bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mechanism of Arthropod-mediated Transmission of Plant Viruses - A Review
Authors: Abhinash Borah  , Shreya koundal  , Markad Ajinkya Bhausaheb  , Meenakshi Rana  , Seweta Srivastava
Published: November 2023

In the intricate world of botanical life, an often-overlooked menace lurks – plant viruses. Viruses invade their target and hijack the plant cell's mechanisms to multiply and reproduce. The impact of these microscopic assailants is profound, affecting food security, food safety, national economies, biodiversity, and the rural environment. Plant viruses, although small in stature, wield immense influence in the plant kingdom. They are sub-microscopic entities comprised of genetic material, either DNA or RNA, encased within a protective protein coat. They need a medium of transmission for survival and spread, which can be air, water, contaminated tools, or certain other organisms known as vectors. These vectors, often insects, fungi, or nematodes, serve as intermediaries between the virus and its plant host, facilitating transmission and infection. Understanding the intricate interactions between plant viruses and their vectors is vital for developing effective control strategies that can mitigate the devastating impact of these diseases on crops. This relationship between a plant virus and a vector is a testament to the complexity of the natural world, where microscopic organisms wield enormous influence over the health and fate of plants, impacting ecosystems and even human agriculture. This review delves into the world of plant virus vectors, un-ravelling their roles in disease transmission, their biological mechanisms, and the pivotal role they play in shaping agricultural landscapes worldwide. It also explores the types of virus transmission and their effects on vector behaviour. This knowledge is essential for developing strategies to mitigate the impact of plant viruses and protect global food security.
The “Startup as a WRC” program is a driver for the development of youth entrepreneurship
Authors: Ershova I. V. , Petrakov A. Y.
Published: November 2023

The article shows the formation and identified the objectives of the program «Startup as a WRC». The experience of the Kutafin Moscow State Law University (MSAL) on the implementation of this project from the decision-making stage to the protection of the first works performed in the form of a startup project is presented. Taking into account the results of the full cycle of the «Startup as a WRC» program, the general principles of its implementation are formulated. Methodological and organizational proposals were made to improve the «Startup as a WRC» program.
Features of the participation of non-profit organizations in the real sector of the economy
Authors: Svit Yu. P. , Shcherbakova M. A.
Published: November 2023

The article discusses the debatable issues of determining the role and limits of participation of non-profit organizations in the real sector. Based on the analysis of the doctrine, legal acts and judicial practice, it is substantiated that the legal regime of the economic activity of NCOs is determined by the peculiarities of the legal status and legal personality of nonprofit organizations and most of them are participants in the real sector of the economy. At the same time, the legislation does not adequately regulate the mechanism for balancing the interests of NPOs and their counterparties, including consumers.
Digital business, micro-entrepreneurship and self-employment: synergy enabling innovation
Authors: Trofimova E. V. , Troitskiy N. A.
Published: November 2023

The achievement of the national goal of digital transformation of society is due to the availability of modern and high-quality digital services to a wide range of businesses, among which microenterprises and the selfemployed prevail quantitatively. In turn, digital business is in need of obtaining large amounts of data from business entities, the analysis of which makes it possible to make important management decisions and ensures the development of new digital products based on artificial intelligence algorithms. An overview of online services intended for self-employed and microenterprises, and used by them both free of charge and on a reimbursable basis, is presented. The conclusion is made about the symbiotic nature of the relations under consideration. Such risk factors as the self-employed and microenterprises becoming dependent on the digital services of large suppliers, as well as the impossibility for SMEs developing similar digital services to compete on an equal footing with “digital giants” are identified. The results of the study can be used to improve the digital ecosystem focused on the needs of SMEs and self-employed citizens.
Reorganization of Family Companies in the UK and Spain as a vector of progressive development of family entrepreneurship in the Russian Federation
Authors: Levushkin A. N.
Published: November 2023

There is no perfectly developed institution of reorganization of family companies functioning as a family business organization and conducting entrepreneurial activity in any legal system in the world today. First of all, this is due to the fact that the object and at the same time the subject of this kind of legal relations are family companies, as legal entities, which, as you know, are a very abstract construction. Their status is not clearly defined by law. The article presents the essential features of the reorganization of family companies in the UK and Spain, which are identified as areas of progressive development of family entrepreneurship in the Russian Federation by improving the legislative regulation of the reorganization of domestic family companies.
The dynamics of the electrophysiological parameters of hands nervous during hormone replacement therapy in patients with newly diagnosed hypothyroidism
Authors: Nikischenkova A. S. , Zhulev S. N. , Zhulev N. M. , Halimov Yu. Sh. , Karpenko M. N. , Nikitina M. P. , Shubnaya A. I. , Karabanovich E. V.
Published: November 2023

