bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uporaba ogrodja Scrum v neprogramerskih projektih
Authors: Masič Štefan
Published: September 2022

Metodologija Scrum je sinonim agilnega pristopa projektov programerskega značaja, kjer je končni izdelek programska oprema. Ali je ogrodje oziroma metodologija uporabna tudi v okviru drugih, neprogramerskih, projektov? Odgovor na zadano vprašanje smo praktično preizkusili na dveh projektih, katerih končni produkt ni izključno programska oprema. V obeh primerih se je pristop izkazal kot primeren. Agilni metodološki pristop je zavaroval izvedbo sámo, predvsem pa končni produktni izdelek.
Izzivi in vzorci zasnove mikrostoritev v brezstrežniškem okolju
Authors: Hliš Tilen , Pavlič Luka
Published: September 2022

Mikrostoritvena arhitektura je preizkušen, in kot kažejo podatki, tudi vodilen arhitekturni stil informacijskih rešitev zadnjega desetletja. Kot je praksa na vseh inženirskih področjih, tudi pri vpeljavi mikrostoritvene arhitekture uporabljamo preizkušene dobre prakse. Načrtovalski vzorci ne predstavljajo konkretne implementacije, temveč praktično preizkušene ideje, kako rešiti določeno skupino izzivov. Vzorce lahko umestimo v kategorije ali skupine - vsaka izmed njih naslavlja določeno problematiko s katero se soočajo razvojne skupine. Brezstrežniško računalništvo z vedno hitrejšim razvojem oblačnega računalništva vedno bolj pridobiva na pomenu. Arhitekture brez strežnika predvidevajo zasnovo informacijskih rešitev, ki vključuje zaledje kot storitev (angl. Backend as a Service - BaaS) in kodo po meri (angl. Functions as a Service -FaaS), ki se izvaja v upravljanih, kratkotrajnih vsebnikih na izbrani platformi.
Arhitekturni izzivi razvoja rešitve Connected mHealth
Authors: Kovač Damjan , Juhart Sebastjan , Maček Tina , Klevže Matevž , Saje Wang Saša
Published: September 2022

Izraz mHealth (m-zdravje) se nanaša na medicinske in javnozdravstvene prakse, ki se izvajajo in so podprte z mobilnimi napravami. Aplikacije mHealth vključujejo uporabo mobilnih naprav za zbiranje zdravstvenih podatkov, dostavo in izmenjavo zdravstvenih informacij za zdravnike, raziskovalce in paciente, spremljanje bolnika, neposredno zagotavljanje oskrbe (prek mobilne telemedicine), pa tudi usposabljanje in sodelovanje zdravstvenih delavcev. mHealth rešitve so prisotne že nekaj časa, vendar se je povpraševanje po njih enormno povečalo v času pandemije COVID-19. Connected mHealth, rešitev, ki smo jo razvili v podjetju Mikropis je ena izmed tovrstnih mHealth rešitev, ki se osredotoča predvsem na rehabilitacijo na daljavo. Namen rešitve je zagotoviti kvalitetno fizioterapevtsko obravnavo in obravnavo delovne terapije ter ju prenesti v izvajanje na pacientovem domu. V želji, da bi resnično ustvarili edinstveno rešitev na področju rehabilitacije, smo v razvoj produkta vključili strokovnjake iz različnih področij tehnologij, medicine in zdravja. Naš cilj je bil razviti enostavno in uporabno platformo, ki je na eni strani namenjena različnim strokovnjakom v zdravstvenih in rehabilitacijskih centrih, pri ustvarjanju in dodeljevanju individualiziranih rehabilitacijskih programov svojim pacientom, na drugi strani pa izboljšani uporabniški izkušnji, večji motivaciji in uspešnejši rehabilitaciji pacientov. Pri razvijanju tovrstne rešitve smo izbrali komponente, programski jezik in uporabniški vmesnik, ki omogoča varno, zanesljivo in enostavno uporabo tako za fizioterapevte, ki planirajo rehabilitacijske plane pacientom, kot tudi za paciente, ki planirane rehabilitacijske plane nato izvajajo preko mobilne aplikacije.
Tehnični izzivi sodobne poslovne analitike
Authors: Verlič Brunčič Mateja , Ovčjak Boris
Published: September 2022

Poslovna analitika lahko pomaga podjetjem sprejeti boljše in informirane odločitve ne glede na velikost podjetja. Na podlagi podatkov podjetja boljše razumejo obnašanje svojih strank ali pridobijo vpogled v konkurenco. Pri tem ne gre zanemariti tehničnih izzivov, ki pridejo s področjem in na finančne, človeške, tehnične, pa tudi strateške omejitve pri reševanju. Podatke je potrebno prečrpati, obdelati, analizirati, vizualizirati in na koncu pripraviti v obliki, ki jo uporabniki razumejo in jo uporabijo kot osnovo za odločanje. Vsak korak predstavlja specifiko in ima svoj nabor omejitev, dodaten vir izzivov pa predstavljajo tudi zunanje storitve, od katerih pridobivamo podatke in nad katerimi načeloma nimamo kontrole. Databox ima več kot deset let izkušenj z reševanjem izzivov na tem področju. V prispevku bomo predstavili, kako smo se lotili njihovega reševanja, da bi uporabniku čim bolj približali podatke na intuitiven in razumljiv način, ki jim daje dodano vrednost, omenili bomo tudi, kakšni izzivi nas čakajo v bližnji in srednji prihodnosti.
Umestitev digitalnih (EU) denarnic v ekosistem sodobnih IKT rešitev
Authors: Čučko Špela , Turkanović Muhamed
Published: September 2022

