bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Desarrollo y validación de un método verde para la extracción y cuantificación de residuos de cipermetrina en tejido animal
Authors: Chaparro Amanda L. , Gamboa Diana P. , Cardona Yaneth , Bustamante John J. , García Carlos H.
Published: September 2015

En este trabajo se desarrolló y validó un
método simple, amigable ambientalmente y
efectivo, para la extracción y cuantificación
de cipermetrina en muestras de bovino
(hígado, grasa perirrenal y músculo) utilizando
dispersión de matriz en fase sólida (MSPD)
y cromatografía de gases con detector de
ionización de llama (GC-FID). Se evaluaron
diferentes parámetros del método, tales
como el agente dispersante, el disolvente
de extracción y el volumen de disolvente.
Los mejores resultados para la extracción
de cipermetrina por MSPD fueron: 0,20 g
de muestra macerados con 0,80 g de silica
gel y extraídos con 5,00 mL de acetona.
El procedimiento propuesto fue validado
mostrando comportamiento lineal en el
intervalo de 10,20-400,40 μg/L (R2=0,9988).
Los límites de detección y cuantificación
fueron 2,00 y 5,70 μg/L respectivamente, con
una desviación estándar relativa de 0,0875
(n=5). Este método permite determinar
cipermetrina hasta niveles traza en muestras de
tejido animal, con una recuperación de 98,96%.
Comparación de dos metodologías para la determinación de residuos de plaguicidas en agua potable
Authors: Guerrero Dallos Jairo Arturo , Veladia Rodríguez Nancy Yohanna
Published: September 2015

Se realizó un estudio comparativo de dos
metodologías para la determinación de residuos
de plaguicidas en agua potable con el fin de
establecer cuál de ellas es más adecuada como
metodología de análisis. Las metodologías
evaluadas involucraron extracción en fase
sólida empleando el adsorbente polimérico
LiChrolut®EN y extracción líquido-líquido
utilizando n-hexano como solvente de extracción.
La determinación se realizó por cromatografía
de gases con detectores μ-ECD y NPD. El
estudio involucró 50 plaguicidas, entre los que
se encuentran diferentes familias químicas,
tales como organofosforados, organoclorados
y piretroides entre otros. Para comparar
las metodologías, se evaluó la capacidad de
detección y cuantificación estableciendo los
límites de detección y cuantificación; la exactitud
con experimentos de recuperación y la dispersión
por medio de la precisión. Se estableció que
estas presentan detección adecuada frente
a las concentraciones máximas permitidas
por la normativa colombiana, excepto para el
insecticida monocrotofos, para el cual se obtuvo
un límite de detección superior al exigido. Los
experimentos de recuperación mostraron que
la totalidad de plaguicidas organoclorados y
piretroides pueden ser analizados empleando
extracción líquido-líquido, mientras que la
extracción en fase sólida es más adecuada para
los plaguicidas más polares, tales como los
organofosforados y azoles. Se determinó que 22
compuestos se pueden analizar por cualquiera de
las dos metodologías, que por extracción en fase
solida es posible analizar 36 de los 50 compuestos
evaluados mientras que empleando extracción
líquido-líquido se pueden analizar 28 de ellos.
Estudios fotoquímicos y electroquímicos de complejos lantánidos de 6-(hidroximetil)piridin- 2-carboxaldehído[2- metilpirimidina-4,6-diil] bishidrazona
Authors: Fernandez María Alejandra , Barona Juan Camilo , Polo-Cerón Dorian , Chaur Manuel N.
Published: September 2015

Herein we report the synthesis of the 6-(hydroxymethyl)pyridine-2- carboxaldehyde[2-methyl-pyrimidine- 4,6-diyl]bis-hydrazone by a condensation reaction between 6-(hydroxymethyl) picolinaldehyde with 4,6-(bis-hydrazino)-2- methylpyrimidine. This bis-hydrazone can be visualized as a two-arm system which exhibits photochemical induced [E,E]/[E,Z]/[Z,Z’] isomerizations and double coordination to metal centers. Configurational changes, upon UV light irradiation, were followed over time by 1 H NMR, establishing that isomerization, in both arms, is a consecutive reaction that follows first-order kinetics (k1 = 4.06 x 10-4 s-1 and k2 = 2.80 x 10-4 s-1). Furthermore, the synthesis of bis-hydrazone metal complexes with La (III) and Sm (III) ions was achieved; subsequently, the absorption and emission properties of these complexes were studied, determining the fluorescence quantum yields, 𝟇La= 0.2024 and 𝟇Sm= 0.1413. Electrochemical studies of the complexes were conducted by square wave voltammetry, demonstrating that the bis-hydrazone and its complexes are electroactive species between +1.5 and -2.5 V.
Lignanos diarildimetilbutanos y otros constituyentes aislados de Nectandra turbacensis (kunth) nees (lauraceae)
Authors: Macías Villamizar Víctor , Cuca Suarez Luís E.
Published: September 2015

