bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of metabolic profiles of Saanen goats in the transition period
Authors: AKKAYA F. , SENTURK S. , MECITOĞLU Z. , KASAP S. , ERTUNC S. , KANDEMIR C.
Published: July 2020

Healthy Saanen goats (n=30) in periparturient period were used in the present study. Blood samples were collected 21, 14 and 7 days before parturition, at the time of birth and postpartum days 7, 14 and 21. Non-esterifiedfatty acids (NEFA), betahydroxy butyric acid (BHBA), Total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CREA) aspartate amino transferase (AST), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), glucose (GLU), cholesterol (CHOL), triglyceride (TG), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and magnesium (Mg) levels were evaluated. During the study period, NEFA, SDH, CREA levels increased and CHOL and TG levels decreased at time of parturition. When the changes of parameters in prepartum and postpartum period were compared, the concentrations of NEFA, CHOL, GLU, TG, Ca were higher (p <0.001) in prepartum period;however BHBA, Mg, ALB, GGT, AST, TP, P, BUN, SDH and CREA concentrations were detected to be higher (p <0.001) in postpartum period. Metabolic Profile Test based on biochemical parameters evaluated in our study would be beneficial for diagnosis, prevention and control of diseases such as pregnancy toxemia, hypocalcemia, infertility in goats.
Effect of whey fat content on the properties and yields of whey cheese and serum
Authors: KAMINARIDES S. , ZAGARI H. , ZOIDOU E.
Published: July 2020

The objective of this research was to study the effect of cheese whey fat content on the yield, physicochemical, textural and sensory properties of cheeses made from sheep’s whey. Four types of whey cheese were made from skimmed whey (cheese A), whole whey (cheese B) and whey with added cream of 2.5% and 5% fat (cheeses C and D respectively) and evaluated. Significant differences in yield, sensory properties, total solids, moisture, fat, fat in dry matter, protein, calcium, hardness, modulus of elasticity, gumminess and chewiness were observed between the different types of cheeses. No significant differences were observed in pH, lactose, ash, lactic acid, citric acid, galactose, glucose, Mg, K, Na and cohesiveness. The increase in fat in whey cheeses improved yield, sensory and textural properties. Cheese D was the most preferred of all the experimental cheeses in sensory analysis: it had the highest level of fat in dry matter (77.3%) and the lowest moisture content (51.6%) and according to Greek Food Legislation is characterized as an excellent quality whey cheese. Cheese A had the lowest fat content (3.94%), scored of 61.2% overall in sensory analysis and was characterized as a new reduced-fat whey cheese, particularly suitable for customers who prefer reduced-fat cheese. Serum from whey cheese production should not be considered as a waste but might be exploited as a valuable source of carbohydrate, nitrogenous compounds and minerals. Serum resulting from whey cheese production indicates that it should not be treated as waste-pollutant but as a valuable source of carbohydrate, nitrogenous compounds and minerals from which usable products may be obtained.
Methodological Approaches to Assessing the Impact of Import Substitution on Economic Growth
Authors: Talalaeva N. , Litvinova A.
Published: July 2020

Import substitution provide multidirectional impact on the economy, accompanied by both positive and negative effects, nevertheless, import substitution, is a leading tool to overcome most unfavorable events in the country's economic system, which extremely aggravated in the first half of 2020. It is possible to force the development of import substitution's positive effects if there is a clear quantitative assessment of its effectiveness in terms of its impact on the growth of the Russian economy.

Based on a generalization and analysis of the methods and tools for assessing the impact of import substitution on the economy used by domestic and foreign authors in their studies, scientific-methodological approaches to such an impact were identified. In model approach, an author’s assessment methodology has been developed. At the first stage using an expanded system of import substitution effectiveness indicators, which grouped by sectors of the economy, a composite indicator of the effectiveness is formed by means of principal components method. At the second stage the dependence of economic growth on a composite indicator of import substitution effectiveness is formed by means of correlation and regression analysis.

General government of the economy can use our technique to shape an economic development strategy under the import substitution.
Exchange of Vietnamese Culture: Russia and Problems Made in Integration Period
Authors: Hoang Thi Le
Published: July 2020

Cultural exchange is an attribute of human society, the law of movement and development of all cultures. Today, the process of globalization is drawing almost all nations into its giant spin, the world is changing rapidly, and countries like it or not, the intangibles are affected, even dependence on each other. It is considered that the contact with Russian culture and countries in the old socialist system is the fourth cultural contact in the five contacts of Vietnamese culture to the region and the world. In nearly half a century of exchange with Russian culture, we have achieved undeniable achievements and results, but at the same time there are many issues raised and some lessons to consider. Objectively and fairly assessing this cultural exchange is a practical task, in order to draw historical experiences for Vietnamese culture in the context of international integration today.
Kryzys zadłużeniowy w strefie euro w latach 2010‑2018
Authors: Węc Janusz Józef
Published: July 2020

