bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of gripping volume in the mechanical strengths of orthodontic mini‐implant
Authors: Tseng Yu‐Chuan , Wu Ju‐Hui , Chen Hong‐Sen , Chen Chun‐Ming , Ting Chun‐Chan
Published: April 2017

The objective of study was to investigate the correlation between the mechanical strengths [insertion torque (IT); resonance frequency (RF); and horizontal pullout strength (HPS)] and gripping volume (GV) of mini‐implants. Thirty mini‐implants of three types (Type A: 2 mm × 10 mm, cylindrical, titanium alloy; Type B: 2 mm × 10 mm, tapered, stainless steel; and Type C: 2 mm × 11 mm, cylindrical, titanium alloy) were inserted 7 mm into artificial bones. One‐way analysis of variance and Spearman's test were applied to assess intergroup comparisons and intragroup correlations. The null hypothesis was that no statistically significant correlations exist between the GV and mechanical strengths (IT, RF, and HPS). In the IT test, Type C (14.2 Ncm) had significantly (p = 0.016) greater values than did Type A (12.4 Ncm). In the RF analysis, no significant difference was observed among the three types of mini‐implants. In the HPS test, Type C (388.9 Ncm) was significantly larger than both Type B (294.5 Ncm) and Type A (286 Ncm). In the GV measurement, Type C (14.4 mm3) was significantly larger than Type B (11.4 mm3) and Type A (9.2 mm3). Type A and Type B exhibited no significant correlations among the tests. Therefore, the null hypothesis was accepted. Although no significant correlation was noted between the GV and mechanical strengths (IT, RF, and HPS), we observed a trend that the mechanical strengths (IT, RF, and HPS) of the mini‐implants corresponded to the order and values of GV (Type C > Type B > Type A).
The Roman Street
Authors: Hartnett Jeremy
Published: April 2017

Every day Roman urbanites took to the street for myriad tasks, from hawking vegetables and worshipping local deities to simply loitering and socializing. Hartnett takes readers into this thicket of activity as he repopulates Roman streets with their full range of sensations, participants, and events that stretched far beyond simple movement. As everyone from slave to senator met in this communal space, city dwellers found unparalleled opportunities for self-aggrandizing display and the negotiation of social and political tensions. Hartnett charts how Romans preened and paraded in the street, and how they exploited the street's collective space to lob insults and respond to personal rebukes. Combining textual evidence, comparative historical material, and contemporary urban theory with architectural and art historical analysis, The Roman Street offers a social and cultural history of urban spaces that restores them to their rightful place as primary venues for social performance in the ancient world.
An Early Career Perspective on Risk Regulation
Authors: BARTLETT Oliver
Published: April 2017

I begin with two admissions. First, I am relatively new to risk regulation, and indeed academia in general, so this piece is based on still quite nascent views. Second, I fell into risk regulation scholarship almost by accident – therefore I hope this piece will provide an illustration of how strong the intellectual draw of the field is, having already captured my imagination at least!

In the following three sections I set out my risk regulation journey, and the understanding of the field I have developed so far. After summarising how I was drawn to risk regulation, I attempt to reflect philosophically on the purposes of risk regulation research, after which I outline the questions that I believe risk regulation scholars should be asking now and in future years, along with my corresponding research priorities.
Influence of soybean bioactive peptides on growth performance, nutrient utilisation, digestive tract development and intestinal histology in broilers
Authors: Abdollahi M. R. , Zaefarian F. , Gu Y. , Xiao W. , Jia J. , Ravindran V.
Published: April 2017

A biologically active peptide derived from soybeans by enzymatic hydrolysis was evaluated for its potential benefits on chicken growth performance, apparent ileal nutrient digestibility and intestinal histology in young broilers. Seven broiler starter diets, based on maize and soybean meal, were formulated to contain 0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0 and 6.0 g/kg of a commercial soybean bioactive peptide (SBP) product (Fortide, Chengdu Mytech Biotech Co. Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan, China). All diets were equivalent in respect of energy density, and digestible protein, amino acids, and other nutrients. A total of 336, one-day-old male broilers (Ross 308) were allocated to 42 cages (eight birds/cage), which were randomly assigned to the six dietary treatments. There was no significant effect of SBP on weight gain and feed intake of the birds. A significant (P < 0.01) effect of SBP was observed for FCR. Inclusion of 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 and 4.0 g SBP/kg of feed resulted in similar FCR values to the diet with no SBP, addition of SBP to the diets at 5.0 and 6.0 g/kg of feed resulted in lower (P < 0.05) FCR compared to the diet with no SBP. Inclusion of SBP had no effect (P > 0.05) on apparent ileal digestibility of nutrients and energy utilisation. Though not statistically significant, SBP inclusion, regardless of level, resulted in 5.7% and 6.3% increases in digestibility of dry matter and nitrogen, respectively. Birds receiving no SBP had the shortest villi and those fed SBP at 3.0 and 6.0 g/kg of feed tended (P = 0.075) to have the greatest villus height. The current findings suggested that including SBP in broiler diets may benefit production through improving feed efficiency, and, to some extent, nutrient digestion and intestinal histology parameters.
First report of Devonian bactritids (Cephalopoda) from South America: paleobiogeographic and biostratigraphic implications
Authors: Cichowolski Marcela , Rustán Juan J.
Published: April 2017

