bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effectiveness of Smartphone-Based Mindfulness Training on Maternal Perinatal Depression: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Sun Yaoyao , Li Yanyan , Wang Juan , Chen Qingyi , Bazzano Alessandra N , Cao Fenglin
Published: January 2021

Background

Despite potential for benefit, mindfulness remains an emergent area in perinatal mental health care, and evidence of smartphone-based mindfulness training for perinatal depression is especially limited.

Objective

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a smartphone-based mindfulness training intervention during pregnancy on perinatal depression and other mental health problems with a randomized controlled design.

Methods

Pregnant adult women who were potentially at risk of perinatal depression were recruited from an obstetrics clinic and randomized to a self-guided 8-week smartphone-based mindfulness training during pregnancy group or attention control group. Mental health indicators were surveyed over five time points through the postpartum period by online self-assessment. The assessor who collected the follow-up data was blind to the assignment. The primary outcome was depression as measured by symptoms, and secondary outcomes were anxiety, stress, affect, sleep, fatigue, memory, and fear.

Results

A total of 168 participants were randomly allocated to the mindfulness training (n=84) or attention control (n=84) group. The overall dropout rate was 34.5%, and 52.4% of the participants completed the intervention. Mindfulness training participants reported significant improvement of depression (group × time interaction χ24=16.2, P=.003) and secondary outcomes (χ24=13.1, P=.01 for anxiety; χ24=8.4, P=.04 for positive affect) compared to attention control group participants. Medium between-group effect sizes were found on depression and positive affect at postintervention, and on anxiety in late pregnancy (Cohen d=0.47, –0.49, and 0.46, respectively). Mindfulness training participants reported a decreased risk of positive depressive symptom (Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale [EPDS] score>9) compared to attention control participants postintervention (odds ratio [OR] 0.391, 95% CI 0.164-0.930) and significantly higher depression symptom remission with different EPDS reduction scores from preintervention to postintervention (OR 3.471-27.986). Parity did not show a significant moderating effect; however, for nulliparous women, mindfulness training participants had significantly improved depression symptoms compared to nulliparous attention control group participants (group × time interaction χ24=18.1, P=.001).

Conclusions

Smartphone-based mindfulness training is an effective intervention in improving maternal perinatal depression for those who are potentially at risk of perinatal depression in early pregnancy. Nulliparous women are a promising subgroup who may benefit more from mindfulness training.

Trial Registration

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR1900028521; http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=33474
mPulse Mobile Sensing Model for Passive Detection of Impulsive Behavior: Exploratory Prediction Study
Authors: Wen Hongyi , Sobolev Michael , Vitale Rachel , Kizer James , Pollak J P , Muench Frederick , Estrin Deborah
Published: January 2021

Background

Mobile health technology has demonstrated the ability of smartphone apps and sensors to collect data pertaining to patient activity, behavior, and cognition. It also offers the opportunity to understand how everyday passive mobile metrics such as battery life and screen time relate to mental health outcomes through continuous sensing. Impulsivity is an underlying factor in numerous physical and mental health problems. However, few studies have been designed to help us understand how mobile sensors and self-report data can improve our understanding of impulsive behavior.

Objective

The objective of this study was to explore the feasibility of using mobile sensor data to detect and monitor self-reported state impulsivity and impulsive behavior passively via a cross-platform mobile sensing application.

Methods

We enrolled 26 participants who were part of a larger study of impulsivity to take part in a real-world, continuous mobile sensing study over 21 days on both Apple operating system (iOS) and Android platforms. The mobile sensing system (mPulse) collected data from call logs, battery charging, and screen checking. To validate the model, we used mobile sensing features to predict common self-reported impulsivity traits, objective mobile behavioral and cognitive measures, and ecological momentary assessment (EMA) of state impulsivity and constructs related to impulsive behavior (ie, risk-taking, attention, and affect).

Results

Overall, the findings suggested that passive measures of mobile phone use such as call logs, battery charging, and screen checking can predict different facets of trait and state impulsivity and impulsive behavior. For impulsivity traits, the models significantly explained variance in sensation seeking, planning, and lack of perseverance traits but failed to explain motor, urgency, lack of premeditation, and attention traits. Passive sensing features from call logs, battery charging, and screen checking were particularly useful in explaining and predicting trait-based sensation seeking. On a daily level, the model successfully predicted objective behavioral measures such as present bias in delay discounting tasks, commission and omission errors in a cognitive attention task, and total gains in a risk-taking task. Our models also predicted daily EMA questions on positivity, stress, productivity, healthiness, and emotion and affect. Perhaps most intriguingly, the model failed to predict daily EMA designed to measure previous-day impulsivity using face-valid questions.

Conclusions

The study demonstrated the potential for developing trait and state impulsivity phenotypes and detecting impulsive behavior from everyday mobile phone sensors. Limitations of the current research and suggestions for building more precise passive sensing models are discussed.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03006653; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03006653
Faktor Risiko Cemaran Escherichia coli pada Daging Kambing dan Domba Kurban di Provinsi DKI Jakarta
Authors: Basri Chaerul
Published: January 2021

