bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conhecimento do cirurgião-dentista sobre o manejo e tratamento de fratura radicular horizontal em Curitiba, Brasil Knowledge of dental practitioners on the management and treatment of horizontal root fracture in Curitiba, Brazil
Authors: Martins Jhony Ross Alves , Ditzel Alessandra Soares , Lopez Aaron Bensaul Trujillo , Antoniw Adriane , Cassol Luiza Giacomet , Nuñovero Marcos Felipe Iparraguirre , Lemos Pessoa Thomaz Jefferson de , Westphalen Vânia Portela Ditzel
Published: January 2020

Introdução: A fratura radicular ocorre em uma frequência que varia de 2,5 a 8,7% dos traumas dentários. Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento do cirurgião dentista clínico geral da rede municipal de saúde de Curitiba (PR) a respeito de fratura radicular horizontal e comparar os resultados obtidos nesta investigação (grupo 2) com um estudo desenvolvido em 2009 (grupo 1). Material e métodos: Para a realização deste trabalho, um questionário (utilizado no estudo de 2009) sobre conduta e manejo da fratura radicular horizontal foi aplicado aos cirurgiões-dentistas. Os dados foram analisados por meio do teste χ2 e teste Z de diferença entre duas proporções. A amostra foi composta de 81 cirurgiões-dentistas (grupo 2) e 59 cirurgiões-dentistas (grupo 1). Resultados: Houve maior porcentagem de acerto para o grupo 1 quando comparado ao grupo 2, em relação à conduta na fratura radicular horizontal com ou sem deslocamento do terço coronário e quanto ao prognóstico do dente no que tange à posição da fratura. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre grupos a respeito do tecido pulpar, com ou sem deslocamento dos terços. Sobre a permanência da contenção, houve maior acerto entre o grupo 2. AbstractIntroduction: The frequency of tooth fractures ranges from 2.5 to 8.7% in dental injuries. Objective: The objectives of this study were to evaluated the knowledge of general dental practitioners (GD), at the public dental care system, about the correct management of horizontal tooth fractures, in Curitiba (PR, Brazil) (group 2), and to compare the results with a preview study (group 1). Material and methods: The same questionnaire was applied to GD: in 2009 (group 1) and in the actual study (group 2). The data was analyzed using the χ2 test and the Z test for different proportions. The samples were 81 GDs (group 2) and 59 GDs (group 1). Results: Group 1 had more correct answers than group 2, concerning horizontal root fracture with or without crowded displacement, and prognosis related to the position of the fracture line. About the pulp tissue, with our without displacement, there was no statistic significant difference between both groups. When it comes to the splint permanence, group 2 had more correct answers.
Monoclonal Antibodies Carried in Drug Delivery Nanosystems as a Strategy for Cancer Treatment
Authors: Silvestre Amanda Letícia Polli , Oshiro-Júnior Joáo Augusto , Garcia Camila , Turco Bruna Ortolani , da Silva Leite Joandra Maísa , de Lima Damasceno Bolivar Ponciano Goulart , Soares Jonas Corsino Maduro , Chorilli Marlus
Published: January 2020

Monoclonal antibodies carried in nanosystems have been extensively studied and reported
as a promising tool for the treatment of various types of cancers. Monoclonal antibodies have great
advantages for the treatment of cancer because their protein structure can bind to the target tissue;
however, it has some challenges such as denaturation following heat exposure and extreme values of
pH, temperature and solvents, the ability to undergo hydrolysis, oxidation and deamination and the
formation of non-native aggregates, which compromise drug stability to a large extent. In addition to
these characteristics, they suffer rapid elimination when in the blood, which results in a short half-life
and the production of neutralizing antibodies, rendering the doses ineffective. These challenges are
overcome with encapsulation in nanosystems (liposomes, polymer nanoparticles, cyclodextrins, solid
lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, dendrimers and micelles) due to the characteristics
of improving solubility, permeability, and selectivity only with tumor tissue; with that, there is a decrease
in side effects beyond controlled release, which is critical to improving the therapeutic efficacy
of cancer treatment. The article was divided into different types of nanosystems, with a description of
their definitions and applications in various types of cancers. Therefore, this review summarizes the
use of monoclonal antibodies encapsulated in nanosystems and the description of clinical studies with
biosimilars. Biosimilars are defined as products that are similar to monoclonal antibodies which are
produced when the patent for the monoclonal antibodies expires.
Plant Phenolics as Pathogen-Carrier Immunogenicity Modulator Haptens
Authors: Irais Castillo-Maldonado , María-de-la-Luz Sevilla-González , Dealmy Delgadillo-Guzmán , Agustina Ramírez-Moreno , Nidia Cabral-Hipólito , Mario-Alberto Rivera-Guillén , Luis-Benjamín Serrano-Gallardo , María-del-Carmen Vega-Menchaca , David Pedroza-Escobar
Published: January 2020

Background:

Pathogens use multiple mechanisms to disrupt cell functioning in their host
and allow pathogenesis. These mechanisms involve communication between the pathogen and the host
cell through protein-protein interactions.