Ocho compuestos conocidos fueron
aislados del extracto etanólico de corteza
de Nectandra turbacensis (Kunth) Nees
(Lauraceae). Estos fueron identificados como
ácido meso-dihidroguayarético 1, ácido
treo-dihidroguayarético 2, sauriol B 3, y
treo-austrobailignano-6 4; vitexina (8-C-β-
D-glucopiranosil-5,7,4’-trihidroxiflavona) 5;
estigmast-4-en-3-ona 6 y la mezcla sitosterol
7 / estigmasterol 8. Las estructuras de los
compuestos fueron elucidadas por métodos
espectroscópicos, que incluyeron técnicas de
RMN en 1D y 2D, CG/EM y por comparación
de los datos espectroscópicos, reportados
en la literatura de compuestos relacionados.
Este es el primer reporte de la presencia
de este tipo de compuestos en la especie.
Se describen también las implicaciones
quimiotaxonómicas; relacionadas con la
presencia frecuente de lignanos en especies
del género Nectandra.
Direct detection of toxigenic Bacillus cereus in dietary complement for children and cassava starch
Authors: Sánchez Jnnifer A. , Correa Margarita M. , Aceves Dies Ángel E. , Castañeda Sandoval Laura M.
Published: September 2015

Bacillus cereus es un contaminante de alimentos
conocido por ser patogénico para los humanos,
causando síndromes de vómito y diarrea.
En este estudio se evaluó la presencia de B.
cereus toxigénicos utilizando PCR múltiple
directamente en complementos dietarios
para niños y en almidón de yuca colectados
en Medellín, Colombia. De 75 muestras de
complemento dietario para niños, 70,7%
estuvieron contaminadas con B. cereus
toxigénicos y se detectaron cuatro diferentes
consorcios toxigénicos: I: nheA, hblC, cytK
(9,8%), II: nheA, hblC (2%), III: hblC, cytK
(41.2%), IV: hblC (47%). De 75 muestras de
almidón de yuca, 44% estuvieron contaminadas
con B. cereus toxigénicos y se determinaron
cuatro diferentes consorcios toxigénicos: I:
nheA, hblC, cytK (48.5%), II: nheA, hblC, cytK,
cesB (3%), III: hblC, cytK (30,3%), IV: hblC
(18.2%). En general, en los complementos
dietarios para niños sólo se detectaron
consorcios enterotoxigénicos, mientras que en
el almidón los consorcios enterotoxigénicos
predominaron sobre el emético. La PCR
múltiple fue de utilidad para detectar
contaminación con B. cereus toxigénicos
permitiendo la detección directa y simultánea
de todos los genes tóxicos en los alimentos. Este
estudio es el primero en Colombia en evaluar B.
cereus toxigénicos y proporciona información
importante para la evaluación de riesgos
microbiológicos en los alimentos pulverizados
Efecto del aceite esencial de Eucalyptus citriodora sobre el metabolismo energético mitocondrial
Authors: Vesga Luis Carlos , Bueno Yenny , Stashenko Elena , Mendez Sánchez Stelia C.
Published: September 2015

Con el fin de contribuir al conocimiento
de su actividad a nivel celular, se evaluó el
mecanismo de acción del aceite esencial
de Eucalyptus citriodora (Fam. Myrtaceae)
sobre la bioenergética mitocondrial, su efecto
sobre la velocidad de consumo de oxígeno
de mitocondrias energizadas (estados 3 y
4) y su coeficiente de control respiratorio
(CCR). Además, se analizó la actividad
de los complejos de la cadena respiratoria
usando técnicas espectrofotométricas. Los
resultados obtenidos indican que el aceite
esencial de E. citriodora aumenta la velocidad
del consumo de oxígeno en los estados 3 y 4,
disminuye el CCR, desacopla la fosforilación
oxidativa, aumenta la actividad de la
citocromo c oxidasa y aumenta la actividad
ATPasa en mitocondrias íntegras, a partir
de la concentración de 10 μg/mL. Estos
resultados sugieren que el aceite esencial o
sus metabolitos afectan el funcionamiento
normal del transporte de electrones de la
cadena respiratoria y la síntesis de ATP
Fenoles totales y actividad antioxidante en hojas de dos especies colombianas del género Meriania (melastomataceae)
Authors: Ocampo Diana M , Valverde Claudia L , Colmenares Ana J , Isaza José H
Published: September 2015

Se estudiaron las hojas de las especies Meriania
speciosa y Meriania nobilis, obteniendo
extractos de diferente polaridad, a los que se
les realizaron diversas pruebas cualitativas. Se
determinó el contenido de fenoles totales y se
evaluó la actividad captadora de radicales con
DPPH (FRS50: capacidad captadora de radicales
que reduce en un 50% al radical DPPH)
en microplacas de 96 pozos. Este estudio
determinó que las dos especies presentan una
buena actividad antioxidante. Los extractos
que mayor actividad antioxidante mostraron
fueron: butanol con FRS50 de 7,6 ± 0,8 y 23,4
± 2,4; acuoso con FRS50 de 28,5 ± 2,9 y 63,0
± 2,6 y hexano 2 con FRS50 de 17,0 ± 2,6 y
18,2 ± 2,5 mg/L, para las especies M. speciosa
y M. nobilis respectivamente. Los extractos
que presentaron un alto contenido de fenoles
totales fueron: metanol 2 con valor de 0,47 ±
0,06 y 0,40 ± 0,03 mg equivalentes de ácido
gálico (EAG)/g extracto seco (ES) y el extracto
acuoso: 0,16 ± 0,06 y 0,12 ± 0,03 mg EAG/g
ES para las especies M. speciosa y M. nobilis
respectivamente. El extracto butanólico de la
especie M. speciosa mostró la mayor actividad
antioxidante con un FRS50 de 7,6 mg/L ± 0,8,
este valor es comparable con el valor hallado
para la quercetina FRS50: 4,2 mg/L ± 0,4, lo
que indica que este extracto es promisorio
en el contenido de metabolitos secundarios
que exhiben actividad antioxidante y para
la fabricación de productos agroquímicos,
cosméticos y farmacéuticos.
Identification and characterization of CTX-M-15 producing Klebsiella pneumoniae clone ST101 in a Hungarian university teaching hospital
Authors: Melegh Szilvia , Schneider György , Horváth Marianna , Jakab Ferenc , Emődy Levente , Tigyi Zoltán
Published: September 2015

