bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Application of the Multi-Scale Infrastructure for Chemistry and Aerosols version 0 (MUSICAv0) for air quality research in Africa
Authors: Tang Wenfu , Emmons Louisa K. , Worden Helen M. , Kumar Rajesh , He Cenlin , Gaubert Benjamin , Zheng Zhonghua , Tilmes Simone , Buchholz Rebecca R. , Martinez-Alonso Sara-Eva , Granier Claire , Soulie Antonin , McKain Kathryn , Daube Bruce C. , Peischl Jeff , Thompson Chelsea , Levelt Pieternel
Published: October 2023

Abstract. The Multi-Scale Infrastructure for Chemistry and Aerosols Version 0 (MUSICAv0) is a new community modeling infrastructure that enables the study of atmospheric composition and chemistry across all relevant scales. We develop a MUSICAv0 grid with Africa refinement (∼ 28 km × 28 km over Africa). We evaluate the MUSICAv0 simulation for 2017 with in situ observations and compare the model results to satellite products over Africa. A simulation from the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem), a regional model that is widely used in Africa studies, is also included in the analyses as a reference. Overall, the performance of MUSICAv0 is comparable to WRF-Chem. Both models underestimate carbon monoxide (CO) compared to in situ observations and satellite CO column retrievals from the Measurements of Pollution in the Troposphere (MOPITT) satellite instrument. MUSICAv0 tends to overestimate ozone (O3), likely due to overestimated stratosphere-to-troposphere flux of ozone. Both models significantly underestimate fine particulate matter (PM2.5) at two surface sites in East Africa. The MUSICAv0 simulation agrees better with aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrievals from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and tropospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) column retrievals from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) than WRF-Chem. MUSICAv0 has a consistently lower tropospheric formaldehyde (HCHO) column than OMI retrievals. Based on model–satellite discrepancies between MUSICAv0 and WRF-Chem and MOPITT CO, MODIS AOD, and OMI tropospheric NO2, we find that future field campaign(s) and more in situ observations in the East African region (5∘ S–5∘ N, 30–45∘ E) could substantially improve the predictive skill of atmospheric chemistry model(s). This suggested focus region exhibits the largest model–in situ observation discrepancies, as well as targets for high population density, land cover variability, and anthropogenic pollution sources.
Seasonal variation and influence factors of river water isotopes in the East Asian monsoon region: a case study in the Xiangjiang River basin spanning 13 hydrological years
Authors: Xiao Xiong , Zhang Xinping , Xiao Zhuoyong , Rao Zhiguo , He Xinguang , Zhang Cicheng
Published: October 2023

Abstract. Seasonal variation and influencing factors of river water isotopes were investigated in the Xiangjiang River basin located in the East Asian monsoon region. This investigation involved comprehensive sampling of daily precipitation and river water with a 5 d interval as well as observing hydrometeorological factors spanning 13 hydrological years from January 2010 to December 2022, combined with the temporal and spatial correlation analyses based on linear regression and the isotopic Atmospheric Water Balance Model. Key findings are as follows: river water δ2H (δ2HR) exhibited significant seasonal variation, with the most positive and negative values occurring in the spring flood period and summer drought period, respectively, in alignment with those observed in precipitation. The correlations of the δ2HR with corresponding hydrometeorological factors with a 5 d interval were commonly weak due to the seasonality of precipitation isotopes and mixing of various water bodies within the basin, but the changes in the runoff (ΔR) and δ2HR (Δδ2HR) between two contiguous samplings with 5 d or higher intervals showed significant responses to the corresponding accumulated precipitation and evaporation. Prolonged rainless intervals with high evaporation rates in 2013 and 2022 as well as significant precipitation events in major flood periods in 2011 and 2017 had a significant impact on the δ2HR and runoff discharge. However, the most positive δ2HR values were primarily influenced by precipitation input with the most enriched isotopes in the spring flood period, while the moderately isotope-depleted precipitation during limited wetness conditions led to the most negative δ2HR. The spatial correlation analysis between water isotopes and hydrometeorological factors at the observing site and in the surrounding regions supported the representation of the Changsha site in the Xiangjiang River basin. These results underscore the potential of Δδ2HR as a proxy that reflects the seasonal variations in local environments, while caution is advised when interpreting extreme isotopic signals in river water. Overall, this study provides insights into the seasonal variation, extreme signal interpreting, and controlling factors of δ2HR in the study area, which was valuable for paleoclimate reconstruction and establishment of isotope hydrologic models.
Regional mapping of energetic short mesoscale ocean dynamics from altimetry: performances from real observations
Authors: Le Guillou Florian , Gaultier Lucile , Ballarotta Maxime , Metref Sammy , Ubelmann Clément , Cosme Emmanuel , Rio Marie-Helène
Published: October 2023

Abstract. For over 25 years, satellite altimetry has provided invaluable information about the ocean dynamics at many scales. In particular, gridded sea surface height (SSH) maps allow us to estimate the mesoscale geostrophic circulation in the ocean. However, conventional interpolation techniques rely on static optimal interpolation schemes, hence limiting the estimation of non-linear dynamics at scales not well sampled by altimetry (i.e., below 150–200 km at mid-latitudes). To overcome this limitation in the resolution of small-scale SSH structures (and thus small-scale geostrophic currents), a back-and-forth nudging algorithm combined with a quasi-geostrophic model, a technique called BFN-QG, has been successfully applied on simulated SSH data in observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs). The result is a significant reduction in interpolation error and an improvement in the space–time resolutions of the experimental gridded product compared to those of operational products. In this study, we propose that the BFN-QG be applied to real altimetric SSH data in a highly turbulent region spanning a part of the Agulhas Current. The performances are evaluated within observing system experiments (OSEs) that use independent data (such as independent SSH, sea surface temperature and drifter data) as ground truth. By comparing the mapping performances to the ones obtained with operational products, we show that the BFN-QG improves the mapping of short, energetic mesoscale structures and associated geostrophic currents both in space and time. In particular, the BFN-QG improves (i) the spatial effective resolution of the SSH maps by a factor of 20 %, (ii) the zonal and (especially) the meridional geostrophic currents, and (iii) the prediction of Lagrangian transport for lead times up to 10 d. Unlike the results obtained in the OSSEs, the OSEs reveal more contrasting performances in low-variability regions, which are discussed in the paper.
Robotic Surgery in Pakistan: Precision, Progress, and Challenges
Authors: Mehmood Kanza , Kumar Aakash
Published: October 2023

