bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Santé internationale
Authors: El Dardiry Shadia
Published: March 2021

Depuis les années 1990, la lutte contre le sida en Afrique a été associée avec la lutte contre les inégalités de genre qui rendent les femmes plus vulnérables à l’épidémie. Inévitablement, cette approche a imposé une image monolithique de l’homme africain dont les intérêts seraient strictement opposés à ceux de la femme. Jusqu’à quel point cette image de l’homme africain est-elle correcte ? Le texte suivant soutient qu’une telle image est non seulement erronée mais aussi nuisible à la lutte contre le sida. Dix ans après la campagne d’Onusida Men Make a Difference où en est-on dans la création de programmes qui tentent de réellement inclure, au lieu d’exclure, l’homme africain dans les efforts de lutte contre le sida ? L’étude des interrelations genre et sida s’est développée depuis les années 1990, faisant évoluer les présupposés simplistes et l’image de l’homme africain jusque-là caricaturé. Le manque de cohérence et de coordination entre les programmes de recherche, les ONG et les gouvernements nationaux continuent à nuire aux efforts de lutte contre l’épidémie.
Politiques publiques 3
Authors: Bourmaud Daniel
Published: March 2021

Résumé La politique africaine de Nicolas Sarkozy s’est explicitement voulue en rupture avec la politique africaine traditionnelle de la France. Rythmée par une parole volontariste qui culminera dans le fameux discours de Dakar, elle se matérialise essentiellement par l’irruption aux affaires africaines d’hommes connus pour leur hostilité aux pratiques de la Françafrique. La rupture annoncée viendra rapidement faire face à une double réalité : le fait que les relations entre la France et l’Afrique relèvent du registre classique des relations internationales et non d’une morale érigée en principe conducteur ; l’oubli que les bouleversements intervenus dans les relations franco-africaines depuis la fin de la guerre froide rendent obsolète l’idée même de rupture. Le président a ainsi échoué à redonner un sens à une politique africaine déjà erratique. Brouillonne, la politique sarkozyste s’est résumée à quelques coups d’éclat, confortant ainsi les doutes sur la cohérence d’une politique assimilable à bien des égards à une politique d’impuissance.
Politiques publiques 3
Authors: Jabko Nicolas , Massoc Elsa
Published: March 2021

Résumé Quelques mois après son élection à la présidence de la République en mai 2007, l’éclatement de la crise financière internationale la plus violente depuis 1929 mettait au défi Nicolas Sarkozy. Ce chapitre analyse la gestion de la crise bancaire de 2008 par le président français, ainsi que la position défendue par la France en matière de régulation financière à l’échelle nationale, européenne et internationale. Il montre que la cohérence de la politique de Nicolas Sarkozy en matière de finance ne doit pas se chercher dans la poursuite d’une quelconque rupture proclamée, qu’elle soit de nature « libérale » ou « interventionniste ». Des mécanismes oligarchiques d’interpénétration entre sphère publique et sphère privée dans le processus de décision, ainsi qu’une sensibilité forte des pouvoirs publics aux intérêts des grandes institutions financières nationales, fournissent de bien meilleures clés de compréhension des actions et positions françaises.
Les discriminations entre les femmes et les hommes
Authors: Fraser Nancy
Published: March 2021

Résumé Ce chapitre présente des réflexions sur les perspectives du féminisme dans le cadre de la crise actuelle du capitalisme néolibéral. Il se fonde sur les théories de Karl Polanyi, qui expliquait le processus historique de la crise par le conflit central entre deux axes – celui de la marchandisation et celui de la protection sociale. Mais Polanyi occultait les formes d’injustice qui ne reposent pas sur le marché et avait tendance à absoudre les formes de protection sociale qui sont des vecteurs de domination. Ce chapitre élargit les analyses du conflit entre marchandisation et protection sociale en intégrant un troisième axe, l’émancipation, par lequel passe tout conflit. L’introduction de ce tiers manquant a pour effet de transformer le double mouvement en un triple mouvement, qui forme le cœur d’une perspective quasi-polanyienne susceptible d’expliquer la crise du xxi e  siècle. Ce chapitre s’attache d’abord à construire cette nouvelle perspective puis l’utilise pour analyser les enjeux de l’émancipation de la hiérarchie de genre. Le triple mouvement ainsi constitué permet de surmonter les ambivalences du féminisme, dont les réflexions ont été souvent instrumentalisées par le néolibéralisme triomphant. La réappropriation d’une protection sociale définie par des objectifs démocratiques donc participatifs, non hiérarchiques donc non oppressifs, ouvre ainsi la voie à la définition d’une nouvelle politique féministe.
Les discriminations entre les femmes et les hommes
Authors: Dauphin Sandrine
Published: March 2021

Résumé L’objet de ce chapitre est, d’une part, de s’intéresser à la manière dont les politiques publiques façonnent les rapports de genre et, d’autre part, d’analyser comment l’action publique agit pour l’égalité. La réflexion repose sur une revue de la littérature existante. Quatre types de réflexion sont distingués. Les États-providence tendent à évoluer vers une nouvelle forme de maternalisme dans l’action publique, compatible avec l’encouragement au travail des femmes. La prise en compte du care (du moins de la prise en charge des personnes dépendantes) devient une préoccupation des pouvoirs publics ; toutefois, elle ne conduit ni à une valorisation des activités de care , ni à une volonté de changement du côté des hommes. On observe une tendance à l’intégration, jusqu’à la dilution, des préoccupations de l’égalité dans les politiques publiques, le principal enjeu étant désormais le maintien des acquis. Enfin, l’action publique est confrontée à la contradiction inhérente à la revendication de l’égalité des sexes qui est de passer tour à tour d’une stratégie basée sur la spécificité à une stratégie d’intégration dans un ensemble général.
La politique au fil de l'âge
Authors: Dejaeghere Yves , Hooghe Marc
Published: March 2021