We investigated the molecular epidemiology of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates derived from the teaching hospitals of University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary in the time period 2004–2008. Molecular typing, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, detection of common β-lactamase genes (blaCTX-M, blaTEM and blaSHV) and virulence associated traits (hypermucoviscosity, magA, k2a, rmpA, siderophores, type 1 and 3 fimbria, biofilm formation, serum resistance) were performed for 102 isolates. The results showed the presence of three major ciprofloxacin resistant CTX-M-15 producing clones (ST15 n = 69, ST101 n = 10, and ST147 n = 9), of which ST15 was predominant and universally widespread. Considering distribution in time and place, ST101 and ST147 were detected at fewer inpatient units and within a narrower time frame, as compared to ST15. Beside major clones, eleven minor clones were identified, and were shown to harbour the following β-lactamase genes: six clones carried blaCTX-M, four clones harboured blaSHV-5 and one clone possessed both blaCTX-M and ESBL type blaSHV. Among the SHV-5 producing K. pneumoniae clones a novel sequence type was found, namely ST1193, which harboured a unique infB allele. Different virulence factor content and peculiar antimicrobial susceptibility profile were characteristic for each clone. In contrast to major clone isolates, which showed high level resistance to ciprofloxacin, minor clone isolates displayed significantly lower MIC values for ciprofloxacin suggesting a role for fluoroquinolones in the dissemination of the major K. pneumoniae clones. This is the first description of the CTX-M-15 producing K. pneumoniae clone ST101 in Hungary.
Characteristics of cardiorespiratory output determining factors among 11–19-year-old boys at rest and during maximal load: Its impact on systolic hypertension
Authors: Ihász F , Karsai I , Kaj M , Marton O , Finn KJ , Csányi T
Published: September 2015

As consequence of the expansion of sedentary lifestyle among schoolchildren the prevalence of particular symptoms related to decreased cardiorespiratory fitness increases. The purpose of this study was twofolds, on one hand to compare boys in three developmental groups: second childhood (G1), puberty (G2), young adult (G3) and on the other hand to compare groups classified on resting systolic blood pressure (RSBP) to differentiate cardiorespiratory output determining factors both at rest and at maximal load. Randomly selected apparently healthy boys were assessed, all subjects (n = 282) performed an incremental treadmill test until fatigue. Heart rate (HR), systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), and oxygen consumption were measured. Resting HR was higher and resting SBP and DBP were lower in the G1 as compared to G2 and G3 (p < 0.05) but not differed at maximal loads. However indicators of cardiovascular load differed between groups. The oxygen pulse and Q were the lowest in the G1 and increased significantly between groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion based on our data we can suggest that there is an observable development of hypertension associated with maturation and cardiac output determining factors.
Plasma volume after heat acclimation: Variations due to season, fitness and methods of measurement
Authors: Loeppky JA
Published: September 2015

Purpose

The reported magnitude of plasma volume increase (Δ%PV) following heat acclimation (HA) varies widely. Variations may result from differences in measurement techniques, season and subjects’ fitness. This report compares direct and indirect measurements of Δ%PV after 10 days of HA from studies in winter (WIN, n = 8) and summer (SUM, n = 10) in men, age 21–43 yr, at two fitness levels (VO2max: 35 and 51 ml/min/kg). Direct measurements were made before and after HA (cycling at 30% of VO2max at 50 °C, for 100 min/day) by carbon monoxide (CO) rebreathing and compared with indirect estimates from changes in hematocrit, hemoglobin and plasma protein concentration.

Results

Overall, Δ%PV by CO was small (2.9%) and greater in SUM than WIN (5.0 vs. 0.3%). Red cell, blood and plasma volumes/kg lean body mass increased in SUM and decreased in WIN, the difference being significant, and Δ%PV by CO was similar for high and low VO2max.

Conclusion

Overall, indirect estimates of Δ%PV by hemoglobin and hematocrit were similar to CO, but tended to differentiate by fitness and not season. The difference in THb increase in SUM and decrease in WIN was significant. This probably accounts for the differences from the seasonal and fitness results by the direct CO method.
Egy háromdimenziós modellező és grafikai program, a DAZ Studio alkalmazásának lehetőségei a testkép vizsgálatában
Authors: Leindler Milán , Benkő Zsófia , Lapis Flóra , Léder Ágota , Molnár Karina , Szalai Dorottya
Published: September 2015

