bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Biomarcadores evolutivos de cáncer gástrico en Nariño
Authors: Pazos M Alvaro , Pantoja G Renato , Guzman Kevin
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Dilucidar el papel de la coevolución del genoma humano y de Helicobacter pylori en la patogenesis gástrica en población de Nariño-Colombia. Materiales y Métodos: Se aisló Helicobacter pylori de biopsias gástricas obtenidas de 292 pacientes con enfermedad gástrica de Nariño. El diagnóstico histológico se realizó por la clasificación de Sydney. Se incluyeron 252 cepas de H. pylori para el análisis MLST, que las asignó a poblaciones ancestrales (hpAfrica1, hpAfrica2, hpEurope, hpEAsia). Para los análisis evolutivos humanos se utilizó Immunochip y el software ESTRUCTURE para determinar proporciones de ascendencia por comparación con 712 secuencias globales de base MLST de H. pylori (http://pubmlst.org/helicobacter). Resultados: Las cepas de H. pylori en Nariño se derivan de cuatro poblaciones ancestrales: Africa (AA1), Europea (AE1 y AE2) y Asia Oriental (AEA). Los aislamientos contenían fracciones sustanciales de ancestría africana AA1 en la costa, y europea, AE2 en la región montañosa. Debido a que la población de montaña tenía un mínimo de ancestría africana del huésped, nos preguntamos si AA1 aumentaba la gravedad de las lesiones gástricas en los sujetos con baja ancestría africana. Tal escenario podría significar una coadaptación interrumpida: disrupción de la coevolución humano-H. pylori. Cuando consideramos a las 56 personas con menos del 17,6% de ancestria africana, encontramos que todas las personas que portaban H. pylori con >19,8% de ancestría africana AA1, n = 20 tenían lesiones severas. Conclusión: Las relaciones coevolutivas humano-H. pylori son biomarcadores importantes de enfermedad gástrica, y la interrupción de estas relaciones desenlazan lesiones gástricas mas avanzadas en Nariño.
The relationship between anxiety and emotional distress in nicotine addiction
Authors: Angelescu Andreea Elena , Sandu Mihaela Luminița
Published: December 2023

This study investigates the interrelationship between anxiety and emotional distress in the context of nicotine addiction. Multivariate statistical analysis was applied to determine whether anticipatory anxiety is associated with increased levels of emotional distress, and whether this association is mediated by severity of nicotine dependence. Results indicate a significant correlation between anxiety and emotional distress, with nicotine dependence serving as a partial mediator. These findings suggest that clinical interventions designed to reduce anxiety may play a key role in reducing emotional distress and potentially facilitating smoking cessation. The study contributes to the existing literature by emphasizing the importance of addressing psychological comorbidity in the treatment of nicotine addiction and provides insight for the development of more effective therapeutic strategies.
The Principle of Independence of Multiple Bank Accounts for A Single Client and its Effects in Cases of Bankruptcy and Seizure
Authors: Hameed Riyadh Nadhim , Rafea Ali Abbas
Published: December 2023

The multiplicity of bank accounts for a single client is a phenomenon observed in most countries, often stemming from financial crises faced by banks. Whether the client is an individual or a legal entity, they have the right to open multiple bank accounts, either within one bank, or across several branches of the same bank, or even in different banks. This gives rise to legal implications. Having multiple bank accounts across different banks generally does not pose any legal issues due to the legal independence of these accounts. However, challenges may arise when opening multiple accounts with the same bank or its branches. Each account is subject to specific rules governing its operation, suspension, and associated transactions. Consequently, there is a variation in the financial returns of these accounts based on their independence, leading to legal implications such as seizure and client bankruptcy. If a client goes bankrupt and has both creditor and debtor accounts, the bank pays the creditor balance in the creditor account to the bankruptcy estate. The bank is treated as a debtor with the debtor account balance and is subject to the division of creditors. This means that the bank cannot offset the creditor side of one account against the debtor side of another account opened by the same client. Moreover, according to the principle of independence, if one of the client's accounts in a bank or its branches is seized, it does not affect other accounts, and the seizure does not extend to them. This is in contrast to situations lacking independence.
Oil Price and Stock Market Nexus in Nigeria: An Asymmetric Cointegration Based on Non-Linear Ardl Approach
Authors: Muhammad Sanusi Yakubu , Auwal Isah , Kumo Bello Abdulmajeed , Fadimah Yusuf
Published: December 2023

This paper examined the asymmetric nexus between oil price and stock prices in Nigeria using nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag model (NARDL) to capture both long-run and short-run asymmetric relations. To achieve this, monthly time series data from 2014m1 to 2023m6 were gathered from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the Nigeria Exchange Group (NGX). The estimation results confirmed the existence of both long-run and short-run asymmetry behaviour of stock prices in Nigeria. Precisely, in the long-run, interest rate, exchange rate and oil price increase tend to increase stock price levels in Nigeria. Similarity, in the short-run, only oil price increase seems to increase stock prices while oil price decrease seems to decrease stock prices in Nigeria. Furthermore, the empirical findings from asymmetric effect show that negative changes in exchange rate fell sharply due to decrease in oil price which further translate to stock price, suggesting the existence of feed backs from oil to stock markets. The paper recommends that investors should invest in Nigerian stock market in that a hike in oil price leads to appreciation in domestic currency, which translate to appreciation in stock price in Nigeria and vice versa. This suggests that investment in stock market can be used as a tool to ease the domestic currency pressure to a sustainable level. Hence, the need to maintain stable oil prices cannot be overstressed.
Monocorns and Multicorns – Emerging Startup Models from Higher Education Institutes
Authors: Aithal P. S.
Published: December 2023

