bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Measurement report: Combined use of MAX-DOAS and AERONET ground-based measurements in Montevideo, Uruguay, for the detection of distant biomass burning
Authors: Osorio Matías , Agesta Alejandro , Bösch Tim , Casaballe Nicolás , Richter Andreas , Alvarado Leonardo M. A. , Frins Erna
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Biomass burning releases large amounts of aerosols and chemical species into the atmosphere, representing a major source of air pollutants. Emissions and by-products can be transported over long distances, presenting challenges in quantification. This is mainly done using satellites, which offer global coverage and data acquisition for places that are difficult to access. In this study, ground-based observations are used to assess the abundance of trace gases and aerosols. On 24 November 2020, a significant increase in formaldehyde was observed with a Multi-AXis Differential Optical Absorption Spectroscopy (MAX-DOAS) instrument located in Montevideo (Uruguay), and its vertical column densities reached values of 2.4×1016 molec. cm−2, more than twice the values observed during the previous days. This was accompanied by an increase in the aerosol levels measured by an AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) photometer located at the same site. The aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 440 nm reached values close to 1, an order of magnitude larger than typical values in Montevideo. Our findings indicate that the increase was associated with the passage of a plume originating from distant biomass burning. This conclusion is supported by TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) satellite observations as well as HYbrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) simulations. The profiles of the gases and aerosols retrieved from the MAX-DOAS observations are consistent with the HYSPLIT analysis, showing the passage of a plume over Montevideo on 24 November located at a height of ∼ 1.5 km. This corroborates the finding that biomass burning events occurring about 800 km north of Montevideo can affect the local atmosphere through long-distance emissions transport. This study underscores the potential of ground-based atmospheric monitoring as a tool for detection of such events. Furthermore, it demonstrates greater sensitivity compared to satellite when it comes to detection of relatively small amounts of carbonyls like glyoxal and formaldehyde.
The role of naphthalene and its derivatives in the formation of secondary organic aerosol in the Yangtze River Delta region, China
Authors: Ye Fei , Li Jingyi , Gao Yaqin , Wang Hongli , An Jingyu , Huang Cheng , Guo Song , Lu Keding , Gong Kangjia , Zhang Haowen , Qin Momei , Hu Jianlin
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Naphthalene (Nap) and its derivatives, including 1-methylnaphthalene (1-MN) and 2-methylnaphthalene (2-MN), serve as prominent intermediate volatile organic compounds (IVOCs) and contribute to the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). In this study, the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model coupled with detailed emissions and reactions of these compounds was utilized to examine their roles in the formation of SOA and other secondary pollutants in the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region during summer. Significant underestimations of Nap and MN concentrations (by 79 % and 85 %) were observed at the Taizhou site based on the model results using the default emissions. Constrained by the observations, anthropogenic emissions of Nap and MN in the entire region were multiplied by 5 and 7, respectively, to better capture the evolution of pollutants. The average concentration of Nap reached 25 ppt (parts per trillion) in the YRD, with Nap contributing 4.1 % and 8.1 % (up to 12.6 %) of total aromatic emissions and aromatic-derived secondary organic carbon (SOC), respectively. The concentrations of 1-MN and 2-MN were relatively low, averaging 2 and 5 ppt, respectively. Together, they accounted for only 2.4 % of the aromatic-derived SOC. The impacts of Nap and MN oxidation on ozone and radicals were insignificant at regional scales but were not negligible when considering daily fluctuations in locations with high emissions of Nap and MN. This study highlights the significant roles of Nap and MN in the formation of SOA, which may pose environmental risks and result in adverse health effects.
Catchment-scale assessment of drought impact on environmental flow in the Indus Basin, Pakistan
Authors: Rahman Khalil Ur , Shang Songhao , Balkhair Khaled Saeed , Gabriel Hamza Farooq , Jadoon Khan Zaib , Zaman Kifayat
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The impact of drought on environmental flow (EF) in 27 catchments of the Indus Basin is studied from 1980–2018 using indicators of hydrologic alterations (IHAs). The standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI) was systematically propagated from one catchment to another using principal component analysis (PCA). Threshold regression is used to determine the severity of drought (scenario 1, drought severity that causes low flows) and the month (scenario 2, months where drought has resulted in low flows) that trigger low flows in the Indus Basin. The impact of drought on low EFs is quantified using range of variability analysis (RVA), which is an integrated component of the IHA used to study the hydrological alterations in environmental flow components (EFCs) by comparing the pre- and post-impact periods of human and/or climate interventions in EFCs. The hydrological alteration factor (HAF) is calculated for each catchment in the Indus Basin. The results show that most of the catchments were vulnerable to drought during the periods of 1984 to 1986, 1991/1992, 1997 to 2003, 2007 to 2008, 2012 to 2013, and 2017 to 2018. On a longer timescale (SPEI-12), drought is more severe in the lower Indus Basin (LIB) than in the upper Indus Basin (UIB). The IHA pointed out that drought significantly impacts the distribution of EFCs, particularly extremely low flow (ELF) and low flow (LF). The magnitude and frequency of the ELF and LF events increase as drought severity increases. The threshold regression provided useful insights, indicating that moderate drought can trigger ELF and LF at shorter timescales (SPEI-1 and SPEI-6) in the UIB and middle Indus Basin (MIB). Conversely, severe and extreme droughts trigger ELF and LF at longer timescales (SPEI-12) in the LIB. The threshold regression also divided the entire study period (1980–2018) into different time periods (scenario 2), which is useful for quantifying the impact of drought on low EFs using the SPEI coefficient. Higher SPEI coefficients are observed in the LIB, indicating high alterations in EF due to drought. HAF showed high alterations in EF in most of the catchments throughout the year except in August and September. Overall, this study provided useful insights for analysing the effects of drought on EF, especially during low flows.
Hydrometeorological controls of and social response to the 22 October 2019 catastrophic flash flood in Catalonia, north-eastern Spain
Authors: Amengual Arnau , Romero Romu , Llasat María Carmen , Hermoso Alejandro , Llasat-Botija Montserrat
Published: July 2024

