bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Outcome and Prognostic Factors After Lung Transplantation for Bronchiectasis Other Than Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Hirama Takashi , Tomiyama Fumiko , Notsuda Hirotsugu , Watanabe Tatsuaki , Watanabe Yui , Oishi Hisashi , Okada Yoshinori
Published: May 2021

BackgroundWhile lung transplant (LTX) can be an effective therapy to provide the survival benefit in selected populations, post-transplant outcome in LTX recipients with bronchiectasis other than cystic fibrosis (CF) has been less studied. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, often associated with exacerbations in bronchiectasis, is the most common micro-organism isolated from LTX recipients. We aimed to see the outcomes of patients with bronchiectasis other than CF after LTX and seek the risk factors associated with pre- and post-transplant Pseudomonas status.MethodsPatients who underwent LTX at Tohoku University Hospital between January 2000 and December 2020 were consecutively included into the retrospective cohort study. Pre- and post-transplant prevalence of Pseudomonas colonization between bronchiectasis and other diseases was reviewed. Post-transplant outcomes (mortality and the development of chronic lung allograft dysfunction(CLAD)) were assessed using a Cox proportional hazards and time-to-event outcomes were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method. ResultsLTX recipients with bronchiectasis experienced a high rate of pre- and post-transplant Pseudomonas colonization compared to other diseases with statistical significance (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). Nevertheless, long-term survival in bronchiectasis was as great as non-bronchiectasis (Log-rank p=0.522), and the bronchiectasis was not a trigger for death (HR 1.62, 95% CI 0.63-4.19). On the other hand, the chance of CLAD onset in bronchiectasis was comparable to non-bronchiectasis (Log-rank p=0.221), and bronchiectasis was not a predictor of the development of CLAD (HR 1.88, 95% CI 0.65-5.40).ConclusionsDespite high prevalence of pre- and post-transplant Pseudomonas colonization, the outcome in lung transplant recipients with bronchiectasis other than CF was comparable to those without bronchiectasis.
Molecular Dynamics Study on Structural and Atomic Evolution Between Au and Ni Nanoparticles Through Coalescence
Authors: Li Bangquan , Li Jing , Su Xiaoqiang , Cui Yimin
Published: May 2021

Motivated by the structure evolution experiments of Janus NiAu nanoparticles (NPs), we present a detailed study on the thermodynamic evolution of Ni and Au NPs with different ratios of Au and Ni through the molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. It is found that, for fixed Ni particle size (5.8 nm in diameter), the energy variation with the increasing temperature is related to the Au sizes (1.5–9.6 nm in diameter), due to the diverse atomic segregation modes. For a small Au particle, due to lattice induction, the structure will change from order to disorder and then to order. The interface defects of the merging NPs could be automatically eliminated by coalescence processes. The change in energy as the temperature increases is similar to that of monometallic NPs. For larger Au particles, the irregular variation of energy occurs and the atomic energy experience one or two reductions with the increase of the temperature. The segregation of Au atoms to the surface of Ni particle is dominant during the continuous heating process. The coalescence processes of Au atoms strongly determine the final morphology of the particles. Dumbbell-like, Janus and eccentric core-shell spherical structures could be obtained during the heating process. Our results will provide an effective approach to the design of novel materials with specific properties through thermal control.
Personalized Bioconversion of Panax Notoginseng Saponins Mediated by Gut Microbiota Between Chinese-diet and Western-diet Healthy Subjects
Authors: Wang Li , Chen Man-Yun , Shao Li , Zhang Wei , Li Xiang-Ping , Huang Wei-Hua
Published: May 2021

Background: Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) as the main effective substances from P. notoginseng with low bioavailability could be bio-converted by human gut microbiota. In our previous study, PNS metabolic variations mediated by gut microbiota have been observed between high fat, high protein (HF-HP)-diet and low fat, plant fiber-rich (LF-PF)-diet subjects. In this study, we aimed to correspondingly characterize the relationship between distinct gut microbiota profiles and PNS metabolites. Methods: Gut microbiota were collected from HF-HP and LF-PF healthy adults, respectively and profiled by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. PNS were incubated with gut microbiota in vitro. A LC-MS/MS method was developed to quantify the five main metabolites yields including ginsenoside F1 (GF1), ginsenoside Rh2 (GRh2), ginsenoside compound K (GC-K), protopanaxatriol (PPT) and protopanaxadiol (PPD). The selected microbial species, Bifidobacterium adolescentis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus, were employed to metabolize PNS for the corresponding metabolites.Results: The five main metabolites were significantly different between the two diet groups. Compared with HF-HP group, the microbial genus Blautia, Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, Corynebacterium, Dorea, Enhydrobacter, Lactobacillus, Roseburia, Ruminococcus, SMB53, Streptococcus, Treponema and Weissella were enriched in LF-PF group, while Phascolarctobacterium and Oscillospira were relatively decreased. Furthermore, Spearman’s correlative analysis revealed gut microbiota enriched in LF-PF and HF-HP groups were positively and negatively associated with PNS metabolites yields, respectively. Conclusions: Our data showed gut microbiota diversity led to the personalized bioconversion of PNS.
Efficacy of Immunotherapy in Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) Patients Despite the Early Treatment Interruption Due to Serious Immune-related Adverse Events. Meet-Uro 13 Trial on Behalf of the MeetUro Investigators
Authors: Stellato Marco , Procopio Giuseppe , De Giorgi Ugo , Maruzzo Marco , Bimbatti Davide , Mennitto Alessia , Sbrana Andrea , Roviello Giandomenico , Casadei Chiara , Sepe Pierangela , Pignata Sandro , Santini Daniele
Published: May 2021

