bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Features of the Development of the Health Care System in Megacity
Authors: Масленникова А.В. , Новопашин К.Г.
Published: April 2023

Рассматривается современная организация системы здравоохранения в мегаполисах на примере г. Москвы. На основе официальной статистики, характеризующей развитие системы здравоохранения в Москве, исследован процесс внедрения цифровых технологий, определены достоинства и недостатки цифровизации системы управления и учреждений здравоохранения.

The article discusses the modern organization of the healthcare system in megacities using the example of the city of Moscow. On the basis of offi cial statistics characterizing the development of the healthcare system in the city of Moscow, the process of introducing digital technologies has been studied, the advantages and disadvantages of digitalization of the management system and healthcare institutions have been identified.
Legal Regulation of Medical Organizations’ Entrepreneurial Activity: Problems and Restrictions
Authors: Хрячков А.Д.
Published: April 2023

Рассматриваются вопросы правового регулирования деятельности медицинских организаций. Проведен анализ действующего отечественного законодательства, уделено внимание рассмотрению ограничений, устанавливаемых для частных медицинских организаций. Выявлены основные проблемные аспекты в соответствующей сфере.

The article addresses the legal regulation of the activities of medical organizations. The analysis of the current domestic legislation is carried out, attention is paid to the consideration of restrictions imposed on private medical organizations. The article identifies the main problematic aspects in the legal regulation in this field.
2015 Revised Curriculum Development of Elementary Social Studies Veterans Education Status and Learning-Related Activity Program
Authors:   The Korea Association of Yeolin Education, Jung Dajin
Published: April 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyze the current status of social studies and veterans education in the 2015 revised curriculum and to develop learning activity programs linked to the curriculum. Specifically, it presents the direction of veterans education that can cultivate both knowledge, skills, values, and attitudes from a social and historical perspective. In consideration of social and historical perspectives, the learning topics related to veterans are linked to the social studies curriculum. In addition, by analyzing and organizing the current status of veterans education, a learning-linked activity program that considers the characteristics of the grade is developed. Accordingly, a regional-centered learning-linked activity program was developed for 3rd and 4th graders, as well as an experience-oriented learning-linked activity program for the 5th and 6th graders. Specific teaching and learning materials of the developed learning-linked activity programs are presented to provide materials that can be used as a reference when teachers select or plan veterans' classes. By deriving the positive effects of the learning-linked activity program developed in this study, the importance of the learning-linked activity program that utilizes the approach to veterans education from a social and historical perspective is raised. The development of learning programs for efficient veterans education remains a consistent research task.
Politics of Institutional Change and Democratization of Political Parties from the Perspective of Political Education
Authors:   The Korea Association of Yeolin Education, Yu Kyungha
Published: April 2023

This paper examines changes in the political parties and elections in terms of conflict and competition among various issues of political reform in Korea after democratization. The purpose is to examine the processes and political results. The reason for paying attention to these trends is to prepare a basis for review and evaluation of the extent to which political party institutional changes are responding to party democratization demands. If so, has the introduction of the national participation contest system reached a satisfactory level in terms of party democratization compared to before the introduction of the system? Did these institutional changs, which introduced an open candidate selection system called the ‘People’s Participation Competition’, bring about the democratization of political results? As a result of the analysis based on this awareness of the problem, it could be evaluated that each party achieved what they intended, especially in terms of representativeness. However, in terms of participation and responsiveness, it is confirmed that the results did not meet the expectations of the Korean political parties at the time of the introduction of the national primary system. In the case of participation, such a result was supported by low turnouts in the primaries, and in the case of responsiveness, unintended results were also supported through phenomena such as the weakening of the party's unity and the withdrawal of interest among candidates after participating in the primary. What should be noted is that the two aspects of participation and responsiveness are closely related to changes in the new environment in the Korean political process. In conclusion, we discussed what tasks can be presented from the perspective of democratization of political parties, and also considered how the political development of Korea through changes in the political system affects political education.
Patterns of salivary gland lesions on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC)
Authors: Gupta Chhavi , Gupta Rajat
Published: April 2023

A diverse range of inflammatory, cystic and neoplastic processes affect salivary glands.Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a reliable tool for evaluation of salivary gland lesions.

To analyse the cytomorphological features of salivary gland lesions and to assess the frequency of distribution of these lesions.

It was an observational study conducted in the Department of Pathology, Govt. Medical College, Jammu. FNAC was performed on patients presenting with salivary gland swelling. May-Grunwald-Giemsa (MGG) and Papanicolaou (PAP) stained smears were examined under light microscope. The cytomorphological features were analysed and diagnosis was made.

There were 65 cases which included 31 (47.7%) males and 34 (52.3%) females. The mean age of patients was 42.96 years. On microscopic examination, neoplastic lesions were 35 (53.8%) and non neoplastic lesions were 30 (46.2%). Pleomorphic adenoma was the most common benign neoplastic lesion and also was the most frequently diagnosed lesion in our study (21, 32.3%). Mucoepidermoid carcinoma cases were maximum among malignant lesions (4, 6.2%). Parotid gland was involved in majority of cases.

