bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On a General Inequality with Applications
Authors: Mitrinovic D.S. , Pečarić J. , Persson L.E.
Published: December 2016

A general set-valued inequality is proved in two analogical forms. As applications we obtain some simple inequalities for convex, concave, subadditive and superadditive functions. We also point out that some classical inequalities (e.g., those by Minkowski and by Beckenbach and Dresher) and some fairly new results (e.g. by Pearic and Beesack [7] and Peetre and Persson [81) are special cases of our results.
On the Boundedness and Periodicity of a Certain Differential Equation of Fifth Order
Authors: Abou-El-Eln A.M.A. , Sadek A.I.
Published: December 2016

There are given sufficient conditions for the ultimate boundedness of Solutions and for the existence of periodic solutions of a certain ordinary differential equation of fifth order.
On the Continuous Dependence on Parameter of the Solution Set of Differential Inclusions
Authors: Tuan Hoang Duong
Published: December 2016

We prove a theorem on continuous dependence of solutions of differential inclusions in Banach spaces on parameters and derive from it the first fundamental Bogoliubov type theorem on averaging.
On Massless Fields with Arbitrary Spin
Authors: Illge Reinhard
Published: December 2016

A gauge field theory is proposed for symmetric spinor fields of valence

(n+1,0)

on a flat spacetime which generalizes the Maxwell theory of electromagnetism. Further we study first-order equations for symmetric spinor fields of valence

(1,n)

which are consistent in arbitrarily curved spacetimes, conformally and gauge invariant and whose solutions satisfy the equations for the potentials of massless fields in flat spacetimes.
Ein Kapazitätsbegriff für gewichtete Sobolewräume
Authors: Herbst Ehrhard
Published: December 2016

A capacity for weighted Sobolev spaces

H^1(g)

is introduced. The thinnes of a set in a point is defined. It is proved, that functions from

H^1(g)

may be understood as precisely defined functions and that they are finely continuous quasi everywhere. For every set with finite capacity there exists a capacitary potential.
On the Kellogg method and its variants for finding of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of linear self-adjoint operators
Authors: Kolomý Josef
Published: December 2016

The Kellogg method, Birger’s method and its modified Birger procedure for determination of eigenvalues and eigenvectors of linear nonnegative and self-adjoint operators are investigated.
The problem of smallness of operator blocks in $L_p$ spaces (in Russian)
Authors: Semenov Evgeny M. , Tsirelson Boris S.
Published: December 2016

For a given

p \in (1,\infty)

the paper deals with the construction of an operator

A

, which is bounded in

L_p

, and for which

\|Q_eAQ_f\|_{L_p \to L_p} \geq 1

holds for any sets

e,f \subset [0, 1]

with positive measure. Here,

Q_e

denotes the multiplication operator with the characteristic function of the set

e

.
Invariant forms and some structural properties of the hydrodynamic Euler equations (in Russian)
Authors: Dezin Aleksei A.
Published: December 2016

A new invariant form of hydrodynamics Euler equations is introduced and certain qualitative properties of solutions are established.
Gleichmässige asymptotische Entwicklungen für unvollständige Integrale
Authors: Schell Hans-Joachim
Published: December 2016

A type of integral is considered in which the integrand exp

(—g(s, t))

has an only maximum in

t = y(s), a(s) < y(s) < b(s)

for all (real)

s

near

s_0

, the upper limit is

b

and the lower limit can vary in

[a,-b]

. For integrals of this type an asymptotic expansion is derived holding for

s \to s_0

and uniformly with respect to all

x \in [a, b]

. The results are applied to the incomplete gamma function and incomplete beta function.
Modulation Spaces on the Euclidean $n$-Space
Authors: Triebel Hans
Published: December 2016

The paper deals with the problem of the traces of functions belonging to modulation spaces on the basis of Fourier analysis and maximal inequalities.
Über die Beschränktheit der Lösungen diskreter nichtstationärer Phasensysteme
Authors: Reitmann Volker
Published: December 2016

In this paper we give sufficient conditions for the solutions to be boundet and for the

\Delta

-stability in the whole of discrete phase systems. This generalizis related results of Yu. A. Koryakin, G.A. Leonov, A.R. Liss, V.N. Belykh, V.P. Maksakov [3, 5-7].
Riemannfunktionen and Differentialoperatoren
Authors: Bauer Karl Wilhelm
Published: December 2016

It is shown that the complex Riemann function of a formally hyperbolic differential equation can be represented by a differential operator if a representation of solutions is possible by at least one differential operator. The application of this method is illustrated by several examples.
Estimates by Lozinsky’s functional improved in the linear autonomous case
Authors: Garay Barnabas M. , Kertész Viktor
Published: December 2016

Using a real-valued functional (denoted by

\mu

) introduced by Lozinsky and defined on matrices, lower and upper bounds can be given for the norm of solutions of linear differential equations. This functional also depends on the norm applied. It is pointed out that the best possible bounds can be obtained applying an appropriate linear transformation of the differential equation. In the real and autonomous case this appropriate linear transformation is real and does not depend on the time if