Escherichia coli merupakan salah satu bahaya biologis yang mempengaruhi keamanan daging  kambing dan domba Kurban. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengukur tingkat kontaminasi dan menentukan faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi tingkat cemaran E. coli pada daging kambing dan domba kurban di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari hasil pemeriksaan kesehatan hewan dan daging Kurban. Tingkat kontaminasi E.coli diperoleh dari hasil pemeriksaan  laboratorium dengan metode MPN, sedangkan data faktor risiko diperoleh dari penilaian kelayakan tempat kurban menggunakan checklist yang dikembangkan oleh tim Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan IPB University. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square untuk menentukan asosiasi dan rasio odds (OR) untuk mengukur kekuatan asosiasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 66,7% tempat penyelenggaraan kurban telah menghasilkan daging kambing dan domba yang mengandung E. coli dengan level melampaui batas Standar Nasional Indonesia/SNI (1 × 101 MPN / g). Faktor risiko selalu membersihkan kotoran hewan memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan tingkat kontaminasi E. coli. Faktor risiko lain termasuk keberadaan sertifikat kesehatan hewan, kepadatan hewan, dan bagaimana hewan ditangani setelah disembelih (hewan tidak ditumpuk) juga cenderung memiliki hubungan dengan tingkat kontaminasi E. Coli meskipun tidak signifikan secara statistik. Penyelenggara Kurban harus meningkatkan praktik higiene dan sanitasi dalam mengolah daging untuk mengendalikan tingkat kontaminasi E.coli. Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta perlu meningkatkan upaya untuk memperbaiki kesadaran masyarakat melalui komunikasi, edukasi dan informasi terkait praktik-praktik penanganan daging yang baik untuk Kurban.
Enabling Teachers as Front Liners in Maintaining Learners’ Emotional Well-Being during Covid-19 Context: Ubuntu/Botho as a Guiding Principle
Authors: Lephoto Malephoto Niko Ruth
Published: January 2021

This article is an attempt to theoretically present Ubuntu/Botho philosophy as a complementary approach to guide efforts intended to restore and maintain positive emotional well-being among African Basotho school going children and youth during COVID-19 and beyond. Research shows that COVID-19 pandemic has impacted badly on school systems, particularly teaching and learning process and school life in general. The central assumption driving this paper is that factors emanating from Covid-19 pandemic do not only contribute to the damage of learning process for many learners, but they also contribute to a mental and emotional health crisis, as a result of lost access to services that are naturally offered by schools. Informed by Ubuntu/Botho philosophy, the paper argues that schools have moral obligation to protect learners’ emotional health as a crucial variable for both their complete psychosocial well-being and academic achievement. It looks at maintenance of emotional well-being from the lens of Ubuntu/Botho world view. Ubuntu/Botho adoption as a theoretical framework is an effort to contribute knowledge and suggest practice that have their foundation on the experiences of people, informed by their own sociological and cultural constructs. Ubuntu/Botho as a guiding principle places values such as compassion, empathy, sharing, respect, solidarity at the centre of human co-existence, thus, has the potential to create school relationships and support systems that can restore and maintain positive emotions.
Explorative Study on Leadership Styles of Heads of the Public Technical Training Institutes in Bhutan
Authors: Wangmo Sonam
Published: January 2021

The research is undertaken to ascertain leadership styles deployed by heads of public Technical Training Institutes (TTIs) in Bhutan. Quantitative research method was used for this study. A population of 160 staff members of six public TTIs was targeted where 122 staff members responded to the survey questionnaires. All the data were collected via Google Form and were analyzed with descriptive statistics. The finding of the research revealed that democratic leadership style was most prevalent among the heads of public TTIs at high level with the mean score of 3.66. It was closely followed by laissez-faire leadership style with mean score of 3.58 at high-level. The least prevalent leadership style among the heads of public TTIs was found to be autocratic leadership style which scored moderate level with mean score of 3.27. Thus, it was concluded that heads of the public TTIs employed all types of classical leadership styles though at different level. An in-depth study on leadership styles of heads of public technical institutes in Bhutan with various variables is proposed for future researchers
Языки и диалекты национальных меньшинств Хулун-Буира как объект исследования
Authors:   Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies, Siberian Branch of the RAS (6, Sakhyanova St., Ulan-Ude 670047, Russian Federation), Tsybenov Bazar D.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. The article examines languages of some national minorities living in the Hulun Buir Urban District of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (PRC). The study is relevant since the Han majority subjects national minorities to strong linguistic assimilation. Timely study of the languages and dialects of this region is necessary for a comparative analysis with the languages of the Mongolic and Tungus-Manchu peoples living in Russia. Goals. The research primarily aims to examine some aspects of linguistic studies in publications of Inner Mongolia’s philologists. The work solves the following tasks: 1) review of languages and dialects of Hulun Buir ethnic groups, including in publications of Russian researchers; 2) research of some works dealing with the Old Barga dialect of the Mongolian language; 3) analysis of publications on the Dagur language and one scientific article about the Evenki language. Materials. The article analyzes scientific works of researchers from Inner Mongolia, such as Bousian, Enkhabatu, Tseberkhas, Urangua, Yu Shan, Serenbatu. Results. The existing division into languages and dialects has some differences in China and Russia. This unequal linguistic status requires the development of a single generally accepted standard. The Old Barga dialect has preserved a number of words from the language of medieval Mongols. This Barga dialect also borrowed some words from Manchu, Japanese and Russian. Philologists of Inner Mongolia actively study the Dagur language and dialects. They carry out comparative analyses of the latter and Mongolic languages, identify features of the Hailar and Buteha dialects of the Dagur language. So, scientists conducted a sociological survey on whether the Daur people know their native language, as well as Mongolian and Chinese. Professor Serenbat analyzed Evenki verb endings in comparison with Mongolian, Manchu and Dagur ones. Conclusions. The important issue is a standardization of languages and dialects of the region. It must be done in accordance with generally accepted standards in Russia and China. Russian philologists should begin comprehensive studies of the scientific developments of Inner Mongolia’s researchers. The study of the historiography of languages and dialects of Hulun Buir has great prospects.
О расширении круга модальной лексики в разговорном бурятском языке: функционально-модальные слова
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics of the RAS (1/1, Bolshoi Kislovsky Lane, Moscow 125009, Russian Federation), Dambueva Polina P.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. Modality is present in any language at the level of words, phrases, sentences. In this regard, it is not unexpected, that the means of its expression can be observed at most different levels of the language: modality is expressed at the syntactic, morphological, lexical, phonetic levels; very often morphological, syntactic and other means are combined. And, nevertheless, despite the obvious prevalence and universality of this phenomenon, the problem of modality has not yet received its full description, and the literature on modality, functional-modal words in particular, is very limited. Goals. The article raises the question of lexical units — nouns, adjectives, adverbs, which in some conditions perform the functions of modal words due to their tendency to develop secondary uses, in particular, the function of modal words, that reinforce, emphasize a certain segment of a statement. Results. Functional-modal words, having different formal-morphological features and their primary lexical meanings, due to the emotional-expressive connotation inherent in their semantics, can in the message, along with modal words, express their general grammatical meaning - the speaker’s (multi-aspect) attitude to the content your statement or part of it. The considered functional-modal words do not differ from their ‘brothers’ in the lexical and grammatical category, but episodic losses of lexical meaning in connection with the performance of the function of the modal word draw attention to them as a phenomenon, that signifies the possible beginning of obscuring the lexical meaning and subsequent derivational processes — lexicalization, transposition, transition from one part of speech to another. The paper also touches upon the fundamental theoretical issue of including / excluding emotional-expressive meanings in the modality category, which many researchers exclude from the named category, explaining that they do not express the logical-rational qualification of the content of the utterance. The linguistic material, as it seems to the author, resists the division of statements into logical-rational and emotional-expressive, since in many cases, even within the framework of one word, these two aspects appear in an inseparable unity.
Чин сэтгэлт шинэ торгууд аймагийн билигт джун ван Шеаренгийн тухай хэдэн асуудал (= Предводитель «новых» торгутов Шеаренг-тайша)
Authors:   Xinjiang state University (14, Shengli Road, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, China), Gaova Wuren
Published: January 2021