he Da Vinci Surgical (DVS) system, an example of surgery has made significant advancements since its introduction, in 2000. Thanks to state of the art technology surgeons are now able to perform procedures with exceptional precision and minimal invasiveness. These include urological, thoracic and cardiac surgeries, which have revolutionized the field of surgery.
Bühnen der Altermundialität. Vom Bild der Welt zur räumlichen Theaterpraxis
Authors: Gabriel Leon
Published: October 2023

Die Idee der Welt als einer Einheit, die ‚dem‘ Menschen bildhaft ansichtig werden könnte, gerät mit dem 20. Jahrhundert ins Wanken und rutscht im beginnenden 21. Jahrhundert in eine Krise. Dies geht mit der Globalisierung und zunehmenden Vereinheitlichung globaler Zusammenhänge einher. Und es hat Auswirkungen auf szenische Künste, ihre Darstellungsweisen und ihren politischen Anspruch. Bereits die Annahme, dass Erfahrungen zu einem Bild der Welt zusammengefasst werden können, das dann als Welt als solche aufgefasst werden kann, entwickelte sich parallel zur Konstruktion neuzeitlicher Schauanlagen. Doch insbesondere szenische Arbeiten der letzten Jahre verlangen es, anders über die Welt und die Bühne nachzudenken – mithin neu zu fragen, was Theater sein kann. Das Buch untersucht diese Verschiebung vom Bildhaften hin zu räumlichen Praktiken und damit vom Globalen zum Planetarischen. Erörtert wird, wie die Vor- und Darstellung der Welt als universale Einheit erzeugt, durchbrochen und verändert wird. Anhand von Grenzbewegungen wird analysiert, wie das, was in der vereinheitlichenden Annahme keinen Platz findet, dennoch mit seinen je spezifischen Ansprüchen Raum erhalten kann. Welche anderen Weltzugänge und -verhältnisse können durch kritische Darstellungspraxis erfahrbar werden? Wie ließe sich ein Gemeinsames, Geteiltes zeigen, ohne falsche Rückschlüsse zu einem fixen Bild und allgemeingültigen Behauptungen zu summieren? Detaillierte Studien herausragender exemplarischer Inszenierungen (von Antonia Baehr, Romeo Castellucci, Kate McIntosh, Rimini Protokoll, Walid Raad und Tino Sehgal) treten in Dialog mit philosophischen Positionen (v.a. von Martin Heidegger, Hannah Arendt, Michel Foucault, Jacques Derrida und Jean-Luc Nancy). So wird ein Denken der Vielheit an Welt(en) entfaltet und das Potenzial gegenwärtiger szenischer Künste aufgezeigt. Denn Bühnen stehen nicht als Bild der Welt vor uns, sondern gehen uns als veränderliche und pluriversale Welten anders an: als Verzweigung, Affizierung, Verhandlung über das Bezugnehmen selbst.
Exploring the role of dietary intake and supplementation on performance in video gaming and esports
Authors:   , Turner Jessica
Published: October 2023

Esports, or competitive video gaming, is a rapidly growing global industry. This thesis explored the effect of dietary intake and supplementation on performance in esports. This included current dietary and supplementation behaviour and its relationship with habitual esports play, and the attitudes and beliefs of esports players on the role of diet and supplementation in training and competition. The effectiveness of an acute pre-prandial caffeine dose on in-game esports performance was also assessed. The results demonstrated varied dietary intake and supplement use within the esports population and no consistent effect of caffeine on esports performance.
DYNAMICS OF THE NUMBER OF HELICOVERPA ARMIGERAIN CORN CROPS IN THE CONDITIONS OF ALMATY REGION
Authors:   «Kazakh Research Institute of plant protection and quarantine named after zh.Zhiembayev» LLP, , Almaty city,Kazakhstan, Alpysbayeva K.A. , Sharipova D.S. ,   «Kazakh Research Institute of plant protection and quarantine named after zh.Zhiembayev» LLP, , Almaty city,Kazakhstan, Nurmanov B.B. ,   «Kazakh Research Institute of plant protection and quarantine named after zh.Zhiembayev» LLP, , Almaty city,Kazakhstan, Nurbayeva E.A. ,   «Kazakh Research Institute of plant protection and quarantine named after zh.Zhiembayev» LLP, , Almaty city,Kazakhstan
Published: October 2023

