bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Braunschweig und die Reformation – regionalgeschichtliche Aspekte
Authors: Biegel Gerd
Published: June 2021

This essay looks at the early Reformation movement in a small Guelphic principality from a regional historical perspective, with a view to the independent development in the city of Braunschweig. The cities were the actual locations where the spiritiual-clerical impulses which originated from Wittenberg and Luther were taken up most quickly. This „city reformation“ is characterized as a „citizen’s republicanism“ in the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity. Deciding factors in the transmission and dissemination of reformatory ideas were the increasing aphabetization in the cities, printing with its rapid spread of information as well as the concentration of educational institutions. Teachers, professors, predicants and the developing early humanistic educational bourgeoisie (patricians, trades and crafts people) were among the first municipal supporters of Luther’s doctrine. The result was an „embourgeoisement“ oft he church, or more precisely: the Reformation brought with it the communalization of church matters. Even more foundational was the change of municipal communal affairs through the Reformation. Aspects of commerce, law, and life in the „city“ community were expanded through a faith and religious community. Municipal church orders such as in Braunschweig in 1528, Hamburg in 1529, Hannover in 1530, 1533 in Nürnberg, or 1534 in Straßburg became symbols of this change. The impetus for the Reformation in the cities was mostly a bottom-up one, because it was concerned with enhanced participation in the day-to-day political process.
Die Kommune als wahrer „Lernort“ – eine neue Perspektive für Bildungsregionen? Zum besonderen Ergänzungsverhältnis bedeutsamer Lernorte: Schule und Kommune
Authors: Asselmeyer Herbert
Published: June 2021

This contribution deals with the explication of the idea and concept of learning regions, to which school networks make an important contribution, because they are the only type of organization with compulsory enrolment. Learning regions can be a network of potenial individual pedagogical institutions, in order to help discover and expand gifts and talents even more effectively. Communes are „the true learning places, for children and adults. Here the young person learns what matters in life, how to configure one’s life with others and to assume responsibility“ (Hüther, 2013).
Negative Erfahrung im Zweitspracherwerb: Eine Studie zur Entwicklung der Interlanguage von Kindern einer deutsch-französischen Kindertagesstätte in Berlin
Authors: Comes Nadine
Published: June 2021

The following contribution informs readers about the results of a qualitative study on the theme of negative formative experiences in the language acquisition of two- to six-year-old children in a bilingual German-French daycare centre in Berlin. The article introduces the theme of negative formative experiences and explicates how the investigated „negative experiences“ were related to the existence of a learner’s inner language (interlanguage) (Selinker, 1972, p. 214) and aligned with three previously defined competence areas. A working hypothesis was established for each of the three competence areas, and its proof or disproof is described and anlaysed with examples in the article.
Martin Luther, die Juden, der Nationalsozialismus – Kritische Nachlese zum Reformationsjubiläum
Authors: Retter Hein
Published: June 2021

The article informs and reflects on the results of two conferences in the context of the Reformation Jubilee, which dealt with Martin Luther’s relationship with the Jews. In the background is the question of the impact of Luther’s anti-Jewish hostility as the basis of legitimation for anti-Semitism from the 16th century until the genocide of Jews in Europe by National Socialism.
Personal and Reflective Epistemology in Pre-Service Teacher Education
Authors: Heiney-Smith Jill
Published: June 2021

Teacher preparation programs aim to provide pedagogical skills for knowledge development and critical thinking. Yet teacher candidates themselves have views and understandings of the very nature of knowledge, or epistemology, which might inhibit or advance their development as teachers. This paper begins with an overview of Kitchener’s (1983) model for cognitive processing and later work in epistemological development, The Reflective Judgment Model (1994, 2004). Next, a presentation of research in teacher candidate epistemology in Poland is compared with a study of teacher candidate perceptions in Singapore, both grounded by Kitchener’s model of knowledge development. Finally, a comprehensive research review by Sleeter (2000) reveals the limitations of such studies in the application to historically under-served students and teachers of color in the United States.
Global Applications of the Japanese ‟Lesson Study” Teacher Education and Training Model
Authors: Duez Erin
Published: June 2021

“Lesson study” has been used for over a century in Japan (Makinae, 2010). However, only recently, in 1999 with the release of The Teaching Gap by Stigler and Hiebert, did the practice begin to spread globally (Fujii, 2013; Ebaeguin & Stephens, 2013). The Teaching Gap is a summary of the Third International Math and Science (TIMSS) video study and included an entire chapter titled “Beyond Reform: Japan’s approach to the improvement of classroom teaching.” This chapter stated that the way the United States was reforming education was not systematic and offered lesson study in eight steps as a way to improve teaching and learning (Stigler & Hiebert, 1999). From 2000-2006 the lesson study process spread across the globe to nations including Indonesia, United States, England, Philippines, Australia, Sweden, and several African Nations (Groves & Doig, 2014). This paper will describe Japan’s lesson study process and the successes and failures of global application.
Book Review
Authors: Algermissen Ulf
Published: June 2021

Book Review
Рolycultural Education as a Socio-Pedagogical Phenomenon
Authors: Paliyeva Tatyana V.
Published: June 2021

