bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving the Safety of Opioid Use for Acute Noncancer Pain in Hospitalized Adults: A Consensus Statement From the Society of Hospital Medicine
Authors: Herzig Shoshana J. , Mosher Hilary J. , Calcaterra Susan L. , Jena Anupam B. , Nuckols Teryl K.
Published: April 2018

Hospital‐based clinicians frequently treat acute, noncancer pain. Although opioids may be beneficial in this setting, the benefits must be balanced with the risks of adverse events, including inadvertent overdose and prolonged opioid use, physical dependence, or development of opioid use disorder. In an era of epidemic opioid use and related harms, the Society of Hospital Medicine (SHM) convened a working group to develop a consensus statement on opioid use for adults hospitalized with acute, noncancer pain, outside of the palliative, end‐of‐life, and intensive care settings. The guidance is intended for clinicians practicing medicine in the inpatient setting (eg, hospitalists, primary care physicians, family physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants). To develop the Consensus Statement, the working group conducted a systematic review of relevant guidelines, composed a draft Statement based on extracted recommendations, and obtained feedback from external experts in hospital‐based opioid prescribing, SHM members, the SHM Patient‐Family Advisory Council, other professional societies, and peer‐reviewers. The iterative development process resulted in a final Consensus Statement consisting of 16 recommendations covering 1) whether to use opioids in the hospital, 2) how to improve the safety of opioid use during hospitalization, and 3) how to improve the safety of opioid prescribing at hospital discharge. As most guideline recommendations from which the Consensus Statement was derived were based on expert opinion alone, the working group identified key issues for future research to support evidence‐based practice.
An Economic Analysis of Customer Co-design
Authors: Basu Amit , Bhaskaran Sreekumar
Published: April 2018

A key barrier to companies successfully engaging customers in the design of new products is customers fearing that they will be forced to pay much more for the custom products they help design. This fear is justified by the fact that once the customer has invested significant time and effort in co-designing a product, the firm can extract the entire consumer surplus through higher prices. At the same time, the firm allowing its customers to co-design products would be unlikely to commit to a price up front before knowing the complete design of the custom product, since it would then face a significant risk of losing money. In this paper, we develop analytical models for this problem, and show how a firm can motivate its customers to engage in co-design. We also show how offering co-design can impact the firm’s product (line) strategies and the quality of its products, including motivating the firm to increase the quality of its standard product, sometimes even beyond the efficient quality level. The effect of market and firm characteristics on the value of engaging customers in the co-design process is also examined. In addition, we analyze the effects of (a) information asymmetry about the firm’s co-design capability, and (b) competition, on the firm’s decisions regarding co-design. These results provide valuable insights for managers considering investment in technology to support customer co-design.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2017.0729 .
Scheduling Promotion Vehicles to Boost Profits
Authors: Baardman Lennart , Cohen Maxime C. , Panchamgam Kiran , Perakis Georgia , Segev Danny
Published: April 2018

In addition to setting price discounts, retailers need to decide how to schedule promotion vehicles, such as flyers and TV commercials. Unlike the promotion pricing problem that received great attention from both academics and practitioners, the promotion vehicle scheduling problem was largely overlooked, and our goal is to study this problem both theoretically and in practice. We model the problem of scheduling promotion vehicles to maximize profits as a nonlinear bipartite matching-type problem, where promotion vehicles should be assigned to time periods, subject to capacity constraints. Our modeling approach is motivated and calibrated using actual data in collaboration with Oracle Retail, leading us to introduce and study a class of models for which the boost effects of promotion vehicles on demand are multiplicative. From a technical perspective, we prove that the general setting considered is computationally intractable. Nevertheless, we develop approximation algorithms and propose a compact integer programming formulation. In particular, we show how to obtain a (1 − ε)-approximation using an integer program of polynomial size, and investigate the performance of a greedy procedure, both analytically and computationally. We also discuss an extension that includes cross-term effects to capture the cannibalization aspect of using several vehicles simultaneously. From a practical perspective, we test our methods on actual data through a case study, and quantify the impact of our models. Under our model assumptions and for a particular item considered in our case study, we show that a rigorous optimization approach to the promotion vehicle scheduling problem allows the retailer to increase its profit by 2% to 9%.

The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2926 .

This paper was accepted by Yinyu Ye, optimization.
Norm Uncertainty and Voluntary Payments in the Field
Authors: Feldhaus Christoph , Sobotta Tassilo , Werner Peter
Published: April 2018

We investigate behavioral reactions toward exogenous changes of implicit norm-relevant information in a natural field setting where customers are free to choose if and how much to pay for a service. Customers’ voluntary payments are significantly affected by subtle information cues: cues that signal a high rather than a low payment norm increase payments by some 27%. Consistent with the conjecture that this effect is in large part driven by customers’ uncertainty about the actual norm, responses are mitigated when explicit norm-relevant information is provided. Additional treatments suggest that the reactions to the cues are not driven by mere saliency but by the information deduced from the cues in the presence of uncertainty.

Data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017.2937 .

