bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Laba Akuntansi dan Arus Kas terhadap Reaksi Pasar dengan Ukuran Perusahaan sebagai Variabel Kontrol
Authors: Octora Devy Ira Bayu , Aprillianto Bayu , Wardhaningrum Oktaviani Ari
Published: July 2024

Purpose: This study is a quantitative research aimed at examining the impact of accounting profit and cash flow on market reactions, with company size as a control variable, in financial sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2020 to 2022.Methodology: This research employs a quantitative method utilizing secondary data acquired from the website www.idx.co.id and official company websites in the form of financial reports and stock price data. The sample in this study was determined using purposive sampling method with criteria including, firstly, financial sector companies listed on the IDX during the study period of 2020-2022; secondly, publishing complete audited financial reports during the study duration; and finally, not incurring any losses during the study period. The research sample consisted of 62 companies over the 2020-2022 period, resulting in a total of 186 data points, with 156 valid data points. The analysis model employed in this study is multiple linear regression analysis.Research Findings: The results indicate that accounting profit has a significant positive impact on market reactions, while cash flow has a significant negative impact on market reactions.Novelty: What sets this research apart from similar studies is the sector of research, the study period, and the research variables employed.
Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh laba akuntansi dan arus kas terhadap reaksi pasar dengan ukuran perusahaan sebagai variabel kontrol pada perusahaan sektor keuangan yang terdatar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) tahun 2020-2022.Metodologi: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan data data sekunder yang diperoleh melalui laman www.idx.co.id dan situs resmi perusahaan berupa laporan keuangan dan data harga saham. Sampel dalam penelitian ini ditentukan menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan kriteria meliputi pertama, perusahaan sektor keuangan yang listing di BEI selama periode penelitian 2020-2022; kedua, menerbitkan laporan keuangan auditan secara lengkap selama durasi penelitian; terakhir, tidak ada kerugian yang dialami selama durasi penelitian. Perusahaan yang memenuhi kriteria sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 62 perusahaan dengan periode penelitian selama 2020-2022, sehingga diperoleh sampel sebanyak 186 data dengan jumlah data valid sebanyak 156 data. Model analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linier berganda.Temuan Penelitian: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa laba akuntansi berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap reaksi pasar dan arus kas berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap reaksi pasar.Kebaruan: Pembeda penelitian ini dengan penelitian yang mengambil topik serupa ialah sektor penelitian, periode penelitian, dan variabel penelitian yang digunakan.
Strategi Pemasaran Digital Menggunakan Sistem Internet Endorsement Sebagai Upaya Dalam Meningkatkan Penjualan
Authors: Hasanuddin Ananda , Delia Egi Astuti , Bahari Rizal , Ruci Dewa
Published: July 2024

Purpose: This research aims to understand how e-endorsements, which involve popular individuals or entities in product promotions, can increase consumer purchasing interest, build positive perceptions of products, and encourage purchase intentions.Methodology: The research method used in this research is a qualitative approach that focuses on literature reviews. Researchers collect and analyze existing data from various sources to understand the effectiveness of e-endorsements as a digital marketing strategy. Research Findings: E-endorsement is an effective digital marketing strategy in digital business. This strategy involves using popular individuals or entities to promote a product, which can increase purchasing interest, build positive perceptions of the product, and encourage purchase intent. Contribution/Originality/Novelty: The contribution of this research lies in an in-depth analysis of the influence of e-endorsements in digital marketing, especially in the context of growing digital businesses. Its originality comes from the focus on discussing influencers with high popularity and trust as a promotional tool, which has not been researched much before. The novelty of this research lies in the latest observations of trends in e-commerce and social media, as well as an assessment of the potential of e-endorsements as a business opportunity for resellers and dropshippers.
Tujuan Penelitian: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana e-endorsement, yang melibatkan individu atau entitas populer dalam promosi produk, dapat meningkatkan minat beli konsumen, membangun persepsi positif terhadap produk, dan mendorong keinginan pembelian.Metodologi: Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif yang berfokus pada tinjauan literatur. Peneliti mengumpulkan dan menganalisis data yang ada dari berbagai sumber untuk memahami efektivitas e-endorsement sebagai strategi pemasaran digital.Temuan Penelitian: E-endorsement merupakan strategi pemasaran digital yang efektif dalam bisnis digital. Strategi ini melibatkan penggunaan individu atau entitas populer untuk mempromosikan produk, yang dapat meningkatkan minat beli, membangun persepsi positif produk, dan mendorong keinginan pembelian.Kontribusi/Orisinalitas/Kebaruan: Kontribusi penelitian ini terletak pada analisis mendalam tentang pengaruh e-endorsement dalam pemasaran digital, khususnya dalam konteks bisnis digital yang berkembang. Originalitasnya datang dari fokus pada pembahasan mengenai influencer dengan popularitas tinggi dan kepercayaan sebagai alat promosi, yang belum banyak diteliti sebelumnya. Kebaharuan penelitian ini terletak pada pengamatan terkini terhadap tren dalam e-commerce dan media sosial, serta penilaian terhadap potensi E-endorsement sebagai peluang bisnis bagi reseller dan dropshipper.
Reversible logic-based parity generator circuit for nano communication network using QCA
Authors: Vittapu Sravan K. , Sankuru Ravichand , Bolimera Ravi , Ramudu Kuruva Madhu , Reddy Mekala Rameshwar , Reddy Maddula Manasa
Published: July 2024