Abstract. On 22 October 2019, the Francolí River basin in Catalonia, north-eastern Spain, experienced a heavy precipitation event that resulted in a catastrophic flash flood, causing six fatalities. Few studies comprehensively address both the physical and human dimensions and their interrelations during extreme flash flooding. This research takes a step forward towards filling this gap in knowledge by examining the alignment among all these factors. The hydrometeorological factors are investigated using the new Triangle-based Regional Atmospheric Model, radar-derived precipitation estimates, post-flood field and gauge observations, and the Kinematic Local Excess Model. The social dimension is assessed by examining the relationship between catchment dynamics and warning response times and by quantifying human behaviour during the course of the flash flood through a post-event citizen science campaign. Results reveal that a persistent south-easterly airflow brought low-level moisture and established convective instability in the region, while local orography was instrumental to triggering deep moist convection. A convective train promoted intense, copious, and prolonged precipitation over the north-western catchment headwaters. Basin response was significantly modulated by the very dry initial soil moisture conditions. After the long-lasting rainfall, an acute burst of precipitation resulted in extreme flash flooding. Fast and abrupt increases in streamflow affect small spatial scales and leave limited time for the effective implementation of protective measures. The institutional organization–protection–prevention cycle unfolded at the spatial and temporal scales typically dominated by the meteorological rather than hydrological scales. Although the citizen science campaign reveals the effectiveness of the warnings in reaching the population living in the most affected areas, a significant proportion of the respondents expressed a lack of adequate information or were unfamiliar with the intended meaning. In addition, a majority of the interviewees did not perceive any significant threat to life or property. In view of these results, this study identifies potential areas for improving social preparedness for similar natural hazards in the future.
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW IN THE PRACTICE OF SUBSURFACE USE
Authors: Amangeldy Aizhan Amangeldykyzy
Published: July 2024

This article is devoted to the study of the relationship of intellectual property rights with the right of subsurface use. In the article, the author made an attempt to reveal the legal nature of geological information, offered his author's vision on the issue of attributing geological information to the number of objects of intellectual property rights. The complexity of obtaining the results of the study lies in the fact that geological information is contained not only in natural media (drill cores, samples of minerals, carbon dioxide, mercaptans, water, samples of rocks and minerals, samples and collections of stone material, slates, anshlifs, mineral solutions and powders). In addition, in the legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan (hereinafter - RK), the regime of ownership rights is extended to geological information, which is a consequence of insufficient study of geological information as an object of rights. The article shows the relationship of relations in the field of subsoil use with copyright, since many processes are based on the use of computer programs, information systems and other software. In addition, the activities of subsurface users are inextricably linked with inventions – objects of patent law, starting with geological exploration, survey work and ending with mining. The connection between the means of individualization and subsurface users is also obvious, since each subsurface user acts in civil circulation under its own brand name, produces products under a trademark or service mark. In addition, subsoil users often violate the exclusive rights of copyright holders, which leads not only to litigation, but also to losses in the case of the use of counterfeit goods.
LEGAL REGULATION OF INNOVATIVE ACTIVITIES OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED BUSINESSES IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Rzabay Аktoty Imangazykyzy , Bekezhanov Dаuren Nurzhanovich. , Nessipbayeva Indira Seisenovna
Published: July 2024

