bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Az első tapasztalatok a palliatív onkoteamrendszer működésével kapcsolatban a Pécsi Tudományegyetemen
Authors: Mangel László , Lukács Miklós , Hajnal András , Sárkány Henrik , Forgács-Menyhért Mónika , Varga Zsuzsanna , Herendi Eszter , Papp Emőke , Jéglné Illés Zsuzsanna , Szigeti Nóra , Almási Róbert , Ferencz Sándor , Kanizsai Péter , Sebestyén Andor , Csikós Ágnes
Published: August 2020

Absztrakt:

Bevezetés és célkitűzés: Az előrehaladott, áttétes daganatos
betegek megfelelő tüneti és életvégi ellátása, illetve ennek elérése komoly
kihívás minden egészségügyi ellátó számára. A palliatív onkoteamrendszer
kialakításával célunk a betegek időbeni palliatív ellátásba vonása és a
konzekvencia nélküli sürgősségi kivizsgálások és ellátások számának lehetőség
szerinti csökkentése volt. Módszer és eredmények: A palliatív
onkoteam megbeszéléseit kéthetente tartottuk meg; a team állandó tagjai
palliatív szakorvos, onkológus, belgyógyász, pszichiáter, szakápoló,
pszichológus voltak, de időszakosan más szakemberek is csatlakoztak. 2019 májusa
és 2020 januárja között 93, előrehaladott stádiumú daganatos betegnél 97 eseti
megbeszélést tartottunk, egy-egy ülésen 6–10 beteg esetét tárgyaltuk végig.
Minden esetben meghatároztuk a beteg további palliatív ellátásának formáját
(szakrendelésen jelentkezés, otthoni szakellátás, intézeti elhelyezés) és azt,
hogy adott esetben még szóba jön-e további aktív onkológiai ellátás. A
megbeszélésre került betegek esetében pár hónap eltelte után a felesleges
sürgősségi megjelenések számában egyértelmű csökkenés mutatkozott.
Következtetés: A kezdeti, sokszor heves érzelmekkel is
kísért megbeszélések rövid időn belül komoly operatív szakmai fórummá váltak.
Úgy gondoljuk, hogy ez a rendszer is komolyan hozzájárulhat ahhoz, hogy az
előrehaladott daganatos betegek időben palliatív szakellátáshoz jussanak, és
ahhoz is, hogy a gyógyító onkológiai attitűd fokozatosan segítő orvosi
hozzáállássá tudjon válni. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(34): 1423–1430.
Recuperación crítica y devolución sistemática del retorno a la tierra de Orlando Fals Borda
Authors: Suarez Normando
Published: August 2020

El artículo recorre de manera meticulosa en diversas fuentes primarias, secundarias y terciarias la producción del maestro Fals Borda desde 1953 con su primer trabajo académico “Notas sobre la evolución del vestido campesino en la Colombia central” hasta la última disertación del 28 de marzo del 2008 en Memphis (Tenesse) con motivo de haber recibido el Premio Malinowski. Se centra en un tema crucial: la recuperación crítica y la devolución sistemática, como herramientas claves de la IAP, que puedan aplicarse en el contexto actual de suma importancia para el país: la superación del conflicto y el avance en la construcción de un escenario de postconflicto.
La Cantata Riberana. Música y política en Historia Doble de la Costa de Orlando Fals Borda
Authors: Robles Lomeli Jafte Dilean
Published: August 2020

Realiza un paralelo entre Historia Doble de la Costa, y la vocación como compositor de música de Orlando Fals Borda. Se reconstruye la estructura musical de la cantata como instrumento hermenéutico de la realidad costeña para explorarla en los cuatro movimientos, cada uno de los cuales está dedicado a los tomos respectivos de la Historia Doble de la Costa. El tomo de Mompox y Loba como una obertura instrumental, el segundo movimiento, el del dúo Mier – Nieto, donde el cúmulo de voces trata el tema de la violencia política con una melodía alerta, ruidosa, el tercer movimiento, como un coro de rebusque y aguante, resistiendo en el San Jorge, y el cuarto movimiento, la despedida de la cantata, que se representa realmente como un retorno al origen, o como lo señala bien el título de este cuarto tomo, el retorno a la tierra.
De 1951 a 1978: Un rastreo desde la ruptura con el Estructural Funcionalismo hasta el Materialismo Histórico como filosofía de la historia en la vida y obra de Orlando Fals Borda
Authors: Ribero Balaguera Daniel
Published: August 2020

Recorriendo la obra del maestro como una muestra no sólo de su parábola vital, sino de su evolución paradigmática, el ensayo se sustenta sobre el problema del método científico, como preocupación permanente de Fals. Se indaga sobre la mirada estructural funcionalista del Fals inicial, las limitaciones que encontró en dicho paradigma, los hechos significativos de su vida personal y académica que le plantearon la urgencia de pensar o repensar categorías centrales del análisis sociológico tales como subversión o anti-élites. El ensayo profundiza en la propuesta metodológica y teórica, encaminada a generar una práctica sociológica nueva, propia, que se oponga a la tradicional práctica positivista, dominante en la sociología colombiana y latinoamericana.
El papel de las mujeres sobrevivientes en la Construcción de Paz en Colombia
Authors: Preciado Valencia Wilman , Pulido Varon Heidi Smith
Published: August 2020