An alternative to CMOS VLSI called Quantum Cellular Automata (QCA) is presently being researched. Although a few basic logical circuits and devices have been examined, very little, if any, research has been done on the architecture of QCA device systems. In the context of nano communication networks, data transmission that is both dependable and efficient is still critical. The technology known as Quantum Dot Cellular Automata (QCA) has shown great promise in the development of nano-scale circuits because of its extremely low power consumption and rapid functioning. This study introduces a unique nano-communication parity-based arithmetic circuit that is reversible, error-detecting, and error-correcting. The minimal outputs are needed for the proposed structure. Based on QCA technology, the proposed nano-communication network makes use of reversible logic gates. The performance increase of the suggested parity generator and checker circuit is significant in terms of clock delay, size, and number of cells.
Trans-Regional railway corridor implications on urbanization
Authors: Mengistu Daniel Tesfaw , Gebremariam Ephrem , Wang Xingping , Zhao Shengbo
Published: July 2024

Recently, the government of Ethiopia has been engaged in modernizing the trans-regional Ethio-Djibouti railway infrastructure using the Belt and Road Initiative. This railway corridor has been serving as the main get way for the landlocked Ethiopia to the port. This article creates an insight about the implications of the Ethio-Djibouti railway corridor by exploring the question: what kinds of urban form and morphological changes evolved due to the railway corridor? To examine the impact of this railway corridor, the article employed stratified sampling and multiple criteria intermediate cities selection method. Accordingly, four (Bishoftu, Mojo, Adama, and Dire Dawa) intermediate cities were selected as case study. The article points out that the railway corridor conceived different kinds of linear urban centers around stations. The identified four intermediate cities attract industries and logistic centers. Those industries, logistic centers, and new railway stations often established at the periphery of intermediate cities resulted labour influx from rural and nearby small urban centers and urban expansion that caused a rural-urban continuum of ribbon settlement and strengthen trade gate way for the landlocked Ethiopia that caused trans-regional integration.
Examining the nexus between technological innovation, FDI, economic growth and tourism in selected countries: A simultaneous equation model approach
Authors: Jabeen Samrena , Nasim Ismat , Chaloupský David , Akbar Ahsan , Haider Syed Arslan , Bashir Furrukh
Published: July 2024

The current study examines the impact that technological innovation, foreign direct investment, economic growth, and globalization have on tourism in top 10 most popular tourist destinations in the world. The information on the number of tourists, foreign direct investment, growth in gross domestic product, GFCF, use of FFE, and total energy consumption were extracted from the World Development Indicators. The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) database was used for collecting the statistics about technological innovation.  The source ETH Zurich has been utilized to gather panel data for the time period 2008 to 2022 to calculate the KOF Index of Globalization. Theoretically, FDI and Economic growth are the endogenous variables for the Tourism model. Whereas, TI, Glob, Energy Consumption, and GFCF are the exogenous variables. Hence, the analysis is based on the System Equation—Simultaneous equations, after checking identification that confirms the problem of simultaneity in system of 3 equations. The empirical outcomes suggest that TI, FDI, globalization index, GDP growth, and energy consumption are the most important factors that contribute to an increase in tourism. Likewise FDI as the endogenous variable is favorably impacted by globalization, technological innovation, fossil fuel energy consumption, gross fixed capital formation, and tourism. Nevertheless, the coefficient of GFCF is only insignificant in the study. While, globalization, TI, and FFE are also favorably affecting the FDI. GDP growth is the second endogenous variable in this research, and it is positively influenced by globalization, FDI, and tourism in the case of the top 10 nations that are most frequently visited by tourists.
Literature review on optimizing brand image and improved customer purchase intention
Authors: Du Guoguang , Tham Jacquline
Published: July 2024

In the process of global economy, in the face of increasing business competition, it is more difficult than ever for brands to approach consumers and persuade them to consume. In the commercial environment, the competition between enterprises is essentially the competition of brands, and the competition of brands must first carry out the competition of brand image. Brand image carries the mission of information dissemination and value creation and plays an important role in business behavior. How to improve customer purchase intention by optimizing brand image and greatly promote the development of business through brand image is the purpose of this study. The construction and application of brand image not only covers all the characteristics of the brand, but also the focus of consumers’ attention when choosing brands and products. This paper comprehensively uses the systematic theories and methods of art design, marketing and consumer psychology and behavior as support, and adopts research methods such as literature data to explore and study the field of brand image. This study finds that customer perception of brand image directly affects customer purchase intention. At present, there are relatively few researches on how brand image can empower business. Through the study of “optimizing brand image to improve customer purchase intention”, this paper focuses on the direction of brand image empowering business, broadens the research breadth and depth in the field of brand image, and enrichis the research achievements in the field of brand image.
Upper Sorbian in Budyšin / Bautzen: Examples from Bautzen’s Linguistic Landscape
Authors: Bleakly Evan W.
Published: July 2024

This article investigates the frequency of Upper Sorbian, an endangered Slavic minority language, in the linguistic landscape of Budyšin / Bautzen. The analysis in this article focuses on the languages used in specific functions (hours of operation, operational instructions, and street names) on signage along a major street in the center of Budyšin / Bautzen.
Language Feminization in Ukrainian and Russian
Authors: Shchedrina Mariia
Published: July 2024

Over recent years, Ukrainian and Russian have been going through a number of sociolinguistic transformations. Feminist linguistic activism has become a marker of sociopolitical changes in the two language spaces. It has spread with a goal to identify and modify the rules that were developed and used to restrain the language and subject it to men-centered linguistic regulations.