The name of Taishi Sheareng is well known from historical documents. At the same time, his pre-war biography is unknown. Various sources sometimes contain contradicting information about his origin and the quanitity of his vassals. Due to the circumstances resulting from the fall of the Dzhungar Khanate in 1758, Taisha Sheareng with his vassals ended up in Kalmyk nomad camps on Volga. According to the conclusions of some ivestigations, he was one of the initiators of the migration of the Kalmyks in 1771 from the banks of Volga. After migrating to the borders of the former homeland, Taisha Sheareng was elevated to the rank of Junwang by the Manchu emperor, and the territory of the modern Khovd aimag of Mongolia was defined as the place of residence of his vassals. This publication provides data on the pedigree of Taishi Sheareng and the number of his vassals according to well-known historical chronicles and archival sources.
Торгууд Анджа хүрээ ба Анджатан-ламын тухай хэдэн асуудалд ( =Некоторые сведения о торгутском Анджан курэ и Анджатан-ламе)
Authors:   Secondary School No. 3 of Bayangol District (Bayangol, Xinjiang 841000, China), Lijai G.
Published: January 2021

The historical legends and traditions associated with the name of Andzhatan Lama are well known among the Oirats of Xinjiang and Kalmyks of Russia. In Xinjiang, the history of the creation of Andzhan Kure (1712) and its abbots was always of great interest. At the same time researchers point out about ten monastic names by which the Andzhatan Lama was known According to the opinion of Prof. Ma Dazheng to whom belongs the earliest publication on this topic, the monastic name of Andzhatan Lama was Lubsandzin. The authoritative researcher’s argument was accepted by others and did not raise doubts. However, further research revealed that this name belongs to another famous Buddhist teacher. This article provides for the first time some information about the biography of Andzhatan Lama, discovered by the author during research expeditions and on the basis of some written sources.
«Зүүнгарыг түвшидгэж тогтоосон явдлыг Гэдэнг ууланд тэмдэглэн байгуулсан гэрэлт хөшөөний бичиг»-ийн монгол бичээсийн эл хувилбарын ариутгал (= Каменная стела на горе Геденг: ойратский текст эдикта об усмирении джунгаров)
Authors:   Institute of Chinese Borderland Studies (Beierhuan Road, Huimin District, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia 010070, China), Wurilumujiafu Wurilumujiafu
Published: January 2021

After the fall of the Dzhungar Khanate in the second half of the 18th century, "the highest approved" official works by order of the Qing authorities appear in Chinese historiography. They are devoted to the "description of the suppression of the Dzhungars". In addition to this, steles were also installed, proclaiming the victory of the Qing emperor over the Dzhungars. One of such steles was installed on Mount Gedeng, which is located near Mongolkure on the modern border of China and Kazakhstan. The stele is known under various names — "Stele on Gedeng Mountain", "Ili Stele on Gedeng Mountain", "Stele on Gedeng Mountain near Mongolkure". The text on the stone stele is written in four languages: Manchu, Chinese, Tibetan and Oirat (‘Clear script’). The article examines the ‘Clear script’ text containing 9 lines and 266 words.
«Реэстр зюнгорскому ружью», или Вопрос о джунгарском пополнении Ставропольского корпуса крещеных калмыков в политике государства (конец 50 – начало 60-х гг. XVIII в.)
Authors:   Kalmyk Scientific Center of the RAS (8, Ilishkin St., Elista 358000, Russian Federation), Ryazhev Andrey S.
Published: January 2021

