bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence, Clinical Characteristics, Long-Term Course, and Comparison of Progressive and Nonprogressive Cases of Aphthous-Type Crohn's Disease: A Single-Center Cohort Study
Authors: Tsurumi Kozue , Matsui Toshiyuki , Hirai Fumihito , Takatsu Noritaka , Yano Yutaka , Hisabe Takashi , Sato Yuho , Beppu Takahiro , Fujiwara Shoko , Ishikawa Satoshi , Matsushima Yu , Okado Yuki , Ono Yoichiro , Yoshizawa Naoyuki , Nagahama Takashi , Takaki Yasuhiro , Yao Kenshi , Iwashita Akinori
Published: June 2013

Background/Aims: In Japan, aphthous-type Crohn's disease (type A CD) is thought to represent an early phase of Crohn's disease (CD), and diagnosis of type A CD is possible in the diagnostic criteria for CD in Japan. However, the details of type A CD are not well understood. Methods: Subjects comprised 649 CD patients diagnosed between 1985 and 2011. The incidence of type A CD over time was clarified in two periods (1985-2004 and 2005-2011). The course of type A CD was also investigated, and cases that did and did not progress to typical CD were compared. Results: No significant difference was seen in the incidence of type A CD between the two periods (5.2 vs. 8.5%, p = 0.125). Type A CD patients followed at our hospital progressed to typical CD at a rate of 59.3%. In comparing progressive and nonprogressive cases, the frequency of large, densely distributed aphthous lesions in the small intestine was higher among progressive cases (p = 0.018). Conclusion: Type A CD is an early phase of CD, and CD diagnostic criteria including early cases are valid in Japan.
Anti-Xa Activity Supports Using a Simple Dosing Algorithm for Tinzaparin for Anticoagulation in Hemodialysis
Authors: Kirwan Christopher J. , Baig Zahid F. , Platton Sean , MacCullum Peter K. , Ashman Neil
Published: June 2013

Background: Unfractionated heparin has been traditionally used for anticoagulation during hemodialysis (HD), but more recently low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) is being used as an alternative. Anti-Xa activity can be measured as a surrogate of LMWH efficacy. We present 52 patients treated with tinzaparin anticoagulation on HD, confirming that fixed dosing is safe and efficacious with sound pharmacodynamic reason in relation to anti-Xa profiling. Methods: We undertook a prospective audit in a single dialysis unit. All patients were established on a simple anticoagulation protocol for at least 1 month prior to the audit. Blood anti-Xa activity was measured at time 0, 30, 60 and 120 min into and at the end of HD. Efficacy and safety data were collected on the study day and the two sessions before and after it. Results: Fifty-two patients were included in the efficacy and safety analysis with 43 patients undergoing anti-Xa analysis (9 sampling errors). Using current consensus (an end-HD anti-Xa activity of <0.4 IU/ml), our fixed-dose protocol resulted in satisfactory safety in all patients tested. Of 260 HD sessions, 10 (4%) had reduced tinzaparin efficacy. During 105 dialysis sessions (21 patients) using an arteriovenous fistula, 4 patients had one episode of minor bleeding and there were 6 episodes (2 patients) of post-needle-compression time greater than 15 min. Conclusion: Tinzaparin administered thrice weekly as a fixed dose has good efficacy and is well tolerated as an anticoagulant during HD when used according to our protocol.
Atypical Presentation of a Pigmented Oncocytoma of the Caruncle: A Case Report
Authors: Di Nicola Maura , Miserocchi Elisabetta , Rizzo Nathalie , Grantoza Charlene L. , Bandello Francesco , Modorati Giulio
Published: June 2013

We report an unusual case of a pigmented oncocytoma of the caruncle. The lesion presented the following atypical features: a well-circumscribed, partially pigmented, and lobulated mass that macroscopically resembled a caruncular nevus. However, an excision biopsy revealed an oncocytoma instead. Thus, although nevi are the most common lesions found in the caruncle, oncocytoma should also be considered in the differential diagnosis of a pigmented caruncular mass, especially in elderly female patients.
Serrated Margins in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Keratitis
Authors: Ishikawa Eri , Suzuki Takashi , Yamaguchi Satoshi , Inoue Tomoyuki , Uno Toshihiko , Ohashi Yuichi
Published: June 2013

Purpose: To describe 3 cases of culture-positive P. aeruginosa keratitis, who presented with a focus having serrated margins. Methods: Observational case report. Results: Three cases wearing contact lenses complained of symptoms such as pain, redness, and a decrease in vision. Slit-lamp biomicroscopic examination revealed a focus with serrated margins in all cases. The patients underwent corneal scraping for cultures, which confirmed the presence of P. aeruginosa. All 3 patients were treated with a combination of fluoroquinolone and tobramycin, 6-8 times per day. Corneal defects and infiltration disappeared within 2 weeks after initiating the therapy. Conclusion: Serrated margins may also be a characteristic initial presentation of P. aeruginosa keratitis.
Infective Endocarditis After Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Replacement Using the Melody Valve
Authors: McElhinney Doff B. , Benson Lee N. , Eicken Andreas , Kreutzer Jacqueline , Padera Robert F. , Zahn Evan M.
Published: June 2013

Background—

Transcatheter (percutaneous) pulmonary valve (TPV) replacement has emerged as a viable therapy for right ventricular outflow tract conduit dysfunction. Little is known about the incidence, clinical course, and outcome of infective endocarditis (IE) after TPV implant. We reviewed combined data from 3 ongoing prospective multicenter trials to evaluate the experience with IE among patients undergoing TPV replacement using the Melody valve.

