bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of drugs with hyaluronidase activity on the survival of animals with a purulent-inflammatory process in the abdominal organs
Authors: Kukushkin German V. , Zhuravleva Marina V. , Yurov Dmitry E.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: The optimization of the pharmacokinetics of antibiotics is an important aspect in improving the effectiveness of therapy for intra-abdominal infections. Thus, studying the survival of experimental animals with a simulated purulent-inflammatory process in abdominal organs using the combined use of antibacterial agents with endolymphatic agents is worthwhile.
AIMS: To examine the effect of the co-administration of cefotaxime and hyaluronidase or bovgyaluronidase azoximer on the survival of mice with a purulent-inflammatory process of the abdominal organs.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The purulent-inflammatory process of the abdominal organs, which was simulated by the intraperitoneal administration of a lethal dose of Staphylococcus aureus microbial suspension to mice, was evaluated. Four study groups were formed, with 28 animals each. Group 1 did not receive treatment, group 2 was administered with cefotaxime, and groups 3 and 4 received antibiotics after preliminary administration of hyaluronidase or bovgialuronidase azoximer. For the statistical analysis of animal survival, the Kaplan–Meier multiple assessment method was used, and a univariate analysis using a log-rank test was employed to identify significant differences between the groups.
RESULTS: During the study, a single injection of cefotaxime alone and in combination with other studied drugs promoted the survival of some mice with a simulated purulent-inflammatory process of the abdominal organs compared with the untreated group, and at the end of the experiment (day 7), 100% of the animals died. Moreover, the best results were achieved with the initial administration of hyaluronidase or bovhyaluronidase azoximer. Thus, on day 7 of observation, 70% of the animals in groups that received both an antibiotic and hyaluronidase or bovgyaluronidase azoximer survived. No statistically significant differences were found in the effect of these drugs on animal survival in the presence of an experimental purulent-inflammatory process.
CONCLUSION: A single injection of cefotaxime alone or in combination with other studied drugs ensures the survival of some mice with a simulated purulent-inflammatory process of the abdominal cavity compared with the control group, in which 100% of the animals died by the end of the experiment (day 7). Moreover, the best results were achieved in groups initially administered with hyaluronidase or bovgialuronidase azoximer.
Factors of oral sanitation and caries resistance of the teeth: A scientific review
Authors: Kopetsky Igor S. , Pobozhieva Ludmila V. , Sheveluk Yuliya V.
Published: April 2023

This study aimed to analyze social, clinical, and laboratory indicators that contribute to the maintenance of oral sanitation based on current literature.
This article analyzed data from foreign and domestic studies indexed in PubMed, CyberLeninka, MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus.
Literature data from the last 15 years were used. Epidemiological data have shown that dental caries affects 90% of the adult populations in the Russian Federation and European countries. The most important role in maintaining oral health care is determined by the complex composition of the microbial community. To ensure caries-free oral cavity from childhood, individual oral hygiene, nature of nutrition, and mineralization of tooth enamel must be emphasized. Caries-specific markers can be saliva proteins. Caries resistance is also caused by differences in the composition of the crystal lattice of enamel apatites and is characterized by an increase in the degree of substitution of the PO4 3group by CO3 2.
Maintaining oral hygiene and healthy teeth is influenced by a combination of factors such as the microbial composition of saliva, peculiarities of the metabolism in biofilm, genetic factors, structure of the crystal lattice of enamel apatites, nature of nutrition and peculiarities of individual oral hygiene, local use of fluorides, and educational level.
Results of monitoring diabetic retinopathy in patients after simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation
Authors: Vorobyeva Irina V. , Bulava Evgeniy V. , Balkarov Aslan G. , Dmitriev Ilya V.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND: Very few studies have focused on the state of the fundus and visual functions before and after simultaneous transplantation of the pancreas and kidney. In addition, the results and conclusions of authors on this topic are contradictory.
AIMS: To evaluate the ophthalmological status of patients with diabetic retinopathy before and after kidney and pancreas transplantation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The patients were divided into three groups: group 1 included patients on the transplant waiting list receiving hemodialysis, group 2 were kidney transplant recipients, and group 3 included patients who had undergone simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation. The ophthalmological status of patients was assessed through standard ophthalmic diagnostic methods and measurements of photosensitivity, central retinal thickness, choroid thickness, density perfusion of the superficial and deep retinal capillary plexus, choriocapillary layer, and deep choroidal layer in the foveal and parafoveal zones of the macular region.
RESULTS: The study involved 76 patients (152 eyes) (group 1, n=30 patients undergoing dialysis; group 2, n=24 kidney transplant recipients; group 3, n=22 kidney and pancreaticoduodenal post-transplant recipients). Signs of the active phase of the proliferative stage of diabetic retinopathy (group 1, 54.1%; group 2, 53.3%; and group 3, 25.9%, p 0.05) and diabetic macular edema (group 1, 26.4%; group 2, 31.8%; and group 3, 12.8%, p 0.05) were more common in groups 1 and 2 than in group 3. Moreover, group 3 needed laser therapy (group 1, 45.3%; group 2, 43.2%; and group 3, 20.5%, p 0.05) and antiangiogenic therapy to a lesser extent (group 1, 18.9%; group 2, 25.0%; and group 3, 5.1%, p 0.05) than patients undergoing dialysis and kidney recipients. The eyes of patients after simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation were characterized by the smallest retinal thickness, highest retinal and choroidal perfusion, and highest visual acuity and photosensitivity (p 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: A surgical method for restoring euglycemia through transplantation of physiologically active pancreatic tissue favorably affects the morphological and histological state of the retina and retinal and choroidal hemoperfusion and reduces the frequency of the active phase of proliferative diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema.
Modern technologies for the diagnostics and treatment of hearing diseases (Lecture for pharmacists - in the field of training 38.03.07 “Commodity science”)
Authors: Tyukavin Alexander I. , Solomennikov Alexander V. , Umarov Sergei Z.
Published: April 2023