Devonian bactritids are described for the first time from South America. They come from siliciclastic rocks of the Talacasto Formation in the Precordillera Basin, west-central Argentina. The host strata span the Lochkovian–Emsian and contain other non-ammonoid cephalopods as well, thus refuting the alleged virtual absence of cephalopods in circumpolar Devonian basins from southwestern Gondwana (the Malvinokaffric Realm). We reportBactrites gracilisandDevonobactrites? sp., whose wide distribution contrasts with the endemic paleobiogeographic signature of some other taxonomic groups in these basins. Furthermore, new Lochkovian and Pragian records ofBactritessp. provide new insights into the earliest bactritid records worldwide.
Low-Frequency Spectral Energy Distributions of Radio Pulsars Detected with the Murchison Widefield Array
Authors: Murphy Tara , Kaplan David L. , Bell Martin E. , Callingham J. R. , Croft Steve , Johnston Simon , Dobie Dougal , Zic Andrew , Hughes Jake , Lynch Christene , Hancock Paul , Hurley-Walker Natasha , Lenc Emil , Dwarakanath K. S. , For B.-Q. , Gaensler B. M. , Hindson L. , Johnston-Hollitt M. , Kapińska A. D. , McKinley B. , Morgan J. , Offringa A. R. , Procopio P. , Staveley-Smith L. , Wayth R. , Wu C. , Zheng Q.
Published: April 2017

We present low-frequency spectral energy distributions of 60 known radio pulsars observed with the Murchison Widefield Array telescope. We searched the GaLactic and Extragalactic All-sky Murchison Widefield Array survey images for 200-MHz continuum radio emission at the position of all pulsars in the Australia Telescope National Facility (ATNF) pulsar catalogue. For the 60 confirmed detections, we have measured flux densities in 20 × 8 MHz bands between 72 and 231 MHz. We compare our results to existing measurements and show that the Murchison Widefield Array flux densities are in good agreement.
STABLE, ALMOST STABLE AND ODD POINTS OF DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS
Authors: PAWLAK RYSZARD J. , LORANTY ANNA
Published: April 2017

We consider stable and almost stable points of autonomous and nonautonomous discrete dynamical systems defined on the closed unit interval. Our considerations are associated with chaos theory by adding an additional assumption that an entropy of a function at a given point is infinite.
Climate change impacts on date palm cultivation in Saudi Arabia
Authors: ALLBED A. , KUMAR L. , SHABANI F.
Published: April 2017

Date palm (Phoenix dactyliferaL.) is an important cash crop in many countries, including Saudi Arabia. Understanding the likely potential distribution of this crop under current and future climate scenarios will enable environmental managers to prepare appropriate strategies to manage the changes. In the current study, the simulation model CLIMEX was used to develop a niche model to estimate the impacts of climate change on the current and future potential distribution of date palm. Two global climate models (GCMs), CSIRO-Mk3·0 and MIROC-H under the A2 emission scenario for 2050 and 2100, were used to assess the impacts of climate change. A sensitivity analysis was conducted to identify which model parameters had the most effect on date palm distribution. Further refinements of the potential distributions were performed through the integration of six non-climatic parameters in a geographic information system. Areas containing suitable soil taxonomy, soil texture, soil salinity, land use, landform and slopes of <7° for date palm were selected as suitable refining variables in order to achieve more realistic models. The results from both GCMs exhibited a significant reduction in climatic suitability for date palm cultivation in Saudi Arabia by 2100. Climate sensitivity analysis indicates that the lower optimal soil moisture, cold stress temperature threshold and wet stress threshold parameters had the most effect on sensitivity, while other parameters were moderately sensitive or insensitive to change. The study also demonstrated that the inclusion of non-climatic parameters with CLIMEX outputs increased the explanatory power of the models. Such models can provide early warning scenarios for how environmental managers should respond to changes in the distribution of the date palm in Saudi Arabia.
An Act of War? TheInterviewAffair, the Sony Hack, and the Hollywood–Washington Power Nexus Today
Authors: SHAW TONY , JENKINS TRICIA
Published: April 2017

Film has been an integral part of the propaganda war fought between the United States and North Korea over the past decade. The international controversy surrounding the Hollywood comedyThe Interviewin 2014 vividly demonstrated this and, in the process, drew attention to hidden dimensions of the US state security–entertainment complex in the early twenty-first century. Using the emails leaked courtesy of the Sony hack of late 2014, this article explores theInterviewaffair in detail, on the one hand revealing the close links between Sony executives and US foreign-policy advisers and on the other explaining the difficulties studios face when trying to balance commercial and political imperatives in a global market.
Sub-decadal variations in outlet glacier terminus positions in Victoria Land, Oates Land and George V Land, East Antarctica (1972–2013)
Authors: Lovell A.M. , Stokes C.R. , Jamieson S.S.R.
Published: April 2017

Recent work has highlighted the sensitivity of marine-terminating glaciers to decadal-scale changes in the ocean–climate system in parts of East Antarctica. However, compared to Greenland, West Antarctica and the Antarctic Peninsula, little is known about recent glacier change and potential cause(s), with several regions yet to be studied in detail. In this paper, we map the terminus positions of 135 glaciers along the coastline of Victoria Land, Oates Land and George V Land from 1972–2013 at a higher temporal resolution (sub-decadal intervals) than in previous research. These three regions span a range of climatic and oceanic conditions and contain a variety of glacier types. Overall, from 1972–2013, 36% of glaciers advanced, 25% retreated and the remainder showed no discernible change. On sub-decadal timescales, there were no clear trends in glacier terminus position change. However, marine-terminating glaciers experienced larger terminus position changes compared with terrestrial glaciers, and those with an unconstrained floating tongue exhibited the largest variations. We conclude that, unlike in Greenland, West Antarctica and the Antarctic Peninsula, there is no clear glacier retreat in the study area and that most of the variations are more closely linked to glacier size and terminus type.
Strategien von Teams im Umgang mit Zeitdruck
Authors: Schwendener Sandra , Berset Martial , Krause Andreas
Published: April 2017

