bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Late-type Eclipsing Binaries in the Large Magellanic Cloud: Catalog of Fundamental Physical Parameters
Authors: Graczyk Dariusz , Pietrzyński Grzegorz , Thompson Ian B. , Gieren Wolfgang , Pilecki Bogumił , Konorski Piotr , Villanova Sandro , Górski Marek , Suchomska Ksenia , Karczmarek Paulina , Stepień Kazimierz , Storm Jesper , Taormina Mónica , Kołaczkowski Zbigniew , Wielgórski Piotr , Narloch Weronika , Zgirski Bartłomiej , Gallenne Alexandre , Ostrowski Jakub , Smolec Radosław , Udalski Andrzej , Soszyński Igor , Kervella Pierre , Nardetto Nicolas , Szymański Michał K. , Wyrzykowski Łukasz , Ulaczyk Krzysztof , Poleski Radosław , Pietrukowicz Paweł , Kozłowski Szymon , Skowron Jan , Mróz Przemysław
Published: June 2018

We present a determination of the precise fundamental physical parameters of 20 detached, double-lined, eclipsing binary stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) containing G- or early K-type giant stars. Eleven are new systems; the remaining nine are systems already analyzed by our team for which we present updated parameters. The catalog results from our long-term survey of eclipsing binaries in the Magellanic Clouds suitable for high-precision determination of distances (the Araucaria Project). The V-band brightnesses of the systems range from 15.4 to 17.7 mag, and their orbital periods range from 49 to 773 days. Six systems have favorable geometry showing total eclipses. The absolute dimensions of all eclipsing binary components are calculated with a precision of better than 3%, and all systems are suitable for a precise distance determination. The measured stellar masses are in the range 1.4 to 4.6 M
⊙, and comparison with the MESA isochrones gives ages between 0.1 and 2.1 Gyr. The systems show an age–metallicity relation with no evolution of metallicity for systems older than 0.6 Gyr, followed by a rise to a metallicity maximum at age 0.5 Gyr and then a slow metallicity decrease until 0.1 Gyr. Two systems have components with very different masses: OGLE LMC-ECL-05430 and OGLE LMC-ECL-18365. Neither system can be fitted by a single stellar evolution isochrone, explained by a past mass transfer scenario in the case of ECL-18365 and a gravitational capture or hierarchical binary merger scenario in the case of ECL-05430. The longest-period system, OGLE LMC SC9_230659, shows a surprising apsidal motion that shifts the apparent position of the eclipses. This is a clear sign of a physical companion to the system; however, neither investigation of the spectra nor light-curve analysis indicates a third-light contribution larger than 2%–3%. In one spectrum of OGLE LMC-ECL-12669, we noted a peculiar dimming of one of the components by 65% well outside of the eclipses. We interpret this observation as arising from an extremely rare occultation event, as a foreground Galactic object covers only one component of an extragalactic eclipsing binary.
Measuring the Viewing Angle of GW170817 with Electromagnetic and Gravitational Waves
Authors: Finstad Daniel , De Soumi , Brown Duncan A. , Berger Edo , Biwer Christopher M.
Published: June 2018

The joint detection of gravitational waves (GWs) and electromagnetic (EM) radiation from the binary neutron star merger GW170817 ushered in a new era of multi-messenger astronomy. Joint GW–EM observations can be used to measure the parameters of the binary with better precision than either observation alone. Here, we use joint GW–EM observations to measure the viewing angle of GW170817, the angle between the binary’s angular momentum and the line of sight. We combine a direct measurement of the distance to the host galaxy of GW170817 (NGC 4993) of 40.7 ± 2.36 Mpc with the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO)/Virgo GW data and find that the viewing angle is

degrees (90% confidence, statistical, and systematic errors). We place a conservative lower limit on the viewing angle of ≥13°, which is robust to the choice of prior. This measurement provides a constraint on models of the prompt γ-ray and radio/X-ray afterglow emission associated with the merger; for example, it is consistent with the off-axis viewing angle inferred for a structured jet model. We provide for the first time the full posterior samples from Bayesian parameter estimation of LIGO/Virgo data to enable further analysis by the community.
Comparative Analysis of the Applicability of Island Flap in Primary and Recurrent Basal Cell Carcinomas of Similar Localization
Authors: Tchernev Georgi , Temelkova Ivanka , Mangarov Hristo , Stavrov Konstantin
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND: Basal cell carcinoma belongs to non-melanoma skin cancers and is the most prevalent neoplasia that shows a tendency to increase over the last few decades. It occurs most often in skin areas exposed to sunlight. It is characterised by slow progression, low tendency to metastasising and good prognosis when the right choice of treatment has been made. The difficulty in the treatment of basal cell carcinomas is determined by their localisation and puts to the test the aesthetic potential of dermatosurgeons. Complete surgical excision is the standard approach in most uncomplicated cases. In relapsing basal cell carcinoma or carcinoma with aggressive or unfavourable histopathological characteristics, the clinician faces the dilemma of identifying the most appropriate method of treatment. To find the decision, help comes from the individualisation of each case and the related risk factors.CASE REPORT: Two cases of basal cell carcinoma of similar localisation are presented, where the carcinomas are removed using island flaps. In spite of the desire to observe the recommended field of surgical security (by the desire for the ultimate esthetic effect for the patient), one of the tumours was not completely removed, and as an alternative, reoperation was proposed using Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS).CONCLUSION: The choice of a surgical technique, which would guarantee a better outcome and could be applied depending on the individual risk factor in each patient, is discussed.
One Step Melanoma Surgery (OSMS) Without Using Ultrasonography for Preoperative Tumour Thickness Measurement? - ʺA Question that Sometimes Drives Me Hazy: Am I or Are the Others Crazy! ʺ
Authors: Tchernev Georgi , Temelkova Ivanka , Stavrov Konstantin
Published: June 2018