El presente artículo reflexiona respecto a las contribuciones que hacen las mujeres sobrevivientes del conflicto armado a la paz en Colombia, a partir de dos categorías: la primera, explora la experiencia de las mujeres desde la perspectiva de la violencia patriarcal; la segunda, recoge los aportes que han hecho ellas a la construcción de paz. Entre otras conclusiones importantes se reconoce: cómo la violencia patriarcal contra las mujeres laceró su dignidad y pretendió minar su liderazgo político y social; cómo la acogida entre mujeres, no necesariamente vinculadas a estrategias institucionales de orden psicosocial, fortalecen su recuperación; y cómo las estrategias noviolentas pretenden movilizar a la sociedad colombiana a la solidaridad, y al reconocimiento de la otredad que representa la fragilidad de quienes han sufrido la violencia y demandan la consolidación de la paz.
A Comparison of Simulation-Based Education and Problem-Based Learning in Pre-Clinical Medical Undergraduates
Authors: Larsen Tyler , Jackson Nicholas J. , Napolitano Jason
Published: August 2020

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Introduction: Despite the increasing popularity of high-fidelity simulation (SIM), few studies compare the effectiveness of SIM with established small-group modalities such as problem-based learning (PBL) for factual learning among pre-clinical medical undergraduates. Methods:162 second-year medical students were randomized to two groups. The first group encountered teaching points related to the management of hypertensive emergency during a traditional PBL session, while the second group covered the same teaching points through SIM. Both groups then completed a post-test. The students were subsequently crossed-over to the opposite modality and assessed on teaching points related to the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbations. Results: A total of 162 students participated in the study. For the hypertension case, the average proportion of correct questions for the SIM intervention was 83% compared to 70% for the PBL intervention (OR = 3.1, 95% CI [1.3, 7.2], p=0.009). For the COPD case, the average proportion of correct questions for the SIM intervention was 73% compared to 51% for the PBL intervention (OR = 2.6, 95% CI [1.8, 3.8], p < 0.001). Conclusion:Students scored significantly higher with SIM in both cases, indicating that SIM may be superior to PBL for factual learning among students with limited clinical exposure.
Peculiarities of the stress-strain state of the “excavation – geo-environment” and “embankment – geo-environment” systems in the process of erecting them (part I)
Authors: Gorshkov Nikolay , Krasnov Mikhail , Jingwen Yuan , Jdanova Svetlana
Published: August 2020

Excavations and embankments are the most common ground transport structures, operational reliability and durability of which is determined by the stability of their sides and slopes. The first article deals with the features of stress-strain state and changes in stability of ground transport structures (excavations) based on modeling according to the certified program of finite element method GenIDE32. At modeling the layer-by-layer excavation of homogeneous soil from excavations with finite geometrical sizes was carried out. In the excavation edge array, in the field of displacement vector ui, appeared are poorly studied phenomena in the form of «rotation circles» or short vortices. These phenomena, discovered in model experiments (Yu.I. Soloviev, 1956), require detailed research in the future. Graphic results of the calculations performed allow one to see the appearance and development of zones of «plasticity» or limit state in the form of zones of «shift-compression», «compression-shift» and «stretching». Shift-compression zones and vice versa are shown as shaded finite elements at an angle crosswise, while stretch zones are shown as shaded vertically, horizontally and vertically, and horizontally finite elements. These zones, in the process of modeling, are drawn in the edges of the projections of a slide with vertical and horizontal cracks. The contours of the landslide prisms show themselves well when the average relative volume deformation values of ε are displayed on the screen. The display of this value in two colors defines the landslide contours in this figure. Sliding lines with the minimum value of the stability coefficient kst min pass near the borders, where values of this parameter are equal to zero. In this figure, in the upper part of the array, you can see the places where vertical cracks are formed. The analysis also uses graphs of stress-strain state trajectories in the space of stress tensor invariants σij and relative deformations εij in significant nodes and finite elements, located, including, in places of sliding lines with kst min. They make it possible to see from the volume and shape deformation graphs where the system with the calculated condition is located, for example, from the condition at which the body of the landslide was formed.
Wafer-type biscuit waste in meat-quail diets
Authors: Gonzaga Lucas Silva , Lana Sandra Roseli Valerio , Lana Geraldo Roberto Quintão , Barros Junior Romilton Ferreira , Leão Ana Patricia Alves , Santos Daniel Silva
Published: August 2020

Abstract Two experiments were carried out to evaluate the nutritional composition and effect of different levels of inclusion of wafer-type biscuit waste (WW) in the diet of European quail on production performance, carcass yield and economic viability. In the metabolizability trial, WW showed 87.45% DM, 4,128.53 kcal/kg GE, 3,833.14 kcal/kg AME, 3,818.92 kcal/kg AMEn, 9.37% CP and 17% EE. The metabolizability coefficients of DM, GE, EE and CP were 93.20, 92.85, 93.01 and 47.16%, respectively. In the performance trial, feed intake decreased linearly (P<0.05) from 22 to 42 and from one to 42 days of age. Weight gain and feed conversion were not influenced (P>0.05) by WW inclusion. The WW inclusion levels did not influence (P>0.05) carcass yield. The diet with 20% inclusion of WW provided the best financial return. Wafer-type biscuit waste can be included up to the level of 20% in quail diets without compromising production performance, carcass yield or the economic viability of the activity.
Ionic balance of water and physical-chemical properties of soil from marine shrimp farms of the Jaguaruna interior county, Ceará, Brazil
Authors: Moreira Francisco Hiago Gadelha , Lima Francisco Roberto dos Santos , Cavalcante Davi de Holanda , Carmo e Sá Marcelo Vinícius do
Published: August 2020

