bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of salivary MMP levels in periodontitis patients with uncontrolled diabetes
Authors: Kasnak Gökhan , Cantürk Ural , Karagülle Liubov
Published: November 2024

Background/Aim: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and periodontitis are both characterized as chronic inflammatory disorders that have a mutually influential association. Dysregulation of glucose levels in individuals with T2DM has a significant impact on the pathophysiology and equilibrium of inflammatory mediators. Multiple mediators are produced throughout the inflammatory cascade of periodontitis and T2DM, including matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Objective of this study was to determine if the levels of MMP-3, -8, -9 are attributed to grade III periodontitis patients with uncontrolled T2DM. Material and Methods: Non-smoker 75 individuals with Grade III periodontitis were recruited and were divided into three groups according to the stages of their periodontal status. 75 systemically healthy individuals without periodontitis were served as control. Periodontal clinical metrics, plaque score, gingival bleeding index, probing pocket depth, and clinical attachment level, for each participant were recorded. Blood and whole saliva samples (WSS) were obtained from every participant. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels were determined using blood samples, whereas levels of MMP-3, -8, -9 were determined using WSS. Levels of MMPs were assessed using an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Results: Overall MMP levels and clinical periodontal scores of the Stage III periodontitis patients were significantly higher than healthy individuals (p<0,01). Stage III Grade C periodontitis patients had severely increased MMP-3, -8, -9 levels (196,2 ± 2,8; 292,9±1,9; 128,6 ± 3,5 ng/mL, respectively) in comparison to healthy participants (5,2 ± 2,3; 4,3 ± 3,1; 6,1 ± 2,5 ng/mL, respectively) (p<0,01). No significant difference was found when Stage III Grade C and B patients were compared regarding the levels of MMP-3 and -9 (p>0,05). Conclusions: Findings of our investigation indicate a potential association between T2DM and increased levels of MMP-3, -8, and -9, which may contribute to the progression of periodontal tissue degradation. In the limitations of our study, MMP-8 exhibited more sensitivity as a marker for periodontal inflammation among the other MMPs that were investigated in this study.
Evaluation of relationship between ion release dynamics and chemical changes of five fluoride release restorative materials
Authors: Ilić Bojana , Marković Dejan , Dojčinović Biljana , Petrović Bojan
Published: November 2024

Background/Aim: The role of ions in prevention of dental caries has been demonstrated in numerous studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the amount of released ions from different restorative materials using ion selective electrode (ISE) and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and assess the chemical changes in the material using energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Material and Methods: Six plates were left in the contact with deionised water which was replaced everyday during the first 10 days, and on every tenth day for a period of 90 days. Concentrations of sodium, silicium, strontium, calcium, aluminium and phosphorus ions were analysed using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry and fluoride ions were assessed using ion-selective electrode. Energy dispersive spectroscopy was utilized to study the weight percentages of elements through investigated materials. Results: Significant decrease in fluoride release has been observed between all tested materials during first four days (p<0.05). Apart from sodium, cumulative amount of released fluoride, silicium, strontium, calcium, aluminium and phosphorus ions was t½ dependent. Mean weight percentage of fluoride was the highest in GC Equia, while the highest weight percentage of strontium was observed in case of GC Fuji IX and GC Fuji II. Conclusions: The pull of strontium was obvious in the middle of investigated materials GC Fuji IX, CG Equia and Ketac N100 may enhance the fluoride release, which may have crucial role in caries prevention.
Salivary duct carcinoma of parotid gland with femur metastasis: Case report and literature review
Authors: Pantelas Georgios , Salloumis Marios , Myrto Solomou , Gkinosati Angeliki , Georgiou Giorgos , Lillis Markos
Published: November 2024

Histologically similar to both in situ and invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast, salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is an uncommon and excessively aggressive subtype of primary salivary gland carcinoma. The salivary gland most frequently involved in cancer cases is the parotid. With an estimated frequency of 1 in 1,000,000 individuals, SDC is an incredibly rare cancer that is more common in men. Due of its early metastasis to distant areas and regional lymph nodes, it is frequently identified at an advanced stage. Case report: We present a case of SDC of the parotid gland with femur bone metastasis as well as a detailed literature review for SDC. According to the existing literature, this is the first reported case of salivary duct carcinoma of the parotid gland with femur metastasis. Currently the patient remains stable with no signs or symptoms of recurrence. Conclusions: It is crucial to note the possibility of femur metastasis from salivary duct carcinoma of the parotid gland for the most appropriate treatment plan determination, and a more comprehensive understanding of the disease's progression.
Poverty, income inequality and growth in Nigeria: Looking beyond now
Authors: Okutimiren Olusegun , Adekunle Okuneye , Odunayo Ajayi
Published: November 2024

