bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hybrid energy efficiency mapping in major Saudi locations using small wind turbine-solar systems
Authors: Alghamdi Abdulrahman , S Mandourah Talal
Published: June 2022

The use of fossil fuels of all kinds, such as natural gas, coal and petroleum in energy production, is the main cause of environmental pollution from air, water and soil, which is the direct cause of acid rain, the destruction of forests, the acidity of lakes, and the extinction of many living creatures that could not resist what happened Burning this fuel is due to a change in the surrounding environment. From this, it becomes clear to us the need for new sources to produce clean energy that does not pollute the environment, and work must be developed on these new sources for use in the production of clean energy in the coming years. The purpose of this work is to determine the efficiency of vertical axis turbines to be among the components of a hybrid system (solar/wind) to generate electric power in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The work seeks to answer the research question, what is the efficiency of vertical axis turbines in generating electricity within a hybrid system (solar/wind) to generate electric power in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The aim of the work is to analyze the vertical axis turbines and determine efficiency within the hybrid system in the regions of Saudi Arabia. There are many renewable energy sources (wind, solar thermal energy, solar photovoltaic, biomass, small and large hydropower and geothermal energy). But their efficiency is not stable from time to time, so the idea of hybrid energy came to make up for the shortage, by integrating the energy source Renewables with one or more other sources of energy (In 1999, McGowan and Manwell (1999) presented a summary of WND-PV-DSL HPS progress in the United States.) whether it is a non-renewable or renewable source [1].
Exploring waste and sanitation-borne hazards in Rohingya refugee camps in Bangladesh
Authors: Uddin Sayed Mohammad Nazim , Gutberlet Jutta , Chowdhury Anika Tasnim , Parisa Tahlil Ahmed , Nuzhat Samiha , Chowdhury Sidratun Nur
Published: June 2022

Improper sanitation and waste management is the number one cause for ill health, disease and death throughout the world, particularly under extremely dense living conditions in refugee camps in the global South. This paper discusses the results of a mixed-method study conducted in Rohingya refugee camps, located in Chittagong, Bangladesh, currently hosting the world's largest concentration of refugees. Our structured questionnaire, group discussion and interviews were centered on waste-borne hazards. The research has evidenced severe challenges associated with overall precarious sanitation and waste situations in the camps. Garbage littering and open defecation are widely practiced. Congested drainage systems contribute to flooding, bringing waste and contaminants into people's homes. Improvements can be made by involving camp inhabitants in decision-making processes and giving them greater ownership in everyday infrastructure maintenance. Our research suggests that community participation is the key tool to maintain proper cleanliness of drains and toilets. Creating a stronger sense of community in the camps and practicing transparency and inclusion in planning and decision-making can contribute to addressing the key threats identified in this research and also apply to other refugee camps worldwide, with similar hazardous living conditions.
Impact of irrigation with Lake Abaya water on soil quality – southern Rift Valley, Ethiopia
Authors: Setegn Yalelet Abera , Kassa Kinfe , Dagalo Samuel , Tsegaye Dereje
Published: June 2022

The study's aim was to assess the impact of using water from Lake Abaya for irrigation and its impact on soil quality at Mirab Abaya, Ethiopia. Six water samples from the edge of Lake Abaya and 30 (18 irrigated and 12 rain-fed) composite soil samples from farm lands in Wajifo, Fura and Algae were collected. Analyses showed that the use of water from Lake Abaya will bring a soil salinity hazard in future. The soil analyses showed variations in space and time in the physico-chemical components in the study area. The highest salinity was reported from Algae, the closest site to the Lake. The highest soil alkalinity was reported from Wajifo, which has a long irrigation history. The irrigated soils reported higher salinity than the rain-fed soils, indicating that water from Lake Abaya can affect irrigated soil quality. In general, Lake Abaya water is not suitable for salt-sensitive crops and caution is required in using it for irrigation.
Retracted: Design and development of an integrated environmental waste management system with a sustainable solution
Authors: Wang Xinman
Published: June 2022

Water Supply issues a formal retraction in relation to the above article by Xinman Wang. The publisher issues this retraction due to concerns that were raised regarding potential citation manipulation due to inappropriate references. The journal did not receive a satisfactory response to these concerns and as such the Editors-in-Chief no longer have confidence in the integrity of the article.
Festa de São Bernardo, “do Maranhão à matriz”
Authors: Da Silva Sylvana Marques , Thiago Pereira Lima  , Barreto Barros Mateus Sá , Souza dos Santos Maria do Amparo
Published: June 2022

