bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Seeing Photographically
Authors: McQuire Scott , Pfefferkorn Jasmin , Sunde Emilie K. , Lury Celia , Palmer Daniel
Published: November 2024

This Introduction to the ‘Seeing photographically’ special issue begins with four vignettes drawn from (nearly) two centuries of photographic history. These examples are leveraged to pose critical questions about photography’s transformation since the 19th century, and especially in the first decades of the 21st century, as trajectories associated with digitization, networked distribution, the widespread integration of cameras into mobile devices and the growing application of machine-learning to image-making have all taken hold. Photography has never been more widespread, but its boundaries and specificity seem to have become less and less certain. Beginning from the premise that ‘technological change’ is never simply technological, this issue challenged authors to respond to the theme of ‘seeing photographically’. Their responses clustered around a set of intersecting problematics: the impact of ‘generative AI’ on the photographic field; the way that photography has consistently challenged the (often unconscious) human-centrism of most accounts of perception and seeing; and the challenges associated with theorizing photography as media in the present.
The Automation of Style
Authors: Palmer Daniel , Sluis Katrina
Published: November 2024

In histories of photography, the notion of ‘seeing photographically’ is associated with so-called ‘straight’ photographers such as Edward Weston. It means to train the human-camera eye – to ‘previsualise’ – by conforming to the conditions of what Vilém Flusser calls the “photographic program”. At the same time, seeing photographically is a constant dynamic between a protean technical practice and aesthetic conventions or styles. This paper revisits the notion of seeing photographically to contextualise how notions of photographic style operate in generative imaging practices and AI discourse. We argue that since not only photorealism but the look of photographs from any period or style can be generated with the right combination of prompts and parameters, it has become possible to ‘previsualise’ and ‘see photographically’ by treating the history of photography as a style market. The concept of ‘style’, outdated in art history, becomes newly important and photography becomes a memory to be evoked in ahistorical stylistic evocations.
Problem Experiences and Perspectives in Senior High School: Implications for Student Support Services
Authors: Ochavo Liberty , Gilpo Janne Ly , Lagman Milagros
Published: November 2024

The increasing number of psychosocial problems observed among Senior High School students highlighted the need to provide empirical evidence on how the school’s student services should appropriately respond. This study aimed to determine the problems of the students in senior high school and the perspectives of three sectors: students, faculty, and administrators and officers, regarding their experiences in a private high school in the Philippines. Using convergent parallel research design, the researchers surveyed 455 students through a standardized checklist to identify their problems. Focus group discussion and interviews were conducted to understand the senior high school experiences from 24 participants representing the 3 sectors. Quantitative data was analyzed through frequency, percentages, Fisher’s exact test and chi-square, while qualitative data was analyzed using Creswell’s data analysis procedures. Results showed that the students’ topmost problem areas are found in personal psychological relations, social psychological relations and adjustment to school work, while their specific problems include: wondering if they will be successful in life, not having enough sleep and being lazy. There are significant differences among the topmost problems expressed by students across the following: grade level, strand, gender and socio-economic status, while no significant difference exists between the topmost problems and type of junior high school. Furthermore, six themes emerged from the experiences of each sector. Implications for student services, specifically in guidance and counseling and discipline and formation are discussed. Recommendations are proposed to address the expressed problems and experiences. Keywords: students, problems, experiences, senior high school, support services
Relative Age Effect for Different Playing Positions in Adolescent Female Volleyball Players
Authors: Ntozis Christos , Barzouka Karolina , Skouras Apostolos Z. , Cherouveim Evgenia , Papitsi Flora , Apostolidis Nikolaos , Tsolakis Charilaos
Published: November 2024

Understanding the Relative Age Effect (RAE) in female volleyball can provide a deeper insight into potential developmental advantages and selection biases between playing positions and volleyball-related performance characteristics. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of the RAE in adolescent female volleyball players according to the playing position and the possible differences in anthropometric and performance characteristics between the relative age groups. The study involved 193 young female volleyball players from 12 different regions and 108 sports clubs from all over Greece, with an average age of 14.53 ± 0.31 years, height of 1.67 ± 0.07 m, weight of 57.20 ± 9.10 kg, and body mass index (BMI) of 20.34 ± 2.50. RAE was identified by the birth quarter of each player, categorizing thus the total sample into four sub-groups: Q1 (January–March), Q2 (April–June), Q3 (July–September), and Q4 (OctoberDecember). Anthropometrics, upper and lower limb power, agility, flexibility, and trunk strength were also assessed. The distribution of volleyball players differed significantly across birth quarters (34.19% of Q1, 25.9% of Q2, 22.79% of Q3, 17.09% of Q4; χ2 = 11.788, p = 0.008). Analysis revealed no significant association between birth quarter and playing position (χ2 = 11.314, p = 0.730). Present study’s results indicated no RAE in young female volleyball players regarding their playing position. Also, performance tests did not differ significantly among the RAE groups. Moreover, despite athletes’ early specialization based on assigned playing positions, no differences in athletes’ position-related performance characteristics were observed. These findings suggest that interventions to mitigate RAE should be considered to ensure equitable development opportunities across all playing positions.
The Spectrum Clozaril Clinic
Authors: Nisbet Bruce C. , Dulmus Catherine N. , Greyber Laura R. , Langa Marcia J.
Published: November 2024

