bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulations of a supercell in northeastern Italy with WRF-HAILCAST
Authors: Perbellini Andrea , Sioni Francesco , Manzato Agostino , Giovannini Lorenzo
Published: July 2024

In the early morning of 1 August 2021, a supercell developed over the Veneto plain and moved eastward towards Friuli-Venezia Giulia, locally producing hailstones with diameters up to 9 cm.In the present work, this event is studied by means of simulations with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model at 1 km resolution, coupled with the HAILCAST hail growth parameterization, which provides estimates of the maximum hail size at the ground. Several simulations are performed using different initial and boundary conditions (GFS and IFS forecasts), different initialization times and physics options, to study the predictability of the event.The analysis of the model results highlights a significant sensitivity to the forcing meteorological model and the initialization time. In particular, WRF is not able to properly simulate the development of strong convection over the Veneto and Friuli-Venezia Giulia plain in the early morning of 1 August using GFS forcing, while better results are obtained with IFS initial and boundary conditions, especially when simulations are initialized more than 24 hours before the event. Moreover, results are significantly affected by the microphysics scheme and the land surface model, while the planetary boundary layer parameterization seems to have a minor influence. However, the development of the supercell is properly simulated, with hailstone diameters comparable to observations, only when data from radiosoundings of Udine Rivolto are nudged into the model, highlighting the importance, and at the same time the complexity, of correctly reproducing local thermodynamic conditions for the simulation of extreme convection events.
Modelling future risk of forest and peri-urban fires for an eastern Mediterranean environment: the case of Greece
Authors: Karali Anna , Hatzaki Maria , Antoniou Varvara , Varotsos Konstantinos V. , Fyllas Nikolaos , Giannakopoulos Christos
Published: July 2024

Climate change impacts are undeniably more visible than ever before, affecting the Mediterranean areas' ecological, social, and economic viability in a variety of ways. In particular, the rising frequency and intensity of fires is one of the most serious threats to continental and island ecosystems, resulting in human fatalities, environmental and economic losses. For example, during the summer of 2023, Greece saw the greatest fire on record in Europe since 1980, resulting in a burnt area of over 96,000 ha that caused numerous human casualties and the destruction of one of the most ecologically important National Parks (Dadia). It is thus important to develop accurate fire risk quantification methods under both current and future climate conditions. In this study, we developed a methodological framework for the assessment of forest fire risk in the near (2041-2060) and distant future (2081-2100) climatic conditions in comparison with the reference period (1995–2014), under the Shared Socio-economic Pathways (SSPs) SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5. The risk assessment is developed according to the conceptual framework of the "impact chain". Specifically, it is based on the combined use of qualitative and quantitative variables that fully describe the three risk components, i.e., hazard, exposure, and vulnerability, as defined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), aiming at the estimation of a final composite risk index. The multicriteria spatial analysis, which is further implemented with GIS techniques, is expected to highlight the most critical environmental and socio-economic parameters that determine the risk levels and the areas that are expected to be heavily affected in the future. The results of this study can provide useful insight on the climate fire risk and vulnerability at local level, hence enhancing adaptation decision making, actions and governance.Acknowledgement: The project entitled “Projecting the impacts of climate change on forest ecosystems in Greece - An integrated forest vulnerability and mitigation framework”, with a total budget of 199,174.5 € is implemented by the University of the Aegean and funded by the Green Fund, Funding Programme: ‘Natural Environment and Innovative Actions 2023’. Priority Axis 3: ‘Research and Implementation’.
Use of the return period methodology for the prediction of weather events with adverse impacts -  case studies for the agricultural and hydrological sectors
Authors: Gratsea Myrto , Kitsara Gianna , Machaira Paraskevi , Kostopoulou Efthimia , Giannakopoulos Christos
Published: July 2024

The frequency and intensity of extreme events are expected to increase due to climate change, leading to significant impacts on several sectors of human society. The return period method is a valuable tool for quantifying the likelihood of weather events with adverse impacts, and can be used by policymakers for long-term planning and decision making. In this work, two indicative case studies are presented, where the return period methodology and the related occurrence probabilities are used to predict the change in the frequency of occurrence of severe events related to precipitation, in the near and distant future. The first case study refers to the agricultural sector and presents the occurrence probabilities of dry winters in the near (2031-2060) and distant (2071-2100) future, under the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 emission scenarios, using an ensemble mean of five bias corrected RCMs in two characteristic areas of olive cultivation, Spain (Andalusia) and Greece (Peloponnese). Reductions in winter precipitation are related to significant decreases in olive yields.  Our analysis revealed increased probability in the occurrence of drier winters in the future, which may lead to yield shortfalls in both areas of the study. The second case study focuses on extreme precipitation that may affect the hydrological sector. Changes in  the return periods of extreme rainfall events are calculated until 2100 under three emission scenarios (RCP2.6, 4.5, 8.5) using an ensemble of three bias corrected RCMs in an area close to Inachos river banks, Western Greece. Extreme precipitation events in this area are related to severe river floods. The analysis showed that a flood with a 50-year return period tends to decrease significantly to 20-25 years, depending on the emission scenario. The return period results provided the necessary information for the calculation of the ‘rainfall IDF curves’, contributing to the flood hazard assessment study that has been carried out for the specific area .
Engaging Youth in Citizen Science for Geohydrological Risk Awareness: A Case Study from Chiavari
Authors: Marchesini Ivan , Mezzacapo Umberto , Sterlacchini Simone , Voltolina Debora , Gencarelli Christian , Esposito Giuseppe , Galizia Antonella , Fortunati Mattia , Sarretta Alessandro , Mondini Alessandro , Salvati Paola
Published: July 2024

