bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation of Left Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Facial Emotion Recognition and Clinical Symptoms of Boys with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Nazari Giti , Mousavi Masumeh , Sadeghi-Firoozabadi Vahid
Published: June 2023

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with a deficit in communication and social skills, stereotypical and repetitive patterns of behaviors, interests, and activities. The gold standard treatment, behavioral therapy, imposes a great cost on families, and its efficacy depends on the life stage at which the therapy is started. As an alternative treatment, the efficacy and safety of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) have been investigated in different patient groups; however, its efficacy on facial emotion recognition (FER) has not been investigated in children with ASD. Objectives: We investigated the effectiveness of anodal tDCS of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) in FER and clinical symptoms of children with ASD. Methods: Twenty-four boys with ASD were selected from a school in Tehran, Iran. The eligible participants were randomized to receive the intervention (15 minutes of electrical stimulation) or not (20 seconds with device-off; control group). The emotion recognition task and autism treatments evaluation checklist (ATEC) were evaluated before and after the intervention and compared using the mixed ANOVA test. Results: Eleven boys in each group completed the study. The groups were similar regarding mean age, ASD severity, and intelligence quotient. The interactive effect of group and time was significant on both scales (emotion recognition task and ATEC). Conclusions: Anodal tDCS of DLPFC is an effective therapeutic method for specific behaviors, including FER, in school-aged boys with ASD. Further studies are required to suggest this treatment as a safe and effective strategy in children with ASD.
Application of Cosmos’s law of Merge and Split for Data Encryption
Authors:   Department of Computer Science and Applications, NSHM College of Management and Technology, Kolkata, 700053, India, Pal Sanjay Kr. , Chakraborty Nupur
Published: June 2023

Sharing of data is always a crucial job in the world of data technology, where data are perceived as useful resources for generating significant information for taking notable decisions or for doing interpretation. On the basis of impact factor associated with the information, sharing and storage of data demands security. Sharing of large extent of textual sensitive data contained in a file needs a way of hidings their direct decipherment. Due to the size related restriction associated with steganography we always promote cryptography for sharing large amount of sensitive data. In this paper we have proposed an encryption technique with time complexity of O(1) that exploits the dynamic node fusion property of graph theory. We are applying the rule of cosmos which reveals that the entire cosmos relies on the conception of data hiding. Each time billions of particles merges to form a new structure and again splits, gets distributed and again follows the same process of hiding and disclosing the hidden truth in a cyclic manner. Following this logic we have proposed a dynamic layered encryption technique that will be completely able to resist the illicit actions of intruders with low computational efforts as well as it reduces the network load on packet transmission. In future with the successive increase in the processing power and requirements we can easily intensify the capacity of the proposed technique.
Water and nutrient fluxes from three coastal Mediterranean Rivers (N-E Algeria)
Authors: Noureddine BOUCHAREB
Published: June 2023

The objectives of the present study were to estimate water delivery and dissolved nutrients loads (nitrogen N, phosphorus P and silicates Si) from three minors coastal rivers (about 14% of Algerian coastal watersheds). Freshwater flow dissolved inorganic nitrogen DIN (NH4, NO3 and NO2), dissolved organic nitrogen DON, dissolved inorganic phosphorus DIP, phosphate (PO4), dissolved organic phosphorus DOP and silicates SiO4 were measured monthly at River outlet in the year 2011. The rivers were characterized by high values of ammonia (NH4) and phosphate (PO4) which reveal the dominance of organic and domestic pollutions. In contrast, values of SiO4 were very low and will be in relation to the retention in dams. Dissolved nitrogen loads varied considerably from 43 to 227 kg/km²/y where DON formed 20 to 40%. Loads of total dissolved phosphorus (TDP) fluctuated in the range of 20- 80 kg/km²/y in which the organic fraction forms largely dominated (51 to 74%). At River outlets, the loading ratio of nutrients (Si: N: P) were altered by agricultural and household wastes. Here, Si:N and N:P mass ratios ranged from 3-6 and 10-20 respectively, indicating large N and P inputs. These biogeochemical conditions would induce deep impacts on the ecology and the productivity of the adjacent coastal waters.
Anticoagulant Activities of Centaurea macrocephala L.
Authors: Sara HIMOUR
Published: June 2023

Our study is based on the biological activities of the plant Centaurea macrocephala L., from the Mechtat Seraghna in the wilaya of Mila (Algeria).This work consists to study the anticoagulant activity of the extracts of the seeds and leaves of Centaurea macrocephala L., obtained by maceration in the solvent of ethanol. The extraction yield showed values between31% for the leaves and 25% for the seeds. The anticoagulant activity was evaluated by the testof prothrombin levels (TP) and the blood of a normal man, the results obtained indicate avery important anticoagulant activity of the two extracts on the exogenous pathway of coagulation (TQ of 47,26 s in the leaves and 29,23s for the seeds).
Ethnobotanic study of medicinal plants in the Guerbes-Sanhadja wetland complex (North East of Algeria)
Authors: Abdelouahab BELAIDI
Published: June 2023

In order to inventory the medicinal flora and preserve the phytotherapeutic knowledge of the Guerbes-Sanhadja wetland complex, this study was undertaken on the basis of a sample made up of 400 users of medicinal plants, the majority of whom are aged between 40 and 60 years old, married, illiterate and unemployed or farmers. The analysis of the questionnaires allowed the census of 102 species with a clear predominance of Myrtus communis L. (158 citations), the results obtained have shown that the most used part of the plant is the leaf (58.25%). In addition, the decoction is the most used preparation method (52.28%). As for the diseases treated, gastrointestinal disorders dominate with the use of 59 species. Finally, the calculation of some ethnobotanical parameters allowed us to observe the wide use of Pistacia lentiscus L. (UV = 1.15), the specificity of Eucalyptus globulus Labill. to treat respiratory diseases (FL = 100%) and thus the consensus of users with respect to the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases (ICF = 0.91).
Abdullah Abi Heif's opinion on the computerization of the Arabic lexicon
Authors: Ammar Bechiri
Published: June 2023

