bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perbedaan pH Saliva Setelah Mengonsumsi Susu Sapi Murni dan Susu Sapi Bubuk
Authors: Seralurin Iriana T. , Wowor Vonny N.S. , Ticoalu Shane H.R.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Saliva is a complex oral fluid consisting of a mixture of secretion of the major and minor salivary glands in the oral mucosa with a normal pH of 5.6-7.0. There are several factors that can cause changes in the salivary pH, as follows: average saliva flow rate, oral microorganisms, salivary buffer capacity, and food and beverages oftenly consumed inter alia milk. Milk contains a lot of nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, minerals, and vitamins. This study was aimed to determine the difference of salivary pH after consuming pure cow milk and powdered cow milk, and to obtain the salivary pH after consuming pure cow milk or powdered cow milk. This was an experimental study using pretest-posttest study design. There were 38 respondents. Each respondent consumed pure cow milk or powdered cow milk. Decreased salivary pH was more dominant in respondents who consumed powdered cow milk. The Mann-Whitney test showed that there was a difference of salivary pH between after consuming pure cow milk and powdered cow milk (P=0.000). Conclusion: There was a significant difference in salivary pH between after consuming pure cow milk and powdered cow milk. Salivary pH showed bigger dicrease after consuming powdered cow milk than consuming pure cow milk.Keywords: salivary pH, pure cow milk, powdered cow milk Abstrak: Saliva merupakan cairan rongga mulut yang kompleks, terdiri atas campuran sekresi kelenjar saliva mayor dan minor yang terdapat dalam mukosa mulut dengan pH saliva berkisar 5,6-7,0. Beberapa faktor yang menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan pada pH saliva antara lain rerata kecepatan aliran saliva, mikroorganisme rongga mulut, kapasitas bufer saliva, serta makanan dan minuman yang sering di konsumsi; salah satunya ialah susu. Susu mengandung banyak zat-zat makanan seperti karbohidrat, protein, mineral, dan vitamin. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pH saliva setelah mengonsumsi susu sapi murni dan susu sapi bubuk, dan untuk mengetahui pH saliva setelah mengonsumsi susu sapi murni dan susu sapi bubuk. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental dengan pretest-posttest study design. Terdapat total 38 responden penelitian. Setiap responden mengonsumsi susu sapi murni atau susu sapi bubuk sebanyak 250ml. Pengukuran pH saliva dilakukan pada menit ke-5 setelah mengonsumsi susu sapi murni atau susu sapi bubuk. Uji Mann-Whitney menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan pH saliva setelah mengonsumsi susu sapi murni dan susu sapi bubuk (P=0,000). Penurunan pH saliva terbanyak terdapat pada responden yang meminum susu sapi bubuk. Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara pH saliva setelah mengonsumsi susu sapi murni dan susu sapi bubuk. Penurunan pH saliva setelah mengonsumsi susu sapi bubuk lebih besar dibandingkan setelah mengonsumsi susu sapi murni.Kata kunci: pH saliva, susu sapi murni, susu sapi bubuk
Xerostomia pada Usia Lanjut di Kelurahan Malalayang Satu Timur
Authors: Tawas Stevany A.D. , Mintjelungan Christy N. , Pangemanan Damajanty H.C.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Generally, in elderly there is a change in saliva composition due to the decreased production of saliva which leads to dry mouth or xersotomia. Clinically, a patient with dry mouth will feel dry on his/her lips and the mouth corners become irritated. This study was aimed to obtain the profile of xerostomia in the elderly at Kelurahan Malalayang Satu Timur. This was a descriptive study using a cross sectional design. This study was conducted in Kelurahan Malalayang Satu Timur. Samples of this study were obtained by using total sampling method. The study was performed on 35 peoples aged 60 to 75 years (according to WHO standard) as subjects. Salivary flow rate was measured with a measuring cup. The results showed that xerostomia was found in 87.5% of the subjects, more dominant in females (96.7%), and more frequent in the age group 65-69 years (66.7%). Conclusion: At Kelurahan Malalayang Satu Timur, xerostomia was more common in female elderly and age group 65-69 yearsKeywords: xerostomia, elderly Abstrak: Umumnya seseorang yang sudah memasuki usia lanjut akan mengalami perubahan dalam komposisi saliva akibat produksi saliva berkurang yang bermanifestasi sebagai xerostomia. Secara klinis pasien dengan xerostomia akan merasa kering pada bibir dan bagian sudut mulut mengalami iritasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran xerostomia pada kelompok usia lanjut di Kelurahan Malalayang Satu Timur. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode total sampling. Penelitian dilakukan di Kelurahan Malalayang Satu Timur. Terdapat 35 subyek usia lanjut dengan usia 60-75 tahun (menurut standar WHO). Pengukuran laju aliran saliva dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode spitting. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa xerostomia ditemukan pada 85,7% dari subyek. Jenis kelamin perempuan lebih dominan (96,7%) dan tersering pada rentang usia 65-69 tahun (66,7%). Simpulan: Pada kelompok usia lanjut di Kelurahan Malalayang Satu Timur xerostomia lebih sering terjadi pada yang berjenis kelamin perempuan dan usia 65-69 tahun.Kata kunci: xerostomia, usia lanjut
Nilai pH Saliva pada Buruh Perokok di Pelabuhan Bitung
Authors: Syukri Dwi M. , Suling Pieter L. , Mintjelungan Christy N.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Saliva is a complex fluid composed of a mixture of major and minor salivary glands in the oral cavity. The role of saliva is as a protective base between the lining of the oral cavity and toxins. Smoking can affect the physiological function of saliva because smoking destroys molecules in saliva that are useful in protecting the oral cavity, therefore, lack of sensitivity and changes in the sense receptor of taste occur. Saliva acidity setting includes protein, bicarbonate, and phosphate systems. This study was aimed to determine the salivary pH of the habitual smokers among the laborers at Bitung Port. This was an observational descriptive study using a cross sectional design. Respondents were 30 laborers (males and females) who were habitual smokers, aged 18-45 years old obtained by using purposive sampling technique. The results showed that 13 respondents (43.3%) had normal salivary pH (pH 6.4-7) and 17 respondents (56.7%) had basic salivary pH (pH >7). The average pH of all respondents was 7.18. Conclusion: Laborers who were habitual smokers at Bitung port had normal or basic salivary pH.Keywords: salivary pH, laborers, habitual smokers Abstrak: Saliva merupakan cairan mulut yang kompleks terdiri dari campuran sekresi kelenjar saliva mayor dan minor di dalam rongga mulut dan berperan sebagai pelindung basa antara lapisan mulut dan toksin. Saliva memiliki kemampuan dalam pengaturan derajat keasaman yang berperan penting dalam menjaga nilai pH di lingkungan mulut seseorang. Merokok dapat memengaruhi fisiologi saliva karena merokok dapat menghancurkan molekul dalam saliva yang berguna dalam melindungi rongga mulut sehingga akan menyebabkan kurangnya sensitivitas dan perubahan reseptor dari indra perasa. Pengaturan keasaman saliva meliputi sistem protein, bikarbonat, dan fosfat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pH saliva pada buruh perokok di pelabuhan Bitung. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif observasional dengan menggunakan desain potong lintang. Subjek penelitian ini ialah buruh perokok di pelabuhan Bitung dengan jenis kelamin laki-laki dan perempuan berusia 18-45 tahun. Terdapat 30 responden yang diperoleh dengan mengunakan teknik purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa 13 responden (43,3%) dengan pH saliva normal (pH berkisar 6,4-7), dan 17 responden (56,7%) dengan pH basa (pH >7). Nilai rerata pH responden sebesar 7,18. Simpulan: Buruh perokok di pelabuhan Bitung memiliki pH saliva normal atau basa.Kata kunci: pH saliva, buruh, perokok
Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Infeksi Silang pada Tindakan Ekstraksi Gigi di Poli Gigi Puskesmas Kakaskasen Tomohon
Authors: Lumunon Novita P. , Wowor Vonny N. S. , Pangemanan Damajanty H. C.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Prevention and control of infection are needed in dentistry treatment. Tooth extraction is an invasive treatment, therefore, it plays an important role in the transmission of infection. This study was aimed to determine the prevention and control of cross infection in dental extractions at the Dental Clinic of Kakaskasen Tomohon Health Center. This was a descriptive observational study with a cross sectional design. There were 40 patients as subjects, obtained by using purposive sampling method. Data were obtained by using the checklist sheet. The results showed that the prevention of cross infection before tooth extraction achieved 56,87%; during tooth extractions 78%; and after tooth extraction 66,7%. In general, the prevention and control of cross-infection in dental extractions at the health center achieved 67.19%. Conclusion: The prevention and control of cross infection in dental extractions at the Dental Clinic of Kakaskasen Tomohon Health Center was still below maximum level.Keywords: prevention and control of cross-infection, tooth extraction action Abstrak: Pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi dibutuhkan dalam setiap tindakan perawatan di bidang kedokteran gigi. Tindakan ekstraksi gigi merupakan salah satu jenis tindakan invasif sehingga berisiko tinggi dalam penularan infeksi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi silang pada tindakan ekstraksi gigi di Poliklinik Gigi Puskesmas Kakaskasen Tomohon. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif observasional dengan menggunakan desain potong lintang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Terdapat 40 pasien sebagai subyek penelitian. Data diperoleh dengan menggunakan lembar checklist. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan bahwa tindakan pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi silang sebelum ekstraksi gigi dilakukan sebesar 56,87%; selama ekstraksi gigi sebesar 78%; dan setelah ekstraksi gigi sebesar 66,7%. Tindakan pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi silang secara umum sebesar 67,19%. Simpulan: Pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi silang pada tindakan ekstraksi gigi baik sebelum, selama, dan sesudah tindakan di Poliklinik Gigi Puskesmas Kakaskasen Tomohon belum maksimal.Kata kunci: Pencegahan dan pengendalian infeksi silang, tindakan ekstraksi gigi
ANALISIS KEUNTUNGAN INTEGRASI USAHA TERNAK BABI DENGAN IKAN MUJAIR DI KECAMATAN SONDER KABUPATEN MINAHASA
Authors: Abraham Dalton R. , Manese M. A. V. , Sondakh L. W. , Santa Nansi M.
Published: July 2019

