bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 and Guillain-Barre Syndrome: a systematic review of case reports
Authors: Carrillo-Larco Rodrigo M. , Altez-Fernandez Carlos , Ravaglia Sabrina , Vizcarra Joaquín A.
Published: May 2020

Background: Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) is a neurological autoimmune disease that can lead to respiratory failure and death. Whether COVID-19 patients are at high risk of GBS is unknown. Through a systematic review of case reports, we aimed to summarize the main features of patients with GBS and COVID-19.

Methods: Without any restrictions, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health, Scopus, Web of Science and MedXriv (April 23rd, 2020). Two reviewers screened and studied titles, abstracts and reports. We extracted information to characterize sociodemographic variables, clinical presentation, laboratory results, treatments and outcomes.

Results: Eight reports (n=12 patients) of GBS and COVID-19 were identified; one was a Miller Fisher case. Overall, the median age was 62.5 (interquartile range (IQR)=54.5-70.5) years, and there were more men (9/102). GBS symptoms started between 5 and 24 days after those of COVID-19. The median protein levels in cerebrospinal fluid samples was 101.5 mg/dl (IQR=51-145). None of the cerebrospinal fluid samples tested positive for COVID-19. Six patients debuted with ascendant weakness and three with facial weakness. Five patients had favourable evolution, four remained with relevant symptoms or required critical care and one died; the Miller Fisher case had successful resolution.

Conclusions: GBS is emerging as a disease that may appear in COVID-19 patients. Although limited, preliminary evidence appears to suggest that GBS occurs after COVID-19 onset. Practitioners and investigators should have GBS in mind as they look after COVID-19 patients and conduct research on novel aspects of COVID-19. Comparison with GBS patients in the context of another viral outbreak (Zika), revealed similarities and differences that deserves further scrutiny and epidemiological studies.
Results of Arthroscopically Assisted Volar and Dorsal Scapholunate Ligament Reconstruction Using Flexor Carpi Radialis: Modified Arthroscopic Corella Technique
Authors: Park Yong-Cheol , Kim Myung-Sun , Lee Young-Keun , Seo Chang-Young , Shin Sang-Gyoo
Published: May 2020

Purpose: We evaluated results of arthroscopically assisted volar and dorsal scapholunate(SL) ligament reconstruction using flexor carpi radialis(FCR). Methods: We reviewed 31 cases who had been operated from August 2015 to June 2018. Two cases were excluded and 4 cases lost contact. Twenty five wrists were included. The average follow-up duration was 25.3months. Diagnostic arthroscopy was performed to evaluate EWAS stage of SL instability and the reparability of SL ligament. The SL reconstruction was performed for the cases which showed EWAS stage IIIC, IV having gap over 3mm and irreparable SL ligament. The interval between the diagnosis and operation was 5.9 days in average. We modified the arthroscopic Corella technique by repairing the graft tendon to FCR. Results: All SL joints were stabilized to EWAS stage I arthroscopically after reconstruction. DASH score changed from 32.7 to 9.7. Grip power changed from 74.1% to 93.3%. Modified Mayo Wrist score was 83.8. Preoperative SL angle was 53.8。, postoperative 49.6。 and the last was 51.2。. The improvement between preoperative and last follow-up SL angle was statistically significant(p<0.05). The SL angle from operation to last follow-up has increased by 1.67。(39.8%, p<0.01). Twelve cases showed SL gap over 2mm in clenched fist view before operation, but no case at follow-up. Conclusions: Volar and dorsal SL reconstruction using FCR should provide more stability and strength than only dorsal SL reconstruction. Arthroscopic technique has the merit that it causes minimal damage to extrinsic carpal ligaments and posterior interosseous nerve and can provide rapid recovery.
Sparse Probability Assessment Heuristic Based on Orthogonal Matching Pursuit
Authors: Huang Tao , Bickel J. Eric
Published: May 2020

Probability assessment via expert elicitation or statistical analysis is a critical step in the decision-analysis process. In many actual applications, the number of uncertainties and the corresponding number of assessments can be quite large. In these cases, the analyst may seek guidance in focusing the assessment on the most important uncertainties. In this paper, we develop a novel heuristic that we call the sparse probability assessment heuristic (SPAH). SPAH, which is based on a well-known method in machine learning known as orthogonal matching pursuit, seeks to identify the preferred alternative while conducting the fewest number of assessments. We test SPAH under a variety of conditions and compare its performance to standard practice. In so doing, we show that SPAH is able to identify the optimal alternative while requiring substantially fewer assessments than standard practice.
Stochastic Decomposition for Two-Stage Stochastic Linear Programs with Random Cost Coefficients
Authors: Gangammanavar Harsha , Liu Yifan , Sen Suvrajeet
Published: May 2020

Stochastic decomposition (SD) has been a computationally effective approach to solve large-scale stochastic programming (SP) problems arising in practical applications. By using incremental sampling, this approach is designed to discover an appropriate sample size for a given SP instance, thus precluding the need for either scenario reduction or arbitrary sample sizes to create sample average approximations (SAA). When compared with the solutions obtained using the SAA procedure, SD provides solutions of similar quality in far less computational time using ordinarily available computational resources. However, previous versions of SD were not applicable to problems with randomness in second-stage cost coefficients. In this paper, we extend its capabilities by relaxing this assumption on cost coefficients in the second stage. In addition to the algorithmic enhancements necessary to achieve this, we also present the details of implementing these extensions, which preserve the computational edge of SD. Finally, we illustrate the computational results obtained from the latest implementation of SD on a variety of test instances generated for problems from the literature. We compare these results with those obtained from the regularized L-shaped method applied to the SAA function of these problems with different sample sizes.
The journey from nurse to advanced nurse practitioner: applying concepts of role transitioning
Authors: Kerr Lisa , Macaskill Ann
Published: May 2020

