bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Genome-wide identification, characterization, and functional analysis of lncRNAs in Hevea brasiliensis
Authors: Wang Lingling , Wang Jingyi , Chen Hui , Hu Bin
Published: October 2022

Natural rubber (NR) is an essential industrial raw material widely used in our life. Hevea brasiliensis (Reyan7-33-97) is an economic plant producing natural rubber. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as crucial regulators in numerous biological processes while the characterization and analysis of lncRNAs in Hevea brasiliensis are still largely unrevealed. We integrated the transcriptome datasets from multiple tissues to identify rubber lncRNAs. As a result, 12,029 lncRNAs were found and characterized with notably distinctive features such as longer exon, lower expression levels and GC content, and more tissue specificity in comparison with mRNAs. We discovered thousands of tissue-specific lncRNAs in rubber root, latex, bark, leaf, flower, and seed tissues. The functional enrichment result reveals that tissue-specific lncRNAs are potentially referred to particular functions of tissues, while the non-tissue specific is related to the translation and metabolic processes. In the present study, a comprehensive lncRNA dataset was identified and its functional profile in Hevea brasiliensis was explored, which provides an annotation resource and important clues to understand the biological functions of lncRNAs in Hevea brasiliensis.
Plastome phylogenomics and biogeography of the subfam. Polygonoideae (Polygonaceae)
Authors: Zhang Huajie , Zhang Xu , Sun Yanxia , Landis Jacob B. , Li Lijuan , Hu Guangwan , Sun Jiao , Tiamiyu Bashir B. , Kuang Tianhui , Deng Tao , Sun Hang , Wang Hengchang
Published: October 2022

Polygonaceae has a complex taxonomic history, although a few studies using plastid or nuclear DNA fragments have explored relationships within this family, intrafamilial relationships remain controversial. Here, we newly sequenced and annotated 17 plastomes representing 12 genera within Polygonaceae. Combined with previously published data, a total of 49 plastomes representing 22/46 Polygonaceae genera and 16/20 Polygonoideae genera were collected to infer the phylogeny of Polygonaceae, with an emphasis on Polygonoideae. Plastome comparisons revealed high conservation within Polygonoideae in structure and gene order. Phylogenetic analyses using both Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian methods revealed two major clades and seven tribes within Polygonoideae. BEAST and S-DIVA analyses suggested a Paleocene origin of Polygonoideae in Asia. While most genera of Polygonoideae originated and further diversified in Asia, a few genera experienced multiple long-distance dispersal events from Eurasia to North America after the Miocene, with a few dispersal events to the Southern Hemisphere also being detected. Both ancient vicariance and long-distance events have played important roles in shaping the current distribution pattern of Polygonoideae.
Conserved pigment pathways underpin the dark insectiform floral structures of sexually deceptive Chiloglottis (Orchidaceae)
Authors: Wong Darren C. J. , Perkins James , Peakall Rod
Published: October 2022

Sexually deceptive plants achieve pollination by enticing specific male insects as pollinators using a combination of olfactory, visual, and morphological mimicry. The sexually deceptive orchid genusChiloglottisis comprised of some 30 species with predominantly dull green-red flowers except for the dark insectiform calli/callus structure from the labellum lamina. This unique structure mimics the female of the pollinator and potentially enhances the visibility of the mimic. However, the chemical and genetic basis for the color of these structures remains poorly understood across the genus. The goal of this study was to investigate the flower color biochemistry and patterns of gene expression across the anthocyanin and flavonol glycoside biosynthetic pathway within the calli structures across the three distinct clades ofChiloglottis(Formicifera, Reflexa, and Valida) using chemical and transcriptome analysis. Our phylogenomic analysis confirmed the close sister relationship between the Reflexa/Formicifera clades and reaffirms the basal position of the Valida clade. Additionally, the biochemical basis of the dark calli/callus structures is conserved across the genus. Nonetheless, the proportion of methoxylated anthocyanin and flavonol glycoside derivatives and the mean gene expression levels appear to differentiate the Reflexa and Formicifera clades from the Valida clade. In future studies, it will be of interest to tease apart the role of phylogeny, environment, pollinators, and other factors as potential drivers of the observed biochemistry and gene expression differences. It will also be important to characterize the function of candidate genes such asDFR,LDOX,andFLSin this fascinating case of flower color mimicry.
Phytotoxicity and allelopathic potential of Juglans regia L. leaf extract
Authors: Đorđević Tijana , Đurović-Pejčev Rada , Stevanović Marija , Sarić-Krsmanović Marija , Radivojević Ljiljana , Šantrić Ljiljana , Gajić-Umiljendić Jelena
Published: October 2022

