bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Knowledge and Practice of ICU Nurses Regarding Enteral Nutrition
Authors: Junaid Muhammad , Saddique Humaira , Tasneem Syed Sidra
Published: May 2024

Background: Enteral nutrition is a critical aspect of care for patients in intensive care units (ICUs) who cannot consume food orally. Understanding the practices and knowledge of ICU nurses regarding enteral nutrition is essential for ensuring effective patient care and outcomes.
Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge and practices of ICU nurses regarding enteral nutrition and identify any gaps that could potentially impact patient care.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, using purposive sampling to recruit 142 ICU nurses. Data were collected over a nine-month period using a validated questionnaire designed to evaluate the nurses' knowledge and practices concerning enteral nutrition. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software version 25, focusing on descriptive and inferential statistics to understand the trends and associations within the data.
Results: The study revealed that 65% of nurses correctly identified pancreatitis as an indication for starting enteral nutrition. However, 73% incorrectly believed that a continuous drip method of enteral feeding does not require a pump. Furthermore, 63% recognized tube dislodgement as a complication, yet 57% either did not know or incorrectly handled protocols for flushing enteral feeding tubes before use. The assessment of nasogastric tube placement every 24 hours was misunderstood by 57% of the participants.
Conclusion: The findings indicate a considerable deficiency in the knowledge and practices of ICU nurses regarding enteral nutrition, with significant implications for patient care. There is a clear need for targeted educational programs and updated protocols to enhance the skills and understanding of nurses in this crucial area.
To Assess Knowledge and Practice among Nurses Regarding Prevention of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection
Authors: Sohail Ruah , Saddique Humaira , Jabeen Rubina
Published: May 2024

Background:Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are a common healthcare-associated infection among patients with indwelling urinary catheters. The role of nursing staff is crucial in preventing these infections through proper knowledge and practices.
Objective:To assess the knowledge and practices among nurses regarding the prevention of catheter-associated urinary tract infections in a tertiary hospital in Lahore, Pakistan.
Methods:This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 164 nurses from various departments, including medical, surgical, and gynecological units. Nurses with more than one year of experience were included, while student nurses and head nurses not directly involved in patient care were excluded. Data were collected through a survey assessing knowledge and practices related to CAUTIs. The sample size was determined using Solvin's formula. Ethical approval was obtained, and participants gave informed consent. The data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 25.0 for descriptive statistics, including frequencies and percentages.
Results:The majority of participants were female (85.4%), and most were aged between 31 and 35 years (50%). About 51.2% of the nurses had 6 to 10 years of experience, and 46.2% had received prior information or training on catheter-related urinary tract infections. The majority of participants (92.8%) knew that CAUTIs result from prolonged catheter use, and 95.7% were aware that aseptic technique with sterile equipment is crucial for catheter insertion. However, only 67.4% used a sterile technique for insertion, and 79.3% did not perform daily catheter care. The overall knowledge level was low for 29.3% of participants, moderate for 43.5%, and high for 16.3%, while the practice level was poor for 52.2% and good for 37%.
Conclusion:Nurses demonstrated moderate knowledge but poor practices in preventing catheter-related urinary tract infections, indicating the need for targeted interventions and educational programs to bridge the gap and enhance patient care.
Self-Esteem, Social Appearance Anxiety and Quality of Life among Adolescents with Acne
Authors: Shakir Wajeeha , Tariq Mahnoor , Khalid Farheen , Sahar
Published: May 2024

Background: Acne is a common dermatological condition affecting adolescents, often leading to psychological issues such as low self-esteem and social appearance anxiety. Understanding the impact of acne on quality of life during adolescence is crucial for developing effective interventions.
Objective: To explore the relationship between acne, self-esteem, social appearance anxiety, and quality of life among adolescents, and to identify gender differences and significant predictors of quality of life in this population.
Methods: This cross-sectional study employed purposive sampling to recruit 327 adolescents aged 12-19 years from various educational institutions in Islamabad and Rawalpindi. Participants completed the Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI), Social Appearance Anxiety Scale (SAAS), Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and Teenager's Quality of Life Index (T-QoL). Informed consent was obtained directly from participants aged 18 and older, and from guardians for those younger than 18. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, employing Pearson's correlation, t-tests, and linear regression to assess relationships and predictors. Reliability of the scales was confirmed, and psychometric properties were evaluated.
Results: Significant correlations were found between acne and social appearance anxiety (r = 0.523, p < 0.01), acne and self-esteem (r = -0.320, p < 0.01), and acne and quality of life (r = 0.566, p < 0.01). Females reported higher self-esteem (M = 27.46, SD = 4.59) compared to males (M = 26.33, SD = 3.50, t(325) = -2.52, p = 0.01). Social appearance anxiety was the most significant predictor of quality of life (β = 0.61, p < 0.01), followed by self-esteem (β = -0.12, p = 0.01).
Conclusion: Acne significantly impacts adolescents' psychological well-being, particularly through increased social appearance anxiety and reduced self-esteem. Gender differences highlight the need for tailored interventions. Addressing social appearance anxiety can improve the quality of life for adolescents with acne.
Vitamin B12 Deficiency among Cases of Helicobacter Pylori Gastritis: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Ali Umar Azam , Abbasi Waleed , Huda Noor Ul
Published: May 2024