The article aims to clarify the importance of lexicon computing in the fields of computational linguistics, as it serves the various sciences and knowledge in developed countries, in the contemporary world, as the computer provides great services for linguistic and literary research by helping to prepare blog dictionaries, and what is meant by blog dictionaries are: All lexical works Which are based on the lexical setting of the sum of words contained in a specific text.
Modern technologies and their role in the educational process
Authors: Boulakhsaim Tarek
Published: June 2023

Educational institutions, both governmental and private, tend to find and provide effective means to help students learn more easily  The modern teaching methods include computers, CD-ROMs, the Internet; and the audio-visual media. This paper is an attempt to highlight the importance of these techniques and their different means, and thus their impact on the development of the skills of the teacher and learner, To develop an educational system that follows the steps of the organization, using the potential provided by technology, in order to achieve educational and humanitarian goals.
The Influence of Constructivist Strategies in Writing the Foreign Language on the Learners Achievements at Higher Secondary Level
Authors: Abdul Khaliq  , Shazia Aziz  , Muzammila Akram  , Waqas Mahmood
Published: June 2023

Ideas which are built without having any prior knowledge of the subject is not really wrong but called alternative, pre or original  concepts. The present study was designed to diagnose alternative conceptions, to discover the best possible reasons behind those alternative conceptions and develop teaching learning constructivist strategies to overcome those alternative conceptions. Moreover, the effectiveness of proposed constructive strategies was found in writing the second language at secondary level. The present research used sequentially exploratory mixed method with the intervention of experimental research design. This research consisted on two phases. In phase-1 grounded theory was used to determine the alternative conception and their reasons in writing the second language at secondary level. The researcher used diagnostic test, diagnostic test interview as research tool in phas-1. In phase-11, pre-test post-test control group design was used. Furthermore, qualitative observation of experimental group was done. Test was used to diagnose alternative conceptions and how they develop. Qualitative data was analyzed by using Cresswell content analysis approach. Quantitative data was analyzed by using SPSS software. Findings of phase-1 were used to develop constructivist strategies to overcome those alternative conceptions. Findings of phase-11 proved that proposed constructivist strategies were effective to overcome the alternative conceptions in writing second language learning process.
Prozessreife: Basis einer erfolgreichen Digitalisierung
Authors:   Gemsensprung GmbH, Hierzer Rupert
Published: June 2023

Reifegradmodelle können zur Bewertung von Prozessen eingesetzt werden. Sie vermitteln ein Maß für die Effektivität und Effizienz eines Prozesses und beziehen sich darauf, wie gut ein Prozess definiert, implementiert, gelebt und überwacht wird und wie gut er die an ihn gerichteten Erwartungen und Anforderungen erfüllt. Je höher der Reifegrad, desto ausgereifter ist der Prozess.
Appreciating the transcultural in music gesture diversities and stage directing in Kenyan choral music
Authors: Wafula Mukasa Situma
Published: June 2023

Choral conducting/directorship is an artistic praxis that continues to generate varied opinions and positions. Whereas in the Western world, the praxis is clearly defined, it is not the case in Kenya. It is common that whenever a choir appears on stage, questions of whether the conductor directed the choir appropriately, was overt, or lacked certain and/or requisite gesticulations arise.  Consequently, some musicians show that the art ought to follow Western ideals of conducting. Others raise the need for it to be more liberated so that other directorship ideals are employed besides the Western ones. A third school of thought, however, think(s) that every artiste ought to generate their own unique directing/conducting mannerisms based on the music being performed, devoid of any restrictions. Based on the three positions, it is not clear what determines/influences conducting/directorship ideals in the Kenyan choral-art (music combining both African and Western elements) music scene. Whether it is the music being performed, the performer, or the culture that informs the praxis. This paper responds to the preceding concerns by analyzing the nature of choral-art music that is performed in Kenya based on a field study that made use of ethnographic approaches in the Kenya Music Festival 2017 edition. Among other issues, the paper demonstrates how gestures and other music traditions could be possible influences for conducting manifestations. Moreover, the paper provides insight into how conducting as visual culture and/or gesture enhances music meaning and, therefore, the need to appreciate its diversified approach as well as practice, in the transculturally negotiated choral space.
การประเมินการใช้ใบอ้อยเป็นแหล่งพลังงานทดแทน
Authors:   , เทพบุตร วรภพ
Published: June 2023