Abstract The present work aimed at describing and characterizing the physical-chemical composition and the Na+: K+ and Ca+2: Mg+2 ratios of well waters used to fill L. vannamei culture ponds, belonging to farms located in Jaguaruana, an interior municipality of the State of Ceará, Brazil. Besides that, the study also sought to describe and characterize the physical-chemical properties of soils from the same shrimp farms. Well water and soil samples were taken in four farms, three located in Jaguaruana (Pasta Branca, Sargento and Poró) and one in the municipality of Aracati, which served as a control. Water samples were analyzed for pH, specific conductance, salinity, total alkalinity, total and calcium hardness, potassium and sodium. Soil samples were analyzed for pH, specific conductance, salinity, potential acidity, phosphorus, organic carbon, total nitrogen, sodium and potassium. The well waters from Aracati, Pasta Branca/Sargento and Poró were classified as euhaline, oligohaline and mesohaline, respectively. The results of pH indicated that liming was necessary in all four farms. All well waters demanded potassium fertilization to compensate for K+ deficiency and to adjust Na: K ratio. It has been concluded that, in the productive management of inland shrimp farms, it is important to monitor not only the Na: K and Ca: Mg ratios of the water, but also the absolute concentrations of each ion.
Tributaries of the hepatic vein in the ostrich (Struthio camelus)
Authors: Ferreira Nalva Fatima , Carvalho Roberto Gameiro de , Souza Wilson Machado de , Souza Nair Trevizan Machado de , Melo Alan Peres Ferraz de , Rodrigues Rosangela Felipe
Published: August 2020

Abstract The ostrich (Struthio camelus, Linnaeus 1758) is the largest bird in the world. It is of great economic importance in Africa and is found across several countries. With developments in breeding systems, morphological studies that facilitate the application of the knowledge are necessary, considering the species has unique anatomical features. The objective of the present study was to describe the major tributaries of the hepatic vein in the species. Ten viscera of adult individuals of both sexes, which were injected with Neoprene latex through the hepatic vein, were used to visualize their tributaries. After the vascular repletion, the tissues were fixed and conserved in 10% formaldehyde aqueous solution. The hepatic carrier system was dissected and photo-documented. The left hepatic vein receives blood from the proventricle and gastric ventricle, while the right hepatic vein is responsible for the drainage of blood into the following organs: spleen, through the proventriculosplenic vein; pancreas, through the pancreaticoduodenal vein; jejunum, through the jejunum trunk; and the colon, which forms the cranial mesenteric vein.
Mixed nonlinear models in ruminal in situ degradability trials
Authors: Medeiros Simone Daniela Sartorio de , Lima César Gonçalves de , Savian Taciana Villela , Malheiros Euclides Braga , Werner Simone Silmara
Published: August 2020

Abstract Classical methods of analysis of nonlinear models are widely used in studies of ruminal degradation kinetics. As this type of study involves repeated measurements in the same experimental unit, the use of mixed nonlinear models (MNLM) is proposed, in order to solve problems of heterogeneity of variances of the responses, correlation among repeated measurements and consequent lack of sphericity in the covariance matrix. The aims of this work are to present an evaluation of the applicability of MNLM in the estimation of parameters to describe the in situ ruminal degradation kinetics of the dry matter of Tifton 85 hay and to compare the results with those obtained from the usual analysis in two-phases. The steers used in the trial were fed diets composed of three different combinations of roughage and concentrate and two hays with different nutritional qualities. The proposed approach was proven as effective as the traditional one for estimating model parameters. However, it adequately models the correlation among the longitudinal data, which can affect the estimates obtained, the standard error associated with them and potentially change the results of the inferences. It is quite attractive when the research seeks to understand the behavior of the process of food degradation throughout the incubation times.
Nutritional value and digestible dry matter production of oat genotypes for ensiling
Authors: Bueno Antonio Vinicius Iank , Ribeiro Matheus Gonçalves , Jacovaci Fernando Alberto , Três Tamara Tais , Leão Guilherme Fernando Mattos , Gomes Ana Luiza Mendonça , Jobim Clóves Cabreira
Published: August 2020

Abstract This study evaluated dry matter yield and nutritional characteristics of different oat genotypes (Avena spp.) for ensiling. Treatments consisted of genotypes of white oat IPR 126 (Avena sativa), black oat Cabocla IPR and Agrocoxilha (Avena strigosa), and BRS Madrugada and BRS Centauro (Avena vertis). Oats were harvested at the phenological stage of milk/dough grain. The design was a completely randomized block scheme, with five treatments and three replications per treatment. The IPR Cabocla genotype showed the highest dry matter content (before and after silo opening) and in vitro dry matter digestibility of fresh forage. No differences were observed for in vitro dry matter digestibility and dry matter losses among silages. The highest silage digestible dry matter yield (kg ha-1) was observed for the BRS Centauro genotype. Thus, despite the better nutritional quality presented by the IPR Cabocla genotype before ensiling, BRS Centauro genotype presented a higher yield of digestible dry matter per hectare.
Enterococci used as complementary indicator of fecal contamination to assess water quality from public schools in the city of Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
Authors: Waideman Mariana Amabile , Teixeira Vivian Plaça , Uemura Elisa Hizuru , Stamford Tânia Montenegro , Leal Diego Averaldo Guiguet , Stangarlin-Fiori Lize , Ferreira Sila Mary Rodrigues , Taconeli César Augusto , Beux Márcia Regina
Published: August 2020