Absztrakt

Elméleti háttér: Az evés- és testképzavarok vizsgálata egyre
aktuálisabbá válik. A betegségcsoport spektruma a testképzavarok felé
szélesedik, előfordulása pedig növekvő tendenciát mutat. A média egyre erősödő
hatása hozzájárul a negatív testképhez és önértékeléshez, így a testkép
vizsgálatának és korrekciójának jelentősége is növekszik. A testképvizsgáló
eljárások nem tartanak lépést a fejlődő technológiával, így számos lehetőség
marad kiaknázatlanul. Célkitűzés: A vizsgálat célkitűzése, hogy
egy háromdimenziós modellező és grafikai program, a DAZ Studio szoftver
alkalmazási lehetőségét értékelje a testkép vizsgálatának területén. Célunk
annak igazolása, hogy a program képes megmutatni a testkép attitűd-komponensét,
az észlelt és az ideális test közötti eltérés mértékét és irányát.
Módszerek: A DAZ Studio programban minden résztvevővel két
figurát készíttettünk el: először az észlelt, jelenlegi állapotát, másodszor
pedig az ideális, vágyott állapotát. Emellett a szoftver validitásának
igazolásához az Evési Zavar Kérdőív, az Eysenck-féle Személyiség Kérdőív, a
Spielberger-féle Állapot- és Vonásszorongás Kérdőív, a Nagy Ötök Kérdőív és a
Fallon—Rozin-teszt kerültek felvételre. Ezen tesztek mérik a kitöltő általános
önértékelését, szorongását és testéhez fűződő viszonyát.
Eredmények: A vizsgálandó populáció a magyar nők voltak, a
73 fős mintát kényelmi mintavétellel toboroztuk (átlagéletkor: 28,3 év, szórás:
10,8 év). Szignifikáns együttjárást találtunk a két figura közti különbség és az
EDI releváns skálái között: a karcsúság iránti késztetéssel gyenge (r = 0,272; p
= 0,02), a testi elégedetlenséggel pedig közepesen erős (r = 0,521; p <
0,001) korrelációt kaptunk. A 24. életévüket még nem betöltöttek esetében ezek
az értékek a következőképp alakultak: r = 0,454; p = 0,003 és r = 0,639; p <
0,001. Szignifikáns kapcsolatot találtunk továbbá a bulimiát mérő skála
értékével (r = 0,390; p = 0,013) és az elégtelenség érzésével is (r = 0,316; p =
0,047). A szorongással nem találtunk kapcsolatot.
Következtetések: Megállapítható, hogy a DAZ Studio program
alkalmas a testkép attitűd-komponensének vizsgálatára. Jelezni képes az észlelt
és az ideális testkép közti eltérés mértékét és irányát, ami fontos
diagnosztikai információt hordoz. Fiatalabb korúaknál az együttjárás még
szorosabb, ezért a program alkalmas lehet a leginkább veszélyeztetett fiatalok
körében az evés- és testképzavarok szűrésére.
Potential Output and Recessions: Are We Fooling Ourselves?
Authors: Martin Robert , Munyan Teyanna , Wilson Beth Anne
Published: September 2015

This paper studies the impact of recessions on the longer-run level of output using data on 23 advanced economies over the past 40 years. We find that severe recessions have a sustained and sizable negative impact on the level of output. This sustained decline in output raises questions about the underlying properties of output and how we model trend output or potential around recessions. We find little support for the view that output rises faster than trend immediately following recessions to close the output gap. Indeed, we find little evidence that growth is faster following recessions than before; if anything post-trough growth is slower. Instead, we find that output gaps close importantly through downward revisions to potential output rather than through rapid post-recession growth. The revisions are made slowly (over years) – a process that leads to an initial underestimation of the effect of recessions on potential output and a corresponding under-prediction of inflation.
A quantitative description of the interspecies diversity of belowground structure in savanna woody plants
Authors: O'Donnell Frances C. , Caylor Kelly K. , Bhattachan Abinash , Dintwe Kebonye , D'Odorico Paolo , Okin Gregory S.
Published: September 2015

The relative importance of resource competition and disturbance in limiting woody cover is one of the most basic questions in savanna ecology. Modeling approaches that seek to address this question are limited in their ability to accurately represent resource competition, which occurs belowground, by the limited detail of existing data on root system structure. Using compressed air, we excavated individual trees and shrubs and mapped their coarse roots on a three‐dimensional grid system up to 1.5 m depth. We excavated four woody savanna species at three sites spanning a climate gradient on the Kalahari Transect in southern Africa and determined functions to describe the distribution of root biomass within the root systems. Overall, most of the variation in both large‐scale and small‐scale characteristics of root system structure was related to species. The species excavated fell into two groups that coexisted across the climate gradient. Acacia mellifera and Terminalia sericea had straight roots in a laterally extensive system that was shallow relative to the aggregate root profile for woody plants at the sites. Boscia albitrunca and Ochna pulchra had sinuous roots that were mostly concentrated beneath the canopy and were more prevalent in deep than near‐surface soil layers, departing from the conventional model of decreasing root abundance with depth. Based on our results, we suggest a reframing of the theoretical characterization of the root zone used in modeling approaches to consider diversity within the woody plant community.
Wellbore-Trajectory Control by Use of Minimum Well-Profile-Energy Criterion for Drilling Automation
Authors: Liu Zhengchun , Samuel Robello
Published: September 2015

When the actual well path deviates from the planned path, it is imperative for a drilling system to take corrective actions. A new trajectory-control model has been developed on the basis of a minimum well-profile-energy criterion to achieve smooth well paths. In this model, the S-shaped returning path from a deviated position to the planned wellbore trajectory is divided into two sections, each of which has its length, inclination-change rate, and azimuth-change rate. Different trajectory-calculation algorithms are used to solve the deviation-correction parameters of the two sections. Results obtained from the simple balanced tangential method, the industry-standard minimum-curvature method, and the more-accurate natural-curve method are consistent with one another. The model was tested by use of wellbore-trajectory simulations of different 2D and 3D well paths. The simulation results show that the new trajectory-control model, in comparison with proportional-integral-derivative (PID) -control and fuzzy-control methods, yields much-smoother wellbore trajectories. Consequently, the new model is promising for the reduction of torque, drag, and friction of the drillstring.

