bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On decomposition of pseudo BL-algebras
Authors: Dvurečenskij Anatolij , Kowalski Tomasz
Published: May 2011

We show that under some conditions, imposed on coatoms and maximal idempotents of a pseudo BL-algebra, we can decompose a pseudo BL-algebra M as an ordinal sum and we show that then M is linearly ordered. We investigate pseudo BL-algebras with a unique coatom a and with a maximal idempotent, and analyze two main situations: either a
n = a
n+1 holds for some n ≥ 1, or a
n > a
n+1 hold for any n ≥ 1. We note that there exist (subdirectly irreducible) algebras with two coatoms that are not linearly ordered, so the restriction to a single coatom is natural.
Representation of perfect and local MV-algebras
Authors: Gerla Brunella , Russo Ciro , Spada Luca
Published: May 2011

We describe representation theorems for local and perfect MV-algebras in terms of ultraproducts involving the unit interval [0, 1]. Furthermore, we give a representation of local Abelian ℓ-groups with strong unit as quasi-constant functions on an ultraproduct of the reals. All the above theorems are proved to have a uniform version, depending only on the cardinality of the algebra to be embedded, as well as a definable construction in ZFC.

The paper contains both known and new results and provides a complete overview of representation theorems for such classes.
Higher degrees of distributivity in complete generalized MV-algebras
Authors: Jakubík Ján
Published: May 2011

We apply the notion of generalized MV-algebra (GMV-algebra, in short) in the sense of Galatos and Tsinakis. Let M be a complete GMV-algebra and let α be a cardinal. We prove that M is α-distributive if and only if it is (α, 2)-distributive. We deal with direct summands of M which are homogeneous with respect to higher degrees of distributivity.
Right orders and amalgamation for lattice-ordered groups
Authors: Bludov V. , Glass A.
Published: May 2011

Let H
i be a sublattice subgroup of a lattice-ordered group G
i (i = 1, 2). Suppose that H
1 and H
2 are isomorphic as lattice-ordered groups, say by φ. In general, there is no lattice-ordered group in which G
1 and G
2 can be embedded (as lattice-ordered groups) so that the embeddings agree on the images of H
1 and H
1φ. In this article we prove that the group free product of G
1 and G
2 amalgamating H
1 and H
1φ is right orderable and so embeddable (as a group) in a lattice-orderable group. To obtain this, we use our necessary and sufficient conditions for the free product of right-ordered groups with amalgamated subgroup to be right orderable [BLUDOV, V. V.—GLASS, A. M. W.: Word problems, embeddings, and free products of right-ordered groups with amalgamated subgroup, Proc. London Math. Soc. (3) 99 (2009), 585–608]. We also provide new limiting examples to show that amalgamation can fail in the category of lattice-ordered groups even when the amalgamating sublattice subgroups are convex and normal (ℓ-ideals) and solve of Problem 1.42 from [KOPYTOV, V. M.—MEDVEDEV, N. YA.: Ordered groups. In: Selected Problems in Algebra. Collection of Works Dedicated to the Memory of N. Ya. Medvedev, Altaii State University, Barnaul, 2007, pp. 15–112 (Russian)].
Automorphism groups of totally ordered sets: A retrospective survey
Authors: Bludov V. , Droste M. , Glass A.
Published: May 2011

In 1963, W. Charles Holland proved that every lattice-ordered group can be embedded in the lattice-ordered group of all order-preserving permutations of a totally ordered set. In this article we examine the context and proof of this result and survey some of the many consequences of the ideas involved in this important theorem.
Functorial polar functions
Authors: Carrera Ricardo
Published: May 2011

W∞ denotes the category of archimedean ℓ-groups with designated weak unit and complete ℓ-homomorphisms that preserve the weak unit. CmpT2,∞ denotes the category of compact Hausdorff spaces with continuous skeletal maps. This work introduces the concept of a functorial polar function on W∞ and its dual a functorial covering function on CmpT2,∞.

We demonstrate that functorial polar functions give rise to reflective hull classes in W
∞ and that functorial covering functions give rise to coreflective covering classes in CmpT
2,∞. We generate a variety of reflective and coreflecitve subcategories and prove that for any regular uncountable cardinal α, the class of α-projectable ℓ-groups is reflective in W
∞, and the class of α-disconnected compact Hausdorff spaces is coreflective in CmpT
2,∞. Lastly, the notion of a functorial polar function (resp. functorial covering function) is generalized to sublattices of polars (resp. sublattices of regular closed sets).
On hull classes of ℓ-groups and covering classes of spaces
Authors: Carrera Ricardo , Hager Anthony
Published: May 2011

W denotes the category of archimedean ℓ-groups with designated weak unit and ℓ-homomorphisms that preserve the weak unit. Comp denotes the category of compact Hausdorff spaces with continuous maps. The Yosida functor is used to investigate the relationship between hull classes in W and covering classes in Comp. The central idea is that of a hull class whose hull operator preserves boundedness. We demonstrate how the Yosida functor may be used to identify hull classes in W and covering classes in Comp. In addition, we exhibit an array of order preserving bijections between certain families of hull classes and all covering classes, one of which was recently produced by Martínez. Lastly, we apply our results to answer a question of Knox and McGovern about the class of all feebly projectable ℓ-groups.
Cellular covers of totally ordered abelian groups
Authors: Fuchs László
Published: May 2011

