bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulation Analysis of Eddy Current Testing Parameters for Surface and Subsurface Defect Detection of Aviation Aluminum Alloy Plate
Authors: Deng Weiquan , Bao Jun , Luo Siqi , Xiong Xin
Published: March 2022

In the process of eddy current testing (ECT) of surface and subsurface defects of aviation aluminum alloy plates, the setting of parameters is important to the test results. Inappropriate test parameters can cause false detection or even missed detection of defects. To address this problem, the effects of probe type, coil size, and excitation frequency on the accurate identification and quantitative evaluation of surface and subsurface defect detection were studied and analyzed in this study to determine the best testing parameters. The experimental results show that the absolute probe with an outer radius of 3.3 mm has better detection performance for aviation aluminum alloy plate defects. There are different optimal excitation frequency ranges for the surface and subsurface defects. An excitation frequency of 80 kHz to 90 kHz can be used for the detection of unknown defects.
Recognition Method of Matching Error between Dance Action and Music Beat Based on Data Mining
Authors: Zhu Ying
Published: March 2022

Aiming at the problems of low error recognition accuracy and low correlation of data matching in the existing dance action and music beat matching error recognition methods, a dance action and music beat matching error recognition method based on data mining is designed. The quaternion array is used to represent the joint coordinate points of the dance movement, and the coordinates are rotated to obtain the curve change of the dance movement. The dance movement characteristics are regarded as a set of positive and negative sample data, the initial weights of different sample data are calculated, the absolute value is processed for the music beat signal, the interference factors are filtered with the help of Gauss filter, and according to the rhythm law of the music beat signal, the characteristics of music beat signal are extracted and the feature extraction of dance action matching is completed with music beat. The corresponding relationship between dance action and music beat is regarded as the corresponding model, the pairwise occurrence probability between music beat and action is determined, the matching model between dance action and music beat is discretized, and the peak point of correlation data is introduced to complete the matching between dance action and music beat. The features of matching data are extracted and segmented by short-time Fourier transform, the segmented matching data is transformed into matching data, the matching error identification model is established with the help of support vector mechanism, and the constraint conditions of error detection are set to complete the matching error identification. The experimental results show that the proposed method has high recognition accuracy and high data matching correlation.
e-Curriculum as Perceived by Teachers: Jordan as an Example
Authors: Al Shdaifat Samar , Alazemi Asmaa F. , Al-Jamal Dina A. H. , Zafarani Pardis
Published: March 2022

Information technology affects all sectors; its impact on education is inevitable. It was capitalized by the COVID-19 pandemic. An evaluation of instructional materials accessed by students is an urge. As such, this study evaluated the appropriateness of the English e-curriculum from the perspective of the teachers. The study population consisted of all the teachers who teach the English language in Jordan. The sample consisted of 500 teachers who responded. An online questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale was prepared, ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree), including 65 items; reliability and validity were proved. The results revealed that all dimensions were in the medium degree. In the first rank came “Electronic Assessment,” which reflected medium perception. In the second rank came the field of “Content.” “The Use of Technological Teaching Aids” field came in the penultimate rank. The total evaluation of the six domains was medium. The results indicated that teachers are almost satisfied with the e-curriculum. The field of “Objectives” came at the last rank. This showed that teachers’ evaluation of objectives got a low degree of evaluation. Most of the items within this domain got a low degree of evaluation. It was recommended to focus more on achieving concord between the tools, strategies, and learning objectives and amending the English e-curriculum by increasing strengths, avoiding lapses, and adding more tasks that meet students’ levels to achieve differentiated instruction. Providing teachers with updated technological tools can help them achieve more interaction among students, including teacher’s guide books.
Intrusion Detection System on IoT with 5G Network Using Deep Learning
Authors: Yadav Neha , Pande Sagar , Khamparia Aditya , Gupta Deepak
Published: March 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) cyberattacks of fully integrated servers, applications, and communications networks are increasing at exponential speed. As problems caused by the Internet of Things network remain undetected for longer periods, the efficiency of sensitive devices harms end users, increases cyber threats and identity misuses, increases costs, and affects revenue. For productive safety and security, Internet of Things interface assaults must be observed nearly in real time. In this paper, a smart intrusion detection system suited to detect Internet of Things-based attacks is implemented. In particular, to detect malicious Internet of Things network traffic, a deep learning algorithm has been used. The identity solution ensures the security of operation and supports the Internet of Things connectivity protocols to interoperate. An intrusion detection system (IDS) is one of the popular types of network security technology that is used to secure the network. According to our experimental results, the proposed architecture for intrusion detection will easily recognize real global intruders. The use of a neural network to detect attacks works exceptionally well. In addition, there is an increasing focus on providing user-centric cybersecurity solutions, which necessitate the collection, processing, and analysis of massive amounts of data traffic and network connections in 5G networks. After testing, the autoencoder model, which effectively reduces detection time as well as effectively improves detection precision, has outperformed. Using the proposed technique, 99.76% of accuracy was achieved.
Improved YOLOX Fire Scenario Detection Method
Authors: Zhang Jianfei , Ke Sai
Published: March 2022