The article analyses the conceptual foundations of polycultural education, both from a global philosophical and pedagogical point of view and using the example of the peculiarities of polycultural education in the Republic of Belarus. (The term “polycultural education” is understood in a similar way to “multicultural education” in the Anglo-American sphere or “interkulturelle Bildung” in the German language.) The author reflects on the use of different terminological concepts to illustrate the diversity of ideas regarding the purpose, nature and content of polycultural education and training in a multicultural world. The specificity of the theory and practice of polycultural education in Belarus is based on geographical, historical, denominational, cultural, sociolinguistic, social and pedagogical factors. At present, the Republic of Belarus is a practically multi-ethnic country with rather low migration. Nevertheless, the development of a multicultural personality is seen as an important task in preparing the younger generation for life in today’s society.
Continuity and Change in Societies in Post-Socialist Transformation: Research into Households and the Economy
Authors: Schrader Heiko
Published: June 2021

Starting from the distinction between short-term system transition (new institutional economics, political science) and system transformation as a long-term process of societal change, the author argues that institution-building is a long-term and complicated process and that informal institutions of everyday life do not change as quickly as the newly implemented formal ones. The author has a particular interest in the people’s economy of everyday life. He takes a look at three empirical research projects he conducted between 1997 and 2016, investigating whether informal institutions still undermine formal ones that are necessary for the functioning of a market economy. The research projects show particular characteristics. (1) a clear-cut double morality between bureaucracy and the rich, on the one hand, and the small people who have to protect themselves, on the other. (2) It is advantageous to know somebody in the lower bureaucracy (blat or other forms of bribery in everyday life). (3) Agents place strong reliance on personal face-to-face networks, including family networks, and avoid formal institutions. Indeed, many findings of the author support continuity even after almost 30 years of post-socialism, while some changes to the market society occur among better-off people.
The Humanization of Education: Some Major Contemporary Challenges for an Innovative Concept
Authors: Golz Reinhard , Graumann Olga , Whybra David
Published: June 2021

The humanities and social sciences, and in particular the educational sciences, are facing major challenges in view of the current socio-political, economic and foreign policy upheavals. The authors characterize some of these challenges to education theorists and practical pedagogues against the background of the ideas of a “Humanization of Education” that emerged in Russia after the collapse of the Soviet Union and led to the founding of the “International Academy for the Humanization of Education” (IAHE) in 1995. That humanization approach is still very relevant today. Here, the focus is on the current discussions of national identity, individuality and social responsibility, problems and tasks of inclusion and integration, as well as on the effects of digitalization on personality development. The influence of “Progressive Education” in the first half of the 20th century on the discussions centering on the “Humanization of Education” is taken into account, and the authors pose the question of the sustainability of such innovations in times of social upheavals.
Inclusive Schooling for Students with Disabilities: Redefining Dialogues of Diversity and Disability in the Canadian (Alberta) Agenda
Authors: Winzer Margaret , Mazurek Kas
Published: June 2021

Inclusive education for students with disabilities is beset by foundational problems often related to conflicting definitions. UNESCO, a lead agency, speaks to accommodating diversity; a parallel conversation is preoccupied with disability. This paper is situated at the intersection of diversity, disability, and inclusive schooling. It focuses on the present tendency to conflate disability with diversity to conform with UNESCO’s version of inclusive schooling. As a case study, we use the Canadian province of Alberta where a recent set of proposals aimed at reforming special education rebranded disability as diversity and promised inclusive schooling as a solution to mounting diversity in the schools.  We explicitly argue that Alberta’s sustained muddle of intent related to inclusive schooling arises, at least in part, from efforts to follow UNESCO’s broad prescriptions and assimilate disability into diversity. Misassumptions about the uniqueness of disability relative to other forms of diversity and difference have spilled over to blanket disability and diminish the importance of schooling for those disabled in the political space. Implicitly, the data are generalizable to other countries pursuing an inclusive agenda, particularly those in Europe.
Backgrounds and Goals of ‘Innovations’: The Examples of New Math in the 1960s and the Change from Input to Output 1995
Authors: Graumann Günter
Published: June 2021

Every innovation should be questioned critically in the sense of humanization of education, in particular with regard to the context and overarching objectives for which an innovation is effective. That innovations are not always improvements will be shown on two international examples from the last six decades.  In the 1960s, triggered by the so-called Sputnik shock, an innovation was initiated by the OEEC (OECD). In the interests of the economy, the number of educated people in mathematics and science should be increased. In connection with this, the innovation known under “New Math” for teaching mathematics was born.  A further international innovation started in the mid-1990s stimulated by the results of the comparative OECD studies TIMMS (1997) and PISA (since 2000) which also focused on mathematics and science. This meant a change from input to output (final tests) and the change of the school system according to organizational forms of business management.
A Comparative Study of Higher Education Governance in Greater China
Authors: Tao Claire Y.H.
Published: June 2021

During 1980, many Western countries launched public administration reforms. These reform waves also blew over to many Asian countries. With the advent of globalization and the rise of knowledgebased society, education and innovation are regarded as the driving forces behind social and economic growth and development. To enhance the national capacity, education reforms have also become common agendas among nation states since the 1980s. This paper aims at critically reviewing and comparing majorpolicies and strategies of the higher education reform adopted by the respective government in Greater China, including mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan and Singapore. The key research questions are why these countries attempted to reform their higher education and if these countries achieve the desired results and comply with good governance. In this paper, four areas, "Rule of Law," "Transparency," "Effectiveness," and "Accountability" are evaluated to examine how these selected cases’ governance in higher education have been implemented in the past 30 years.
Innovative Changes in Education of the 2010s: Pro and Cons
Authors: Kolesnikova Irina A.
Published: June 2021

