bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CLusters in the Uv as EngineS (CLUES). II. Subkiloparsec-scale Outflows Driven by Stellar Feedback
Authors: Sirressi Mattia , Adamo Angela , Hayes Matthew , Rivera-Thorsen Thøger Emil , Aloisi Alessandra , Bik Arjan , Calzetti Daniela , Chisholm John , Fox Andrew J. , Fumagalli Michele , Grasha Kathryn , Hernandez Svea , Messa Matteo , Osborne Shannon , Östlin Göran , Sabbi Elena , Schinnerer Eva , Smith Linda J. , Usher Christopher , Wofford Aida
Published: March 2024

We analyze the far-ultraviolet (1130−1770 Å rest frame) spectroscopy of 20 young (<50 Myr) and massive (>104
M
⊙) star clusters (YSCs) in 11 nearby star-forming galaxies. We probe the interstellar gas intervening along the line of sight, detecting several metal absorption lines of a wide range of ionization potentials, from 6.0 to 77.5 eV. Multiple-component Voigt fits to the absorption lines are used to study the kinematics of the gas. We find that nearly all targets in the sample feature gas outflowing from 30 up to 190 km s−1, often in both the neutral and ionized phases. The outflow velocities correlate with the underlying stellar population properties directly linked to the feedback: the mass of the YSCs, the photon production rate, and the instantaneous mechanical luminosity produced by stellar winds and supernovae. We detect a neutral inflow in four targets, which we interpret as likely not associated with the star cluster but tracing larger-scale gas kinematics. A comparison between the outflows’ energy and that produced by the associated young stellar populations suggests an average coupling efficiency of 10% with a broad scatter. Our results extend the relation found in previous works between galactic outflows and the host galaxy star formation rate to smaller scales, pointing toward the key role that clustered star formation and feedback play in regulating galaxy growth.
TYC 3340-2437-1: A Quadruple System with a Massive Star
Authors: Li Jiao , Liu Chao , Luo Changqing , Zhang Bo , Li Jiang-Dan , Li Jia-Dong , Han Zhan-Wen , Chen Xue-Fei , Zhang Xiao-Bin , Wang Lu-Qian , Fang Min , Xing Li-Feng , Zhang Xi-Liang , Jin Chichuan
Published: March 2024

Hierarchical massive quadruple systems are ideal laboratories for examining the theories of star formation, dynamical evolution, and stellar evolution. The successive mergers of hierarchical quadruple systems might explain the mass gap between neutron stars and black holes. Looking for light curves of O-type binaries identified by LAMOST, we find a (2+2) quadruple system: TYC 3340-2437-1, located in the stellar bow-shock nebula (SBN). It has a probability of over 99.99% being a quadruple system derived from the surface density of the vicinity stars. Its inner orbital periods are 3.390602(89) days and 2.4378(16) days, respectively, and the total mass is about (11.47 + 5.79) + (5.2 + 2.02) = 24.48 M
⊙. The line-of-sight inclinations of the inner binaries, B1 and B2, are 55.°94 and 78.°2, respectively, indicating that they are not coplanar. Based on observations spanning 34 months and the significance of the astrometric excess noise (D > 2) in Gaia Data Release 3 data, we guess that its outer orbital period might be a few years. If it were true, the quadruple system might form through the disk fragmentation mechanism with outer eccentric greater than zero. This eccentricity could be the cause of both the arc-like feature of the SBN and the noncoplanarity of the inner orbit. The outer orbital period and outer eccentric could be determined with the release of future epoch astrometric data of Gaia.
Correlating Intrinsic Stellar Parameters with Mg ii
Self-reversal Depths
Authors: Taylor Anna , Dunn Audrey , Peacock Sarah , Youngblood Allison , Redfield Seth
Published: March 2024

The Mg ii h&k emission lines (2803, 2796 Å) are a useful tool for
understanding stellar chromospheres and transition regions due to their
intrinsic brightness, relatively low interstellar medium (ISM) absorption
interference, and abundance of archival spectra available. Similar to other
optically thick chromospheric emission lines such as H i Lyα, Mg ii emissions commonly present with a
self-reversed line core, the depth and shape of which vary from star to star. We
explore the relationship between self-reversal and the stellar atmosphere by
investigating the extent to which fundamental stellar parameters affect
self-reversal. We present a search for correlations between photospheric
parameters such as effective temperature, surface gravity, and metallicity with
the Mg ii k self-reversal depth for a group of 135 FGKM main-sequence
stars with high-resolution near-ultraviolet spectra from the Hubble Space
Telescope. We modeled the observed Mg ii k line profiles to correct for
ISM attenuation and recover the depth of the emission line’s self-reversal in
relation to the intensity of the line. We used the
PHOENIX atmosphere code to homogeneously determine
the stellar parameters by computing a suite of stellar atmosphere models that
include a chromosphere and transition region, and using archival photometry to
guide the models of each star. We quantify the sensitivity of the visible and
near-infrared photometry to chromospheric and photospheric parameters. We find
weak trends between Mg ii k self-reversal depth and age, rotation
period, Mg ii luminosity, temperature, and mass. All stars in our
sample older than ∼2 Gyr or rotating slower than ∼10 days exhibit
self-reversal.
Almost Optically Dark Galaxies in DECaLS (I): Detection, Optical Properties, and Possible Origins
Authors: Du 杜 Lin 林 , Du 杜 Wei 薇 , Cheng 程 Cheng 诚 , Zhu 朱 Ming 明 , Yu 于 Haiyang 海洋 , Wu 吴 Hong 宏
Published: March 2024

