bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endoscopic butterfly graft myringoplasty in small to medium perforation in adolescent chronic otitis media: our experience in 15 cases
Authors: Mogre Dilesh A. , Ahmed Fazal M. , Banu Parvathi T.
Published: August 2019

Background: Chronic otitis media is one of the most common paediatric conditions but ear surgery in children is challenging. The high rates of failure have often questioned surgical management of dry asymptomatic perforations in pediatric age group. This study aimed to assess the results of butterfly cartilage myringoplasty in adolescent population with small to medium perforation in chronic otitis media.

Methods: We studied 15 cases in our prospective cross sectional observational study performed in the department of ENT at a secondary health centre in the eastern suburbs of Mumbai between October 2016 and September 2017. Children aged between 12 to 18 years with chronic otitis media mucosal inactive type with a central, small to medium sized tympanic membrane perforation and mild to moderate conductive hearing loss were included in this study.

Results: Results showed that the average age was 14.63 (SD=1.79 years) with an M: F ratio of 1:1.14. The mean hearing gain in cases with medium perforation was 11.75 dB and 5.7 dB in cases having small perforations two cases showed residual crescentic perforation.

Conclusions: Our study shows that endoscopic butterfly graft myringoplasty in small to medium perforation in adolescent age group has good success rate and is safe, quick and minimally invasive day care procedure.
Laryngopharyngeal reflux- diagnosis and management at a tertiary care centre
Authors: Fathima Afshan , A. Vivekanand , Prakash M. D.
Published: August 2019

Background: Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) disease is a clinical entity due to the retrograde flow of gastric contents into the pharynx. It can be considered as an extraesophageal syndrome of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The objective of the present study is to study the clinical profile of LPR and their response to treatment.

Methods: 100 consecutive patients attending the outpatient department of ENT, presenting with a clinical profile of LPR were selected in the present study. The patients’ symptoms were evaluated based on the reflux symptom index (RSI) and was followed by an endoscopic examination of larynx and a scoring was made based on reflux finding score (RFS). An RSI score of ≥13 and RFS of >7 were considered for starting patients on LPR treatment. The patients were then put on treatment and followed up for 3 months.  

Results: In our study population the most common symptom was foreign body sensation in throat (52%). The most common sign noted on endoscopic examination of larynx was hyperemia/erythema of laryngeal tissue particularly bilateral arytenoids. Majority of our patients responded well to combination of pantoprazole (40 mg) and domperidon (30 mg) for 4 weeks. This was evaluated in terms of reduction in the RSI and RFS scores.

Conclusions: LPR is more commonly encountered clinical entity and the otorhinolaryngologist should bear it in mind while treating patients for chronic complaints of throat pain, change in voice etc. Appropriate diagnosis and management of LPR can prevent unwarranted use of antibiotics and surgeries in these patients.
A case control study of nasal passage changes in repaired cleft lip and/or plate deformity with persons without any such deformity
Authors: Ahmad M.
Published: August 2019

Background: Cleft lip with or without an associated cleft palate (CLP) is one of the most common congenital birth defects. Both the frequency with which it occurs and the high psychosocial and financial costs associated with CLP contribute to a significant public health interest in the condition. The aim of the present study is to assess the nasal passage changes in repaired cleft lip and/or plate deformity with persons without any such deformity.

Methods: It was a case-control study comprising of 2 groups. Carried out in 25 patients with 15 years and above admitted in plastic surgery or ENT Department of Gandhi Memorial and associated hospital or in patients in whom surgery has been performed earlier. After taking written informed consents from family members or legal guardians detailed history with presenting complaints was taken. Data entry and statistical analysis were performed using the Microsoft Excel and SPSS windows version 16.0 software. Tests of significance like Chi-square test are applied to find out the results.

Results: Mean age of cases in 25.8 years and control 28.7. Deviation of nasal septum was present in 68% cases and 28% in control. Nasal obstruction left side in higher in cases than control. Deviation of nasal septum (L) was more common in cleft because most of the patient had cleft in left side. Caudal dislocation was also common in cleft. It was opposite to the side of cleft. It was common on right side because most of the patients have cleft on left side.

Conclusions: Nasal airflow analysis would be particularly helpful in such investigations. The commonest presenting symptom is nasal obstruction. It is due to deviation of nasal septum.
Evaluation of swallowing dysfunction in cases of locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma oral cavity pre and post treatment
Authors: Raj Poonam , Gupta Devendra Kumar , Samuel Sameer , Singh Sanajeet Kumar
Published: August 2019

Background: Oral cancer is one of the leading causes of dysphagia worldwide and is extremely common in Indian males. Swallowing dysfunction occurs due to the disease itself, its predisposing factors like tobacco chewing or smoking and the treatment undertaken which includes surgery of the primary as well as neck dissection and the adjuvant radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy. This study was aimed to evaluate swallowing dysfunction in patients of locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity prior to treatment and post-surgery and adjuvant therapy.

Methods: 30 consecutive patients of advanced oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma planned for definitive treatment at a tertiary care center were randomly selected and included in the study. Evaluation of swallowing function was carried out using a dysphagia score and FEES (functional endoscopic evaluation of swallowing) initially during work-up for surgery, then three to four weeks post-surgery and finally six to eight weeks post adjuvant therapy.

Results: Results of the study revealed that swallowing dysfunctions was observed in all the timelines of the study. Smoking, larger resection and advanced tumour stage were strong risk factors for postoperative aspiration and dysphagia complications in oral cancer patients. Multi-modality treatment also increased the incidence of post treatment dysphagia.

