bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hubungan Status Lingkar Lengan Atas Ibu Hamil dengan Antropometri Bayi Baru Lahir di Sumatera Barat, Indonesia
Authors: Mulyono Andriani , Aji Arif Sabta , Irwanti Winda , Afifah Effatul , Lipoeto Nur Indrawaty
Published: February 2025

Latar Belakang: Lingkar Lengan Atas (LILA) selama kehamilan digunakan untuk mendeteksi Kurang Energi Kronis (KEK). Ibu hamil KEK berisiko memiliki bayi dengan Berat Badan Lahir Rendah (BBLR), pendek, serta kurus. Data dari Dinas Kesehatan Sumatera Barat, persentase ibu hamil KEK terus terjadi peningkatan. Persentase BBLR per-1000 kelahiran hidup juga tinggi dan tidak mengalami penurunan yang berarti.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan status LILA ibu hamil dengan antropometri bayi baru lahir di Sumatera Barat, Indonesia.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian data sekunder dari penelitian VDPM Study dengan total subjek sebanyak 184 pasang ibu dan anak. Variabel yang diambil dalam penelitian ini adalah LILA, Berat Badan Lahir (BBL), Panjang Badan Lahir (PBL), Lingkar Kepala Lahir (LKL), dan status Small for Gestational Age (SGA). Analisis data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini analisis karakteristik dengan uji deskriptif, Korelasi Spearman, dan Willcoxon.
Hasil: Terdapat korelasi positif yang signifikan antara status LILA ibu hamil dengan antropometri bayi baru lahir (p-value<0,05, untuk semua perbandingan). Penelitian ini menunjukkan semakin besar LILA semakin besar pula antropometri bayi yang dilahirkan, tetapi nilai korelasinya tergolong lemah. Terdapat signifikan hubungan antara LILA ibu hamil dengan status SGA (p-value≤0,001). Bayi dengan status Appropriate for Gestational Age (AGA) berasal dari ibu dengan status LILA normal dan ibu dengan status KEK melahirkan bayi dengan status SGA.
Kesimpulan: Status LILA ibu hamil menentukan antropometri bayi baru lahir. Oleh karena itu, calon ibu bisa mempersiapkan kehamilan dengan menjaga kesehatan dan status gizinya dengan baik. Penelitian lebih dalam dan luas diperlukan untuk mendukung penelitian ini.
Optimalisasi Kandungan Gizi dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Bubur Instan berbasis Beras Pratanak dan Tepung Mocaf yang Difortifikasi Bayam Merah
Authors: Hanifa Zulfa Nur , Emilia Esi
Published: February 2025

Latar Belakang: Bubur instan merupakan salah satu jenis pangan olahan yang tidak memerlukan proses pemasakan dalam penyajiannya. Pemanfaatan beras pratanak, tepung mocaf, dan bayam merah dalam pembuatan bubur instan dapat menjadi alternatif diversifikasi pangan olahan yang kaya akan zat gizi dan antioksidan. Beras pratanak merupakan beras modifikasi yang dipilih karena memiliki nilai indeks glikemik rendah dan kandungan gizi yang tinggi, serta tepung mocaf digunakan sebagai alternatif tepung bebas gluten, dan bayam merah ditambahkan untuk meningkatkan kandungan antioksidan pada bubur instan.
Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kandungan proksimat dan nilai aktivitas antioksidan bubur instan.
Metode: Pembuatan bubur instan dilakukan dengan formula 70 % beras pratanak : 30 % tepung mocaf dengan penambahan 2% bayam merah. Analisis proksimat untuk menentukan kadar air, abu, protein, lemak, dan karbohidrat menggunakan metode sesuai dengan metode AOAC 1995. Analisis aktivitas antioksidan menggunakan metode 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) untuk menilai kemampuan bubur dalam menangkal radikal bebas.
Hasil: Bubur instan yang dihasilkan memiliki kandungan gizi yang tinggi. Nilai aktivitas antioksidan dapat dilihat berdasarkan nilai IC50 dan bubur instan memiliki nilai IC50 sebesar 73,28 μg/ml yang berarti termasuk ke dalam antioksidan kuat. Nilai kandungan gizi dan antioksidan pada bubur instan diperoleh dari bahan-bahan utama dalam pembuatan bubur instan.
Kesimpulan: Bubur instan yang dihasilkan memiliki kandungan gizi yang tinggi dan aktivitas antioksidan yang tinggi. Bubur instan ini dapat dijadikan pilihan yang baik untuk memenuhi kebutuhan nutrisi sehari-hari.
Pengembangan Aplikasi Self-Dietary Asessment "Diary NutriMe" sebagai Media Pendampingan Gizi bagi Remaja Overweight dan Obesitas
Authors: Haryana Nila Reswari , Azbi Cinta Maulida , Sandy Yatty Destani , Firmansyah Hardi , Rosmiati Risti
Published: February 2025

