bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Jan Joachim Tarło biskup kijowski (1718-1723) i poznański (1723-1732) Czynności pontyfikalne
Authors: Neumann Piotr Franciszek
Published: October 2020

Jan Joachim Tarło belonged to a family whose three members were bishops of Poznań in the first half of the 18th century. Jan Joachim was an alumnus of Jesuit schools and during his sojourn there joined the Society of Jesus which he left in 1689, passing into the ranks of diocesan clergy. In December 1718 he was granted papal provision to the bishopric in Kiev and remained in office until 1723 when he was transferred to the office of bishop of Poznań which he fulfilled for nine years until his death on 13 August 1732. He died in Vienna on his return from a journey to Rome.His book of pontifical activities for the years 1719-1731 survives till the present day and is stored at the Archdiocesan Archive in Poznań (catalogue number ASO 7). The book is divided into sections in which the following types of activities are recorded: ordinations of various degrees including presbiterate and episcopate, blessing of cornerstones, consecration and blessing of churches, consecration of permanent altars and portative stones, blessing of church bells, consecrations of the holy oils.From the records in the book it follows that during his ministry as bishop of Kiev, Tarło stayed in the Cracow diocese and discharged his duties there. Interestingly, there is no evidence of his performing any official acts in the area of the Kiev diocese, which must have been connected with the fact that already by then a great part of its territory (the bishopric of Kiev included) lay within the borders of the Russian Empire, whereas the part that remained in the Kingdom of Poland encompassed just a few parish churches.
Didaktische Texte im Bereich der Giottodidaktik. Versuch einer Begriffsbestimmung
Authors: Grucza Sambor
Published: October 2020

The aim of the article is to discuss the question of (glotto)didactic texts from the point of view of glottodidactics. The division of texts into didactic and non-didactic can be drawn according to the criteria of glottodidactic relevance of a given text. The glottodidactic relevance can be defined as the applicability of a given text for reaching an expected glottodidactic aim. Authenticity of didactic text is one that is congruous with the communication situation in which, or for which it was formulated. An original didactic text in turn is one which has not been changed in any way with respect to its original form and contents. Every didactic text must be an authentic text, but it does not necessarily have to be an original text. The characteristic feature of didactic texts may be divided into linguistic features and glottodidactic features.
Imperfektiv oder Perfektiv? Die Krux mit dem slavischen Verbalaspekt aus deutscher Sicht (am Beispiel des Polnischen)
Authors: Schwenk Hans-Jörg
Published: October 2020

The present paper deals with the category of aspect as it occurs in Slavic Languages in general and in Polisch in particular and the way it is treated by the authors of textbooks of Polish designed to serve the needs of non-native speakers whose mother tongue lacks the morphological distinction of perfective and imperfective verbs. Special attention is paid to teaching problems which arise from both the nature and the theory of aspect. It could be shown that teaching and learning strategies which aim at enhancing problem-solving skills in the field of aspect cannot be developed at all levels and independently of theoretical issues. The latter, however, as it seems, have to undergo a critical revision thus giving birth to valuable and reliable didactic concepts leading to more efficiency and more satisfying results.
Die Wiedergabe deutscher Abtönungspartikeln im Polnischen unter Satzarten- und Intentionsaspekt
Authors: Duch Justyna
Published: October 2020

Modal particles can be strategically used by the speaker to specify the illocutionary content, which can have different consequences on the pragmatic and communicative level. This paper is an attempt to present German and Polish modal particles according to the intention of the speaker and sentence types. This paper gives also an insight into problem of the translation of modal particles.
Zum Begriff "Kompetenz" in der Fremdsprachendidaktik
Authors: Czarnecka Małgorzata
Published: October 2020

This paper discusses the role of the notion of competence in foreign language teaching. The starting point is a definition of competence given by Chomsky and other researchers over a span of several decades (Labov, Hymes, Canale & Swain, Coseriu, tyons et al.). In the latter part of the paper, a model of communicative competence by Hans Eberhard Piepho is presented. The author focuses on changes the notion of competence has undergone within the period under consideration; they are presented as a process that - in the linguistics - has manifested itself for years in a tendency „towards the performance".
Muttersprache im Fremdsprachenunterricht - mehr als ein Ausweichmanöver?
Authors: Ciepielewska Luiza
Published: October 2020

The article deals with the role of the native language in a foreign language class. The practical aspects of moderate native language usage are discussed. Using concrete examples, the author discusses the positive influence of a native language on communication during foreign language class.
Why should a Business English Teacher be a Constructivist Teacher?
Authors: Lempart Joanna
Published: October 2020

The article provides some considerations related to the issue of learning and teaching Business English in Poland. It explains the difference between Business English, General English and English for Specific Purposes. The main aim of it is to present the characteristics of the Constructivist Business English Teachers. In order to this the constructivist approach to second language learning and teaching is briefly presented and a few. valuable suggestions are provided on how to it can be employed in Business English teaching.
Wesen, Arten und Wirkungen der fremdsprachlichen Steuerung
Authors: Szczodrowski Marian
Published: October 2020