Considering the problems of existing target detection model difficulty for use in complicated fire scenarios and few detection targets, an improved YOLOX fire scenario detection model was introduced, to realize multitarget detection of flame, smoke, and persons: firstly, a light attention module, for improving the overall detection performance of the model; secondly, the channel shuffle technique was employed, for increasing the communication ability between channels; and finally, the backbone channel was replaced with a light transformer module, for enhancing the capture ability of the backbone channel for global information. As shown in the experiment with self-developed fire dataset, mAP of T-YOLOX increased by 2.24% as compared with the benchmark model (YOLOX), and the detection accuracy was significantly improved as compared with that of CenterNet and YOLOv3, showing the effectiveness and advantages of the algorithm.
Vision Navigator: A Smart and Intelligent Obstacle Recognition Model for Visually Impaired Users
Authors: Suman Shubham , Mishra Sushruta , Sahoo Kshira Sagar , Nayyar Anand
Published: March 2022

Vision impairment is a major challenge faced by humanity on a large scale throughout the world. Affected people find independently navigating and detecting obstacles extremely tedious. Thus, a potential solution for accurately detecting obstacles requires an integrated deployment of the Internet of Things and predictive analytics. This research introduces “Vision Navigator,” a novel framework for assisting visually impaired users in obstacle analysis and tracking so that they can move independently. An intelligent stick named “Smart-fold Cane” and sensor-equipped shoes called “Smart-alert Walker” are the main constituents of our proposed model. For object detection and classification, the stick uses a single-shot detection (SSD) mechanism, which is followed by frame generation using the recurrent neural network (RNN) model. Smart-alert Walker is a lightweight shoe that acts as an emergency unit that notifies the user regarding the presence of any obstacle within a short distance range. This intelligent obstacle detection model using the SSD-RNN approach was deployed in real time and its performance was validated in indoor and outdoor environments. The SSD-RNN model computed an optimum accuracy of 95.06% and 87.68% indoors and outdoors, respectively. The model was also evaluated in the context of users’ distance from obstacles. The proposed SSD-RNN model had an accuracy rate of 96.4% and 86.8% for close and distant obstacles, respectively, outperforming other models. Execution time for the SSD-RNN model was 4.82 s with the highest mean accuracy rate of 95.54% considering all common obstacles.
Temozolomide and Radiotherapy versus Radiotherapy Alone in Patients with Glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype: Post Hoc Analysis of the EORTC Randomized Phase III CATNON Trial
Authors: Tesileanu C. Mircea S. , Sanson Marc , Wick Wolfgang , Brandes Alba A. , Clement Paul M. , Erridge Sara C. , Vogelbaum Michael A. , Nowak Anna K. , Baurain Jean-Francois , Mason Warren P. , Wheeler Helen , Chinot Olivier L. , Gill Sanjeev , Griffin Matthew , Rogers Leland , Taal Walter , Rudà Roberta , Weller Michael , McBain Catherine , van Linde Myra E. , Aldape Kenneth , Jenkins Robert B. , Kros Johan M. , Wesseling Pieter , von Deimling Andreas , Hoogstrate Youri , de Heer Iris , Atmodimedjo Peggy N. , Dubbink Hendrikus J. , Brouwer Rutger W.W. , van IJcken Wilfred F.J. , Cheung Kin Jip , Golfinopoulos Vassilis , Baumert Brigitta G. , Gorlia Thierry , French Pim J. , van den Bent Martin J.
Published: March 2022

Purpose:

In a post hoc analysis of the CATNON trial (NCT00626990), we explored whether adding temozolomide to radiotherapy improves outcome in patients with IDH1/2 wildtype (wt) anaplastic astrocytomas with molecular features of glioblastoma [redesignated as glioblastoma, isocitrate dehydrogenase–wildtype (IDH-wt) in the 2021 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of central nervous system tumors].

Patients and Methods:

From the randomized phase III CATNON study examining the addition of adjuvant and concurrent temozolomide to radiotherapy in anaplastic astrocytomas, we selected a subgroup of IDH1/2wt and H3F3Awt tumors with presence of TERT promoter mutations and/or EGFR amplifications and/or combined gain of chromosome 7 and loss of chromosome 10. Molecular abnormalities including MGMT promoter methylation status were determined by next-generation sequencing, DNA methylation profiling, and SNaPshot analysis.

Results:

Of the 751 patients entered in the CATNON study, 670 had fully molecularly characterized tumors. A total of 159 of these tumors met the WHO 2021 molecular criteria for glioblastoma, IDH-wt. Of these patients, 47 received radiotherapy only and 112 received a combination of radiotherapy and temozolomide. There was no added effect of temozolomide on either overall survival [HR, 1.19; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.82–1.71] or progression-free survival (HR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.61–1.24). MGMT promoter methylation was prognostic for overall survival, but was not predictive for outcome to temozolomide treatment either with respect to overall survival or progression-free survival.

