bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Jerusalem, Beit Ṣafafa
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Landes-Nagar Annette
Published: December 2024

In December 2012-January 2013, a second excavation season was conducted
in Area A, in Beit Safafa, Jerusalem (Permit No. A-6704; map ref.
218537-78/628067-79; Fig. 1), prior to paving a road. The excavation,
undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by
Moriah-the Jerusalem Development Company, was directed by A. Landes-Nagar
(field photography), with the assistance of N. Nahama (administration), B.
Touri, A. Eirikh-Rose, A. Wiegmann, E. Kagan (assistance in the excavation),
V. Essman, M. Kunin, A. Hajian and Y. Shmidov (surveying and drafting), N.
Zak and S. Itkis (plans), Y. Nagar (physical anthropology), N. Agha
(archaeozoology), L. Kupershmidt (metallurgical laboratory), D. Sandhaus
(pottery reading), C. Amit (studio photography) and I. Lidsky-Reznikov
(pottery drawing).
Horbat Qoshet
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Syon Danny
Published: December 2024

In July 2008, an excavation was conducted south of Nofit (Permit No.
A-5465; map ref. 21412-20/73879-900; Fig. 1), after antiquities were damaged
during road construction. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel
Antiquities Authority and financed by the Israel Lands Administration, was
directed by D. Syon (field photography and numismatics), with the assistance
of Y. Ya'aqobi (administration), A. Shapiro (GPS), R. Mishayev (surveying),
E. Belashov (plans), L. Porat (pottery restoration), H. Tahan-Rosen (pottery
and glass drawing), L. Kupershmidt (metallurgical laboratory), Y.
Gorin-Rosen (glass), D. Avshalom-Gorni and N. Getzov (pottery reading) and
laborers from Yafia.
Gush Halav
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Berger Uri ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Liran Roy ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Nagar Yossi
Published: December 2024

In December 2016, a rock-hewn pit grave was documented that sustained
damage when the basement of a residential building was dug in Gush Halav
(map ref. 241660/770305). The documentation, on behalf of the Israel
Antiquities Authority, was performed by U. Berger (photography and GPS),
with the assistance of R. Liran (surveying and drafting) and Y. Nagar
(physical anthropology).
Kh. Yamma
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Masarwa Durar ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Kool Robert
Published: December 2024

In January 2009, a salvage excavation was conducted at Kh. Yamma
(Yaham), within the boundaries of Kafr Yamma in the Sharon plain (Permit No.
A-5575; map ref. 20330/69735), prior to construction and in the wake of
damage to antiquities caused by the installation of a water channel. The
excavation, on behalf of the Antiquities Authority and funded by Mr. Z.
Muhamad, was directed by D. Massarwa. E.J. Stern studied the pottery, and R.
Kool identified the coins. The excavation revealed building remains from the
Mamluk-early Ottoman and the late Ottoman periods. For the full report, see
links below.
Upper Naḥal Besor
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Oron Maya
Published: December 2024

In May 2016, a salvage excavation was conducted in Upper Nahal Besor
(Permit No. A-7710; map ref. 176837/533763; Fig. 1), prior to the Midburn
Festival. The excavation, on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority, was
directed by M. Oron, with the assistance of Y. Al-‘Amor (administration), C.
Amit (studio photography) and Y. Haimi.
Modi'in, Ḥorbat Ḥadat
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Segal Orit ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, ‘Ad Uzi ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Shmueli Oren
Published: December 2024

In January-February 2003, a survey and limited excavations were
undertaken on the hill of Horbat Hadat (Kh. el-Haditheh) and on the southern
bank of an unnamed wadi that delimits the site on the north (Permit No.
A-3816; map ref. 201500/643002), prior to expanding the city of Modi'in and
paving Menachem Begin Road. The survey and the excavations, on behalf of the
Antiquities Authority and financed by Netivei Ayyalon Company, Ltd., were
directed by O. Shmueli and O. Segal, with the assistance of U. 'Ad. A.
Tsatskin studied a plaster sample from one of the winepresses. They yielded
architectural remains, agricultural installations, burial caves and ancient
roads, which belong to the agricultural hinterland of the nearby sites. For
the full report, see links below.
A Comparative Petrographic Examination of Plaster from Ḥorbat Ḥadat and
Khirbat Umm el-‘Umdan
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Tsetskin Alexander
Published: December 2024

In January-February 2003, a survey and limited excavations were
undertaken on the hill of Horbat Hadat (Kh. el-Haditheh) and on the southern
bank of an unnamed wadi that delimits the site on the north (Permit No.
A-3816; map ref. 201500/643002), prior to expanding the city of Modi'in and
paving Menachem Begin Road. The survey and the excavations, on behalf of the
Antiquities Authority and financed by Netivei Ayyalon Company, Ltd., were
directed by O. Shmueli and O. Segal, with the assistance of U. 'Ad. A.
Tsatskin studied a plaster sample from one of the winepresses. They yielded
architectural remains, agricultural installations, burial caves and ancient
roads, which belong to the agricultural hinterland of the nearby sites. For
the full report, see links below.
Tel Me‘ammar
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Kirzner Dan
Published: December 2024

In June 2015, a salvage excavation was conducted along the southern
slopes of Tel Me‘ammar (Permit No. A-7427; map ref. 209237-55/736923-38),
prior to paving Segment 3 of Highway 6. The excavation, undertaken on behalf
of the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by the Cross-Israel Highway
Company, Ltd., was directed by D. Kirzner (field photography), with the
assistance of Y. Amrani (administration), M. Hater (preliminary
inspections), A. Al-Salam Sa'id (preparation of area), R. Mishayev and R.
Liran (surveying and drafting), A. Gorzalczany (scientific guidance), V.
Eshed (physical anthropology), P. Gendelman (pottery), A. Dagot (GPS), T.
Gonen (pottery restoration), M. Shuiskaya (pottery drawing), V. Nusikowsky
(metallurgical laboratory), C. Amit (studio photography), L. Talmi and K.
Sa‘id.
Jerusalem, Jaffa Street
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Storchan Benyamin
Published: December 2024

