bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Datenökosysteme
Authors: Gelhaar Joshua , Lis Dominik
Published: November 2023

Die zunehmende Digitalisierung der Geschäftswelt führt dazu, dass wirtschaftlicher Wert immer weniger von einer Organisation allein geschaffen wird, sondern vielmehr durch das Teilen und die gemeinsame Nutzung von Daten in sogenannten Datenökosystemen. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über die Grundlagen dieses Themenkomplexes und stellt Möglichkeiten zur Interaktion in Datenökosystemen dar.
Die ökonomisch und ökologisch effiziente Transformation der Salzgitter Flachstahl GmbH
Authors: Hoffjan Andreas , Molzberger Mike
Published: November 2023

Die Salzgitter Flachstahl GmbH ist mit ca. 5.500 Mitarbeitern und einem Umsatz von 3,2 Milliarden Euro die größte Stahltochter in der Salzgitter Gruppe. Im Jahr 2021 wurden im integrierten Hüttenwerk ca. 4,3 Millionen Tonnen Rohstahl gefertigt, welche Zieh-, Tiefzieh- und Sondertiefziehstähle, Bau- und Feinkornstähle sowie hoch- und höchstfeste Stähle umfassen. Die wichtigsten Abnehmer der Flachprodukte des Unternehmens sind Fahrzeughersteller sowie deren Zulieferer, Röhren-/ Großröhrenhersteller, Kaltwalzer, der Handel und die Bauindustrie.
Effect of different stabilizers and rebaudioside A (reb A) sweetener on quality characteristics of low-calorie orange marmalade
Authors: Öztürk Şeyda , Baltacı Cemalettin
Published: November 2023

Low-calorie orange marmalade was produced using sugar and reb A (0.08%) or reb A-sugar free recipes with pectin (1%) and agar agar (AA) (1%) stabilizers. The physical, chemical, and sensory properties of the marmalades were evaluated. AA stabilizers increased the viscosity of the marmalades compared to pectin, but they did not affect samples with reb A. Low-calorie samples had higher L* and b* values and lower a* values than sugar-containing samples. Total sugar content in reb A samples was 8.30 to 9.28 g/100 g, and it was lower in agar samples produced in parallel with pectin. The hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) value was lower in sugar-free recipes (3.03 to 3.62) than in sugar-containing samples. Pectin-reb A samples had favorable taste, while AA-reb A samples favored consistency among reb A-containing samples.
The Sorption of Erythrosine E127 Dye onto Commercial Kaolin Thermokinetic Studies
Authors: Mahmoud Ashraf M. , Al-rub Samer S. Abu , Alyami Bandar A. , Alqahtaniand Abdulrahman H. , Alqarni Abdullah O. , khubrani Khalid H. , Aburub Aya S.
Published: November 2023

In this study, a highly efficient and economical method was used to remove E127 dye using commercial kaolin (CK) as the adsorbent. The optimal pH for adsorption was found to be 4.7, and the maximum surface concentration of the dye was 53.8 mg.g-1 when 125 mg of adsorbent was used. The Freundlich isotherm was used to describe the adsorption process, which suggested that the active sites in the adsorption process were randomly selected. The adsorption capacity (qmax), enthalpy (?H), and entropy (?S) were calculated to be 74.6 mg.g-1, -12.3 KJ.mol-1, and 75.0 J.mol-1, respectively. Both thermodynamic and kinetic analyses indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous, involved physical adsorption, and followed the pseudo-second-order (PSO) model. The method was effective in extracting the E127 dye up to four times.
Suicidal Ideation Detection from social media: A Detailed Review of Machine Learning and Deep Learning
Authors: Seby K.Senil , Elamparithi M. , Anuratha V.
Published: November 2023

Social networks are crucial tools for learning about people's attitudes towards various issues since they allow them to express their thoughts to friends and family. Recent years have seen considerable challenges in natural language processing (NLP) and psychology regarding the detection of suicidal ideation via online social network analysis. The complex early signs of suicide ideations can be identified with the proper use of social media information, which can afterwards save many lives. Even though numerous strategies have been used over the past few decades to identify suicidal thoughts, machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) methods offer more insightful results. So, in this study, we examine several cutting-edge ML and DL approaches for detecting suicidal ideation. We also observe a few significant issues in the entire corpus of literature that could be explored in further research. Finally, we hope this study will shed light on critical issues in identifying suicidal thoughts on social media for readers and ML and DL researchers.
Prediction of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children: A Detailed Systematic Review on Machine Learning and Deep Learning Methods
Authors: Rubala S.Mary Sebasti , Elamparithi M. , Anuratha V.
Published: November 2023

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a serious, chronic neurodevelopmental illness characterized by developmental difficulties that are permanent or restrict the growth of thinking, behaviour, activities, and social-communication skills. The signs of autism are more pronounced and more straightforward to identify in youngsters between the ages of two and three. Although there is no permanent cure for ASD, it is still challenging to identify meltdowns or other difficulties in the early stages of medical care. In order to promote brain development and raise awareness of ASD among parents and caregivers, the survey’s objective was to identify ASD at an early stage. Methods like deep learning (DL) and machine learning (ML) are currently employed to predict autism spectrum illnesses. This study provides an in-depth review of papers that predict ASD using ML and DL, as well as data analysis and classification techniques. Additionally, this survey intends to categorize and examine the various ML and DL approaches, as well as to describe the characteristics of ASD, assess performance, and show the scope of future research. For upcoming academics who want to study ASD prediction using ML and DL, this publication offers a road map.
Comparitive Study of Two ZLD Treatment Plants
Authors: Sahithya D. Devi , Lakshmi M. V. V. Chandana
Published: November 2023

