bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Bayesian multi-proxy reconstruction of early Eocene latitudinal temperature gradients
Authors: Eichenseer Kilian , Jones Lewis A.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Accurately reconstructing large-scale palaeoclimate patterns from sparse local records is critical for understanding the evolution of Earth’s climate. Particular challenges arise from the patchiness, uneven spatial distribution, and disparate nature of palaeoclimatic proxy records. Geochemical data typically provide temperature estimates via transfer functions derived from experiments. Similarly, transfer functions based on the climatic requirements of modern taxa exist for some fossil groups, such as pollen assemblages. In contrast, most ecological and lithological data (e.g. coral reefs and evaporites) only convey information on broad climatic requirements. Historically, most large-scale proxy-based reconstructions have used either geochemical or ecological data, but few studies have combined multiple proxy types into a single quantitative reconstruction. Large spatial gaps in existing proxy records have often been bridged by simple averaging, without taking into account the spatial distribution of samples, leading to biased temperature reconstructions. Here, we present a Bayesian hierarchical model to integrate ecological data with established geochemical proxies into a unified quantitative framework, bridging gaps in the latitudinal coverage of proxy data. We apply this approach to the early Eocene climatic optimum (EECO), the interval with the warmest sustained temperatures of the Cenozoic. Assuming the conservation of thermal tolerances of modern coral reefs and mangrove taxa, we establish broad sea surface temperature ranges for EECO coral reef and mangrove sites. We integrate these temperature estimates with the EECO geochemical shallow marine proxy record to model the latitudinal sea surface temperature gradient and global average temperatures of the EECO. Our results confirm the presence of a flattened latitudinal temperature gradient and unusually high polar temperatures during the EECO, which is supported by high-latitude ecological data. We show that integrating multiple types of proxy data, and adequate prior information, has the potential to substantially reduce uncertainty in palaeoclimate reconstructions, allowing for unbiased temperature estimates from sparse data.
The contested environmental futures of the Dolomites: a political ecology of mountains
Authors: Zinzani Andrea
Published: June 2023

Abstract. In recent years, the eco-climate crisis has intensified the institutional debate on sustainable environmental futures and the need to boost green transition policies. Scholars in critical geography and political ecology have discussed the controversial nature of these policies and argued that structural transformation is needed, focused specifically on environmental conservation. However, little attention has been paid to mountain environments, which today are significantly affected by the eco-climate crisis and characterized by controversial trajectories of development, conservation and valorization. Therefore, by bringing together the political ecology of conservation and mountain geographies, this contribution reflects on the environmental futures of the Dolomites, in the eastern Alps, through an analysis of governance processes, conservation visions and rising environmental struggles. The Dolomites show the contested nature of environmental futures and their politicization, between ideas of accumulation by sustainability and radical environmental visions. Moreover, they encompass experiences and practices that envision a convivial conservation perspective with the potential to advance the political ecology of the mountain, with specific reference to the Global North.
Towards a conceptualization of the hydrological processes behind changes of young water fraction with elevation: a focus on mountainous alpine catchments
Authors: Gentile Alessio , Canone Davide , Ceperley Natalie , Gisolo Davide , Previati Maurizio , Zuecco Giulia , Schaefli Bettina , Ferraris Stefano
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The young water fraction (Fyw*), defined as the fraction of catchment outflow with transit times of less than 2–3 months, is increasingly used in hydrological studies that exploit the potential of
isotope tracers. The use of this new metric in catchment intercomparison
studies is helpful to understand and conceptualize the relevant processes
controlling catchment functioning. Previous studies have shown surprising
evidence that mountainous catchments worldwide yield low Fyw*. These low values have been partially explained by isolated hydrological processes, including deep vertical infiltration and long groundwater flow paths. However, a thorough framework illustrating the relevant mechanisms leading to a low Fyw* in mountainous catchments is missing. The main aim of this paper is to give an overview of what drives Fyw* variations according to elevation, thus clarifying why it generally decreases at high elevation. For this purpose, we assembled a data set of 27 study catchments, located in both Switzerland and Italy, for which we calculateFyw*. We assume that this decrease can be explained by the groundwater storage potential, quantified by the areal extent of Quaternary deposits over a catchment (Fqd), and the low-flow duration (LFD) throughout the period of isotope sampling (PoS). In snow-dominated systems, LFD is strictly related to the snowpack persistence, quantified through the mean fractional snow cover area (FSCA). The drivers are related to the catchment storage contribution to the stream that we quantify by applying a cutting-edge baseflow separation method to the discharge time series of the study sites and by estimating the mean baseflow fraction (Fbf) over the PoS. Our results suggest that Quaternary deposits could play a role in modulating
Fyw* elevation gradients via their capacity to store groundwater, but subsequent confirmation with further, more detailed geological information is necessary. LFD indicates the proportion of PoS in which the stream is sustained and dominated by stored water coming from the catchment storage. Accordingly, our results reveal that the increase of LFD at high elevations, to a large extent driven by the persistence of winter snowpacks and the simultaneous lack of a liquid water input to the catchments, results in lower Fyw*. In our data set, Fbf reveals a strong complementarity with Fyw*, suggesting that the latter could be estimated as Fyw*≃1-Fbf for catchments without stable water isotope measurements. As a conclusion, we develop a perceptual model that integrates all the results of our analysis into a framework for how hydrological processes
control Fyw* according to elevation. This lays the foundations for an improvement of the theory-driven models.