To clarify the pathogenesis of neuropathy in 20 patients with newly diagnosed primary (thyrogenous) hypothyroidism in the background of autoimmune thyroiditis electroneuromyographic study of hand nerves before and after the start of hormone replacement therapy was conducted. At the beginning of the study, all patients were diagnosed with manifest hypothyroidism. The serum levels of thyroid stimulating hormone were elevated, and the concentration of free thyroxin was reduced. At the end of the study (after 6 months), the concentration of thyroid stimulating hormone and free thyroxine in the blood serum were within reference values, which indicated the effectiveness of treatment of hypothyroidism. During electroneuromyographic examination before treatment in 5 patients were recorded normal levels compared to normative data by age and sex. In 15 recorded the data for violation of the sensory fibers. Data for breach of conduct has not been received by the motor fibers. After 6 months of starting hormone replacement therapy data for violation of the sensory and motor fibers had been received from 14 of 20 patients. 6 noted the positive dynamics of electroneuromyography. The lateralization of the severity of the lesions of the nerve fibers depended on the leading arm. Thus, the decrease in the amplitude of the sensory potential of the median was more pronounced in the right, leading arm. For the ulnar nerve, this dependence of the lateralization of the lesion was not detected.

With this stimulus electroneuromyography been identified primary lesion of nerves and clarify the role of the effect of hormone replacement therapy on the development of neuropathies.
Leukocytic reaction as a marker of prepathological shifts in cases of benzene poisoning
Authors: Orujev R. A. , Jafarova R. E.
Published: November 2023

Benzene is one of the most widespread environmental contaminants, which is able to reduce the body resistance even at low doses. Therefore, certain criteria should be developed that allow to identify the early stages of intoxication. With this objective in view, we studied the changes occurring in peripheral blood elements against the background of intoxication of the experimental animals with low doses of benzene. 36 experimental rabbits, divided into three groups, were used for the study. The rabbits in the first and second group were exposed accordingly to gradually increased and fluctuated concentrations of benzene, whereas the third group was used as the control group. Chronic exposure to benzene continued for 4 months. Determination of peripheral blood total leukocyte, eosinocyte, basocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte and monocyte counts as well as their qualitative characterization (such as cell nucleus shape, existence of cytoplasmic grains and vacuoles and etc.) revealed that the study characteristics of the 1st group exhibit significant changes as compared to the control group. The maximal amplitudes of these changes were observed at the end of the third month. At the same time, left neutrophilic shift of regenerative type was observed, while the lymphocyte count reached the upper normal level. One month after the benzene exposure termination all indicators were normalized and returned to baseline and control levels. In the 2nd group, the total count of leukocytes and eozonocytes significantly increased one month after the beginning of the study. The rabbits within the group developed leukopenia by the end of the study. Not all indicators returned to baseline levels one month after termination of benzene exposure, which reflects the insufficiency of this period for the recovery after such scheme of exposure.
Cytogenetic alterations in the conversion facility workers
Authors: Sosyukin A. E. , Arzhavkina L. G. , Verveda A. B. , Pimburskiy V. F. , Zhekalov A. N. , Kharchenko T. V.
Published: November 2023

Chromosomal aberrations analysis was performed in peripheral blood lymphocytes of the two groups of Siberian Chemical plant employers – sublimation factory staff and the administration. Chromosomal aberrations frequency (7,24±0,048 per 100 cells) in the sublimation factory staff were significantly (р0,001) increased relative to the administration group (1,29±0,66 per 100 cells) mainly because increasing of single fragments. This type of chromosomal aberrations in staff was 6,4±0,41 per 100 cells vs. 1±0,52 in the administration group (p0,001). The rates of chromatid and chromosome types of chromosomal aberrations were comprised. The high level of chromosomal aberrations in the sublimation factory staff indicate to mutagenicity of occupational factors of the factory. Low level of chromosome type of chromosomal aberrations indicate an absence of important radiation exposure. Bias of the chromatid type of chromosomal aberrations allows proposing of the leading role of non-radiation factors in the formation of genotoxic effects in the sublimation factory staff. It draws attention to issues of chemical safety of the enterprise. These results suggest the need for regular cytogenetic monitoring at the Siberian Chemical Plant, even under favorable radiological situation.
Relationship between microbial endotoxemia and functional status in hospitalized patients with acute decompensated heart failure
Authors: Vlasov A. A. , Salikova S. P. , Grinevich V. B. , Osipov G. A. , Bystrova O. V. , Shalupkina V. P. , Golovkin N. V.
Published: November 2023

