bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NaviAirway: a Bronchiole-sensitive Deep Learning-based Airway Segmentation Pipeline for Planning of Navigation Bronchoscopy
Authors: Wang Andong , Tam Terrence Chi Chun , Poon Ho Ming , Yu Kun-Chang , Lee Wei-Ning
Published: March 2022

Navigation bronchoscopy is a minimally invasive procedure in which doctors pass a bronchoscope into a subject’s airways to sample the target pulmonary lesion. A three-dimensional (3D) airway roadmap reconstructed from Computer Tomography (CT) scans is a prerequisite for this procedure, especially when the target is distally located. Therefore, an accurate and efficient airway segmentation algorithm is essential to reduce bronchoscopists’ burden of pre-procedural airway identification as well as patients’ discomfort during the prolonged procedure. However, airway segmentation remains a challenging task because of the intrinsic complex tree-like structure, imbalanced sizes of airway branches, potential domain shifts of CT scans, and few available labeled images. To address these problems, we present a deep learning-based pipeline, denoted as NaviAirway, which finds finer bronchioles through four major novel components – feature extractor modules in model architecture design, a bronchiole-sensitive loss function, a human-vision-inspired iterative training strategy, and a semi-supervised learning framework to utilize unlabeled CT images. Experimental results showed that NaviAirway outperformed existing methods, particularly in identification of higher generation bronchioles and robustness to new CT scans. On average, NaviAirway takes five minutes to segment the CT scans of one patient on a GPU-embedded computer. Moreover, we propose two new metrics to complement conventional ones for a more comprehensive and fairer evaluation of deep learning-based airway segmentation approaches. The code is publicly available on https://github.com/AntonotnaWang/NaviAirway.
Electric Smell: Towards Electrically Reproducing Artificial Smell Sensations
Authors: Cheok Adrian David , Karunanayaka Kasun
Published: March 2022

Electric Smell: Towards Electrically Reproducing Artificial Smell Sensations
Exploring Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces for 6G: State-of-the-Art and the Road Ahead
Authors: Basharat Sarah , Khan Maryam , Iqbal Muhammad , Hashmi Umair , Zaidi Syed Ali Raza , Robertson Ian
Published: March 2022

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are envisioned to transform the propagation space into a smart radio environment (SRE) to realize the diverse applications of sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication. By smartly tuning the massive number of elements via controller, an RIS can passively phase-shift the electromagnetic (EM) waves to enhance the system performance. The absence of radio-frequency (RF) chains makes RIS an energy-efficient and cost-effective solution for future wireless networks. In this paper, we explore the state-of-the-art research on different aspects of RIS-assisted communication. Specifically, we first introduce the fundamentals of RIS, including the RIS's structure, operating principle, and deployment strategies. We then comprehensively discuss the emerging applications of RISs for 6G wireless networks. In addition, we elaborate on the crucial challenges for RIS-assisted networks, namely, RIS channel state information (CSI) acquisition and passive beamforming optimization. Furthermore, we present the recent research contributions leveraging the artificial intelligence (AI) based techniques for channel estimation, phase-shift optimization, and resource allocation in RIS-assisted networks. Finally, to provide effective guidance for future research, we highlight important research directions for realizing RIS-assisted network.
An Architecture for Experiments in Networked Control Systems
Authors: Kloock Maximilian , Scheffe Patrick , Greß Ole , Alrifaee Bassam
Published: March 2022

Rapid prototyping of a Networked Control System (NCS) is challenging because of the physical distribution of agents. Furthermore, experiments with NCS may be subject to external influences which prevent reproducibility. This article presents an architecture for experimental testing of NCS with focus on decision-making. Our architecture for experiments of NCS is strictly modular and hierarchical, and therefore it supports an easy and rapid exchange of each single controller as well as of optimization libraries. Additionally, the architecture synchronizes the whole network of sensors, computation devices, and actuators. Thus, it achieves deterministic and reproducible results, even for time-variant network topologies. Using this architecture, we are able to include active and passive agents and agents with heterogeneous dynamics in the experiments. The architecture also allows handling communication uncertainties, e.g., data packet drop and time delay. The resulting architecture supports performing in-the-loop tests on the model, software, and hardware levels.
We demonstrate the architecture in the Cyber-Physical Mobility Lab (CPM Lab) using 20 agents. The architecture can be applied to other domains.
Design of aerial fog computing with fixed-wing UAVs
Authors: Cardoso da Silva Rodrigo Augusto , da Fonseca Nelson Luis Saldanha
Published: March 2022

One challenge in the deployment of a fog computing infrastructure is the support of demands which are variable in time and space as this can temporarily overload fog nodes. Mobile fog nodes can be promptly dispatched to support dynamic demands, helping to cope with overloaded terrestrial infrastructure. Specifically, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can be used as mobile fog nodes since they benefit from autonomous operation and maneuverability. However, UAVs are typically battery-constrained and can operate only for a limited time. This paper investigates how fixed-wing UAVs can fulfill the role of fog nodes. These UAVs have different aerodynamics and consume less energy than do rotary-wing UAVs. This paper proposes the Spatio-Temporal UAV Fog Node Location algorithm to determine the position of fog nodes mounted on UAVs.

