bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ruptured Parasitic Dermoid Cyst in Blunt Abdominal Trauma
Authors:   Department of General Surgery, Haydom Lutheran Hospital, Manyara, The United Republic of Tanzania, Nuwass Emanuel Q.
Published: February 2025

Ruptured parasitic dermoid cyst is one of the rare conditions that results from auto-amputation and re-implantation following torsion from the ovary and omentum, among other sites. Due to trauma to the abdomen, it may rupture, resulting in spillage of its contents and causing chemical peritonitis. The diagnosis is based on clinical presentation complimented by abdominal ultrasound in low resource settings. A case of a 44-year-old (Iraqw by tribe) who presented with clinical features of acute generalized abdominal pain and distension for two days following blunt abdominal trauma. The abdominal ultrasound revealed a mass of mixed echogenicity with intraperitoneal free fluid. She underwent laparotomy, revealing ruptured parasitic dermoid cyst adhered to the anterior abdominal wall and urinary bladder, then excised. The high degree of suspicion of ruptured parasitic dermoid cyst is justified in adult patient with chemical peritonitis manifestation. The laparotomy is surgical management of choice in low-resource settings followed by prolonged follow-up.
Feeding Behaviour and Nutritional Status among Children Aged 6 to 23 Months Old in Bahi District in Tanzania
Authors:   University of Dodoma, College of Health science, Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Chipanha Leonida Tawa , Katalambula Leonard
Published: February 2025

Background: The survival, well-being, and development of young children depend on optimal infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices. It is imperative to assess nutrition status and feeding behaviour practices in order to develop interventions. The objective of this study is to assess nutrition status, feeding behaviour, and its association with nutrition status among children aged 6 to 23 months old in Bahi district, Tanzania.
Methods: A community-based, cross-sectional study was employed. A multistage sampling technique was used. Bahi district council, wards, and village were randomly selected, and then a systematic random sampling method was used to select participants. Anthropometric measurements were used to determine the nutrition status of children. Process for the Promotion of Child Feeding (ProPAN) manual guided assessment of feeding behaviours associated with nutrition status. Z-score was used to determine the level of malnutrition; the chi-square test and logistic regression were used as descriptive and inferential statistical tests, respectively, to determine the association between nutrition status and feeding behaviour.
Results: Out of 395 children aged between 6 and 23 months, 62.8% were stunted, 25.3% were underweight, and 6.6% were wasted. In the multivariable analysis, the results reveal that stunting was significantly associated with perception of exclusive breastfeeding (number of months) (AOR 4.24, 95%CI: 2.012–8.284) and number of feeds per day (AOR 2.02, 95%CI: 1.00–6.314). With regard to perception of exclusive breastfeeding (number of months), the children whose mothers perceived that children supposed to be breastfed for more than six months were four times more likely to be not stunted compared to those who were perceived to be breastfed less than three months, and the children whose mothers’ fed them twice to three times were two times more likely to be not stunted compared to the children who were fed only two times.
Conclusion: Bahi district council has a higher prevalence rate of stunting, underweight, and wasting among children aged 6 to 23 months. Feeding on the first colostrum, exclusive breastfeeding, and breastfeeding for more than six months are the main determinants of nutrition status.
Predictors of HIV Knowledge., Perceived Stigma an.d Risk among Transport Workers in Mbarara City Southwestern Uganda
Authors:   Aga Khan University, Uganda Campus, Kampala, Uganda, Asiimwe John Baptist
Published: February 2025

Background: The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence among transport workers in sub-Saharan Africa remains high, estimated at as high as 9.9% in western Uganda compared with the national prevalence of 5.4%. The prevalence of HIV among transport workers has been partly attributed to the level of knowledge regarding HIV prevention, perceived HIV risk, and stigma. Accordingly, these have been linked to high-risk HIV transmission behaviours that increase the chances of acquiring HIV among adults. Therefore, this study investigated the predictors of HIV knowledge, perceived HIV risk, and stigma among transport workers in Mbarara city in southwestern Uganda.
Methods: The survey was conducted between November 2021 and February 2022 among transport workers (motorcycle taxi riders, motor vehicles taxi, and truck drivers), aged 18 to 55 years. Face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire were conducted with the study’s participants. Chi-square and binary multivariate logistic regression statistics were used to assess the predictors of knowledge about HIV prevention, HIV perceived risk, and stigma.
Results: Out of 420 participants, 69.3%, 75.4%, and 62% had good knowledge of HIV prevention, a high perceived HIV risk, and stigma, respectively. Predictors of knowledge of HIV prevention comprised education level (AOR=2.28, 95% CI=1.36-3.84), knowing HIV status (AOR=0.47, 95% CI=0.27-0.81), and perceived HIV risk (AOR=3.04, 95% CI=1.74-5.32). Whereas the determinants of perceived HIV risk included education level (AOR=1.34, 95% CI=1.34-4.24), knowing HIV status (AOR=0.26, 95% CI=0.15-0.48), HIV knowledge (AOR=2.38, 95% CI=1.36-4.178), and perceived stigma (AOR=0.47, 95% CI=0.24-0.89). Last, the predictors of perceived HIV stigma included perceived HIV risk (AOR=0.41, 95% CI=0.21-.791), and knowledge of HIV prevention (AOR=0.29, 95% CI=0.16-0.54).
Conclusions: The study found a high proportion of participants with good knowledge about HIV prevention, a high HIV perceived risk, and HIV-related stigma. In addition, this study suggests that the level of education and awareness of one’s HIV status positively influences HIV knowledge and perceived risk. Whereas HIV-related stigma was in turn negatively influenced by the transport workers’ HIV knowledge and perceived risk. This calls for multifaceted approaches at individual, group (interpersonal), and community levels to reduce HIV stigma among this study group. Incorporating continuous health education programs about HIV and encouraging HIV testing among transport workers remains critical.
Factors Associated with the Uptake of Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine Among Adolescent Girls Aged 14 Old in Hai District of Kilimanjaro Region in Northern Tanzania
Authors:   Institute of Public Health, Department of Community and Global Health, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College (KCMUCo), Moshi, Tanzania, Josephat Jojet N
Published: February 2025

