bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Carbon Emission Reduction Potential: A Case Study of Low Carbon Demand Response Technology in Fangshan District, Beijing
Authors: Dai Zhiqiang , Pei Xun , Xu Yunuo , Zhang Tianyi , Lv Lanchun
Published: February 2024

Responding to the low-carbon demands of power users helps the power industry unlock carbon emission reduction potential, transmit carbon reduction responsibilities, and hold significant importance for energy conservation and carbon reduction. Currently, there is relatively limited empirical research on carbon emission demand responses in different industries. Therefore, this article, based on dynamic carbon accounting technology and combined with power planning and operation simulation data in Fangshan District, proposes a low-carbon demand response mechanism guided by user-side carbon reduction, using dynamic carbon emission factors as guiding signals. Furthermore, an assessment model for the carbon reduction potential of a low-carbon demand response technology is constructed. Finally, empirical research is conducted on the estimated carbon emission reduction of 108 enterprises in 6 different industries in Fangshan District based on the assessment model. The results indicate that carrying out low-carbon demand response can reduce enterprise carbon emissions, and changes in enterprise capacity and industry affiliation will have a significant impact on the carbon reduction effect. This study introduces a novel approach to the low-carbon development of the power system load side, offering a fresh perspective on the empirical analysis of low-carbon development for typical receiving-end power grids.
Safety–Function–Environment Evaluation System for Large-Span Cable-Supported Bridges: Theory and Case Studies
Authors: Zhang Shaoquan , Tan Yanke , Ge Hanbin , Zhang Qilin
Published: February 2024

Compared with common bridges, large-span cable-supported bridges contain more components, are located in a more complex environment, and play a more important role in traffic system sustainability. Throughout the service life, it is more necessary to evaluate their safety, functionality, and environmental status. In this study, a comprehensive evaluation system is proposed to fill the gap using advanced sensor-guided structural health monitoring data and probability-based digital twins. Safety evaluation is the basis of the system and can be divided into overall and component levels. The former includes an over-limit analysis of main structural responses and degradation identification of dynamic characteristics. The abnormal areas discovered in this phase and the hot spots prompted by prior information during the design process will be checked in the latter. The functional assessment of this system is mainly based on checklist-type inspection and is often carried out together with appearance inspection and non-main structural component detection. Environmental assessment includes the monitoring and analysis of wind fields, temperature, humidity, foundation scour, and traffic flow and is the source of external information in the aforementioned two modules. The temperature and humidity of the example bridges are basically uniformly distributed along the spatial dimension, fluctuating over a period of one day.
Analysis of Influencing Factors of the Energy Transition Process in Sustainable Nautical Tourism: Case Study—The Netherlands
Authors: Crețu Raluca Florentina , Gheorghe Silviu , Șerban Elena Claudia , Țuțui Daniela , Crețu Romeo Cătălin
Published: February 2024

According to the International Maritime Organization, the shipping industry contributes to 3.3% of global CO2 emissions. Reducing carbon emissions by 50% for all ships by 2050 is the main concern of all stakeholders. In the last 20 years, the share of renewable energy sources in electricity production in the European Union has doubled, from around 15% to almost 35%. The main driver of this development has been the increase in the share of wind energy and solar photovoltaic energy. The authors of this paper aim to analyze the favorable influencing factors and the inhibiting factors affecting the energy transition process applied to nautical tourism, from polluting energy to renewable solar energy. The research approach consists of using the framework provided by the energy transition process from the perspective of the socio-technical and economic approach, by applying a qualitative research method with a deductive approach. The tool used to achieve the objective is a semi-structured interview, which brings up concrete issues that operators in this field are currently facing. The research unitarily, holistically, and specifically approaches the problem of energy transition from polluting sources to renewable ones offered by solar energy, in the case of nautical tourism with direct implications on the specific industry in The Netherlands. The research results are structured in four areas: technological, governance, economic, and user preferences. This research has the potential to provide support for finding optimal solutions to encourage users to accelerate the energy transition process by adopting sustainable solutions for nautical tourism.
Circular Economy Practices in the Context of Emerging Economies
Authors: Ali Sadia Samar , Weber Gerhard-Wilhelm , Tirkolaee Erfan Babaee , Goli Alireza
Published: February 2024

A circular economy (CE) is a key solution to dealing with resource crises in terms of waste produced and the resources consumed [...]
Knowledge Exchange and Innovation Adoption Preferences of Arable Growers in Ireland’s Atlantic-Influenced Climate
Authors: Jameson Jack , McDonnell Kevin , Alwarnaidu Vijayarajan Vijaya Bhaskar , Forristal Patrick D.
Published: February 2024