The article offers a theoretical analysis of the advantages and contradictions of innovative changes in modern education. The author uses the data presented in the UNESCO and Council of Europe programmes, reviews in the main areas of innovative development, but also information from the websites of international organizations, implementing innovative educational models. The ideas of lifelong learning, inclusion and open education in the 2010s are meanwhile developing in conditions of"liquid modernity" (Bauman, 2000). Metamodern culture, the capitalization of knowledge, digitalization and network socialization are presented as the main external sources of the innovative boom in the education world of the 2010s. Against the background of the technological development one can see serious risks of forcing the humanitarian values and basic foundations out of pedagogic processes. In this regard, the need for constant critical reflection on the results of innovative education changes is emphasized.
Reclaiming Location in Education: a Response to the COVID Pandemic
Authors: Delamarter Jeremy
Published: June 2021

The school shutdowns necessitated by the 2020 COVID pandemic have highlighted the importance of “located” education. A located education is not determined by medium or physical proximity. Instead, a located education acknowledges the limits of human understanding and sustains mutually beneficial relationships. Recent neoliberal reform efforts have sought to dis-locate education – to strip it of both spatial limitation and the obligations of interdependent care. However, the COVID-related shutdowns have highlight the brokenness of a dis-located education. Drawing from the work of activist Wendell Berry and philosopher Nel Noddings, this article makes the case for located education – an education that recognizes the importance of both place and people.
What is the Future of Arts Education in the Midst of a Pandemic? It’s Essential, Virtual, and Hybrid for Now!
Authors: Joseph AnnRené
Published: June 2021

The future of arts education is at stake.This paper attempts to examine the future of arts education via the responses of a qualitative survey, student samples, individual interviews, and research regarding arts education as essential education for all learners during a pandemic and beyond. The sudden decree that all attendance at public and private schools would be canceled from mid-March to the end of April, 2020, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and then until the end of the 2020 school year, left students, teachers, parents, and schools in shock. What did this decree mean for the future of arts education? Arts education is defined in Washington State basic education law as an essential academic learning requirement (EALR) since 1993 (Washington State Legislature [WSL], 1993), and currently defined as dance, media arts, music, theatre, and visual arts.
Higher Education in the Midst of a Pandemic: A Dean’s Perspective
Authors: Rowley William J.
Published: June 2021

This paper suggests changes that are likely to occur in higher education resulting from the coronavirus pandemic from a retired dean’s perspective. Global events like the Great Depression and World War II led to significant societal and cultural changes. This global pandemic will have the same impact. Higher education will not be the same in the future. What makes it difficult to predict its future is the fact that colleges and universities have no predetermined guidelines for how to offer an entire academic program during a worldwide health crisis. Administrators are having to figure out how to respond on the fly. This isn’t to say there is no future for higher education. However, no colleges or universities will be able to conduct business as usual. For those who survive this changed environment, a significant re-assessment of every aspect of its enterprise will be required. This will include financial viability, mission, academic programs, program delivery, technology, library and student services.
Editorial
Authors: Ellis Arthur K.
Published: June 2021

Editorial
How Collaborative Project Development Theory Can Be Used to Provide Guidance for International Curriculum Partnerships
Authors: Fitzsimons Sinéad , Johnson Martin
Published: June 2021

In this paper we explore collaboration in the context of the educational services industry (ESI). We look to literature from the communication field to consider ethical strategies and methods for ensuring the validity of the outcomes of collaborative working. Drawing on Collaborative Product Development and conversation theory we devise four principles that can guide the collaborative process within an education-based partnership project. We then use a case study to consider how these principles supported the outcomes of a cross-national partnership project. Finally, we draw on these principles to consider the lessons for project management in education public private partnerships.
Injecting New Perspective, Meaning and Relevance into the Philosophy of Education
Authors: Mwinzi Joseph Munyoki
Published: June 2021

The philosophy of education is both an activity and a process which is envisaged to underpin and evaluate pedagogical events and activities in terms of what is taught, how it is taught, who is taught, and the process of teaching and learning. Educational theory is a compound concept that refers to the purpose of learning in terms of its totality of applying, interpreting, and integrating teaching and learning experiences. The practice of education includes the process of converting ideas into reality within the learning context. The purpose of any philosophy of education is central in education because it envisages examining the significance of that which is taught. This study seeks to assess how current educational theory, policy and practice can correlate with the philosophy of education at all levels of education.
HUBUNGAN KEPATUHAN PENERAPAN KOMUNIKASI SBAR DENGAN KESELAMATAN PASIEN PADA PERAWAT DI RSU KABUPATEN TANGERANG
Authors: Dewi Vidya Cynthia , Sriningsih Nining , Winarni Lastri Mei
Published: June 2021

Background:Patient safety is a system designed to improve the overall safety of patient care. One of the goals of patient safety is to improve effective communication, to improve communication effectively, SBAR communication techniques are needed. Objective: To determine the relationship between compliance with the application of SBAR communication with patient safety. Method: analytic descriptive with cross sectional approach. Respondents were taken using the Accidental Sampling technique, a sample of 108 nurses from the NICU, ICU, IGD and HCU nurses. Results: Chi-square test results obtained p-value = 0.076> 0.05 which means there is no significant relationship between compliance with the application of SBAR communication with patient safety. Conclusions and recommendations: The results showed no relationship between compliance with the application of SBAR communication with patient safety. It is expected that health services can implement a formal system and training on effective communication.
Türkiye’de Sporda Motivasyon Araştırmaları: Sistematik Derleme
Authors: SARI İhsan , SAĞ Samet
Published: June 2021