Implementation of plant extracts that are rich in phytochemicals and have the allelopathic potential for weed management could help reduce the use of chemical herbicides. The present study investigated the herbicidal potential of walnut (Juglans regiaL.) leaf extract (WLE) against two weeds,Amaranthus retroflexusL. andChenopodium albumL., by testingin vitrotheir seed germination and seedling growth, and then evaluatedin vivothe oxidative stress of potted plants. The effects of the walnut leaf extract were also tested on maize (Zea maysL.) to eliminate possible negative impacts on a cultivated plant. Total phenolic acids and total flavonoid content in the extract were determined in prior bioassays, followed by separation and analysis of flavonoids and phenolic acids by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Phytochemical analysis revealed that the obtained extract was notably rich in phenolic compounds, while HPLC analysis confirmed the presence of (+)-catechin, luteolin, myricetin, rutin, (–)-epicatechin, genistin, protocatechuic acid, and caffeic acid as major extract components. The results obtained in bioassays revealed a significant negative impact of the walnut leaf extract on germination and seedling growth of the tested weeds, as well as significant oxidative stress in weeds grown in pots. Although it affected the maize seedling growthin vitrosimilar to the tested weeds, maize germination was less sensitive to treatment, and the extract did not have a significant negative impact in terms of oxidative stress in maize plants grown in pots. The findings show that walnut leaf extract may have a promising role in replacing chemical herbicides in maize.
Differences and related physiological mechanisms in effects of ammonium on the invasive plant Xanthium strumarium and its native congener X. sibiricum
Authors: Zhang Zheng , Zhang Chang , Zhang Chun-Sha , Wang Wei-Bin , Feng Yu-Long
Published: October 2022

Few studies explore the effects of nitrogen forms on exotic plant invasions, and all of them are conducted from the perspective of nitrogen form utilization without considering the effects of ammonium toxicity. The invasive plant Xanthium strumarium prefers to use nitrate, while its native congener X. sibiricum prefers to use ammonium, and the invader is more sensitive to high ammonium based on our preliminary observations. To further reveal the effects of nitrogen forms on invasiveness of X. strumarium, we studied the difference and related physiological mechanisms in sensitivity to ammonium between these species. With increasing ammonium, total biomass, root to shoot ratio and leaf chlorophyll content of X. strumarium decreased, showing ammonium toxicity. For X. sibiricum, however, ammonium toxicity did not occurr. With increasing ammonium, ammonium concentration increased in leaves and roots of X. strumarium, which is associated with the decreased activities of glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase and the increased ammonium uptake; and consequently the contents of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde also increased, which is associated with the decreased contents of reduced glutathione and ascorbic acid. By contrast, the abilities of ammonium assimilation and antioxidation of X. sibiricum were less affected by the increase of ammonium, and the contents of ammonium nitrogen, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde in leaves and roots were significantly lower than those in X. strumarium. Our results indicate that ammonium accumulation and oxidative damage may be the physiological mechanisms for the ammonium toxicity of X. strumarium, providing a possible explanation that it generally invades nitrate-dominated and disturbed habitats and a theoretical basis for future studies on the control of invasive plants by regulating soil nitrogen.
The influence of moral identity on green consumption
Authors: Li Dalin , Cheng Guo , Wang Chunya
Published: October 2022

Existing studies show that moral identity promotes green consumption, but its influence mechanism and boundary conditions remain unidentified. However, moral identity includes internalization and symbolization, which affect green consumption in different ways. Advertising goal framing also has an impact on green consumption. Existing studies often focus on moral identity internalization but neglect the role of moral identity symbolization and fail to fully consider the interaction, mechanism, and boundary conditions between moral identity and advertising goal framing. This study assumes that advertising goal framing includes both intrinsic and extrinsic goals. We attempt to verify the combined influence of internalization and symbolization of moral identity, advertising goal framing, and moral awareness on green purchasing intention. Through two experiments, we found that: (1) the internalization and symbolization of moral identity can promote consumers’ green purchasing intention; (2) consumers with high internalization of moral identity have more positive responses to intrinsic goal advertising; (3) moral awareness can enhance the combined influence of moral identity internalization and intrinsic goal advertising on consumers’ green purchasing intention; and (4) self-consistency and social approval mediate the combined impact of moral identity and advertising goal framing on consumers’ green purchasing intention. This study enriches the literature on the influence of moral identity on green consumption. Businesses can also draw on these findings to improve the effectiveness of green marketing.
Does relational capital matter to food and beverage SMEs’ resilience? The mediating role of environmental scanning
Authors: YahiaMarzouk Yasmine , Jin Jiafei
Published: October 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic’s characteristics, including how quickly it spread, and the emergence of new virus variations, raise serious questions about the pandemic’s potential repercussions and complications in the food and beverage industry, among other industries. The global COVID-19 pandemic highlights the pressing need to reconsider how we manufacture and market food and beverage goods. During the epidemic, SMEs must build organizational resilience (OR) in order to recover economically, socially, and communally. Relational capital (RC) is a crucial factor that can be deployed by SMEs to acquire the resources existing in the external networks to adapt to disturbances; however, the impact of RC on the resilience of Egyptian food and beverage SMEs is under-examined. Additionally, it is unclear how RC promotes organizational resilience. In this regard, we argue that social interactions and regular communication can let an SME and its business partners exchange information and best practices, thereby enabling it to immediately establish backup plans to deal with the disruption. In order to achieve our aim, we investigated how relational capital affected organizational resilience both directly and indirectly through environmental scanning, utilizing partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS–SEM).The results from 217 Egyptian food and beverage SMEs demonstrate that relational capital directly and positively affected organizational resilience. Besides, the RC–OR relationship is partially mediated by environmental scanning. Our current study, therefore, adds to the extant literature through being one of the few studies to address the topics of relational capital and resilience altogether during crisis times within a developing country, an issue that has not been sufficiently investigated in exiting literature. Moreover, our current study is the first one to empirically investigate the role of relational capital in facilitating environmental scanning activities of SMEs to ultimately foster their resilience. Our results, thus, prove that a large amount of information relevant for recovery are inherent within an SME’s external relations network. We provide implications for theory and practice.
The psycho-lexical structure of sports culture
Authors: Guo Yuanbing , Ye Na , Hong Xiaobin , Wang Wenjing
Published: October 2022