Methods and Results—

Any clinical episode reported by investigators as IE with documented positive blood cultures and fever, regardless of TPV involvement, was considered IE. Cases were classified as TPV-related if there was evidence of vegetations on or new dysfunction of the TPV. The 3 trials included 311 patients followed for 687.1 patient-years (median, 2.5 years). Sixteen patients were diagnosed with IE 50 days to 4.7 years after TPV implant (median, 1.3 years), including 6 who met criteria for TPV-related IE: 3 with vegetations, 2 with TPV dysfunction, and 1 with both. The annualized rate of a first episode of IE was 2.4% per patient-year and of TPV-related IE was 0.88% per patient-year. Freedom from TPV-related IE was 97±1% 4 years after implant. All patients were treated with intravenous antibiotics, 4 had the valve explanted, and 2 received a second TPV. There was 1 sepsis-related death, 1 patient died of sudden hemoptysis, and 2 patients developed recurrent IE.

Conclusions—

Bacterial endocarditis has occurred in all 3 prospective multicenter studies of the Melody valve in North America and Europe. Most cases did not involve the TPV and responded to antibiotics. More data are necessary to understand risk factors in this population.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifiers: NCT00740870, NCT01186692, and NCT00688571.
Transulnar Compared With Transradial Artery Approach as a Default Strategy for Coronary Procedures
Authors: Hahalis George , Tsigkas Grigorios , Xanthopoulou Ioanna , Deftereos Spyridon , Ziakas Antonios , Raisakis Konstantinos , Pappas Christos , Sourgounis Aggelos , Grapsas Nikos , Davlouros Periklis , Galati Anastasia , Plakomyti Theodora-Eleni , Mylona Panagiota , Styliadis Ioannis , Pyrgakis Vlassis , Alexopoulos Dimitrios
Published: June 2013

Background—

The ulnar artery is rarely selected for coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention despite the expanding use of the transradial approach. We aimed to establish noninferiority of a default transulnar relative to transradial approach in terms of feasibility and safety.

Methods and Results—

This was a prospective, randomized, multicenter, parallel-group study involving 902 patients at 5 sites eligible to undergo diagnostic coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention. Patients were randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either transradial approach (reference intervention) or transulnar approach (experimental intervention) regardless of the Allen test results. The primary end point was a composite of cross-over to another arterial access, major adverse cardiovascular events, and major vascular events of the arm at 60 days. The study was prematurely terminated after the first interim analysis because of inferiority of the transulnar approach. Although the difference in the primary end point became inconclusive after adjustment for operator clustering (24.30%; 99.99% confidence interval [CI], −7.98% to 56.58%;
P
=0.03 at α=0.0001), need for cross-over in the transulnar group remained inferior to transradial access site with a difference of 26.34% (95% CI, 11.96%–40.69%;
P
=0.004).

Conclusions—

As a result of higher cross-over rates, a first-line transulnar strategy was proven inferior to the transradial approach for coronary procedures. At present, the transulnar route should not be regarded as an acceptable alternative to the transradial access site.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique identifier: NCT01364532.
Can Hospital Discharge Databases Be Used to Follow Ischemic Stroke Incidence?
Authors: Haesebaert Julie , Termoz Anne , Polazzi Stéphanie , Mouchoux Christelle , Mechtouff Laura , Derex Laurent , Nighoghossian Norbert , Schott Anne-Marie
Published: June 2013

Background and Purpose—

Because acute ischemic strokes (ISs) are mainly hospitalized, hospital discharge data could be used to routinely follow their incidence management. We aimed to assess sensitivity and positive predictive value of the French hospital discharge database (HDD) to identify patients with acute IS using a prospective and exhaustive cohort (AVC69) of acute IS cases.

Methods—

A selection algorithm based on IS diagnosis coded with the
International Classification of Diseases
(
ICD-10
) and cerebral imaging codes was used to identify all hospital stays with the primary diagnosis of IS in the HDD of the university hospitals of the Rhône area. Cases identified through HDD search were compared with IS cases identified through an exhaustive cohort study conducted in the Rhône district and confirmed on medical records review.

Results—

There were 465 confirmed cases of IS hospitalized in 1 of the 4 university hospitals during the study period. The HDD search identified 313 among those (true-positive cases) but missed 152 cases (false-negative cases). The sensitivity of the HDD search was 67.3% (95% confidence interval, 63.1–71.5), and the positive predictive value was 95.1% (95% confidence interval, 92.8–97.4). Additionally, HDD search retrieved 16 cases, which were not eventually IS (false positives). Sensitivity was better when patients were hospitalized in neurological departments.