BACKGROUND: One step melanoma surgery is a new surgical approach by which specific groups of patients with cutaneous melanoma may be operated only by or within a single surgical session. Until now, the Bulgarian Society for Dermatologic Surgery (BULSDS) has presented models of clinical behaviour, in which preoperative measurement of tumour thickness in combination with echographic measurement of the locoregional lymph nodes could lead to the conduct of the so-called one-step melanoma surgery. Although this one step surgery currently does not fit in the recommended guidelines, it ensures compliance of the recommended boundaries of operational security while saving patients a repeated excision and relieves the healthcare institutions or the patients themselves financially.CASE REPORT: We at this moment present another case from the Bulgarian Society for Dermatologic Surgery (BULSDS) of one step melanoma surgery with a perfect end result, where the tumour thickness was not preoperatively determined by high-frequency echography. Preoperative assessment of tumour thickness was performed based on the clinical picture and dermatoscopy. The histologically established tumour thickness was identical to the preoperative assessment, i.e. <1 mm. Removal of the melanocytic lesion was performed with operational security field of 1cm in all directions, where, as a rule, no further removal of the draining lymph nodes is required.CONCLUSION: Оne step melanoma surgery has two significant advantages: 1) it saves a re-excision in certain groups of patients, which in turn is 2) significantly more favourable from a financial point of view. Its applicability in the appropriate groups of patients and the postoperative (although in a limited number of patients) results achieved indicate the need to optimise the current algorithms and direct them individually to each patient. Guidelines may not and should not be unified or set strict limits given the fact that they show a significant level of variability themselves regarding some key moments in the initial surgical treatment of melanoma. More than 10% of the primary melanoma cases refer to thin melanomas, and dermatoscopy and clinics are a sufficient method of optimising the planned surgical excision.
A first checklist of the Pteridophytes of Togo (West Africa)
Authors: Abotsi Komla , Kokou Kouami , Dubuisson Jean-Yves , Rouhan Germinal
Published: June 2018

The present work proposes, for the first time, a study exclusively focused on the diversity of Pteridophytes in Togo.

The study was based on fieldwork that resulted in 869 new collections gathered between 2013 and 2017 in the country and on yet existing herbarium specimens kept at the Herbaria of Lomé and Paris. Thus, a total number of 1092 specimens collected throughout the country served as a basis for this work, to which were added the known, published occurrences of Pteridophytes for the country.

At the end of this study, a total diversity of 134 species belonging to 53 genera and 25 families and 12 orders were recorded and documented for the country. It results in 73 newly cited species for Togolese flora, including 61 spontaneous species. Lycopodiopsida (18 species) and Polypodiopsida (116 species) classes are both represented. The Polypodiales order is the most represented with 97 species. The Pteridaceae and Aspleniaceae families are the most diverse with 24 and 22 species respectively. Finally, notes were provided on species distribution at national level.
Vers un horizon post-capitaliste des dérives financières ?
Authors: Citton Yves
Published: June 2018

Et si c’était dans les arcanes de la finance que prenait d’ores et déjà forme l’un des replis constitutifs du post-capitalisme ? Toute une série de penseurs (post ?-)marxistes, les plus stimulants parce que les plus hétérodoxes, se sont retrouvés récemment autour d’une analyse croisée de la notion de produits dérivés ( derivatives ) et des blockchains qui mérite de retenir toute notre attention. Cet article essaie d’en faire un survol rapide.
Le revenu universel, condition d’une finance post-capitaliste
Authors: Querrien Anne
Published: June 2018

À la lecture de l’ensemble des contributions de cette majeure, Dériver la finance , quelques questions se posent. La blockchain qui consigne toutes les transactions au sein d’une communauté délocalisée de hackers, dit « mineurs », est-elle utilisable plus largement ? La recherche d’un surplus systématique peut-elle alimenter une multiplicité de valeurs ? Un revenu universel n’est-il pas une condition de base pour cet investissement tous azimuts dans la cyber-économie ? Comment se partage la formation nécessaire pour y participer ? Que permettent les nouvelles technologies par rapport à des tentatives plus anciennes de remise en cause de la valeur travail ? Comment ces nouvelles tentatives traitent-elles la valeur égalité présente au cœur de leurs ainées ?
La dynamique culturelle des formes de vie sociales
Authors: Nouët Clotilde
Published: June 2018

