bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predicting wing-pylon-nacelle configuration flutter characteristics using adaptive continuation method
Authors: Yu Qijing , Damodaran M. , Khoo B. C.
Published: July 2023

In this study, the aeroelastic response of a wing-pylon-nacelle system in subsonic and low supersonic flow regimes is analyzed using the continuation method in conjunction with an adaptive step size control algorithm. Idealizing the pylon and nacelle as a point mass, the computed effects of a standard structural analysis of the wing together with the pylon and nacelle are compared with those of a clean wing to build a reduced-order model for analysis. The aerodynamic forces relating to different reduced frequencies are assessed using the Doublet Lattice Method (DLM) in the subsonic flow regime and supersonic lifting surface theory relying on the unsteady linearized small-disturbance potential flow model in the low supersonic flow regime. The Rational Function Approximation (RFA) method is then utilized for the state-space formulation of the system equations, appended with the continuation method for flutter prediction. Thereafter, the linearized aeroelastic equations are resolved using the continuation method with adaptive step size, the results of which are matched with those obtained from the traditional p-k method to emphasize that the continuation method exhibits a distinct advantage in achieving better accuracy in estimating the flutter speed and identifying the “mode switching” phenomenon.
Internal vaginal douching increases the incidence of vaginal infection among IUD users: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Youssef Ahmed Alaa , Shaaban Omar Mamdouh , Kamal Mariam , Shaltout Asmaa , Abbas Ahmed Mohamed , Mohamed Ahmed Aboelfadle
Published: July 2023

Background

We compared the rate, type and severity of vulvovaginitis in women who are practicing internal vaginal douching (IVD) or not while using an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD).

It is a cross-sectional study on 604 consecutive attendees of the outpatient clinics using IUCD for at least 6 months prior to recruitment. Eligible participants were divided into two groups: group 1 (302 women) performing IVD and group 2 (302 women) not practicing this habit (NIVD). The frequency of vaginal infections in IUCD users who perform IVD compared to women who were abstaining from this habit was our primary outcome.

Results

They are IUCD users who were practicing IVD more frequent history of vaginal infection (VI) compared with NIVD-IUCD users [260 (88.1%) versus 151(43.4%); respectively] (P < 0.001). Current diagnosis of VI was significantly higher in IVD group (275; 91.05%) compared to NIVD group (115; 38.1%) (P < 0.001). Bacterial vaginosis was the most common infection (287; 47.5%) followed by candida vulvovaginitis (278; 46.03%). Moreover, both types of infections were significantly more common in IVD.

Conclusion

The use of IUCD may not increase occurrence of vulvovaginitis, but IVD does increase vaginal infection rate either with or without IUCD use. When vaginal infection happens with IUCD, BV is the most common type of infection followed by Candida albicans.
Autism with co-occurring epilepsy care pathway in Europe
Authors: Mendez Maria A. , Canitano Roberto , Oakley Bethany , San José-Cáceres Antonia , Tinelli Michela , Knapp Martin , Cusack James , Parellada Mara , Violland Pierre , Derk Plas Jan R. , Murphy Declan G. M. , Quoidbach Vinciane , Arango Celso
Published: July 2023

Background

Autism and epilepsy often occur together. Epilepsy and other associated conditions have a substantial impact on the well-being of autistic people and their families, reduce quality of life, and increase premature mortality. Despite this, there is a lack of studies investigating the care pathway of autistic children with co-occurring epilepsy in Europe.

Methods

We analyzed the care pathway for autistic children with associated epilepsy in Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom from the perspective of caregivers (using a survey aimed at caregivers of autistic children 0–18 years old), the autistic community, and professionals, in order to identify major barriers preventing caregivers and autistic children from receiving timely screening and treatment of possible co-occurring epilepsy.

Results

Across all three countries, an analysis of the current care pathway showed a lack of systematic screening of epilepsy in all autistic children, lack of treatment of co-occurring epilepsy, and inappropriate use of antiepileptic drugs. A major challenge is the lack of evidence-based harmonized guidelines for autism with co-occurring epilepsy in these countries.

Conclusions

Our findings show both heterogeneity and major gaps in the care pathway for autism with associated epilepsy and the great efforts that caregivers must make for timely screening, diagnosis, and adequate management of epilepsy in autistic children. We call for policy harmonization in Europe in order to improve the experiences and quality of life of autistic people and their families.
Women's groups, covariate shocks, and resilience: An evidence synthesis of past shocks to inform a response to COVID-19
Authors: Walcott Rebecca , Schmidt Carly , Kaminsky Marina , Singh Roopal Jyoti , Anderson Leigh , Desai Sapna , de Hoop Thomas
Published: July 2023

Background: Interventions with women’s groups are increasingly seen as an important strategy for advancing women’s empowerment, health, and economic outcomes in low- and middle-income countries, with the potential to increase the resiliency of members and their communities during widespread covariate shocks, such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: This evidence synthesis compiles evidence from past shocks on women’s group activities and the extent to which women’s groups mitigate the effects of shocks on members and communities. We reviewed 90 documents from academic databases, organizational reports, and additional gray literature, and included literature diverse in geography, type of women’s group, and shock.

