bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GENETIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF LITHUANIAN POPULATIONS OF PURPLE LOOSESTRIFE (LYTHRUM SALICARIA)
Authors: Jocienė Lina , Krokaitė Edvina , Shakeneva Dinara , Rekašius Tomas , Stanys Vidmantas , Šikšnianienė Jūratė B. , Žvingila Donatas , Paulauskas Algimantas , Kupčinskienė Eugenija
Published: February 2022

The present study evaluated genetic diversity of Lithuanian populations of Lythrum salicaria in relation to parameters of riparian environment. Growing along Nemunas, Seaside and Lielupė river basins, 15 populations were examined using amplified fragment length polymorphism markers. Molecular data were related to the river basins, type of land use and cover, natural vice versa regulated fragments of the rivers. Population mean genetic diversity parameters were as follows: percentage of polymorphic loci (57.2), expected heterozygosity (0.183), polymorphismc information content (0.218). Mantel test revealed correlation (R2 = 0.0986, p = 0.01) between genetic and geographic distance of populations. Greater genetic diversity within, rather than among populations (ΦPT = 0.213) was observed. According to the Bayesian clustering, studied populations are admixtures of two gene pools. Analysis of molecular variance revealed significant differentiation between populations belonging to distinct river basins, between populations from natural vs. regulated fragments of the rivers.
Near-Chandrasekhar-mass Type Ia Supernovae from the Double-degenerate Channel
Authors: Neopane Sudarshan , Bhargava Khanak , Fisher Robert , Ferrari Mckenzie , Yoshida Shin’ichirou , Toonen Silvia , Bravo Eduardo
Published: February 2022

Recent observational evidence has demonstrated that white dwarf (WD) mergers are a highly efficient mechanism for mass accretion onto WDs in the galaxy. In this paper, we show that WD mergers naturally produce highly magnetized, uniformly rotating WDs, including a substantial population within a narrow mass range close to the Chandrasekhar mass (M
Ch). These near-M
Ch WD mergers subsequently undergo rapid spin up and compression on a ∼ 102 yr timescale, either leading to central ignition and a normal SN Ia via the DDT mechanism, or alternatively to a failed detonation and SN Iax through pure deflagration. The resulting SNe Ia and SNe Iax will have spectra, light curves, polarimetry, and nucleosynthetic yields similar to those predicted to arise through the canonical near-M
Ch single degenerate (SD) channel, but with a t
−1 delay time distribution characteristic of the double-degenerate channel. Furthermore, in contrast to the SD channel, WD merger near-M
Ch SNe Ia and SNe Iax will not produce observable companion signatures. We discuss a range of implications of these findings, from SNe Ia explosion mechanisms, to galactic nucleosynthesis of iron peak elements including manganese.
Chemical Stratification in a Long Gamma-Ray Burst Cocoon and Early-time Spectral Signatures of Supernovae Associated with Gamma-Ray Bursts
Authors: Suzuki Akihiro , Maeda Keiichi
Published: February 2022

We present the results of 3D hydrodynamic simulations of a gamma-ray burst (GRB) jet emanating from a massive star with a particular focus on the formation of high-velocity quasi-spherical ejecta and the jet-induced chemical mixing. Recent early-time optical observations of supernovae associated with GRBs (e.g., GRB 171205A/SN 2017iuk) indicate a considerable amount of heavy metals in the high-velocity outer layers of the ejecta. Using our jet simulations, we show that the density and chemical structure of the outer ejecta implied by observations can be naturally reproduced by a powerful jet penetrating the progenitor star. We consider three representative jet models with a stripped massive star, a standard jet, a weak jet, and a jet choked by an extended circumstellar medium, to clarify the differences in the dynamical evolution and the chemical properties of the ejected materials. The standard jet successfully penetrates the progenitor star and creates a quasi-spherical ejecta component (cocoon). The jet-induced mixing significantly contaminates the cocoon with heavy elements that have been otherwise embedded in the inner layer of the ejecta. The weak and choked jet models fail to produce an ultrarelativistic jet but produce a quasi-spherical cocoon with different chemical properties. We discuss the impact of the different jet−star interactions on the expected early-time electromagnetic signatures of long GRBs and how to probe the jet dynamics from observations.
High-resolution Near-infrared Spectroscopy of a Flare around the Ultracool Dwarf vB 10
Authors: Kanodia Shubham , Ramsey Lawrence W. , Maney Marissa , Mahadevan Suvrath , Cañas Caleb I. , Ninan Joe P. , Monson Andrew , Kowalski Adam F. , Goumas Maximos C. , Stefansson Gudmundur , Bender Chad F. , Cochran William D. , Diddams Scott A. , Fredrick Connor , Halverson Samuel , Hearty Fred , Janowiecki Steven , Metcalf Andrew J. , Odewahn Stephen C. , Robertson Paul , Roy Arpita , Schwab Christian , Terrien Ryan C.
Published: February 2022