Lipopolysaccharide of gram-negative bacteria associated with a more severe course and poor prognosis of patients with chronic heart failure. However, its origin and relation to the functional status of patients remains unclear. Goal. To determine the origin and the severity of endotoxemia, and to establish its correlation with parameters of functional status of patients with acute decompensated heart failure. Materials and methods. Examined 20 in-patients with acute decompensated heart failure with reduced ejection fraction of the left ventricle at the age of 61±1,7 years. With the help of the standard tests in the first 3 days of treatment was assessed the functional status of patients, level and origin of endotoxin was determined using the method of mass spectrometry microbial markers. Results. The total level of endotoxin in the blood were 0,27±0,026 nmol/ml, exceeding the reference values only 10% of patients. The main sources of endotoxemia in the study sample were Prevotella spp. Kingella spp. Helicobacter pylori. Also defined components of endotoxin Fusobacterium spp./Haemophilus spp., Campylobacter mucosalis, Alcaligenes spp., Acinetobacter spp. Flavo spp. The identified significant medium-strength connection between the number of Prevotella spp. Kingella spp. level of endotoxin and indicators of functional status: the number of points on the scale of assessment of clinical status and distance test six-minute walk. Revealed a moderate increase in aspartate aminotransferase, also correlated with the level of microbial markers. Conclusion. In patients with acute decompensated heart failure failure in 90% of cases the level of endotoxin is in the range of normal values, thus there is a relationship of the level of endotoxin in the blood and the number of gram-negative microorganisms in the jejunum intestine with functional status of patients. Further accumulation of facts for a more accurate understanding of the role of the er in heart failure. The use of methods modespecific display may help to explain the diversity of biological effects of endotoxin.
Prostheses from the decellularized aorta and bioresorbable material in vivo
Authors: Alexandrov V. N. , Kriventsov A. V. , Mikhailovа E. V. , Figurkina M. A. , Sokolova M. O. , Yudin V. E. , Popryadukhin P. V. , Khubulava G. G.
Published: November 2023

Modern vascular prostheses are prone to thrombosis and infections. Effective anticoagulant antibacterial therapy approaches and the development of other prostheses materials are very relevant today. In this context, prostheses from the decellularized vessel and bioresorbable material, polylactide for example, are of great interest due to the high probability of endogenous endothelization induced by the extracellular protein matrix, followed by the formation of the autogenic matrix of the vessel. Such blood vessels are characterized by atrombogenicity, porosity of the structure, prone to integration with the vascular wall of the recipient, endothelization, matrix and vessel formation. We would like to emphasize that such prostheses are capable of growth and are suitable not only for adults, but also for children with cardiovascular defects. However, our study of these prostheses in the dynamics of the posttransplantation period did not match the expected results: the prosthesis from the decellularized aorta turned out to be unsuitable within the first month after transplantation. The prosthesis from the bioresorbable material didn’t cause complications but conceal the risk of spontaneous insolvency caused by predetermined bioresorption and postponement formation of extracellular matrix. We assumed that the hybrid biosynthetic prosthesis consisting of two layers: the inner one made of a bioresorbable thrombo-resistant material and the outer one – from a decellularized vessel may be the decision. The internal bioresorbable layer will remove the problems of thrombosis, the formation of an aneurysm, and the external layer from the vascular matrix will ensure the migration into the prosthesis of the cells of the precursors of endotheliocytes and myocytes.
Psychophysiological assessment of risk factors for hypertension in men of conscript age
Authors: Glazyrina T. M. , Dnov K. V. , Korzunin V. A. , Kuznetsova E. V. , Nazarov S. S. , Ovchinnikov B. V. , Yusupov V. V. , Yatmanov A. N. , Tolstoy O. A.
Published: November 2023

208 men of draft age from 18 to 26 years were examined. According to the level of arterial pressure, the subjects were assigned to one of three groups: I - with normal and optimal blood pressure (n=65); II – with arterial hypertension 1 degree (n=63); III – with arterial pressure within the high normal pressure (n=80). In patients with hypertension 1 degree at rest, the displacement of the vegetative balance is determined in the direction of predominance of the sympathetic tone and the predominance of central regulation of the heart rhythm. At them during a stressful loading in comparison with those surveyed with normal indices of arterial pressure, the lower consistency of factors that determine the sense of time perception, lower psychomotor characteristics, lower ability to differentiate psychomotor processes in the central nervous system, lower efficiency is determined. In general, for those suffering from hypertension of 1 degree, low psychophysiological resistance to stress is characteristic. On the basis of discriminant modeling, a highly informative model was developed for determining the presence of risk factors for arterial hypertension (λ-Wilks (0,40493), F (3,124) =40,526 at p=0,0000, predictive power 82,8%). Young men with high-normal pressure and the presence of risk factors after 1,5 years demonstrate a significant (p0,05) increase in the severity of systolic blood pressure compared with those examined without risk factors, with initially the same indicators.
Assessment of mine action shock absorption chair of the crew member of fighting vehicle on compliance to ergonomic requirements
Authors: Moiseev Yu. B. , Ryzhenkov S. P. , Strakhov A. Yu. , Yakovlev S. V.
Published: November 2023

