bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Judaísmo y compromiso sociopolítico en A. Heschel
Authors: Sevilla Godinez Hector
Published: January 2021

El presente texto tiene como finalidad mostrar la convergencia entre ética, política y mística judía. Para ello, se parte de un conjunto de reflexiones aportadas por Abraham Heschel, un rabino y filósofo polaco que vivó durante el siglo XX. El artículo se encuentra dividido en cuatro partes, abordando en primer lugar el compromiso ético y político que se desprende de la filosofía de la religión propuesta por Heschel. Posteriormente, se alude al valor de la acción y la implicación de lo religioso con lo social, de lo místico con lo político. En un tercer momento se enfatiza el sentido del servicio, entendido como aportes individuales para la construcción del bien comunitario. Por último, la atención se dirige a la invitación de Heschel para la promoción de la justicia y serán aludidos diversos aspectos de su relación con Luther King.
Análisis del uso de las redes sociales de las instituciones
de educación superior catalanas
Authors: Pérez-Bonaventura Marc , Tárrega Salomé , Vilajosana Jordi
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCCIÓN. En la actualidad, la competencia entre las
universidades ha aumentado de forma importante y los alumnos pueden
elegir entre muchas opciones. En este contexto, las universidades
necesitan el marketing para destacar y ser las elegidas. En la era
de Internet y la web 2.0 parte de la comunicación universitaria se
ha trasladado a las redes sociales y estas son una de las mejores
formas para llegar a los estudiantes. Este trabajo investiga las
redes sociales de las universidades de Cataluña. MÉTODO. Se han
estudiado los seguidores, las publicaciones y la interacción que
consiguen en Facebook, Instagram, Twitter y YouTube las doce
universidades catalanas. Se recopilaron los datos en dos momentos:
entre el 15 y el 21 de febrero de 2018 (seguidores) y entre el 20 y
el 26 de junio de 2018 (todas las variables). RESULTADOS. Se aprecia
un uso muy desigual de las redes entre las diferentes universidades
y también en una misma universidad. Se detectan diferencias
importantes entre los resultados en valores absolutos y relativos,
así como entre las universidades públicas y privadas. DISCUSIÓN. Se
observa una falta de planificación y estrategia en las redes
sociales, por parte de las universidades, acentuada en las
universidades públicas en contraste con las privadas.
Test anxiety among English language learners: A case of
vocabulary testing using multiple-choice items and error
identification tests
Authors: Khoshhal Yasin
Published: January 2021

Introduction. This study sought to discern the impact of
test anxiety on English language learners’ test performance. Method.
Fifty female learners at intermediate and upper-intermediate levels
of English were divided into two groups – Multiple-Choice (MC) and
Error Identification (EI) – according to their scores in vocabulary
tests given in the pre-treatment phase. A questionnaire was then
administered to assess the level of anxiety brought about by these
tests. During a 20-week period the EI group received lesson plans
designed based on error-identification activities, while the MC
group was offered instructions including multiple-choice items.
After the treatment, the same tests and questionnaire were
administered. Results and Discussion. The findings showed that the
level of test anxiety was higher in the EI group compared with the
MC group. The positive role of familiarization and the negative
impact of debilitative anxiety were observed through this study. The
findings of the current study can be transferred to other high-stake
proficiency tests.
La gamificación en juego: percepción de los estudiantes sobre
un escape room educativo en el aula de español como lengua
extranjera
Authors: Martín-Queralt Cristina , Batlle-Rodríguez Jaume
Published: January 2021

INTRODUCCIÓN. Los escape rooms son actualmente un
entretenimiento muy popular y se ha demostrado, además, que ofrecen
numerosos beneficios en otros campos como la enseñanza de lenguas
extranjeras. Dentro del ámbito de la gamificación, los juegos de
escape se comprenden como adecuados para paliar actitudes negativas
y promover la comunicación, el trabajo en equipo, la cooperación y
el desarrollo de un aprendizaje significativo acorde a las
necesidades e intereses del alumnado. MÉTODO Y OBJETIVOS. Este
estudio, de carácter exploratorio, tiene como objetivos conocer qué
valoración hacen los alumnos sobre un escape room educativo tras
participar en él y qué elementos les han suscitado más aprendizaje
en el marco de la enseñanza de español como lengua extranjera (ELE),
y además pretende poner de manifiesto el valor de los escape rooms
como estrategia metodológica adecuada para la enseñanza-aprendizaje
de ELE. RESULTADOS. El análisis de los cuestionarios de percepción
demuestra que los alumnos valoran positivamente el escape room
educativo como herramienta y como propuesta didáctica para la
enseñanza-aprendizaje de ELE. CONCLUSIÓN. Los alumnos valoran
positivamente la participación en la experiencia didáctica y
consideran que han aprendido significativamente, sobre todo en
relación con el desarrollo de la comprensión y los contenidos
tratados sobre la cultura hispanoamericana.
Scattering paths in test optical bench for LISA mission
Authors: Nardello Marco , Lintz Michel , Buy Christelle , on behalf of the LISA-France collaboration
Published: January 2021

