bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Criteria for Return to Sport after Anterior Cruciate Ligament reconstruction with lower reinjury risk (CR’STAL study): protocol for a prospective observational study in France
Authors: Rambaud Alexandre J M , Semay Bertrand , Samozino Pierre , Morin Jean-Benoît , Testa Rodolphe , Philippot Rémi , Rossi Jérémy , Edouard Pascal
Published: July 2017

Introduction

The decision regarding when to return to sport after an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is an important one. Using a variety of subjective and objective parameters, various attempts have been made to determine an optimal timeline for a return to sport after ACLR, but none have been validated.

The aim of the present study is therefore to determine which criteria or combination of criteria could allow to return to sport with the lowest possible risk of reinjury.

Methods and analysis

This study is a prospective cohort, single-centre study, with repeated assessments at 6, 9 and 12 months post-ACL surgical reconstruction and including a 3-year follow-up of patients’ sporting activity and reinjuries. 275 patients will be included to test explanatory variables. Postural control analysis, knee laxity, questionnaires (International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia-11 (TSK-11), Anterior Cruciate Ligament—Return to Sport After Reinjury (ACL-RSI) and Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE)), modified Star Excursion Balance Test, running and sprinting biomechanics, Hop Tests and Isokinetic Tests will all be used. The primary outcome will be any reinjury during the follow-up period, defined as a graft rupture, a contralateral ACL rupture or any injury necessitating an interruption of training and requiring a medical consultation. Two groups will be constituted during the follow-up, separating reinjured from non-reinjured patients. In addition, classic analysis and data mining approaches will be used to build predictive models.

Ethics and dissemination

The results of this study will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and scientific presentations. Ethical approval was obtained through the ethics committee of the University Hospital of Saint-Etienne (reference number IRBN522015/CHUSTE).
Post-authorisation passive enhanced safety surveillance of seasonal influenza vaccines: protocol of a pilot study in England
Authors: de Lusignan Simon , Dos Santos Gaël , Correa Ana , Haguinet François , Yonova Ivelina , Lair Florence , Byford Rachel , Ferreira Filipa , Stuttard Karen , Chan Tom
Published: July 2017

Aim

To pilot enhanced safety surveillance of seasonal influenza vaccine meeting the European Medicines Agency (EMA) requirement to rapidly detect a significant increase in the frequency or severity of adverse events of interest (AEIs), which may indicate risk from the new season’s vaccine.

Study design

A prospective passive enhanced safety surveillance combining data collection from adverse drug reaction (ADR) cards with automated collection of pseudonymised routinely collected electronic health record (EHR) data. This study builds on a feasibility study carried out at the start of the 2015/2016 influenza season. We will report influenza vaccine exposure and any AEIs reported via ADR card or recorded directly into the EHR, from the commencement of influenza vaccination and ends as specified by EMA (30 November 2016).

Setting

Ten volunteer English general practices, primarily using the GSK influenza vaccines. They had selected this vaccine in advance of the study.

Participants

People who receive a seasonal influenza vaccine, in each age group defined in EMA interim guidance: 6 months to 5 years, 6–12 years, 13–17 years, 18–65 years and >65 years.

Outcome measures

The primary outcome measure is the rate of AEIs occurring within 7 days postvaccination, using passive surveillance of general practitioner (GP) EHR systems enhanced by a card-based ADR reporting system. Extracted data will be presented overall by brand (Fluarix Tetra vs others), by age strata and risk groups. The secondary outcome measure is the vaccine uptake among the subjects registered in the enrolled general practices.

Ethics and dissemination

Ethical approval was granted by the Proportionate Review Sub-committee of the North East—Newcastle & North Tyneside 2 on 5 August 2016. The study received approval from the Health Research Authority on 1 September 2016. We will produce an interim analysis within 8 weeks, and an end-of-study report, which will be submitted to peer-reviewed journals.
Reduced brain volume and impaired memory in betaine homocysteineS-methyltransferase knockout mice
Authors: Prieur Emily A.K. , Pjetri Eneda , Zeisel Steven H. , Jadavji Nafisa M.
Published: July 2017

Using a mouse model, this study examined the impact of lack of betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase (BHMT) on neurological function. Bhmt−/−mice maintained on a control diet had elevated concentrations of homocysteine, reduced total brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) volume, as well as impaired reference and short-term memories. The results of this study indicate that the absence of BHMT may play a role in neurological function.
Voluntary running of defined distances reduces body adiposity and its associated inflammation in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet
Authors: Yan Lin , Sundaram Sneha , Nielsen Forrest H.
Published: July 2017

This study investigated the effect of voluntary running of defined distances on body adiposity in male C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet. Mice were assigned to 6 groups and fed a standard AIN93G diet (sedentary) or a modified high-fat AIN93G diet (sedentary; unrestricted running; or 75%, 50%, or 25% of unrestricted running) for 12 weeks. The average running distance was 8.3, 6.3, 4.2, and 2.1 km/day for the unrestricted, 75%, 50%, and 25% of unrestricted runners, respectively. Body adiposity was 46% higher in sedentary mice when fed the high-fat diet instead of the standard diet. Running decreased adiposity in mice fed the high-fat diet in a dose-dependent manner but with no significant difference between sedentary mice and those running 2.1 km/day. In sedentary mice, the high-fat instead of the standard diet increased insulin resistance, hepatic triacylglycerides, and adipose and plasma concentrations of leptin and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1). Running reduced these variables in a dose-dependent manner. Adipose adiponectin was lowest in sedentary mice fed the high-fat diet; running raised adiponectin in both adipose tissue and plasma. Running 8.3 and 6.3 km/day had the greatest, but similar, effects on the aforementioned variables. Running 2.1 km/day did not affect these variables except, when compared with sedentariness, it significantly decreased MCP-1. The findings showed that running 6.3 kg/day was optimal for reducing adiposity and associated inflammation that was increased in mice by feeding a high-fat diet. The findings suggest that voluntary running of defined distances may counteract the obesogenic effects of a high-fat diet.
Conformal Ricci collineations in LRS Bianchi type V spacetimes with perfect fluid matter
Authors: Khan Fawad , Hussain Tahir , Akhtar Sumaira Saleem
Published: July 2017