This work has been submitted to the IEEE for possible publication. Copyright may be transferred without notice, after which this version may no longer be accessible.
Evaluating Visual-Spatiotemporal Coregistration of a Physics-based Virtual Reality Haptic Interface
Authors: Chowdhury Suman , Mubarrat Syed T. , Fernandes Antonio , Binkley Kieran
Published: March 2022

This study aimed to evaluate the visual-spatiotemporal coregistration of the real and virtual objects’ movement dynamics in a low-cost physics-based virtual reality (VR) system that provides real cutaneous and kinesthetic haptic feedback of the objects instead of computer-generated haptic feedback. Twelve healthy participants performed three human-robot collaborative (HRC) sequential pick-and-place lifting tasks while both motion capture and VR systems respectively traced the movement kinematics of the real and virtual objects. We used an iterative closest point algorithm to transform the 3D spatial point clouds of the VR system into the motion capture system. We employed a novel algorithm and principal component analysis to respectively calculate visual and spatiotemporal coregistration precisions between virtual and real objects. Results showed a high correlation (r > 0.96) between real and virtual objects’ movement dynamics and linear and angular coregistration errors of less than 5 cm and 8°, respectively. The trend also revealed a low temporal registration error of <12 ms and was only found along the vertical axis. The visual registration data indicated that the real cutaneous and kinesthetic haptics provided by the physical objects in the virtual environment enhanced proprioception and visuomotor functions of the users.
Energy-Performance Assessment of Oscillatory Neural Networks based on VO2 Devices for Future Edge AI Computing
Authors: Delacour Corentin , Carapezzi Stefania , Abernot Madeleine , Todri-Sanial Aida
Published: March 2022

Oscillatory Neural Network (ONN) is an emerging neuromorphic architecture composed of oscillators that implement neurons and coupled by synapses. ONNs exhibit rich dynamics and associative properties, which can be used to solve problems in the analog domain according to the paradigm let physics compute. For example, compact oscillators made of VO2 material are good candidates for building low-power ONN architectures dedicated to AI applications at the edge like pattern recognition. However, little is known about the ONN scalability and its performances when implemented in hardware. Before deploying ONN, it is necessary to assess its computation time, energy consumption, performance and accuracy for a given application. Here, we consider a VO2-oscillator as an ONN building block and we perform circuit-level simulations to evaluate the ONN performances at the architecture level. Notably, we investigate how ONN computation time, energy and memory capacity scale with the number of oscillators. We show that ONN energy grows linearly when scaling up the network, making it suitable for large-scale integration at the edge. Furthermore, we investigate the design knobs for minimizing the ONN energy. Assisted by TCAD simulations, we report on scaling of VO2 devices in crossbar geometry to decrease the oscillator voltage and energy. We benchmark ONN versus state-of-the-art architectures and observe that the ONN paradigm is a competitive energy efficient solution for scaled VO2 devices. Finally, we present how ONN can efficiently detect edges in images captured on low-power edge devices.
Classification and feature extraction for neonatal sepsis detection
Authors: Honoré Antoine , Forsberg David , jost kerstin , Adolphson Katja , Stålhammar Alexander , Herlenius Eric , Chatterjee Saikat
Published: March 2022

In
this original study, we investigate
the performances of machine learning algorithms on a neonatal sepsis
detection task. We
consider this work to be of great interest to both
engineers
and
clinicians,
as it uses
non-invasive, already existing, vital
signs
monitoring
signals in a population
of very low birth weight infants at high risk of sepsis.
Vital
sign variability may indeed represent a general indicator of health
and wellbeing and be helpful in the early detection of systematic
inflammation such
as sepsis.
We
used
state
of the art feature extraction technics and evaluate a large variety
of binary classification models among
which a neural network based
generative model.
The models were
chosen from
two main families: discriminative
and generative. This
enables a comprehensive study of different
kinds of traditional
and advanced binary classification algorithms.

Our
study reveals that advanced machine learning models are more robust
to changes in the feature extraction pipeline, although linear
classifiers
have a comparable
performance when the feature extraction is tuned. The
advanced model performing the best is a neural network based
generative model which is a hybrid generative and discriminative
model. A
large window length when computing the features is beneficial to
almost all algorithms, indicating the relevance of frequency domain
related features for the neonatal sepsis detection task.

Overall
we obtain a classification AUROC
above 0.85,
which makes our prediction models potentially
relevant in clinical practice. This
will enable earlier therapeutic interventions and thereby reduce
morbidity and mortality in infants.
Poesie scelte
Authors: Geiger Benno
Published: March 2022

The volume presents a selection of poems originally composed in German by Austrian-Italian author Benno Geiger and translated into Italian for the first time. This publication aims to make Geiger’s poetical work available to a broader audience and place it aside his better known writing on Art History. Geiger’s specific role as a mediator and bridge between two cultures makes his poetical work extremely significant, as well as considering his prolific activity as a literary translator to which he devoted himself throughout his life. The current edition provides bilingual parallel text, preceded by an introductory essay and a biographical profile of the author. The critical apparatus highlights both the intertextual references and the writer’s complex links with the Italian and German poetical traditions.
Correlation between N-Acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) Polymorphism Genotype with Plasma Isoniazid (INH) Concentration in MDR TB Patients Receiving Short Regimen in West Sumatera
Authors: Senja Mega , Basyar Masrul , Sabri Yessy Susanty , Afriani Afriani
Published: March 2022