Kecamatan Sonder merupakan salah satu kecamatan yang ada di Kabupaten Minahasa dengan luas wilayah 5.672,2 ha. Umumnya masyarakat di Kecamatan Sonder berprofesi sebagai petani/peternak. Populasi ternak babi di Kecamatan Sonder sebesar 5.963 ekor yang tersebar di 10 desa. Masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana peternak mengelola usaha ternak babi yang diintegrasikan dengan ikan mujair dan berapa keuntungan usaha ternak babi tersebut. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Sonder pada 2 desa yaitu desa Talikuran dan desa Kauneran dari tanggal 16 Oktober sampai 20 November 2012 dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 30 orang. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode survei. Metode penentuan sampel ditentukan secara sengaja dengan pertimbangan memiliki populasi ternak babi terbanyak. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keuntungan integrasi usaha ternak babi dengan ikan mujair sebesar Rp 198.188.000/periode produksi dengan rata-rata Rp 6.606.267/responden.Kata Kunci:Integrasi, Usaha Ternak Babi, Ikan Mujair ABSTRACTPROVITABILITY ANALISYS OF INTEGRATED FARMING BETWEENPIG AND MUJAIR FISH ON SONDER SUB-DISTRICTMINAHASA REGENCY. Sonder sub district was located in Minahasa regency with the region area up 5.672,2 ha. The peoples in this area used to cultivate their land or raise livestock as common activity. There was 5.963 heads of pig spread over ten vellages. The aim of this research were to find out the method performed by farmers in combining pig and mujair fish as intergrated farming and its provitability. Research was conducted in two vellages consist of Talikuran and Kauneran. Data collection was focused on 30 farmers as respondents. The research area was chosen by purpossive random sampling methode because it had most pig population in amount. The result of the study indicated that integrated farming system between pig and mujair fish was profitable because farmers gained net in come Rp 198.188.000/periode and Rp 6.606.267/respondent in averages. Keywords: Integrated, Pig Farming, Mujair Fish
ANALISIS POTENSI SUMBERDAYA ALAM, TENAGA KERJA, PERTANIAN DAN PERKEBUNAN TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN PETERNAKAN SAPI POTONG DI KECAMATAN ERIS KABUPATEN MINAHASA
Authors: Kodoati Gabriella , Waleleng Poulla O.V , Lainawa J , Mokoagouw D R
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT POTENTIAL ANALYSIS OF NATURE RESOURCES, LABORS, AGRICULTURE AND PLANTATION ON BEEF DEVELOPMENT AT ERIS DICTRICT, MINAHASA REGENCY. Beef population at Eris district of Minahasa regency was decreasing. On the other hand, the areas of Eris district have the potential support in terms of nature resource availability, local labors, agriculture and plantation. The problems were that those supporting factors for beef development had not been evaluated at each village at Eris district. The objective of this study was to identify supporting factors for beef development and to define basis village at Eris district for beef farm development. Survey method was applied for data collection. Results showed that Eris district had productive labor resources with the average age of 44 years old, although the average education level of elementary school. Big geographical potential aspects of agriculture and plantation around Eris district were low land and mountain land. The calculation of Location Quation (LQ) found five villages for beef development having LQ of more than 1.0, including Telap village (2.545), Tandengan I village (1.636), Maumbi village (1.512), Watumea village (1.091), and Eris village (1.091). Three villages at Eris district had no potency for beef development with LQ values of less than 1.0, including Tandengan village (0.364), Ranomerut village (0.909), and Toliang Oki village (0.182). Therefore, it can be concluded that Eris district had potency for beef development supported by the availabilities of nature resources, labor (household farmers) and agriculture as well as plantation areas spreading on five basis villages of Telap village, Tandengan I village, Maumbi village, Watumea village, and Eris village. Key words: Nature resource, Labor resource, Agriculture, Plantation, LQ, Eris Minahasa.
KONTRIBUSI TERNAK SAPI SEBAGAI ALAT TRANSPORTASI OLEH PETANI KEBUN KELAPA DI KECAMATAN JAILOLO KABUPATEN HALMAHERA BARAT
Authors: Panawa Albert , Lainawa J , Lenzun G D , Elly F H
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT CONTRIBUTION OF CATTLE AS THE TRANSPORTATION INSTRUMENT OF FARMERS ON COCONUT PLANTATION AT JAILOLO DISTRICT, WEST HALMAHERA REGENCY. Total of cattle at Jailolo district in year of 2013 were 3,410 heads and bred traditionally by household farmers. Cattle at Jailolo district were used by household farmer as transportation instrument around plantation areas. The problem was that cattle contribution on farmer income as transportation instrument had not been evaluated. The objective of this study was to evaluate cattle contribution on farmer income as transportation instrument in coconut plantation. Research was done using survey method. Data were found from household farmers and found from related offices. Samples of villages were taken using purposive sampling. Household farmers were defined using simple random sampling involving 30 samples. Results showed that cattle as transportation instrument contributed work time period of 1,284 hours per period of plantation including coconut, banana and nutmeg production. Transportation instrument involving cattle contributed household income of Rp. 23,095,000 or 8,21 percents of the total household income per production period of coconut plantation.  Key words: Transportation instrument, Cattle, Household farmers, Income contribution, Jailolo district, West Halmahera Regency.
PENGARUH LAMA FERMENTASI DAUN PISANG DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP EFISIENSI PENGGUNAAN PAKAN AYAM BROILER
Authors: Liwe Hengkie , Bagau B. , Imbar M R.
Published: July 2019