Citizen science is increasingly employed to raise awareness and foster action on climate change and sustainability by involving the public in scientific processes. These initiatives promote scientific understanding and active participation in defining adaptation strategies, engaging diverse population groups and stakeholders. Participatory mechanisms play a crucial role in geo-hydrological disaster management, aiming to increase risk awareness among the population, especially the most vulnerable.Within the H2020 I-CHANGE project, a participatory initiative is underway in Chiavari, part of the Genoa metropolitan area, involving local public offices, high school students, and teachers. Chiavari was chosen due to the wealth of information on past geohydrological events, including a significant flood in November 2014. This event provided abundant multimedia materials that enabled detailed reconstruction. Students simulated their presence during the flood and conducted field campaigns to gather local data and experiences through interviews with witnesses. They recorded specific data on a web application, describing various characteristics of the event such as water height and flow speed.This hands-on approach was impactful for the students, allowing them to reconstruct local historical memory. Despite their young age during the 2014 flood, many remembered and feared the event, demonstrating its lasting impression. Complementarily, a survey on extreme event knowledge and perception was conducted among high school students and adults. Focus groups with students further explored themes identified in the survey.The continuous engagement with young people has established a vivacious communication channel to raise awareness of the climate risks they will face. The project investigates several key points regarding participatory mechanisms with young people:(i)    The challenges and opportunities of using participatory and citizen science approaches to monitor geohydrological risks.(ii)    The effectiveness of these methods in enhancing risk awareness.(iii)    The broader implications of involving students in citizen science, including social interactions, participation levels, and technical-scientific challenges.(iv)    The impact on students' orientation towards sustainable behaviors and lifestyles.
Heatwaves, Droughts, and Their Synergy in the Mediterranean
Authors: Lourenço André , A. Bento Virgílio , L. Geirinhas João , Russo Ana
Published: July 2024

Europe, particularly the Mediterranean region, faces an escalating threat from extreme weather events like heatwaves and droughts. These events are projected to worsen under climate change, impacting agriculture, water resources, and society.This study delves into the individual and combined occurrences of heatwaves and droughts across Southern Europe. We investigate the interplay between soil moisture and atmospheric water vapor using high-resolution ERA5 climate data. We analyze trends in heatwave duration, intensity, and drought frequency. Additionally, we assess changes in soil moisture, average temperature, and precipitation. Furthermore, the study explores linkages between large-scale climate patterns like the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and the occurrence of these extreme events.Our results indicate an upward trend in both drought and heatwave intensity and duration. Soil moisture exhibits a concerning decline, with statistically significant negative trends across extensive regions. We also observe a rise in average temperatures alongside a slight decrease in average precipitation.This research anticipates an increase in the frequency, duration, and intensity of combined heatwave and drought events. This trend is likely driven by climatic phenomena such as synoptic systems and preceding soil moisture conditions. Our findings aim to enhance the representation of these complex interactions within climate models, leading to improved projections of extreme events in the Mediterranean. This work was funded by the Portuguese Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) I.P./MCTES through national funds (PIDDAC) – UIDB/50019/2020 (https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDB/50019/2020), UIDP/50019/2020 (https://doi.org/10.54499/UIDP/50019/2020) and LA/P/0068/2020 (https://doi.org/10.54499/LA/P/0068/2020). This work was performed under the scope of project https://doi.org/10.54499/2022.09185.PTDC (DHEFEUS) and supported by national funds through FCT. DL and AR acknowledge FCT I.P./MCTES (Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia) for the FCT https://doi.org/10.54499/2022.03183.CEECIND/CP1715/CT0004 and https://doi.org/10.54499/2022.01167.CEECIND/CP1722/CT0006, respectively. 
tobacv1.5: introducing fast 3D tracking, splits and mergers, and other enhancements for identifying and analysing meteorological phenomena
Authors: Sokolowsky G. Alexander , Freeman Sean W. , Jones William K. , Kukulies Julia , Senf Fabian , Marinescu Peter J. , Heikenfeld Max , Brunner Kelcy N. , Bruning Eric C. , Collis Scott M. , Jackson Robert C. , Leung Gabrielle R. , Pfeifer Nils , Raut Bhupendra A. , Saleeby Stephen M. , Stier Philip , van den Heever Susan C.
Published: July 2024

