bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
E-PROC RUMO À GOVERNANÇA JUDICIÁRIA
Authors: Perius Oneide , Araujo Rodrigo
Published: October 2020

O problema pesquisado refere a exigência do ordenamento jurídico de implantação de mecanismos de governança judiciária, dentre cujos constructos recortamos o accountability, por viabilizar incremento de eficiência e eficácia da prestação jurisdicional, realizando o direito humano fundamental a julgamento em prazo razoável, quiçá ótimo. O método exploratório apresentou-se mais adequado aos objetivos propostos por permitir conhecer a possibilidade atual de transparência ativa no sistema de processo eletrônico e-Proc empregado no Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Tocantins quanto a informações estratégicas compreensíveis a todos os atores do sistema de justiça e a todas as dimensões do tramitar processual, necessária ao êxito do planejamento estratégico. Concluiu-se pela necessidade de criação de um comitê de inteligência organizacional multidisciplinar, com poder decisório sobre a programação do e-Proc, para implementação de diretriz para a programação do sistema, agregando-se transparência e responsabilização: accountability; que poderá ser concretizada, se priorizada pela Administração do Tribunal, mediante o aperfeiçoamento de iniciativa já implantada no Núcleo de Apoio às Comarcas.
CONSIDERAÇÕES SOBRE A APLICABILIDADE DO DIREITO PENAL ACERCA DOS CRIMES VIRTUAIS
Authors: De Andrade Mariah Dourado , Bentes Dorinethe dos Santos , Guimarães David Franklin da Silva
Published: October 2020

O presente artigo busca compreender os fatos que levaram à atualização tardia e inadequada do Código Penal Brasileiro acerca dos crimes cibernéticos no âmbito da Internet, e a carência de novas Leis Penais regulando esse crime. Para alcançar tais objetivos, pretende-se analisar o contexto histórico desde o surgimento do cibercrime até os dias atuais, avaliar-se-á também as leis já criadas que abrangem essa temática, além de entender a necessidade de uma união universal para o combate desse crime, com foco nos objetivos e resultados da Convenção sobre o Cibercrime, de 2001, e sua importância inovadora para o mundo moderno. Para isso, baseia-se no método indutivo, realizada por bases teóricas, com levantamento bibliográfico de livros, artigos e sites especializados, e na jurisprudência e análise legislativa da Constituição Federal Brasileira de 1988. Com abordagem qualitativa, explicando o porquê é necessário que haja uma extensão do Direito Penal para a tipificação e regulamentação dos crimes virtuais, de forma a compreender o motivo desta urgência e de como um acordo internacional para o combate do crime virtual seria benéfico para a sociedade moderna. Concluindo-se que para assegurar aos internautas segurança neste novo meio de comunicação é necessária uma intervenção estatal no âmbito virtual.
ACESSO À JUSTIÇA: PERSPECTIVAS HISTÓRICAS E O NOVO CÓDIGO DE PROCESSO CIVIL
Authors: Bolwerk Aloísio Alencar , Raddatz Lucimara Andreia Moreira , Magalhães João Paulo Macedo
Published: October 2020

O objetivo primeiro do presente texto será apresentar as diferentes concepções do conceito de acesso à justiça, cujo significado muda a depender do contexto em que seja interpretado. Ato contínuo, será demonstrado como as profundas alterações estruturais do processo o fizeram demandar empenho para conceber instrumentos capazes de atenuar a profunda crise na qual mergulhou o sistema judiciário. Ademais, será explicitado o papel do Novo Código de Processo Civil no melhoramento do aceso à justiça, bem como apontado quais dos seus dispositivos simbolizam a criação de um campo propício para o desenvolvimento de um processo verdadeiramente democrático.
A CONSTITUCIONALIZAÇÃO DO DIREITO PROCESSUAL E A RAZOÁVEL DURAÇÃO DO PROCESSO DO TRABALHO: ENTRE FLUXOS E CONTRAFLUXOS DO NOVO CÓDIGO DE PROCESSO CIVIL
Authors: Fernandes Suzidarly Ribeiro Teixeira , Da Rocha Suyene Monteiro , Lima Laís de Carvalho
Published: October 2020

A edição do atual Código de Processo Civil (Lei 13.105/2015) trouxe novas perspectivas ao debate que gravita em torno da incidência da legislação comum ao processo do trabalho. Nesse contexto, o artigo pretende refletir sobre as influências e aplicações do Novo Código de Processo Civil, visando compreender em que medida representam avanços ou retrocessos à duração razoável do processo laboral, considerando a constitucionalização do processo e os comandos constitucionais que garantem a duração razoável do desenvolvimento processual. Para tanto, a pesquisa, que se desenvolve a partir do método dedutivo, apoia-se na técnica documental e bibliográfica, tendo utilizado os seguintes descritores para busca de artigos científicos: novo CPC, processo do trabalho, duração processual e constitucionalização do processo. Conclui-se, após a pesquisa, ser necessária parcimônia na aplicação da legislação processual comum ao processo do trabalho, diante das especificidades e teleologia deste, bem como, e principalmente, em face da norma da Constituição Federal de 1988 que assegura a duração razoável do processo e a celeridade de sua tramitação.
A DISTRIBUIÇÃO DINÂMICA DO ÔNUS PREVISTA NO CÓDIGO DE PROCESSO CIVIL DE 2015 E SUA INCIDÊNCIA NO PROCESSO DO TRABALHO
Authors: Machado Priscila Martins Reis
Published: October 2020

