bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Angiogenesis-Enhanced Biomimetic Nanofiber Dressings: VEGF-Infused Electrospun Membranes for Targeted Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration
Authors: Lin Xunxun , Liu Haibo , Li Xixi , Ling Yu , Wei Yanlin , Huang Xiazi , Li Hongmian
Published: October 2024

Biomimetic dressings are widely regarded as optimal medical dressings for promoting wound healing. Researchers are endeavoring to develop a new class of dressings that can fend off bacterial infections, accelerate tissue regeneration, and perform specialized tasks to facilitate wound healing and repair. This study presents an electrospinning nanofiber membrane-building approach based on natural biopolymers and the addition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to boost angiogenesis and promote wound healing. The composite nanofiber membrane made using the electrospinning technique can retain its physicochemical properties and biological function. It has strong biocompatibility and is appropriate for wound repair because of its improved mechanical and biomedical qualities. The designed nanofiber membrane regulates the release of highly concentrated VEGF to target the wound specifically. It facilitates the interchange of nutrients and oxygen, encourages endothelial cell migration and proliferation, and forms the vascular lumens, all of which help to speed up tissue regeneration and wound healing. As a result, VEGF@PAG nanofiber dressings have the potential to overcome the drawbacks of conventional patches and emerge as the most beneficial alternatives for wound healing and associated biological applications.
The value relevance of deferred tax assets: An empirical analysis of German HDAX-listed companies
Authors: Zimmermann Jochen
Published: October 2024

Deferred taxes emerge from timing differences in recognizing income and expenses between commercial and tax financial statements. However, the capitalization of deferred tax assets remains contentious, with questions raised about their value relevance to investors. This study aims to investigate the informational value and economic significance of deferred tax assets in financial statements prepared in accordance with both German commercial law (HGB) and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). The analysis is based on financial data from 1,066 firm-year observations of HDAX-listed companies from 2000 to 2022. Using an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression model, the study examines the relationship between deferred tax assets and the market value of equity. Key financial variables, including research and development expenses, deferred tax liabilities, net income, and the market-to-book ratio, are incorporated to provide a comprehensive assessment of deferred tax asset relevance in capital markets. The results demonstrate that deferred tax assets have a negligible impact on the market value of companies, with no statistically significant effect detected. Conversely, research and development costs, as well as net income, exhibit a strong positive influence on firm valuation. These findings suggest that deferred tax assets serve largely as an accounting mechanism, lacking informational value for investors.
Building a culture of excellence by transforming toxic corporate environments
Authors: Taghikilanidamavandi Liyousa
Published: October 2024

The article explores the profound impact of corporate culture on organizational performance and employee well-being. It delves into the detrimental effects of toxic corporate culture, characterized by poor leadership, ineffective communication, high-stress levels, and unethical behavior, which collectively undermine productivity and morale. The study also examines the significant economic impact of toxic corporate culture, including decreased productivity, high employee turnover, increased absenteeism, reputational damage, legal and ethical costs, and reduced innovation. The article proposes a comprehensive framework for cultural transformation, emphasizing the importance of leadership development, emotional intelligence training, open communication, recognition and rewards, work-life balance initiatives, diversity and inclusion programs, conflict resolution training, and continuous learning and development. By implementing these evidence-based strategies, organizations can transition from toxic environments to thriving, healthy workplaces that foster excellence and sustainable success. This approach not only enhances employee satisfaction and engagement but also drives innovation and economic growth within the organization.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and drug-induced injuries: Pathogenetic aspects, treatment and prevention
Authors: Pakhomova I. G.
Published: October 2024

Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease is a common chronic disease  characterized by increased fat accumulation in the liver and underlying metabolic dysfunction. In the occurrence of this disease, cardiometabolic factors are important: dyslipidemia, impaired carbohydrate metabolism, insulin resistance, which increase as metabolic dysfunction- associated steatotic liver progresses and most often contribute to the development of cardiovascular pathology. Currently, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver is a multisystem disease associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, oncology, etc. Metabolic dysfunction- associated steatotic liver most often affects comorbid patients who take a considerable number of medications. Over the past decades, many drugs have been identified that have the potential to cause steatohepatitis in susceptible individuals. The range of drugs that have hepatotoxicity is quite large. More than 300 drugs are known to cause drug-induced liver injury. However, the true prevalence of drug-induced liver injury remains unknown, since it is not always possible to determine the true cause of liver damage or a specific drug. In this regard, the issue of management tactics for patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver and drug-induced liver injury remains relevant, especially when it comes to the need to take medications that are vital for the patient. The article provides a review of the literature on the etiopathogenetic, clinical and diagnostic aspects of both metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver and in combination with drug-induced liver injury, features of the management of comorbid patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver and drug-induced liver injury. Therapeutic approaches are reviewed with an emphasis on comprehensive management (non-pharmacological and pharmacotherapy). Prescribing essential phospholipids may be effective in the treatment of such patients.
Diagnostic models for differentiating fatty liver disease of alcohol and non-alcoholic genesis
Authors: Kruchinina M. V. , Osipenko M. F. , Parulikova M. V. , Belkovets A. V. , Kruchinina E. V.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Fatty liver disease is the largest contributor to the burden of chronic liver disease worldwide. Current approaches do not allow sufficient differentiation between alcoholic and non-alcoholic etiology of the process.