การศึกษานี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาแนวทางการนำใบอ้อยสดไปใช้ประโยชน์ โดยนำไปผลิตเป็นเชื้อเพลิงชีวมวลเพื่อผลิตกระแสไฟฟ้าหรือจะแปรรูปเป็นเชื้อเพลิงอัดเม็ด วิเคราะห์ผลกระทบทางสิ่งแวดล้อมและเปรียบเทียบความคุ้มค่าจากการลงทุนในเทคโนโลยีการผลิตไฟฟ้าจากใบอ้อย  ของโรงไฟฟ้าชีวมวล ระหว่างเทคโนโลยีเผาไหม้ใบอ้อยโดยตรงและแปรรูปใบอ้อยเป็นเชื้อเพลิงอัดเม็ดเปรียบเทียบกับการใช้ชานอ้อยเป็นเชื้อเพลิง จากการศึกษาพบว่าทั้ง 2 ระบบมีการใช้ต้นทุนเชื้อเพลิงและการขนส่งที่แตกต่างกัน โดยเมื่อวิเคราะห์ข้อมูลต้นทุนและผลวิเคราะห์จากการลงทุนทั้ง 2 ระบบ พบว่าการลงทุนเทคโนโลยีผลิตพลังงานไฟฟ้ารูปแบบการนำใบอ้อยไปเผาไหม้โดยตรงร่วมกับชานอ้อยที่อัตราส่วน 1:1 จะได้รับผลตอบแทนสูงกว่าและคืนทุนได้เร็วกว่ารูปแบบการแปรรูปเป็นเชื้อเพลิงอัดเม็ดร่วมกับชานอ้อยที่อัตราส่วน 1:1 โดยระบบการเผาไหม้ใบอ้อยโดยตรงมีมูลค่าปัจจุบันสุทธิ (NPV) 184.01 ล้านบาท ระยะเวลาคืนทุน (Payback Period) 6.07 ปี ซึ่งใกล้เคียงดับการใช้ชานอ้อยอย่างเดียวที่มีมูลค่าปัจจุบันสุทธิ 126.28 ล้านบาท และระยะเวลาคืนทุน (Payback Period) 6.3 ปี ส่วนระบบแปรรูปเป็นเชื้อเพลิงอัดเม็ดพบว่าไม่คุ้มค่าการลงทุน แต่ผลกระทบต่อสิ่งแวดล้อมน้อยกว่าแบบเผาไหม้โดยตรง ทั้งปริมาณฝุ่นและขี้เถ้าที่ลดลง อีกทั้งความหนาแน่นที่สูงขึ้นทำให้ง่ายต่อการขนส่งและเก็บรักษา
การศึกษาปัจจัยความสำเร็จในการสร้างโรงไฟฟ้าพลังงานแสงอาทิตย์ในพื้นที่จังหวัดกระบี่
Authors:   , จันทร์น้อย กานต์
Published: June 2023

ปัจจุบันพลังงานเป็นสิ่งที่มีความสำคัญต่อระบบเศรษฐกิจและการดำเนินชีวิต เนื่องจากเป็นพื้นฐานในทุกด้าน ทั้งทางด้านเศรษฐกิจ สังคม การเมือง และอื่นๆ ทั้งนี้ แหล่งพลังงานมีการเปลี่ยนแปลงไปจากในอดีต โดยเป็นแหล่งที่ต้องอาศัย เทคโนโลยีในการผลิตมากยิ่งขึ้น เช่น จากน้ำมันปิโตรเลียมไปเป็นพลังงานแสงอาทิตย์ และพลังงานลม เป็นต้น และในพื้นที่ภาคใต้เป็นพื้นที่ที่มีความเสี่ยงต่อความมั่นคงต่อการใช้พลังงาน เนื่องจากมีการต่อต้านการก่อสร้างโรงไฟฟ้าพลังงานความร้อนเป็นจำนวนมาก จึงทำให้เป็นโอกาสในการก่อสร้างโรงไฟฟ้าพลังงานสะอาด เช่น โรงไฟฟ้าพลังงานแสงอาทิตย์ ถึงแม้ว่าในพื้นที่ภาคใต้จะมีฝนตกบ่อยครั้ง จึงทำให้เกิดความน่าสนใจในการศึกษาความเป็นไปได้ในการลงทุนก่อสร้างโรงไฟฟ้าพลังงานแสงอาทิตย์ในพื้นที่ภาคใต้ ผู้วิจัยจึงได้ศึกษาปัจจัยที่มีผลต่อความสำเร็จในการสร้างโรงงานผลิตไฟฟ้าด้วยพลังงานแสงอาทิตย์ในพื้นที่ภาคใต้เพื่อเป็นข้อมูลประกอบการออกนโยบายของภาครัฐ โดยเฉพาะจังหวัดกระบี่ เนื่องจากมีการต่อต้านการก่อสร้างโรงไฟฟ้าพลังงานความร้อนเป็นจำนวนมาก โดยได้ศึกษาค้นคว้าข้อมูลที่เกี่ยวข้องกับนโยบายของรัฐบาลที่เปิดการรับซื้อไฟฟ้าจากเชื้อเพลิงพลังงานแสงอาทิตย์ และงานวิจัยที่เกี่ยวข้อง รวมถึงต้นทุนการก่อสร้างโครงการโรงไฟฟ้าพลังงานแสงอาทิตย์ขนาด 5.00 เมกะวัตต์ แล้วนำมาวิเคราะห์ทางเศรษฐศาสตร์ (NPV, IRR) เพื่อหาความคุ้มค่าและปัจจัยความสำเร็จต่อโครงการดังกล่าว ซึ่งปัจจัยที่ได้นำมาวิเคราะห์ ไม่ว่าจะเป็นปัจจัยด้านราคา (เครื่องจักร,ค่าก่อสร้าง) ประสิทธิภาพของเครื่องจักร ความเข้มข้นของแสง (PVsyst) รวมถึงจำนวนวันต่อปีและชั่วโมงต่อวันที่สามารถผลิตไฟฟ้าได้ รวมถึงปัจจัยอื่นๆ ที่เกี่ยวข้อง (ภัยธรรมชาติ) ที่อาจจะส่งผลต่อความสำเร็จของโครงการดังกล่าว ผลปรากฏว่า ปัจจัยที่ได้นำมาวิเคราะห์ข้างต้นมิได้เป็นปัจจัยวิกฤตต่อโครงการแต่อย่างใด อย่างไรก็ตาม ผู้วิจัยพบว่าปัจจัยที่สำคัญที่สุดในการก่อสร้างโรงไฟฟ้าพลังงานแสงอาทิตย์ คือ นโยบายการรับซื้อของรัฐบาล (ราคาการรับซื้อไฟฟ้า) ทั้งนี้ ผู้วิจัยไม่นำปัจจัยทางด้านสิ่งแวดล้อมและปัจจัยทางด้านสังคมมาวิเคราะห์ในการศึกษาครั้งนี้
การใช้พลังงานและแนวคิดการออกแบบอาคารที่พักฉุกเฉินแบบถอดประกอบได้
Authors:   , แสงตัน สรรชัย
Published: June 2023