Clozaril (generic form Clozapine) is an atypical antipsychotic medication that is appropriate for use with a subset of individuals with psychotic disorders who have not benefited from conventional antipsychotic medications. This article provides an overview of a unique agency-based
integrated outpatient model for treating consumers with Clozaril and reports on twelve years of outcome findings (n=114). These are the outcomes for the first twelve years of the Spectrum Clozaril Clinic for the period of 1993 to 2005. The Spectrum Clozaril Clinic model is built on an interdisciplinary
team approach that emphasizes the importance of regular peer interaction, at-site provision of ancillary services, and full coordination by the team of all other treatment, rehabilitation, and support services, including specialized case management. Results indicate that Clozaril delivered
within this model promotes an unusually high level of recovery from serious mental illness, including a dramatic level of relief from psychotic symptoms, shielding of suicidal impulses, and reducing inpatient hospitalizations.
Consumers as Providers
Authors: Garrison Mary E. , Ackerson Barry J. , Forrest Jennifer
Published: November 2024

Employing consumers of mental health services working as service providers within the mental health system is a recognized form of service delivery that can be a very positive and effective mode of practice. This article explores the conceptual practice of consumers as providers, including
challenges and barriers of dual relationships and boundaries, confidentiality, staff attitudes, competence, and accommodations for both the consumer-providers as well as agencies involved in this practice. Organizational barriers to implementation are identified, case examples are provided,
and recommendations are discussed that offer mental health providers tools to ensure the success of this practice.
Mangahawea Bay Revisited: a reconsideration of the stratigraphy and chronology of site Q05/682
Authors: Robinson James , Blanchard Andrew , Clendon Matutaera Te Nana , Maxwell Justin , Sutton Nicholas , Walter Richard
Published: November 2024

The Mangahawea Bay Site (Q05/682) on Moturua Island in the Bay of Islands was excavated in 1981. A single radiocarbon date from the lower levels returned an age of 1162-1439 AD (95.4% confidence) but the results of the excavation have never been fully reported. Despite some uncertainty about the age and nature of the stratigraphy, the site has long been regarded in the New Zealand archaeological community as a significant example of early occupation in the north. New excavations at Mangahawea Bay in 2017 have clarified the nature of the stratigraphy and provided a more reliable set of radiocarbon determinations. This recent work demonstrates that the site was first occupied for a short period in the early to mid-fourteenth century AD. Following abandonment of the first settlement there is evidence for ongoing, intermittent, activities in the Bay until historic times, but no further occupation at the site itself. These new results provide a foundation for future analysis of the substantial body of excavation material from the 1981 and 2017 excavations.
New excavations at Fa’ahia (Huahine, Society Islands) and chronologies of central East Polynesian colonization
Authors: Anderson Atholl John , Conte Eric , Smith Ian , Szabo Katherine
Published: November 2024

The six-hectare site of Vaito'otia-Fa'ahia on Huahine Island in the Leeward Societies is renowned for its wealth of material culture typifying early East Polynesian settlement, including items of wood and fibre preserved by waterlogging, through the research of Yosihiko Sinoto and colleagues in particular. However, the stratigraphy for much of the excavated area is sketchy and no precise chronology of settlement is available. Renewed excavations in the Fa'hia site area in 2007, although relatively limited in scope produced more stratigraphic detail, additional faunal remains and artefacts, including a patu, and 12 new radiocarbon dates on short lifespan material from the lowest cultural layer which indicate initial human occupation about AD 1050-1160. In the light of this result, recent arguments for earlier initial colonisation of Central East Polynesia are reviewed. Chronological evidence adduced in these relies primarily upon radiocarbon samples with potentially substantial inbuilt age, and it is concluded that there is no compelling case for colonization of the region prior to the early eleventh century AD.
The Long Bay Restaurant site (R10/1374), Auckland, New Zealand, and the archaeology of the mid-15th century in the upper North Island
Authors: Campbell Matthew , Hudson Beatrice , Craig Jacqueline , Cruickshank Arden , Furey Louise , Greig Karen , McAlister Andrew , Marshall Bruce , Nims Reno , Petchey Fiona , Russell Tristan , Trilford Danielle , Wallace Rod
Published: November 2024

Excavation at the Long Bay Restaurant resulted in the discovery and disinterment of 25 pre-European Māori burials. The full clearance and sieving strategy employed to recover all kōiwi tangata (human remains) produced a fine-grained 13 x 12 m excavation of a stratified coastal site, providing detailed faunal and material culture samples. Coupled with a Bayesian radiocarbon analysis that places the six cultural Phases in a tight 55 year span, analysis of the material has contributed to our understanding of social, economic and technological changes that took place in mid to late 15th century in the Auckland region. New Zealand archaeologists have often debated the timing and rate of these changes, as the first East Polynesian settlers became Māori. The Long Bay Restaurant site contributes new data to this debate.
‘Death and his body-servant’: health, architecture and missionary endeavour at the Anelcauhat Mission House, Vanuatu
Authors: Jones Martin , Zubrzycka Adele , Bedford Stuart , Spriggs Matthew , Shing Richard
Published: November 2024

