bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Downstream Imaging Studies Do Not Significantly Improve Outcome in Most Patients with Chest Pain Who Did Not Reach Their Target Heart Rate on a Stress ECHO Study
Authors: Henkin Nativ , Karilker Ifat , Kobal Sergio L. , Golan Rachel , Shalev Aryeh , Atar Shaul , Henkin Yaakov
Published: July 2023

Echocardiographic stress tests are often used to evaluate patients who complain of chest pain. However, some patients fail to reach the target heart rate required for the test to be conclusive (usually defined as 85% of the predicted maximal heart rate based on the patient’s age) and are often sent for additional imaging tests, such as myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) or cardiac computed tomography angiography (CTA). Few studies have evaluated the effectiveness of these additional tests in patients who present with chest pain but did not meet the heart rate requirements for a stress test. The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of additional imaging tests for patients who experience chest pain during daily activities but are unable to reach the target heart rate currently required for an echocardiographic stress test. The study group included 415 consecutive patients who underwent a stress echocardiogram, did not achieve their target heart rate, and did not demonstrate abnormal changes during the test. The control group consisted of 415 consecutive patients who did reach their target heart rate and demonstrated no signs of ischemia. Demographic and clinical data, medication use, imaging test results (MPI, CTA, and/or coronary catheterization) and documented cardiac events that occurred during 1 year of follow-up were obtained from the electronic medical records. Of the 415 patients in the study group, 73 (17.6%) were referred to another imaging test within 12 months. Of these 73 patients, 59 underwent MPI and 14 underwent cardiac CTA. In 12 of these patients (16.4%) the test was considered to be abnormal, but only 7 patients (1.7%) subsequently underwent a percutaneous intervention (PCI). In the control group, 28 (6.7%) patients were referred for another imaging test. Of these 28 patients, 14 underwent MPI and 14 underwent cardiac CTA. None of these tests were found to be abnormal, but two patients (0.5%) underwent a PCI (p = 0.2 between groups). There were no deaths during the study period and no patients underwent bypass surgery. The majority of the patients who underwent PCI had additional clinical risk factors (diabetes, hypertension, and/or known coronary artery disease), had taken a beta blocker within 24 h prior to the test, and/or did not reach a heart rate above 78% of their target heart rate. Our study suggests that in most patients with chest pain who do not show ischemic changes on a stress echocardiogram, additional imaging studies can be safely deferred, even if the required target heart rate was not reached. However, in patients with diabetes and/or known coronary disease, those who took a beta blocker 24 h prior to the test, or those who did not achieve a heart rate above 78% of the current target heart rate, additional imaging studies should be considered.
Free-Flap Reconstruction in Early-Stage Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity—A Prospective Monocentric Trial to Evaluate Oncological Outcome and Quality of Life
Authors: Moratin Julius , Zittel Sven , Horn Dominik , Behnisch Rouven , Ristow Oliver , Engel Michael , Hoffmann Jürgen , Freier Kolja , Freudlsperger Christian
Published: July 2023

Surgery is generally accepted as standard treatment in oral cancer, but the reconstructive procedures remain a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to evaluate oncological outcome and quality of life following surgical resection and free-flap reconstruction in patients with early oral squamous cell carcinoma. The presented trial was performed as a prospective, single-center observation study. Inclusion criteria were primary surgery in early-stage oral squamous cell carcinoma with free-flap reconstruction. Endpoints were overall and progression-free survival and quality of life up to 24 months after surgery. Twenty-six patients were included. Overall survival was 100% and progression-free survival was 92.3% in a maximum follow-up time of 21 months. Global quality of life showed no significant alteration after surgery. Patients reported a significant reduction in pain (p = 0.048) and a decreasing impairment of speech one year after surgery (p = 0.021). Free-flap reconstruction is a safe procedure that results in excellent oncological outcome and quality of life. Functional outcome is of high relevance in early-stage tumors of the head and neck and may mostly be affected by reconstructive procedures. Therefore, a prospective evaluation to explore success and the effects of surgical therapy is highly warranted.
Tirbanibulin 1% Ointment Significantly Reduces the Actinic Keratosis Area and Severity Index in Patients with Actinic Keratosis: Results from a Real-World Study
Authors: Kirchberger Michael Constantin , Gfesser Michael , Erdmann Michael , Schliep Stefan , Berking Carola , Heppt Markus Vincent
Published: July 2023