The Nigerian population's well-being is significantly influenced by poverty, income inequality, and economic growth, which are interconnected issues. While addressing the immediate needs of those living in poverty is important, it is equally essential to examine the long run causes of poverty and inequality. This study utilizes the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach to investigate the impact of poverty and income inequality on economic growth, using data from 1986 to 2020. The study found that income inequality positively affects economic growth, while poverty negatively impacts economic growth in the long run. The study recommends that the government develop comprehensive policies and programmes that create a favorable environment for growth. These policies should be inclusive and address the specific needs of the poor, providing them with opportunities to access education, healthcare, and employment.
Fair value recognition: Polish accountants perspective
Authors: Luty Piotr , Piotrowska Katarzyna , Kaczmarczyk Angelika
Published: November 2024

The paper aims to explore accountants' attitudes toward fair value measurements. The sample consists of Polish accountants with various working places and practical experiences. The authors assumed no difference in fair value recommendations between accountants. The authors considered a difference in the practical use of fair value models in accountants with more extended experience and the workplace. The methods of analysis of sources (literature), deductive reasoning, and survey research were used. The study used a questionnaire addressed to Polish accountants. The results confirmed that most accountants, regardless of gender, working place or length of experience, recommended a fair value method for improving the credibility of financial figures. Despite the recommendation, more experienced accountants and accountants working in accounting offices mostly use historical cost methods instead of fair value methods. It was verified by analyzing the correlation between the valuation approach and the specific solutions adopted for determining depreciation charges and valuing financial liabilities. The main restriction concerns that the quantitative study was preliminary and refers only to Polish accountants. The article fills the research gap in preferable valuation methods regarding the gender, working places and practical experiences of the person responsible for accounting.
Comparative analysis of the Kranjska Gora and Zlatibor tourism destinations' competitiveness in function of improving the tourism offer
Authors: Bjelić Katarina , Vujko Aleksandra , Panić Aleksa
Published: November 2024

The initial hypothesis of the work was the assumption that Zlatibor has potential for sustainable tourism development, but that the tourism destination Zlatibor is still not sufficiently competitive with the tourism destination Kranjska Gora. The research presents the key features of these areas, and their attractive tourism offers, through a comparative analysis. Also, this paper deals with the chances for the development of sustainable tourism, as well as the improvement of tourist services, specifically Zlatibor, bearing in mind that the Kranjska region is in a much better position, as far as the implementation of the concept of green tourism development. The research was conducted using a modified Integrated Model of Destination Competitiveness (IMDC) model, seeking responses from stakeholders from both Zlatibor and Kranjska Gora (259). Bearing in mind that the responses of stakeholders from Slovenia showed consistently higher values in the assessment of destination competitiveness, the starting hypothesis proved to be correct, and in response to that, guidelines were given for improving competitiveness and overcoming certain threats observed in the research results.
Global uncertainty and unemployment rate in the UK and Nigeria: Trigger of regime change and its implications for policy analysis
Authors: Oderinde Lukmon , Sanusi Gbenga , Ajayi Babajide , Atoloye-Kayode Remi , Onalo Agbawn , Ihuarulam Gideon
Published: November 2024

This study applies a threshold regression model to explore the impact of uncertainty on unemployment in Nigeria and United Kingdom with data from 1970 to 2021. The empirical results show a significant threshold effect of uncertainty on unemployment. The threshold effect estimated value of global uncertainty on unemployment is significantly higher in Nigeria than in the UK. The trigger estimated value for Nigeria and the UK are 0.421 and 0.092 respectively. However, the impact differs in magnitude. While below the threshold value of 0.092, the impact is higher in the UK than in Nigeria, but the reverse holds beyond this threshold. This shows the differential role and impact of sturdy policy formulation and implementation between the two countries. Unemployment rate is lower in the UK than in Nigeria. Finally, the relationship between global uncertainty and unemployment is linear for Nigeria and positive. However, a non-linear and inverted U-shape relationship was confirmed for the UK. It becomes imperative to build world uncertainty into government future policies formulation if the impacts of vagaries of uncertainty on macroeconomic stability and business cycle fluctuations would be mitigated.
The importance of social media in the promotion and development of the creative industries in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Vasić Ivana , Gajić Jelena
Published: November 2024

