bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sketching for a low-rank nonnegative matrix approximation: Numerical study
Authors: Matveev Sergey , Budzinskiy Stanislav
Published: April 2023

We propose new approximate alternating projection methods, based on randomized sketching, for the low-rank nonnegative matrix approximation problem: find a low-rank approximation of a nonnegative matrix that is nonnegative, but whose factors can be arbitrary. We calculate the computational complexities of the proposed methods and evaluate their performance in numerical experiments. The comparison with the known deterministic alternating projection methods shows that the randomized approaches are faster and exhibit similar convergence properties.
An ERK1/2‐driven RNA‐binding switch in nucleolin drives ribosome biogenesis and pancreatic tumorigenesis downstream of RAS oncogene
Authors: Azman Muhammad S , Alard Emilie L , Dodel Martin , Capraro Federica , Faraway Rupert , Dermit Maria , Fan Wanling , Chakraborty Alina , Ule Jernej , Mardakheh Faraz K
Published: April 2023

Oncogenic RAS signaling reprograms gene expression through both transcriptional and post‐transcriptional mechanisms. While transcriptional regulation downstream of RAS is relatively well characterized, how RAS post‐transcriptionally modulates gene expression to promote malignancy remains largely unclear. Using quantitative RNA interactome capture analysis, we here reveal that oncogenic RAS signaling reshapes the RNA‐bound proteomic landscape of pancreatic cancer cells, with a network of nuclear proteins centered around nucleolin displaying enhanced RNA‐binding activity. We show that nucleolin is phosphorylated downstream of RAS, which increases its binding to pre‐ribosomal RNA (rRNA), boosts rRNA production, and promotes ribosome biogenesis. This nucleolin‐dependent enhancement of ribosome biogenesis is crucial for RAS‐induced pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and can be targeted therapeutically to inhibit tumor growth. Our results reveal that oncogenic RAS signaling drives ribosome biogenesis by regulating the RNA‐binding activity of nucleolin and highlight a crucial role for this mechanism in RAS‐mediated tumorigenesis.
A kinesin‐based approach for inducing chromosome‐specific mis‐segregation in human cells
Authors: Truong My Anh , Cané‐Gasull Paula , de Vries Sippe G , Nijenhuis Wilco , Wardenaar René , Kapitein Lukas C , Foijer Floris , Lens Susanne MA
Published: April 2023

Various cancer types exhibit characteristic and recurrent aneuploidy patterns. The origins of these cancer type‐specific karyotypes are still unknown, partly because introducing or eliminating specific chromosomes in human cells still poses a challenge. Here, we describe a novel strategy to induce mis‐segregation of specific chromosomes in different human cell types. We employed Tet repressor or nuclease‐dead Cas9 to link a microtubule minus‐end‐directed kinesin (Kinesin14VIb) from Physcomitrella patens to integrated Tet operon repeats and chromosome‐specific endogenous repeats, respectively. By live‐ and fixed‐cell imaging, we observed poleward movement of the targeted loci during (pro)metaphase. Kinesin14VIb‐mediated pulling forces on the targeted chromosome were counteracted by forces from kinetochore‐attached microtubules. This tug‐of‐war resulted in chromosome‐specific segregation errors during anaphase and revealed that spindle forces can heavily stretch chromosomal arms. By single‐cell whole‐genome sequencing, we established that kinesin‐induced targeted mis‐segregations predominantly result in chromosomal arm aneuploidies after a single cell division. Our kinesin‐based strategy opens the possibility to investigate the immediate cellular responses to specific aneuploidies in different cell types; an important step toward understanding how tissue‐specific aneuploidy patterns evolve.
Aplikasi Metode Geomagnetik Zona Dugaan Fenomena “Jabal Magnet” di Daerah Banyumas
Authors: Wardana Anggit Pranatya , Prasetyo Lilik Ozy , Sukmaya Fajar , Yani Muhammad , Supriyadi Supriyadi
Published: April 2023

Penelitian mengenai dugaan adanya fenomena “Jabal Magnet” di desa Limpakuwus, Baturraden Banyumas dengan menggunakan metode magnetik. Tujuan dari adanya penelitian ini adalah mengetahui nilai kemagnetan (Suceptibilitas) dan juga mengetahui jenis keadaan bawah permukaan bumi di daerah Limpakuwus, Banyumas sebagai salah satu studi mengenai permasalahan yang hangat diperbincangkan oleh masyarakat serta diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi kepada masyarakat mengenai keadaan bawah permukaan di daerah penelitian.Luaran yang diharapkan dari program penelitian ini adalah untuk dapat pengembangan IPTEK dan dapat memberikan informasi sebagai salah satu acuan untuk penelitian – penelitian selanjutnya yang berkaitan dengan metode magnetik maupun fenomena serupa sehingga memililiki potensi untuk dipublikasikan.Penelitian dengan metode magnetik dilakukan dengan menggunakan satu set alat PPM (Proton Precission Magnetometer) GEMSys 19T. Lokasi penelitian berada di Desa Limpakuwus, Baturraden Banyumas tepatnya pada sekitaran jalan desa Limpakuwus dan areal perkebunan milik BBPTU (Balai Besar Pembibitan Ternak Unggul) Limpakuwus Kecamatan Baturraden Kabupaten Banyumas. Data yang diperoleh berupa nilai total intensitas medan magnetik di setiap titik pengukuran, posisi (garis lintang dan Bujur), data elevasi (ketinggian), yang kemudian dilakukan perhitungan dan koreksi data terhadap acuan yang telah disepakati. Pembuatan profil penampang bawah permukaan dibuat menggunakan software Magpick, Mag2DC, dan Surfer v.10. Hasil interpretasi didapatkan nilai kemagnetan total berada pada -700 nT sampai dengan 1.300 nT, sementara hasil akhir nilai intensitas kemagnetan adalah -240 nT sampai dengan 180 nT. Hasil interpretasi dengan nilai intensitas medan total tersebut didapatkan 2 (dua) daerah yang diduga terdapat batuan yang bersifat magnetik tinggi dan batuan yang bersifat magnetik rendah.
Sintesis Nanokomposit Stronsium Ferit-keramik Porselin Alumina sebagai Peningkat Struktur Dielektrik Kapasitor Berbahan Dasar Pasir Besi.
Authors: Sobirin Mohamad , Rosita Nita , Fitriawan Margi , Usriyah Farida , Faizal Reza , Yulianto Agus
Published: April 2023