Latar Belakang: Asupan gizi yang tidak tepat dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan yang kurang pada remaja terkait jumlah dan jenis asupan pangan yang harus dikonsumsi sehingga berpengaruh pada status gizi seseorang. Teknologi yang menjadi bagian dari kehidupan saat ini dapat dimanfaatkan untuk memperbaiki konsumsi makanan remaja melalui peningkatan pengetahuan tentang gizi seimbang.
Tujuan: Mengembangkan aplikasi self-dietary asessement yaitu Diary NutriMe sebagai media pendampingan gizi pada remaja dengan kelebihan berat badan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan memperbaiki asupan zat gizi.
Metode: Desain penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rapid Application Development (RAD). Penilaian kelayakan aplikasi Diary NutriMe dilakukan oleh ahli materi dan ahli media dengan menggunakan kuesioner checklist dengan skala likert 1 (tidak baik) - 5 (sangat baik). Kemudian dikategorikan menjadi 5 kategori yaitu sangat layak hingga tidak layak. Implementasi yang dilakukan adalah peningkatan pengetahuan gizi pada 36 siswa remaja dengan kelebihan berat badan (overweight/obesitas).
Hasil: Adapun fitur yang dibuat dalam aplikasi yaitu sistem login, perhitungan status gizi, perhitungan kebutuhan zat gizi, catatan makanan, catatan aktivitas fisik, kumpulan materi untuk edukasi gizi, fitur chatting. Penilaian kelayakan materi mendapat nilai rata-rata sebesar 90,7% yang termasuk dalam kategori sangat layak, sedangkan penilaian kelayakan media mendapat nilai rata-rata sebesar 86,7% yang termasuk dalam kategori sangat layak. Secara statistik melalui uji T, tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada pengetahuan responden (p-value=0,51), namun terdapat peningkatan skor rata-rata dari pengetahuan gizi sebelum dan setelah penggunaan aplikasi Diary NutriMe sebanyak 7,7 poin.
Kesimpulan: Aplikasi Diary NutriMe sangat layak untuk digunakan sebagai media pendampingan gizi bagi remaja yang memiliki berat badan lebih.
Progression of bone-metastatic prostate cancer in a mouse model treated with a novel pan-class I GLUT inhibitor (DRB18)
Authors: Hoggard Nathan K. , Yuan Shiyu , Szczepaniak Marlon R. , Turner Megan M. , Kantake Noriko , Lo Chunmin , LaRussa Zachary D. , Song Jingwen , Daniels Nigel A. , Young Jonathan A. , Echols John B. , III Blake E. Hildreth , Bergmeier Stephen C. , Chen Xiaozhuo , Rosol Thomas J.
Published: February 2025

Aim: Bone-metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) is a debilitating disease with few therapeutic options once androgen independence and chemotherapeutic resistance develop. Advanced PCa has metabolic vulnerabilities involving glycolysis, which is mediated by class I glucose transporters (GLUTs1-4). We previously patented DRB18, a small molecule pan-class I GLUT inhibitor that successfully inhibited the growth of a human lung cancer xenograft in mice. The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity of advanced PCa to GLUT antagonism using DRB18.

Methods: Bioinformatics was performed on human and canine PCa datasets to determine the clinical expression of class I GLUTs. Glucose uptake and cell viability in response to DRB18 were measured in vitro . Tibias of athymic mice were inoculated with Ace-1 canine PCa cells and treated with DRB18. The combination of DRB18 with cytotoxic docetaxel was assessed in vitro .

Results: Expression of important class I GLUTs and glycolysis genes increased during PCa progression in men and dogs. DRB18 reduced cancer cell glucose uptake and cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) ranged from 20-30 µM. DRB18 did not prevent intratibial PCa growth in vivo and had toxic effects at higher concentrations. DRB18 and docetaxel combination therapy and gene expression data from publicly available human PCa samples indicated docetaxel treatment does not stimulate glucose-related metabolic pathways.

Conclusion: GLUT1 inhibition alone or with combination therapy may not be appropriate for bone-metastasis inhibition. The results contribute to evidence that suggests bone metastatic PCa is not glucose dependent.
An optimized strategy for density prediction of intermetallics across varied crystal structures via graph neural network
Authors: Zhu Dexin , Nie Mingshuo , Wu Hong-Hui , Shang Chunlei , Zhu Jiaming , Zhou Xiaoye , Zhu Yuan , Wang Feiyang , Wang Binbin , Wang Shuize , Gao Junheng , Zhao Haitao , Zhang Chaolei , Mao Xinping
Published: February 2025

Intermetallic compounds are crucial in modern industry due to their exceptional properties, where density is identified as a critical parameter determining their potentiality for lightweight applications. In this study, over 7,000 density data points are collected for binary intermetallic compounds from different crystal structures. A new intermetallics graph neural network (IGNN) model is developed to perform regression and classification tasks for density prediction. Compared to traditional machine learning models, the IGNN model demonstrated superior capability in capturing crystal structure and effectively addressing challenges posed by polymorphism. The interpretability of the IGNN model classification process is enhanced through the t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) visualization method. Additionally, the IGNN model exhibited excellent performance in predicting the density of multicomponent complex intermetallic compounds, indicating its robustness and generalizability. This study presents a graph neural network (GNN) method suitable for multi-crystal structure data modeling, providing a novel computational framework for density prediction in intermetallic compounds. This advancement represents a significant contribution to this field, paving the way for more targeted material selection and application in lightweight technologies.
Maximizing outcomes in hypothalamic hamartoma surgery
Authors: Listello Hannah , Ibeawuchi Helen , Keniston Les
Published: February 2025

