bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Propagation and scattering of electromagnetic wavesbiorthogonal electrodynamics
Authors: Zakharchenko Mikhail V. , Glinskii Gennadii F
Published: February 2025

In the present work, a new, most general approach to the analysis of the electromagnetic wave propagation and scattering processes in systems with arbitrary anisotropy of permittivity and permeability is developed. The mathematical apparatus of this theory is based on the Green's function method in the biorthogonal formulation, which allows one to study electrodynamic systems described by non-Hermitian operators. The solution to the problem of electromagnetic wave propagation is expressed through the Green's operator corresponding to the Maxwell's equations in the general form outside the framework of any representation. As an example, one-dimensional problems of determining transmission spectra in various layered structures based on media with arbitrary anisotropic dielectric and magnetic parameters are considered. Transmission spectra in multilayered structures are calculated, taking into account the presence of defective layers in them. For a simple system of four dielectric layers, a high accuracy of correspondence between the result of the analytical solution of this problem and the result of the solution by the proposed method is shown. Transmission spectra of anisotropic layered structures with a complex coordinate dependence of the dielectric function are also calculated, in which, in principle, there are no mathematically strict boundaries.
Constant roll and non-Gaussian tail in light of logarithmic duality
Authors: Inui Ryoto , Motohashi Hayato , Pi Shi , Tada Yuichiro , Yokoyama Shuichiro
Published: February 2025

The curvature perturbation in a model of constant-roll (CR) inflation is interpreted in view of the logarithmic duality discovered in ref. [1] according to the δN formalism.
We confirm that the critical value β:=φ̈/(Hφ̇)= -3/2 determining whether the CR
condition is stable or not is understood as the point at which the dual solutions, i.e., the attractor and non-attractor solutions of the field equation, are interchanged.
For the attractor-solution domination, the curvature perturbation in the CR model is given by a simple logarithmic mapping of a Gaussian random field, which can realise both the exponential tail (i.e., the single exponential decay) and the Gumbel-distribution-like tail (i.e., the double exponential decay) of the probability density function, depending on the value of β.
Such a tail behaviour is important for, e.g., the estimation of the primordial black hole (PBH) abundance.
The SST-1M imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope for gamma-ray astrophysics
Authors: Alispach C. , Araudo A. , Balbo M. , Beshley V. , Biland A. , Blažek J. , Borkowski J. , Bulik T. , Cadoux F. , Casanova S. , Christov A. , Chudoba J. , Chytka L. , Dědič P. , della Volpe D. , Favre Y. , Garczarczyk M. , Gibaud L. , Gieras T. , Hamal P. , Heller M. , Hrabovský M. , Janeček P. , Jelínek M. , Jílek V. , Juryšek J. , Karas V. , Lacave B. , Lyard E. , Mach E. , Mandát D. , Marek W. , Michal S. , Michałowski J. , Moderski R. , Montaruli T. , Muraczewski A. , Muthyala S. , Müller A.L. , Nagai A. , Nalewajski K. , Neise D. , Niemiec J. , Nikołajuk M. , Novotný V. , Ostrowski M. , Palatka M. , Pech M. , Prouza M. , Rajda P. , Schovanek P. , Seweryn K. , Sliusar V. , Stawarz Ł. , Sternberger R. , Stodulska M. , Świerblewski J. , Świerk P. , Štrobl J. , Tavernier T. , Trávníček P. , Troyano Pujadas I. , Vícha J. , Vacula M. , Walter R. , Ziȩtara K.
Published: February 2025

The SST-1M (webpage: https://sst-1m.space) is a Small-Sized Telescope (SST) designed to provide a cost-effective and high-performance solution for gamma-ray astrophysics, particularly for energies beyond a few TeV.
The goal is to integrate this telescope into an array of similar instruments, leveraging its lightweight design, earthquake resistance, and established Davies-Cotton configuration. Additionally, its optical system is designed to function without a protective dome, allowing it to withstand the harsh atmospheric conditions typical of mountain environments above 2000 m a.s.l.
The SST-1M utilizes a fully digitizing camera system based on silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs). This camera is capable of digitizing all signals from the UV-optical light detectors, allowing for the implementation of various triggers and data analysis methods. We detail the process of designing, prototyping, and validating this system, ensuring that it meets the stringent requirements for gamma-ray detection and performance.
An SST-1M stereo system is currently operational and collecting data at the Ondřejov observatory in the Czech Republic, situated at 500 m a.s.l. Preliminary results from this system are promising.
A forthcoming paper will provide a comprehensive analysis of the telescope's performance in detecting gamma rays and operating under real-world conditions.
Transport and confinement physics: Chapter 2 of the special issue: on the path to tokamak burning plasma operation
Authors: Yoshida M. , McDermott R.M. , Angioni C. , Camenen Y. , Citrin J. , Jakubowski M. , Hughes J.W. , Idomura Y. , Mantica P. , Mariani A. , Mordijck S. , Paul E.J. , Tala T. , Verdoolaege G. , Zocco A. , Casson F.J. , Dif-Pradalier G. , Duval B. , Grierson B.A. , Kaye S.M. , Manas P. , Maslov M. , Odstrcil T. , Rice J.E. , Schmitz L. , Sciortino F. , Solano E.R. , Staebler G. , Valovič M. , Wolfrum E. , Snipes J.A. ,   the Transport and Confinement Group
Published: February 2025

