bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Daylight enhancement using laser cut panels integrated with a profiled Fresnel collector
Authors: Nair MG , Ganesan AR , Ramamurthy K
Published: October 2014

Performance of conventional vertical light pipes with acrylic domes is highly dependent on the solar altitude since for lower solar elevation the acceptance angle is limited due to the small inlet aperture. A profiled Fresnel collector with a multi-lens system is useful in enhancing light in a light pipe at low solar altitudes but suffers losses due to multiple reflections during transmission. In this paper we show that further enhancement of light during the morning and evening hours is possible by using a profiled Fresnel collector integrated with graded laser cut panels, i.e. laser cut panels with bands of varying depth to width ratio that can redirect low altitude sun rays axially down the light pipe. The effect of various depths to width ratios of the laser cut panel with respect to variation in incident light on the performance of a light pipe is also presented in this paper. The graded laser cut panel performed better than other laser cut panels. Optimum tilts of the laser cut panel at which maximum light is deflected for various incident angles of the source were identified. Maximum light output for the graded laser cut panel was for lower incidence of solar altitude angle. The graded/profiled laser cut panel was integrated with Fresnel north and south facing collectors and the performance was assessed in daylight. Good redirection of light was observed for the Fresnel collector in the morning and evening hours when compared to a light pipe with an acrylic dome or a Fresnel collector without a laser cut panel. The light is redirected more parallel to the axis of the pipe thus minimizing the reflections on the internal lining and thereby increasing the performance of the light pipe.
Virtually anonymous: Does the absence of social cues alter perceptions of emergent leader behaviors?
Authors: Lynn Shollen S , Cryss Brunner C
Published: October 2014

This qualitative study examined the impact of the absence of social cues on perceptions of emergent leader behaviors in a highly anonymous virtual context. Participants were 149 students engaged in a distinct leadership-preparation process with identity fully hidden. Positively influential behaviors included specific types of contributions, task-focused behaviors, positive interaction style, and at times high participation rate. Excessive or minimal task focus and negative interaction style were perceived as negative influence. Further, emergent leaders often enacted behaviors in combination to achieve influence. Explicit assumptions about and references to social cues were absent in responses, suggesting that under highly anonymous conditions, we can get a less contaminated view of leader behaviors. The findings indicate that some existing leader behavior theories may be unbiased by social status, and also suggest that contextual nuances such as degrees of anonymity and availability of social cues are relevant for perceptions and practice of emergent leader behaviors.
Facing the Chop: Redefining British Antler Mattocks to Consider Larger-Scale Maritime Networks in the Early Fifth Millennium Cal BC
Authors: Elliott Benjamin
Published: October 2014

This paper provides a critical review of Smith's (1989) typological discussion of the antler ‘mattocks’ of the British Mesolithic. The evidence for use of the term ‘mattock’ is assessed in relation to a new technological analysis of antler tools from Britain. In the light of the data presented here and developments in the study of Mesolithic osseous technologies from elsewhere in northwest Europe, a redefinition of the terminology and typology used to study these artefacts is presented. The potential for this redefinition to shape research across Mesolithic Europe is demonstrated through a discussion of the earliest occurrence of antler T-axes around the North Sea basin.
Sickle cell disease increases high mobility group box 1: a novel mechanism of inflammation
Authors: Xu Hao , Wandersee Nancy J. , Guo YiHe , Jones Deron W. , Holzhauer Sandra L. , Hanson Madelyn S. , Machogu Evans , Brousseau David C. , Hogg Neil , Densmore John C. , Kaul Sushma , Hillery Cheryl A. , Pritchard Kirkwood A.
Published: October 2014

Key Points

SCD increases release of HMGB1. HMGB1 plays a major role in increasing TLR4 activity in SCD.
Evaluation of a minimal sedation protocol using ICU sedative consumption as a monitoring tool: a quality improvement multicenter project
Authors: Ranzani Otavio T , Simpson Evelyn Senna , Augusto Talita Barbosa , Cappi Sylas Bezerra , Noritomi Danilo Teixeira
Published: October 2014

Introduction

Oversedation frequently occurs in ICUs. We aimed to evaluate a minimal sedation policy, using sedative consumption as a monitoring tool, in a network of ICUs targeting decrement of oversedation and mechanical ventilation (MV) duration.

Methods

A prospective quality improvement project was conducted in ten ICUs within a network of nonteaching hospitals in Brazil during a 2-year period (2010 to 2012). In the first 12 months (the preintervention period), we conducted an audit to identify sedation practice and barriers to current guideline-based practice regarding sedation. In the postintervention period, we implemented a multifaceted program, including multidisciplinary daily rounds, and monthly audits focusing on sedative consumption, feedback and benchmarking purposes. To analyze the effect of the campaign, we fit an interrupted time series (ITS). To account for variability among the network ICUs, we fit a hierarchical model.