Résumé Une enquête longitudinale a permis d’étudier l’évolution des attitudes sociales et politiques pendant l’adolescence. Plus de 4 000 jeunes Belges ont été interrogés, à l’âge de 16 ans en 2006 et de 18 ans en 2008, en utilisant le même questionnaire. Sur la plupart des indicateurs, leurs réponses montrent une surprenante stabilité au cours de la période. Néanmoins, les attitudes liées à l’ethnocentrisme ou envers l’homosexualité, mais aussi l’intérêt pour la politique, évoluent et connaissent des changements significatifs. Le projet scolaire futur exerce une influence déterminante sur les différentes attitudes étudiées. L’école a un impact indéniable qui s’exerce davantage par les apprentissages démocratiques liés à son fonctionnement quotidien qu’au travers des cours et de leurs contenus.
La politique au fil de l'âge
Authors: Khosrokhavar Farhad
Published: March 2021

Résumé Dans le monde arabe, la jeunesse, en dépit de son caractère polysémique et polyclassiste, désigne une nouvelle génération à la fois mieux éduquée et qui fait nombre. Avant le Printemps arabe, l’exil intérieur caractérisait l’état de cette jeunesse. Si elles ont créé un indéniable vent de liberté, les révolutions démocratiques de l’hiver 2011 ne permettent pas dans l’immédiat de donner aux jeunes de réelles perspectives d’insertion sociale et professionnelle. Au sein de cette condition propre à l’exil intérieur, on peut distinguer trois situations spécifiques ou trois moyens d’y répondre : l’opportunisme individualiste, le néo-fondamentalisme et le jihadisme. La rupture avec ces trois modèles ne peut se faire que progressivement, par l’instauration d’une démocratie réelle, restaurant un sentiment de dignité, ouvrant des perspectives politiques et impliquant une citoyenneté pleinement revendiquée.
L’accompagnement des mineurs sous main de justice : une analyse des ressorts de la professionnalité prudentielle
Authors: Lenzi Catherine
Published: March 2021

Le présent article s’appuie sur les résultats d’une importante recherche qui a porté sur les recompositions de l’ordre éducatif dans la prise en charge des mineurs sous main de justice. Les données présentées ici, issues d’une méthode d’analyse en groupe, permettent d’éclairer la façon dont les personnels éducatifs, face au défi majeur de la nouvelle justice des mineurs qui consiste à concilier une double mission de surveillance/ contrôle et de réhabilitation/ responsabilisation, doivent en permanence transformer et réinventer le cadre de l’action pour dépasser le dilemme entre l’irréductible incertitude des situations d’accompagnement et une hyper standardisation/ normalisation des pratiques. Ainsi, l’article met en lumière que les intervenants, pour échapper aux dilemmes et tensions du métier, ont recours à un art de la prudence où ils construisent des marges de manœuvre adaptées aux spécificités réelles des prises en charge des mineurs difficiles.
Seasonal Sampling Influence on Population Dynamics and Yield of Channel Catfish and Walleye in a Large Great Plains Reservoir
Authors: Schall Benjamin J. , Schoenebeck Casey W. , Koupal Keith D.
Published: March 2021

Fish samples collected during different times of the year can be subject to various biases, but the influence of sampling during different seasons on population dynamics and yield metrics in large reservoirs is not well reported. This study compared the age structure, growth, mortality, and yield estimates of Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus and Walleye Sander vitreus collected during spring and fall with standardized gill netting in a large Nebraska, USA, reservoir. We sampled fish by using the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission standardized gill net survey methodology. We estimated ages from pectoral spines of Channel Catfish and from sagittal otoliths of Walleye, derived age-length keys, and compared mean spring and fall ages with t-tests. We compared spring and fall von Bertalanffy growth curves with likelihood-ratio tests and mortality estimates from weighted catch curves with an analysis of variance. We visually compared spring and fall yield estimates derived from yield-per-recruit models to assess the impact of variable population dynamics estimates. Estimates of mean age, growth coefficient, mean asymptotic length, total annual mortality, and yield of Channel Catfish did not differ between spring and fall. Conversely, older age structure of Walleye in spring resulted in lower estimates of total annual mortality and higher yield than in fall. Estimates of mean asymptotic length and growth coefficient differed between spring and fall for female Walleye, and mean asymptotic length, growth coefficient, and theoretical time at age 0 estimates varied between spring and fall for male Walleye. Fall yield estimates were substantially lower than spring estimates for both male and female Walleye. These results demonstrate that the sample collection season can impact population dynamics estimates for certain species, whereas others remain relatively unaffected.
Comparison of Specimen- and Image-Based Morphometrics for Cisco
Authors: O'Malley Brian P. , Schmitt Joseph D. , Holden Jeremy P. , Weidel Brian C.
Published: March 2021