Aim. Create diagnostic panels including electrical and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes to differentiate fatty liver disease of alcoholic and non-alcoholic genesis.

Materials and methods. The study included 38 men (47.5 ± 2.9 years) with NAFLD; 31 men with alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) (45.1 ± 3.1 years) according to ultrasound of the abdominal organs, the degree of fibrosis did not exceed F1 (FibroScan® 502). Electrical and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes were studied by dielectrophoresis using an electro-optical cell detection system. To determine the parameters of erythrocytes – biomarkers for distinguishing between AFLD and NAFLD, a system of machine learning methods – Random Forest was used.

Results. Electrical, viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes, which are biomarkers for distinguishing between AFLD and NAFLD, were established: cell membrane capacity (p = 1.21E-11), the degree of change in the deformation amplitude at a frequency of 5 x 105 Hz (p = 2.38E-08), cell polarizability at a frequency of 106 Hz (p = 9.38E-08), the speed of erythrocyte movement to the electrodes (p = 4.32E-06), the magnitude of the dipole moment (p = 1.66E-05), relative polarizability (p = 2.35E-05), the index of erythrocyte destruction at a frequency of 5 x 105 Hz (p = 0.016), the position of the crossover frequency (p = 2.13E- 06). The diagnostic model, including five parameters – the position of the crossover frequency, cell polarizability at a frequency of 106 Hz, cell electrical conductivity, membrane capacity, the degree of change in the deformation amplitude at a frequency of 5 x 105 Hz, provided the highest diagnostic accuracy with an AUC of 0.975, a sensitivity of 96.3%, and a specificity of 91.8% in differentiating between AFLD and NAFLD.

Conclusion. Thus, systematic exposure to alcohol modifies the structure of erythrocyte membranes, leading to a decrease in the surface charge, the barrier function of membranes, reducing the resistance of cells, their ability to deform, which determines the key role of the identified electrical, viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes in differentiating between AFLD and NAFLD.
Important practical aspects in the management of patients with shot bowel syndrome and intestinal failure
Authors: Leyderman I. N.
Published: October 2024

Short bowel syndrome is a gastrointestinal disorder resulting from massive resection of the small intestine. The most common causes of resection are acute mesenteric ischemia, Crohn’s disease, abdominal trauma, adhesive intestinal obstruction, intestinal malignancies, and radiation enteritis. Short bowel syndrome with intestinal failure is characterized by severe malabsorption-m aldigestion accompanied by abdominal pain, diarrhea, dehydration, and progression of protein-energy malnutrition. Many patients with SBS develop long-term clinical complications over time due to altered bowel anatomy and physiology or various therapeutic interventions such as parenteral nutrition and central venous catheterization. This review focuses on the most important aspects of diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of several complications that can occur in this patient population, including macronutrient and micronutrient imbalances, diarrhea, fluid and electrolyte imbalances, metabolic bone disease, biliary disorders, bacterial overgrowth in the small intestine, and complications related to venous access. The main therapeutic strategies for SBS with intestinal failure are: special diet, enteral nutritional support with semi-elemental mixtures, parenteral nutrition, oral rehydration, antimicrobal and antidiarrheal drugs, enzymes. Administration of glucagon-like peptide 2 analog, teduglutide, is clinically effective in reducing dependence on parenteral nutrition and improving quality of life. Management of patients with SBS with intestinal failure is a complex long-term process which requires dynamic clinical and laboratory monitoring.
Frequency of detection of dyssynergic defecation in patients with overlap syndrome of functional disorders of the digestive organs associated with constipation
Authors: Maev I. V. , Gilyuk A. V. , Andreev D. N. , Kazyulin A. N.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The presence of dyssynergic defecation in a cohort of patients with overlap syndrome of functional disorders is poorly studied.

Aim. To assess the motor function and sensitivity parameters of the anorectal zone, to identify dyssynergic defecation and to analyze the frequency of correlation in patients with overlap syndrome of functional gastrointestinal disorders associated with constipation.

Materials and methods. A one-stage examination was conducted in four parallel groups. The study included 100 patients aged 30 to 40 years with the following diagnoses: constipation-p redominance irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C) (group 1), IBS-C combined with functional dyspepsia (group 2), IBS-C combined with functional biliary disorder (group 3) and healthy volunteers (group 0). All patients underwent a balloon expulsion test and high-resolution anorectal manometry to determine the presence of dyssynergic defecation.

Results. Based on the analysis of parameters according to anorectal manometry data, dyssynergic defecation was not detected in group 0, in group 1 dyssynergic defecation was detected in 8 people – 32.0% (95% CI 12.3–51.6), in group 2 – in 14 people – 56.0% (95% CI 35.0–76.9), in group 3 – in 16 people – 64.0% (95% CI 43.7–84.2). A negative evacuation test was detected in 8 (32%) patients in group 1, in 14 (56%) patients in group 2, and in 17 (68%) patients in group 3, which confirmed the presence of dyssynergic defecation.