FNAC is a simple, rapid, reliable tool for the evaluation of salivary gland lesions thereby helping clinicians in deciding the further management plan.
Detection of macular ganglion cell complex loss and correlation with choroidal thickness in chronic and recurrent central serous chorioretinopathy
Authors:   Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300000, China, Liu Yang-Chen , Wang Yan ,   Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300000, China; Nankai Eye Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China, Chen Song ,   Clinical College of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin Key Lab of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Nankai University Affiliated Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300000, China
Published: April 2023

AIM: To investigate the association of ganglion cell complex thickness (GCCt), global loss volume percentage (GLV%), and focal loss volume percentage (FLV%) with structural and functional findings among patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy (CCSC) and recurrent central serous chorioretinopathy (RCSC) by optical coherence tomography (OCT).
METHODS: Among 29 patients with monocular affected central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC), 15 had CCSC, and 14 had RCSC. The GCCt, FLV%, GLV%, and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and sublesional choroidal thickness (SLCT) values were determined using OCT, and the association of these characteristics with neural structure parameters, choroidal morphology, features and functional alterations were estimated for the CCSC and RCSC patients.
RESULTS: In CCSC, the affected eyes had significantly lower GCCt values than the fellow eyes in the macular regions (all P<0.05), with the highest GCCt observed in the inferior area. A significant association was found between the GCCt in different regions and the change in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA; r=-0.696; -0.695; -0.694, P<0.05) in CCSC patients. A statistically significant moderate negative correlation indicated that long-term CCSC was associated with greater differences in the GCCt in different regions between affected and fellow eyes (r=-0.562; r=-0.556; r=0.525, P<0.05). Additionally, observation of thickened SFCT was associated with a worse FLV% (r=0.599; r=0.546, P<0.05) in both groups. Similarly, thickened SLCT was associated with FLV% in RCSC patients (r=0.544, P<0.05).
CONCLUSION: The distribution and GCCt are associated with the duration and visual outcomes of CCSC, whereas there is no correlation among RCSC patients. FLV% may be instrumental in differentiating the various outer choroidal vessels (pachyvessels) in long-term CSC. These results suggest that neural structure parameters may aid in estimating and predicting the recovery of altered morphology and function in CCSC and RCSC patients.
Development of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Questionnaire for age-related macular degeneration patients
Authors:   Optometry and Vision Science Programme, Center for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies (iCaRehab), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 53000, Malaysia, Rahman Mohd Harimi Abd , Sharanjeet-Kaur Sharanjeet ,   Optometry and Vision Science Programme, Center for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies (iCaRehab), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 53000, Malaysia, Narayanasamy Sumithira ,   Optometry and Vision Science Programme, Center for Community Health Studies (Reach), Faculty of Health Sciences, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 53000, Malaysia, Rasdi Hanif Farhan Mohd ,   Occupational Therapy Programme, Center for Rehabilitation and Special Needs Studies (iCaRehab), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 53000, Malaysia, Bastion Mae-Lynn Catherine ,   Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
Published: April 2023

AIM: To develop and validate a questionnaire to evaluate knowledge, attitude and practice of patients diagnosed with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) who have undergone intravitreal injection treatment.
METHODS: This study was conducted among patients diagnosed with AMD in Kuala Lumpur. The generation of the instrument included four phases which included item and domains development, content, face validity and exploratory factor analysis. Content validity and modified Kappa was used for validation of knowledge domain. Exploratory factor analysis was used for validation of both attitude and practice domains. Face validity was conducted in 12 patients, content validity was ascertained in 120 patients and test-retest reliability was determined in 39 patients with AMD.
RESULTS: Content validity index (CVI) and modified kappa showed excellent values for most items in the knowledge domain with CVI for item (I-CVI) values between 0.78-1.0 and Kappa values of >0.74. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) sampling adequacy showed acceptable scores of 0.70 and 0.75 for both attitude and practice domains respectively and Bartlett’s Test of sphericity were significant (χ2=0.00, P<0.001). Factor analysis resulted in five factors with thirty items for attitude domain and four factors with twenty items for practice domain. The Cronbach’s alpha showed acceptable values for all items in knowledge, attitude and practice domain with values >0.70 and good test-retest reliability. The final version of the questionnaire consisted of 93 items from four sections consisting of demographic details, knowledge, attitude and practice.
CONCLUSION: The findings of this validation and reliability study show that the developed questionnaire has a satisfactory psychometric property for measuring KAP of patients diagnosed with AMD undergoing intravitreal injection treatment.
Aplikasi Penyalut Berbahan Tepung Lidah Buaya untuk Mempertahankan Mutu Bunga Edibel
Authors: Darmawati Emmy , Ayu Hakim Adinda Putri
Published: April 2023

Edible flower is a flower that is safe for consumption both in fresh and processed form. In fresh form, edible flowers are used as garnishes or food decorations and a unique flavor enhancer. Kenikir (Cosmos sulphureus) is one of the edible flowers that are safe for consumption in fresh form. However, in fresh condition, flowers are easily damaged so that their market share is limited. Coating using aloe vera, which can hold moisture while having antimicrobial properties, is a method to maintain flower freshness. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of aloe vera coating application to maintain the quality of kenikir as a fresh edible flower. The experimental design used was a two-factor completely randomized design with the first factor being the concentration of aloe vera flour (0.5% and 1%) and the second factor being spray frequency (1 application and 2 applications). Quality parameters measured during storage were respiration rate, weight loss, moisture content, and color. The results showed that the coating with the L2S2 formulation (1% aloe vera flour concentration with 2 applications) was the best treatment with a weight loss value of 7.3%, water content 82.57%, respiration rate 898.99 ml kg-1 hour-1, and has the highest brightness value. Based on these parameters, the L2S2 treatment could maintain the quality of kenikir as fresh edible flowers for up to 5 days compared to the control, which lasted 2 days at 10°C storage temperature.