The lecture describes the morphofunctional organization of the sound-conducting and sound-receiving structures of the auditory analyzer. The most common types of pathology that lead to impaired functions of the hearing organ are described. Causes and mechanisms of development of two main types of hearing impairment conductive and sensorineural hearing loss are highlighted. Modern hardware complexes and operational technologies are shown, which are used for the diagnosis and treatment of conductive hearing disorders. Causes and mechanisms of sensorineural hearing loss are highlighted. Microelectronic devices (cochlear implants) and the technology of their transplantation into the affected hearing organ are described. The characteristics of hearing aids, which are most often recommended by experts to patients of various ages with hearing impairment, are given.
Iranian Migrants’ Perceptions of Turkish and Iranian Culture: A Comparative Analysis with ZMET Technique
Authors: BATU Mikail , SARVARİ KOHNEHSHAHRİ Fatemeh , VARIŞLI Berfin
Published: April 2023

This study aims to determine the perceptions of culture and communication in the social life of Iran and Türkiye. In the study, the prominent aspects of how Iranian migrants experience the culture and communication in the social life were examined. Furthermore, it was endeavored to ascertain the most important issues in Turkish and Iranian culture for Iranian migrants. In this context, Iranian migrants who reside in Türkiye were reached by using Snowball Sampling method, and Zaltman’s ZMET Technique was used in the study. According to this technique, in-depth interviews were made with 10 Iranian migrants who reside in Türkiye. The contents of the interviews were transferred to a virtual environment as text, and specific codes were determined via content analysis. As a result of this analysis, a consensus map was created. Consequently, it was observed that Iranian migrants associated Iranian culture with the Nowruz festival, family, Iranian dishes and desserts, historical symbols, and religious symbols and they described Turkish culture through Atatürk, the Turkish flag, family, city, and the social life. The participants mentioned that Iran is in a global war and therefore, they depicted the country mostly in the color red. The cultural codes and the colors red, blue, green, and beige were emphasized for Türkiye.
面向印尼中级汉语学习者的指人缀词研究
Authors: Sunarti S , Liying Zeng
Published: April 2023

Abstract: This paper research the 10 personal’s Chinese semi-affixes such as “人, 鬼, 汉, 师, 家, 生, 手, 星, 员, 长, among the intermediate phase of the Chinese Department State University of Surabaya in Indonesia in the form of questionnaires. At the same time, the condition of Indonesian students personal’s semi-affixes in the Chinese language was analyzed. This paper finds that within 10 Chinese personal’s semi-affixes mentioned, Indonesian students in the intermediate phases have mastered the personal’s semi-affixes: “师”, “员”, and “长”and the intermediate Indonesian students find “鬼”, “家” and “星” were most difficult.

摘要: 本文以印度尼西亚泗水国立大学中文系中间阶段中的“人、鬼、汉、师、家、生、手、星、员、长”等10个指人词缀的形式进行研究。 同时，对印尼学生汉语个人半词缀的情况进行了分析。 本文发现，在提到的10个中文指人词缀中，中级阶段的印尼学生已经掌握了指人词缀：“师”、“员”、“长”。 印尼中级学生觉得“鬼”、“家”、“星”最难。
The Effect of Flipped Learning Physical Education on Students' Knowledge, Skills and Motivation
Authors: Karaman Bedriye , Arslan Yunus
Published: April 2023

It seems inevitable that the developing technology will be integrated into the field of education. The application of Flipped Learning (FL), which includes a technology component, in physical education will enable us to better understand the reflections of the approach on the lesson. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the FL on students’ knowledge, motivation and skill development in physical education. A pretest-posttest matched control group design was used. The participants, whose mean age is 14.5±1.0, consists of 62 high school students who have just started their school, including 32 experimental (11 boys, 21 girls), 30 control (10 boys, 20 girls ). The FL, which was used in physical education, increased students' knowledge (Z= -4.18, p= .00) and motivation (Wilks' λ= .16, F(1, 60)= 55.60, p= .00, η2= .83) , according to the findings . It only had an impact on the passing technical skill of the volleyball, which was utilized to assess skill development (M= 3.00, Sd= 1.07; p< .05) . As a result, this study offers some evidence that the FL is an important factor affecting students' volleyball content knowledge in physical education and can help to motivate them to participate the lesson. Further studies are needed to test the effect of the FL on skill development in physical education.
A Novel Article Recommendation System Empowered by the Hybrid Combinations of Content-Based State-of-the-Art Methods
Authors: Kuş İlya , Bozkurt Keser Sinem , Okyay Savaş
Published: April 2023