Conclusions. This study demonstrated the presence of dyssynergic defecation in three groups of subjects, more often with a combination of irritable bowel syndrome with predominant constipation with functional dyspepsia, and most often with a functional disorder of the gallbladder.
A tanárszakos hallgatók tanári identitásának alakulása a pályaszocializációs gyakorlatok során
Authors: Lénárd Sándor , Czirfusz Dóra , Horváth András , Rapos Nóra
Published: October 2024

Korábbi kutatások feltárták, hogy a szakmai identitás alakulásában a képzésnek jelentős szerepe van (például Goodson & Cole, 1994; Nias, 1989; Olsen, Buchanan & Hewko, 2023; Volkmann & Anderson, 1998). A hazai tanárképzésben a pályaismereti és pályaszocializációs gyakorlatok képzésbe építése (8/2013. (I. 30.) EMMI rendelet) jelentősen átalakította a képzés tanulási környezetét. Az alábbi kutatás célja annak vizsgálata, hogy a pályaszocializációs gyakorlatok hogyan alakítják a hallgatók szakmai identitáskonstruálásának folyamatát. A Tanárképzők Szövetsége kezdeményezte az új képzési környezethez, a gyakorlatok bevezetéséhez kötődő országos vizsgálatot. A tanulmányban a kutatás első kvantitatív eredményeit mutatjuk be, amelyet pilot vizsgálatnak tekintünk, s egy képzőhely keresztmetszeti adataira épülnek. A kutatási kérdések arra irányulnak, hogy hogyan változik a hallgatók szakmai identitása a pályaszocializációs gyakorlatok idején, valamint hogy milyen jellemzőkkel függ össze a hallgatók identitáskonstrukciója.
TRIFLIC ACID-PROMOTED REGIO AND STEREOSELECTIVE SYNTHESIS OF POLYFUNCTIONALIZED ENAMINONES FROM DIBENZYLIDENE KETONES AND ORGANIC AZIDES
Authors: Souza Prates Lucas , Cunha Silvio
Published: October 2024

A stereoselective synthesis of α-aryl Z enaminones was developed by TfOH-promoted condensation of dibenzylidene ketones with organic azides. The cascade reactions involve the sequence of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of alkyl azides with the enone, aziridine formation, and 1,2-aryl migration via phenonium ion, whose stereochemical control by a strong N–H…O=C intramolecular hydrogen bond affords Z isomer exclusively. The readily available starting materials and ease of handling of TfOH are experimental advantages that give diversely substituted enaminones with total control of functionalization along the N–C=C–C=O conjugated system.
Introduction of the distribution of Cs in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 photovoltaic absorbers following post-deposition treatment with CsF
Authors: Cheng Shiqing , Sun Yun , Liu Hongmei
Published: October 2024

In recent years, the device performance of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) solar cells has been improved by heavy alkali element post-deposition treatment (Alkali-PDT). Therefore, it is of great significance to study the mechanism of enhancing CIGS device performance through Alkali-PDT. One aspect to be studied is the distribution of heavy alkali elements in the absorber. In this work, the distribution of the heavy alkali element Cs in the absorber after post deposition treatment of CsF (CsF-PDT) and its effect on the device performance are investigated. The experimental results indicate that Cs can enter both the grain interior (GI) and grain boundaries (GB) via the Cu vacancy (VCu). By comparing the distribution of Na and Cs in the film, it can be noticed that Na is mainly distributed at the GB, while Cs is not differently distributed between the GB and GI. This is mainly due to the fact that the presence of Na at GB inhibits the accumulation of Cs there. The distribution of Cs is beneficial in improving the device’s performance by passivating defects, such as InCu.
Investigation of dynamic response characteristics of light fixed-wing aircraft
Authors: Zhang Qi , Zhang Zheng , Wang Chunxiang
Published: October 2024

In order to ensure the stability of light fixed-wing aircraft during flight missions, considering the effects of relative airflow velocity and angle of attack, the distribution characteristics of velocity and pressure fields under different conditions, as well as the law of change of dynamic parameters, were derived by using aerodynamic methods. In the free modal condition, the modal truncation method was used to simulate and analyze the low-order modal shapes. Based on the modal analysis results, the sweep frequency range was set to 3-50 Hz, with a step size of 1.6 Hz, for a total of 30 substeps. A harmonic load of 1500 N was applied to the fuselage, and the displacement-frequency response curves and stress-frequency response curves of the fuselage structure and wing structure were extracted after the calculation. The results shows that the maximum lift-drag ratio occurs when the angle of attack is 6°, and the peak displacement deformation of the aircraft occurred around 24 Hz.
Modal analysis and structural noise control of vehicle body frame
Authors: Han Xin , Chi Xiubang
Published: October 2024

The structural noise inside the vehicle cabin is mainly low-frequency vibration, which is closely related to the modal characteristics of the vehicle frame. The finite element method was used to simulate and calculate the body frame under free modal conditions, and the first four effective modal shapes were obtained. The calculation error of the natural frequencies was verified through modal experiments. Taking structural stiffness into account, a sound-structure coupled model was established. The suspension connection point was selected as the excitation point, and a one-way dynamic load was applied to obtain the noise and vibration responses of the front and rear rows. Based on the modal analysis results, the top-roof reinforcement scheme was adopted to verify the noise suppression effect of the structure. The results show that the optimized structure can effectively suppress structural noise, which plays an important role in improving the NVH characteristics.
Dynamics analysis and collaborative optimization of vehicle steering mechanism
Authors: Zhao Lining , Cui Xiaolin , Wang Wenjing
Published: October 2024

