bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An optimal hybrid quadcopter control technique with MPC-based backstepping
Authors: Nwafor Solomon C. , Eneh Joy N. , Ndefo Mmasom I. , Ugbe Oluchi C. , Ugwu Henry I. , Ani Ozoemena
Published: March 2024

Quadcopter unmanned aerial vehicle is a multivariable, coupled, unstable, and underactuated system with inherent nonlinearity. It is gaining popularity in various applications and has been the subject of numerous research studies. However, modelling and controlling a quadcopter to follow a trajectory is a challenging issue for which there is no unique solution. This study proposes an optimal hybrid quadcopter control with MPC-based backstepping control for following a reference trajectory. The outer-loop controller (backstepping controller) regulates the quadcopter’s position, whereas the inner-loop controller (Model Predictive Control) regulates its attitude. The translational and rotational dynamics of the quadcopter are analyzed utilizing the Newton-Euler method. After that, the backstepping controller (BC) is created, which is a recurrent control method according to Lyapunov’s theory that utilizes a genetic algorithm (GA) to choose the controller parameters automatically. In order to apply a linear control technique in the presence of nonlinearities in the quadcopter dynamics, Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) Model Predictive Control (MPC) structure is developed. Simulation validated the dynamic performance of the proposed optimal hybrid MPC-based backstepping controller of the quadcopter in following a given reference trajectory. The simulations demonstrate the fact that using a command control input in trajectory tracking, the proposed control algorithm offers suitable tracking over the assigned position references with maximum appropriate tracking errors of 0.1 m for the �� and �� positions and 0.15 m for the �� position.
A spherical fuzzy correlation coefficient based on statistical viewpoint with its applications in classification and bidirectional approximate reasoning
Authors: Ganie Abdul Haseeb , Dutta Debashis
Published: March 2024

Spherical fuzzy sets are more powerful in modelling the uncertain situations than picture fuzzy sets, fermatean fuzzy sets, Pythagorean fuzzy sets, intuitionistic fuzzy sets, and fuzzy sets. In this paper, we first define the variance and covariance of spherical fuzzy sets. Then, using variance and covariance, we define the unique spherical fuzzy set correlation metric in line with the statistical coefficient of correlation. Two spherical fuzzy sets are correlated in both direction and strength using the provided measure of correlation. We discussed its many characteristics. We compared the measure of correlation with the current ones through linguistic variables. We established its validity by showing its application in bidirectional approximate reasoning. We also resolve a pattern identification issue in the spherical fuzzy environment using the provided correlation function, and we compare the results with several current measurements.
Caster Car – underactuated ground vehicle with caster wheels
Authors: Korczak Sebastian
Published: March 2024

This paper presents a new type of underactuated ground mobile robot called Caster Car. The platform consists of a front-driven and steered wheel and two uncontrolled rear caster wheels. The Caster Car model presented can be an interesting alternative for mobile robots that connects dynamic properties of hovercrafts and classical 4-wheeled cars. Underactuated properties of the Caster Car cause that classical proportional-derivative feedback control give the ability to affect only selected configuration variables. Three mathematical models of the Caster Car are proposed: a dynamic model with free-moving casters, a dynamic model with blocked casters, and a simplified hovercraft description. Models were tested during tracking tasks with demanding trajectory using selective and full-state control. This full state control was based on the computed torque technique with the pseudoinverse operation and proportional-derivative feedback. It gives the ability to suppress unstable behaviors of uncontrolled orientation but in cost of overall effect (higher position errors).
Fostering sustainable entrepreneurial intention: the role of institutional factors
Authors: Koe Wei-Loon , Nordin Noorain Mohd , Othman Rozana
Published: March 2024

Sustainable entrepreneurship (SE) is crucial in achieving the 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs). However, many micro-, small- and medium enterprises (MSMEs) in Malaysia are still considered conventional businesses; therefore, it is necessary to transform them into sustainable enterprises. The initial step is to build up their intention towards SE. However, studies pertaining to SE intention are still considered low. Therefore, this study examined the influence of institutional factors on SE intention among Malaysian MSMEs. The institutional model was employed in identifying the influencing factors, namely governmental actions, social norms, and time orientation. A quantitative research method was employed. The sample was selected using proportionate stratified sampling. A total of 342 owner-managers of manufacturing MSMEs were surveyed using an online self-administered questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed through partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The results revealed that governmental actions, social norms, and time orientation were significant in influencing SE intention positively. It could be concluded that components in the institutional model should not be neglected in fostering SE intention. This study shed light on the applicability of institutional theory in studying SE intention and pointed out the crucial factors that should be taken into consideration when encouraging MSMEs to embark on SE.
Psychological harassment at work in Hungary and Slovakia
Authors: Bencsik Andrea , Poór József , Juhász Tímea
Published: March 2024

