bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Multiplex PCR-Based Neutralization (MPBN) Assay for Titers Determination of the Three Types of Anti-Poliovirus Neutralizing-Antibodies
Authors: Manukyan Hasmik , Petrovskaya Svetlana , Chumakov Konstantin , Laassri Majid
Published: March 2020

Determination of poliovirus-neutralizing antibodies is an important part of clinical studies of poliovirus vaccines, epidemiological surveillance and seroprevalence studies that are crucial for global polio eradication campaigns. The conventional neutralization test is based on inhibition of cytopathic effect caused by poliovirus by serial dilutions of test serum. It is laborious, time-consuming and not suitable for large scale analysis. To overcome these limitations, a multiplex PCR-based neutralization (MPBN) assay was developed to measure the neutralizing antibody titers of anti-poliovirus sera against three serotypes of the virus in the same reaction and in shorter time. All three anti-poliovirus sera types were analyzed in a single assay. The MPBN assay was reproducible, robust and sensitive. Its lower limits of titration for the three anti-poliovirus sera types were within range of 0.76–1.64 per mL. Different anti-poliovirus sera were tested with conventional and MPBN assays; the results obtained by both methods correlated well and generated similar results. The MPBN is the first neutralization assay that specifically titrates anti-poliovirus antibodies against the three serotypes of the virus in the same reaction; it can be completed in two to three days instead of ten days for the conventional assay and can be automated for high-throughput implementation.
A Novel Method for Clutch Pressure Sensor Fault Diagnosis
Authors: Lv Zhichao , Wu Guangqiang
Published: March 2020

As a crucial output component, a clutch pressure sensor is of great importance on monitoring and controlling a whole transmission system and a whole vehicle status, both of which play important roles in the safety and reliability of a vehicle. With the help of fault diagnosis, the fault state prediction of a pressure sensor is realized, and this lays the foundation for further fault-tolerant control. In this paper, a fault diagnosis method of Dual Clutch Transmission (DCT) is designed. Firstly, a Variable Force Solenoid (VFS) valve model is established. A feed-forward input system is added to correct the first-order inertial link of the sensor on the second step. Finally, the parameters of the established system model are identified by using the measured data of the actual transmission and the Genetic Algorithm (GA). An identified model is then used for designing a fault observer. The constant output faults of 0, 3, and 5 V, pulse fault, and bias fault that enterprises are concerned with are selected to simulate and verify the fault observer under four different operating conditions. The results show that the designed fault observer has great fault diagnosis performance.
Zooplankton Community Responses to Oxygen Stress
Authors: Karpowicz Maciej , Ejsmont-Karabin Jolanta , Kozłowska Joanna , Feniova Irina , Dzialowski Andrew R.
Published: March 2020

Recent changes in climate and eutrophication have caused increases in oxygen depletion in both freshwater and marine ecosystems. However, the impact of oxygen stress on zooplankton, which is the major trophic link between primary producers and fish, remains largely unknown in lakes. Therefore, we studied 41 lakes with different trophic and oxygen conditions to assess the role of oxygen stress on zooplankton communities and carbon transfer between phytoplankton and zooplankton. Samples were collected from each lake at the peak of summer stratification from three depth layers (the epilimnion, metalimnion, and hypolimnion). Our results revealed that freshwater zooplankton were relatively tolerant to anoxic conditions and the greatest changes in community structure were found in lakes with the highest oxygen deficits. This caused a switch in dominance from large to small species and reduced the zooplankton biomass in lower, anoxic layers of water, but not in the upper layers of water where the oxygen deficits began. This upper anoxic layer could thus be a very important refuge for zooplankton to avoid predation during the day. However, the reduction of zooplankton in the lower water layers was the main factor that reduced the effectiveness of carbon transfer between the phytoplankton and zooplankton.
Spatiotemporal Variability of Precipitation in Beijing, China during the Wet Seasons
Authors: Ren Meifang , Xu Zongxue , Pang Bo , Liu Jiangtao , Du Longgang
Published: March 2020

To comprehensively evaluate the changes in precipitation patterns in the context of global climate change and urbanization, the spatiotemporal variability of precipitation during the wet seasons of 1981–2017 in Beijing was analyzed in this study using up-to-date daily and hourly precipitation data from observation stations. It was concluded that the average annual precipitation in wet seasons showed a downward trend, while the simple daily intensity index (SDII) showed an upward trend. Precipitation in the central urban area of Beijing showed obvious changes from 1981 to 2017; the average annual precipitation in the central urban area was almost as great as that in Miyun country after 2010, which was the storm center for the past three decades. The average annual maximum 3-h and 6-h precipitation in the 2010s was higher than the past three decades, especially in urban and suburban areas. In addition, the atmospheric circulation index, urbanization impact, and topography were all found to be important factors that affect the pattern of precipitation in Beijing.
INNOVATIVE SOCIETY: A SOCIAL CREDIT SYSTEM IN CHINA
Authors: Gao Weichzhen`
Published: March 2020

The basic principles of SCS implementation are as follows: Formation of sustainable social structure and its operational management; Monitoring and correction of social transformations and behavior of the general population: transparency as a major factor in the life of an innovative society; Stimulating competition as a motivation for success. Due to the transparency of social life, different patterns of behavior in different conditions are published in the information space of the society. Accordingly, actionable life scenarios are made available to the general public, which is fulfilling an educational mission regarding adaptation mechanisms in an innovative society; the SCS system is a significant component of the national strategy of integration and consolidation of the Chinese innovation society; carrying out softpolicy foreign policy: The positive experience of the Chinese innovation society in implementing SCS is a prerequisite for expanding its area of application in Asian, African and Latin American countries, especially the countries participating in the One Belt One Road project. SCS covers all spheres of social life of the modern Chinese citizen, forms a sustainable form of accountability to the society for the content and flow of their daily activities, aspirations and preferences.
Circulation et réception de l’iconographie de Bunshō le saunier (Bunshō zōshi 文正草子)
Authors: Mulard Delphine
Published: March 2020