Creative industries are a key element of contemporary creativity and modern economies and have a great influence on various spheres of society. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly accelerated the application of digital transformation by finding numerous innovative ways to consume creative and cultural content, thereby strengthening interconnectedness. Predictions at the global level indicate that in the coming years, there will be an intensive use of digital tools that will have a great impact on and be important for promoting the content of the creative industries. Social networks will play a key role in attracting audiences and creating brands in the market. The main driving force behind the development of creative industries in many countries, including ours, will be digital transformation. The paper aims to analyze different approaches to defining the creative industries sector and their impact on the economic and cultural development of the Republic of Serbia. A special contribution of this paper is the conducted research, the focus of which was to determine the perception of the citizens of the Republic of Serbia about the existence and importance of creative industries, as well as the attitudes about the more intensive use of social networks of advertising in the mentioned sector. The results show that our citizens are not sufficiently familiar with the term creative industry and that one of the reasons for this is the lack of marketing activities and the insufficient cooperation of economic and educational institutions in this area.
Role of HRM in fostering creativity: An application in IT organization
Authors: Kosović Jadranka , Dražeta Lazar , Đokić Borivoje
Published: November 2024

This research paper aims to delve into the significance and role of contemporary Human Resources Management (HRM) practices in not only attracting creative individuals to the organization but also in fostering environments conducive to their work, development, and self-actualization. Understanding how to cultivate creativity at both individual and organizational levels has become crucial for every organization in the Information Technology (IT) industry. These efforts ultimately lead to gaining competitive advantages. With rapid technological advancements and the ensuing competition for talent, the challenge of attracting and retaining high-quality individuals has become increasingly prominent, compelling organizations to seek solutions from HRM. The presented case study in this paper examines the importance of creativity for IT organizations and evaluates the principal components of individual and organizational creativity through a questionnaire comprising 34 questions. The research results highlight HRM practices that contribute significantly. This paper aims to provide insights into theoretical frameworks serving as hypotheses and practical applications of identified practices. Additionally, it encourages HRM practitioners to further explore using the enclosed questionnaire.
The nexus between FDI, external (im)balance and economic growth on Serbian real convergence path
Authors: Sekulić Aleksandar , Beker-Pucar Emilija , Glavaški Olgica
Published: November 2024

The focus of this research is the nexus between foreign direct investments, FDIs, external imbalance and economic growth, in the case of Serbia in the period 2007-2024. From one side, convergence process towards more developed European economies implies fostering of economic growth i.e. real convergence, which is positively connected with FDIs inflows. From the other side, real convergence is usually accompanied with growing external imbalance i.e. current account deficit. The aim of this research is to shed more light onto these relations from the angle of national economy, under methodological framework of estimated VAR model. Empirical findings confirm that FDIs positively influence real convergence, while real convergence is connected with external imbalance deterioration. National economic authorities should continue efforts to maintain and attract FDIs as beneficial type of external capital inflows, having in mind their positive real repercussions and mediumterm external balancing. Nevertheless, essential and long-run efforts should be oriented towards resolving of chronic CA deficit, thereby increasing country's resistance to global crisis shocks and sudden stop episodes.
Conservatism, consumer ethnocentrism, variety seeking, consumer cosmopolitanism, and cultural intelligence as determinants of purchasing foreign luxury brands
Authors: Zdravković Stefan , Gašević Dragana
Published: November 2024

Geopolitical tensions caused by the war in Ukraine, the migrant crisis, and economic instability are strengthening nationalist sentiments. Conservatism and consumer ethnocentrism are cohesive factors during crises, based on the principle that it is every citizen's moral duty to protect the domestic economy by purchasing domestic products. Some citizens have cosmopolitan attitudes and are open to accepting ideas from other cultures. The aim of the research is to examine the impact of conservatism, consumer ethnocentrism, variety seeking, consumer cosmopolitanism, and cultural intelligence on consumers' decision to purchase foreign luxury brands. The study was conducted in early 2024 in the territory of the Republic of Serbia. The total number of respondents in the sample was 511, and their responses were analyzed using SEM model within the statistical program SmartPLS 4. The results showed that conservatism has not statistically significant, while consumer ethnocentrism has a statistically significant negative impact on the purchase of luxury foreign brands. Variety seeking, consumer cosmopolitanism, and cultural intelligence have a positive and statistically significant impact on consumers' decision to purchase foreign luxury brands. The research contributes by providing information that can be useful to managers in formulating marketing strategies for the market of the Republic of Serbia.
Application of the AHP-PROMETHEE method for selecting the optimal electric vehicle for urban transport
Authors: Ilić Ivana , Ilić Dejan , Ilić Ines , Mihajlović Aleksandar
Published: November 2024

