bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Les femmes de l’entourage d’Hérode Atticus
Authors: Perrin-Saminadayar Éric
Published: June 2019

Philostrate, et les historiens modernes après lui, présentent le milieu des sophistes et des notables athéniens qui gravitent autour d’Hérode Atticus comme un monde masculin ; les femmes n’y apparaissent qu’exceptionnellement comme faire-valoir du grand homme et de ses qualités morales. L’épigraphie permet de présenter un tout autre tableau de la place des femmes dans la vie du sophiste, mais aussi dans la société athénienne à l’époque impériale : l’étude s’attache à montrer combien elles ont contribué de manière très importante à la fortune du sophiste et comment elles lui ont aussi permis d’asseoir ses réseaux internationaux ; elle présente enfin les femmes comme de véritables actrices de la vie publique athénienne, à l’égal des hommes.
Local Roman Women in Pontus and Bithynia
Authors: Majbom Madsen Jesper
Published: June 2019

Résumé Cet article traite de la manière dont certaines femmes du Pont et de Bithynie apparaissent pourvues de noms romains, imitant même parfois les tria nomina , dans les inscriptions honorifiques et funéraires qui sont dédiées à elles-mêmes ou à leurs fils, pères et époux. Il a souvent été avancé que les Grecs avaient montré quelque réticence, voire quelque scepticisme, envers l’influence de la culture romaine, et que les habitants des communautés provinciales hellénophones avaient fait un effort particulier pour préserver leur identité culturelle. Cela a souvent été vrai. Mais le choix de donner des noms romains à des membres féminins de la parenté a pu être aussi une façon de manifester l’appartenance de la famille à la communauté des citoyens romains. Cette étude souligne l’influence que Rome a pu exercer sur l’un des plus forts marqueurs identitaires, celui au moyen duquel chaque individu souhaite être identifié et reconnu, ainsi que ses enfants.
Sors, sortiri, sortitio . Pratiques et lexique du tirage au sort dans le monde romain
Authors: Biville Frédérique
Published: June 2019

Le tirage au sort ( sors , sortiri ) a joué un rôle fondamental dans le monde romain, dans les institutions politiques et juridiques ( sortitio ), dans les pratiques divinatoires et ludiques, et dans les diverses circonstances de la vie quotidienne. L’étude du lexique dans lequel il s’exprime, avant tout sors (qui s’est maintenu jusque dans les langues romanes modernes) et ses dérivés, permet d’aborder l’impact du concept dans la civilisation romaine et la diversité de ses réalisations, même si les textes, littéraires et épigraphiques, ne sont pas toujours explicites sur la nature et l’évolution des réalités matérielles et des procédures associées aux mots. Des ambiguïtés subsistent, en particulier sur la nature des instruments du tirage au sort, les sortes et sorticulae , et sur celle de l’urne, urna , qui pose le problème de sa correspondance avec le grec κληρωτήριον ( klêrôtêrion ).
D’une matérialité à l’autre : le tirage au sort au prisme de l’acte électoral
Authors: Déloye Yves
Published: June 2019

À l’inverse de toutes les traditions essentialisantes d’analyse des instruments de sélection politique, cette série de textes offre un contre-point fort précieux. Parce qu’il prend soin, tout d’abord, de contextualiser les diverses et multiples expériences du tirage au sort dans le domaine politique mais aussi judiciaire, administratif et religieux. En multipliant les récits d’expérience (du monde antique aux usages les plus contemporains du tirage au sort), en croisant les échelles historiques, en hybridant les analyses historiques avec des développements plus théoriques, ce dossier thématique donne à voir dans toutes ses variétés et ses dimensions le panorama des pratiques, des rituels, des formats matériels qui accompagnèrent historiquement les mises en œuvre effectives du tirage au sort. Loin de renvoyer à une « essence » ou à une « nature », ni même à un principe stabilisé, le tirage au sort se révèle systématiquement imbriqué dans des arrangements institutionnels ritualisés, dans des configurations historiques, dans des cultures (souvent indissociablement religieuse et politique) qui singularisent le tirage au sort et interdit d’en globaliser l’étude et la compréhension.
L’entrée en pédagogie Montessori d’enseignant.e.s d’écoles maternelles publiques française depuis 2010. Raisons et modalités
Authors: Huard Chrystel
Published: June 2019

La proposition pédagogique de Maria Montessori, au début du XXème siècle, était une alternative à l’enseignement traditionnel. Elle connait, un siècle plus tard, un engouement sans précédent dans l’école maternelle publique française. Quatre éléments contextuels en ont permis l’émergence : l’évolution de la prescription institutionnelle à l’égard de l’école maternelle ; des enseignants confrontés à des demandes sociétales et institutionnelles paradoxales ; des pratiques pédagogiques qui s’essoufflent ; une motivation des enseignants à faire faire évoluer ces mêmes pratiques. Une primarisation croissante de l’école maternelle en conflit avec une demande sociétale de prise en compte plus individuelle de l’enfant a en effet déstabilisé le corps enseignant créant ainsi les conditions d’un changement de pratiques. Dans ce développement, les réseaux créés sur Internet ont joué un rôle majeur pour permettre cette entrée en pédagogie Montessori, entre adaptation à la réalité des classes et conformité aux demandes institutionnelles. Au-delà des raisons qui ont présidé à la naissance de ce mouvement, il s’agit également, dans cet article, de retracer le parcours des premiers enseignants. Comment sont-ils parvenus à la pédagogie Montessori, se sont-ils formés à cette pédagogie et si oui de quelle façon ?
L’entrée en pédagogie différente des enseignants du supérieur, le cas de l’université d’Artois
Authors: Couturier Catherine , Masclet Johanne , Boutin Viviane
Published: June 2019