Bullying, harassment, and sexual harassment in the workplace are not new issues; they have always existed in various forms. Recent studies have highlighted their impacts on workers and their well-being at work. However, the perception of these problems differ across the United States, Europe, and Asia. These differences are reflected not only in terms of sensitivities, workplace policies, and relevant laws, but also in the language/vocabulary used to designate the same. Psychological harassment is a bitter issue for many who are affected by it. Unfortunately, it remains a less popular topic in academic research. This may be due to the sensitivity associated with the topic, the possible shame and value judgements of those involved, and the myriad cultural differences that complicate its perceptions. This study deals with the characteristics of psychological harassment in workplaces across Hungary and Slovakia. It addresses the following questions: How are the sources of psychological bullying perceived in the two countries, how do victims tolerate the abuse they are subjected to, and what factors influence the same. The study also examines whether the company’s tools for combating psychological bullying in the workplace have an impact on an employee’s decision to leave the organization as a result of mobbing. It conducted quantitative surveys involving 500 Hungarian and 108 Slovakian employees. The results were analyzed by the authors using SPSS version 28 with univariate and multivariate statistical methods. Frequency analysis, ANOVA, T- test and factor analysis, among others, were performed. The results show that the perception of the sources of psychological bullying and the tolerance of the related phenomena depend on a number of personal factors. However, the tools that firms use to deal with mobbing do not necessarily play a determining role in an employee’s decision to leave their workplace following psychological harassment.
The workload of the interventional cardiology centers in Romania: a 2022 overview and 2014 - 2022 trends
Authors: Predescu Lucian M. , Udroiu Cristian A.
Published: March 2024

This article provides data on the workload of the interventional cardiology centers of Romania during 2022. Members from all interventional cardiology centers of Romania were requested to fill out a standard form about the total number of various procedures performed during 2022. The report highlights the total number of coronary interventions, peripheral interventions, and interventions for structural heart diseases that were performed in 2022 in Romania. A comparison of the workload of the interventional cardiology centers of Romania between 2014 to 2022 was done.
Traditional Administrative Leadership in Rantau Bais Sub-District, Rokan Hilir, Riau, Indonesia
Authors: Latip  , Ramli Zuliskandar , Musa Mohd. Faizal
Published: March 2024

Purpose: This research examines the role and dynamics of traditional administrative leadership in Rantau Bais Sub-District, Rokan Hilir, Riau, Indonesia. The objective of this research is to analyze the traditional administrative leadership of the Penghulu in Rantau Bais Sub-District.
 
Theoretical framework: In the context of globalization and the rapid modernization process, the role of the village chief (Penghulu) as a traditional leader becomes increasingly crucial to understand.
 
Methods: A qualitative approach is employed, involving in-depth interviews and participatory observation to gain profound insights from the Penghulu and community members.
 
Results and Conclusion: The findings of this research provide a better understanding of how traditional leadership in Rantau Bais Sub-District adapts to the changing times, addresses administrative challenges, and plays a key role in local development. The results of this research are expected to contribute theoretically and practically to our understanding of traditional leadership in the rapidly changing local context.
 
Research implications: The implications of these research findings can serve as a foundation for developing policies that support community empowerment, preserve traditional values, and foster adaptive leadership development in Rantau Bais Sub-District and similar communities throughout Indonesia.
 
Originality/value:  The analysis also found the emergence of a new trait in the village chief’s leadership emphasized in the previous trait theory, namely, “Justice,” which manifests in community development issues.
Yaşlanan erkekte androlojik problemler
Authors: Sezgin Veysel , Baran Caner
Published: March 2024

Aging is an inevitable process that brings about biological, physiological, psychological, and social changes throughout every stage of human life, with no known possibility of reversal. This process affects an individual’s life from birth to death. Socioeconomic and medical advancements have significantly increased life expectancy worldwide. In our country, the average age rose from 28.3 years in 2007 to 33.5 years in 2022, indicating a clear trend toward an aging society. With the growing elderly population, the field of andrology encounters diseases and risks associated with aging with increasing frequency. Advancing age in men can lead to a decline in testosterone levels, which can cause various physical and mental changes. These changes can include decreased sexual desire, erection problems, and declining sperm quality. The purpose of this compilation is to summarize the effects of aging on andrological diseases in light of current scientific literature. Keywords: aged, erectile dysfunction, infertility, refractory period
Metabolik sendrom ve erkek infertilitesi
Authors: Ateş Arzu , Özsoy Çağatay , Tuzcu Ayça
Published: March 2024

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents a cluster of conditions that have a negative impact on human health overall. Its prevalence has been rapidly increasing worldwide and has coincided with a global decrease in birth rates and fertility potential. This review aims to address this observation through studying the relationship between MetS and male reproductive health. The effects of obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance on male fertility were examined and supporting evidence explaining the pathophysiology of sperm dysfunction with each MetS component were described. Adopting a healthy lifestyle appears to be the single most important intervention to prevent the unwanted effects of MetS on men’s health and fertility. Further studies addressing the components of MetS and their impact on male reproduction are required to enhance our understanding of the underlying pathophysiology and to propose new methods for therapeutic intervention Keywords: metabolic syndrome, obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, male infertility, sperm
Skrotumdan perianal bölgeye uzanan medyan rafe kisti: Olgu sunumu
Authors: Yalçın Kenan
Published: March 2024

Median raphe cysts are located anywhere between the external urethral canal and the anus. Cysts can occur in the parameatus, glans penis, penis shaft, scrotum, or perineum. The perianal region is a region where these lesions are extremely rare. In this article, we present a 2-year-old male patient who had a cystic lesion extending from the scrotum to the perianal region and was brought to our clinic by his family. The 5–6 cm cystic lesion was completely removed surgically. The histopathological diagnosis of the lesion was median raphe cyst. No recurrence was observed in the patient who was followed for 3 years. Keywords: median raphe cyst, scrotum, perianal, child
Effects of Gamma Ray as Oxidative Stress on Several Blood Parameters of Male Chickens
Authors: Al-Jawwady Yasir A. , Al-Dulamey Quasy Kh. , Najam Laith Ahmed
Published: March 2024