In summer 2009, two salvage excavations were conducted along Jaffa
Street in Jerusalem (Permit No. A-5597; map ref. 2194/6328; Fig. 1), after
ancient remains were exposed during inspection prior to construction of the
Jerusalem light rail. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel
Antiquities Authority and financed by City Pass Corp., was directed by B.
Storchan (photography), with the assistance of Y. Ohayon (administration),
V. Asman and T. Kornfeld (surveying and drafting), B. Dolinka, D.
Sandhaus-Re'em, S. Weksler-Bdolah and R. Rosenthal-Heginbottom (pottery), C.
Hersch (drawing), Y. Gorin-Rosen (glass), L. Kupershmidt (metallurgical
laboratory), D.T. Ariel (numismatics), C. Amit (studio photography) and N.
Zak (plans).
Bet Shemesh, Ramat Bet Shemesh
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Balila Moran
Published: December 2024

In March 2017, a salvage excavation was conducted c. 0.5 km southwest
of Horbat Zanoah, in the eastern part of Ramat Bet Shemesh (Permit No.
A-7966; map ref. 200062-6/624972-7; Fig. 1), prior to construction. The
excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and
financed by A. Carmel, was directed by M. Balila, with the assistance of N.
Nehama (administration), M. Kahan (surveying), A. Wiegmann (photogrammetric
documentation), O. Rose (drafting) and T. Shadiel (archaeozoology).
Tel Rekhesh – 2015
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Hasegawa Shuichi ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Kuwabara Hisao ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Paz Yitzhak
Published: December 2024

In August 2015, the ninth season of excavations was conducted at Tel
Rekhesh (License No. G-66/2015; map ref. 243776/728600). The excavation,
undertaken on behalf of Tenri and Rikkyo Universities (Tokyo, Japan) and
underwritten by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research of the Japan Society
for the Promotion of Science (KAKENHI; A-Subject No. 25257008; B-Subject No.
25300022; No. 15H05165), was directed by H. Kuwabara (Tenri University), S.
Hasegawa (Rikkyo University) and Y. Paz (IAA). The expedition included T.
Onozuka, H. Hashimoto, H. Hino, Y. Tatsumi and M. Aviam (area supervision),
T. Kishida (GPR surveying), N. Yamauchi, H. Tsumoto, H. Odagi, R. Yamaguchi
and C. Yasui (surveying and photography), H. Nakano (photography), S.
Miyazaki (registration) and Z. Gal (administration).
Horbat Minnim
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Kuhnen Hans-Peter ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Pines Miriam ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Tal Oren
Published: December 2024

In August-September 2016, limited-scale trial excavations were
conducted at the Umayyad Palace of Horbat Minnim (Khirbat al-Minya; License
No. G-81/2016; map ref. 25045-55/75227-35), as part of a restoration project
at the site, funded by the Federal Foreign Office of Germany, the Axel
Springer Foundation in Berlin, the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD),
the University of Mainz and the Association of the Friends of the Institute
of Ancient Studies at the University of Mainz. The excavations were directed
by H.-P. Kuhnen (University of Mainz), and co-directed by M. Pines and O.
Tal (Tel Aviv University), with the assistance of C. Rohn (surveying and
drafting), K. Kowalski (GPS) and J. Ivanowski and E. Stern (consultation).
An IAA team headed by U. Berger assisted with GPS positioning. The
restoration was carried out by the Institute of Ancient Studies at the
University of Mainz in cooperation with the Israel Nature and Parks
Authority (Kuhnen 2016b:14-19). Technical support was provided by the Israel
Nature and Parks Authority and the Youth Hostel of Karei Deshe.
Be’er Sheva‘, Central Railroad
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Rasiuk Anat
Published: December 2024

In June 2017, an excavation was conducted within the precincts of the
central railroad station of Be'er Sheva' (Permit No. A-8014; map ref.
180817-44/572336-72; Fig. 1), prior to the construction of a fifth railway
platform. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities
Authority and financed by Israel Railways, was directed by A. Rasiuk (field
photography), with the assistance of Y. Al-'Amor (administration), E.
Aladjem (surveying), E. Belashov (drafting) and S. Talis.
Modi‘in, Barfiliya
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Eshed Vered
Published: December 2024

In July 2016, a salvage excavation was conducted at the site of
Barfiliya in Modi‘in (Permit No. A-7754; map ref. 197946-8170/647060-245;
Fig. 1), prior to construction. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the
Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by the Modi‘in Municipality, was
directed by V. Eshed (field photography), with the assistance of Y. Amrani
(administration), C. Ben-Ari (GPS), M. Kunin (surveying and drafting) and P.
Gendelman (pottery reading).
Mishmar David
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Zwiebel Elisheva
Published: December 2024

In January 2017, a salvage excavation was conducted in an agricultural
area in Kibbutz Mishmar David (Permit No. A-7904; map ref.
190636-1064/636874-7023), prior to construction. The excavation, undertaken
on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by A.S.T.
Projects Planning and Construction, Ltd., was directed by E.G. Zwiebel, with
the assistance of Y. Amrani (administration), A. Hajian and M. Kahan
(surveying and drafting), A. Peretz (field photography), P. Gendelman
(pottery consultation and reading), S. Krispin (metal detection), M.
Shuiskaya (drawing of finds), C. Amit (studio photography), I. Raznitsky
(metallurgical laboratory), T. Winter (glass) and D.T. Ariel (numismatics).
Jerusalem, ‘En Kerem
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Radashkovsky Igal
Published: December 2024