Introduction. The article deals with religious policies that influenced ethnoconfessional military communities in the southeast of the Russian Empire during early modern period. The work provides a first attempt to examine the resettlement of Dzungar Oirat refugees (Russ. zengortsy) from Siberia to the Volga territories and their integration into the Stavropol Kalmyk Host. Materials and Methods. The study analyzes documents of central and local institutions that specify the latter’s attitudes towards both Dzungar arrivals and, at large, irregular units of Kalmyk Christians in steppe border areas. A number of applied techniques inherent to source studies and archaeography made it possible to gain a comprehensive insight into the research materials and reveal certain ties that characterize trends of Russian policies towards the Dzungar question. Results. Clarification of the internal and external reasons to have forced the authorities to conscript Dzungars into the Stavropol Kalmyk Host, i. e. the need to strengthen the latter as a border military-and-police force right after the conflict with the Qing over South Siberian subjects was settled is provided. The paper shows the distribution and infrastructure development of the arrivals across unoccupied lands of the Stavropol Host. Special attention is paid to the biography of Noyon Norbo Danjin, a relative of Amursana who lead Dzungars to the Volga to become a Christian colonel, military judge, and advisor to the Collegium of Foreign Affairs. In terms of discussion, the work outlines the Dzungar conscription in Stavropol-on-Volga historiographically, delineates its correlation to the situation with available sources on contacts between Russia, Qing China, and nomads (Dzungars, Kazakhs). Conclusions. The paper acknowledges the collapse of the Dzungar Khanate proved an enormous geopolitical shift that forced Russia to restructure its external policies across southeastern steppe peripheries and develop its military strength, which brought Dzungar reserve units of the Stavropol Host in significant demand.
Зая-бандид Намкайжамцогийн тууж «Сарны гэрэл»-ийн зохиогчийн тухай шинэ шинжилгэ (= Новые сведения об авторе сочинения «Лунный свет. История Зая-пандиты Намкай Джамцо»)
Authors:   Central University for Nationalities (27, Zhongguancun St., Haidian Distr., Beijing 100081, China), Bao Aladartu
Published: January 2021

The biography of Zaya-pandita Namkaijamtso known as «Moonlight. The Story of Rabjam Zaya Pandita», written by his disciple Radnabhadra, is a well-known work of Mongolian literature of the 17th century. Radnabhadra's work is a valuable source on medieval history, culture and religion of the Oirats. However, information about the biography of the author of this work remains unknown. This article provides some new information about the activity of Zaya Pandita as well as his closest disciple, who was not only a Buddhist monk-chronicler, but also a translator and zealous figure of the Oirat culture.
JOVAN RAŠKOVIĆ – KRAJIŠKI MESIJA
Authors: Berber Stojan
Published: January 2021

Jovan Rašković, Srbin poreklom iz Knina, stanovnik Šibenika ali i sveta, momački stasao u vreme ustaškog genocida nad srpskim narodom tokom Drugog svetskog rata, sin advokata, begunac ispred noža, lekar, profesor univerziteta i akademik, vrstan zna¬lac ljudske duše, čovek koji je bio slobodan i u boljševičkoj neslobodi, plećati Krajišnik, krupnook, sa bradom masivnom i prosedom, pojavio se u vremenu ponovnog nesna, mraka i straha, u vremenu raspada neugaslih želja, onako kako su se javljale, davno nekada, biblijske mesije, da sačuvaju narod oda zla i da ga povedu put spasenja.
MEĐUNARODNI ODNOSI I COVID–19
Authors: Pesic Zoran
Published: January 2021

Autor za predmet ovog rada uzima analizu međunarodnih odnosa izazvanih pandemijom COVID – 19 s ciljem da ukaže na vitalnost i primat neorealističke teorijske paradigme u odnosu na neoliberalnu. U radu se nakon uvoda razmatraju osnovna teorijska polazišta realističke i liberalističke teorije međunarodnih odnosa i analiziraju međunarodni odnosi iz neorealističke perspektive. U analizi su korišćena deskriptivna, analitička i sintetička metoda. U zaključku je konstatovano da je realističku viziju međunarodnih odnosa potvrdila stvarnost izazvana krizom, a da je Srbija u međunarodnim odnosima bila u različitim fokusima zbog pojedinih spoljnopolitičkih poteza i da će vreme pokazati koliko će to biti povoljno ili ne po njen položaj u međunarodnim odnosima. Istovremeno je problematizovan trenutan ishod nadmetanja ove dve teorijske paradigme u kontekstu budućnosti njihovog značaja i egzistencije svih aktera međunarodnih odnosa, pa shodno tome i najboljih mogućih odnosa.
JUGOSLAVIJA, POSLEDNJI DANI 1989 – 1992. KNjIGA DRUGA – LJUDI MRŽNJE, ZEMLJA SMRTI
Authors: Radonjic Zoran
Published: January 2021

Kosta Nikolić, 2020. Jugoslavija, poslednji dani 1989-1992. Knjiga druga – Ljudi mržnje, zemlja smrti, Beograd: Službeni glasnik, 540 str.
O NACIJI SA SIMVOLIČKOG STANOVIŠTA
Authors: Miljkovic Matic Jelena
Published: January 2021