Conclusions: Subjective and objective assessment of swallowing dysfunctions have to be considered as important tools to assess dysphagia pre and post treatment in oral cancer patients to detect swallowing dysfunction especially silent aspiration to institute early intervention in terms of swallow therapy.
Three cases of branchial fistula in one family: a rare presentation
Authors: Mehta Rupa , Das Jyoti Ranjan , Nagarkar Nitin M.
Published: August 2019

Branchial cleft anomalies comprise approximately 30% of congenital neck mass and present as cyst, sinus or fistula. They occur due to disturbance in the maturation of the branchial apparatus during fetal development. They are congenital lesions usually present in childhood, but they are usually diagnosed in later childhood or early adulthood because of enlargement or infection. Branchial cleft fistulae are usually diagnosed earlier than cysts. Correct diagnosis leads to proper management. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice. Second branchial cleft and pouch anomalies are commonest amongst all branchial cleft lesions, but complete second branchial cleft anomalies with external and internal opening is rare. Branchial anomalies with family history are also very rare. Here we present a case report of complete branchial fistula with family history which was managed by complete excision of fistula through transcervical and transoral approaches. 3 members of one family in 2 generations presented with branchial apparatus anomalies (father and his two children, elder son and younger daughter). All of them were having branchial fistula on right side of neck since birth.
A cultura do recreio escolar
Authors: Krug Hugo Norberto , Krug Rodrigo De Rosso , Krug Marilia De Rosso , Telles Cassiano , Flores Patric Paludett
Published: August 2019

O estudo objetivou compreender a cultura do recreio de alunos dos Anos Iniciais do Ensino Fundamental (AIEF), de escolas da rede de ensino municipal, de uma cidade da região sul do Brasil. Caracterizamos a pesquisa como qualitativa do tipo estudo de caso etnográfico. Os instrumentos utilizados foram a observação participante e o diário de campo. Participaram 2509 alunos dos AIEF de quinze escolas da referida rede e cidade. As considerações finais foram: 1) a cultura da ocupação do espaço físico e dos materiais disponíveis é caracterizada pela concentração em uma quadra esportiva e pela pouca diversidade e quantidade de materiais disponíveis; 2) a cultura de jogos, brinquedos e brincadeiras realizadas é caracterizada pela prática com maior frequência de dois tipos de jogos (futebol e pegador), possuindo um conjunto limitado em relação à sua diversidade; 3) a cultura da agressividade dos alunos é caracterizada por não ocorrer muita agressividade, mas que apareceram algumas formas de pequenas agressões, sendo a ocorrência das agressões físicas em maior quantidade que as verbais, prevalecendo os alunos mais velhos e do sexo masculino os que possuem mais atitudes agressoras; 4) a cultura das relações de gênero dos alunos é caracterizada por na maior parte do tempo do recreio os meninos e as meninas não brincarem juntos; e, 5) a cultura de exclusão ou inclusão dos alunos deficientes é caracterizada pelo aparente bom acolhimento pelos seus colegas ditos normais e pela participação da maioria destes nos jogos, brincadeiras e brinquedos.
Policy Analysis no Brasil: uma revisão de literatura a partir das teses divulgadas na biblioteca digital brasileira de teses e dissertações (BDTD) sobre o tema
Authors: Jacques Flávia Verônica Silva
Published: August 2019

A formulação de políticas públicas envolvem um conjunto de princípios e normas que orientam e norteiam as ações do Estado e permitem a mediação entre o poder público e a sociedade. O desenho das políticas públicas até a sua concretização influenciam nos resultados da política, beneficiando ou desfavorecendo determinados atores. Nesse sentido, a análise de políticas públicas surge como uma vertente de investigação aplicada a análise de atividades concretas do ente público, suas ações e seus reflexos sociais. O presente estudo faz uma revisão de literatura sobre a análise de políticas públicas por meio das teses produzidas nos últimos dois anos (2016-2017) divulgadas na Biblioteca Digital Brasileira de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD) para demonstrar como o tema está sendo desenvolvido na academia, e quais as principais áreas da política estão sendo abrangidas pelas pesquisas.
Educação integral e em tempo integral como direito humano – as políticas de educação no Brasil e Portugal
Authors: Moura Eliana Perez Gonçalves de , Zucchetti Dinora Thereza , Lacerda Miriam Pires Correia de
Published: August 2019

Aborda a educação cotejando as políticas de ampliação da jornada escolar no Brasil e em Portugal. O texto resulta de análise de  dados secundários, a partir de pesquisa quali-quantitativa, do tipo exploratória e descritiva, realizadas em ambos os países, combinado à análise de  legislações especificas. Evidenciando convergências e divergências entre ambas políticas discute-se direito à educação e à proteção social como elementos constitutivas dos direitos humanos.
Myth in Plato's philosophy
Authors: Menezes Luiz Maurício Bentim da Rocha
Published: August 2019

The aim of this paper is analysis the myth in Plato’s work based on the paper of Ludwig Edelstein. In his work, Edelstein presents to us the reason why Plato uses the myth and the function it plays in his philosophy. The author thus contributes to the development of thought on the subject and provides a lever for later studies on the myth in Plato. Finally, we will present a critical conclusion on the subject.
Quine e o pluralismo lógico
Authors: Batista Neto Alberto Leopoldo
Published: August 2019