In this article, the legal regulation of innovative activity of small and medium-sized enterprises is considered. In the current situation, it is necessary to create a scientifically based theoretical base and a stable mechanism for stimulating innovative processes in the domestic economy, to study it from a legal point of view. High indicators of the development of innovative entrepreneurship are directly related to the degree of integration of small and medium-sized enterprises in the innovative sphere. Foreign experience shows that small and medium-sized entrepreneurs will be more profitable due to the introduction of innovations in their activities. In addition, the legal regulation of innovative activity of our small and medium-sized enterprises has not yet been sufficiently developed, which does not allow the development of the innovative system of the country. In this regard, the most urgent task in the field of law is the development of a legal project of innovative entrepreneurship and the determination of ways of further legal development of innovative entrepreneurship. Our country should create projects that stimulate entrepreneurs to engage in small and medium-sized businesses, provide cheap loans, reduce taxes, allocate subsidies, and attract foreign investors. Having studied the legal regulation of small and medium-sized businesses in the Republic of Kazakhstan, the authors considered the legal status of small and medium-sized business entities engaged in innovative activities, defined the concept and legal essence of "innovative activity", analyzed the legal protection of small and medium-sized innovative businesses in Kazakhstan and foreign countries, determined conditions of interaction with infrastructure support for small and medium-sized businesses. As a result of the research, proposals were made to improve the legislation of Kazakhstan in this area.
ON THE ISSUE OF INCREASING PUBLIC CONFIDENCE IN THE JUDICIAL SYSTEM
Authors: Karzhaubaev Serik Seitovich
Published: July 2024

Trust in the judicial system is an important indicator of the quality of the administration of justice. Kazakhstan's world ranking remains insufficient and needs constant improvement. Kazakhstan is currently working to improve public confidence in the court and the judicial system. Resonant publications in the mass media and social networks also testify to the low trust of society. The reasons for such distrust are internal problems that have acquired a systemic nature. As judicial practice and pre-trial conversations show, there is a common practice in courts among judges, the execution of an oral order by the management of the court or a higher court. Such behavior of judges consists in the presence of administrative levers of pressure on the judge. There are several such levers. The first way to put pressure on a judge is to evaluate his professional activity. If a judge has overturned decisions by higher courts and certain violations of judicial ethics, the Commission on the Quality of the Administration of Justice may make a negative decision. The second method of administrative levers of pressure on the judge is to bring the judge to disciplinary responsibility by reviewing the judge's personal file in the Judicial Jury. If a judge has overturned decisions by higher courts and certain violations of judicial ethics, the Judicial Jury may also make a negative decision. All these levers force the judge to make decisions that are beneficial to the higher court or the leadership of the court, thereby undermining the foundations of justice. To this end, it is important to take a number of important measures. The first of which is the selection of personnel for the judicial system. The second is to eradicate the practice of holding judges accountable for a cancelled or amended decision.
PARTICULAR QUALITIES OF RECONCILIATION PROCEDURES IN THE INTERETHNIC CONFLICT
Authors: Dyachuk Marianna Ivanovna , Kazbayeva Assel Gabidenovna
Published: July 2024

The authors devote their work studying the problems of resolving conflicts and disputes in the field of interethnic relations, revealing the content and functional components of this category. This article examines the causes of local ethnic conflicts. Factors, hindering the harmonization of interethnic relations. Principles of action to neutralize the confrontational aspirations of participants in interethnic conflicts. The work represents approaches to the definition of ethnic conflict and its typology, reflects the specificity and commonality of ethnic disputes and conflicts relating to disputes and conflicts of other generally recognized types. The authors compared reconciliation procedures. The concept of a settlement agreement as a reconciliation procedure, as well as the definition of mediation are presented and their stages are considered. In the course of studying this topic, the subject of the research was the norms of national legislation regulating the possibility of appealing to reconciliation procedures, and the emerging judicial practice, norms of substantive legislation, theoretical developments about reconciliation procedures, general patterns of formation, development and implementation of reconciliation procedures; as well as the experience of foreign countries in the field of their application in resolving interethnic disputes and conflicts through the use of a mediation approach in a multicultural society. These provisions can be used for further theoretical research of the institution of reconciliation procedures and to find application in scientific and educational activities.
LINGUISTIC ERRORS IN LEGAL TEXTSNurkiz Arysbekovna Nurbayeva
Authors: Nurbayeva Nurkiz Arysbekovna
Published: July 2024

The language of the law encompasses lexical, syntactic, and stylistic elements that shape the text of a law or other normative legal act. Requirements for the language of the law are considered during the drafting of a bill. However, in the process of legislative work, complete elimination of linguistic errors from the text is not always achievable. Such errors often include lexical and stylistic inaccuracies. The subject of the article is certain legal texts analyzed from a linguistic standpoint as part of fundamental and applied research on the topic "Monitoring Compliance with Content and Style Requirements in the Laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan." The relevance of the article lies in identifying and rectifying errors in the text of current legislation, determining gaps that lead to a distortion of the meaning of the main legal norms, and exploring ways to prevent such distortions. The author presents specific examples of typical linguistic errors of lexical, grammatical, and stylistic nature, as well as others found in the texts of current legislation. An analysis is conducted of regulatory proposals and legal norms to assess their conformity with the norms and rules of modern Kazakh literary language. While examining the texts of current laws, the author believes it is necessary to conduct comprehensive monitoring of current legislation to ensure high-quality content of legal acts; to develop a compendium of rules for the use of legal terminology to standardize terms; to create conditions for the development of research on legal technology across various legal domains; and to introduce into the educational process of universities the study of relevant legal and linguistic disciplines such as "Language and Law" and "Legislative Technique" in the form of courses or specialized courses.
ISSUES OF ECOCIDE DEFINITION IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS WITH THE LEGISLATION OF CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES
Authors: Tulibayev Said Temurugli
Published: July 2024

