bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A New IPTV Multicast Fast Reroute Method
Authors: Wang Yan , Cai Jifei , Zhang Mingming , Cheng Mingzhi
Published: April 2018

This document proposes an IP multicast fast convergence method based on differentiating primary and backup PIM(Protocol Independent Multicast) join.  The multicast stream is only sent along one of the multicast primary and backup path, which enables the efficient multicast delivery under both normal and abnormal conditions. The Single stream FRR(Fast Re-Route) solution has the advantages of implementing fast multicast protection and of avoiding double multicast bandwidth occupation in both normal and abnormal situations.
A Credible Food Traceability System Based on Domain Name System Security Extensions
Authors: Liu Yi , Liu Sha , Wang Junyu , Qian Kan , Shi Yiwei , Zheng Lirong , Chen Feng , Kong Ning
Published: April 2018

Food safety has drawn worldwide attention because of its enormous impact on human health and social stability. Although traceability systems based on Internet of Things (IoT) can improve the visibility of the food supply chain, the trust service is necessary to ensure the data origin and data integrity. This paper proposes a food traceability system supported by a trust service based on Domain Name System Security Extensions(DNSSEC). A DNSSEC-enabled traceability system is implemented for food safety in China. In the traceability system, the master data and event data of the products is stored in distributed databases owned and managed by the enterprises respectively in the supply chain. Enterprise oriented Internet of Things Information Service (iotIS) is an important component of the distributed traceability system. A trust service for the Internet of Things, iotTS, is proposed to guarantee the data integrity. With this service, it can be ensured that the information stored in the enterprise database is original and has never been manipulated. Lightweight public keys are distributed based on the DNSSEC in this solution. Compared with the existing solutions, the proposed solution has better scalability and credibility.
Using Principal Component Analysis and Least Squares Support Vector Machine to Predict the Silicon Content in Blast Furnace System
Authors: Luo Shihua , Chen Tianxin , Jian Ling
Published: April 2018

Blast furnace system is a typical example of complex industrial system. The silicon ([Si]) content in blast furnace system is an important index to reflect the temperature of furnace. Therefore, it is significant to carry out an accurate predictive control of furnace temperature. In this paper a composite model combining Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Least Squares Support Vector Machine (LSSVM) is established to predict the furnace temperature. At the very beginning, in order to avoid redundancy and excessive noise pollution, PCA method is applied to reduce the dimensionality of original input variables. Secondly, the dimension-reduced variables are introduced to predict the silicon content by applying the LSSVM model. Finally, the result is compared with direct multivariable LSSVM prediction. The simulation results show that the new algorithm has positive significance as it achieves more obvious prediction hit rate (more than 80%) than direct multivariable LSSVM (with rate lower than 75%).
Body Height Estimation System Based on Binocular Vision
Authors: Yang Guangyi , Li Deshi , Ru Guobao , Cao Jiahua , Jin Weizheng
Published: April 2018

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to estimate body height from video sequences based on binocular stereo vision. Firstly, we built a parallel binocular stereo vision device and detected the foreground by using Gaussian mixture model. After shadow elimination, we proposed the contour screening algorithm to obtain the human foreground and the top point in the foreground image. Then, we detected SURF feature points in the binocular images and screened them for 3 times to calculate the disparity of the head. After that, the height of human bodies can be estimated with the calibration parameters of binocular cameras. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method has higher measurement accuracy and spends less time which proves the effectiveness of the method.
A Study on DLC Tool Coating for Deep Drawing and Ironing of Stainless Steel
Authors: Üstünyagiz Esmeray , Sulaiman Mohd Hafis , Christiansen Peter , Nielsen Chris Valentin , Bay Nils
Published: April 2018

The trend in metal forming tribology is to develop new tribo-systems including new lubricants, tool materials and tool coatings in order to substitute environmentally hazardous lubricants by environmentally friendly tribo-systems. In preliminary testing the limits of lubrication of new tribo-systems for sheet forming production, it is advantageous to use dedicated simulative tribo-tests. This paper studies the influence of tool coatings on deep drawing operations using the Bending Under Tension (BUT) test and also under more severe tribological conditions by adopting the Strip Reduction Test (SRT) to replicate industrial ironing of deep drawn, stainless steel parts. Non-hazardous tribo-systems in form of a double layer Diamond-like coated tool applied under dry condition or with an environmentally friendly lubricant were investigated via emulating industrial process conditions in laboratory tests. Experiments revealed that the double layer coating worked successfully, i.e. with no sign of galling, when it was used with environmentally friendly lubricants, whereas the results were more prone to galling under dry condition.
Tribological Behavior of Different Tool Steels and Surface Properties under Hot Stamping Conditions
Authors: Schwingenschlögl Patrik , Tenner Jennifer , Merklein Marion
Published: April 2018