Background: Isoniazid (INH) is one of the most potent TB drug. High dose INH is used in short regimen MDR TB drugs. The genetic polymorphism of NAT2 affects the acetylation status. Awareness of the patients’ acetylator status is important to determine the risk of toxicity, treatment failure and drug resistance. The aim of this study was to demonstrate NAT2 genotype association with INH plasma concentration after 2 hours of oral INH therapy. Methods: This was a cross sectional study of MDR TB patients who received short term combination therapy at RSUP Dr. M.Djamil Padang, Achmad Muchtar Hospital Bukittinggiand West Sumatra Pulmonary Hospital from September 2019 to February 2020. Patients were examined for NAT2 genotype and plasma INH concentration. The results of the plasma INH concentrations obtained were evaluated based on the NAT2 acetylator phenotype group.Results: The majority of the subjects weremen (62.5%), aged 40-64 years (50%), had the most common comorbid of diabetes mellitus (31.25%), were normoweight (75%) and had negative HIV status (93.8%). A total of 7 alleles consisting of 7 SNPs and 7 variations of the NAT2 genotype were found in MDR TB patients who received short-term therapy. The NAT2*12A alleles (56.25%) was the most common allele and was a fast acetylator. Based on the bimodal distribution, the median concentration of INH in the fast and slow acetylator were 1.25 µg/ml and 5.24 µg/ml, respectively. The median values of INH concentration based on the trimodal distribution for fast, intermediate, and slow acetylators were 1.25 µg/ml, 2.17 µg/ml and 5.24 µg/ml. Conclusion: There were no correlations between the type of NAT2 acetylator phenotype and plasma INH concentrations.
Blazing a Path to Wilderness: A Case Study of Impact Litigation Through the Lens of Legislative History
Authors: Kagan Neil
Published: March 2022

Litigation can be a catalyst for legislation. Legislative history can reveal just how influential litigation is. The legislative history of the laws to designate wilderness in the 1980s provides an object lesson. It demonstrates that litigation both pushed Congress to act and shaped the legislation Congress enacted. This is especially true of the watershed year of 1984. That year, Congress enacted more wilderness laws and added more wilderness areas to the National Wilderness Preservation System in more states than in any other year. The legislative history of the 1984 wilderness laws embedded in bills, hearings, committee meetings, committee reports, and floor proceedings, in conjunction with the legislative history of the various wilderness bills and laws considered, rejected, and passed from 1979 through 1983, reveal the significant impact a particular lawsuit had on Congress in 1984 and beyond. Specifically, a lawsuit grounded in the National Environmental Policy Act, taking advantage of a powerful precedent, prompted the preservation of the wilderness character of millions of acres of public land. To be precise: The lawsuit impelled Congress to designate more than 9.171 million acres in twenty-three states as wilderness from 1984 through 1989. Of that number, more than 7.335 million acres are managed by the U.S. Department of Agriculture through the Forest Service; more than 1.835 million acres are managed by the U.S. Department of the Interior through the Bureau of Land Management and the National Park Service. This article uses legislative history to demonstrate how a strategic lawsuit sparked congressional action. It traces the litigation engendered by the Forest Service’s decision regarding roadless areas in national forests and the evolution of Congress’s response to that litigation, from the first lawsuit filed in 1979 to the last filed in 1983. In the process, it shows how legislative history can illuminate the underlying causes and policy choices that lead to legislation.
The Secrets We Keep…: Encryption and the Struggle for Software Vulnerability Disclosure Reform
Authors: Williams Ian
Published: March 2022

Vulnerabilities within pieces of software can expose otherwise secure data to outside parties. Such vulnerabilities are exploited not just by malicious actors looking to exploit secured data for criminal reasons, but also by law enforcement and intelligence agencies. Government agencies have cultivated vulnerabilities as investigative tools and cyber weapons, and at times keep the vulnerabilities they have discovered secret from both the companies that produced the software and the consumers who rely upon it. While the US Government has created a vulnerability disclosure system to help decide when to keep a vulnerability secret, it does not do enough to balance the government’s national security and law enforcement interests with the data security interests of the public. As debates over government access to encrypted data continue, a strong legal framework for deciding when and how government actors can keep vulnerabilities secret must be established.
Antitrust Overreach: Undoing Cooperative Standardization in the Digital Economy
Authors: Barnett Jonathan
Published: March 2022

Information technology markets in general and wireless communications markets, in particular, rely on standardization mechanisms to develop interoperable devices for data processing, storage, and transmission. From 2G through the emergent 5G standard, wireless communications markets have largely achieved standardization through cooperative multi-firm arrangements that likely outperform the historically dominant alternatives of government monopoly, which is subject to informational deficits and regulatory capture, and private monopoly, which suffers from pricing and other distortions inherent to protected market positions. This cooperative process has successfully relied on three key legal elements: reasonably secure patents, quasi-contractual licensing commitments supplemented by reputation effects, and targeted application of antitrust safeguards against collusion risk. Over approximately the past decade, antitrust agencies and courts in the U.S., Europe and Asia have taken actions that threaten this legal infrastructure by limiting patentees’ ability to seek injunctive relief, adopting rigid understandings of “fair, reasonable and non-discriminatory” licensing principles, and addressing collusion risk among licensors-innovators while overlooking (and even exacerbating) collusion risk among licensees-implementers. These judicial and regulatory interventions in IP licensing markets shift value from firms and economies that specialize in generating innovations to firms and economies that specialize in integrating innovations into end-user products. These entity-level and country-level redistributive effects are illustrated by lobbying activities in the wireless communications markets and antitrust actions against IP licensors in jurisdictions that have substantial net IP deficits and are principally populated by IP licensees. Current antitrust policy promotes producers’ narrow interests in lower input costs while ignoring the broader public interest in preserving the cooperative standardization structures that have supported innovation and commercialization in the digital economy.
The Unified Patent Court and Patent Trolls in Europe
Authors: Tietz Jonathan
Published: March 2022

