bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emotion recognition and social functioning in individuals with autism spectrum condition and intellectual disability
Authors: Tamas Daniela , Brkic Jovanovic Nina , Stojkov Stanka , Cvijanović Danijela , Meinhardt–Injac Bozana
Published: March 2024

Objective

Most previous studies have examined emotion recognition in autism spectrum condition (ASC) without intellectual disability (ID). However, ASC and ID co-occur to a high degree. The main aims of the study were to examine emotion recognition in individuals with ASC and co-occurring intellectual disability (ASC-ID) as compared to individuals with ID alone, and to investigate the relationship between emotion recognition and social functioning.

Methods

The sample consisted of 30 adult participants with ASC-ID and a comparison group of 29 participants with ID. Emotion recognition was assessed by the facial emotions test, while. social functioning was assessed by the social responsiveness scale–second edition (SRS-2).

Results

The accuracy of emotion recognition was significantly lower in individuals with ASC-ID compared to the control group with ID, especially when it came to identifying angry and fearful emotions. Participants with ASC-ID exhibited more pronounced difficulties in social functioning compared to those with ID, and there was a significant negative correlation between emotion recognition and social functioning. However, emotion recognition accounted for only 8% of the variability observed in social functioning.

Conclusion

Our data indicate severe difficulties in the social-perceptual domain and in everyday social functioning in individuals with ASC-ID.
An LIR motif in the Rift Valley fever virus NSs protein is critical for the interaction with LC3 family members and inhibition of autophagy
Authors: Petraccione Kaylee , Ali Mohamed G. H. , Cyr Normand , Wahba Haytham M. , Stocker Timothy , Akhrymuk Maryna , Akhrymuk Ivan , Panny Lauren , Bracci Nicole , Cafaro Raphaël , Sastre Danuta , Silberfarb Andrew , O’Maille Paul , Omichinski James , Kehn-Hall Kylene
Published: March 2024

Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a viral zoonosis that causes severe disease in ruminants and humans. The nonstructural small (NSs) protein is the primary virulence factor of RVFV that suppresses the host’s antiviral innate immune response. Bioinformatic analysis and AlphaFold structural modeling identified four putative LC3-interacting regions (LIR) motifs (NSs 1–4) in the RVFV NSs protein, which suggest that NSs interacts with the host LC3-family proteins. Using, isothermal titration calorimetry, X-ray crystallography, co-immunoprecipitation, and co-localization experiments, the C-terminal LIR motif (NSs4) was confirmed to interact with all six human LC3 proteins. Phenylalanine at position 261 (F261) within NSs4 was found to be critical for the interaction of NSs with LC3, retention of LC3 in the nucleus, as well as the inhibition of autophagy in RVFV infected cells. These results provide mechanistic insights into the ability of RVFV to overcome antiviral autophagy through the interaction of NSs with LC3 proteins.
Papillary thyroid cancer in young people (clinical case)
Authors: Bektaeva I. S. , Omarova M. M.
Published: March 2024

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Difficulties in diagnosing ACTH-ectopic syndrome
Authors: Budur N. A. , Komerdus I. V. , Ilovaiskaya I. A. , Zakharova P. A.
Published: March 2024

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Transcriptomic profiling of a tissue sample of neuroendocrine cancer with unknown primary localization in order to clarify the diagnosis and select options for antitumor therapy
Authors: Alekseeva A. O. , Zolotovskaya M. A. , Buzdin A. A.
Published: March 2024

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Clinical case of joint detection of NRAS mutation and RET/PTC1 translocation in follicular variant of papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Golubeva A. A. , Utkina M. V. , Popov S. V. , Shifman B. M. , Bondarenko E. V. , Abdulkhabirova F. M. , Platonova N. M.
Published: March 2024

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Insulinoma as the first manifestation of MEN 1 syndrome in a 16-year-old patient
Authors: Jamaludinova A. A. , Yanar E. A.
Published: March 2024

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Features of PD-L1 and IL-17A levels in the blood of children and adolescents
Authors: Kirilina I. V. , Shestopalov A. V. , Rumyantsev S. A.
Published: March 2024

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Change in the regulatory role of ligand 1 of the protein of programmed cell death (PD-L1) in different phenotypes of obesity
Authors: Kolesnikova I. M. , Shatova O. P. , Rumyantsev S. A. , Shestopalov A. V.
Published: March 2024

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Problems of morphological diagnosis of hormonally inactive pituitary tumors
Authors: Lapshina A. M. , Boldina N. V.
Published: March 2024

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A clinical case of aggressive somatotropinoma in a patient after previously performed surgical treatment
Authors: Lisina D. V. , Pigarova E. A. , Dzeranova L. K. , Grigoriev A. Yu. , Lapshina A. M.
Published: March 2024

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Epidemiology of neuroendocrine tumors on the example of the registry of the Moscow Clinical Research Center named after A.S. Loginov
Authors: Mamedov I. Ya.o. , Feydorov I. Yu.
Published: March 2024

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A clinical case of the use of peptide-receptor radionuclide therapy in the treatment of metastatic highly differentiated neuroendocrine pancreatic tumor
Authors: Mamedov I. Ya.o. , Feydorov I. Yu.
Published: March 2024

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Prevalence of neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract
Authors: Mamedov I. Ya.o. , Feydorov I. Yu. , Bikeikina T. M.
Published: March 2024