Considering the perfect fluid as a source of energy–momentum tensor, we have classified locally rotationally symmetric (LRS) Bianchi type V spacetimes according to their conformal Ricci collineations (CRCs). It is shown that the LRS Bianchi type V spacetimes with perfect fluid matter admit 9- or 15-dimensional Lie algebra of CRCs when the Ricci tensor is non-degenerate, while the group of CRCs is infinite for degenerate Ricci tensor.
Rare Λb → nl+l− decays in the relativistic quark–diquark picture
Authors: Faustov R. N. , Galkin V. O.
Published: July 2017

The form factors of the rare [Formula: see text] decays are calculated in the framework of the relativistic quark–diquark picture of baryons with the consistent account of the relativistic effects. Their momentum transfer squared dependence is determined explicitly in the whole accessible kinematical range. The decay branching fractions, forward–backward asymmetries and the fractions of longitudinally polarized dileptons are determined. The branching fraction of the rare [Formula: see text] decay are found to be [Formula: see text] and thus could be measured at the LHC. Prediction for the branching fraction of the rare radiative [Formula: see text] decay is also given.
Cellular mixing with bounded palenstrophy
Authors: Crippa Gianluca , Schulze Christian
Published: July 2017

We study the problem of optimal mixing of a passive scalar [Formula: see text] advected by an incompressible flow on the two-dimensional unit square. The scalar [Formula: see text] solves the continuity equation with a divergence-free velocity field [Formula: see text] with uniform-in-time bounds on the homogeneous Sobolev semi-norm [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. We measure the degree of mixedness of the tracer [Formula: see text] via the two different notions of mixing scale commonly used in this setting, namely the functional and the geometric mixing scales. For velocity fields with the above constraint, it is known that the decay of both mixing scales cannot be faster than exponential. Numerical simulations suggest that this exponential lower bound is in fact sharp, but so far there is no explicit analytical example which matches this result. We analyze velocity fields of [Formula: see text], which is a special localized structure often used in constructions of explicit analytical examples of mixing flows and can be viewed as a generalization of the self-similar construction by Alberti, Crippa and Mazzucato [Exponential self-similar mixing by incompressible flows, arXiv:1605.02090]. We show that for any velocity field of cellular type both mixing scales cannot decay faster than polynomially.
Quasi-Static Axial Compression of Origami Crash Boxes
Authors: Zhou C. H. , Wang B. , Luo H. Z. , Chen Y. W. , Zeng Q. H. , Zhu S. Y.
Published: July 2017

The origami crash box has been recognized as an efficient energy absorption device. In this paper, quasi-static axial compression tests and numerical simulations are carried out to investigate the energy absorption capacity of origami crash box. The complete diamond mode could be successfully triggered, which indicates that this collapse mode is insensitive to geometric imperfection when the tube is subjected to quasi-static loading. And the results confirm that axially compressed tubes with longer modules ([Formula: see text]) renders higher mean crushing force than those with short modules ([Formula: see text]). Moreover, in order to figure out the energy dissipation percentage of each region in origami crash box, the plastic deformation of shells in two representative regions is measured and analyzed by utilizing electrical measurement and noncontact optical measurement. The results reveal that about 10% of total energy is absorbed by those shells, which is large enough to affect the prediction accuracy of expressions deduced by super folding element theory.
Complex Variable Meshless Manifold Method for Transient Heat Conduction Problems
Authors: Gao Hongfen , Wei Gaofeng
Published: July 2017

On the basis of the complex variable meshless manifold method (CVMMM), the time domain is discretized using the traditional two-point difference method, and the complex variable moving least-squares (CVMLS) method is used in the spatial domain. According to the equivalent integral weak form of the governing equation, the CVMMM for transient heat conduction problem is established, and the corresponding discreted equations are derived by introducing the penalty function method to the essential boundary conditions. The numerical examples show that compared with the meshless manifold method (MMM), the CVMMM for transient heat conduction problem has the advantages of high precision and less calculation. This proposed method is a new numerical calculation method which has great development potential.
Numerical Analysis on Usability of SHPB to Characterize Dynamic Stress–Strain Relation of Metal Foam
Authors: Xie Beixin , Tang Liqun , Liu Yiping , Jiang Zhenyu , Liu Zejia
Published: July 2017

Split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) technique is the most important test method to characterize dynamic stress–strain relations of various materials at different strain rates, and this technique requires uniform deformation of specimen during the experiment. However, some studies in recent years have found obvious deformation localization within metal foam specimens in SHPB tests, which may significantly affect the reliability of the results. Usability of SHPB to characterize dynamic stress–strain relation of metal foam becomes doubtful. In this paper, based on experimental verification, we carried out numerical simulative SHPB tests to study the problem, in which the metal foam specimens were modeled to have 3D meso structures with properties of their matrix material. Numerical simulative SHPB tests of aluminum foam specimens with varying thickness at different strain rates were performed. Deformation distribution in each local region of the specimen was examined and a concept of “effective specimen” was presented. Appropriate specimen thickness and range of testing strain rate were suggested based on quantitative analysis. Finally, we recommended a method how to revise the nominal strain and strain rate measured by traditional SHPB method to acquire the reliable dynamic stress–strain relation.
Spanier–Whitehead K-duality for C∗-algebras
Authors: Kaminker Jerome , Schochet Claude L.
Published: July 2017