Due to the increased demand for water over the past ten years, the recovery and recycling of wastewater has become a major trend. An ambitious wastewater management technique known as ZLD aims to completely remove all liquid wastes from leaving the plant or facility boundaries, with the bulk of water being recovered for reuse. This system uses cutting-edge scientific water treatment procedures to reduce the amount of liquid waste produced at the conclusion of your industrial process to zero, which is both effective and environmentally friendly. It is a procedure that benefits industrial, municipal and environmental groups because no effluent or discharge is generated. The treatment of industrial wastewater from two different companies was examined in this study over an 8-month period utilizing two ZLD treatment plants. Two ZLD processes were identical, but they were differed at two steps where batch evaporator and rotary kiln replaced each other with MEE and ATFD. In order to assess which process is reliable, two ZLD treatment plants were evaluated in terms of quantity, time, steam consumption, power consumption, and operational cost.
Impact of Sugar Cane Molasses to Concrete Strength and Concrete Retardation
Authors: Odal Algerico Jr. S.
Published: November 2023

The impacts of sugar cane molasses to the strength and retardation of concrete was investigated in this study. A total of 15 concrete cylinder of size 150mm diameter x 300mm Height with a mix ratio of 1:2:4 were cast with different percentages of sugar cane molasses replacing some proportion of water in the concrete mix. The concrete cylinder was prepared by reducing water by 10-20% with sugar cane molasses in the following percentage, 0.3% by weight of cement of molasses, 0.6% of molasses, 1.2% of molasses and 1.5% of Molasses. The concrete cylinder was cured, tested and the physical properties of concrete were determined. The slump values of the concrete increased by 10mm when the percentage of molasses increases. A decrease in compressive strength was noticed when the percentage of molasses increases. The highest final setting time of 240 minutes occurred at 1.50% of molasses. The increased in retardation of concrete was noticed when the percentages of molasses increases.
Lack of Self-confidence in Speaking English language Fluently of English Language Teachers at Public Basic Schools in Erbil
Authors: Abdullah Shler Maulood
Published: November 2023

This research investigates the pivotal role of self-confidence in fostering success in acquiring a second language, with a specific emphasis on the proficiency in the English language exhibited by elementary school English teachers in Erbil, Kurdistan. The study seeks to identify the impediments that hinder language educators from attaining fluency in spoken English and delves into the ways in which self-confidence exerts influence over their journey in language acquisition. Employing a quantitative research approach, a questionnaire was administered to a cohort of 41 elementary school English teachers hailing from diverse backgrounds and representing 41 distinct public schools during the academic year of 2021. The analysis of the data hinged on Likert scales applied to assess various variables, ultimately revealing several noteworthy barriers. These barriers encompassed a dearth of motivation, the practice of code-switching between Kurdish and English in classroom communication, inadequate opportunities for English language practice, both within and outside the classroom setting, alongside challenges linked to grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation.
The extent of economic success of the sustainable agricultural development strategy in the desert environment
Authors: Riene Djaber , Touati Bouzid
Published: November 2023

The agricultural sector suffers from several problems in the state of EL-Oued in southern Algeria at the farm level as a productive unit in the rural desert area due to human practices. Changing the way of dealing with the components of agricultural work brings many benefits in various fields. The implementation of the strategy of sustainable agricultural development achieves positive results on four axes: first, the economy ensures a higher income for the farmer with less and regulated expenditures; second, the crop is more productive and of quality; third, preserving the environment through less resource consumption with the ability to recycle agricultural waste, which reduces the environmental pollution of soil and water; fourth, biodiversity of animal and plant organisms. All axes are in the interest of man as an activist, consumer, and living being who influences and is influenced by the environment in which he lives.
Definition of Urban, Highway and Combined Driving Cycles for the city of Quito - Ecuador
Authors: Llanes-Cedeño Edilberto Antonio , Rodriguez-Munive Mateo Esteban , López-Villada Jesús , Bustamante-Villagómez Diego Fernando , Pino-Tarragó Julio César
Published: November 2023

The use of driving cycles is a widely accepted method for evaluating fuel consumption and vehicle emissions under specific local conditions. The primary objective of this study was to obtain updated driving cycles that reflect the characteristics of the city of Quito, Ecuador, during peak hours using electronic means to gather driving parameters. To achieve this, the OBD2 ELM327 module and its corresponding mobile application, Car Scanner ELM OBD2, were utilized to record, store, and export real-time data for variables such as vehicle speed, fuel consumption, distance traveled, and travel time, among others, in three zones: urban, highway, and combined. This information enables a comprehensive understanding of the level of vehicle mobility and fuel consumption during peak hours in each zone. The resulting speed vs. time graphs for the selected routes demonstrate the lowest mobility and highest consumption in the urban zone in comparison to the highway and combined zones in terms of kilometers traveled.
Atriplex (Atriplex halimus): Distribution, Morphology, Physiological Tolerance to Salinity and Drought: A Review
Authors: Gharibeh Omar E. , Shiyab Safwan M. , Saoub Hani
Published: November 2023