Жүгері (Zea mays L.) - әлемдік егіншілікте жан-жақты қолданылатын негізгі дақылдардың бірі. Азық-түлік мақсаттары үшін жүгері дәнінің, шамамен, 20%, техникалық мақсаттар үшін - 15-20% және жемшөп үшін, шамамен, үштен екісі қолданылады. Қазақстанда жүгері жылына 250 мың гектардан астам алқапта өсіріледі. Жүгері Алматы, Түркістан, Қостанай және Жамбыл облыстарында белсенді өсіріледі. Өсімдіктерді қорғаудағы фитосанитарлық жағдайдың болжамы бұрын анықталған заңдылықтарға сүйене отырып, болашақта зиянды объектілер популяциясының динамикасы туралы ықтималдық ғылыми негізделген пайымдау ретінде қарастырылады. Сонымен қатар, болжамдардың сенімділігі мен дәлдігі болжау объектісінің сан мөлшері динамикасының факторларын білу дәрежесіне байланысты. Мақалада Алматы облысы жағдайында жүгері дақылдарында аса қауіпті зиянкестерінің бірі - мақта көбелегінің сан мөлшерінің динамикасын анықтау бойынша жүргізілген зерттеулердің нәтижелері берілген. Алматы облысы жағдайында мақта көбелегі үш ұрпақта дамитыны және оның бір ұрпағы келесі ұрпаққа жалғасқаны анықталды. Мақта көбелегі – жылусүйгіш зиянкес, оның дамуы үшін көп жылу қажет. Қыстап шыққан ұрпақтың алғашқы көбелектерінің пайда болуы топырақтың температурасы 10 см тереңдікте 16°C және одан жоғары деңгейде, орташа тәуліктік ауа температурасы 19-20°C болған кезде байқалады. Фитофагтардың аталықтары үнемі феромон тұтқыштарына түсіп тұрғандықтан, мақта көбелегінің бір ұрпағы келесі ұрпаққа ұласып жатқандығы байқалды. Зиянкестердің екінші және үшінші ұрпақтаының жұлдызқұрттары жүгері дақылының генеративті мүшелерін жаппай зақымдады. Мақта көбелегінің жұмыртқа салуы және әртүрлі жастағы жұлдызқұрттарының дамуы ұшу кезеңінен бастап, күздің соңына дейін үздіксіз жалғасты. Ұзақ мерзімді болжау мақсатында жүгері алқаптарында егін жинағаннан кейін топырақты қазу жұмыстары жүргізілді. Қазба жұмыстарының нәтижесі бойынша бір шаршы метрден 0,001 дана қуыршақ табылды.
Effect of Pilates on Upper Limb & Lower Limb Flexibility in School Children – An Experimental Study
Authors: Jain Sonam , Kulkarni Shreya Mukund
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Flexibility in children is key to maintaining good physical health and preventing injuries, making it an essential component of their fitness routine. the initial literatures of pilates was limited to improve posture and core strengthening. Recent articles have shown that pilates exercise has an effect on improving flexibility as well. Considering long time sitting to be a current problem and increasing evidences on physical fitness being related to future problems to children and adolescent, there is more to research on this population. Thus, this study aims to find the effectiveness of pilates exercise on flexibility in school children.
Method: Sixty children were approached out of which fifty-three children consented for assessment and intervention. Their upper limb flexibility was measured by Apley’s scratch test and lower limb flexibility was assessed by sit & reach test.
Results: Wilcoxon’s test was used to statistically analyzed upper limb flexibility and paired t test was used to statistically analyzed lower limb flexibility. Both the test showed significant result with p<0.001.
Conclusion: This study confirms that Pilates exercise are effective to increase upper limb and lower limb flexibility in school children.

Key words: Upper limb flexibility, lower limb flexibility, Pilates exercise.
Effects of Prolonged Silica Exposure on Pulmonary Function Among Stone Quarry Workers in South India
Authors: R Sindhu , Kutty Karthiyanee , Shankar MS Vinutha
Published: October 2023

Background: Occupational lung diseases are prevalent within the quarry worker community due to the substantial dust emissions within quarrying environments. Inhaling this dust is an occupational hazard that poses health risks to on-site workers. To mitigate these risks and facilitate early detection of potential lung damage, pulmonary function tests play a pivotal role. These tests offer an objective and quantifiable assessment of lung function, aiding in the timely identification of any respiratory impairments among quarry workers.
Aims: To assess the pulmonary functions in stone quarry workers and compare them with the unexposed population, to find its correlation with the duration of work in stone quarry workers, and to assess the occupational category that is affected the most.
Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was done on 200 quarry workers in and around Kolar and 200 unexposed populations. Pulmonary function tests (PFT) were recorded using RMS-PFT machine. The pulmonary function test parameters among the quarry workers were assessed in the various occupational categories.
Results: PFT of quarry workers was significantly reduced as compared to that of the unexposed group (p<0.001). Lung impairment increased with increasing duration of exposure to dust in years among the quarry workers. Lung impairment was found to be the most among the loaders followed by stone grinders, drillers, blasters, and stone cutters. Supervisors were found to be the least affected.
Conclusion: Lung impairment among quarry workers depends on the duration of exposure to dust as well as the dust load. Quarry workers were found to have a Restrictive type of lung disease. Quarry workers must be educated regarding the use of personal protective equipment.

Key words: PFT (Pulmonary function test), Quarry workers, Restrictive lung disease.
New species and records of Endophragmiella from freshwater and terrestrial habitats in Thailand
Authors: Chuaseeharonnachai Charuwan , Somrithipol Sayanh , Nuankaew Salilaporn , Boonmee Kanthawut , Suwannarach Nakarin , Wijayawardene Nalin N. , Boonyuen Nattawut
Published: October 2023