Classical Spanier–Whitehead duality was introduced for the stable homotopy category of finite CW complexes. Here we provide a comprehensive treatment of a noncommutative version, termed Spanier–Whitehead [Formula: see text]-duality, which is defined on the category of [Formula: see text]-algebras whose [Formula: see text]-theory is finitely generated and that satisfy the UCT, with morphisms the [Formula: see text]-groups. We explore what happens when these assumptions are relaxed in various ways. In particular, we consider the relationship between Paschke duality and Spanier–Whitehead [Formula: see text]-duality.
Almost strongly Orlicz double sequence spaces of regular matrices and their applications to statistical convergence
Authors: Raj Kuldip , Choudhary Anu , Sharma Charu
Published: July 2017

In this paper, we introduce and study some strongly almost convergent double sequence spaces by Riesz mean associated with four-dimensional bounded regular matrix and a Musielak–Orlicz function over [Formula: see text]-normed spaces. We make an effort to study some topological and algebraic properties of these sequence spaces. We also study some inclusion relations between the spaces. Finally, we establish some relation between weighted lacunary statistical sequence spaces and Riesz lacunary almost statistical convergent sequence spaces over [Formula: see text]-normed spaces.
Yum-Me
Authors: Yang Longqi , Hsieh Cheng-Kang , Yang Hongjian , Pollak John P. , Dell Nicola , Belongie Serge , Cole Curtis , Estrin Deborah
Published: July 2017

Nutrient-based meal recommendations have the potential to help individuals prevent or manage conditions such as diabetes and obesity. However, learning people’s food preferences and making recommendations that simultaneously appeal to their palate and satisfy nutritional expectations are challenging. Existing approaches either only learn high-level preferences or require a prolonged learning period. We propose
Yum-me
, a personalized nutrient-based meal recommender system designed to meet individuals’ nutritional expectations, dietary restrictions, and fine-grained food preferences. Yum-me enables a simple and accurate food preference profiling procedure via a visual quiz-based user interface and projects the learned profile into the domain of nutritionally appropriate food options to find ones that will appeal to the user. We present the design and implementation of Yum-me and further describe and evaluate two innovative contributions. The first contriution is an open source state-of-the-art food image analysis model, named
FoodDist
. We demonstrate FoodDist’s superior performance through careful benchmarking and discuss its applicability across a wide array of dietary applications. The second contribution is a novel online learning framework that learns food preference from itemwise and pairwise image comparisons. We evaluate the framework in a field study of 227 anonymous users and demonstrate that it outperforms other baselines by a significant margin. We further conducted an end-to-end validation of the feasibility and effectiveness of Yum-me through a 60-person user study, in which Yum-me improves the recommendation acceptance rate by 42.63%.
Development of Electrohydraulic Forming Process for Aluminum Sheet with Sharp Edge
Authors: Shim Ji-Yeon , Kang Bong-Yong
Published: July 2017

Electrohydraulic forming (EHF), high-velocity forming technology, can improve the formability of a workpiece. Accordingly, this process can help engineers create products with sharper edges, allowing a product’s radius of curvature to be less than 2 mm radius of curvature. As a forming process with a high-strain rate, the EHF process produces a shockwave and pressure during the discharge of an electrical spark between electrodes, leading to high-velocity impact between the workpiece and die. Therefore, the objective of this research is to develop an EHF process for forming a lightweight materials case with sharp edges. In order to do so, we employed A5052-H32, which has been widely used in the electric appliance industry. After drawing an A5052-H32 Forming Limit Diagram (FLD) via a standard limiting dome height (LDH) test, improvements to the formability via the EHF process were evaluated by comparing the strain between the LDH test and the EHF process. From results of the combined formability, it is confirmed that the formability was improved nearly twofold, and a sharp edge with less than 2 mm radius of curvature was created using the EHF process.
Planktonic Growth ofPseudomonas aeruginosaaround a Dual-Species Biofilm Supports the Growth ofFusobacterium nucleatumwithin That Biofilm
Authors: Wang James C. , Cordero Joehassin , Sun Yan , Aranke Mayank , Wolcott Randall , Colmer-Hamood Jane A. , Hamood Abdul N.
Published: July 2017

Purpose.The goal of this study was to understand the potential interaction betweenPseudomonas aeruginosaandFusobacterium nucleatumwithin the middle ear.Methods.We examined the microbiota of ear fluid and tympanostomy tubes (TTs) obtained from patients with posttympanostomy tube otorrhea. We also examined biofilms formed byP. aeruginosaandF. nucleatum, singly or together, under aerobic or anaerobic conditions.Results.While the facultative anaerobeP. aeruginosadominated the bacterial population within the ear fluid, strict anaerobes, includingF. nucleatum,dominated bacterial populations within the TTs.F. nucleatumwas able to grow under aerobic conditions only in the presence ofP. aeruginosa, whose growth reduced the level of dissolved oxygen within the broth to nearly anoxic condition within 4 h after inoculation. The presence ofP. aeruginosaallowedF. nucleatumto maintain its growth for 72 h within the dual-species biofilm but not within the planktonic growth. Visualization of the biofilms revealed coaggregation ofP. aeruginosaandF. nucleatum.Conclusion.Extrapolation of these results suggests that, within the middle ear fluid, the growth ofP. aeruginosaproduces the anaerobic conditions required for the growth ofF. nucleatum, both within effusion and within biofilms.
Diagnosis of Oral Hairy Leukoplakia: The Importance of EBV In Situ Hybridization
Authors: Martins Luana L. , Rosseto José Henrique F. , Andrade Natália Silva , Franco Juliana Bertoldi , Braz-Silva Paulo Henrique , Ortega Karem L.
Published: July 2017