ความต้องการการใช้พลังงานในกรณีที่เกิดภัยพิบัติ เป็นปัจจัยสำคัญที่ส่งผลกระทบโดยตรงต่อผู้ประสบภัยพิบัติในพื้นที่ ดังนั้นงานวิจัยนี้จึงมีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อประเมินความต้องการการใช้พลังงานเฉลี่ย/คน/วัน ของผู้ประสบภัยพิบัติ โดยทำการศึกษางานวิจัยที่เกี่ยวข้องและออกแบบอาคารที่พักอาศัยสำเร็จรูปซึ่งติดตั้งระบบเซลล์แสงอาทิตย์โดยสามารถผลิตพลังงานเพื่อรองรับผู้ประสบภัยพิบัติ 60 คน วัสดุที่ใช้ในระบบประกอบอาคารเป็นวัสดุที่มีค่าการนำความร้อนต่ำและใช้พัดลมในการระบายอากาศ ผลการวิจัยพบว่า ปริมาณการใช้พลังงานต่อวันประมาณ 150 kWh เฉลี่ยการใช้พลังงาน 2.5 kWh/คน/วัน วัสดุประกอบอาคารใช้โฟมโพลียูรีเทนซึ่งมีค่าการนำความร้อนต่ำที่สุด คือ 0.024 W/m.K เมื่อเทียบกับวัสดุฉนวนชนิดอื่นๆ ใช้พัดลมขนาด 22 นิ้วในการระบายอากาศซึ่งมีอัตราการระบายอากาศในพื้นที่พักอาศัยชั่วคราว หรือ ห้องนอน 38,382 cfm และอัตราการระบายอากาศในห้องรับประทานอาหาร 102,353 cfm ซึ่งเป็นไปตามมาตรฐาน ASHRAE 62.1
The impact of ETF mechanics and the bank of Japan intervention on the intraday volatility of the underlying stocks
Authors:   , Jumroonwat Tharita
Published: June 2023

Due to their low trading costs and superior liquidity, exchange-traded funds (ETFs) attract short-term liquidity traders. The liquidity shocks can pass to the underlying securities through the ETF mechanism. ETF may therefore increase the non-fundamental volatility of the underlying stocks. I carry out the test daily which allows me to timely measure the high-frequency variable of arbitrage activity between Nikkei 225 ETFs and their components. I ﬁnd the consistent result with Ben-David et al. (2018) that stocks with higher ETF holding display signiﬁcantly higher volatility and the intensity of arbitrage activity, proxied by stock-level mispricing, magnifies the impact of ETFs on intraday volatility. In addition, I find that the sign of stock-level mispricing has a different impact on intraday volatility where the negative sign of net mispricing (ETFs are traded discounted) has less impact. This is because arbitrage treading involves higher costs. I further investigate the direct and indirect impact of BOJ ETFs purchase on intraday volatility. The evidence confirms the effectiveness of BOJ intervention as it could lower intraday volatility and reduce the impact of ETF arbitrage on stock price volatility. Moreover, during the COVID-19 pandemic, the effect of interest is lower because during the crisis, a market, in general, is illiquid. Hence, there is less intensity of ETF arbitrage and less volatility.
The market and specific sector stock prices reaction around corporate bond’s credit rating and outlook changes – evidence in Thailand
Authors:   , Sansanavanee Kittika
Published: June 2023

This study examines stock price reaction around credit rating and outlook changes in Thailand. We collect data from stocks listed in SET (The Stock Exchange of Thailand) which issued corporate bonds. These bonds must be listed in TBMA (The Thai Bond Market Association) and were rated by either Tris or Fitch rating Thailand between 2002-2020 (corporate bond credit rating and outlook change). We also study further about the effect of these credit rating events in 3 sectors of stock - Banking, Finance and Property Development. The empirical result shows that good credit events provide significant positive abnormal stock return after the announcement in both full sample (general stock) and 3 sectors sample, while bad credit event announcements do not provide any significant negative abnormal stock return. To precisely investigate the impact of credit event announcements, we add control variable to eliminate partially effect of other factors in our experiment. We found that cumulative abnormal return of stocks in 3 sectors is significantly greater than stocks in other sectors during good credit event announcements, but we did not find evidence that cumulative abnormal return of stocks in 3 sectors is lower than the cumulative abnormal return of stocks in other sectors during bad credit event announcements.
Option pricing using local volatility function: how to specify its knots?
Authors:   , Raweerojthanatt Wisuth
Published: June 2023

European options of an asset are priced following a continuous 1-factor diffusion model and the generalized Black-Scholes equation. Volatility knots are determined by many specifications that are the number and the location of knots at any stock price and time to expiration.  Considering the volatility knots as a set of decision variables, we can approximate the local volatility function with a bicubic spline function to compute option values fitted to a finite set of market data by solving a constrained nonlinear optimization problem. With the real market data of SET50 Index options, pricing accuracy of different knots’ specifications are demonstrated. The experiment in using a set of volatility knots to price options that are out of the calibrated dataset is also provided. The patterns of volatility surface that approximates option values sufficiently close to the market are illustrated.
Correlation between Short Stature with Serum Ferritin Levels in Major Beta-Thalassemia Patients at Kediri District General Hospital
Authors: Dwi Kartikasari Grafita , Ismail Chasan
Published: June 2023