Hot stamping is a well-established technology for producing safety relevant components. The use of hot stamped components in modern car bodies offers the possibility of improving the crash performance while reducing the fuel consumption by using thinner sheet thicknesses. Hot stamped components are mainly produced out of the boron-manganese-steel 22MnB5. To avoid oxide scale formation during the heat treatment and the subsequent forming process AlSi coatings are applied on the workpiece surface. Due to the high forming temperatures, the use of lubricants is not suitable for the hot stamping process. Consequently, high friction and severe wear occur during the forming process and affect the resulting quality of hot stamped parts as well as the tool wear. In order to improve the part quality and increase the efficiency of industrial hot stamping applications, measures for reducing the tribological load during the forming have to be found. Within this study, the tool-sided impact on the tribological conditions is analyzed. Three different hot working tool steels were characterized based on strip drawing experiments under hot stamping conditions. Based on these investigations the tool steel characteristics hardness, thermal conductivity as well as chemical composition have been identified as possible influencing factors on the tribological conditions. Furthermore, the influence of the surface finish on the tribological performance was investigated by analyzing tool surfaces with three different roughness values and two PVD coatings. The experiments indicate a significant reduction of friction and wear due to application of PVD coatings while the tool roughness did not affect the tribological behavior under hot stamping conditions.
Multi-Scale Contact Modeling of Coated Steels for Sheet Metal Forming Applications
Authors: Shisode Meghshyam , Hazrati Marangalou Javad , Mishra Tanmaya , de Rooij Matthijn , van den Boogaard Ton
Published: April 2018

Friction in sheet metal forming is a local phenomenon which depends on continuously evolving contact conditions during the forming process. This is mainly influenced by local contact pressure, surface textures of the sheet metal as well as the forming tool surface profile and material behavior. The first step for an accurate prediction of friction is to reliably estimate real area of contact at various normal loads. In this study, a multi-scale contact model for the normal load is presented to predict asperity deformation in coated steels and thus to estimate the real area of contact. Surface profiles of the zinc layer and steel substrate are modelled explicitly obtained from confocal measurements. Different mechanical properties are assigned to the zinc coating and the steel substrate. The model was calibrated and validated relative to lab-scale normal load tests using different samples of zinc coated steel with distinct surface textures. The results show that the model is able to predict the real area of contact in zinc-coated steels for various contact pressures and different surface textures. Current multi-scale model can be used to determine the local friction coefficient in sheet metal forming processes more accurately.
Friction and Wear Analysis of Deep Rolled and Vibrorolled Specimens in Lubricated Contact
Authors: Klocke Fritz , Shirobokov Anton , Hild Rafael , Feuerhack Andreas , Trauth Daniel , Mattfeld Patrick
Published: April 2018

Deep rolling is an established mechanical surface treatment technology based on local plastic deformation of the surface layer. By these means, residual stresses, and strain hardening are induced into the surface layer as well as its surface structure is smoothed. Vibrorolling is a derivate technology of deep rolling characterized by sinusoidal rolling lanes. Due to process kinematics of vibrorolling the surface layer is incrementally deformed multiple times in different directions. As a result, a more intensive plastic deformation of the surface layer is achieved and potentially tribologically active surface structures are produced. To investigate and compare the effects of both surface treatment technologies on the tribological behavior of a processed component, a friction and wear analysis under lubricated conditions was conducted in this work. Friction and wear behavior of untreated, deep rolled, and vibrorolled specimens using a pin-on-cylinder tribometer was conducted. Hardness, roughness, and geometrical measurements of the wear traces were used to characterize the specimens. Additionally, qualitative assessments of the wear traces using scanning electron microscopy imaging were made. The measurements were performed before, during, and after the friction and wear analysis. Furthermore, contact forces between a tribometer pin and the workpiece were determined to analyze the development of contact shear stresses. Based on the conducted investigations, the effects of deep rolling and vibrorolling on the friction and wear behavior of the treated specimens are discussed and explanations for the observed phenomena are formulated in this work.
A critical analysis of the meaning of the term ‘value’ in Section 30(6)(e) of the Companies Act
Authors: Dippenaar Mareli
Published: April 2018

Background: Sections 30(4) and 30(5) of the Companies Act 71 of 2008 (the Act) require, inter alia, disclosure of the remuneration received by each director in a company’s annual financial statements. Section 30(6) defines the term ‘remuneration’, which includes, inter alia, in Section 30(6)(e) the ‘value’ of any option or right granted to a director, as contemplated in Section 42, which deals with options for the allotment or subscription of securities or shares of a company. It is uncertain what the intended meaning of the term ‘value’ is in this context and it is interpreted differently by different companies in practice. Aim: The objective of this study was to understand the meaning of the term ‘value’ in Section 30(6)(e) of the Act (including the date of measurement thereof), as intended by the legislature. Setting: This article examined existing literature in a South African corporate and legislative environment. Method: A non-empirical study of existing literature was conducted by performing a historical analysis within a South African context. A doctrinal research approach was followed. Results: Possible interpretations of the term ‘value’ include the grant date fair value of the rights, the fair value at reporting date, the fair value on vesting date, the expense calculated in terms of the International Financial Reporting Standard on share-based payments, the gain on exercise of the rights and the intrinsic value on reporting date. It is submitted that the most likely meaning is the grant date fair value. Conclusion: It was found that the meaning of the term ‘value’, for purposes of Section 30(6)(e) of the Act, is unclear and interpreted differently by different companies. It is, therefore, recommended that the wording of Section 30(6)(e) is amended to reflect the meaning intended by the legislature.
Sutureless and glue-free conjunctival autograft for pterygium surgery: A preliminary report about Libyan experience
Authors: Elzlitni Naeima , Eldressi Sabah , Bukhatwa Samar
Published: April 2018