The advanced nurse practitioner (ANP) role was established in Ireland in 2001 and represents an important nursing role development within Irish healthcare. Currently there are 336 ANPs registered with the Nursing and Midwifery Board of Ireland, working across 40 specialties. This number is increasing exponentially in response to emerging and anticipated future service needs and population demand projecting to a critical mass of 750 by 2021. Health service provision is enhanced by advanced practice performance outcomes. This article explores nurse to advanced nurse practitioner transitional journeys, a concept that has not previously been researched in depth from an Irish perspective. The theories of Benner, Woods, and Bourdieu are reviewed to explore whether an advance practice career trajectory results in unique nurse-to-ANP role transitioning. Contextualising possible personal, professional and educational transitions may enable the promotion of effective career ‘scaffolding’ to enhance a smooth transition for aspiring ANPs into advanced nursing practice roles.
Redefining undergraduate nurse teaching during the coronavirus pandemic: use of digital technologies
Authors: Leigh Jacqueline , Vasilica Cristina , Dron Richard , Gawthorpe Dawn , Burns Elizabeth , Kennedy Sarah , Kennedy Rob , Warburton Tyler , Croughan Catherine
Published: May 2020

During the current coronavirus pandemic, undergraduate nurse teaching is facing many challenges. Universities have had to close their campuses, which means that academics are working from home and may be coping with unfamiliar technology to deliver the theoretical part of the undergraduate nursing curriculum. Emergency standards from the Nursing and Midwifery Council have allowed theoretical instruction to be replaced with distance learning, requiring nursing academics to adapt to providing a completely virtual approach to their teaching. This article provides examples of tools that can be used to deliver the theoretical component of the undergraduate nursing curriculum and ways of supporting students and colleagues in these unprecedented times.
The benefits of latex-free gloves in the operating room environment
Authors: Henry Nader , Icot Romelyn , Jeffery Steve
Published: May 2020

Sterile protective gloves are used to reduce the risk of infection for patients and clinicians in all healthcare settings. This is particularly important in operating theatres, where surgical site infection is a common and serious complication for perioperative patients. These gloves have traditionally been made from natural rubber latex and dusted with cornstarch powder. However, frequent use of latex gloves can lead to a hypersensitivity or allergy to latex. A latex allergy causes discomfort and inconvenience, and it may reduce productivity, impose significant financial burdens and even be life threatening. There has not been sufficient evidence to ban the clinical use of latex; however, in cases of suspected latex allergy, guidelines recommend the use of either latex-free gloves or powder-free, low-protein latex gloves. The use of these alternative gloves has typically been limited to cases of allergy, because they have previously been associated with reduced dexterity and durability compared with latex gloves. This article presents four case studies, in which health professionals in a perioperative setting compare the advantages and disadvantages of using traditional latex surgical gloves with those of latex-free gloves manufactured by Cardinal Health. The findings of these case studies suggest that these latex-free gloves are equal to latex gloves in terms of establishing asepsis and providing comfort and dexterity to the wearer, without presenting the risk of developing latex sensitivity and/or allergy.
Intimate Partner Violence Perpetration and Victimization Among Young Adult Sexual Minorities
Authors: Swiatlo Alison D. , Kahn Nicole F. , Halpern Carolyn T.
Published: May 2020

CONTEXT

Intimate partner violence (IPV) among sexual minority young adults has been understudied, and victimization and perpetration estimates are needed.

METHODS

Data on 13,653 women and men aged 24–32 who participated in Wave 4 of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health were used to examine associations between sexual orientation and IPV perpetration and victimization in respondents’ current or most recent relationship. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify associations between respondent characteristics and three IPV categories (physical violence, threatened violence and forced sex).

RESULTS

Some 94% of males and 80% of females identified as 100% heterosexual; 4% of males and 16% of females as mostly heterosexual; 1% of males and 2% of females as bisexual; and 2% of males and females as either mostly homosexual or 100% homosexual. Compared with their heterosexual counterparts, mostly heterosexual women were more likely to report having perpetrated or been a victim of physical IPV (odds ratios, 1.9 and 1.6, respectively), having threatened violence (2.0) and having been a victim of threatened violence and forced sex (1.6 for each); mostly heterosexual males were more likely to have been a perpetrator or victim of physical IPV (3.1 and 1.8, respectively) and a perpetrator of forced sex and threatened violence (2.0 and 1.8, respectively). Bisexual males had elevated odds of physical violence victimization (3.3) and forced sex victimization (4.9) and perpetration (5.0).