Morphometric data from fish are typically generated using one of two methods: direct measurements made on a specimen or extraction of distances from a digital picture. We compared data on 12 morphometrics collected with these two methods on the same collection of Cisco Coregonus artedi from Lake Ontario, North America, to assess the degree of bias in measurements made directly on a specimen- vs. an image-based method. We also assessed the degree of reproducibility within the image-based method by evaluating the amount of variation between different analysts for each morphometric method. Our results indicate specific morphometrics may be more prone to bias across the two methods and between analysts. Four of 12 morphometrics evaluated showed significant deviation from a 1:1 relationship that would be expected if the imaged-based method produced accurate specimen-based measurements. Pelvic fin length and pelvic–anal fin distance had the highest between-analyst variation for image-based landmarks, indicating low reproducibility for these metrics, compared with pectoral fin or total length, which had lower between-analyst variation. Although some morphometric measurements can be accurately obtained with either method, and therefore potentially used interchangeably in studies on Cisco morphology, our findings highlight the importance of considering method bias in morphometric studies that use data collected by different methods.
Gold un Brilyant
Authors: Panczer Gérard , Cohen-Scali Stéphane
Published: March 2021

L’idée que les Juifs orthodoxes ashkénazes sont associés au monde du diamant est bien ancrée dans la conscience collective. Le corolaire est que l’association diamants - Juifs - riches, génère beaucoup de fantasmes. Or, ce sont des Juifs séfarades, expulsés d’Espagne et du Portugal, dénommés les « Portugais », qui sont, entre autres, à l’origine du commerce du diamant entre l’Inde et l’Europe à partir du XVe siècle, en particulier sous la forme d’échange contre du corail rouge de Méditerranée. Ceux-ci ont rapidement appris les techniques de taille auprès de protestants à Anvers et Amsterdam. Ce n’est qu’à partir du XVIIe siècle que les Ashkénazes allemands puis polonais, fuyant les persécutions, arrivent à Amsterdam. Ils vont rapidement constituer la main-d’œuvre ouvrière des ateliers de taille du diamant. Ces travailleurs exploités, mais également organisés, seront un exemple des études du prolétariat juif en Europe au tout début du XXe siècle. Un jargon yiddish typique du monde du diamant est utilisé jusqu’à nos jours. Par ailleurs, la taille et le négoce de diamants taillés ne représentent qu’une très faible plus-value et ne sont, de loin, pas le secteur le plus rentable de la filière diamant. Enfin, il est montré que l’organisation communautaire assure fiabilité et confiance, les maîtres mots nécessaires aux échanges rapides et efficaces entre intermédiaires du diamant brut aux bijoux.
Predicting Diabetes Mellitus With Machine Learning Techniques Using Multi-Criteria Decision Making
Authors: Juneja Abhinav , Juneja Sapna , Kaur Sehajpreet , Kumar Vivek
Published: March 2021

Diabetes has become one of the common health issues in people of all age groups. The disease is responsible for many difficulties in lifestyle and is represented by imbalance in hyperglycemia. If kept untreated, diabetes can raise the chance of heart attack, diabetic nephropathy, and other disorders. Early diagnosis of diabetes helps to maintain a healthy lifestyle. Machine learning is a capability of machine to learn from past pattern and occurrences and converge with experience to optimise and give decision. In the current research, the authors have employed machine learning techniques and used multi-criteria decision-making approach in Pima Indian diabetes dataset. To classify the patients, they examined several different supervised and unsupervised predictive models. After detailed analysis, it has been observed that the supervised learning algorithms outweigh the unsupervised algorithms due to the output class being a nominal classified domain.
Assessment of Economic Viability of Wind Power Plant in Bonny Island of Rivers State of Southern Nigeria for Cleaner Electricity Generation
Authors: Uhunmwangho R. , Emu Chuks , Okedu Kenneth E.
Published: March 2021

This paper presents the economic viability of a 30 MW wind power plant in Bonny Island, Rivers State, Nigeria, as a mandate to define the suitability of siting wind farms for the purpose of electricity generation. Bonny Island is presently not connected to Nigeria utility grid, as such sustainable and reliable electricity generation is desirable. In this work, wind electricity generation and economic assessment of Enercon E-82 (2 MW) wind turbines operating at 78 m hub height was investigated. The result showed the chosen turbine model can generate total annual electricity of 89,684 MWh at an energy cost of $0.1/ kWh and 38,796 tons of CO2 on greenhouse gas saving. The result also showed that the wind power generation is economically viable in Bonny Island. Keywords: Renewable energy, wind power, RETScreen, Economic Assessment, Bonny Island.
Assessment of Solar Energy Potential of East Gojjam Zone Ethiopia Using Angestrom-Prescott Model
Authors: Hailu Engidaw Abel , Salau Ayodeji Olalekan , Godebo Amache Jara
Published: March 2021