BackgroundSevere immune-related Adverse Events (irAEs) develop in 10-27% of patients treated with anti-Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen (CTLA)-4, in amount 12-20% of patients treated with anti-programmed cell death (PD)-1 and 15-20% of patients treated with anti-programmed death-ligand (PD-L)-1(1–3). The aim of our study was to evaluate efficacy and clinical outcome of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients who stopped Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) due to early Grade (G) 3-G4 irAEs.MethodsWe retrospectively collected data from 204 mRCC patients treated with ICIs in 6 Italian referral centers adhering to the Meet-Uro group, between February 2017 and January 2020. To properly weight the results, patients who did not report early G3-G4 toxicities have been included as control group.Primary endpoint was to evaluate 6 months Progression Free Survival (PFS) after early treatment interruption for Grade (G) 3-4 toxicities compared to the control group. Secondary endpoints were to evaluate Time to treatment failure (TTF) and overall survival (OS) in both groups. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software (version 19.00, SPSS, Chicago).Results18/204 (8.8%) patients had early treatment interruption for serious (G3-G4) irAEs. Early was defined as interruption of IO after one or two administrations. Immune related nephritis and pancreatitis were the most common irAE that lead to treatment interruption. 6/18 patients received IO-IO combination whereas 12/18 patients antiPD1. In patients who interrupted treatment due to irAE, 12/18 (66.6%) were free from progression at 6 months from IO interruption, TTF was 1.6 months (95%CI 1.6-2.1), mPFS was 7.4 months (95%CI 3.16-11.6) and mOS was 15.5 months (5.1-25.8). In the control group 111/184 (60.3%) patients were free from progression at 6 months, TTF was 4.6 months (95%CI 3.5-5.6), mPFS was 4.6 months (95%CI 3.5-5.6) and mOS was 19.6 months (95%CI 15.1-24.0). In the overall population, mPFS was 5.0 months (95%CI 4.0-5.9) and mOS was 19.6 months (95%CI 15.1-24.0). ConclusionsICIs seem to maintain efficacy even after early interruption due to severe irAE.
Research on CNN Coal and Rock Recognition Method Based on Hyperspectral Data
Authors: Yang Jianjian , Chang Boshen , Zhang Yuchen , Luo Wenjie , Wu Miao
Published: May 2021

Aiming at the problem of coal gangue identification in the current fully mechanized mining face and coal washing links, this article proposes a CNN coal and rock identification method based on hyperspectral data. First, collect coal and rock spectrum data by a near-infrared spectrometer, and then use four methods such as first-order differential (FD), second-order differential (SD), standard normal variable transformation (SNV), and multi-style smoothing to filter the 120 sets of collected data. The coal and rock reflectance spectrum data is preprocessed to enhance the intensity of spectral reflectance and absorption characteristics, and effectively remove the spectral curve noise generated by instrument performance and environmental factors.Construct a CNN model, judge the pros and cons of the model by comparing the accuracy of the three parameter combinations, select the most appropriate learning rate, the number of feature extraction layers, and the dropout rate, and generate the best CNN classifier for hyperspectral data. Rock recognition. Experiments show that the recognition accuracy of the one-dimensional convolutional neural network model proposed in this paper reaches 94.6%, which is higher than BP (57%), SVM (72%) and DBN (86%). Verify the advantages and effectiveness of the method proposed in this article.
Rhabdonatronobacter Sediminivivens gen. nov., sp. nov. Isolated from the Sediment of Hutong Qagan Soda Lake
Authors: Zhou Heng , Yang Ming , Xue Qiong , Zhang Shengjie , Zhou Jian , Zhao Dahe , Xiang Hua
Published: May 2021

A novel Gram-stain negative bacterium, designated IM2376T, was isolated from the sediment of Hutong Qagan Lake in Ordos, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China. The strain IM2376T had the highest similarity with Roseinatronobacter thiooxidans DSM 13087T (96.18%) and Rhodobaca bogoriensis LBB1T (96.18%) of the family Rhodobacteraceae according to 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison. Genomic relatedness analyses showed that strain IM2376T was clearly distinguished from other species in the family Rhodobacteraceae, with average nucleotide identities, amino acid identities and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization values not more than 74.1%, 68.5% and 20.2%. The fatty acid was mainly composed of C18:1ω7c (64.86%), iso-C16:0 (16.33%) and C16: 1ω7c/C16:1ω6c (6.02%). The major polar lipid was diphosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylcholine. The predominant ubiquinone was Q-10 (94.9%) and Q-11 (5.1%). The DNA G + C was 66 mol%. Based on all these results, strain IM2376T was considered to be a novel species of a new genus in the family Rhodobacteraceae, for which the name Rhabdonatronobacter sediminivivens gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is IM2376T (= CGMCC 1.17852T).
Longitudinal Analysis of the Patient Pathways to Diagnosis of Psoriatic Arthritis
Authors: Ogdie Alexis , Rozycki Martin , Arndt Theresa , Shi Cheng , Kim Nina , Hur Peter
Published: May 2021