Oral hairy leukoplakia (OHL) is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), which has been related to HIV infection. In situ hybridization (ISH) is the gold-standard diagnosis of OHL, but some authors believe in the possibility of performing the diagnosis based on clinical basis. The aim of this study is diagnose incipient lesions of OHL by EBV ISH of HIV-infected patients and the possible correlations with clinical characteristics of the patients. Ninety-four patients were examined and those presenting with clinical lesions compatible to OHL were submitted to biopsy prior to EBV ISH. Twenty-eight patients had lesions clinically compatible to the diagnosis of OHL, but only 20 lesions were confirmed by EBV ISH. The patients with OHL had a mean age of 41.9 years and were HIV-infected for 11.2 years, on average, including CD4 count of 504.7 cells/mm3 and log10 viral load = 1.1. Among the quantitative variables, there was a statistically significant correlation with age only (P=0.030). In conclusion, the presence of OHL in patients with HIV/AIDS results in changes in the epidemiological characteristics of the disease, and this fact allied with subtle clinical-morphological features makes clinical diagnosis very difficult. Therefore, EBV ISH is important for a definitive diagnosis of OHL.
Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Second-Line Drugs Resistance among Multidrug-ResistantMycobacterium tuberculosisIsolates in Southwest of China
Authors: Hu Y. , Xu L. , He Y. L. , Pang Y. , Lu N. , Liu J. , Shen J. , Zhu D. M. , Feng X. , Wang Y. W. , Yang C.
Published: July 2017

This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) isolates resistant to the second-line antituberculosis drugs (SLDs) and its association with resistant-related gene mutations inMycobacterium tuberculosis(M.tb) isolates from Southwest of China. There were 81 isolates resistant to at least one of the SLDs among 156 MDR-TB isolates (81/156, 51.9%). The rates of general resistance to each of the drugs were as follows: OFX (66/156, 42.3%), KAN (26/156, 16.7%), CAP (13/156, 8.3%), PTO (11/156, 7.1%), PAS (22/156, 14.1%), and AMK (20/156, 12.8%). Therefore, the most predominant pattern was resistant to OFX compared with other SLDs (P<0.001). The results of sequencing showed that 80.2% OFX-resistant MDR-TB isolates containedgyrAmutation and 88.5% KAN-resistant isolates hadrrsmutations with the most frequent mutation being A1401G. These results suggest that improper use of SLDs especially OFX is a real threat to effective MDR-TB treatment not only in China but also in the whole world. Furthermore the tuberculosis control agencies should carry out SLDs susceptibility testing and rapid screening in a broader population of TB patients immediately and the SLDs should be strictly regulated by the administration in order to maintain their efficacy to treat MDR-TB.
Tumor Proteins D52 and D54 Have Opposite Effects on the Terminal Differentiation of Chondrocytes
Authors: Ito Chihiro , Mukudai Yoshiki , Itose Masakatsu , Kato Kosuke , Motohashi Hiromi , Shimane Toshikazu , Kondo Seiji , Shirota Tatsuo
Published: July 2017

The tumor protein D (TPD) family consists of four members, TPD52, TPD53, TPD54, and TPD55. The physiological roles of these genes in normal tissues, including epidermal and mesenchymal tissues, have rarely been reported. Herein, we examined the expression of TPD52 and TPD54 genes in cartilage in vivo and in vitro and investigated their involvement in the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes in vitro. TPD52 and TPD54 were uniformly expressed in articular cartilage and trabecular bone and were scarcely expressed in the epiphyseal growth plate. In MC3T3E-1 cells, the expressions of TPD52 and TPD54 were increased in a differentiation-dependent manner. In contrast, their expressions were decreased in ATDC5 cells. In ATDC5 cells, overexpression of TPD52 decreased alkaline phosphatase (ALPase) activity, while knock-down of TPD52 showed little effect. In contrast, overexpression of TPD54 enhanced ALPase activity, Ca2+ deposition, and the expressions of type X collagen and ALPase genes, while knock-down of TPD54 reduced them. The results revealed that TPD52 inhibits and that TPD54 promotes the terminal differentiation of a chondrocyte cell line. As such, we report for the first time the important roles of TPD52 and TPD54, which work oppositely, in the terminal differentiation of chondrocytes during endochondral ossification.
Shear Strength Reduction Factor of Prestressed Hollow-Core Slab Units Based on the Reliability Approach
Authors: Cho Hae-Chang , Park Min-Kook , Ju Hyunjin , Oh Jae-Yuel , Oh Young-Hun , Kim Kang Su
Published: July 2017