Only a small number of Ethiopia’s rural population has access to electricity. These rural areas can be electrified using different electrification approaches. One of the prime challenges in the decision making process is to obtain reliable information about the energy potential of the region under consideration. In this paper, an assessment of the solar energy potential of East Gojjam Zone in Ethiopia is presented. In the study area, there are only four meteorological measurement stations, namely: Debre Markos, Debrewerk, Mota, and Yetnora. The data for the hours of sunshine for these sites is collected from the National Meteorological Agency, Bahir Dar Branch Office. The data is prepared and used to calculate the mean global horizontal solar radiation using Angestrom-Prescott (AP) Model. An AP model for the four study sites was developed. The model regression coefficients, a and b, are estimated for each study site for respective latitudes, average hours of sunshine and day length. According to the models, the annual mean daily global horizontal radiation for Debre Markos, Debrewerk, Mota, and Yetnora is 5.88, 6.52, 6.28, and 6.31 kWh/m2/day, respectively, and 6.30kWh/m2/day for East Gojjam Zone, which is actually a very good solar energy potential. According to the monthly average global horizontal solar radiation profiles, the study sites receive the highest solar radiation in April and lowest solar radiation in July and August. The radiation in Debre Markos varies between 3.97 and 5.88kWh/m2/day, but Debrewerk receives more uniform solar radiation throughout the year. By considering intermittency and average solar energy potential of the four sites, Debrewerq and Debre Markos are the best and the worst sites, respectively, for large solar energy projects.
Reduction of Free Fatty Acid in Low Free Fatty Acid of Mixed Crude Palm Oil (LMCPO): Optimization of Esterification Parameters
Authors: Thawornprasert Jarernporn , Duangsuwan Wiriya , Somnuk Krit
Published: March 2021

The objective of this research was to study the optimum condition of esterified oil production from low free fatty acid of mixed crude palm oil (LMCPO) by using a response surface methodology (RSM) with esterification reaction in a batch mode. LMCPO obtained from a vacuum refining process of mixed crude palm oil (MCPO) to extract the partial FFA in oil which was used as a raw materials in a food production. Therefore, remaining FFA of 6.170 wt.% in LMCPO should be reduced to less than 1 wt.% by using esterification when required these oils to use as feedstock for producing biodiesel. After esterification process, FFA in esterified oil was studied to optimize the four independent variables of methanol (5-25 vol.%), sulfuric acid (0.5-4.5 vol.%), reaction time (5-65 min) and speed of stirrer (100-500 rpm). The results showed that the optimal condition of 25 vol.% methanol, 2 vol.% sulfuric acid, 500 rpm speed of stirrer, and 30 min reaction time at 60°C reaction temperature can decreased the FFA level to less than 0.212 wt.%. However, it was found out that the high consumptions of methanol and sulfuric acid required for reducing FFA to lowest value. Thus, the selected condition of 17.4% methanol, 1.6% sulfuric acid, 300 rpm speed of stirrer, and 35 min reaction time was chosen to save the chemical contents because this condition achieved to reduce FFA to acceptable level of 1 wt.%. For the actual experiment, FFA can be decreased to 0.212 wt.%, and 1.028 wt.% respectively. The yields of 96.67 wt.% for crude esterified oil and 94.22 wt.% for pure esterified oil were achieved based on LMCPO under the selected condition.
Gel-Polymer Electrolytes for Sodium Batteries - Raman and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopic Studies
Authors: Menisha Gnanasubramaniam , Jayamaha J.H.T. Bandara , Vignarooban K. , Sashikesh Ganeshalingam , Velauthamurthy Kugamurthy , Wijayasinghe H.W.M.A.C. , Dissanayake M.A.K.L.
Published: March 2021

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) as low-cost alternatives to expensive lithium-ion batteries become a hot R&D topic in the recent days due to the natural abundancy of sodium in the Earth’s crust and also in the oceans. As far as solid electrolytes for SIBs are concerned, larger size of Na+ ions compared to that of Li+ ions hinders the ionic mobility resulting to insufficient ionic conductivity for practical applications. Development of quasi-solid state gel-polymer electrolytes (GPEs) would be a feasible solution to overcome this challenge. In this work, we developed Poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) based GPEs with six different compositions dissolved in EC:PC (ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate, 1:1 wt%) mixture. Among six different GPE samples investigated by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopic and Raman Spectroscopic techniques, the best ambient temperature ionic conductivity of 4.2 mS cm-1 was obtained for 9PMMA:9NaPF6:41EC:41PC (wt%). Variation of ionic conductivity with inverse temperature showed Arrhenius behavior with almost constant activation energies. The best conducting GPE showed an activation energy of 0.14 eV. In the Raman spectra, very sharp crystalline peaks (400-850 cm-1 wave number range) of NaPF6 disappear in the gel state of the electrolytes confirming the non-crystalline nature of the GPEs. Boson modes remain almost constant in intensity for all the six different compositions. The best conducting GPE seems to be highly suitable for practical applications in SIBs as it has sufficient ambient temperature ionic conductivity.
A Data Mining Approach to Investigate the Carbon Nanotubes Mechanical Properties via High-Throughput Molecular Simulation
Authors: Xiang Yi , Yamamoto Go
Published: March 2021

The relationship of geometrical properties and mechanical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was investigated by using high-throughput molecular simulation. Geometrical properties such as diameter, number of walls, chirality, and crosslink density were considered. As a key factor in determining the mechanical properties of composites reinforced with CNTs, nominal tensile strength is the focus in this study, which can be calculated by fracture force divided by the full cross-sectional area including the hollow core and the wall thickness. The fracture mode, nominal tensile strength, and nominal Young’s modulus under the condition of CNTs outermost tube loading axial tensile test were evaluated. Three types of fracture modes led by different crosslink densities of CNTs were obtained. By data-mining through large amounts of datasets, we showed that CNTs with small diameter, large number of walls, and crosslinks between walls can have high nominal tensile strength. We demonstrated that zigzag-type CNTs with crosslink density of approximately 1.5% - 2.5%, armchair-type CNTs with crosslink density of approximately 3% - 4% can help improve the load transfer from the outer tube to the inner tube the most.
Deep Neural Network for Dielectric Properties Prediction of PVDF/BaTiO3 Nanocomposites for Flexible Capacitors
Authors: Zazoum Bouchaib , Bachri Abdel
Published: March 2021

