bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impactos sobre o aleitamento materno em crianças do município de Vespasiano durante o período de isolamento social associado à Pandemia do COVID-19
Authors: Faria Letícia Daniela de , Gonçalves Lucas Tadeu Washington , Ribeiro Samuel Melo , Ferreira Sara Noronha , Passos Thiago Carvalho , Scherrer Isabela Resende Silva
Published: May 2024

Introdução: O aleitamento materno é fundamental para a saúde infantil, oferecendo benefícios nutricionais, imunológicos e cognitivos. Dessa forma, a amamentação apresenta um papel importante na redução de comorbidade e mortalidade nas crianças. Durante a pandemia da COVID-19, a Atenção Primária, por meio as consultas de puericultura, foram prejudicas na função de acompanhar e incentivar o aleitamento materno exclusivo. Objetivo geral: Analisar o impacto do isolamento social devido à pandemia na prática de aleitamento materno em crianças de até 2 anos atendidas em três unidades de saúde. Método: Trata-se de uma coorte retrospectiva, com base na coleta de dados em prontuários de puericulturas realizadas em 3 unidades de saúde, entre março e dezembro de 2020, de pacientes de 0 a 2 anos. Os critérios de exclusão foram pacientes com contraindicação à amamentação ou prontuários com informações incompletas. Resultados: O aleitamento materno exclusivo até o sexto mês de vida, foi identificado em 38,8% da amostra. A idade de amamentação materna exclusiva entre as crianças variou de 0,3 meses a 8 meses. A idade média foi de 4,7 meses. Discussão: A adesão ao aleitamento materno exclusivo foi baixa, em comparação com as recomendações da Organização Mundial da Saúde, evidenciando a lacuna entre as diretrizes de saúde e a prática real. Aspectos como falta de suporte, questões culturais e retorno ao trabalho contribuem para essa disparidade. Em 2020, observa-se um aumento significativo no aleitamento materno exclusivo, possivelmente relacionado ao maior convívio entre mãe e bebê, sendo uma influência positiva, mas o estresse pandêmico pode impactar negativamente a amamentação. As limitações da pesquisa incluem representatividade da amostra e falta de detalhes sobre a escolha alimentar. Conclusão: Conclui-se que há uma baixa adesão ao aleitamento materno exclusivo e que é preciso reforçar estratégias mais específicas para apoiá-la. O acesso aos serviços de saúde é importante para orientar e incentivar o aleitamento materno.
Rastreio de casos de meningite em crianças de 1 a 4 anos, nos últimos 5 anos no estado de Minas Gerais
Authors: Andrade Victoria Colnago , Andrade Maria Carolina Colnago , Leite Virgílio Camargo
Published: May 2024

A meningite é caracterizada pela inflamação das meninges e do líquido cefalorraquidiano (LCR). É uma das principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade e constitui um problema de saúde pública, pois pode causar graves sequelas neurológicas e morte, principalmente na faixa etária pediátrica. O objetivo do presente estudo é coletar dados a respeito da notificação de Meningite nos últimos 5 anos em Minas Gerais, correlacionando com a importância da prevenção, diagnóstico e tratamento. Este estudo é de caráter descritivo, em que os dados avaliados são referentes a usuários do sistema de saúde no estado de Minas Gerais - Brasil, através do SINAN - Sistema de Informação de Agravos e Notificação, com busca de dados dos últimos 5 anos em relação às notificações de casos de meningite, correlacionando posteriormente com a literatura científica disponível. Ao analisar os achados conforme demonstrado na tabela 1, pode-se observar que o ano de maior incidência foi 2019, com 133 notificações,  e o de menor, 2023, com 24 notificações. Com base nos resultados evidenciados, emergiram as seguintes categorias para elucidar a respeito de tais: (3.1) Diagnóstico, (3.2) Tratamento, (3.3) Prevenção, (3.4) Imunização. Concluiu-se que a inflamação das meninges pode evoluir para casos graves em que os pacientes morrem e, em alguns casos, apresentam consequências neurológicas. É claro que o quadro clínico desta doença varia dependendo do paciente, da bactéria causadora da inflamação e da cepa.
Importância do controle glicêmico em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Gouvea Carolyne Stephany de Oliveira , Barreto Bárbara Teixeira , Costa Ana Clara Alvarez , Silva Luisa Ferreira , Tomaz Maria Clara Alves
Published: May 2024