Cet article a pour objectif de mettre à l’épreuve l’indétermination conceptuelle du terme «  Lebensform  » (forme de vie) dans la tradition philosophique allemande, en cherchant à montrer ce que l’on trouve dans la première Théorie critique, une lecture matérialiste des « formes de vie ». On se propose de la reconstruire, en rendant compte du concept dynamique de la culture élaboré par Horkheimer au cours des années 1930, dans un dialogue étroit, quoique implicite, avec le matérialisme marxien de L’Idéologie allemande .
Benzodiazepine Use: The Underbelly of the Opioid Epidemic
Authors: Limandri Barbara J.
Published: June 2018

In the United States, benzodiazepine medication use is the secondary epidemic to opioid drug use and carries serious consequences as well, even though its use is enabled by well-intended clinicians. Benzodiazepine drugs are intended for short-term use, not to exceed 2 to 4 weeks; yet, it is common for clients to be taking benzodiazepine medications for up to 10 years. In addition to dependence or addiction, adverse effects include depression, emotional blunting, ataxia, aggression, irritability, nervousness, and cognitive impairment. These medications also contribute to increased risk for falls, suicide, overdose fatality, and vehicle crashes. The current article describes the epidemiology of benzodiazepine medication use, patient and prescriber factors that contribute to overuse and misuse, and recommendations for prescribing and deprescribing. [
Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 56
(6), 11–15.]
Continuous Improvement Relationship to Risk Management
Authors: Galli Brian J.
Published: June 2018

In order for a company to economically survive, it needs to compete with a highly competitive market. The world is changing fast, adding different types of risks to companies. So, companies need to not only meet requirements but also exceed them. At the same time, companies are required to lower the level of risks they may encounter. As a result, continuous improvement and risk management should be key factors to insure company success. This study explores the relationship between the two concepts and gives examples where the interconnections between them exist. Also, the study explains the important key components of continuous improvement and the classifications of risk management. Finally, this article focuses on three aspects, managing complaints, developing strategy, and creating a suitable culture. These aspects are evaluated based on the relationship between continuous improvement and risk management.
Onto-VP2M
Authors: Ellouze Fatma , Chaâbane Mohamed Amine , Andonoff Eric , Bouaziz Rafik
Published: June 2018

Collaborative process (CP) flexibility is an active research area in the field of business process management (BPM). It deals with both foreseen and unforeseen changes in the environment where CPs operate. In the literature, the version-based approach is largely used to cope with CP flexibility. However, BPM practitioners from various organizations can encounter some difficulties in a multi-version setting, of which when they must select the most appropriate CP version to be executed. Therefore, the aim of this article is to offer a solution to help them in this delicate task by proposing an ontology-based approach to model and query the context of versions of CP. More precisely, the authors recommend a new ontology, entitled BPM-Context-Onto, and a framework, entitled Onto-VP2M-Framework, providing support for (1) context version modeling in the BPM area, and (2) context-based querying exploiting reasoning mechanisms of the proposed ontology. The evaluation of the recommended framework shows that combining ontology with context reasoning is a promising idea in the BPM area. This novel framework has been examined within a real case study, namely the Subsea Pipeline CP.
A Case Study
Authors: Kazzaz M. Mohanned , Rychlý Marek
Published: June 2018

This article provides a proof-of-concept of the applicability and reusability of the authors proposed framework for web service migration through a traffic jam detection case study. The framework migrates mobile hosted web services between mobile vehicles using context-aware self-adaptive mechanism in order to guarantee service availability and quality. A decision-making process is implemented to select the best destination vehicle from between the found possible migrations based on prioritized criteria set.
A Novel Architecture for Learner-Centric Curriculum Sequencing in Adaptive Intelligent Tutoring System
Authors: Singh Ninni , Ahuja Neelu Jyothi , Kumar Amit
Published: June 2018

An ideal face-to-face tutor learner interaction aims to offer learning to the learner in a manner that best suits an individual learner's learning level and learning style. This ability of differentiated instruction has been built in Seis-Tutor Intelligent Tutoring system, developed to offer subject matter knowledge of ‘Seismic Data Interpretation,' a field of geo-physics. The detailed architecture of learner-centric curriculum sequencing module, built to this effect, with its components, sub-components, their interconnected functioning, to generate exclusive learning path, have been described. An algorithm for learner-centric curriculum sequencing, a mathematical model and proposed implementation using a case study has been elaborated.
Hemodynamics and Perfusion in Premature Infants During Transfusion
Authors: Weaver Barbara , Guerreso Kelsey , Conner E. Alexander , Russell Kendra , Vogel Robert , Rodriguez Mitch
Published: June 2018

Background:

Premature infants may require packed red blood cell transfusions, but current guidelines lack empirical evidence and vary among institutions and prescribers.

Objective:

To compare the physiological changes in cardiovascular hemodynamics and oxygen delivery between premature infants with anemia who receive packed red blood cell transfusions and premature infants without anemia.

Methods:

The study was a prospective observational cohort investigation of 75 premature infants. Comparisons among the data were made before, during, and after transfusion in infants with anemia and over time in infants in the control group. In infants with anemia, feedings were withheld 12 hours before and after transfusions.