CONCLUSIONS

Some sexual minority groups are disproportionately affected by IPV, indicating a need for increased prevention efforts and for studies exploring the mechanisms underlying these differences.
Design of infrared microspectrometer based on phase-modulated axilenses
Authors: Chen Yuyao , Britton Wesley A. , Dal Negro Luca
Published: May 2020

We design and characterize a novel axilens-based diffractive optics platform that flexibly combines efficient point focusing and grating selectivity and is compatible with scalable top-down fabrication based on a four-level phase mask configuration. This is achieved using phase-modulated compact axilens devices that simultaneously focus incident radiation of selected wavelengths at predefined locations with larger focal depths compared with traditional Fresnel lenses. In addition, the proposed devices are polarization-insensitive and maintain a large focusing efficiency over a broad spectral band. Specifically, here we discuss and characterize modulated axilens configurations designed for long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) in the 6 µm–12 µm wavelength range and in the 4 µm–6 µm midwavelength infrared (MWIR) range. These devices are ideally suited for monolithic integration atop the substrate layers of infrared focal plane arrays and for use as compact microspectrometers. We systematically study their focusing efficiency, spectral response, and cross-talk ratio; further, we demonstrate linear control of multiwavelength focusing on a single plane. Our design method leverages Rayleigh–Sommerfeld diffraction theory and is validated numerically using the finite element method. Finally, we demonstrate the application of spatially modulated axilenses to the realization of a compact, single-lens spectrometer. By optimizing our devices, we achieve a minimum distinguishable wavelength interval of

Δ
λ
=
240

n
m

at

λ
c

=
8

µ

m

and

Δ
λ
=
165

n
m

at

λ
c

=
5

µ

m

. The proposed devices add fundamental spectroscopic capabilities to compact imaging devices for a number of applications ranging from spectral sorting to LWIR and MWIR phase contrast imaging and detection.
Luminescent ion-doped transparent glass ceramics for mid-infrared light sources [invited]
Authors: Ren Jing , Lu Xiaosong , Lin Changgui , Jain R. K.
Published: May 2020

Glass ceramics (GCs), which consist essentially of a homogeneous solid state dispersion of nanocrystals (NCs) embedded in a chemically inert and mechanically robust glass matrix, appear to be an extremely promising class of solid state materials that can be easily tailored into arbitrary shapes, including a new generation of optical fibers, for efficient incoherent and coherent sources of mid-infrared (MIR) light emission. This unique capability not only stems from the fact that one can tailor the underlying glass matrix for optimal macroscopic physical properties and ultrahigh transparency at the wavelengths of interest (resulting in appropriate “transparent glass ceramics” or TGCs), but also stems from the fact that one can embed these matrices with size and structure-tailored NCs, which in turn can be doped with relatively high concentrations of MIR emitting rare-earth or transition metal ions. This potential is tantamount to the localization of these highly efficient MIR ionic emitters into carefully selected and highly favorable “process-engineered” custom crystalline host “nanocages,” while insulating the ionic emitters from the emission-quenching glass host matrix, the latter being chosen largely because of its highly favorable macroscopic bulk properties, including its ductility and formability into near-arbitrary shapes (at appropriate temperatures). Such MIR TGCs appear to be very promising for numerous photonics applications, including compact and relatively efficient waveguide sensors, broadband incoherent MIR light sources, superluminescent light sources, advanced fiber-optic devices, and broadly wavelength-tunable and ultrashort pulse mode-locked fiber and bulk solid-state lasers. In this paper, we review past achievements in this field, starting with an overview of TGCs, followed by discussions of currently preferred methods of fabrication, characterization, and optimization of suitably doped oxyfluoride, tellurite, and chalcogenide TGCs and of our projections of anticipated future developments in this field at both the materials and device levels.
Multi-user high-speed QAM-OFDMA visible light communication system using a 75-µm single layer quantum dot micro-LED
Authors: Wei Zixian , Zhang Li , Wang Lei , Chen Chien-Ju , Wang Zhaoming , Chen Kai-Chia , Wu Meng-Chyi , Dong Yuhan , Wang Lai , Luo Yi , Fu H. Y.
Published: May 2020

Next-generation visible light communication (VLC) is envisioned to evolve into a high-speed and multi-user system. In this work, a 75-µm single layer quantum dot (QD) micro-LED was fabricated, packaged and used to experimentally demonstrate a 3-meter QAM-OFDMA VLC system affording multiple users with a 1.06-GHz modulation bandwidth. The OFDMA system realized data rates of 1.2 Gbps and 750 Mbps with a BER of 0 and 3.6×10−3 for two independent users with a 1:1 bandwidth ratio, respectively. Additional sub-carrier allocation strategies and scenarios of 2∼6 users have been further evaluated, and all proposed strategies reach the sum-rate of beyond 1.41 Gbps while satisfying the forward error correction (FEC) criteria.
Video-rate lensless endoscope with self-calibration using wavefront shaping
Authors: Scharf Elias , Dremel Jakob , Kuschmierz Robert , Czarske Jürgen
Published: May 2020

Lensless fiber endoscopes are of great importance for keyhole imaging. Coherent fiber bundles (CFB) can be used in endoscopes as remote phased arrays to capture images. One challenge is to image at high speed while correcting aberrations induced by the CFB. We propose the combination of digital optical phase conjugation, using a spatial light modulator, with fast scanning, for which a 2D galvo scanner and an adaptive lens are employed. We achieve the transmission of laser and image scanning through the CFB. Video-rate imaging at 20 Hz in 2D with subcellular resolution is demonstrated in 3D with 1 Hz. The sub-millimeter-diameter scanning endoscope has a great potential in biomedicine, for manipulation, e.g.,  in optogenetics, as well as in imaging.
Coupler-induced phase matching of resonant hyperparametric scattering
Authors: Savchenkov Anatoliy A. , Matsko Andrey B. , Williams Skip
Published: May 2020