O artigo é resultado do exame das estratégias de reorganização da tradicional festa de São Bernardo/MA. Face a diretrizes governamentais e eclesiais direcionadas pelas medidas de isolamento social impostas à população em decorrência da pandemia causada pelo Coronavírus (SARS-CoV-2), a festa do padroeiro, que movimenta de modo intenso a cidade de São Bernardo, em âmbito sociopolítico e econômico, foi comprometida. Neste contexto de mortes e incertezas, a fé torna-se uma defesa, reforçada com a reunião dos fieis nas celebrações. Parte-se do construcionismo para análise das observações etnográficas e netnográficas nos ambientes investidos para a produção do evento. No processo organizacional, a inserção em uma realidade velozmente foi adotada e engendrada na vivência dos devotos, reconfigurando o principal sistema de representação local da interação da fé católica: a Festa Tradicional de São Bernardo. As transformações ocorridas foram centrais para o arranjo dos laços e a permanência do evento enquanto poder estruturante, produzindo um cenário de r-existência da dinâmica festiva.
In Silico Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Hydroxyxanthone Derivatives
as Potential Anti-diabetic Agents Targeting α-glucosidase
Authors: Saikia Riya , Das Aparoop , Pathak Kalyani , Gogoi Neelutpal , Paul Tirna , Sahariah Jon Jyoti , Sarma Himangshu
Published: June 2022

Background:

Glucosidase is a catalytic enzyme that catalyzes, specifically hydrolyses, the carbohydrates to free glucose units in blood in the last step of carbohydrate metabolism. So far, many compounds with α-glucosidase inhibitory activity for example, acarbose, voglibose etc., have been accounted and commercialized for diabetes therapy. However, Xanthones are recognized as efficient glucosidase inhibitors because of their planar structure and thereby opens the door for the researchers to utilize the same for designing and developing potent and novel hybrid xanthones for anti-diabetic therapy.

Objectives:

The current study aimed to determine and evaluate the anti-diabetic potential of different synthetic hydroxylxanthone derivatives using Nicotinamide and Streptozotocin(60mg/kg i.p.) induced diabetic rats.

Methods:

The partially purified synthetic hydroxyxanthone derivatives namely A1,A2, A3, A4, and A5 were administered to diabetic rats with a dose of 150mg/kg, per oral(p.o.) and the effect of the fraction on blood glucose level was studied upto 21 days. Further, the synthetic compounds were subjected to spectral analysis for their characterization.

Results:

The in-silico molecular docking results indicated that the compound A3 has shown the best binding energy score. Also, the in-vivo anti-diabetic potential of the synthetic hydroxyxanthone derivatives have revealed that the compounds A3 and A2 were significantly effective in controlling the blood glucose level when compared to the standard drug miglitol. In addition, compounds A3 and A2 were found to be effective in restoring the enzymes of liver and lipid profile in Streptozotocin-induced Wistar rat models.

Conclusion:

With an objective to investigate the compounds for predicting biological activity, it was found that the hydroxyxanthonepossesses a safety margin for toxicity and acts as a lead towards the development of potential α-glucosidase inhibitors. These compounds show excellent correlation between docking results, synthetic data and in-vivo anti-diabetic activity. However, further modifications can be done to enhance the potency, binding affinity profile and minimize toxicity.
Engineered Metamaterials: a Novel Technology for Seismic Protection
Authors: Chen Tungyang
Published: June 2022

Metamaterials are artificially engineered and so boast properties not found in nature. One important application is in earthquake mitigation. In a 'cloaking' process, seismic metamaterials can shield buildings from seismic waves. Professor Tungyang Chen, Department of Civil Engineering,
National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan, is working with doctoral student Jun-Hong Lin and former master's student Dian-Kai Guo on research to provide new designs of seismic metamaterials. They are utilising theoretical analyses, numerical modelling – including finite element calculations
based on the multiphysics simulation software COMSOL – laboratory-scale experiments and full-scale field tests with the goal of attenuating earthquakes and ultimately protecting buildings and saving lives. A focus for Chen and the team is on shear horizontal waves, or Love waves, and
how they can be attenuated by seismic metamaterials. The researchers developed a transversely isotropic model designed to imitate the Earth's geological conditions and were able to assess how Love waves interacted with different resonators and discovered that resonators can be engineered to
adjust their frequencies and act as a shield for seismic waves. Chen and the team will extend this line of investigation to include other types of ground motion. The researchers are also developing a tool for seismic cloaking in work that involves designing a material with proper internal
structures and material compositions.
Research on Strategy Discovery and Optimisation of an Intelligent Option Trading System
Authors: Huang Chien-Feng
Published: June 2022

'Blue Ocean' is a term that refers to an unexploited or uncontested market space. AI, machine learning and Big Data has presented a range of technologies for exploring Blue Ocean market spaces. For example, in the world of financial technology (fintech) introducing new investment strategies
could have an impact on investment opportunities. Professor Chien-Feng Huang, Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National University of Kaohsiung, Taiwan, conducts novel research to discover and optimise an intelligent option trading system. In one line of research,
he is working to solve the problem of combining different strategies to generate generalised models to tackle various financial circumstances while investing. A feasible way to do this, according to the studies of Huang and his team, is to utilise AI-based optimisation methodologies. Through
their studies, the researchers are seeking to advance the research and applications of fintech and discover more efficient and effective investment models to create blue ocean strategies within finance. Huang is also working on autonomous self-evolving forecasting models for price movement
in high frequency trading (HFT). He and his team have developed novel AI-based models for forecasting price movement in HFT and found that their proposed methods can increase the prediction accuracy for HFT price movement and advance the current state of HFT research. Huang has had encouraging
results so far with the stock selection models, pairs-trading models and options-trading models developed and deployed in the market proving viable.
Static and Dynamic Load Carrying Capacity of Concrete Members Damaged by Internal Expansion-Induced Deterioration
Authors: Tamai Hiroki
Published: June 2022