Progress in physics understanding and theoretical model development of plasma transport and confinement (TC) in the ITPA TC Topical Group since the publication of the ITER Physics Basis (IPB) document (Doyle et al 2007 Nucl. Fusion
47 S18) was summarized focusing on the contributions to ITER and burning plasma prediction and control. This paper provides a general and streamlined overview on the advances that were mainly led by the ITPA TC joint experiments and joint activities for the last 15 years (see JEX/JA table in appendix). This paper starts with the scientific strategy and scope of the ITPA TC Topical group and overall picture of the major progress, followed by the progress of each research field: particle transport, impurity transport, ion and electron thermal turbulent transport, momentum transport, impact of 3D magnetic fields on transport, confinement mode transitions, global confinement, and reduced transport modeling. Cross references with other Topical Groups are given in order to highlight overlapped topics, such as the 3D effect on the plasma transport in the edge and L-H transition physics. The increasing overlap between the topical groups is a reflection of the progress on integrating the known physics into comprehensive models that are better and better able to reproduce the plasma transport. In recent years, such integration has become increasingly prevalent when considering transport from the SOL, through the edge pedestal, and into the plasma core. In the near future, increased collaboration also with the magneto-hydrodynamic and energetic particles community will be important as we approach burning plasma conditions in next-step fusion devices. A summary of remaining challenges and next steps for each research field is given in the Summary section.
Equilibria and excitation spectra of the CN-H1 HELIAC including magnetic island effects
Authors: Zhang Y. , Cao J. , Gao Z.K. , Könies A. , Drevlak M. , Nührenberg C. , Gong Xueyu
Published: February 2025

The CN-H1 stellarator is a HELIAC, and re-build with partly renewed coils at the University of South China. We calculate a set of equilibria varying the helical current and compute their Alfvén and sound excitation spectrum. With a plot of the density of frequencies, we provide a proxy for the continuum damping and for the visibility of excitations in the diagnostics. Furthermore, we explore the importance of magnetic islands for the excitation spectrum of the device. Thereby we expand a numerical tool to include the modifications due to islands along with the so called slow-sound approximation. We find that the frequency of the geodesic acoustic mode vs. radius changes considerably even for a moderate island size which may have consequences for the zonal flow dynamics.
Improve the surface roughness of resin 3D printed products using RSM Method
Authors: Huynh Huu Nghi , Huynh Quoc Thi , Bui Trong Hieu
Published: February 2025

Additive Manufacturing has been widely applied in many different industries and fields, especially in 3D printing technology using liquid plastic materials - a technology that creates products with superior structural complexity detail, and surface roughness. In developing countries, research into the use of desktop and open-source devices to create products that can be used in important fields such as industry, healthcare, and jewelry is of great interest due to advantages in equipment costs, materials, etc. However, nowadays, products created on these lines are of unsatisfactory quality for application in production. The main reason is that users do not have the optimal process parameter sets for each specific application goal, and research on this issue is not receiving adequate attention. Therefore, the authors researched to analyze and learn about the influence of important process parameters on product surface quality, determining the optimal set of parameters suitable for the product. The study uses the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) method to design experiments. Data on the surface roughness of 32 test samples were analyzed using the ANOVA method to evaluate each process parameter’s influence on surface roughness. Minitab version 18 software was used for optimization. The research results have identified an optimal set of parameters suitable for most open-source machines using liquid plastic materials today, with a significantly improved surface roughness Ra value of the test specimen.
Corrigendum: A Proposal for a Next Generation European Neutron Source (2016 Journal of Physics: Conference Series 746 012030)
Authors: Andersen K.H. , Carlile C.J.
Published: February 2025

Please see Article PDF for corrigendum text.
How do trees outside forests contribute to human wellbeing? A systematic review from South Asia
Authors: Choksi Pooja , Lalai Dhwani , Menon Anamika , Joglekar Abha , Roy Anirban , Ramprasad Vijay , Thapa Mahendra Singh , Gudasalamani Ravikanth , Dhyani Shalini , Bunyan Milind , Shastri Seema , Plieninger Tobias , Adhikari Binod , Fischer Harry , Lahiri Sutirtha , Djenontin Ida N S , Elias Faisal , Kocher Megan , Cuadra Juan Ortiz , Fleischman Forrest
Published: February 2025

