bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimating Incident Impacts in Real Time
Authors: Goodall Noah J.
Published: October 2020

During an incident, responders may need to balance the intensity of their response approach against potential congestion delays. Often, these decisions must be made in real time using available data. As one example, a responder may decide to push a crashed truck to the shoulder and risk damaging the cargo. Based on discussions with first responders, this study identified data needs to support cost-benefit decisions made by on-scene incident managers. Procedures for estimating the impacts associated with an ongoing incident are described, considering capacity reductions, queuing, economic losses from congestion, and risks of secondary crashes. These procedures could be encoded in a spreadsheet for dispatch use or as a web site or smart phone application for use at the incident scene.
Machine Learning Models Predicting Daily Affective Dynamics Via Personality and Psychopathology Traits
Authors: Jacobson Nicholas C. , Price George , Song Minkeun , Wortzman Zoe , Nguyen Nhi D. , klein robert
Published: October 2020

To date, numerous studies have examined personality and psychopathology indexes as predictors of affective dynamics, i.e. measures of how emotions change across time. Yet, little research has examined individual differences in personality, pathology, and affective dynamics constructs comprehensively, accounted for non-linear relationships, or examined the out-of-sample generalizations of the predictions. To address these gaps, the current research utilized machine learning models to predict affective dynamics. A large variety of baseline personality and psychopathology traits (pathological personality measures, clinical anxiety, depression, anger, sleep, affective instability scales, the big five personality traits, interpersonal circumplex measures, and control beliefs) were used to predict the affective dynamics derived from person-specific modeling of affect across a 50-day daily diary study. The results showed that baseline personality traits significantly predicted the strength of day-to-day affective dynamics for emotional variability, relative emotional variability, emotional instability, emotional inertia, and emotional cyclicality for both positive and negative affect (rs 0.152-0.444). Although broadly neglected in prior research, the results suggested that interpersonal circumplex measures most strongly predicted a number of affective dynamics.
Do children learn from their prediction mistakes? Evaluating error-based theories of language acquisition
Authors: Fazekas Judit , Jessop Andrew , Pine Julian , Rowland Caroline F
Published: October 2020

Error-based theories of language acquisition suggest that children, like adults, continuously make and evaluate predictions in order to reach an adult-like state of language use. However, while these theories have become extremely influential, their central claim - that unpredictable input leads to higher rates of lasting change in linguistic representations – has scarcely been tested. We designed a prime surprisal-based intervention study to assess this claim. As predicted, both 5- to 6-year-old children (n=72) and adults (n=72) showed a pre- to post-test shift towards producing the dative syntactic structure they were exposed to in surprising sentences. The effect was significant in both age groups together, and in the child group separately when participants with ceiling performance in the pre-test were excluded. Secondary predictions were not upheld: we found no verb-based learning effects and there was only reliable evidence for immediate prime surprisal effects in the adult, but not in the child group. To our knowledge this is the first published study demonstrating enhanced learning rates for the same syntactic structure when it appeared in surprising as opposed to predictable contexts, thus providing crucial support for error-based theories of language acquisition.
Simplicity and validity in infant research
Authors: Kominsky Jonathan F. , Lucca Kelsey , Thomas Ashley J , Frank Michael C. , Hamlin Kiley
Published: October 2020

Infancy researchers have often drawn rich conclusions about early capacities to understand abstract concepts like "causality" or "prosociality" from infants' responses to highly simplified and artificial stimuli, leading to questions about the validity of studies utilizing these methods. Indeed, do these stimuli effectively illustrate abstract concepts to infant participants? And if they do, why not assess infants’ cognitive capacities using ecologically valid stimuli of the sort that infants encounter in their everyday lives? Here, using examples from infant cognitive and social developmental research, we make explicit the underlying logic of using simplified stimuli in studies with infant populations by discussing the tradeoff infancy researchers are forced to make between measurement validity and ecological validity. Though we agree that concerns about the validity of simplified stimuli that emerge from this trade-off are founded, we argue that results from these studies should not be dismissed purely on ecological grounds. Rather, we present guidelines for productively challenging the validity of infant research in ways that further our understanding of infant cognition.
Social Sampling: Children track social choices to reason about status hierarchies
Authors: Heck Isobel Azani , Kushnir Tamar , Kinzler Katherine
Published: October 2020