Zusammenfassung. Die Mehrheit der Erwerbstätigen erlebt zumindest phasenweise Zeitdruck im Arbeitsalltag. Bislang wurden vor allem individuelle Strategien zur Bewältigung solcher Drucksituationen erforscht, während kaum Erkenntnisse zu gemeinsamen Strategien von Teams vorliegen. Die Studie soll einen Beitrag zum Schließen der Lücke leisten, indem ein neues Instrument vorgestellt wird, das ein Messen von Teamstrategien im Umgang mit Zeitdruck ermöglicht. In einem ersten Schritt wurde in einer qualitativen Vorstudie untersucht, welche Strategien Teams einsetzen, um gemeinsam mit Zeitdruck umzugehen. Darauf basierend wurde ein Fragebogen entwickelt und in einer quantitativen Studie eingesetzt (N = 281). Explorative Faktorenanalyse und Reliabilitätsanalysen ergaben 12 Skalen zur Erfassung gemeinsamer Bewältigungsstrategien von Teams im Umgang mit Zeitdruck. Die zwei Strategien „Anforderungen klären“ und „Prioritäten setzen“ hatten einen puffenden Effekt auf den Zusammenhang zwischen Zeitdruck und Erschöpfung. Die Zusammenhänge zwischen den Teamstrategien und Erschöpfung deuten ferner darauf hin, dass zwischen aktiven und aktiv-selbstgefährdenden Teamstrategien unterschieden werden sollte.
Collective Human Agency in the Context of Organizational Participation
Authors: Weber Wolfgang Georg , Jeppesen Hans Jeppe
Published: April 2017

Abstract. Connecting the social cognitive approach of human agency by Bandura (1997) and activity theory by Leontiev (1978) , this paper proposes a new theoretical framework for analyzing and understanding employee participation in organizational decision-making. Focusing on the social cognitive concepts of self-reactiveness, self-reflectiveness, intentionality, and forethought, commonalities, complementarities, and differences between both theories are explained. Efficacy in agency is conceived as a cognitive foundation of work motivation, whereas the mediation of societal requirements and resources through practical activity is conceptualized as an ecological approach to motivation. Additionally, we discuss to which degree collective objectifications can be understood as material indicators of employees’ collective efficacy. By way of example, we explore whether an integrated application of concepts from both theories promotes a clearer understanding of mechanisms connected to the practice of employee participation.
Atrazine degradation through PEI-copper nanoparticles deposited onto montmorillonite and sand
Authors: Kalidhasan Sethu , Dror Ishai , Berkowitz Brian
Published: April 2017

We present the synthesis of new composite materials based on copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) deposited onto montmorillonite (MK10) and quartz sand, for degradation of atrazine, in the context of an advanced oxidation process (AOP). The synthesis involves a first step in which polyethylenimine (PEI) capped Cu NPs (PEI_Cu NPs) are prepared, and then deposited onto, separately, MK10 and sand, through a solvent impregnation method. The resulting products are characterized in detail; the copper is found to exist as a mixture of copper (I, II) oxide. The degradation of atrazine follows a second-order kinetic model with constant values of K2 = 1.7957 g mg−1min−1for MK10_PEI_Cu NPs and K2 = 0.8133 g mg−1min−1for sand_PEI_Cu NPs. The reaction rate is linked to Cu2O and CuO redox-active species within the layers, pores and surface of the host materials. A degradation mechanism is found with application of these composite materials in the presence of H2O2; adsorption occurs in the absence of H2O2. In contrast, the unmodified MK10 and sand exhibit adsorption in both of the above reaction conditions. Finally, the stability of the Cu NPs following degradation is evaluated, and no significant amount of copper leaching is found.
Identification of a nanobody specific to human pulmonary surfactant protein A
Authors: He Xian , Wang Shan-Mei , Fang Yin Zhao , Zhao Meng-Meng , Li Nan , Yu Feng , Wang Liu-Sheng , Hu Yang , Du Yu-Kui , Du Shan-Shan , Li Yan , Wei Ya-Ru , Chen Shan-Shan , He Jian-Hua , Weng Dong , Li Hui-Ping
Published: April 2017

Nanobody (Nb) is a promising vector for targeted drug delivery. This study aims to identify an Nb that can specifically target the lung by binding human pulmonary surfactant protein A (SP-A). Human lung frozen tissue sections were used for 3 rounds of biospanning of our previously constructed Nb library for rat SP-A to establish a sub-library of Nb, which specifically bound human lung tissues. Phage-ELISA was performed to screen the sub-library to identify Nb4, which specifically bound human SP-A. The binding affinity Kd of Nb4 to recombinant human SP-A was 7.48 × 10−7 M. Nb4 (19 kDa) was stable at 30 °C–37 °C and pH 7.0–7.6 and specifically bound the SP-A in human lung tissue homogenates, human lung A549 cells, and human lung tissues, whereas didn’t react with human liver L-02 cells, kidney 293T cells, and human tissues from organs other than the lung. Nb4 accumulated in the lung of nude mice 5 minutes after a tail vein injection of Nb4 and was excreted 3 hours. Short-term exposure (one month) to Nb4 didn’t cause apparent liver and kidney toxicity in rats, whereas 3-month exposure resulted in mild liver and kidney injuries. Nb4 may be a promising vector to specifically deliver drugs to the lung.
Transcription factors NF-YA2 and NF-YA10 regulate leaf growth via auxin signaling in Arabidopsis
Authors: Zhang Min , Hu Xiaolong , Zhu Ming , Xu Miaoyun , Wang Lei
Published: April 2017