Trees have emerged as a key focus of global environmental policy. Several programs promote planting of trees outside forests (ToF), in places such as farms and grazing lands, due to the potential of trees to provide a wide variety of benefits to people and nature. Yet, our knowledge of human well-being outcomes of ToFs is limited, especially in South Asia. In this systematic literature review, we examine multidimensional human wellbeing outcomes of a wide range of ToF practices in rural landscapes of South Asian countries; including Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. Relying on six databases, we uncover a large body of research in 325 articles considered for this review. Articles from Bangladesh and India dominate our review, with 71% of the studies. Further, two ToF systems, tree and forest gardens and multipurpose trees on farms, were the most commonly studied, accounting for approximately 43% of the dataset. About 62% of publications reported increases in incomes, representing economic wellbeing, 34% and 36% of publications reported an increase in material wellbeing (access to biomass and fuelwood respectively), and 10% in dietary diversity. ToF systems also created opportunities for vocational training. Trade-offs include negative and mixed outcomes on people’s sense of agency, political voice, and social equity in particular with afforestation and monoculture plantation projects in which governmental agencies took leadership or influential roles. Some research designs were weak and it was unclear whether the studied tree-based systems reflect the actual distribution of tree-based systems in South Asia. This review offers useful insights to guide ongoing and future tree-based natural-climate solutions projects in the region and worldwide to ensure ecological security and human wellbeing are well considered. It also points to areas where future research is needed.
Spatial Analysis and Assesment of The Impact of Regional Border Transportation Corridor on Land Use: A Case Study of Yogyakarta-Surakarta Transportation Corridor
Authors: Susilo B , Widianingrum N A
Published: February 2025

Land use change is a complex process that significantly contributes to the increasing greenhouse gas emissions on the earth’s surface. While researchers have traditionally focused on urban areas, the impact of transportation corridors on land use change, affecting 15–20% of the global land, has been overlooked. This study examines the land use and land use change from 2000-2024 in the transportation corridor between Yogyakarta and Surakarta city, utilizing the Yogyakarta - Klaten segment as a case study. The research employs the spatial proximity analysis method to delineate transportation corridors, creating analysis units known as corridor and buffer zones. The findings reveal a change in land use over approximately 24 years, covering an area of 1,373.81 hectares, which is 13.86% of the total research area. The most significant (68.52%) type of land use change observed is the transition from agricultural land to settlement and other buildings. Moreover, the study highlights that the intensity of change tends to diminish with the increasing distance from the central Yogyakarta-Solo road, highlighting the impact of transportation corridors on land use patterns and distribution. Interestingly, the Yogyakarta-Prambanan zone shows a higher intensity of change than the Prambanan-Klaten zone, indicative of the influence of regional characteristics on land use patterns and distribution.
The conformity evaluation between land use and land capability: an insight of land planning in South Sorong
Authors: Kondong H , Kurniawan A , Santosa L W
Published: February 2025

This research aims to identify the actual land use, classify land capability, and evaluate the conformity between land use and the spatial pattern of Regional Spatial Plans (RTRW) about land capability. In this research, the methods used are the identification of land use by using satellite imagery from Landsat 8-2022, determination of land capability class based on eight (8) land characteristics, and evaluation of land conformity by employing overlaying maps of actual land use and land capability, spatial pattern plan of Regional Spatial Plans (RTRW) and land capability, as well as actual land use and spatial pattern plan of Regional Spatial Plans (RTRW). The results indicated that the land capability class in South Sorong District is classified into eight land capability classes. Land capability classes I to IV are potential for agricultural cultivation, food crops, and horticulture. Meanwhile, land capability classes V and VI have potential for forest and plantation use. Land capability classes VII and VIII are assigned to preserve protected functions. The guidance of land use based on land capability in this area can be applied to identify the function of cultivation and protection areas.
The Effect of CO Emissions on Lung Vital Capacity in Vehicle Inspectors at the Transportation Department in Slawi
Authors: Firmansyah Abdul Haris , Subronto Yanri Wijayanti , Maimunah Siti , Nurjani Emilya
Published: February 2025

Carbon monoxide is a colorless and odorless gas that can cause various diseases, one of which is respiratory disease. The quantitative research method used a cross sectional approach and was analytic observational. Measurement of carbon monoxide at PKB Slawi building with an interval of 15 minutes obtained an average CO gas of 89.36 ppm. The analysis used was univariate and bivariate. Test used by Fisher’s Exact Test. Of the 20 workers, there were 12 workers who had lung function disorders,and 8 workers have normal lung. Tests obtained a p value of 0.005 <0.05, which means that it has a relationship between exposure to CO emissions and impaired lung function. Meanwhile, for the confounding variable, each variable was obtained for a P value> 0.05 with a significance level of 95% so that Ho was accepted, Ha was rejected which means that theres no relation between the various variable with lung function.
Springs Water Quality Analysis in Kejajar District, Wonosobo Regency Using Water Quality Index
Authors: Azizah A N , Widyastuti M , Fadlillah L N
Published: February 2025

The development of anthropogenic activities and plantations in the Dieng Plateau area has the potential to trigger the accumulation of fertilizer nutrients and anthropogenic factors. They can pollute domestic water which is dominated by springs as groundwater resources in Kejajar District, Wonosobo Regency. Hence, the objective of this study is to analyze the condition of spring water quality in terms of suitability for domestic purposes using Indonesian Modification of Water Quality Index (INA-WQI) and National Sanitation Foundation Water Quality Index (NSF-WQI). The research used purposive sampling based on spring discharge classification and spatial distribution. The water quality parameters that will be tested in the laboratory consist of 9 physical, chemical and biological parameters. These parameters consist of TDS, TSS, Temperature, Turbidity, pH, Ammonia, Total Phosphate, Nitrate, and Fecal coliform. The WQI calculations for both methods use modification scenarios of the number of parameters and weight values. The research results show that the condition of springs water quality in Kejajar District is is classified as safe for domestic needs because it is dominated by the excellent and good classifications. Except for several sample points such as Kalilempong Springs and Lirang Springs.
Changes in Groundwater Recharge in parts of Bantul Regency in 2010 and 2022
Authors: Harwinanto F D A , Adji T N
Published: February 2025