\mu

is induced by the Euclidean norm. Moreover, close correspondence between

\mu

and quadratic Liapunov functions is shown. It is proved that in the general case (not Euclidean norms) the best possible bounds can, generally, not be obtained if the linear transformation does not depend on the time.
Asymptotische Abschätzung der Inversen Toeplitzscher Bandmatrizen im Grenzfall
Authors: Berg Lothar
Published: December 2016

For the elements of the inverse of Toeplitz band matrices there are constructed

O

-estimations in the limit case of multiple zeros of the stability polynomial, if the order of the matrices tends to infinity.
Contribution of Surface Solar Radiation and Precipitation to Spatiotemporal Patterns of Surface and Air Temperature Warming in China from 1960 to 2003
Authors: Du Jizheng , Wang Kaicun , Wang Jiankai , Ma Qian
Published: December 2016

Abstract. Although the global warming has been successfully attributed to the elevated atmospheric greenhouses gases, the reasons for spatiotemporal patterns the warming rates are still under debate. In this paper, we report surface and air warming based on observations collected at 1977 stations in China from 1960 to 2003. Our results show that the warming of daily maximum surface (Ts-max) and air (Ta-max) temperatures showed a significant spatial pattern, stronger in the northwest China and weaker in South China and the North China Plain. These warming spatial patterns are attributed to surface shortwave solar radiation (SSR) and precipitation, the key parameters of surface energy budget. During the study period, SSR decreased by −1.50 W m−2 10 yr−1 in China and caused the trends of Ts-max and Ta-max decreased by 0.139 and 0.053 °C 10 yr−1, respectively. More importantly, South China and the North China Plain had an extremely higher dimming rates than other regions. The spatial contrasts of trends of Ts-max and Ta-max in China are significantly reduced after adjusting for the impact of SSR and precipitation. For example, the difference in warming rates between North China Plain and Loess Plateau reduce by 97.8 % and 68.3 % for Ts-max and Ta-max respectively. After adjusting for the impact of SSR and precipitation, the seasonal contrast of Ts-max and Ta-max decreased by 45.0 % and 17.2 %, and the daily contrast of warming rates of surface and air temperature decreased by 33.0 % and 29.1 % over China. This study shows an essential role of land energy budget in determining regional warming.
Enhanced Stratospheric Water Vapor over the Summertime Continental United States and the Role of Overshooting Convection
Authors: Herman Robert L. , Ray Eric A. , Rosenlof Karen H. , Bedka Kristopher M. , Schwartz Michael J. , Read William G. , Troy Robert F. , Chin Keith , Christensen Lance E , Fu Dejian , Stachnik Robert A. , Bui T. Paul , Dean-Day Jonathan M.
Published: December 2016

Abstract. The NASA ER-2 aircraft sampled the UTLS region over North America during the NASA Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys (SEAC4RS) field mission. This study reports three case studies of convectively-influenced air parcels with enhanced water vapor in the overworld stratosphere over the summertime continental United States. Water vapor mixing ratios greater than 10 ppmv, more than twice the stratospheric background levels, were measured by the JPL Laser Hygrometer (JLH Mark2) at pressure levels between 80 and 160 hPa. Through satellite observations and analysis, we make the connection between these in situ water measurements and overshooting cloud tops. The overshooting tops (OT) are identified from a SEAC4RS OT detection product based on satellite infrared window channel brightness temperature gradients. Back trajectory analysis ties enhanced water to OT one to seven days prior to the intercept by the aircraft. The trajectory paths are dominated by the North American Monsoon (NAM) anticyclonic circulation. This connection suggests that ice is convectively transported to the overworld stratosphere in OT events and subsequently sublimated; such events may irreversibly enhance stratospheric water vapor in the summer over Mexico and the United States. Regional context is provided by water observations from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS).
Patches of polar mesospheric summer echoes characterized from radar imaging observations with MAARSY
Authors: Sommer Svenja , Chau Jorge L.
Published: December 2016

Abstract. A recent study has hypothesized that polar mesospheric summer echoes (PMSEs) might consist mainly of localized isotropic scattering. These results have been inferred from indirect measurements. Using radar imaging with the Middle Atmosphere Alomar Radar System (MAARSY), we observed horizontal structures that support our previous findings. We observe that small-scale irregularities, causing isotropic scattering, are organized in patches. We find that patches of PMSEs, as observed by the radar, are usually smaller than 1 km. These patches occur throughout the illuminated volume, supporting that PMSEs are caused by localized isotropic or inhomogeneous scattering. Furthermore, we show that imaging can be used to identify side lobe detections, which have a significant influence even for narrow beam observations. Improved spectra estimations are obtained by selecting the desired volume to study parameters such as spectral width and to estimate the derived energy dissipation rates. In addition, a combined wide beam experiment and radar imaging is used to resolve the radial velocity and spectral width at different volumes within the illuminated volume.
Odyssey in the evolution of a paleopathologist
Authors: Rothschild Bruce M.
Published: December 2016