Atriplex halimus is a halophyte plant that is grown in semi-arid and arid regions due to its high capacity to grow in high salinity and drought conditions. The objective of this paper is to review the physiological and morphological changes of A. halimus under different conditions of salinity and drought conditions, as well as compare the different results that are concerned with this plant in the different areas where this plant exists. The result of this review has shown that A. halimus adapt to different saline conditions by creating the balance of the vegetative growth as well as changing the leaves physiology to adapt to the drought conditions by decreasing the water content which Na creates the osmotic adjustment. The A. halimus can reduce/or increase the photosynthesis process depending on the level of drought and salinity conditions. The accumulation of Na increased in the plant as the soil salinity increased. The review has shown that A. halimus increase the uptake of heavy metals if it has high concentrations in soil. The review results show that the different morphological and physiological changes of A. halimus differ from one area to another depending on the drought conditions and soil salinity concentrations. The results showed that A. halimus can be used to rehabilitate deserts that suffer high salinity and drought. Moreover, it can be used to treat the soil contaminated with heavy metals.
Global Connectivity, Spatial Proximity, Multimodal Transport, and Polycentric Urban Regions: UAE Urban Development 2020 - 2030
Authors: Brownson John A. Jamil , Touq Ahmad Bin , Almuraqab Nasser A. Saif
Published: November 2023

At a current world city scale, conurbations interweave complex multimodal systems of logistics, transport, and communications. As this process evolves into a global network of interconnected urban nodes. While diffusing globally, China’s One Belt One Road (OBOR) proposal creates an infrastructural framework for global exchange, analogous to the Ancient TransAsian links of Silk Road and Indian Ocean. Linked spatial dimensions and functional regions have always existed at different scales without any synchronized nomenclature for a grid with exact dimensional measurements. The global surface exists as a topological phenomenon of multi scalar dimensions covered by varied surface phenomena from earth to vegetation with fluid elements alternating in liquidity and flows. increasingly the world cities trend divides more advanced urban regions from less well viably connected territories, governments, industries, and commerce. Thus, the world has been experiencing an unequal distribution of trade and associated transport, logistics and handling facilities.  In relation to global trade and transport tends to focus on the post-industrialized West and East and so underplays the role of other parts of the world system, including the MENASA (Middle East–North Africa–South Asia) region. In doing so, scholars discount a variety of spatial, morphological, environmental, historical, and socio-political urban patterns particular to these other regions and cities. This article addresses this oversight by examining the United Arab Emirates coastal conurbation (U.A.E.–CC, including Dubai–Abu Dhabi–Sharjah–Ajman), with its unique global positioning and political and economic conditions. The U.A.E.–CC is explored in relation to theories of the world/global city, the airport city or aerotropolis, and the polycentric urban region (PUR). The article demonstrates the emerging formation and potential of the U.A.E.–CC PUR, a member of a world-city network specializing as a transport hub and tourist destination and a global logistics center.
Effect of Inclusion of 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Trifluoromethanesulfonate on CO2 and N2Permeabilities for PVDF and PVDF-HFP Membranes
Authors: Makino Takashi , Kanakubo Mitsuhiro , Uragami Tadashi
Published: November 2023

The CO2 and N2 permeabilities for polymer inclusion membranes, consisting of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate ([bmim][TfO]) in poly (vinylidenedifluoride) (PVDF) and poly (vinilidenedifluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP), at the temperatures from 298.2 K to 348.2 K, have been evaluated. The PVDF and PVDF-HFP membranes, containing 75 wt% of [bmim][TfO], had the CO2 permeabilities of 585 and 976 barrers, respectively, and the CO2 selectivities of 15 at 348.2 K. These values were higher than those of the supported ionic liquid membrane of [bmim][TfO] (428 barrers and 12). Furthermore, the Differential scanning calorimetry and Raman spectroscopy were performed to analyze the micro-structures of membranes. These analyses indicate that the polymer matrix was plasticized and the polymorphs changed from the non-polar a-phase to the polar b-phase by the addition of [bmim][TfO]. According to the solution-diffusion transport mechanism, it is concluded that the inclusion membranes with the sufficiently plasticized, i.e. phase-changed, PVDF and PVDF-HFP membranes absorbed the larger amount of gas species than the neat [bmim][TfO], and PVDF-HFP is more effective than PVDF for the enhancement in gas absorption.
Theoretical Understanding of How Solution Properties Govern Nanofiltration Performances
Authors: DÃ©on SÃ©bastien , DutourniÃ© Patrick , Fievet Patrick , Limousy Lionel
Published: November 2023

Mechanisms governing transfer of ions through nanofiltration membranes are complex and it is primordial to understand how rejection and selectivity performances depend on the properties of the solution. For this purpose, a knowledge model based on a coupling between equilibrium partitioning induced by steric, electric and dielectric exclusions and transport inside pores by diffusion, convection and electro-migration is proposed to theoretically discuss the influence of solution properties on performances. After detailing the physical description of this model, the influence of ion size on rejection is firstly discussed from simulations obtained in several appropriate cases. Since electrostatic interactions are known to play a role on ion rejection, the influence of ion valence and concentration is then studied and different behaviors are brought to light depending on ions considered. Finally, the influence of confinement within nanopores on water dielectric properties and its consequences for ion separation are also addressed.
Comparative Study on Composite Electrodes for Medium Temperature PEFC
Authors: Gatto I. , Carbone A. , Pedicini R. , SaccÃ  A. , Matera F. , Patti A. , Passalacqua E.
Published: November 2023