O tema central deste estudo consiste na análise dos reflexos do art. 373, §1º do CPC/2015, que prevê a aplicabilidade da distribuição dinâmica do ônus da prova no processo civil brasileiro, na seara laboral. No que diz respeito ao ônus da prova, o CPC/1973 adotava referencial estático (art. 333), entregando ao autor o ônus de provar os fatos constitutivos de seu direito e ao réu provar fatos extintivos, modificativos e impeditivos do direito; enquanto a CLT limitava-se a sustentar que a prova das alegações incumbe à parte que as fizer, cuidando a jurisprudência de estabelecer algumas adaptações nessa seara. A teoria da distribuição dinâmica do ônus da prova, gestada na Argentina no final do século XX e recebida expressamente pelo CPC/2015, ao admitir a possibilidade de o juiz modificar de forma fundamentada o ônus da prova quando essa medida revelar-se adequada e necessária, caminha no sentido de garantir efetividade à atuação jurisdicional. Dada a relevância da temática, este estudo pretende aprofundar acerca da aplicabilidade da carga dinâmica prevista no CPC/2015 na seara trabalhista. Para atingir esse escopo, será empreendida uma análise da evolução normativa atinente à carga probatória, examinando-se a legislação pátria e a doutrina brasileira e estrangeira. Será atribuído enfoque especial à doutrina Argentina pelo fato de ser responsável pelas primeiras manifestações acerca da carga dinâmica da prova. Após, serão avaliados possíveis contextos a exigir a flexibilidade do ônus em relações processuais trabalhistas.
DIREITOS FUNDAMENTAIS NO BRASIL: SOBRE O CONCEITO DOUTRINÁRIO E JURÍDICO DA PRISÃO EM FLAGRANTE
Authors: Pereira Tharllisson Rafael , Lemes Fernando Lobo
Published: October 2020

O artigo aborda o conceito doutrinário e jurídico da prisão em flagrante no Brasil, visando analisá-la de uma ótica normativa e constitucional, a partir de uma abordagem histórica. De igual modo, pretende elucidar a relevância da interpretação do Processo Penal brasileiro segundo o viés garantista trazido pela constituição de 1988, enaltecendo os Direitos Fundamentais no enfoque da privação de liberdade de um indivíduo, conforme o instituto do flagrante de delito. Conclui-se que embora a prisão em flagrante cumpra a função de impedir que o crime produza consequências ulteriores e evite a fuga do acusado, os preceitos constitucionais poderão ser constantemente violados na prática, concedendo margens para eventuais ilegalidades no ato da privação de liberdade nos casos do flagrante de delito, aonde a legislação normativa vem a ser mais criteriosa.
ASPECTOS JURÍDICOS DO MARKETING MULTINÍVEL
Authors: Silva Anderneide Marques , Mota Karine Alves Gonçalves
Published: October 2020

A economia mundial está em constante mudança, na qual estas vem agregando cada vez mais na sociedade. O marketing multinível pode ser considerado como um sistema que vem impactando de forma significativa essa economia, apesar de não ser um modelo de negócio tão recente, somente nos últimos anos que no Brasil esse sistema vem criando mais força, onde empresas que antes atuavam somente com a venda direta, passaram então a agregar o marketing multinível em seu sistema de negócio, majorando de forma expressiva seus resultados. Contudo, junto a essa ascendência, faz-se presente também outro sistema, o de pirâmide financeira. O fato é que, ainda há uma associação desses sistemas como se fossem a mesma coisa. Diante desse problema, este estudo tem por objetivo estabelecer as diferenças entre o marketing multinível e o sistema de pirâmide financeira, como também apontar os aspectos jurídicos que os permeiam. Para construção desse trabalho, foi realizado uma pesquisa de cunho bibliográfico e descritivo. Por fim, o que se pode concluir é que o marketing multinível é um sistema legal, ao contrário do sistema de pirâmide financeira, além de já ser considerado o negócio do século XXI.
APLICAÇÃO DO MODELO SIR À COVID-19: distanciamento social e (des)evolução da pandemia no Tocantins
Authors: Mesquita Élis Gardel da Costa , Meira Janeisi de Lima , Dias Neto José de Ribamar Leonel
Published: October 2020

Esse artigo é um estudo acerca do comportamento e propagação da pandemia de COVID-19, no estado do Tocantins, a partir dos dados notificados no período de 18 de março a 10 de junho. Para tanto, utilizou-se uma modificação do modelo matemático SIR, no qual foram acrescentados alguns compartimentos auxiliares. Analisamos aspectos epidêmicos tal como a velocidade da curva de contágio e seus impactos no sistema de saúde. Como os dados são disponibilizados diariamente, foi realizada uma discretização do sistema de equações diferenciais que compõem o modelo e a partir da disponibilidade dos dados conhecidos investigamos a correlação entre o índice de isolamento social e o fator de reprodução básico. Através de uma interpolação bastante simples obteve-se taxas de contágio aproximadas propiciando avaliar o comportamento da evolução das curvas de contágio e daquelas que dependem delas, o que nos possibilita antecipar cenários com base nas linhas de tendência dos dados gerados auxiliando assim as tomadas de decisões do poder público.
UMANIZANDO EM TEMPO DE COVID-19: Informações de qualidade
Authors: Osório Neila Barbosa , Oliveira Deuzivania Carlos de , Noleto Leda Santana de , Silva Neto Luiz Sinésio da
Published: October 2020