FROM THE DIGITAL TWIN OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE TO THE DEFINITION OF THE CONSTRAINT MAPS. THE CASE STUDY OF THE CASTELLO SFORZESCO IN MILAN
Authors: Guzzetti F. , Anyabolu K. L. N. , Biolo F. , D’Ambrosio L.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The work presented here is part of the widespread digitisation process that is affecting the world of architecture and cultural heritage. The text reports part of the activities carried out on the Castello Sforzesco in Milan, in collaboration with its Superintendence bodies. This work proposes an innovative way to draft, in a digital environment, 3D constraint maps, capable of describing and protecting the complex system of structures in that area, especially in the subsoil. The activity began with the creation of a georeferenced 3D model of all the existing architectural elements in the analyzed area of the Castle. The work was carried out on the northwest corner of the fortress, the area between the Torre della Colubrina and the Porta del Soccorso. The modeling activity was based both on data obtained from surveys and historical documentation describing structures that are no longer visible. From the 3D model, it was then possible to obtain all useful data to draw up constraint maps in GIS (Geographic Information System) environment. This latter allows multiple interactions both with the normal surface cartographic information (Topographic Database and others) and with the multitude of datasets available for managing the territory and its subsystems. The constraints consider a ‘safety’ offset, applied in all three directions. These maps describe the various three-dimensional areas, referring to the different structures present in the subsoil, within which it is recommended to operate with extreme caution, in relation to the position and conformation of the same identified assets.
MODERN METHODS OF DOCUMENTATION AND VISUALIZATION OF HISTORICAL MINES IN THE UNESCO MINING REGION IN THE ORE MOUNTAINS
Authors: Pavelka jr. K. , Běloch L. , Pavelka K.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The article focuses on modern methods of mining activity documentation and visualization. The development of technologies that allow us to display 3D models are many in recent years, from web portals, augmented reality using smartphones or tablets to virtual reality glasses. These technologies give us a whole new way of looking at and viewing 3D models. In this study, we will use most of the available options to visualize mining activities in the UNESCO-protected Ore Mountains. Each of these technologies needs differently prepared data. Because each of these technologies have different limits, we need to find these limits and modify the 3D models. The ZEB Revo laser scanner was used for data acquisition, which uses SLAM technology and is much more suitable for such areas than conventional terrestrial scanners, with which the work is lengthy and not nearly as efficient, and not the least of which eliminates the time-consuming post-scan work of merging scans. Especially when using scanning for mining, where there is not quite enough to go around, manually splicing scans is a nightmare, and automatic post-production merging is also often problematic.
DEGRADATION OF HISTORIC MASONRY BY ANALYTICAL AND DIGITAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY: A QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS
Authors: D’Urso M. G. , Marino C. L. , Aldrighettoni J.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The degradation of Cultural Heritage sites is one of the biggest challenges in modern societies and it is becoming a pressing issue in many countries. Our Cultural Heritage is degrading faster today than any time in the past. Countries as Italy, boast a significant part of the heritage buildings and structures all over the world, typically made of stone. These countries are increasingly challenged to properly maintain their important legacy while keeping maintenance low-costs for the preservation. The degradation of historic masonry structures can be manifested in different ways that can be focused from different perspectives and disciplines. The present study-case deals with the Ponari Nymphaeum, a Roman building dated to the 1st century B.C., that has been the object of a study begun in 2010. The site is located on the slopes of Montecassino, in the Southern Lazio and it has been the object of a survey and monitoring begun in 2010, and updated to 2019, aimed at documenting the structural and architectural degradation of the site due to the negligence and the climate change by using the combined approach of the analytical and digital photogrammetry.The results show the efficiency of the proposed methodology to identify not only the existing state of degradation of the site, but also a useful approach to preserve and to reconstruct the missing and damaged parts that can be reproducted with high accuracy.