Cette analyse de pratique concerne l’entrée en pédagogie différente d’un groupe d’enseignants de l’université d’Artois ayant participé à la première formation à la pédagogie sur le thème de la motivation, proposé par la structure d’accompagnement à la transformation des pratiques d’enseignement nouvellement créée. Il s’agit de mieux comprendre qui sont ces enseignants intéressés par des pédagogies différentes, quelle est leur perception de cette séquence de formation et quelles attentes ils expriment. La perception est globalement positive. Les interactions semblent avoir représenté un élément central de la formation. L’existence d’une culture commune qui transcende le statut des participants est mise en évidence. La formation a favorisé la prise de conscience de préconceptions et encouragé une démarche métacognitive à propos des pratiques.
Cultural Diversity and Patient Teaching
Authors: Price Joseph L , Cordell Barbara
Published: June 2019

ABSTRACT

Cultural diversity challenges health care providers to facilitate bridging cross-cultural gaps with clients. It is through providing culturally relevant care that health care practitioners truly serve the needs of all clients in our diverse society. A theory of Cultural Care Diversity and Universality offers a framework for building linkages of clinical knowledge to cultural care. A four-step approach to providing culturally sensitive patient teaching is described: (1) health care providers should assess their own cultural beliefs and be aware of general ethnic, regional, and religious beliefs and practices in their area; (2) develop a teaching plan; (3) implement the plan; (4) evaluate the success of the teaching-learning process and make alterations based on evaluation. When providers assess clients' beliefs and practices and incorporate them into the teaching plan design, teaching becomes more relevant and clients become more successful at learning.
Overview of the EVALITA 2018 Evaluation of Italian DIALogue systems (IDIAL) Task
Authors: Cutugno Francesco , Di Maro Maria , Falcone Sara , Guerini Marco , Magnini Bernardo , Origlia Antonio
Published: June 2019

We report about the organization of the IDIAL (Evaluation of Italian DIALogue systems) task at EVALITA 2018, the first shared task aiming at assessing interactive characteristics of conversational agents for the Italian language. In this perspective, IDIAL considers a dialogue system as a “black box” (i.e., evaluation can not access internal components of the system), and measures the system performance on three dimensions: task completion, effectiveness of the dialogue and user satisfaction. We describe the IDIAL evaluation protocol, and show how it has been applied to the three participating systems. Finally, we briefly discuss current limitations and future improvements of the IDIAL methodology.
Bidirectional Attentional LSTM for Aspect Based Sentiment Analysis on Italian
Authors: Nicola Giancarlo
Published: June 2019

This paper describes the SentITA system that participated to the ABSITA task proposed in Evalita 2018. The system is based on a Bidirectional Long Short Term Memory network with attention that exploits word embeddings and sentiment specific polarity embeddings. The model also leverages grammatical information from POS tagging and NER tagging. The system participated in both the Aspect Category Detection (ACD) and Aspect Category Polarity (ACP) tasks achieving the 5th place in the ACD task and the 2nd in the ACD task.
Fully Convolutional Networks for Text Classification
Authors: Anderson Jacob
Published: June 2019

In this work I propose a new way of using fully convolutional networks for classification while allowing for input of any size. I additionally propose two modifications on the idea of attention and the benefits and detriments of using the modifications. Finally, I show suboptimal results on the ITAmoji 2018 tweet to emoji task and provide a discussion about why that might be the case as well as a proposed fix to further improve results.
Vector Space Models for Automatic Misogyny Identification
Authors: Bakarov Amir
Published: June 2019

The problem of hate speech and, especially, of misogynous language is one of the most crucial problems of contemporary Internet communities. Therefore, automatic detection of such language becomes one of the most actual natural language processing tasks. The most ubiquitous tools for resolving this task are based on vector space models of texts. In this paper we describe our system that exploits such tools and have shown the best performance on the Italian AMI task of EVALITA 2018.
Fontaines de Paris
Authors: Fulgence Gustave
Published: June 2019

Paris offre aux passants un peu plus de 1 100 points d’eau potable librement accessibles, localisables sur une carte interactive disponible sur le site d’Eau de Paris (http://www.eaudeparis.fr/ ), où se trouvent aussi une présentation de son système de collecte, traitement et distribution de l’eau dont les fontaines publiques ne sont que la face la plus visible.
Mercado da cultura popular e economia urbana: o brega recifense
Authors: Alves Cristiano Nunes
Published: June 2019

Metrópole marcada por intenso imbricamento cultural associado a uma aguda desigualdade territorial, o Recife destaca-se por ser um vigoroso abrigo para a produção musical brega. Municiados por um levantamento bibliográfico e documental sobre a temática; e pela reunião de informações primárias, a partir de visitas técnicas e entrevistas semiestruturadas, operacionalizamos a noção de circuito, buscando por meio do brega, uma minúcia do território em seu compasso com o mercado e a economia política da cidade. O brega mostra como nos subúrbios do Recife, se organiza o trabalho cultural por meio de pequenos investimentos, de modo independente da grande mídia ou do poder público. Vê-se que se trata o circuito brega, de um elemento de considerável espessura na dinâmica da metrópole contemporânea, pautada em uma miríade de atividades de pequeno alcance, que permitem a sobrevivência da maior parte dos pobres urbanos, sujeitos para quem o desemprego, mais que fruto de uma crise, faz parte das histórias de vida.
Migrantes Nordestinos na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo: características socioeconômicas e distribuição espacial
Authors: Melo Maria das Neves Medeiros de , Fusco Wilson
Published: June 2019