Bu sistematik derlemenin amacı, Türkiye’de spor motivasyonu ile ilgili araştırmaların güncel durumunu ve özelliklerini inceleyerek bu konuda kapsamlı bilgi sunmaktır. Sistematik derlemeler ve meta-analizler için tercih edilen raporlama öğeleri (PRISMA) rehberi kullanılarak Dergi Park, TR dizin ve Ulusal Tez Merkezi veri tabanlarında, “motivasyon* ve spor*”, “güdülenme* ve spor*” ve “spora katılım*” anahtar kelimeleri ile taramalar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ulaşılan toplam 1466 araştırma içinden dâhil etme kriterlerini karşılayan 203 tanesi değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Analizler Excel programında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmalar belli özellikleri açısından kategorize edilerek yüzde ve frekansları incelenmiştir. Kalite değerlendirmesi için The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool kullanılmıştır. Bulgulara göre; en çok kullanılan motivasyon yaklaşımları sırasıyla başarı motivasyonu, spora katılım motivasyonu ve Hür İrade Kuramı’dır. Türkçe araştırmaların İngilizce yayımlanan araştırmalara göre; makalelerin ise tezlere göre daha fazla sayıda olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırmaların %96,55’i nicel yöntemi kullanırken %3,45 oranındaki az sayıda araştırma ise nitel ve karma yöntemi kullanmıştır. Öte yandan, günümüze yaklaştıkça nitel ve karma yöntem araştırmalar artmaktadır. Araştırmaların büyük bir kısmında (%70,94) örneklem grubu karma şekilde kadın ve erkeklerden oluşmuştur. Ayrıca, motivasyon konusu engelli sporcu, e-spor oyuncusu ve ekstrem sporcu gibi nispeten daha özel gruplarda da ele alınmıştır. En çok yayın yapılan üç dergi sırasıyla; Spormetre, Hacettepe Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi ve Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi’dir. Spor motivasyonu konusundaki araştırmalarda en sık kullanılan ölçme araçları ise sırası ile Sporda Güdülenme Ölçeği, Spora Katılım Güdüsü Ölçeği, Spora Özgü Başarı Motivasyon Ölçeği ve Sporda Görev ve Ego Yönelimi Ölçeği’dir. Son olarak, rapor edilmesi gereken önemli bilgileri eksik olan ve ölçme araçlarının hatalı kullanıldığı araştırmalar bulunmaktadır.
Genç Futbolcularda Statik ve Dinamik Germe Egzersizlerinin Tekrarlı Sprint Performansına Etkisi
Authors: KÖSE Mehmet Gören , YILDIRIM Erdi , KİN İŞLER Ayşe
Published: June 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı; genç futbolcularda statik ve dinamik germe egzersizlerinin tekrarlı sprint performansına etkisini incelemektir. Bu amaçla, çalışmaya amatör bir futbol takımının alt yapı takımlarında yer alan 17 genç futbolcu (yaş: 16.47±0.62 yıl, boy: 174.91±6.54 cm, vücut ağırlığı: 63.08±9.74 kg, vücut yağ %: 6.41±4.59%) katılmıştır. Genç futbolculara iki ayrı günde statik germe (SG) veya dinamik germe (DG) egzersizleri yaptırıldıktan sonra 5 dakika pasif dinlenmenin ardından 6x30m Tekrarlı Sprint Testi (TST) uygulanmıştır. TST sırasında en iyi sprint zamanı (EİSZ), ortalama sprint zamanı (OSZ), toplam sprint zamanı (TSZ) ve performans düşüş yüzdesi (PDY) değerleri belirlenmiştir. Isınma ve TST sırasındaki kalp atım hızı (KAH) ölçümleri de değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. SG ve DG egzersizlerinin TST performansına etkisi bağımlı gruplarda t-testi ile belirlenmiştir. Bağımlı gruplarda t-testi sonuçları, SG ve DG egzersizleri sonrasında uygulanan TST sonucunda EİSZ, OSZ, TSZ ve PDY değerleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olmadığını göstermiştir (p>0.05). Germe egzersizleri sırasındaki KAH değerleri incelendiğinde, DG-KAH değerleri SG’den anlamlı şekilde yüksek [t(16)=-4,234; p0.05). Bu çalışmanın sonuçları TST öncesi uygulanan SG ve DG egzersizlerinin fizyolojik etkilerinin farklı olduğunu ancak bu farklılığın tekrarlı sprint performans çıktıları üzerinde etkili olmadığını göstermiştir.
EKONOMİ POLİTİKASI PERSPEKTİFİNDEN VERGİLEMENİN ÖNEMİ: OPEC ÜYESİ ORTADOĞU ÜLKELERİ ÖRNEĞİ
Authors: BİLGİÇ İbrahim , PİRDAL Burak
Published: June 2021

Devletler kamu harcamamalarının finansmanı için kamu gelirlerine ihtiyaç duyar. Vergiler ise birçok devlet için geçmişten günümüze en önemli kamu gelirlerinden biri olagelmiştir. Ancak, petrol zengini orta doğu ülkelerinin genelinde olduğu gibi pek çok devlet bu kamu gelirinden belli düzeyde mahrumdur. Bu durum ise ekonomi politikaları açısından bir takım arzu edilmeyen sonuçları tetikleyebilir. Bu çalışmada vergilemenin ekonomi politikası açısından önemi OPEC Üyesi Ortadoğu Ülkeleri Örneği temelinde araştırılmıştır. Vergileme sisteminin görece gelişmemiş olması durumunun bu ülkelerde ekonomi politikalarının etkinliğini baltaladığı ve bu ülkeler nezdinde gerçekleştirilebilecek olan olası vergi reformlarının sağlayacak olduğu potansiyel katma değer açısından kilit önem arz ettiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
İnsanın İçindeki Firewall ve Açıkları
Authors: Karakaya Cem
Published: June 2021