The Debt Crisis in the Eurozone in Years 2010‑ 2018. Genesis, Dynamics and Tools to Overcome the Crisis

The global financial crisis significantly contributed to the outbreak of the Eurozone debt crisis in 2010 and exposed the institutional weaknesses of the entire zone that had existed since its inception. In 2010‑2018, the European Union focused essentially on four basic forms of crisis management in the Eurozone: financial support for indebted economies, aid programs for crisis‑stricken countries, measures by the European Central Bank to overcome the crisis and system reform of the Eurozone and the Economic and Monetary Union. The research objective of the article is to analyze the dynamics of the debt crisis in the Eurozone. The author would like to answer the following research questions: How much have the aid programs of the European Union and the International Monetary Fund contributed to overcoming the debt crisis? Has this crisis really been overcome? How deep were the structural reforms of the indebted economies? The author also defines the research hypothesis that the debt crisis in the Eurozone has not been finally overcome, since in many countries government debt is still on a high level.
Dobre praktyki popularyzacji wiedzy o koordynacji systemów emerytalnych w wybranych państwach Unii Europejskiej
Authors: Gzik Monika
Published: July 2020

Good Practices to Disseminate Knowledge about Coordination of Pension Systems in Selected European Union Countries. Recommendations for Poland
More and more Poles are using EU regulations coordinating pension systems. These are both people who currently live in another EU country as well as people who return to Poland after working abroad. The method of analysing the literature on the subject was used and the studies on the knowledge, opinions and attitudes of Poles regarding social insurance in Poland and the coordination of pension benefits were reviewed. An analysis of current national surveys indicates that the level of this knowledge is very low. Knowledge about EU legislation functions at the expert and scientific level. The use of European experience regarding the dissemination of knowledge on the coordination of pensions seems to be necessary; therefore, selected initiatives of popularization of the knowledge in selected EU Member States were presented, thus creating recommendations for Poland.
Özel Yetenekli Öğrencilerin Mühendislik Algılarının Çiz-Yaz-Anlat Tekniği Kullanılarak İncelenmesi
Authors: NACAROĞLU Oğuzhan , ARSLAN Mehmet
Published: July 2020

Bu araştırmada, özel yetenekli öğrencilerin mühendislik algılarının incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemi desenlerinden olgubilim kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 2019-2020 Eğitim-Öğretim Yılı birinci döneminde Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nde yer alan bir bilim ve sanat merkezinde öğrenim gören 76 özel yetenekli öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Veriler, çiz-yaz-anlat tekniği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde içerik analizi yürütülmüştür. Öğrencilerin mühendislik kavramına yönelik çizimleri incelendiğinde, toplamda 253 çizim olmak üzere, 54 farklı çizim yaptıkları tespit edilmiştir. Mühendislik kavramına yönelik öğrenci çizimleri altı kategori altında toplanmış ve öğrencilerin en çok ürün kategorisi altında çizim yaptıkları belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte öğrencilerin daha çok inşaat, bilgisayar ve erkek bireylere yönelik çizim yaptıkları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Yapılan görüşmeler sonucunda da öğrencilerin önemli bir kısmı mühendisliğin otomotiv, bilgisayar ve inşaat alanları ile ilgili olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Bu sonuca göre, özel yetenekli öğrencilerin toplum tarafından kabul görmüş mühendislik algılarını devam ettirdikleri ifade edilebilir. Bu kapsamda özel yetenekli öğrencilerin mühendislik algılarını zenginleştirmek için farklı mühendislik temelli STEM etkinliklerinin öğretim programlarında yer alması önerilmektedir.
Evaluation of immediate and delayed surgery for pathological fracture due to unicameral bone cysts in children
Authors: Chen Xin , Chen Kai , Su Yuxi
Published: July 2020

Purpose

Unicameral bone cysts (UBCs) are most often found when accompanied by a pathological fracture. In these cases, the doctor must determine the optimal timing for the surgery. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcome of immediate surgery as compared with delayed surgery in paediatric pathological fractures due to UBCs.

Methods

This retrospective study assessed the medical records of 65 patients between January 2012 and September 2016. Group A included 34 patients who underwent immediate surgery, including curettage, demineralized bone matrix and fixation with elastic stable intramedullary nailing. Group B included 31 patients who underwent the same surgery several months later. The outcome evaluations included the radiological changes, brace fixation time, cyst healing time, at the first-, third- and sixth month, and final visit.

Results

The mean brace fixation time was 26.3 days (sd 5.7) for group A and 53.8 days (sd .1) for group B (p = 0.012). According to radiological evaluations, 3/34 patients in group A and 5/31 in group B had recurrence after the first surgery. A second surgery was performed in all cases of recurrence, and all fractures were healed at the last visit. There was no significant difference in the recurrence rate between the two groups (p = 0.4631), and healing times were also similar (p = 0.6033).