Purpose: Monocorn and Multicorn business startups emerging from higher education institutions represent an intriguing outcome of experiential learning for graduates who have actively participated in incubator programs. Monocorns, characterized by their exclusive ownership under a single entrepreneur, epitomize the essence of individual ambition and drive in the startup ecosystem. These enterprises typically feature dedicated websites aimed at promoting and selling an array of digital or physical products and services. In contrast, Multicorns, forged by collaborative efforts of a team of entrepreneurs or friends, symbolize the power of collective innovation and resource pooling. Such ventures are often equipped with comprehensive websites and integrated payment gateways to facilitate efficient sales and customer engagement. By examining and comparing the dynamics of Monocorns and Multicorns, we gain valuable insights into the diverse pathways that graduates can embark on while nurturing their entrepreneurial dreams and contributing to the dynamic landscape of business innovation. Methodology: Exploratory research method is used to propose two new models of startups from higher educational institutions due to incubationship. Results/Analysis: The paper describes two new models of startups as a result of single or team-based efforts to create entrepreneurs from higher education institutions. The definition, description, comparison, and ABCD analysis of both models are separately carried out from the stakeholder’s points of view. Originality/Values: The paper contains two new models of creating entrepreneurs from higher education institutions as a result of experiential learning opportunities given to the students through a recently announced new model called incubationship. Type of Paper: Exploratory Analysis.
Altıncı Sınıf İngilizce Dersi Öğretim Programına İlişkin Paydaş Görüşleri
Authors: VAROL ŞANLI Şeyma , TAN ŞİŞMAN Gülçin
Published: December 2023

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 2018 yılı itibariyle uygulamada olan altıncı sınıf İngilizce dersi öğretim programının farklı paydaş görüşleri doğrultusunda incelenmesidir. Tarama deseniyle yürütülen çalışmanın verileri, altıncı sınıf İngilizce dersi öğretim programı temel alınarak araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan anket formları aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Doğu Karadeniz Bölgesi’ndeki devlete bağlı ortaokullarda görev yapan 180 İngilizce öğretmeni, 65 okul yöneticisi ve 70 altıncı sınıf velisi oluşturmaktadır. Öğretmen, veli ve okul yöneticileri için ayrı ayrı geliştirilen anket formları aracılığıyla elde edilen nicel veriler, betimsel istatistik yöntemleri kullanılarak çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmadan elde edilen bazı önemli bulgular ise şunlardır: Öğretmen anketi sonuçları; öğretmenlerin genel olarak altıncı sınıf İngilizce dersi öğretim programını uygun ve etkili bulduklarını ancak ders saatinin yetersiz olduğunu, kazanımların dört dil becerisini geliştirmek için yeterli sayıda olmadığını ve programın önerdiği ölçme-değerlendirme teknikleri ile dört dil becerisinin değerlendirilmesinin mümkün olmadığını düşündüklerini ortaya koymuştur. Okul yöneticisi anketi sonuçları ise eğitim öğretim çalışmalarının etkili ve verimli yürütüldüğünü ancak İngilizce derslerinin değerlendirilmesinde dört dil becerisinin ölçülmediğini göstermiştir. Son olarak veli anketi sonuçları ise velilerin programın önerdiği veli-okul iş birliği süreçlerine yönelik İngilizce öğretmenlerinin öğrencilerin İngilizce gelişimini teşvik edici yollar önerdiğini ve düzenli olarak öğrencilerin İngilizce gelişimi hakkında velilere bilgi sağladığını ancak okulda yapılan sınavlarda öğrencilerin yazma, dinleme, konuşma ve okuma becerilerine dair velilere dönütler vermediğini ortaya koymuştur. Araştırma sonuçlarının program geliştirme sürecine katkı sağlaması ve İngilizce dersi öğretim programının daha nitelikli bir seviyeye ulaştırılmasında yol gösterici olması beklenmektedir.
La Historia y nuestro presente: de la nación a la tribu
Authors: Sabato Hilda
Published: December 2023

Conferencia dictada en ocasión del otorgamiento del Doctorado Honoris Causa por la Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario, 11 de noviembre de 2022. Será reproducida en la colección Conversaciones en la biblioteca, de la misma universidad.
La sobrevida de una corriente emocional: un seguimiento del largo alcance de Comunidades imaginadas
Authors: Acree William
Published: December 2023

40 años de Comunidades Imaginadas. Vidas y sobrevidas de un clásico
Comunidades imaginadas y la crisis del tercermundismo
Authors: Bergel Martín
Published: December 2023

40 años de Comunidades Imaginadas. Vidas y sobrevidas de un clásico
Comunidades fracturadas
Authors: Roshwald Aviel
Published: December 2023

40 años de Comunidades Imaginadas. Vidas y sobrevidas de un clásico
Ángel Rama: cartas de un editor letrado
Authors: De Torres Inés
Published: December 2023