A migração de nordestinos para a Região Sudeste do Brasil, resultado das intensas e históricas desigualdades regionais do país, é um dos elementos mais importantes da dinâmica demográfica brasileira. O volume de migrantes, que crescia a cada ano, começa a se estabilizar nos últimos anos da década de 1970, e a migração de retorno, registrada com mais importância a partir da década de 1980, confere novas matizes ao cenário nacional. Concentrada particularmente na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, uma parcela da população nascida no Nordeste permaneceu na região de destino, apesar das dificuldades impostas pela seletividade do mercado de trabalho e pelos padrões do mercado imobiliário. A respeito da referida população, este estudo buscou identificar características socioespaciais que podem ser entendidas como resultado do processo de adaptação às mudanças verificadas na região de destino. Para isso, foram utilizadas variáveis dos Censos Demográficos de 2000 e 2010.
As estratégias da logística contemporânea como instrumento de ordenamento territorial na reconversão em Nord e Pas-de-Calais (França)
Authors: Policarpo Mauricio Aquilante , Souza Rita de Cássia Martins de
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo aborda as ações capitalistas nos departamentos franceses de Nord e Pas-de-Calais, na região de Hauts de France, diante do processo de Reconversão Territorial após os anos de 1960. A Reconversão, enquanto uma geoestratégia, procura alterar a especialização da área a partir da crise das indústrias tradicionais (mineração de carvão e têxteis) e do consequente problema de desemprego e de atonia econômica. Assim, assiste-se, desde a década de 1960, a instalação de importantes infraestruturas viárias na região pelo Estado francês e pela União Europeia em associação com ações do capital privado a fim de atrair atividades econômicas modernas e de inovação. A situação geográfica de Nord e Pas-de-Calais cumpre papel decisivo nos sucessivos investimentos sobre a área uma vez que esta se encontra numa zona fronteiriça essencial no contexto da União Europeia. É de fundamental importância a compreensão das estratégias da logística contemporânea na articulação de Nord e Pas-de-Calais enquanto nós da rede de transportes europeia, em que interesses dos agentes econômicos locais, nacionais e globais se embatem.
Análise dos aspectos demográficos e socioambientais para elaboração de um Índice de Segregação Espacial Urbana.
Authors: Martines Marcos Roberto , Morato Rúbia Gomes , Kawakubo Fernando Shinji , Ferreira Ricardo Vicente , Toppa Rogério Hartung
Published: June 2019

A segregação espacial urbana nos países em desenvolvimento está relacionada às diferenças sociais e econômicas de sua população. Este estudo apresenta um índice de segregação espacial urbana baseado em dados socioambientais e demográficos e faz testes estatísticos para avaliação da sua consistência. O índice é apresentado com valores entre 0 a 1, sendo os maiores valores indicativos de maior segregação espacial urbana. Classes temáticas foram derivadas e mapeadas em nível de setores censitários a partir dos dados do censo brasileiro de 2010 e de imagens dos satélites Sentinel 2A e 3, para as áreas urbanas de Uberlândia. O resultado mostra menos índices de segregação no Sul e altos índices nas porções Sudeste, Norte e Oeste da mancha urbana. As variáveis de infraestrutura urbana, condições econômicas e demográficas explicam os agrupamentos das classes menos segregadas, por outro lado, as classes mais segregadas são diretamente influenciadas pela variável renda. Concluiu-se que a mancha urbana apresenta um comportamento de segregação urbana do modelo centro-periferia e que o índice desenvolvido apresentou um padrão de consistência.
Mineração em Geossistemas Ferruginosos e Questões de Geoética: o Caso do Rompimento da Barragem de Córrego do Feijão, Minas Gerais – Brasil
Authors: Ruchkys Úrsula de Azevedo , Castro Paulo de Tarso Amorim , Miranda Marcos Paulo Souza
Published: June 2019

O Estado de Minas Gerais, porção sudeste do Brasil, é um dos maiores mineradores do país. Na região do Quadrilátero Ferrífero se concentram grandes empreendimentos minerários, em especial de ouro e de ferro. Nos últimos três anos essa região foi alvo de dois grandes crimes decorrentes do rompimento de barragens de rejeito: Fundão (2015) e Córrego do Feijão (2019). O artigo tem como objetivo analisar a possível aplicação de alguns dos princípios da geoética ao rompimento da barragem de rejeitos de Córrego do Feijão da Companhia Vale, a partir de notícias vinculadas em dois jornais. Para tanto apresenta uma relação entre geoética e o rompimento ao analisar a reação da empresa mineradora Vale frente ao vazamento de rejeitos de sua barragem considerando: os efeitos ambientais e sociais; comunicação; prever e remediar qualquer perigo potencial; preocupação e responsabilidade com as futuras gerações. As análises indicam a necessidade urgente de uma abordagem geoética dos empreendimentos minerários.
Bacias hidrográficas e os conflitos pelos usos das águas no estado de Sergipe
Authors: Barbosa Anézia Maria Fonseca , Oliveira Alberlene Ribeiro de , Silva Luiz Carlos Sousa , Souza Rosemeri Melo e , Santos Sindiany Suelen Caduda dos
Published: June 2019