This study investigated the shear design equations for prestressed hollow-core (PHC) slabs and examined the suitability of strength reduction factors based on the structural reliability theory. The reliability indexes were calculated for the shear strength equations of PHC slabs specified in several national design codes and those proposed in previous studies. In addition, the appropriate strength reduction factors for the shear strength equations to ensure the target reliability index were calculated. The results of the reliability index analysis on the ACI318-08 equation showed that the shear strengths of the members with the heights of more than 315 mm were evaluated to be excessively safe, whereas some members with low depths did not satisfy the target reliability index.
Thyroid Surgery: To Drain or Not to Drain, That Is the Problem - A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Schietroma Mario , Pessia Beatrice , Bianchi Zuleyka , De Vita Fabiola , Carlei Francesco , Guadagni Stefano , Amicucci Gianfranco , Clementi Marco
Published: July 2017

Purpose: We conducted a prospective, randomized study to evaluate the necessity of drainage after thyroid surgery. Methods: The patients (n = 215) were randomly assigned to be treated with suction drains (group 1; n = 108) or not (group 2; n = 107). Results: The postoperative pain scores were significantly lower in the non-drained group than in the drained group of patients at postoperative days 0 and at 1. Hematomas, seromas, wound infections, transient biochemical hypoparathyroidism, and transient damage of the recurrent laryngeal nerve occurred more frequently in the drained group than in the non-drained group. The mean hospital stay was significantly shorter in the non-drained group than in the drained group. Conclusions: Routine drain emplacement after thyroidectomy is unnecessary.
Behandlungen kognitiver Verzerrungen bei Psychose: Ein Überblick der aktuellen Befunde
Authors: Dietrichkeit Mona , Krieger Eva , Kolbeck Katharina , Moritz Steffen
Published: July 2017

Wahnideen sind definiert als feste Überzeugungen, die trotz gegenteiliger Evidenz beibehalten werden. Eine Vielzahl von Studien belegt, dass Verzerrungen in der Informationsverarbeitung (z.B. voreiliges Schlussfolgern) bei der Entstehung und Aufrechterhaltung der (schizophrenen) Psychose beteiligt sind. Das Metakognitive Training (MKT) bei Psychose sowie die individualisierte Metakognitive Therapie (MKT+) sind niedrigschwellige Therapieangebote, die Betroffene für verzerrte Denkstile sensibilisieren und diese korrigieren sollen, um so die psychotische Symptomatik zu reduzieren. Die bisherige Studienlage spricht für die Wirksamkeit des MKT, wenngleich bei akuten Patienten die individualisierte Version, das MKT+, vorzuziehen ist. Neben dem MKT werden 2 Therapieprogramme mit ähnlicher Zielsetzung vorgestellt, das «Reasoning Training» und das «Social Cognition and Interaction Training», ebenso wie neue Techniken, die kognitive Verzerrungen mittels virtueller Realität (VR) reduzieren. VR-basierte Interventionen können dysfunktionale kognitive Verzerrungen realitätsnah erfahrbar machen und dadurch korrektive Prozesse erleichtern. Die vorgestellten niedrigschwelligen Therapieprogramme stellen eine leicht implementierbare Möglichkeit dar, um die Versorgungslücke von Menschen mit Psychosen zu verringern. Durch den normalisierenden Ansatz können auch Patienten mit geringer Krankheitseinsicht von den Interventionen profitieren.
The Impact of Cold Spells on the Incidence of Infectious Gastroenteritis and Relapse Rates of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Retrospective Controlled Observational Study
Authors: Manser Christine N. , Kraus Andrea , Frei Thomas , Rogler Gerhard , Held Leonhard
Published: July 2017

Goals: We aimed to assess the impact of very cold days on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) flares and infectious gastroenteritis (IG). We defined a cold day using the World Meteorological definition of an ice day, which is a day with a maximum temperature below 0°C. Background: Recently, we have shown that heat waves increase the risk for IG and IBD flares. Study: We retrospectively collected data from 738 IBD and 786 IG patients admitted to the University Hospital of Zurich between 2001 and 2005 and from 506 patients with other noninfectious chronic intestinal inflammations as controls. Climate data were received by the Swiss Federal Office for Meteorology and Climatology. Results: There was no evidence for an increased risk of IBD flares (relative risk, RR = 0.99, 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.72-1.33, p = 0.94) or IG flares (RR = 1.16, 95% CI: 087-1.52, p = 0.30) on very cold days. This negative finding was confirmed in alternative formulations with lagged or cumulative (possibly lagged) effects. Conclusion: In this retrospective controlled observational study, no evidence for an increase in hospital admissions due to flares of IBD and IG during cold days was observed. This may be attributed to not relevantly altered bacterial growth conditions during cold days compared to heat waves.
First-Trimester Combined Multimarker Prospective Study for the Detection of Pregnancies at a High Risk of Developing Preeclampsia Using the Fetal Medicine Foundation-Algorithm
Authors: Guizani Meriem , Valsamis Joseph , Dutemeyer Vivien , Kang Xin , Ceccotti Vera , Khalife Joe , Duiella Silvia F. , Blavier Frederic , Faraca Alessandra , Cos Teresa , Jani Jacques C.
Published: July 2017

Objective: To evaluate the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) algorithm prospectively at 11-13 weeks' gestation in the prediction of preeclampsia (PE). Methods: Single-center prospective screening study for PE of singleton pregnancies at 11-13 weeks. The FMF algorithm takes into account maternal characteristics and biomarkers. Detection rate (DR) for a 10% false-positive rate (FPR) for delivery with preterm and term PE was estimated. Results: Between January 2011 and December 2013, of 3,239 patients available for final analysis, 36 (1.1%) subsequently developed preterm and 44 (1.4%) term PE. In combined screening by maternal factors, mean arterial pressure, uterine artery pulsatility index, and serum placental growth factor, the DR was 80.6% (95% CI 64.0-91.8) for PE at <37 weeks and 31.8% (95% CI 18.6-47.6) for PE at ≥37 weeks, at a 10% FPR. Conclusion: Our data suggest that the FMF algorithm provides effective first-trimester screening for preterm PE.
Long-Term Cortisol Concentration in Scalp Hair of Asthmatic Children Using Inhaled Corticosteroids: A Case-Control Study
Authors: Smit Maaike P. , van Leer Ed H.G. , Noppe Gerard , de Rijke Yolanda B. , Kramer van Driel Dieneke , van den Akker Erica L.T.
Published: July 2017