Scattered light can disrupt heterodyne measurements in the ZIFO test bench for LISA mission. This study shows a method to find all possible scattering paths and calculate their power, confirming the feasibility of the system.
Creating and measuring quantum states of sound
Authors: Chu Yiwen
Published: January 2021

I will present our experiments on controlling the quantum state of a bulk acoustic wave resonator using its interaction with superconducting circuits and show that the same mechanical objects also couple efficiently to infrared light.
Veselago lensing with Weyl metamaterials
Authors: Yang Yang , Bi Yangang , Peng Liang , Yang Biao , Ma Shaojie , Chan Hsun-Chi , Xiang Yuanjiang , Zhang Shuang
Published: January 2021

Negative refraction is an exotic optical phenomenon that is usually
observed at the interface between a positive-index material and a
negative-index, or “left-handed” material. One direct application of
negative refraction is the Veselago lens, a flat lens that can focus
the light emitted by a point source located on one side of the
negative index medium onto the opposite side. Besides negative-index
materials, Veselago lensing effect has been observed with
two-dimensional crystals possessing Dirac points, such as graphene for
electrons. Here we observe all-angle negative refraction and Veselago
imaging in three dimensions with a Type I Weyl metamaterial.
Furthermore, our ideal Weyl metamaterial exhibits remarkable
spin-selective transmission around the Weyl frequency that arises from
its intrinsic chiral optical response. Our results show that the ideal
Weyl metacrystal provides a versatile platform for lensing
applications and novel photon-spin selective devices.
Optomechanical wave mixing by a single quantum dot
Authors: Weiß Matthias , Wigger Daniel , Nägele Maximilian , Müller Kai , Finley Jonathan J. , Kuhn Tilmann , Machnikowski Paweł , Krenner Hubert J.
Published: January 2021

Wave mixing is an archetypical phenomenon in bosonic systems. In optomechanics, the bidirectional conversion between electromagnetic waves or photons at optical frequencies and elastic waves or phonons at radio frequencies is building on precisely this fundamental principle. Surface acoustic waves (SAWs) provide a versatile interconnect on a chip and thus enable the optomechanical control of remote systems. Here we report on the coherent nonlinear three-wave mixing between the coherent fields of two radio frequency SAWs and optical laser photons via the dipole transition of a single quantum dot exciton. In the resolved sideband regime, we demonstrate fundamental acoustic analogues of sum and difference frequency generation between the two SAWs and employ phase matching to deterministically enhance or suppress individual sidebands. This transfer between the acoustic and optical domains is described by theory that fully takes into account direct and virtual multiphonon processes. Finally, we show that the precision of the wave mixing is limited by the frequency accuracy of modern radio frequency electronics.
Tutorial for analyzing coherent Raman spectra excited with chirped femtosecond sources
Authors: Guzman-Santiago Giovanni , Villanueva-Luna Adrian E. , Licea-Rodriguez Jacob , Rocha-Mendoza Israel
Published: January 2021