We report the discovery of eight optical counterparts of ALFALFA extragalactic objects from DECaLS, five of which are discovered for the first time. These objects were flagged as H i emission sources with no optical counterparts in SDSS before. Multiband data reveal their unusual physical properties. They are faint and blue (g − r = −0.35 ∼ 0.55), with quite low surface brightness (

μ

g
,
peak

=

24.88
∼
26.41

mag

/

arcsec

2

), irregular morphologies, low stellar masses (

log

10

(

M

*

/

M

⊙

)
=
5.27
∼
7.15

), low star formation rates (SFR = 0.21 ∼ 9.24 × 10−3
M
⊙ yr−1), and remarkably high H i-to-stellar mass ratios (

log

10

(

M

HI

/

M

*

)
=
1.72
∼
3.22

, except AGC 215415). They deviate from the scaling relations between H i and optical properties defined by the ALFALFA sample and the baryonic Tully–Fisher relation. They agree well with the main sequence of star-forming galaxies but exhibit low star-forming efficiency. Based on their physical properties and environments, we speculate that six of these objects may have originated from tidal processes, while the remaining two appear to have isolated origins. They may have had a relatively calm evolutionary history and only begun to form stars recently.
SPECTRA OF ANOMALOUS COSMIC RAYS IN ATMOSPHERE. SINGLY IONIZED AND MULTIPLY CHARGED ACR COMPONENTS
Authors: Velinov Peter , Asenovski Simeon , Mateev Lachezar
Published: March 2024

The Anomalous Cosmic Ray (ACR) spectra and intensity in the middle atmosphere are determined using the CORSIMA (COsmic Ray Spectra and Intensity in Middle Atmosphere) model. ACR spectra are presented for various atmospheric altitudes within the range of 40–50 km, with the lower boundary of the ionosphere at approximately 50 km. Experimental satellite measurements are utilized for the main ACR constituents Helium and Oxygen nuclei. It is found that the influence of ACRs extends to the polar cap regions above 65°–70° geomagnetic latitude, and certain ACR ionization rate values in these regions are comparable to Galactic Cosmic Ray (GCR) ionization rates. Our studies also consider Multiply Charged Anomalous Cosmic Rays (MCACRs), which exhibit similar differential spectra to the singly ionized ACR component4.
ON THE DELAY OF THE ADDITIONAL MORTALITY LINKED TO THE GEOMAGNETIC DISTURBANCES
Authors: Georgiev Tsvetan , Simeonova Siyka , Dankova Luba
Published: March 2024

The geomagnetic disturbances, mainly geomagnetic storms (GMSs), but also low frequency resonances, touch some people susceptible to cerebrovascular diseases (CVDs). Sometimes the geomagnetic effect is overestimating speculatively. Against this concept we compare the changes of geomagnetic indexes (GMIs) with the changes of additional mortality rate (AMR). We compare by means of cross-correlation functions (CCFs) and use the Wolf number (WN) as referent time scale. We suspect that strong GMSs, like these in 2003, increase the relative common MR 3–4 years later with up to 4×10-5. Otherwise, the typical GMS linked AMR seems to be less than 10-5. Even if these values are overestimated, generally they are small. Analyzing data about Bulgaria and 5 its regions for the last solar cycles, we confirm that the lag of the maxima of the GMS linked ANR behind the WN maxima is ~5 years. We confirm also that the lag of the GMSs maxima behind the WN maximum is 1–2 years. Especially, we found that the lag of the maxima of the CVD linked AMR behind the maxima of the GMSs is 3–4 years. So, we consider the 5 years lag of the AMR linked to the GMSs behind the WN maximum appears a sum of two above mentioned delays, 1–2 years and 3–4 years. In principle, the typical duration of CVDs may be derived if the beginnings are known. In the medicine they are usually unknown. However, suspecting the GMSs as triggers of a part of the CWD linked AMR, we should suppose that these CWDs finish with lethal outcome after 3–4 years.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSES OF SECONDARY ECOLOGICAL SUCCESSION FOLLOWING WILDFIRES IN THREE DISTINCT FOREST TYPES. A STUDY CASE FROM MOGUER, SPAIN
Authors: Moni Deyan , Avetisyan Daniela
Published: March 2024