Seven Endophragmiella taxa were found in Thailand, from freshwater and terrestrial habitats in various locations. Five of them are proposed as new species: E. acutispora , E. filiformis , E. obpyriformis , E. sporoprolifera, and E. tunicata
. Endophragmiella acutispora is characterized by fusiform to obclavate, 2–5-septate conidia; E. filiformis by obclavate, appendiculate, 3–5-septate conidia; E. obpyriformis by its obovoid or obpyriform, bicolored conidia; E. sporoprolifera by obclavate
and Y-shaped, appendiculate, 5–6-septate conidia; and E. tunicata by cylindrical or oblong, tunicate, 2-septate conidia. Two other species, E. multiramosa and E. resinae, are new records for the Thailand mycota. Detailed descriptions, illustrations, and taxonomic
keys comparing the new species with morphologically similar species are provided.
Toxic organizational culture: diagnosis and prevention
Authors: Ceacir Irina
Published: October 2023

Toxic organizational culture is a complex and detrimental phenomenon that negatively affects employees and the performance of organizations. This article focuses on identifying the characteristics and consequences of toxic organizational culture, as well as exploring ways to combat this issue. Studies have revealed that toxic culture manifests itself through a lack of open and transparent communication, dominance and intimidation, lack of mutual respect and support, as well as abuse of power and favouritism. These aspects result in a stressful work environment, decreased employee motivation and commitment, and increased absenteeism and turnover rates. To address this problem, organizations should promote a healthy culture based on values such as respect, transparency, fairness, and employee involvement in decision-making processes. Implementing appropriate policies and practices, as well as developing leadership and communication skills, can help reduce the negative effects of toxic organizational culture and create a productive and healthy work environment.
Activity of the Electric power factory in Chișinău in the interwar period
Authors: Xenofontov Ion
Published: October 2023

This article focuses on the activity of an industrial enterprise of strategic and economic importance for the interwar Chișinău – the second largest city in Romania in terms of population. On the basis of unpublished sources found in the archives of the Republic of Moldova and Romania, statistical information and period reports, the technical, economic and social components of the Electricity Plant are presented, an enterprise that produced both electricity and substantial financial income for the capital of Bessarabia.
The poem "Mărioara, Florioara" by Vasile Alecsandri in the vision of composer Teodor Zgureanu
Authors: Cosciug Tatiana
Published: October 2023

Teodor Zgureanu’s Concerto for Soprano and Orchestra, L-al Moldovei dulce soare (2006), was inspired by the poem-legend Mărioara, Florioara by Vasile Alecsandri. The poem is conceived and realized in a quasi-folkloric dimension, combining the features and principles of cultured poetry with the language of folk poetry. The folkloric style is present in the detailed description of the nature of the Moldavian countryside and the beauty of the girls from this land, in the character of the verse, the rhymes, and in the epic-legendary subject, told in 6 long chapters. T. Zgureanu took from this poem-legend only certain fragments that highlight the lyrical-psychological aspect and accentuate the soul experiences and feelings of Mărioara. The composer thus mitigates the epic-dramatic content, dominant in Alecsandri` s work, completely excluding the fantastic component of the text. To remain faithful to the ideological content of V. Alecsandri’s poem, the author of the Concerto starts from the stylization of archaic models taken from folklore, uses melody as the main means of expression, combining tonal and modal writing.
Teodor Buzu's extemporaries: light and singularity
Authors: Stavila Tudor
Published: October 2023

A notorious representative of the contemporary Bessarabian artistic diaspora, Teodor Buzu is a well-known name in the Romanian and Central European artistic scene. Having settled for over three decades in Tabor in the Czech Republic, the artist takes part with devotion in exhibitions in the Republic of Moldova and in European countries. He is a versatile artist, working in watercolour, easel painting, graphic design, ceramics, monumental painting, and book graphics. He is a member of the Volary Group, together with his friends, the Czech painters Pavel Klima and Vit Pavlik, sharing a passion for experimentation and a common vision of creation and its role in the modern world. In July 2023, the Volary Group was hosted by the National Art Museum of Moldova with the exhibition Ex tempore/ Improvizații.
Environmentally Friendly Analytical Methods for Quantitative Measurement of Sofosbuvir in Pharmaceutical Formulations: Comparison of HPTLC and UV Spectrophotometric Approaches
Authors: Balasaheb Aher Kiran , Balasaheb Bhavar Girija , Ramdas Shelke Madhav , Fakirmahmmad Sayyad Sadikali
Published: October 2023

For the quantitative measurement of sofosbuvir (SFR) in pharmaceutical formulation, high-performance thin-layer chromatographic (HPTLC) and environmentally friendly UV spectrophotometric approaches have been developed. HPTLC stationary phases were silica gel 60 F₂₅₄-coated aluminium plates. Toluene, chloroform, and ethanol were mixed 4:4:1 v/v/v. This mobile phase produced tiny spots of SFR with Rf 0.30±0.01. SFR was densitometrically analysed at 267nm in absorbance mode. Peak area showed great linearity (r2 =0.998) in the dilution range of 100–800ng/spot. A solvent combination of methanol and water was utilised for the UV spectrophotometric technique. First, a stock solution of SFR was made in methanol, and then it was diluted further in water. Absorption maxima were observed at 261nm for the SFR standard solution. Beer-law Lambert's was followed by the SFR at an r2 value of 0.999 at 10-50ng/mL. Both methods met ICH standards for precision, LOD, LOQ, accuracy and specificity. Statistical study validated the methods as reliable and accurate for the estimation of the SFR. The established procedures can be applied to the regular analysis of SFR drugs and pharmaceuticals.
Investigation of the effects of some process variables on the Azithromycin Microencapsulation by the Quasi-Emulsion Solvent Evaporation Method
Authors: Alsayad Rawan , Laham Antoun
Published: October 2023