Indonesia merupakan negara yang mempunyai sumber daya mineral melimpah diantaranya adalah pasir besi, stronsium, dan keramik porselin. Bahanbahan tersebut sering digunakan sebagai bahan baku dalam komponen elektronik. Material keramik dari lempung dimanfaatkan sebagai dielektrik sedangkan stronsium dan pasir besi sebagai bahan ferit. Stronsium memiliki sifat yang ringan, tahan terhadap suhu tinggi, serta tidak mudah rapuh. Selain itu stronsium memiliki permitivitas listrik yang tinggi yang cocok digunakan sebagai bahan dielektrik pengisi kapasitor. Bahan dielektrik yang dapat menyimpan energi tinggi adalah bahan dielektrik berbentuk keramik. Keramik porselin alumina memiliki rumus kimia(Al2O3). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan struktur dielektrik pada kapasitor dengan komposit stronsium ferit-keramik porselin alumina. Untuk meningkatkan kualitas dari dielektrik maka dibuat komposit dari Sr ferit dan keramik alumina. Sehingga bahan dielektrik lebih ringan, tahan terhadap korosi, dapat menyimpan energi lebih banyak. Dielektrik dibuat dengan komposit stronsium ferit dan keramik porselin alumina dan perekat menggunakan PVA. Stronsium ferit disintesis dengan bahan baku utama stronsium oksida dan pasir besi. Bahan keramik diambil dari bahan-bahan alam lempung. Pembuatan komposit dengan variasi stronsium ferit dan keramik 0:20 gram, 5:15 gram, 10:10 gram, dan 15 : 5 gram. Pencetakan dilakukan menggunakan pompa hidraulik bertekanan 4 ton diameter cetakan 4 cm. Sintering dilakukan dengan menggunakan furnace pada temperatur 250oC. Karakterisai yang dilakukan adalah uji kuat tekan, uji kapasitansi, dan uji Microscopy dengan menggunakan SEM. Hasil uji kuat tekan menunjukkan semakin meningkat seiring dengan bertambahnya stronsium ferit dan tertinggi dengan variasi stronsium ferit massa 15 gram adalah 34,7 x 102 kg. Uji kapasitansi menggunakan plat aluminium diperoleh nilai kapasitansi tertinggi pada variasi massa stronsium ferit 5 gram yaitu 11.5 nF yang dialiri arus AC 7 V. Struktur permukaan menunjukkan penambahan stronsium ferit pada komposit dielektrik adalah heterogen.
Deradicalization Through Pancasila Moral Education in Indonesia
Authors: Kristianto Tri Agus
Published: April 2023

Deradicalisation is every effort to neutralize radical ideals through interdisciplinary approaches, such as law, psychology, religion, economics, education, humanity and socio-culture for those who are influenced or exposed to radical and / or pro-violence. Implementation of Deradicalization Program (Development) can be done through Deradicalization in Prisons with the Target of terrorism prisoners who are in prison by identifying, Rehabilitation, Reeducation and Resosialisation. Deradicalisation has a goal, among other things, to restore the actors involved who have a radical understanding to return to a more moderate mindset. Deradicalisation of terrorism is very important because terrorism has become a serious problem for the international community because at any time it will endanger the national security for the country hence deradicalization program is needed as a formula of prevention and prevention of radical understanding like terrorism.
The Role of Pancasila to Eradicate the Crime of Corruption
Authors: Salsabila Adelia
Published: April 2023

One of the most important problems in Indonesia is the problem of corruption. At present corruption is a very serious crime. And corruption has occurred in many fields. This corruption problem cannot just happen. Of course there are various factors that encourage corruption. And the impact caused by corruption is certainly very detrimental to the Indonesian people. Not only for the Indonesian people but also for all levels of Indonesian society, they also feel the loss of corruption. Various actions have been taken by the government to eradicate corruption cases. However, these acts of corruption are still common in Indonesia. Acts of corruption crimes committed by regional government officials to a higher level. The state apparatus is a group of educated people. But the perpetrators of corruption crimes continue to do bad things even though they know that these actions are inappropriate actions. This shows that the role of Pancasila values has begun to be ignored by the people of Indonesia. Moreover, the ethical and moral values in society that have begun to fade. The challenge in this regard is how Indonesian society can revive roles rather than Pancasila values in an effort to eradicate corruption in the country of Indonesia.
Legal Innovation for Protection of Victims of Domestic Violence
Authors: Yudistira Febiahwan
Published: April 2023