Structures in Japan are stressed by harsh environmental and mechanical actions resulting from the sea and mountainous areas. This is why it is particularly important to find ways to maintain the integrity of structures in this country. This involves advanced experiments and structural
analysis. Assistant Professor Hiroki Tamai, Structural Analysis Laboratory, Kyushu University, Japan, leads a team working to quantify the effects of salt-induced rebar corrosion and alkali-silica reaction (ASR) degradation on the residual load-bearing capacity of reinforced concrete (RC)
members and structures. The goal is to use the acquired findings in the development of a method to accurately assess the condition of damaged structures and promptly respond with appropriate actions such as repair and reinforcement. The work involves extensive analytical research, including
advanced experiment and numerical analysis, as well as quantitative evaluations and non-destructive inspection methods, some of which use Artificial Intelligence-based diagnosis systems. In their latest investigations, the researchers have been studying the quantitative understanding of the
cracking behavior of concrete deteriorated by internal expansion using X-ray CT and other techniques, and the evaluation of the static and dynamic load-bearing capacity of RC beams with deteriorated damage. This will enable them to accurately identify damage to structural members and structures
due to deterioration caused by internal expansion, to better understand their residual capacity, and to propose more appropriate repair and reinforcement methods.
Development of oxidatively degradable polymeric materials that can be easily recycled and reused, reducing negative environmental impacts.
Authors: Kihara Nobuhiro
Published: June 2022

Polymers are useful and increasingly prolific and their improper disposal is a growing problem. Diacylhydrazine can be incorporated into polymers to enhance thermal and chemical stability and may also make them oxidatively degradable, which means they can be easily and safely disposed
of after use, with no environmental implications. Professor Nobuhiro Kihara, Department of Chemistry, Kanagawa University, Japan, recognised the need for a polymer that has a degradation reaction initiated by artificial stimuli, which led him to study oxidatively degradable polymers. Using
diacylhydrazine, he and his team have developed a polymer that boasts attractive properties and numerous applications and benefits. The polymer maintains high strength, is weather resistant and resistant to heat, water, acid and sunlight yet is rapidly degradable when it is time to start the
degradation process. This means that it can be easily and conveniently disposed of after use. It can be used in plastic, adhesive or paint and the composite materials can be separated and recycled or reused after use. The expectation is that oxidative degradation will reduce the load for the
disposal of plastic and there are further opportunities to explore as there is potential for the use of various oxidant-induced degradation reactions in the design of degradable polymers, as well as artificial stimuli other than oxidation, for example electric current, to promote degradation.
Kihara and the team have developed an oxidatively degradable epoxy resin that can be used as an adhesive and an oxidatively degradable SAP (superabsorbent polymer).
An invaluable vehicle for international collaboration
Authors: Annette Lucy
Published: June 2022

Collaboration is key to discovery and the National Science Foundation (NSF) is an example of a vehicle that is crucial to the scientific community as it facilitates international collaboration. It is a federal agency that was set up in 1950 and invests in basic research across the spectrum
to support discovery and innovation. In the NSF's Fiscal Year (FY) 2020 Performance and Financial Highlights report Director Sethuraman Panchanathan said that the agency is 'the Nation's preeminent source of federal funding for basic research in computer science, engineering, biology, the
social sciences, mathematics, geosciences, the physical sciences, and education'. NSF has an annual budget of around US$8.3 billion and a broad reach, directly supporting an estimated 313,000 people in 2020. This support assisted researchers, postdoctoral fellows, trainees, teachers
and students in bringing their ideas to life and, ultimately, moving closer to real-world impacts with the potential to solve societal challenges. Discovery, learning and research infrastructure are NSF's key strategic goals and it places emphasis on diverse, interdisciplinary and international
collaborations in order to extend its reach as far as possible and invests in research connected to learning, innovation and service to society. Assistant directors head up NSF's seven sections; each one intended to support research and education in science and engineering. The sections are:
biological sciences, computer and information science and engineering, engineering, geosciences, mathematical and physical sciences, social, behavioural and economic sciences, and education and human resources. In 2020, $8.4 billion funding was awarded by NSF to 1,900 colleges, universities
and other institutions.
Cultivation and molecular biological analysis of copper reducing bacteria as for a copper recycling from low-grade metal ore
Authors: Hosoda Akifumi
Published: June 2022

The growing proliferation of machines such as laptops, computers and smartphones on a global scale means an increase in different types of metals that aren't easily recyclable. Typically, to be recycled these metals are dissolved at a high temperature before being separated by precipitation
using a strong acid. A byproduct of this is significant amounts of CO2 and the acids used can end up in water systems. Dr Akifumi Hosoda, Meijo University, Japan, is interested in developing a better means of recycling electronic waste. A key focus for him and his team is copper and how the
biochemical exploitation of microbes might provide a suitable method for recycling this metal. Copper has a high bactericidal effect and the goal is to find a microorganism that can oxidise this metal in the environment. In recent work, Hosoda and the team have cultivated and performed molecular
biological analysis of copper-reducing bacteria for copper recycling from low-grade metal ore. The goal is to produce copper ions generated by the team's culture and ascertain whether different forms of copper can be extracted from copper sulfide by reducing copper through its bacterial inhabitants.
By performing analyses, the researchers will be able to understand more about the bacteria that have grown in the cultures and clarify the main bacteria in the copper-reducing reaction.
Development of a new generation of ion beams
Authors: Nojima Masashi
Published: June 2022