Introdução: A cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio (CRVM) é um procedimento capaz de melhorar desfechos de pacientes com doença arterial coronariana (DAC) que tenham indicação de fazê-la, por exemplo, portadores de diabetes mellitus (DM) e doença multiarterial. Considerando, portanto, que essa comorbidade está presente em grande parte dos pacientes submetidos à CRVM e que aumentos na glicemia intraoperatória estão associados a maiores taxas de morbimortalidade, justifica-se a necessidade de um bom controle glicêmico nesses pacientes. Objetivos: Analisar evidências acerca do impacto do controle glicêmico em pacientes submetidos à CRVM. Métodos: Revisão de 16 artigos encontrados nas bases de dados PubMed e Google Scholar, a partir dos descritores "Coronary Artery Bypass Graft”, “Glycemic Control”, "Intraoperative Period" e “Morbidity and Mortality”, utilizando os filtros idioma inglês, publicação nos últimos 20 anos e estudos dos tipos ensaio clínico, meta-análise, coorte e revisão sistemática. Resultados e discussão: Os estudos mostraram que o controle glicêmico intensivo associa-se a maior taxa de hipoglicemia em comparação com o conservador, com uma meta-análise resultando em RR = 2,07 e IC-95  entre 1,29 e 3,32. Além disso, os resultados diferem no que tange a redução de eventos adversos e mortalidade. Por exemplo, em uma revisão sistemática o controle intensivo reduziu a mortalidade precoce (OR = 0,52; IC-95 de 0,30 a 0,91 e p < 0,02), enquanto que em outra não se observou diferença significativa na mortalidade do grupo controle (1,8%) e do grupo com infusão insulínica para controle glicêmico (1,5%), com OR = 0,85 e IC-95 entre 0,43 e 1,67. Conclusão: Foi possível compreender que o controle glicêmico intensivo parece estar associado a uma maior incidência de hipoglicemia sem que reduza as complicações ou a mortalidade pós-operatória. Contudo, um controle glicêmico conservador (entre 120 e 180 mg/dL) possivelmente mitiga o risco de infecções e de mortalidade, sendo recomendado pela  Society of Thoracic Surgeons. Em suma, visto os resultados conflitantes dos trabalhos encontrados, é imprescindível mais estudos randomizados para esclarecer as melhores práticas de controle glicêmico durante a CRVM.
Tizerpatida: a nova promessa contra a obesidade
Authors: Carvalho Giulia Morais Leandro de , Barros Laiza Alencar Santos
Published: May 2024

A obesidade é uma doença crônica, progressiva, caracterizada pelo acúmulo excessivo de gordura corporal, que pode levar a diversos riscos à saúde, que afeta cerca de 1 bilhão de pessoas ao redor do mundo, com taxas de incidência crescente. A obesidade pode ser causada por fatores genéticos, disfunções endócrinas e estilo de vida, como alimentação desbalanceada e falta de atividade física e pode resultar em complicações como diabetes, dislipidemias, doenças cardiovasculares e distúrbios de sono. A obesidade pode ser classificada pelo Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) ou pelo perímetro da cintura. Sabidamente, o tecido adiposo, aumentado na obesidade, pode levar ao desenvolvimento de diabetes tipo 2 e essa associação traz complicações graves de saúde. O tratamento envolve redução de peso, dieta, exercícios e terapia comportamental, mas medicamentos podem ser utilizados quando o tratamento não farmacológico falha, e a cirurgia pode ser uma opção em casos graves. O tirzepatida é um medicamento recentemente aprovado para o tratamento do diabetes tipo 2 e obesidade que atua como um agonista de GLP-1 e GIP, promovendo o controle glicêmico e a perda de peso. Estudos mostram que o tirzepatida pode ser mais eficaz do que outros medicamentos existentes. Mas, ainda são necessárias mais pesquisas para compreender sua eficácia, segurança e compará-lo a outros medicamentos disponíveis.
Associação entre doença do refluxo gastroesofágico e dificuldades alimentares na infância: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Souza Mylenna Bomfim , Rodrigues Isabella Moreira Saraiva , Souza Júllia Beatriz Araujo , Bomfim Kamile Vitória Silva , Bisneto Pedro de Medeiros Chaves , Oliveira Letícia Ferreira de , Carvalho Ana Carolina Ribeiro , Bispo Ana Jovina Barreto
Published: May 2024

Justificativa: DRGE é uma doença frequente na pediatria que pode ocasionar diversas consequências. Objetivo: Avaliar as dificuldades alimentares em crianças com Doença do Refluxo Gastroesofágico (DRGE). Métodos: Consiste em uma revisão integrativa realizada através de descritores nas bases de dados Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), PubMed Central (PMC) e Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO). Sendo selecionados artigos que estavam incluídos nos critérios de inclusão e de exclusão definidos previamente de modo que fosse possível atingir o objetivo proposto. Resultados: Foram encontrados 933 artigos no início da pesquisa, após aplicar os critérios escolhidos restaram 366 artigos para leitura, dos quais foram selecionados 6 estudos para compor a base de dados dessa revisão. Após realizar uma revisão e uma análise criteriosa desses artigos, observou-se que a DRGE pode acometer crianças e ocasionar complicações como esofagite, distúrbios ventilatórios e nutricionais. Apesar de não haver uma prevalência definida, sabe-se que sua prevalência está em ascensão nos últimos anos. Entre as complicações da DRGE, as dificuldades alimentares, como recusa alimentar, problemas na deglutição, seletividade, apetite reduzido e fobia alimentar, merecem destaque nesse público, visto que estão associadas ao desenvolvimento de distúrbios como déficit de crescimento e desnutrição. Conclusão: DRGE é uma doença frequentemente relacionada com problemas alimentares na pediatria em que afeta a qualidade de vida das crianças e dos seus cuidadores.
Complicações obstétricas em gestantes com diabetes gestacional: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Souza Gabriela Neves de , Oliveira Maria Luiza Franco de , Oliveira Luana Trindade Sousa de , Alves Maria Laura Figueiredo Severiano , Esteves Gabriela de Paula
Published: May 2024

