bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phylogenetic Relationships within Monotropoideae (Ericaceae): Implications for Taxonomy and Character Evolution
Authors: Freudenstein John V. , Broe Michael B.
Published: August 2024

Abstract— Monotropoideae (Ericaceae) is a wholly leafless and holomycotrophic group of primarily temperate herbs with centers of diversity in western North America and east Asia. The eleven genera are structurally diverse and also vegetatively reduced, making relationships
difficult to assess based on morphology. Previous molecular analyses have focused primarily on segments of the ribosomal RNA repeat and yielded sometimes conflicting topologies. We employed a genomic sampling approach to obtain 102 nuclear loci and plastid coding loci for nine of the genera,
as well as sampling ITS-26S and plastid rps2 for a broader set of accessions via PCR and Sanger sequencing. Data filtering for character completeness had a clear effect on relationships and branch support. Nuclear and plastid loci agree on a topology that resolves Allotropa and
Hemitomes as sisters and Monotropsis sister to Eremotropa+Monotropa+Monotropastrum, relationships that were unclear from previous analyses. Hypopitys should be recognized as distinct from Monotropa, with previous ambiguity in rps2 relationships
here explained by the existence of plastid and mitochondrial paralogs. Comparison of branch lengths between nuclear and plastid loci reveals increased rates of change in plastid sequences in most cases, especially in Monotropsis and Monotropa, but the reverse situation in Pityopus,
with nuclear branches being unusually long, possibly indicating cryptic diversity. Parallel shifts in plant form to a ground-level floral display correlate with shifts from capsular to berry fruits and reduction in species ranges. The optimal tree from molecular data requires significant parallelism
and/or reversal in morphological features due to the placement of Allotropa and Hemitomes.
Beilschmiedia mengwangensis (Lauraceae), a New Species from Southwest China
Authors: Peng Xiao-bin , Liu Zhi-fang , Li Jian-wu , Li Lang , Li Jie
Published: August 2024

Abstract— Beilschmiedia mengwangensis, a new species of Beilschmiedia (Lauraceae) from Yunnan Province, Southwest China, is here described and illustrated based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence. The new species is morphologically similar
and phylogenetically closely related to Beilschmiedia brachythyrsa. However, it can be distinguished from Beilschmiedia brachythyrsa by having larger fruits, longer and thicker fruiting pedicels, larger leaf blades, and more lateral veins. Taxonomic keys for identification are
also provided in this study.
Dubautia haupuensis, a New Species of the Hawaiian Silversword Alliance (Compositae‐Madiinae) From Hāupu, an Isolated, Endemic-Rich Mountain of Kauai
Authors: Baldwin Bruce G. , Wood Kenneth R. , Fawcett Susan
Published: August 2024

Abstract— Dubautia haupuensis is newly described from windswept ridgelines near the summit of Hāupu, in an isolated range noted for floristic endemism on Kauai, in the Hawaiian Islands, where only two clusters of plants are currently known. Based
on molecular phylogenetic data, this highly endangered shrub of the Hawaiian silversword alliance belongs to a recently resolved clade of endemic Kauai taxa, mostly from wet or bog habitats, including D. imbricata subsp. acronaea, D. imbricata subsp. imbricata,
D. kalalauensis, D. kenwoodii, D. laevigata, D. syndetica, and D. waialealae. Unlike its close relatives and other members of Dubautia, D. haupuensis has the following unique combination of morphological characteristics: well-branched shrubs
with leaves opposite, sessile, and glabrous, leaf venation ± parallelodromous, with 5 to 9 basal nerves, capitulescences densely corymbiform to paniculiform, peduncles hirsute, peduncular bracts lance-linear to ovate, with faces glabrous and margins ciliate, heads 7- to 12-flowered,
paleate throughout, the paleae each partially clasping a floret, with faces glabrous and distal margins ciliate, corolla tube/throat sessile-glandular, the throat dilated ≤ 2 × tube width, and pappus ± equaling corolla, of 20 to 31 setiform to narrowly subulate, densely ciliate
scales, the cilia < 0.5 mm long. It also is distinguished from all other taxa of the silversword alliance by diagnostic nuclear ribosomal DNA nucleotide states. Six of the seven taxa that constitute a clade with D. haupuensis have highly restricted distributions on
Kauai and are of significant conservation concern, as reflected by listing of most of them as Endangered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Dubautia haupuensis is also exceedingly rare and in need of immediate conservation action to prevent its extinction. Invasive plants (especially
melastomes), potential ungulate activity, lack of opportunity for outcrossing, and any mortality from stochastic events are major threats to the species, in addition to possible impacts of anthropogenic climate change.
Reconstructing the Phylogeny of Calliandra sect. Androcallis (Fabaceae): Inclusion of Colombian Species, with a Focus on the Enigmatic Taxon Calliandra medellinensis
Authors: Arias Tatiana , Saldarriaga Juan David , Arenas-Castro Henry , Idárraga-Piedrahita Álvaro , López-Alvarez Norberto , Tovar Luque Eduardo , Torres-Morales Germán , Gonzalez Mailyn A. , Soto-Calderón Iván Darío
Published: August 2024