Conclusions—

The lack of sensitivity to identify acute IS patients through HDD search does not seem to be accurate enough to validate the use of these data for incidence estimates. Efforts have to be made to improve the coding quality.
Progression of Carotid Plaque Volume Predicts Cardiovascular Events
Authors: Wannarong Thapat , Parraga Grace , Buchanan Daniel , Fenster Aaron , House Andrew A. , Hackam Daniel G. , Spence J. David
Published: June 2013

Background and Purpose—

Carotid ultrasound evaluation of intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque burden has been used for risk stratification and for evaluation of antiatherosclerotic therapies. Increasing evidence indicates that measuring plaque burden is superior to measuring IMT for both purposes. We compared progression/regression of IMT, total plaque area (TPA), and total plaque volume (TPV) as predictors of cardiovascular outcomes.

Methods—

IMT, TPA, and TPV were measured at baseline in 349 patients attending vascular prevention clinics; they had TPA of 40 to 600 mm
2
at baseline to qualify for enrollment. Participants were followed up for ≤5 years (median, 3.17 years) to ascertain vascular death, myocardial infarction, stroke, and transient ischemic attacks. Follow-up measurements 1 year later were available in 323 cases for IMT and TPA, and in 306 for TPV.

Results—

Progression of TPV predicted stroke, death or TIA (Kaplan-Meier logrank P=0.001), stroke/death/MI (P=0.008) and Stroke/Death/TIA/Myocardial infarction (any Cardiovascular event) (P=0.001). Progression of TPA weakly predicted Stroke/Death/TIA (P=0.097) but not stroke/death/MI (P=0.59) or any CV event (P=0.143); likewise change in IMT did not predict Stroke/Death/MI (P=0.13) or any CV event (P=0.455 ). In Cox regression, TPV progression remained a significant predictor of events after adjustment for coronary risk factors (P=0.001) but change in TPA did not. IMT change predicted events in an inverse manner; regression of IMT predicted events (P=0.004).

Conclusions—

For assessment of response to antiatherosclerotic therapy, measurement of TPV is superior to both IMT and TPA.
Prospective, Randomized, Open-Label Phase II Trial on Concomitant Intraventricular Fibrinolysis and Low-Frequency Rotation After Severe Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Etminan Nima , Beseoglu Kerim , Eicker Sven Oliver , Turowski Bernd , Steiger Hans-Jakob , Hänggi Daniel
Published: June 2013

Background and Purpose—

The goal of this randomized, open-label phase II study was to investigate the effect of concomitant low-frequency head-motion therapy and intraventricular fibrinolysis in patients after surgical or endovascular treatment for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Methods—

Sixty patients experiencing subarachnoid hemorrhage were randomized into treatment with intraventricular application of recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator and lateral rotational therapy (experimental) or treatment as usual (control). The primary end point was defined as functional outcome, measured by Glasgow Outcome Scale at discharge and at 3-month follow-up. Clot clearance rate, radiographic features of delayed cerebral ischemia, and posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus were defined as secondary end points.

Results—

The majority of patients (78.3%) experienced severe subarachnoid hemorrhage. Although there was a higher incidence of subgaleal hematomas in the experimental group, there was no difference in the incidence of adverse or severe adverse events between the 2 groups. Despite significantly higher clot clearance rates, there was no beneficial effect on the incidence of delayed cerebral ischemia and poor functional outcome, as well as posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus after experimental treatment.

Conclusions—

Despite the ineffectiveness on reduction of delayed cerebral ischemia or poor functional outcome, intraventricular fibrinolysis and kinetic therapy seems to be a safe and effective concept for therapeutic reduction of subarachnoid clot in a patient collective experiencing predominately severe subarachnoid hemorrhage. Therefore, future studies should investigate this treatment in a larger patient collective with a lower degree of primary brain injury and until full clot clearance on serial imaging.

Clinical Trial Registration—

URL:
http://www.controlled-trials.com
. Unique identifier: ICRCTN13230264.
Effect of bean sprout residue on the hatching and density of the soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines in soil
Authors: Toyota Koki , Goto Keita , Ito Daisuke
Published: June 2013

The effects of the application of bean sprout residue to soil on the soybean cyst nematode (SCN) Heterodera glycines were evaluated in pot experiments. When bean sprout residue was applied into a soil infested with SCN at a rate of 1%, the number of SCN second-stage juveniles (J2), measured with the Baermann method, increased after 14 days of application and then decreased markedly after 35 days, indicating that some J2 hatched in response to a stimulant in the bean sprout residue and then starved to death in the absence of a host. Next, bean sprout residue was applied two or four times and the number of SCN after 7 weeks was estimated with real-time PCR, which enables quantification of all the forms of SCN (eggs, J2, cysts). Results showed that the SCN density did not change in the untreated control, while it decreased by more than 70% in the residue treatment. Such a hatching-stimulatory and subsequent eradication effect was observed in the water extract of bean sprout residue. Among different parts of bean sprout, both of the stem and root parts had a higher stimulatory effect for hatching, while a stimulatory effect decreased in the stem part greened by culturing under light conditions. These results revealed that bean sprout residue might function as an environmental-friendly control measure for SCN.
Ammianus, Libanius, Chrysostomus, and the Martyrs of Antioch
Authors: Teitler H.C.
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Christian sources name several dozen Christian martyrs under Julian the Apostate. Six of these martyrs were according to such sources executed in Antioch during Julian’s stay in this city in 362-363 A.D. Pagan authors like Ammianus Marcellinus and Libanius are silent about their martyrdom, and about the persecution of Christians by Julian in general. It is examined in this article whether the Christian authors, among them John Chrysostom, represent historical reality more than Ammianus and Libanius do, and whether their writings can be adduced to prove that Julian was a persecutor.
Verifying the Family? A Comparison of DNA Analysis for Family Reunification in Three European Countries (Austria, Finland and Germany)
Authors: Heinemann Torsten , Naue Ursula , Tapaninen Anna-Maria
Published: June 2013