Günümüzde internet ortamında işlenilen suçların oluşmasına olanak tanıyan sorunlar tanımlanmış durumdadır ve büyük çoğunluğu çözülmüştür. Ancak mevcut durumda da bu suçları işleyen kişiler, halihazırda büyük kazanımlar elde etmeye devam etmektedirler. Genel anlamda bunun iki sebebinden söz edilebilir; ilki insanların bilişim suçları ve tehlikeleri konusunda bilgi sahibi olmamasından kaynaklıdır. Diğeri ise insanların güvenlik tedbirlerini alabilmeleri için zamanlarının olmaması ile açıklanabilir. Özellikle ikincisi insanın tembelliğinden kaynaklı olarak ortaya çıkan koşullara işaret etmektedir. Kolay şifreler belirlemek de insanın kolaycılığının bir sonucudur. Şifreyi cihazın hatırlamasına, saklamasına onay verildiğinde sanal suçlulara yardım edildiği gerçeği göz ardı edilmektedir. Birçok insan, her bir hesap için aynı şifreyi kullanmak suretiyle, sanal suçlularının tüm bilgilerine erişmesini kolaylaştırmaktadır. Bu durumda herhangi bir hesabın giriş bilgileri ele geçirildiği zaman, sanal suçlularının tek bir düşüncesi vardır: “Acaba bu giriş bilgileri ile başka nerelere girebilirim?” Kullanılan şifre, şayet herhangi bir dilin sözlüğünde geçiyorsa veya sadece harflerden ya da sayılardan oluşuyorsa, böyle bir şifrenin kırılması, kapasitesi ve işlem hızı büyük bir bilgisayar için sadece birkaç dakika sürmektedir. Bir akıllı telefona giriş yapabilmek için parmak izini veya yüz hatlarını vermekten bile çekinmeyen birçok insan, başına ne gelebileceğini düşünmeden, özellikle sosyal ağ hesaplarında, kendileri hakkında her şeyi ifşa etmekte ve bu bilgileri kötü niyetli siber suçluların eline, altın bir tepsiyle sunmaktadır. Özellikle günümüzün çocuklarının kendi rızasına dayanmayan görüntülerinin paylaşılması ileride sorunlara neden olabilecektir. Geleceğin politikacılarını, hakimlerini, savcılarını, manipüle edebilmek veya şantaj yapabilmek için, sosyal ağ hesaplarına bakmak yeterli olacaktır. Ailelerin de bu konuda fazla bilgi sahibi olmamaları ve çocuklarına tehlikeler konusunda bilgi verememeleri, çocukların sanal alemdeki hareket ve davranışları, karanlıkta satranç oynamaya benzetilebilir. Herhangi bir şeyin dijitalleştirilmesinden önce sorulması gereken üç soru; İnsanlar buna hazır mı? Ne tip risklerin oluşabileceği konusunda bilgileri var mı? Bu riskleri engelleyebilmek için tedbirlerini aldılar mı? olmalıdır. Bu makale, internet ve güvenlik açıklarına ilişkindir. Gerekli güvenlik tedbirlerinin alınması ve insanların bilinçlendirilmesi için yapılması gerekenler ele alınmaktadır.
Yeni Medya ve Değişen Toplumsal Değerler
Authors: Bulduklu Yasin , Şeker Muzaffer
Published: June 2021

İlk kullanıldığı günden bu yana teknoloji, insanların tabiat ile mücadelesinde ve ona hükmetmesinde fayda sağlayan aracılar olarak işlev sunmuş tüm aygıtları ifade etmektedir. Teknoloji, zaman içinde önce mekanik sonra da elektronik tüm araçları içine alan, her değişiminde toplumu da dönüştüren enstrümanlar olarak kullanımdan fazlasını ifade eden bir kavramdır. En basit tanımıyla mal ve hizmet üretiminde kullanılan mekanik ve elektronik sistemleri kapsayan teknoloji, tarihin her döneminde toplumlar üzerinde önemli etkilerde bulunmuş, medeniyetlerin kurulmasına ve yıkılmasına aracılık etmiştir. Bugün gelinen noktada teknoloji, yaşamın tüm alanlarında değişim ve dönüşümün hem nedeni hem de sonucu olarak hizmet sunan yapıdadır. Teknolojinin değişim ve dönüşümünde insanlar, önce kendilerini ve çevrelerini inceleyerek edindikleri bilgiyi farklı alanlara yansıtmışlar; devamında ise her defasında geçmişin birikiminden yararlanmışlardır. Tarihsel süreçte yaşamı kolaylaştırma, daha fazla üretme, tabiatta var olan güçlüklerin üstesinden gelme motivasyonuyla sadece araç ve aracı olan teknoloji, gelinen noktada hayatın tüm alanını biçimlendirir hale gelmiştir. Tüketim başta olmak üzere çok sayıdaki alışkanlığın ana belirleyeni bugün teknolojik aygıtlar ve onlara hükmedenlerdir. Teknoloji, tüm hayatın başat unsuru haline gelmiştir ve tüm dünya bu sayede izlenebilir ve gözetlenebilir olmuştur. Teknoloji aracılı olarak toplumların kültürü, değerleri değiştirilebilir hale gelmiş, bu yolla tüm toplumlar yönetilebilir topluluklar biçimine evrilmiştir. Yönetsel yapıları ve siyasal sistemler bu değişimin etkileneni olmuşlar, üretim ve dağıtım ilişkileri de farklılaşmıştır. Toplumsal ilişkiler, kökten değişmeye devam etmektedir ve tekniğin yaratıcısı olanlar, öncelikle kendi toplumsal iç çevrelerinde ve toplumların birbirleriyle ilişkilerinde üreten yönünde bir dengesizliğin yaratılmasını sağlamışlardır. Tekniğin ve teknolojinin yaratıcısı olanlar, diğerleri üzerinde hegemonik güç haline gelmişler, toplumlar arasında sürekli artan bir dengesizliğin ortaya çıkmasını sağlamışlardır. Tüm bu sonuçlar, öncelikle değerleri değiştirmekle başlamış, gelinen noktada teknoloji yeni değerleri yaratmıştır. Bu makale, teknoloji ve onun aracılığıyla değişen değerleri kitle iletişimi bağlamında irdelemektedir. Toplumsal soyut varlıklar olarak değerlerin kavramsal açıdan tanımlandığı makalede toplumsal yapı, kültür ve değerler, yeni medyanın bakış açısından ele alınmaktadır. Literatürden ve yeni medya ortamlarındaki uygulamaların gözlenmesinden yararlanan çalışma, değişen değer algılarını betimlemeye yönelik bir bakış açısıyla konuya yaklaşmaktadır.
Investigation and control of a measles outbreak at the Hong Kong International Airport, 2019
Authors: Wong Chi Hong , Shuk Kwan Chuang , Lam Wing Hang , Lam Ho Yeung , Lam Tsz Sum , Ho Lei Ming Raymond , Leung Yi Hong , Lam Chau Kuen Yonnie
Published: June 2021