This paper was accepted by Uri Gneezy, behavioral economics.
EL DERECHO A LOS RECURSOS EN EL PROCESO PENAL: SOBRE LA CONFIGURACIÓN DE LA APELACIÓN EN UN MODELO ACUSATORIO. LA APELACIÓN EN EL CNPP MEXICANOS
Authors: Serrano Amaya Arnáiz
Published: April 2018

el artículo discute la configuración del recurso de apelación en el Código de Proceso Penal de México, verificando si tal modelado se adecua a las garantías constitucionales del proceso.
OS BENEFÍCIOS LEGAIS DA COLABORAÇÃO PREMIADA
Authors: Dalla Humberto , Wunder Paulo
Published: April 2018

O presente trabalho apresenta a evolução histórica e a natureza jurídica da colaboração premiada, tratando, a partir daí, de cada um dos seus benefícios expressamente previstos na lei das organizações criminosas, inclusive através de uma aferição comparativa entre as suas características e requisitos. O artigo ainda cuida da diferença entre o conteúdo a ser analisado pelo juiz na decisão de homologação do acordo, dependendo do tipo do benefício negociado.
Nurse-led follow up replaces consultant outpatient clinic
Authors: Williams Mark , Taylor Clare , Awad Ashraf , Hockings Michael , Ashworth Mark
Published: April 2018

Increasingly, hospitals are adopting a nurse-led follow-up service (NLFU), aimed at improving post operative community care following total hip/knee arthroplasty. This article hypothesises that it is feasible for NLFU services to replace traditional 6-week consultant-led hospital follow-up. The experience of implementing domiciliary 6-week NLFU, an approach previously unreported by any other UK centre is reported upon. This article presents the NLFU pathway protocol and a retrospective analysis of total hip arthroplasty (n=347) and total knee arthroplasty patients (n=356) the year after its introduction in September 2015. The pathway's utilisation, safety, and patient satisfaction from a postal survey are detailed. During the study period, the 6-week NLFU pathway utilisation rates were 30% for total hip arthroplasty (n=103) and 27% for total knee arthroplasty (n=96). NLFU was deemed safe, with a 10% re-referral to consultant clinic rate and no reported adverse outcomes related to process. Patients reported high levels of satisfaction. This article demonstrates that domiciliary NLFU at 6 weeks provides a feasible follow-up mechanism for primary hip and knee total joint arthroplasty, with high patient satisfaction levels. This offers clear benefits to healthcare Trusts in reducing follow-up appointments, in turn releasing capacity for new referrals and freeing staff for other duties.
Reducing alcohol related-harm in students through education
Authors: Conibear Helena
Published: April 2018

Children commonly have their first drink at around at the age of 13, and while attitudes to drinking among young people are changing, it is still a major health concern. Helena Conibear looks at effective alcohol education and the support the Alcohol Education Trust can offer.
Mobile phone use in children and young people: A public health concern?
Authors: Thornton Stephanie
Published: April 2018

This series provides an overview of a selection of relevant public health research and comments on the findings and methods. This month, Stephanie Thornton looks at four articles focusing on the potential impact of mobile phone use.
Nutraceuticals for enhancing skin appearance: is there any evidence?
Authors: Lockyer Stacey , Spiro Ayela
Published: April 2018

Several studies have examined the efficacy of nutrients in enhancing skin health, function and appearance, yet the strength of evidence to support benefit of use is questionable. Stacey Lockyer and Ayela Spiro share the findings of the British Nutrition Foundation's recent review of commonly used ingredients, such as collagen and carotenoids, in skin nutraceuticals
Recruiting the right people for the right roles by identifying strengths and weaknesses
Authors: Iffla Joshua
Published: April 2018

To assemble the best team for your aesthetic practice, it is important to look beyond the tasks and traits listed on your job descriptions, and divert your attention to how duties can be reassigned to ensure staff performance is high and the practice continues to grow. Joshua Iffla shares his pearls of wisdom on the successful recruitment of front-of-house and clinical personnel in the aesthetics sector
Accepting payments by means other than cash is a business necessity
Authors: Bernstein Adam
Published: April 2018

Cash has been around for eons. It is tangible, offers a feeling of wellbeing and is readily realisable. But cash presents a risk to any business that handles it and, of course, it is expensive to process. Furthermore, not all clients will carry enough cash to cover the cost of treatment and few will want to set up bank transfers. Adam Bernstein explains why taking payment by card is the simplest solution
Evaluation of Congo Red Staining in Degenerating Porcine Photoreceptors In Vitro: Protective Effects by Structural and Trophic Support
Authors: Mohlin Camilla , Delbro Dick , Kvanta Anders , Johansson Kjell
Published: April 2018

Congo red (CR) is a histological stain used for the detection of extracellular amyloids mediating various neurodegenerative diseases. Given that damaged photoreceptors appear to degenerate similarly to other nerve cells, CR staining was evaluated in experimentally injured porcine retina. CR staining appeared mostly as discrete cytosolic deposits with no obvious plaque formation during the investigated time period. Increases of CR labeling coincided temporally with the known accumulation of mislocalized opsins and increases of cell death. Coculture, either with human retinal pigment epithelium (ARPE) or human neural progenitor (ReN) cells, was accompanied by a significant reduction of CR labeling. Of particular interest was the reduction of CR labeling in cone photoreceptors, which are important for the perception of color and fine details and afflicted in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Electron microscopy revealed inclusions in the inner segment, cell body, and occasionally synaptic terminals of photoreceptor cells in cultured specimens. Closer examinations indicated the presence of different types of inclusions resembling protein aggregates as well as inclusion bodies. The current results indicate that injury-related response resulted in accumulation of CR deposits in photoreceptor cells, and that trophic and/or structural support attenuated this response.
Mengenentsäuerung – Verfahrensvalidierung, Evaluierung und Qualitätssicherung. Neue Einsichten und bleibende Fragen
Authors: Allscher Thorsten , Ceynowa Irmhild
Published: April 2018