In plants, leaf is crucial for photosynthesis and respiration. Leaf area and quantity are important for leaf vegetables to increase biomass. The process of leaf development involves coordinated regulation among small RNAs, transcription factors and hormones. Here, we found leaf size were regulated by transcription factors NF-YA2 and NF-YA10 in Arabidopsis. NF-YA2 and NF-YA10 overexpression increased biomass accumulation through promoting leaf growth and cell expansion. NF-YA2 and NF-YA10 were expressed in SAM and leaf vasculature. Endogenous IAA content reduced by 20% and 24% in transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing NF-YA2 and NF-YA10 compared to wild-type plants. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that NF-YA2 and NF-YA10 bound directly to the cis-element CCAAT in the promoter of the YUC2, and decreased the expression of YUC2, a YUCCA family gene. The auxin transporter gene PIN1 and auxin response factor1 and 2 (ARF1 and ARF2) genes, transcriptional repressors, were downregulated. These findings showed leaf development was regulated by NF-YA2 and NF-YA10 through the auxin-signaling pathway and may provide a new insight into the genetic engineering of vegetables biomass and crop productivity.
In vitro fibrillogenesis of tropocollagen type III in collagen type I affects its relative fibrillar topology and mechanics
Authors: Asgari Meisam , Latifi Neda , Heris Hossein K. , Vali Hojatollah , Mongeau Luc
Published: April 2017

Tropocollagen types I and III were simultaneously fibrilized in vitro, and the differences between the geometric and mechanical properties of the heterotypic fibrils with different mixing ratios of tropocollagen III to I were investigated. Transmission electron microscopy was used to confirm the simultaneous presence of both tropocollagen types within the heterotypic fibrils. The incorporation of collagen III in I caused the fibrils to be thinner with a shorter D-banding than pure collagen I. Hertzian contact model was used to obtain the elastic moduli from atomic force microscope indentation testing using a force volume analysis. The results indicated that an increase in the percentage of tropocollagen III reduced the mechanical stiffness of the obtained fibrils. The mechanical stiffness of the collagen fibrils was found to be greater at higher loading frequencies. This observation might explain the dominance of collagen III over I in soft distensible organs such as human vocal folds.
Filamentous bulking caused by Thiothrix species is efficiently controlled in full-scale wastewater treatment plants by implementing a sludge densification strategy
Authors: Henriet Olivier , Meunier Christophe , Henry Paul , Mahillon Jacques
Published: April 2017

Filamentous bulking caused by Thiothrix species is responsible for sludge washout and loss of performance in dairy wastewater treatment plants. A long-term study was conducted over 1.5 years to test three different mitigation strategies in a full-scale plant composed of two parallel sequential batch reactors (SBR1 and 2). Strategies based on polyaluminium chloride addition and volatile fatty acids reduction were ineffective to permanently solve the problem. On the contrary, modification of the reactor cycle based on the implementation of a periodic starvation proved efficient to solve the biomass wash-out and drastically reduce the sludge volume index in both reactors. Bacterial diversity analysis using 16S amplicon sequencing and quantitative PCR indicated a reduction of Thiothrix abundance from 51.9 to 1.0% in SBR1 and from 71.8 to 0.6% in SBR2. Simultaneously, the abundance of the glycogen-accumulating bacterium Candidatus Competibacter increased in both reactors. Microscopy analysis confirmed the transition between a bulking sludge towards a granular-like sludge. This study confirms the applicability of a periodic starvation to (1) solve recurring Thiothrix bulking, (2) convert loose aggregates into dense and compact granular-like structures and (3) considerably reduce energy demand for aeration.
The Rational Design of Therapeutic Peptides for Aminopeptidase N using a Substrate-Based Approach
Authors: Joshi Shilvi , Chen Lang , Winter Michael B. , Lin Yi-Lun , Yang Yang , Shapovalova Mariya , Smith Paige M. , Liu Chang , Li Fang , LeBeau Aaron M.
Published: April 2017

The M1 family of metalloproteases represents a large number of exopeptidases that cleave single amino acid residues from the N-terminus of peptide substrates. One member of this family that has been well studied is aminopeptidase N (APN), a multifunctional protease known to cleave biologically active peptides and aide in coronavirus entry. The proteolytic activity of APN promotes cancer angiogenesis and metastasis making it an important target for cancer therapy. To understand the substrate specificity of APN for the development of targeted inhibitors, we used a global substrate profiling method to determine the P1–P4′ amino acid preferences. The key structural features of the APN pharmacophore required for substrate recognition were elucidated by x-ray crystallography. By combining these substrate profiling and structural data, we were able to design a selective peptide inhibitor of APN that was an effective therapeutic both in vitro and in vivo against APN-expressing prostate cancer models.
Identification of Streptococcus cristatus peptides that repress expression of virulence genes in Porphyromonas gingivalis
Authors: Ho Meng-Hsuan , Lamont Richard J. , Xie Hua
Published: April 2017

Dental plaque is a complex multispecies biofilm, and is a direct precursor of periodontal disease. The virulence of periodontal pathogens, such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, is expressed in the context of this polymicrobial community. Previously, we reported an antagonistic relationship between Streptococcus cristatus and P. gingivalis, and identified arginine deiminase (ArcA) of S. cristatus as the signaling molecule to which P. gingivalis responds by repressing the expression and production of FimA protein. Here we demonstrate that direct interaction between P. gingivalis and S. cristatus is necessary for the cell-cell communication. Two surface proteins of P. gingivalis, PGN_0294 and PGN_0806, were found to interact with S. cristatus ArcA. Using a peptide array analysis, we identified several P. gingivalis-binding sites of ArcA, which led to the discovery of an 11-mer peptide with the native sequence of ArcA that repressed expression of fimbriae and of gingipains. These data indicate that a functional motif of ArcA is sufficient to selectively alter virulence gene expression in P. gingivalis, and PGN_0294 and PGN_0806 may serve as receptors for ArcA. Our findings provide a molecular basis for future rational design of agents that interfere with the initiation and formation of a P. gingivalis-induced pathogenic community.
The novel transcriptional factor HP1BP3 negatively regulates Hsp70 transcription in Crassostrea hongkongensis
Authors: Xu Delin , Yang Qin , Cui Miao , Zhang Qizhong
Published: April 2017