Protection of victims of domestic violence is one of the challenges facing Indonesia. Although national legal instruments have accommodated various forms of victim protection in cases of domestic violence, many obstacles have been encountered, especially with regard to how to restore the rights of women victims from the perspective of the criminal law system. This paper aims to analyze the legal innovation of protection for victims of domestic violence in Indonesia. The method used in this paper is normative juridical which examines various applicable legal rules and norms related to the case.
Loss Due to Data Leaks: How is the Legal Protection for Account Owners on Marketplace?
Authors: Lamdayoung Cindy Thia
Published: April 2023

In the digital age, there are a lot of people or society who choose  e-commerce rather than the conventional transaction. E-commerce usually done in online marketplace applications such as Tokopedia, Bukalapak, Traveloka, and so on. Based on the data, Indonesia ranks as one of the highest e-commerce growth rate in the world. This is a good sign, because it means that marketplace companies in Indonesia can also compete and have a great opportunity to be more global.  However, as a result of these developments, of course there are also negative impacts that come together. One of the negative impacts is the issue of security/security of the linked accounts in the marketplace application. A lot of data-leak phenomena occur frequently and this is an urgent matter to be prevented and resolved. Marketplace’s account owners must have a legal things that protect them and prevent any various kinds of losses that can arise due to data leakage. And the marketplace platform providers also have to make some policies to protect their app users from the data leakage.
Technological developments and the decline in understanding and implication of the basic values of Pancasila in the life of society, nation and state
Authors: Nuril Miftakhun , Waspiah Waspiah
Published: April 2023

This paper intends to find out the development of the basic values of Pancasila in the millennial era, this is based on observations of the current millennial society and students through the help of social media. Where from the results of observations of social media, the community and students have decreased in understanding and implementing the basic values of Pancasila in society, nation and state. This phenomenon can be seen from the waning practice of the five precepts of Pancasila due to the large number of foreign cultures entering the Indonesian state that affect the community, as well as the younger generation. Therefore learning about Pancasila education is very important in this millennial era to save the basic values of Pancasila which are starting to fade.
Analysis of the Young Generation’s Understanding of Pancasila as the Ethics of National and State Life
Authors: Weffani Anggi , Waspiah Waspiah
Published: April 2023

Every nation has ethics and norms in carrying out its activities. The ethics of national life is formulated with the aim of becoming a basic reference for improving the quality of human beings who are faithful, pious and have noble character and have Indonesian personalities in the life of the nation. However, how far has the understanding of the younger generation in understanding the ethics of national and state life gone? Pancasila must be maintained by all Indonesians as the basis of the state and ideology because Pancasila is the life that has been embedded since the birth of the Indonesian nation and state. To foster the value of Pancasila awareness among the younger generation, these are as follows: (1) Pancasila as a view of life and the basis of the state, (2) the ability of the younger generation to adapt to the world, (3) the young generation is able to regulate and maintain and cultivate the value of Pancasila awareness, and (4) the younger generation has a common goal to transform with the community and its leaders.
The Effectiveness of the Implementation of the Death Penalty for Suspects in Serious Crime Cases, Both Narcotics and Corruption in order to reduce Corruption and Narcotics Cases that Occur in Indonesia for the Advancement of the Nation and the State
Authors: Manalu Abraham Paripurna
Published: April 2023

Corruption has become a serious disease in this country and is very difficult to cure. Various efforts to prevent and eliminate corrupt practices have been carried out very often. Both with the formation of laws and regulations as well as the establishment of a commission or agency for the prevention of corruption. However, corruption never wants to leave the Indonesian people. There is corruption in the executive branch, as well as in the legislature and judiciary. Not to mention in several state-owned enterprises and non-ministerial state institutions. The phenomenon of corruption has made people hot and angry. Because the perpetrators of corruption have taken people's rights by force. However, law enforcement against the perpetrators is not going well. Most of the criminals are given light sentences. However, the law provides for the death penalty for the perpetrators. The community hopes that the perpetrators of corruption are punished with the severest severity, so that justice and public welfare can be fulfilled.
Protection of the Right to Freedom of Religion in Indonesia (Case Study: Destruction of the Ahmadiyah Mosque in Balai Harapan Village, Temunak District, Sintang District, West Kalimantan)
Authors: Anwar Ahmad Khoirul
Published: April 2023