The aim of the present work was to identify the optimum formulation parameters required to achieve a maximum production yield and entrapment efficacy for Azithromycin-loaded Ethylcellulose microparticles for taste masking of Azithromycin (AZI). Quasi-emulsion solvent evaporation method was employed using Ethylcellulose. Several factors that influence the microparticles such as polymer-to-drug ratio, the inner phase volume (DCM), and the emulsifying agent concentration (PVA) were studied to determine their effects on the production yield, entrapment efficiency, and particle size of microparticle formulations. The formula F3 that provided the highest yield and entrapment efficiency (66.6±0.3%, 86.42±0.05% respectively) was evaluated using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT‑IR), and Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Taste masking assessment performed in vitro. FT‑IR study showed that there was no interaction occurring between azithromycin and ethylcellulose. DSC confirmed the conversion of azithromycin from crystalline phase to amorphous phase and entrapped inside the microparticles. SEM micrographs revealed that microparticles were spherical in shape with a porous nature, where no drug crystals on the surface could be observed, indicating an encapsulation of AZI inside the polymeric matrix. In vitro, the taste assessment revealed no azithromycin release in salvia pH which could effectively mask the bitter taste of AZI.
European and National measurements of Molecular and Immunological aspects of Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of Coronavirus infection
Authors: Rizak Galina , Maltsev Dmytro , Karkimbayeva Gulshakhar , Vivsyannuk Volodumyr , Barabanchyk Olena
Published: October 2023

The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus infection pandemic, which spread worldwide in 2019, has caused a large number of deaths in the population. Research on the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of this disease requires further investigation and generalization of meaningful rules to prevent the future spread of COVID-19 and to ensure societal preparedness for such epidemics. This article reviews the problems of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of coronavirus infection within the global scientific community. The aim of the research work is to investigate the variability of diagnostic methods of COVID-19, means of prevention of the disease and main discourses for treatment of the disease. Theoretical (analysis, systematization and generalization of scientific sources) and empirical (retrospective analysis) research methods were used to study the aspects of diagnosis, prevention and treatment of coronavirus infection. Using the method of theoretical analysis, the peculiarities of the treatment of molecular-immunological aspects of diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 were studied, and using the method of systematization and generalization, the scientific sources devoted to the issue of prevention of future coronavirus infection spread were investigated. In the article, using retrospective analysis, literature sources on the European and national view of coronavirus research were collected and systematized. As a result of the scientific research, the basic principles of coronavirus diagnostic technologies, the main stages of treatment and prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection were analyzed.
Insight into Ethnopharmacology of Quercus Infectoria with the possible mechanism of action
Authors: Ahmad Fazil , Mohan Surapaneni Krishna , Mohammed Al-Subaie Abeer , Kamaraj Balu
Published: October 2023

Introduction: Exploring medicinal plants for novel therapeutic strategies is the need of the day. This is because of drug resistance against most of the available drugs. Natural products serve as a safe and potential alternative. This review focuses on Quercus infectoria, a plant belonging to family-Fagaceae with potential therapeutic usage. The aim of this review is to explore the ethnopharmacological properties of Quercus infectoria in various diseases and to explore the mechanism of action responsible for a specific potential of Quercus infectoria such as anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory etc. Methods: Historical data about the Quercus infectoria plant has been collected by virtue of systematic search and review through the unpublished, published resources, databases regionally and globally. Results: Quercus infectoria extracts and various pure compounds such as tannic acid, gallic acid, ellagic acid, methyl gallate have been reported to possess significant therapeutic potential against various diseases such as diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disorders. There have been some reports on the molecular mechanism behind their medicinal value. Pure compounds/constituents of Quercus infectoria which are responsible for these therapeutic efficacies have been less explored. Conclusion: Quercus infectoria has shown activities against various ailments such as diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, antimicrobial activity, anti-inflammatory, anticancer etc. Moreover, when explored on the mechanistic aspect, it was found that it mediates its function by modulating various signaling/metabolic pathways such as AKT signaling, NF-кB and JAK/STAT pathways. However, more studies need to be focused on in vivo investigation of its medicinal importance in animal models along with pharmacokinetics, bioavailability and toxicity.
Comparison of Alisher Navoi's "Hayrat ul-Abror" and "Gulshan ul-Anvar" epics by Yahyobey Tashlijali
Authors:   Tashkent State University of Uzbek Language and Literature named after Alisher Navo’i., Abdujalilova Diyora
Published: October 2023

In literary studies, there are works created within the frame-work of certain literary traditions and interactions, which are important to study in a comparative way. In particular, the study of the works cre-ated within the framework of the eight-century-old tradition of homoge-nization based on the principles of interaction and reflection, objectivity a n d s y n c r e t i s m i s o n e o f t h e c u r r e n t i s s u e s . I n t h i s s e n s e , r e s e a r c h i n g t h e literary relations between the Uzbek and Turkish peoples, whose lan-guage, culture, customs and traditions are close to each other, on the basis of the tradition of homogenization, is the demand of the time. This article talks about the comparison between Alisher Navoi’s “Hayrat ul-Abrar” and Yahyobey Tashlijali’s “Gulshan ul-Anvar” epics.
Interpretation of military terms in the old Uzbek literary language in the Dictionary of L.Z. Budagov
Authors:   Alisher Navoi' Tashkent state university of Uzbek language and literature, Tuxtasinova Mahliyoxon
Published: October 2023