ChHP1BP3, a chromatin complex-related protein known with dynamic features, was identified as a ChHsp70 promoter-associated factor in Crassostrea hongkongensis by DNA-affinity purification and mass spectrometry analysis. Direct interaction between purified ChHP1BP3 and the ChHsp70 promoter region was demonstrated using EMSA. ChHp1bp3 depletion led to clear enhancements in ChHsp70 mRNA expression in C. hongkongensis hemocytes. However, ChHp1bp3 overexpression in heterologous HEK293T cells correlated with fluctuations in ChHsp70 transcription. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that both ChHsp70 and ChHp1bp3 transcription were responsive to external physical/chemical stresses by heat, CdCl2 and NP. This indicated a plausible correlation between ChHsp70 and ChHp1bp3 in the stress-induced genetic regulatory pathway. While, the distinctive ChHp1bp3 expression patterns upon physical and chemical stresses suggest that the mechanisms that mediate ChHp1bp3 induction might be stress-specific. This study discovered a novel role for HP1BP3 as a negative regulator in controlling Hsp70 transcription in C. hongkongensis, and contributed to better understanding the complex regulatory mechanisms governing Hsp70 transcription.
Enhanced mechanical, thermal, and electric properties of graphene aerogels via supercritical ethanol drying and high-temperature thermal reduction
Authors: Cheng Yehong , Zhou Shanbao , Hu Ping , Zhao Guangdong , Li Yongxia , Zhang Xinghong , Han Wenbo
Published: April 2017

Graphene aerogels with high surface areas, ultra-low densities and thermal conductivities have been prepared to exploit their wide applications from pollution adsorption to energy storage, supercapacitor, and thermal insulation. However, the low mechanical properties, poor thermal stability and electric conductivity restrict these aerogels’ applications. In this paper, we prepared mechanically strong graphene aerogels with large BET surface areas, low thermal conductivities, high thermal stability and electric conductivities via hydrothermal reduction and supercritical ethanol drying. Annealing at 1500 °C resulted in slightly increased thermal conductivity and further improvement in mechanical properties, oxidation temperature and electric conductivity of the graphene aerogel. The large BET surface areas, together with strong mechanical properties, low thermal conductivities, high thermal stability and electrical conductivities made these graphene aerogels feasible candidates for use in a number of fields covering from batteries to sensors, electrodes, lightweight conductor and insulation materials.
N-Glycan Modification of a Recombinant Protein via Coexpression of Human Glycosyltransferases in Silkworm Pupae
Authors: Kato Tatsuya , Kako Natsumi , Kikuta Kotaro , Miyazaki Takatsugu , Kondo Sachiko , Yagi Hirokazu , Kato Koichi , Park Enoch Y.
Published: April 2017

Recombinant proteins produced in insect cells and insects, unlike those produced in mammalian cells, have pauci-mannose-type N-glycans. In this study, we examined complex-type N-glycans on recombinant proteins via coexpression of human β-1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase II (hGnT II) and human β1,4-galactosyltransferase (hGalT I) in silkworm pupae, by using the Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) bacmid system. The actin A3 promoter from B. mori and the polyhedrin promoter from Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedroviruses (AcMNPVs) were used to coexpress hGnT II and hGalT I. These recombinant BmNPVs were coexpressed with human IgG (hIgG), hGnT II and hGalT I in silkworm pupae. When hIgG was coexpressed with hGnT II, approximately 15% of all N-glycans were biantennary, with both arms terminally modified with N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc). In contrast, when hIgG was coexpressed with both hGnT II and hGalT I under the control of the polyhedrin promoter, 27% of all N-glycans were biantennary and terminally modified with GlcNAc, with up to 5% carrying one galactose and 11% carrying two. The obtained N-glycan structure was dependent on the promoters used for coexpression of hGnT II or hGalT I. This is the first report of silkworm pupae producing a biantennary, terminally galactosylated N-glycan in a recombinant protein. These results suggest that silkworms can be used as alternatives to insect and mammalian hosts to produce recombinant glycoproteins with complex N-glycans.
Expression and localisation of two-pore domain (K2P) background leak potassium ion channels in the mouse retina
Authors: Hughes Steven , Foster Russell G. , Peirson Stuart N. , Hankins Mark W.
Published: April 2017

Two-pore domain (K2P) potassium channels perform essential roles in neuronal function. These channels produce background leak type potassium currents that act to regulate resting membrane potential and levels of cellular excitability. 15 different K2P channels have been identified in mammals and these channels perform important roles in a wide number of physiological systems. However, to date there is only limited data available concerning the expression and role of K2P channels in the retina. In this study we conduct the first comprehensive study of K2P channel expression in the retina. Our data show that K2P channels are widely expressed in the mouse retina, with variations in expression detected at different times of day and throughout postnatal development. The highest levels of K2P channel expression are observed for Müller cells (TWIK-1, TASK-3, TRAAK, and TREK-2) and retinal ganglion cells (TASK-1, TREK-1, TWIK-1, TWIK-2 and TWIK-3). These data offer new insight into the channels that regulate the resting membrane potential and electrical activity of retinal cells, and suggests that K2P channels are well placed to act as central regulators of visual signalling pathways. The prominent role of K2P channels in neuroprotection offers novel avenues of research into the treatment of common retinal diseases.
Correction: Corrigendum: Recovery of Interdependent Networks
Authors: Di Muro M. A. , La Rocca C. E. , Stanley H. E. , Havlin S. , Braunstein L. A.
Published: April 2017