Abstract. There is a continuously increasing need for reliable feature detection and tracking tools based on objective analysis principles for use with meteorological data. Many tools have been developed over the previous 2 decades that attempt to address this need but most have limitations on the type of data they can be used with, feature computational and/or memory expenses that make them unwieldy with larger datasets, or require some form of data reduction prior to use that limits the tool's utility. The Tracking and Object-Based Analysis of Clouds (tobac) Python package is a modular, open-source tool that improves on the overall generality and utility of past tools. A number of scientific improvements (three spatial dimensions, splits and mergers of features, an internal spectral filtering tool) and procedural enhancements (increased computational efficiency, internal regridding of data, and treatments for periodic boundary conditions) have been included in tobac as a part of the tobac v1.5 update. These improvements have made tobac one of the most robust, powerful, and flexible identification and tracking tools in our field to date and expand its potential use in other fields. Future plans for tobac v2 are also discussed.
A modeling System for Identification of Maize Ideotypes, optimal sowing dates and nitrogen fertilization under climate change – PREPCLIM-v1
Authors: Caian Mihaela , Lazar Catalin , Neague Petru , Dobre Antoanela , Amihaesei Vlad , Chitu Zenaida , Irasoc Adrian , Popescu Andreea , Cizmas George
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The impact of climate change on crops and agricultural yield is an actual threat while being a challenging issue due to the high complexity of factors that intervene at the local scale of the crop. Assessing it, requires the use of coupled models climate-phenology, meanwhile methods to identify management and genotypes suitable for local future conditions, in order to sustain adaptation strategies. We present the implementation and use of a new integrated climate-phenology adaptation support modeling system based on regional CORDEX climate models and the CERES Maize model from DSSAT platform, with new modules for optimal management and genotype identification using a hybrid method: deterministic modeling and -ML/ genetic algorithms. It was run as a regional pilot over Romania, operating in real-time in interaction with users, performing agro-climate projections (combination of fertilization, sowing date, soil) and providing best crop management simulated under climate change projections. Multi-model ensemble simulations for two climate scenarios RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 and twelve management scenarios show new results for the region. For the actual genotype we find a projected mean decrease in yield in both climate scenarios for all sowing dates and fertilization levels tested, response shown to be sensitive to initial soil parameters. This response was linked to two factors: a shorter growing season by up to 10 % and a loss of fertilization efficiency in a warmer climate. A warning points to results showing a narrowing of agro-management opportunities for crop yield but in opposite it is shown a significant role of optimal genotype-range identification that may provide crop solutions under climate change even in extreme years. Identifying best genotype under warmer climate along sets of six cross-parameter simulations show systematic lower values of the maximal yields, but emphasizes genotype windows of increases in the intermediate yield values in scenarios compared to actual climate. The highest harvest sensitivity to genotype is shown to be to changes in the thermal time to juvenil respectively to maturity stage under warmer climate. The results sustain using a deterministic coupled modeling system combined with data-driven modeling for identifying optimal adaptation including fertilization paths that contribute to climate change mitigation.
The Polar Front in the northwestern Barents Sea: structure, variability and mixing
Authors: Kolås Eivind H. , Fer Ilker , Baumann Till M.
Published: July 2024

Abstract. In the northwestern Barents Sea the warm and salty Atlantic Water meets the cold and fresh Polar Water, forming a distinct thermohaline front, the Barents Sea Polar Front. Here we present the structure of the front, its variability and associated mixing using observations from two cruises conducted in October 2020 and February 2021 during the Nansen Legacy project in the region between the Hopen Trench and the Olga Basin. Ocean stratification, currents and turbulence data were obtained during seven ship transects across the Polar Front near 77° N, 30° E. These transects are complemented by four missions using ocean gliders, one of which was equipped with microstructure sensors to measure turbulence. Across the front, we observe warm (> 1 °C) and salty (> 35.0 g kg−1) Atlantic Water intruding below the colder (< 0 °C) and fresher (< 34.6  g kg−1) Polar Water, setting up a baroclinic front and geostrophic currents reaching 25 cm s−1, with estimated eastward transport of 0.2±0.6 Sv (1 Sv =1×106 m3 s−1). We observe anomalous warm- and cold-water patches on the cold and warm side of the front, respectively, colocated with enhanced turbulence, where dissipation rates of turbulent kinetic energy range between 10−8 and 10−7 W kg−1. Short-term variability below the surface mixed layer arises from tidal currents and mesoscale eddies. While the effects of tidal currents are mainly confined to the bottom boundary layer, eddies induce significant shifts in the position of the front and alter the isopycnal slopes and the available potential energy of the front. Substantial water mass transformation is observed across the front, likely a result of eddy-driven isopycnal mixing. Despite the seasonal changes in the upper layers of the front (0–100 m) influenced by atmospheric forcing, sea ice formation and brine rejection, the position of the front beneath 100 m depth remained relatively unperturbed.
FENOMENA FEAR OUT MISSING OUT (FOMO) TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN RESTORAN VIRAL KAREN’S DINER JAKARTA
Authors: Wachyuni Suci Sandi , Namira Siti , Respati Rella Dwi , Teviningrum Shinta
Published: July 2024