The increasing population growth rate causes an increase in demand for land and groundwater usage. Limited land in cities means urban development will focus on sub-urban areas within the city area. This research aims to describe changes in groundwater recharge in sub-urban regions of Bantul Regency and analyze urbanization’s effects on groundwater recharge in sub-urban areas of Bantul Regency. The method used in this research is the water budget method which uses rainfall, evapotranspiration, surface runoff, and groundwater recharge as its parameters. Groundwater recharge is obtained through rainfall, evapotranspiration, and surface runoff. The result showed that the groundwater recharge within the study area has decreased due to the increasing surface runoff. Through policies, land use change can be controlled to decrease the impact of surface runoff and keep the quantity and quality of the groundwater at acceptable levels.
Development strategy of Klayar Beach Tourism Area, East Java, Indonesia as an effort to improve the environmental conditions of local community settlements
Authors: Kusumawardhani E E , Giyarsih S R , Sudrajat
Published: February 2025

This research aims to develop a tourism development strategy that can provide a greater positive impact, especially in improving the environmental conditions of residential communities living in the surrounding area. The research method used is a qualitative method with a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis based on the results of in-depth interviews with seven informants. The data collected in the form of interview transcripts was then reduced and tested for validity by triangulating data sources. The research results show that improving residential environmental conditions can be done indirectly through a strategy to develop the Klayar Beach tourist area. This can happen because growing tourism will cause the economic welfare of the community to increase and encourage people’s desire to have a better environment than before the development of tourism.
Stunting Dynamic of Unintended Pregnancy Incident in Urban Areas of Salatiga City
Authors: Dhafita Nadia Anindya , Saputra Erlis , Sudrajat
Published: February 2025

Stunting has become quite a focus in Salatiga City, including in sustainable development. The stunting could be a damage and problem in sustainable development. Toddlers and babies with stunting conditions could grow and have the risk of a lack of cognitive development. Stunting in Salatiga City uses object determinants of height and age with a very short index based on the measurement every month. By using qualitative methods and in-depth interviews, urban areas have many factors from early pregnancy until the infection disease and illness from their cleanliness. The findings suggest intervention and prevention by parents and the environment could help to line down the risk of stunted. The intervention could be giving exclusive breastfeeding, making more meals based on the doctor’s receipt, also cleaning the environment of toddlers and having friend to go in integrated health center.
Burial History Modeling of the Mallawa Formation and Balangbaru Formation Makassar Basin, South Sulawesi Province
Authors: Yunita Puteri Amalia , Sutadiwiria Yarra , Rendy  , Haykal Yusuf Ariq , Asaria Cifa Aufariq , Arifin Asri , Ramadana Rahmat , Gamara Miftahul
Published: February 2025

Makassar Basin estimated to have hydrocarbon potential and is considered a source rock. The study aims to identify formations with potential as source rocks, based on the geochemical characteristics of source rocks and the burialhistory in the research area. The analysis was conducted on single research well. From the study conducted on one well, source rock samples were obtained from the Mallawa Formation and Balangbaru Formation, which were further analyzedin geochemical analysis. The method employed in this research involves analyzing geochemical characteristics (quantity, quality, and maturity level), including Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Rock Eval-Pyrolisis (REP), Vitrinite Reflectance (VR), Van Krevelen Diagram, HI and Tmax Cross-plot. Burial history is analyzed using Petromod 1D software this software can create burial history graphs used age data, top formation, biostratigraphy (paleo water depth), lithology, and TOC values. From this data, burial history modeling can be generated. The quantitative and qualitative analysis results indicate that the potential source rocks are the Mallawa Formation and Balangbaru Formation, based on the organic material content (total organic carbon). The Mallawa Formation has TOC values ranging from 0.77% to 6.11%, with Fair to Excellent quantities, type III kerogen indicating that this type of kerogen is derived from woody terrestrial material. It is rich in carbon and produces primarily gas when heated, and Immature maturity, while the Balangbaru Formation has TOCvalues ranging from 0.03% to 7.41%, with Fair to Excellent quantities, type II/IIb kerogen is also rich in hydrogen but produces a mix of oil and gas when heated, and Immature to Peak Mature maturity. Based on the research results, it is inferred that source rocks in the Mallawa and Balangbaru Formations have the potential to generate hydrocarbon productssuch as oil and gas. The burial history of the source rocks in Well AYP-1 is controlled by the sedimentation rate, basin subsidence rate, and tectonics.
Estimating the Effect of Flow Efficiency on Oil Flow Rates Using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Sutiadi Andrian , Taufiq Fathaddin Muhammad , Prakoso Suryo
Published: February 2025