Scientific Reports 6: Article number: 22834; published online: 09 March 2016; updated: 26 April 2017. The Supplementary Information file originally published with this Article omitted Reference 1, and a number of equations contained errors. Therefore, now reads: now reads: now reads: These errors have been corrected in the Supplementary Information that now accompanies the Article.
Correction: Corrigendum: Characterization of a P1-like bacteriophage carrying CTX-M-27 in Salmonella spp. resistant to third generation cephalosporins isolated from pork in China
Authors: Yang Ling , Li Wan , Jiang Gui-Ze , Zhang Wen-Hui , Ding Huan-Zhong , Liu Ya-Hong , Zeng Zhen-Ling , Jiang Hong-Xia
Published: April 2017

Scientific Reports 7: Article number: 40710; published online: 18 January 2017; updated: 26 April 2017 This Article contains errors in the Materials and Methods section under subheading ‘Prevalence investigation of P1-like bacteriophage in Salmonella isolates’, where incorrect primers were quoted. “The presence of the insertion sequence on the other nontypeable plasmids carrying bla CTX-M-27 gene was detected using the following primers: IS-fw (AGAATCATCGC CGAAGGGCTGTAACTGGTTTT) and IS-rev (GCGAACATCATCCGTTGCACT CTCTTTGT)”.
Planar-chiral ferrocenylphosphine-borane complexes featuring agostic-type B–H⋯E (E = Hg, Sn) interactions
Authors: Tagne Kuate Alain C. , Lalancette Roger A. , Jäkle F.
Published: April 2017

Ferrocenylphosphine-borane adducts with Lewis acidic organotin and organomercury substituents inortho-position show rare agostic-type B–H⋯E (E = Sn, Hg) interactions that have been studied by single crystal XRD, multinuclear solution NMR, and computational methods.
Comment on “Colloidal stability of reduced graphene oxide materials prepared using different reducing agents” by Y. Qi, T. Xia, Y. Li, L. Duan and W. Chen, Environ. Sci.: Nano, 2016, 3, 1062
Authors: Moazzami Gudarzi Mohsen
Published: April 2017

The colloidal stability of graphene oxide and its reduced forms can be described using classical DLVO theory. This contradicts the claims by Qi et al. (Environ. Sci.: Nano, 2016, 3, 1062–1071).
Enhanced light–matter interaction of a MoS2 monolayer with a gold mirror layer
Authors: Xu Haifeng
Published: April 2017

The light–matter interaction of the MoS2 monolayer can be enhanced on a substrate with a gold mirror layer.
N,N-Dimethylformamide-stabilized copper nanoparticles as a catalyst precursor for Sonogashira–Hagihara cross coupling
Authors: Oka Hideo , Kitai Katsuya , Suzuki Takeyuki , Obora Yasushi
Published: April 2017

We found that DMF-stabilized Cu NPs have high catalytic activity in the Sonogashira cross-coupling reaction at low catalyst loadings (0.2 mol%).
Optimizing the balance between stiffness and flexibility by tuning the compatibility of a poly(lactic acid)/ethylene copolymer
Authors: Zhao Liang-liang , Su Juan-juan , Han Jian , Zhang Bin , Ou Lu
Published: April 2017

The brittleness of poly(lacticacid) (PLA) is a major drawback for its wide application.
A pseudo-ELISA based on molecularly imprinted nanoparticles for detection of gentamicin in real samples
Authors: Tang Si-Ping , Canfarotta Francesco , Smolinska-Kempisty Katarzyna , Piletska Elena , Guerreiro Antonio , Piletsky Sergey
Published: April 2017

In this work, molecularly imprinted nanoparticles are used as direct replacement of antibodies in a pseudo-ELISA format (competitive assay) for detection of gentamicin in spiked milk.
Characterising and reducing the blank response from mercury vapour sorbent tubes
Authors: Brown Richard J. C. , Braysher Emma C. , McGhee Elizabeth A. , Goddard Sharon L. , Ent Hugo , Kim Ki-Hyun , Nielsen Jasslie
Published: April 2017

A novel investigation into the blank response of sorbent tubes used for sampling and measuring mercury vapour is presented.
Analysis of hydrogen isotopes with quadrupole mass spectrometry
Authors: Cao Dawei , Peng Shuming , Chen Xiaojun , Hou Jingwei , Chen Ping , Xiao Chengjian , Gong Yu , Wang Heyi
Published: April 2017

Hydrogen isotope separation is one of the most critical technological problems in nuclear fusion research, and, in order to assess accurately the performance of hydrogen isotope separation, quantitative analysis of hydrogen isotopes takes priority and becomes the first essential problem to be addressed.
A temperature-resolved assembly of a series of the largest scandium-containing polyoxotungstates
Authors: Cai Zhen-Wen , Yang Tao , Qi Yan-Jie , Li Xin-Xiong , Zheng Shou-Tian
Published: April 2017

The first series of hexameric scandium-substituted polyoxometalates have been isolated from the same reaction by a temperature-resolved crystallization process, which represent the largest scandium-containing polyoxometalates with the largest number of scandium cations.
Synthesis, characterization and in vitro and in vivo anticancer activity of Pt(iv) derivatives of [Pt(1S,2S-DACH)(5,6-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)]
Authors: Harper Benjamin W. J. , Petruzzella Emanuele , Sirota Roman , Faccioli Fernanda Fabiola , Aldrich-Wright Janice R. , Gandin Valentina , Gibson Dan
Published: April 2017

Synthesis and biological evaluation in vitro and in vivo of functionalized Pt(iv) derivatives of Pt56MeSS.
Lithium extraction from Chinese salt-lake brines: opportunities, challenges, and future outlook
Authors: Song Jian Feng , Nghiem Long D. , Li Xue-Mei , He Tao
Published: April 2017

Chinese salt-lake brine is mainly of the magnesium sulfate subtype with a high Mg/Li ratio. To extract high purity lithium chloride from Chinese brine has been a decade-long challenge. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art of lithium extraction from Chinese salt-lake brine.
Oxidative polymerization of catecholamines: structural access by high-resolution mass spectrometry
Authors: Woehlk Hendrik , Steinkoenig Jan , Lang Christiane , Goldmann Anja S. , Barner Leonie , Blinco James P. , Fairfull-Smith Kathryn E. , Barner-Kowollik Christopher
Published: April 2017