We present high-resolution observations of a flaring event in the M8 dwarf vB 10 using the near-infrared Habitable-zone Planet Finder (HPF) spectrograph on the Hobby-Eberly Telescope. The high stability of HPF enables us to accurately subtract a vB 10 quiescent spectrum from the flare spectrum to isolate the flare contributions and study the changes in the relative energy of the Ca ii infrared triplet, several Paschen lines, the He λ10830 triplet lines, and to select iron and magnesium lines in HPF's bandpass. Our analysis reveals the presence of a red asymmetry in the He λ10830 triplet, which is similar to signatures of coronal rain in the Sun. Photometry of the flare derived from an acquisition camera before spectroscopic observations and the ability to extract spectra from up-the-ramp observations with the HPF infrared detector enable us to perform time-series analysis of part of the flare and provide coarse constraints on the energy and frequency of such flares. We compare this flare with historical observations of flares around vB 10 and other ultracool M dwarfs and attempt to place limits on flare-induced atmospheric mass loss for hypothetical planets around vB 10.
At What Mass Are Stars Braked? The Implication from the Turnoff Morphology of NGC 6819
Authors: Yang Yong , Li Chengyuan , Huang Yang , Liu Xiaowei
Published: February 2022

Extended main-sequence turnoffs (eMSTOs) apparent in most young and intermediate-age clusters (younger than ∼2 Gyr) are known features caused by fast rotating early-type (earlier than F-type) stars. Late-type stars are not fast rotators because their initial angular momenta have been quickly dispersed due to magnetic braking. However, the mass limit below which stars have been magnetically braked has not been well constrained by observation. In this paper, we present an analysis of the eMSTO of NGC 6819, an open cluster of an intermediate-age (∼2.5 Gyr), believed to be comparable to the lifetime of stars near the mass limit for magnetic braking. By comparing the observation with synthetic color–magnitude diagrams, we find that NGC 6819 does not harbor an obvious eMSTO. The morphology of its turnoff region can be readily explained by a simple stellar population considering the observational uncertainties as well as the differential reddening. In addition, the MSTO stars in NGC 6819 have very small values of average rotational velocity and dispersion, indicating that they have undergone significant magnetic braking. Combining with results in the literature for clusters of younger ages, our current work suggests that the critical age for the disappearance of eMSTO in star clusters must be shorter but very close to the age of NGC 6819, and this in turn implies a critical stellar mass for magnetic braking at solar metallicity above but close to 1.54 M
⊙ based on the PARSEC model. We emphasize that the phenomenon of eMSTO could provide an unique way to constrain the onset mass of magnetic braking.
Consistency of Planck Data With Power-law Primordial Scalar Power Spectrum
Authors: Farhang Marzieh , Esmaeilian Muhammad Sadegh
Published: February 2022

In this work we explore the possibility of variations in the primordial scalar power spectrum around the power-law shape, as predicted by single-field slow-roll inflationary scenarios. We search for a trace of these fluctuations in a semiblind, model-independent way in observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) sky. In particular, we use two sets of perturbation patterns, specific patterns with typical features such as oscillations, bumps, and transitions, as well as perturbation modes, constructed from eigenanalysis of the forecasted or measured covariance of perturbation parameters. These modes, in principle, span the parameter space of all possible perturbations to the primordial spectrum and, when rank ordered, the ones with the highest detectability would suffice to explore the constrainable features around the power-law spectrum in a data-driven (and not theoretically biased) manner. With Planck measurements of CMB anisotropies, the amplitudes of all perturbation patterns considered in this work are found to be consistent with zero. This finding confirms, in the absence of theoretical biases, the consistency of the Planck data with the assumption of a power-law inflationary pattern for the primordial spectrum.
The Physics of the MHD Disk–Jet Transition in Binary Systems: Jetted Spiral Walls Launched from Disk Spiral Arms
Authors: Sheikhnezami Somayeh , Fendt Christian
Published: February 2022

We present a detailed physical analysis of the jet-launching mechanism of a circumstellar disk that is located in a binary system. Applying 3D resistive magnetohydrodynamics simulations, we investigate the local and global properties of the system, such as angular momentum transport and accretion and ejection mass fluxes. In comparison to previous works, for the first time we have considered the full magnetic torque, the presence of an outflow and thus the angular momentum transport by vertical motion, and the binary torque. We discuss its specific 3D structure and how it is affected by tidal effects. We find that the spiral structure evolving in the disk is launched into the outflow. We propose calling this newly discovered structure a jet spiral wall. These spiral features follow the same time evolution, with the jet spiral somewhat lagging the disk spiral. We find that the vertical transport of angular momentum has a significant role in the total angular momentum budget also in a binary system. The same holds for the magnetic torque; however, the contribution from the ϕderivative of the magnetic pressure and B

ϕ

B

r
stresses are small. The gravity torque arising from the time-dependent 3D Roche potential becomes essential, as it constitutes the fundamental cause for all 3D effects appearing in our disk–jet system. Quantitatively, we find that the disk accretion rate in a binary system increases by 20% compared to a disk around a single star. The disk wind mass flux increases by even 50%.
Varstrometry for Off-nucleus and Dual Subkiloparsec AGN (VODKA): Hubble Space Telescope Discovers Double Quasars
Authors: Chen Yu-Ching , Hwang Hsiang-Chih , Shen Yue , Liu Xin , Zakamska Nadia L. , Yang Qian , Li Jennifer I.
Published: February 2022