Coherent Raman spectroscopy (CRS) and imaging have been used successfully for the label-free visualization and analysis of functional and endogenous biomolecules in complex biological samples. The interest in implementing these methodologies worldwide in research laboratories has increased in recent years; however, many practical challenges are faced in the implementation process. One of them is identifying from scratch different coherent Raman signals when broadband femtosecond sources are utilized. We present a straightforward methodology to identify and analyze the multiple excited resonant SRS/CARS signals using a simple spectrophotometer in this work to expand the understanding of this particular branch of CRS. The coherent Raman experiments are conducted in the so-called temporal slit configuration using a broadband femtosecond laser source to obtain the excitation pump and Stokes beams and high group velocity dispersion glass to temporally stretch the pulses; but in a non-conventional and non-optimum configuration for CRS experiments neither for spectral focusing (single-frequency measurements) nor for mixing of a broadband pulse with a narrow band pulse (multiplexed detection). Despite that, we demonstrate our methodology's feasibility to extract and analyze complex to discern coherent Raman spectra. We use dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and β-phase barium meta-borate crystal (BBO) and discuss molecular vibrations identified in the spectral range from 300 to 800 cm−1 from both kinds of CRS spectra, stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS).
Backpropagation through nonlinear units for the all-optical training of neural networks
Authors: Guo Xianxin , Barrett Thomas D. , Wang Zhiming M. , Lvovsky A. I.
Published: January 2021

We propose a practical scheme for end-to-end optical backpropagation in neural networks. Using saturable absorption for the nonlinear units, we find that the backward-propagating gradients required to train the network can be approximated in a surprisingly simple pump-probe scheme that requires only simple passive optical elements. Simulations show that, with readily obtainable optical depths, our approach can achieve equivalent performance to state-of-the-art computational networks on image classification benchmarks, even in deep networks with multiple sequential gradient approximation. With backpropagation through nonlinear units being an outstanding challenge to the field, this work provides a feasible path toward truly all-optical neural networks.
Synergistic effect of picosecond optical and nanosecond electrical pulses on dielectric breakdown in aqueous solutions
Authors: Coker Zachary N. , Liang Xiao-Xuan , Kiester Allen S. , Noojin Gary D. , Bixler Joel N. , Ibey Bennett L. , Vogel Alfred , Yakovlev Vladislav V.
Published: January 2021

The combined effect of short (picosecond) optical and (nanosecond) electrical pulses on dielectric breakdown is investigated both theoretically and experimentally. It was demonstrated that nanosecond electrical pulses (nsEPs), being applied simultaneously with picosecond optical pulses, reduce the threshold for optical breakdown. Experimental results are discussed with respect to an extended model for opto-electrical-induced breakdown. The newly unveiled effect is expected to play a significant role in spatially confined electroporation and further advances in laser-ablation-based processes while also allowing for measurements of ambipolar diffusion constants.
Structured laser beams: toward 2-μm femtosecond laser vortices
Authors: Zhao Yongguang , Wang Li , Chen Weidong , Loiko Pavel , Mateos Xavier , Xu Xiaodong , Liu Ying , Shen Deyuan , Wang Zhengping , Xu Xinguang , Griebner Uwe , Petrov Valentin
Published: January 2021

Structured ultrashort-pulse laser beams, and in particular eigenmodes of the paraxial Helmholtz equation, are currently extensively studied for novel potential applications in various fields, e.g., laser plasma acceleration, attosecond science, and fine micromachining. To extend these prospects further, in the present work we push forward the advancement of such femtosecond structured laser sources into the 2-μm spectral region. Ultrashort-pulse Hermite– and Laguerre–Gaussian laser modes both with a pulse duration around 100 fs are successfully produced from a compact solid-state laser in combination with a simple single-cylindrical-lens converter. The negligible beam astigmatism, the broad optical spectra, and the almost chirp-free pulses emphasize the high reliability of this laser source. This work, as a proof of principle study, paves the way toward few-cycle pulse generation of optical vortices at 2 μm. The presented light source can enable new research in the fields of interaction with organic materials, next generation optical detection, and optical vortex infrared supercontinuum.
Performing point-of-care molecular testing for SARS-CoV-2 with RNA extraction and isothermal amplification
Authors: Garneret Pierre , Coz Etienne , Martin Elian , Manuguerra Jean-Claude , Brient-Litzler Elodie , Enouf Vincent , González Obando Daniel Felipe , Olivo-Marin Jean-Christophe , Monti Fabrice , van der Werf Sylvie , Vanhomwegen Jessica , Tabeling Patrick
Published: January 2021