Introduction: Hong Kong SAR (China) achieved measles elimination status in 2016, and the incidence of measles infection had been low over the past few years. However, the Centre for Health Protection (CHP) at the Department of Health was notified on 22 March 2019 of an outbreak of three cases of measles infection among workers at the Hong Kong International Airport (HKIA). Methods: We reviewed notifications of measles received by CHP from 1 January to 17 May 2019. We defined a confirmed case of measles as having laboratory evidence of measles infection. All confirmed cases among airport workers or those with epidemiological information suggesting they had been infected by contact with airport workers were included in the review. We described the epidemiological features and reviewed the control measures against the outbreak. Results: We identified 33 cases, 29 of which were among airport workers. They comprised 22 men and 11 women, aged 20–49 years (median 25 years). The majority of people with confirmed measles presented with fever and rash. All required hospitalization. None developed complications. Control measures, including enhanced environmental hygiene and improved ventilation at HKIA and vaccinations for the airport community, were implemented. Vaccinations were provided to 8501 eligible airport workers, and the outbreak was declared over on 17 May 2019. Discussion: Early recognition of the outbreak and prompt control measures, especially targeted vaccination of the exposed population, effectively controlled the outbreak in just two weeks.
Avicena e suas fontes: Alexandre de Afrodísia e Temístio (Parte 1)
Authors: Sousa Meline Costa
Published: June 2021

Esse artigo faz parte de um estudo maior sobre Avicena e suas fontes tardo-antigas que visa a analisar a relação entre Avicena, Alexandre de Afrodísia e Temístio no que diz respeito ao intelecto. Há, ainda hoje, uma série de questões discutidas pelos estudiosos relativas à teoria noética de Avicena. Uma dessas questões trata da natureza do intelecto agente e da sua relação com o intelecto humano. Contudo, dada a complexidade dessa relação, as linhas que se seguem consistem na primeira parte da investigação, a qual se restringirá a uma introdução geral ao posicionamento dos três autores quanto à natureza do intelecto produtivo (ou agente). Tendo em vista as diferentes abordagens, dentre elas a identificação da posição tomada por Avicena com aquela encontrada nas obras de Alexandre de Afrodísia e Temístio, analisarei, em linhas gerais, as suas interpretações do De anima 430a10-25 quanto à caracterização e distinção dos intelectos. Por fim, discutirei algumas dificuldades apresentadas por esse tipo de abordagem da questão.
¿Voluntad o razón en el origen del orden político? La respuesta de la teología política medieval y contemporánea.
Authors: Bertelloni Francisco
Published: June 2021

La pregunta planteada en el título de este trabajo reitera una alternativa que se ha transformado en un locus classicus de la teoría política: ¿el orden político forma parte de la constitución racional de la realidad y, por ello, no necesita ser creado pues basta con descubrir su existencia como una entidad más entre los entes de la naturaleza? ¿O ese orden político solo existe cuando es instituido por el hombre y, por ello, es el resultado de un acto de la voluntad humana? No analizaré aquí cada una de esas dos posiciones, naturalista la primera y voluntarista la segunda, sino que intentaré mostrar cuál fue la respuesta de la teología política de Egidio Romano y de Carl Schmitt a la pregunta por el origen del Estado.
AS PERSPECTIVAS DA REPRESENTAÇÃO SUBSTANTIVA SOBRE A AÇÃO PARLAMENTAR FEMININA NO BRASIL
Authors: Cavalcante Limão da Silva Ana Paula
Published: June 2021