Background: Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) vaccination is a key primary prevention method against cervical cancer which is given to young girls before onset of sexual activity. In Tanzania, cervical cancer is the most frequent occurring cancer among women and is the leading cause of cancer mortality. The HPV Vaccination programme was rolled-out in Tanzania in 2018 for adolescent girls aged 9-14 years to receive two doses at a six-months interval, with an annual vaccine uptake of 46.1%. In 2019, the uptake of the HPV vaccine was only 64%, whereas the national coverage target is 75%. This study aimed at assessing the determinants of HPV vaccination among adolescent girls in Hai district, Kilimanjaro region, northern Tanzania.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2020 to August 2020 among 14-year-old adolescent girls in four selected secondary schools, including two government-owned and two private-owned, within Hai district. Close-ended questionnaire interviews were conducted with the adolescent girls in the study and data analysis was done using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows version 20.0 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY, USA). Odds ratio was used to assess the association between several factors and HPV vaccination.
Results: A total of 301 adolescent girls aged 14 years consented to the study. HPV vaccination uptake was 65%. More than three-fifths (n=119, 60.7%) reported having received the two required doses. Knowledge of HPV (OR 5.68; 95% CI, 0.72 to 44.96; P=.01) and HPV vaccine (OR 20.11; 95% CI, 10.88 to 37.99); P =.01) contributed significantly to HPV vaccine uptake among the adolescent girls in the study. More than one-third (n=105, 34.9%,) of the participants, were not vaccinated, the main reasons adduced for not being vaccinated include lack of proper information about the HPV vaccine (60.0%), fear of side effects (14%) and parental refusal (11%).
Conclusion: HPV vaccination uptake was 65%. Lack of proper information to both the children and parents about the safety of the vaccine hinders its uptake. More effort should be made for clear and comprehensible dissemination of information especially to the community stakeholders mainly parents, community and religious leaders, about cervical cancer and HPV vaccine in order to considerably increase vaccination coverage among adolescent girls. Likewise, involvement of healthcare workers and policymakers in educating people about cervical cancer prevention measures can ensure successful implementation of HPV vaccination. There is need to conduct an indepth qualitative study to explore further people’s perceptions and attitudes towards HPV.
How the big five psychological factors affect phishing: A literature review
Authors: Gordon Alex , Russ-Eft Darlene
Published: February 2025

Phishing is a social engineering attack which intends to steal information from an intended victim by masquerading as a reputable source. It is a ubiquitous problem in modern day society and organizations, which is not likely to slow down.

The Big Five psychological factors model is one which is widely used and has been shown to largely explain how someone behaves.

Yet the results of the Big Five factors’ interface with phishing response is not clear as of yet. The purpose of this study was to elucidate the interactions between phishing and the Big Five factors.

This study used an integrative literature review method to examine the relationship between the Big Five psychological factors and the phishing response. This theoretical model developed from the research can then be used to suggest human resource development (HRD) interventions within organizations. Such interventions can aid both the organizations and their employees to avoid the negative outcomes from phishing.
To design and implement the QoS -Aware Energy Efficient Routing Mechanism for the BAN-IoT networks in Smart Health care Applications.
Authors: N.V Babu , Kumar Abhinav , Thomas J. Joshua
Published: February 2025

The integration of Internet of Things (IoT) and miniature implantable sensors has significantly advanced Body Area Networks (BAN) for real-time monitoring of patients' physiological vital signs, including Electrocardiogram (ECG), Electromyogram (EMG), and Electroencephalogram (EEG). However, the limited bandwidth of wearable nodes and frequent body movements result in recurrent topological changes, causing unreliable and delayed transmissions. To address these challenges, a reliable and low-latency routing mechanism is required to ensure lossless data transfer and support timely clinical treatments. This paper proposes a QoS-aware routing protocol that dynamically calculates optimal routing paths by integrating Chaotic Theory with the Honey Badger Optimization (HBO) algorithm. The proposed protocol selects latency-aware, energy-efficient paths using key metrics such as Link Quality Factor (LQF), Distance (D), Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI), and Number of Hops (NoH) to achieve reliable and efficient data transmission. Comprehensive experiments are conducted in the Python 3.9 environment, and performance metrics including Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), End-to-End Delay, Throughput, Routing Load, and Control Packet Overhead are calculated and compared with other existing optimization models. The proposed model is also statistically validated against state-of-the-art protocols. Results demonstrate superior performance and stability, effectively overcoming existing bottlenecks and providing improved QoS for IoT-enabled BAN systems in smart healthcare applications.
The Dual Role of Innovation in Manufacturing: Enhancing Sustainability and Employment Opportunities
Authors: Osorio Iris Maria Valez
Published: February 2025

Background and Purpose

The purpose of this study is to investigate how various types of innovation impact sustainability measures within manufacturing companies; these sustainability measures include minimizing raw material usage, reducing energy consumption, and optimizing waste management. The research further evaluates the linkage between innovation types and job creation, focusing on how innovation fosters new employment opportunities and enhances sustainability in the manufacturing sector.