In this work, PVDF/BaTiO3 nanocomposites consisting of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) as matrix and BaTiO3 (BT) as fillers were prepared by ball milling and hot-pressing process. It is known that nanofillers content and frequency affect the effective dielectric permittivity of the nanocomposites materials. Therefore, a developed model based on deep neural network (DNN) was used to study the effect of the input parameters on the dielectric permittivity of the nanocomposites. The volume fraction (vol%) of BT and frequency of alternating current (AC) were selected as the input parameters and the effective dielectric permittivity as the output response. The results show that the developed DNN model was able to predict the effective dielectric permittivity of PVDF/BT nanocomposites with a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.997. Thus, our study confirmed the accuracy and efficiency of the developed DNN model for predicting the relative dielectric permittivity of PVDF/BT nanocomposites.
Recurrent congenital diaphragmatic hernia: A single center experience
Authors: Słowik-Moczydłowska Żaneta , Kamiński Andrzej
Published: March 2021

Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) occurs in 1:4000 live births. It’s morbidity and mortality rates are significant. Recurrence is one of the recognized complications occurring after a successful initial repair. Poorly known are the rate of recurrence and factors that may influence the re-herniation. Poorly described are its morphology and treatment. Medical records of 95 neonates with CDH who had undergone repair at tertiary pediatric teaching hospital between 2007-2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Prior to surgery, peri-operative and recurrence data were collected. The follow-up was 1 to 12 years after the initial repair. Recurrence occurred in 22/84 (26%) patients. In 5 patients we observed more than one recurrence, total number of 27 (32%) re-herniations; 16/22 (72%) recurrences occurred within first 12 months; 7/27 (26%) recurrences were symptomatic which gives the symptomatic recurrence rate 8.3%; 20/27 (74%) were asymptomatic. There were no significant differences between groups considering LHR, gestational age, birth weight, severity of pre-surgery and post-surgery stabilization period. Significantly higher Apgar scores were in the group without recurrence. Among subjects with recurrent CDH majority had a left-sided defect, no hernia sac, no liver herniation, diaphragm was primarily sutured, abdominal wall primarily closed. Even though none of those factors was significantly related with the recurrence. Recurrence in CDH remains a significant issue for long-term surgical morbidity, especially more apparent in the first year of life. As long as the risk factors of re-herniation remains unclear, the most important seems to be routine follow-up protocol allowing for CDH recurrence detection.
Fever of Unknown Origin
Authors: Sharma Punit
Published: March 2021

Fever of unknown origin (FUO) is a convoluted clinical dilemma. It can be caused by infective, inflammatory, malignant, and other pathologies. The identification of etiopathogenesis is essential for instituting definitive management. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) is now an integral part of FUO management. We present the case of a 60-year-old female with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), where the infected renal cyst was detected as the cause of FUO on18F-FDG PET-CT.
Avoiding Adverse Drug Withdrawal Events When Stopping Unnecessary Medications According to the STOPPFrail Criteria
Authors: Hanlon Joseph T. , Tjia Jennifer
Published: March 2021

Objective To provide clinicians with information about avoiding adverse drug withdrawal events (ADWEs) when discontinuing unnecessary medications as per the STOPPFrail criteria. Data Sources Searches of MEDLINE (1970-June 2020), the Cochrane Database of
Systematic Reviews (through June 2020), Google Scholar (through June 2020). Study Selection Reviews and original studies of ADWEs. Data Extraction Tapering protocols for specific drugs/ classes from randomized controlled deprescribing trials.
Data Synthesis Six drug classes were identified as being high risk for physiological ADWEs. Conclusion The occurrence of ADWEs is rare in comparison to adverse drug reactions in older adults. Few drugs/classes have been reported to have physiological ADWEs with
abrupt discontinuation. For these we provide information about tapering protocols and symptom monitoring to avoid ADWEs.
Термодинамика взаимодействующих систем молекул ДНК
Authors: Rozikov Utkir Abdulloevich
Published: March 2021

Молекула ДНК определяется как последовательность чисел 1 и 2 и размещается вдоль пути на дереве Кэли так, что каждая вершина дерева Кэли принадлежит только одной
ДНК и каждая ДНК имеет свое счетное множество соседних ДНК. Гамильтониан такого множества ДНК задается как гамильтониан модели с двумя значениями спина, которые отождествляются с двумя парами оснований ДНК. Описаны трансляционно-инвариантные меры Гиббса модели на дереве Кэли второго порядка, которые затем применяются для изучения термодинамических свойств модели ДНК. Показано, что существует критическое значение температуры $T_{\mathrm c}$, такое, что если температура $T\ge T_{\mathrm c}$, то существует единственная трансляционно-инвариантная мера Гиббса, а если $T<T_{\mathrm c}$, то существуют три трансляционно-инвариантные меры Гиббса. Каждая такая мера определяет фазу на множестве ДНК. В случае очень высоких и очень низких температур найдены стационарные распределения и типичные конфигурации модели.
Бинарное преобразование Дарбу для уравнения Абловица-Каупа-Ньюэлла-Сигура отрицательного порядка
Authors: Amjad Zeeshan , Khan Dilafroz
Published: March 2021

