bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dolor torácico agudo en pacientes jóvenes: reporte de dos casos
Authors: Fuentes Eduardo José , Mercedes Jessica Mirella , Rivera Sánchez Moisés Edilberto
Published: July 2023

Se presentan dos casos clínicos de pacientes jóvenes con dolor torácico agudo, en ellos, el enfoque multidisciplinario y la resonancia magnética cardíaca jugaron un papel crucial en el diagnóstico y tratamiento. Presentación del caso 1. Un paciente de 20 años con dolor precordial y palpitaciones que mostró elevación de los niveles de enzimas cardíacas en los exámenes de laboratorio. La angiografía coronaria no reveló estenosis significativas. Sin embargo, se confirmó el diagnóstico de miocarditis a través de la resonancia magnética cardíaca, lo que llevó al inicio del tratamiento con medicamentos para lograr una función cardíaca adecuada y la prevención del progreso de la enfermedad. Su evolución clínica fue favorable.Presentación del caso 2. Un paciente de 19 años que presentó un dolor torácico intenso que se irradiaba al brazo izquierdo y mandíbula. Los exámenes de laboratorio reportaron elevación de los niveles de troponinas, que generaron la sospecha de un síndrome coronario agudo. La resonancia magnética cardíaca confirmó el diagnóstico de un infarto agudo de miocardio, y la angiografía coronaria reveló una estenosis significativa en la arteria descendente anterior y una ectasia subsiguiente. Durante la hospitalización, se brindó un enfoque terapéutico integral con la administración de medicamentos, monitoreo, control del dolor y prevención de complicaciones, y el paciente mostró una evolución clínica favorable.
The Role of Competence, Psychological Capital, and Intrinsic Motivation Interventions in Influencing Teacher Performance in the Era of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Diarta Luthfita Ayu , Saluy Ahmad Badawy
Published: July 2023

Article history:Received: Revised: Accepted:

 

Keywords: Competence, Psychological Capital, Intrinsic Motivation, Teacher PerformancePurpose – This research aims to determine the role of competence and psychological capital and their impact on teacher performance directly or indirectly via intrinsic motivation, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic era. Methodology/approach – This research method is causal quantitative using a saturated sample of 121 teachers at SD Yayasan Al Azhar Lampung. Using SEM-PLS as a data analysis method with the SmartPLS 3.2.9 application. Findings – It found a positive and significant role of competency on teacher performance, competency on intrinsic motivation, psychological capital on intrinsic motivation, and intrinsic motivation on teacher performance. Then, the role of psychological capital is not positive and not significant for teacher performance. Also, the indirect relationship formed from this research path is that intrinsic motivation plays a positive and significant role in the relationship between teacher competence to teacher performance, and intrinsic motivation plays a positive and significant role in the relationship between psychological capital and teacher performance. Novelty/value – Motivation intrinsic proven that it can intervene between psychological and teacher performance. Cause without intrinsic motivation, psychological capital hasn't impact on teacher performance.
Applications of artificial intelligence systems
Authors: Prorok Máté
Published: July 2023

Nowadays artificial intelligence is a rapidly developing technology that encompasses the development of intelligent algorithms and machines capable of learning. Therefore, it is relevant and timely to examine the topic. These artificial intelligence algorithms and machines have the ability to perform tasks that traditionally relied on human intelligence in the past. This study provides an in-depth exploration of artificial intelligence systems and their key components. It examines various aspects of artificial intelligence systems, including natural language processing, machine learning, detection and pattern recognition, and knowledge representation and other form of artificial intelligence systems. Natural language processing enables machines to understand and generate human language, while machine learning empowers systems to learn from data and improve their performance over time. Detection and pattern recognition allow artificial intelligence systems to interpret and understand complex sensory inputs, while knowledge representation enables the storage and utilization of information. Furthermore, other form of artificial intelligence systems will be also discussed. This study sheds light on the fundamental elements of artificial intelligence systems, paving the way for their practical applications and advancements.
RELEVANCE AND IMPORTANCE OF TRANSITION TO INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS IN UZBEKISTAN
Authors: Aralov Sabir
Published: July 2023

This article describes the relevance and importance of the transition of international financial reporting standards (IFRS) in Uzbekistan, today against the backdrop of the integration of the world economy. Based on foreign experience, taking into account the positive aspects and advantages of organizing our national accounting system on the basis of international financial reporting standards, as well as the consequences of shifting to IFRS, practical recommendations have been formulated in areas that need to be implemented in the future.
IMPROVING THE APPLICATION OF AUDITOR SAMPLING METHODS IN AUDIT CHECK
Authors: Yeshpanov Islambek
Published: July 2023

This article discusses the importance and necessity of using auditor selection methods when collecting audit evidence during audits. It is based on the fact that the proposed auditor selection methods are important in obtaining reliable audit evidence. An algorithm for applying statistical methods for selecting auditors was also developed and its practical application was proposed.
Perfil lipídico y su asociación con las enfermedades isquémicas del corazón.
Authors: Murillo-Zavala Anita , Palacios-Palma Paola Patricia , Zavala-Yoza Julissa Michelle
Published: July 2023