The present work aims to detect the effects of gamma ray radiation emitted from Co-60 on several blood parameters (PCV, Hb, WBCs and  RBCs) of male chickens. Also, the potential antioxidant impact of grape seeds oil exposed to cold plasma  as a protective material to lower the damage caused by gamma ray was tested for a long time and low dose rate. Healthy male chickens were used in this study which had an age range of 2 to 3 months and  a weight range of 1.5 to 2 kg. Animals were kept in plastic cages (100 x 400  x 40 cm dimensions) within  humidity and temperature preserved at limited values. Four experimental groups were included; the first was the un-exposed control. The second group was administered with a dose of grape seed extract. The third group was exposed to gamma ray radiation only. The fourth group  was administered with a dose of grape seed extract  and irradiated with  gamma  waves. Forty male chickens   were used in this work as they were parted  and administered with the selected  doses. The control group was considered as the first group that contained  10 male chicken without  being exposed to waves of  gamma rays. The next group also contained  10 male chicken irradiated with 5 Gy/lh at  interval 7 hour/day for 20 days as second group. Another group contained 10 male chicken  and  was dealt with oil of grape seed  400 mg/kg wt) with orally administered dose for 20 days as third group. The fourth group contained 10 male chicken irradiated with 5 Gy/h at interval of 7 hour/day for 20 days and dealt with orally administered dose  (400 mg/kg wt)  of grape seed oil  for the same time. Overall groups (2-4), male chicken number became 30 used for 40.60 days at 7 hours per day. The schedule of work was achieved at 5 Gy/h of radiation equivalent dose with different exposure time for (20 and 40,60 days) on male chicken and at period 7 hours daily. The grape seed extract was bought from local market in Mosul City and filters from impure, as we found significant decrease in ratio of blood factors RBCs, WBCs, Hb and PCV with increasing of exposure time. This data changes with adding antioxidant materials as (grape seed oil) were the value of blood factors ratio enhancement by increasing the time of dose of these material compared with control group. The blood factors ratio of male chickens change with exposure time, with significant decrease by increasing exposure time, however, the protective material ( grape seed oil ) reduces the change in ratio % of the some blood factors compared with control group.
Role of the Center of Mass Correction in Magnetic Form Factors for 19O and 21Na Exotic Nuclei with Different Interactions
Authors: Hawi M. H. , Dakhil Z. A. , Hameed B. S.
Published: March 2024

The transverse magnetic electron scattering form factors of 19O and 21Na exotic nuclei were studied in the plane wave Born approximation (PWBA). The shell model calculations with three sd-shell interactions, USDA, USDB, and Wildenthal, were carried out for the ground and low-lying excited states. The exact center of mass correction in the Born approximation picture through the translation-invariant shell model (TISM) was included to modify the transverse form factors. The measured magnetic dipole moments were well reproduced with the core polarization (CP) effect introduced through the effective g-factors. The occupancies percentage with respect to the valence nucleons was also calculated.
Comparing the Effect of In2O3 and Eu2O3 Impurities on the Structural and Optical Properties of Cerium Oxide
Authors: Rasheed Mustafa M. , Hasan Bushra A.
Published: March 2024

This work compares the changes in optical and structural properties of cerium oxide (CeO2) when doped with different concentrations (3%,5%,7%, and 9%) of two oxides, In2O3 and Eu2O3. X-ray diffraction and spectrophotometry were employed in the visible, ultraviolet, and near-infrared regions. The findings demonstrated that CeO2 doped with In2O3 and Eu2O3 thin films were polycrystalline and had a cubic structure. The crystal size increased from 20.5 to 32.15 when Eu2O3 doping ratio increased from 0% to 7% and then decreased to 28.46 nm at 9%. While the crystal size showed an increase from 20.5 to 21.42 nm with the increase of the In2O3 doping ratio, while the lattice constant measured for cubic CeO2 changed opposite to that. The optical measurement showed that Eu2O3 and In2O3 doped CeO2 thin films have a direct band gap with allowed transition with 3.0 eV for the undoped CeO2. The band gap energy changed in a non-regular manner with the increase of the doping ratio of both oxides. The minimum band gap energy was 1.2 eV obtained for 7% Eu2O3 doped CeO2 thin film, and the minimum band gap energy was 1.4 eV obtained for 9% In2O3 doped CeO2. These results qualify them for use as absorbers in solar cell applications.
RP-HPLC Method for Simultaneously Quantifying the Antiviral Drug Contents of Acyclovir, Amantadine, and Oseltamivir in Pharmaceutical Formulations
Authors: Ahmed Sohair Salah , Rasheed Ashraf Saad
Published: March 2024

Antibiotics treat bacterial infections, whereas antiviral drugs treat viral illnesses. Antivirals are used to treat a variety of infectious diseases, including COVID-19 and influenza. The technique of reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) provides more sensitivity and precision than other approaches, particularly spectrophotometric. This research seeks to develop a simple method for simultaneously quantifying acyclovir, amantadine, and oseltamivir in creams and capsules. The RP-HPLC method optimization and development for verifying the separation and quantification of three antiviral drugs included the investigation of the optimal buffer concentration, pH value, and acetonitrile content. On a C8 HyperClone BDS column, the RP-HPLC system with UV detection achieved separation (250 x 4.60 mm, 130A, and 5). The mixture of acetonitrile and acetate buffer as mobile phase gradient elution at a detection wavelength of 254 nm and 1 mL/min flow rate. The proposed method provided a linear range of 0.08-10.5, 0.06-4.5 and 0.02-14 μg/mL, as well as excellent validated values for LOD (0.0205, 0.0107, and 0.0083 μg/mL) and LOQ (0.0621, 0.0324 and 0.0251 μg/mL) with a coefficient of determination (r2) of the regression line of 0.9998, 0.9988, and 0.9994 for acyclovir, amantadine, and oseltamivir, respectively.
Comparing the Frequencies of 450 Mhz and 750 Mhz using GPR in Investigating Archaeological Features in (Borsippa) Site, Babylon, Iraq
Authors: Kareem Hamza A. , Abd Najah A.
Published: March 2024