In January-February 2017, a salvage excavation was conducted near the
'En Kerem neighborhood in Jerusalem (Permit No. A-7897; map ref.
214135-86/631235-85; Fig. 1), prior to the installation of the gas pipeline
running from Mesilat Ziyyon to 'En Kerem. The excavation, undertaken on
behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by Israel Natural
Gas Lines Company, was directed I. Radashkovsky, with the assistance of N.
Nehama (administration), B. Touri (safety), R. Cohen (antiquities inspection
and area preparation), J. Tiago and M. Balila (survey of the site), A.
Eirikh and E. Marco (preliminary survey), S. Gendler (metal detection), V.
Essman and Y. Shmidov (surveying and drafting), N. Zak (plans), A. Wiegmann
(photogrammetric documentation), E. Aladjem (aerial photography), A. Peretz
(field photography), C. Amit (studio photography), I. Lidsky-Reznikov
(pottery drawing), Y. Zelinger and A. Shadman (consultation).
Ḥorbat ‘Atrabba
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Klein Eitan ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Klein Alon
Published: December 2024

In November 2011, a rock-hewn burial cave was documented near Horbat
‘Atrabba (Permit No. A-7292/2014-06; map ref. 189665/622787), as part of the
ongoing supervision by inspectors of the Unit for the Prevention of
Antiquities Robbery. The documentation, on behalf of the Israel Antiquities
Authority, was carried out by E. Klein and A. Klein (field photography and
drafting), with the assistance of C. Amit (studio photography), O. Raviv
(stone restoration) and I. Lidsky-Reznikov (drawing of finds).
Tirat Yehuda
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Zwiebel Elisheva
Published: December 2024

In November 2016, a salvage excavation was conducted in the
agricultural area of ​​Moshav Tirat Yehuda (Permit No.
A-7834; map ref. 193255-60/657038-50), in the wake of damage caused to
antiquities during the installation of a new sewer line. The excavation,
undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by
Hevel Modi‘in Regional Council, was directed by E.G. Zwiebel, with the
assistance of Y. Amrani (administration), A. Hajian (surveying and
drafting), A. Peretz (field photography), P. Gendelman (pottery reading and
consultation), R. Toueg (trial trenches), S. Krispin (metal detection), M.
Shuiskaya (pottery drawing) and D.T. Ariel (numismatics).
Ayelet Ha-Shahar
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Kleiner Anya
Published: December 2024

In February 2017, a trial excavation was conducted at Kibbutz Ayelet
Ha-Shahar (Permit No. A-7920; map ref. 254159-89/769669-96; Fig. 1), prior
to enlarging the nursing home. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the
Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by the kibbutz, was directed by A.
Kleiner (photography), with the assistance of Y. Ya‘aqobi (administration),
M. Kahan (surveying and drafting), H. Tahan-Rosen (drawing of finds), U.
Berger (GPS), A. Shapiro (GIS) and laborers from Kafr Manda.
Na‘ura
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Dalali-Amos Edna
Published: December 2024

In October-November 2014, a salvage excavation was conducted at Na‘ura
(Permit No. A-7548; map ref. 23729/72476), prior to construction. The
excavation, on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority, was directed by
E. Dalali-Amos (field photography and surveying), with the assistance of Y.
Ya‘aqobi (administration), K. Covello-Paran (scientific guidance), R. Liran
(surveying), Y. Nagar (physical anthropology), H. Tahan-Rosen (pottery
drawing) and the participation of laborers of the Israel Antiquities
Authority from Nazareth.
Shaqed (Northwest)
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Aharonovich Yevgeny ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Greenfeld Uzi
Published: December 2024

In January 2013, an excavation was conducted north-west of Shaqed
(License No. 1-3-2013; map ref. 215430/709340; Fig. 1), prior to
development. The excavation, on behalf of the Archaeological Staff Officer
in Judea and Samaria, was directed by E. Aharonovich and U. Greenfeld, with
the assistance of P. Portonov (surveying), S. Ammami (photography) and A.
Harel (drawing of finds and drafting).
Ḥorbat Yo’aḥ (East): Remains from the Chalcolithic to the Byzantine
Periods (Hebrew; English summary)
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Yannai Eli
Published: December 2024

In December 2007 and January 2008, an excavation was conducted at Horbat
Yo'ah (East) (Permit No. A-5292; map ref. 205950-6226/724800-5083). The
excavation, undertaken by the Israel Antiquities Authority, was directed by
E. Yannai. It yielded finds belonging to the Wadi Raba and Nahal Zehora I
cultures, as well as from the late Chalcolithic, Early and Middle Bronze,
Persian, Roman and Byzantine periods. For the full report, see link below.
Bu‘eina-Nujidat
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Efron Alexander
Published: December 2024

In February 2016, a trial excavation was conducted in the northwestern
part of Bu'eina-Nujidat in Lower Galilee (Permit No. A-7632; map ref.
234025/745845; Fig. 1), after ancient remains were exposed in trial trenches
opened prior to construction of a house. The excavation, on behalf of the
Antiquities Authority, was directed by A. Efron (photography), with the
assistance of E.J. Stern (scientific guidance), Y. Ya'aqobi
(administration), R. Mishayev and R. Liran (surveying and drafting), Y.
Alexandre (pottery), H. Tahan-Rosen (pottery drawing) and A. Shapiro (map).
The fieldwork was conducted by members of the Hammudi family from
Bu'eina-Nujidat.
Ashqelon
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Golani Amir
Published: December 2024