Evropska komisija je junija 2021 predlagala novo uredbo eIDAS 2.0, s katero si prizadeva zagotoviti zaupanja vredno, varno in široko uporabno evropsko digitalno identiteto, ki bo vsem Evropejcem omogočila digitalno dokazovanje svoje identitete z namenom dostopanja do digitalnih storitev po vsej Evropski uniji. V okviru uredbe je izdala zahtevo, da morajo države članice EU do leta 2023 svojim državljanom ponuditi kriptografsko varno digitalno denarnico z EU digitalno identiteto, ki naj bi poleg identifikacije, overjanja, avtorizacije in dostopanja do javnih in / ali zasebnih storitev, omogočala tudi varno shranjevanje, upravljanje in deljenje identitetnih podatkov in poverilnic. Kljub prizadevanju za vpeljavo takšne denarnice obstaja še vedno veliko nejasnosti in odprtih vprašanj glede tehničnih podrobnosti. Poleg tega pa se mnogim postavljajo vprašanja o tem, kaj pravzaprav so digitalne denarnice, komu so namenjene, kakšne scenarije uporabe podpirajo ter kako bodo podpirale digitalne procese in z njimi povezano digitalno preobrazbo v trenutnem, širšem ekosistemu IKT rešitev in storitev. V prispevku bomo tako predstavili tehnično ozadje denarnic digitalnih identitet v okviru Evropske digitalne identitete in posodobljene Uredbe eIDAS. Opredelili bomo osnovne koncepte in tipe denarnic, opisali njihove funkcionalne zahteve, predstavili številne scenarije uporabe ter raziskali interakcije denarnic z obstoječimi IKT rešitvami ob upoštevanju standardov in dobrih praks na področju upravljanja identitet.
Omejevanje frekvence zahtevkov na odjemalcu
Authors: Mislovič Aljaž
Published: September 2022

Strežniki so pogosto tarča namernega ali nenamernega povišanja frekvence zahtevkov v kratkem časovnem obdobju. Z različnimi metodami omejevanja zato strežniki ščitijo svoje sistemske vire, podatkovne baze in izboljšujejo uporabniško izkušnjo. V članku smo reševali realni problem produkcijskega okolja Databox, ki v vlogi odjemalca z različnih strežnikov črpa podatke za svoje uporabnike. V prispevku smo opisali, kako smo zasnovali in implementirali programsko rešitev, ki uspešno omejuje frekvenco zahtevkov na razne strežnike z različnimi metodami omejevanja. Na koncu smo predstavili tudi rezultate testiranja na več sto milijonov izvedenih zahtevkov na produkcijskem okolju, ter podali rezultate zmogljivosti.
Druga wojna światowa we współczesnych rosyjskich podręcznikach historii dla klas 9–11 (profil ogólny)
Authors: Janicki Andrzej
Published: September 2022

Niniejsza praca jest poświęcona zagadnieniom związanym z obecnością problematyki pamięci drugiej wojny światowej we współczesnym rosyjskim dyskursie historycznym. Obiektem analizy są wybrane podręczniki historii dla klas 9-11 szkół o profilu ogólnokształcącym. Każdy z nich posiada rekomendację Ministerstwa Edukacji i Nauki Federacji Rosyjskiej.
Śmiech, strach, snobizm jako kategorie analizy kulturowej. Kilka uwag o historii mentalności
Authors: Brzezińska Anna
Published: September 2022

Autorka rozumowanie w swojej pracy opiera na koncepcji dialogizmu Michaiła Bachtina i przekłada to na grunt historyczny. Historyk bowiem prowadzi dialog ze światem minionym, światem, który wyłania się ze źródeł. Historyk powinien starać się uchwycić kategorie mentalne kultury badanej w jej codziennych praktykach i zderzyć je za własnym instrumentarium norm i własności, co oznacza, że jednocześnie musi być świadomy własnych, osadzonych w kulturze współczesnej. Autorka omawiając w niniejszej pracy historię mentalności skupia się na omówieniu funkcji śmiechu, strachu oraz snobizmu w wiekach średnich.
Polityka historyczna a edukacja szkolna we współczesnej Polsce. Kilka uwag do dyskusji
Authors: Stobiecki Rafał
Published: September 2022

Autor w swojej pracy omówił zjawisko polityki historycznej, analizując ją pod kątem działań struktur państwowych (państwa totalitarnego oraz państwa demokratycznego) i włączenia jej w ramy dyskursu potocznego, publicystycznego czy akademickiego. Badacz zastawiał się przede wszystkim nad rolą szkoły w propagowaniu współczesnej polityki historycznej. Na potrzeby pracy przeprowadził „sondę” wśród nauczycieli uczących historii, pracowników IPN prowadzących działania dotyczące popularyzacji historii najnowszej oraz przeanalizował podstawę programową oraz niektóre podręczniki do historii. Na podstawie wymienionych źródeł, autor podjął się próby dokonania pewnej generalnej oceny roli polityki historycznej w szkolnej edukacji.
Versiones periodísticas discordantes en escenario de conflicto social. Análisis de los ángulos y criterios de tratamiento de los hechos en los relatos informativos de los diarios impresos El Comercio y La República durante el conflicto social minero suscitado por el proyecto Tía María del 5 al 10 de agosto de 2019
Authors:   , Martens Duran Rosa Alexandra
Published: September 2022