U tekstu se posmatraju nacija, nacionalna država i nacionalizam sa simvoličkog stanovišta, umesto sa političkog, pravnog ili sociološkog, kao što je to uobičajeno. Simvoli sačinjavaju tkivo kulture, a to znači da naciju posmatramo kao činjenicu kulture, simvoličku zajednicu. Po tradiciji, etnologija i antropologija proučavaju simvole, tj. kulturu, ali i fenomen naroda, koji se uobičajeno smatra za prethodni stupanj u razvitku nacije. Dok je narod institucionalno nekoherentna zajednica, dotle se nacija odlikuje visokim stepenom društvene artikulacije. Takođe, nacija je simvolička zajednica koja se prostire kroz sve svetove u kojima čovek postoji kao ličnost, zbog čega se odlikuje svojevrsnom antropomorfnom strukturom. Nacija je ljudima donela značajna unapređenja u pojimanju i korišćenju sebe i sveta, naročito svojim konceptom demokratije u kome su optimalno objedinjeni zahtevi za slobodom pojedinca i snagom zajednice.
La incorporación política del Soconusco a la República mexicana: una historia multifactorial (1824-1842)
Authors: Sánchez Lima José Enrique
Published: January 2021

Una de las lagunas de la historiografía chiapaneca es la relacionada al proceso de incorporación del Soconusco a México; si bien la provincia de Chiapas se integró definitivamente al país en 1824, una de las regiones que hoy la conforman permaneció en «neutralidad política» de 1824 a 1842. De ahí que el objetivo de este artículo sea proporcionar una primera aproximación general a los diversos factores que posibilitaron la integración de esta región a la República mexicana. Este trabajo explica esta incorporación como un proceso que se fue construyendo a lo largo de 17 años, gracias, en primera instancia, a las habilidades diplomáticas de Lucas Alamán, y también a los vínculos políticos e intereses particulares del clero soconusquense, a la situación interna de los ayuntamientos de la zona y al desenvolvimiento político de México y Centroamérica
El cambio político en Jalisco: 1989-2019
Authors: Arellano Ríos Alberto
Published: January 2021

En este artículo se realiza un balance del cambio político en el régimen político de Jalisco en el periodo que va de 1989 a 2019. Se sitúa en la vertiente teórica que estudia los procesos de cambio político. Debate con otros trabajos que han tenido como objeto de estudio al sistema político jalisciense. Para ello se establecen las bases analíticas acerca de los estudios sobre las transformaciones políticas en la Ciencia Política, para luego adentrarse al caso de estudio y obtener las conclusiones que del análisis se deriven
Efectos mecánicos de los sistemas electorales mixtos: Jalisco y Ciudad de México, 1995/1997-2018
Authors: Cárdenas Arguedas Sol
Published: January 2021

El presente artículo realiza un estudio comparativo a nivel local de dos sistemas electorales mixtos en México, Distrito Federal (ahora Ciudad de México) y Jalisco. Aborda en específico los efectos mecánicos a través del análisis de diecisiete elecciones (ocho y nueve, respectivamente). El texto presenta, por un lado, una propuesta para efectuar este análisis; y por otro, responde a dos interrogantes: ¿qué efectos mecánicos se observan en estas entidades en relación con los elementos técnicos y con el sistema electoral en su conjunto? y ¿cuáles son los cambios que se observan en éstos a través de los distintos periodos estudiados?
DESAFIOS DA EXPATRIAÇÃO E O ENRIQUECIMENTO DA INTERFACE TRABALHO-FAMÍLIA EM EXPATRIADOS, DURANTE A PANDEMIA COVID-19
Authors: Mello Sylvia Freitas , TOMEI PATRICIA AMÉLIA
Published: January 2021

A interface trabalho-família (ITF) tem sido um desafio entre os expatriados, em suas designações internacionais. Este trabalho tem como objetivo identificar mudanças na ITF de expatriados que desempenhavam suas funções no exterior, durante a pandemia do COVID-19, e, se houve um aprendizado pessoal e/ou profissional no período. Foi realizada uma pesquisa descritivo-analítica, com abordagem qualitativa de doze entrevistas semiestruturadas com expatriados. A análise de conteúdo foi embasada em seis categorias temáticas. Os resultados indicam que: (i) a pressão por resultados não mudou, mas a forma de alcançá-los está mais relacionada à flexibilidade para lidar com a divisão de espaço e tempo de trabalho e não-trabalho, (ii) a pandemia diminuiu o impacto do sexo na ITF, e trouxe uma dinâmica positiva no funcionamento familiar com  membros da família apoiando uns aos outros, (iii) figuras parentais redefiniram sua rotina familiar e foram feitos novos acordos sobre a divisão de cuidados dos filhos e de tarefas domésticas, (iv) o fato de o expatriado estar em casa o dia todo, favoreceu o convívio e a troca de experiências entre os familiares, (v) a família impactou positivamente no trabalho e ajudou os expatriados a melhor interagir com seus colegas de trabalho, e a refletir sobre a introdução de novos comportamentos no seu cotidiano, levando ao enriquecimento do trabalho-família (EnTF), e, (vi) mudanças qualitativas e quantitativas nas futuras expatriações vão ocorrer, com uma possível diminuição do número de designações internacionais, aumento do trabalho remoto e da busca do equilíbrio entre vida pessoal e profissional.
La propuesta ética de William David Ross
Authors: Acosta Benedicto
Published: January 2021

The present work tries to analyze the moral philosophy of William David Ross. First, Ross's ethics precedents are exposed, focusing on three authors against whom he acknowledges entering into discussion: Kant, the utilitarians and Moore. This is the aim of the second chapter. Next, Ross's proposal is explained through three axes: 1) the theory of moral knowledge, where his well-known intuitionist theory will appear; 2) the doctrine of correction, composed of deontological pluralism; 3) and the doctrine of good, in which its axiology appears. The following three chapters, respectively, will be dedicated to all this. Finally, we provide the critical vision of some Ross followers and propose half a dozen conclusions.
De Frankenstein a la terapia génica: una responsabilidad colectiva
Authors: Calleja-Sordo Elisa Constanza , Linares Jorge Enrique , Arriaga-Arellano Elena
Published: January 2021