As in most modern law countries, the State of Indonesia has a regulation regarding guarantees for religious rights and freedoms. This is implied in the constitution of the State of Indonesia, namely the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, precisely in Article 28 E paragraph (1) which reads "Everyone is free to embrace religion and worship according to his religion, choose education and teaching, choose work, choose citizenship, choose a place to live in the territory of the country and leave it, and have the right to return.” Along with regulations related to religious freedom, the State also has a role in guaranteeing its people to be able to embrace their respective religions which has been stated in Article 29 Paragraph (2), namely "The State guarantees the independence of each resident to embrace their respective religions and to worship. according to his religion and belief." Although the guarantee of the right to freedom of religion has been regulated in the constitution of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia, in its concretization there are still many obstacles and problems. Talking about the right to freedom of religion, there are interesting things to always talk about and it is hoped that there will be a solution in the future, namely related to acts of violence in the name of religion. Recently, the Indonesian people were shocked by the act of destroying the mosque belonging to the Ahmadiyah congregation by intolerance and radicalism, to be precise, on Friday, September 3, 2021, in Balai Harapan Village, Temunak District, Sintang Regency, West Kalimantan. Seeing the barbaric actions carried out by the intolerant, the government needs firmness in enforcing the law and mediating between the minority and the majority.
Engineering Perspective and Economic Evalution of The Synthesis Zinc Oxide Nanopowder by Co-Precipitation Method
Authors: Nandiyanto Asep Bayu Dani , Nurahmawati Yeni
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the engineering and economic evaluation of the manufacture of zinc oxide (ZnO) Â nanopowder by coprecipitation method. Economic evaluation is carried out with several parameters such as: GPM (Gross Profit Margin), PBP (Payback Period), and CNPV (Cumulative net present value) based on simple mathematical calculations using the Microsoft Excel Application. From the project feasibility test it was found that the project suffer a financial loss if the tax paid was 100% and the selling price was less than 90%. The project can produce as many as 1,1017 tons/year of ZnO nanopowder. ZnO nanopowder production can provide benefits up to 76%. Economic evaluations show positive results because the payback period (PBP) occurs around the 4th year, and profits will continue to increase until the 20th year. Thus, the production of ZnO nanopowder can be considered a lucrative project.
Pancasila Value Education as a Corruption Prevention Solution
Authors: Rizal Nur
Published: April 2023

Pancasila Value as the Final Solution to Eradicating Corruption. The word corruption is a word that is familiar to the people of Indonesia, both the lower, middle and upper classes of society. The perpetrators of corruption are thick-faced, they are not ashamed to wave and throw smiles in front of the camera. And become public consumption on the television. Corruption in Indonesia seems to flourish like mushrooms in the rainy season. This is evidenced by the many corruption cases that occurred on Indonesia. Based on legislation and institutions that prevent and eradicate corruption in Indonesia, Indonesia should be a country free from corruption. However, based on the 2015 corruption perception index released by Transparency International. The country of Indonesia is still in the order of 88 out of 168 countries surveyed. Pancasila has ethical values that are able to regulate the behavior of community life, nation and state in Indonesia. The importance of Pancasila as an ethical system is related to the problems of corruption that have plagued the Indonesian nation so that it can weaken the joints of the life of the nation and state.
Legal Protection Against Children as Intermediary of Purchase of Narcotics at Polewali Mandar Police Resort Area (Case Study Year 2013-2015)
Authors: Yulianti Anisa , Al Magfur Muhammad Rokhi
Published: April 2023

The problem of narcotics abuse in Indonesia is now felt in an alarming situation. Narcotics abuse by children today is the concern of many people and is constantly being discussed and published. Indonesia has participated in participating in tackling the crime of narcotics abuse, namely the legislation of Law Number 35 Year 2009 on Narcotics. Factors that cause the child to mediate the sale and purchase of narcotics in polewali polarization polarization area due to family factors, environmental factors and economic factors. Efforts made by law enforcement officers, especially the Police in tackling the crime of narcotics circulation involving children as intermediaries of buying and selling, namely: prevention efforts (preventive) by providing counseling in the community and schools about narcotics, conduct raids and patrols regularly, (repressive), and coaching efforts to keep the future of the child can remain good. From this writing shows that children who commit narcotics crime, especially as narcotics courier, can be charged with Law number 35 of 2009 on Narcotics by not ruling out the special provisions set forth in Law Number 11 of 2012 on the Criminal Justice System of Children.
Literatura moral y práctica confesional en torno al pecado nefando en la Corona de Castilla (XVII-XVIII):
Authors: Navarro Martínez Juan Pedro
Published: April 2023

El presente artículo pretende comprender el papel que jugó la literatura confesional en la compresión generalizada de los pecados nefandos, resolviendo algunos debates teológicos que aún resultaban ambiguos, incluso para los principales pensadores cristianos. Al mismo tiempo, y a raíz del estudio de estas fuentes, se intenta dilucidar la funcionalidad de los manuales y opúsculos morales como herramienta de asimilación social del discurso coercitivo de estos pecados atroces. Del mismo modo, se intenta conocer el marco de aplicación de los principios confesionales de los discursos elaborados por la literatura moral en las experiencias de confesionalización de los pecados nefandos en la práctica de Pedro de León (1606) en las Reales Cárceles de Sevilla y Juan de Medinilla en Canarias (1757) y Asturias (1762).
Thermogravimetric analysis of the effects of transition metals on the co-pyrolysis of rice straw and polyethylene
Authors: Liu Guofu , Wang Zhanghong , Shen Dekui , Wu Chunfei , Gu Sai
Published: April 2023