Dual supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at ∼kiloparsec scales are the progenitor population of SMBH mergers and play an important role in understanding the pairing and dynamical evolution of massive black holes in galaxy mergers. Because of the stringent resolution requirement and the apparent rareness of these small-separation pairs, there are scarce observational constraints on this population, with few confirmed dual SMBHs at <10 kpc separations at z > 1. Here we present results from a pilot search for kiloparsec-scale dual quasars selected with Gaia Data release 2 (DR2) astrometry and followed up with Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Wide Field Camera 3 dual-band (F475W and F814W) snapshot imaging. Our targets are quasars primarily selected with the varstrometry technique, i.e., light centroid jitter caused by asynchronous variability from both members in an unresolved quasar pair, supplemented by subarcsecond pairs already resolved by Gaia DR2. We find an overall high fraction of HST-resolved pairs among the varstrometry-selected quasars (unresolved in Gaia DR2), ∼30%–50%, increasing toward high redshift (∼60%–80% at z > 1.5). We discuss the nature of the 45 resolved subarcsecond pairs based on HST and supplementary data. A substantial fraction (∼40%) of these pairs are likely physical quasar pairs or gravitationally lensed quasars. We also discover a triple quasar candidate and a quadruply lensed quasar, which is among the smallest-separation quadruple lenses. These results provide important guidelines to improve varstrometry selection and follow-up confirmation of ~kiloparsec-scale dual SMBHs at high redshift.
Statistical Properties of the Population of the Galactic Center Filaments: the Spectral Index and Equipartition Magnetic Field
Authors: Yusef-Zadeh F. , Arendt R. G. , Wardle M. , Heywood I. , Cotton W. , Camilo F.
Published: February 2022

We present high-pass-filtered continuum images of the inner 3.°5 × 2.°5 of the Galactic center at 20 cm with 6.″4 resolution. These mosaic images are taken with MeerKAT and reveal a large number of narrow filaments, roughly an order of magnitude increase in their numbers compared to past measurements. For the first time, we carry out population studies of the spectral index and magnetic field of the entire region. The mean spectral indices of the filaments are steeper than supernova remnants (SNRs) (−0.62) with a value of α ∼ −0.83. The variation in α is much larger than for the SNRs, suggesting that these characteristics have a different origin. A large-scale cosmic-ray-driven wind has recently been proposed to explain the origin of filaments and the large-scale 430 pc bipolar radio and X-ray structure. This favors the possibility that the large-scale bipolar radio/X-ray structure is produced by past activity of Sgr A* rather than a coordinated burst of supernovae. A trend of steeper indices is also noted with increasing distance from the Galactic plane. This could be explained either by synchrotron cooling or weak shocks accelerating cosmic-ray particles in the context of the cosmic-ray-driven wind. The mean magnetic field strengths along the filaments range from ∼100 to 400 μG depending on the assumed ratio of cosmic-ray protons to electrons. Given that there is a high cosmic-ray pressure in the Galactic center, the large equipartition magnetic field implies that the magnetic filed is weak in most of the interstellar volume of the Galactic center.
Reconciling Multi-messenger Constraints with Chiral Symmetry Restoration
Authors: Marczenko Michał , Redlich Krzysztof , Sasaki Chihiro
Published: February 2022

We analyze the recent astrophysical constraints in the context of a hadronic equation of state (EoS) in which the baryonic matter is subject to chiral symmetry restoration. We show that with such EoS it is possible to reconcile the modern constraints on the neutron star (NS) mass, radius, and tidal deformability (TD). We find that the softening of the EoS, required by the TD constraint of a canonical 1.4 M
⊙ NS, followed by a subsequent stiffening, required by the 2 M
⊙ constraint, is driven by the appearance of Δ matter due to partial restoration of chiral symmetry. Consequently, a purely hadronic EoS that accounts for the fundamental properties of quantum chromodynamics linked to the dynamical emergence of parity doubling with degenerate masses of nucleons and Δ resonances can be fully consistent with multi-messenger data. Therefore, with the present constraints on the EoS, the conclusion about the existence of quark matter in the stellar core may still be premature.
A New UV Spectral Feature on Europa: Confirmation of NaCl in Leading-hemisphere Chaos Terrain
Authors: Trumbo Samantha K. , Becker Tracy M. , Brown Michael E. , Denman William T. P. , Molyneux Philippa , Hendrix Amanda , Retherford Kurt D. , Roth Lorenz , Alday Juan
Published: February 2022

Recent visible-wavelength observations of Europa’s surface obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) revealed the presence of an absorption feature near 450 nm that appears spatially correlated with leading-hemisphere chaos terrain. This feature was interpreted to reflect the presence of irradiated sodium chloride ultimately sourced from the interior. Here, we use ultraviolet spectra also collected with the HST to detect an additional previously unseen absorption near 230 nm, which spatially correlates with the 450 nm feature and with the same leading-hemisphere chaos terrain. We find that the new ultraviolet feature is also well matched by irradiated sodium chloride at Europa-like conditions. Such confirmation of sodium chloride within geologically young regions has important implications for Europa’s subsurface composition.
The Effect of Deep Breath Relaxation and Roasted Garlic Consumption on the Blood Pressure decrease in the Pressure of Elderly Hypertension
Authors: Susmadi Susmadi , Sunita Anna , Mulyo Gurid Pramintarto Eko
Published: February 2022