Este trabajo de investigación examina la formación de versiones discordantes en los diarios El Comercio y La República durante la cobertura que realizaron ambos medios de comunicación para informar lo relacionado al conflicto social suscitado por el proyecto Tía María, del 5 al 10 de agosto de 2019. Utilizando este marco de tiempo, se explora y compara los criterios de abordaje de los hechos a los que recurrieron ambos enunciadores para construir sus relatos informativos.  La investigación, por lo tanto, explora las distintas ventajas y limitaciones que tiene la utilización de diversos criterios, tales como el lenguaje, el manejo de fuentes, la elección de ángulos de abordaje, la formación de personajes y la colocación de fotografías, y encuentra que se forjan distintas versiones en cuanto al accionar de los protagonistas de la noticia y su participación en el conflicto. Asimismo, se determina que comprender las discordancias en las coberturas informativas es de suma relevancia en periodos de conflicto social, donde las disonancias formadas por las versiones de cada enunciador se asocian con el quiebre del tratamiento de la información.
Advances in understanding phenolic compounds in fruits and vegetables
Authors: Vianello Fabio ,   University of Padua (UNIPD), Italy, Kluge Ricardo Alfredo ,   University of São Paulo (USP), Brazil, Pereira Lima Giuseppina Pace ,   São Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil
Published: September 2022

This chapter reviews the range of phenolic compounds in fruits and vegetables. It assesses the effects on phenolic content of factors such as cultivar, stage of growth (ripening), cultivation practices such as use of bio-effectors, and post-harvest stages such as mechanical and thermal processing as well as storage. It also looks at using fruit and vegetable by-products such as peel to produce value-added nutraceutical compounds.
Advances in understanding the role of plant phytochemicals in preventing cardiovascular disease
Authors:   Royal Botanic Gardens – Kew, UK, Sadgrove Nicholas J. , Simmonds Monique S. J. ,   Royal Botanic Gardens – Kew, UK
Published: September 2022

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of illness and death globally. Its incidence has been closely linked to diet. This chapter reviews the complex nature of CVD and its comorbidities. It then assesses the current state of research on the protective and therapeutic effects of a range of plant phytochemicals in relation to CVD. It also addresses the range of initiatives to enhance phytochemicals in the diet to prevent or treat CVD.
Advances in screening/analysis of phytochemical compounds in fruits and vegetables
Authors:   State University of Ponta Grossa, Brazil, Nogueira Alessandro , Jaiswal Amit K. ,   School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin - City Campus, Ireland,   Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute, Technological University Dublin - City Campus, Ireland, Alberti Aline ,   State University of Ponta Grossa, Brazil
Published: September 2022

Phytochemical compounds have been associated with possible beneficial health effects. Therefore, many studies have been conducted in order to identify and quantify these compounds of interest. Given the characteristics of different methods, it is critical to choose the suitable one to attain high-quality data within a minimum acquisition time. In this regard, the state of the art of phytochemical investigation from extraction and cleaning (or purification), separation techniques to the final analysis are discussed. Chromatographic techniques hyphenated with high-resolution mass spectrometry are powerful tools that are being increasingly used in recent years. In the same way, nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy (NIR, MIR, and FTIR) are fast, non-destructive and accurate methods used to quantify polyphenols, carotenoids, and fatty acids. Finally, selected studies are presented and the analysis of phenolic compounds in apples is discussed.
Understanding processing of phytochemical compounds in fruits and vegetables in the gut
Authors:   McGill University, Canada, Kubow Stan , Roldos Lucas ,   McGill University, Canada, Wark Kailee ,   McGill University, Canada, Iskandar Michèle M. ,   McGill University, Canada
Published: September 2022

Phytochemicals are compounds synthesized in plants that result from secondary metabolism. As a part of plant-rich diets, phytochemicals are associated with wide ranging health benefits including antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, anticlotting, anti-inflammatory effects. There are a wide variety of intrinsic and extrinsic factors that determines the rate and degree of release of phytochemicals from food (bioaccessibility) and the fraction that is absorbed (bioavailability), which greatly impact their physiological functions. During digestion, phytochemicals undergo extensive structural modifications as modulated by pH changes, digestive enzymes and gut microbial catabolism. These digestive processes generated absorbable phytochemical metabolites that differ greatly in structure and bioactivities from the native form found in foods. This chapter will discuss the variety of factors that affect the gastrointestinal processing of phytochemicals at the gut level and how this can affect their health modulating properties.
Advances in understanding and improving the nutraceutical properties of cranberries
Authors:   Biofortis Research, Merieux NutriSciences, USA, Chen Oliver , Mah Eunice ,   Biofortis Research, Merieux NutriSciences, USA,   Tufts University, USA
Published: September 2022

American cranberries (Vaccinium macrocarpon) are commonly consumed as juice, dried fruit or dietary supplement and a rich source of phytochemicals, particularly A-type proanthocyanidins and anthocyanins. Cranberries are perhaps best known for their protection against urinary tract infections, a benefit that received a US FDA qualified health claim in 2020. Health benefits of cranberry products can also be extended to dental and gastrointestinal health, cardiometabolic and skin health, cognition, and cancer. In this chapter, we first review clinical evidence supporting these health benefits of cranberry consumption. We then discuss future directions in the elucidation of mechanism of actions for health benefits and approaches to maximizing bioefficacy of cranberry-related food/products. This information is anticipated to inform the development of cranberry products formulated with the most efficacious components, establish additive/synergistic interaction of cranberry components with other ingredients, and develop novel technologies that enhance the bioavailability of bioactive constituents of cranberries.
Nutraceutical potential of glucosinolates
Authors:   School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin – City Campus, Ireland, O'Grady Ella , Pileckaite Greta ,   School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin – City Campus, Ireland, Alberti Aline ,   Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, State University of Ponta Grossa, Brazil, Jaiswal Swarna ,   School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin – City Campus, Ireland,   Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute, Technological University Dublin – City Campus, Ireland, Jaiswal Amit K. ,   School of Food Science and Environmental Health, Technological University Dublin – City Campus, Ireland,   Environmental Sustainability and Health Institute, Technological University Dublin – City Campus, Ireland
Published: September 2022