Results:

Electrical cardiometry and near-infrared spectroscopy measurements in premature infants with anemia revealed changes in hemodynamic parameters not detected by standard bedside monitoring. Statistically significant changes were seen before and after transfusions in cardiac output, fractional tissue oxygen extraction, heart rate variability, heart rate complexity, and splanchnic regional tissue oxygen saturation.

Conclusion:

Bedside monitoring of cardiovascular hemodynamics and oxygen delivery during packed red blood cell transfusion may inform individualized care for the premature infant with anemia and could be useful for the development of evidence-based practice guidelines.
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage and Vasospasm
Authors: Burns Shannon K. , Brewer Kacie J. , Jenkins Courtney , Miller Sally
Published: June 2018

Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage is potentially fatal and is associated with poor outcomes in many patients. Advances in neurosurgical and medical management of ruptured aneurysms have improved mortality rates in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Surgical and endovascular interventions, such as external ventricular drain placement, aneurysm clipping, and endovascular coiling, have been developed over the past few decades. Patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage are also at risk for cerebral vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischemia. This article describes the diagnosis and treatment of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, vasospasm, and cerebral ischemia. Concurrent medical considerations and ideas for future neuroinflammatory vasospasm research are also discussed.
Multimodal Neuromonitoring in Neurocritical Care
Authors: Peacock Sarah H. , Tomlinson Amanda D.
Published: June 2018

Neuromonitoring is important for patients with acute brain injury. The bedside neurologic examination is standard for neurologic monitoring; however, a clinical examination may not reliably detect subtle changes in intracranial physiology. Changes found during neurologic examinations are often late signs. The assessment of multiple physiological variables in real time can provide new clinical insights into treatment decisions. No single monitoring modality is ideal for all patients. Simultaneous assessment of cerebral hemodynamics, oxygenation, and metabolism, such as in multimodal monitoring, allows an innovative approach to individualized patient care.
Evidence for the Existence of a CXCL17 Receptor Distinct from GPR35
Authors: Binti Mohd Amir Nurul A. S. , Mackenzie Amanda E. , Jenkins Laura , Boustani Karim , Hillier Marston C. , Tsuchiya Tomoko , Milligan Graeme , Pease James E.
Published: June 2018

The chemokine CXCL17 is associated with the innate response in mucosal tissues but is poorly characterized. Similarly, the G protein–coupled receptor GPR35, expressed by monocytes and mast cells, has been implicated in the immune response, although its precise role is ill-defined. A recent manuscript reported that GPR35 was able to signal in response to CXCL17, which we set out to confirm in this study. GPR35 was readily expressed using transfection systems but failed to signal in response to CXCL17 in assays of β-arrestin recruitment, inositol phosphate production, calcium flux, and receptor endocytosis. Similarly, in chemotaxis assays, GPR35 did not confirm sensitivity to a range of CXCL17 concentrations above that observed in the parental cell line. We subsequently employed a real time chemotaxis assay (TAXIScan) to investigate the migratory responses of human monocytes and the monocytic cell line THP-1 to a gradient of CXCL17. Freshly isolated human monocytes displayed no obvious migration to CXCL17. Resting THP-1 cells showed a trend toward directional migration along a CXCL17 gradient, which was significantly enhanced by overnight incubation with PGE2. However, pretreatment of PGE2-treated THP-1 cells with the well-characterized GPR35 antagonist ML145 did not significantly impair their migratory responses to CXCL17 gradient. CXCL17 was susceptible to cleavage with chymase, although this had little effect its ability to recruit THP-1 cells. We therefore conclude that GPR35 is unlikely to be a bona fide receptor for CXCL17 and that THP-1 cells express an as yet unidentified receptor for CXCL17.
PD-1 Blockade Unleashes Effector Potential of Both High- and Low-Affinity Tumor-Infiltrating T Cells
Authors: Martínez-Usatorre Amaia , Donda Alena , Zehn Dietmar , Romero Pedro
Published: June 2018

Antitumor T cell responses involve CD8+ T cells with high affinity for mutated self-antigen and low affinity for nonmutated tumor-associated Ag. Because of the highly individual nature of nonsynonymous somatic mutations in tumors, however, immunotherapy relies often on an effective engagement of low-affinity T cells. In this study, we studied the role of T cell affinity during peripheral priming with single-peptide vaccines and during the effector phase in the tumor. To that end, we compared the antitumor responses after OVA257–264 (N4) peptide vaccination of CD8+ T cells carrying TCRs with high (OT-1) and low (OT-3) avidity for the N4 peptide in B16.N4 tumor-bearing C57BL/6 mice. Additionally, we assessed the response of OT-1 cells to either high-affinity (B16.N4) or low-affinity (B16.T4) Ag-expressing tumors after high-affinity (N4) or low-affinity (T4) peptide vaccination. We noticed that although low-affinity tumor-specific T cells expand less than high-affinity T cells, they express lower levels of inhibitory receptors and produce more cytokines. Interestingly, tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells show similar in vivo re-expansion capacity to their counterparts in secondary lymphoid organs when transferred to tumor-free hosts, suggesting that T cells in tumors may be rekindled upon relief of tumor immunosuppression. Moreover, our results show that αPD-1 treatment enhances tumor control of high- and low-affinity ligand-expressing tumors, suggesting that combination of high-affinity peripheral priming by altered peptide ligands and checkpoint blockade may enable tumor control upon low-affinity Ag recognition in the tumor.
Diagnosis, risk factors, evolutionary trajectories and treatment of disruptive behavior disorders: Coping Power Program’s diffusion in Italy
Authors: Pirri Gennarina
Published: June 2018