Hypothalamic hamartomas are rare brain tumors that primarily affect children and adolescents. While several surgical approaches exist for resection, there is no consensus on the optimal technique. This study analyzes three approaches: supraorbital translamina terminalis (SO TLT), anterior interhemispheric (AIH), and pterional transsylvian (PTS). The SO TLT approach offers several advantages, including direct access to the hypothalamus, minimal brain retraction, and shorter hospital stays. It also utilizes a minimally invasive “keyhole” craniotomy, often combined with endoscopy for enhanced visualization. While potential complications such as frontal sinus opening and supraorbital nerve damage exist, careful preoperative planning and intraoperative techniques can mitigate these risks. Data analysis of case reports revealed that the SO TLT approach achieved gross total resection in 81% of cases, significantly higher than AIH (68%) and PTS (28%). In addition, SO TLT demonstrated fewer postoperative complications and a lower overall rate of negative outcomes compared with the other approaches. These findings suggest that the SO TLT approach may be the most effective and safest option for hypothalamic hamartoma resection, offering optimal outcomes with minimal morbidity.
El Compostaje de residuos sólidos orgánicos y su efecto en especies forestales de importancia económica en el norte de Sinaloa
Authors: Vega-Armenta Reyna Marcelina , Ruelas-Ayala Rey David , Sañudo-Torres Rosario Raudel , Félix-Herrán Jaime Alberto
Published: February 2025

El compostaje es un proceso de degradación aerobia que reconvierte los residuos sólidos orgánicos en abono. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de diferentes compost en la germinación y desarrollo de especies forestales en el norte del estado de Sinaloa. Se recolectaron residuos sólidos orgánicos que fueron compostados por 120 días en relación 3:1 (v/v) con estiércol de bovino y caracterizados física y químicamente. En un experimento se midió la alometría de variables dasométricas de las plantas de palo colorado y chile chiltepín, en un diseño completamente al azar, con ocho tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones. Se realizó un riego semanal con agua destilada y el testigo se regó con medio Murashige y Skoog (MS) líquido. En palo colorado, los compost de aserrín (A), de sorgo (S), de poda de pasto de jardín (P) y de restos de mercado (RM), así como un compost elaborado en el módulo de ecotecnias de la Universidad de Sinaloa, promovieron los mejores índices de calidad de Dickson. Los compost A, S y E promovieron la mejor robustez y lignificación en plantas de palo colorado. En las plántulas de chile chiltepín los compost A, P y MS promovieron la mayor longitud de raíz y mayor altura de la planta.
A Pedagogical Framework to Enhance Students’ Perception of Mathematics Relevance in Information Technology Education
Authors: Osei-Wusu Franco , Boateng Francis Ohene , Asiedu William , Asante George , Gordon Joseph Frank , Owusu Raphael , Bannor Alfred Gyasi
Published: February 2025

Mathematics is fundamental to Information Technology (IT), underpinning key areas such as programming, cryptography, artificial intelligence (AI), and networking. However, many IT students perceive mathematics as abstract and disconnected from computing applications, leading to low engagement and weak competency. This study proposes the ITM-RPF, a structured pedagogical model designed to enhance IT students’ perception of mathematics by integrating it with real-world computing tasks. The ITM-RPF framework consists of four phases; Perception Analysis and Diagnostic, Contextualized Integration and Applied Learning, Experiential Simulation and Performance Enhancement, and Perception Shift Evaluation and Continuous Learning. A quasi-experimental research design was used with 152 undergraduate IT students at AAMUSTED, Ghana, assessing their mathematical competency and perceptions before and after a 12-week intervention. Results show a significant improvement in mathematical competency and perception, with post-intervention data indicating higher confidence, increased engagement, and stronger alignment with industry needs. Paired samples t-tests and descriptive statistics confirm that ITM-RPF effectively bridges the gap between mathematical theory and IT applications. This study contributes to IT education by providing a structured model that fosters applied learning and reshapes students' perceptions of mathematics.
Embedding Security Awareness into a Blockchain-Based Dynamic Access Control Framework for the Zero Trust Model in Distributed Systems
Authors: Mohajan Avoy , Jahan Sharmin
Published: February 2025

The Zero Trust (ZT) model is pivotal in enhancing the security of distributed systems by emphasizing rigorous identity verification, granular access control (AC), and continuous monitoring. To address the complexity and scalability challenges of modern distributed systems, we propose a blockchain-based dynamic access control scheme (DACS) as a practical solution for implementing ZT principles. This framework dynamically manages access control lists (ACLs) and enforces policies through smart contracts. In the DACS framework, each blockchain node maintains an object list specifying access permissions within its ACL and incorporates a minimum trust metric (TM) threshold to evaluate access requests. The TM assigned to each node reflects its trustworthiness. To further enhance security, the framework includes security awareness, enabling the dynamic assessment of the risk factor (RF), which reflects the operational risk level. The TM of access-requesting nodes is updated at runtime based on their behavior, with penalties imposed for malicious actions according to the prevailing RF. Access control policies are dynamically adjusted, mitigating risks posed by potentially untrustworthy users with valid credentials. Implemented and tested on the Ethereum blockchain, the proposed DACS framework demonstrates its efficiency and effectiveness in securing distributed systems.
Pandemic, Investor Sentiment, and Stock Returns
Authors: Zadkhater Abolfazl , Santos Cartier , Toshania Mehmetlu
Published: February 2025