In January 2017, a rescue excavation was conducted east of the Ashqelon
marina (Permit No. A-7890; map ref. 1580/6212), prior to the construction of
a housing project. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel
Antiquities Authority and underwritten by the Israel-Euro LTD company, was
directed by A. Golani (field photography), with the assistance of Y.
Al-'Amor (administration), M. Kahan (surveying and drafting), S. Talis
(computer support), M. Oron (flint analysis), E. Boaretto (radiocarbon
dating; botanical identification), Y. Abadi-Reiss (guidance), I.
Lidsky-Reznikov (pottery drawing), C. Amit (studio photography) and N.S.
Paran and S. Ganor.
Allonim
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Kapul Reuven
Published: December 2024

In November 2016, a trial excavation was conducted at Kibbutz Allonim
(Permit No. A-7828; map ref. 214052-127/735979-6069), prior to construction.
The excavation, on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority, was directed
by R. Kapul (field photography), with the assistance of R. Liran
(surveying), Y. Ya‘aqobi (administration), H. Tahan-Rosen (drawing of
finds), A. Shapiro (GPS), Y. Gorin-Rosen (glass), I. Delerson (drafting), Y.
Alexandre (pottery reading), K. Covello-Paran and Y. Tepper (scientific
consultation), E. Bisharat and Y. Shalev (preliminary inspections), laborers
from Kafr Manda and youth from the Upper Galilee Pre-Army Program at Ma‘ayan
Baruch.
Kh. ‘Ali Qauqa (East)
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Massarwa Abdallah
Published: December 2024

In May 2016, a trial excavation was conducted at the Kh. 'Ali
Qauqa(East) antiquities site (Permit No. A-7695; map ref.
211108-34/709720-34; Fig. 1), prior to the expansion of Qazir. The
excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and
financed by the Ministry of Construction and Housing, was directed by A.
Massarwa, with the assistance of Y. Amrani and Y. Lavan (administration), R.
Mishayev and R. Liran (surveying and drafting), P. Gendelman (scientific
guidance), A. Dagot (GPS), A. Peretz (field photography), Y. Marmelstein, K.
Sa‘id and S. Davidov (IAA Haifa district).
Modi‘in
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Bouchenino Aviva
Published: December 2024

In December 2015-January 2016, a salvage excavation was conducted
southeast of the Ligad Center in Modi‘in (Permit No. A-7596; map ref.
197052-299/646643-974; Fig. 1), prior to construction. The excavation,
undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by the
Mega-Or Modi‘in Company, Ltd., was directed by A. Buchennino and I. Kornfeld
(preliminary inspections), with the assistance of Y. Amrani and E. Bachar
(administration), M. Kahan, M. Kunin and A. Hajian (surveying and drafting),
A. Peretz (field photography), Y. Marmelstein (aerial photography), M.
Shuiskaya (pottery drawing), I. Delerson (plans), Y. Barshak (photographic
archive) and A. Dagot and C. Ben-Ari (GPS).
Nahal Yitnan
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Oron Maya
Published: December 2024

In July 2016, a salvage excavation was conducted at several sites along
the streambed of Nahal Yitnan (Permit No. A-7733; map ref.
195577-6827/559334-60334; Fig. 1), prior to construction. The excavation,
undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by the
Ministry of Housing, was directed by M. Oron (photography), with the
assistance of Y. Al-‘Amor (administration), Y. Vardi, M. Pasternak and D.
Dagan (area supervision) and M. Kahan (surveying and drafting). Family
members, including children, of the Abu-‘Ashiba family participated in the
excavation.
Eṭ-Ṭaiyiba
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Alexandre Yardenna
Published: December 2024

In October 2015, a small salvage excavation was carried out in a
private building plot in et-Taiyibe (et-Taiyibe el-Zu'abiya; Permit No.
A-7519; map ref. 24215/72340; Fig. 1), following the exposure of ancient
remains in a mechanically dug trail trench prior to construction. The
excavation, on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority, was directed by
Y. Alexandre (field photography), with the assistance of Y. Ya'aqobi
(administration), R. Mishayev and R. Liran (surveying and drawing), I.
Delerzon (drafting), E.J. Stern (pottery consultation), H. Tahan-Rosen
(pottery drawing), Y. Gorin-Rosen (glass), N. Marom (archaeozoology), I.
Raznisky (metallurgical laboratory), R. Kool (numismatics) and C. Amit
(studio photography).
Horbat Neged
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Varga Daniel ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Kobrin Federico
Published: December 2024

In June 2017-February 2018, a trial excavation was conducted at Horbat
Neged (Khirbat Najd), north of Sederot (Permit No. A-8041; map ref.
161550-2255/604831-5662; Fig. 1), prior to construction. The excavation,
undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by the
Sederot Economic Company, was directed by D. Varga and F. Kobrin
(preliminary inspections), with the assistance of Y. Al-‘Amor
(administration), A. Fraiberg, H. Hamer, S. Zur and D. Biton (area
supervision), D. Pukshanski, A. Ben Porat, M. Hamer, A. Nevo and Y. Figelson
(assistant area supervisors), A. Hevroni, O. Tamir, S. Bloch, A. Azoulay and
S. Kasa (guidance), M. Kahan, Y. Shmidov and M. Kunin (surveying), E.
Aladjem (drone photography), S. Gal (location map) and A. Peretz (field
photography).
Ḥorbat Gannim
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Ben-Ari Natan
Published: December 2024

