bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Slogan “Peganglah Atau Kembalilah Kepada al-Qur’an Dan al-Sunnah [Q&S]” Isu Dan Tantangan Kepada Dakwah Islam: Analisis Dari Persepektif Pemikiran Islam
Authors: Wan Ali WZ Kamaruddin , Hasmawati Fifi
Published: September 2020

Abstract: The slogan plays an important role in the process of captivating the mad‘u in the context of Islamic preaching. The selection of slogansneeds to do through a specific process to allow them to be disseminated to the Muslim public. A good, effective slogan (tagline) will fulfilthe goals and vice versa. The slogan “Hold or Return to the Qur'an and the Sunnah (Q&S),” popularly known by the religious scholars, representing any individual or organization must be demonstrated in theory and practice, ideal and reality, outward and inward. Issues and challenges will inevitably arise if the outward and inward are incompatible and not in harmony. In this situation, a process of preaching can be transformed into a process of prayer, which is seen as wrong, perverted, misguided and even lost. The slogan “Hold on to Q&S” or “Return to Q&S” is widely used, both internally and externally. This article aims to address this issue from the background and developmental perspective; views of the Qur'an and the Sunnah; issues and challenges with various polemics that have emerged among the khawwas and ‘awwam. The findings show that the use of slogans has several objectives, for the Mu’minin people, something ideal needs to be realized in life. For Muslims, something is ideal and everyone should try to realize it, while for Munafiqin, opportunist and hypocrites, it is something that can be used for two-pronged purposes. Keywords: Slogan Q&S, Islamic thought
Urgensi dan Peran Program Studi Komunikasi Penyiaran Islam Dalam Standarisasi Khatib
Authors: Syarifudin A. , Hajariyah Siti
Published: September 2020

Abstract: Standardization of the preacher has two dimensions that lead to the agree and contradiction of the ulama, the muballigh and da'i. As an effort to realize good competencies and qualifications for the preacher is a very positive thing so that the stake holders become enlightened. If this is desired from standardization, it will be a hope and necessity for all Muslims. Through gathering forums activities can be improved on preacher capacity. However, if standardization is used as an effort to select, assessing credibility regarding the grade of study taken, or limiting the material of the sermon, then this is contrary to the existence of the preacher and the existence of mosques in Indonesia. Because, mosques that stand in this country are self-help communities and those who choose people to become preacher are selection based on their moral size and religiosity qualifications. Therefore, based on this research, the standardization of preacher is not needed at this time, and Islamic Broadcasting Communication Study Program is deemed not necessary to involve itself in the issue of preacher standardization. Keywords: Standardization, preacher competence
Analisis Konsep Integrasi Ilmu Dalam Islam
Authors: Binti Khalid Ainor Syuhadah , Putri Intan Delsa
Published: September 2020

Abstract: Article with the title ‘Analysis of the Concept of Integration of Science in Islam’, it discusses describing and analyzing concepts between sciences in Islam. Science we will describe later, is a system of meaning of reality and truth, based on revelation supported by reason and intuition. The method used in this study uses the method or literature study (library research). Literature study can be interpreted as an activity relating to the method of collecting library data, reading and recording and processing research materials. With nadzar and fikr processes, ratios will be able to articulate, make propositions, express opinions, argue, make analogies, make decisions, and draw conclusions. In the Islamic worldview, science is closely related to faith, ‘aql, qalb, and taqwa. Not only is knowledge systematically gathered, but knowledge is also an understanding. Where to calculate the haq Of course you will not argue with the haq. However, over time, hegemony and colonialism caused Muslims to replace and apply the concept of Western knowledge that is blindly. This attitude certainly causes confusion. So, trying to develop and develop the concept of science in the Qur'an can be made the basis for formulating the basis of knowledge in Islam.

Keywords: Integration of knowledge, worldview, and scientific methods.

 

Abstrak: Artikel dengan judul ‘Analisis Konsep Integrasi Ilmu dalam Islam’, ini bertujuan memaparkan dan menganalisis konsep intergrasi ilmu dalam Islam. Ilmu sebagaimana akan kita uraikan nanti, merupakan system pemaknaan akan realitas dan kebenaran, bersumber pada wahyu yang didukung oleh rasio dan intuisi. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini menggunakan metode atau pendekatan kepustakaan (library research). Studi pustaka dapat diartikan sebagai serangkaian kegiatan yang berkenaan dengan metode pengumpulan data pustaka, membaca dan mencatat serta mengolah bahan penelitian. Dengan proses nadzar dan fikr, rasio akan dapat berartikulasi, menyusun proposisi, menyatakan pendapat, berargumentasi, membuat analogi, membuat keputusan, serta menarik kesimpulan. Dalam worldview Islam, ilmu berkaitan erat dengan iman, ‘aql, qalb, dan taqwa. Tidak hanya merupakan satu pengetahuan yang terhimpun secara sistematis, tetapi ilmu juga merupakan suatu metodologi. Dimana metodologi yang haq tentu tidak akan bertentangan dengan yang haq. Namun seiring berjalannya waktu, hegemoni dan kolonialisme menyebabkan umat Islam cenderung meniru dan mengadopsi konsep ilmu pengetahuan Barat secara membabi buta. Sikap ini tentu saja menyebabkan kebingungan (confusition) yang berlanjut pada hilangnya identitas. Maka, upaya menggali dan mengembangkan konsep ilmu dalam al-Qur‘an dapat dijadikan landasan bagi upaya merumuskan kerangka integrasi ilmu pengetahuan dalam Islam.