FERMENTATION PERIOD EFFECT OF BANANA LEAF IN RATION ON BROILER FEED EFFICIENCY. This study was done to evaluate the fermentation period effect of banana leaf in ration on broiler feed efficiency. Animals used in this study were sixty broilers (Hubbard strain) at the age of three week old. Research was conducted using completely randomized design involving four treatments with five replications in each treatment. Treatments used were as follows: Ration containing banana leaf without fermentation (R0), Ration containing banana leaf fermented at five days (R1), Ration containing banana leaf fermented at ten days (R2), and Ration containing banana leaf fermented at fifteen days (R3). Data were analyzed by variance analysis. Significantly difference treatment effects on variable measures were tested using honestly significant difference (HSD). Variables measured were feed consumption, average daily gain, and feed efficiency. Results showed that that treatments had significantly difference (P<0,01) on feed consumption, average daily gain and feed efficiency. It can be concluded that ration containing banana leaf fermented at ten days produce the best feed efficiency of broilers. Keyword : Fermented banana leaf, feed efficiency, broiler
PENETAPAN ELEMEN KUNCI PENGEMBANGAN AGROINDUSTRI PETERNAKAN DENGAN INTERPRETATIVE STRUCTURAL MODELING (ISM)
Authors: Mirah Arie Dharmaputra
Published: July 2019