We show that an evanescent field coupler can break the symmetry of a high quality factor monolithic ring microcavity, enabling generation of strongly nondegenerate frequency harmonics involving a few mode families that are orthogonal in an unperturbed microcavity. Using this property, we explain observed experimental generation of frequency combs in magnesium fluoride whispering gallery mode resonators characterized with strong normal group velocity dispersion.
Enhanced optical edge detection based on a Pancharatnam–Berry flat lens with a large focal length
Authors: Li Ting , Yang Yang , Liu Xinyang , Wu Yan , Zhou Yuan , Huang Sijia , Li Xiaochun , Huang Huihui
Published: May 2020

In this Letter, we employ photo-aligned liquid crystals to record a flat lens pattern through a simple exposure method to produce a large focal length Pancharatnam-Berry (PB) lens with a film thickness of

2

µ

m

without using expensive equipment. This PB lens with a focal length of 240.6 m (at 532 nm) can transmit up to 97% across visible wavelengths and maintain high diffraction efficiency (

>

90

%

). An improved two-dimensional optical edge detection design based on this lens is proposed. We experimentally demonstrate the integrity and high efficiency of edge information that may play an important role in the application of image processing and high-contrast microscopy.
Femtosecond-written volume Bragg gratings in fluoride glasses
Authors: Talbot Lauris , Richter Daniel , Heck Maximilian , Nolte Stefan , Bernier Martin
Published: May 2020

We report on what we believe are the first volume Bragg gratings written inside bulk multicomponent fluoride glasses. The gratings inscribed with tightly focused infrared (IR)-femtosecond pulses in combination with the phase-mask technique exhibit refractive index modulations of up to

5
×

10

−
4

with reflectivities up to 90% at a wavelength near 2.8 µm. Such highly compact and narrowband filters could have a significant impact on numerous high-end applications from the UV to the mid-IR.
Longitudinal elastic wave imaging using nanobomb optical coherence elastography: erratum
Authors: Liu Chih-Hao , Nevozhay Dmitry , Zhang Hongqiu , Das Susobhan , Schill Alexander , Singh Manmohan , Aglyamov Salavat , Sokolov Konstantin V. , Larin Kirill V.
Published: May 2020

We present an erratum to correct an inadvertent error made during the
calculations of the in-focus fluence of pulsed laser used to excite
nanoparticles [Opt.
Lett. 44, 3162
(2019)OPLEDP0146-959210.1364/OL.44.003162] and to update the
conclusion regarding laser safety limits achieved with this type of
excitation.
Measurement of a flow-velocity profile using a laser Doppler velocimetry coupled with a focus tunable lens
Authors: Ichikawa Yoshiyasu , Koike Shunsuke , Nakakita Kazuyuki
Published: May 2020

This paper reports on the measurement of a flow-velocity profile using a laser Doppler velocimetry (LDV) system having a focus tunable lens (FTL). In the system, the FTL is installed in the transmitting optics of the LDV; therefore, it can measure the flow velocity profile by changing the measurement position without any mechanical scanning system. To demonstrate the concept of the technique, the velocity profile measurement of Poiseuille flow was conducted, and the measured velocity profile showed good agreement with the theoretical value.
Revisitar Vieira no séc. XXI - O Poder da Palavra - Escritas, Artes e Ensino de Vieira vol. II
Authors: Franco José Eduardo , Pereira Paulo Silva
Published: May 2020

“Revisitar Vieira no Século XXI é uma obra única e necessária, constituída por um conjunto fundamental de reflexões em torno de dez núcleos, que nos permitem uma visitação do mestre, de modo a poder conhecê-lo melhor à luz dos tempos modernos. E assim encontramos, a cada passo, a demonstração da genialidade do orador e do homem de cultura, bem como um apelo constante, que a atualidade não pode olvidar, relativamente à consagração da dignidade humana. Os dez núcleos têm um forte sentido analítico e pedagógico, permitindo conhecer e compreender um manancial único na cultura portuguesa: biografia, historiografia e receção – para nos integrarmos no percurso de vida do genial autor; epistolografia e interlocutores – para entendermos a importância da sua intervenção; teologia e espiritualidade – para compreendermos os fundamentos do que nos diz; visões do futuro: obra profética – para considerarmos a sua capacidade de antecipação; política e sociedade – para percebermos a importância do compromisso político, num tempo pleno de incertezas e ameaças; oratória sagrada e retórica: artes, usos e sentidos – para cuidarmos da oficina de criação do artista ímpar; literatura e arte – para continuarmos a perscrutar a capacidade encantatória do artífice; escritas polémicas e a visão do outro – para lidarmos com a coragem e a determinação do intelectual; ciência e natureza – para nos apercebermos da genuína atração que tinha pelos saberes; e pedagogia e didática – para nos colocarmos na posição de quem deseja aprender ao máximo com a lição de Vieira.”
Hydration methods and physiological potential of sweet corn seeds
Authors: Marinho Jéssica de Lucena , Fonseca Inês Cristina de Batista , Zucareli Claudemir
Published: May 2020