In the current era of disruption 5.0, uploading digital information about a place to eat to social media users has become a cultural symbol that can depict a lifestyle. This phenomenon makes users afraid of missing out on the latest information and experiences, such as the emergence of Karen's Diner Jakarta restaurant, which went viral on social media. This study analyzes the phenomenon of FOMO (fear of missing out) in consumer purchasing decisions. With a quantitative approach through an online survey, this study captured 100 respondents selected based on purposive sampling. The population of this research is the people of Jakarta, who are potential consumers. Meanwhile, the sample of this research is consumers who have made purchases at Karen's Diner Restaurant. The survey instrument includes questions about FOMO variables and purchasing decisions and is measured on a Likert scale. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, regression test, and hypothesis t-test. The study results show that FOMO positively affects purchasing decisions by 60%. This research shows the theoretical implication that the FOMO phenomenon, which includes a person's fear and worry of missing out on something new, affects purchasing decisions. Therefore, viral marketing has a significant impact on restaurant sales. The practical implication of this research is a recommendation for food and beverage businesses maximize digital and viral marketing.
PENGARUH VARIABLE DARK TOURISM TERHADAP KEPUASAN WISATAWAN BERKUNJUNG DI BUKITTINGGI (STUDI KASUS LOBANG JEPANG)
Authors: Mahrida Juniar , Afrilian Pepy
Published: July 2024

The main problem in this research is whether there is an influence of dark experience, engaging entertainment, unique learning experience, and casual interest on tourist satisfaction (case study of dark tourism Lubang Japang Bukittinggi). The aim of this research is to find out whether there is an influence of dark experience, engaging entertainment, unique learning experience, and casual interest on tourist satisfaction (case study of dark tourism Lubang Japang Bukittinggi). The method used in this research is a quantitative method. Data collection techniques were carried out by filling out questionnaires and selecting respondents using incidental sampling with a total of 100 respondents. The data analysis techniques used are validity test, reliability test, multiple linear, regression analysis, partial t test, simultaneous f test, and coefficient of determination test.Based on research results from distribution of questionnaires to 100 respondents, it snow that the engaging entertainment and unique learning experience variables have asignificant influence on tourist satisdaction. However, the dark experience and casual interset variables have no influence. And the simultaneous f test results of the variables dark expperience, engaging entertainment, unique learning experience, and casual interst have a significant influence simultaneously on tourist decision variables
Ternary Solid Dispersions employing Vitamin E TPGS for enhancing dissolution - A Comparative Study of Surfactant combinations and preparation Methods
Authors: Ramesh K.V.R.N.S. , Arman Rabbani Syed , Talat Sirajunisa , Bhuiyan Mohammed Kamaruzzaman , Marsafawy Tamer El , Islam Quamrul
Published: July 2024

The present study describes the influence of method of preparation and the role of ternary excipient on the solid dispersions prepared employing vitamin E tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate 1000(Vit E TPGS). Different combinations of TPGS, Soluplus and Gelucire (50/13) are employed and freeze drying and solvent evaporation methods are comparatively evaluated for their efficiency in enhancing the dissolution of furosemide. Freeze drying and solvent evaporation methods were employed to prepare the solid dispersions of furosemide. The dispersions were characterized by dissolution study, X – ray diffraction, Differential Scanning Calorimeter, IR spectrophotometry and SEM study. Free flowing and higher dissolving dispersions could be prepared. The regression analysis of dissolution data suggested that increase in dissolution is an interplay of method employed and the ternary excipient used. The DSC, XRD and SEM studies confirmed that the drug is converted into an amorphous form while the IR spectral studies indicated no interaction between the drug and the carriers used in the investigation. The method of preparation and the ternary excipient influence the extent of improvement of dissolution of poorly soluble drugs.
Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Method for Bioanalysis of Teriflunomide using Dried Blood Spot Methodology
Authors: VM Irina. , K Praseetha. , S Kathirvel. , Rajeswari. K Raja
Published: July 2024

Plasma slowly loses teriflunomide, an oral immunomodulator used once in a day and majorly it is approved for treating of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. It is not possible to measure the plasma concentrations of teriflunomide at locations without the tools necessary to prepare the processed blood samples. Plasma monitoring can be replaced with DBS technique, dried blood spot sampling, which allows for easier sample storage and travel. A few drops of blood are extracted from the rat tail using a lancet and applied to specially made absorbent filter paper. A UPLC test technique for the measurement of teriflunomide in DBS is created and validated for specificity, accuracy, selectivity, stability and repeatability using blood samples from pharmacokinetic studies. Process efficiency was necessary, method was selective and specific regarding endogenous chemicals, and there was no matrix effect. All concentrations were evaluated for accuracy as well as precision for intra-day and also inter-day analysis. The amount of blood deposited and the punch position within the spot had no bearing on the detection of teriflunomide in the DBS assay, however the hematocrit level had a negligible but tolerable influence on measurement precision. Teriflunomide has a minimum stability of three months at room temperature. With an average ratio of blood to plasma, an association between DBS concentration and plasma concentrations is seen. A straightforward and useful technique for keeping track of teriflunomide concentrations is DBS sampling. The technique has been expanded to the in-vivo determination of teriflunomide in male albino rats and is fully verified in accordance with ICH criteria.
A Hospital-based Study on assessing the significance of Serum Lactate dehydrogenase level in Preeclampsia and its association with Maternal and Fetal outcome
Authors: Simon Savio , Krishnan Viji , Ramachandran Lola
Published: July 2024