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and outcome of sutureless and glue-free conjunctival autograft for the management of primary pterygium in terms of complications such as loss of graft, graft dehiscence, and recurrence rate. Materials and Methods: A case series study was carried out in March 2015 at Nastaein private sanatorium, Zlitin, Libya. Twenty-seven eyes of 23 patients with primary pterygium were included in this study. Pterygium excision with conjunctival autografting without using sutures or glue was done to all patients. The patients were followed up postoperatively after 1 h, 1st day postoperatively, and then 1 week, 4 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months. Results: The mean age of the patients was 55.9 ± 8.55 years (range: 43–71 years); 65% were male. Mean follow-up time was 10.2 ± 2 months. Changes of visual acuity were not noticed in any of these patients. Only one patient (3.7%) developed edge recession of the graft on the 1st postoperative day due to a wrong measurement of the size of the graft, and no other complications were noted. Cosmesis was excellent in all cases and no recurrence was noted. Conclusions: Sutureless and glue-free conjunctival autograft for primary pterygium surgery is a safe and effective way for the management of primary pterygium.
Sharp Bertini Theorem for Plane Curves over Finite Fields
Authors: Asgarli Shamil
Published: April 2018

We prove that if
$C$
is a reflexive smooth plane curve of degree
$d$
defined over a finite field
$\mathbb{F}_{q}$
with
$d\leqslant q+1$
, then there is an
$\mathbb{F}_{q}$
-line
$L$
that intersects
$C$
transversely. We also prove the same result for non-reflexive curves of degree
$p+1$
and
$2p+1$
when
$q=p^{r}$
.
Assessing Residents' Veteran-Centered Care Skills in the Clinical Setting
Authors: Ross Paula T. , Fitzgerald James T. , Ravindranath Divy , Pfeiffer Paul N. , Singh Mamta K. , Weiner Saul J. , Rooney Deborah M. , Buckler Stacie , Whitman Laurie , Watts Brook , Jones Dorian , Tremblay Adam S. , Lypson Monica L.
Published: April 2018

Background 

Despite their placement in Veterans Health Administration centers nationwide, residents' training and assessment in veteran-centered care is variable and often insufficient.

Objective 

We assessed residents' ability to recognize and address mental health issues that affect US military veterans.

Methods 

Two unannounced standardized patient (SP) cases were used to assess internal medicine residents' veteran-centered care skills from September 2014 to March 2016. Residents were assessed on 7 domains: military history taking, communication skills, assessment skills, mental health screening, triage, and professionalism, using a 36-item checklist. After each encounter, residents completed a questionnaire to assess their ability to recognize knowledge deficits. Residents' mean scores were compared across training levels, between the 2 cases, and by SP gender. We conducted analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests to analyze mean performance differences across training levels and descriptive statistics to analyze self-assessment questionnaire results.

Results 

Ninety-eight residents from 2 internal medicine programs completed the encounter and 53 completed the self-assessment questionnaire. Residents performed best on professionalism (0.92 ± 0.20, percentage of the maximal score) and triage (0.87 ± 0.17), and they scored lowest on posttraumatic stress disorder (0.52 ± 0.30) and military sexual trauma (0.33 ± 0.39). Few residents reported that they sought out training to enhance their knowledge and skills in the provision of services and support to military and veteran groups beyond their core curriculum.

Conclusions 

This study suggests that additional education and assessment in veteran-centered care may be needed, particularly in the areas of posttraumatic stress disorder and military sexual trauma.
Public Management Versus Private Management in the Provision of Drinking Water: What is the Cheapest?
Authors: Benito Bernardino , Guillamón María-Dolores , Ríos Ana-María
Published: April 2018

Advocates of the privatisation/outsourcing of public sector services defend the cost savings and greater efficiency derived from this type of management. In this sense, many local governments have opted to outsource the provision of some public services. However, empirical evidence for cost savings in the provision of public services is mixed. Accordingly, we analyze if the effective cost of drinking water provision depends on the type of management carried out by the local government for a sample of more than 3,500 Spanish municipalities. We find that provision of drinking water is cheaper if it is managed directly by the local government. Therefore, our results suggest that the provision of services privately does not always guarantee cost savings.
Chemical characteristics of size-resolved atmospheric aerosols in Iasi, north-eastern Romania: nitrogen-containing inorganic compounds control aerosol chemistry in the area
Authors: Galon-Negru Alina Giorgiana , Olariu Romeo Iulian , Arsene Cecilia
Published: April 2018