Abstract. A recent report suggesting perceived limitations of and opportunities in the study of paleopathology suggested the importance of incorporation of scientific methodologies. It seems reasonable to also explore how those methodologies are developed and, indeed, how one approaches paleopathology as a science. The development of one such paleopathologist is delineated from his serendipitous observations to application of hypothesis generation and subsequent testing approach developed during basic medical science education. This approach resulted in recognition of how much he thought he knew was actually contrary to the facts. A critical factor was the collaborative approach with specialists in other fields, wherein linguistic confusion was overcome and perspectives refined by point–counterpoint analysis of hypotheses. The limited reliability of tertiary information was clearly exposed through examination of primary sources – original articles rather than what might be referred to as "meta-analyses". It became clear that linguistics was not the only challenge; application of techniques had to be observed and validated. Without validation one might obtain precision (method repeatedly reveals same results) but at the expense of accuracy (assurance that the method actually assesses the question). Paleontological studies are generally limited to examination of organisms and their traces. Archeologically based studies incorporate additional sources of information (e.g., historic), but are no less subject to such semantic and methodological issues. Proof of concept studies provided new windows to recognition not only of disease but to previous anatomical challenges (e.g., localization of direct muscle attachment sites and distribution). Trans-phylogenetic representation of disease falsified speculation that "evolution" would preclude analysis through time. Pathology is an intrinsic component of life and transcends both species and time. Knowledge gained in a given species and time can be applied to similar disease manifestations in other species in modern time. Once speculations were tested and either verified or falsified, paleo-epidemiologic approach allowed identification of patterns of spread and even application of that knowledge to recognition of human migration patterns. Proof of concept studies provided new windows to recognition not only of disease but to previous anatomical challenges (e.g., localization of direct muscle attachment sites and distribution).
Calibration of channel depth and friction parameters in the LISFLOOD-FP hydraulic model using medium-resolution SAR data and identifiability techniques
Authors: Wood Melissa , Hostache Renaud , Neal Jeffrey , Wagener Thorsten , Giustarini Laura , Chini Marco , Corato Giovani , Matgen Patrick , Bates Paul
Published: December 2016

Abstract. Single satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data are now regularly used to estimate hydraulic model parameters such as channel roughness, depth and water slope. However, despite channel geometry being critical to the application of hydraulic models and poorly known a priori, it is not frequently the object of calibration. This paper presents a unique method to simultaneously calibrate the bankfull channel depth and channel roughness parameters within a 2-D LISFLOOD-FP hydraulic model using an archive of moderate-resolution (150 m) ENVISAT satellite SAR-derived flood extent maps and a binary performance measure for a 30 × 50 km domain covering the confluence of the rivers Severn and Avon in the UK. The unknown channel parameters are located by a novel technique utilising the information content and dynamic identifiability analysis (DYNIA) (Wagener et al., 2003) of single and combinations of SAR flood extent maps to find the optimum satellite images for model calibration. Highest information content is found in those SAR flood maps acquired near the peak of the flood hydrograph, and improves when more images are combined. We found that model sensitivity to variation in channel depth is greater than for channel roughness and a successful calibration for depth could only be obtained when channel roughness values were confined to a plausible range. The calibrated reach-average channel depth was within 0.9 m (16 % error) of the equivalent value determined from river cross-section survey data, demonstrating that a series of moderate-resolution SAR data can be used to successfully calibrate the depth parameters of a 2-D hydraulic model.
Natural hazard fatalities in Switzerland from 1946 to 2015
Authors: Badoux Alexandre , Andres Norina , Techel Frank , Hegg Christoph
Published: December 2016

Abstract. A database of fatalities caused by natural hazard processes in Switzerland was compiled for the period between 1946 and 2015. Using information from the Swiss flood and landslide damage database and the Swiss destructive avalanche database, the data set was extended back in time and more hazard processes were added by conducting an in-depth search of newspaper reports. The new database now covers all natural hazards common in Switzerland, categorised into seven process types: flood, landslide, rockfall, lightning, windstorm, avalanche and other processes (e.g. ice avalanches, earthquakes). Included were all fatal accidents associated with natural hazard processes in which victims did not expose themselves to an important danger on purpose. The database contains information on 635 natural hazard events causing 1023 fatalities, which corresponds to a mean of 14.6 victims per year. The most common causes of death were snow avalanches (37 %), followed by lightning (16 %), floods (12 %), windstorms (10 %), rockfall (8 %), landslides (7 %) and other processes (9 %). About 50 % of all victims died in one of the 507 single-fatality events; the other half were killed in the 128 multi-fatality events. The number of natural hazard fatalities that occurred annually during our 70-year study period ranged from 2 to 112 and exhibited a distinct decrease over time. While the number of victims in the first three decades (until 1975) ranged from 191 to 269 per decade, it ranged from 47 to 109 in the four following decades. This overall decrease was mainly driven by a considerable decline in the number of avalanche and lightning fatalities. About 75 % of victims were males in all natural hazard events considered together, and this ratio was roughly maintained in all individual process categories except landslides (lower) and other processes (higher). The ratio of male to female victims was most likely to be balanced when deaths occurred at home (in or near a building), a situation that mainly occurred in association with landslides and avalanches. The average age of victims of natural hazards was 35.9 years and, accordingly, the age groups with the largest number of victims were the 20–29 and 30–39 year-old groups, which in combination represented 34 % of all fatalities. It appears that the overall natural hazard mortality rate in Switzerland over the past 70 years has been relatively low in comparison to rates in other countries or rates of other types of fatal accidents in Switzerland. However, a large variability in mortality rates was observed within the country with considerably higher rates in Alpine environments.
Slow strain waves in blocky geological media from GPS and seismological observations on the Amurian plate
Authors: Bykov Victor G. , Trofimenko Sergey V.
Published: December 2016