Methods:

Protein-protein interactions chains referred to as signal transduction pathways are the processes
by which a chemical or physical signal transmits through a cell as series of molecular events so
the pathogen needs to intercept these molecular pathways at few positions to induce pathogenesis such
as pathogen viability, infection or hypersensitivity.

Results:

The pathogen nodes of interception are not necessarily the most immunogenic; so that novel
immunogenicity-improvement strategies need to be developed thought a chemical conjugation of the
pathogen-carrier nodes to develop an efficient immune response in order to block pathogenesis. On the
other hand, if pathogen-carriers are immunogens; toleration ought to be induced by this conjugation
avoiding hypersensitivity. Thus, this paper addresses the biological plausibility of plant-phenolics as
pathogen-carrier immunogenicity modulator haptens.

Conclusion:

The plant-phenolic compounds have in their structure functional groups such as hydroxyl,
carbonyl, carboxyl, ester, or ether, capable of reacting with the amino or carbonyl groups of the amino
acids of a pathogen-carrier to form conjugates. Besides, the varied carbon structures these phenolic
compounds have; it is possible to alter the pathogen-carrier related factors that determine the immunogenicity:
1) Structural complexity, 2) Molecular size, 3) Structural heterogeneity, 4) Accessibility to
antigenic determinants or epitopes, 5) Optical configuration, 6) Physical state, or 7) Molecular rigidity.
Oral Biofilm on Dental Materials Among Khat Chewers
Authors: Al Moaleem Mohammed M. , Porwal Amit , Al Ahmari Nasser M. , Shariff Mansoor
Published: January 2020

Background:

Nowadays khat chewing habit is increasing among population in southern part
of Saudi Arabia, Jazan and till date there is no literature investigating the effect of khat on oral biofilm
on dental materials.

Objective:

To evaluate and compare the bacterial biofilm on different types of dental restorative materials
used in replacing missing tooth structures among khat chewers and non-khat chewers.

Materials and Methods:

Hundred and twenty biofilm samples were collected from different dental restorations,
such as All-ceramic (AL), Metal Ceramic (MC), Metal crowns or bridges (M), Composite
(C), Glass Ionomer (GI) and Amalgam (A) restorations in non-khat and khat chewers (K). DNA extraction
was done and subjected to PCR. Bacterial species, such as Streptococcus, Neisseria, Bacillus,
Granulicatella and Veillonella were identified and counted. PCR products were also sequenced to detect
similarity. Association between bacterial type and dental materials among non-khat and khat
chewers were tested with Chi-Square test (Fishers Exact test).

Results:

he frequency and percentage of Streptococcus species were marginally higher among khat
chewers (42; 70%) compared with non-khat chewers (38; 63.3%) group. But the Veillonella species
were higher among non-khat chewers (9: 15%), compared to the khat chewers group (7; 11.7%). No
statistically significant difference was detected among species in both groups. In non-khat and khat
chewer group, the maximum hits were related to Streptococcus spp. in glass ionomer, amalgam, and
composite (restorative materials), followed by metal ceramic and metal (prosthetic materials). Veillonella
spp. showed maximum hits in the metal group among non-khat chewers and in all-ceramic
among khat chewers. Statically significant differences were recorded among composite and amalgam
samples with p values 0.047 and 0.036 in khat chewer group.

Conclusion:

Khat chewers showed statistically significant differences in oral biofilm in the composite
and amalgam restorative materials, but there were no significant differences found among any materials
and species between the groups.
Campylobacter: A Review of New Promising Remedies with Medicinal Plants and Natural Antioxidants
Authors: Salimikia Iraj , Bahmani Mahmoud , Abbaszadeh Saber , Rafieian-Kopaei Mahmoud , Nazer Mohammad Reza
Published: January 2020

Campylobacter (curved bacteria) is considered one of the most important and common zoonotic
bacteria and the three leading bacterial causes of gastroenteritis and diarrhea. Antibacterial resistance
is growing and expanding. The aim of this review article is to report anti-Campylobacter medicinal
plants. For this purpose, the search terms consisting of Campylobacter, medicinal plants, essential
oil, extract, and traditional medicine were used to retrieve the relevant articles published in the
journals indexed in Information Sciences Institute, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar,
and Scientific Information Databases. Then, the findings of eligible articles were analyzed. According
to the analysis, 71 medicinal plants were found to exert anti-Campylobacter effect. The active compounds
of these plants are possibly nature-based antibiotic agents that are effective on Campylobacter.
If these compounds are isolated, purified, and studied in pharmaceutical investigations, they can be
used to produce nature-based, anti-Campylobacter antibiotics.
Trihaloisocyanuric Acids: Useful Reagents for Conversion of Benzaldehydes into Benzylidene Dihalides under Appel Conditions
Authors: da C. Sindra Haryadylla , dos Santos Carlos Vinícius P. , de Mattos Marcio C.S.
Published: January 2020

The reaction of substituted benzaldehydes with tribromoisocyanuric acid and triphenylphosphine
led to the corresponding benzylidene dibromides (95-99%). Similar reaction using
trichloroisocyanuric acid produced benzylidene dichlorides (38-96%).
Nutritional and Bioactive Components of Carioca Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Tempeh and Yellow Soybean (Glycine max L.) Tempeh
Authors: Bento Juliana A.C. , Bassinello Priscila Z. , Colombo Aline O. , Vital Rayane J. , Carvalho Rosângela N.
Published: January 2020

Background:

Tempeh, a product of Indonesian origin based on fermented soybeans, is
present in naturalistic diets and has been gaining popularity in other cultures and diets due to the
convenience for food preparation and use, aside from the nutritional and functional quality.