Conclusion

Both the immediate and delayed surgery were safe for the treatment of UBCs with fractures. We suggest immediate surgery for shorter fixation time and early activity.

Level of evidence

IV
STUDYING THE PHONOLOGY OF THE OLŮKŮMI, IGALA, OWÉ AND YORŮBA LANGUAGES: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS.
Authors: Elizabeth AROKOYO Bolanle
Published: July 2020

This study presents a comparative analysis of the phonological systems of the Yorůbá, Owé, Igala and Olůkůmi languages of the Defoid language family of Benue Congo. Data were collected from native speakers using the Ibadan Four Hundred Word List of Basic Items. Using discovered common lexemes in the languages, the classification of the languages sound systems and syllable systems are carried out in order to determine the major patterns of differences and similarities. Some major sound changes were discovered in the lexical items of the languages. The systematic substitutions of sounds also constitute another major finding observed in the languages. It was established in this study that there exists a very strong relationship among these languages. The languages are found to be mutually unintelligible except for Owé that has a degree of mutual intelligibility with Yoruba. The paper concludes that the major reason for divergence is language contact.
Tecnología autóctona y oligopolio en el sector de las telecomunicaciones: Amper, 1980-2003
Authors: Calvo Ángel
Published: July 2020

El artículo explora las pautas y mecanismos de supervivencia de una empresa de las telecomunicaciones con tecnología de base autóctona durante las décadas de los ochenta y noventa en un contexto de creciente liberalización e integración del mercado, que, no obstante, mantenía su estructura oligopólica. Su objetivo es aportar elementos al conocimiento del comportamiento de las empresas industriales en esas áreas entre el Estado-nación y las multinacionales y en un contexto de intenso cambio tecnológico, creciente integración económica y rápida transición a economías abiertas. En cuanto a la metodología, prima lo narrativo y el estudio de un caso, centrado en la peripecia de Amper. El análisis de la trayectoria se basa en una combinación de fuentes primarias y secundarias, entre las que sobresalen las propias de Amper. El artículo se estructura en cuatro grandes apartados, que incluyen los factores de la expansión de Amper, la internacionalización de la empresa en sus diversas facetas, la asociación corporativa con multinacionales y las desinversiones y segregaciones. Sus averiguaciones revelan que la longevidad de Amper se debe a la conjunción de una pluralidad de factores tecnológicos y organizativos, que convirtieron una antigua empresa familiar en una compleja minimultinacional de las TIC especializada en defensa y seguridad.
Humanitats digitals i pedagogies culturals: mirades creuades als entorns educatius híbrids.
Authors: Huerta Ricard , Suárez Cristóbal
Published: July 2020

The Arts and the Humanities are experiencing a rapid process of evolution and change thanks to the growth of the digital universe. Education is also undergoing profound transformations, also motivated by the impact of this virtual reality which is already both local and global, ubiquitous, and affects us all. As teacher trainers, we analyse the hybridizations of the two scenarios of digital humanities and cultural pedagogies which can either create an integrative climate geared towards achievement, or, in the worst case, foster a new model of abuse and excess towards teachers and students at different stages of education. Looking at the situation, we observe that the digital dimension can help to break down the traditional barriers that have been imposed by specific areas of knowledge, and can help to achieve connected scenarios. Here we are interested in the different hybrid models, involving artists, arts educators, historians, linguists and designers, who show us their particular visions of this new model of connected educational contexts.
Percepcions dels estudiants sobre el valor de les tecnologies de la informació i comunicació en la seva formació com a docents.
Authors: Domínguez Ricardo
Published: July 2020

Teachers' attitudes and beliefs play a key role in the implementation of technologies in educational practice. Teacher training programmes in ICT competence, in both initial and in-service training, usually focus on the acquisition of a body of knowledge and the development of certain skills and abilities around the use of technological resources, but they do not usually address teachers’ perceptions or beliefs regarding their value in the teaching-learning processes. This article describes a study carried out in the context of the initial training of future Primary teachers which generate spaces of self-reflection on the value and use of technological resources. The data obtained from a questionnaire administered at the end of the course allow an analysis of the aspects that students highlight with regard to the use of technologies in their training and in their use in the classroom.
L'artesà high tech. El procés projectual per educar en la nova era.
Authors: Timor Pascual
Published: July 2020

Drawing on the author’ professional experience, this article describes the conceptual and instrumental changes that have taken place in the design and production process of serial ceramic products as a result of the appearance of digital tools in the classroom.
Laser processing of alumina ceramic by a spatially superposing millisecond laser and a nanosecond laser with different beam shapes
Authors: Jia Xianshi , Dong Jing , Chen Yongqian , Wang Hailin , Zhu Guangzhi , Shan Ping , Aleksei Kozlov , Zhu Xiao
Published: July 2020

