bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cardiac and mortality outcomes in patients with breast cancer undergoing trastuzumab-based therapies.
Authors: Puthenpura Max , Batah Heya , Patel Hardik , Braghieri Lorenzo , Agdamag Arianne Clare , Sadler Diego , Moore Halle C. F. , Moudgil Rohit
Published: June 2024

12027

Background: Trastuzumab is a cornerstone treatment for HER2-positive breast cancer. It is traditionally associated with adverse cardiac outcomes. However, the role of multi-line trastuzumab therapy on cardiac outcomes remains unknown. We examined the cardiac and mortality outcomes of multi-line trastuzumab therapies compared to single-line treatments. Methods: This is a single-center retrospective study of 275 adult patients from 2010 – 2017 who completed at least one course of trastuzumab-based therapy without interruption for toxicity. This included any breast cancer stage or type with longitudinal data available for comparison. The primary endpoint was Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE) defined as non-fatal stroke, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), acute heart failure (AHF) admission, and AHF readmission within 5 years of starting treatment. All-cause mortality was collected with cardiac death specified. Cox regression analysis compared cardiac and all-cause mortality at 1, 3, and 5 years from starting treatment. Logistical regression was used to analyze MACE outcomes within 5 years. Results: Patients were all female, averaged 56.7 years old when starting treatment, and 96% Caucasian. 220 patients had only one line of trastuzumab-based therapy while 55 had at least two lines of treatment. The two groups had no significant difference at 1 year for all-cause mortality. However, multi-line therapies were associated with a higher likelihood of all-cause mortality within 3 years (Hazard Ratio (HR) 5.0 [1.8-14.0]; p = 0.002) and 5 years (HR 3.8 [1.2–8.7]; p = 0.002) when compared to single-line therapy. For the single-line therapy patients, 58.3% of deaths were cancer-related at 3 years from starting treatment, and 61.5% as of 5 years. Multi-line therapy patients demonstrated 100% cancer-related death at both 3 and 5 years from starting treatment. Multi-line therapies were also independently associated with higher MACE outcomes within 5 years compared to single-line therapy (Odds Ratio 5.2 [1.5-17.9]; p = 0.009). Of the single-line therapy population, 0.5% had a non-fatal stroke, 0.5% had a non-fatal MI, 2.7% an AHF admission, and 1.4% an AHF readmission. Of the multi-line therapy patients, 7.2% had non-fatal strokes, 1.8% a non-fatal MI, 3.6% an AHF admission, and they had no AHF readmissions. There was no significant difference in cardiac mortality at any point. Conclusions: Multi-line trastuzumab therapy in breast cancer is associated with higher all-cause mortality after 1 year from starting treatment. Most importantly, multi-line therapies were identified as an independent risk factor for MACE, particularly heart failure and stroke, within 5 years. Therefore, survivors should be closely monitored for cardiac events after the first year of starting treatment and identified for early stroke prevention strategies.
Association between psychological distress and treatment efficacy in patients with newly diagnosed SCLC.
Authors: Wu Fang , Wang Shuxing , Zeng Yue , Peng Yurong , Liu Junqi , Tian Xinyu , Yao Shijiao , Liang Aoxi , Deng Chao , Qiu Zhenhua , Ma Fang , Liu Xianling , Hu Chunhong
Published: June 2024

12107

Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a highly aggressive neuroendocrine malignancy known for its rapid doubling time and high growth fraction. Despite advancements, treating SCLC remains challenging, necessitating improved strategies. Prior research indicates that psychological distress can impact cancer treatment efficacy, with severe psychological distress correlating with poorer prognosis. Our study delves into the psychological distress distribution among SCLC patients and identifies potential treatment targets. Methods: Patients newly diagnosed with SCLC, receiving either chemotherapy or immunotherapy as first-line treatment, were enrolled. Psychological distress, encompassing depression and anxiety symptoms, was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) scales. Psychological distress hormone levels, including serum cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), were measured using ELISA kits before treatment initiation. Objective response rate (ORR) and median progression-free survival (PFS) were determined through chi-square tests, Kaplan-Meier analysis, and Cox regression methods. Results: A total of 97 patients diagnosed with SCLC were included in the study, with an average age of 61.5 years. Among them, 70 cases (72.1%) were classified as extensive stage, while 27 cases (27.8%) were limited stage. Psychological distress was present in 53 patients (54.0%). Patients experiencing psychological distress exhibited a significantly lower objective response rate (ORR) compared to those without distress (50.9% vs. 72.7%; P = 0.037), along with a shorter median progression-free survival (PFS) (8.40 vs. 19.47 months; 95% CI 7.84-12.96; P = 0.004). Furthermore, elevated serum cortisol levels (P < 0.001) were observed in patients with psychological distress. In addition, higher serum cortisol concentration (P = 0.011) was associated with a poorer response to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Conclusions: Psychological distress is prevalent among patients with SCLC. Notably, those experiencing psychological distress tend to exhibit poorer responses to chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Our investigation has uncovered a potential mechanism involving neuroendocrine hormone resistance to treatment modalities. Clinical trial information: NCT05477979 .
Exploring the structure of psychological distress and its symptoms: A psychometric network analysis.
Authors: Rossi Alessandro , Marconi Maria , Mannarini Stefania , Calcaterra Andrea , De Cicco Luigi , Verusio Claudio , Di Lucca Giuseppe
Published: June 2024