Wildfires have become increasingly prevalent and destructive in forest ecosystems worldwide, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of post-fire recovery dynamics for effective conservation and management. Remote sensing technology, coupled with vegetation indices such as Normalized Burn Ratio (NBR), Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Green Red Vegetation Index (GRVI), and Red Vegetation Index (RVI), offers a powerful means to investigate these processes. In this study, we utilize remote sensing techniques to conduct a comparative analysis of secondary ecological succession following wildfires in three distinct forest types (Coniferous, Sclerophyll and Mixed) of a forest affected by fire near Moguer, Spain. Through the acquisition and analysis of multispectral satellite imagery, we monitored changes in vegetation health and recovery across the region of interest. The NBR index allowed us to assess the severity and extent of wildfire damage, while NDVI quantified vegetation greenness and regrowth. GRVI and RVI provided insights into subtle variations in vegetation composition and health. We identified distinct temporal and spatial patterns in post-fire recovery among the different forest types by applying these indices for the period between 2017 and 2021. Our findings underscore the significance of understanding the diverse responses of these ecosystems to wildfires. While common recovery patterns emerged, such as an initial decrease in NDVI followed by regeneration, variations were observed in the timing and magnitude of recovery. These distinctions are attributed to differences in species composition, fire adaptations, and ecological processes specific to each forest type. In conclusion, the utilization of NBR, NDVI, GRVI, and RVI indices allows for a more nuanced evaluation of post-fire recovery dynamics.
INTELLIGENT MONITORING AND PROTECTION SYSTEM OF CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE BASED ON MOBILE COMMUNICATION-INFORMATION SYSTEM WITH ELEMENTS OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Hubenov Evgeni , Chiflidjanova Zoya
Published: March 2024

The paper proposes innovative modern solutions for an integrated mobile monitoring system with elements of artificial intelligence in the Internet environment based on a mobile communication-information system for collecting, aggregating, processing, and presenting in realtime streams of information objects. It presents the management of communication networks to optimize the transport and processing of information objects based on discrete-event data flow representation and modeling with a hierarchical structure. Qualitative aspects are considered for networks designed for monitoring and notification of geophysical, climatic, and other natural phenomena as well as for anthropogenic systems. A comparison of centralized and decentralized management capabilities is made, as well as the state of the art of network technologies and the possibilities for practical implementation in different network architectures.
Risk perception and entrepreneurial intention among students
Authors: Nkakene Molou Laurence
Published: March 2024

L’objectif de cet article est d’analyser comment les étudiants perçoivent le risque dans l’intention entrepreneuriale. À partir des entretiens semi-directifs conduits auprès de 29 étudiants des universités publiques au Cameroun, il ressort que les étudiants perçoivent l’entrepreneuriat comme une opportunité dans le but de répondre aux besoins d’indépendance, de réussite, de liberté financière, d’innovation, d’apprentissage. Ces étudiants perçoivent aussi l’entrepreneuriat comme un défi à cause de la difficulté d’accès au financement, de la peur de l’échec et des lourdeurs administratives. Ainsi, nous suggérons d’intégrer la pédagogie entrepreneuriale dans les programmes universitaires.
Experimentation and numerical analysis of the influence of geogrids with emulsion insertion on the behavior of bituminous pavements - Case of Ouargla aerodrome
Authors: Bazine R. , Abdessemed M. , Kenai S. , Ouadah N.
Published: March 2024

This paper presents an experimental study on a set of 30 specimens, tested on three-point bending, divided into two categories. With the insertion of geogrids and cathodic emulsions, the first category consists of 14 prismatic beams and the second of 16 pre-cracked and reinforced slab specimens. In situ tests were carried out using a heavy deflectometer (HWD) on a flexible runway of an airfield located in the city of Ouragla (800 km south-east of Algiers), before and after its reinforcement. This work showed, with a numerical calibration, that the geogrid with emulsion, improves the displacements and the stresses approximately 30% and increases the modulus of elasticity and the modulus of rupture (MOR) by 60% and 20%, respectively. The damping coefficient (k) can reach the value of 2 to 5, which increases the longevity of a reinforced flexible pavement.
Tech-Enhanced Learning
Authors: Naser Khadijeh Mohammad
Published: March 2024

The current study uses the lens of Robert Gagne’s nine events of instruction and the flipped classroom approach to construct a proposed educational module to teach the instructional technology course for preservice teachers at Al Ain University in UAE. The content was broken down into small parts and presented to students through videos and interactive learning exercises. A quasi-experiment was conducted to study the designed module’s effectiveness. The sample involved two groups of 50 female postgraduates from different fields of specialization. The experimental group students were taught through the implementation of the flipped microlearning module, while the control group was taught the same way, except that the educational content was conveyed without chunking. The researcher collected data by administering an achievement test and using the UTAUT questionnaire to determine student acceptance of the module. The result of the ANCOVA test revealed the existence of a substantial difference between the two groups, as f reached 4.427 in favor of the experimental group, with a significance level of 0.038. The questionnaire findings indicated high student acceptance of the module. The findings are of great importance for educational policy and curriculum designers and highlight the advantages of this module in enhancing student performance in different specialist fields.
The Use of Social Media to Enhance Critical Thinking in Online Learning Among Higher Education Students
Authors: Abd Halim Noor Dayana , Abdul Mutalib Massarah , Mohd Zaid Norasykin , Mokhtar Mahani , Abd. Majid Faizah , Sharil Wan Nurul Elia Haslee
Published: March 2024