Unlike PID- and fuzzy-control methods, which usually require subjective entry of several controller parameters, the new trajectory-control model provides deterministic solutions on the basis of an objective minimum-energy criterion, which represents a significant advantage for the limited computation power of downhole tools. In addition, the settings of constant inclination- and azimuth-change rates in each correction section also provide benefits, such as requiring less-frequent steering, resulting in reduced electric-power consumption and reduced abrasion failure of downhole tools.
Epidemiology and Treatment Guidelines of Negative Symptoms in Schizo-phrenia in Central and Eastern Europe: A Literature Review
Authors: Szkultecka-Dębek Monika , Walczak Jacek , Augustyńska Joanna , Miernik Katarzyna , Stelmachowski Jarosław , Pieniążek Izabela , Obrzut Grzegorz , Pogroszewska Angelika , Paulić Gabrijela , Damir Marić , Antolić Siniša , Tavčar Rok , Indrikson Andra , Aadamsoo Kaire , Jankovic Slobodan , Pulay Attila J , Rimay József , Varga Márton , Sulkova Ivana , Veržun Petra
Published: September 2015

Aim: To gather and review data describing the epidemiology of schizophrenia and clinical guidelines for schizophrenia therapy in seven Central and Eastern European countries, with a focus on negative symptoms.Methods:A literature search was conducted which included publications from 1995 to 2012 that were indexed in key databases.Results:Reports of mean annual incidence of schizophrenia varied greatly, from 0.04 to 0.58 per 1,000 population. Lifetime prevalence varied from 0.4% to 1.4%. One study reported that at least one negative symptom was present in 57.6% of patients with schizophrenia and in 50–90% of individuals experiencing their first episode of schizophrenia. Primary negative symptoms were observed in 10–30% of patients. Mortality in patients with schizophrenia was greater than in the general population, with a standardized mortality ratio of 2.58–4.30. Reasons for higher risk of mortality in the schizophrenia population included increased suicide risk, effect of schizophrenia on lifestyle and environment, and presence of comorbidities. Clinical guidelines overall supported the use of second-generation antipsychotics in managing negative symptoms of schizophrenia, although improved therapeutic approaches are needed.Conclusion:Schizophrenia is one of the most common mental illnesses and poses a considerable burden on patients and healthcare resources alike. Negative symptoms are present in many patients and there is an unmet need to improve treatment offerings for negative symptoms beyond the use of second-generation antipsychotics and overall patient outcomes.
Motion Tracking and Testing Based on Improved Surendra Algorithm
Authors: Yao Ji , Singh Deepa
Published: September 2015

Recently, due to the gradual mature of the development of computer vision, video-based monitoring and control
system has become a classic practice in the field of computer vision. Traffic detection and tracking technology in intelligent
video surveillance system is one of the branches of computer vision, which has gradually become a hot and new
research field. Through analysis and summary of the existing detection and tracking technology, this study draws a set of
target detection and tracking program at the perspective of taking photos with a single fixed camera on the road. The target
in the program is the vehicle on the road. The key point of the program is to detect the target, and another is tracking.
The main purpose of this study is to detect and track the moving vehicles on the road in the condition of a single fixed
camera. This detection program uses the improved surendra algorithm, which is a more advanced algorithm in the algorithms
of moving target detection. In all the algorithms, such as background subtraction method and the adjacent frame
difference method, the improved surendra algorithm is more excellent than them. The algorithm is based on the mixed
Gaussian model method and the improved adjacent frame difference. Experiment shows that the algorithm is able to track
and detect the target vehicle accurately indeed. And the complexity, real-time and robustness of the algorithm are very
consistent with the system design requirements of the study, so the adoption of the algorithm and the implementation of
the detection system design of this study can track and detect the target vehicle well.
Deterministic Deployment for Wireless Image Sensor Nodes
Authors: Zhang Junguo , Lei Yutong , Lin Fantao , Chen Chen
Published: September 2015

Wireless sensor networks composed of camera enabled source nodes can provide visual information of an area
of interest, potentially enriching monitoring applications. The node deployment is one of the key issues in the application
of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, we take the effective coverage and connectivity as the evaluation indices to
analyze the effect of the perceivable angle and the ratio of communication radius and sensing radius for the deterministic
circular deployment. Experimental results demonstrate that the effective coverage area of the triangle deployment is the
largest when using the same number of nodes. When the nodes are deployed in the same monitoring area in the premise of
ensuring connectivity, rhombus deployment is optimal when √2 < rc / rs < √3 . The research results of this paper provide an
important reference for the deployment of the image sensor networks with the given parameters.
Medical Image Retrieval Algorithm Based on Content
Authors: Du Liying , Saleh Nabila H.
Published: September 2015

With the rapid development of science and technology and the improving medical service, medical image's role
in clinical diagnosis and treatment becomes increasingly prominent. It has become a high-profile task to help the doctors
pick out desired targets from massive medical images. Currently, techniques of text-based medical image retrieval have
failed to meet the need of massive medical image retrieval. On the other hand, techniques of content-based medical image
retrieval are already established and hold vast research potential. Starting with the introduction of matured techniques of
medical image retrieval, the paper expounds on the evaluation criteria of the effectiveness of such techniques, then on the
modified text-and-content-based medical image retrieval algorithm. The last part is the verification of the research conclusion
with contrast experiments illustrated by the sample figures.
Research on Algorithms of Spatial-Temporal Multi-Channel Allocation Based on the Greedy Algorithm for Wireless Mesh Network
Authors: Wang Yiyong , Baker David
Published: September 2015