In November-December 2015, a trial excavation was conducted on the
outskirts of Horbat Gannim in Moshav Yish‘i (Permit No. A-7536; map ref.
196752-861/628416-96), after ancient remains were discovered during
preliminary inspections prior to the expansion of the moshav. The
excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and
financed by Moshav Yish‘i, was directed by N. Ben-Ari (field photography),
with the assistance of N. Nehama (administration), M. Kunin, A. Hajian and
M. Kahan (surveying and drafting), A. Peretz (photography), Y. Tzur, A.
Melman and Z. Turgeman (preliminary inspections), A. Eirikh-Rose (GPS), E.
Belashov (plans), Y. Rapuano (ceramics; see appendix), A. Gyerman Levanon
(pottery drawing), A. Goel (numismatics), N. Ben Melech (OSL), Y. Paz, E.
Kogan-Zehavi, O. Sion and P. Betzer (consultation).
Appendix: The Cermic Finds from Ḥorbat Gannim
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Rapuano Yehudah
Published: December 2024

In November-December 2015, a trial excavation was conducted on the
outskirts of Horbat Gannim in Moshav Yish‘i (Permit No. A-7536; map ref.
196752-861/628416-96), after ancient remains were discovered during
preliminary inspections prior to the expansion of the moshav. The
excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and
financed by Moshav Yish‘i, was directed by N. Ben-Ari (field photography),
with the assistance of N. Nehama (administration), M. Kunin, A. Hajian and
M. Kahan (surveying and drafting), A. Peretz (photography), Y. Tzur, A.
Melman and Z. Turgeman (preliminary inspections), A. Eirikh-Rose (GPS), E.
Belashov (plans), Y. Rapuano (ceramics; see appendix), A. Gyerman Levanon
(pottery drawing), A. Goel (numismatics), N. Ben Melech (OSL), Y. Paz, E.
Kogan-Zehavi, O. Sion and P. Betzer (consultation).
Jerusalem, Mount Zion, Ma‘ale Ha-Shalom
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Kisilevitz Shua
Published: December 2024

In July 2016, a salvage excavation was conducted in the Silwan
neighborhood, on the eastern slope of the Mount Zion spur, east of the
street that encircles the Old City (Ma‘ale Ha-Shalom St.; Permit No. A-7744;
map ref. 221999-2009/631080-106). The excavation, undertaken on behalf of
the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by the land tenant, Mr. Mahmud
Gol, was directed by S. Kisilevitz, with the assistance of N. Nehama
(administration), B. Touri (safety), V. Essman, Y. Shmidov and M. Kahan
(surveying), N. Sapir (inspection and scientific consultation), A. Re'em, Y.
Zelinger and E. Kagan (scientific consultation), A. de Vincenz (pottery
reading), I. Lidsky-Reznikov (pottery drawing), C. Amit (studio
photography), R. Cohen-Amin (finds registration) and laborers provided by
the contractor.
Apollonia
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Zeischka-Kenzler Annette ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Yohanan Hagi ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Kenzler Hauke ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Harpak Tamar ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Scholkmann Barbara ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Tal Oren
Published: December 2024

From August 2012 to September 2016, five seasons of excavation were
conducted at Apollonia (Arsuf; License Nos. G-46/2012, G-74/2013, G-57/2014,
G-40/2015, G-78/2016; map ref. 1819/6779). The excavations are the fruit of
collaboration between the University of Tübingen (Germany) and Tel
Aviv University, and were partially funded by the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG). The project was headed by B. Scholkmann
(Tübingen) and O. Tal (Tel Aviv), with the assistance of A.
Zeischka-Kenzler and H. Yohanan (field directors), S. Harding, A. Orendi, J.
Haeussler and M. Edrey (area supervisors), T. Harpak (registrar), H. Kenzler
(landscape archaeology), V. Pirsky, S. Alon, and D. Porotsky (surveyors), P.
Shrago (photography), A. Patzelt and M. Waldhör (geophysical
surveying), I. Shachar (volunteer coordinator), E. Yehuda (pottery), R.
Jackson-Tal (glass), R. Kool (numismatics), A. Glik (WWI militaria), M.
Iserlis (thin-section analysis), M. Johananoff (metal detecting), M. Pines
and L. Sapir-Hen (archaeozoology), N. Liphschitz and A. Orendi
(archaeobotany) and H. Mienis and O. Rittner (mollusks). The labor force (c.
40 participants per season) comprised students from Tel Aviv University and
the University of Tübingen, as well as volunteers from Israel and
abroad.
Jerusalem, Khirbat er-Ram
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Yeger David
Published: December 2024

In May 2017, a salvage excavation was conducted at Kh. er-Ram prior to
development work at the 'Atarot Industrial Zone in Jerusalem (Permit No.
A-8005; map ref. 221048-267/640835-920; Fig. 1; Yeger 2016). The excavation,
undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by
Moriah-Jerusalem Development Company, Ltd., was directed by D. Yeger with
the assistance of N. Nehama (administration), A. Rose and A. Wiegmann
(photogrammetric documentation), E. Belashov (surveying and drafting), N.
Sanduka and S. Dallasheh (supervision) and B. Touri (IAA District
Archaeologist).
Jerusalem, Wadi el-Joz
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Yeger David
Published: December 2024

In February 2017, a salvage excavation was conducted in the Wadi el-Joz
neighborhood, north of the Old City of Jerusalem (Permit No. A-7955; map
ref. 221981-2009/633314-41; Fig. 1), after archaeological remains were
exposed during infrastructure work. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of
the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by the Moriah Company, was
directed by D. Yeger, with the assistance of N. Nehama (administration), A.
Rose (photogrammetry), M. Kahan (surveying and drafting) and B. Touri (East
Jerusalem District Archaeologist).
Megiddo, Kibbutz
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Feig Nurit
Published: December 2024