In higher education, fostering critical thinking skills is crucial for students because they are among the most sought-after employability skills. Recognizing the importance of cultivating critical thinking skills among online learners, educators are exploring innovative strategies to harness the power of social media platforms to enhance students’ critical thinking abilities. Therefore, this study investigates these issues using survey methods on final-year undergraduate students from two public universities. A total of 128 students who had experiences in learning online during the pandemic have been randomly chosen. The survey includes two constructs related to social media and critical thinking during online learning. The findings show that majority students agree with the utilization of social media for their online classes. They also agree that social media can serve as a platform to discuss and collaborate for postclass sessions. Furthermore, the regression analysis illustrates demographic factors such as gender, age, and university program that significantly predicted the perception of social media for teaching and learning. However, these factors were not found to be significant predictors of the activities applied in social media to enhance students’ critical thinking. Therefore, this study conclusively demonstrates that students’ critical thinking can be elevated through the integration of social media into online learning. However, it is imperative that learning activities are meticulously designed to ensure the effectiveness of the learning process.
Explorer la répartition spatiotemporelle des piqûres de tiques sur les humains en France : la température moyenne comme indicateur du risque acarologique
Authors: Hilami Khaldoune , Godard Vincent , Noûs Camille
Published: March 2024

Parmi les maladies à transmissions vectorielles, les maladies à tiques (dont la Borréliose de Lyme) sont celles dont la fréquence des cas est en constante augmentation. L’Europe et l’Amérique du Nord sont particulièrement concernées dans les régions tempérées. Comme il existe une saisonnalité des piqûres de tiques, plus de signalement en été, moins en hiver, nous nous sommes demandés s’il existait des marqueurs climatiques permettant de connaître le début de la saison du risque acarologique pour en informer le public. Grâce à programme de sciences participatives de l’INRAe, CiTIQUE, 22 000 cas géolocalisés en France de piqûres de tiques sur des humains ont été collectés, entre juillet 2017 et avril 2020. Ces signalements ont été appairés avec les conditions météorologiques (issues des bases Météo-France et Dark Sky) qui régnaient au lieu et à la date de chacune des piqûres signalées. Parmi toutes les variables analysées, la température quotidienne moyenne est le meilleur indicateur. Mesurée lors des signalements, elle est significativement plus élevée de presque 6°C que celle du jeu de données témoin (mesure sur des semis de points aléatoirement distribués sur le territoire métropolitain). Cet écart de températures permet d’aller au-delà de la seule activité des tiques à la recherche d’un hôte (l’aléa) et d’intégrer l’enjeu humain – lorsque celui-ci est présent et suffisamment "accessible" (tenue, comportement) – pour que l’interaction transforme l’aléa en risque. Dans le cadre d’un "porter à connaissance" par les pouvoirs publics vers les citoyens qui fréquentent les espaces de nature, cet indicateur est le plus facilement manipulable parmi ceux étudiés dans cet article.
Vers une transition des systèmes agricoles en France métropolitaine ? Une géographie contrastée et en mouvement (2010 et 2020)
Authors: Bermond Michaël , Guillemin Pierre
Published: March 2024

Face aux objectifs de décarbonation de l’agriculture, de préservation de l’environnement et aux enjeux de viabilité économique et de sécurité alimentaire qui en découlent, les politiques européennes (Farm to fork) et françaises encouragent une transition en profondeur des systèmes agri-alimentaires. Dans ce contexte, la transformation des modes de production agricole devient une nécessité. Cet article présente une géographie des exploitations agricoles en transition en France métropolitaine. Il repose sur une typologie des exploitations agricoles combinant mode de production agricole (biologique ou conventionnel) et mode de commercialisation des produits (circuit court ou filière longue) à partir des données des recensements agricoles de 2010 et 2020. L’analyse propose une cartographie à échelle fine (canton INSEE) des trajectoires d’évolution sur la période 2010-2020 des agricultures en transition, ouvrant la voie à discussion sur les facteurs favorables à l’émergence certains types de transition plutôt que d’autres. Il en résulte une géographie complexe déterminée à la fois par des facteurs sectoriels (adaptation des systèmes aux conditions pédoclimatiques, politiques agricoles, poids des filières et des circuits de distribution alimentaire, histoire des systèmes de production, importance des réseaux agricoles alternatifs…) et des facteurs non sectoriels liés à l’environnement socio-résidentiel (proximité des zones urbaines, tourisme, espaces de migration résidentielle, niveau socio-économique des populations résidentes, etc.) ou à des politiques publiques locales.
Application of Bioinformatics in Cancer Prediction and Prognosis
Authors: Abdel Madjid Bekaddour
Published: March 2024

Informatics and internet technologies are becoming extremely popular in today's healthcare system. The emergence of the worldwide web has affected the way in which health-related information is distributed and accessed over cyberspace. The internet is rapidly gaining importance, not just for healthcare professionals, but also for patients, by enabling them to search for drug- and other health-related information. Bioinformatics is the combination of biology and information technology. The term bioinformatics was coined by Paulien Hogeweg in 1979 for the study of informatic processes in biotic systems. Its primary use since the late 1980s has been in genomics and genetics, particularly in those areas of genomics involving large-scale DNA sequencing.
Cancer Precision Drug Discovery Using Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Technologies
Authors: Jayaram Pratima Bichandarkoil , Namasivayam Nalini
Published: March 2024

Improved cancer treatments are widely cited as a significant unmet medical need. Recent technological developments and the increasing availability of biological “big data” provide an unprecedented opportunity to systematically classify the primary genes and pathways involved in tumorigenesis. Artificial intelligence (AI) has shown great promise in many healthcare fields, including science and chemical discovery. The AI will explore and learn more using vast volumes of aggregated data, converting this data into “usable” information. The aim is to use current computational biology and machine learning systems to predict molecular behaviour and the probability of receiving a helpful medication, thus saving time and money on unnecessary tests. Clinical trials, electronic medical records, high-resolution medical images, and genomic profiles can all be used to help with drug growth. The discoveries made with these emerging technologies have the potential to lead to innovative therapeutic approaches.
Digitalization, Robotics, and Genomic Research in Livestock Development
Authors: Inna Lozynska , Lukash Svitlana , Nataliia Maslak H. , Alina Brychko
Published: March 2024