The adoption of innovations, such as alternative crop establishment systems, can have significant impacts on farming systems and sustainability. The recent increased adoption of non-inversion establishment systems in Ireland allowed for an evaluation of technology adoption practices and information source use and access. Of the 154 arable growers surveyed, 50% practiced plough-based establishment and 50% used non-inversion establishment (min-till, strip-till, and direct drill systems). Differences in socio-demographics, farm characteristics, innovation adoption preferences, information sources, and information access methods used by growers who operated different systems were recorded. Direct drill growers had higher formal education levels and more off-farm employment than other growers and were prepared to take more risk than min-till growers, who were prepared to take more risk than plough-based growers in technology adoption scenarios. For both major change and agronomic decisions, non-inversion growers (especially direct drill) had substantially more non-Irish information sources in their top three information sources, suggesting the need for more national research on these systems in Ireland. Access to information through in-person interactions and print media was preferred by most. This study highlights the risk, where appropriate research is not available, of early adopters overly relying on non-validated information, potentially leading to the adoption of less sustainable practices.
Identifying Diabetic Retinopathy in the Human Eye: A Hybrid Approach Based on a Computer-Aided Diagnosis System Combined with Deep Learning
Authors: Atcı Şükran Yaman , Güneş Ali , Zontul Metin , Arslan Zafer
Published: February 2024

Diagnosing and screening for diabetic retinopathy is a well-known issue in the biomedical field. A component of computer-aided diagnosis that has advanced significantly over the past few years as a result of the development and effectiveness of deep learning is the use of medical imagery from a patient’s eye to identify the damage caused to blood vessels. Issues with unbalanced datasets, incorrect annotations, a lack of sample images, and improper performance evaluation measures have negatively impacted the performance of deep learning models. Using three benchmark datasets of diabetic retinopathy, we conducted a detailed comparison study comparing various state-of-the-art approaches to address the effect caused by class imbalance, with precision scores of 93%, 89%, 81%, 76%, and 96%, respectively, for normal, mild, moderate, severe, and DR phases. The analyses of the hybrid modeling, including CNN analysis and SHAP model derivation results, are compared at the end of the paper, and ideal hybrid modeling strategies for deep learning classification models for automated DR detection are identified.
Dietary Exposure and Health Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Black Tea Consumed in Taiwan
Authors: Harrison Drewyan Minelly , Chang Wei-Chung , Lin Hsin-Tang
Published: February 2024

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are organic compounds found in many foods and drinks, and there have been some concerns over these compounds due to their carcinogenic nature. This study evaluated the concentrations of PAH4 (BaP, BaA, BbF, and CHR) in different black tea infusions and drinks based on the origin of the tea. The release of PAH4 from tea leaves to tea infusions was significantly low, with the highest transfer being 25.81%. The mean concentrations of BaP and PAH4 in tea infusions were used to conduct a risk assessment for the Taiwanese population, which showed that the 19–65 age group had the highest estimated intake of PAH4 and BaP among all age groups. These results, however, also showed margin of exposure (MOE) values well above the benchmark of 10,000. This indicated that PAH exposure from black tea consumption for the Taiwanese population constitutes a low-level health concern.
Difference of Microbial Community in the Stream Adjacent to the Mixed Antibiotic Effluent Source
Authors: Kim Jin-Wook , Hong Young-Kyu , Kwon Oh-Kyung , Kim Sung-Chul
Published: February 2024

Released antibiotics from source to stream can influence bacterial communities and potentially alter the ecosystem. This research provides a comprehensive examination of the sources, distribution, and bacterial community dynamics associated with varied antibiotic release sources adjacent to the stream. The residual of antibiotics from different sources was determined, and the bacterial community structure was examined to reveal the differences in the bacteria community in the stream. The residual of antibiotics was quantified with liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and the Illumina MiSeq platform was utilized to sequence bacterial 16S rRNA genes, providing comprehensive insights into the bacterial community structure in the sediment across five different sites. Results indicated that the presence and distribution of antibiotics were significantly influenced by released sources. In the case of the bacterial community, the Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were the most dominant phyla in the sediment, and especially, the Firmicutes showed higher abundance in sites mostly affected by livestock sources. Additionally, livestock gut bacteria such as Clostridium saudiense, Proteiniclasticum ruminis, and Turicibacter sanguinis were prevalent in antibiotic-contaminated sites adjacent to livestock facilities. Overall, this study provides critical insights into the effect of antibiotic contamination by verifying the relationship between the occurrence of antibiotic residuals and the alteration in the bacterial community in the stream.
Visualization of Early RNA Replication Kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 by Using Single Molecule RNA-FISH Combined with Immunofluorescence
Authors: Pathak Rajiv , Eliscovich Carolina , Mena Ignacio , Cupic Anastasija , Rutkowska Magdalena , Chandran Kartik , Jangra Rohit K. , García-Sastre Adolfo , Singer Robert H. , Kalpana Ganjam V.
Published: February 2024