After the first COVID-19 patient was diagnosed in China, in December 2019, the market's reaction to the pandemic evolved from initial unawareness and minimal response to rapid panic among investors as the outbreak escalated. As the pandemic continued to develop, the market gradually absorbed the impact, and stock market performance experienced a process of decline from high to low points. From the perspective of behavioral finance, the development of the pandemic suppressed the stock market through both profitability and risk preferences. The initial lack of understanding of the situation further exacerbated market volatility. This paper examines the correlation between the development of the pandemic and daily stock returns from March to June 2020, as well as the mechanism through which the pandemic affected investor sentiment. It reveals a negative correlation between the growth rate of infections and daily stock returns, and how the pandemic increased investors' pessimism, influencing their trading behavior by increasing turnover rates, thereby exacerbating the negative impact on stock returns. By empirically revisiting the impact of the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic on stock market investor behavior, this study provides insights for predicting and responding to the impact of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) on the stock market.
Quality of Life Assessment After Pelvic Prolapse Surgery with and Without Mesh. A Literature Review
Authors: Pirtea Marilena , Balint Oana , Secoșan Cristina , Costachescu Dan , Dabîca Alexandru , Năvolan Dan
Published: February 2025

Background/Objectives: The quality of life (QoL) in patients undergoing pelvic prolapse surgery is a critical area of research in urogynecology. Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a prevalent condition affecting a significant number of women, leading to various physical and psychological symptoms that can severely impact their quality of life. Surgical intervention aims not only to correct the anatomical defects but also to enhance the overall well-being of patients. Methods: A comprehensive literature search in the main databases was conducted for studies evaluating quality of life after surgical treatment using techniques with and without mesh. Results: A total of 35 studies met de inclusion criteria, involving a total of 4603 patients. Twenty-two distinct patient-reported outcomes (PRO) questionnaires have been identified as post-surgical QoL assessment tools. Conclusions: Quality of life is significantly improved by surgical treatment of pelvic organ prolapse. Post-surgical PRO scores do not seem to be influenced by the surgical technique used, with no significant differences between methods using mesh or not.
Estimación de la población canina con dueño y sus características generales en el distrito de Pisco, Ica – Perú, 2023
Authors:   , Sicche Tijero Ana Daniela
Published: February 2025

El estudio llevado a cabo tuvo el objetivo de estimar la población canina con dueño y describir sus características generales en el distrito de Pisco, Ica-Perú, 2023. Para ello, se aplicaron encuestas conformadas por 21 preguntas cerradas en 675 viviendas pertenecientes a los 4 sectores del distrito, seleccionadas aleatoriamente a través de un muestreo estratificado, donde se evaluaron las variables: tenencia de canes, número de canes por vivienda, sexo, raza, edad, tamaño, propósito de cría, alimentación, desparasitación, vacunación, esterilización, frecuencia de visitas al médico veterinario, lugar de vacunación, estancia en casa, modalidad de salir a la calle, recolección de heces con bolsa, pelea con otro can o mordedura a personas, edad al momento de muerte del último can, entendimiento sobre qué hacer ante una mordedura de un perro y conocimiento del propietario sobre enfermedades zoonóticas. Se obtuvo que el 53.93% ± 3.76 (364/675) de viviendas poseían canes domésticos, el promedio de canes por vivienda fue 0.69 y la relación persona: can fue 5.86:1. La edad media fue 4.79 años y la esperanza de vida fue 9.96 años. El 53.75% ± 4.52 de canes fueron vacunados contra la rabia el 2023. Se concluye que la población estimada de canes fue de 11513.
Heritage sustainable lactic acid fermentation in a byproduct of sake making
Authors: Watanabe Daisuke , Yoshioka Motomu , Masuda Yukihiko , Mori Mariko
Published: February 2025

Reusing byproducts has been an issue ever since sake production was established in ancient Japan. Sake kasu, an ethanol-containing solid byproduct remaining after pressing sake, is widely used as a marinade base to enhance flavor and preservation. Here, we isolated ethanolphiliclactic acid bacteria that dominate the microbial community in sake kasu-based traditional foods. This study highlights the potential existence of heritage, sustainable fermentation to transform byproducts into high-value foods.
Is LPBSA the Future of Cancer Diagnosis? Exploring Machine Learning and Nature-Inspired Algorithms for Liver, Breast, and Lung Cancer Detection
Authors: dana  , Tarik
Published: February 2025

Cancer diseases are remaining a leading cause of death in all over the world, this is encouraging the development of advanced diagnostic systems for reliable and accurate detection. The current study investigates the models of traditional machine learning and nature-inspired algorithms for classifying liver, breast and lung cancer cases utilizing structured datasets. More focuses of this research will be on the performance evaluation of five nature-inspired optimizer algorithms like Learner Performance-Based Behavior with Simulated Annealing (LPBSA), Learner Performance-Based Behavior (LPB), FOX Algorithm (FOX), Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Decision Tree (DT). Among these models LPBSA performing the best, consistently obtained the highest accuracy of 92%, sensitivity 94% and specificity 90%, with confusion matrices reflecting minimal false negative and positives. This work contributes to growing adoption of popular algorithms for enhancing healthcare diagnosis and LPBSA can be utilized in other field investigations.
A Novel Ketogenesis-Integrated Model of Fat and Carbohydrate Oxidation
Authors: Nguyen Ngan Anh , Osorio-Perez Oscar , Jackemeyer David , Terrera Mirna , Pradhan Ayushi , Chen Fang , Hua Yuyan , Chou Charlotte , Cheng Shan , Forzani Erica
Published: February 2025