Advanced combined pulse laser (CPL) processing technology with high processing efficiency is of interest for both academic and engineering prospects. However, the influence of the spatial superposition of the CPL on the processing quality is unclear. Here, we use a CPL composed of a nanosecond and millisecond laser with different beam shapes to drill alumina ceramic. Experimental and simulation results suggest that the CPL drilling process actively homogenizes the laser in the hole through multi-reflection of the laser, and thus holes with high circularity are obtained without the influence of the beam shape of the nanosecond laser. The research shows this to be a novel processing method, and that the processing quality is independent of the laser beam shape.
Loss compensation in metamaterials and plasmonics with virtual gain [Invited]
Authors: Ghoshroy Anindya , Özdemir Şahin K. , Güney Durdu Ö.
Published: July 2020

Metamaterials and plasmonics potentially offer an ultimate control of light to enable a rich number of non-conventional devices and a testbed for many novel physical phenomena. However, optical loss in metamaterials and plasmonics is a fundamental challenge rendering many conceived applications not viable in practical settings. Many approaches have been proposed so far to mitigate losses, including geometric tailoring, active gain media, nonlinear effects, metasurfaces, dielectrics, and 2D materials. Here, we review recent efforts on the less explored and unique territory of “virtual gain” as an alternative approach to combat optical losses. We define the virtual gain as the result of any extrinsic amplification mechanism in a medium. Our aim is to accentuate virtual gain not only as a promising candidate to address the material challenge, but also as a design concept with broader impacts.
Single-cell terahertz spectral characteristics in simulated scattering near-field imaging mode
Authors: Wang Jie , Yan Shihan , Li Zaoxia , Zang Ziyi , Lu Xingxing , Cui Hong-Liang
Published: July 2020

Spectral imaging of a single cell with terahertz (THz) wave is valuable in determination of its physiological state for cell-based precision diagnosis, as THz photon energy is in tune with the vibration-rotation and conformation related excitations of cellular material, and THz absorption is extremely sensitive to the state and degree of hydration of a cell. Because of the severe mismatch between the cell size and the THz wavelength, such imaging has to be carried out in the near-field modality. To make the design and performance assessment of a THz near-field spectral imager effective and systematic, we simulate the scattering THz near-field signals of tumor cells by strictly controlling cell model parameters with representative physiological states. The results demonstrate that the specific physiological characteristics from intracellular hydration state, nucleocytoplasmic ratio, and cell geometric morphology of tumor cells can be characterized quantitatively by their discrepant dielectric response in the THz band, correlating THz near-field scattering signal from a cell with the latter’s corresponding physicochemical state.
Democracia participativa, protestas sociales y autoritarismo en el socialismo del siglo XXI: el movimiento estudiantil venezolano
Authors: García-Guadilla María Pilar
Published: July 2020

Siguiendo el enfoque de la estructura de oportunidades políticas y la noción de identidad colectiva, uno de los objetivos de este trabajo es analizar las movilizaciones y ciclos de protesta en los que participó el movimiento estudiantil venezolano, el actor con mayor credibilidad, durante el periodo 2007-2019. El propósito es conocer el impacto del cierre del sistema político a la participación, la polarización y el creciente autoritarismo y represión en su éxito o fracaso.
Can Developed Countries Make History of Poverty?
Authors: Khormi Sameer
Published: July 2020

Since poverty is a serious issue that has had its impacts on human internationally, this paper aims to discuss poverty from different aspects and the reasons for making a history of poverty, as well as if the developed countries caused in making history of poverty. Furthermore, this paper discussed the history of poverty in the past 50 years and some initiatives have undertaken by UN and international bank to overcome the impacts of poverty in developing countries, particularly on education and healthcare. Then,  a comparison was made between some developing countries how they benefited from these initiatives, while others remained poor.
Radiologic practice in the face of COVID-19. The impact on private Radiologic facilities in south-south Nigeria.
Authors: ROBINSON EBBI
Published: July 2020

Abstract

Background: CoronaVirus Disease (Covid-19) is a highly contagious disease that has spread to many countries all over the globe and the index case in Nigeria was confirmed on 27th February 2020. The study is aimed at evaluating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on private radiologic facilities in south-south Nigeria. Methodology: This was a retrospective survey of 5 private radiologic facilities in Port Harcourt, south-south Nigeria from November 2019 to April 2020 using the facilities monthly statistics. The statistics were evaluated to assess the attendance of patients to radiologic investigation before and during the pandemic. The inclusion criteria are the availability of personal protective equipment (PPE) and radiologic practise guideline in accordance with the COVID-19 pandemic. Records concerning patient’s attendance to Plain radiography, Ultrasonography, Computed tomography, hysterosalpingography, mammography and Magnetic resonance imaging were reviewed. The data collated were analyzed and presented in tables, charts and graphs.Results: The highest number of patients was observed in November 2019 with 2.6% decrease in January, 82.9% and 90.1% decrease in March 2020 and April 2020 respectively. All the centres had a significant reduction in the use of radiologic facilities within this period of the pandemic. The negative economic impact was estimated to be huge drawing an inference from the very poor patient’s turnout. Conclusion: In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic was a global catastrophe in radiologic investigation and its impact in private radiologic facilities in Port Harcourt was enormous.
Riemann Hypothesis from the Physicist’s Point of View
Authors: Zayko Yuriy
Published: July 2020