Effectiveness of protection of crew members of armoured equipment against blasting of antivehicle mine depends not only from antistriking characteristics of the chair, but also from its ergonomic characteristics and from the ability of crew members to use protection means properly. The ergonomic characteristics of mine action shock absorption chair were examined analytically – the chair characteristics were compared with the demands of normative documents and by experimental way – in experiments with subjects. Geometrical characteristics of the developed mine action shock absorption chair for protection of crew members of armoured equipment against blasting of antitransport mine generally conforms to requirements of GOST 2188976 «The person operator’s chair. General ergonomic requirements». Differences from requirements of GOST do not conduct to decrease in its ergonomic characteristics. The design of chair fastened system allows to adjust independently belts of fastened system and quickly be recorded in a chair. In the study with participation of 15 subjects it is established that 30minute stay in a chair in summer and winter equipment does not conduct to serious violations of convenience and does not cause noticeable decrease in health, activity and mood of subjects. Placement in winter equipment is a little more comfortable, than in summer equipment. The greatest inconvenience noted by the subjects is connected with the head restraint design, in insufficient degree providing the head support. So, in spite of several small shortcomings, the model of mine action shock absorption chair showed the acceptable level of ergonomic characteristics and in allows to recommend it for conducting further dynamic tests.
Adaptation at combined (cold and painful) influence in experiment
Authors: Leontev O. V. , Dushenin V. G. , Kuzmin S. G.
Published: November 2023

In experiment on rats males of the line Vistar regularities of adaptation are considered at combined (cold – swimming in water at a temperature +7oС with the lead sinker (10% of body weight) attached to a root of a tail and painful – introduction under a plantar aponeurosis of 2% of solution of formalin) influence. It is established that cold influence reduces adaptive abilities of an organism and quicker leads to disadaptation. Painful influence stimulates ability to adaptation, but negatively influences resources of vegetative regulation. Course introduction of a korteksin (10 injections) leads to improvement of indicators of physical working capacity (lengthening of time of swimming), regulation of a warm rhythm and normalization of indicators of stressful reaction. Korteksin, as we know, leads to activation of fermental system of neurons and neurotrophic factors of a brain; optimizes balance of a metabolism of exciting and brake amino acids: glutamate, dopamine, serotonin, gamma аминомасляной acids, improves bioelectric activity of a brain, prevents education of free radicals (products of lipid peroxidation). Besides, such action of a korteksin allows to understand more precisely features of dynamics and formation of processes of adaptation, a readaptation and disadaptation. Thus, use of a korteksin in the conditions of emergency situations can become important help in increase of physical working capacity, endurance and a survival of animals and, apparently, the person.
Disorders of the hemostatic system as a possible predictor of emergency in divers
Authors: Staroselskaya A. N. , Zhavoronkov L. P.
Published: November 2023

The article presents experimental data on the effect of hyperoxia, antiorthostasis and their combined effect on the hemostatic system in Wistar rats. It was found that the both hyperoxia and antiorthostasis caused acceleration of the final stage of blood clotting, increasing the concentration of fibrinogen and the appearance of soluble fibrin monomer complexes. The potential danger of thrombosis caused by hyperoxia or antiorthostasis is worsen by reducing fibrinolytic activity of blood plasma. No changes in the platelet hemostasis were observed. Combined action of hyperoxia and antiorthostasis caused signs of activation of both the coagulation and platelet hemostasis. Platelet aggregation increased by 1,2 times compared to the control, indicating aggravating impact of the combined action of hyperoxia and antiorthostasis on platelet hemostasis and the prothrombin time, and caused changes in the direction of anticoagulation. The combined action caused also more pronounced reduction of fibrinolytic activity of blood and enhanced level of soluble fibrin monomer complexes, which were one of the earliest markers of hidden thrombinemia. We believe that in people with a balance in the hemostasis system shifted toward increased thrombophilia, etc., with the combined action of hyperoxia and antiorthostasis, the compensatory capabilities of the hemostatic system will be depleted and lead to the development of pathological conditions. Taking this into account, we recommend to divers the in-depth control of the hemostasis system in order to prevent her disorders.
Polymyalgia rheumatica: clinical features and diagnostics
Authors: Dorokhov G. Yu. , Gordienko A. V. , Makoveeva O. V. , Barsukov A. V.
Published: November 2023