In order to improve the dynamic response characteristics of the steering mechanism, a research scheme for increasing the natural frequency based on lightweight design was proposed. Based on the finite element method and the collaborative optimization method, the modal characteristics and harmonic response characteristics of the model were studied and analyzed to verify the strength and stiffness performance of the optimized structure. The modal shapes between the free mode and the constrained mode were compared and analyzed. With the second-order natural frequency as the optimization objective, the response surface function of the equivalent stiffness was constructed. Through optimization calculation, the design variables that satisfy the constraint conditions can be obtained. The results show that the optimized structure can increase the second-order natural frequency by 14.4 % on the premise of reducing the mass by 5.2 %, effectively avoiding the excitation frequency of the engine.
Simulation and experimental testing of locomotion characteristics of a vibration-driven system with a solenoid-type actuator
Authors: Korendiy Vitaliy , Kachur Oleksandr , Litvin Roman , Nazar Ihor , Brytkovskyi Vasyl , Nikipchuk Serhij , Ostashuk Mykola
Published: October 2024

Solenoids are commonly used in numerous industrial applications, where they convert electrical energy into mechanical motion. The present paper is focused on implementing a solenoid-type actuator in vibration-driven locomotion systems. The primary purpose of this study is simulation and experimental testing of the dynamic behavior of a wheeled vibratory robot taking into account the operational conditions of a solenoid-type vibration exciter. The research methodology involves the use of the SolidWorks software to simulate the robot’s locomotion, TinkerCAD software – to model the operation of a solenoid’s control system, and experimental investigations – to test the kinematic characteristics of the full-scale prototype of the vibration-driven robot. The results obtained by means of computer simulation and experimental studies are presented as time plots, displaying the robot’s body displacement, speed, and acceleration at different operational conditions of the solenoid-type actuator. The major scientific novelty of the present study consists in further development and improvement of the existent excitation principles and simulation models of the vibration-driven locomotion systems and wheeled robots. The obtained results are valuable for researchers and engineers working on investigating and designing of various vibratory locomotion systems, e.g., for pipeline inspection and cleaning.
Optimizing the utilization of pomelo (Citrus maxima (Brum.) Merr.) seeds as a quality dietary fiber
Authors: Budianto Budianto , Suparmi Anik , Susanti Dewi
Published: October 2024

Orange seeds, often overlooked as waste, have hidden potential since fiber derived from them contains numerous biochemical substances that can enhance the nutritional value of food. We aimed to investigate the impact of pomelo seed fiber on the biscuit dough’s properties (starch and gluten), physicochemical characteristics, and biochemistry, as well as the product’s shelf life.
We studied three types of samples: control (no dietary fiber), biscuits with dietary fiber from pomelo (Citrus maxima (Brum.) Merr.) seeds, and biscuits with wheat germ fiber. Scanning electron microscopy was employed to analyze rubbery starch and gluten in the dough, while response surface methods were used to optimize the biscuits’ strength via a central composite design. The product’s shelf life was determined based on microbial contamination levels. ANOVA test and Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference post hoc test were performed to assess the differences in physicochemical and biochemical properties.
Citrus seed fiber influenced rubbery starch and gluten properties, causing significant differences (p < 0.05) in fracturability, total dietary fiber, and Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity among the three samples. The biscuits enriched with citrus seed fiber contained flavonoid compounds and acylserotonin, with acyl-Nω-methylserotonin dominating in the C22 and C24 homologs. Despite varied evaluations in texture and aroma, the biscuits with citrus seed fiber were well-received for their taste and boasted an extended shelf life (> 12 months).
Dietary fiber obtained from C. maxima seeds not only enhanced the nutritional value of the biscuits but also paved the way for innovative healthy food opportunities.
BOX-PCR and ERIC-PCR evaluation for genotyping Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium in raw milk
Authors: Maurice Bilung Lesley , Radzi Ernie Suhaiza , Tahar Ahmad Syatir , Zulkharnain Azham , Ngui Romano , Apun Kasing
Published: October 2024

Over the past decade, the occurrence of milk-borne infections caused by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) has adversely affected consumer health and the milk industry.
We aimed to detect and genotype the strains of E. coli and S. Typhimurium isolated from cow and goat milks using two genotyping tools, BOX-PCR and ERIC-PCR. A total of 200 cow and goat milk samples were collected from the dairy farms in Southern Sarawak, Malaysia.
First, E. coli and Salmonella spp. detected in the samples were characterized using PCRs to identify pathogenic strains, STEC and S. Typhimurium. Next, the bacterial strains were genotyped using ERIC-PCR and BOX-PCR to determine their genetic relatedness. Out of 200 raw milk samples, 46.5% tested positive for non-STEC, 39.5% showed the presence of S. Typhimurium, and 11% were positive for STEC. The two genotyping tools showed different discrimination indexes, with BOX-PCR exhibiting a higher index mean (0.991) compared to ERIC-PCR (0.937). This suggested that BOX-PCR had better discriminatory power for genotyping the bacteria.
Our study provides information on the safety of milk sourced from dairy farms, underscoring the importance of regular inspections and surveillance at the farm level to minimize the risk of E. coli and Salmonella outbreaks from milk consumption.
UAV imagery, advanced deep learning, and YOLOv7 object detection model in enhancing citrus yield estimation
Authors: Daiaeddine Mohamed Jibril , Badrouss Sara , El Harti Abderrazak , Bachaoui El Mostafa , Biniz Mohamed , Mouncif Hicham
Published: October 2024