Background: Preeclampsia associated with serious maternal and fetal complications is considered an emergency. In women with preeclampsia, the level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), an intracellular enzyme, rises due to cell death. The aim of this study was to compare serum LDH levels and its relationship with maternal and infant outcomes in patients with mild and severe preeclampsia. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the Obstetrics and Gynecology department of a tertiary hospital between February 2021 and March 2021. Sixty pregnant women who were at least 28 weeks pregnant were included. Thirty healthy controls, including 15 mild preeclampsia and 15 severe preeclampsia. The study involved measuring blood levels of LDH in all 60 patients and assessing outcomes for mothers and babies based on these levels. Results: The study showed that LDH levels were elevated during preeclampsia (p=0.01). There is a positive correlation between patients with preeclampsia (p=0.05) Between systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure and LDH level. Additionally, a significant correlation (p = 0.01) was found between high LDH levels and birth weight. This study also confirmed that high serum LDH is associated with an increased risk of maternal complications (p = 0.01). Conclusion: Measurement of LDH levels can be used as a biochemical marker to determine cell damage and therefore disease severity. Therefore, monitoring and management of patients with LDH can help prevent maternofetal problems.
The general theory of the economic formation evolution and innovative transformations
Authors: Filippovskiy Maksim
Published: July 2024

In modern economic science, the theory of socio-economic formations of K. Marx is practically not studied, with the exception of review historical works and theoretical publications on political economy that examine the crisis of capitalism. We believe that there is a certain potential for the development and use of this theory to remove individual theoretical contradictions, which can serve as the basis for a revision of economic evolution as a whole. The work aims to demonstrate how economic evolution is developing from the point of view of changing the economic formation through innovative renewal of factors and transformation of the mode of production, which is ensured by a number of solved problems. In particular, a refined system of production factors is proposed: land, labor, capital (means of production), energy and information. In the historical aspect, the process of emergence of innovations in production factors is generalized, taking into account the properties of economic formations. A process of sequential transformation of the formation has been established depending on changes in the priority factor and the main mode of production. The results of the work were achieved by using formational and factor analysis, as well as the use of heuristic methods, in particular structural-semantic modeling to clarify the theory of formations. The formational dependence of the current mode of production on the energy factor and the increasing role of the information factor have been reliably determined. Theoretical conditions for the transformation of the economic formation with maximum interaction of all factors and modes of production, which can be called technological singularity, have been identified. It has been suggested that there will be several phases in the further development of the economic formation based on the sequential liberation of each factor of production from labor exploitation. The work presents ideas of interest to economics, philosophy, history and futurology.
GEOINFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN FORECASTING AND MINERAGENIC RESEARCHES
Authors: Петров В.А. , Устинов С.А. , Минаев В.А. , Нафигин И.О. , Гришков Г.А. , Яровая Е.В.
Published: July 2024

В работе на основе применения геоинформационных технологий предлагаются новые подходы к выделению и обоснованию поисковых площадей с учетом концепции минералообразующих систем, а также с использованием новейших средств и методов. Представлены результаты многофакторного ГИС-моделирования в сочетании с минерально-системным подходом к анализу основных факторов рудогенеза. В результате комплексного анализа рудогенетических процессов создана структурная весовая прогнозно-поисковая модель Юго-Восточного Забайкалья, отражающая перспективные площади для постановки прогнозно-минерагенических исследований масштаба 1:200 000–1:50 000. Предложенный подход позволяет оптимизировать решения, направленные на обеспечение устойчивого развития минерально-сырьевой базы Российской Федерации.

The work, based on the use of geoinformation technologies, proposes new approaches to the allocation and justification of prospecting areas, taking into account the concept of mineral-forming systems, as well as the use of the latest tools and methods. The results of multifactor GIS modeling in combination with a mineral systems approach to the analysis of the main factors of ore genesis are presented. As a result of a comprehensive analysis oregenetic, a structural weighted forecasting and search model of the south-eastern Transbaikalia was created, reflecting promising areas for conducting forecasting and mineragenic studies on a scale of 1:200000 — 1:50000. The proposed approach makes it possible to optimize decisions aimed at ensuring the sustainable development of the mineral resource base of the Russian Federation.
Spring and All No Longer in Peril
Authors: Käck Elin
Published: July 2024

This article revisits a talk at a William Carlos Williams panel that would come to have a major impact on discussions of poetry and poetics, but which also made clear the problematic critical divide between the Williams of the short lyric and the Williams of genre-defying, experimental work, such as Spring and All. The panel took place at the 1983 MLA Convention in New York City, and the speaker was Charles Bernstein. This introductory article to this special issue discusses the original event as well as the talk itself—“The Academy in Peril: William Carlos Williams Meets the MLA”—which has since been published in essay form. In addition, this introduction considers the lasting importance of Spring and All, which was also the topic of a 2023 MLA Williams panel in which Bernstein participated with Bob Perelman and Juliana Spahr to provide their perspectives on the 100th anniversary of Spring and All and the fortieth anniversary of “The Academy in Peril.”
Modernist Hangover? William Carlos Williams as Bob Perelman’s Poetic Cure
Authors: Aji Hélène
Published: July 2024