Mala GX (Ground Explorer) conducted the survey using two different antennas: 450 MHz and 750 MHz. Data for the 450 MHz antenna were collected in a grid, while data for the 750 MHz antenna were collected in parallel profiles at the same location above the 450 MHz profiles. After processing the data using GPR slice software, possible reflections of archaeological walls buried at different depths and with different extensions of 13 m, 7 m, 6 m, 5m, 3 and 2 m were identified. The reflections were clear and high in the 450 MHz antenna with a depth penetration of 3 meters and unclear and weak in the 750 MHz antenna with a depth penetration of 1 meter. When comparing the two antennas, it is possible to notice a match in the reflections of the walls, and some reflections are not identical in the 750 MHz antenna due to the high noise.
On Certain Subclass of Meromorphic Multivalent Functions Associated with Fractional Calculus Operator
Authors: Hussein Sattar K. , Jassim Kassim A.
Published: March 2024

In this paper, the class of meromorphic multivalent functions of the form by using fractional differ-integral operators is introduced. We get Coefficients estimates, radii of convexity and star likeness. Also closure theorems and distortion theorem for the class ,  is calculaed.
Characterization of P-Semi Homogeneous System of Difference Equations of Three dimension
Authors: Hussein Abdul Samad Ibrahim , AL-Asadi Bassam Jabbar
Published: March 2024

The aim of this paper is to define new concepts, namely a homogenous system of difference equations x(n+1)=Bx(n)  where  B is a matrix of real numbers, which is called P-semi homogenous of order m if there exists a non-zero matrix A and integer number m such that the following equation holds: F (A(c)x(n))= 〖P(A(c))〗^m F(x(n)), Where F is a function,  m and  P are integer numbers and c is a real number. This definition is a generalization to the (3×3)-semi-homogeneous system of difference equations of order m. Special cases are studied of this definition and illustrative examples are given and some characterizations of this definition are also given. The necessary and sufficient conditions for a homogenous system of difference Equations to be P-semi homogenous of order one or greater than one as well as some examples and theorems about there are given.
A Modified Davidon-Fletcher-Powell Method for Solving Nonlinear Optimization Problems
Authors: Al-Issa Ali Joma'a , Hassan Basim A. , Moghrabi Issam A R , Sulaiman Ibrahim M.
Published: March 2024

One of the quasi-Newton update formulae, namely the Davidon-Fletcher-Powell method, is crucial for resolving nonlinear programming optimization problems. In order to achieve a Newton-like condition that depends on the function values and gradient vectors at each iteration, we construct an alternative positive-definite Hessian approximation in this study. The essential theorems are established to study algorithm convergence. The proposed approach is then tested on well-known test problems and then compared to the standard DFP method. The numerical outcomes demonstrate the effectiveness of the newly developed method.
The Simulation Technique to Estimate the Parameters of Generalized Exponential Rayleigh Model
Authors: Shalan Rehab Noori , Alkanani Iden Hassan
Published: March 2024

The paper shows how to estimate the three parameters of the generalized exponential Rayleigh distribution by utilizing the three estimation methods, namely, the moment employing estimation method (MEM), ordinary least squares estimation method (OLSEM),  and maximum entropy estimation method (MEEM). The simulation technique is used for all these estimation methods to find the parameters for the generalized exponential Rayleigh distribution. In order to find the best method, we use the mean squares error criterion. Finally, in order to extract the experimental results, one of object oriented programming languages visual basic. net was used
Single Stage Shrinkage Estimation Methods for Reliability Function of Generalized Exponential Distribution Using Simulation
Authors: Ahmed Isaam Kamel , Taha Taha Anwar , Salman Abbas Najim
Published: March 2024

The reliability in stress–strength model (s–s) is estimated in this article when the system has parallel and series components subject to one of the stresses and it follows generalized exponential distribution by taking via different estimation methods, namely the maximum likelihood estimation, unbiased estimation, moment estimation and shrinkage estimation. Also, the Mont Carlo method is used to compare these methods under mean squared error.
Numerical Solution of Linear Volterra Integral Equation of the Second Kind with Delay Using Lagrange Polynomials
Authors: Dhari Iman A. , Mustafa Muna M.
Published: March 2024

In this study, the linear Volterra integral problem of the second kind will be treated with delay using a Lagrange polynomial. The Volterra integral problem is solved numerically using the chosen technique to obtain the best approximation. Additionally, the test examples are provided to demonstrate, through comparison with other methods' outcomes, the great degree of accuracy of the approximative solutions. Moreover, To verify the accuracy of the calculations that is used in these test examples, the absolute error is used to compare it to the exact solution. For this method, the program is written by MATLAB R2018a language.
New Analytical and Numerical Solutions for Squeezing Flow between Parallel Plates under Slip
Authors: Shool Hassan Raheem , Al-Jaberi Ahmed K. , Jasim Abeer Majeed
Published: March 2024