Investiga-se a possibilidade de uma abordagem do fenômeno do pluralismo lógico a partir de uma perspectiva inspirada no pensamento de Quine. A matematização da lógica termina por levar à flexibilização da teoria lógica, logo surgindo, não apenas sistemas complementares e alternativos à lógica clássica, mas também a questão da admissibilidade de mais do que um sistema lógico. A tal posição se dá o nome “pluralismo lógico”. Quine foi um destacado defensor da lógica clássica a partir de uma perspectiva monista, ainda que admitisse em princípio a possibilidade de sua revisão. Pode-se, contudo, investigar se as linhas gerais do pensamento quineano são compatíveis com uma perspectiva pluralista. Algumas possibilidades são levantadas tomando em consideração propostas como as teorias pluralistas de Carlo Dalla Pozza e Richard Epstein. Conclui-se que, embora Quine não concebesse a possibilidade de apoiar o pluralismo lógico, a sua filosofia ajuda a enquadrar e avaliar as maneiras de estudar o assunto.
Para um socratismo exemplar: Euclides de Mégara e a filosofia do Bem
Authors: Mathias de Alencar Cesar Augusto
Published: August 2019

Pretendemos neste artigo apresentar uma aproximação crítica com relação à filosofia desenvolvida pelos chamados megáricos, em face sobretudo da figura de Euclides de Mégara como representante e líder dessa linhagem de pensamento. O enfoque será feito tendo em vista o tipo de filosofia exposta e praticada por Euclides, a partir das acusações que contra ela se fizeram denunciando-a como pura erística, ou seja, a disputa e o debate entre discursos com o único objetivo de obter vitória na argumentação. O que se constata em Euclides é a defesa da prática do debate com a finalidade de mostrar que o discurso é incapaz de dar conta da realidade, de um modo geral, e assim impossível de determinar, de um modo específico, o Ser e a Unidade que são a essência daquilo que organiza e move todas as coisas. Essa essência de ordem é desejável por ser boa, e o Bem se apresenta, assim, como fundamento da realidade. Os estudos sobre a tradição megárica dividem-se entre a influência dos eleatas e a influência de Sócrates. Faremos, desse modo, a defesa de que a filosofia de Euclides está afinada com o socratismo, conjugando de um modo exemplar aquilo que os eleatas haviam definido em relação ao Ser.
Ética e moral epicurista em Così parlò Bellavista, de Luciano de Crescenzo
Authors: Bueno Matheus Santos
Published: August 2019

Este artigo analisa, aproximando as áreas da Literatura e da Filosofia, a Moral e a Ética sob a perspectiva do filósofo grego Epicuro, na obra italiana Così parlò Bellavista: Napoli, amore e libertà (Assim falou Bellavista: Nápoles, amor e liberdade), de Luciano de Crescenzo, publicada em 1977. Apesar das ideias de Epicuro terem sido concebidas há séculos do personagem professor de filosofia Gennaro Bellavista, este acredita que os napolitanos se comportam conforme os ensinamentos do mestre grego: pela via do prazer e pela negação das dores físicas e das atribulações mentais. Ainda que a análise de Bellavista seja pautada em Epicuro, o professor acrescenta suas próprias reflexões sobre a vida em Nápoles, contextualizando a filosofia epicurista para esse povo. A partir deste contexto, busca-se analisar também, com base na antinomia utilizada no pensamento filosófico apolíneo-dionisíaco, por trechos do romance e pela análise de uma anedota, intitulada “Geraldinho, o kamikaze”, presente no livro estudado, como os napolitanos podem ser observados por esse viés. Observa-se que os napolitanos, pensados pelo professor Bellavista, seguem um comportamento epicurista-napolitano: ética e moral são pautadas nas características do dionisíaco, isto é, preferência pela desordem, desprezo pelas leis e desfrute dos prazeres primários, segundo a classificação dos prazeres de Epicuro.
Os diversos métodos para se chegar ao ‘eu’: análise filosófica do conto Um discurso sobre o método de Sérgio Sant’anna
Authors: Pitt Rafael César
Published: August 2019

O presente artigo apresenta uma análise filosófica do conto Um discurso sobre o método escrito por Sérgio Sant’Anna. O objetivo da análise é demonstrar que o conto é construído como um esforço de mímesis da filosofia cartesiana. Parte-se do pressuposto que o texto artístico comporta múltiplas interpretações, principalmente quando construído em diálogo com a filosofia. Do tema em destaque, o cartesianismo defende a ideia de que a subjetividade (o ‘eu’) é um dado radical sem ligação com o entorno material, social e cultural. Todavia, o contista contemporâneo discorda deste isolamento e constrói uma narrativa na qual o ‘eu’ é descoberto através de vários métodos. Com isto amplia-se a compreensão hodierna de que o sujeito não está fechado sobre parâmetros científicos estritos, e sim se abre a inúmeras manifestações fenomênicas. Esta análise literária e filosófica vai amparada nos conceitos analíticos de Gerard Genette em O discurso da narrativa, assim como em concepções literárias de Edgar Allan Poe, Júlio Cortázar e Ricardo Piglia além, é claro, de algumas obras de René Descartes. O resultado alcançado é um exercício especulativo que, à primeira vista, parece uma crítica ao puro cartesianismo, mas que, ao contrário, se posiciona como um complemento que reconhece e amplia os caminhos da modernidade para o estudo do ‘eu’. Em acréscimo indicam-se semelhanças entre o conto e a obra de Descartes, o que reforça nossa tese de mímesis e complementariedade entre a obra literária e a filosófica. 
John Locke e o direito de resistência
Authors: Ottonicar Flávio Gabriel Capinzaiki
Published: August 2019