This article works through an examination of Bob Perelman’s poems in relation to major Williamsian defining features of the poet, poetic language, and poetics, and asks: Is there a way to recover from a modernist past that has become enshrined and canonized? How to relate to the bewildering inventiveness, as it sometimes walks hand in hand with a stupefying dogmatism? Developing a form of poetic activism over a span of more than fifty years, Perelman has shown growing interest in Williams’s work, the poems and the essays, as possible matrixes for a poetic practice that encompasses the preoccupation with language, the intermedial awareness of the poem’s interactions with the visual, and the ethical commitment to a political and philosophical discourse on the human.
Level of Knowledge About Child Neglect and Abuse: A University Sample
Authors: Aktaş Eda , Ergün Kübra , Aykanat Girgin Burcu , Sümer Çalık Gamze , Canıbeyaz Rumeysa
Published: July 2024

Aim: The assessment of how much nursing student knew about child neglect and abuse was set as the goal of this research. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and forty-seven nursing students at a university located in Istanbul province made up the sample of this descriptive research. The data collection tools were the Participant Information Form and the Diagnosis Scale of the Risks and Symptoms of Child Abuse and Neglect.Results: It was determined that 79.4% of the participants were female, 37.2% were first-year students, and 78.5% were from nuclear families. The average age was 19.80±1.19. It was found that 75.3% of the students had received education/information about child neglect and abuse during their undergraduate education, with 63.4% obtaining this information from the Internet, 48.4% from their faculty, and 43% from television. Female students had a significantly higher total score on the scale than males (t:2.456; p=0.015). Conclusion: The Internet was nursing students’ primary source of information on child abuse and neglect, and female students’ knowledge levels were higher than those of males.
Study on Response of Foliar Application of 6- benzylammino Purine on Field and Post-harvest Life of Pak Choi
Authors: Adak Bhaskar , Das Ankan
Published: July 2024

The present study was carried to check the effect of 6-Benzylaminopurine (6-BAP) on the field and postharvest life of pak choi, an underutilized vegetable crop, which was cultivated during rabi season of 2022- 23. Pak choi seeds of the variety ‘Tai Sai’ was procured and sown in seedling trays. After their germination, at 2-3 leaves stage the seedlings were transplanted in the main field with a spacing of 30 x 30 cm. The growth regulator 6-BAP in form of aqueous solution at seven different concentrations viz. 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 & 60 ppm, was provided as foliar applications twice at a gap of 10 days. For every concentration of 6- BAP application, 3 replications were maintained following a randomized block design (RBD) for the experiment. At growth stages, parameters like leaf length and number, plant diameter and height were documented at multiple times. After harvesting the yield was brought to the laboratory of the Department and further attributes like physiological loss of weight, chlorophyll and titratable acidity were noted at different intervals of storage. From the entire experiment it was observed that, the cytokinin based growth regulator helped in influencing the field and storage-based parameters of pak choi in a positive manner and to specify further the 6-BAP at a concentration of 10 ppm was found most appropriate for both the cases.
Foliar application of secondary nutrients and banana special on bunch and yield of banana cv. Ney Poovan under hill zone of Karnataka, India
Authors: Supriya T.C. , Kumar H.S. Yallesh , Shivakumar B.S. , Ravikumar D. , Sudharani N.
Published: July 2024

The present research was carried out at farmer’s field at Kollibyle village, Mudigere taluk, Chikmagalur district during the year 2022-2023. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design comprising of nine treatments with three replications. The results revealed that significantly maximum finger weight (91.70 g), finger length (14.93 cm), finger girth (38.70 mm), hand weight (1.44 kg), number of fingers per hand (14.77), bunch weight (15.51 kg), bunch length (74.02 cm), number of fingers per bunch (163.10) and yield per hectare (38.77 t) was observed in T9- Sulphate of Potash (1%) + Calcium Nitrate (0.25%) + Magnesium Sulphate (0.25%) + Banana Special (0.5%)
Effect of planting densities on growth and physiological parameters of cut chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev.) genotypes under protected cultivation
Authors: Abhishek B. , Kumar P. Hemanth , Nataraj S. K. , Basavalingaiah  , Kumar N. Kiran
Published: July 2024