Abstract— Until now, phylogenetic relationships for the genus Calliandra section Androcallis (Fabaceae) were unresolved. We reconstructed the phylogeny of the section, including previously sequenced species from Central and South America and unexamined
species from Colombia. Here, we generated 80 novel DNA sequences of Calliandra species from Colombia for the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the chloroplast trnL and trnL-F intergenic spacer. By incorporating a broader taxonomic sampling, the relationships
among main clades in C. sect. Androcallis were clarified, providing a systematics framework in which to test evolutionary hypotheses. Phylogenetic analysis recovered four well-supported clades within C. sect. Androcallis. Relationships among the four to five major
clades, contingent upon the inclusion of C. sect. microcallis, are strongly supported for the first time. Most species within each clade had similar geographical distributions. However, core C. sect. Androcallis relationships, including most species from Colombia
sequenced here, remain unclear. A second goal of this study was to determine the taxonomic status of Calliandra medellinensis. This enigmatic taxon emblematic of Medellín, Colombia, is found in limited numbers within the Aburrá Valley and no populations have been found
in the field. For that reason, it has been proposed to be a hybrid taxon. Here, C. magdalenae and C. haematocephala were not monophyletic within the core C. sect. Androcallis clade, while results concerning the monophyly of C. medellinensis are not conclusive.
More informative molecular markers should be used in future studies to the determine the status of species for these taxa. Specifically, genomic studies should assess interspecific hybridization demographic models. Such insights can illuminate the C. medellinensis origin, guiding conservation
strategies and providing valuable evolutionary overviews.
Paraphlomis octopus (Lamiaceae), A New Species from Southern China
Authors: Jiang Xin-Yu , Chen Ya-Ping , Yuan Lang-Xing , Lei Chun-Yi , Liu Ying , Fan Qiang
Published: August 2024

Abstract— Paraphlomis octopus (Lamiaceae), a new species from the limestone area in Guangdong and Guangxi, China, is described and illustrated. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on two nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences revealed that the new species is
sister to P. pagantha, and the two species is further sister to P. kwangtungensis. All three species were further embedded within a clade consisting of species with hairy ovaries or nutlets. Morphologically, the new species can be distinguished from P. kwangtungensis in
its acute apex of calyx tooth, from P. pagantha in its strongly reflexed lower corolla lip, and from both species in its inflorescence with peduncle-like stalks, and wider upper corolla lip. Based on extensive field survey, we also found that the type locality of P. kwangtungensis
has long been misrecorded as eastern Guangdong in floras. The species is now only known from its actual type locality in Fengwan Town, northern Guangdong. A key to all species with hairy ovaries and nutlets is provided.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF FULLY DEVELOPED TURBULENT FLOW IN INTERNALLY FINNED TUBES
Authors: Tu Yi-Ping , Lin Hsu-Te , Yeh Rong-Hua
Published: August 2024

A steady, hydrodynamically and thermally fully developed turbulent water flow in internally finned tubes with constant-heat-flux boundary condition is investigated experimentally. In this experiment, 70°C hot water passes the inner tube while 20°C cold water flows through the annulus passage. In order to eliminate thermal contact resistance, the circular tube having a length of 1400 mm with inner fins is directly milled from a cylinder. Apart from a smooth tube, three internal-finned-tube heat exchangers having 4, 6, and 8 longitudinal trapezoidal fins are tested. For Re = 5000, the tested tubes with 4, 6, and 8 fins can improve thermal performance by approximately 35.4, 44.6, and 67.2%, respectively, but merely increase friction factor by 1.92, 4.8, and 6.73%, respectively, compared to a smooth tube. The increases with respect to to a smooth tube in both Nu and f become smaller at a higher Re for N = 4, 6, and 8. As pressure drop, increases, the Q of the tested finned tubes first grows rapidly, and this growth curve gradually becomes flatter at a higher ΔP. Consequently, the heat-transfer performance will become worse as ΔP > 3.5 kPa for the proposed heat exchangers. Additionally, the performance evaluation criterion (PEC) is proposed to assess the performances of the proposed internally finned tubes. It is shown that the heat exchanger with 8 fins has the best thermo-hydraulic performance. Finally, correlating equations for Nu and f with respect to Re are presented for a range of 3000 ≤ Re ≤ 7250 and N = 0, 4, 6, and 8.
Determination of Potential Distribution Areas of Quercus cerris (Turkish oak) in Anatolia According to Climate Change Scenarios
Authors: İkiel Cercis
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study is to determine the potential suitable distribution areas for Quercus cerris in the future depending on climate change scenarios. For this purpose, current spatial distribution data and 19 bioclimatic variable data downloaded from the WorldClim 2.1 database were used. The bioclimatic variable data consist of the climate data for the 2081-2100 period belonging to the SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios of the MIROC6 climate model with resolution of 2.5 arc-minutes. PCA was applied to bioclimatic variable data. MaxEnt 3.4.1 and ArcGIS 10.5 software were used to generate the models. The accuracy of the models was measured as 0.79 accuracy with the AUC test value. The variables that contributed the most to the model were BIO4 (temperature seasonality) with 39.8%, BIO9 (mean temperature of driest quarter) with 26.7%.
According to the results, it is predicted that the spatial distribution of this species unsuitable habitat areas, which is 25.9% today, will increase by 54.1% according to the SSP 245 scenario and by 80.2% according to the SSP 585 scenario. While the suitable habitat areas for Q. cerris in Anatolia are 33.2% today, they will change in a decreasing direction in the future by 11.6% according to the SSP 245 scenario and 14.0% according to the SSP 585 scenario. In addition to the direct impact of climate change scenarios on Q. cerris, when changes in land use are taken into account, the current distribution areas and suitable distribution areas of the species should be preserved with sustainable development goals
Impact of Iron Clamps and Dowels on the Vulnerability of Ancient Masonry Walls
Authors: Gençer Funda
Published: August 2024