Cellular covers of groups, and in particular, those of divisible abelian groups, were studied in [FARJOUN, E. D.—GÖBEL, R.—SEGEV, Y.: Cellular covers of groups, J. Pure Appl. Algebra 208, (2007), 61–76], [CHA-CHÓLSKI, W.—FARJOUN, E. D.—GÖBEL, R.—SEGEV, Y.: Cellular covers of divisible abelian groups. In: Contemp. Math. 504, Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, RI, 2009, pp. 77–97], and continued in [FUCHS, L.—GÖBEL, R.: Cellular covers of abelian groups, Results Math. 53, (2009), 59–76] for abelian groups in general. In this note we are investigating cellular covers in the category of totally ordered abelian groups (called o-cellular covers; for definition see Section 2). Some results are similar to those on torsion-free abelian groups (unordered), while others are completely different. For instance, though kernels of o-cellular covers can not be non-zero divisible groups (Lemma 3.1), they may contain non-zero divisible subgroups (Example 3.2); however, the divisible part can not be much larger than the reduced part (Theorem 3.4). There are o-groups, even among the additive subgroups of the rationals, whose o-cellular covers form a proper class (Theorem 4.3).
From free abelian groups to free abelian ℓ-groups
Authors: Kühr Jan , Mundici Daniele
Published: May 2011

For each n, the free abelian group F on countably many free generators will be equipped with a monoid P
n making (F,P
n) into the free n-generator abelian ℓ-group. This is a generalization of the main result of the second author, published in the J. Pure Appl. Algebra 208 (2007), 549–554, only dealing with the case n = 2.
New torsion theory in unital abelian ℓ-groups
Authors: Martínez Jorge
Published: May 2011

This paper introduces the notion of a functorial torsion class (FTC): in a concrete category $\mathfrak{C}$ which has image factorization, one considers monocoreflective subcategories which are closed under formation of subobjects.

Here the interest is in FTCs in the category of abelian lattice-ordered groups with designated strong order unit. The FTCs $\mathfrak{T}$ consisting of archimedean latticeordered groups are characterized: for each subgroup A of the rationals with the identity 1, either $\mathfrak{T} = \mathfrak{S}\left( A \right)$, the class of all lattice-ordered groups of functions on a set X which have finite range in A, or $$\mathfrak{T} = \mathbb{T}\left( A \right)$$, the class of all subgroups of A with 1.

As for FTCs possessing non-archimedean groups, it is shown that if $\mathfrak{T}$ is an FTC containing a subgroup A of the reals with 1, of rank two or greater, then $\mathfrak{T}$ contains all ℓ-groups of the form $A\vec \times G$, for all abelian lattice-ordered groups G. Finally, the least FTC that contains a non-archimedean group is the class of all $\mathbb{Z}\vec \times G$, for all abelian lattice-ordered groups G.
On α-regular archimedean f-rings
Authors: Hager Anthony , Martínez Jorge
Published: May 2011

For a commutative ring A with identity, and for infinite cardinals α as well as the symbol ∞, which indicates the situation in which there are no cardinal restrictions, one defines A to be α-regular if for each subset D of A, with |D| < α and de = 0, for any two distinct d, e ∈ D, there is an s ∈ A such that d
2
s = d, for each d ∈ D, and if xd = 0, for each d ∈ D, then xs = 0

This paper studies α-regular archimedean f-rings, relative to lateral α-completeness. The main result is that the operator l(α) that gives the lateral α-completion commutes with b, the reflection that closes an f-ring with respect to bounded inversion. An f-ring is α-regular if and only if it has bounded inversion and is laterally α-complete, and the operator that creates the α-regular hull is r(α) = b · l(α).

It is shown that the space mr(α)A of all maximal ℓ-ideals of r(α)A is the same as that of the α-projectable hull. Finally, r(α)A contains the ring of α-quotients, and necessary conditions are given for them to coincide.
Hull mappings and dimension effect algebras
Authors: Foulis David , Pulmannová Sylvia
Published: May 2011

An effect algebra (EA) is a partial algebraic structure, originally formulated as an algebraic base for unsharp quantum measurements. The class of EAs includes, as special cases, several partially ordered algebraic structures, including orthomodular lattices (OMLs) and orthomodular posets (OMPs), hitherto used as mathematical models for experimentally verifiable propositions pertaining to physical systems. Moreover, MV-algebras, which are mathematical models for many-valued logics, are special cases of EAs. The present paper studies generalizations to EAs of the hull mapping featured in L. Loomis’s dimension theory for complete OMLs and develops a theory of direct decomposition for EAs with a hull mapping. A. Sherstnev and V. Kalinin have extended Loomis’s dimension theory to orthocomplete OMPs, and here it is further extended to orthocomplete EAs; moreover, a corresponding direct decomposition into types I, II, and III is obtained using the hull mapping induced by the dimension equivalence relation.
Moose Alces alces habitat use at multiple temporal scales in a human‐altered landscape
Authors: Bj⊘rneraas Kari , Solberg Erling Johan , Herfindal Ivar , Moorter Bram Van , Rolandsen Christer Moe , Tremblay Jean‐Pierre , Skarpe Christina , Sæther Bernt‐Erik , Eriksen Rune , Astrup Rasmus
Published: May 2011