Der Beitrag erläutert die chemischen und papiertechnologischen Zusammenhänge, die bei der Bewertung von Methoden und Verfahren zur Mengenentsäuerung zu berücksichtigen sind. Danach werden unter Bezugnahme auf die aktuelle Normung die Herausforderungen der Qualitätssicherung von Papierentsäuerung dargestellt. Es wird gezeigt, dass nach 25 Jahren Massenentsäuerung in Deutschland zwar deutliche Fortschritte in der Bewertung der Qualitätskriterien erreicht werden konnten, jedoch ebenso noch weiterer signifikanter Forschungsbedarf besteht.
In Kontext setzen: Bericht zur Basiserschließung und Restaurierung von Handschriften- und Druckfragmenten an der Niedersächsischen Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen
Authors: Tömösvári Emese , Ripplinger Cornelia
Published: April 2018

Im Rahmen eines vom Niedersächsischen Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kultur (MWK) geförderten Restaurierungsprojekts werden an der Niedersächsischen Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen in der Zeit von September 2017 bis einschließlich Februar 2018 für zwei Teilsammlungen aus dem Fragmentebestand der Abteilung Spezialsammlungen und Bestandserhaltung Dokumentations- und Restaurierungsmaßnahmen durchgeführt.

https://www.sub.uni-goettingen.de/projekte-forschung/projektdetails/projekt/restaurierung-von-5300-mittelalterlichen-und-fruehneuzeitlichen-handschriftenfragmenten/ [Zugriff: 12.02.2018].

Durch die Restaurierung wird die langfristige Aufbewahrung sichergestellt und sowohl die spätere Digitalisierung als auch die analoge Nutzung ermöglicht. Gleichzeitig können wertvolle Informationen zur Sammlungsgeschichte gewonnen werden, von denen weitere laufende Erschließungsprojekte der SUB Göttingen profitieren können.
Free Vibration Of Functionally Graded Carbon Nanotube Reinforced Composite Annular Sector Plate With General Boundary Supports
Authors: Pang Fuzhen , Li Haichao , Du Yuan , Shan Yanhe , Ji Fang
Published: April 2018

In this paper, an efficient and unified approach for free vibration analysis of the moderately thick functionally graded carbon nanotube reinforced composite annular sector plate with general boundary supports is presented by using the Ritz method and the first-order shear deformation theory. For the distribution of the carbon nanotubes in thickness direction, it may be uniform or functionally graded. Properties of the composite media are based on a refined rule of the mixture approach which contains the efficiency parameters. A modified Fourier series is chosen as the basic function of the admissible function to eliminate all the relevant discontinuities of the displacements and their derivatives at the edges. To establish the general boundary supports of the annular sector plate, the artificial spring boundary technique is implemented at all edges. The desired solutions are obtained through the Ritz-variational energy method. Some numerical examples are considered to check the accuracy, convergence and reliability of the present method. In addition, the parameter studies of the functionally graded carbon nanotube reinforced composite annular sector plate are carried out as well.
Covers, soap films and BV functions
Authors: Bellettini Giovanni , Paolini Maurizio , Pasquarelli Franco , Scianna Giuseppe
Published: April 2018

In this paper we review the double covers method with constrained BV functions for solving the classical Plateau’s problem. Next, we carefully analyze some interesting examples of soap films compatible with covers of degree larger than two: in particular, the case of a soap film only partially wetting a space curve, a soap film spanning a cubical frame but having a large tunnel, a soap film that retracts to its boundary, and various soap films spanning an octahedral frame.
兩岸語詞邏輯思維差異之比較研究
Authors: 國屏 盧
Published: April 2018

海峽兩岸因為地理分隔、生活習慣差異、社會制度差異等各項因素，導致語詞也產生了諸多差異用法，或者同實異詞，如：「留職停薪」與「保職停薪」、或者異實同詞，如：「可愛」在大陸會帶有幼稚的意思；在台灣，可愛是非常普遍，跨年齡、跨性別的正面稱讚。語詞差異對於相同母語但地理分隔的地區而言，其實是一種普通也正常的現象，英語地區如此，前述的兩岸差異產生不同語詞，自然也是。

不過這些地理與社會差異，直接導致的應該是不同地區的人對於事物判斷的邏輯思維差異，然後才造成了語詞創建及應用之差異。例如醫療上的「靜脈注射」，大陸叫「輸液」，其命名邏輯思維是著眼於藥液透過較長管線「輸送」至人體的特性；台灣叫「點滴」，則是著眼於藥液進入管線時之「藥量可控制性」。明顯的兩岸對於這種注射方式感興趣的特徵處、特殊性之邏輯觀點不同。又如電腦使用的「鼠標」，台灣叫「滑鼠」，「鼠」當然來自英語的「mouse」，「標」之邏輯觀點著眼於「可標準定位性」、「滑」則看見了鼠標可以在屏幕上的「任意移動性」。再如「打橫炮」，台灣叫「攪局」，明顯的已是語詞在最初取材時的觀點與邏輯不同，一取自鞭炮、一取自棋局，語詞自然也就呈現完全差異。