 

Keywords: aloe vera powder, coat spraying, Cosmos sulphureus, edible flower, kenikir flower
Daya Saing Biji Pala Indonesia di Pasar Internasional
Authors: Samhina Lina , Nurmalina Rita , Tinaprilla Netti
Published: April 2023

Indonesia is a nutmeg exporter with the highest export value during 2012‒2020. However, the growth of Indonesia's export value is lower than its competitors. Therefore, to maintain its position as a major exporter, it is important to know its competitiveness. This study aims to explain the competitiveness of Indonesian nutmeg in the world and in ten export destinations. In addition, this study was conducted to analyze the competitive position in the export destination market. The study uses secondary data from UN Comtrade. The data are Indonesian export values of whole and powdered nutmeg in the international market and in ten destination countries during 2012‒2020. The data were processed using revealed comparative advantage (RCA) and dynamic revealed comparative advantage (DRCA) analysis. The results showed that Indonesian whole and powdered nutmeg were competitive in the world market. However, the competitiveness is lower than nutmeg competitiveness of Sri Lanka. Indonesian nutmegs in ten destination markets are also competitive, with the highest competitiveness being in Italy and Germany. Nevertheless, the always positive growth of competitiveness from two products occurred in Japan, thus make Japan's competitive position in rising star during the period of 2018‒2020. Increasing the competitiveness of nutmeg can be done by increasing the export value of the product through regulations by the government regarding post-harvest handling so that there is only a small amount of aflatoxin. In addition, the government can more focus on increasing exports to Japan.

 

Keywords: competitiveness, dynamic revealed comparative advantage, revealed comparative advantage, nutmeg
Perubahan Morfofisiologis Tanaman Terung pada Kondisi Muka Air Tanah Dangkal dan Tergenang di Fase Generatif
Authors: Mei Meihana , Siaga Erna , Lakitan Benyamin
Published: April 2023

Under suboptimal conditions, plants generally respond differently to survive. Plant responses include changes in morphology, anatomy, and physiology. This study aimed to investigate the response of eggplant to lack of oxygen due to shallow water table and waterlogging in the generative stage and explored their adaptability to be cultivated in riparian wetlands. This research was conducted from October 2017 to January 2018 in an experimental pond in the village of Demang Lebar Daun Palembang and at the Postgraduate Integrated Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University, Palembang. This study used a randomized block design with a shallow water table and waterlogging treatments: control (field capacity), water tables of 13 cm, 8 cm, and 3 cm below the soil surface (bss), and waterlogging 2 cm above the soil surface. The results showed that the water table 3 cm bss and waterlogging decreased the relative rate of leaf expansion, specific leaf fresh weight, and specific leaf water content. On the sixth day of the waterlogging treatment, the chlorophyll content decreased by 31.29%. On the other hand, the proline content in the leaves reached the highest level of concentration. After the sixth day, the chlorophyll content increased while the proline content decreased, and the eggplant recovered. Water table 3 cm bss and waterlogging caused the formation of aerenchyma tissue in the roots, which started one day after the treatment. Eggplant is an adaptive crop with a fairly high tolerance for shallow water tables and waterlogging.

 

Keywords: adaptation, aerenchyma, proline, riparian wetland, tolerance
Optimisasi Pemanfaatan Pupuk Vermikompos dalam Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Jagung di Tanah Entisol Pesisir Pantai
Authors: Riwandi Riwandi , Hasanudin Hasanudin , Anandyawati Anandyawati , Prameswari Wuri
Published: April 2023

Entisol has poor physical, chemical, and biological properties that limit the growth and yield of maize. This study aimed to obtain the correct dose of vermicompost to increase the growth and yield of maize on Entisols. The research was arranged using Randomized Block Design, consisted of 7 treatment doses of vermicompost fertilizer (0; 2.5; 5; 7.5; 10; 12.5; and 15 Mg ha-1 and 4 re;plications. The results showed that the dose of vermicompost significantly affected the growth and yield of maize in coastal entisol soils. The dose of 10 Mg ha-1 was the best on plant height, leaf number, fresh weight, plant dry weight, shoot fresh weight, fresh root weight, and shoot and root dry weight. Meanwhile, the dose of 12.5 Mg ha-1 produced the best maize yields for the fresh weight of husked ear per plant, fresh weight of unhusked ear per plant, and dry grain weight per plant, namely, 322.75 g, 286.66 g, and 173.4 g, respectively. The best results of fresh weight of husked ear per plot, fresh weight of unhusked ear per plot, and dry grain weight per plot were achieved by vermicomposting of 15 Mg ha-1, which were 11.28 kg, 9.72 kg, and 5.94 kg, respectively. 