Methodology

The methodology involves a hierarchical regression analysis conducted on a sample of 1,570 manufacturing companies in Colombia using SPSS software. This approach aims to quantitatively assess the effectiveness of innovation, sustainability, and employment policies in these industrial organizations.

Results

The findings of the study reveal significant insights into the innovation policies of industrial companies and their management of environmental sustainability. These results underscore the practical implications of embracing innovation and sustainability for long-term benefits, despite the immediate costs.

Conclusion

This research provides a comprehensive examination of the diverse types of innovation and their consequential impacts on sustainability and employment in the manufacturing sector. Additionally, it suggests directions for future research that could further refine and enhance innovation and sustainability practices within this industry.
Challenging right ventricular pacing in a patient with transitional atrioventricular septal defect
Authors: Stoiculescu Flavia-Mihaela , Hădăreanu Diana-Ruxandra , Ungureanu Adrian , Moise Cristiana Gianina , Florescu Cristina , Donoiu Ionuţ
Published: February 2025

A 56-year-old woman, known in her past medical history with uncorrected atrioventricular septal defect, secondary pulmonary hypertension, and permanent atrial fibrillation, with repeated hospitalizations for congestive heart failure over the years, presented to the Emergency Department for repeated syncopal episodes. Holter monitoring detected atrial fibrillation with periods of asystole. While most cases in the literature mainly focus on patients with isolated atrial septal defects (ASD)(1), we present a case of a challenging pacemaker implant in a patient with transitional atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD). The case illustrates the challenges of differential diagnosis of syncope and of implanting a pacemaker in adults with congenital heart disease, underscoring the importance of an excellent understanding of electrophysiology, defect anatomy, and postoperative alterations. In addition, this case emphasizes that structural heart disease can be a potential cause when assessing recurrent syncope. When selecting the implantation and pacing modes, operators must consider the possibility of multiple reimplantation throughout the patient’s lifespan.
On Jordan Double Sums and Related Summatory Functions
Authors: Shi Sanying , Weber Michel
Published: February 2025

We study the Jordan double sums

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\sum\limits_{\left[ {d,\delta } \right] \le N} {{{{J_\varepsilon }\left( d \right){J_\varepsilon }\left( \delta \right)} \over {{{\left[ {d,\delta } \right]}^{\sigma + 2\varepsilon + it}}}},}

which are connected with usual zeta approximating sums. Some other related summatory functions involving Jordan’s function are considered and estimated in this paper.
Prediction of individual risk of acute kidney injury in urgent abdominal surgical pathology
Authors: Turovets M. I. , Vedenin Yu. I. , Kazantsev D. A. , Popov A. S. , Ekstrem A. V. , Skachko I. V.
Published: February 2025

Introduction. Surgical treatment of patients with urgent abdominal surgical pathology is associated with a high risk of developing various somatic complications. The most common of them is acute kidney injury (AKI), which is an independent factor in increasing the duration of hospitalization and mortality.

The objective was to develop a prognostic model of individual risk of AKI after surgical treatment of patients with urgent abdominal surgical pathology.

Materials and methods. A cohort comparative study of the treatment outcomes of 271 patients with urgent abdominal surgical pathology was conducted. The primary endpoint was the development of AKI. The main group included patients (N = 134) whose early postoperative period was complicated by AKI, and the control group (N = 137) included patients without this complication. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to build a model for predicting the probability of AKI development, which included statistically significant predictors. ROC analysis was performed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the resulting individual risk model for AKI.

Results. It was proven that type 2 diabetes mellitus (p = 0.003), early stages of chronic kidney disease (p = 0.026), and mechanical jaundice (p < 0.001) were significantly more often verified in patients of the main group. In the AKI group, the levels of creatinine (p < 0.001), urea (p < 0.001) and proinflammatory cytokines – tumor necrosis factor alpha (p < 0.001) and C-reactive protein (p < 0.001) were significantly higher. Based on the obtained results, a model for predicting the individual risk of AKI was developed using binary logistic regression analysis, the sensitivity and specificity of which were 82.8% and 88.3%, respectively. High validity of the proposed model was proven.

Conclusion. The proposed model allows predicting a reliable individual risk of acute kidney injury after surgical treatment of patients with urgent abdominal surgical pathology.
Predictors and etiology of healthcare-associated infections in patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Ruslyakova I. A. , Shamsutdinova E. Z. , Dmitrieva O. V. , Shirokov K. I. , Borzova Yu. V. , Orishak A. E. , Vasilyeva N. V.
Published: February 2025

Introduction. The increasing prevalence of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) caused by critical, high and medium priority pathogens among patients with severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP) and the high mortality rate necessitate monitoring of pathogens and consideration of predictors.

The objective was to identify predictors, determine the etiology and evaluate the dynamics of pathogens of HAIs over a 10-year period in patients with SCAP.