Las enfermedades isquémicas al corazón forman parte de la tercera causa de muerte a nivel mundial según el registro estadístico de defunciones generales, con mayor índice en la población adulta en el género masculino. Es por ello que el presente trabajo de investigación tuvo como objetivo establecer la relación que existe entre el perfil lipídico y las enfermedades isquémicas al corazón. Para el presente estudio se utilizó el diseño documental de tipo descriptivo. Esta información fue recopilada de diferentes bases de datos científicos como: Scielo, PubMed, Redalyc, Elservier, Biomed Central, Science Direct y páginas web oficiales como la Organización Mundial de la Salud, Organización Panamericana de la Salud, Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Censo, a su vez artículos científicos, libros, revistas publicados en inglés y español anunciados con 5 años de anterioridad, para la búsqueda se empleó el uso de palabras claves a través de los operadores booleanos como OR y AND. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran que entre los principales factores de riesgo se encuentran la diabetes, obesidad, tabaquismo, etc. También, se pueden hallar valores fuera del rango normal del perfil lipídico, sobre todo en los parámetros del colesterol total y triglicéridos. A su vez, que el método diagnóstico más empleado por los especialistas fue la tomografía computarizada. Por lo que, diversas investigaciones han demostrado la importancia del perfil lipídico dentro de las cardiopatías isquémicas.
DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RESOURCES-BASED TOURISM NETWORKING MODEL
Authors: Wahyuni Adda Harnida
Published: July 2023

This study is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. Data were analyzed using Mactor software. The results of the study show that as the most contributing actors, universities collaborating with other stakeholders, namely the village government, highly support the goals, contribute ideas and creativity, and recommend development programs in increasing the capacity of Human Resources and developing the tourism area of Central Sulawesi by training and education for sustainable development. The network of cooperation between actors in the pentahelix model in Central Sulawesi is less optimal. This means that coordination and synergy are needed. This research on the institutional model of human resource-based tourism network development has not described the model for developing tourism potential as a whole. The results of this study are expected to contribute ideas in considering decisions related to tourism development in Central Sulawesi with a focus on human resource development.
Retraso de las sentencias en las demandas de alimentos y los derechos del menor alimentista en el distrito de Villa María del Triunfo en el año 2020
Authors:   , Ramos Robles Maribel
Published: July 2023

La tesis de investigación presentada a continuación tiene como finalidad y objetivo determinar y conocer el impacto que tiene los retrasos de las sentencias de alimentos y como estos repercuten en los derechos del menor alimentista en el distrito de Villa María del Triunfo en el año 2020. Teniendo como referencia que este proceso implica tiempo, etapas, asimismo el plazo oportuno para que este se ejecute ya que muchos procesos y sus sentencias respectivas se dilatan quedando así pendientes por resolver, afectando así los derechos fundamentales del menor alimentista. Como estos retrasos afectan la integridad física y psíquica del alimentista, olvidando así que se tiene que garantizar la subsistencia de quienes no pueden sustentarse con sus propios medios y esto genera casos de omisión de asistencia familiar, por lo que en este trabajo se expondrá los motivos de los retrasos de las sentencias y estas no sean resueltas dentro del plazo oportuno y cómo va vulnerando los derechos del menor alimentista y lo que se busca es proteger el principio del interés superior del niño. A lo largo del trabajo presentado abordaremos definiciones básicas de estos derechos inherentes a los menores como son vivienda, salud y primordialmente alimentos y lo que conlleva su demora en el reconocimiento de estos derechos. El enfoque metodológico del estudio corresponde una muestra compuesta por 40 madres de familia pertenecientes al distrito de Villa María del Triunfo, bajo un tipo de investigación cualitativa, basada en el método de investigación descriptivo, con un diseño correlacional y considerando como instrumento una encuesta basada en la escala de Likert. La conclusión del estudio indica que si existe correlación significativa entre las variables trabajadas como son los retrasos de las sentencias en las demandas de alimentos y los derechos del menor alimentista, como estos últimos se vulneran porque al no ver una sentencia oportuna retrasa el pago de las pensiones y no se cumple con satisfacer las necesidades básicas de los menore
Brecha de género en la participación en el empleo en países de ingreso bajo y mediano
Authors: Hernández Peña Daniel , Rodríguez Brito Mª Gracia
Published: July 2023

La brecha de género en la participación en el empleo retrasa la presencia femenina en la vida económica y la producción de bienes y servicios. Se analiza la misma en algunos países en desarrollo. Los resultados muestran un comportamiento regional.
Entrelazamiento e información cuántica: la vía hacia la computación cuántica
Authors: Iturbe Jabaloyes Álvaro , Calixto Molina Manuel
Published: July 2023

El entrelazamiento cuántico, que ha sido objeto del premio Nobel de física de este pasado año 2022, es un fenómeno fundamental para comprender la naturaleza. En concreto, tiene aplicaciones claves en computación computación cuántica.
Determinants of Poverty: A Mini-Review
Authors: Abdulwasaa Mansour A. , Kawale Sunil V.
Published: July 2023