Knowing and diagnosing carefully a Disruptive Behavior Disorder, analyzing the clinic consistency of the subtypes DC and CU as well as the etiological, neurocognitive and neurobiological specificities, will allow the clinician to perform a much more precocious diagnosis. The comprension of the factors that are associated with aggressiveness and disruptive behaviors contributed to the development of interventions in order to prevent and reduce the impact of these disorders, which can evolve into juvenile delinquency or antisocial personality disorders, if not treated. This article, after an exposition of the new DBD criteria in the DSM V and an analysis of the risk factors for aggressive children, will outline the researches on this topic, and will describe the intervention protocol named Coping Power Program (CPP), as well as listing some researches, including the italian ones, that confirmed the effectiveness of this protocol.
Stalking, mental disease, imputability: Thoughts on 20 cases
Authors: Manunza Francesca , Pintor Giampaolo
Published: June 2018

Stalking is the product of an interaction between context (including the dyadic relationship between stalker and victim) and individual factors such as psychopathology. Those who have stalking behaviour are often affected by mental disorders that may have a direct or indirect role in committing stalking. Literature reports that stalkers of former partners represent the widest sub-category of stalkers. A 2003 study indicates an average percentage of 49% stalkers of former partners reported in 40, showing a significant diversity of stalking behaviours with a faster wearing out rate. Several studies indicate a greater prevalence of psychosis among those who persecute strangers or acquaintances compared to stalkers of former partners (25% vs 11%). Some studies, besides the present survey, indicate a high prevalence of not otherwise specified Personality Disorders in stalkers, suggesting that stalking behaviour may be associated with several personality traits of various disorders. This study aims at finding empirical evidence to the data reported by the relevant scientific literature. We examined the expert surveys of 20 stalkers subjected to psychiatric-forensic evaluation for the crime of stalking (article 612/bis) in the years 2016/2017, drawn up by the Forensic Psychiatry Service in Cagliari. Through a specific grid, which allowed to guarantee anonymity and that stalkers could not be identified, they analyzed some demographic variables (age, sex, marital status, educational qualification), stalkers’ diagnoses, victims’ typology, types of stalking performed, paying a particular attention to violence manifestations, stalking duration and some psychiatric-forensic data. Our survey has highlighted that 19 stalkers (95%) are males, do not have a stable affective relationship and had to refer at least once to the Mental Health Service; (70%) of stalkers are unemployed or retired. From the psychiatric-forensic point of view, 14 stalkers (70%) are partially mind defective, 5 (25%) are totally mind defective, 1 has been recognized as mentally incompetent; 13 (65%) are socially dangerous. Furthermore, 45% of stalkers are affected by not otherswise specified (NOS) Personality Disorder. The prevalent diagnoses (Axis I) detected are: 8 stalkers (40%), are affected by Substance Use Disorder, 6 (30%), Bipolar and related disorders, 5 (25%) Spectrum Disorders of Schizophrenia and other Psychotic Disorders; 45% of victims of stalking are former partners. Due to the high possibility that stalkers develop a violent behaviour, present in half of the stalkers of former partners, and the chance of crime recidivism, in particular among stalkers affected by Personality Disorder, the Service of Forensic Psychiatry in Cagliari, in agreement with the Court, is drawing up guidelines that provide for the establishment of proper services where to follow the stalkers in order to limit recidivism of this crime.
A study on the perception of the corruption phenomenon within the Inland Revenue
Authors: Longhi Maurizio
Published: June 2018

In spite of many national and international studies on the causes of corruption, it is rarely investigated in which terms the criminological theories can provide useful suggestions to better understand the etiology of this form of criminality. The present work aimed to study how the corruption phenomenon is perceived by the employees of the Inland Revenue. The research was conducted on a sample of 50 subjects between 30 and 65 years old. For the purposes of the research, a questionnaire consisting of 19 items was distributed to them. It was significantly found that the subjects did not have problems to respond to general questions, despite particular questions, where instead the sampling found considerable difficulties. Therefore the knowledge is resulted in general terms and not in specific terms. A limitation of this study is that perceptions can rapidly change as a result of political scandals or different cultural settings. The different answers can be influenced by both the quality in the formulation of the application and the little experience of the interviewed subjects. Given the found data we can consider that this study confirms what is already evident in the literature. Corruption is the result of contacts with criminal patterns and the removal from anti-criminal patterns, since each individual assimilates the culture surrounding him.
Comparison of Strain Elastography, Shear Wave Elastography, and Conventional Ultrasound in Diagnosing Thyroid Nodules
Authors: Liao Li-Jen , Chen Huan-Wen , Hsu Wan-Lun , Chen Yung-Sheng
Published: June 2018

Objective:

The purpose of this study is to compare the diagnostic performances of strain elastography (SE), shear wave elastography (SWE), and traditional ultrasound (US) features in diagnosing thyroid nodules.