Introduction: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) can interfere with the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and may lead to adrenal insufficiency, resulting in a decrease of cortisol production. Cortisol levels measured in scalp hair provide a marker for long-term cortisol exposure. Data regarding hair cortisol concentration (HCC) in asthmatic children with ICS therapy are scarce. The aim of this study is to compare HCC in asthmatic children under ICS treatment with a healthy control group. Methods: We set up a case-control study measuring the cortisol concentration in scalp hair in asthmatic children (N = 80) treated with ICS and healthy controls (N = 252) aged 4–18 years. Anthropometric characteristics and hair samples from the posterior vertex were obtained. At least 5 mg of the most proximal 3 cm of hair was used for each hair sample. HCC was analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Results: HCC did not significantly differ between asthmatic children using ICS and healthy controls (p = 0.950) after adjustment for age, gender, height, body mass index, and socioeconomic status. No correlation was found between budesonide dosage and HCC levels (r = –0.031, p = 0.78). Conclusion: There was no evidence of suppression of basal cortisol production, as measured in scalp hair, in asthmatic children using ICS, compared to healthy controls. No conclusions can be drawn on the HPA-axis stress response in these children.
The Impact of Adolescent Obesity on Adult Height
Authors: Brener Avivit , Bello Rachel , Lebenthal Yael , Yackobovitch-Gavan Michal , Phillip Moshe , Shalitin Shlomit
Published: July 2017

Background: Childhood obesity is a major health concern. Excess adiposity during childhood affects growth and puberty. Our aim was to assess whether genetic adult height is compromised in adolescents with obesity. Methods: In a retrospective study of 190 obese patients followed at our Pediatric Endocrinology Institute, adult height and delta height (the difference between adult height and mid-parental height) were compared to those of 150 healthy age-matched normal-weight controls. Review of medical files yielded the relevant clinical and anthropometric data of patients, controls, and parents. Results: Of the 190 obese adolescents, 150 were morbidly obese. The median adult height of morbidly obese males was 174.3 cm, of obese males 174 cm, and of normal-weight males 176 cm (p = 0.025). Delta height of morbidly obese males was –0.5 cm, of obese males –0.8 cm, and of normal-weight males, 3 cm (p < 0.0001). The median adult height of morbidly obese females was 161.3 cm, of obese females 162.8 cm, and of normal-weight females 162 cm (p = 0.37). Delta height of morbidly obese females was –1.85 cm, of obese females –0.95 cm, and of normal-weight females 0.7 cm (p = 0.019). Impairment of potential genetic height was not associated with obesity-related comorbidities. Conclusion: Adolescents with obesity showed impairment of potential genetic adult height as compared to that of normal-weight subjects.
Free Fatty Acid Is Associated with Thrombogenicity in Cardioembolic Stroke
Authors: Seo Woo-Keun , Jung Jin-Man , Kim Ji Hyun , Koh Seong-Beom , Bang Oh Young , Oh Kyungmi
Published: July 2017

Background: Recently, the role of free fatty acids (FFAs) in thromboembolism has re-emerged in the context of cardioembolic stroke. Therefore, we attempted to determine the role of FFAs in embolic risk in various potential sources of cardioembolism (PSCE). We hypothesized that if elevated FFA levels in stroke patients are associated with thrombogenesis, then patients with a well-known high risk of embolic sources would have high FFA levels. Methods: Data collected from 2 hospital-based stroke registries were analyzed to investigate the association between FFA and PSCE. Results: A total of 2,770 acute stroke patients, including 539 with cardioembolic stroke, were selected for analysis. FFA was an independent predictor for cardioembolism (OR 2.755, 95% CI 2.221-3.417, p < 0.001). Among the PSCE, FFA levels were significantly associated with high risk of atrial fibrillation (AF), valvular heart disease, congestive heart failure with low ejection fraction, left atrial thrombus, left ventricular thrombus, left atrial smoke, and ventricular wall motion abnormality. FFA levels increased with the number of PSCE per patient without interaction with the presence of AF. Conclusions: Among acute stroke patients, FFA levels increased in groups with higher risk of cardioembolic stroke irrespective of the presence of AF. These results suggest that enhanced thrombogenicity could be the main mechanism to explain the elevated FFA levels in patients with cardioembolic stroke.
Antinociceptive Effects of Isosakuranetin in a Rat Model of Peripheral Neuropathy
Authors: Jia Shushan , Zhang Yong , Yu Jingui
Published: July 2017