Various masonry wall organization techniques were used in ancient Anatolian buildings depending on the local characteristics and the kind of stone used in the region. Traces of iron clamps or dowels can be seen on numerous ancient walls. This study's main goals are to ascertain the impact of iron clamps and dowels on the vulnerability of various ancient wall organizations in Anatolia and investigate potential relationships between wall organization types and clamp or dowel usage. Another study objective is to gather information about using metal connectors for restoration or anastylosis studies in archaeological sites.
First, a site analysis was performed on ancient cities to document various types of masonry. Four types of walls, namely isodomic, isodomic with header and stretcher, pseudo isodomic, and isodomic in alternation header and stretcher row were determined. Quasi-static tilt analysis was performed on 3D models of walls without clamps and dowels, with clamps, and with dowels to compare the failure mechanisms of the wall types.
As a result, the wall type with the highest strength gain when metal connectors were utilized in the analysis was isodomic organization, which also includes numerous traces of clamps and dowels in ancient cities. This indicates that knowledge was gained because of experiences against lateral loads at that time. This information is not only significant in terms of understanding the history of architecture but also provides data to reinforce ancient walls during conservation work.
Yüzer temelli açık deniz rüzgâr santralleri için ÇKKV yöntemleriyle uygun liman seçimi vaka analizi: Türkiye örneği
Authors: Canat Ayşe Nuray , Özkan Coşkun
Published: August 2024

Yenilenebilir enerji dallarından biri olan açık deniz rüzgâr santrallerinin optimum hizmet verebilmesi, düşük maliyetli ve yüksek faydalı olması için kurulum, işletim ve bakım aşamalarının enerji santraline yakın bir lokasyonda uygun limanda yapılması gerekmektedir. Bu liman seçimi işleminde, kurulumu sağlanacak türbin yapısına göre limanların sahip olması gereken kriterler farklılaşmaktadır. Literatürde yüzer temelli rüzgâr türbinleri için liman yeri seçimine ilişkin yapılmış herhangi bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, yüzer temelli rüzgâr türbinlerinin denizdeki yaşam döngüleri için limanların sahip olması gereken özellikler literatürdeki çalışmalar incelenerek elde edilmiştir. Uygun limanların seçimi için Tam Tutarlılık Yöntemi (FUCOM- FUll COnsistency Method), En İyi- En Kötü Yöntemi (BWM- Best Worst Method), Ortak Ağırlıklandırma Yöntemi ve Alternatiflerin İdeal Çözüme Olan Uzaklıklarına Göre Uzlaşma Sıralaması yaklaşımı (CRADIS- Compromise Ranking of Alternatives from Distance to Ideal Solution) kullanılarak karar verme sürecine katkıda bulunulmuştur. Diğer ÇKKV (Çok kriterli karar verme) yöntemleri ile karşılaştırmalı analiz yapılarak uygun liman seçiminin yapılması sağlanmıştır. Çalışmada, liman özelliklerinin en az asgari düzeyde sağlanması gerektiği için Türkiye’deki konteyner ve Ro-Ro limanlar kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada Karadeniz bölgesinde bulunan Samsunport her üç liman tipi (terminal, servis ve yanıt) için en uygun liman olduğu bulunmuştur. Bileşen üretim tesisine sahip olması kriteri yüzer temelli açık deniz enerji santrali terminal liman seçimi için en önemli kriter olarak bulunmuştur.
Pre-scaling up of Desho grass technologies at highlands of Guji Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia
Authors: Basha Kebede , Tekle Bobo , Girma Amare
Published: August 2024

Forage production is fundamental for livestock production. This activity was conducted to increase the production of improved Desho grasses, to increase wider demand for desho grass technologies, and to strengthen stakeholders’ linkage on desho grass production. In the 2022/23 and 2023/24 seasons, 64 farmers were selected from eight kebeles in Bore, Arda Jila Mea Boko, and Ana Sora districts, based on their livestock and desho grass production. Kindo Kosha DZF No# 591 and Areka DZF No# 590 improved desho grasses were pre-scaled with the recommended 50cm between rows and 10cm tillers, and 100 kg/ha NPS fertilizer was applied during planting, followed by 50 kg/ha UREA after establishment of the tillers. Desho grasses were promoted in areas ranging from 100 m2 to 400 m2. Training and a mini-field day were used to promote Desho grasses. Plot cover, plant height, regeneration, fresh biomass, and survival rate were collected through interviews and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings revealed that the Kindo Kosha DZF No# 591 variety (3.98) covered the land more than Areka DZF No# 590 (3.51). The higher plant height was recorded from Kindo Kosha DZF No# 591 (95.83 cm), followed by Areka DZF No# 590 (82.95 cm). Regenerations following harvest can provide more feed from fixed land. Farmers reported that Kindo Kosha DZF No# 591 and Areka DZF No# 590 varieties have 90.91% and 84.61% regeneration capacity, respectively. The Kindo Kosha DZF No# 591 variety has a higher survival rate (91.13%) than the Areka DZF No# 590 variety (87.22%). The grasses performed well in terms of fresh biomass yield, plot coverage, plant height, regeneration capability, and survival rate on farmers' fields and their production can help to alleviate feed shortages in the highlands of the Guji zone. As a result, Kindo Kosha DZF No# 591 and Areka DZF No# 590 desho grasses should be disseminated to highland areas of the Guji zone.
Permaculture Resource System: An Activity Analysis in a Situation of Ecological Complexity toward a Didactics Perspective
Authors: Bourmaud Gaëtan , Chiron Thibault , Fleury Jean , Munoz Grégory
Published: August 2024