Kata kunci: Integrasi ilmu, worldview, metode keilmuan.
Editorial
Authors: Santos Rafael dos , Braga Luiz Otávio
Published: September 2020

Como se sabe, o advento da gravação sonora favoreceu a fixação e a disseminação do repertório da música popular. Através desse processo, produções não grafadas em partitura puderam ser registradas em cilindros, discos, CDs e formato digital, que passaram a ser comercializados em larga escala, pela indústria fonográfica em suas diversas configurações. Consequentemente, a gravação sonora também facilitou a realização de pesquisas sobre esse repertório, de modo que não é difícil constatar que grande parte das investigações sobre música popular se concentra nas músicas produzidas a partir do século XX.
Narratividade e poder
Authors: Rezende Gabriel Sampaio Souza Lima
Published: September 2020

Neste artigo discuto a formação da “história oficial” do choro e sua reprodução em trabalhos recentes produzidos, sobretudo, em âmbito acadêmico. Para tanto, valho-me de uma pequena narrativa que condensa as principais etapas de formação do gênero consagradas nessa história para demonstrar como elas foram historicamente sedimentadas na bibliografia. Em seguida reflito, a partir das relações entre narração e poder, como essa narrativa hegemônica se vincula a uma determinada concepção de História.
O cururu de Sebastião Roque
Authors: Siqueira Uassyr de
Published: September 2020

O objetivo desse artigo é analisar algumas letras de cururu escritas por Sebastião Roque durante os anos 1940 e 1950, armazenadas pelo Centro de Folclore de Piracicaba. Notamos que são letras que expressam elementos tradicionais da música caipira, como a forte presença da religiosidade, mas também temas relacionados a problemas urbanos. Analisando parte da produção de um personagem específico podemos perceber as escolhas e as perspectivas de um músico caipira diante da tradição e da profissionalização, bem como observar as relações entre música caipira e trabalho. As letras escritas por Sebastião Roque também são ricos testemunhos acerca da experiência dos trabalhadores da região de Piracicaba, classe à qual muitos cantadores pertenciam.
“Se oriente, rapaz...”
Authors: Diniz Sheyla Castro
Published: September 2020

O LP Expresso 2222 (Phonogram/Philips, 1972), lançado por Gilberto Gil logo após regressar do exílio em Londres, exibe um projeto gráfico cuja forma e conteúdo estabele­cem estreitos diálogos com a canção “Oriente”, última faixa do disco. A partir de uma apreci­ação do LP, identifico, na canção, não apenas aspectos relacionados com a postura mística do compositor, mas também questões de cunho histórico e sociocultural que caracterizaram o início dos anos 1970, no Brasil. A letra de “Oriente”, autorreflexiva, capta o clima contracul­tural vivenciado por Gilberto Gil na Europa, embora também insinue o esgotamento daquela experiência. Versos, ritmo, harmonia e melodia reforçam a dualidade presente no título da canção. Os contrários, ainda que complementares, não desembocam numa síntese. Instável, “Oriente” focaliza o “indivíduo” e incorpora, na sua própria estrutura musical e poética, cer­to estado de anomia alavancado pela ditadura militar.
POST TSUNAMI IMPACT ON HYPERTENSION AND DIABETES MELLITUS CASES IN PANDEGLANG DISTRICT, BANTEN, INDONESIA
Authors: Wahidin Mugi , Kong Fiona , Safaat Hadi
Published: September 2020

Background: Pandeglang, a district in Banten province, Indonesia, was the worst affected area of the Sunda Strait tsunami which occurred on 22nd December, 2018. Aside from threats of communicable disease outbreaks, the district faced the challenges of managing non-communicable diseases (NCD) in the community. Purpose: The aim of the study is to describe the post tsunami impact on cases of hypertension and diabetes mellitus and the expected one-year projections of these diseases in the district of Pandeglang, Banten. Methods: In January 2019, we collected primary data from Pandeglang District Health Office (DHO) and 15 Public Health Centres (PHCs) that were heavily affected by the tsunami. Surveillance officers were also interviewed for their subjective opinions on disease projections in both the DHO and PHCs. Aggregated data of cases presenting to the PHCs for assistance were analysed in relation to the post tsunami period. The diseases of interest included hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Results: Reported cases of hypertension and diabetes mellitus increased a few days after the tsunami. For hypertension, the cases spiked on the 5th and 8th days, but for diabetes mellitus the spike came much later. Average cases of hypertension and diabetes mellitus per PHC were 62 and 3, respectively. At district and PHC level, hypertension and diabetes mellitus were considered as minor contributing factors to the morbidity and mortality in the affected communities. The projection of these diseases was optimistic after the first month. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the volume of cases with hypertension and diabetes in the district of Pandeglang tended to be in the first few weeks post tsunami These diseases are projected to lessen in the second month after the disaster due to the recovery of local health services.
RETROSPECTIVE STUDY: INITIAL PHARMACOTHERAPY PROFILE OF NEW ACNE VULGARIS PATIENTS
Authors: Wibisono Esravila Ariya , Indramaya Diah Mira , Rochmanti Maftuchah
Published: September 2020