Chronic pain remains a challenging clinical reality, yet currently available analgesics are insufficient to meet clinical needs. Increasing attention has been paid to bioactive compounds from natural plants, which may be efficacious against pain. This study examined the antinociceptive effects of isosakuranetin, a plant-derived transient receptor potential melastatin 3 blocker, in a rat model of peripheral neuropathy. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were first allowed to go through the chronic constriction injury surgery to develop neuropathic pain. They were then treated with isosakuranetin (1.5, 3, or 6 mg/kg) intraperitoneally and the effects on mechanical, thermal, and cold hyperalgesia were assessed using the von Frey filament test, Hargreaves' plantar test, and cold plate test, respectively. Isosakuranetin dose-dependently alleviated mechanical, thermal, and cold hyperalgesia and the antinociceptive potency was similar across the assays. In the rotarod test, isosakuranetin did not significantly affect motor performance within the doses tested, confirming the antinociceptive specificity. In summary, these findings suggest that isosakuranetin may be useful in treating neuropathic pain and deserves further investigation.
Effect of microRNA-135a on Cell Proliferation, Migration, Invasion, Apoptosis and Tumor Angiogenesis Through the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Zhou Yufei , Li Shaoxia , Li Jiangtao , Wang Dongfeng , Li Quanxing
Published: July 2017

Objective: This study explored the ability of microRNA-135a (miR-135a) to influence cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis and tumor angiogenesis through the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: NSCLC tissues and adjacent normal tissues were collected from 138 NSCLC patients. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression levels of miR-135a and IGF-1, PI3K, Akt, VEGF, bFGF and IL-8 mRNA; western blotting was used to determine the expression levels of IGF-1, PI3K and Akt protein; and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to analyze the expression levels of VEGF, bFGF and IL-8 protein. Human NSCLC cell lines (A549, H460, and H1299) and the human bronchial epithelial cell line (HBE) were selected. A549 cells were assigned to blank, negative control (NC), miR-135a mimics, miR-135a inhibitors, IGF-1 siRNA and miR-135a inhibitors + IGF-1 siRNA groups. The following were performed: an MTT assay to assess cell proliferation, a scratch test to detect cell migration, a Transwell assay to measure cell invasion, and a flow cytometry to analyze cell apoptosis. Results: The expression level of miR-135a was lower while those of IGF-1, PI3K and Akt mRNA were higher in NSCLC tissues than in the adjacent normal tissues. Dual-luciferase reporter assay indicated IGF-1 as a target of miR-135a. The in vitro results showed that compared with the blank group, cell proliferation, migration and invasion were suppressed, mRNA and protein levels of IGF-1, PI3K, Akt, VEGF, bFGF and IL-8 were reduced, and cell apoptosis was enhanced in the miR-135a mimics and IGF-1 siRNA groups. Compared with the IGF-1 siRNA group, cells in the miR-135a inhibitors + IGF-1 siRNA group demonstrated increased cell proliferation, migration and invasion, elevated mRNA and protein levels of IGF-1, PI3K, Akt, VEGF, bFGF and IL-8 and reduced cell apoptosis. Conclusion: These findings indicated that miR-135a promotes cell apoptosis and inhibits cell proliferation, migration, invasion and tumor angiogenesis by targeting IGF-1 gene through the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in NSCLC.
A presença infantil e o lugar do espectador em práticas cênicas com crianças: os alcances da crise da representação nas infâncias cubanas
Authors: Leyva Luvel Garcia
Published: July 2017

Os estudos sobre a presença infantil na cena e o lugar do espectadorcriança no contexto cubano vêm encarando grandes desafios a partirdos impactos da chamada crise da representação. Esse é um fenômeno que manifesta a tensão presente no modelo de representação da Primeira Modernidade que instaurou as equivalências entre o representante e o representado, trazendo para as culturas infantis uma alteraçãoradical do simbólico, situando as crianças cubanas num entrelugar. Nessesentido, o artigo expõe os fenômenos que em Cuba vêm incidindo naconfiguração da presença infantil e do lugar do espectador em práticascênicas infantis, a partir do jogo, da performatividade e da teatralidade,bem como aborda as razões do poder da representação no teatro entre as crianças e os adultos.
Association of Parental Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus With Circulating Adipokines in Nonobese Nondiabetic Offspring
Authors: Zachariah Justin P. , Quiroz Rene , Enserro Danielle , Andersson Charlotte , Keaney John F. , Sullivan Lisa M. , Vasan Ramachandran S.
Published: July 2017

Background

Adipokines are implicated in the development of obesity‐related traits. We hypothesized that nonobese participants without diabetes mellitus (DM) whose parents were obese or had
DM
would have altered circulating adipokines compared with those without parental history of these conditions.

Methods and Results

Participants in the community‐based Framingham Third Generation cohort who were not obese (body mass index <30) and not diabetic with both parents in the Framingham Offspring cohort were included in this analysis (n=2034, mean age 40 years, 54% women). Circulating concentrations of fetuin A, RBP4 (retinol binding protein 4), FABP4 (fatty acid binding protein 4), leptin, LEP‐R (leptin receptor), and adiponectin were assayed. Parental
DM
was defined as occurring before age 60 years, and obesity was defined as body mass index ≥30 before age 60 years. General estimating equations were used to compare concentrations of adipokines among participants with 0, 1, or 2 parents affected by obesity or
DM
(separate analyses for each), adjusting for known correlates of adipokines. Overall, 44% had at least 1 parent who was obese and 15% had parents with
DM
. Parental obesity was associated with higher serum levels of
FABP
4 and
LEP
‐R in their offspring (
P
=0.02 for both). Parental
DM
was associated with lower adiponectin but higher
RBP
4 concentrations in offspring (
P
≤0.02 for both).