Remaining healthy was a major consideration for both indigenous and European peoples in the New Hebrides (now Vanuatu) during early contact. While local communities were often devastated by introduced disease, new missionaries sought practical ways to overcome the impact of tropical ailments that they considered to undermine the effectiveness of their activities. From the early 1850s onwards, Presbyterian missionaries in the southern New Hebrides began to construct ‘healthy’ homes, of which the surviving masonry mission house at Anelcauhat, Aneityum (1852-3) forms the earliest standing example. This paper draws on the results of both above- and in-ground archaeological recording to examine how the surviving structure reflects nineteenth-century ideas about illness and well-being before discussing the wider trajectory of such house construction, and associated matters connected with local communities, health and architecture that potentially impacted on missionary endeavour.
Voyaging within Aotearoa New Zealand: pre-Contact transport of resources to and from Te Tai Tokerau
Authors: Booth John
Published: November 2024

In certain periods of pre-Contact (pre-1800 AD) times, northern New Zealand’s Te Tai Tokerau was, arguably, as much connected by long-distance waka voyaging to other parts of Aotearoa as had islands of the Hawaiki Zone in the South Pacific been linked to the archipelago of Aotearoa early in its settlement. This korero summarises the evidence by examining transport into Te Tai Tokerau from the south of lithics such as obsidian and argillite, and the transport out of Te Tai Tokerau of lithics, as well as perishables like toheroa (Paphies ventricosa). Although it is seldom possible to categorically differentiate direct procurement of resources from long-distance trade or down-the-line exchange, it is clear that early dispersal of bulky or weighty items at any significant scale to locations well-removed from their native context would invariably have involved significant oceanic passaging. My results corroborate outstanding voyaging and navigational prowess among at least early Māori – skills as highly developed as those of any others in the world at the time, but incisive evidence for discourse between specific, geographically-well-separated bubbles of interacting peoples requires more data.
'Buried with his boots on': An integrated life course case-study of a liminal burial from the New Zealand goldrushes
Authors: Buckley Hallie , Petchey Peter , Ritchie Neville , Kinaston Rebecca , King Charlotte , Geber Jonny , Matisoo-Smith Elizabeth , Snoddy Annie Marie , Stantis Chris , Kendall Ellen , Nowell Geoff , Grocke Darren
Published: November 2024

The New Zealand goldrushes of the mid nineteenth century saw an influx of, mostly, men surging into the Otago region in search of riches. Times were tough and the men had to cope with harsh weather and dangerous work practices to survive. Many lost their lives and most of these men remain anonymous. This paper presents a detailed life-course case study of a middle-aged man who lived, and died, in this biosocial landscape. The integration of osteological, chemical and molecular data reveals a life of hardship in his early years, improved nutrition from adolescence, and poor oral health as an adult. He also experienced injury as an adult and likely periodic nutritional deficiency in the last few years of his life. Morphological and molecular analyses attest to this man being of European ancestry, despite local stories of him being a ‘black man’ who drowned. His grave was liminal, located far from any formal cemetery, and the grave and been disturbed, possibly due to looting. While his identity remains unknown, his earthly remains encapsulate a typical early gold diggers life with experiences of poor beginnings and an ignoble, often anonymous end.
Dwelling Among the Gods: A Late Pre-Contact Priest’s House in Kahikinui, Maui, Hawaiian Islands
Authors: Kirch Patrick V. , Millerstrom Sidsel , Jones Sharyn , McCoy Mark D.
Published: November 2024

We report on the excavation of an upland habitation site in Kahikinui, Maui, interpreted as the residence of a priest (kahuna) in the traditional Hawaiian religious system. The site, consisting of a large stone terrace and walled house foundation, lies within a ceremonial precinct incorporating several temple (heiau) structures. Six radiocarbon dates bracket the period of occupation between AD 1650 and 1820, although the duration of use was probably shorter. Lithic analysis indicates that the house occupants worked both local and imported basalt; retouching of fine-grained basalt adzes within the house suggests wood-working activities. Some of the fine-grained basalt has an off-island origin traced to O'ahu Island. A cache of black and white pebbles may be either gaming pieces or stones used by a priest in divination and disease diagnosis. The faunal assemblage reveals access to a wide variety of status foods, including the prized black-foot limpet, a variety of fishes, wild birds, and domestic pigs, dogs, and chickens. Some of the birds may have been taken for their black or yellow feathers, these colours being associated with Hawaiian deities. In total, the cultural assemblage from site KIP-117 provides a window into the daily life of a Hawaiian priestly household.
Further Investigations at the Naigani Lapita site (VL 21/5), Fiji: Excavation, Radiocarbon Dating and Palaeofaunal Extinction
Authors: Irwin Geoffrey , Worthy Trevor H. , Best Simon , Hawkins Stuart , Carpenter Jonathan , Matararaba Sepeti
Published: November 2024

