bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implementation and evaluation of Stanford Health Care direct-care teledermatology program
Authors: Pathipati Akhilesh S , Ko Justin M
Published: July 2016

Introduction:

Teledermatology has proven to be an effective means of providing dermatologic care. The existing research has primarily evaluated its usefulness in a consultative model. Few academic centers have evaluated a patient-initiated model, and direct-to-consumer services remain the subject of controversy. Stanford Health Care recently launched a direct-care, patient-initiated teledermatology pilot program. This article evaluates the viability and patient satisfaction with this service.

Materials and Methods:

During the pilot period, patients were able to seek remote dermatologic care using an eVisit tool in their MyHealth account. Patients initiated the consultation, answered questions regarding their complaint, and uploaded a picture if relevant. A Stanford dermatologist reviewed each eVisit and responded with an assessment and plan. The dermatologist noted whether they were able to make a diagnosis and their level of confidence in it. After the study, 10 patients participated in a focus group to provide feedback on the service.

Results:

In all, 38 patients sought care during the pilot period. A dermatologist was able to make a diagnosis in 36 of 38 (95%) cases, with an average confidence level of 7.9 of 10. The average time to consultation was 0.8 days. Patients indicated high levels of satisfaction with the service although they had suggestions for improvement.

Discussion:

Patients provided clinically useful images and information in a direct-care teledermatology model. Such services allow dermatology providers to increase access while maintaining high-quality care in an academic medical center. Further research is needed on standalone services that cannot integrate encounters with the patient’s existing medical record.
National sentiments and citizens’ attitudes in Japan toward the use of force against China
Authors: Machida Satoshi
Published: July 2016

This study examines the relationship between national sentiments and citizens’ attitudes in Japan toward the use of force against China. More specifically, the present research explores how patriotism and nationalism influence citizens’ opinions of using force in defending the Senkaku Islands. Since nationalism entails a sense of superiority to other states while patriotism does not, it is possible to hypothesize that it is nationalism, rather than patriotism, that critically boosts citizens’ support for a more hawkish option. The statistical analyses relying on the survey data in Japan verify this proposition. By dissecting the delicate relationship between national sentiments and citizens’ attitudes toward the use of force, this study significantly advances our understanding of Sino-Japanese relations, thus providing critical implications that are highly relevant in the region.
Antiproliferative effect of Tualang honey on oral squamous cell carcinoma and osteosarcoma cell lines
Authors: Ghashm Abdulmlik A , Othman Nor H , Khattak Mohammed N , Ismail Noorliza M , Saini Rajan
Published: July 2016

Background

The treatment of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) and human osteosarcoma (HOS) includes surgery and/or radiotherapy which often lead to reduced quality of life. This study was aimed to study the antiproliferative activity of local honey (Tualang) on OSCC and HOS cell lines.

Methods

Several concentrations of Tualang honey (1% - 20%) were applied on OSCC and HOS cell lines for 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours. Morphological characteristics were observed under light and fluorescent microscope. Cell viability was assessed using MTT assay and the optical density for absorbance values in each experiment was measured at 570 nm by an ELISA reader. Detection of cellular apoptosis was done using the Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Detection Kit.

Results

Morphological appearance showed apoptotic cellular changes like becoming rounded, reduction in cell number, blebbed membrane and apoptotic nuclear changes like nuclear shrinkage, chromatin condensation and fragmented nucleus on OSCC and HOS cell lines. Cell viability assay showed a time and dose-dependent inhibitory effect of honey on both cell lines. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC
50
) for OSCC and HOS cell lines was found to be 4% and 3.5% respectively. The maximum inhibition of cell growth of ≥80% was obtained at 15% for both cell lines. Early apoptosis was evident by flow cytometry where percentage of early apoptotic cells increased in dose and time dependent manner.

Conclusion

Tualang honey showed antiproliferative effect on OSCC and HOS cell lines by inducing early apoptosis.
What evidence exists for the effectiveness of on-farm conservation land management strategies for preserving ecosystem services in developing countries? A systematic map
Authors: Thorn Jessica P. R. , Friedman Rachel , Benz David , Willis Kathy J. , Petrokofsky Gillian
Published: July 2016

Background

An extensive body of evidence in the field of agro-ecology claims to show the positive effects that maintenance of ecosystem services can have on meeting future food demand by making farms more sustainable, productive and resilient, which then contributes to improved nutrition and livelihoods of farmers. However, inconsistent effects have commonly been reported, while empirical evidence to support assumed improvements is largely lacking. Overall, a coherent synthesis and review of the evidence of these claims is largely absent from the literature.

Methods

Systematic searches of peer-reviewed research were conducted in bibliographic databases of Web of Science, SCOPUS, AGRICOLA, AGRIS databases and CAB abstracts, and grey literature from Google Scholar, and 32 subject-specific websites. Searches identified 21,147 articles. After screening, 746 studies were included in the final map.

Results

Of the 19 conservation land management practices considered, soil fertilisation (24 %), tillage (23 %), agroforestry (9 %), and water conservation (7 %) were most commonly studied. Ecosystem services most commonly studied were supporting (55 %) and regulating (33 %), particularly carbon sequestration/storage, nutrient cycling and soil/water regulation/supply. Key data gaps identified included the absence of long-term records (with datasets spanning >20 years), studies located in North and Central Africa, research that focuses on smallholder landscapes, and studies that span different scales (regional and landscape levels).