Every human activity, including linguistic and non-linguistic communication among people, is always connected with a type of control appropriate to that activity. In an informationalcommunicative system there functions a parallel control system, which ensures the optimum transfer of information to the receiver or receivers. The following article deals with the essence of the process of control, its course on the inter-individual and intra-individual level of communication between partners, and types of control and their possible effects.
Interkulturelles Lernen als Schlüsselqualifikation im Zeitalter der Globalisierung im Kontext des Deutschunterrichts in Georgien
Authors: Loladze Nino
Published: October 2020

In the age of globalisation, foreign language classes play an especially important part. Considering the inextricable link between the study of language and of culture, in foreign language classes not only aim language structure, but also aim language culture must be taught. The need for intercultural learning must be recognised also in the German as a foreign language classes in Georgia and this approach must show up in the formation of teachers as well as in the new books on German as a foreign language in Georgia.
Phraseologismen als Textualisierungsmittel
Authors: Urban Anna
Published: October 2020

The objective of the following article was to present the results of a study evaluating among others the function of idioms preceding and closing text blocks, as well as forming a text frame in feuilletons of the »Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung«. The conducted analysis was to discuss whether idioms serve solely pragmatic purposes or whether they are also a means of text structuring.
Sprachliche Fehler und deren Auffassung im Wandel der Geschichte des Fremdsprachenunterrichts
Authors: Pawłowska Agnieszka
Published: October 2020

The article focuses on the problem of language errors that – more often than not – still tends to be regarded as a marginal phenomenon which does not deserve any particular attention. An attempt is made at analyzing the concept of a language error and tracking the approach to it adopted in selected language teaching methods, arriving finally at the language error theory in modern language teaching.
Lexikalische Kompetenz – ein Plädoyer für eine breitere Auffassung des Begriffs
Authors: Targońska Joanna
Published: October 2020

The subject of the present paper is the notion of ‘lexical competence’. This type of competence is often analysed in a too narrow sense, although over the years the notion has been broadened. Since in the Author’s opinion the definition of lexical competence should include not only the knowledge about vocabulary or its usage, but also the ability to compensate for lexical gaps, a new, slightly broader definition has been formulated and the factors were presented which may influence its development
Reformpädagogik als eine Antwort auf die Modernisierungsprozesse am Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts
Authors: Wolting Monika
Published: October 2020

After a prolonged absence of the topic of education reformers in the public discussion nowadays it’s obviously an increased interest in their approaches and models of performance. The theoretical reflections of the progressive education based on the ideas of the creative power of the child figuring in a mythical, romantic-coded image of the child as a genius. This conception was in opposite to the rigid forms of teaching, to every automatism of learning, against the authoritarian treating of teachers with students.
Mixed Methods and Action Research: similar or different?
Authors: Wiśniewska Danuta
Published: October 2020

This article attempts to analyse and compare ELT studies grounded solely in mixed methods and ELT action research studies based on a mixed methods approach in order to identify to what degree action research studies combining different methods in a single study comply with the principles of rigorous mixed methods study.
Repräsentative Kunstwerke aus dem deutschsprachigen Raum im DaF-Projektunterricht
Authors: Gorąca Gabriela , Jourdy Natascha
Published: October 2020

Project is one of the most stimulating and motivating form of working in group, so therefore it should be considered as an important element of a FLT. To prove this statement, it was conducted a project with students of Applied Linguistics, whose main idea was connected with the description of an inside and outside perspective of the representative paintings from the German speaking countries. The results of this initiative were fertile for both, lecturer and students and they will be described in the presented paper.
Quality Assurance in Teacher Education
Authors: Komorowska Hanna
Published: October 2020

Quality in general education has been defined through aims, key qualifications, organisational standards, didactic requirements, but also learning outcomes which depend on students’ proficiency in the language of schooling and their cognitive academic skills. New challenges bring about changes in responsibilities of schools and teachers and have a strong impact on approachesto quality assurance in teacher education, a complex process not devoid of controversies, the most important of which will be identified in the present text. Implications for the curricular content of pre- and in-service language teacher education will also be sought.
Reality TV shows and empathy in the EFL classroom
Authors: LASA ÁLVAREZ BEGOÑA
Published: October 2020

The aim of this study is to explore the extent to which reality TV shows, such as the X Factor, can be effective and emotionally engaging resources in the EFL classroom, particularly for teenagers. Such TV formats, especially the sections in which contestants narrate their personal experiences, have the potential to engage viewers in a powerfully emotional way. Similarly, when used as teaching resources, these first-person discourses are capable of challenging students' empathy very directly, triggering emotionally charged responses to the expressions of others. Thus, under examination here will be the potential value in language teaching and learning of reality TV talent shows and the empathy they produce in students
Adolescent learner perceptions of foreign language assessment: Critical incident analysis
Authors: CZURA ANNA
Published: October 2020