Accurate citrus fruit yield and estimation is of utmost importance for precise agricultural management. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote-sensing systems present a compelling solution to this problem. These systems capture remote-sensing imagery with both high temporal and spatial resolution, thus empowering farmers with valuable insights for better decisionmaking. This research assessed the potential application of UAV imagery combined with the YOLOv7 object detection model for the precise estimation of citrus yield.
Images of citrus trees were captured in their natural field setting using a quadcopter-mounted UAV camera. Data augmentation techniques were applied to enhance the dataset diversity; the original YOLOv7 architecture and training parameters were modified to improve the model’s accuracy in detecting citrus fruits.
The test results demonstrated commendable performance, with a precision of 96%, a recall of 100%, and an F1-score of 97.95%. The correlation between the fruit numbers recognized by the algorithm and the actual fruit numbers from 20 sample trees provided the coefficient R2 of 0.98.
The strong positive correlation confirmed both the accuracy of the algorithm and the validity of the approach in identifying and quantifying citrus fruits on sample trees.
PARP Pioneers: Using BRCA1/2 Mutation-targeted Inhibition to Revolutionize Breast Cancer Treatment
Authors: Sharma Navneet , Bhati Akash , Aggarwal Shagun , Shah Kamal , Dewangan Hitesh Kumar
Published: October 2024

Breast cancer stands on the second position in the world in being common and women happen to
have it with high rate of about five-folds around the world. The causes of occurrence can matter with different
humans be it external factors or the internal genetic ones. Breast cancer is primarily driven by mutations in the
BRCA1 and BRCA2 susceptibility genes. These BC susceptibility genes encode proteins critical for DNA homologous
recombination repair (HRR). Poly (ADP ribose) polymerases (PARP) are the essential enzymes involved
in the repairing of the damaged DNA. So the inhibition of these inhibitors can be considered as the
promising strategy for targeting cancers with defective damage in the deoxyribonucleic acid. Olaparib and talazoparib
are PARP inhibitors (PARPi) are being employed for the monotherapies in case of the deleterious
germline HER2-negative and BRCA-mutated breast cancer. The potency of PARP for trapping on DNA and
causes cytotoxicity may have difference in the safety and efficacy with the PARPi. The PARPi have been
found its place in the all different types of breast cancers and have shown potential benefits. The purpose of
this review is to provide an update on the oral poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors for the improvement
in the treatment and management of breast cancer.
Crocetin Enhances Temozolomide Efficacy in Glioblastoma Therapy Through Multiple Pathway Suppression
Authors: Tsai Wei-En , Liu Yen-Tsen , Kuo Fu-Hsuan , Cheng Wen-Yu , Shen Chiung-Chyi , Chiao Ming-Tsang , Huang Yu-Fen , Liang Yea-Jiuen , Yang Yi-Chin , Hsieh Wan-Yu , Chen Jun-Peng , Liu Szu-Yuan , Chiu Cheng-Di
Published: October 2024

Background:

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is an aggressive type of brain
tumor that is difficult to remove surgically. Research suggests that substances from saffron,
namely crocetin and crocin, could be effective natural treatments, showing abilities to kill cancer
cells.

Methods:

Our study focused on evaluating the effects of crocetin on glioma using the U87 cell
line. We specifically investigated how crocetin affects the survival, growth, and spread of glioma
cells, exploring its impact at concentrations ranging from 75-150 μM. The study also included
experiments combining crocetin with the chemotherapy drug Temozolomide (TMZ) to assess
potential synergistic effects.

Results:

Crocetin significantly reduced the viability, proliferation, and migration of glioma cells.
It achieved these effects by decreasing the levels of Matrix Metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) and
Ras homolog family member A (RhoA), proteins that are critical for cancer progression. Additionally,
crocetin inhibited the formation of cellular structures necessary for tumor growth. It
blocked multiple points of the Ak Strain Transforming (AKT) signaling pathway, which is vital
for cancer cell survival. This treatment led to increased cell death and disrupted the cell cycle in
the glioma cells. When used in combination with TMZ, crocetin not only enhanced the reduction
of cancer cell growth but also promoted cell death and reduced cell replication. This combination
therapy further decreased levels of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and Receptor for
Advanced Glycation End-products (RAGE), proteins linked to inflammation and tumor progression.
It selectively inhibited certain pathways involved in the cellular stress response without
affecting others.