Background: Acne Vulgaris (AV) is one of the most common diseases in the field of dermatology and ranks as the eighth most prevalent disease worldwide. Early management of this potentially deforming skin disease may reduce the pathophysiological burden and improve the quality of life of patients. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the pharmacotherapy for new patients with AV. Methods: This cross-sectional study used new patients with AV of the Cosmetic Division of the Outpatient Skin and Venereal Health Unit, Regional Public Hospital (RSUD) Dr. Soetomo, from January to December 2013 that were descriptively presented. The variable was the pharmacotherapy given. This study used secondary data collection by looking at the patients’ medical records. The variables studied were acne lesions and pharmacotherapy regimens, including the administration route and the medicine used. Results: The number of samples that met the inclusion criteria was 951 patients. Comedonal acne was most commonly given topical tretinoin. Papulopustular acne was most commonly given a topical combination of clindamycin and tretinoin, while acne conglobata was most commonly given a combination of topical clindamycin and tretinoin with oral doxycycline. Conclusion: The new patients with comedonal acne were mostly prescribed topical tretinoin pharmacotherapy. A pharmacotherapy combination of topical clindamycin and tretinoin was given to most new patients with papulopustular acne, whereas new patients with conglobata acne were given a pharmacotherapy combination of topical tretinoin and clindamycin with oral doxycycline.
RISK FACTORS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS DURATION AND NON-COMPLIANCE WITH MEDICATION TO POOR GLYCEMIC STATUS
Authors: Putri Marisa Gita , HS K. Heri Nugroho , Adi Mateus Sakundarno , Suhartono Suhartono , Widjanarko Bagoes
Published: September 2020

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that is still a global health problem. Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) can result in poor glycemic status, with factors that affect patients including long-term DM and medication compliance. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the risk factors of long-term DM and non-compliance with medication on the poor glycemic control status of patients with type 2 DM. Methods: This type of research used observational analysis with a case–control design. Samples were taken from patients with type 2 DM, with 40 cases and 40 controls. The criteria for sample inclusion were that the patients had a glycosylated hemoglobin level check, were willing to be research respondents, and could communicate well. The exclusion criterion was patients experiencing a drastic decline in health status during the study. The sampling technique used was consecutive sampling. This research was conducted at the Panti Wilasa Citarum Hospital in Semarang City from July to September 2019. The relationship and the risk of long-term DM and adherence to taking medication with glycemic status were tested using the chi-square test. Results: This study showed that a duration of DM >5 years (p = 0.01; Odss Ratio (OR) = 3.46; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.37 < OR < 8.69) and non-compliance with taking medication (p = 0.02; OR = 3.15; 95% CI = 1.25 < OR < 7.93) are risk factors for poor glycemic status. Conclusion: Duration of DM >5 years and non-compliance with taking medication are risk factors for poor glycemic status in patients with type 2 DM.
Recent Advances in Material Synthesis
Authors: Das Nirmalendu , Roy Alok , Chakraborty Bimal Bhushan , Borah Debasish , Roy Choudhury Anuradha
Published: September 2020

The area of material synthesis is a rapidly developing field of research which enables scientists not only to discover the high yield, cost effective or environment friendly methods , but also providing them some new opportunities to work in the world of nano science. The green approaches in one hand are the alternative way to synthesize the material by minimizing the wastes as well as toxic substances, on the other hand the synthesis of nanoparticles has gained tremendous attention owing to their many fold applications in various fields. This book is designed to give the readers an outline of some of the very special topics from current prospective of different approaches for material synthesis.
High-Yield Production of Water-soluble MoS2 Quantum Dots for Fe3+ Detection and Cell Imaging
Authors: Xu Benhua , Zhang Zhiqi , Wang Li , Yuan Rui , Ju Zhenghua , Zhang Peng , Liu Weisheng
Published: September 2020

Uniform water soluble MoS2 quantum dots (WS-MSQDs) are synthesized via a sequential combination of sintering/etching/exfoliation method and solvothermal route. The obtained WS-MSQDs with average size of approximately 3.4 nm exhibit sufficient water solubility and remarkable fluorescence properties. The WS-MSQDs have been utilized as a probe for detection of Fe3+ ions with high selectivity and specificity. Furthermore, the WS-MSQDs exhibit high fluorescence stability under different conditions. Finally, the WS-MSQDs are successfully applied for the fluorescence imaging of Fe3+ in living cells, which exhibited practical potential for biomedical applications.
Using Machine Learning to Perform Proximity Detection - Classifying Bluetooth Beacon RSSI V alues
Authors: Song Karen
Published: September 2020

This project focuses on using machine learning classification algorithms to determine whether two people are 6 feet apart or not. Two Raspberry Pis were used simulate smart phones. RSSI values of the Bluetooth beacons transmitted between the Raspberry Pis were collected and recorded to train the classifier. The Gaussian Support Vector Machine Classifer yielded the highest testing accuracy of 79.670 and the Decision Tree Classifier yielded the highest AUC of 0.80.
Targeted Delivery of Methotrexate through pH-sensitive Hydrogel: To Treat Colon Pathology
Authors: Akhlaq Muhammad , Ullah Inam , Nawaz Asif , Safdar Muhammad , Azad Abul Kalam , Abbas Syed Atif , Mohammed Helaluddin Abul Bashar
Published: September 2020