We report the first model of fat and carb oxidation integrating ketogenesis, a key condition that influences weight loss and maintenance. The model was developed from fundamental mass balance laws and a biochemical process unit approach. We tested the model with a pilot study in 16 healthy subjects exposed to short-term ketogenic interventions of exercise, fasting, and ketogenic meal while controlling the baseline at 4 different conditions: 1- normal diet/energy balance, 2- ketogenic diet/energy balance, 3- normal diet/negative energy balance, and 4- ketogenic diet/negative energy balance. We evaluated the ketogenesis contributions to fat and carb oxidation rates from the new model with a previously widely used model and found that the new model exhibits better predictive performance of fat and carb oxidation rate during ketogenesis. In addition, the new model’s fat and carb oxidation was correlated with 5 different ketones excretion rates and concentrations. Finally, the new model demonstrated value to discriminate between fat oxidation from adipose tissue and diet fat, which enabled individualization of different metabolic responses among the study subjects.
Adipocyte Extracellular Vesicles (Adevs) Promote a Proinflammatory and Profibrotic Profile in Human Renal and Endothelial Cells in Vitro
Authors: Carvajal Cristian , Valdés Pablo Carrión , Mejías María Paz Hernández , Pérez Jorge , Tapia-Castillo Alejandra , Vecchiola Andrea , Sandoval-Bórquez Alejandra , Baudrand Rene , Fardella Carlos
Published: February 2025

In obesity,white adipose tissue (WAT) undergoes hypertrophic and hyperplastic changes that are driven by phenotypical changes in preadipocytes and adipocytes. WAT also causes a chronic inflammatory state that modifies gene expression and the secretome, including the shedding of adipose-derived extracellular vesicles (AdEVs) into the circulation, with these AdEVs affecting other cell types and potentially modifying their phenotypes.
Aim: To evaluate the effects of AdEVs on renal and endothelial cells and their impacts on gene expression associated with inflammation, fibrosis, and endothelial function.
Methods: Human SW872 adipocytes were differentiated from preadipocytes and further characterized. AdEVs were isolated via ultracentrifugation and characterized according to ISEV guidelines. AdEVs were added to either human renal (HCD) or endothelial cells (EA.hy926) for 24 hours. Adipokine, cytokine (IL-6 and IL-1B), fibrosis-related, NGAL, and eNOS gene expression wasevaluated via RT-qPCR and western blotting.
Results: SW872 cells exhibited classical adipocyte morphologies and a significant accumulation of lipid droplets. Isolated AdEVs exhibited a donut-shaped morphology, a characteristic size, and both CD9 and TSG101 markers, which are compatible with EV features. Both renal and endothelial cells that were challenged with AdEVs were able to (1) incorporate AdEV-PKH67 (a fluorescent dye) and (2) induce high expression of IL-6 and IL-1B (p<0.05). A decrease in eNOS expression was detected in endothelial cells treated with AdEVs (p<0.05).
Conclusion:AdEVs induced a proinflammatory profile in renal and endothelial cells (HCD and EA.hy926) in vitro, and a decrease of eNOS expression in EA.hy926 cells. These results support that EVs from mature adipocytes could increase the inflammation and vascular dysfunction in obesity.
The risk factors of pregnancy-induced hypertension: A case- control study
Authors: Farajzadeh Rogayeh , Shahbazzadegan Samira , farzipour shahla , Pourfarzi Farhad
Published: February 2025

Background
Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is a major health problem in pregnant women and is one of the main causes of maternal and perinatal mortality. Considering its many complications and effects on the mother and the fetus, identifying the effective factors on occurrence is a priority. This research was conducted to determine the risk factors of PIH.
Methods
This case-control (descriptive-analytical) study was conducted at 2023 in Ardabil city. 115 women higher than 35 years old who had PIH in their last pregnancy were selected as a case group and the same number of women without this disease in their last pregnancy selected as the control group (after matching age groups). Data were collected from a retrospective comprehensive study of Persian cohort. Women in both groups were interviewed and information including demographic, PIH and diabetes history, GDM, Colelityasis, Renal failer, Heart failer, romatological disease, H. pylori, twin pregnancy, history of high blood pressure in previous pregnancies, smoking, alcohol, hookah, drugs use were obtained.
Findings:
Gestational diabetes mellitus or GDM, previous history of PIH, history of H. pylori infection and BMI were identified as effective risk factors for the occurrence of PIH.
Conclusion
GDM was identified as the most important risk factor for PIH in Ardabil province. Infection H.pylori bacteria, history of PIH, and hight BMI were as other PIH risk factors. It is necessary for women with these risk factors to take the necessary care for early diagnosis, including visiting and having a pre-pregnancy check-up.
Integrating Mental Health Services Into Primary Health Care in Nigeria: A Mixed Method Study Exploring the Roles of Family Physicians in Closing the Glaring Gap
Authors: Adeleke Thomas Olumide , Orji Eloho Joy , Adekunle Wulaimat Abimbolanle , Akinbode Akeem Opeyemi , Oluwasanya Alarape Naomi , Oduniyi Oludaisi Adeshina , Omorovbiye Aibangbee , Olabode Aderemi Temitayo , Ariba Adekunle Joseph
Published: February 2025