This paper aims to review the literature on the determinants of poverty. This study also provides insights into the interplay between demographic, social, economic, and political determinants and their impact on poverty levels. This review concludes by emphasising the interconnectedness of these determinants and the need for comprehensive and integrated approaches to poverty reduction. The literature review results revealed a significant effect of the economic, social, demographic and political determinants on poverty. Finally, the paper provides insights for policymakers and practitioners seeking to develop strategies that promote sustainable development for poverty reduction.
Atomic Tuning in Electrically Conducting Bimetallic Organic Frameworks for Controllable Electromagnetic Wave Absorption
Authors: Chen Congjie , Shan Zhen , Tao Shifei , Xie Aming , Yang Hongwei , Su Jian , Horke Satoshi , Kitagawa Susumu , Zhang Gen
Published: July 2023

Due to the structural complexity and limited controllability of conventional microwave‐absorption materials (MAMs), the precise regulation of atomically‐resolved structures and properties of MAMs remains a significant challenge. The interpretation of the dielectric loss mechanism is usually conduction and polarization losses, while the absence of components‐regulated template materials further hinders the disclosure of the mechanism. Herein, based on the customizable functionality of the MOF platform, a series of pristine bimetallic MOFs with precise and controllable conductivity are successfully constructed through the bimetallic alloying strategy. The controllability is attributed to the alteration of free‐carrier concentration and the subtle difference of interlayer displacement or spacing, both of which originate from the atomic tuning of hetero‐metal. Notably, Cu1.3Ni1.7(HITP)2 features an ultra‐high absorption strength (reflection loss, RL = −71.5 dB) and an ultra‐wide maximum bandwidth (6.16 GHz) at only 15% filling, which ranked in the upper range of all reported MAMs. Due to the metal co‐synergies, Cu1.3Ni1.7(HITP)2 possesses a switchable high absorption peak in a wide range (4–18 GHz). This work opens up an avenue for tailoring the atomic tuning of new MOF‐based electromagnetic wave absorbers and provides a conceptually novel platform.
Multiscale Ion‐Sieving Separator with Selective Zn2+ Channels and Excellent Zn2+ Desolvation Kinetics for Dendrite‐Free and Kinetics‐Enhanced Zinc Metal Batteries
Authors: Zhu Kaiping , Wu Liyun , Guo Can , Pu Jun , Liu Yang , Chen Xiang , Chen Yuting , Xue Pan , Han Jie , Yao Yagang
Published: July 2023

Zn metal batteries have garnered considerable scientific and technological interests. However, the widespread commercial application of these batteries is impeded by the uncontrollable dendrite growth and consequent severe side effects. Herein, a functionalized separator is prepared by spraying polyaniline‐modified graphene oxide (denoted as NPGO)/polyvinylidene difluoride solution directly on one side of a common separator of glass fibers (GFs). The reversible transition between protonated and deprotonated states of quinolone imide on NPGO nanosheets can facilitate the rapid desolvation and transfer of Zn2+. Therefore, the spatial electric field as well as the Zn2+ flux is effectively homogenized due to the ion‐sieving effect of NPGO nanosheets that are oriented toward Zn anode. This engineering design of the NPGO@GFs separator harvests excellent rate and cycling performance (over 3000 cycles at 20 mA cm−2) for Zn metal symmetric batteries. Meanwhile, it provides an impressive commercial prospect (500 cycles with a capacity retention of 91.6% under 2000 mA g−1) for MnO2||Zn full batteries. Such a strategy can be generalized as a common way to protect metal anodes (Na, Zn, and K) in rechargeable batteries, which is highly cost‐effective and scalable.
Toward Chiral Lasing from All‐Solution‐Processed Flexible Perovskite‐Nanocrystal–Liquid‐Crystal Membranes
Authors: Lin Weixi , Yang Chao , Miao Yu , Li Sen , Zhang Limin , Jiang Xiao‐Fang , Lv Ying , Poudel Bed , Wang Kai , Polavarapu Lakshminarayana , Zhang Chen , Zhou Guofu , Hu Xiaowen
Published: July 2023

Circularly polarized (CP) coherent light sources are of great potential for various advanced optical applications spanning displays/imaging to data processing/encryption and quantum communication. Here, the first demonstration of CP amplified spontaneous emission (ASE)/lasing from a free‐standing and flexible membrane device is reported. The membrane device consists of perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) and cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs) layers sandwiched within a Fabry–Pérot (F–P) cavity architecture. The chiral liquid crystal cavity enables the generation of CP light from the device. The device is completely solution‐processable and displays CP ASE with record dissymmetry factor (glum) as high as 1.4, which is 3 orders of magnitude higher as compared with glum of CP luminescence of chiral ligand‐capped colloidal PNCs. The device exhibits ultraflexibility as the ASE intensity remains unchanged after repeated 100 bending cycles and it is stable for more than 3 months with 80% of its original intensity. Furthermore, the ultraflexibility enables the generation of ASE from various objects of different geometric surfaces covered with the flexible perovskite membrane device. This work not only demonstrates the first CP ASE from a PNCs membrane with extremely high glum but also opens the door toward the fabrication of ultraflexible, extremely stable, and all solution‐processable perovskite chiral laser devices.
Simultaneous Control of Spectral And Directional Emissivity with Gradient Epsilon‐Near‐Zero InAs Photonic Structures
Authors: Hwang Jae S. , Xu Jin , Raman Aaswath P.
Published: July 2023