This paper brings up-to-date a report by S. Best of initial excavations at Naigani in 1981 (Best 1981). The results of subsequent fieldwork in 2000 include the excavation and dating of Lapita-age ovens associated with early settlement and extinct palaeofauna. These include the giant megapode (Megavitiornis altirostris), a species of Ducula pigeon, the giant iguana (Lapitiguana impensa), and probably the endemic crocodile (Volia athollandersoni). The Lapita site of VL 21/5 dates from 900 BC and represents an initial colonising settlement within the Fiji Islands. The period of occupation ended around 750 BC. The significance of Naigani is considered in terms of chronology, ceramic history, economy, extinctions, origins and interactions.
Fishhooks and Adzes: The pointed and edgy nexus of culture, technology, and early capitalism in Hawai‘i
Authors: Bayman James M.
Published: November 2024

The political economy of European contact, emergent colonialism, and the construction of culture are understudied topics of Pacific archaeology. This study examines the dynamic nature of Hawaiian technologies as they were materialized in the persistence of shell fishhooks and stone adzes after the arrival of Europeans in AD 1778. Archaeological site records and documentary accounts reveal that Hawaiians continued to make shell fishhooks and stone adzes after the introduction of iron counterparts. While iron fishhooks and adzes circulated through both traditional and newly adopted capitalist modes of exchange, some Hawaiians continued using hooks and adzes made from local raw materials. A complex set of factors accounts for this phenomenon. Political and economic factors constrained access to shell (for making hooks), and iron (for making adzes), but cultural imperatives also limited the initial desire for iron tools. These patterns underscore the importance of research on technology for understanding cultural consequences of world capitalism in Oceania’s indigenous societies.
Farming the Rock: A biogeochemical perspective on intensive agriculture in Polynesia
Authors: Vitousek Peter M. , Chadwick Oliver A. , Hotchkiss Sara C. , Ladefoged Thegn N. , Stevenson Christopher M.
Published: November 2024

In pre-contact Hawai‘i, large and intensive rainfed agricultural systems were established only where ongoing weathering of basalt-derived minerals could provide a sustained source of nutrients to crop plants. We demonstrated that the high-elevation, high- rainfall boundary of the Leeward Kohala Field System corresponded to a well-defined threshold in soil fertility, above which soils were acidic and infertile and rock weathering was depleted as a source of biological nutrients. The single most reliable indicator of this boundary was the concentration of exchangeable Ca in soil; rainfed agricultural infrastructure was absent where exchangeable Ca was below ~10 meq/100 g of soil. However, irrigated taro pondfields frequently were developed in windward valleys in soils with <10 meq/100 g exchangeable Ca. In these areas, irrigation water brought a sustained supply of basalt-derived nutrients to pondfields; in effect, rainfed systems brought crops to where basalt was breaking down and supplying nutrients, while irrigation water brought the nutrients resulting from the breakdown of basalt to crops. In contrast to Hawai‘i, most of Rapa Nui has soils with <10 meq/100 g exchangeable Ca, but fine-scale erosion and deposition (probably reinforced in some cases by cultural practices) enhanced soil fertility to near this threshold within intensively cultivated rock gardens.
A Note on Hawaiian Stone Axes
Authors: Kahn Jennifer G. , Dye Thomas S.
Published: November 2024

As part of a project to describe and classify more than 800 Hawaiian stone adzes held in the ethnographic and archaeological collections at Bishop Museum in Honolulu, 11 finely-finished, double-beveled stone tools, which resemble modern axe or hatchet blades, were identified and described. These 11 axes were surprising finds in the collection because double-beveled stone tools have been reported as absent in Hawai‘i and in the Duff typology are restricted to heavy, crudely-finished tools commonly recovered in Mangareva but not found elsewhere in Polynesia. Building on the replication experiments carried out by Turner and her colleagues in New Zealand, it is suggested that stone tools in Hawai‘i and elsewhere in Polynesia be classified functionally, rather than grouped according to the type/variety system devised by Duff.
Revised Radiocarbon Dates for Mwanihuki, Makira: a c. 3000 BP aceramic site in the Southeast Solomon Islands.
Authors: Blake Natalie , Gibbs Martin , Roe David
Published: November 2024

Excavation of three middens on Mwanihuki, located on the north coast of Makira in the southeast Solomon Islands has returned radiocarbon dates that show an initial occupation bracket between 3351±42 BP and 2975±21 BP (uncalibrated). The material culture of this phase consisted of a small amount of subsistence shell and worked chert, and an absence of any ceramics. This date range, along with the absence of the distinctive Lapita type dentate stamped pottery has aligned phasing of this site with the contemporaneous aceramic Vatuluma Posovi cave site in central Guadalcanal.
Stone Axes as Grave Markers on Kiwai Island, Fly River Delta, Papua New Guinea
Authors: McNiven Ian J.
Published: November 2024