WEB EXPLORATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE WITH LIMITED ACCESSIBILITY: FIRST EXPERIMENTATION FOR HYPOGEUM ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES
Authors: Aricò M. , La Guardia M. , Lo Brutto M.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The accessibility to hypogeum archaeological sites is still one of the main challenges for the dissemination of Cultural Heritage knowledge, especially in the territories rich of ancient ruins like the Mediterranean area, where modern cities often hide underground ruins of historical settlements making the accessibility of these sites very difficult or even impossible. Digital reconstructions and virtual reality applications result in many cases the only chance to explore these archaeological sites. Terrestrial laser scanning and photogrammetry are the main technologies able now to digitise at a very high-level detail the hypogeum environments, whilst web virtual navigation systems are smart solutions for their dissemination and virtual fruition. However, this approach has some critical issues since the online virtual fruition needs further 3D model elaborations and web design processes. The work aims to develop and implement a web exploration system for the web fruition of hypogeum archaeological sites. The research was carried out on two hypogeum sites in Marsala (Italy), part of the ancient Roman city of Lylibaeum. The system was developed using WebGL JavaScript open-source libraries, allowing the construction of a virtual 3D navigation platform accessible on the web. In particular, in this work, the 3D dataset elaboration necessary to solve the limitations relative to the web browsing of complex 3D datasets is investigated and a possible smart solution based on open-source technology is proposed.
THE SUNRISE SUMMER SCHOOL: AN INNOVATIVE LEARNING-BY-DOING EXPERIENCE FOR THE DOCUMENTATION OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL HERITAGE
Authors: Balletti C. , Capra A. , Calantropio A. , Chiabrando F. , Colucci E. , Furfaro G. , Guastella A. , Guerra F. , Lingua A. , Matrone F. , Menna F. , Nocerino E. , Teppati Losè L. , Vernier P. , Visintini D.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The first edition of the SUNRISE (Seashore and UNderwater documentation of aRchaeological herItage palimpSests and Environment) summer school was carried out in Marina di Ragusa in Sicily (Italy) from 3rd to 9th September 2022. It was jointly organized by Politecnico di Torino, IUAV, University of Sassari, FBK, University of Udine and the University of Modena and Reggio Emilia with the support of SIFET, ISPRS Student Consortium, private companies (Images, Microgeo, Stonex, Leica and Geomax) and the municipality of Santa Croce Camerina.The five days of summer school were attended by 20 students from Europe, Asia and USA. After the first day of lectures focused on the theoretical basis of surveying, photogrammetry, LiDAR, and SLAM, the field activities took place in a submerged and terrestrial scenario. The underwater surveying involved a submerged amphora, and the terrestrial activity was focused on the Arab bath of Mezzagnone, a 6th-century AD building that has been fully preserved until today. The paper deal with this experience and underline the followed approach. Finally some results achieved by the students are reported.
CRITICAL EVALUATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE ARCHITECTUAL STANDARD DOCUMENTATION METHODS ACROSS DIFFERENT EUROPEAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Bochenska A. , Kot P. , Muradov M. , Markiewicz J. , Zawieska D. , Hess M. , Antoniou A.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. This article presents the current guidelines/standards for architectural documentation in various countries. Available regulations, applicable documents, technical guidelines, and good practices were analysed, together with selected examples of 3D digitisation projects. The results of the evaluation were compared with the guidelines for generating 3D documentation proposed by The Expert Group on Digital Cultural Heritage (EU) and Europeana. The analyses show no unambiguous hard technical guidelines. Still, there is a set of proposed guidelines and good practices to correctly carry out the 3D digitalisation process and the selection of equipment for the inventory of selected classes of object types. For this reason, it is recommended to detail the guidelines for the selection of equipment and the possible accuracy of the final architectural documentation derived from geospatial data.
HISTORIC BRIDGES MONITORING THROUGH SENSOR DATA MANAGEMENT WITH BIM METHODOLOGIES
Authors: Aglietti A. , Biagini C. , Bongini A. , Ottobri P.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The implementation of geometric, alphanumerical and documentary data within BIM models is opening up interesting scenarios in the integrated management of existing infrastructure works. In particular, data from the application of sensors for structural monitoring of historic bridges can originate a flow of information exchange between real artifacts and Digital Twin capable of activating effective reactive or planned responses in the operation and maintenance phase of the asset by the facility manager. This paper intends to outline a BIM-oriented process workflow, which from the creation of parametric objects for infrastructural works using Scan-to-BIM acquisition techniques and procedures, arrives at the implementation of models aimed at the management of data from incoming and outgoing sensors towards analysis, supervision and control systems of the facilities organization. The case study of the Toppoli Bridge over the Arno River along the S.P. 64 road in the Province of Arezzo (IT), an artifact dating back to the early decades of the 1900s and built using traditional construction techniques and recently subject to renovation, is addressed. The experience conducted has highlighted how the BIM methodology for information management of existing assets, effectively responds to the current needs of monitoring and control of historical infrastructure assets, being able to integrate with multiple information management systems of the facilities organization, as well as the latest AI and AR technologies.