Na sua principal obra política, os Dois Tratados Sobre o Governo, Locke defende o direito do indivíduo de resistir ao soberano. Entretanto, segundo Locke, o ser humano abandona o estado de natureza voluntariamente para criar o Estado político com a esperança de que o poder político amenize as inconveniências do estado de natureza. Se a criação do Estado político foi voluntária, em que circunstâncias se deve resistir às determinações do soberano? Além disso, como fundamentar o direito de resistência ao soberano que foi instituído com a permissão do próprio indivíduo que agora pretende resistir as suas determinações? O objetivo do presente texto é discutir os motivos pelos quais a defesa do direito de resistência se torna necessária no pensamento político de Locke, e de que forma e com quais fundamentos Locke defende tal direito no Segundo Tratado Sobre o Governo. Pretende-se reconstruir o argumento de Locke em defesa do direito de resistência a partir da análise da referida obra e seu contraste com o Patriarcha (obra de Robert Filmer que Locke ataca em Dois Tratados); do contexto histórico e de alguns dos seus principais comentadores.Ainda que, segundo Locke, o Estado tenha surgido para proteger os direitos individuais como a liberdade e a propriedade, o governante está sujeito a se corromper e utilizar sua posição para praticar a injustiça contra seus súditos. O direito de resistência, apoiado na lei da natureza que permanece em vigor mesmo no estado civil, é o último recurso dos indivíduos contra a tirania praticada pelo governante corrompido.
Physical and chemical properties, geochemistry of condensates from the deposits of the middle Jurassic Maloyamalsky field (Western Siberia) and adamantanes in them
Authors: Fursenko Elena A. , Pevneva Galina S. , Kazanenkov Valery A. , Voronetskaya Natalya G. , Golovko Anatoly K. , Kashirtsev Vladimir A.
Published: August 2019

According to geochemical hydrocarbon indicators (the concentration ratios for the composition of the C4-C9 hydrocarbons, n-alkanes, C10-C13 adamantanes and acyclic isoprenanes, steranes, terpanes and aromatic compounds) and carbon isotope composition, the condensates of the Maloyamalskoe deposit correspond to the terrigenous genotype. The hydrocarbon maturity indexes (the isomer ratios of steranes and terpanes, maturity indices calculated by aromatic composition) indicate the origination of the hydrocarbon fluids in the conditions of the “oil window”. The adamantan and its alkyl-substituted identified in the studied condensates.
Typomorphic minerals oxidation zone of gold-copper porphyry ore of the Malmyzh deposit (Svoboda)
Authors: Kryukov Viktor G. , Lavrik Natalya A. , Litvinova Natalya M. , Stepanova Valentina F.
Published: August 2019

The Malmyzh gold-copper porphyry deposit located in the central part of the Khabarovsk region has a rather developed oxidation zone. The object was identified during the exploration and evaluation work in the 70s, but received a negative assessment in terms of prospects for ore gold. LLC “Amur-Minerals” began to geological study of Malmyzh zone in 2005. Exploration work continues at the present time. The mineral composition of primary ore deposits is well studied. While the common minerals like a limonite and goethite are marked for the oxidation zone the most of minerals that may have a typomorphic meaning in solving genetic and other issues are beyond the purview of researchers. The study relevance of the mineral composition of the oxidation zone are due to the fact that its share and intensively oxidized ores account for up to 7% of gold and copper. The authors carried out a mineralogical and technological composition research of the oxidation zone of one of the sites of the Malmyzh deposit using small technological samples. The main part of samples is kaolinized and limonitized diorite porphyrites. In the oxidized ores, there are: limonite, goethite, magnetite, pyrite, less often – arsenopyrite, galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, and developed on copper and iron sulfides, covelline, bornite, azurite and malachite. Visible grains (0,2-0,7 mm) were established using mineralogical analysis including instrumental. They are: native gold, platinum, platinum zirconium intermetallic, copper, aluminum, zinc; diamonds are typomorphic minerals of both practical and theoretical importance. Blast tube consisting magmatic-hydrothermal breccias was opened in the northwestern part of site. Thus, the association of the listed minerals is unique and allows to restore the conditions of formation of the oxidation zone and the genesis of primary ores.
Prospects of the Malo-Chipiketsky quartz-bearing zone for quartz raw materials of high quality
Authors: Galiakhmetova Liliya Kh. , Bydtaeva Nina G. , Nepryakhin Alexander E.
Published: August 2019

The article discusses the prospects of the Malo-Chipiketsky zone in the southern part of the Patomsky quartz-bearing region of the Baikal province, as a potentially probable new raw material base for granular and transparent quartz in the east of the country. The assessment of the area prospects was carried out according to the algorithm developed by FSUE TsNIIgeolerud for studying quartz objects, which includes a set of the most effective methods for assessing quartz raw materials, quartz concentrates and products from them. The research results showed high efficiency of the algorithm. The studies made it possible at the stage of prospecting to expressly, with a high degree of probability, sort out objects according to the quality of raw materials, identify ore-formation types of quartz and outline possible directions for the use of raw materials. The results were used in the selection and contouring of promising sections of quartz veins to assess the predicted resources of the selected ore-formation types of quartz.
The Impact of the World Health Organization Essential Newborn Package on Newborn Care Practices and Survival Rates in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Emmanuel Andy , Kain Victoria , Forster Elizabeth
Published: August 2019