Background Patients with hypertension are estimated to reach 1 billion globally, where 972 million (26%) of the adults in the world suffer from hypertension. Predicted by 2025, about 29% of adults worldwide suffer from hypertension, and two-thirds of them are in developing countries. Increased blood pressure that takes place in a long time can cause damage to the kidneys, heart, and brain when not detected early and received adequate treatment. The intervention of hypertension is still constrained in chemical drug pharmacological therapy. For non-pharmacological or complementary treatment such as deep breath relaxation and roasted garlic, consumption is already known in the community but not maximized utilized. Hence, a combination of this intervention needs to be developed to assess the effect of synergies.
Methods: The study was conducted in the west Bogor district with samples of 34 Pre-elderly and elderly respondents. Design of pre-experiment One Group Pre-Post Test Design by working combination intervention. Analysis of T-dependent tests and simple linear regression correlation.
Results and Conclusions: There is an influence of combination intervention on the second measurement of the day of intervention of the Systolic blood pressure (P-Value 0.006), a mean of 6.56 mmHg decrease, against diastole blood pressure (P-Value Vauile) is disclosed difference of 3.82 mmHg. In the post-intervention measurement of the Systolic blood pressure (P-Value 0.000) is a mean 8.86 mmHg, of diastole blood pressure not the influence (P-Value 0.103) with a decrease of 2.60 mmHg, there is an age correlation to the average of the decision of blood pressure of the system of the Systole (P-Value 0.006) shows the relationship and patterned positive. They recommended research results to alternative, complementary therapy effectively lowering blood pressure in the community.
The genus Erhaia (Gastropoda, Truncatelloidea, Amnicolidae), with a new species from Bhutan
Authors: Gittenberger Edmund , Gyeltshen Choki , Stelbrink Björn
Published: February 2022

The distribution of the fiveErhaia(Gastropoda, Truncatelloidea, Amnicolidae) species that are diagnosed by both morphological and molecular data is combined with several records of less completely diagnosed nominalErhaiaspecies. The resulting distribution pattern is summarized in a map and is discussed herein.Erhaia norbuisp. nov.is described from Bhutan on the basis of shell morphology and two mitochondrial DNA barcoding markers. A molecular phylogeny is presented for the fiveErhaiaspecies for which molecular data are available, three of which form a separate clade and are from Bhutan.
Educating Nursing Students about Health Literacy: From the Classroom to the Patient Bedside
Authors: Sand-Jecklin Kari , Murray Billie , Summers Barbara , Watson Joanne
Published: February 2022

All nurses and nursing students today must be able assess patients for health literacy limitations and intervene to assure patient understanding of important health information. In this article the authors discuss the significance of the health literacy problem and share strategies for identifying and intervening with patients who have limited health literacy. They also describe how they incorporated health literacy content into their nursing education program and assessed the impact of this brief, health literacy education session. The analysis and results of this assessment indicated both a significant increase in student knowledge related to health literacy and the need for nurses to assess more fully patients’ understanding of what they have been taught. Patient initiative in asking for assistance in understanding health-related information was limited. Discussion and implications of these findings for nursing education and nursing practice are provided.
Improving Quality and Patient Safety by Retaining Nursing Expertise
Authors: Hill Karen
Published: February 2022

Does nursing experience matter in relation to outcomes and patient safety? Intuitively, most nurses and nurse leaders would say yes. However, data are needed to support this relationship. The author begins this article by reviewing the novice to expert trajectory, describing differences between novice and expert nurses, and reporting the relationship between nurse experience and quality outcomes as measured by nurse-sensitive indicators. Current data already indicate that outcomes, such as the incidence of patient falls and the prevalence of hospital-acquired pressure ulcers (HAPU), are influenced by the experience level of the nurse. The author also discusses the threat of losing experienced nurses in the workforce and presents five strategies (vehicles) to maintain expertise in practice.
Die Inschrift der „ Figure aux plumes “
Authors: Keetman Jan
Published: February 2022

L’inscription de la « Figure aux plumes » comprend peut-être le plus ancien texte poétique mais reste très difficile à lire. La nouvelle analyse met l’accent sur la structure poétique, le genre possible et la place dans l’histoire. Il est proposé que le revers soit à lire de bas en haut. À la fin, une théorie est développée qui peut expliquer pourquoi un texte sur l’attribution de champs au Dieu Ninĝirsu est combiné avec une partie littéraire encore plus longue. Il est également proposé que l’attribution n’était pas faite au nom d’un souverain local mais au nom du souverain d’Uruk.
Ur III Texts in The Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine
Authors: Jan de Ridder Jacob , Zomer Elyze
Published: February 2022

L’article suivant présente une petite collection de cinq tablettes administratives d’Ur III qui sont maintenant conservées à l’Institut des manuscrits de la Bibliothèque nationale Vernadsky d’Ukraine à Kiev. Les numéros 1-2 proviennent de la ville de Ĝirsu et ont été documentés par le savant russe Turaev au début du 20 e  siècle, tandis que les numéros 3-5 étaient auparavant inconnus et proviennent du site antique d’Umma. Toutes les tablettes sont présentées ici ensemble, avec une courte introduction, une traduction, une édition et une copie.
Murder in Mesopotamia? The Case of an Unusual Burial in Tell Mohammed Diyab (Syria)
Authors: Verardi Virginia , Lemée Émilie
Published: February 2022

En 2008 les fouilles d’un espace domestique du chantier 1 de Tell Mohammed Diyab ont révélé une anomalie dans un sol en pierre : l’absence de pierres dans une zone a permis de mettre au jour une fosse à l’intérieur de laquelle ont été trouvés deux corps, visiblement jetés à l’intérieur. Certains éléments détectés sur les corps ont permis, lors de l’étude anthropologique, de déterminer que les deux personnes avaient été assassinées.
Medical Treatments against Respiratory Diseases, Ear Complaints and Migraine: an Edition of a Late Babylonian Medical Compendium Tablet, BM 32277+
Authors: Bácskay András
Published: February 2022