Este artigo avalia a dinâmica das bacias hidrográficas de Sergipe, a partir dos conflitos socioambientais em torno dos múltiplos usos da água. A pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa foi desenvolvida com base em levantamento bibliográfico, documental e pesquisa de campo entre os anos de 2010 e 2018. Os resultados revelam que os conflitos em torno da atual dinâmica das atividades da agropecuária, do uso de terras; da indústria; da construção civil; do comércio e de outros serviços, dá-se de forma insustentável e compromete a oferta de água nas próximas décadas. Ao final, é apontado que o Estado, a partir das políticas de gestão de recursos hídricos, precisa desenvolver ações de forma integrada, visando à sustentabilidade socioambiental das bacias sergipanas e à minimização dos conflitos existentes.
Hierarchical Load Balancing Model by Optimal Resource Utilization
Authors: Patni Jagdish Chandra
Published: June 2019

Powerful computational capabilities and resource availability at a low cost is the utmost demand for high performance computing. The resources for computing can viewed as the edges of an interconnected grid. It can attain the capabilities of grid computing by balancing the load at various levels. Since the nature of resources are heterogeneous and distributed geographically, the grid computing paradigm in its original form cannot be used to meet the requirements, so it can use the capabilities of the cloud and other technologies to achieve the goal. Resource heterogeneity makes grid computing more dynamic and challenging. Therefore, in this article the problem of scalability, heterogeneity and adaptability of grid computing is discussed with a perspective of providing high computing, load balancing and availability of resources.
Urban Smart Block
Authors: Park Jae Wan , Choi Seungyeon
Published: June 2019

This article introduces Urban Smart Block as an integrated open IoT platform consisting of a smart block, a web-based system and a mobile application. Urban Smart Block provides users with various context information in urban environments. Also, based on the urban context information, Urban Smart Block serves as new touch points for enhancing ‘online-to-offline' (O2O) services in their urban environments. In this article, the authors present an approach, an overall system structure, and a data flow of Urban Smart Block. Also, they created several service scenarios to prove the validity of Urban Smart Block. Furthermore, the authors developed a prototype to prove the feasibility of Urban Smart Block. In future research, Urban Smart Block will be developed further, tested and evaluated.
Merging physiotherapy and occupational therapy training: A paradigm shift
Authors: M'kumbuzi V. R. P. , Eales C. J.
Published: June 2019

This paper is based on Stephen Covey’s work “The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People”, which is only one philosophical approach aimed at empowering people to achieve desired goals. It is therefore not a research article, neither does it suggest that Covey’s philosophy alone will lead to success, but rather, it is intended to offer a paradigm we need to consider and work within when applying any of the management theories to the joint training of occupational therapy and physiotherapy students. Naturally such a philosophical paradigm cannot stand alone in the practical implementation of a merger, however a discussion of the management theories and their strategies are beyond the scope of this paper. Therefore, while the ideas shared here are the products of a personal and professional conviction, and need to be read within this context, it may be worthwhile to consider the possible long-term implications to the training and development of professionals in the rehabilitation sciences.
Arithmetic and representation theory of wild character varieties
Authors: Hausel Tamás , Mereb Martin , Wong Michael Lennox
Published: June 2019

We count points over a finite field on wild character varieties of Riemann surfaces for singularities with regular semisimple leading term. The new feature in our counting formulas is the appearance of characters of Yokonuma–Hecke algebras. Our result leads to the conjecture that the mixed Hodge polynomials of these character varieties agree with the previously conjectured perverse Hodge polynomials of certain twisted parabolic Higgs moduli spaces, indicating the possibility of a

P=W

conjecture for a suitable wild Hitchin system.
Accuracy of a coupled mixed and Galerkin finite element approximation for poroelasticity
Authors: Barbeiro Sílvia
Published: June 2019

In this paper, we consider a combined mixed finite element and continuous Galerkin finite element formulation for a coupled flow and geomechanics model. We use the lowest order Raviart–Thomas finite elements for the spatial approximation of the flow variables and continuous piecewise linear finite elements for the deformation variable. This numerical approach appears to be a common choice in the existing reservoir engineering simulators. We focus on deriving error estimates in a discrete-in-time setting. Previous
a priori
error estimates described in the literature e.g. [2], [19], which are optimal, show first order convergence in space with respect to the

L^2

-norm for the pressure and for the average fluid velocity and also first order convergence in space with respect to the

H^1

-norm for the displacement. Here we prove one extra order of convergence for the displacement approximation with respect to the

L^2

-norm. We also demonstrate that, by including a post-processing step in the scheme, the order of convergence of the approximation of pressure can be improved. Even though this result is critical for deriving the

L^2

-norm error estimates for the approximation of the deformation variable, surprisingly the corresponding gain of one convergence order holds independently of including or not the post-processing step in the method.
Robust NVH Engineering Using Experimental Methods - Source Characterization Techniques for Component Transfer Path Analysis and Virtual Acoustic Prototyping
Authors: Wienen Kevin , Sturm Michael , Moorhouse Andy , Meggitt Joshua
Published: June 2019