Results

During the study period, 21% of patients received MV (4,851/22,963). In the postintervention period, the length of MV was lower (3.91 ± 6.2 days versus 3.15 ± 4.6 days; mean difference, -0.76 (95% CI, -1.10; -0.43), P <0.001) and 28 ventilator-free days were higher (16.07 ± 12.2 days versus 18.33 ± 11.6 days; mean difference, 2.30 (95% CI, 1.57; 3.00), P <0.001) than in the preintervention period. Midazolam consumption (in milligrams per day of MV) decreased from 329 ± 70 mg/day to 163 ± 115 mg/day (mean difference, -167 (95% CI, -246; -87), P <0.001). In contrast, consumption of propofol (P = 0.007), dexmedetomidine (P = 0.017) and haloperidol (P = 0.002) increased in the postintervention period, without changes in the consumption of fentanyl. Through ITS, age (P = 0.574) and Simplified Acute Physiology Score III (P = 0.176) remained stable. The length of MV showed a secular effect (secular trend β1β=-0.055, P = 0.012) and a strong decrease immediately after the intervention (intervention β2 = -0.976, P <0.001). The impact was maintained over the course of one year, despite the waning trend for the intervention’s effect (postintervention trend β3 = 0.039, P = 0.095).

Conclusions

By using a light sedation policy in a group of nonteaching hospitals, we reproduced the benefits that have previously been demonstrated in controlled settings. Furthermore, systematic monitoring of sedative consumption should be a feasible instrument for supporting the implementation of a protocol on a large scale.
Rapid Induction of COOLing in Stroke Patients (iCOOL1): a randomised pilot study comparing cold infusions with nasopharyngeal cooling
Authors: Poli Sven , Purrucker Jan , Priglinger Miriam , Ebner Matthias , Sykora Marek , Diedler Jennifer , Bulut Cem , Popp Erik , Rupp André , Hametner Christian
Published: October 2014

Introduction

Induction methods for therapeutic cooling are under investigated. We compared the effectiveness and safety of cold infusions (CI) and nasopharyngeal cooling (NPC) for cooling induction in stroke patients.

Methods

A prospective, open-label, randomised (1:1), single-centre pilot trial with partially blinded safety endpoint assessment was conducted at the neurointensive care unit of Heidelberg University. Intubated stroke patients with an indication for therapeutic cooling and an intracranial pressure (ICP)/temperature brain probe were randomly assigned to CI (4°C, 2L at 4L/h) or NPC (60L/min for 1 h). Previous data suggested a maximum decrease of tympanic temperature for CI (2.1L within 35 min) after 52 min. Therefore the study period was 1 hour (15 min subperiods I-IV). The brain temperature course was the primary endpoint. Secondary measures included continuous monitoring of neurovital parameters and extracerebral temperatures. Statistical analysis based on repeated-measures analysis of variance.

Results

Of 221 patients screened, 20 were randomized within 5 months. Infusion time of 2L CI was 33 ± 4 min in 10 patients and 10 patients received NPC for 60 min. During active treatment (first 30 min), brain temperature decreased faster with CI than during NPC (I: -0.31 ± 0.2 versus -0.12 ± 0.1°C, P = 0.008; II: -1.0 ± 0.3 versus -0.49 ± 0.3°C, P = 0.001). In the CI-group, after the infusion was finished, the intervention no longer decreased brain temperature, which increased after 3.5 ± 3.3 min. Oesophageal temperature correlated best with brain temperature during CI and NPC. Tympanic temperature reacted similarly to relative changes of brain temperature during CI, but absolute values slightly differed. CI provoked three severe adverse events during subperiods II-IV (two systolic arterial pressure (SAP), one shivering) compared with four in the NPC-group, all during subperiod I (three SAP, one ICP). Classified as possibly intervention-related, two cases of ventilator failure occurred during NPC.

Conclusions

In intubated stroke patients, brain cooling is faster during CI than during NPC. Importantly, contrary to previous expectations, brain cooling stopped soon after CI cessation. Oesophageal but neither bladder nor rectal temperature is suited as surrogate for brain temperature during CI and NPC. Several severe adverse events in CI and in NPC demand further studying of safety.

Trial registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01573117. Registered 31 March 2012
Evolution of insulin sensitivity and its variability in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients treated with hypothermia
Authors: Sah Pri Azurahisham , Chase J Geoffrey , Pretty Christopher G , Shaw Geoffrey M , Preiser Jean-Charles , Vincent Jean-Louis , Oddo Mauro , Taccone Fabio S , Penning Sophie , Desaive Thomas
Published: October 2014

Introduction

Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is often used to treat out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients who also often simultaneously receive insulin for stress-induced hyperglycaemia. However, the impact of TH on systemic metabolism and insulin resistance in critical illness is unknown. This study analyses the impact of TH on metabolism, including the evolution of insulin sensitivity (SI) and its variability, in patients with coma after OHCA.

Methods

This study uses a clinically validated, model-based measure of SI. Insulin sensitivity was identified hourly using retrospective data from 200 post-cardiac arrest patients (8,522 hours) treated with TH, shortly after admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). Blood glucose and body temperature readings were taken every one to two hours. Data were divided into three periods: 1) cool (T <35°C); 2) an idle period of two hours as normothermia was re-established; and 3) warm (T >37°C). A maximum of 24 hours each for the cool and warm periods was considered. The impact of each condition on SI is analysed per cohort and per patient for both level and hour-to-hour variability, between periods and in six-hour blocks.