The psycho-lexical approach can be effectively used to explore the structure of sports culture. Based on a lexical list of adjective vocabulary reflecting sports culture and through an item analysis, 87 discriminating objectives were selected representing sports culture.

Objective

To explore the structure of sports culture from the objectives lexicons.

Methods

Item analysis and factor analysis were adopted to abstract the structure of sports culture.

Results

Through a principal component analysis, a structure of six factors including extroversion-activity, diligence-progression, experience, independence-excellence, enjoyment, and body culture was extracted. Through a second-order factor analysis, a psychological structure of sports culture consisting of six dimensions and 12 factors was extracted, and result of the reliability analysis revealed good Cronbach α coefficient and test–retest reliability coefficient.

Conclusion

The psycho-lexical structure of sports culture can be used to understand structure of sports culture.
Motivators and barriers to COVID-19 vaccination of healthcare workers in Latvia
Authors: Lielsvagere-Endele Sintija , Kolesnikova Jelena , Puzanova Elina , Timofejeva Svetlana , Millere Inga
Published: October 2022

This study aims to identify motivators and barriers regarding Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination among Latvian healthcare workers (HCWs). Data were collected from March to May 2021 using an online survey. Overall, 1,444 participants took part in the study. From this pool of respondents, 528 indicated motivating factors in favor of the COVID-19 vaccination (86.5% were women; aged between 20 and 75 years), while 198 mentioned barriers against the COVID-19 vaccination (92.9% were women; aged between 19 and 68 years). The thematic analysis was conducted on two open-ended questions. The main motivators reported for COVID-19 vaccination were belief in the effectiveness of the vaccine, benefits of easing COVID-19 restrictions, responsibility, and restriction or pressure in case of non-vaccination. The main barriers reported regarding the COVID-19 vaccination were concerns about the effectiveness and safety of vaccines, perceived health risks of vaccination, risk perception toward COVID-19, misinformation about COVID-19 vaccines, belief that vaccination is being imposed, and belief in the conspiracy theories surrounding COVID-19. The results of this study help identify the existing motivating and hindering factors for COVID-19 vaccination among HCWs in Latvia. These results can be used to promote vaccination in HCW, develop information campaigns, and alleviate concerns of HCW.
The cultural sustainability in English as foreign language textbooks: Investigating the cultural representations in English language textbooks in China for senior middle school students
Authors: Lu Jun , Liu Yanhong , An Lin , Zhang Ying
Published: October 2022

In the age of globalization, studies of cultural representations in foreign language textbooks take account of cultural sustainability. This article reports on a case study of cultural representations in two English language textbook series that are widely used in senior high schools in China. The study investigated whether the cultural representations in these textbooks contribute to the development of local cultural sustainability. Content analysis was employed to examine the texts used in these textbooks, with references to the synergy of the theoretical frameworks of cultural sustainability and world Englishes. The study results indicate that there is an imbalanced cultural representation with respect to the categories of international cultures and national culture in these textbooks. The results point to the cultures of the inner circle countries (BANA: Britain, Australasia, and North America) being predominant, while the representation of Chinese culture has a low profile. As these textbooks are an important learning and teaching resource in China, they have the potential to play a significant role in influencing learners’ worldviews as they develop their understanding of different cultures. The imbalanced presentation of culture may in turn lead to a biased worldview where learners, rather appreciating cultural diversity, may instead discriminate against certain cultures. The implications for redressing the imbalance in cultural representation and cultural sustainability are discussed.
Intent disclosure in late-life suicide: Age group differences in correlates and associations with suicide means
Authors: Choi Namkee G. , Marti C. Nathan
Published: October 2022