In this article, the effects of physical flow parameters on squeezed fluid between parallel plates are explored through the Darcy porous channel when fluid is moving as a result of the upper plate being squeezed towards the stretchable lower plate, such as velocity slip, thermal slip, solutal slip, thermal stratification parameter, solutal stratification parameter, squeezing number, Darcy number, Prandtl number, and Schmidt number. The governing equations are transformed into a nonlinear ordinary differential equation using the appropriate similarity transformations. The resulting equations are solved by using the perturbation iteration method (PIT) to produce a convergent analytical solution with high accuracy. The phenomena of the squeezing fluid as the plates are moving apart and when they are coming together are illustrated using the resulting analytical solutions. Plots are used to discuss the significant effects of physical parameters on velocity, temperature, and fluid concentration profiles. The skin friction coefficient and Nusselt Sherwood values have graphical interpretations that are listed. For strong velocity slip parameters, the results demonstrate the existence of a minimum velocity profile close to the plate and a growing velocity profile distant from the plate. Additionally, as the slip effects rise, the fluid temperature and concentration both considerably drop. The results of the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method (RK4M)  and the presented analytical solutions provided are in excellent agreement.
Predicting Real Estate Prices Using Machine Learning in Abu Dhabi
Authors: Al Marzooqi Fatima Isameel , Redouane Abdesselam
Published: March 2024

Traditionally, real estate prices were determined based on demand and supply. As the real estate market was  unregulated and underdeveloped, brokers and real estate builders had an upper hand in determining the unit prices of residential houses in Abu Dhabi. A pricing gap was eventually noticed. This was a challenge. There is a delay in updating the real estate websites and portal information. Therefore, the need for accurate forecasting of prices has become urgent. With a variety of use case scenarios for machine learning concepts, this paper is dedicated to using the concepts of machine learning to predict the real estate prices of Aldar in the Abu Dhabi region, which comprises 511 residential units, 15 retail shops, and one community center. Decision tree, random forest, support vector machines, and K-nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithms were used to identify which one is better for forecasting these real estate prices. Comparing the generated models, the random forest is the best-performing model, followed by support vector regression, and the decision tree model is the least-performing model.
Biological versus Topological Domains in Improving the Reliability of Evolutionary-Based Protein Complex Detection Algorithms
Authors: Abdulateef Isra H. , Attea Bara'a Ali , Alzubaydi Dhia A.
Published: March 2024

By definition, the detection of protein complexes that form protein-protein interaction networks (PPINs) is an NP-hard problem. Evolutionary algorithms (EAs), as global search methods, are proven in the literature to be more successful than greedy methods in detecting protein complexes. However, the design of most of these EA-based approaches relies on the topological information of the proteins in the PPIN. Biological information, as a key resource for molecular profiles, on the other hand, acquired a little interest in the design of the components in these EA-based methods. The main aim of this paper is to redesign two operators in the EA based on the functional domain rather than the graph topological domain. The perturbation mechanism of both crossover and mutation operators is designed based on the direct gene ontology annotations and Jaccard similarity coefficients for the proteins. The results on yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae PPIN provide a useful perspective that the functional domain of the proteins, as compared with the topological domain, is more consistent with the true information reported in the Munich Information Center for Protein Sequence (MIPS) catalog. The evaluation at both complex and protein levels reveals that feeding the components of the EA with biological information will imply more accurate complex structures, whereas topological information may mislead the algorithm towards a faulty structure.
Verifying the Best Iraqi Area to Install a LOFAR Radio Telescope Using SWOT Model
Authors: Kahdim Zina Fadel , Abood Kamal M.
Published: March 2024

Many of the radio telescope's wireless sensor networks operate outdoors, where changing weather might impact their system performance. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the climatic and topographic factors that affect the quality of the radio link to mitigate its impact and adapt to different conditions. In this study, the effects of the region's topography and climate on the strength of the radio signal were studied. Besides studying the effects of the soil of the area and land flatness on determining the optimal location for erecting a radio telescope in Iraq within four governorates (Nineveh, AL-Anbar, Al-Najaf, and Al-Muthanna). Data from relevant ministries and a digital map dataset for the area's topography with dimensions of 4 km x 6 km were used. The obtained results, via applying the SWOT model, showed that the best Iraqi area for erecting a radio telescope (LOFAR) among the selected regions according to the atmospheric parameters, such as air temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed, and other conditions such as transportation, the security component, number of buildings, population, and communication towers was Al- Muthanna governorate. It is considered the best radio zone for observing radio signals.
Antifungal Activity of Trichoderma orientale FMR 12486 Crude Extract against Some Human Pathogenic Fungi
Authors: Assi Sura Rasan , Al-Aaraji Alaa Mohsin
Published: March 2024