Effective legal protection of the environment is one of the main priorities not only for the Republic of Kazakhstan, but also for the whole of Central Asia. The author of the article analyzes the main approaches to the definition of ecocide as one of the most serious offenses committed against the environment and being a threat to national security. At the moment, the issue of environmental security is more relevant than ever and is on the agenda of all countries in the region. It is also closely intertwined with the realization of the right to live in a favorable environment. Corresponding or similar norms exist in the legislation of all Central Asian countries, which makes it possible to conduct a comparative legal analysis to identify differences in the approach to the very definition of ecocide and its place in the criminal law of the countries of the region. The author reviewed the definitions and provisions of ecocide in the criminal codes of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Republic of Tajikistan, the Republic of Turkmenistan, and the Republic of Uzbekistan. The results of the analysis indicate that the norm of ecocide in the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan has a relatively similar structure to the corresponding criminal codes of the countries of the region, but differs in the different approaches to defining the elements of the crime. It is also worth noting similar norms in the legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan. In conclusion, the author proposes an approach to the harmonization of relevant norms in the legislation of Central Asian countries to achieve a common understanding and formulate common approaches to the crime, which is a direct threat to the biosphere.
Unregistered Marriage Practices and Their Consequences: A Case Study in Pesisir Selatan Regency
Authors: Febrianti Lora , Hidayat Rahmat
Published: July 2024

This research examines unregistered marriages in Pesisir Selatan Regency, obtaining marriage certificates that can be used. The problem formulation for this research is how marital status is not recorded in Pesisir Selatan Regency. The research questions are: 1. What is the background to the existence of unregistered marriages and the implementation of unregistered marriages? 2. What is the validity of unregistered marriages? 3. What is the validity of marriage books, their use and legal consequences? To answer this question, field research was used using interview and documentation data collection techniques. Next, the data that has been collected is analyzed using qualitative methods to provide an overview of the object under study through the data that has been collected and make generally accepted conclusions. The results of this research are: 1. The factors behind the existence of unregistered marriages in Pesisir Selatan Regency are due to inter-ethnic marriages, the absence of a husband or wife's divorce certificate and the existence of a marriage book as proof of the marriage. The wedding was not recorded as taking place at Katik's house, because Katik was the facilitator and/or the marriage provider. 2. The validity of an unregistered marriage has fulfilled the pillars and conditions of marriage in accordance with Islamic religious law. It turned out that there was one couple who did not fulfill the pillars and requirements for a valid marriage. 3. The marriage certificate obtained was fake. The reason it is said to be fake is because there are differences with the original marriage book, even though the marriage book is fake, it can actually be used to make a child's birth certificate.
Analisis Nusyuz Istri terhadap Suami (Studi Kasus Pasangan Suami-Istri di RT. 14 Winong Kajen)
Authors: Amelia Fitroh Aida , Akmalia Nahdliatul , Hami Widodo
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis fenomena nusyuz istri terhadap suami, dengan fokus pada studi kasus di Rt. 14 Winong Kajen. Nusyuz, dalam konteks ini, merujuk pada sikap atau perilaku istri yang mungkin dianggap sebagai ketidaktaatan istri kepada suami. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan melakukan wawancara mendalam dan observasi terhadap pasangan suami-istri di lingkungan tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya variasi dalam manifestasi nusyuz, seperti istri yang tidak manut kepada suami, konflik dalam pemenuhan kebutuhan, istri yang tidak bertanggung jawab atas kewajiban sebagai istri atau ketidakharmonisan dalam berkomunikasi. Analisis lebih lanjut mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mungkin mempengaruhi nusyuz, termasuk konsep dan hukum dasar nusyuz, macam-macam nusyuz, analisis nusyuz istri tehadap suami. Pemahaman terhadap aspek-aspek ini diharapkan dapat memberikan wawasan lebih dalam tentang dinamika hubungan suami-istri dan membantu dalam mengembangkan strategi untuk meningkatkan keharmonisan dalam pernikahan. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi terhadap literatur terkait studi perkawinan dan dapat menjadi landasan untuk pengembangan pendekatan intervensi atau konseling dalam mendukung keberlanjutan hubungan suami-istri.
The role of disclosures on trust in international development
Authors:   , Kennedy Lily
Published: July 2024