Current data on epidemiology, pathomorphology, clinical manifestations and diagnosis of polymyalgia rheumatica is presented. Polymyalgia rheumatica occurs only in persons over 50 years of age. The etiological factors of the disease remain unknown. The pathomorphology of the disease is characterized by the absence of polyorganity and morphological changes in the study of biopsies of diseased muscles, inflammation of predominantly extraarticular synovial structures. The pain in the muscles has a constant, usually aching character, sharply increased during movement and persists at night. The intensity of pain depends on the activity of the disease. The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs has no significant effect on the intensity of myalgia. Often, a few weeks after the onset of the disease, seronegative arthritis appears. Synovitis is characterized by a benign course, absence of erosive changes in the joint and joint deformities. Symptoms of the disease grow gradually, reaching a maximum severity within a month. Characteristic is the appearance of anorexia and depression, weight loss, it is possible to attach subfebrile or febrile fever. In some patients there are signs of inflammation of the vessels in the form of subclinical, weakly expressed vasculitis or giant cell arteritis with lesions of the extracranial branches of the carotid arteries and signs of vascular insufficiency in the blood supplying organs. Specific laboratory criteria for polymyalgia rheumatica do not exist. Diagnosis of the disease is based on the analysis of a number of clinical, laboratory and instrumental features, united by experts of the European League against rheumatism and the American College of Rheumatology in the form of diagnostic criteria for rheumatic polymyalgia. The disease has a polymorphic clinical picture and similarity of symptoms with inflammatory diseases of the joints, as well as with myopathies against a background of various pathologies of internal organs and systems. Despite the presence of diagnostic criteria, the diagnosis is established after the exclusion of diseases with similar clinical manifestations. Recognition of polymyalgia rheumaticа is often associated with a large volume of research, which makes the disease difficult in a differential diagnostic plan and contributes to an increase in the duration of the verification period of the diagnosis.
From the experience of the organization of the 1st Ukrainian Front, medical evacuation support of tank armies in the Lvov-Sandomierz offensive
Authors: Kulnev S. V. , Shelepov A. M. , Tsogoev V. E. , Latypov I. F. , Lantsov E. V. , Ovchinnikov D. V. , Shatilo Yu. V. , Korolev V. O.
Published: November 2023

The Great Patriotic War convincingly demonstrated the successful operation of the system of medicalevacuation support of the Red Army, developed based on the experience of previous wars and improved in the course of military operations, as well as provisions made in different periods of Russian military medicine development of its leading representatives: N.I. Pirogov V.A. Oppel, B.K. Leonardov. In the prewar period, the field of military medical organization of the Red Army passed the stage of formation. It is established that the activities of the medical service, the 1st, 3rd Guards and 4th Tank armies in the Lvov-Sandomierz offensive is a typical example of medical-evacuation support of the army associations in the great Patriotic war. Forms and methods of organization developed in the course of the war, has not lost its value in modern conditions. These include: the formation of specialized surgical and therapeutic field mobile hospitals, the creation of groups of medical institutions of tank armies on the evacuation destinations and reserves of collapsed hospitals, and transport, the timely movement of the first echelons of the hospital base of the 1st Ukrainian front to change the deployed hospital establishments database, the 1st, 3rd Guards and 4th Tank armies. Calculation of sanitary transport have indicated the need for the involvement of vehicles, medical and sanitary battalions to evacuate the wounded from the army medical institutions, and also widely used empty transport supply. The internal transportation was supposed to be the vehicles of the 179th field evacuation point. In terms of medical-evacuation support of the 1st, 3rd guards and 4th tank armies were clearly defined evacuation in hospitals only surgically untreated wounded. All other wounded and sick, after providing them with quality medical assistance to the divisional medical stations were subject to evacuation to hospitals of the 1st, 3rd Guards and 4th Tank armies of the 1st Ukrainian Front. In the 1st, 3rd Guards and 4th Tank armies, due to the folded reserve hospitals, groups of medical and economic personnel were created to serve the non-transportable wounded. The use of these groups greatly facilitated maneuver by the forces and means of the medical service of tank formations. The study of the experience of the organization of medical and evacuation support for the 1st, 3rd Guards and 4th Tank armies of the First Ukrainian Front in the Lvov-Sandomir operation provides material for the development of the theory of medical evacuation of modern operations and the ability to ensure, on this basis, continuity in the work of medical institutions, the continuity of the provision of qualified and specialized medical care, improve the indicators of medical and diagnostic work
The application of the operation according to the method Billroth-I in cancer patients: past and present
Authors: Morgoshia T. Sh. , Mosoyan S. S.
Published: November 2023

Surgery that involves complete removal of the tumor remains the only method which gives hope for cure of the patient, despite the significant number of combined and complex treatment methods of this disease. However, many provisions of this concept have changed drastically. It is shown that most authors today recommend after resection of the stomach to restore, if possible, the natural anatomical relationship, which provides the best functional results. At the same time noted that some researchers prefer the second method Billroth, some of them are staunch opponents of resection of the stomach according to the method Billroth-I in cancer. This opinion is based on the assumption that resection of the stomach according to the second embodiment Billroth better allows radicalism in the treatment of malignant neoplasms of this localization. The main constraint to the use of the most physiological surgery is the conventional wisdom about supposedly her cancer nerdycellist. The author substantiates the position that the intervention in the modification operations according to the method Billroth-I does not increase the number of postoperative complications, no differences in long-term results of surgical treatment of gastric cancer for two methods of reconstruction of digestive tract continuity after Subtotal distal resection. At the same time, the quality of life of patients better after the reconstruction of the digestive tract with gastroduodenal anastomosis. Exploring the indications for distal Subtotal gastrectomy according to the method Billroth-I, the majority of authors deem this method of restoring continuity of the gastro-intestinal tract only when early cancer, exophytic forms (I – II stage), located in the angle of the stomach or lower third of his body, and the absence of metastases in regional lymph nodes.
Pathogenetic rationale for the formation of somatic pathology with prolonged exposure to low-frequency noise
Authors: Kovalenko I. Yu. , Stepanov A. V. , Seleznev A. B. , Sayfullin R. F. , Ponomarev D. B.
Published: November 2023