The purpose of current research work was to formulate and typify gelatin and poly(vinyl) alcohol (Gel/PVA) hydrogel which would be highly pH-responsive and can able to accomplish targeted delivery of methotrexate in order to treat the colo-rectal pathologies. The primed gel/pva hydrogel discs were subjected to various physicochemical techniques i.e. swelling, diffusion co-efficient, sol-gel analysis and porosity using three altered sorts of pH (1.2, 6.8 & 7.4) phosphate buffer solutions for assessment/evaluation, and their characterization was done through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). Shape alteration and controlled methotrexate of release of Gel/PVA hydrogel have been done using three type of pH (1.2, 6.8 & 7.4) phosphate buffer mediums. Methotrexate was loaded through in-situ drug loading method due to hydrophobicity. Different kinetic models (first order & zero order kinetic), Higuchi model and Krosmere peppas model/Power law were applied to manipulate the drug release data. Physicochemical evaluation tests and drug release profile results were found insignificant (p< 0.05) in various pH mediums and dependent upon polymers concentration pH of medium and cross-linker amount. Kinetic model disclosed that release of methotrexate from Gel/PVA hydrogel follow non-Fickian diffusion method. It became concluded from this research work that release of methotrexate Gel/PVA hydrogel in targeted colon area can be achieved for treating colo-rectal disorders.
The Role of Common-Pool Resources’ Institutional Robustness in a Collective Action Dilemma under Environmental Variations.
Authors: Dipierri Ana Alicia , Zikos Dimitrios
Published: September 2020

Extreme environmental variations (EV), as a phenomenon deriving from climate change (CC), led to an exacerbated uncertainty on water availability and increased the likelihood of conflicts regarding water-dependent activities such as agriculture. In this paper, we investigate the role of conflict resolution mechanisms -one of Ostrom’s acclaimed Design Principles (DPs)- when social-ecological systems (SESs) are exposed to physical external disturbances. The theoretical propositions predict that SESs with conflict-resolution-mechanisms will perform better than those without them. We tested this proposition through a framed-field-experiment that mimicked an irrigation system. In this asymmetric setting, farmers were exposed to two (2) dilemmas: (i) how much to invest in the communal irrigation system’s (CIS) maintenance and (ii) how much water to extract. The setting added a layer of complexity: water availability did not only depend on the investment but also on the environmental variability. Our findings largely confirmed the theoretical proposition: groups with stronger institutional robustness are able to cope with EV better than those with weaker robustness. However, we also found that some groups, despite lacking conflict-resolution-mechanisms, were also able to address EV. We explored potential explanatory variables to these unexpected results. We found that subjects’ and groups’ attributes might address uncertainty and avert conflict. Thus, SESs’ capacity to respond to external disturbances, such as EV, might not only be a question of DPs. Instead, it might also be strongly related to group members' attributes and group dynamics. Our results pave the way for further research, hinting that some groups might be better equipped for mitigation measures, while others might be better equipped for adaptation measures.
The Effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning in Improving Students’ Writing Descriptive Text in Vocational School
Authors: Amalia Rindi Dwi , Rusfandi Rusfandi
Published: September 2020

One of the problems in teaching English to students in vocational high schools is how to make the students more active, creative, and critical. An alternative teaching method that can be used by teachers is Problem-Based Learning (PBL). The objective of this study is to investigate whether the use of PBL provides a significant effect on the students’ writing descriptive text. This study used a quasi-experimental design which was conducted at a vocational school in Malang. The participants of this study were class X Office Administration 1 as the experimental group consisting of 23 students and class X Office Administration 3 as the control group consisting of 23 students. The researcher gave pre-test and post-test and compared the participants’ writing scores in the control and experimental groups by using an independent sample t-test. The result of the post-test indicates that the students in the experimental group achieved a higher mean score than those in the control group on writing descriptive text. The statistical analysis reports that there was a significant difference in scores between the two groups (t = 6.99, p < 0.05). This finding indicates that PBL can be an effective method for teachers in teaching writing descriptive text.
Efek kepemilikan institusional, kinerja perusahaan, kualitas audit terhadap luas pengungkapan CSR perusahaan pertambangan
Authors: Setyawan Bagus , Apriyanto Gaguk , Firdiansjah Achmad
Published: September 2020

Jenis dari penelitian ini adalah penelitian asosiatif kausal. Penelitian ini meneliti hubungan yang bersifat sebab akibat. Penelitian ini termasuk ke dalam penelitian kuantitatif karena mengacu pada perhitungan berupa angka. Sumber data penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh secara historis dari laporan tahunan, laporan keuangan, dan laporan keberlanjutan yang disajikan perusahaan pada tahun 2017-2018 yang telah go public dan terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Dalam penelitian ini sampel yang diambil sesuai dengan kriteria yang digunakan dalam purposive sampling yang terdaftar selama tahun yang diteliti. Berdasarkan hasil yang didapatkan dengan menggunakan analisis kuantitatif, maka Hasil statistik deskriptif menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata tata kepemilikan instistusional sebesar 55,92%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kepemilikan instisuional sudah cukup efektif dalam memonitor aktivitas manajemen. Kinerja perusahaan yang diproksikan dengan ROA, memiliki rata-rata sebesar 5,91%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa  perusahaan mampu menghasilkan keuntungan pada pada tahun 2017 dan 2018. Kualitas audit memiliki rata-rata sebesar 0,25, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar perusahaan diaudit bukan dari KAP Big 4. Pengungkapan (corporate social resposibility) CSR sebesar 71,35%, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa perusahaan mampu mengeluarkan biaya untuk kegiatan pembangunan ekonomi, sosial dan lingkungan.