Healthy organisms inevitably produce cancer cells, and vibrant patent systems inevitably let bad patents slip through. These patents are harnessed by entities that leverage the uncertainty and expense of litigation to extract licenses from technological practitioners. Postissuance patent review (PIPR) has emerged as an invaluable errorcorrecting mechanism to prevent the socially harmful assertion of improperly issued patents. The United States, with the America Invents Act, established a new system for PIPR, expanding administrative routes to curtail bad patents. Europe is going a step further with the Unified Patent Court Agreement (UPCA). The UPCA enables a lowcost patent revocation action on a broad range of grounds and with a relaxed standing requirement. But this is an opt-in system with a loser-pays fee-shifting arrangement. Thus, although the structure of the Unified Patent Court (UPC) appears to be set up to facilitate efficient PIPR, the disincentives for opting in suggest that the UPC will be a less effective troll-fighting vehicle than expected. Indeed, patent trolls may simply opt for national patent systems.
Fibonacci Lacunary Ideal Convergence of Double Sequences in Intuitionistic Fuzzy Normed Linear Spaces
Authors: KİŞİ Ömer
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this article is to research the concept of Fibonacci lacunary ideal convergence of double sequences in intuitionistic fuzzy normed linear spaces (IFNS). Additionally, a new concept, called Fibonacci lacunary convergence, is examined. Also, Fibonacci lacunary I₂-limit points and Fibonacci lacunary I₂-cluster points for double sequences in IFNS have been defined and the significant results have been given. Additionally, Fibonacci lacunary Cauchy and Fibonacci lacunary I₂-Cauchy double sequences are worked.
Effect of some parameters on natural convection heat transfer in finned enclosures- a case study
Authors:   LGMD, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Polytechnic National School of Algiers, 10, Avenue Hassen Badi, El-Harrach, Algiers, Algeria, Attouchi M. T. , Larbi S. , Khelladi S.
Published: March 2022

In this study, we were interested in free convective heat transfer into cavities with finned surface. The hot horizontal bottom wall with attached fins was under variable (sinusoidal) surface temperature while the cold one, on the upper wall side, was kept at constant temperature. The vertical walls were adiabatic. The developed model is related to laminar natural convection airflow in a finned closed cavity. The considered Rayleigh numbers are in the interval 103 to 106 while the Prandtl number is 0.7. The finite volume method is used in solving the resulting equations. The developed numerical code is validated owing to benchmark solutions of De Vahl Davis and results reported by other authors. The results presented in this work are linked to the velocity distribution around the surfaces of the fins, the isothermal lines, the streamlines and local and average Nusselt numbers for various geometrical parameters. Special consideration is given to the effects of Rayleigh number, the variable surface hot temperature, the fins number and their length on the fluid flow patterns and heat transfer in square cavities.
Double-diffusive penetrative convection in a fluid overlying a porous layer
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, RV Institute of Technology and Management, Bangalore, India, Gangadharaiah Y. H. , Suma S. P. , Nagarathnamma H. , Chaya T. Y.
Published: March 2022

In the present study, the commencement of double-diffusive convection with an internal heat source is studied using a linear instability analysis. The system consists of a fluid layer on top of a porous layer saturated with the same fluid. The boundaries are insulating to temperature perturbations, and the regular perturbation technique is applied to obtain the Rayleigh number. The results of detailed stability characteristics are presented for crucial physical factors, such as thermal Rayleigh number, the inverse Lewis number, depth ratio, the solute Rayleigh number, and heat source strength.
Research Progress in Immunotherapy of NSCLC With EGFR-Sensitive Mutations
Authors: Yang Yudie , Zhang Xia , Gao Yajie , Dong Yan , Wang Di , Huang Yanping , Qu Tianhao , Fan Buqun , Li Qizheng , Zhang Chunxia , Cui Xiaonan , Zhang Bin
Published: March 2022

Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with high incidence and mortality across the world. The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors for lung cancer has improved the prognosis of some lung cancer patients to a greater extent and provided a new direction for the clinical treatment of lung cancer.
Immunotherapy still has limitations in terms of its appropriate population and adverse reactions. Particularly for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation, there has been no major breakthrough in current immunotherapy. Whether immunotherapy
can bring new benefits after drug resistance is induced by tyrosine kinase inhibitor-targeted therapy and whether the combination of immunotherapy with other treatments can improve the prognosis remain to be studied in depth. In this article, we provide a detailed review of the relevant characteristics
of the tumor microenvironment of NSCLC with EGFR mutation and the current research on immunotherapy for NSCLC with EGFR mutation.
Pengaruh Media Pembelajaran Multimedia Berbasis Flash Player Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Mata Pelajaran Fiqh Kelas V Di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Muhammadiyah 15 Banjarwati Paciran.
Authors: M. Chotibuddin
Published: March 2022

: The application of media in the learning process is one way that can be used to realize achievement and learning outcomes. Because learning media is one thing that absolutely exists in the learning process. Interactive multimedia-based learning is one source of learning based on Information and Communication Technology (ICT). The purpose of this research was to analyze the effect of flash player-based multimedia learning media on learning outcomes. Students in the fifth grade on Fiqh subject at MI Muhammadiyah 15 Banjarwati Paciran.The research design used is One Groups Pretest-Posttest Design with saturated sample sampling technique. The number of samples is 22.The results showed that the average prettest score (before being given the media) was (60.23) while the posttest average was (69.55). According to the t-test calculation, it was obtained tcount (5.52) > ttable (2,086), so it can be said that the flash player-based multimedia learning method is effective and significant on student learning outcomes in the subject matter of Hajj in the fifth grade at MI Muhammadiyah 15 banjarwati paciran for the academic year 2020/2021.This proves that there is difference between learning outcomes in Fiqh subjects on the subject matter of Hajj before and before using multimedia-based learning media using Adobe Flash.
Penerapan Mobile Journalism pada Live Report Pemilu Presiden Amerika Serikat dengan Memanfaatkan Fitur Live Instagram
Authors: Karunianingsih Diyah Ayu
Published: March 2022