Results: The literature suggests that covariate shocks tend to disrupt group activities and reduce group resources, but linkages to formal institutions can mitigate this impact by extending credit beyond the shock-affected resource pool. Evidence was largely supportive of women’s groups providing resilience to members and communities, though findings varied according to shock severity, group purpose and structure, and outcome measures. Further, actions to support individual resilience during a shock, such as increased payment flexibility, may run counter to group resilience. The findings of the evidence synthesis are largely consistent with emerging evidence about women’s groups and COVID-19 in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa.

Conclusions: We finalize the paper with a discussion on policy implications, including the importance of sustainable access to financial resources for women’s group members; equity considerations surrounding the distribution of group benefits and burdens; and the potential for meaningful partnerships between women’s groups and local governments and/or non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to enhance community response amidst crises.
Resilience Messaging: The Effect of Governors’ Social Media Communications on Community Compliance During a Public Health Crisis
Authors: Mousavi Reza , Gu Bin
Published: July 2023

Research Spotlight:

Breaking new ground in crisis management, our study unveils the game-changing power of social media for community leaders. Scrutinizing social media posts from U.S. governors and supported by controlled experiments, we’ve delivered tangible tips for supercharging their messages, increasing effectiveness by 12%.

Wondering how we gauge effectiveness? It’s all about the community heeding government advice. Picture a governor issuing a hurricane warning on Twitter, urging locals to take cover or flee. Our study reveals a secret weapon for boosting compliance: embedding resilience in social media messages. This approach enables leaders to convince residents taking shelter or evacuating, a potentially lifesaving tactic in our era of escalating natural disasters. The benefits don’t stop at safety. Leaders wielding resilience messages can also win hearts, earning themselves a reputation as charismatic inspirations in their community. Saving lives and gaining popularity at the same time!

Harnessing cutting-edge Large Language Models (i.e. ChatGPT and its AI siblings), we developed a tool for leaders to analyze content and craft effective social media posts for crisis management before going live. Give it a whirl at https://huggingface.co/spaces/paragon-analytics/ResText .
Predictors of Turkish individuals’ online shopping adoption: An empirical study on regional difference
Authors: Ünver Şeyda , Aydemir Ahmet Fatih , Alkan Ömer
Published: July 2023

E-commerce is a result of the most recent technological advancements which has liberated trade on a global scale and further facilitated the communication of information. The purpose of this study is to research the differences in the usage of e-commerce among individuals living in regions of different levels of development in Türkiye and to determine the relationship between demographic, economic and personal characteristics and the e-commerce usage of individuals. In this study, the micro data set obtained from the Household Information Technologies Use Survey was used. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors related to the e-commerce usage of individuals. As a result of the study, it was detected that the variables; education level, level of income, age, gender, occupation, social media use, engagement in information search about products and services online, engagement in selling products or services online, use of online banking, and e-government use are related to e-commerce usage. The study found that the variables affecting e-commerce usage differ by region. It is necessary to expand the internet by improving the information and communication technology infrastructure in low development regions to facilitate the development the use of e-commerce in these regions. Therefore, when looking for information on e-commerce, relevant regional initiatives should be considered. In developing countries, expanding e-commerce to low development areas requires more than just facilitating access to the internet.
Enhancing the thermostability of Streptomyces cyaneofuscatus strain Ms1 tyrosinase by multi-factors rational design and molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Li Zhengtao , Zhao Chen , Li Duanhua , Wang Lu
Published: July 2023

This study presents a multi-factor rational design strategy combined with molecular dynamics simulation to improve the thermostability of Streptomyces cyaneofuscatus strain Ms1 tyrosinase. Candidate mutation sites were identified using Discovery Studio and FoldX software, and the double mutant G124W/G137W was obtained. The mutant was heterogeneously expressed in Escherichia coli strain Rosetta2 (DE3), and its thermostability was verified. Results indicate that the rational design method, combined with molecular dynamics simulation and protein energy calculation, improved the enzyme’s thermostability more accurately and effectively. The double mutant G124W/G137W had an optimum temperature of 60°C, about 5.0°C higher than that of the wild-type TYRwt, and its activity was 171.06% higher than the wild-type TYRwt. Its thermostability was enhanced, 42.78% higher than the wild-type at 50°C. These findings suggest that the rational design strategy applied in this study can facilitate the application of industrial enzymes in the pharmaceutical industry.
Nintedanib-Induced Gastric Antral Vascular Ectasia in Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Authors: Takahashi Taku , Sato Yasushi , Kashihara Takanori , Miyata Yoshihiro , Fujino Yasuteru , Mitsui Yasuhiro , Okamoto Koichi , Miyamoto Hiroshi , Nishioka Yasuhiko , Takayama Tetsuji
Published: July 2023