The purpose of the present study consists in the development of a MEA (Membrane-Electrode-Assembly) for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cells (PEFCs) applications at intermediate temperatures (T>100Â°C) through the introduction of inorganic compounds within the catalytic layer of the electrodes. For this aim, composite electrodes containing three inorganic compounds, with different chemical and physical properties, were developed with percentages ranging between 0-14 wt% of zeolite H-BETA, titania (TiO2) and yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) maintaining the same Platinum loading of 0.5 mg/cm2 and assembling the electrodes to a commercial N115 membrane. Electrochemical studies in terms of V-I curves were carried out in a temperature range of 80-130Â°C in order to select the optimal content of filler.A comparison between the standard electrode and the best composite electrode containing the optimal amount for each investigated inorganic material was carried out. The role of inorganic materials is to limit the ionomer swelling by maintaining the mechanical characteristics of the polymer quite unaltered and to enhance the durability of the electrocatalyst to degradation phenomena during the fuel cell operation at a temperature over the critical one. For each inorganic material, a different optimal amount was found to be dependent on their chemical-physical properties, in particular the particle size, acidity and intrinsic proton conductivity. At high temperature (130Â°C), the beneficial effect of oxides introduction is more evident: a reduced cell resistance, a reduced Tafel slope, increased OCV values and improved fuel cell performance for composite electrodes than the standard one. It was supposed that a limit in the oxide introduction exists and it depends on physical properties of the inorganic filler, in particular the grain size, the acidity, the intrinsic proton conductivity and the physical properties of the polymeric matrix used as an ionomer.
ХІТОЗАН ТА КАТІОННИЙ КРОХМАЛЬ ЯК ФЛОКУЛЯНТИ ДИСПЕРСІЇ ДІОКСИДУ СИЛІЦІЮ
Authors: Будішевська Ольга Г. , Кочубей Вікторія В. , Костик Оксана А.
Published: November 2023

Полісахариди хітозан із ступенем деацетилювання 82% та катіонний крохмаль із ступенем заміщення гідрогену в глюкопіранозних ланках на ( N , N , N -триетил- N -2-гідроксиропіламонійний фрагмент) 20% використані як флокулянти у 0,5% водній дисперсії кварцу меленого (діоксиду силіцію SiO 2 ). Турбідиметричним методом, що показує швидкість флокуляції частинок SiO2 залежить від значення рН та способу встановлення рН дисперсії середовища.
Турбідиметричним методом та термічним аналізом встановлено, що ефективна флокуляція як у випадку, коли дисперсію SiO 2 підкислюють до рН 2, після чого входять флокулянт, а потім додаванням NaOH встановлюють рН 5, що пояснюється найбільшим адсорбуванням катіонних полісахаридів на поверхні частинок SiO 2 в умовах кислого. середовища дисперсії SiO 2 (рН 2).
Флокуляція в 0,5% водній дисперсії SiO 2 має екстремальну залежність від концентрації флокулянтів, як хітозану, так і катіонного крохмалю. Найбільша швидкість флокуляції всіх при концентрації хітозану 588 мг/л, а катіонного крохмалю 560 мг/л. При концентраціях флокулянтів найменш оптимальної щільності адсорбційних шарів на поверхні частинок дисперсії недостатня для ефективної флокуляції, а при концентраціях, більших за оптимальну температуру, знижуються адсорбційні шари флокулянтів, які частково стабілізують дисперсну фазу.
ДЕКСТРИНІЗАЦІЯ КРОХМАЛЮ АЛЬФА-АМІЛАЗОЮ В УМОВАХ ВИРОБНИЦТВА ЕТИЛОВОГО СПИРТУ
Authors: Олійнічук Сергій Т. , Данилова Катерина О.
Published: November 2023

Зброджування крохмалевмісної сировини в спиртовому виробництві обмежене швидкістю ферментативного гідролізу декстринів, від чого залежить продуктивність спирту з тонни сировини. Нами проведено дослідження кінетики гідролізу крохмалю кукурудзи ферментами амілазного комплексу в залежності від їх дозування в умовах одностадійного та двостадійного процесу розрідження. В роботі використовували загальноприйняті в спиртовій промисловості методи досліджень. Умовну крохмалистість визначали поляриметрично за методом Еверса. Ферментативну активність визначали фотоколориметричним методом. За умовами здійснення ферментативного гідролізу крохмалю за температури 90 оС втрата активності ферментного препарату «Амілекс 4Т» становила 73 % вже після першої години витримування, а після трьох годин витримки активність його  складала лише 15.4 % від початкової. Режим розрідження за температури 50–70 оС впродовж однієї години та підвищення до 90 оС і витримки дві години забезпечив збереження активності ферменту, яка становила 62.9 % від початкової. У результаті розрідження сусла за різним дозуванням ферменту альфа-амілази визначено, що доза ферменту 1.5 одиниці активності на 1 г крохмалю забезпечує необхідний і достатній рівень утворення зброджуваних цукрів. Встановлено, що розчинення крохмалю за умов ступінчатого двостадійного нагріву сусла було кращим у порівнянні з одностадійним режимом. Вміст нерозчиненого крохмалю в дозрілій бражці був 0.03 проти 0.13 г/100 см3 в контролі, показники незброджених цукрів в бражці відповідали регламентованим, а вміст спирту збільшився на 0.2 %.
ВИБІР ФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНИХ КОМПОНЕНТІВ З РОСЛИННОЇ СИРОВИНИ ТА ЗАСТОСУВАНЯ ЇХ В РЕЦЕПТУРАХ ШОКОЛАДНИХ МАС
Authors: Земелько Марія Л. , Бухкало Світлана І.
Published: November 2023