BRIDGING THE GAP: AN OPEN-SOURCE GIS+BIM SYSTEM FOR ARCHAEOLOGICAL DATA. THE CASE STUDY OF ALTINUM, ITALY
Authors: Delpozzo E. , Balletti C.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. GIS tools in archaeology have become fundamental for professionals and researchers around the world. In recent years, the “3D revolution” has drastically changed archaeological practices and methods, including the use of GIS. This paper presents the results of a project aimed at building an integrated system for the management and study of archaeological data in 2D and 3D, connecting GIS to BIM. Building Information Modeling (BIM) is an innovative technology developed for architectural design and planning, and later adapted for cultural heritage and historic buildings (HBIM). More recently, it has been tested on archaeological sites. Some attempts have been made to connect landscape scale GIS projects with BIM models of individual buildings. However, these have not been applied specifically to archaeology thus far. Through the use of open-source software, a seamless workflow from data collection in GIS to 3D visualization and modeling in a native OpenBIM environment has been created. The paper illustrates this methodology with a case study about Altinum, a Roman city in northeastern Italy near Venice. The GIS component of the project manages the archaeological map of the city, while the OpenBIM application allows the virtual reconstruction of the sites. For the latter, the case of the ancient city-gate of Altinum is considered and explained.
A SCAN-TO-BIM PROCESS FOR THE MONITORING AND CONSERVATION OF THE ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE: INTEGRATION OF THEMATIC INFORMATION IN A HBIM MODEL
Authors: Ferro A. , Lo Brutto M. , Ventimiglia G. M.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Conservation actions often challenge traditional planned conservation tools, especially when referring to the management of data relating to the existing building heritage due to the huge amount of information to be acquired and archived. In response to this requirement, the Building Information Modelling (BIM) process, applied to historical buildings as Historical-BIM (HBIM), could be an effective solution for integrating different types of data concerning not only the geometric features but also useful qualitative information in conservation and preservation works (i.e. the type of materials, construction techniques, the presence of degradation and instability, intervention techniques, etc.). Although the BIM process has reached a considerable level of maturity, several aspects related to the application of the method to existing structures through the Scan-to-BIM process require further research; particularly the need to find suitable approaches to integrate, manage and store thematic information. The article describes the work carried out in the case study of Villa Castelnuovo, an eighteenth-century architectural building located in Palermo (Italy), in which, starting from an integrated survey, it was possible to generate an HBIM model to support all the phases concerning preventive maintenance, long-term redevelopment and management of the architectural asset. The research focused mainly on the modelling and information integration phases, developing a procedure applicable to different contexts for storing, managing and analysing the external façade decay necessary for documenting and monitoring the architectural heritage.
DIGITAL TWIN TO MONITOR, UNDERSTAND AND PRESERVE THE COMPLEXITY OF MULTI-SCALE NATURAL, AGRICULTURAL, DESIGNED LANDSCAPES AND ARCHITECTURE: BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION, TRANSFORMATION AND DECLINE AT VILLA ARCONATI SITE AT CASTELLAZZO OF BOLLATE (MI)
Authors: Gabriele M. , Cazzani A. , Zerbi C. M. , Brumana R.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Digital Twin is conceived as a tool designed to monitor the effects of climate change and human activity on a global scale by integrating Earth Observation with local information. When applied to Cultural Heritage and built environment, this concept requires a detailed analysis to decode the richness of sites and context, highlighting specific local features. This paper aims to contribute to the preservation of the complexity of natural, agricultural, and designed landscapes, including the architectural scale. The case study is the Villa Arconati site in Castellazzo of Bollate, in the metropolitan-peri-urban area of Milan, which is a monumental 16th Century complex, with a significant historical and cultural value and an exceptional green biomass resource in a densely built area. The analysis is carried out at two scales, which complement each other: (i) an environmental-scale study that uses historical maps and the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) analysis from the last two decades to monitor biodiversity transformations and highlight the level of conservation; (ii) a local-scale multi-sensor survey, which uses experimental equipment, such as a spherical camera, to extract 3D vegetation models - referred to historical views - to set conservation criteria of the landscape layout. The multi-temporal-scale analysis helps to define sustainable future management practices (such as FAR and PAS) and raises awareness among the community and the visitors about the importance of preserving both the historical and architectural value and the site’s biodiversity.