The article explores the scientific, innovative, and technological trends of livestock development, such as digitization, robotics, and genomic research. The authors highlighted the restraining factors of the widespread introduction of digitalization and peculiarities impact of genomic research on the development of livestock products. Also they analyzed the evolution of technological stages of introduction the innovative technologies for maximum automation and robotics of all technological processes. This approach provides the farms with the necessary tools and leverage to make the decisions to improve milk quality, manage the herd, increase cow productivity, and profitability of production, outlining the overall synergistic effect.
Gene Cloning
Authors: Deka Pradip Chandra
Published: March 2024

The discovery of two naturally occurring biological molecules, plasmid DNA and restriction enzymes, with remarkable properties have made possible the development of methods to isolate and manipulate specific DNA fragments. Through this technology, a DNA fragment, even an entire gene and its controlling elements, can be isolated and rejoined with a plasmid or phage DNA, and the hybrid DNA molecule can be inserted into a bacterium. The foreign DNA insert can be multiplied inside the bacterial host and induced to express or synthesize the protein product of the foreign DNA. The entire process through which this can be achieved is called recombinant DNA technology or genetic engineering. The recombinant DNA technology has been extended to animal and plant cells. In this chapter, methods for isolation, modification, rejoining and replication of genomic DNA, and production of new or enhanced protein products within a host cell have been described.
Metagenomic Analysis of Freshwater Bacterial and Viral Biodiversity Using Shotgun Sequencing
Authors: Jayasingh Immanuel Suresh , Lakshimi V Iswareya
Published: March 2024

The metagenomic analysis is used to investigate complex microbial communities directly from the environment, without culturing or isolating organisms. It is used to identify taxonomic diversity and functional metagenomics. Shotgun metagenomic sequencing is an environmental sequencing approach that can examine thousands of organisms simultaneously and comprehensively for community function and biodiversity. It also detects the low abundance members of microbial communities. It is advantageous over 16S sequencing as it has the cross-domain coverage, greater taxonomy resolution, and functional profiling. Several studies have been carried out using the shotgun sequencing metagenomic analysis to explore the freshwater diversity especially bacterial and viral diversity in different regions. Freshwater metagenomic analysis shows the presence of unknown single-stranded DNA in arctic freshwater, an abundance of actinobacterial in Japan lakes, Virophage and Mimiviridae community in Canadian freshwater. Metagenomic analysis of Himalayan freshwater lake was conducted using non-chimeric sequence.
Analysis on the Coupling Coordinative Development Mechanism of Ecological Environment and Logistics Service Trade
Authors: Zhang Jijun , Zang Peng
Published: March 2024

This article first takes the “logistics-ecological environment” composite system as the research object, constructs the order parameter index system of the logistics subsystem and the ecological environment subsystem of the scientific system, and establishes the order degree model of the subsystem and the composite system coupling coordination degree model. Then, this paper conducts an empirical study based on the historical data of Province X from 2008 to 2020, calculates the degree of order of the logistics subsystem and the ecological environment subsystem and the coordination degree of the composite system, and analyzes the coupling and coordinated development mechanism of the province's ecological environment and logistics service trade. The results show that the order of the province's logistics subsystem and the ecological environment subsystem and the degree of coupling and coordination of the “logistics-ecological environment” composite system both show a continuous growth trend.
Assessing the Effectiveness of Textual Recommendations in KoopaML
Authors: Antúnez-Muiños Pablo , Pérez-Sánchez Pablo , Vázquez-Ingelmo Andrea , García-Peñalvo Francisco José , Sánchez-Puente Antonio , Vicente-Palacios Víctor , García-Holgado Alicia , Dorado-Díaz P. Ignacio , Sampedro-Gómez Jesús , Cruz-González Ignacio , Sánchez Pedro L.
Published: March 2024

Artificial intelligence (AI) integration, notably in healthcare, has been significant, yet effective implementation in critical areas requires expertise. KoopaML, a previously developed visual platform, aims at bridging this gap, enabling users with limited AI knowledge to build ML pipelines. Its core is a heuristic-based ML task recommender, offering guidance and contextual explanations. The authors compared the use of KoopaML with two non-expert groups: one with the recommender system enabled and the other without. Results showed KoopaML's intuitiveness benefits all but emphasized that textual guidance doesn't substitute for fundamental ML understanding. This underscores the need for educational components in such tools, especially in critical fields like healthcare. The paper suggests future KoopaML enhancements include educational modules, making ML accessible, and ensuring users develop a solid AI foundation. This is crucial for quality outcomes in sectors like healthcare, leveraging AI's potential through enhanced non-expert user capability.
Inheritance of Intangible Culture Based on Wireless Communication Network in College Dance Teaching
Authors: Meng Hui , Ma Li , Su Lei , Lu Bei , Hou Di , Du Xiaowei
Published: March 2024