У роботі досліджено вплив функціональних компонентів із рослинної сировини на властивості шоколадних мас. У кондитерській промисловості розширення асортименту продуктами функціонального призначення є актуальним напрямком розвитку. Окрім основних споживчих показників якості шоколадних мас, серед яких – органолептична оцінка та зовнішній вигляд, – було досліджено і технологічні – в’язкість, гранулометричний склад і термін зберігання. Обрані рослинні порошки мають фітоекстрогенні, антиоксидантні та пребіотичні властивості, а також можуть частково заміняти цукрову пудру в рецептурі шоколадної маси, знижуючи калорійність готового продукту і збільшують його біологічну цінність. Проведені дослідження показали, що доцільно заміняти до 10 % цукрової пудри функціональним рослинним порошком без суттєвого впливу на основні показники якості і параметри технологічного процесу. Вміст функціональних компонентів більше 20 % погіршують смак та значно збільшує в’язкість шоколадних мас. Зразки шоколадних мас з рослинними порошками мали більшу вологість, ніж контрольний зразок, та незначне «посивіння» почало з’являтися через 60 діб.
Colonialismo de dados, descolonização da rede e infraestruturas de cabos submarinos:
Authors: Figueiredo Ruy
Published: November 2023

A partir de uma prática artística que propôs a troca de “videocartas” entre jovens estudantes de escolas circunvizinhas a estações de cabo submarino em Fortaleza (Brasil), Sangano (Angola) e Salgar (Colômbia), apresentam-se definições que envolvem as infraestruturas das mídias e o debate sobre o que poderia ser a decolonização da rede digital. A proposta é colaborar com um entendimento situado sobre a Internet no Sul Global, explicitando as geografias e territórios onde se dá a presença de suas infraestruturas, destacando-se contrastes e contradições.
Forschungen in Ala Nova/Schwechat
Authors: Maspori Ana Z.
Published: November 2023

Among the fort sites on the Austrian section of the Danube Limes, Schwechat, ancient Ala Nova, was until now one of the places from which little archaeological information was available. This changes with the publication of this volume, which presents sound research results from excavations in the Roman fort and in an associated cemetery: for the first time, insights into the interior construction of the military fort and the further use of the area (1st half of the 3rd to the late 4th/early 5th century AD) are possible. At the same time, a large cemetery area (3rd century AD) in the surroundings of the military base at the Limes is presented. For the evaluation, features and find material from the area of two military barracks and a section of the ditch of the fort, as well as from 136 cremations and inhumations, some pits and a ditch in the cemetery, were included. The comprehensive analysis of the features and finds, the stratigraphic elaboration of the construction phases of the fort and of the former fort area, and the investigation of the funerary practices, all contribute to the fact that in future discussions about the Roman Limes in Austria, results from Schwechat may be referred to.
Kórosan elhízott betegeken végzett laparoszkópos csőgyomorképzés eredményességének vizsgálata
Authors: Siptár Miklós , Tóth Krisztina , Csongor Alexandra , Németh Zsuzsanna , Molnár Ferenc , Tizedes György , Márton Zsombor , Márton Sándor
Published: November 2023

Bevezetés: Az elhízás korunk népbetegsége, amely nemcsak a
társadalmak egészségügyi rendszereinek, de azok anyagi forrásainak tekintetében
is jelentős és egyre növekvő megterhelést jelent. Célkitűzés:
Prospektív, leíró klinikai tanulmányunk célja a laparoszkópos csőgyomorképzés
(gastric sleeve) hatásának tanulmányozása kórosan elhízott betegeknél, egyéves
nyomon követéssel. Módszer: Tanulmányunkba 151, laparoszkópos
csőgyomorképzésen átesett beteget vontunk be, akiknél a műtét előtti kivizsgálás
során szívultrahang-, légzésfunkciós és laborvizsgálatok történtek, felmértük az
esetleges társbetegségeket, valamint a kóros elhízás paramétereit is rögzítettük
a műtét előtt, majd fél és egy évvel azt követően. Eredmények:
A betegek testtömegindexe az első hat hónapban 26,9%-kal, egy év alatt összesen
35,4%-kal csökkent, a testzsírszázalék esetében ugyanezen időintervallumokban a
csökkenés 26,2%, illetve 35% volt. A betegek átlagéletkora 41 év volt. A műtét
előtt a szívultrahang-, légzésfunkciós és laborvizsgálatok nem mutattak jelentős
eltérést, illetve az elhízáshoz társuló kórképek alacsony arányát találtuk
(magas vérnyomás 51,7%-ban, kettes típusú cukorbetegség 13,8%-ban igazolódott).
Megbeszélés: Egyéves távlatban a műtét hatékony volt a
testsúlycsökkenés tekintetében, de az eredmények tartóssága szempontjából az
ötéves nyomon követés eredményei volnának mérvadóak, mivel fennáll az ismételt
súlynövekedés veszélye. Vizsgálatunk alapján a konzervatív kezelés
sikertelensége esetén a műtét minél fiatalabb életkorban való elvégzése
javasolt, a társbetegségek megjelenése vagy további súlyosbodása előtt elérve a
megfelelő testsúlycsökkenést. Így a perioperatív rizikó és a társbetegségek
későbbi kialakulásának vagy további romlásának valószínűsége csökken, illetve nő
a jobb életminőségben eltöltött évek száma. Következtetés: A
laparoszkópos csőgyomorképzés rövid távon hatékony súlycsökkentő eljárás. A
konzervatív kezelés eredménytelensége esetén érdemes a beteget mielőbb az
invazív eljárások irányába terelni, a perioperatív rizikó és a rossz
életminőségben eltöltött életévek számának csökkentése érdekében. Orv Hetil.
2023; 164(44): 1749–1754.
Pemodelan Pergerakan Tumpahan Minyak Sebagai Upaya Mitigasi Dampak Lingkungan di Perairan Lampung Timur, Indonesia
Authors: De Claresya Chesya Sera , Koestoer Raldi Hendrotoro Seputro , Pranowo Widodo Setiyo , Cahyadi Andri
Published: November 2023