O Diabetes Mellitus Gestacional (DMG) é um distúrbio metabólico comum durante a gravidez, caracterizado principalmente pela resistência à insulina. Essa condição afeta cerca de 14% das gestantes mundialmente e é especialmente preocupante devido às suas implicações para a mãe e o neonato. Os principais fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento do DMG incluem obesidade, uma dieta rica em gorduras, sedentarismo e predisposição genética. O presente artigo realiza uma revisão detalhada dos diversos aspectos do DMG, abordando sua etiologia, epidemiologia, fisiopatologia, métodos de diagnóstico e opções de tratamento. Adicionalmente, discutem-se as complicações obstétricas e neonatais que podem surgir caso a condição não seja adequadamente gerenciada. O diagnóstico do DMG geralmente é confirmado por meio de um teste oral de tolerância à glicose, realizado entre o segundo e o terceiro trimestre de gestação. A identificação precoce e as intervenções apropriadas são cruciais para minimizar os riscos de complicações futuras, como o desenvolvimento de diabetes tipo 2 e doenças cardiovasculares, tanto para as mães quanto para os filhos. As estratégias de tratamento primário focam em mudanças no estilo de vida, tais como ajustes na dieta e aumento da atividade física. Nos casos em que essas medidas não são suficientes para controlar os níveis de glicose, pode-se necessitar da administração de insulina. Em suma, um estudo voltado para esta temática proporciona uma compreensão abrangente do DMG e de suas implicações clínicas, visando oferecer um panorama informativo e atualizado sobre este relevante tema da saúde pública.
A educação médica durante o período de isolamento provocado pela pandemia da COVID-19
Authors: Coelho Mauricio Hanani Pinho , Martins Cleydiane Aparecida Leal , Lobão Lucia Meirelles , Cavalcanti Fabrício Tenório
Published: May 2024

Introdução: A educação médica passou por uma grande mudança no período da pandemia da COVID-19. A suspensão das atividades presenciais e a implantação do ensino remoto trouxe novos desafios e estratégias a serem adotadas pelas instituições com intuito de minimizar o impacto gerado no ensino. Objetivo: Identificar as estratégias adotadas no ensino remoto na educação médica, demonstrando o ponto de vista dos estudantes e professores de medicina.  Metodologia: A pesquisa caracteriza-se como exploratória, qualitativa e do tipo revisão bibliográfica.  A coleta de artigos foi realizada nas plataformas Scientific Electronic Library Online (Scielo), Public/Publisher Medline (PubMed) e de forma complementar no Google Acadêmico. Resultados: Foi observado uma positividade na adoção do sistema remoto pela maioria dos discentes e docentes, porém muitas dificuldades no que tange a adaptação, organização e instabilidade de sinal. A preocupação em relação a produtividade e absorção de conteúdo pelos alunos também foi relatada pelos professores. Conclusão: O ensino remoto durante o período de isolamento social apesar de suas limitações e das discordâncias, foi uma ferramenta fundamental na minimização do impacto gerado pela suspenção das aulas presenciais. Ainda que tenha gerado alguma falha no ensino, sua implantação foi primordial e única naquele período
Experience of DVI teams with identification work in light of Interpol standards: report of the 31st Interpol International DVI Conference in Lyon
Authors:   Centralne Laboratorium Kryminalistyczne Policji, Milczarek-Jabłońska Magdalena
Published: May 2024

Standardised identification procedures that are accepted by DVI teams from different countries enable efficient and effective exchange of information at the international level and form the basis for effective identification of victims of disasters especially those that may result in the deaths of hundreds and sometimes thousands of victims of different nationalities. The purpose of this article is to present the latest global reports on the identification of disaster victims, the organisation of identification work at the scene of a mass casualty incident, and the study of primary and secondary identification methods in the Interpol standard, based on information gathered at the 31st Interpol International DVI Conference, which took place from July 21 to 23, 2022 at the headquarters of the Interpol General Secretariat in Lyon, France.
Modern trace visualisation methods for examining shells and bullets
Authors:   Forensic Laboratory of the Voivodeship Police Headquarters in Gdańsk, Arciszewski Robert
Published: May 2024

The purpose of the article is to present the research opportunities, using visualization methods, provided by the use of state-of-the-art digital microscopy equipment on the equipment of the Forensic Laboratories of the Provincial Police Headquarters. The methods presented in the article allow for the analysis of traces in a way that provides new opportunities in conducting research in the course of performing forensic weapons and ballistics expertise, and thus have a significant impact on the inference of evidence and the course of the event. Keywords: digital microscope, identification research, trace visualization.
Proprietary application for the management of laboratories and law firms BIO‑Q_ LK
Authors:   Centralne Laboratorium Kryminalistyczne Policji, Kudło Tomasz
Published: May 2024