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram-negative bacterium associated with various gastrointestinal diseases, including peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancer, and vitamin B12 deficiency. Recent research has highlighted a potential link between chronic H. pylori infection and significant malabsorption of vitamin B12, particularly in populations with high prevalence rates of infection.
Objective: This study aims to investigate the frequency of vitamin B12 deficiency among patients with H. pylori gastritis and to explore the association between H. pylori infection and vitamin B12 levels.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2023 to March 2024 at the Department of Medicine, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad. A total of 120 patients presenting with symptoms of gastritis were enrolled after obtaining ethical approval from the hospital’s review board. Exclusion criteria included patients already on vitamin B12 supplementation. Diagnostic testing for H. pylori was performed using stool antigen tests, and vitamin B12 levels were assessed through serum measurements. Data analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics version 23, with the Chi Square test applied to examine the association between H. pylori infection and vitamin B12 deficiency, setting the level of significance at p ≤ 0.05.
Results: Out of the 120 patients studied, 49 (40.8%) tested positive for H. pylori. Vitamin B12 deficiency was observed in 35 (29.2%) patients. Among those infected with H. pylori, 51.0% (25 patients) also had vitamin B12 deficiency, compared to 14.1% (10 patients) among those not infected (p = 0.0001).
Conclusion: The findings indicate a significant association between H. pylori infection and vitamin B12 deficiency. This study suggests that H. pylori is a potential risk factor for vitamin B12 deficiency, underscoring the need for screening and appropriate management of H. pylori in patients presenting with vitamin B12 deficiency.
Influence of Fasting on Emergency Visits to A Tertiary Care Hospital by Fasting Diabetic Patients in Ramadan
Authors: Khan Mohammad Yaqoob , Khan Salman , Ali Sadaqat , Sauda Usmani  , Wazir Noman Ullah , Ali Muhammad Haider
Published: May 2024

Background: Ramadan, a month of fasting for Muslims, significantly alters daily routines and dietary habits. Understanding how such changes affect diabetic patients, particularly in terms of emergency hospital visits, is crucial for effective healthcare planning and patient safety.
Objective: To evaluate the impact of Ramadan fasting on the frequency of emergency room visits by diabetic patients.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 200 diabetic patients visiting a tertiary care hospital's ER were monitored over three months: the month before Ramadan, during Ramadan, and the subsequent month. We assessed the frequency and trend of diabetic emergencies among these patients.
Results: The participants had a mean age of 45.85±9.19 years, with males comprising 52.5% (105) and females 47.5% (95). Overall, diabetic emergencies accounted for 26% of visits, with 59.6% (31) occurring a month before Ramadan, 23.1% (12) during Ramadan, and 17.3% (9) post-Ramadan, showing a downward trend.
Conclusion: Ramadan fasting does not adversely affect diabetic patients, showing no increase in the frequency of emergency visits due to diabetic emergencies, irrespective of diabetes type. This indicates that with proper management, fasting is safe for diabetic patients during Ramadan.
Hubungan Self Efficacy Dengan Kualitas Hidup Pasien Gagal Ginjal Kronik Di Unit Dialisis Rumah Sakit Setukpa Lemdikpol Kota Sukabumi
Authors: HShafa aryadin Monica , Waluya Ady
Published: May 2024

Gagal ginjal kronik menjadi masalah kesehatan yang bersifat global yang terus meningkat. Self efficacy berperan dalam inisiasi pemeliharaan perilaku kesehatan, sehingga diyakini dapat menghasilkan perbaikan kesehatan untuk kualitas hidup. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan self efficacy dengan kualitas hidup pasien gagal ginjal kronik di Unit Dialisis Rumah Sakit Setukpa Lemdikpol Kota Sukabumi. Gagal ginjal kronik merupakan masalah yang terjadi pada fungsi ginjal, bersifat progresif serta irreversible. Self efficacy adalah penilaian seseorang tentang kemampuannya sendiri untuk menjalankan perilaku tertentu atau mencapai tujuan tertentu. Kualitas hidup merupakan persepsi yang dimiliki individu terhadap kehidupan yang dimilikinya. Jenis penelitian korelasional dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional. Populasi dan sampel sebanyak 24 orang, menggunakan teknik total sampling. Teknik pengambilan data menggunakan kuisioner dan analisis statistik regresi linier sederhana. Hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai rata-rata variabel self efficacy sebesar 70,91 atau tergolong sedang dan nilai rata-rata variabel kualitas hidup sebesar 54,89 atau tergolong kurang. Hasil uji bivariat didapatkan p-value sebesar 0,003 berarti terdapat hubungan dengan model persamaan Y = 11,017 + 0,619 X + ε. Kesimpulan menunjukkan terdapat hubungan self efficacy dengan kualitas hidup. Maka disarankan bagi rumah sakit dapat meningkatkan mutu pelayanan serta promosi kesehatan dalam meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien gagal ginjal kronik terutama dalam peningkatan self efficacy.
Kata Kunci    : Gagal Ginjal Kronik, Kualitas Hidup, Self Efficacy
Hubungan Pola Makan Dengan Kejadian Dispepsia Pada Pasien Dewasa di Ruang Rawat Inap Alamanda Rumah Sakit Bhakti Medicare Kabupaten Sukabumi
Authors: Putri Anindia Frilia
Published: May 2024