This article will discuss and compare the transformations Ukrainian and Russian are experiencing as well as analyze the received data on the morphological level.
Antioxidative Activity of Some S-Alkyl Derivatives of Thiosalicylic Acid. In Vivo and In Silico Approach
Authors: Nikolic Marina , Vesovic Marina , Andjic Marijana , Bradic Jovana , Kocovic Aleksandar , Nedeljkovic Nikola , Zivanovic Ana , Bukonjic Andriana , Tomovic Dusan , Radic Gordana , Ratkovic Zoran , Nikolic Milos
Published: July 2024

This study examined the effects of S-alkyl derivatives acute administration on local redox status and interaction between tested compounds and antioxidant enzymes via molecular docking studies. This study included 88 male Wistar albino rats divided into three experimental groups, receiving different S-alkyl derivatives per os in three different doses (10 mg/kg, 15 mg/kg, and 20 mg/kg) and two control groups, CMC - rats treated with 1% carboxymethyl cellulose and indomethacin group (IND) – rats treated with indomethacin (10 mg/kg). Carrageenan-induced paw edema model was used for evaluation of local antioxidant potential of the investigated S-alkyl derivatives. After finishing the experimental protocol, carrageenan-induced edema feet of each animal were collected and homogenized. From isolated supernatant pro-oxidative parameters (O2
−., NO2
−, and TBARS) and antioxidant enzymes activity (SOD, CAT, and GSH) were spectrophotometrically measured. Molecular docking studies were performed in AutoDock Vina software. The levels of pro-oxidative parameters were significantly decreased in tissue of rats treated with S-alkyl derivatives, while dose dependent manner in TBARS reduction was observed in L3 groups (p<0.05). Moreover, tested compounds exposed antioxidant activity due to enhanced CAT activity compared to untreated rats while the most prominent changes in GSH activity was observed after acute administration of L3 in the highest dose (p<0.05). According to molecular docking parameters, derivative L3 exhibited the highest binding affinity towards antioxidant enzymes. Obtained in vivo and in silico results suggest the high antioxidative potential of L3 and its beneficial effect on redox balance recovery in state of increased inflammation.
Ejercicio de acciones derivadas de la ley sobre protección de los derechos de los consumidores por el asegurador subrogante
Authors: Contardo González Juan Ignacio
Published: July 2024

La Corte de Apelaciones de Santiago ha resuelto, en una serie de casos recientes, que el asegurador que ha pagado un siniestro no puede ejercer la acción indemnizatoria por vía subrogatoria a través de las reglas y procedimiento de consumidores, pues la calidad de consumidor no sería subrogable. Existen, sin embargo, argumentos en contra de esta posición.
El desarrollo del Estado Social en el marco del Estado Autonómico: principios constitucionales, los derechos sociales en los Estatutos De Autonomía y la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Constitucional
Authors: Almagro Castro David
Published: July 2024

El Estado Social diseñado en la Constitución española de 1978 contiene una serie de principios constitucionales que estructuran las relaciones entre las dos unidades territoriales de referencia: el Estado central y las Comunidades Autónomas. Su finalidad no es otra que garantizar la homogeneidad jurídica de los ciudadanos en los diferentes territorios que componen la nación. A partir de aquí, las Comunidades Autónomas se erigen en las unidades territoriales de referencia en la materialización del Estado Social español, definido doctrinalmente como un Estado Social autonómico. El nudo gordiano de este modelo lo constituye la redefinición jurídica de los “derechos sociales estatutarios” realizada en los Estatutos de Autonomía de segunda generación y la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Constitucional respecto a su contenido material y límites. La devaluación jurisprudencial de la naturaleza jurídica y eficacia jurisdiccional de los derechos estatutarios resulta incompatible con la trascendencia de los Estatutos de Autonomía en el marco del “bloque de la constitucionalidad” y de las Comunidades Autónomas como unidades territoriales de referencia en la consolidación del Estado Social español.
PhD candidates’ engagement in researcher networks and the key learning experiences embedded in them
Authors: Anttila Henrika , Sullanmaa Jenni , Tikkanen Lotta , Pyhältö Kirsi
Published: July 2024