Abstract. Based on the statistical analysis of spatiotemporal distribution of earthquake epicenters and perennial geodetic observation series, new evidence is obtained for the existence of slow strain waves in the Earth. The results of our investigation allow us to identify the dynamics of seismicity along the northern boundary of the Amurian plate as a wave process. Migration of epicenters of weak earthquakes (2 ≤  M ≤ 4) is initiated by the east–west propagation of a strain wave front at an average velocity of 1000 km yr−1. We have found a synchronous quasi-periodic variation of seismicity in equally spaced clusters with spatial periods of 3.5 and 7.26° comparable with the length of slow strain waves. The geodetic observations at GPS sites in proximity to local active faults show that in a number of cases, the GPS site coordinate seasonal variations exhibit a significant phase shift, whereas the time series of these GPS sites differ significantly from a sinusoid. Based on experimental observation data and the developed model of crustal block movement, we have shown that there is one possible interpretation for this fact that the trajectory of GPS station position disturbance is induced by migration of crustal deformation in the form of slow waves.
Minimising The Counter-Therapeutic Effects Of Coronial Investigations: In Search Of Balance
Authors: Freckelton Ian
Published: December 2016

For more than a decade analyses of coronial processes inspired by both therapeutic jurisprudence and restorative justice have identified the potential for maximising the therapeutic and public health benefits of the investigative functions of coroners’ courts and minimising their counter-therapeutic potential. The focus of both scholarly literature and law reform proposals has been upon addressing deficits in respect of the role of families in coronial investigations and especially coroners’ inquests. This has been a constructive contribution and has improved sensitivity to the risk that family members will be disenfranchised and alienated at a highly vulnerable time after they have been bereaved. This article chronicles the development in awareness of such issues. However, the potential for adv­erse effects on parties other than family members has been inadequately recognised in the literature, save for empirical studies conducted in 2011 for the Coronial Council of Victoria and another study published in 2014 in New Zealand. This article seeks to redress that imbalance. It argues that it is appropriate also to have regard to such potential in endeavouring to provide an approach to the work of coroners that is influenced by the sensibilities of therapeutic jurisprudence and seeks to reduce, so far as possible, counter-therapeutic outcomes for all parties, at the same time prioritising accurate and robust fact-finding and formulation of constructive recommendations to avoid avoidable deaths. It calls for further empirical research on the impact of coroners’ investigations on all affected parties and argues in favour of extension of improved funding to enable approaches to be informed by therapeutic jurisprudence and in particular to enhance eligibility for the services of counselling services attached to coroners’ courts.
Eduardo Sojo, artífice del periodismo satírico en España y Argentina
Authors: Laguna Platero Antonio , Martínez Gallego Francesc-Andreu , Sujatovich Luis
Published: December 2016

El artículo analiza la extensa obra de Eduardo Sojo a través de las publicaciones satíricas que fundó en España y en Argentina durante las últimas décadas siglo XIX. A partir de la indagación de algunas de sus caricaturas políticas se reconstruye su posicionamiento político en los diferentes contextos en los que desarrolló su obra y el impacto que suscitó en la opinión pública su discurso en favor de los valores republicanos y su reiterado repudio hacia el clero, en ambos países.
Sofía Casanova y la narración de la Revolución Soviética en ABC
Authors: Ochoa Crespo Pedro
Published: December 2016

El objetivo de este artículo es el de mostrar como el desigual empoderamiento político de las mujeres durante la Primera Guerra Mundial, se mostró de una manera particular en Sofía Casanova debido a sus condicionantes biográficos y su contexto familiar. Su ideología conservadora y lo que Gisela Bock denominó como maternalismo social relacionada con la práctica católica, delimitaron en gran medida sus discursos en torno a la potencialidad política de sus actos, tanto en su labor como periodista como en su vida cotidiana en la época revolucionaria.
El caso de R. Foster Winans, convicto por tráfico de información privilegiada en Wall Street. La frontera entre ética y legalidad
Authors: Berdasco Gancedo Yolanda
Published: December 2016

R. Foster Winans era un conocido periodista norteamericano, autor de la columna Heard on The Street y con gran influencia entre los lectores de The Wall Street Journal. Decidió emplear la información obtenida con fines periodísticos para obtener beneficios económicos. Para ello, contaba con dos colaboradores que se encargaban de negociar con acciones en el mercado de valores, alertados por las informaciones que el propio Winans les facilitaba antes de publicarlas en su columna. Tanto Winans como los dos corredores de bolsa fueron condenados por su complot para llevar a cabo la tarea. Sin embargo, el periodista considera que más allá de la falta de ética, su comportamiento no era ilícito.
Dispensas y matrimonios secretos en Buenos Aires e Hispanoamérica. Siglo XVIII
Authors: Siegrist Nora
Published: December 2016