De nombreuses peintures accompagnées de textes, sur rouleau ou sur codex, ont été produites au Japon entre le XVIIe siècle et le milieu du XVIIIe siècle. Anonymes, issues d’ateliers non officiels, et montrant des degrés d’habileté stylistique très variés, ces peintures ont longtemps été ignorées par les historiens de l’art. En conjuguant analyses stylistiques et iconographiques, cet article s’intéresse à la circulation de l’iconographie d’un récit particulier entre une forme manuscrite, le rouleau, et une autre, le codex. Ce récit, très apprécié à l’époque d’Edo, s’intitule Bunshō le saunier. Bien qu’ayant pour source un modèle commun, les peintures des rouleaux et codex du corpus abordé proviennent d’ateliers divers et délivrent, dans des styles variés, des illustrations et des interprétations différentes du récit.
Beyond Imperialism: The 19th-Century Display of Chinese Art at the Musée Guimet
Authors: Heng Wong Yuet
Published: March 2020

La fin du XIXe siècle fut le témoin d’une interaction culturelle entre la Chine et la France d’une intensité sans précédent, mais non dénuée d’ambiguïté. Des collections d’art chinois considérables se constituent alors, dont celle du musée Guimet. Aujourd’hui, nombre d’expertises sur l’acquisition des œuvres d’art à cette époque se structurent au sein de la théorie post-colonialiste, où le contexte impérialiste forme le cadre de l’interprétation occidentale de l’ « Est ». L’auteur analyse ici l’éventualité d’une mise en scène de la supériorité occidentale dans la présentation d’objets chinois dans les salles du musée Guimet. L’examen des catalogues publiés alors et des écrits d’Émile Guimet nourrit l’étude des éléments ayant contribué à cette présentation, telles que la localisation géographique, l’architecture, la division des espaces, la classification des objets, la succession des salles ou la décoration intérieure. L’on montre comment Guimet a transformé l’approche exotique de l’art chinois en une présentation scientifique visant à mettre l’accent sur la richesse de la culture chinoise, et comment la supériorité française dans la création d’un savoir sur l’Est fut contrebalancée par la mise en évidence des échanges, passés et contemporains, entre la Chine et la France.
Evolution of urbanization and its impact on temperature trends of Quetta city in Pakistan
Authors: SAJJAD Sajjad Hussain , Blond Nadège
Published: March 2020

Quetta is an important economic, historical and culturally a rich city located in the south-west of Pakistan. Like many other cities of the world, Quetta faced massive urbanization during last three decades. It has 1.1 million populations. The consequences of rapid urbanization in Quetta city are significant through changing urban area’s temperatures than its nearby regional areas as a result of alteration of natural land cover change into built-surfaces at city scale. In this context, the objective of this study is to explore the effect of urbanization on variability of minimum (dTn) and maximum (dTx) temperature trends of Quetta city by comparing with non-urban regional stations. For this purpose, first the evolution of urbanization during 1980s to 2013 was analysed by using satellite image processing techniques for the years 1989, 2000 and 2013. To study the impact of urbanization on dTn and dTx of Quetta city, the time series data of daily average monthly minimum (Tn) and maximum (Tx) temperatures ranging from 1947 to 2013 of Quetta city and the seven regional stations were analysed by using linear regression. The results show that during last twenty years, urban population and urban surface area increased to 80% and 194%, respectively. The variation in annual and seasonal temperature trends depicted that Tn and Tx at Quetta city are increasing more than the regional stations and Tn increased faster than Tx at urban and regional scale except winter season.
Analysis of Problem Credit Sales Accounting Treatment in. Adira Finance Baubau
Authors: Mahmuda Dewi
Published: March 2020

This study aims to analyze the accounting treatment for non-performing loans of credit sales at PT. Adira Finance Baubau. The analysis method that being used is descriptive qualitative method. While the collecting method are field research, library research and interview. This research is conducted at PT. Adira Finance Baubau during April 2017. The results showed that the accounting treatment for non-performing problem loans of credit sales at PT. Adira Finance Baubau will be recorded as operating loss of the company. Assets in the form of cars from troubled sales will be withdrawn and repaired, then offered back to the consumers. The income of those troubled cars sales and other new cars sales are expected to recover the company's losses due to the sale of non performing loans so that the performance of PT. Adira Finance Baubau will still look stable even though the company is haunted by business risks of non-performing loans of their own car credit sales.
RESPON PENANAMAN PADI GOGO BERAS MERAH DENGAN KACANG-KACANGAN TERHADAP BERAT BERANGKASAN DAN BERAT KERING AKAR PADA KONDISI LENGAS TANAH DAN MEDIA TUMBUH BERBEDA
Authors: CATHARINA THERESIA SUZANNA , MEIKAPASA NI WAYAN PUTU , DETHAN STEVANY HANALYNA
Published: March 2020

