bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ar visada „gražu yra gerai“: potencialių darbuotojų suvokto fizinio patrauklumo ir lyties įtaka priimant sprendimą pakviesti į pokalbį dėl darbo
Authors: Petrauskaitė Deimantė , Mikuličiūtė Vita
Published: January 2017

Įsitikinimas, kad „grožis yra gėris“, reiškia, jog patraukliems žmonėms priskiriamos teigiamesnės asme­nybės savybės nei nepatraukliems, tačiau įdarbinimo srityje gaunami prieštaringi rezultatai. Pastebėta, kad patrauklios moterys, siekiančios vadovaujamų pareigų, vertinamos neigiamiau, palyginti su patrau­kliais vyrais ir nepatraukliomis moterimis. Šiuo tyrimu siekta išsiaiškinti, kokią reikšmę suvoktas fizinis patrauklumas turi asmens savybių vertinimui ir potencialaus darbuotojo pasirinkimui pakviesti į darbo pokalbį dėl vadovaujamų / nevadovaujamų pareigų. Pagrindiniame tyrimo etape dalyvavo 85 asmenys. Jie turėjo įvertinti keturių fotografijose pavaizduotų skirtingų lyčių žmonių asmenybės savybes, taip pat nuspręsti, kurį iš asmenų kviestų į darbo pokalbį. Nustatyta, kad patraukliems žmonėms priskiriamos teigiamesnės savybės, nesvarbu, kokia jų lytis ar pareigos, į kurias jie kandidatuoja, taip pat jie būtų dažniau kviečiami į darbo pokalbius.
Studentų rizikingo elgesio ir aštrių pojūčių siekio sąsajos
Authors: Bulotaitė Laima , Zamalijeva Olga
Published: January 2017

Straipsnyje pristatomi tyrimo, kuriuo siekta išsiaiškinti įvairių rizikingo elgesio tipų paplitimo tarp stu­dentų ypatumus ir rizikingo elgesio bei aštrių pojūčių siekio sąsajas, rezultatai. Apklausti 664 studentai iš 8 Lietuvos universitetų. Apklaustų studentų amžiaus vidurkis 20,4 metų (SD = 2,21), 76 proc. jų mote­rys, 24 proc. – vyrai. Tyrime naudotas specialiai sukurtas klausimynas, skirtas 12 rizikingo elgesio tipų, ir Aštrių pojūčių siekio skalės penktoji versija (SSS-V, Sensation Seeking Scale, Form V, Zuckerman, 2007). Tyrimas atskleidė, kad 94,7 proc. studentų būdingas rizikingas elgesys. Dažniausiai paplitęs elgesys – didelio alkoholio kiekio vartojimas vienu metu. Antroje vietoje yra važiavimas su apsvaigusiu nuo al­koholio vairuotoju. Apie trečdaliui studentų būdingas rūkymas, dažnas alkoholio vartojimas, narkotikų vartojimas, ekstremalus sportas, nesaugūs lytiniai santykiai, SMS žinučių rašymas vairuojant. Rečiausiai paplitęs rizikingas elgesys – daugiau nei du sekso partneriai per metus. Nustatyta, kad visi rizikingo elge­sio tipai yra susiję tarpusavyje. Vienas rizikingo elgesio tipas būdingas 11,3 proc. studentų. Beveik pusei studentų (49 proc.) būdingi 2–4 rizikingo elgesio tipai, o daugiau nei trečdaliui (34,5 proc.) būdingi penki ir daugiau rizikingo elgesio tipų.Studentai, kuriems būdingi įvairūs rizikingo elgesio tipai, gauna didesnius aštrių pojūčių siekio skalės balus. Labiau išreikštas aštrių pojūčių siekis prognozuoja didesnį asmeniui būdingų rizikingo elgesio tipų skaičių. Tyrimo rezultatai leidžia teigti, kad aštrių pojūčių siekis yra asmenybės matmuo, kuris gali būti naudojamas prognozuoti ne tik studentams būdingo rizikingo elgesio kiekį, bet ir atskirų rizikingo el­gesio tipų apraiškas, kaip antai narkotikų vartojimas ir užsiėmimas ekstremaliu sportu. Aštrių pojūčių siekio įvertinimas leidžia pasirinkti tinkamus tiek prevencijos, tiek ankstyvosios intervencijos metodus.
Iatrogenic Cushing’s Syndrome Due to Topical Ocular Glucocorticoid Treatment
Authors: Fukuhara Daisuke , Takiura Toshihiko , Keino Hiroshi , Okada Annabelle A. , Yan Kunimasa
Published: January 2017

Iatrogenic Cushing’s syndrome (CS) is a severe adverse effect of systemic glucocorticoid (GC) therapy in children, but is extremely rare in the setting of topical ocular GC therapy. In this article, we report the case of a 9-year-old girl suffering from idiopathic uveitis who developed CS due to topical ocular GC treatment. She was referred to the ophthalmology department with a complaint of painful eyes, at which time she was diagnosed with bilateral iridocyclitis and started on a treatment of betamethasone sodium phosphate eye drops. Six months after the initiation of topical ocular GC treatment, she was referred to our pediatric department with stunted growth, truncal obesity, purple skin striate, buffalo hump, and moon face. Because her serum cortisol and plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone levels were undetectable, she was diagnosed with iatrogenic CS. After the doses of topical ocular GC were reduced, the clinical symptoms of CS were improved. The fact that the amount of topical ocular GC with our patient was apparently less than that of similar previous cases tempted us to perform genetic analysis of her NR3C1 gene. We found that our patient had a single heterozygous nucleotide substitution in the 3′ untranslated region of the NR3C1 gene, which may explain why she developed CS. However, additional investigations are required to determine if our findings can be extrapolated to other patients. In conclusion, clinicians should be aware that even extremely low doses of topical ocular steroid therapy can cause iatrogenic CS.
Sistematización de la experiencia sobre las implicaciones bioéticas de la investigación en pediatría
Authors: Leiva-Díaz Viriam , Villalobos-Núñez Beatriz , Hernández-Rojas María Elena
Published: January 2017