Kegiatan eksploitasi dan eksplorasi migas seringkali menimbulkan kerusakan lingkungan sekitar, salah satunya tumpahan minyak. Pencemaran lingkungan akibat tumpahan minyak dapat berasal dari kegiatan pelayaran, kegiatan pelabuhan, dan kegiatan usaha migas. PT PGN LNG Indonesia merupakan salah satu perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang minyak dan gas bumi bertugas mengoperasikan FSRU (Floating Storage Regasification Unit) yang terletak di + 21km dari lepas pantai Labuhan Maringgai, Lampung Timur. Untuk memenuhi kebutuhan operasional, FSRU melakukan bongkar muat BBM di tengah laut dengan metode STS (Ship to Ship). Proses bongkar muat di tengah laut cenderung meningkatkan risiko pipa pecah, pipa bocor, dan kecelakaan akibat kesalahan manusia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk memitigasi penanganan tumpahan minyak untuk meminimalkan dampak lingkungan dengan memperkirakan prediksi rute tumpahan minyak berdasarkan variasi angin musim yang terjadi di sekitar wilayah operasional PT. PGN LNG Indonesia. Hasil estimasi pemodelan menunjukkan arah pergerakan tumpahan minyak di Musim Timur didominasi ke arah barat, barat daya, dan barat laut serta berdampak ke area tambak, mangrove, dan permukiman di Kecamatan Labuhan Maringgai. Pada musim lainnya, hasil menunjukkan arah pergerakan tumpahan minyak tidak mencapai daratan Sumatera dan di sepanjang garis Laut Jawa. Kedepannya, penelitian ini dapat digunakan untuk merumuskan kebijakan strategis dalam menentukan rencana mitigasi tumpahan minyak dengan menentukan area prioritas dalam penanganan tumpahan minyak.
Identifikasi Tumpahan Minyak di Laut Akibat Tank Cleaning Menggunakan Metode Tidak Terselia
Authors: Faristyawan Rizky , Wicaksono Pramaditya , Arjasakusuma Sanjiwana , Wardani Restu
Published: November 2023

Tumpahan minyak di laut dapat terdeteksi oleh citra satelit dengan sensor Synthetic Aperture Eadar (SAR) dan memungkinkan untuk diidentifikasi menggunakan berbagai macam metode baik terselia maupun tidak terselia. Salah satu metode terselia yang biasa digunakan adalah digitasi visual, namun metode ini sangat subjektif pada kapasitas interpreter. Untuk meminimalisasi subjektifitas interpreter maka metode tidak terselia perlu dikaji lebih lanjut. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengkaji algoritma tidak terselia untuk identifikasi tumpahan minyak yang diakibatkan oleh tank cleaning. Citra satelit yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah citra Sentinel-1 di wilayah perairan utara Pulau Bintan. Proses identifikasi dilakukan menggunakan metode tidak terselia, dan penelitian ini membandingkan dua algoritma dalam proses identifikasi, yaitu K-Means dan CLARA. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa dalam melakukan identifikasi perlu diketahui terlebih dahulu kondisi perairan terutama kecepatan angin dan arus laut sebelum memasuki tahap komputasi. Hasil identifikasi menggunakan kedua algoritma ini dibandingkan dengan data referensi dari LAPAN sebagai instansi yang melakukan diseminasi terkait tumpahan minyak di laut. Jika dibandingkan dengan data referensi tersebut, algoritma K-Means memiliki persentase hasil yang lebih baik dalam mendeteksi luasan tumpahan minyak, namun algoritma CLARA mampu memberikan hasil identifikasi dengan look-alike tumpahan minyak yang lebih sedikit sehingga kesalahan identifikasi menjadi minimal.
Pengaruh Salinitas yang Berbeda Terhadap Pertumbuhan Karang Lunak Cladiella Sp.
Authors: Nugroho Matius Gerry , Zainuri Muhammad , Insafitri Insafitri , Nugraha Wahyu Andy
Published: November 2023