The initial literature reviewing step is of great importance during any scientific reporting. Nevertheless, finding relevant papers grows tough as the number of online scientific publications rapidly increases. Correspondingly, the need for article recommendation systems has emerged, which aim to recommend new papers suitable for the researchers’ interests. Using these systems provides researchers access to related publications quickly and effectively. In this study, a novel article recommendation system, which is empowered by the hybrid combinations of content-based state-of-the-art methods, is proposed. Various methods are utilized comparatively for an in-depth analysis, and user profiles are evaluated. 41,000 articles collected from the ARXIV dataset are used in the performance evaluation. In the experiments in which Word2vec and LDA are combined, Precision@50, Recall@50, and F1-score@50 achieve the highest performance with .206, .791, and .498 values, respectively. The in-depth analysis and the numerical findings justify that the proposed system is strong and promising compared to the literature.
Level of satisfaction on online teaching method among undergraduate students – A Descriptive Cross-sectional study
Authors: Elakiya T.T. , Kalabarathy S.
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Formal education is the smooth pathway for learning, or gaining of knowledge, skills and values in a controlled atmosphere with the avowed goal of instructing students. The deadly infectious disease COVID-19 had a significant impact on the global economy and education sector forced many schools and colleges to remain closed temporarily. So, many colleges and universities have begun to offer online courses as a viable alternative to traditional face-to-face instruction. Nearly 30% of students were taking a course online with 21% growth rate for online enrollment of the overall higher education student population. Aim and Objective: The aim of the study is to assess the level of satisfaction on online teaching method among undergraduate students with their selected demographic variables. Methodology: The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted with 100 undergraduate students selected by using purposive sampling technique. Satisfaction level was assessed by using self-structured Student’s satisfaction scale. Results: 1(1%) of the student was dissatisfied, 1 (1%) of the student was moderately dissatisfied, 67 (67%) of the students were moderately satisfied and 31 (31%) of the students were satisfied with online method of teaching. The overall mean score on level of satisfaction online teaching method was 74.72 ±11.14. Conclusion: Domains such as teaching strategies, student involvement and learning outcome are critical for educational management to achieve higher levels of satisfaction and performance for online courses among students.
Performance Analysis of Heart Disease Prediction System using Novel Random Forest Over Naive Bayes Algorithm with an Improved Accuracy Rate
Authors: Poojitha T. , Mahaveerakannan R.
Published: April 2023

Aim: The cardiac is a vital organ in the human body. Life is entirely dependent on the functional workings of the heart. Cardiovascular disease refers to diseases of the cardiac and the blood vessels that supply it. The primary goal of this article is to perform on the exactness of the arrangement of coronary disease expectation utilizing the assistance of AI calculations. We will be comparing the novel Random forest with Naive Bayes to find out which of these can give us the best accuracy. Material and Methods: The study used 1402 samples with Novel Random Forest and Naive Bayes is executed with varying training and testing splits for foreseeing the exactness for coronary illness forecast with the 80% of G-power value and cardiovascular disease information were collected from various website domains using the most recent research and a threshold of 0.05%, a 95% uncertainty range, a mean, and a confidence interval. The accuracy rate of the classifiers is used to evaluate their performance using the heart disease dataset. A statistically insignificant difference exists among the two groups p=0.199; p>0.05. Results and Discussion: The accuracy of predicting heart disease in Novel Random Forest 90.16% and Naive Bayes 85.25% is obtained. Conclusion: Prediction of Heart disease using With enhanced accuracy, the novel Random Forest(RF) the technique appears to be far better to the Naive Bayes(NB).
Kerberos based Authentication for healthcare application (KAHA) in IoT WBAN
Authors: Meenakshi R. , Nawaz N. , Ramakrishnan R. , Chirputkar A.
Published: April 2023

As a result of the fast development of technology, healthcare systems have rapidly morphed into an all-pervasive environment that is replete with a variety of difficulties and possibilities. Threats and assaults with severe societal effects have been launched due to the increasing popularity of WBANs and their features and applications. The data is encrypted using a Ciphertext-Policy Attribute-Based Encryption algorithm and signed at the data sink in Secure and Efficient data transfer protocol, guaranteeing the data’s safety at all times. The computational cost and complexity to solve this issue string are both raised by this technique. Security code that the public may access In WBAN, cryptography allows Kerberos-based authentication. Public-key cryptography can be used to secure the initial authentication procedure. The procedure’s goal is to let the user safely send the required certificate (including the TGT and session key) to the sensor. The simulation results demonstrate that this approach improved the detection ratio, and minimized the false positive ratio compared to the baseline protocol in the network.
Study of Menstrual Hygiene Practices among the Women of Reproductive Age Group in Sangrur Village, Pune-Maharashtra
Authors: Ritika M. , Neha A. , Dixita K.
Published: April 2023

Menstrual hygiene is a concept of deep concern as; unhygienic practices can lead to health problems like reproductive tract infections and their complications. There is a definite difference between the menstrual hygiene practices among urban and rural women, influenced by literacy, awareness, accessibility, and exposure. This community-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in Sangrur village, Pune using a questionnaire and personal interview method. It was observed that 70% of the population used cloth during menstruation; irrespective of that 83% were aware of sanitary napkins. The women’s attitude of resistance to change and lack of information about the importance of using sanitary napkins were found to be the reasons for not shifting to sanitary napkins. Sanitary product used and period hygiene practices adopted by the women of Sangrur village, Pune is unsatisfactory. Improving the level of health education can go a long way in enhancing menstrual hygiene practices.
Pandemics and Their Business Impacts: A Global Perspective
Authors: Tiwari C.K. , Pal A. , Khandelwal T.
Published: April 2023