Methods:

In this work, tempehs were produced from common bean, carioca grain type (CBT) aged
and peeled, and in combination with yellow soybean (CBST: 50:50). Products were characterized
based on nutritional quality (proximate composition, fiber, mineral, vitamin B12, energetic value),
physical-chemical properties (pH, acidity, moisture, water activity), functional characteristics (antioxidant
capacity), sensorial aspects (texture and color) and antinutrient content. Data from beanbased
tempehs and the commercially purchased traditional soybean tempeh (ST) were statistically
evaluated and the means compared by Tukey test.

Results:

Although CBT was found nutritionally inferior to ST, its contribution on protein intake was
noteworthy and, unlike ST, it presented high fiber content and low caloric value. P, K, Mg, Cu and
Mo levels meet daily requirements for adults. CBT showed higher antioxidant capacity by DPPH
method and was significantly more soft and elastic and less sticky and gummy when compared to
ST, and L, a* and b* CBT color parameters were more pronounced than ST.

Conclusion:

It can thus be concluded that tempeh based on carioca common beans can be an interesting
alternative for stored grains, with good sensorial and functional properties and making an important
nutritional contribution to the diet.
A Current Review on Drug Loaded Nanofibers: Interesting and Valuable Platform for Skin Cancer Treatment
Authors: Mehan Navneet , Kumar Manish , Bhatt Shailendra , Saini Vipin
Published: January 2020

Background:

Nanofibers are used in topical medication for various skin diseases like
wound healing, skin cancer and others. Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSCs) are the most
widely distributed diseases in the world, of which 99% of people are affected by either basal
cell carcinomas (BCCs) or squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) of the skin. Skin malignancy is
caused by direct sun exposure and regular application of unsafe restorative items on the skin.

Objective :

This review presents the use of nanofibers in skin cancer treatment and advances
made in skin cancer treatment.

Methods:

There are various methods used in the production of nanofibers such as bicomponent
extrusion, phase separation, template synthesis, drawing, electrospinning, and others. Electrospinning
is the most widely used technique for nanofiber fabrication. The nanofibers are produced
in nanometer size range and mostly used in medication because of their low thickness,
large surface area per unit mass and porosity. Nanofibers are also used as drug delivery system
for sustaining the action of drugs or medicaments.

Results:

Nanofibers enhance the permeation and availability of those drugs having low bioavailability
and low permeability. Nanofibers increase the sustainability of the drugs up to 10 days.

Conclusion:

Skin cancer is the abnormal growth of skin cells in the body influencing people of
all colours and skin. In this review paper, the definition and production techniques of nanofibers
and drugs used in skin cancer treatment and the relation between skin cancer and nanofiber are
illustrated in detail. With the help of different techniques and drugs, the risk of non-melanoma
skin cancer is reduced.

Lay Summary:

The risk of skin cancer and other skin problems is increasing day by day. In a
previous study we found that the nanofibers are less used as a topical delivery system. We have
studied the nanofibers as a drug delivery system in the treatment of skin cancer by using different
drugs. According our study nanofibers are most useful in skin drug delivery and if the nanofiber,
are merging with other drug delivery system like nanoparticles, it may maximize the output
of drug into skin. The significance of this study is, to explain all information about nanofibers
in skin cancer.
CORRELATION BETWEEN PREGNANT PHYSICAL ACTIVITY WITH PREECLAMPSIA IN WORKING AREA OF TEMPUREJO PUBLIC HEALTH CENTER, JEMBER
Authors: Trisari Desi , Kurniawati Dini , Perdani Peni
Published: January 2020

Preeclampsia is one of pregnancy complication which is the biggest cause of maternal and infant mortality. The cause is not yet known but many risk factors can affect the occurrence of preeclampsia, one of which is physical activity. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between the physical activity of pregnant women with the incidence of preeclampsia in the work area Tempurejo Public Health Center, Jember. The research design used in this study was analytical-survey with a cross-sectional approach. Respondents in this study were 77 pregnant women taken by total sampling. Data collection was conducted using PPAQ (Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire) and maternal and child health book. Data analysis was performed using the chi-square test. This study found that 39 respondents (50,6%) showed good physical activity. The chi-square test showed no correlation between the physical activity of pregnant women and the incidence of preeclampsia in the work area of Tempurejo Community Health Center, Jember with the p-value 0.557 (P > Î± = 0,05). There is no difference in physical activity between preeclampsia and non-preeclampsia women because all respondents are included in the mild preeclampsia group. In mild preeclampsia, subjective symptoms are not felt by pregnant women so that some pregnant women do not limit physical activity and pregnant women who work still do work activities such as normal pregnant women. Health workers are expected to provide nursing care related to the prevention of preeclampsia way through education and routine antenatal care.
ROLE OF CULTURE TOWARDS COMMUNITY PERCEPTION ABOUT MENTAL DISORDER
Authors: Naibili Maria Julieta Esperanca , Rochmawati Erna
Published: January 2020