Measuring up to 54 cm in length and 8.29 kg in weight, stone axes recovered from ethnographic and archaeological contexts on Kiwai Island at the mouth of the Fly River of southwest Papua New Guinea are amongst the largest stone axes in the word. Detailed investigation of ethnographic accounts and associated museum collections made by colonial administrators, missionaries, and anthropologists from the 1890s-1910s reveals that these huge axes had a singular ceremonial function, mostly as grave markers. Initial petrographic assessment of Kiwai axes supports ethnographic recordings that owing to the stoneless character of the Trans-Fly region, all Kiwai axes must be imports, probably from Torres Strait. Information gleaned from ethnographic museum collections in Australia and England provide the basis for framing future archaeological research questions on Kiwai axes, such as determining the antiquity of axe manufacture and use, the range of contexts of use and deposition, and ceremonial axe biographies in terms of initial use as tools.
The Cult of the Birdman: Religious Change at ‘Orongo, Rapa Nui (Easter Island)
Authors: Robinson Taylor , Stevenson Christopher M
Published: November 2024

On the island of Rapa Nui the Cult of the Birdman reflected a very visible expression of political competition and cooperation at the island-wide level. This paper synthesizes recent archaeological and chronological information for the cult’s central site – ‘Orongo, in order to document the temporal shift in ideology from an emphasis on lineage autonomy to a more integrated leadership. While Rapa Nui was experiencing internal pressures from the loss of arable land and territory reconfiguration, brought on by soil nutrient depletion and limited rainfall, we hypothesize it was only the events associated with repeated European contact that were sufficiently disruptive to initiate rapid social change at the collective level. One social response was a realignment of ideological values represented by the formation of the Cult of the Birdman.  The first cult activities, in front of the stone houses at ‘Orongo, occurred during the early AD1600s.  Activities intensified near AD1800 possibly due to the negative impacts of European contact and it is hypothesized that stone house construction occurred at this time.
Fishing strategies at an open-coast fishing site in east-Northland, New Zealand
Authors: Booth John , Booth C E , Booth W E , Booth R S , Rihari H T
Published: November 2024

About 200 items collected at Archaeological Site Q04/44 at Paraenui Bay, just north of Bay of Islands, New Zealand, are associated with apparently late pre-Contact fishing. Although the collection methodology was not systematic, the assemblage offers novel insights into fishing strategies. The significant presence of small (≤25 mm, usually one-piece) fishhooks could mean leatherjackets Meuschenia scaberwere a focus, their skin having been used as surrogate sandpaper in pre-Contact Northland. The presence of more than 30 large (almost certainly northern) spiny dogfish Squalus griffinispines point to fishing sorties into deep waters (100 m and beyond).
A plant microfossil and parasite record from Palliser Bay stone garden systems, New Zealand, reveals Māori translocations and helminthiasis
Authors: Horrocks Mark , Dodd Andy , Bickler Simon , Presswell Bronwen , Carley Dave
Published: November 2024

The study of Māori agriculture, including almost all the numerous Māori stone garden sites recorded in both the North and South Islands, has been limited by lack of evidence in the form of plant remains. Here we address this under-research by providing microfossil analyses (pollen, phytoliths, and starch) of 22 archaeological soil samples across a 14 km range, with an additional sample from 11 km distant, from Palliser Bay in the southern North Island. Results show evidence of Māori translocations, comprising cf. Ipomoea batatas, cf. Colocasia esculenta, and cf. Cordyline fruticosa, to date the southernmost New Zealand report for the latter two. The presence of cf. I. batatas and cf. C. esculenta starch remains in relatively large amounts in almost all samples and small amounts in fewer samples, respectively, suggests that the latter was more of a minor crop in Palliser Bay. Samples taken for microfossil analyses also contained the dog parasites (Dipyl­idium caninum and Toxocara canis). The microfossil evidence supports the view that the southern extent of Māori cultivation of introduced warmer climate crops in temperate New Zealand was variably, progressively limited by length of growing season requirements.
As Peculiaridades da sindicância no âmbito do Exército Brasileiro
Authors: Coutinho Bahia de Souza Paula , Da Silva Rondon de Assis Cirelene Maria
Published: November 2024