Conclusions

The study employs systematic mapping combined with an online interactive platform that geographically maps results, which allows users to interrogate different aspects of the evidence through a defined database field structure. While studies are not directly comparable, the database of 746 studies brings together a previously fragmented and multidisciplinary literature base, and collectively provides evidence concerning a wide range of conservation land management practices impacting key ecosystem services. The systematic map is easily updatable, and may be extended for additional coding, analysed to assess the quality of studies, or used to inform future systematic reviews.
Vitamin D deficiency in critically ill patients with traumatic injuries
Authors: Dickerson Roland N. , Van Cleve Jonathan R. , Swanson Joseph M. , Maish George O. , Minard Gayle , Croce Martin A. , Brown Rex O.
Published: July 2016

Background

Vitamin D depletion has been associated with increased rate of infections, lengthened hospital stay, and worsened mortality for critically ill patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and variables associated with vitamin D deficiency in critically ill patients with severe traumatic injuries.

Methods

Critically ill adult patients admitted to the trauma intensive care unit (ICU) between June 2013 and June 2014, referred to the nutrition support service for enteral or parenteral nutrition, and had a serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH vitamin D) concentration determination were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were stratified as vitamin D sufficient, insufficient, deficient, or severely deficient based on a 25-OH vitamin D concentration of 30–80, 20–29.9, 13.1–19.9, and ≤13 ng/mL, respectively.

Results

One hundred and twenty-one patients out of 158 (76 %) patients were vitamin D deficient or severely deficient. Thirty-one patients (20 %) were insufficient and 6 (4 %) had a normal 25-OH vitamin D concentration. 25-OH vitamin D was determined 7.5 ± 5.1 days after ICU admission. African-Americans had a greater proportion of patients with deficiency or severe deficiency compared to other races (91 versus 64 %, P = 0.02). Penetrating gunshot or knife stab injury, African-American race, and obesity (elevated body mass index) were significantly associated with vitamin D deficiency or severe deficiency: OR 9.23 (1.13, 75.40), 4.0 (1.4, 11.58), and 1.12 (1.03, 1.23), P < 0.05, respectively.

Conclusions

The majority of critically ill patients with traumatic injuries exhibit vitamin D deficiency or severe deficiency. Penetrating injuries, African-American race, and obesity are significant risk factors for deficiency. Severity of injury, extent of inflammation (elevated C-reactive protein concentration), or hospital admission during the winter season did not significantly influence the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency.
Memorial
Authors: Mehringer A.P.
Published: July 2016

Raiford Harold Burton, of Midland, Texas, died on December 29, 1962, in Midland Memorial Hospital, as the result of a heart attack. Although he had suffered a severe heart attack four years previously, “Burt” had continued to lead an active life during the years since, and his death came as a great shock to his family, his associates, and his legion of friends. He was one of Midland's most beloved citizens.
Pregnancy Suppresses the Daily Rhythmicity of Core Body Temperature and Adipose Metabolic Gene Expression in the Mouse
Authors: Wharfe Michaela D. , Wyrwoll Caitlin S. , Waddell Brendan J. , Mark Peter J.
Published: July 2016

Maternal adaptations in lipid metabolism are crucial for pregnancy success due to the role of white adipose tissue as an energy store and the dynamic nature of energy needs across gestation. Because lipid metabolism is regulated by the rhythmic expression of clock genes, it was hypothesized that maternal metabolic adaptations involve changes in both adipose clock gene expression and the rhythmic expression of downstream metabolic genes. Maternal core body temperature (Tc) was investigated as a possible mechanism driving pregnancy-induced changes in clock gene expression. Gonadal adipose tissue and plasma were collected from C57BL/6J mice before and on days 6, 10, 14, and 18 of pregnancy (term 19 d) at 4-hour intervals across a 24-hour period. Adipose expression of clock genes and downstream metabolic genes were determined by quantitative RT-PCR, and Tc was measured by intraperitoneal temperature loggers. Adipose clock gene expression showed robust rhythmicity throughout pregnancy, but absolute levels varied substantially across gestation. Rhythmic expression of the metabolic genes Lipe, Pnpla2, and Lpl was clearly evident before pregnancy; however, this rhythmicity was lost with the onset of pregnancy. Tc rhythm was significantly altered by pregnancy, with a 65% decrease in amplitude by term and a 0.61°C decrease in mesor between days 6 and 18. These changes in Tc, however, did not appear to be linked to adipose clock gene expression across pregnancy. Overall, our data show marked adaptations in the adipose clock in pregnancy, with an apparent decoupling of adipose clock and lipolytic/lipogenic gene rhythms from early in gestation.
Evaluation of Immortalized AVPV- and Arcuate-Specific Neuronal Kisspeptin Cell Lines to Elucidate Potential Mechanisms of Estrogen Responsiveness and Temporal Gene Expression in Females
Authors: Jacobs Dakota C. , Veitch Rebecca E. , Chappell Patrick E.
Published: July 2016