Abstract The study evaluated the drinking water quality from 45 public schools in the city of Curitiba, Brazil. Water samples were harvested from two different points at each school: the first one, drinking fountain used by students (n=45) and the second, kitchen faucet (n=45), comprising 90 samples. The samples were submitted to analysis according to current legislation, such as: dosage of free chlorine; colony counts of heterotrophic bacteria; presence of total coliform bacteria and Escherichia coli. In addition, an enterococci analysis was also included as a complementary microbiological indicator of fecal contamination. The isolated strains of enterococci were identified and submitted to an antibiotic susceptibility test. In relation to the legal parameters, 35.5% (n=16) of the 45 schools evaluated did not meet the quality water standards set by the Brazilian legislation. Although none of the 90 samples exhibited the presence Escherichia coli, 6.6% (n=6) of the analyzed samples presented enterococci contamination. Regarding the antibiotic susceptibility test, the isolated strains demonstrated a similar behavior, became resistant to six antibiotics and had intermediate sensitivity to one (Streptomycin) of the nine antibiotics tested. The drinking water destined for human consumption in the public schools may pose health risks for students since the fecal contamination by enterococci was confirmed, and it could be observed that the water may be a source of genes from bacteria resistant to antimicrobials. This study reinforces the importance of monitoring complementary microbiological indicators to assure water quality, seeing that fecal contamination was detected only when alternative parameters were inserted, emphasizing the relevance of including microbiological indicators beyond what the legislation requires to evaluate the drinking water more effectively and to safeguard public health.
Development and validation of the Logical Model of the Neonatal Hearing Screening Program
Authors: Pimentel Marcella de Carvalho Ramos , Figueiredo Nilcema , Lima Maria Luíza Lopes Timóteo de
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Purpose: to develop and validate the logical model of the Neonatal Hearing Screening Program in the hearing health network. Methods: a methodological developmental research aimed to build the logical model of the Neonatal Hearing Screening Program and validate its content through a “consensus conference”. The research was carried out in three stages: 1) Literature review, analysis of the normative documents, and official recommendations regarding the Neonatal Hearing Screening; 2) Development of the logical model; 3) Validation of the logical model through rounds of consultation with specialists. Results: based on the documentary analysis, the logical model was designed in three dimensions: (1) Education in Hearing Health, (2) Neonatal Hearing Screening, and (3) Administration. It was validated based on the judgment of specialists in the field. After the validation process, three variables in the “process” and one in the “structure” aspects, were adjusted, whereas another two aspects in “process” were excluded. Conclusion: the logical model presented the dimensions, activities, and results of the Neonatal Hearing Screening Program in practical and clear terms. Hence, it is useful not only to communicate and announce its results, but also to offer support to future evaluative research in the field of neonatal hearing health.
Autobiographical narratives in the elderly with neurocognitive disorder: an integrative literature review
Authors: Mac-Kay Ana Paula Machado Goyano , Barrera Melissa , Córdova Camila , Olivares Romina , Vásquez Daniela
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Objective: to carry out an integrative review of the literature on autobiographical narratives as a discursive activity in the older adult with neurocognitive disorder. Methods: a descriptive study that covered the Scopus, SciELO, PubMed, and Science Direct databases, from 2009 to 2019, using the keywords autobiographical, narrative, dementia, reminiscence, the elderly, and the Boolean operator. A narrative synthesis was adopted considering the characteristics of the clinical, and methodological heterogeneity of the studies. Results: the results included 3 articles published between 2012 and 2018, in the English language, from the United Kingdom, Brazil, and Argentina, which highlighted the autobiographical narratives. Although in a strict sense they did not present the narrative as a specific objective of the autobiographical study, they did provide interesting and related data which justified their inclusion. Conclusion: it is observed that the literature researched presents a limited number of articles, adressing the autobiographical narrative as a discursive activity in the elderly with neurocognitive disorder.
Effect of three different attachment designs in the extrusive forces generated by thermoplastic aligners in the maxillary central incisor
Authors: Costa Rafael , Calheiros Fernanda Calabró , Ballester Rafael Yagüe , Gonçalves Flávia
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction: Orthodontic aligners use have increased in dentistry. The resolution of complex movements such as extrusion demands the use of attachments to reach the aimed force, but just a few studies have been developed to evaluate the biomechanical performance of the aligners and their accessories. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate on the three axes (X, Y and Z) the forces generated by three different attachment designs for the extrusion of the maxillary central incisor using esthetic orthodontic aligners. Methods: Three prototypes of maxillary models were developed, each one with a specific attachment inserted in the central incisor. Three aligners were manufactured for each of the three attachment designs, with 0.33-mm activation in the direction of the extrusion. An analytical device was used to evaluate the forces applied to the three axes by each aligner/attachment. The data were assessed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (α = 0.05). Results: All of the studied attachment designs could satisfactorily perform the extrusion movement. However, force intensities were different in the three designs (design 1 = 2.5 N; design 2 = 2.2 N, and design 3 = 1.1 N). Furthermore, two of the three attachment designs (designs 1 and 2) eventually exerted significant forces on the X (mesiodistal) and Y (buccopalatal) axes. Conclusion: The attachment design 3 presents the best distribution of forces for extrusion movement, generating almost null forces on X and Y axes, and lower intensity of force on the Z axis.
Orthodontic treatment of unilateral cleft lip and palate associated with maxillary canine/premolar transposition: case report
Authors: Souza Rodrigo Matos de , Oliveira Henrique Telles de , Farret Marcel Marchiori
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction: The cleft lip and palate is the most frequent craniofacial anomaly and as a consequence of this malformation some inadequate occlusal relationship between the arches are observed. Furthermore, dental absences, individual positioning changes of teeth as rotations, and in more rare situations the transpositions may be found as well. Description: In this context, in this article is reported a case of a 9-year-old patient with unilateral cleft lip and palate, with anterior and posterior crossbite on the left side, absence of the maxillary left lateral incisor, and transposition of the maxillary left canine and first premolar. The patient was treated with slow maxillary expansion, secondary graft and fixed orthodontic appliance, transposition maintenance and closing of the lateral incisor space with the first premolar, by means of mesialization of the posterior teeth. Results: At the end of the treatment, good intercuspation and an important aesthetic gain for the patient were achieved. The analysis three years after treatment revealed a good stability of the results obtained.
Surgically-assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME): indications, planning and treatment of severe maxillary deficiency in an adult patient
Authors: Loriato Lívia , Ferreira Carlos Eduardo
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction: Maxillary deficiency, also called transverse deficiency of the maxilla, may be associated with posterior crossbite, as well as with other functional changes, particularly respiratory. In adult patients, because of bone maturation and the midpalatal suture fusion, rapid maxillary expansion has to be combined with a previous surgical procedure to release the areas of resistance of the maxilla. This procedure is known as surgically-assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME). Objective: This study discusses the indications, characteristics and effects of SARME, and presents a clinical case of transverse and sagittal skeletal maxillary discrepancy treated using SARME and orthodontic camouflage.
Adult mesenchymal stem cells and their possibilities for Dentistry: what to expect?
Authors: Ferreira José Ricardo Muniz , Greck Anna Paula
Published: August 2020