This article reports on a study that aimed to explore adolescent learner perceptions of language assessment experiences and their beliefs about what makes a useful, valuable and highquality assessment. The data was collected by means of the critical incident technique (CIT) in which 25 lower secondary learners (aged 14–16) were asked to recall both positive and negative instances of assessment they had experienced in the course of their language education. The results reveal that the participants held generally positive views of language assessment and paid attention to such aspects of assessment as reliability, appreciation and authenticity. On the other hand, the importance of grades was prioritised over the learning value of assessment, which is characteristic of performance-oriented assessment environment
Revue des recherches sur l’anxiété langagière relative aux compétences linguistiques et aux étapes du traitement de la langue
Authors: ŁUSZCZYŃSKA SYLWIA
Published: October 2020

This article presents the findings of selected empirical research on language anxiety, conducted in various countries and among age groups at diverse proficiency levels, applying different research designs and anxiety measurement instruments. First of all, the role of some language skills in anxiety production is presented. The studies summarized below focus on listening, reading and writing in order to more specifically classify the causes of language anxiety. Then, a discussion of the relationship between anxiety during the three stages of language processing (i.e. input, processing, output) and its relationship to learning deficits is presented.
Storybird – ein Tool für Aktivierung der Fremdsprachenlernenden
Authors: RUSEK BEATA
Published: October 2020

Boredom, monotony and inactivity are some causes of passive learner behaviours during foreign language classes. A teacher who is aware of the importance of the learning process has to be consciously responsible for activating learners. New technologies offer numerous opportunities. The tool presented in this article: Storybird, allows learners to create and publish their own illustrated stories. Differences between traditional writing tasks versus using Storybird are discussed here. Analysis of a survey allows us to see the potentil of this tool from the learner perspective.
Sprechhemmungen bei multikulturellen Austauschprojekten und ihre Wirkung auf interkulturelles Lernen an Hochschulen
Authors: STOROZENKO VICTORIA , SCHMIDT-BERNHARDT ANGELA , ADAMCZAK-KRYSZTOFOWICZ SYLWIA
Published: October 2020

Inhibitions in speaking (or fear of speaking) can affect communicative processes in cross-cultural groups of learners. They may result from numerous emotional, cognitive or psychophysiological factors. The article concentrates on the most common types of inhibitions observed in a group of students during a project based seminar which took place in Poznań in December 2016. The seminar was a joint venture organised by Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań and the University of Marburg. The student participants were working on developing cultural teaching materials, and after the seminar they took part in a qualitative survey intended to examine their reflections concerning the project. The article presents a discussion of selected findings.
Double responsibility of foreign language teachers: Primary student-teachers’ perceptions of linguistic and cultural content
Authors: Sanchez-Sanchez Gabriel , Krawiec Marek , Ibañez-Lopez Francisco Javier
Published: October 2020

Scholars all over the world have been arguing for foreign language instruction which combines linguistic and cultural content. Eliminating the cultural side results in a deficient process. This study explored prospective teachers’ perceptions of both constituents, since they will ultimately be responsible for their implementation in the foreign language classroom. To this end, 137 students from three European universities were chosen and asked to fill out an online questionnaire with Likert scale items. Data was collected and interpreted using the free statistics software package R (R Core Team, 2019). The findings confirmed that the relevance of linguistic / cultural issues was unanimously acknowledged (98,5%), speaking was appointed as the most desired target skill (97,1%), interpersonal relations (88,3%) as the most important aspect of socio-cultural knowledge, and lessons with native speakers (94,2%) as the most relevant classroom resource
MITOLOGIZACJA I POLITYZACJA HISTORII: CO MOŻEMY WIEDZIEĆ, CO MOŻEMY ZROBIĆ I CZEGO MOŻEMY SIĘ SPODZIEWAĆ?
Authors: SOLSKA Ewa
Published: October 2020

MITOLOGIZACJA I POLITYZACJA HISTORII: CO MOŻEMY WIEDZIEĆ, CO MOŻEMY ZROBIĆ I CZEGO MOŻEMY SIĘ SPODZIEWAĆ?
Synagogue paintings as indicating a!developing conception of national redemption
Authors: Orgad Zvi
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Orgad Zvi, Synagogue paintings as indicating a developing conception of national redemption. “Images” vol. XXV, no. 34. Poznań 2019. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. Pp. 15–27. ISSN 1731-450X. DOI 10.14746/i.2019.34.01.

This article compares the interior paintings in the ‘Ades and Ohel Moshe synagogues, both of which are non-Ashkenazi, in the Naḥlaot neighborhood in Jerusalem. Although the synagogues were decorated 50 years apart, there are similarities in the painted motifs and drawing schemes, but also some differences. I suggest that these differences reflect the development of a Jewish concept of national redemption during the 50 years that elapsed between the adornment of the two synagogues.
Mosaic of Israel’s landscapes as an expression of geographical, cultural, and religious diversity
Authors: Dorot Ruth
Published: October 2020

Dorot Ruth, Mosaic of Israel’s landscapes as an expression of geographical, cultural, and religious diversity. “Images” vol. XXV, no. 34. Poznań 2019. Adam Mickiewicz University Press. Pp. 87–113. ISSN 1731-450X. DOI 10.14746/i.2019.34.06.