Glucosinolates (GLs) are secondary metabolites of plants that are primarily synthesized in the Brassica genus. They are classified into three categories: aliphatics, aromatics or indoles. Isothiocyanates are organosulfur compounds which are typically formed by the enzymatic conversion of indole GLs. Sulforaphane (SFN) is the most widely studied isothiocyanate with several nutraceutical benefits. GLs and in particular SFN mechanism of action is linked to the upregulation of Nrf2 protein, which present beneficial effects in the brain, pancreatin, and skin cancer, management of cardiovascular disease and diabetes, and neuroprotective effects. GLs and their breakdown products, specifically the sulphur-containing compounds, are known for their fungicidal, bactericidal, nematocidal, and allelopathic properties, as well as their use as cancer chemo-preventive and chemotherapeutic agents. Dietary supplements containing broccoli and other cruciferous vegetable extracts are commonly seen in the nutraceutical market.
Understanding the nutraceutical properties of flavonoids in fruits and vegetables: mechanisms of action
Authors:   MGM Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Mission University, India, Diwan A. D. , Harke S. N. ,   MGM Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Mission University, India, Panche A. N. ,   MGM Institute of Biosciences & Technology, Mahatma Gandhi Mission University, India
Published: September 2022

The chapter first looks at the antioxidant properties of flavonoids and their role in preventing auto-immune diseases. It then looks at the anti-microbial, anti-fungal and anti-viral activity of flavonoids and their role in treatment of diabetes. The chapter goes on to discuss the anti-cancer properties of flavonoids and their anti-neoplastic activity in tumour suppression. It also reviews their role in preventing cardiovascular disease and anti-thrombogenic activity of flavonoids, as well as their meuro-protective, anti-ulcerogenic, anti-inflammatory and hepato-protective activity. Finally, the chapter discusses biotechnological approaches for enhanced production of nutraceuticals in fruits and vegetables.
El dolor supremo purificante: conceptos del cuerpo y violencia ritualizada entre los antiguos mayas
Authors:   Universidade Autónoma de Yucatán, Facultad de Ciencias Antropológicas, Mexico, Tiesler Vera , Velásquez García Erik ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Estéticas, Mexico
Published: September 2022

We wish to discuss some of the multiple Maya meanings that surround the human body and the role of its vital components in ritualized violence, specifically the forms of self-sacrifice and human sacrifice itself. This essay offers a series of elements of discussion that are key to detecting and understanding the transformations of the body and its components during ritual death along with the markers that give them away in the mortuary record; the proposals put forward here were thought from the perspective of data from the lowlands during the Late Classic period (600-800 ad), although it is feasible to assume that some aspects date from earlier tiemes or survived in more recent times.
De la persuasión evangélica a la compulsión inquisitorial. Reflexiones historiográficas e históricas sobre la biografía de fray Diego de Landa
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Instituto de Investigaciones Filológicas, Centro de Estudios Mayas, León Cázares María del Carmen
Published: September 2022

The objective of the present study is to invite the reader to accomplish a reflection reasoned on the acting of the most controversial character of the history of the evangelization of the peninsular Mayas of the century XVI, with the aim of understanding the decisions and the responsibilities he assumed, within the circumstances than, due his condition, was compelled to face.
Intertwining Spirality-Synchrony Theory Within the Realm of Mental Illness
Authors: Panes Iril I. , Tuppal Cyruz P.
Published: September 2022

This classic grounded theory aimed to discover the family dynamics of caring within the context of mental illness. Thirty-seven participants were recruited in selected mental healthcare facilities in southernmost part of the Philippines. Data were generated from in-depth one-on-one semistructured interviews and participant observations. Constant comparison was used for data analysis. The theory of intertwining spirality-synchrony emerged that captures togetherness, termed as “being-one-with-the-other.” It is the merging of separate entities, one distinct from the other but chose to share a synchronous, communal connection that creates a whole, single system that is empowering and beneficial.
Bionic limb replacement: an evolving concept in lower extremity reconstruction
Authors: Amin Kavit R.
Published: September 2022

Limb loss is disabling and carries significant functional and psychological repercussions to both the individual and society. The numbers of amputees are forecasted to double by 2050 from vascular disease and diabetes alone. Europe has 4.66 million amputees (431,000 amputations per year) and the United States 2 million amputees (185,000 amputations per year). Microvascular expertise is now more commonplace, increasing the likelihood of limb salvage and replantation. Further reconstructive input can take advantage of nerve and tendon grafting/transfers, free tissue transfer, and complex bone reconstruction. When this strategy does not satisfy individual needs, such as that seen with unstable soft tissues, amputation may be requested or offered. In part, the decision for salvage, replantation, or amputation in the future is likely to be guided by the sophistication of limb substitutes. This review will introduce the growing domain of bionics and where research in this area may deliver a sought clinical need.
Artificial intelligence in laparoscopic cholecystectomy: does computer vision outperform human vision?
Authors: Liu Runwen , An Jingjing , Wang Ziyao , Guan Jingye , Liu Jie , Jiang Jingwen , Chen Zhimin , Li Hai , Peng Bing , Wang Xin
Published: September 2022