We introduce an avenue for the structural elucidation of bio-inspired functional poly(catecholamines) via high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.
Assessing the effective factors affecting the conformational preferences and the early and late transition states of the unimolecular retro-ene decomposition reactions of ethyl cyanate, ethyl thiocyanate and ethyl selenocyanate
Authors: Atabaki Hooshang , Nori-Shargh Davood , Momen-Heravi Mohamad
Published: April 2017

The variations of Δ[(HCGAE(X3–C4weakening) – HCGAE(X3–C4strengthening)] parameters correlate well with the variations of the retro-ene decomposition reactions barrier heights going from compound1to compound3.
Porous 3D carbon decorated Fe3O4 nanocomposite electrode for highly symmetrical supercapacitor performance
Authors: Lim You Sing , Lai Chin Wei , Abd Hamid Sharifah Bee
Published: April 2017

Fe3O4 coated porous hydrochar nanocomposite for high performance supercapacitors with a wide potential window (1.8 V) and high energy density.
Copper–gold sandwich structures on PE and PET and their SERS enhancement effect
Authors: Reznickova Alena , Slepicka Petr , Nguyenova Hoang Yen , Kolska Zdenka , Dendisova Marcela , Svorcik Vaclav
Published: April 2017

In this paper we have investigated the SERS effect of gold–copper sandwich structures i.e. the coupling between surface plasmon polaritons supported by the gold grating and localized surface plasmons excited on the grafted copper nanoparticles.
Fabrication of PEBA/Cu2O mixed-matrix membranes and their application in pyridine recovery from aqueous solution
Authors: Chen Jian Hua , Su Zhen Bo , Xu Jing Ping , Lin Li Jing , Dong Xin Fei , Peng Qian , San He Ya , Nie Yu Jing
Published: April 2017

The lone pair of electrons of the pyridine nitrogen atom can form a complex with some metal ions such as Cu+, Ag+, etc.
Facile synthesis of a α-MoO3 nanoplate/TiO2 nanotube composite for high electrochemical performance
Authors: Sun Shupei , Liao Xiaoming , Sun Yu , Yin Guangfu , Yao Yadong , Huang Zhongbing , Pu Ximing
Published: April 2017

A novel α-MoO3/TiO2 composite electrode material for high performance supercapacitor applications was synthesized using a facile electrodeposition technique.
Effective removal of salicylic and gallic acids from single component and impurity-containing systems using an isatin-modified adsorption resin
Authors: Han Fei , Xu Chao , Sun Wei-Zhi , Yu Shi-Tao , Xian Mo
Published: April 2017

Studies on the adsorption properties of salicylic and gallic acids by an isatin-modified resin from single and impurity-containing systems.
Fluorescent detection of multiple ions by two related chemosensors: structural elucidations and logic gate applications
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Kumar Pramod , Gupta Rajeev
Published: April 2017

Two related chemosensors L1 and L2 display selective detection of multiple ions (Cu2+, Al3+, Cd2+ and S2−) as a result of minor variation of functional groups at a remote arene ring.
Three sandwich-type zinc(ii)–lanthanide(iii) clusters: structures, luminescence and magnetic properties
Authors: Song Xue-Qin , Liu Pan-Pan , Wang Cai-yun , Liu Yuan-An , Liu Wei-Sheng , Zhang Mo
Published: April 2017

We present herein three sandwich-type luminescent ZnII–LnIII clusters with ZnII–DyIII being SMMs with a slow zero-field relaxation.
Teratogenic, cardiotoxic and hepatotoxic properties of related ionic liquids reveal the biological importance of anionic components
Authors: Pandey Aditi , Ekka Mary Krishna , Ranjan Shashi , Maiti Souvik , Sachidanandan Chetana
Published: April 2017

Whole organism assays in zebrafish reveal novel biological activities of ionic liquids.
CuCo2O4nanowire arrays supported on carbon cloth as an efficient 3D binder-free electrode for non-enzymatic glucose sensing
Authors: Luo X. , Huang M. , Bie L. , He D. , Zhang Y. , Jiang P.
Published: April 2017

CuCo2O4nanowire arrays supported on carbon cloth (CuCo2O4NWAs/CC) were preparedviaa simple hydrothermal synthesis and subsequent calcination process and utilized as a 3D binder-free electrode for non-enzymatic glucose sensing with high performance.
Indium-based metal–organic frameworks as catalysts: synthesis of 2-nitro-3-arylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines via oxidative amination under air using MIL-68(In) as an effective heterogeneous catalyst
Authors: Ha Phuong T. M. , Lieu Thien N. , Doan Son H. , Phan Trang T. B. , Nguyen Tung T. , Truong Thanh , Phan Nam T. S.
Published: April 2017

The metal–organic framework MIL-68(In) has emerged as a productive heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of 2-nitro-3-arylimidazo[1,2-a]pyridines via oxidative amination between 2-aminopyridines and nitroalkenes using air as an oxidation agent.
Electrospinning synthesis of Co3O4@C nanofibers as a high-performance anode for sodium ion batteries
Authors: Mao Zhenwei , Zhou Min , Wang Kangli , Wang Wei , Tao Hongwei , Jiang Kai
Published: April 2017

Co3O4@CNFs was fabricated facilely with unique 1D structure of Co3O4 nanoparticles encapsulated in carbon nanofibers, delivering a high reversible capacity of 422.4 mA h g−1 with outstanding rate capability and cycling performance.
A low-cost, high-efficiency light absorption structure inspired by the Papilio ulysses butterfly
Authors: Wang Wanlin , Zhang Wang , Zhang Di , Wang Guo Ping
Published: April 2017