兩岸語詞差異的材料收集與類型研究已經很多，本文則特別著重在兩岸各種差異所導致的社會邏輯與觀點差異之溯源比較，因為語詞差異固然可以因為交流而互相了解並進行溝通，但是長期分治之後導致人們的邏輯觀點差異，甚或價值觀的不同，才可能是交流的真正障礙所在。掌握這些差異之所自來，了解互相邏輯觀點之不同，促進融合過程之順暢，便是本文研究之目的。
语义韵倾向词在新马泰华语媒体语料库中的使用考察
Authors: 雅丽 侯 , 晓梅 刘
Published: April 2018

语义韵是指词语与其所搭配的语言项目之间的语义选择现象。本文借助语料库，提取出《现代汉语词典》中的 673 个语义韵倾向词语。将其放入新加坡、马来西亚、泰国的华语媒体语料库里逐一考察，发现 96.6% 的词语仍然保持着相同的语义韵倾向。这表明，新马泰华语的词汇样态与普通话非常接近，普通话词汇对海外华语词汇的影响是非常深刻的。
Spaces BMOp(·)(𝔻) of a variable exponent p(z)
Authors: Karapetyants Alexey , Samko Stefan
Published: April 2018

We introduce and describe the spaces BMOp(·)(𝔻), 1 ≤ p(z) < ∞, of functions of bounded mean oscillation over the unit disc in the complex plane in the hyperbolic Bergman metric with respect to the Lebesgue measure and the variable exponent p = p(z).
Effects of a layered structure on the physicomechanical properties and extended creep behavior of bamboo-polypropylene composites (BPCs) determined by the stepped isostress method
Authors: Hsu Chin-Yin , Yang Teng-Chun , Wu Tung-Lin , Hung Ke-Chang , Wu Jyh-Horng
Published: April 2018

A layered bamboo-plastic composite (BPC) consisting of bamboo (Phyllostachys makinoi) particles and polypropylene was investigated. The influence of the layering conditions, including the thickness and bamboo content in various layers, was the focus in terms of the physicomechanical and creep properties of the BPCs. The results showed that a three-layered BPC (BPC3L) with a 1:3:1 thickness ratio and with top/bottom layer containing 40% bamboo exhibited the best specific flexural properties. An accelerated creep test approach was applied, known as the short-term stepped isostress method (SSM), to predict the long-term creep behavior of BPC3L. The results indicated that the creep master curves, which are constructed from different SSM testing parameters, agree well with the long-term experimental creep data and that the creep resistance of homogeneous single-layered BPC was better than that of BPC3L.
Persona management and identity projection in English Medieval society: Evidence from John Paston II
Authors: Hernández-Campoy Juan M. , García-Vidal Tamara
Published: April 2018

Historical sociolinguistics has favoured the interest in tracing heterogeneity and vernacularity in the history of language, reconstructing the sociolinguistic contexts and directions of language change as well as socially based variation patterns in remote speech communities. But this treatment of language variation and change macroscopically, longitudinally, unidimensionally and focused on the speech community as a macro-cosmos can be revealingly complemented with other views microscopically, cross-sectionally, multidimensionally and privileging individuals and their community of practice as a micro-cosmos. This conveys a shift from the study of collectivity and inter-speaker variation to that of individuality, intra-speaker variation and authenticity. The aim of this paper is to show results of the microscopic investigation of intra-speaker variation and the use of stylistic choices as linguistic resources for persona management within the micro-cosmos of late Medieval England, through the application of current multidimensional socio-constructionist models to historical corpora of written correspondence. The study is carried out through the analysis of the behaviour of the orthographic variable (TH) in the letters written by members of the Paston family. In addition to tracing language change, the data obtained from private letters provide us with the possibility of reconstructing the sociolinguistic values in medieval times. Ultimately, this study’s contribution is to account for the social meaning of inter- and intra-speaker variation in the sociolinguistic behaviour of speakers at the individual level as a linguistic resource for identity construction, representation, and even social positioning in interpersonal communication.
Association of plasma ghrelin levels with diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Rahimi Somayeh , Kazerouni Faranak , Hedayati Mehdi , Rahimi Mehr Ali , Rahimipour Ali , Zarif Yeganeh Marjan , Shanaki Mehrnoosh
Published: April 2018

Background:

Ghrelin is a 28-amino acid peptide hormone which is produced in various tissues such as the kidney. It is proposed that this hormone exerts a broad spectrum of biological functions throughout the body. Ghrelin carries out endocrine and/or paracrine functions in the kidney, which seems to be one of the target tissues of this hormone. Results regarding circulating ghrelin levels in chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetic nephropathy (DN) patients are conflicting. We aimed to investigate the plasma ghrelin levels in type 2 diabetic patients with and without nephropathy.

Methods:

A total of 45 patients with DN and 45 patients with diabetes without diabetic nephropathy (NDN) were recruited for this study. Plasma ghrelin levels were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The association of plasma ghrelin with concentrations of fasting glucose (FBS), creatinine (Cr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), triglycerides (TG) and anthropometric parameters was analyzed.