Analysis of the instrumental activity of permaculture reconsiders the link between man and his environment, and puts forward the idea of working in partnership with living things, notably through the notion of substitution. From this more systemic, holistic, and dynamic perspective on work, an approach is proposed that combines the contributions of the instrumental approach with those of professional didactics. This approach, known as MSAIST (Methodology for Situational Analysis with Instrument Systems for Training), is a research intervention based on the co-analysis of the instrumented activity of actors, with a view to individual and collective development.
Field Data Collection Protocols for NIJ Grant The Impact of Drugs on Human Decomposition and the Postmortem Interval: Insect, Scavenger and Microbial Evidence v1
Authors: S. McKee-Zech Hayden , A. Patrick Erin , Owings Charity , T Schwing Sarah , Delgado Thomas , May Amanda , Debruyn Jennifer , Campagna Shawn , W Steadman Dawnie
Published: August 2024

The following is the data collection protocols for the National Institute of Justice funded grant "The Impact of Drugs on Human Decomposition and the Postmortem Interval: Insect, Scavenger and Microbial Evidence" (DOJ-NIJ-2018-DU-BX-0180). These protocols include those for anthropology, soil sciences, and chemistry field sampling events. This project was designed to examine the range of effects on decomposition of common drugs ingested by human donors through prime decomposers (e.g., scavengers, insects and microbes).
NEXTTEC 96 WELL PLATE DNA Extraction EFGL v1
Authors: GeneticsLab EagleFish
Published: August 2024

The purpose of this extraction protocol is to prepare a DNA sample for later pipeline processing, such as our GT-seq protocol EFGL, SANGER Sequencing EFGL, or RADSeq protocol EFGL. DNA extraction at EFGL occurs via tissue sampling (usually from fin clips in ethanol vials, coin envelopes, or on Whatman sheets), a Proteinase K digestion, then the solution is filtered through a Nexttec Cleanplate. Upon completion of this protocol you will have a lysate solution that contains accessible DNA for amplification and sequencing.
Home made SM 100bp DNA ladder for agarose gel v1
Authors: Mauger Stéphane
Published: August 2024

The SM 100pb DNA Ladder is a standard size marker equivalent to the Fisher’s O'RangeRuler‱ 100 pb DNA Ladder (#SM0623). The SM 100pb Ladder allows to determine the size of double-stranded DNA fragments between 100 bp and 1500 bp and it is composed of 15 double-stranded DNA fragments of 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1100, 1200, 1300, 1400 and 1500 bp. Like the O'RangeRuler 100 bp, the SM 100 bp gives more intense bands at 500, 1000 and 1500 bp. At the end, the SM 100 pb DNA Ladder is 25 times cheaper than the O'RangeRuler 100 pb.
DAB Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Staining for Stereological Analysis v1
Authors: Giguère Nicolas , Trudeau louis-eric.trudeau
Published: August 2024

DAB (3,3'-diaminobenzidine) is oxidized in the presence of peroxidase and hydrogen peroxide resulting in the deposition of a brown, alcohol-insoluble precipitate at the site of enzymatic activity.DAB (3, 3'-diaminobenzidine) produces a dark brown reaction product and can be used for immunohistochemical and applications. This protocol details the DAB immunohistochemistry staining for stereological analysis of 40 µM slices cut with cryostat and stored in antifreeze.
Protocol for the production and storage of Diplodia sapinea pycnidiospores v1
Authors: Geertje Oostlander Anne , Brodde Laura
Published: August 2024

An efficient, standardized protocol for the production and storage of highly viable pycnidiospores of Diplodia sapinea.
Immunofluorescence Staining and High Content Imaging v1
Authors: Sirkin David , Tracy Gregory , Zhang Hanwen , Peyton Lilia , McCarroll Ada , Duan Jubao
Published: August 2024

This protocol offers a description of immunofluorescence staining and high content imaging of iPSC induced neurons using the ImageXpress Micro Confocal High-Content Imaging System (Molecular Devices, San Jose, CA).
Turismo regenerativo: Expectativas a priori de valor de consumo tras un primer contacto con el concepto
Authors: Corral-Gonzalez Lariza , Cavazos-Arroyo Judith , García-Mestanza Josefa
Published: August 2024

Tourists often create expectations of what it would be like to experience a certain touristic offer long before enjoying it, and those expectations are, to a large extent, what influences the consumption decision, as well as their subsequent experience and evaluation. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to investigate the consumption value expectations specific to regenerative tourism experiences, developed after a first approach with the concept. This research adopts a qualitative methodology with exploratory purposes. Data collection is conducted by employing a semi-structured interview technique, with a population of interest composed of individuals of Mexican origin, self-declared as tourism enthusiasts, belonging to the generational cohort known as millennials. The results identify nine regenerative tourism consumption value expectations by potential tourists, who find compensating for unwanted effects, the perceived versatility of these experiences, emotional gratification, well-being, protagonism, an increase in social status, the uniqueness of this type of experiences, learning, and lifestyle adherence as desirable expected consequences of consuming this tourism product. These results have helped clarify the relationship between interest in the common good and one's own, a mix that appears to guide the behavior of millennial consumers, promising to contribute to the success of the promising paradigm of regenerative tourism, which promotes a win-win mentality for all stakeholders.
Participación activa y pasiva. Diferencias en la experiencialidad y memorabilidad de experiencias de turismo gastronómico
Authors: Noyola-Aguilar Lilia Yolanda , Pasaco-González Bárbara Sofía , Campón-Cerro Ana María , Hernández-Mogollón José Manuel
Published: August 2024