Изучается бинарное преобразование Дарбу для уравнения Абловица-Каупа-Ньюэлла-Сигура отрицательного порядка. С его помощью итерационно получены $N$-кратные квазиграммианные решения, выражающиеся через квазидетерминанты. В некоторых простых случаях построены явные решения исследуемого уравнения при ненулевом и нулевом фоне, которые включают в себя яркий и темный бризеры, солитон и решения с одним и двумя горбами.
Симметрия Ли, анализ нелокальных симметрий и взаимодействие решений $(2+1)$-мерного уравнения КдФ-мКдФ
Authors: Zhao Zhonglong , He Lingchao
Published: March 2021

Метод анализа симметрий Ли используется для исследования $(2+1)$-мерного уравнения КдФ-мКдФ. С помощью метода Ибрагимова, который опирается только на таблицу коммутаторов, построена оптимальная система одномерных подалгебр алгебры Ли. На основе рассмотрения представителей оптимальной системы изучаются инвариантные решения и редукции, основанные на подобии решений. Для анализа некоторых свойств нелокальной симметрии применяется метод усеченного расширения Пенлеве, получены два преобразования Беклунда, не являющиеся автопреобразованиями, и одно автопреобразование Беклунда. Чтобы локализовать нелокальную симметрию и получить локальную точечную симметрию Ли, вводится расширенная система. С помощью решения соответствующих задач Коши для точечных симметрий Ли доказана теорема о конечном преобразовании симметрии и найдено $n$-е преобразование Беклунда, выраженное через определители. На основе одного из полученных преобразований Беклунда, не являющегося автопреобразованием, выведены решения типа лампов. Кроме того, доказана интегрируемость уравнения методом согласованного преобразования Риккати. В явном виде выписаны решения типа солитонных кноидальных волн. Динамические характеристики полученных решений исследуются с помощью численного анализа.
Оценка суммы ряда Спицера и ее обобщение
Authors: Nagaev Sergey Victorovich
Published: March 2021

Получена оценка сверху абсолютной величины суммы ряда Спицера. Эта оценка зависит в явном виде от распределения, в терминах которого определяются члены ряда Спицера.
Carbon Neutrality, Reduction and Offset-Aviation Solutions in the 21st Century
Authors: Nyamdorj Bolormaa , Anaka Wayne , Stoica Andrei , Sushant Sushant , Ortega Joshua , Helm Brittney , Moreira Paula
Published: March 2021

Begun in 2016, the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA) was developed and agreed by International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) 191 Member States, while the Airport Carbon Accreditation was developed by the Airports, Council International Europe as a carbon management system and certification. The aviation industry has its own offsetting scheme to measure aviation emissions and carbon offsetting and it has become the first industry sector which leads the world making commitments to reduce emissions. CORSIA and the Airport Carbon Accreditation are programs that impose carbon management obligations on the aviation industry. The training product to be presented, will clarify for the first time how to go beyond mere compliance and exceed the carbon reduction requirements of these instruments by achieving carbon neutrality in operations, to decrease costs, boost revenue, productivity and customer experience for airlines, airports and ground service providers. The methodology that will be explained for achieving carbon neutrality involves gains in operational efficiency and the use of sustainable aviation fuels (SAFs) to reduce carbon in operations, and investment in reforestation and conservation projects (forest carbon credits) to offset emissions. Innovative practices and benefits of communicating with customers and the public about carbon neutral goals, milestones and achievements will be shared and explained. This training will describe how carbon neutrality when done right decreases operational costs, reduces health and safety risks, lowers environmental risks, and generates new revenue and sales through brand trust, customer loyalty and revenue science. For the very first time, tools, technologies and solutions on how to transition to a low-cost, high-revenue producing carbon neutral operations model for airlines, airports and ground service providers will be presented.
Pre-Service Teachers' Attitudes towards STEM: Differences Based on Multiple Variables and the Relationship with Academic Achievement
Authors: Kartal Büşra , Taşdemir Adem
Published: March 2021

STEM education has benefits for students, such as increasing achievement and improving attitudes, motivation, interest toward STEM disciplines, and higher-order thinking skills. Teachers' characteristics, perceptions, and attitudes related to STEM influence teachers' implementation of integrative STEM approaches and, as a result, shape the learning environment. This study examined 513 pre-service teachers' attitudes towards STEM in terms of multiple variables (department, class level, gender, having a traineeship, or information about STEM) and investigates the relationship between participants' attitudes and academic grade point averages. Participants were pre-service preschool, classroom, science, and mathematics teachers that can be considered the basis of the STEM pipeline. Data were collected via a survey and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson product-moment correlation. Results show that pre-service science teachers, senior pre-service teachers, and participants who had information or a traineeship about STEM had more positive attitudes towards STEM. There was no relationship between attitudes and grade points. It was also seen that the attitudes towards engineering-technology explain the most variance in the attitudes towards STEM. Therefore, the teacher preparation programs should give more attention to integrate the courses of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics and help the pre-service teachers (regardless of their departments) to realize the connectedness of STEM subjects.
Représentations et pratiques langagières plurilingues des jeunes tunisien·ne·s
Authors: BEN BRAHIM Safa
Published: March 2021