Background: Actinic keratosis (AK) is a cutaneous lesion resulting from the proliferation of atypical epidermal keratinocytes caused by long-term exposure to ultraviolet radiation. AK may progress to cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) and therefore is often treated with topical agents such as 5-fluorouracil, diclofenac, imiquimod, and photodynamic therapy. Tirbanibulin has been approved based on two phase III trials in the USA. However, real-world evidence for tirbanibulin is absent. Methods: This was a single-centre study of adult patients with clinically typical, visible AK on the face or scalp treated with tirbanibulin 1% ointment. Treatment was administered as per label once daily for 5 consecutive days on the same lesions or field. Treatment outcomes were assessed 4 weeks after treatment, with additional optional assessments conducted at later time points. Efficacy was measured using the actinic keratosis area and severity index (AKASI) and digital dermoscopy. Results: A total of 33 patients were treated of whom 30 were analysed. The median AKASI score was 5.6 (1.4–11) pre-treatment and 1.2 (0–7.4) post-treatment (p < 0.0001). Complete clearance as defined by AKASI scores less than 1 was achieved in 47% (n = 14) and 57% (n = 13) at the first and second follow-up, respectively. All local reactions resolved spontaneously and without sequelae. The most common local reactions were erythema (80%, n = 26) and flaking or scaling (43%, n = 13). Conclusions: Tirbanibulin 1% ointment significantly and rapidly reduced the AKASI score in a real-world setting. The complete clearance rates were in line with those observed in the two pivotal trials.
Analysis of Peripapillary Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness in Acute Anterior Uveitis among Children with HLA-B27-Positive Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Authors: Świerczyńska Marta , Tronina Agnieszka , Filipek Erita
Published: July 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the thickness of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) in children with a diagnosis of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) who were positive for human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B27, treated for the first episode of unilateral acute anterior uveitis (AAU). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 41 children (aged 5 to 14 years; mean age 8.32 ± 2.4 years) with HLA-B27 positivity and unilateral JIA-AAU, and 40 healthy children. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging was performed during active inflammation and subsequent noninflammatory phases (6 months after the resolution of inflammatory symptoms in the anterior segment of the eye). Results: There was a marked difference in mean pRNFL thickness between eyes with AU in the active phase, unaffected fellow eyes and the control group (110.22 ± 5.95 μm, 102.39 ± 4.39 μm and 95.83 ± 8.84 μm, respectively; p < 0.001). The thickness of pRNFL in eyes with AU in the active phase in all sectors was greater compared to unaffected fellow eyes (p < 0.001) and normal eyes (p < 0.001). In addition, it was demonstrated that pRNFL thickness was significantly increased in the superior and temporal sectors in the unaffected fellow eyes compared to the control group (128.73 ± 13.16 μm vs. 121.48 ± 13.35 μm and 71.37 ± 4.02 μm vs. 64.98 ± 9.12 μm, respectively). Even during the inactive phase, eyes with AU, compared to the healthy control group, had significantly greater pRNFL thickness in the inferior sector (129.78 ± 11.98 μm vs. 122.3 ± 14.59 μm; p = 0.018), along with the temporal sector (70.88 ± 5.48 μm vs. 64.98 ± 9.12 μm; p = 0.001). Conclusions: An increase in pRNFL thickness in children with unilateral JIA-AAU who were positive for HLA-B27 antigen can be observed in both eyes compared to healthy controls, and this change may persist even after the inflammatory symptoms have resolved. Measurements of pRNFL thickness resulting from JIA-AU-associated glaucoma should be performed during quiescent periods to avoid subclinical changes in pRNFL thickness caused by inflammation. However, when reviewing the results, it should be noted that changes in pRNFL parameters may be present despite evidence of a resolution of inflammation.
Current Management of Highly Calcified Coronary Lesions: An Overview of the Current Status
Authors: Caiazzo Gianluca , Di Mario Carlo , Kedhi Elvin , De Luca Giuseppe
Published: July 2023

The amount of coronary calcium strongly correlates with the degree of atherosclerosis and, therefore, with the rate of future cardiac events. Calcified coronary lesions still represent a challenge for interventional cardiologists, bringing not only a higher risk of immediate complications during percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), but also a higher risk of late stent failure due to under-expansion and/or malapposition, and therefore, have a relevant prognostic impact. Accurate identification of the calcified plaques together with the analysis of their distribution pattern within the vessel wall by intracoronary imaging is important to improve the successful treatment of these lesions. The aim of this review is to guide readers through the assessment of the calcified plaque distribution using intracoronary imaging in order to select the best devices and strategies for plaque debulking and lesion preparation.
Diagnosis, Treatment and Prognosis of Mesonephric Adenocarcinoma of the Vagina: A Literature Review and a Case Report
Authors: Ferrari Federico , Omodei Andrea , Ferrari Filippo , Soleymani Majd Hooman , Ardighieri Laura , Vitale Salvatore , Laganà Antonio , Angioni Stefano , Ciravolo Giuseppe , Odicino Franco
Published: July 2023

Background: Mesonephric adenocarcinoma (MA) of the vagina is a rare tumor that arises from mesonephric remnants (Wolffian) in the female genital tract. It is a neoplasm with no significant evidence about its diagnosis, treatment, follow-up and prognosis. Methods: Systematic research of the literature was conducted in Scopus, PubMed/MEDLINE, ScienceDirect and the Cochrane Library, including observational prospective and retrospective studies, case series and case reports. We collected data regarding studies related to diagnosis and treatment options evaluating the following aspects: study design, population, treatment type, rate of surgical complications and fertility outcome. We further included a case report of laparoscopic management of MA with pictorial assays. Results: Thirteen cases of MA of the vagina are available in the literature, including our case report. The median age at diagnosis was 52 years old; the majority of patients reported vaginal bleeding as a symptom (38%); and ultrasound, followed by a magnetic resonance and CT scan were the diagnostic tools most used. In 54% of the cases, a surgical biopsy was performed, and 92% of the patients underwent upfront surgery with an open access or vaginal resection except one case fully managed by minimally invasive surgery. Most of the patients (68%) received adjuvant treatment with chemotherapy or radiotherapy or a combination of them. The mean follow-up period was 6 years. Conclusions: Despite the rarity of this cancer and bizarre location, a minimally invasive approach seems feasible after multidisciplinary evaluation. According to the rarity of this tumor, any future case and follow-up data must be reported in the literature in order to enlarge the knowledge about it.
Efficacy and Safety of New B Cell-Targeted Biologic Agent for the Treatment of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Gómez-Urquiza José L. , Romero-Bejar José L. , Chami-Peña Sara , Suleiman-Martos Nora , Cañadas-De la Fuente Guillermo A. , Molina Esther , Riquelme-Gallego Blanca
Published: July 2023