La correspondencia de Ángel Rama: un mapa de la vida intelectual latinoamericana en tiempos intensos
Edward Gibbon, Ensayo sobre el estudio de la literatura y Memorias de mi vida
Authors: Rupérez Luis
Published: December 2023

Edward Gibbon, Ensayo sobre el estudio de la literatura y Memorias de mi vida
Sabina Loriga y Jacques Revel, Une histoire inquiète. Les historiens et le tournant linguistique
Authors: Acha Omar
Published: December 2023

Sabina Loriga y Jacques Revel, Une histoire inquiète. Les historiens et le tournant linguistique
Diego Escolar, Los indios montoneros. Un desierto rebelde para la nación argentina (Guanacache, siglos XVIII-XX)
Authors: Rodríguez Lorena B.
Published: December 2023

Diego Escolar, Los indios montoneros. Un desierto rebelde para la nación argentina (Guanacache, siglos XVIII-XX)
Isabella Cosse (Comp.), Familias e infancias en la historia contemporánea. Jerarquías de clase, género y edad en Argentina
Authors: Barrancos Dora
Published: December 2023

Isabella Cosse (Comp.), Familias e infancias en la historia contemporánea. Jerarquías de clase, género y edad en Argentina
María Teresa Gramuglio, La construcción de la imagen y otros estudios literarios
Authors: Podlubne Judith
Published: December 2023

María Teresa Gramuglio, La construcción de la imagen y otros estudios literarios
Marcelo Casals, Contrarrevolución, colaboracionismo y protesta. La clase media chilena y la dictadura militar
Authors: Palieraki Eugenia
Published: December 2023

Marcelo Casals, Contrarrevolución, colaboracionismo y protesta. La clase media chilena y la dictadura militar
Ana Sánchez Trolliet, Te devora la ciudad. Itinerarios urbanos y figuraciones espaciales en el rock de Buenos Aires
Authors: López Perea Fedra
Published: December 2023

Ana Sánchez Trolliet, Te devora la ciudad. Itinerarios urbanos y figuraciones espaciales en el rock de Buenos Aires
Development of the recipe and technology of flour confectionery with the addition of jerusalem artichoke concentrate
Authors: Toshkhodjaev N. A. , Rakhmonova D. A.
Published: December 2023

This article provides information about the production of cookies with the addition of Jerusalem artichoke powder. According to research, it is known that vegetables of the tuber family, that is, Jerusalem artichoke, due to its rich chemical composition, including the presence of inulin in its composition, can have functional properties, and it can be used as a food additive in the composition of flour confectionery. The main directions of innovative transformations of confectionery enterprises of the Sughd region are the use of unconventional raw materials in the production of confectionery products in order to increase the content of the most important nutrients, improve the balance of the main essential nutrients, improve the quality and increase the shelf life of finished products, as well as the provision of functional products, which generally corresponds to global trends. Currently, consumers of confectionery products want to see something bol in these products. Currently, consumers of confectionery products want to see in these products something more than sweetness, taste and aroma, they need confidence that the products will not harm their health, so one of the tasks set for technologists is the development of innovative confectionery products not only to expand the range, but also to improve their nutritional value. The lack of complete information from manufacturers about the latest developments, as a consequence of the underdevelopment of information support, affects all aspects of the innovation process in the industry. In these studies, a recipe for functional flour confectionery products was developed with the introduction of various percentages of the total mass of topinambur concentrate wheat flour in the form of powder. The amount of powder added was: in sample No. 1 – control without the addition of topinambur concentrate, in sample No. 2 – 5% of topinambur concentrate was added by weight of flour, in sample No3.
Influence of collagen films on the microbial obsemination of semi-finished meat products
Authors: Sabraly C. E. , Kutsova A. E. , Аbzhanova Sh. А. , Katasheva A. Ch. , Beisembayeva A. B.
Published: December 2023

The article shows the effect of collagen films on microbial contamination and quality indicators during the storage of semi-finished products, as well as microbiological and organoleptic studies. Innovations in the field of food packaging are currently the most promising breakthrough of nanotechnology in everyday life. The impact of nanotechnology on the life, health and safety of mankind in the coming century can be compared with the general impact of antibiotics, printed circuits and polymers on the life of society. According to the results of microbiological studies, it was found that the use of film barrier coatings leads to inhibition of the growth of microflora and has a bacteriostatic effect, which contributes to lengthening the shelf life of semi-finished products compared with control samples. The research works were devoted to semi-finished beef products. The study revealed the dynamics of the microflora content of semi-finished products during storage, studied the effect of the developed collagen coatings on the development of microorganisms and changes in the quality indicators of meat semi-finished products during long-term storage. And also, an organoleptic assessment of the quality of packaged products was carried out. The aim of the work is to substantiate the barrier technologies of meat semi-finished products and culinary products due to the purposeful use of biologically active substances of plants and collagen proteins of animal tissues.
Study of the effect of probiotics on the shelf life of chilled broiler meat
Authors: Begdildayeva N. Zh. , Akhmetsadykova Sh. N. , Nurgazina A. S. , Kudaibergenova A. K. , Akhmetsadykov N. N.
Published: December 2023