We tested whether preschool-aged children (N = 280) track an agents’ choices of individuals from novel social groups (i.e., social choices) to infer an agent’s social preferences and the social status of the groups. Across experiments, children saw a box containing two groups (red and blue toy cats). In Experiment 1, children were randomly assigned to Social Selection in which items were described as “friends” or to Object Selection in which items were described as “toys.” Within each selection type, the agent selected five items from either a numerically common group (82% of box; selections appearing random) or a numerically rare group (18% of box; selections violating random sampling). After watching these selections, children were asked who the agent would play with among three individuals: one from the selected group, one from the unselected group, or one from a novel group. Only participants who viewed Social Selection of a numerically rare group predicted that the agent would select an individual from that group in the future. These participants also said an individual from the selected group was the “leader.” Subsequent experiments further probed the Social Selection findings. Children’s reasoning depended on the agent actively selecting the “friends” (Experiment 2) and children thought a member of the rare selected group was the “leader” but not the “helper” (Experiment 3). These results illustrate that children track an agent’s positive social choices to reason about that agent’s social preferences and to infer the status (likelihood of being a “leader”) of novel social groups.
Wealth Transfers and Net Wealth at Death: Evidence from the Italian Inheritance Tax Records 1995–2016 (v.2, Mar 2021)
Authors: Acciari Paolo , Morelli Salvatore
Published: October 2020

In this paper we describe a novel source of data on the full record of inheritance taxes in Italy, covering up to 63% of total deceased. The work documents a substantial rise in the total value of inheritance and gifts as a share of national income, from 8.4% in 1995 to 15.1% in 2016. Consistent with the increasing role of total personal net wealth in the economy, the weight of inheritance and gifts in Italy appears relatively high by international standards. Over the same period, total wealth left at death has also become increasingly concentrated. The estates valued at at least one million Euros were worth 18.7% of total estate in the mid-1990s and 24.8% in 2016. This paper also documents that revenues collected from the inheritance tax underwent a large decline from 0.14% to 0.06% of total tax revenue between 1995 and 2016. Data also allow a disaggregated analysis by demographic and geographic characteristics. (Stone Center on Socio-Economic Inequality Working Paper Series) v2
Visibly better? Testing the effect of ethnic appearance on citizen perceptions of the police
Authors: Davies Tom , Bradford Ben , Yesberg Julia , Pósch Krisztián
Published: October 2020

Ethnic minority officers continue to be underrepresented across UK police forces. Further, some ethnic minority groups consistently report lower levels of confidence in police compared to their White British counterparts. Although there is consensus that a more ethnically representative police service is a good idea, there is limited evidence in the UK on how the public perceives officers of different ethnic appearance, and how this relates to trust, confidence and legitimacy. This paper presents findings from an online experiment (n=260) exploring how ethnic appearance affects perceptions of police. Our findings offer rare empirical support for a more ethnically representative police force. First, across respondents, we found that Black officers were perceived significantly more favourably than White or Asian officers. Second, we found that Black respondents had more negative responses to White officers, yet there was little evidence that Black officers elicited more negative reactions from White or Asian respondents. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of the findings.
Autoregulation in Resistance Training for Lower Limb Tendinopathy: A Potential Method for Addressing Individual Factors, Intervention Issues and Inadequate Outcomes
Authors: Burton Ian
Published: October 2020

Musculoskeletal disorders such as tendinopathy are having an increasing burden on society and health systems. Tendinopathy is responsible for up to 30% of musculoskeletal disorders, having a high incidence in athletes and the general population. Although resistance training has shown short-term effectiveness for treating lower limb tendinopathy, more comprehensive exercise protocols and progression methods are required due to poor long-term outcomes. The most common resistance training protocols are pre-determined and standardised, which presents significant limitations. Current standardized protocols do not adhere to scientific resistance training principles and do not consider individual factors or take the importance of individualised training into account. Resistance training programs in tendinopathy are currently not achieving required intensity and dosage, leading to high recurrence rates. Therefore, better methods for individualising and progressing resistance training are required to improve outcomes. One potential method is autoregulation, which allows individuals to progress training at their own rate, taking individual factors into account. Despite being found effective for increasing strength in healthy athletes, autoregulation methods have not been investigated in tendinopathy. The purpose of this article was threefold: first to give an overview of individual factors in tendinopathy and current resistance training protocols in tendinopathy and their limitations. Secondly, to give an overview of the history, methods and application of autoregulation strategies both in sports performance and physiotherapy. Finally, a theoretical adaptation of a tendinopathy resistance training protocol with autoregulation methods is presented, providing an example of how the method could be implemented in clinical practice or future research.
Degradasi Integritas Kepemimpinan dan Upaya Preventif
Authors: Gulo Arif Yupiter
Published: October 2020

Kepemimpinan adalah proses mempengaruhi atau memberi contoh oleh pemimpin kepadapengikutnya dalam upaya mencapai tujuan organisasi (Wikipedia). Yakob Tomatalamengatakan, kepemimpinan ialah suatu proses terencana yang dinamis melalui periode waktudalam situasi (suatu atau berbagai situasi yang di dalamnya pemimpin menggunakan, prilaku(Pola/gaya) kepemimpinan yang khusus dan sarana serta prasarana kepemimpinan/sumber untukmemimpin menggerakkan dan mempengaruhi bawahan (Pengikut-pengikut) guna melaksanakantugas/pekerjaan (menyelesaikan tugas) ke arah (dalam upaya pencapaian) tujuan yangmenguntungkan (membawa keuntungan yang timbal balik) bagi pemimpin dan bawahan sertalingkungan sosial di mana mereka hidup. Ironisnya, observasi penulis menemukan degradasidalam kepemimpinan Kristen dewasa ini.
DOSES DE POTÁSSIO E LÂMINAS DE IRRIGAÇÃO NA QUALIDADE DE MUDAS DE EUCALIPTO
Authors: Ramalho Antonio Henrique Cordeiro , Maffioletti Fernanda Dalfior , Trazzi Paulo André , Ramalho Eduardo Cordeiro , Fiedler Nilton Cesar
Published: October 2020