This work aimed to investigate the prevalence of pathogenic fungi and evaluate the antifungal activity of Trichoderma orientale FMR12486 crude extract against pathogenic fungi isolated from patients attending the National Center for Thoracic and Respiratory Diseases (having a history of tuberculosis) and consultant of Dermatology of Baghdad hospital, Iraq. A total of 80 clinical specimens were collected: 20 skin scrapings specimens and 60 sputum specimens. The results of direct examination by KOH 10% and culture showed that 11 (55%) cases from 20 skin specimens were positive for fungal infections, while in the sputum specimens, 28 (47%) cases from 60 were positive. Candida albicans represented the most common fungal infection isolated from sputum specimens which represented 18 cases at a rate of 64.2%, followed by Candida tropicalis 5 (17.9%), Aspergillus fumigates 2 (7.1%), Aspergillus flavus 1 (3.6%), Candida glabrata 1 (3.6%) and Candida krusei 1 (3.6%). While in the skin scrapes, Candida parapsilosis was the common which represented 3 cases at a rate of 27.3%, followed by Trichophyton mentagrophyte 2 (18.2%), Microsporium canis 2 (18.2%), C. albicans 2 (18.2%), Trichophyton rubrum 1 (9.1%), C. tropicalis 1 (9.1%). T. orientale isolates were collected from the gardens soil of the University of Baghdad and were then identified depending on the morphological feature of the colony and microscopic characteristics. To confirm identification, PCR technique was used in which DNA of T. orientale was extracted at a concentration of 54 - 294 μg/2 g wet mycelium with a purity of 1.6 - 1.8. DNA samples were amplified with primers ITS-1and ITS-4, And the results confirmed that the isolate was T. orientale strain FMR12486. This isolate was processed with ethyl acetate using a standard extraction method and the final amount of crude extract being 6 grams. Different concentrations of crude extract 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 mg/ml were prepared and used against fungal pathogens isolated using the agar-well diffusion method. The results showed high antifungal activity against pathogenic isolates, significantly recording maximum inhibition zones of 20 and 22 mm against C. parapsilosis at concentrations of 0.5 and 1 mg/ml, respectively. It was followed by T. mentagrophyte and C. glabrata. 16, 20, and 16, 20 mm that were recorded at concentrations of 2 and 4mg/ml, a significant maximum inhibition zone was recorded 26 mm against C. glabrata, followed by C. parapsilosis, M. canis and T. mentagrophyte (24, 26; 16, 24 and 20, 24mm respectively). Just Trichophyton rubrum fungus in this study showed resistance to all concentrations of the crude extract where the inhibition zone was zero. The results of the current study showed that T. orientale strain FMR12486 crude extract can be used to make an effective drug to treat human fungal infections.
Phytochemical analysis and antioxidant potential of Pseudolachnostylis maprouneifolia
Authors: Singh Indra Sen , Kwalyambumu Derrick Sitali
Published: March 2024

Pseudolachnostylis maproneifolia is a popular medicinal plant, particularly revered in the eastern province of Zambia, especially within Petauke District. Despite its widespread application in traditional medicine, the chemical composition of this plant has not been studied so far. Consequently, there was a pressing need to investigate the medicinal potential of its leaf extract. This study was carried out through preliminary phytochemical screening and GC-MS analysis of the ethanolic extract. The phytochemical profile revealed various secondary metabolites endowed with antifungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-cancer, antibacterial, antiviral, and antioxidative properties. To quantify its medicinal potential, the total flavonoid content (TFC) and total phenolic content (TPC) was determined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The methanolic extract exhibited a TFC of 157.20 mg QE/g and a TPC of 63.75 mg GAE/g, with an IC50 value of 45.57 μg/mL, signifying a strong antioxidant capability. Notably, the IC50 value of the standard (ascorbic acid) was 23.19 μg/mL. Further analysis involved quantifying the mineral elements crucial for treating anemia, such as iron, copper, zinc, and manganese. AAS based analysis revealed concentrations of these elements to be relatively higher, indicating their suitability for treating anemia. Complementing these findings, in silico molecular analysis and ADMET analysis of five selected phytochemicals, along with a reference cancer drug, yielded promising results such as a highest binding energy of -9.01 Kcal/mol, high gastrointestinal absorption and the lowest inhibition constant of 249.88 nM. These outcomes strongly advocate for subsequent in vitro and in vivo studies on these molecules, supporting their importance as potential drug candidates for cancer drug development.
Políticas linguísticas por meio dos processos de formação das novas palavras do povo apyãwa
Authors: Tapirapé Waraxowo'i Mauricio
Published: March 2024

Neste trabalho eu pretendo apresentar o resultado dos processos de formação de novas palavras na língua materna do povo Apyãwa, que vive no município de Confresa, no extremo nordeste do estado de Mato Grosso, com o objetivo de fortalecer o uso de nossa língua na oralidade e nas escritas. Outro objetivo é analisar criticamente as situações de uso de algumas palavras do portuguesa, os quais ocupam os espaço da língua materna nas falas do dia a dia das pessoas na comunidade. E por meio do desenvolvimento sustentável da nossa política linguística dentro da aldeia, junto com a comunidade, nós como o povo Apyãwa/Tapirapé, sempre buscamos um meio de ensino para lutar pela qualidade da educação. Os métodos que utilizamos nas oficinas, ou nos seminários, são: discutir as criações de novas palavras entre os professores, socializar a criação de novas palavras com a comunidade; ensinar os conhecimentos na sala de aula, avaliar a situação de uso da língua em relação aos processos de formação de novas palavras, observar; pesquisar, incentivar o uso das novas palavras; contribuir e compartilhar a responsabilidade de trabalhar o uso da nossa língua materna na escola e na comunidade. Como resultados, esperamos envolver todo o povo Apyãwa nas atividades, defendendo a vida da nossa língua, pois essa política linguística foi aceita pela comunidade Apyãwa com muito sucesso na oralidade e na escrita para fortalecer o uso da nossa língua materna, evitando o da língua portuguesa na comunidade.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ПЕНТАОКСИДА ТАНТАЛА В ПЭО-ПОКРЫТИЯХ НА МАГНИЕВОМ СПЛАВЕ МА8 НА ИХ ЭЛЕКТРОХИМИЧЕСКИЕ СВОЙСТВА И СПОСОБНОСТЬ К ОБРАЗОВАНИЮ АПАТИТОВ В УСЛОВИЯХ IN VITRO
Authors: Имшинецкий И.М. , Кашепа В.В. , Надараиа К.В. , Машталяр Д.В. , Синебрюхов С.Л. , Гнеденков С.В.
Published: March 2024