This article presents an attempt to comprehend the evolution of the ideas underlying the physical approach to the proof of one of the problems of the century - the Riemann hypothesis regarding the location of non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function. Various formulations of this hypothesis are presented, which make it possible to clarify its connection with the distribution of primes in the set of natural numbers. A brief overview of the main directions of this approach is given. The probable cause of their failures is indicated - the solution of the problem within the framework of the classical Turing paradigm. A successful proof of the Riemann hypothesis based on the use of a relativistic computation model that allows one to overcome the Turing barrier is presented. This model has been previously applied to solve another problem not computable on the classical Turing machine - the calculation of the sums of divergent series for the Riemann zeta function of the real argument. The possibility of using relativistic computing for the development of artificial intelligence systems is noted.
Wi-Fi Security Using WEKA
Authors: Wai Khaing Khaing
Published: July 2020

Wi-Fi is a vital piece of day by day life. Billions of people the world over depend upon Wi-Fi in their homes and organizations, to shop, bank, facilitate life, and remain related. Wireless connectivity devices, for example, phones, Laptops and PCs are by and large progressively utilized by University students to get to learning assets nearby systems and the Internet. Most of the phones offer security shows for relationship with a Wi-Fi router. This paper presents a layout of Wi-Fi security and suggestions as indicated by Wi-Fi organization.
IoT Security: Simulation and Analysis of TCP SYN Flooded DDOS Attack using WireShark
Authors: Thant Yee Mon
Published: July 2020

Nowadays Internet of Things (IoTs) technology is significantly entering our daily lives because IoT have widely scope such as security systems, smart industrial environment, vehicles, electronic appliances, wearable devices, healthcare etc. Since these devices are interconnected with each other on the internet to give the various types of services to consumers with various technologies. The emergence of new technology in various fields it also brings up challenges in the area of the forensic investigation. The latest tools and the procedure stream did won't satisfy disseminated and current IoT infrastructure. In recent year, the huge improvement of DDoS assault in IoT network, IoT security has directly gotten to be one of the first concerned points inside the field of network security. SYN flood assault misuses the TCP’ three way handshake handle and all victim's assets are depleted and assist connection requests cannot be considered, so this can be denying the legitimate gets to. The outcomes produced are utilized as evidences to demonstrate that a machine is victimized and is confronting a DDOS attack. In this paper, we have done network analysis for detecting SYN flooded attack on IoT Smart Environment using WireShark.
Neologismen in der Ingenieurtechnik und der Industrie
Authors: Schorn Wolfgang
Published: July 2020

Der vorliegende Beitrag betrachtet anhand einiger Beispiele die Einführung und Verwendung technischer Neologismen. Besonderer Wert wird auf die ursprüngliche Bedeutung von bereits bekannten Begriffen gelegt, welche in neuem Sinn interpretiert werden. Eine wichtige Rolle kommt dabei Anglizismen und Scheinanglizismen zu. Im Bereich der Ingenieurwissenschaften ist die sinnvolle und korrekte Anwendung technischer Ausdrücke von besonderer Bedeutung; sie spiegelt das Verständnis für die zu lösenden Aufgaben wider und ist darüber hinaus ein Anliegen der Informationskultur.
Take it to the (public) bank: The efficiency of public bank loans to private firms
Authors: Kärnä Anders
Published: July 2020

Incomplete capital markets and credit constraints for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are often considered obstacles to economic growth, thus motivating government interventions in capital markets. While such policies are common, it is less clear to what extent these interventions result in firm growth or to which firms interventions should be targeted. Using a unique dataset with information about state bank loans targeting credit-constrained SMEs in Sweden with and without complementary private bank loans, this paper contributes to the literature by studying how these loans affect the targeted firms for several outcome variables. The results suggest that the loans create a one-off increase in investments, with long-term, positive effects for sales and labor productivity but only for firms with 10 or fewer employees. Increased access to capital by firms can therefore produce increases in economic output but only in a specific type of firm. This insight is of key importance in designing policy if the aim is to increase economic growth.
Medicine, anti-realism and ideology: Variation in medical genetics does not show that race is biologically real
Authors: Msimang Phila Mfundo
Published: July 2020