This study elucidates the findings derived from the implementation of the integrated AHP-PROMETHEE multi-criteria decision-making method aimed at selecting the most suitable electric vehicle for urban transport. The AHP methodology facilitated the identification of critical criteria influencing the selection of an electric vehicle for urban use, including factors such as price, battery warranty, charging speed, acceleration to 100 km/h, maximum speed, engine power, efficiency, battery performance, and mileage. The subsequent application of the PROMETHEE method allowed for the ranking of nine electric vehicles based on these established criteria. Each vehicle alternative was assessed regarding its capacity to fulfill the specified requirements and preferences of the decision-makers. The analysis revealed that the Mini Cooper E emerged as the model that most effectively aligns with the prioritized criteria. This vehicle is deemed the optimal selection for urban transport needs, considering all pertinent factors. The decision to select a specific electric vehicle is expected to influence the efficiency, sustainability, and economic viability of the urban transportation system. Furthermore, it is advisable to maintain ongoing surveillance of advancements in electric vehicle technology and charging infrastructure to ensure that the selected model continues to represent the best option in the future.
Analysis and low-weight design of the cold-formed battened built-up column
Authors: Pavlović Goran , Savković Mile , Zdravković Nebojša , Marković Goran , Mladenović Predrag , Todorović Marko
Published: November 2024

This research presents the analysis and the low-weight optimization design of the cold-formed battened built-up column of the crane runway beam by the Marine Predators Algorithm (MPA). The objective function (the total weight of the battened built-up column) workflow uses slenderness and the geometric parameters of the channel section and batten plates as variables. This study uses the global stability of the built-up column, the buckling check of the built-up column about the material axis and non-material axis, the buckling and the strength check of the chord of the built-up column, the strength check of the batten plate of the built-up column, the strength of the batten plate's weld connections, as well as geometrical recommendations and limitations as the constraint functions. Achieved savings in column weight are between 38.66% and 51.66%, dependingly on the material and the number of batten plates of the considered example of the built-up column.
Changes in bioactive compounds' stability and colour of functional plum spread during different storage conditions
Authors: Bajić Aleksandra , Mastilović Jasna , Cvetković Biljana , Kovač Renata , Ubiparip-Samek Dragana , Djordjević Marijana , Djordjević Miljana , Dragojlović Danka
Published: November 2024

There is growing interest in utilizing juice pomace, including plum pomace, in new food products as a sustainable strategy for reducing agro-waste. As an alternative source of dietary fibres and phenolic bioactives, plum pomace represents a valuable ingredient in functional food development. Some phenolics, such as anthocyanins are more sensitive and susceptible to degradation processes in fruit preparation during storage. This study aimed to assess the effect of a storage period and temperature on the retention of phenolics, anthocyanins (total and monomeric) and the colour of functional plum spread enriched with plum pomace. The spreads were stored at 4°C (14 days) and 20°C or 40°C for 14, 28 and 45 days. The control sample was also analysed one day after production and measurements for investigated spreads were compared. Results revealed that total phenolics remained more stable than total anthocyanins and monomeric anthocyanins at room temperature, while a temperature of 40°C led to the loss of all bioactives. Refrigeration of spread was found to significantly slow down the loss of phenolics and anthocyanins and better preserve colour. Colour deterioration was observed in all samples, with the least change at 4°C.
Antimicrobial effects of polyphenols from fermented and non-fermented apple and carrot pomace against Escherichia coli
Authors: Anghel Andrei , Țăranu Ionelia , Orțan Alina , Băbeanu Narcisa
Published: November 2024

The pig farming industry faces significant challenges during the weaning period, often resulting in reduced growth rates and higher mortality among piglets. Traditionally, antibiotics and zinc oxide have been used to manage these issues. However, concerns about antibiotic resistance and environmental pollution have led to strict European regulations limiting or banning their use. This fact has created an urgent need for alternative solutions, with polyphenols emerging as promising candidates due to their bioactive properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects. These properties are particularly important for preventing weaningrelated problems, which are frequently caused by the Escherichia coli F4 (K88) bacterium. The present study focused on evaluating the antimicrobial properties of polyphenols extracted from apple pomace and carrot pomace, both in their unfermented form and after fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The antimicrobial activity was assessed in vitro by monitoring bacterial growth through absorbance measurements at different intervals over 24 hours, at 37°C. The results indicated that polyphenols possess significant antimicrobial effects in both their unfermented and fermented states. The polyphenol extract from apple pomace inhibited E. coli growth at a minimum concentration of 5.6 µg (GAE)/ml, while the extract from fermented apple pomace had a higher minimum inhibitory concentration of 50 µg (GAE)/ml. For carrot pomace, only the concentration of 151 µg (GAE)/ml showed an inhibitory effect on E. coli growth, whereas the polyphenol extract from fermented carrot pomace significantly reduced bacterial growth at a concentration of 303 µg (GAE)/ml. The extent of bacterial inhibition was influenced by the concentration of polyphenols and the specific types of polyphenols present in the extract. Notably, despite having a lower overall concentration, the fermented polyphenol extracts achieved similar levels of bacterial growth inhibition as the unfermented extracts at higher concentrations. These findings highlight the potential of agro-industrial by-products such as apple and carrot pomace to provide bioactive compounds that could serve as effective alternatives to antibiotics and zinc oxide in livestock farming. By exploiting these natural resources, the industry might move towards more sustainable and environmentally friendly practices while still effectively managing the challenges associated with weaning piglets.
Population relocation from mining activity zone: A case study of the Krivelj settlement
Authors: Petrović Marko , Tošović Lidija , Krčum Aleksa
Published: November 2024