Este artigo tem por objetivos relatar as experiências dos alunos integrantes da Universidade da Maturidade em tempos de isolamento social devido a pandemia do COVID-19, assim como as ações realizadas pelos acadêmicos do projeto UMAnizando, orientando-os com informações de qualidade. As atividades realizadas estão sendo importantes no sentido de filtrar informações que sejam realmente úteis, com finalidade da prevenção apropriada ao momento. O projeto viabilizou orientar com segurança e proteção, para que aflições possam ser minimizadas de forma coerente pensando no bem estar emocional e físico dos velhos e a metodologia usada foi a descritiva de relatos de experiências.
NETO POSTIÇO EM TEMPOS DE CORONAVIRUS
Authors: Osório Neila Barbosa , Silva Neto Luiz Sinésio da , Borges Eliane Lima do Nascimento , Vilela Alenilda Oliveira
Published: October 2020

A presente pesquisa foi realizada no período de isolamento social (quarentena), no mês de março de 2020. Objetivou-se conhecer relatos de ações que a UMA (Universidade da Maturidade da Universidade Federal do Tocantins) desenvolve, por intermédio da reflexão acerca dos benefícios oriundos do projeto Neto Postiço. O público-alvo desta pesquisa compreende idosos com idade igual ou superior a 45 anos de idade, portadores de doenças crônicas (diabetes, hipertensão e asma), uma vez que, segundo estudos publicados na revista British Medical Journal (BMJ), este grupo é o mais propenso a ter complicações que podem vir a ocasionar, fatalmente, até mesmo o óbito por Covid-19. É nesse contexto que, os idosos inseridos no projeto, recebem atenção por meio de diversas ações, voltadas para o atendimento integral deste grupo.
DECOLONIZING THE PRECARIAT WITHIN THE PANDEMIC: Covid-19 versus Human Sciences
Authors: Grilli Marina
Published: October 2020

This work aims at defending the relevance of decolonial thinking towards overcoming the current and future consequences of the crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic. It is an attempt to demonstrate the relation between the lack of acknowledgement of the Human Sciences, especially concerning decolonial thinking purposes, and the catastrophe that falls on Brazil during the current pandemic. The underlying theoretical framework combines historical and sociological guidelines, complemented by recent news on the pandemic’s progression in Brazil. It is argued that leaving Human Sciences behind in order to allegedly prioritize investments in Biological Sciences is nothing more than a trap by the public authorities.
A Learning Analytics Theoretical Framework for Virtual Reality Instructional Applications
Authors: Christopoulos Athanasios , Pellas Nikolaos , Laakso Mikko-Jussi
Published: October 2020

The commercial popularity of Virtual Reality attracted educators’ interest and brought new opportunities to the educational landscape. At the same time, Learning Analytics emerged with the promise to revolutionise the traditional practices by introducing ways to systematically assess and improve the effectiveness of instruction. However, the collection of ‘big’ educational data is mostly associated with web-based platforms as they offer direct access to learners’ activities with minimal effort. On the antipode, the nature of VR limits the opportunities for such data collection. Hence, in the context of this work, we present a four-dimensional theoretical framework, that accounts the information that can be gathered from VR-supported instruction, and propose a set of structural elements which can be utilised for the development of a Learning Analytics prototype system. The outcomes of this work are expected to support practitioners to maximise the potential of their interventions and provide inspiration for new ones.
Analysis of the Impact of Using Catalytic Additives to Fuel on Exhaust Emissions from a Diesel Engine
Authors: Tkaczyk Marcin , Krakowian Konrad , Włostowski Radosław , Sroka Zbigniew
Published: October 2020

The results from laboratory tests and field tests, available in the open literature for over ten years, despite the announcement of high efficiency translating into increased energy efficiency and such significant ecological advantages, have not so far resulted in widespread use of fuel performance catalysts (FPC) on a global scale. Wishing to explain why the above situation occurred and to verify the operation of catalytic additives for fuels; this article presents the results of research on the effect of using catalytic additives for fuel in a brand new diesel engine. The article contains an analysis of the results of exhaust gas emission tests from the Doosan MD196TI engine. During the tests, the engine was fueled with a typical diesel fuel and the same fuel with the a catalyst additive. The catalyst was added to the liquid fuel in the form of a commercially available product distributed by ProOne company under the name FMAX. The research was carried out in the form of a test, much more developed than the approval test on a stationary braking station in accordance with the requirements of ISO 8178. The article is concluded with a comparative analysis of exhaust gas emission results illustrating the effects of a catalyst in the form of reduction of solid particles, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and a slight increase in nitrogen oxide emissions. In addition, the effect of the catalyst depends on the product of thermal (brake) efficiency of the engine and the calorific value (CV) of the fuel used.
The Effectiveness of Reactive Materials for Contaminant Removal in the Process of Coal Conversion
Authors: Grabowski Jacek , Tokarz Aleksandra
Published: October 2020