The concept of participation has acquired great relevance in the tourism sector, since it helps companies to customize services according to the specific needs of consumers, thus generating a unique experience. Tourist participation can occur at different stages of the consumption process, and can be both active and passive. The distinction between these two categories of participation can make a difference in the type of experience offered and in the subsequent perceptions of visitors. Despite this, little attention has been paid to examining tourist participation in its different facets and how each influences the tourism experience. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyse the tourism experience from the point of view of active and passive participation, and aims to address the differences in the valuation of the experience according to these two types of participation. To achieve this objective, this paper focuses on the field of gastronomic tourism and applies a quantitative methodology based on a face-to-face survey. The final sample is composed of 374 individuals who have participated in tequila tourism experiences carried out in the Municipality of Tequila, Mexico. The results show that the valuation of the experience differs according to the level of participation of the tourist, and that a greater active participation of tourists results in an increase in the experientiality and memorability of the tourism activities.
Re-Conceptualizing Information System Usage as Usage by (Increasingly Automated) Work Systems
Authors: Alter Steven ,   University of San Francisco
Published: August 2024

The increasing automation of work and increasing reliance on autonomous devices and systems calls for re-conceptualizing information system usage. Thinking of IS usage as the hands-on use of computerized devices through interfaces is increasingly inadequate where roles and responsibilities are delegated to IT-enabled devices and systems that may operate autonomously and may not interact directly with users. This paper’s new IS usage theory (ISUT) consists of three axioms and 12 underlying assumptions that apply to IS usage for nontrivial sociotechnical and totally automated work systems. A background section includes the rationale for pursuing a new view of IS usage and basic concepts related to systems, information systems, work system theory (WST) and the ISUT’s boundary conditions. A summary of selected research articles related to IS usage emphasizes how central ideas in those articles diverge from the ISUT’s underlying assumptions and may not suffice for describing increasingly automated work practices. A two-dimensional agent responsibility framework facilitates the application of the ISUT’s system-oriented view of IS usage by combining a spectrum of IS roles and a series of facets of work. Four illustrative real-world examples demonstrate the practical application of the ISUT. The conclusion emphasizes this paper’s motivation, theory creation process, theory presentation and content, and contribution.
Ideals in Law and Law in Ideology: The History of Domestic Sovereignty
Authors: Korolev P. E.
Published: August 2024

The author analyzes the problem of the multidimensional concept of domestic sovereignty, the ratio of compulsory state ideology and national idea. To study the question posed from different perspectives the author applies the most important provisions of the theory of state and law, as well as the methodology of historical and legal analysis. It seems that sovereignty is an integral feature of any power that has gone all the chronological way from understanding its own identity to ethnic identity. On the one hand, this is the supremacy of state power in the indivisible territories of a multinational federation. On the other hand, the independence and inalienability of sovereignty make up its external side, which is seen in the relations of the state with world communities. By delegating its autonomy to another, the power risks losing its freedom. Nevertheless, it should be remembered that the essence of sovereignty and unlimited state power are very different, because the latter in a democratic society should be based on law and be limited by it. This idea is directly combined with the basis of constitutionalism, which solves the problem of the coexistence of moral and ethical aspects of the norms of justice and the power of legislation. The centuries-old history of the Russian Federation as a civilization with an extensive material and spiritual heritage, recognizing ideological diversity, proves the primacy of popular sovereignty in relation to the State. The domestic chronicle clearly demonstrates that in Russian reality both total ideologization and the absence of popular values are not viable. The Eurasian paradigm of our power, like a pendulum, staying on the convergence of the path of Europe and Asia, forces us to respond to the ideological tendencies of the West and select the legal ideals of the East. Eternal disputes, confrontations and the birth of myth oblige the sovereign, without renouncing reality, on a par with the people to preserve the integrity of the Russian idea present in the domestic identity.
Sistema para la mejora del entrenamiento del lanzamiento de disco
Authors: Moreno Salinas David , Sánchez Moreno José , Álvarez Juan Carlos , Revuelta Carlos
Published: August 2024

En este trabajo se presenta el estado de desarrollo de un sistema orientado a entrenadores y atletas de alto rendimiento para la mejora de la técnica del lanzamiento de disco. El sistema está basado en el análisis de la información proporcionada por unidades de medida inerciales (IMU) y una cámara de vídeo. Inicialmente, las IMU se ubican en cinco puntos del cuerpo del lanzador, así como en el interior del disco. La utilidad de las IMU es proporcionar aceleraciones y ángulos de orientación que permitan derivar parámetros biomecánicos del atleta, así como identificar las fases temporales que comporta todo lanzamiento. En lo que respecta a la grabación de vídeo, ésta se procesa mediante técnicas de aprendizaje profundo para obtener las coordenadas 3D de 21 puntos del cuerpo del atleta. Todos estos datos permiten mejorar el modelado biomecánico con parámetros como la ubicación del centro de masas del atleta y la evolución del momento angular del disco y del lanzador.
Gamificación en robótica móvil usando ROS2 y CoppeliaSim
Authors: Pérez Montes Juan Jesús , González-Monroy Javier , Galindo Andrades Cipriano
Published: August 2024

La robótica móvil se está imponiendo como una de las disciplinas con mayor relevancia para los futuros ingenieros. Entre sus aplicaciones, encontramos el diseño e implementación de vehículos inteligentes y autónomos que requieren sensores específicos como, por ejemplo, sensores láser, y técnicas y algoritmos que permitan el correcto control, navegación y localización de los vehículos. El aprendizaje de estas técnicas por parte de estudiantes de grado suele verse limitado debido a su nivel de complejidad y a la falta de estimulación al no vislumbrar la ejecución de sus implementaciones en robots reales y/o en situaciones realistas. Con este propósito, se presenta en este trabajo un gestor de juegos basado en ROS2 y CoppeliaSim que permita a los alumnos implementar el control de robots móviles en un entorno simulado de competición. La simulación realista de los algoritmos implementados por los alumnos sumado a la competitividad entre ellos hace aumentar su motivación y dedicación a la robótica móvil.
Sistema de monitorización de entornos para usuarios de sillas de ruedas
Authors: Perez Nerea , Mancisidor Aitziber , Cabanes Itziar , Vermander Patrick , Portillo Eva , Zubizarreta Asier
Published: August 2024