Introducción: La bioética es una rama de la ética que ha ido cobrando fuerza por la relevancia e impacto que ha tenido, no solo en el ámbito de la investigación, sino en otras como la intervención (bioética de la intervención) y lo social (bioética social).Desarrollo: Se muestran los resultados de la actividad de  investigación “Implicaciones Bioéticas de la investigación en Pediatría”, realizada en el segundo semestre del 2013. En dicha actividad participaron tres expertos, en bioética y enfermería, investigación médica y derecho, mediante una descripción detallada de lo expuesto por los conferencistas para luego reflexionar acerca de lo presentado a la luz de la teoría. Es esencial reflexionar sobre un aspecto vital que se desprende de los resultados del foro y que se concreta en la pregunta ¿para qué se investiga en pediatría? Tal interrogante que pareciera por demás obvia, tiene implicaciones éticas, cuya respuesta sería para mejorar las condiciones de salud de la población infantil, sin embargo hay otros fines explícitos e implícitos que pueden poner en peligro este tan noble propósito. Como el desarrollo de la tecnología (techne) como aspiración humana, aunque por mucho tiempo la tecnología respondía a las necesidades del ser humano, no era una meta era un medio finito para fines bien definidos, lo cual ha cambiado.Conclusión: se encuentra que hay posiciones diversas en lo que respecta a la investigación pediátrica y su abordaje desde la bioética principialista o la casuística; la investigación en enfermería es vista como algo anexo y no substancial de la profesión, motivo por el que debe reflexionarse más respecto de la investigación de enfermería desde la interdisciplinariedad, sin olvidar que para quien investiga es un fin y no un medio.
Acompañamiento y cuidado holístico de enfermería en personas con enfermedades crónicas no adherentes al tratamiento
Authors: Veliz-Rojas Lizet , Bianchetti Saavedra Andrés
Published: January 2017

Introducción. La enfermería apoya en forma continua a las personas en su proceso de adaptación a la enfermedad crónica, abordaje desde el que  resulta esencial incorporar elementos holísticos en el acompañamiento y los cuidados con el propósito de enfocarse en la totalidad e integralidad de la persona y su entorno.  Al respecto, el presente ensayo tiene como propósito reflexionar en torno a la importancia del acompañamiento y cuidados holísticos de enfermería en las personas con enfermedades crónicas no adherentes a su tratamiento. Dicha reflexión se basa en el concepto de adherencia terapéutica de la Organización Mundial de la salud y la mirada holística, humanizada y transpersonal de Jane Watson, principales referentes teóricos.Desarrollo. Los altos niveles de no adherencia terapéutica en las personas con enfermedades crónicas no trasmisibles se constituye en uno de los principales desafíos al que se enfrenta la enfermería. Considerar a la persona con ECNT como un todo que posee una historia de vida, emociones, experiencias, valores y creencias socioculturales, es relevante para otorgar cuidados de calidad y favorecer la adherencia terapéutica.Conclusiones. Incorporar la mirada holística y humanista en los cuidados y acompañamiento de enfermería en las personas con ECNT deviene en una estrategia clave al momento de favorecer la adherencia terapéutica y, por ende, mejorar el bienestar y los niveles de control de estas enfermedades.
Necesidades educativas del estudiantado y personal docente respecto del fenómeno de la violencia escolar
Authors: López Navarro Laura , Quirós Alvarado Mauren Rebeca
Published: January 2017

Introducción: El profesional en Enfermería favorece el crecimiento y desarrollo de los individuos, a través de la promoción de la salud y prevención de la enfermedad mediante la educación en problemas de salud, tal como el fenómeno de la violencia escolar. Este artículo tiene como objetivo interpretar el fenómeno de la violencia escolar en los docentes y estudiantes de cuarto y quinto grado de una Escuela Pública en San Rafael Arriba de Desamparados, 2014. Método:  enfoque cualitativo descriptivo   que permite la implementación de distintas técnicas de recolección de datos con el fin de establecer, a través de la triangulación, las necesidades que afectan la realidad social. Resultados: Dentro de los principales hallazgos se identificó la dificultad para establecer adecuados canales de comunicación entre docentes y estudiantes; carencia de habilidades personales que les permitan desarrollar acciones para la identificación y contención en la temática de la violencia escolar. Ambas poblaciones destacaron la importancia de la familia como pilar en el desarrollo del individuo y en la obtención de límites, valores, y comunicación asertiva para desenvolverse en la sociedad y así construir una cultura de paz. Conclusión: La violencia escolar es una problemática de salud pública, por ende, el abordaje desde la Enfermería Pediátrica debe continuar, puesto que brinda conocimiento y destrezas para planificar y ejecutar programas preventivos en las poblaciones participantes.
Infecciones de vía aérea superior relacionada con el uso del biberón en la alimentación del lactante menor
Authors: Barrientos Monge Rocio
Published: January 2017