Different transition metals (Ni, Co, Fe, and Mn) at different amounts (0 mmol/g to 1 mmol/g) were introduced into the co-pyrolysis of rice straw and polyethylene. The thermal behavior and the kinetics of rice straw, polyethylene, transition metal-treated rice straw, rice straw/polyethylene, and transition metal-treated rice straw/polyethylene were comparatively investigated via thermogravimetric analysis. The Ni, Co, Fe, and Mn promoted the decomposition of rice straw and polyethylene in mixtures compared with non-transition metal-treated mixtures in terms of the initial decomposition temperature. The presence of these transition metals catalyzed the synergistic interaction between the rice straw and the polyethylene in mixtures, which resulted in a reduction of residue yield from 14.9 wt% for rice straw/polyethylene to 12.6 wt% to 14.5 wt% for transition metal-treated mixtures. Moreover, the difference in weight loss suggested that the negative influence of the softened polyethylene on the rice straw in mixtures could be greatly reduced after the involvement of transition metals. Kinetic analysis revealed that the pyrolysis of rice straw, polyethylene, and transition metal-treated rice straw were well fit by a single first order reaction; two consecutive first order reactions were needed to describe the co-pyrolysis of rice straw/polyethylene with or without transition metals.
Preparation of oligomeric phenolic compounds (DHPs) from coniferin and syringin and characterization of their anticancer properties
Authors: Xie Yimin , Jiang Chen , Chen Xuekuan , Wu Hongfei , Bi Shuying
Published: April 2023

Lignin precursors of coniferin and syringin were synthesized and used to prepare guaiacyl-type and guaiacyl-syringyl-type oligomeric compounds (designated here as dehydrogenation polymers DHP-G, DHP-GS) via bulk method. The carbon 13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C-NMR) spectra indicated that both DHPs contained typical lignin substructures. The DHPs were extracted sequentially with petroleum ether, ether, ethanol, and acetone to obtain eight fractions (F11 to F14 and F21 to F24). The 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) experimental results showed that the growth of cervical cancer cells was inhibited by the two ether-soluble fractions F12 and F22, with semi-inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 81.60 ± 9.30 and 103.24 ± 14.09 μg/mL, respectively. The bioactive compounds in F12 and F22 were separated by a preparative chromatography method. Ten bioactive compounds (G1 to G5 and GS1 to GS5) were obtained. Mass spectroscopy analysis revealed the following chemical structures: G1, β-5 G-type dimer; G2, (β-5)(β-5) G-type trimer; GS1, β-5 GS-type dimer; and GS2, (β-O-4)(β-5) GS-type trimer. The compounds had inhibitory effects on cervical cancer cells. The syringyl aromatic ring decreased the anticancer activity of DHP, and the β-O-4 linkages did not contribute to the anticancer activity. It was also found that the carboxyl groups contributed to the anticancer activity of DHP.
The effect of particle board industry waste tar on the physical and biological durability of wood
Authors: Yalçın Mesut , Akçay Çağlar , Şahin Halil İbrahim
Published: April 2023

The effect of waste tar from particle board factories was investigated relative to some physical and biological resistance properties of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and beech (Fagus orientalis) woods. Solutions were prepared by dissolving waste tar in ethanol:toluene (1v:1v) in concentrations of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%. These solutions were forced deep into the Scots pine and beech woods under vacuum and pressure (deep treatment, DT). In addition, surface coating (SC) was applied by spreading 96% waste tar on the wood surfaces after treatment. Deep-treated and surface-coated (DT+SC) wood samples were exposed to the wood-decay fungi Trametes versicolor L. and Neolentinus lepideus Fr. for 12 weeks. At the same time, sample blocks were tested against wood-destroying house borer (Hylotrupes bajulus) larvae for 16 weeks. Total phenolic content, water uptake, water-repellent efficiency, and surface contact angle were tested. Although a mean mass loss resulting from T. versicolor of 31.1% was seen in the Scots pine control samples, only 3.87% mass loss was found with a concentration of 20% (DT + SC). The H. bajulus larvae mortality rate was 80% in the Scots pine wood samples deep-treated with 20% waste tar.
Production of high tannin content and antioxidant activity extract from an unripe peel of Musa acuminata (Cavendish) using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE)
Authors: Ishak Nur Arnisah , Ab. Razak Nor Asma , Pak Dek Mohd Sabri , Baharuddin Azhari Samsu
Published: April 2023

Musa acuminata (Cavendish) unripe peel is a waste product of limited value that is generated in large quantities. Therefore, the conversion of this by-product into a more useful product is necessary. This study aimed to optimize the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) parameters, including extraction temperature, extraction time, preincubation time, and solid to solvent concentration from an unripe banana peel using response surface methodology (RSM). The UAE parameters affected the recovery of yield, total tannin content, and flavonoid content with antioxidant activities. The optimum extraction temperature was 60 °C with an optimum extraction time of 30.0 min. Additional optimum conditions included 25.0 min for the preincubation time and 5.03% solid to solvent concentration. The optimum yield processing parameter of crude extract of unripe peel was 14.9% and the total tannin content was 119.2 mg TAE per g of the sample. Furthermore, the content of flavonoid was 29.0 mg RE per g of the sample and the DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity was 80.8% and 84.7%, respectively. The results from this study can be used for further isolation and purification of tannin from unripe banana peel. Further explorations could lead to the possible application of bio-based polymer in packaging materials.
Effectiveness of polymeric gloves in radioprotection against contamination in nuclear medicine
Authors: Silva Leonardo Pessoa da , Salazar Josiane Bueno , Fischer Andréia Caroline Fischer da Silveira , Oliveira Fernanda Ramos de , Stedile Fernanda Chiarello
Published: April 2023