The technology of permeable reactive barriers (PRB) is one of the most frequently developed methods for protecting soil and water from pollution. These barriers are zones filled with reactive material in which contaminants are immobilized and/or their concentration is reduced to the limit values during the flow of contaminated groundwater. This article presents a study on the efficiency of the removal of contaminants from the post-processing water from the underground coal gasification (UCG) process. The tests were carried out in a laboratory using a flow-through reactor design. The post-processing water came from a UCG experiment carried out in the Barbara mine, Mikołów, Poland. Activated coal, zeolite, and nano-iron were used as the reactive materials in the experiment. The obtained results were compared to tests carried out with reference water (artificial) with strictly defined characteristics. Research has shown that activated carbon is the most effective material used in the reaction zone for removing organic contaminants from groundwater generated during the coal conversion process. A new feature is the use of PRB in a georeactor zone during the UCG process to limit the potential risk of contamination spreading in the case of uncontrolled and unpredictable operation, in emergency situations related to gas leaks into the environment, during underground fires, and for water polluted by high-toxicity substances.
Criterios de retorno al trabajo y determinación del valor de vulnerabilidad por Covid-19
Authors: Velasco-Reyna Rebeca , Hernández-Ávila Mauricio , Méndez-Santa Cruz José David , Ortega-Álvarez Manuel Carlos , Ramírez-Polanco Emmanuell Alejandro , Real-Ornelas Gabriel Alejandro , Toral-Villanueva Rodrigo , Tinajero-Sánchez Juan Carlos , López-Flores Héctor , Flores-Rodríguez Daniel
Published: October 2020

Objetivo. Establecer criterios médicos de retorno al trabajo en personal con riesgo de complicaciones por Covid-19. Material y métodos. Se realizó una revisión sistemática para identificar las condiciones y las características clínicas que influyen en el riesgo de desarrollar Covid-19 grave. Resultados. Se ha demostrado incremento del riesgo en obesidad, edad >60 años, diabetes mellitus, hipertensión arterial, enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica, enfermedad cardiovascular, enfermedad renal crónica y cáncer. Solamente en diabetes se ha estudiado si el control previo influye. Se proponen condiciones específicas y el nivel de riesgo epidemiológico para el retorno al trabajo. Conclusiones. El retorno laboral de estos grupos debe priorizarse buscando favorecer el control de la enfermedad, identificando el estado de salud que incrementa el riesgo y protegiendo el derecho al trabajo. Se presentan recomendaciones para guiar la reincorporación al trabajo.
Importance of congruence between communicating and executing implementation programmes: A qualitative study of focus-group interviews
Authors: Lindholm Lars H. , Laitila Minna , Lassila Antero , Kampman Olli
Published: October 2020

Background The Ostrobothnia Depression Programme (ODP) in Finland was intended to implement two evidence-based brief psychotherapy interventions, namely motivational interview and behavioural activation, in several regional psychiatric teams. A simultaneous effectiveness study was conducted. Considerable tension was encountered between these two arms, causing resistance to change. We conducted a qualitative case study to better understand this tension and to discuss how managerial and executive practices may ensure the successful running of a hybrid design programme. Methods We conducted focus group interviews to evaluate the phases of preparation and practical execution of the ODP from the perspectives of management and the programme executives. To gather the data, we applied the revised Socratic approach for health technology assessment and focus group interviews. We analysed the data deductively according to Normalization Process Theory. Results We identified two main critical issues: 1) The ODP programme plan ignored the team leaders' crucial role in influencing the implementation climate and mobilizing organizational strategies. The ODP had a simplistic top-down design with minimal and delayed collaboration with its target groups in the preparation phase. 2) Incongruence occurred between what the project group had explicitly communicated about being the spearhead of the ODP and what they then actually enacted. These two issues caused tension between the implementation efforts and the effectiveness study as well as resistance to change among the staff. Conclusion Early, open collaboration with all prospective stakeholders towards a shared understanding about the programme is the first action the programme administrators should take. Agreement on goals and the means to achieve them would lower tension between the two arms of a hybrid design programme, thereby reducing resistance to change. Congruence between the goals communicated and the actual managerial and executive actions is of paramount importance in getting the programme recipients on board.
Spatiotemporal Characteristics and meteorological determinants of Hand, Food and Mouth Disease in Shaanxi Province, China: a county-level analysis
Authors: Ding Li , Zhang Ning , Zhu Bin , Liu Jinlin , Wang Xue , Liu Feng , Mao Ying
Published: October 2020