Introducción. La lactancia materna ofrece un efecto protector contra las infecciones respiratorias, principalmente de la vía aérea superior; por tanto, es necesario determinar si su sustitución por biberón afecta la incidencia de infecciones respiratorias del tracto superior.Método. Utilizando la metodología de práctica clínica basada en evidencia (PCBE), y según  las etapas fundamentales del sistema  PICO, se planteó la interrogante: en el lactante menor ¿el uso del biberón para la alimentación comparado con el amamantamiento exclusivo aumenta el riesgo de infecciones en las vías aéreas superiores? Se realizó una búsqueda de artículos en la base de datos en línea PubMed, después de establecer los criterios de inclusión y exclusión y realizar un análisis crítico se seleccionó 5 documentos que dieran respuesta a la pregunta planteada.Resultado. A partir de la  búsqueda en la base de datos Pub Med, se obtuvo  969 artículos publicados; tras depurar los resultados iniciales, se logró un total de 25 publicaciones vinculadas a estudios clínicos que abordan la relación entre lactancia materna exclusiva y la incidencia de infecciones respiratorias de vía aérea superior en el lactante menor. Finalmente, se consiguió cinco publicaciones que investigaron el uso del biberón y su posible asociación con infecciones respiratorias. La evaluación de estos estudios evidenció que su calidad es de nivel medio. Las publicaciones concluyen que hay una mayor incidencia de infecciones respiratorias de vía aérea superior en infantes lactantes menores, en los que la lactancia materna no es exclusiva, sino  mixta o  sustituida por el uso de biberón.Conclusión. Esta revisión breve de literatura muestra que existe evidencia de mediana calidad que apoya la asociación entre el uso de biberón en la alimentación y una mayor incidencia de infecciones respiratorias  de vía aérea superior en el lactante menor.
Dolor al administrar medicamento por inyección intramuscular: ventroglútea vs dorsoglútea
Authors: Carmiol Rodríguez Priscilla , Solís Cordero Katherine , Andrade Espinales Jerik , Sanabria Barahona Hanna
Published: January 2017

Introducción. La inyección intramuscular es una técnica que causa dolor e incomodidad a las personas. Con el objetivo de determinar la zona de punción menos dolorosa para la administración de medicamentos intramusculares en glúteo, se realizó una revisión de literatura en busca de la evidencia de mayor calidad. Método. Se empleó el método propuesto por el enfoque de la Práctica Clínica de Enfermería Basada en la Evidencia. Se recopiló estudios de EBSCOhost, Google, Google Académico, Cochrane Library y PubMed. Se aplicó los filtros propuestos para la selección: se sometió los dos artículos seleccionados a lectura crítica mediante la plataforma FLC 2.0 con la cual se valoró la calidad de los estudios. El riesgo de sesgo se valoró con The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias. A través del sistema de clasificación GRADE se determinó la calidad de la evidencia y la fuerza de la recomendación de la intervención.Resultado. Los artículos incluidos en el estudio respondieron parcialmente a la pregunta clínica planteada. La percepción de dolor durante la administración de inyectables en el sitio ventroglúteo es menor que en el dorsoglúteo, los hallazgos tuvieron un nivel de evidencia moderado y la fuerza de recomendación fue 1B.Conclusión. No hay evidencia contundente para preferir la elección del sitio ventroglúteo sobre el dorsoglúteo para disminuir el dolor asociado a la administración intramuscular de analgésicos antiinflamatorios, aunque el primer sitio posee mayores ventajas en comparación con el segundo.
Lactancia prolongada y desarrollo del lenguaje: una revisión de la literatura
Authors: Gittens Dixon Katty
Published: January 2017

Introducción. La lactancia materna es un proceso natural determinante para la supervivencia pero, ¿su prolongación podría perjudicar el desarrollo del lenguaje?  El objetivo es determinar la existencia de evidencia científica sobre efectos adversos o perjudiciales de la lactancia materna o natural prolongada en el desarrollo del lenguaje en infantes de dos o más años. Métodos. Se trata de una investigación secundaria en la que se revisa literatura de las siguientes bases de datos: Annual Reviews, Clinical Key, EBSCO, EBSCOHOST, Google Académico, JAMA Network, Ovid y PubMed, hasta obtener 100 artículos.  Una vez analizados y aplicados los criterios de inclusión, se seleccionó 19 documentos para dar respuesta a la pregunta PICO. Resultados. Según el diseño de los estudios, nueve de ellos presenta un nivel de evidencia II-2, ya que fueron estudios de cohortes y de estudios de casos y controles; luego, siete estuvieron constituidos por revisiones de literatura, de las cuales cuatro fueron revisiones sistemáticas; dos se califican en nivel III de evidencia pues fueron estudios descriptivos, uno mixto descriptivo y otro cualitativo  y, por último, uno estuvo constituido por un ensayo clínico que corresponde al nivel de evidencia I. Conclusiones. La lactancia materna tiene un efecto positivo sobre el desarrollo del lenguaje: existe una relación causal entre duración de la lactancia y el lenguaje receptivo y la inteligencia verbal y no verbal
Oxides, Silicides, and Silicates of Zirconium and Hafnium; Density Functional Theory Study
Authors: Gutowski Maciej , Jaffe John E. , Liu Chun-Li , Stoker Matt , Korkin Anatoli
Published: January 2017

It is known that the chemistries of hafnium and zirconium are more nearly identical than for any other two congeneric elements. Thus, both zirconia and hafnia, with the dielectric constant K > 20, have emerged as potential replacements for silica (K = 3.9) as a gate dielectric. We report an important difference between the zirconia/Si and hafnia/Si interfaces based on density functional theory calculations with the Perdew-Wang 91 exchange-correlation functional on the oxides, silicides, and silicates of Zr and Hf. The zirconia/Si interface has been found to be unstable with respect to formation of silicides whereas the hafnia/Si interface is stable. The difference between the two interfaces results from the fact that HfO2 is more stable than ZrO2 (i.e. has a larger heat of formation from its constituent elements) by more than 53 kJ/mol. The hafnium silicides, on the other hand, are less stable than zirconium silicides by ca. 20 kJ/mol.
Student attitudes towards semi-flipped classroom teaching in a pre-clinical graduate entry to medicine Physiology module
Authors: Rae Mark G. , O'Malley Dervla
Published: January 2017