Abstract

This article explores and compares the legal frameworks and regulatory practices of the use of DNA analysis for family reunification in Austria, Finland, and Germany. Based on a document analysis, we first provide an overview of the international legislation for family reunification and analyse the situation in the European Union. We show that the three countries have significantly different legislative practices in place to regulate parental testing in immigration contexts and to verify family relations. We outline the key societal and political implications that are associated with these country specific forms of legislation and regulatory practices and highlight the ambivalent role of DNA analysis in family reunification.
Fortress Europe or Europe of Rights? The Europeanisation of Family Migration Policies in France, Germany and the Netherlands
Authors: Block Laura , Bonjour Saskia
Published: June 2013

Abstract

Are the restrictive reforms of family migration policy recently implemented in France, Germany and the Netherlands a result of the introduction of the Family Reunification Directive in 2003? Most existing literature on the Europeanisation of migration policies suggests that restriction-minded national governments shift decision-making to the EU level to escape domestic political and judicial constraints. However, as the Treaties of Amsterdam and Lisbon have empowered the Commission and Court to constrain restrictive reform, this perspective is losing analytical validity. Also, this perspective fails to capture the intensifying processes of policy transfer among Member States, which have inadequately been labelled ‘horizontal’ Europeanisation. We therefore propose a new, actor-centred analytical framework of Europeanisation. We show that contrasting yet parallel dynamics of Europeanisation may emanate from a single legislative instrument and may constrain and empower national governments at the same time.
Hoya soidaoensis (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae), a new species from southeastern Thailand
Authors: KIDYOO MANIT
Published: June 2013

Hoya soidaoensis is proposed as a new species from Khao Soi Dao, Chanthaburi Province, Southeastern (SE) Thailand. This newly revealed species is thoroughly described, discussed and illustrated. This species is related to the common species H. caudata and H. flagellata, but they have quite different leaves, flowers and habitats.
Classification of a clade of New World doves (Columbidae: Zenaidini)
Authors: BANKS RICHARD C. , WECKSTEIN JASON D. , REMSEN J. JR V. , JOHNSON KEVIN P.
Published: June 2013

To evaluate the role of the formation of the Central American land bridge in diversification of the American avifauna, Johnson and Weckstein (2011) reconstructed a phylogeny, using DNA sequence data from four gene regions, of 24 nominal species in three putative genera of New World doves. Although a systematic revision of these doves was not a primary purpose of their study, Johnson and Weckstein (2011) provided information that helps to re-evaluate the presumed relationships among the taxa included. Their analysis supported a hypothesis of monophyly for a group containing seven species currently (American Ornithologists’ Union [AOU] 1998, Gibbs et al. 2001, Dickinson 2003, Remsen et al. 2012) placed in the genus Zenaida Bonaparte, 1838, and for a group of 12 taxa in 6 species (of as many as 11 currently recognized species) in the genus Leptotila Swainson, 1837 (Gibbs et al. 2001, Dickinson 2003). However, the 11 species (of up to 16 [Dickinson 2003] or 18 [Gill and Wright 2006]) of the genus Geotrygon Gosse, 1847, occurred in three separate lineages (Johnson and Weckstein 2011: fig. 1), revealing that the genus is polyphyletic. Unfortunately, the type species of Geotrygon, G. versicolor (Lafresnaye), was excluded from their analysis because of the incomplete sequence data available for that species. The purposes of the current study are to provide molecular phylogenetic data for that species and for G. chrysia Bonaparte to determine which lineage includes G. versicolor, and to provide a taxonomic revision of the group. For the few species of the genus for which genetic data are not yet available, only tentative placement based on inference is possible.
Quantifying Errors due to Frequency Changes and Target Location Uncertainty for Radar Refractivity Retrievals
Authors: Nicol J. C. , Illingworth A. J. , Darlington T. , Kitchen M.
Published: June 2013