Las partidas sacramentales y los matrimonios secretos -admitidos por la Iglesia Católica-revelan la existencia de casos desconocidos en la formación de la sociedad. Motivaciones de consanguinidad directa y concubinatos, disparidad de linaje, de religión, y falta de permisos de las autoridades a funcionarios de la administración de indias, y a militares para que pudieran casarse, son algunos ejemplos analizados para Buenos Aires e Hispanoamérica durante el siglo XVIII.
La política exterior de los Estados Unidos en el último tercio del siglo XIX: una revisión historiográfica
Authors: Sánchez Padilla Andrés
Published: December 2016

Este artículo explora los últimos debates dentro de la historiografía norteamericana sobre la política exterior de los Estados Unidos en el último tercio del siglo XIX y los pone en relación con la historiografía española. Primero se repasan las aportaciones de las principales escuelas historiográficas norteamericanas, desde el realismo a los estudios culturales. Después se argumenta que la historiografía española no ha prestado la atención suficiente a lo que se ha escrito sobre la cuestión en los Estados Unidos. El artículo termina haciendo algunas sugerencias para mejorar el estado del debate académico a ambos lados del Atlántico
Comparison of the influence of defined storing conditions on asian and european pear cultivars
Authors: Šnurkovič Petr , Balí­k Josef , Goliáš Jan , Horák Miroslav , Němcová Anna
Published: December 2016

The study observed changes in the material composition of European (Conference) and Asian (Yali) pears during the storage period at different temperatures. Three different temperatures were selected for storing, i.e. 1 °C, 5 °C and 20 °C. Assessed for each of the pieces of fruit were flesh firmness, titratable acidity, soluble solids content, content of organic acids, and production of ethylene and carbon dioxide. Fruit stored at 1 °C and 5 °C was analysed before the moment of putting to the store and then after 25, 55 and 70 days of storing. Fruit stored at 20 °C was analysed before the moment of putting to the store and then after 14, 22 and 30 days of storing. The respiration intensity observed through carbon dioxide production at refrigeration conditions was approximately of the same progress for both of the varieties. For the Yali variety, the intensity of respiration of the fruit at the start of the storing period strongly decreased.The same progress was recorded for the Conference variety. Storing at 20 °C increased the respiration intensity. The varieties Yali and Conference which were stored under the temperature of 5 °C had the highest CO2 production after 70 days of storage. For both varieties the lowest ethylene production during storage was observed at 1 °C. Ethylene production was higher in Yali pear fruits. The Yali variety stored at 20 °C from the beginning produced up to 10 times higher concentration of ethylene than the fruit of the Conference variety. The highest amount of ethylen by the Conference variety was produced by the fruits which were stored under the temperature of 5 °C. At the beginning of the storage period the Conference pears had two-fold higher flesh firmness than the Yali fruit. Fruits of the varieties Yali and Conference which were stored 70 days under the temperature of 1 °C had the highest flesh firmness. For soluble solids and titratable acidity no clear progress was recorded. Malic acid was predominant in both varieties. The Yali fruit contained more citric acid than the Conference fruit. In both varieties soluble solids gradually increased in the early days of storage at all of the monitored temperatures.
Changes of vitamin C content in celery and parsley herb after processing
Authors: Valší­ková Magdaléna , Mezeyová Ivana , Rehuš Marián , Šlosár Miroslav
Published: December 2016

Humans and other primates have lost the ability to synthesize vitamin C and therefore the only source is diet. Vitamin C or ascorbic acid has labile nature, it is removed or destroyed in specific degree immediately after harvest, but storage and post - harvest processing also contribute to its degradation. The aim of work was to determine the vitamin C content in the herb of selected celery and parsley varieties in dependence on chosen postharvest processing and to compare it with fresh herb. There were chosen five bulb forms varieties of celery (Apium graveolens) - Makara, Ilonaa, Hegy Köi, Talar and Diamant. In case of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) there were evaluated one variety of curly parsley, one variety of herb parsley - Petra, and five varieties of root parsley - Lenka, Eagle, Ginate D´Italia, Titana and Arat. Every variety was harvested in three terms, followed by vitamin C content estimation in fresh herb, after drying and after freezing. The content of vitamin C was estimated by HPLC method by the help of liquid chromatograph with UV detector. There was found the significant difference in content of vitamin C in parsley as well as in celery when comparing the fresh herb with herbs after post - harvest processes - drying (by air circulation in laboratory hall) and freezing. After processing of herbs in both observed species the vitamin C content decreased, in case of freezing it was about 65% (celery) and 61% (parsley), after drying about 86% (celery) and 82% (parsley) in comparison with fresh herb. The effect of processing played more important role in influencing of vitamin C content than variety in case of both selected species. For using of celery and parsley not only as culinary herb, but as a notable source of ascorbic acid it is the most important fresh herb intake.
Tortillas from Grapes: T. Coraghessan Boyle Reimagines Steinbeck's Social-Protest Novel
Authors: Wright Jill Gold
Published: December 2016