The expansion of the mining basin inevitably leads to a significant transformation of the area, resulting in substantial changes in both the natural environment and the socioeconomic sphere of the population's life. The Bor mine, established in 1904, has been synonymous with copper production in Serbia and Europe for 120 years. Surface copper mining takes place in the Veliki Krivelj and Cerovo mines. The Veliki Krivelj surface mine opened in 1983 in the cadastral municipality of Krivelj, encompassing the open-pit mine and the copper ore flotation plant. Over the years, the expansion of the mine has caused numerous changes within the settlement. This article focuses on Krivelj, the mining settlement 10 km north of Bor. Krivelj has been facing various challenges for decades, directly resulting from expanding the former Bor Mining and Smelting Basin, now known as the "Serbia Zijin Copper" company. Since 1970, relocation plans have existed, primarily targeting parts of the settlement directly affected by mining activities. Although planned relocation has been partially implemented in different phases, the idea of complete resettlement has not been abandoned. The Veliki Krivelj mine, owned by the Chinese company Zijin, continues to expand towards the Krivelj settlement, subjecting the population to numerous difficulties in terms of housing and health. This study provides an overview of the population relocation process, including the underlying principles, modalities, and scope of the process itself. The research aims to comprehensively examine the impact of the Veliki Krivelj mine on the past and recent displacement of the Krivelj settlement, as well as its effects on the environment of the settlement and surrounding areas. The overarching goal is to understand the contemporary socio-geographical changes, as well as the pressures and challenges faced by the population of this settlement.
In the first person: Local self-government in planning and arrangement of space and settlements, ten scientific-professional conference from 2001 to 2024
Authors: Đorđević Dejan , Radosavljević Zoran , Šećerov Velimir , Lukić Bogdan , Marić Miroslav
Published: November 2024

In May 2001, the first scientific-professional conference was held under the name "Local self-government in planning and arrangement of space and settlements", organized by the Serbian spatial planners association and the Faculty of Geography of the University of Belgrade. In October 2024, the tenth jubilee scientific-professional conference will be held under the same name, guided by the same organizers. The opportunity arose to briefly present the topics and basic information about these conference to the professional and scientific public in one place, aiming to remind us how it all started and to consider how to continue with this topic because of the strong belief that the published research papers and the discussions at the gatherings have made a huge impact on the profession, with the possibility to continue to contribute to the improvement of the state of planning and arrangement of spaces and settlements in local governments in Serbia to a certain extent.
Challenges and opportunities in determining the construction zone of rural settlements for the purposes of preparing development basis for a village: A case study of the Spatial Plan of the Municipality of Ljig
Authors: Tomović Lazar
Published: November 2024

The amendments to the Law on Planning and Construction from 2014, introducing The village development basis as an integral part of spatial plan of a local government unit strengthen the implementation-regulatory approach in this type of planning document. The fundamental premise of the study is the issue of planning the rural area at the local level, considering the legal regulations of local spatial plans in planning rural settlements. Using the example of the Spatial Plan of the Municipality of Ljig, the content and character of the spatial plan of a local government unit with village development basis are discussed. Key issues, challenges, and uncertainties in the practice of preparing developing basis for a village are highlighted, with an emphasis on the possibilities of determining the construction zone of the settlement and defining rules for the use, regulation, construction, and protection of spatial units in the village's territories.
Utilization of agricultural census data for rural development planning: A case study of the municipality of Brus
Authors: Mitrović Matij
Published: November 2024

An agricultural census is the process of collecting and recording information about the agricultural sector of a country, whose methodology and scope are defined by a specific agricultural census law for the designated census year. Issues highlighted in spatial planning at all levels related to rural development primarily include underdeveloped infrastructure, scarcity of processing and storage technology for agricultural products, especially in hilly and mountainous rural areas, as well as excessive diversification of cultivated crops within a single farm, resulting from uncertain incomes offered by specialization in the cultivation and processing of a single agricultural crop. This paper aims to utilize the data provided by the agricultural census, using the example of the municipality of Brus, to conduct the regionalization of dominant agricultural crops, thereby providing a basis for more effective rural development planning by highlighting the accurate spatial coverage of individual agricultural crops, which would facilitate defining the next steps in rural development planning.
Integrated spatial planning in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Aspiration, myth, or reality
Authors: Kuzmanović Dragana , Popović Dragana , Đuka Dajana
Published: November 2024