Pathological changes in the central nervous, respirator y, digestive systems and blood coagulation of experimental animals and humans as effects of low-frequency noise are analyzed. The mechanisms of direct (as a result of mechanotransduction) and central (due to the stimulation of an extensive receptor field) action of low-frequency noise on the organism are described in more detail. The effect of excessive activation of lipid peroxidation mechanisms as a result of oxidative stress on the initiation of pathological changes in various organs and systems with noise exposure was noted. It is shown that the main target of the action, ultimately, are the membranes of nerve cells. It was found out that one of the effects of low-frequency noise is an increase in the proliferation of extracellular matrix (collagen and elastin) without signs of an inflammatory process leading to an increase in the structural integrity of various organs (pericardium, vessels, lungs, liver). The existence of two clinical notions of the effects of noise exposure «noise disease» (domestic term) or «vibroacoustic disease» (a foreign analogue, more characteristic for low-frequency noise) is shown. The priority role of the central nervous system in the emergence and progression of somatic pathology in «noise» («vibroacoustic») disease is substantiated. The possibility of formation (in addition to neurosensory hearing loss) of nosological forms of encephalopathy, essential hypertension and emphysema in persons professionally and continuously exposed to intense low-frequency noise is shown. The interrelation and interdependence of disturbances in the central nervous, blood circulation and respiratory systems in response to the dysregulating effect of intense acoustic oscillations was revealed. It has been clarified that the unifying pathogenetic link of damages of various organs and systems in response to the action of low-frequency noise is the changes at the microcirculatory level.
Military medical аcademy in the period of socio-economic structure change in Russia: historical рarallels
Authors: Matveev S. A. , Shalygin L. D. , Zykov A. V.
Published: November 2023

The historical Parallels between the events that took place at the Military medical аcademy in the period of change of social system in the country. The role and achievements were at that time leaders in the preservation and development of the institution. Their example clearly shown the role of personality in critical national periods. Despite the difficult political developments in the last century, Military medical аcademy not only retained its vitality, but also rapidly increased the pace of its development in all directions. Historical parallels convincingly showed that in the last century, when the socio-economic formations in our country changed, the Military medical аcademy not only maintained its vitality, but rapidly recovered from the upheavals, increased its development rates in all directions. This was an invaluable merit of those who led it. It was distinguished scholars, theorists, and clinicians, with the highest moral qualities, humanists, has a tremendous organizational skills. V.A. Yurevich, V.A. Oppel, M.D. Il’in, V.N. Tonkov, Yu. L. Shevchenko occupy a particularly important place in the history of the Academy. Their management of аcademy took place at crucial periods of the existence of our country. They managed not only to preserve this unique military medical facility, but to bring it to a new, higher level of development. Pafos, with whom the anniversary of the Academy was celebrated, became a recognition of its unprecedented contribution to the formation and development of medical science and education in our country. On December 17, 1998, the President of the Russian Federation issued a decree «On the Inclusion of the Military Medical Academy in the State Register of Highly Valuable Objects of the Cultural Heritage of the Peoples of the Russian Federation». The Decree was signed by the President of the Russian Federation B. Yeltsin.
Organization of the Soviet armed forces medical supply in 1950’s and 1960’s
Authors: Miroshnichenko Yu. V. , Bunin S. A. , Kononov V. N. , Perfilev A. B. , Kostenko N. L.
Published: November 2023

A historical analysis of the development of troops (forces) medical supply system after the Great Patriotic War finished in 1950’s and 1960’s has been given. Steps to restore country’s medical and chemical-pharmaceutical industry, that stimulated the improvement of the medical equipment supply of the military units and institutions, have been shown. It was found that the five-years targets of the national economy for the post-war recovery and development plan during 1946-1950, which provides increasing of drug, medical products, medical devices and equipment production have been achieved, and in many cases exceeded. Transferring troops (forces) medical supply system to work under new conditions has been studied. It was revealed that in spite of the specificity and existing difficulties in the state and military construction in the 1950’s and 1960’s of the 20th century, it was possible to establish planned medical supply system in the Soviet Army and Navy in short time. The contribution of the Military Medical Academy of S.M. Kirov to develop official documents, create new models of medical supply and training the military pharmaceutical personnel has been shown. Special attention is given to the role of war members who contributed a lot in scientific and educational work on the issue of supplying troops (forces) with medical equipment. It is established that the reorganization of troops (forces) medical supply system made it possible not only to increase the effectiveness of military health care, but also to contribute strengthening the country’s defense toward the global confrontation and «cold war» started.
The contribution of Vasily Ilyich Kopanev into the fundamental and practical training of aviation doctors (to the 90th anniversary of V.I. Kopanev)
Authors: Blaginin A. A. , Shabalin V. N.
Published: November 2023