Given the recent developments in biotechnology and genetic engineering, the ability to eliminate genetic diseases from the human genome seems more and more possible each day. Being able to do so would mean a better quality of life for those who would otherwise suffer from incurable genetic diseases.However, even though the success of such a procedure would bring benefits that cannot be obtained by other means, the consequences for humans are still unknown. As such, the people involved should be held responsible.The responsibility needs to be collective, not individual, because the decisions leading to the edition of a human genome and someone being born as a result of it are not made by a single individual, but several people, from the prospective parents interested in the intervention for their future child to the ones in charge of performing said intervention.The addition of the human genome can bring significant benefits, and it seems to be the only way to avoid certain genetic diseases; however, collective responsibility should be taken by those involved in the decisions that lead to a person being born with a modified genome.
Una defensa de la solución conceptualista al “problema de la fundamentación” para objetos coincidentes
Authors: Zerbudis Ezequiel
Published: January 2021

I consider some of the objections that have been raised against a conceptualist solution to the “grounding problem” (the problem of grounding the sortalish properties of material objects in their non-sortalish ones), I address in particular two objections that I call Conceptual Validity and Instantiation, and I attempt to answer them on behalf of the conceptualist. My response, in a nutshell, is that the first of these objections fails because it ascribes to the conceptualist some commitments that do not really follow from the view’s basic insight, while the second objection also fails because (among other things) it (inadvertently) denies the conceptualist resources that the alternative positions are allowed to use.
O Pós-Humano como paradigma emergente na Ciência da Informação
Authors: Monteiro Silvana Drumond , Vignoli Richele Grenge , Almeida Carlos Cândido de
Published: January 2021

Estuda-se evidência do pós-humano como novo paradigma na Ciência da Informação a ser investigado. A partir de rejeição de visões binárias entre sujeito e objeto, no geral, e especialmente entre humanos e máquinas, e com o avanço das tecnologias da informação e informação, várias disciplinas e filosofias estão abordando esse novo cenário contemporâneo. Assim, após uma revisão de literatura crítica, identificou-se na Cibernética a gênese do pós-humano, por apresentar um conceito de informação desmaterializada e uma ontologia de similaridade entre humanos e máquinas, e tendo o ciborgue como imagem dessa realidade. Uma vez que o termo possui vários espectros de hibridização entre pessoas e máquinas, abordou-se o conceito de pós-humano, superinteligência e transumano, para apresentar algumas características do sujeito informacional. Assim, pretende-se esquivar-se da centralidade do homem como ser dotado de capacidades cognitivas elevadas frente a outros seres e máquinas e refletir sobre um pensamento interdisciplinar à compreensão de novos fenômenos sociotécnicos.
Evolución del e-Government en Colombia: el caso del Departamento del Atlántico
Authors: Quintero-León Margarita , Flores Pamela
Published: January 2021

Este estudo é uma revisão bibliográfica da evolução do governo eletrônico na Colômbia conforme foi aplicado na

o departamento de Atlántico. Conclui-se que, na Colômbia, tem sido atribuída importância nos documentos oficiais à

a infraestrutura e infoestrutura; No entanto, a revisão dos processos no departamento de Atlántico mostra que não

levado em consideração que estes precisam de uma atualização permanente e é evidente que em termos de infocultura ainda

Há muito trabalho a ser feito no âmbito da apropriação das TIC pelos cidadãos, embora o

desenvolvimento priorizar a necessidade de trabalhar nesta área. O Estado colombiano está ciente de que o governo eletrônico é o

alternativa mais coerente ao otimizar os processos de comunicação entre governos e cidadãos para

através do estabelecimento de plataformas amigáveis. No entanto, a análise documental mostra que os esforços têm

foram desarticulados e que existem falhas nos processos de comunicação.

Palavras-chave: E-governo. A infraestrutura. Infocultura. Processos de comunicação.
Trabalho e trabalhadores no Brasil durante a gripe espanhola de 1918
Authors: Marques Antonio José
Published: January 2021

Partindo de uma breve apresentação sobre as origens das epidemias em nossa história, o artigo mostra como a gripe espanhola atingiu o Brasil entre os meses de setembro e dezembro de 1918. Analisa as ações do governo e industriais no combate e controle da doença, que, de modo geral, foram de negligência, descaso e abandono dos cuidados para com os operários. Estes, por sua vez, com ações coletivas e organizadas, buscaram minorar aquela situação, visto que foram os que mais sofreram com a enfermidade e suas conseqüências.
Os Payayá de Jacobina: resistências e negociações nos sertões da Bahia (séculos XVI-XVII)
Authors: Santos Fabricio Lyrio , Santos Solon Natalício Araújo dos
Published: January 2021

Este artigo busca retratar parte da trajetória histórica dos Payayá, povo indígena originário do Sertão das Jacobinas, no interior da Bahia, região entendida enquanto espaço construído historicamente a partir da mobilidade, do contato e das trocas entre os diversos grupos indígenas e colonizadores. A partir da segunda metade do século XVI até meados do XVII, durante o processo de conquista e colonização, o grupo indígena Payayá ganha relevo na documentação, ora como inimigo, ora como aliado do projeto colonizador. Este e diversos outros povos indígenas precederam a chegada e o avanço dos colonizadores em busca de mão de obra, riquezas e terras na região. Tendo por base documentos administrativos, relatos de missionários e crônicas, pretende-se colocar em relevo os principais aspectos identitários deste grupo indígena e seu acentuado protagonismo.
Philosophy of Virtues. The Way to Wisdom in Aristotle and Primo Levi
Authors: Piredda Patrizia
Published: January 2021