This article was migrated. The article was not marked as recommended. Objectives: Several studies have demonstrated that 'flipped classroom' teaching can significantly enhance student learning. However, there is still relatively little evidence of its successful deployment with regard to the teaching of medical students generally or, more specifically, on accelerated degree programmes such as graduate entry to medicine (GEM). Therefore, we sought to determine the quantitative and qualitative effects of 'semi-flipped classroom' teaching within a respiratory physiology component of a first year GEM module. Methods: Students were asked to view vodcasts of lecture material prior to attending each of 6 live lectures within the module under study. Class time was then utilised for students to apply their new knowledge either by answering questions or through discussion. Students views of semi-flipped teaching were obtained upon completion of the module via an attitudinal survey. Additionally, student performance in three different exam formats were assessed a control GEM cohort who had completed the same physiology component the year before. Results: Exam performance did significantly improve relative to the previous GEM 1 cohort in two of the three exam formats used, but this improvement may have been due to other factors. However, survey data revealed that this mode of teaching was not popular with the majority of the students due to a perceived increase in workload upon an already heavy study load. Conclusions: Semi-flipped teaching as deployed here does not seem ideally suited to this particular cohort of medical students due to the extremely compressed and intensive nature of their course.
Predicting the sequent depth ratio of a B-F hydraulic jump on a river-bed rock chute
Authors: Shokrian Hajibehzad Manoochehr , Shafai Bejestan Mahmood
Published: January 2017

Rock chutes are widely used to control erosion of river beds because of their high energy loss, low environmental impact, simple construction and low cost. They typically include a negatively sloped stilling basin, which leads to formation of a little-understood ‘B-F’ hydraulic jump. This has its toe located on the upstream positive slope of the chute and its roller length ending on the downstream negative slope of the stilling basin. In this study, a general equation for computing the sequent depth ratio of a B-F jump was developed using Buckingham dimensional analysis and the incomplete self-similarity theorem. A new non-dimensional parameter, E0, including the effects of the jump toe and the location of the end of the roller length, was introduced. Laboratory experiments of B-F hydraulic jumps were conducted for a wide range of upstream Froude numbers, relative bed roughness, three different upstream channel slopes and three different negative downstream channel slopes. The sequent depth ratio on rough rocky beds was found to be considerably smaller than those on a smooth concrete bed. Two new prediction equations, for smooth and rough bed slopes, are presented and the results show that the predictions agree reasonably well with the experimental data.
Mujeres en el activismo político. Resonancias biográficas del movimiento del 68
Authors: Olivier Guadalupe , Tamayo Sergio
Published: January 2017

En este artículo se reconstruyen historias de vida de dos activistas que se iniciaron en los movimientos sociales, como uno de los efectos del movimiento estudiantil de 1968. A través de la utilización de las categorías: resonancias históricas y biográficas del activismo, como unidades de análisis, establecemos un proceso de comparación de historias de vida con perspectiva de género. Destacamos la noción de disponibilidad personal (personal availability) propuesta por McAdam (1988), por medio de la definición de etapas históricas, derivadas de las principales luchas sociales del país, donde las activistas participaron, se formaron como líderes y cuadros políticos intermedios, influyendo en sus organizaciones y los movimientos donde participaron. Las resonancias biográficas de su activismo les permitieron reclutar a otros(as) participantes, influir en sus visiones del mundo, inspirar nuevas estrategias de resistencia y contribuir al impacto de otros(as) activistas en su lucha.
FAVELAS DO RIO DE JANEIRO: HISTÓRIA E DIREITO
Authors: Palermo Luis Claudio
Published: January 2017

Resenha do livro: GONÇALVES, Rafael Soares. Favelas do Rio de Janeiro: História e Direito. Rio de Janeiro: Pallas, Ed. PUC-Rio, 2013.
Estrutura ocupacional, classes sociais e desigualdade racial no Brasil: uma comparação intrínseca com os EUA
Authors: Neves Jorge Alexandre Barbosa , Xavier Flavia Pereira
Published: January 2017

As interações entre  Capital Humano e Status Socioeconômico da Ocupação com  a Raça  em  Funções de  Determinação de  Rendimentos do  Trabalho no Brasil  têm sido  reportadas por  diferentes pesquisadores. Entretanto, no caso brasileiro, todas as análises têm sido  baseadas em estimações de Modelos de Mínimos Quadrados Ordinários (MQO). De forma  a melhor estimar as intera- ções entre  Estrutura Ocupacional e Raça em funções de rendimento no Brasil, de forma  comparativa com uma  análise realizada nos EUA, utilizamos dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios de 1996 (PNAD-1996) para a estimação de Modelos Hierárquicos Lineares de dois  Níveis  (MHL-2). Nossos resultados indicam a relevância do uso de categorias de classe  para o entendi- mento das interações propostas.
La Transaccion de los Alimentos Domesticos. El régimen de familiaridad como forma de coordinación económica
Authors: Schiavoni Gabriela
Published: January 2017

Este  artículo describe las  características del  régimen de  familiaridad, como forma de coordinación económica tomando como ejemplo la comercialización de los alimentos de la pequeña agricultura, en la provincia de Misiones (Arg.). Las transacciones de los alimentos, antes  destinados exclusivamente al con- sumo  familiar, permiten analizar la transformación de los lazos  particulares del mundo doméstico en una  capacidad de agencia más general expresada en la puesta en equivalencia monetaria y en la conformación de colectivos.
PERAN AYAH DALAM KEBERHASILAN PROGRAM INISIASI MENYUSUI DINI (IMD) PADA BAYI YANG LAHIR SECARA SECTIO CESARIA
Authors: Retno Sestu , Nursalam Nursalam Nursalam , Santoso Budi Santoso , Rachmat Rachmat Rachmat
Published: January 2017

ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Persalinan secara Sectio Cesaria (SC) merupakan salah satu kendala untuk melakukan Inisiasi Menyusui Dini (IMD).  Kesiapan ibu yang baru melahirkan untuk memberikan ASInya pada bayi yang baru dilahirkan memerlukan adanya persiapan karena ibu mengalami perubahan peran. Pencapaian peran ibu bisa berhasil bila ibu menjadi dekat dengan bayinya dan mendapatkan dukungan dari suami. Peran suami dalam pelaksanaan IMD adalah sangat penting. Keterlibatan suami dalam pelaksanaan IMD ini meliputi pemberian dukungan dan interaksi. Suami merupakan orang terdekat bagi ibu menyusui yang diharapkan selalu ada di sisi ibu dan selalu siap memberi bantuan. Jika ibu mendapatkan kepercayaan diri dan mendapat dukungan penuh dari suami, motivasi ibu untuk menyusui akan meningkat.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keterlibatan suami mendampingi istri bersalin secara SC dalam pelaksanaan IMD. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian eksplanatif observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional, bertujuan menggumpulkan data responden untuk menjawab issu strategis yang sedang terjadi, yang menyebabkan ibu post SC tidak melaksanakan IMD. Responden sejumlah 282 ibu post SC yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Tempat penelitian ini dilakukan di  ruang operasi (OK)  kebidanan rumah sakit Tipe B, yaitu RSUD Jombang dan RSUD Sogaten Madiun. Hasil: Hasil pengujian secara bersama terdapat pengaruh  dari variabel dukungan suami  dan interaksi suami  terhadap pelaksanaan IMD. Hasil pengujian secara individu terhadap variabel dukungan suami  terdapat pengaruh  terhadap pelaksanaan IMD, sedangkan pada variabel interaksi suami tidak terdapat pengaruh terhadap pelaksanaan IMD.  Pelaksanaan IMD dipengaruhi oleh dukungan suami sebesar 3,7%. Diskusi: Ibu yang didukung suami lebih termotivasi untuk melaksanakan IMD kepada bayinya.Kata kunci: persalinan sectio cesaria, Inisiasi Menyusui Dini (IMD)
The Effects of Traditional East Java Indonesia Sirep on Cortisol Level, IFN- and IL-10 in Folk Home Elderly Disturbed Sleep Needs
Authors: Haryanto Joni
Published: January 2017

Background: Sirep, is one of the traditional intervention of people in East Java Indonesia, especially Tengger tribe using spells to meet the needs of human sleep. In context Indonesia, Elderly is human being aged 60 years and older who experience sleep disturbances fulfillment. Furthermore, sirep as immunomodulator effect on levels of cortisol, IFN-gRα and IL-10 is still unknown in nursing perspective.Method: The population of this study were 70 elderly with the number ofrespondents were 43 elderly. They were divided into two groups that are (1) 23 elderly with 6-month sirep intervention (mean age, 69.6 ± 5.2 years) as an experiment group, and  (2) 20 elderly as control group (65.8 ± 5.4 years). The need of sleep is implemented to Evaluate the sample of immune modulation, cortisol levels, IFN-gRα  and IL-10. The molecular biology of the samples was determined using  ELISA analysis. The statistical analysis of the data used Determine ANOVA and t-test.Results: After the 6 -month intervention, there re is significant changes in serum cortisol levels (p = 0.0001) and a different test with a control intervention was also significant (p = 0.00 1 3). Significant changes in serumlevels of IFN-gRα  is (p = 0.0003) and a different test with a control intervention is also significant (p = 0.016 4), while the change in the levels of IL-10 in serum is significant (p = 0.0003) and test different intervention with no significant control (p = 0.1143).Conclusion: This study supports the hypothesis that sirepcan improve immune modulator in elderly. However, immune modulator showed a slight improvement in the nursing intervention of sirep group, suggesting that a longer or more frequent sessions of intervention might have an effect..
PENDAMPINGAN IBU HAMIL TRIMESTER III MENINGKATKAN PRAKTEK PEMBERIAN ASI DAN STATUS GIZI BALITA 0-4 BULAN
Authors: Yuwono Slamet Riyadi , Taufiqurrahman Taufiqurrahman _ , Sulendri Ni Ketut Sri
Published: January 2017

ABSTRAKHasil Riskesdas 2010 menunjukkan bahwa Cakupan tertinggi terdapat pada bayi  kelompok umur 0 bulan (39,8 %)  dan terendah pada bayi dengan kelompok umur 5 bulan  (15,3 %). Prevalensi balita stunting (pendek+sangat pendek)  di propinsi NTB adalah 43,7% Angka tersebut berada di atas angka nasional (36,5%), dan secara umum masalah balita stunting (pendek+sangat pendek) di provinsi NTB  masih cukup tinggi karena memiliki prevalensi di atas 20%.         Untuk itu peneliti melakukan penelitian untuk mencari model pendampingan yang tepat,sebaagai         salah satu upaya untuk mengatasi  masalah status giziDisain penelitiannya adalah rancangan penelitian Eksperimen Sederhana dengan jenispost-test only control group design. Penelitian akan dilaksankan di Madiun-Jawa Timur dan Mataram-NTB, mulai April s/d Oktober 2015.Ada perbedaan yang signifikan praktek pemberian ASI eksklusif dari ibu yang mendapatkan pendampingan dengan metode home visit dengan ibu yang tidak mendapat pendampingan. Bayi dari ibu yang mendapatkan pendampingan mempunyai peluang/kesempatan untuk menyusui ASI saja sebesar 9,333 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan bayi dari ibu yang tidak mendapat pendampingan. Z-score balita dari ibu yang mendapat pendampingan mempunyai nilai sedikit lebih tinggi dibandingkan yang tidak mendapat pendampingan, namun secara statistik tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan status gizi balita 0-3 bulan dari kedua kelompok. Sehubungan dengan hasil tersebut direkomenadasikan untuk menggunakan model pendampingan “home visit pada ibu hamil trimester 3” agar praktek pemberian ASI eksklusif meningkat. Kata Kunci :Pendampingan Ibu Hamil Trimester III, Home Visit,ASI, Status Gizi
The Spin-Spin Interaction Mechanism between Quarks and Its Impact on the Mass Spectrum of Mesons
Authors: Roza Engel
Published: January 2017