Red rice rice planted on dry land needs to get attention. Drought is an obstacle to increasing production on rainfed land and even irrigated fields in the dry season. What if planting is done together? it will be easier to plant by mixing legume and non-legume plants compared to blocking it apart in a mixed cropping. From the results and research, it can be concluded that: joint planting between brown upland rice and beans is obtained: the highest dry weight of straw on growing media is from Kuripan. The highest root length at giving 100% water to the growing media comes from rice plants in Kuripan. The highest dry weight of rice roots in the growing medium is from Kuripan. Kuripan also has the highest dry weight of rice roots from the growing media with 50% water supply and the greater leaf area on the growing media with 100% water supply is from Bayan
ЖАНР СОНАТИ ДЛЯ МІДНИХ ДУХОВИХ ІНСТРУМЕНТІВ У ТВОРЧОСТІ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ КОМПОЗИТОРІВ ДРУГОЇ ПОЛОВИНИ ХХ – ПОЧАТКУ ХХІ СТОЛІТЬ
Authors: Палійчук Ірина
Published: March 2020

Окреслено шляхи розвитку української сонати для мідних духових інструментів другої половини ХХ – початку ХХІ століть, до створення якої залучились М. Бердиєв, Ю. Іщенко, В. Задерацький, Й. Ельгісер, Г. Ляшенко, О. Яковчук, О. Руданський та інші автори. На основі аналітичної характеристики окремих творів зроблено висновок, що аналізованому жанру притаманні такі концептуальні та жанрово-стильові особливості, як перетворення та поглиблення класико-романтичних традицій, елементи конструктивізму, філософічність, жанрова взаємодія із концертом, симфонічною поемою, симфонією, розкриття тембрових та технічних можливостей духових інструментів, багатство неповторних художньо-естетичних рішень.
СУЧАСНІ МУРАЛИ У КОНТЕКСТІ СТРІТ-АРТУ МАРОККО
Authors: Шеменьйова Юлія
Published: March 2020

Розглянуто традиційні й інноваційні особливості стінописів на території Королівства Марокко; наведено огляд публікацій, у яких досліджено особливост і урбаністичного мистецтва країн Північної Африки. Висвітлено специфіку розвитку вуличного мистецтва у містах Рабат, Марракеш, Ес Сувейра, Асіла, Шефшауен, Лараш, Аль Душейра протягом десяти останніх років на прикладі творчості світових і місцевих райтерів . Увагу приділено муралам, створеним у рамках міжнародних фестивалів вуличного мистецтва «Jidar. Toiles de Rue» (м. Рабат), «Міжнародний фестиваль вуличного мистецтва Асіла» та «Remp’Arts» (м. Аземур). Проаналізовано своєрідність сюжетів й образно символіч не значення стріт арт творів. Виявлено творчість українських митців у стріт арті згаданої держави.
ФІГУРА УСЛАВЛЕННЯ ЯК ТЕМБРАЛЬНЕ НАПОВНЕННЯ ПАРТІЇ КНЯЗЯ ІГОРЯ В ОДНОЙМЕННІЙ ОПЕРІ О. БОРОДІНА
Authors: Татарнікова Анжеліка
Published: March 2020

Продемонстровано уявлення в сучасному українському мистецтвознавстві та культурології відомостей про тембральну стратегію й загальну конструкцію опери «Князь Ігор» за авторськими установками у науковому передбаченні сучасного смислу розуміння подій «Слова о полку Ігоревім» в композиції твору О. Бородіна.
СПЕЦИФІКА СУЧАСНОГО СПОРТИВНОГО БАЛЬНОГО ТАНЦЮ В ЗАХІДНІЙ ЄВРОПІ
Authors: Павлюк Тетяна
Published: March 2020

Досліджено особливості розвитку сучасного спортивного бального танцю в західноєвропейських країнах. Розглянуто сучасний стан танцювального спорту, виявлено провідні тенденції танцювального спорту на сучасному етапі та окреслено перспективи еволюціонування спортивного бального танцю. На основі аналізу найпрестижніших міжнародних та регіональних чемпіонатів зі спортивних бальних танців, проведених протягом 2018–2019 рр., визначено провідні танцювальні пари в країнах Західної Європи на сучасному етапі.
МОДА ЯК ВИДОВИЩЕ: ЕТНОКУЛЬТУРНІ ТА МІФОЛОГІЧНІ ВИМІРИ
Authors: Cорока Марина
Published: March 2020

Прослідковуються урбанізаційні та дезурбанізаційні процеси в моді ХХ ст. Звернено увагу на недостатню вивченість питань естетичних та культурологічних аспектів формування моди як видовища в контексті образного простору культури повсякдення. Визначено видовищні виміри модної діяльності як комунікативної сцени. Наголошено на необхідності актуалізації народних мотивів свята, творчості в гурті, певної стилізації у митців та дизайнерів моди мистецтва ностальгійного, втраченого світу з метою осягнення фольклорної, глибинної стихії моди як екомунікативного простору культури повсякдення. Ключові слова: міф, мода, етнокультура, етнос, свято, площа
Thermal-assisted contactless photoelectrochemical etching for GaN
Authors: Horikiri Fumimasa , Fukuhara Noboru , Ohta Hiroshi , Asai Naomi , Narita Yoshinobu , Yoshida Takehiro , Mishima Tomoyoshi , Toguchi Masachika , Miwa Kazuki , Ogami Hiroki , Sato Taketomo
Published: March 2020

Advanced contactless photoelectrochemical etching for GaN was conducted under the condition that the sulfate radicals (SO4
·−) as the oxidizing agent were mainly produced from the S2O8
2− ions by heat. The generation rate of SO4
·− was determined from the titration curve of the pH in the mixed solutions between KOH (aq.) and K2S2O8 (aq.); it clearly increased with an increase in the S2O8
2− ion concentration. The highest etching rate of >25 nm min−1 was obtained in the “alkali-free” electrolyte of 0.25 mol dm−3 (NH4)2S2O8 (aq.) at 80 °C, which was approximately 10 times higher than that reported by previous studies.
Subsurface Based Contaminant Transport Modelling of SDS Nac12h25so4
Authors:   Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Sethu Institute of Technology (Autonomous) Kariapatti, Tamil Nadu, India., jayaprakash P. Oliver , Mekala C. ,   Associate Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Sethu Institute of Technology(Autonomous) Kariapatti, Tamil Nadu, India., Priyan M. Vishnu ,   Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, KCET, Virdhunagar, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: March 2020