Background: The occurrence of health events preceding a psoriatic arthritis (PsA) diagnosis may serve as predictors of diagnosis. We sought to assess patients’ real-world experiences in obtaining a PsA diagnosis. Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed MarketScan claims data from January 2006 to April 2019. Included were adult patients with ≥2 PsA diagnoses (ICD-9-CM/ICD-10-CM) ≥30 days apart with ≥6 years of continuous enrolment before PsA diagnosis. Controls were matched 2:1 to patients with PsA. Health events (diagnoses and provider types) were analyzed before PsA diagnosis and additionally stratified by presence of psoriasis.Results: Of 13,661 patients, those with PsA had an increased history of coding for arthritis and dermatologic issues (osteoarthritis [48% vs 22%], rheumatoid arthritis [18% vs 2%], and psoriasis [61% vs 2%]) vs those without PsA. Diagnoses of arthritis, axial symptoms, and tendonitis/enthesitis increased over time preceding PsA diagnosis; notably, a sharp rise in psoriasis diagnoses was observed 6 months before PsA diagnosis. Rheumatology consults were more common immediately preceding a PsA diagnosis. Dermatologists were unlikely to code for arthritis and musculoskeletal issues, while rheumatologists were unlikely to code for psoriasis; general practitioners focused on axial and musculoskeletal symptoms. PsA was most commonly diagnosed by rheumatologists (40%), general practitioners (22%), and dermatologists (7%).Conclusions: Rheumatologists, general practitioners, and dermatologists diagnosed two-thirds of patients with PsA. Musculoskeletal symptoms were common preceding a PsA diagnosis. Greater awareness of patterns of health events may alert healthcare providers to suspect a diagnosis of PsA.
Sonochemical Synthesis of the Novel 1d Zig-zag Hg(Ii)-iodo Brigdged Metal-organic Coordination Compounds With Thiosemicarbazide Derivative Ligand
Authors: Hanifehpour Younes , Dadashi Jaber , Khaleghian Mohammad , Rezaei Mahboube , Mirtamizdoust Babak , Joo Sang Woo
Published: May 2021

In the present research, a novel mercury (II) metal organic coordination compound, [Hg(Q)I2]n (Q = pyridine-4-carbaldehyde thiosemicarbazide) with nano rods shape was prepared applying an ultrasonic manner. The synthesized compound was determined with infrared spectroscopy (IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). In solid state the coordination polymer takes the appearance of a zig-zag 1D polymer. The coordination number of Hg (II) is four by one sulfur atom of organic ligand and three iodine atoms which two of iodine atoms are coordinated to other repeating units, and one of iodine is unattached. The zig-zag 1D chains interact with neighboring chains via poor interactions, making a 3D supramolecular metal organic polymer.
The Role of Women's Traditional Gender Beliefs in Depression, Intimate Partner Violence and Stress: Insights from a Spanish Abbreviated Multicultural Measure
Authors: Rovira Montse , Lega Leonor , Suso-Ribera Carlos , Orue Izaskun
Published: May 2021

Background: Research on traditional gender beliefs has highlighted their psychological impact and social implications for women. The purpose of this study was two-fold: firstly, to explore the relationship between women’s traditional gender beliefs, intimate partner violence, stress and depression, and secondly, to adapt and validate the Spanish version of the Multicultural O’Kelly Women’s Beliefs Scale. Based on the Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy framework, traditional gender beliefs were expected to be associated with higher levels of intimate partner violence, stress and depression. We also expected to obtain a psychometrically-sound factor structure of the Multicultural O’Kelly Women’s Beliefs Scale.Methods: A sample of Spanish women (N=322) completed the Multicultural O’Kelly Women’s Beliefs Scale, the Beck’s Depression Inventory II, the Modified Conflict Tactics Scale, and the Stress Perceived Scale. To test the psychometric properties of the Multicultural O’Kelly women’s beliefs scale we implemented exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and an analysis of the area under the curve.Results: Regarding the psychometric properties of the scale, statistical analysis revealed a one-factor dimensionality (Global traditionalism) and supported a reduction of items in the original instrument. The abbreviated version (eight items) obtained the best fit indices. Considering the association between traditional gender beliefs and psychological outcomes, we found that traditional gender beliefs were associated with increased severity of stress, depressive symptoms and reciprocal verbal aggression. Conclusion: The Spanish adaptation of the Multicultural O’Kelly women’s beliefs scale provided a very short, psychometrically robust and clinically relevant measure of traditional gender beliefs. In addition to the association between traditional gender beliefs and mental health outcomes, an important finding was the relationship between traditional gender beliefs and intimate partner violence. Our scale might be used in clinical settings by helping women to identify their traditional gender beliefs and replace them by healthy and goal–oriented beliefs, which would also contribute in achieving a more egalitarian society.
Two Interventions to Provide Support to Long-Term Care Facilities During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: BOIXAREU CRISTINA BERMEJO , Ussía Macarena Díaz de Bustamante , Delgado Gema Piña , Gómez Armando Pardo , Arana Lucia Fernandez , Cárdenas Verónica García , Gómez-Pavón Javier
Published: May 2021