ABSTRACT Introduction: Stem cells obtained from the pulp of human deciduous teeth are highly proliferative and plastic multipotent cells, which makes them a relevant model of stem cells, applied in several biomedical areas, with different purposes. Objective: Based on a brief review of the literature, the present work intends to present from conceptual aspects about stem cells, classifications, potential (in vitro and in vivo) applications in dental practice, cell culture, cryopreservation and its importance, ethical and regulatory aspects, as well as the role of the dental surgeon as the endorser responsible for the entire clinical stage that involves the process of collecting stem cells obtained from dental pulps for cryopreservation, with a view to using them under appropriate conditions, in accordance with scientifically proven and justified good laboratory and clinical practices.
Debate sobre a teoria da renda da terra no contexto agrícola, urbano e atual no Brasil
Authors: Araujo Júnior Edmar Augusto Santos de
Published: August 2020

Resumo Este artigo apresenta o debate sobre a teoria da renda da terra, partindo do caso agrícola, passando pela teoria da renda do solo urbano, abordando suas modalidades e magnitudes à luz da teoria do valor. A renda capitalizada no preço do solo condensa um fundo de valor social cuja magnitude se expressa em função de variáveis macroeconômicas pela sua capacidade de interferir direta ou indiretamente nos salários e lucros. Essa abordagem teórica permite concluir sobre os efeitos econômicos do projeto de lei, em tramitação, que permite a aquisição das terras municipais pelo capital estrangeiro no Brasil.
Autoconstrução em contexto de elevação de temperatura: o caso do Cantinho do Céu, São Paulo
Authors: Cavalcanti Cristina Kanya Caselli , Alvim Angélica Aparecida Tanus Benatti
Published: August 2020

Resumo Este artigo busca identificar os principais elementos da envoltória que prejudicam o desempenho térmico da autoconstrução em um contexto de tendência de elevação das temperaturas, importante efeito da mudança climática. Com base em um conjunto de moradias autoconstruídas, localizadas no Cantinho do Céu, loteamento irregular da zona sul de São Paulo, aplica-se um método de avaliação que combina a análise das envoltórias das habitações, com pesquisa de campo, entrevistas e fotografias termográficas. Os resultados indicam que o aquecimento das habitações se relaciona, predominantemente, com o uso inadequado de materiais e a disposição equivocada dos elementos construtivos. Recomenda-se a assessoria técnica como instrumento atuante sobre as deficiências construtivas das habitações precárias, contribuindo para a melhor adaptação da população mais vulnerável aos efeitos do clima.
Financiamento fiscal do desenvolvimento urbano: execução do Orçamento Geral da União 2000-2016
Authors: Filocomo Giusepe , Royer Luciana de Oliveira
Published: August 2020