В работе представлены результаты исследования влияния концентрации пентаоксида тантала в покрытиях, полученных методом плазменного электролитического оксидирования (ПЭО), на их электрохимические свойства и изучена способность данных покрытий к образованию апатитов в условиях in vitro. Согласно результатам анализа электрохимического поведения покрытий в растворе, имитирующем плазму крови человека по минеральному составу (SBF-растворе), модуль импеданса Ta2O5-содержащих ПЭО-покрытий, в среднем более чем на 2 порядка выше по сравнению с модулем импеданса сплава МА8 без покрытия. Введение в состав электролита наночастиц Ta2O5и увеличение содержания пентаоксида тантала в составе ПЭО-покрытий приводит к снижению их защитных свойств, по сравнению с базовым ПЭО-слоем. Установлено, что первые кластеры апатитов появляются на поверхности ПЭО-покрытия уже после 1 дня выдержки в SBF-растворе. Через 28 дней ПЭО-покрытие полностью покрывается слоем апатитов с пластинчатой морфологией. На 21 сутки выдержки Ta2O5-содержащего ПЭО-покрытия в SBF-растворе концентрация ионов Ca2+ в растворе стабилизируется, что обусловлено достижением равновесия окружающего раствора с образовавшимся слоем апатитов.
КОНСТАНТЫ ДИССОЦИАЦИИ КВЕРЦЕТИНА. КРИВЫЕ ТИТРОВАНИЯ
Authors: Мамылов С.Г. , Ломовский И.О. , Ломовский О.И.
Published: March 2024

Флавоноид кверцетинявляется природным полифенольным антиоксидантом. Перспективным способом увеличения растворимости и биологической активности кверцетина является проведение его твердофазной механохимической реакции с твердыми щелочами. Некоторые свойства кверцетина ярче проявляются в жидкой среде, в водных растворах. Структурная формула кверцетина показывает наличие пяти гидроксильных групп, способных диссоциировать с образованием аниона. Для кверцетина чаще рассматривается только одна ступень диссоциации. Величина приводимых значений константы диссоциации находится в диапазоне pK1=5-9. Исследование диссоциации кверцетина осложнено заметным окислением с ростом рН раствора. Предлагается проводить титрование в атмосфере инертного газа. В работе представлены результаты рН-метрического титрования кверцетина щелочью в водно-спиртовом растворе. На основании моделей диссоциации одно-, двух- и трехосновной слабых кислот проводился анализ кривых титрования кверцетина. Разработана компьютерная программа анализа кривых, отклонения экспериментальных результатов титрования от модельных расчетов обрабатывались по МНК. Лучшим образом кривая титрования описывается моделью двухосновной слабой кислоты. Определены константы диссоциации для этой модели: рК1=8,64, рК2=11,09 Значение рК1 удовлетворительно согласуется с литературными данными. При титровании в водной среде кислоты с рК>12 не определяются. Поэтому вопрос об остальных константах диссоциации остается открытым. Проведен анализ начального участка кривой титрования по ее второй производной. В зависимости от знака второй производной меняется форма кривой титрования на начальном участке, что позволяет грубо оценить первую константу диссоциации и сравнить с получаемыми результатами вычислений. Подход позволяет критически оценивать литературные данные.
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ И СВОЙСТВ ТИТАНОВОГО СПЛАВА В ИЗДЕЛИЯХ, ИЗГОТОВЛЕННЫХ С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ СВЕРХПЛАСТИЧЕСКОЙ ДЕФОРМАЦИИ
Authors: Лутфуллин Р.Я.
Published: March 2024

Использование сверхпластической деформации (СПД) позволяет технологически успешно решать проблемы формообразования при изготовлении изделий сложного профиля, в частности, полых конструкций. Успешность изготовления деталей определяется не только высокой точностью воспроизведения геометрической формы, но и достижением заданных механических свойств материала в готовом изделии. Свойства титановых сплавов определяются не только структурой, но и химическим составом. Особенностью СПД является ускоренный рост зерен за счет существенной активизации диффузионных процессов по границам зерен, выравнивание зерен по размеру, сохранение их равноосности, повышение однородности распределения легирующих элементов внутри зерен и фаз, размытие кристаллографической структуры. Между тем, не только структура, но и химическая композиция сплава непрерывно эволюционируют в процессе его технологической обработки. Для ответственных авиационных деталей вопрос локальной или общей загрязненности титанового сплава легкими элементами, такими как азот, углерод, кислород, водород, может оказаться критичным с точки зрения достижения необходимого качества. В этой связи пути гарантированного обеспечения высокого качества деталей, полученных с использованием сверхпластичности (СП) связаны в первую очередь предотвращением загрязненности титанового сплава указанными вредными примесями. Такими путями являются – снижение температуры СПД за счет использования ультрамелкозернистых (УМЗ) исходных заготовок, а также существенное сокращение длительности нахождения титанового сплава при повышенных температурах на всех технологических этапах с обязательным применением защитной атмосферы или вакуума.
الكفايات التدريسية والإنسانية اللازمة لهيئة تدريس التربية الدامجة من وجهة نظر المديرين والأسر بسلك التعليم الابتدائي بالمديرية الإقليمية لإنزكان أيت ملول
Authors: عبوا علي أيت
Published: March 2024