BACKGROUND
The aim of this article is to describe two interventions carried out during the first wave of the COVID19 pandemic to support healthcare personnel at 60 nursing homes, located within the coverage area of a 613-bed university tertiary care hospital.
METHODS
In the first intervention, a geriatrician provided telephone support, including help with the clinical management of residents, the administration of intravenous and/or hospital-based treatments, provision of oxygen therapy at the facility, blood and diagnostic tests, and the coordination of disinfection by the Military Emergency Unit. In the second intervention, the multidisciplinary care team also performed on-site visits to the nursing homes.
RESULTS
In the first telephone support intervention 4,553 cases were evaluated. Of these cases, 645 residents (14.2%) were given on-site intravenous therapy; 419 cases (9%) were prescribed oxygen therapy, and 573 nasopharyngeal exudate samples were tested (RT-PCR). In the second intervention, 4,965 residents were assessed on-site. Of these, intravenous treatment was prescribed in 316 patients (6.3% of cases) and oxygen therapy in 634 (12.7%). A total of 2.458 RT-PCR tests were performed on residents and workers. There was a decrease in the mortality rate ten days after the implementation of the second intervention.
CONCLUSIONS
Geriatrician-directed telephone support is a highly efficient and essential approach to coordinate long-distance healthcare delivery at nursing homes, but it doesn't seem to reduce mortality. Interventions, including multidisciplinary/Geriatrics visits in nursing homes during pandemics are needed to study if mortality rates can be reduced.
Numerical and Experimental Study on Curing-induced Residual Stress and Deformation of Adhesively Bonded Sandwich Structures of Dissimilar Materials
Authors: Li Jianjun , Zhu Wenfeng , Li Yuanhui , Tang Genglin
Published: May 2021

Adhesively bonded sandwich structure with dissimilar materials becomes an important means of lightweight for the next generation of autobody closure panels. However, during the baking process, the complicated change of physical properties of the adhesive can lead to structural mismatch deformation. In this paper, a multi-physics coupling numerical model of one-component hemming adhesive during the curing process is proposed, to reveal the deformation mechanism of adhesively bonded sandwich structures quantitatively. The material constitutive model of the hemming adhesive is established, considering evolution of curing properties. The curing process of typical aluminum alloy and steel bonded sandwich structure is simulated in COMSOL Multiphysics. The predicted surface deformation of the component is verified by experiment using Digital Image Correlation (DIC) technique, which captures the full-field displacement in a non-intrusive manner. Then, the development process of surface deformation of the outer panel and residual internal stress of the adhesive layer is analyzed, and the influence of temperature cycle on the maximum deformation of the component is discussed. The results show at the beginning of holding stage, the deformed component slightly rebounds, which is related to the chemical shrinkage. Mechanical strain caused by the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and stiffness difference of the inner and outer panels is dominant in the adhesive layer. Reducing the curing rate and maximum holding temperature can reduce the overall deformation of the structure.
Self-care behavior and associated factors among patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Hossana, Southern Ethiopia: The Health Belief Model Perspective
Authors: Prakash Ravi , Abute Lonsako , Erchafo Belay , Tadesse Tegegn , Kedir Tirulo , Sedoro Tagesse , Tamirat Temesgen , Gizachew Addiselam
Published: May 2021

Background

Diabetes a chronic disease requires lifelong medical treatments and life-style adjustment. Hence, it requires dedication towards self-care behavior in multiple domains. We aimed to identify determinants of self-care behavior among patients with diabetes through Health Belief Model Perspective.
Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 276 patients with simple random sampling technique. The level of self-care behavior on diabetic patients was measured using parameters of physical exercise, diet, medication and blood glucose. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted.
Results

Approximately, 119 (43.1%) of them practiced recommended self-care practices. Patients with more information performed 3 times more self-care (OR-3.07;95%CI 0.19–7.9) than less informed patients. Individuals with high income performed two times more self-care than less income (OR-2.42;95%CI 1.04–17.95). High perceived severity was 8 times more likely to performed for self-care than less perceived severity (OR-8.3,95%CI1.19-16.25).
Conclusion

Status of self-care practices on diabetic patients is lower than studies in other areas. Training should be focused on perceived severity of diabetes and how to overcome perceived barriers for self-care by increasing the frequency and reach out message on diabetes.
The Method and Results of a Treatment Targeting SARS-CoV-2-Activated Inflammasomes
Authors: LEE JONG HOON , Kanwar Badar , Khattak Asif , Balentine Jenny , Lee Chul Joong , Oh Sang-Suk
Published: May 2021

A COVID-19 committee at Hunt Regional Medical Center reviewed the use of dapsone as an inflammasome competitor. The hospital then revalidated its effectiveness by reporting the findings of 44 (22 cases/22 controls) patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) treated with dapsone. All of 17 ARDS Onset patients who received standard COVID-19 treatment, including dapsone, did not die except one patient not taken dapsone after relapsed, whereas 8/20 patients who received standard COVID-19 treatment without dapsone died; the mortality rates were 5.9% and 40%, respectively. Dapsone treats and prevents SARS-CoV-2 ARDS. We confirmed that dapsone clinically treated the onset of ARDS by targeting SARS-CoV-2-activated inflammasomes.
The Impact of Covid19 Pandemic, Financial Wellness, and Online Teaching on The Mental Health of Lebanese Schoolteachers
Authors: Baroud Tarek , Masri Jad El , Shammaa Hadi , Chanbour Hani , Eddine Issa Kamal , Salameh Pascale
Published: May 2021