 

Kata Kunci : Kepemilikan Institusional, Kinerja Perusahaan, Luas Pengungkapan CSR, Kualitas Audit
Application of Two-Channel Principle in Measuring Devices to Compensate for Disturbing Influences of Unknown Physical Nature
Authors: Nesterov V. N. , Li A. R.
Published: September 2020

The article notes the advantages of the method of constructing absolutely invariant measuring transducers for working in conditions with disturbing influences. However, this method is not universal. Its limitations are due to the impossibility of "symmetric" transmission of all disturbing influences into parallel measuring channels. A broader interpretation of the two-channel principle is proposed to overcome these limitations. The aim of the study was to substantiate and implement a method for constructing quasi-invariant measuring transducers and systems that retain their metrological characteristics under external disturbances of unknown physical nature.

The theory that develops the two-channel principle to a full-fledged technological method is presented in the article. The theory includes the necessary and sufficient conditions for physical feasibility this method. Two fundamental tasks have been solved in the work. The first task is to identify signs that reflect the essence of the technological method in to specific cases and the second is to implement a methodology that allows these signs to be effectively applied in practice.

In the examples, a complex of technologies is defined for groups of elements of quasi-invariant transducers that provide compensation of the influencing factors acting on them with acceptable accuracy.

There are significant advantages in discussed method. It gives hope for acceptable measurement results under conditions when character and even physical principle of influencing a priori are unknown.
Principales demandas educativas por evaluar en la formación de profesionales en la Universidad de Artemisa, Cuba
Authors: Delgado-Yanes Nilda , Pérez-Jacinto Alipio Omar
Published: September 2020

La Universidad de Artemisa se fundó en Cuba en el año 2012, producto de la fusión de varias instituciones de Educación superior con estilos de trabajo diferentes. El proyecto de investigación «Modelo pedagógico adecuado a las demandas en la formación de profesionales del siglo XXI» surge a partir de la necesidad de preparar a su personal docente. Los fundamentos teóricos del proyecto, donde se declaran las demandas educativas del siglo XXI en la formación de profesionales en instituciones de la educación superior, y el diagnóstico del estado inicial de la variable «formación del profesional de pregrado» sirvieron para este trabajo, el cual tiene como objetivo determinar las principales demandas educativas en la formación de profesionales en la Universidad de Artemisa. Los métodos y técnicas empleados fueron: el análisis y síntesis, la deducción-inducción y la matriz Vester, la cual se considera un instrumento de desarrollo que forma parte de la Matriz de Marco Lógico, herramienta analítica utilizada principalmente en la planificación de proyectos de investigación. Se determinaron las demandas educativas de la sociedad cubana del siglo XXI en instituciones de la educación superior, desde lo cognitivo-instrumental y la axiología. Así pues, para la investigación, se analizaron seis demandas educativas y se sometieron a la aplicación de la matriz Vester, con el objetivo de ponderar la prioridad de atención por parte de los profesores. El resultado obtenido sirvió para determinar como principales demandas educativas: las habilidades laborales e investigativas, y el dominio de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación.
Response of wheat DREB transcription factor to drought stress based on DNA methylation
Authors: Zhu Yanqiu , Wang Huihui , Jia Wenjing , Wei Xiaoyan , Duan Zhikun , Qi Qianting , Jiang Lina , Zhou Yanqing , Duan Hongying
Published: September 2020

Background: The growth and development of wheat are seriously influenced by drought stress, and the research on drought resistance mechanism of wheat is very important. Dehydration responsive element binding protein (DREB) plays an important role in the response of plant to drought stress, but epigenetic regulation for gene expression of DREB transcription factor is less studied, especially the regulatory role of DNA methylation has not been reported.Results: In this research, DREB2, DREB6 and Wdreb2 were cloned from wheat, their CDS sequences were composed of 732 bp, 837 bp or 1035 bp, respectively, and one 712 bp intron was found in DREB6. Although AP2/EREBP domain of DREB2, DREB6 and Wdreb2 had 73.25% identity, they belong to different types of DREB transcription factor, and the expression of Wdreb2 was significantly higher, yet was the lowest in DREB2. Under drought stress, the expression of DREB2, DREB6 and Wdreb2 could be induced, but had different trends along with the increase of stress time, and their expression had tissue specificity, was obviously higher in leaf. Promoter of DREB2, DREB6 and Wdreb2 in leaf was further studied, some elements related to adverse stress were found, and the promoter of DREB2 and Wdreb2 was slightly methylated, but DREB6 promoter was moderately methylated. Compared with the control, the level of promoter methylation in DREB2 and DREB6 decreased as stressed for 2 h, then increased along with the increase of stress time, which was opposite in Wdreb2 promoter, the status of promoter methylation in DREB2, DREB6 and Wdreb2 also had significant change under drought stress. Further analysis showed that promoter methylation of DREB6 and Wdreb2 was negatively correlated with their expression, especially was significant in Wdreb2. Conclusions: DREB2, DREB6 and Wdreb2 might function differently in response to drought stress, and promoter methylation had more significant effects on gene expression of Wdreb2 and DREB6.
Evaluation of duplicated reference genes for quantitative real-time PCR analysis in genome unknown hexaploid oat (Avena sativa L.)
Authors: Yang Zheng , Wang Kai , Aziz Usman , Zhao Cuizhu , Zhang Meng
Published: September 2020