L’article propose l’édition et l’analyse d’une tablette médicale inédite néo-babylonienne tardive provenant de la collection du British Museum. Dans la première partie, les principales caractéristiques de la tablette (provenance, orthographe et contenu) sont résumées et son texte est publié dans la deuxième partie de l’article. Bien que des parallèles de certaines prescriptions thérapeutiques individuelles puissent être trouvés dans des textes médicaux de Ninive et d’Assur, le contenu de la tablette ne peut être directement relié aux séries thérapeutiques de la bibliothèque d’Assurbanipal. La face de la tablette comprend des traitements principalement destinés aux problèmes respiratoires, notamment pour la “bouche de l’estomac”, tandis que le revers de la tablette se concentre sur les problèmes liés à la tête (problèmes d’oreille et migraine). Une prescription contre les problèmes d’oreille est un “tampon testé” et une autre prescription contre les problèmes pulmonaires et rénaux est un “secret de la royauté”.
Le détour de l’Autre
Authors: Stan Corina
Published: February 2022

En examinant les figures du colonisé et de l’immigré, Certeau voit le risque que nous devenions tous des « Indiens de l’intérieur », c’est-à-dire sans voix politique. En lisant la société occidentale à la lumière de l’Autre, il contribue à la décolonisation de la raison.
L’université au pluriel
Authors: Brugère Fabienne
Published: February 2022

Avec la massification de son recrutement, l’université doit désormais produire une culture de masse, qui abolit les hiérarchies, renvoie le savoir à une pratique et ouvre ainsi des possibles.
Les nouveaux braconnages
Authors: Benzine Rachid , Depriester Amélie
Published: February 2022

La notion de braconnage permet d’apprécier les pratiques et récits dans les quartiers prioritaires de la ville comme des recherches de reconnaissance. Ces dernières valorisent le capital narratif des individus.
À force d’y croire : la France s’est-elle droitisée ?
Authors: Tiberj Vincent
Published: February 2022

Certains indicateurs, comme la demande de redistribution et la tolérance à la diversité, contestent l’évidence d’une droitisation de la société française. Mais l’offre politique demeure décrochée des préoccupations des citoyens, ce qui favorise la droite.
Les infrastructures de l’internement en région ouïghoure
Authors: Drieu Cloé
Published: February 2022

La politique chinoise d’enfermement et de rééducation des populations musulmanes du Xinjiang, dont les images satellites révèlent une intensification entre 2016 et 2019, pourrait concerner jusqu’à 3,5 millions de personnes, malgré une estimation difficile. Le génocide, tel qu’il a été établi par le Tribunal ouïghour, ne fait plus de doute.
L’alsacien dans la sphère économique : nouvelle donne dans les usages ou accélération de leur déclin ?
Authors: Erhart Pascale , Kahn René
Published: February 2022

L’affaire semble entendue : les langues régionales et leurs locuteurs comme tous les acteurs et toutes les ressources mobilisables sont placés sous l’emprise de la rationalité, des pratiques et des finalités économiques et ils en souffrent. D’autant que le modèle dominant de la concurrence généralisée et de la mondialisation s’impose sans partage et sans autre langage que celui du calcul économique. Dans ce contexte, les usages économiques de l’alsacien ne renvoient-ils qu’à une survivance du passé, à la patrimonialisation utilitariste et commerciale d’une langue minorisée ou au contraire dénotent-ils un certain génie de la langue régionale, sa capacité à faire évoluer les pratiques économiques et le modèle de développement territorial, tout en autorisant à travers un éventail de fonctions, sa propre perpétuation et son enrichissement ? L’analyse d’un corpus resserré de pratiques dans le champ économique commercial et touristique permet de développer des hypothèses intéressantes dans ce sens. Une première partie, plus théorique, tente de mieux expliciter la nature complexe et ambivalente des relations langues/économie. La deuxième partie est consacrée à l’étude du cas alsacien : à partir d’exemples recensés dans les grands est consacrée à l’étude du cas alsacien : à partir d’exemples recensés dans les grands domaines dans lesquels l’alsacien est mobilisé à des fins économiques, nous montrons quelles sont les originalités de la région par rapport aux formes d’utilisation que l’on peut considérer comme « classiques », en distinguant les utilisations tendant à faire de la langue un simple gadget de celles qui permettent d’en faire un véritable facteur d’affirmation régionale et de contribuer à son institutionnalisation.
Artistes en situation de handicap : une approche conversationnelle de l’identité personnelle
Authors: Verdier Maud
Published: February 2022

Lorsque des comédiens et comédiennes en situation de handicap exercent leur métier d’artiste, on constate souvent qu’ils mobilisent une identité personnelle variable, tantôt axée sur leur statut professionnel, tantôt sur leur handicap mental ou psychique, tantôt sur un mélange complexe de ces deux facettes. Cet article vise à mettre au jour les propriétés interactionnelles des situations de travail qui favorisent l’émergence de telle ou telle facette de l’identité personnelle. Est examiné en particulier l’usage de la catégorie « handicapé » énoncée en première personne par un comédien dans des phases de répétition. L’analyse conversationnelle de ces situations de travail permettra de mieux comprendre les agencements interactionnels qui conduisent à utiliser cette autocatégorisation, non pour renvoyer au statut social qui lui est associé, mais pour revendiquer le plein exercice d’une identité professionnelle. L’article s’inscrit dans le cadre d’une recherche qui vise à explorer les formes de vie dans lesquelles s’inscrivent les personnes en situation de handicap mental ou psychique. Cette recherche prend appui sur une enquête ethnographique qui a inclus le recueil de données audiovisuelles des séances de travail d’une compagnie de théâtre professionnelle d’un Esat artistique.
L’Union européenne et les limites de la gouvernance administrative supranationale : de la crise de la zone euro à la réponse au coronavirus
Authors: Lindseth Peter , Fasone Cristina
Published: February 2022