Age-adjusted suicide rates declined from 2018 to 2020. However, suicide rates among older adults, particularly males 75 and older, have continued to rise, and the evidence base for effective interventions to prevent suicide in late life remains limited. One strategy to prevent older adults’ suicidal behavior is to intervene when they reveal suicide intent. Previous research found that a significant proportion of older suicide decedents disclosed their suicide intent close to the fatal incident. In this study, based on the 2017–2019 United States National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) data, we examined: (1) correlates of intent disclosure among three age groups (65–74, 75–84, and 85+) of older suicide decedents (N = 17,917; 14,856 men and 3,061 women); and (2) associations of suicide means with intent disclosure and suicide contributing factors. The results show that 19.9% of all suicide decedents aged 65+ (18.7%, 21.0%, and 22.0% in the 65–74, 75–84, and 85+ age groups, respectively) disclosed their suicide intent to their partner, family/friends, and healthcare providers within a month of their death. Multivariable analyses using generalized linear models for a Poisson distribution with a log link showed that physical and mental health, substance misuse, addiction problems, and relationship/other life stressors were associated with a higher likelihood of intent disclosure in the 65–74 and 75–84 age groups. However, only physical health problems were associated with a higher likelihood of intent disclosure among those aged 85 and older. Intent disclosure was not associated with using firearms and poisoning as suicide means but with a lower likelihood of hanging or suffocation. Mental health and substance misuse problems were associated with higher odds of hanging or suffocation and poisoning, and physical health problems and male sex in the 85+ age group were associated with higher odds of firearm use. Suicide prevention strategies for those who have disclosed their suicide intent or are at risk of suicidal behavior should include more patient-centered comfort and palliative care, mental health/substance misuse/addiction treatment, and restriction of access to potential suicide means. More research on older adults who disclose suicide intent and late-life suicide prevention strategies is needed.
Comparing coronavirus (COVID-19) and climate change perceptions: Implications for support for individual and collective-level policies
Authors: Poortinga Wouter , Latter Briony , Wang Susie
Published: October 2022

COVID-19 (coronavirus) and climate change are both global issues that have wide-reaching and serious consequences for human health, the economy, and social outcomes for populations around the world, and both require a combination of systemic governmental policies and community support for action. This paper compares people’s responses to the coronavirus pandemic and climate change in the United Kingdom (UK). A representative survey of the UK population (n = 1,518) conducted in November and December 2020 explored public perceptions of (a) personal and government responsibility, (b) efficacy and trust, and (c) support for policies to address the two issues. The results show that, while there are a number of similarities between coronavirus and climate change, major differences exist regarding individual action. In comparison to the coronavirus pandemic, people feel less personal responsibility, think that their own personal actions are less efficacious, and express lower levels of support for (in particular individual-level) policies to address climate change. These findings suggest that experiences from the coronavirus pandemic cannot directly be translated to climate change, and thus that climate change is likely to require different policy responses and framing.
The nexus between digital finance and carbon emissions: Evidence from China
Authors: Cai Xuesen , Song Xiaowei
Published: October 2022

Finance is significant support for the low-carbon transformation of the real economy, in which digital finance as a new direction of financial development exerts a significant influence on carbon emissions. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate the association between digital finance and carbon emissions in order to develop carbon reduction strategies from the financial side. For this purpose, using the sample set covering 30 provincial areas during 2011–2020, this paper investigates the direct, indirect, and non-linear effects of digital finance on carbon emissions by applying fixed effects, mediating effects, and threshold effects analysis techniques. The results indicate that: (1) digital finance can significantly mitigate carbon emissions at the national level. (2) Digital finance inhibits carbon emissions as it drives green technological innovation and industrial structure upgrading. (3) Significant regional heterogeneity is observed in the effect of digital finance on carbon emissions, i.e., the effects of digital finance on carbon emissions are higher in the east-central region than in the overall sample, while the opposite is true in the western region. (4) The dampening effect on carbon emissions steadily increases as digital finance levels cross the first and second thresholds, respectively. Based on the above considerations, policymakers shall not only develop differentiated digital finance initiatives, but shall also fully unleash carbon emission reduction potential by rationalizing and optimizing industrial layout and strengthening financial subsidies for green technology innovation.
Shame and guilt in the suicidality related to traumatic events: A systematic literature review
Authors: Ollivier Flavie , Soubelet Andréa , Duhem Stéphane , Thümmler Susanne
Published: October 2022

Background

Shame and guilt are involved in suicidality and in post-traumatic stress disorder. However, few studies have explored the implication of those emotions in the suicidality of patients exposed to traumatic events.

Objective

The objective of this literature review was to examine the implication of shame and guilt in the suicidality of individuals who have experienced potentially traumatic events or been diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder. These two emotions are part of post-traumatic stress disorder and suicidality. Moreover, when individuals perceive that their coping strategies are inadequate, they may view suicide as a relief from suffering.