A major challenge in automotive NVH engineering is to approach complex structure-borne sound and vibration problems with sufficient accuracy but reasonable experimental effort. Typical issues encountered are poor correlation between objective component performance criteria tested for during bench validation and corresponding subjective targets evaluated during system validation in the actual vehicle. Additional challenges arise from the need to impose assumptions on sophisticated physical vibration problems to reduce the complexity to a level feasible for conventional experimental test methods. This paper addresses all mentioned issues by elaborating on a system NVH engineering approach employing Virtual Acoustic Prototyping (VAP) (related to what is now often called component Transfer Path Analysis) to synthesize time domain sound and vibration responses of vibrating machinery operated in a virtual vehicle environment. One crucial step of VAP is to characterize the strength of vibrating machinery by independent quantities at the significant coupling degrees of freedom (DoF). This study puts special focus on the measurement of free velocity, suitable for machinery operated when resiliently mounted as per ISO 9611, and the in-situ measurement of blocked forces, applicable for sources connected to any type of receiving structure during operation, as per ISO/DIS 20270. In order to reduce complexity of the underlying measurements this paper investigates the possibility of using collocated sensor arrays and methods to validate assumptions imposed to abstract away from rotational coupling DoF. An electric power steering (EPS) system inducing vibrations into a sub-frame-type structure is considered as a representative automotive source-receiver installation to investigate the feasibility of free velocity and in-situ blocked force approach with respect to independent source characterization for component Transfer Path Analysis (TPA) and VAP. The obtained Virtual Acoustic Prototype is expanded using an algorithm to synthesize realistic time domain data, enabling NVH engineers to conduct reliable objective and subjective design evaluations.
Development of Impact Force 1D Model for Powertrain Component
Authors: Yoshimaru Yuma , Kondo Makoto , Omuro Yukie , Inaba Masashi
Published: June 2019

Electromagnetic valves excellent in sealing properties and resistant to sliding are often used in powertrain equipment installed in gasoline- or diesel-engine vehicles. An electromagnetic valve has the function of moving internal valve members by means of electromagnetic force generated by the application of a voltage and thereby changing the flow path. When an electromagnetic valve operates, however, the valve members impact with one another, emitting impact noise caused by it. With the requirement for low noise in electromagnetic valves having become stricter recently from the viewpoint of comfort in the passenger compartment, predicting the noise is needed at the design stage.

With this background, this paper describes the development of a 1D model of impact force that will enable the noise and the product performance to be examined simultaneously for a GDI (gasoline direct injection) high pressure pump. In contrast to the conventional model in which a movable member is taken as a mass point with a spring and a damper placed at the impact section, this paper proposes a technique in which a spring-mass model with plural mass points is defined a basis on an eigenvalue of the movable member, verifying both models using measurement. In comparison with the conventional model, the proposed model can more exactly calculate the eigenvalues each of the three impact states in the opening operation of an electromagnetic valve. This allows one to improve that the accuracy in calculating the time characteristics of the force.

This paper, in addition, gives cases of use of the developed model in studying the reduction of the force. Reducing the stiffness of the member exposed to impact force enabled the reduction in the high-frequency components of the force to be calculated with high precision, and the accompanying reduction in impact noise was confirmed on the actual machine.
The Influence of Connecting-Rod Specifications on the Combustion-Noise Generation from a Diesel Engine
Authors: Oguchi Hitoshi , Minato Koki , Seo Takehiko , Mikami Masato
Published: June 2019

We experimentally investigated the influence of shifting natural frequencies of the internal transmission system depending on the connecting-rod specifications on the characteristics of noise radiated from a single-cylinder diesel engine. We used FFT analysis to investigate the influence of shifting natural frequencies of the internal transmission system on the radiated noise characteristics. By changing the thinned portion of the connecting-rod, we confirmed that the natural frequency of the piston-connecting-rod-coupled vibration differed from another natural frequency of the engine structure, and thus the engine noise was reduced. This research studied the time-frequency characteristics of combustion impact and engine noise by wavelet analysis of in-cylinder pressure and sound pressure. We examined the vibration-transmission characteristics through the relationship between the maximum engine noise power and the maximum combustion energy in the same cycle for the main frequencies of combustion noise. Two types of connecting-rods were used: the original connecting-rod and a connecting rod that has a short-thinned portion (STP). By shortening the thinned portion of the connecting-rod, the natural frequency of the piston-connecting-rod-coupled vibration became around 2800 Hz from 2500 Hz, and the vibration transmission efficiency, η, around 2500 Hz became small. By shortening the thinned portion of the connecting-rod, the decay rate, c, around 2500 Hz became large while the decay rate around 2800 Hz did not change.
Capitalismo de Estado: a intervenção estatal nos negócios.
Authors: Dias Rodolfo Palazzo
Published: June 2019

Capitalismo de Estado: a intervenção estatal nos negócios.
Gênese, démarche e desenvolvimento da abordagem normativa em epistemologia
Authors: Loyolla Valdirlen Do Nascimento
Published: June 2019