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Parathyroid cancer: clinical observation
Authors: Matesius I. Yu. , Eremenko T. V. , Smirnykh M. Yu. , Musevich K. D.
Published: March 2024

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Universal histological system for assessing the malignancy potential of tumors of the adrenal cortex in adults
Authors: Pachuashvili N. V. , Porubaeva E. E. , Elfimova A. R. , Urusova L. S.
Published: March 2024

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Clinical case of a patient with acromegaly and PEComa
Authors: Perepelova M. A. , Ankina V. D. , Pigarova E. A. , Przhialkovskaya E. G. , Dzeranova L. K.
Published: March 2024

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Radiation and mass spectrometric predictive markers of severe toxicity of antitumor drug therapy in patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Petrochenko D. V. , Bereznikova D. A. , Podolsky F. V. , Stanoevich I. V. , Khvostovoy V. V. , Stanoevich U.
Published: March 2024

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Diagnosis of mutations in the CYP21A2 gene
Authors: Podshivalova E. S. , Vetchinkina E. A. , Pogoda T. V. , Utkina M. V.
Published: March 2024

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An integrated approach to the diagnosis of adrenocortical cancer in a clinical diagnostic center
Authors: Prilepina E. V. , Aboyan I. A.
Published: March 2024

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Phenotype of NK cells after in vitro cultivation in the presence of feeder cells
Authors: Rybachuk V. A. , Mikhailovsky N. V. , Abakushina E. V. , Rumyantsev S. A.
Published: March 2024

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A clinical case of immuno-mediated endocrinopathies in a patient with a complete response of non-small cell lung cancer to immunotherapy
Authors: Sazonova D. V. , Kutakov N. M. , Lutsenko A. S. , Przhialkovskaya E. G.
Published: March 2024

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Paragangliomas and pheochromocytomas in children: the experience of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology
Authors: Utalieva D. T. , Yasko L. A. , Kletskaya I. S. , Grachev N. S. , Akhaladze D. G. , Likar Y. N. , Mareeva Y. M. , Shamanskaya T. V. , Kournikova M. A. , Kachanov D. Y.
Published: March 2024

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Development of a test system for the detection of chimeric genes (RETCCDC6, RET- NCOA4, ETV6-NTRK3) in differentiated forms of thyroid cancer
Authors: Filipovich E. S. , Gorodkova E. A. , Utkina M. V.
Published: March 2024

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Influence of game therapy on urinary incontinence patients: a systematic review
Authors: Anita Bellotto Leme Nagib  , Ricceto Cassio , Natália Miguel Martinho  , Paranhos Luiz Renato , Blumenberg Cauane , Pião Angelo Santiago , Souza Wender Batista de , Botelho Simone
Published: March 2024

This study performed a systematic review of game therapy effects on urinary incontinence patients. Eleven databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, SciELO, LILACS, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane library, LIVIVO, OpenGrey, OpenThesis, and OATD) were used as research sources. The search was conducted in January 2021 with the following keywords: urinary incontinence, urinary stress incontinence, pelvic floor muscle, pelvic floor training, virtual reality, game therapy, virtual reality exposure, and virtual reality therapy. The review included only clinical studies using game therapy for treating urinary incontinence in women without restrictions on language, year, and publication status. Only three studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. The extracted data comprised sample characteristics (the number of patients in each study and average age) and treatment characteristics (game type, associated therapies, treatment duration, evaluated objectives, and result-measuring methods). The methodological quality of the articles showed a low risk of bias. One-hour pad test values decreased in all studies, and ICIQ-SF scores reduced in two articles. One study reported treatment adherence (92%), and another showed neuropsychological index improvements. The reduction of urinary symptoms was similar between the group associating game therapy with treatment and the group using only conventional pelvic floor muscle training. Game therapy, as a resource of pelvic floor muscle training, seems beneficial to urinary incontinence, including decreased urinary symptoms, lower one-hour pad test scores, and neuropsychological index improvements.
Análise diatópica e diacrônica do uso do artigo definido antes de antropônimos
Authors: Souza Emerson Santos de
Published: March 2024

No português do Brasil, os nomes de pessoas podem ser utilizados sem a anteposição do artigo definido, como em “Ø Maria viajou”, ou com a presença desse determinante, como em “A Maria viajou”. Esse fenômeno variável distingue alguns dialetos do português brasileiro (Callou e Silva, 1997). Com base em Macedo-Costa (2016), é possível perceber que, na variedade baiana do século XIX, a presença do determinante era empregada numa proporção semelhante à do português europeu do século XVIII e não à do século XIX. Considerando que, nos dados de Callou e Silva (1997), São Paulo apresentou a maior proporção de emprego do determinante antes de antropônimos em comparação com as outras capitais que compõem o Projeto NURC, questiona-se se esse uso expressivo também ocorria nesse dialeto no século XIX, ou era semelhante aos dados da variedade baiana nesse mesmo período. Objetiva-se nesta pesquisa comparar a realização do artigo definido antes de nomes de pessoas entre as variedades baiana e paulista dos séculos XIX e XX a partir de uma amostra de 15 peças teatrais escritas por autores baianos e paulistas nascidos nos séculos XIX e XX. Os resultados obtidos a partir da plataforma R (R Core Team, 2023) sugerem haver diferenças dialetais e diacrônicas entre essas duas variedades quanto à referencialidade do antropônimo.
Expected benefits of administration of tannins extracted from Acacia seyal plants; a biochemical and traditional medicine overview
Authors: M. I Abdelgadir
Published: March 2024