Background: Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is one of the common intestinal infectious diseases worldwide and has caused huge economic and disease burdens in many countries. The average annual incidence rate of HFMD was 11.66% in Shaanxi during the time span from 2009 to 2018. There are distinct differences within Shaanxi, as it is a special region that crosses three temperature zones. Hence, in this study, a spatiotemporal analysis of Shaanxi was performed to reveal the characteristics of the distribution of HFMD and to explore the meteorological determinants of HFMD.Methods: The county-level and municipal data from Shaanxi Province from 2009 to 2018 were applied to research the spatiotemporal characteristics of HFMD and its meteorological determinants. Time series and spatial autocorrelation analyses were applied to assess the spatiotemporal characteristics of HFMD. This study used spatial econometric panel models to explore the relationship between HFMD and meteorological factors.Results: The incidence rate of HFMD displayed no variable trend throughout the whole research period. A high incidence rate of HFMD was observed from June to September, corresponding to a time when the climate is characterized by heavy rain, high temperature, and high humidity. The high-incidence areas were mainly located in the central region in Shaanxi, whereas the low-incidence spots were mainly found in Northern Shaanxi. Regarding the meteorological factors analysed in this study, in general, the incidence rate of HFMD in specific regions was positively associated with the rainfall, temperature and humidity.Conclusion: These results could be applied by the government and the general public to take effective measures to prevent disease. Region-targeted policies could be enacted and implemented in the future according to specific situations in different areas and the relevant meteorological determinants. Additionally, meteorological conditions normally extend to a wide-ranging region; thus, cooperation among surrounding regions is necessary.
Association between omentin-1 and major cardiovascular events after lower extremity endovascular revascularization in diabetic patients: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Biscetti Federico , Nardella Elisabetta , Rando Maria Margherita , Cecchini Andrea Leonardo , Angelini Flavia , Cina Alessandro , Iezzi Roberto , Filipponi Marco , Santoliquido Angelo , Pitocco Dario , Landolfi Raffaele , Flex Andrea
Published: October 2020

Background: Cardiovascular complications represent the major cause of morbidity and mortality of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. In particular, peripheral artery disease (PAD) represents a frequent T2DM vascular complication and a risk factor for the development of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Among adipokines, omentin-1 serum levels are reduced in T2DM patients with PAD and are inversely related to disease severity.Objective: To study the relationship between omentin-1 levels, at baseline, with outcomes after endovascular procedures in T2DM patients with PAD and chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI).Research Design and Methods: We enrolled for our prospective non-randomized study, 207 T2DM patients with PAD and CLTI, requiring revascularization. Omentin-1 serum levels were collected before revascularization and patients incidence outcomes were evaluated at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months.Results: Omentin-1 was reduced in patients with more severe disease (27.24 ± 4.83 ng/mL vs 30.82 ± 5.48 ng/mL, p < 0.001). Overall, 84 MACE and 96 major adverse limb events (MALE) occurred during the 12-month follow-up. We observed that omentin-1 levels were lower in patients with MACE (26.02 ± 4.05 ng/mL vs 31.33 ± 5.29 ng/mL, p < 0.001) and MALE (26.67 ± 4.21 ng/mL vs 31.34 ± 5.54 ng/mL, p < 0.001). The association between omentin-1, MACE and MALE remained significant after adjusting for major risk factors in a multivariate analysis. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve using omentin-1 levels predicted incidence events (area under the curve = 0.80).Conclusions: We demonstrated that reduced omentin-1 levels, at baseline, are related with worse vascular outcomes in T2DM patients with PAD and CLTI undergoing an endovascular procedure.
Synthesis and Application of Magnetic@layered Double Hydroxide as an Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Nanocarrier
Authors: Yousefi Vahid , Tarhriz Vahideh , Eyvazi Shirin , Dilmaghani Azita
Published: October 2020

Background: Magnetic nanocomposites with a core-shell nanostructure have huge applications in different sciences especially in the release of the drugs, because of their exclusive physical and chemical properties. In this research, magnetic@layered double hydroxide multicore@shell nanostructure was synthesized by the facile experiment and is used as novel drug nanocarrier.Methods: Magnetic nanospheres were synthesized by a facile one-step solvothermal route, and then, layered double hydroxide nanoflakes were prepared on the magnetic nanospheres by coprecipitation experiment. The synthesized nanostructures were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, VSM, and TEM, respectively. After intercalation with Ibuprofen and Diclofenac as anti-inflammatory drugs and using exchange anion experiment, the basal spacing of synthesized layered double hydroxides was compared with brucite nanosheets from 0.48 nm to 2.62 nm and 2.22 nm, respectively. Results: The results indicated that Ibuprofen and Diclofenac were successfully intercalated into the interlay space of LDHs via bridging bidentate interaction. In addition, in-vitro drug release experiments in pH 7.4, phosphate-buffered saline (abbreviated PBS) showed constant release profiles with Ibuprofen and Diclofenac as model drugs with different lipophilicity, water solubility, size, and steric effect. Conclusion: The Fe3O4@LDH-ibuprofen and Fe3O4@LDH-diclofenac had the advantage of the strong interaction between the carboxyl groups with higher trivalent cations by bridging bidentate, clarity, and high thermal stability. It is confirmed that Fe3O4@LDH multicore-shell nanostructure may have potential application for constant drug delivery.
Downregulation of Chemokine CCL20 Involved in Myeloma Cells Resistant to Elotuzumab and Lenalidomide
Authors: Wang Huihan , Shi Hua , Yan Wei , He Xiaowei , Liao Aijun
Published: October 2020