Ion beams have many applications. Junior Associate Professor Masahi Nojima, Research Institute of Science and Technology at the Tokyo University of Science, Japan, is working to create a new generation of ion beams. Already, he has successfully developed new techniques for producing
focused ion beams (FIB). In his most recent work, Nojima has developed a metallic solution ion source that will be used to construct unknown functional materials by using ion beams made up of specific elements. The metallic solution ion source can generate a copy of an original structure using
elementally selected materials. With support from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), KAKENHI, the academic incentive system of the KIOXIA Corporation 2021 and the Toshiba Electric Devices & Storage Corporation 2021, Nojima is seeking to open up new materials for use
as ion sources utilising electrospray ionisation (ESI) methods. By harnessing the elements of FIBs primarily created from liquid metal ion source (LMIS) by field ionisation processes, Nojima hopes to create new generations of ion beams. To date, he and the team have displayed the result of
mass separating metallic ion solution ion beams on random conditions and, looking ahead, intend to estimate the stopping range of mass selected ion beams in solid materials.
Preparation of high-efficiency anti-reflective oxide electrodes and their application in biomedical testing and thin-film lithium batteries
Authors: Lin Kuan-Jiuh
Published: June 2022

Nanomaterials hold great potential in the development of lithium-ion microbatteries and could assist in developing ever smaller and more reliable power sources to facilitate 21st Century life. Professor Kuan-Jiuh Lin is based in the Department of Chemistry, National Chung Hsing University,
Taiwan, and runs the Interfacial Optical-Electronic (IOE) Lab. He and his team leader Dr Wen-Yin Ko are working to address gaps in nanotechnology, including how to conquer the strong interfacial coupling between the porous semiconductor membrane and the electro-plasmon metal-surface film.
Their research is expected to have broad applications across electronics and optoelectronics. In a recent project, the researchers are working to develop more efficient lithium-ion microbatteries (micro-LIBs) using active nanostructured anode materials such as carbon nanomaterials composed
of porous carbon, graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The researchers have developed a lightweight and high-rate CNT-based anode system that holds great potential for fast-charging batteries. The team has also created metal-doped MnO2 nanowalls with inter-networked vertically-oriented
three-dimensional (3D) porous frameworks directly onto a AgCNT modified current collector, resulting in a superior performance anode material for LIBs. The researchers also created a novel 3D porous scaffold anode material of silicon–porphyrin pearl-chain-like nanowires which was placed
onto the surface of a bundled titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanowire. In a world first, Lin and the team were able to achieve dial functionalities of antireflective and electrochemical properties-based anatase TiO2 nanowire devices with a high-porosity cross-linked geometry
directly grown onto transparent conductive glass.
OPTIMIZATION OF GLYCEMIC CONTROL IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES AND ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME
Authors: Ivanova L. A.
Published: June 2022

These data suggest that careful control of blood glucose maintaining it within 4,4–7,8 mmol/lin the acute phase of myocardial infarction and 10–11 mmol/l in the subacute stage associated withrelatively fewer complications of acute coronary syndrome in stationary phase of the treatment andthe best long-term prognosis. Using of oral preparations of sulfonylureas (gliclazide, glibenclamide)doesn’t concede to insulin therapy inﬂuence on the incidence of complications and prognosis in patientswith type 2 diabetes complicated by the development of acute coronary syndrome with or withoutelevation of the segment ST.
ARTERIAL WALL STIFFNESS, INSULIN RESISTANCE, BRAIN NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE AND THE FUNCTIONAL AND STRUCTURAL CHANGES OF THE MYOCARDIUM AT DIABETIC CARDIOVASCULAR AUTONOMIC NEUROPATHY
Authors: Sergiyenko V. A. , Segin V. B. , Azhmi Samir , Sergiyenko A. A.
Published: June 2022

It was studied 65 patients with type 2 diabetes: 12 patients without cardiovascular disease, 14 —with subclinical, 18 — with functional, 21 — with functional-organic stage of diabetic cardiovascularautonomic neuropathy. Type 2 diabetes without a cardiovascular disease is characterized by atendency to increase the arterial wall stiffness. The subclinical stage of diabetic autonomic neuropathyis characterized by increased pulse wave velocity in the aorta (PWVao). The functional stagecharacterized by an increase of the index of augmentation in aortic and brachial arteries, PWVao,ambulatory arterial stiffness index. Functional- organic stage is characterized by pathological changesof the arterial wall striffnesss. The diabetic cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy is accompanied byincreased of insulin resistance, insulin, HOMA-IR, NT-proBNP. There is a direct correlation betweenNT-proBNP, left ventricular mass and PWVao
GENDER FEATURES OF MANIFESTATION AND CLINICAL COURSE OF PROLACTINOMA
Authors: Gogitidze T. G.
Published: June 2022