Mental disorders cause significant morbidity because they are accompanied by other pandemics namely stigma and discrimination. Culture forms the expression, perception and treatment preferences so that each culture has its way of explaining mental disorders based on a set of beliefs and practices in determining the cause, health assistance seeking behavior and treatment/care options based on the prevailing local belief system and norms culture that influences an individualâ€™s decision to seek and follow up on treatment and care. The objective of this study is to review the literature on the role of culture on peopleâ€™s perceptions of mental disorders. Literature used in this study were obtained from relevant databases including EBSCO, PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar / Scholar are searched using a combination of search terms â€œcultureâ€ and â€œperceptionâ€ and â€œmental illnessâ€ or â€œmental disorderâ€. Criteria for articles used are those published in 2004-2018. The results of this review include the causes of mental disorders including Divine anger, the presence of evil spirits, stress, biogenetic, psychobiological, social, air pollution. Symptoms of mental disorders in the form of changes in behavior, eccentric behavior, wandering. Treatment and care options through clinical, social intervention, and spiritual and religious healing. Community perceptions about mental disorders vary and the behavior of seeking health assistance in the community is influenced by the value system adopted. Culture influences perceptions about the causes of mental disorders, health assistance seeking behavior and treatment/care choices.
The sanctuary of Delphi in Heliodorus’ Aethiopica: Between material culture and intertextuality
Authors: Nobili Cecilia
Published: January 2020

Divine and religious elements are an important part of Greek novels. For this reason, my paper aims to investigate the description of the sanctuary of Delphi in Heliodorus’ Aethiopica by comparing it with other literary and material sources, in order to distinguish literary elements from ones more closely related to the historical reality of the Imperial age. The paper argues that Heliodorus’ reconstruction of the sanctuary is in line with contemporary material evidence, except for some aspects based on literary sources. Authors of the Classical era, such as Euripides and Pindar, are fruitfully placed alongside authors closer to Heliodorus’ age, such as Plutarch and Philostratus. This overlap reflects the discrepancy between the dramatic date of the novel (4th century BC), to which Heliodorus consistently tries to keep throughout the novel with the aid of his Classical sources, and the date of composition of the novel (4th century AD), which places it in the context of the ‘hellenization’ and ‘paganization’ promoted by Emperor Julian. The result is a dynamic and realistic reconstruction of Delphi that brings the idealized portrait of Classical Greece and its authors to life.
The Disputes between Appion and Clement in the Pseudo-Clementine Homilies: A Narrative and Rhetorical Approach to the Structure of Hom. 6
Authors: De Vos Benjamin
Published: January 2020

First and foremost, this contribution offers (1) a structural and rhetorical reading of the debates on the third day between Clement and Appion in the Pseudo-Clementine Homilies (Hom. 6) and shows that there is a well-considered rhetorical ring structure in their disputes. Connected with this first point (2), the suggested reading will unravel how Clement and Appion use and manipulate their sophisticated rhetoric, linked to this particular structure. This is well worth considering since these debates deal with Greek paideia, which means culture and above all education, of which rhetorical education forms part. The rhetorical features will be displayed as a fine product of the rhetorical and even sophistic background in Late Antiquity. Clement, moreover, will present himself as a master in rhetoric against Appion, who is presented as a sophist and grammarian in the novel. Finally (3), the focus on the narrative structure of and the rhetorical dynamics in Hom. 6. will contribute to a better understanding of these disputes between Appion and Clement (Hom. 4-6) and their function in the novel generally.
Fiscal Illusion Detection and Their Effect on Economic Growth in Sulawesi
Authors: Hapsoro Dody , Yoduke Ryfal
Published: January 2020

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to examine the existence of fiscal illusions in the form of flypaper effects and debt illusions in regional government spending and examine its effect on regional economic growth in Sulawesi. The number of samples is 78 based on the completeness criteria of data and information covered in the consolidated balance sheet of the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia. The utilized analytical tool is partial least square analysis assisted by SmartPLS 3.0 software based on the Structural Equation Model (SEM). The results of the study show that there is a fiscal illusion in the form of flypaper effects and the illusion of debt in regional government expenditure. Furthermore, the results of the study show that the existence of fiscal illusions in regional government expenditure has a positive and significant effect on regional economic growth. Keywords: Fiscal illusion detection and economic growth.Keberadaan Ilusi Fiskal dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Sulawesi Abstrak: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji keberadaan ilusi fiskal dalam bentuk flypaper effect dan ilusi hutang dalam belanja pemerintah daerah dan menguji pengaruh ilusi fiskal terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah di Sulawesi. Jumlah sampel adalah sebanyak 78 berdasarkan kriteria kelengkapan data dan informasi yang terdapat dalam neraca gabungan Kementerian Keuangan Republik Indonesia. Alat analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis parsial kuadrat terkecil dengan bantuan perangkat lunak SmartPLS 3.0 berdasarkan Structural Equation Model (SEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada ilusi fiskal dalam bentuk flypaper effect dan ilusi hutang pada belanja pemerintah daerah. Hasil penelitian selanjutnya menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan ilusi fiskal pada belanja pemerintah daerah berdampak positif dan signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah.  Kata kunci: Deteksi ilusi fiskal dan pertumbuhan ekonomi.
Temporal Pattern Detection to Predict Adverse Events in Critical Care: Case Study With Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Morid Mohammad Amin , Sheng Olivia R Liu , Del Fiol Guilherme , Facelli Julio C , Bray Bruce E , Abdelrahman Samir
Published: January 2020

Background

More than 20% of patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) develop an adverse event (AE). No previous study has leveraged patients’ data to extract the temporal features using their structural temporal patterns, that is, trends.