SARS-CoV-2 infection remains a global burden. Despite intensive research, the mechanism and dynamics of early viral replication are not completely understood, such as the kinetics of the formation of genomic RNA (gRNA), sub-genomic RNA (sgRNA), and replication centers/organelles (ROs). We employed single-molecule RNA-fluorescence in situ hybridization (smRNA-FISH) to simultaneously detect viral gRNA and sgRNA and immunofluorescence to detect nsp3 protein, a marker for the formation of RO, and carried out a time-course analysis. We found that single molecules of gRNA are visible within the cytoplasm at 30 min post infection (p.i.). Starting from 2 h p.i., most of the viral RNA existed in clusters/speckles, some of which were surrounded by single molecules of sgRNA. These speckles associated with nsp3 protein starting at 3 h p.i., indicating that these were precursors to ROs. Furthermore, RNA replication was asynchronous, as cells with RNA at all stages of replication were found at any given time point. Our probes detected the SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, and also suggested that the BA.1 strain exhibited a slower rate of replication kinetics than the WA1 strain. Our results provide insights into the kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 early post-entry events, which will facilitate identification of new therapeutic targets for early-stage replication to combat COVID-19.
Correction: Lacy et al. Human Rabies Treatment—From Palliation to Promise. Viruses 2024, 16, 160
Authors: Lacy Marian , Phasuk Nonthapan , Scholand Stephen J.
Published: February 2024

In the original publication [...]
Modernization of Railway Wagons for Customer Satisfaction and Safety
Authors: Nedeliaková Eva , Valla Michal , Masár Matej
Published: February 2024

This article focuses on the assessment of the efficiency of the modernization of railway wagons intended for passenger transport. The modernization of railway wagons is an important step towards ensuring the safer and more efficient operation of railways. However, this modernization is not without risks and, in addition to its many positive effects, it can also bring new challenges in the form of breakdowns and technical problems. Failures in passenger rail vehicles are a challenge facing manufacturers and transport operators, and identifying the relationships between these failures can help to improve the design, manufacture, and maintenance of these vehicles. Passenger rail vehicle failures can vary in nature, whether mechanical, electrical, or inside the vehicle. This paper attempts to provide a comprehensive view of the effectiveness of passenger rail car retrofitting based on the data collected and statistical analyses. The article further focuses on the description of selected rail passenger wagons, describes the analyses of the statistical data using the correlation between the selected rail wagon failures and their significance, in addition to whether the impact of modernization reduces the number of rail wagon failures. The results of this statistical analysis can be used to better understand the impact of modernization on different aspects of passenger transport and will help in making future investment and policy decisions in this area. © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
A Nonparametric Regularization for Spectrum Estimation of Time-Varying Output-Only Measurements
Authors: Csurcsia Péter Zoltán , Ajmal Muhammad , De Troyer Tim
Published: February 2024

In this work, an advanced 2D nonparametric correlogram method is presented to cope with output-only measurements of linear (slow) time-varying systems. The proposed method is a novel generalization of the kernel function-based regularization techniques that have been developed for estimating linear time-invariant impulse response functions. In the proposed system identification technique, an estimation method is provided that can estimate the time-varying auto- and cross-correlation function and indirectly, the time-varying auto- and cross-correlation power spectrum estimates based on real-life measurements without measuring the perturbation signals. The (slow) time-varying behavior means that the dynamic of the system changes as a function of time. In this work, a tailored regularization cost function is considered to impose assumptions such as smoothness and stability on the 2D auto- and cross-correlation function resulting in robust and uniquely determined estimates. The proposed method is validated on two examples: a simulation to check the numerical correctness of the method, and a flutter test measurement of a scaled airplane model to illustrate the power of the method on a real-life challenging problem.
Simulation of Gauged and Ungauged Streamflow of Coastal Catchments across Australia
Authors: Bari Mohammed Abdul , Khan Urooj , Amirthanathan Gnanathikkam Emmanuel , Tuteja Mayank , Laugesen Richard Mark
Published: February 2024

Australia is a unique continent, surrounded by the ocean, and the majority of its catchments flow to the coast. Some of these catchments are gauged and others are ungauged. There are 405 gauged catchments covering 2,549,000 km2 across the coastal regions of 12 drainage divisions in Australia, whereas there are 771 catchments conceptualised as ungauged covering additional 835,000 km2. The spatial and temporal distribution of mean annual rainfall and potential evaporation (PET) vary significantly from one drainage division to another. We developed a continuous daily streamflow time series of all gauged and ungauged catchments from 1993 onwards. We applied the daily GR4J lumped conceptual model to these catchments. The performance of gauged catchments was analysed through (i) visual inspection of daily hydrographs, flow duration curves, and daily scatter plots; and (ii) performance metrics, including NSE and PBias. Based on the NSE and PBias, performance ratings of 80% and 96% of the models, respectively, were found to be ‘good’. There was no relationship found between the catchment area and the model performance. The ungauged catchments were divided into four categories based on distance from potential donor catchments, where observed data are available for GR4J model calibration, and Köppen climate zone. The total ungauged catchments represent 24.7% of the total drainage division areas. The streamflow from ungauged catchments was estimated using the GR4J model based on the parameters of their donor catchments. Overall, runoff ratios from ungauged catchments were found to be higher compared to their donor-gauged catchments, likely driven by their higher rainfall and less PET. This tendency was particularly evident in two drainage divisions—the Carpentaria Coast (CC) and the Tanami–Timor Sea Coast (TTS)—where ungauged areas comprised 51% and 43%, respectively. The mean gauged annual streamflow varied significantly across drainage divisions—230 gigalitres (GL) from the South Australian Gulf (SAG) to 146,150 GL in TTS. The streamflow from all ungauged catchments was estimated at 232,200 GL per year. Overall, the average streamflow from all drainage divisions, including gauged and ungauged areas, across the coastal regions of Australia was estimated at 419,950 GL per year. This nationwide estimate of streamflow dataset could potentially enhance our understanding of coastal processes and lead to improvements in marine modelling systems and tools.
Basis for a One Health Approach—Inventory of Routine Data Collections on Zoonotic Diseases in Lower Saxony, Germany
Authors: Schnepf Anne , Hille Katja , van Mark Gesine , Winkelmann Tristan , Remm Karen , Kunze Katrin , Velleuer Reinhard , Kreienbrock Lothar
Published: February 2024