Conclusion:

Our results underscore the potential of crocetin as a treatment for glioma. It targets
various mechanisms involved in tumor growth and spread, offering multiple avenues for
therapy. Further studies are essential to fully understand and utilize crocetin’s benefits in treating
glioma.
A Review on Phytochemical Constituents Used as Current Treatment Strategies for Neurodegenerative Disease
Authors: Jee Krishna , Gaur Rishabh , Kadian Jai Prakash , Meenu  , Murtaza Muhammad , Verma Sanjay Kumar , Malik Bharati , Shilpa
Published: October 2024

In today’s time, a diversity of neurodegenerative diseases that widely affect the CNS causing insufficiency in particular brain processes such as memory, mobility, and cognition due to the moderate loss of CNS neurons.
This review emphasizes different phytochemical constituents used widely for the prevention or treatment of various neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkin-son’s disease (PD). Berberin (BBR), which is an isoquinoline class of alkaloid and isolated from the plant Hydrastis condenses and Berberis aaristata, has both acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibiting properties as well as monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibiting properties involved in the betterment of AD by decreasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Like BBR, Physostigmine, isolated from the Physostigma venenosum / Calabar bean and belongs to the family Leguminosae, and Morphine, isolated from the plant Papaver somniferum / Opium poppy or Breadseed poppy, also has a significant impact on the management and treatment of AD and PD by reducing both neuroinflammation and pro-inflammatory cytokines production. Morphine bineurodegenerative diseases with μ-opioid receptor (MOR) in CNS elevate GABA levels in the synaptic cleft of the brain and reduces the neurotoxicity via stimulation of MOR. It has been discovered that physostigmine improves cognitive function in AD patients and reduces α-synu-clein expression in PD neural cell lines. Isorhyncophylline (IRN) is a Chinese herbal medicine isolated from the plant Uncaria rhyncophylla which provides neuroprotective efficiency against neurotoxicity that occurs by amyloid β (the main component of amyloid plaques) found in the brain of people with AD.
The Potential Role of Herbal Plants in the Management of Depression: Pre-Clinical and Clinical Evidence
Authors: Pannu Arzoo , Goyal Ramesh K. , Sharma Kalicharan
Published: October 2024

Depression, a debilitating mental health disorder affecting millions worldwide, con-tinues to challenge the medical community. While several pharmacological interventions ex-ist, their efficacy and side effects often warrant the exploration of alternative treatments. Natu-ral products derived from plants have gained attention for their potential antidepressant prop-erties in preclinical studies. This comprehensive review examines the antidepressant activity of various plant-based extracts through preclinical investigations and explores the underlying mechanisms of action. Our review systematically analyzes the literature, encompassing a wide range of plants. We present evidence from pre-clinical and clinical studies, highlighting the behavioural and neurochemical changes induced by these plant-derived compounds. Further-more, we delve into the potential mechanisms of action, encompassing modulation of neuro-transmitters, anti-inflammatory effects, neurogenesis promotion, and antioxidant properties. The reviewed studies suggest that numerous plants possess promising antidepressant proper-ties, potentially offering novel therapeutic avenues. However, the variability in methodologies and the need for further clinical validation underscore the complexity of translating preclinical findings into effective treatments. This review serves as a valuable resource for researchers and clinicians alike, shedding light on the current state of knowledge regarding plants with an-tidepressant potential and their underlying mechanisms of action, paving the way for future investigations and therapeutic developments in the field of depression management.
MCDM Method for Managing the Water Resources Based on Possibility Theory under Bipolar Fuzzy Environment
Authors: Garai Totan , Biswas George , Santra Uttaran , Giri Sourav Kumar
Published: October 2024

Background:

Uncertainty is a common factor in every real-life decision-making problem. Possibility theory is one uncertainty theory in Fuzzy sets (FS). The possibility-based decision-making under a fuzzy environment is a significant multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method.

Methods:

A bipolar FS is an extension of a fuzzy set. With the bipolarity concept, we can handle both positive and negative thoughts. In this study, we have provided a possibility mean of a bipolar fuzzy number. We have developed a ranking method for bipolar fuzzy numbers using this pos-sibility concept. A novel possibility MCDM method is suggested for solving the water resources management (WRM) in the Nagpur area, Maharashtra State, India.

Results:

The MCDM technique is an effective tool for solving WRM problems in an area. Many uncertainties and bipolarities occur together in Nagpur water resources. WRM technique with fuzzy is one approach that can be used to solve the area's water problem. We have used the pro-posed MCDM to address the water-related issues of this district. With this proposed MCDM method, numerically, we employed water resource problems under a bipolar fuzzy environ-ment.

Conclusion:

The Nagpur area is covered by Basaltic rock and faces water shortage. The district is experiencing severe water shortages. Groundwater, surface water, and rainfall are three water resources considered as alternatives. According to the proposed MCDM technique in Nagpur district, Groundwater is the best water source from three flanks: quality of water, affordability, and availability.
Os cardeais de Portugal e o século XV: famílias, redes sociais e relações lusopontifícias. Uma proposta de doutoramento
Authors: Rodrigues André
Published: October 2024

This article presents the historiographical context, the problematic and methodological bases of our PhD thesis, which will address the topic of the cardinals of fifteenthcentury Portugal, their social networks and cardinalice familiae, and their role in the relationship between the Portuguese political community and the Papacy.
Crónica Breve do Arquivo Nacional: os livros de inquirições e a historiografia do século XV
Authors: Fontão Diana
Published: October 2024