In thalassemia, a lifelong sequence of blood transfusions leads to iron overload characterized by increased ferritin levels. Many factors, including iron overload may cause growth delay. High ferritin levels are believed to lead to short stature in children with thalassemia. This study aims to determine the correlation between short stature and ferritin levels in children with major beta thalassemia at Kediri District General Hospital. This research is an observational analytic with a cross-sectional design conducted on 17 subjects of beta thalassemia major patients at Pediatric Health Sciences (IKA) Kediri District General Hospital who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria in December 2022-January 2023. The measuring instrument used in this study was anthropometric status, explained through age stature, while the ferritin levels was obtained from the patient's medical record. Spearman's rank order correlation test was used in the analysis. There were 17 respondents, 82,36% children in short categories and 17,64% in normal categories. The Spearman correlation test has the p-value = 0.000 and r = -0,736. A strong negative correlation exists between short stature and ferritin levels in beta-thalassemia major patients at Kediri District General Hospital that means the higher ferritin levels, the higher incidence rate of short stature.
GAMBARAN MANUSKRIP AL-QUR’AN HJ. RIPPUN DI DESA PAMBUSUANG KABUPATEN POLEWALI MANDAR
Authors: SRIWATI IIN , Harlisa  , Syarif
Published: June 2023

The qualitative method is the method used in this study and is based on the result of direct observation and interviews. The main speakers are Syarkawi and Sya'rawi who are the next manuscript holder (son of Hj. Mul Azam). This research is also based on scientific research books and journals. Codcological and Philology studies are the approach used in this study. The physical condition of the manuscript is still fairly good. This study also revealed the aspects of Qira'at which was found that this manuscript uses Qira'at Imam 'Ashim and Ibn Kathir. The aspect of RASM's writing, it was found that Hj. Rippun's manuscript in Pambusuang followed the rules of Utsmani rasm writing compiled by Imam as-Suyuthi in the book of Al-Itqan Fi Ulum Al- Qur'an. Regarding the results of this manuscript study was taken from the history that was told directly from the descendants of the author so that this manuscript had no concrete evidence of the truth.. Looking at the other side, in this manuscript there are various illuminations, waqaf signs, juz and other symbols and regarding separators between verses no verse number is found so that it makes it a little difficult to determine the verse.
ASSESSESSMENT OF THE GROWTH OF SWEET POTATO OUTPUT AND YIELD IN NIGERIA (1970 – 2020) AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON FOOD PRODUCTION.
Authors: ABAH DANIEL
Published: June 2023

The study assessed the growth of sweet potato output and yield in Nigeria (1970 - 2020) and its implications on food production. The study basically relied on the use of time series data spanning from 1970 to 2020. Data on the variables for the study were collected from the archives of Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and World bank database. Data for this study were analyzed using both descriptive such as mean, maximum and minimum with trend graphs and inferential statistics such as Johansen co-integration, Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test, Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. The result of the trend model revealed that the coefficient for estimating the growth of sweet potato output was positive (0.103) and significant at 1% with an accelerated pattern of growth; the coefficient for estimating the growth of sweet potato yield was negative (-0.033) and significant at 1% with a decelerated pattern of growth while the coefficient for estimating the growth of sweet potato yield was positive (0.0369) and significant at 1% with an accelerated growth pattern. The compound growth rates of sweet potato output, yield and food production was 10.88%, -3.31% and 3.76% respectively. The result of the Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) test indicated that all the variables were found to be stationary on first differencing and Johansen co-integration mechanism indicated that there was co-integration among the variables. The results of the ARIMA forecast showed that in the next decade, sweet potato output will be 4697194.87 tones; sweet potato yield will be 0.78 tones/hectare and the index of food production will be 117.71. The study concluded that sweet potato output significantly contributes to food production in Nigeria both in the short and long run. Therefore, the study recommended that Governments at all levels and policy makers should promote sweet potato production as the crops has enormous potentials to increase food production in Nigeria.
ANALYSIS OF BEEF, MUTTON AND CHICKEN DEMAND IN BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: HAMIDU BABANGIDA  , Mohammed Sani Hussain  , Mohammed Isiaka  , Abdullahi, I. M.  , Joseph, M.
Published: June 2023

The study examined the consumers demand and preference for meat in Bauchi State. A multistage sampling technique was used to select five hundred and eighty-six households in the study area and data were collected through the use of structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results of the study revealed that, most (96.9%) of the household heads were male and married (89.8%) with about 35.7% of them having secondary education and 30.0% taken farming as their occupation. The study also revealed that, the mean monthly household head income and mean monthly expenditure on beef, mutton and chicken as N2,287.96, N1,946.04 and N1,734.44, respectively. It was further revealed that, households spend more on beef and least on chicken. The results of the regression analysis on the determinants of household demand for beef, mutton and chicken revealed that, household size, market locations, price of meat, household head monthly income and educational levels of the household head had a significant effect on meat demand in the study area. The result showed that, major constraints to meat consumption were financial problem, high cost of meat, health related problems, poor sanitary condition of meat vendors as well as high prices of other food items of necessities. Based on the result of this findings, it was therefore recommended that, federal/State governments should enhance economic boasting programmes to improve the income of consumers; there should be a concerted effort on the part of government and non-governmental bodies on measures of increasing animal feeds and feeding to boast animal production.
PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL, AND MICROBIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF TILAPIA FISH AS AFFECTED BY CHARCOAL, ELECTRIC GRILLER, AND FIREWOOD HEAT SOURCES
Authors: Awolomate Samuel , Oshibanjo, D. O  , Mohammed, M. Y.  , Anthony, Benjamin  , Dashe, M. P.
Published: June 2023