Berita tentang pemilihan umum apalagi pemilu presiden selalu menjadi berita hard news yang manarik. Bukan hanya menarik bagi media dan jurnalis untuk meliput namun juga menarik bagi masyarakat. Hal ini karena pemilu presiden memiliki news valueyang tinggi, dan berdampak baik dalam skala nasional maupun global.
NURETTİN TOPÇU’NUN “İSYAN AHLÂKI” ESERİNE ÖZEL ATIFLA: ÖĞRETMEN VE ŞAHSİYET MİMARİSİ
Authors: BASAT Orhan
Published: March 2022

Sokrates’in Delf Mâbedi’ndeki “Kendini bil”, Yunus Emre’nin “İlim kendin bilmektir”, Hacı Bayram Veli’nin “sen seni bil, sen seni”, Hegel’in “kendini tanı” ifadeleri ve insanın tarih boyunca yaptığı bilme yolculuğunda ‘olması gereken’ eylemlerin neliğinin ardına düşen zihinlerin benzeri arayışlarında, yaşamın düşünceye konu yapılarak ideal bir evren/insan isteği ile iradeleri mayalama kişiyi; ‘acaba’ sözcüğüne, “ya yanılıyorsam” kritiğine aşina özne elinde şaşma’ya, hayrete, kendi tecrübesini ötekinin yaşanmışlığı ile mukayese ederek fidelenecek yeni yetkin/olgun bir insan özlemine ulaştıracak soruyu imler: Kimim ben?

Bu çalışmamızda Nurettin Topçu özelinde değeri görelilik-mutlaklık açmaz tartışmalarından sıyırarak, kişi eylemini (burada eğitici-öğretmen) tüm arka planıyla birlikte ele almayı; değer taşıyan varlığın (eğitici) değere konu eylemlerinin kişi-kişi, kişi-toplum ve kişi-evrensel insan ilişkileri içerisinde -ki bu ilişki bağlamsal olarak etik bir ilişkidir artık- anlamaya/bilmeye dönük olan, sonra bu bilme merkezli oluşturulmuş normatifliğin işaret ettiği değerlilerin belirlenmesinin izlerini sürmeyi ve en nihayetinde doğru eylemin hangi etik ilişkiler ve normlar içerebileceğini ele almayı deneyeceğiz.
OKUL ÖNCESİ ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN MÜLTECİ ÇOCUKLARIN EĞİTİM SÜRECİNDE KARŞILAŞTIKLARI SORUNLARA İLİŞKİN GÖRÜŞLERİ
Authors: ÖZORUÇ Nuhpelda , DİKİCİ SIĞIRTMAÇ Ayperi
Published: March 2022

Bu araştırmada sınıfında mülteci çocuk bulunan okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin eğitim süreci hakkındaki görüşlerini, yaşadıkları sorunları, sorunlara karşılık çözüm önerilerini, velilerin ve çocukların mülteci çocuklara yönelik tutumlarının ortaya çıkarılması amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden tek durum çalışması olarak desenlenmiştir. Amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden ölçüt örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını 11 okul öncesi öğretmeni oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmanın verileri; yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşmeler aracılığıyla toplanmıştır. Toplanan veriler içerik analizi yöntemiyle çözümlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, sınıfında mülteci çocuk bulunan okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin eğitim sürecindeki en temel problemi dil sorunudur. Dil sorunu mülteci çocuklarla ve velileriyle iletişim problemleri yaratmaktadır. Mülteci çocuklar eğitim sürecinde çoğunlukla mülteci akranlarıyla grup oyunları oynamaktadır. Sınıfında mülteci çocuk bulunan öğretmenlerin bazıları bu durumu avantaj olarak görürken bazıları yaşadıkları problemlerden dolayı dezavantaj olarak görmektedir. Öğretmenler sınıflarında yaşadıkları problem durumlarıyla baş etmek için; çocuk, veli ve öğretmenlere yönelik çözüm önerileri sunmuşlardır.
SALGIN SÜRECİNDE YAPILAN UZAKTAN EĞİTİMLERİN ÖĞRETMENLERİN PROFESYONEL GELİŞİMLERİNE ETKİSİNE İLİŞKİN GÖRÜŞLER
Authors: KARAEVLİ Özge , LEVENT Faruk
Published: March 2022