L’UE se trouve aujourd’hui inconfortablement située à la frontière entre la gouvernance administrative et le constitutionnalisme supranational. À ce jour, cependant, la réticence des États membres à doter l’UE d’un pouvoir autonome de mobilisation obligatoire des ressources fiscales et humaines a jeté un doute sérieux sur le caractère constitutionnel autonome de l’UE. Le caractère fracturé entre les États membres de la « constitution métabolique » de l’UE, c’est-à-dire la manière polycentrique dont les ressources sont mobilisées aux fins de l’intégration européenne, laisse l’UE incapable de transcender ses propres limites socio-juridiques et socio-institutionnelles en tant que forme de gouvernance administrative. La limite la plus fondamentale découle de la déconnexion entre le pouvoir et la légitimité, c’est-à-dire l’attribution répétée d’un pouvoir réglementaire aux institutions européennes, sans que l’UE ne bénéficie de la légitimité démocratique et constitutionnelle nécessaire pour soutenir l’exercice de ces pouvoirs par une mobilisation autonome des ressources. Cette contribution explore comment la rupture de ce nécessaire « lien pouvoir-légitimité » s’est manifestée dans la gouvernance de l’UE au cours de la dernière décennie, surtout dans la crise de la zone euro. Nous examinons ensuite si la réponse à la pandémie de coronavirus (le plus important, l’instrument de relance Next Generation EU ) peut constituer un changement de paradigme – une « phase critique » ( critical juncture ) – dans la constitution métabolique « fracturée » de l’UE. En conclusion, nous considérons ce qui pourrait être nécessaire pour dépasser, dans la gouvernance européenne, la délimitation existante entre le pouvoir administratif et le pouvoir constitutionnel.
Ce que la théorie des champs nous dit de l’administration européenne (II) : les transformations du champ bureaucratique européen (2000-2020)
Authors: Georgakakis Didier
Published: February 2022

Cet article constitue le deuxième volet de l’analyse du champ bureaucratique européen développée en lien avec le sujet de ce numéro thématique. Dans la première partie, nous avons cherché à mieux expliciter le concept de champ bureaucratique sur le plan théorique et la perspective qu’il ouvre pour étudier les institutions européennes. Au-delà de son apport immédiat pour éclairer le profil des acteurs institutionnels clefs, la sociologie du champ de l’eurocratie traite des institutions européennes comme d’un espace de relations humaines tout autant qu’institutionnelles. Ce faisant, elle met en lumière un ensemble de structures sociologiques qui agissent comme une condition des pratiques et des relations de coopération et d’autorité très concrètes au sein de la machine administrativo-politique à fabriquer du compromis que sont les institutions et le milieu plus général qu’elles représentent. Tout en montrant les apports possibles de cette perspective, la première partie apporte également quelques précisions de méthode et limites utiles pour faire fonctionner cette grille d’analyse en complémentarité avec d’autres. Dans cette deuxième partie, nous n’en développeront pas les conséquences pour l’analyse des politiques publiques européennes singulières dont l’espace est à construire au cas par cas (sur ces aspects, Ponte et al. , 2017 ; Bigo, 2018 ; Roger, 2020 ; Georgakakis, 2022). Nous nous concentrerons sur ce que cette grille lecture nous dit des transformations de moyen terme et plus récentes du champ administratif européen sous sa forme générique et depuis son centre bruxellois.
Les années Juncker : un bilan économique et social de la Commission européenne 2014-2019
Authors: Tholoniat Luc
Published: February 2022

Les années 2014-2019 suivent et précèdent les deux pires crises économiques que l’Union européenne ait jamais connues : la « grande crise financière » du tournant des années 2010 et la « grande crise sanitaire » de l’année 2020. Au cours des cinq années du mandat de Jean-Claude Juncker à la présidence de la Commission européenne, les priorités, doctrines et pratiques ont profondément évolué au niveau européen. Dans un contexte qualifié parfois de « polycrise », ou bien perçu uniquement au prisme du Brexit, les performances économiques et sociales se sont améliorées et les politiques européennes ont pris de nouvelles inflexions. Ces changements ont contribué à tourner la page des crises précédentes et pourront servir de jalons à l’avenir.
Indépendance institutionnelle, concentration des pouvoirs et changements administratifs à la Banque centrale européenne
Authors: Bowles Carlos , Dufour Julien
Published: February 2022

La BCE jouit d’une indépendance très forte et simultanément de pouvoirs importants. Si ces pouvoirs ont surtout été étudiés du point de vue de ses compétences, de son processus de décision politique et de ses organes centraux (président/e, directoire, Conseil des gouverneurs, etc.), cet article pointe une dynamique proprement administrative qui a contribué au renforcement de la BCE. Face à la concentration du pouvoir qui a résulté non seulement du statut mais aussi d’une interprétation extensive que l’institution a faite de son indépendance, des contre-pouvoirs internes ont émergé. Par une forme de « ruse de la raison publique », ces derniers ont contribué aux changements de l’administration de la banque dans un processus continu jusqu’à la période récente. L’article détaille certaines des transformations administratives qui en ont résulté.
Les « événements de vie » : une comparaison des enquêtes menées en France et en Allemagne sur la complexité des démarches administratives
Authors: Kühnhenrich Daniel
Published: February 2022