Frequently drilling activity causes formation damage. The damage can be estimated from the drill stem test analysis. Formation damage is indicated by a skin factor (S) with higher than 0 or flow efficiency parameter (FE) lower than 100%. Improvement of formation damage can cause an increase in flow rate. Artificial neural network (ANN) model is used to estimate the increase flowrate of productive zones on “X” Field with FE 20% to 100%. The ANN model used reservoir pressure, temperature, permeability, formation thickness, specific gravity of oil, gas to oil ratio, oil viscosity, and flow efficiency as input parameters. While the flow rate is as the output parameter. Based on predictions with the ANN model obtained the increase in flow rate varies between 1.1% to 78.0%. Besides, it is found that flowrate of the layers on the field is influenced by the product of kh, where kh is equivalent with the flowrate.
Well Patterns and Nutrient Injection Rates Optimization for Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (MEOR) in the “DHP” Field
Authors: Swadesi Boni , Hascarya Parawita Difa , Suwardi  , Widiyaningsih Indah , Aditya Ghassany Ravi
Published: February 2025

Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery (MEOR) involves injecting nutrients into oil reservoirs to enhance the oil recovery. This technology has the capacity to increase the amount of oil that can be extracted. Microbes in the reservoir oil can be activated by nutrients that they come contact with, leading to a response. The interaction between nutrients and microbes in the reservoir oil can optimize oil recovery efficiency by catalyzing the decomposition of hydrocarbon chains. This research is written based on the information provided. The objective of this study is to evaluate the efficiency of nutrition injection by analyzing data obtained from scientific journals. The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of different injection-production well designs and the most effective nutrient injection rate on enhancing oil recovery and the recovery factor value in the “DHP” Field using MEOR injection. The methodology employed in this study comprises a comprehensive review of existing literature and the utilization of reservoir simulation techniques. This data is subsequently utilized to conduct reservoir simulation for nutrient injection using a simulator. The problem lies in the fact that the scenarios generated only incorporate sensitivity analysis of the injection-production well layouts and injection rates, without taking account into the economic factors. The study’s findings indicate that employing suitable nutrient injection well layouts and optimizing the nutrient injection rate can enhance oil recovery in the MEOR process through nutrient injection. The simulation findings for the Base case, Scenario 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 yielded oil recovery factors of 12.62%, 15.90%, 13.72%, 24.92%, 23.25%, 26.53%, 25.63%, 15.33%, and 15.90% respectively. Hence, the most optimal approach for enhancing oil recovery in the “DHP” Field by MEOR nutrition injection is Scenario 5, which involves a direct drive injection design and an injection rate of 40 bbl/day.
Analysis of Permeability and Porosity Relationship with Power Law and Exponential Equation Approach
Authors: Pramadika Havidh , Ginting Mulia , Hari Karyadi Oetomo R. , Prima Andry , Chairil Arfantia Rizka
Published: February 2025

Porosity; a measure of the ability of hydrocarbon reservoir rock to hold reservoir fluid; and permeability; a measure of the ability of hydrocarbon reservoir rock to transmit hydrocarbon fluid; are very important parameters in the producing hydrocarbon fluid at optimal production, and in the recovery of hydrocarbon throughout the life of the hydrocarbon field. It is important to have a relationship between permeability and porosity determined from core sample. This relationship will be utilized to estimate the permeability from well logging measurement. There are 23 core samples measurements that being analyzed for permeability and porosity correlation. The approaches to calculate permeability value from porosity are using Power Law Equation approach and Exponential Equation approach. The Power Law Equation needs to obtained 7 constants. The calculated permeability as compared to permeability data from 23 measurement by using Power Law Equation, gives 2.48% of error. While the calculated permeability from the Exponent needs to obtained 6 constants. The calculated permeability as compared to measure permeability give 6.93% of error.
Variation of palm oil MES surfactant concentrations using CMG software
Authors: Meidya Buana Firdha , Satiawati Listiana , Sunny Yulia Prayang
Published: February 2025

This study utilizes computer simulations to explore the potential use of Methyl Ester Sulfonate (MES) surfactants derived from palm oil to enhance oil recovery stability. The main function of MES in reducing interfacial tension (IFT) and boosting recovery factor (RF) includes several key actions. MES molecules align at the oil-water interface, reducing interfacial energy and IFT. It also forms micelles that encapsulate oil, further lowering IFT. By disrupting water’s cohesive forces, MES helps disperse oil droplets, improving fluid dynamics and stabilizing emulsions. These effects enhance oil recovery, making MES effective in enhanced oil recovery applications. Using simulation software, this approach offers a simpler and more flexible way to evaluate different concentration levels, as it can be performed anytime and anywhere without incurring extra expenses typically associated with laboratory setups. It enables researchers to quickly identify the optimal concentration that yields the best recovery factor. Various concentration levels were tested to determine the optimal concentration that yields the best recovery factor. The tested concentrations ranged from 0.50% to 2.03%, with a specific gravity of 41 API for all variations and salinity brine at 8900 ppm. At a concentration of 0.50%, the lowest recovery factor (RF) obtained is 35.62%, while the highest RF is achieved at a concentration of 2.00%, with a value of 55.35%.
Investigating the Land Cover Characteristics of the Kesongo Mud Volcano Complex, Java Island, Indonesia: Surface Analysis and Visual Interpretation through Harmonized Sentinel-2A MSI Imagery
Authors: Gathot Harbowo Danni , Sarmantua Sitinjak Eri
Published: February 2025