T. C. Boyle's The Tortilla Curtain begins with an epigraph taken from The Grapes of Wrath—“They ain't human. A human being wouldn't live like they do. A human being couldn't stand it to be so dirty and miserable”—an intimation that he will probe the same issues Steinbeck explored and ask similar questions of his readers. Published fifty-five years apart, these novels have become companion pieces, telling virtually the same story of abuse and dispossession. Just as the Joads represent an entire population of Dust Bowl Americans, who migrate from nothingness into nothingness, facing horrors in California just as they had in their home states—unemployment, poverty, starvation and inhuman living conditions—Boyle shows that these historical events are not specific to the 1930s. In contemporary California, large populations of Mexicans and Latin Americans immigrate with a dream, arriving only to find despair. Like Steinbeck, Boyle exposes their distressing realities. Both Steinbeck and Boyle were met with harsh criticism for their exposés that hit too close to home. Boyle, then, picks up where the earlier writer leaves off, devoted to continuing Steinbeck's vital mission to bring wrong to light and, hopefully, to instigate social change.
The Legacy of Steinbeck's Interchapters: The Effects of Palimpsest on Group Consciousness and Universality
Authors: Hamilton Sonia
Published: December 2016

This article explores the palimpsestic nature of Steinbeck's classic novel The Grapes of Wrath by comparing it to the modern multimedia play House/Divided. Though The Grapes of Wrath was written before the invention of the literary device of palimpsest, Steinbeck's interweaving of different prose styles and subject matter in the novel's intercalary chapters substantiates an organic form of the contemporary device. By comparing the corresponding characteristics of Steinbeck's defining intercalary chapters and the play's palimpsestic techniques, this essay discusses how both works utilize palimpsest to achieve the same ends: to draw connections between the individual and the group, illuminate historical patterns, and most importantly, raise their audiences' group consciousness and highlight the texts' shared narrative.
Succes- en faalfactoren bij het strafrechtelijk afpakken van crimineel vermogen bij milieucriminaliteit
Authors: van Zanden N. , Neve R.
Published: December 2016

Succes- en faalfactoren bij het strafrechtelijk afpakken van crimineel vermogen bij milieucriminaliteit

Het besef dat milieucriminaliteit hoofdzakelijk wordt gepleegd om er geld mee te verdienen is, anders dan bij ‘traditionele’ vormen van georganiseerde criminaliteit zoals drugs- en mensenhandel, van betrekkelijk recente datum. Om die reden is er langere tijd minder geïnvesteerd in financiële capaciteit bij milieuteams bij de Nationale Politie, Inspectie Leefomgeving en Transport en de Nederlandse Voedsel- en Warenautoriteit. De laatste jaren is getracht om deze achterstand in te lopen. In dit artikel wordt de huidige stand van zaken besproken aangaande de financiële focus en het strafrechtelijk afpakken van crimineel vermogen bij milieucriminaliteit.
Bespreking van de oratie Verantwoord financieel strafrecht van Matthijs Nelemans, Tilburg University, 2015
Authors: Haentjens R.C.P.
Published: December 2016

Bespreking van de oratie Verantwoord financieel strafrecht van Matthijs Nelemans, Tilburg University, 2015

De orator bespreekt het uitdijend rechtsgebied, met als kern de Wft, de evolutie van het handhavingsmodel met zijn open normen en buitengerechtelijke afdoening en ten slotte de legaliteit en legitimiteit van het financieel strafrecht. De recensent vraagt zich af, of de door de orator genoemde rechtsbeginselen wel de rechtsbeginselen (kunnen) zijn die het financieel strafrecht kunnen normeren, nu het rechtsgebied ‘in het gareel’ wordt gehouden door beginselen van commuun strafrecht, bestuursrecht en Europees recht. Hoe moet het met de begrippen als daderschap en samenloop in de straftoemeting? Het is een weerbarstige materie.
PRESENTACIÓN
Authors: . LAOCOONTE
Published: December 2016

Presentación
Jimmy’s Songs: Listening over James Baldwin’s Shoulder
Authors: Pavlić Ed
Published: December 2016

Black music played a crucial role in the work and life of James Baldwin. What Baldwin
heard in the music guided his sense of political reality and human possibility, his
invention of character, his shifting analytical point of view, and his decisions about
what to do, when, and how to do it during his life in private and career in public. The
music, therefore, also offers his critics and his readers important insight and guidance
in their own experience and interpretation of his work. This brief essay accounts for some
of the most basic connections between Baldwin and black music; it serves here as an
introduction to a list of songs, some of which offered Baldwin important guidance and some
of which offer his readers access to deeper meanings in his work. A playlist of songs,
curated by Ed Pavlić and Justin A. Joyce, is available on YouTube at
www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLtSYQ5bCX-C-IZkeQ_PX7ncsbdjI32HSy
“To Crush the Serpent”: James Baldwin, the Religious Right, and the Moral Minority
Authors: Vogel Joseph
Published: December 2016