Abstract. This study assesses the effects of particle size and season on the content of
the major inorganic and organic aerosol ionic components in the Iasi urban
area, north-eastern Romania. Continuous measurements were carried out over
2016 using a cascade Dekati low-pressure impactor (DLPI) performing
aerosol size classification in 13 specific fractions over the
0.0276–9.94 µm size range. Fine-particulate Cl−,
NO3-, NH4+, and K+ exhibited clear minima during the warm
season and clear maxima over the cold season, mainly due to trends in
emission sources, changes in the mixing layer depth and specific
meteorological conditions. Fine-particulate SO42- did not show much
variation with respect to seasons. Particulate NH4+ and NO3-
ions were identified as critical parameters controlling aerosol chemistry in
the area, and their measured concentrations in fine-mode (PM2.5)
aerosols were found to be in reasonable good agreement with modelled values
for winter but not for summer. The likely reason is that NH4NO3
aerosols are lost due to volatility over the warm season. We found that
NH4+ in PM2.5 is primarily associated with SO42- and
NO3- but not with Cl−. Actually, indirect ISORROPIA-II
estimations showed that the atmosphere in the Iasi area might be ammonia rich
during both the cold and warm seasons, enabling enough NH3 to be present
to neutralize H2SO4, HNO3, and HCl acidic components and to
generate fine-particulate ammonium salts, in the form of
(NH4)2SO4, NH4NO3, and NH4Cl. ISORROPIA-II runs
allowed us to estimate that over the warm season ∼ 35 % of the
total analysed samples had very strongly acidic pH (0–3), a fraction that rose
to ∼ 43 % over the cold season. Moreover, while in the cold
season the acidity is mainly accounted for by inorganic acids, in the warm
ones there is an important contribution by other compounds, possibly organic.
Indeed, changes in aerosol acidity would most likely impact the
gas–particle partitioning of semi-volatile organic acids. Overall, we
estimate that within the aerosol mass concentration the ionic mass brings a
contribution as high as 40.6 %, with the rest still being unaccounted
for.
Recent climate variations in Chile: constraints from borehole temperature profiles
Authors: Pickler Carolyne , Gurza Fausto Edmundo , Beltrami Hugo , Mareschal Jean-Claude , Suárez Francisco , Chacon-Oecklers Arlette , Blin Nicole , Cortés Calderón Maria Teresa , Montenegro Alvaro , Harris Rob , Tassara Andres
Published: April 2018

Abstract. We have compiled, collected, and analyzed 31 temperature–depth
profiles from boreholes in the Atacama Desert in central and northern Chile.
After screening these profiles, we found that only nine profiles at four different
sites were suitable to invert for ground temperature history. For all the
sites, no surface temperature variations could be resolved for the period
1500–1800. In the northern coastal region of Chile, there is no perceptible
temperature variation at all from 1500 to present. In the northern central
Chile region, between 26 and 28∘ S, the data suggest a
cooling from ≈ 1850 to ≈ 1980 followed by a 1.9 K warming
starting ≈ 20–40 years BP. This result is consistent with the ground
surface temperature histories for Peru and the semiarid regions of South
America. The duration of the cooling trend is poorly resolved and it may
coincide with a marked short cooling interval in the 1960s that is found in
meteorological records. The total warming is greater than that inferred from
proxy climate reconstructions for central Chile and southern South America,
and by the PMIP3-CMIP5 surface temperature simulations for the north-central
Chile grid points. The differences among different climate reconstructions,
meteorological records, and models are likely due to differences in spatial
and temporal resolution among the various data sets and the models.
Timescale dependence of the relationship between the East Asian summer monsoon strength and precipitation over eastern China in the last millennium
Authors: Shi Jian , Yan Qing , Wang Huijun
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Precipitation/humidity proxies are widely used to reconstruct the
historical East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) variations based on the
assumption that summer precipitation over eastern China is closely and stably
linked to the strength of EASM. However, whether the observed
EASM–precipitation relationship (e.g., increased precipitation with a
stronger EASM) was stable throughout the past remains unclear. In this
study, we used model outputs from the Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project
Phase III and Community Earth System Model to investigate the stability
of the EASM–precipitation relationship over the last millennium on different
timescales. The model results indicate that the EASM strength (defined as the
regionally averaged meridional wind) was enhanced in the Medieval Climate Anomaly
(MCA; ∼ 950–1250 AD), during which there was increased precipitation
over eastern China, and weakened during the Little Ice Age (LIA;
∼ 1500–1800 AD), during which there was decreased precipitation,
consistent with precipitation/humidity proxies. However, the simulated
EASM–precipitation relationship is only stable on a centennial and longer
timescale and is unstable on a shorter timescale. The nonstationary
short-timescale EASM–precipitation relationship broadly exhibits a
multi-decadal periodicity, which may be attributed to the internal
variability of the climate system and has no significant correlation to
external forcings. Our results have implications for understanding the
discrepancy among various EASM proxies on a multi-decadal timescale and
highlight the need to rethink reconstructed decadal EASM variations based on
precipitation/humidity proxies.
The 405 kyr and 2.4 Myr eccentricity components in Cenozoic
carbon isotope records
Authors: Kocken Ilja J. , Cramwinckel Marlow J. , Zeebe Richard E. , Middelburg Jack J. , Sluijs Appy
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Cenozoic stable carbon (δ13C) and oxygen (δ18O) isotope ratios of deep-sea foraminiferal calcite co-vary with the 405 kyr eccentricity cycle, suggesting a link between orbital forcing, the climate system, and the carbon cycle. Variations in δ18O are partly forced by ice-volume changes that have mostly occurred since the Oligocene. The cyclic δ13C–δ18O co-variations are found in both ice-free and glaciated climate states, however. Consequently, there should be a mechanism that forces the δ13C cycles independently of ice-dynamics. In search of this mechanism, we simulate the response of several key components of the carbon cycle to orbital forcing in the Long-term Ocean-atmosphere-Sediment CArbon cycle Reservoir model (LOSCAR). We force the model by changing the burial of organic carbon in the ocean with various astronomical solutions and noise, and study the response of the main carbon cycle tracers. Consistent with previous work, the simulations reveal that low frequency oscillations in the forcing are preferentially amplified relative to higher frequencies. However, while oceanic δ13C mainly varies with a 405 kyr period in the model, the dynamics of dissolved inorganic carbon in the oceans and of atmospheric CO2 are dominated by the 2.4 Myr cycle of eccentricity. This implies that the total ocean and atmosphere carbon inventory is strongly influenced by carbon cycle variability that exceeds the time scale of the 405 kyr period (such as silicate weathering). To test the applicability of the model results, we assemble a long (~ 22 Myr) δ13C and δ18O composite record spanning the Eocene to Miocene (34 to 12 Ma) and perform spectral analysis to assess the presence of the 2.4 Myr cycle. We find that, while the 2.4 Myr cycle appears to be overshadowed by long-term changes in the composite record, it is is present as an amplitude modulator of the 405 and 100 kyr eccentricity cycles.
Evaluating residual error approaches for post-processing monthly and seasonal streamflow forecasts
Authors: Woldemeskel Fitsum , McInerney David , Lerat Julien , Thyer Mark , Kavetski Dmitri , Shin Daehyok , Tuteja Narendra , Kuczera George
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Streamflow forecasting is prone to substantial uncertainty due to errors in meteorological forecasts, hydrological model structure and parameterization, as well as in the observed rainfall and streamflow data used to calibrate the models. Statistical streamflow post-processing is an important technique available to improve the probabilistic properties of the forecasts. This study evaluates three residual error models based on the logarithmic (Log), log-sinh (Log-Sinh) and Box-Cox with λ = 0.2 (BC0.2) transformation schemes and identifies the best performing scheme for post-processing monthly and seasonal (3-months) streamflow forecasts, such as those produced by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology. Using the Bureau’s operational dynamic streamflow forecasting system, we carry out comprehensive analysis of the three post-processing schemes across 300 Australian catchments with a wide range of hydro-climatic conditions. Forecast verification is assessed using reliability and sharpness metrics, as well as the Continuous Ranked Probability Skill Score (CRPSS). Results show that the uncorrected forecasts (i.e. without post-processing) are unreliable at half of the catchments. Post-processing using the three residual error models substantially improves reliability, with more than 90 % of forecasts classified as reliable. In terms of sharpness, the BC0.2 scheme significantly outperforms the Log and Log-Sinh schemes. Overall, the BC0.2 scheme achieves reliable and sharper-than-climatology forecasts at a larger number of catchments than the Log and Log-Sinh error models. This study is significant because the reliable and sharper forecasts obtained using the BC0.2 post-processing scheme will help water managers and users of the forecasting service to make better-informed decisions in planning and management of water resources.
Voltammetric sensor for electrochemical determination of the floral origin of honey based on a zinc oxide nanoparticle modified carbon paste electrode
Authors: Tiwari Kamalika , Tudu Bipan , Bandyopadhyay Rajib , Chatterjee Anutosh , Pramanik Panchanan
Published: April 2018