It was studied 40 patients (6 men and 34 women) with prolactinoma. It was conducted a quan-titative and qualitative analysis of complaints at the time of disease manifestation and examination.The main speciﬁc clinical manifestations of pathological hyperprolactinemia in women and men haveimpaired of sexual function. Severity of complaints of a general nature for men concealed clinicalsymptoms of hyperprolactinemia and complicates timely diagnosis of prolactinoma. The frequency ofneurological and neuro-ophthalmic complaints in patients with prolactinoma depends on the size ofthe hypophysis adenoma. In 15 % of patients prolactinomas characterized by a long asymptomaticand are diagnosed at a stage invasive macroadenomas.
ETIOTROPIC THERAPY OF FUNGAL INFECTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: Kravchun N. A. , Kogan B. G.
Published: June 2022

The term "diabetes mellitus" refers to metabolic disorders of various etiologies, characterized by the development of chronic hyperglycemia, accompanied by changes in carbohydrate, fat and protein

metabolism, is the result of a defect in secretion and insulin action.Diabetes is one of the factors risk of development and fungal damage

stop. He suffers from fungal skin diseases over 35% of the population over the age of 40 and almost 45% of patients with type 2 diabetes.
PRIMARU HYPERALDOSTERONISM
Authors: Kravchun N. A. , Polozova L. G.
Published: June 2022

By definition, published mu in clinical guidelines for diagnosticism and treatment of primary hyperal

preteronism, primary hyporalldosteronism - collective diagnosis characterized by increased the level of aldosterone, which is relative

but independent of the renin-angiotensin system stem and does not decrease with sodium load.
THE CORRECTION OF MELATONIN-PRODUCING FUNCTION VIOLATIONS OF PINEAL GLAND IN ELDERLY PEOPLE WITH SUBSTITUTIVE DOSES OF MELATONIN AND EPIPHYSIS PEPTIDE DRUGS
Authors: Antoniuk-Shcheglova I. A.
Published: June 2022

The article presents data on the use of different doses of melatonin (0.5, 1.5, 3 mg) and peptide drugs for correcting violations of age-dependent melatonin-producing function of the pineal gland. It was found that to compensate of functional failure of pineal gland for elderly people enough to take melatonin at a dose 0.5 mg in the evening (the level of night excretion of 6-hydroxymelatoninsulfate (6-HMS) increased to the level in healthy young people). Using of melatonin in doses 3 mg and even 1.5 mg led to excessive increase in excretion of 6-HMS. After discontinuation of melatonin medication were not observed laboratory signs of decrease of the functional state of the pineal gland. In the older people peptide drugs of epiphysis (Epithalamin — a complex of peptides isolated from the gland, and Epithalon — synthetic tetrapeptide) was reduced nocturnal endogenous melatonin production, which was accompanied by normalization of the circadian rhythm of the hormone concentration in the blood plasma. In the older people Epithalamin and Epithalon had a modulating effect on the functional state of the pineal gland: nocturnal melatonin levels increased in people with functional deficiency of the gland. Epithalon in much lesser course dose (0.1 mg) resulted in the same effect as a larger dose of Epithalamin (50 mg).
LEPTIN LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES WITH DIFFERENT DURATION OF DISEASE
Authors: Urbanovych A. M.
Published: June 2022

The paper presents the results of a study of leptin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus depending on the duration of the disease. It was shown that leptin level increased significantly with increasing duration of type 2 diabetes: the lowest levels of leptin was found in the group with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes compared with the control group and the other groups with different disease duration. The insulin levels, as further confirmed in this study, decreases with increasing duration of type 2 diabetes. Accordingly, it was suggested that a prolonged elevation of leptin level leads to a reduction in insulin secretion and a weakening of its effects with the increasing duration of type 2 diabetes. It was also revealed that the level of leptin in groups with different disease duration was different in men and women. The highest level of leptin in women diagnosed with type 2 diabetes duration of 5 to 10 years, while men in this group revealed the lowest level of leptin. However, these gender differences in leptin levels are leveled in diabetes duration more than 10 years.
Diagnostic significance of the endopulmonary cytogram in type 1 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Pivovarova O. A.
Published: June 2022

This paper presents the functional cytologic criteria of the endopulmonary cytogram in patients with type 1 diabetes without signs of pulmonary pathology. Identified violations can determine the state of the cellular mechanisms of non-specific protection of the bronchus and lungs in the insulin deficiency. It was shown that prolonged exposure of the hyperglycemia on the respiratory tract induced the subclinical flowing endobronhitis associated with increased activity of neutrophils and inhibition of functional activity of alveolar macrophages in patients with type 1 diabetes.
THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF GLIMEPYRIDE FEATURES (LITERATURE REVIEW)
Authors: Kravchun N. А. , Misiura Katerina
Published: June 2022