The influence of three heat sources on the physicochemical composition and meat quality of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was investigated. The fish farm produced twelve Oreochromis niloticus weighing an average of 65825 grams each. The fish were gutted and washed with distilled water to eliminate filth and blood; the dressed weights were then smoked. Smoking was accomplished using charcoal, wood, and an electric grill. Study examined the product's production, pH, water-holding capacity (WHC), and oxidative rancidity. A sensory analysis and microbiological count were conducted in accordance with standard procedures. The data were analyzed using 0.05-level one-way ANOVA and graph pad prism. Compared to firewood and electricity, cooking Tilapia with charcoal yielded the highest output. Tilapia prepared over a firewood heat source had a pH of 6.62, whereas those prepared over an electric heat source had a pH of 6.56. At 54.44 percent, the Tilapia using an electric heat source had the highest Water holding capacity (WHC). There was a statistically significant difference (P0.05) in the Oxidative Rancidity, with the electric heat source Tilapia fish having the highest level at 0.31 mg/g. In terms of appearance, electric heat source Tilapia fish was preferred to firewood and charcoal heat source Tilapia fish; nevertheless, it was inferior in terms of taste, tenderness, texture, and salinity. Firewood-heated Tilapia fish had the best texture, but the worst flavor. This study found that electric heat sources for smoking Tilapia fish might be used without impacting nutritional content or consumer acceptability.
ASSESSMENT OF WOMEN PARTICIPATION IN GROUNDNUT PRODUCTION IN HAWUL LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF BORNO STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Aliyu, Y. M.  , Shehu Halima , John Mamza Ngamarju
Published: June 2023

The study assessed women participation in groundnut production in Hawul local government area of Borno State, Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling procedure was used in drawing 100 respondents for this study. Information was collected using structured questioners. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyse the data, description statistics used include: frequencies, means and percentages, the inferential statistics used was multiple regression model. The farm size of women in groundnut production where that majority (54%) had less than 5ha, 23% had 9 to 12ha, 12% had 9 to 12ha and 9% had 13 to 16ha. The cultivated/ yield of groundnut produced by women where majority of 51% obtained 6 to 10 bags of unshelled groundnut, 37% gained11 to 15 bags, 12% had 1 to 5 bags. Farming experience was found out to be 45% had 9 to 12 years, 25% had 4 to 8 and the least 7% had 17 years and above. It was discovered that 78% had no extension contact, 22% had no access. For access to credit, 69% had access to credit and 31 had no access. The participation of women in ground nut production were accessed and presented in percentages and also ranked. It was gathered that; seed sorting, storage of harvested groundnut, land clearing was having the highest participation (78, 76 and 74) (1st 2nd and 3rd). The least where marketing, oil extraction and value addition (48, 45 and 43) (10th, 11th and 12th). The most problem faced by women in groundnut production where; gender biasness in accessing loan, societal setbacks, restricting accessing to farm land (97, 96, and 95) (1st 2nd and 3rd). The least problem faced where; climate change, poor extension services and theft (96, 72 and 68) (8th 9th and 10th). All the socio-economic variable were positive and significant at P≤0.01 and P≤0.05. Young women constituted the majority of women in groundnut production. It was recommended that government should create an avenue where the groundnut farmers can receive financial support; Access to credit and access to extension where very poor; and policy makers should provide adequate credit facilities and access to extension.
MICROBIAL PROTEIN PRODUCTION AND RUMEN METABOLITES PARAMETERS OF YANKASA RAMS FED DIETS CONTAINING DIFFERENT NITROGEN SOURCES WITH BALANITES AEGYPTIACA LEAF POWDER AS RUMEN BUFFER
Authors: Yerima, J.  , Abubakar, M.  , Kalla, D. J. U.  , Mancha, Y. P.
Published: June 2023

Experiment was carried out to evaluate the response of growing Yankasa rams to complete sorghum stover based diets containing varying levels of different nitrogen sources with rumen buffer plant on digestible organic matter fermented in the rumen (DOMR), microbial nitrogen (MN) and rumen metabolites. Complete diets containing 16% crude protein (CP) was formulated for the experiment. Urea was incorporated into the diets at 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2% with cottonseed cake at 20, 15, 10, 5 and 0% and designated as diet 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5% respectively. Twenty growing Yankasa rams were used for the experiment and randomly allocated to five treatment groups of four animals each in completely randomized designed (CRD). Rams were fed experimental diets and water ad libitum. The result reveals (P<0.05) difference in DOMR and MN. Higher mean values of 0.37, 0.36 and 0.34 kg/d DOMR were recorded in animal fed diet 2, 3 and 5 with the least value 0.22 kg/day recorded in animals fed diet 4. MN production were higher 11.72, 11.65 and 10.81 g/day in animals fed diet 2, 3 and 5 while the least 7.03 g/day in animals fed diet 4. (P<0.05) difference were observed in rumen pH 0 hour before feeding, total volatile fatty acids (TVFA), acetate, propionate, butyrate and rumen NH3-N 0 hour before and 4 hours after feeding across the diets. NH3-N was within the optimal levels for microbial activities. Inclusion of urea at graded levels of up to 2% in a complete diet has no detrimental effect on performance, DOMR, MN production and rumen parameters. Diet 3 is therefore recommended for growing Yankasa rams.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT PHOSPHORUS LEVELS AND SOWING DATES ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENT OF LABLAB (Lablab purpureus L. walp) VARIETIES IN RINGIM JIGAWA STATE, NIGERIA
Authors: Surajo, A.  , Fagam, A. S.  , Ali, G.  , Sabo, M. U.  , Bindawa, M. A.  , Yahaya, S. U.
Published: June 2023