Controlling both the spectral bandwidth and directionality of emitted thermal radiation is a fundamental challenge in contemporary photonics. Recent work has shown that materials with a spatial gradient in the frequency range of their epsilon‐near‐zero (ENZ) response can support broad spectrum directionality in their emissivity, enabling high total radiance to specific angles of incidence. However, this capability is limited spectrally and directionally by the availability of materials with phonon‐polariton resonances over long‐wave infrared wavelengths. Here, an approach is designed and experimentally demonstrated using doped III–V semiconductors that can simultaneously tailor spectral peak, bandwidth, and directionality of infrared emissivity. InAs‐based gradient ENZ photonic structures that exhibit broadband directional emission with varying spectral bandwidths and directional ranges as a function of their doping concentration profile and thickness are epitaxially grown and characterized. Due to its easy‐to‐fabricate geometry, it is believed that this approach provides a versatile photonic platform to dynamically control broadband spectral and directional emissivity for a range of emerging applications in heat transfer and infrared sensing.
Enabling Scalable Polymer Electrolyte with Dual‐Reinforced Stable Interface for 4.5 V Lithium‐Metal Batteries
Authors: Qi Shengguang , Li Mianrui , Gao Yuqing , Zhang Weifeng , Liu Shumei , Zhao Jianqing , Du Li
Published: July 2023

Hitherto, it remains a great challenge to stabilize electrolyte–electrode interfaces and impede lithium dendrite proliferation in lithium‐metal batteries with high‐capacity nickel‐rich LiNxCoyMn1−x−yO2 (NCM) layer cathodes. Herein, a special molecular‐level‐designed polymer electrolyte is prepared by the copolymerization of hexafluorobutyl acrylate and methylene bisacrylamide to construct dual‐reinforced stable interfaces. Verified by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy depth profiling, there are favorable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layers on Li metal anodes and robust cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI) on Ni‐rich cathodes. The SEI enriched in lithiophilic N−(C)3 guides the homogenous distribution of Li+ and facilitates the transport of Li+ through LiF and Li3N, promoting uniform Li+ plating and stripping. Moreover, the CEI with antioxidative amide groups can suppress the parasitic reactions between cathode and electrolyte and the structural degradation of cathode. Meanwhile, a unique two‐stage rheology‐tuning UV polymerization strategy is utilized, which is quite suited for continuous electrolyte fabrication with environmental friendliness. The fabricated polymer electrolyte exhibits a high ionic conductivity of 1.01 mS cm−1 at room temperature. 4.5 V NCM622//Li batteries achieve prolonged operation with a retention rate of 85.0% after 500 cycles at 0.5 C. This work provides new insights into molecular design and processibility design for polymer‐based high‐voltage batteries.
Safety and Efficacy of Long‐Term Voclosporin Treatment for Lupus Nephritis in the Phase 3 AURORA 2 Clinical Trial
Authors: Saxena Amit , Ginzler Ellen M. , Gibson Keisha , Satirapoj Bancha , Santillán Adolfina Elizabeth Zuta , Levchenko Olena , Navarra Sandra , Atsumi Tatsuya , Yasuda Shinsuke , Chavez‐Perez Nilmo Noel , Arriens Cristina , Parikh Samir V. , Caster Dawn J. , Birardi Vanessa , Randhawa Simrat , Lisk Laura , Huizinga Robert B. , Teng Y. K. Onno
Published: July 2023

Objective

AURORA 2 evaluated the long‐term safety, tolerability, and efficacy of voclosporin compared to placebo in patients with lupus nephritis (LN) receiving an additional two years of treatment following completion of the one‐year AURORA 1 study.

Methods

Enrolled patients continued their double‐blinded treatment of voclosporin or placebo randomly assigned in AURORA 1, in combination with mycophenolate mofetil and low‐dose glucocorticoids. The primary objective was safety assessed with adverse events (AEs) and biochemical and hematological assessments. Efficacy was measured by renal response.

Results

A total of 216 patients enrolled in AURORA 2. Treatment was well tolerated with 86.1% completing the study and no unexpected safety signals. AEs occurred in 86% and 80% of patients in the voclosporin and control groups, respectively, with an AE profile similar to that seen in AURORA 1, albeit with reduced frequency. Investigator reported AEs of both glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decrease and hypertension occurred more frequently in the voclosporin than the control group (10.3% vs 5.0%, and 8.6% vs 7.0%, respectively). Mean corrected estimated GFR (eGFR) was within the normal range and stable in both treatment groups. eGFR slope over the two‐year period was −0.2 mL/min/1.73 m2 (95% confidence interval [CI] −3.0 to 2.7) in the voclosporin group and −5.4 mL/min/1.73 m2 (95% CI −8.4 to −2.3) in the control group. Improved proteinuria persisted across three years of treatment, leading to more frequent complete renal responses in patients treated with voclosporin (50.9% vs 39.0%; odds ratio 1.74; 95% CI 1.00–3.03).

Conclusion

Data demonstrate the safety and efficacy of long‐term voclosporin treatment over three years of follow‐up in patients with LN.