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Mindful Eating Proficiency and Healthy Eating Literacy in Japanese Mothers: Associations with Their Own and Their Children’s Eating Behavior
Authors: Nakamura Taro , Yoshiike Nobuo
Published: May 2021

Purpose

Mindfulness is a psychological process that can be developed using meditation and other types of training to focus on the present moment. Applying this concept to eating (i.e., mindful eating; ME) is associated with regulated eating behavior, especially in overweight or obese people. Sustaining healthy eating habits requires both healthy eating literacy (HEL) and proficiency in ME. However, ME proficiency in Japanese people has not been sufficiently investigated.
Methods

We conducted a survey of mothers with 4 to 5-year-old children in Aomori City, Japan, to investigate their ME proficiency and HEL level, as well as eating behavior and self-reported body mass index in both mothers and their children. This study was the first to describe ME proficiency in Japanese mothers.
Results

ME proficiency in mothers was positively correlated with both their own and their children’s eating behaviors, suggesting a potential relationship, while strong relationships were not observed between the HEL level and eating behaviors of mothers and children.
Conclusion

Improving ME skills, rather than HEL, may be an effective way to sustain healthier eating behaviors in mothers and their children.
Level of evidence:

Level I, Evidence obtained from experimental studies
Effective health service planning and delivery: A qualitative case study exploring health service users perspectives
Authors: Marme Gigil
Published: May 2021

IntroductionHealthcare service is an essential determinant to population health. This qualitative case study aims to explore health service users’ perspective of effective health services delivery and the current challenges affecting the management and delivery of health services at a primary healthcare facility in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea (PNG).MethodsQualitative data were collected using semi-structured interviews with key informants (KI) representing academics, undergraduate students, administration staff, patients and healthcare workers. The interviews covered three main areas: users’ views of effective health services, current challenges affecting effective planning and management of primary healthcare services, and interventions to improve health services planning and delivery.ResultsThe services users associated effective health services delivery with increased availability, accessibility, acceptability, and quality healthcare. Many factors exist to influence the effective planning and delivery of health services. The results show that health systems and personal factors have a major influence on the planning and health services delivery.ConclusionThe findings from this study call for an evaluation of the current healthcare system, particularly at the primary healthcare level, as the primary point of contact to the formal healthcare system, and the need for developing a contextual model of healthcare that meet the needs of the service users. We concluded that if health services users’ perspectives are considered in health policy, the local community may experience significant improvement in health status.
GREEN SMART-CITY IN UKRAINE: HOW TO COMBINE REALITIES OF DOMESTIC ENTERPRISES AND EU STANDARDS
Authors: Chortok Yu. , Yevdokymova A. , Nechyporenko R. , Maiboroda O.
Published: May 2021

The article defines the essence of the concept of green Smart-City. The basic principles and problems of realization of green Smart-City concept in the EU countries are considered. The incentives, benefits of cities into green Smart-City are analyzed. The main achievements of the EU in providing the concept of green Smart-City are considered. Particular examples of European green Smart-City are analyzed.
It is obvious that the cities of Ukraine with their structure: transport networks, zones, nodes, with architecture and urban planning, as well as with the environment are far from foreign, which increasingly meet the requirements of "smart" cities. The urgency of solving this scientific problem is due to the need to find ways to ensure the effectiveness of the proposed measures related to the implementation of urban development projects based on the concept of "smart" city, IT development, solving of environmental problems. The purpose of this study is to form a theoretical and methodological basis for the transformation of Ukrainian cities to the requirements of green SmartCity, taking into account European standards of environmental safety and energy efficiency, demands and priorities of local entrepreneurs. The methodological tools of the study were the methods of comparative analysis, namely the experience of the EU and the USA in the formation of "smart" cities and justification on this basis the feasibility of taking into account the experience of successful examples of urban development strategies around the world. Systematization of literature sources on the areas of different approaches use showed that the cities of Ukraine have ample opportunities for development due to the standards of "smart" cities. The object of the study is the leading "smart" cities in the world, because they are an example for other cities in ensuring the well-being of their inhabitants. The article defines the concept and essence of green Smart-City. Arguments on the possibility and expediency of using the principles of Smart-City in the cities of Ukraine are also summarized. The basic principles and problems of implementation of green Smart-City concept in the EU countries are considered. The incentives, benefits and advantages of transforming ordinary cities into green Smart-City are analyzed. The main achievements of the EU in the field of providing the concept of green Smart-City are considered. Specific examples of European green Smart-City are analyzed.
FORMATION OF AN INTEGRATED THREAT INDEX OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMY
Authors: Yarovenko G. , Dotsenko T. , Kushnerev O.
Published: May 2021