To respond to the urgent need for COVID-19 testing, countries perform nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in centralized laboratories. Real-time RT—PCR (Reverse transcription—Polymerase Chain Reaction), used to amplify and detect the viral RNA., is considered, as the current gold standard for diagnostics. It is an efficient process, but the complex engineering required for automated RNA extraction and temperature cycling makes it incompatible for use in point of care settings [1]. In the present work, by harnessing progress made in the past two decades in isothermal amplification and paper microfluidics, we created a portable test, in which SARS-CoV-2 RNA is extracted, amplified isothermally by RT—LAMP (Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification), and detected using intercalating dyes or fluorescent probes. Depending on the viral load in the tested samples, the detection takes between twenty minutes and one hour. Using a set of 16 pools of naso-pharyngal swab eluates, we estimated a limit of detection comparable to real-time RT-PCR (i.e. 1 genome copies per microliter of clinical sample) and no cross‐reaction with eight major respiratory viruses currently circulating in Europe. We designed and fabricated an easy-to-use portable device called “COVIDISC” to carry out the test at the point of care. The low cost of the materials along with the absence of complex equipment will expedite the widespread dissemination of this device. What is proposed here is a new efficient tool to help managing the pandemics.
Comparison of pathologic outcomes of robotic and open resections for rectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Guo Yinyin , Guo Yichen , Luo Yanxin , Song Xia , Zhao Hui , Li Laiyuan
Published: January 2021

Objective

The application of robotic surgery for rectal cancer is increasing steadily. The purpose of this meta-analysis is to compare pathologic outcomes among patients with rectal cancer who underwent open rectal surgery (ORS) versus robotic rectal surgery (RRS).

Methods

We systematically searched the literature of EMBASE, PubMed, the Cochrane Library of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and nonrandomized controlled trials (nRCTs) comparing ORS with RRS.

Results

Fourteen nRCTs, including 2711 patients met the predetermined inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. Circumferential resection margin (CRM) positivity (OR: 0.58, 95% CI, 0.29 to 1.16, P = 0.13), number of harvested lymph nodes (WMD: −0.31, 95% CI, −2.16 to 1.53, P = 0.74), complete total mesorectal excision (TME) rates (OR: 0.93, 95% CI, 0.48 to 1.78, P = 0.83) and the length of distal resection margins (DRM) (WMD: −0.01, 95% CI, −0.26 to 0.25, P = 0.96) did not differ significantly between the RRS and ORS groups.

Conclusion

Based on the current evidence, robotic resection for rectal cancer provided equivalent pathological outcomes to ORS in terms of CRM positivity, number of harvested lymph nodes and complete TME rates and DRM.
Rapid detection of ERG11 polymorphism associated azole resistance in Candida tropicalis
Authors: Paul Saikat , Dadwal Rajneesh , Singh Shreya , Shaw Dipika , Chakrabarti Arunaloke , Rudramurthy Shivaprakash M. , Ghosh Anup K.
Published: January 2021

Increasing reports of azole resistance inCandida tropicalis, highlight the development of rapid resistance detection techniques. Nonsynonymous mutations in the lanosterol C14 alpha-demethylase (ERG11) gene is one of the predominant mechanisms of azole resistance inC.tropicalis. We evaluated the tetra primer-amplification refractory mutation system-PCR (T-ARMS-PCR), restriction site mutation (RSM), and high-resolution melt (HRM) analysis methods for rapid resistance detection based onERG11polymorphism inC.tropicalis. Twelve azole-resistant and 19 susceptible isolates ofC.tropicaliswere included. DNA sequencing of the isolates was performed to check theERG11polymorphism status among resistant and susceptible isolates. Three approaches T-ARMS-PCR, RSM, and HRM were evaluated and validated for the rapid detection ofERG11mutation. The fluconazole MICs for the 12 resistant and 19 susceptible isolates were 32–256 mg/L and 0.5–1 mg/L, respectively. The resistant isolates showed A339T and C461T mutations in theERG11gene. The T-ARMS-PCR and RSM approaches discriminated all the resistant and susceptible isolates, whereas HRM analysis differentiated all except one susceptible isolate. The sensitivity, specificity, analytical sensitivity, time, and cost of analysis suggests that these three methods can be utilized for the rapid detection ofERG11mutations inC.tropicalis. Additionally, an excellent concordance with DNA sequencing was noted for all three methods. The rapid, sensitive, and inexpensive T-ARMS-PCR, RSM, and HRM approaches are suitable for the detection of azole resistance based onERG11polymorphism inC.tropicalisand can be implemented in clinical setups for batter patient management.
Assessment of novel probiotic strains on growth, hematobiochemical parameters, and production costs of commercial broilers in Bangladesh
Authors: Shah S. M. Tanjil , Islam Md. Tanvir , Zabin Rakiba , Roy Pravas Chandra , Meghla Nigar Sultana , Jahid Iqbal Kabir
Published: January 2021

Background and Aim: The use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) in the poultry industry has raised concern because of their potential harm to human health. Emerging evidence suggests that probiotics are a safer substitute, although little research has explored this in Bangladesh. We recently isolated local bacterial strains with probiotic properties. We aimed to determine their impact on the growth, hematobiochemical parameters, and production costs of broiler chicks relative to that of a commercial probiotic (CP) and AGP.