Subjects and Methods:

This study included 185 adult patients with thyroid nodules who underwent conventional gray-scale US, SE, and SWE. SE was scored using a four-pattern elastographic scoring (ES) system. SWE values were presented as mean SWE values and standard derivation using Young's modules. The optimal cutoff values of the mean SWE values for predicting malignancy were determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. We used logistic regression models to test elastography as a novel significant predictor for the diagnosis of malignant nodules. The diagnostic performance of elastography parameters was compared with a traditional trained model.

Results:

Malignant thyroid nodules were stiffer for SE (ES patterns 1 and 2/3 and 4) and mean SWE values (4/17; 51.0 ± 24.4 kPa) than for benign nodules (114/50; 33.1 ± 25.2 kPa) (P < 0.01). In ROC curve analyses, a mean SWE value of 32 kPa was the optimal cutoff point, with diagnostic performance measures of 81% sensitivity, 65% specificity, a 23% positive predictive value (PPV), and 96% negative predictive value (NPV). In multivariate logistic regression, the mean SWE value (≥32 kPa) was an independent predictor for malignancy (odds ratio: 16.8; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.6–78.3). However, after the addition of SE and SWE to traditional US features, the C-statistic was not significantly increased compared to the traditional model (0.88, 95% CI: 0.81–0.94 vs. 0.91, 0.85–0.97, P = 0.4).

Conclusion:

In this study, we confirmed SWE as an independent predictor for malignant thyroid nodules. However, in comparing the new extended elastography model to our previous prediction model, the new extended model showed no significant difference in the diagnostic performance.
Smartphone audio port data collection cookbook
Authors: Forinash Kyle , Wisman Raymond
Published: June 2018

The audio port of a smartphone is designed to send and receive audio but can be harnessed for portable, economical, and accurate data collection from a variety of sources. While smartphones have internal sensors to measure a number of physical phenomena such as acceleration, magnetism and illumination levels, measurement of other phenomena such as voltage, external temperature, or accurate timing of moving objects are excluded. The audio port cannot be only employed to sense external phenomena. It has the additional advantage of timing precision; because audio is recorded or played at a controlled rate separated from other smartphone activities, timings based on audio can be highly accurate. The following outlines unpublished details of the audio port technical elements for data collection, a general data collection recipe and an example timing application for Android devices.
Received: 5 January 2018,  Accepted: 20 April 2018; Edited by: A. Martí,  M. Monteiro;  Reviewed by: P. Jeanjacquot, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon – Institut Francais de lEducation, France; DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4279/PIP.100006
Cite as: K Forinash, R Wisman,  Papers in Physics 10, 100006 (2018)
This paper, by K Forinash, R Wisman, is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0.
Personhood in a transhumanist context: An African perspective
Authors: Fayemi Ademola Kazeem
Published: June 2018

Personhood is an extensively discussed theme in contemporary African philosophy, which has taken metaphysical, epistemological and normative dimensions. In Western philosophical traditions, discourse on personhood is transmuting to debates on transhumanism. Missing in the African philosophical literature is consideration of transhumanism and an explication of the relationship between personhood and transhumanism. In this article, I critically examine the relationship between personhood and transhumanism in an African context. Drawing on Barry Hallen’s African metaphysical account of personhood and Thaddeus Metz’s Afro-communal normative conception of personhood, I argue that while some  transhumanist elements are embedded in African normative and ontological conceptions of personhood, some others are not. In the final analysis, I defend an Afrofuturistic account of personhood that is compatible with some censored essentials of transhumanism in African thoughts.Keywords: Personhood, Transhumanism, Barry Hallen, Thaddeus Metz, Africa, Yoruba
African studies through language-based techniques
Authors: Osuagwu Ndubuisi
Published: June 2018

In this article, we argue that language-based techniques have the capacity to generate original ideas and thus account for progress in any discipline. We claim that language-based techniques used by some African scholars such as hermeneutics (critical interpretation of cultural corpus) and related ones such as transliteration (adaptation of alien intellectual legacy) are creatively inadequate to inspire progress because they do not lead to the creation of new concepts and original ideas in African thought. We claim also that the technique of intellectual decolonisation with its foremost expression in Kwasi Wiredu’s ‘conceptual decolonisation’ and Kwesi Tsri’s ‘conceptual liberation’, are two recent language-based strategies aimed at overcoming the creative problem inherent in the techniques of  hermeneutics and transliteration. We argue that these two techniques are equally inadequate because they are tantamount to what can be called‘conceptual manipulation’, which is not a creative strategy for progress in African thought. The goal of this paper therefore is to expose the creative weaknesses in these techniques in order to show that there is a dearth of creative language-based techniques in African studies and make a call for the formulation of one.Keywords: African philosophy, hermeneutics, transliteration, conceptual manipulation, conceptual decolonisation, conceptual liberation.
Thought predicament and unwillingness to act: Twin minions of underdevelopment in Africa
Authors: Emedolu Christian C.
Published: June 2018