Results

Cohort and per-patient median SI levels increase consistently by 35% to 70% and 26% to 59% (P <0.001) respectively from cool to warm. Conversely, cohort and per-patient SI variability decreased by 11.1% to 33.6% (P <0.001) for the first 12 hours of treatment. However, SI variability increases between the 18th and 30th hours over the cool to warm transition, before continuing to decrease afterward.

Conclusions

OCHA patients treated with TH have significantly lower and more variable SI during the cool period, compared to the later warm period. As treatment continues, SI level rises, and variability decreases consistently except for a large, significant increase during the cool to warm transition. These results demonstrate increased resistance to insulin during mild induced hypothermia. Our study might have important implications for glycaemic control during targeted temperature management.
Hyperspectral imaging, spectrofluorimetry, FORS and XRF for the non-invasive study of medieval miniatures materials
Authors: Mounier Aurélie , Le Bourdon Gwénaëlle , Aupetit Christian , Belin Colette , Servant Laurent , Lazare Sylvain , Lefrais Yannick , Daniel Floréal
Published: October 2014

Background

Illuminated manuscripts are complex multi-layer and multi-material objects. To this difficulty, from the analytical point of view, is added the impossibility of removing samples from these paintings for the study of their materials and techniques. There are relatively few analytical methods that satisfy these constraints as the availability of non-invasive techniques adapted to painted manuscripts is limited and mainly focused on the characterization of inorganic compounds. In the context of a research project on the analytical study of the forty miniatures in the Marcadé collection (Treasury of the Saint-André Cathedral of Bordeaux, XIII to XVI century), the potential of two non-invasive methods, hyperspectral imaging (HSI) and spectrofluorimetry is explored.

Results

The methodological development of these techniques as well as preliminary tests on miniatures recreated according to medieval recipes and materials, allowed the validation of the analytical parameters and the creation of a database of reference spectra (parchments, pigments, binders). Hyperspectral imaging associates reflectance spectra with each pixel of the image and treats the signal received in various wavelengths. The characteristics of the spectral signal in VIS range or NIR are used to get an identification and a localization of the components. It allows the study of the entire image and offers lots of ways to work: comparison of spectra, mapping, principal component analyses and false color images. Spectrofluorimetry is a sensitive method which gives information on fluorescent organic compounds under UV or visible light. Emission and excitation spectra of five red pigments in binding media have been collected. These methods were compared with X-ray fluorescence spectrometry for the qualitative analysis and mapping of the inorganic elements in a facsimile which had been purposely reproduced by an illumination painter who worked with original medieval recipes for the sake of developing the present study.

Conclusions

The combination of all these techniques allows good identification of all the materials used on an illuminated manuscript. The pertinent selection of the wavelengths used with the HSI system and a preliminary database and study of materials under UV and white light is described in this paper.
Canonizing Homophile Sexual Respectability
Authors: Stein Marc
Published: October 2014

This essay considers the archival practices, historiographic habits, and political orientations that might explain the resistance to or rejection of the notion that sex radicalism, defined broadly to include various challenges to sexual respectability, was an important component of US homophile activism in the 1950s and 1960s. In particular, the essay asks why important historical and archival projects, including the early work of Jonathan Ned Katz and John D'Emilio and the recent EBSCO LGBT Life digitized database, have paid little attention to Drum, a widely circulating homophile movement periodical that promoted gay sexual liberation, and instead have highlighted the significance of more respectable periodicals such as ONE, Mattachine Review, and the Ladder. In exposing the historical erasure of North America's most popular homophile movement periodical of the 1960s, this essay suggests new ways of thinking about gay and lesbian history, queer memory, and sexual archives.
The “Stuff” of Archives
Authors: Manalansan Martin F.
Published: October 2014

Scholars such as Anjali Arondekar, Antoinette Burton, and Ann Cvetkovich have suggested that the archive is a space for dwelling and a quotidian site for erotically charged energies, meanings, and other bodily processes. Following and extending these ideas, this essay seeks to establish a capacious notion of the archive devised and enabled by undocumented queer immigrants' households in New York City. Using ethnographic fieldwork and buoyed by writings in affect theory and material culture studies, this essay aspires to understand how seemingly chaotic and disorderly household material, symbolic, and emotional conditions are arenas for the queer contestations of citizenship, hygiene, and the social order. This essay suggests that mess, clutter, and muddled entanglements are the “stuff” of queerness, historical memory, aberrant desires, and the archive. Archives, therefore, are constituted by these atmospheric states of material and affective disarray and the narratives spun from them. As such, this essay maps out these queer immigrant archives (conceived as mess) to showcase the relationships between and among objects, bodies, narratives, and desires.
Archives Behaving Badly
Authors: DeVun Leah , McClure Michael Jay
Published: October 2014