Background: B cells are central to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We aimed to analyze the efficacy and safety of new B cell-targeted drug therapies for SLE. Methods: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and reference lists of relevant articles published from inception to 2022 were selected from PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases. Random effects meta-analyses were performed to estimate an overall effect size for the risk of adverse events (AEs) and serious adverse events (SAEs) with belimumab and tabalumab treatment. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I2 statistic and meta-regression. Funnel asymmetry was evaluated using Egger’s test. Results: This study included 13 RCTs, of which three showed high risk of bias. Egger’s test showed no asymmetry. The risk of SAEs and AEs was lower in the treatment group with belimumab treatment. The risk of AEs for tabalumab treatment was lower in the treatment group and lower for SAEs. Conclusion: Belimumab and tabalumab therapies are effective and safe in the treatment of SLE, although tabalumab does not show sufficient statistical power. Advances in understanding the underlying mechanisms of SLE will be directed towards correlating clinical manifestations with specific pathogenic pathways and the development of precision medicine.
Performance of Fully Automated Algorithm Detecting Bone Marrow Edema in Sacroiliac Joints
Authors: Ożga Joanna , Wyka Michał , Raczko Agata , Tabor Zbisław , Oleniacz Zuzanna , Korman Michał , Wojciechowski Wadim
Published: July 2023

This study evaluates the performance of a fully automated algorithm to detect active inflammation in the form of bone marrow edema (BME) in iliac and sacral bones, depending on the quality of the coronal oblique plane in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA). The results were assessed based on the technical correctness of MRI examination of the sacroiliac joints (SIJs). A total of 173 patients with suspected axSpA were included in the study. In order to verify the correctness of the MRI, a deviation angle was measured on the slice acquired in the sagittal plane in the T2-weighted sequence. This angle was located between the line drawn between the posterior edges of S1 and S2 vertebrae and the line that marks the actual plane in which the slices were acquired in T1 and STIR sequences. All examinations were divided into quartiles according to the deviation angle measured in degrees as follows: 1st group [0; 2.2], 2nd group (2.2; 5.7], 3rd group (5.7; 10] and 4th group (10; 29.2]. Segmentations of the sacral and iliac bones were acquired manually and automatically using the fully automated algorithm on the T1 sequence. The Dice coefficient for automated bone segmentations with respect to reference manual segmentations was 0.9820 (95% CI [0.9804, 0.9835]). Examinations of BME lesions were assessed using the SPARCC scale (in 68 cases SPARCC > 0). Manual and automatic segmentations of the lesions were performed on STIR sequences and compared. The sensitivity of detection of BME ranged from 0.58 (group 1) to 0.83 (group 2) versus 0.76 (total), while the specificity was equal to 0.97 in each group. The study indicates that the performance of the algorithm is satisfactory regardless of the deviation angle.
Factors Associated with Response to Systemic Corticosteroids in Active Ulcerative Colitis: Results from a Prospective, Multicenter Trial
Authors: Blesl Andreas , Borenich Andrea , Gröchenig Hans Peter , Novacek Gottfried , Primas Christian , Reinisch Walter , Kutschera Maximilian , Illiasch Constanze , Hennlich Barbara , Steiner Pius , Koch Robert , Tillinger Wolfgang , Haas Thomas , Reicht Gerhard , Mayer Andreas , Ludwiczek Othmar , Miehsler Wolfgang , Steidl Karin , Binder Lukas , Baumann-Durchschein Franziska , Fürst Stefan , Reider Simon , Watschinger Christina , Wenzl Heimo , Moschen Alexander , Berghold Andrea , Högenauer Christoph
Published: July 2023

Background: Among patients with ulcerative colitis, 30–50% receive corticosteroids within the first five years after diagnosis. We aimed to reconsider their effectiveness in the context of the biologic era. Methods: In this prospective, multicenter study, patients with active ulcerative colitis (Lichtiger score ≥ 4) were eligible if initiating systemic corticosteroids. The primary endpoint was clinical response (decrease in the Lichtiger score of ≥50%) at week 4. Secondary endpoints included combined response defined as clinical response and any reduction in elevated biomarkers (CRP and/or calprotectin). Steroid dependence was assessed after three months. Results: A total of 103 patients were included. Clinical response was achieved by 73% of patients, and combined response by 68%. A total of 15% of patients were steroid-dependent. Activity of colitis did not influence short-term response to treatment but increased the risk for steroid dependence. Biologic-naïve patients responded better than biologic-experienced patients. Past smoking history (OR 5.38 [1.71, 20.1], p = 0.003), hemoglobin levels (OR 0.76 [0.57, 0.99] for higher levels, p = 0.045), and biologic experience (OR 3.30 [1.08, 10.6], p = 0.036) were independently associated with nonresponse. Conclusion: Disease activity was not associated with short-term response to systemic corticosteroids but was associated with steroid dependence in patients with active ulcerative colitis. Exposure to biologics negatively affects response rates.
Investigation of the Effect of Magnetic Water and Polyethylene Fiber Insertion in Concrete Mix
Authors: Alkhrissat Tariq
Published: July 2023