A structure-based view on mesons is given, based upon the concept of an archetype quark, described as a pointlike source producing an energy flux, the spatial description of which is derived from the functional description of the Higgs field. This enables to conceive the archetype meson (pion) as a structure that behaves as a one-body anharmonic quantum mechanical oscillator. All mesons appear being excitations of the archetype, thereby allowing a calculation of the mass spectrum without the use of empirical parameters for the masses of the quark flavors. This includes a physically comprehensible analysis of the spin-spin interaction between quarks. It also provides a solution for the eta-etaprime puzzle. Next to this, it is shown that quite some particles that are presently regarded as elementary, have a common root and can be traced back to a few archetypes only.
Practice-Based Evidence in Community Guide Systematic Reviews
Authors: Vaidya Namita , Thota Anilkrishna B. , Proia Krista K. , Jamieson Sara , Mercer Shawna L. , Elder Randy W. , Yoon Paula , Kaufmann Rachel , Zaza Stephanie
Published: January 2017

Objectives. To assess the relative contributions and quality of practice-based evidence (PBE) and research-based evidence (RBE) in The Guide to Community Preventive Services (The Community Guide).

Methods. We developed operational definitions for PBE and RBE in which the main distinguishing feature was whether allocation of participants to intervention and comparison conditions was under the control of researchers (RBE) or not (PBE). We conceptualized a continuum between RBE and PBE. We then categorized 3656 studies in 202 reviews completed since The Community Guide began in 1996.

Results. Fifty-four percent of studies were PBE and 46% RBE. Community-based and policy reviews had more PBE. Health care system and programmatic reviews had more RBE. The majority of both PBE and RBE studies were of high quality according to Community Guide scoring methods.

Conclusions. The inclusion of substantial PBE in Community Guide reviews suggests that evidence of adequate rigor to inform practice is being produced. This should increase stakeholders’ confidence that The Community Guide provides recommendations with real-world relevance. Limitations in some PBE studies suggest a need for strengthening practice-relevant designs and external validity reporting standards.
Big Food’s Ambivalence: Seeking Profit and Responsibility for Health
Authors: Tempels Tjidde , Verweij Marcel , Blok Vincent
Published: January 2017

In this article, we critically reflect on the responsibilities that the food industry has for public health. Although food companies are often significant contributors to public health problems (e.g., obesity, type 2 diabetes), the mere possibility of corporate responsibility for public health seems to be excluded in the academic public health discourse.

We argue that the behavior of several food companies reflects a split corporate personality, as they contribute to public health problems and simultaneously engage in activities to prevent them.

By understanding responsibility for population health as a shared responsibility, we reassess the moral role of the food industry from a forward-looking perspective on responsibility and ask what food companies can and should do to promote health.
The Effect of Minimum Wages on Adolescent Fertility: A Nationwide Analysis
Authors: Bullinger Lindsey Rose
Published: January 2017

Objectives. To investigate the effect of minimum wage laws on adolescent birth rates in the United States.

Methods. I used a difference-in-differences approach and vital statistics data measured quarterly at the state level from 2003 to 2014. All models included state covariates, state and quarter-year fixed effects, and state-specific quarter-year nonlinear time trends, which provided plausibly causal estimates of the effect of minimum wage on adolescent birth rates.

Results. A $1 increase in minimum wage reduces adolescent birth rates by about 2%. The effects are driven by non-Hispanic White and Hispanic adolescents.

Conclusions. Nationwide, increasing minimum wages by $1 would likely result in roughly 5000 fewer adolescent births annually.
Divergent Trends in US Maternity and Paternity Leave, 1994–2015
Authors: Zagorsky Jay L.
Published: January 2017

Objectives. To determine the number and type of US workers taking maternity or paternity leave.

Methods. We created a publicly available ecological long-term series for measuring parental leave from 1994 to 2015 by using the Current Population Survey, which interviews about 60 000 randomly selected households monthly.

Results. The average month from 1994 to 2015 saw 273 000 women and 13 000 men on maternity or paternity leave. Maternity leave rates per 10 000 births showed no trend over 22 years (mean = 677.6). Paternity figures increased by a factor of 3, but started from a small base (14.7–54.6). We observed no national impact on maternity or paternity leave after implementation of state laws that provided paid leave. About half (51.1%) of employees on maternity or paternity leave during 2015 received paid time off. The typical woman on maternity leave was older, more likely married, more likely non-Hispanic White, and more educated than the typical woman who gave birth.