Objective

This study aimed to improve AE prediction methods by using structural temporal pattern detection that captures global and local temporal trends and to demonstrate these improvements in the detection of acute kidney injury (AKI).

Methods

Using the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care dataset, containing 22,542 patients, we extracted both global and local trends using structural pattern detection methods to predict AKI (ie, binary prediction). Classifiers were built on 17 input features consisting of vital signs and laboratory test results using state-of-the-art models; the optimal classifier was selected for comparisons with previous approaches. The classifier with structural pattern detection features was compared with two baseline classifiers that used different temporal feature extraction approaches commonly used in the literature: (1) symbolic temporal pattern detection, which is the most common approach for multivariate time series classification; and (2) the last recorded value before the prediction point, which is the most common approach to extract temporal data in the AKI prediction literature. Moreover, we assessed the individual contribution of global and local trends. Classifier performance was measured in terms of accuracy (primary outcome), area under the curve, and F-measure. For all experiments, we employed 20-fold cross-validation.

Results

Random forest was the best classifier using structural temporal pattern detection. The accuracy of the classifier with local and global trend features was significantly higher than that while using symbolic temporal pattern detection and the last recorded value (81.3% vs 70.6% vs 58.1%; P<.001). Excluding local or global features reduced the accuracy to 74.4% or 78.1%, respectively (P<.001).

Conclusions

Classifiers using features obtained from structural temporal pattern detection significantly improved the prediction of AKI onset in ICU patients over two baselines based on common previous approaches. The proposed method is a generalizable approach to predict AEs in critical care that may be used to help clinicians intervene in a timely manner to prevent or mitigate AEs.
Predicting Inpatient Falls Using Natural Language Processing of Nursing Records Obtained From Japanese Electronic Medical Records: Case-Control Study
Authors: Nakatani Hayao , Nakao Masatoshi , Uchiyama Hidefumi , Toyoshiba Hiroyoshi , Ochiai Chikayuki
Published: January 2020

Background

Falls in hospitals are the most common risk factor that affects the safety of inpatients and can result in severe harm. Therefore, preventing falls is one of the most important areas of risk management for health care organizations. However, existing methods for predicting falls are laborious and costly.

Objective

The objective of this study is to verify whether hospital inpatient falls can be predicted through the analysis of a single input—unstructured nursing records obtained from Japanese electronic medical records (EMRs)—using a natural language processing (NLP) algorithm and machine learning.

Methods

The nursing records of 335 fallers and 408 nonfallers for a 12-month period were extracted from the EMRs of an acute care hospital and randomly divided into a learning data set and test data set. The former data set was subjected to NLP and machine learning to extract morphemes that contributed to separating fallers from nonfallers to construct a model for predicting falls. Then, the latter data set was used to determine the predictive value of the model using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.

Results

The prediction of falls using the test data set showed high accuracy, with an area under the ROC curve, sensitivity, specificity, and odds ratio of mean 0.834 (SD 0.005), mean 0.769 (SD 0.013), mean 0.785 (SD 0.020), and mean 12.27 (SD 1.11) for five independent experiments, respectively. The morphemes incorporated into the final model included many words closely related to known risk factors for falls, such as the use of psychotropic drugs, state of consciousness, and mobility, thereby demonstrating that an NLP algorithm combined with machine learning can effectively extract risk factors for falls from nursing records.

Conclusions

We successfully established that falls among hospital inpatients can be predicted by analyzing nursing records using an NLP algorithm and machine learning. Therefore, it may be possible to develop a fall risk monitoring system that analyzes nursing records daily and alerts health care professionals when the fall risk of an inpatient is increased.
Movement-Evoked Pain Versus Pain at Rest in Postsurgical Clinical Trials and Meta-Analyses: Protocol for a Follow-Up Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Camiré Daenis , Erb Jason , Kehlet Henrik , Brennan Timothy , Gilron Ian
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND

Postoperative pain is one of the most prevalent and disabling complications of surgery that is associated with personal suffering, delayed functional recovery, prolonged hospital stay, perioperative complications, and chronic postsurgical pain. Accumulating evidence has pointed to the important distinction between pain at rest (PAR) and movement-evoked pain (MEP) after surgery. In most studies including both measures, MEP has been shown to be substantially more severe than PAR. Furthermore, as MEP is commonly experienced during normal activities (eg, breathing, coughing, and walking), it has a greater adverse functional impact than PAR. In a previous systematic review conducted in 2011, only 39% of reviewed trials included MEP as a trial outcome and 52% failed to identify the pain outcome as either PAR or MEP. Given the recent observations of postsurgical pain trials that continue to neglect the distinction between PAR and MEP, this updated review seeks to evaluate the degree of progress in this area.