Reflet de la diversité culturelle tunisienne, la darija tunisienne (aussi appelée arabe dialectal) est un ensemble de parlers hétérogènes. Elle est considérée comme inférieure à la variété de prestige qui est l’arabe classique et elle est même dévalorisée par ses propres locuteur·trice·s. Ainsi, son usage est limité aux domaines oraux du quotidien. Signalons d’autre part que chaque tentative de valorisation de la darija, de son intégration dans les médias ou encore dans les milieux scolaires donne lieu à de grands débats des locuteur·trice·s puristes.  Compte tenu de tous ces facteurs, nous avons essayé de comprendre le fonctionnement des pratiques langagières des étudiant·e·s tunisien·ne·s et élucider les différentes représentations qui lui sont intrinsèques. Nous nous avons également déchiffré le refus affirmé des puristes quant au plurilinguisme des jeunes. Pour terminer, Nous avons essayé de comprendre l’image de cette richesse linguistique aux yeux de ses propres locuteur·trice·s.
Vers une dynamique des pratiques lexicographiques bilingues des langues africaines/langue française : le DITFA à l’épreuve de la lexicologie explicative et combinatoire
Authors: TAÏWE FULBERT
Published: March 2021

Cet article questionne les règles et les principes utilisés par Suzanne Ruelland pour la confection du Dictionnaire tupuri-français-anglais (DITFA). Le corpus est un dictionnaire trilingue mais nous insistons sur la paire tupuri-français pour maintenir la perspective bilingue. Ce dictionnaire a le mérite de constituer un document de base important pour l’apprentissage et la pratique du tupuri de par son ancienneté et le fait qu’il soit plus vulgarisé. Toutefois, une analyse assez fine, à la lumière de la lexicologie explicative et combinatoire, permet de faire ressortir des insuffisances tant au niveau de l’exhaustivité interne et externe qu’au niveau du métalangage formel et de la cohérence des définitions accordées aux entrées. Ce trésor de la langue tupuri mérite un soin particulier dans l’inventaire de ses adresses, la structuration des collocations et leurs descriptions. Le DITFA est passé au crible des techniques de la lexicologie explicative et combinatoire. Ces préalables théoriques sont sans doute une plus-value pour la conception et l’élaboration des dictionnaires bilingues. Les écarts constatés dans le dictionnaire de Ruelland tiennent lieu de postulat pour poser les jalons d’une nouvelle analyse macro/microstructurale du dictionnaire tupuri-français inspirée du dynamisme des pratiques lexicographiques actuelles.
Temps, aspect et mode (TAM) : le cas du baoulé walèbo
Authors: BERTIEL N’GUESSAN Konan
Published: March 2021

Le baoulé est une langue kwa de Côte d’Ivoire. En effet, le parler (variété) qui a fourni les données à cette investigation est le walèbo. Son système de conjugaison est essentiellement aspecto-modal. Cette étude a mis l’accent sur dix TAM du baoulé. Quatre d’entre eux sont des modaux (impératif, constatatif, intentionnel et injonctif) et six sont des aspects (progressif, continuatif, accompli, résultatif, futur et habituel). Ces TAM s’expriment soit par un ton, soit par un morphème ou encore des deux manières. Les suprasegmentaux sont l’impératif (ton haut) et le constatatif (ton haut). Ils se réalisent sur le verbe. Les segmentaux sont le futur wá, le progressif sú, le résultatif à, le continuatif tɛ̀, l’injonctif mà̰ ou allongement de la voyelle du sujet et l’accompli lí. Les quatre premiers précèdent le verbe, le cinquième (le cas où on a le morphème mà̰) s’antépose à l’énoncé et le dernier se postpose. L’intentionnel (ton haut) et l’habituel (ton bas), en plus des tons que porte le verbe, utilisent aussi des segmentaux. wɛ̰́, kṵ́dɛ́ kɛ́, kló kɛ́ marquent l’intentionnel et títí l’habituel. wɛ̰́, kṵ́dɛ́ kɛ́, kló kɛ́ se positionnent entre le sujet et le verbe dans le premier cas et títí se postpose à l’énoncé dans le second.
Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches to the Study of Poverty: Taming the Tensions and Appreciating the Complementarities
Authors: Balarabe Kura Sulaiman
Published: March 2021

There is a germane relationship between qualitative and quantitative approaches to social science research. The relationship is empirically and theoretically demonstrated by poverty researchers. The study of poverty, as argued in this article, is a study of both numbers and contextualities. This article provides a general overview of qualitative and quantitative approaches to poverty studies and argues that only a combination of the two approaches, where necessary, would provide a robust, rich and reliable data for researching issues of poverty. Hence, the contemporary drive towards a mixed methods approach in poverty research is not only welcomed but certainly timely as well. Thus, understanding ontological and epistemological paradigms about social sciences is imperative in dousing such tensions.
Parents’ Experiences during their Infant’s Transition from Neonatal Intensive Care Unit to Home: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Hutchinson Sharon , Spillett Marydee , Cronin Mary
Published: March 2021