Conclusions. Although the US economy has expanded dramatically since 1994, this improvement does not appear to have translated into more women taking maternity leave.
EARLY WARNING SYSTEM AND CURRENCY VOLATILITY MANAGEMENT IN EMERGING MARKET
Authors: S Natasia Engeline , Matondang Salomo Posmauli
Published: January 2017

This paper adopts theoretical models from Candelon, Dumitrescu, and Hurlin and empirical model from Commerzbank to devise a set of indicators that can serve as an early warning system (EWS) on exchange rate. In light of the appreciation of emerging countries’ currencies during the Fed quantitative easing period, it is important to understand on how The Fed normalization would put pressure on managing volatility for central banks, especially for countries with large trade and fiscal deficit such as Indonesia. All in all, using both EWS models, central banks could discern potential exchange rate depreciation for intervention purpose.
Corn Residue Use by Livestock in the United States
Authors: Schmer Marty R. , Brown Rachael M. , Jin Virginia L. , Mitchell Robert B. , Redfearn Daren D.
Published: January 2017

Core Ideas

USDA‐ERS surveyed 2250 producers from 19 states on corn residue grazing and mechanical harvests in 2010.

Approximately 4.06 million ha was grazed by 11.7 million head of livestock.

Approximately 0.81 million ha of corn residue was mechanically harvested in 2010.

Corn residue is a significant resource for integrated crop–livestock systems in the western Corn Belt.

Corn (Zea mays L.) residue grazing or harvest provides a simple and economical practice to integrate crops and livestock, but limited information is available on how widespread corn residue utilization is practiced by US producers. In 2010, the USDA Economic Research Service surveyed producers from 19 states on corn grain and residue management practices. Total corn residue grazed or harvested was 4.87 million ha. Approximately 4.06 million ha was grazed by 11.7 million livestock (primarily cattle) in 2010. The majority of grazed corn residue occurred in Nebraska (1.91 million ha), Iowa (385,000 ha), South Dakota (361,000 ha), and Kansas (344,000 ha). Average grazing days ranged from 10 to 73 d (mean = 40 d). Corn residue harvests predominantly occurred in the central and northern Corn Belt, with an estimated 2.9 Tg of corn residue harvested across the 19 states. This survey highlights the importance of corn residue for US livestock, particularly in the western Corn Belt.
Soil Water Effect on Root Activity, Root Weight Density, and Grain Yield in Winter Wheat
Authors: Wu Yin , Wang Hezhou , Yang Xiwen , Meng Zhaojiang , He Dexian
Published: January 2017

Soil water has a significant effect on root characteristics, influencing overall growth. Understanding the optimal timing, depth, and volume of irrigation is important. Two years of field experiments were conducted to determine the effect of soil water content on root activity, root weight density, and yield in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Six water treatments (W) were applied: W1 [35–45% field water capacity (FC)], W2 (45–55% FC), W3 (55–65% FC), W4 (65–75% FC), W5 (75–85% FC), and W6 (85–95% FC). Soil samples were collected at depths of 0 to 20 cm (Layer 1, L1), 20 to 40 cm (Layer 2, L2), and 40 to 60 cm (Layer 3, L3) at 58, 110, 147, 177, 199, 206, and 217 d after sowing (DAS). Irrigation to maintain soil water content at 65 to 75% FC resulted in the highest root activity and root weight density, with the highest value at 177 DAS (flowering). Root activity and root weight density were highest in L2. Growth stage and soil water had a significant effect on root activity and root weight density; soil layer also had a significant effect on root weight density. Root activity and root weight density were closely related to grain yield. Associations with grain yield showed a stronger relationship with yield at later rather than early stages. The findings suggest that the optimal irrigation to promote root activity and root weight density in wheat was 65 to 75% of FC at 20 to 40 cm.
Saturated Genetic Mapping of Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus Resistance Gene Wsm2 in Wheat
Authors: Assanga Silvano , Zhang Guorong , Tan Chor‐Tee , Rudd Jackie C. , Ibrahim Amir , Xue Qingwu , Chao Shiaoman , Fuentealba Maria P. , Liu Shuyu
Published: January 2017

In the U.S. Great Plains and other parts of the world, Wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV) disease is one of the most important biotic stresses affecting wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) productivity. Breeding for wheat cultivars with resistance provides a socioeconomic and environmentally sustainable approach for combating WSMV. The use of markers as a proxy for quantitative and qualitative traits is widely applied in crop improvement programs. Among the available markers, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are routinely used in plant breeding programs to distinguish potentially superior genotypes with genetic merit for traits of interest. In this study, we used the 90K Illumina Infinium iSelect SNP assay to tag the Wsm2 gene in a set of 152 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from the cross between CO960293–2 and TAM 111. The RILs were evaluated twice for WSMV resistance in the growth chambers. A dense linkage map with coverage of 2079.5 cM was constructed. The Wsm2 gene was mapped on chromosome 3BS. A total of eight SNPs flanking Wsm2 were mapped within 1.0 cM. These tightly linked SNPs could be useful for marker‐assisted selection for WSMV resistance.
Diversified No‐Till Crop Rotation Reduces Nitrous Oxide Emissions, Increases Soybean Yields, and Promotes Soil Carbon Accrual
Authors: Lehman R. Michael , Osborne Shannon L. , Duke Sara E.
Published: January 2017

Core Ideas

Diversification of established no‐till, rain‐fed crop rotations was examined.

Mean daily N2O fluxes were 24% lower in 4‐yr vs. 2‐yr rotation.

Both no‐till rotations (2‐yr and 4‐yr) accrued soil C over this time span.

4‐yr rotation accrued soil C earlier and deeper than 2‐yr rotation.

Soybean yields were 22% higher in 4‐yr vs. 2‐yr rotation.