Les enquêtes « événements de vie » (EdV) examinent la complexité des démarches administratives perçue par les particuliers en France et en Allemagne et font partie des efforts gouvernementaux en matière de simplification. Pour 2018-2019, les résultats indiquent une perception similaire : en France, 25 % des personnes jugent les démarches compliquées contre 28 % en Allemagne. Cependant, on constate une grande différence pour les EdV liés à la déclaration des impôts, la naissance d’un. e enfant, la précarité financière, la perte d’un emploi et les démarches concernant les véhicules. Ainsi, les enquêtes offrent une méthode et une référence utiles pour identifier les meilleures pratiques.
La politique de transformation publique de 2017 à 2021
Authors: Chevallier Jacques
Published: February 2022

S’inscrivant dans la perspective plus large d’une réforme de l’État, qui comporte d’autres aspects et dont elle est indissociable, la politique de « transformation publique » déployée après 2017 a entendu promouvoir un « État plus proche, plus simple, plus efficace ». Si sa mise en œuvre a été perturbée par une succession d’événements qui ont entraîné un infléchissement de la démarche, elle n’en devrait pas moins contribuer à faire évoluer le modèle français d’État.
Porphyromonas gingivalis Gingipains Induce Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression and Prostaglandin E2 Production via ERK1/2-Activated AP-1 (c-Jun/c-Fos) and IKK/NF-κB p65 Cascades
Authors: Nakayama Masaaki , Naito Mariko , Omori Kazuhiro , Ono Shintaro , Nakayama Koji , Ohara Naoya
Published: February 2022

Porphyromonas gingivalis is commonly known as one of the major pathogens contributing to periodontitis, and its persistent infection may increase the risk for the disease. The proinflammatory mediators, including IL-6, TNF-α, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2)/PGE2, are closely associated with progression of periodontitis. In this study, we focused on the cysteine protease “gingipains,” lysine-specific gingipain, arginine-specific gingipain (Rgp) A, and RgpB, produced by P. gingivalis, and used the wild-type strain and several gene-deletion mutants (rgpA, rgpB, kgp, and fimA) to elucidate the involvement of gingipains in COX-2 expression and PGE2 production. We infected human monocytes, which are THP-1 cells and primary monocytes, with these bacterial strains and found that gingipains were involved in induction of COX-2 expression and PGE2 production. We have shown that the protease activity of gingipains was crucial for these events by using gingipain inhibitors. Furthermore, activation of ERK1/2 and IκB kinase was required for gingipain-induced COX-2 expression/PGE2 production, and these kinases activated two transcription factors, c-Jun/c-Fos (AP-1) and NF-κB p65, respectively. In particular, these data suggest that gingipain-induced c-Fos expression via ERK is essential for AP-1 formation with c-Jun, and activation of AP-1 and NF-κB p65 plays a central role in COX-2 expression/PGE2 production. Thus, we show the (to our knowledge) novel finding that gingipains with the protease activity from P. gingivalis induce COX-2 expression and PGE2 production via activation of MEK/ERK/AP-1 and IκB kinase/NF-κB p65 in human monocytes. Hence it is likely that gingipains closely contribute to the inflammation of periodontal tissues.
L'enciclica "Veritatis Splendor": prospettive per l'etica medica
Authors: Carrasco de Paula Ignazio
Published: February 2022

L'articolo intende mettere di rilievo il doppio rapporto esistente tra l'enciclica Veritatis Splendor e l'Etica Medica. Da una parte, il recente documento pontificio si presenta come una riflessione sui fondamenti della morale cattolica, motivata dalla necessità di superare alcune interpretazioni errate (principalmente il consequenzialismo e il proporzionalismo ), le quali vorrebbero "calcolare" il bene e il male morale in base alle conseguenze o alla proporzione tra gli effetti buoni e cattivi che risultano da un determinato comportamento umano. Non è affatto un caso che queste ipotesi - che usano parametri vicini al modello utilitaristico dei "costi-benefici" - siano sorte in parte per tentare di risolvere problemi sollevati nell'ambito bioetico. Dall'altra parte, l'enciclica, riproponendo i concetti fondamentali dell'insegnamento etico cristiano, quali il rapporto fra legge e libertà, fra coscienza e verità, fra morale e fede, indica le basi teoretiche per una bioetica degna dell'uomo: il riaggancio alla metafisica e all'antropologia, il riconoscimento della legge naturale come criterio normativo razionale valido per tutti, il superamento del relativismo inerente all'etica del consenso o dell'interesse soggettivo mediante la comprensione del ruolo degli "assoluti" morali e della centralità della dignità della persona. L'Etica Medica, proponendosi il bene del paziente, deve fare attenzione a che esso corrisponda al bene della persona, altrimenti non consentirà un vero progresso morale.
Reconstruction of a sacral defect with bilateral gluteus maximus V-Y advancement flap following resection of squamous cell carcinoma (Marjolin's ulcer)
Authors: Boro Sumanjit , Kalita Deepjyoti , Kiling Dilip , Mathew Anil Kareth
Published: February 2022

The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma arising from pressure ulcers has been reported to be as low as 0.5%. Malignant transformation arising from pressure ulcers is frequently overlooked as they often present with invasive infections. This results in wide defects post-excision which may not be amicable to reconstruction with conventional locoregional flaps. Through this case report, we discuss the versatility of using the bilateral gluteus maximus V-Y advancement flap following resection of sacral squamous cell carcinoma (Marjolin's ulcer).
Posthysterectomy malignant pelvic masses – A diagnostic dilemma
Authors: Jethani Roma , Patra Sharda , Barmon Debabrata , Chhangte Zirsangliana , Baruah Upasana , Begum Dimpy , Kataki Amal Chandra
Published: February 2022