With the development of mobile Internet and wireless network as well as the rapid increasing number of users,
people’s demand for broadband is increasing sharply, making further capacity expansion of the network the major problem
for researchers. Wireless Mesh network has the advantages of high network coverage and flexible networking, especially
multi-hop wireless network, its important networking format takes full use of the feature of orthogonal channel to
raise the throughput of wireless network and utilization efficiency of broadband dramatically and make the channel resources
allocation more flexible. This paper points out the advantages and disadvantages of Mesh network by analyzing
some relatively classic algorithms based on the research of Mesh network technology in order to increase utilization efficiency
of orthogonal channel further. At the same time, it proposes Spatial-Temporal Multi-Channel Allocation Based on
the Greedy Algorithm for Wireless Mesh Network which takes the channel allocated in previous slot time into consideration
and allocates channels to different ports to reduce the switching time and other costs. Giving the direction of nodes is
up stream, it requires well-functioning nodes near the gateway. Any network fault will influence other nodes near these
gateways. This allocation realizes the communication between nodes on original channel nodes, increasing utilization efficiency
significantly and reducing the burden of parent node. In the end, this paper makes a conclusion of the main work.
An Internal Model Controller for Three-Phase APF Based on LS-Extreme Learning Machine
Authors: Shao Zhenhua , Chen Tianxiang , Chen Li-an , Tian Hong
Published: September 2015

Aiming at the problem that the three-phase APF’s dynamic model is a multi-variable, nonlinear and strong
coupling system, an internal model controller for three-phase APF based on LS-Extreme Learning Machine is studied in
this paper. As a novel single hidden layer feed-forward neural networks, extreme learning machine (ELM) has several advantages:
simple net structural, fast learning speed, good generalization performance and so on. In order to improve the
controller’s dynamic responses, a least squares extreme learning machine for internal model control is proposed. A least
squares ELM regression (LS-ELMR) model for the three-phase APFS on-line monitoring was built from external factors
with in-out datum. Moreover, the relative stable error is presented to evaluate the system performance and the features for
the internal model control system based on extreme learning machine, neural network, kernel ridge regress and support
vector machine. The experimental results show that the LS-internal model control system based on extreme learning machine
has good dynamic performance and strong filtering result.
Design of a Video Data Sampling and Transmission System Based on Wireless Mesh Network
Authors: Yang Liu-qing , Zhang Guo’an
Published: September 2015

A video data sampling and transmission system is designed for video monitoring based on wireless mesh network.
Discussion is made on the use of standards, working frequency, network infrastructure, coverage solutions, link
budget, frequency planning, power supply, supporting transmission and AC design. Overall solution on wireless Mesh
network digital video system is proposed and it is applied to practical wireless network video monitoring system, and
good results are achieved through practical application.
Thin film flow over an unsteady stretching sheet with thermocapillarity in presence of magnetic field
Authors: Das Kalidas , Acharya Nilangshu , Kundu Prabir
Published: September 2015

An analysis is carried out to study the effects of thermocapillarity on thin film flow over an unsteady stretching sheet in presence of uniform transverse magnetic field and internal heat source/sink. Using a similarity transformation, the governing time dependent boundary-layer equations are reduced to a set of coupled ordinary differential equations and then solved numerically for some representative values of non-dimensional parameters using Nachtsheim and Swigert shooting iteration technique together with Runge-Kutta sixth-order integration scheme. It is observed that the thermocapillary action reduces the rate of heat transfer at the surface while dealing with conducting fluid in presence of magnetic field.
Erratum!- in paper volume 19, Supplement 1, Year 2015, pp. S109-S115, DOI:10.2298/TSCI15S1S09C
Authors: Editorial E
Published: September 2015

In the paper published in THERMAL SCIENCE Volume 19, Supplement 1, YEAR
2015, pp. S109-S115, DOI REFERENCE: 10.2298/TSCI15S1S09C Names and
affiliations of the authors has been incorrectly written Istead of: THE
DIFFUSION MODEL OF FRACTAL HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN FLUIDIZED BED A Local
Fractional Arbitrary Euler-Lagrange Formula by Xu CHENG? and Xiao-Xun MA
School of Chemical Engineering, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
Correctly has to be written: THE DIFFUSION MODEL OF FRACTAL HEAT AND MASS
TRANSFER IN FLUIDIZED BED A Local Fractional Arbitrary Euler-Lagrange
Formula by Xu CHENG1? and Lin Wang2 - 1School of Chemical Engineering,
Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China - 2Xi'an Modern Chemistry
Research Institute, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China

 Link to the corrected article 10.2298/TSCI15S1S09C
Audit Firms' Client Acceptance Decisions: Does Partner-Level Industry Expertise Matter?
Authors: Hsieh Yu-Ting , Lin Chan-Jane
Published: September 2015

This study examines whether auditor industry expertise affects firms' client acceptance decisions. Analyzing listed firms in Taiwan, where audit partners' signatures are disclosed on the audit report, we find that partner-level industry specialists, rather than firm-level industry specialists, are less likely to accept clients with higher audit risk. We also provide weak evidence that partner-level industry specialists are less likely to accept clients with higher financial risk. This is consistent with the notion that partner-level industry specialists have an incentive to protect their reputation when making client acceptance decisions. In 2002, following the spirit of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX), the Securities and Futures Commission in Taiwan adopted a series of new rules to improve audit quality. We examine the effect of SOX on client acceptance decisions and the results indicate that partner-level industry specialists manage risk by accepting clients with less audit risk since litigation risk increased after SOX.
Effectiveness of a novel topical powder on the treatment of traumatic oral ulcers in orthodontic patients: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Rennick Lauren A. , Campbell Phillip M. , Naidu Aparna , Taylor Reginald W. , Buschang Peter H.
Published: September 2015

Objective: 

To determine if 2-DeNT Oral Topical Powder is an effective treatment for traumatic oral ulcers.