Este estudio aborda el desafío de hacer un seguimiento de los entornos de desplazamiento de los usuarios de sillas de ruedas, con el objetivo de proporcionar al personal sanitario datos cuantificables sobre su actividad diaria. Se presenta un sistema de monitorización que realiza un seguimiento continuo y en tiempo real de las variables cinemáticas y ambientales, analizando los efectos del movimiento de la silla y los factores externos en el estado funcional del usuario. El sistema integra una IMU, dos encoders y un sensor de humedad y temperatura en una silla de ruedas eléctrica. Para la validación del sistema se han realizado pruebas en diversos entornos, como rampas, giros bruscos, ascensores y baches, confirmando su eficacia. Este dispositivo robusto y fiable proporciona a los profesionales la información necesaria sobre el contexto específico de cada usuario, lo que contribuye a mejorar los tratamientos de rehabilitación y, en consecuencia, su calidad de vida.
Filtrado de luz azul con mínima distorsión para vídeo
Authors: Bayón Fernández Juan , Recas Piorno Joaquín , Jiménez Jiménez Jonathan José , Guijarro Mata-García María
Published: August 2024

La luz azul presente en los dispositivos móviles tienen una función reguladora del organismo en procesos como el sueño o el hambre. Además, la exposición directa está asociada con el desarrollo o empeoramiento de ciertas enfermedades y para las personas con alguna afección específica puede resultar molesta y peligrosa. Muchos dispositivos del mercado poseen sistemas de filtrado para atajar esta situación, pero modifican significativamente la mayoría de colores. Este trabajo propone un nuevo procedimiento para reducir la representación de color o Gamut de la pantalla correspondiente a las emisiones más energéticas, para poder evitarlas. El resultado llega a absorciones del 100%, respetando el contraste, la calidad y la mayor parte de colores de la imagen, consiguiendo un resultado lo más realista posible. La propuesta se considera de interés para su aplicación en tiempo real en dispositivos de proyección de vídeo, como por ejemplo los dispositivos de realidad aumentada y virtual.
Robot TIAGo para servicio en cafetería
Authors: Naranjo Campos Francisco José , De Matías Martínez Ainhoa , González Victores Juan Carlos , Gutiérrez Dueñas José Antonio , Alcaide Almudena , Balaguer Carlos
Published: August 2024

La hostelería tiene la necesidad de automatizar ciertas tareas, por lo que acude a la robótica. Esto no solo tiene una motivación económica, beneficiando también a los trabajadores al reducir sus nivel de estrés y carga física. En este contexto, la organización ``"euRobotics aisbl" propuso la implementación de un robot asistencial en cafetería, definiendo una tarea consistente en el reconocimiento del estado de la cafetería, el servicio a clientes y el acomodamiento de nuevos clientes. En este trabajo se presenta una implementación de esta tarea realizada con el robot móvil manipulador TIAGo, en la que se ha puesto especial interés en la percepción de objetos y en la sociabilidad del robot. Para ello, se han empleado modelos convolucionales para la detección de objetos y modelos de reconocimiento de voz para una comunicación natural. La implementación se ha realizado con éxito y puesta a prueba con usuarios, cuya percepción ha sido positiva.
Monitorización mediante vehículos aéreos multicámara. Caso de uso de Unreal Engine
Authors: López Ruiz José Francisco , Rico Ranea Jaime , Álamo Cantarero Teodoro , Ortega Linares Manuel Gil , Vargas Villanueva Manuel
Published: August 2024

El trabajo propuesto en este artículo parte de la consideración de un vehículo aéreo autónomo, dotado de múltiples cámaras, como agente capaz de proporcionar mayor versatilidad en aplicaciones de monitorización y seguimiento de múltiples objetivos móviles. Dicho agente tendría la capacidad de orientar sus cámaras de forma completamente independiente y éstas estarían dotadas con capacidad de zoom, lo que permitiría ajustar la distancia focal de cada una de ellas a conveniencia. Partiendo de este concepto y de una estrategia de optimización desarrollada en trabajos anteriores, se propone una generalización de la misma que permita la colaboración de varios agentes en una misma misión. De forma complementaria, parte del trabajo se centra en explorar las posibilidades que ofrece Unreal Engine 5 como herramienta de simulación gráfica para la implementación de la propuesta.
Integrator for Musculoskeletal Simulation in Python
Authors: García-Mascaraque Herrera Alicia , Montesino Ignacio , Victores Juan G. , Balaguer Carlos , Jardón Alberto
Published: August 2024

La detección de la espasticidad es compleja debido a su origen en el sistema nervioso central y los síntomas musculares. Este proyecto desarrolla un método automático para detectar el grado de espasticidad según la escala Ashworth, usando movimientos pasivos, rápidos y suaves en el paciente y midiendo la excitación cerebral. Software como OpenSim y técnicas como Computed Muscle Control (CMC) han facilitado esta tarea ofreciendo el valor de la excitación cerebral dada una trayectoria de movimiento, aunque presentan errores cuando el tipo de movimiento es suave y rápido. Este artículo implementa el integrador Hybrid Computed Muscle Control (HCMC) con el método Runge-Kutta, mejorando la precisión con un error del 3% respecto a CMC. La implementación en Python aumenta la accesibilidad y permitirá crear una base de datos de pacientes virtuales para aplicar técnicas de Machine Learning, avanzando en el desarrollo de nuevos métodos de diagnóstico.
Controlador adaptativo de ROV para la monitorización de estructuras marinas
Authors: Sainz Gutierrez Jose Joaquin , Becerra Victor , Revestido Herrero Elias , Llata Garcia Jose Ramon , Alonso Renteria Luciano , Torre Ferrero Carlos
Published: August 2024

En este trabajo se presenta la aplicación de un controlador adaptativo L1 para el posicionamiento dinámico de un “Vehículo subacuatico teleoperados a Distancia” (ROV) que puede monitorizar la obra viva y anclajes de parques eólicos marinos. Para ello, se considera el modelo no lineal de 6 grados de libertad de los ROVs. Se han realizado simulaciones con niveles de ruido de instrumentación estándar a bordo de un ROV para determinar el correcto funcionamiento del sistema con el controlador implementado, teniendo en cuenta las salidas de las posiciones y las señales de control comandadas a los propulsores. Se puede emplear esta investigación con fines docentes para la capacitación de los ingenieros responsables del control dinámico de ROVs en la sintonización e implementación de los controladores.
Optimización de trayectorias y estabilización LQR para robot aéreo omnidireccional
Authors: Del Río Berasategui Josu , Iriarte Arrese Imanol , Vilchez Hipolito Litzia Carla , Lasa Aguirrebengoa Joseba , Lazkano Ortega Elena , Rodriguez Rodriguez Igor
Published: August 2024

En este trabajo, se aborda el desarrollo de la planificación de trayectorias para un robot aéreo omnidireccional. La arquitectura del dron consiste en 4 quadrotores unidos con juntas omnidireccionales a un cuerpo central, permitiendo al sistema rotar 360º en los tres ejes mientras los quadrotores mantienen el sistema estable. Al tratarse de un sistema sobreactuado puede llegar de una posición o estado A a uno B por múltiples vı́as. Por ello, de las varias rutas posibles, es importante generar las que se ajusten a criterios de optimalidad, y ası́ reducir el consumo del sistema. En el presente artı́culo se presenta una solución para generar trayectorias que se ajusten a ciertos criterios de optimalidad y restricciones del sistema. El problema se resuelve mediante el método de optimización de trayectorias de colocación directa, y posteriormente se utiliza la trayectoria generada como entrada en un lazo de control con estabilización LQR de tiempo finito. El trabajo se ha validado en simulación.
Bioseñales en entornos laborales y su aplicación en primeros intervinientes
Authors: Vera Ortega Pablo Javier , Vázquez Martín Ricardo , Mandow Anthony , García Cerezo Alfonso
Published: August 2024

La medición de señales psicofisiológicas de trabajadores en el desempeño de sus tareas es útil para detectar estados psicofisiológicos que les impidan desarrollar adecuadamente su labor y pongan en peligro su integridad física. Para una detección efectiva de estos estados es necesario una selección adecuada de las bioseñales a monitorizar, acorde a la labor realizada, y un procesamiento correcto de las mismas. También es necesario establecer una verdad fundamental que permita el desarrollo de algoritmos de aprendizaje automático efectivas. Este artículo revisa las bioseñales y herramientas de procesamiento y predicción utilizadas en la detección de estados psicofisiológicos peligrosos para los trabajadores y expone una aplicación de monitorización de las bioseñales con primeros intervinientes durante ejercicios de alta fidelidad.
Análisis del control de profundidad del perfilador μ-Nautilus en el Mar Menor
Authors: Morales Aragón Isabel Pilar , Torres Sánchez Roque , Gilabert Javier , Soto Valles Fulgencio
Published: August 2024

El ecosistema del Mar Menor ha experimentado crisis ambientales en la última década, lo que ha afectado negativamente a las actividades de turismo, ocio y pesca, y reduciendo el valor de las propiedades en la zona. Para abordar los desafíos de restauración de este ecosistema, se está promoviendo el desarrollo de métodos automatizados para la monitorización continua de diversos parámetros a distintas profundidades y ubicaciones. En este contexto, se ha diseñado un perfilador autónomo y sumergible de bajo peso, con capacidad de control de profundidad mediante un sistema de lastre variable, para la monitorización de las distintas estratificaciones de este entorno marino. En este estudio se presenta el algoritmo de control utilizado para gestionar la profundidad del dispositivo, basado en una estructura de control en cascada con un punto de funcionamiento ajustable. Además, se presentan los resultados obtenidos en diferentes ubicaciones del Mar Menor, junto con la autonomía y las limitaciones identificadas en función de las condiciones ambientales.
Trazador inteligente en tiempo real para productos perecederos
Authors: Garrido López Javier , Jiménez Buendía Manuel , Toledo Moreo Ana , Soto Vallés Fulgencio , Torres Sánchez Roque
Published: August 2024

Durante la fase de poscosecha y antes del consumo, los productos perecederos pueden perder calidad por malas condiciones de conservación. La monitorización de las condiciones ambientales clave puede predecir estas pérdidas. Este proyecto presenta un datalogger autónomo, portátil y compacto para monitorizar parámetros ambientales en tiempo real durante la cadena de suministro. El dispositivo mide temperatura, humedad relativa, CO2, luminosidad y vibraciones, y transmite los datos de forma inalámbrica, simplificando soluciones existentes que emplean varios dispositivos y presentan costes prohibitivos. Se han empleado estrategias para optimizar el consumo de energía, logrando un mes de autonomía para cubrir periodos enteros de transporte de alimentos. El datalogger utiliza NB-IoT y otras tecnologías inalámbricas para enviar los datos a una plataforma en la nube. Se han realizado ensayos de autonomía, comparación con otros dataloggers comerciales y ensayos de campo satisfactorios para validar su funcionamiento y transmisión de datos en tiempo real durante un transporte refrigerado.
Generación de comportamientos basados en el Tamagotchi para el robot social Mini
Authors: Carrasco Martínez Sara , Maroto Gómez Marcos , Álvarez Arias Sofía , Alonso Martín Fernando , Castro González Álvaro , Salichs Miguel Ángel
Published: August 2024