Subsurface contamination by emerging contaminants from inappropriate effluent discharge is one of the serious issues directly affecting the quality of groundwater. This study is aimed at transport and transformations of anionic surfactant (SDS). Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate [NaC12H25SO4 ] from grey wastewater containing detergents in unsaturated soils and its impacts on groundwater. HYDRUS-1D model to predict the transport mechanisms was developed. In this regard, surfactant concentrations for SDS from the sewage treatment plant of KCET, Virudhunagar was taken for evaluation. This research work reveals that inlet, outlet, sludge with ample quantities of SDS concentrations (13, 9.55 and 15.67 mg/L). Soil irrigated with sewage was taken as primary sample. Soil column experiments were conducted first with tracer to calculate the dispersion at a flow rate of 1 cm/h, estimated to be 3.1cm. A series of transport experiments were started with 10 mg/L of SDS to comprehend the sorption tied biodegradation. It was observed that leaching phenomenon was the dominant process when compared to biodegradation and sorption. An initial concentration of 13.44 mg/L was administered and found 12 mg/L at the outlet. Hence, 1.44 mg/L underwent sorption and biodegradation. The model estimated linear sorption parameter with first order degradation coefficient 0.131cc/g and 0.01/h. The calibrated HYDRUS model was adopted to study the various scenarios with GWT depth of 30 m. The simulated SDS concentration at GWT of 30m is 4.13mg/litre.
Epoxy Granite Properties using Indian Origin Granite
Authors:   Rajarshi Shahu College of Engineering, Department of Mechanical, Pune, India., Gurav Kailas V. , Kale V. M. ,   Prof. Department of Mechanical, Indira College of Engg. And Management Pune, India., Sah Akash ,   PG Scholar, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, College of Engineering, Pune, India.
Published: March 2020

Precision machine tools are expected to operate at higher machine speed to produce precise products. Hence, its structures must have high structural stiffness and high damping along with dimensional and geometrical stability. Granite is the material used for metrological and precision machine manufacturing applications. Granite is also used in some of the high accuracy machine tool manufacturing. Considering the natural properties and limitations of granite a new emerging material named Epoxy Granite is evolved. In this paper, Epoxy Granite properties using Indian Black granite are studied. In particular, the maximum load-bearing and density of epoxy granite are focussed. Also, the combination which is best suited for the applications can be easily dragged out. Density is compared with maximum load-bearing and their relation is also put forward to simplify the selection process of epoxy granite.
Gradient Descent Based Hyparameter Tuning of Xception Architecture for Diabetic Retinopathy Segmentation and Classification
Authors:   1Research Scholar, Dept., of CSE Pondicherry Engineering College, Pondicherry., Yazhini K. , Loganathan D. ,   Professor, Dept., of CSE Pondicherry Engineering College, Pondicherry
Published: March 2020

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a widespread difficulty of diabetes and is considered as a main reason for vision loss in all over the globe. Several difficulties of DR can be avoided by controlling blood glucose level and timely medication. In real time, it is difficult to detect the DR and consumes more time in a manual way. This paper introduces a new Gradient Descent (GD) based Hyper parameter tuned Xception model called GD-Xception model to detect and classify DR images in an effective way. The GD-Xception model involves a series of subprocesses namely preprocessing, segmentation, feature extraction and classification. A set of extensive simulation takes place to ensure the effective outcome of the presented GD-Xception model. The presented model is tested using a DR dataset from Kaggle. The extensive experimental study clearly portrayed the superior outcome of the GD-Xception model with the maximum accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of 99.39%, 98.50% and 99.62% respectively.
Efficient Routing Protocols and Coverage Issues in Wsn
Authors:   CSE, O.P.Jindal University, Raigarh, India, Pandey Umashankar , Bhansali Ashok ,   CSE, O.P.Jindal University, Raigarh, India.
Published: March 2020

Wireless sensor network is the most favorable topic in the current era, as the technology is growing tremendously the size of the devices are decreasing gradually and hence the sensors are getting smaller and inexpensive. This makes the deployment of wireless sensor network less complicated, but not only size of the sensor is the problem other different issues are also there like coverage and connectivity issues, without proper coverage of the monitoring area and isolated sensor nodes will never form a proper network. There are different routing protocols which are prominent for the evolution of the wireless sensor network. In this survey we are going to discuss these coverage and connectivity issue and different routing protocols, so that it can help in future research work.
VLSI Implementation of Digital Filter using Novel RTSD Adder and Booth Multiplier
Authors:   Asst. Professor, Dept. of Applied Electronics and Instrumentation, C. V. Raman College of Engg., Bhubaneswar, India., Behera Debasis , Patnaik Asutosh ,   Assistant Professor, Dept. of Applied Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, C. V. Raman College of Engineering, Bhubaneswar, India., Barik Prabhat Kumar ,   Assistant Professor, Dept. of Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering, CET, Bhubaneswar, India, Rath Girija Sankar ,   Professor, NIT, Rourkela, Odisha, India.
Published: March 2020

Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters are most important element in signal processing and communication. Area and speed optimization are the essential necessities of FIR filter design. This work looks at the design of Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filters from an arithmetic perspective. Since the fundamental arithmetic operations in the convolution equations are addition and multiplication, they are the objectives of the design analysis. For multiplication, Booth encoding is utilized in order to lessen the quantity of partial products. Consequently, considering carry-propagation free addition strategies should improve the addition operation of the filter. The redundant ternary signed-digit (RTSD) number framework is utilized to speedup addition in the filter. The redundant ternary representation utilizes more bits than required to denote the single binary digit because of which most numbers have several representations. This special behavior of RTSD allows the addition along with the absence of typical carry propagation. Xilinx ISE design suite 14.5 is used for the design and validation of proposed method. From the implementation result, the proposed design of FIR filter is compared with other conventional techniques to show the better performance by means of power, area and delay.
A Novel Energy Efficient Multi Level Leach Protocol with Multi Grouping at Various Levels
Authors:   Department of ECE, UTU, Dehradun, India., Arya Greeshma , Chauhan D. S. ,   Department of Electrical Engineering, IT BHU, Varanasi, India.
Published: March 2020

Traditionally, Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are powered by battery. Power diminish aggressively in various operations like data communication, aggregation and data compression so due to these constraints Multi hop routing becomes very promising solutions for high end applications of WSN such as defence area surveillance, monitoring of sensitive environmental conditions, also in precision agriculture, pervasive computing etc. In this paper we proposed that classic Multi Level Leach (ML-Leach) protocol can be further refined to achieve optimum utilization of energy by performing re-grouping at various levels in network considering uniform distribution of node.
Prioritization of Black Spots in Hilly Road Segment using Road Engineering Data
Authors:   Research Scholar. Department of Statistics Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, India., Pandey Shubham , Bura Gulab Singh ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Statistics Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajasthan, India.
Published: March 2020

Road accidents are one of the causes of disability, injury and death. As per the latest road accident data released by the Ministry of Road Transport & Highways (MoRTH), the total number of accidents increased by 2.5 percent from 4,89,400 in 2014 to 5,01,423 in 2015. The analysis reveals that about 1,374 accidents and 400 deaths take place every day. Every single year, it has been estimated that over three lakh persons die and 10-15 million persons are injured in road accidents throughout the world. According to the analyses, statistics of global accident indicate that in developing countries, the rate of fatality per licensed vehicle is very high as compared to that of industrialized countries. A road stretch of about 500 metres in length in which either ten fatalities or five road accidents (involving grievous injuries/fatalities) took place during last three calendar years, on National Highways is considered as a road accident black spot according to MoRTH, Government of India. In the present study the identified black spots of Haridwar and Dehradun city were included comprising of a total of 81 black spots out of which there were 49 black spots which were identified in Dehradun followed by 32 black spots in Haridwar. The present study was an attempt to carry out the prioritization of these identified blackspots with respect to the factors that were considered to evaluate accident prone locations on the road. The identified black spots were then prioritized using the classification scheme (ranking from low to high).The study reveals that the advantage of using this approach for prioritizing accident black spots on roads is that it requires very less additional data other than the road network maps.
АВТОБИОГРАФИЧЕСКОЕ НАЧАЛО В ЭПИСТОЛЯРНЫХ СОЧИНЕНИЯХ XVI ВЕКА
Authors: POPOV Dmitriy
Published: March 2020

История развития автобиографии в мировой литературе показывает, что первоначально элементы жизнеописаний существовали в различных жанрах. В данной статье исследуются автобиографические элементы в эпистолярных сочинениях древнерусских авторов. В этом направлении изучаются произведения Ивана Грозного и Андрея Курбского на фоне развития автобиографизма в средневековой словесности. В мировой лингвистике актуальными и востребованными являются исследования, посвященные ряду проблем, связанных с историей русского литературного языка, в частности, с жанром автобиографии и творчеством публицистов Московской Руси, их влиянием на литературный процесс. Цель работы состоит в анализе генезиса автобиографического дискурса в древнерусской литературе XVI века на материале посланий Ивана Грозного и Андрея Курбского. Особое внимание уделено тому, что в XVI веке в связи с ростом самосознания наблюдается и развитие автобиографизма. Расцвет публицистической и исторической литературы помогает раскрыть роль отдельной личности в важных для страны событиях. Писатели часто вводят в свои произведения автобиографические моменты как средство самооправдания, способ убедить читателя в необходимости совершения того или иного поступка.
The Microbiota Continuum along the Reproductive Tract in Women with Infertility
Authors: Godovalov A. P. , Karpunina T. I.
Published: March 2020

Introduction. At present, the question of commensal, including opportunistic, microflora participation in  infertility development remains debatable. In a number of studies, the translocation of the vaginal microflora into the endometrial tissue is considered as a factor contributing to inflammation development. In addition, the connection of some reproductive losses with the persistence of certain conditionally pathogenic microorganisms is shown. Today, to solve this issue, molecular genetic research methods are being actively introduced that surpass the routine cultivation techniques in a number of positions.

The aim of the study was to assess the taxonomic diversity of microorganisms in the vaginal biotope with infertility.

Material and methods. For the study samples of vaginal contents obtained from the posterior vaginal fornix of 15 women, consisting of barren marriage, were used. A metagenomic study of 16S ribosomal RNA samples was carried out on the Illumina MiSeq platform, using the MiSeq Reagent Kits v3 kit (600-Cycle Kit), as recommended by the manufacturer. Libraries for sequencing plots of the V3-V4 gene of the 16S ribosomal RNA were prepared according to the 16S Metagenomic Sequencing Library Preparation Illumina. In bioinformatics assessment, Kraken Metagenomics version 2.0.0 software for metagenomic analysis (classifier of reads — short nucleotide sequences) was used using a standard database.