The features of a concrete mix are determined by the hydration of cement, which is accomplished utilizing the water quality utilized in the mix. Numerous researchers have worked on integrating pozzolanic or nanoparticles to increase hydration processes and impart high strength to concrete. Magnetic-field-treated water (MFTW) has been used in a novel method to enhance the characteristics of concrete. Due to magnetization, water particles become charged, and the molecules inside the water cluster fall from 13 to 5 or 6, lowering the hardness of water and so boosting the strength of concrete when compared to the usage of regular water (NW). Magnetic water (MW) is used in advanced building methods and procedures to improve physicochemical qualities. This study focuses on analyzing water quality standards using physiochemical analysis, such as electrical conductivity (EC), pH, and total dissolved solids (TDS) using the MW at various magnetizations (0.9 Tesla (MW0.9), 0.6 Tesla (MW0.6), 0.3 Tesla (MW0.3). Tests were carried out to assess the fresh, hardened, and microstructural behavior of concrete created with magnetic water (MW) using techniques for microstructural characterization such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). According to the findings, the magnetic influence on water parameters improved significantly with increasing magnetic intensity. As compared to regular water concrete, the MW0.9 mix increased workability, compressive strength and splitting tensile strength by 9.2%, 32.9%, and 34.2%, respectively, compared to normal water concrete (NWC).
Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of Satraplatin to Overcome Cisplatin Drug Resistance
Authors: Jiang Xiaohan , Yang Qiang , Qi Ruogu , Yan Lesan
Published: July 2023

Drug resistance and cancer metastasis are the major obstacles for widely used platinum-based chemotherapy. It is acknowledgement that the decreasing intracellular accumulation of anticancer drugs and increasing sulfur-binding detoxification are two major mechanisms related to drug resistance. Herein, we developed a practical and straightforward method for formulating the clinically used anticancer drug satraplatin (JM-216) with D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol succinate (TPGS)-based polymers to create satraplatin-loaded nanoparticles (SatPt-NPs). The experimental results demonstrate that SatPt-NPs exhibited comparable efficacy to A2780 in treating the A2780 cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cell line (A2780DDP), indicating their significant potential in overcoming drug resistance. Additionally, buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) is capable of depleting intracellular glutathione (GSH), resulting in reduced detoxification. After BSO treatment, the IC50 value of SatPt-NPs changed from 0.178 to 0.133 μM, which remained relatively unchanged compared to cisplatin. This suggests that SatPt-NPs can overcome drug resistance by evading GSH detoxification. Therefore, SatPt-NPs have the ability to inhibit drug resistance in tumor cells and hold tremendous potential in cancer treatment.
The Effectiveness of the Addition of Platelet-Rich Fibrin to Bovine Xenografts in Sinus and Bone Ridge Augmentation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Idiri Katia , Bandiaky Octave , Soueidan Assem , Verner Christian , Renard Emmanuelle , Struillou Xavier
Published: July 2023

Dental implants sometimes need bone augmentation to recreate an adequate bone height and volume. Numerous bone augmentation techniques have been described, and, currently, the most commonly used bone graft procedure is xenografts with deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM). The addition of platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) to DBBM has already shown better performance than DBBM alone in restoring intrabony periodontal defects, but the role of PRF in preimplantation bone grafts is still not clear. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of the adjunction of PRF or L-PRF to DBBM in bone ridge augmentation procedures. Clinical randomized controlled studies using PRF associated with DBBM were included. In April 2023, three electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane, and Web of Science) were searched. The search strategy was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. The risk of bias assessments were performed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. A total of seven articles were included and analyzed. The results show no statistically significant effect of PRF added to DBBM compared to DBBM alone in the sinus lift procedure but do show an effect in the reduction in bone graft resorption in one study of mandibular guided bone regeneration.
Development of a Numerical Ice Tank Based on DEM and Physical Model Testing: Methods, Validations and Applications
Authors: Tian Yukui , Yang Dongbao , Gang Xuhao , Yu Chaoge , Ji Shunying , Yue Qianjin
Published: July 2023