Bu araştırmada salgın sürecinde alınan uzaktan eğitimlerin öğretmenlerin profesyonel gelişimine etkilerinin öğretmen görüşlerine göre incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, nitel araştırma modelinde ve olgubilim araştırması olarak desenlenmiştir. Araştırmanın katılımcıları İstanbul’da, Milli Eğitim Bakanlığına bağlı olarak görev yapan ve öğretmenlere yönelik yapılan uzaktan eğitim çalışmalarına en az bir kez katılmış olma ölçütüne uygun, kolay ulaşılabilir öğretmenlerden oluşmuştur. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan ve açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan bir form yardımıyla çevrimiçi ortamda toplanmıştır. Araştırmaya katılmaya gönüllü olan 54 öğretmen soru formunu yanıtlayıp geri göndermiş ve ardından yapılan inceleme sonucunda analize uygun olduğu tespit edilen 46 form içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Öğretmenlerin görüşlerinin analizi sonucunda, yedi ana tema ve alt temalar ortaya çıkmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre öğretmenlerin profesyonel gelişimlerine yönelik katıldıkları uzaktan eğitimlerde bazı teknik problemler yaşamalarına rağmen genel olarak memnun oldukları görülmüştür. Araştırma kapsamında görüşleri alınan öğretmenlerin önemli bir kısmı, okul devam ederken mesai saatlerinden dolayı alamadıkları eğitimleri bu süreçte alabildiklerini belirterek bu süreci bir fırsat olarak değerlendirdiklerini ifade etmiştir.
ÖZEL GEREKSİNİMLİ ÇOCUĞA SAHİP AİLELERİN SALGIN DÖNEMİNDE GERÇEKLEŞTİRİLEN UZAKTAN EĞİTİM SÜRECİ HAKKINDAKİ GÖRÜŞLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: GÜRBÜZ Mehmet
Published: March 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı COVID-19 salgını döneminde yürütülen uzaktan eğitim süreci hakkında özel gereksinimi çocuğa sahip ailelerin görüşlerini ortaya koymaktır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma desenlerinden fenomenoloji kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu özel gereksinimleri çocuğa sahip 15 ebeveyn oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin analizinde içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre uzaktan eğitim sürecinin verimliliği, uzaktan eğitim sürecinde ebeveynlerin yaptığı faaliyetler, uzaktan eğitim sürecinde karşılaşılan sorunlar ve uzaktan eğitim sürecinde Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından verilen destekler temaları oluşmuştur. Araştırmaya katılan ebeveynler, uzaktan eğitim sürecinin verimli olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Uzaktan eğitim sürecinde karşılaşılan sorunlar ebeveynlerin karşılaştıkları sorunlar, çocukların karşılaştıkları sorunlar ve altyapı sorunları kodları altında toplanmaktadır. Bu dönemde ebeveynler ders etkinliklerinin yanı sıra video oyunları, film, spor gibi farklı türden etkinliklerin gerçekleştirdiklerini belirtmişlerdir. Ebeveynlerin EBA TV’de kendileri için hazırlanan bilgilendirici yayınlardan, EBA internet sitesindeki özel gereksinimli bireyler için hazırlanan etkinliklerden ve “Özelim Eğitimdeyim” adlı telefon uygulamasından haberdar oldukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
COVİD-19 PANDEMİ SÜRECİNDE ULUSLARARASI ÖRGÜTLERİN EĞİTİME İLİŞKİN REFLEKSLERİ İLE TÜRKİYE’DEKİ UYGULAMALARIN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI
Authors: TEMELLİ Dinçer
Published: March 2022

Tüm dünyada yaşanan pandemi süreci eğitim sürecini anlık bir kesintiye uğratması ile ülkelerin göstermiş olduğu reflekslerle eğitimin sürdürülebilir olması için çabalar ortaya konulmuştur. Bu süreçte çeşitli uluslararası kuruluşları, eğitim sürecinin sağlıklı bir şekilde yürütülebilmesi için tüm dünya ülkelerine çeşitli önerilerde bulunmuşlardır. Bu öneriler, eğitim politikaları, öğretmen ve öğrenci, uzaktan eğitim ve teknoloji başlıkları altında toplanmaktadır. Uluslararası örgütlerin önerileri incelendiğinde, eğitime ilişkin yaklaşımlarında benzer ve farklılıkların olduğu görülmektedir. Bu önerilerin benzer ve farklı yönleri bu araştırmada ortaya çıkarılmıştır. Aynı zamanda Türkiye’nin eğitim sürecindeki uygulamalarının bu örgütlerin ortaya koyduğu önerilerle ne ölçüde örtüştüğü incelenerek sunulmuştur. Sonuç itibari ile Türkiye Covid-19 salgını sürecinde ortaya çıkarılan yol haritalarının uluslararası örgütlerin önerileriyle örtüştüğü anlaşılmaktadır.
UbD TEMELLİ GELİŞİMSEL YAKLAŞIM UYGULAMALARININ MATEMATİK DERSİ ÖĞRENCİ BAŞARISINA ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: GÜRBÜZ Özge , KAHYA KOÇAK Fatma , YURTSEVEN Nihal
Published: March 2022

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ortaokul matematik öğretiminde UbD temelli gelişimsel yaklaşım uygulamalarının, matematik dersi öğrenci başarısı üzerindeki etkisini incelemektir. Araştırma, ön-test son-test kontrol gruplu deneysel desen ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 2018-2019 eğitim ve öğretim yılı güz döneminde İstanbul ili Bahçelievler ilçesinde bir devlet okulunda 5. Sınıfa devam eden 18’i deney, 18’i kontrol toplam 36 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Deney grubunda matematik dersleri UbD isimli öğretim tasarım modeli temel alınarak, gelişimsel yaklaşıma uygun hazırlanmış matematik dersi ünite planlarıyla devam ederken, kontrol grubuna herhangi bir müdahalede bulunulmamıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama aracı olarak matematik dersi başarı testi kullanılmıştır. Toplanan verilerin analizi bağımsız gruplarda t-testi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma sonunda, UbD temelli gelişimsel yaklaşım uygulamalarının gerçekleştiği deney grubu ile geleneksel öğretimin uygulandığı kontrol grubunun matematik dersi öğrenci başarısı arasında deney grubu lehine anlamlı farklılık olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen bu sonuç, UbD temelli öğretim planlama ve gelişimsel yaklaşım gibi uygulamaların, kalıcı ve anlamlı öğrenmenin sağlanmasında önemli birer araç olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.
PLACE OF METACOGNITION IN THE TURKISH NATIONAL CURRICULUM OF READING
Authors: OZTURK Nesrin
Published: March 2022