A produtividade florestal depende das potencialidades genéticas das matrizes, do ambiente proposto pelos substratos, frequência de irrigação, disponibilidade de luz, nutrição e das condições fitossanitárias. Assim, objetivou-se com o presente estudo analisar os efeitos da aplicação de potássio e de irrigação na qualidade de mudas de Eucalyptus urophylla. Para tal adotou-se o delineamento experimental em parcelas subdivididas definindo as 2 lâminas de irrigação (10 mm e 15 mm) como parcelas e os 5 níveis de potássio (0; 1,2; 2,4; 4,8; e 9,6 g L-1) como subparcelas, em 5 repetições compostas por 9 plantas. A comparação entre os métodos foi feita através teste de Tukey com 5% de probabilidade. Aos 120 dias, foram avaliadas: altura da parte aérea, diâmetro do colo, massa seca da parte aérea e da raiz. O tratamento testemunha apresentou as melhores médias em todos os parâmetros, sendo considerado o mais eficiente. A lâmina de irrigação de 15 mm foi considerada a mais eficiente. Portanto, conclui-se que qualquer que seja o incremento de potássio na produção de mudas, o mesmo deve se relacionar harmonicamente com a quantidade pré-existente no substrato base e com as exigências da cultura, de maneira que haja equilíbrio entre todas as partes.
Palavras-chave: manejo hídrico; rustificação; substrato; casa de sombra.
 
IRRIGATION AND POTASSIUM LEVELS IN THE QUALITY OF EUCALYPTUS
 
ABSTRACT:  Forest productivity depends on the genetic potential of the matrices, the environment proposed by the substrates, frequency of irrigation, availability of light, nutrition and phytosanitary conditions. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the effects of potassium and irrigation on the quality of Eucalyptus urophylla seedlings. For this purpose, the experimental design was adopted in subdivided plots, defining the 2 layers of irrigation (10 mm and 15 mm) as plots and the 5 levels of potassium (0; 1.2; 2.4; 4.8; and 9.6 g L-1) as subplots, in 5 repetitions composed of 8 plants. The comparison between the methods was made using the Tukey test with a 5% probability. At 120 days, the following were evaluated: height of the aerial part, diameter of the neck, dry mass of the aerial part and the root. The control treatment showed the best averages in all parameters, being considered the most efficient. The 15 mm irrigation blade was considered the most efficient. Therefore, it is concluded that whatever the potassium increase in the production of seedlings, it must be harmoniously related to the pre-existing quantity in the base substrate and to the requirements of the culture, so that there is balance between all parts.
Keywords: water management; rustification; substrate; shadow house.
EFEITO DO AMBIENTE LUMINOSO EM FORRAGEIRAS DE CLIMA TROPICAL EM SISTEMAS SILVIPASTORIS
Authors: Santos Alyce Raiana Monteiro , Gomes Fagner Junior , Ximenes Elen Silma Oliveira Cruz , Aragão Wesley Filipe Dutra Ximenes , Silva Andréa Carvalho da
Published: October 2020

Alterações no ambiente luminoso provocam mudanças adaptativas nas plantas, na tentativa de manter o seu crescimento e desenvolvimento. Objetivou-se com esta revisão investigar e descrever o efeito do ambiente luminoso no crescimento e desenvolvimento de forrageiras de clima tropical em sistemas silvipastoris. A compreensão da influência do ambiente luminoso e, das mudanças biológicas que as diferentes intensidades do sombreamento podem causar nas forrageiras de clima tropical, possibilita fundamentar as alterações metabólicas das respostas das plantas na tentativa de se manterem persistentes em sistemas sombreados. A partir disso, entender quais são os níveis aceitáveis de radiação para que os sistemas de produção sombreados não entrem em colapso é fundamental para que tomadas de decisões sejam realizadas no tempo hábil do ciclo biológico das espécies vegetais. Em sistemas silvipastoris, a redução da luz incidente em forrageiras de clima tropical provoca alterações como aumento da área foliar específica, redução na densidade populacional de perfilhos e na relação raízes: parte aérea da planta. Cada espécie ou cultivar apresenta características adaptativas específicas ao sombreamento com a finalidade de aproveitar os recursos disponíveis em tecidos fotossintéticos e de suporte. No entanto, ainda assim o sombreamento intenso (>40%) afeta negativamente a produção forrageira de acordo com a variabilidade climática.
Palavras-chave: adaptação morfofisiológica; fotossíntese; luz; plantas C4.
 