Materials and Methods: Day-old male broiler chicks (Cobb 500, n=63) were divided equally into three experimental groups (three replicates per group and seven chicks per replicate). First group was fed a basal diet supplemented with the AGP, ciprofloxacin (CTL group), second group was fed a basal diet supplemented with the CP, Protexin® (CP group), and the third group was fed a basal diet supplemented with our isolated bacterial strains (study probiotic [SP] group) for 36 days. Body weight was recorded daily, and relative growth rate (RGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and organ weights and carcass yields were calculated at the study's end. Blood obtained on day 36 was used to determine the number of red blood cell (RBC) and white blood cells (WBCs), hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, packed cell volume, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, as well as levels of serum glucose, total and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides (TGs). Total production costs were estimated by summing the variable and fixed costs.

Results: Chicks in both the CP and SP groups experienced significant decreases in blood glucose levels and significant increases in BW, RGR, FCR, levels of RBC and WBC, Hb concentration, and packed cell volume compared with those in the CTL group (p<0.05 for all). Our data suggested a numerical reduction (p>0.05) in levels of total cholesterol, TGs, and HDL in the SP and CP groups when compared to the CTL group. In addition, both CP and SP treatments resulted in significant (p<0.05) gains in net profit compared with the treatment given to the CTL group.

Conclusion: Administration of probiotics, either from a commercialized or local source, led to greater improvements in growth, hematological parameters, and net profits of broiler chicks when compared with that of an AGP. This suggests that they are suitable alternatives to the AGPs used in poultry feed and that our isolated strains, in particular, are an ideal option for farmers in Bangladesh.
Private Capital in the Railway Construction Process in Turkestan (70s of the 19th -Early 20th Centuries)
Authors: Bochkareva I.B.
Published: January 2021

The state and private capital, mainly foreign, were the main actors of Russian railway network creating process in the post-reform period. At the same time, in Turkestan, the Russian Government consciously discouraged private initiatives in the field of railway construction for a long time, preventing private capital from acquiring the quality of an actor along with the state. Although the government maintained a policy of building railways in the region at the Treasury expense, since the 1870s it has regularly received applications for the right to build Railways on the terms of private concessions. The article examines the content of private railway projects and the nature of concession rights that entrepreneurs requested from the government. The author comes to the conclusion that most of them preceded the state's decisions on the railway line construction in Turkestan, as in the case of the Trans-Caspian railway line extension from Samarkand to Tashkent and Andijan. In this regard, private initiative played a role as a factor in the state's decision - making process on the further development of the region's railway network.
The Narratives of Muslim Women of Central Asia about "Liberation": the Voice of the Subaltern? (1920s-1930s)
Authors: Sherstyukov S.A.
Published: January 2021

This article examines the narratives of Muslim women in Central Asia about their experience of their emancipation. Gender issues occupy an important place in postcolonial studies which have progressed rapidly in recent decades. Can the analytical language and approaches develop within the framework of postcolonial studies be applied to the study of Soviet history? This issue continues to be the subject of discussion among Russian and Western authors. However, it is obvious that when studying some aspects of the life of Soviet society, it is impossible to ignore the experience of studying colonial and postcolonial societies. The author, repeating the question posed by postcolonial researchers about whether the Subaltern can speak, tries to answer it by focusing on the narratives of Muslim women in Central Asia about “liberation”. These narratives were an important part of the Soviet discourse on the emancipation of women. Muslim women's gaining a voice (individual and collective) was seen as an important indicator of the success of policies aimed at "liberating" women. Analysis of Muslim women's narratives about "liberation" provided an opportunity to see the similarity of their structure, as well as how the structure of narratives changed in the 1930s.
A munkavállalói tudás hasznosításának új lehetősége felsőoktatási keretek között
Authors: Berde Csaba , Móré Mariann
Published: January 2021