Background: Immunotherapy has received an increasing amount of attention in the field of multiple myeloma treatment because it has low-level toxicity however, there are very few studies on immunotherapy drug resistance. This study aimed to initially explore the relevant factors and possible mechanisms of immunotherapy drugs Elotuzumab (Elo) and Lenalidomides’ resistance both in vivo and in vitro. Methods: Cell models which are resistant to Elotuzumab and Lenalidomide were constructed; Different expression genes in UW, UR, UE, and URE cell lines were detected by using gene expression microarray; RT-qPCR validated CCL20 mRNA expression of four cell lines and patient samples; Bioinformatics Analysis of CCL20 expressions in NDMM and RRMM; ELISA detected the presence of CCL20 in the plasma of MM patients; Recovered CCL20 levels could increase the sensitivity of drug-resistant cell lines to immunomodulatory drugs; Constructed lenalidomide-resistant (UR) mouse subcutaneous xenograft model to explore whether or not CCL20 and lenalidomide treatment influenced the tumor volume’s growth. Results: Cell models of drug resistance were successfully constructed and we found that the mRNA expression of CCL20 was down-regulated in resistant UR, UE, and URE cell lines; RT-qPCR confirmed these, and also identified the downregulation of CCL20 in RRMM patients compared with NDMM; bioinformatics analysis found that the mRNA expression of CCL20 was also down-regulated in RRMM patients; Furthermore, RRMM patients were found to have lower levels of CCL20 protein in their plasma when compared to NDMM. CCL20 could increase the sensitivity of UR,UE, and URE cell lines to immunomodulatory drugs in vitro and in vivo. Conclusions: The expression of CCL20 was decreased in lenalidomide and elotuzumab resistant U266 cells and RRMM patients.CCL20 could possibly increase the sensitivity of lenalidomide in vitro and in vivo.
Electroceutically induced subthalamic high frequency oscillations and evoked compound activity may explain the mechanism of therapeutic stimulation in Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Ozturk Musa , Viswanathan Ashwin , Sheth Sameer , Ince Nuri
Published: October 2020

Despite having remarkable utility in treating movement disorders, the lack of understanding of the underlying mechanisms of high-frequency deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a main challenge in choosing personalized stimulation parameters. Here we investigate the modulations in local field potentials induced by therapeutic and non-therapeutic electrical stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in Parkinson’s disease patients undergoing DBS surgery. We find that therapeutic high-frequency stimulation (130-180 Hz) induces high-frequency oscillations (~300 Hz, HFO) similar to those observed with pharmacological treatment. Along with HFOs, we also observed evoked compound activity (ECA) after each stimulation pulse. While ECA was observed in both therapeutic and non-therapeutic (20Hz) stimulation, the HFOs were induced only with therapeutic frequencies and the associated ECA were significantly more resonant. The relative degree of enhancement in the HFO power was related to the interaction of stimulation pulse with the phase of ECA.We propose that high-frequency STN-DBS tunes the neural oscillations to their healthy/treated state, similar to pharmacological treatment, and the stimulation frequency to maximize these oscillations can be inferred from the phase of ECA waveforms of individual subjects. The induced HFOs can, therefore, be utilized as a marker of successful re-calibration of the dysfunctional circuit generating PD symptoms.
Subsequent Identification of a Connective Tissue Disease Amongst Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis : A Long-term Observational Study in 527 Patients
Authors: Ghang Byeong-zu , Nam So Hye , Lee Jungsun , Lim Doo-Ho , Ahn Soo Min , Oh Ji Seon , Hong Seokchan , Kim Yong-Gil , Yoo Bin , Kim Jinseok , Lee Chang-Keun
Published: October 2020

Background: Connective tissue disease (CTD) might occur during the course of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Clinical factors associated with CTD development in IPF patients have still not been identified. We investigated which antibodies have a significant association with the development of CTD during the clinical course of IPF.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 527 patients with a first diagnosis of IPF between January 2007 and March 2014 and investigated the time to CTD development after IPF diagnosis in these patients.Results: CTD developed in 15 patients at a median of 2.1 years (range 1.2–4.8) after IPF diagnosis. All patients had anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) or autoantibodies that met the serology criteria for interstitial pneumonitis with autoimmune features. Survival duration for IPF patients with progression to CTD was 5.3 (3.8, 6.7) years, which was significantly longer than for IPF patients without progression to CTD [2.9 (1.7, 4.8), p = 0.001]. Independent risk factors for CTD development in IPF patients included female gender [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) 5.319, p = 0.0082], titer of rheumatoid factor (RF; adjusted HR, 1.006; p = 0.022), titer of anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA; adjusted HR, 1.009; p = 0.0011), and titer of myeloperoxidase (MPO)-ANCA (adjusted HR, 1.02; p < 0.0001).Conclusions: Progression to CTD is uncommon in IPF patients. However, a significant number of IPF patients with high titers of RF, ACPA, or MPO-ANCA progressed to CTD. RF, ACPA, and MPO-ANCA might be significantly associated with CTD development in IPF patients.
Validation of three different sterilization methods of Tilapia skin dressing: impact on microbiological enumeration and collagen content
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed , Hassan Dalia , Kelany Noura , Kotb Saber , Soliman Mahmoud
Published: October 2020