When handling unsealed radioactive sources, radiological protection attention must be taken to avoid unnecessary exposure and radioactive contaminations, and an important and necessary practice to prevent such contaminations is the use of gloves when handling these sources. The present work aimed to determine the effectiveness of contamination protection provided by different types of disposable polymeric gloves used in Nuclear Medicine Service in Clinic Hospital of Porto Alegre, testing the main radiopharmaceuticals used at this site: [99mTc]sodium pertechnetate, [18F]FDG and [131I]sodium iodide. The analysis was performed using the wipe test inside gloves intentionally contaminated on the outside with these radiopharmaceuticals. The radiation detector used to measure the contamination was a NaI(Tl) scintillator well-type counter. The results indicate that three types of gloves analyzed protect the user from [99mTc]sodium pertechnetate and [18F]FDG contamination, for permanence times with the glove after contamination for up to 15 min (interval tested). For [131I]sodium iodide, gloves are completely effective in protection as long as they are used for a time interval after contamination of the external surface of up to: Latex – 5 min; Vinyl – 5 min; Nitrile – 10 min. Among them, the nitrile glove are the most effective, since contamination was not observed on the inner face for times equal to or less than 10 min; and, for an interval of 15 min, the percentage of permeation obtained was lower than the other two types: 3.3 times lower than vinyl glove permeation and 1.3 times lower of the latex glove permeation. It was also possible to estimate the skin dose rate due to contamination caused by iodine permeation for each glove case and time tested.
Mineral nutrient content of soil and roots of Solanum paniculatum L.
Authors: Ramos Clécio Souza , Tenório Jonh Aldson Bezerra
Published: April 2023

Solanum paniculatum L., a species endemic to tropical America and used in folk medicine in the treatment of anemia, hepatic and digestive disorders, has been widely studied. However, to date, no previous studies on correlations between the contents of mineral nutrients in plant roots with their contents in soil have been reported. The aim of this study was to determine the main mineral nutrients found in S. paniculatum roots and the soil in their natural habitat. It was observed that S. paniculatum roots grow in soils rich in calcium and had a positive correlation in the concentration of Ca with Fe, Na and K and a negative correlation with Zn and Mg. The results contribute to the knowledge of mineral nutrients in S. paniculatum as well as to its cultivation.
A predictive model for the determination of cadmium concentration in cocoa beans using laser-induced plasma spectroscopy
Authors: Herrera Celis Sandra Liliana , Guerrero Bermúdez Jáder Enrique , Mejía-Ospino Enrique , Cabanzo Hernández Rafael
Published: April 2023

This study proposes a predictive model to determine the concentration of cadmium (Cd) in cocoa beans based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and partial least squares regression (PLSR-1 or PLS-1). The multivariate calibration model was developed using 46 cocoa bean samples, with Cd concentrations up to 1 mg kg-1. The increase of the LIBS signal in the Cd emission lines was evident when the cocoa bean sample was subjected to a solid-liquid-solid transformation (SLST). The range error ratio (RER) was 7.92, which allowed it to be classified as a screening model. Monte Carlo cross-validation was used, with 60% of samples for calibration and the remaining for testing. The standard error of cross-validation (SECV) and standard error of calibration (SEC) were 0.12 mg kg-1 and 0.05 mg kg-1, respectively. The proposed procedure is framed within the alternatives for the chemical analysis of cocoa.
Prevalence, haematological, biochemical abnormalities and clinical syndromes of FeLV and FeLV/FIV co-infection among cat population in Moscow and the Moscow region, Russia
Authors: Zenchenkova A. P. , Makarov V. V.
Published: April 2023

The aims of this retrospective study were to determine the prevalence of FeLV and co-infection with FeLV and FIV among feline population of Moscow and the Moscow region, Russia, to determine the risk factors associated with the disease and to describe the clinical syndromes, haematological and biochemical abnormalities in infected cats. The prevalence of FeLV and FeLV+FIV co-infection was investigated among 11,807 cats living in Moscow and the Moscow region using PCR, ELISA and ICT methods. The overall prevalence of FeLV among household domestic cats was 12.8%. FeLV was most commonly detected in male mixed-breed cats and the cats with free outdoor access. Ninety cases of co-infection with FeLV and FIV (0.76% of the cat population) were also detected. The most common clinical signs seen in infected cats were those associated with the gastrointestinal tract. Anaemia was a common haematological abnormality in infected cats. The results of biochemical assays were nonspecific and associated with inflammatory processes in infected cats. The risk factors associated with FeLV infection were sex, breed, age, contacts with other cats and a history of outdoor access. The results presented in the study indicated a high prevalence of FeLV and a low prevalence of FeLV+FIV co-infection in cats living in Moscow and the Moscow region, Russia.
Food Innovation and Local Social Movement: The Case of Juang Community of Lebak, Indonesia
Authors: Riswanda Riswanda , Hikmawan M. Dian , Nurrohman Bayu , Indriyany Ika Arinia , Mayrudin Yeby Ma’asan
Published: April 2023

This article aims to describe how the movement carried out by the Juang Community of Lebak, Indonesia, encouraged and empowered the community to develop honey bee cultivation in Lebak Regency amidst the growing issue of local food innovation and diversification. This study contributes to the studies of the movement of honey bee cultivation, which are so far still understudied.  Research on honey bees commonly focuses on collaboration with government or community empowerment.  This study, however, tries to look at the social movements aimed at developing honey production in local contexts using a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach. The results show that the Juang Community of Lebak was a driving force for the community in Kampung Buana in cultivating honey bees. It attempted various activities such as building collaboration, strengthening and developing resources, and seeking wider networks for a more open market. However, the movement had difficulties in establishing good collaboration from various parties to jointly develop the potential of honey bees in Lebak Regency.
India’s Role in the Restoration of Democracy in Maldives: Challenges and Options
Authors: Biswas Hemanta Kumar
Published: April 2023