In the long and medium term, the evolution of pandemics and the resulting harm to the global economy have been alarming. Pandemics have a variety of detrimental effects on the economy. They impact families, companies, and the government by reducing labor supply, worker productivity, and population income, increasing company expenditures and public healthcare infrastructure costs. This research aims to examine and organize the present body of knowledge in the field of pandemics and their economic effect. With the help of a systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis, the study presents the status and development in this area of research. All business sectors, including supply chain, logistics, travel & tourism, entertainment, recreation and fitness, hospitality, have been negatively impacted worldwide. The paper contributes to the existing state of literature by examining the impact of significant pandemics on various business activities around the globe. However, there is a surge in telecommunication, including data providers and e-commerce businesses.
Analysis and comparison for prediction of Diabetic Pregnant women using Innovative Principal Component Analysis algorithm over Support Vector Machine Algorithm with Improved Accuracy
Authors: Kumar P.V.S. , Kumar N.S.
Published: April 2023

Aim: The study’s aim is to analyze and compare the accuracy, sensitivity, and precision of diabetic prediction among pregnant women using the innovative Principal Component Analysis algorithm and Support Vector Analysis. Materials and Methods: This study involves two groups: Principal Component Analysis (N=20) algorithm and Support Vector Machine (N=20) with a sample size of 40 for each group. The sample size calculation uses a pre-test power of 80%, a threshold of 0.05, and a confidence interval of 95%. Results: Performance of algorithms are measured using accuracy, sensitivity, and precision. Principal Component Analysis algorithm results in mean accuracy of 79.43% significantly different with P=0.488(p>0.05), a sensitivity of 79.29% with P=0.096 (p<0.05), and a precision of 83.57%. Support Vector Machine algorithm results in mean accuracy of 77.67%, a sensitivity of 76.67%, and a precision of 83.54%. Conclusion: Principal Component Analysis algorithm performed significantly better than the Support Vector Machine algorithm for Diabetic prediction.
Effect of tillage systems combined with plastic film mulches and fertilizers on soil physical properties in a wheat-agricultural site in southern Iraq
Authors: Gatea Al-Shammary Ahmed Abed , Lahmod Nabil Raheem , Fernández-Gálvez Jesús , Caballero-Calvo Andrés
Published: April 2023

This study researches the influence of the three tillage systems (conventional, economical and mulch tillage) when combined with different soil plastic mulching and fertilizer applications on key selected soil physical properties (SPP) at 0-20 cm soil depth in a wheat agricultural site, during summer (from 1st June to 31st July 2015). SPP include soil porosity (Φ), volumetric soil water content 60 days after irrigation to field capacity (q60), and mean weight diameter of aggregates (MWD). The term mulch tillage refers here to a soil conservation practice where the soil surface is disturbed by tillage whereby crop residues are mixed with the soil and a certain amount of residues remain on the soil surface, while mulching refers to the placement of inorganic material over the top of a soil surface to protect it. Soil treatments included tillage system: conventional tillage using a combination of a mouldboard plough and a disc harrow (MP+DH), economical tillage using a rotary cultivator (RC), and mulch tillage using a chisel plough (MT+CP); soil plastic mulching: transparent mulching (TM), black mulching (BM) of 200 cm wide with 0.05 cm thick, and without mulching (WM); and fertilisers: composed organic fertiliser (CoF), no-composed organic fertiliser (NoF), and chemical fertiliser (ChF). The split–split-plot design under the randomized complete block design (RCBD) was established in 27 treatments with 3 replicated, to map Φ, q60, and MWD based on 81 soil samples from all treatments. Results showed that the different soil treatments have diverse impacts on SPP. MP+DH resulted in the higher q60 (0.22 cm3 cm-3), MWD (0.85 mm), and Φ (56.87%). Our findings showed that MT+CP obtained a higher MWD of 0.98 mm and lower Φ of 49% compared to other tillage systems. Soil mulching had significantly modified SPP, with BM resulting in the highest Φ (55.65%), q60 (0.35 cm3 cm-3), and MWD (1.06 mm). Results indicated no significant differences between fertiliser types on SPP. The CoF had a significant effect on MWD and related soil characteristics studied. These findings can help us to understand the individual and combined effects of the tillage system, mulching, and fertilization application on some soil characteristics in wheat agriculture. A further study with more focus on the influence of tillage depths and mulching types (plastic vs organic mulch for different crops) under a variety of soils and climatic conditions, as well as on soil thermal properties needs further investigation.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding drug allergy among healthcare providers in Eastern India
Authors: Deependra Kumar Rai  , Pramod Kumar Manjhi  , Rathis Nair
Published: April 2023