Spatial planning is a strategic and systematic process that involves organizing, arranging, protecting and activating space in a certain area, region or territory, that is, to create conditions for optimizing the use of land, resources and improving the quality of life of residents. Through this research paper, relying on empirical research, current legislation and analysis of existing planning documentation, the authors will present the state of spatial planning in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The subject of this paper is to point out the problem of the non-existence of an unified system of spatial planning in the country, which consists of entities, cantons and districts and which does not have a central national body that would have the role of coordination and integration of strategic spatial development on the territory of the state. In view of the above, the aim of the paper is to draw attention to, not only the comparative analysis of the spatial planning process itself, but also to indicate the possible (expected, necessary or unnecessary) connection of the spatial planning system (entity, canton, district) through creation of spatial planning documents.
Changes in population distribution of Balkan Serbia region between 1961 and 2022
Authors: Ranković Radoslav
Published: November 2024

Changes in population distribution can significantly affect the geospace organization. The population redistribution occurred due to important demographic and socio-economic changes. The processes of industrialization, deagrarization and urbanization have significantly reshaped the existing zones of population concentration. It is important to emphasize that the process of depopulation is also a significant modifier of population concentration since the population of Balkan Serbia region was reduced to half from 1961 to 2022. In this paper population distribution is analyzed using the concentration index which was applied to 345 settlements of Balkan Serbia region. The research aimed to establish changes in the population distribution which was achieved through a comparative analysis of the concentration index. All settlements are classified into four concentration zones. During both selected years the dispersion zone occupied the largest area (originally 86% of the settlements then 95%). However, in the analyzed period this zone decreased by 140 thousand inhabitants (from 70% to 27%). The three remaining zones are characterized by significant changes too but the zone of extremely high concentration is proof of the intensive population concentration in a small area. The absence of this zone in 1961 points to a more even distribution of the population while the concentration index for 2022 shows that the zone of extremely high concentration included three urban settlements (Pirot, Svrljig and Bela Palanka). Also, as much as 40% of the total Balkan Serbia population was concentrated there. Such disharmony will continue and the existing concentration zones will be further transformed.
Application of GIS in developing an integrated pollution register in the territory of the City of Kruševac
Authors: Marjanović Nina , Drašković Jelena , Vukotić Anja , Ranković Mihailo
Published: November 2024

Geographical Information System (GIS) was utilized in the development of an integrated pollution register within the territory of the city of Kruševac. Through analysis, identification, and mapping of air pollution sources at a local level, efficient strategies could be formulated for managing air quality, aiming to reduce air pollution and protect the population from adverse effects. The significance of drafting planning documentation and its compliance with national strategy and legal regulations, particularly the Air Protection Law, was emphasized. The geographical and administrative position of Kruševac city, as well as industrial entities and their impact on air quality, were taken into account. Concrete proposals for improving air quality and an action plan for their implementation were provided.
Critical raw materials and modern technological development: The challenge for the green energy transition
Authors: Carević Ivana , Batoćanin Natalija , Petrović Aleksandar , Srejić Tanja , Sibinović Mikica , Manojlović Sanja
Published: November 2024

The demand for critical raw materials is growing exponentially as the world rapidly evolves technologically towards the use and production of renewable and clean energy. To mitigate the consequences of climate change and move away from conventional fossil fuels, an increasing supply of critical, economically important, rare and heavily import-dependent raw materials is essential. These mineral raw materials are key components for a sustainable future with low CO2 emissions and are an indispensable resource for the development of a wide range of modern technologies, such as, electric vehicles, solar panels, wind turbines, batteries, drones, military equipment, etc. For many years, the processing of mineral raw materials has been crucial to meeting industrial and social demand for energy and metals. The evolving green energy transition is primarily about meeting not only the world's growing energy needs, but also society's expectations of zero CO2 emissions by 2050 or earlier. Renewable energy will play a key role in achieving the green transition, but it will require critical minerals.
Mogućnosti privrednog međuopštinskog povezivanja u Kolubarskoj oblasti
Authors: Marković Mina
Published: November 2024