Habitat alteration by humans may change the supply of food and cover for wild ungulates, but few studies have examined how these resources are utilised over time by individuals of different sex and reproductive status. We examined circadian and seasonal variation in habitat utilisation within a moose Alces alces population in central Norway. Our study area covers forests and open habitats, both influenced by human alterations (e.g. forestry and agriculture). We expected moose to select habitats with good forage and cover in all seasons, but to select open foraging habitats mainly during night‐time. Moose selected good foraging habitats, such as young forest stands and cultivated land during night, whereas the utilisation of older forest stands providing cover increased during daytime. This circadian pattern changed throughout the year, seemingly related to variation in hours of daylight and provision of forage. Young forest stands provided higher density of preferred food plants compared to older stands and were highly selected from spring until autumn. Relative to young forest, the selection for older forest stands increased towards winter, likely due to provision of higher plant quality late in the growing season, and to reduced accumulation of movement‐impeding snow during winter. Selection of cultivated land varied among seasons, being highest when crop biomass was high. We also found some indications of state‐dependent habitat selection as reproducing females avoided open, food rich areas in the first months after their calves were born, whereas males and females without young selected these areas in spring and summer. Our results clearly show that moose exploit the variations in cover and food caused by forestry and agriculture. This is particularly relevant for moose in Norway as current changes in forestry practice lead to a reduction in young, food‐rich forest stands, possibly aggravating the already declining body conditions and recruitment rates of moose.
Management update of head neck squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Siddiquee Belayat Hossain
Published: May 2011

DOI: 10.3329/bjo.v17i1.7615Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2011; 17(1): 1-4
Enhancing Effect of Glycerol on the Tensile Properties of Bombyx mori Cocoon Sericin Films
Authors: Zhang Haiping , Deng Lianxia , Yang Mingying , Min Sijia , Yang Lei , Zhu Liangjun
Published: May 2011

An environmental physical method described herein was developed to improve the tensile properties of Bombyx mori cocoon sericin films, by using the plasticizer of glycerol, which has a nontoxic effect compared with other chemical crosslinkers. The changes in the tensile characteristics and the structure of glycerolated (0–40 wt% of glycerol) sericin films were investigated. Sericin films, both in dry and wet states, showed enhanced tensile properties, which might be regulated by the addition of different concentrations of glycerol. The introduction of glycerol results in the higher amorphous structure in sericin films as evidenced by analysis of attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectra, thermogravimetry (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) observation revealed that glycerol was homogeneously blended with sericin molecules when its content was 10 wt%, while a small amount of redundant glycerol emerged on the surface of sericin films when its content was increased to 20 wt% or higher. Our results suggest that the introduction of glycerol is a novel nontoxic strategy which can improve the mechanical features of sericin-based materials and subsequently promote the feasibility of its application in tissue engineering.
A Minimum Leakage Quasi-Static RAM Bitcell
Authors: Teman Adam , Pergament Lidor , Cohen Omer , Fish Alexander
Published: May 2011

As SRAMs continue to grow and comprise larger percentages of the area and power consumption in advanced systems, the need to minimize static currents becomes essential. This brief presents a novel 9T Quasi-Static RAM Bitcell that provides aggressive leakage reduction and high write margins. The quasi-static operation method of this cell, based on internal feedback and leakage ratios, minimizes static power while maintaining sufficient, albeit depleted, noise margins. This paper presents the concept of the novel cell, and discusses the stability of the cell under hold, read and write operations. The cell was implemented in a low-power 40 nm TSMC process, showing as much as a 12× reduction in leakage current at typical conditions, as compared to a standard 6T or 8T bitcell at the same supply voltage. The implemented cell showed full functionality under global and local process variations at nominal and low voltages, as low as 300 mV.
Hormesis and Female Sex Hormones
Authors: Strom Jakob O. , Theodorsson Annette , Theodorsson Elvar
Published: May 2011

Hormone replacement after menopause has in recent years been the subject of intense scientific debate and public interest and has sparked intense research efforts into the biological effects of estrogens and progestagens. However, there are reasons to believe that the doses used and plasma concentrations produced in a large number of studies casts doubt on important aspects of their validity. The concept of hormesis states that a substance can have diametrically different effects depending on the concentration. Even though estrogens and progestagens have proven prone to this kind of dose-response relation in a multitude of studies, the phenomenon remains clearly underappreciated as exemplified by the fact that it is common practice to only use one hormone dose in animal experiments. If care is not taken to adjust the concentrations of estrogens and progestagens to relevant biological conditions, the significance of the results may be questionable. Our aim is to review examples of female sexual steroids demonstrating bidirectional dose-response relations and to discuss this in the perspective of hormesis. Some examples are highlighted in detail, including the effects on cerebral ischemia, inflammation, cardiovascular diseases and anxiety. Hopefully, better understanding of the hormesis phenomenon may result in improved future designs of studies of female sexual steroids.
Odour Detection Methods: Olfactometry and Chemical Sensors
Authors: Brattoli Magda , De Gennaro Gianluigi , De Pinto Valentina , Demarinis Loiotile Annamaria , Lovascio Sara , Penza Michele
Published: May 2011