Background: Drug allergy (DA) or hypersensitivity is an immunologically mediated reaction producing stereotype symptoms which is challenging for health care providers (HCP). Objective of current study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of drug allergy among healthcare providers in eastern India.
Methods: A 25-item self-administered DA questionnaire was developed and applied in our study. The questionnaire covered 3 domains: knowledge, attitudes, and practice patterns. From July 2020 to September 2020, HCPs participated in the cross-sectional study.
Results: A total of 237 HCPs participated in the study, and all questionnaires were analysed.
Among the respondents, 226 (95.4%) were nurses, 9 (3.8%) were doctors and 2 (0.8%) were pharmacists. The majority of HCPs agreed that drug-induced immediate allergic reactions were IgE mediated 225 (94.9%), occur within 6 hours of drug administration (89.9%), and epinephrine was the first choice for drug-induced anaphylaxis (76.8%). 97.9% HCPs agreed that penicillin skin test was valuable to predict the allergic reaction. More than 80% of the respondents would take patients’ allergic history before drug administration, while 75.5% agreed that they recognize and manage drug allergy timely when it occurs.
Conclusions: Drug allergy was often diagnosed and managed inadequately, regardless of practice location, employment status and speciality in eastern India. The HCPs demonstrated a low level of knowledge regarding DA. Advanced education is urgently needed for better understanding and filling the gaps that exist in the knowledge and clinical practice of DA.
Effect of saroglitazar in South Indian patients with diabetic dyslipidemia uncontrolled on a moderate-intensity statin and the association of PPAR α and γ gene polymorphisms with its response
Authors: Bage Isaac J. , Kamalanathan Sadishkumar , Selvarajan Sandhiya , Sahoo Jayaprakash , Mathaiyan Jayanthi , Naik Dukhabandhu
Published: April 2023

Background: Diabetic dyslipidemia is associated with atherosclerosis risk factors and cardiovascular disease. Saroglitazar is a dual PPAR α and γ agonist approved initially for diabetic dyslipidemia and later for managing non-alcoholic steatohepatitis and hyperglycemia in T2DM. This study was conducted to estimate the association of studied PPAR α and γ gene polymorphisms among patients with diabetic dyslipidemia at baseline and with triglyceride response to saroglitazar administration.
Methods: A total of 54 diabetic dyslipidemia patients who are not controlled i.e., triglycerides (TG)>200 mg/dl with moderate intensity of atorvastatin (≥10 mg) were recruited to the study. All the patients were given saroglitazar 4 mg once daily for 12 weeks. PPARα single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs1800206, rs4253778, rs135542 and those of PPARγ gene rs3856806, rs10865710, rs1805192 were genotyped by real-time PCR.
Results: 54 patients (67% female) with a mean age of 48.01±6.73 years were given saroglitazar 4 mg once daily for 12 weeks. There was a significant decrease in TG (36.9%) from baseline of 292.33±83.81mg/dl (mean±SD) to 184.46±95.90 mg/dl (<0.001) and in HbA1c (0.66%) from baseline of 8.5% to 7.8% (<0.001). PPAR α and PPAR γ gene variants did not show any association with TG lowering response.
Conclusions: Saroglitazar 4mg once daily effectively decreases the TG, non-HDL-C levels, and HbA1c with no major adverse events, and TG lowering response is not associated with the studied polymorphisms.
Thoracic segmental spinal anaesthesia vs general anaesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a comparative study
Authors: Mahasivabhattu Sai Srivani , Chembeti Gopalakrishnaiah  , P. Sophia  , A. Vishnu Vardhan
Published: April 2023

Background: Regional anaesthesia techniques are now being preferred over General anaesthesia in patients with major medical problems and those at high risk for GA. Thoracic segmental spinal anaesthesia has recently gained popularity because of its safety and efficacy in procedures like laparoscopic cholecystectomy, breast surgeries etc.
Methods: A comparative study involving 50 patients of ASA grade I & II of both genders with age group of 25-55 years, weighing between 50-85 kg posted for lap. Cholecystectomy in GGH, Kakinada for a study period of 5 months. 50 Patients were divided into Group A & Group B with 25 patients in each group. After taking informed & written conscent, Group A patients were given Thoracic Segmental Spinal Anaesthesia at T10 level with Inj.0.5% isobaric Levo-bupivacaine 1.75 ml (13.75 mg) with Inj. Fentanyl 0.25 ml (25 mcg) and Group B patients were given GA with fentanyl, propofol, sevoflurane, succinylcholine and vecuronium.
Results: conscious patients with less hemodynamic variability, greater duration of post operative analgesia, greater duration for first rescue analgesia were observed in Group A. Whereas greater hemodynamic variability, intubation response, more requirement of intraoperative opioid, less duration of post operative analgesia, lesser time for first rescue analgesia were observed in Group B.
Conclusions: TSSA is safe alternative as it provides excellent analgesia. With TSSA, GA can be avoided in patents with comorbidities.
Prolonged Limb and Respiratory Muscle Weakness Associated with Japanese Encephalitis Virus Infection: A Case Report
Authors: Hong Sunmok , Park Seoyeong , Lee Yeji , Lee Ryeojin , Hyun Sung Eun
Published: April 2023