Selection of optimal sugar therapy type 2 diabetes, which is one on the main health issues in all over the world, is the subject of special interest of researchers and clinicians. This problem is dedicated annually many publications in domestic and foreign boundary medical literature. Only for the last 3 years several are presentedEuropean and American consensus organizations for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
PHASIC COURSE OF NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS ACCORDING TO THE LIPID PEROXIDATION PRODUCTS (the review and own results)
Authors: Dorosh Olena
Published: June 2022

t was introduced the review of the literature on the diagnosis of stages of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). In the result of his own research was found the phasic course of NAFLD in patients with type 2 DM based on the levels of conjugated dienes (CD), and based on the study of their interrelationship with parameters of protein, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. At the CD level of 200–400 nmol/l there is a steatosis stage, at the 400–600 nmol/l — steatohepatitis, at the 600 nmol/l or more — fibrotic changes in the liver. Using of the results of this study in clinical practice will allow non-invasive way to determine the stage NAFLD in patients with type 2 DM. This will expand the ability of diagnose this disease and provide early detection of pathological changes in the liver.
Особенности синтеза карбида кремния методом холодной имплантации атомов отдачи углерода
Authors: Зиненко В.И. , Агафонов Ю.А. , Сарайкин В.В. , Еременко В.Г. , Седловец Д.М. , Иржак Д.В.
Published: June 2022

The Auger electron spectroscopy method confirmed a high concentration of carbon atoms (~ 85 at. % ), introduced into silicon by cold implantation of recoil atoms. Carbon atoms are concentrated in a thin (~ 5 nm) near-surface region of silicon. Annealing of such a structure did not reveal a noticeable diffusion of carbon, which does not allow obtaining a layer of SiC with a thickness of more than a few nm. The solution to this problem was carried out by the use of radiation-stimulated diffusion. This made it possible to control the distribution profiles of carbon atoms in a wide range. Annealing at 1150 oC allowed to obtain layers of amorphous crystalline SiC with a thickness of 50-150 nm. Higher annealing temperatures are required to obtain a single-crystal SiC film.
Влияние фотоиндуцированного локального объемного заряда на эффективную скорость фотогенерации носителей в продольном фоторезисторе
Authors: Холоднов В.А.
Published: June 2022

It is theoretically shown that the effective carrier photogeneration rate in a longitudinal photoresistor, which directly initiates the conversion of radiation into electric current, can be positive, zero, or negative, and in absolute value significantly exceed the true carrier photogeneration rate. The effects are due to photoinduced local space charge.
Экспериментальный метод контроля перегрева сверхпроводящих пленок под действием импульсного тока
Authors: Васютин М.А. , Кузьмичев Н.Д. , Шилкин Д.А.
Published: June 2022

Using time sweeps of the current through a sample of a superconducting film, the effect of the current sweep rate on the process of heat propagation from current contacts is investigated. The samples used were NbN films located below and above the transition temperature to the superconducting state. A method for determining the critical heating of key zones of the sample is proposed. The propagation velocities of the resistive front and normal domain in a superconductor are estimated at different temperatures.
Повышенное уплотнение пористого алюминида никеля при ударном сжатии
Authors: Якушев В.В. , Уткин А.В. , Жуков А.Н.
Published: June 2022

Using a laser velocity interferometer, wave profiles were recorded in porous (porosity 30%) nickel aluminide samples. Data on shock compressibility were obtained. An abnormally high compaction was found, manifested in the intersection of Hugoniots of solid and porous samples at a pressure of 24 GPa, which indicates a phase transition.
Urethral strictures caused by lichen sclerosus: evaluation of patient quality of life after buccal urethroplasty
Authors: Usupbaev A. Ch. , Kurbanaliev R. M. , Akylbek S. , Stambekova K. N. , Mukanbaev K.
Published: June 2022

Introduction. In modern medical practice, when conducting clinical trials to assess the effectiveness of the treatment, it has long been recognized that the quality of life of a patient is a highly informative indicator of the assessment of health status. Buccal urethroplasty is one of the most effective methods of surgical treatment of urethral stricture disease in men with scleroatrophic lichen.

Materials and methods. Twenty-five patients with urethral stricture caused by scleroatrophic lichen aged 17 to 80 years were examined. All patients underwent buccal urethroplasty. Patient quality of life was assessed 1, 6, and 12 months after buccal urethroplasty using the SF-36 Health Status Survey, the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS; Quality of Life — QoL) and urodynamic studies. In addition, a survey of patients was conducted on the subject of satisfaction with the results of the operation.

Results. The results of the survey reliably indicate the high efficiency of buccal urethroplasty, reflected in the dynamics of physical indicators (62.5 ± 0.7 vs 71.7 ± 0.9 vs 95.5 ± 1.0 vs 97.2 ± 1.1; p < 0.05) and psychological (69.2 ± 1.1 vs 77.0 ± 0.7 vs 92.2 ± 0.8 vs 96.2 ± 1.0; p < 0.05) well-being according to the SF- 36, IPSS total score (32.1±3.4 vs 15.0±2.7 vs 7.3±2.9 vs 6.8±2.4; p < 0.05) and QoL index (5.5 ± 1.2 vs 3.8 ± 1.7 vs 1.6 ± 1.5 vs 1.4 ± 1.4, p < 0.05). The maximum urine flow rate increased to 19.5 ± 1.2 ml/s one month after surgery, to 23.7 ± 1.7 ml/s after six months, and to 25.8 ± 1.3 ml/s after 12 months, compared to preoperative values of 15.8 ± 1.2 ml/s (p < 0.05).