The evaluation of the physiological potential of sweet corn seeds is fundamental in the production process, because the germination and vigor reflect the potential for storage, commercialization and use of these seeds. The choice of vigor tests with an adequate and efficient analysis methodology is fundamental to obtaining reliable results. In this sense, the objective of this study was to assess the physiological potential of sweet corn seeds after hydration using different moistening methods to increase water content to 20%. First, the lot of seeds was characterized as to its moisture content and initial physiological potential. Subsequently, two experiments were conducted, both under a completely randomized design. In the first experiment, different volumes of water on the filter paper sheets were assessed for seed hydration a method that uses a wet substrate. In the second, four hydration methods were evaluated: wet substrate (WS), humid atmosphere (HU), immersion in water (IW) and addition of the required amount of water (WR). A constant temperature of 25ºC was used in both experiments and then the moisture content and physiological potential of seeds were determined. The humid atmosphere method reduces the physiological quality of sweet corn seeds because it favors the deterioration and hence is unsuitable for the hydration of seeds of this species. The wet substrate method, in an amount equivalent to 2.5 times the paper mass, increased the water content of sweet corn seeds to 20%, achieving the desired degree of moisture without altering their physiological potential.
Cognitive strategies used in the verbal fluency test by elderly in Sergipe's countryside
Authors: Silva Kelly da , Rocha Talita Oliveira , Zuanetti Patrícia Aparecida , Fukuda Marisa Tomoe Hebihara , Dornelas Rodrigo , Guedes-Granzotti Raphaela Barroso
Published: May 2020

To analyze the cognitive strategies used in the verbal fluency test by healthy elderly without current risk of dementia. Method: Participants of the study were active elderly people, living in the countryside of the state of Sergipe, of both sexes. General identification data and health conditions were collected and the Mental State Mini Exam (MSME) and Verbal Fluency Semantics (VFS) test was applied. People with scores below the cut grade for schooling regarding the MSME were excluded from the survey. The results of these tests were analyzed qualitatively (normal or altered) and quantitatively (general score). In the VFS, the analysis was also performed according to the strategies used by the participant to recall the words (number of categories of animals cited, number of clusters performed (Clustering) and number of exchanges of cognitive strategy (Switching). The results were statistically analyzed by the Pearson correlation test. 33 elderly (25 females and 8 males) participated, with a mean age of 71.6 years old. The mean score in the MSME was 23.6 points and in the VFS it was 12.78 points, with a mean number of category used of 2.9, Clustering of 1.8 and Switching of 1.3. Pearson's correlation test identified important correlations between the VFS results and the number of the animals cited, Clustering and Switching categories used by the participants. Conclusion: Good general cognitive performance and language seems to be related to the cognitive strategies used in VFS, evidencing the importance of using this test in cognitive screening, even in cases of active elderly people.
Evaluation of methodologies of urine collection to estimate microbial synthesis in bovines diets containing or not containing lipids
Authors: Bendia Laila Cecília Ramos , Fontes Carlos Augusto de Alencar , Processi Elizabeth Fonsêca , Silveira Filho Clóvis Carlos , Lombardi Cláudio Teixeira , Pimentel Paulo Roberto Silveira , Oliveira Ronaldo Lopes , Bezerra Leilson Rocha , Rocha Tiago Cunha
Published: May 2020

This study investigated the effectiveness of the urine sample collection method in predicting the volume urinary and synthesis of microbial nitrogen. Eight fistulated steers were used with accessible rumens and kept in individual stalls. Their diets consisted of corn silage; corn silage + concentrate; corn silage + concentrate with addition of lipids in the form of soybean oil; and corn silage + concentrate with addition of lipids in the form of soybean grains. Estimates of microbial protein synthesis were obtained based on the urinary excretion of purine derivatives. There was no effect of diets on daily creatinine excretion (P>0.05). There were differences (P<0.05) between the urinary volume and microbial synthesis values determined by the total urine collection and those estimated from the urine spot samples and equations proposed by different authors. The estimation of microbial synthesis based on the urine excretion of purine derivatives should be performed from the total collection of the urine for a period of 24 hours.
Composition of the soil fauna community and leaf litter stock in agro-forestry systems and secondary forestry
Authors: Tavares Patrícia Dias , Silva Cristiane Figueira da , Pereira Marcos Gervasio , Silva Eliane Maria Ribeiro da
Published: May 2020

Agro-Forestry Systems (AFS), in addition to being a means of providing income, can be considered an alternative way of helping conserve biodiversity, both above and below ground. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accumulation of tree leaf litter and its nutrient content as well as the composition of fauna in the soil-litter layer in two Agro-Forestry Systems (AFS-1 and AFS-2), using as reference an area of secondary Forest (SF), in the Quilombola do Campinho da Independência community, Paraty, in the state of Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Brazil. The collection of accumulated leaf litter and soil-litter fauna was carried out from four sample points in each area and at two different seasons of the year, the rainy and the dry season. The leaf litter stock and its nutrient content (Ca, Mg, P, K and N) were measured. The extraction of fauna was carried out according to Tüllgren’s method, modifying the Berlese funnel. The stock of accumulated leaf litter differed between the two areas only in the rainy season; the amounts were smaller in AFS-2. In general, the Agro-Forestry Systems were very similar to the secondary forest in terms of levels and/or stock of nutrients in the majority of cases, at least in one of the seasons studied. The composition of the soil fauna groups in the Agro-Forestry System (AFS-1 and AFS-2) had a high degree of similarity to that found in the forest, and these systems mainly favour the populations of groups like Collembola and Formicidae.
Quality of arabic coffee under different processing systems, drying methods and altitudes
Authors: Carmo Kênia Barbosa do , Carmo Jéssica Conceição Barbosa do , Krause Marcelo Rodrigo , Moreli Aldemar Polonini , Lo Monaco Paola Alfonsa Vieira
Published: May 2020