Este artigo apresenta um mapeamento do perfil parlamentar das deputadas federais brasileiras que assumiram mandatos nas legislaturas de 2003-2007, 2007-2011 e 2011-2015 por meio da análise da produção legislativa dessas mulheres, com destaque à proposição de projetos de leis, a fim de verificar em que medida a atuação parlamentar feminina resulta em uma representação substantiva. Para a construção desta pesquisa, utilizamos uma metodologia quantitativa e qualitativa. A base de dados apresenta as seguintes informações: deputadas federais por legislatura, projetos de leis apresentados por cada uma delas, número de projetos transformados em lei, classificação por área temática e observações complementares. Esse banco de dados foi complementado com a inserção da síntese do conteúdo das ementas dos projetos propostos e o resultado do trâmite legislativo. A coleta dos dados foi realizada no Portal da Câmara dos Deputados e transpostos para o Programa Estatístico SPSS. Evidencia que as parlamentares propõem um número de projetos proporcional aos seus colegas homens, as proposições propostas referem-se as áreas relacionadas ao “cuidado” e, na mesma medida, em áreas “hards”, tais como trabalho, economia, finanças e tributação, administração e serviço público. Em relação aos temas com pautas sobre gênero, verifica-se que tratam de assuntos relacionados ao trabalho, a saúde da mulher e violências contra o sexo feminino.
OTIMIZAÇÃO DO PROCESSO PRODUTIVO ARTESANAL DE RAPADURA ORGÂNICA ATRAVÉS DA METODOLOGIA 5S
Authors: Faria Thomas Ygor Flores de , Santos Thalita Rabelo Almeida dos
Published: June 2021

Com o crescimento da demanda por produtos orgânicos, surge a necessidade dos pequenos produtores, responsáveis pela maior parte da produção desses alimentos, aprimorarem suas técnicas de gestão. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo a implementação da metodologia 5S no processo produtivo de rapaduras orgânicas em um engenho de pequeno porte. O diagnóstico da empresa foi realizado através do mapeamento de processos e da aplicação do Diagrama de Ishikawa onde foram identificados e analisados os principais problemas da instituição. Pode-se concluir que a aplicação da metodologia foi fundamental para otimização da produção sem grandes investimentos financeiros, gerando benefícios como melhoria nas condições de trabalho e um produto final de melhor qualidade.
Educação em Direitos Humanos - herança iluminista no contexto da pós-modernidade
Authors: De Sá Neila Marta , Lorieri Marcos Antônio
Published: June 2021

O artigo aponta os valores atribuídos aos direitos humanos no atual contexto histórico reconhecido como pós-modernidade, relacionando-os ao neoliberalismo. Ressalta as aproximações entre os ideais iluministas e os princípios que orientam a Educação em Direitos Humanos (EDH), prática pedagógica fundada em atividades que pretendem o desenvolvimento de uma cultura que valorize os direitos humanos, não na perspectiva de uma razão instrumental, mas no sentido de uma formação que promova reflexão e atitudes dos discentes rumo ao processo de humanização na defesa desses direitos – uma formação educativa integral como pretendiam os ideais educativos do Iluminismo. Insiste na necessidade de uma educação voltada ao entendimento e à prática dos direitos humanos.
Educação física escolar pelo viés semiótico
Authors: Da Silva Fiel Priscila Fátima , Fusaro Marcia Do Carmo Felismino
Published: June 2021

A Semiótica, ciência de estudo dos signos, inaugurada no século XIX por C. S. Peirce, pode ser aplicada a inúmeros contextos, incluindo o da educação. A Educação Física Escolar (EFE), disciplina obrigatória por lei no ensino básico, revela toda uma relação intrínseca aos signos do corpo e da imagem. A essência deste artigo é propor, pelo viés da Semiótica, um diálogo com a Educação Física Escolar, entendendo-se que esta disciplina lida com a prática corporal na construção de significados que se viabilizam por meio do corpo em movimento. Diante deste cenário, propõe-se maiores reflexões sobre o fato de que entender a interação entre alunos e professores como formadora de signos, na dinâmica das aulas, pode proporcionar um maior aprofundamento nas pesquisas educacionais sobre os signos relacionados ao corpo e à imagem na Educação Física Escolar.
Inclusão escolar de pessoas com deficiência e a perspectiva da família: análise da produção acadêmica de 2009 a 2019
Authors: Rabelo Flávia Laryssa Gonzaga , Magalhães Rita de Cássia Barbosa Paiva
Published: June 2021

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as produções acadêmicas produzidas no período de 2009 a 2019 sobre a inclusão escolar da pessoa com deficiência, levando em consideração a perspectiva da família. Para isso, realizou-se um levantamento das produções de teses e dissertações no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Capes e na Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações. Com base em Maturana e Cia (2015) e Bardin (2011), construiu-se uma ficha de análise das produções levantadas. Destaca-se que a maioria das pesquisas apresentaram como pressuposto o modelo social da deficiência, o que mostra um grande avanço conquistado pelas políticas de educação especial. Conclui-se que analisar as produções acadêmicas sobre a inclusão escolar de pessoas com deficiência que consideravam a perspectiva das famílias trouxe contribuições para entender como a temática vem sendo estudada e para criar um panorama desses estudos.
Weed Control and Winter Wheat Crop Yield With the Application of Herbicides, Nitrogen Fertilizers, and Their Mixtures With Humic Growth Regulators
Authors: Korotkova Irina , Marenych Mykola , Hanhur Volodymyr , Laslo Oksana , Chetveryk Oksana , Liashenko Viktor
Published: June 2021