The Kesongo Mud Volcano Complex on Java Island, Indonesia, is a distinctive geological feature that necessitates further study of its land cover to understand potential successions. This research examines the land cover characteristics using satellite imagery to investigate surface and visual features. Employing Harmonized Sentinel-2A MSI imagery analysis, coupled with field observations, we uncovered the complexity of the land cover, including variations in vegetation and substrate characteristics. Remote sensing techniques identified the mud volcano land-cover traits based on the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and normalized difference moisture index (NDMI), both of which exhibited a linear regression trend with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.6184. The findings reveal contrasting patterns between the central, inner, and outer rim regions, distinguishable by specific band combinations, notably [B8, B4, B3] and [B11, B8, B12]. Furthermore, moisture and vegetation around the mud volcano indicate characteristics of recently active mudflow areas, particularly where Typhaceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and Euphorbiaceae are present. This study enhances our understanding of the dynamic land cover of this mud volcano complex and provides insights into its geological and ecological features, offering valuable perspectives for geoconservation.
Analysis of Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) Microtremors in Quaternary Sediment Area, Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi Indonesia
Authors: Amelia Rosa , Imran A.M , Sultan
Published: February 2025

West coast area of Takalar district is the central government area which is experiencing significant population growth and infrastructure development. The research area is located above alluvium deposit and has natural hazard potential triggered by Walanae Fault, Selayar Fault and Flores Back Arc Thrust Fault, which are the main seismic sources close to research site. Seismic disasters can be caused by several factors including distance, earthquake strength and local site effects. In this research, the authors used Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) microtremor method, by comparing the horizontal to vertical components to obtain shallow factors to describe the local characteristics of research site. Takalar microzonation aims to map areas based on seismic vulnerability in the Quaternary Sediment site in Takalar Regency. The research results show that local conditions of the research site are dominated by soft to very soft soil. Coastal areas have softer characteristics and harder away from the coast. The results of microtremor microzonation show that coastal areas have low dominant frequency. This indicates that the sediment thickness is thicker, make those areas vulnerable to seismic shocks. Meanwhile, the seismic vulnerability index results are dominated by the high category throughout the research site and the amplification factor values are low to high. The authors hope this research can be used as a consideration for relevant stakeholders to mitigate potential of seismic disaster hazards in Takalar Regency.
Geochemical Characterization of Rocks to Analyze the Source of Acid Mine Drainage Generation
Authors: Tuheteru E J , Firmansyah M R , Suliestyah  , Hartami P N , Yulianti R , Putri A S , Ubro K B
Published: February 2025

PT. Batubara Lahat, located in South Sumatra province, is a company that conducts coal mining using the open pit method. The open pit mining method creates a flow of water that has low pH properties commonly known as acid mine drainage and then becomes one in the lowest area of mining which is commonly called a sump. Acid mine drainage is water produced through oxidation of sulfide minerals in rocks by oxygen in the air in an aqueous environment. In good mining engineering regulations, companies must be responsible for overcoming the potential for the formation of acid mine drainage, one of which is by analyzing the quality of water that will be formed in testing as a first step by understanding the geochemical characterization of rocks on a laboratory scale. Geochemical characterization of rocks is determined by several laboratory tests, namely, static tests and kinetic tests, where in static tests are usually carried out by measuring total sulfur, paste pH, NAG pH, and Acid Base Accounting (ABA) methods, while in kinetic tests are usually carried out by the Free Draining Column Leach Test (FDCLT) method. The samples used in this study were the side rock samples of PT Lahat Coal, namely BL-A1, BL-A2, BL-B, BL-C, BL-D, BL-E and BL-F. Based on the results of this study, samples BL-A1, BL-A2 are categorized as potentially acidic rocks or PAF while samples BL-B, BL-C, BL-D, BL-E and BL-F are categorized as rocks that are not potentially acidic or NAF. The results of characterizing the geochemistry of these rocks can be a consideration for PT. Batubara Lahat in managing rock dumps in order to meet the environmental standards that have been set.
Application of polydopamine as antibacterial and anti-inflammatory materials
Authors: Liu Yi , Li Baixue , Yi Chuan , Chen Xin , Yu Xiaolin
Published: February 2025