In this article, I aim to investigate the relationship between Aristotle’s ethics and Levi’s idea of ethics based on practical virtues. Understanding the former, in fact, permits us to better comprehend the philosophical undergrowth of the latter. And above all, it permits us to better understand how Levi, who constantly dealt with the ethical and aesthetic difficulty of narrating experience from an empiric and anti-idealistic point of view, used philosophy of virtues and wisdom as hermeneutic keys to understanding life.
“Em nenhuma outra cidade o número de pessoas casadas é tão pequeno": concubinato e casamento em Goiás (1800-1850)
Authors: Lemke Maria
Published: January 2021

A documentação cartorária e eclesiástica produzida entre 1800 e 1850, relativa a Vila Boa, capital da capitania de Goiás, sugere que os viajantes estavam certos ao apontarem para a frequência e naturalidade com que o concubinato acontecia. No entanto, concubinato não pode ser confundido com ausência de valores familiares, pois tais valores, assim como hierarquia e disciplina católica, eram os pilares das sociedades do Antigo Regime. A partir de uma perspectiva relacional, o objetivo deste artigo volta-se à investigação das famílias e ao papel da disciplina católica na compreensão de como aquela sociedade marcada pelo concubinato se organizava a partir de relações familiares e de como a hierarquia as naturalizava.
O 5 de Outubro na escrita diplomática luso-brasileira
Authors: Boschi Caio César
Published: January 2021

Este texto tem como objetivo narrar os acontecimentos respeitantes à Proclamação da República Portuguesa, ocorrida em 5 de outubro de 1910, e outros que lhes são imediatamente correlatos. Embora conhecidos, os fatos aqui expostos baseiam-se em documentação, na maioria, inédita. A abordagem realiza-se de forma essencialmente descritiva, utilizando-se de fontes textuais, constituídas por ofícios, relatórios e, sobretudo, telegramas expedidos e recebidos pelos serviços diplomáticos de Portugal e do Brasil.
Gênero e História Medieval em tempos de crise: entrevista com o medievalista Marcelo Pereira Lima
Authors: Lima Marcelo Pereira , Pereira Alan Rebouças , Abrantes Beatriz Galrão , Santos Lucas Vieira de Melo , Nunes Magide Jarallah Dracoulakis , Jesus Thiago Souza de
Published: January 2021

Em entrevista realizada por mestrandos(a) do Laboratório de Estudos sobre a Transmissão e História Textual na Antiguidade e Medievo (LETHAM-UFBA) e do Programa de Pós-Graduação em História (PPGH-UFBA),  o Professor Marcelo Lima responde a questões sobre o campo da História, da História Medieval e do Ensino de História, sobretudo as relacionadas às contribuições e experiências do LETHAM para a produção do conhecimento crítico.
High-precision calculation of relativistic corrections for hydrogen-like atoms with screened Coulomb potentials
Authors: Xie Hui , Jiao Li Guang , Liu Ai , Ho Y.K.
Published: January 2021

The first-order relativistic corrections to the non-relativistic energies of hydrogen-like atom embedded in plasma screening environments are calculated in the framework of direct perturbation theory by using the generalized pseudospectral method. The standard Debye-Hückel potential, exponential cosine screened Coulomb potential, and Hulthén potential are employed to model different screening conditions and their effects on the eigenenergies of hydrogen-like atoms are investigated. The relativistic corrections which include the relativistic mass correction, Darwin term, and the spin-orbit coupling term for both the ground and excited states are reported as functions of screening parameters. Comparison with previous theoretical predictions shows that both the relativistic mass correction and spin-orbit coupling obtained in this work are in good agreement with previous estimations, while significant discrepancy and even opposite trend is found for the Darwin term. The overall relativistic-corrected system energies predicted in this work, however, are in good agreement with the fully relativistic calculations available in the literature. We finally present the scaling law of the first-order relativistic corrections and discuss the validity of the direct perturbation theory with respect to both the nuclear charge and the screening parameter.
Formation of Low Voltage Zones on the Anterior Left Atrial Wall Due to Mechanical Compression by the Ascending Aorta
Authors: Hayashida Satoshi , Nagashima Koichi , Kurokawa Sayaka , Arai Masaru , Watanabe Ryuta , Wakamatsu Yuji , Otsuka Naoto , Yagyu Seina , Iso Kazuki , Okumura Yasuo
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND Although low voltage zones (LVZs) in the left atrium (LA) are
seen as arrhythmogenic substrate in some patients with atrial
fibrillation (AF), pathophysiologic factors responsible for LVZ
formation remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To elucidate the anatomical relation
between the LA and ascending aorta responsible for remodeling of the
anterior LA wall. METHODS We assessed the relation between existence of
LVZs on the anterior LA wall and measurements taken on 3-dimensional
computed tomography images obtained from 102 patients who underwent AF
ablation. RESULTS Twenty-nine patients (28%) had LVZs >1.0
cm2 on the LA wall at the LA-ascending aorta contact area (LVZ Group);
no LVZs were seen in the other 73 patients (No LVZ Group). In the LVZ
Group (vs. No LVZ Group), the aorta-LA angle was smaller (21.0±7.7° vs.
24.9±7.1°, P = 0.015), the aorta-left ventricle (LV) angle was greater
(131.3±8.8° vs. 126.0±7.9°; P = 0.005), non-coronary cusp (NCC) diameter
was greater (20.4±2.2 mm vs. 19.3±2.5 mm; P = 0.036), and the NCC was
closer to the anterior LA wall (2.29±0.68 mm vs. 2.76±0.79 mm; P =
0.006). The aorta-LA angle correlated positively with patients’ body
mass index (BMI) and negatively with body weight and BMI. CONCLUSION
Deviation of the ascending aorta course and distention of the NCC appear
to be related to the development of LA anterior wall LVZs at the
LA-ascending aorta contact area. Mechanical pressure exerted by
extracardiac structures on the LA along with limited thoracic space may
contribute to the development of LVZs associated with AF.
Prevalencia de la Giardia duodenalis en el centro de bienestar animal “CEIBA”, Rionegro, Colombia (2017)
Authors: Arenas-Angulo Vanesa M. , Molina-Díaz Víctor M.
Published: January 2021