12112

Background: Psychological research is currently surging in oncological settings, with the construct of psychological distress gaining significant attention. Several studies have demonstrated that psychological distress can have profound adverse effects on adherence, therapy compliance, medical treatments, and overall quality of life (NCCN, 2015). However, it remains a challenging endeavor to attain a clear understanding of the implications of psychological distress in the daily lives of oncology patients. To address this gap, our study aimed to identify the central symptoms of psychological distress and elucidate their relationships. Methods: Oncological outpatients (N = 504; meanage = 67.15, SD = 10.16; 50% females) were recruited at the Presidio Ospedaliero of Saronno, ASST Valle Olona, Italy. The Psychological Distress Inventory-Revised (PDI-R; Rossi et al., 2022), utilized to measure internal, external, and general distress, demonstrated high internal consistency in assessing patients' psychological distress. As a preliminary step before conducting confirmatory factor analysis, we employed an analysis to assess the structural validity of the PDI-R. Subsequently, we performed a Psychometric Network Analysis with the EBICglasso algorithm (5000 bootstrap) to uncover the network structure of psychological distress and identify nodes with greater strength and expected influence. Results: The preliminary analysis indicated that the factorial structure demonstrates excellent fit indices [RMSEA = 0.055; CFI = 0.997; SRMR = 0.041]. Additionally, the Psychometric Network Analysis showed a high accuracy (CS-coefficient = 0.75). Psychological distress symptoms spontaneously clustered into internal and external distress, as per the model, with all symptoms showing noteworthy interconnections. Notably, the strongest connections were observed within the 'external distress' facet. On one hand, the Network Analysis revealed that item #7 (External distress: 'diminished interest in the world'; z = 1.480), item #2 (Internal distress: 'moments of dejection or depression'; z = 1.141), and item #8 (External distress: 'the illness has negatively influenced your relationships with others'; z = 0.542) were identified as nodes with both the highest strength and expected influence. Conclusions: These findings have meaningful implications for clinical practice, as clinical interventions should prioritize addressing symptoms that exhibit the strongest connections within the network. Given that these central nodes have the potential to influence all other connected symptoms, they represent crucial focal points for clinicians. Tailoring more targeted and efficient therapeutic approaches to address these central symptoms can have beneficial effects on medical treatments and enhance the overall quality of life for patients.
Correlation of baseline ENPP1 and cGAS expression in advanced solid tumors with intratumoral immune activation and clinical outcomes after treatment with the first-in-class oral ENPP1 inhibitor RBS2418, alone or in combination with pembrolizumab.
Authors: Marron Thomas Urban , Wainberg Zev A. , Spira Alexander I. , Gordon Michael S. , Chen Christopher , Segar Jennifer Margaret , Boccia Ralph V. , Berlin Jordan , Csiki Ildiko , Schanzer Juergen , Huang Ningwu , Glen Jeffrey , Klumpp Klaus , Misleh Jamal Ghazi
Published: June 2024

2597

Background: ENPP1 is a nucleotide pyrophosphatase and phosphodiesterase. Its expression is associated with poor prognosis in cancer. ENPP1 inhibition protects cGAMP and ATP from hydrolysis and reduces adenosine levels in the TME, activates APCs and increases T-cell infiltration promoting anticancer immunity. RBS2418, a first-in-class, potent ENPP1 inhibitor, is evaluated as monotherapy and combination with pembrolizumab in advanced/metastatic solid tumors. Methods: Phase 1 dose escalation with 100, 200, 400 and 800 mg BID dose and selected expansion cohorts of RBS2418 alone or in combination with pembrolizumab (200 mg IV q3w) in patients who have failed all approved treatments including immunotherapy. Primary outcome measures are safety and PK. Tumor biopsy, and blood samples are collected to determine PK/PD and immune profiles using LC/MS, ENPP1 inhibition, immunofluorescence, IHC, flow cytometry, and TCR/RNAseq analysis. Results: All dose levels evaluated to date were safe and well tolerated with no DLTs. Median plasma concentrations of RBS2418 increased in a dose-dependent manner. Plasma and tumor concentrations of RBS2418 were above the ENPP1 inhibition EC90 level in all patients at all-time points tested. Preliminary analyses support the premise that ENPP1 and cGAS co-expression (EG+ phenotype) in tumors correlates with RBS2418 treatment associated immune activation and clinical benefit. Analysis of all currently available paired pre- and on-treatment biopsies showed on-treatment immune activation profiles in 100% (n=6) with EG+ phenotype and 0% (0/6) with EG- phenotype at baseline. Immune activation profiles include an increase in tumor-infiltrating T-cells and M2 to M1 macrophage switch, consistent with the mechanism of action. EG +/- phenotype and immune activation profile also correlated with observed clinical outcomes. Conclusions: Oral RBS2418 alone or with pembrolizumab has been safe, well tolerated with no DLTs at all dose levels evaluated to date in the ongoing Ph1 dose escalation and expansion study. The robust PK profile shows plasma levels enabling complete ENPP1 inhibition at all time points. Immune activation and observed clinical benefit of treatment in late line treatment of refractory metastatic solid tumors such as CRC and HCC was associated with baseline ENPP1 and cGAS protein expression in tumors. These results warrant further development of RBS2418 in advanced tumors and enrollment continues in expansion cohorts on this phase 1 study. Clinical trial information: NCT05270213 .
Ο ρόλος της χορήγησης GnRH-a στην αγγειογένεση της ενδομητρίωσης
Authors: Φιλινδρής Θεόδωρος
Published: June 2024

Σκοπός: Η νεοαγγειογένεση είναι απαραίτητη για την προσκόλληση και την διεισδυτικότητα των ενδομητριωτικών βλαβών σε γυναίκες που πάσχουν από ενδομητρίωση. Ο αγγειακός ενδοθηλιακός αυξητικός παράγοντας (VEGF), είναι ένα από τα κύρια συστατικά της αγγειογένεσης και αποτελεί κομμάτι της κύριας οδού του ιστικού παράγοντα (TF)-πρωτεάση ,ενεργοποιημένος υποδοχέας-2 (PAR-2)-VEGF, που οδηγεί σε νεοαγγειογένεση. Η πρωτεΐνη ειδικότητας 1 (SP1) είναι ένας μεταγραφικός παράγοντας που έχει πρόσφατα μελετηθεί για τον κρίσιμο ρόλο του στην αγγειογένεση μέσω μιας ξεχωριστής οδού. Υποθέτουμε ότι μπλοκάροντας αγγειογενετικές οδούς μπορούμε να καταστείλουμε τις ενδομητριωτικές βλάβες. Οι αγωνιστές εκλυτικής ορμόνης των γοναδοτροπινών (GnRH-a) χρησιμοποιούνται συνήθως, ιδιαίτερα προεγχειρητικά, στην ενδομητρίωση. Θα είχε μεγάλο ενδιαφέρον να διευκρινιστεί ποιες αγγειογενετικές οδοί επηρεάζονται και ως εκ τούτου, να ανοίξει ο δρόμος για περαιτέρω έρευνα σχετικά με τις αντι-αγγειογενετικές επιδράσεις στην ενδομητρίωση. Μέθοδοι: Χρησιμοποιήσαμε ποσοτική αλυσιδωτή αντίδραση πολυμεράσης σε πραγματικό χρόνο (qRT-PCR) για να μελετήσουμε τα επίπεδα έκφρασης mRNA των TF, PAR-2, VEGF και SP1 σε ενδομητριωτικούς ιστούς γυναικών που υποβλήθηκαν σε χειρουργική επέμβαση για ενδομητρίωση και έλαβαν GnRH-a (οξική λευπρολίδη ) προεγχειρητικά. Αποτελέσματα: Η έκφραση VEGF, TF και PAR-2 είναι σημαντικά χαμηλότερη σε ασθενείς που έλαβαν θεραπεία (p <0,001) σε σύγκριση με αυτούς που δεν έλαβαν θεραπεία, ενώ η έκφραση SP1 δεν μεταβάλλεται (p=0,779). Συμπεράσματα: Η χορήγηση GnRH-a όντως επηρεάζει ορισμένες οδούς αγγειογένεσης στις ενδομητριωτικές βλάβες, αλλά όχι όλες. Επομένως, θα πρέπει να αναπτυχθούν συμπληρωματικές θεραπείες που επηρεάζουν την οδό αγγειογένεσης του SP1 για την ενίσχυση της αντιαγγειογενετικής επίδρασης του GnRH-a σε ασθενείς με ενδομητρίωση.
Distributed approaches for coverage missions with multiple heterogeneous UAVs for coastal areas
Authors: Μπαλαμπάνης Φώτιος
Published: June 2024

Η παρούσα διατριβή επικεντρώνεται στην πρόταση ενός δομικού πλαισίου υψηλού επιπέδου για ετερογενή, σταθερής πτέρυγας εναέρια ρομπότ, που λειτουργούν σε πολύπλοκες παράκτιες περιοχές. Οι πρόσφατες εξελίξεις στις υπολογιστικές δυνατότητες των σύγχρονων επεξεργαστών, σε συνδυασμό με το μειωμένο κόστος κατασκευής των αεροσκαφών μικρής κλίμακας, δίνουν στους ερευνητές την ευκαιρία να προτείνουν αποτελεσματικές και χαμηλού κόστους λύσεις σε μια ευρεία ποικιλία προβλημάτων. Όσον αφορά τις θαλάσσιες επιστήμες αλλά και γενικότερα τις παράκτιες ή θαλάσσιες δραστηριότητες, η χρήση εναέριων ρομπότ παρουσιάζει ορισμένα πλεονεκτήματα, μεταξύ των οποίων είναι και η πλεονάζουσα πληροφορία και η ασφάλεια των χειριστών. Αρχικά, αυτή η διατριβή ασχολείται με την αποσύνθεση μιας πολύπλοκης παράκτιας περιοχής, σε σχέση με τον αισθητήρα της ρομποτικής πλατφόρμας. Αυτή η αποσύνθεση έχει σαν αποτέλεσμα τη μείωση της υπολογιστικής πολυπλοκότητας του σχεδιασμού ενός σχεδίου πτήσης καθώς και την ασφαλή αντιμετώπιση διάφορων εναέριων ή επίγειων περιορισμών. Η αποσύνθεση της περιοχής που βασίζεται στον αισθητήρα του οχήματος, ενισχύει επίσης τη συνοχή μιας καθολικής λύσης για ετερογενείς ομάδες εναέριων οχημάτων. Στη συνέχεια, προτείνει μια νέα αλγοριθμική προσέγγιση για τη διαίρεση μιας περιοχής, για οποιοδήποτε αριθμό μη επανδρωμένων εναέριων οχημάτων. Αυτή η πρόταση διαίρεσης και διαμοιρασμού της περιοχής, σέβεται τις σχετικές ικανότητες αυτονομίας της ομάδας των οχημάτων, παρέχοντας σε κάθε ένα μια περιοχή ενδιαφέροντος. Επιπλέον, προτείνεται ένα σύνολο αλγόριθμων για την απόκτηση σχεδίων πτήσης κάλυψης μιας ολόκληρης υποπεριοχής. Αυτοί οι αλγόριθμοι έχουν σχεδιαστεί λαμβάνοντας υπ΄όψιν τον μη ολονομικό χαρακτήρα των οχημάτων σταθερής πτέρυγας και τους περιορισμούς που επιβάλουν τα δυναμικά χαρακτηριστικά τους. Επίσης, αυτή η διατριβή προτείνει μια παραλλαγή ενός γνωστού path tracking αλγόριθμου, προκειμένου να μειωθεί περαιτέρω το σφάλμα πτήσης, εισάγοντας ενδιάμεσα σημεία αναφοράς στο σχέδιο πτήσης και παρέχοντας μια παραμετροποίηση του αυτόματου πιλότου. Τέλος, παρουσιάζεται μια μελέτη σε ένα σενάριο θαλάσσιων επιστημών, η οποία αποσκοπεί στην εξαγωγή πληροφορίας από θαλάσσιους σημαντήρες (buoys), παρουσιάζοντας έτσι την ευελιξία και την αρθρωτή φύση του προτεινόμενου πλαισίου.
The genome sequence of the Mauritius kestrel, Falco punctatus (Temminck, 1821)
Authors: Morales Hernán E. , Norris Ken , Henshaw Sion , Tatayah Vikash , Ruhomaun Kevin , van Oosterhout Cock , Groombridge Jim J. , Gilbert M. Thomas P. ,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Management, Samples and Laboratory team,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Scientific Operations: Sequencing Operations,   Wellcome Sanger Institute Tree of Life Core Informatics team,   Tree of Life Core Informatics collective
Published: June 2024

We present a genome assembly from an individual male Falco punctatus (the Mauritius kestrel; Chordata; Aves; Falconiformes; Falconidae). The genome sequence is 1,279.3 megabases in span. Most of the assembly is scaffolded into 23 chromosomal pseudomolecules, including the Z sex chromosome. The mitochondrial genome has also been assembled and is 17.34 kilobases in length.
Metaforyka a frazeologia gwarowa
Authors: Przybylska Renata
Published: June 2024

The article presents the application of the cognitive theory of metaphor to dialectal material. The author discusses four types of conceptual metaphors and dialectal phraseologies related to them. She distinguishes: 1. dead metaphors, 2. “dormant” metaphors, 3. vital metaphors and 4. new/fresh metaphors, illustrating them with examples of metaphorical expressions in the form of dialectal phraseologies. The author also postulates the study of dialectal metaphors present in the colloquial communication of rural residents.
Фразеологізми з компонентом око, нога, рука в мовній картині Анатолія Свидницького та Михайла Коцюбинського
Authors: Коваленко Борис
Published: June 2024

In the article the idioms with the somatic components eye, leg, arm are researched on the material of works by Anatoliy Svydnytskyi and Mykhailo Kotsyubynskyi. The language of the writers’ works is full of phraseological units (sayings, proverbs), which are the centers on which the author’s narrative rests or starts, they are always to the point and in place, the characters’ speech is richly saturated with them, they also act as reference points, indisputable truths. The language of works by Svydnytskyi and Kotsiubynskyi is full of phraseological units. As the study has shown, the phraseological fund of the writers’ works is rich and diverse, and the main function of phraseological units with a somatism component used in their works is to clarify and detail the features depicted. The widespread use of fixed compounds is evidence of the high artistic skill of the author, who has perfect knowledge of the literary and colloquial Ukrainian language.
Gwarowe i literackie. O całościowym ujęciu przysłów kalendarzowych na przykładzie jednostek związanych ze świętem św. Szczepana (26 grudnia)
Authors: Popławski Emil
Published: June 2024

The author of the article presented various difficulties concerning the qualification of proverbs related to the calendar to a particular variety of language (standard, dialects). In this regard, the author suggests that – describing this type of proverbs – include all units and indicate the variety of language in which they were noted (based on information from sources). With this approach, it is possible to obtain a reasonably complete description of a given group of proverbs related to the calendar, which often function in both standard language and dialects.
Małżeństwo w świetle polskiej frazematyki gwarowej
Authors: Tyrpa Anna
Published: June 2024

Phrasematics from all over the country concerning marriage in the rural community are presented in 11 points: 1. Marital status – recommended, 2. Marriage candidates, 3. Time of marriage, 4. Choice of wife and husband, 4.1. Maiden or widow?, 4.2. Bachelor or widower?, 4.3. Husband and wife from God, 5. Man changes after marriage, 6. Roles of husband and wife, 7. Relations between spouses, 7.1. Husband’s dominance, 7.2. Wife’s dominance, 7.3. Husband toward wife, 7.4. Wife toward husband, 7.5. Contradictions and disagreements between spouses, 8. What wifes are like, 9. Mismatched couples, 10. Wealth and poverty in marriage, 11. What is marriage?
Charakter człowieka we frazematyce okolic Tarnowa
Authors: Duda Magdalena
Published: June 2024

The article presents phrases describing the character and behaviour of a human being in contemporary use in the Tarnów area. The research material was collected during fieldwork conducted in 2012–2015 in two villages of the Tarnów district – Szynwałd and Łętowice. Phrases functioning both in the researched villages and those that have a wider geographical range or are noted in general Polish were taken into account. The units in question illustrate human character traits; emotional states, feelings, behaviour in a specific situation and interpersonal relations, such as kindness, benevolence, timidity, stinginess, generosity, greed, avarice, calculating, hypocrisy, lying, wickedness, meanness, ruthlessness, conceit, egoism, apodicticity, obstinacy, obtrusiveness and courage. Most of the collected phrases describe what we judge negatively, and their didacticism is primarily based on stigmatising undesirable character traits.
Skin tone assessment in gastrointestinal nursing care
Authors: Harrison Penny
Published: June 2024

Penny Harrison addresses challenges in assessment, education and management of skin conditions across diverse skin tones
Decision making in prehospital and paramedic practice: part 2
Authors: Sibson Lynda
Published: June 2024

This second module explores in some detail a number of concepts that can be related to decision-making in prehospital practice. It discusses the concepts of intuition and analysis and the role these approaches can play in the decisions people make. This article also considers heuristics and how these explain how people make decisions. The role of the professional regulator, the Heath and Care Professions Council, and the application of its standards related to paramedic practice are also considered in relation to decision-making. The issue of analysis paralysis and its potential impact on practice is also examined.
Artist Teacher and Fine Art Education Support Activities in Prison: The Key to Awareness and Self-Esteem
Authors: Vidrih Alenka , Szőke Barbara , Ambrož Lavra , Pataky Gabriella , Potočnik Robert
Published: June 2024

The main purpose of this study is to present the practice, opportunities, and challenges of fine art education activities in a prison setting. Prison is primarily a form of punishment, a place where prisoners are disempowered and excluded from the outside world. Art is, therefore, extremely useful as it empowers prisoners and brings them contentedness and relaxation. In this research, we present a case study of Hungary and Slovenia. Through meaningful fine art education support activities, we can impact the awareness of the personal situation of prisoners and empower them to cope with various emotional and social challenges. By systematically incorporating fine art concepts, diverse and user-friendly fine art techniques, and content that can engage users where emotional and social skills are identified, strengthened, and indirectly reinforced, it is easier and better to endure the daily challenges of the prison environment. The presented fine art activities in prisons show that it would be useful to think in the direction of systematic involvement of artist teachers or students of fine art education within practical training to create a stimulating environment that helps to strengthen the affective, psychomotor, and cognitive development of juvenile and adult prisoners.
Yeni Bir Selçuklu Kitabesi Işığında Emîr Mübârizeddîn Ertokuş un Antalya daki Faaliyetleri
Authors: Demir Mahmut
Published: June 2024

Antalya Selçuklular tarafından 1207 yılında fethedilmiş ve bir Müslüman-Türk şehri haline getirilmiştir. Şehir 1215 yılında yaşanan bir iç isyan ile Selçuklu hâkimiyetinden çıkmış ve kısa süre sonra 1216 yılı başlarında Selçuklular tarafından ikinci kez fethedilmiştir. Antalya, özellikle ikinci fetihten sonra yoğun imar faaliyetlerine sahne olmuş ve önemli bir liman kenti olarak gelişimini sürdürmüştür. Gerek 1207, gerekse de 1216 yılındaki fetihten sonra şehrin idaresi önde gelen Selçuklu emîrlerinden Mübârizeddîn Ertokuş’un uhdesine verilmiştir. Selçuklu devlet mekanizmasındaki gulam kökenli ve en kıdemli emîrlerden olan Mübârizeddîn Ertokuş’un Antalya’ya iki kez Sübaşı olarak atanması devletin şehre verdiği önemi de gözler önüne sermektedir. Antalya Etnografya Müzesi’nde birkaç yıl önce bulunan yeni bir Selçuklu kitabesi, Mübârizeddîn Ertokuş’un bilinenden daha uzun bir süre Antalya Sübaşılığı yaptığını ve bizzat kendisinin de şehirde imar faaliyetlerinde bulunduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Dahası bu kitabenin emîr Mübârizeddîn Ertokuş’un vakfiye kaydı vasıtasıyla Antalya’da yaptırdığı bilinen, ancak günümüze ulaşamayan camisinin somut bir delili olması da kuvvetle muhtemeldir. Antalya Etnografya Müzesi’nde 2018/26 envanter numarası ile sergilenen kireçtaşından mamul kitabe, 5 satırlık Arapça bir inşa kitabesidir. Hicri 618 senesinde (miladi 1221/1222) yapılan bir binaya aittir. Çalışmamız kapsamında Emîr Mübârizeddîn Ertokuş hakkında genel bilgiler verilmiş, kendisinin Antalya’daki faaliyetleri ele alınmış ve yeni bulunan kitabenin Antalya ve Selçuklu Tarihi açısından sağladığı yeni veriler ortaya konmuştur.
At the Crossroads:
Postsecondary Education Access
Opportunities and Constraints
for Rural Black Students
Authors: Means Darris
Published: June 2024

This longitudinal qualitative study delves into the nuanced dynamics
of postsecondary education access and choice for 23 rural Black students during
their senior year of high school. Employing a multifaceted methodological approach encompassing interviews, visual data, and geospatial data, this research
illuminates conditions that influence postsecondary education access and opportunity for rural Black youth. Results highlight how postsecondary education
opportunity for rural Black students is shaped by local Black social networks,
institutional contexts and climates, proximity to hometown, postsecondary
education costs and affordability, as well as the intersecting forces of class, racial, and spatial inequities. This study also demonstrates how participants’
meaning making of these conditions changed over time, thereby influencing
their postsecondary education trajectories and decision-making processes.
This research contributes insights into the shifting dynamics, meaning making,
and forces that shape postsecondary education access for rural Black youth
over time, providing implications for creating more equitable postsecondary
education opportunities for rural Black youth.
2023 JOSA A Emerging Researcher Best Paper Prize: editorial
Authors: Testorf Markus , Avramov-Zamurovic Svetlana , Dudley Angela , Zhou Renjie , Mujat Mircea , Shi Zhimin , Petruccelli Jonathan , Raj Amala , Korotkova Olga
Published: June 2024

JOSA A Editor-in-Chief Olga Korotkova, Deputy Editor Markus Testorf, and the members of the 2023 Emerging Researcher Best Paper Prize Committee announce the recipient of the 2023 prize for the best paper published by an emerging researcher in the Journal.
Clinical and historical infection of Tacheng tick virus 2: A retrospective investigation
Authors: Jia Yuqing , Zhang Yu , Wu Xuanchen , Dong Zhihui , Xie Songsong , Li Wei , Liu Quan , Lu Xiaobo , Wang Yuanzhi
Published: June 2024

Background

Tacheng tick virus 2 (TcTV-2) is an emerging tick-borne virus belonging to the genus Uukuvirus in the family Phenuiviridae. Initially isolated in 2019 from a patient in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR), northwestern China, who developed fever and headache after a tick bite, TcTV-2 was concurrently molecularly detected in hard ticks across various countries, including China, Kazakhstan, Romania, and Turkey. This study conducted a retrospective epidemiological investigation of TcTV-2 infection.

Methodology

In this retrospective cohort study, we collected samples from 47 tick-bitten patients, 984 herdsmen, 7 Asian badgers, 13 red foxes, and 168 Hyalomma asiaticum tick egg batches. Patients’ samples were primarily analyzed by using high-throughput sequencing, targeting the V3-V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene and viral cDNA libraries. Typical tick-borne pathogens were further confirmed using RT-PCR and detected in Asian badgers, red foxes and Hy. asiaticum tick egg batches. We also conducted enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detected specific IgM and IgG antibodies against TcTV-2 in herdsmen. Phylogenetic analysis was performed to genetically characterize TcTV-2 detected in this study.

Principal findings

TcTV-2 was detected in various samples, including blood, urine, and throat swabs from 12.77% (6/47) tick-bitten patients. It was found in blood samples of 14.29% (1/7) of wild badgers, 7.69% (1/13) of red foxes, and 13.69% (23/168) of Hy. asiaticum egg batches. Furthermore, ELISA results revealed that 9.55% (94/984) of the serum samples (34 from males and 60 from females) were tested positive for TcTV-2-specific IgG, while 2.95% (29/984, 7 males and 22 females) showed positivity for TcTV-2-specific IgM. Additionally, 1.02% (10/984, 4 males and 6 females) of the sera tested positive for both TcTV-2-specific IgM and IgG. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the TcTV-2 strains detected in this study were genetically similar, regardless of their origin and host species.

Conclusions

Clinical symptoms of TcTV-2 infection in patients are nonspecific, with common symptoms including headache, fever, asthenia, vomiting, myalgia, rash, and meningitis-like signs. TcTV-2 can be detected in blood, urine, and throat swab samples of infected patients. Among local herdsmen, 9.55% tested positive for TcTV-2-specific IgG and 2.95% for TcTV-2-specific IgM. Importantly, TcTV-2 can be transovarially transmitted in Hy. asiaticum ticks, and the Asian badgers and red foxes are potential reservoirs of TcTV-2.
Exploring hydrophilic 2,2-di(indol-3-yl)ethanamine derivatives against Leishmania infantum
Authors: Centanni Alessia , Diotallevi Aurora , Buffi Gloria , Olivieri Diego , Santarém Nuno , Lehtinen Antti , Yli-Kauhaluoma Jari , Cordeiro-da-Silva Anabela , Kiuru Paula , Lucarini Simone , Galluzzi Luca
Published: June 2024

Herein we report the design and the synthesis of a library of new and more hydrophilic bisindole analogues based on our previously identified antileishmanial compound URB1483 that failed the preliminary in vivo test. The novel bisindoles were phenotypically screened for efficacy against Leishmania infantum promastigotes and simultaneously for toxicity on human macrophage-like THP-1 cells. Among the less toxic compounds, eight bisindoles showed IC50 below 10 μM. The most selective compound 1h (selectivity index = 10.1, comparable to miltefosine) and the most potent compound 2c (IC50 = 2.7 μM) were tested for their efficacy on L. infantum intracellular amastigotes. The compounds also demonstrated their efficacy in the in vitro infection model, showing IC50 of 11.1 and 6.8 μM for 1h and 2c, respectively. Moreover, 1h showed a better toxicity profile than the commercial drug miltefosine. For all these reasons, 1h could be a possible new starting point for hydrophilic antileishmanial agents with low cytotoxicity on human macrophage-like cells.
Incidence, characteristics, and risk factors of new liver disorders 3.5 years post COVID-19 pandemic in the Montefiore Health System in Bronx
Authors: Peng Thomas , Duong Katie S. , Lu Justin Y. , Chacko Kristina R. , Henry Sonya , Hou Wei , Fiori Kevin P. , Wang Stephen H. , Duong Tim Q.
Published: June 2024

Purpose

To determine the incidence of newly diagnosed liver disorders (LD) up to 3.5-year post-acute COVID-19, and risk factors associated with new LD.

Methods

We analyzed 54,699 COVID-19 patients and 1,409,547 non-COVID-19 controls from March-11-2020 to Jan-03-2023. New liver disorders included abnormal liver function tests, advanced liver failure, alcohol and non-alcohol related liver disorders, and cirrhosis. Comparisons were made with ambulatory non-COVID-19 patients and patients hospitalized for other lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). Demographics, comorbidities, laboratory data, incomes, insurance status, and unmet social needs were tabulated. The primary outcome was new LD at least two weeks following COVID-19 positive test.

Results

Incidence of new LD was not significantly different between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 cohorts (incidence:1.99% vs 1.90% p>0.05, OR = 1.04[95%CI: 0.92,1.17], p = 0.53). COVID-19 patients with new LD were older, more likely to be Hispanic and had higher prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and obesity compared to patients without new LD. Hospitalized COVID-19 patients had no elevated risk of LD compared to hospitalized LRTI patients (2.90% vs 2.07%, p>0.05, OR = 1.29[0.98,1.69], p = 0.06). Among COVID-19 patients, those who developed LD had fewer patients with higher incomes (14.18% vs 18.35%, p<0.05) and more with lower incomes (21.72% vs 17.23%, p<0.01), more Medicare and less Medicaid insurance, and more patients with >3 unmet social needs (6.49% vs 2.98%, p<0.001) and fewer with no unmet social needs (76.19% vs 80.42%, p<0.001).

Conclusions

Older age, Hispanic ethnicity, and obesity, but not COVID-19 status, posed increased risk for developing new LD. Lower socioeconomic status was associated with higher incidence of new LD.
Dynamic interactions of carbon trading, green certificate trading, and electricity markets: Insights from system dynamics modeling
Authors: Zhang Wei , Ji Chao , Liu Yongwei , Hao Yuxing , Song Yang , Cao Youxia , Qi Hui
Published: June 2024

In the context of the evolving landscape of reduction in carbon emissions and integration of renewable energy, this study uses system dynamics (SD) modeling to explore the interconnected dynamics of carbon trading (CT), tradable green certificate (TGC) trading, and electricity markets. Using differential equations with time delays, the study provides a comprehensive analysis of structural relationships and feedback mechanisms within and between these markets. Key findings reveal the intricate interplay between carbon prices, green certificate prices, and electricity prices under various coupling mechanisms. For example, under the three-market coupling mechanism, carbon trading prices stabilize around 150 Yuan/ton, while green certificate prices reach a peak of 0.45 Yuan/KWH, impacting electricity prices, which fluctuate between 0.33 and 1.09 Yuan / KWH during the simulation period. These quantitative results shed light on nuanced fluctuations in market prices and the dynamics of anticipated purchases and sales volumes within each market. The insights gleaned from this study offer valuable implications for policy makers and market stakeholders in navigating the complexities of carbon emission reduction strategies, the integration of renewable energy and market equilibrium. By understanding the dynamics of multi-market coupling, stakeholders can better formulate policies and strategies to achieve sustainable energy transitions and mitigate impacts of climate change.
Ethnic and national identification of minority youth in China: The mediating role of intergroup orientation
Authors: Luo Ning , Wang Lei , Guan Tao
Published: June 2024

This study examined the mediating role of intergroup orientation in the relationship between ethnic and national identification. Our participants were 1320 Yi minority youths from a secondary school located in the Yi ethnic autonomous prefecture of southwest China. The participants completed three self-report questionnaires measuring ethnic and national identification, and intergroup orientation, respectively. Structural equation modeling was employed to determine the relationships between ethnic and national identification and intergroup orientation, and to explore the mechanism underlying the association between ethnic and national identification. The results showed that Yi minority youths with a stronger sense of ethnic identity had a stronger sense of national identity. The results further indicated that stronger ethnic identity led to a more positive intergroup orientation, which in turn predicted a stronger national identity. Our findings may facilitate the cultivation of positive attitudes between national subgroups in multiethnic countries and help ethnic minority youth develop a stronger awareness of national identity while retaining their ethnic identity.
Effect of financial incentives on the cost and duration of sickness absence
Authors: Timp Sheila , Foreest Nicky D. van , Rhenen Willem van
Published: June 2024

Sickness absence is a major concern in public health, affecting individuals, businesses, and society. Developing efficient sickness absence policies could help reduce sickness absence. A key aspect of these policies concerns the financial compensation provided to absent employees, including its amount and the length of time it is offered. This study addresses how financial incentives, like salary reductions, might influence sickness absence. For this purpose, we first develop a model to estimate the sensitivity of employees to a financial incentive using a large dataset consisting of approximately six million sickness cases. We then perform a simulation study to determine the effect of similar incentives at different moments and for varying sensitivities. Our findings indicate that financial incentives can notably shorten the duration of sickness absence and decrease its associated costs, particularly when such incentives are implemented early in the absence period. Incentives implemented later have less impact on absence duration, but can still reduce the overall cost. The results of this study can be used by healthcare professionals and employers in the design and evaluation of diverse sickness absence policies.
‘You can’t be what you can’t see’: A pilot study of reflections on diversity and inclusion in the news media
Authors: Fulton Janet , Park Sora , McCallum Kerry , McGuinness Kieran
Published: June 2024

This article reports on a pilot study that examined representational and content diversity in Australian media through semi-structured interviews with experts in the field and secondary documentary analysis of available public reports, news articles and websites. Of the eleven axes of diversity explored in the wider project, this article focuses on ability, ethnicity, religion and class, based on the experience and expertise of the interview participants. The analysis revealed four common themes: (1) the media’s tendency to narrowly and predictably portray diverse groups; (2) the lack of diversity in newsrooms and management, and its impact on content and representation; (3) commercial imperatives and (4) the value and impact (or not) of policies. While there are some areas of the media that are seen to be doing a better job, the overwhelming consensus among the participants supported community advocacy and academic literature that finds Australian news media can do better when it comes to diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI).
An examination of factors influencing journalism educators’ perceptions on the role and future of news reporting
Authors: Hollings James , Wake Alexandra , Peter Raja , Martin Fiona R. , Rupar Verica
Published: June 2024

This article explores how educational qualifications, age, gender and regional context affect journalism educators’ perceptions of journalism’s normative roles and the future needs of journalism students. It draws on Australian and New Zealand/Aotearoan responses to the 2021 World Journalism Education Council (WJEC) Survey Journalistic Roles, Values and Qualifications in the 21st Century: How Journalism Educators Across the Globe View the Future of a Profession in Transition. It shows that holding a Ph.D. diminishes support for traditional observer and disseminator roles and predicts support for the mobilizer role. Age also predicts role perception; it diminishes support for the disseminator and mobilizer roles for both the current position of journalists and journalists in the next ten years. These age and education effects are independent of each other. The findings point to the need for more detailed research on the effects of further education on journalism teachers’ professional conceptions and teaching strategy.
The Cultural Origins of Human Cognition
Authors: Huizi Pello
Published: June 2024

Espezie bezala, zerk egiten gaitu gizakiok bereziak? Horra zientzialari sozialak arduratzen eta kezkatzen dituen galdera bat.Erantzunik ez da falta galdera horrentzat; hizkuntza, matematika, tresnak, artea, musika edo umorea sortzeko gaitasunak dira erantzunetako batzuk. Erantzunak beste animalia batzuei gaitasun horiek falta zaizkiela erakusten duten ikerketen ondorio izandira eskuarki. Askoz bakanagoak izan dira honako auzi hauetan argi egiteko ahaleginak: zergatik ageri diren gaitasun horiek espezie batean eta ez beste batzuetan, zergatik diren axolazkoak alde horiek, edo zergatik den beharrezko gizakiez gainera gizaki ez diren animaliak ere aztertzea. Hor dago Michael Tomaselloren The Cultural Origins of Human Cognition liburuaren interesa eta garrantzia: autoreak azaldu nahi digu zertan eta zergatik desberdintzen garen gainerako espezieetatik, eta bereziki zertan eta zergatik desberdintzen den gure kognizioa egitura genetikoan oso antzekoak ditugun beste primateen kogniziotik. Eta lan horretarako gutxi egongo dira Tomasello bezain ongi prestaturik. Izan ere, goi mailako ikertzailea da bera primatologian eta haur garapenean. Haurrak eta gatibu dauden txinpantzeak aztertu ditu eta lan ugari ditu idatziak, bakarrik edo elkarlanean (gutxienez 55aurki daitezke liburuan, erreferentzien artean), bi espezieek komunikaziorako eta kogniziorako gaitasunak nola eskuratzen dituzten azaltzeko.
Are we Free?
Authors: Huizi Pello
Published: June 2024

Liburua osatzen duten 17 lanek, gehi argitaratzaileek idatzia den atariko kapituluak, aukeramena dute aztergai. Aukeramena, hau da, aukeratzeko ahalmena, inori aitortzekotan gizakiari aitortzen dioguna. Beste askorentzat bezala, edo hobeki esateko, beste gehienentzat bezala, «aukeramenaren jabe» zen gizakia Koldo Mitxelenarentzat. Liburu honen sarrera kapituluaren lehenbiziko perpausetan esaten zaigunez ere, jendeak gehienean aukeramenaren jabe balitz bezala dihardu eta ez dauka bere burua, ezta besteak ere, automatatzat.
Comenzando una vida de laboratorio: un estudio sobre la producción del cuerpo de una científica brasileña
Authors: Silva Lobo Samuel Itxai , Menezes Viana Gabriel , Ângelo Coutinho Francisco
Published: June 2024

En este texto presentamos una etnografía desarrollada en los primeros días de una científica en formación en un laboratorio de investigación del área de la Ciencias Biológicas. Las orientaciones teórico-conceptuales y metodológicas se fundamentan en la Teoría Actor-Red (TAR) y en los estudios de Bruno Latour. Adoptamos la perspectiva de aprendizaje a partir de lo que este autor propone sobre «el cuerpo afectado», concibiéndola como las condiciones para asociarse con el medio y responder a él de forma más articulada por las diferencias de mundo que lo provocan. La recopilación de datos para este texto se basó en la observación participante, con registros fotográficos y anotaciones en cuaderno de campo. Los análisis indican que, en los procedimientos referentes a la actividad científica de producción de láminas histológicas, se establecen redes de asociación entre humanos y objetos generando efectos que afectan al cuerpo de la joven aprendiz de científica. En las asociaciones construidas a lo largo de los experimentos, la científica en formación tuvo que: establecer vínculos, lidiar con inseguridades, familiarizarse con objetos, manipular máquinas, resolver problemas e, incluso, utilizar recursos no ortodoxos de investigación. Al final, este estudio indica que es con esas asociaciones cómo la científica principiante construye su propio conocimiento científico y se construye a sí misma. En las conclusiones, se detallan algunas implicaciones de lo aquí expuesto para las áreas de educación y formación de científicos.
¿Cómo convertirse en becario de la Fundación Guggenheim? Las trayectorias de José Ribeiro do Valle y Maurício O. da Rocha e Silva entre 1938 y 1947
Authors: Bonaventura Isabella
Published: June 2024

Este artículo aborda las trayectorias de dos farmacólogos brasileños: José Ribeiro do Valle y Mauricio O. da Rocha e Silva, entre 1938 y 1947. Se describen las estrategias de estos científicos para obtener becas de la Fundación Guggenheim y viabilizar sus estancias en los Estados Unidos. Tales articulaciones se analizarán en diálogo con la creciente influencia norteamericana en la educación médica y las actividades de cooperación incentivadas por la Política de Buena Vecindad. Ribeiro do Valle y Rocha e Silva publicaron artículos en inglés y participaron en eventos internacionales, buscando insertar su trabajo en una «red internacional de fisiología» (Cueto, 2015), que conectaba científicos de América Latina y Estados Unidos. Después de recibir la beca, la correspondencia con Henry Allen Moe revela las negociaciones con los brasileños, que movilizaron los parámetros de la Fundación Guggenheim para alcanzar sus objetivos de trabajo en el exterior.
Entre la fe y la ciencia: cómo los portales evangélicos abordaron la vacuna contra el COVID-19
Authors: Barba Marcela , Rios Fernanda
Published: June 2024

La acción evangélica, ya conocida en la política y en los medios de comunicación desde la redemocratización, también es visible en los debates sobre diferentes campos epistémicos, como el de la salud. El presente estudio, partiendo del alineamiento evangélico con el expresidente Jair Bolsonaro y sus discursos antivacunas, así de como de la minimización del virus manifestada por parte de los pastores mediáticos, se centra en la observación de cinco portales evangélicos en lo que respecta a cuestiones relativas a la vacuna contra el COVID-19. Con un corpus de 137 noticias, se analizaron cinco variables: valencia con relación a la vacuna; ausencia y presencia de crítica; ausencia y presencia de defensa de la vacuna; tipos de críticas; ausencia y presencia de teorías conspiratorias. Los resultados revelan que los portales presentan diferencias de actuación entre ellos, algunos más contrarios y otros más positivos a la vacunación, mostrando que no existe un consenso antivacunas entre las principales páginas de noticias evangélicas en Brasil.
De FHC a Bolsonaro, 27 años de valoraciones de la opinión pública brasileña: ¿Qué explica la popularidad del presidente?
Authors: Urizzi Cervi Emerson
Published: June 2024

El artículo se propone analizar una serie temporal de tres décadas de valoraciones de cuatro presidentes brasileños, entre 1995 y 2022. La pregunta es: ¿qué produjo las variaciones en la valoración positiva y negativa de los presidentes brasileños? La hipótesis es que factores externos e internos explican de forma distinta las variaciones de valoración de los diferentes gobiernos. Las variables explicativas externas son económicas, como tasa de desempleo o la inflación. El objetivo es identificar los tipos de cambio en las curvas de opinión de los presidentes y probar la VP-function para los presidentes brasileños. Los resultados indican que las variables económicas presentan efectos inconsistentes y que el paso del tiempo es la principal explicación para la caída de popularidad de los presidentes - cuánto más cerca del fin, más difícil resulta mantener niveles altos de aprobación (excepto en el segundo gobierno Lula de los analizados).
Estudios Sociales de la Ciencia en Brasil: qué pueden ser y de qué tratan
Authors: Elian dos Santos Paulo , Barros da Silva Márcia Regina , Otávio Ferreira Luiz
Published: June 2024

El texto busca presentar los trabajos publicados en el dossier «Estudios Sociales de las Ciencias en Brasil», a partir la siguiente perspectiva: las indagaciones en torno al tema de la ciencia y la tecnología conducen a interrogantes diversos y análisis localizados, denotando el continuo interés en esta área de Estudiar en Brasil.