Background: The occurrence of biliary duct injury (BDI) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) remains 0.2-1.5%, which is largely caused by anatomic misidentifications. To solve this problem, we developed an artificial intelligence model, SurgSmart, and preliminarily verified its potential surgical guidance ability by comparing its performance with surgeons. Methods: We prospectively collected 60 LC videos from November 2019 to August 2020 and enrolled 41 videos into the model establishment. Four important anatomic regions, namely cystic duct, cystic artery, common bile duct, and cystic plate, were annotated, and YOLOv3 (You Look Only Once), an object detection algorithm, was applied to develop the model SurgSmart. To further evaluate its performance, comparisons were made among SurgSmart, trainees, and seniors (surgical experience in LC > 100). Results: In total, 101,863 frames were extracted from videos, and 5533 video frames were selected, annotated, and used in model training. The mean average precision (mAP) of SurgSmart was 0.710. Comparative results show SurgSmart had significantly higher intersection-over-union (IoU) and accuracy (IoU ≥ 0.5) in anatomy detection than those of seniors (n = 36) and trainees (n = 32) despite the existence of severe inflammation. Additionally, SurgSmart tended to correctly identify anatomic regions in earlier surgical phases than most of the seniors and trainees (P < 0.001). Conclusions: SurgSmart is not only capable of accurately detecting and positioning anatomic regions in LC but also has better performance than that of the trainees and seniors in terms of individual still images and the whole set.
Cancer-associated fibroblasts as accomplices to confer therapeutic resistance in cancer
Authors: Wang Wenyu , Cheng Bing , Yu Qiang
Published: September 2022

The “seed and soil” concept has reformed paradigms for cancer treatment in the past decade. Accumulating evidence indicates that the intimate crosstalk between cancer cells and stromal cells plays a tremendous role in tumor progression. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), the largest population of stroma cells, influence therapeutic effects through diverse mechanisms. Herein, we summarize the recent advances in the versatile function of CAFs regarding their heterogeneity, and we mainly discuss the pro-tumorigenic function of CAFs which promote tumorigenesis and confer therapeutic resistance to tumors. Targeting CAFs is emerging as one of the most appealing strategies in anticancer therapies. The endeavors to target or reprogram the specific subtypes of CAFs provide great cancer treatment opportunities, which may provide a better clinical benefit to cancer patients.
Insights into the electrochemical performance of metal fluoride cathodes for lithium batteries
Authors: Ma Delong , Zhang Ruili , Hu Xun , Chen Yang , Xiao Chenfa , He Fei , Zhang Shu , Chen Jianbing , Hu Guangzhi
Published: September 2022

In recent years, energy storage and conversion have become key areas of research to address social and environmental issues, as well as practical applications, such as increasing the storage capacity of portable electronic storage devices. However, current commercial lithium-ion batteries suffer from low specific energy and high cost and toxicity. Conversion-type cathode materials are promising candidates for next-generation Li metal and Li-ion batteries (LIBs). Metal fluoride materials have shown tremendous chemical tailorability and exhibit excellent energy density in LIBs. Batteries based on such electrodes can compete with other envisaged alternatives, such as Li-air and Li-S systems. However, conversion reactions are typically multiphase redox reactions with mass transport phenomena and nucleation and growth processes of new phases along with interfacial reactions. Therefore, these reactions involve nonequilibrium reaction pathways and significant overpotentials during the charge-discharge process. In this review, we summarize the key challenges facing metal fluoride cathode materials and general strategies to overcome them in cells. Different synthesis methods of metal fluorides are also presented and discussed in the context of their application as cathode materials in Li and LIBs. Finally, the current challenges and future opportunities of metal fluorides as electrode materials are emphasized. With continuous rapid improvements in the electrochemical performance of metal fluorides, it is believed that these materials will be used extensively for energy storage in Li batteries in the future.
Dampak Program Kampung Pelangi Terhadap Status Cemar Sungai Kemuning Berdasarkan Parameter Limbah Domestik
Authors: Rosyadi Ahmad Ridwan , Mahreda Emmy Sri
Published: September 2022

The objectives of this study were to: 1) analyze the water quality of Kemuning River after Kampung Pelangi program based on water quality standard class 2, 2) analyze the polluted status of the Kemuning River based on class II water quality standard before and after Kampung Pelangi program, 3) analyze the polluted status per parameter from the upstream, downstream and middle of the Kemuning River based on domestic waste parameter. This study was conducted in Kemuning River, Banjarbaru City, South Kalimantan. Measurement and sampling of the water was carried out through direct observation and measurement in the field (in situ) and laboratory testing (ex situ). Sampling locations included the upstream river, the middle part that passed through Kampung Pelangi, and the downstream/ estuary section. The results of this study found that the water quality after Kampung Pelangi program was not polluted in the upstream with a PI value of 0.2629, was mildly polluted in the middle and downstream with PI values of 3.258 and 3.152. The polluted status improved after Kampung Pelangi program in 2017 - 2018 compared to 2016. However, it experienced an increase in 2019. The polluted status exceeded class II water quality standards in the parameters of COD, BOD, and Phosphate due to domestic waste such as rubbish, industrial waste tempeh, and detergent from the laundry business.
PROGRAM PEMERINTAH DALAM KETERSEDIAAN PERUMAHAN BAGI MASYARAKAT BERPENGHASILAN RENDAH (MBR) DI KOTA BANJARMASIN
Authors: Putri Anisa , Mirani Tri Azhara , Febrianto M. Rizki Valen , Kumalawati Rosalina , Normelani Ellyn , Apriadi Muhammad
Published: September 2022