Conclusions:

In this cohort of patients with glioblastoma, IDH-wt temozolomide treatment did not add benefit beyond that observed from radiotherapy, regardless of MGMT promoter status. These findings require a new well-powered prospective clinical study to explore the efficacy of temozolomide treatment in this patient population.
Unlocking the Mysteries of Lobular Breast Cancer Biology Needs the Right Combination of Preclinical Models
Authors: Bahnassy Shaymaa , Sikora Matthew J. , Riggins Rebecca B.
Published: March 2022

Preclinical model systems are essential research tools that help us understand the biology of invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast (ILC). The number of well-established ILC models is increasing but remain limited. Lower incidence of ILC, underrepresentation of patients with ILC in clinical trials, and intrinsic ILC tumor characteristics all contribute to this challenge. Hence, there is significant need to continually develop better model systems to recapitulate the essential characteristics of ILC biology, genetics, and histology, and empower preclinical therapeutic studies to be translated back into the clinic. In this Perspective, we highlight recent advances in in vivo experimental models, which recapitulate key features of ILC biology and disease progression and potentially reshape the future of ILC translational research. We assert that all existing in vitro and in vivo ILC preclinical models have their strengths and weaknesses, and that it is necessary to bridge key deficiencies in each model context as we move forward with ILC research. Thus, unlocking the mysteries of ILC will be best achieved by choosing the right combination of preclinical model systems.
Study on the Interaction between Deuterium Clopidogrel and Omeprazole
Authors: Xu Zhiping , Chen Liang , Liu Yingze , Chen Chen , Sun Yantong , Miao Yujia , Wu Tianlong , Niu Jinjin , Wei Jiaxin , Cao Xia
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin in combination with a P2Y12 receptor antagonist is a cornerstone for treating patients with acute coronary syndrome and in percutaneous coronary intervention. However, as this combination of antiplatelet therapy increases the risk of bleeding, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are currently recommended to prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. The cytochrome P450 (CYP450) isoenzyme system metabolizes both clopidogrel (CLP) and PPIs. Unfortunately, omeprazole (OM) reduce the antiplatelet activity of CLP and increases the probability of recurrence of cardiovascular events by competitively inhibiting the CYP450 isoenzyme CYP2C19. Methods: To address these abovementioned problems, we designed and synthesized deuterium CLP (D-CL) using selective deuterium technology. Our previous research results showed that D-CL had better pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties. Thus, the HPLC-MS/MS method, cocktail method, Born method, electro-stimulated thrombus generation, and thrombus elastography were used to detect the production of thiol active metabolites (AM), CYP450 enzyme activities, platelet aggregation, time and length of thrombus formation, and the maximum clot strength after combination therapy. We investigated the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics properties of D-CL combined with OM. Results: As compared to CLP, D-CL was less affected when combined with OM, which was reflected in lower inhibitory effects of CYP450 enzyme activities, a greater area under the curve of AM, and better antiplatelet and antithrombotic effects. Conclusion: D-CL may reduce drug-drug interactions and address the clinical disadvantages of CLP.
Potential for CCR9+ IL-17+ Regulatory T Cell as a Predictor of Early Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Authors: Li Fei , Hao Hu , Gao Xiaoyan , Cai Yao , Zhou Jialiang , Wang Desheng , Xiao Xin , Li Sitao , Ma Fei
Published: March 2022

Background: Circulating CCR9+ IL-17+ regulatory T (Treg) cells and intestinal barrier biomarkers, such as trefoil factor 3 (TFF3), intestinal-fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP), and Zonulin, are associated with gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases. So far, it is still difficult for clinicians to predict early necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC). Study Design: This study included 13 patients with stage I NEC-like presentation (early NEC), 24 patients with one stage of II or III NEC (confirmed NEC), and 80 non-NEC and nonsepsis preterm infants (control group). Another 16 patients experienced at least two stages. We used flow cytometry to measure the frequency of CCR9+ IL-17+ Treg cells and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure TFF3, I-FABP, and Zonulin levels in the peripheral blood. Results: The demographic and clinical characteristics of patients were comparable. Compared with controls, CCR9+ IL-17+ Treg cells were markedly increased in early NEC and slightly increased in confirmed NEC; in contrast, plasma TFF3, I-FABP, and Zonulin concentrations were notably elevated in confirmed NEC and slightly elevated or not elevated in early NEC. Moreover, for patients who experienced at least two stages, dynamic monitoring of the above indicators also verified this. Conclusions: This study suggested that an elevated frequency of circulating CCR9+ IL-17+ Treg cells could be a predictor of intestinal inflammation in patients with early NEC.
At the Core of Depression: A Diagnostic Interview of the Core Features of Depression
Authors: Bukh Jens Drachmann , Fabrazzo Michele , Christensen Ellen Margrethe , Mikkelsen Rie Lambæk , Larsen Jens Knud , Hageman Ida , Bendsen Birgitte Bjerg , Bolwig Tom , Vinberg Maj , Bech Per , Dam Ole Henrik , Maj Mario , Kessing Lars Vedel
Published: March 2022