Background
Tilapia fish skin has demonstrated promise as a stable and practical biological dressing to be used in wound and burn management. However, the appropriate sterilization technique of the Tilapia fish skin is crucial before its clinical application. The standard sterilization technique must eliminate harmful pathogens but maintain the structural and biochemical properties that could compromise the dressing function. This study investigated and compared the efficiency of three sterilizing agents; chlorhexidine gluconate 4% (CHG), povidone iodine 10% (PVP-I), and silver nanoparticles (25 µg/mL) (AgNPs), at three different times (5, 10, and 15 min) on Tilapia fish skin based on the microbial count, histological and collagen properties.
Results
Among the sterilization procedures, AgNPs showed rapid and complete antimicrobial activity, with a 100% reduction in microbial growth of the fish skin throughout the treated times. Furthermore, AgNPs did not impair the cellular structure or collagen fibers content of the fish skin. However, CHG and PVP-I caused alterations in the collagen content.
Conclusion
This study demonstrated that the AgNPs treatment of Tilapia fish skin provided sterile skin while preserving the histological properties and structural integrity. These findings provide an efficient and quick sterilization method suitable for Tilapia fish skin that could be adopted as a biological dressing.
Genome-wide Study of SBT Genes in Eight Plant Species: Evolution and Expression Outlines for Development and Stress
Authors: Wen Sulin , Chen Guanqun , Huang Tingting , Shen Xiaohui
Published: October 2020

Background: Subtilisin-like proteases (or subtilases, SBT), a specific family of serine peptidases, are a very big family in plants. Previous studies showed association of SBTs with environment response and development. However, it is still unclear about the function and features of SBTs. Also, there is little information about SBTs classification or protein function research.Results: The characters of SBTs in eight plant species including Arabidopsis, rice, wheat etc. were analyzed. The analysis mainly contained evolutionary relationship, gene structure, chromosomal location, gene synteny and expression pattern. In short, the evolutionary trend of SBTs in the eight plant species was revealed. The expression pattern showed a scattered distribution of SBTs in diverse plant organs.Conclusions: Our results reveal classification, feature and expression pattern of SBT. Then the results might offer clues for future studies about SBTs and additionally related to their possible function in plants against stress and development.
Dynamic Research on Low-Frequency Vibration Isolation Tables
Authors: Jurevicius Mindaugas , Viselga Gintas , Turla Vytautas , Jurkonis Eugenijus , Tetsman Ina
Published: October 2020

In the paper, an establishment of dynamic characteristics of tabletops of the newly-developed optical tables is being discussed upon. Low-frequency vibration isolation systems are reviewed. Theoretical and experimental tests have been performed. Dynamic models of an optical table on a vibrating platform at different excitations have been developed, the dynamic displacement and the resonance frequencies of the system have been established and vibration transmissibility curves have been presented. The obtained dynamic characteristics of the mechanical passive low-frequency vibration isolation system show that such a system is able to isolate the vibrations effectively. The results of the performed experimental tests confirm the data of the theoretical research.
Wheat / Faba Bean Intercropping Improves Physiological and Structural Resistance of Faba Bean to Fusaric Acid Stress.
Authors: Li Yu , Lv Jiaxing , Zhao Qian , Chen Ling , Dong Yan , Dong Kun
Published: October 2020

BackgroundThe succession cropping obstacle of faba bean are main common and increasingly serious. Soil-borne fusarium wilt is one of the most serious diseases threatening faba bean production. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fabae (FOF) is the causal agent of fusarium wilt. Fusaric acid (FA), produced by FOF, plays an important role in the occurrence of disease, and intercropping is an effective measure for control of disease and for improving host resistance in plants. Intercropping is a traditional farming measure that uses inter-species interaction to control pests and diseases and increase food production. The objective of the current study was to investigate the physiological and biochemical responses, and mechanisms of tissue structure resistance of intercropped faba beans following exposure to FA.ResultsResults demonstrated that increasing concentrations of FA had greater effects on faba beans and intercropping significantly reduced red ink absorption of faba beans (33.2%), increased water content (3.1%) and increased activity of the root antioxidant enzymes peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) (26.3% and 2.2.%, respectively). Furthermore, increased lignin content and callose deposition in plant vessels were observed (12.5% and 42.7%) when subject to the high concentration of FA (200mg.L-1) stress, respectively. Intercropping resulted in more intact root cell morphology, increased occurrence of intracellular vacuoles, cell wall thickness and the number of mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum.ConclusionsThis study contributes to us to understand the wheat / faba bean intercropping system at the physiological, tissue and subcellular levels to effectively alleviate the wilting effect of Fusarium toxin on faba bean.
Preliminary Experience of 980nm Diode Laser Treatment for Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Tumor with En bloc Technique
Authors: Mao Tianci , Zhang Hongyi , Cui Jie , Yan Fengqi , Sun Jinbo , Zhang Wei
Published: October 2020