 

Keywords: coastal, Entisol, maize, vermicompost, yield
Pendapatan Usahatani Cabai Merah Berdasarkan Musim di Provinsi Jawa Tengah
Authors: Royun Nuha Muhammad , Andita Putri Tursina , Dwi Utami Anisa
Published: April 2023

The difference in seasonality in the red chili farming business affects the allocation of the use of production factors and the availability of its supply in the market, which is suspected to affect the cost structure and revenue of the farming business. This study aims to calculate the cost structure, revenue, and earnings of red chili farming businesses in the dry and wet seasons in Central Java Province. Data was collected from the 2013 Agricultural Census: 2014 Horticultural Crop Business Household Survey and a 2535 red chili farmers sample. The methods used include the analysis on income, cost and revenue structure, revenue, R/C ratio, and Mann-Whitney differential test. The results showed that the cash and overall costs of farming red chili in the dry season were higher than in the wet season. So are the total and cash revenues. Farming in the dry season is more profitable in terms of cash income, net farm income, R/C ratio, return to total capital, and return to land, which is higher than in the wet season. The results of the Mann-Whitney difference test showed a significant difference in the income factors and R/C ratio of the red chili farm business in the two seasons.

 

Keywords: cost structure, income, R/C ratio, red chili, season
Preventing school bullying: Examining the association between classroom management, classroom climate, and relational aggression and victimization
Authors: Yu Shi , Singh Soon Singh Bikar
Published: April 2023

This research aims to examine the relationship between classroom management, classroom climate, and relational aggression and victimization in high school students. A total of 42 teachers and 2168 students from 5 high schools in Shenzhen, China participated in the study. Teachers completed a classroom management style scale, while students answered a questionnaire based on relational aggression peer-nomination and a relational victimization experience scale. Data was analyzed using correlation and multiple regression analysis. The study found no significant correlation between teachers’ management style and levels of relational aggression and victimization. However, there was a positive correlation between teachers’ sympathy for the victim of relational aggression and the levels of relational aggression in the classroom. Teachers’ attitudes towards relational aggression predicted the level of relational victimization, but not the level of relational aggression. Teachers’ handling strategies did not predict the levels of relational aggression and victimization. Support from classmates and solidarity were negatively correlated with relational aggression and victimization. The results suggest that teachers’ attitudes towards relational aggression play an important role in predicting levels of relational victimization. Teacher sympathy for the victim of relational aggression may inadvertently reinforce the behavior. The study highlights the importance of creating a supportive classroom climate and promoting solidarity among students to reduce relational aggression and victimization. Teachers can be trained to recognize and address relational aggression, and to create a positive and supportive classroom climate. Strategies promoting peer support and solidarity may help to reduce levels of relational aggression and victimization.
Electrochemical reduction of multilayer graphene oxide in alkaline electrolyte
Authors:   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Brudnik Sergei V. , Yakovlev Andrei V. ,   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Yakovleva Elena V. ,   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Alferov Andrei A. ,   Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Tseluikin Vitalii N. ,   Engels Technological Institute (Branch), Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, Mostovoy Anton S. ,   Engels Technological Institute (Branch), Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov
Published: April 2023

The results of the study of the electrochemical reduction of multilayer graphene oxide in the potentiostatic mode are presented and the possibility of using alkaline electrolyte (KOH) with the concentration below 0.1 M is shown. The identification of the electrochemically reduced graphene oxide was carried out using the XRD, FTIR and Raman-spectroscopy methods. Applying the method of Raman spectroscopy the increase in the intensity of the G and 2D bands, indicating the formation of few-layer forms of reduced graphene oxide was found. The surface morphology of the electrochemically reduced graphene oxide was studied by means of the SEM method.
Lithofacies interpretation at the upper part of the Pokurskaya formation in the Cenomanian succession, the north of the West Siberian Basin
Authors:   Kazan Federal University, Damascus University, Nosheen Mohammad , Nadia Hamada ,   Kazan Federal University, Damascus University
Published: April 2023

The lithofacies of the Cenomanian succession within a gas field in the north of the West Siberian basin were studied using well log information especially spontaneous potential log to determine the lithostratigraphy, hydrodynamic characteristics, possible reservoir sands and depositional environment of the study area for opportunities that will support the exploration program. Geophysical well logs from six profile wells were used for this study. The lithostratigraphic model and sequence-stratigraphic frame were developed using spontaneous potential log curves to identify lithic units like sand, silt and mud. The depositional environments penetrated by the wells interpreted from log signatures gave four main types of lithofacies: Foreshore, Regressive Shoreface; Transgressive Shoreface; Discontinuous Currents were recognized from the stacking patterns of the spontaneous potential curves by modified electro facies classification. The stratigraphic column of the wells was subdivided into parasequences composing four sequences within the regional stratigraphic trend.
The biogenic component of the Middle Turonian phosphorite horizon from the Senomanskaya Stenkasection.Paper 2.Biostratinomical analysis
Authors:   Saratov State University, Pervushov Evgeny M.
Published: April 2023