Višedecenijski centralistički način upravlja u Republici Srbiji doprineo je neravnomernom ekonomskom razvoju na svim nivoima administrativno-teritorijalne podele, odnosno na sva tri NUTS nivoa. Polarizovan ekonomski razvoj povlači sa sobom niz problema. Zato je u interesu Srbije da teži njegovom uravnoteživanju i to prvenstveno na regionalnom nivou radi uspostavljanja održivog privrednog rasta. Kako regionalni nivo vlast ne postoji u Srbiji, pitanjima ekonomskog razvoja bave se centralni organi vlasti i jedinice lokalne samouprave. Država donosi generalizovane nacionalne planove ekonomskog razvoja ne vodeći računa o specifičnostima pojedinačnih regiona, a jedinice lokalne samouprave kreiraju sopstvene planove ekonomskog razvoja ne uzimajući u obzir ekonomske odlike svog neposrednog okruženja. Time potencijali većine regiona u Srbiji uglavnom ostaju neiskorišćeni. Zbog toga se međuopštinska saradnja i privredno povezivanje opština trenutno doživljavaju kao dobro rešenje pomenutom problemu dok se ne uvede regionalni nivo vlasti. Izmenom Zakona o lokalnoj samopravi 2018. godine, pravno je omogućena saradnja gradova i opština kroz udruživanje njihovih resursa sa ciljem unapređenja privrede u lokalnim zajednicama. Ipak, mogućnosti privredne međuopštinske saradnje u najvećem delu Srbije i dalje ostaju neiskorišćeni. Cilj ovog rada je da utvrdi mogućnosti privrednog međuopštinskog povezivanja u Kolubarskoj oblasti i da pruži konkretna rešenja koja bi mogla doprineti privrednom osnaživanju ove oblasti. Na osnovu analize strategija razvoja Grada Valjeva i opština Osečina, Ub, Mionica, Lajkovac i Ljig, ali i analize privrednih pokazatelja koje pruža Privredna komora Srbije, izvedena je SWOT analiza privrede Kolubarske oblasti. Zaključeno je da poljoprivredni potencijal ovog tradiocionlano voćarskog kraja treba iskoristiti u budućnosti za formiranje biodistrikta u kojem bi centralno mesto imala prerađivačka industrija, dok bi turizam imao dopunsku funkciju.
Rural brownfield: A chance for depopulated regions in Serbia
Authors: Joksimović Marko
Published: November 2024

The revitalisation of urban, industrial and military brownfield sites has been an attractive topic for the scientific public since the problem of the redevelopment or melioration of rural areas. In this work, a broader understanding of the term "brownfield" was used as a theoretical basis as any area that was previously utilised but is no longer used for commercial purposes. The image of many depopulated settlements abandoned by the labour force is already having an impact on local authorities as they have to remove social infrastructure and the number of abandoned buildings is increasing. Add to this the abandoned military, tourist, mining, industrial, energy and other facilities in the area of depopulated villages and you have a very complex mosaic of problems that have a direct impact on future land management. In some Central European countries, successful socioeconomic interventions have already been carried out to revitalise certain settlements, which can serve as examples. The objectives of this work were to correlatively determine the magnitude of the influence that the share of arable land in the total area of a spatial unit has on the depopulation rate and to analyse the impact of arable land as a resource on the potential restoration of certain rural wastelands in Serbia and the factors that influence the value of the land. The results of the work show certain potentials, but also limitations that are insurmountable in the current economic system.
Collaboration of local government units in the Skrapež river watershed for soil erosion control and active flood defense
Authors: Krantić Emilija , Jovanović Ivana , Pavličević Selena , Pećanac Milica
Published: November 2024

Collaboration among local self-government units within the Skrapež River basin (municipalities of Čačak, Sevojno, Valjevo, Užice, Bajina Bašta, Požega, Gornji Milanovac, and Kosjerić) represents a crucial factor in controlling soil erosion and actively defending against floods in the area. The Skrapež River basin, characterized by a fan-shaped and symmetrical form, is situated within the microregion of Srpska Crna Gora within the Western Morava region. It features a specific topography ranging from a minimum elevation of 305 m to a maximum elevation of 1347 m. Hilly-mountainous terrain occupies 46.63% of the surveyed area, with an average river basin slope of 18.36 m/km. Most of the basin is covered by metamorphic rocks (206.52 km²). The climatic parameters of the basin, with an average annual temperature of 9.55 °C and precipitation of 644.16 mm, influence erosion processes and hydrological characteristics of the basin. Using the Gavrilović method, the average yearly sediment yield was calculated at 249,650.24 m³/year, with the identification of 127 erosive channels. Maximum flows occur in May and June, with the most significant variations in the basin observed in September, May, and August. To prevent the destructive effects of major floods, it is necessary to establish collaboration and coordination among the mentioned local self-government units to prevent stream siltation, implement preventive anti-erosion measures, and carry out biotechnical protective works.
Cross-border cooperation between Serbia and neighboring countries in the field of environmental protection and nature conservation: Challenges and perspectives
Authors: Stanković Andrijana
Published: November 2024

Cross-border cooperation projects are an essential part of Serbia's negotiations for accession to the European Union and cooperation with neighboring countries in addressing challenges in various areas they face. The focus of the 2021-2027 programming period is predominantly on projects dealing with climate change and environmental conservation, to contribute to the common goals of the European Green Deal. This paper explores examples of cross-border cooperation aimed at protecting the environment and conserving natural resources. Through the analysis of specific case studies, the challenges and perspectives of this cooperation are defined in the context of contemporary ecological issues. The focus is certainly on identifying key elements of successful initiatives, as well as on the obstacles that arise in the implementation and maintenance of cross-border environmental protection projects. Special attention is paid to considering potential solutions to overcome challenges, including improving institutional mechanisms, strengthening cooperation between different stakeholders, and utilizing innovative technological and methodological approaches. The aim of the paper is to provide insights into the various strategies and approaches that Serbia and neighboring countries can apply to enhance their cross-border cooperation in environmental protection, contributing to the sustainable future of the region.
Materials for the knowledge of the social geograph past of Serbia
Authors: Stanković Stevan
Published: November 2024