The article considers the formation of an integrated threat index of the national economy. The purpose of the study is to form a methodological basis for determining the threat index of the national economy. It is determined that currently there is no perfect effective and high-quality approach to the methods of identifying threats to the country's economy, which causes an urgent need to develop an effective national methodology for ensuring the national economic security of the country.
To assess the threat index of the national economy, a structural-logical mathematical model was built, which includes the appropriate sequence of certain stages of the study. First, an information base of input predictors for the period in the dynamics, such as the state budget deficit, total debt, the share of foreign capital in the authorized capital of banks, international reserves in the months of import, the level of dollarization, the share of foreign currency in the money supply, control corruption, political stability and absence of violence / terrorism, rule of law, inflation rate, unemployment rate, GINI index, shadow economy level. The following are the indicators of the input information base of the study to a comparable form by conducting nonlinear normalization. The next step is to select the relevant indicators for estimating the threat index of the national economy on the basis of a combination of Pareto methods and scatter plot; the theoretical aspects of application of the specified methods to filtering of relevant predictors of input information base of research are considered. The final stage was the assessment of the integrated threat index of the national economy using the Kernel function and the multiplicative form of convolution. The visualization of both the general trend of the behavior of the integral index of time threats and variations within the minimum and maximum possible levels is carried out.
The practical application of the proposed methodology will allow timely and prompt support of the necessary organizational, institutional, regulatory conditions that provide the ability of the national economy to withstand external and internal threats and burdens, further quality adaptation to problems and destabilizing factors, rapid recovery from adverse factors.
ANALYSIS OF TRADITIONAL AND INNOVATIVE INSTRUMENTS OF BUSINESS ENTITIES` FINANCING
Authors: Zakharkin O. , Zakharkina L. , Solomko Yu. , Ivnytska К.
Published: May 2021

The analysis of publishing activity on the use of innovative tools for financing business activities has shown a recent increase in scientific interest in this issue, which indicates its relevance. The purpose of this study is to analyze the possibilities of using traditional and innovative tools for financing business activities at different stages of satisfaction the investment needs of businesses. The study considers the main traditional and innovative mechanisms for raising capital for business development, as well as analyzes the financing tools of economic entities depending on the stage of business development. The main forms of bank lending to business entities are described, the main mechanisms of state financing and its legislative regulation are considered. The main differences between business angels and venture funds are analyzed. An innovative form of project financing through crowdfunding is considered. Possibilities of application of mezzanine financing and initial public offering of shares at different stages of realization of investment projects are analyzed. SWOT-analysis of such capital raising instruments as: bank lending, public financing, financing based on the 3F model, venture financing, crowdfunding, mezzanine financing, IPO was made. Based on the SWOT-analysis, the expediency of using certain tools at different stages of development of the business entity is substantiated. Research has shown that innovative financing instruments have significant dissemination potential, especially in the context of the rapid development of information technology. Further research in this area should be devoted to identifying the factors contributing to the spread of innovative tools for business financing. The obtained results can be used by entrepreneurs in choosing the optimal sources of financing investment activities. The results of the work deepen the knowledge about the possibilities of using innovative tools for the formation of financial resources.
Low Temperature Tolerance of Apple Shoots Following Exposure to Warm Temperatures in Late Winter
Authors: Moran Renae E. , Peterson Bryan J. , Fazio Gennaro , Cline John A.
Published: May 2021

The goal of this research was to evaluate resistance of apple rootstocks to late winter deacclimation during a 2-day exposure to warm temperatures in Maine. We measured the cold temperature tolerance of xylem, phloem, and cambium from 0 to −40 °C in 1- and 2-year-old shoot pieces from apple rootstock cultivars and advanced selections ‘M.9 T337’ (M.9), ‘M.7 EMLA’ (M.7), ‘Budagovsky 9’ (B.9), ‘Geneva® 41’ (G.41), ‘Geneva 30’ (G.30), ‘Geneva 935’ (G.935), ‘Geneva 814’ (G.814), G.4013, G.5257, and Vineland 6 (V.6) after a 2-day exposure to warm (22 °C) or cold (2 to 4 °C) temperatures. Injury was measured on a 0 to 10 rating scale based on percentage of discolored cross-sectional xylem and phloem, and cambial length and circumference with brown discoloration, with 0 indicating no browning and 10 indicating browning in the entire tissue. Injury was also measured as intensity of browning on a scale of 0 (no browning) to 5 (dark brown to black). The weighted averages of the two ratings were used to calculate an index of browning. Genotypic variation occurred in the degree of deacclimation, which ranged from none to as much as 15 °C loss in hardiness. Two genotypes, ‘G.41’ and ‘M.9’, showed little change in hardiness in both years they were tested. Two genotypes, G.4013 and ‘G.814’, lost substantial hardiness in both years and may be vulnerable to late winter freeze-thaw events, but were among the hardiest before deacclimation. ‘G.935’ and G.5257 showed a small loss of hardiness, whereas ‘B.9’ lost hardiness in the cambium, but not the xylem, and V.6 lost hardiness after warm exposure, but showed almost no injury at temperatures as cold as −35 °C. The loss of hardiness of these four genotypes that were tested in only one year should be verified with additional testing because of the potential for yearly variation.
New Simple Sequence Repeat Markers on Linkage Groups 2 and 7, and Investigation of New Sources of Eastern Filbert Blight Resistance in Hazelnut
Authors: Şekerli Merve , Koma Golnaz Komaei , Snelling Jacob W. , Mehlenbacher Shawn A.
Published: May 2021