In March 2017, a trial excavation was conducted at Kibbutz Megiddo
(Permit No. A-7927; map ref. 217329-574/720400-561; Fig. 1), prior to
construction in the southeastern part of the kibbutz. The excavation,
undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by the
Kibbutz Megiddo, was directed by N. Feig (field photography), with the
assistance of Y. Ya‘aqobi (administration), R. Liran (surveying and
drafting), H. Tahan-Rosen (pottery drawing), youth from Ramat Hadassah and
laborers from Nazareth.
Newe Shalom
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Balila Moran
Published: December 2024

In June 2017, a salvage excavation was conducted at Newe Shalom (Permit
No. A-8012; map ref. 197934-68/636356-4972) preceding the expansion of the
settlement. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities
Authority and financed by the Newe Shalom community, was directed by M.
Balila, with the assistance of N. Nehama (administration), M. Kahan
(surveying and drafting), and Y. Zelinger (scientific consultation).
Rosh Ha-ʻAyin, Qurnat Ḥaramiya
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Torgë Hagit ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Avner Rina
Published: December 2024

In 1995-1996 and 2000-2011, salvage excavations were conducted at
Qurnat Haramiya (Permit Nos. A-2390 [Avner-Levi and Torgë 1999]; A-3608,
A-3386, A-2474; map ref. 195880-6125/665920-6040), prior to the construction
of a school in Rosh Ha-ʻAyin's Mizpe Afeq neighborhood. The
excavation, on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority, was directed by
H. Torgë, R. Avner and Y. Zelinger. R. Kleter studied the clay figurines, G.
Bijovsky identified the coins, O. Keel studied a stone seal, A. Golani
studied the jewelry and E.C.M. van den Brink studied a basalt bowl from the
Chalcolithic period. The excavation yielded the remains of a village from
the Iron Age and the Persian-early Hellenistic periods. Avner-Levi R. and
Torgë H. 1999. Rosh Ha-'Ayin. ESI 19:40*. For the full report, see links
below.
Ḥorbat Ḥanut: Burial Caves from the Roman–Byzantine Periods (Hebrew;
English summary)
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Badhi Radwan ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Ayalon Etan
Published: December 2024

In July 1996, a salvage excavation was carried out in three burial
caves on the southern margins of Horbat Hanut (map ref. 19865-70/68065-70;
Permit No. A-2513; Badhi 1999); the caves were damaged while widening the
entrance road to Kokhav Ya'ir and Zur Yig'al. The excavation, on behalf of
the Israel Antiquities Authority, was directed by R. Badhi. A. Ayalon
studied the ceramic finds and co-authored the report, R. Jackson-Tal studied
the glass finds, Y. Dray studied the beads and buttons (spindle whorls?), V.
Eshed wrote the anthropological report and D.T. Ariel identified the coins.
The burial caves were in use from the end of the first century BCE or the
first century CE until the mid-sixth century CE. Badhi R. 1999. Horbat Hanut
(A). ESI 19:34*-35*. For the full report, see links below.
Ḥorbat Ḥanut: Glass Vessels (Hebrew; English summary)
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Jackson-Tal Ruth E.
Published: December 2024

In July 1996, a salvage excavation was carried out in three burial
caves on the southern margins of Horbat Hanut (map ref. 19865-70/68065-70;
Permit No. A-2513; Badhi 1999); the caves were damaged while widening the
entrance road to Kokhav Ya'ir and Zur Yig'al. The excavation, on behalf of
the Israel Antiquities Authority, was directed by R. Badhi. A. Ayalon
studied the ceramic finds and co-authored the report, R. Jackson-Tal studied
the glass finds, Y. Dray studied the beads and buttons (spindle whorls?), V.
Eshed wrote the anthropological report and D.T. Ariel identified the coins.
The burial caves were in use from the end of the first century BCE or the
first century CE until the mid-sixth century CE. Badhi R. 1999. Horbat Hanut
(A). ESI 19:34*-35*. For the full report, see links below.
Miẓpe Ramon
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Oron Maya ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Lavi Ron
Published: December 2024

In November 2015, a salvage excavation was conducted at a prehistoric
site on the outskirts of Mizpe Ramon (Permit No. A-7546; map ref.
180140/502780; Fig. 1), prior to construction. The excavation, undertaken on
behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by the Ministry of
Housing, was directed by M. Oron and R. Lavi, with the assistance of Y.
Abadi-Reiss and H. Hamer (area supervision), Y. Al-‘Amor (administration),
M. Kahan, M. Kunin and A. Hajian (surveying and drafting), A. Peretz (field
photography), Y. Raskin (geomorphology), C. Amit (studio photography), as
well as A. Karasik and A. German-Levanon (digital documentation).
Sheqef
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Eisenberg-Degen Davida
Published: December 2024

In June 2016, a salvage excavation was conducted on the eastern hills
of Moshav Sheqef (Permit No. A-7725; map ref. 19398-464/60182-245; Fig. 1)
prior to construction work. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the
Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by Lachish Regional Council, was
directed by D. Eisenberg-Degen, with the assistance of Y. Al-'Amor
(administration), M. Kahan (surveying and drafting) and I. Delerson (plans).
Naḥal Ṭale
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Pasternak Martin David
Published: December 2024

In May 2017, a salvage excavation was conducted in Neighborhood 9 at
ʻArʻara-in-the-Negev (Permit No. A-7996; map ref.
203079-488/562379-959). The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel
Antiquities Authority and underwritten by Construction & Project
Management Ltd. (CPM), was directed by M.D. Pasternak (field photography),
with the assistance of H. Mamalya (area supervision and field photography),
Y. Al-'Amor (administration), M. Kahan (surveying and drafting), V. Lifshits
(aerial photography), N. Zak (plans), I. Lidsky-Reznikov (pottery drawing),
M. Oron (flint items) and C. Amit (studio photography), as well as Y.
Abadi-Reiss, S. Talis, G. Seriy and E. Aladjem.
Sidna ‘Ali
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Barkan Diego ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Dayan Ayelet
Published: December 2024