OBJECTIVE

This updated review will include postsurgical clinical trials and meta-analyses in which the primary outcome was early postoperative pain intensity. The primary outcome for this review is the reporting of MEP (vs PAR) as an outcome measure for each trial and meta-analysis. Secondary outcomes include whether trials and meta-analyses distinguished between PAR and MEP.

METHODS

To be consistent with the 2011 review that we are updating, this review will again focus on randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses, from Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online and EMBASE databases, focusing on pain treatment after thoracotomy, knee arthroplasty, and hysterectomy in humans. Trials and meta-analyses will be characterized as to whether or not they assessed PAR and MEP; whether their pain outcome acknowledged the distinction between PAR and MEP; and, for trials assessing MEP, which pain-evoking maneuver(s) were used.

RESULTS

Scoping review and pilot data extraction are under way, and the results are expected by March 2020.

CONCLUSIONS

It is our belief that every postsurgical analgesic trial should include MEP as an outcome measure. The previous 2011 review was expected to have an impact on more widespread assessment of MEP in subsequent postoperative pain treatment trials. Thus, the purpose of this follow-up review is to reevaluate the frequency of use of MEP as a trial outcome, compared with PAR, in more recently published postoperative pain trials.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO CRD42019125855; https://tinyurl.com/qw9dty8

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/15309
School-Based Multicomponent Intervention to Promote Physical Activity and Reduce Sedentary Time of Disadvantaged Children Aged 6-10 Years: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Bernal Caroline Maite Marie , Lhuisset Lena , Fabre Nicolas , Bois Julien
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND

In our modern society, physical activity (PA) is decreasing and sedentary time (ST) is increasing, especially for children from disadvantaged neighborhoods. School-based interventions to promote PA and decrease ST are therefore required among this population in order to change children’s lifestyle habits. Moreover, attentional capacities and academic achievement can be enhanced by chronic PA during childhood. The relationships between these variables have been poorly studied with this population.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of this study is to present the rationale and methods for a randomized controlled trial among 6-10-year-old children with low socioeconomic status that will (1) evaluate the effectiveness of a school-based intervention designed to promote PA and reduce ST and (2) study the relationships between PA, ST, motor skills, attentional capacities, and academic achievement.

METHODS

A randomized controlled trial was conducted in 2 eligible primary schools. During academic year 2016-2017, 1 school was randomly assigned as the experiment one and the other was assigned as the control one. Five assessments times were used: baseline (T1 [November 2016] to T2 [June 2017]), follow-up (T3 [November 2017] to T4 [June 2018]), and final assessment (T5 [June 2019]). The school-based intervention included various components on different levels of the socioecological model: (1) curriculum-based program for children; (2) sensitization workshops and newsletters for parents; (3) training workshops for teachers; (4) environmental adaptation of playgrounds and reorganization of recess time; (5) time adaptation of lunch breaks; and (6) collaboration with political groups. PA, ST, motor skills, and attentional capacities were evaluated and academic achievement was recorded.

RESULTS

The presented intervention and its different assessments have been successfully implemented. In order to achieve the 2 objectives of this randomized controlled trial, data analyses are about to be completed.

CONCLUSIONS

The implementation of this randomized controlled trial can help to determine effective strategies to promote PA in the context of increasing prevalence of physical inactivity among children with sedentary lifestyle which will be useful for researchers, stakeholders, and public policy makers.

CLINICALTRIAL

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03983447; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03983447

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR1-10.2196/17815
sdv rwWFE vwVWE (Preprint)
Authors: Cairns Jr Sr Phil
Published: January 2020

UNSTRUCTURED

fwefwefwv fwwfw
SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT AND RURAL AGROPOLITAN DEVELOPMENT IN SENDANG VILLAGE OF TULUNGNAGUNG, EAST JAVA: A MULTIDIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS OF SUSTAINABILITY
Authors: Parmawati Rita
Published: January 2020

Studies on sustaniable developemnt show that agropolitan area is one of the urban development concepts that distinctivelu offers a design for sustainable developlemt for planning. The concept of agropolitan area offers a way to fill in the gap of capital flow gap between cities and villages. However, detailed analysis of the variety of sustainability is necesary to examine dimensions of sustanibility. Taking the case of an Angropolitan project in the Sendang villange of Tulungangung East Java), this study aims to identify the level of the sustainability of Agropolitan management. In assessing the level of sustainability, this study employs the method of Multidimensional Scaling (MDS). The framework of sustainable livelihoods is divided into five components of capital : human, natural, physical, financial, and social. The sustainability analysis is carried out by using the Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS) approach with Rapid Appraisal Techniques for Fisheries (Rap-fish). Based on Rapfish result, we obtain an index value of capitals : human (54.63%), natural (58,34%), financial (31.55%), physical (22.13%), and social (56.41%). Human, natural, and social capital are categorized as quite sustainable. Financial and physycal aspects appear less sustainable than other aspects. In general, the status of sustainability in the management of the Sendang Agropolitan is quite sufficient.
ESTETIKA MASKULIN DAN EKSKLUSI PEREMPUAN DALAM FILM EKO-KRITIK SEORANG KAMBING (2016)
Authors: Noviani Ratna
Published: January 2020