Eastern filbert blight (EFB), caused by Anisogramma anomala, is a fungal disease threatening the european hazelnut (Corylus avellana) industry in the Willamette Valley of Oregon. The pathogen is endemic to the eastern United States where it causes little damage to the wild Corylus americana but causes severe cankers on most cultivars of the commercially important european hazelnut. The host genetic resistance in ‘Gasaway’ is conferred by a dominant allele at a single locus on linkage group 6 (LG6), and resistance from several other sources has been mapped to the same region. Some fungal isolates can overcome ‘Gasaway’ resistance, prompting a search for other sources of resistance. Resistance from other sources has been mapped to LG2 and LG7, for which additional simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers would facilitate marker-assisted selection (MAS). In this study, an in silico approach was used to develop new polymorphic SSR markers in the EFB resistance regions on LG2 and LG7. Starting with a search of 17 contigs of the ‘Jefferson’ genome sequence, 45 new polymorphic SSR markers were developed, characterized, and placed on the linkage map. The new SSR markers had an average of 10.18 alleles per locus, and average values for expected heterozygosity, observed heterozygosity, polymorphism information content, and frequency of null alleles of 0.72, 0.65, 0.68, and 0.068, respectively. Of the 42 new polymorphic SSRs segregating in the mapping population, 24 were on LG2, 12 were on LG7, and six were placed on other LGs. The new and previously developed SSR markers were used to study six new sources of EFB resistance, four from Russia and two from Crimea. Six resistant selections were crossed with susceptible selections, resulting in 7 progenies. Phenotyping for disease response revealed that segregation in progenies of the two Moscow selections (#2 and #27), one Russian selection (OSU 1187.101), and one Crimean selection (H3R12P62) fit the 1:1 segregation ratio expected for control of resistance by a dominant allele at a single locus; but in progenies of the other Russian selection (OSU 1166.123) and the other Crimean selection (H3R07P11), there was an excess of resistant seedlings. Correlation of disease scores and alleles at SSR loci indicated that resistance from three Russian selections (Moscow selections #2 and #27 and OSU 1166.123) and the Crimean selection H3R12P62 was on LG7, while resistance from Russian selection OSU 1187.101 was on LG2. Resistance from Crimean selection H3R07P11 was not correlated with markers on LG6, or LG2, or LG7. These sources and new SSR markers will be useful in MAS and the pyramiding of resistance genes in the breeding of new EFB-resistant cultivars.
LA GROSSESSE HETEROTOPIQUE: A PROPOS DUN CASET REVUE DE LA LITTERATURE
Authors:   Service de Gyneco Obstetrique II CHU Hassan II De Fes., Abu Mattar Fadi , Saleh Abderahmane Mohamed ,   Service de Gyneco Obstetrique II CHU Hassan II De Fes., Douae Benrahal ,   Service de Gyneco Obstetrique II CHU Hassan II De Fes., Jayi Sofia ,   Service de Gyneco Obstetrique II CHU Hassan II De Fes., Fdili Alaoui Fatimazohra ,   Service de Gyneco Obstetrique II CHU Hassan II De Fes., Chaara Mouly Abdelilah Melhouf Hikmat ,   Service de Gyneco Obstetrique II CHU Hassan II De Fes.
Published: May 2021

Heterotopic pregnancy is defined by the simultaneous presence of an intrauterine pregnancy (GIU) and an ectopic pregnancy (GEU) in the same patient regardless of the location of the ectopic pregnancy. It is a pathological form of bi-ovular dizygotic twin pregnancy which implanted in the uterine cavity and the other in an ectopic situation. It is rare but exceptional, of ultrasound its diagnostic difficulties remain. This frequency has sharply increased in recent years due to the development of MAP techniques and the high frequency of upper genital infections. We report a case of a 37-year-old parturient who consulted for acute pelvic pain and bleeding in a context of amenorrhea and hemodynamic instability, a heterotopic pregnancy was diagnosed by ultrasound and an urgent mini laparotomy was performed. Through this case we want to retrospectively underline the great interest of the early diagnosis of heterotopic pregnancy in order to preserve the patients subsequent fertility as well as the GIU.
SYNDROME DENCEPHALOPATHIE POSTERIEURE REVERSIBLE (PRES) ET NECROSE CORTICALE LAMINAIRE: ASSOCIATION PEU COMMUNE. A PROPOS DUN CAS
Authors:   Service de radiologie, Hopital Ibn Tofail, CHU Mohammed VI de Marrakech., Mahad R. , Benzalim M. ,   Service de radiologie, Hopital Ibn Tofail, CHU Mohammed VI de Marrakech., Alj S. ,   Service de radiologie, Hopital Ibn Tofail, CHU Mohammed VI de Marrakech.
Published: May 2021

Lencephalopathie posterieure reversible (PRES) est une entite radio-clinique associant une imagerie encephalique typique (la distribution des lesions et les caracteristiques de signal qui sont ceux de lÅ“deme vasogenique) a une atteinte reversible du systeme nerveux central. Moins communement, le PRES atypique peut progresser vers un Å“deme cytotoxique responsable dune restriction de la diffusion et ou une hemorragie. La necrose corticale laminaire est une sequelle de depletion energetique a lorigine dune necrose selective des couches corticales les plus actives metaboliquement. Nous rapportons un cas peu commun dune association de PRES et de necrose corticale laminaire en decrivant les caracteristiques IRM de chacun dans leurs formes typiques et atypiques.
MENS REA AS THE BASIS OF DIVERSION IN THE CHILD CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM BASED ON RESTORATIVE JUSTICE
Authors:   Doctoral (PhD) Candidate in Law of the Faculty of Law Universitas 17 Augustus 1945 Surabaya-Indonesia., Chasanah Nur , Darmawan SU Arief ,   Professor of Law at the Faculty of Law, Universitas 17 Augustus 1945 Surabaya-Indonesia., Yudianto Otto ,   Associate Professor of Law at the Faculty of Law, Universitas 17 Augustus 1945 Surabaya Indonesia.
Published: May 2021