The archive has been theorized as unstable and even fever-ridden, but what might it mean to deploy it in ways that counter its logic or to activate it in ways that we might call queer? Using the example of Leah DeVun's photographic exploration of the ONE National Gay and Lesbian Archives (the world's largest lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender research collection), this essay traces the manners in which an archive, as a repository of information, might always shore up certain histories while delimiting others. In contrast, the authors imagine using the archive badly—that is, not as a historian would but through interpolation and anachronism, focusing on the archive's feel and “mere” form. Rather than reconstruct the ways that archival materials inhabit a discrete historical period, this essay explores what it means to focus on the human agents that pull archival objects from circulation, as well as how such objects might circulate again. Ultimately, the authors consider an archive as an accretive space that continues to build up, and as a history in which we might live, rather than as a document of an already finished time.
Synthesis of Silicon Molecular Precursor Chlorosilyl Dichloroboryl Ethane (CSDE) through Experiment Optimization
Authors: He Weiqi , Chen Lixin , Xu Tingting , Wei Dan , Wang Yi
Published: October 2014

Chlorosilyl dichloroboryl ethane, Cl[(CH3)2]Si–CH(CH3)–BCl2 (CSDE), is an important precursor used to prepare Si/B/C/(N) ceramics, which can be synthesized by the hydroboration reaction. An optimized synthesis route to prepare CSDE was found by examining the reaction conditions, including the ratio of reactants and reaction time through an orthogonal experiment. In addition, an unknown by-product was also studied during the orthogonal experiment. By analyzing and calculating the results of 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and 11B NMR, the following conditions were found to be optimal for this reaction: TESH(Et3SiH):TCB(BCl3):CDVS (CH2=CH–Si(CH3)2Cl) = 1.025:1.2:1; reaction time: 20 min.
The Russians and Chinese Proverbs of the Lexemes «Mother», «Father», «Husband», «Wife» in the Russian and Chinese Communication
Authors: Гогулина  , Gogulina N. , Вэньцзя  , Vncz Wang
Published: October 2014

The article deals with the problem of comparative study of Russian and Chinese

proverbs. The paper is an analysis of some nouns of persons through

relationship and Proverbs with nouns and conceptually important for Russian

and Chinese philology and culture. The work is done at the interface

between Linguistics and culture experts and is aimed at identifying national

cultural specifics of Russian and Chinese Proverbs with the names of persons

on the basis of kinship.

It is in the axiological notions of gender, kinship and family in Russian and

Chinese cultures reflected in paremias that the national specifics is detected.

The article gives logical and thematic classification of the collected material,

which includes the following semantic groups: characterization of the role of

a family member, their emotionally estimated characteristics, relationships

between family members.
Romanian Lingvistic World Model
Authors: Силантьева  , Silanteva T.
Published: October 2014

This essay is intended to look into the key distinctive features of the

Romanian linguistic world view (the ‘LWV’) evolution, focusing on its

constant aspects as well as changes that are coming about in the age

of globalisation. The author analyses the ethno-national concepts and

value archetypes relying on credible linguistic and cultural studies that

highlight the fundamentals of the Romanian language consciousness.

The unique character of the Romanian LWV is linked to the fact that it

bears heavily on cultural origins and folkloric traditions of this people,

something that was warranted by the historical conditions of national

evolution.

The author also provides a detailed analysis of various phenomena embedded

in the Romanian language consciousness, including the mioritic

space which has no equivalents in other languages and intrinsic ethnonational

concepts of this people.

The essay indicates that while retaining its fundamental value archetypes,

the LWV grew to adopt new trends in universal accomplishments

and search in the field of arts. Hence, a sharp focus on the communication

aspects of the issue, as well as universality dialectics and the

distinctive nature of the contemporary Romania’s LWV.
Development Methodology Inner Institutional Model of Employment of Scientific and Pedagogical Workers
Authors: Солеева  , Soleeva Yu.
Published: October 2014

The aim is to develop a methodology for the development of University employment patterns of scientifi c and pedagogical workers of higher educational Institutions. The work presents the results of the pilot testing of the University model of employment of scientifi c and pedagogical workers of higher educational establishments by the example of «basic experiment». Presents original fundamentally new methodological tools that address the main areas of concern of personnel management higher school based on the concept of University employment patterns of scientifi c and pedagogical workers of higher educational Institutions; as a factor justifying the distribution of workers by sector model, proposed an integrated performance indicator — the level of segmentation competitiveness. It seems that this technique can have diversifi ed practical application (in particular, when developing motivational model of the behaviour management personnel) .
Basis for Development of Professional Standard for HR Management Specialist
Authors: Свистунов  , Svistunov Vasiliy , Кибанов  , Kibanov Ardalon , Коновалова  , Konovalova Valyeriya
Published: October 2014