The eco-critical film, Seorang Kambing (Tunggung Banjaransari, 2016), is part of eco-cinema, which mainly talks about problems of water crisis throughout its narrative. Eco-cinema has not only audio-visual presentations regarding environmental issues, but also functionalizes aesthetic choices, which could encourage viewers to have mindful and critical awareness of ecological problems. This article is aimed to examine how the film narrative of Seorang Kambing reproduces gender problems around the issue of water crisis. This article uses Stella Bruzzi’s (2013) concept of masculine aethetics in the cinema and the approach of eco-feminism, which critically reveals the connections between the oppressions of the nature and those toward women. By applying narrative analysis, which is presented by Helen Fulton (2005), this article reveals that masculine aethetics are functionalized predominantly in the film to narrate the problems of water crisis. Paradoxically, Seorang Kambing, as an intended eco-critical film, seems to simply overlook the significant roles of women around the issue of water crisis. In addition, the film reproduces the exclusion of women from the discourse of water crisis.
The political discourse of Fujimori’s coup d’état
Authors: Pérez Crespo Carlos Eduardo
Published: January 2020

Peru has a long history of democracy’s breakdowns where the construction of political discourse has been very important to legitimize authoritarian measures. Therefore, this article analyzes Alberto Fujimori’s discourse in the last Peruvian coup d’état in 1992. Owing to the fact that authoritarian discourse could become legitimate once again in a future political or economic crisis in Peru, this research concludes that the Peruvian government should consider the real importance of the issue of political order in contemporary politics.
Revolution and Nation Building in France and Turkey
Authors: Dalan Mesude K.
Published: January 2020

This paper examines nation building in Turkey and France, looking particularly at the role of the military and language and education policies in national integration. After discussing definitions of ‘nation,’ and how national identity is formed, it looks at how France and Turkey each initially articulated their concepts of ‘nation’ and how each formed a clear sense of a shared national identity. It identifies the main factors that aided this process and resulted in nation building. It considers the relationship between revolution and nation building in both countries. It concludes that there is a strong relationship between nation building and the military in both France and Turkey and in addition notes the long term relationship between the two countries.
THE PREVALENCE OF DRUG–DRUG INTERACTIONS OF PRESCRIPTIONS DISPENSED IN COMMUNITY PHARMACIES IN NAJAF CITY-IRAQ
Authors: SAMER NOORI HASHIM  , MOHAMMED JAWAD SALIH AL-HAIDAREY
Published: January 2020

Objectives: The main objectives of this work were to estimate the frequency, type, and nature of possible drug–drug interactions in prescriptions dispensed from community pharmacies in Al-Najaf city, secondary objectives were the study of the association between specialty of physicians and the rate of recurrence of drug–drug interactions and to determine medication classes, which were involved in possible drug–drug interactions.

Methods: To investigate this study, 211 prescriptions dispensed in three community pharmacies in Al-Najaf city were collected and by the computerized screening program to identify drug–drug interactions.

Results: The results showed that the total number of interactions was recognized to be 41% of all prescriptions with the prevalence of major drug– drug interactions was 14%, minor was 16%, and moderate was 70%.

Conclusions: This study concluded that most identified drug–drug interactions were recognized in prescriptions written by an internal medicine specialist, orthopedics, general practitioners, an ear-nose-throat specialist, and general surgeon. The ratio of drug–drug interactions/number of prescriptions increased with increasing the number of drugs prescribed per patient (r=0.93, regression p<0.05). This study suggested that the role of the pharmacist should be moved from medication-oriented to patient-oriented, and the clinical pharmacists should have a vital function in recognizing and avoiding drug–drug interactions in prescriptions dispensed to patients.
HERBAL ACTIVE INGREDIENTS USED IN SKIN COSMETICS
Authors: RIYA ARORA  , GEETA AGGARWAL  , GITIKA ARORA DHINGRA  , MANJU NAGPAL
Published: January 2020

Human beings are obsessed with looking beautiful. Hence, various beauty products have been in use to look charming and young. Herbal ingredients are popular worldwide for use in cosmetics. The demand for herbal cosmetic is growing in the world market and is an invaluable gift of nature. Herbal skin cosmetics are formulated using different herbal active ingredients, which are further incorporated in cosmetic base to nourish and cure various skin ailments. Herbal cosmetics are natural and are found to be safe to use as compared to chemical-based cosmetics. Herbal formulations have always attracted considerable attention because they are free from all the harmful synthetic chemicals which otherwise may prove to be toxic to the skin. The bioactive ingredients from plants include antioxidants, vitamins, essential oils, tannins, alkaloids, dyes, carbohydrates, and terpenoids, which are used as cosmetics for care of skin, body, and its other parts. The herbal cosmetics which are used on a daily basis, include herbal cream, face wash, lip balm, herbal conditioners, herbal soap, and herbal shampoo. Cosmetics based on herbal ingredients possess desirable physiological activity such as smoothing appearance, healing, enhancing, and conditioning properties. The cosmetic industry is now focusing on this growing segment with an enormous scope of manifold expansion in coming years. Various herbal active ingredients which are particularly used for skincare are being discussed thoroughly in the current review.
ACTIVITY OF THE MEDICINAL PLANT PARKIA JAVANICA AGAINST NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE MULTI DRUG RESISTANT AND OTHER CLINICAL ISOLATES
Authors: JHINUK BASU MULLICK  , TAPAN MAJUMDAR  , KUDUMULA VENKATA RAMI REDDY  , SUMITA MUKHERJEE  , SAMIR KUMAR SIL
Published: January 2020