Materials and methods. An analysis of medical records of 756 patients treated in the intensive care unit was of the I.I. Mechnikov NWSMU was conducted in the period from 2013 to 2023. Incidents of HAIs (catheter-associated urinary tract infection – CAUTI, catheter-associated bloodstream infection – CLABSI) and ventilator-associated pneumonia – VAP) were determined in accordance with the NASCI criteria from 2023.

Results. The study included 663 patients with SCAP. The density of HAIs in patients with SCAP was 6.2/1000 days of device use (DDU) and shows an increase in the period 2021–2023. The frequency of CLABSI caused by multiple drug resistance (MDR) pathogens was 69.2%, CAUTI 24.4%, VAP 42.9%. 72 cases of HAI were registered in 67 patients, of which 24 (35,8%) patients with SCAP had 50 critical and high priority pathogens, of which 16 (23.8%) had bacterial-fungal associations. The priority pathogens in the registration of DAIs for the entire analyzed period were carbapenem-resistant strains of A. baumannii and K. pneumoniae as well as K. pneumoniae isolates resistant to third-generation cephalosporins. A trend towards expanding the spectrum of pathogens and increasing the proportion of Candida non-albicans in the etiological structure of fungal HAIs was identified in the period 2021–2023. Independent predictors of DAIs were identified in patients with SCAP, which were > 7 DDU for CLABSI, and > 72 hours of mechanical ventilation for VAP, and an increase in procalcitonin > 0.5 ng/ml for VAP and CAUTI. When registering CAUTI, the severity of comorbidities (CCI score ≥ 5: 3.829; 1.867–7.852, p < 0.001) in patients with SCAP and the severity of organ dysfunction (SOFA score > 4.0 (9.976; 1.277–77.958, p = 0.028) in patients with SCAP COVID-19 were independent predictors of HAIs.

Conclusion. In the period 2021–2023, an increase in HAIs was observed in the group of patients with SCAP. The main pathogens of which were critical, high and medium priority pathogens K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, as well as Candida spp. (C. tropicalis, С. parapsilosis, P. kudriavzevii). Independent predictors of HAIs in patients with SCAP were identified, which were the duration of use of devices and the increase in the level of procalcitonin above 0.5 ng/ml. When registering CAUTI, risk factors such as the severity of comorbidities for patients with SCAP and the severity of organ dysfunction in patients with SCAP COVID-19 were identified.
Risk factors for early and late unplanned readmissions to the intensive care unit – results of a survey among intensivist
Authors: Ruslyakova I. A. , Afonchikov V. S. , Morozov E. A. , Gomonova V. V. , Zhernokleev A. S. , Magomedisaev K. M. , Nechayev S. A. , Shamsutdinova E. Z. , Bezrodny M. V. , Tanchuk A. E. , Shirokov K. I. , Chernyshev D. A. , Kabanov M. Yu.
Published: February 2025

Introduction. The knowledge and experience of anesthesiologists about predictors of unplanned ICU (intensive care unit) readmission are implemented into practical models for their prevention. However, differences in the time before patient’s ICU readmission make significant adjustments to the possibility of their implementation.

The objective was to analyze intensivist opinions about predictors of early and late unplanned ICU readmissions. Materials and methods. The survey of intensivists was conducted in 9 hospitals in Saint Petersburg and the Leningrad Region from July 2023 to July 2024. Statistical information processing was carried out using the Jamovi software package.

Results. The study included 381 questionnaires. Long ICU stay ( > 14 days) (AOR: 0.373; 95% CI: 0.183–0.758, p = 0.006; 0.492; 0.246–0.985, p = 0.045), emergency surgeries and procedural complications (1.283; 1.071–1.537, p = 0.007; 1.387; 1.136–1.694, p = 0.001), as well as lack of data on oxygen therapy and respiratory support in the transfer epicrisis (0.315; 0.172–0.576, p < 0.001; 0.505; 0.278–0.919, p = 0.025) increase the chances of 24- and 48-hour unplanned ICU readmission. Transfer of patients from the ICU to «off-hours» (1.244; 1.020–1.517, p = 0.031; 1.518; 1.243–1.853, p < 0.001) was a risk factor for the 48- and 72-hour periods. Registration of adverse acute cardiovascular events (2.876; 1.368–6.047, p = 0.005; 2.578; 1.390–4.780, p = 0.003) increased unplanned ICU readmission in the 48-hour and 7-day periods. Sepsis in a patient in the ICU was considered by respondents to be an independent predictor of ICU readmissions for all periods except the 24-hour period. Characteristic predictors of unplanned ICU readmissions also were: for 24-hour – the impossibility of conducting «round-the-clock» laboratory and instrumental diagnostics (0.764; 0.639–0.914, p = 0.003), patient readmission due to the need to free up a ICU bed (1.345; 1.138–1.589, p = 0.001), failure to hold council (0.507; 0.270–0.954, p = 0.035); for 72-hour – physician experience (0.968; 0.939–0.997, p = 0.033); for 14 days – Mechanical Ventilation > 7 days (1.674; 1.025–2.734, p = 0.040).