In the 1980s, James Baldwin recognized that a major transformation had occurred in the
socio-political functions of religion. His critique adapted accordingly, focusing on the
ways in which religion—particularly white evangelical Christianity—had morphed into a
movement deeply enmeshed with mass media, conservativepolitics, and late capitalism.
Religion in the Reagan era was leveraged, sold, and consumed in ways never before seen,
from charismatic televangelists, to Christian-themed amusement parks, to mega-churches.
The new movement was often characterized as the “religious right” or the “Moral Majority”
and was central to both Reagan’s political coalition as well as the broader culture wars.
For Baldwin, this development had wide-ranging ramifications for society and the
individual. This article draws on Baldwin’s final major essay, “To Crush the Serpent”
(1987), to examine the author’s evolving thoughts on religion, salvation, and
transgression in the context of the Reagan era.
Confrontation Between Judicial Activism and State of Exception
Authors: Moura D’Almeida Alexandre Pedro
Published: December 2016

The judiciary has excelled in the international and national scene, reaching role of great importance, thus creating opposition to the legislative and executive powers. The center of gravity of the sovereign power of the state moves toward the judiciary, that happens to have a more active role and controlling of the others powers, but also appears as a great defender of social and fundamental rights causes, seeking to make an effective constitution. Its great public notoriety has attracted great distrust of various sectors of society, especially by the two powers that have an increasing interference. Arises, therefore, a speech that the judiciary would be reversing into a big and uncontrollable power, increasing the suspicion that now it would be living in a real dictatorship of the judiciary through judicial activism. There is a growing concern with the expansion of activism and the role of the judiciary. The purpose of this work is to conceptualize and approach the judicial activism and the state of exception to search and reveal if there is any similarity, to then draw up a possible answer to the concern of forming a dictatorship of the judiciary. The state of exception is one of the rule of law paradoxes, while activism is a political manifestation of the judiciary. The similarity between the institutes appears as appalling in a dynamic expansion of political power of a state institution exercising judicial function, putting in check who would be the sovereign in a rule of law and democratic state.
Political Consensus: A crucial and key element of political organization
Authors: Shehu Sali
Published: December 2016

The following material will focus initially on determining the concept of consensus, as defined by different scholars and different philosophical beliefs, role played by consensus in the establishment and functioning of the rule of law, in operation of international organizations, such as the UN, NATO and the EU. Also, we will discuss briefly the role of consensus in the process of running and organization of these organizations and functioning of the structures of national security in the process of making important decisions, in achieving the standards for Euro-Atlantic integration, and in the closing of this paper we will provide some conclusions which might be of some help in contributing, even theoretically, in the establishment, consolidation and strengthening of the national security structure. Finally, the conclusion part of this paper is thought to offer some recommendations, as well. Of course, due to the scope of this paper, the recommendations are being addressed to the political class, as an attempt to encourage it to use consensus in all areas of its activity.
Outside home. Notes on reflexivity
Authors: Clemente Mara
Published: December 2016

There is a wide spectrum of ways in managing subjectivity intrinsic in research. This paper goes through and “lives” (Gregorio Gil, 2014) some research experiences: one on prostitution of minors and another on trafficking in human beings. These two experiences reveal how some of the characteristics of my subjectivity – among which that of being a “young female foreigner and outsider” in academia and in fieldwork – and of my own researches, have impacted that reflexivity practice alongside access to related fields, types of relationships and shared information. The paper proffers the idea in which a “reflexive process” on subjectivity can involve and/or hopefully involve the entire experience of the researcher, going beyond the borders of a single research. In the process, unexpected elements of subjectivity can come into play; in other cases the meaning attributed to them can change in time or can have a role different from what had been expected. Some elements, objects of epistemological analyses, as imposed by a reflexive approach, can become objects of attention also on the phenomenological level.
The External Dimension of EU Migration Policy
Authors: Gjipali Dorina
Published: December 2016

The policies relating to the management of migration - control of external borders, asylum and immigration have been, as is well known, sovereign prerogatives for excellence. The long-standing refuse of the EU Member States to provide them to a supranational government is a clear evidence of that. Determined to retain the exclusive control over the migrants, States have continued, to handle the situation. This paper aims to reconstruct the foundations of the external dimension of EU migration policy, in order to highlight its complexity, resulting from the global scope of the problem and by its sensitive nature. If the global reach of migration invites the adoption of a coherent strategy that, gives substantial and structural interdependence between internal and external dimensions, allows to strengthen the Union’s credibility on the international stage, the sensitive nature of migration policy confirms ‘the opportunity to implement flexible solutions suitable to shape the criterion of added value. Defining the conditions of consistency and flexibility to which the Union’s external action can bring the management of migration - a management which will pursue all objectives of the EU’s migration policy in accordance with the its principles, such as solidarity and the protection of fundamental rights - is the focus of this paper.
Epithelial magnesium transport by TRPM6 is essential for prenatal development and adult survival
Authors: Chubanov Vladimir , Ferioli Silvia , Wisnowsky Annika , Simmons David G , Leitzinger Christin , Einer Claudia , Jonas Wenke , Shymkiv Yuriy , Bartsch Harald , Braun Attila , Akdogan Banu , Mittermeier Lorenz , Sytik Ludmila , Torben Friedrich , Jurinovic Vindi , van der Vorst Emiel PC , Weber Christian , Yildirim Önder A , Sotlar Karl , Schürmann Annette , Zierler Susanna , Zischka Hans , Ryazanov Alexey G , Gudermann Thomas
Published: December 2016