EFFECT OF THE LIGHT ENVIRONMENT IN TROPICAL CLIMATE FORAGES IN SILVOPASTORAL SYSTEMS
 
ABSTRACT:  Changes in the light environment cause adaptive changes in plants, to maintain their growth and development. The aim of this review is to investigate and describe the light environment effect on the growth and development of tropical forages in silvopastoral systems. The understanding of the influence of the light environment and the biological changes that different shading intensities can cause in tropical forages, makes it possible to substantiate the metabolic alterations of plant responses to remain persistent in shaded systems. From this, understanding what are the acceptable levels of radiation so that the systems do not collapse is essential for decision-making to be carried out in a timely manner in the plant's biological cycle. In silvopastoral systems, a light incidence reduction on tropical forages causes changes such as an increase in the leaf area index, reduction in the tiller population density, and shoot: root ratio. Each species or cultivar has adaptive characteristics specific to shading to take advantage of the resources available in photosynthetic and support tissue. However, even so, the intense shading (> 40%) negatively affects forage production according to climatic variability.
Keywords: morphophysiological adaptation; photosynthesis; light; C4 plants.
Optimization of mineral nutrition of maize hybrids on the basis of plant diagnostics
Authors:   National Scientific Centre «Institute of Agriculture of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, Asanishvili N. M.
Published: October 2020

The article presents the results of research conducted during 2016-2019 on the impact of different rates of mineral fertilizers and by-products of the predecessor on the content of chemical nutrients in plants and the yield of maize hybrids in the Forest-Steppe. The aim of the research was to establish the peculiarities of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium accumulation in maize plants in ontogenesis in relation to the yield of hybrids of early and middle-early maturity groups to optimize the mineral nutrition of the crop. The research was conducted on dark gray wooded soil using field, chemical, calculation-weight and mathematical-statistical methods. According to the stages of growth and development of BBCH, the peculiarities of the dynamics of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in plants of hybrids with FAO 190 and 280 depending on the agrochemical load of growing technology are established. Varietal regularities of concentration of chemical elements in maize plants in connection with the accumulation of dry matter by crops in ontogenesis and yield were revealed. Hybrids with the corresponding genetically determined level of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium content in plants have been identified and its influence on the realization of genotype productivity potential has been shown. The decisive role of potassium and nitrogen in the formation of the corn crop on dark gray wooded soil has been experimentally proved and confirmed on the basis of statistical and correlation analyzes. All hybrids were characterized by high tightness of correlations between yield and content in plants of nitrogen (r = 0.760–0.934) and potassium (r = 0.755–0.943) during the growing season as opposed to phosphorus, where these connections were of medium strength (r = 0.334–0.589) and only partially close (r = 0.702–0.806). According to the results of plant diagnostics of mineral nutrition of plants, the most effective growing technologies with different agrochemical loading are singled out, which ensure the yield of early and middle-early maize hybrids in agro-climatic conditions of the Forest-Steppe at 9.56–10.39 and 11.21–12.10 t/ha.
The influence of mineral fertilizers and growth regulators on formation of the symbiotic apparatus of field pea varietieS in the conditions of Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine
Authors:   STATE AGRARIAN AND ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY IN PODILIA, Bahmat M. I. , Plahtiy D. P. ,   STATE AGRARIAN AND ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY IN PODILIA, Nebaba K. S. ,   STATE AGRARIAN AND ENGINEERING UNIVERSITY IN PODILIA
Published: October 2020

The article presents the main results reached in our study of the influence of mineral fertilizers and growth regulators on formation of the symbiotic apparatus of field pea varieties of the conditions of Western Forest-Steppe. Experimental part of the research was carried out during 2016-2018 in the experimental field of the Training and Production Center "Podilya" at the State Agrarian and Engineering University in Podilya. The field experiment was laid down in the research ten-digit crop rotation. Soil of the experimental field was the typical black earth, characterized as deep, low-humus, and heavy gravel on forest-like loams. The research was set under the optimal conditions for the formation of nodulation apparatus on the roots of the following pea varieties: Gotovsky, Chekbek and Fargus. During the growth stage BBSN 60-69, with application of N30P30K45 fertilizer combined with Vimpel growth regulator, was recorded both the highest general number of nodules per plant, and the highest number of active nodules. With the same combination of mineral fertilizer and growth regulator, the Gotovsky variety demonstrated the rates of 43,2 nodules per plant, including 19,1 active nodules per plant; the Checkback variety demonstrated the rates of 52.2 nodules per plant, including 23.4 active nodules per plant; the Fargus variety demonstrated 41.6 nodules, 16.2 active nodules per plant, respectively.
IT ENTERPRISE KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN THE CONDITIONS OF REMOTE WORKFLOW
Authors: HEIDOR Alla , KASHPRUK Alona
Published: October 2020