Israel is tiny in its dimensions, yet huge in the spectrum of its landscapes. It is ancient in its history, yet young as a state. In honor of the 70th independence day of the State of Israel, celebrated in 2018, this paper presents a mosaic of 12 landscape paintings, from the country’s most southern point to the most northern one, by Israeli artists who represent, in diverse styles, the state’s geographic and historic wealth in a visual-artistic sense.
Was Calypso Able to Make Odysseus Immortal?
Authors: Bartol Krystyna
Published: October 2020

The article, focusing primarily on the Odyssey 5. 135–6, offers a set of remarks designed to foreground the qualities that make the Calypso episode not only interesting as an example of how the epic poet exploits traditional themes and phrases, but exciting as a story of a man’s desire.
What Does the Long-lived Nestor’s Cup Hold in Store? Remarks on the Reception of the Theme in Iconography and Literature
Authors: Milewska-Waźbińska Barbara
Published: October 2020

The paper studies selected aspects of the reception of Homeric theme of Nestor’s cup in the early modern times, both in emblematics and in literary worksThe longevity of king of Pylos and his oratorical skills were often alluded to in the Greek and Latin literature. As it turns out, the interpretation of the cup’s adornments included in Athenaeus’ Banquet of the Learned was widely discussed in the early modern times. This interpretation contributed both to the study of emblematics and literary works. The Homeric theme left its indelible mark also on the Old Polish literature, as in the funeral oration in honor of Bishop of Cracow Jakub Zadzik entitled Nestor Sarmaticus written by Jan Cynerski-Rachtamowicz.
The Pandemic Exposes an Ailing US Governance Model
Authors: Roberts Alasdair
Published: October 2020

Since the 1990s and Bill Clinton’s embrace of key parts of Ronald Reagan’s legacy, mainstream US governance has been guided by a bipartisan consensus around a formula of shrinking the federal government’s responsibilities and deregulating the economy. Hailed as the ultimate solution to the age-old problem of governing well, the formula was exported to the developing world as the Washington Consensus. Yet growing political polarization weakened the consensus, and in a series of three major crises over the past two decades—9/11, the global financial crisis, and the COVID-19 pandemic—US policymakers opted for pragmatism rather than adherence to the old formula, which appears increasingly inadequate to cope with current governance challenges.
Care Work on the Front Lines
Authors: Ebeling Mary F. E.
Published: October 2020

An ethnographic study of the work of nurse practitioners at an outpatient care facility shows how these medical professionals must endlessly multitask to fill gaps in the US social safety net. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, a new focus on the essential work of nurses and the lack of resources with which they often contend is especially timely.
Analisis Gaya Bahasa Slang dalam Film ï¼š (QiÃ¡nrÃ¨n sÄn: zÃ ijiÃ n qiÃ¡nrÃ¨n) (The Ex-File 3: The Return of The Exes) (Tinjauan Semantik)
Authors: Damayanti Tiwi , Anggraeni Anggraeni
Published: October 2020

Masalah penelitian meliputi (1) apa saja jenis bahasa slang yang digunakan dalam film (QiÃ¡nrÃ¨n sÄn: zÃ ijiÃ n qiÃ¡nrÃ¨n) (The Ex-File 3: The Return of The Exes): (2) bagaimana penggunaan bahasa slang pada dialog film (QiÃ¡nrÃ¨n sÄn: zÃ ijiÃ n qiÃ¡nrÃ¨n) (The Ex-File 3: The Return of The Exes) dalam tinjauan semantik. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan metode simak dengan teknik catat. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis data yang dikemukakan oleh Miles dan Huberman. Keabsahan data menggunakan triangulasi metode. Hasil penelitian yang dicapai dalam penelitian ini yaitu (1) terdapat total 106 kosakata slang yang terdiri dari 98 kosakata slang primer dan 8 kosakata slang sekunder, dan (2) penggunaan slang dalam tinjauan semantik memiliki makna leksikal dan makna kontekstual yang berbeda, tetapi beberapa kosakata memiliki makna leksikal dan makna kontekstual yang sama. Simpulan penelitian bahwa film (QiÃ¡nrÃ¨n sÄn: zÃ ijiÃ n qiÃ¡nrÃ¨n) (The Ex-File 3: The Return of The Exes) lebih dominan menggunakan jenis bahasa slang primer daripada slang sekunder.Research problems are include (1) what types of slang are used in films (QiÃ¡nrÃ¨n sÄn: zÃ ijiÃ n qiÃ¡nrÃ¨n) (The Ex-File 3: The Return of The Exes), and (2) how the use of slang on filmâ€™s dialogue (QiÃ¡nrÃ¨n sÄn: zÃ ijiÃ n qiÃ¡nrÃ¨n) (The Ex-File 3: The Return of The Exes) in a semantic review. Type of this research is a qualitative research with a descriptive design. Data collection techniques use refer and noted. Data analysis techniques proposed by Miles and Huberman. The validity of the data uses the triangulation method. The result of the research are (1) there are total of 106 slang vocabularies consisting of 98 primary slang vocabularies and 8 secondary slang vocabularies; (2) the use of slang in semantic reviews has different lexical and contextual meanings, but several vocabulary meanings has the same lexical meaning and contextual meaning. The conclusion of the research is that the film (QiÃ¡nrÃ¨n sÄn: zÃ ijiÃ n qiÃ¡nrÃ¨n) (The Ex-File 3: The Return of The Exes) is more dominant using the type of primary slang than secondary slang.
Extracción de diente ectópico en comunicación con piso de cavidad nasal: reporte de caso
Authors: Albarracín-García Andrea Del Pilar , Muñoz Luisa Fernanda , Albarracín-García Gerardo Enrique
Published: October 2020