The paper presents biostratinomicalcharacteristics of the Cenomanian and the Turonian fossilcomplexes found in theMiddle Turonian phosphorite horizon from the Senomanskaya Stenka section (Volgograd region, Zhirnovsk district) constituting the basis of the benthic colonies and nekton communities. Probable interpretations for the settings contributory to generation of the phosphorite inclusion clusters are provided.
Medico-geographical analysis of the incidence of colorectal cancer
Authors:   Saratov State Medical University named after V. I. Razumovskiy, Konopatskova Olga M. , Makarov Vladimir Z. ,   Saratov State University, Evdokimov Germogen M. ,   Saratov State Medical University named after V. I. Razumovskiy, Reshetarova Daniella A. ,   Saratov State University, Kustodov Sergey V. ,   Saratov State Medical University named after V. I. Razumovskiy, Cerchinceva Elena A. ,   State Healthcare Institution “Regional Clinical Oncological Dispensary”
Published: April 2023

The article discusses the issues of territorial prevalence of colorectal cancer in Saratov. A statistical analysis of morbidity and an oncogeographical analysis of urban landscape sites were carried out. The study of the regional features of the spread of this pathology, taking into account risk factors, will help in the development of the direction for the active search for patients.
Theresults of the probabilistic correlation analysis of geological and geophysical data on the territory of the Scythian and Pre-Caspian morphological structures to assess the prospects of oil and gas-bearing areas
Authors:   Pushkov Institute of Terrestrial Magnetism, Ionosphere and Radio Wave Propagation of Russian Academy of Sciences, Kharitonov Andrey L.
Published: April 2023

The articleconsiders method application results ofcorrelation analysis of gravitational and magnetic field data, heat flux values, data of decoding satellite images measured in the regions of the Pre-Caspian and Scythian large concentric morphological structures of the central type. As a result, using the correlation method, a complex of various geophysical fields in these regions was analyzed. Local concentric morphological structures with high values of the gravitational field and heat flow promising for the search of new oil and gas fields were identified.
Assessment of future Central African air temperatures under the CMIP5 and CMIP6 project scenarios
Authors:   Russian State Hydrometeorological University, Tokpa Mami Magbini , Lobanov Vladimir A. ,   Russian State Hydrometeorological University, Korotkova Nadezhda V. ,   Saratov State University
Published: April 2023

Based on the results of the historical experiment of the CMIP5 and CMIP6 projects, the effectiveness of the scenario estimates (RCP/SSP1 2.6, RCP/SSP2 4.5 and RCP/SSP5 8.5) of the future air temperature for Central Africa for the IPSL and BCC global climate models is evaluated and the simulation results of these projects are compared with each other and with the observations of meteorological stations in the region, both for the historical experimental period and with the observations of recent years for the implementation of future climate projections. Based on historical experiment and future evaluations over the past 16 years, it has been determined that the CMIP6 project model versions are no more effective than the CMIP5 results when compared with observational data. Due to the fact that the differences between observational and modeling data are systematic, the results of scenario estimates were adjusted according to the principle of similarity of temperature growth rates for the historical observation period and the future scenario period untilthe end ofthe 21stcentury,which is divided into 3 intervalsfor estimating average values: 2011–2040, 2041–2070 and 2071–2100. Future air temperatures in Central Africawere estimated both forthe average values fortheterritory and forthetemperatures of individualweatherstations based on the adjusted scenario values, which differed in CMIP5 and CMIP6 by no more than 0.1°С. It was found that the average temperature increase over the territory in all months by the end of the 21st century reaches 2.0–2.3°C, and according to estimates at individual weather stations, spatial distributions of future temperatures were obtained, which show the greatest increase in the north of the region near the Sahel.
La elipse : proceso de instrumentación mediado por el software GeoGebra
Authors: León Ríos José Carlos
Published: April 2023

Este artículo tiene por objetivo analizar los procesos de instrumentalización de la elipse al utilizar el GeoGebra como mediador. La experiencia está dirigida a estudiantes de un primer curso de matemáticas de una universidad particular de la ciudad de Lima. El proceso de instrumentalización se basó en el enriquecimiento de las propiedades de la elipse durante una secuencia de actividades que permitieron el surgimiento de la elipse como instrumento, en el sentido de Rabardel. Es así que la teoría instrumental nos permitió analizar las acciones de los estudiantes, mediante la identificación de esquemas de los posibles esquemas de utilización que los estudiantes construyeron o movilizaron cuando interactuaron con la elipse, como la condición geométrica de la elipse, la relación entre sus parámetros, la excentricidad, la ubicación de los vértices, focos, vinculando la representación gráfica a la expresión algebraica correspondiente.
Una situación didáctica para la aproximación del área por acotación
Authors: Martínez-Miraval Mihály A.
Published: April 2023