The nano-hole array structure in the black scales of the butterfly can be viewed as a natural solar collector.
Modulation of electrostatic interactions to reveal a reaction network unifying the aggregation behaviour of the Aβ42 peptide and its variants
Authors: Meisl Georg , Yang Xiaoting , Dobson Christopher M. , Linse Sara , Knowles Tuomas P. J.
Published: April 2017

The aggregation of Aβ42, linked to Alzheimer's disease, can be altered significantly by variations of the ionic strength of the solution, providing a means to relate the differences in aggregation mechanism of other Ab variants to changes in electrostatic interactions.
Aminated poly(vinyl chloride) solid state adsorbents with hydrophobic function for post-combustion CO2capture
Authors: Sneddon Gregor , McGlynn Jessica C. , Neumann Marie S. , Aydin Halil M. , Yiu Humphrey H. P. , Ganin Alexey Y.
Published: April 2017

The paper presents a novel sustainable route for the production of carbon capture materials from general plastic waste.
A regioregular conjugated polymer for high performance thick-film organic solar cells without processing additive
Authors: Zhong Hongliang , Ye Long , Chen Jung-Yao , Jo Sae Byeok , Chueh Chu-Chen , Carpenter Joshua H. , Ade Harald , Jen Alex K.-Y.
Published: April 2017

Regioregular PTB7-Th with pre-designated repeat units achieves over 10% efficiency in thick-film solar cells without the assistance of a solvent additive.
Enhancing the thermoelectric performance of SnSe1−xTex nanoplates through band engineering
Authors: Hong Min , Chen Zhi-Gang , Yang Lei , Chasapis Thomas C. , Kang Stephen Dongmin , Zou Yichao , Auchterlonie Graeme John , Kanatzidis Mercouri G. , Snyder G. Jeffrey , Zou Jin
Published: April 2017

Owing to the convergence of multivalence bands, the thermoelectric performance of polycrystalline SnSe was significantly enhanced.
Atomic-scale surface modifications and novel electrode designs for high-performance sodium-ion batteries via atomic layer deposition
Authors: Meng Xiangbo
Published: April 2017

This review summarized the research efforts using atomic layer deposition for high-performance sodium-ion batteries.
Facile synthesis of magnetic covalent organic frameworks for the hydrophilic enrichment of N-glycopeptides
Authors: Wang Heping , Jiao Fenglong , Gao Fangyuan , Huang Junjie , Zhao Yan , Shen Yehua , Zhang Yangjun , Qian Xiaohong
Published: April 2017

Magnetic covalent organic frameworks were synthesized as novel hydrophilic materials for specific enrichment of glycopeptides.
Site-specific sonocatalytic tumor suppression by chemically engineered single-crystalline mesoporous titanium dioxide sonosensitizers
Authors: Wang Xi , Wang Wenping , Yu Luodan , Tang Yang , Cao Jiaying , Chen Yu
Published: April 2017

Mesoporous silica nanocrystals have been developed as sonosensitizers for efficient dynamic therapy of tumors.
Controlling the excited-state energy levels of 9,9′-bifluorenylidene derivatives by twisting their structure to attaining singlet fission character in organic photovoltaics
Authors: Kawata So , Furudate Junki , Kimura Takuya , Minaki Hiroko , Saito Ayaka , Katagiri Hiroshi , Pu Yong-Jin
Published: April 2017

9,9′-Bifluorenylidene (BFN) derivatives, in which the two fluorene moieties are connected via a CC double bond at the 9-position, are expected to show singlet fission (SF) character in organic photovoltaics (OPVs).
Carbon quantum dots in ionic liquids: a new generation of environmentally benign photoluminescent inks
Authors: Sun Xiaofeng , Yin Keyang , Liu Baoyong , Zhou Shengju , Cao Jiamei , Zhang Geping , Li Hongguang
Published: April 2017

Photoluminescent (PL) inks based on carbon quantum dots (CQDs) and room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) were prepared, leading to the production of highly luminescent letters that could resist harsh conditions.
A luminescent ratiometric thermometer based on thermally coupled levels of a Dy-MOF
Authors: Xia Tifeng , Cui Yuanjing , Yang Yu , Qian Guodong
Published: April 2017

A self-referenced Dy3+-MOF thermometer based on thermally coupled energy levels has been developed, which exhibits good temperature sensing performance in the range from 298 to 473 K with a resolution of 0.05 K.
Fully GPU‐based electromagnetic transient simulation considering large‐scale control systems for system‐level studies
Authors: Song Yankan , Chen Ying , Huang Shaowei , Xu Yin , Yu Zhitong , Marti Jose R.
Published: April 2017

As more generators and loads are integrated by power electronic converters with complicated controls, electromagnetic transients (EMTs) simulation becomes an important tool for studying dynamic characteristics of large‐scale power systems. To accelerate system‐level EMT simulations, a fine‐grained parallel algorithm on graphics processing units (GPU) is proposed. By decomposing the computational models of the EMT simulation into heterogeneous, homogeneous and network solution computations, the simulations are mapped into three unified GPU kernels. To incorporate control signals and non‐linear features of electrical components, heterogeneous computations are formulated as layered direct acyclic graphs (LDAG) of primitive operations. An LDAG kernel is designed to carry out theses primitive operations efficiently by grouped threads. Then, homogeneous computations for state updates of electrical components are modelled as sets of fused multiply‐add (FMA) operations, which are concurrently processed by an FMA kernel. Moreover, a hybrid network solution kernel is designed to solve the network equations, which can adaptively select dense or sparse solvers. Large‐scale test systems are created and simulated on an NVIDIA K20x GPU. The results show that the proposed GPU‐based EMT simulations are accurate and achieve 10x speedups over the CPU‐based ones.