Materials and Methods: 

Of the 46 patients who were randomly allocated, 20 patients from the experimental group and 17 from the placebo control group completed the study. The patients, operators, and evaluators were all blinded. Patients applied the powder twice a day and completed a diary twice a day for 10 days. The diary was used to monitor the size of the lesions and pain levels (using a 10-cm visual analog scale).

Results: 

By day 5, the ulcers in the experimental group had reduced in size by approximately 70%; and ulcers in the control group had reduced in size by 56%. The experimental-group ulcers were significantly (P < .05) smaller than the control-group ulcers from day 5 through day 9. Ulcers in the experimental group were completely resolved by day 8, whereas control-group ulcers were still present on day 10. Patients experienced a significant amount of stimulated pain until the night of day 2 in the experimental group and until the night of day 5 in the control group, but group differences in pain were not statistically significant.

Conclusions: 

The 2DeNT Oral Topical powder was more effective than the placebo powder at accelerating the healing of oral traumatic ulcers.
Estimating the location of the center of resistance of canines
Authors: Jiang Feifei , Kula Katherine , Chen Jie
Published: September 2015

Objective: 

To develop a method to quickly estimate the location of center of resistance (CR) in mesial-distal (MD) and buccal-lingual (BL) directions from the tooth's image.

Materials and Methods: 

The maxillary cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 18 patients were used. Finite element (FE) models of the canines and their surrounding tissues were built based on their CBCT scans to calculate the locations of CR. Root length, centroid of the contact surface (CCS), and centroid of projection of the contact surface (CPCS) were also obtained from the images. The CCS and CPCS locations were projected on the tooth's long axis, which were represented as percentages of the root length measured from the root's apex.

Results: 

Using the FE results as the standards, the errors of using CCS or CPCS to estimate CR were calculated. The average location of CR calculated using the FE method was 60.2% measured from the root’s apex in the MD direction and 58.4% in the BL direction. The location of the CCS was 60.9%. The difference in CR was 0.7% in the MD direction and 2.5% in the BL direction. The location of CPCS was 60.2% in the MD direction and 59.1% in the BL direction, which resulted in a 0.1% and 0.8% difference with the reference CR, respectively. The average difference of CR in the MD and BL directions was small but statistically significant (P < .05).

Conclusion: 

The locations of the CR of a human canine in the MD and BL directions can be estimated by finding the CPCSs in those directions.
Role of Type 1 Diabetes–Associated SNPs on Autoantibody Positivity in the Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium: Overview
Authors: Rich Stephen S. , Concannon Patrick
Published: September 2015

OBJECTIVE

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) arises from the autoimmune destruction of the β-cells of the pancreas, resulting in dependence on exogenously administered insulin for survival. Key biomarkers of the autoimmune process in T1D are the occurrence of autoantibodies directed against β-cells and other antigens. The Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium (T1DGC) assembled collections to 1) discover genes that modify the risk of T1D, 2) conduct phenotyping related to risk, and 3) make available biologic and genetic resources for research. The goal of the T1DGC Autoantibody Workshop was to use T1DGC phenotypic, genotypic, and autoantibody data on affected sibling pair (ASP) families to discover genes accounting for variation in presence of autoantibodies.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

The T1DGC provided the working groups with autoantibody and genetic data on 9,976 subjects from 2,321 ASP families. Data were distributed to numerous working groups for analyses of specific autoantibody subsets and targets.

RESULTS

Seven groups analyzed the joint autoantibody and genetic data within the ASP families. Six reports are provided in this collection, ranging from candidate gene analyses of selected autoantibodies to evaluation of regions of genetic variants associated with autoimmunity on the collection of autoantibodies.

CONCLUSIONS

Although selected variants in the available genes remain important genetic predictors for prevalence of T1D, other genes and nongenetic factors are expected to contribute to the initiation of islet autoimmunity, the first step in the pathogenesis of T1D.
Contrasting the Genetic Background of Type 1 Diabetes and Celiac Disease Autoimmunity
Authors: Gutierrez-Achury Javier , Romanos Jihane , Bakker Sjoerd F. , Kumar Vinod , de Haas Esther C. , Trynka Gosia , Ricaño-Ponce Isis , Steck Andrea ,   Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium, Chen Wei-Min , Onengut-Gumuscu Suna , Simsek Suat ,   Diabeter, Rewers Marian , Mulder Chris J. , Liu Ed , Rich Stephen S. , Wijmenga Cisca
Published: September 2015

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and celiac disease (CeD) cluster in families and can occur in the same individual. Genetic loci have been associated with susceptibility to both diseases. Our aim was to explore the genetic differences between individuals developing both these diseases (double autoimmunity) versus those with only one. We hypothesized that double autoimmunity individuals carry more of the genetic risk markers that are shared between the two diseases independently. SNPs were genotyped in loci associated with T1D (n = 42) and CeD (n = 28) in 543 subjects who developed double autoimmunity, 2,472 subjects with T1D only, and 2,223 CeD-only subjects. For identification of loci that were specifically associated with individuals developing double autoimmunity, two association analyses were conducted: double autoimmunity versus T1D and double autoimmunity versus CeD. HLA risk haplotypes were compared between the two groups. The CTLA4 and IL2RA loci were more strongly associated with double autoimmunity than with either T1D or CeD alone. HLA analyses indicated that the T1D high-risk genotype, DQ2.5/DQ8, provided the highest risk for developing double autoimmunity (odds ratio 5.22, P = 2.25 × 10−29). We identified a strong HLA risk genotype (DQ2.5/DQ8) predisposing to double autoimmunity, suggesting a dominant role for HLA. Non-HLA loci, CTLA4 and IL2RA, may also confer risk to double autoimmunity. Thus, CeD patients who carry the DQ2.5/DQ8 genotype may benefit from periodic screening of autoantibodies related to T1D.
Withania Coagulans (Stocks) Dunal: Biotechnological Achievements And Perspectives
Authors: Teixeira da Silva Jaime A. , Kher Mafatlal M. , Soner Deepak , Nataraj M.
Published: September 2015