In females, ovarian estradiol modulates kisspeptin (Kiss-1) synthesis to act as an obligatory regulator of downstream gonadotropin release in vivo, via stimulation of GnRH neurons. Changes in the ovarian condition are relayed to the neuroendocrine hypothalamus via two sexually dimorphic Kiss-1 populations, located in the anteroventral periventricular (AVPV) and arcuate nuclei, conveying estradiol-positive and -negative feedback, respectively. To elucidate how differential responsiveness to estradiol is mediated in these populations, we generated two kisspeptin-secreting cell lines from an adult kiss1-green fluorescent protein (GFP) female mouse. These lines recapitulate in vivo responsiveness to estradiol, with KTaV-3 (AVPV) cells demonstrating significantly increased kiss1 expression under high physiological estradiol exposure, whereas KTaR-1 (arcuate) cells exhibit kiss1 suppression after lower estradiol exposure. Baseline expression of estrogen receptor-α (esr1) differs significantly between KTaV-3 and KTaR-1 cells, with KTaR-1 cells demonstrating higher basal expression of esr1. Estradiol stimulation of kiss1 expression in KTaV-3 cells is modulated in a dose-dependent manner up to 25.0 pM, with less responsiveness observed at higher doses (>50.0 pM). In contrast, KTaR-1 kiss1 attenuates at lower estradiol doses (2.0–5.0 pM), returning to baseline levels at 25.0 pM and greater. Furthermore, the expression of the core clock genes bmal1 and per2 show normal rhythms in KTaV-3 cells, regardless of estradiol treatment. Conversely, KTaR-1 antiphasic transcription of bmal1 and per2 is phase delayed by low estradiol treatment. Strikingly, estradiol induces circadian rhythms of kiss1 expression only in KTaV-3 cells. Further exploration into estradiol responsiveness will reveal mechanisms responsible for the differential expression pattern demonstrated in vivo between these cell types.
Minireview: Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM): The “Other” Steroid-Sensitive Cancer
Authors: Prizant Hen , Hammes Stephen R.
Published: July 2016

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a devastating rare lung disease affecting primarily childbearing age women in which tumors consisting of abnormal smooth-muscle-like cells grow within the lungs and progressively lead to loss of pulmonary function. LAM cells metastasize to the lungs, predominantly through the lymphatics; however, the source of the LAM cell is still unknown. LAM cells contain inactivating mutations in genes encoding tuberous sclerosis 1 or 2, proteins that normally limit cell growth through suppression of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1. As of today, sirolimus (an mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 inhibitor) is the only treatment, available for LAM patients that is approved by the Food and Drug Administration; however, this drug and others in its class provide stabilization but not remission of LAM. One of the biggest problems in treating LAM is that both the origin of the LAM cells and the mechanism of the sexual dimorphism in LAM are still not understood. LAM cells express estrogen and progesterone receptors, and lung function declines during periods of high circulating estrogen levels. Moreover, numerous basic research studies find that estrogen is a key driving force in LAM cell proliferation, migration, and metastasis. In this review, we highlight recent insights regarding the role of steroid hormones in LAM and discuss possible explanations for the profound female sexual dimorphism of LAM.
Novel functions for Dorsocross in epithelial morphogenesis in the beetle Tribolium castaneum
Authors: Horn Thorsten , Panfilio Kristen A.
Published: July 2016

Epithelial morphogenesis, the progressive restructuring of tissue sheets, is fundamental to embryogenesis. In insects, not only embryonic tissues but also extraembryonic (EE) epithelia play a crucial role in shaping the embryo. In Drosophila, the T-box transcription factor Dorsocross (Doc) is essential for EE tissue maintenance and therefore embryo survival. However, Drosophila possesses a single amnioserosa, whereas most insects have a distinct amnion and serosa. How does this derived situation compare with Doc function in the ancestral context of two EE epithelia? Here, we investigate the Doc orthologue in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, which is an excellent model for EE tissue complement and for functional, fluorescent live imaging approaches. Surprisingly, we find that Tc-Doc controls all major events in Tribolium EE morphogenesis without affecting EE tissue specification or maintenance. These macroevolutionary changes in function between Tribolium and Drosophila are accompanied by regulatory network changes, where BMP signaling and possibly the transcription factor Hindsight are downstream mediators. We propose that the ancestral role of Doc was to control morphogenesis and discuss how Tc-Doc could provide spatial precision for remodeling the amnion-serosa border.
The differential expression of alternatively polyadenylated transcripts is a common stress-induced response mechanism that modulates mammalian mRNA expression in a quantitative and qualitative fashion
Authors: Hollerer Ina , Curk Tomaz , Haase Bettina , Benes Vladimir , Hauer Christian , Neu-Yilik Gabriele , Bhuvanagiri Madhuri , Hentze Matthias W. , Kulozik Andreas E.
Published: July 2016

Stress adaptation plays a pivotal role in biological processes and requires tight regulation of gene expression. In this study, we explored the effect of cellular stress on mRNA polyadenylation and investigated the implications of regulated polyadenylation site usage on mammalian gene expression. High-confidence polyadenylation site mapping combined with global pre-mRNA and mRNA expression profiling revealed that stress induces an accumulation of genes with differentially expressed polyadenylated mRNA isoforms in human cells. Specifically, stress provokes a global trend in polyadenylation site usage toward decreased utilization of promoter-proximal poly(A) sites in introns or ORFs and increased utilization of promoter-distal polyadenylation sites in intergenic regions. This extensively affects gene expression beyond regulating mRNA abundance by changing mRNA length and by altering the configuration of open reading frames. Our study highlights the impact of post-transcriptional mechanisms on stress-dependent gene regulation and reveals the differential expression of alternatively polyadenylated transcripts as a common stress-induced mechanism in mammalian cells.
Case Report: ALCAPA syndrome: successful repair with an anatomical and physiological alternative surgical technique
Authors: Vilá Mollinedo Luis Gustavo , Jaime Uribe Andrés , Aceves Chimal José Luis , Martínez-Rubio Roberto Pablo , Hernández-Romero Karen Patricia
Published: July 2016

Anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery, or ALCAPA syndrome, is a rare congenital cardiac disease that can cause myocardial infarction, heart failure and even death in paediatric patients. Only few untreated patients survive until adult age. Here we present the case of a 33-year-old female patient with paroxysmal tachycardia, syncope and little effort dyspnoea. She was diagnosed with ALCAPA syndrome and underwent surgical correction with an alternative technique of left main coronary artery extension to the aorta.
Recent advances in phototherapy for psoriasis
Authors: Nakamura Mio , Farahnik Benjamin , Bhutani Tina
Published: July 2016

Phototherapy involves repeated exposure of the skin to ultraviolet light to treat various inflammatory skin conditions such as psoriasis. Recent studies have identified specific immunologic effects of phototherapy that may underlie phototherapy efficacy. Furthermore, recent advancements have been made in developing safe and effective targeted phototherapy modalities for difficult-to-treat areas such as scalp psoriasis. Targeted phototherapy in the form of the excimer laser holds potential for more aggressive, effective treatment and long-lasting remission of psoriasis. Phototherapy is now also used successfully with biologic agents as combination therapy to treat recalcitrant psoriasis. Therefore, though one of the oldest therapeutic modalities for psoriasis, phototherapy remains a mainstay treatment with promise for further advancement.
Childhood lymphoedema and ‘Lymphaletics’: overcoming barriers
Authors: Todd Marie
Published: July 2016

Primary lymphoedema is a complex condition that causes tissue swelling, usually in one or more of the limbs, but lymphatic drainage of the head, trunk or deeper organs may also be affected. It can manifest in swelling at any time from birth meaning there are a number of children affected by this condition. While it is rare in childhood there are too few professionals experienced in diagnosis and treatment, which results in delays in identification and referral to appropriate services for diagnosis and treatment. The Children's Lymphoedema Special Interest Group (CLSIG) was formed in 2010 by a group of lymphoedema specialists in a bid to raise awareness, improve service provision, and enhance practitioner knowledge. One of the aims of the group was to deliver a ‘fun day’ (Lymphaletics) for children with lymphoedema and their families to encourage physical activity and social interaction with children who have similar problems, and to provide a source of parent-to-parent support. This article discusses the issues for children and their families, and the aims and format of the event.
Nurses' experiences of leech therapy in plastic and reconstructive surgery
Authors: Reynolds Alison , OBoyle Colm
Published: July 2016

The aim of this study was to explore nurses' experience of using leech therapy. Leech therapy is useful in promoting revascularisation of skin grafts. Nurse disquiet in their role as leech therapists has been noted. This study explored the experience of Irish nurses. A qualitative design with an interview schedule was used to learn about emotional and practical clinical experiences. Interviews were carried out with seven nurses working with leeches in reconstructive surgery in 2013. These interviews were coded and explored for themes. Results revealed that many nurses feel aversion to the use of leeches. This may be associated with the use of a parasitic organism as treatment in conflict with the nurse's role in cross infection. It was also found that management of a nurse's own and patient's emotional responses is required. In conclusion, preparation for the role of leech therapy beyond the purely practical is necessary, and should explore affective responses of the practitioner and patients.
The role of service-user feedback in undergraduate nursing courses
Authors: Ward Sue , Benbow Judith
Published: July 2016

There is an increasing expectation that service users should contribute in a meaningful way to student nurse education courses. This article describes how service-user feedback on undergraduate student nurses' performance during practice learning opportunities (PLOs) gives an insight into the qualities service users value in student nurses. At Cardiff University, the new Bachelor of Nursing course, launched in September 2012, took into account the Nursing and Midwifery (NMC) standards for preregistration, implementing a mechanism for service users to feed back on students' clinical performance. To facilitate this service, user/carer feedback pages were inserted into the students' bound clinical practice portfolio. A large sample of the clinical portfolios (n=100) from one cohort across adult, child and mental health nursing fields were examined at the end of year 1, year 2 and again at the end of year 3, and service users' comments collated. In considering the words used by service users, the authors propose that they reflected the six fundamental values—or 6Cs—of care, compassion, competence, communication, courage and commitment that underpin the delivery of excellent care. Conclusions drawn from the feedback were that students exhibited the caring and professional qualities that service users value, and indeed showed the dignity and respect for patients and people that the profession demands.
A rocky road lies ahead for the Healthcare Safety Investigation Branch
Authors: Tingle John
Published: July 2016

John Tingle discusses the expert advisory group report on the establishment of the new healthcare safety organisation for England that came into existence on 1 April 2016
Are you adaptable and able?
Authors: Hassan Ola
Published: July 2016

Dentist Ola Hassan has a special place in her heart for her work with refugees. At the age of three she herself moved to the UK as a refugee. Years later, she graduated from the Leeds Dental Institute. She is now looking for dental nurses to volunteer to join her in helping those need in areas of crisis
Are you happily engaged?
Authors: Toibin Ian
Published: July 2016