Results:

Plasma ghrelin concentration in the DN group was 1.16 (1.01–1.38) ng/mL and in the NDN group was 1.16 (0.92–1.41) ng/mL, so there were no significant differences between the two groups (p=0.467). In the NDN group, ghrelin showed an inverse correlation with TG (r=−0.467, p=0.001) and a direct correlation with HDL (r=0.562, p=0.000) but in the DN group these correlations were not found.

Conclusions:

Our findings implicated no relationship between the plasma ghrelin level and renal dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients. Therefore, plasma ghrelin level may not be a probable indicator of kidney insufficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Furthermore, we also found a positive correlation between ghrelin and HDL and an inverse correlation with TG levels.
Emergence of exosomal DNA in molecular neuropathology
Authors: Kraus Theo F.J.
Published: April 2018

Background:

Exosomes are small vesicles of sizes between 40 and 100 nm. They are actively segregated by numerous different cell types and they can be found in almost all body fluids. Thus, there is an emerging role of exosomes and exosomal deoxyribonucleic acid (exoDNA) in biomedical research, especially in molecular medicine. Exosomes are assembled and segregated actively and carry distinct surface markers for cellular communication. They are loaded with cargo such as DNA, ribonucleic acid (RNA) and proteins. As there are numerous different exosomal purification methods available, it is of essential need to select an appropriate technique to get reliable results. As neuropathology is faced with the challenge that brain tissue is not accessible in an easy fashion, exosomes represent an ideal tool for molecular neuropathology. Thus, disease-specific molecular alterations will be detectable in a minimally invasive way for early disease diagnosis and surveillance.

The analysis of exoDNA as biomarkers in neuropathology will enable early diagnosis, monitoring and relapse detection of brain tumors and neuropsychiatric disorders.

Outlook:

It is assumed that the significance of exosomes will increase in the upcoming years. There are powerful approaches in development using exosomes in molecularly targeted therapy to ultimately cure devastating brain diseases.
The probability of external causation: An empirical account of crosslinguistic variation in lexical causatives
Authors: Samardžić Tanja , Merlo Paola
Published: April 2018

This corpus-driven computational study addresses the question of why some verbs in some languages participate in the causative alternation while their counterparts in other languages do not. The results of this study suggest that the lexical property that underlies this variation is the probability of external causation. Alternating verbs are distributed on a scale of increasing probability for an external causer to occur. The probability of external causation can be empirically assessed in two ways, among others: first, by observing the typological distribution of causative and anticausative morphological markings across a wide range of languages; second, through the frequency distribution of causative and anticausative uses of the alternating verbs in a corpus of a single language. Our study reveals that these two measures are correlated. Moreover, we demonstrate that the corpus-based measure is applicable to a wide range of verbs. Extending the corpus-based investigation comparatively across two languages, English and German, we find that the frequencies of crosslinguistic realizations of lexical causatives are modulated by the probability of external causation, an underlying parameter assigned to verb types. Finally, we propose a probabilistic graphical model that clusters verbs based on the relation between the crosslinguistic distribution of their causative and anticausative realizations and the probability of external causation.
Compactifications of partial frames via strongly regular ideals
Authors: Frith John , Schauerte Anneliese
Published: April 2018

Partial frames provide a fertile context in which to do pointfree structured and unstructured topology, using a small collection of axioms of an elementary nature. Amongst other things they can be used to investigate similarities and differences between frames, σ-frames and κ-frames.

In this paper, the theory of strong inclusions for partial frames is used to describe compactifications of completely regular partial frames; the elements of these compactifications are given explicitly as strongly regular ideals. This is independent of and encompasses the theory of compactifications for frames. As an application, we revisit the Samuel compactification of a uniform partial frame.
Invariance of nonatomic measures on effect algebras
Authors: Singh Akhilesh Kumar
Published: April 2018

The present paper deals with invariance of nonatomic measures defined on effect algebras. Firstly, it is proved that if μ is a nonatomic and continuous probability measure defined on a σ-complete effect algebra L, then it satisfies para-Darboux property. Then, the invariance between continuous probability measures m and μ defined on a σ-complete effect algebra L is established when μ is nonatomic satisfying para-Darboux property on L.
Derivatives of Hadamard type in vector optimization
Authors: Pastor Karel
Published: April 2018

In our paper we will continue the comparison which was started by Vsevolod I. Ivanov [Nonlinear Analysis 125 (2015), 270–289], where he compared scalar optimality conditions stated in terms of Hadamard derivatives for arbitrary functions and those which was stated for ℓ-stable functions in terms of Dini derivatives. We will study the vector optimization problem and we show that also in this case the optimality condition stated in terms of Hadamard derivatives is more advantageous.
Wonderful Things? A Consideration of 3D Modelling of Objects in Material Culture Research
Authors: Molloy Barry , Milić Marina
Published: April 2018

The role of 3D modelling in archaeology is increasing exponentially, from fieldwork to architecture to material culture studies. For the study of archaeological objects the roles of digital and print models for public engagement has been much considered in recent literature. For model makers, focus has typically been placed on exceptional and visually striking objects with inherent appeal. In contrast, this paper explores some of the potential roles for 3D digital models for routine artefact research and publication. Particular emphasis is placed on the challenges this technology raises for archaeological theory and practice. Following a consideration of how 3D models relate to established illustration and photographic traditions, the paper evaluates some of the unique features of 3D models, focussing on both positive and negative aspects of these. This is followed by a discussion of the role of potential research connections between digital and craft models in experimental research. Our overall objective is to emphasise a need to engage with the ways in which this gradual development has begun to change aspects of longestablished workflows. In turn, the increasing use of this technology is argued to have wider ramifications for the development of archaeology, and material culture studies in particular, as a discipline that requires reflection.
An ideal enzyme immobilization carrier: a hierarchically porous cellulose monolith fabricated by phase separation method
Authors: Xin Yuanrong , Wang Guowei , Han Wenjuan , Shen Yehua , Uyama Hiroshi
Published: April 2018