Lee McIntyre’sRespecting Truthchronicles the contemporary challenges regarding the relationship amongst evidence, belief formation and ideology. The discussion in his book focusses on the ‘politicisation of knowledge’ and the purportedly growing public (and sometimes academic) tendency to choose to believe what is determined by prior ideological commitments rather than what is determined by evidence-based reasoning. In considering these issues, McIntyre posits that the claim “race is a myth” is founded on a political ideology rather than on support from scientific evidence. He contrasts this view with the argument that racially correlated biomedical outcomes for self-identified racial groups suggest that biological races are real. I explore how McIntyre’s framing of the claim “race is a myth” as fundamentally ideological results in him failing to engage with the arguments and evidence many constructionists and biological anti-realists put forward in support of their views. I also show how the biomedical evidence he thinks supports biological realism is unconvincing.
First results of a Middle Stone Age survey in the Kerma region, northern Sudan
Authors: Bicho Nuno , Haws Jonathan , Honegger Matthieu
Published: July 2020

Sudan is a vitally important region for understanding the migrations of Anatomically Modern Humans from the African continent. Here, the authors present the results of a preliminary survey in the Kerma region, during which, 16 new Middle Stone Age sites were discovered.
Inequality on the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America measured by house-floor area and storage capacity
Authors: Ames Kenneth M. , Grier Colin
Published: July 2020

Recent large-scale comparative archaeological studies of wealth differences have used Gini coefficients to assess inequality, employing house-floor area as a standardised, cross-cultural proxy for wealth. Two such studies have found that storage capacity produces higher Gini coefficients than floor area, suggesting that the latter measures household wealth, while the former reflects anticipated income. Here, the authors test these relationships using the floor area and storage capacity of excavated houses on the Lower Columbia River in the Pacific Northwest. The results, which reflect those from previous studies, support the cross-cultural nature of the pattern, and show that storage capacity reflects food-surplus deployment strategies rather than anticipated household income.
Anatomical, Mechanical and Fractographic Characterization of Needle Punched Musa sapientum Cellulosic Fiber/UPE Composites
Authors: Kenned Jack J. , Sankaranarayanasamy K. , Suresh Kumar C.
Published: July 2020

This study focuses on the evolution of a new biodegradable material sourced from agro-waste, and how it plays a vital role in replacing nonbiodegradable material. In the present work, new fibers were extracted from the pseudo stem of the Nendran variety of the banana plant. Initially, anatomical studies were carried out on raw fibers to investigate cellulosic and noncellulosic structures to prove its reinforcement potentiality. Later the cellulosic fibers were needle punched and reinforced with unsaturated polyester matrix (UPE) to fabricate a needle-punched banana fiber composite (NPBFC). Subsequently, 30 mm of chopped banana fiber and chopped glass fiber was reinforced randomly with the UPE to fabricate random banana fiber composites (RBFCs) and random glass fiber composites (RGFCs), respectively. Tensile, flexural, hardness, and impact tests were conducted on different fiber wt.% of NPBFC, RBFC, and RGFC to compute the mechanical properties. The results revealed superior mechanical properties at 40 wt.% fiber content. However, beyond 40 wt.% (i.e., 50 wt.%), abrupt failure due to inferior interfacial bonding between the composite constituents was noted. Furthermore, the increases in tensile, flexural, hardness, and impact strength of optimized NPBFC were 26.17, 24.73, 53.41, and 19.54 %, respectively, which are more supercilious than RBFC and comparable with RGFC. Moreover, the thermal stability of optimized NPBFC was evidenced up to 260°C. Finally, field emission scanning electron microscopy observation inferred that the interfacial bonding failure in NPBFC is less significant than the RBFC and RGFC. This study concludes that the synthesized NPBFC can be used for the application of lightweight structural components.
Fatigue Behavior of Bolted Joints: Comparative Analysis for the Effect of Fretting and Stress Concentration
Authors: Li Xin , Yang Jianwei
Published: July 2020

In this paper, a methodology is developed to investigate the combined effect of some main factors (bolt pretension load, shear load, coefficient of friction, and bolted joints structure) on the fatigue performance of bolted joints. A parameter k, which reflects the ratio of bolt pretension load to shear load, is used to evaluate the competition effect of fretting and stress concentration on fatigue damage of bolted joints. The analysis result deduces that as the increase of k, the effect of stress concentration is decreased, while the influence of fretting is increased. At the increase of the bolt pretension load, the fatigue crack formation position will be far away from the hole center. This parameter k can be used as a design or assembly parameter to improve the strength performance of the bolted joints.
ARAPSAÇI OTUNUN (FOENİCULUM VULGARE) KURUMA KİNETİĞİNİN İNCELENMESİ VE KURUMA DAVRANIŞININ MODELLENMESİ
Authors: TEKGÜL Yeliz , ÇALIŞKAN KOÇ Gülşah
Published: July 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, arapsaçı otunun (Foeniculum vulgare) farklı kurutma teknikleri ve koşulları altında kuruma davranışının belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla, arapsaçı otu mikrodalga fırında (460-700 W) ve tepsili kurutucuda (1 m/s hava akış hızı, 50-70 °C) kurutulmuştur. Örneklerin kuruma süreleri mikrodalga fırında 105-150s arasında değişirken, bu süre sıcak havada kurtulan örnekler için 60-150dk arasında değişim göstermiştir. Örneklerin kuruma davranışının beş farklı ince tabaka kurutma modeline (Lewis, Page, Henderson ve Pabis, iki terimli eksponansiyel, logaritmik) uyumluluğu incelenmiştir. Mikrodalga fırında kurutulan örnekler için en yüksek R2, en düşük RMSE ve χ2 değerleri Page modelden elde edilirken, sıcak havada kurutulan örnekler için logaritmik modelden elde edilmiştir. Tüm kurutma denemelerinde kuruma genel olarak azalan hızda kuruma periyodunda gerçekleşmiştir. Mikrodalga fırında kurutulan örnekler için daha yüksek efektif nem difüzyon katsayısı değerleri (4.7061x10-7 - 8.3168 x10-7 m2/s) elde edilmiştir. Aktivasyon enerjisi mikrodalga fırında kurutulan örnekler için 131.3443 W/g, sıcak havada kurutulan örnekler için ise 37.5142 kJ/mol olarak hesaplanmıştır.
INTERMITTENT GRINDING TEMPERATURE MODELING FOR GRINDING SYSTEM STATE MONITORING
Authors: Larshin Vasily P. , Lishchenko Natalia V. , Pitel Jan
Published: July 2020