This article examines the dynamics of politics and international relations in South Asia with a reference to the Maldives. The Maldives is a small, fragile nation in South Asia, with 198 of its 1,192 islands inhabited. The peaceful Maldives, at the dawn of democracy, turned volatile when Nasheed started a campaign to impeach a criminal court judge. At that moment, India consciously did not want to get involved in the internal affairs of the Maldives. But in this opportunity, some countries like China, Pakistan, USA wanted to increase their influence in the democracy of Maldives. Some Islamic fundamentalist groups also tried to put a stain on the democracy of Maldives. A weak judiciary, corruption, and nepotism have taken a terrible toll on the country's democracy. In the presidential election of 2008 and 2013 Maldives, India's cooperation was an unprecedented event in this electoral system. However, Maldives has wandered between various ups and downs leading to the establishment of democracy. As a small country in South Asia, the establishment and context of democracy are very important, and Maldivian foreign policy towards India is always influenced by domestic politics. So, this paper focuses on the role of India to establish democracy in Maldives. The content analysis method was used in this study. Hence, this article contributes to studies of politics and international relations among countries in South Asia.
Computer simulation of clusters in doped crystals of lithium niobite
Authors:   TANANAEV INSTITUTE OF CHEMISTRY KOLA SCIENCE CENTRE OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, Starodub O.R. , Palatnikov Mikhail N. ,   TANANAEV INSTITUTE OF CHEMISTRY KOLA SCIENCE CENTRE OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, Sidorov Nikolay V. ,   TANANAEV INSTITUTE OF CHEMISTRY KOLA SCIENCE CENTRE OF THE RUSSIAN ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
Published: April 2023

Using as a structural unit (“unit cell”) a MeO6 oxygen-octahedral cluster crystal (Me: Nb, Li, vacancy, impurity element) and a semiclassical atomistic approach, computer simulation of large clusters in the structure of a lithium niobate (LiNbO3) crystal doped with trivalent metal. This approach makes it possible to avoid, unavoidable when using a crystal unit cell as a structural unit, the loss of discontinuity and electroneutrality of oxygen octahedra O6 at the edges of the cluster under study, and also allows you to move away from traditional vacancy split models.
Synthesis and field experiments of the female sex pheromone of sweet potato weevil, Cylas formicarius
Authors: Le Van Dung , Dang Chi Hien , Nguyen Cong Hao , Nguyen Thanh Danh , Ngo Le Ngoc Luong , Nguyen Thuy Duong , Nguyen Thi My Thao
Published: April 2023

Abstract. (Z)-3-dodecen-1-yl (E)-2-butenoate (1) identified as the sex pheromone of sweet potato weevil, Cylas formicarius Fabricius, had been synthesized successfully from 3-butyn-1-ol and 1‑bromooctane as the starting materials. The overall yield via four steps was 60% calculated on 3-butyn-1-ol. The primary step of the scheme was the stereoselective reduction reaction for alkyne cis-hydrogenation without using molecular hydrogen by Pd2(dba)3-catalyzed. And, this reaction was carried out efficiently with KOH/DMF as the hydrogen source. Next, the field trapping experiments were conducted from February to June 2021 at Tien Thuy ward - Chau Thanh district (Ben Tre province) to develop a simple, easy to construct, cost‐effective, and efficient sex pheromone‐baited trap. Main experiments have given positive results such as the relative to sweet-potato foliage, the trap designs, doses of pheromone lure from 0.1 mg to 0.8 mg, and the effect of lure traps with a dose of 0.4 mg. These values can use well to control the dosage of pheromone in field experiments.
Keywords:  (Z)-3-dodecen-1-yl (E)-2-butenoate, Cylas formicarius Fabricius, Pd2(dba)3/KOH/DMF, 1-decyne, 1-bromooctane, 3-butyn-1-ol, (Z)-configuration, the average number of captured individuals, sweet potato weevil.
Synthesis of highly stable silver nanoparticles as computed tomography contrast agents
Authors: Le Tam The , Nguyen Thi Ngoc Linh
Published: April 2023

In this work, highly stable Ag nanoparticles solution was synthesized using TBAB to reduce Ag+ in the presence of OLA in organic solvents at room temperature, and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) as a phase transfer ligand in organic solvents. The effects of different solvents on the morphology and properties of the Ag nanomaterials were investigated in detail. The products were characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and absorption spectroscopy. Structural analysis demonstrated that the Ag nanomaterials showed good crystallinity. We have successfully synthesized Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) with small particle size (6.1 - 7.3 nm), high uniformity in organic solvents at room temperature. The Ag NPs obtained after phase transformation with PAA are well dispersed, endurance and stability in aqueous solvents. The obtained in-vitro CT imaging results have good X-ray absorption value. These findings suggest the potential application of PAA-coated Ag nanoparticles in the biomedical field, especially in imaging diagnostics using CT computed tomography.
In silico studies on potential MCF-7 inhibitors of alkaloid and phenolic compounds isolated from Zanthoxylum nitidum: A combination of molecular docking and ADMET analysis
Authors: PHAM Quan Minh , Pham Thi Hong Minh
Published: April 2023