Cellulose monolith with a hierarchically porous morphology was utilized as a novel solid support for enzyme immobilization. After a series of modifications, succinimidyl carbonate (SC)-activated cellulose monolith (SCCL monolith) was obtained and it was employed to immobilize a model enzyme (horseradish peroxidase, HRP) through covalent bonding. The HRP immobilization capacity on SCCL monolith was calculated as 21.0 mg/g. The thermal stability measurement illustrated that the immobilized HRP exhibited a largely improved thermal resistance compared to its free counterpart. The reusability of the immobilized HRP was investigated, and it could be reused at least 10 cycles without significant activity loss. Therefore, cellulose monolith is found to be an ideal solid support for enzyme immobilization.
A modified Fermi-Walker derivative for inextensible flows of binormal spherical image
Authors: Suroğlu Gülden Altay
Published: April 2018

Fermi-Walker derivative and biharmonic particle play an important role in skillful applications. We obtain a new characterization on binormal spherical indicatrix by using the Fermi-Walker derivative and parallelism in space. We suggest that an inextensible flow is the necessary and sufficient condition for this particle. Finally, we give some characterizations for a non-rotating frame of this binormal spherical indicatrix.
Design optimization of an axial-field eddy-current magnetic coupling based on magneto-thermal analytical model
Authors: Fontchastagner Julien , Lubin Thierry , Mezani Smaïl , Takorabet Noureddine
Published: April 2018

This paper presents a design optimization of an axial-flux eddy-current magnetic coupling. The design procedure is based on a torque formula derived from a 3D analytical model and a population algorithm method. The main objective of this paper is to determine the best design in terms of magnets volume in order to transmit a torque between two movers, while ensuring a low slip speed and a good efficiency. The torque formula is very accurate and computationally efficient, and is valid for any slip speed values. Nevertheless, in order to solve more realistic problems, and then, take into account the thermal effects on the torque value, a thermal model based on convection heat transfer coefficients is also established and used in the design optimization procedure. Results show the effectiveness of the proposed methodology.
Use of the mathematical model of the ignition system to analyze the spark discharge, including the destruction of spark plug electrodes
Authors: Różowicz Sebastian
Published: April 2018

The paper presents the results of analytical and experimental studies concerning the influence of different kinds of fuel additives on the quality of the spark discharge for different configurations of the ignition system. The wear of the spark plug electrode and the value of spark discharge were determined for various impurities and configurations of the air-fuel mixture.
Investigations on the complete removal of iron(III) interference on the uranium(VI) extraction from sulfate leach liquor using Alamine 336 in kerosene
Authors: Khanramaki Fereshte , Safdari Jaber , Shirani Amir S. , Torkaman Rezvan
Published: April 2018

Uranyl sulfate obtained by uranium ore leaching of an industrial sample deposit of Gachin site was used for uranium separation by the solvent extraction technique. The presence of other elements in the sulfate leach liquors has a negative impact on the uranium extraction process using Alamine 336; therefore, the operating costs are increased. In this study, the separation of uranium(VI) and iron(III) by Alamine 336 and kerosene have been examined as an extractant and a diluent, respectively. For this purpose, the effects of operating parameters on the extraction process such as Alamine 336 concentration, modifier concentration, contact time, initial aqueous pH, sulfate ion concentration, temperature, and stripping agents were investigated. Also, the complete removal of iron(III) interference from the sulfate leach liquor before the extraction step has been studied with reducing agents. The equilibrium constants and stoichiometric coefficients for uranium and iron extraction with Alamine 336 in the sulfate leach liquors were calculated. Likewise, the values of the thermodynamic parameters such as Gibbs energy, enthalpy and entropy were determined to prove the exothermic and spontaneous reactions. The mentioned procedure is proposed for the uranium separation from the impurities in the sulfate ores using tertiary amine for production of purified uranium.
The evaluation of selected physiotherapeutic methods in the treatment of post-mastectomy lymphoedema
Authors: Sapuła Rafał , Braniewska Joanna , Weremczuk Ryszard , Wolanin Marta , Sapuła Joanna
Published: April 2018

Introduction: Breast cancer constitutes 10.9% of all new cases of tumours registered in the Polish National Cancer Registry. Post-mastectomy lymphoedema of the upper limb is the most common post-operative complication. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of selected physiotherapeutic methods in the treatment of post-mastectomy lymphoedema.

Material and methods: The study included 90 post-mastectomy patients in Stalowa Wola, Zamość and Tyczyn in the period from January 2014 to July 2016. The patients participated in two-week outpatient physiotherapy. In order to assess the effectiveness of lymphoedema treatment, circumferences of upper extremities were measured before and after physiotherapy. The results were then statistically analysed.