Abstract. A new methodology based on cyclic voltammetry using a chemically modified
electrode has been developed for the discrimination of the floral origin of
honey. This method involves an electronic tongue with an electrochemical
sensor made from a carbon paste (CPs) electrode where zinc oxide (ZnO)
nanoparticles are used as an electroactive binder material. The bare CPs
electrode is evaluated for comparison. The electrochemical response of the
modified electrode in 50 samples of five different floral types of honey has
been analysed by the cyclic voltammetric technique. The voltammograms of each
floral variety of honey reflect the redox properties of the ZnO nanoparticles
present inside the carbon paste matrix and are strongly influenced by the
nectar source of honey. Thus, each type of honey provides a characteristic
signal which is evaluated by using principal component analysis (PCA) and an
artificial neural network (ANN). The result of a PCA score plot of the
transient responses obtained from the modified carbon paste electrode clearly
shows discrimination among the different floral types of honey. The ANN model
for floral classification of honey shows more than 90 % accuracy. These
results indicate that the ZnO nanoparticles modified carbon paste (ZnO Nps
modified CPs) electrode can be a useful electrode for discrimination of honey
samples from different floral origins.
Factors influencing development of cracking–sliding failures of loess across the eastern Huangtu Plateau of China
Authors: Li Yanrong , Mao Jiarui , Xiang Xiqiong , Mo Ping
Published: April 2018

Abstract. Loess is a porous, weakly cemented, and unsaturated Quaternary
sediment deposited by the wind in arid and semiarid regions. Loess is widely
and thickly distributed in China, making the Huangtu Plateau the largest bulk
accumulation of loess on Earth. However, the fragile geoenvironment in the
loess areas of China causes frequent and various geohazards, such as
cracking–sliding failure (“beng-hua” in Chinese), which is a typical
geohazard that causes the largest number of casualties each year. This study
investigates the main influencing factors and development patterns of
cracking–sliding failure of loess to help prevent its occurrence and reduce
losses effectively. The following conclusions are derived from this study: (1)
cracking–sliding failures mostly take place in rectilinear slopes, convex
slopes, slopes with gradients greater than 60∘, slopes with
heights of 5 to 40 m, and slopes mostly exposed to sunlight with aspects of
180 to 270∘; (2) cracking–sliding failures occur
mostly from 10 pm to 4 am and mainly in the rainy season (July to September)
and in the freeze-thaw season (March to April); and (3) highly intense human
activities in the region correspond to a high possibility of
cracking–sliding failures.
Entre la hagiografía y la historiografía. Un análisis de la figura y la doctrina de shaykh Aḥmad Tijāni
Authors: De Diego González Antonio
Published: April 2018