Kota Banjarmasin sebagai kota yang mempunyai jumlah penduduk terbanyak di Provinsi Kalimantan Selatan, hal ini juga mempengaruhi kebutuhan primer penduduk seperti rumah atau tempat tinggal yang harus dimiliki oleh setiap keluarga untuk melanjutkan kehidupannya sehari-hari. Kebutuhan akan tempat tinggal otomatis mengalami peningkatan sebab jumlah kebutuhan penerimaan sejalan dengan jumlah pertumbuhan penduduk. Tingginya pertumbuhan ekonomi di Banjarmasin, berbanding lurus dengan peningkatan pertumbuhan penduduknya. Masyarkat Berpenghasilan Rendah (MBR) dalam kaitannya dengan pembangunan didefenisikan dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 64 Tahun 2016 sebagai masyarakat yang mempunyai keterbatasan daya beli sehingga perlu mendapat dukungan pemerintah untuk memperoleh rumah maka dalam artikel ini bertujuan membahas perkembangan penyediaan Perumahan Bersubsidi bagi Masyarakat Berpenghasilan Rendah (MBR) di Kota Banjarmasin. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berupa metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif yang berupa penggambaran fenomena yang ada melalui studi kepustakaan dan di dukung dengan data sekunder
Architecture using blockchain data privacy for healthcare data management
Authors: Rossetto Anubis , Sega Christofer , Leithardt Valderi Reis Quietinho
Published: September 2022

With the fast development of blockchain technology in latest years, its application in scenarios that require privacy, such as health area, became encouraged and widely discussed. This paper presents an architecture to ensure the privacy of health-related data, which are stored and shared within a blockchain network in a decentralized manner, through the use of encryption with the RSA, ECC and AES algorithms. Evaluation tests were performed to verify the impact of cryptography on the proposed architecture in terms of computational effort, memory usage and execution time. The results demonstrate an impact mainly on the execution time and on the increase in the computational effort for sending data to the blockchain, however, justifiable considering the privacy and security provided with the architecture and encryption.
Activation of Host Cellular Signaling and Mechanism of EV71 Viral Proteins Associated with Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease
Authors: Swain Subrat Kumar , Panda Subhasmita , Sahu Basanta Pravas , Sarangi Rachita
Published: September 2022

Enteroviruses are members of Pichornaviridae family consisting of human enterovirus group A, B, C, and D as well as nonhuman enteroviruses. Human enterovirus type 71 (EV71) has emerged as a major cause of viral encephalitis Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in children worldwide especially in the Asia‐Pacific region. EV71 and coxsackievirus A16 are two viruses responsible for HFMD which are members of group A enterovirus. The identified EV71 receptors provide useful information for understanding viral replication and tissue tropism. Host factors interact with the internal ribosome entry site (IRES) of EV71 to regulate viral translation. However, the specific molecular features of the EV71 genome that determine virulence remain unclear. Although an EV71 vaccine has been currently approved, there is no effective therapy for treating EV71 infected patients. Therefore, understanding the host-pathogen interaction could provide the knowledge in viral pathogenesis and further benefit in the anti-viral therapy development. The aim of this study was to investigate the latest findings about the interaction of viral ligands to the host receptor as well as the activation of immune related signalling pathways for the activation of innate immunity and involvement of different cytokines and chemokines in the host pathogen interaction of EV71 along with interaction of viral proteins, mainly 2A and 3C protease, and Interferons production/signaling pathway and their inhibitory effects.
Experience in the development of the system of adaptation of young specialists, as a component of patient safety, in the regional healthcare of the Tyumen region
Authors: Andoverova A. G. , Gorbunova O. P. , Nemkov A. G. , Skochina M. V.
Published: September 2022

The adaptation of personnel in a medical organization is an integral part of the overall system of high-quality and safe medical activities, both in a specific medical organization and at the level of the subject of the federation. The current system of personnel training, the existing prejudices of graduates of medical universities regarding work in rural areas, the problems of securing specialists in medical organizations, especially in rural areas, make the issue of the need for effective adaptation of young specialists especially significant. A systematic approach and project management at the regional level make it possible to build an optimal system of adaptation of young employees in a short time and scale the experience of project participants, both in all medical organizations of the region and beyond.
Ensuring the quality and safety of healthcare in the Russian Federation as a national idea
Authors: Murashko M. A. , Samoylova A. V. , Shvabskii O. R. , Ivanov I. V. , Minulin I. B. , Shcheblykina A. A. , Taut D. F.
Published: September 2022

The implementation of priorities in the field of quality and safety of healthcare is supported at the international and national levels. The World Health Organization considers patient safety issues worthy of international attention, and the Russian Federation considers the increase in population, life expectancy, healthy life expectancy, the development of a quality management system of medical care, as well as the formation of new management decisions in this direction to be one of the main priorities for the development of healthcare. These positions make possible to speak about the importance of joint efforts of all participants of the healthcare system, including patients, medical workers, hospitals and insurance companies, state organizations in the field of healthcare. The formation and implementation of a national idea to ensure the quality and safety of healthcare with the participation of all stakeholders will ensure an optimal level of health care safety, will contribute to improving the quality and accessibility of medical care, as well as achieving the national goals of the Russian Federation.
Maastrichtian atmosphericpCO2 and climatic reconstruction from carbonate paleosols of the Marília Formation (southeastern Brazil)
Authors: Menezes Maurícius Nascimento , Dal' Bó Patrick Führ , Smith Jon J. , Rodrigues Amanda Goulart , Rodríguez-Berriguete Álvaro
Published: September 2022