Abstract: Metacognition research has provided evidence for its beneficiary impacts on vocabulary, reading awareness, skills, comprehension, performance, and responsibility for learning. However, the realties between research and mainstream classrooms are not similar; students in mainstream classrooms may suffer from deficiency of metacognitive competencies for various reasons. The curriculum might be a potential reason for this problem. Therefore, via document analysis and thematic deductive coding, the national curriculum of Turkish language, specifically reading standards, were analysed to identify the place and weight of metacognition in this specific context. The analysis revealed that reading standards recognize metacognition and might help students develop metacognitive competencies to a limited extend. In its current form, standards can develop students’ metacognitive knowledge about text structures, genre, mechanics, and language use and they can also help students’ practice few planning strategies, couple of fix-up and/or comprehension strategies, and comprehension evaluation. Metacognitive experiences may provide students with opportunities to supplement limited metacognitive knowledge, regulation of strategies, and doing self-assessment by reasoning and/or critical thinking. It is important to revise the standards to include metacognitive knowledge about reading, self, strategies, and task and to have students practice self-assessment of reading process, effectiveness of strategies, reading products, and task completion or goal-achievement. It is also important for teacher education programs to include at least, elective classes for teaching metacognition, therefore, such standards can be realized, effectively.
CURRENT STATE, COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS AND PROPOSALS ON THE PRACTICE OF CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE REUSE AND RECYCLING IN PORTUGAL
Authors: Marinho António Joaquim Coelho , Couto João , Camões Aires
Published: March 2022

The traditional method of construction and demolition waste (CDW) consumes a substantial amount of land resources causing severe environmental and social problems. In Portugal, the low recycling rate, combined with a high use of landfill as a way of managing CDW, has resulted in a negative index of 39% in the waste hierarchy, thus making it impossible for Portugal to be classified as a country that implements waste hierarchy in practice. The main goal of this study is to investigate the benefits of CDW reuse and recycling and the factors that promote or hinder this practice in Portugal. Therefore, a comprehensive approach has been adopted by combining the analysis of secondary data collected through extensive bibliography research with the results of a survey by questionnaire conducted on a group of experts in CDW management. It was concluded that the main method of CDW management consists of its disposal in licensed landfills (47%), and the rate of CDW reuse on site is still low (6%). The results show a high consistency between the respondents’ answers, as well as consistency between the opinions of these participants from different areas of professional activity. The respondents do recognize a concern regarding the reduction of carbon emissions, as well as a cultural resistance to materials or buildings that use CDW. These problems are further compounded by the difficulty in installing or supporting recycling equipment for CDW reuse on site. Respondents agree that there should be more investment and support from the government in this area, as well as in the training of construction companies.
Flares, Rotation, and Planets of the AU Mic System from TESS Observations
Authors: Gilbert Emily A. , Barclay Thomas , Quintana Elisa V. , Walkowicz Lucianne M. , Vega Laura D. , Schlieder Joshua E. , Monsue Teresa , Cale Bryson L. , Collins Kevin I. , Gaidos Eric , El Mufti Mohammed , Reefe Michael A. , Plavchan Peter , Tanner Angelle , Wittenmyer Robert A. , Wittrock Justin M. , Jenkins Jon M. , Latham David W. , Ricker George R. , Rose Mark E. , Seager S. , Vanderspek Roland K. , Winn Joshua N.
Published: March 2022

AU Mic is a young (∼24 Myr), pre-main-sequence M dwarf star that was observed in the first month of science observations of the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and reobserved 2 years later. This target has photometric variability from a variety of sources that is readily apparent in the TESS light curves; spots induce modulation in the light curve, flares are present throughout (manifesting as sharp rises with slow exponential decay phases), and transits of AU Mic b may be seen by eye as dips in the light curve. We present a combined analysis of both TESS Sector 1 and Sector 27 AU Mic light curves including the new 20 s cadence data from TESS Year 3. We compare flare rates between both observations and analyze the spot evolution, showing that the activity levels increase slightly from Sector 1 to Sector 27. Furthermore, the 20 s data collection allows us to detect more flares, smaller flares, and better resolve flare morphology in white light as compared to the 2 minute data collection mode. We also refine the parameters for AU Mic b by fitting three additional transits of AU Mic b from Sector 27 using a model that includes stellar activity. We show that the transits exhibit clear transit timing variations with an amplitude of ∼80 s. We also detect three transits of a 2.8 R
⊕ planet, AU Mic c, which has a period of 18.86 days.
The Evolution of AGN Activity in Brightest Cluster Galaxies
Authors: Somboonpanyakul T. , McDonald M. , Noble A. , Aguena M. , Allam S. , Amon A. , Andrade-Oliveira F. , Bacon D. , Bayliss M. B. , Bertin E. , Bhargava S. , Brooks D. , Buckley-Geer E. , Burke D. L. , Calzadilla M. , Canning R. , Carnero Rosell A. , Carrasco Kind M. , Carretero J. , Costanzi M. , da Costa L. N. , Pereira M. E. S. , De Vicente J. , Doel P. , Eisenhardt P. , Everett S. , Evrard A. E. , Ferrero I. , Flaugher B. , Floyd B. , García-Bellido J. , Gaztanaga E. , Gerdes D. W. , Gonzalez A. , Gruen D. , Gruendl R. A. , Gschwend J. , Gupta N. , Gutierrez G. , Hinton S. R. , Hollowood D. L. , Honscheid K. , Hoyle B. , James D. J. , Jeltema T. , Khullar G. , Kim K. J. , Klein M. , Kuehn K. , Lima M. , Maia M. A. G. , Marshall J. L. , Martini P. , Melchior P. , Menanteau F. , Miquel R. , Mohr J. J. , Morgan R. , Ogando R. L. C. , Palmese A. , Paz-Chinchón F. , Pieres A. , Plazas Malagón A. A. , Reil K. , Romer A. K. , Ruppin F. , Sanchez E. , Saro A. , Scarpine V. , Schubnell M. , Serrano S. , Sevilla-Noarbe I. , Singh P. , Smith M. , Soares-Santos M. , Strazzullo V. , Suchyta E. , Swanson M. E. C. , Tarle G. , To C. , Tucker D. L. , Wilkinson R. D.
Published: March 2022