O presente artigo tem como escopo principal mostrar a trajetória da abordagem normativa e suas diferentes variações temáticas diante dos mais diferentes ataques que esta tem sofrido ao longo da história da filosofia. Assim, busca-se tratar o itinerário filosófico-epistemológico acerca da abordagem normativa ou prescritiva do conhecimento desde as suas bases. A metodologia utilizada se estriba no método dialético, destacando no seio da própria abordagem normativa as diferentes concepções de normatividade e suas contraposições teóricas. A trilha metodológica utilizada centrou atenção na revisão bibliográfica de Platão, Descartes, Kant, Russell, Quine e Laudan, percorrendo as análises críticas concernentes aos aspectos epistemológicos normativos ao longo da história do conhecimento, fundamentalmente do conhecimento científico.
The anterior cingulate cortex projection to the dorsomedial striatum modulates hyperalgesia in a chronic constriction injury mouse model
Authors: Zhuang Xiuxiu , Huang Luping , Gu Yixiao , Wang Lu , Zhang Rong , Zhang Minyuan , Li Fei , Shi Yiyi , Mo Yunchang , Dai Qinxue , Wei Chaoyi , Wang Junlu
Published: June 2019

Introduction

The aim of the study was to study the role of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC)-dorsal midbrain striatum (DMS) in neuropathic pain in mice.

Material and methods

Optogenetics has been increasingly used in neuroscience research to selectively and precisely control the activity of a defined group of central neurons to determine their roles in behavioral functions in animals. The most important opsins are blue-sensitive ChR2 and yellow-sensitive NpHR. Calcium-calmodulin dependent protein kinase Iiα (CaMKIIα) is mostly expressed in the pyramidal excitatory neurons. Mice were injected with AAV2/9-CamKII-ChR2-mCherry, AAV2/9-CamKII-eNpHR3.0-GFP or AAV2/9-CamKII-mCherry virus in the ACC region, and the optical fiber implantation was performed in the ACC or DMS region. Mice were then followed up for 2 to 8 weeks and behavioral tests were carried out in the presence or absence of the blue/yellow light (473 nm/589 nm). Pain behavioral tests with or without the blue/yellow light at the same time were performed on the third and the seventh day after the chronic constriction injury of sciatic nerve model (CCI) was established. The pain thresholds of left and right hind limbs of mice in all groups were measured.

Results

No matter whether activating the neurons in ACC or DMS, compared with normal mice in the ChR2-off-right group, and the mCherry-on-right group, the thermal pain threshold and mechanical pain threshold of the normal mice in the ChR2-on-right group were significantly lower. When inhibiting the neurons in the ACC or DMS, on day 3 and day 7 after CCI operation, the thermal pain threshold and mechanical pain threshold of the CCI mice of the NpHR-on-right group were significantly higher compared with the NpHR-off-right and mCherry-on-right groups.

Conclusions

The anterior cingulate cortex-dorsal midbrain striatum may be involved in the regulation of neuropathic pain in mice.
MicroRNA-101 inhibits growth and metastasis of human ovarian cancer cells by targeting PI3K/AKT
Authors: Wei Min , Jin Hongjuan , Yang ShuLi , Li Zhuo , Wang Xinlei , Li LiXiang , Jia Yan , Cui ManHua
Published: June 2019

Introduction

Ovarian cancer is the most frequent cause of gynecological cancer related mortality in woman. This study was designed to investigate the role and therapeutic potential of miRNA-101 in ovarian cancer.

Material and methods

Expression analysis was carried out by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Transfections were performed with the help of Lipofectamine 2000 reagent. AO/EB and annexin V/PI staining was used to detect apoptosis and flow cytometry was used for cell cycle analysis. Western blotting was employed for cell cycle analysis.

Results

It was found that miRNA-101 was significantly down-regulated in ovarian cancer cells. The over-expression of miRNA-101 causes a significant decrease in the viability of ovarian cancer cells via the initiation of apoptosis and sub-G1 arrest of OVACAR-3 cells. It was indicated that PTEN was the potential target of miRNA-101 in OVACAR-3 cells. There was 4.5-fold up-regulation of PTEN expression in ovarian cancer cell lines and the over-expression of miRNA-101 in OVACAR-3 cells resulted in the down-regulation of PTEN expression. The inhibition of PTEN in the OVACAR-3 cells arrested the proliferation of these cells. The over-expression of miRNA-101 causes significant down-regulation in PI3K and AKT expression of OVACAR-3 cells.

Conclusions

It can be concluded that miRNA-101 acts as a tumor suppressor which may be beneficial in the treatment of ovarian cancer.
Levels of the macrophage migration inhibitory factor
and polymorphisms in systemic lupus erythematosus:
a meta-analysis
Authors: Sam Napoleon Bellua , Guan Shi-Yang , Wang Peng , Li Xiao-Mei , Wang De-Guang , Pan Hai-Feng , Ye Dong-Qing
Published: June 2019

Introduction

Several published results have established variations in respect to plasma/serum macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) levels and gene polymorphisms with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study gave a more concise estimation on the MIF levels for SLE patients and established the association between MIF polymorphisms and SLE.

Material and methods

All articles were searched from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Wan-Fang, Chinese Biological Medical Literature, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure up to 6th October 2017, with no language restriction. Pooled standard mean difference with 95% conﬁdence interval was evaluated using random effect model. Thirteen articles were used for this meta-analysis, with 620 SLE patients and 779 healthy controls assessed for MIF levels, and 2,159 SLE patients and 2,574 healthy controls considered for MIF-173 C/G and MIF-794 CATT polymorphisms.

Results

There was a significant higher MIF levels in SLE patients than in healthy controls (p = 0.004). The subgroup analysis showed Asians and ages < 30 had higher MIF levels in SLE patients than in healthy controls. It was evident that patients with systemic lupus erythematosus diseases activity index scores < 8 and ≥ 8, and disease duration for both year < 5 and ≥ 5 of SLE had higher MIF levels when compared to healthy controls. We found a signiﬁcant association between SLE and MIF-173 C/G, but not MIF-794 CATT.