The main milestones of life and creative path of one of the heads of scientific school of aviation and space medicine Vasily Ilyich Kopanev – doctor of medical sciences, professor, Honored Scientist of Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Major-General of Medical Service are presented. Professor Kopanev V.I. is widely known with his investigations of psychophysiological specifics of flight specialists work, searchings of the ways to correct organism functional. Explored the dynamics of the parameters of the vestibular analyzer under the action of Coriolis acceleration. Priority developments of issues of vestibular stability, hidden forms of motion sickness of pilots and cosmonauts belong to V.I. Kopanev. V.I. Kopanev was the highly qualified pedagogue and organisator. He owns the important role in forming of structure-logical teaching scheme the academy’s aviation doctors, preparation of the list of practical skills and abilities, that are subject to obligatory working off in teaching lessons. Under his leadership the department of aviation and cosmic medicine became profile for the faculty of training doctors for the air force. In the education work he was paying a lot of attention to practical orientation of teaching and to the the improvement of the department laboratory base in accordance with the requirements of the everyday professional activities of aviation doctors. Under his leadership was made training base reconstruction of with the following creation of the thematic classrooms.
Characteristic versus Gutenberg–Richter Nucleation-Based Magnitude–Frequency Distributions in the New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model 2022
Authors: Thingbaijam Kiran Kumar S. , Gerstenberger Matt C. , Rollins Chris , Van Dissen Russ J. , Rastin Sepideh J. , DiCaprio Chris J. , Rhoades David A. , Christophersen Annemarie
Published: November 2023

Probabilistic seismic hazard analysis requires a seismicity rate model, or in other words, a forecast of earthquake rates. In the New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model 2022, the seismicity rate model is constructed through independent forecasts of earthquakes on mapped faults and earthquakes distributed over cells in a spatial grid. Here, we explore the seismicity rate model for upper plate (hypocenter ≥ 40 km) events, to investigate the shape of magnitude–frequency distributions (MFDs) considering events nucleating (or for which the hypocenters are located) within individual fault zone. We find that more than 80% of the fault zones have MFDs that are better described by a Gutenberg–Richter (GR) distribution, instead of a characteristic distribution (i.e., rates of larger magnitudes much higher than the GR trend). Furthermore, the MFD classifications are neither influenced by time-dependent (and time-independent) considerations nor directly affected by the size (or area) of the fault zones. Fault zones with faster slip rates (>20 mm/yr) exhibit characteristic MFDs, whereas those with slower slip rates may or may not. Although multifault ruptures are prevalent in the characteristic distributions, large maximum magnitude (Mw >8.0) plays a pivotal role producing a characteristic MFD. On the other hand, physically unconnected multifault ruptures (i.e., involving rupture jumps ≥ 10 km) are mostly observed with GR distributions.
Morphometric analysis of tree species from the central region of Imperatriz-MA municipality
Authors: Matheus Santos Costa Kellyson , Angelo Dalton , Matos da Silva Cristiane , Araújo da Silva Wilson , Rodrigues Schneider Chaiane , Macedo Gomes Jaqueline
Published: November 2023

Urban forestry is essential in urban environments and if poorly planned, ends up affecting its efficiency and the society quality of life, generating conflicts with urban infrastructure. Morphometry allows the growth dynamics of the tree component to be known, predicting the space needed for its development and stability, silvicultural actions and appropriate management in urban environments. In this sense, the objective was to analyze the most common tree species in the central region of the Imperatriz-MA municipality, in terms of their composition and morphometric parameters. Thus, through a census in 228 blocks, all individuals had their dendrometric parameters measured and 2,321 trees, distributed in 69 species and 26 families were counted. Of the total number of individuals, 66% were exotic species and 34% native, with M. tomentosa being the most representative. As for the morphometric parameters, the average total height of the most representative species was 6.2 m, the height of the first bifurcation was 1.2 m, the crown height was 2.1 m, and the average DBH was 0.25 m. The average diameter and the average crown area obtained were 5.37 m and 26.83 m², respectively. As a result, it can be concluded that the Imperatriz forestry can be considered young with recent plantings and also with inadequately managed plants in the adult stage. Azadirachta indica should be progressively replaced by regional native species, with the young tree component managed to provide maximum canopy area and tall forked trunks that occupy less space on the pavement, regardless of their size.
The State of Parana’s Municipal Finance System: A Model for Financing Sustainable Development for Brazil’s Municipalities?
Authors: Hobbs Jason , Alves Dalve Alexandre Soria , Vetter David M.
Published: November 2023