Field experiment was conducted at the Jigawa State Horticultural Farm Ringim, during 2019, 2020 and 2021 wet seasons to investigate the effect of phosphorus levels and sowing date on the yield and yield components response of lablab varieties. The treatments consisted of four phosphorus levels (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg P/ha), three sowing dates (1st July, 15th July and 29th July) and two varieties of lablab (Dan Farankachi and Dan Inusa), which were factorially combined to give 24 treatments combination and laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) replicated three times. Data were collected on number of root nodules per plant, number of days to physiological maturity and seed yield per hectare, and subjected to analysis of variance and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was adopted in separating the means. The results showed that, application of 60 kg P/ha produced significantly higher yield characters of lablab. In terms of date of sowing, sowing lablab on 29th of July was found to be statistically (P ≤ 0.01) better in promoting yield of the crop than the other sowing dates. Variety Dan Inusa proved to be significantly (P ≤ 0.01) better than Dan Farankachi throughout the study period. Based on the result of this study, it could be concluded that application of 60 kg P/ha, Dan Inusa and sowing date of 29th July could be adopted by farmers for better yield of lablab in the study area, hence recommended for better yield.
A method for efficient classification of microphones based on expert knowledge and computational intelligence
Authors: Jordović-Pavlović Miroslava , Raspopović-Milić Miroslava , Popović Marica , Galović Slobodanka , Markušev Dragan
Published: June 2023

Classification of microphones as photoacoustic detectors is important part of procedure of photoacoustic measurements calibration. The requirements of photoacoustic experiment are accuracy, precision, reliability and work in real time in order to be competitive measurement technique. According to current state, real time is still a problem. This paper suggests improvement of classification method currently in use by dimensionality reduction of input vector considered in the data preprocessing, having consequence in significant simplification of measurements and thus notable decrease of measurement time, so reaching real time calibration procedure. By applying the method presented in the article the number of measurement points will be one, two or three depending on its position on frequency axes which is extremely smaller number than commonly accepted (usually 70-80 for the frequency range 20 Hz-20 000 Hz). The method is based on computational intelligence algorithms and expert knowledge.
Entrepreneurial intentions of the students of the college for teacher education
Authors: Milošević Bojan , Janković Milenko , Damnjanović Jelena
Published: June 2023

Of great importance are the readiness and capacity of future educators to recognize different specific needs of children and families in the local community and to analyze what the local community offers and what else may be offered. The research is aimed at testing the planned behaviour of students/future educators, having in mind their perception of potential entrepreneurial activity after completing their studies. The research involved 117 students who filled in the questionnaire for surveying their entrepreneurial intentions. It has been established that the subjective norm is not important in the intention of opening one's own enterprise. The obtained results are similar to those in other countries, and that is why the experience of their educational systems can be appreciated regarding the implementation of educational subjects and courses in the educational system programs of the Republic of Serbia.
Analysis of the causes of fracture of the main gas pipeline
Authors: Nyrkova Lyudmila , Rybakov Anatolii , Goncharenko Larysa , Osadchuk Svetlana , Kharchenko Yulia
Published: June 2023

A complex of research has been conducted to establish the causes of the accident of the main gas pipeline made of 1420x15.7 mm X70 steel after 20 years of operation. It is found that pipe destruction was initiated by the longitudinal crack with a length of 470 mm and a maximum depth of 6.8 mm, oriented in the direction of the pipe and perpendicular to the outer surface of the pipe identified as stress-corrosion cracking. The crack initiation is due to the disboundment of the tape protection coating, the high corrosion activity of the soil, and the complex stress-strain state caused by deviations from the design objectives during construction. The chemical composition the base metal of all investigated pipes corresponds to the requirements of the technical conditions for steel pipes in category X70; pipes welding are performed with the typical materials used in pipe welding plants. Despite the differences, the structural and mechanical characteristics (yield strength, ultimate strength, and impact strength) of the steel and weld metal of the studied pipes are identical. The relative elongation (d5) of the operated pipes is below the normalized values, but, it is necessary to take into account the possibility of deviations in these characteristics of steel in the initial state. Significant reserves of toughness indirectly indicate low damage of metal and, accordingly, satisfactory resistance to destruction of the metal of the studied pipes.
Konsep Kebijakan Moneter Dalam Perspektif Ekonomi Islam
Authors: Dini Abdianti  , Anisa Restu  , Sholahuddin Al Ayyubi
Published: June 2023

Monetary policy in Islamic economics is part of the branch of economics that discusses the nature, function and influence on economic activity in a country. Monetary in Islam does not emphasize not only the supply and demand for money, but also the principles of equity and brotherhood, which seek equality and create a fair distribution of wealth and income. The method of writing this article uses a qualitative research approach. The data analysis technique is in the form of descriptive analysis. Descriptive itself is a research result that is described as clearly as possible based on research. Monetary policy can maintain economic stability, this can be seen by balancing the amount of money that is widely spread in a balanced way. If any money in circulation exceeds or is greater or less than a number of goods and services, then the economy in a country will be chaotic.
Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Dengan Menggunakan Metode CAMEL Pada PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (persero) Tbk
Authors: Fransiskus Freklindo  , Yosefina Andia Dekratia  , Magdalena Samosir
Published: June 2023