Dispepsia yaitu keluhan nyeri atau rasa tidak nyaman pada perut bagian atas. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kejadian dispepsia yaitu pola makan. Pola makan yang tidak teratur menyebabkan produksi asam lambung terkontrol sehingga memperburuk lapisan mukosa lambung hingga menyebabkan ulkus peptikum, lalu timbul rasa perih di daerah ulu hati/epigastrium. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pola makan dengan kejadian dyspepsia pada pasien Dewasa di Ruang Rawat Inap Alamanda Rumah Sakit Bhakti Medicare Kabupaten Sukabumi. Desain penelitian ini yaitu korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel sebanyak 100 orang, menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner. Analisa data dilakukan dengan melihat gambaran karakteristik responden, analisa univariate dan analisa bivariat menggunakan chi square. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sebagian besar responden memiliki pola makan yang tidak teratur sebanyak 94 orang (94,0%) dan sebagian besar mengalami dyspepsia sebanyak 93 orang (93,0%). Hasil uji bivariat didapatkan p-value sebesar 0,000 menunjukan terdapat hubungan pola makan dengan dyspepsia. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini terdapat hubungan pola makan dengan kejadian dyspepsia. Diharapkan hasil penelitian ini dapat memberikan informasi dan sebagai bahan pertimbangan dalam menurunkan angka kesakitan pada pasien dyspepsia melalui pemberian edukasi terkait pola makan dan dyspepsia.
Hubungan Pengetahuan Pasien Penderita Diabetes Melitus Dengan Pemanfaatan Program Pengelolaan Penyakit Kronis (Prolanis) di Desa Bantarsari Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Pabuaran Kabupaten Sukabumi
Authors: . Hariadi
Published: May 2024

Indonesia menjadi negara dengan jumlah penderita diabetes mellitus (DM) tertinggi keempat di dunia. Sejauh ini pemerintah telah mengambil berbagai langkah untuk mengurangi peningkatan jumlah penderita DM dengan Program Pengobatan Penyakit Kronis (Prolanis). Prolanis memberikan layanan kesehatan kepada peserta BPJS Kesehatan yang menderita penyakit DM. Selama kegiatan Prolanis, peserta mendapatkan konsultasi gratis dengan dokter. Namun saat ini masih rendahnya kunjungan peserta program Prolanis salah satunya dikarenakan faktor pengetahuan yang kurang. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan pengetahuan pasien penderita diabetes melitus dengan pemanfaatan program pengelolaan penyakit kronis (PROLANIS). Jenis penelitian korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah seluruh penderita DM Tipe II yang tercatat dan menjadi Peserta BPJS Kesehatan dengan sampel sebanyak 48 orang, menggunakan teknik pengambilan secara total sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah kuisioner. Analisis statistic menggunakan analisis alternatif fisher excact. Hasil penelitian didapatkan sebagian besar pengetahuan kurang sebanyak 31 orang (64,6%), dan tidak memanfaatan Prolanis sebanyak 41 orang (85,4%). Terdapat hubungan pengetahuan pasien penderita DM dengan pemanfaatan program Prolanis dengan p-value 0,000. Simpulan menunjukkan terdapat hubungan pengetahuan pasien penderita diabetes melitus dengan pemanfaatan program pengelolaan penyakit kronis (PROLANIS) di Desa Bantarsari wilayah kerja Puskesmas Pabuaran Kabupaten Sukabumi. Diharapkan Puskesmas Pabuaran dapat meningkatkan kegiatan penyuluhan secara langsung maupun melalui media sosial sehingga masyarakat tahu bahwa kegiatan prolanis di puskesmas memiliki banyak manfaat dan sangat penting untuk pencegahan komplikasi DM.
Hubungan Self Efficacy Dengan Kepatuhan Minum Obat Pada Pasien Hipertensi di Kelurahan Cisarua Wilayah Kerja UPTD Puskesmas Sukabumi Kota Sukabumi
Authors: . Susilawati , . Widiawati
Published: May 2024

Prevalensi hipertensi terus meningkat, penyakit ini dipengaruhi kepatuhan minum obat salah satunya self efficacy. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan self efficacy dengan kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien hipertensi di Kelurahan Cisarua. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian korelasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 209 responden menggunakan proporsional random sampling. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji koefisien kontingensi Hasil penelitian didapatkan P-value 0,000 dan keeratan Q = 0,94 yang berarti H0 ditolak, sehingga ada hubungan self efficacy dengan kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien hipertensi dengan keeratan tergolong sangat erat. Penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan self efficacy dengan kepatuhan minum obat pasien hipertensi. Diharapkan pihak UPTD Puskesmas Sukabumi dapat meningkatkan Pendidikan kesehatan yang terstruktur mengenai pentingnya self efficacy dan cara peningkatan kepatuhan minum obat
HEPATITIS B VACCINATION IS NOT COMMON AMONG HEPATITIS C INFECTED PATIENTS.
Authors: Wasifa Aijaz  , Syed Zafar Abbas
Published: May 2024