Conclusions

This study provided evidence of significant higher MIF levels in SLE patients and supported the association of MIF-173 C/G and SLE. However, we were not able to establish an association between MIF-794 CATT and SLE.
Sun photometer retrievals of Saharan dust properties over Barbados during SALTRACE
Authors: Toledano Carlos , Torres Benjamín , Velasco-Merino Cristian , Althausen Dietrich , Groß Silke , Wiegner Matthias , Weinzierl Bernadett , Gasteiger Josef , Ansmann Albert , González Ramiro , Mateos David , Farrel David , Müller Thomas , Haarig Moritz , Cachorro Victoria E.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. The Saharan Aerosol Long-range Transport and Aerosol-Cloud-Interaction Experiment (SALTRACE) was devoted to the investigation of Saharan dust properties over the Caribbean. The campaign took place in June–July 2013. A wide set of ground-based and airborne aerosol instrumentation was deployed at Barbados island for a comprehensive experiment. Several sun photometers performed measurements during this campaign: two AERONET Cimel sun photometers and the Sun and Sky Automatic Radiometer (SSARA). The sun photometers were co-located with the ground-based multi-wavelength lidars BERTHA and POLIS. Aerosol properties derived from direct sun and sky radiance observations are analyzed, and a comparison with the co-located lidar and in-situ data is provided. The time series of aerosol optical depth allows identifying successive dust events with short periods in between in which the marine background conditions were observed. Moderate aerosol optical depth in the range 0.3 to 0.6 was found during the dust periods. The sun photometer infrared channel at 1640 nm wavelength was used in the retrieval to investigate possible improvements and expected larger sensitivity to coarse particles. The comparison between column (AOD) and surface (dust concentration) data demonstrates the connection between the Saharan Air Layer and the boundary layer in the Caribbean region, as it is shown by the synchronized detection of the successive dust events in both data sets. However the comparison of size distributions derived from sun photometer data and in-situ observations reveal the difficulties to carry out a column closure study.
High DMS and monoterpene emitting big leaf Mahogany trees:
discovery of a missing DMS source to the atmospheric environment
Authors: Vettikkat Lejish , Sinha Vinayak , Datta Savita , Kumar Ashish , Hakkim Haseeb , Yadav Priya , Sinha Baerbel
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Biogenic volatile organic compounds exert a strong influence on regional air quality and climate through their roles in the chemical formation of ozone and fine mode aerosol. Dimethyl sulphide (DMS), in particular, can also impact cloud formation and the radiative budget as it produces sulfate aerosols upon atmospheric oxidation. Recent studies have reported DMS emissions from terrestrial sources , however their magnitudes have been too low to account for the observed ecosystem scale DMS fluxes. Big-leaf Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) is an agro-forestry and natural forest tree known for it good quality timber and listed under the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES). It is widely grown in several South American, Central American, North American and Asian atmospheric environments (> 2.4 million km2 collectively). Here, we investigated emissions of monoterpenes, isoprene and DMS as well as seasonal carbon assimilation from four big-leaf Mahogany trees in their natural outdoor environment using a dynamic branch cuvette system, high sensitivity proton transfer reaction mass spectrometer and cavity ring down spectrometer. The emissions were characterized in terms of environmental response functions such as temperature, radiation and physiological growth phases including leaf area over the course of four seasons (summer, monsoon, post-monsoon, winter) in 2018–19. We discovered remarkably high emissions of DMS (average in post monsoon: ~ 19 ng/g leaf dry weight/hr) relative to previous known tree DMS emissions, high monoterpenes (average in monsoon: ~ 15 µg/g leaf dry weight/hr which are comparable to oak trees) and low emissions of isoprene. Distinct linear relationships existed in the emissions of all three BVOCs with higher emissions during the reproductive phase (monsoon and post-monsoon seasons) and lower emissions in the vegetative phase (summer and winter seasons) for the same amount of cumulative assimilated carbon. Temperature and PAR dependency of the BVOC emissions enabled formulation of a new parametrization for use in global BVOC emission models. Finally, using the measured seasonal fluxes, we provide the first estimates for the global emissions from Mahogany trees which amount to circa 210–320 Gg yr−1 for monoterpenes, 370–550 Mg yr−1 for DMS and 1700–2600 Mg yr−1 for isoprene. Finally, through the results obtained in this study, we have been able to discover and identify Mahogany as one of the missing natural sources of ambient DMS over the Amazon rainforest as well. These new emission findings, seasonal patterns, and estimates will be useful for initiating new studies to further improve the global BVOC terrestrial budget.
Aerosol size distributions during the Atmospheric Tomography Mission (ATom): methods, uncertainties, and data products
Authors: Brock Charles A. , Williamson Christina , Kupc Agnieszka , Froyd Karl D. , Erdesz Frank , Wagner Nicholas , Richardson Matthews , Schwarz Joshua P. , Gao Ru-Shan , Katich Joseph M. , Campuzano-Jost Pedro , Nault Benjamin A. , Schroder Jason C. , Jimenez Jose L. , Weinzierl Bernadett , Dollner Maximilian , Bui ThaoPaul , Murphy Daniel M.
Published: June 2019