The determination of ice loads on polar vessels and offshore structures is important for ice-resistant design, safe operation, and management of structural integrity in ice-infested waters. Physical model testing carried out in an ice tank/basin is usually an important technical approach for evaluating the ice loads. However, the high cost and time consumption make it difficult to perform multiple repetitions or numerous trials. Recently, the rapid development of high-performance computation techniques provides a usable alternative where the numerical methods represented by the discrete element method (DEM) have made remarkable contributions to the ice load predictions. Based on DEM simulations validated by physical model tests, numerical ice tanks can be developed as an effective complement to their counterparts. In this paper, a numerical ice tank based on 3D spherical DEM was established with respect to the small ice model basin of China Ship Scientific Research Center (CSSRC-SIMB). Based on spherical DEM with parallel bond model, the model tests of typical structures (vertical cylinder and inclined plate) in level ice sheets were established in the numerical ice tank, and the ice–structure interaction process under the same initial conditions was simulated. The accuracy of the simulations is verified by comparing the simulated ice loads with the measured ice loads from the model tests in the CSSRC-SIMB. Furthermore, the application of the numerical ice tank was extended to simulate the navigation of a Wass bow in level ice and broken ice conditions. The value of the break resistance of the Wass bow in level ice was evaluated, and the numerical ice tank produced results that were found to be consistent with those obtained from Lindqvist’s formula. The statistical properties of the bow load for different broken ice fields with the same initial physical conditions are analyzed by performing a repeatability test on the broken ice fields.
Analysis of FPSO Motion Response under Different Wave Spectra
Authors: Sun Lei , Yang Xing-Quan , Bu Shu-Xia , Zheng Wen-Tao , Ma Yu-Xiang , Jiao Zi-Lu
Published: July 2023

A variety of floating structures at sea play a vital role in the exploitation and utilization of marine resources. The study about interactions between waves and structures is necessary for the impact of the harsh marine environment on the motion and service life of structures. Currently, most studies about the seakeeping of structures are based on simplified regular waves. Because the regular waves do not truly restore the actual wave conditions at sea, the simulation of irregular waves has great practical importance to the study of interactions between waves and structures. Based on the potential flow theory and high-order boundary element method (HOBEM), a Fortran code is developed in this paper and named as SWBI (Solver for Wave–Body Interactions). This program consists of the following two parts: a time–domain numerical model about interactions between waves and 3D structures is based on weakly nonlinear method, and a numerical model about simulation of the nonlinear regular waves, the long-crested irregular waves, and the short-crested irregular waves. This Fortran code is used to simulate the motion of Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO) under three different ocean wave spectra (including ITTC two-parameters spectrum, JONSWAP spectrum and the most likely spectral form of Ochi-Hubble) and found that: To a certain extent, the difference in the motion of FPSO under different wave spectra have a connection with different type of wave, sea conditions and incident angle. The difference in roll of FPSO is quite significant in short-crested irregular waves. The range of FPOS’s roll under the JONSWAP spectrum is the largest when the incident angle is 30°, and range of FPOS’s roll under the most likely spectral form of Ochi-Hubble is the largest when the incident angle is 90°.
Numerical Simulation of Improved Gas Production from Oceanic Gas Hydrate Accumulation by Permeability Enhancement Associated with Geomechanical Response
Authors: Wang Rui , Zhang Jiecheng , Wang Tianju , Lu Hailong
Published: July 2023

In the Shenhu Area of the South China Sea, although some numerical studies are conducted on the gas production at well SHSC-4, the geomechanical responses have not been taken into account, and the associated impact of permeability enhancement on gas production has not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, pTOUGH+HYDRATE V1.5 coupled with the RGMS is applied to account for geomechanical responses. Based on actual geological conditions, the reservoir model has five layers: the hydrate-bearing layer (HBL), the three-phase layer (TPL), the free gas layer (FGL), the overburden, and the underburden. The numerical results match the trial production data, validating the numerical model. The analysis shows that gas production from the FGL contributed the most (72.17%) to the cumulative gas production (Vg), followed by the TPL (23.54%) and the HBL (4.29%). The cumulative water-to-gas ratio (RwgT) gradually decreased during gas production, with the HBL exhibiting the highest value. Permeability enhancement can improve gas production, with the FGL being the most responsive to such enhancement. It increased Vg by 87% and reduced RwgT to 85%. To achieve more realistic production schemes and better enhance energy recovery, it is advisable to conduct numerical investigations that incorporate geomechanical considerations due to the intricate nature of hydrate-bearing sediments.
Bioherbicidal Activity of Albifimbria verrucaria (Formerly Myrothecium verrucaria) on Glyphosate-Resistant Conyza canadensis
Authors: Hoagland Robert E. , Boyette C. Douglas , Stetina Kenneth C.
Published: July 2023

The effects of the bioherbicidal activity of the fungal phytopathogen, Albifimbria verrucaria (AV), formerly Myrothecium verrucaria, on glyphosate-resistant and –susceptible Conyza canadensis (horseweed) were examined in greenhouse and field studies. Spray applications of mycelial formulations of AV infected both glyphosate-resistant and -susceptible C. canadensis plants at various growth stages. Young plants in the rosette leaf stage of growth were controlled more efficaciously than were older plants that had bolted or that were in the inflorescence stage; nevertheless, severe injury and mortality also occurred in mature plants. The results indicate that this bioherbicidal fungus can infect and control C. canadensis, thereby demonstrating the potential of this fungus as a bioherbicidal agent against this troublesome weed, which has become resistant to various herbicides.
Germination of Microsporidian Spores: The Known and Unknown
Authors: Huang Qingyuan , Chen Jie , Lv Qing , Long Mengxian , Pan Guoqing , Zhou Zeyang
Published: July 2023