BACKGROUND:

Pelvic masses following hysterectomy are common findings in Gynecologic Oncology centers. Incomplete preoperative evaluation, inadequate surgery (subtotal hysterectomy/only hysterectomy without salpingo-oophorectomy in postmenopausal women), and delay in histopathological diagnosis are few reasons for missing out on malignant etiologies. The diagnostic dilemma exists because of unknown primary malignancy. This study aims to highlight the various pathologies that present as pelvic masses after hysterectomy and their management based on histopathological examination and immunohistochemical (IHC) markers.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This was a retrospective analysis of all women who presented in 1-year duration (January 2019–December 2019) to the gynecologic oncology department with pelvic mass and prior history of hysterectomy done outside. The data of these women were critically analyzed in regard to their demographic profile, preoperative and postoperative characteristics, histopathological and IHC markers of pelvic mass, management of the disease, and their outcome.

RESULTS:

The total number of patients eligible for the study was 17. The median time to presentation after hysterectomy was 5 years (range: 1–20 years). The origin was female genital tract in 16 women and urothelial in 1 patient. Management options of these patients were concurrent chemoradiation/palliative radiotherapy/palliative chemotherapy/palliative care. The overall survival of these patients was dismal.

CONCLUSION:

Before proceeding with hysterectomy, thorough evaluation should be done for all patients with even minimal symptoms. Early identification of malignant disease and management by a multidisciplinary team can greatly affect the overall prognosis of the patient.
Columnar cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Mardi Kavita , Chandran Anish , Raghavendra Kavya
Published: February 2022

Columnar cell carcinoma variant is a rare aggressive variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) with unique histological features. They represent only 0.15%–0.2% of all PTCs. It is difficult to diagnose them on fine-needle aspiration cytology as they lack the classic nuclear features of PTC. Histologically they can mimic metastatic carcinomas from colon, endometrium, and lung. However, characteristic histological features combined with immunohistochemistry (IHC) findings help in accurate diagnosis. We describe the cytological, histopathological, and IHC findings of a rare case of PTC-CCV in a 23-year-old female and review the pertinent literature. It is important to diagnose this variant of PTC accurately, as it has prognostic and therapeutic implications.
Intensification of adjuvant treatment in early oral cancers
Authors: Kumar Anuj , Sinha Shwetabh , Laskar Sarbani Ghosh
Published: February 2022

Combined modality therapy with surgery followed by appropriate adjuvant treatment with radiation therapy with or without concurrent chemotherapy based on risk factors is the standard of care for locally advanced cancers. However, in early cancers with unfavorable features, treatment policies vary across different centers, with decisions often based upon the treating oncologist's clinical discretion and institutional practice. In this review article, we intend to discuss the existing literature on the role of adjuvant treatment intensification in early node-negative and single node-positive oral cavity cancers.
A case of giant unruptured jejunal gastrointestinal stromal tumor
Authors: Jayabal Pandiaraja , Arumugam Shalini
Published: February 2022

A gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is a most common mesenchymal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract. GIST is more common on the stomach, followed by the small intestine and rarely occur in other locations. We present an unusual case of large jejunal GIST arises from the antimesenteric border. Most of the small intestinal GIST present as a mobile mass in the right iliac fossa. Hence, a patient with mobile right iliac fossa mass without signs of obstruction or minimal signs of obstruction should consider the small bowel GIST as one of the differential diagnosis and plan for prompt intervention. Good preoperative imaging will diagnose small intestine GIST. Proper preoperative diagnosis and timely intervention will reduce the complication such as tumor rupture, spillage, R1 resection, and local recurrence. Postsurgical chemotherapy with Imatinib will reduce the recurrence rate and increase the survival.
Long-term control of recurrent disease in a patient with hormones receptor-positive breast cancer
Authors: Yadav Budhi Singh , Mahajan Rohit , Bal Amanjit , Gupta Ankita
Published: February 2022

A 45-year-old female was diagnosed with infiltrating duct carcinoma (IDC) left breast in 1982. She underwent a mastectomy followed by locoregional radiotherapy and chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil. The patient developed left axillary swelling (3 cm × 3 cm) in 2004; fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was suggestive IDC, metastatic. The patient was started on tablet letrozole 2.5 mg but stopped it due to a cardiac problem. She reported with increase in the size of left axillary swelling in 2008. FNAC was reported as IDC, recurrence. There were no metastases on further workup. She was started on exemestane 25 mg and was also given radiotherapy to the left axilla. In 2012, bone scan was suggestive of multiple skeletal metastases. She was put on exemestane till 5 years. Again in 2013, she had left axillary swelling but the patient was not willing for FNAC. The patient was now started on anastrozole 1 mg. She again had back pain; bone scan was done and it was suggestive of multiple skeletal metastases. She was continued on anastrazole. In February 2015, she developed small nodules in the left axilla and anterior abdominal wall. FNAC of both sites was positive for carcinoma, metastatic. Bone scan again showed multiple skeletal metastases. Positron emission tomography scan did suggest local recurrence with metastatic radiculopathy in left axilla and widespread metastases Biopsy from the left axilla revealed IDC and it was strong estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor positive, and Her 2 neu negative. She was 78 years now with KPS 40 and cardiac morbidity. Her disease progressed rapidly to lungs and she died.