Conclusion. The analysis of the opinions of intensivists made it possible to identify independent and determine modifiable predictors of early and late unplanned readmission of the patient to the ICU.
Clinical guidelines «Sepsis (in adults)»
Authors: Bagnenko S. F. , Gorobets E. S. , Gusarov V. G. , Dekhnich A. V. , Dibirov M. D. , Ershova O. N. , Zamyatin M. N. , Zubareva N. A. , Klimko N. N. , Kozlov R. S. , Korolkov A. Yu. , Kulabukhov V. V. , Polushin Yu. S. , Popov D. A. , Revishvili A. Sh. , Roytman E. V. , Rudnov V. A. , Sidorenko S. V. , Sokolov D. V. , Khachatryan N. N. , Khrapov K. N. , Shabunin A. V. , Shlyk I. V. , Yakovlev S. V.
Published: February 2025

Clinical guidelines «Sepsis (in adults)» are an interdisciplinary document developed by 8 professional non-profit public organizations and approved by the Scientific and Practical Council of the Ministry of Health of Russia. They are intended to help doctors of various specialties (anesthesiologist and intensivist, surgeon, emergency physician, neurosurgeon, cardiovascular surgeon, thoracic surgeon, transfusiologist, orthopedic traumatologist, nephrologist, urologist, maxillofacial surgeon, infectious disease physician, clinical pharmacologist, medical microbiologist) in determining the treatment strategy and tactics for patients with sepsis or at risk of its development. The material presented to the reader’s attention reflects the main provisions of the document that are important for practical work. Its full content can be found on the websites of the Ministry of Health (https://cr.minzdrav.gov. ru/) and the public organizations (in particular, https://association-ar.ru/; https://общество-хирургов.рф/; https://sepsisforum.ru/; https://www. antibiotic.ru/) that developed them. In terms of their main provisions, the recommendations correspond to the latest international guidelines (Surviving sepsis campaign from 2021), but take into account the specifics of the work of medical organizations in the Russian Federation. These recommendations apply to the following codes of the International statistical classification of diseases and problems related to adult health: A40 – streptococcal sepsis (A40.0/A40.1/A40.2/A40.3/A40.8/A40.9); A41 – other sepsis (A41.0/A41.1/A41.2/A41.3/A41.4/A41.5/A41.8/41.9) and B37.7 – candidal septicemia.
The identity of Donbass in the perception of Ukrainian political analysts (2014–2022) and the construction of the image of the enemy
Authors: Baranov A. V. , Kostenko Yu. V.
Published: February 2025

The relevance of the research topic is manifested in the fact that the strengthening of the Russian identity of the residents of Donbass is taking place in the context of an information war with Ukrainian nationalism. It is important to understand how Ukrainian political analytics constructs the image of the enemy. The aim of the work is to identify and criticize the myths about the identity of Donbass, constructed in Ukrainian political analytics (2014–2022). The theoretical basis of the study is a systematic approach, an identitarian approach, and social constructivism. Empirical methods: text analysis and discourse analysis. The selection of sources of Ukrainian political analytics includes texts published by the staff of the Institute of Political and Ethnonational Studies named after I.F. Kuras and the National Institute for Strategic Studies (Kiev) for 2014–2022. Тhe main aspects of constructing the image of the enemy and using the “language of hostility” are established: Russophobia, rejection of the Orthodox and East Slavic self-identification common to Russians and Ukrainians, falsification of historical facts, association of Donbass and its history exclusively with crime, marginality, separatism. These discursive techniques use by Ukrainian analysts in scientific texts in the external form of presentation, but they are aimed at defamation of the enemy and his ideological disarmament, therefore, they are one of the technologies of information warfare. In order to increase the effectiveness of the Russian identity policy in Donbass, it is necessary to form a picture of the world of the inhabitants of the region based on a positive perception of the history of Russia and the traditional values of Russian civilization, qualified and timely exposure of the myths of Ukrainian nationalist propaganda. The authors propose to organize an expert and analytical organization in the South of Russia on the subject of Ukrainian historical and socio-political studies.
Evolution of Kazakhstan’s foreign policy
Authors: Mamedov A. V.
Published: February 2025

Kazakhstan’s foreign policy began to take shape after the disintegration of the USSR. Changed geopolitical conditions set new tasks for the state. It became necessary to elaborate new approaches to external affairs. The peculiarity of Astana’s diplomacy was the expansion of relations with non-regional states while maintaining economic and political ties with the former Soviet republics. The article concludes that the foreign course of Kazakhstan was established under the influence of country’s economic development, its internal political processes and external factors. These aspects were reflected in the fundamental documents that were adopted in Kazakhstan in the following decades. The research highlights the main stages of Astana’s foreign policy and identifies the factors that determined the development of the state. In addition, it is concluded that the diplomacy of Kazakhstan was characterized by a balanced approach, which took into consideration the economic and political opportunities of the country. In recent decades, Astana’s foreign policy has been under the increased influence of non-regional actors, which show growing attention to Central Asia and the states of the area.
MANOELA CAVALINHO: PALAVRA E IMAGEM NA ARTE CONTEMPORÂNEA, PELA DEMOCRACIA, MEMÓRIA E ELABORAÇÃO DO TRAUMA DA DITADURA DE 1964
Authors: Lawall Cristiane , Maffazioli Walter Karwatzki Chagas , Martins Rodrigo Perla
Published: February 2025