Radar refractivity retrievals can capture near-surface humidity changes, but noisy phase changes of the ground clutter returns limit the accuracy for both klystron- and magnetron-based systems. Observations with a C-band (5.6 cm) magnetron weather radar indicate that the correction for phase changes introduced by local oscillator frequency changes leads to refractivity errors no larger than 0.25 N units: equivalent to a relative humidity change of only 0.25% at 20°C. Requested stable local oscillator (STALO) frequency changes were accurate to 0.002 ppm based on laboratory measurements. More serious are the random phase change errors introduced when targets are not at the range-gate center and there are changes in the transmitter frequency (ΔfTx) or the refractivity (ΔN). Observations at C band with a 2-μs pulse show an additional 66° of phase change noise for a ΔfTx of 190 kHz (34 ppm); this allows the effect due to ΔN to be predicted. Even at S band with klystron transmitters, significant phase change noise should occur when a large ΔN develops relative to the reference period [e.g., ~55° when ΔN = 60 for the Next Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) radars]. At shorter wavelengths (e.g., C and X band) and with magnetron transmitters in particular, refractivity retrievals relative to an earlier reference period are even more difficult, and operational retrievals may be restricted to changes over shorter (e.g., hourly) periods of time. Target location errors can be reduced by using a shorter pulse or identified by a new technique making alternate measurements at two closely spaced frequencies, which could even be achieved with a dual–pulse repetition frequency (PRF) operation of a magnetron transmitter.
Transitions within and from ethno-linguistically mixed and endogamous first unions in Finland
Authors: Saarela Jan , Finnäs Fjalar
Published: June 2013

Utilizing longitudinal population register data from Finland, this study examines the influence of exogamy on transitions within and from first unions. The aim is to assess how ethno-linguistically mixed unions, consisting of Swedish speakers and Finnish speakers, differ from endogamous unions with respect to various transitions in the family formation process subsequent to entry into childless cohabitation. We find evidence of notable selection. The proportion of endogamous relationships increases during the course of the courtship process, and this selection is primarily driven by a higher separation risk of ethno-linguistically mixed unions. The stages in family formation consequently seem to work as a social filter, where the exogamy effect on the dissolution risk is particularly strong for couples who have come a long way in the process.
The Forgotten Side of Partisanship
Authors: Medeiros Mike , Noël Alain
Published: June 2013

Early studies of electoral behavior proposed that party identification could be negative as well as positive. Over time, though, the concept became mostly understood as a positive construct. The few studies that took negative identification into account tended to portray it as a marginal factor that went “hand-in-hand” with positive preferences. Recent scholarship in psychology reaffirms, however, that negative evaluations are not simply the bipolar opposite of positive ones. This article considers negative party identification from this standpoint, and evaluates its impact in recent national elections in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United States. Our findings highlight the autonomous power of negative partisanship. They indicate as well that ideology has an influence on positive and negative partisan identification.
Recentralization and the Left Turn in Latin America
Authors: Eaton Kent
Published: June 2013

Over the past decade, leftist presidents in Latin America have sought to recentralize authority by reversing the decentralizing reforms that swept the region in the 1980s and 1990s. This article explains why subnational opposition elites were able to resist recentralization in Bolivia, but not in Venezuela or Ecuador. I argue that opposition mayors and governors increase the chance of success against the president if they can transcend their interelite policy struggles with him and mobilize average citizens against recentralization. In Bolivia, the concentration of subnational opposition victories in eastern lowland departments, which share a common regional identity and dense organizational networks, enabled governors to enlist societal support in defense of decentralization, ultimately forcing compromise upon the president. In Ecuador and Venezuela in contrast, the diffusion of opposition jurisdictions foreclosed the possibility of encouraging societal opposition through appeals to common regional identities, allowing presidents to proceed with recentralization unchecked.
The primary care physician and cancer literacy: Reducing health disparities in an immigrant population
Authors: Lee Hee Yun , Choi Jeong-Kyun , Park Ji Hye
Published: June 2013

Objective:

To evaluate the level of cancer literacy among Korean American immigrants and to identify the most influential predictors of cancer literacy in this population.

Method:

Using a quota-sampling strategy, 407 Korean American immigrants were recruited in the New York metropolitan area. The study was theoretically guided by the Andersen’s Health Behaviour Model and ordinary least squares regression analysis was used for data analyses.

Results:

The cancer literacy level of this Korean American immigrant sample was much lower than that reported in studies of non-Latino whites and other racial/ethnic minorities. The results from the multiple regression models indicated that age was the only predictor of cancer literacy among predisposing factors. As for enabling factors, educational attainment and having a primary care physician were significant predictors. No need factors were found to be significant predictors in this study.

Discussion/implications:

The findings reinforce a need for developing public health education and community interventions focused on Korean American immigrants and increasing cultural competence in healthcare professionals and partners.
Constructing a feminist organization’s identity in a competitive marketplace: The intersection of ideology, image, and culture
Authors: D’Enbeau Suzy , Buzzanell Patrice M
Published: June 2013

Feminist organizations today must maintain their distinctive organizational identities in a competitive marketplace in which feminism has become one choice amidst many social change causes. Alignment among organizational identity, stakeholder images, and organizational culture can give feminist organizations a competitive advantage. However, feminist theory and practice have surfaced alignment challenges that can undermine organizational success. This article extends understandings of identity, image, and culture alignment by accounting for the role of ideology. In particular, this article explores how an independent media business that publishes a feminist popular culture magazine localizes feminist ideology discursively to enable alignment and satisfy diverse stakeholders. In doing so, this article fills a gap in feminist organization research by looking at how and where ideological lines are drawn by an organization trading in the economies of popular culture, image, and branding. Lessons for organizations faced with similar identity challenges are offered.
Taming death and the consequences of discourse
Authors: Candrian Carey
Published: June 2013