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Selective Construction of Borromean Rings andTweezer‐LikeMolecular Assembly Featuring Cp*Rh/Ir Clips forNear‐InfraredPhotothermal Conversion†
Authors: Zou Yan , Zhang Hai‐Ning , Mu Qiu‐Shui , Dang Li‐Long , Jin Guo‐Xin
Published: July 2023

Comprehensive Summary

Making full use of coordination‐driven self‐assembly strategy, we herein described the selective synthesis of a molecular Borromean rings and two cases of “U”‐shaped tweezer‐like molecular assemblies in high yield by using bipyridyl ligands based on biphenyl unit and half‐sandwich binuclear rhodium(III)/iridium(III) building blocks. The selective synthesis was realized by adjusting the length of dipyridyl arms. The utilization of curved U‐shaped bipyridyl ligandL1led to tweezer‐like molecular assemblies. Subsequently, olefinic bonds were introduced to elongate dipyridyl arms obtaining ligandL2. The ligandL2has two stable conformations, U‐shape and Z‐shape, which facilitated the formation of different topologies including the tetranuclear macrocycle and Borromean rings with different building blocks in this work. These structures in solid and solution all have been further confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, NMR analysis, and mass spectrometry. In addition, as an important driving force, π‐π stacking interactions not only played a significant role in the stability of structures but also further triggered photothermal conversion in solution. The experimental results demonstrated that compounds1aand2had good NIR photothermal conversion efficiency (11.83% and 17.76%), and further analysis found the photothermal conversion efficiency had a gradual increase in the trend with the π‐π stacking interactions increasing. This research expands the application of topological structures in materials science and provides a new idea for the synthesis of novel photothermal conversion materials.
Advantages of model averaging of species sensitivity distributions used for regulating produced water discharges
Authors: Binet Monique T. , Golding Lisa A. , Adams Merrin S. , Robertson Tim , Elsdon Travis S.
Published: July 2023

Produced water (PW) generated by Australian offshore oil and gas activities is typically discharged to the ocean after treatment. These complex mixtures of organic and inorganic compounds can pose significant environmental risk to receiving waters, if not managed appropriately. Oil and gas operators in Australia are required to demonstrate that environmental impacts of their activity are managed to levels that are as low as reasonably practicable, for example, through risk assessments comparing predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) with predicted environmental concentrations of PW. Probabilistic species sensitivity distribution (SSD) approaches are increasingly being used to derive PW PNECs and subsequently calculating dilutions of PW (termed “safe” dilutions) required to protect a nominated percentage of species in the receiving environment (e.g., 95% and 99% or PC95 and PC99, respectively). Limitations associated with SSDs include fitting a single model to small (six to eight species) data sets, resulting in large uncertainty (very wide 95% confidence limits) in the region associated with PC99 and PC95 results. Recent advances in SSD methodology, in the form of model averaging, claim to overcome some of these limitations by applying the average model fit of multiple models to a data set. We assessed the advantages and limitations of four different SSD software packages for determining PNECs for five PWs from a gas and condensate platform off the North West Shelf of Australia. Model averaging reduced occurrences of extreme uncertainty around PC95 and PC99 values compared with single model fitting and was less prone to the derivation of overly conservative PC99 and PC95 values that resulted from lack of fit to single models. Our results support the use of model averaging for improved robustness in derived PNEC and subsequent “safe” dilution values for PW discharge management and risk assessment. In addition, we present and discuss the toxicity of PW considering the paucity of such information in peer-reviewed literature. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2024;20:498–517. © 2023 Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation. Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society of Environmental Toxicology & Chemistry (SETAC).
An exploration of how adolescents experience and reason their parents' comments on their weight, shape, and eating
Authors: Dahill Lucy M. , Morrison Natalie M. V. , Touyz Stephen , Mitchison Deborah , Bussey Kay , Mannan Haider , Hay Phillipa
Published: July 2023

Introduction

Disordered eating among adolescents is of increasing concern given associated physical and mental health sequelae. Cognitions underlying disordered eating are formed in childhood and adolescence. Parents are a significant presence during this period, so it is critical to understand how they influence their adolescent's eating cognitions and behaviors.

Methods

Qualitative analysis using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) methodology was employed to consider the lived experiences of 10 Australian adolescents (14–19 years), 60% female, as they engaged with their parents in a range of weight, shape, and eating communications.

Results

Our inductive IPA revealed three key themes representing adolescents' experiences and meaning‐making: Parents as Influencers—adolescents acknowledged parents are influencers (objects) within a wider context of community and cultural norms (symbols) and can be protective for peer influence on body image ideals; Expression and Perception—the “what” (weight‐talk as an object) and the “how” (objects as independent influences) of gendered parental communication related to health and fitness ideals and illustrated diverse interpretations of both verbal and non‐verbal expression; and Fertile Soil and Maturity—the adolescent's characteristics and context influence perceptions of communication, a fear of deviating from norms, and an overarching focus on being “healthy” yet not always knowing what that was. Perception of bidirectional communication also offered valuable insights into potential dangers through family loyalty and in‐group permissions.