Due to the high number of tasks, a Forensic Laboratory requires the use of information processing IT systems in order to ensure fast and efficient operation. A proprietary application has been developed using the Microsoft Access software for the purposes of routine laboratory and legal procedures, of the designation BIO‑Q_LK.
CAN-BOX – OBD II Interface – or how to simplify mechanoscopic examination of electronic vehicle components
Authors:   Forensic Laboratory of the Voivodeship Police Headquarters in Łodzi, Witczak Piotr
Published: May 2024

The research and development project titled: ‘The detection of fingerprint traces with nanoparticles generated using high pressure technology’, also known as NANODAK, involved the development of a new generation of formulations for the detection of fingerprint traces: NANODAK 30, NANODAK 40 and NANODAK 1. Nanodetectors are safe for people and for the environment and are just as effective as dactyloscopic powder, which in practice has the form of argentorate. The new formulations do not demonstrate any negative effects on other methods of ingerprinting or genetic testing. Nanodetectors, which represent a new generation of fingerprint detection methods, can be implemented in the target environment in order to improve the detecting potential of law enforcement authorities and improve the working conditions of forensic experts and technicians. The funding for this project was provided by the National Centre for Research and Development.
The NANODAK Research and Development Project
Authors:   Centralne Laboratorium Kryminalistyczne Policji, Rogoża Ewa , Drzewiecka Katarzyna ,   Centralne Laboratorium Kryminalistyczne Policji
Published: May 2024

The research and development project titled: ‘The detection of fingerprint traces with nanoparticles generated using high pressure technology’, also known as NANODAK, involved the development of a new generation of formulations for the detection of fingerprint traces: NANODAK 30, NANODAK 40 and NANODAK 1. Nanodetectors are safe for people and for the environment and are just as effective as dactyloscopic powder, which in practice has the form of argentorate. The new formulations do not demonstrate any negative effects on other methods of ingerprinting or genetic testing. Nanodetectors, which represent a new generation of fingerprint detection methods, can be implemented in the target environment in order to improve the detecting potential of law enforcement authorities and improve the working conditions of forensic experts and technicians. The funding for this project was provided by the National Centre for Research and Development.
Methodology for securing environmental traces in the form of diatomaceous material
Authors:   Centrum Szkolenia Policji w Legionowie, Bogusz Iwona , Żelazna-Wieczorek Joanna ,   Uniwersytet Łódzki, Jesionowska Izabela ,   Uniwersytet Łódzki
Published: May 2024

The use of diatoms as environmental forensic traces is an ideal tool for linking a person to a specific place –environment, and may also be helpful in diagnosing drownings or determining the place of drowning. This is a standard tool used by law enforcement agencies in numerous European countries, as well as in Australia, China, India and the United States of America. The aim of this work is to indicate possible methods and principles that should be used to secure diatoms at the scene during procedural activities such as site examination and search, as well as to promote knowledge in thefield of forensic diatomology in Poland. This methodology was developed based on recognized and widely used experience in obtaining and securing diatoms for the purposes of research based on their taxonomy and ecology as well as on the literature. Werecommend a procedure for securing diatom material based on methods used and developed by scientists and adapted to the conditions and technical capabilities available to a Polish police officer – a foresnsic technician.
My Puppet, My Freedom!
Authors:   The Association Marionetta e Terapia, BAGNO Albert
Published: May 2024

The puppet has always been the metaphor of freedom. Here is a list of events that have taken place over the centuries and in various countries where puppetry has been necessary to claim freedom. Try not to solo the voice of the voice, but the voice of the voice does not have voice! No, during a difficult period, and in the course of developments and war, the Marionette was born in particular and it was a difficult task at the moment. The most surprising thing is that during periods of time it is not alone that it is difficult to move and it is difficult to do so, but I keep people in the community for a while to resist, resist and live poorly all the time.
Lessons Regarding Liberty
Authors:   "George Enescu" National University of Arts from Iași, Roamania, CIOBOTARU Anca-Doina
Published: May 2024

Research represents a form of expression of the need for exploration from which questions and reformulations arise, but also a way of assimilating fundamental "lessons", about the profession, about life; and – thus –, the story goes on. Thus, exploring the "Horia Barbu Oprișan" fund, within the archive of the "Romanian Peasant Museum" (MTR), in Bucharest, has implicitly allowed me to approach the labor behind the books about the history of popular theater (with or without puppets). In my mind, questions sprout through which I return to his most well-known works, Teatru fără scenă [Theater without a Stage] and Teatrul popular românesc [Romanian Popular Theater]. What was not included in the volumes? What remains in the sealed files with strings, like crosses of the researcher's destiny. In fact, the three puppeteers – Ion Perjan, Ghiță - Artist of the World, and Rudy (Rudolf) Nesvadba - whose profiles are outlined by Horia Barbu Oprișan, urge us to reflect on the necessity of rearranging information. The history of animation theater in Romania - a puzzle of unknown theatrical destinies, but which have often produced unforgettable emotions, invites a reevaluation of informative resources - more or less known. Each reader has their own perspective, born from their own concerns; each spectator has their own reception, born from personal searches; the lesson of freedom of choice represents a possible meeting point.
Metaphor and Theatre
Authors:   Faculty of Theatre and Film, Babeș-Bolyai University of Cluj-Napoca, TEAMPĂU Radu
Published: May 2024