This study was focused on expected benefits of administration of tannins extracted from Acacia seyal pants. Tannins have been used throughout history for their pharmacological properties as part of plants and herbs in traditional medicine. Tannins are a heterogeneous group of polyphenols, secondary metabolites in plants synthesized in response to biotic and abiotic stress inducers. The phenolic rings and hydroxyl groups present in their chemical structures confer them antioxidant and protein-binding properties. Study results clearly showed the presence of tannins significantly (p≤0.05) in Acacia seyal plants, compared to control. There are many sources of tannins. Tannins, which are of great importance in traditional medicine can be extracted from numerous trees and small bushes rich in tannins.
Intermolecular interactions, spectroscopic and theoretical investigation of 4-aminoacetophenone
Authors: Rocha Mariana , Di Santo Alejandro , Ben Altabef Aida , M. Gil Diego
Published: March 2024

The molecular structure of 4-aminoacetophenone (PAAP) was determined by DFT calculations using different basis sets. The structural parameters, electronic properties and vibrational wavenumbrers of the optimized geometry have been determined. The vibrational wave-numbers of the fundamental modes of the title compound have been precisely assigned and analyzed and the theoretical results are compared with the experimental vibrations observing a very good correlation. TD-DFT approach was applied to assign the electronic transitions ob-served in the experimental UV-vis spectrum. The molecular electrostatic potential map was used to identify the possible electrophilic and nucleophilic sites. Natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis and atoms in molecules (AIM) approach are applied in order to quantify the relative strength of hydrogen bonding interactions and to account their effect on the stabilities of molecular arrangements. In addition, a detailed exploration of the intermolecular interactions that stabilizes the crystal packing has been performed by using the Hirshfeld surface analysis.Â Â Â
Effect of hydrogen ion concentration and adsorbent dosage on the removal of heavy metals from metal scrap effluents using activated carbon from African palm fruit
Authors: Abdullahi Zalihat , Hussaini Kamaludeen , Abdulrazak Sani , Hashimu Yau Abdulwahab
Published: March 2024

This study details the production of activated carbon from African palm fruit and subsequent treatment of heavy metals; Cadmium, Copper, Nickel, and Lead in wastewater effluent with the produced activated carbon from a metal scrap market in the heart of Kaduna state, Nigeria, which constitutes high level of pollution in the environment. Hydrogen ion concentration and adsorbent dosage were determined on water treatment quality using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The produced activated carbon showed a significant ability in removing heavy metals; Cadmium, Copper, Nickel, and Lead from samples of the wastewater. Higher efficiencies were observed with increase in adsorbent dosage (99.73 Â± 0.265, 95.96 Â± 0.053, 99.91 Â± 0.085, and 95.12 Â± 0.035 % at 2.5 g for Cadmium, Copper, Nickel, and Lead, respectively) and at a pH of 6 (99.61 Â± 0.182 and 80.31 Â± 0.015 % for Cadmium and Lead, respectively) and at a pH of 8 ( 99.79 Â± 0.201 and 99.73 Â± 0.252 for copper and nickel respectively). This findings show that African palm fruit can be utilized to produce activated carbon used in removal heavy metals from effluent water, representing an effective means of utilizing agricultural residues and also an alternative to the expensive commercial activated carbon.Â Â
Integrating Islam on geometry student worksheets to facilitate mathematical and religious literacy of junior high school students
Authors: Masamah Ulfa , Zain Nurmalia Khoirunisa , Salsabila Anisah , Maulidani Muhammad
Published: March 2024

This study aims to analyze the validity level, practicality level, effectiveness and influence of the Islamic integrated Geometry Student worksheet on mathematical literacy and religious literacy of junior high school students. The research method used in this study is Research and Development with the ADDIE development design, namely Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The subject of the product assessment for the feasibility of the Islamic Integrated Geometry Student Worksheet (students worksheets) is limited to four experts: learning and language design experts, media and graphic design experts, mathematics materials experts and Islamic integration, as well as school mathematics teaching practitioners. The subjects related to the product trial were all class VIII MTs Surya Buana Malang City students. The research instruments used were interview guidelines, validation sheets, observation sheets, student and teacher response questionnaires, mathematical literacy tests, and religious literacy questionnaires. Qualitative data analysis was carried out according to Miles & Hubberman's steps, including data reduction, data display, and conclusion. Quantitative data in validity and practicality are presented as percentages and categories. This research produces a product in the form of an Islamic integrated geometry student worksheet. The validation results show that the Islamic Integrated Geometry Student Worksheet meets the valid criteria of 89.21%. Student responses showed that the Islamic integrated student worksheet product was very practical, with a percentage of 86.56%. At the same time, the teacher assessed that this student's worksheets were very practical, with a percentage of 86.67%. The results of the effectiveness test obtained an average of 85.68%, while the results of the t-test from the pretest and posttest obtained a Sig value. 0.001 and a Sig value of 0.004 for religious literacy. Thus, there is a significant difference between before and after using the Islamic Integrated geometry student worksheet on students' mathematical and religious literacy.
Pengembangan Aktivitas pada Desmos Guna Memfasilitasi dalam Memahami Konsep Himpunan Penyelesaian
Authors: Botta Elfrida Eufraziana , Setiawan Yohanes Agung , Deskania Imelda Ceria , Apriani Maria Suci
Published: March 2024