Gastric antral vascular ectasia (GAVE) is a rare cause of gastrointestinal bleeding. However, its association with nintedanib use, antifibrotic therapy for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), has not been reported. We present 2 cases of GAVE that were presumed to be secondary to nintedanib use in patients with IPF. Both patients experienced anemia, one of which had hematemesis. GAVE diagnosis was confirmed by upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Moreover, successful treatment was achieved with endoscopic argon plasma coagulation. These cases highlight the importance of considering GAVE as a potential cause of anemia and upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with IPF receiving nintedanib.
Die Bestimmung regionaler Innovationsdisparitäten
Authors: Pfirrmann Oliver
Published: July 2023

In der regionalwissenschaftlichen Diskussion ist unbestritten, daß es Unterschiede in der Verteilung von FuE- und Innovationsaktivitäten durch Industrie und wissenschaftliche Einrichtungen gibt. Offen erscheinen indes die Fragen, wie gravierend diese Unterschiede einzuschätzen sind und welche Indikatoren bzw. Meßgrößen zur Bestimmung regionaler Innovationsdisparitäten verwendbar sind.Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden empirisch gestützte Studien diskutiert, die zeigen, daß es in diesem Forschungsfeld unterschiedliche Vorgehensweisen und eine Vielzahl von Indikatoren zur Bestimmung regionaler FuE- und Innovationsunterschiede gibt. Komplementär zu diesen Studien werden anhand einer empirischen Basis von über 18.000 innovierenden kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen eigene Ergebnisse einer Analyse von Indikatoren zur Bestimmung regionaler FuE- und Innovationsdisparitäten vorgestellt.
Inhibitory effect of organic acids on human neutrophil myeloperoxidase’s peroxidation, chlorination, and nitration activities
Authors: Sarkarati Bahram
Published: July 2023

Objectives

Myeloperoxidase from polymorphonuclear leukocytes is an important enzyme in oxidative metabolism and has a key role in tissue injuries in oxidative stress and inflammatory conditions. Therefore, its inhibitors have become the focus of studies on new drug development in recent years. The aim of the study was to determine the inhibitory effect of organic acids on the peroxidation, chlorination, and nitration activities of myeloperoxidase.

Methods

Seven organic acids naturally abundant in plants were tested. Different activities of myeloperoxidase were measured in the presence of various amounts of organic acids, and inhibition rates and kinetic parameters were determined for each organic acid separately.

Results

All the organic acids examined had inhibitory effects on the different activities of myeloperoxidase. Comparison of the IC50 values obtained for peroxidation, chlorination, and nitration activities showed that oxalic acid was the strongest inhibitor of myeloperoxidase activity, while citric acid and succinic acid were the weakest.

Conclusions

The results suggested that all the organic acids examined are inhibitors of myeloperoxidase. In particular, oxalic acid and fumaric acid are popular candidates for drug development research. More studies are needed to determine the in vivo effects of organic acids and their effects in the treatment of disease.
Nostalgia for the Future
Authors: Nono Luigi
Published: July 2023

This is the first collection in English of the writings and interviews of Luigi Nono (1924–1990). One of the most prominent figures in the development of new music after World War II, he is renowned for both his compositions and his utopian views. His many essays and lectures reveal an artist at the center of the analytical, theoretical, critical, and political debates of the time. This selection of Nono's most significant essays, articles, and interviews covers his entire career (1948–1989), faithfully mirroring the interests, orientations, continuities, and fractures of a complex and unique personality. His writings illuminate his intensive involvements with theatre, painting, literature, politics, science, and even mysticism. Nono's words make vividly evident his restless quest for the transformative possibilities of a radical musical experience, one that is at the same time profoundly engaged with its performers and spaces, its audiences, and its human and social motivations and ramifications.
La crisis de confianza y el balance de poder entre Irán y las Grandes Potencias en la “cuestión nuclear”
Authors: Garduño Moisés
Published: July 2023

Las negociaciones entre Irán y las Grandes Potencias en la denominada “cuestión nuclear” han llegado a un punto casi muerto debido a una “crisis de confianza” entre las partes involucradas por lo que las expectativas de cada encuentro son cada vez más bajas desde los primeros acercamientos en 2005. Pero más allá de la confianza que uno u otro actor se pueda tener, el fracaso de las negociaciones responde más al posible desequilibrio de poder que un Irán nuclear pueda ocasionar no solo en el Golfo Pérsico sino también en todo Oriente Medio, minando los intereses de las potencias extraterritoriales en dichas zonas. Revisar puntualmente estos intereses es el objeto de este artículo.AbstractTalks between Great Powers and Iran in the so-called “nuclear issue” have turned an impasse. The failure of this process is attributed to a crisis of confidence between involved parties which has caused low expectations in each meeting since 2005 up to now. But we think that this failure responds more to the breaking balance of power in Middle East and Persian Gulf regions than a simple lack of trust in each other. This imbalance can come with a nuclear Iran which would affect the interest of extraterritorial states in those zones. So, the purpose of this paper will be clarifying these issues.
Nutritional characterisation of homemade beef sausage based on amino acid, biogenic amines, and fatty acid composition
Authors: Berisha K. , Gashi A. , Mednyánszky Zs. , Bytyqi H. , Simon Sarkadi L.
Published: July 2023