Although the livestock sub-sector contributes significantly to the economic growth of North Sulawesi, but to date not include leading commodity in the agro-industry development. The problems to be studied in livestock development efforts is the absence of the establishment / implementation of appropriate strategies to be able to maximize the potentials that exist that allow livestock into a competitive industry. The study was conducted through the following steps: - Conducting searches of information sources that can give an idea of ​​the limitations, the principal research, development and problems in the sub-sector prternakan, regional understanding, understanding strategic management, then set formulations for the purpose of research towards implementation. - Conducting a survey of experts to examine and define the elements / sub-elements associated with the development strategy of the farm estate sector agro-industry. - Designing systems structuring with a review / determination of the development of key elements, with Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM). Based on the results of expert assessments set by 4 elements and 12 sub-elements that have a strong interaction with the development of animal husbandry in North Sulawesi. Into elements have analyzed the level of interaction with the ISM-VAXO technique. The first stage is to study contextual relationships in matrix form SSIM-VAXO. This method has been able to classify all of elements into four quadrants based on the value Drive Power and DependenceI and in a hierarchical structure based on rank and level, which then informs the development of animal husbandry sub key elements namely: Provision of sub-elements of human resources with knowledge and skills appropriate breeding (7) and sub-elements Improved managerial skills training programs (8). Keywords: livestock, strategy, ISM
DESKRIPSI TINGKAH LAKU TANGKASI ( Tarsius Spectrum ) SAAT MEMASUKI DI LUBANG SARANG POHON DI CAGAR ALAM TANGKOKO
Authors: Urulamo Jemi , Kiroh H. J. , Hendrik Manopo , Buyung J. R.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT DESCRIPTION OF TANGKASI BEHAVIOR (Tarsius Spectrum) WHEN ENTERING THE   HOLE NEST TREE IN TANGKOKO NATURE RESERVE. Tarsier in Tangkoko Nature Reserve Batuangus many inhabit cavities in trees or root piles. Tarsier nest is a place that is safe from predators. This study aims to obtain data regarding some behavior that appears when Tarsier Tarsius activity around the nest tree at Tangkoko Nature Reserve. To determine the percentage of respective behavior that tarsiers in the show in the morning, afternoon and evening. The variables measured were some behaviors that arise between them. Grooming behavior, resting behavior, seeking shelter behavior, play behavior, data were analyzed and presented in a descriptive, which describes and explains the general description of the results of direct observations, the results showed that more Tangkasi doing grooming on morning with a percentage of 37.15%. during the day with a percentage of 31.19% early evening with a percentage of 31.19%. Tangkasi resting behavior is most prevalent during the day ie 38.70%. At night with a percentage of 32.25%, in the afternoon with 29.03% percentage. Sheltering behavior more activity in the morning with a percentage of 38.07% and the time of day with the percentage of 33.02%. While in the afternoon with a percentage of 28.89% behavior played almost evenly in each time. On the morning after finished foraging Tangkasi playing with percentage of 30, 18%, and the percentage of time during the day with 32.88% and a maximum in the late afternoon with a percentage of 37.38%. Keywords: Behavior Tangkasi (Tarsius spectrum)
SEXING BERDASARKAN MORFOLOGI BURUNG PUYUH (Coturnix coturnix japonica)
Authors: Tumbilung Winda , Lambey L. , Pudjihastuti E. , Tangkere E.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   JAPANESE QUAIL (Coturnix coturnix japonica) SEXING BASED ON MORPHOLOGY. The purpose of this research was to determine the success of sexing if done earlier. This research was conducted in the cages of a quail farm from April 1st 2014 until May 18th 2014. The materials used were 110  male and female day old quails for the first repetition and 100 male and female day old quails for the second repetition, commercial feed CP 11, vitastress. The equipments used in this research were 60 watt light bulb, brooder, digital scale, and a digital camera.The observation was conducted from the first day when the quails just hatched until the quails were 3 weeks of age. The data were analayzed in a descriptive way. The results showed that sexing morphologically can be done in day one with a success rate of 92,72%. Keywords : Quails, sexing, morphology
KECERNAAN ENERGI, PROTEIN, DAN MINERAL KALSIUM DAN FOSFOR KUDA PACU MINAHASA YANG DIBERI PAKAN LOKAL DAN IMPOR
Authors: Mende Inggrit Shinta , Tulung Y. L.R. , Umboh J. F. , Kaunang W. B.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT ENERGY, PROTEIN, AND MINERAL CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS DIGESTIBILITY OF RACE HORSES CONSUMED LOCAL AND IMPORTED FEEDSTUFFS. An experiment was conducted to determine the ability of race horse in digesting either local or imported feedstuffs used mostly by race horse owner in Minahasa. The digestibility of nutrients is a determinant factor in feedstuffs or diet quality consumed by horses.  Therefore, a study on determining the digestibility of feedstuffs is really needed because the rate of digestibility can be used as an indicator of how much nutrients in feedstuffs can be digested in the gastrointestinal tract. The present study was conducted using survey method.  Data was collected using interview and direct observation on the race horses farmer’s location. Data collected was: type and amount of diets (forage and concentrate) given to the horses, and amount of faeces (g.head-1.day-1), and 30 samples, 15 horses each using local feedstuffs, and 15 samples (horses) using imported feedstuffs. Data was statistically analyzed using t test. Research results showed that energy, protein, calcium, and phosphorus digestibility of imported feedstuffs significantly higher (P < 0,05) than local feedstuffs. It can be concluded that digestibility of imported feedstuffs is still better than local feedstuffs. Keywords: Digestibility, Energy, Protein, Calcium (Ca), Phosphorus (P), Race Horses, Imported Feedstuffs, Local Feedstuffs.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN BEBERAPA JENIS FILLER TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK CHICKEN NUGGET AYAM PETELUR AFKIR
Authors: Komansilan Sylvia
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT THE INFLUENCE OF THE USE OF VARIOUS FILLERS TOWARDS THE PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS  OFCHICKEN NUGGET. The objectives in this research is to observe and study the fillers that vary in producing the formulation of chicken nugget which were received by the consumers observed from the physical. This research was conducted at the Laboratory of Animal Science Sam Ratulangi University Manado, The Laboratory of Nutrient College Manado and The Laboratory of Agliculture Sam Ratulangi University Manado. The material used in this research was meat and fat of non-productive layer (culled) as much as 6400 gram, devided into 16 samples, each sample weighed 100 gram fat and 300 gram meat. The research was carried out through an experient, a completely randomized design with four replications . The fillers Used in this treatment are; T1 (Sago), T2 (Tapioka) T3 (Maizena), T4 (Glutten Rice). The Quality  ofchicken nugget according to the parameter ini this research was as follows; the phsycal characteristic (Water Holding Capasity, Tenderness and cooking loss). From the result of this research it was concluded that the filler which used tapioca (T2) and Sago (T1), had produced chicken nugget which was much better, compared to the use of maizena (T3), glutten rice flour (T4), and generally accepted by the consumers, supported by their characteristics. Keyword: Influence, Filler, Chicken Nugget, Laboratory
PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN TEPUNG TOMAT (Solanum lycopersicum l) TERHADAP KUALITIAS INTERNAL TELUR AYAM RAS
Authors: Timbuleng Vrilly E. , Laihad Jacqueline T. , Leke Jein R. , Rimbing Siane C
Published: July 2019