In this study, computational molecular simulation and drug-like properties assessment were used to gain insight into the binding ability of 16 alkaloid and phenolic compounds isolated from Zanthoxylum nitidum on protein tubulin. Amongst studied candidates, compounds 8 and 10 were identified as potential candidates for inhibiting the function of tubulin at the active site regarding binding affinity, dock pose and ADMET properties analysis. These findings shed light on the potential anti-cancer of compounds isolated from Zanthoxylum nitidum.
Type 2 myocardial infarction: the potential for early detection
Authors: Karetnikova V. N. , Motova A. V. , Osokina A. V. , Golubovskaia D. P. , Oleinik I. R. , Schmidt E. A. , Zhidkova I. I. , Pecherina T. B. , Polikutina O. M. , Barbarash O. L.
Published: April 2023

Aim. To evaluate the potential of using factors associated with type 2 myocardial infarction (MI) for its early diagnosis.

Material and methods. This prospective study included 204 patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). At the time of admission, each patient underwent standard examinations for ACS patients. The 1-year stage consisted of telephone survey of patients on the course of long-term postinfarction period. There were following endpoints: death, recurrent coronary events and hospitalization.

Result. Patients with type 2 MI accounted for 10,8% (n=22) of the entire analyzed sample. A model for prehospital diagnosis of probable type 2 MI has been developed. The model included clinical and history data that allow to suggest the type 2 MI course without invasive and laboratory studies. The model included signs (body mass index ≥35, kg/m2, atrial fibrillation+Killip I, hemoglobin <110 g/l within 1 year before MI, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), the most common in type 2 MI patients according to own data and previous studies.

Conclusion. A model of prehospital clinical assessment of MI risk has been developed for making a preliminary diagnosis and forming different patient streams at the admission stage for the final verification of the diagnosis.
Ultrasound-assisted assessment of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness. Methodological guidelines
Authors: Drapkina O. M. , Angarsky R. K. , Rogozhkina E. A. , Maksimova O. A. , Ivanova A. A. , Zyatenkova E. V. , Dzhioeva O. N.
Published: April 2023

Methodological guidelines have been developed for inpatient internists, general practitioners, paramedics providing healthcare care in accordance with the professional standard "internist", "general practitioner". The guidelines are based on consensus papers, accumulated clinical and scientific experience. The methodology for organizing and conducting an ultrasound-assisted assessment of visceral adipose tissue is described in detail. Algorithms for diagnosing visceral obesity are presented to help the practitioner. Particular attention is paid to visceral fat assessment using ultrasound-assisted examination. These guidelines will be of interest to doctors, heads of healthcare facilities, as well as students of medical universities.
INTERAÇÕES VIRTUAIS DE FAMÍLIAS DE CRIANÇA COM CÂNCER: ESPAÇO POTENCIAL DE ATUAÇÃO DE ENFERMEIRA(O)S
Authors: Mattos Camille Xavier de , Cabral Ivone Evangelista
Published: April 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a ressignificação de enfermeiras sobre necessidades de familiares de crianças com câncer, em comunidades de Facebook ® institucional. Método: pesquisa participativa desenvolvida com as dinâmicas Mapa Falante e Corpo Saber do Método Criativo Sensível, na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, realizada entre 2019 e 2020. Participaram nove enfermeiras(os) especialistas em pediatria e oncologia em grupos de três a quatro pessoas. Aplicou-se a análise temática no tratamento dos dados. Resultados: comunidades virtuais dinâmicas favorecem familiares de crianças com câncer na busca de apoio, solidariedade e informações. Naquele espaço, compartilham experiências de adoecimento, êxitos, perdas e luto. A comunidade é marcada por desafios; a enfermeira pode atuar mediando informações, desde que preparada para interagir com responsabilidade ética e conhecimento científico. Conclusão: Na ressignificação essas comunidades são reconhecidas como espaços de diálogo, ampliando o lócus de ação e empoderamento de enfermeiras educadoras e defensoras do melhor interesse dessas crianças.
INTERACCIONES VIRTUALES DE LAS FAMILIAS DE NIÑOS CON CÁNCER: ESPACIO POTENCIAL DE LA ACCIÓN DE LAS ENFERMERAS
Authors: Mattos Camille Xavier de , Cabral Ivone Evangelista
Published: April 2023

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la resignificación de las enfermeras sobre las necesidades de los familiares de niños con cáncer, en comunidades institucionales de Facebook®. Método: investigación participativa desarrollada con las dinámicas Mapa que Habla y Cuerpo Saber del Método Creativo Sensible, en la ciudad de Río de Janeiro, Brasil, realizada entre 2019 y 2020. Nueve enfermeras especializadas en pediatría y oncología participaron en grupos de tres a cuatro personas. En el tratamiento de los datos se aplicó el análisis temático. Resultados: las comunidades virtuales dinámicas favorecen a los familiares de niños con cáncer en la búsqueda de ayuda, solidaridad e información. En ese espacio, comparten experiencias de enfermedad, éxitos, pérdidas y duelo. La comunidad está marcada por los desafíos; la enfermera puede actuar mediando la información, ya que está preparada para interactuar con responsabilidad ética y conocimiento científico. Conclusión: En la resignificación, estas comunidades son reconocidas como espacios de diálogo, ampliando el locus de acción y empoderamiento de las enfermeras educadoras y defensoras del mejor interés de estos niños.