Two-thirds of human infectious diseases are zoonotic diseases and routine data collections exist for each sector (human, veterinary, environmental). However, these operate separately and the collected data are not integrated across sectors. Publicly available information on these routine data collections in terms of metadata and the information collected is sparse. The aim was to create an inventory of routine data collections in the Federal State of Lower Saxony, Germany. A systematic screening of existing routine data collections from the human and veterinary sectors on zoonotic infectious diseases was carried out on the basis of expert interviews. A standardised template was used to collect relevant metadata on data collections and pathogens they contain. The template was transferred to Research Electronic Data Capture tools. We recorded metadata for 19 veterinary, 16 human and 2 other data collections, and for 69 different zoonotic pathogens. The frequencies of a selection of metadata were analysed descriptively. The data collections, which served different purposes, differed, e.g., in underlying population and sampling strategy, export format and access to the original data. We identified challenges for integrated analyses of data from different collections, which need to be addressed to develop a One Health monitoring and surveillance system.
Climate match fails to explain variation in establishment success of non-native freshwater fishes in a warm climate region
Authors: Hill Jeffrey E. , Tuckett Quenton M. , Lawson Katelyn M.
Published: February 2024

For non-native species, climate can act as a primary filter limiting establishment. Numerous studies examining climate similarity between native and introduced regions have been completed for temperate areas, however we know little about how well climate matching performs for warmer regions. For non-native freshwater fish introduced to warm regions, one potential problem with climate matching is that fish from both temperate and tropical source regions could establish. Our goal was to examine whether climate matching can predict the establishment of non-native freshwater fish for a warm climate region. We used CLIMATCH, a widely applied climate matching program, to analyze climate similarity between source and target regions for 37 successfully established species and 36 species that have failed to establish. CLIMATCH was calculated in two ways for successfully established species, with Florida records included (post hoc) and without Florida records (a priori). The mean post hoc score for successful species was higher than that of failed species; however, the mean a priori score for successful species did not significantly differ from failed species. On average, post hoc scores were inflated 1.5 times over a priori scores. The post hoc result is tautological—the scores are high because the species is successful, and the species is successful because the scores are high. These results highlight two issues for climate matching: (1) as commonly done post hoc, degree of climate match and predictive power may be overestimated and (2) a priori applications may lack predictive power. We recommend consideration of these issues in the use and interpretation of CLIMATCH for prediction. Additional research into regional importance of climate variables (temperature and precipitation) is warranted, especially in warm climate regions.
Various types of land ownership used by organizations and citizens for agricultural production
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution ", Alakoz V. V. ,   Federal Scientific Center for Agrarian Economics and Social Development of Rural Areas – All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Economics",   (FGBNU FSC VNIIESKh), Moscow, Russia, Gorin A. D. ,   Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Center for Agrarian Economics and Social Development of Rural Areas – All-Russian Research Institute of Agricultural Economics" (FGBNU FSC VNIIESKh), Moscow, Russia
Published: February 2024

This article considers some negative aspects in the field of agricultural land use and land relations, requiring the targeted measures to correct these trends and eliminate possible negative impact.
Kontribusi Teknologi Irigasi Pompa dan Pemahaman Petani dalam Mendukung Produksi Tanaman Pangan di Lahan Sawah Tadah Hujan
Authors: Trinugroho Muchamad , Arif Sigit Supadmo , Susanto Sahid , Nugroho Bayu Dwi Apri , Prabowo Abi
Published: February 2024