A szerzők tanulmányukban áttekintést kívánnak adni az előzetes tudás, a munkahelyi tanulás és a tudás felsőoktatási keretekben való elismeréséről. Céljuk az, hogy ráirányítsák a szervezetek figyelmét egy olyan törvény által biztosított lehetőségre, amelynek bevezetése érdeke a munkaerő-piaci szereplőknek is. Hazánkban az egyetemek/főiskolák még csak ismerkednek az előzetes tudás elismerésének elveivel, de a kutatások szerint nagyon gyenge az érdekeltségük. Ez a megközelítés változhat, ha a szervezetek, a szakmai kamarák megfogalmazzák a tudáselismerés iránti igényüket, s ezzel felgyorsítják a törvény által már biztosított validáció széles körű elterjedését.
TREF – Total Risk Evaluation Framework: integrált kockázatmenedzsment-szemléletű keretrendszer kifejlesztése és bevezetése egy magyarországi termelővállalatnál
Authors: Kovács Zoltán , Kosztyán Zsolt Tibor , Csizmadia Tibor
Published: January 2021

A felhasználók, a szabványos és törvényi előírások ma már több területen kikényszerítették a kockázatok elemzését és kezelését. A jelenlegi rendszerek alapvető jellemzői, hogy a vállalatokon belüli rendszerek egymástól elkülönülten működnek. Ennek oka az eltérő időpontban, eltérő követelmények, valamint különböző felfogás szerint történt rendszerbevezetés. Az integráció elsősorban vállalati szinten történik, az elemzés szempontját alapvetően az adott funkcionális terület filozófiája határozza meg. Emiatt ritkán kerül sor egy termék vagy folyamat által hordozott összes kockázat módszeres számbavételére. A szabványosítás területén vannak törekvések az integrált szemlélet érvényesítésére. Ez részben már megjelent az ISO 9001 (Minőségirányítási Rendszer [MIR]), az ISO 14001 (Környezetközpontú Irányítási Rendszer [KIR]) és az MSZ 28001 (Munkahelyi Egészségvédelem és Biztonsági Rendszer [MEBIR]) szabványok vonatkozásában. Az ISO 31000 szabványcsalád általános útmutatást ad egy szervezeten belül a kockázatkezelési folyamat tervezésére, megvalósítására és fenntartására. A jelenlegi tanulmány alapvető célja egy olyan újszerű módszer bemutatása, amely lehetővé teszi a különböző irányítási rendszerek hierarchikus, folyamatcentrikus, kockázatmenedzsment-alapú integrációját.
A beszerzés szerepe az innovációban (The role of procurement in innovation)
Authors: Vörösmarty Gyöngyi , Kiss János
Published: January 2021

Az innováció nemzetközi irodalma mindig is nagy jelentőséget tulajdonított az innováció vállalaton kívüli forrásainak, a beszerzési irodalomban pedig újabban egyre több szerző foglalkozik azzal, hogy a beszerzési funkció miként vállaljon nagyobb szerepet az innovációban. Ebből kiindulva a szerzők tanulmánya a beszerzés szerepét elemzi az innovációban, s a nemzetközi szakirodalom eredményei alapján igyekszik feltárni és rendszerezni az ezt befolyásoló tényezőket. A szerzők célja az volt, hogy öt hazai interjú segítségével az irodalmi eredményeket egy kérdőíves kutatásban tesztelhető keretté fejlesszék tovább. _____ The innovation literature has always attached much importance to the outward sources of innovation and the purchasing literature has started to stress recently that the purchasing organisations have to contribute more to the innovation. Our study analyses the role of the purchasing function based on literature results. It summarises the results in a model, which is further developed with the help of 5 interviews.
A szervezeti polgár magatartás és az észlelt szervezeti kultúra összefüggései a köz- és a versenyszféra munkavállalóinak körében
Authors: Kozák Anita , Dajnoki Krisztina
Published: January 2021