En este artículo presentamos el análisis de las dialécticas por las que transitan universitarios durante una situación didáctica, mediada por el GeoGebra. Durante las interacciones producidas, los estudiantes manipularon un procedimiento que les permitió expresar la aproximación de la medida de un área, como una adición de términos. El contraste entre los resultados esperados y los obtenidos muestra que los estudiantes tienen dificultades para identificar la altura de un rectángulo con la imagen de una función y para trabajar con números racionales, lo que derivó en planteamientos erróneos de la aproximación que se redujeron al identificar las fracciones mediante variables con índices naturales. De esta manera, nuestra propuesta favoreció la comprensión de la definición de área y pensamos que plantea un camino para introducir el área como el límite de una suma infinita (integral definida).
Paradigmas geométricos, tipos de prova e esquemas de prova como referencias teóricas em pesquisas em educação Matemática
Authors: Ordem Jacinto
Published: April 2023

Este capítulo tem como objetivo apresentar alguns referenciais teóricos que consideramos úteis na análise e interpretação de dados coletados em pesquisas voltadas a Educasção Matemática, particularmente em estudos acerca de provas e demonstrasções em geometria plana. Recorte de urna parte de tese de doutorado de um dos autores deste artigo, nesse capítulo apresentamos exemplos cuja análise e a interpretação fazem apelo a esses construtos teóricos.
Um estudo sobre as relações entre o ensino de Estatística na Educação Básica e o ensino de Estatística nos cursos de Licenciatura em Matemática
Authors: Goulart Amari
Published: April 2023

Este artigo tem por objetivo discutir algunos aspectos relativos ao desenvolvimento do letramento estatístico dos alunos da Educação Básica. Por meio de urna revisáo bibliográfica e análise documental, organizada segundo do is eixos: Probabilidade e Estatística na formação de professores de matemática, Probabilidade e Estatística no livro didático de matemática. Como resultado, podemos indicar a identificação de um descompasso entre os documentos oficiais referentes a formação de professores e aos conteúdos a serem abordados na escola básica. Indicamos também urna concepção que conduz a abordagem tecnicista, tanto nos cursos de Licenciatura como nos livros didáticos destinados a Escola Básica
Análise de livro didático e a Construção de um processo de ensino por meio de tarefas e técnicas : contribuições da TAD
Authors: Lobo Freitas Rita
Published: April 2023

Este artigo visa socializar as contribuições de um estudo sobre livros didáticos realizado em uma das etapas de nossa pesquisa de mestrado, em um curso de Licenciatura em Matemática, com estagiários em fase de conclusão de curso. A Teoria Antropológica do Didático (TAD) de Chevallard (1999), foi funda-mental para explicitar bloco prático técnico (dz.) e o bloco tecnológico teórico (θ, Φ) referentes ao estudo da função exponencial. A análise de tais materiais trouxe contribuições que poderão nortear a prática dos futuros professores e também daqueles veteranos que fazem uso desses livros, indicados pelo Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD) brasileiro. Além da discussão didática sobre função exponencial a investigação trouxe uma abordagem de análise de livro que poderá ser utilizada com outros temas matemáticos de interesse do professor.
Inclusión social ¿en que? : un enfoque relacional
Authors: Iguíñiz Javier
Published: April 2023

Los términos «inclusión social», y su opuesto «exclusión social», tienen muchos significados y dimensiones. Este artículo consta de una parte conceptual y una aplicada. La primera muestra una visión general de las distintas facetas de la inclusión poniendo el acento en su acepción relacional y la segunda escoge, entre la infinidad de inclusiones posibles, algunas específicas para mostrar de manera sencilla la potencialidad y utilidad práctica del enfoque que proponemos. Para aplicar el enfoque, hemos escogido presentar resultados provenientes de investigación sobre diversos países, surgida recientemente y basada en los National Transfers Accounts, sobre la importancia relativa de varias inclusiones bastante inmediatas que son decisivas para la vida humana, como son las que ocurren entre los individuos en sus familias, en las empresas y en las relaciones que se establecen al interior de los programas sociales del Estado. Al final, destacaremos especialmente la inclusión en relaciones familiares comparando distintos países del mundo y explorando sus efectos redistributivos a nivel de país. De este modo, nos aproximamos de manera inicial a los efectos macroeconómicos de descomponer el «hogar» y estudiar sus relaciones internas.
La guerra en los primeros tiempos de la colonización de Filipinas (siglos XVI y XVII)
Authors: Girard Pascale
Published: April 2023

A comienzos del siglo XVII, Filipinas forma parte del imperio español de ultramar. El territorio está sometido a la autoridad del gobernador y capitán general, dependiente del virreinato de la Nueva España. Si la conquista de Miguel López de Legazpi (1565-1571) pertenece al pasado reciente del archipiélago, no puede sin embargo afirmarse que la paz reine sobre estas islas2 . La región parece ser un punto de partida o un motivo de conflicto permanente con: a) las otras potencias europeas (como los holandeses y los ingleses); b) las otras potencias asiáticas a punto de reafirmar su supremacía política (como el Japón); o c) ciertas etnias locales, los «nativos» de estos países. A escala local, varios conflictos estallan entre las diferentes etnias que pueblan estas islas (los tagalos, los zambales y los chinos), mientras que otras etnias acompañan el proceso de formación de la sociedad colonial. En este contexto de un mundo agitado y convulso, en donde coexisten grupos sociales violentos para quienes no resulta cierto que el estado de guerra haya sido considerado como un estado anormal que se oponía necesariamente a un estado de paz, es pertinente interrogarse sobre el lugar que ocupa la guerra frente a los poderes civiles y eclesiásticos.
Los chinos del Perú : una identidad reconstruida
Authors: Lausent-Herrera Isabelle
Published: April 2023