Karang lunak mempunyai tekstur kerangka yang lunak berupa duri-duri kecil dari kalsium karbonat yang ada dalam jaringan tubuhnya. Pada umumnya karang lunak melekat pada substrat yang keras di dasar perairan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kelangsungan hidup, laju pertumbuhan relatif dan mutlak, dan perbandingan laju pertumbuhan karang lunak pada salinitas yang berbeda. Salinitas merupakan kadar garam terlarut pada air laut. Salinitas berperan penting untuk mendukung kehidupan biota laut termasuk karang lunak. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Ilmu Kelautan dari tgl 27 Januari 2019 sampai 09 Mei 2019 dengan cara mengukur panjang dan lebar fragmen karang hasil transplantasi yang di tempelkan di setiap akuarium dengan salinitas yang berbeda. Tingkat kelangsungan hidup yang didapatkan pada akuarium dengan salinitas 28, 31, dan 34 yaitu 100 % sedangkan untuk akuarium dengn salinitas 36 yaitu 40% karang lunak dapat hidup sampai akhir penelitian. Laju pertumbuhan karang lunak relatif bervariasi karena pengaruh lingkungan dan kualitas air. Sedangkan laju pertumbuhan mutlak panjang selama 3 bulan mendapatkan nilai yaitu Akuarium Salinitas 28 sebesar 3,221 cm/minggu dan 1,382 cm/minggu; Akuarium salinitas 31 sebesar 3,285 cm/minggu dan 1,433 cm/minggu; Akuarium salinitas 34 sebesar 1,753 cm/minggu dan 0,713 cm/minggu; dan Akuarium salinitas 36 sebesar 0,359 cm/minggu dan 0,224 cm/minggu. Ada perbedaan yang nyata pada laju pertumbuhan karang lunak Cladiella sp. pada salinitas yang berbeda..  Kata Kunci: Karang Lunak, Cladiella sp., Salinitas, Laju Pertumbuhan, Pertumbuhan
Pemetaan Tingkat Kerentanan Wilayah Pesisir Terhadap Perubahan Iklim di Kecamatan Gending, Kabupaten Probolinggo
Authors: Fallahiyah Silvy Ana Dwi , Sawiji Asri , Noverma Noverma
Published: November 2023

Kecamatan Gending, Kabupaten Probolinggo merupakan kawasan industri yang mulai berkembang di pesisir utara Jawa Timur. Perkembangan industri tersebut memicu terjadinya pemanasan global (perubahan iklim) yang dapat memberikan dampak negatif bagi lingkungan diantaranya adalah abrasi pantai, kemunduran garis pantai, konflik penggunaan lahan, kerusakan fisik khususnya habitat pesisir, dan lain sebagainya. Perubahan iklim yang yang terjadi terus-menerus akan dapat meningkatkan kerentanan wilayah terhadap bencana salah satunya adalah banjir rob. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji tingkat kerentanan di wilayah tersebut terhadap perubahan iklim menggunakan metode Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI). Metode CVI merupakan metode pembobotan relatif berbasis skala indeks dari parameter fisik. Parameter fisik yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi parameter pasang surut, tinggi gelombang, kemiringan pantai, perubahan garis pantai, kenaikan muka air laut, ketinggian permukaan tanah dan geomorfologi (tutupan lahan). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kecamatan Gending yang meliputi beberapa Desa diantaranya Desa Curahsawo, Desa Pajurangan, Desa Gending, Desa Pesisir dan Desa Klaseman memiliki tingkat kerentanan yang sedang dengan parameter paling berpengaruh adalah kenaikan muka air laut, dan parameter yang paling rendah pengaruhnya adalah parameter tinggi gelombang. Berdasarkan hasil analisis tersebut maka diperlukan upaya penanggulangan berupa kegiatan mitigasi baik secara hard structure maupun soft untuk mengurangi dampak dari bencana banjir rob di wilayah pesisir.
Increasing inclusion and engagement in foreign language learning
Authors: Cersosimo Rita
Published: November 2023

Multilingual digital storytelling (MDST) widens the interfaces between learner engagement, creativity and digital literacy, resulting as particularly beneficial for foreign language classes. However, thus far, little research has been conducted on MDST involving students with special educational needs. This report presents a pilot study of a nine-hour-workshop conducted with eight children aged 8 to 11, two with severe dyslexia and two with mild intellectual disability; among these, two were bilingual. The digital tool used for the workshop was Cos paces Edu, a VR-based program that allows students to create virtual environments that can be explored using cardboard headsets. Engagement in the activity, self-efficacy and interest in language learning were measured by means of a questionnaire adapted from Ahmad and Yamat (2020) which was administered at the beginning and at the end of the course. Results showed increase in all areas and more positive feelings related to foreign language learning after the MDST activity.
Improving the quality of processing the soil environment by determining the rational structural and technological parameters for the rolling working bodies
Authors: Shevchenko Igor , Golub Gennadii , Tsyvenkova Nataliya , Shevchenko Iryna , Shubenko Vladyslav , Medvedskyi Oleksandr , Pluzhnikov Oleh , Omarov Ivan
Published: November 2023

The object of this study is the process of soil compaction with ring-spur and ring-tooth rollers. Based on the zonal optimization of the agrophysical parameters of the arable horizon, the influence of the rolling working bodies on the soil environment in terms of creating a uniform set layer density during pre-sowing tillage was investigated. It was established that soil density should be evaluated in a zonal section together with its aggregate composition, humus content, moisture, etc. Smooth-water-filled, ring-tooth, and ring-spur rollers were studied. The use of a smooth water-filled roller in previous studies contributed to the high unevenness of the compaction of the upper and lower layers of the arable horizon, which indicated the impracticality of further experiments. The research of ring-tooth and ring-spur rollers was carried out by the method of a multifactorial experiment under defined soil and climatic conditions (soil type, sod-podzolic; layer-by-layer soil moisture, 26...28 %; layer-by-layer soil density, 0.96...1.25 g/cm3). Regression models were built of the influence of the specific load, the frequency of passes, and the working speed of the unit on the density of the soil in layers: 0–5; 5–10; 10–15; 15–20; 20–25; 25–30 cm. To assess the heterogeneity of soil density in layers 0–5 and 5–10 cm, a data array was constructed. It was established that the ring-spur roller, even at a speed of up to 6 km/h, is not a tool suitable for regulating the equilibrium density of the seed layer. The best for pre-sowing soil cultivation is a ring-tooth roller (specific soil load, 350 kg/m; unit speed up to 6 km/h).
The derived regression equations make it possible to select such a specific load on the ring-tooth roller that could provide a rational value of the layer density of the soil. This is economically and environmentally expedient.
Development and application of fluid characterization algorithms to obtain an accurate description of a PVT model for Kazakhstani oil
Authors: Ismailova Jamilyam , Delikesheva Dinara , Abdukarimov Aibek , Zhumanbetova Nargiz , Sarsenova Adel
Published: November 2023