Patients diagnosed with Japanese encephalitis (JE) may present with flaccid paralysis. JE has also been reported to be accompanied by anterior horn cell disease or motor axonal polyneuropathy. We report a case of a patient with JE with prolonged limb and respiratory muscle weakness who underwent electrodiagnostic studies, including a phrenic nerve conduction study, 10 months after the onset of paralysis. During that 10-month period, severe weakness of the upper and lower extremities showed no recovery, and the patient required long-term ventilator support through a tracheostomy. Nerve conduction studies and electromyography revealed chronic anterior horn cell disease with abundant denervation potentials involving the craniobulbar, cervical, thoracic, and lumbosacral segments. In addition to the nerves in the upper and lower extremities, the phrenic motor nerves showed abnormalities indicative of diaphragmatic weakness. Therefore, in patients with JE with chronic limb weakness and respiratory difficulty, thorough electrodiagnostic studies should be performed to diagnose the combination of anterior horn cell disease with encephalitis and to evaluate the condition’s severity and prognosis.
Construction of an Adaptive Motion Control System Optimal Information Exchange Scheme for a Group of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Authors: Kazakov Leonid Nikolaevich , Kubyshkin Evgeniy Pavlovich , Paley Dmitry Ezrovich
Published: April 2023

The paper considers the problem of modeling an adaptive control system information exchange for a group of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The movement of the UAV group is carried out in accordance with the adaptive algorithm for optimal control. Optimal controls are constructed to provide a minimum of the total energy expended. The parameters of the mathematical model of the movement of the UAV group are refined during the flight in accordance with changing external conditions. In accordance with this, the control actions are specified. This task requires significant computing resources and imposes special requirements on the information exchange system between the UAV and the control point. A scheme of information exchange between the UAV and the control point is proposed, which makes it possible to calculate the optimal parameters of the transmitting devices.
Name Entity Recognition Tasks: Technologies and Tools
Authors: Lagutina Nadezhda Stanislavona , Vasilyev Andrey Mikhaylovich , Zafievsky Daniil Dmitrievich
Published: April 2023

The task of named entity recognition (NER) is to identify and classify words and phrases denoting named entities, such as people, organizations, geographical names, dates, events, terms from subject areas. While searching for the best solution, researchers conduct a wide range of experiments with different technologies and input data. Comparison of the results of these experiments shows a significant discrepancy in the quality of NER and poses the problem of determining the conditions and limitations for the application of the used technologies, as well as finding new solutions. An important part in answering these questions is the systematization and analysis of current research and the publication of relevant reviews. In the field of named entity recognition, the authors of analytical articles primarily consider mathematical methods of identification and classification and do not pay attention to the specifics of the problem itself. In this survey, the field of named entity recognition is considered from the point of view of individual task categories. The authors identified five categories: the classical task of NER, NER subtasks, NER in social media, NER in domain, NER in natural language processing (NLP) tasks. For each category the authors discuss the quality of the solution, features of the methods, problems, and limitations. Information about current scientific works of each category is given in the form of a table for clarity. The review allows us to draw a number of conclusions. Deep learning methods are leading among state-of-the-art technologies. The main problems are the lack of datasets in open access, high requirements for computing resources, the lack of error analysis. A promising area of research in NER is the development of methods based on unsupervised techniques or rule-base learning. Intensively developing language models in existing NLP tools can serve as a possible basis for text preprocessing for NER methods. The article ends with a description and results of experiments with NER tools for Russian-language texts.
Annotation of Text Corpora by Sentiment and Presence of Irony within a Project of Citizen Science
Authors: Paramonov Ilya Vyacheslavovich , Poletaev Anatoliy Yurievich
Published: April 2023

The paper is devoted to construction of a sentence corpus annotated by the general sentiment into 4 classes (positive, negative, neutral, and mixed), a corpus of phrasemes annotated by the sentiment into 3 classes (positive, negative, and neutral), and a corpus of sentences annotated by the presence or absence of irony. The annotation was done by volunteers within the project “Prepare texts for algorithms” on the portal “People of science”.

The existing knowledge on the domain regarding each task was the basis to develop guidelines for annotators. A technique of statistical analysis of the annotation result based on the distributions and agreement measures of the annotations performed by various annotators was also developed.
For the annotation of sentences by irony and phrasemes by the sentiment the agreement measures were rather high (the full agreement rate of 0.60--0.99), whereas for the annotation of sentences by the general sentiment the agreement was low (the full agreement rate of 0.40), presumably, due to the higher complexity of the task. It was also shown that the results of automatic algorithms of detecting the sentiment of sentences improved by 12–13 % when using a corpus for which all the annotators (from 3 till 5) had the agreement, in comparison with a corpus annotated by only one volunteer.
Виды геодезических приборов и их применение в сельском хозяйстве
Authors: Турк Г.Г. , Блиновских А.С. , Новоселов Р.В.
Published: April 2023

В данной статье рассматриваются виды геодезических приборов, а также описываются их плюсы и минусы. Выделен современный метод работы – метод нивелирования, который способствует быстрой и максимально упрощенной работе для современных сельскохозяйственных комплексов.
Hidrelétricas na Amazônia como estratégia de desenvolvimento (2003-2016): uma abordagem heterodoxa sobre infraestruturas (Paper 552)
Authors: Pimentel Cleyton Alves Candeira , Costa Diego De Mendonça , Ravena Nírvia
Published: April 2023