Teknologi irigasi pompa di lahan sawah tadah hujan untuk mendukung produksi tanaman pangan sangat dibutuhkan. Penerapan teknologi irigasi pompa harus mempertimbangkan faktor komponen teknologi serta kesiapan sumber daya manusia secara individu maupun institusi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis kontribusi faktor teknologi dan menjelaskan tingkat pemahaman petani terhadap penerapan teknologi irigasi pompa. Metodologi penelitian yang digunakan terdiri dari metode teknometri dan analisis deskriptif menggunakan 40 kuesioner yang diedarkan kepada petani, pengelola kelompok tani, dan pengelola irigasi di Desa Tambakromo di Kecamatan Cepu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat pemahaman responden dari kuat sampai sangat kuat tehadap kandungan teknologi technoware, humanware, orgaware dan infoware. Hasil analisis tingkat pemahaman petani terhadap teknologi dan komponennya termasuk dalam kategori kuat dan sangat kuat, sedangkan hasil analisis teknometrik kandungan teknologi menunjukkan teknologi irigasi pompa air dalam kategori semi modern dan tingkatan yang baik. Hasil kajian ini sebagai masukan bagi pemerintah, petani dan pihak yang berkepentingan yang lain dalam menentukan strategi yang tepat dalam penerapan teknologi irigasi di lahan sawah tadah hujan.
Percepción de los alumnos de las clases online y virtuales durante la contingencia
Authors: Rosado Juan Fernando Casanova , Bojórquez María Alejandra Sarmiento , González Mayté Cadena
Published: February 2024

Se entiende por educación en línea a aquella en la que los docentes y estudiantes participan en un entorno digital a través de las nuevas tecnologías y de las redes de computadoras. El objetivo fue Identificar la percepción de los alumnos de la licenciatura en odontología sobre el aprovechamiento de las clases en línea en este período de pandemia. Un formulario, fue enviado a 82 alumnos de 4º semestre en odontología. Fueron 82 alumnos encuestados, con un promedio de edad de X=19.40, el 69.1% fueron mujeres. El 92.7% cuentan con un dispositivo para su educación online; el 65.9% tiene conexión a internet de muy mala a regular, el 50% su conexión a internet es regular, 9.8% mala y 6.1% muy mala. El 17.3% mencionaron que las clases online o virtuales les parecen indiferente o regulares, y el 81.7% las consideran importantes o muy importantes. Este estudio muestra que, aunque el 81.7% de los alumnos consideraron muy importantes las clases online existe un 17.3% que son indiferentes o regulares; es importante señalar que el 65.9% mencionó tener una conexión muy mala o regular de internet. Debemos ponderar que los docentes logren estimular la necesidad de aprender de los alumnos, así como lograr que mejore su conexión a internet.
Didactic and interactive project with PIC microcontroller and CAN network for temperature and luminosity control
Authors: Machado Pedro Paulo da Cunha
Published: February 2024

This work presents the development of a didactic and interactive project, composed of four distinct modules: the first module is used for reading and controlling temperature; the second module, for reading and controlling luminosity; the third module is an RS232/CAN serial interface; The fourth module has a transceiver for serial communication between a personal computer and the network. The first, second, and third modules were built using PIC18F4580 microcontrollers with integrated CAN and were programmed in C language using the MikroC integrated development environment. The software for serial communication between the microcomputer and module III was written in Object Pascal language using the Delphi programming environment. Serial communication tests were performed between the microcomputer and the third module, obtaining positive results in data acquisition and transfer and command exchange through the CAN network, demonstrating a distributed data system among the modules on the bus.
The importance of developing a manual for the Military Police of Paraná - PMPR on the safety of dignities
Authors: Formanquevski Jenifer
Published: February 2024

The general objective of this article was to highlight the importance of developing a manual for the protection of dignitaries for the preparation and training of military police officers in Paraná to fulfill this role. This was a bibliographical, exploratory, descriptive and qualitative review that was developed based on already prepared material, consisting mainly of books, procedural manuals, monographs and scientific articles with the aim of supporting a training manual for military police officers. The results showed that the security of dignitaries is an activity that is carried out by individuals, but also by the majority of military contingents, with the objective of preventing, mitigating or reacting against hostile actions that are directed at dignitaries, demanding a level of professionalism and specialization that can only be obtained through adequate preparation of its agents. It was concluded that this activity carried out by military police requires the development of a training manual that is specially designed and planned to respond effectively and quickly to a set of threats that can be prevented for the safety of dignitaries.
SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL PIUTANG DALAM MENGELOLA PIUTANG MACET (STUDI KASUS PADA UPK KECAMATAN CIPUTAT TIMUR)
Authors: Tahang Moh , AR Rasmawati , Hakim Melati Puspita , Anggraeni Dea Widya
Published: February 2024

PNPM Mandiri Rural is a program to accelerate poverty alleviation in an integrated and sustainable manner. The vision of PNPM Mandir in rural areas is to realize the welfare and independence of the rural poor. Based on the vision, mission and strategies developed, PNPM emphasizes the importance of empowerment as the chosen approach in rural areas. Through PNPM Mandiri Rural it is hoped that the community will be able to complete the stages of empowerment, namely achieving independence and sustainability. The Mandiri Rural National Community Empowerment Program (PNPM) in East Ciputat District, South Tangerang City began operating in January 2017. For the community, especially MSMEs, they really feel the benefits of these Mandiri PNPM programs, especially for programs from funds provided lent by PNPM Mandiri Pedesaan. The collectibility of receivables over the last three years was in the percentage of collectibility I for the current category at 63%, collectibility II for the special mention credit category at 12%, collectibility III for the substandard category at 4% while collectibility for the IV category was doubtful at 3% and finally collectability V the bad credit category is 19%, with an average non-performing loan of 25%. This percentage shows that receivables over the last three years have not been good with current credit collectibility of 63% with the NPL being in the high risk category. With a percentage figure of 25%. From the conclusion of the percentage figures above, the effectiveness of controlling receivables based on the results of the NPL collectibility ratio is not good, but the circulation of receivables still continues today because the SPP program is a government program that is social assistance with a positive vision and mission to improve living standards by providing business financing for mothers. RTM (Poor Households) to become more independent and productive in developing businesses and opening up jobs, even on a small scale.