A sindicância é a principal feição do processo administrativo no âmbito do Exército Brasileiro. Com características peculiares e regida por ato normativo próprio, concilia, além do caráter procedimental, típico da sindicância investigativa, a natureza processual, mediante a observância dos princípios constitucionais e legais, sobretudo o contraditório e a ampla defesa. Ademais, além do caráter disciplinar, deve ser instaurada para apurar fatos que possam impactar em direitos de militares, servidores civis ou administrados. Nesse contexto, este artigo busca analisar as peculiaridades do rito da sindicância conduzida no âmbito da Força Armada terrestre, tendo por problema de pesquisa o estudo da sua natureza jurídica, bem como discutir a legalidade do procedimento previsto nas Instruções Gerais para a Elaboração de Sindicância no Âmbito do Exército Brasileiro (EB10-IG-09.001), aprovadas pela Portaria do Comandante do Exército nº 107, de 13 de fevereiro de 2012. Trabalhar-se-á com a hipótese de sua dupla natureza jurídica, as quais obedecem ao disposto na legislação de regência, sobretudo a Lei de Processo Administrativo Federal (Lei nº 9.784/1999). Para tanto, será utilizado o método hipotético-dedutivo, por meio de pesquisa dogmática e documental.
The Use of Social Media for Knowledge Exchange in the Era of Misinformation by the Tanzania Higher Education Students
Authors: Msafiri Ponera Jaffar , Mishake M. Mubuyaeta Mishake M. Mubuyaeta
Published: November 2024

Rationale of Study – This paper investigates how Tanzanian Higher Education students utilise social media to share knowledge in the era of misinformation. The study specifically examined whether the chosen higher education institutions (HEI) provide training to help students become skilled information users capable of determining the reliability of the information.Methodology – This study used mixed-methods research and adopted a convergent research design. Parallel mixed-methods sampling was used to select 239 postgraduate students from four selected higher education institutions in northern Tanzania out of 633 postgraduate students. An online survey was used to collect data from postgraduate students, while interviews were conducted with eight heads of academic departments of the selected HEIs.Findings – The findings revealed that the HEIs selected for the study provide students with training on information use, copyright issues, avoiding plagiarism, and social media use and its associated risks. Findings further show that training was not regularly conducted. Findings further demonstrate that policies on social media use had been included in other institutional policies and procedures, such as ICT policies, student guidebooks, and internet use policies; however, only some of the selected HEIs had a stand-alone policy on social media usage.Implications – It is recommended that HEIs in Tanzania formulate policies and guidelines to guide the proper usage of social media. Training should be offered to capacitate students on the proper uses of social media.Originality – This is part of the broader PhD study submitted at the University of South Africa (UNISA
Students’ experiences with the utilisation of the 4IR technologies in online learning: a case study of institutions of higher learning in Botswana and Zambia
Authors: Shonhe Liah , Jain Priti , Akakandelwa Akakandelwa
Published: November 2024

Rationale of Study – This study delved into students' experiences with using 4IR technologies in institutions of higher learning.Methodology – Adopting a cross-sectional descriptive survey design, this study targeted students in higher learning institutions in Botswana and Zambia. Data was collected through an online questionnaire (Google Forms). Quantitative data was analysed using IBM SPSS version 26 for descriptive statistics, while qualitative data was analysed manually using a thematic technique.Findings – The findings suggest that higher institutions of learning in Botswana and Zambia have taken steps to integrate 4IR technologies by utilising learning management systems, virtual classrooms, video conferencing tools, and social media platforms. However, there is still a need to further incorporate advanced technologies such as blockchain, AI virtual teaching assistants, augmented reality (AR), and virtual reality (VR) to exploit the potential of Education 4.0 fully.Implications – The insights derived from this study offer valuable guidance for policymakers, educational administrators, and instructors seeking to contribute to advancing Sustainable Development Goal 4 in the Southern African region.Originality – This study is one of the few exploring the perspectives of 4IR among students in the Southern African education sector
Academic staff perceptions of knowledge sharing practices in the Faculty of Communication and Information Science, National University of Science and Technology, Zimbabwe
Authors: Dewah Peterson
Published: November 2024

Rationale of Study – The purpose of this study was to find out whether academics in the Faculty of Communication and Information Science, National University of Science and Technology (NUST), Zimbabwe freely share academic knowledge.Methodology – The study adopted a descriptive survey design. Using a census method, a questionnaire was administered to 55 academics in the faculty. Data collected was analysed using Microsoft Excel, frequency count and simple percentages.Findings – The results indicate that academics in the faculty are aware of the importance of sharing knowledge but they do not share it frequently as and when it is necessary; NUST creates an environment for knowledge sharing though the Internet is not reliable for easy access of online digital resources, connectivity and flow of knowledge; academics require knowledge for postgraduate supervision, writing grant proposals.Implications – This paper can be used as a stepping stone to develop an institutionalised written university knowledge management policy to help set standards and initialise the knowledge sharing and transfer in the Faculty of Communication and Information Science at NUST.Originality – This empirical study will contribute to the theoretical knowledge on knowledge sharing in the higher education sector, which has been neglected in universities. It also contributes to knowledge on KM in the institutions of higher learning.
Adoption of Web 2.0 tools for the Promotion of Services and Resources in University Libraries in SouthSouth, Nigeria
Authors: Obaidjevwe Ogbomo Dr. Monday , Osaze Ijiekhuamhen Patrick
Published: November 2024