This paper explores the Brazilian State of Paranás urban development fund in financing municipal infrastructure. It seeks to address two main questions: the success of Paranás Municipal Finance System (SFM) in financing infrastructure and institutional development and providing technical assistance and the SFMs contribution to national economic objectives.
The Autonomous Rights in the Canonical Legal Order, Central to Carrying out the rights of Minors
Authors: Dzierżon Ginter
Published: November 2023

In the study presented, the author points out the dilemmas which arose as a result of his reflection on the clause “except in cases in which minors, on the basis of divine law or canon law, are excluded from the authority of their parents or guardians,” included in can. 98 § 2 of the Code of Canon Law, in the context of the problem of autonomous rights to exercise the powers of minors in the canonical legal order. Without questioning the legitimacy of the introduction of the clause, he showed that the reference in it to Divine law generates serious difficulties of interpretation due to the fact that the autonomous matters of minors that result from the positivisation process in the canonical legal order, have not been precisely articulated. He pointed out that it is very difficult to draw clear, precise boundaries between divine law and positive law. He expressed the view that the autonomy of the powers of minors is not absolute in relation to matters of divine law, opting for the possibility for parents or guardians to correct attitudes.

In view of the current scant state of the canonical heritage on this issue, which basically boils down to an exemplary enumeration of powers by the commentators of can. 98 § 2 of the Code of Canon Law (can. 89 CIC/17), the author postulates, suggesting more reliable research on this interesting issue.
Terreiro Dois Irmão como um espaço museal da cidade de Belém (PA
Authors: Melo Diogo Jorge de , Campos Marcelo Coelho
Published: November 2023

O artigo se propõe a discutir o Terreiro Dois Irmãos como um espaço museal da cidade de Belém. Compondo um exercício epistêmico que busca compreender os terreiros como agentes ativos da restituição das culturas afrodiaspóricas, preservando suas memórias e cunhando identidades. Para isso apresenta uma discussão sobre processos de patrimonialização e musealização de terreiros, elucidando que essa compreensão vai para além destes processos. Defendendo que o cerne desse processo museal encontra-se na sociabilidade e vitalidade culturais, que se estabelecem por seus processos de existência, resistência e vigência. Aspecto em que destaca a conceituação de fratrimônio, que conduz conceitualmente a descrição do espaço físico do Terreiro Dois Irmãos e suas relações simbólicas.
The relationship between chemerin gene polymorphism and the incidence of various diseases
Authors: Mazloomi Sahar , Taghi Goodarzi Mohammad
Published: November 2023

Adipose tissue is recognized as an endocrine organ that influences the health status of other tissues by releasing various adipokines. Chemerin is one such adipokine, and its serum level exhibits a positive correlation with the amount of fat tissue and obesity. Certain genetic polymorphisms of chemerin, namely rs17173608, rs1799983, rs693, rs4721, and rs3735167, are known to be associated with diseases such as diabetes, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), obesity, insulin resistance (IR), cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome (MetS), end stage renal disease (ESRD), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Existing data suggest that chemerin is also associated with inflammatory diseases. This review focuses on the association between the genetic variants or polymorphisms of chemerin and some pathological states.
The Effect of Recommended Mouthwashes on the Shear Bond Strength of Orthodontic Brackets During the Covid-19 Pandemic: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Mirhashemi AmirHossein , Bahrami Rashin
Published: November 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the impact of recommended mouthwashes (chlorhexidine, hydrogen peroxide, and povidone-iodine) used during the COVID-19 pandemic on the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic brackets.
Materials and Methods: A total of 52 human premolar teeth were divided into 4 groups (N=13) consisting of no intervention (control group), 0.2% chlorhexidine, 1.5% hydrogen peroxide, and 0.2% povidone-iodine. Following immersion in the mouthwashes, orthodontic brackets were bonded to enamel surfaces. Then, the brackets were debonded using a universal testing machine. The specimens were evaluated with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and adhesive remnant index (ARI) score was assessed. One-way ANOVA and Tukey test were used for statistical analysis and P<0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The SBS of the experimental groups decreased compared to the control group. The highest SBS mean value was observed in the controls and the lowest was found in the 0.2% povidone-iodine group. Significant differences in SBS values were found between the 0.2% povidone-iodine group and the 1.5% hydrogen peroxide group when compared to the control group (P=0.023, P=0.028, respectively). SEM analysis revealed similar characteristics among the groups, with a closer resemblance between the chlorhexidine and control groups. Additionally, these groups exhibited greater etching depth compared to the other groups.
Conclusion: Our findings highlight the importance of careful selection and application of mouthwashes in orthodontic procedures. While 1.5% hydrogen peroxide and 0.2% povidone-iodine may have some impact on bond strength, their use can still be considered acceptable within defined limits.