Key words: Internal Control System, Bad Debt Management, Receivables
Application of low-frequency electrostatic therapy in respiratory system diseases
Authors: Rozhkova N. D. , Antonyuk M. V.
Published: February 2024

The question of enhancing treatment eﬀectiveness in managing respiratory diseases based on physiotherapeutic methods remains highly relevant. We consider the possibility of using pulsed low-frequency electrostatic massage therapy in the rehabilitation treatment of patients with chronic obstructive heart disease, bronchial asthma, pneumonia, and cystic ﬁbrosis. The biological action and therapeutic eﬀects of low-frequency electrostatic therapy are presented. Eﬀects of low-frequency electrostatic therapy on muscle tone, as well as its decongestion, trophic, and regenerative action, are demonstrated. The mechanisms of pathogenetic action in respiratory pathologies require further research and elucidation.
Carbon monoxide and carboxyhemoglobin contents in exhaled air and blood pressure levels with diff erent nicotine delivery pathways
Authors: Nevzorova V. A. , Stolarova E. A. , Priseko L. G. , Achmetova A. A.
Published: February 2024

Aim. To assess the content of CO and COHb in exhaled air and the level of blood pressure (BP) in the working-age population of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk when using various means of nicotine delivery.

Materials and methods. The study participants (n = 503) were surveyed using a questionnaire. The BP and oxygen saturation parameters were assessed. The content of CO and COHb content in exhaled air was measured using a smokerlyzer. Statistical processing was performed using nonparametric methods.

Results. The study group was dominated by males (58.3%). A high incidence of smoking was observed among females, with up to 42% in the general group and 48.8% in the group of consumers of alternative nicotine delivery systems (ANDS). A correlation between the content of CO and COHb and the smoking experience of more than 10 years was established, regardless of the means of nicotine delivery. Arterial hypertension was registered among 39.8% of the surveyed participants, with a higher frequency in cigarette smokers (28.8%, p = 0.02). This was associated with a greater proportion of individuals (62%) with a long smoking experience of more than 10 years (p = 0.003). A weak direct correlation was established between an increase in blood pressure and the content of CO and COHb (p < 0.001).

Conclusion. The share of females as active consumers of tobacco products has grown, particularly in the form of ANDS. Among smokers, the average high level of CO and COHb prevails, which correlates with the smoking experience of more than 10 years and does not depend on the means of nicotine delivery. A direct relationship between the intensity of smoking and the risk of hypertension was established.
Assessment of the respiratory function of patients after COVID-19 pneumonia for medical rehabilitation
Authors: Belyaev A. F. , Fotina O. N. , Kharkovskaya T. S. , Kondrashova N. M.
Published: February 2024

Aim. To study the indicators of external respiration function in older patients after coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) with the purpose of creating personalized rehabilitation programs.

Materials and methods. A study of respiratory function after coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) was conducted in 109 patients with the average age of 63.7 ± 2.2 (51.3% men and 48.7% women) and the lung damage of more than 25%.

Results. The patients after coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) show a decrease in respiratory function indicators, such as VC, FVC, FEV1, and SPO2, as well as an increased Tiﬀeneau –Pinelli index.

Conclusion. Timely detection of respiratory disorders in patients after COVID-19 pneumonia allows timely diagnosis of respiratory failures and selection of adequate rehabilitation measures.
The present and future of forensic genetics
Authors: Fominykh T. A. , Ulanov V. S. , Zakharova A. N. , Kiselev V. V.
Published: February 2024

In this article, we discuss the current state and future directions in the ﬁeld of forensic genetics. The DNA analysis of biological traces found at a crime scene, which was ﬁrst used in a criminal investigation in 1987, did revolutionize forensic science. Over the past three decades, signiﬁcant advances have been made in the recognition capacity, speed, and sensitivity of DNA proﬁling methods, as well as in their capability of typing increasingly complex patterns. Creation of DNA databases of criminals and crime scenes, as well as population allele frequencies, allows suspects to be identiﬁed from crime scene samples and DNA evidence to be statistically processed to verify its reliability. At present, it has become possible to identify even single cells left at a crime scene and to successfully analyze ancient human remains. Forensic DNA proﬁling can be used to identify not only individuals known to the investigating authorities. Experts are increasingly applying new genetic markers that can expand the scope of DNA proﬁling methods. Modern developments enable extraction of new types of forensically signiﬁcant information from biological traces, e.g., using molecular approaches to searching for individuals previously unknown to investigators. New methods have been proposed to identify the relationship between the donors of forensic samples and the crimes committed. Modern advances in the decoding of the human genome, as well as the availability of genome-wide analysis and sequencing techniques, pave the way for new forensic DNA tools capable of enhancing the quality of forensic science in the near future.
Prospects for integrating the Far East recreational potential into the medical rehabilitation system
Authors: Shumatov V. B. , Gvozdenko T. A. , Shestopalov E. Yu.
Published: February 2024