Conclusions

Findings highlight implications for the nuanced influence of parental communication and illustrate the pivotal role of parents within the bioecosystem of adolescent development.
Second‐order modified positive and elementary stable nonstandard numerical methods for n$$ n $$‐dimensional autonomous differential equations
Authors: Alalhareth Fawaz K. , Gupta Madhu , Roy Souvik , Kojouharov Hristo V.
Published: July 2023

A novel technique is presented to construct and analyze second‐order modified positive and elementary stable nonstandard (SOPESN) numerical methods for solving two general classes of
‐dimensional autonomous ordinary differential equations. The new SOPESN methods are second‐order generalizations of the explicit Euler's method, thereby improving the order of accuracy of the underlying numerical method. Numerical simulations are presented to validate the theoretical results and highlight the advantages of the proposed new modified nonstandard methods over existing standard and nonstandard numerical methods.
The Effect of Free and Protein‐Bound Maillard Reaction Products N‐ε‐Carboxymethyllysine, N‐ε‐Fructosyllysine, and Pyrraline on Nrf2 and NFκB in HCT 116 Cells
Authors: Raupbach Jana , Müller Stephan K. , Schnell Vanessa , Friedrich Suse , Hellwig Anne , Grune Tilman , Henle Thomas
Published: July 2023

Scope

Maillard reaction products (MRPs) are believed to interact with the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) and lead to a pro‐inflammatory cellular response. The structural basis for this interaction is scarcely understood. This study investigates the effect of individual lysine modifications in free form or bound to casein on human colon cancer cells.

Methods and results

Selectively glycated casein containing either protein‐bound N‐ε‐carboxymethyllysine (CML), N‐ε‐fructosyllysine (FL), or pyrraline is prepared and up to 94%, 97%, and 61% of lysine modification could be attributed to CML, FL, or pyrraline, respectively. HCT 116 cells are treated with free CML, pyrraline, FL, or modified casein for 24 h. Native casein is used as control. Intracellular MRP content is analyzed by UPLC‐MS/MS. Microscopic analysis of the transcription factors shows no activation of NFκB by free or protein‐bound FL or CML, whereas casein containing protein‐bound pyrraline activates Nrf2. RAGE expression is not influenced by free or casein‐bound MRPs. Activation of Nrf2 by pyrraline‐modified casein is confirmed by analyzing Nrf2 target proteins NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone 1) (NQO1) and heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1).

Conclusion

Studies on the biological effects of glycated proteins require an individual consideration of defined structures. General statements on the effect of “AGEs” in biological systems are scientifically unsound.
Crushing behavior of CFRP/AL hybrid tubes under oblique lateral loading
Authors: Yang Hongyuan , Ren Yiru
Published: July 2023

This work aims to research the oblique lateral crushing behavior of CFRP/AL hybrid tubes under different parameter configurations. First, a finite element model was established based on the maximum stress criterion and the traction‐separation law. The reliability of the numerical models for pure aluminum, pure composite, and hybrid tubes was verified by rigorous comparison with experimental data, respectively. Second, the influence of loading conditions and geometric characteristics on crashworthiness were studied. The results show that the damage modes of the hybrid tube under oblique lateral loading are mainly concentrated in the horizontal and vertical ends, specifically in the form of plastic hinge and fiber, matrix fracture. The CFRP layers has positive effect on improving the specific energy absorption (SEA). High ratio thickness of aluminum tubes can effectively improve the energy absorption (EA) and crush force efficiency (CFE). It is found that the sandwich structure is not conducive to resist lateral crushing, while the CFRP without external constraints can absorb more impact energy.

Highlights

The oblique lateral crushing behavior of CFRP/AL hybrid tube was studied.

A numerical simulation method was proposed and verified.

The effects of loading angle, fiber layers and AL thickness were studied.

The hybrid ratio and hybrid method were designed and discussed.
Plasma medicine: The era of artificial intelligence
Authors: Ercan Utku Kürşat , Özdemir Gizem Dilara , Özdemir Mehmet Akif , Güren Onan
Published: July 2023

The current trends that incorporate artificial intelligence (AI) and medicine have created new opportunities for improvement in both early diagnosis and treatment of diseases. In this framework, AI might also have the potential to significantly revolutionize the way we approach the field of plasma medicine, an area that is quickly growing and uses cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) to address a variety of medical conditions. Plasma medicine offers promising therapeutic alternatives for conditions widely ranging from cancer treatment to wound healing and antimicrobial applications, but the complexity of the plasma sources and the huge number of parameters may be overwhelming for the determination of underlying mechanisms and for understanding the effect of the source. This is where AI steps in, to provide strong tools for modeling, evaluating, and controlling CAPs. By harnessing the power of AI, researchers in the plasma medicine area, are now able to evaluate massive volumes of data, enhance their treatment protocols, and predict treatment results with a level of precision never possible before. Hereby, we emphasized the potential and further utilization of AI in plasma medicine in light of the fascinating and recent developments in this cooperation. New opportunities are encouraging, but potential limitations, ethical issues, model transparency, and generalizability should be considered. Regardless, the possibilities are endless, and the future of plasma medicine is looking brighter than ever with the implementation of AI.
Higher Education in Brazil: Institutional Actions for the Retention of Students in Public and Private Sectors
Authors: Barbosa Maria-Ligia , Borges Eduardo Henrique Narciso , Gouvea Adriane , Picanço Felícia , Rodrigues Leonardo , Vieira André
Published: July 2023