An experiment entitled “Effect of planting densities on growth and physiological parameters of cut chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev.) genotypes under protected cultivation” was conducted at Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, College of Horticulture, Mudigere, KSNUAHS, Iruvakki, Shivamogga, during 2022-23. The experiment was laid out in Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design (FRCBD) having two factors viz.,Factor A- G1 (Big White), G2 (Champagne Yellow), G3 (Candore Pink), G4 (Feeling Dark Green), G5 (Harley Red) and Factor B- D1 (36 plants/m2 ), D2 (72 plants/m2 ), D3 (108 plants/m2 ) replicated thrice. All five genotypes were planted under three different planting densities. The results indicated that among different interactions, genotype Champagne Yellow under planting density one (G2 D1 ) recorded maximum plant height (117.40 cm), inter nodal length (5.23 cm), plant spread in E-W (23.23 cm) and N-S direction (22.53 cm). However, genotype Feeling Dark Green under planting density one (G4 D1 ) recorded maximum stem girth (7.73 mm). With respect to physiological parameters, genotype Champagne Yellow under planting density one (G2 D1 ) recorded maximum leaf area, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content (1778.43 cm2 , 1.16, 0.64 and 1.77 mg/g).
An overview on Off-Season Flowering in Perennial Horticultural Crops
Authors: Kumar Manish , Harish Arumugam , Srivignesh Sundaresan , Manivannan Subramanian , Challabathula Dinakar , Kathiresan Shanmugam , Kumar Alagarsamy Ramesh
Published: July 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased public awareness of the health and nutritional benefits associated with various horticultural crops, including fruits, vegetables, and medicinal plants. Consequently, these high-value crops have become integral components of daily diets. However, many perennial horticultural crops are typically seasonal, with fruits available only during specific periods of the year. This leads to a substantial demand for these crops during off-season months. Notably, late and early maturing varieties command higher prices in the market due to an overall decline in production during off-seasons. Off-season cultivation offers economic benefits by increasing farmer income, improving living standards, and ensuring year-round consumer access to these essential crops. Consequently, researchers have turned their attention to the importance of producing seasonal horticultural crops outside their main seasons to meet off-season demand. Over the past few decades, numerous studies have focused on the flowering and fruiting mechanisms of perennial horticultural crops, exploring techniques to manipulate them based on specific requirements. The authors of this article provide an overview of the flowering mechanisms of perennial horticultural crops, delving into various techniques for manipulating flowering periods. These techniques include considerations of temperature, photoperiod, chemicals, hormones, nutrition, agronomic practices, and advanced technologies such as molecular breeding and CRISPR/CAS. The hope is that this article contributes valuable insights for researchers in the field of off-season crop production.
Presentación del editor
Authors: Herrero-Olaizola Alejandro
Published: July 2024

Editor's Introduction
Penanaman Karakter Bela Negara Siswa Madrasah Tsanawiyah Nurul Falah Kimak
Authors: Satrio Ndaru , Anwar Muhammad Syaiful , Suntara Reza Adriantika
Published: July 2024

Kegiatan dengan tajuk Penanaman Karakter  Bela Negara Siswa Madrasah Tsanawiah Nurul Falah Kimak sejatinya merupakan bentuk pengabdian kepada masyarakat dengan sasaran siswa Madrasah Tsanawiah Nurul Falah Kimak. Pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk menanamkan nilai-nilai karakter bela negara bagi generasi penerus bangsa yang dapat mengemban tanggung jawab sebagai pemimpin di masa yang akan datang. Adapun alasan mengambil topik terkait Penanaman Karakter Bela Negara Siswa Madrasah Tsanawiah Nurul Falah Kimak ini adalah sebagai bentuk kepedulian warga negara dalam menanamkan karakter bela Negara kepada  siswa agar siap menghadapi tantangan. Tim pengabdi menilai bahwa eksistensi siswa tidak hanya berperan sebagai generasi penerus bangsa saja namun lebih daripada itu, siswa harus dapat berperan aktif dalam mencegah ancaman, gangguan, hambatan serta menjawab tantangan perkembangan zaman. Pengabdian ini dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode sosialisasi secara langsung dengan diakhiri kegiatan diskusi. Hasil dari kegiatan pengabdian ini diukur melalui beberapa pertanyaan dalam bentuk kuisioner, yang pada akhirnya menunjukkan peningkatan pemahaman siswa siswi mengenai konsep dan nilai-nilai karakter bela negara.
Sosialisasi Pendidikan Seksual Guna Mencegah Kekerasan Seksual pada Anak Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Hirasti Anindya Ayu , Prameswari Yuditia , Chairunnisa Arsila , Fitri Nur Hafidza , Nabilla Shintya
Published: July 2024