Results: The majority of the subjects had undergone mastectomy within a period shorter than 5 years before. It was noted that the post-mastectomy upper limb had a significantly smaller circumference after physiotherapy than before physiotherapy (p<0.001). The study revealed no differences in the measurements of arm circumference with regard to the time since the mastectomy was performed. According to the patients, manual lymphatic drainage was the most effective type of physiotherapy treatment (p=0.04). Statistical analysis revealed significantly smaller arm circumferences after physiotherapy than before physiotherapy in patients treated 2-3 times (p=0.001) compared to patients who underwent either fewer or more treatments at the same time.

Conclusions: 1. Two-week physiotherapy treatment proved to be the most effective in reducing lymphoedema in the arm area. 2. The period since the performance of the mastectomy had no impact on the effectiveness of lymphoedema treatment. 3. According to the post-mastectomy patients, manual lymphatic drainage was the most effective type of lymphoedema treatment. 4. Applying 2-3 physiotherapeutic procedures at the same time showed the best results.
Embedding and Extension Properties of Hadamard Matrices Revisited
Authors: Christou Dimitrios , Mitrouli Marilena , Seberry Jennifer
Published: April 2018

Hadamard matrices have many applications in several mathematical areas due to their special form and the numerous properties that characterize them. Based on a recently developed relation between minors of Hadamard matrices and using tools from calculus and elementary number theory, this work highlights a direct way to investigate the conditions under which an Hadamard matrix of order n − k can or cannot be embedded in an Hadamard matrix of order n. The results obtained also provide answers to the problem of determining the values of the spectrum of the determinant function for specific orders of minors of Hadamard matrices by introducing an analytic formula.
Die Geschichte des modernen Yoga: Motive der Konstruktion einer Tradition
Authors: Dworschak Thomas
Published: April 2018

Ausgehend von einer Darstellung vormoderner indischer yoga-Theorien und –Praktiken (Patañjalis Yogasūtra und haṭhayoga-Quellen) zeige ich, in welchem Ausmaß moderne, auf Körperübungen zentrierte Yoga-Richtungen die Tradition, in der sie zu stehen behaupten, konstruiert und neu interpretiert haben, und zwar vorwiegend als Gesundheitspraxis. Ich stelle die Fragen, wie diese Interpretation damit zusammenhängt, dass das moderne Yoga Wert darauf legt, sich als Fortsetzung einer Tradition zu begreifen, welche Funktionen dem Traditionsbezug in gegenwärtigen Diskursen innerhalb des Yoga zukommt und aus welchen Gründen dieser Bezug an Bedeutung zu verlieren scheint.
Numerical Simulation on the Effect of Cooling Hole Configuration on the Film Cooling Effectiveness in TBC Coated Turbine Vanes
Authors: Parthiban K. , Duraiselvam Muthukannan , Jain Shashank Kumar , Riaz Saad , Aditya S. V.
Published: April 2018

Numerical simulation was performed to investigate adiabatic film cooling effectiveness of cooling holes over thermal barrier coated superalloy substrate. Divergent, convergent-divergent and curved configuration of cooling holes were compared with the inclined cylindrical hole configuration. The coolant flow was strongly attached with the surface for 35º inclination. The film cooling effectiveness at different blowing ratios of 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 was analysed. The study was carried out using realizable k-ϵ (RKE) model. The curved hole configuration provided enhanced cooling effectiveness even at 0.8 blowing ratio in comparison with other cases. The presence of curvature reduced the coolant velocity thereby preventing the detachment of jet from the surface and forming a very strong longitudinal film. The coolant jet starts detaching from the surface for blowing ratio higher than 1.2; the high momentum of the film cooling jet causes a lift off the surface. At 1.2 blowing ratio, a greater spread of coolant flow along the test surface was observed. Better film cooling effectiveness was evident at 0.8 and 1.2 blowing ratios. At 0.8, the enhancement in the overall film cooling effectiveness of divergent, convergent-divergent and curved hole configuration was about 14 %, 50 % and 59 %, respectively.
Sulfur(lone-pair)…π interactions with FAD in flavoenzymes
Authors: Silva Rui F.N. , Sacco Antônio César S. , Caracelli Ignez , Zukerman-Schpector Julio , Tiekink Edward R.T.
Published: April 2018

The interactions of π-systems with lone-pairs of electrons are known and have been described in biological systems, involving lone-pairs derived from metals, metalloids, sulfur, oxygen and nitrogen. This study describes a bibliographic survey of the disulfide-bound sulfur(lone-pair) interactions with π-systems residing in the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) cofactor of oxidoreductase enzymes (flavoenzymes). Thus, of the 172 oxidoreductase enzymes evaluated for gamma-S(lone-pair)…π(FAD) interactions, 96 proteins (56%) exhibited these interactions corresponding; 61% of 350 the constituent monomers featured at least one gamma-S(lone-pair)…π(FAD) interaction. Two main points of association between the S(lone-pair) and the isoalloxazine moiety of FAD were identified, namely at the centroid of the bond linking the uracil and pyrazine rings (60%), and the centroid of the uracil ring (37%). Reflecting the nature of the secondary structure in three prominent classes of oxidoreductase enzymes: glutathione disulfide reductases (GR; 21 proteins), trypanothione disulfide reductases (TR, 14) and sulfhydryl oxidases (SOX, 22), the approach of the gamma-S(lone-pair) to the FAD residue was to the si-face of the isoalloxazine ring system, i.e. to the opposite side as the carbonyl residue, for all GR and TR examples, and to the re-face for all SOX examples. Finally, the attractive nature of the gamma-S(lone-pair)…π(FAD) interactions was confirmed qualitatively by an examination of the non-covalent interaction plots.
A FORMAÇÃO DE PAISAGEM DO MUNICÍPIO DE SÃO MIGUEL DO OESTE –EXTREMO OESTE CATARINENSE, REGIÃO SUL DO BRASIL / THE LANDSCAPE FORMATION OF SÃO MIGUEL DO OESTE COUNTY – WESTERNMOST REGION OF SANTA CATARINA STATE, SOUTH REGION OF BRAZIL
Authors: Bocalon Vitor Luiz
Published: April 2018