Introduction: Valid and reliable methods for diagnosing depression are essential. The present study aimed to test the performance of a new diagnostic interview for depression focusing on the core symptoms of depression. Method: We developed a diagnostic interview for depression: the CORE Diagnostic Interview, CORE-DI, which assesses each of the core features of depression on the four dimensions: quality, reactivity, globality, and fluctuations over time. The diagnostic performance of this interview was tested in a clinical study including 83 individuals presenting with various depressive symptoms, who were interviewed independently (1) by means of the CORE-DI and the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.), and (2) by highly skilled specialists in depression representing gold standard diagnoses. Results: We compared the outcome of the CORE-DI, the M.I.N.I., and the diagnosis made by clinicians, respectively, versus the gold standard diagnosis, using diagnostic efficiency statistics. The CORE-DI diagnosed depression with a high specificity (0.91, 95% CI: 0.85–0.97, for International Classification of Diseases [ICD]-10 criteria and 0.88, 95% CI: 0.81–0.95, for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders [DSM-5] criteria) compared to both M.I.N.I (specificity 0.44, 95% CI: 0.33–0.55) and clinical diagnoses (specificity 0.76, 95% CI: 0.67–0.85). The sensitivity of the CORE-DI was 0.61 (95% CI: 0.55–0.72) for ICD-10 criteria and 0.67 (95% CI: 0.57–0.77) for DSM-5 criteria. Discussion/Conclusion: The CORE-DI increased the specificity of the depression diagnosis substantially compared to clinical diagnoses and the diagnoses obtained by M.I.N.I. The results point to the usefulness of an elaborated and systematic assessment of the core symptoms in the examination of patients with depressive symptoms and thereby indicate a way for further development of specific diagnostic tools for depression in both clinical and research settings. However, it should be noted that the sensitivity of the CORE-DI was modest, and the psychometric properties of the CORE-DI might be different in other settings with higher or lower prevalence or severity of depressive symptoms.
Towards more accurate iris recognition system by using hybrid approach for feature extraction along with classifier
Authors: Ullah Arif , Salam Abdu , El Raoui Hanane , Sebai Dorsaf , Rafie Mahnaz
Published: March 2022

Iris recognition become one of the most accurate and reliable steadfast human biometric recognition system of the decad. This paper presents an accurate framework for iris recognition system using hybrid algorithm in preprocess and feature extraction section. The proposed model for iris recognition with significant feature extraction was divided into three main levels. First level is having pre-processing steps which are necessary for the desired tasks. Our model deploys on three types of datasets such as UBIRIS, CASIA, and MMU and gets optimal results for performing activity. At last, perform matching process with decision based classifier for iris recognition with acceptance or rejection rates. Experimental based results provide for analysis according to the false receipt rate and false refusal amount. In the third level, the error rate will be checked along with some statistical measures for final optimal results. Constructed on the outcome the planned method provided the most efficient effect as compared to the rest of the approach.
Circadian activity patterns and temporal overlap among cracids (Aves: Cracidae) within a vegetation mosaic in the Pantanal of Rio Negro, Brazil
Authors: Santos Mauro Celso Rodrigues dos , Silveira Leandro , Jácomo Anah Tereza de Almeida , Alves Giselle Bastos , Ubaid Flávio Kulaif
Published: March 2022

Vertebrates, overall, present a daily activity pattern when managing their needs, such as foraging, resting or searching for sexual partners. Most of the available information regarding the circadian rhythm in birds comes from controlled laboratory conditions, and little is known about these patterns in the wild. In this study we used camera traps to describe the daily activity patterns of three cracid species in the Pantanal of Rio Negro, Brazil. We had a sampling effort of 9,617 camera trap-days along 231 days (5,544 hours) from September 2013 to May 2014. This resulted in 4,833 independent records of cracids from a total of 7,713 individuals. Crax fasciolata was the species with the most records (nrec = 3,792) and individuals (nind = 5,781), followed by Ortalis canicollis (nrec = 934; nind = 1,758) and Aburria grayi (nrec = 107; nind = 174). None of the species was uniformly distributed throughout the day, thus evidencing a periodization of their activities. The mean vectors of the activity patterns of C. fasciolata, O. canicollis and A. grayi were, respectively, mμ = 10:36 ± 04:26 (SD), mμ = 11:42 ± 03:57 and mμ = 11:44 ± 03:47. We observed a temporal overlap between A. grayi and O. canicollis, whereas C. fasciolata significantly differed from them. Because of their large home ranges, cracids are important indicators of environmental quality, and, as frugivores, they play key roles in the ecological dynamics of forests. In this sense, and given that cracids are notably more susceptible to extinction, the knowledge on their circadian activity patterns may be useful when establishing effective management and conservation strategies.
Checklist of the dipterofauna (Insecta) from Roraima, Brazil, with special reference to the Brazilian Ecological Station of Maracá
Authors: Riccardi Paula Raile , Fachin Diego Aguilar , Ale-Rocha Rosaly , Amaral Edna Maria , Amorim Dalton de Souza , Gil-Azevedo Leonardo Henrique , Capellari Renato Soares , Carmo Daniel Dias Dornelas do , Carvalho Claudio José Barros de , Ferro Gustavo Borges , Flores Heloísa Fernandes , Gomes Lucas Roberto Pereira , Gottschalk Marco Silva , Lamas Carlos José Einicker , Lampert Silvana , Marinho Marco Antonio Tonus , Marques Dayse Willkenia Almeida , Mello Ramon Luciano , Mello-Patiu Cátia Antunes de , Menezes Marco Antônio , Morales Mírian Nunes , Oliveira Sarah Siqueira de , Pereira Thalles Platiny Lavinscky , Pereira-Colavite Alessandre , Pirani Gabriela , Rafael José Albertino , Santos Josenilson Rodrigues dos , Savaris Marcoandre , Schelesky-Prado Daniel de Castro , Silva Vera Cristina , Sousa Viviane Rodrigues de , Urso-Guimarães Maria Virginia , Vargas Laura Viana , Yamaguchi Carolina , Falaschi Rafaela Lopes
Published: March 2022