Rationale of Study – This study investigated the adoption of Web 2.0 tools to promote library services and resources in university libraries in South-South, Nigeria.Methodology – The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The population of the study was 164 librarians in university libraries that use Web 2.0. These university libraries were identified by physical visit as well as searching their Web 2.0 presence online. The total enumeration sampling technique was used for the study due to the manageable size of the population. Data was collected using questionnaires. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the data collected.Findings – The study showed that the major Web 2.0 tools used by librarians to promote library services and resources are Facebook, Whatsapp, Instagram and Twitter. LinkedIn, Google+, YouTube, Snapchat, Skype, wikis, and blogs are used minimally. The findings revealed that the services librarians are promoting using the Web 2.0 tools are user education, research help services, reference services, extension and outreach services, selective dissemination of information, announcement, loan services, and book reservation. The challenges affecting the use of Web 2.0 in university libraries include lack of policy on the use of Web 2.0, erratic power supply, and inadequate Internet infrastructure.Implications – The findings of this study can be used by university libraries to develop promotional services using Web 2.0 tools.Originality – This is an original, empirical study conducted in university libraries in South-South Nigeria.
Knowledge Management Practices in Academic Libraries in Ghana
Authors: Odarkor Entsua-Mensah Florence , T. B. Van Der Walt Van Der Walt
Published: November 2024

Rationale of Study – This study investigated the extent and nature of knowledge management practices among Ghanaian academic libraries.Methodology – To achieve the aims of the study, an exploratory survey research design was employed. The study was mainly qualitative, with data collected from thirty-one (31) head librarians of the selected academic libraries using interviews. Data collected were analysed using the thematic approach.Findings – Findings showed that the extent and nature of KM by academic libraries were bifurcated, given that the academic libraries had to deal with knowledge from two streams. One is knowledge gained through professional library practices and the second deals with knowledge from the academic community, including both student and faculty research. The findings also showed that with regards to the knowledge management practices employed by libraries to manage knowledge in academic libraries, mentorship, coaching, peer assistance, refresher courses, open access, conferences, orientation programmes and brainstorming were some of the KMP used in the academic libraries of Ghana.Implications – The way forward for academic libraries to fully embrace KM is for academic institutions to properly equip their libraries with modern technologies.Originality – This is one of the few studies exploring KM practices in academic libraries in sub-Saharan Africa.
Provision of Library Services for Quality Information Literacy in Emerging Knowledge Society: The Case of Nigerian Academic Libraries
Authors: Adedayo Moruf Hawwau
Published: November 2024

Rationale of Study – The emergence of a knowledge society driven by ubiquitous information and Information Communication Technology (ICT) has made knowledge to become the key resource facilitating the creation of new economic and social configurations. The challenge of managing abundant information available far and wide in a knowledge society finds most people unequipped with appropriate knowledge and skills. This, therefore, requires information literacy skills to cope with the challenge. The paper examines the provision of library services towards the improvement of information literacy in emerging knowledge society.Methodology – This study conducted a systematic literature review using classical approach. It explores scholarly databases including Google Scholar, ERIC, Science Direct and other institutional databases for literature search. Systematic search was carried out with key-word and title search synthesis in order to select and review the existing literature.Findings – Findings indicate that information literacy being a strong pillar of a knowledge society is central to educational and national developments. Hence, quality information literacy curricula and improved information literacy service by academic libraries. Also, library well-funded with modern ICT tools and information experts have the potential to foster information literacy in knowledge society through their services.Practical Implications – The findings of study would enable stakeholders in education sector and other related agencies to support libraries objectives in imparting information literacy education by formulating educational policies that give room for information literacy education, review information literacy curricula for academic libraries, as well as support library at all levels with funds to run information literacy initiatives and programmes.Originality – This is a conceptual review paper where scholarly literature on provision of library services for quality information literacy in Nigerian academic libraries were systematically analysed and relevant cited headings adopted.
Selection Criteria and Usage of Automation Software among Librarians in University Libraries in South-South, Nigeria
Authors: Francisca Ogbomo Esoswo , Ogo Emuejevoke Paul
Published: November 2024

Rationale of Study –The study was guided by four research questions which are: what are the automated services rendered in university libraries in South-South Nigeria? What criteria do librarians use in the selection of automation software in university libraries? What are the automation software packages used by librarians in university libraries? To what extent do librarians in university libraries use automation software?Methodology – This study adopted a descriptive survey design. The population of the study was 172 librarians from 10 university libraries that use automation software in South-South, Nigeria. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire. Frequencies and statistical mean (with the criterion mean placed at 2.50) were used to answer the research questions.Findings – The findings of the study revealed that the automated services rendered in university libraries in South-South, Nigeria are cataloguing, circulation, and reference services. Librarians consider cost, vendor credibility, system management, support and maintenance, software reliability, functionality and user friendliness when selecting automation software for use in university libraries. KOHA, Strategic Library Automation Management, New Generation Library, and Alexandria are the software packages being used in university libraries in South-South, Nigeria, although the extent of usage is low.Practical Implications – The findings from this study can act as a guide to library management in drawing out the criteria for consideration for selecting automation software.Originality – The study was an original research conducted on the selection criteria and usage of automation software in university libraries in South-South, Nigeria.
Integration of gamification tools in learning management systems for augmenting students’ academic performance in higher education
Authors: Mariga Bogonko Ben , Keng’ara Tombe Ronald , Cherono Maina Jane , Benard Maake Magara Benard Maake Magara
Published: November 2024