Method

This review was conducted according to PRISMA method. We used combinations of search words for traumatization, suicide ideation and behavior and shame and guilt to search for empirical studies in common databases in psychology and medicine.

Results

Among 137 identified articles, 9 full texts were retained. Results suggest that shame and guilt were involved in all aspects of suicidality in patients who had experienced traumatic events or been diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder. The degree of shame and guilt differed with the type of traumatic event, notably affecting individuals who had experienced military combat, physical or sexual abuse, or emotional or physical neglect.

Conclusion

Shame and guilt are implicated in suicide's risk. Future research is now needed to determine whether greater attention to these two emotions would enhance our understanding and anticipation of suicidal behavior in those who have experienced a potentially traumatic event or been diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder.
Guiding the design of SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance by estimating the resolution of outbreak detection
Authors: Suster Carl J. E. , Arnott Alicia , Blackwell Grace , Gall Mailie , Draper Jenny , Martinez Elena , Drew Alexander P. , Rockett Rebecca J. , Chen Sharon C.-A. , Kok Jen , Dwyer Dominic E. , Sintchenko Vitali
Published: October 2022

Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 has been essential to inform public health response to outbreaks. The high incidence of infection has resulted in a smaller proportion of cases undergoing whole genome sequencing due to finite resources. We present a framework for estimating the impact of reduced depths of genomic surveillance on the resolution of outbreaks, based on a clustering approach using pairwise genetic and temporal distances. We apply the framework to simulated outbreak data to show that outbreaks are detected less frequently when fewer cases are subjected to whole genome sequencing. The impact of sequencing fewer cases depends on the size of the outbreaks, and on the genetic and temporal similarity of the index cases of the outbreaks. We also apply the framework to an outbreak of the SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant in New South Wales, Australia. We find that the detection of clusters in the outbreak would have been delayed if fewer cases had been sequenced. Existing recommendations for genomic surveillance estimate the minimum number of cases to sequence in order to detect and monitor new virus variants, assuming representative sampling of cases. Our method instead measures the resolution of clustering, which is important for genomic epidemiology, and accommodates sampling biases.
Desirable but not feasible: Measures and interventions to promote early childhood health and development in marginalized Roma communities in Slovakia
Authors: Filakovska Bobakova Daniela , Chovan Shoshana , Bosakova Lucia , Koky Richard , de Kroon Marlou L. A. , Dankulincova Veselska Zuzana
Published: October 2022

Roma are the largest and most disadvantaged ethnic minority in Europe often facing generational poverty, and limited access to education, employment, housing, and various types of services. Despite many international and national initiatives, children from marginalized Roma communities face multiple risks and are being disadvantaged as early as from conception onward. We, therefore, aimed to identify measures and/or interventions targeting equity in early childhood health and development in marginalized Roma communities which implementation is considered to be urgent but not feasible. We used a group concept mapping approach—a participatory mixed research method—and involved 40 experts and professionals from research, policy and practice. From 90 measures and interventions proposed to achieve early childhood equity for children from marginalized Roma communities, 23 measures were identified as urgent but not feasible. These concerned particularly measures and interventions targeting living conditions (including access to income, access to housing, and basic infrastructure for families) and public resources for instrumental support (covering mainly topics related to financial and institutional frameworks). Our results reflect the most pressing issues in the area of equality, inclusion and participation of Roma and expose barriers to implementation which are likely to arise from public and political discourses perpetrating a negative image of Roma, constructing them as less deserving. Measures to overcome persistent prejudices against Roma need to be implemented along with the measures targeting equity in early childhood health and development.
One vaccine to counter many diseases? Modeling the economics of oral polio vaccine against child mortality and COVID-19
Authors: Chang Angela Y. , Aaby Peter , Avidan Michael S. , Benn Christine S. , Bertozzi Stefano M. , Blatt Lawrence , Chumakov Konstantin , Khader Shabaana A. , Kottilil Shyam , Nekkar Madhav , Netea Mihai G. , Sparrow Annie , Jamison Dean T.
Published: October 2022

Introduction

Recent reviews summarize evidence that some vaccines have heterologous or non-specific effects (NSE), potentially offering protection against multiple pathogens. Numerous economic evaluations examine vaccines' pathogen-specific effects, but less than a handful focus on NSE. This paper addresses that gap by reporting economic evaluations of the NSE of oral polio vaccine (OPV) against under-five mortality and COVID-19.

Materials and methods

We studied two settings: (1) reducing child mortality in a high-mortality setting (Guinea-Bissau) and (2) preventing COVID-19 in India. In the former, the intervention involves three annual campaigns in which children receive OPV incremental to routine immunization. In the latter, a susceptible-exposed-infectious-recovered model was developed to estimate the population benefits of two scenarios, in which OPV would be co-administered alongside COVID-19 vaccines. Incremental cost-effectiveness and benefit-cost ratios were modeled for ranges of intervention effectiveness estimates to supplement the headline numbers and account for heterogeneity and uncertainty.