El uso de robots sociales para tareas de asistencia y entretenimiento está aumentando en los últimos años. Sin embargo, todavía no poseen las capacidades necesarias para proporcionar una experiencia diaria duradera que hagan que la inversión necesaria merezca la pena. Este artículo presenta un sistema de generación de comportamientos bioinspirados para aumentar el uso del robot Mini utilizando procesos que pretenden aumentar el número interacciones con sus usuarios. El sistema propuesto tiene como inspiración el juego del Tamagotchi y la Logoterapia, haciendo que el robot se comporte como un avatar del que el usuario debe cuidar. El sistema modela la alimentación, hidratación, higiene, afecto, entretenimiento, energía, interacción social y salud del robot generando una evolución temporal a largo plazo similar a la humana con el fin de que el robot muestre un comportamiento natural reconocible por el usuario. Este comportamiento incorpora estrategias psicológicas y de enganche como la alta frecuencia de acciones para fomentar el uso del robot y enganchar al usuario. Los resultados del artículo muestran la evolución de todos los procesos y cómo el usuario debe cuidar del robot para que mantenga un nivel adecuado de bienestar.
Detección y estimación de fugas de aire comprimido en sistemas industriales mediante análisis de audio
Authors: Torres Muñoz Alejandro , Chicaiza Salazar William David , Bellucci Andrea , Escaño Juan Manuel
Published: August 2024

El uso de aire comprimido es esencial en numerosos procesos industriales debido a su producción segura y manejo sencillo. Sin embargo, su generación es altamente costosa en términos energéticos, representando una fracción significativa de los costos operativos de las instalaciones industriales. Además, las fugas de aire comprimido pueden incrementar considerablemente estos costos, haciendo imperativo el desarrollo de técnicas precisas para su estimación y control. Este estudio se centra en la detección y cuantificación de fugas de aire en un sistema de aire comprimido mediante el análisis de muestras de audio, proponiendo y evaluando distintos modelos de clasificación y regresión para optimizar la eficiencia energética y operativa de la planta.
Análisis de presión plantar para el diseño de plantillas personalizadas
Authors: Romero-Ante Juan David , Montenegro-Bravo Juan Sebastian , Rodriguez-Lopez Daniel Alejandro , Vicente-Samper Jose Maria , Rodríguez-Martínez A. , Sabater Navarro Jose Maria
Published: August 2024

La enfermedad arterial periférica (EAP) se caracteriza por la obstrucción de las arterias de las piernas y los pies debido a la acumulación de grasa. La neuropatía periférica (NP) afecta a la función de los nervios, incluidos los responsables de regular la sudoración y la humedad de los pies. Estos problemas aumentan significativamente el riesgo de úlceras y heridas en las extremidades. Este artículo presenta una metodología de análisis de la presión plantar con el equipo F-Scan64 para identificar puntos críticos durante las actividades diarias. El objetivo es diseñar plantillas personalizadas que monitoricen estos puntos y reduzcan el riesgo de lesiones en pacientes con estas afecciones. Los resultados se discuten en relación con estudios previos sobre los umbrales de riesgo que deben evitarse en estos casos. Además, se ofrece una perspectiva sobre la distribución sensorial de las plantillas personalizadas.
Aprendizaje por refuerzo en vivo para robots móviles
Authors: Asensio Huonder Santiago , Arévalo Espejo Vicente , Cruz Martín Ana , Fernández Madrigal Juan Antonio
Published: August 2024

En este trabajo se propone una arquitectura de reflejos ante estímulos sensoriales para que el aprendizaje por refuerzo en vivo para robots móviles mejore su adaptación a cambios en la tarea, aumente su autonomía para regresar a estados seguros tras errores y reduzca, en general, la supervisión por parte del humano. El trabajo se ha enfocado en la navegación de un robot móvil con evitación de obstáculos y hemos utilizado una versión modificada de los algoritmos de aprendizaje por refuerzo Q-learning y True On-Line SARSA (lambda). Se ha estudiado adicionalmente un aprendizaje que traslada lo aprendido en simulación al aprendizaje en vivo, llamado aprendizaje híbrido. Los resultados muestran que nuestra arquitectura mejora la seguridad del robot y su adaptabilidad a cambios en la tarea, minimiza la intervención humana y extiende el tiempo de entrenamiento sin supervisión.
Métodos de control robusto y predictivo para una caminata estable en el robot humanoide TEO
Authors: Lipa Noriega Gerson Martin , Muñoz Yañez-Barnuevo Jorge , Monje Concepción A. , Balaguer Carlos
Published: August 2024

Un aspecto fundamental para lograr una caminata estable en cualquier robot humanoide es el control de la estabilidad durante la marcha. Este trabajo analiza algunas estrategias de control para asegurar una marcha estable en el robot humanoide TEO. En investigaciones previas, se utilizó el modelo del péndulo invertido lineal para la generación de trayectorias estables, tomando en cuenta el criterio de estabilidad del ZMP. Según este criterio, el ZMP debe mantenerse dentro de una región de estabilidad para garantizar una marcha equilibrada, lo que requiere un control continuo de este valor durante toda la trayectoria.