Poultry meat can be contaminated with a wide range of microorganisms, including those that can spoil the product during chill storage and certain foodborne pathogens. This study aims to investigate the effect of probiotics on the shelf life of shilled broiler meat. The object of the study was fresh broiler meat obtained from broiler chickens fed three different amounts of probiotics, which were isolated from shubat and koumiss. For the control group, birds were fed a basal diet (BD) and drinking water (DW). Chicks in the experimental groups were fed by BD, DW, and probiotics 0.25 mL, 0.5 mL, and 1.0 mL per bird (groups Pro1, Pro2, and Pro3, respectively), for 42 days. Following slaughter, the filets were packed aerobically and stored in temperature-controlled conditions at 4±2ºC. Microbial examinations of meat quality included QMAFAnM, BGKP, pathogenic (Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes), yeast, and mold. The sensory parameters were used to determine the meat samples' shelf life. Broiler filets had a sensory shelf life of 7 to 9 days. The novelty of this study lies in its focus on the use of probiotics in broiler meat, particularly in the context of Kazakhstan. While probiotics have been studied in a variety of food products, their effect on broiler meat in Kazakhstan has yet to be investigated. As per our results, we can recommend the application of the Pro2 level for the best shelf life, microbial quality, and sensory properties.
Determination of organoleptic indicators and vitamin c content in freezed raspberry
Authors: Temirova I. Zh. , Ospankulova G. Kh.
Published: December 2023

Due to the growing demand for functional nutrition, raspberries are of considerable interest, as they are sources of nutrients and various biologically active compounds which has high antioxidant activity. Yet, fresh berries are seasonal and perishable due to the high water content, which affects their constant availability. One of the oldest methods drying is used to remove water and ensure the stability of food during storage. Currently, one of the most advanced processing method used to expand the shelf life of berries, preserve vitamins and desired organoleptic properties is freeze-drying. The purpose of this work was to determine the organoleptic parameters and vitamin C content in freeze-dried raspberries, with respect to drying parameters. It was found that during freeze-drying of raspberries, the best organoleptic indicators and maximum preservation of vitamin C are observed at a shelf temperature of 35 0C and a duration of 18 hours. An increase in the parameters of the drying process (time and temperature) leads to a deterioration of organoleptic parameters and a decrease in vitamin C in freeze-dried berries.
Development of the formula of meat and vegetable canned lamb
Authors: Chomanov U. , Kenenbay G. S. , Tursunov A. A. , Zhumalieva T. M. , Tultabaev N. Z.
Published: December 2023

Canned meat and meat-growing products are one of the most popular meat products among consumers and as a result, the range of canned products of this type is very diverse. Modern consumers are more conscious in the choice of food and prefer products with functional properties at the same time high organoleptic indicators, which accordingly affects the market demand. The purpose of our research is to use the response surface method to optimize the amount of mash and lamb in canned meat. Using the surface response method ("Design Expert", Stat-Ease Inc., USA), the added amount of mash and mutton was optimized to obtain the final product with the maximum protein content, the amount of essential amino acids, polyphenols and with a minimum fat content. The calculated optimal amount for masha is 40%, for lamb – 30%, the corresponding protein index is 26.986%, the content of polyphenols is 0.54%, the fat content is 24%. The results of the conducted studies suggest that the use of mash and mutton in the production of canned meat makes it possible to obtain a product with high quality characteristics.
Study of the biological value of an oat drink
Authors: Khastayeva А. Zh. , Omaraliyeva A. M. , Bekturganova A. A. , Serikov A. Zh. , Mukhtarkhanova R. B. , Myrzhykbayeva A. D.
Published: December 2023

One of the most important factors that has a significant impact on the health of the population of the Republic of Kazakhstan is a violation of the diet, due to insufficient consumption of high-grade proteins, vitamins, macro- and microelements and their irrational ratio. Today, the food market increasingly reflects consumer demand for health. A clear example of this trend can be called vegetable milk, vegetable milk is prepared mainly from nuts and cereals. In Europe, sales of plant - based milk and other dairy-free products grow by more than 20% per year. The use of local vegetable raw materials of Kazakhstan in the technology of production of grain drinks is an actual and promising direction in the food industry. In Kazakhstan, cereals are produced in large quantities, but there is no production of plant-based beverages, although the production of plant-based milk is already widespread throughout the world. The article presents the results of a study of the biological value of an oat drink enriched with Omega-3 PUFAs. The study conducted a comparative analysis between fortified and non-fortified oat drinks.
Uberização e eleições no Brasil: análise dos nomes de urna com referências às plataformas digitais de transporte e delivery (2016-2020)
Authors: Tozi Fábio , Ribeiro Duarte Leandro
Published: December 2023

As plataformas digitais de transporte e entrega simbolizam a uberização das relações de trabalho na fase neoliberal do capitalismo e se banalizaram no cotidiano de muitas cidades. Buscando revelar reverberações político-eleitorais nesse processo, o artigo apresenta uma análise do nome de urna dos candidatos às eleições municipais (2016 e 2020) com referências à uberização e a corporações em plataformas digitais. Na primeira parte do texto, com base no banco de dados do TSE (Tribunal Superior Eleitoral), descreve-se e analisa-se o crescimento do número desses candidatos, seu perfil, sua distribuição pelo território e filiação partidária. Em um segundo momento, qualitativo e apoiado nos dados do TSE, com análise de redes virtuais e entrevistas, reconstitui-se a trajetória de um dos candidatos com “Uber” em seu nome de urna que foi eleito vereador pelo Município de São Paulo. Argumenta-se que o candidato utilizou o tema da uberização como um capital político de sua persona. Por fim, apresenta-se a articulação de candidatos ligados à atividade dos motoristas por aplicativo. As considerações finais indicam que o crescimento da adoção de nomes de urna ligados à uberização é geograficamente seletivo, porém representativo da banalização desse processo na vida social e na vida política. Além disso, indicam-se os limites institucionais e as questões federativas ligadas ao ente municipal em face à plataformização e apresentam-se hipóteses para pesquisas futuras sobre a relação entre nomes de urna, uberização e plataformização.
Impacto dos choques macroeconômicos sobre o setor industrial cearense: uma abordagem utilizando o modelo de vetor de correção de erro
Authors: Da Silva Moura Yure Révelles , Martins Guedes João Paulo
Published: December 2023