We present the results of an analysis of Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE) observations of the full 2500 deg2 South Pole Telescope (SPT)-Sunyaev–Zel’dovich cluster sample. We describe a process for identifying active galactic nuclei (AGN) in brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) based on WISE mid-IR color and redshift. Applying this technique to the BCGs of the SPT-SZ sample, we calculate the AGN-hosting BCG fraction, which is defined as the fraction of BCGs hosting bright central AGNs over all possible BCGs. Assuming an evolving single-burst stellar population model, we find statistically significant evidence (>99.9%) for a mid-IR excess at high redshift compared to low redshift, suggesting that the fraction of AGN-hosting BCGs increases with redshift over the range of 0 < z < 1.3. The best-fit redshift trend of the AGN-hosting BCG fraction has the form (1 + z)4.1±1.0. These results are consistent with previous studies in galaxy clusters as well as as in field galaxies. One way to explain this result is that member galaxies at high redshift tend to have more cold gas. While BCGs in nearby galaxy clusters grow mostly by dry mergers with cluster members, leading to no increase in AGN activity, BCGs at high redshift could primarily merge with gas-rich satellites, providing fuel for feeding AGNs. If this observed increase in AGN activity is linked to gas-rich mergers rather than ICM cooling, we would expect to see an increase in scatter in the P
cav versus L
cool relation at z > 1. Last, this work confirms that the runaway cooling phase, as predicted by the classical cooling-flow model, in the Phoenix cluster is extremely rare and most BCGs have low (relative to Eddington) black hole accretion rates.
Can Stellar-mass Black Hole Growth Disrupt Disks of Active Galactic Nuclei? The Role of Mechanical Feedback
Authors: Tagawa Hiromichi , Kimura Shigeo S. , Haiman Zoltán , Perna Rosalba , Tanaka Hidekazu , Bartos Imre
Published: March 2022

Stellar-mass BHs (sBHs) are predicted to be embedded in active galactic nucleus (AGN) disks owing to gravitational drag and in situ star formation. However, we find that, due to a high gas density in an AGN disk environment, compact objects may rapidly grow to intermediate-mass BHs and deplete matter from the AGN disk unless accretion is suppressed by some feedback process(es). These consequences are inconsistent with AGN observations and the dynamics of the Galactic center. Here we consider mechanical feedback mechanisms for the reduction of gas accretion. Rapidly accreting sBHs launch winds and/or jets via the Blandford–Znajek mechanism, which produce high-pressure shocks and cocoons. Such a shock and cocoon can spread laterally in the plane of the disk, eject the outer regions of a circum-sBH disk (CsBD), and puncture a hole in the AGN disk with horizontal size comparable to the disk scale height. Since the depletion timescale of the bound CsBD is much shorter than the resupply timescale of gas to the sBH, the time-averaged accretion rate onto sBHs is reduced by this process by a factor of ∼10–100. This feedback mechanism can therefore help alleviate the sBH overgrowth and AGN disk depletion problems. On the other hand, we find that cocoons of jets can unbind a large fraction of the gas accreting in the disks of less massive supermassive BHs (SMBHs), which may help explain the dearth of high-Eddington-ratio AGNs with SMBH mass ≲ 105
M
⊙.
Constraining the Baryon Loading Factor of AGN Jets: Implication from the γ-Ray Emission of the Coma Cluster
Authors: Shi Xin-Yue , Zhang Yi , Liu Ruo-Yu , Wang Xiang-Yu
Published: March 2022

High-energy cosmic rays (CRs) can be accelerated in the relativistic jets of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) powered by supermassive black holes. The baryon loading efficiency onto relativistic CR baryons from the accreting black holes is poorly constrained by observations so far. In this paper, we suggest that the γ-ray emission of galaxy clusters can be used to study the baryon loading factor of AGN jets, since CRs injected by AGN jets are completely confined in the galaxy clusters and sufficiently interact with the intracluster medium via a hadronic process, producing diffuse γ-rays. We study the propagation of CRs in the galaxy clusters and calculate the radial distribution of the γ-rays in the galaxy cluster with different injection rates from AGNs. By comparison with the γ-ray flux and upper limits of the Coma cluster measured by Fermi-LAT and VERITAS, we find the upper limit of the average baryon loading factor (defined as the efficiency with which the gravitational energy is converted into relativistic particles) to be η

p,grav < 0.1. The upper limit is much lower than that required to account for diffuse neutrino flux in the conventional blazar models.