The aim of this study was to assess the nutritional quality of homemade beef sausages by examining the amino acid, biogenic amine, and fatty acid composition. The most abundant amino acids were Ala (15.56%), Leu (13.28%), Gly (8.64%), Pro (8.41%), Ser (8.26%), and Val (7.65%). The essential amino acids accounted for 44.30% of total amino acids. Apart from the protein building amino acids, the free amino acid content was relatively high, accounting for 10% of total amino acid content. The average biogenic amine concentration in the sausage samples was low (1.69 mg kg−1). Saturated fatty acids accounted for 59.10% of total fatty acids, followed by monounsaturated (38.63%) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (2.27%). The fatty acid profile was dominated by oleic (C18:1, 34.37%) and palmitic (C16:0, 30.24%) acids, and short-chain fatty acids were also present, which may have a positive impact on gut health. The results show that beef sausages have a high nutritional value and are a good source of essential amino acids, free amino acids, and fatty acids that are important for human health.
Dilemmas with Disciplinary Hierarchies and Ideals of Scientific Research in the Study of Religion
Authors: Peedu Indrek
Published: July 2023

While strictly conceptual matters have dominated much of the discussion concerning religion as an object of scientific research, different understandings of the scientific character of the study of religion have also always had a significant role in the scholarly self-understanding. Here two significant conceptualizations of this scientific character—that of the so-called new scientificity (as advocated mostly by scholars from the cognitive science of religion) as well as that of the comparative history of religion—are described in detail and then thoroughly analyzed and criticized. It will be shown how both conceptualizations face problems, but those of the new scientificity are significantly more serious. Lastly, some more general reflections will be offered concerning the significance of these matters for the study of religion overall.
Revising National Myths Through Queer Kinship in Percival Everett’s Wounded
Authors: Nolan-Brueck Sarah
Published: July 2023

This article reads Percival Everett’s 2009 novel Wounded as a narrative of new regionalism that engages with coalitional politics and reimagines important figures in the Western genre, such as masculinity, the family, and the frontier. By engaging with the remediation of Matthew Shepard’s murder, Everett refutes the power of metronormative narratives and showcases the ways in which crossing social boundaries can create inclusive community in places considered hostile to queer individuals. While many binaries are displaced in the novel, ultimately those of backward/progressive and us/them are reasserted, which displays the frontier’s powerful conceptual hold on the Western genre. The novel, however, does imagine a new role regionalism can play in imagining an American identity—a role that eschews more traditional, individualistic depictions of cowboy masculinity and instead emphasizes collectivity and responsibility toward others that accepts difference in favor of a broader ethic of care.
Using Minimum Connected Dominating Set for Mobile sink path planning in Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Taleb Anas Abu
Published: July 2023

Wireless sensor networks are a motivating area of research and have a variety of applications. Given that these networks are anticipated to function without supervision for extended periods, there is a need to propose techniques to enhance the performance of these networks without consuming the essential resource sensor nodes have, which is their battery energy. In this paper, we propose a new sink node mobility model based on calculating the minimum connected dominating set of a network. As a result, instead of visiting all of the static sensor nodes in the network, the mobile sink will visit a small number or fraction of static sensor nodes to gather data and report it to the base station. The proposed model's performance was examined through simulation using the NS-2 simulator with various network sizes and mobile sink speeds. Finally, the proposed model's performance was evaluated using a variety of performance metrics, including End-To-End delay, packet delivery ratio, throughput, and overall energy consumption as a percentage.
Analysis the Need of Machine Learning in Predicting the Mechanical Properties of Nanomaterials Model
Authors: Pandey Rohit
Published: July 2023

Nanomaterials have gained significant attention in various fields due to their unique properties and potential applications. However, accurately predicting the mechanical properties of nanomaterials remains a challenging task due to their complex structures and size-dependent behaviour. In recent years, machine learning techniques have emerged as powerful tools for predicting material properties, including the mechanical behaviour of nanomaterials. This paper presents an analysis of the need for machine learning in predicting the mechanical properties of nanomaterials. The limitations of traditional approaches, such as empirical models and atomistic simulations, are discussed, highlighting their inability to capture the intricate interactions at the nanoscale. The inherent uncertainty and complexity associated with nanomaterials necessitate more efficient and accurate prediction methods.