This paper aims to analyze how metaphor operates in the theatrical realm. Metaphor viewed from a linguistic point of view has a certain impact on theatre and is a consequence of looking at theatre as language. But viewed from a pragmatic point of view, beyond the linguistic aspect, as a model of thinking, metaphor becomes a cognitive tool. Between these two perspectives lies a wide range of ways in which theatrical metaphor intervenes in the scenic creation. At the same time, seen as a metaphor of life, theatre assumes, through a series of successive metaphors, a creative freedom which, however, can become anarchic and end up in what is called dead metaphor. For this reason, metaphor, from the point of view of theatre creators, must be assumed insofar as it is a conceptual tool, which has the ability to penetrate the various levels of reality in order to achieve a meaning concomitant with a sense of the scenic action. This may be the real freedom that the use of metaphor offers in theatre: the ability to achieve a meaning concomitant with a sense of the scenic action in the absence of the chain of cause and effect. Only in this way can metaphor remain an element of vitality in a living theatre.
The limits of freedom: Eu sunt! Și? Case
Authors:   Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Romania - Department of Theatre Arts - Faculty of Letters, BOLDEA Sorin-Dan
Published: May 2024

In 2019, in Romania, there has been an active debate about the limits of theatre expression in the Eastern European cultural space. It is acknowledged that documentary and political theatre have a strong influence on the cultural scene in Eastern Europe, especially after the emergence and appreciation of new techniques such as Verbatim or Devised Theatre among theatre makers. Notwithstanding the fact that these forms of theatre, which have an extremely strong social and critical voice, have appeared in the European space for decades and have started to become more and more widespread, in 2018, in Cluj-Napoca, the premiere of the performance Eu sunt! Și?, directed by Loran Betty, for which I wrote the text. This performance was performed for a year all around Romania, and in 2019 it was proposed for censorship and amendment by the Romanian Orthodox Church. This was one of the first cases of its kind after the exit from the Romanian communist regime, one of the first, or even the first, to be fined by the National Council for Combating Discrimination in Romania, for discriminating against people of faith. Therefore, it is important to understand the context in which this event occurred, as well as the history of performances with similar concerns after Communism, and of course, the opinion of the authors of this performance. In addition to all this, we will also analyze performances that addressed similar themes in the Romanian space and discuss the limits and freedoms of theatre in the Romanian cultural space.
Stage Lighting In Puppetry, A Friend Or An Enemy ?
Authors:   George Enescu National University of Arts, OCNEANU Ileana
Published: May 2024

When dealing with such topics as lighting setup, particularly in a puppet production, and its impact on the actor, namely the puppeteer, the main goal is to emphasize the importance of a stage element that is often ignored by the director and the lighting technicians as well as by other members of the production crew including the actor, the scenographer or the coreographer. My interest in this issue is not of recent date and the present article is the result of both collecting information on lighting techniques and concepts (lighting points, positions, dimensions, technical equipment, aso) and interviewing lighting technicians in this art , as one may call it, on their correlation to every phase in the evolution of a production. I do not claim to have supplied clear solutions to the above matter, but I have opened a path for debate for those that are interested in such aspects, mostly for those that can actually address this issue in an appropriate manner when working on the lighting setup of a puppet production or other stage production.
Theatrical metaphor in a „woke” and „cancel” culture
Authors:   George Enescu National University of Arts, NEDELCUȚĂ Adrian-Paul
Published: May 2024

In this article we explore the complexity of the metaphor in contemporary theatre, emphasizing its importance in the context of "woke" and ”cancel” culture. We argue that, historically, theatre has been a medium in which the metaphor has played an essential role, serving as a means of creative expression and challenging seemingly immutable realities. In the modern era, theatre faces new challenges, including pressures to be socially responsible and inclusive, which can limit the use of metaphors. We emphasize the need for artistic freedom in theatre to enable a deep exploration of human complexity and to keep theatre relevant and accessible. It also discusses how current pressures can drive self-censorship in art, but we emphasize that creativity can flourish even under constraints, suggesting that metaphor can evolve to remain relevant in the face of social change. By calling for ongoing dialogue in the theatre community about the role of art and freedom of expression, we highlight the importance of adaptation and innovation in the face of contemporary challenges, maintaining theatre as a vital space for reflection, introspection and social change. We conclude with the question: If there is a space where the metaphor and the actor can take on new meaning, challenge and innovate in a way that balances the respectful approximation of diversity and inclusion with the unceasing desire for artistic exploration.
Cinematic Symbolism: Delving into Metaphor within Film
Authors:   National University of Theatre and Film "Ion Luca Caragiale" in Bucharest, MELINTE Olimpia
Published: May 2024