O presente artigo aborda a construção de memórias individuais e coletivas dentro de grupos sociais que passaram por eventos traumáticos, como no caso de nosso país, e como construiu-se uma memória social sobre nosso passado ditatorial. O panorama é abordado a partir da perspectiva dos autores Michael Pollak (1989), Maurice Halbwachs (2006) e Carolina Silveira Bauer (2014), com o objetivo de contextualizar a leitura e análise de três séries de trabalhos da artista gaúcha Manoela Cavalinho (Porto Alegre, 1981), realizadas para sua tese de mestrado, entre os anos de 2019 e 2021, nas cidades de Porto Alegre e Foz do Iguaçu. Esqueletos no guarda-roupa, 2021, Epigramas (2019, e Onofre, José, Enrique, Daniel, Joel e Víctor, 2021. Os trabalhos da artista são analisados sob a perspectiva do pensamento do filósofo Jacques Rancière, que aborda a mútua relação entre estética e política. As obras de Cavalinho constituem uma tentativa de elaboração do trauma e ainda testemunho de diversas violações dos direitos humanos impostas durante a ditadura civil-militar brasileira que se instaura a partir do ano de 1964.
REINTERPRETACIONES DESCOLONIALES DE LA PINTURA OCCIDENTAL: APROXIMACIONES A LA OBRA DE HARMONÍA ROSALES Y SANDRA GAMARRA AINDA NÃO CHEGOU O ARTIGO PRA REVISTA
Authors: Alcaide-Ramírez Aurora , Alcaide-Ramírez Dolores , Rueda Laura Marcela Ribero
Published: February 2025

Este ensayo analiza la obra de dos artistas de la diáspora latinoamericana: Sangra Gamarra y Harmonia Rosales. Estas artistas realizan prácticas feministas descolonizadoras en las que ponen de relieve el sistema de supremacía blanco que oprime los cuerpos otros de las mujeres de minorías raciales y étnicas que prevalece en la colonización de las Américas. Usando las teorías de María Lugones y Ochy Curiel sobre la “colonialidad del género,” este ensayo argumenta que estas artistas realizan una blancografía (articulada por Godoy), apropiando y subvirtiendo con sus creaciones la tradicional mirada proyectada sobre el/la Otro/a como sujeto carente de agencia, proponiendo contranarrativas y contramemorias visuales que subvierten los relatos oficiales transmitidos por el poder (neo)colonial. Reinterpretando obras clásicas del arte occidental (creadas por hombres blancos europeos), estas artistas interrumpen formas de conocimiento eurocentristas heredadas de la colonia y valorizan los saberes y conocimientos ancestrales de comunidades indígenas y afrodescendientes, con una epistemología que centra y empodera las voces y experiencias de las Otras. Tanto Gamarra como Rosales realizan prácticas artísticas que descolonizan el imaginario visual occidental sobre sus cuerpos y saberes, creando obras que subvierten el legado colonial conectado con la supremacía blanca, abrazando los cuerpos racializados y re-escribiendo la historia del arte desde el punto de vista de la alteridad.
Walnut Oil Extract and Its Ability to Scavenge Free Radicals, Phenolic Content and Effective Antioxidants
Authors: A. Ayob Shemaa
Published: February 2025

Walnuts have been the oldest food for living things. It contains biologically active antioxidants, vitamin E, omega-3 fatty acids, moreover minerals such as sodium, calcium, iron, copper, magnesium and manganese, protein and fiber, etc making it a comprehensive healthy meal. This phenols in green walnut fruits have extracted in our study using methanol. Protocatechuic acid, sinapic acid, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, and catechin have found among the individual and total phenols. Single-phenolic compound quantification is carried out using a SYKAMN chromatography system and reverse phase HPLC analysis. By using the Folin-Ciocâlteu technique, the total phenolic content (TPC) of the ethanolic extract has been calculated. The IC50 was measured, as well as the free radical scavenging of DPPH. The current research demonstrates the content of phenolic compounds in walnut oil found in the local markets of the city of Mosul, its activity as antioxidants, and its effectiveness in combating free radicals within the body when added to meals. This study may help clarify the overall health benefits of eating walnuts.
The Study of the Phraseological and Paremiological Corpus of the Spanish Language: Main Stages
Authors: Kurinnaia Anna Andreevna , Bakanova Anna Valentinovna
Published: February 2025

The article is devoted to the study of the phraseological and paremiological heritage of the Spanish language in diachronic and synchronic aspects. The aim of the work is to analyze the evolution of scholarly views on phraseological units and paremias, as well as to identify the key stages of their study within the Spanish linguistic tradition: from the first collections of proverbs and sayings in the Middle Ages to systematic, properly scientific research in the 20th–21st centuries. During the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, phraseological units were collected and commented on within the framework of the humanistic tradition, which contributed to the formation of a national corpus of paremias. In the 19th century, a descriptive approach prevailed, while in the 20th century, phraseology and paremiology became the subject of scientific analysis, incorporating linguistic, cultural, and anthropological methods. The article employs methods of historical-linguistic analysis, comparative study of sources, and systematization of scholarly approaches. Particular attention is paid to the evolution of terminology in the field of phraseology and paremiology, as well as the role of stable units in reflecting the cultural and historical peculiarities of the Spanish language. The results of the research have interdisciplinary significance and can be applied in linguistics, lexicography, and the teaching of Spanish. The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the history of phraseology and paremiology studies, encompassing both classical and modern approaches. It is emphasized that phraseological units, paremias, and the national-cultural component they contain represent an important source for studying the linguistic worldview. The research demonstrates that phraseological studies contribute to understanding cultural identity and linguistic consciousness, making them key elements in the process of preserving and transmitting cultural heritage. The findings can be used to develop educational materials, create dictionaries, and further research in the field of intercultural communication.
Prospecção in sílico da farmacocinética, toxicidade e atividade biológica da cafeína, istradefilina e SCH58261 no sistema nervoso central
Authors: Tavares Rosevane Barbosa Rosendo , Vieira Samara Victoria Bandeira , Cupidon Tainá Patrícia Sousa , Silva Andressa Santa Brigida da , Silva Bruno José Martins da , Alves Tais Vanessa Gabbay , Pinheiro Bruno Gonçalves
Published: February 2025