Results

For child mortality, headline cost-effectiveness was $650 per child death averted. For COVID-19, assuming OPV had 20% effectiveness, incremental cost per death averted was $23,000–65,000 if it were administered simultaneously with a COVID-19 vaccine <200 days into a wave of the epidemic. If the COVID-19 vaccine availability were delayed, the cost per averted death would decrease to $2600–6100. Estimated benefit-to-cost ratios vary but are consistently high.

Discussion

Economic evaluation suggests the potential of OPV to efficiently reduce child mortality in high mortality environments. Likewise, within a broad range of assumed effect sizes, OPV (or another vaccine with NSE) could play an economically attractive role against COVID-19 in countries facing COVID-19 vaccine delays.

Funding

The contribution by DTJ was supported through grants from Trond Mohn Foundation (BFS2019MT02) and Norad (RAF-18/0009) through the Bergen Center for Ethics and Priority Setting.
Self-assisted deterministic hyperentangled-Bell-state analysis for polarization and double longitudinal momentum degrees of freedom of photon system
Authors: Yu Chang-Qi , Zhang Zheng , Qi Ji , Ren Bao-Cang
Published: October 2022

Hyperentangled state analysis is an important module in high-capacity quantum communication. We present a self-assisted deterministic hyperentangled-Bell-state analysis (HBSA) scheme for photon system entangled in three degrees of freedom (DOFs), where 64 polarization-double longitudinal momentum hyperentangled Bell states are completely distinguished. In this HBSA scheme, the four first longitudinal momentum Bell states are distinguished determinately by nondestructive first longitudinal momentum Bell state analyzer, which is constructed with cross-Kerr nonlinearity medium. The 16 second longitudinal momentum-polarization hyperentangled Bell states are distinguished determinately by self-assisted second longitudinal momentum-polarization hyperentangled Bell state analyzer using linear optical elements, where the first longitudinal momentum Bell state and time-bin entangled state are used as auxiliary. Using this self-assisted method, the application of nonlinear optical resource in HBSA scheme has been largely reduced, which makes this self-assisted deterministic HBSA scheme has potential application prospects in high-capacity quantum communication.
On the Relative Importance of Visual and Spatial Audio Rendering on VR Immersion
Authors: Potter Thomas , Cvetković Zoran , De Sena Enzo
Published: October 2022

A study was performed using a virtual environment to investigate the relative importance of spatial audio fidelity and video resolution on perceived audio-visual quality and immersion. Subjects wore a head-mounted display and headphones and were presented with a virtual environment featuring music and speech stimuli using three levels each of spatial audio quality and video resolution. Spatial audio was rendered monaurally, binaurally with head-tracking, and binaurally with head-tracking and room acoustic rendering. Video was rendered at resolutions of 0.5 megapixels per eye, 1.5 megapixels per eye, and 2.5 megapixels per eye. Results showed that both video resolution and spatial audio rendering had a statistically significant effect on both immersion and audio-visual quality. Most strikingly, the results showed that under the conditions that were tested in the experiment, the addition of room acoustic rendering to head-tracked binaural audio had the same improvement on immersion as increasing the video resolution five-fold, from 0.5 megapixels per eye to 2.5 megapixels per eye.
Parents Want Kids to Succeed in Sports, and Communication is Key
Authors: Dorsch Travis E. , Fleming Daniel J. M. , Hardiman Amand L.
Published: October 2022

Parents of young athletes want their children to develop physically, grow as people, build relationships, and enjoy playing sports. Parents’ goals also change over time, based on how much their children like sports, how well they do, and the sports setting. In short, research shows that parents’ goals for their children change as the children themselves change. However, parents may not be the best at guessing what their children’s goals are. In fact, researchers have learned that parents often do not cheer for the things their children actually want. So, it is important that, as children grow up and have new goals (for example, “I used to just want to have fun with my friends, but now I really want to win!”), they communicate often with their parents about what they want to accomplish in sports. This will help parents support them and cheer for them while they pursue their goals!
Perceptions and experiences of young Black South African women with obesity from a low socioeconomic community after following a 12-week structured exercise intervention
Authors: Phiri Lindokuhle P. , Micklesfield Lisa K. , Mendham Amy E. , Goedecke Julia H. , de Villiers Anniza
Published: October 2022

Background

Previous research has shown that Black South African (SA) women perceive a bigger body size to be acceptable and desirable, but nonetheless have shown interest in participating in community-based exercise programmes. This study aimed to investigate perceptions and experiences of participating in a 12-week exercise intervention designed to study the mechanisms of insulin sensitivity and secretion in young Black SA women with obesity.