Restorative justice or more precisely keadilan restoratif in the Indonesian context is based on the principle of building joint participation between perpetrators, victims, and community groups in resolving a criminal act. The problem has been that in the formulation of the laws and government regulations diversion (diversi) is carried out if a criminal act is committed by a child who is punishable by imprisonment under seven years other than that if criminal acts that were committed by a child is not a repetition of criminal acts (recidive). A research using a normative legal research method found that through legal findings or rechtsvinding (penemuan hukum), judges can formulate criminal law policies through their decisions based on mens rea. Tt is a must for judges to settle criminal cases with a child of 12-years-old age perpetrator and/or the delinguent actor is a recidive via diversion. The provisions of Indonesian criminal procedure law dicates that judges are also obliged to seek diversion towards the settlement of all criminal cases whose actions were committed by children, both those with a criminal penalty over seven years and/or recidive or those who does not included in the two categories.
LISCHEMIE MESENTERIQUE AIGUE AU COURS DE LINFECTION VIRALE TYPE COVID-19 : A PROPOS DUN CAS
Authors:   Service de radiologie, Hopital Ibn Tofail, CHU Mohammed VI, Marrakech, Maroc., Mahad R. , Zouine Y. ,   Service de radiologie, Hopital Ibn Tofail, CHU Mohammed VI, Marrakech, Maroc., Benzalim M. ,   Service de radiologie, Hopital Ibn Tofail, CHU Mohammed VI, Marrakech, Maroc., Alj S. ,   Service de radiologie, Hopital Ibn Tofail, CHU Mohammed VI, Marrakech, Maroc.
Published: May 2021

Actuellement, les etudes sacharnent sur les manifestations systemiques de linfection virale type Covid-19, notamment latteinte vasculaire. Parmis ces manifestations, lischemie mesenterique aigue represente une complication redoutable a guetter.
ROLE OF PANCHAKARMA IN MANAGEMENT OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Authors:   PG Scholar, Assistant Professor, Assistant Professor, Professor and H.O.D., Priyanka Panchola , Neha Joshi ,   PG Scholar, Assistant Professor, Assistant Professor, Professor and H.O.D., a Deepshikha ,   Department of Kaumarbhritya, UAU, Gurukul campus, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India., G.P Garg ,   Department of Kaumarbhritya, UAU, Gurukul campus, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India.
Published: May 2021

Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic autoimmune disease that causes chronic inflammation of the joints.It causes inflammation of the tissue around the joints. As the disease advancement, the inflamed synovium occupies and damages the cartilage and bone of the joint. An autoimmune disease is a condition characterized by an abnormal immune response to a normal body part. Because it can affect various organs of the body, rheumatoid arthritis is referred to as a systemic disease and ultimately called rheumatoid disease. In Ayurvedaamavata is correlated with rheumatoid arthritis. Vitiatedvata and ama plays major role in the manifestation of amavata. Improper digestion of Rasaadidhatu leads to the formation of ama. Vitiated ama leads swelling, pain, stiffness, in many joints along with loss of function. Modern science does not offer any cure of RA, the management aims are limited. This article reviews the line of treatment for the management of amavata described by Acharyachakradatta. It was concluded that rheumatoid arthritis can be completely cured or treated with Ayurveda medication and Panchakarma therapies without any side effects.
HEREDITARY GINGIVAL FIBROMATOSIS: CLINICAL CASES AND LITERATURE REVIEW
Authors:   Oral Surgery Department, Dental Consultation and Treatment Center,Faculty of Dentistry Casablanca Morocco., Mahad C. , Haitami S. ,   Oral Surgery Department, Dental Consultation and Treatment Center,Faculty of Dentistry Casablanca Morocco., Adnane S. ,   Oral Surgery Department, Dental Consultation and Treatment Center,Faculty of Dentistry Casablanca Morocco., Chafi I. ,   Department of orthodontics, Dental Consultation and Treatment Center,Faculty of Dentistry Casablanca Morocco., Benyahya I. ,   Oral Surgery Department, Dental Consultation and Treatment Center,Faculty of Dentistry Casablanca Morocco.
Published: May 2021

Gingival fibromatosis (GF) is characterized by a slow and progressive proliferation that can affect the marginal and attached gingiva, or the inter-dental papillae. This condition can be localized or generalized, with varying degrees of severity.GF may develop in susceptible individuals as a side effect of systemic medications or as idiopathic gingival fibromatosis. It may also be related to hereditary factors and occurs as a non-syndromic hereditary gingival fibromatosis or as a part of a syndrome.Our aim is to describe trought four cases of hereditary gingival fibromatosis and a literature review the clinical features,etiopathogenesis, histopathological characteristics and treatment of this condition.