Machine learning algorithms offer a promising solution by leveraging large datasets and learning patterns from the available data. Through the use of feature extraction and selection techniques, machine learning models can identify the key parameters influencing the mechanical properties of nanomaterials. Additionally, these models can handle high-dimensional datasets and nonlinear relationships, which are commonly encountered in nanomaterials research. The paper further explores the application of various machine learning techniques, including regression models, support vector machines, random forests, and neural networks, in predicting the mechanical properties of nanomaterials. Examples of recent studies are presented to illustrate the successful implementation of these techniques in different nanomaterial systems, such as carbon nanotubes, graphene, and metal nanoparticles.

The analysis considers the challenges and limitations associated with machine learning-based predictions, including the need for large and diverse datasets, potential overfitting, and the interpretability of models. Strategies to address these challenges, such as data augmentation, model regularization, and uncertainty quantification, are discussed. In conclusion, machine learning techniques provide a valuable approach for predicting the mechanical properties of nanomaterials. They offer improved accuracy, efficiency, and scalability compared to traditional methods, enabling researchers to explore and design novel nanomaterials with desired mechanical properties. The further research is needed to address the existing challenges and enhance the interpretability and robustness of machine learning models in this domain.
Methods for fully connecting IoT gadgets to LTE networks
Authors: Bhandari Bina
Published: July 2023

Connecting IoT devices to an architecture that allows for smooth transitions between services is becoming more important as the number of IoT-enabled devices in use grows. The number of internet-connected devices is expected to skyrocket from its current 10-billion strong to 34 billion by 2020.As time goes on, LTE systems become the ideal companion for meeting these evolving service needs. However, the signalling overhead in IoT systems will expand exponentially with the forthcoming expansion in the number of IoT devices. As a result, LTE systems' signalling overhead will rise. Due to the increasing number of exchanges between the transmitter and receiver, the current protocol stack of the LTE systems is not best adapted to manage the signalling traffic produced by the IoT devices. This suggested method not only boosts the speed of video flows but also improves the Quality of Service (QoS) of voice streaming via the Internet of Things. Even with the addition of IoT Traffic, numerical results demonstrated that the suggested strategy was able to boost overall system throughput. A crucial aspect of LTE-A systems is their ability to integrate seamlessly with other networks, which was made possible by the protocol stack and the scheduling mechanism.
Design and Optimization of a FPGA Area Efficient Present Cryptographic Architecture for IoT Node
Authors: Sivaraman HimaniI
Published: July 2023

Lightweight symmetric cyphers are crucial for securing constrained computing networks like the Internet of Things and wireless sensor networks. Traditional cryptographic algorithms are quite resource-intensive. IoT does not make use of these kinds of algorithms. Traditional cryptographic algorithms have to worry about the limited environment and the key size since they increase the complexity of the method. The data is hacked during the wireless transmission from one device to another. The LCS-PRESENT architecture suggested in this study is a mix of the LCS circuit and the PRESENT block. Utilisations of FPGA, including Lookup Tables (LUTs), flip-flops, slices, and frequency, are used in the assessment of the architecture's performance. Using a lookup table, we may construct the key module with less space requirements. By encrypting and decrypting an LCS-PRESENT block, the XILINX tool may be used to assess the security of a system. This study uses a hardware-level encryption technique with an 80-bit key for 64-bit input data. The primary actions of the PRESENT block are key rotation and key replacement. In order to encrypt a picture, it is necessary to switch keys, rotate keys, and generate a digital-based key for use in key rotation and replacement. It provides a lot of protection against threats, so your data is safer. In this study, we employ the Xilinx 14.2 ISE tool, the Verilog HDL programming language, and the FPGA tool to create the LCS-PRESENT architecture. This tool is used to evaluate the efficiency and precision of a building's design. Performance metrics for LUTs, flip-flops, and slices are compared to those of standard, cryptographic methods. Existing and prospective designs' FPGA performances are compared..
Vitamin D in rehabilitation of older patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and laryngeal cancer
Authors: Velikaya Olga V. , Nedomolkin Sergei V. , Nedomolkina Svetlana A.
Published: July 2023

AIM: To examine the clinical efficacy of vitamin D in the complex rehabilitation of older patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and laryngeal cancer.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The open, prospective, randomized, and controlled study enrolled 63 patients with stage II COPD and stage II laryngeal cancer with vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency. The main group consisted of 32 patients who took vitamin D in corrective and maintenance doses for 12 months. The control group consisted of 31 patients with similar comorbid pathology who did not take vitamin D. Cytokine status (interleukin-4, interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor-), C-reactive protein (CRP), and coagulation indices were studied. Dyspnea severity was assessed according to the visual analog scale and mMRC scale, and functional abilities were assessed according to the 6-min walking test. Standard statistical methods were used to process the results.
RESULTS: The mean vitamin D levels in patients with laryngeal cancer and COPD were 17.01.1 and 17.11.3 ng/mL in the main and control group, respectively. On admission, all patients had increased activity of proinflammatory serum cytokines, decreased activity of anti-inflammatory cytokines, increased levels of CRP, and hypercoagulation. An improvement in the balance of cytokine status was noted in the main group after 12 months, whereas the imbalance persisted in the control group. At 12 months, the CRP level significantly decreased in the main group in comparison with pretreatment data (3.470.77 mg/L, p=0.02), and in the 6-min walking test, the distance walked increased in comparison with the initial data (244.4311.25 m, p 0.01).
CONCLUSION: Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency in patients with COPD and laryngeal cancer promotes cytokine level imbalance, chronic inflammation, and reduced functional capacity. The administration of vitamin D in corrective and maintenance doses for 12 months helped reduce the activity of chronic inflammation markers, normalize cytokine levels, and improve exercise tolerance. Rehabilitation programs for older people should consider including vitamin D supplementation to reduce the risk of COPD exacerbations.
Experience of distance learning of a multidisciplinary approach in the management of an elderly patient with a low-energy fracture
Authors: Lesnyak Olga M. , Frolova Elena V. , Turusheva Anna V. , Gladkova Elena N.
Published: July 2023