Paleosols are the product of ancient physical, chemical, and biological processes on the Earth's surface and, as such, may record information that can be used to reconstruct the paleoatmospheric and paleoenvironmental conditions under which they formed. In Brazilian continental sedimentary successions, few studies using ancient soils have focused on the relationship between paleopedogenesis and paleoclimate. The Marilia Formation is a 160-m-thick section of the Bauru Basin in which ∼ 66% of the deposits show some evidence of pedogenic modification as paleosols. In this paper, paleosol profiles in the Marilia Formation containing thick calcrete intervals are described and attributed to three pedotypes: Avencas, Monte Alto, and Garça. Macro and microscopic pedogenic features of each pedotype are described in detail. Moreover, the analysis of clay mineralogy, whole-rock geochemistry, and stable-isotope composition are used to define pedogenic processes, paleoclimate proxies, and atmospheric pCO2 estimates. The Avencas pedotype is composed of six polygenetic profiles with different phases of carbonate precipitation, clay illuviation, and biogenic actions. The Monte Alto pedotype is moderately developed and composed of calcic horizons formed mainly by rhizoliths, with higher degrees of calcification and oxidation compared to Avencas profiles. The Garça pedotype is well developed with five polygenetic profiles presenting high carbonate content and low accumulation of clay minerals (CIA-K) and leaching. Estimates of paleoprecipitation and paleotemperature from the studied paleosols using climofunctions of molar ratio of base to alumina, depth of carbonate accumulation, salinization, oxygen composition, and paleosol weathering index proxy (PWI) show values ranging from 242 to 718 mm/yr and 11° to 14°, respectively. Climofunction values suggest a paleoclimate of semiarid to subhumid during deposition of the Marília Formation. The climate data also suggests that during the Maastrichtian, the Bauru Basin was geographically within the Southern Hot Arid Belt zone, though showing strong influence of the lower latitudinal Equatorial Humid belt. Furthermore, atmospheric pCO2 values calculated from pedogenic carbonates may correlate with a cooling interval during the latest Maastrichtian (68.5–66.25 My).
Superspreading event of Covid-19 in adolescents: is there a difference between the vaccinated and the unvaccinated?
Authors: Perelman Carol , Fastlicht Andrea , Sanchez-Flores Alejandro , Wegman-Ostrosky Talia
Published: September 2022

Not available
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination patterns in a private hematology and internal medicine outpatient clinic
Authors: García-Villaseñor Elizabeth , Bojalil-Álvarez Lorena , Reyes-Cisneros Oscar A , Fernández-Gutiérrez José A , Sánchez-Bonilla Daniela , Robles-Nasta Max , Gallardo-Pérez Moisés Manuel , Murrieta-Álvarez Iván , Ruiz-Delgado Guillermo J , Ruiz-Argüelles Guillermo J
Published: September 2022

Objective. Determine the proportion of vaccinated patients in a private hematology and internal medicine outpatient clinic and potential factors in adherence in at-risk patients (due to onco-hematological diseases). Materials and methods. This is a cross-sectional study of outpatients from a private clinic. We applied a non-validated instrument to all patients attending the outpatient clinic from May to October 2021. According to the primary diagnosis, we classified patients into onco-hematological and non-onco-hematological patients. Since national authorities exclusively executed and planned the rollout of vaccines, the order and eligibility defined by authorities of vaccination was considered when conducting the analysis and patients were classified according to the their corresponding group. Results. 397 participants were accrued, 269 (68%) had an onco-hematological condition. In the whole group, 73 (18.3%) had a history of infection. Vaccination history was present in 286 persons (72%); 82% had two doses. In the subset of 269 persons with an onco-hematological condition, 191 (71%) were vaccinated, whereas 95 participants with non-hematological conditions (73%) had received the vaccine. Vaccination status was associated with age (OR 1.07, 95%CI: 1.03,1.10, p<0.0001) and body mass index (OR 1.11, 95%CI: 1.04,1.17, p<0.0001). Conclusions. According to our study, vaccination adherence at our center is significantly different from the nationwide proportion of vaccines.
Factores socioculturales de la vulnerabilidad al sobrepeso durante los primeros años de vida en México
Authors: Orozco-Núñez Emanuel , Torres-de la Rosa Christian Paul , Reséndiz-Lugo Óscar , Pacheco-Miranda Selene , Chávez-Ayala Rubén , Cerecer-Ortiz Nadia , Arredondo-López Armando
Published: September 2022

Objetivo. Analizar el rol de los factores socioeconómicos y culturales en la vulnerabilidad a la obesidad en madres y sus hijos menores de dos años, en localidades del Sur de Morelos, México. Material y métodos. Se realizó trabajo de campo y observación no participativa. Durante 2019, se aplicaron 17 entrevistas semiestructuradas a una submuestra de una cohorte. Los datos fueron ordenados y analizados con apoyo del software Atlas-Ti v. 7, usando 18 códigos libres. Resultados. Factores sociales como los ingresos del hogar y los roles de género, combinados con la influencia de la parentela y las creencias sobre la preferencia de la niñez por productos ultraprocesados, predisponen la disponibilidad de bebidas y alimentos calóricos que generan vulnerabilidad a la obesidad durante la infancia temprana. La actividad eco­nómica de las madres, la participación de los padres y evitar influencia de parientes puede predisponer una mejor calidad de los alimentos y mayor actividad física. Conclusiones. La baja disponibilidad de alimentos saludables, los riesgos de inseguridad alimentaria y los factores familiares y culturales, que se presentan en contextos de vulnerabilidad económica y social, incrementan la vulnerabilidad del binomio madre-hijo a la obesidad.
Leucemia y Covid-19 (Leucovid-19): efecto de la pandemia sobre el diagnóstico de leucemia aguda en la Ciudad de México previo a Ómicron
Authors: Gallardo-Rodríguez Adán Germán , Martínez-Murillo Carlos , Pérez-Sámano Daniela , Olarte-Carrillo Irma , Martínez-Tovar Adolfo , Ramos-Peñafiel Christian Omar
Published: September 2022