Este trabajo profundiza en la biografía y la doctrina de shaykh Aḥmad Tijāni (1737-1815). Fundador de la ṭarīqa Tijāniyya y uno de los máximos exponentes del neo sufismo contemporáneo. Autor sin obra directa y conocido solo a través de referencias indirectas, shaykh Tijāni se sumó al movimiento renovador del islam (tajdīd) como alternativa a la influencia otomana. Además, impulsó una renovación de la sharī‘a a través de la gnosis en un contexto milenarista. El artículo analiza el contexto, la biografía, su representación y las principales doctrinas de Aḥmad Tijāni, indagando en diferentes obras hagiográficas-doctrinales como Jawāhir al-ma‘āni o Kāshif al-ḥijāb, ofreciendo un panorama global en castellano de la figura de este importante sufí marroquí.
El retrato literario e histórico de un hombre apodado “el Zorzalito” (al-"Zurayzīr") en "al-rasā’il al-zurzūriyyāt": entre el símbolo y la realidad
Authors: López Bernal Desirée
Published: April 2018

A partir de los textos de las epístolas denominadas zurzūriyyāt, en este artículo se pretende profundizar en las dos caras del personaje en torno al cual se articulan estas originales y singulares composiciones, exclusivas de la literatura andalusí. El retrato literario que de él transmiten tiene mucho que decir sobre la figura histórica de un hombre apodado al-Zurayzīr, que en estas creaciones literarias oscila entre el símbolo y la realidad y que recuerda mucho al héroe de las maqāmāt.
Local scholars in a global work: Andalusi biographical dictionaries in Ḥajjī Khalīfa’s "Kashf al-ẓunūn"
Authors: Vázquez Hernández Virginia
Published: April 2018

Este artículo se centra en el análisis del género literario de las ṭabaqāt como parte de un proyecto que pretende analizar por qué, cómo y cuándo las obras compuestas en el Occidente islámico (al-Andalus y el Magreb, entendido aquí como la región geográfica situada al oeste de Egipto) encontraron un espacio fuera del lugar donde fueron redactadas, creciendo su interés por ellas en otras regiones el mundo islámico. La difusión de obras de este género fuera del área geográfica para la cual habían sido escritas implica la existencia de un interés dentro el mundo académico que las componía. En este artículo analizaré qué diccionarios biográficos andalusíes fueron incluidos en uno de los repertorios bibliográficos más famosos del mundo islámico, Kašf al-ẓunūn, escrito por Kātib Çelebī (m. 1067/1657), con el fin de arrojar luz no solo al caso particular del Occidente islámico, sino también de forma más general a la discusión acerca de las dinámicas locales/globales de transferencia de conocimiento de la época pre-moderna en el mundo islámico.
La ley tunecina sobre financiación pública de las asociaciones: estudio y traducción
Authors: Pérez Beltrán Carmelo
Published: April 2018

Estudio y traducción de la actual ley sobre la financiación pública de las asociaciones en Túnez. En la primera parte se enmarca dicha legislación dentro del conjunto de reformas jurídicas que tienen lugar en Túnez tras el estallido de las revueltas sociales del 2010-2011 para, a continuación, analizar diversos aspectos relacionados con las condiciones y tipos de financiación pública, los procedimientos de concesión, el seguimiento y control con el fin de asegurar la correcta utilización del dinero público, etc. En la segunda parte del artículo se propone una traducción al español de esta ley a partir de la versión árabe que aparece en el Boletín Oficial de la República Tunecina.
Palacios de cristal, patios interiores, árboles devocionales: simbología y espacios compartidos entre el sufismo andalusí y la mística del Carmelo
Authors: Conde Solares Carlos
Published: April 2018

Este trabajo se ocupa de los espacios simbólicos de intersección entre el sufismo, el šādilismo y el canon místico cristiano en la península ibérica. El artículo analiza equivalencias espirituales y conceptos devocionales en un marco cronológico medieval y aureosecular, con el fin de establecer relaciones de causalidad, diálogo, debate, influencia y colaboración en un corpus que abarca desde el canon sufí oriental hasta las grandes obras de la mística carmelita, pasando por las espiritualidades andalusí y mudéjar. El cotejo de tales materiales demuestra que la espiritualidad hispánica no se puede explicar de manera lineal, ni siquiera cronológica, sino que es mucho más eficaz glosarla de manera circular y conceptual, subrayando la evolución conjunta de unas tradiciones que confluyen en una misma raíz a través de un tronco común.
España y los sefardíes palestinos del siglo XIX
Authors: Sbaihat Ahlam
Published: April 2018