BACKGROUND: In the Russian Federation, high mortality and unsatisfactory treatment results of elderly and senile patients with low-energy fractures have been noted. Urgent implementation of a systematic approach to the treatment and prevention of osteoporotic fractures is needed, for which it is necessary to train a large number of medical professionals involved in care of these patients.
AIM: To create a distance learning course demonstrating the importance and effectiveness of a multidisciplinary approach to the management of an elderly patient with a fracture and to evaluate its effectiveness.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The course used the TeleECHO technology based on the analysis of specific clinical cases by a multidisciplinary team of experts. Active interaction with the audience was carried out through interactive voting. The evaluation of the effectiveness of training was carried out using a questionnaire conducted before and after the course.
RESULTS: The training was attended by doctors and health care managers from 208 regions of the Russian Federation, as well as 10 other countries, most of whom were orthopedic surgeons. A survey conducted before the course showed an unsatisfactory audiences understanding of current approaches to the care for elderly people with fractures. Upon completion of the training, most of the participants mastered the principles of the orthogeriatric approach and were ready to implement them into their practice. 94% of the attendees expressed their willingness to participate in future sessions on this topic.
CONCLUSIONS: Distance learning of the principles of a multidisciplinary approach in the health care for elderly patients with low-energy fractures, based on participation of trainees in the discussion of specific clinical cases along with experts, will allow the widespread introduction of current principles of orthogeriatrics into clinical practice.
Effect of Implantation of a new Domestic Prosthesis in the Aortic Position on the Quality of Life of Patients With Degenerative Aortic Stenose, Survival Assessment and Development of Complications 1 Year Post-Surgery
Authors: Kosovskikh E. А. , Petlin K. А. , Lelik E. V. , Kozlov Boris N.
Published: July 2023

Aim      To evaluate quality of life (QoL), general survival, and development of complications in patents one year after surgical aortic valve (AV) replacement with a MedInzh-BIO xenopericardial carcass prosthesis.

Material and methods  Degenerative AV disease is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases that gives place only to ischemic heart disease. Surgical correction of the AV defect should be aimed not only at hemodynamic outcomes but also at improvement of QoL. This study included 91 patients (48 women and 43 men), who were implanted with a MedInzh-BIO biological xenopericardial prosthesis in aortic position from January 2017 through March 2020. Mean age of patients was 69.96±4.4 years. QoL was evaluated with a standard SF-36 questionnaire. Also, survival and complications were analyzed one year after surgery.

Results Data analysis before and one year after surgery showed a significant improvement of QoL. Postoperative one-year survival was 95.4 %, and major valve-associated complications were absent in 94.5% of cases. During one year, four patients died after 1, 6, 8, and 10 months of follow-up, respectively.

Conclusion      The improvement of QoL following the AV replacement with a novel xenopericardial carcass prosthesis with the “easy change” system indicates the clinical and functional effectiveness of the used method. The results of the study demonstrated improvements of both the physical health component and the subjective emotional assessment. Postoperative one-year survival was 95.4 %, and major valve-associated complications were absent in 94.5% of cases.
Myocardial revascularization in chronic coronary artery disease. State of art
Authors: Popova N. V. , Popov V. A. , Revishvili A. S.
Published: July 2023

The review addresses debatable issues of myocardial revascularization in chronic forms of ischemic heart disease, shows major differences between percutaneous coronary intervention and coronary artery bypass grafting in terms of long-term prognosis, and the dependence of the results on the clinical profile of the disease. The review of current publications demonstrates advantages of open surgery in long-term survival and prevention of adverse outcomes in target groups of patients.
Association of coronary microvascular dysfunction and cardiac muscle injury in acute myocardial infarction: results of comparison of dynamic SPECT and cardiac MRI
Authors: Mochula A. V. , Mochula O. V. , Maltseva A. N. , Suleymanova A. S. , Cygikalo A. A. , Ryabov V. V. , Zavadovsky K. V.
Published: July 2023

Aim      To study the interrelation of changes in coronary microcirculation by data of dynamic single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and myocardial injury by data of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Material and methods  The study included patients admitted to the emergency cardiology department with new-onset AMI. Contrast-enhanced cardiac MRI was performed for all patients on day 2-7 of admission. Dynamic SPECT of the myocardium with evaluation of semiquantitative and quantitative parameters of perfusion was performed on day 7-10.