Healthcare environments have become increasingly complex, especially around the end of life. As they become more complex, organizational members are often pulled in competing directions as they manage to bring order to what otherwise would be a disorderly world. This extensive ethnographic study of a hospice and an emergency department (ED) critically analyzes the nature of discourse and its resulting accomplishments. I use the notion of ‘taming’ to describe the way providers talk about and make sense of their work and work environment, and the consequences it has for their own personal well-being, as well as for care around the end of life. The goal is to elucidate how reclaiming struggle and choice over meaning production is needed for healthcare challenges of the 21st century.
In vivo Identification of Periodontal Progenitor Cells
Authors: Roguljic H. , Matthews B.G. , Yang W. , Cvija H. , Mina M. , Kalajzic I.
Published: June 2013

The periodontal ligament contains progenitor cells; however, their identity and differentiation potential in vivo remain poorly characterized. Previous results have suggested that periodontal tissue progenitors reside in perivascular areas. Therefore, we utilized a lineage-tracing approach to identify and track periodontal progenitor cells from the perivascular region in vivo. We used an alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) promoter-driven and tamoxifen-inducible Cre system (αSMACreERT2) that, in combination with a reporter mouse line (Ai9), permanently labels a cell population, termed ‘SMA9’. To trace the differentiation of SMA9-labeled cells into osteoblasts/cementoblasts, we utilized a Col2.3GFP transgene, while expression of Scleraxis-GFP was used to follow differentiation into periodontal ligament fibroblasts during normal tissue formation and remodeling following injury. In uninjured three-week-old SMA9 mice, tamoxifen labeled a small population of cells in the periodontal ligament that expanded over time, particularly in the apical region of the root. By 17 days and 7 weeks after labeling, some SMA9-labeled cells expressed markers indicating differentiation into mature lineages, including cementocytes. Following injury, SMA9 cells expanded, and differentiated into cementoblasts, osteoblasts, and periodontal ligament fibroblasts. SMA9-labeled cells represent a source of progenitors that can give rise to mature osteoblasts, cementoblasts, and fibroblasts within the periodontium.
Optimal Urban Population Size: National vs Local Economic Efficiency
Authors: Kim Euijune , Hewings Geoffrey , Nam Kyung-Min
Published: June 2013

This paper explores whether the population size of the Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA) in Korea is efficient in terms of the national economy. To undertake this analysis, a recursively dynamic interregional computable general equilibrium (ICGE) model with a population module is developed. In this model, the explicit costs and benefits of population growth are estimated by using the industrial value added and consumer price inflation functions for each region. The counter-factual analysis shows that national population decentralisation away from the SMA is desirable for Korea’s economic growth. Korea’s GDP is estimated to be maximised when the SMA’s national population share is at 39 per cent in the short term and 35 per cent in the long term. However, the SMA government is likely to have incentive to maintain its population at around 40 per cent of the national population, where per capita income at the regional, not national, level is maximised.
Dynamic simulation of high-pressure tubular reactor for low-density polyethylene production
Authors: Jović Franjo , Grašovec Marko , Dejanović Igor , Kosar Vanja
Published: June 2013

Low-density polyethylene, one of the most important polymer products, is commonly produced in high-pressure free radical polymerization processes. A dynamic model of the high-pressure polymerization of ethylene initiated by oxygen in tubular reactor is introduced, and a dynamic optimization problem is formulated for process start-up strategies. The present study proposes a kinetic model based on an assumed reaction mechanism. The model describes the rates of oxygen decomposition and propagation of free radical ethylene polymerization. The mass and heat balance equations in an adiabatic tubular reactor operated at a constant pressure of 2.4 kbars and a temperature range of 110–300°C are presented. Simulations of polymerization process predict temperature of the reaction mixture, response time for cooling water, and also conversion along the reactor length. Response time was obtained using different inputs of controlled variables. Values obtained from these simulations are compared with real data from the process unit ( Polietilen, Dioki®, Zagreb, Croatia) and a model validation is confirmed. Improvement in reactor productivity and better understanding of few different start-up procedures is achieved.
Graft copolymerization of 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate onto styrene–butadiene–styrene triblock copolymer
Authors: Lee Wen-Fu , Chen Chien-Yu
Published: June 2013