The aim of the present study was to determine the efficacy of the application of mixtures containing various combinations of humic substances, with herbicides and nitrogen fertilizers, in weed control and optimizing the plant nutrition system. We also aimed to evaluate the influence of these substances on winter wheat productivity. Five Ukrainian winter wheat cultivars (‘Kryzhynka,’ ‘Smuhlyanka,’ ‘Slavna,’ ‘Kubus,’ and ‘Mulan’) were sown in a randomized complete block design, with three replications, in the years 2014–2019. The analysis of the effect of the compositions containing herbicides, with various physiologically active substances, in a mixture with humic preparations (Humifield, 4R Foliar concentrate) was performed by counting weeds per square meter in each experimental plot. The best performance in weed control, including perennial species, was obtained from using a mixture of Grodil Maxi herbicide with the humic preparation, Humifield. The crop treatment of this mixture resulted in a 23.6% reduction in weeds, compared to the treatment with the Grodil Maxi herbicide only. At the same time, the complex application of a number of herbicides in a mixture with the humic preparation, 4R Foliar concentrate led to the opposite effect. Various applications of mixtures of humates (4R Foliar concentrate, 5R SoilBoost) with nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium nitrate; carbamide-ammonium mixture) to optimize the winter wheat nutritional system and yield increases have been studied. The highest yield increase of 20%–22% was harvested in the plots treated with 5R SoilBoost and 4R Foliar concentrate plus ammonium nitrate. In addition, the efficacy of wheat crop foliar feeding with mixtures of humates, plus a carbamide-ammonia mixture, in different phases of vegetation has been established. A yield increase of 10.0%–21.4% resulting from the use of such compositions was obtained.
Evaluation of point-of-care algorithms to detect diabetes during screening for latent TB infection
Authors: Largen A. , Ayala A. , Khurana R. , Katz D. J. , Venkatappa T. K. , Brostrom R. , Tuberculosis Epidemiologic Studies Consortium
Published: June 2021

BACKGROUND: Individuals with both diabetes mellitus (DM) and TB infection are at higher risk of progressing to TB disease.OBJECTIVE: To determine DM prevalence in populations at high risk for latent TB infection (LTBI) and to identify the most accurate point-of-care
(POC) method for DM screening.METHODS: Adults aged ≥25 years were recruited at health department clinics in Hawaii and Arizona, USA, and screened for LTBI and DM. Screening methods for DM included self-report, random blood glucose (RBG), and POC hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c). Using
HbA1c ≥6.5% or self-reported history as the gold standard for DM, we compared test strategies to determine the most accurate method while keeping test costs low.RESULTS: Of 472 participants, 13% had DM and half were unaware of their diagnosis. Limiting HbA1c testing to ages ≥30
years with a RBG level of 120–180 mg/dL helped identify most participants with DM (sensitivity 85%, specificity 99%) at an average test cost of US$2.56 per person compared to US$9.56 per person using HbA1c for all patients.CONCLUSION: Self-report was insufficient
to determine DM status because many participants were previously undiagnosed. Using a combination of POC RBG and HbA1c provided an inexpensive option to assess DM status in persons at high risk for LTBI.
The mechanism of personal income taxation and its prospects in Ukraine
Authors: Yarema Yaroslav
Published: June 2021

The article analyses the current mechanism of personal income taxation in Ukraine, examining the impact of its individual elements on total revenues from personal income tax. The analysis of revenue contributions from personal income taxation to the consolidated state budget and local budgets indicates that the personal income tax remains the most important sources of revenue. In the structure of personal income tax revenues, wages are the main source of taxable income. The author analyses the mechanism of taxation for natural persons (businessmen) and tax receipts flowing to local budgets from incomes from business activity and highlights its shortcomings. In this context, he proposes introducing progressive tax rates, which will make it possible to shift the tax burden from individuals with low incomes to those who earn higher incomes.
Characteristics and the level of shadow economic activity undertaken by Ukrainian financial services companies
Authors: Leshchukh Iryna
Published: June 2021

The article describes a proposed approach to assessing the level of informal activity conducted by enterprises in Ukraine’s sector of financial services. The author analyses hidden, informal and illegal activities of financial services enterprises, taking into account how these activities affect the efficiency of exploiting its potential to ensure the country’s socio-economic growth and highlighting priority measures that need to be taken in order to create conditions for an efficient operation of financial services enterprises within the legal framework.
Economic effects of non-additive development of industrial enterprises: an analytical review of the process and structural transformations
Authors: Kudria Yaroslav
Published: June 2021

The article presents a methodological approach to assessing the effects of non-additive development (NAD) of enterprises, which takes into account the impact of economic processes on the intensification of production activities of an enterprise and its socio-economic transformation. The author analyzed the current non-additive development of enterprises in the industrial sector of the Ukrainian economy by assessing the dynamics and identifying key trends depending on the main types of industrial activity. The results of the analysis were used to identify recent structural changes in the industrial sector.
THE INTENSIFICATION OF NEUROTICISM AND
SEXUAL OFFENSES COMMITTED AGAINST ADULT
WOMEN
Authors: Prajzner Arkadiusz
Published: June 2021

In the research the characteristics of sexual offender focused on the analysis of personality traits in the area of their neuroticism was discussed. The study assumed that neuroticism is correlated with the commission of sexual offenses and its level may be a risk factor and a predictor of committing such offenses. The analysis of correlation and logistic regression was performed on the results of the respondents in prison for sexual offenses and the results of the control group of neuroticism scales measured with the NEO-PI-R Personality Inventory. The results of the analyzes led to the conclusion about the relationship between neuroticism and its individual dimensions with committing sexual crimes, as well as a significant prediction of committing such crimes by the level of neuroticism. The additional analysis showed that sex offenders were characterized by higher results of neuroticism than the control group of not convicted men. Key words: