bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
دور إدارة المعرفة في تحقيق البراعة التنظيمية - دراسة ميدانية على الإدارة العامة للتعليم بمحافظة جدة –
Authors: المحمادي أمجاد رجا الله , القرشي سوزان محمد
Published: June 2022

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى معرفة دور إدارة المعرفة بأبعادها (توليد المعرفة، تخزين المعرفة، توزيع المعرفة، تطبيق المعرفة) في تحقيق البراعة التنظيمية ببعديها (الاستغلال، الاستكشاف) بالإدارة العامة للتعليم بمحافظ جدة، وتمثلت مشكلة الدراسة في السؤال: ما دور إدارة المعرفة في تحقيق البراعة التنظيمية في الإدارة العامة للتعليم بمحافظة جدة؟ وللدراسة أهمية نظرية حيث تساهم في إثراء المعرفة من خلال تحديد العلاقة بين إدارة المعرفة والبراعة التنظيمية وتتمثل أهميتها التطبيقية       في مساهمة نتائجها وتوصياتها في الارتقاء بالإدارة وجعلها بارعة من خلال الاهتمام بإدارة المعرفة وتوظيفها بالشكل الأمثل، ووضعت الفرضيات اعتمادًا على دراسة أثر أبعاد إدارة المعرفة في تحقيق البراعة التنظيمية عند مستوى دلالة إحصائية (0.05≥α)، وإيجاد ال فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين استجابات أفراد العينة حول تطبيق إدارة المعرفة والبراعة التنظيمية تُعزى لمتغيراتهم الشخصية والوظيفية، وقد تم اعتماد المنهج الوصفي التحليلي لتحقيق أهداف هذه الدراسة، واستخدام الاستبانة والمقابلات معًا كأدوات لجمع البيانات، وتكون مجتمع الدراسة من جميع موظفي الإدارات والبالغ عددهم بـ (1114) وتم أخذ عينة عشوائية بسيطة بلغ عددها (286) موظفًا وموظفة، وأُجريت المقابلات مع (29) من موظفي الإدارة، وبعد معالجة البيانات احصائيًا توصلت الدراسة إلى عدة نتائج، من أهمها: وجود أثر ذو دلالة إحصائية عند مستوى (0.05≥α) لأبعاد إدارة المعرفة(توليد المعرفة، تخزين المعرفة، تطبيق المعرفة) في تحقيق البراعة التنظيمية في الإدارة العامة للتعليم بمحافظة جدة، وقدمت الدراسة عدة توصيات، أهمها: تعزيز الممارسات المساهمة في توليد المعرفة واكتسابها، إنشاء وحدات تنظيمية خاصة بأنشطة الاستغلال والاستكشاف مع تحديد طرق العمل وممارساتها الإدارية وتدريب شاغليها وصقل مهاراتهم.
دور السياسة الشرعية في معالجة النواقص الثلاث؛ الحرية والمعرفة والتمكين الواردة بتقرير التنمية الإنسانية 2002
Authors: عامودي فاطمة جميل
Published: June 2022

التنمية الإنسانية هي أحد الأهداف التي تسعي إليها سياسات الدولة الحديثة، وهذا يتفق مع إطار الشرع في جعل التنمية الإنسانية هي أحد مقاصد الشارع الحكيم من إيجاد الخلق وقيامهم بالعمران الأصلح على الأرض. تعتمد التنمية الإنسانية لقيامها على ثلاثة مرتكزات وهي: الحرية، المعرفة، التمكين. ويؤدي غياب هذه الثلاثة إلى وقوع المجتمع في أزمات نتيجة لتولد نواقضها المعوِّقة للعملية التنموية وبالتالي تخلّف المجتمع عن مواكبة تطورات العالم الخارجي. عمد البحث من خلال المنهج العلمي القائم على الجمع والتحليل لنصوص القرآن، والسنة النبوية، وبالمنهج الاستنباطي التوصل إلى أهم وسائل مقاومة الشريعة الإسلامية لهذه النواقص على اعتبار أنها حاجات ضرورية لنماء الأفراد القائمين على تنمية المجتمع. قررت الشريعة الإسلامية أن التنمية الإنسانية مصلحة ضرورية تحقق مقصدا شرعيا، فوضعت مناهج علمية وعملية مقتبسة من المنهج الرباني الوارد في القصص القرآني، ومن المنهج النبوي الوارد في السنة النبوية لإصلاح الخلل الناتج عنها، قام بتطبيقها الصحابة الكرام فرأوا أثرها في واقع حياتهم، وهي دعوة صريحة للأخذ بها وتفعيلها في مختلف العصور عبر إعداد المراكز الخاصة بتنمية القدرات الإنسانية وفق تعاليم الشريعة الإسلامية.
النزعة الاستهلاكية السلبية للطالبات في كلية الاقتصاد المنزلي بجامعة الملك خالد وعلاقتها بدراسة تخصص الاقتصاد المنزلي
Authors: علي عبير عبده محمد
Published: June 2022

هدف البحث إلى دراسة العلاقة بين النزعة الاستهلاكية السلبية لشباب الجامعة ودراسة مجالات تخصص الاقتصاد المنزلي، لذا أجريت هذه الدراسة على عينة عددها (60) طالبة من كلية الاقتصاد المنزلي وأخذت العينة بطريقة صدفية غرضية واستغرقت الفصل الدراسي الثاني لعام 1441 هـ وكانت أدوات الدراسة وجمع البيانات متمثلة في استمارة البيانات العامة للطالبة، واستبانة عن معلومات ومعارف طالبة الاقتصاد المنزلي عن مجالات الاقتصاد المنزلي (تغذية – ملابس – سكن)، واستبانة لقياس النزعة الاستهلاكية السلبية لشباب الجامعة، ومن أهم النتائج وجود علاقة ارتباطيه موجبة بين كلٍّ من النزعة الاستهلاكية السلبية ككل بمحاورها ودراسة مجالات الاقتصاد المنزلي. كما توجد فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين كل من النزعة الاستهلاكية السلبية لشباب الجامعة ودراسة مجالات الاقتصاد المنزلي تبعاً لاختلاف المستوى التعليمي للوالدين (إلام- الأب). وكانت أهم التوصيات ضرورة توافر قدر من التعليم الاقتصادي، لأنه يلعب دورًا في تشكيل السلوك الاقتصادي والادخاري للشباب (المعرفة الاقتصادية).
الأنا في شعر المتنبي - دراسة لنماذج مختارة -
Authors: اليماحي شيماء سالم
Published: June 2022

تركز الدراسة على حضور الأنا في قصائد المتنبي، من خلال ما يحمله هذا المصطلح من أبعاد نفسية واجتماعية وسيكولوجية، والأسباب التي جعلت هذا المصطلح حاضرا جليا متكررا في أكثر قصائد المتنبي وفي مختلف الأغراض التي تناولها. وسنحاول من خلال المنهج التحليلي الوصفي تفسير حضور الأنا بالطريقة اللافتة التي جعلت من النقاد والدارسين يتهافتون على دراسة نتاجه الأدبي والمؤثرات التي أثرت في شخصيته وانعكست على قصائده التي أخذت شهرة واسعة لا نستطيع أن نغض الطرف عنها، وسنقوم بتحليل بعض أبياتا شعرية مختارة تجلى فيها حضور الأنا بشكل واضح، وتفسير أسباب حضورها نفسيا واجتماعيا وسيكولوجيا.
فاعلية برنامج تدريبي لتنمية المهارات اللغوية والتواصل الاجتماعي لدى الأطفال ذوي الإعاقة العقلية القابلين للتعلُّم
Authors: المتحمي درر يحيى , المتحمي يحيى خضر
Published: June 2022

هدفت هذه الدراسة إلى التعرّف على فاعلية برنامج تدريبي لتنمية المهارات اللغوية والتواصل الاجتماعي للأطفال ذوي الإعاقة العقلية القابلين للتعلُّم لدى عينة من الأطفال ذوي الإعاقة العقلية القابلين للتعلُّم بمحافظة القنفذة، وتكونت عينة الدراسة من (10) أطفال من الأطفال ذوي الإعاقة العقلية القابلين للتعلم تراوحت أعمارهم بين (4-6) سنوات. واستخدم الباحثان المنهج الكمي شبه التجريبي وتمثلت الأداة في مقياس المهارات اللغوية ومقياس التواصل الاجتماعي لدى ذوي الإعاقة العقلية القابلين للتعلم، وتم التطبيق على مدار3 شهور بواقع 3 أيام في الأسبوع، وقد أظهرت نتائج الدراسة وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطي رتب درجات أطفال المجموعة التجريبية في القياسين القبلي والبعدي لتطبيق البرنامج على مقياس المهارات اللغوية، وقياس التواصل الاجتماعي لصالح القياس البعدي، وعدم وجود فروق ذات دلالة إحصائية بين متوسطي رتب درجات أطفال المجموعة التجريبية في القياسين البعدي والتتبعي لتطبيق البرنامج على مقياس المهارات اللغوية ومقياس التواصل الاجتماعي.
الحدود القانونية للتجارب العلمية على الإنسان في القانون السوداني (دراسة مقارنة)
Authors: إدريس فضل يوسف
Published: June 2022

هدف البحث إلى التعريف بمفهوم التجارب العلمية في الاتفاقيات الدولية، والوقوف على مدى التنظيم القانوني لها وقيود إجرائها في القانون السوداني، استخدمت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي من خلال الرجوع إلى المعلومات في مصادرها المختلفة وأحياناً المنهج المقارن في تحليل ووصف أحكام التجارب العلمية في الاتفاقيات الدولية والقانون السوداني. تكمن مشكلة الدراسة في ما الضوابط والقيود التي تحكم مشروعية التجارب غير العلاجية على جسم الإنسان ومدى كفايتها في التشريع السوداني. خلصت الدراسة إلى عدد من النتائج من أهمها: عدم وجود قانون ينظم إجراء التجارب العلمية بصورة شاملة بشكل يحمي الشخص الخاضع للتجربة، باستثناء بعض النصوص المنظمة للتجارب الدوائية التي وردت في قانون الأدوية والسموم لسنة 2009، كما أن دستور السودان لم يحظر إجراء التجارب العلمية؛ بل شجع عليها. وأوصى الباحث بحتمية تدخل المشرع السوداني بتنظيم التجارب العلمية في تشريع خاص على هدى ما وصلت إليه الاتفاقيات الدولية لحسم الخلاف حول هذا الموضوع مستقبلاً، ووضع ضوابط وقيود صارمة تكفل الاحترام اللازم لأخلاقيات التجارب الطبية يستصحب المستجدات التي طرأت في العلوم الطبية، وأخيراً بناء قاعدة معلومات قومية تتولى حصر التجارب العلمية وتقييم نتائجها لإحداث التطوير المستمر في هذه القوانين في ضوء هذه النتائج.
The Role of Social Media in Activating the Extracurricular Activities of the Ninth Grade English language from the Teachers’ Point of View in Jordan
Authors: Attoun Nour Ali Mousa , Al-Jadiri Adnan
Published: June 2022

This study aimed to identify the role of social media in activating the extra- curricular activities of ninth grade students in English language from the teacher's point of view in Jordan. The descriptive analytical approach was adopted through a sample of (45) male and (83) female teachers. The study tool consisted of (40) items, and the validity was verified by presenting it to a panel of arbitrators. The reliability coefficient was extracted and it reached (0.75) for each Test – Re test internal consistency reliability. The statistical analysis process reached the following results: There is a role for social media in activating extracurricular activities in the English language for the ninth grade from the point of view of teachers in Jordan. It was also found that the items that received a high level amounted to (33) items, as for the items that received medium level, there were (7) items. The study recommended the necessity for activating the extracurricular activities so that it is invested within the time of classes of all kinds and goes outside the time allocated for the class to achieve integration in education.
Content Analysis of English 101&102 Courses, Scientific Section at the Faculty of Education, Sana’a University
Authors: Almuslimi Fazee Khalid Alezi
Published: June 2022

The present study aimed to evaluate English 101 and 102 textbooks of the Scientific Section at Faculty of Education, Sana’a University in order to 1) see the extent to which they correspond to the objectives prescribed in the courses descriptions by the curriculum designers in the Faculty of Education, Sana’a University and 2) check the suitability of the textbooks based on the standards of a comprehensive well- designed EFL textbook from the points highlighted in the data instrument. This study was a quantitative descriptive study. To achieve these objectives, a ready- made checklist instrument was adopted for measurement. The sample was 101 and 102 textbooks. To attain the data objectively, the checklist was handed to 10 raters including the researcher. Then, data was analyzed statistically using SPSS has been used to analyze the data. The findings of the checklist data analysis revealed that the textbooks are in correspondence with the objectives of the faculty. It is also found that the overall judgment for the textbooks is estimated as Good. The study recommended that certain modifications has to be taken into account to remedy such shortcomings.
Social Factors and Warning Signs of Suicide in Adolescents
Authors: Gripshi Zyhra
Published: June 2022

In focus of this paper is the analysis of political culture in Albania towards EU integration processes. To give as much of an inclusive a picture as possible, the recent views and positions of three categories of political communication have been addressed: political elites, the media and the public. Topics include issues such as the orientation and support of the country's European integration, attitudes towards the required reforms and obstacles and difficulties encountered in this process, attitudes towards EU co-operation and assistance regarding the consequences of the earthquake of 2019, the situation created by COVID 19 pandemic, etc. An in-depth analysis focused on some of the most important factors within each category, such as: opportunism, political use of this process, common features and differences in attitudes within political elites; the role and attitudes of the media; public perception, issues related to measuring public opinion, etc. This article briefly deals with the relationship and mutual influence between the aforementioned categories, especially between political actors and the media.
Optimizing Project Management using Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Prifti Valma
Published: June 2022

This study focuses on identifying the weakest points of project management and the possibility of where artificial intelligence can help precisely in their optimization. The results were taken from a survey where project managers of various categories were asked about the main challenges facing management today and the points where artificial intelligence can be seen as a optimization tool. In this decade, artificial intelligence (AI) has undoubtedly been one of the most influential technologies. AI has changed the way people live and work, and project management is no exception. There is always controversy about the use of AI technology. In this paper first is explained the need for companies to use AI technology and after considering the advantages and risks of AI. Also using project management based on machine learning is the optimal option. Some proposals for the implementation of AI in project management are presented. The study describes how AI systems can support project managers to become more efficient in their work.
Managing Workplace Anxiety during the Pandemic: A Pilot Study of Natural Imagery through 4K Video and Virtual Reality
Authors: Pillay Srini , Candela Patrick , Christensen Erik
Published: June 2022

Background: Workplace anxiety has become an increasing priority to address. To date, professional interventions that address workplace anxiety involve medications or talk-therapy, yet the response to these modalities is limited or partial. As a result, there is room for other modalities of care.

Aim: In this pilot study, we examined whether imagery of nature delivered through 4K Video or virtual reality (VR) headsets could be safe and feasible when administered in a workplace setting. We also examined whether they could reduce anxiety and worry.

Methods: Sixteen employees at a large health insurance company were recruited to participate in the study. All participants completed “pre” and “post” surveys that measured worry or state-anxiety before and after viewing the video or VR interventions respectively. They were instructed to use the interventions at least once a day, three times a week over a two-week period.

Results: Overall, the Reulay nature-based interventions were safe and feasible. In addition, there were strong signals of efficacy in reducing anxiety and worry for the 4K Video and virtual reality interventions. In certain instances, VR was superior to the 4K Video.

Conclusion: Nature-based imagery may be a useful intervention to reduce anxiety in the workplace if it is delivered using 4K video or VR headsets. Further studies in larger samples are needed to confirm these findings.
Fragility of Built Urban Objects to Vicious Attacks: Assessment by Means of Limited Data on Abnormal Violent Actions
Authors: Vaidogas Egidijus Rytas
Published: June 2022

An assessment of fragility of objects built (constructed) in urban environment to deliberately imposed abnormal actions (loads) is considered. The actions under analysis are explosions, vehicular impacts and fires that can be imposed by acts of terrorism and sabotage as well as such highly random events as car crashes into structures due to unintentional roadway departures. The fragility is assessed by means of mathematical models known as fragility functions and developed for vulnerable building and transportation structures, protective barriers, and energy supply facilities. The result of fragility assessment is the probability of the damage that can be foreseen and modelled by means of mathematical models used for structural analysis. The case is studied where information on an abnormal action can be expressed in the form of a small-size statistical sample with components acquired in post-mortem investigations of attacks or unintentional accidents. The basic idea is an application of the statistical (bootstrap) resampling for the estimation the damage probability. The resampling procedure is applied to values of the fragility function that can be developed for the damage caused by the abnormal action in question. The values of the fragility function are estimated for components of the small-size sample of abnormal action values. The resampling of the fragility function values yields a conservative estimate of the damage probability expressed by the limit of a one-sided confidence interval. The estimate of the damage probability can be applied to making decisions concerning the level of resilience of vulnerable urban objects.
The Culture of Political Communication in Albania in the Process of Integration to the European Union
Authors: Ligori Lorenc
Published: June 2022

In focus of this paper is the analysis of political culture in Albania towards EU integration processes. To give as much of an inclusive a picture as possible, the recent views and positions of three categories of political communication have been addressed: political elites, the media and the public. Topics include issues such as the orientation and support of the country's European integration, attitudes towards the required reforms and obstacles and difficulties encountered in this process, attitudes towards EU co-operation and assistance regarding the consequences of the earthquake of 2019, the situation created by COVID 19 pandemic, etc. An in-depth analysis focused on some of the most important factors within each category, such as: opportunism, political use of this process, common features and differences in attitudes within political elites; the role and attitudes of the media; public perception, issues related to measuring public opinion, etc. This article briefly deals with the relationship and mutual influence between the aforementioned categories, especially between political actors and the media.
Atroposelective Total Synthesis of Darobactin A
Authors: Lin You-Chen , Schneider Fabian , Eberle Kelly , Chiodi Debora , Nakamura Hugh , Reisberg Solomon , Chen Jason , saito masato , baran phil
Published: June 2022

A concise, modular synthesis of the novel antibiotic darobactin A is disclosed. The synthesis successfully forges the hallmark strained macrocyclic ring systems in a sequential fashion. Key transformations include two atroposelective Larock-macrocylizations, one of which proceeds with exquisite regioselectivity despite bearing an unprotected alkyne. The synthesis is designed with medicinal chemistry considerations in mind, appending key portions of the molecule at a late-stage. Requisite unnatural amino acid building blocks are easily prepared in enantiopure form using C–H activation and decarboxylative cross-coupling tactics.
On the black hole effect in bilinear curve resolution based on least squares
Authors: Vitale Raffaele , Ruckebusch Cyril
Published: June 2022

Least squares-based estimations lay behind most chemometric methodologies. Their properties, though, have been extensively studied mainly in the domain of regression, in relation to which the effect of well-known deleterious factors (like object leverage or data distributions deviating from ideal conditions) on the accuracy of the prediction of an external response variable have been thoroughly assessed. Conversely, much less attention has been paid to what these factors might yield in alternative scenarios, where least squares approaches are still utilised, yet the objectives of data modelling may be very different. As an example, one can think of multivariate curve resolution (MCR) problems which are usually addressed by means of Multivariate Curve Resolution-Alternating Least Squares (MCR-ALS). In this respect, this article wants to offer a perspective on the basic principles of MCR-ALS from the regression point of view. In particular, the following critical aspects will be highlighted: in certain situations, i) if the number of analysed data points is too large, the leverage of those that may be essential for a MCR-ALS resolution might become too low for guaranteeing its correctness and ii) in order to overcome this black hole effect and improve the accuracy of the MCR-ALS output, data pruning - i.e., the reduction of the amount of observations of the investigated datasets - can be exploited. More in detail, this communication will provide a practical illustration of such aspects in the field of hyperspectral imaging where even single experimental runs may lead to the generation of massive amounts of spectral recordings.
Automated Device for Multi-Stage Paper-Based Assays Enabled by an Electroosmotic Pumping Valve
Authors: Rofman Baruch , Naddaf Rawi , Bar-Dolev Maya , Avi-Gefen Tal , Ben-Assa Nadav , Geva-Zatorsky Naama , Bercovici Moran
Published: June 2022

This work presents the use of electroosmotic flow generation in porous media in combination with a hydrophobic air gap to create a controllable valve capable of operating in either finite dosing or continuous flow mode, enabling the implementation of multi-step biochemical assays on paper-based devices. A hierarchical superhydrophobic surface placed between two paper pads creates an air gap, keeping the valve nominally closed. To open the valve, a pair of electrodes are activated to generate electroosmotic pressure that overcomes the barrier. The study provides an experimentally validated model describing the governing parameters, and a detailed investigation of the closed valve stability. From these, a straightforward design for a compact and fully automated device is derived. The design is based on paper pads placed on printed circuit boards (PCB), equipped with heating and actuation electrodes and additional power and logic capabilities. The device is applied to the detection of SARS-CoV-2 sequences directly from raw saliva samples, using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) requiring sample lysis followed by enzymatic deactivation and sample distribution to multiple amplification pads. Since PCB costs scale favorably with mass production, we believe that this approach could lead to low-cost diagnostic devices with the sensitivity of amplification methods.
Cobalt Homeostatic Catalysis for Coupling of Enaminones and Oxadiazolones to Quinazolinones
Authors: Wu Weiping , Fan Shuaixin , Wu Xuan , Fang Lili , Zhu Jin
Published: June 2022

Transition metal catalysis has revolutionized modern synthetic chemistry for its diverse modes of coordination reactivity. However, this versatility in reactivity is also the predominant cause of catalyst deactivation, a persisting issue that can significantly compromise its synthetic value. Homeostatic catalysis, a catalytic process that can sustain its productive catalytic cycle even when chemically disturbed, is proposed herein as an effective tactic to address the challenge. In particular, a cobalt homeostatic catalysis process has been developed for water-tolerant coupling of enaminones and oxadiazolones to quinazolinones. Dynamic covalent bonding serves as a mechanistic handle for preferred buffering of water onto enaminone and reverse exchange back by released secondary amine, thus securing reversible entry into cobalt dormant and active states for productive catalysis. Through this homeostatic catalysis mode, a broad structural scope has been achieved for quinazolinones, enabling further elaboration into distinct pharmaceutically active agents.
Benditas redes sociales: análisis de la campaña en Twitter de los candidatos a la presidencia de México en el 2018
Authors: Sánchez-Nuevo Lucía Alejandra , Guerrero-Martínez Manuel Alejandro , Silva Carrasco Beatriz Constanza
Published: June 2022

El objetivo de esta investigación es estudiar la estrategia comunicativa en Twitter de @lopezobrador_, @RicardoAnayaC y @JoseAMeadeK, candidatos a la presidencia de México en el 2018. Se analiza el contenido de los mensajes en los tuits —copies y artes, hashtags, menciones y vínculos— de los candidatos. Además, se estudia el alcance —medido en número de comentarios, retuits, me gusta y reproducciones— entre los usuarios. Andrés Manuel López Obrador (AMLO) hizo una personalización de su campaña, su contenido generó el mayor sentimiento positivo. Ricardo Anaya Cortés (RAC) y José Antonio Meade Kuribreña (JAMK) atacaron al puntero; sus contenidos tuvieron menor engagement.
Proyecto de inversión de mantenimiento, renovación y modernización del material rodante del Sistema de Transporte Colectivo (STC) Metro
Authors: Sosa Castro Miriam
Published: June 2022

El presente artículo formula un proyecto de inversión en mantenimiento, renovación y modernización del material rodante del Sistema de Transporte Colectivo (STC) Metro. El desarrollo de la investigación responde al problema creciente de precariedad, mala calidad e insuficiencia del transporte público en la Zona Metropolitana del Valle de México. Los resultados demuestran que la realización del proyecto tendría beneficios sociales: reducción de costos generalizados de viaje, disminución de tiempos de traslado para los pasajeros del transporte público, menores costos de mantenimiento, disminución de emisiones contaminantes y reducción de riesgo catastrófico. Mientras que, en términos económico-financieros, el valor del VPN sería positivo, la relación beneficio/costo estaría por encima de 6. La realización de este tipo de proyectos cobra especial relevancia en el contexto actual en el que recientemente se han presentado eventos catastróficos en la Línea 12 del STC.
Improvement of PVC compound plasticizer extraction process
Authors: Pérez Arteaga Julia Guadalupe , Díaz Martínez Marco Antonio , Román Salinas Reina Verónica
Published: June 2022

The Soxhlet method in extracting plasticizers from PVC compounds presents various areas for improvement, such as the amount of solvent used, the time required in the process, and its costs. This study proposes replacing the Soxhlet method with the ultrasound-assisted method to reduce the time, costs, and amount of solvent used in plasticizer extraction. It also proposes using solvent recovered from previous extrac­tions to reduce costs further. The study involved experimentation with three different grades of PVC compounds (medical, cable, and profile) to compare the recovery of plas­ticizers by the Soxhlet and the ultrasound-assisted methods. The plasticizers obtained were analyzed using gas chromatography, gas chromatography coupled with mass spec­troscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy to evaluate the results of each extraction method as compared to reference compounds and determine any possible interference. The proposed method yields 96 % of plasticizer extraction, a decrease from 360 to 60 minutes in the extraction process, and a decrease from 150 to 100 ml in solvent use. Complemented by the use of recovered solvent, the proposed method reduces costs from 93,000.00 to 15,000.00 Mexican pesos.
Progression of neurosyphilis in a patient with HIV-infection. Case report
Authors: Kuznetsov Denis V. , Kudryavtseva Lyudmila E. , Korsunskaya Irina M.
Published: June 2022

In recent years, the incidence of syphilis, including neurosyphilis, has been increasing worldwide. In our practice, we have noticed an increase in the number of patients who were not examined for the specific pathologies associated with syphilis in timely manner. Given the variety of clinical manifestations of syphilis and the change in the course of the disease associated with HIV-infection, we described the observation of a patient with rapidly progressing (up to the development of a gummous form) neurosyphilis. The clinical case is intended to drag the attention of specialists to necessity to inform patients about the possible consequences of their disease and importance of thorough diagnosis by related specialists.
REKABETİN DEĞİŞEN DOĞASI: PARADOKSAL BİR İLİŞKİ OLARAK REKABERLİK
Authors: BAYRAMOĞLU Gökben
Published: June 2022

Rekaberlik, değer yaratmak amacıyla işletmelerin aynı anda hem rekabet etmeleri hem de işbirliği yapmaları olarak tanımlanabilmektedir. Rekabet ve işbirliği kavramlarının birbirleriyle çelişkili olmasından dolayı rekaberlik ilişkisi, doğası gereği paradoksal bir nitelik taşımaktadır. Bu yeni rekabet ilişkisinde rakipler ne "dost" ne de "düşman" olarak tanımlanamaz. Rekaberlik stratejisi, özellikle Ar-Ge ve yeni ürün geliştirme faaliyetlerinin yoğun olduğu teknoloji temelli sektörlerde çok etkili sonuçlar vermekle birlikte, paradoksal yapısı nedeniyle sürdürülmesi çok zor ve istikrarsız bir ilişkidir. Rekaberlik ilişkisinde birlikte iş yapma ve rakibin önemli iş sırlarını öğreneceğinden korkma gibi hem olumlu hem de olumsuz duygular aynı anda yaşanır ve bu durum yöneticilerin çatışan talepler arasında sıkışıp kalmış gibi hissetmelerine neden olur. Eğer ortaklar bu gerilimi yönetecek becerilere sahip değilse, rekaberlik tam bir kaybet/kaybet durumuna dönüşebilir. Diğer bir deyişle, rekaberliğin başarısı “paradoksal gerilimin” yönetilmesine bağlıdır. Uluslararası literatürde rekaberlik stratejisine olan ilgi her geçen gün artmakla birlikte, ulusal literatürdeki çalışmaların henüz emekleme aşamasında olduğu söylenebilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, işletmelerin rekaberlik ilişkisine dâhil olma sürecini, bu ilişkinin getirilerini ve katılımcı işletmeler arasındaki gerilimlerin yönetilmesine ilişkin stratejileri açıklamaktır. Böylelikle rekaberlik stratejisinin kavramsal alt yapısını belirli bir sistematik içerisinde ortaya koyarak stratejik yönetim yazınına katkı sağlamak amaçlanmaktadır.
Marionfyfea adventor Jones & Sluys (2016), a non-native land planarian new for Belgium (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Geoplanidae)
Authors: Soors Jan , Mees Jan , Sevrin Damien , Van den Neucker Tom
Published: June 2022

A short note doesn't have an abstract.
Single Leg Bridge Test is Not a Valid Clinical Tool to Assess Maximum Hamstring Strength
Authors: Gasparin Gabriela Bissani , Ribeiro-Alvares João Breno Araujo , Baroni Bruno Manfredini
Published: June 2022

Background

The single leg bridge test (SLBT) has been introduced in the sports context as a way of estimating hamstring muscle capacity for prevention and rehabilitation of hamstring strain injuries.

Purpose

The primary aim was to examine the association between SLBT scores with concentric and eccentric knee flexor peak torques. Secondarily, this study aimed examine the association of between-limb asymmetries provided by SLBT and isokinetic tests.

Study design

Cross-sectional study.

Methods

One hundred male soccer players (20±3 years) performed the SLBT and the knee flexion-extension isokinetic dynamometry evaluation (60°/s) billaterally during a single visit. SLBT score (i.e., number of repetitions until failure) and concentric and eccentric knee flexor peak torques (normalized per body mass) were considered for analysis. For both SLBT and isokinetic dynamometry, between-limb asymmetry was calculated as the percentage difference between the left limb and the right limb. Associations were assessed through Pearson’s correlation coefficient.

Results

The mean SLBT score was 33.6±9.6 repetitions, concentric peak torque was 2.00±0.22 Nm/kg, and eccentric peak torque was 2.79±0.44 Nm/kg. Between-limb asymmetry was 0.4±9.6%, 1.08±8.5%, and 1.64±14.61% in SLBT, concentric, and eccentric tests, respectively. There was a poor association of SLBT score with concentric (p<0.001, r=0.275) and eccentric (p=0.002, r=0.215) peak torques. The SLBT between-limb asymmetry was poorly associated with asymmetry found in concentric peak torque asymmetry (p=0.033, r=0.213) and was not associated with eccentric peak torque asymmetry (p=0.539, r=0.062).

Conclusion

The SLBT should not be used as a clinical tool to assess the maximum strength of hamstring muscles.

Level of Evidence

Level 3
Hip Adduction and Abduction Strength Profiles Among Bantam, High School, Juniors, and Collegiate American Ice Hockey Players
Authors: Olson Morgan L. , Schindler Gary
Published: June 2022

Background

Adductor strains are the most common non-contact musculoskeletal injury sustained in ice hockey. Systematic reviews have determined higher level of play and lower hip adduction to abduction strength ratios to be associated with an increased risk of adductor strain across multiple sports. Limited research exists regarding hip adduction and abduction strength profiles across various levels of ice hockey players.

Purpose

To compare isometric hip adduction and abduction strength profiles among bantam, high school, tier one juniors, and NCAA Division I collegiate ice hockey players. A secondary purpose was to identify whether differences in strength profiles between dominant and non-dominant limbs exist.

Study Design

Cross-sectional cohort study.

Methods

A questionnaire of demographic data, hockey, and injury specific information was completed by all subjects. The mean of three reps of maximal hip isometric adduction and abduction strengths were quantified using a handheld dynamometer with external belt-fixation. Ratios of hip adduction-to-abduction strength were calculated and normalized for body weight.

Results

A total of 87 uninjured skaters were included in this study with a mean age of 17 years. Mean hip adductor-to-abductor ratios for Bantam hockey players were 121% followed by collegiate (115%), Juniors (111%), and high school (109%) hockey players. No statistically significant differences were found between peak hip adduction and abduction isometric strength and playing level. In addition, there was no difference between unilateral hip strength ratios and shooting hand or leg dominance. While 34.5% of subjects reported a history of adductor injury, no significant differences existed regarding strength ratios during bilateral comparison or when compared to their team norms. Three subjects were found to have unilateral ratios of less than 80%, while two subjects demonstrated bilateral ratios of less than 80%.

Conclusions

Symmetry is illustrated between dominant and non-dominant legs in ice hockey players with and without a history of adductor injury. Results align well with previously established cross-sectional data from Australian football, with ratios of 103% in high school players, 107% in semi-professional players, and 113% in collegiate players.

Level of Evidence

Level 3
Can the Scapular Dyskinesis Test be Associated with Throwing Related Injuries During the Course of Collegiate Baseball Seasons?
Authors: Tsuruike Masaaki , Mukaihara Yohei , Ellenbecker Todd S.
Published: June 2022

Background

A pattern of scapular dyskinesis on the dominant side has been demonstrated to be associated with a decrease in throwing arm conditions identified by a self-report outcome assessment in collegiate baseball pitchers during the course of a single season. However, it is unclear if symptomatic shoulders in baseball pitchers may be associated with the presence of scapular dyskinesis.

Purpose

To study the relationship between the presence of scapular dyskinesis and throwing-related injury in collegiate baseball pitchers during each respective course of up to four subsequent seasons.

Methods

A single Division 1 National Collegiate Athletic Association team participated in this study over a four-year-period. The scapular dyskinesis test was implemented during the preseason for baseball pitchers. Players were followed throughout each respective season to track the incidence of throwing-related upper extremity injuries.

Results

A total of 36 collegiate baseball pitchers (height: 185.3 ± 5.6 cm, weight: 88.8 ± 7.8 kg, age: 20.0 ± 1.5 years) consisting of 57 pitcher seasons were followed in this study, in which 18 pitchers remained with the team for more than one year. Twenty-seven of the 57 pitchers were classified as having scapular dyskinesis demonstrated at around 90° of shoulder flexion on the throwing side. Five injuries (13.2% of a total of 38 injuries) were diagnosed as throwing-related shoulder injuries during the course of the intercollegiate baseball seasons. Four of the five throwing-related shoulder injuries occurred in pitchers who had scapular dyskinesis on their dominant side. Consequently, the odds ratio was 5.04 for the collegiate pitchers with scapular dyskinesis on the throwing arm side associated with a throwing-related shoulder injury compared to those with no scapular dyskinesis (p = 0.16). No relationship was identified between scapular dyskinesis on the throwing arm side and throwing-related elbow injury. Eighty-one percent of the scapular dyskinesis test results were not changed on the throwing side from the previous to the following year for those 18 pitchers who were followed for more than one season, whereas 42.9% of the results remained unchanged on the non-throwing side.

Conclusion

The results suggest that collegiate baseball pitchers with dominant arm scapular dyskinesis likely are at increased risk of throwing-related shoulder injury.

Level of evidence

Level 2, Prospective Cohort Study
Reliability and Validity of the ActivForce Digital Dynamometer in Assessing Shoulder Muscle Force across Different User Experience Levels
Authors: Karagiannopoulos Christos , Griech Sean , Leggin Brian
Published: June 2022

Background

Currently available hand-held dynamometers (HHD) offer a more objective and reliable assessment of muscle force production as compared to a manual muscle test (MMT). Yet, their clinical utility is limited due to high cost. The ActivForce (AF) digital dynamometer is a new low-cost HHD with unknown psychometric properties, and its utilization may benefit clinical practice.

Hypothesis/Purpose

This study aimed to determine the AF intra- and inter-tester reliabilities, standard error of measurement (SEM), minimal detectable change (MDC), and criterion validity for assessing shoulder isometric force as compared to the microFET2 (MF2) across testers with different experiences.

Design

Descriptive observational study.

Methods

A convenience sample of 29 healthy adults were assessed twice by each of three testers (two experienced clinicians and a novice PT student) on shoulder external rotation (ER), internal rotation (IR), and forward elevation (FE) using both the AF and MF2 devices. Tester, HHD, and shoulder motion assignment orders were randomized. All testing was performed in a standardized seated position. ER and IR were tested with the shoulder fully adducted. FE was tested at 45° at the scapular plane. All testing and rest periods between testers and tested motions were standardized and monitored via a stopwatch.

Results

Both devices had high intra- [ ER (.95-.98), IR (.97 - .99), FE (.96 - .99)] and inter-tester [ ER (.85-.96), IR (.95 - .97), FE (.88 - .95)] intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with comparable intra- (1.68-1.80) and inter-tester (2.36-2.98) SEM, and intra- (4.64-4.97) and inter-tester (6.50-8.24) MDC values across all motions. Tester experience did not affect these values. High (.89-.93) statistically significant Pearson correlations were found between HHDs for all shoulder motions.

Conclusion

Both the AF and MF2 HHDs were found to have high reliability levels across all shoulder motions regardless of tester clinical experience. The AF was also found to be valid for measuring shoulder isometric force production compared to the criterion standard device, the MF2. Its low-cost and electronic accessibility features may promote better compliance for clinicians using dynamometry to objectively assess and store muscle force data in a cost-effective manner.

Level of Evidence

3
Injury and Illness Incidence in 2017 Super Rugby Tournament: A Surveillance Study on a Single South African Team
Authors: Buchholtz Kim , Barnes Curt , Burgess Theresa L.
Published: June 2022

Background

Professional rugby presents significant injury and illness risks to players, which need to be regularly assessed to monitor the effects of interventions and competition rules changes.

Hypothesis/Purpose

The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and nature of time-loss injuries and illness during the pre-season and competition period of the 2017 Super Rugby tournament in a single South African team.

Study Design

Descriptive Epidemiology Study

Methods

Forty-five adult players were recruited from one 2017 Super Rugby South African team, with 39 included in the final data set. Daily injury and illness data were routinely collected during the season by support staff over a 28-week period (January to July 2017), based on standardized injury and illness definitions. Retrospective analyses of the data were performed.

Results

The incidence of match injuries (241.0 per 1000 player hours) was significantly higher than training injuries (3.3 per 1000 player hours). Twenty one percent of all injuries occurred during the tackle; 37.5% of all injuries were of a “moderate” severity. The proportion of players who sustained a time-loss injury was 76.9% (n=30). The overall incidence of illness was 1.8 per 1000 player days. Acute respiratory tract infection (28.6%) was the most common diagnosis, and the majority of illnesses (64.3%) did not result in time-loss.

Conclusion

This study presented a longer study period than previous research by including the pre-season training, but represented only one single team. The incidence of match injuries was significantly higher than previously reported in Super Rugby tournaments, whereas illness rates were significantly lower. Support staff in professional rugby need to be trained on the standardized Orchard System of Classifications to ensure good quality data that can be compared to other teams within the same or other sporting codes.

Level of evidence

Level 3
The Effect of Self-Myofascial Release on the Pennation Angle of the Vastus Medialis Oblique and the Vastus Lateralis in Athletic Male Individuals: An Ultrasound Investigation
Authors: Torrente Queenie Mae , Killingback Alban , Adds Philip J , Robertson Claire
Published: June 2022

Background

Maintenance of patellar stability requires a balance between the vastus medialis oblique (VMO) and the vastus lateralis (VL). The imbalance between these muscles is thought to be implicated in the etiology of patellofemoral pain (PFP). Where there is hypertrophy of the VL in PFP patients, self-myofascial release (SMR) may be utilized for its management. However, there is no current evidence regarding SMR and its effects on VMO and VL architecture. The aim of this study, therefore, was to use ultrasound to gain further understanding of the effects of a program of SMR on the fiber angles of the VMO and VL.

Hypothesis

There will be a significant decrease in the pennation angles of the VMO and VL after seven weeks of SMR using a foam roller.

Study Design

Cohort Study

Methods

Twenty-five young, athletic, male participants were recruited to use a foam roller, along the full length of both anterior thighs, three times weekly, on three separate days, for seven weeks. Ultrasound was used to determine the initial and final VMO and VL pennation angles on both limbs. One eligible participant was chosen as an intra-rater control and did not partake in the SMR regimen.

Results

There was a statistically significant (p < 0.001) decrease in the pennation angles of the VMO and VL after the SMR regime. Mean combined right and left VL angle change was -6.65° (-18% mean change) and the mean combined right and left VMO angle change was -7.65° (-11.5% mean change). A weak negative correlation was found between initial VMO fiber angle and the angle change (Rsquared = -0.21), as well as moderate negative correlation for the VL (Rsquared = -0.51).

Conclusion

A program of SMR on the anterior thighs of young, asymptomatic males resulted in changes to the fiber angles of both the VMO and VL. There was a significant decrease in pennation angle after seven weeks of SMR using a foam roller.
Research Dominance Definitions May Not Identify Higher Risk Limb for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury in NCAA D3 Student-Athletes
Authors: Cacolice Paul A. , Starkey Brianna E. , Carcia Christopher R. , Higgins Paul E.
Published: June 2022

Background/Purpose

Recent work has identified non-significant correlations of established limb dominance to the lower extremity (LE) at greater risk for Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injury in an active, non-athletic sample. The most common LE dominance definition is preferred leg to kick a ball. Athletes develop a unilaterality pattern different from their active, non-athlete peers. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the correlation between the LE used to kick a ball with and the limb identified at greater risk of ACL injury in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division III athletes.

Design

An Observational Descriptive study design

Methods

Forty-six student-athletes that were active on their NCAA Division III football, field hockey, volleyball, and soccer team rosters were recruited. Upon completing consent, participants performed two tasks (kicking a ball; unilateral land) in a counterbalanced order. Data were entered into and analyzed with a commercial statistical software package where a phi coefficient and Chi-squared analysis were performed.

Results

Of the 46 student athletes who participated (Female=32, Male=14, 19.48±1.26years, 171.75±10.47cm, 77.26±18.74kg), 25 participants kicked and landed with the same limb. Twenty participants chose kicking and landing with different limbs. The Phi Coefficient (Φ= 0.001; P= 0.97) indicated little to no relationship between the LE a participant kicked and landed with. Likewise, the Chi-square statistic revealed no statistical differences between observed and expected frequencies (χ2= 0.001; p= 0.97).

Discussion/Conclusion

NCAA Division III athletes display a statistical absence of preferred limb predictability utilizing the most common dominance definition (kicking a ball) as it relates to identifying LE at risk of ACL injury. The results suggest that the prevalent LE dominance definition is problematic when exploring ACL injury risk in this population.
The Concurrent Validity and Reliability of Single Leg Squat Among Physically Active Females with and without Dynamic Knee Valgus
Authors: Jamaludin Nazatul Izzati , Sahabuddin Farhah Nadhirah Aiman , Rasudin Nur Syahmina , Shaharudin Shazlin
Published: June 2022

Background

The single leg squat (SLS) motion imitates various maneuvers in sports. It is commonly used as a functional test for the lower limb. SLS with two-dimensional (2-D) video analysis is regularly performed in the clinical setting to assess dynamic knee valgus (DKV). However, 2-D video analysis may not be able to demonstrate the same level of accuracy as three-dimensional (3-D) motion analysis.

Purpose

This study aimed to determine the within- and between-day reliability as well as the concurrent validity of 2-D and 3-D motion analysis of lower limb kinematics during 45° and 60° SLS among physically active females with and without DKV.

Study Design

Cross-sectional study

Methods

A total of 34 physically active females (17 individuals with excessive DKV and 17 without DKV) participated in the study. Their DKV was determined based on the cut-off values of knee frontal plane projection angle during drop landing. Their lower limb kinematics during SLS at 45° and 60° knee flexion were captured simultaneously by digital cameras (2-D motion capture) and infrared cameras (3-D motion capture). Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was used as an indicator for within- and between-day reliability tests of both groups. Bland-Altman Plot and Pearson correlation were used to examine the validity of 2-D and 3-D motion capture methods in evaluating knee valgus angle.

Results

Two-dimensional knee FPPA and 3-D knee angle measured during 45° and 60° SLS in normal and excessive DKV groups showed moderate to excellent within-day and between-day reliability (ICC≥ 0.50). The current study showed that the 2-D knee frontal plane projection angle (FPPA) during 45° SLS were valid for the non-dominant leg in both groups. Additionally, the 2-D knee FPPA during 60° SLS were valid for non-dominant leg in excessive DKV group and dominant leg in normal group.

Conclusion

Two-dimensional knee FPPA during 45° and 60° SLS also showed high within-and between-day reliability for both groups. The validity of 2-D knee FPPA during SLS depends on the squat depth, stance leg, and presence of DKV.

Level of Evidence

2B
РОЛЬ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫХ КЛАСТЕРОВ В СИСТЕМЕ ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩЕНИЯ
Authors: Рейхерт Наталья Владимировна , Сапожникова Светлана Михайловна
Published: June 2022

В статье рассматриваются особенности формирования кластеров в рамках реализации программы импортозамещения, их роль в повышении социально-экономического развития территорий, значение потенциала кластеров в создании конкурентоспособных компаний. Анализ научных публикаций позволил выделить характерные черты кластеров, особенности и существенные проблемы в развитии кластеризации регионов России. Методы исследования: описание, сравнение, анализ, аналогия. Цель: охарактеризовать основные кластеры Смоленской области, оценить их роль и значение в развитии региона. Результаты и выводы: авторы отмечают, что в связи с тем что регионы имеют разный потенциал и уровень развития, то, следовательно, они имеют и различные возможности по формированию кластеров. Дана оценка действующим кластерам в Смоленской области: информационных технологий, композитный, льняной и туристический. Были выделены особенности каждого из них, указаны основные участники. Проанализированы показатели, характеризующие уровень импортозамещения в регионе.