Nas últimas duas décadas, registrou-se momento de grande produção de infraestruturas econômico-espaciais na Amazônia. Boa parte desses empreendimentos direcionou-se para o setor energético, concentrando-se na concessão de subsídios para a expansão e/ou implementação de usinas hidrelétricas, devido ao grande potencial hídrico encontrado no seu território. Nesse sentido, a produção de infraestruturas hidrelétricas na região reproduziu-se em formato particular daquele identificado em outras regiões brasileiras, como no eixo Sul/Sudeste – sobretudo em relação ao tratamento concedido a temas de cunho socioambiental, voltados para questões que compreendem do desenvolvimento regional à sustentabilidade. Frente a isso, o presente trabalho objetivou sistematizar uma releitura histórica do planejamento integrado supranacional, nacional e setorial relativos à produção de infraestruturas hidrelétricas – em base na moderna ocupação territorial da Amazônia Legal como estratégia de escala flexível – que variou, em termos geográficos, do local ao global. Desse modo, pensar em infraestruturas na Amazônia para o desenvolvimento local, e não mais para o desenvolvimento nacional territorialmente desigual, é pensar em infraestruturas sustentáveis, com tecnologias que privilegiem as questões socioambientais e não somente interesses econômicos.Palavras-chave: Infraestruturas. Hidrelétricas. Amazônia Legal. Planos de Desenvolvimento.
Towards Collaborative Business Intelligent Framework: Crowdsourcing Approach
Authors: Cherednichenko Olga , Vovk Maryna , Sutiahin Oleksandr
Published: April 2023

Collaborative Business Intelligence goes beyond the organization frame and collecting people in one virtual space in order to give their opinion concerning certain issue results in an opportunity to boost the decision-making process and make it more reasonable. Strangers solve one problem without direct interaction and use the developed results. Tourists often search for information from different sources and compare found facts. It takes a lot of time and effort. So, having an application, where users could find relevant information and use it for decisionmaking is essential. The aim of the paper is to develop an application for tourists using which they could make a decision about where and why to go. We propose an approach to collect and clear data related to tourism, preprocess and structure tourism data convenient interface and tools for collaborative analysis.
Exaggerated risk perception of asbestos-related diseases: commentary
Authors: Jargin S. V.
Published: April 2023

Health risks from asbestos have been evaluated on the basis of professional histories from remote past, when exposures at workplaces were greater than today. The linear no-threshold model has been applied, although its relevance has not been demonstrated. Fibers are often found in the lungs and pleura at post mortem examinations. The fnding of fbers does not prove that a disease was caused by asbestos. It can be reasonably assumed that targeted search for mesothelioma and other asbestos-related diseases in exposed people resulted in increased detection rate. Histological and immunochemical characteristics of malignant mesothelioma partly overlap with other cancers, which may contribute to overdiagnosis in exposed populations. Amphibole asbestos is more toxic than chrysotile but there are discrepancies between experimental and epidemiological data. The promising way to obtain reliable information is lifelong animal experiments. Asbestos bans applied in some countries are excessive and should be reconsidered on the basis of independent research. It can be reasonably assumed that non-use of asbestos-containing brakes, freproofng, and insulation increases the harm from fres, armed conﬂicts and trafc accidents.
Erythropoietin: function and therapeutic potential
Authors: Lykov A. P.
Published: April 2023

Erythropoietin (EPO) exerts its eﬀect on erythroid lineage cells through interaction with the EPO receptor (EPOR), the so-called canonical pathway, and through a complex consisting of EPOR and a common cytokine receptor beta subunit (CD131) – a non-canonical pathway for non-hematopoietic cells of the human and animal body. EPO realizes its eﬀects through the launch of a signaling cascade, which begins with the phosphorylation of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and then with the involvement of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase B (PI3K) or Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) or signal transducers and transcription activators (STAT). EPO exhibits a direct cytoprotective eﬀect through increased CD131 expression and subsequent development of anti-apoptotic and anti-inﬂammatory eﬀects in target cells. In addition to its use in the treatment of anemia, EPO is increasingly being used in correction of inﬂammatory and degenerative processes, both in experimental and clinical studies. EPO promotes the engraftment of stem cells, diﬀerentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in the connective tissue direction, suppresses the inﬂammatory response and apoptosis of cells in the lesion. The article includes literature data concerning EPO and its clinical use in inﬂammatory and degenerative processes, based on data from eLibrary and the National Center for Biotechnological Information (NCBI) for the period 1998–2022.
The role of immune factors in the etiopathogenesis of osteoarthritis
Authors: Fedulichev P. N.
Published: April 2023

Osteoarthritis is caused by a complex interplay of genetic, metabolic, immunological, inﬂammatory, biochemical, and biomechanical factors. In recent years, a fairly large number of studies have been devoted to the role of cellular factors of the immune system in the development of osteoarthritis. The aim of the study was to analyze scientifc publications devoted to the study of cellular factors in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and to assess their signifcance in the development of joint pathology. Material and methods. The search for publications by keywords was carried out in the PubMed, Google Scholar, eLibrary databases and specialized journals related to therapy, rheumatology, traumatology and immunology from 2000 to 2022. Results and discussion. Summarizing modern ideas about the role of cellular factors of the immune system in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis, it is necessary to note the presence of synovial inﬂammation, a key role in the development of which is assigned to macrophages. At the same time, patients with osteoarthritis are characterized by the predominance of classically activated macrophages with a pronounced pro-inﬂammatory eﬀect. In addition, T lymphocytes also play an important role in the pathogenesis of joint damage. Among them, a special role is given to T helper cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes and memory T cells. An imbalance of cytokines and chemokines produced by subpopulations of T lymphocytes is the reason for triggering a number of mechanisms for the onset and progression of osteoarthritis. A signifcant role in the development and progression of osteoarthritis is also assigned to neutrophils, which contribute to the development of inﬂammation. Neutrophil-produced elastase enhances cartilage degradation, chondrocyte apoptosis, unbalanced subchondral bone remodeling, and osteophyte formation. Conclusions. Knowledge of the role of cellular immune factors in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and ways to implement their eﬀects determines the prospects for the use of immunotropic agents. Also, it should be taken into account that the occurrence and progression of osteoarthritis is due to the simultaneous combination of the inﬂuence of a wide range of various components, including risk factors, traumatic joint injury, etc.
Państwo wobec grup dominujących w gospodarce – perspektywa instytucjonalnej ekonomii politycznej
Authors: Ząbkowicz Anna
Published: April 2023