Metaphor transcends its role as mere embellishment and emerges as a pivotal process within both language and cognition. This article ventures into uncharted territory within film studies by exploring the potential application of Max Black's interactional theory of metaphor and cognitive metaphor theory to analyze metaphor in film language. This perspective, though hitherto unexplored in film studies, proves indispensable for dissecting complex metaphorical structures within film texts and offers a precise framework for understanding associative language in film. Initially, this study delves into the description of the metaphorical process as delineated by interaction and cognitive metaphor theories, applying them to the analysis of film texts. Special emphasis is placed on elucidating how ideology intricately intertwines with the construction and reception of both conventional and non-conventional metaphors. In the article the final segment, meticulous analyses of Roland Emmerich's "2012" is conducted, spotlighting the interplay of structuring, personification, and displacement metaphors in shaping the ideological discourses embedded within the films.
STEM From Dance in Action
Authors: Toussaint Yamilee
Published: May 2024

Experience the captivating fusion of computer science and dance in this mesmerizing video captured at Barnard's Movement Lab. Watch as STEM From Dance participants showcase their choreographed performance alongside their own programmed animations, illustrating the powerful synergy between technology and artistic expression. This video exemplifies how the intersection of computer science and dance not only fosters inclusivity and belonging in STEM but also unleashes boundless creativity and innovation.
Portada núm. 108 Las cuencas tropicales de América: Amazonas y Caribe.
Authors: Mora Van Cauwelaert Santiago
Published: May 2024

La portada del número 108 de la Revista Cartográfica invita a reflexionar sobre las selvas del continente americano, delimitada al norte por el Trópico de Cáncer y al sur por el Trópico de Capricornio. El mapa revela dos grandes regiones que caracterizan la zona tropical de América: la cuenca del Amazonas y la cuenca del Caribe. Cada una es emblemática de aquello que se considera tropical y, a la vez, contrastan en muchos otros sentidos...
Enhancing Outlier Detection and Dimensionality Reduction in Machine Learning for Extreme Value Analysis
Authors: Tiwari Dr. Virendra Kumar , Jain Ashish , Singh Rohit , Singh Priyanka
Published: May 2024

An outlier is generally defined as an observation that significantly deviates from the rest of the considered compliance. In the realm of ultramodern machine literacy, where analysis of multidimensional datasets is current, improving data quality is imperative for economists aiming to gain robust results. Numerous machine learning algorithms are sensitive to both the range and distribution of trait values within the input data. The presence of outliers in the input data can distort and misguide the training process of machine literacy algorithms, leading to prolonged training times, less precise models, and eventually inferior issues. Prior to the construction of prophetic models using training data, outliers can introduce incorrect representations, thereby impacting interpretations of the collected data. Traditional outlier discovery methods frequently concentrate on banning the tails of distributions and overlooking the data generation processes specific to individual datasets. Colorful styles are useful for detecting different types of outliers in high-dimensional datasets from two distinct perspectives: relating the devious aspects of a data object and setting devious data objects within a dataset. N-dimensional data poses a significant challenge within the realm of machine literacy, contributing to the diversity of challenges faced in the field.
The Charlottesville Tapes Revisited
Authors:   University of Virginia School of Architecture, McQuisition Lauren A.
Published: May 2024

In the fall of 1982, Dean Jaquelin Robertson of the University of Virginia’s School of Architecture staged a two-day conference on the state of architectural practice. Held in UVA’s Rotunda, the closed-door conference included twenty-four invited architects. The group, although ideologically diverse, was notably entirely male and overwhelmingly Euro-American. Those in attendance included established and emerging architects Philip Johnson, Paul Rudolph, Tadao Ando, Peter Eisenman, Robert Stern, Michael Graves, Frank Gehry, and Rem Koolhaas among others. Organized much like a studio review, each architect presented a single, unpublished project which was then critiqued and debated by the group. The full transcript of the proceedings, was later published by Rizzoli. The Charlottesville Tapes, was intended as the first in a recur-ring series of conferences and publications of “architects on architecture” emphasizing the role of designers, rather than critics, historians, or journalists in establishing the discourse of contemporary practice.Organized at a critical moment in the early 1980s, the disci-pline was caught between competing claims and shifting ideological viewpoints on innovation and tradition, history and theory, and modern and post-modern aesthetics. Rather than resolve these tensions, the event intended to explore the pluralistic state of contemporary practice through a series of open debates, a democratic format, further reinforced by the auspicious setting of Thomas Jefferson’ Academical Village. Frequently referenced as an early moment of recognition for the younger generation of invited architects, many of the conference’s participants later served in prominent leader-ship roles in practice and academia, receiving international recognition for their work. As a result, the conference has had lasting repercussions for architectural practice and pedagogy, particularly in the US context.
Sistan Mapped: A History of Cartographic Representations of a Borderland Region
Authors:   University of Cincinnati, Sarabandikachyani Samira
Published: May 2024