Presentation of the master's thesis project dedicated to the study of the Crónica Breve do Arquivo Nacional. It addresses the organizational structure of the dissertation, which aims to provide a multidisciplinary approach to the object of study. Therefore, by separately analyzing the medium in which the chronicle is recorded, as well as the discursive tradition in which it is inserted, and the sources used in the composition, it is possible to understand the context in which its writing takes place. Finally, it also examines the reception that the Crónica Breve do Arquivo Nacional had in the modern era through its three known testimonies.
Synthesizing and Performance Testing of Zn Promoted Ni Catalyst With γ-Al2O3 Support in The Process of Hydrotreating Used Cooking Oil into Green Diesel
Authors: Kopli Faizal Zul , Fadel Kurnia Artha  , Ismeini Ismeini , Erlinawati Erlinawati , Ramandani Adityas Agung , Efendi Dimas Amirul Mukminin Nur
Published: October 2024

Green diesel was a mixture of straight-chain and branched-chain alkanes, typically mostly 15 to 18 carbon atoms per molecule (C15 to C18) extracted from the hydrotreating process of vegetable oils. In this study, a catalyst of Nickel (Ni) promoted Zinc (Zn) supported by Alumina (Al2O3) was used. The catalyst was made by varying the use of and without the Zn promoter in the catalyst. Catalyst tested for Scanning Electron Microscope characterization. For the 60Ni/Al2O3 catalyst, the total area was 51,575.51 m2/gr, while for the 15Ni-45Zn/Al2O3 catalyst, the total area was 20.577,55 m2/gr. Furthermore, a performance test of the catalyst was also carried out using a green diesel reactor with a temperature of 400°C and a pressure of 20 bar, the percentage yield on the 60Ni/Al2O3 catalyst was 25.73% while the 30Ni-30Zn/Al2O3 catalyst was 23.60%. The 60Ni/Al2O3 catalyst has the following properties: physical properties such as density, viscosity, flash point, cetane number, and acid number of 765.17 ± 0.249 kg/m3, 3.55 ± 0.076 mm2/s, 60.73 ± 0.170°C, 88.10 ± 0.648 CN, and 0.33 ± 0.76 mgKOH/g, respectively. The 15Ni-45Zn/Al2O3 catalyst has the following properties: physical properties such as density of 766.77 ± 0.679 kg/m3, viscosity of 66.13 ± 0.249 mm2/s, flash point of 2.92 ± 0.011°C, cetane number of 82.33 ± 0.386, and acid number of 82.33 ± 0.386 mgKOH/g.
Entre a impossibilidade de nomear e a arte da sugestão. O dito e o não-dito no conto “A China fica ao lado” de Maria Ondina Braga
Authors: Almeida Andreia
Published: October 2024

No conto “A China fica ao lado”, publicado em 1968, Maria Ondina Braga narra a história de uma mulher anónima, exilada, que procura um médico para realizar um aborto. A narrativa incide sobre uma prática proibida tanto em Macau, onde se passa a história, como em Portugal, até 2007. Neste ensaio, interessa-nos analisar a forma como este tema é abordado pela autora. É feita uma análise das estratégias utilizadas pela autora para narrar um acontecimento traumático na vida de uma mulher, sem o nomear, recorrendo ao que Regina Louro chamou a ‘arte da sugestão’. Reflete-se e criam-se hipóteses explicativas para a escolha da autora de usar as estratégias identificadas como forma de narrar. Para concluir, recorre-se à crítica feminista para questionar se a arte de narrar da autora, que se manteve para lá do 25 de Abril de 1974, contribui para a invisibilidade das mulheres, das suas vivências e violências que sofrem, ou se, pelo contrário, constitui uma forma de dar visibilidade a essas situações.
O candombe uruguaio na guitarra clássica: dois contextos camerísticos
Authors: Wolff Daniel
Published: October 2024

O presente trabalho aborda o ritmo do candombe e sua presença no repertório da guitarra clássica. O candombe, originalmente executado apenas por tambores, desenvolveu-se sobretudo em meio à população uruguaia de origem africana. Após apresentar de forma concisa a evolução histórica do candombe, levantaremos detalhes sobre os instrumentos utilizados e sua forma de execução. A seguir, discutiremos o uso do candombe no repertório da guitarra clássica, incluindo um enfoque analítico sobre obras de câmara do presente autor em dois contextos distintos: música instrumental e canções.
A música de câmara nos fundos galegos do século XIX para guitarra/viola/violão
Authors: Rei Samartim Isabel
Published: October 2024

A descoberta e apresentação pública dos fundos guitarrísticos galegos realizada na tese intitulada A Guitarra na Galiza (Rei Samartim, 2020) permitiu ampliar o repertório da música de câmara galega com guitarra/viola/violão durante o século XIX. Em muitos dos fundos de partituras estudados há música de câmara para diversos conjuntos de instrumentos onde a guitarra tem um espaço próprio. Estas obras foram já catalogadas e localizadas de modo que ficaram disponíveis para serem recuperadas na prática atual de música. Cada um dos fundos galegos do século XIX tem umas características específicas que também se refletem na música de câmara. Os fundos analisados neste artigo são os conservados no Museu da Ponte Vedra (Caderno do Francês e Fundo Javier Pintos Fonseca), o Arquivo Canuto Berea e o Fundo Adalid da Corunha, o Fundo Valladares da Estrada e o Fundo Local de Música de Rianjo.
A lengalenga na iniciação à guitarra
Authors: Ivanović Dejan
Published: October 2024