This study examines responses to the COVID-19 pandemic among different sectors and types of institutions in the Brazilian higher education system. We aim to analyse how institutions faced the pandemic; what policies or institutional actions were proposed; and by which institutions/institutional types? What rationales justify these proposals? Are there similarities among actions? Based on the concepts of institutional logics and embedded institutional agency, empirical narratives collected in documents from institutions and previous research were organised to make sense of otherwise disparate initiatives. Drawing upon the literature on institutional positioning in higher education and using the latest Brazilian national higher education census, we built a typology of institutions focusing on four dimensions associated with policy responses to the pandemic: the educational profile, research involvement, structural characteristics of institutions, and social inclusion policies. We further complement the data set on the institutional landscape of higher education with institutional documents, interviews, and reports, as well as the extensive news coverage collected by students and researchers at Laboratory for Research into Higher Education (LAPES), in order to provide the empirical elements for the analysis of policies and institutional actions.
Detection of Fusobacterium nucleatum in Patients with Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Dregelies Theresa , Haumaier Franziska , Sterlacci William , Backert Steffen , Vieth Michael
Published: July 2023

Fusobacterium nucleatum is supposed to play a critical role in the development of colorectal cancer. The species has also been associated with ulcerative colitis (UC) that can progress into colorectal cancer, however, the involvement of bacteria in this process remains unclear. We analysed 177 colon biopsies obtained from patients during screening, including 20 healthy controls, 56 UC cases and 69 cases at different stages of progression to colitis-associated cancer (CAC); 32 samples of sporadic colorectal carcinoma (sCRC) were also included. The presence of F. nucleatum was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). Our data show an association between the presence of the bacteria and the progression of carcinogenesis in UC patients. In 39.5% of CAC samples F. nucleatum was detected, compared to only 1.8% in UC cases. The bacteria were detected in 6.3% of samples with initial neoplastic transformation, so-called low-grade dysplasia (LGD), whereas high-grade dysplasia (HGD) resulted in 33.3% of samples positive for F. nucleatum. The fraction of F. nucleatum-positive samples from sCRC cases was 56.3%, which was not significantly different to the CAC group. We conclude that F. nucleatum is associated with the occurrence and progression of colon carcinogenesis, rather than with UC itself.
INFRAFRONTIER: mouse model resources for modelling human diseases
Authors: Ali Khan Asrar , Valera Vazquez Gema , Gustems Montse , Matteoni Rafaele , Song Fei , Gormanns Philipp , Fessele Sabine , Raess Michael , Hrabĕ de Angelis Martin ,   the INFRAFRONTIER Consortium
Published: July 2023

Over the last decade, INFRAFRONTIER has positioned itself as a world-class Research Infrastructure for the generation, phenotyping, archiving, and distribution of mouse models in Europe. The INFRAFRONTIER network consists of 22 partners from 15 countries, and is continuously enhancing and broadening its portfolio of resources and services that are offered to the research community on a non-profit basis. By bringing together European rodent model expertise and providing valuable disease model services to the biomedical research community, INFRAFRONTIER strives to push the accessibility of cutting-edge human disease modelling technologies across the European research landscape. This article highlights the latest INFRAFRONTIER developments and informs the research community about its extensively utilised services, resources, and technical developments, specifically the intricacies of the INFRAFRONTIER database, use of Curated Disease Models, overview of the INFRAFRONTIER Cancer and Rare Disease resources, and information about its main state-of-the-art services.

Graphical abstract
Comparing linear and non-linear models to estimate the appropriate cochlear implant electrode array length—are current methods precise enough?
Authors: Weiss Nora M. , Breitsprecher Tabita , Wozniak Martin , Bächinger David , Völter Christiane , Mlynski Robert , Van de Heyning Paul , Van Rompaey Vincent , Dazert Stefan
Published: July 2023

Purpose

In cochlear implantation with flexible lateral wall electrode arrays, a cochlear coverage (CC) range between 70% and 80% is considered ideal for optimal speech perception. To achieve this CC, the cochlear implant (CI) electrode array has to be chosen according to the individual cochlear duct length (CDL). Here, we mathematically analyzed the suitability of different flexible lateral wall electrode array lengths covering between 70% and 80% of the CDL.

Methods

In a retrospective cross-sectional study preoperative high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) from patients undergoing cochlear implantation was investigated. The CDL was estimated using an otosurgical planning software and the CI electrode array lengths covering 70–80% of the CDL was calculated using (i) linear and (ii) non-linear models.

Results

The analysis of 120 HRCT data sets showed significantly different model-dependent CDL. Significant differences between the CC of 70% assessed from linear and non-linear models (mean difference: 2.5 mm, p < 0.001) and the CC of 80% assessed from linear and non-linear models (mean difference: 1.5 mm, p < 0.001) were found. In up to 25% of the patients none of the existing flexible lateral wall electrode arrays fit into this range. In 59 cases (49,2%) the models did not agree on the suitable electrode arrays.

Conclusions

The CC varies depending on the underlying CDL approximation, which critically influences electrode array choice. Based on the literature, we hypothesize that the non-linear method systematically overestimates the CC and may lead to rather too short electrode array choices. Future studies need to assess the accuracy of the individual mathematical models.
Impact of encorafenib on survival of patients with BRAFV600E-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer in a real-world setting
Authors: Zurloh M. , Goetz M. , Herold T. , Treckmann J. , Markus P. , Schumacher B. , Albers D. , Rink A. , Rosery V. , Zaun G. , Kostbade K. , Pogorzelski M. , Ting S. , Schmidt H. , Stiens R. , Wiesweg M. , Schuler M. , Kasper Stefan , Virchow I.
Published: July 2023

Purpose

Patients with BRAFV600E-mutant metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) have a dismal prognosis. The best strategies in these patients remain elusive. Against this background, we report the clinical course of patients with BRAFV600E-mutant mCRC to retrieve the best treatment strategy.