Withania coagulans (Stocks) Dunal is an important medicinal plant of the Solanaceae. Biotechnological studies on this plant started in 2009 and are still in a nascent phase of development. Even so, some important advances have been made, particularly in the field of tissue culture, which is an important means for its large-scale propagation and in vitro conservation. This review focuses on methods for surface sterilization, culture initiation, multiplication, rooting and acclimatization of W. coagulans.
Micropropagation Of Merremia Quinquefolia (L.) Hallier F. From Nodal Explants
Authors: Kher Mafatlal M. , Nataraj M. , Parmar Hettal D. , Buchad Hasmatbanu
Published: September 2015

Merremia quinquefolia, is an important medicinal plant of the family Convolvulaceae known for its vasoconstrictor, uterotonic, neurohormonic, sympathicolytic and sedative effects. In the present investigation effect of cytokinins 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), kinetin (Kn) and thidiazuron (TDZ), at concentrations 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 mg·dm−3 on in vitro shoot multiplication from nodal explants of M. quinquefolia was evaluated. Bud breaking and emergence of shoots started within 10-15 days of inoculation in all media containing cytokinin. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 4.0 mg·dm−3 BAP resulted in maximum number of shoots from single node within 45 days. In vitro raised shoots were successfully rooted on ½ mineral salts of MS medium with 3% sucrose supplemented with 2.0 mg·dm−3 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). This is the first report on in vitro propagation of Merremia quinquefolia. This study can be useful for development of micropropagation protocols for related taxa.
The Effect Of Sodium Chloride On Growth And Quality Of Plectranthus Forsteri Benth. ‘Nico’
Authors: Krzymińska Agnieszka , Ulczycka-Walorska Maria
Published: September 2015

Experiments were conducted on the response of Plectranthus forsteri ‘Nico’ to NaCl. Plants were grown in pots of 1.5 dm3 and 0.15 dm3 water solution of NaCl at concentrations 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 g dm−3 in 2011 and 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 g dm−3 in 2012 were applied one time in the beginning of experiment. Sodium chloride applied at 10-40 g NaCl·dm−3 water, reduced plant growth and values of SPAD readings. It may be stated that Plectranthus forsteri ‘Nico’ plants are tolerant to medium concentrations of sodium chloride (5-20 g NaCl·dm−3 water) and therefore can be planted in flowerbeds in urbanized areas.
In Vitro Propagation Of ‘Gisela 5’ Rootstock As Affected By Mineral Composition Of Media And Plant Growth Regulators
Authors: Fallahpour Maliheh , Miri Seied Mehdi , Bouzari Naser
Published: September 2015

The purpose of the presented study was to determine the best mineral composition of media and plant growth regulators in the micropropagation of the ‘Gisela 5’ (Prunus cerasus × P. canescens) dwarf sweet cherry rootstock. Nodal explants from young healthy shoots were excised and cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium without growth regulators. In vitro raised shoot tips were transferred to three culture media including Murashige and Skoog (MS), Driver and Kuniyuki (DKW) and Lloyd and McCown (WPM) containing benzyl adenine (BA) (0.5, 1 or 2 mg·l−1) in combination with kinetin (Kin) at 0 or 0.5 mg·l−1. WPM and DKW media were proving to be the most effective, resulting in a higher percentage of shoot multiplication and shoot number as compared to MS. BA in concentration 2 mg·l−1 resulted in the highest number of microshoots per explant (3.1). For rooting, 0, 0.5, 1 or 2 mg·l−1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) on MS, DKW and WPM media were tested. WPM medium containing 2 mg·l−1 IBA was most effective for rooting (93.7%) in comparison to MS (53.1%) and DKW (14.0%). Rooted plantlets were successfully hardened and established in pots.
Selected Indicators Of The Root Quality Of Fifteen Cultivars Of Red Beet (Beta Vulgaris L.)
Authors: Nizioł-Łukaszewska Zofia , Gawęda Maria
Published: September 2015

Evaluation of the quality of 15 cultivars of red beet has been made during four successive vegetative seasons. The study involved cultivars ‘Astar F1’, ‘Boro F1’, ‘Ceryl’, ‘Chrobry’, ‘Czerwona Kula’, ‘Egipski’, ‘Karmazyn’, ‘Nabab F1’, ‘Nochowski’, ‘Opolski’, ‘Pablo F1’, ‘Patryk’, ‘Regulski Cylinder’, ‘Okrągły Regulski’ and ‘Rywal’. The mass, diameter of roots, antioxidant activity, the content of dry mass, soluble sugars, betanin and vulgaxanthin in roots were evaluated. The study indicated ‘Chrobry’ as the cultivar of the most favorable quality features. It was characterized by high antioxidant activity, high content of dry mass, soluble sugars and betalain pigments. Among cultivars of cylindrical shaped roots, content of soluble sugars and antiradical activity was the highest in ‘Regulski Cylinder’ roots.
Churia Conservation: Efforts and Challenges in Nepal
Authors: Editor The
Published: September 2015

N/A