Graft copolymerization of silicone monomer—3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate (TMSPMA) grafted onto styrene–butadiene–styrene (SBS; SBS- g-TMSPMA) triblock copolymer was carried out by free radical polymerization, and the improvement of adhesive property of the grafted SBS for glass materials is the major purpose of this study. To gain the optimal reaction conditions and grafting effect, the effect of various factors, such as the monomer ratio and reaction time, on the grafting ratio and grafting efficiency (GE) of SBS- g-TMSPMA graft copolymers were investigated. In addition, various SBS- g-TMSPMA graft copolymers were coated on different substrates based on glass and their tensile strengths that were tested. The optimal graft condition for the SBS- g-TMSPMA was obtained when the molar ratio of TMSPMA to SBS was 1 and reaction time was 4 h. Their grafting ratio and GEreached to a maximum of 56.8% and 60.2%, respectively, and the tensile strength also reached maximum. In this article, we confirm that the higher the grafting ratio, the more the silicone-containing in the graft copolymer. Hence, the –Si–O–Si– bonding between SBS- g-TMSPMA and glass substrate was more intensive and tensile strength was stronger.
The impact of disease on family members: a critical aspect of medical care
Authors: Golics Catherine Jane , Basra Mohammad Khurshid Azam , Finlay Andrew Yule , Salek Sam
Published: June 2013

Most existing health-related quality of life research concerns the impact of disease on patients. However, in several medical specialties including dermatology, oncology, and physical and mental disability, studies have been carried out investigating the impact of disease on the lives of families of patients. The aim of this paper is to review the literature which relates to the impact of disease on family members of patients. The OVIDSP Medline was selected as the primary database, Searches were limited to sources published in English. 158 papers were identified for review. The definition of “family” varied across the literature, and a broad definition was accepted in this review. This review shows that a wide variety of aspects of family members’ lives can be affected, including emotional, financial, family relationships, education and work, leisure time, and social activities. Many of these themes are linked to one another, with themes including financial impact and social impact being linked to emotional impact. Some positive aspects were also identified from the literature, including family relationships growing stronger. Several instruments exist to measure the impact of illness on the family, and most are disease or specialty- specific. The impact of disease on families of patients is often unrecognised and underestimated. Taking into account the quality of life of families as well as patients can offer the clinician a unique insight into issues such as family relationships and the effect of treatment decisions on the patient's close social group of partner and family.
Vulnerabilities to misinformation in online pharmaceutical marketing
Authors: De Freitas Julian , Falls Brian A , Haque Omar S , Bursztajn Harold J
Published: June 2013

Given the large percentage of Internet users who search for health information online, pharmaceutical companies have invested significantly in online marketing of their products. Although online pharmaceutical marketing can potentially benefit both physicians and patients, it can also harm these groups by misleading them. Indeed, some pharmaceutical companies have been guilty of undue influence, which has threatened public health and trust. We conducted a review of the available literature on online pharmaceutical marketing, undue influence and the psychology of decision-making, in order to identify factors that contribute to Internet users’ vulnerability to online pharmaceutical misinformation. We find five converging factors: Internet dependence, excessive trust in the veracity of online information, unawareness of pharmaceutical company influence, social isolation and detail fixation. As the Internet continues to change, it is important that regulators keep in mind not only misinformation that surrounds new web technologies and their contents, but also the factors that make Internet users vulnerable to misinformation in the first place. Psychological components are a critical, although often neglected, risk factor for Internet users becoming misinformed upon exposure to online pharmaceutical marketing. Awareness of these psychological factors may help Internet users attentively and safely navigate an evolving web terrain.
The role of ethnicity and diagnosis in rates of adolescent psychiatric admission and compulsory detention: a longitudinal case-note study
Authors: Corrigall Richard , Bhugra Dinesh
Published: June 2013

Objectives

To explore whether ethnic variations in psychiatric admission and detention reported for adults also apply to adolescents and to establish the influence of diagnosis.

Design

A longitudinal, case-note study over a 10-year period.

Setting

An adolescent inpatient psychiatric unit in London.

Participants

All adolescents admitted to the unit.

Main outcome measures

Rates of admission and detention under the Mental Health Act, according to catchment area population.

Results

Young Black people were nearly six times more likely than the White group to be admitted with psychosis but showed no increase in admission for non-psychotic conditions. Young people in the Other group were over three times more likely to be admitted with psychosis but showed only a modest increase in admission with non-psychotic conditions. Young Asians were over twice as likely to be admitted with psychosis but were only one-third as likely to be admitted with non-psychotic conditions. Young people with psychosis in the Black and Other groups were around three times more likely to have been detained, but there were no significant differences for non-psychotic conditions.

Conclusions

Significant ethnic variation was found in the rates of admission and detention for adolescents. However, diagnosis was also an important consideration and must be taken into account when examining for evidence of ethnic bias in the use of mental health services by young people. Further investigation is required to establish whether adolescent care pathways are providing a safe and appropriate level of inpatient care for all ethnic groups.
Application of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) data to estimate cost-effectiveness of hernia surgery in England
Authors: Coronini-Cronberg Sophie , Appleby John , Thompson James
Published: June 2013

Objectives

To demonstrate potential uses of nationally collected patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) data to estimate cost-effectiveness of hernia surgery.

Design

Cost-utility model populated with national PROMs, National Reference Cost and Hospital Episodes Statistics data.

Setting

Hospitals in England that provided elective inguinal hernia repair surgery for NHS patients between 1 April 2009 and 31 March 2010.

Participants

Patients >18 years undergoing NHS-funded elective hernia surgery in English hospitals who completed PROMs questionnaires.