En 1793, España restableció las relaciones diplomáticas con el Imperio Otomano y creó consulados, entre los que destacan los de Palestina. Este estudio pretende llevar a cabo un análisis histórico de las fuentes coetáneas y de las referencias existentes sobre estos consulados para poder valorar la naturaleza de su vínculo con los judeo-españoles palestinos. El resultado indica que, debido a la situación política y económica en España, los peregrinos, los misioneros, los comerciantes españoles y los sefardíes no palestinos de nacionalidad española o protegidos por España fueron los que recibieron el interés político y el interés y la protección diplomáticos de los consulados.
El declive del poder almohade en al-Andalus y la pérdida de Mallorca según la obra "Ta’rīj Mayūrqa" de Ibn ʽAmīra Al-Majzūmī de Alcira (582-658 H/1186-1260 M)
Authors: Roser Nebot Nicolás
Published: April 2018

El libro Ta'rīj Mayūrqa (Crónica de Mallorca), recuperado en 2001 en un manuscrito hallado en Tinduf (Argelia), publicado en Orán y Beirut en 2007 y traducido al catalán en 2008 y al castellano en 2009 por el autor del presente estudio, contiene toda una serie de datos y detalles que confirman que la conquista de Mallorca, al igual que la conquista de otras ciudades y territorios andalusíes, fue resultado, junto a factores externos, de las tensiones internas entre almohades y andalusíes desde la victoria cristiana en la Batalla de las Navas de Tolosa (1212) sobre los almohades. El artículo da a conocer esos datos y detalles aportados por Ibn ῾Amīra al-Majzūmī en su obra citada, Ta'rīj Mayūrqa. sobre el papel decisivo de las luchas intestinas entre los almohades y los andalusíes en la conquista de Mallorca de 1229 por parte de Jaime I de Aragón, así como informaciones sobre la propia redacción de Ta'rīj Mayūrqa.
Los marcadores argumentativos del discurso: estudio comparado entre el árabe y el español
Authors: El Messaoudi Rifi Ismail
Published: April 2018

En esta investigación nos hemos propuesto como objetivo contribuir al estudio comparado entre el árabe y el español de los marcadores del discurso, uno de los mecanismos de cohesión que contribuyen en la creación de la coherencia interna del texto. Es un estudio descriptivo explicativo en que, desde los puntos de vista lingüístico-discursivo y contrastivo, planteamos detectar los puntos de convergencia y de divergencia entre los dos sistemas de los marcadores argumentativos del discurso (los conectores) de la lengua escrita en español y árabe. El procedimiento general del análisis discursivo y contrastivo adoptado consiste en clasificar en categorías los marcadores del discurso objeto de nuestro estudio, identificar las unidades que conforman cada categoría y sus funciones discursivas en árabe y español y finalmente realizar una comparación contrastiva por categorías en el corpus de traducción escogido. Tras presentar las características virtuales de los conectores en la lengua, estudiamos cómo se actualizan en el texto original y cómo se recuperan en el texto meta. Desde la perspectiva textual, se analiza este fenómeno discursivo teniendo en cuenta el contexto de su aparición a nivel textual.
El desarrollo de la epistemología en el "kalām" islámico medieval
Authors: Ibrahim Mohamed Ramadan
Published: April 2018

En este trabajo de investigación vamos a tratar sobre el tema de la epistemología, especialmente en lo referido a la clasificación y definición de las fuentes del conocimiento, entre los teólogos de las escuelas islámicas racionales (mutakallimūn). Estas escuelas aparecieron en la época del comienzo del califato abasí (mitad del s. X. d. C). La definición de qué tipo de conocimiento era válido para la exégesis del texto sagrado se convirtió en uno de los temas más tratados y más polémicos dentro de la teología islámica medieval. Este debate dio lugar a cuestiones filosóficas muy controvertidas, entre las que se encuentran las siguientes: “¿Cómo conocemos la existencia de Dios y su unicidad?” “¿Cuál es el conocimiento que nos permite discernir entre lo verdadero y lo falso y entre lo aceptable y lo reprobable?”. Para abordar este tema voy a tratar sobre los modelos de clasificación y tipos de conocimiento entre los teólogos mutakallimiíes, tanto entre quienes se dedicaban a la filosofía como entre quienes se dedicaban a la jurisprudencia. Dentro de estos grupos me detendré en comentar sus divergencias internas y distintas opiniones en torno a este tema.
An intercultural reading of Charles w. Chesnutt’s the goophered grapevine and of Thomas page’s Marse Chan: racial representation in postbellum southern short stories
Authors: Rees Dilys Karen , Pereira Danilo Neves
Published: April 2018

Este artigo propõe analisar dois contos sobre o Sul dos Estados Unidos pré-guerra civil. O primeiro conto é Marse Chan de Thomas Nelson Page e o outro é The Goophered Grapevine de Charles W. Chesnutt. Para enriquecer a discussão, nós primeiro revisamos a literatura escrita por negros americanos sobre a escravidão durante o período anterior à guerra civil, em particular os trabalhos de Harriet Ann Jacobs e Frederick Douglass, e prosseguimos a articular que o escritor afro-americano Chesnutt é mais capaz de descrever uma narrativa complexa sobre a escravidão no Sul dos Estados Unidos do que o Page. A relevância da nossa análise se baseia em uma postura intercultural que entende não apenas a importância de ler-se literatura interculturalmente, mas que também reconhece que entender outras culturas e literaturas nos ajuda a melhor compreender nós mesmos e as culturas dentro das quais estamos inseridos.
Risk Reporting of the Banking Sector of Bangladesh: A Time Horizon Analysis
Authors: Sarker Niluthpaul , Nahar Shamsun
Published: April 2018