A RAPID PIPELINE FOR PERIODIC INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE OF ARCHITECTURAL SURFACES
Authors: Galantucci R. A. , Lasorella M. , De Fino M.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The contribution fits into the framework of Digital Heritage, within the diagnostic process, leading up to restoration. Control and monitoring of architectural heritage are still open topics, with respect to requirements as simplicity, non-invasiveness and cost-effectiveness of both procedures and equipment. A peculiar gap concerns the accessibility to the artefact, which could be compromised by bad state of preservation, poor hygienic/sanitary conditions, or unsafe post-emergency circumstances, as well as by considerable extent, complex morphology, or incidental access conditions, due to the simultaneous presence of multiple working groups.In recent years, literature is moving towards an optimization of the investigation phases, by implementing digital technologies for the acquisition, elaboration and interpretation of 2D/3D data, to assess the state of conservation of a building or its main components. Besides, digital image processing and artificial intelligence are progressively rationalizing the analysis of the collected data. Furthermore, easy common devices, like spherical cameras or smartphones, have been introduced for the virtual reconstruction and representation of architectural environments, with the purpose of assessing their morphology and conditions. However, there is still an absence of harmonized standard procedures.To address these issues, the paper proposes a rapid pipeline, involving easy-to-use devices and expeditious procedures, to remotely assess, quantify, and monitor the extension of surface decay of historical buildings. A workflow based on the use of 360° images and videogrammetry has been defined and tested on a representative case study, both for its cultural value and for its limited accessibility, demonstrating a great suitability to the topic.
IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF THE FOYER OF THE NATIONAL THEATER OF COSTA RICA AS PART OF THE METHODOLOGICAL STRATEGY FOR THE THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELING OF THE FUTURE DIGITAL TWIN
Authors: Hernández-Salazar I. , Bulgarelli-Bolaños J. P.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. This paper summarizes the first results of the third specific objective of the research project: Digital Twin (DT) as a management tool for the programmed conservation plan (PCP), case study: Foyer and Smokers of the National Theater of Costa Rica (TNCR, by its Spanish acronym), developed with the support of the Vice Rectory of Research and Extension of the Technological Institute of Costa Rica. This objective aims to integrate graphic, non-graphic and linked information from the diagnostic stages of the PCP, through three-dimensional modeling, for the definition of conservation actions and future visualization of the DT. However, prior to modeling it was necessary to understand the composition of the structural system of the first body of the TNCR.The project has the information of the building systematized in documents and plans, both original and from subsequent studies and interventions, as well as a three-dimensional model made in 2021. However, there is no "as built" information after the construction or the interventions that have been carried out; in addition, the structural information of foundations, mezzanines and roofs is not integrated with the ornamental and pictorial information; that is, prior to this research there was no precise documentation of the structural elements that make up the study area and that support the heritage with artistic value of the building. Therefore, this paper presents the work carried out between June 2022 and March 2023 to identify and characterize the components of the Foyer and Smokers of the TNCR, using non-invasive techniques.
STRUCTURAL ASSESSMENT OF STONE-ARCH BRIDGES THROUGH PHOTOGRAMMETRY
Authors: Kotoulas L. , Melidis L. , Giannaris I. , Stylianidis E. , Katakalos K. , Manos G.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The present study examines the structural assessment of Pashas bridge, located at the Western Makedonia, in Greece. This stone arched bridge, which is declared cultural heritage monument, was built during the end of 17th century and it was destructed during the 2nd civil war, in 1941 by British and New Zealander soldiers aiming to end the German invasion to the South of Greece. It was considered the largest bridge in Macedonia, with a length of more than 100 meters, 6 arches, the biggest one of which was almost 15 meters high. In its current form it is partially collapsed.
A REVIEW OF THE CULTURAL HERITAGE LINKED OPEN DATA ONTOLOGIES AND MODELS
Authors: Liu F. , Hindmarch J. , Hess M.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. In recent years, there has been a trend towards synergies among cultural heritage institutions, such as GLAM (Galleries, Libraries, Archives & Museums) collaborations in the field of information resource management. These institutions have been actively promoting the construction of digital humanities projects. Such projects primarily target data resource construction and digital humanities services, which are in line with the service functions of GLAM institutions. With the development of networking and digitisation, museums have been making more prominent contributions to knowledge sharing and dissemination.Digital technology has brought about profound changes in the academic research environment. The expansion of traditional research and the emergence of new questions in the digital environment have promoted novel perspectives, thinking, and methods. With the increase in digitisation of cultural heritage, the scale of data has grown rapidly, and the types of data available have been continuously enriched, from knowledge aggregation to knowledge organization and even knowledge transmission. Therefore, it is necessary to examine the tools of digital humanities, which constitute an important means of knowledge production, and to work with traditional GLAM institutions to promote digital thinking and interdisciplinary knowledge integration methods. At the technical level, methods such as knowledge graphs and ontologies are used to construct a multi-layered and systematic knowledge system. This paper presents a review focused on three cultural heritage models, CIDOC CRM, Europeana and the Sampo Model, and reflects on three aspects of the current models: technical framework construction, digital resources, and service systems.