The article is dedicated to the basic principles ofIT enterprise knowledge mana­gement system formation. Approaches to determining strategic structural components and factors which influence the successful functioning of the system are deepened and sys­tematized. The generalized system of IT enterprise’s intellectual potential management in the conditions of remote workflow is created.
CUSTOMS AFFAIRS IN THE CONDITIONS OF COVID-19
Authors: KARAVAYEV Taras , KALUGA Nina
Published: October 2020

Background. The COVID-19 pandemic declared by the WHO in March 2020 have significantly affected almost all sectors of economy and life spheres, including the imple­mentation of customs affairs. Introduced changes in the trade and customs policy of count­ries of the world, legislative changes and quarantine measures have affected the activity of the customs authorities of Ukraine, which requires a separate study. Analysis of recent researches and publications has shown that the published up to date papers aren’t systematic and can’t claim to be a complete analysis of the problems and challenges related with the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on customs affairs at the WCO level and in Ukraine. The aim of the paper is to analyze the WCO measures and the implementation of cus­toms affairs by the customs of the State Customs Service of Ukraine in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods. General scientific methods such as the systematic approach, theo­retical generalization and comparison, analysis and synthesis have been used in the research. Results of the research. Globally, the WCO and partner organizations have develop­ped measures to achieve the balance between combating the spread of COVID-19 and ensuring continuity of supply chains. The quarantine measures introduced in the world and in Ukraine have affected the activities of the customs authorities of the State Customs Service. At the first stage, 94 checkpoints across the state border and points of control were temporarily closed, 38 of which remain closed till now. The total number of vehicles passed through the customs border of Ukraine in January-September 2020 compared with 2019 decreased by more than 2 times to 6.7 million units. The largest reductions were fixed for road, air and river transport. The total volume of customs declarations of the MD-2 form decreased by 5.7%. However, the number of other customs documents, according to which goods are sent in international postal and express shipments, has significantly increased. Conclusion. In the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic, the WCO focused their attention of customs administrations on taking the necessary measures to protect customs personnel who in direct contact with citizens and carriers when crossing borders. The mea­sures introduced in Ukraine in connection with the spread of COVID-19 have affected the activity of the customs authorities of the State Customs Service. However, the customs officials carried out customs formalities promptly and according to the current legislation and international treaties of Ukraine.
COMPLIANCE OF HOTEL BUSINESS PROCESSES UNDER PANDEMIC CONDITIONS
Authors: BOVSH Liudmila , KULYK Mariia
Published: October 2020

Background. New challenges related to the global pandemic have led to the need to create new requirements for the implementation of activities that are projected to become a new standard of hotel services and a new criterion for the quality of services in the next few years. A posteriori scientific developments, institutional regulations and practical results are gradually being introduced into the business philosophy and gaining relevance. Therefore, they can be used as a priori probabilities to build a system of compliance control of business processes, which correlate with the maintenance of a sufficient level of hotel comfort and quality provision of additional hotel services. Analysis of recent researches and publications on this topic has revealed that the issue of building a system of compliance control of business processes is relevant in many areas of socio-economic life: public administration, business management in the world, but in Ukraine analytical developments in the hotel sector are not enough attention. The aim of the research is formalizing and substantiating the compliance of business processes in the hotels under pandemic conditions. Materials and methods. General economic methods such as comparison, theoretical generalization and grouping are used in the study. The methodology of statistical research and gap analysis were implemented to assess the components of business process comp­liance. The methods of analysis and synthesis were used to generalize analytical research and propose conclusions. Results. The elements of the system of compliance of business processes in the hotel business are analyzed; it is proved that the use of this system allows maintaining a suffi­cient level of hotel comfort and quality provision of additional hotel services. The financial gap is considered in terms of the minimum cost of providing anti-epidemic tools and procedures with financial sanctions (fines) imposed by local authorities. The expe­diency of using collaborative CRM in the field of compliance of hotel business processes is substantiated, which allows hotels to effectively optimize business processes and faci­litate the implementation of control. Conclusion. Today in Ukraine in the conditions of a pandemic there are new challenges that have caused the need to form new requirements for the implementation of activities, which are projected to become a new standard of hotel services and a new criterion for service quality in the next few years. Therefore, the construction of a system of compliance control of business processes, which correlate with the maintenance of a suffi­cient level of hotel comfort and quality provision of additional hotel services is by conducting activities in the field of hospitality. The approaches proposed in the article to the creation of a system of compliance of business processes in the hotel allow simplifying and making this system a flexible management tool capable of rapid responses to external threats, including pandemic and man-made disasters.
TRANSPARENCY OF BANKS REPUTATION RISK
Authors: SHULGA Nataliia , ZHENZHERUKHA Petro
Published: October 2020