BackgroundThe disease addiction to chemical substances or drugs such as alcohol (ethanol, C2H5OH) is still not recognised by many medical practitioners as a diagnostic nosology in Ghana. It is usually considered a moral challenge, rather than a medical condition. This perception is propagated even in the Ministry of Health’s Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) policy document which punishes symptoms of substance use disorders. This study seeks to explore the perception and attitude of employers towards employees with alcohol use disorders (AUDs).MethodA qualitative approach of in-depth interviews and observations which described the perceived attitudes of employers (using HR managers as proxy) towards employees with AUD of ten private and public hospitals in the Greater-Accra Metropolis was adopted. The face-to face interviews conducted using a an interview guide were audio-recorded and later transcribed. On average, the interview lasted between 45 and 60 minutes.ResultsFindings from the 10 interviews revealed that psychological factors accounted for AUD regardless of the nature of their work. In spite of prevalence of AUD in some hospitals, it was interesting to know that majority of these facilities had no employee assistance programmes (EAPs) and the few that had some policies on AUD were not implementing them.ConclusionThis paper focused on some aspect of HR managers’ perceived attitude toward an aspect of their mental well-being which is AUD. However, there are other pertinent issues that are crucial to employee total well-being that can be addressed in future research.
Non-canonical glutamine transamination metabolism sustains efferocytosis by coupling oxidative stress buffering to oxidative phosphorylation
Authors: Merlin Johanna , Ivanov Stoyan , Dumont Adélie , Sergushichev Alexey , Gall Julie , Stunault Marion , Ayrault Marion , Vaillant Nathalie , Swain Amanda , Orange Francois , Gallerand Alexandre , Berton Thierry , Martin Jean-Charles , Carobbio Stefania , Masson Justine , Gaisler-Salomon Inna , Maechler Pierre , Rayport Stephen , Sluimer Judith , Biessen Erik , Guinamard Rodolphe , Gautier Emmanuel , Thorp Edward , Artyomov Maxim , Yvan-Charvet Laurent
Published: October 2020

Macrophages rely on tightly integrated metabolic rewiring to clear dying neighboring cells by efferocytosis during homeostasis and disease. Here, we reveal glutaminase (Gls) 1-mediated glutaminolysis is critical to promote apoptotic cell clearance by macrophages during homeostasis. In addition, impaired macrophage glutaminolysis exacerbated atherosclerosis, a condition during which efficient apoptotic cell debris clearance is critical to limit disease progression. Gls1 expression strongly correlated with atherosclerotic plaque necrosis in patients with cardiovascular diseases. High-throughput transcriptional and metabolic profiling revealed that macrophage efferocytic capacity rely on a non-canonical transaminase pathway, independent from the traditional requirement of glutamate dehydrogenase (Glud1) to fuel ɑ-ketogulatrate-dependent immunometabolism. This pathway was necessary to meet the unique requirements of efferocytosis for cellular detoxification and high energy cytoskeletal rearrangements. Thus, we uncovered a novel role for non-canonical glutamine metabolism for efficient clearance of dying cells and maintenance of tissue homeostasis during health and disease.
CircKEAP1 serves as a ceRNA to suppress lung adenocarcinoma progression by activating KEAP1 signal pathway
Authors: Wang Yanbo , Ren Fenghai , Sun Dawei , Liu Jing , Liu BenKun , Pang Sainan , Shi BoWen , Zhou FuCheng , Yao Lei , Lang YaoGuo , Xu ShiDong , Wang JunFeng
Published: October 2020

BackgroundCircular RNAs (circRNAs) are widely expressed noncoding RNAs, and plays a key role in the biological function of competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network in various human diseases, especially in cancer. However, the regulatory roles of circRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains largely unknown. MethodsThe expression profiles of circRNAs in LUAD tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues were analyzed by Agilent Arraystar Human CircRNA microarray. The level and prognostic values of circKEAP1 in tissues and cancer cell lines were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. Then, the effects of circKEAP1 on tumor growth were investigated by functional experiments in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, dual luciferase reporter assay, RNA pull-down and RNA immunoprecipitation experiments were performed to confirm the interaction between circKEAP1 and miR-141-3p in LUAD.ResultsWe found circKEAP1 was significantly downregulated in LUAD tissues, and repressed tumor growth both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circKEAP1 competitively binds to miR-141-3p and relive miR-141-3p repression for its target gene KEAP1, which activated the KEAP1/NRF2 signal pathway, and finally suppress the cell proliferation.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that circKEAP1 inhibits LUAD progression through circKEAP1/miR-141-3p/KEAP1 axis and it may serve as a new target for treatment of LUAD patients.
Determination of Pathophysiological Mechanisms of ALPPS in an Animal Model Using Molecular and Functional Imagings
Authors: Wang Ruifeng , Quan Zhen , Zheng Tongsen , Wang Kai , Liu Yang , Han Zhaoguo , Wang Xiance , Ma Shiling , Liu Lianxin , Lau Wan Yee , Sun Xilin
Published: October 2020

Background: ALPPS (associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy) is a two-stage strategy to induce rapid hypertrophy of future liver remnant (FLR) to increase hepatic tumor resectability and reduce postoperative liver failure rate. Rigorous and accurate determination of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in hypertrophy of FLR in ALPPS is essential to ensure a good success rate in the second stage operation. Methods: An ALPPS model was established in rabbits with liver VX2 tumor. The pathophysiological mechanisms after the first stage of ALPPS in the FLR and tumor were assessed by multiplexed positron emission tomography (PET) tracers and dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI).Results: The tumor volume in the ALPPS model increased significantly from post-stage 1 ALPPS day 14 compared to control animals. The 18F-FDG uptake increased significantly from day 7 onwards in the ALPPS model. A Valid Volumetric Function measured by 18F-FCH showed good values in accurately monitoring dynamics and time window for functional liver regeneration (days 3 to 7). DCE-MRI revealed changes in the vascular hyperpermeability function, with a peak on day 7 for tumor and FLR. Conclusions: Molecular and functional imagings are promising and non-invasive methods to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms of ALPPS with good potentials in clinical application to improve surgical successful outcomes.