Peneliti mendapati sebuah masalah matematika pada peserta didik dalam pemahaman konsep di materi program linier. Oleh karena itu, peneliti mencari solusi agar pemahaman konsep peserta didik pada materi program linier dapat teratasi. Pada penelitian ini peneliti menawarkan solusi berupa media pembelajaran materi program linear berbasis aplikasi Desmos. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan yang mengikuti metode ADDIE: Analisis, Desain, Pengembangan, Implementasi, dan Evaluasi. Sementara itu dalam pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan dengan wawancara tidak terstruktur kepada beberapa siswa dan guru kelas XI SMA. Hasil validasi terhadap produk dilakukan oleh beberapa para ahli, dihasilkan dengan ahli yang pertama yaitu ahli materi menilai 75 persen dengan hasil produk dikategorikan valid serta pada ahli media menilai juga  71 persen produk yang dikembangkan memiliki kategori valid. Selain itu, menurut penilaian siswa yang telah menggunakan produk mengungkapkan bahwa produk yang dihasilkan sebesar 83 persen dikatakan praktis.
Pengaruh Pendekatan Faded Example secara Kolaboratif terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah dan Cognitive Load
Authors: Borahima Dea Qurrotaa'yun Putri Maharani , Endah Retnowati
Published: March 2024

Kemampuan pemecahan masalah sebagai salah satu tujuan pembelajaran matematika yang menjadi perhatian para guru karena memfasilitasi siswa untuk lancar dalam memecahkan masalah memerlukan strategi tertentu. Sementara itu, pembelajaran matematika juga bertujuan memfasilitasi siswa untuk berinteraksi dengan siswa lain dalam pembelajaran kolaboratif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakah strategi pembelajaran faded example dapat diterapkan dalam pembelajaran kolaboratif, khususnya untuk materi dengan tingkat intrinsic cognitive load relatif rendah. Di dalam desain faded example, siswa belajar dengan melengkapi langkah-langkah pemecahan masalah secara bertahap. Di dalam desain problem solving only, siswa hanya diberi masalah matematika untuk dipecahkan tanpa ada stimulasi langkah-langkah pemecahan tertentu. Melalui randomisasi individu beserta eksperimen desain faktorial 2 x 2, terbentuk empat kelompok yaitu: siswa dengan strategi pembelajaran (1) faded example secara kolaboratif, (2) faded example secara individu, (3) problem solving secara kolaboratif, dan (4) problem solving secara individu. Dengan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi pembelajaran dalam desain faded example atau problem solving sama efektifnya dalam hal memfasilitasi penguasaan kemampuan pemecahan masalah, dan juga menghasilkan tingkat cognitive yang sama; baik ketika dipelajari secara kolaboratif maupun individu. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa apabila materi pemecahan masalah memuat kompleksitas yang rendah, guru dapat memilih menggunakan desain faded example sebagai alternatif desain problem solving. Guru juga dapat memilih strategi kolaboratif karena hasil kemampuan yang dicapai pun tidak lebih rendah jika menggunakan strategi individu.
Pre-Service Teachers’ Inquisitiveness in Mathematics Learning
Authors: Umah Ulumul , Rahmawati Ana
Published: March 2024

Inquisitiveness is a critical thinking disposition that is important in the inquiry process because it relates to the tendency to ask questions. However, studies on inquisitiveness in the domain of mathematics learning are still limited. Several previous studies have only explained inquisitiveness based on general attitudes without involving the context of the field of mathematics. This study aims to describe the inquisitiveness of mathematics prospective teacher students which is showed in asking questions. This research is a qualitative research with prospective teacher students at Universitas Pesantren Tinggi Darul Ulum as the participants. The research data was collected through tests, observations, and interviews. The results of the study show that the tendency of prospective mathematics teacher students to ask effective questions when responding to information in mathematical problems is still low. Prospective teachers cannot always ask questions even if they do not understand the rationale behind a statement. Another finding from this study is that even though prospective teachers can ask questions in discussion, their questions cannot meet the inquisitiveness criteria because they are less successful in developing in-depth understanding.
Trauma de face associado ao traumatismo cranioencefálico
Authors: Abreu Gabriela Laterça da Silva , Bezerra Kelly Tambasco , Sousa Guilherme Galdino de , Braz Gustavo Gaffrée , Miranda Águida Maria Menezes Aguiar
Published: March 2024