The complexity of the odours issue arises from the sensory nature of smell. From the evolutionary point of view olfaction is one of the oldest senses, allowing for seeking food, recognizing danger or communication: human olfaction is a protective sense as it allows the detection of potential illnesses or infections by taking into account the odour pleasantness/unpleasantness. Odours are mixtures of light and small molecules that, coming in contact with various human sensory systems, also at very low concentrations in the inhaled air, are able to stimulate an anatomical response: the experienced perception is the odour. Odour assessment is a key point in some industrial production processes (i.e., food, beverages, etc.) and it is acquiring steady importance in unusual technological fields (i.e., indoor air quality); this issue mainly concerns the environmental impact of various industrial activities (i.e., tanneries, refineries, slaughterhouses, distilleries, civil and industrial wastewater treatment plants, landfills and composting plants) as sources of olfactory nuisances, the top air pollution complaint. Although the human olfactory system is still regarded as the most important and effective “analytical instrument” for odour evaluation, the demand for more objective analytical methods, along with the discovery of materials with chemo-electronic properties, has boosted the development of sensor-based machine olfaction potentially imitating the biological system. This review examines the state of the art of both human and instrumental sensing currently used for the detection of odours. The olfactometric techniques employing a panel of trained experts are discussed and the strong and weak points of odour assessment through human detection are highlighted. The main features and the working principles of modern electronic noses (E-Noses) are then described, focusing on their better performances for environmental analysis. Odour emission monitoring carried out through both the techniques is finally reviewed in order to show the complementary responses of human and instrumental sensing.
Destination Branding in Zimbabwe: From Crisis to Recovery
Authors: Ndlovu Joram , Heath Ernie T.
Published: May 2011

After the liberation war of independence in April 1980, Zimbabwe wanted to disassociate itself from its negative past that is the colonial system, the war, the sanctions, and other social ills, which had contributed to negative publicity during that time. A new identity was chosen,
named “Discover Zimbabwe.” The major challenge at that time was to gain acceptance of the brand and make it work. While the brand was associated with the successful transformation of the political system, the “Discover Zimbabwe” phenomenon did not gain favorable acceptance
from industry practitioners, as they felt that there was no collaboration in the branding process. After a lengthy consultative process with sectarian bodies, a new brand was born, namely “Zimbabwe, Africa's Paradise.” The aim was to develop a rounded theme that would address all
the issues about brand association, perception, image, and positioning. This study sought to establish the key trends and developments in the destination and their impact on destination branding. The study used a quantitative research design to trace the current situation in Zimbabwe and its
subsequent impacts on destination branding and positioning. The findings indicate that the political conflict has had a negative impact on the destination's brand, “Africa's Paradise.” Furthermore, it identifies a number of factors to be considered in destination rebranding and
outlines the key challenges to position a tourism destination under uncertain conditions.
No Association Between Markers of Inflammation and Osteoarthritis of the Hands and Knees
Authors: VLAD STEVEN C. , NEOGI TUHINA , ALIABADI PIRAN , FONTES JOÃO D.T. , FELSON DAVID T.
Published: May 2011

Objective.

Local inflammation plays a prominent role in osteoarthritis (OA). This could be reflected in the presence of elevated soluble inflammatory markers. We conducted analyses to assess the association of inflammatory markers with radiographic OA of the hands and knees in a large community-based cohort.

Methods.

The Framingham Offspring cohort consists of the adult children of the original cohort and their spouses. In 1998–2001 these subjects provided blood specimens that were tested for 17 markers of systemic inflammation. In 2002–2005 these subjects had radiographs of both knees and hands. Each hand and knee joint was assigned a Kellgren and Lawrence (KL) score (0–4). We used logistic regression with generalized estimating equations and adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index to examine the association between each inflammatory marker and the presence of radiographic OA (ROA = KL grade ≥ 2) in any joint. We also constructed models for hand joints and knee joints alone.

Results.

Radiographs and measures of inflammation were done for 1235 subjects (56% women, mean age 65 yrs). Of that group, 729 subjects (59%) had ROA in ≥ 1 hand or knee joint: 179 (14.3%) had knee OA, and 694 (56.2%) had hand OA. There were no significant associations between any marker of inflammation and ROA.

Conclusion.

In this large sample, in which OA was carefully assessed and multiple markers measured, we found no evidence of an association between any inflammatory marker and the presence of radiographic OA.
Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein Associates Differentially with Erosions and Synovitis and Has a Different Temporal Course in Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibody (Anti-CCP)-positive versus Anti-CCP-negative Early Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: CHRISTENSEN ANNE F. , LINDEGAARD HANNE , HØRSLEV-PETERSEN KIM , HETLAND MERETE L. , EJBJERG BO , STENGAARD-PEDERSEN KRISTIAN , JACOBSEN SØREN , LOTTENBURGER TINE , ELLINGSEN TORKELL , ANDERSEN LIS S. , HANSEN IB , SKJØDT HENRIK , PEDERSEN JENS K. , LAURIDSEN ULRIK B. , SVENDSEN ANDERS , TARP ULRIK , PØDENPHANT JAN , ØSTERGAARD MIKKEL , JUNKER PETER
Published: May 2011

Objective.

Cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP)-positive and anti-CCP-negative rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been suggested as 2 distinctive disease subsets with respect to disease activity and prognosis. Previously, we proposed that anti-CCP antibodies might have a chondrocyte-suppressive effect. We aimed to compare circulating cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), a marker of cartilage turnover, in untreated anti-CCP-positive and anti-CCP-negative RA, and to study the temporal pattern of COMP through 4 years of treatment, including the relationship to imaging and clinical findings.

Methods.