In the late 19th century Qajar Dynasty, British imperialism in Iran changed the essence of the Sistan region by imposing a new border line between Iran and Afghanistan. The British redefined territorial boundaries, all influenced by a “colonial gaze”— seeing the region as a miserable space, awaiting reclamation by supposedly more civilized cultures. This paper takes a qualitative, interpretive-historical approach along with visual analysis to examine five historical maps of Sistan as primary sources. This study examines how the border imposition was artificially created through mapping and cartographic representations, how the British showed various moments of confrontation and displacement of regional identities, and how Persians resisted to save their territoriality and reverse the colonial gaze. Initially, a 10th-century world map crafted by Ibn Hawqal indicates the historical significance of Sistan in both Persian culture and the Islamic world. Then, Dhulfaqar Kirmani’s 1871-1873 map invokes the “mythical unity” of Sistan, drawing inspiration from Abu’l Qasim Firdausi’s Shahnameh (Book of Kings) to assert Iran’s claim. Frederic Goldsmid’s 1872 map, reflecting British interests, serves as an “ideological construct” to assert colonial control. Mirza Mohammad-Reza Tabrizi’s map as a “cultural construct” blends indigenous territoriality with British influence, showcasing a complex hybrid. Finally, Henry McMahon’s 1905 map highlights the interplay between meanings and power while revealing the impact of local resistance on Sistan’s cartographic representation. These interpretations demonstrate that maps are not disembodied representations or neutral constructs. Sistan is depicted on these maps as a “region interrupted” by Eurocentric perspectives, a “region united” by Persian maps, and a “region in-between” when the British maintained their political order and relied on the locals to resist the imposed border, resulting in an ongoing “place of conflict.” Overall, this paper unveils how these maps transformed Sistan into an “in-between” region, striated by delineated boundaries, disrupting its seamless territorial perception.
Storying Design Practice with Five Indigenous Design Paradigms
Authors:   University of Manitoba, Black Honoure , Coar Lancelot ,   University of Manitoba, Bailey Shawn ,   University of Manitoba
Published: May 2024

How can design teaching and the design professions decolonize design practice and create a reciprocal praxis for both Indigenous and Non-Indigenous practitioners, students, and scholars? This is a question, as both Indigenous and settler scholars, we have begun to address through the development of a new methodological praxis with guiding paradigms. By embracing the concept of Anishinaabemowen, Gimiigiwemin, “we are exchanging gifts,” we prioritize listening to the land to ensure that our process considers place more thoroughly. This process-based design approach is intended to contribute to help guide both academic and professional design practices to engage more meaningfully with an expanded world view that prioritizes creating meaningful connections to the land. The Five Decolonizing Design Paradigms are rooted in land-based teaching initiatives through the Faculty of Architecture. These paradigms are ever developing, and are shared here through stories of projects that are guided through the teachings of: Danakamigad: it takes place, happens in a certain place; Andotan: listen for it and wait to hear it; Bawaajigan; a dream, a vision; Meshkwad: in turn, in exchange; and Naagotoon: make it show, reveal it. The intention of these paradigms and these experiences is that they may contribute to a path forward for the design disciplines as we collectively work towards truth and reconciliation.
Psychoanalytic Understanding of Unsaturated Questions and the Analytic Field in the Design Process
Authors:   The University of Texas at Austin, Danze Elizabeth
Published: May 2024

In architecture, a teaching relationship is based on one person being devoted to the growth in the other. By looking at the discipline of psychoanalysis and the relationship between psychoanalyst and analysand we are better able to understand how particular aspects of teaching methods and the working relationship between student and teacher might be enriched.The exchange between analyst and analysand is a journey of discovery aimed at increasing self-awareness and acquiring the ability to become autonomously self-aware. The analogies between this model and the quest to find best methods to guide the emerging designer hold much potential. By looking at the concept of unsaturated questions and the analytic field we see how they might inform the design studio process and working alignment. An unsaturated question is an invitation by the analyst for the analysand to reflect and imagine without suggesting any direction they should take – neither stating that something is true nor validating its correctness. In the design studio, the instructor’s unsaturated question fosters a designer’s mind, stimulating inquiry but also delayingcertainty, relying on the student to find answers from within. We see clinicians advocate in different ways for expanding the analysand’s thinking, imagining, and feeling. In our students, we in turn see how to expand the same capacities as well as self-observation via an appreciation for process knowledge. In this technique, the therapist must wait for new ideas to emerge. It is essential that the analyst (or teacher) watch, listen, wait, and not be seduced into “working too hard” for, or in lieu of, the patient (or student) doing this themselves. By looking at unsaturated questions and the analytic field we are offered a model for interactions with emerging designers to equip them to think analytically and creatively and seek their unique, authentic voice.
From Home Front to Architectural Frontier: How The Cambridge School Redefined Architectural Pedagogy
Authors:   Harvard Graduate School of Design Parsons School of Design, Falkovskaia Sonya
Published: May 2024