Methods

Qualitative data was collected from young (23 ± 2.9 years) Black SA women (n = 17) residing in a low-income setting in Cape Town, who took part in a 12-week structured exercise intervention. Focus group discussions (FGDs) and in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted 1–4 months after the completion of the intervention. These were all audio recorded and took between 45 and 60 min. The recordings were transcribed, translated and qualitative content analysis, entailing a systematic process of coding and identification of salient themes, was conducted using the ATLAS.ti software.

Results

Six broad themes were identified from participants' experiences and perceptions: motivational factors, acceptability of the programme, barriers, sustainability and influencing others, benefits of being physically active, definitions and perceptions of exercise. Anticipated weight loss and financial remuneration were identified as motivational factors for enrolment and retention in the exercise programme. Aspects of the training environment and feelings of wellness appeared in the acceptability, sustainability and benefits themes, whereas time scheduling and travel constraints were regarded as barriers. Exercise was perceived as the maintenance of a healthy body, and in some cases, only relevant for specific groups.

Conclusion

Financial considerations played an important role in participants enrolling and staying in the 12-week exercise intervention. Participants liked many aspects of the intervention and identified physical and mental benefits that seemingly outweighed the barriers and disliked aspects of the programme. Optimizing the acceptability of exercise programmes and maximizing the opportunity for participants to experience improved mental well-being may contribute to attracting and retaining young Black SA women in exercise programmes.
Case Report: A case of cervical spinal epidural abscess combined with cervical paravertebral soft tissue abscess
Authors: Cao Jun , Fang Jincheng , Shao Xuefei , Shen Jun , Jiang Xiaochun
Published: October 2022

Background

Spinal epidural abscess (SEA) is a rare purulent infection of the central nervous system. Abscesses confined to the spinal canal can compress the spinal cord, causing nerve damage and even death in severe cases (1). Prompt diagnosis and treatment can relieve symptoms and prevent complications. To increase awareness of this rare disease, we report a case of a 58-year-old man with a cervical spinal epidural abscess combined with a soft tissue abscess in the neck and describe its clinical course, imaging feature, pathology, treatment, and patient prognosis.

Case description

A 58-year-old male Chinese patient was admitted to our hospital because of neck pain for 2 months, which worsened for 4 days. On the third day of admission, the muscle strength of the limbs decreased, and MRI of the spinal cord showed abnormal signal shadows in the spinal canal at the C1-C7 level and in the surrounding soft tissue on the right side of spine, suggesting the possibility of inflammatory lesions with local abscess formation. We immediately performed decompression of the spinal canal on the patient and performed incision and drainage of the cervical abscess. During the operation, we found a large amount of pus in the epidural space of the spinal canal, and there was a fistula between the cervical abscess and the epidural abscess of the spinal canal. The patient underwent continuous drainage and anti-infective treatment with sensitive antibiotics after operation. No recurrence of the abscess was observed and the patient recovered well.

Conclusion

Early diagnosis is the key to the treatment of SEA, so radiologists and neurosurgeons need to strengthen their understanding of this rare disease to avoid misdiagnosis. For SEA with definite diagnosis, decompression surgery should be performed in a timely manner when symptoms of nerve compression occur, continuous drainage should be performed after surgery, and sensitive antibiotics should be used for anti-infective treatment.
Central Adiposity Indicators Maintain a Stronger Association With the Risk of Hypertension: A Prospective Cohort Study in Southwest China
Authors: Liu Tao , Wang Yawen , Gao Ningxin , Zhou Jie , Wang Yiying , Fu Chaowei , Xu Kelin
Published: October 2022

Objectives:Studies have linked obesity to an increased risk of hypertension, but the optimal adiposity indicators to predict hypertension remains controversial. We comprehensively explored the correlation between body mass index, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), long-term weight and WC change, and hypertension in an adult population in Southwest China.

Methods:We studied 9,280 participants from 48 townships of 12 districts with a follow-up of 10 years in the Guizhou Population Health Cohort Study. We used Pearson’s correlation coefficients combined with Dunn and Clark’s z test and Zou’s confidence interval test, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses, and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regressions adjusting for demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, disease history, and lipid information of participants.

Results:Baseline central adiposity indicators (WC and WHtR) had closer associations with hypertension than BMI, and long-term WC change was more predictive of hypertension compared with weight change in the studied population.