Researcher networks are highly important for a positive PhD experience as well as for the future career of PhD candidates in and beyond academia. This study explores PhD candidates’ engagement in researcher networks, ranging from the local to the global sphere, the key learning experiences embedded in them, and how such engagement is associated with their doctoral thesis format, research group status, and the candidate’s country of origin. A total of 768 PhD candidates from a research-intensive multidisciplinary Finnish university participated in the mixed methods study. The data were collected with the doctoral experience survey. The results showed that PhD candidates participate widely in research collaboration activities, especially by presenting at conferences and participating in international summer schools. Most learning experiences were located in local networks. Some differences between the candidates were found related to the thesis format, research group status, and candidates’ country of origin. This study provides new understanding of PhD candidates' researcher networks, and the results can be used in the development of support systems in doctoral education to enhance PhD candidates’ research collaboration locally and globally.
Precisamos de cuidar de quem cuida:
Authors: Tadeu Bárbara , Lopes Amélia
Published: July 2024

Enfocando no estudo das identidades profissionais de educadores/as de infância de salas de berçário de contextos de creche, o estudo qualitativo de cariz interpretativo relatado neste artigo enquadra-se conceptualmente na teoria da construção da identidade profissional docente como constructo ecológico e na ética do cuidado. Os dados resultantes de uma entrevista semiestruturada na qual participaram 30 educadoras de infância permitem identificar três tipos de identidade: A relacional; a técnica e a assistencial. Para a maioria – tipo relacional – ser educadora de infância de bebés é uma profissão expressa por meio de relacionamentos eticamente cuidados com bebés, suas famílias, outros/as profissionais, formando uma teia relacional que complexifica a sua ação profissional, bem como a construção das suas identidades profissionais. No entanto, lacunas formativas e nas condições de trabalho relatadas transformam estas identidades relacionais em identidades técnicas e/ou assistenciais. A maioria das educadoras participantes no estudo indicou percursos de formação inicial com maior enfoque nas crianças e contextos pré-escolares, com repercussões para a ação pedagógica com os/as bebés. Práticas reflexivas, de registo, de produção de documentação e participação em processos de formação contínua foram aspetos pouco enfatizados pela maioria das participantes. Em contraste, as desigualdades nas condições laborais, o cansaço, a desvalorização e a falta de reconhecimento social foram bastante enunciados. Conclui-se que as políticas educativas e organizacionais devem promover condições de formação e trabalho promotoras de identidades relacionais.
novela psicológica en América Latina
Authors: Cardozo Myriam
Published: July 2024

La literatura psicológica se concentra en la vida interior de los personajes, enfatiza sus inquietudes, emociones, sentimientos, temores, pasiones o conflictos. Caracteriza internamente a sus personajes en forma compleja, con rasgos ambivalentes o incluso contradictorios, que se van modificando en el devenir de su historia, sus motivos y circunstancias.
Su mayor desarrollo se produjo en Europa en los siglos XIX y XX, con algunos autores muy relevantes en  Estados Unidos de América y de Japón. El presente artículo tiene por objetivo revisar, analizar y exponer su desarrollo en América Latina. Para su estudio, se procedió a través del método de reconstrucción histórica en sus países de origen, para luego focalizar su evolución y escritores más representativos en América Latina, de los que se realiza una breve presentación del contenido de sus principales obras.
Se encontró que los trabajos latinoamericanos se concentran en el siglo XX y XXI, especialmente después del relativo abandono del Realismo Mágico, en países como México, Chile, Argentina y Uruguay. En el primer caso, la novela es fuertemente psicosocial, dado el importante peso de las guerras internas y desigualdades sociales y género.
Se concluye en la conveniencia de seguir trabajando en la fructífera conjunción de psicología y literatura, que actualmente se ve principalmente impulsada por el género femenino.
Resituando lo político desde el cuidado: Acciones y coaliciones de las mujeres del barrio San Martin de Porres (Bogotá-Colombia)
Authors: Cortes Severino Catalina
Published: July 2024

Esta investigación explora como determinados procesos de despojo y violencia (desplazamientos forzados, faltas de oportunidades laborales en las regiones, relaciones de poder, ausencia de educación escolar, explotación laboral, relaciones afectivas, entre otros) producen subjetividades y estrategias particulares de repensar y resituar lo político desde nuevas formas de apropiarse del mundo y de reformular la existencia. Por lo cual, la noción de lo político se halla íntimamente entrelazada con la vida cotidiana. Desde esta perspectiva, en este artículo nos situamos particularmente en la articulación entre el cuidado y lo político desde un estudio de caso en el Barrio San Martin de Porres en la ciudad de Bogotá-Colombia.
Revisitando las intersecciones entre feminismo y sindicalismo. El caso de Mujeres Sindicalistas (Argentina, 2016-2019)
Authors: Natalucci Ana , Ríos Victoria , Vaccari Samantha
Published: July 2024