Administration costs of nonprofit organisations have long been thought to influence donation, but the affect of differing disclosure types and donor trust remain unclear. This thesis provides insight on the role of trust as an intermediary between nonprofit disclosure of administration expenditure and donation intention. A comparison of financial efficiency versus community effectiveness, and low versus high organisational performance was investigated experimentally with scenarios presented to a sample representative of the Australian population. A new moderated mediation model was developed, providing understanding for industry and academia on the impact disclosure types have on trust and how this affects donation intention.
Robotic platforms in gynaecological surgery: past, present, and future
Authors: Pavone M , Baroni A , Taliento C , Goglia M , Lecointre L , Rosati A , Forgione A , Akladios Cherif , Scambia G , Querleu D , Marescaux J , Seeliger B
Published: July 2024

Background: More than two decades ago, the advent of robotic laparoscopic surgery marked a significant milestone, featuring the introduction of the AESOP robotic endoscope control system and the ZEUS robotic surgery system. The latter, equipped with distinct arms for the laparoscope and surgical instruments, was designed to accommodate remote connections, enabling the practice of remote telesurgery as early as 2001. Subsequent technological progress has given rise to a range of options in today’s market, encompassing multi-port and single-port systems, both rigid and flexible, across various price points, with further growth anticipated.

Objective: This article serves as an indispensable guide for gynaecological surgeons with an interest in embracing robotic surgery.

Materials and Methods: Drawing insights from the experience of the Strasbourg training centre for minimally invasive surgery (IRCAD), this article offers a comprehensive overview of existing robotic platforms in the market, as well as those in development.

Results: Robotic surgical systems not only streamline established operative methods but also broaden the scope of procedures, including intra- and transluminal surgeries. As integral components of the digital surgery ecosystem, these robotic systems actively contribute to the increasing integration and adoption of advanced technologies, such as artificial intelligence-based data analysis and support systems.

Conclusion: Robotic surgery is increasingly being adopted in clinical practice. With the growing number of systems available on the marketplace, the primary challenge lies in identifying the optimal platform for each specific procedure and patient. The seamless integration of robotic systems with artificial intelligence, image-guided surgery, and telesurgery presents undeniable advantages, enhancing the precision and effectiveness of surgical interventions.

What is new? This article provides a guide to the robotic platforms available on the market and those in development for gynaecologists interested in robotic surgeryIntroduction
MOVEMENT REGULATION IN DISMOUNTS ON THE BALANCE BEAM
Authors: Heinen Thomas , Frackmann Jannis , Müller Alina , Zöllner Vanessa
Published: July 2024

In artistic gymnastics, the apparatus structure is considered an essential constraint in regulating gymnastic skill performance under an operating coupling between perception and action. The question arises of how such regulation processes generalize within gymnastic skills with a similar movement goal but a different structure. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze how a particular environmental constraint (i.e., space available on the balance beam) regulates gymnasts’ performance in skills with a similar movement goal but a different movement structure. Female gymnasts were asked to perform the round-off and the handspring as dismounts on the balance beam in two conditions (baseline vs. reduced space available). Gymnasts exhibited differences in foot positioning between experimental conditions. For both skills, the most significant part of regulation occurred between the starting point and the first step, and a small part of regulation occurred between the first step and the placement of the hands. While for the round-off, another small part of regulation also occurred between the placement of the second hand and landing on the mat, there was virtually no regulation between the placement of the hands and landing on the mat in the handspring. It is concluded that, for gymnasts, adapting to varying constraints from trial to trial can be seen as an essential skill. Implementing these constraints into practice schedules may help develop a broad range of regulation strategies.
DID THE CHANGES MADE TO THE 2022-2024 CODE OF POINTS IN TRAMPOLINE GYMNASTICS CHANGE THE SCORE OF THE GYMNASTS?
Authors: Kosova Sercin , Kosova Merve Koca
Published: July 2024

e evaluation rules for trampoline gymnastics were revised by the technical committee post-Tokyo 2020 Olympics, notably affecting the qualifying round. Previously, only four elements were considered for difficulty points in the first routine, but now all elements count in both routines. To assess the impact, data from the 28th/29th FIG Trampoline Gymnastics World Age Group Competitions and 35th/36th FIG Trampoline Gymnastics World Championships in 2021/2022 were analyzed. A t-test compared scores in Execution (E), Difficulty (D), Time Of Flight (TOF), and Horizontal Displacement (HD) between 2021 and 2022. In the senior men's category, average values increased in D, HD, and total scores in 2022, with significant differences in Execution and near-significant in TOF scores. Across all other categories, mean values of D, E, TOF, HD, and total scores rose in 2022, though without statistical significance. The trend towards higher scores under the new rules suggests their influence, yet unexplored factors may also play a role. Further research is needed for a comprehensive understanding.
SHORT HISTORICAL NOTES XXX
Authors: Gajdoš Anton , Čuk Ivan
Published: July 2024