No disponible
Covid-19 en la población LGBTIQ+ en Ecuador: Perspectivas de una junta asesora comunitaria
Authors: Aguayo-Romero Rodrigo A , Hidalgo-Andrade Paula , Hermosa-Bosano Carlos , Correa-Salazar Catalina , Rodríguez-Zambrano Diane , Soria-Alba Efraín , Junta Asesora Comunitaria
Published: September 2022

No disponible
Estado actual del traumatismo craneoencefálico en niños en el estado de Querétaro
Authors: Chavelas-Ochoa Felipe , Méndez-Leyva Amy , Gleason-Domínguez Ana Camille , Bolaños-Fernández Montserrat
Published: September 2022

No disponible
Retrasos en el tratamiento del cáncer de mama: una enfermedad peligrosa
Authors: Villaseñor-Navarro Yolanda , Sollozo-Dupont Isabel
Published: September 2022

No disponible
Barriers to childhood tuberculosis case detection and management in Cambodia: the perspectives of healthcare providers and caregivers
Authors: An Yom , Teo Alvin Kuo Jing , Huot Chan Yuda , Tieng Sivanna , Khun Kim Eam , Pheng Sok Heng , Leng Chhenglay , Deng Serongkea , Song Ngak , Nonaka Daisuke , Yi Siyan
Published: September 2022

Background
Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis (TB) in children remain challenging, particularly in resource-limited settings. Healthcare providers and caregivers are critical in improving childhood TB screening and treatment. This study aimed to determine the barriers to childhood TB detection and management from the perspectives of healthcare providers and caregivers in Cambodia.
Method
We conducted this qualitative study between November and December 2020. Data collection included in-depth interviews with 16 healthcare providers purposively selected from four operational districts and 28 caregivers of children with TB and children in close contact with bacteriological confirmed pulmonary TB residing under the coverage of the selected health centers. Data were analyzed using thematic analyses.
Results
Mean ages of healthcare providers and caregivers were 40.2 years (standard deviation [SD] 11.9) and 47.9 years (SD 14.6), respectively. Male was predominant among healthcare providers (93.8%). Three-fourths of caregivers were female, and 28.6% were grandparents. Inadequate TB staff, limited knowledge on childhood TB, poor collaboration among healthcare providers in different units on TB screening and management, limited quality of TB diagnostic tools, and interruption of supplies of childhood TB medicines due to maldistribution from higher levels to health facilities were the key barriers to childhood TB case detection and management. Caregivers reported transportation costs to and from health facilities, out-of-pocket expenditure, time-consuming, and no clear explanation from healthcare providers as barriers to childhood TB care-seeking. Aging caregivers with poor physical conditions, lack of collaboration from caregivers, ignorance of healthcare provider's advice, and parent movement were also identified as barriers to childhood TB case detection and management.
Conclusions
The national TB program should further invest in staff development for TB, scale-up appropriate TB diagnostic tools and ensure its functionalities, such as rapid molecular diagnostic systems and X-ray machines, and strengthen childhood TB drug management at all levels. These may include drug forecasting, precise drug distribution and monitoring mechanism, and increasing community awareness about TB to increase community engagement.
Nr4a1 promotes renal interstitial fibrosis by regulating the p38 MAPK phosphorylation
Authors: Tao Yilin , Tang Chengyuan , Wei Ju , Shan Yi , Fang Xi , Li Ying
Published: September 2022

Background
Renal interstitial fibrosis (RIF) is a common pathological change in kidney diseases progressing into end-stage renal disease and involves multiple cell types, but the key targets and regulatory mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1(Nr4a1) belongs to a subfamily of nuclear receptors, and in this study, we found a regulatory effect of Nr4a1 on p38 MAPK phosphorylation in renal tubular epithelial cells with renal interstitial fibrosis.
Methods
Firstly, we collected human renal fibrosis specimens and used unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-stimulated human renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) as in vivo and in vitro models to detect the expression of Nr4a1. Subsequently, using Nr4a1-specific agonist Cytosporone B (Csn-B) in vivo and in vitro and Nr4a1 small interfering RNA in vitro, we observed renal pathological changes by HE and Masson staining, and immunohistochemical staining and western blot were performed to detect the expression of fibronectin (Fn) and collagen-I (Col-I), as well as p38 MAPK phosphorylation level.
Results
The results showed that firstly Nr4a1 expression was upregulated in human fibrosis and UUO mice kidney, and positively correlated with the degree of interstitial kidney injury and fibrotic protein expression. Csn-B aggravated UUO-caused renal interstitial fibrosis and activated p38 MAPK phosphorylation. In vitro it also showed that Nr4a1 expression increased under TGF-β1 stimulation, and transfection with Nr4a1 small interfering RNA reduced the expression of TGF-β1-stimulated Fn、Col-I and p38 MAPK phosphorylation levels. Similary, Csn-B induced Fn、Col-I expression and p38 MAPK phosphorylation in HK-2 cells. Further, p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 reversed the Csn-B-induced Fn and Col-I expression. In addition, immunofluorescence and western blot suggested that Csn-B induced increased Nr4a1 expression in the cytoplasm.
Conclusion
The above results indicated that Nr4a1 could exert pro-fibrotic effect by regulating p38 MAPK phosphorylation in renal interstitial fibrosis.