En los últimos años en Argentina, se produjeron dos fenómenos que por varios años transitaron caminos paralelos pero que finalmente encontraron puntos de intersección. Se tratan del proceso de revitalización sindical y de la activación del ciclo de movilización feminista. La emergencia del Ni Una Menos en 2015 fue decisivo para la visibilidad de la violencia machista y la formación de colectivos que cuestionaron las desigualdades de género. Asimismo, desde 2016 emergieron espacios y colectivos de mujeres en las organizaciones sindicales que trastocaron esta dinámica. ¿Cuáles fueron las relaciones entre el ciclo de movilización feminista y la emergencia y desarrollo de colectivos de mujeres sindicalistas a partir de la interseccionalidad entre clase, trabajo y género? ¿De qué modos las experiencias de clase y de género han incidido en la conformación de colectivos de mujeres en los nucleamientos sindicales? El objetivo del artículo es comprender la intersección entre feminismo y sindicalismo, específicamente por la creación de colectivos de mujeres en organizaciones sindicales. A partir de las nociones de interseccionalidad estructural e interseccionalidad política indagamos sobre la experiencia de Mujeres Sindicalistas perteneciente a la CFT/CGT. El período analizado se extiende entre 2016 y 2019. Nuestro argumento es que, aunque ya había mujeres que participaban de los sindicatos, la novedad de de esta experiencia puede encontrarse en el establecimiento de puentes al interior del sindicalismo como entre este y otras organizaciones feministas. En términos metodológicos se siguió una estrategia multimétodo informada de la Teoría Fundamentada.
Pandemia, exclusión y migración en el Perú: Una mirada desde el Altiplano peruano.
Authors: Catacora Vidangos Edwin
Published: July 2024

Resumen
Este trabajo aborda la   experiencia de la pandemia del covid-19 en el Perú. Examina el manejo del gobierno peruano de este contexto enfocándonos en las disposiciones elaboradas para frenar el avance del covid-19. El estudio de este fenómeno nos muestra que este evento puso en tela de juicio las políticas neoliberales, exponiendo la exclusión y la desigualdad en este país. En un primer momento, analizamos el impacto de la pandemia, luego nos detenemos en la producción del evento pandémico para comprender los fenómenos que se suscitaron como la movilidad de personas de los sectores más excluidos entre distintos puntos del país y finalmente desarrollamos una reflexión de la experiencia de la pandemia desde la región altiplánica en el sur del Perú.
Palabras claves: pandemia, covid-19, políticas neoliberales, exclusión, desigualdad, movilidades.
Lucha contra la deserción escolar: ´ la experiencia italiana de ”maestri di strada ”
Authors: Parrello Santa
Published: July 2024

La desercion escolar es un fenómeno complejo que se deriva de un cúmulo de factores externos e internos al sistema educativo y del deterioro del v´ınculo entre los jovenes, la escuela y la sociedad. En Italia donde la desercion expl´ıcita e impl´ıcita supera el 20% y en algunas areas el 30%-periódicamente se implementan en el sistema escolar algunas medidas correctivaspara contrarrestar el fenomeno, sin alterar, sin embargo, un ´funcionamiento que produce estructuralmente desercion, yconvalida la selección del sistema social. En Nápoles, la Asociacion sin fines de lucro Maestri di Strada (MdS-Maestros de la calle), planifica e implementa intervenciones para contrastar el abandono escolar, centrandose en la construcción de una comunidad local educativa, en la reflexividad profesional y en el arteducacion. El paradigma elegido es el de una educación débil, que no tiene como objetivo producir aprendizajes, habilidades e identidades predeterminadas, sino favorecer la subjetivacion de los jovenes, despertando en ellos el deseo de devenir adultos responsables.
The Utility of Artificial Intelligence in Dentistry: Advancing Frontiers
Authors: Tafti Farheen , Thorat Rohit , Mhatre Swapnali , Srichand Reema , Savant Suyog Chandrashekhar , Sachdev Sanpreet Singh
Published: July 2024

Computer power continues to grow along with the ease of access to worldwide information and the accessibility of enormous amounts of data that are ready for processing with artificial intelligence (AI) applications in the health sector. A substantial amount of data requires meticulous analysis to improve accuracy in generating datasets from AI. Soon, AI will play a crucial role in the field of dentistry in diagnosis, prediction models, restorative procedures, endodontic procedures, and orthodontic procedures. The advancements in AI technology are causing a revolution in the field of dentistry, making it easier for dentists to provide expert opinions and work with greater precision. There are numerous benefits of the use of AI discussed in this article.
Prevalence and associated risk factors of Mycoplasma genitalium infection in women in Western Cameroon: A cross sectional study
Authors: Sethi Sunil , Boris Gomseu Djoumsie Emmanuel , Sharma Nandita , Kanaujia Rimjhim , Roger Kuiate Jules , de Dieu Tamokou Jean
Published: July 2024

Background

Mycoplasma genitalium is implicated in genitourinary disorders in both men and women as a sexually transmitted infection (STI). This study aimed to ascertain the prevalence of M. genitalium and identify associated risk factors among women.

Aim

To investigate the prevalence of M. genitalium and identify various risk-factors associated with M. genitalium infection in women attending the clinic in Western Cameroon.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted in hospitals from five districts of Western Cameroon on sexually active and non-menstruating women attending for antenatal, prenuptial and contraception consultations,between January 2020 and July 2020. Endocervical swabs (n = 680) were collected, and M. genitalium was detected using real-time PCR targeting the MgPa and pdhD genes.

Results

A total of 680 women, characterised by a mean age of 27.4 ± 7.5 years, were included in this study. The overall prevalence of the M. genitalium infection was 5.2%. Bivariate analysis revealed that having more than one sexual partner was independently associated with three times higher odds of prevalent M. genitalium infection (OR 2.9, 95% CI: 1.03-8.56).

Limitation

Cross-sectional design limits exploring temporal relationships with other STIs. Freezing specimens for a year until PCR testing may have compromised detection rates of M. genitalium.