Objetivo: Realizar uma predição teórica das propriedades farmacocinéticas, toxicológicas e da atividade biológica da cafeína, istradefilina e SCH58261, moléculas com potencial terapêutico para distúrbios neurológicos. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo teórico realizado por simulação computacional (in silico), utilizando ferramentas como o PreADMET e o PASS para prever propriedades de concentração, distribuição, metabolismo e excreção (ADME), além de avaliar o perfil toxicológico e a interação com o sistema nervoso central (SNC). Resultados: A cafeína apresentou alta absorção e rápida eliminação, enquanto a istradefilina e o SCH58261 demonstraram maior ligação a proteínas plasmáticas, prolongando seus efeitos no organismo. Em termos de toxicidade, o SCH58261 apresentou risco cardiovascular elevado devido à inibição do canal hERG. Conclusão: Conclui-se que as moléculas investigadas possuem potencial terapêutico promissor para distúrbios neurológicos, sendo necessário um monitoramento cuidadoso dos efeitos adversos para otimização de seu uso clínico. Além disso, o estudo reforça a relevância de abordagens in silico como ferramentas auxiliares para o desenvolvimento de novos fármacos.
Retrospective Analysis of the Outcomes of Mycophenolate Therapy in Retarding the Progression of Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy (REMISSION IgA)
Authors: Rajesh Chilaka , Mani Selvin Sundar Raj , Mishra Utkarash , Roy Sanjeet , Rani N Jansi , Jain Ankit , Jayaprakash T , Dhivakar B , Lalwani Manish , Jose Nisha , Johnny Joseph , Eapen Jeethu Joseph , Thomas Athul , John Elenjickal Elias , David Vinoi George , Varughese Santosh , Alexander Suceena
Published: February 2025

Background

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common form of glomerulonephritis globally, and a leading cause of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). In India, IgAN accounts for 10-15% of kidney biopsies, often with nephrotic syndrome and renal impairment. Steroids are the mainstay of treatment, though the role of mycophenolate (MPA) is less explored. This study investigated the outcomes of MPA in IgAN.

Materials and Methods

This retrospective study included patients ≥18 years old with biopsy-proven IgAN from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2017, and eGFR >15 mL/min/1.73m2. Patients were treated with angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), steroids, and MPA based on disease activity. The cohort was divided into three groups: ARB, ARB+prednisolone, and ARB+prednisolone+MPA. eGFR and proteinuria data were collected at baseline, 12, 36, and 60 months and compared between groups.

Results

IgAN comprised 16.7% of kidney biopsies. The mean age of patients was 36.6±10.1 years, with 88.9% having hypertension. Over 60 months, eGFR decreased by 2 mL/min/1.73m2 in both groups, with 16.4% of patients in the MPA group progressing to ESKD, compared to 18.4% in the steroid group (p=0.42).

Conclusion

MPA, in addition to steroids and ARBs, may help mitigate IgAN progression, though there were no differences in ESKD progression. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to validate the role of MPA in IgAN treatment.
“Complexity Is the Worst Enemy of Security”: Studying Cybersecurity Through the Lens Of Organizational Complexity
Authors: Schneier Bruce , Vance Anthony
Published: February 2025

Writing about computer systems twenty-five years ago, Schneier wrote that “the worst enemy of security is complexity” (Schneier, 1999), because complex systems are both easier to attack and harder to secure than simpler ones. In this essay, we provide an overview of Schneier’s complexity principle and provide our observations of how two articles in this issue, Liang et al. (2025) and Tanriverdi et al. (2025), employed this principle in their research. We also offer our ideas for why complexity and cybersecurity are especially amenable for study in the field of information systems and where future research can go from here.
Modern condition and problems of cooperation of Russia with the foreign states in the field of destruction of stockpiles of chemical weapon
Authors: Soloviev V.K. , Ivachko O.M. , Kuznetsova Y.E.
Published: February 2025

The article is dedicated to problems of fulfilment of the international obligations for assistance to Rossia destruction of a chemical weapon.
Realization of Chemical Weapon Destruction in Kirov region
Authors: Gorokhov N.G.
Published: February 2025

The article deals with the realization of the program of chemical weapon de+struction in the Kirov region. Special attention is paid to the solution of social+economic problems as they are a constituent part of the program of safety guarantees for the population living within the zone of protection activities.
The Experience of Creating Systems of Ecological Safety of Chemical Weapon Destruction Objects
Authors: Tolstikh A.V.
Published: February 2025