Dentist and former dental nurse, Ian Toibin, offers a personal guide to motivating patients and explains why very often you are the new angle with a new smile
Broad and diverse
Authors: Macgregor Tommy
Published: July 2016

Tommy Macgregor recalls how making the right moves has taken him from raised eyebrows to eye-opening experiences
A bit of a ‘grey’ area
Authors: Pickles Janet
Published: July 2016

Are you clued up on how best to ensure the ongoing care and cleaning of inhalation sedation equipment? Janet Pickles offers an expert guide
Cross-linked hyaluronic acid in pressure ulcer prevention
Authors: Beniamino P. , Vadalà M. , Laurino C.
Published: July 2016

Objective:

Long-term bedridden patients are at high risk of acquring pressure ulcers (PUs). In this group of patients, prevention is necessary to cut the health costs, improve quality of life and reduce the mortality. Here, we evaluated the effectiveness of a cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA) as plastic bulking-agent filling and remodelling the deep dermis and subcutaneous space of the skin areas exposed to the risk of necrosis. Our work hypothesis has been to inflate a sub-dermal elastic cushion, filled with a natural ECM component, with the aim to induce a stronger tissue background resistant to the ulcerative process.

Method:

All the patients had an increased risk of PUs, at the sacral, ileum or heel skin. Patients were being nursed accordingly to the standard orthopaedic ward management with a pressure relieveing air mattress. The standard protocol consisted in body mobilisation every 3 hours, 24 hours a day and accurate cleaning of the skin with liquid soap and water without any towel friction and without adding any cream or lotion for the skin protection. Our filling protocol enclosed: accurate disinfection of the skin to be injected with povidone-iodine solution, followed by a local anaesthesia with 28G 13 mm needle, injecting 1.5 ml of 1% xylocaine. Then slow, deep, subcutaneous injection of cross-linked HA was performed with a 18G long needle, in order to deliver a homogeneous, soft gel layer underneath and around the whitish erythematous skin edges at risk of ulceration. Patients' tolerability of the compound and adverse events were also recorded.

Results:

There were 15 patients (78–94 years old) who participated in the study. All tolerated the procedure very well and no serious side effects were declared. No skin pressure ulceration was detected in the four weeks follow-up

Conclusion:

We have demonstrated the safety and tolerability of a cross-linked HA subdermal injection in PUs prevention. The compound stratifies in a soft, elastic, interstitial bulk into the deep dermis, thus reducing the exogenous pressure stress: thus, the induction of a thick hydrophilic substrate supports adequate mesenchymal and blood cells traffic to immediately restore any early or impending damage to the skin.

Declaration of interest:

The authors certify that there is no conflict of interest with any financial organisation regarding the material discussed in the manuscript.
Masculinity, masquerade and display: Some thoughts on Rick Owens’s Sphinx collection and men in fashion
Authors: Bancroft Alison
Published: July 2016

The ideas in this article stem from my earlier work on fashion and femininity and were prompted by the fashion designer Rick Owens’s Sphinx collection at Paris Men’s Fashion Week in January 2015. This controversial collection was a highlight of the fashion industry’s menswear shows, and garnered almost as much attention as the womenswear shows usually do. I contend that fashion is and remains a feminine cultural form, regardless of the anatomy of the wearer, with the proviso that the feminine is, or can be, a site of resistance. The question I want to address here is, what are male bodies on display actually saying, not just in the Rick Owens show, but in fashion more widely? My answer to that question draws heavily upon the psychoanalytic theories of Jacques Lacan, and deploys them to an analysis of the work of Rick Owens. My study of this collection draws heavily on the psychoanalytic writings of Jacques Lacan in its theorizing of contemporary men’s fashion shows, and takes as its point of departure the idea that fashion is inherently feminine, and thus always feminizing.
The Not-It girl
Authors: Morel Geneviève
Published: July 2016

This article presents an analysis of Clara Bow’s portrayal of the first It girl, a concept invented by the writer Elinor Glyn, in the silent movie It (Clarence E. Badger, 1927). This figure was to have an enduring, or at least recurrent, media future. The It girl is contrasted with another and opposite representation, which appeared in the same year, 1927, in the short story ‘Illusion’, by Jean Rhys. This story presents a different figure of fashion, a woman who does not show what she has; a woman who keeps her femininity hidden in the secret of the wardrobe. This type of woman, who dresses in a nondescript ‘normcore’ way, is frequently encountered in the psychoanalytic clinic, and is designated in the article as the Not-It girl.

Through analysis of the two contrasting fictional representations and consideration of a case history from her own psychoanalytic practice, the author draws on Freudian and Lacanian psychoanalytic formulations to consider what is going on in these two contrasted representations – and lived experiences – of femininity. The article concludes that the Not-It girl’s constant search for femininity (or its trappings) supports the fashion industry far more than the It girl ever does.
Jewish wigs and Islamic sportswear: Negotiating regulations of religion and fashion
Authors: Tarlo Emma
Published: July 2016