Background: The need to integrate mental health services into primary healthcare service provision in Nigeria is now more urgent than previously considering the huge and increasing gap in access to mental care at the community level. This study therefore, assessed the critical roles and responsibilities of family physicians in facilitating the successful integration of Mental Health Services (MHS) into primary healthcare settings in Nigeria, with the goal of improving health outcomes, improving patient-centered care, and promoting a more efficient and effective healthcare system.
Methods: A mixed method research design was used to collect both quantitative and qualitative data from Nigerian primary care physicians (PCPs) across the six (6) geo-political zones of the country. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to elicit their socio-demographic information, their view of the current state of MHS, factors affecting MHS integration into PHC, while key-informant interview guide was used to explore their opinions on how MHS can be enhanced in the country and how MH care can be integrated into primary health care in Nigeria.
Results: The most common role identified by respondents is serving as a link between primary care and mental health specialists (29.7%), followed by being managers of healthcare resources (20.3%) and researchers (19.4%). The study revealed that family physicians have diverse roles in providing comprehensive and coordinated mental health care. Family physicians can use their unique position to facilitate early diagnosis, prompt intervention, provide ongoing support, and foster a collaborative care approach that addresses the complex needs of patients with mental health conditions, ultimately improving overall health outcomes and overall well-being.
Conclusion:Family Physicians have important roles to play in bridging the gap between primary healthcare and mental healthcare, particularly in low and middle-income countries like Nigeria. it is recommended that family physicians receive targeted training in mental health care, have access to updated clinical guidelines, and be supported by robust referral systems to ensure seamless collaboration with mental health specialists.
Research on the Barcode Deblurring Algorithm Based on a GAN
Authors: Li ChaoChao , Lu LiKun , Zeng QingTao , Yu LiQin , Xu AnPing
Published: February 2025

With the development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology, barcode automatic recognition systems play a crucial role. Traditional methods often perform poorly when processing blurred barcodes, which affects recognition and application performance. This paper proposes a barcode deblurring algorithm based on generative adversarial networks (GANs), aimed at overcoming the problem of insufficient barcode clarity in traditional image processing. First, the SE attention mechanism is combined with the aggregation residual block ResNeXt to form SE-ResNeXt, replacing the residual block ResNet, which accelerates the model’s convergence speed and enhances the stability of the training process. Second, the channel prior convolutional attention (CPCA) mechanism is introduced to improve the network's feature extraction ability and detection performance. The experimental results show that the proposed model achieves a peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) of 30.48 dB, an improvement of 4.87 dB over the baseline network, and a structural similarity index (SSIM) of 0.9383, an improvement of 7.72%. The subjective visual deblurring effect is also promising, with restored barcode images showing clear edge contours and noticeable detail recovery.
Study of SWNTs based sensor network density on analyte detection limit
Authors: Kumar Deepak , Kumar Anil , Chouksey Abhilasha , Jha Pika
Published: February 2025

With increasing research in sensors development and fabrications, the sensitivity is found to be a foremost factor which demands optimization to attain desirable response. In order to do so, network density need to be subjected and investigates its correlations with sensor sensitivity. This particular study examines the impact of network density on sensor responsiveness. In order to explore the impact of SWNTs concentration density onto the fabricated sensor behaviour, the surface morphology has been examined by Raman Spectroscopy and resistance analysis onto as fabricated sensor samples. Furthermore, flexible SWNTs thick film gas resistor (CNT-TFR) has been generated using the vacuum filtering technique. The sensing measures of these manufactured sensors are examined by exposing them to NO2 concentrations ranging from 0.5 ppm to 10 ppm for duration of 3 minutes. The sensor exhibiting a concentration of 5 mg/L demonstrates the most pronounced response compared to the other sensors. The influence of network density on the ability to adsorb, heterogeneity, signal-to-noise ratio, and detection limit was also examined. The repeatability and selectivity were further examined to determine the ideal density of the sensor.
The Effectiveness of a Personalized Healthy Eating Report Card in Improving Children's Eating Practices: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Wan Alison W. L. , Chung Kevin Kien Hoa , Li Jian-Bin , Xu Shebe Siwei , Chan Derwin K. C.
Published: February 2025

Background: The present study developed an intervention using a personalized Healthy Eating Report Card to provide parents with personalized insights into the extent to which their child adhered to international healthy eating guidelines and engaged in favorable family home food environments. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of this intervention in improving preschool-aged children’s eating practices.
Methods: A three‐armed, single‐blinded randomized controlled trial was conducted with 331 parent-child dyads recruited from eight local kindergartens in Hong Kong. Parents were asked to complete the International Healthy Eating Report Card Scale at baseline and one-month post-intervention. The participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: (i) the intervention group (who received a personalized Healthy Eating Report Card), (ii) the usual care group (who received a standard government-issued leaflet on healthy eating), or (iii) the mere-measurement control group (who received no healthy eating materials). We examined if the improvement in the overall report card score of the intervention group was statistically higher than that of the other two groups using ANCOVA.
Results: The results of ANCOVA demonstrated that the overall report card score was significantly different among the three groups after adjusting for the baseline value [F(2,327) = 3.98, p = .020, ηp2 = .02]. Bonferroni post-hoc tests revealed that children in the intervention group improved significantly more than those in the mere-measurement control group (p < .05) with an improvement of 4.6%. The overall report card score of the usual care group was not significantly different from that of the intervention group or the mere-measurement control group (p > .05).
Conclusions: This study provides promising evidence for the effectiveness of the personalized Healthy Eating Report Card in promoting healthy eating practices among preschool-aged children. It also demonstrated its potential as a cost-efficient and scalable tool for health interventions.
Trial registration: This trial was registered retrospectively on November 19, 2024, at chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR number: ChiCTR2400092558).
Alpha1,2-fucosylation protects mice from bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis
Authors: Zhu Chenxi , Mai Xinjia , Jiang Yicheng , Ji Zhaohui , Abdylla Gulberdiyev , Zhou Dapeng
Published: February 2025