EFFECT OF TOMATOES STARCH (Solanum lycopersicum l) ON INTERNAL EGG QUALITY OF LAYING CHICKEN. This research has been done to determine the effect of tomatoes starch on the internal egg quality of laying chicken. The material used in this study was a 100 laying hens aged 36 weeks with the following treatments P0: basal ration without tomatoes startch; P1: 98% of basal ration + 2% of tomatoes starch: P2; 96% of basal ration + 4% tomatoes starch; P3: 94% of basal ration + 6% of tomatoes starch; P4: 92% of basal ration + 8% of tomatoes starch. Research design used was the completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatment and 5 replications. Duncan's multiple range test was used for further test. Variables were observed during the study include egg yolk index, yolk color, and Haugh unit (HU). The results showed that the addition of tomatoes in the diet has no significant effect (P> 0.05) on egg yolk index and haugh units (HU), but highly significant effect (P <0,01) against the color of egg yolks. Based on the research results obtained, it can be concluded that the addition of tomatoes starch in ration as much as 8% will provide a good response to the effect of egg yolk index, Haug units (HU), and yellow egg of laying chicken. Keywords :Laying Chicken, Internal Egg Quality, Tomatoes Starch.
ANALISIS KEUNTUNGAN USAHA PUPUK ORGANIK DI PERUSAHAN CV. ARGONIAGA MANDIRI KECAMATAN BINTAUNA
Authors: Lantapa Rivaldi , Manese M. A.V , Wantasen E. , Oroh F. N.S
Published: July 2019

PROFIT ANALYSIS OF ORGANIC FERTILIZER BUSINESS IN CV AGRONIAGA MANDIRI SUB-DISTRICT BINTAUNA. The purpose of this study was to determine the company profits per year. This research was done at CV Agroniaga Mandiri as the only company that produces organic fertilizer in the Bintauna Sub-district, North Bolaang Mongondow Regency.  Data collected consist of primary data and secondary data. The primary data were collected by interview with questions list or quetionnaire, while secondary data were obtained from government  agency that related with this research such as Department of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry of North Bolaang Mongondow. Data were analyzed with profit function method. The results showed that the total cost of production, revenue and profit of organic fertilizer business that obtained by CV Agroniaga Mandiri sequentially Rp. 259, 294,100 / year, Rp.405,000,000/year and Rp.145,705,900/year. Key words: Profit, organic fertilizer
PENGARUH LAMA PERENDAMAN MENGGUNAKAN CUKA SAGUER TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KUALITAS FISIK DAGING ENTOK (Chairina moschata)
Authors: Jengel Erlita N. , Sondakh E. H.B. , Ratulangi F. S. , Palar C. K.M.
Published: July 2019