Conclusion

This study contributes valuable data to the limited understanding of M. genitalium epidemiology. The findings may aid in the formulation of national clinical standards for testing and screening strategies, emphasising the importance of addressing associated risk factors in the targeted population.
Orbital varices: Epidemiology, clinical presentation, and treatment outcomes – A scoping review
Authors: Al-Wassiti Ahmed Shakir Ali , Kumar Danisha , Elboraay Toka , Ismail Mustafa
Published: July 2024

Background:

Orbital varices are vein dilations in the orbit presenting various symptoms. This scoping review synthesizes existing evidence on their epidemiology, clinical features, and treatment efficacy.

Methods:

Literature was reviewed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. PubMed and Scopus were searched until April 31, 2024, for articles on clinically diagnosed ocular varices detailing diagnostic methods, treatments, and outcomes. Exclusions were reviews, animal studies, and incomplete case reports. Data on study characteristics, diagnosis, management, and outcomes were extracted and assessed for quality and bias.

Results:

Eight studies met the inclusion criteria, with sample sizes ranging from 4 to 30 and ages from 1 to 87 years. Diagnostic tools included magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography, while treatments ranged from conservative methods to invasive procedures and radiosurgery. Notably, higher symptom resolution rates were associated with observational strategies and minimally invasive surgeries. However, Gamma Knife radiosurgery, although promising, posed risks of vision impairment in some cases.

Conclusion:

The management of orbital varices has evolved significantly with newer, less invasive techniques improving outcomes and reducing recovery times. Despite advancements, challenges such as disease recurrence and the need for personalized treatment regimens persist, underscoring the ongoing need for research to refine and standardize treatment approaches.
Perioperative blood transfusion management in surgical resection of intracranial meningiomas: A meta-analysis
Authors: Ismail Mustafa , Al-Shalchy Ali , Al-Khazaali Younus M. , Lahmar Abdelilah , Goldman Liam V. , Algabri Mostafa H. , Kumar Danisha , Palmisciano Paolo , Hoz Samer S.
Published: July 2024

Background:

Gross total resection (GTR) of intracranial meningiomas is curative in most cases. However, perioperative blood transfusions may be necessary for complex skull bases and/or high-grade meningiomas. Guidelines for blood transfusions during intracranial meningioma surgery remain unclear. This scoping review aims to delineate the main characteristics of patients who underwent intracranial meningioma surgery, the prevalence of the selected patients who required blood transfusions, and common causes for transfusion.

Methods:

A scoping review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines to include studies reporting eligibility, protocols, and potential complications related to blood transfusion within the perioperative management of intracranial meningiomas.

Results:

A total of 33 articles encompassing 3009 meningioma patients were included in the study. The most common symptom was headache (18%), and the most frequent type of meningioma was World Health Organization grade-1 meningothelial (50.4%). The lateral supraorbital approach was the most common surgical corridor (59.1%) in skull base meningiomas, and most patients underwent GTR (69%). Blood transfusion was required for 20% of patients, with a mean estimated intraoperative blood loss of 703 mL (ranging from 200 mL to 2000 mL). The main indications for blood transfusion in meningioma surgery were intraoperative blood loss (86%) and preoperative anemia (7.3%).

Conclusion:

This scoping found that 20% of the included patients required blood transfusion. It also points out that several factors could influence the necessity for a transfusion, encompassing surgical blood loss, pre-existing anemia, and the surgery’s length. This scoping review may provide surgeons with a potential guide to inform their decision-making process regarding blood transfusions during meningioma surgeries.
Perspective: Timely diagnosis and repair of intraoperative thoracic/lumbar cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks
Authors: Epstein Nancy E. , Agulnick Marc A.
Published: July 2024

Background:

Our review of 12 articles for this perspective showed the frequency of intraoperative thoracic and/or lumbar CSF fistulas/dural tears (DT) ranged from 2.6% - 8% for primary surgical procedures. Delayed postoperative CSF leak/DT were also diagnosed in 0.83% (17/2052 patients) to 14.3% (2/14 patients) of patients undergoing thoracic and/or lumbar procedures. Further, the rate of recurrent postoperative CSF leaks/DT varied from 13.3% (2/15 patients) to 33.3% (4/12 patients).

Methods:

Intraoperative, postoperative delayed, and recurrent postoperative traumatic postsurgical thorac CSF leaks/DT can be limited by performing initially sufficient operative decompressions and/or decompressions/fusions (i.e., utilizing adequate open exposures vs. inadequate minimally invasive (MI) approaches). The incidence of CSF leaks/DT can be further reduced by spine surgeons’ utilization of operating microscopes, and their avoiding routine attempts at total synovial cyst excision and/or complete resection of hypertrophied/ossified yellow ligament in the presence of significant dural adhesions.

Results:

Multiple CSF leak/CT repair techniques included; using interrupted, non-resorbable sutures for direct dural repairs (i.e. 7-0 Gore-Tex sutures where the suture is larger than the needle thus plugging needle holes), and adding where needed muscle patch grafts, microfibrillar collagen, the rotation of Multifidus muscle pedicle flaps, fibrin sealants (FS)/fibrin glues (FG), lumbar drains (LD), and/or lumbo-peritoneal (LP) shunts.