Ph.D. Anton Gajdoš born on 1.6.1940 in Dubriniči (today Ukraine) lives most of his life in Bratislava (ex TCH, nowadays SVK). He comes from gymnastics family (his brother Pavel have world championship medals) and he devoted his life to gymnastics. His last achievement is establishment of Narodna encyklopedia športu Slovenska (www.sportency.sk). Among his passion is collecting photos and signatures of gymnasts. As we tend to forget old champions and important gymnasts, judges and coaches, we decided to publish part of his archive under title Short historical notes. All information on these pages is from Anton’s archives and collected through years.
Pelotines in Cut Paper within the Sweetmaking Traditions of Pelotas (RS): Memory and Material Culture
Authors: Heiden Roberto
Published: July 2024

This manuscript presents the results of a study on the art of paper cutting, which was
used in the past as an adornment for the individualized decoration of small traditional sweets in the city of Pelotas (RS) and is now recognized as a specific typology called "Pelotine". The study revealed that the making of these ornaments is embedded in a larger context of historical influences, mainly Brazilian and Portuguese, despite having peculiar local characteristics regarding their form and function. The study on the use of artistically cut papers for the decoration of sweets in Brazil and Portugal found that more frequently these cutouts were associated with cakes and cake boxes, highlighting the fact that Pelotines have conformed as a typology with predominantly smaller dimensions, numerically more prolific, and often arranged differently in relation to their counterparts. Pelotines were revealed as a manual work with artistic characteristics, an expression of material culture that emerged in the context of an intangible heritage. Both their formation as a tradition of manual work and the replacement of this practice using industrialized Pelotines are symptomatic of the inherent transformations in the processes of cultural transmission of intangible heritage, as the sweet traditions of Pelotas and the region continue to exist, even though some of the means, technologies, and ingredients through which these sweets are now produced, consumed, and presented to the eye have
changed over this process
.
Documenting the museum: a look at the SPECTRUM standard
L
Authors: Carrasco Laís B , Vidotti Silvana
Published: July 2024

The SPECTRUM standard, developed by the Collections Trust in the United
Kingdom, aims to enhance the documentation and management of museum and institutional
collections, ensuring consistency, accessibility, interoperability, and preservation. This article
investigates the application of the SPECTRUM standard in the documentation and cataloging of
cultural heritage objects, focusing on its significance in the representation, preservation,
organization, and access to museum collections. The methodology of this study involves a
theoretical approach centered on the literature review and the analysis of the Collections Trust's
technical documentation, aiming to obtain an in-depth understanding of the SPECTRUM
standard, including its guidelines, purposes and impacts on the documentation and
management of museum collections. By adhering to the guidelines of SPECTRUM, museums
can establish standardized cataloging practices, facilitating effective comparisons, research,
and collaborations among institutions. The study seeks to address persistent challenges, such
as the lack of standardization and difficulty in interoperability, proposing solutions provided by
the SPECTRUM standard to promote transparency and facilitate access to diverse cultural
heritage. Furthermore, the article highlights SPECTRUM as a fundamental tool to broaden accessibility and discovery of cultural heritage, promoting data interoperability, and contributing
to the long-term sustainability of collections. Ultimately, the adoption of the SPECTRUM
standard is presented to simplify the comprehensive, standardized, and responsible
representation of cultural heritage objects, enriching research, study, and collective
understanding of shared heritage.
SUDUT PANDANG AKDEMISI PERTANIAN TERHADAP ALIH FUNGSI LAHAN PERTANIAN KOTA GORONGTALO
Authors: ; Syamsir , Abidin Zainal , Larekeng Fadila Julianti , ; Abdurahman , Dalanggo Indrawan
Published: July 2024

Praktek Alih fungsi lahan pertanian menjadi lahan non pertanian terjadi di banyak daerah di Indonesia termasuk di Gorontalo ,menurut data Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) setiap tahunya di Kota Gorontalo mengalami penurunan jumlah luasan lahan pertanian diakibatkan karena peralihan fungsi lahan. Dampak secara langsng dari alih fungsi lahan yaitu hilangnya lahan garapan petani dan berkurangnya jumlah produksi pertanian. Penelitian ini melihat alih fungsi lahan pertanian di Gorontalo menurut persepsi akademi pertanian sebagai kelompok yang relevan dengan tema penelitian. Informan dalam penelitian adalah dosen pertanian yang ada di berbagai kampus di Gorontalo. Proses pengambilan data penelitian menggunakan wawancara mendalam bersama informan penelitian, pengambilan data dan analsis data dilakukan secara interaktif menggunakan model Miles and Huberman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa paradigma akademisi pertanian terhadap alih fungsi lahan sangat beragam, salah satu informan menyampaikan bahwa alih fungsi lahan mempengaruhi produksi pangan, namun juga disampaikan oleh informan lain bahwa di Gorontalo mempunyai daerah satelit yang memproduksi pangan.
The Facade of Justice: Transitionless Transitional Justice of Ethiopia
Authors: Abebe Henok
Published: July 2024