In January 2018, an oil lamp was found near some rocks on the Herzliyya
beach at the site of Sidna 'Ali (Fig. 1). The lamp was discovered by Shlomo
and Yoav Nimrodi and handed to D. Barkan of the Israel Antiquities
Authority. The lamp was photographed by A. Gorzalczany.
Jerusalem, Monbaz Street
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Sion Ofer ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Rapuano Yehudah ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Habas Lihi ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Ariel Donald T.
Published: December 2024

In May and June 2007 and in July 2008, two salvage excavations and a
probe were carried out along Monbaz Street in Jerusalem (Permit Nos. A-5113,
A-5369; map ref. 221160/632255), prior to construction. The excavation,
under the auspices of the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by the
Africa-Israel Company, was directed by O. Sion. It yielded building remains
and other finds from the Byzantine and late Ottoman Periods, as well as
small finds from the Second Temple period and the third-fifth centuries CE.
Y. Rapuano studied the pottery, D.T. Ariel studied the coins and L. Habas
studied the engraved stone slabs. For the full report, see links below.
Jerusalem, the Old City
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Raphael Kate ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Bouchnick Ram
Published: December 2024

In February and March 2011, a salvage excavation took place within a
private residence at 7 Shone Halakhot Street in the Jewish Quarter in the
Old City of Jerusalem (Permit No. A-6112; map ref. 2221/6314; Raphael 2015),
prior to renovations. The excavation, on behalf of the Israel Antiquities
Authority, was directed by K. Raphael. It yielded a quarry from the Second
Temple period and a Medieval building; its walls served as a base for an
Ottoman-period building, which is still in use. R. Kool identified the coins
and assisted in writing the numismatic report, and R. Bouchnick studied the
faunal remains. Raphael K. 2015. Jerusalem, The Jewish Quarter. HA-ESI 127.
For the full report, see links below.
Jerusalem, the Old City: The Faunal Remains
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Bouchnick Ram
Published: December 2024

In February and March 2011, a salvage excavation took place within a
private residence at 7 Shone Halakhot Street in the Jewish Quarter in the
Old City of Jerusalem (Permit No. A-6112; map ref. 2221/6314; Raphael 2015),
prior to renovations. The excavation, on behalf of the Israel Antiquities
Authority, was directed by K. Raphael. It yielded a quarry from the Second
Temple period and a Medieval building; its walls served as a base for an
Ottoman-period building, which is still in use. R. Kool identified the coins
and assisted in writing the numismatic report, and R. Bouchnick studied the
faunal remains. Raphael K. 2015. Jerusalem, The Jewish Quarter. HA-ESI 127.
For the full report, see links below.
Ashqelon
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Michael Noe David
Published: December 2024

In August 2017, a trial excavation was conducted between Ha-Talmud
Street and Ha-Rav Hayim David Kahana Street in Ashqelon (Permit No. A-8087;
map ref. 161181/619950; Fig. 1). The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the
Israel Antiquities Authority and underwritten by the construction company
Liam Nachmias Ltd., was directed by N.D. Michael (field photography), with
the assistance of Y. Al-'Amor (administration), V. Essman (surveying and
drafting) and E. Belashov (plans). Trial trenches prior to the excavation
were conducted by A. Freiberg.
Oron, Sede Oron
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Abadi-Reiss Yael ,   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Aladjem Emil
Published: December 2024

In September 2016, a trial excavation was conducted at Sede Oron 4A
Quarry (Permit No. A-7798; map ref. 200988/532000). The excavation,
undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and underwritten by
the Rotem Empart Negev Company, Ltd., was directed by Y. Abadi-Reiss
(photography) and E. Aladjem (aerial photography and mapping), with the
assistance of G. Melnick and L. Davis (area supervision), Y. Al-‘Amor
(administration), O. Shmueli (safety), N. Zak. (plans) and A. Karasik
(digital documentation of pottery), as well as Y. Hayimi and G. Seriy.
Modi‘in
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Haiman Mordechai
Published: December 2024

In August-September 2014, a salvage excavation was conducted in the
center of the town of Modiʻin (Permit No. 7195; map ref.
200401-10037/645291-6442) prior to development. The excavation, undertaken
on behalf of the Israel Antiquities Authority and underwritten by the
Modi'in Economic Development Company Ltd., was directed by M. Haiman
(photography), with the assistance of D. Shahar and D. Masarwa (area
supervision), Y. Amrani and E. Bachar (administration), M. Kahan (surveying
and drafting), O. Barzilai and P. Spivak (flint), as well as S. Leshem, B.
Efrati and S. Davidov.
Yafo, Ben Gamli’el Street
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Arbel Yoav
Published: December 2024

In September-October 2014, a salvage excavation was conducted at 10 Ben
Gamli'el Street in Yafo (Permit No. A-7213; map ref. 177298-353/662241-82;
Fig. 1) prior to construction. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the
Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by Boaz Michaeli Construction
Engineering Ltd., was directed by Y. Arbel (field photography), with the
assistance of E. Jakoel and E. Haddad (area supervision), E. Bachar and Y.
Amrani (administration), L. Rauchberger and D. Golan (trial trenches and
preliminary exposure), R. Mishayev and M. Kahan (surveying and drafting), P.
Gendelman and G. Finkielsztejn (pottery), M. Shuiskaya (pottery drawing), B.
Ouahnouna (glass), P. Spivak (flint artifacts), D.T. Ariel (numismatics), N.
Marom (archaeozoology), I. Ktalav (mollusks), C. Amit (studio photography)
and D. Barkan (coordination with Tel Aviv District).
Lod, Newe Yaraq
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Gorzalczany Amir
Published: December 2024