Background: Oat (Avena sativa L.), a hexaploid crop with unknown genome, has valuable nutritional, medicinal and pharmaceutical uses. However, no suitable RGs (reference genes) for qPCR (quantitative real-time PCR) has been documented for oat yet. Single-copy gene is often selected as RG, which is challengeable or impactable in unexplored polyploids.Results: In this study, eleven candidate RGs, including four duplicated genes, were selected from oat transcriptome. The stability and the optimal combination of these candidate RGs were assessed in 18 oat samples by using four statistical algorithms including the ΔCt method, geNorm, NormFinder and BestKeeper. The most stable RGs for “all samples”, “shoots and roots of seedlings”, “developing seeds” and “developing endosperms” were EIF4A (Eukaryotic initiation factor 4A-3), UBC21 (Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme 21), EP (Expressed protein) and EIF4A respectively. Among these RGs, UBC21 was a four-copy duplicated gene. The reliability was validated by the expression patterns of four various genes normalized to the most and the least stable RGs in different sample sets.Conclusions: Results provide a proof of concept that the duplicated RG is feasible for qPCR in polyploids. To our knowledge, this study is the first systematic research on the optimal RGs for accurate qPCR normalization of gene expression in different organs and tissues of oat.
Disparities In Cervical Cancer Screening Participation In Iran: A Cross-sectional Analysis of the 2016 Nationwide STEPS Survey
Authors: Amin Rozhin , Kolahi Ali-Asghar , Jahanmehr Nader , Abadi Ali-Reza , Sohrabi Mohammad-Reza
Published: September 2020

Background: One of the most important concerns in every healthcare system is the elimination of disparities in health service utilization and achievement of health equity. This study aims to investigate the disparities in cervical cancer screening participation in Iran.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the National Non-Communicable Risk Factors Survey in 2016 (STEPs 2016). Data on cervical cancer screening in addition to demographic and socio-economic factors from 15975 women aged 18 and above were analyzed. The distribution of surveyed women with regard to cervical cancer screening practice was described. Chi Square and logistic regression were used to assess the association of demographic and socio-economic factors with cervical cancer screening participation. Results: Overall, 52.1% of women aged 30-59 years, had undergone cervical cancer screening at least once in their lifetime. Participation rate in cervical cancer screening programs varied between provinces; ranging from 7.6% in Sistan and Baluchestan to 61.2% in Isfahan. Single marital status, illiteracy, being employed, and having no insurance coverage were associated with lower participation. Age and area of residence were insignificant predictors for participating in cervical cancer screening program. Analysis of the cervical cancer uptake rates across the socio-economic levels revealed that the service is less utilised by high income groups. Conclusions: Equity and participation in cervical cancer screening in Iran requires improvement. For this to be achieved, new policies shall have a stronger emphasis on the lowest and the highest socio-economic population groups, while current strategies have mostly affected the people with middle socio-economic status.
Peptidome analysis of cerebrospinal fluid in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage
Authors: Hou Xuewen , Yuan Zijun , Wang Xuan , Cheng Rui , Zhou Xiaoguang , Qiu Jie
Published: September 2020

Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBD) causes neonatal death and serious neurological disability; however, there are currently no promising therapies for it excepting cooling. Therefore, in this study, we used peptidome analysis to identify differentially expressed peptides in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of neonates with HIBD or controls, which may give a foundation for finding new promising drugs of neonatal HIBD. CSF samples were collected from neonates with HIBD (n=4) or controls (n=4). ITRAQ LC-MS/MS was used to identify differentially expressed peptides between two groups. A total of 35 differentially expressed peptides from 25 precursor proteins were identified. The 2671.5Da peptide (HSQFIGYPITLFVEKER), one of the down-regulated peptides in neonatal HIBD, is a fragment of heat shock protein 90-alpha (HSP90α/HSP90AA1). Results of bioinformatics analysis showed that HSP90α/HSP90AA1 was located in the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network hub and was involved in the NOD-LIKE receptor (NLR) signaling pathway. This peptide, we named it HIBDAP (Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Damage Associated Peptide), is a hydrophilic peptide with high stability and has a long half-life of 3.5h in mammalian reticulocytes. It was demonstrated that TAT-HIBDAP could successfully enter PC12 cells and further into the nucleus. After HIBDAP pretreatment and 6 hours of OGD treatment, low concentrations of HIBDAP increased the survival rate of cells, except 40μM had a toxic effect. Safe concentrations of HIBDAP reduced pyroptosis of PC12 cells under OGD, except 20μM had no effect, by suppressing expressions of NLRP3, ASC and Caspase-1 except NLRP1. The results of our study identified the characterization and expression profiles of peptides in CSF of neonatal HIBD. Several meaningful peptides such as HIBDAP may play significant roles in neonatal HIBD and provide new therapeutic targets for neonatal HIBD.
Complete genome analysis of a virulent Vibrio scophthalmi strain VSc190401 isolated from diseased marine fish half-smooth tongue sole, Cynoglossus semilaevis
Authors: zhang zheng , Yu Yong-xiang , Wang Yin-geng , Liu Xiao , Wang Lifang , Zhang Hao , Liao Mei-jie , Li Bin
Published: September 2020