Fruto de la colonización española, el Perú es un país que no ha cesado de recomponerse con el aporte de los diferentes flujos migratorios y afirmando su composición multiétnica, con el correr del tiempo, más como un lastre que como una riqueza. A los grupos indígenas —amazónicos y andinos—, reducidos y controlados mayormente por el clero y la administración colonial a fuerza de evangelizaciones y conversiones, se ha añadido al final de la época moderna minorías no nacionales cuya pertenencia racial, étnica y religiosa difería a la vez tanto de la cultura católica dominante como de las poblaciones autóctonas en vías de integración.
La muerte del autor mediante la falsa traducción en el Japón de Mario Bellatin
Authors: López-Calvo Ignacio
Published: April 2023

Este ensayo mantiene que la exploración que hace Bellatin de la potencial relación entre la escritura, la traducción y la diferencia corporal lleva, quizás inconscientemente, a la continuación de los estereotipos exotizantes sobre las culturas «orientales». A pesar de la presencia de japoneses y nikkeis en el Perú (donde creció el autor) desde el final del siglo XIX, muchos autores peruanos, independientemente de lo familiarizados que puedan estar con esta cultura, todavía la ven como exótica y ajena al cuerpo nacional.
Capacidades estatales en gobiernos regionales
Authors: Ausejo Flavio
Published: April 2023

El contenido de las siguientes líneas parte de la experiencia de trabajo con un gobierno regional y sobre la base de las trasferencias de funciones que se han venido realizando desde el gobierno central a los distintos gobiernos subnacionales, específicamente en lo que se refiere a recursos naturales, con un énfasis en la responsabilidad que estos tienen en el cuidado de los bosques y la fauna silvestre. Cabe resaltar que muchas veces se piensa que la transferencia de funciones no trasciende más allá de lo normativo, sin embargo, este aspecto solo representa una parte de lo que puede ser una solución o un problema más grande. Es por ello que la transferencia de funciones en sí misma representa una oportunidad, pero también representa una opción que complica tremendamente el poder cumplir con los objetivos del Estado; es decir, el mejorar la calidad de vida de los ciudadanos.
La dimensión comunicativa de la gestión pública
Authors: Valdivia Virna
Published: April 2023

La relación entre comunicación y política resulta inevitable en tanto los sujetos políticos producen un conjunto de mensajes intencionales o no, simbólicos o gestuales, argumentados o emotivos. Incluso podríamos decir que, dada su función de representación, los sujetos políticos se ven obligados a comunicarse con la ciudadanía, o mejor dicho, con sus representados. Esta visión permea todo ámbito de la gestión pública; además, considerando esta relación, se lleva adelante la implementación de las políticas públicas desde la base de un marco normativo y los procedimientos de la administración pública. Existe un conjunto de mensajes que necesitan hacerse llegar, produciéndose de manera simultánea y con diferentes pesos, y que finalmente llegan a diferentes públicos y tienen objetivos distintos. Al mismo tiempo, hay un conjunto de abundante información alrededor de los temas de gestión con resultados visibles y poco visibles, y con todas las acciones puntuales con las que se está trabajando. Por supuesto, en esta interacción comunicativa está la ciudadanía, a veces expectante, a veces vigilante.
Espacio público, ciudadanos y comunicación para una nueva gobernabilidad
Authors: Macassi Sandro
Published: April 2023

Mucho se habla de comunicación de medios, pero es muy escaso lo que se estudia sobre ella. En el ámbito académico, son muy pocas las investigaciones y los observatorios que trabajan a los medios y su rol en la gobernabilidad, en la comunicación política y en la construcción de lo político. Esto pasa también en la vida cotidiana: todas las mañanas y noches nos vinculamos a este espacio a través de la radio y televisión, sin hacer una reflexión sobre cuáles son los procesos culturales, sociales y políticos que está implicando la construcción que a diario los medios hacen de lo político.
Una mirada desde la experiencia de la cooperación técnica internacional
Authors: Mayaute Fiorella
Published: April 2023

La Cooperación Alemana al Desarrollo (GIZ) brinda asesoría en materia de control gubernamental de la gestión pública, en la idea de que esta se constituya en una herramienta que potencie la trasparencia y la eficiencia en la gestión Me propongo abordar la relación entre los Objetivos del Milenio y la Estrategia de la Cooperación Alemana para el Desarrollo de América Latina —emitida por el Ministerio Federal de Cooperación Económica y Desarrollo (BMZ)— que orienta la concreción de la asesoría técnica en el Perú, para referirme luego a la estrategia de intervención de la GIZ en control gubernamental en el marco del Sistema Nacional de Control. Finalmente, compartiré algunas lecciones aprendidas de la GIZ.
El nuevo enfoque del control del sistema nacional de control
Authors: Toledo Paco
Published: April 2023