Introdução: Traumatismos faciais frequentemente ocorrem associados a outras lesões, como traumas torácicos, abdominais, lesões em extremidades e, principalmente, traumatismos cranioencefálicos. A proximidade e a íntima relação entre as estruturas da face e do crânio justificam a associação entre a presença de fraturas faciais e lesões cerebrais. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho é discutir a importância da abordagem conjunta entre as equipes de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Faciais e Neurocirurgia, apresentando o relato de caso de um paciente com fratura fronto-orbitária com afundamento e comprometimento da tábua posterior do seio frontal, e presença de pneumoencéfalo. Relato de caso: O tratamento consistiu no acesso bicoronal, seguido de esquirrilectomia e cranialização pela equipe de Neurocirurgia, e reconstrução da parede anterior do osso frontal pela equipe de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Buco-Maxilo-Faciais, por meio de osteossíntese com placas e parafusos. Conclusões: Foi realizado o adequado reposicionamento ósseo e o contorno normal da região frontal foi restabelecido. Após três meses de pós-operatório, o paciente seguiu sem queixas e com bom resultado estético e funcional.
Abordagem cirúrgica em fratura subcondilar com luxação articular: relato de caso
Authors: Cunha Mariana Pires da , Pereira Bárbara Leão , Mourão Carlos Fernando , Pereira Rodrigo dos Santos
Published: March 2024

Introdução: Fraturas do processo condilar na cirurgia maxilofacial, resultantes de diversos eventos traumáticos, comprometem significativamente a qualidade de vida, afetando não apenas aspectos físicos, mas também emocionais e socioeconômicos. Essas lesões geram sintomas como dores articulares, maloclusão e trismus. A classificação dessas fraturas baseia-se na localização do traço de fratura, determinando opções terapêuticas que variam entre métodos não invasivos e intervenções cirúrgicas, especialmente em casos graves. Relato de caso: Paciente jovem, com 18 anos de idade, sofreu uma queda de bicicleta resultando em fratura subcondilar alta no processo condilar direito, além de uma fratura do processo coronoide ipsilateral. A redução aberta foi realizada com precisão cirúrgica, utilizando miniplacas e parafusos para fixação, após exposição do local e redução da luxação articular. O acompanhamento pós-operatório demonstrou reparo ósseo satisfatório após oito semanas, com melhora na abertura bucal, ausência de dor e retorno das funções oclusais. Conclusão: O tratamento cirúrgico é frequentemente essencial para fraturas com deslocamento significativo, permitindo recuperação anatômica precisa. Opções não cirúrgicas são consideradas em casos selecionados, demandando uma discussão detalhada com o paciente sobre os riscos e benefícios de cada abordagem terapêutica.
Aufgabenprofile im Wandel: Bibliotheken in der Nationalen Forschungsdateninfrastruktur
Authors: Kurzawe Daniel , Stein Regine
Published: March 2024

Wissenschaftliche Bibliotheken messen sich in der digitalen Welt mit einer Vielzahl von und auch global agierenden Informationsinfrastrukturen. Die mit der Digitalisierung einhergehenden neuen Nutzungswege und Anforderungen bringen eine umfassende Weiterentwicklung ihrer Aufgaben und Angebote mit sich. Als Infrastruktur- und Innovationspartnerinnen nehmen Bibliotheken dabei eine wichtige Rolle in der Nationalen Forschungsdateninfrastruktur (NFDI) ein.
Chemical composition and bioactivities of the methanol root extracts of Saussurea costus
Authors: Binobead Manal Abdulaziz , Aziz Ibrahim M. , Ibrahim Sobhy M. , Aljowaie Reem M.
Published: March 2024

Saussurea costus (S. costus) is a medicinal plant from the Asteraceae family that is widely used in traditional medicine in Saudi Arabia. This study examines S. costus root extract for its chemical composition and its antioxidant, anti-cancer, and antibacterial properties. The results of the study on the methanol root extract of S. costus reveal a rich chemical composition, as identified by GC-MS/FID analysis. The extract also showed high levels of total phenolic content (188.2 ± 2.1 mg GAE/g DM) and total flavonoid content (129 ± 2.6 mg QE/g DM). In antioxidant tests, the extract exhibited strong activity, with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 137.15 μg/mL for ABTS and 175.5 μg/mL for DPPH as compared to positive control’s IC50 values of 45.5 ± 0.3 μg/mL for ABTS and 55.3 ± 0.1 μg/mL for DPPH. The cytotoxic assessment against MCF-7 and A549 cell lines showed notable effects, particularly at higher concentrations. Additionally, the extract induced apoptosis in these cell lines, evidenced by changes in gene expression. Antibacterial tests revealed significant activity against various strains, with MIC values ranging from 7.81 to 125 μg/mL. The study underscores the importance of plant extracts in modern healthcare and suggests future research directions, including clinical applications and compound identification.
Revisiting Grudin’s eight challenges for developers of groupware technologies 30 years later
Authors: Duckert Melanie , Bjørn Pernille
Published: March 2024

In 1994, Jonathan Grudin wrote his famous paper Eight Challenges for Groupware Developers; The question is whether these challenges still persist, or have we moved on here 30 years later? We revisit the challenges empirically through ethnographic observations in two companies examining their work practices, organizational structure, and cooperative setups concerning their use of groupware technologies. Today, groupware is seamlessly integrated into organizations, considered essential infrastructure that becomes part of the daily work routine. Contextualizing the original challenges proposed by Grudin, we categorize them into cooperative challenges, social challenges, and organizational challenges, and refine their phrasings to reflect present and future considerations faced by developers of groupware technologies. While the main arguments of the social and organizational challenges remain consistent, we rephrase the cooperative challenges asemergent exception handlingandexaggerated accessibilityto reflect the emerging characteristics associated with the ubiquity and seamless integration of groupware.
Time to initiation of adjuvant chemotherapy and survival in patients with stage II and III rectal cancer not receiving total neoadjuvant therapy
Authors: Huai Siyuan , Zhao Xuanzhu , Wang Shuyuan , Li Hongzhou , Yuan Zhen , Pang Wenwen , Wang Wanting , Han Qiurong , Yao Yao , Chu Tianhao , Feng Zhiqiang , Liu Yanfei , Yan Suying , Jin Leixin , Zhang Qinghuai , Zhang Xipeng , Dong Xuetao , Xue Jun , Zhang Chunze
Published: March 2024

Objectives

While the delay in adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) is known to impact colon cancer outcomes, its effect on rectal cancer is less clear. This study aims to evaluate the influence of AC timing on survival in stage II and III rectal cancer.