The quality of coffee is one of the most important requirements in the commercialization of the product, and the post-harvest stage is decisive in the production of excellent coffees. The region of Mutum, MG, Brazil, is predominantly coffee-growing, with high potential for the production of specialty coffees. Due to the social and economic importance of coffee production in the Matas de Minas region, research has been demanded with the aim of providing technological information that provides improvements in quality and consequent price aggregation of the coffee bag. Among the several factors that may affect coffee quality are the processing system, the drying method and the altitude. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of Arabica coffee at different altitudes, submitted to different processing systems and drying methods. The work was conducted at the Cabeceira do Imbiruçu, in a randomized complete block design,with treatments arranged in a scheme comprising sub-subdivided plots (2 x 2 x 2), with four replications. In the plots, the two altitudes (850 and 1050 m), in the subplotsthe two processingsystems (dry (natural) and wet (peeled cherry)) and in the sub-subplotstwo drying methods (cement and suspended yard, both covered). Sensory and electrical conductivity analyzes were performed. The fruits of coffee trees located at altitudes of 1050 m have sensory attributes superior to those of altitudes of 850 m. The best results of the coffee flavor and aroma sensory attributes were obtained in the wet processing system when compared to a dry (natural) processing system. The electrical conductivity of the coffee beans obtained in the wet processing system was lower than that obtained in the dry processing system (natural), which gives a better beverage quality. Drying methods in suspended yard and cement yard, both with plastic cover and if technically conducted, do not influence the sensory characteristics of the Arabica coffee.
Grain production, fatty acid and oil profile from sunflower cultivars receiving different boron doses
Authors: Alves Luiziene Soares , Morais Larissa Gasparelo , Mauad Munir , Brito Diego de Mello Conde de , Santos André Marques dos , Castro Rosane Nora , Souza Sonia Regina de
Published: May 2020

Among the main factors that affect the productivity of crops is deficiency of nutrients. Boron (B) is an essential micronutrient for plants, and sunflower is one of the most sensitive plants to deficiency of the element. Its inadequate supply can impair sunflower plants’ metabolism and grain and oil yield. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of different boron doses on the production of sunflower grains and the content and quality of the oil obtained from them. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a factorial scheme with three cultivars (Helio251, BRS323, BRS324) and four B doses (0, 2.5, 5.0, 8.0 kg ha-1). Two harvests were performed, the first in the R5 reproductive stage and the second at the end of the R9 cycle. In both cases, the levels of B in the capitulum were measured. At the end of the cycle, the grain yield, crude protein and oil content in the grains and fatty acid profile were analyzed. The cultivars responded differently to the treatments with B. The boron fertilization influenced the grain yield and oil content, but was not correlated with the profile of the majority unsaturated fatty acids and crude protein in the grains. Variations were observed in the fatty acid profile between the cultivars, an important aspect that needs to be evaluated according to the purpose of the production. In soil with lower availability of B, cultivar BRS323 was most efficient in B uptake, grain yield and oil content and quality.
Ability for self-care in clients undergoing antineoplastic chemotherapy treatment
Authors: Sabino Fabiano Henrique Oliveira , Chagas Leidiane Mota de Oliveira , Gomes Nathália Silva , Barichello Elizabeth
Published: May 2020

To identify the self-care capacity of cancer clients treated at the chemotherapy service of a university hospital in Minas Gerais/Brazil. This is a cross-sectional study conducted with 79 adult and elderly participants diagnosed with primary cancer on antineoplastic chemotherapy treatment. Two instruments were used to achieve the proposed objective, one created by the authors for sociodemographic characterization and another translated, adapted and validated to Brazilian Portuguese to assess the capacity of self-care, namely, the Appraisal of Self Care Agency Scale-Revised, the ASAS-R. Most respondents were female (50.6%), married (58.2%), had between five and nine years of schooling (43.0%), had a family income of one to three minimum wages (86.1%) and were predominantly elderly (54.4%). The mean score obtained for self-care capacity was 57.8. A dichotomy between the patients' usual chores and their diagnoses was observed, but the participants also stated that they dedicate time and were willing to take care of their health. They also stated that they looked for the best ways to take care of themselves and sought updated information whenever necessary, although no statistically significant association was found between self-care scores and sociodemographic variables. This study allowed to show that sociodemographic variables such as education, income, religion and cohabitation should be taken into account by health professionals to favor the client's engagement in self-care actions.
Clonal bamboo production based on in vitro culture
Authors: Ribeiro Anatálya dos Santos , Figueiredo Alexssandra Jéssica Rondon de , Tormen Gabriela Cristina Rech , Silva André Luís Lopes da , Campos Wellington Ferreira , Brondani Gilvano Ebling
Published: May 2020

Bamboo species are an alternative for the composition of forest plantations. However, their potential has not been explored due to the hard time in producing large-scale clonal plants. Thus, the aim this work was to evaluate the in vitro establishment, bud multiplication and ex vitro rooting of Bambusa vulgaris. The first experiment tested different systemic and contact fungicide solutions, based on exposure time, during the establishment phase. Established explants were subjected to evaluation of residual fungicide effect on subcultures during the multiplication and elongation phases. The second experiment evaluated the influence of activated carbon on ex vitro survival and on adventitious rooting. Explant immersion in liquid culture medium added with 1.0 mL of fungicide for 120 hours has favored the in vitro establishment and reduced fungal contamination. On the other hand, it favored the shoot emission of shoots per explant during the multiplication phase. Both rooting induction culture medium and mini-incubator system use were effective in enabling adventitious root formation. The presence of activated carbon in the rooting induction culture medium resulted in a higher clonal plant survival rate.
Ceramic veneers on teeth with non-carious cervical lesions: case report and finite element analysis
Authors: Magalhães Ana Paula Rodrigues , Soares Paulo Vinícius , Machado Alexandre Coelho , Pauli Daiana Sabrine , Faleiros Marcelle Ignez dos Santos Moura , Decurcio Rafael Almeida , Cardoso Paula de Carvalho
Published: May 2020