O extremo oeste catarinense foi colonizado por duas etnias europeias distintas, a alemã, estabelecendo-se às margens do rio Uruguai, e a italiana, ocupando as áreas altas, no divisor de águas das bacias do rio Uruguai a sul e do rio Iguaçu, a norte, e recoberta por densa floresta, inserida nos grupos vegetacionais tipo Floresta Estacional Decidual (ou mata caducifólia) e Floresta Ombrófila Mista (mata com araucária). Neste artigo é discutido, através de uma abordagem histórica e baseado no conceito de paisagem, o processo relacionado à ocupação territorial do município de São Miguel do Oeste por descendentes de origem predominantemente italiana e como se processou, ao longo do tempo, a formação da paisagem atual do município. Dois grandes ciclos econômicos são discutidos: o primeiro relacionado à extração da madeira, associado aos primórdios da ocupação territorial, durante as décadas de 40 a 70 do século passado. O segundo ciclo, pertinente à criação intensiva de suínos, iniciado durante a década de 80 e durando até os dias atuais. Em ambos os ciclos, é possível perceber a geração de paisagem fortemente impactada devido não somente à tais atividades econômicas, mas também ao fato de, atualmente, a herança cultural não estar inserida no modelamento paisagístico do extremo oeste catarinense.Abstract:The westernmost region of Santa Catarina state was settled by two different european ethnic groups with the german group establishing at the margin of the Uruguai river and the italian group settled at the highlands between the Uruguai basin at the South and the Iguaçu basin at the north and that was covered by dense rainforest included in the vegetative Seasonal Deciduous Forest (deciduous forest) and Ombrophilous Forest (araucaria forest). This paper discusses the processes related to the territorial occupation at São Miguel do Oeste county by descendants of predominantly italian origin and how the formation of the current conty landscape was formed through time by a historical approach and based on landscape concepts. Two main economic cycles are discussed: the first one related to the extraction of the wood associated to the beginnings of the territorial occupation during the 40´s to 70´s of the last century. The second cycle is related to an intensive swine breeding initiated during the 1980s and lasting until nowadays. In both cycles it is possible to perceive the generation of highly impacted landscape due such economic activities and to the fact that currently the cultural heritage is completelly excluded in the landscape modeling at the westernmost region of Santa Catarina state.Keywords: Landscape; Environment; Territorial Occupation.
QUANTO CUSTA O CAMARÃO LIMPO?: marcas e dificuldades das mulheres que limpam camarão na Colônia Z3 (Pelotas/RS)
Authors: Hellebrandt Luceni , Rial Carmen
Published: April 2018

Este texto relata o processamento do camarão-rosa da Lagoa dos Patos a partir de conversas com mulheres da Colônia Z3 (Pelotas/RS). O texto destaca as implicações desta atividade que é executada sobretudo por mulheres, enquanto conciliam os afazeres do ambiente doméstico e lidam com os problemas de saúde decorrentes do processo de descascar camarão. Processos que seguem técnicas aprendidas na convivência e no pertencimento à comunidade pesqueira. Além dos processos e do saber-fazer do beneficiamento do camarão, o texto destaca condições de trabalho e ilegalidade das salgas, que dificultam o reconhecimento das mulheres da Colônia Z3 enquanto trabalhadoras na pesca. Como resultado, o texto traz a reflexão sobre uma atividade que, embora necessária ao consumo do camarão enquanto produto, é a menos valorizada em sua cadeia produtiva, tanto em termos de reconhecimento profissional, quanto financeiro.
Analysis of the microphonic potential of the bullfrog's sacculus
Authors: Corey DP , Hudspeth AJ
Published: April 2018

The sensory epithelium from the bullfrog's sacculus was mounted between two chambers and stimulated by moving the otolithic membrane with a piezoelectric stimulator. The evoked response was measured as the transepithelial “microphonic” potential or, when the epithelium was voltage clamped, as the microphonic current. Microphonic responses were similar to those recorded in other preparations: the whole organ produced a “2f” response (i.e., a response of a frequency twice that of the stimulus) which could be changed to a single-polarity response by stimulating cells of a single polarity; the response saturated asymmetrically with displacement, producing a rectification; and the amplitude declined at high and low frequencies. To determine the cellular elements responsible for generation of the microphonic potential, the equivalent circuit of the epithelium was estimated from morphological and electrophysiological data, and responses to step displacement stimuli were recorded. Four elements in particular shape the microphonic potential: the complex impedance of the extracellular current path, the saturating displacement-conductance curve, an adaptation mechanism which shifts that curve, and a voltage-dependent K+ conductance in the basolateral hair cell membrane. A quantitative model incorporating these elements accurately reproduces the observed responses.