The Cambridge School of Architecture and Landscape Architecture, active from 1915 to 1942,1 was a groundbreaking institution in architectural education. It was the first U.S. school to grant master’s degrees to women and integrated the teaching of architecture and landscape architecture.2 Beginning and ending at the height of two world wars, the Cambridge School challenged prevailing academic and professional norms, offering a disruptive, barrier-free space that redefined architectural pedagogy and influenced the field.Largely forgotten to history, this paper uses the conceptual framework of the home front to reframe the school’s legacy as one of defiance to a system that tried to silence it, particularly its influence on Harvard’s Graduate School of Design (GSD). By collecting and uncovering previously disparate source materials from several archives, this paper connects the physical manifestations of the school to its pedagogical frameworks to elucidate the school’s complex and far-reaching influence during its active years and beyond.Recognizing the Cambridge School’s contributions provides a deeper understanding of the women’s role in architectural education and challenges historical dismissals of their contributions. This pioneering institution reshaped architectural pedagogy, promoted women’s agency, and continues to offer valuable lessons for a more inclusive and equitable architectural profession.
Teaching Timber Across the Curriculum: A Two-Studio Sequence on Mass Timber
Authors:   University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Harpster Michael , Karle Sarah ,   University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Published: May 2024

Contemporary discourse around mass timber tends to focus on the material’s ecological, formal, or technical significance and not on the unique role the material might play within an academic design studio. As mass timber continues to gain prominence within the built environment and within academic design studios, educators must develop a critical understanding of mass timber that extends beyond its sustainability and that considers the material’s role within design pedagogy and architectural education. This paper outlines a two-semester sequence of undergraduate design studios that attempts to do just that by introducing students to broader considerations of mass timber’s extraction, production, transportation, installation, and cultural reception within the built environment. Over the course of two successive designstudios, students were given the opportunity to explore the technical as well as the formal and aesthetic possibilities of mass timber elements. With each semester providing unique geographic and programmatic contexts for student investigation, the two-studio sequence allowed students to gain a diverse understanding of the constraints and subsequent design possibilities for mass timber design. Throughout both semesters, students collaborated directly with structural engineers and mass timber fabricators and installers to gain a detailed understanding of the technical constraints and structural limitations of various mass timber systems, including one-way post and beam systems, two-way post and plate systems, and full CLT bearing wall systems.Ultimately, by participating in an extended studio sequence focused on the design and implementation of mass timber within the built environment, students developed the knowledge and skills necessary to operate with creativity and critical agency as they prepare to transition from an academic setting into professional practice. Exposing students to the regulatory, fabrication, transportation, and structural constraints of mass timber within a recursive learning environment empowered students to engage with these common constraints in informed and creative ways, extending their thinking beyond the passive reception of normative practices and toward broader, more critical interpretations of mass timber.
Principles of integrated reporting of agricultural enterprises
Authors: Prodanchuk Mykhailo , Shevchuk Nataliіa , Hodniuk Iryna
Published: May 2024

Introduction. National agricultural enterprises, having found themselves under the influence of the military conflict and European integration transformations, must actively work on entering world markets and attracting investments in order to ensure not only their own sustainability but also the recovery and development of the agricultural sector of Ukraine as a whole. In particular, integrated reporting is becoming a key tool for ensuring transparency and creating a favorable environment for investors. A deep understanding of one's own benefit from integrated reporting enables agricultural enterprises to more effectively adapt to dynamic changes in their internal and external environment. In addition, it creates opportunities to build stable and stable development strategies in conditions of constant challenges and instability.
The purpose of the article is improving and deepening the understanding of the impact of the principles of integrated reporting on the company's communications with stakeholders, who play a key role in the modern business environment.
Methods. In the process of researching the principles of integrated reporting, general scientific methodological techniques were used, in particular induction and deduction. Methods of scientific knowledge, method of analogies, methods of analysis and synthesis, method of system analysis, comparison and generalization were used.
Results. It has been established that the basic and additional principles of integrated reporting are the determining elements in the process of creating a high-quality and integrated integrated report. In addition, the significant impact of these principles on the formation and maintenance of effective information communications between the enterprise and its stakeholders in the context of enterprise management was revealed. It is justified that the basic principles of integrated reporting should be supplemented with the principle of transparency.
Prospects. Implementation with the perspective of compliance with the principles of integrated reporting in accounting practice opens up prospects for enterprises to increase transparency, improve interaction with stakeholders, and increase public trust. This contributes to sustainable development, optimization of resource management, increased competitiveness, and can also lead to the attraction of new investors and expansion of market opportunities for the enterprise.
Extension of the scope of the photoluminescence method after electron irradiation for quantifying low-level carbon in silicon
Authors: Tajima Michio , Samata Shuichi , Nakagawa Satoko , Ishigaki Hiroki , Ishihara Noriyuki
Published: May 2024

We have extended the applicability of the photoluminescence method after electron irradiation for quantifying low-level C impurities in Si crystals. The intensity ratio of the G-line to the intrinsic emission normalized by the ratio of the reference sample is used as an index of the C concentration. The calibration curves have already been established for Czochralski-grown crystals with resistivity higher than 50 Ω·cm (n-type) and higher than 5 kΩ·cm (p-type). We showed that the method was extendable to the resistivity range down to 30 Ω·cm in n-type samples with the O concentration in the range 1–6 × 1017 cm−3. The extension to float-zone (FZ) crystals was realized by using the theoretical relationship between the C concentration and the G-line intensity ratio normalized by the ratio of the FZ reference sample. Regarding the extension to conductive p-type B-doped samples, the formation of B-related radiation-induced defects was found to be an obstacle.