Background. Necessitate of this study can be explained by the following factors: growing requirements of the Basel Committee for risk management and transparency of banking activities, active development of electronic sales channels for banking products, intensification of communication links between stakeholder etc. The aim of this research is to study a set of theoretical, methodological and prac­tical provisions for assessing the level of transparency of the reputation riskin banks and development of proposals of rising level of transparency. Materials and methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the scientific works of foreign and domestic scientists devoted to assessing the level of trans­parency of banks. The research process uses a set of scientific approaches and methods, such as: theoretical generalization, quantitative and qualitative comparison, grouping, scientific abstraction, analysis, synthesis, logic. Conclusion. During our research we have found that domestic banks pay very little attention to reputational risk compared to foreign ones. In particular, there is no infor­mation on methodologies and practices for managing and assessing reputation risk. Fati­gue, a relatively strong side of Ukrainian banks is the coverage of their social and envi­ronmental responsibilities. In order to increase the efficiency of the risk management system of Ukrainian banks and its transparency, and, above all, CSR, we propose to develop appropriate methodological support; create a special functional unit and a profile committee for reputation risk mana­gement; to amend the legislation of the NBU, in which the regulator would formulate requirements for banks to disclose information on key determinants and infrastructure of risk management of the bank’s reputation.
IMPROVEMENT OF APPROACHES AND METHODS OF TURBULENT FLOW THEORY IN THE PIPES
Authors:   National University of Water and Environmental Engineering, Volk L.R.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The article consideres the analysis of the literature about the development of the water turbulent flow theory in the pipes. According to the results of analysis and theoretical studies, we obtained mathematical models. These models described the kinematic structure of the water turbulent flow in the pipes for different regions of turbulence. For the first time, the hypothesis was accepted that the dependence obtained from the Navier-Stokes differential equation for constructing the velocity profile in the laminar regime is suitable for calculating the average velocities in the turbulent regime of flow, but for this, it is necessary to replace the molecular kinematic viscosity with the total turbulent kinematic viscosity, which includes kinematic viscosity on the inner surface of the pipe and turbulent kinematic viscosity , which occurs due to the movement of masses from one layer into another, as recommended in J.V. Boussinesq. Based on experimental data I. Nikuradze and F.O. Shevelev, we obtained a distribution of the total kinematic viscosity in the pipes, including the kinematic viscosity on the pipe inner surface and the kinematic turbulent viscosity. For the first time, we used the kinematic viscosity distribution equation in the pipes and obtained the averaged velocity profile equation. This equation corresponds to the boundary conditions on the pipe inner surface and on the axis of the pipe. The equation of maximum averaged velocity, the equation of distance from the axis of the pipe to the points having average velocity, the equation of the ratio of maximum velocity to average velocity was obtained. For the first time, the equation of the tangent stresses components ( , ) and the tangent stresses equation in radial coordinates ( ) were obtained. The equation of the maximum value of the tangent stresses located on the inner surface of the pipe was obtained. The tangent stresses assume a zero value on the pipe axis. The equation of the vortex components ( , ) was obtained. We have shown that vortex lines are concentric circles whose centers are located on the pipe axis. The equation of angular velocity of flow particles rotation relative to the vortex lines was obtained. The maximum value of the particle rotation angular velocity on the pipe inner surface is determined. It decreases monotonically to zero on the axis of the pipeline. It is zero on the pipe axis. In this article, all equations reveal the kinematic structure of the water flow. We described these equations by the Reynolds number and the pipe friction factor. Such equations are adopted to show the dependencies between the regimes and the flow kinematic structure. These equations make it possible to calculate the distribution profile of the total kinematic viscosity, averaged velocity, tangential stresses and angular velocity of flow particle rotation.
AN ANAEROBIC-AEROBIC BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF WASTEWATER AT THE LOW-PRODUCTIVITY PLANT
Authors:   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Fesik L.A. , Sorokina N.V. ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Geraskina E.А. ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Airapetian T.S. ,   O.M. Beketov National University of Urban Economy in Kharkiv
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The urgency of the problem of local biological treatment of domestic wastewater from housing in non-canalized areas with improving the quality of treated wastewater to the level of requirements for discharge into fishery bodies of water is considered. The analysis of the state of local wastewater treatment is given. Existing technological schemes and methods of local sewage, which are used for sewage treatment, are considered. The results of theoretical and experimental studies of a complex of a local anaerobic-aerobic biological treatment of domestic wastewater from housing in non-canalized areas at the low-productivity plants are presented. The results of theoretical and experimental researches of complex of local anaerobic-aerobic biological purification of domestic wastewater of habitation in non-canalized areas at the low-productivity plants are given. On the basis of the analysis of work and embodiment of low-productivity plants, used in home and foreign practice of local treatment of domestic wastewater the expediency of application flowing multistage anaerobic-aerobic biological purification of domestic wastewater with use of communities of attached and free-swimming microorganisms is shown. The proposed low-productivity plant, which includes a three-stage aerobic biological treatment of anaerobically treated wastewater is described. The use of ruff fillers for the retention of hydrobionts gives the opportunity to clear salvo discharge, rapid restoration of the activity of the ruff fillers (for example, in power outages). The ruff fillers make it possible to organize an appropriate trophic chain of hydrobionts, which dramatically reduces the amount of excess biomass and the removal of suspensions in treated wastewater. Using the experiments in laboratory conditions and at real industrial treatment plant of a new design there were received parameters of work of stages of anaerobic and aerobic biological purification, the law of nitrification and denitrification processes, the law of specific speed of oxidation of organic pollution in specific conditions of anaerobic-aerobic technology; the opportunity of reception of quality of treated wastewater at the level of the requirements of the specifications for dump of drains in fishing reservoirs is proved.
AERATED CONCRETE AS AN ENERGY-EFFICIENT MATERIAL FOR WALLS
Authors:   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zavoloka M.V. , Zavoloka Yu.M. ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Grynyova І.І. ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zavoloka Yu.V. ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: October 2020