Sub-Saharan Africa, has the highest child mortality rate in the world (World Health Organization [WHO], 2016). However, there is a paucity of current systematic reviews on the impact of essential newborn care interventions in Africa. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to summarize evidence about the impact of essential newborn care interventions in Africa. Numerous databases were searched to retrieve articles that reported interventions in newborn care in Africa. The search was limited to the English language and to articles published between 2007 and 2017. Nine articles were selected for inclusion in this systematic review. Overall, these papers demonstrated an increase in performance of health workers (between 8 and 400%) following a test of knowledge, while health workers practical performance increased by 34%. Moreover, neonatal mortality was reduced by 45%, while perinatal mortality was reduced by 30%. Training healthcare workers is one of the most effective ways of improving newborn care and neonatal survival in Africa. However, there is a need for additional evidence to support this, because none of the reviewed studies assessed the impact of training by examining variables such as trainees' satisfaction with training, the knowledge and skills developed, and the health outcomes achieved.
Call Us Midwives: Critical Comparison of What Is a Midwife and What Is Midwifery
Authors: Jefford Elaine , Alonso Cristina , Stevens Jennifer R.
Published: August 2019

Research has identified midwifery as key to improving maternal and child health globally. Consequently, increasing the numbers, access, and quality of midwives is paramount as attention, funding, education, and support increases. Yet what a midwife and midwifery are is often misunderstood. The terms midwife and midwifery are often used interchangeably. Other cadres such as nurses, doulas, Skilled Birth Attendant, traditional birth attendant, and nurses with obstetric/perinatal experience are often referred to as midwives or providers of midwifery care. As health systems work to integrate midwives and midwifery, global clarity and understanding must exist on what midwives are and what they are not, and what midwifery is and is not. As the first step to establishing clarity; we undertook a critical comparison of existing different countries, ‘not for profit and professional organizations’ definitions and interpretation of a midwife and midwifery philosophy. The International Confederation of Midwives' definition of a midwife and midwifery philosophy, and their Global Standards for Midwifery Education acted as the baseline. A global consensus and commitment to educational systems and culture that teaches the midwifery model and the philosophy behind that care can positively impact and improve outcomes for women and babies.
The Proportions, Regulations, and Training Plans of Male Midwives Worldwide: A Descriptive Study of 77 Countries
Authors: Sannomiya Masana , Sasagawa Emi , Hikita Naoko , Yonezawa Kaori , Haruna Megumi
Published: August 2019

Objectives

The proportions of male midwives as well as regulations and training plans targeting male midwives were investigated.

Methods

Questionnaires were sent to 109 United Nations member countries where midwifery associations had opened their e-mail addresses. Respondents were persons in charge of midwifery education or policy recommended by midwifery associations, researchers, or acquaintances. The questionnaire inquired about the number of midwives and obstetrician-gynecologists by gender in the country, as well as regulations and training plans relevant to male ones. For those countries that either failed to respond or provided insufficient information, supplemental Internet searches were conducted.

Results

Data from 77 countries were analyzed (57 countries returned the questionnaires, and data on another 20 were obtained through Internet searches). Of the 19 countries without male midwives, five did not allow men to become midwives. In 37 countries with male midwives whose proportion data were available, the median proportion was 0.63%. Respondents in 13 countries described regulations respecting women who unwanted care by male midwives and in other two explained training plans for male midwives considering their specific characteristics.

Conclusion

The proportion of male midwives is small, and regulations and training plans for male midwives varied depending on social content in countries.
PENYANGKALAN ADANYA TUHAN DALAM PANDANGAN ATEIS DAN SAINS MODERN
Authors: Herwansyah Herwansyah
Published: August 2019

The philosophy of the 19th and 20th centuries gave birth to the idea of atheism. Modern atheist figures include Ludwig Feuerbach, Karl Marx, Friedrich Nietzsche, Sigmund Freud and Jean-Paul Sartre. The denial of God presented by each of the 19th and 20th century figures has his own arguments and context. According to Feurbach God is the creation of human delusion. Karl Marx, religion is the opium of the people. Nietzsche, God is dead. Sigmund Freud, religion according to his psychological nature is an illusion. Sartre, the existence of God is nothingness. The denial of God by modern scientists does not mean not to believe in the existence of God at all, but they just have put aside the existence of God. The scientists deny the existence of God with mean to awaken, awaken the religious human beings of the social condition
MAKNA JILBAB GAUL
Authors: Boty Midya
Published: August 2019

The paper tries to uncover the meaning and the factors of “Hijab Gaul” (Slank Hijab), modern style of Hijab” for higher students. Hijab is not only as an identity for muslim women as a devotion to Islamic teaching and the symbol of piety, it also the fashion. The paper use qualitative method that reveals he meaning of people behavior in social context. The paper finds that there are variations of the meaning of Hijab for higher students as (1) the symbols of identity (2) lifestyle (3) social statuse (4) symbol of personality (5) symbol of peaceful personal tranquility.
TIPOLOGI IDENTITAS MUSLIM TIONGHOA DI PALEMBANG SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Syarif Zaki Faddad , Herwansyah Herwansyah
Published: August 2019