Intangible cultural heritage is an important part of Chinese excellent traditional culture, and college dance teaching is paid more attention by researchers of physical education and computer technology. In order to help the inheritance and development of non-legacy culture in college dance teaching, this paper analyzes the influencing factors of wireless communication network in college dance teaching, constructs an interactive platform for non-legacy digital dance teaching based on wireless communication network technology, and applies it in the dance teaching process of a university in Henan province to highlight the role of wireless communication technology in dance teaching. The results show that the interactive platform can effectively reduce teachers' physical energy consumption and has certain reliability and practicality. Through artificial intelligence algorithm, the traditional dance teaching method has been changed, and a new exploration of non-legacy dance teaching has been realized.
Collaborative Application of Deep Learning Models for Enhanced Accuracy and Prediction in Carbon Neutrality Anomaly Detection
Authors: Wang Yi , Wang Tianyu , Wang Wanyu , Hou Yiru
Published: March 2024

In the face of intensifying global climate change, carbon neutrality has emerged as a pivotal strategy to curb greenhouse gas emissions and confront the complexities associated with climate challenges. However, achieving carbon neutrality poses a formidable challenge: the identification and mitigation of anomalies within the carbon sequestration process. These anomalies can result in unintended carbon dioxide leakage, emissions, or system failures, thus jeopardizing the feasibility and resilience of carbon neutrality initiatives. This research introduces the ResNet-BIGRU-TPA network, an innovative model that integrates deep learning techniques with time series attention mechanisms. The primary focus centers on addressing the intricate task of anomaly detection within the realm of carbon offsetting, specifically aiming to enhance precision in identifying a wide array of complex anomalous events. Through rigorous experimental validation across four diverse datasets, the model has exhibited exceptional performance.
Computational Evaluation of Weaving Process on Mechanical Stiffness of Plain Weave Fabric
Authors: Zhang Yue , Miyaki Hikaru , Zhang Jianliang , Sakuma Atsushi
Published: March 2024

Inherent structural stress in a plain weave is induced during the formation process of fabrics, and its evaluation is useful for estimating the mechanical stiffness of weaves. In this study, the effect of inherent stress distributed in a weave fabric was investigated to estimate its mechanical stiffness. Here, a numerical simulation method that imitates the fabrication process of fabrics is proposed to evaluate stiffness. A diagram illustrating the weaving process is defined in this evaluation method. For computational analysis, a unit cell model used in homogenization was developed based on the structural periodicity of the plain weave structure using the finite element method. The weaving state was accomplished by simulating the weaving behavior in this model. The weaving state included the geometric shape and stress/strain data. Subsequently, a model was built to estimate the mechanical stiffness based on the weaving state data. Finally, a uniaxial tensile simulation was conducted using the numerical model. Using this evaluation method, the effect of inherent stress on the mechanical stiffness of weaves was quantified, which indicated that the tensile stiffness improved in a small strain range. The effect gradually decreased as the tension progressed.
Silica-Containing Phosphorus-Based Sol-Gel Finishing to Improve Flame Retardant Performance of Cotton Fabrics
Authors: Trovato Valentina , Iacono Giuseppina , Malucelli Giulio , Rosace Giuseppe
Published: March 2024

In this paper, the sol-gel technique was used to design hybrid phosphorus-doped silica structures for improving the thermal stability and flame retardancy of cotton fabrics. To this aim, diethylphosphatoethyltriethoxysilane (DPTS) was employed as phosphate alkoxysilane in a multistep procedure that involved multiple layers (from 1 to 6) depositions. The multi-layer coatings were applied by padding using sols containing appropriate molar ratios of the precursor, anhydrous ethanol, catalyst, and hydrochloric acid. Moreover, the synergism P-N on flame retardancy of cotton was assessed by introducing 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) as an N-donor precursor in DPTS sols. The effects of the catalyst during the alkoxide reaction and the silica amount applied by sol-gel treatment on the thermo-oxidative behavior of the treated fabrics were deeply studied. The creation of the silica skeleton on the cotton surface and the interactions between the cellulosic fibres and the doped layer were investigated using FT-IR ATR spectroscopy. Moreover, thermal and thermo-oxidative stability, flammability properties, and combustion behavior of the sol-gel treated cotton fabrics were also studied, proving the effectiveness of the sol-gel coating in the fire protection of the cellulosic substrate.
Commercialisation dynamics system principles and support units of entrepreneurial universities
Authors: Khumalo Sithembiso , Du Plessis Tanya
Published: March 2024

Background: The Fourth Industrial Revolution has given rise to the demand for universities to produce knowledge and innovation. Universities play a significant role in equipping students with skills and knowledge conducive for commercialisation of innovation (CoI). This investigation addressed the commercialisation dynamics research gap of entrepreneurial universities.Objectives: To investigate commercialisation dynamics of a strategic information management (SIM) system to facilitate the CoI process of an entrepreneurial university.Method: This paper presents the qualitative component of a larger mixed method complex action research strategy. Data were collected through an in-depth face-to-face interview and analysed through descriptive content analysis.Results: The results highlight successful CoI practices fulfilled through the signification framework for the SIM system for commercialisation dynamics of entrepreneurial universities. The system is based on various components deemed suitable for commercialisation.Conclusion: This study has the potential to guide the University of Johannesburg (UJ), as well as other higher education institutions (HEIs) and institutions involved in entrepreneurship, innovation, and commercialisation, in creating an entrepreneurial environment for their innovators. Furthermore, this study can guide students, entrepreneurs, inventors, and innovators in terms of the process to follow to commercialise their business ideas, inventions, and innovation.Contribution: The SIM system incorporates dynamic system principles with intervention benchmarks and has intervention keys that will provide innovators with the safety net that will assist them in converting their ideas into commercialised products and services.
Psychiatric Morbidity Among Convicted Prisoners: An Analysis of Personality Correlates
Authors: Chahal Savita , Singh Priti , Gupta Rajiv , Prasad Shobhit Kumar , Karahda Aarti
Published: March 2024