Esse artigo tem como objetivo investigar como o setor industrial do Ceará responde aos choques que ocorrem em importantes variáveis macroeconômicas e examina uma possível relação de equilíbrio de longo prazo entre as variáveis e o produto industrial. Para isto, foi utilizado um conjunto de dados mensais, entre janeiro de 2002 a dezembro de 2019, das variáveis Preços do Petróleo, Taxa de Câmbio, Taxa de Juros e Produção Industrial. A estratégia metodológica se concentrou na análise da relação de equilíbrio de longo prazo entre as variáveis e na estimação de uma função impulso resposta e decomposição da variância, por meio de uma modelagem com Vetores Autoregressivos VAR/VEC. Como resultados, foi possível identificar a existência de uma relação de longo prazo entre o produto industrial e as variáveis do sistema.
Amazônia legal: uma análise da convergência do crescimento e do desenvolvimento econômico
Authors: Jamestony de Carvalho e Souza Kennedy , Ferrera de Lima Jandir
Published: December 2023

Este artigo analisou a convergência do crescimento econômico e do desenvolvimento socioeconômico da região Amazônia Legal. Para isso, utilizou-se a metodologia das Médias de Convergências. Os resultados apontaram que as variáveis relacionadas ao crescimento econômico, apresentaram-se como convergentes e demonstraram um grande crescimento no período. Em relação às variáveis relacionadas ao desenvolvimento socioeconômico, o nível de convergência foi significativo, com exceção da variável emprego e renda, o qual se mostrou divergente.
Uso da terra e da água da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Novo, UGRHI-17, São Paulo, Brasil: identificação dos principais setores consumidores e contribuições para a gestão da água
Authors: Trindade Amorim Amanda , Piroli Edson Luís
Published: December 2023

A compatibilização do gerenciamento dos recursos hídricos com o uso da terra é fundamental para garantir condições de qualidade de vida para a população atual e futuras gerações. A presente pesquisa objetivou analisar o uso e cobertura da terra e da água em uma bacia hidrográfica do Estado de São Paulo, visando identificar os principais setores consumidores e contribuir para a gestão da água. Os mapeamentos foram elaborados utilizando imagens do satélite Sentinel-2. Foram levantados também os dados sobre o uso da água (formas de abastecimento, dados de outorga e evolução histórica espacial dos pivôs centrais utilizados para irrigação). O principal setor consumidor é o agropecuário e ressalta-se a dificuldade de adquirir dados quantitativos sobre a disponibilidade hídrica e a demanda de água no Brasil.
Özdemirs Glyphosatdilemma
Authors: Mönch Axel , Pehl Patrick
Published: December 2023

Brüssel/Berlin. Die Entscheidung der EU, Glyphosat für weitere zehn Jahre zuzulassen, stößt in Deutschland auf Widerstand. Im Gegensatz zu anderen EU-Staaten, die sich enthielten oder die Verlängerung befürworteten, deutet die Bundesregierung auf einen potenziellen Alleingang hin: Trotz EU-Zulassung könnte Glyphosat in Deutschland verboten bleiben.
Oportunidades para las ciencias sociales y las humanidades en tiempos de crisis
Authors:   Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, Morales-Jasso Gerardo , Morales Aguilar Gabriela ,   Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, México, Bañuelos Aquino Víctor Manuel ,   Instituto de Investigaciones Bibliográficas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Published: December 2023

El presente artículo explora las oportunidades que tienen las ciencias sociales y humanidades en tiempos de crisis. A menudo, estas disciplinas son consideradas como obsoletas o en declive en la era de la tecnología y el capitalismo. Sin embargo, se argumenta que las ciencias sociales y humanidades tienen mucho que ofrecer en el mundo contemporáneo. Para ello, se parte de la necesidad de abrir e impensar estas disciplinas. Se analizan tres cambios recientes que demuestran la vigencia de las ciencias sociales y humanidades en la actualidad: la problemática ambiental, el surgimiento de la tecnociencia y la imposibilidad de sustituir a los científicos sociales y humanistas por inteligencias artificiales. Además, se plantean oportunidades para las ciencias sociales y humanidades en el contexto actual y futuro, por lo que se amplía la relevancia de estas disciplinas en el mundo contemporáneo para abordar problemas complejos. Se concluye que es necesario que los científicos sociales y humanistas abandonen su zona de confort, trabajen colaborativamente, aborden problemas actuales y desarrollen ciencia aplicada para demostrar su relevancia y capacidad de contribuir al bienestar de la sociedad en general.
Entre la discriminación y la solidaridad: la construcción estratégica de identidad entre migrantes venezolanos en Quito, Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad de Otavalo, Mantilla Jorge
Published: December 2023