This article seeks to describe the existence of the Muslim Chinese in Palembang. So far, the discussion on Chinese Tionghoa always represented by PITI (Persatuan Islam Tionghoa Indonesia) (Persatuan Iman Tauhid Indonesia) or the non muslim Chineses who convert to Islam . However, in the case of Palembang it was found that the Chinese Muslim identity could be divided into two typology, the peranakan Chinese Muslims, the Muslim descendants of China from the 17th and 18th centuries and not from the colonial segregation of colonial politics, but as they recalled their past- social well-established in traditional Islamic society of Palembang. The second group is a converted Chinese, a non-Islamic Chinese convert to Islam. This group is represented by PITI Palembang
PERKEMBANGAN ORTODOKSI ISLAM DI PALEMBANG HINGGA AWAL ABAD XX
Authors: Muchtar Aflatun , Firdaus Aristophan
Published: August 2019

This article will discuss the shape Islam in Palembang until early XX century. This article uses the theory of Islamic classification of Indonesia according to the fiederspiel between Orthodox Islam and Nominal Islam. Orthodox Islam according to fiederspiel (1970) is a group that runs sharia or Islamic tradition firmly based on the understanding of the text. By negating the differences in looking at the elements of local tradition (pure Islam / modernist and traditional Islam) this group has a tendency towards the identity of Islam as the most prominent or embracing it in the political ideology and making it a lifeline. While the nominally Islamic group, is a group that does not place Islam as a primary identity, or as a political ideology. Although the nature of Islamic orthodoxy is more salient but the pragmatism of Islamic political elites can lead to more dynamic political behavior by adjusting to political escalation at the national level.
IMPLEMENTASI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER SEBAGAI DHARMA AGAMA DAN DHARMA NEGARA
Authors: Kiriana I Nyoman
Published: August 2019

Adanya patologi sosial yang semakin memprihatinkan saat ini, harusnya ditemukan solusi terbaik dalam menanganinya. Salah satu cara yang harus dilakukan adalah mewujudkan pendidikan karakter maksimal dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat dan negara. Pendidikan karakter harus dilaksanakan mulai dari lingkungan terdekat yaitu keluarga, masyarakat dan bangsa dan negara. Pendidikan karakter adalah upaya yang dirancang dan dilaksanakan secara sistematis untuk membantu peserta didik memahami nilai-nilai perilaku manusia yang terkait dengan Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, diri, sesama manusia, lingkungan, dan kebangsaan yang diwujudkan dalam pikiran, sikap, perasaan, kata-kata, dan perbuatan berdasarkan norma agama, hukum, etiket, budaya, dan adat istiadat. Dengan mengimplementasikan semua ajaran agama pada tingkat kehidupan dengan pendekatan humanis, maka tujuan akhir dalam agama masing-masing akan terwujud, serta bentuk dharma agama dan negara dharma
SPRITUALITAS YESUS : MENGASIHI SESAMA SEPERTI MENGASIHI DIRI SENDIRI
Authors: Fitriyana Nur
Published: August 2019

Spritualitas Yesus pada dimensi pertama, yaitu mengasihi Allah dengan segenap hati, jiwa dan kekuatanmu. Dimensi pertama ini disempurnakan dengan dimensi kedua, mengasihi sesama seperti mengasihi diri sendiri. Implementasi dari dimensi kedua ini, yaitu Yesus konsisten untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang berhubungan dengan orang-orang miskin, orang sakit, orang-orang yang berdosa, dan domba-domba yang hilang dari Israil
GAGASAN REKONSTRUKSI TRADISI MUSABAQAH TILAWATIL QURAN (MTQ) DALAM PERSPEKTIF RAHMATAN LIL ‘ALAMIN
Authors: Azwar Alfi Julizun
Published: August 2019

The universal values ​​contained in the Qur'an are the bearers of grace for the universe, as well as in the implementation of the Koran-based competition that is held annually in Indonesia and manifested in Musabaqah Tilawatil Quran or so-called MTQ. Therefore, ideally the activities of MTQ involve the whole community. At the beginning of its implementation, Musabaqah Tilawatil Quran (MTQ) runs with the spirit of kinship, honesty and for presenting the da'wah of Islam itself. The fact is that MTQ in Indonesia is allegedly being shifted along with the empirical problems that follow the annual event, such as data manipulation of participants, cheating between offisial, until the indication of non-transparent and objective assessment on the Council of Judges allegedly want to win the host of the organizers. Then the nuances of the race are considered stagnant and monotonous, it is necessary to rethink (rethinking) about the concept of organizing the existing MTQ. So in this study there are two things to be studied. First, how is the culture phenomenon in MTQ tradition? Second, how is the reconstruction of the MTQ tradition in the perspective of rahmatan lil 'alamin? The method used in this research is descriptive analysis, which is a method of research through qualitative approach resulting from a data collected through surveys in the field. While the data collection technique used is triangulation ie observation, interview, and documentation. In the meantime, this research seeks to answer and map the various problems and cultures of existing MTQ such as implementation guidance, judge judge transparency, MTQ membership validity, to the frauds that often occur and become permissive. So the model of the upcoming MTQ is a representative activity that encompasses the value of rahmatan lil'alamin itself and in accordance with its substance, not only ceremonies, but also has a typically dynamic, religious nuance, and has a certain standardized curriculum. It is at this stage that the reconstruction of MTQ can be developed in the fields of art, science and technology, culture and humanities, theology and Epoleksoshankam which all of these fields can give a fresh look and feel in this annual event, from the organizing system, ceremonial ceremony, to the substance the material of MTQ is in accordance with the vision of Islam rahmatan lil alamin which can be felt by all levels of society.
EKSISTENSI ISLAM KULTURAL DI TENGAH GEMPURAN GERAKAN ISLAM TRANSNASIONAL
Authors: Hidayatullah Ahmad Syarif
Published: August 2019