This article covers “Comparative dictionary of Turkic-Tatar lan-guages” (“Сравнительный словарь турецко-татарских наречий”) of Lazar Zaharovich Budagov, its classification method, its components, and the semantic and etymological interpretation of the included words based on examples from the works of Navoi, Babur.Turkish dictionaries are kept as rare relics in the libraries of our country and abroad. Most of them are unique and ancient copies. These dictionaries have always attracted the attention of Turkologists and lexi-cologists.“Сравнительный словарь турецко-татарских наречий, со включением употребительнейших слов арабских и персидских и с переводом на русский язык” in 2 volumes has a special place in the list of the main scientific works of L.Z. Budagov. To compile this dictionary, which is one of the largest Turkish dictionaries of the 19th century, rich linguistic and extralinguistic materials were collected by the author from several sources. Active words from the languages of many eastern na-tions are included in the dictionary. Therefore, the written monuments of peoples, colloquial and translation dictionaries in Turkic languages, and the texts of works related to their literary heritage were used in the pro-cess of comparing them.The lexemes of the Chigatoi language available in the dictionary are divided into thematic groups and researched. One of them is military terms, terms representing military positions and ranks, terms represen- ting combat actions and tactical operations, terms representing weapons, armor, terms representing the names of troops and military units, and the names of defense and engineering facilities are analyzed by dividing them into groups and statistical analysis of lexemes is presented. The words giv-en in the dictionary have been studied by comparing their current meaning based on the explanatory dictionary.
Reformulasi Teologi Penginjilan Bagi Penyandang Disabilitas Fisik
Authors: Supriadi Made Nopen
Published: October 2023

Evangelism is an important focus for followers of Jesus Christ. The commandment emphasizes believers to carry out acts of evangelistic missions to people who have not heard the gospel. However, problems arise in understanding mission in the context of believers with disabilities, who are unable to carry out the Great Commission's command to go preach the gospel because of their disability. Through the literature study method, this research describes the reformulation of evangelistic theology for believers who do not have physical disabilities to believers in the context of people with physical disabilities. The results of this study explain that believers with disabilities can still carry out the mission of preaching, evangelism the same as other believers, but with different patterns and principles but with one goal, namely Jesus Christ being witnessed and preached.
A Literature Review on the Effect of Artificial Intelligence on Education
Authors: ÇAYIR Aybala
Published: October 2023

The science of artificial intelligence has been advancing at a great pace in recent years. Artificial intelligence, one of the most important technologies of our age, will cause a great transformation for the world. Artificial intelligence has also affected education and training, leading to significant developments in the field of learning technologies and educational technology. Interest in computer systems and artificial intelligence is increasing and the studies on them are increasing. This article examines the issue of digital transformation in education as a result of the development of artificial intelligence, and the new educational processes that will occur as a result of the interaction of humans and intelligent machines. Therefore, the aim of this study is to understand the impact of artificial intelligence on education. For this purpose, firstly, information is given about what artificial intelligence is. Then, it is discussed whether machines show human-like behaviors or not. Finally, an analysis is made on how and in what way artificial intelligence contributes to education, what the advantages and disadvantages of artificial intelligence are, and which artificial intelligence applications can be used in education. The research was conducted with a literature review from qualitative research methods. Artificial intelligence has provided students with enhanced learning experiences as it enables learning materials to be customized and personalized according to students' needs and abilities. AI in general has had a major impact on education, especially on the management, teaching and learning areas of the education sector or in the context of individual learning institutions.
Preeklampsia berat dengan HELLP sindrom dan IUFD
Authors: Kusmardika Dina Amalia , Puspitasari Ratna Dewi
Published: October 2023

Abstrak

Pendahuluan: Preeklampsia adalah sebuah sindrom dalam kehamilan yang dapat memengaruhi gangguan fungsi fisiologis pada organ lainnya. Preeklampsia merupakan salah satu faktor risiko penyakit ibu yang dapat menyebabkan komplikasi pada bayi berupa kelahiran prematur, gawat janin, berat badan lahir rendah dan IUFD.

Ilustrasi kasus: Ny. O usia 32 tahun G3P1A1 hamil 27 minggu datang sebagai rujukan bidan dengan keluhan tekanan darah tinggi dan nyeri kepala yang telah dirasakan sejak 1 minggu sebelum masuk rumah sakit, pasien merasa bahwa tubuhnya membengkak, beberapa hari setelahnya ibu mengeluhkan nyeri pada ulu hati dan terdapat pengelihatan kabur. Pada pemeriksaan fisik ditemukan TD 185/90, dan edema anasarka. Pada pemeriksaan obstetric ditemukan TFU 20 cm setinggi 2 jari dibawah umbilikus, presentasi kepala, punggung kiri, DJJ tidak dapat ditemukan. Pada pemeriksaan penunjang ditemukan nilai trombosit 70.000, LDH 1.222 ureum 49, kreatinin 1,63, SGOT 58, SGPT 47.

Simpulan: Pasien didiagnosis G3P1A1 hamil 27 minggu dengan Preeklamsia berat (PEB) +  HELLP sindrom janin tunggal mati presentasi kepala. Dipilih tatalaksana terminasi kehamilan pervaginam
Usia Ibu Sebagai Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Plasenta Previa
Authors: Hero Salma Khairunnisa , Rodiani Rodiani , Putri Giska Tri
Published: October 2023

Plasenta previa merupakan penutupan lengkap atau sebagian dari lubang serviks bagian dalam oleh plasenta. Plasenta previa merupakan salah satu penyebab perdarahan post partum dan merupakan sebuah kondisi yang dapat menyebabkan morbiditas dan mortalitas bagi ibu dan bayi. Plasenta previa berpotensi untuk menjadi sebuah kegawatan. Plasenta previa terletak di segmen bawah rahim dan menyebabkan terjadinya obstruksi pada serviks. Hal ini dapat membuat proses kelahiran pervaginam menjadi lebih sulit dan berisiko, bahkan hingga menyebabkan kematian akibat perdarahan. Terdapat beberapa faktor yang dapat menjadi faktor risiko terjadinya plasenta previa, yaitu paritas, riwayat kuretase, operasi sesar, riwayat plaseenta previa sebelumnya, kehamilan ganda, tumor, dan usia. Pada usia <20 tahun sistem reproduksi masih belum matang. Endometrium pada bagian fundus uteri yang belum matang menjadi penyebab plasenta melekat dan tumbuh pada segmen bawah rahim. Pada usia >35 tahun, sistem reproduksi mengalami penurunan, salah satunya adalah penurunan aliran darah pada uterus. Sehingga plasenta akan berimplantasi pada bagian yang lebih banyak memiliki aliran darah.
Pendekatan Diagnostik, Faktor Risiko, dan Tatalaksana Neuropati Diabetik
Authors: MY Bima Muhammad Labib , Rahmayani Fidha , Mutiara Hanna
Published: October 2023