Context:

Personality traits influence one’s behavior and are an important determinant of psychological well-being. Though personality traits influencing criminal behavior have been well researched, the influence of these personality traits on the mental health of prisoners still needs to be studied.

Aims:

The current study was undertaken with the aim to compare the personality traits of convicted prisoners with and without psychiatric morbidity.

Settings and Design:

Two hundred convicted prisoners were administered a semi-structured questionnaire assessing sociodemographic and criminological variables and their personality characteristics were assessed using the Hindi PEN inventory.

Subjects and Methods:

They were categorized into two groups, i.e., with and without psychiatric morbidity based on whether or not they had any psychiatric disorder when assessed using mini-international neuropsychiatric interview and their personality characteristics were compared.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Frequencies with percentages, mean, and standard deviations were calculated for descriptive statistics using SPSS Version 20 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). Mann–Whitney test was used for comparing two samples and Kruskal–Wallis one-way analysis of variance by ranks was used for comparing more than two samples. Spearman rank correlation was used for assessing the correlation between two variables. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05.

Results:

Convicts with psychiatric disorders scored significantly higher on neuroticism (10.78 ± 3.51) and psychoticism (8.64 ± 2.93) dimensions of personality as compared to their counterparts without psychiatric morbidity who had significantly higher scores on Extraversion (12.35 ± 2.92) (P < 0.01). Male convicts had significantly higher scores on the extraversion dimension of personality (10.79 ± 3.77) compared to their female counterparts (9.27 ± 3.49; P < 0.01) There was a significant negative correlation between extraversion and neuroticism (=−0.509), extraversion and psychoticism (=−0.355) and a high positive relationship between neuroticism and psychoticism (=0.634).

Conclusions:

A baseline personality assessment of prisoners at the time of intake into jail is strongly recommended to identify those with high vulnerability to develop psychiatric problems so that effective and timely interventions can be planned.
Coping Patterns and Psychosocial Distress in Hemophilia Patients: A Cross-sectional Study from South Gujarat, India
Authors: Bardolia Dhruv Devendra , Mehta Ritambhara Yeshwant , Dave Kamlesh Rushikray , Nemlekar Saumitra S.
Published: March 2024

Introduction:

Hemophilia is hereditary genetic disorder with defects in normal blood clotting mechanisms. It is characterized by a chronic course requiring lifelong treatment. Persons with hemophilia (PWH) are known to have significant stress due to socio-occupational impairments caused due to the illness. It affects the treatment outcomes adversely. There are few studies from India that have looked at the factors and prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities in this population.

Aim:

To study coping patterns, perceived stress, anxiety, and depression profiles in adult patients of hemophilia.

Materials and Methods:

A purposive sample of 52 PWH was collected. We used a semi-structured questionnaire to obtain demographic data, illness profiles, and experience of complications and concerns of the participants. Scales used were Beck’s depression inventory, Anxiety scale, Holmes and Rahe Social Readjustment Rating Scale scale, and COPE questionnaire.

Results:

About 41% of the individuals had depression and 26.92% of individuals had trait anxiety. The state-dependent anxiety was seen in 69%. About 50% were found to be susceptible to stress-related illness. The adaptive coping style, namely, problem-focused coping, was associated with lower scores on the screening instruments. The presence of certain complications was associated with higher use of maladaptive coping strategies like the use of emotion and avoidance-focused coping.

Conclusions:

Considering the impact and morbidity, screening for psychological distress and analysis of coping styles of PWH should be a part of routine care.
Are We Missing Early-onset Frontotemporal Dementia as Late-onset Primary Psychiatric Disorder? A Case Series
Authors: Kulkarni Ranganath R. , Pai R. Shantheri , Pandurangi Swapna A , Kalachari Manjunath B.
Published: March 2024

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) presents with a wide variability in clinical progressive syndromes, genetic etiologies, and underlying pathologies. Early diagnosis of combined features of behavioral and language variants of FTD poses a clinical challenge due to its complex heterogeneous clinical presentations, phenotypical overlap, and frequent normal neuroimaging during the initial phase. This masquerading nature has often led to unintended “misdiagnoses,” as typical dementia features evolve late. The enigmatic resemblance of early-onset (<65 years of age) FTD with a range of late-onset (>45 years of age) primary psychiatric disorders emphasizes the need for high index of clinical suspicion, thorough family history for neurocognitive disorders, and regular follow-up of such individuals. We describe the clinical profile and management of four cases of combined variant FTD (cvFTD) that clinically mimicked late-onset psychiatric disorders such as catatonia, depressive disorder, psychosis, and personality changes. Parkinsonian-like features and mid-brain atrophy in FTD may indicate phenotypical overlap and shared neuropathology with progressive supranuclear palsy.
Acceptance and Commitment Therapy in Managing Interference of Hallucinations
Authors: Kashyap Archana , Gupta Aarzoo , Sidana Ajeet
Published: March 2024