Rationale of Study – The purpose of this investigation was to identify the common gamification elements and their impact on students’ academic performance, the theoretical foundations of gamification as well as to investigate gamification models used in teaching and learning in higher education.Methodology – Bibliometric analyses were used in this work to reveal the patterns and effect of implementing gamification in education.Findings – The findings of the review confirmed that the investigation verified the widespread use of gamification elements such as badges, levels, points and leader boards. Further, self-determination theory was found playing a significant and pervasive influence in the acceptance of integrating gamification elements since they satisfy the psychological needs of competence, autonomy and relatedness in higher education.Implications – This study recommends to the university management to encourage eLearning lecturers to incorporate a variety of gamification tools in teaching and learning in the spirit of enhancing students’ interaction and engagement capabilities.Originality – This research is important for educational policymakers, practitioners, and theorists. More research on gamification and game components in diverse educational contexts is encouraged, including experimental research approaches as well as bibliometrics analyses.
Engager les parents dans la prévention de la violence dans les relations amoureuses des jeunes : une évaluation qualitative de la composante parentale du programme Étincelles
Authors: Piché Estelle , Hébert Élizabeth , Fernet Mylène , Hébert Martine
Published: November 2024

La violence dans les relations amoureuses des adolescent·es (VRA) représente un enjeu de santé publique associé à plusieurs conséquences néfastes et chroniques sur le plan de la santé mentale et physique. La prévalence alarmante de cette problématique souligne la nécessité de déployer des stratégies préventives efficaces dès l’adolescence. Malgré le rôle crucial des parents dans la prévention de la VRA, les initiatives leur offrant des outils restent limitées. Le programme Étincelles, dispensé en milieu scolaire au Québec, cible la promotion des relations amoureuses positives et la prévention de la VRA chez les jeunes de 3ème et 4ème secondaire (14 à 16 ans). Il inclut une composante pour outiller les parents à s’engager dans la prévention de la VRA chez les jeunes à l’aide de sept capsules vidéo. Cette étude qualitative vise à documenter : 1) l’appréciation des parents; 2) les effets perçus et 3) leurs recommandations quant aux capsules vidéo du programme Étincelles. À la suite de leur visionnement, un total de 17 parents (82,4 % femmes; 76,5 % âgé·es entre 40 et 49 ans) a participé à une entrevue individuelle semi-dirigée. Une analyse thématique a révélé une appréciation positive du contenu pédagogique des capsules, perçues comme étant particulièrement efficaces pour favoriser l’engagement éducatif des parents face aux relations amoureuses des jeunes. Les recommandations formulées soulignent la pertinence de diversifier les modalités d’intervention pour élargir la portée du programme. Les capsules vidéo du programme Étincelles apparaissent donc comme une modalité d’intervention prometteuse pour engager activement les parents dans la prévention de la VRA auprès des jeunes.
„Mylėti Lietuvą iš tolo": Lietuvos generaliniai konsulai Čikagoje Juzefa ir Petras Povilas Daužvardžiai
Authors: Petraitytė-Briedienė Asta
Published: November 2024

Diplomatai dr. Petras Povilas Daužvardis ir Juzefa Rauktytė-Daužvardienė, vyras ir žmona, buvo Lietuvos atstovai JAV. Nuo 1937 m. J. ir P. P. Daužvardžių užimamos konsulinės pareigos Čikagoje, jų įvairios viešos veiklos ir privatūs gyvenimai buvo tampriai susiję su Lietuva ir jos piliečiais krašte ir emigracijoje. Dokumentinė medžiaga, kuri yra saugoma ir prieinama Lietuvoje ir JAV archyvinėse institucijose, iki šiol paskelbta mokslinė literatūra ir išlikusi gyvoji atmintis (t. y. asmenys , kurie pažinojo abu ar vieną iš diplomatų) rekonstruoja Daužvardžių gyvenimo istorijas, o konsulų veikla leidžia „peržengti“ tradicinės biografijos rėmus ir modeliuoti kelis atskirus ir tarpusavy susijusius tinklus: institucinė veikla, vieša veikla, privati veikla. Diplomatų Daužvardžių prigimtinė diplomatija ir patriotizmas gali būti chrestomatiniu pavyzdžiu ir tautiečiui krašte ir emigracijoje.
¿Qué impulsa a profesionales del diseño a ser docentes?
Authors: Massaguer Lluc
Published: November 2024

Una colega de profesión (y amiga) nos contaba que un grupo de estudiantes se le acercó al final de una clase, con mucha preocupación. Con nerviosismo le pidieron si le podían hacer una pregunta un poco personal. Querían saber por qué tenían tantos profesores y profesoras profesionales del diseño en aquel máster. Creían que eso era una señal de que la profesión no iba bien y que, al no tener trabajo, no tenían otra opción que dedicarse la docencia, como solución de supervivencia