Patients and methods

Clinico-pathological data were extracted from the electronic health records. Kaplan–Meier method was used to estimate overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Objective response rate (ORR) was assessed according to RECIST 1.1.

Results

In total, 51 patients were enrolled. FOLFOXIRI was administered to 12 patients; 29 patients received FOLFOX or FOLFIRI as first-line treatment. Median OS was 17.6 months. Median PFS with FOLFOXIRI (13.0 months) was significantly prolonged (HR 0.325) as compared to FOLFOX/FOLFIRI (4.3 months). However, this failed to translate into an OS benefit (p = 0.433). Interestingly, addition of a monoclonal antibody to chemotherapy associated with superior OS (HR 0.523). A total of 64.7% patients received further-line therapy, which included a BRAF inhibitor in 17 patients. Targeted therapy associated with very favourable OS (25.1 months).

Conclusion

Patients with BRAFV600E-mutated mCRC benefit from the addition of an antibody to first-line chemotherapy. Further-line treatment including a BRAF inhibitor has a dramatic impact on survival.
The role of surgery in the treatment of neuroblastoma metastases at rare sites
Authors: Scherer Simon , Mayer Benjamin F. B. , Dietzel Markus , Esser Michael , Warmann Steven W. , Lang Peter , Schuhmann Martin U. , Schmidt Andreas , Fuchs Jörg
Published: July 2023

Purpose

Treatment of neuroblastoma metastases usually consists of chemotherapy and irradiation. However, in selected cases, surgical treatment is also indicated. In this study, we present three cases of patients with neuroblastoma metastases at rare sites that underwent surgery.

Materials and methods

We retrospectively analyzed data of patients who underwent surgery for neuroblastoma at our department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology at the University Children’s Hospital in Tuebingen and selected those patients who had surgery explicitly for a metastasis.

Results

Between 2002 and 2020, 277 children underwent surgical treatment for neuroblastoma. Three cases with metastases at exceptional sites are presented here after therapy according to protocols. One patient had a penile metastasis and received surgery including a plastic reconstruction. The patient showed no signs of erectile or urinary dysfunction at follow-up. Another patient had a metastasis in the proximal ulna, which remained vital even after exhausted treatment after two relapses. Afterward there was no restriction of movement of the extremity. The third patient had, amongst others, metastases to the pancreatic body and to the liver. Both were surgically removed during primary tumor resection. This patient died after local tumor relapse. The other two patients showed no evidence of tumor relapse after a follow-up of 18 and 17 months, respectively.

Conclusion

Although children with neuroblastoma often present with metastases, there is no recommendation for surgical treatment other than diagnostic biopsies. In case of persistence of metastasis or after exhaustion of high-risk therapy, surgical resection must be considered.
A Systematic Analysis of Additive Manufacturing Techniques in the Bioengineering of In Vitro Cardiovascular Models
Authors: Mohanadas Hemanth Ponnambalath , Nair Vivek , Doctor Akbar Abbas , Faudzi Ahmad Athif Mohd , Tucker Nick , Ismail Ahmad Fauzi , Ramakrishna Seeram , Saidin Syafiqah , Jaganathan Saravana Kumar
Published: July 2023

Additive Manufacturing is noted for ease of product customization and short production run cost-effectiveness. As our global population approaches 8 billion, additive manufacturing has a future in maintaining and improving average human life expectancy for the same reasons that it has advantaged general manufacturing. In recent years, additive manufacturing has been applied to tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, and drug delivery. Additive Manufacturing combined with tissue engineering and biocompatibility studies offers future opportunities for various complex cardiovascular implants and surgeries. This paper is a comprehensive overview of current technological advancements in additive manufacturing with potential for cardiovascular application. The current limitations and prospects of the technology for cardiovascular applications are explored and evaluated.
Predictive value of forearm muscle oxygenation parameters for climbing-specific finger endurance and competitive climbing performance
Authors: Winkler Marvin , Künzell Stefan , Augste Claudia
Published: July 2023

Purpose

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a valid and reliable method to assess forearm muscle oxygenation in sport climbing, focusing on evaluating single parameters. The study assessed the predictive value of various NIRS parameters in climbing-specific settings, during intermittent finger endurance testing and in a simulated climbing competition.

Methods

52 recreational climbers (28.5 ± 6.3 y) performed an intermittent finger endurance test and 10 competitive climbers (20.2 ± 6.3 y) participated in a simulated lead climbing competition. Continuous-wave NIRS were used to assess oxygenation and blood volume changes.

Results

NIRS parameters predicted 26.4% of the variance in the intermittent test, with mean minima and maxima of O2Hb and mean maxima of TSI% of the single repetitions being the predictors. No significant differences existed between the last valid and the first nonvalid repetition on the combined dependent variable. For the simulated competition, a statistically significant difference between the 20 s intervals on the combined dependent variables was found with posthoc testing showing significant univariate within-subjects effects for HHb, tHb & TSI, but not for O2Hb.

Conclusion

The results indicate that for the intermittent test, high re- and deoxygenation abilities, and for the climbing competition, the accumulation of HHb concentration levels have the highest predictability.