Schizophrenia is a disorder of thought and perception characterized by positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms; delusions, hallucinations, and negative symptoms are identified as the most common causes of suffering in schizophrenia. Multiple treatment approaches have aimed to deal with symptoms and disabilities caused by schizophrenia. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) illuminates focusing on valued living without centering on symptoms, and alternately, it changes how an individual relates to his thoughts or feelings through awareness and increased psychological flexibility resulting in treatment outcomes. A 29-year-old graduate male have known schizophrenia since 2011, manifested decreased sleep, suspiciousness, the delusion of reference, thought broadcasting, and second, and third-person auditory hallucinations. A total of 30 sessions were taken in a span of 30–34 months that reduced the impact of hallucinations and resulted in significant improvement in personal and socio occupational functioning. His emotional insight helps him to set his goals and develop a plan to work toward them. ACT dissemination, in this case report, described how maximized attention on valued living elbowed the symptoms, reducing its role in day-to-day information processing and responding to the stimulus.
Management of Esophageal Perforation in an Elderly Woman
Authors: Kannan Deepak , Natarajan Kartik , Kumar Aishwarya Mahesh , Paramasivan Piramanayagam
Published: March 2024

Esophageal perforation is a feared complication of therapeutic esophageal procedures. It is known to occur in 50% of cases following therapeutic esophageal procedure. Esophageal perforation is associated with increased morbidity and mortality owing to difficulties in accessing the esophagus, the weak serosal layer, the peculiar blood supply of the organ, and its proximity to vital structures. We report the management of iatrogenic esophageal perforation following stricture dilatation in an elderly woman with a history of esophageal carcinoma. The patient was managed with stenting of the esophagus and parenteral nutrition. Thus, immediate identification and prompt management of iatrogenic esophageal perforation may reduce further complications.
An “Adult” with Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease: A Roller Coaster Ride to a Clinical Diagnosis
Authors: Reddy Santhan , Kondari Sundeep , Seetharaman Keerthivasan , Venkataraman Jayanthi
Published: March 2024

We present a young male being treated as an idiopathic chronic kidney disease on dialysis for 10 years with splenomegaly. Further workup and retrospective historical details confirmed the diagnosis of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease and coexisting Caroli’s syndrome. The case is being presented for its rarity and glitches encountered during its workup.
The Role of Attorney’s Request as a Communication Instrument in Advocacy
Authors: Inshyn Mykola , Shchokin Rostyslav , Semenets-Orlova Inna , Kravchenko Olha , Barsuk Maryna
Published: March 2024

Background:

The analysis of communication tools used in advocacy is currently a topical research problem in the context of dynamic information communication in the sociopolitical space.

Aims and Objectives:

The aim of the study was to analyze the attorney’s request as a means of obtaining information by attorneys to carry out their professional activity.

Materials and Methods:

The research was conducted with the help of numerous methods, the method of expert interviews being the leading one. It was used to single out the procedural characteristics and prospects of the attorney’s request in presentday Ukraine.

Results:

Attention is drawn to a number of issues that complicate the process of submitting attorney’s request and a proper use of this mechanism and procedure by an attorney. The ratification of the EU-Ukraine Association Agreement opens up new prospects not only for Ukrainian and European producers but also provides for interesting objectives for attorneys to consult the private sector in the process of building new markets.

Conclusion:

In this article, it was suggested to compare and analyze the issue of the attorney’s request in Ukrainian and Polish legal framework. As a result of the research, problems were identified, and proposals were made for a simplified procedure for submitting an attorney’s request as a communication instrument in advocacy.
Determining the Checkpoint of Transition from Thin to Thick Periodontal Phenotypes in the Maxillary and Mandibular Anterior Regions of South Indian Population
Authors: Pasupuleti Mohan Kumar , Chowdary G Rasagna , Penmetsa Gautami S. , Bypalli Vivek , Konathala Ramesh S. V. , Gottumukkala Sruthima N. V. S.
Published: March 2024

Aim:

The aim of this study was to compare and investigate the tissue thickness at the maxillary and mandibular central incisors utilizing the probe visibility method and traditional way of measuring gingival thickness (GT) by endodontic files.

Methodology:

In 200 selected patients, the GT was measured at both the maxillary and mandibular anterior using an endodontic file after local infiltration at the mid-distance from the gingival margin to the mucogingival junction. The checkpoint of transition from thin to thick periodontal phenotype was determined by probe visibility method in the following age groups: Group A: 21–30 years; Group B: 31–40 years; Group C: 41–50 years; and Group D: 51–60 years.

Results:

GT varied from 0.3 to 1.9 mm. Gingival translucency was observed up to the thickness of 0.7 mm. At 0.8 mm of GT, there was no probe visibility.

Conclusion:

According to the present research, the gingiva appears transparent up to a thickness of around 0.7 mm. The checkpoint of transition between thin and thick periodontal phenotypes at both the maxillary and mandibular anterior was associated with a GT of 0.8 mm.