Fenomena kekerasan seksual semakin meningkat dari tahun sebelumnya. Berdasarkan hasil temuan, pemahaman anak mengenai pendidikan seksual dinilai masih kurang. Kondisi tersebut terjadi karena lingkungan sekitar menganggap bahwa membahas terkait pendidikan seksual merupakan sesuatu yang tabu. Padahal memahami pendidikan seksual sangatlah penting maka pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan untuk mensosialisasikan pendidikan seksual supaya anak-anak usia sekolah dasar lebih mengenali tubuhnya sendiri dan mewaspadai orang yang ingin melakukan kejahatan kepada mereka. Pendidikan seksual dilaksanakan di salah satu sekolah dasar negeri di Kota Batam. Metode yang dilakukan adalah psikoedukasi berupa pemaparan yang dikemas melalui lagu, gambar atau poster, serta permainan sehingga membuat siswa tidak canggung untuk membahasnya. Materi berisi tentang memperkenalkan bagian tubuh pribadi, mana yang boleh dan tak boleh disentuh orang lain, siapa yang boleh dan tak boleh menyentuh serta cara menjaganya akan bisa menjadi pengenalan Pendidikan seksual yang baik untuk anak usia dini. Hasil program pengabdian masyarakat ini, anak-anak dapat menyebutkan nama kelamin sesuai dengan kaidah Pendidikan seksual sehingga tidak memiliki persepsi negatif mengenai bagian tubuhnya sendiri. Anak-anak juga lebih memahami bagian-bagian tubuh yang boleh dan tak boleh disentuh orang lain, serta langkah supaya terhindar dari kekerasan seksual. Hal tersebut menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan siswa sebelum dan sesudah pelaksanaan kegiatan.
Development and Validation of Survey Instrument for Measurement of Hospital Functional Service Quality
Authors: Fatima Iram , Shafiq Muhammad , Humayun Ayesha
Published: July 2024

Background: Emergency, diagnostics, and surgical services are critical areas of hospitals both in terms of technicalities and resource creation. The literature review reflects that there is a need to develop a survey instrument-based measurement model that can identify areas of functional service quality within hospital facilities based on patients’ perspectives as hospital quality improvement initiatives.
Objective: To design and validate an instrument that helps to evaluate the functional service quality of hospitals using structural equation modeling.
Methods: It was a mixed-method research having a cross-sectional study design. A total of 817 responses were purposively collected from consumers of surgical, emergency, and diagnostic departments of tertiary care hospitals. Simple descriptive, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to identify the factors to formulate the instrument using SPSS Amos 20.0
Results: The study validated seven constructs for the development of Func.Qual (Survey instrument named to measure hospital functional service quality). Amongst these constructs’ assurance, responsiveness communication, and reliability are critical contributing factors reported earlier. Whereas promptness, food and aesthetics are new constructs extracted in local settings. The values of goodness of model fit indices found statistically valid with Comparative Fit Index (CFI=0.96), Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA=0.055) and Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR=0.05).
Conclusion: Func.Qual is a powerful survey instrument to measure hospital functional service quality. The current study is an effort to enrich the literature associated with the body of knowledge for hospital functional service quality.
ANALISIS DESKRIPTIF KOMPETENSI PEDAGOGIK GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA KRISTEN DI ERA MASA KINI
Authors: Berek Filmon
Published: July 2024

Kompetensi pedagogi dapat membawa perubahan ketika guru mewujudkan kompetensi sesuai dengan undang-undang pendidikan yang ada, kompetensi pedagogi meliputi kompetensi pedagogik yang meliputi: (a) pemahaman wawasan atau landasan pendidikan, (b) pemahaman peserta didik, (c) pengembangan kurikulum atau silabus, ( d) desain pembelajaran, (e) pelaksanaan pembelajaran yang edukatif dan dialogis, (f) pemahaman teknologi pembelajaran, (g) evaluasi hasil belajar, dan (h) pengembangan peserta didik untuk mengaktualisasikan berbagai potensi yang dimilikinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data yaitustudi  kepustakaan. Hal-hal di atas merupakan indikator-indikator yang membawa perubahan pada prestasi belajar siswa. Prestasi belajar akan menjadi signifikan apabila kompetensi pedagogik dapat dikembangkan dalam proses belajar mengajar
La responsabilidad de las Universidades para enseñar Contabilidad bajo Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera (NIIF): Caso Nicaragua.
Authors: Manilo Benito Reyes-Díaz , Zúniga-González Carlos Alberto
Published: July 2024

El presente artículo se centró en analizar las Normas Internacionales de Información Financiera aplicadas a Nicaragua y la responsabilidad de las Universidades para enseñar Contabilidad bajo NIIF. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura en el tema NIIF. Los  resultados concluyen que la adopción de la Norma de Contabilidad (NIIF para Pymes), no es de obligatorio cumplimiento de acuerdo a lo expresado por el mismo organismo rector de la Contabilidad en Nicaragua. Que las pequeñas empresas tienen una norma fiscal especial  que determina sus obligaciones tributarias y en ellas tampoco se expresa ninguna exigencia de asumir norma contable alguna. Que el  90% de las 200,000 empresas en Nicaragua son pequeñas empresas y que estas no están obligadas a llevar contabilidad mucho menos asumir norma alguna de Contabilidad. En base a todo lo anterior expuesto, un graduado de la carrera de Contaduría Pública y Finanzas, tiene probabilidades ambiguas en cuanto al tipo de entidad donde podría desarrollar sus actividades profesionales, por lo tanto considero que las Universidades tienen alta responsabilidad para enseñar enfocando las dos normas (Normas Locales y NIIF para Pymes), mientras esto no sea decidido por el imperio de la Ley. Otro aspecto que no debemos dejar a un lado es que el profesional contable deberá asumir por medio de la capacitación continua esa carencia de conocimientos y competencias que por la dualidad de los requerimientos del momento, las Universidades no pueden transmitir a sus alumnos.