Limited literature exists which examines how parents of infants hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) transition from their infant’s NICU hospital stay to home. This study examines the question, “What are the experiences of parents during their infant’s transition from the NICU to home? Grounded theory methods served as the paradigm to explore twelve NICU parents’ experiences during their infant’s transition. The basic social psychological process identified was “becoming a parent” which was based on the core problem “I’m not a parent.” Analysis of data contributed to a model described by the researchers as the resultant Model of Parental Progression that describes how the parents proceeded through their experiences of their infants’ transitions from the NICU to home.
Method and Writing: A Review of Adams’ Narrating the Close
Authors: Faulkner Sandra
Published: March 2021

The reviewer starts the review with her reading strategy of beginning with the discussion of the method. She argues that Adams’ work expands definitions of culture and what constitutes the field in ethnographic work in a beautifully written piece of autoethnography. Adams marries method, writing, and topic matter. The reviewer believes that this text would be appropriate for undergraduate and graduate students as well as those of us wanting an excellent example of autoethnography. In conclusion, the reviewer claims excitement to see where this will take ethnographers in the future, and especially those of us interested in the study of stigmatized and marginalized identities and close relationships.
Democracy and Social Justice in Sarajevo’s Schools
Authors: McDermott Peter , Lanahan Brian
Published: March 2021

After the end of the 1992-1995 Bosnian war, the people of Sarajevo found themselves rebuilding their country while also learning to live with their former enemies in this developing democracy. In this study we examined the extent to which democratic practices and social justice values were being taught in Sarajevo’s schools. Using a case study method, we gathered data gathered from interviews with educators in a variety of roles in Sarajevo, observations of elementary and secondary classroom teaching, and daily reflective journal entries about living and teaching in the city during the fall of 2008. Our data analyses revealed that democratic teaching practices and multicultural values are not being taught in Sarajevo’s schools. Instead, entangled and fragmented governmental structures, lingering emotional trauma from the war, and a general sense of pessimism about the future are interfering with educational reform and movement toward a democratic and socially-just society.
Clarifying My World: Identity Work in the Context of Workplace Bullying
Authors: D'Cruz Premilla , Noronha Ernesto
Published: March 2021

Based on a study rooted in van Manen’s hermeneutic phenomenology, conducted with agents working in international facing call centers in Mumbai and Bangalore, India, this paper describes targets’ identity work in the context of workplace bullying. Data were gathered through conversational interviews and were subject to sententious and selective thematic analyses. The core theme of “clarifying my world” captures participants’ attempt to reconstruct their identity following the emergence of identity disruptions stemming from the experience of being bullied. Major themes which include building personal security and insulation, recreating equilibrium, maintaining dignity and poise, re-establishing ontological foundations and seeking continuity in one’s evolution, represent the goals of identity work which address specific dimensions of identity disruptions. The findings highlight the long-term effects of workplace bullying on targets and targets’ attempts to restore their well - being.
Circle Dance and Dance Therapy for Talented Children with Disadvantages and Special Needs
Authors: Borbáth Katalin
Published: March 2021

At the meeting points of different cultures, a unique quality is born. That is what we can experience when sacred round dance, dance therapy, and talent development meet and overlap. The study aims to present a project operated by the Budapest 10th district Educational Consultant Team with the support of the Hungarian National Talent Program. The program, named Square-Dance-Theatre-Scene, was started as an experiment, integrating 12–14-year-old students, including psychologists, drama experts, art therapists, dance therapists, and dance teachers. In the paper, a sacred dance therapeutic workshop is described and analyzed, which was a part of this broader talent management program. The workshop was preceded by an outline of the underlying tripartite theoretical background: The sacred dance workshop’s group dynamics are analyzed with dance and movement therapy methods. The archaic roots of sacred dance related to the therapeutic approach are also displayed. Finally, a SWOT-type summary of the work process is given, including both the project’s strengths and weaknesses.
Analisis Strategi Pemasaran Pada Lembaga Kursus dan Bimbingan Belajar Education Zone
Authors: Rahman Shinta Abdul
Published: March 2021

Marketing activities determine the Education Zone Course and Tutoring Institute (E-Zone LKBB) in selling products as the spearhead set by the E-Zone management LKBB and its marketing strategy. In determining the marketing strategy, environmental analysis is critical because it includes analyzing the internal and external environment. The research problem is about the service marketing strategy in the E-Zone LKBB. Therefore the research questions in this research are: 1) What are the strengths and weaknesses in improving LKBB E-Zona services. 2) What are the opportunities and threats in increasing the marketing strategy of LKBB E-Zone services? 3) What are the formulations of marketing strategies in improving marketing LKBB E-Zone services? This study aims to identify the strengths and weaknesses in the LKBB E-Zone as well as the opportunities and threats of the E-Zone LKBB and formulate a marketing strategy for LKBB E-Zone. The unit of analysis in this research is the Education Zone Course and Tutoring Institution. The observation unit is the marketing and sales management and the students who have studied at LKBB E-Zone for approximately six months. The data analysis method used in this study is the SWOT analysis (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threat), which is an analysis that aims to analyze the strengths and weaknesses as well as opportunities and threats. The result shows that the E-Zone LKBB is in the Fast Growth Strategy quadrant position, between Strength (Strength) and opportunity (Opportunity) in the SWOT diagram. LKBB E-Zone has strengths and opportunities that are greater than weaknesses and threats. So that LKBB E-Zone can take full advantage of all the potential strengths and opportunities by using elements of marketing strategies, namely: market segmentation, target market determination, product placement, timing, marketing mix, and its essential 7 P elements, namely: Promotion, Product, Price, Place, People, Physical Evidence, and Process