Abstract. In the context of tightening the thermo-technical requirements for building envelopes, the benefits and advantages of energy-efficient wall material of autoclaved aerated concrete and aerated concrete products are shown. Domestic and foreign researches in the field of rational use of autoclaved aerated concrete for external walls in modern construction of energy-efficient buildings and optimization of structural solutions of aerated concrete walls are generalized. The most important thermos-physical characteristic for assessing the thermal resistance of external walls made of aerated concrete is the value of the thermal conductivity coefficient. The moisture content of aerated concrete has a significant effect on thermal conductivity, the release moisture is several times higher than the calculated moisture content stipulated by the standards for construction heat engineering and operating conditions. In the initial stages of construction, the moisture content of aerated concrete exceeds the moisture content established in the normative documentation by operating conditions, which requires recalculation of the thermal resistance of the walls of buildings taking into account the real moisture content of aerated concrete used during construction. A detailed explanation of the dependence of the heat flow through the enclosing structure on its resistance to heat transfer, established in the form of a hyperbola, is given, and the dependence of the difference in thermal conductivity on the moisture content of aerated concrete blocks is presented. When analyzing the effect of moisture on the thermal conductivity of aerated concrete, was used the characteristic deviation ± Δλ of thermal conductivity of aerated concrete in a wet state from the thermal conductivity of concrete in a dry state was used. Based on the results of the experiment carried out at OSACEA, the main conclusions and recommendations for determining the coefficient of thermal conductivity of aerated concrete in dry and wet conditions are given. Some aspects of energy saving in construction practice are presented, based on materials prepared by Doctor of Technical Sciences, prof. Gagarin V.G. The need to improve specific energy-saving measures is shown, which should be economically viable and not reduce the durability of construction objects. Generalized conclusions and recommendations are given.
THE EFFECT OF MODIFIED ADDITIVES ON STRENGTH AND FROST RESISTANCE IN FIBROUS CONCRETE OF RIGID ROAD PAVEMENTS
Authors:   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Mishutin A.V. , Chintea L. ,   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The research is devoted to the development of compositions of modified fiber concrete of rigid road pavements with high strength and frost resistance through the use of metakaolin and a polycarboxylate type superplasticizer. The compressive strength, tensile strength under bending and frost resistance of concrete and fiber concrete of rigid road pavements were investigated according to the 4-factor optimal plan. In the experiment the amount of concrete components varied: Portland cement, polypropylene fibers, metakaolin, the polycarboxylate type additives Coral ExpertSuid-5. All mixtures had equal mobility P2 and their W/C depended on the composition of concrete. The use of polypropylene fiber and metakaolin necessitates an increase of W/C to maintain the mobility of the mixture. Increasing the amount of Coral ExpertSuid-5 additive in concrete to 0.9-1% allows to reduce significantly W/C of the mixture. Metakaolin as an active mineral additive increases the compressive strength and tensile strength of concrete. Rational in terms of increasing strength is the amount of metakaolin at the level of 20..22 kg/m3. With an increase in the amount of Coral ExpertSuid-5 additive to 0.9..1% due to a decrease of W/C, the compressive strength of concrete increases by 5..7 MPa, and the tensile strength increases by about 0.5 MPa. Due to the introduction of polypropylene fiber, the tensile strength of concrete in bending increases by 0.6..0.9 MPa. But dispersed reinforcement does not affect the compressive strength of concrete. The developed fiber concrete using a rational amount of modifiers, depending on the amount of Portland cement in the composition, has a compressive strength from 55 MPa to 70 MPa and tensile strength from 8 MPa to 9.5 MPa. The high strength of fiber-reinforced concretes allows their use in road pavements with the highest load. Frost resistance of concrete increases by 50 cycles or more when using fiber in an amount of 1.5-2 kg/m3. Due to the use of a rational amount of modifiers (0.8-1% Coral ExpertSuid-5 additive and 15-20 kg/m3 metakaolin), frost resistance of concrete and fiber concrete increases by 50-100 cycles. The developed modified fiber concretes of rigid road pavements depending on the amount of Portland cement in the composition have frost resistance from F350 to F450, which ensures their sufficient durability.
RESEARCH OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE ORGANO-MINERAL COMPLEX OF BAUCHEMI ON THE PHYSICO-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF SLAG-CONTAINING CEMENT
Authors:   LLC «Bauhemi Ukraine», Moskalenko A.A.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The influence of the Bauhemi organo-mineral complex on the physical and mechanical properties of slag-containing Portland cements has been investigated. The composition of the organo-mineral complex has been optimized according to the criteria of setting time and strength. It has been shown that the expansion of the beginning of setting and its end is positively influenced by the presence of the plasticizer MC-PowerFlow2695 from 0.4 to 0.8% and the organo-mineral complex CentrilitNC and CentrilitFumeSX in the amount from 3 to 6.5%, which with a simultaneous increase in the slag content from 0 to 30% in the composition of Portland cement, the start / end time of setting increases from 150/190 to 185/250 minutes. It is noted that at the age of 7 days, the introduction of an organomineral complex of the composition MC-PowerFlow2695 from 0.2 to 3.5%, CentrilitNC from 4.5 to 7% and CentrilitFumeSX from 3 to 6.5% contributes to a slight decrease in strength from 3.86/13.95% with a simultaneous increase in the slag content in the composition of Portland cement in the amount of 10 and 30% compared with no additive Portland cement. At the grade age, at the noted concentrations of the Bauhemi organo-mineral complex, the strength of Portland cement with 10% slag increases by 5.4%, and with a slag content of 30%, it decreases by 9.73% compared with no additive Portland cement. Using the method of superposition of response functions, the optimal range of permissible concentrations of the components of the Bauhemi organo-mineral complex, affecting the stated criteria, was determined when the slag content in Portland cement was 10 and 30%, namely: MC-PowerFlow 2695 from 0.28 to 0.5%, CentrilitNC from 4 to 6.8% and CentrilitFumeSX from 3.07 to 6.61%. Further research will be aimed at studying the effect of this complex on the physical and mechanical properties with a slag content of 50 and 70% in the composition of Portland cement.
THE IMPACT OF URBANIZATION PROCESSES ON THE CHANGE OF THE REGULATIONS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE HISTORICAL QUARTERS OF GAZA (PALESTINE)
Authors:   Kharkov National University of Civil and Architecture, Nahed Aldohdar Hammouda
Published: October 2020