Conclusion:

Intraoperative, postopertive delayed, and/or recurrent postoperative thorac and/or lumbar traumatic surgical CSF leaks can be reduced by choosing to initially perform the appropriately extensive open operative decompressions and/or decompresssions/fusions. It is critical to use an operating microscope, non-resorbable interrupted sutures, and where necessary, muscle patch grafts, microfibrillar collagen, the rotation of Multifidus Muscle Pedicle Flaps, FS/FG, LD, and/or LP shunts.
PARLIAMENTARY ACTIVITIES OF A. I. GUCHKOV
Authors: Дёмин В.А.
Published: July 2024

Статья посвящена деятельности А. И. Гучкова в законодательных палатах Российской империи — Государственной думе и Государственном совете. Показано, что в Государственном совете лидер октябристов не смог занять видного положения. В III Государственной думе, напротив, Гучков стал председателем крупнейшей фракции октябристов и комиссии по государственной обороне, а с 1910 по 1911 г. занимал пост председателя Думы. Ему удалось превратить думскую комиссию по государственной обороне в один из центров принятия решений по военным делам, прежде всего в вопросах социальной защиты военнослужащих. При этом Гучков руководствовался исключительно собственными взглядами и интересами и не был склонен отстаивать интересы своих избирателей, считаться с коллегами по фракции, а также идти на уступки Николаю II и правительству. В результате к концу работы III Думы Гучков утратил значительную часть влияния во фракции, потерял контакт с правительством и стал личным врагом императора.

The article talks about the activities of A. I. Guchkov in the legislative chambers of the Russian Empire: the State Duma and the State Council. It is shown that the leader of the Octobrists could not occupy a prominent position in the State Council. In the Third State Duma, on the contrary, Guchkov became chairman of the largest faction of the Octobrists and the commission for state defense, and from 1910 to 1911 he served as chairman of the Duma. He managed to turn the Duma State Defense Commission into one of the decision-making centers on military affairs, primarily in matters of social protection of servicemen. At the same time, Guchkov was guided solely by his own views and interests and was not inclined to defend the interests of his voters, to reckon with his colleagues in the faction, and also to make concessions to Nicholas II and the government. As a result, by the end of the work of the Third Duma, Guchkov lost a significant part of his influence in the faction, lost contact with the government and became the personal enemy of the emperor.
RUSSIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY OF RECENT YEARS AS ASSESSED BY AMERICAN HISTORIANS
Authors: Брэдли Дж.
Published: July 2024

Статья посвящена историографическому анализу работ российских исследователей, опубликованных в американском журнале переводов «Russian Studies in History», проведенном англо-американскими историками. В ней отмечается значительное расширение тематики современных российских исторических исследований, применение в них новой методологии и обращения к новым, ранее неиспользованным массивам документов, находящимися преимущественно в местных архивах. Все это позволило добиться впечатляющих результатов в области политической, социальной, экономической и культурной истории, а также в истории повседневности.

The article is devoted to the historiographical analysis of the works of Russian researchers published in the American journal of translations Russian Studies in History, conducted by Anglo-American historians. It notes a significant expansion of the topics of modern Russian historical research, the use of a new methodology in them and the appeal to new, previously unused arrays of documents, mainly located in local archives. This has made it possible to achieve impressive results in the field of political, social, economic and cultural history, as well as in the history of everyday life.
THE POLITICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE 1827–1917: TO THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE PROBLEM
Authors: Резанов А.Д.
Published: July 2024

Цель статьи — выявить особенности изучения и оценки политического сыска Российской империи в различные периоды развития отечественной историографии. Долгое время, по причинам как идеологического, так и практического характера, история системы политического сыска и ее ядра, жандармерии, не изучалась специально. Историографический обзор проблемы позволит выявить наименее изученные аспекты заявленной проблемы и обозначить перспективы ее исследования.

The purpose of the article is to reveal the features of the study and evaluation of the political investigation of the Russian Empire in different periods of development of Russian historiography. For a long time, for reasons of both ideological and practical nature, the history of the system of political investigation and its core, the gendarmerie, was not studied specifically. A historiographical review of the problem will make it possible to identify the least studied aspects of the stated problem and outline the prospects for its research.
ARTICLE BY G. V. VERNADSKY «THE HUNGARIAN CAMPAIGN OF 1849»
Authors: Черемных О.А.
Published: July 2024

В работе анализируется статья Г. В. Вернадского «Венгерский поход 1849 года», которая ранее исследователями не рассматривалась. Г. В. Вернадский заинтересовался данной проблематикой в условиях начавшейся Первой мировой войны. В статье известный историк рассматривает причины оказания Россией помощи Австрии в 1849 г.; клубок противоречий в Австрийской империи политического, социального, межнационального характера; ход военного похода И. Ф. Паскевича; трагедию А. Гёргея и других руководителей венгерского движения; симпатии к венграм, которые постепенно складываются у русских офицеров; неблагодарность Австрии по отношению к России в 1853 г. Г. В. Вернадский делает акцент на предательстве со стороны Австрии по отношению к России, что является весьма актуальным.