La erupción ectópica es una ocurrencia poco evidenciada en la consulta odontológica. Esta anomalía generalmente es asintomática y suele únicamente descubrirse mediante radiografías en una revisión dental rutinaria, sin embargo, se puede ver acompañada de procesos patológicos como quistes, reabsorción ósea o infección, entre otros. El objetivo de este texto es presentar el manejo clínico y tratamiento de un diente maxilar en posición ectópica en comunicación con la fosa nasal derecha. Se reporta el caso clínico de una mujer de 45 años de edad, reportando síntomas de dolor en el paladar y antecedentes de epistaxis. Al examen clínico presenta una lesión en el paladar, de consistencia blanda y fluctuante con leve drenaje de material purulento. Se descubre la presencia de un diente ectópico mediante una cirugía exploratoria y se realiza la exodoncia del mismo. Se hace seguimiento constante durante cuatro meses y la paciente presenta una recuperación satisfactoria, refiriendo alivio total de sintomatología; todo esto a pesar de las limitaciones generadas por el nivel socioeconómico del paciente y el entorno en el cual se lleva a cabo la atención odontológica. Lo anterior, evidencia la vital importancia el correcto diagnóstico de anomalías dentales, para poder brindar un tratamiento adecuado y oportuno.
Slow Growth and Increased Spontaneous Mutation Frequency in Respiratory Deficientafo1- Yeast Suppressed by a Dominant Mutation inATP3
Authors: Li Jing , Rinnerthaler Mark , Hartl Johannes , Weber Manuela , Karl Thomas , Breitenbach-Koller Hannelore , Mülleder Michael , Vowinckel Jakob , Marx Hans , Sauer Michael , Mattanovich Diethard , Ata Özge , De Sonakshi , Greslehner Gregor P , Geltinger Florian , Burhans Bill , Grant Chris , Doronina Victoria , Ralser Meryem , Streubel Maria Karolin , Grabner Christian , Jarolim Stefanie , Moßhammer Claudia , Gourlay Campbell W , Hasek Jiri , Cullen Paul J , Liti Gianni , Ralser Markus , Breitenbach Michael
Published: October 2020

A yeast deletion mutation in the nuclear-encoded gene, AFO1, which codes for a mitochondrial ribosomal protein, led to slow growth on glucose, the inability to grow on glycerol or ethanol, and loss of mitochondrial DNA and respiration. We noticed that afo1- yeast readily obtains secondary mutations that suppress aspects of this phenotype, including its growth defect. We characterized and identified a dominant missense suppressor mutation in the ATP3 gene. Comparing isogenic slowly growing rho-zero and rapidly growing suppressed afo1- strains under carefully controlled fermentation conditions showed that energy charge was not significantly different between strains and was not causal for the observed growth properties. Surprisingly, in a wild-type background, the dominant suppressor allele of ATP3 still allowed respiratory growth but increased the petite frequency. Similarly, a slow-growing respiratory deficient afo1- strain displayed an about twofold increase in spontaneous frequency of point mutations (comparable to the rho-zero strain) while the suppressed strain showed mutation frequency comparable to the respiratory-competent WT strain. We conclude, that phenotypes that result from afo1- are mostly explained by rapidly emerging mutations that compensate for the slow growth that typically follows respiratory deficiency.
Closed Theories, Falsificationism and Non-Cumulative Progress
Authors: Firsova Svitlana , Bilorus Tetiana , Aksom Herman
Published: October 2020

It is argued that scientific progress occurs not with the cumulative growth of knowledge or when theories get closer to the truth but with discovering new domains and new theories that fit these domains. This horizontal view on the direction of scientific progress (in contrast to vertical, when we aim to get from here to the abstract and ephemeral truth) allows avoiding traditional objections posed by the incommensurability thesis and pessimistic induction, namely, that radical theory changes leave no room for progress. According to this perspective, the discovery of quantum mechanics as a new field of inquiry is a progress in itself, since this discovery had opened up a new distinctive domain of physics and a new theory that fits this domain. While some perspectives on scientific progress maintain that there is a need for correspondence between competing theories, we shift the emphasis from correspondence towards the discovery of new domains and new theories that apply to those domains. This approach allows overcoming the problem of theoretical discontinuity after scientific revolutions. Correspondence between theories is an important but not necessary condition for progress, while the falsifiability of theories as a means of demonstrating the boundaries of old theories and domains and beginnings of the new domains and theories (instead of being merely a means of refutation) is a necessary condition.
Gaia Theory: Between Autopoiesis and Sympoiesis
Authors: Žukauskaitė Audronė
Published: October 2020