Mg2+ regulates many physiological processes and signalling pathways. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying the organismal balance of Mg2+. Capitalizing on a set of newly generated mouse models, we provide an integrated mechanistic model of the regulation of organismal Mg2+ balance during prenatal development and in adult mice by the ion channel TRPM6. We show that TRPM6 activity in the placenta and yolk sac is essential for embryonic development. In adult mice, TRPM6 is required in the intestine to maintain organismal Mg2+ balance, but is dispensable in the kidney. Trpm6 inactivation in adult mice leads to a shortened lifespan, growth deficit and metabolic alterations indicative of impaired energy balance. Dietary Mg2+ supplementation not only rescues all phenotypes displayed by Trpm6-deficient adult mice, but also may extend the lifespan of wildtype mice. Hence, maintenance of organismal Mg2+ balance by TRPM6 is crucial for prenatal development and survival to adulthood.
Semi-intact ex vivo approach to investigate spinal somatosensory circuits
Authors: Hachisuka Junichi , Baumbauer Kyle M , Omori Yu , Snyder Lindsey M , Koerber H Richard , Ross Sarah E
Published: December 2016

The somatosensory input that gives rise to the perceptions of pain, itch, cold and heat are initially integrated in the superficial dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Here, we describe a new approach to investigate these neural circuits in mouse. This semi-intact somatosensory preparation enables recording from spinal output neurons, while precisely controlling somatosensory input, and simultaneously manipulating specific populations of spinal interneurons. Our findings suggest that spinal interneurons show distinct temporal and spatial tuning properties. We also show that modality selectivity — mechanical, heat and cold — can be assessed in both retrogradely labeled spinoparabrachial projection neurons and genetically labeled spinal interneurons. Finally, we demonstrate that interneuron connectivity can be determined via optogenetic activation of specific interneuron subtypes. This new approach may facilitate key conceptual advances in our understanding of the spinal somatosensory circuits in health and disease.
Surface modification of a-plane sapphire substrates and its effect on crystal orientation of ZnTe layer
Authors: Nakasu Taizo , Sun Wei-Che , Kobayashi Masakazu
Published: December 2016

Domain structures of ZnTe layers grown on a-plane sapphire substrates were investigated by changing the crystallographic properties of the surface and interface. Pole figure images were obtained and we investigated the domain structure in the grown film and the orientation relationships between films and substrates. It was confirmed that two kinds of {111} domains were oriented by annealing the buffer layer at 350 °C, while the (100) domain was obtained by annealing the buffer layer at 300 °C. From the results of the rocking curve measurement, the introduction of a step-terrace surface through the high-temperature treatment of the substrate resulted in an improved crystallographic quality. However, it did not affect the domain structure in the layer. The introduction of an off-angle on the substrate surface resulted in the formation of a single (111) domain layer. These crystallographic features were mainly affected by the surface atom arrangement of the sapphire substrate and its chemical nature.
Comparison of induced damage, range, reflection, and sputtering yield between amorphous, bcc crystalline, and bubble-containing tungsten materials under hydrogen isotope and noble gas plasma irradiations
Authors: Saito Seiki , Nakamura Hiroaki , Tokitani Masayuki
Published: December 2016

Binary-collision-approximation simulation of hydrogen isotope (i.e., hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium) and noble gas (i.e., helium, neon, and argon) injections into tungsten materials is performed. Three tungsten structures (i.e., amorphous, bcc crystalline, and helium bubble-containing structures) are prepared as target materials. Then, the trajectories of incident atoms, the distribution of recoil atoms, the penetration depth range of incident atoms, the sputtering yield, and the reflection rate are carefully investigated for these target materials.
Engaging Faculty and Reducing Costs by Leveraging Collections: A Pilot Project to Reduce Course Pack Use
Authors: Cancilla Nelly , Glushko Bobby , Orfano Stephanie , Slaght Graeme
Published: December 2016

INTRODUCTION Academic libraries have the privilege of serving many roles in the lives of their institutions. One role that is largely untapped is their ability to actively leverage their collections to support faculty teaching and to reduce student out-of-pocket costs by eliminating systemic double payment for course materials. DESCRIPTION OF PROGRAM/SERVICE This paper details a project by the Scholarly Communications and Copyright Office (SCCO) at the University of Toronto that aimed to reduce this systemic double payment by leveraging collections and electronic reserves to provide a new service, the Zero-to-Low Cost Courses. Building on existing relationships with faculty, SCCO staff reached out to potential candidates, identified library licensed materials in their printed course packs, and created digital course packs which students could use at no cost. NEXT STEPS This article shares the results of the project and explores next steps in using existing library resources to actively reduce student course costs.