This article explores the dynamics of freedom and conformity in religious dress prescriptions and fashion, arguing that although fashion is popularly perceived as liberating and religion as constraining when it comes to dress, in reality both demand conformity to normative expectations while allowing some freedom of interpretation. The article goes on to trace the emergence of new forms of fashionable religious dress such as the human-hair wigs worn by some orthodox Jewish women and the new forms of Islamic sportswear adopted by some Muslim women. It shows how these fashions have emerged through the efforts of religiously observant women to subscribe simultaneously to the expectations of fashion and religious prescription, which are seen to operate in a relationship of creative friction. In doing so, they invent new ways of dressing that push the boundaries of religious and fashion norms even as they seek to conform to them.
MIND THE GAP: LONDRES VERSUS CIDADE MARAVILHOSA – UM ESTUDO DO SISTEMA METROVIÁRIO COMO FACILITADOR DO TURISMO
Authors: Souza Ana Paula Machado Santos , Lança Viviane Soares
Published: July 2016

O sistema metroviário é um dos elementos mais importantes para o desenvolvimento da sociedade e da atividade turística. Assim, o presente trabalho dedica-se a estudar o sistema ferroviário, com especial destaque ao sistema que melhor atende a cidade de Londres, o metroviário. Com o objetivo de analisar e apresentar um diagnóstico parcial do transporte metroviário de Londres buscou-se propor possíveis melhorias para o mesmo sistema desenvolvido na Cidade Maravilhosa. Para tanto, foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico sobre o assunto, a partir de uma base metodológica descritiva, na tentativa de estabelcer ainda comparações com outros modais de transporte. Nessa perspectiva, concluiu-se que o sistema metroviário, quando bem planejado e interligado aos demais modais, pode beneficiar o acesso a diversos atrotivos turísticos devido à agilidade e comodidade do serviço.Palavras-chave: Sistema metroviário; Atividade turística; Londres; Rio de Janeiro.
O USO DE APLICATIVOS EM DISPOSITIVOS MÓVEIS COMO FERRAMENTAS PARA O ENSINO DE PRÁTICAS GASTRONÔMICAS: UMA PROPOSTA DE DINÂMICA NO PROCESSO DE ENSINO-APRENDIZAGEM DA GASTRONOMIA
Authors: Lopes Thiago Henrique
Published: July 2016

A formação profissional em gastronomia demanda hoje profissionais capacitados a atuarem nos diversos equipamentos do turismo. Ao mesmo tempo, a constante modernização da sociedade atual, pautada no desenvolvimento tecnológico com foco na mobilidade, faz urgência na construção de projetos de ensino adequados a esse momento. Com isso, o presente artigo propõe a adoção do mobile learning (m-Learning) no ensino de práticas gastronômicas como ferramenta para melhorar a qualidade do ensino, uma vez que a avaliação no formato tradicional é falha e as características das aulas práticas requerem tal recurso. Através da revisão bibliográfica e pesquisa estatística aplicada a alunos de curso de gastronomia, foi possível concluir que o momento em que vivemos é propicio para a adoção dessa didática e para isso foi apresentada uma proposta.Palavras-chave: gastronomia; mobile learning; didática; aulas práticas.
Method to Control Multiple Segmented LLSM without Position Encoder
Authors: Weber Andreas R. , Steiner Gerald
Published: July 2016

In recent years long stator linear synchronous motors (LLSM) started to replace the typical rotating to linear converters like belts, chains, screw systems, pulleys, disks and so on. With LLSM a lot of drawbacks in the machine concepts and design can be prevented. For long tracks, reducing reactive power and individual control of numerous moveable units, the track is segmented in several fed stator units. Because of the LLSM construction an operation with a physical position encoder is not desirable. For that reason position observers should be used instead. In this paper a method to control the multiple segmented LLSM without position encoder is proposed. The special behaviour during entrance and exit of one moveable unit in an active stator segment is described and the control concept via a master slave relationship is proposed. Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the performance and feasibility of the proposed method.
Experimental Verification of Model Simulation Results of Heating Cycles within the Electric Muffle Furnaces
Authors: Lucák Jiří
Published: July 2016

The paper [1] described a mathematical model of the electric muffle furnace. A specific solution of real models has been already solved and presented within this paper. The first one is the muffle heating furnace equipped with a fireproof clay muffle (MODEL I) and thermal insulation of expanded fireproof clay. As the second variant the furnace equipped with a silicon carbide muffle (MODEL II) and with a thermal insulation of fibre ceramic boards of Sibral type is presented. Further the paper presents the results of simulations of the same heating cycles performed using the mathematical model presented in the paper [1] and comparing these results with the progression of the values measured in real furnaces.

Experiment and simulation assessment will be carried out as the final step hereof. Equipment parameters are sources from technical documentations of the manufacturers.
Human Trafficking and Migrant Smuggling in Southeast Europe and Russia, Criminal Entrepreneurship and Traditional Culture, by Johan Leman & Stef Janssens
Authors: Loeffel Fiona
Published: July 2016

Download this article from UCL Discovery.
Customary Law in Hungary: Courts, Texts and the Tripartitum, by Martyn Rady
Authors: Martin Matthew
Published: July 2016

Download this article from UCL Discovery.
Die Universität als Akteurin der transformativen Wissenschaft: Konsequenzen für die Messung der Qualität transdisziplinärer Forschung
Authors: Krainer Larissa , Winiwarter Verena
Published: July 2016