The article outlines the need to develop professional standards for an HR Manager, the purpose of its development and application, structure, and requirements

for its content. HR Manager must have a comprehensive knowledge, formed by the junction of multiple sciences: economics, management, sociology, psychology,

confl ict management, business ethics, cultural studies, pedagogics, labor law as well as ergonomics, psychophysiology, professiology, psychophysiology,

professional activity, labor economics, sociology and psychology of labor statistics. All this should be refl ected in the Standard draft. In organization there is

no other professional (except for the Personnel Manager), who would have accompanied the entire working life of the employee. This is the uniqueness of

profession; he/she must have not only professional knowledge, but general as well. Objects of HR Manager professional activity are considered and the place

of the HR Manager standard in the system of Personnel Management standards in defi ned. The article provides a concrete example of the development of the

standard, which refers to a generalized labor functions: control of strategy of personnel policy and workforce planning in the organization. On the example

discussed in some detail work functions of this generalized function of labor, labor actions necessary skills and knowledge (competencies).
Characteristics of Development of Exhibition and Fair Activities in Moscow
Authors: Лапина  , Lapina N.
Published: October 2014

The paper presents the analytical information about the development of exhibition activity in Moscow as an information, communication and intellectual

resources of socio-economic development of the region. On the basis of extensive statisticsthe author traced the dynamics of quantitative and qualitative

development indexes of the sphere of exhibition and fair activities, which directly depends on the state of economics and investment activity in the territory.

Exhibitions and fairs in Moscow is one of the most important sectors of the economy of the city, that largely determines the socio-economic and cultural development

of the capital. 15 exhibition venues of the capital annually hold approximately 550 exhibition events with international participation, including the

ones proposed by foreign organizations. The main trend in recent years has been to move many exhibitions fromunspecialized platforms and poorly equipped

exhibition centers to complexes of international level. In Moscow exhibition centers that meet international standards are Expocenter and Crocus Expo. Moscow

has 943.2 thousand square meters of exhibition spaces.

Another feature of Moscow exhibition market is the prevalence of specialized and highly specialized exhibitions. The market of trade exhibitions and fairs develops

more in the direction of B2B, i.e. business to business. Whereas regional-level activities are mainly targeted at fi nal customers.

An important aspect of the exhibition-fair and congress activities is its socio-economic orientation, that providesfor increased business activity in the regions,

development of regional economies, eff ective market positioning of territories, creation of new jobs and permanent employment in the region’s infrastructure.

The author concludes that there is a need for state regulation of the exhibition activity, development and improvement of the regulatory and legal framework

for its regulation.
Theoretical Basics for Building Economical and Effective Systems of Human Resources Management in Organizations
Authors: Кибанов  , Kibanov Ardalon
Published: October 2014

We continue publishing lectures on new Bachelor’s program – Economics of Human Resources Management. The article studies classifi cation and essence of

elements of organizational economic mechanism of human resources management, and components and essence of functional target model of human resources

management of an organization, which is the major source of building economical and eff ective systems of human resources management.
Monitoring the Preferences of Employers and Prospects of Improving Competency Profiles for Bachelor’s Programs in Human Resources Management
Authors: Меньшенина  , Menshenina E.
Published: October 2014

This paper, based on surveys conducted by consulting and staffi ng companies’ sites, analyzes the employers’ and public authorities’requirementsto applicants

for positions related to human resources management. A study was conducted on compliance of competency profi le model demanded by employers, the

structure and level of its development compared to state educational standards for Bachelor’s program in Human Resources Management. Research resulted

in formulating competencyprofi le required for university graduates to start professional career. We revealed that the educational standard contains redundant

list of competencies, and at the same time does not entirelymeet the needs of employers. Such competences as business understanding and the ability to

manage changes, and team management are not brought up in the educational standard. Moreover, the eff ective employment of graduates requires formation

of certain competences within the educational process, i.e.providing informational base for practice, establishing business contacts with organizations’ management,

generating interest in young professionals. Conducted analysis helped to identify gaps in educational standards from employers’ perspective, as well

as to formulate the most probable career paths for university graduates and necessary model competencies for successful employment.
Personnel Loyalty and Ways of Its Development in Organization
Authors: Сыманюк  , Symanyuk E. , Синякова  , Sinyakova M.
Published: October 2014

The article discusses the relevance of the formation of staff loyalty in current conditions, and substantiates the personnel loyalty phenomenon. It also considers

tripartite model of loyalty, which includes aff ective loyalty, loyalty due to length of service, normative loyalty. The article defi nes qualities of a loyal employee

to ensure the eff ective functioning of the personnel management system. The paper alsoevidences factors contributing to staff loyalty to the organization:

the social protection of workers, management transparency, humanity (no undue rigidity to workers by management) and corporate culture. Particular attention

is paid to the disclosure of loyalty levels: loyalty of the trappings level, loyalty of the actions and behavior level, loyalty of the ability level, loyalty of the

belief level, loyalty of the identity level. The author discusses ways of developing loyalty (diagnosis of staff loyalty level, group discussions, role-playing) and

the impact of loyalty on labor productivity, the level of confl ict in the organization, communications and the organization as a whole.
Economic Theory As the Basis for Management Accounting and Analysis
Authors: Аверина  , Averina Tatyana
Published: October 2014