Abstract. From 2016 to 2018 a DC-8 aircraft operated by the US National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) made four series of flights,
profiling the atmosphere from 180 m to ∼12 km above sea level (km a.s.l.)
from the Arctic to the Antarctic over both the Pacific and Atlantic oceans.
This program, the Atmospheric Tomography Mission (ATom), sought to sample
the troposphere in a representative manner, making measurements of
atmospheric composition in each season. This paper describes the
aerosol microphysical measurements and derived quantities obtained during
this mission. Dry size distributions from 2.7 nm to 4.8 µm in
diameter were measured in situ at 1 Hz using a battery of instruments: 10
condensation particle counters with different nucleation diameters, two
ultra-high-sensitivity aerosol size spectrometers (UHSASs), one of which
measured particles surviving heating to 300 ∘C, and a laser
aerosol spectrometer (LAS). The dry aerosol measurements were complemented
by size distribution measurements from 0.5 to 930 µm diameter at
near-ambient conditions using a cloud, aerosol, and precipitation
spectrometer (CAPS) mounted under the wing of the DC-8. Dry aerosol number,
surface area, and volume, and optical scattering and asymmetry parameters at
several wavelengths from the near-UV to the near-IR ranges were calculated from the
measured dry size distributions (2.7 nm to 4.8 µm). Dry aerosol mass
was estimated by combining the size distribution data with particle density
estimated from independent measurements of aerosol composition with a
high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometer and a single-particle soot
photometer. We describe the instrumentation and fully document the aircraft
inlet and flow distribution system, the derivation of uncertainties, and the
calculation of data products from combined size distributions. Comparisons
between the instruments and direct measurements of some aerosol properties
confirm that in-flight performance was consistent with calibrations and
within stated uncertainties for the two deployments analyzed. The unique
ATom dataset contains accurate, precise, high-resolution in situ
measurements of dry aerosol size distributions, and integral parameters, and
estimates and measurements of optical properties, for particles < 4.8 µm in diameter that can be used to evaluate aerosol abundance and
processes in global models.
Measurements of aerosols and charged particles on the BEXUS18 stratospheric balloon
Authors: Brattich Erika , Serrano Castillo Encarnación , Giulietti Fabrizio , Renard Jean-Baptiste , Tripathi Sachi N. , Ghosh Kunal , Berthet Gwenael , Vignelles Damien , Tositti Laura
Published: June 2019

Abstract. This paper describes the aerosol measurement setup and
results obtained during the BEXUS18 (Balloon-borne Experiments for University Students) stratospheric balloon within the
A5-Unibo (Advanced Atmospheric Aerosol Acquisition and Analysis)
experiment performed on 10 October 2014 in northern Sweden (Kiruna).
The experimental setup was designed and developed by the University of
Bologna with the aim of collecting and analyzing vertical profiles of
atmospheric ions and particles together with atmospheric parameters
(temperature, relative humidity, and pressure) all along the stratospheric
ascent of the BEXUS18 stratospheric balloon. Particle size distributions
were measured with the MeteoModem Light Optical Aerosol Counter (LOAC) and
air ion density was measured with a set of two commercial and portable ion
counters. Though the experimental setup was based upon relatively low-cost
and light-weight sensors, vertical profiles of all the parameters up to an
altitude of about 27 km were successfully collected. The results obtained
are useful for elucidating the relationships between aerosols and charged
particles between ground level and the stratosphere, with great potential in
collecting and adding useful information in this field, also in the
stratosphere where such measurements are rare. In particular, the equipment
detected coherent vertical profiles for particles and ions, with a
particularly strong correlation between negative ions and fine particles,
possibly resulting from proposed associations between cosmic rays and ions
as previously suggested. In addition, the detection of charged aerosols in
the stratosphere is in agreement with the results obtained by a previous
flight and with simulations conducted with a stratospheric ion–aerosol
model. However, further measurements under stratospheric balloon flights
equipped with a similar setup are needed to reach general conclusions about
such important issues.
Seismic detection and tracking of avalanches and slush flows on Mt. Fuji, Japan
Authors: Pérez-Guillén Cristina , Tsunematsu Kae , Nishimura Kouichi , Issler Dieter
Published: June 2019

Abstract. Avalanches are often released at the dormant stratovolcano Mt. Fuji, which is the highest mountain of Japan (3776 m a.s.l.). These avalanches exhibit different flow types, from typical dry-snow avalanches in winter to slush flows triggered by heavy rainfall in late winter to early spring. Avalanches from different flanks represent a major natural hazard as they can reach large dimensions with run-out distances up to four kilometres, regularly destroy parts of the forest and sometimes damage infrastructure. For monitoring the volcanic activity of Mt. Fuji, a permanent and dense seismic network is installed around the volcano. The small distance between the seismic sensors and the volcano flank (
Die Blasiertheit der Städter*innen – Vom routinierten Umgang mit alltäglicher Komplexität
Authors: Berding Nina
Published: June 2019

Abstract. In everyday life, people will act pragmatically. Continuing their routines as they move through the urban space. To enable people to deal with the everyday complexities and diversity of everyday life, people develop routines to help simplify their existence. These daily routines contain distinctive processes and a certain “blasé attitude” to normal or trivial behavior. Using the example of my ethnographic research at Düsseldorf-Oberbilk it could be argued that this kind of behavior repertoire is crucial for successfully dealing with diversity and complexity of urban life.