Compositional reservoir modeling often requires a large number of instantaneous calculations. To reduce the dimension of the problem and the amount of computation, several components are usually grouped into pseudo-components. However, to model surface processes, it is important to have a detailed phase composition. Accurate fluid composition requires laboratory analysis, which is costly and time-consuming. This study addresses this issue by introducing an advanced delumping procedure aimed at providing an accurate fluid characterization.
The primary objective was to develop a sophisticated delumping procedure capable of precisely describing detailed fluid compositions from calculations involving mixtures. Its goal is to reduce reliance on laboratory analysis, making the process more efficient. The results obtained from this research can improve the planning and modeling of surface facilities, developed under conditions of reservoir pressure above saturation pressure.
To test the effectiveness of the proposed delumping and achieve the goals set, experiments were carried out on compositional simulation of oil production in the Caspian basin. The procedure uses reduction parameters calculated from simulation data and an analytical approach to characterize fluid compositions from the original data. Detailed fluid compositions obtained through laboratory PVT analysis were then compared with the results of simulation using PVTsim software and numerical delumping procedures. The findings showed a close agreement between the outcomes of detailed compositions obtained through the delumping procedure and of laboratory analysis, with an average deviation less than 5 %, confirming the effectiveness of delumping as an alternative method for obtaining an accurate fluid composition
Results of the expert survey assessing the efficiency level of the national regulatory system in the field of medicines turnover
Authors: Suvorov Maxim , Kotvitska Alla
Published: November 2023

The aim. The aim of the research is to analyze the efficiency level of the national regulatory system in the field of medicines circulation using self-diagnostic tools, which will allow identifying reserves for its optimization and further improvement.
Materials and methods. The research materials consisted of the results of a survey conducted among government officials of national regulatory authorities in the field of medicines circulation. The research utilized methods of sociological survey, descriptive statistics, graphical analysis, data grouping, and generalization techniques. The research includes the development of a questionnaire based on the World Health Organization's "Global Benchmarking Tool" methodology, adapted to the national healthcare system. The questionnaire consisted of 2 questions to determine respondent characteristics and 104 statements about the functioning of the national regulatory system in the field of drug circulation.
Results. According to 75 % of the surveyed officials in Ukraine, an effective regulatory system operates in the field of drug circulation. Based on the number of affirmative answers, all statements were divided into 4 groups: high, sufficient, moderate, and low. Thus, the quality management system of national regulatory authorities was evaluated at a high level, while the funding system of national regulatory authorities received the lowest ratings. The grouping allowed us to identify weaknesses in the activity of the national regulatory system in the field of drug circulation, such as the lack of funds in budgets for staff training and overall insufficient funding for national regulators, including insufficient funding from international donors, lack of clarity and comprehensiveness in the regulatory framework for the pharmaceutical sector, etc.
Conclusions. In accordance with the aim of the article, we conducted research on the efficiency level of the national regulatory system in the field of drug circulation, which revealed that the most mature and effective direction of its activity today is the development and implementation of quality systems in national regulatory authorities
"Greening" of the industrial technology of enoxaparin sodium synthesis
Authors: Bovsunovska Yuliia , Rudiuk Vitalii , Georgiyants Victoriya
Published: November 2023

The aim: carrying out stages of synthesis of intermediates of Enoxaparin sodium, considering the variation of synthesis parameters. Correlation analysis between the technological parameters of the synthesis and the quality of the obtained samples. Evaluation of the influence of the quality of semi-finished products on the quality of the final substance. Implementation of the principles of green chemistry in the synthesis of Enoxaparin sodium by reducing the production cycle and using the most environmentally friendly solvents and reagents.
Materials and methods: samples of intermediates of the substance Enoxaparin sodium were synthesized according to the method described in the patent, as well as with a variation of the selected critical technological parameters. The obtained samples of intermediate products were analyzed according to the internal specification. In addition, an NMR-spectroscopy analysis was carried out for detailed structural characterization of Enoxaparin sodium intermediate molecules.
Results: the method of synthesis of intermediates of the Enoxaparin substance proposed in the patent was evaluated and the critical parameter for the formation of the final molecule was selected, namely the reaction mass holding time. The intermediate of Enoxaparin sodium - benzethonium salt of heparin and benzyl ester of heparin were developed according to the selected parameters and the analysis of the obtained samples was carried out according to the internal ND. Taking into account the principles of green chemistry, the method of synthesis of the intermediate product - benzyl ester of heparin was optimized by solvent regeneration.
Conclusions: As a result of the research, the methods of synthesis of intermediates of Enoxaparin were evaluated and the technological parameters of the synthesis of intermediates were determined, allowing to obtain a substance equivalent to the original Clexane® and Lovenox®. Evaluation of the method of synthesis of intermediate products according to the principles of green chemistry was carried out. The possibilities of greening the synthesis were analyzed. The holding time of the reaction mass of the benzethonium salt of heparin was reduced from 6 to 4 hours, and the benzyl ester of heparin from 25 to 22 hours. The E-factor indicator was reduced by regeneration of the solvent at the stage of synthesis of heparin benzyl ester