Microsporidia are a large group of mysterious obligate intracellular eukaryotic parasites. The microsporidian spore can survive in the absence of nutrients for years under harsh conditions and germinate within seconds under the stimulation of environmental changes like pH and ions. During germination, microsporidia experience an increase in intrasporal osmotic pressure, which leads to an influx of water into the spore, followed by swelling of the polaroplasts and posterior vacuole, which eventually fires the polar filament (PF). Infectious sporoplasm was transported through the extruded polar tube (PT) and delivered into the host cell. Despite much that has been learned about the germination of microsporidia, there are still several major questions that remain unanswered, including: (i) There is still a lack of knowledge about the signaling pathways involved in spore germination. (ii) The germination of spores is not well understood in terms of its specific energetics. (iii) Limited understanding of how spores germinate and how the nucleus and membranes are rearranged during germination. (iv) Only a few proteins in the invasion organelles have been identified; many more are likely undiscovered. This review summarizes the major resolved and unresolved issues concerning the process of microsporidian spore germination.
Additions to the Genus Helicosporium (Tubeufiaceae, Tubeufiales) from China with an Identification Key for Helicosporium Taxa
Authors: Xiao Xing-Juan , Ma Jian , Zhang Li-Juan , Liu Ning-Guo , Xiao Yuan-Pin , Tian Xing-Guo , Luo Zong-Long , Lu Yong-Zhong
Published: July 2023

Helicosporous hyphomycetes is a group of filamentous fungi that shows promising application prospects in metabolizing bioactive natural compounds. During a study of helicosporous fungi in China, six new helicosporous taxa were collected and isolated from decaying wood in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. Morphological comparisons with multi-gene phylogenetic analyses revealed that these six taxa belong to Helicosporium (Tubeufiaceae, Tubeufiales), and they were recognized as three novel species and were named Helicosporium liuzhouense, H. multidentatum, and H. nanningense. Detailed descriptions and illustrations of the newly discovered taxa and comparisons with similar fungi are provided. In addition, a list and a key to accepted Helicosporium species are provided.
Stability of Multi-Parametric Prostate MRI Radiomic Features to Variations in Segmentation
Authors: Thulasi Seetha Sithin , Garanzini Enrico , Tenconi Chiara , Marenghi Cristina , Avuzzi Barbara , Catanzaro Mario , Stagni Silvia , Villa Sergio , Chiorda Barbara Noris , Badenchini Fabio , Bertocchi Elena , Sanduleanu Sebastian , Pignoli Emanuele , Procopio Giuseppe , Valdagni Riccardo , Rancati Tiziana , Nicolai Nicola , Messina Antonella
Published: July 2023

Stability analysis remains a fundamental step in developing a successful imaging biomarker to personalize oncological strategies. This study proposes an in silico contour generation method for simulating segmentation variations to identify stable radiomic features. Ground-truth annotation provided for the whole prostate gland on the multi-parametric MRI sequences (T2w, ADC, and SUB-DCE) were perturbed to mimic segmentation differences observed among human annotators. In total, we generated 15 synthetic contours for a given image-segmentation pair. One thousand two hundred twenty-four unfiltered/filtered radiomic features were extracted applying Pyradiomics, followed by stability assessment using ICC(1,1). Stable features identified in the internal population were then compared with an external population to discover and report robust features. Finally, we also investigated the impact of a wide range of filtering strategies on the stability of features. The percentage of unfiltered (filtered) features that remained robust subjected to segmentation variations were T2w—36% (81%), ADC—36% (94%), and SUB—43% (93%). Our findings suggest that segmentation variations can significantly impact radiomic feature stability but can be mitigated by including pre-filtering strategies as part of the feature extraction pipeline.
Characterization and Factors Associated with Poor Asthma Control in Adults with Severe Eosinophilic Asthma
Authors: Padró-Casas Clara , Basagaña María , Rivera-Ortún María , García-Olivé Ignasi , Pollan-Guisasola Carlos , Teniente-Serra Aina , Martínez-Cáceres Eva , Navarro José-Tomás , Abad-Capa Jorge , Rosell Antoni , Roger Albert , Martínez-Rivera Carlos
Published: July 2023

A study was conducted in 98 adult patients diagnosed with severe eosinophilic asthma (73.5% women, mean age 47.2 years) and followed prospectively for 1 year. The aim of the study was to characterize this population and to identify factors associated with poor prognosis at 1 year of follow-up. At the initial visit, uncontrolled severe asthma was diagnosed in 87.7% of patients. Allergic sensitization was observed in 81.7% (polysensitization in 17.3%), with clinically significant allergic asthma in 45%. The mean percentage of sputum eosinophils was 4.7% (standard deviation(SD) 6.3%) and the mean (SD) blood eosinophil count 467 (225) cells/µL. Almost half of the patients (48.3%) had sputum eosinophilia (>3% eosinophils). Sputum eosinophils correlated significantly with peripheral eosinophilia (p = 0.004) and, to a lesser extent, with fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) (p = 0.04). After 1 year, 48 patients (49%) had uncontrolled asthma in all visits, and 50 (51%) had controlled asthma in some visits. Airway obstruction (FEV1 < 80% predicted) was the main reason for uncontrolled asthma. In the multivariate analysis, an obstructive pattern (odds ratio (OR) 7.45, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.41–23.03, p < 0.0001) and the patient’s age (OR 1.045, 95% CI 1.005–1.086, p = 0.026) were independent predictors of poor asthma control. In adult-onset and long-standing asthma, serum interleukin (IL) IL-17 was higher in the uncontrolled asthma group. This study contributes to characterizing patients with severe eosinophilic asthma in real-world clinical practice.
Immune Status of Cervical Lymph Nodes in Head and Neck Cancer—A Surgical Oncology Perspective
Authors: Nakamura Hiromu , Ogawa Tetsuya , Yamanaka Shunpei , Inukai Daisuke , Maruo Takashi , Takahara Taishi , Satou Akira , Tsuzuki Toyonori , Suzuki Susumu , Ueda Ryuzo , Fujimoto Yasushi
Published: July 2023