La migración de personas venezolanas es un fenómeno ampliamente relevante en Latinoamérica. Gran parte de la literatura en las ciencias sociales, así como el lenguaje político y mediático, han representado a estos colectivos como un todo homogéneo, bajo la etiqueta de la nacionalidad. El presente artículo cuestiona este posicionamiento, analizando —desde un enfoque cualitativo— procesos de construcción identitaria entre ciudadanos venezolanos en Quito, Ecuador. Los resultados muestran que el desarrollo de identidades es un proceso dinámico, abierto y estratégico. En escenarios marcados por la discriminación o la xenofobia, se refuerzan narrativas identitarias asociadas a parámetros éticos y de clase. Por otra parte, la pertenencia nacional es enfatizada en situaciones en que esta puede ser utilizada para movilizar diferentes formas de capital. Este acercamiento a la identidad resalta la importancia de la agencia de los migrantes e invita a repensar el enfoque desde el cuál las ciencias sociales analizan fenómenos migratorios.
INTERVENÇÃO FISIOTERAPÊUTICA NO TRATAMENTO DE CRIANÇAS COM TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA (TEA): REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Authors: Carmo Cristina Vieira do , Silva Rebeca Bentes da , Araújo Mônica Garcia de
Published: December 2023

O tratamento da criança com TEA deve ser multidisciplinar, personalizado e permanente ao longo do ciclo vital, em constante revisão e acompanhamento, para favorecer o pleno desenvolvimento das potencialidades das pessoas com TEA, sua integração social e sua qualidade de vida. A fisioterapia serve para trabalhar o reconhecimento do esquema corporal e a resposta motora e sensorial, melhorar a relação do corpo com a realidade e ajudar a construir uma relação mais segura e de confiança. O objetivo do presente artigo é tevisar a literatura sobre a importância da intervenção fisioterapêutica no tratamento em crianças com TEA e sugerir outras áreas de pesquisa em fisioterapia e TEA, considerando como a fisioterapia pode beneficiar crianças com autismo. Como metodologia, utilizou-se a revisão de literatura, onde todos os estudos relevantes foram extraídos por busca nas bases de dados SCIELO, CAPES e PUBMED.  Para a realização das buscas utilizou-se os seguintes descritores “Fisioterapia”, “Autismo”, “Tratamento”. A busca nas bases de dados foi realizada em agosto de 2023.  Os critérios de inclusão foram artigos originais, publicados no período que compreende os anos de 2018 e 2023, disponíveis nos idiomas português e inglês, indexados nas bases de dados supracitadas que tratassem acerca da fisioterapia no tratamento das crianças com TEA. A compilação dos artigos nas bases de dados, evidenciou os parâmetros elencados para chegar ao total de estudos utilizados, que foram 14 artigos. Conclui-se que a abordagem da criança com TEA por meio da fisioterapia tem como consequência evidenciar possíveis cuidados que, estabelecidos desde cedo, podem servir para melhorar a independência funcional, principalmente quando o prognóstico é pior pela concomitância de múltiplos sintomas.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DO MEDICAMENTO GENÉRICO NO MERCADO FARMACÊUTICO
Authors: Paula Alexander Costa de , Carvalho Alcione Silva de , Andrade Leonardo Guimarães de
Published: December 2023

Os medicamentos genéricos desempenham um papel essencial na saúde pública, oferecendo uma alternativa eficaz e econômica em relação aos medicamentos de marca. Apesar de possuírem a mesma qualidade, segurança e eficácia dos medicamentos de referência, ainda existem mitos e desafios associados à sua aceitação. O farmacêutico surge como uma figura central nesse contexto, educando e esclarecendo dúvidas sobre o uso de genéricos. Sua utilização promove uma significativa economia, especialmente em tratamentos crônicos, favorecendo a adesão dos pacientes ao tratamento. Além disso, a opção pelo genérico resulta em uma redução de custos para o sistema de saúde, beneficiando a sociedade em geral. A atenção farmacêutica é fundamental para reforçar esses benefícios e garantir que os pacientes recebam a medicação apropriada para suas necessidades. Esse artigo abordará esse tema através de dados retirados da literatura, com o objetivo de conscientizar a população pela importância do genérico e assim com a atenção farmacêutica, orientar os consumidores sobre a utilização dos fármacos genéricos.
Insights into soil NO emissions and the contribution to surface ozone formation in China
Authors: Huang Ling , Fang Jiong , Liao Jiaqiang , Yarwood Greg , Chen Hui , Wang Yangjun , Li Li
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Elevated ground-level ozone concentrations have emerged as a major environmental issue in China. Nitrogen oxide (NOx) is a key precursor to ozone formation. Although control strategies aimed at reducing NOx emissions from conventional combustion sources are widely recognized, soil NOx emissions (mainly as NO) due to microbial processes have received little attention. The impact of soil NO emissions on ground-level ozone concentration is yet to be evaluated. This study estimated soil NO emissions in China using the Berkeley–Dalhousie Soil NOx Parameterization (BDSNP) algorithm. A typical modeling approach was used to quantify the contribution of soil NO emissions to surface ozone concentration. The brute-force method (BFM) and the Ozone Source Apportionment Technology (OSAT) implemented in the Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions (CAMx) were used. The total soil NO emissions in China for 2018 were estimated to be 1157.9 Gg N, with an uncertainty range of 715.7–1902.6 Gg N. Spatially, soil NO emissions are mainly concentrated in Central China, North China, Northeast China, the northern Yangtze River Delta (YRD), and the eastern Sichuan Basin, with distinct diurnal and monthly variations that are mainly affected by the temperature and timing of fertilizer application. Both the BFM and OSAT results indicate a substantial contribution of soil NO emissions to the maximum daily 8 h (MDA8) ozone concentrations by 8.0–12.5 µg m−3 on average for June 2018, with the OSAT results being consistently higher than the BFM results. The results also showed that soil NO emissions led to a relative increase in ozone exceedance days by 10.5 %–43.5 % for selected regions. Reducing the soil NO emissions resulted in a general decrease in monthly MDA8 ozone concentrations, and the magnitude of ozone reduction became more pronounced as reductions increased. However, even with complete reductions in soil NO emissions, approximately 450.3 million people are still exposed to unhealthy ozone levels, necessitating multiple control policies at the same time. This study highlights the importance of soil NO emissions for ground-level ozone concentrations and the potential for reducing NO emissions as a future control strategy for ozone mitigation in China.
Thundercloud structures detected and analyzed based on coherent Doppler wind lidar
Authors: Wu Kenan , Wei Tianwen , Yuan Jinlong , Xia Haiyun , Huang Xin , Lu Gaopeng , Zhang Yunpeng , Liu Feifan , Zhu Baoyou , Ding Weidong
Published: December 2023