THE EFFECT OF MARINATING TIME USING CUKA SAGUER ON PHYSICAL QUALITY INCREASING OF ENTOK MEAT (Chairina Moschata). This study aims to determine of physical quality of entok meat after marinating with cuka saguer. Cuka saguer using to soak meat in this research was obtained from fermentated yield of fluid from enau tree. The marinated meat in this research was entok meat. This experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design consisted of five treatments as followed R0 entok meat was without marinated , R1 entok meat was marinated for 20 minutes, R2 entok meat was marinated for 40 minutes, R3 entok meat was marinated for 60 minutes, R4 entok meat was marinated for 80 minutes and each treatment was conducted four times replication. If occur significant in analysis of variance so the average comparing was followed by DMRT test. The result showed The marinated entok meat using cuka saguer was significantly on pH and water holding capacity (WHC), while texture of meat no significant. In conclusion, the soaking time for 20 minutes with cuka saguer can be used to soak entok meat because able to maintain texture of meat and to increase WHC at the condition of pH normal.   Keywords: entok meat, cuka saguer, physical quality of meat
PENGARUH PENDAPATAN TERHADAP KONSUMSI DAGING BABI DI KECAMATAN WANEA KELURAHAN RANOTANA WERU
Authors: Keintjem Ridel . , Oley F. S. , Lensun G. D. , Pandey J
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT INCOME EFFECT ON CONSUMPTION OF PORK IN WANEA DISTRCT RANOTANA WERU VILLAGE This study aims to determine the effect of family income to the consumption of pork and substitutes, in Wanea district, Ranotana Weru village. The survey method used to obtain secondary data and primary data. Samples were obtained by purposive sampling, and to get answers from the purpose of this study, the formula of multiple regression analysis is used: C = b0 + b1 x1 + b2 x2 + b3 x3, and obtained the analysis of the influence of family income on the consumption of pork in Ranotana Weru village as the following: C = 59.44 + 1.38 (x1) + 0,018 (x2) + 4.97 (x3) R2 = 0.95. From the results of the equation, the value of the intercept of 59.44 indicates that no change in the price of pork, the price of substitutes and without changes in income, then the people in Ranotana Weru village keep eating pork amounted to 59.44 grams (per person?). See the regression coefficient value of the price of pork of 1.38, meaning in any increase in the price of pork Rp 1.000, the consumption of pork decreased by 1.38 grams (per person?),  Seethe price regression coefficient value of substitutes0.018, means any increase in the price of substitutes Rp 1.000, the substitution of consumption goods rose by 0,018 grams. See the earnings darai regression coefficient 4.97, meaning any increase in revenue to Rp 1.000, the consumption of pork will rise by 4.97 grams and R2 value of 0.95 indicates that variations in rise and fall of the consumption of pork and substitutes at 95 % influenced by factors family income and sisnya 5% influenced by other factors not included in the model equations. Family income significantly affect the consumption of pork and substitutes in the village ranotana Weru. This is evidenced by the results of the t test of 0.786 is smaller than Ttabel 2,000.   Keywords: Income, consumption of pork, substitutes
TINGKAH LAKU HARIAN KUSKUS BERUANG (Ailurops ursinus) DI CAGAR ALAM TANGKOKO BATU ANGUS
Authors: Talumepa Pratiwi A.A. , Wungow R. S. H. , Poli Z. , Rimbing S. C.
Published: July 2019

DAILY BEHAVIOUR OF SULAWESI BEAR CUSCUS (Ailurops ursinus) IN TANGKOKO BATU ANGUS NATURE RESERVE. This study aimed to describe dailly behaviour of Sulawesi Bear Cuscus (Ailurops ursinus) in Tangkoko Batu Angus Nature Reserve. This reseach is expected to provide information about inactive, foraging, intake, groom and social behavior of  Ailurops ursinus as primary behavior variables of the animal daily activities. The usie of vegetation during animal daily activities were introducted in this research as a secondary variable. This research used obsevation as research  method and instantinous animal sampling technique. This method observed Ailurops ursinus behavior three times per day . Each single observe was done in 60 minutes with 60 seconds time interval. Every single observe was replicated 14 times. The result of this research showed that the daily behaviour of Ailurops ursinus was dominated by inactive behaviour with 56.86 percents consisted of 30.5 minutes were spent in the morning, 42.6 minutes at noon and 29.2 minutes in the afternoon. Intake behaviour took times of 26.98 percents consisted of 17.2 minutes were spent in the morning, 8 minutes at noon and 23.3 minutes in the afternoon. The foraging behaviour took times of 15.11 percents consisted of 11.7 minutes were spent in the morning, 8.7 minutes at noon and 6.6 minutes in the afternoon. Groom activity spent times of 0.98% consisted of 0.5 minutes spent  in the morning, 0.5 minutes at noon and 0.7 minutes in the afternoon. Social behaviour took spent time of  0.03% of total daily behaviour spent only at noon.   Keywords : Daily behaviour, Sulawesi Bear Cuscus (Ailurops ursinus), Tangkoko Batu Angus Nature Reserve
PENGGUNAAN TEPUNG LIMBAH LABU KUNING DALAM RANSUM TERHADAP PENAMPILAN PRODUKSI AYAM RAS PETELUR
Authors: Komalig Devis F. , Leke Jein Rinny , Laihat J. , Sarajar C.
Published: July 2019

THE EFFECT OF PUMPKIN WASTE MEAL IN LAYING HEN FEED ON PERFORMANS PRODUCTION. This research was to find out the use of pumpkin waste meal on performance in the production of laying hens. The purpose of this research was to observe the effect of the use of pumpkin waste meal performance in the production of feed for laying hens. A total of 100 MB 402 laying hens from 42 week of age were randomly alloted to four dietary treatments with 5 replication groups of 4 hens. Dietary treatment were; basal diet (R0), basal diet 98% + 2% WCP (R1), basal diet 96% + 4% WCP (R2), basal diet 94% + 6% WCP (R3), basal diet 92% + 8% WCP (R4). The variable were the feed Consumption, hen day production, feed conversion. Data was analyzed with completely randomized Design ( CRD ). The addition of in the feed was not influenced significantly (P > 0,05) to the feed consumption, hen day production, feed conversion. Based on the research that is done it can be concluted that the use of waste carrot pumpkins in the feed at the level of 8% show no significantly different result on the feed consumption, hen day production, feed conversion.