Practical application of economic theory in the field of management accounting

and analysis is vast and its full potential is yet untapped. Marginal analysis

application can be further expanded through using the economic model of total

cost short-term changes. The paper provides the worked example of how to

apply the theory of fixed and variable costs to enhance methods for developing

more flexible budget and controlling deviations in costs.
Risk Analysis of Manufacturing Enterprises in the Course of Investment Activity
Authors: Кальянов  , Kalyanov Aleksandr
Published: October 2014

The paper examines theoretical and practical aspects of risk analysis and risk

assessment methods to be applied to production sphere enterprises in the

course of investment activity. The case study of qualitative and quantitative risk

analysis of a particular enterprise is presented, risk probability is assessed

based on Delphi procedure. The author provides recommendations on risk

mitigation. As the author argues, the highest return on investments can be

achieved only when various methods of risk mitigation are used in complex.
Economic Growth Sustainability in the Present-Day World
Authors: Басовская  , Basovskaya Elena , Басовский  , Basovskiy Leonid
Published: October 2014

The paper attempts to explore how sustainable is the growth of the world economy as a whole, of the largest regions of the world, of communities and individual national economies by applying the systems theory approach based on assessing dispersion of economic growth rates, calculated on the basis of IMF data for the 1970–2013 period. It is found that the world economic crisis is over. The world economy, as well as economies of the majority of regions, communities and nations all show sustainable growth. Economies of North African countries, of many European Union member states and of Norway show unsustainable growth. The current policy of imposing sanctions on Russia can result in recession in the EU countries and in Norway in the first place.
Halfway or no way?
Authors: Bretter Zoltán
Published: October 2014

I am going to sketch a general picture of Hungary today. This will require to present in some detail the road on which we have arrived here: the peculiarities of the Kádár‑regime, i.e. the “goulash‑ communism” and of the Hungarian “refolution” (self‑ contradictory mixture of revolution and reform) i.e. the constitutional revolution of 1989; the features and failure of the liberal enterprise that to a large extent characterized the first 10‑20 years of the newly established democracy. I will describe the present situation in Hungary as a halfway in the learning process of a democratic political culture that already owes a lot to its established traditions: the state‑ centrism, paternalistic leadership, occasional outbursts of nationalism. The genre of this paper is properly called essay in its meaning of “attempt” at defining a concept of Hungarian political culture: “kádárism”.
Self-representation and identity: Hungarian drama as a representative of national culture
Authors: Müller Péter P.
Published: October 2014

There are paradoxes in the mediation of culture for foreigners. If the work to be offered remains unchanged, it might be indifferent for a foreign public. On the other hand, if the work is adapted to the receiving culture, it will necessarily go through alterations and loose elements of its original identity. The first part of the essay discusses international examples and theoretical aspects of the phenomenon, including the issues of stereotypes, canonization, prejudices etc. The second part is a case study taking into focus the example of Hungarian drama and how it has been received internationally, restricting the investigation to the English‑speaking world. The time frame of one and a half century proves that there have been different reasons why some Hungarian dramatic works had been internationally appreciated, and it is stressed that “delegating” works, views and values is not an effective way to make the world acquainted with cultural values which are important for us.
The economic transformation in Hungary – detour or impasse?
Authors: Schmidt Andrea
Published: October 2014

The economic transition took place in the Central and Eastern European region almost at the same time. The reasons and the process of economic transition are similar. However, the Hungarian case had a special importance in the change of the regime, as it was followed by a political transformation. The New Economic Mechanism from 1968 brought irreversible changes in macroeconomy and in the attitude towards enterpreneurship. The reforms were stopped because of several reasons. However, the spirit survived. While focusing on the transformation, it is also essential to examine the historical and political background of Hungary to answer the question whether the socialist economy can be can be considered a “detour” or “impasse”. Using the different statistical data about the Hungarian convergency towards the developed Western European region, it can be said that the relative backwardness is rooted in the historical past and apart from the fact that several efforts were carried out in order to reduce or at least to stop the growing differences, these attempts failed partly because of several inappropriate political decisions.
Słowackie elity polityczne wobec Organizacji Traktatu Północnoatlantyckiego w latach 1993-2004
Authors: Nyzio Arkadiusz
Published: October 2014

The Slovakian political elite’s attitude towards the North Atlantic Treaty Organization in the years 1993‑2004
The article elaborates on Slovakia’s entry into the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). It analyses both internal and external factors which impacted on the process and introduces the main political actors in the “NATO or neutrality” debate. Particular attention was paid to the domestic factors, mainly political rivalries between the People’s Party – Movement for a Democratic Slovakia (HZDS) and the rest of the political scene. The author argues that the quest for NATO membership was sacrificed for the sake of current political struggle, which resulted in Bratislava’s exclusion from the first group of Eastern European invitees. Therefore, the concept of neutrality and the idea of balancing between East and West were created for ad hoc reasons, rather than being a genuine geopolitical alternative formed by Slovakia’s political elite.
Stosunki Polski ze Stolicą Apostolską i kwestia konkordatu z 1993 roku (prezentacja książki)
Authors: Kowalczyk Józef
Published: October 2014