A total of 160 patients with newly diagnosed RA who were naive to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs were included in the CIMESTRA trial. Ninety healthy blood donors served as controls. Demographic and disease measures including Disease Activity Score in 28 joints, IgM rheumatoid factor, anti-CCP, Health Assessment Questionnaire, visual analog scale scores for pain and global and physician assessment, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the nondominant hand were recorded at baseline. COMP in serum was measured by ELISA at inclusion and serially through 4 years.

Results.

Median baseline COMP was higher in patients with RA [9.8 U/l (interquartile range 8.96, 10.5)] compared with controls [8.3 U/l (IQR 7.84, 8.9); p < 0.001] and remained elevated at 4 years [10.8 U/l (IQR 10.2, 11.7); p < 0.001]. At baseline, anti-CCP-positive patients had lower COMP than anti-CCP-negative patients (p = 0.048). In anti-CCP-positive patients, COMP exhibited a parabolic course over 4 years, while COMP in anti-CCP-negative patients had an almost linear course. In anti-CCP-positive patients, COMP was associated with MRI edema and erosion score, while COMP was correlated with synovitis score in anti-CCP-negative individuals.

Conclusion.

Our study provides additional evidence for the existence of different disease pathways in anti-CCP-positive and anti-CCP-negative subsets of RA, and evidence that anti-CCP antibodies may be implicated in the disease process by modifying cartilage metabolism.
Pouvoir et vouloir se former. Analyse d'une étape décisive dans le processus de reconversion des sportifs de haut niveau en France à travers l'étude comparée de l'escrime et du tennis de table
Authors: Javerlhiac Sophie , Bodin Dominique , Huet Armel , Robène Luc
Published: May 2011

Résumé Loin des clichés du sport de haut niveau favorisant l’ascension sociale la reconversion des sportifs de haut niveau, non professionnels s’avère problématique. C’est à l’entrée en formation, période transitoire qui constitue la première étape de la reconversion que s’intéresse cet article. La comparaison du vécu des sportifs de haut niveau de deux sports, l’escrime et le tennis de table montre que les différences sont tout à la fois culturelles, liées aux contraintes propres au haut niveau mais également aux effets anesthésiants et euphorisants que peut jouer le groupe d’appartenance en matière de valorisation du seul projet sportif. La culture fédérale et l’influence des « anciens » jouent un rôle prépondérant dans le choix d’organiser très tôt sa reconversion ou non. Si, a priori , tout semble possible la conduite du double projet se discute finalement entre vouloir et pouvoir.
Les télécoms pour tous : la DGT architecte en innovation
Authors: Carpenter Marie
Published: May 2011

Résumé En prenant appui sur le dépouillement des archives présidentielles et sur celui des fonds privés des principaux décideurs de l’époque, il est possible depuis peu d’analyser désormais avec précision trois dossiers clés du rattrapage téléphonique de la France : le financement de l’investissement nécessaire, le contrôle stratégique des moyens d’innovation et l’intégration organisationnelle des acteurs concernés. Grâce à l’examen détaillé des deux derniers aspects, cette analyse met en évidence les arbitrages qui ont dû être rendus pour réconcilier la volonté de rattrapage avec celle de doter la France d’une industrie compétitive des télécommunications. La réorganisation interne de la Direction Générale des Télécommunications (DGT) et le remaniement du paysage industriel français ont eu des conséquences majeures et durables sur les capacités d’innovation dans le domaine des télécommunications en France. Les détails des décisions prises, la manière dont elles ont été motivées et leur impact en termes d’innovation peuvent éclairer les décisions qu’ont à prendre les pouvoirs publics pour assurer la présence d’acteurs nationaux dans les technologies de la communication du futur.
Faire politique latéralement
Authors: Le Strat Pascal-Nicolas
Published: May 2011

Résumé Cet article s’appuie sur l’hypothèse qu’il est possible de « faire politique » (faire politique culturelle, faire politique sociale ou faire politique urbaine) par le bas, latéralement, à partir d’un maillage d’expériences et d’expérimentations. Dans ce cadre, le « récit » fonctionne comme un intercesseur ; il est susceptible de s’intercaler entre les expériences et de permettre le passage de l’une à l’autre. Cette « fabrique politique » n’opère pas sur le mode d’une montée en généralité des situations singulières, mais plutôt sur le mode de leur expansion transversale, par l’intermédiaire de leur mise en récit (politique).
La mortalité maternelle en milieu rural sénégalais. L'expérience du nouvel hôpital de Ninéfescha
Authors: Kanté Almamy Malick , Pison Gilles
Published: May 2011

Résumé En Afrique, plus qu’ailleurs, l’offre de soins reste insuffisante. La construction de nouvelles infrastructures sanitaires suffit-elle à faire progresser la santé de la population ? La question se pose lorsque de nouvelles installations sanitaires sont construites sans être suivies d’une amélioration rapide des indicateurs de santé. Comment alors expliquer la lenteur des changements ? Provient-elle de l’inadéquation entre l’offre et les besoins ? De « freins culturels » empêchant de nouveaux comportements de se diffuser ? Cet article examine les facteurs en cause dans le cas de l’implantation d’un hôpital moderne en 2003 au cœur d’une région rurale du Sénégal, jusqu’alors mal équipée. L’observation démographique suivie de la population pendant plusieurs décennies montre que la mortalité maternelle n’a pas baissé de façon sensible juste après l’ouverture de l’hôpital. Pour mieux comprendre les raisons de cet échec, plusieurs enquêtes ont été menées sur les comportements de recours aux soins et l’utilisation que les habitants faisaient de cet équipement, notamment en cas d’accouchement. Les villageois ont, dans l’ensemble, peu recours à l’hôpital quatre ans après son ouverture. La plupart des femmes ne s’y rendent pas en visite prénatale et ne vont pas y accoucher. Les responsables de l’hôpital attribuent cet échec aux villageois, et notamment à leurs traditions. Ces enquêtes montrent que le problème vient plutôt d’une inadéquation entre l’offre de soins de l’hôpital et les besoins.
Le coaching d'organisation
Authors: Gilbert Patrick , Lancestre Antoine
Published: May 2011