The article discusses the development of the Gaia Hypothesis as it was defined by James Lovelock in the 1970s and later elaborated in his collaboration with biologist Lynn Margulis. Margulis’s research in symbiogenesis and her interest in Maturana and Varela’s theory of autopoiesis helped to reshape the Gaia theory from a first-order systems theory to second-order systems theory. In contrast to the first-order systems theory, which is concerned with the processes of homeostasis, second-order systems incorporate emergence, complexity and contingency. In this respect Latour’s and Stengers’s takes on Gaia, even defining it as an “outlaw” or an anti-system, can be interpreted as specific kind of systems thinking. The article also discusses Haraway’s interpretation of Gaia in terms of sympoiesis and argues that it presents a major reconceptualization of systems theory.
Psychological Topology of Path (Lectures on Proust). Lecture XX
Authors: Mamardašvilis Merabas
Published: October 2020

Translation and Preface – Kristina Baranovaitė
Mimetic Evil: A Conceptual and Ethical Study
Authors: Airaksinen Timo
Published: October 2020

Irony and sarcasm are common linguistic tropes. They are both based on falsehoods that the speaker pretends to be true. I briefly characterize their differences. A third trope exists that works when the relevant propositions are true – yet its rhetorical effect resembles irony and sarcasm, I call it mocking. It is mimetic evil: an agent copies another so that the result ridicules him. The image is, in a limited way, true of him and it hurts; we all are vulnerable. I provide a systematic framework for understanding this phenomenon, mocking, in terms of emulation and simulation. Finally, I introduce an idea of universal mimesis and discuss René Girard’s theory of desire. He argues that desires are copies of a model. This may not be possible, and I suggest a modification to his theory. I pay attention to his idea of mimetic desire as a source of hatred, which is obviously related to what I call here mimetic mocking.
Ressentiment as a Function of Memory: Nietzsche, Deleuze, Jankelevitch
Authors: Andrijauskas Jokūbas
Published: October 2020

The aim of this paper is to discuss the later development of Nietzsche’s notion of ressentiment in the philosophies of Gilles Deleuze and Vladimir Jankelevitch. In the context of Nietzsche’s philosophy, the concept of ressentiment is used to explain a revolution in morality. It is argued that ressentiment should not be understood with appeal to the motivation of a subject, whose notion Nietzsche refuses, or to the intensity of exterior excitation, but rather to the function of memory. In Deleuze’s theory, ressentiment is understood as the product of reactive forces that triumph over the active by eliminating the faculty of forgetting. The man of ressentiment is said to be unable to get rid of external excitations and, in turn, he projects his frustration on other people. Because of this, the figure of a “faulty other” functions as a priori of the man of ressentiment. In the philosophy of Jankelevitch, ressentiment is also understood as a negative, anti-vital phenomenon. However, Jankelevitch also introduces the positive notion of ressentiment, which functions as a precondition of authentic forgiveness.
Ефективність фізичної терапії дітей із окремими системними ураженнями на фоні недиференційованої дисплазії сполучної тканини
Authors: Руденко Юлія , Звіряка Олександр , Арєшина Юлія
Published: October 2020

Мета: розробити та довести ефективність комплексної програми фізичної терапії дітей із системним ураженням зо- рового та опорно-рухового апарату на фоні недиференційованої дисплазії сполучної тканини.

Матеріал і методи: у дослідженні взяло участь 24 дітей 6 років спеціального навчально-виховного комплексу. Мето- ди дослідження: збір анамнезу; клінічний огляд за критеріями Т. Мілковської-Димитрової та О. Каркашова; ступень гі- пермобільності суглобів за критеріями Картера-Вілкінсона в модифікації Бейтона; оцінка силової витривалості м’язів- розгиначів спини та черевного пресу (тести А.М. Рейзмана і Ф.І. Багрова); візометрія.

Результати: під час попереднього дослідження встановлено тенденцію до збільшення ступеню гіпермобільності су- глобів віповідно до зростання ступеню міопії: при міопії слабкого ступеню переважала легка, при середньому ступені міопії – легка і середня гіпермобільності суглобів, при міопії високого ступеню варіювала від легкої до вираженої (ге- нералізованої); виявлено тенденцію до збільшення кількості дітей з порушенням постави відповідно до зростання сту- пеню міопії. Розроблено та апробовано комплексну програму фізичної терапії із застосуванням сучасних технологій та засобів відновлення: лікувальна гімнастика для м’язів ока (соляризація, пальмінг) та опорно-рухового апарату на балансуючій платформі BOSU; збалансований добовий режим харчування; самомасаж колових м’язів ока і повік; арт- терапія (казкотерапія) в поєднанні з Су-Джок терапією за авторською розробкою «Сонливі кошенята». Дана програма мала позитивний вплив на стан зорового аналізатора та опорно-рухового апарату.