10+years experience of creating ecological safety systems in chemical weapon destruction objects is presented. The system of industrial ecological monitoring is based on the ecological regulations and standards acting in Russia. This system is unique, there is no any analogous system either in Russia or abroad and this system is being realized in three chemical weapon destruction objects. The characteristic of the structure of industrial ecological monitoring and the regimes of its functioning are shown.
About principles and structure of the Russian know+hows of large+scale destruction of stockpiles of chemical weapon
Authors: Kondratyev V.B. , Petrunin V.A
Published: February 2025

The article deals with the principles and structure of large+scale chemical weapon destruction that are being realized in objects of Russia.
Ecological Control in the System of Ecological Safety Management in the Process of Chemical Weapon Storage and Destruction
Authors: Orlovskaya I.V.
Published: February 2025

The system of ecological normalization as an element of ecological safety of the population and an
environment is not investigated enough. In the scientific, methodological and methodical plan there are no deeply worked and scientifically proved principles, approaches, priorities and mechanisms of ecological normalization and the control over observance of the established specifications. The problem of normalization – to create flexible system of normalization of an environment.
The Use of Living Organisms of Different Taxonomic Groups in the Environmental Bio+indication
Authors: Ivanov A.V.
Published: February 2025

The results of the investigation of the abilities of organisms belonging to different taxonomic groups for bioindication are set. A specter of indicator species for biomonitoring in the zone of protection activities in the chemical weapon destruction object in the vicinity of Leonidovka station in the Penza region is selected. The effectiveness of different methods based on both morphological and physiology+biochemical criteria is evaluated.
Methylphosphonic Acid as a Regulator of Biological Processes in Ecological Systems, its Influence upon Micro+organisms, Enzymatic Activity and Higher Plants
Authors: Ashikhmina T.Y. , Kondakova L.V. , Domracheva L.A. , Ogorodnikova S.Y.
Published: February 2025

It is shown that under the influence of methylphosphonic acid (MPA) there take place some changes in the quantity, species and group composition of phototrophic microbe soil complexes as well as in the population and specious density of natural Nostoc commune bio+films. The possibility of using cyanobacteria in bio+testing of MPA content using tetrasole+topographic method is discussed. The ambiguity of MPA influence on germination and linear size of the seedlings of different agricultures is proved.
ЯЗЫК КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ МИФА В "СИРИУСЕ" КАРЛХАЙНЦА ШТОКХАУЗЕНА. ЧЕТВЕРТАЯ ЧАСТЬ (ARIES - ОВЕН)
Authors: НИКУЛИНА А В.
Published: February 2025

Принципы композиторского мышления Карлхайнца Штокхаузена рассматриваются в статье на материале слова. Вербальный текст «Сириуса» анализируется как сложная сеть взаимосвязанных смысловых лейтмотивов, раскрывающих свое значение в контексте как языческого, так и христианского мифа. Вскрываются общие алгоритмы мифического мышления, в котором язык становится непосредственным орудием и инструментом мифа.

The principles of Karlheinz Stockhausen's creative thinking are considered in the article on the material of the word. The verbal text of «Sirius» is analyzed as a complex network of interrelated semantic leitmotifs, revealing their meaning in the context of both pagan and Christian myth. The general algorithms of mythical thinking are revealed, in which language becomes a direct tool and instrument of the myth.
СПЕЦИФИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ МУЗЫКАЛЬНО-ТЕХНИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ СКРИПАЧА
Authors: ЛЮ  Ч
Published: February 2025

Автор рассматривает характерные признаки музыкально-технического образования скрипача, необходимого для создания профессионального уровня мастерства. Основное внимание здесь будет уделено изучению педагогических приемов, которые позволяют педагогу развивать эти технические и музыкально-технические навыки, среди прочего, точность интонирования, ритмическую координацию, звукоизвлечение и выразительность. Анализируются наиболее успешные педагогические приемы, применяемые в детских музыкальных школах и профессиональных учебных заведениях, и их влияние на формирование стиля игры. А затем индивидуально обсуждается роль личного подхода в обучении и то, как учитывать (при необходимости) физиологические и психологические особенности того или иного человека. В статье приводятся упражнения и приемы, способствующие развитию моторики пальцев и растяжки, повышению их самостоятельности между собой, что весьма полезно при отработке виртуозных номеров. Статья посвящена изучению научной литературы, современных методических материалов и педагогического опыта. Обобщая, можно сказать, что системный и индивидуальный подход к развитию музыкально-технических навыков игры на скрипке у каждого артиста приводит к отличному уровню игры.

The work studies individual aspects of the artistic and technical growth potential of a violinist that play an important role in mastering performance skills at a high level. It emphasizes methods of teaching which assist in the development of core musical and technical skills, such as intonation accuracy, rhythmic coordination, sound production, and expressiveness. They take a look at inquiries considered, article examines powerful pedagogical strategies in music classes of childrens music schools and further professional educational institutions, as well as their effect on practical formation. The human approach in teaching and its significance is a separate conversation that goes hand in hand with both the physical aspect - or lack thereof, and also psychological. Some exercises and techniques that develop motor skills, finger flexibility and independence required for the performance of virtuoso elements are demonstrated. The research is carried out on the basis of modern methodological materials and pedagogical experience. The article emphasizes that success in mastering music as an instrument equipped with sound is accomplished by a thoughtful and personal systematic development of both the musical performance and technical abilities of the violinist.