Varied theories and models of development have been advanced by many scholars to explain the failure of developmental theories and policies in Africa. This paper critically reviews the existing literature on the bane of development in Africa, arriving at what it considers as the most  fundamental twin minions of underdevelopment in the continent. The two implicated interrelated issues are thought predicament and unwillingness to act (which in itself is also a predicament). Whereas thought predicament affects the intellectual faculty, unwillingness to act is the defect of the volitional and affective faculties. This paper strongly claims that without first rectifying these three core faculties of the African person, the continent can at best be chasing shadows. This, however, does not suggest that all other reasons for underdevelopment are insignificant or implausible. Well-planned educational system and deliberate conscientiousness towards enhancing the intellectual, volitional and affective faculties of humans are key to sustainable development of any state in Africa.Keywords: Thought Predicament, Unwillingness to Act, Underdevelopment, Africa.
Arquitectura y enseñanza. Fundamentos epistemológicos/conversaciones hermeneúticas
Authors: De Luxán García de Diego Margarita
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Algunas reflexiones sobre la estructura académica de las escuelas de arquitectura. La Bauhaus como pretexto
Authors: Franco Taboada José Antonio
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
El arquitecto viajero
Authors: Bosch Espelta Josep
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Control gráfico y analítico mediante modelos 3D de la energía producida por luz solar
Authors: De Mesa Andrés , Quilez Joan , Regot Joaquín
Published: June 2018

Si bien el control de la luz solar en el ámbito de la construcción y la arquitectura ha sido un fenómeno ampliamente analizado a lo largo de la historia, es un tema que solamente desde hace unas décadas ha podido ser evaluado a través de nuevas herramientas gráficas.

Las posibilidades que ofrece la informática gráfica dan una nueva dimensión al análisis y el cálculo de las relaciones entre el sol y la arquitectura.

Este artículo pretende mostrar una nueva forma para analizar y calcular la energía que incide en entornos arquitectónicos mediante la posibilidad de creación de espacios virtuales basándose en el modelado tridimensional informático.

Para este fin se ha desarrollado una aplicación informática compuesta por tres módulos que se basa en la elaboración de una bóveda solar tridimensional y en el control de la obstrucción que produce un entorno arquitectónico en la bóveda para un punto del espacio predefinido. El primer módulo permite crear la bóveda solar para un determinado rango de fechas y horas como base del cálculo energético. El segundo módulo determina la obstrucción, y el tercero permite calcular la cantidad de energía que recibe un punto del espacio a lo largo de un lapso de tiempo definido por el usuario. El resultado del cálculo se puede mostrar gráfica o numéricamente.
La arquitectura de las Brañas somedanas
Authors: Linares García Fernando
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Conversando con...CARLOS FERRATER
Authors: Juan Vidal Francisco , Giménez Ribera Manuel
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
José Jiménez Jimena. Un reflejo del neoplasticismo en la Granada de la segunda mitad del siglo XX
Authors: Casado de Amezúa Vázquez Joaquín
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Las envolturas
Authors: Seguí de la Riva Javier
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Notas sobre el orden conglomerado
Authors: Millán Gómez Antonio
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Fotografía y realidad (arquitectónica)
Authors: Gómez-Blanco Pontes Antonio J. , García Quesada Rafael
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Edificación, arquitectura, enseñanza de la arquitectura, modelización y dibujo
Authors: Seguí Javier
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Expansión y crisis del dibujo. Reflexiones sin imágenes
Authors: Uría Leopoldo
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
La geometría interna de un escáner láser. Funcionamiento de sus espejos
Authors: Navarro Pablo , Erraez Jose , Navarro Isabel
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Espacio geométrico, espacio arquitectónico
Authors: Cabanes Ginés Jose Luis
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Análisi de la imagen urbana de la ciudad de Granada. Hitos y nodos a través de su historia
Authors: Delgado Olmos Ángel Humberto , Fernández Torres Francisco José , Márquez García M. Luisa , Ramírez Márquez Victoria
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Arquitectura venerable: obras recientes
Authors: Parra Bañón José Joaquín
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Parecer en relieve y salirse de la pared lo que no es
Authors: Montes Serrano Carlos
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
L'Ossa del Corpo senza Carne. La fascinación de la sección del Coliseo
Authors: Báez Mezquita Juan Manuel
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Utopía y ciudad: la imagen de Valencia de Anthonie Van den Wijngaerde
Authors: Llopis Verdú Jorge , Torres Barchino Ana
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Un código visual y arquitectónico visual
Authors: Puebla Pons Juan
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Los dibujos de Ricardo Velázquez y de Antonio Flórez para la Mezquita de Córdoba
Authors: De San Antonio Gómez Carlos
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
El magistral equívoco. La interpretación de Palladio del atrio romano
Authors: Calduch Juan
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Edición avanzada de fotomodelos de edificios
Authors: Navarro Esteve Pablo , Cabanes Ginés José Luis
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
La representación innovadora de una arquitectura museística. La línea Guggenheim
Authors: Puebla Pons Juan , Falcón Meraz J. Manuel
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
¿Por qué Peter Eisenman hace tan buenos diseños? Tácticas, estrategias y estratagemas.
Authors: García Hípola Mayka
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Conversando con...James S. Ackerman
Authors: Araque Lahoz Antonio José
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Materia y espacio. Metafísica en la obra de Aires Mateus y de Chillida
Authors: Marcos Carlos L.
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Dibujos en los libros de etiqueta en la corte de los Austrias: las representaciones gráficas al servicio del protocolo
Authors: Castaño Perea Enrique
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Dibujar de dentro a fuera: relato de una experiencia
Authors: Seguí Uriel
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Diseño de teselas con curvas de forma libre
Authors: Márquez García M. Luisa , Delgado Olmos Ángel H.
Published: June 2018