The Ethiopian government has committed to a transitional justice process to address gross human rights violations through investigation, prosecution, truth-finding and revelation, reconciliation, conditional amnesty, reparation, and institutional reforms. Despite these efforts and international support, this mechanism will unlikely resolve Ethiopia's political and security issues. The government's lack of intent to cease ongoing conflicts and its continued human rights violations hinder effective participation in implementing the transitional justice process. Furthermore, the involvement of non-state and foreign actors, which are beyond the state’s authority, in gross human rights violations undermines accountability. Victims and witnesses in conflict zones face significant barriers to participation due to the government's limited reach and fear of retribution. Gross human rights violations by the government and the Ethiopian National Defense Force raise doubts about the accountability of civil and military leaders through a government-controlled transitional justice mechanism. To address these challenges, the current government should relinquish power to a transitional government to mitigate undue influence on the justice process, cease hostilities, and hold officials accountable. If the government resists establishing a transitional government, a hybrid court with foreign judges and prosecutors should handle high-profile cases, while domestic courts, with strict measures to ensure impartiality and independence, should address other cases.
A Critical Overview of Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS)’s Origin, Goals, and Its Fall through the US and Allied Forces
Authors: Faleye T.O. , Afolaranmi A.O.
Published: July 2024

The origins of ISIS were traced to the Arab Spring that created instability in the Middle East. This instability was exacerbated by the American-led coalition's invasion of Iraq in 2003, prompted by the 9/11 attacks. The paper aims to have an overview of the origin and goals of the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS) and the strategies employed by the U.S. and Allied Forces to make ISIS fall. A systematic literature review approach was adopted to review the selected literature. ISIS was formed out of various militant groups in the country whose goal is to establish an Islamic caliphate governed by strict Sharia law. The goal of ISIS was to establish an Islamic caliphate in Iraq, Syria, and beyond with a caliph as the leader of the territories, thereby eradicating state borders and governments they deemed to be illegitimate. This caliphate is to be governed by strict Sharia law. This analysis delves into the strategies used by the US-led coalition to reclaim territories from ISIS. These strategies include military strategies, economic strategies, political strategies, and social strategies. It was, therefore, recommended that to combat ISIS's ideology effectively, the United States may need to collaborate more with Muslim clerics all over the world to promote interpretations of the Quran that counter radicalization in Islam.
Comprehensive Analysis of Knowledge, Perception, and Preparedness of Ghanaian Pharmacists Towards a Pandemic or Another Wave of COVID-19
Authors: C. W. Victor , B. N. Benoit
Published: July 2024

Despite the decline in infection and death rates, COVID-19 remains a significant global health concern. This study delves into Ghanaian pharmacists' knowledge, perception, and preparedness towards a pandemic or another wave of COVID-19. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among pharmacists across all 16 regions of Ghana between May and July of 2023, with a total of 1199 responses recorded. The data was analyzed using IBM Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS). Of the respondents, 629 (52.5%) were males, while 570 (47.5%) were females. Our study reveals that 98% of the participants provided positive feedback about knowledge-related questions. The study also found an adequate understanding of pharmacists' attitudes toward coronavirus symptoms, transmission, disease severity, and preventive measures. Ghanaian pharmacists' responses toward the perceived susceptibility to COVID-19 were analyzed using questions related to disease contamination, contracting, and fear level due to the disease. The optimistic behaviour and perception of Ghanaian pharmacists were commendable. However, only 45% of the pharmacists were confident about their level of preparedness, underlining the urgent need for updated information and infection control policies. Infection control policies with updated information should be available for all healthcare professionals. Moreover, Ghana needs a blueprint for pandemic management.
Design and hydroponic systems
Authors: Inglese Giovanni
Published: July 2024