A dry and wet intermittent grinding temperature mathematical model for the thermal macro- or micro-cycle was developed and studied. The heating stage corresponds to the wheel cutting segment passage time through the every contact zone point. The cooling stage corresponds to the passage time of the grinding wheel groove (or pore) through the point mentioned. The dry intermit-tent grinding temperature field is formed by temperature field superposition during the indicated both heating and cooling cycle stag-es under the action of heat flux on each point of the surface being ground. While during wet intermittent grinding with grinding fluid through the grooves (or pores) of the intermittent grinding wheel, the temperature field formed at the heating stage is the initial con-dition for determining the temperature field at the forced cooling stage. Based on the obtained model of the intermittent grinding temperature field the geometrical parameters of the discontinuous (slotted, segmented, high porous) grinding wheel are found and determined for the grinding with intermittent grinding wheel as follows: the number of cutting sections on the wheel and the duty factor of the period of heat flux pulses. The wet intermittent grinding temperature field is also formed by summing (stitching) the temperature fields. However, the heat exchange of the surface being ground with the cooling medium, which periodically acts on this surface during the cooling stage, is taken into account in each macro- or micro-cycle of heat flux in intermittent grinding.The pre-sented article is the result of current work carried out as part of the scientific school of Professor A.V. Yakimov who was the founder of intermittent grinding technology and automation of grinding operations.
Discoloration of alizarin red on thin films of Fe (III)-tetracarboxyphenyl porphyrin deposited on silicon oxide
Authors: Diaz-Uribe Carlos , Vera Kevin , Vega Dariana
Published: July 2020

Alizarin Red is a water soluble anthraquinone dye used extensively in the textile industry as a staining agent and is considered to be one of the most recalcitrant and durable pollutants. Fenton reaction can be used to destroy a wide variety of organic compounds: a ferrous ion reacts with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to form hydroxyl radical (HO•) which is a powerful oxidizing agent. The rate of this reaction could be increased when exposed o UV–vis light, this method is known as photo-assisted Fenton process and constitutes an attractive alternative of advance oxidation process. In this work, we studied the alizarin red dye photocatalytic discoloration through heterogeneous Photo-Fenton process induced by visible light; we used tetra (4-carboxyphenyl) porphyrin iron (III) adsorbed on silicon dioxide thin films. The characterization of the catalyst was carried out by UV-Vis, diffuse reflectance and IR-FT; The tests were carried out at three (3) pH values 1.0, 3.0 and 5.0; finally, the kinetic model described by Langmuir-Hinshelwood was used to obtain kinetic parameters for photo-discoloration process. The results showed that at pH = 1.0 highest alizarin red photo-discoloration percentage was reported; furthermore, after applied the pseudo-first order model, we obtained rate constants (k) for discoloration process that finds the highest k value was 1.1x10-2 min-1. The hydroxyl radicals were detected by chemical trapping through indirect fluorescence of the 2-hydroxyterephthalic acid. Photo-Fenton processes based on heterogeneous catalysis systems solve part of these environmental problems providing an easy separation and recovery of the catalyst from the treated wastewater, wherein it is noncorrosive, and, besides, it is environmentally friendly.
Actual challenges of institutional rebranding of public organizations of national minorities of Ukraine
Authors: Tokar Marian
Published: July 2020