Results All patients were divided into two groups based on the type of MR contrast agent accumulation: 1) patients with the ischemic type of contrast enhancement (n=34; 62 %); 2) patients with the non-ischemic type of contrast enhancement (n=21; 38 %). According to data of myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS), the group of ischemic MR pattern had larger perfusion defects at rest and during a stress test. Moreover, this group was characterized by lower global stress-induced blood flow and absolute and relative myocardial flow reserve (MFR). When the study group was divided into patients with transmural (n=32; 58 %) and non-transmural (n=23; 42 %) accumulation of the MR-contrast agent, lower values of global stress-induced blood flow and of absolute and relative MFR were observed in the group of transmural MR-enhancement pattern. A moderate inverse correlation was found between the stress-induced myocardial blood flow and the volume of myocardial edema (r= –0.47), infarct area (r= –0.48) and microvascular obstruction area (r= –0.38).

Conclusion      The variables of dynamic SPECT characterizing microcirculatory disorders that are independent on or due to injuries of the epicardial coronary vasculature reflect the severity and depth of structural changes of the myocardium in AMI. In this process, quantitative variables of myocardial perfusion are interrelated with the myocardial injury more closely than semiquantitative MPS indexes. The findings of the present study can also contribute to the heterogenicity of a patient group with acute coronary syndrome and AMI. Further study is required for understanding the prognostic significance of dynamic SPECT parameters.
Nouns of religion semantic on -nik in the Russian language of the XVIII century (exemplified by lexicographic works of civil press)
Authors: Feliksov S.V. S.V.
Published: July 2023

The article deals with the history of religious style formation in the Russian language. In the article carried out a comprehensive linguistic analysis of the names of nouns of religious semantics on -nik, recorded in the XVIII century Russian lexicographic works of civil press, which provide detailed representation of confessional vocabulary. The relevance of the study is due to the absence to date of special linguistic studies related to the study of the names of nouns of religious semantics on -nik, as well as functional significance of this class of words for the formation of religious style of the Russian language of the XVIII century. The work used methods of stylistic, morpheme-word-forming, grammatical, thematic, etymological and definition analysis, as well as the method of semantic field and statistical one. In the course of the study, the word-forming and semantic features of religious entities on the -nik were analyzed, their lexical and grammatical categories and thematic groups were described, within these groups neoplasms of the XVIII century were identified. It has been established that substance religionists are characterized by a system of complex word-forming relations, correlating with derogatory or verbal basic foundations, and for the most part are monosemantic specific names denoting male persons. It is shown that derivatives on the -nik having a verbal base as a basic base are mainly designated persons by action or professional functions performed, and derivatives with a basic base are called persons by rank, position or characteristic, and also indicate an object having a certain purpose. It is noted that the nouns of religious semantics in -nik firmly took their place in the lexical system of the religious style of the Russian language of the XVIII century, forming in it a special layer of a specific confessional vocabulary.
Formation of professional self-attitude among students – sports teachers
Authors: Burkhanovа I. Yu. , Bystritskaya E. V.
Published: July 2023

The article deals with the problem of formation of professional self-attitude among student-athletes in the process of professional training. The essence of the concept of self-relationship is presented, its structural components of the professional self-relationship of a sports teacher are revealed. Functions and principles of formation of professional self-attitude at the stage of semantic transition from the status of an athlete to a coach are determined. Selected educational technologies that contribute to the development of professional self-attitude of a sports teacher. The specificity of the activity of future sports teachers is noted, which implies awareness of oneself as a visitor to a certain culture. Two subsystems of self-attitude are presented in comparison according to its aspects. It is proved that professionally oriented thinking is associated with self-attitude and allows you to show individuality to achieve positive sports results.
Language-and-culture personal features of students in multicultural environment of Russian universities
Authors: Varlamova E. Yu.
Published: July 2023