Results. It was shown that the occurrence of representatives of the Lactobacillaceae family in the vaginal biotope varies from 12 to 84%. The genus Lactobacillus with the dominance of L. jensenii, L. delbrueckii and L. amylolyticus occupied the leading position among the members of the family. In all samples, Moraxella spp. was found in large numbers, with M. osloensis leading among the representatives of the entire community. In half of the cases, the joint presence of M. osloensis and G. vaginalis was revealed.

Conclusion. It has been established that in infertility in the vaginal microbiota the number of representatives of the genus Lactobacillus is significantly reduced, and there is also a change in the leading species to L. jensenii, whose functional activity does not fully ensure the colonization resistance of the vaginal biotope, allowing for excessive reproduction of oppotrunistic microorganisms, in particular, M. osloensis.
Current Epidemiological Features of Viral Hepatitis B and C, Tuberculosis and HIV Infection In Psychiatric Hospitals
Authors: Asratyan A. A. , Semenenko T. A. , Kal’nin I. B. , Orlova O. A. , Soloviev D. V. , Rusakova E. V. , Kazaryan S. M. , Kuzin S. N.
Published: March 2020

Background. Psychiatric hospitals, where patients with immunodeficiency often do not comply with basic preventive measures, as well as receiving a wide range of medical procedures, including parenteral ones, are the institutions of high risk of socially significant infections spreading.

The aim was to study the current epidemiological features of parenteral hepatitis among various categories of mentally ill patients (with pulmonary tuberculosis and HIV infection) and medical personnel in a large psychiatric hospital.

Materials and methods. Serological markers of hepatitis B (HB) and hepatitis C (HC) were determined in 8352 patients and 542 employees of a large psychiatric hospital using domestic diagnostic test systems.

Results. Markers of HB and HC among patients were revealed in 7.2% of persons (HB — 2.8%, HC — 3.1%, and HB+HC — 1.4%). The analysis of sex, age and social characteristics of HBVand HCV-patients was conducted. Markers of HC were significantly more common in HIV-infected patients (44.4% of individuals); the main routes of transmission of HB and HC were intravenous drug use and sexual intercourse. Among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, the maximum number of persons was found with markers of HB (44.3%) and HB+HC (38.2%); the main clinical form of pulmonary tuberculosis was represented by the infiltrative form (60.4%); in 53,7% of cases the bacillary forms were identified that pose a serious epidemiological risk in the spread of tuberculosis in the hospital. Analysis of the social structure showed that HBV+HC+HIV and pulmonary tuberculosis are characteristics of persons with aggravated social status. The most frequent factors of infection with HBV and HCV were longterm parenteral loading and intravenous drug use. The greatest factor of parenteral load was observed in mentally ill patients diagnosed with HB+HC accompanying tuberculosis. It was shown that the frequency of HBV and HCV markers detection among medical personnel depends on the department profile, work duration, frequency and risk of contact with blood during professional activity.

Conclusion. A high level of comorbidity of mental disorders and socially significant infectious diseases (HIV infection, tuberculosis and HB and HC) has been established, which has a significant impact on the epidemic process of these infections. Preventive programmes established in hospitals and in the territories they serve should take into account their comorbidity. The necessity of specific and non-specific prevention of viral hepatitis in patients and medical staff of psychiatric hospitals is shown.
Heteromorphism of Persistence of Sapronosis Causative Agents in Cells in Various Environmental Conditions
Authors: Somova L. M. , Andryukov B. G. , Lyapun I. N.
Published: March 2020

The paper discusses the issues of morphofunctional variability of sapronoses pathogens in stressful environment. In the current century, sapronoses infections attract increasing attention. Under unfavorable environmental conditions the pathogens use the strategy for the formation of resting (stable) states, that is: viable but non-culturable cell formes and persistent bacteria, which are characterized by reduced metabolism and changes in the morphology and physiology of the microorganisms, termination of replication. Possibility of sapronoses pathogens survival in interepidemic period and antibiotic resistance formation, which play an important role in chronic infections, are associated with the formation of persistent forms of bacteria. The literature extensively discusses mechanisms and conditions of the pathogenic bacteria stable states formation and their pathogenetic contribution to infectious pathology, whereas ultrastructural organization and morphological variability of persistent cell forms, as well as their differentiation, causing the pathogens population heterogeneity, is still insufficiently illuminated. Based on the analysis of current data and their own experience, the authors evaluate the morphological and functional changes of bacteria stable cellular forms and their role in sapronoses pathogens adaptation strategies.
Modern Conceptions about the Mechanisms of Interaction Between Biofilm and Cellular Immunity Factors
Authors: Shlepotina N. M. , Peshikova M. V. , Kolesnikov O. L. , Shishkova Yu. S.
Published: March 2020

Features of the cellular immune response in the presence of a microbial biofilm are well described in the literature. Based on numerous studies, it became possible to establish a number of patterns: mature biofilms are better protected from immune factors, the effectiveness of antibiofilm strategies depends on species of the microorganisms, forming the biofilm, and, accordingly, on the composition of the biopolymer matrix. For example, rhamnolipids and alginate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa exert a significant negative effect on the function of immunocompetent cells. The bacteria of biofilms became able to turn to their advantage many of the protective reactions developed by the immune system and fixed evolutionarily, applying them for the growth and development of the microbial consortium.
Oopbronintelligensie (OSINT) vir veiligheidsdoeleindes: Die ontwikkeling van ’n dataontledingspyplyn om relevante WhatsAppboodskappe te ontleed
Authors: Senekal Burgert A , Kotzé Eduan
Published: March 2020