Résumé Dans le conseil en management, l’intervention s’applique à des contextes très différents, concourt à des finalités diverses, porte sur des thèmes variés et emprunte à plusieurs disciplines (psychologie sociale, sociologie, sciences de gestion). En réponse à cette diversité, les orientations qui traversent ce champ sont donc multiples. Nous commencerons par en rendre compte, en proposant une typologie des formes du conseil. Puis, nous centrant sur un type de conseil qui vise la conduite et la facilitation d’évolutions, le « coaching d’organisation », nous exposerons les principes qui lui sont liées dans une perspective systémique. Pour illustrer notre propos, nous poursuivrons en nous appuyant sur une étude de cas. Nous conclurons en mettant en évidence les apports, mais aussi les interrogations suscitées par la mise en œuvre du coaching d’organisation.
A comparison of airborne electromagnetic data with ground resistivity data over the Midwest deposit in the Athabasca basin
Authors: Smith Richard S. , Koch Rodney , Hodges Greg , Lemieux Jean
Published: May 2011

The Midwest deposit in the Athabasca basin of Saskatchewan, Canada, lies 200 m below an arm of South McMahon Lake. The rocks between the lake and the deposit are sediments of the Athabasca group while the deposit is hosted by graphitic gneisses or metapelites in the basement. Geological logs of holes drilled by AREVA indicate that the Athabasca sediments are strongly altered. In the Athabasca basin, alteration in combination with conductive graphitic zones in the basement is a strong indicator of the presence of economic amounts of uranium. The purpose of the airborne surveys is to determine whether airborne methods can detect the alteration and the graphitic conductor.

The airborne methods tested are broad‐band fixed‐wing time‐domain electromagnetic (FTEM) systems (TEMPEST and GEOTEM) and helicopter frequency‐domain electromagnetic (HFEM) systems (RESOLVE). All the lakes in the area, particularly the one above the deposit, are mapped as conductive near‐surface features with a high resolution HFEM system. On a resistivity section, the HFEM can delineate the bottoms of the conductive lakes quite well. The fixed‐wing FTEM sections are unable to resolve sharp changes in near‐surface resistivity; however, they clearly map the steeply dipping basement conductor and they also see another flat‐lying conductor close to the basement/basin unconformity (perhaps a conductive paleoregolith or other conductive basement lithologies).

Comparison of ground and airborne resistivity maps indicates there are some similar features but also some important differences. At intermediate depths, where an alteration response is expected, the ground resistivity data indicate two relatively conductive zones, one at Midwest and smaller zones to the north, including one at the Mae zone (a smaller deposit north of Midwest). Resistivity sections derived from the airborne electromagnetic data do not always show these features clearly. The HFEM sections tend to show the lakes and possibly the alteration, while the FTEM results show the lakes, the bedrock conductor and the conjectured paleoregolith. There is a hint of the alteration at Midwest and Mae on the FTEM on‐time data but this might also be a response associated with the lakes. Modelling shows that the alteration response at Midwest is subtle and unlikely to be detected: at early time the response is dominated by the overlying lake sediments, at late time by the basement conductor. The modelling suggests that alteration could be detected at delay times less than 0.2 or 0.3 ms but only if there is no near‐surface conductive feature like overburden, lake sediments, etc.
Optimization Analysis of Injection Mold for Sleeve
Authors: Zhao Zhen Yu , Huang Li Xin , Xiao Yong Shan , Liu Bai
Published: May 2011

In the paper, the injection process of mold sleeve is simulated with Moldflow software, and the filling time, cavitation, weld, and causes warping are analyzed. The warping effects on the workpiece surface quality. Moldflow software can optimize gating system and shorten the fill time, improve the quality of plastic surface, reduce the number of repair mode, and shorten the product development cycle.
A Business Process-Based Risk Evaluation Framework
Authors: Yu Zhi Wei
Published: May 2011

To present the essence of information system risk evaluation and improve the effect of evaluation, the paper puts forward a business process-based information system risk evaluation after analyzing the current risk evaluation methods. The framework begins with the description of business process in perspective of information security and then analyzes and assesses the business activities. The risk-control evaluation of business activities is brought forward and the optional security control measures are comprehensively evaluated so as to ensure security of business activities. The framework focuses on business process activities so that information system assets, their vulnerabilities and threats are associated and evaluation of isolated and meaningless assets is avoided.
Dynamics Analysis and Experimental Research on Turbocharger Rotor with Fore and after Lighting Optimization
Authors: Zhao Jun Shen , Ma Chao Chen , Hu Liao Ping
Published: May 2011