Para poder entender el rol del control gubernamental en la modernización del Estado, es importante definir que se entiende por control. Existen varias definiciones, destacando entre estas aquella que entiende al control como el proceso para asegurarse que las actividades reales se ciñen a las actividades proyectadas, es decir, es un proceso que permite que las cosas sucedan tal como se han planificado. Otro concepto que se maneja es que el control permite evaluar resultados y saber si estos son adecuados a los planes y objetivos que se desean conseguir; e, igualmente, desde un enfoque sistémico, el control es un conjunto de normas, procedimientos y técnicas a través de los cuales se mide y corrige el desempeño para asegurar la consecución de objetivos y técnicas.
Inclusión social y gestión pública
Authors: Aramburú Carlos E.
Published: April 2023

Innovar, articular y evaluar son los retos claves para la política social peruana en el contexto actual. Históricamente la concepción del Estado Peruano ha estado basada en dos premisas: un Estado pobre que no cuenta con recursos suficientes para atender a sus ciudadanos y un Estado corrupto cuyos recursos terminan satisfaciendo los intereses de unos pocos en vez de favorecer a la sociedad en su conjunto. Ambas premisas, especialmente la primera, están hoy en cuestión. Cambiar los modelos mentales y la práctica política que se desprenden de esta lógica supone un cambio de cultura organizacional en el aparato público, lo cual constituye un reto muy difícil.
Gestión por resultados : avances y nuevos retos
Authors: Vargas Medrano Carlos
Published: April 2023

¿Qué es Presupuesto por Resultados? ¿Cuáles son los instrumentos que usa el Presupuesto por Resultados y cómo funciona en el sector público? Estas peguntas serán respondidas a continuación. En el primer gráfico se aprecia la variación real del PBI en el periodo 2005-2011, la cual evidencia que estamos creciendo efectivamente y que se está atravesando por un momento económico bueno.
Inversión pública : avances y retrocesos
Authors: Giesecke Carlos
Published: April 2023

Lo que se mostrará va a estar dividido en dos secciones; en primer lugar, un recuento de lo que ha sido la visión con la cual se ha estado trabajando en el MEF en el tema de proyectos públicos, dentro del cual hoy en día también se toma como contenido el desarrollo de la infraestructura en las asociaciones público privadas; y, en segundo lugar, las próximas acciones que deben ser priorizadas para lograr una mejora en la inversión y, con ello, mejor calidad en los proyectos públicos.
La retórica de los dos mundos. La dialéctica ética de Platón
Authors: Wagner Jochen
Published: April 2023

La tesis que busco defender es la siguiente: Platón asume la intención socrática del mejoramiento como su propósito ético de primer rango y busca contribuir a su realización acompañándola de una ontología que compromete a los hombres con el diálogo. Incluso en la forma de un procedimiento dialéctico, el diálogo es y se mantiene como una exigencia ética cuya consecuencia es la ontología de los dos mundos, es decir, la separación estricta de lo sensible y cambiante, y el ámbito inmutable y eterno de las ideas. Dicho de otro modo, la dialéctica no es en primer lugar un método de conocimiento, sino una reflexión inmanente a la praxis que se despliega dentro del diálogo y que tiene como meta el mejoramiento
La visión moral del mundo. La crítica a la moralidad kantiana en la fenomenología del espíritu de Hegel
Authors: Leyva Gustavo
Published: April 2023

Las relaciones entre Kant y Hegel han sido siempre objeto de intensas discusiones y detallados análisis 1 que han tomado como eje diversos tópicos: desde el modo de comprender la razón práctica y su incidencia en la realidad y en la historia, hasta la manera que uno y otro tienen de entender el lugar y alcance de la filosofía del derecho, pasando por las vías sobre las que discurre la reflexión que uno y otro realizan en el campo de la estética; por ejemplo, el debate entre una Werkasthetik y una Wirkungsasthetik, las relaciones entre lo bello de la naturaleza y lo bello del arte o la vinculación entre el arte y la historia en la tesis del «fin del arte». En el marco de la reflexión que me propongo desarrollar en este trabajo, habré de focalizar mi atención sobre el problema referido a la razón práctica -o, si se quiere, a la moralidad- y su incidencia en la realidad y en la historia, un tema complejo que acompaña al pensamiento de Hegel desde su juventud y que se desarrolla a lo largo de distintas etapas y en diversos planos.
¿Por qué a Heidegger no le gustaba la dialéctica?
Authors: Dilcher Roman
Published: April 2023

Es sabido que, durante su vida, Martin Heidegger no sólo tuvo ciertas reservas hacia la dialéctica como método filosófico, sino que realmente la rechazó de manera enérgica
Dialéctica como tópica. Actualidad de una concepción hermenéutica
Authors: Gessmann Martin
Published: April 2023

En las «Consideraciones preliminares» a su Dialéctica como tópica de 1990, Rüdiger Bubner presenta su propuesta sistemática como orientada aún por los objetivos clásicos de la hermenéutica. En este enfoque, Dialéctica como tópica plantea una polémica en dos líneas de trabajo. Por un lado, la destitución de la dialéctica como un método especulativo en la forma que, con pretensión de cientificidad estricta, era requerida por la teoría marxista de la historia y consultada para la estructuración de nuestras relaciones vitales prácticas.