Висновки: у результаті проведення заходів фізичної терапії в основній групі зменшилася кількість дітей з високим сту- пенем міопії; збільшилася силова витривалість м’язів-розгиначів спини та черевного пресу; знизилася кількість дітей із гіпермобільністю суглобів середнього ступеню та відмічено відсутність її вираженого ступеню.
Ключові слова фізична терапія, недиференційована дисплазія сполучної тканини, орган зору, опорно-руховий апарат, діти
Educational Novations: Scaling Up and Institutional Practices
Authors: KHMELEVSKA О.M.
Published: October 2020

Th e educational novations that have already proven their eff ectiveness and relevance at the level of pilot projects, programs, practices, including in other countries, are considered as one of the ways to improve the quality of education in Ukraine. It demands using the applied potential of the concept of scaling up, which allows to justify the structure and algorithm of interrelated actions at diff erent institutional and managerial levels. Th e relevance of the article is determined by the fact that a scaling up in the fi eld of edu cation at international level is currently infl uenced by interdisciplinary intelligence and the rapid accumulation of empirical data in new areas of educational activities, including sus tainable development. However, among domestic scientists and experts, the topic of scal ing up still remains undervalued. Th is presupposes the expediency of generalizing the con ceptual framework and institutional scaling up practices for further conceptualization of the scaling up process. Th e purpose of this article is to formulate a multidimensional conceptualization of scal ing up of educational novations, which takes into account modern theoretical and empirical studies of scaling up in socially signifi cant areas, as well as the logic of consistency of key components, processes and results of scaling up. Th e novelty of this study is characterized by the following provisions. Th e multidimen sional conceptualization of scaling up of educational novations was further developed. It is suggested to consider novation as a scaling object, because this notion is broader than innova tion and covers a wider range of educational activities, including the implementation of sus tainable development principles. Th e necessity to introduce the English term “scaling site” into the domestic scientifi c circulation is grounded, which is important for understanding and interpretation of the scaling up conception. Among the results of the study it is worth noting the author’s proposed visualization of the scaling up model, which generates various interdisciplinary ideas and structures of the scaling up process from a systemic point of view and covers the key stages and cycles of scal ing up. Th e focus is also on elements and strategies of scaling up (subjects, contexts, dimen sions, resources and fi nancial models, approaches and drivers of scaling up), adaptation sce narios (sites, levels, sectors, cycles and duration of scaling up) and object transformation sce narios (including the monitoring and evaluation). Th e study allows concluding that it is appropriate to use the scaling up conception in areas of educational activities, for which the eff ectiveness and rates of implementation of relevant novations are critical.
Quality of Life Dependence on Energy Consumption: Intercountry Variations
Authors: CHEREVATSKYI D.Yu.
Published: October 2020

The unity and struggle of opposites in the context of quality of life determines the use of primary energy resources, whether fossil or alternative sources, which is related to the state of the environment. An effective policy for the sustainable development of mankind requires the consumption of large amounts of energy to make life dignified, and the strict limitation of the consumption of energy to protect the environment. Th e purpose of the article is to determine the dependence of the quality of life of the population on the consumption of primary energy resources in national economies. Th e novelty of the research lies in the comparison of the quality of life of the population in national economies with the consumption of primary energy resources; application of the indicator of lost years of healthy life as a measure of the quality of life of the population; introduction of concepts of density of lost years of healthy life and ecological density (the ratio of the national value of Footprint to the energy resources consumption). Research methods. Th e work is based on the use of the Global Disease Burden project methodology; comparative research, mathematical statistics (regression and cluster analysis); mathematical modelling. Th e uneven specific consumption of energy resources in national economies of different types is proved based on cluster analysis results, it is found that industrial countries consume more energy than countries with warm climates, but less than developed countries, high energy consumption reduces the number of lost years of active life, but greatly increases the size of ecological Footprint. Th e phenomenon of peninsulas in quality of life is demonstrated, the density of lost years of healthy life and ecological density in national economies in relation to primary energy consumption is analyzed, the significant non-linearity of dependencies is proved, and it is shown that meeting the requirements of sustainable development is impossible without deteriorating the quality of life of countries with population that consumes a lot of energy, but under the conditions of exponential characteristics of the development deterioration is unlikely to be catastrophic.
Currency liberalization and its impact on the economy of Ukraine
Authors:   State Institution ", Harkavenko Valentyna ,   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine", Yershova Galina ,   State Institution "Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine"
Published: October 2020

Examining the transformation of financial relations in Ukraine, in the previous article the authors analyzed the impact of foreign capital on the economic development of this country’s economy and found that its concentration in certain economic activities contributed to consolidating its raw material orientation. The authors conclude that due to the distorted model of Ukraine's economic development, successful practices of developed countries to attract foreign investment and reform the financial sector are ineffective in this country’s economy. Continuing the study of the transformations of financial relations in Ukraine, which are taking place under the influence of the approximation of domestic legislation to European standards, the authors could not leave aside the question of impact of the liberalization of currency legislation on the economy. Given that currency liberalization significantly affects the behavior of foreign investors, the authors conducted an in-depth analysis of legislative changes in the financial sector, and described the main results of their implementation. The positive and negative consequences of currency liberalization in Ukraine for business entities and the economy in general are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the risks associated with the liberalization of operations related to the movement of capital and the behavior of non-residents in the financial market of Ukraine. It is concluded that Ukraine’s economy with its distorted development model belongs to the financially and institutionally weak ones, hence is not presently ready to liberalize its monetary relations, which could only deepen the deformations and reduce resilience to macroeconomic imbalances.
Transformation potential of the financial services industry under the influence of fintech: global and regional dimensions
Authors:   State Institution ", Brus Svitlana ,   Institute for Economics and Forecasting, NAS of Ukraine"
Published: October 2020