The critical speed is analyzed on critical speed of JP60C vehicles turbocharger with DyRoBeS, Based on the optimum design result, the lightening turbine wheel is casted adopting lost wax casting with rapid prototyping technology (RPT). The dynamic balance test is carried out in the TURBO TECHNICS. The calculation and test results show that the second-order critical speed of lightening rotor decreased compared with original turbocharger, and the working speed of turbocharger still between the second-order critical speed and the third-order critical speed.
Piezoelectric and Electrical Properties of Lead-Free (Na0.5K0.5)NbO3- Bi0.5(Na0.80K0.20)0.5TiO3 Ceramics
Authors: Wang Chun Huy
Published: May 2011

Extending the investigations on (Na0.5K0.5)NbO3-based solid solution for lead-free piezoelectric ceramics, this paper consider the complex solid-solution system (Na0.5K0.5)NbO3–Bi0.5(Na0.80K0.20)0.5TiO3[NKN-BNKT]. (Na0.5K0.5)NbO3with 2 ~ 6 mol% Bi0.5(Na0.80K0.20)0.5TiO3has been prepared following the conventional mixed oxide process. A morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) between orthorhombic (O) and tetragonal (T) was found at the composition 0.97NKN-0.03BNKT with correspondingly enhanced dielectric and piezoelectric properties. The electromechanical coupling factor and dielectric constant are higher for compositions near the MPB. The dielectric constant (εr), planar coupling coefficient (kp) and thickness coupling coefficient (kt)of 0.97NKN-0.03BNKT ceramics were 1483, 32% and 31%, respectively.
Design and Research of Human-Machine Interaction System of Embedded Precision CNC Internal Grinder
Authors: Xie Ou , Li Hua , Yin Zhen
Published: May 2011

A design of Human-machine interaction system of embedded precision CNC internal grinder which based on touch screen is proposed. The master-slave two-stage control mode is used in the system. By developing interface software, the system achieves the integration interactive control for the internal grinding. The performance of Human-machine interaction is improved and the processing efficiency and communication capabilities are increased.
Analysis on Active Behavior of Bagasse by Py-GC-MS
Authors: Ma Qing Zhi , Zeng Chao Feng , Peng Wan Xi , Zhang Xu
Published: May 2011

In order to find out its active behavior, the extractives of bagasse biomass were adsorbed and determined by Py-GC-MS. And the main constituents were 1-phenanthrenecarboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydro-1,4a-di methyl-7- (1-methylethyl)-(52.25%), stigmastan- 3,5-diene (11.3%), 2(1h)-phenanthrenone, 3,4,4a, 9,10,10a-hexahydro-7-hydroxy-1,1,4a-tri methyl-8- (1-methylethyl) - (9.00%), 2- furancarboxaldehyde, 5-(hydroxym ethyl)- (6.25%), etc.
Modeling and Optimization of Integrated Scheduling of Automated Warehouse System
Authors: Liu Sai Nan
Published: May 2011

In order to improve the efficiency of automated warehouse system, the integrated scheduling problem was studied on the basis of a typical warehouse layout. A new multi-objective mathematical model was built with constraints. The reason that leads to automated guided vehicle (AGV) deadlock was analyzed on basis of bidirectional route of AGV. And a deadlock-free control policy named alternative path was proposed. A heuristic algorithm based on genetic algorithm was proposed to solve the problem. The rule of coding, selection, crossover and mutation was described in detail. The simulation result shows that the proposed algorithm is effective and can be used in practical.
Expansion Dynamic Game Analysis on Education Quality Control for Distance Education System
Authors: Ma Xin
Published: May 2011

The development of computers and the internet have made distance learning distribution easier and faster and have given rise to the virtual university, the entire educational offerings of which are conducted online. Distance education is a field of education that focuses on teaching methods and technology with the aim of delivering teaching, often on an individual basis, to students who are not physically present in a traditional educational setting such as a classroom. It has been described as a process to create and provide access to learning when the source of information and the learners are separated by time and distance, or both. How to motivate learning sub-centers to improve education quality has become the focus of the participants’ game. The expansion dynamic tripartite game model was set up and the simulation shows the corresponding results.
The Solid Modeling and Simulation for Non-Circular Gear Based on Pro/E
Authors: Hu Chi Bing , Wang Ya Zhou , Kong De Yong , Liu Yong Ping
Published: May 2011

Based on the design theory of non-circular gears, using Pro/E drawing module, a system of elliptical gears parametric module and simulation was developed. Machining non-circular gear by wire cutting can be achieved by using Pro / E manufacturing module, and then gear machining tool path is created, tool and process parameters is set and simulation of process tool and process of post-processing analysis was described. Through the above process ultimately to generate post-processing procedures which NC machine tool need and achieve the automatic programming of non-circular gear. Form the application example, it has been observed that the gear created by Pro/E simulated NC programs can correct mesh according to the theory transmission ratio and the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Numerical Simulation of Creep Crack Propagation for Austenitic Stainless Steel 0Cr18Ni9 at 550°C
Authors: Chen Li Jie , Gong Zun Qun , Zhao Qi
Published: May 2011