Abstract. The studies of intracloud discharges may shed light on the microphysical structure of thunderclouds, as both the magnitude and the sign of charge separation due to graupel collides with ice crystals within the strong updrafts are influenced by the surrounding environment. Here, a compact all-fiber coherent Doppler wind lidar (CDWL) working at the 1.5 µm wavelength is applied for probing the dynamics and microphysics structure of thunderstorms. Thanks to the precise spectrum measurement, multi-component spectra signals of thunderstorms can be analyzed by the CDWL. The spectrum width, skewness, and Doppler velocity of CDWL is used to separate and identify the particle composition and polarity. In the experiment, the thundercloud properties are detected by the CDWL, 10.6 cm Doppler weather radar (DWR), and Advanced Geosynchronous Radiation Imager (AGRI) onboard Fengyun-4 satellites. In particular, the spectrum width and skewness of the thundercloud below the 0 ∘C isotherm are increased, and when a cloud-ground lightning occurs, there is additional graupel with a velocity greater than 5 m s−1. It indicates that this region is a melting layer, and lightning activity changes the motion characteristics of graupel, affecting the charge structure of the whole thundercloud. In general, our findings provide details on the velocity, phase, and composition of particles in the outside updraft region of the thunderstorm. The identification and analysis of graupel is particularly important. It is proved that the precise spectrum of CDWL is a promising indicator for studying the charge structure of thunderstorms.
Modelling crop hail damage footprints with single-polarization radar: The roles of spatial resolution, hail intensity, and cropland density
Authors: Portmann Raphael , Schmid Timo , Villiger Leonie , Bresch David N. , Calanca Pierluigi
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Hail remains a major threat to agriculture in Switzerland and beyond and assessments of current and future hail risk are of paramount importance for decision-making in the insurance industry and the agricultural sector. However, relating observational information on hail with crop-specific damages is challenging. Here, we build and systematically assess a model to predict hail damage footprints for field crops (wheat, maize, barley, rapeseed) and grapevine from the operational radar product Maximum Expected Severe Hail Size (MESHS) at different spatial resolutions. To this end, we combine the radar information with detailed geospatial information on agricultural land use and geo-referenced damage data from a crop insurer for 12 recent hail events in Switzerland. We find that for field crops, model skill gradually increases when the spatial resolution is reduced from 1 km down to 8 km. For even lower resolutions, the skill is diminished again. On the contrary, for grapevine, a lower model resolution tends to reduce skill, which is attributed to the different spatial distribution of field crops and grapevine in the landscape. It is shown that identifying a suitable MESHS thresholds to model damage footprints always involves trade-offs. For the lowest possible MESHS threshold (20 mm) the model predicts damage about two times too often (high frequency bias and number of false alarms) but also has a high probability of detection (80 %). The frequency bias decreases for larger thresholds and reaches an optimal value close to 1 for MESHS thresholds of 30–40 mm. However, this comes at the cost of a substantially lower probability of detection (around 50 %) while overall model skill remains largely unchanged. We argue that, ultimately, the best threshold selection therefore depends on the user need and the costs of a false alarm or a missed event. Finally, the frequency of false alarms can be substantially reduced when only areas with high cropland density are considered. Results from this simple, open-source model show that modelling of hail damage footprints to crops from single-polarization radar in Switzerland is skillful and is best done at 8 km resolution for field crops and 1 km for grapevine. They further allow different users of such models to identify the suitable threshold for their application, taking into account associated trade-offs.
An emulation-based approach for interrogating reactive transport models
Authors: Fotherby Angus , Bradbury Harold J. , Druhan Jennifer L. , Turchyn Alexandra V.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. We present an emulation-based approach to understand the interactions among different chemical and biological processes modelled in environmental reactive transport models (RTMs) and explore how the parameterisation of these processes influences the results of multi-component RTMs. We utilise a previously published RTM consisting of 20 primary species, 20 secondary complexes, 17 mineral reactions, and 2 biologically mediated reactions; this RTM describes bio-stimulation using sediment from a contaminated aquifer. We choose a subset of the input parameters to vary over a range of values. The result is the construction of a new dataset that describes the model behaviour over a range of environmental conditions. Using this dataset to train a statistical model creates an emulator of the underlying RTM. This is a condensed representation of the original RTM that facilitates rapid exploration of a broad range of environmental conditions and sensitivities. As an illustration of this approach, we use the emulator to explore how varying the boundary conditions in the RTM describing the aquifer impacts the rates and volumes of mineral precipitation. A key result of this work is the recognition of an unanticipated dependency of pyrite precipitation on pCO2 in the injection fluid due to the stoichiometry of the microbially mediated sulfate reduction reaction. This complex relationship was made apparent by the emulator, while the underlying RTM was not specifically constructed to create such a feedback. We argue that this emulation approach to sensitivity analysis for RTMs may be useful in discovering such new coupled sensitives in geochemical systems and for designing experiments to optimise environmental remediation. Finally, we demonstrate that this approach can maximise specific mineral precipitation or dissolution reactions by using the emulator to find local maxima, which can be widely applied in environmental systems.
Climate Model Downscaling in Central Asia: A Dynamical and a Neural Network Approach
Authors: Fallah Bijan , Menz Christoph , Russo Emmanuele , Harder Paula , Hoffmann Peter , Didovets Iulii , Hattermann Fred F.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. To estimate future climate change impacts, usually high-resolution climate projections are necessary. Statistical and dynamical downscaling or a hybrid of both methods are mostly used to produce input datasets for impact modelers. In this study, we use the regional climate model (RCM) COSMO-CLM (CCLM) version 6.0 to identify the added value of dynamically downscaling a general circulation model (GCM) from the sixth phase of the Coupled Model Inter-comparison Project (CMIP6) and its climate change projections' signal over Central Asia (CA). We use the MPI-ESM1-2-HR (at 1° spatial resolution) to drive the CCLM (at 0.22° horizontal resolution) for the historical period of 1985–2014 and the projection period of 2019–2100 under three different shared socioeconomic pathways (SSPs):  SSP1-2.6, SSP3-7.0 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios. Using the Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS) gridded observation dataset, we evaluate the CCLM performance over the historical period using a simulation driven by ERAInterim reanalysis. CCLM's added value, compared to its driving GCM, is significant over CA mountainous areas, which are at higher risk of extreme precipitation events. Furthermore, we downscale the CCLM for future climate projections. We present high-resolution maps of heavy precipitation changes based on CCLM and compare them with CMIP6 GCMs ensemble. Our analysis shows a significant increase in heavy precipitation intensity and frequency over CA areas that are already at risk of extreme climatic events in the present day. Finally, applying our single model high-resolution dynamical downscaling, we train a convolutional neural network (CNN) to map the low-resolution GCM simulations to the dynamically downscaled CCLM ones. We show that applied CNN could emulate the GCM-CCLM model chain over large CA areas. However, this specific emulator has shortcomings when applied to a new GCM-CCLM model chain. Our downscaling data and the pre-trained CNN model could be used by scientific communities interested in downscaling CMIP6 models and searching for a trade-off between the dynamical and statistical methods.
Future changes in flash flood frequency and magnitude over the European Alps
Authors: Zander Marjanne J. , Viguurs Pety J. , Sperna Weiland Frederiek C. , Weerts Albrecht H.
Published: December 2023