Roraima is a Brazilian state located in the northern portion of the Amazon basin, with few studies regarding its biodiversity. The Ecological Station of Maracá (Brazil, state of Roraima) harbors the third largest Brazilian pluvial island and is composed of a transitional landscape of savanna and Amazon rainforest components. Despite its ecological importance and strategic localization, few studies covered the dipterofauna of this locality. An updated checklist addressing 41 families of true flies (Diptera) occurring in Roraima is presented based on the literature and the specimens collected during a field expedition that occurred in 2015. This checklist brings several improvements such as new records of 165 taxa to the state of Roraima, 29 taxa to Brazil, and 259 morphotypes, mostly likely representing undescribed species.
Life-History traits of Hollandichthys multifasciatus (Eigenmann & Norris, 1900) (Characiformes: Characidae) in coastal Atlantic Forest blackwater streams from Southeastern Brazil
Authors: Cardoso Vinicius de Carvalho , Esteves Katharina Eichbaum
Published: March 2022

Ecological and life history traits have been used to understand the basic ecology of fishes. This study aimed to examine the existence of plasticity in life history traits of populations of Hollandichthys multifasciatus in ten blackwater streams. This is an inseminating Characidae, endemic to the Atlantic coastal drainages of Brazil. Different aspects of the life-history of the species, such as mean length, sex ratio, absolute and relative fecundity, gonadosomatic index, condition factor, length-weight relationship and the growth parameter (b) of 185 specimens were studied during the period of low precipitation (June-September). Fish samples were obtained along a 100 m stretch of each stream, and some habitat variables recorded. ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests indicated a similarity in most of the analyzed traits, with exception of the mean length of immatures, Gonadosomatic Index of mature males and condition factor of immatures and mature adults. Also, slope tests of the length-weight relationship were significantly different for immatures. The observed differences were attributed to heterogeneity in food availability and/or other site-specific factors, which may influence growth and/or breeding aspects among the studied localities. The approach used herein may improve understanding of trait plasticity under natural conditions, helping to understand fish-community responses to anthropogenic changes.
Poesía comprometida y palabra-acción en los sesenta: las poéticas cruzadas de Thiago de Mello y Violeta Parra
Authors: Miranda Paula
Published: March 2022

Se analizan las breves, pero significativas relaciones biográficas, contextuales y artísticas que establecieron Violeta Parra (1917-1967) y Thiago de Mello (1926-2022), además de las múltiples redes que compartieron a partir de 1961, cuando el poeta es agregado cultural de la Embajada de Brasil en Chile. Especial atención se pone en las dos creaciones dedicadas por Violeta al poeta amazonense: la arpillera “Thiago de Mello” (1961) y la canción “Siqueiro prisionero” (1965); y en el apoyo cultural que recibió Violeta de Thiago. Se comparan, además, poética y temáticamente, algunos poemas de Thiago de Mello (Os Estatutos do Homem (1964), A Canção do Amor Armado (1966) y Poesia comprometida com a minha e a tua vida (1975)) con algunas canciones de Violeta Parra (Canciones reencontradas en París (1963) y Las últimas composiciones (1966)); con especial atención en cuatro ámbitos: el compromiso social de la poesía, la palabra acción del canto, cierto revisionismo de las utopías socialistas y la ecopoética.
La diferencia de Antonio Candido
Authors: Rojo Grinor
Published: March 2022

El pensamiento de Antonio Candido está permeado por una totalidad heterogénea, en la que se construye una historia de los empeños de una literatura periférica por llegar a constituir un sistema y una tradición. Esta literatura está definida en identidad, pero también en diferencia, dentro de los archivos de la “civilización”. La historia de la literatura brasileña se erige desde las tradiciones centrales y occidentales y las domésticas. Además de señalar su aspecto humanista moderno a partir de esos conceptos, se releva el americanismo (o el brasileñismo) mesticista de Antonio Candido, creencia compartida por la gran mayoría de los intelectuales latinoamericanos del siglo XX. Lo apoya su inspiración hegeliana y marxista que reitera tanto la transitoriedad de la coherencia de una unidad, creando “un equilibrio inestable” de ese sistema epistemológico, como la disrupción e inconformismo que lo movilizan y la desconfianza en la doxa naturalizadora de cualquier clase que sea.
O jogo lúcido do poema: o princípio racional da poesia de Orides Fontela
Authors: Enabe Cláudia Ayumi
Published: March 2022

Este artigo investiga o sentido de uma “poética lúcida” na obra da escritora Orides Fontela (1940-1998), demonstrando que a presença da filosofia está associada a um processo de criação discursiva que imita o pensamento filosófico, mas se diferencia dele ao submeter o léxico aos princípios sintáxicos, não à “verdade de origem” necessária para a fabricação de conceitos, objeto primordial da filosofia. Para a poesia oridiana, a capacidade reflexiva do poema, a lucidez, está intimamente vinculada a sua criatividade, ao seu caráter lúdico, união que permite o despontar de uma polissemia em oposição à univocidade conceitual. Nesta obra, a criação associa-se a um processo de resistência à dureza do real ao negar os lugares comuns e a racionalidade voltada para fins.
Oribici
Authors: Silva Higor Lima da
Published: March 2022