In this article, we generalize the results a research study into natural healing resources in the Far East. The regions of the Russian Far East possess a significant and unique natural potential for comprehensive medical rehabilitation. The main therapeutic resources of the area, including its climate, mineral waters, and therapeutic muds, are characterized. Issues associated with the task of integrated use of natural and physical resources in effective spa treatment and comprehensive rehabilitation are discussed. The major action mechanisms of natural therapeutic factors widely used in spa treatment are outlined, and the possibilities of their integration with the system of medical rehabilitation are substantiated.
Health dynamics of children and adolescents in the Far Eastern federal district in 2013–2020
Authors: Gritsina O. P. , Yatsenko A. K. , Trankovskaya L. V. , Maistrovskaya Yu. V. , Ermakova D. A. , Shestakova S. D.
Published: February 2024

Aim. To identify trends in the primary morbidity of children and adolescents in the Far Eastern Federal District.

Materials and methods. A retrospective analytical study of the dynamics of primary morbidity in children and adolescents by disease class was conducted.

Results. Among the children population, a very high and high stability of the decrease in morbidity rates was established (R = -0.714– (-1.0)) for all classes of diseases. Among the adolescent population, a weak stability in the decrease in morbidity rates was characteristic of VII Diseases of the eye and adnexa (R = -0.262) and X Respiratory diseases (R = -0.262); a moderate stability of IV Diseases of the endocrine system, nutritional disorders, and metabolic disorders (R = -0.333); a moderate stability of IX Diseases of the circulatory system (R = -0.623); and a high stability among all other classes (R= -0.738 – (-0.928)). In the older age group, weak resistance to growth dynamics was determined in classes III Diseases of the blood, hematopoietic organs, and certain disorders involving the immune mechanism (R = 0.024) and VIII Diseases of the ear and mastoid process (R = 0.095).

Conclusion. The data obtained forms a basis for further research into regional risk factors that contribute to poor health of the population. The ﬁndings can also be used to predict the health status of younger generations.
Effect of various pharmacotherapy regimens on the state of carbohydrate metabolism in patients with urination disorders
Authors: Danilov V. V. , Eliseeva E. V. , Danilov V. V. , Volnykh I. Yu. , Tyrtyshnikova A. V. , Piskun M. M. , Danilov V. V.
Published: February 2024

Aim. To evaluate the eﬃcacy and safety of various pharmacotherapy regimens in patients with urination disorders and type 2 diabetes mellitus during their preparation for surgery.

Materials and methods. In total, 130 people (56 men and 74 women) aged from 18 to 81 years (average 65 years) were included in the research. All the patients were on standardized hypoglycemic therapy in combination with alpha1-blockers (doxazosin, terazosin) and vitamin-like drugs (alpha-lipoic acid, levocarnitine). Patients were divided into male and female subgroups, as well as into age subgroups, including under 65 years and over 65 years. Tabular methods of assessing the clinical symptoms of urinary disorders were used, along with instrumental, laboratory, and statistical methods (Mann-Whitney test, Spearman rank correlation coeﬃcient).

Results. The duration of therapy averaged 16± 2 months. The observation found that alpha1-blockers lead to a number of positive changes in the composition of carbohydrate metabolism, i.e., the level of serum glucose and insulin. In the general observation group, a signiﬁcant decrease in blood glucose from 6.64 to 6.27 mmol/L, insulin from 18.07 to 14.03 mU/mL, and C-peptide from 3.67 to 2.98 ng/mL was detected. In the male subgroup, glucose levels decreased from 6.45 to 6.00 mmol/L, insulin from 18.92 to 13.99 mU/mL, and C-peptide from 3.76 to 2.97 ng/mL. In the female subgroup, blood glucose levels decreased from 6.98 to 6.77 mmol/L, insulin from 16.41 to 14.1 mU/mL, and C-peptide from 3.51 to 2.99 ng/mL. In the group of patients younger than 65 years of age, a decrease in glucose from 6.22 to 5.93 mmol/L, insulin from 17.87 to 14.36 mU/mL, and C-peptide from 3.49 to 3.01 ng/mL were also observed. In the group of patients older than 65 years of age, similar dynamics of the above parameters was established.