Background: Vibrio scophthalmi is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen, which is widely distributed in the marine environment. Earlier studies have suggested that it is a normal microorganism in the turbot gut. However, recent studies have confirmed that this bacterial strain can cause diseases in many different marine animals. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate its whole genome for better understanding its physiological and pathogenic mechanisms.Results: In the present study, we obtained a pathogenic strain of V. scophthalmi from diseased half-smooth tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) and sequenced its whole genome. Its genome contained two circular chromosomes and two plasmids with a total size of 3,541,838 bp, which harbored 3,185 coding genes. Among these genes, 2,648, 2,298, and 1,915 genes could be found through annotation information in COG, Blast2GO, and KEGG databases, respectively. Moreover, 10 genomic islands were predicted to exist in the chromosome I through IslandViewer online system. Comparison analysis in VFDB and PHI databases showed that this strain had 334 potential virulence-related genes and 518 pathogen-host interaction-related genes. Although it contained genes related to four secretion systems of T1SS, T2SS, T4SS, and T6SS, there was only one complete T2SS secretion system. Based on CARD database blast results, 180 drug resistance genes belonging to 27 antibiotic resistance categories were found in the whole genome of such strain. However, there were many differences between the phenotype and genotype of drug resistance. Conclusions: Based on the whole genome analysis, the pathogenic V. scophthalmi strain contained many types of genes related to pathogenicity and drug resistance. Moreover, it showed inconsistency between phenotype and genotype on drug resistance. These results suggested that the physiological mechanism seemed to be complex.
Uncovering fungal community composition in natural habitat of Ophiocordyceps sinensis using high-throughput sequencing and culture-dependent approaches
Authors: Zhang Chuanbo , Ren Chao-Hui , Wang Yan-Li , Wang Qi-Qi , Wang Yun-Sheng , Weng Qing-Bei
Published: September 2020

Background: The fungal communities inhabiting natural Ophiocordyceps sinensis play critical ecological roles in alpine meadow ecosystem, contribute to infect host insect, influence the occurrence of O. sinensis, and are repertoire of potential novel metabolites discovery. However, a comprehensive understanding of fungal communities of O. sinensis remain elusive. Therefore, the present study aimed to unravel fungal communities of natural O. sinensis using combination of high-throughput sequencing and culture-dependent approaches. Results: A total of 280,519 high-quality sequences, belonging to 5 fungal phyla, 15 classes, 41 orders, 79 families, 112 genera, and 352 putative operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were obtained from natural O. sinensis using high-throughput sequencing. Among of which, 43 genera were identified in external mycelial cortices, Ophiocordyceps, Sebacinia, Archaeorhizomyces were predominant genera with the abundance of 95.86%, 1.14%, 0.85%, respectively. A total of 66 genera were identified from soil microhabitat, Inocybe, Archaeorhizomyces, unclassified Thelephoraceae, Tomentella, Thelephora, Sebacina, unclassified Ascomycota, unclassified Fungi were predominant genera with an average abundance of 53.32%, 8.69%, 8.12%, 8.12%, 7.21%, 4.6%, 3.08% and 3.05%, respectively. The fungal communities in external mycelial cortices were significantly distinct from the soil microhabitat. Meanwhile, seven types of culture media were used to isolate culturable fungi at 16°C, resulted in 77 fungal strains isolated by rDNA ITS sequence analysis, belonging to 33 genera, including Ophiocordyceps, Trichoderma, Cytospora, Truncatella, Dactylonectria, Isaria, Cephalosporium, Fusarium, Cosmospora and Paecilomyces, etc.. Among all culturable fungi, Mortierella and Trichoderma were predominant genera. Conclusions: The significantly differences and overlap in fungal community structure between two approaches highlight that the integration of high-throughput sequencing and culture-dependent approaches would generate more information. Our result reveal a comprehensive understanding of fungal community structure of natural O. sinensis, provide new insight into O. sinensis associated fungi, and support that microbiota of natural O. sinensis is an untapped source for novel bioactive metabolites discovery.
SAGA-CORE subunit Spt7 is required for correct Ubp8 localization, chromatin association and deubiquitinase activity
Authors: Nuno-Cabanes Carme , Garcia-Molinero Varinia , Martín-Expósito Manuel , Gas Maria-Eugenia , Oliete-Calvo Paula , Garcia-Oliver Encar , Iglesia-Vaya María De la , Rodriguez-Navarro Susana
Published: September 2020