PRESERVING THE HISTORY OF AFRICAN AMERICAN EDUCATION: DIGITAL DOCUMENTATION OF ROSENWALD SCHOOLS – A CASE STUDY ON THE TANKERSLEY SCHOOL IN HOPE HULL, ALABAMA, USA
Authors: Liu J. , Bird G. , Willkens D. S. , Burt R. A. , McGonagill H.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Established across the American South between 1917 and 1932, Rosenwald Schools were crucial for providing education to African American children during segregation. Now, many of these structures are abandoned and deteriorating, in urgent need of digital documentation and preservation. This paper introduces an innovative approach for using Matterport technology to capture immersive virtual tours and enhance Heritage Building Information Modeling (HBIM) with high-resolution imagery. The Tankersley Rosenwald School in Hope Hull, Alabama serves as the case study. Additionally, this paper features traditional Reality Capture techniques, such as Terrestrial Laser Scanning and aerial photogrammetry, in combination with Matterport technology to create a detailed HBIM model of the historic school. This model enables architectural and structural analysis, informing suitable stabilization, conservation, and restoration strategies. It also acts as a powerful visualization tool, allowing stakeholders to safely examine the school's architectural, structural, and historical aspects. The virtual tour produced through Matterport provides valuable data for developing an accurate HBIM model in Revit, leading to more effective conservation approaches. The integration of these technologies showcases the potential for digital preservation of built heritage and emphasizes the importance of innovative methods in cultural heritage documentation. By digitally preserving these historically significant schools, this research supports the conservation and restoration of a vital aspect of African American educational history and raises awareness of their cultural importance.
The higher relative concentration of K+ to Na+ in saline water improves soil hydraulic conductivity, salt-leaching efficiency and structural stability
Authors: Yan Sihui , Zhang Tibin , Zhang Binbin , Zhang Tonggang , Cheng Yu , Wang Chun , Luo Min , Feng Hao , Siddique Kadambot H. M.
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Soil salinity and sodicity caused by saline water irrigation are widely
observed globally. Clay dispersion and swelling are influenced by sodium
(Na+) concentration and electrical conductivity (EC) of soil solution.
Specifically, soil potassium (K+) also significantly affects soil
structural stability, but for which concern was rarely addressed in previous
studies or irrigation practices. A soil column experiment was carried out to
examine the effects of saline water with different relative concentrations
of K+ to Na+ (K+ / Na+), including K+ / Na+ of 0:1
(K0Na1), 1:1 (K1Na1) and 1:0 (K1Na0) at a constant EC (4 dS m−1), and
deionized water as the control (CK), on soil physicochemical properties. The
results indicated that at the constant EC of 4 dS m−1, the infiltration
rate and water content were significantly (P<0.05) affected by
K+ / Na+ values, and K0Na1, K1Na1 and K1Na0 significantly (P<0.05) reduced saturated hydraulic conductivity by 43.62 %, 29.04 % and
18.06 %, respectively, compared with CK. The volumetric water content was
significantly (P<0.05) higher in K0Na1 than CK at both 15 and 30 cm soil depths. K1Na1 and K1Na0 significantly (P<0.05) reduced the
desalination time and required leaching volume. K0Na1 and K1Na1 reached the
desalination standard after the fifth and second infiltration, respectively,
as K1Na0 did not exceed the bulk electrical conductivity required for
the desalination prerequisite throughout the whole infiltration cycle at 15 cm
soil layer. Furthermore, due to the transformation of macropores into
micropores spurred by clay dispersion, soil total porosity in K0Na1
dramatically decreased compared with CK, and K1Na0 even increased the
proportion of soil macropores. The higher relative concentration of K+
to Na+ in saline water was more conducive to soil aggregate stability,
alleviating the risk of macropores reduction caused by sodicity.
AWI-ICENet1: A convolutional neural network retracker for ice altimetry
Authors: Helm Veit , Dehghanpour Alireza , Hänsch Ronny , Loebel Erik , Horwath Martin , Humbert Angelika
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The Greenlandic and Antarctic Ice Sheet are important indicators of climate change and major contributors to sea level rise. Hence, precise, long-term observations of surface elevation change are required to assess changes and their contribution to sea level rise. Satellite radar altimetry has been used by various missions to measure surface elevation change since 1992. It has been shown that, next to the surface slope and complex topography, one of the most challenging issues is the spatial and temporal variability of radar pulse penetration into the snow pack, especially over the vast East Antarctic plateau. This results in an inaccurate measurement of the true surface elevation and consequently affects surface elevation change (SEC) estimates. To increase the accuracy of surface elevations retrieved by retracking the radar return waveform and thus reduce the uncertainty in SEC, we developed a deep convolutional neural network architecture (AWI-ICENet1). The AWI-ICENet1 is trained using a simulated reference data set with 3.8 million waveforms, taking into account different surface slopes, topography, and attenuation. The successfully trained network is finally applied as AWI-ICENet1-retracker to the full time series of CryoSat-2 Low Resolution Mode (LRM) waveforms over both ice sheets. We compare the AWI-ICENet1 retrieved SEC with estimates of conventional retrackers like TFMRA and ESA ICE1 and ESA ICE2 products. Our results show less uncertainty and a greatly diminished effect of time variable radar penetration, reducing the need to apply corrections based on a close relationship with backscatter- and/or leading edge width, as typically done in SEC processing. This technique provides new opportunities to utilize convolutional neural networks in altimetry, waveform retracking, and processing of satellite altimetry data, which can be applied to historical, recent, and future missions.