Polydopamine (PDA), as a material mimicking the adhesive proteins of mussels in nature, has emerged as a strong candidate for developing novel antibacterial and anti-inflammatory materials due to its outstanding biomimetic adhesion, effective photothermal conversion, excellent bio-compatibility and antioxidant capabilities. This review discussed in detail the intricate structure and polymerization principles of PDA, elucidated its mechanisms in combating bacterial infections and inflammation, as well as explored the innovative use of PDA-based composite materials for antibacterial and anti-inflammatory applications. By providing an in-depth analysis of PDA's capabilities and future research directions, this review addresses a crucial need for safer, more effective, and controllable antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory strategies, which aim to contribute to the development of advanced materials that can significantly impact public health.
HoloST: holistic spatiotemporal learning-integrating long-short temporal dynamics and global-local spatial features for chemical process fault diagnosis
Authors: Chen Xiao , ren jia , Shi Qi , Wang Junjia
Published: February 2025

Owing to the inherent strong dynamics, nonlinearity, and spatiotemporal correlation of chemical process data, extracting effective features and achieving high-precision fault identification pose significant challenges. To tackle this problem, this paper presents a novel and effective spatiotemporal feature fusion model, HoloST. Specifically, the time series module integrates LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory), SEnet (Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks), and 1D CNN (One-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network) to extract both long- and short-term temporal dependency information from the data. Meanwhile, the spatial module employs GS-CNN (Global Scale Convolutional Neural Network) and DSC (Depthwise Separable Convolution) to capture global and local spatial correlations. By integrating the temporal and spatial feature modules, the model can comprehensively extract long- and short-term temporal information as well as global and local spatial details, thereby significantly enhancing the effectiveness of feature extraction. Experiments conducted using the benchmark Tennessee Eastman process dataset and a three-phase flow dataset demonstrate the superiority of the proposed HoloST model over five other mainstream data-driven fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) approaches. Furthermore, k-fold cross-validation experiments and experiments with limited sample sizes verify the robustness and generalization capability of the model.
Calponin-Homology Domain of GAS2L1 Promotes Formation of Stress Fibers and Focal Adhesions
Authors: Au Franco K.C. , Le Khoi T.D. , Liao Zhitao , Lin Zhijie , Shen Yuehong , Tong Penger , Zhang Mingjie , Qi Robert Z.
Published: February 2025

Growth arrest-specific 2-like 1 protein (GAS2L1) binds both actin and microtubules through its unique structural domains: a calponin-homology (CH) domain for actin binding and a GAS2-related (GAR) domain for microtubule interaction. In this study, we demonstrate that GAS2L1 promotes stress fiber assembly, enhances focal adhesion formation, and stabilizes cytoskeletal networks against mechanical perturbation through its CH domain. Remarkably, we show that the CH domain dimerizes and induces actin filament bundling and stabilization both in cells and in vitro. The CH and GAR domains interact to form an autoinhibitory module, wherein the GAR domain suppresses CH domain dimerization and actin-bundling activity. Our findings provide novel insights into the regulatory mechanisms of GAS2L1’s autoinhibition and identify the CH domain as a critical actin-bundling factor that contributes to the organization of stress fibers and focal adhesions.
Trafficking of K63-polyubiquitin modified membrane proteins in a macroautophagy-independent pathway is linked to ATG9A
Authors: Scavone Francesco , Lian Sharon , Eskelinen Eeva-Liisa , Cohen Robert E. , Yao Tingting
Published: February 2025

Cytoplasmic K63-linked polyubiquitin signals have well-established roles in endocytosis and selective autophagy. However, how these signals help to direct different cargos to different intracellular trafficking routes is unclear. Here we report that, when the K63-polyubiquitin signal is blocked by intracellular expression of a high-affinity sensor (named Vx3), many proteins originating from the plasma membrane are found trapped in clusters of small vesicles that co-localize with ATG9A, a transmembrane protein that plays an essential role in autophagy. Importantly, whereas ATG9A is required for cluster formation, other core autophagy machinery as well as selective autophagy cargo receptors are not required. Although the cargos are sequestered in the vesicular clusters in an ATG9-dependent manner, additional signals are needed to induce LC3 conjugation. Upon removal of the Vx3 block, K63-polyubiquitylated cargos are rapidly delivered to lysosomes. These observations suggest that ATG9A plays an unexpected role in the trafficking of K63-polyubiquitin modified membrane proteins.

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Shlomo Dykman’s Aeneid
Authors: Kenaan Vered Lev
Published: February 2025

The chapter focuses on Shlomo Dykman (b. Warsaw 1917–d. Jerusalem 1965) an influential and prolific Hebrew translator of Greek and Latin poetry. The chapter presents Dykman’s formative education in Warsaw until 1939 at the Tarbut Hebrew Gymnasium, the Institute of Jewish Studies, and Warsaw University. It considers Dykman’s vocation as a multilingual translator from Yiddish to Hebrew, from Hebrew to Polish, and from Greek and Latin to Hebrew. Dykman’s Hebrew translation of Virgil’s Aeneid is inseparable from his experience as a Jewish refugee fleeing Nazi-occupied Poland to Russia, and as a prisoner of the Vorkuta Gulag labour camp. The chapter examines the unique characteristics of Dykman’s translation of the Aeneid together with other Hebrew translations preceding Dykman’s translation. In using Holocaust imagery, Dykman not only Judaized the Trojan survivors but also united Roman and Zionist ideologies.
Ay de mi Alhama
Authors: Armstrong Richard H
Published: February 2025