Grand challenges, Transformation, third mission: Wissenschaft und Universitäten sind zunehmend gefordert, gesellschaftlichen Wandel verantwortlich und aktiv mitzugestalten. Immer häufiger wird deswegen transdisziplinär geforscht. Doch bislang fehlt eine systematische
Beschreibung, Bewertung und Anerkennung dieser wissenschaftlichen Leistungen.Scientific research aimed at transforming society has a normative basis. Here, we will examine the potential of transdisciplinary research methods and what they have to offer in terms of desired transformation.
Our observation is that it must be possible to assess the research results from such endeavours with regard to their specific impact. First, we will discuss the difficulties involved in measuring the quality of transdisciplinary research, in particular its social impact. This leads to a broader
examination of the meaning of quality in this type of research. Consequently, we advise complementing the existing catalogue of indicators with specific criteria related to the quality of transdisciplinary approaches. An international transdisciplinary research society could potentially serve
as an independent body to foster definition and commitment.
Nachhaltigkeit als Nießbrauch: Das römische Rechtsinstitut des usus fructus und seine systematische Bedeutung für das Konzept der nachhaltigen Nutzung
Authors: Soentgen Jens
Published: July 2016

Unter Nießbrauch verstanden die Römer eine Nutzung, die Sorge trägt, dass die Substanz der Sache erhalten bleibt. Von diesem Konzept aus ergibt sich eine neue Möglichkeit, Nachhaltigkeit zu verstehen. Dabei kommt es darauf an, dass die Substanz nicht nur ökonomisch,
sondern auch ökologisch definiert wird.This paper argues that the concept of sustainability has a parallel in the Roman concept of usus fructus (usufruct), meaning to use, enjoy and benefit from something owned, without altering its substance. The concept of sustainable use
is based on a definition of the essential properties of the thing being used. This is not a trivial matter, as there are always many ways of defining the essence of a thing. Wood represents one thing for a forest warden, and something quite different for an ecologist. Ecological sustainability
is different from economic sustainability, since an ecologist has a more complex understanding of the essence of a given piece of land or body of water. In its conclusion, this paper argues that sustainability can be considered a type of usufruct. Sustainability differs from other types of
usufruct in that the user is not accountable to the proprietor, but to an open forum of stakeholders. The thing the user possesses must be defined both economically and ecologically.
Die spirituelle Kraft von Symbolen im Landbau
Authors: Helmle Simone
Published: July 2016

Christliche Symbole spielen in der europäischen Agrarkultur seit Jahrhunderten eine wichtige Rolle. Sie spiegeln unsere spirituelle Beziehung zur Natur wider. Der Mensch sollte sich ihnen aber nicht allein aus Tradition widmen. Durch das eigene Handeln, die eigenen Rituale, leben
Symbole weiter, auch wenn sie manchmal andere Namen und Formen haben.
Nachwuchsgruppen in der Sozial-ökologischen Forschung
Authors: Müller Claudia
Published: July 2016

Die Nachhaltigkeitsforschung braucht gut qualifizierten wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchs, der in der Lage ist, Lösungen für komplexe gesellschaftliche Probleme wie den Klimawandeloder die Energiewende zu entwickeln. Außerdem sollen gesellschaftliche Transformationsprozessein
Richtung Nachhaltigkeit interdisziplinär untersucht und mit angestoßen werden. Daher fördert dasBundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung Nachwuchsgruppen in der Sozial-ökologischen Forschung.
Smart meter intelligent nutzen
Authors: Tampe-Mai Karolin , Mack Birgit
Published: July 2016

Auf dem Weg zu einem nachhaltigen Energiesystem gilt es, den Energieverbrauch insgesamt zu reduzieren. Mit digitalen Stromzählern, sogenannten smart meter, können Stromkunden zu einem energieeffizienten Verhalten motiviert werden. Damit das gelingt, bedarf es Onlinetools,
die eine Implementie rung neuer Verhaltensmuster unterstützen.
Transformationsforschung als Beispiel für responsible science
Authors: Luks Fred , Luks Fred
Published: July 2016

Transformationsforschungforscht über, transformative Forschung dagegen für Transformation. Nachhaltige Entwicklung braucht beides: wissenschaftliche Arbeit zu den Bedingungen, Grenzen und Möglichkeiten von Transformationsprozessen ‐ und das aktive Engagement für
solche Prozesse.
Den Kohlekonsens befördern: Zum aktuellen Beitrag der transformativen Nachhaltigkeitsforschung
Authors: Setton Daniela , Helgenberger Sebastian
Published: July 2016

Die Frage, wie ein langfristig tragfähiger Rahmen für die Verminderung der Stromerzeugung aus Braun-und Steinkohlekraftwerken aussehen kann, steht aktuell im Fokus der energiepolitischen Debat te. Transformative Nachhaltigkeits-forschung kann wichtige Impulse setzen, um Politik
und Gesellschaft zu unterstützen, eine der zentralen Konfliktlinien der Energiewende zu bewältigen.
Mine is Yours: Diotima’s Theory of Survival
Authors: Honda Masaya
Published: July 2016

This paper revives a series of discussions held in mid-twentieth century about Plato’s Symposium and, based on this, provides a logical basis for a potential theory on virtue ethics, which holds that naturalism is consistent with evolutionary biology. Specifically, this paper demonstrates how Diotima (who is described as young Socrates’s teacher on love, or eros) could defend her theory of identity vis-à-vis how humans naturally tend to survive in ways characteristic of their species over time.
The Limits of a Basic Income: Means and Ends of Workplace Democracy
Authors: Gourevitch Alex
Published: July 2016