Resumo Este artigo propõe uma articulação entre urbano e atuação estatal com base na análise das finanças públicas. A investigação empírica centra-se no Orçamento Geral da União para o período de 2000 a 2016. Apresenta uma proposta metodológica para o estudo das finanças públicas a partir de agregações de programas e atividades de desenvolvimento urbano, sendo os dados orçamentários avaliados à luz de literatura, legislação e relatórios técnicos pertinentes. Desenvolve-se avaliação sobre o financiamento fiscal das infraestruturas urbana e habitacional, fenômeno que remonta à alocação de mais de 350 bilhões de reais, liquidação de mais de 200 bilhões de reais, ano referência 2016. Os dados e metodologia reforçam a importância do estudo sobre o orçamento público, as características de sua execução, condicionantes e conflitos distributivos no âmbito de estudos e pesquisas do planejamento urbano e regional.
Metropolização e planejamento territorial como perspectiva de desenvolvimento em Angola
Authors: Castro José Caléia , Reschilian Paulo Romano
Published: August 2020

Resumo O processo de metropolização e crescimento econômico de Angola desde o pós-guerra (2002) motivou a elaboração do planejamento territorial como estratégia para o desenvolvimento urbano/regional. Este trabalho analisa as ações de planejamento e desenvolvimento das realidades do Sul global, a partir do estudo dos processos de metropolização de Luanda, num contexto em que se intensificam o crescimento demográfico e a urbanização informal. Embora seja uma das maiores expressões das assimetrias e precariedades socioespaciais contemporâneas, Luanda convive com as aspirações do desenvolvimento urbano pós-moderno e neoliberal trazidas pelas pressões da globalização. Por meio da aplicação de uma metodologia mista, constatou-se que o pensamento tecnocrata neoliberal aplicado ao planejamento dessas realidades debate-se com a predominância estrutural da informalidade e configura um espaço híbrido.
Evidências da metropolização do espaço no século XXI: elementos para identificação e delimitação do fenômeno
Authors: Dota Ednelson Mariano , Ferreira Francismar Cunha
Published: August 2020

Resumo Identificar e delimitar o processo de metropolização do espaço têm se constituído como um grande desafio aos estudiosos do urbano, principalmente pelos elementos subjacentes que o constituem. Este artigo apresenta uma proposta teórico-metodológica para identificar e delimitar a metropolização a partir da análise da localização espacial das plantas industriais e logísticas, das condições gerais de produção, da mobilidade pendular para trabalho e da migração. Utilizando-se do processo urbano do Espírito Santo como estudo de caso, foi possível verificar a expansão da metropolização para os municípios não metropolitanos de Aracruz, Linhares e São Mateus, de modo que os elementos utilizados para a análise se mostraram pertinentes para a identificação e a delimitação da metropolização do espaço.
Bearing capacity of rigid strip footings near soil slopes
Authors: Xiao Shiguo , Chen Tingju , Guo Wei Dong
Published: August 2020

A reasonable combination of asymmetric foundation failure and whole slope failure is essential to solve the problem of the ultimate bearing capacity of a rigid strip footing near a soil slope. Based on a bilaterally admissible failure mechanism put forward to meet the requirement of the combination, a closed-form analytical solution to the ultimate bearing capacity is obtained in light of the upper-bound theorem of kinematical limit analysis. The proposed method can quantitatively illustrate that the failure mode of the footing-on-slope system varies from the slope side to the non-slope side with the increase in the horizontal distance ratio of the footing from the slope edge over the width of the footing. For some typical examples, the results calculated using the proposed method are in good agreement with those obtained using other analytical and numerical methods or laboratory model tests. The influences of the shear strength parameters of the soil and safety factor of the slope on the bearing capacity are also discussed in the examples.
Characteristics of flow around a cylindrical pier under a partially submerged bridge deck
Authors: Nasiri-Dehsorkhi Elham , Chamani Mohammad R. , Kabiri-Samani Abdorreza
Published: August 2020

This study investigated flow characteristics around a cylindrical pier under a partially submerged bridge deck. The tests were carried out in clear water conditions for both free-surface and pressure-flow conditions. Three-dimensional velocity measurements were taken at different positions along the centreline of the flume using an acoustic Doppler velocimeter. The results showed that the longitudinal and vertical velocity components of the pressure-flow increased in the vicinity of the pier as compared with those of the free-surface flow. Large values of the turbulence intensities, turbulent kinetic energy and Reynolds shear stress were observed at the upstream edge of the bridge deck within the shear layer and downstream of the pier under the deck due to the generation of wake vortices. Flow contraction and acceleration around the pier's sides resulted in a local increase of the bed shear stress.
La cooperación científica y tecnológica entre el MERCOSUR y la Unión Europea
Authors: Velo Agustina Bianca , Perrotta Daniela Vanesa
Published: August 2020

Este trabajo presenta un estudio descriptivo y analítico de la cooperación interregional en materia de ciencia y tecnología entre la Unión Europea y el Mercosur. Se realizan dos estudios de casos: la conformación de la Plataforma Biotecsur y las participaciones de Estados Parte en los Programas Marco. El trabajo parte de la hipótesis de que es posible rastrear un interés de la Unión Europea para fomentar el desarrollo de la política científica en el MERCOSUR orientada al desarrollo agrícola, en detrimento de otras potenciales áreas. Lo que se traduce en un fomento a la biotecnología, y desarrollos relacionados con un modelo económico ligado al agronegocios. No obstante ello, se argumenta que, aún con todos esos recaudos (o alertas), la gestión de la cooperación interregional permitió fortalecer procesos institucionales domésticos y promover una mayor articulación intrarregional que buscó orientar la ciencia hacia metas más cercanas a las realidades nacionales.
O Direito dos Investimentos no Mercosul e o novo Protocolo de Facilitação e Cooperação em Investimentos
Authors: De Oliveira Leonardo Vieira
Published: August 2020