Keyword : Pumpkin waste meal, performance laying hens, performance of production
PENGAMATAN POTENSI REPRODUKSI KAMBING BETINA YANG DI PELIHARA SECARA TRADISIONAL DI DAERAH PESISIR KECAMATAN TOMBARIRI KABUPATEN MINAHASA
Authors: Monintja F. J. , Hendrik M J , Pudjihastuti E , Ngangi L R
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT OBSERVATION OF DOE REPRODUCTIVE POTENTIAL RAISED TRADITIONALLY AROUND COASTAL AREAS OF TOMBARIRI DISTRICT MINAHASA REGENCY. Doe has reproductive potential that can be measure based on goatling healthy kids, kidding interval, kidding size and kidding type. Tombariri district is one of potencial areas in Minahasa Regency to develop goat farming. Goat farming development needs many information including reproductive potential of doe. In fact, the scientific information about this subject has not been available yet. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reproductive potential based on kidding interval, kidding size and kidding type of doe that were raised traditionally in District of Tombariri, Minahasa Regency. Samples of this research was took using purposive random sampling method. Data were collected by interview using quetionnaires to 40 farmers with total ownerships of 100 doe. Parameters of this study were kidding interval, kidding size and kidding type. The results shown that doe in Tombariri district had 243 days average of kidding interval. Kidding size range was 1.84-2.018 goatling per doe per year. Percentage of twin kids were above 80 percens per year. Based on those results, it can be concluded that the doe which were farmed traditionally around coastal area of Tombariri district, Minahasa Regency had the good reproductive potential.   Keywords : Doe, kidding interval, kidding size, twin kids,Tombariri district.
PENGARUH WARNA CAHAYA LAMPU TERHADAP PRODUKSI TELUR BURUNG PUYUH ( Coturnix coturnix japonica )
Authors: Sangi Jimmy , Saerang J. L.P , Nangoy F.J , Laihat J
Published: July 2019

EFFECT OF LIGHT BULB COLOR ON EGG PRODUCTION OF QUAILS  (Coturnix Coturnix japonica). The present study was conducted to determine the effect of different color of light bulbs on egg production of Quails (Coturnix Coturnix japonica).  The trial was conducted for seven weeks during the egg laying period. A Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications was used to as experimental design. Treatments were formulated using 5 different light bulb colors, as follow:  R0 = no color (transparent) light bulb, R1 = yellow color light bulb; R2 = green color light bulb, and R3 = red color light bulb. The variables measured were: feed consumption, egg production, and egg weight. Research results showed that treatment did not significantly (P > 0.05) affect daily feed consumption, egg production, and egg weight. It can be concluded that color differences (transparent, yellow, green, and red) in lighting can be used interchangeably in Quail egg production purposes.Keywords: Light bulb color, Quail, feed consumption, egg production, egg weight
PENAMPILAN PRODUKSI TERNAK BABI GROWER YANG MENGGUNAKAN TEPUNG KULIT KOPI SEBAGAI BAHAN PENGGANTI SEBAGIAN DEDAK HALUS PADA PAKAN
Authors: Timbulus Mardo C. , Montong Petrus R.R.I , Mirah Arie Dp. , Siswosubroto S.E.
Published: July 2019

GROWER PRODUCTION PERFORMANCE USE FLOUR COFFEE PULP AS SUBSTITUTION MATERIALS TO A PARTS OF FINE BRAN ON FEED. Various feed ingredients or waste that have not been utilized for example the skin of coffee fruit can be an alternative feed ingredient source of crude fiber see its content in the skin of the fruit coffee is 33.60%. North Sulawesi, especially Bolaang Mogondow, which is a center of coffee plantation, has a plantation area of 4,097.7 ha, with coffee production reaching 2,135.46 tons of raw material which has not been separated between coffee fruit with its leaves and stems. After the separated coffee fruit obtained as much as 1,288.22 tons per year. Coffee fruit is processed to separate between the seeds and skin after separated obtained by the skin of coffee fruit as much as 448,449 tons. The appearance of production by looking at weight gain, the amount of consumption and the efficiency of feed use is part of the requirement to see the production capability of pigs. The study was conducted for 66 days consisting of 52 days of data collection period and 2 weeks preliminary collecting data aims to determine the effect of coffee skin use as a substitute of some fine bran on the production performance of the grower pigs to the finisher. The study used 16 male and female pigs grower period aged 12-16 weeks descent kinds Yorkshire and Landrace. Randomized block design with four levels of treatment that is 0, 25%, 50%, 75% coffee pulp as a partial replacement of fine bran in 4 groups. Differences in body weight is a replication of the study. The result of analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the powder of coffee husk as substitute of bran to the weight gain gave real effect (P <0.05), the amount of feed consumption did not give real effect (P> 0.05) Feed gave a real effect. The result is the use of coffee leaf powder as a substitute of some fine bran in grower pigs until finisher can provide good growth and efficient use of good feed.Keywords: Phase grower, finisher, flour coffee skin
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI NILAI TAMBAH USAHA TERNAK SAPI DI DESA TUMARATAS KECAMATAN LANGOWAN BARAT
Authors: . Erwin Wantasen , . Umar Paputungan
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT FACTORS INFLUENCING VALUE ADDED OF CATTLE BUSINESS AT TUMARATAS VILLAGE  DISTRICT OF LANGOWAN BARAT.The objective of this research was to know value added and factors influencing  value added on cattle business at Tumaratas Village district of Langowan Barat, Minahasa Regency. Primary data  were collected from 100 samples of households  by using questionnaire. Respondents were  purposively selected by considering farmers at least has one cattle  and ever sold it out. .  Data were analyzed by using descriptive and quantitative analysis by using multiple regression model. Study results indicated that the more cattle owned by household the more value added of cattle achieved. The average of value added per animal unit was IDR 4,434,543/years. Partially factors of inseminator cost, cost of natural mating and household labor on cattle business had positive affect on value added of cattle while household labor on food crops business had negative impact on value added of cattle.Key words: Value added, inseminator cost, natural mating cost, household labor
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN TAHU SEBAGAI EXTENDER TERHADAP SIFAT ORGANOLEPTIK SOSIS AYAM
Authors: Ningsi Sakina , Rompis John E. G. , Sondakh E.H.B. , Lontaan Nova
Published: July 2019