Methods

This retrospective multicenter study enrolled 1,144 patients receiving chemotherapy following resection of stage II–III rectal cancers. The effect of delayed AC on survival was assessed using multivariable Cox models with restricted cubic splines and logistic regression.

Results

Compared to patients initiating AC within four weeks postsurgery, those initiating within 5–8 weeks had a similar survival (HR=0.85, 95 % CI=0.66–1.11), whereas those initiating within 8–12 weeks (HR=1.62, 95 % CI=1.05–2.51) or beyond 12 weeks (HR=2.07, 95 % CI=1.21–3.56) had a significantly inferior survival. A delayed time to chemotherapy (>8 weeks) was associated with worse survival in patients aged ≥60 years but not in younger patients (<60 years: HR=1.36; 95 % CI=0.75–2.46, p=0.312; ≥60 years: HR=2.37; 95 % CI=1.56–3.60, p<0.001). Additionally, our exploratory analysis suggested that FOLFOX and FOLFIRI were more effective when starting within 5–8 weeks post-surgery, while CAPEOX and a single agent showed a slight advantage when starting within four weeks.

Conclusions

Our findings advocate for initiating AC within eight weeks post-surgery in stage II–III rectal cancer, especially in older patients. Delayed treatment is linked to significantly worse survival outcomes.
Advances in understanding comproportionation and disproportionation in nickel catalysis
Authors: Day Craig S.
Published: March 2024

Disproportionation and comproportionation reactions have become routinely proposed events in modern synthetic endevours that use nickel catalysts. This new found appreciation from practitioners in the field for these electron transfer reactions has largely stemmed from our improved understanding of catalytic reactions. These studies have shown evidence of the ability of nickel complexes to occupy odd and even oxidation states which are critical to dictating reactivity. Comproportionation and disproportionation reactions shuttle nickel complexes between these oxidation states and are essential to the formation of either on-cycle or off-cycle species. This review will cover these fundamental reactions, and provide information about their role in catalysis.
Vallásos világelutasítás, kapitalizmus és szabadság
Authors: Tallár Ferenc
Published: March 2024

Tallár Ferenc ebben a szövegében egy olyan értelmezési keret kialakítására tesz kísérletet, amelyben az ún. nyugat történelmi fejlődésének kiindulópontját egy imaginárius mag, egy vallási képzelet születésével köti egybe, melynek újabb és újabb variációi máig – tehát a szekularizáció korában is – meghatározzák, hogy miként fordulunk a világhoz.
Conditioning for Strength, Power, and Aerobic Fitness for Specialist Police Tactical Groups
Authors: Orr Robin , Lockie Robert , Canetti Elisa F. D. , Black Johnathan , Robinson Jeremy , Dawes J. Jay , Schram Ben
Published: March 2024

Police officers serving in specialist Police Tactical Groups (PTG), including Special Weapons and Tactics teams, are called on to perform tasks in highly volatile and unpredictable situations beyond those of general duties police officers. In addition to carrying loads of 20–25 kg, these officers have, and require, levels of fitness above that of the civilian population, general duties police, and even elite athletes. Through the PTGs' occupational lifespan, from initial selection to operational duties, candidates and serving officers require strength (both absolute and relative), power, and metabolic fitness (aerobic and anaerobic) to pass selection, mitigate injury, and perform occupational tasks. Given the complexities of conditioning these officers, including shift work and unpredictable job demands, a conjugate block periodization approach may be of value. Evidence suggests that a block periodization approach of 3 to 4 mesocycles, including an accumulation phase, a transmutation phase, a realization phase, and potentially a deloading or recovery phase may ensure an adequate training stimulus for these specialist officers. This is especially the case when supported by a dedicated and experienced strength and conditioning coach.
Effect of Iron Ore and Copper Ore Tailings on Engineering Properties and Hydration Products of Sustainable Cement Mortar
Authors: Sumukh Ekkeri Prakash , Das Bibhuti Bhusan , Barbhuiya Salim
Published: March 2024