In the midst of the swift flow of transnational Islamic movements in spreading the ideas and ideologies of puritanism to all levels of Indonesian society that not only to the urban community but also has penetrated into the corners of the village at least it has led to resistance from the Muslim community of Indonesia, especially the Muslim community strongly upholding traditional values ​​in their religious systems. Such resistance is seen in some cases that occur on the island of Bangka which is related to the culture of maulidan, grave, tahlilan, and the reading of talqin which has become a tradition of Muslim communities of Bangka island. However, responding and responding to this, Kampung teachers using and promoting the method of education and teaching 'pengajian kampung' at least enough to stem the flow of movement of ideology of puritanism that began to penetrate into the island community of Bangka. So then the existence of Islamic cultural that characteristic of Malay can still be maintained.
DIMENSI TASAWUF PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DAN PENCEGAHAN KEKERASAN TERHADAP ANAK DALAM KELUARGA
Authors: Al-Kaf Idrus
Published: August 2019

Family is the first and foremost educational institution in human life. Both parents acted as teachers and children as students. In this case, parents, besides being obliged to raise their children physically, are also obliged to mature them psychologically and spiritually. But in reality, the existence of children is often overlooked, even worse, children are often become victims of adult violence and abuse.In fact, violence against children does not only have a negative impact on child development, but also a violation of human rights against children, which includes the right to live, the rights to protection, and the right to education. These rights are those which are the basic rights possessed by every human being as a gift from God which has been carried from the early life.For this reason, efforts to prevent violence against children in the family is necessary, one of which, is to instill mystical values to children as early as possible. Efforts to improve the noble character for children can be adopted from the Quranic teachings and some mystical attitudes and behaviors that aim to instill spiritual values. Every child's mistakes are always controlled by actions and punishments that can remind him of God. Mystical character education is a mystical solution that will play a major role in realizing a moral revolution and spiritual character in society.
TERAPI HOLISTIK DALAM PERAN YESUS SEBAGAI TABIB KARISMATIK
Authors: Fitriyana Nur
Published: August 2019

Jesus was understood as an ordinary human being at his first appeareance, then he appeared as a rabbi, messiah and prophet, and performed his role not only as a charismatic rabbi or a prophet, but also a charismatic physician. Jesus implements loving others, by healing sick people in a different way from the practices that occur in their society. He is not a medical expert and not a professional doctor. Although in his day there were many doctors and physicians, but the amount was little and their knowledge about medicine was very limited. Moreover, poor people are rarely able to pay them. Besides that there are also professional exorcists who are able to expel evil spirits by using ancient ceremonial formulas in the form of incantations, symbolic actions, certain items and mention of someone's name. Sometimes saints also appear who are able to bring rain and heal with simple and spontaneous prayer to God. It seems that Jesus is using a different therapy from his day, which is holistic therapy. In the world of medicine, it is known as holistic medicine, which is synergizing the physical, mental, spiritual and emotional elements of a person in maintaining their health.
QIRA`AH MU`ASIRAH: REVOLUSI METODE PENAFSIRAN AL QURAN MUHAMMAD SYAHRUR
Authors: Azwar Alfi Julizun , Nurhayat Muhammad Arpah , Novita Ida
Published: August 2019

Tafsir bi ar-riwayat constructs the understanding of verses by using other verses related to or using hadith, qaulu asshahabah and even qaul at-tabi`in is believed by some interpreters as the correct and safe method, for them this is called the al-ashil interpretation which accepted because of having source while the interpretation that ignores these aspects is called the ad-dakhil interpretation which is rejected, another case with Muhammad Syahrur who actually invites to disconnect the verse with each context. In other words the verse stands alone and its words is a great miracle owned by the Koran he named this project the term Qiraah mu`ashashirah with two approaches which he called tanasuq al-ayah bil-ayah and nadhariyyatul hudud.
METAFISIKA SUHRAWARDI: GRADASI ESSENSI DAN KESADARAN DIRI
Authors: Zulhelmi Zulhelmi
Published: August 2019

Ontological (metaphysical) and epistemological isyraqiyah (illuminative) thinking is born as an alternative to previous weaknesses of philosophy. Suhrawardi compromised various schools of thought, especially discrusive reasoning with intellectual intuition, had given a new direction to the development of Islamic philosophy. The incorporation of knowledge and technology is not a goal of life, but a means for people to be aware of their responsibilities as caliphs on the surface of the earth. The concept of the reality of the light of the nature of its existence varies, the intensity of its appearance leads to essentialism.
Contacto y cambios lingüísticos en el pasado: sobre las sibilantes castellanas en el Bilbao del siglo XVII
Authors: Zuloaga Eneko
Published: August 2019

El presente trabajo ahonda en el estudio de la transición del sistema fonológico castellano medieval al moderno: se trabaja en la descripción del sistema de sibilantes castellanas del siglo XVII en el área de Bilbao, territorio bilingüe vasco-castellano al norte de la Península Ibérica. Para dicho fin se ha analizado el manuscrito de Rafael de Micoleta (1653). En concreto, se pretende dilucidar en qué estado se hallaban los procesos de fricatización y ensordecimiento en el norte peninsular, y la existencia de la interdental /θ/, nueva en aquella época. Se estudia, además, la presencia del seseo, así como su relación distributiva con la /θ/ y la posible influencia del contacto lingüístico vasco-castellano en su creación y desarrollo.            En resumen, se describe un estado avanzado para las neutralizaciones mencionadas y se defiende, sin embargo, la inexistencia de la interdental /θ/ en el Bilbao la época, al menos de forma extendida, debido a la existencia bien documentada del seseo. Además, se suma el argumento de la cronología absoluta para descartar una posible influencia de las neutralizaciones ocurridas en lengua vasca en el origen del seseo, si bien dicha influencia no se descarta para épocas y procesos posteriores.
Compétence d’interaction et négociation du sens dans une activité de littératie entre pairs en immersion française en Colombie-Britannique (Canada)
Authors: Sabatier Cecile Nathalie
Published: August 2019