Trata-se de um poema que interpela uma história de amor da etnia tupi-guarani, pela qual existe sendo conhecida como: "A lenda do Uirapuru."
A Manaus poética de Luiz Bacellar, Astrid Cabral e Aldísio Filgueiras: leituras críticas
Authors: Souza Fabrício Magalhães de
Published: March 2022

Este artigo parte da hipótese de que a representação lírica da cidade de Manaus aparece primeira vez nas obras de Luiz Bacellar (Frauta de barro), Astrid Cabral (Visgo da terra) e Aldísio Figueiras (Malária & outras canções malignas). Para isso, foram selecionadas as dissertações de críticos literários que atuam em universidades locais e que fazem a leitura crítico-teórica de como esses poetas criaram a Manaus que aparece nos respectivos livros, selecionando recortes de poemas para ilustrar suas análises, quais sejam: Tradição e memória: a poesia de Luiz Bacellar em três movimentos (1997), de Gabriel Albuquerque; Manaus de águas passadas: a reconstrução poética de Manaus em Visgo de terra, de Astrid Cabral (2001), de Antônio Carlos Guedelha; e A cidade que existe em nós: a marca do urbano na poesia de Aldísio Filgueiras (2002), de Allison Leão. O objetivo desse itinerário é entender como as obras iniciais, quer na poesia, quer na crítica acadêmica universitária, lidam com a representação da cidade, no contexto amazônico, em diálogo com perspectivas socio-históricas e geográficas. Lida-se, assim, com uma segunda hipótese: como esses autores lidaram e superaram os discursos correntes sobre a representação da cidade?
Reducing Cardiovascular Risk in the Medicare Million Hearts Risk Reduction Model: Insights From the National Cardiovascular Data Registry PINNACLE Registry
Authors: Borden William B. , Wang Jingyan , Jones Philip , Tang Yuanyuan , Contreras Johanna , Daugherty Stacie L. , Desai Nihar R. , Virani Salim S. , Wasfy Jason H. , Maddox Thomas M.
Published: March 2022

Background:

The Million Hearts Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction Model provides financial incentives for practices to lower 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk for high-risk (ASCVD ≥30%) Medicare patients. To estimate average practice-level ASCVD risk reduction, we applied optimal trial outcomes to a real-world population with high ASCVD risk.

Methods:

This study uses observational registry data from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry Practice Innovation and Clinical Excellence Registry from January 2013 to June 2016. We modeled ASCVD risk reductions using historical clinical trial data (reducing cholesterol by 26.5%, reducing systolic blood pressure by 10.9%, reducing smoking rates by 21.8%) the average reduction in ASCVD risk associated with individual and combined risk factor modifications, and then percentage of practices achieving the various incentive thresholds for the Million Hearts Model.

Results:

The final study population included 135 166 patients, with 16 248 (12.0%) with 10-year ASCVD risk of ≥30%, but without existing ASCVD. The mean 10-year ASCVD risk was 41.9% (±1 SD of 11.6). Using risk factor reductions from clinical trials, lowering cholesterol, blood pressure, and smoking rates reduced 10-year ASCVD risk by 3.3% (±3.1), 6.3% (±1.1) and 0.5% (±1.3), respectively. Combining all 3 reductions resulted in a 9.7% (±3.6) reduction, with 67 (27.0%) of practices achieving a patient-level average 10-year ASCVD risk reduction of ≥10%, 181 (73.0%) achieving a 2 to 10% reduction, and no practice achieving <2% reduction.

Conclusions:

In cardiology practices, about 1 out of 8 patients have a 10-year ASCVD risk ≥30% and qualify as high risk in the Million Hearts Model. If practices target the three main modifiable risk factors and achieve reductions similar to clinical trial results, ASCVD risk could be substantially lowered and all practices could receive incentive payments. These findings support the potential benefit of the Million Hearts Model and provide guidance to participating practices.
Trends in Arterial Access Site Selection and Bleeding Outcomes Following Coronary Procedures, 2011–2018
Authors: Doll Jacob A. , Beaver Kristine , Naranjo Diana , Waldo Stephen W. , Maynard Charles , Helfrich Christian D. , Rao Sunil V.
Published: March 2022

Background:

Prior studies of radial access for cardiac catheterization have focused on early adopters of the technique, and some have described a risk/treatment paradox of low radial access use among high bleeding risk patients. This study aimed to determine (1) trends in radial access use over time, (2) if increasing use of radial access is driven by new invasive and interventional cardiologists (operators) or existing operators changing their practice, and (3) if increasing radial rates are associated with lower bleeding rates and elimination of the risk/treatment paradox.

Methods:

In this cross-sectional study using data from the Clinical Assessment, Reporting, and Tracking Program, we calculated radial access rates and risk-adjusted postprocedural bleeding rates of patients undergoing diagnostic angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) between 2011 and 2018 in Veterans Affairs hospitals. We used separate bleeding risk models for diagnostic angiography and PCI and assessed temporal trends with the Kendall Tau-b test.

Results:

Among 253 179 diagnostic angiograms and 93 614 PCIs, radial access rates increased over time for both diagnostic (17.5%–60.4%;
P
<0.01)) and PCI procedures (14.0%–51.8%;
P
<0.01). Existing operators and new operators increased their use at similar rates, but new operators entered practice with higher baseline rates. Nearly all operators used radial access at least once in 2018. Overall adjusted rates of bleeding declined, a trend that was significant for diagnostic angiography (2.4%–1.4%,
P
=0.02) but not PCI (3.4%–2.5%,
P
=0.20). Femoral access patients had a higher predicted risk for bleeding.