Problematizar la identidad. La mirada de la mujer transgresora y la construcción de la feminidad en Ekomo de María Nsué Angüe
Authors: Roda Sánchez Mar
Published: June 2023

El presente artículo propone un análisis sobre la problemática de la identidad de la mujer negra africana, considerada en una doble posición de lo subalterno al estar atravesada por la condición de raza y género. Para ello, analizará la transgresión en el personaje de Nnanga, protagonista de la novela Ekomo (1985) de María Nsué Angüe, con el fin de constatar cómo la literatura guineo-ecuatoriana construye en el texto un espacio propiamente africano y femenino..
A Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC) e o Currículo Catarinense: travessias perigosas na luta contra as desigualdades sociais
Authors: Tedesco Anderson Luiz , Picoli Bruno Antonio , Fávero Altair Alberto , Trevisol Marcio Giusti
Published: June 2023

Este artigo tem como objetivo refletir sobre os desafios sociais ocorridos a partir da implementação da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (BNCC), como uma política pública que assume, em sua proposição, o combate às desigualdades sociais na construção dos currículos dos estados no território brasileiro. A reflexão problematiza o processo e a construção do Currículo (agora homologado), do Ensino Médio da área das Ciências Humanas e Sociais Aplicadas de Santa Catarina. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, de natureza qualitativa do tipo bibliográfico com coleta de dados participante e documental. Os resultados indicaram fragilidades na construção do currículo nos aspectos que constituem uma perspectiva de formação humana: crítica, ética e integral dos jovens catarinenses. Conclui-se que, da forma como foi construído, o texto do currículo do Estado de Santa Catarina, do Ensino Médio da área de Ciências Humanas e Sociais Aplicadas, a ênfase do processo educacional se sustentou em lógicas neoliberais, de competição e de meritocracia, que, nesta leitura, amplificam as desigualdades sociais do território catarinense.
Modern criteria of typology of legal systems
Authors: Postu Ion , Rusnac Veronica
Published: June 2023

This article deals with two modern typology criteria of legal systems, which have been widely recognized in the Western academic literature – the criterion of style and the criterion of law as a means of social organization. The Zweigert-Kötz taxonomy came to serve as the basis for the empirical literature that sought to establish the economic consequences of legal institutions. And the taxonomy proposed by Ugo Mattei tries to be impartial, without prejudicing states that have a different understanding of law, different from the Western tradition. The authors finally highlight the type of civil law, the type of common law, the type of religious law and the type of philosophically inspired law.
Judicial control of criminal prosecution in the second degree of jurisdiction – controversies and regulatory opportunities
Authors: Osoianu Tudor , Ostavciuc Dinu
Published: June 2023

The authors operate theoretical interpretations of the rules of procedure applied by the investigating judges, as well as by the courts that exercise judicial control of the criminal investigation in the second degree of jurisdiction. The judicial control of the prejudicial procedure is carried out not only by the investigating judge, but also by the judges of the specialized panels of the appeal courts, who examine the appeals filed against the decisions of the investigating judges in the cases provided for by law. It was equally sought to ensure the balance between the general public interest of effective investigation of crimes, on the one hand, and on the other hand, the respect of the fundamental rights and freedoms of all persons, who were willingly/nolently brought into the sphere of criminal justice. It is opted for the revision of the procedure of judicial control of the criminal prosecution primarily through legislation. In this sense, it is proposed that a separate article regulates the written rule procedure for examining the appeal on all conclusions pronounced by the investigating judge during the investigation, apart from those expressly indicated in art. 311 CPC.
Contentious nature of cases concerning international child abduction
Authors: Doni Valentina
Published: June 2023

This article constitutes a scientific research which examines the content of which the contentious nature of cases concerning international child abduction is examined. The presence of disputes is eminent in cases concerning the return or exercise of the right of access to the child due to the contrary interests of the persons in whose care the child due to the contrary interests of the persons in whose care the child is located. Is this endeavor, it is highlighted the need to ensure a balance between the best interests of the child an the rights of their parents. Through the research carried out, conclusions and recommendations were formulated that can be useful for possible legislative changes.