Conclusion. Replacement of affected urethral tissues with scleroatrophic lichen with buccal flap helps restore adequate urination and improve patient quality of life.
Treatment of patients with anterior urethral strictures: the role of perineal urethrostomy
Authors: Glukhov V. P. , Ilyash A. V. , Mitusov V. V. , Sizyakin D. V. , Kogan M. I.
Published: June 2022

The article reviews the 2000-2020 literature on the use of perineal urethrostomy in the treatment of patients with anterior urethral strictures. Historical issues of the development of urethrostomy techniques are considered. The algorithms to choose the method of treatment of urethral strictures in favor of perineal urethrostomy are highlighted, according to the guidelines of the world's professional urological associations. The performance indicators of perineal urethrostomy were studied considering the age characteristics of the patients, the etiological genesis of the strictures, their length and location, as well as depending on the surgical technique and the follow-up period. Considerable attention is paid to studies devoted to the analysis of the functional results of urethrostomy, as well as the quality of life of patients associated with urination and sexual activity. Data are presented on the incidence of early and late surgical complications, including urethrostomy stenosis, as one of the most common. An analysis of studies evaluating factors that negatively affect the outcome of surgery was carried out. The main reasons for the growing demand for the technique in surgery for complex anterior urethral strictures and the importance of the technique among other treatment methods are discussed.
A Remote Digital Monitoring Platform to Assess Cognitive and Motor Symptoms in Huntington Disease: Cross-sectional Validation Study
Authors: Lipsmeier Florian , Simillion Cedric , Bamdadian Atieh , Tortelli Rosanna , Byrne Lauren M , Zhang Yan-Ping , Wolf Detlef , Smith Anne V , Czech Christian , Gossens Christian , Weydt Patrick , Schobel Scott A , Rodrigues Filipe B , Wild Edward J , Lindemann Michael
Published: June 2022

Background

Remote monitoring of Huntington disease (HD) signs and symptoms using digital technologies may enhance early clinical diagnosis and tracking of disease progression, guide treatment decisions, and monitor response to disease-modifying agents. Several recent studies in neurodegenerative diseases have demonstrated the feasibility of digital symptom monitoring.

Objective

The aim of this study was to evaluate a novel smartwatch- and smartphone-based digital monitoring platform to remotely monitor signs and symptoms of HD.

Methods

This analysis aimed to determine the feasibility and reliability of the Roche HD Digital Monitoring Platform over a 4-week period and cross-sectional validity over a 2-week interval. Key criteria assessed were feasibility, evaluated by adherence and quality control failure rates; test-retest reliability; known-groups validity; and convergent validity of sensor-based measures with existing clinical measures. Data from 3 studies were used: the predrug screening phase of an open-label extension study evaluating tominersen (NCT03342053) and 2 untreated cohorts—the HD Natural History Study (NCT03664804) and the Digital-HD study. Across these studies, controls (n=20) and individuals with premanifest (n=20) or manifest (n=179) HD completed 6 motor and 2 cognitive tests at home and in the clinic.

Results

Participants in the open-label extension study, the HD Natural History Study, and the Digital-HD study completed 89.95% (1164/1294), 72.01% (2025/2812), and 68.98% (1454/2108) of the active tests, respectively. All sensor-based features showed good to excellent test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient 0.89-0.98) and generally low quality control failure rates. Good overall convergent validity of sensor-derived features to Unified HD Rating Scale outcomes and good overall known-groups validity among controls, premanifest, and manifest participants were observed. Among participants with manifest HD, the digital cognitive tests demonstrated the strongest correlations with analogous in-clinic tests (Pearson correlation coefficient 0.79-0.90).

Conclusions

These results show the potential of the HD Digital Monitoring Platform to provide reliable, valid, continuous remote monitoring of HD symptoms, facilitating the evaluation of novel treatments and enhanced clinical monitoring and care for individuals with HD.
mHealth Technology Design and Evaluation for Early Childhood Health Promotion: Systematic Literature Review
Authors: DeWitt Akeiylah , Kientz Julie , Coker Tumaini R , Liljenquist Kendra
Published: June 2022

Background

Recent increases in smartphone ownership among underserved populations have inspired researchers in medicine, computing, and health informatics to design and evaluate mobile health (mHealth) interventions, specifically for those supporting child development and growth. Although these interventions demonstrate possible effectiveness at larger scales, few of these interventions are evaluated to address racial disparities and health equity, which are known factors that affect relevance, uptake, and adherence in target populations.

Objective

In this study, we aimed to identify and document the current design and evaluation practices of mHealth technologies that promote early childhood health, with a specific focus on opportunities for those processes to address health disparities and health equity.