In facing the complexity of the challenge posed by urban growth and increasing world population, design disciplines are called upon to question new strategies to mitigate their impact on biodiversity and the food production system. In this context, hydroponics represents a viable solution to help re-establish a connection with nature and to create productive greenery within the most diverse contexts. Although the potential of these systems is widely discussed from various perspectives, there is a lack of comparative and evaluative studies illustrating their potential for designers. Through the analysis of literature and case studies focusing on hydroponic crops, we intend to investigate the possibilities and criticalities offered not only for food production but also as a means to improve degraded contexts, trigger social innovation movements and restore identity and livelihood to people and territories. By comparing projects implemented at different latitudes and the transfer of solutions from one context to another, we intend to provide Design with virtuous models, integrating perspectives from the Global North and South, for a better understanding and new project management of these systems.
The Effect of Occupational Esteem of Skincare Employees on Customer Orientation
Authors: Won Yu-Rim , Lee In-Hee
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to find the effect of skincare employees’ occupational esteem on customer orientation. As a survey method, a questionnaire survey was conducted with skincare employees working in skincare facilities nationwide from September 15, 2023, to October 23, 2023, A total of 234 responses were analyzed. The analysis results are as follows: Firstly, it was observed that as skincare employees’ positive values and social reputation increased, their ability to understand customer needs also increased. Secondly, as skincare employees’ social reputation and positive values increased, their ability to satisfy customer needs also increased. Thirdly, it was found that as skincare employees’ positive values, relative benefits, and social reputation increased, their desire to provide services also increased. This indicates that if the employees feel a sense of achievement through their work and receive social recognition, they strive to understand customers’ needs and provide desired services. Therefore, it is considered that in order to enhance more competitive skincare facilities, it is necessary to come up with a program for providing and improving occupational esteem for skincare employees.
A Study on the Effective Follow-up Care Method After Laser Treatment: Focusing on Skin Health Behavior
Authors: Ki Jin-Sun , Bae Hyun-Sook
Published: July 2024

Recently, women in their 30s and 40s are paying attention to making their skin appear whiter and cleaner through pigmentation treatments such as laser toning. For the effectiveness of the procedure and rapid recovery, follow-up care after the laser procedure is also necessary. Through this study, we tried to find out the efficacy of skin health behavior according to the care method after the laser procedure. Skin health behavior (daily life habits, dietary habits, sleep habits, and the presence or absence of cosmetic health supplements) was compared and analyzed by dividing the study subjects receiving vitamin care, ultrasound care, and cryo care for women in their 30s and 40s into three groups. A total of 300 questionnaires were surveyed for a week from August 5 to August 11, 2022, using PCs and mobile phones, and a total of 300 copies were collected. As a result of the study, ultrasound and cryo care alternately dominated the post-care process evaluation and skin improvement satisfaction, while vitamin care was continuously at the bottom. On the other hand, in terms of skin health behavior, overall, ultrasound, cryo, and vitamin care groups scored high. Based on the results of this study, it is expected that it will become the cornerstone of clinical data to be used in the future by developing a skin whitening program through personalized skin counseling in the practice of hospitals and clinics.
The Effects of Hairdresser’s First Job Satisfaction in Foreign Countries on Reemployment Intention
Authors: You Eun-Sung , Kim Han-Na
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine how the first overseas job satisfaction of hairdressers affects overseas reemployment intention. For this study, 121 hairdressers who are working for Korean hair salons in Australia and Singapore were surveyed. The results of this study were as follows: First, the sub-factors of the first overseas job satisfaction of hairdressers were shown as 5 factors: satisfaction of experiences, satisfaction of salon environments, satisfaction of salon welfare, satisfaction of reputation, and satisfaction of working conditions. Second, multiple regression analysis showed that satisfaction of experiences (β=.649, t=6.934***) and satisfaction of reputation (β=.341, t=3.867***) had positive effects on overseas reemployment intention, but satisfaction of salon welfare (β=.341, t=-3.867***) had a negative effect on overseas reemployment intention.
HİDROJEN TAKVİYELİ DOĞALGAZ KULLANIMININ YOĞUŞMALI KAZANLARA ETKİLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Tür Volkan , Büyükkaya Ekrem
Published: July 2024

Gaz sektörünün karbondan arındırılması için en umut verici alternatif yakıtlar biyogaz ve hidrojendir. Fosil yakıtları karbon içermeyen yakıtlarla değiştirmek, nihai karbon nötrlüğü hedefine ulaşmak için önemli bir adımdır. Doğrudan mevcut doğal gaz enerji sistemlerinden saf hidrojene geçmek yerine, doğal gaza kademeli olarak hidrojen takviye edilmesi, sorunsuz bir geçiş sağlayabilir.
Bu makalede, ülkemizde ev ve ticari binaların ısıtılmasında kullanılan yoğuşmalı kazanlarda, %20 oranında hidrojen takviyeli doğalgaz kullanımının etkileri incelenmiştir. Yapılan teorik incelemenin sonuçları, deneysel çalışmalar ile doğrulanmıştır. Deney sonuçlarına göre mevcutta %100 doğalgaz ile çalışmak üzere tasarlanmış bir duvar tipi kazanın, %20 oranında hidrojen ve %80 oranında doğalgaz içeren bir karışım gazıyla yakılması durumunda cihazın ısıl gücünde yaklaşık %5’lik bir düşüş gözlemlenmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra cihazın baca gazı emisyonlarında azalma tespit edilmiştir. Maksimum ısıl güçte ölçülen baca gazındaki CO2 konsantrasyonu %9,3 seviyesinden %8,3’e, CO konsantrasyonları 71 ppm seviyesinden 42 ppm’e ve NOx konsantrasyonu da 19 mg/kWh mertebelerinden 12 mg/kWh’e düşmüştür.