The study focused on the practical scenarios of bank risk disclosures where it is assumed that adequate risk disclosures expand the path of transparency in the marketplace. The reason is that the financial disclosures, including risk items, represent their image of the current and potential investors, and can impact their mentality about investment. The research analyzed the credit risk, market risk and operational risk reporting intensities in their reports. It is noted that the maximum Risk Weighted Assets (RWA) are held for credit risk of the banking system whereas the remaining part of the system utilized by the market risk and operational risk. It is found that the risk for the top five (5) or the top ten (10) banks is extremely high. The concentration symptom of risk is not good as the fewer borrowers occupied the most of the credit.
The Influence of Capital Structure Towards Profitability of Fishery Companies Listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange
Authors: Rochmah Siti , Yuliana Diah , Novandalina Arini
Published: April 2018

This study discuss the effect of capital structure on profitability at fishery companies listed on the BEI (2014-2016.). The research aims to Analyze the influence of capital structure of Debt to Equity Ratio (DER) to Return On Equity ROE) on Fishery Companies listed on the Stock Exchange. The population in this research are three fishery companies with capital structure and Profitability of fishery company listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. Whereas the sample selection method used is Purposive Sampling. Based on the results of data analysis and discussion that has been described then the conclusions in this study are DER Ratio influencing the ROE of Fisheries Companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange period 2014 -2016. The hypothesis that there is a positive influence is rejected. Because the results of research on fishery companies turned out to show negative results.
Informal caregivers who are interested and do make use of information and communication technologies
Authors: Lindqvist Gunilla , Hanson Elizabeth
Published: April 2018

Objective: The aim of the study was to highlight informal caregivers’ interest in using the Information and Communication Technology (ICT)-based ACTION service (Assisting Carers using Telematics Interventions to meet Older People’s Needs) and their ideas for how to further develop and extend the service. The use of ICT is constantly increasing worldwide. Europe has the highest old age dependency ratio, but other parts of the world are also experiencing a dramatic ageing of their population. The demands for care are increasing, and resources are shrinking. One way to support informal caregivers is through ICT.Methods: The study employed a qualitative design. Focus group interviews were carried out with informal caregivers in Sweden. The interviews were analysed using a latent content analysis method.Results: The analysis yielded a major theme, striving to feel confident, with four categories: informal caregivers’ reflections and ideas about ICT; promoting their own health process; increasing their knowledge bank and informal caregivers’ rights; and striving for inclusiveness.Conclusions: The present study highlights the challenges that informal caregivers face in their daily life as well as their resources to devise possible solutions that could improve their situation. To preserve their health, a carer support plan including regular health checks could be helpful. ICT-based support (such as the ACTION service) could act as a way forward for supporting informal caregivers in their striving to feel confident. The study highlighted that ICT-based support has the potential to act as a direct benefit for informal caregivers.
Risk factors for frequent users of the emergency department among adults aged 55 and older
Authors: Hays Deana , Penprase Barbara , Kridli Suha
Published: April 2018

Introduction: Excessive use of the emergency department (ED) is a major source of healthcare expenditure. ED frequent users, have been identified as a major contributing factor to a disporportionate amount of ED visits and costs, making up 20% to 30% of all annual visits. The aim of the study was to identify risk factors that place adults age 55 and older at risk for frequent ED use.Methods: The Transitional Care Model (TCM): Hospital Discharge Screening Criteria for High Risk Older Adults was used to identify risk factors for frequent use of ED services in adults 55 and older.Results and conclusions: A third of the sample (33%) had active behavioral and/or psychiatric issues. A majority of the sample (87%) had two or more hospitalizations within 6 months of a prior ED visit, and seventy-two percent were hospitalized within thirty days of an Emergency Department visit. Almost 70% had at least 1 chronic diagnosis of diabetes (41.5%), heart failure (35.8%), or COPD (28%). Most patients were between ages 70-85 years old and risk factors for ED frequent use included 4 or more coexisting health conditions, 6 or more prescription medications, previous hospital admissions, active behavioral and/or psychiatric issues. Identifying older adults at high risk for ED frequent use may provide earlier interventions and less reliance on ED use for care and treatment of chronic disorders.
Research on Contextual Memorizing of Meaning in Foreign Language Vocabulary
Authors: Xu Linjing , Xiong Qingxia , Qin Yufang
Published: April 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of contexts in the memory of meaning in foreign vocabularies. Thestudy was based on the cognitive processing hierarchy theory of Craik and Lockhart (1972), the memory trace theoryof McClelland and Rumelhart (1986) and the memory trace theory of cognitive psychology. The subjects werenon-English majors freshmen. The contexts used in the study were list, sentence and text. Through timely test anddelay test, it was found that sentence performed better than text, which was different from expectation. After analysisand interview, some problems were found in this study.