Background
The mechanism responsible for lung fibrosis remain unknown. This purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of alpha1,2-fucosylation on bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in a murine model.
Methods
Wild-type and knockout mice deficient of alpha1,2 fucose (DFTKO) were treated by bleomycin and lung fibrosis was studied. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was collected on Day 7 and Day 14 for Tandem Mass Tag-labeled (TMT) mass spectrometry proteomic analysis.
Results
Lung fibrosis is less severe in mice lacking alpha1,2 fucose. Multiple bronchoalveolar lavage proteins were elevated 7 days after bleomycin treatment, including 1) proteins involved in lipid metabolism, antimicrobial defense and inflammation: Bpifa2, Apoa1, Apoa2, C1qtnf5, Serpina3n; 2) proteins involved in TGF-beta signaling, and extracellular matrix: Fst, Bgn, Timp1, Vcan, Ltbp1, Sparcl1, Mmp2; 3) Collagens: Col5a1, Col5a2. Several proteins involved in detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were found to be decreased 7 days after bleomycin treatment: Hspa1a, Selenbp1, Glrx5, Uqcrc1, Npc1, Ifi30, Hadh, Prdx6. When wild-type and knockout mice deficient of alpha1,2 fucose were compared 7 days after bleomycin treatment, multiple proteins were elevated in knockout mice: 1) proteins involved in DNA damage repair and maintenance of genome stability: H3c1, Ssbp1, Hmga1; 2) proteins involved in inflammation: S100a8, S100a9; 3) proteins involved in signaling pathways of wound healing and tissue remodeling: Hdgfl3, Plekhf2, Ceacam1.
Conclusions
Alpha1,2 fucosylated structures are found to play protective roles by upregulating components of three critical pathways, while exact mechanisms will be focus of our future study. Identification of alpha1,2 fucosylated structures as facilitators of lung fibrosis also provide an interesting target for therapeutic interventions for lung fibrosis.
Root traits of shade trees in cocoa agroforestry systems are associated with functional leaf phenology
Authors: Abdulai Issaka , Hoffmann Munir , Kahiluoto Helena , Ahmed Mutez A. , Dippold Michaela A. , Asare Richard , Rötter Reimund P.
Published: February 2025

Context
Analysing root traits to identify below ground acquisition mechanisms and relating them to above ground traits, such as leaf phenology, can improve the understanding and design of resource use efficient and drought resilient agroforestry systems.
Objectives
To determine how fine root traits are associated with different shade tree functional groups and their influence on climate resilience
Methods
Two key roots traits, i.e. fine root length density and fine root diameter of shade trees and cocoa are evaluated for the 13 most common shade tree species belonging to six functional (leaf phenology) groups under farmer field conditions. Fine root samples were acquired for four replicates of each shade tree species through extensive root coring up to 60 cm depth and at three horizontal shade tree impact zones.
Results
All cocoa plants irrespective of their associated shade tree functional group exhibited resource acquisitive fine root traits, i.e. higher root length density and smaller diameter. Similarly, shade trees in the ‘brevi deciduous during dry season’ functional group, i.e. characterized by higher, leaf area-related, water uptake in the dry season exhibited acquisitive fine root traits. Evergreen and complete deciduous functional groups showed a conservative fine root trait, i.e. with lower fine root length density and larger diameter.
Conclusion
Pairing acquisitive root traits in cocoa with conservative fine root trait shade trees optimize agroforestry systems.
Effects of the ethanolic extract of Dacryodes edulis (safoutier) leaves on reproductive traits, oxidative stress and toxicity indicators in Gallus gallus domesticus (Brahma) roosters
Authors: Ngwemetah Nathalie , Chongsi Margaret Mary Momo , Tchoffo Herve , Baulland Arius , Nchendeh Valentine , Mohamadou Adamou , Kasomo Dedieu Byamungu , Ngoula Ferdinand
Published: February 2025

Background
Plant extracts possess antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties that help reduce the incidence of diseases, improve gut health and enhance immune response in favor of growth and reproduction while limiting the use of synthetic antibiotics in poultry production.
Materials and methods
A total of 60 10-week-old Brahma roosters with an average weight of 1.2 ± 0.15 kg were partitioned into 5 experimental units following a complete randomized design. From the control group without additive (TO-), 4 other rations were formulated by adding 200 mg of vitamin C (T0+) per kg of feed to TO- or the ethanolic extract of Dacyodes edulis leaves at 0.55% (T1), 0.75% (T2) or 0.95% (T3) per kg of feed. The data collected were subjected to one-way analysis of variance.
Results
The results revealed a significant increase in the serum level triglyceride and total protein levels in the 0.75% and 0.95% extract groups compared with those in the control groups. Similarly, a nonsignificant difference (P˃0.05) in the serum albumin, globulin, total cholesterol, alanine and aspartate amino transferase enzymes and creatinine levels was observed regardless of the treatment. Significant increases (P < 0,05) in white blood cell, red blood cell, platelet, haemoglobin and haematocrit concentrations were observed with 0.95% extract. The incorporation of the extract at a rate of 0.75% in the feed significantly (P < 0,05) decreased the activity of malondialdehyde and increased the level of catalase in the treated groups compared with those in the control groups and decreased the level of glutathione in the treated groups. The testosterone concentration was significantly (P < 0.05) greater in the feed of the animals receiving the 0.75% of ethanolic extract of D. edulis than in the other groups. The animals receiving 0.75% of ethanolic extract of D. edulis leaves in their feed presented a significantly (P < 0.05) greater level of viable spermatozoa compared to all other treated groups.
Conclusion
In view of these results, the ethanolic extract of Dacryodes edulis can be used to ameliorate the reproductive performance of Brahma rooster birds at a rate of 0.75%.
Dynamic evolution of a sex-linked region
Authors: Mao Xiaomeng , Rafati Nima , Tellgren-Roth Christian , Ingvarsson Pär , Karrenberg Sophie
Published: February 2025