Conclusions:

A steady rise in radial access for diagnostic angiography and PCI was driven by increasing use among existing operators and high use by new operators. While this was associated with decreasing bleeding rates, a risk/treatment paradox for access site selection persists; patients at higher bleeding risk were still more likely to receive femoral access.
Emerging Viral Infections, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Disease in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Narrative Review
Authors: Yan Lily D. , Matuja Sarah S. , Pain Kevin J. , McNairy Margaret L. , Etyang Anthony O. , Peck Robert N.
Published: March 2022

Background:

Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) has the highest age-adjusted burden of hypertension and cardiovascular disease (CVD). SSA also experiences many viral infections due to unique environmental and societal factors. The purpose of this narrative review is to examine evidence around how hypertension, CVD, and emerging viral infections interact in SSA.

Methods:

In September 2021, we conducted a search in MEDLINE, Embase, and Scopus, limited to English language studies published since 1990, and found a total of 1169 articles. Forty-seven original studies were included, with 32 on COVID-19 and 15 on other emerging viruses.

Results:

Seven articles, including those with the largest sample size and most robust study design, found an association between preexisting hypertension or CVD and COVID-19 severity or death. Ten smaller studies found no association, and 17 did not calculate statistics to compare groups. Two studies assessed the impact of COVID-19 on incident CVD, with one finding an increase in stroke admissions. For other emerging viruses, 3 studies did not find an association between preexisting hypertension or CVD on West Nile and Lassa fever mortality. Twelve studies examined other emerging viral infections and incident CVD, with 4 finding no association and 8 not calculating statistics.

Conclusions:

Growing evidence from COVID-19 suggests viruses, hypertension, and CVD interact on multiple levels in SSA, but research gaps remain especially for other emerging viral infections. SSA can and must play a leading role in the study and control of emerging viral infections, with expansion of research and public health infrastructure to address these interactions.
Endovascular Thrombectomy for Pediatric Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Dicpinigaitis Alis J. , Gandhi Chirag D. , Pisapia Jared , Muh Carrie R. , Cooper Jared B. , Tobias Michael , Mohan Avinash , Nuoman Rolla , Overby Philip , Santarelli Justin , Hanft Simon , Bowers Christian , Yaghi Shadi , Mayer Stephan A. , Al-Mufti Fawaz
Published: March 2022

Background:

Evidence regarding the utilization and outcomes of endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) for pediatric ischemic stroke is limited, and justification for its use is largely based on extrapolation from clinical benefits observed in adults.

Methods:

Weighted discharge data from the National Inpatient Sample were queried to identify pediatric patients with ischemic stroke (<18 years old) during the period of 2010 to 2019. Complex samples statistical methods were used to characterize the profiles and clinical outcomes of EVT-treated patients. Propensity adjustment was performed to address confounding by indication for EVT based on disparities in baseline characteristics between EVT-treated patients and those medically managed.

Results:

Among 7365 pediatric patients with ischemic stroke identified, 190 (2.6%) were treated with EVT. Utilization significantly increased in the post-EVT clinical trial era (2016–2019; 1.7% versus 4.0%;
P
<0.001), while the use of decompressive hemicraniectomy decreased (2.8% versus 0.7%;
P
<0.001). On unadjusted analysis, 105 (55.3%) EVT-treated patients achieved favorable functional outcomes at discharge (home or to acute rehabilitation), while no periprocedural iatrogenic complications or instances of contrast-induced kidney injury were reported. Following propensity adjustment, EVT-treated patients demonstrated higher absolute but nonsignificant rates of favorable functional outcomes in comparison with medically managed patients (55.3% versus 52.8%;
P
=0.830; adjusted hazard ratio, 1.01 [95% CI, 0.51–2.03];
P
=0.972 for unfavorable outcome). Among patients with baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score >11 (75th percentile of scores in cohort), EVT-treated patients trended toward higher rates of favorable functional outcomes compared with those treated medically only (71.4% versus 55.6%;
P
=0.146). In a subcohort assessment of EVT-treated patients, those administered preceding thrombolytic therapy (n=79, 41.6%) trended toward higher rates of favorable functional outcomes (63.3% versus 49.5%;
P
=0.060).

Conclusions:

This cross-sectional evaluation of the clinical course and short-term outcomes of pediatric patients with ischemic stroke treated with EVT demonstrates that EVT is likely a safe modality which confers high rates of favorable functional outcomes.
Thinking with Jesuit Saints: The Canonization of Ignatius Loyola and Francis Xavier in Context
Authors: Ditchfield Simon
Published: March 2022

The significance of the two founder saints to the contribution made by Jesuit missionaries, many of whom became martyrs, to the making of Roman Catholicism as a world religion, was made explicit not at the canonization ceremony itself, nor in the celebratory processions made through the streets of Rome, but in events and decorations put up within spaces controlled by the Jesuits themselves at the Gesù, the Collegio Romano, and the novitiate of S. Andrea al Quirinale. This points to the wider phenomenon, pursued in complementary fashion in the six essays that follow: that how one “became” a saint and came to enjoy a cult (then as now) has more to do with particular, local appropriation and interpretation (including Rome itself) than with official papal, universal approbation.
The Small-Scale Instability of the Air–Water Interface Responsible for the Bag-Breakup Fragmentation
Authors: Troitskaya Yuliya , Kandaurov Alexander , Ermakova Olga , Kozlov Dmitry , Zotova Anna , Sergeev Daniil
Published: March 2022