Neck dissection for cervical lymph node metastasis is an established procedure for head and neck cancer (HNC). However, with the advent of immunotherapy, head and neck surgical oncologists need to rethink removing all lymph nodes, including those with immune function. We investigated the anti-cancer immune response of the cervical lymph nodes in four patients with human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16)-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Using lymphocytes extracted from local, metastatic, and non-metastatic lymph nodes and peripheral blood from these patients, we performed an intracellular flow cytometric cytokine assay using anti-IFNγ and anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibodies to detect HPV16 E6- and E7-specific T cells. HPV status and p16 immunostaining were determined by in situ detection using the HPV RNAscope method and immunohistochemistry. In one case, E6-specific and E7-specific CD8+ T cells were detected in proximal metastatic nodes and distal non-metastatic nodes. This finding suggests that non-metastatic nodes should be preserved for their immune function during neck dissection and that the immune function of non-metastatic lymph nodes is important when administering immunotherapy. In this context, head and neck surgical oncologists treating HNC should consider the place of immunotherapy and neck dissection in the treatment of HNC.
Research on Township Industry Development under GEP Accounting—A Case Study of Hanwang Town in Xuzhou City
Authors: Tong Shuai , Gao Jianjie , Wang Fengyu , Ji Xiang
Published: July 2023

The protection and utilization of ecological environment are very important for urban and rural development. At present, a large number of relevant theoretical and practical explorations have been carried out, which confirms the important conclusion that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets. The sustainable development of ecological environments is based on coordination with human production and life. In this paper, by constructing an accounting system for the gross ecosystem product (GEP) applicable to Hanwang town, using the market value method, the alternative cost method, the travel cost method, the willingness to pay method and other technical methods, the GEP of Hanwang town is calculated from three aspects: product supply, regulation service and cultural tourism. Finally, the spatial distribution characteristics of value are used to guide the development and layout of ecological industry in Hanwang town. The results showed that the total ecosystem product value of Hanwang town in Xuzhou was relatively high, reaching 1.165 billion CNY, with per capita reaching 30 million CNY, which was 49.16% of the town’s GDP in 2020. The value of cultural tourism is 820 million CNY, the value of regulatory services is 239 million CNY, and the value of product provision is 106 million CNY. The ecological value of Hanwang town varies greatly in spatial distribution. On the whole, the price is low in the southwest, but high in the northeast. The high-value areas are mainly concentrated in three areas: Yudai River Riverside, Xuzhou Paradise in the north, Hanwang Scenic Spot in the middle and the Panaxi Valley tourist spot in the south. Based on the principle of ecological value transformation, combining with the spatial distribution characteristics of ecological value in Hanwang town, four modes of promoting ecological value transformation were proposed: ecological industrialization management, ecological governance and value promotion, ecological resource index trading and ecotourism. This paper preliminarily explores a method to calculate and transform the value of ecological space, which provides feasible concrete strategies for the protection of ecological space and the development of ecological industry in towns.
Physical Environment Study on Social Housing Stock in Italian Western Alps for Healthy and Sustainable Communities
Authors: Zhang Yuqing , Li Bin , Caneparo Luca , Meng Qinglin , Guo Weihong , Liu Xiao
Published: July 2023

Climate change has reduced the comfort of community environments, and there is an urgent need to improve the health and well-being of low-income residents through design and technical measures. Therefore, this paper conducts research in the context of an ongoing social housing renovation project in Aosta, Italy, in a cold winter and hot summer Alpine environment. The study combined interviews, field measurements, and multiple software simulations to analyze the home of an older adult experiencing energy deprivation. The study found that the indoor acoustic environment quality meets the requirements of various sound-related standards. Still, the lighting and thermal environment must be designed to reduce glare and western sun exposure, and the air quality could improve. Residents’ demand for renovation is low technology, low cost, and high comfort. Therefore, suggestions for combining active and passive transformation measures and maximizing the use of climate and resources are proposed. The lighting and thermal environment are optimized based on the green wisdom of the Haylofts building of the Walser family in the Alps: increase ventilation and reduce indoor air age to improve air quality. Overall, a comprehensive assessment of extreme climatic conditions facilitates the quantitative and qualitative study and control of social housing environments, improves occupant comfort, and decarbonizes such social building stock.
The Role of Renin–Angiotensin System in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: A Narrative Review
Authors: Batista João Pedro Thimotheo , Faria André Oliveira Vilela de , Ribeiro Thomas Felipe Silva , Simões e Silva Ana Cristina
Published: July 2023