This paper analyzes the article by G. V. Vernadsky The Hungarian Campaign of 1849, which was not previously considered by researchers. G. V. Vernadsky became interested in this problem in the conditions of the outbreak of the First World War. In the article, the famous historian examines the reasons for Russia’s assistance to Austria in 1849; the tangle of contradictions in the Austrian Empire of a political, social, and interethnic nature; the course of I. F. Paskevich’s military campaign; the tragedy of A. Gergei and other leaders of the Hungarian movement; sympathy for Hungarians, which gradually develops among Russian officers; Austria’s ingratitude towards Russia in 1853. G. V. Vernadsky focuses on the betrayal on the part of Austria towards Russia, which is very relevant.
RUSSIAN-KHIVA RELATIONS AFTER THE TRIP OF 1839–1840 AND PLANS OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE TO ESTABLISH AN OUTPOST ON THE EASTERN COAST OF THE CASPIAN SEA. 1840–1864
Authors: Васильев Д.В.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматривается история российско-хивинских отношений в 1840–1864 гг. Это время между Зимним походом генерала В. Перовского и российским завоеванием Мавераннахра, за которым последовало непосредственное планирование высадки российских войск на восточном берегу Каспийского моря и основание фак- тории в Красноводском заливе. Привлечение труднодоступных источников позволяет просле дить отдельные фазы развития политических взглядов российского правительства на проблему безопасности в регионе. Российские власти первоначально стремились за- вершить покорение Хивы военным путем. Позднее они отказались от идеи необходимости активных военных действий, перейдя к концепции установления контроля над Хивин- ским ханством с востока и запада (с Каспийского побережья). Источники убеждают, что кроме безопасности российских подданных важнейшей целью России в регионе было обеспечение торговых интересов империи и противостояние британскому влия- нию. В 1864 г. интерес Российской империи непосредственно к Хиве падает, а вопрос закреп ления на восточном берегу Каспийского моря, напротив, приобретает важнейшее значение.
MINERALS OF THE TURKESTAN TERRITORY IN THE SERVICE OF THE EMPIRE: IDEAS AND PRACTICE OF THE END OF THE XIX CENTURY
Authors: Асанова С.А.
Published: July 2024

В статье рассматривается вопрос о том, как завоевание Россией Средней Азии во второй половине XIX в. повлияло на изучение геологических богатств края и перспек- тивности их использования для империи, а также как военная администрация края стала оказывать всемерную поддержку в разработке полезных ископаемых края. Поначалу исследования каменноугольных копий и золотых приисков, сделанные H. А. Се- верцовым и А. С. Татариновым, внушали определенный оптимизм, однако к началу 1870-х гг. был сделан вывод о бесперспективности намеченных разработок, что привело к первым разо- чарованиям. Тем не менее в начале 70-х гг. XIX в. распоряжением К. П. Кауфмана было организовано новое геологическое исследование Туркестана. Подбором подходящих для этого кандида- тов занялся вновь назначенный чиновник особых поручений по горной части К. В. Гилев. При его одействии в Туркестанский край приехал молодой выпускник Петер бургского горного института И. В. Мушкетов, позже — профессор того же института Г. Д. Рома новский. Именно с их подачи была составлена первая общая геологическая структура края и сделаны отдельные выводы насчет месторождений угля, нефти и других полезных ископаемых. Именно в этот пе- риод вопрос о геологических богатствах Туркестана начал широко освещаться в прессе и было озвучено мнение, что Туркестан со временем может стать вторым Уралом. Но этот оптимизм был недолгим: как и их предшественники, Мушкетов и Романовский приходят к заключению, что природные богатства края бедны. После смерти Кауфмана в 1882 г. геологическое изучение края на перспективность его богатств и вовсе прекращается вплоть до начала XX в.
“CONSTITUTIONAL DECLARATION” M. V. RODZYANKO: ON THE QUESTION OF THE SPEECH OF THE CHAIRMAN OF THE IV STATE DUMA ON NOVEMBER 15, 1912
Authors: Гавроева Е.С.
Published: July 2024

В статье впервые изучается программная речь председателя IV Государст- венной думы М. В. Родзянко, произнесенная им 15 ноября 1912 г. Особое внимание в работе уделено реакции депутатского корпуса и отношению периодической печати к заявлению, сделанному с думской трибуны М. В. Родзянко. Автор приходит к выводу о том, что речь председателя была программой его работы на посту председателя Государственной думы.
IRANIAN TRIBES IN THE VOLGA-URAL STEPPES IN THE BRONZE AGE
Authors: Алексеев К.А.
Published: July 2024

В статье исследуется процесс миграции носителей иранских диалек- тов, сформировавших Андроновскую культурно-историческую общность на Урале. В результате применения метода комплексного анализа археологических, антропо- логических и палеогенетических данных удалось установить хронологический мо- мент появления носителей иранских диалектов на Волге, а также исходные пункты их мигра ции — низовья Днепра и Подунавье. Специфика погребального обряда (трупоположение на правом или левом боку) в комплексе с сопровождающей пло- скодонной керамикой и средиземноморским антропологическим типом погребенных позволила определить роль иранского этнического компонента в бытовании ям- ной культуры в Волго-Уральском междуречье, а также в формировании сменяющей ее полтав кинской культуры.