Background: Histone H2B deubiquitination is performed by numerous deubiquitinases in eukaryotic cells including Ubp8, the catalytic subunit of the tetrameric deubiquitination module (DUBm: Ubp8; Sus1; Sgf11; Sgf73) of the Spt-Ada-Gcn5 acetyltransferase (SAGA). Ubp8 is linked to the rest of SAGA through Sgf73 and is activated by the adaptors Sus1 and Sgf11. It is unknown if DUBm/Ubp8 might also work in a SAGA-independent manner. Results: Here we report that a tetrameric DUBm is assembled independently of the SAGA-CORE components SPT7, ADA1 and SPT20. In the absence of SPT7, i.e. independent of the SAGA complex, Ubp8 and Sus1 are poorly recruited to SAGA-dependent genes and to chromatin. Notably, cells lacking Spt7 or Ada1, but not Spt20, show lower levels of nuclear Ubp8 than wild type cells, suggesting a possible role for SAGA-CORE subunits in Ubp8 localization. Last, deletion of SPT7 leads to defects in Ubp8 deubiquitinase activity in in vivo and in vitroassays. Conclusions: Collectively, our studies show that the DUBm tetrameric structure can form without a complete intact SAGA-CORE complex and that it includes full length Sgf73. However, subunits of this SAGA-CORE influence DUBm association with chromatin, its localization and its activity.
Treatment response lowers tumor symptom burden in recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck cancer
Authors: Hecht Markus , Hahn Dennis , Wolber Philipp , Hautmann Matthias G. , Reichert Dietmar , Weniger Steffi , Belka Claus , Bergmann Tobias , Göhler Thomas , Welslau Manfred , Große-Thie Christina , Guntinas-Lichius Orlando , Gruen Jens von der , Balermpas Panagiotis , Orlowski Katrin , Messinger Diethelm , Stenzel Karsten G. , Fietkau Rainer
Published: September 2020

Background: Head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) frequently causes severe symptoms that may be reduced, when the tumor is successfully treated. The SOCCER trial studied the association of treatment response with patient reported tumor symptom burden in first line treatment of recurrent and/or metastatic HNSCC.Methods: In this prospective, multi-center, non-interventional trial patients were treated either with platinum-based chemotherapy and cetuximab or radiotherapy and cetuximab. Tumor symptom burden was assessed every four weeks with a questionnaire containing ten visual analogue scales (VAS, range 0-100), which were summarized to the overall VAS score.Results: 470 patients were registered in 97 German centers. A total of 315 patients with at least the baseline and one subsequent questionnaire were available for analysis. Changes in the VAS score were rated as absolute differences from baseline. Negative values indicate improvement of symptoms. The overall VAS score improved significantly at the first post-baseline assessment in responders (-2.13 vs. non-responders +1.15, p=0.048), and even more for the best post-baseline assessment (-7.82 vs. non-responders -1.97, p=0.0005). The VAS for pain (-16.37 vs. non-responders -8.89, p=0.001) and swallowing of solid food (-16.67 vs. non-responders -5.06, p=0.002) improved significantly more in responders (best post-baseline assessment). In the multivariable Cox regression analysis, worse overall VAS scores were associated with worse overall survival (hazard ratio for death 1.12 per 10 points increment on the overall VAS scale, 95% CI 1.05-1.20, p=0.0009)Conclusion: In unselected patients beyond randomized controlled trials, treatment response lowers tumor symptom burden in recurrent and/or metastatic HNSCC.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00122460. Registered 22 Juli 2005, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00122460
Enhanced differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into pancreatic endocrine cells in 3D culture by inhibition of focal adhesion kinase
Authors: Liu Xiaofang , Qin Jinhua , Chang Mingyang , Wang Shuyong , Li Yali , Pei Xuetao , Wang Yunfang
Published: September 2020

Background: Generation of insulin-producing cells from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) in vitro would be useful for drug discovery and cell therapy in diabetes. Three-dimensional (3D) culture is important for the acquisition of mature insulin-producing cells from hPSCs, but the mechanism by which it promotes β cell maturation is poorly understood.Methods: We established a stepwise method to induce high-efficiency differentiation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) into mature monohormonal pancreatic endocrine cells (PECs), with the last maturation stage in 3D culture. To comprehensively compare two-dimensional (2D) and 3D culture, we examined gene expression, pancreas-specific markers and functional characteristics in 2D culture-induced PECs and 3D culture-induced PECs. The mechanisms were considered from the perspectives of cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions which are fundamentally different between 2D and 3D culture.Results: The expression of the pancreatic endocrine-specific transcription factors PDX1, NKX6.1, NGN3, ISL1, and PAX6 and the hormones INS, GCG, and SST was significantly increased in 3D culture-induced PECs. 3D culture yielded monohormonal endocrine cells, while 2D culture-induced PECs co-expressed INS and GCG or INS and SST or even expressed all three hormones. We found that focal adhesion kinase (FAK) phosphorylation was significantly downregulated in 3D culture-induced PECs, and treatment with the selective FAK inhibitor PF-228 improved the expression of β cell-specific transcription factors in 2D culture-induced PECs. We further demonstrated that 3D culture may promote endocrine commitment by limiting FAK-dependent activation of the SMAD2/3 pathway. Moreover, the expression of the gap junction protein Connexin 36 was much higher in 3D culture-induced PECs than in 2D culture-induced PECs, and inhibition of the FAK pathway in 2D culture increased Connexin 36 expression. Conclusion: We developed a strategy to induce differentiation of monohormonal mature PECs from hPSCs and found limited FAK-dependent activation of the SMAD2/3 pathway and unregulated expression of Connexin 36 in 3D culture-induced PECs. This study has important implications for the generation of mature, functional β cells for drug discovery and cell transplantation therapy for diabetes, and sheds new light on the signalling events that regulate endocrine specification.