On ceramic veneers rehabilitation, teeth with non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs), especially premolars, are often involved. Preparation to remove deep NCCLs may lead to excessive wear and a less conservative approach, which goes against the current principles of minimal wear and maximum preservation. However, no evidence exists indicating which technique could avoid excessive wear during the dental preparation for veneers associated with NCCL. Thus, this manuscript has two main purposes: 1) to present an aesthetic treatment with ceramic veneers and follow-up of 24 months of a patient with various levels of NCCL severity and 2) to evaluate various wear protocols for dental veneers associated with NCCL via Finite Element Analysis (FEA) to guide and justify the clinical decision of the clinical case described. A 37-year-old male patient presented for treatment with wear on the anterior teeth and with NCCLs of various severity degrees on the posterior teeth. The treatment chosen was rehabilitation with ceramic veneers on teeth 15 to 25. The best restorative approach for the NCCL teeth was evaluated via an FEA, simulating various protocols and lesion depths while also calculating the percentage of tooth structure loss. Restoring the premolar’s deeper NCCL with a composite resin core, before a ceramic veneer impression, presented better mechanical behavior in FEA and less tooth wear. For the 1.0 mm NCCL, beveling the lesion promoted good stress distribution, less invasive wear and an easier clinical procedure, as it did not involve a previous restorative procedure. It could be concluded that the restorative decision for premolars with NCCLs that will receive veneers should consider the set biomechanical behavior and especially the tooth structure wear necessary. For the case report presented, after two years of follow-up, no changes from the immediate result were observed, indicating that the cause of the lesions was eliminated, and that the treatment was effective, at least in the short-term. For FEA analysis, restoring the deeper NCCL prior to ceramic veneer impression, presented better mechanical behavior and less tooth wear. For the 1.0 mm NCCL, beveling the margin of the lesion generated the same good results.
Japanese beetle feeding and survival on apple fruits
Authors: Pires Evaldo Martins , Koch Robert Lee
Published: May 2020

Popillia japonica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae), Japanese beetle, is a polyphagous pest of many crops. In these crops, including apple, it acts primarily as a defoliator, causing economic damages. The objectives were to determine the ability of P. japonica to injury fruits of SweeTango variety apples and the suitability of apple fruits as a food source for this beetle. Popillia japonica was not able to injure the surface of intact fruits, which means that it is not a primary pest for apple fruits. The lifespan of the beetles when fed soybean leaves or apple with exposed endocarp was similar. Observations of the feces of the beetles suggest a potential physiological response due the change of food from soybean leaves to apple fruits. Therefore, we can conclude that the adults should not be considered as primary pests of apple fruits; however, they may act as secondary pests if the endocarp of the fruits is exposed by some other agent.
Neologia e neologismos no português brasileiro
Authors: Ganança João Henrique
Published: May 2020

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar um breve histórico dos estudos de Neologia no Português Brasileiro, bem como passar em revista, com base, sobretudo, em Guilbert (1972, 1975), em Alves (1990) e em Cabré (2010), as principais ideias a respeito da conceituação de “neologia” e de “neologismo” e as diferentes metodologias possíveis para a identificação de neologismos na língua comum. Além disso, é nossa intenção, ainda, apresentar algumas contribuições que o Observatório de Neologismos do Português Brasileiro Contemporâneo (Projeto TermNeo), sob a coordenação de Ieda Maria Alves, tem dado às pesquisas lexicais e morfológicas por estudar os principais processos de criação lexical e por trazer as novidades, sempre constantes, surgidas no âmbito desses processos, que por sua vez, evidenciam a vivacidade perene da língua, sempre pronta a moldar-se às necessidades de expressão dos falantes.
Produtividade lexical e neologia em textos humorísticos sobre política
Authors: Rodrigues Liska Geraldo José
Published: May 2020

O objetivo central deste trabalho é apresentar a análise de um pequeno conjunto de textos humorísticos sobre a política no Brasil e suas associações semânticas (eleições, bancadas, partidos, ações dos governantes), selecionados por mostrarem formações lexicais que resultarão em efeito de sentido humorístico. Pretendemos, com isso, ressaltar o estudo da língua por meio de fatores cognitivos e culturais, levando em conta as diversas construções morfológicas e semânticas permitidas na interação entre sujeito, língua e mundo.
STUDI KEBIJAKAN KAMPUS INKLUSIF: IMPLEMENTASI PERMENDIKBUD RI NO 46/2014
Authors: Andayani Andayani
Published: May 2020