Abstract. Urbanization processes of the historic urban environment, characteristic of the development of historic cities in the twentieth century, are associated with the redistribution of urban resources, which in most cases have a negative impact on the state and conditions of preservation of the historic environment of old urban centres. The article analyses the impact of urbanization processes on the state of monuments of architectural and archaeological heritage and traditional construction of the old city quarters of Gaza in Palestine. The architectural and archaeological heritage of Palestinian cities is characterized by a diversity of cultures that throughout history have been subject to destruction and transformation caused by the effects of war, changes in political regimes, from Canaanite civilization to the present.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE INFLUENCE OF WAVES ON THE BREAKWATER OF A PARTIAL VERTICAL PROFILE
Authors:   Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Synytsia R.V.
Published: October 2020

Abstract. The article is devoted to the issues of physical experimental researches connected with the determination of the parameters of wave quenching when overflowing them through the superstructure of enclosing hydraulic structures (ENS) of incomplete vertical profile. The research was conducted in the hydrowave laboratory of the Department of Hydraulic Engineering of the Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture. The article presents partial results of experiments performed on ENS of incomplete vertical profile. The models were made on a geometric scale and were subjected to wave effects similar to the conditions of the natural section of the coast of the Odessa Bay in compliance with the criteria of similarity. The construction of new structures of enclosing hydraulic structures requires careful primary experimental research. These researches mostly often carried out on physical models in specialized hydrowave laboratories, allow to get rid of risks of financial losses at the wrong choice of types and elements of the designed objects. The carried out researches allow estimating with a high degree of reliability, according to scale conditions, physics of the processes proceeding on models which will also be observed at the operation of real construction. The physics of the process of hydrodynamic impact on hydraulic structures is often difficult to describe only with the help of a mathematical model, which confirms the high degree of importance of physical experiments. The progress of technical science largely depends on the ability to make more accurate measurements. High-precision measuring equipment was used in laboratory tests. This paper describes the method of conducting experiments that were performed on one physical model, under three different conditions of the location of the superstructure relative to the quiet level, as well as different values of the initial wave heights. The use of structures of incomplete vertical profile, in order to protect the waters of seaports, as well as elements of the coastal infrastructure of maritime cities will increase economic attractiveness by reducing financial costs, thanks to the reduction of the topside of the enclosing structures.