Diabetic cardiomyopathy refers to myocardial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes, but without the traditional cardiovascular risk factors or overt clinical atherosclerosis and valvular disease. The activation of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS), oxidative stress, lipotoxicity, maladaptive immune responses, imbalanced mitochondrial dynamics, impaired myocyte autophagy, increased myocyte apoptosis, and fibrosis contribute to diabetic cardiomyopathy. This review summarizes the studies that address the link between cardiomyopathy and the RAS in humans and presents proposed pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this association. The RAS plays an important role in the development and progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy. The over-activation of the classical RAS axis in diabetes leads to the increased production of angiotensin (Ang) II, angiotensin type 1 receptor activation, and aldosterone release, contributing to increased oxidative stress, fibrosis, and cardiac remodeling. In contrast, Ang-(1-7) suppresses oxidative stress, inhibits tissue fibrosis, and prevents extensive cardiac remodeling. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers improve heart functioning and reduce the occurrence of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Experimental studies also show beneficial effects for Ang-(1-7) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 infusion in improving heart functioning and tissue injury. Further research is necessary to fully understand the pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy and to translate experimental findings into clinical practice.
Golimumab for Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and Psoriatic Arthritis: Pharmacologic and Clinical Considerations
Authors: McIntosh Sydney Moore , Kerut Christian , Hollenshead Payton P. , Askins Dorothy H. , Mansourian Kasra , Palowsky Zachary R. , Allampalli Varsha , Ahmadzadeh Shahab , Shekoohi Sahar , Kaye Alan D.
Published: July 2023

Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic debilitating autoimmune condition, and when diagnosed in patients before the age of eighteen, it is considered pediatric polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Monoarticular or polyarticular psoriatic arthritis can be distinguished from other arthropathies by its unique cutaneous manifestations. With numerous treatments already in clinical practice, there are numerous options for treatment. The current literature indicates an elevated level of tumor necrosis factor is present in the epidermis of patients with psoriatic arthritis when compared with the general population. For this reason, anti-tumor necrosis factor therapies have become a hallmark option for psoriatic arthritis patients. Golimumab, a human monoclonal antibody tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) receptor antagonist, was chosen as the focus therapy for this investigation. The mechanism of action behind anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha blockers involves the binding of human TNF-a soluble and transmembrane proteins to competitively inhibit TNF-a from binding to its cellular receptors. The present investigation evaluated current treatment options available for both juvenile- and adult-onset psoriatic arthritis and compared them with the efficacy seen with golimumab use. Pediatric patients included children ages 2–17, while adult populations included adults 18–83 years old. The Food and Drug Administration has approved golimumab for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, ulcerative colitis, and polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis. The results of four different studies reporting on the therapeutic effects and adverse events of golimumab use in psoriatic arthritis, juvenile psoriatic arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and juvenile polyarticular arthritis were used for comparison. The meta-analysis referenced studies including children ages 2–17 with no reference mentioning children less than age 2. Based on the results of each study, it can be concluded that golimumab, a human monoclonal antibody that prevents the activation of cellular inflammatory reactions when it binds to the TNF-a receptor, is an effective option for patients with active psoriatic arthritis and psoriatic juvenile idiopathic arthritis and for patients who are no longer responding to their current treatment with adalimumab. Each study also reported minimal adverse events associated with golimumab use, and the drug can be safely used in the pediatric population.
A Critical Assessment of the Peer Review Process in Life: From Submission to Final Decision
Authors: Rampelotto Pabulo Henrique
Published: July 2023

In the world of academic research and scientific publishing, the process of peer review plays a pivotal role [...]
Coastal Wetland Species Rumex hydrolapathum: Tolerance against Flooding, Salinity, and Heavy Metals for Its Potential Use in Phytoremediation and Environmental Restoration Technologies
Authors: Ieviņa Silvija , Karlsons Andis , Osvalde Anita , Andersone-Ozola Una , Ievinsh Gederts
Published: July 2023

Plants with high biomass adapted to conditions of increased moisture and with significant salt tolerance appear to be particularly attractive candidates for phytoremediation studies. The aim of the present study was to examine the tolerance of Rumex hydrolapathum plants to freshwater, saltwater inundation, and soil contaminated with heavy metals, as well as its metal accumulation potential in controlled conditions. Six separate vegetation container experiments in controlled conditions were performed with R. hydrolapathum plants to study the effects of soil moisture, waterlogging with NaCl, soil Cd, soil Cr, soil Ni, and soil Pb in the form of a nitrate or acetate. Optimum plant growth occurred in waterlogged soil conditions. As the concentration of NaCl used for waterlogging increased, the mass of living leaves decreased, but that of dry leaves increased. As a result, the total biomass of leaves did not significantly change. R. hydrolapathum plants were extremely tolerant to Cd and Pb, moderately tolerant to Ni, and relatively sensitive to Cr. The plants had high capacity for metal accumulation in older and senescent leaves, especially for Na+, K+, Cd, and Ni. R. hydrolapathum plants can tolerate soil waterlogging with seawater-level salinity, which, together with the metal tolerance and potential for metal accumulation in leaves, make them excellently suited for use in a variety of wastewater treatment systems, including constructed wetlands.