Methods

We completed a systematic literature review of studies that design and evaluate mHealth interventions for early childhood health promotion. We then analyzed these studies to identify opportunities to address racial disparities in early- and late-stage processes and to understand the potential efficacy of these interventions.

Results

Across the literature from medical, computing, and health informatics fields, we identified 15 articles that presented a design or evaluation of a parent-facing health intervention. We found that using mobile-based systems to deliver health interventions was generally well accepted by parents of children aged <5 years. We also found that, when measured, parenting knowledge of early childhood health topics and confidence to engage in health-promoting behaviors improved. Design and evaluation methods held internal consistency within disciplines (eg, experimental study designs were the most prevalent in medical literature, while computing researchers used user-centered design methods in computing fields). However, there is little consistency in design or evaluation methods across fields.

Conclusions

To support more interventions with a comprehensive design and evaluation process, we recommend attention to design at the intervention (eg, reporting content sources) and system level; interdisciplinary collaboration in early childhood health intervention development can lead to large-scale deployment and success among populations.

Trial Registration

PROSPERO CRD42022359797; https://tinyurl.com/586nx9a2
Implementation and Evaluation of COVIDCare@Home, a Family Medicine–Led Remote Monitoring Program for Patients With COVID-19: Multimethod Cross-sectional Study (Preprint)
Authors: Laur Celia , Agarwal Payal , Thai Kelly , Kishimoto Vanessa , Kelly Shawna , Liang Kyle , Bhatia R Sacha , Bhattacharyya Onil , Martin Danielle , Mukerji Geetha
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

COVIDCare@Home (CC@H) is a multifaceted, interprofessional team-based remote monitoring program led by family medicine for patients diagnosed with COVID-19, based at Women’s College Hospital (WCH), an ambulatory academic center in Toronto, Canada. CC@H offers virtual visits (phone and video) to address the clinical needs and broader social determinants of the health of patients during the acute phase of COVID-19 infection, including finding a primary care provider (PCP) and support for food insecurity.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this evaluation is to understand the implementation and quality outcomes of CC@H within the Quadruple Aim framework of patient experience, provider experience, cost, and population health.

METHODS

This multimethod cross-sectional evaluation follows the Quadruple Aim framework to focus on implementation and service quality outcomes, including feasibility, adoption, safety, effectiveness, equity, and patient centeredness. These measures were explored using clinical and service utilization data, patient experience data (an online survey and a postdischarge questionnaire), provider experience data (surveys, interviews, and focus groups), and stakeholder interviews. Descriptive analysis was conducted for surveys and utilization data. Deductive analysis was conducted for interviews and focus groups, mapping to implementation and quality domains. The Ontario Marginalization Index (ON-Marg) measured the proportion of underserved patients accessing CC@H.

RESULTS

In total, 3412 visits were conducted in the first 8 months of the program (April 8-December 8, 2020) for 616 discrete patients, including 2114 (62.0%) visits with family physician staff/residents and 149 (4.4%) visits with social workers/mental health professionals. There was a median of 5 (IQR 4) visits per patient, with a median follow-up of 7 days (IQR 27). The net promoter score was 77. In addition, 144 (23.3%) of the patients were in the most marginalized populations based on the residential postal code (as per ON-Marg). Interviews with providers and stakeholders indicated that the program continued to adapt to meet the needs of patients and the health care system.

CONCLUSIONS

Future remote monitoring should integrate support for addressing the social determinants of health and ensure patient-centered care through comprehensive care teams.
Consideraciones arqueológicas y etnohistóricas sobre instalaciones camineras del Tawantinsuyu
Authors: González Godoy Carlos , Vitry Di Bello Christian
Published: June 2022

This article aims to present and discuss, from a conceptual and theoretical perspective, archaeological and ethnohistorical information related to the most distinctive road infrastructure on South America’s Qhapaq Ñan: tampu, qurpa wasi, chaski wasi, and chuklla. Usually located near the Inca Road, these sites are a fundamental part of this Andean road system. Their specifications have been reconstructed from an essential theoretical field that is part of the substantive theories on Tawantinsuyu knowledge. This article explores theoretical, archaeological, and interpretative aspects. It highlights the marked influence of historical contributions on understanding this type of site and the consequent archaeological application. Researchers also present theoretical and archaeological considerations regarding the issue.
Smart Water Quality Monitoring System using IOT and Electronic Sensors
Authors: Yadav Hrithik
Published: June 2022

Abstract: Water plays an Important role in our day to day life, our body consists of 70% of water, and the major diseases are caused due to the bad quality of water. How much ever we filter the water their might be few impurities in it, so we are using Internet of Things technology and sensors to measure the quality of water. Internet Of Things (IOT) is used in different area of research for monitoring and collecting data on a particular project. Smart Water Quality Monitoring System is necessary nowadays due to increase in pollution and otherindustrial waste which is being dumped in the water bodies, which makes water polluted even after purifying it. Around 40% of the death’s are caused due to water pollution around the world. With thehelp of smart water quality monitoring system we can find out if the water is pure or impure at an affordable cost. Keywords: Internet of Things (IOT),Temperature Sensor, Turbidity Sensor, Quality of water, arduino board, Smart water monitoring system, Wireless network.