The prohibition of river sand mining has drawn the attention of researchers in finding practicable alternatives. In the approach of finding these alternatives, it is essential to ensure minimal or zero impairment to the ecological balance, which can be mainly attained by making use of industrial waste/byproducts. The wastes from the mining industry are the major contributors in causing impairment to the environment, and their influence on the stability of mortars on using as fine aggregates needs to be systematically investigated with the view of long-term performance concerns. Thus, the present study explores the applicability of mine tailings and finding the optimum dosage in cement mortars by investigating the engineering properties and microstructure development with the aid of qualitative and quantitative analysis associated with hydration products. The studies confirm that the increased consumption of portlandite for secondary hydration reactions followed by the additional formation of calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) and calcium aluminum silicate hydrate (CASH) phases in mine tailing-based mortars helped in achieving a quality microstructure. These additional formations of CSH and CASH phases are also confirmed through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy by identifying the shift of Si-O-Si stretching vibration bands toward a lower wavenumber. The lowering of calcium/silicate atomic ratio and increased formation of mineralogical compounds related to CSH and CASH in x-ray diffraction patterns also confirms the same. Gismondine, chabazite, and hillebrandite are the additional phases formed and found to take part in refining the pore structure. This enhanced performance of mine tailing mortars was also verified with the aid of a modified Andreasen and Andersen particle packing model. The formation of high-quality microstructure is reflected in the hardened properties of optimized cement mortar in the proportion of 20 % for iron ore tailing and 30 % for copper ore tailing.
Differential expression analysis identifies candidate synaptogenic molecules for wiring direction-selective circuits in the retina
Authors: Tworig J. , Morrie R. , Bistrong K. , Somaiya R. D. , Hsu S. , Liang J. , Cornejo K. , Feller M. B.
Published: March 2024

An organizational feature of neural circuits is the specificity of synaptic connections. A striking example is the direction-selective (DS) circuit of the retina. There are multiple subtypes of DS retinal ganglion cells (DSGCs) that prefer motion along one of 4 preferred directions. This computation is mediated by selective wiring of a single inhibitory interneuron, the starburst amacrine cell (SAC), with each DSGC subtype preferentially receiving input from a subset of SAC processes. We hypothesize that the molecular basis of this wiring is mediated in part by unique expression profiles of DSGC subtypes. To test this, we first performed paired recordings from isolated mouse retina of both sexes to determine that postnatal day 10 (P10) represents the age at which asymmetric synapses form. Second, we performed RNA-sequencing and differential expression analysis on isolated P10 ON-OFF DSGCs tuned for either nasal or ventral motion and identified candidates which may promote direction-specific wiring. We then used a conditional knockout strategy to test the role of one candidate, the secreted synaptic organizer cerebellin-4 (Cbln4), in the development of DS tuning. Using two-photon calcium imaging, we observed a small deficit in directional tuning among ventral-preferring DSGCs lacking Cbln4, though whole-cell voltage clamp recordings did not identify a significant change in inhibitory inputs. This suggests that Cbln4 does not function primarily via a cell-autonomous mechanism to instruct wiring of DS circuits. Nevertheless, our transcriptomic analysis identified unique candidate factors for gaining insights into the molecular mechanisms that instruct wiring specificity in the DS circuit.

Significance StatementBy performing mRNA transcriptome analysis on three populations of direction-selective ganglion cells - two preferring horizontal motion and one preferring vertical motion - we identified differentially expressed candidate molecules potentially involved in cell subtype-specific synaptogenesis within this circuit. We tested the role of one differentially expressed candidate, Cbln4, enriched in ventral-preferring DSGCs. Using a targeted knockout approach, the deletion of Cbln4 led to a small reduction in direction-selective tuning while maintaining dendritic morphology and normal strength and asymmetry of inhibitory synaptic transmission. Overall, we have shown that this approach can be used to identify interesting candidate molecules, and future functional studies are required to reveal the mechanisms by which these candidates influence synaptic wiring within specific circuits.
Pupillary responses reflect dynamic changes in multiple cognitive factors during associative learning in primates
Authors: Zhang (张艳歌) Yange , Wang (王天) Tian , Dai (戴伟枫) Weifeng , Li (李洋) Yang , Yang (杨祎) Yi , Wu (武宇洁) Yujie , Huang (黄见操) Jiancao , Zhou (周婷婷) Tingting , Xing (邢大军) Dajun
Published: March 2024

Associative learning involves complex interactions of multiple cognitive factors. While adult subjects can articulate these factors verbally, for model animals such as macaques, we rely on behavioural outputs. In our study, we used pupillary responses as an alternative measure to capture these underlying cognitive changes. We recorded the dynamic changes in the pupils of three male macaques when they learned the associations between visual stimuli and reward sizes under the classical Pavlovian experimental paradigm. We found that during the long-term learning process, the gradual changes in the pupillary response reflect the changes in the cognitive state of the animals. The pupillary response can be explained by a linear combination of components corresponding to multiple cognitive factors. These components reflect the impact of visual stimuli on the pupils, the prediction of reward values associated with the visual stimuli, and the macaques’ understanding of the current experimental reward rules. The changing patterns of these factors during interday and intraday learning clearly demonstrate the enhancement of current reward-stimulus association and the weakening of previous reward-stimulus association. Our study shows that the dynamic response of pupils can serve as an objective indicator to characterize the psychological changes of animals, understand their learning process, and provide important tools for exploring animal behaviour during the learning process.