Determinar la prevalencia de parasitismo de Giardia duodenalis, en el centro de bienestar “CEIBA”, del municipio de Rionegro, Colombia durante junio 2017. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal, no experimental, aleatorio, fueron evaluados 112 coprológicos de caninos del centro de bienestar “CEIBA”, de ambos sexos, todas las edades y alimentación comercial. Fueron sometidos a evaluación coprológica, por extracción directa de ampolla rectal y evaluada en el Laboratorio Clínico de la Corporación Universitaria Lasallista “Hermano Marco Antonio Serna f.s.c”, fueron realizados dos métodos diagnósticos, flotación con solución salina saturada (Willys Molloy) y frotis directo. La presencia de Giardia duodenalis fue categorizado en escala de cruces de 0-3. Se encontraron 60 (55%) muestras con presencia de parásitos, de los cuales 10 (8,92%) estaban infestados por Giardia duodenalis, representando 16,66% de la parasitosis total, para una cruz 2 (20%), con dos cruces 5 (50%) y con tres 3 (30%). La prevalencia de Giardia duodenalis en el centro de bienestar CEIBA, es baja con respecto a datos de prevalencia en otros albergues o centros caninos, lo cual puede estar influenciado por las medidas de prevención y control de la enfermedad.
Crioconservación seminal en peces de agua dulce: aspectos biotecnológicos, celulares y bioquímicos
Authors: Medina-Robles Víctor M. , Duarte-Trujillo Astrid S. , Cruz-Casallas Pablo E.
Published: January 2021

La crioconservación es una herramienta biotecnológica que en peces está orientada principalmente a la conservación criogénica de semen como estrategia de preservación del recurso genético y a su uso para la producción de alevinos con fines diferentes. Actualmente, los protocolos de crioconservación seminal en peces de agua dulce establecen una amplia variedad de procedimientos cuya efectividad se basa en aspectos ligados a la calidad seminal post-descongelación y la fertilidad, así como su relación con el desarrollo de la progenie. El efecto de la conservación del semen en nitrógeno líquido por periodos amplios de tiempo también toma importancia en ésta biotecnología. Por lo anterior, el objetivo de la presente revisión es describir aspectos biotecnológicos, celulares y bioquímicos asociados al proceso de crioconservación seminal en peces dulceacuícolas, resaltando los avances, las limitaciones y sus perspectivas.
Biodegradabilidad de lixiviados procedentes de un relleno sanitario utilizando un sistema de lodos activados flujo pistón
Authors: Rosas-Vargas Jenny A. , Ramón-Valencia Jacipt
Published: January 2021

En esta investigación se desarrolló un Reactor Flujo Pistón (RFP) de lodos activados, que fue empleado para determinar el Tiempo de Retención Celular (TRC) óptimo para tratar cargas altas de lixiviado y estimar el comportamiento cinético del sistema con el fin que sirva de base para proyecciones de escalamiento y diseño de reactor de este tipo a escala real. Para ello se realizó el diseño, la construcción y puesta en marcha del RFP a nivel de laboratorio (capacidad de 50L) en condiciones de operación continua con recirculación de lodo y se utilizó como sustrato lixiviado procedente del relleno sanitario El Guayabal de la ciudad de Cúcuta. Se determinó como parámetros de control cuatro TRC diferentes entre 5 y 20 días diferenciada por etapas. Se evaluaron las variables de pH, Temperatura, Oxígeno disuelto y Sólidos Suspendidos Volátiles en el Licor Mixto (SSVLM). En cuanto al control y monitoreo de la eficiencia de remoción se escogió la Demanda Química de Oxígeno (DQO) como parámetro para medir la degradación de materia orgánica, dado que este parámetro a diferencia de la Demanda Bioquímica de Oxígeno (DBO5) puede ser calculado en un menor tiempo. El sistema biológico RFP alcanzó estabilizarse en un período de operación entre 20 y 25 días con remociones promedio mayores a 92% para TRC de 15 y 20 días mientras que TRC menores reportaron remociones promedio por debajo del 86%. Así mismo TRC de 15 permitió un Factor de carga (F/M) óptima promedio de 1.1 KgDQO/KgSSV.d. Las constantes cinéticas obtenidas en esta investigación, representativas para un sistema de RFP operado a escala laboratorio para remoción de materia orgánica carbonacea en lixiviados fueron: KS= 836.5 mg/L DQO, k=4.8123 d1, Y= 0.089 mg SSVLM/mg DQO y kd= 0.018 d-1, ajustados por regresión al modelo matemático de Lawrence y McCarty al poseer una correlación de 0.97 entre los datos experimentales obtenidos y el modelo y amplia aplicación en el campo de diseño de reactores de lodos activados.