Abstrak

Neuropati diabetik adalah komplikasi diabetes melitus yang paling sering terjadi. Sebanyak 25% penderita diabetes melitus di dunia dan 54% di Indonesia menderita neuropati diabetik Diagnosis dapat dilakukan dengan skoring Diabetic Neuropathy Symptom (DNS) dan Diabetic Neuropathy Examination (DNE). Penderita diabetes melitus harus memperhatikan faktor-faktor yang dapat menjadi risiko seperti asupan karbohidrat, aktivitas fisik, durasi menderita, dan kepatuhan minum obat untuk mencegah komplikasi neuropati diabetik. Penatalaksanaan neuropati diabetik dapat dilakukan dengan obat-obatan maupun terapi suportif lainnya. Artikel ini menggunakan metode literature review dari berbagai rujukan jurnal nasional dan internasional dengan kata kunci pencarian berikut: prevalence, diagnosis, risk factors, dan management of diabetic neuropathy.
Efektivitas Ekstrak Buah Adas (Foeniculum vulgare) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah
Authors: Maharani Siti , Kurniati Intanri , Tjiptaningrum Agustyas
Published: October 2023

Diabetes melitus merupakan kondisi yang terjadi saat kadar glukosa darah melebihi batas normal. Hal ini disebabkan akibat pankreas tidak cukup memproduksi insulin atau karena insulin yang diproduksi tidak efektif dalam membantu penyerapan glukosa ke dalam sel tubuh. Prevalensi diabetes pada tahun 2019 di dunia diperkirakan mencapai 463 juta orang pada usia 20-79 tahun. Diabetes melitus lebih banyak diderita oleh laki-laki di dunia yaitu 9,65% dari populasi dunia, sementara prevalensi penderita berjenis kelamin wanita sebanyak 9%. Indonesia menempati peringkat ke-7 penderita diabetes melitus terbanyak di dunia. Indonesia memiliki sebanyak 10,7 juta penderita diabetes melitus yang tercatat. DKI Jakarta menempati urutan pertama penderita diabetes melitus terbanyak di Indonesia yaitu sebanyak 3,4% penduduk. Pengobatan diabetes melitus bukan bertujuan untuk menyembuhkan penyakit secara total, melainkan hanya dapat mengendalikan kadar gula darah agar berada dalam batas normal. Salah satu penyebab timbulnya diabetes melitus yaitu akibat terjadinya stres oksidatif. Salah satu tanaman herbal yang dikenal memiliki kandungan antioksidan adalah buah adas (Foeniculum vulgare). terjadinya stres oksidatif. Adas memiliki kandungan flavonoid, saponin, cardiac glycoside, terpenoid, dan tannin. Senyawa-senyawa ini memiliki efek antihiperglikemik dengan menghambat alfa glukosidase. Flavonoid merupakan senyawa antioksidan yang dapat berperan dalam mencegah stres oksidatif yang berhubungan dengan diabetes melitus.
Hubungan Rinitis Alergi dengan Kejadian Asma Bronkial
Authors: Istiqomah Dinni , Imanto Mukhlis
Published: October 2023

Rinitis alergi merupakan salah satu faktor risiko terjadinya asma. Perkembangan penyakit asma umumnya lebih banyak terjadi pada pasien dengan rinitis alergi. Hal tersebut sesuai dengan data epidemiologis yang menyatakan bahwa telah terjadi peningkatan kasus rinitis alergi yang disertai asma secara global. Rinitis alergi dan asma sama-sama diperantarai oleh Imunoglobulin E (IgE). Korelasi antara hambatan aliran udara hidung penderita rinitis alergi dan hambatan aliran udara paru akibat proses inflamasi yang terjadi di mukosa hidung penderita rinitis alergi dan asma dapat diketahui dengan mengamati nasal airflow dan bronchial airflow. Diagnosis asma dapat diketahui dengan mengukur nilai Forced Expiratory Volume in One Second Percent (FEV1%). Pada penderita rinitis alergi ditemukan penurunan FEV1% dan didapatkan reversibilitas setelah dilakukan bronchodilator test. Reversibilitas tersebut dikaitkan dengan durasi rinitis alergi yang lama (kronik) dan keterbatasan aliran udara bronkial dini (early bronchial airflow limitation). Penurnan FEV1% dan reversibilitas tersebut menunjukkan adanya BHR, terutama pada pasien rinitis alergi persisten dan sedang-berat. Durasi dan jenis sensitisasi (alergen) diidentifikasikan sebagai penanda prognostik awal keterlibatan BHR pada pasien rinitis alergi. Dengan mengetahui nilai FEV1% pada penderita rinitis alergi diharapkan dapat menjadi tindakan preventif untuk terjadinya asma.
Comparative analysis of physico-chemical, organoleptic parameters and amino acid composition of various types of poultry meat
Authors: Maizhanova A. O. , Amirkhanov K. Zh. , Zhakupbekova Sh. K. , Suichinov A. K.
Published: October 2023