This study aimed to determine the financial performance of PT. Bank Rakyat Indonesia (Persero) Tbk using the CAMEL method, namely Capital, Asset, Management, Earning, Liquidity. The sample in this study was the financial statements of BRI companies in 2018-2022. The type of data used was secondary data. Data collection was carried out using the documentation method, the data source was taken from the official website of the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The results showed that the performance of PT. BRI for the period 2018-2022 using the CAMEL method was in a healthy predicate. While from each aspect, namely the aspects of Capital(Capital), Asset aspects (Asset Quality), and Earning (Income) for 5 years are in a healthy manner. Meanwhile, the Management aspect for 4 years, namely 2018, 2019, 2020, and 2022, was in a fairly healthy predicate, while in 2021 it was in a healthy predicate. Liquidity in 2018 and 2019 was in a fairly healthy predicate, while from 2020 to 2022 obtained a healthy predicate.
An Analysis of the Attitude of Patients from the Satisfaction of the Laboratory Services in Combined Military Hospitals
Authors: Qamar Afaq Qureshi  , Lt. Col. Dr. Tanveer Qamar  , Muhammad Siddique
Published: June 2023

This study in hand aimed measure and analyze the attitude of patients towards laboratory services in Combined Military Hospital Dera Ismail Khan. The laboratory services are the essential part of hospital services. Most of the patients who visit hospitals are normally referred you one or other kind of laboratory services for adequate diagnostic purposes. The prescription, medication or otherwise surgery are based on the result from laboratories.  The satisfaction from the care given is linked with the satisfaction of the laboratory services. This study focused on this important management of healthcare area. Population and sample of the study were patients who visited the CMS for laboratory services. A survey was undertaken, structured questionnaire was administered to get data from the sample respondents. To test the difference of view for nominal demographic variables against research variables Chi-Square test was run. Results suggested accepting Null hop thesis as no significant difference recorded for research variables based on demographics. The study will be helpful to hospital administration to ensure patients satisfaction by take adequate measure regarding improvement in laboratories services. This study is limited to only one hospital with small sample size; future researcher may extend it to other hospitals as well as include other hospital services. The study adds valuable knowledge to the theory as well as helpful for the practitioners.
Reconstruction of The Authority of The Internal Oversight Unit In The Prevention of Corruption Crimes At State Religious Universities
Authors: Syawaluddin Hanafi  , Sumarlin  , Alim Shariati  , An Ras Try Astuti  , Arini Pratiwi  , Ilham
Published: June 2023

The supervisory authority possessed by the Internal Oversight Unit (SPI) at State Religious Universities in Indonesia is the main focus of this research. Research on the reconstruction of SPI's authority in the Prevention of Corruption Crimes at State Religious Universities is a type of normative and prospective legal research. The results of this study: first , the SPI entity as a unit within the PTKN work unit which has internal oversight authority is crucial to conform with the spirit of anti-corruption regulations; secondly , the attribution of SPI authority must be reconstructed with unlimited supervision in the use of the budget and management of PTKN. Third , SPI, which is responsible to the Chancellor, seems unable to review the Chancellor's decisions as a controlling unit , while the Chancellor's decisions are policies that are set and used as the basis for every work activity/program. If the SPI is given the authority to review the decisions of the chancellor and the dean (leader), then the SPI functions as a unit that can detect as early as possible the abuse of authority and budget irregularities as the goal and benefit of the oversight agency entity.
The Ability of Cities to Withstand the Disasters of Pandemic
Authors: Zahraa Imad Al-Husseini  , Mufeed Ehsan Shok  , Adel H.Jassim  , Amer Shakir Alkinani
Published: June 2023

This study examines the opportunity presented by the COVID-19 pandemic for city planners and leaders to learn from the crisis and build resilient cities with long-term societal, economic, and environmental resilience against future disasters. The research focuses on the relationship between urban planning and policies and the extent of their resilience, particularly in response to pandemic-related disasters. The study evaluates the ability of the city of Baghdad to respond to the pandemic and identifies gaps in its resilience. The study uses the scorecard measurement instrument to examine the disaster resilience of cities, with a focus on governance and financial capability, disaster planning and preparedness, and disaster response and post-event recovery. The study finds that the primary gap between the level of governance and the financial capacity of the city of Baghdad is the lack of financial capacity and the inability to recognize and comprehend existing and future risk scenarios. The study also finds gaps in planning and emergency preparation, including the incorporation of green and blue infrastructure into policies, plans, and projects, and the inability of infrastructure to bear transportation, healthcare, and education facilities. Finally, the study identifies a gap in disaster response in terms of event management strategies, early warning, and training.
The Evolution of Iraqi and Polish Economic Relations Between 1963-1979
Authors: Saja Saadi Abboud  , Hussein Hammad Abed
Published: June 2023

With the assistance of numerous socialist nations, particularly the Polish government, the government dedicated emphasis to the growth of the economic element, especially when the state became republican. Numerous contracts and economic-related conventions have been reached as a result of the expansion of commercial activity between the two nations. Given that following World War II, these agreements played a significant role in establishing control over the nation's riches. It is also the most potent tool for influencing international relations and foreign policy in a variety of nations, including Iraq.Many elements came together to influence the researcher's choice of subject, chief among them the fact that few academics have written on the history of Iraqi economic diplomacy and its effects on foreign policy, particularly with Poland. On the one hand, the obsession with the lack of references and the difficulty of obtaining historical information constituted an obstacle for researchers. On the other hand, the time frame of the research is seen as a transitional period, both in terms of Iraqi foreign policy and diplomacy history and in terms of the country's modern history. It witnessed the openness of foreign policy to the western (capitalist) and eastern (socialist) camps, as well as the enrichment of Iraqi and Arab libraries with a new investigation into the economic realities of Iraq, particularly in light of its international business contacts.