THE USE OF TOFU AS EXTENDER ON ORGANOLEPTIC CHARACTERISTIC OF CHICKEN SAUSAGE. This study was conducted to know about the use of tofu as an extender to sausage product of broiler on the organoleptic characteristics. The material used in this study were broiler meat (breast chicken), tofu and the ingredients for sausage making. Five treatments tested in this research consisted of T0 500 g of meat without tofu, T1 475 g of meat and tofu 25 g, T2 450 g of meat and tofu 50 g, T3 425 g of meat and tofu 75 g, T4 100 g of meat and tofu 100 g. This research used complete randomized design and was tested by 35 of panelist to determine organoleptic data of sausage product.  The data measured in this research used hedonic scale. The variable measured consisted of color, flavor, texture, taste of sausages. Determination of the difference of average was done by BNJ test. The result showed that the treatment was significant effect on color, flavor, texture, taste of sausage. The conclusion of this study based on organoleptic characteristics, The use of 25 g tofu as extender ingredient to 475 g of meat can be used on making chicken sausage.Keywords: Sausages, Chicken, Tofu, Organoletic
PEMANFAATAN TEPUNG MANURE HASIL DEGRADASI LARVA LALAT HITAM (Hermetia illucens L.) TERHADAP BERAT TELUR, BERAT KUNING TELUR DAN MASSA TELUR AYAM KAMPUNG
Authors: Tumiran Wahyu , Sarajar C. L. K. , Nangoy F. J. , Laihad J. T.
Published: July 2019

UTILIZATION OF MANURE DEGRADATED FLOUR BY BLACK FLIES (Hermetia illucens L) ON EGG WEIGHT, EGG YELLOW YOLK AND EGG MASS OF NATIVE CHICKEN. Native Chicken has been maintained by farmers as an effort to utilize the yard, to fulfill the family nutrition and to increase income. One of the functions of laying chicken is as an egg producer. Chicken eggs are often consumed and loved by the people of Indonesia. The quality of chicken eggs needs to be improved by providing balanced feed and nutrition. Manure Flour degradated by larva of H. illucens is one of alternative feed as a source of protein. MHD flour contains 51.15% protein. For this reasons, Because it can meet the needs of poultry. This will have a positive impact if the utilization of manure degradated by black flies larvae can be used as the substitution of some concentrates. Forty native chickens females aged 56 weeks had been used. Baterry system cages of 50x50x75 cm with an eat and drink. A randomized complete design (RAL) with 4 treatment and 5 replications was used as design methods. Treatmens was the following level of manure flour degradated by black flies larvae: R0 = 0% flour MHD: R1 = 5% flour MHD: R2 = 10% flour MHD: R3 = 15% flour MHD. Variables measured were egg weight, egg yolk weight and egg mass. The results showed that the there was no significant difference (P> 0,05) between treatmentsand egg weight, yolk weight and egg mass. Based on the result of data analysis and discussion, it can be concluded that the utilization of manure flour degradated by black flies larvae up to 15% will not give different results in egg weight, egg yolk and egg mass.Keywords: Manure, Larva, Egg.
PENGARUH LEVEL PUPUK BOKASHI KOTORAN AYAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN LAMTORO (Leucaena leucocephala)
Authors: Tendean Marsela , Kaligis D. A. , . Rustandi , Kaunang W.B.
Published: July 2019

THE EFFECT OF CHICKEN MANURE BOKASHI LEVEL ON GROWTH OF LAMTORO (Leucaena leucocephala). The aim of this experiment was to study the effect  of organic fertilizer Bokashi from chicken manure on performance of Leucaena leucocephala in term of tall of plant, number of compound leaves and number of leaflets. Treatment consisted of four level of bokashi as follows B1 = 0 gram,  B2 = 200 gram, B3 = 400 gram and  B4 = 800 gram bokashi/ polybag.  Design has been used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 7 replications.  Analysis of variance showed that  level of bokashi at 400 and 800 gram / polybag gave a significant difference (P<0,05) better than others levels in term of tall of plant, number of compound leaves and number of leaflets. Tuckey Simultaneous Test showed that both treatments gave the significant different (P<0,05) higher than others levels. Based on these results it can be concluded that application of 400 gram/polybag  organic fertilizer bokashi chicken manure enough to produce good performance of Lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala) in term of tall of plant, number of compound leaves  and number of leaflets. Keywords: Bokashi, leucaena, growth, chicken manure.
PENGARUH LEVEL BOKASHI KOTORAN AYAM TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN VEGETATIF SORGUM BROWN MIDRIB (BMR) PADA KONDISI TERNAUNG
Authors: Rawung Claudia F. , Anis S.D , . Rustandi , Kaunang W.B.
Published: July 2019

THE INFLUENCE CHICKEN MANURE BOKASHI ON VEGETATIVE GROWTH OF BROWN MIDRIB SORGHUM (BMR) UNDER SHADE. The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of application of chicken manure bokashi on the vegetative growth of Brown Midrib (BMR) sorghum.  Completely Randomized Design (CRD) has been used according to Steel and Torrie (1995). The treatments were level of chicken manure  bokashi as follows B1= 0 gram; B2= 200 gram; B3= 400 gram and B4=  800 gram/polybag, with 7 replications to form 28 numbers of observations. The variables measured were plant height, leaf number and  length of leaf. Analysis of Variance showed that treatments effected significanly different (P<0.05) on plant height, leaf number and length of leaf. Result of Tuckey Simultenaus Test showed that between treatment B3 and B4 were not significant different (P>0.05) on all variable measured, but both treatments gave a good performance of all variable measured significantly (P<0,05) better than treatments  B2 and B1. Based on this research result it can be concluded that utilization of chicken manure bokashi up to 400 gram/polybag could provide nutrients requirement to support vegetative growth of sorghum BMR in term of height of plant, leaf number and length of leaf. Keywords: Bokashi, chicken manure, growth, BMR sorghum, shaded.