The effect of crop rotational diversity on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions has been explored in several studies, although rarely have measurements been made on whole rotations consisting of two or more crops. We evaluated the impact of crop rotational diversity on GHG emissions, soil organic carbon (SOC), and crop yields over a 4‐yr period in eastern South Dakota, USA. Under no‐till, rain‐fed conditions, a 2‐yr (corn [Zea mays L.]–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]) rotation and a 4‐yr rotation (corn‐field peas [Pisum sativum L.]–winter wheat [Triticum aestivum L.]–soybean) were established in a randomized, complete block design (each crop present each year) 8 yr prior to the current study. Average daily N2O fluxes were 24% lower (P = 0.0313) for the 4‐yr rotation (2.34 ± 0.56 g N2O‐N ha–1d–1) compared with the 2‐yr rotation (3.06 ± 0.59 g N2O‐N ha–1d–1). Significantly elevated N2O flux peaks were observed in June of every year and every phase of the 2‐yr rotation, but only in one of 4 yr (corn phase) in the 4‐yr rotation. There was no significant difference in average daily CH4 flux between the two rotations. Over this 4‐yr period, SOC increased in the 0‐ to 15‐cm depth interval for the 2‐yr rotation, but increased in both the 0‐ to 15‐ and 15‐ to 30‐cm depth intervals for the 4‐yr rotation. Corn yields (6.75 Mg ha–1) did not differ between the two rotations. However, the yield of soybean in the 4‐yr rotation (2.87 Mg ha–1) was 22% greater (P = 0.0001) than soybean within the 2‐yr rotation (2.35 Mg ha–1). Diversified rotations can decrease N2O emissions, increase or accelerate SOC gains, distribute soil C gains deeper in the soil profile, and boost soybean yield.
JOB SATISFACTION AMONG EMPLOYEES OF SUN PHARMA- WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO UNIT II, SIKKIM
Authors: Dong Prasansha , Vishal Ravi Shekhar , Muthupandian B.
Published: January 2017

India’s pharmaceutical market accounts for about 1.4 percent of the global pharmaceutical industry in value terms and 10 percent in volume terms. Sun Pharma is a leading and India’s top pharmaceutical company. The following study tries to study the job satisfaction of employees of Sun Pharmaceuticals Industries Ltd with reference to Sikkim state and to identify the factors which influence the job satisfaction of employees. The study relies on primary data collected from employees of Sun Pharma, Sikkim with the help of well-designed questionnaire. Total sample size is of 120 respondents using convenience sampling method. The first part of the questionnaire consists of questions related to personal information on age, gender, qualification, marital status, duration of work and department. The second part of questionnaire consists of thirty-six statements which are evenly distributed in points and Five Point Likert Scale has been applied for the same. After collection of primary data, it has been entered in SPSS 18.0 for statistical analyses. The study has used simple percentage and averages for the simple probing into the topic. Factor analysis has been used to determine the 14 variables. Various test like Independent T-test, One-way ANOVA were used to test the job satisfaction of respondents and to meet the objective of the study. The study revealed that there is not much difference among the job satisfaction of employees in Sun Pharma.
A STUDY TO IDENTIFY FURTHER UPGRADATION OF IT TO SUPPORT PROCUREMENT PROCESS
Authors: Patel Prakash Kumar Hasmukhbhai , Kumar Satendra , Khajuria Rajesh
Published: January 2017

Electronic procurement (E-Procuremrnt) was touted as revolutionizing the supply chain and offering organizations a vast number of advantages. Such hype has caused business to focus on the supply function to a greater extent than in the past. The savings promised were too good not to consider and many organizations needed to make these savings to stay competitive.The purpose of the research is to study the further up gradation of Information Technology (IT) to support the procurement process and to identify the significant difference of further up gradation of Information Technology (IT) to support the procurement process across industry, Size and Ownership of the firm. The current study is a descriptive study, for which, primary data were collected through structured questionnaire with the help of personal survey method. The sampling unit is an Executive and/or a Manager concerned with Procurement activities of an organisation. The sampling technique adopted for the survey is non-probability convenience sampling technique. In this study, researchers used SPSS 20 to analyze the data and using nonparametric statistics. There is a significant difference of further up gradation of Information Technology (IT) to support the procurement process across industry, Size and Ownership of the firm.
EST y la importancia de las ciudades
Authors: Garrocho Rangel Carlos Félix
Published: January 2017

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Análisis de la demanda residencial de electricidad en el Estado de México
Authors: Ortiz-Velázquez Jorge Alberto , Bueno Graciela , Arana-Coronado José Jaime
Published: January 2017

Bajo la coyuntura de la reforma energética de 2013 se realizó un análisis la demanda residencial de energía eléctrica en el Estado de México. Se utilizaron los métodos de cointegración de Johansen y de vector de corrección de errores. Se concluyó que los beneficios que pretende obtener la reforma energética mediante una disminución en el precio del servicio eléctrico serán mayores en la medida que los precios del servicio del agua y de los bienes durables disminuyan, o se mantengan constantes. En el largo plazo, aumentos en el ingreso de la población y del número de usuarios incrementarán la demanda por electricidad.
Pemodelan Generator Uap Berbasis Jaringan Saraf Tiruan dengan Algoritme Pelatihan BPGD-ALAM
Authors: Annisa Fadhlia , Eko Putra Agfianto
Published: January 2017

Steam generator is unit plant which has nonlinear and complex system with multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) configuration which is hard to be modeled. Whereas, steam generator model is very useful to create simulation such as operator training simulator (OTS). The purpose of this research is to obtain model of steam generator which has 8 output parameters and 9 input parameters based neural network (NN) with BPGD-ALAM training algorithm. Data had been taken from steam generator of PT. Chevron Pacific Indonesia, Duri and it is divided into three types, i.e training data, validation data and testing data. Training data was used to obtain model for each ouput through training process. Verification model is also done for each epoch using validation data to monitor training process whether overfitting occurs or not. Eight NN model of each output which is obtained from training and verification, is tested using testing data for getting its performance. From the reseach results, architecture of neural network models are obtained with various configuration for each output with RMSE value under 9.71 %. It shows that model which has been obtained, close with steam generator real system.