Background and Aims:Co-infection of Hepatitis BVirus (HBV) in patients with Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infected patients worsens theprognosis. All major guidelines recommend HBV vaccination to all HCV infected patients. We attempted to determine the rate of HBV vaccination in this patient population in our region.Subjects and Methods: Prospective survey of HCV infected patients attending our Hepatology clinics.Results: 100 consecutive patients (58 males) attending Hepatology clinic of MMCH were interviewed. Averageage of these patients was 40 years (range 18 – 65 years). Major source of infection was reused disposable syringes (69 patients). Remaining 31 did not know about the likely source of infection. Twenty had a householdmember infected with HCV. Twenty were co-infected with HBV. Of all patients interviewed, 85 did not have vaccination against HBV. Of these 85 patients, 25 (29%) did not have the vaccination because of financial reasons,and 45 (52%) had no awareness about it.Conclusion: Majority (69%) of HCV infected patients thought they contracted infection through reuse of disposable syringes. A large number (85%) were not vaccinated against HBV, of which 52% had no awareness of it,whereas 29% said they could not financially afford it.
PERCEPTIONS AND VIEWS OF MEDICAL STUDENTS ABOUT RESEARCH AND RELATED ISSUES.
Authors: Prof. Syed Imran Mehmood
Published: May 2024

Background: There are decreasing numbers of physician-scientists at the global level. A review of the literaturereveals a lack of interest in research when examining the perceptions of and attitudes towards research amongmedical students. The present study aims to explore these perceptions and attitudes to identify factors that couldencourage students to choose research careers.Aims: To understand (1) the perceptions and attitudes among undergraduate (UG) medical students regardingresearch and (2) the factors contributing to a willingness to take up research as a career.Methods: This is a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study, conducted in the College of Medicine of KingKhalid University among 590 undergraduate students. A questionnaire examining student perceptions and attitudes regarding medical research was used. SPSS software version 16 was used to analyse the results. Variousstatistical tests – Chi-square test, t-test, odds ratio – were used to analyse the data with a significance level of0.05.Results: The questionnaire had a response rate of 93% (550 of 590 students returned the questionnaire).Around half of the students felt that research in the field of medicine is important, while only a minority felt thatresearch would be their future career. The greatest barriers to involvement in research in medical school appearto be time, the availability of research mentors and training in research methodology. Furthermore, students consider research as an activity with low status and financial benefits.Conclusion: Although medical students feel that research should be part of medical education, they are neitherinspired nor enthusiastic about choosing research as a career. Aside from there being insufficient time in the programme allocated to science education, the lack of sufficient staff members able to act as role models for students could play an important role.
Сопряженная задача для оптимального размещения промышленных объектов производства
Authors: Равшанов Нормахмад , Набиева Ирода , Каршиев Дилшод
Published: May 2024

Связанная сопряженная задача заключается в том, чтобы обеспечить оптимальное размещение промышленных объектов по всему региону с учетом глобальных и локальных санитарных норм. Основными параметрами распространения вредных веществ являются эрозия почвы, физические и механические свойства выброшенных загрязнителей из промышленных объектов и климатические условия региона в целом. При решении задач, связанных с санитарно-гигиеническими нормами, оптимальное размещение промышленных объектов может быть реализовано путем интеграции сопряженных задач, преимущество которых заключается в экономии вычислительного ресурса и времени расчетов. Для решения этой задачи был разработан консервативный математический алгоритм высокого уровня точности по временным и пространственным переменным.
Et semper habitatio imperatorum est – Notes on the imperial residences in Pannonia in the Late Roman period
Authors: Kovács Péter
Published: May 2024

In seinem Beitrag untersucht der Autor die Angaben der schriftlichen Quellen über Pannonien, insbesondere über die Stadt Sirmium, unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des pannonischen Abschnittes der Expositio totius mundi und eines der Briefe von Papst Gelasius, nach denen die Stadt als kaiserliche Residenz angesehen werden kann. In diesem Zusammenhang recherchiert der Verfasser alle spätkaiserzeitlichen Nachrichten über den Aufenthalt der Kaiser in Pannonien und kommt dabei zu dem Schluss, dass es in Pannonien außer in Sirmium keinen weiteren kaiserlichen Palast gab.
Barbarisierte Römer – Romanisierte Barbaren? Interpretationsmöglichkeiten der fremden Komponente am Beispiel des Gräberfeldes von Somogyszil
Authors: Horváth Friderika , Miháczi-Pálfi Anett , Évinger Sándor , Bernert Zsolt
Published: May 2024

The Somogyszil cemetery became known in 1964, when a local resident reported the finds. The site was excavated by Balázs Draveczky, who uncovered 148 late Roman burials until 1968. The cemetery was fully published by Alice Sz. Burger in 1979. We began the critical re-assessment of the cemetery and its finds in 2015 as part of a research project “Power and culture in the Carpathian Basin in the early Middle Ages” involving in part a fresh look at the late Roman cemeteries in southern Pannonia. Our research agenda focuses on the spatial organisation of the burial grounds used by the province’s rural population as well as on burial customs (funerary rites, grave and burial types), chronology and the mapping of local and non-local tendencies. During the critical re-assessment of the cemetery, we found that the establishment and use of this late Roman burial ground could be linked to a heterogeneous community.
Form- und herstellungstechnische Analyse der Bügelfibeln von Balatonszemes aus dem dritten Viertel des 5. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Miháczi-Pálfi Anett
Published: May 2024