Sin resumen
Critical Design in Context
Authors: Malpass Matt
Published: June 2018

Critical Design is becoming an increasingly influential discipline, affecting policy and practice in a range of fields. Matt Malpass’s book is the first to introduce critical design as a field, providing a history of the discipline, outlining its key influences, theories and approaches, and explaining how critical design can work in practice through a range of contemporary examples. Critical Design moves away from traditional approaches that limit design’s role to the production of profitable objects, focusing instead on a practice that is interrogative, discursive and experimental. Using a wide range of examples from contemporary practice, and drawing on interviews with key practitioners, Matt Malpass provides an introduction to critical design practice and a manifesto for how a radical and unorthodox practice might provide design answers in an age of austerity and ecological crisis.
High-resolution modeling of gaseous methylamines over a polluted region in China: source-dependent emissions and implications of spatial variations
Authors: Mao Jingbo , Yu Fangqun , Zhang Yan , An Jingyu , Wang Lin , Zheng Jun , Yao Lei , Luo Gan , Ma Weichun , Yu Qi , Huang Cheng , Li Li , Chen Limin
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Amines have received increasing attention in recent years because of
their potential role in new particle formation in the atmosphere and
their impact on aerosol chemistry. High concentrations of amines are
expected to be limited to the vicinity of source regions due to
their short lifetime, highlighting the necessity of having a better
understanding of contributions of emissions from different source
types. This study presents the first high-resolution model
simulation of concentrations of methylamines on a regional scale
over the Yangtze River Delta region in East China. The WRF-Chem with
nested grids is used in model simulations. In contrast to the very
limited existing modeling studies that assumed a fixed ratio (FR) of
amines to total ammonia emission, we derive source-dependent ratios
(SDR) that distinguish C1-amine (CH3NH2), C2-amines
(C2H7N), C3-amines (C3H9N) emissions from five
different source types (agriculture, residential, transportation,
chemical industry, and other industry). The amines-to-ammonia mass
emission ratios, estimated from previous measurements, are 0.026,
0.0015, 0.0011, 0.0011, and 0.0011 for C1-amine; 0.007, 0.0018,
0.0015, 0.01, and 0.0009 for C2-amines; and 0.0004, 0.0005, 0.00043,
0.0006, and 0.0004 for C3-amines for chemical–industrial, other
industrial, agricultural, residential, and transportational sources,
respectively. The simulated concentrations of C1-, C2-, and
C3-amines, based on both FR and SDR, have been compared with field
measurements at a suburban site in Nanjing and at an urban site in
Shanghai, China. SDR substantially improves the ability of the model
in capturing the observed concentrations of
methylamines. Concentrations of C1-, C2-, and C3-amines in the
surface layer in the Yangtze River Delta region are generally in the
range of 2–20, 5–50, and 0.5–4 pptv. Vertically, the
concentrations of C1-, C2-, and C3-amines decrease quickly with
altitude, dropping by a factor of ∼10 from the surface to
∼900 hPa. Results from the present study are critical
to evaluating potential roles of amines in nucleation and chemical
processes in polluted air.
The influence of 14CO2 releases from regional nuclear facilities at the Heidelberg 14CO2 sampling site (1986–2014)
Authors: Kuderer Matthias , Hammer Samuel , Levin Ingeborg
Published: June 2018

Abstract. Atmospheric Δ14CO2 measurements are a
well-established tool to estimate the regional fossil-fuel-derived
CO2 component. However, emissions from nuclear facilities can
significantly alter the regional Δ14CO2 level. In order to
accurately quantify the signal originating from fossil CO2 emissions, a
correction term for anthropogenic 14CO2 sources has to be
determined. In this study, the HYSPLIT atmospheric dispersion model has been
applied to calculate this correction for the long-term Δ14CO2 monitoring site in Heidelberg. Wind fields with a spatial
resolution of 2.5∘ × 2.5∘,
1∘ × 1∘, and 0.5∘ × 0.5∘ show systematic deviations, with coarser
resolved wind fields leading to higher mean values for the correction. The
finally applied mean Δ14CO2 correction for the period from
1986–2014 is 2.3 ‰ with a standard deviation of 2.1 ‰
and maximum values up to 15.2 ‰.
These results are based on the 0.5∘ × 0.5∘ wind field
simulations in years when these fields were available (2009, 2011–2014), and
for the other years they are based on 2.5∘ × 2.5∘ wind
field simulations, corrected with a factor of 0.43. After operations at the
Philippsburg boiling water reactor ceased in 2011, the monthly nuclear
correction terms decreased to less than 2 ‰, with a
mean value of 0.44 ± 0.32 ‰ from 2012 to 2014.