The article presents the results of studies of physico-chemical and organoleptic parameters of various types of poultry meat. One of the important indicators in determining the quality of raw materials and when choosing them as raw materials for further processing is its physico-chemical properties and organoleptic indicators. Under laboratory conditions, the results of a study were obtained to determine the physico-chemical parameters (moisture, protein, fat, ash, pH, moisture binding ability of minced meat), organoleptic parameters (appearance, color, smell, consistency, transparency and aroma of broth, juiciness) of the quality of poultry meat of various types. The most commonly consumed types of poultry meat were purchased as research samples: broiler poultry, turkey meat and duck meat. According to the results of the study of physico-chemical studies, it was found that turkey breast fillet contains more protein and less fat than broiler breast fillet and duck. The highest moisture binding capacity was observed in turkey meat 78.3%. The pH results of the studied samples showed the value of fresh meat suitable for further processing for the production of meat products. The article also presents the results of a comparative assessment of the biological value of poultry meat. The results of the study make it possible to assess the quality of regional raw materials.
Recent advances of the biosensor in microbial sensing
Authors: Temirzhanova Z. N.
Published: October 2023

In this review, we discussed the design and manufacture of point-of-care test (POST) devices for the detection of microbial pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. Electrochemical methods and current advances in the field were highlighted in terms of integrated electrochemical platforms, which include mainly microfluidic based approaches and integrated smartphone and Internet of things (IoM) and internet of medical things (IoMT) systems. In addition, the availability of commercial biosensors for the detection of microbial pathogens will be reported. At the end, challenges in point-of-care (POC) biosensor fabrication and expected future advances in biosensor technology were discussed. Integrated biosensor-based platforms with IoM/IoMT typically collect data to track the spread of infectious diseases in the community, which would be useful in terms of better preparedness for current and future pandemics and is expected to prevent social and economic losses.

In the last decade, the science of biosensors has made tremendous progress in diagnosing diseases. Drug-resistant bacteria are outperforming drug discovery efforts, jeopardizing modern antibiotics and threatening many inevitable medical procedures that are taken for granted. Combating this worldwide threat will require the invention and application of ever-wider diagnostics of infectious diseases.
Acoustical Analysis of Insertion Losses of Ceiling Materials
Authors: Enobong Patrick Obot  , Rufus Chika Okoro  , Daniel Effiong Oku  , Christian Nlemchukwu Nwosu  , Michael Ugwu Onuu
Published: October 2023

This study concentrates on measuring, analyzing and recommending the ceiling materials most suited for the reduction of distinct frequency noise levels with focus on rain noise. A frequency analyzer has been used to measure and obtained accurate sound level (LP) data of the rain noise outside, and inside five buildings with diverse acoustical ceiling materials in South Eastern Nigeria. It was done with and without the ceiling partition (or noise barrier) for the audio and narrow frequency band without contribution from other outdoor-related noise sources. Insertion losses of the ceiling materials were calculated using the data obtained from the measured LP. Result obtained from the analysis indicated that the ceiling material found to effectively reduce the noise levels from external noise source. The type for speech reception threshold frequencies of more than 125 Hz and higher audiometric range was moabi wood with peak LP of 21.20 dB at 500 Hz. While for lower frequencies where the ears are least responsive was plaster of Paris (POP) with peak LP of 12.61 dB at 62.5 Hz. This makes “moabi wood” most suitable in lecture rooms, conference halls and large auditoriums as ceiling material, in consideration of its capability to provide notable attenuation of rain noise within the building. This is in accordance with several other studies done on this subject. In general, at much low frequencies and frequencies greater than 2k Hz significant reduction in the rain noise level was observed.
İzmir’in Cumhuriyet ile Birlikte Yeniden İnşası ve İzmir Şehir Anıtlarının Cumhuriyet Temsili
Authors: TOKMAK Ahmet , KARA İlyas
Published: October 2023

Bağımsızlık mücadelesinin varış noktası olarak Cumhuriyet, Türk halkı için 1923 tarihinde bir umut olarak doğmuştur. Cumhuriyet’in ilanı ile yeşeren bu umut tüm yurtta büyük bir coşku ve heyecanla karşılanmıştır. Kurtuluş Savaşı kahramanı, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kurucusu Gazi Mustafa Kemal Atatürk’ ün en büyük eserim dediği Cumhuriyet kendisinden sonra aynı heyecan ve coşkuyla bugün hala yaşatılmaktadır. Cumhuriyet’ in ilan edildiği dönemde yurdun içinde bulunduğu zorlu koşullar Anadolu halkının fedakârlığı ve özverisi ile aşılmış, kentlerin yeniden inşası süreci ve savaştan çıkmış olmanın getirdiği sıkıntılar ise yönetimsel kararlılık, milli ekonomi politikaları ile çözüm bulmuştur. Kurtuluş Savaşı’nın gazi kentlerinden biri olan İzmir işgalden bağımsızlığa kavuştuğu günlerde büyük bir yangın ile sınanmış ve yangının sebep olduğu zarar kentin büyük çaplı bir imar sürecini ortaya çıkarmıştır. Ancak bu durum kent halkına Cumhuriyet coşkusundan hiçbir şey kaybettirmemiştir. Kentin dört bir yanında karşılaşılan Cumhuriyet temsili anıtlar bunun en güzel ispatıdır. Bu çalışmada İzmir’in Cumhuriyet ile birlikte yeniden inşa edilme süreci ve şehrin işlek bölgelerinde yer alan anıtların Cumhuriyet temsili konu edilmiş, şehrin yeniden imarı sürecinde değişen mimari üslup ve anıtlara ilişkin değerlendirmeler fotoğraflarla sunulmuştur.