Reconstruction of the education plan from the perspective of the implementation of key competences in the educational process
Authors:   Institutul de Cercetare, Inovare și Transfer Tehnologic, Universitatea Pedagogică de Stat ", Maria HADÎRCĂ ,   Ion Creangă",   , Chișinău, Ana (VIVDICI) ȚÎBULEAC
Published: June 2023

The article argues for the need to reconceptualize a new educational plan in order to adjust it to the educational objectives established at the policy level, presents the premises that support this pedagogical approach, and introduces some conceptual ideas regarding the possibilities of developing the respective document from the perspective of key competencies, aimed at ensuring the efficiency of learning and the implementation of competencies at the educational process level.
The self-image formation of students the primary classes in the process of receptivity the literary text
Authors:   Universitatea Pedagogică de Stat ", IRINA Elena-Roxana ,   Ion Creangă",   , Chișinău
Published: June 2023

This article presents the analysis of the ascertainment experiment, reflected in the test applied to 3rd and 4th grade students in the Republic of Moldova and Romania, within the research on the formation of the self-image of primary school students in the process of receiving the literary text. 3rd and 4th grades students from Romania and the Republic of Moldova completed a test with items based on a literary text, with answers that focused on the level of reception of the reproductive, productive or creative literary text, in order to identify the level of reception of the prevailing literary text and establish the methods to be applied in order to form the self-image of the students in the process of receiving the literary text.
Determination of the cumulative properties of the new drug Amoxiyantar
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education ", Udavliev D.I. ,   Moscow State University of Food Production",   (ROSBIOTECH) Russia, Engashev S.V. ,   "Scientific Implementation Center Agrovetzashchita" Russia, Engasheva E.S. ,   All-Russian Research Institute of Veterinary Sanitation, Hygiene and Center VIEV RAS "Russia, Khlebalina A.S. ,   "All-Russian Research Veterinary Institute of Poultry" (VNIVIP) - a branch of the Federal Scientific Center "All-Russian Scientific and Technological Institute of Poultry" VNITIP Russia, Lunegov A.M. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine, Russia
Published: June 2023

The article presents data on the cumulative properties of the drug Amoxiantar on laboratory outbred mice. The cumulation coefficient was 0.5. From this it follows that the drug Amoxianatr has cumulative properties.
A percepção de professores acerca da prática educativa, à luz da perspectiva pedagógica freiana: a Escola Estadual de Ensino Fundamental e Médio João Lelys em Livramento-PB em questão.
Authors:   , Katiany Silva Maria
Published: June 2023

Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar e analisar nas práticas educativas de professores da Escola Estadual de Ensino Fundamental e Médio João Lelys do município de livramento PB, elementos indicadores da pedagogia freiriana, destacando a pertinência dessa perspectiva no contexto escolar deste município. Para isso foi feito uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa por meio da utilização da técnica da entrevista. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram professores da referida escola. Com relação à fundamentação teórica, o nosso trabalho se apoiou na obra de Paulo Freire, principalmente, com destaque para o seu livro “Pedagogia da autonomia: saberes necessários à prática educativa”. Como resultados, percebemos que a visão que os sujeitos desta pesquisa tem sobre as práticas educativas apresenta alguns traços da teoria freiriana, como a busca de metodologia adequada para o ensino, considerando às necessidades dos alunos; a valorização da formação para atuar de forma mais qualificada e consequente; o conhecimento sobre o perfil dos alunos; um olhar crítico sobre o currículo. Mas, percebemos alguns posicionamentos esvaziados de sentido político-pedagógico a respeito do que se pensa sobre a prática educativa, sem um mínimo de aprofundamento, passando uma impressão de falta de conhecimento sobre essa questão, assim como sobre a contribuição que a obra de Freire pode oferecer para o campo da educação. Percebemos que a obra de Freire poderia ser melhor divulgada e fazer parte da formação de professores, já que a sua obra tem muito a oferecer.
Seleção de indicadores ambientais para a região do semiárido.
Authors:   , Vasconcelos da Silva Juliane
Published: June 2023

O presente estudo tem por objetivo selecionar indicadores ambientais para avaliar o desenvolvimento sustentável do semiárido brasileiro. Para atender esse objetivo, tomou-se como base os Indicadores de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (IDS) proposto pelo IBGE, por ser um conjunto estruturado de informações de abrangências nacional, cobrindo um variado leque de temas ambientais de grande relevância na sociedade. Para a seleção dos indicadores foram utilizados também os critérios propostos pelo OCDE (PSR), que representa o modelo de indicadores ambientais adotado pelo Brasil. A relevância deste estudo na seleção de um conjunto de indicadores que pudesse levar em consideração todas as características da região do seminários. Com a aplicação dessa metodologia o estudo mostrou-se um importante ponto de partida para o desenvolvimento de outras iniciativas, visando a criação de uma ferramenta para avaliar a questão ambiental da região do semiárido, que possa ser utilizada para subsidiar políticas públicas direcionadas para a degradação ambiental desta região, cujas fontes são bastante particulares.