Este trabalho tem por objetivo traçar um breve panorama histórico do Direito dos Investimentos no Brasil e nos seus parceiros regionais do Cone Sul, com vistas a contextualizar a criação do novo Protocolo de Facilitação e Cooperação em Matéria de Investimentos (PCFI) do MERCOSUL, promulgado no ordenamento brasileiro pelo Decreto n° 10.027 de 25 de setembro de 2019. Fruto em âmbito regional do novo modelo de Acordo de Cooperação e Facilitação em Investimentos (ACFI), o PCFI diverge em diversos aspectos das minutas de tratados bilaterais de investimento (BITs, em inglês), que privilegiam a proteção ao investidor ao invés de prestigiar primariamente o desenvolvimento do país estrangeiro. Dessa forma, este breve artigo analisará primeiramente a evolução do Direito de Investimentos no contexto do Brasil e do MERCOSUL, enfatizando as principais mudanças regulatórias na questão da abertura ao capital estrangeiro. Em seguida, serão delineadas as principais inovações e características do novo PCFI do MERCOSUL, destinado aos investimentos intra-zona.
Unintentional power sources? Institutional setup and effects on bargaining in inter-regional negotiations – the EU and the MERCOSUR
Authors: Dötsch Helene
Published: August 2020

This research article takes one step to investigate bargaining in international politics and shows how institutional dynamics influence a regional institution’s ability to realize the own set policy goals. The chosen case, the trade negotiations between the EU and Mercosur, presents a way to assess both institutions abilities and dynamical underpinnings in the interaction with each other. Based on a qualitative research design, the article examines the experiences of negotiators on both continents that have directly participated in the EU-Mercosur negotiations. The results show that while a high degree improves learning processes, expertise, and external legitimacy, it bears a high risk of rigidity and therefore, failure. The research article draws precise conclusions for the way we study regional institutions examining how their set-up influences strategic choices.
Does the shape of the road influences wildlife roadkills? Evidence from a highway in Central Andes of Colombia
Authors: Arango Lozano Julián , Patiño-Siro Dahian
Published: August 2020

Highway infrastructure is a source of multiple environmental problems, where wildlife roadkills is the most noticeable impact. Most of research in roadkills have focused in how different aspects as seasons, traffic density, location of roads, among others, have implications in the wildlife mortality on roads. However, little research have been developed on understanding how geometrical road design affects wildlife mortality. On a highway in the central Andes of Colombia, we tested whether the geometric design, it is horizontal alignment and vertical curves influence the mortality of vertebrate animals on the road. We determined the number of straight lines, circular, transition curves and vertical convex curves along the entire route of the highway (13.9 km), and between April 2018 and December 2019 we made 4 weekly tours in search of wildlife roadkills. With records, we related and compared groups of animal deaths and road shapes. We got 95 roadkills where reptile’s deaths were more than the 47% of total. We found no dependence in the distribution of deaths by Class of animals on the road shapes; the shape in which most deaths occurred was straight line (58 deaths). However, when the mortality rate per meter of route was obtained on the shape units, we found that the circular and transition curves presented two and three times (respectively) higher mortality rates than straight lines. Curved sections are presented as more dangerous geometric designs than straight lines for wildlife, regardless of their length on the road. Our research provides information necessary to take into account the relationship of geometric road design in the development of management and conservation plans of altered ecosystems with road infrastructure.
A Meta-Analysis of Mobile Phone Use and Presence
Authors: Courtright John , CAPLAN SCOTT
Published: August 2020

This research reports the results of two meta-analyses on 43 empirical studies that have investigated the effects of the presence and use of mobile phones during interpersonal interactions.  Six of these investigations focused on the “mere presence effect,” which asserts that the presence (but not use) of a mobile phone leads to more negative perceptions of one’s interactional partner.  The meta-analysis did not provide support for this effect.  Thirty-seven studies focused on the effects of “phone snubbing” (“phubbing”) which addresses the use of a mobile phone during interactions.  This second meta-analysis found a relatively robust effect which clearly leads to more negative perceptions by the non-using partner.  Although numerous potential moderators were examined, none of theoretical interest were found to moderate these effects.
Direct ELISA for investigating the binding of peroxidase-labeled anti-chicken IgY conjugate with avian immunoglobulins v1
Authors: A Justiz-Vaillant Angel
Published: August 2020

The peroxidase-labeled anti-chicken IgY conjugate cross-reacts with many IgY present in the egg of many and diverse avian species. References 1. Justiz Vaillant AA, Ramirez N, Cadiz A, Ferrer B, Akpaka P, et al. (2013) Separation and Reactivity of Avian Immunoglobulin Y. J Chromat Separation Techniq 4: 173. doi:10.4172/2157-7064.1000173
Direct ELISA for investigating the binding of chemically-made Protein-LAG-anti-IgY-peroxidase to both avian and mammalian immunoglobulins. v1
Authors: A Justiz-Vaillant Angel
Published: August 2020