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التحقق من الكفاءات المهنية اللازمة للمربين المشاركين في التعليم الابتدائي المتضمن، من وجهة نظر مديري المؤسسات التعليمية المتضمنة وأسر الطلاب. تعتمد الدراسة منهجية وصفية تحليلية، مركزة على الكفاءات المهنية، والتعليم المتضمن، والتعليم الابتدائي، والمؤسسات التعليمية المتكاملة. يتألف العينة من مدراء المدارس وأسر الطلاب ذوي الإعاقة الذهنية، المُختارين بطريقة عشوائية منتقاة. تشمل جمع البيانات استطلاعات ومقابلات، مع تحليل باستخدام برنامج SPSS. تشير النتائج إلى مستويات عالية من الكفاءة المحسوسة بين أعضاء هيئة التدريس، حسب تقارير المديرين، في حين تعتبر الأسر مستويات الكفاءة متوسطة. ومع ذلك، يُدرك كل من الجانبين درجة عالية من ممارسة التعليم المتضمن بين أعضاء هيئة التدريس. لم يتم العثور على فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية استنادًا إلى سنوات العمل في التكامل أو التأهيل العلمي. تشمل التوصيات تكثيف التدريب المستمر لأعضاء هيئة التدريس واستكشاف مواضيع إضافية لتعزيز المهارات المهنية في التعليم المتكامل على المستوى الابتدائي.
درجة توافر أبعاد المنظمة المتعلمة في ضوء نموذج سينج (Senge) لدى مدارس التعليم العام بمحافظة بيشة- السعودية
Authors: المعاوي ريم محمد , الغامدي حنان حسن
Published: March 2024

هدف البحث الحالي للتعرّف على درجة توافر أبعاد نموذج سينج (Senge) في المجالات التالية (التمكن الشخصي، النماذج العقلية، الرؤية المشتركة، التفكير النظمي، العمل الجماعي كفريق) من وجهة نظر مديرات مدارس التعليم العام، والكشف عما إذا كانت هناك فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين أفراد مجتمع البحث حول درجة توافر أبعاد نموذج سينج (Senge) تبعاً لمتغيرات البحث (الجنس، المؤهل العلمي، المرحلة الدراسية، سنوات الخدمة)، ولتحقيق أهداف البحث استخدمت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي المسحي، وتمثل مجتمع البحث في جميع مديرات المرحلتين المتوسطة والثانوية للبنين والبنات بمكتب تعليم الوسط بمحافظة بيشة، وعددهم (105) قائدا وقائدة، في حين تمثلت عينة الدراسة في (81) قائد وقائدة، وتوصلت الدراسة لعدة نتائج، من أبرزها: 1- مستوى توافر أبعاد المنظمة المتعلمة في ضوء نموذج سينج لدى مدارس التعليم العام بدرجة عالية جداً، ومتوسط حسابي قيمته (4.21)، وجاءت الأبعاد مرتبة كالتالي: في المرتبة الأولى بُعد النماذج العقلية بمتوسط حسابي وقيمته (4.24) ودرجة توافر عالية جداً، تلاه بُعد التعلم الجماعي كفريق حيث حصل على متوسط حسابي قيمته (4.22) ودرجة توافر عالية جداً، تلاه كل من بعد الرؤية المشتركة وبعد التفكير النظمي حيث حصل كل منهما على متوسط حسابي قيمته (4.2) ودرجة توافر عالية جداً، في حين حصل بعد التمكن الشخصي على متوسط حسابي قيمته (4.16) ودرجة توافر عالية.2- وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين استجابات عينة الدراسة فيما يخص مستوى توافر أبعاد المنظمة المتعلمة في ضوء نموذج سينج لدى مدارس التعليم العام تعزى إلى متغير الجنس، أو المؤهل العلمي، أو المرحلة الدراسية، أو سنوات الخبرة.
Related Strategies and Practices of News Institutions in Dealing with News Text Addressing Issues of Islamists (Study Case: BBC World and Al-Arabiya 2022)
Authors: Alrashid Hind Saad
Published: March 2024

This study aimed at identifying news institutions' translation methods and practices to show effect translation practices and policies influence news text output addressing the Islamist discourse. An ethnographic approach is used of conducts a comparative fieldwork analysis and textual analysis of news reports collected between the BBC and Al Arabia media institutions, where it explores the practices and news institutions' translation methods of translation agents in the two news platforms; the English and the Arabic.  Results of the study show that the translation strategies and practices of News Institutions in dealing with the texts related to Islamist discourse mainly are deletion, omission, addition, direct quotation, and indirect speech reporting. This study describes the translation strategies and practices of News Institutions in dealing with the texts related to Islamist discourse reveals that strategies used; do not follow one language direction route in their application in the reports or one pattern. The study shows that the translation practices are relate to text selection, news input and the agents. The study concludes by suggesting that an increased awareness of these issues would assist News Institutions to make more effective used of the translation strategies and practices in their new reports related to Islamist discourse.