First, tensile creep curve and creep propagation tests are conducted for austenitic stainless steel 0Cr18Ni9, i.e. 304 stainless steel at 550°C. The corresponding time hardening creep law is given for stresses ranging from 240 to 320 Mpa and the creep crack propagation length under a tension load of 10kN is measured by using QUESTAR long focus microscope system. Second, with the commercial finite element (FE) code ANSYS, the critical crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) is considered as crack propagation criterion to simulate the creep crack growth in the standard compact tension (CT) specimen. The FE predictions of the creep crack length in the primary and secondary stages are found to agree reasonably with the experimental results. The maximum computational error between the predictions and the experiment results is within 10%. Hence, the critical CTOD is a feasible criterion for crack growth simulations at elevated temperatures.
Study on Fault Diagnosis Platform in Wind Energy Conversion Systems Based on JESS
Authors: Hao Wang Shen , Li Feng Qin , Han Jie , Dong Xin Min , Chen Hong
Published: May 2011

There is a constant need for the reduction of operational and maintenance costs of Wind Energy Conversion System(WECS). The most efficient way of reducing these costs would be to continuously monitor the condition of these systems, which allows for early detection of the degeneration of the generator health, facilitating a proactive response, minimizing downtime, and maximizing productivity. Wind generators are also inaccessible since they are situated on extremely high towers.There are also plans to increase the number of offshore sites increasing the need for a remote means of WECS monitoring that overcomes some of the difficulties of accessibility problems. Therefore it is important of condition monitoring and fault diagnosis in WECS. The monitoring schemes of transfer its monitor status with JESS technology was put forward in this paper. A remote condition monitoring platform (RCMP) was designed and constructed in this project. And its result brings us an effective solution to deal with the WECS condition monitoring.
Ultra-Lightweight Design and Analysis of a 1.25m SiC Segmented Mirror
Authors: Zeng Chun Mei , Yu Jing Chi , Guo Pei Ji
Published: May 2011

In order to explore the feasibility of large ultra-lightweight deployable optical systems, a 1.25m SiC segmented mirror is investigated. According to analysis and comparison, the mirror's material, ultra-lightweight structure pattern and support location are determined respectively. By FEM, an ultra-lightweight structure with areal density of 40kg/m2 is gotten. The results show that the self-weight deformation is 4.8nm RMS/22.6nm PV under supports, and the ultra-lightweight mirror has the enough strength to bear the stress at launch. The study may provide a technical scheme to develop the large ultra-lightweight deployable optical system.
Electrocatalytic Degradation of Cellulose Using Lead Dioxide Anode
Authors: Meng De Fa , Li Gang , Yang Fang , Liu Zhi Hua
Published: May 2011

A novel method of cellulose degradation is investigated in this paper. In this work, a three-electrode system, which contains a Pb/PbO2 anode, two copper cathodes and a reference saturated calomel electrode (SCE), is applied to electrocatalytic degradation of cellulose. The composition of the products in filtrate is characterized by phenol-sulfuric acid method, NMR and GC-MS. In addition, the solid sample is analyzed via Ubbelohde capillary viscometer and FT-IR spectra. The results suggest that it is effective to convert cellulose to soluble sugar, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) and other products by electrocatalytic method. The reaction mechanism of cellulose degradation is also discussed.
Optimal Design of Multistage Flash Desalination Process Based on the Modified Genetic Algorithm (MGA)
Authors: Wu Lian Ying , Hu Yang Dong , Gao Cong Jie
Published: May 2011

In this paper, a rigorous mathematical model of multistage flash system (MSF) is presented based on a detailed physicochemical representation of the process, including all the fundamental elementary phenomena. In particular, Comparison to the mathematical model of reference, two integer variables, which are the number of recovery stage (NR) and the number of rejection stage (NJ), are introduced to the model. Additionally, two special variables, which are the ratio of recirculation brine water flow rate and distillation flow rate and the ratio of make-up flow rate and the distillation flow rate, are introduced to the model as the continuous variables too. Then, the MSF system is described as a mixed-integer nonlinear programming (MINLP). The objective is to minimize the total annual cost (TAC), which is mainly composed of the operating costs and investment cost. Here the modified genetic algorithm (MGA), which is characterized as mixing coding way, is adopted for the system optimization. A case study and a discussion of the results are presented.
Thermodynamics and Kinetics of the Adsorption for Phenanthrene onto CTMA-Bentonite in Aqueous Solutions
Authors: Ren Jian Min
Published: May 2011

The adsorption thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of phenanthrene onto CTMA-bentonite were studied. The result shows that adsorption equilibrium time at their initial concentrations of 2 mg.L-1 and 6 mg. L-1 is 110 min. The dynamical data for the organoclay fit well with pseudo-second-order kinetic model at 303-333 K. The adsorption rates was found higher with the temperature increased, but its sorption extent was lower. Thermodynamic parameters such as ΔG0, ΔH0, ΔS0 were also evaluated. The overall adsorption process was spontaneous, exothermic physisorption. The isotherms for phenanthrene on the organoclay are linear and showed that partitioning was the dominant mechanism of phenanthrene on CTMA-bentonite.
The Catalysis of 3, 8-Substituted Cobalt (II) Deuteroporphyrin Dimethyl Esters to the Oxidation of Cyclohexane by Air
Authors: Xu Shi Chao , Hu Bing Cheng , Cui Qiao Li , Hu Tian Jing , Huang Xiu You , Liu Zu Liang
Published: May 2011

A variety of 3, 8-substituted cobalt (II) deuteroporphyrin dimethyl esterswere synthesized and used as catalysts in the oxidation of cyclohexane. The effect of substituents on catalytic activities of 3, 8-substituted cobalt (II) deuteroporphyrin dimethyl esters were investigated. The results showed that the catalytic activities were influenced by the electron effects and steric effects of substituents and the thermal stability of catalysts.