O presente artigo apresenta como proposta o uso da lengalenga e das suas formas distintas como prática pedagógica no início do estudo de guitarra. A mencionada estratégia está ligada diretamente ao conceito de familiaridade no processo de aprendizagem do instrumento e da música por parte de crianças entre sete e onze anos. É analisado o trabalho de diversos autores portugueses sobre os benefícios da lengalenga e da sua aplicação na Educação, particularmente no Ensino de Música. Posteriormente, o trabalho estabelece uma ponte entre a abordagem do pensamento musical de Edwin Gordon com a familiaridade, passando para o uso da lengalenga no ensino de guitarra e focando-se, particularmente, no estudo da secção inicial do livro Coletânea de Composições para Guitarra (1973) de Vjekoslav Andreé (1935–2002), o manual de caráter quase obrigatório para a pedagogia de guitarra nos países de antiga Jugoslávia nos anos 70-80 do século passado. É analisada a introdução da lengalenga tradicional no estudo inicial de guitarra e apontados os elementos de síntese.
Mobile-enhanced virtual exchanges through asynchronous video interaction: Learners as ethnographers in the L2 classroom to promote intercultural communicative competence
Authors: Pérez-Núñez Antonio
Published: October 2024

This practice report focuses on the integration of virtual exchange (VE) with mobileassisted language learning (MALL), where learners act as ethnographers within the context of language education. This VE model harnesses mobile technology capabilities to exchange personal and immersive cultural insights through asynchronous video content using Flip.com. The model consists of three integrated sections: Preparation, Intercultural Exchange, and Reflection. This report covers a pilot implementation of the mobile-enhanced VE model to evaluate the outcomes on Intercultural Communicative Competence (ICC). The project lasted eight weeks, covering various topics, such as greetings, food, and education. Participants were L2 learners of Spanish in the United States and L1 Spanish speakers in Spain. Outcomes were evaluated through a survey where students in the United States self-assessed their perceived ICC gains. This survey, grounded in Byram’s (2009) ICC model, measured changes in students’ attitudes, knowledge, skills of interpreting and relating, skills of interaction, and critical cultural awareness. Students reported substantial improvements in all areas of ICC, highlighting enhanced engagement and understanding of the target culture facilitated by the mobileenhanced VE model. This report provides insights for the incorporation of mobile technology for VE projects in L2 settings, emphasizing its role in expanding global interconnectedness and deepening intercultural learning among learners by offering a more dynamic, authentic, and immersive learning experience.
Análisis taxonómico del género Stevia (Asteraceae, Eupatorieae) en Arequipa, Perú
Authors: Bedoya-Cuno Maricruz , Dillon Michael O. , Quipuscoa-Silvestre Victor
Published: October 2024

Antecedentes y Objetivos: Perú alberga 24 especies de Stevia (Eupatorieae, Asteraceae) distribuidas desde la costa (formaciones de lomas) hasta regiones montañosas a 3800 m s.n.m. Es considerado un género complejo debido a la variabilidad de sus caracteres morfológicos, que dificultan la delimitación de especies. El objetivo de este estudio fue hacer el análisis taxonómico y morfológico de las especies de Stevia presentes en Arequipa, Perú.
Métodos: Se realizaron colectas botánicas en Arequipa en 2020-2022. Para la identificación de especies y registros de ocurrencias se consultaron trabajos taxonómicos del género para Perú, ejemplares de herbarios y revisión de páginas web, como JSTOR Global Plants. Se elaboró un mapa de presencias con QGIS.
Resultados clave: En Arequipa se reportan cinco especies de Stevia: S. cuzcoensis, S. hoppii, S. melissifolia, S. herrerae y S. weberbaueri; estas dos últimas son nuevos registros para la región. Se designaron lectotipo e isolectotipos para S. melissifolia; además, se elaboraron una clave de identificación y descripciones para cada especie.
Conclusiones: Los caracteres taxonómicos más importantes para la delimitación morfológica de las especies del género Stevia en Arequipa incluyen el tipo y la distribución de los tricomas, las dimensiones de las hojas y la longitud de los pedúnculos de los capítulos. Este análisis no solo contribuye al conocimiento de la biodiversidad de la región, sino que también proporciona las bases para futuros estudios moleculares y filogenéticos.
AI and memes: Across the boundaries
Authors: Jo Minhyung , Burnett Gary
Published: October 2024

Memes have become one of the most popular cultures encapsulated by digital artifacts across digital spaces of all kinds. Users can create memes by themselves but can also use online services or tools. Among these, AI tools are popularly used because they can quickly generate creative memes by exploring vast stores of preexisting resources. Depending on the configurations of their algorithms and storehouses of resources, different AI meme generators can create different memes with the same prompt; further, the same generator can create different memes at different times with the same prompt. In addition, AI-generated memes may include controversial content through images and captions or other components, unanticipated by the writer of the prompt. In this study, we will examine several AI meme generators by creating memes using identical prompts and a series of prompts and compare the outputs, with a focus on cross-world ethical issues through the theoretical lens of information domains (Burnett, 2015; Burnett & Burnett, 2019). The results will provide insights into learning, meme generation, and ethical issues related to the use of AI tools.