Peroxidase-labeled-protein-LAG-anti-IgY conjugate is chemically made. It has unique binding properties. It binds to both avian and mammalian immunoglobulins. It can be used as a reagent in ELISA, Western blotting and dot blot for immunodetection of immunoglobulins and antigens. It may be used to make the immunodiagnosis of infectious diseases involving laboratory, wild, zoo, and farm animals [1]. References 1.Vaillant AJ, McFarlane-Andersonv N, Wisdom B, Mohammed W, Vuma S, et al. (2013) Immunoglobulin-binding Bacterial Proteins (IBP) Conjugates and their Reactivity with Immunoglobulin in Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISA). J Anal Bioanal Tech 4: 175. doi:10.4172/2155-9872.1000175
A case of acute inversion of the uterus, occurring on the 3rd day after childbirth
Authors: Kakushkin N.
Published: August 2020

Three days after the correct (5th) birth with twins, after a tight screwing of the abdomen (local custom), the parturient woman developed a rapid breakdown: a semi-unconscious state, pulse 140, at normal temperature.
APPLICATION OF ASEPTICS IN SURGERY OF THE ABDOMINAL AND PELVIC CAVITY
Authors: Kireev D. M.
Published: August 2020

The widespread use of the antiseptic or anti-rotting method in the last 20 years, which has yielded brilliant results both in general surgery, and especially in the surgical treatment of diseases of the abdominal and pelvic organs, also has its disadvantages, the main one of which undoubtedly should be considered poisoning when using various anti-rotting medicines. In the literature there is already a rich casuistic material of deadly poisoning when used as an anesthetic, iodoform, carbolic acid, mercuric chloride, etc., etc. antiseptics or antiseptic method of treatment, despite the quick and brilliant success, still left much to be desired and made, during this entire 20-year period, both in laboratory and at the bedside of the patient, to look for means to disinfect the wound, with on the one hand, and not having a harmful effect on patients and those around them, on the other. Carbolic acid was replaced by iodine preparations, iodine preparations with mercuric chloride preparations, mercuric chloride boric acid, copper sulfate, creolin, lysol and many others, some of which have already been abandoned, some are still being tested. The degree of concentration of solutions changed, the time of their contact with the early was limited, and nevertheless, cases of poisoning, which, however, became less common, nevertheless did occur.
The 2018 Palu Tsunami: Coeval Landslide and Coseismic Sources
Authors: Williamson Amy L. , Melgar Diego , Xu Xiaohua , Milliner Christopher
Published: August 2020

On 28 September 2018, Indonesia was struck by an MW 7.5 strike-slip earthquake. An unexpected tsunami followed, inundating nearby coastlines leading to extensive damage. Given the traditionally non-tsunamigenic mechanism, it is important to ascertain if the source of the tsunami is indeed from coseismic deformation, or something else, such as shaking induced landsliding. Here we determine the leading cause of the tsunami is a complex combination of both. We constrain the coseismic slip from the earthquake using static offsets from geodetic observations and validate the resultant “coseismic-only” tsunami to observations from tide gauge and survey data. This model alone, although fitting some localized run-up measurements, overall fails to reproduce both the timing and scale of the tsunami. We also model coastal collapses identified through rapidly acquired satellite imagery and video footage as well as explore the possibility of submarine landsliding using tsunami raytracing. The tsunami model results from the landslide sources, in conjunction with the coseismic-generated tsunami, show a greatly improved fit to both tide gauge and field survey data. Our results highlight a case of a damaging tsunami the source of which is a complex mix of coseismic deformation and landsliding. Tsunamis of this nature are difficult to provide warning for and are underrepresented in regional tsunami hazard analysis.
Shallow Faults Reactivated by Hydraulic Fracturing: The 2019 Weiyuan Earthquake Sequences in Sichuan, China
Authors: Wang Maomao , Yang Hongfeng , Fang Lihua , Han Libo , Jia Dong , Jiang Danqi , Yan Bing
Published: August 2020

Human activity-induced earthquakes are emerging as a global issue, and revealing its underlying mechanisms is essential for earthquake hazard mitigation and energy development. We investigated the relationship between the seismotectonic model and seismic sequences from moderate Mw 4.3 and Mw 5.2 earthquakes that occurred in February and September 2019, respectively, in the Weiyuan anticline of Sichuan basin, China. We found that the Mw 5.2 earthquake ruptured a back thrust of structural wedges and released most aftershocks near the wedge tip. However, the two foreshocks of the Mw 4.3 earthquake sequence occurred in hydrofractured Silurian shale at depth of 2.5–3 km, and the mainshock ruptured the overlying oblique tear fault at a depth of ∼1  km. Hydraulic fracturing in the sedimentary cover of this block may induce earthquakes through fluid pressure diffusion in the Silurian shale and through poroelastic effects on back thrusts within structural wedges, respectively. We assessed the hazard potential of four seismic sources in the Weiyuan block and suggest it is critical to conduct a coupled flow-geomechanics assessment and management on induced seismicity and related cascading effects in the densely inhabited and seismically active Sichuan basin.
Great Pending Himalaya Earthquakes
Authors: Wesnousky Steven G.
Published: August 2020

Geological, historical, and geophysical observations show that the entire Himalayan arc is poised to produce a sequence of great earthquakes, possibly similar to that which occurred in the twentieth century along the Aleutian subduction zone. The human catastrophe in the densely populated countries astride the arc is likely to be unprecedented when these earthquakes occur.