The relations between Poland and the Holy See and the question of the concordat of 1993. A presentation of a book “The Concordat between the Holy See and the Republic of Poland 1993/1998”

During the course of John Paul II’s pontificate the moral authority of the Holy See considerably increased in the world, the consequence of which was the considerable development of diplomatic relations with the Vatican. In 1918 Poland began to regulate the relations with the Holy See through concordats. Unfortunately, soon after the Second World War there began a period of unfriendly and frequently hostile policy of the authorities toward the Church. With the passing of years the authorities of the People’s Republic of Poland arrived at a conclusion that the Catholic faith in Poland is a force to be reckoned with. Therefore the representatives of state authorities conducted talks with the Vatican, and the representatives of the Holy See made contacts with the authorities of the Polish Bishops’ Conference and the Office of Religious Denominations. The emergence of the social movement known as “Solidarność” [Solidarity] and a whole array of phenomena which took place in the 1980s brought about the change of the system in our Fatherland and facilitated the construction of a democratic state. This in turn brought about the establishment of diplomatic relations with the Holy See, the appointment of the ambassador of Poland at the Holy See and the appointment of the apostolic nuntio in Poland. On 3 April 1993 negotiations began about the elaboration and arrangement of the text of the concordat. The text that was agreed upon was accepted by the Council of Ministers and the Holy See, and it was signed on 28 July 1993. The ratification and the exchange of ratification documents took place in 1998. The principal aim of Archbishop Kowalczyk’s book is not to conduct an exegesis of the content of specific paragraphs of the concordat (this issue is treated in other publications), but to show the reader the way both entities of international law went through negotiations which lead them to the formulation of the specific paragraphs of this agreement.
Patient Report Improves Posthospital Discharge Event Capture in Total Joint
Replacement: A Novel Approach to Capturing All Posthospital Event Data
Authors: Harrold Leslie , Pascal Scott , Lewis Courtland , O'Keefe Regis , Pellegrini Vincent , Allison Jeroan , Ayers David , Franklin Patricia
Published: October 2014

Introduction: Current approaches to quantifying total posthospital complications
and readmissions following surgical procedures are limited because the United States
does not have a single health care payer. Patients seek posthospital care in varied
locations, yet hospitals can only quantify those returning to the same facility. Seeking
information directly from patients about health care utilization following hospital
discharge holds promise to provide data that is missing for surgeons and health care
systems.Background: Because total joint replacement (TJR) is the most common and costly
elective surgical hospitalization, we examined the concordance between patients’
self-report of potential short-term complications and their readmissions and our review
of medical records in the initial hospital and surrounding facilities.Methods: Patients
undergoing primary total hip or knee replacement from July 1, 2011, through December 3,
2012, at a large site participating in a national cohort of TJR patients were
identified. Patients completed a six-month postoperative survey regarding emergency
department (ED), day surgery (DS), or inpatient care for possible medical or mechanical
post-TJR complications. We reviewed inpatient and outpatient medical records from all
regional facilities and examined the sensitivity, specificity, and positive- and
negative predictive values for patient self-report and medical records.Findings: There
were 413 patients who had 431 surgeries and completed the six-month questionnaire.
Patients reported 40 medical encounters (9 percent) including ED, DS or inpatient care,
of which 20 percent occurred at hospitals different from the initial surgery. Review of
medical records revealed 9 additional medical encounters that patients had not mentioned
including five hospitalizations following surgery and four ED visits. Overall patient
self-report of ED, DS, and inpatient care for possible complications was both sensitive
(82 percent) and specific (100 percent). The positive predictive value was 100 percent
and negative predictive value 98 percent.Discussion: Patient self-report of posthospital
events was accurate. Substantial numbers of patients required care at outlying hospitals
(not where the TJR occurred).Conclusion: Methods that directly engage patients can
augment current posthospital utilization surveillance to assure complete data.
Accounting for the turn towards secession in Catalonia
Authors: Dowling Andrew
Published: October 2014

Since the mid-2000s, the Catalan secessionist movement has become a key protagonist in the territory’s political landscape, moving from the margins to become the axis of political dispute. This article contextualizes this change and argues that its emergence can be accounted for by a series of structural changes, which include the evolution of Catalonia’s weight within Spain, identity shifts and comparative economic decline. The discrediting of once dominant political ideologies has intensified following the post-2008 economic crisis, which has resulted in a moderate pro-independence movement successfully subsuming a full range of grievances.
Group-theoretic orbit decidability
Authors: Ventura Enric
Published: October 2014

A recent collection of papers in the last years have given a renovated interest to the notion of
New Thought’s Prosperity Theology and Its Influence on American Ideas of Success
Authors: Hutchinson Dawn
Published: October 2014