Main outcome measures

Change in quality-adjusted life year (QALY) following surgery; cost per QALY of surgery by acute provider hospital; health gain and cost per QALY by surgery type received (laparoscopic or open hernia repair).

Results

The casemix-adjusted, discounted (at 3.5%) and degraded (over 25 years) mean change in QALYs following elective hernia repair surgery is 0.826 (95% CI, 0.793–0.859) compared to a counterfactual of no treatment. Patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery show a significantly greater gain in health-related quality of life (EQ-5D index change, 0.0915; 95% CI, 0.0850–0.0979) with an estimated gain of 0.923 QALYS (95% CI, 0.859–0.988) compared to those having open repair (EQ-5D index change, 0.0806; 95% CI, 0.0771–0.0841) at 0.817 QALYS (95% CI, 0.782–0.852). The average cost of hernia surgery in England is £1554, representing a mean cost per QALY of £1881. The mean cost of laparoscopic and open hernia surgery is equivocal (£1421 vs. £1426 respectively) but laparoscopies appear to offer higher cost-utility at £1540 per QALY, compared to £1746 per QALY for open surgery.

Conclusions

Routine PROMs data derived from NHS patients could be usefully analyzed to estimate health outcomes and cost-effectiveness of interventions to inform decision-making. This analysis suggests elective hernia surgery offers value-for-money, and laparoscopic repair is more clinically effective and generates higher cost-utility than open surgery.
Day-case re-do varicose vein surgery
Authors: Nagpal Kamal , Glore RJ , Chong Peter Lee , Singh Sewa , Pillay Woolagasen , Tan Peter , Cuschieri RJ
Published: June 2013

Objective:

To assess whether re-do varicose vein surgery as a day case is feasible and safe.

Methods:

Data were collected retrospectively on 70 consecutive patients (77 legs) undergoing re-do sapheno-femoral or sapheno-popliteal ligation by consultant surgeons as day cases. Follow-up was by structured telephone interview.

Results:

The 70 patients comprised 53 females and 17 males. Median age and body mass index were 47.5 years and 27, respectively. All patients were ASA Grade I or II. Median operating time was 75 min (range 25–140). Of the 70 patients intended to be treated as day cases, four (5.7%) were admitted overnight. There were no were re-admissions nor did any patient develop deep vein thrombosis. Eleven per cent developed wound infection and 4% transient lymphatic leakage. Overall, 91% of patients were pleased with the initial surgical result but this decreased to 81% in the longer term. Eighty-nine per cent would have their surgery performed again as a day case.

Conclusion:

Re-do sapheno-femoral or sapheno-popliteal can be performed safely as a day case.
Risk factors associated with the occurrence of silent pulmonary embolism in patients with deep venous thrombosis of the lower limb
Authors: Li Fenghe , Wang Xuehu , Huang Wen , Ren Wei , Cheng Jun , Zhang Mao , Zhao Yu
Published: June 2013

Objective

The aim of our study is to investigate the prevalence of silent pulmonary embolism in patients with deep venous thrombosis in the lower limbs and to evaluate the associated risk factors.

Methods

A total of 322 patients with acute deep venous thrombosis confirmed by CT venography or Doppler ultrasonography were studied. The diagnosis of silent pulmonary embolism was established by computed tomography pulmonary arteriography (CTPA). The association between covariates and the prevalence of silent pulmonary embolism in patients with deep venous thrombosis in lower limbs were assessed using chi-square test and multivariable regression.

Results

The incidence of silent pulmonary embolism was 33.5% (108 in 322 patients) in all patients with deep venous thrombosis in lower limbs. Chi-square test showed male gender, the right lower limb, proximal location of the thrombus, unprovoked venous thrombosis and coexisting heart diseases were related to a higher incidence of silent pulmonary embolism in patients with deep venous thrombosis in lower limbs. The multivariate regression analysis confirmed that the risk factors associated with silent pulmonary embolism in deep venous thrombosis patients included the right side and proximal location of the thrombus (odds ratio: 2.023, 95% CI: 1.215–3.368; odds ratio: 3.610, 95% CI: 1.772–7.354), unprovoked venous thrombosis (odds ratio: 2.037, 95% CI: 1.188–3.493), coexisting heart diseases (odds ratio: 4.507, 95% CI: 2.667–7.618).

Conclusion

Silent pulmonary embolism occurred frequently in patients with deep venous thrombosis in lower limbs. The right side, the proximal location of the thrombus, unprovoked venous thrombosis and coexisting heart diseases increased the risk for the occurrence of silent pulmonary embolism.
Catheter-directed thrombolysis for double inferior vena cava with deep venous thrombosis: A case report and literature review
Authors: Wang Xiaodong , Chen Zhengxin , Cai Qianrong
Published: June 2013

Double inferior vena cava (DIVC) with deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is rare, and there is only one reported case of DIVC with DVT treated by catheter-directed thrombolysis. We report a case of a 32-year-old man with an extensive venous clot involving the infrarenal segment of a double IVC who received filter implantation and catheter-directed thrombolysis.