A democratic economy matters for different reasons, depending on why we are concerned about authoritarian workplaces. Authoritarian work conditions violate overlap but distinct values, related to democratic government, meaningful work, non-domination, exploitation, and the quality of leisure time. To the degree that democratizing work is supposed to advance these values, a basic income is neither a necessary nor sufficient condition for eliminating authoritarian work conditions. It might, in some conditions, reduce some of the worst aspects of our current workplace relationships. But, by the same token, it might exacerbate them, especially if a basic income becomes a substitute for collective self-organization by workers. In nearly every case, the value that we seek to advance and the kind of democratized economy we might wish to have is better created and maintained by concerted class power than by welfarist social policies, like a basic income.
Thermal rectification based on phonon hydrodynamics and thermomass theory
Authors: Dong Yuan
Published: July 2016

The thermal diode is the fundamental device for phononics. There are various mechanisms for thermal rectification, e.g. different temperature dependent thermal conductivity of two ends, asymmetric interfacial resistance, and nonlocal behavior of phonon transport in asymmetric structures. The phonon hydrodynamics and thermomass theory treat the heat conduction in a fluidic viewpoint. The phonon gas flowing through the media is characterized by the balance equation of momentum, like the Navier-Stokes equation for fluid mechanics. Generalized heat conduction law thereby contains the spatial acceleration (convection) term and the viscous (Laplacian) term. The viscous term predicts the size dependent thermal conductivity. Rectification appears due to the MFP supersession of phonons. The convection term also predicts rectification because of the inertia effect, like a gas passing through a nozzle or diffuser.
A study of the interactions between uniform and pointwise vortices in an inviscid fluid
Authors: Riccardi Giorgio
Published: July 2016

The planar interactions between pair of vortices in an inviscid fluid are analytically investigated, by assuming one of the two vortices pointwise and the other one uniform. A novel approach using the Schwarz function of the boundary of the uniform vortex is adopted. It is based on a new integral relation between the (complex) velocity induced by the uniform vortex and its Schwarz function and on the time evolution equation of this function. They lead to a singular integrodifferential problem. Even if this problem is strongly nonlinear, its nonlinearities are confined inside two terms, only. As a consequence, its solution can be analytically approached by means of successive approximations. The ones at 0th (nonlinear terms neglected) and 1st (nonlinear terms evaluated on the 0-order solution) orders are calculated and compared with contour dynamics simulations of the vortex motion. A satisfactory agreement is keept for times which are small with respect to the turn-over time of the vortex pair.
Uniformization of p-adic curves via Higgs–de Rham flows
Authors: Lan Guitang , Sheng Mao , Yang Yanhong , Zuo Kang
Published: July 2016

Let k be an algebraic closure of a finite field of odd characteristic. We prove that for any rank two graded Higgs bundle with maximal Higgs field over a generic hyperbolic curve

X
1

{X_{1}}

defined over k, there exists a lifting X of the curve to the ring

W
⁢

(
k
)

{W(k)}

of Witt vectors as well as a lifting of the Higgs bundle to a periodic Higgs bundle over

X
/
W

⁢

(
k
)

{X/W(k)}

. These liftings give rise to a two-dimensional absolutely irreducible representation of the arithmetic fundamental group

π
1

⁢

(

X
K

)

{\pi_{1}(X_{K})}

of the generic fiber of X. This curve X and its associated representation is in close relation to the canonical curve and its associated canonical crystalline representation in the p-adic Teichmüller theory for curves due to S. Mochizuki. Our result may be viewed as an analogue of the Hitchin–Simpson’s uniformization theory of hyperbolic Riemann surfaces via Higgs bundles.
Framing Bottled Water: A Comparative Reflection on the Legal Paradigm
Authors: Bonetto Diego
Published: July 2016

The work compares two apparently different legal frameworks governing bottled water to highlight the underlying convergence of their rhetorical underpinnings. In particular, it looks at the law regulating the exploitation of water destined to bottling in India and Italy. Through these two examples this work wants to show how in both countries, which may serve as, respectively, a Global South and a Global North examples as to their position in the worldwide allocation of economic wealth and labour, the regulations treat water as a commodity focusing on the aspects concerning its commercialization by private companies.
Dipeptidyl peptidase 9 substrates and their discovery: current progress and the application of mass spectrometry-based approaches
Authors: Wilson Claire H. , Zhang Hui Emma , Gorrell Mark D. , Abbott Catherine A.
Published: July 2016

The enzyme members of the dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) gene family have the very unusual capacity to cleave the post-proline bond to release dipeptides from the N-terminus of peptide/protein substrates. DPP4 and related enzymes are current and potential therapeutic targets in the treatment of type II diabetes, inflammatory conditions and cancer. Despite this, the precise biological function of individual dipeptidyl peptidases (DPPs), other than DPP4, and knowledge of their in vivo substrates remains largely unknown. For many years, identification of physiological DPP substrates has been difficult due to limitations in the available tools. Now, with advances in mass spectrometry based approaches, we can discover DPP substrates on a system wide-scale. Application of these approaches has helped reveal some of the in vivo natural substrates of DPP8 and DPP9 and their unique biological roles. In this review, we provide a general overview of some tools and approaches available for protease substrate discovery and their applicability to the DPPs with a specific focus on DPP9 substrates. This review provides comment upon potential approaches for future substrate elucidation.