The purposes of educational activities at Russian universities include development of the students national self-identity and influence on their personal civic citizenship. Being involved in the educational activities at a Russian university, a person is under the influence of multicultural environment. The language-and-culture personalities can be represented with both the qualities, which are typical for bearers of the host national culture, and the features that are typical for bearers of foreign cultures. The mentioned facts have led to the scientific theme with the following problem: what are the features which a person as a bearer of their host national culture possesses, and what are the directions of the foreign-language teaching of students in the multicultural environment, created for development of the personal national self-identity? The following groups of research methods have been applied: theoretical methods (analysis and synthesis, systematization) and empirical ones (questionnaire, generalization of experience). Based on the analysis of theoretical studies we have determined the features of multicultural educational environment, influencing the language-and-culture personalities at a university, the students civic citizenship and the qualities, which are typical for a bearer of the host national culture. Taking into account the results of scientific researches, devoted to the classifications and descriptions of cultures (including the Russian culture), we have conducted a survey with a questionnaire, in which the students of Moscow universities participated. The summarized results of the survey have confirmed that the students possess features, which are both typical of the bearers of the host native national culture and also ones that describe bearers of other (or foreign) cultures. The analysis of empirical data has made it possible to define the directions of educational activities, applied in professional up-bringing, realizing the content of foreign-language teaching, developing the technological issues (tactics and strategies of professional behavior)
El desplome electoral de la democracia cristiana chilena, 1989-2021
Authors: Herrera Mario , Morales Quiroga Mauricio , Rayo Gustavo
Published: July 2023

En este artículo se analiza el deterioro electoral del Partido Demócrata Cristiano (pdc) chileno, que cayó del 26% de los votos en las elecciones inaugurales de la democracia en 1989, al 4.2% en las legislativas de 2021. Sugerimos tres factores explicativos. Primero, que si bien la base electoral del pdc siempre fue predominantemente católica, desde mediados de la primera década de los dos mil, los partidos de derecha han competido con dicho partido y con éxito parcial en este núcleo de electores. Segundo, que dicho partido ha sido históricamente de centro, pero desde fines de los noventa ha enfrentado la competencia de los partidos de izquierda por estos votantes. Tercero, que las facciones internas del pdc pasaron de una dinámica cooperativa a una disruptiva, con acelerados cambios de directivas y fuga de militantes. Malos resultados para las elecciones presidenciales de 2017 y 2021, con un 5.9% y un 11.6%, respectivamente.
Los derechos sociales en la perspectiva del reconocimiento
Authors: Sembler Camilo
Published: July 2023

Los derechos sociales han sido vistos con frecuencia únicamente como demandas de igualdad, a menudo incluso en tensión con las libertades individuales. En este ensayo, por el contrario, desde la perspectiva teórica del reconocimiento, se busca explorar una posible justificación de los derechos sociales en nombre de la libertad. En primer lugar, se examina en qué sentido es posible considerar a las experiencias de injusticia social como restricciones injustificadas de las libertades individuales. Enseguida se discuten dos modelos de justificación de los derechos sociales: uno basado en la idea de autonomía pública y otro en la idea de autonomía privada. Finalmente, se propone una justificación alternativa de los derechos sociales que subraya su significado para experiencias cooperativas de libertad.
Ordinary differential equations and differential equations with delay: general properties and features
Authors: Borzov Nikita S. , Zhukovskaia Tatiana V. , Serova Irina D.
Published: July 2023

We consider the differential equation with delay
x ̇(t)=f(t,x(h(t) ) ), t≥0, x(s)=φ(s), s<0,
with respect to an unknown function x absolutely continuous on every finite interval. It is assumed that the function f:R_+×R→R is superpositionally measurable, the functions φ:(-∞,0)→R, h:R_+→R are measurable, and h(t)≤t for a. e. t≥0. If the more burdensome inequality h(t)≤t-τ holds for some τ>0, then the Cauchy problem for this equation is uniquely solvable and any solution can be extended to the semiaxis R_+. At the same time, the Cauchy problem for the corresponding differential equation
x ̇(t)=f(t,x(t) ), t≥0,
may have infinitely many solutions, and the maximum interval of existence of solutions may be finite. In the article, we investigate which of the listed properties a delay equation possesses (i.e. has a unique solution or infinitely many solutions, has finite or infinite maximum interval of existence of solutions), if the function h has only one “critical’’ point t_0≥0, a point for which the measure of the set {t∈(t_0-ε,t_0+ε)∩R_+:h(t)>t-ε} is positive for any ε>0. It turns out that for such a delay function, the properties of solutions are close to those of solutions of an ordinary differential equation. In addition, we consider the problem of the dependence of solutions of a delay equation on the function h.
Improvement of the State Verification Schedule for Flow and Quantity Measuring Instruments
Authors: Korneev R. A.
Published: July 2023

The article describes the historical and metrological aspects of the development of a system of metrological support of means and systems for measuring the flow and amount of liquid in the field of state regulation of ensuring the uniformity of measurements. The expediency of the method of indirect measurements in the transfer of units of flow and the amount of liquid for verification installations with weighing devices is substantiated, taking into account the sources of uncertainty due to dynamic influencing factors on the metrological characteristics of verification installations with weighing devices along with the methods of direct comparison and comparison using a comparison standard. The methodological approaches used in the presence of impacts on the static model of measuring the flow rate and amount of liquid due to dynamic changes in the main parameters of the liquid flow (fluctuations in the flow rate, temperature, pressure of the liquid in the pressure pipeline) and hydrodynamic features when the liquid flow flows out of the nozzle of the flow switch nozzle (formation a uniform velocity profile, and the degree of liquid filling of the nozzle exit).