Ethnic communities in Ukraine are vulnerable in socio-economic and politically challenging conditions. National minorities today face two problems of survival: 1) maintaining consolidation; 2) deepening integration into Ukrainian society. In such a situation, an important instrumental role is played by civil society institutions, such as civic organizations representing the public interest of national minorities at the institutional level. They have real resource potential, which in the conditions of decentralization and increasing the effectiveness of relations with the state can minimize the risks of socially consolidating component of Ukrainian society. There is a need for the readiness of public organizations of national minorities to fulfill the social and management mission. One such promising step could be the process of institutional rebranding of public organizations of national minorities.The purpose of the article is to analyze the procedure of institutional rebranding of public organizations of national minorities in Ukraine. The study is aimed at a motivational action that brings together citizens who are ready for public interaction with other subjects of social and administrative relations and interested in representing the image of the national minority in the country. Institutional rebranding aims to change public perceptions of public organizations as public organizations as institutions engaging in public activity rather than socially profitable ones. They are updating the social purpose of NGOs. After all, the main tasks of modern institutional re-branding of public organizations are to enhance the social uniqueness of the public institute, to strengthen the role and importance of the organization in civil society, as well as to attract it to a wide range of citizens who increase their social responsibility in a mono-national and nation-wide environment. We propose to follow the impact of institutional rebranding of public organizations of national minorities with the help of several important principles: 1) perception of the political regime; 2) regulatory regulation of activity; 3) the nature of interethnic coexistence; 4) strengthening social and consolidating role.We are aware of the fact that in Ukraine the level of effective authority of the "third sector" is rather mediocre, and in the context of public interaction between state and non-governmental institutions a priority model of cooperation has not yet been developed. Moreover, socio-economic circumstances make it difficult to change existing perceptions of NGOs. Therefore, institutional rebranding is new, but extremely relevant, especially for public organizations of national minorities, a method of public positioning in the current conditions of development of the state and civil society.
Conceptual principles of the strategic planning in the field of safety of state boundary of Ukraine
Authors: Моrohov Oleh , Маgаs Genadiy
Published: July 2020

Conceptual principles of the strategic planning are set forth in the field of safety of state boundary of Ukraine, that include the concept of the strategic planning in the field of safety of state boundary, her aim, principles and model. Origin of the new threats of national safety, related to "hybrid" aggression of Russian against Ukraine, to temporal occupation by her Crimea, kindling of the armed conflict in the east regions of Ukraine, realization of the events sent to destabilization of political and economic situation in Ukraine, development of terrorism and by the threat of his distribution territory of Ukraine, transformations that take place in the sector of safety and defensive stipulated an urgent requirement in a revision and determination of new aims, priorities and tasks on development frontier organization Ukraine, and also revision existent strategic document. In addition, the necessity of creation of the new system of defence of border appeared with Russian and other contiguous states as a guarantee of state sovereignty and providing of national safety, introductions of the European standards of the integrated management by borders.Determination of concept, principles, aim and model of the strategic planning in the field of safety of state boundary of Ukraine offers authors. In the context of this research, under providing of safety of state boundary of Ukraine the process of defence of national interests is understood on a state boundary, and also, making the systems of providing of national safety.For today, strategic planning in the field of safety of state boundary of Ukraine, as the mechanism of state administration, sent to providing of counteraction to the present and potential threats of national safety, that comes true in interests a frontier department, other law enforcement authorities and soldiery forming, and also executive, enterprises, establishments and organizations activity of that is related to national safety bodies.
Influence of Public Opinion on the Optimization of Communicative Interaction in the Public Administration Sphere
Authors: Rachynska Olena
Published: July 2020

The article deals with the influence of public opinion on the process of state and administrative decision-making as one of the most pressing problems and a condition for effective interaction of participants of the political and administrative process. Theoretical analysis of the research field on the issues of knowledge and practice of influence of public opinion on the optimization of communicative interaction in the public administration sphere is presented.The essence of this phenomenon is analyzed and the main characteristics of public opinion is noted: it is determined primarily by the events that affect it; accordingly, the demand for action is the reaction of public opinion to events; influencing people is primarily due to influencing their interests; level of trust in management determines the amount of authority given to it; education and information contribute to common sense and moderate human behavior.It is determined that public opinion is a phenomenon more voluminous and complexly structured than the mere sum of points of view expressed by a certain set of individuals. Accordingly, its characteristic features and important practical aspects are directionality and intensity; stability, information saturation and social support. It is established that the functioning of public opinion depends essentially on the type of society that can stimulate and develop functions or deform and restrain them. The essence of public opinion and its main functions is analyzed.Ways to improve the effectiveness of the communicative component in the public administration system is identified. The main ones are optimization of the system of continuous communication between the centers of government decision making and civil society institutions; ensuring an effective public information policy; strengthening the practice of public reporting by public authorities; improving the effectiveness of civil society structures. The process of forming public opinion through the implementation of mechanisms of communicative interaction in the public administration sphere is considered; it is established that public opinion has its structural and operational features.The specifics of communication interaction in the public administration sphere is analyzed. The peculiarity of communicative interaction is to define it as a system of consistent methodological, methodic and organizational-technical procedures within the separate constituent mechanisms, connected by a single purpose: obtaining reliable data on the phenomenon under study or process for their further use in order to increase the effectiveness of the communicative dialogue between the authorities and civil society institutions.