This chapter follows a recursive chronology that contrasts two very different twentieth-century Jewish trajectories: the assimilated, Ashkenazi experience of the Freud family, and the Sephardic experience of the Jews of Thessaloniki, particularly Moshe Ha-Elion (1925–2022), a contemporary of Freud’s grandchildren. At the heart of this chapter is Freud’s ‘A Disturbance of Memory on the Acropolis’ of 1936 where Freud quotes from ‘Ay de mi Alhama’, the lament for the fall of Alhama. The Sephardic connection to Spain through the Ladino language keeps such romances alive in Jewish tradition. The chapter presents Moshe Ha-Elion, a Holocaust survivor, who was born in Salonica and immigrated to Palestine in 1946. Ha-Elion wrote poetry in Ladino to commemorate the Shoah, and in his final years, translated the entire Iliad and Odyssey into Ladino. The chapter connects Alhama, Granada, ancient Troy, Jewish Salonica/Thessaloniki, and Freud’s Vienna, all great cities whose populations suffered genocidal terror at the hands of their conquerors.
Translation in Exile
Authors: Kenaan Vered Lev , Nubani Ahlam
Published: February 2025

This chapter deals with the significance of Virgil’s Aeneid for Palestinian historical memory. This Arabic prose translation of Virgil’s Aeneid, by the Palestinian Maḥmūd ʿAli al-Ghūl (1923–83), is extremely important for uncovering a relationship between Roman and Palestinian memorialization of their painful past and offers access to a yet untold history of the reception of classical studies in Palestine before 1948. The chapter discusses the importance of the Arab College in Jerusalem for the transmission of classical learning among Palestinians. Maḥmūd ʿAli al-Ghūl was born in Silwan village near Jerusalem and received a classical education both at the Arab College in Jerusalem and at King Fuad I University in Cairo, Egypt. He composed his translation of the Aeneid from 1942 to 1951, yet the work was published only posthumously in 2015. He worked on his Arabic translation while wandering as a refugee from one academic position to another.
A structural mean modelling Mendelian randomization approach to investigate the lifecourse effect of adiposity: applied and methodological considerations
Authors: Power Grace M , Palmer Tom , Warrington Nicole , Heron Jon , Richardson Tom G , Didelez Vanessa , Tilling Kate , Smith George Davey , Sanderson Eleanor
Published: February 2025

Mendelian randomization (MR) is a technique that uses genetic variation to address causal questions about how modifiable exposures influence health. For some time-varying phenotypes, genetic effects may have differential importance at different periods in the lifecourse. MR studies often employ conventional instrumental variable (IV) methods designed to estimate lifelong effects. Recently, several extensions of MR have been proposed to investigate time-varying effects, including structural mean models (SMMs). SMMs exploit IVs through g-estimation and circumvent some of the parametric assumptions of other MR methods.

We apply g-estimation of SMMs to MR to estimate the period effects of adiposity measured at two life stages, childhood and adulthood, on cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes (T2D) and breast cancer. We found persistent period effects of higher adulthood adiposity on increased risk of CVD and T2D. Higher childhood adiposity had a protective period effect on breast cancer. We compare this method to an inverse variance weighted multivariable MR approach, a technique also using multiple IVs to assess time-varying effects but relying on a different set of assumptions. We highlight the strengths and limitations of each approach and conclude by emphasising the importance of underlying methodological assumptions in the application of MR to lifecourse research.
Determining the threshold time in restricted mean survival time analysis for two group comparisons with applications in clinical and epidemiology studies
Authors: Han Gang , Schell Michael J , Smith Matthew Lee , Hopkins Laura , Liu Yushi , Carroll Raymond J , Ory Marcia G
Published: February 2025

The restricted mean survival time analysis has been used extensively in clinical research involving time-to-event endpoints. The threshold time up to which the restricted mean survival is calculated has a critical impact on the analysis results. However, identifying an optimal threshold time for treatment comparison, which corresponds to the greatest restricted mean lifetime difference between groups, remains unclear in practice and no analytical method has been developed on this topic. We present a novel method for determining the threshold time in the restricted mean survival time analysis to compare two groups. Simulation studies indicate that this method leads to high statistical power and controlled type I error rate compared with existing methods. The proposed method is illustrated in two applications: 1) a clinical oncology study for non-small-cell lung cancer treatments comparison given a programmed death-ligand 1 biomarker measurement, and 2) a gerontology study of instrumental activities for care recipients with dementia.
Political participation on social media: conceptual and empirical state of the art and research agenda
Authors: Waeterloos Cato
Published: February 2025

Over the past decades, political participation in an online context has gained substantive attention. However, it is only recently that conceptual advancements have been made concerning the specific expressive and mobilizing practices that occur on social media. This article argues on the importance and implications of recognizing political participation on social media as a conceptually distinct mode of political participation, shaped by unique affordances that highlight its networked and political character. Specifically, the article provides a conceptual and normative state of the art regarding online and social media political participation. By discussing the empirical implications of prominent theoretical assumptions in the field, three key research gaps are identified and I propose a research agenda for the field of political communication.