In June 2018, a salvage excavation was conducted at the site of the
Roman mosaic in Lod, in the Newe Yaraq neighborhood, between Struma, Yarden
and Ha-Haluz Streets, west of Route 40 and Ginnaton Junction (Permit No.
A-8318; map ref. 191002-14/651456-73). The excavation aimed to complete a
project undertaken in 1996, 2009 and 2014 and examine an area slated for
infrastructure work for the visitors' center under construction at the site
(Fig. 1). The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel Antiquities
Authority and financed by the Shelby White Foundation, was directed by A.
Gorzalczany, with the assistance of D. Masarwa (site clearance), R. Mishayev
(surveying), A. Peretz and N. Davidov (field photography), E. Oren (safety),
Y. Amrani and E. Bachar (administration), R. Abu-Diab (transfer of mosaic
pavement), N. Zak (drafting), I. Jonish (computing), as well as D. Ben-Ami,
A. 'Azab and I. Korenfeld (Israel Antiquities Authority Central District).
Following the excavation, the mosaic pavement was removed for the
installation of infrastructure at the site. Once it is treated in the Israel
Antiquities Authority's mosaic laboratory and the building is complete, the
pavement will be displayed at the visitors' center.
Ṭur‘an (West)
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Kleiner Anya
Published: December 2024

In July 2017, a trial excavation was conducted at Turʻan
(Permit No. A-8054; map ref. 234882-91/742432-40), prior to the construction
of a residential building. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the
Israel Antiquities Authority, was directed by A. Kleiner (photography), with
the assistance of Y. Ya'aqobi (administration), M. Peleg (photogrammetric
documentation), E.J. Stern (pottery), H. Tahan-Rosen (pottery drawing), A.
Shapiro (clay tobacco pipes), D.T. Ariel (numismatics) and a team of
laborers from Kafr Manda. Preliminary inspections were conducted by Y.
Harel.
Jerusalem, Beit Hanina
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Ein Mor Daniel
Published: December 2024

In February 2013, a salvage excavation was conducted near ez-Zeituna
Street in the Beit Hanina neighborhood in northern Jerusalem (Permit No.
A-7030; map ref. 213770-4224/637865-925; Fig. 1) prior to the construction
of a kindergarten. The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel
Antiquities Authority and financed by the Jerusalem Municipality, was
directed by D. Ein Mor (field photography) with the assistance of N. Nehama
(administration), B. Touri (inspection), A. Hajian (surveying), N. Zak
(drafting), G. Bijovsky (numismatics), L. Kupershmidt (metallurgical
laboratory) and M. Shuiskaya (drawing of finds), as well as D. Yeger, Z.
'Adawi and R. Bar-Nathan.
Dimona, Mamshit Neighborhood (B)
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Paran Nir-Shimshon
Published: December 2024

In November 2013, an excavation was conducted at a group of sites east
of Dimona (Permit No. A-6939; map ref. 204206-64/552940-4; Fig. 1:7), prior
to construction of a new neighborhood. The excavation, conducted on behalf
of the Israel Antiquities Authority and financed by the 'Arim Company, was
directed by N.S. Paran, with the assistance of Y. Al-'Amor (administration),
V. Essman and Y. Shmidov (surveying and drafting), I. Lidsky-Reznikov
(pottery drawing), E. Aladjem (flint implements) and A. Karasik (flint
drawing), as well as F. Sonntag (IAA district archaeologist), S. Talis (IAA
district inspector) and laborers from Kuseifa.
Miẓpe Ẓurit
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Abu Raya Rafeh
Published: December 2024

During a development survey conducted in the western part of Mizpe Zurit
(Permit No. A-3742*; map ref. NIG 22310–90/75630–45; OIG 17310–90/25630–45)
a centrally located area (150 × 800 m) in a southern bend of a precipitous
slope was documented.  The area was mostly forested and covered with rocks
of the Bi‘na Formation. Disturbed modern farming terraces on the slope were
built of indigenous fieldstones. Ancient remains were not discovered, other
than a few potsherds of the Roman and Byzantine periods.
Dimona, Mamshit Neighborhood (A)
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Paran Nir-Shimshon
Published: December 2024

During July-August 2013, a salvage excavation was conducted on a spur
on the eastern outskirts of Dimona (Permit No. A-6863; map ref.
203864-941/552401-87; Fig. 1:9), prior to the development of a new
neighborhood. The excavation, conducted on behalf of the Israel Antiquities
Authority and financed by the Israel Lands Administration, was directed by
N.S. Paran, with the assistance of Y. Al-'Amor (administration), M. Kunin
and A. Hajian (surveying), I. Lidsky-Reznikov (pottery drawing), E. Aladjem
(flint implements) and A. Karasik (flint drawing), as well as F. Sonntag
(IAA district archaeologist) and S. Talis (IAA district inspector).
Ashqelon, Railway
Authors:   Israel Antiquities
                        Authority, Varga Daniel
Published: December 2024

In October and November 2016, a trial excavation was conducted in the
area slated for the construction of a logistics center for Israel Railways,
north of Ashqelon's main entrance road (Permit No. A-7789; map ref.
162544/619110; Fig. 1). The excavation, undertaken on behalf of the Israel
Antiquities Authority and financed by the Israel Railways Corporation, was
directed by D. Varga, with the assistance of Y. Al-'Amor (administration),
S. Zur (area supervision), M. Kahan and A. Hajian (surveying and drafting),
A. Peretz (field photography) and A. Karasik (digital documentation).
Laborers from Ashqelon and Qiryat Gat and Nahal Corps volunteers
participated in the excavation.