Di Yogyakarta, data statistik mengindikasikan masih minimnya tingkat partisipasi difabel di jenjang pendidikan dasar dan menengah. Sampai dengan tahun 2004, anak difabel yang bersekolah adalah 63,24% di jenjang pendidikan SD dan SMP. Partisipasi difabel di ranah pendidikan tinggi jauh lebih rendah lagi. Hal ini disebabkan oleh banyaknya hambatan yang dialami difabel atau pun hambatan yang mungkin mereka alami. Tulisan ini ingin mengkaji bagaimana implementasi dari Permendikbud tersebut di PTN di DIY, yaitu di UIN Sunan Kalijaga dan Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. Alasan memilih kedua tempat ini karena kedua PTN ini banyak menerima mahasiswa difabel setiap tahun. Hasil penelitian mengindikasikan bahwa kampus UIN Sunan Kalijaga lebih baik dalam hal implementasi pendidikan inklusif yang menyangkut sarana/prasarana, layanan khusus untuk mahasiswa difabel, seleksi mahasiswa baru, dosen dan tenaga kependidikan, evaluasi pembelajaran dan fungsi layanan disabilitas Kata Kunci: Difabel, Pendidikan Inklusif, Studi Kebijakan
O czym myślę, kiedy myślę o zwierzętach w edukacji polonistycznej? Siedem odpowiedzi
Authors: Jarzyna Anita
Published: May 2020

Artykuł stanowi próbę wyodrębnienia rozmaitych obszarów edukacji polonistycznej, w ramach których warto uruchamiać optykę nieantropocentryczną (ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem studiów nad zwierzętami). Autorka, powołując się między innymi na postulaty Cary’ego Wolfe’a, dowodzi, że tej perspektywy nie należy wprowadzać punktowo na pojedynczych lekcjach i wyłącznie za pośrednictwem utworów, które tematyzują te kwestie. Treści emancypacyjne powinno się raczej wdrażać wielokontekstowo, nie stroniąc od krytycznych lektur kanonicznych tekstów kultury, wskazując na często marginalizowaną pozycję podmiotów pozaludzkich oraz różnorodne językowe zabiegi upodrzędniające zwierzęta.
Moja Polska? – dyskursy tożsamościowe w edukacji polonistycznej
Authors: Rypel Agnieszka
Published: May 2020

Celem artykułu jest zdefiniowanie istoty narodowej tożsamości w dyskursie edukacyjnym. Edukacja instytucjonalna odgrywa kluczową rolę w przekazywaniu tej tożsamości. Szkoły jako instytucje państwowe mają wpływ na całe młode pokolenia obowiązkowo uczęszczające do szkół podstawowych. W ten sposób każdemu uczniowi przekazuje się ten sam sposób rozumienia różnych zjawisk społecznych, wspólne wzorce kulturowe, a nawet wzory interpretacji miejsca jednostki w grupie – przede wszystkim we wspólnocie narodowej. Artykuł poświęcony jest analizie wzorów tożsamości narodowej w różnego rodzaju tekstach zamieszczanych w podręcznikach, wskazuje toposy, mity i symbole kształtujące tę tożsamość. Analiza podręczników przebiega na poziomie synchronicznym i diachronicznym i pokazuje, że obecnie edukacja szkolna nie ma wielkiego wpływu na tożsamość narodową młodego pokolenia, i że każdy uczeń kształtuje swoją tożsamość narodową poprzez własną afiliację różnych wzorców tej tożsamości.
Analiza procesu utowarowienia edukacji z wyszczególnieniem szkolnictwa wyższego
Authors: POKUSIŃSKA ANITA
Published: May 2020

Analiza procesu utowarowienia edukacji z wyszczególnieniem szkolnictwa wyższego stanowiła temat artykułu, którego celem było wyjaśnienie tego zjawiska i jego dokładny opis. Zakres artykułu został ograniczony do edukacji wyższej z uwagi na obszerność poruszanych zagadnień. Głównym problemem badawczym było znalezienie odpowiedzi na pytanie, w jakim stopniu, i w jaki sposób utowarowienie edukacji wpływa na szanse kształcenia młodych ludzi. Charakterystyka zjawiska uwzględniła problemy dotyczące konsekwencji procesu komodyfikacji i jego elementów. Kolejne części opracowania zawierają w sobie wyjaśnienie istoty zjawiska, kluczowe pojęcia oraz kontekst pojawienia się utowarowienia w obszarze edukacji. Istotnym było również zwrócenie uwagi na proces odwrotny, czyli dekomodyfikację. Wyszczególniono formy, jakie przyjmuje odtowarowienie edukacji oraz ich wady i zalety. Analizie poddano także następstwa procesu komodyfikacji i dekomodyfikacji, do których zaliczono między innymi obniżanie wartości dyplomów. By wyjaśnić cel i problemy badawcze, wykorzystano wtórną analizę danych, na którą składała się literatura, prace naukowe oraz raporty, między innymi Głównego Urzędu Statystycznego i Eurostatu. Analiza obejmowała raporty i dane dotyczące Polski, jak również innych krajów europejskich, co umożliwiło porównywanie istotnych aspektów procesu utowarowienia edukacji między krajami oraz nakreślenie sytuacji uniwersytetów w Europie. Bazując na analizie danych zastanych, wyróżniono najważniejsze konsekwencje procesu utowarowienia w zakresie szkolnictwa wyższego, do których zaliczono wzrost zróżnicowania wśród społeczeństwa, rosnącą liczbę osób z wykształceniem wyższym, powstawanie alternatywnych form umożliwiających zdobycie wspomnianego wykształcenia, jak również przekształcenie wiedzy akademickiej w wiedzę przyjmującą formę towaru. Proces utowarowienia edukacji wyższej bez wątpienia jest zauważalny na uniwersytetach, co zostało udokumentowane w pracy za pomocą opisu jego poszczególnych elementów i konsekwencji.