Conclusions. The data obtained suggest that alpha1-blockers in combination with vitamin-like drugs contribute to reducing the level of serum glucose, insulin, and C-peptide during a long-term (at least 1 year) therapy, which may be promising in the correction of metabolic disorders during preparation of patients for surgery.
Experience of pediatric and adolescent rehabilitation in the department of rehabilitation of the regional children’s oncohematological center, Vladivostok
Authors: Kuznetsova G. V. , Minkina L. M. , Kuzmina T. N. , Obukhova I. A. , Voskresenskaya A. V. , Prosekova E. V.
Published: February 2024

The development of modern treatment technologies in oncology has reduced the mortality of children and adolescents from malignant neoplasms and hematological diseases. As a result, the issue of organizing rehabilitation care has become urgent. In this article, we describe the experience of organizing and developing pediatric rehabilitation in the oncology/hematology proﬁle in Primorsky Krai for the period from 1995 to 2022. Various medical, psychological, social, and environmental aspects are outlined along with rehabilitation technologies used. The eﬀectiveness of rehabilitation and the peculiarities of its implementation in children with oncological and hematological diseases are shown. The expediency of carrying out stages of rehabilitation in the region of residence of patients is substantiated.
Ultrasound diagnostics in solving situational problems in the discipline of clinical pathophysiology
Authors: Makarov A. B. , Tsygan V. N. , Lemeshchenko A. V. , Rezvantsev M. V. , Krivolutskaya T. A. , Bammatov T. A.
Published: February 2024

Aim. Тo train future specialists to eﬀectively apply the methods of pathophysiological research (ultrasound diagnostics) in solving situational problems within the course of clinical pathophysiology.

Materials and methods. The 2nd and 3rd year students were trained to use stationary and portable ultrasound machines Phillips CX50 and Chison Sonotouch 80. The students were trained to master ultrasound B and M modes, Doppler ultrasonography, as well as elastography of the most common diseases of the endocrine, digestive, and urinary systems. At the ﬁrst stage, students worked in tandem with the lecture, observing the process of sensor manipulation. At the second stage, each student conducted a study on his or her fellow student.

Results. When conducting ultrasound scanning of the hepatoduodenal zone and kidneys, 65% and 55% of students, respectively, failed to obtain an optimal image and to measure anatomical structures during the assigned time interval. Echocardioscopy was established to be the most diﬃcult method to master when solving situational problems within the topic of “Impaired Systemic Circulation”. This task was successfully performed only by 20% of the students. The optimal student-lecturer ratio was established to be 6:1.

Conclusion. The use of new ultrasound technologies in the training process is important for forming students’ professional competencies and increasing their motivation.
Liver Damage in Campylobacteriosis in Children (Clinical Case)
Authors: Ермоленко К.Д. , Алагова М.В. , Раздьяконова И.В.
Published: February 2024

В настоящее время кампилобактериоз является одной из наиболее значимых причин бактериальных кишечных инфекций и диарей путешественников в мире. Своевременная диагностика кампилобактериоза и его осложнений является актуальной проблемой и предметом научных исследований. Формирование гепатита при кампилобактериозе, по разным данным, может иметь место у 3–19% детей с кампилобактериозом, выявляется на 1–3-й неделе заболевания и проявляется умеренным повышением уровня сывороточных трансаминаз в 2–3 раза, имеет благоприятное течение. В данной статье описывается клинический случай кампилобактериоза у ребенка 3 лет, осложненного реактивным гепатитом, госпитализированного в ДНКЦИБ. В статье использованы клинико-эпидемиологические, лабораторные данные и сведения из медицинской документации. Опираясь на данные исследований других авторов, рассматриваются наиболее вероятные механизмы поражения печени при кампилобактериозе. На основании данных о высокой распространенности кампилобактериоза и наличия большого количества наблюдений, подтверждающих риски развития острого гепатита при кампилобактериозе, следует отметить необходимость сохранения настороженности у врачей на предмет развития кампилобактерного поражения печени, а также включения маркеров функции печени в обязательный протокол обследования у детей с подтвержденным кампилобактериозом.

Currently, campylobacteriosis is one of the most significant causes of bacterial infections and diarrhea in the world. Timely diagnosis of campylobacteriosis and its results are a pressing problem and serve as the basis for scientific research. The formation of hepatitis in campylobacteriosis, according to various sources, can occur in 3 to 19% of children with campylobacteriosis, manifests itself at 1–3 weeks of the disease and reveals a moderate increase in the level of serum transaminases by 2–3 times, which is favorable for the course. This article describes a clinical case of campylobacteriosis in a 3-year-old child, complicated by reactive hepatitis, hospitalized at the DNA Clinical Hospital. The article uses clinical, epidemiological, laboratory data and information from medical documentation. Based on these studies, other authors conclude about the most likely mechanisms of liver damage in campylobacteriosis. Based on data on the high prevalence of campylobacteriosis and the indication of a large number of observations confirming the risks of developing acute hepatitis with campylobacteriosis, it should be noted the need to maintain alertness among doctors regarding the development of campylobacteriosis of the liver, as well as the inclusion of markers of liver function in the mandatory observation protocol for children with campylobacteriosis.