Background
Sex chromosomes often evolve exceptionally fast and degenerate after recombination arrest. However, the underlying evolutionary processes are under persistent debate, particularly whether or not recombination arrest evolves in a stepwise manner and how switches in sex determination genes contribute to sex chromosome evolution. Here, we study sex determination in the dioecious plant genus Salix with a high turnover of sex chromosomes.
Results
We identified Z and W sex-linked regions (~ 8 Mb) on chromosome 15 of the dwarf willow Salix herbacea using a new haplotype-resolved assembly. The W sex-linked region harboured a large (5 Mb) embedded inversion. Analyses of synteny with other Salix species, sequence divergence between sex chromosomes and degeneration suggest that the inversion recently incorporated pseudoautosomal sequences into the sex-linked region, extending its length nearly three-fold. W-hemizygous regions exclusively contained seven pairs of inverted partial repeats of the male essential floral identity gene PISTILLATA, suggesting a possible PISTILLATA suppression mechanism by interfering RNA in females. Such PISTILLATA pseudogenes were also found in other Salix species with ZW sex determination but not in those with XY sex determination.
Conclusions
Our study provides rare and compelling direct support for the long-standing theory of stepwise recombination reduction mediated by inversions and suggests that the turnover of sex chromosomes in the Salicaceae family is associated with a switch of the sex determination gene.
Mapping tooth microcracks by combining X-ray tomography and photoluminescence
Authors: Dumbryte Irma , Narbutis Donatas , Androulidaki Maria , Skliutas Edvinas , Jasiuniene Elena , Juodkazis Saulius , Malinauskas Mangirdas
Published: February 2025

Although teeth microcracks (MCs) were recently characterized in three-dimensions (3D), it is still unknown whether there are changes in the tooth material within the MC compared to the uncracked enamel. Thus, spectral analysis of the cracked area could provide information on the composition of the material along the crack line. However, this is followed by the major methodological challenge – to find the same MC using different methods. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify the same crack-affected and pristine tooth regions by combining X-ray µCT with photoluminescence (PL) and to assess the structural integrity of the extracted human teeth along the very same MC. The samples were first examined using an X-ray µCT. Secondly, buccal and palatal surfaces with visible cracks and pristine areas were used to obtain fluorescence spectra excited at 325 nm. In total 192 PL spectra were detected for each sample: 96 from visible MCs from the buccal and palatal surfaces and 96 from the pristine regions on the adjacent areas. The X-ray µCT technique allowed the accurate identification of the cracks that were analysed by PL using the 3D mesh structure developed. The 3D mesh structure created to overlap the outer enamel surface of the tooth served as a link between the 3D X-ray and spectral images to identify the same crack locality and to qualitatively assess the structural integrity along the crack line, using two complimentary techniques. This is opening a clinically viable spectro-spatial identification of the location of the damaged tooth material.
A STUDY TO ASSESS THE EFFECTIVENESS OF POMEGRANATE JUICE ON BLOOD PRESSURE AMONG HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS ADMITTED IN SELECTED HOSPITALS
Authors:   M.Sc Nursing, Assistant Professor, MPCN, Sangli., Kashinath Kolap Akash , Fernandis Samuel ,   Vice Principal, CON Miraj Medical Center, Miraj., Desai Jyoti ,   Associate Professor CON Miraj Medical Center, Miraj.
Published: February 2025

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of pomegranate juice in reducing blood pressure among hypertensive patients admitted to selected hospitals. The objectives were to assess existing blood pressure levels, evaluate the effectiveness of pomegranate juice, and compare pre-test and post-test scores among experimental groups. The hypothesis tested whether pomegranate juice significantly affects blood pressure. A quantitative evaluative approach with a two-group pre-test post-test design was employed, involving 40 hypertensive patients selected through non-probability purposive sampling. The experimental group received 200ml of pomegranate juice daily for 5 days, while the control group received routine treatment. Blood pressure was measured using a sphygmomanometer and stethoscope. Results showed a significant reduction in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in the experimental group, with mean systolic pressure decreasing from 169 mmHg to 118 mmHg and mean diastolic pressure from 99.5 mmHg to 79.5 mmHg. The control group showed no significant changes. The study concluded that pomegranate juice is an effective, cost-efficient, and palatable alternative treatment for reducing blood pressure in hypertensive patients, complementing pharmacological therapy. Further studies with larger sample sizes and longer durations are recommended to validate these findings and explore comparisons with other complementary therapies.
PERFECT S-GEODETIC FUZZY GRAPHS
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Sullamussalam Science College, Areacode-673639, Kerala, India., Rehmani Sameeha
Published: February 2025

This study introduces the concept of a Pseudo s-geodetic set within the context of fuzzy graphs. This set comprises all nodes that are not members of any s-geodetic basis for a given fuzzy graph G. The size of this set is termed the Pseudo s-geodetic number of G. We specifically define fuzzy graphs possessing a Pseudo s-geodetic number of zero as Perfect s-geodetic fuzzy graphs. Several examples of such graphs are provided. Furthermore, we demonstrate that complete fuzzy graphs with two nodes, as well as fuzzy cycles where each arc has identical strength, fall under the category of Perfect s-geodetic fuzzy graphs.