Scholars of American religious history have used the term “New Thought” to refer either to individuals and churches that officially joined the International New Thought Alliance (INTA) or to American metaphysical religions affiliated with Phineas Quimby, Mary Baker Eddy, and Emma Curtis Hopkins. New Thought writers shared the idea that God is Mind. While many New Thought writers focused on healing, in this article I concentrate on those who wrote about prosperity and claimed that if one shifted one’s thinking toward abundance, God could manifest that reality. I argue that New Thought prosperity theology became popular in America in the late 1800s and early 1900s because its authors avoided the “New Thought” label in favor of traditional Christian terms, allowing New Thought prosperity theology to influence mainstream American culture, including the business community.
Shamanism in Motion, Pentecostalism on Hold, and Maya Mormonism
Authors: MacKenzie C. James
Published: October 2014

This article examines how religion, including new religious movements as well as older options in new contexts, combines with ethnic and community attachments in shaping the identity of Guatemalan economic migrants in southern California. While the literature on transnationalism tends to view religion and ethnicity as different though sometimes overlapping means by which migrants seek incorporation into new social and political contexts, the ethnographic evidence presented here suggests more complicated dynamics. These are reflected in the experiences of three migrants from a single indigenous community in Guatemala, each with different backgrounds of faith and ethnic identity: a nominal Catholic in his early 20s who is sympathetic to Mesoamerican shamanism though ambivalent about Maya ethnic identity; a middle-aged Pentecostal Christian who is ambivalent about religious practice and belief in the United States and rejects the Maya ethnic label; and a convert to Mormonism in his 30s who has attenuated his ties to his home community while adopting a broader Maya ethnic identity. To interpret these experiences, I develop an analytical framework which draws upon some of Thomas Csordas’ ideas about religion in globalization but stresses a renewed attention to community as a persistent, if ambivalent and perhaps inherently conflictive, site for identity formation, especially in the context of migration.
Insulin‐like growth factor‐1 stimulates regulatory T cells and suppresses autoimmune disease
Authors: Bilbao Daniel , Luciani Luisa , Johannesson Bjarki , Piszczek Agnieszka , Rosenthal Nadia
Published: October 2014

The recent precipitous rise in autoimmune diseases is placing an increasing clinical and economic burden on health systems worldwide. Current therapies are only moderately efficacious, often coupled with adverse side effects. Here, we show that recombinant human insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (rhIGF‐1) stimulates proliferation of both human and mouse regulatory T (Treg) cells in vitro and when delivered systemically via continuous minipump, it halts autoimmune disease progression in mouse models of type 1 diabetes (STZ and NOD) and multiple sclerosis (EAE) in vivo. rhIGF‐1 administration increased Treg cells in affected tissues, maintaining their suppressive properties. Genetically, ablation of the IGF‐1 receptor specifically on Treg cell populations abrogated the beneficial effects of rhIGF‐1 administration on the progression of multiple sclerotic symptoms in the EAE model, establishing a direct effect of IGF‐1 on Treg cell proliferation. These results establish systemically delivered rhIGF‐1 as a specific, effective stimulator of Treg cell action, underscoring the clinical feasibility of manipulating natural tolerance mechanisms to suppress autoimmune disease.
Neuronal Development in Caenorhabditis elegans Is Regulated by Inhibition of an MLK MAP Kinase Pathway
Authors: Baker Scott T , Turgeon Shane M , Tulgren Erik D , Wigant Jeanne , Rahimi Omeed , Opperman Karla J , Grill Brock
Published: October 2014

We show that loss-of-function mutations in kinases of the MLK-1 pathway (mlk-1, mek-1, and kgb-1/jnk) function cell-autonomously in neurons to suppress defects in synapse formation and axon termination caused by rpm-1 loss of function. Our genetic analysis also suggests that the phosphatase PPM-1, like RPM-1, is a potential inhibitor of kinases in the MLK-1 pathway.
Variabilidade genética de Phakopsora pachyrhizi avaliada por meio de marcadores microssatélites
Authors: Tschurtschenthaler Nely Norder , Vieira Elisa Serra Negra , Nora Tatiane Dalla , Schuster Ivan
Published: October 2014

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a variabilidade genética da ferrugem-asiática-da-soja no Brasil, com uso de marcadores microssatélites. Populações de esporos de Phakopsora pachyrhizi coletadas nas regiões Sul, Sudeste e Centro Oeste do país foram submetidas à análise de variabilidade genética, avaliada por meio de marcadores microssatélites específicos para o fungo. Foram coletadas, também, populações de fungo em diversas variedades de soja em uma mesma localidade, incluindo populações com lesão "reddish-brown" (RB). Entre essas populações, não houve variabilidade. Tecidos com lesões RB não apresentaram esporos do fungo e não amplificaram com os marcadores específicos para P. pachyrhizi. A variabilidade genética entre as populações coletadas nas três regiões variou de 0 a 0, 36. Observou-se tendência de agrupamento das populações da região Sul e Centro Oeste do Brasil em grupos diferentes. A existência de variabilidade genética em populações de P. pachyrhizi é um indicativo de que a resistência genética vertical, conferida por genes únicos, é uma estratégia de risco para os programas de melhoramento genético que visam a resistência à ferrugem-asiática-da-soja no Brasil.