Objective: The objective of this study was to look into the in vitro activity of Parkia javanica against isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Methods: Methanolic extract of P. javanica bark (MEPJ) and organic fractionation were tested against one standard strain and 10 clinical isolates including one multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolate of N. gonorrhoeae through minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) tests.

Results: The MDR isolate, standard strain, as well as all the clinical isolates were inhibited by MEPJ as well as all the fractions except water fraction. Chloroform fraction showed the best activity with MIC and MBC values, both being 0.2 mg/ml. Ethyl acetate fraction also showed MIC value at 0.2 mg/ml; however, MBC value was at 0.3 mg/ml. MIC and MBC values of MEPJ were both 0.3 mg/ml.

Conclusion: Chloroform fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and MEPJ bark showed the lowest MIC values and can be considered as prospective candidates for the development of antigonococcal topical drugs.
COMPARATIVE PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILE AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTY OF BARK, FLOWERS AND LEAVES EXTRACTS OF SIMAROUBA GLAUCA
Authors: SAJEEDA N  , KOLGI RR  , SHIVAKUMARA SL  , SHIVARAJ Y  , KARIGAR CS
Published: January 2020

Objective: The current study was to evaluate and compare the phytochemical constituents and antioxidant activity of bark, flowers and leaves of the tree Simarouba glauca.

Methods: The solvent extraction of phytochemicals was carried out using Soxhlet apparatus with ethanol, chloroform, methanol, and water. The antioxidant property was determined by 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, hydrogen peroxide free radical scavenging, reducing power assay, and nitric oxide radical scavenging assay using gallic acid and ascorbic acid as the standards.

Results: The extraction yield was found maximum in the water extract of flower (3.7% w/w). Qualitative and quantitative analysis of phytoconstituents showed that the highest amount of alkaloids and flavonoid content (2.1% w/w) and (3.9% w/w), respectively, was in the chloroform extract of the flower. Phenol and carbohydrate constituent was found to be highest in the methanol extract of leaves 2.5% w/w and 2.2% w/w, respectively. The antioxidant assays showed that the bark possessed maximum antioxidant activity. The water extracts of S. glauca bark exhibited scavenging property (90%) with an IC50 value 39.63 μg/ml, and the least activity (56%) was observed in the methanol extracts of leaves with an IC50 value of 62.96 μg/ml of S. glauca.

Conclusion: The study concluded that the water extract of the bark is a potent antioxidant compared to leaves and flowers. Further, in vivo studies are essential to enumerate its medicinal use and prove its efficacy in therapeutic applications.
ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINAL PLANTS USED IN THE MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES IN THE URBAN AREAS OF KHURDA, ODISHA, INDIA
Authors: JIBAN MISHRA  , GYANRANJAN MAHALIK  , SAGARIKA PARIDA
Published: January 2020

Objective: The present work deals in collecting information about the medicinal plant species used for the treatment of diabetes by the traditional healers in the urban areas of Khurda districts of Odisha and identification as well as documentation of these species.

Methods: Extensive field survey was conducted in the study area; information about plants were collected from local herbal practitioners, village elders, patients, and traditional healers through normal conversations, interviews, and discussion.

Results: During survey, 40 medicinal plant species belonging to 36 genera and 25 families were identified and documented having antidiabetic activity. Most of the species were trees (47.5%) followed by shrubs (32.5%) and herbs (20%). It was observed that among all the parts, generally leaves were mostly used. During this survey work, Gymnema sylvestre paid the attention and found as the most common species used by traditional healers.

Conclusion: From the current findings, it was concluded that medicinal plants have the potential to replace the synthetic drugs which are restricted by their efficiency and side effects.
PHYTOCHEMICAL MANAGEMENT OF DIABETIC COMPLICATIONS, EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCES
Authors: REKHA BISHT
Published: January 2020

It is progressively obvious that not only is a cure for the current worldwide diabetes epidemic required but also for its major complications, affecting both small and large blood vessels. These complications occur in the majority of individuals with both Type-1 and Type-2 diabetes. Incidence and pervasiveness of diabetes mellitus are rapid becoming high in middle- and low-income countries where about 80% of people living in those countries depend on traditional medicines. Innumerable and diverse reports abound in the literature on studies conducted to investigate the ameliorative effects of medicinal plants on various pathophysiological complications of diabetes mellitus. Traditional medicines derived from medicinal plants are used by about 60% of the world’s population. Although there are various perspectives to reduce the ill effects of diabetes and its secondary complications, herbal formulations are preferred due to lesser side effects and low cost. The present review emphasizes on medicinal plants that could be beneficial for the treatment of diabetes-induced macrovascular and microvascular complications.