Autorka przywołuje poglądy i aparat pojęciowy w pewnym nurcie nauki o społeczeństwie, przywiązującym znaczenie do działań zbiorowych i aktywności grup interesów. Ten sposób teoretyzowania, jej zdaniem, pomaga rozumieć istotę gospodarowania w otaczającym nas świecie pełniej niż metodyczny indywidualizm. Zawartość książki adekwatnie można streścić za pomocą kilku stanowisk badawczych, a zakres wykorzystanego w niej dorobku naukowego - objaśnić dzięki przypisanym do tych stanowisk wielkim nazwiskom. Po pierwsze, aby zrozumieć efekty gospodarowania, co podkreśla między innymi Douglas C. North, trzeba razem rozważać i gospodarkę, i proces polityczny (polity), który ostatecznie określa prawa własności i generalną strukturę bodźców stanowiących klucz do wyników gospodarczych. Po drugie, polityka publiczna nie jest wyłączną domeną współczesnych państw, lecz do pewnego stopnia jest też rezultatem rzecznictwa interesów. Jak to ujął Wolfgang Streeck, "kapitalizm podlega renegocjacji". W strukturach współczesnego demokratycznego państwa własne reprezentacje mają interesy pracownicze, organizacje społeczeństwa obywatelskiego i inne. Niemniej, co podkreśla na przykład w niektórych pracach John K. Galbraith, główna linia napięcia przebiega w historii kapitalizmu między nowożytnym państwem i zgrupowaniami prywatnych firm („korporacjami”). Grupy finansowo-przemysłowo-handlowe mają nie tylko zdolność uzyskiwania wyników w postaci sprzedaży czy zysków, lecz także zdolność wpływania na wyniki ekonomiczne. To oznacza, że mają szczególną władzę. Wielopodmiotowe organizacje zaangażowane w działalność zarobkową, jak wskazuje politolożka Susan Strange, wywierają wpływ bezwiednie z racji strukturalnej władzy w gospodarce lub w sposób intencjonalny i zorganizowany w strefie publicznego wyboru. Z tego powodu zgrupowania firm penetrują społeczeństwo - a nie wyłącznie stosunki gospodarcze. To za ich sprawą w dużej mierze transakcyjne aspekty i dążenie do akumulacji nadwyżki górują nad innym przejawami aktywności społecznej. Kontekst rozważań tworzą odniesienia do procesów zachodzących w rzeczywistym świecie. W odnośnych fragmentach przedmiotem studiów jest finansjeryzacja, rzecznictwo wąskich interesów oraz transformacja demokratycznego państwa socjalnego, które coraz bardziej zasługuje na miano państwa długu. Stare teorie rzucają światło na nowe konfiguracje.
Coğrafi İşaretli Ürünlerin Sürdürülebilirlik Açısından Değerlendirilmesi: Samsun Örneği
Authors: KAYA Mutlu
Published: April 2023

Küreselleşen dünyada endüstriyel üretim gıda ürünlerini de etkilemiş, geleneksel yiyeceklerin yerini içeriği, hatta genetiği değiştirilmiş ürünler almıştır. Endüstriyel üretimle elde edilen yiyeceklerin lezzet kalitesinin düşük olması ve bunlara bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan hastalıklar tüketicilerin yerel ve doğal ürünlere yönelmesini sağlamıştır. Tüketicilerin yiyeceklerin kökenini ve üretim şeklini önemsemeye başlaması birçok ürün nereden geldiği ve nasıl üretildiği bilgilerinin yer aldığı marka ve etiketlerle pazarlanmaya başlamıştır. Bu durum ürünlerin tanınmasını ve katma değer kazanmasını sağlarken geleneksel bilginin ve ürün kalitesinin korunmasını gerekli hale getirmiştir. Bir coğrafi yöreye özgü olan ve o yöredeki ekolojik ve beşeri özellikler nedeniyle benzerlerinden farklılaşmış ürünlerin üretim standardının korunması ve sürdürülebilirliği için en önemli koruma yöntemlerinden biri coğrafi işaretlerdir. Bu çalışmada Samsun ili örneğinde coğrafi işaretli gıda ürünlerinin sürdürülebilir bir bakış açısıyla üretim ve pazarlama aşamalarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada yer alan veriler yüz yüze yapılan görüşmeler, doküman analizleri ve saha çalışmaları ile toplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak Samsun’da coğrafi işaret tescili ile ürünlerin tanınması ve satışının artması aynı oranda kırsal bağın azalmasına neden olmuştur. Üretilen coğrafi işaretli ürünlerin tescil, üretim ve pazarlama aşamalarında sürdürülebilir bir yaklaşım benimsenmediği tespit edilmiştir.