The written word about the state and social organization of Serbia exists in several books related to social geography, historiography and ethnology, printed more than two centuries ago. The authors of these works had different professions, education and knowledge, and the sources they used were mostly inadequate and incomplete. With the distance in time that separates us from some books, we must look, at them analytically, evaluate them realistically and attribute everything that is shown to the efforts of their authors to portray reality as they experienced it during their research. Domestic and foreign authors of books about Serbia have left, among other things, information about the state and social organization of Serbia in their time and earlier times, as well as about local self-government. The archaic language. The abundance of statistics, the review of social phenomena and processes to which they referred are captivating. Without knowing the past, it is not possible to see the present realistically and plan for the future. Therefore, it is a return to the books and their authors, a return to the roots on which Serbia has developed and which are still studied and observed today, when appropriate.
Analysis of the integrated waste management system in the city of Čačak: Identification of weaknesses, suggestions and solutions
Authors: Drašković Jelena , Marjanović Nina , Despotović Ana , Vasilić Pavle
Published: November 2024

The waste management system in the city of Čačak was analyzed, from the primary selection of waste at the place of its origin, until its disposal at the regional sanitary landfill "Duboko" in Užice. A review of the planning documents brought for the area of the city of Čačak revealed problems in waste management (waste collection, primary separation, transport). Inadequate waste management and its disposal without any treatment is a growing environmental problem of local governments. Although waste management in Serbia is regionalized, this does not mean that local self-government units have lost their competence in this area. The purpose of the paper is to recognize and present its greatest weaknesses through the analysis of the integrated waste management system, as well as to offer possible solutions to the given problems.
Agency for Spatial and Urban Planning of the Republic of Serbia: Competences and significance for local self-government, planning and development of settlements
Authors: Milosavljević Marko , Đorđević Dejan
Published: November 2024

With the amendments to the Law on Planning and Construction from August 2023, the Agency for Spatial Planning and Urbanism of the Republic of Serbia was established. In the first part of this work, the normative framework of the Agency's management will be presented. A special focus will be on the competences that the Agency has and the tasks entrusted from the Ministry of Construction, Transport, and Infrastructure in Republic of Serbia. In the second part of this paper, the normative frameworks defined by the amendments to this law will be presented, which refer to the competence of the local self-government unit and the Agency as the competent authority for coordination, preparation, management, and implementation of spatial and urban planning documents under the competence of the Republic of Serbia. The ways of arranging the settlement and providing professional assistance in the preparation of planning documents to the local self-government units will be pointed out, as well as other activities that will be presented in more detail in this paper. The expected results of this work will indicate the mutual cooperation of the competent authorities with a special review and proposals for improving the current actions in the field of planning and arrangement of settlements in the Republic of Serbia.
Protected natural values in the tourist region of Western Serbia
Authors: Radeljić Branko , Stankov Slobodanka , Stojanović Radomir
Published: November 2024

The tourist region of Western Serbia is located in the Southwestern part of the Republic of Serbia, in the border area with the Republic of Srpska and Montenegro. The region consists of 12 cities and municipalities that have recognized the interest in joining forces and acting jointly on the tourist market. With the formation of the Tourist Organization of region of Western Serbia in 2006, based on the initiative launched by local tourist organizations (the City of Užice and the Municipalities of Čajetina, Bajina Bašta, Ivanjica, Arilje, Požega, Kosjerić, Nova Varoš, Prijepolje and Priboj), an institutional framework was created for positioning this region on the domestic and foreign markets. The municipality of Sjenica joined the region in 2009, and the municipality of Lucani in 2018. The City of Čačak joined the region in 2019, while the Municipality of Priboj is no longer a member of the region. The region is characterized by natural values and attractions, under national and international protection, of importance for the development of tourism. In such a small area, there are the Nature Reserve "Golija-Studenica", National Park "Tara", Nature Park "Šargan-Mokra Gora" and "Zlatibor", Special Nature Reserve "Uvac" and "Klisura Reke Mileševka" and Areas of exceptional features "Kamena gora", "Ozren-Jadovnik" and "Ovčarsko-Kablarska klisura". Given that tourism represents one of the most promising economic branches of Western Serbia, the aim of the paper is to point out not only the importance of protected natural values for the development of tourism, but also the degree of their protection.