Oopbronintelligensie het in die laaste paar dekades die dominante intelligensiedissipline geword. Die inligtingsontploffi ng het egter daartoe gelei dat geoutomatiseerde metodes aangewend moet word om inligting uit groot hoeveelhede data, wat gereeld in ’n ongestruktureerde formaat bestaan en deurlopend gegeneer word, te onttrek. Boonop het nuwe inligtingskanale soos sosiale media ontstaan wat beteken dat nie slegs die hoofstroommedia gemonitor kan word om gebeurtenisse te identifi seer nie. Hierdie artikel bespreek hoe ’n dataversamelings en -ontledingspyplyn saamgestel kan word om inligting uit WhatsApp boodskappe, wat op groepe met hul eie sienings van veiligheidsbegrippe of probleme voorkom, en onder meer verwys na gewelddadige betogings, plaasaanvalle, grondgrype en ander misdaad in Suid-Afrika, te onttrek. Daar word bespreek hoe teks skoongemaak word en gebeurtenisse en plekname onttrek word en dan outomaties na ’n visuele en interaktiewe gebruikerskoppelvlak uitgevoer word om die voorkoms van hierdie gebeurtenisse in kleiner areas of sektore en later landswyd te kan monitor. Uitdagings en probleme word bespreek, sowel as verdere navorsingsgeleenthede, wat insluit om so ’n stelsel met veiligheidheidsreaksiemagte soos die Polisiediens se databasisse te integreer ten einde waardevolle reaksie vir die gemeenskap ten opsigte van veiligheid te weeg te bring.
ФОРМА КАЛЬЦИЙ-ФОСФАТНЫХ БИОНОВ ОПРЕДЕЛЯЕТ ИХ ТОКСИЧНОСТЬ ДЛЯ КУЛЬТУР ЭНДОТЕЛИАЛЬНЫХ КЛЕТОК ЧЕЛОВЕКА
Authors: Kutikhin A.G. , Velikanova E.A. , Shishkova D.K. , Grigoriev E.V. , Barbarash O.L. , Matveeva V.G.
Published: March 2020

Цель исследования. Сравнение токсичности сферических кальций-фосфатных бионов (СКФБ) и игольчатых кальций-фосфатных бионов (ИКФБ) для культур эндотелиальных клеток. Материал и методы. Эндотелиотоксичность бионов была изучена при помощи добавления равных концентраций СКФБ или ИКФБ к: 1) разреженным или конфлюэнтным культурам иммортализованных венозных эндотелиальных клеток человека линии EA.hy 926 с последующим культивированием в течение 24 или 4 ч соответственно 2) конфлюэнтным культурам коммерческих первичных эндотелиальных клеток коронарной и внутренней грудной артерии человека с последующим культивированием в течение 24 ч. Эндотелиотоксические эффекты бионов оценивали при помощи сочетанного окрашивания клеток флюоресцентными красителями Hoechst 33342 и бромистым этидием, а также посредством колориметрического теста. Кроме того, методом проточной цитометрии определяли морфотип и стадии гибели клеток вышеуказанных культур. Результаты. СКФБ и ИКФБ индуцировали гибель эндотелиальных клеток всех трех линий по апоптотическому морфотипу, при этом ИКФБ продемонстрировали значительно более высокую цитотоксичность, чем СКФБ. Устойчивость культур к токсическому действию кальций-фосфатных бионов (КФБ) определялась степенью их конфлюэнтности (конфлюэнтные культуры были более устойчивы, чем разреженные) и типом клеточной линии (эндотелиальные клетки внутренней грудной артерии показали большую устойчивость в сравнении с эндотелиальными клетками коронарной артерии). Выводы. Токсичность КФБ для культур эндотелиальных клеток зависит от их формы: формирующиеся при тяжелом перенасыщении среды ионами кальция и фосфора ИКФБ обладают более высокой эндотелиотоксичностью, чем образующиеся при умеренном перенасыщении СКФБ. Эндотелиальные клетки внутренней грудной артерии менее чувствительны к воздействию СКФБ и ИКФБ в сравнении с эндотелиальными клетками коронарной артерии человека. Ключевые слова: атеросклероз, бионы, гидроксиапатит, эндотелий, цитотоксичность, апоптоз. Список сокращений: КФБ кальций-фосфатные бионы, СКФБ сферические кальций-фосфатные бионы, ИКФБ игольчатые кальций-фосфатные бионы, HCAEC первичные эндотелиальные клетки коронарной артерии человека, HITAEC первичные эндотелиальные клетки внутренней грудной артерии человека, ФСБ фосфатно-солевой буфер.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TIPE STAD (STUDEN TEAM ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION) DALAM MENINGKATKAN MINAT BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN PKn DI SMP NEGERI 4 BEO DI LOBBO
Authors: Tandea Leidi , Pasandaran Sjamsi , Pangalila Theodorus
Published: March 2020

Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan berbagai permasalahan seputar minat belajar siswa antara lain: tidak memiliki minat belajar dalam pelajaran PKn, kurangnya perhatian siswa dalam proses belajar mengajar, siswa pasif dan hanya guru yang aktif, tidak memiliki semangat untuk belajar pelajaran PKn, dan tidak membuat tugas yang diberikan oleh guru. Adapun yang menjadi tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh informasi tentang penerapan model pembelajaran Kooperatif tipe STAD (Student Team Achievement Division) untuk meningkatkan minat belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran PKn di SMP Negeri 4 Beo di Lobbo. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam karya ilmiah ini adalah metode penelitian deskriptif naratif dengan pendekatan kualitatif, dimana peneliti ingin menggambarkan suatu fakta yang ada disekolah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD dalam meningkatkan minat belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran PKn di SMP negeri 4 Beo di Lobbo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran tipe STAD yang sudah diterapkan dapat meningkatkan minat belajar siswa dan dapat menciptakan pembelajaran yang menarik sehingga siswa tertarik untuk belajar dan ikut berpartisipasi dalam proses belajar. Dan pada model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD ini diskusi dan kerja kelompok memberikan kesempatan kepada siswa untuk dapat berpikir, berdiskusi bersama teman-teman sekelompoknya dan membuat kuis yang membuat siswa tertarik untuk belajar. Oleh karena itu, penulis merekomendasikan untuk penelitian selanjutnya agar dalam meningkatkan minat belajar siswa maka guru dapat menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD (Student Team Achievement Division). Kata Kunci : Kooperatif Tipe STAD, Minat Belajar, PKn
PENERAPAN METODE BIOREMEDIASI DAN FITOREMEDIASI PADA REKLAMASI LOW WALL PIT PERI, PT KALTIM PRIMA COAL
Authors: Gusprastomo Niko , Febrianto Agung , Wardana Wahyu , Pranoto Kris
Published: March 2020

Kegiatan penambangan pada akhirnya akan menyisakan lubang tambang (void)dan dinding-dinding lubang tambang. Low Wall merupakan dinding lubangtambang dengan sudut kemiringan searah lapisan batu bara, sedangkan HighWall merupakan dinding lubang tambang dengan arah sebaliknya. Keduanyaakan tetap nampak di atas permukaan air void dan menjadi bagian dari kewajiban reklamasi. Low Wall Pit Peri seluas ± 6 ha memiliki sudut kemiringan 26 % dengan sifat kimia tanah: miskin zat organik, pH masam, kandungan batuan pembentuk asam (PAF) tinggi, serta rendahnya nilai KTK (kapasitas tukar kation) dan kejenuhan basa. Kondisi tersebut tergolong lahan kritis sehingga memerlukan rekayasa khusus dalam melakukan reklamasi.PT KPC telah melakukan reklamasi-revegetasi di Low Wall Pit Peri dengankombinasi metode bioremediasi dan fitoremediasi. Tahapan reklamasi diawalipembersihan permukaan carbonaceous untuk mengurangi tereksposnya batuanPAF, penyiapan media tanam bioremediasi, dan penanaman fitoremediasi.Metode ini cukup efektif memperbaiki sifat kimia tanah. Terbukti pada umur ±11 bulan setelah tanam, pohon turi telah mencapai ketinggian rata-rata ± 1,5 mdan rumput signal grass mampu menutupi mayoritas areal yang ditabur.
Promoting Learner Autonomy and Self-Directed Learning: The Evolution of a SALC Curriculum
Authors: Mynard Jo , Stevenson Rob
Published: March 2020

If key aims of a SALC are to support learners and promote language learner autonomy, then the curriculum is an important tool in order to ensure that this is being systematically addressed. After explaining the context of the Self-Access Learning Center (SALC) at Kanda University of International Studies in Japan, the authors will briefly describe the self-directed learning curriculum, its evolution, and approaches to its evaluation. The development, implementation, and evaluation of a SALC curriculum is not straightforward as there may be political, financial, and technical challenges. However, with planning, persistence, and a gradual approach, a SALC curriculum can eventually become an integral part of a university program. Although the journey of this particular SALC is far from complete, charting its development so far could provide encouragement for SALC managers elsewhere, whose SALC curriculum may be at different stages of development.
Introduction
Authors: Mynard Jo , Mideros Diego , Yamashita Hisako
Published: March 2020

Welcome to the June 2019 issue of SiSAL Journal which contains four regular papers and three reviews. Coincidentally, three of four regular papers focus on the roles of learners within self-access centres. In addition, one of the conference reviews is by an undergraduate student (Shirakawa) who presented his research at a self-access conference in Japan. Finally, the book review (Cotterall) is for a volume edited by Murray and Lamb that (among other things) explores how learners appropriate and take ownership of spaces for learning. Our observations from conferences and recent papers, including this issue of SiSAL Journal, indicate that student leadership and learner ownership and empowerment are growing areas of development for self-access. We will continue to observe this aspect of our practice with interest.
Bullying: tres miradas de una misma realidad. Un estudio exploratorio en la escuela primaria
Authors: Krumm de Nikolaus Sonia , Nikolaus Raúl
Published: March 2020

El bullying es un fenómeno relacional en el que intervienen numerosas variables personales, institucionales y sociales. En este último ámbito, la investigación demuestra que la violencia estructural de los sistemas, el contagio social de las conductas y los valores provenientes de las creencias en la cultura predominante tienen un alto impacto en los niveles de intimidación que pueden darse en la escuela. Sin embargo, no todos los actores de la educación perciben el fenómeno de la misma manera, dado que el bullying es un comportamiento oculto y aparece bajo la mirada cómplice de quienes rodean a la víctima y al victimario. ¿Cuál es el grado de conciencia acerca de la existencia del bullying en la escuela y qué nivel de compromiso hay en la prevención de su aparición por parte de cada uno de los actores de la educación?

El tipo de estudio corresponde a un diseño de corte transversal y descriptivo y a una metodología cuanti-cualitativa, cuyos resultados están basados en la triangulación del instrumento PRECONCIMEI, compuesto de tres encuestas autoadministradas, una para alumnos, otra para docentes y una tercera para padres. El propósito de este trabajo fue explorar y contrastar el nivel de bullying percibido por los niños de 4º, 5º y 6º años de educación primaria, con el nivel de bullying percibido por docentes y padres en ambientes suburbanos. El objeto último de este estudio consistió en crear conciencia acerca de la existencia de intimidación entre escolares que impulse a proponer planes de prevención y tratamiento, involucrando a todos los actores de la comunidad educativa.