The “bag breakup” fragmentation is the dominant mechanism for spume droplet production in high winds, which substantially affects the ocean–atmosphere exchange processes. The amount of droplets ejected from the surface, as well as their typical sizes, is prescribed by the surface wind velocity and fetch. The corresponding empirical correlations were obtained only for the limited parameters of the laboratory environment. The applicability range can be extended through the construction of a theoretical model that describes the initiation of the bag-breakup fragmentation, estimates the fragmenting liquid volume prescribing the droplet sizes, and determines the dependence on the wind parameters. This paper presents such a model. First, we conducted linear stability analysis of small-scale disturbances at the water surface under a high wind; this showed that the small-scale ripples (about 1 cm) propagating against the wind in the surface wind drift following the reference frame grew fast due to the Kelvin–Helmholtz instability, when the wind friction velocity
exceeded the threshold of about 1 m s−1. Given the weak dispersion, the nonlinear stage of evolution was addressed using the Riemann simple wave equation modified to describe the increasing disturbances. The analytical solution for the equation suggested the scaling of the volume of liquid undergoing the bag-breakup fragmentation and its dependence on
in agreement with the laboratory data. Using the scaling, we calculated the statistics of the bag-breakup fragmentation based on the lognormal size distribution of the fragmenting objects.

Significance Statement

The “bag breakup” fragmentation is the dominant mechanism for generating spray in hurricane winds. The parameters of spray droplets substantially affect the exchange processes between the ocean and the atmosphere and, thereby, the development of sea storms. The rapid process of spray generation can only be studied in laboratory environments using sophisticated experimental techniques. To apply the laboratory data to field conditions, we need a theoretical model that describes the threshold for fragmentation initiation, the fragmenting liquid volume, which scales the size and number of spray droplets, their dependence on wind parameters, etc. In the present work, we suggest a simple analytical model of the bag-breakup initiation, verify it in the laboratory experiment, and suggest the statistical description of the fragmentation events.
Trauma-Related Distress During the COVID-19 Pandemic In 59 Countries
Authors: Ertl Melissa M. , Trapp Stephen K. , Alzueta Elisabet , Baker Fiona C. , Perrin Paul B. , Caffarra Sendy , Yüksel Dilara , Ramos-Usuga Daniela , Arango-Lasprilla Juan Carlos
Published: March 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has upended life like few other events in modern history, with differential impacts on varying population groups. This study examined trauma-related distress among 6,882 adults ages 18 to 94 years old in 59 countries during April to May 2020. More than two-thirds of participants reported clinically significant trauma-related distress. Increased distress was associated with unemployment; identifying as transgender, nonbinary, or a cisgender woman; being from a higher income country; current symptoms and positive diagnosis of COVID-19; death of a loved one; restrictive government-imposed isolation; financial difficulties; and food insecurity. Other factors associated with distress included working with potentially infected individuals, care needs at home, a difficult transition to working from home, conflict in the home, separation from loved ones, and event restrictions. Latin American and Caribbean participants reported more trauma-related distress than participants from Europe and Central Asia. Findings inform treatment efforts and highlight the need to address trauma-related distress to avoid long-term mental health consequences.
Thinking outside Pandora’s box: Revealing differential effects of coping with physical and psychological menopause symptoms at work
Authors: Steffan Belinda , Potočnik Kristina
Published: March 2022

Menopause is one of the most distinctive and individualised aspects of health-related gendered ageing at work, which is important as more women than ever before are working through their entire menopause cycle. We turn to the life-span development model of Selection, Optimisation and Compensation (SOC), which has great potential to provide a more nuanced review of adaptive behavioural strategies for potential work-related resource loss owing to menopause. In this article, we provide evidence from two studies: study 1 was an inductive analysis of 21 interviews; study 2 tested a number of hypotheses emergent from study 1 on two survey samples ( N = 381). We found that women with severe menopause symptoms were adversely affected at work; however, the use of SOC alongside supervisory and female peer support, ameliorated the negative impact of physical menopause symptoms on work performance. We also identified that SOC use was actually detrimental to work performance when used to manage psychological menopause symptoms. Our findings advance the understanding of gendered ageing at work, specifically managing menopause at work, through the lens of SOC theory. We show how engaging in agentic adaptive behaviours can be both beneficial and detrimental for differentially managing physical and psychological menopause symptoms at work.
Enhancing environmental wellbeing: What social workers can learn from hybrid business activities
Authors: Ramsay Sylvia , Boddy Jennifer , McAuliffe Donna , Greenslade Leia
Published: March 2022

This article describes activities and strategies hybrid businesses use to enhance environmental wellbeing, including a mix of modelling, education, stewardship, collaboration and nature connection. It is based on a multi-case study focusing on three hybrid businesses. Observation indicated there were benefits for both the natural environment and to people involved with the organisations, suggesting caring for the environment and for people can occur concurrently. Activities described could be adopted by social workers interested in increasing environmental wellbeing and justice, including a focus on the environment in social work and promoting the implementation of an alternative social-economic world system.