Conclusions

In our community‐based sample, a parental history of
DM
or obesity was associated with an altered adipokine profile in nonobese nondiabetic offspring. Additional studies are warranted to evaluate whether such preclinical biomarker alterations presage future risk of disease.
African Military History: A Perspective
Authors: Laband John
Published: July 2017

African military history has only recently come into its own as an acknowledged and viable academic field of considerable variety, scope and sophistication. This study attempts to situate it in the broader context of historical writing. It is argued that African military history is the product of several converging and overlapping fields of history, each with its own trajectory and characteristic source base. These are War Studies including both the traditional or “old” military history along with the “new military history” which has been gaining traction since the 1980s, imperial history, and African history itself. The suggestion is made that two related elements of the new military history are particularly pertinent to the military history of Africa: military culture and masculinity.
A dichotomous key to the genera of the Marine Heterotardigrades (Tardigrada)
Authors: FONTOURA PAULO , BARTELS PAUL J. , JØRGENSEN ASLAK , KRISTENSEN REINHARDT MØBJERG , HANSEN JESPER GULDBERG
Published: July 2017

This is an identification guide to the 47 currently described genera of marine heterotardigrades. We provide clear definitions and illustrations of relevant anatomy and an easy to use dichotomous key. The aim of the present contribution is to enable more people to identify collected specimens of marine heterotardigrades, and hopefully, encourage more people to study this intriguing group of animals. The paper is divided into three parts. The first part gives a brief introduction to heterotardigrade morphology with special emphasis on taxonomically important characters. The second part is the actual key, which is accompanied by illustrations of both habitus and detailed foot morphology of the marine heterotardigrade genera. The third part provides up to date diagnoses of the orders, families, subfamilies and genera of marine heterotardigrades according to the most recent emendments. With the generic diagnoses, we provide a bibliography with selected literature that relates to each specific genus.
First description of the male of the eyeless spider Draconarius tortus Chen, Zhu & Kim 2008 from China (Araneae: Agelenidae: Coelotinae)
Authors: JIANG XUAN-KONG , GUO XUAN , YU ZHI-GANG , CHEN HUI-MING
Published: July 2017

Spiders of the subfamily Coelotinae prefer moist and dark places, such as cliffs, logs, stones, bark, leaf litter, corners, holes and crevices of buildings as well as caves (Wang 2002). As for species inhabiting caves, the majority are troglophilic and trogloxenic, but few ones being troglobitic (Liu & Li 2009). Five cave-dwelling eyeless members have been described up to date, all known only from females. Coelotes troglocaecus Shimojanal & Nishihira, 2000 was recorded from Okinawa Island, Japan, and four others from China: Draconarius yosiianus (Nishikawa 1999) from Guangxi Province; D. tortus Chen, Zhu & Kim 2008, D. proximus Chen, Zhu & Kim 2008 and D. digituliscaput Chen, Zhu & Kim 2008 from Guizhou Province (Nishikawa 1999, Chen et al. 2008).
Family, generic and species synonymies of recently published taxa of ghost shrimps (Decapoda, Axiidea, Eucalliacidae and Ctenochelidae): cautionary tales
Authors: POORE GARY C. B. , DWORSCHAK PETER C.
Published: July 2017

Re-examination of the holotype of Calliaxiopsis madagassa Sakai & Türkay, 2014 has led to the conclusion that the genus is a synonym of Calliaxina Ngoc-Ho, 2003 and the species is a senior synonym (by 6 months) of Calliaxina thomassini Ngoc-Ho, 2014, now Calliaxina madagassa (Sakai & Türkay, 2014). Both are from Madagascar. Comparison of the holotype of Tosacallianassa hatasagaensis Sakai, 2016 with several published figures of Ctenocheles balssi Kishinouye, 1926 has similarly found their genera and species synonymous. Further, the family Tosacallianassidae is synonymous with Ctenochelidae Mannning & Felder, 1991. Both species are from the same limited area in Japan. The nephropid species Thaumastochelopsis plantei Burukovsky, 2005 is transferred to Ctenocheles.
Remarks on Oriental species of Allophrys Förster described by A. Reshchikov (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Tersilochinae)
Authors: KHALAIM ANDREY I. , BELOKOBYLSKIJ SERGEY A.
Published: July 2017

Two species of the genus Allophrys Förster were recently described from Oriental region by A. Reshchikov with co-authors (Yue et al. 2017). According to its original description and photographs, A. falcatus Reshchikov from the Philippines actually is a distinct member of the family Braconidae, and we transfer this species preliminarily to the genus Microctonus Wesmael (comb. nov.) of the subfamily Euphorinae. Another species, A. cantonensis Reshchikov & Yue from South China, was described on basis of a single male, and its further identification is expected to be problematic until its female discovered and described.
The advertisement call of Dendropsophus novaisi (Bokermann, 1968) (Anura: Hylidae: Dendropsophinae)
Authors: PROTÁZIO ARIELSON DOS SANTOS , PROTÁZIO AIRAN DOS SANTOS , CONCEIÇÃO LENNISE COSTA , BRAGA HUGO SANTOS NERI , SANTOS UILTON GÓES DOS , RIBEIRO ANDRÉ CAETITÉ , SOUZA ISANA CARLA AMORIM
Published: July 2017

Dendropsophus novaisi (Bokermann,1968) was described from Maracás Municipality, State of Bahia, Brazil. Since its description, the species has been reported for one additional location in the State of Minas Gerais (Pedra Azul - Gomes & Peixoto 1996; Peixoto & Pimenta 2004) and five additional locations in Bahia (Boa Nova, Jequié, Jeremoabo, Camacan and Pau Brasil - Gomes & Peixoto 1996; Santos-Silva et al. 2012; Silva et al. 2013; Dias et al. 2014). However, information is still scarce about reproductive, ecological and acoustic characteristics of this treefrog. Here, we describe the advertisement call of D. novaisi and provide the geographic record of a new population.