Abstract. Flash Floods are damaging natural hazards which often occur in the European Alps. Precipitation patterns and intensity may change in a future climate affecting their occurrence and magnitude. For impact studies, flash floods can be difficult to simulate due the complex orography and limited extent duration of the heavy rainfall events which trigger them. The new generation convection-permitting regional climate models (CP-RCMs) improve the representation of the intensity and frequency of heavy precipitation. Within CP-RCMs deep convection is resolved rather than parameterized. Therefore, this study combines such simulations with high-resolution distributed hydrological modelling to assess changes in flash flood frequency over the Alpine domain. We use output from a state-of-the-art CP-RCM to drive a high-resolution distributed hydrological wflow_sbm model covering most of the Alpine mountain range on an hourly resolution. First, the hydrological model was validated by comparing ERA5 driven simulation with streamflow observations from 130 stations (across Rhone, Rhine, Po, Adige and Danube basins). Second, a hourly wflow_sbm simulation driven by a CP-RCM downscaled ERAInterim simulation was compared to databases of past flood events to evaluate if the model can accurately simulate flash floods and to determine a suitable threshold definition for flash flooding. Finally, simulations of the future climate RCP 8.5 for the end-of-century (2096–2105) and current climate (1998–2007) are compared for which the CP-RCM is driven by a Global Climate Model. The simulations are compared to assess if there are changes in flash flood frequency and magnitude using a threshold approach. Results show a similar flash flood frequency for autumn in the future, but a decrease in summer. However, the future climate simulations indicate an increase in the flash flood severity in both summer and autumn leading to more severe flash flood impacts.