The article defines the concept of fintech as an innovative industry and as a financial product. The processes and possibilities of using innovative technologies, in particular blockchain, artificial intelligence, Big Data, cloud technologies, artificial neural networks, and machine learning technologies for the financial services industry are generalized. The author notes the promise of the application of such innovative technologies for the expansion of crediting, reduction of credit, investment and other risks, personalization of financial offers for the client, trading, money transfers, insurance business, etc. The world investments in fintech in the period from 2013 to 2019 are analyzed. The author points out the increase in total investment and average value of one transaction over the past two years. Analyzed the application of fintech for local markets and in various areas of the financial services industry, in particular investments in InsurTech. The author shows the opportunities of the introduction of fintech in the regional section. It is concluded that the coverage of the population with fintech services is higher in the countries where the market of traditional financial services is less developed. Countries with developed financial markets have a conservative approach and a certain lag in the introduction of financial technologies. At the same time, the author points out a high level of concentration of investments in developed markets. It is concluded that digitalization in the financial and other sectors in Ukraine is promising; in particular, it concerns non-cash payments of insurance companies, remittances and services related to RegTech. Highlighted the priorities for fintech in Ukraine in terms of improving digital literacy, cash economy, and development of fintech ecosystems. The positive and negative effects of the introduction of fintech are considered. It is emphasized that the problems that need to be addressed relate to the risks associated with personal security, privacy, loss of personal data, cybersecurity, job cuts, and various other aspects.
Employment of labor resources in Belarus agriculture: structural-dynamic parameters, forecast trends
Authors:   Republican Scientific Unitary Enterprise «Institute of System Researches in the AIC of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus», Pashkevich Olga
Published: October 2020

Employment of the working age population in various spheres of socially useful activity is an important area of socio-economic development of the Republic of Belarus and a priority area of state regulation. As one of the most important macroeconomic indicators, employment combines social and economic indicators of the economic situation of society. The article presents the results of a study of employment of labor resources trends in agricultural sector of Belarus, an assessment of its current and forecast of future structural parameters. Along with this, the factors that determine these changes have been identified. It is concluded that the solution to the problem of increasing the efficiency and growth of the competitiveness of agricultural production largely depends on the extent to which the agricultural sector is provided with highly qualified and professionally competent workers who are able to master and implement scientific, technological and organizational, and economic innovations in production processes. Conceptual directions of effective management of the employment of labor resources in agro-industrial complex have been developed, taking into account the identified factors (demographic, organizational, technological, and socio-economic ones), and the scope and range of their influence. Suggestions and recommendations can be used to substantiate a new strategy for rural development, which is based on program activities aimed at perspective development of agricultural economy, and strengthening the efficiency of the functioning of agricultural production.
Structural transformations of the EU industrial sector
Authors:   Kyiv Vadym Hetman National University of Economics, Skorik Ksenia
Published: October 2020

The issue of industrial policy and industrial problems is one of the most controversial in the European academic community. Even today, we see a lack of theoretical basis for decision-making on industrial policy issues. The main purpose of the publication is to assess the contribution of industry to the socio-economic development of the EU and its member states, as well as to the dynamic structural changes that took place during 2000-2019. To achieve the article’s goal, the author uses such indicators as the share of the industrial sector in the generation of gross value added, employment, labor productivity, and exports/imports. The article reveals a general trend to increase in the share of the services sector in the generation of gross value added for the EU-28 and to decrease in the share of the industrial sector. It is established that industry remains an important sector for the EU economy, and for the EU-28, it provides almost 20% of gross value added and more than 70% of total exports, and accounts for about 15% of the employed population. For each of the EU countries, the socio-economic contribution of industry is different - for Central and Eastern Europe, it is more important in the generation of gross value added and employment than for the EU founder countries of the euro area (the EU-15 group). It is found that labor productivity in the EU-15 is higher than in other countries. Growing labor productivity is typical for Denmark, the Netherlands, Ireland, Sweden, and Great Britain, while lower productivity - for such CEE countries as Bulgaria, Romania, Lithuania, and Latvia. At the same time, growth rates of all industrial indicators in the latter countries is much higher than in the EU-15. The author considers the new EU industrial policy and various problems of the industrial sector in the EU. The study was carried out on the statistical basis of the European Commission using the methodology of Polish scientists of the Warsaw School of Economics to study the new industrial policy (Krzysztof Falkowski, Adam A. Ambroziak 2015).