En contexte d’apprentissage du français langue seconde, la compétence d’interaction est une compétence clé à construire. Elle repose sur l’idée que l’apprenant communique et interagit avec ses interlocuteurs, pour la construction des savoirs langagiers et disciplinaires. Alors que les interactions entre enseignant et élèves font l’objet de nombreux travaux, le travail entre pairs reste encore opaque. À partir d’une activité de littératie entre élèves d’immersion sixième année, et en nous appuyant sur une approche sociolinguistique, il s’agit de montrer les rouages du travail collaboratif pour cerner les stratégies linguistiques et cognitives employées par les apprenants dans la résolution d’une tâche.
A Silent Production, both of Text and Self: Conceptualizing the Psychic Work of Comics Reading
Authors: Lewkowich David , Jacobs Nicholas
Published: August 2019

In this paper, we wonder how comics – through its play of absence and presence, and as unique multimodal merger of visual arts and literature – may allow readers to engage in a particular kind of psychic work, involving the influence of memory and unconscious life on reading experience. We thus discuss an explicitly psychoanalytic understanding of reading comics, paying particular attention to the mental movements of repression, projection, and reparation. Drawing on readers’ experiences with Lynda Barry’s The Freddie Stories, we also consider how the formal elements of comics reading might allow readers to work through the effects of potentially difficult personal histories.
Tradução da “Carta ao lorde Ellenborough”, de Percy Bysshe Shelley
Authors: Zwick Renato , Menezes Zwick Ludmila
Published: August 2019

A carta ao lorde Ellenborough (1790-1871), escrita pelo poeta Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822) em maio de 1812 em defesa de Daniel Isaac Eaton (1753-1814), condenado pela publicação da terceira parte de A idade da razão, de Thomas Paine (1737-1809), representa o posicionamento de um cidadão cuja arma, a escrita, o colocou em situações difíceis ao longo da vida. No ano anterior, Shelley já havia sido expulso de Oxford pelas opiniões expressas no texto A necessidade do ateísmo, e agora, nesta carta, o autor não apenas sai em defesa da liberdade de expressão de Eaton, que também pagou várias penas ao longo da vida, mas também de Paine. Thomas Paine é caro aos que se manifestam em favor da liberdade de abdicar da crença religiosa, e embora tenha sido exaltado num período de sua vida, viveu seus últimos dias na obscuridade; perderam-se inclusive seus restos mortais. Tendo participado das duas grandes revoluções de seu tempo – a norte-americana e a francesa –, compreende-se o porquê de tamanha reação do lorde Ellenborough à panfletagem de Eaton. Foi Paine o autor de obras-chave como Senso comum (publicado nos Estados Unidos em 1776) e Os direitos do homem (cuja primeira parte foi publicada na Inglaterra em 1791, e a segunda, em 1792), ambas com milhares de exemplares vendidos. Outras obras suas de radicalismo político são a Dissertação sobre os primeiros princípios do governo e da justiça agrária e A era da razão, ambas de 1795; para Paine, o homem apenas poderia esperar que o governo o deixasse em paz, já que este teria sido formado pela maldade humana. A seu ver, a primogenitura própria da aristocracia (esse monstro), com seus legisladores hereditários, seria tão ridícula quanto a existência de matemáticos hereditários. Além disso, julgava que a riqueza não era um atestado de caráter moral e que a miséria não deveria ser tolerada com normalidade. Defender alguém como Eaton, um divulgador das obras de Paine – autor que contribuiu tão intensamente para a democracia, mas que era tão malvisto e odiado que muitos desejavam nada menos que sua morte por enforcamento –, era uma atitude extremamente arriscada, mas Shelley pagou o preço, tendo sofrido retaliações em sua carreira literária, com o boicote de suas publicações e as consequentes e seriíssimas dificuldades financeiras.
O papel dos BRICS nas relações diplomáticas entre Brasil e China
Authors: Molin Elisiane Dondé Dal , Castelli Yasmin Lenz Piccoli , Luz Emanuelle de Nadal
Published: August 2019

Em 1974 China e Brasil iniciaram a construção de um diálogo que consolidou, desde então, importante parceria para os dois países, sobretudo nas áreas de comércio, infraestrutura, finanças, tecnologia, energia e alimentação. Tal conexão se tornou mais próxima após a inclusão do Brasil como membro dos BRICS, entidade formada por Brasil, Rússia, Índia, China e África do Sul. Mas, seria possível afirmar que as relações se intensificaram a partir desta inclusão? Diante da questão, o objetivo do trabalho apresentado é identificar de que maneira a criação dos BRICS influenciou no relacionamento entre China e Brasil, por meio da realização de uma pesquisa teórica e exploratória. Dadas as constatações geradas, entende-se que essas trocas diplomáticas entre os dois Estados se intensificaram devido a interação no bloco dos BRICS, contudo, alguns sinais de alerta são percebidos, dada a possível dependência do Brasil aos rumos políticos e econômicos chineses.