Aside from the archaeometric examinations, analyses and interpretations by Eszter Horváth, there was barely any targeted research of this type for this era and region in Hungarian research on the Migration period, this being the reason that I decided to undertake the non-destructive testing of fifth-century jewellery and dress accessories in archaeological collections in order to study the techniques and surface traces of production, decoration, repair and wear. In this paper, I discuss the manufacturing technique of the cast silver-gilt bow brooches from Balatonszemes-Szemesi-berek, based on their front and back view images, as well as on micrographs of the headplate, the bow and footplate with chip-carved ornamentation (cross-hatching), the ribbed knobs or bow, the figure-of-eight-shaped punch marks and the niello. In addition to the microscopic analyses and the detailed descriptions of the finds, the regional and, to some extent, the chronological connections of the objects and their manufacturing techniques are also covered. A study of the minor details of alloy products can offer clues as to the circle of workshops and to distant analogies.
Transformation of burial space in the cities of Northern Illyricum during the Late Antiquity
Authors: Ivanišević Vujadin , Bugarski Ivan
Published: May 2024

Das nördliche Illyricum mit seinem langen Donaulimes und Grenzstädten war von den Einfällen und Ansiedlungen der Westgoten und Ostrogothen sowie den Wanderungen der Alanen und Hunnen stark betroffen. Diese Einflüsse gipfelten in den hunnischen Einfällen der Jahre 441 und 443. Die Standorte der spätrömischen Nekropolen in den ehemaligen Wohngebieten weisen auf das Schrumpfen großer Stadtkerne im 4. Jahrhundert hin, was auch durch den Rückgang der städtischen Bevölkerung in den großen Städten entlang der nördlichen Grenze des Imperiums veranschaulicht wird. Nach den Beweisen von Sirmium, Singidunum, Margum, Viminacium und Naissus im Inneren des Balkans war die Besiedlung der Barbaren nicht überall von gleicher Dauer und Intensität. Besonders in Singidunum und Viminacium, teilweise auch in Sirmium kann man die materielle Nachlassenschaft der donauländischen germanischen Stämme (Goten, Gepiden, Sueben usw.) aus dem 5. – besonders der zweiten Hälfte – und 6. Jahrhundert studieren. Die Gräber aus dem 6. Jahrhundert enthielten Analogien aus westlichem und nordgermanischem Milieu. Obwohl wir über die frühbyzantinische Bautätigkeit in und um Viminacium oder Singidunum nicht viel wissen und andere archäologische Spuren nicht aussagekräftig sind, weisen die Bestattungssitten und Funde von römischer Provenienz darauf hin, dass man die Einwohner, die die Neuankömmlinge in den Städten angetroffen haben, nicht außer Acht lassen darf. Die grundlegende und gleichzeitig am schwierigsten zu beantwortende Frage ist, inwieweit ihre Ansiedlung die ethnische Zusammensetzung der Städte im nördlichen Illyricum verändert haben kann. Die Untersuchung der Lage der Friedhöfe, der Bestattungssitten und der materiellen Kultur bietet einen grundlegenden Einblick in die turbulenten Veränderungen im Leben der einst großen städtischen Zentren, die bald aufgegeben und dem Zerfall überlassen werden sollten.
Keszthely-Fenékpuszta in der Spätantike: Ein Vorbericht über die deutsch-ungarischen Ausgrabungen zwischen 2009 und 2017
Authors: Heinrich-Tamáska Orsolya , Prien Roland
Published: May 2024

Located on the western shore of Lake Balaton, the site of Keszthely-Fenékpuszta has been in the focus of archaeological research for over 150 years. It provides a unique possibility to study transformation processes in Pannonia during Late Antiquity. While scholarly attention was principally directed at the cemeteries of the so-called Keszthely culture, recent excavations carried out by a German–Hungarian research team focused on the inner buildings of the late antique castrum. Larger public baths and a neighbouring aula, both built in the fourth century and remaining in use until the fifth century, were uncovered in the south-western part of the fortress. North of these structures lies a large building complex with at least three building phases. The first phase is characterised by a layout resembling late Roman peristyle villas, while the second displays an austere architectural design suggesting an administrative building. The third building phase consists of numerous heavy pillars that may have been part of a large representative building. The three phases together span the period between the early fourth and the seventh century, and bear witness to a settlement continuity throughout the entire late antique period.
Romani et Barbari in der Keszthely-Kultur
Authors: Müller Róbert
Published: May 2024

In the light of new, well-documented excavations, the Keszthely culture can be divided into two distinct phases. The first phase flourished in the last third of the sixth century and the earlier seventh century, and its centre can be located to the Fenékpuszta fort. The grave goods suggest that in addition to a surviving late antique population, we can reckon with the presence of Balkanic and north Italian population groups who fled to the Avars in the face of the Slavic advance as well as with smaller Germanic groups who had joined the Avars in the hope of booty. The burial rites and the continued use of the Early Christian basilica at Fenékpuszta suggest that this population was Christian. The Fenékpuszta fort was destroyed around 630 and it remained unoccupied for some two decades. The elite disappeared. New cemeteries were opened around the mid-seventh century. The westward expansion of the Avar Khaganate led to the isolation of the population of the late Keszthely culture. In addition to typical late Avar material, the finds of this population include jewellery items and various costume accessories that are only known from the Keszthely area. Both phases warrant the use of the label “culture”. The first settlement of the culture’s late phase was investigated at Hévízdomb, where both sunken and above-ground timber-framed houses were excavated.
Settlements of the Avar Khaganate
Authors: Herold Hajnalka
Published: May 2024

Dieser Beitrag präsentiert eine kritische Zusammenfassung der Forschungssituation zur Siedlungsarchäologie des Awarischen Khaganats. Die relevanten Fundstellen befinden sich im Karpatenbecken (das heutige Ungarn und angrenzende Gebiete) und können in das 7. bis 9. Jahrhundert datiert werden. Es sind mehr als 600 Siedlungsstellen bekannt, die meisten von ihnen kennen wir allerdings nur durch Geländebegehungen, Ausgrabungen wurden nur an wenigen Fundorten durchgeführt. Viele der bekannten awarenzeitlichen Siedlungen liegen an oder in der Nähe von römischen Fundstellen. Die Verbindungen zwischen Siedlungen dieser beiden Perioden stellen daher einen wichtigen Aspekt in der Erforschung awarenzeitlicher Siedlungen dar. Um awarenzeitliche Siedlungen auf mehreren Ebenen zu betrachten, besteht dieser Aufsatz aus drei Teilen: Siedlungsobjekte, Siedlungsstrukturen und Siedlungsmodelle.
Materialanalyse der Pseudoschnallen aus Dunapentele
Authors: Hartmann Sonngard
Published: May 2024

The material analyses were undertaken on some pseudo-buckle fragments, which were acquired from Dunapentele (Dunaújváros), Hungary, during World War 1 and are now housed in the RGZM. The measurements concentrated on the identification of the “plaster-like” filling on the reverse as well as on the composition of the silver sheet. The measurements were undertaken by the μ-XRF method in an atmospheric environment as well as under vacuum. Because of the high rate of corrosion of the silver sheets, the original material composition could not be identified. The “plaster-like” filling consisted mainly of lead.
Mortuary display, associated artefacts, and the resurrection of the body in early Christian thought: Some considerations for archaeologist
Authors: Bollók Ádám
Published: May 2024

Im Mittelpunkt des vorliegenden Beitrags steht die Untersuchung möglicher Zusammenhänge zwischen den spätantiken christlichen Bestattungen und der Lehre der christlichen Kirche über den Tod und das Schicksal von Leib und Seele zwischen Tod und Auferstehung. Der Beitrag fokussiert in erster Linie darauf, ob und wie das Vorkommen von sog. „Beigaben“ in spätantiken Gräbern mit den zeitgenössischen Vorstellungen über die Seele und die Auferstehung des Leibes zu vereinbaren ist. Anhand von einigen ausgewählten Textstellen spätantiker christlicher Autoren kann die These formuliert werden, dass die Hauptgründe für wiederholte Beanstandungen der Kirchenväter gegen aufwendige Bestattungen wie z. B. die Errichtung von prächtigen Gräbern oder die Verwendung kostbarer Totenkleidung nicht in der theologischen Auferstehungslehre, sondern vielmehr in einer Auflehnung gegen die starke soziale Ungleichheit der damaligen Zeit liegen.
‚Christianisierung‘ im archäologischen Vergleich: Merowinger- und Mährerreich
Authors: Brather Sebastian
Published: May 2024

The comparison of two politically and culturally distinct regions promises interesting insights into the process of Christianisation and its successive phases, and can contribute new aspects to the long-standing debate over this issue. A comparison of this type calls for an approach that views the entire process holistically – from the first contact with Christianity to the emergence of congregations and the establishment of parishes. The grave goods deposited in the burials of the row-grave cemeteries of the Merovingian Kingdom do not directly allude to pagan beliefs, but rather express social rank and status. If the articles in question were simultaneously intended for use in the otherworld, they would not be unusual in Christian milieus either. The Moravian Kingdom fits into the overall picture: the grave goods from the burials in churchyards have Christian and not “syncretistic” connotations. In some cases, the proportion of child burials is strikingly high in the Slavic lands of East Central Europe, which was formerly regarded as a regional, rather than a general phenomenon. Interestingly enough, the highest number of grave goods were found in girls’ burials of infans II age, while in the West, only adults were accorded the full range of grave goods. The differences between “western” and “eastern” Christianity can principally be traced to political conditions.
Methodological approaches to the archaeology on ninth–tenth-century sites in Hungary. The current state of research
Authors: Merva Szabina
Published: May 2024

Im Mittelpunkt des Beitrags steht eine Überprüfung des Konzepts des 9. und 10. Jahrhunderts in der archäologischen Forschung von Ungarn. Es wird die theoretische „Umgangsperiode“ aus der Perspektive der Archäologie des 10. Jahrhunderts unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Keramik- und Siedlungsforschung behandelt. Das Thema deckt die Chronologie des Zeitraums und die Interpretation der archäologischen Zeugnisse aus verschiedenen Forschungsansätzen ab und weist auf die aktuellen, den typ ischen Datierungsverfahren zugrunde liegenden Überlegungen hin. Die Studie befasst sich zudem mit der Frage der kulturellen Kontinuität und Adaptation in der Töpferkunst und schließlich mit den aktuellen wissenschaftlichen Datierungsmethoden der behandelten Funde.
Chronology and periodisation of imports of Carolingian military equipment in the Carpathian Basin between the eighth and the tenth centuries
Authors: Robak Zbigniew
Published: May 2024

In diesem Beitrag soll eine vorgeschlagene Periodisierung der karolingischen Importe (ca. 750–910) in bestimmten Regionen Mittel- und Südeuropas mit besonderer Berücksichtigung vom Karpatenbecken behandelt werde. Die Annahme beruht darauf, dass die Mode, Tracht und Waffen der West- und Südwestslawen (insbesondere bei den seit dem Ende des 8. Jahrhunderts unter dem karolingischen Einfluss lebenden Gruppen des Karpatenbeckens) ähnlichen Veränderungen unterworfen waren wie im karolingischen Reich. Das Hauptproblem ist, die genauen Anfänge dieses Prozesses als Grundlage für eine weitere Synchronisation festzustellen. Anhand der typologischen und chronologischen Analyse der karolingischen Importe aus dem behandelten Raum konnten vier Phasen mit territorialer Dimension abgetrennt werden. Der Vergleich der karolingischen Fundhorizonte mit den historischen Ereignissen führte zu einigen interessanten Ergebnissen. Dies erlaubt, bestimmte Phänomene in der materiellen Hinterlassenschaft dieser Gebiete mit den politischen und militärischen Aktionen der Franken in Mitteleuropa in der karolingischen Epoche aufeinander abzustimmen.
Zwei Kirchen aus dem 9. Jahrhundert in Lobor und ihr Inventar
Authors: Filipec Krešimir
Published: May 2024

With its church dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary, the settlement of Lobor was one of the most important ecclesiastic and political centres of Pannonia between the ninth and eleventh centuries. An early Christian church was erected in the later fifth or early sixth century in the hilltop settlement. The pre-Romanesque (ninth century), Romanesque (twelfth–thirteenth centuries) and the Gothic church (fourteenth–fifteenth centuries) that was finally rebuilt in the Baroque style was built over this early church. The excavations in the area brought to light numerous earlier carved stone relics originating from the interior of the pre-Romanesque church that had been incorporated into the later church’s walls. The fragments do not all date from the same period: the stylistic traits indicate that pre-Romanesque and early Romanesque remains are both represented, although it is possible that the differences can be attributed to the re-use and re-carving of the abundant marble fragments by the masons working on the church.
How long indeed was the ninth century AD in the Carpathian Basin and the adjacent territories? Consclusions of a conference
Authors: Takács Miklós Takács
Published: May 2024

Dieser kurze Beitrag fasst die Hauptthemen der Konferenz How long was the ninth century AD in the Carpathian Basin? New Data – New Approaches zusammen. Die Konferenz wurde vom Archäologischen Institut, Forschungszentrums für Humanwissenschaften der Ungarischen Akademie der Wissenschaften organisiert und fand am 8.–9. Dezember 2015 im Jakobiner-Saal statt.
Dermatological Manifestations of COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Khondker Lubna , Islam Khan Md Shirajul , Sayem Ahamed Abu Reza
Published: May 2024

Background: COVID-19 is a highly contagious respiratory tract infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2), was first identified in China, in December 2019. Almost 10% of the patients develop dermatological manifestations before the onset of respiratory illness, with cutaneous signs that can appear from before to several days after the diagnosis of COVID-19. We believe that the dermatologist can play an important role through early recognition of skin lesions suggestive of COVID-19, particularly in asymptomatic infections where this recognition could direct toward an early diagnosis of infection that certainly leads to a better prognosis. Objective: To explore the pattern of dermatological manifestations among COVID-19 Bangladeshi patients. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out May 2020 to October 2021 with COVID 19 positive hospital admitted patients. Data were collected through a group of Dermatologists who were serving at COVID dedicated Hospitals. Dermatologists, who were working in different medical college hospital and health complexes, were attached with the study as research associate. Results: Among the muco-cutaneous findings, maculo-papular eruption 52(53.6%) was the most common, followed by chilblain like eruption 40(41.2%), petechiae or purpura 16 (16.5%), urticarial lesions 13(13.4%), vesicular lesion 10(10.3%), Bilateral conjunctivitis with clear/mucoid discharge 10 (10.3%), aphthous stomatitis 13 (13.4%), Alopecia 16(16.5%), Darkening of the face 13 (13.4%), Eczematoid reaction 13 (13.4%), livedo reticularis like eruption 5(5.2%) etc. Conclusion: The major dermatological patterns of COVID-19 can be classified as inflammatory reactions (maculopapular, urticarial and vesicular rashes), or lesions of vascular origin (chilblain like rashes, petechiae/purpura, and livedo reticularis like pattern).
Role of Dutasteride in the Treatment of Androgenetic Alopecia
Authors: Khondker Lubna , Swapan Dash Pranam
Published: May 2024

This study evaluates the role of dutasteride in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia. A prospective, open-labeled interventional study conducted at the Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka from April 2023 to March 2024. Men with Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) who did not show significant improvement when treated with finasteride at a dose of 1 mg/d for at least six months were enrolled. Ninety patients were recruited after taking informed consent. Patients were treated with dutasteride at a dose of 0.5 mg daily for 24 weeks. Clinical assessment was performed by dermatologists and subjective evaluation of overall assessment was done based onchanges in the size of the vertex spot, hair loss on top of the scalp, bitemporal recession, the amount of hair shedding and hair quality on a 3-point rating scale (increased, no change, or decreased). The mean age of study patients was 36.3±12 years and majority of the patients 30(33.3%) belonged to the age group 41- 50 years with followed by 27(30.0%) in the age group 31-40 years. Regarding subjective evaluation of overall assessment, in case of change in size of vertex spot, majority 77(85.6%) showed decreased, in case of hair loss from top of scalp, majority 83(92.2%) reported decreased, in case of bitemporal recession, majority 82(91.1%) showedno change, in case of hair shedding, majority 87(96.7%) showed decreased and in case of hair quality, 85(94.4%) reported increased and no patient reported of decreased. Regarding clinical assessment of investigator that majority of the patients 40(44.5%) was moderately improved (+2), followed by 30(33.3%) was greatly improved (score of +3), 18(20.0%) was slightly improved (+1) and only 2(2.2%) was unchanged (0). Among the ninety patients of androgenetic alopecia, 3(3.3%) showed decreased libido and 2(2.2%) showed erectile dysfunction. The study concluded that dutasteride is effective and safe in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia. This study will provide the therapeutic basis for dutasteride as an alternative treatment option for patients with AGA recalcitrant to finasteride over six months. Therefore, dutasteride will become a treatment of choice for androgenetic alopecia (AGA) in near future.
An Observational Study on Perception of Efficacy of Crop Insurance among the Farmers of a Community Development Block in the State of West Bengal
Authors: Saha Sumita
Published: May 2024

Crop insurance is a formal mechanism of risk management to farmers exposed to a similar type of risk in agricultural production. It is a means to protect the cultivators against financial loss on account of anticipated crop loss which might arise out of uncontrollable natural calamities such as natural fire, weather, floods, pests, diseases etc. In West Bengal, various crop insurance schemes have been implemented so far. The common aim of the schemes is to provide financial support to farmers in the event of crop failure and stabilize farm production and income of the farming community. This is the motivation behind the study. The study has been conducted among farmers of Hooghly district in West Bengal to understand their perception of efficacy of crop insurance schemes. Respondents include both insured and non-insured farmers. The mean age of the farmers with crop insurance was 43.18±16.13 years and the mean age of the ones without crop insurance was 44.22±18.07 years respectively (p=0.62). All respondents were males with full ownership of farms. The mean size of the farms was 5.95±3.28 bigha. A total number of 60 farmers were selected randomly out of which 30 farmers were with crop insurance and rest 30 were without crop insurance. Among the risk management strategies adopted for the destruction of crops, sale/ mortgage of land, sale of livestock and government relief were higher among non-insured farmers as compared to insured farmers (p>0.05).
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) as Tool by Agricultural Extension Agents in Osun State, Nigeria
Authors: Ishaq G Adeoye , Umar Sa’adu , Awwal G Abdullahi
Published: May 2024

This study assessed the factors influencing utilization of information communication technology (ICT) in agricultural extension service delivery in Osun state. A total of 175 respondents were considered (extension agents = 155, supervisors = 20). The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage). The result from the research revealed that majority (80% and 90%) of respondents were male and are married respectively, while 87% are within the age range of 30 – 49 years. The family size of majority of the extension workers are within 4 – 6 members. While 61.7% of the respondents had B.sc/B.A, a handful (23.4%) had HND with few (14.9%) ND certificate holders. Their annual salaries range from N300,000 - N600,000 and majority (85%) of the extension workers do not belong to any agricultural association. Radio and Television (100%) were the ICTs most aware of among the extension workers followed by telephone (98.9%).
Utilidad clínica del findrisk y hemoglobina glicosilada en la detección temprana de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en adultos de un Laboratorio Privado de Quevedo
Authors: Aray Cevallos Karla Aracely , Mina Ortiz Jhon Bryan
Published: May 2024

El término diabetes mellitus (DM) se describe como un desorden metabólico de múltiples etiologías, caracterizado por hiperglucemia crónica con disturbios en el metabolismo de los carbohidratos, grasas y proteínas y que resulta de defectos en la secreción y/o en la acción de la insulina. Este estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar la utilidad clínica del findrisk y hemoglobina glicosilada en la detección temprana de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en adultos de un laboratorio privado de Quevedo. La investigación fue de estudio observacional, descriptivo-prospectivo, de corte transversal con enfoque mixto, no experimental, se incluyó: hombres y mujeres de 22 a 59 años y pacientes del laboratorio Goodlab, se excluyó pacientes con diagnóstico de diabetes tipo 1 y 2, embarazadas y pacientes con otras enfermedades. La evaluación de los riesgos de diabetes, utilizando el cuestionario FINDRISK y el monitoreo regular de los niveles de hemoglobina glicosilada son elementos fundamentales en la atención médica preventiva y en el manejo de la enfermedad. Según el resultado del chi-cuadrado se determinó que no existe una relación directa, entre las escalas de riesgo del test findrisk y el resultado de hemoglobina glicosilada, se considera que las variables son independientes de acuerdo a la patología.
“There is not time in the city There is no place on the high street”: Agency of Urban Space and David Greig’s San Diego as Soft City
Authors: Gültekin Ömer Kemal
Published: May 2024

Agency of space is a phenomenon not to be ignored. Affecting every entity, it encloses and interacts with, gives space a peculiar agency. Without doubt, urban space is a particular space where the interaction between human and space is the densest. Billions of people live in urban space and like a container it is shaping the lives of its inhabitants. This act of shaping is not only physical but also identity-related. Through the analysis of how the characters are shaped by eponymous city in David Greig’s San Diego, this article aims to demonstrate the special relationship between urban space and human beings. Prior to reaching any conclusions about this relationship, the similarity between a playwright and an architect will be analysed to highlight that the setting of the play is not a random construction and to demonstrate how the playwright utilises space to shape his characters.