Conclusion:Central adiposity indicators maintain a stronger association with the risk of hypertension, hinting at the importance of WC management in the precaution of hypertension.
Domestic culture in the context of global information confrontation
Authors:   Moscow University for the Humanities, Karpukhin Oleg Ivanovich
Published: October 2022

Despite the difference in cultures, systems, values, and lifestyles around the world, their dialogue is expanding. This law of "mutual attraction" of cultures can fully work thanks to the mechanisms of globalization and the latest information technologies. The author shows that the strategy of globalization is based on the "three pillars": the economy, universal cross-border information communications (mass communications), and culture. However, while the economy and communication links are easily involved in globalization processes, culture remains specific, embodying all the functions that it performs precisely in a certain sociocultural context. The materials of the article can be useful in the framework of training in the disciplines "Philosophy", "Political Science", and "Culturology".
Análisis del desmpeño estratégico en los restaurantes formales de la parroquia Crucita, Ecuador
Authors: Bravo Santana Verónica Piedad , Mendoza Cedeño Álvaro Danny , Acosta Gutiérrez Winston Xavier
Published: October 2022

Esta investigación analizó el desempeño estratégico de restaurantes formales de la Parroquia Crucita, enfocándose en una de las variables más sensibles del contexto empresarial: procurando visualizar su direccionamiento estratégico. En consecuencia, se empleó el método descriptivo al reconocer que la playa de Crucita posee una infraestructura de servicios que ha evolucionado en el tiempo. Con el apoyo de la metodología de campo al indagar su reconocida gastronomía, acompañada del servicio hotelero que ha venido fortaleciéndose actualmente, concluyendo que la presencia generada por el sector turístico es fundamental para el desarrollo local comunitario. Entre los resultados más relevantes se evidenció que los servicios ofertados actúan individualmente y dependen de temporadas altas para aumentar sus ingresos por ventas, generadores de escasas fuentes de trabajo, estrategias identificadas son aplicadas de manera empírica logrando obtener ventaja competitiva mínima entre ellos y su aporte de estrategias individuales logran generar valor agregado en sus negocios.
La rentabilidad de los hoteles italianos antes y durante la pandemia
Authors: Romeo Noemi , Migliaccio Guido
Published: October 2022

En Italia, el sector del turismo fue uno de los más afectados por Covid 19, a pesar del importante apoyo estatal. En 2020, se produjo un descenso de más del 50% en las reservas hoteleras, con una caída de los destinos de más del 80%. Aunque Italia es un país rico en atractivos artísticos y naturales, sigue siendo codiciada por los flujos de entrada, a pesar de la creciente competencia de nuevos destinos. El equilibrio económico-financiero de los hoteles se ha visto afectado. Este artículo está dedicado a un análisis detallado de la dinámica de los ingresos hoteleros, analizando la evolución decenal, tanto a nivel nacional como por macro zona, de dos índices (Roe y Roa) para una muestra significativa de empresas. Algunas elaboraciones estadísticas descriptivas apoyan el estudio cuantitativo, incluyendo las pruebas Anova y Tukey-Kramer. Los resultados muestran que la crisis pandémica ha reducido significativamente la rentabilidad. El documento contribuye al estudio de los efectos económicos y sociales de la pandemia y ofrece orientaciones a las autoridades públicas y a los agentes del sector, especialmente para tejer las estrategias de recuperación necesarias, con la esperanza de que la emergencia acabe pronto en todas partes.
Control patrimonial y administración de bienes muebles en gobiernos locales del Perú
Authors: Quispe Quispe Carlos Santiago , Romero Carazas Rafael , Guevara Ramirez Katherine , Vásquez Campos Salomón Axel
Published: October 2022

El objetivo del presente artículo fue determinar en qué medida se relaciona el control patrimonial y la administración de bienes muebles en gobiernos locales del Perú. A través del enfoque cuantitativo, de diseño no experimental, de corte transversal, y de nivel correlacional; se utilizó un cuestionario, cuyo índice de confiabilidad Alpha de Cronbach fue de 0,987, el mismo que fue aplicado a 60 servidores municipales. Los resultados fueron un coeficiente de correlación Rho de 0,975 y un P valor de 0.000. Se concluyó que existe una relación significativa y fuerte entre el control patrimonial y la administración de bienes muebles; lo que significa que cuanto mejor sea el control patrimonial, mejor será la administración de bienes muebles. Se recomienda revisar los controles patrimoniales a efectos de evidenciar una mejor administración de los mismos, con la finalidad de contribuir al desarrollo del país, a través del saneamiento de la propiedad estatal.
Effect of Solution-treated on Electrochemical Properties of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy Anode
Authors: Huang Zhiquan , Pei Yanjie , Huang Renyao , Gao Xiangyu , Zou Jinchao , Jiang Lianyun
Published: October 2022

The effect of solution-treated on the self-corrosion performance and discharge performance of AZ91 magnesium alloy as anode material was analyzed by microscopic characterization, immersion tests, electrochemical measurements, and discharge performance tests. The study shows that the β-phase in the AZ91 magnesium alloy gradually dissolved in the matrix with the increase of the solution temperature, and the electrochemical activity of the magnesium alloy anode was significantly improved. Through the comparison of three different solution-treated processes, it is found that the AZ91 magnesium alloy has the most vigorous activity and better discharge performance after solution-treated of 415°C+12 h. In addition, the proportion and distribution of β-phase AZ91 magnesium alloy have a direct impact on its discharge performance as an anode material.