Significance StatementThis study aimed to understand animal learning by observing their behaviour. By recording macaque monkeys’ pupillary responses during a reward-based learning process lasting 2-3 months, researchers found that the dynamic changes in pupillary responses can be influenced by both external and internal factors, which can be explained by a linear combination of components corresponding to multiple factors. This study validates the effectiveness of using pupillary measurements to capture cognitive factors at different time scales, ranging from short term (hours) to long term (months), for the first time. This study provides valuable insights for a deeper understanding of animal learning processes and has significant implications for the application of pupillary responses in medicine, education, and scientific research.
Psychological and Pedagogical Readiness of Future Officers to Perform Service and Combat Missions of the Troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Andronnikova Olga O.
Published: March 2024

This article examines issues related to the role of psychological and pedagogical training in the formation of the readiness of future officers to perform service and combat missions of the troops of the National Guard of the Russian Federation. Based on the analysis of literature and research, it was concluded that psychological and pedagogical training plays an important role in shaping the readiness of future officers for service and combat tasks. The components of readiness are professional competence, personal maturity and motivation. Psychological and pedagogical training is aimed at developing qualities such as stress resistance, determination, leadership, communication skills, self-confidence and others that are necessary for the successful performance of military duties.
Features of the Relationship between Volitional Regulation and Leadership Qualities among Cadets of a Military University: Theoretical Excursion
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Kuzmina Natalya V. , Fedorishin Mikhail I. ,   2,3Novosibirsk Military Order of Zhukov Institute Named after Army General I. K. Yakovlev of the National Guard of the Russian Federation, Malyuta Vasily I. ,   2,3Novosibirsk Military Order of Zhukov Institute Named after Army General I. K. Yakovlev of the National Guard of the Russian Federation
Published: March 2024

The article presents attempts to analyze the relationship between volitional regulation and leadership potential among cadets of higher military institutions, identifies the problem of the lack of scientific work on this topic, provides a theoretical analysis of the concepts of volitional regulation and leadership, as well as their importance for cadets to develop according to the requirements of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation for successful professional activity. The specifics of studying at a military university are outlined. The importance of volitional regulation and leadership potential in their interrelation and in the context of further military service and career among graduates of military universities is analyzed.
The Situation of Violence, Human Development and Destruction: a Philosophical Aspect
Authors:   1Moscow Institute of Psychoanalysis, Mordas Ekaterina S.
Published: March 2024

The article integrates a sociological and psychoanalytic approach to understanding the phenomenon of violence in human life. The sociological approach in the ideas of R. Collins makes it possible to see how the destructive nature of man is realized in an act of violence, the role of the situation: space and time, confrontation and tension, fear, panic and dominance as elements of violent action. Psychoanalytic understanding of the phenomenon of violence is connected with the psychological deep nature of destructive drives and desires of a person (Thanatos, hatred, death drive, destructive aggression, the desire to kill and be killed, narcissism of death, pleasure from sadism). There are quite a lot of opportunities to realize the destructive potential of a person. Referring to R. Collins, we are talking about sanctioned and unauthorized violence, symbolic and real violence, violence in entertainment. In any case, as the author notes, it is difficult to commit real violence, since it contradicts such human properties as the desire for solidity with the group, emotional involvement, exchange of emotional energy, support of social and emotional ties.
Territorial Government Communications Agencies Military Personnel Professional Motivation Specifics
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Golovanov Anatoly V.
Published: March 2024

The article presents the results of an empirical study of the military personnel professional activity specifics. The relevance of this work is determined. Its purpose, hypothesis, theoretical and practical significance, as well as theoretical and methodological justifications are indicated. The theory of self-determination (SDT) by E. Desi and R. Ryan is briefly described. The base and sample of the study are described. The used psychodiagnostics techniques are presented, the methods of mathematical and statistical processing of the obtained data are listed. The significant differences and interrelations found during the study are listed, statistical data, their psychological interpretation and possible explanation are presented. Conclusions are drawn about the possible prospects for further empirical research in this area.
Analisis Kemampuan Multipel Representasi Siswa MAN 2 Jombang Ditinjau dari Perbedaan Jenis Kelamin pada Materi Larutan Elektrolit dan Non Elektrolit
Authors: Ijtihadah Mustabsyirotul , Ardhana Ivan Ashif
Published: March 2024

Pemahaman siswa mengenai larutan elektrolit dan non-elektrolit penting dalam kimia. Representasi makroskopis, sub-mikroskopik, dan simbolik diperlukan untuk memahami konsep ini. Namun, di MAN 2 Jombang belum ada analisis kemampuan multipel representasi siswa pada materi tersebut. Analisis tersebut diperlukan sebagai evaluasi untuk perbaikan pembelajaran ke depan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini meliputi: 1) mendeskripsikan perbedaan kemampuan multipel representasi siswa laki-laki dan perempuan. 2) mengetahui adanya signifikansi pada perbedaan kemampuan multipel representasi antara siswa laki-laki dan perempuan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan ex-post facto dengan jenis penelitian kausal komparatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode tes. Instrumen yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berjumlah 10 soal berupa pilihan ganda beralasan yang telah divalidasi ahli dan uji empiris serta terintegrasi pada kerangka kerja Definition, Algorithmic, Conceptual (DAC). Teknik analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah analisis statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 1) Terdapat perbedaan nilai rata-rata siswa laki-laki dan perempuan pada setiap indikator. 2) hasil analisis uji T Independet didapatkan nilai sig = 0,868 0,05 yang berarti bahwa tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara kemampuan multipel representasi siswa laki-laki dan perempuan. Dengan demikian, perlu adanya peningkatan kemampuan multipel representasi siswa dan guru perlu memberikan perlakuan yang berbeda pada siswa sesuai dengan potensi yang dimiliki siswa.