A tanulmány célja feltárni, hogy a közszférában és a versenyszférában dolgozó munkavállalók által észlelt szervezeti kultúra, valamint az általuk tanúsított szervezeti polgár magatartás között van-e statisztikailag kimutatható kapcsolat. Ennek érdekében a szerzők kérdőíves megkérdezést alkalmaztak, kényelmi mintán történt a tesztelés. Az összesen 410 értékelhető válaszív beérkezését követően nem-paraméteres statisztikai próbák segítségével elemezték az adatokat. Az eredmények alapján megállítható, hogy a magánszférában dolgozó válaszadók körében mind a négy észlelt kultúratípus jellegzetességei, az állami szektorban foglalkoztatott megkérdezettek esetében pedig csupán az észlelt klán- és hierarchiakultúra jegyei vannak összefüggésben a szervezeti polgár magatartással. A kutatás emellett arra is rávilágított, hogy a szervezeti polgár magatartás minden dimenziója magasabb az állami szektorban foglalkoztatottak minősítései alapján, a versenyszektorban dolgozó megkérdezettek pedig fokozottabban észlelik a piac, az adhokrácia és a klánkultúra jegyeit.
Association of insulin resistance and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Mishina Ekaterina E. , Mayorov Alexander Y. , Bogomolov Pavel O. , Liusina Ekaterina O. , Bueverov Alexey O.
Published: January 2021

BACKGROUND:The number of patients with chronic metabolic disorders such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is growing at an alarming rate worldwide in both developed and developing countries. In the world, the prevalence of NAFLD is approaching 25%. Among patients with T2D, 70–80% are diagnosed with NAFLD. Insulin resistance (IR) is recognized as one of the main pathogenetic factors in the development of the most common chronic liver disease — NAFLD.

AIM:Our search work was aimed at determining the contribution of the degree of IR to the progression of NAFLD; compare the gold standard for the determination of IR (clamp) and the mathematical model (HOMA-IR).

METHODS:An observational one-stage open comparative study was conducted on the basis of the case-control principle. The objects of the study were overweight and obese patients who had not previously been diagnosed carbohydrate metabolism disorders, without secondary causes of fat accumulation in the liver. During the examination, clinical and laboratory studies were carried out, IR indices (M-index, HOMA-IR index) were obtained, a diagnosis of carbohydrate metabolism disturbance (or its absence) was made, a liver biopsy was made, morphological and clinical diagnoses were made.

RESULTS:The analysis included information about 60 patients, they are divided into 3 groups: without NAFLD (7 people), with steatosis (18 people), with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) (35 people), groups are comparable by age, gender, and body mass index (BMI), glycated hemoglobin. When assessing the degree of IR using the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp test, 19 showed a severe degree of IR, 28 had a moderate degree, 8 had a mild degree, and 5 had no IR. In the three studied groups, the median IR corresponded to an average degree and did not significantly differ. When comparing the gold standard for determining IR and the mathematical model (HOMA-IR) in the studied groups, an negative significant correlation was revealed (p = 0,0001).

CONCLUSIONS:In the course of our study, no correlation was found between the degree of IR and the severity of NAFLD. This result allows us to think about other pathogenetic factors that affect the progression of NAFLD.
Insights Ortodônticos
Authors: Almeida Marcio
Published: January 2021

Neste editorial, resolvi fazer um apanhado dos artigos que comporão esta edição, já que nossa revista sofreu recentemente uma reformulação das seções e colunas. Como o leitor pôde perceber, adotamos ao longo do tempo duas novas seções clínicas: “Cantinho do Clínico” e “Cantinho dos Alinhadores”.
Tratamento compensatório da Classe III esquelética e dentária em paciente do sexo masculino em crescimento
Authors: Froner Adriano
Published: January 2021

OBJETIVO: Relatar o diagnóstico, o planejamento e a forma de tratamento de um paciente de 14 anos de idade com má oclusão de Classe III esquelética e dentária. RELATO DE CASO: Paciente apresentando má oclusão com relação de Classe III completa de molares no lado esquerdo, desvio da linha média dentária inferior para a direita e mordida cruzada anterior e posterior direita. A falta de colaboração inicial do paciente (que se encontrava na fase do surto de crescimento puberal) e a presença generalizada de diastemas em ambas as arca- das foram determinantes para a escolha da abordagem com o aparelho ortodôntico corretivo combinado ao aparelho funcional fixo Power Scope, que, por sua vez, proporcionou a melhora da relação sagital das arcadas e a correção da mordida cruzada anterior e, dessa forma, a gradativa aceitação do paciente quanto à utilização da mentoneira e dos elásticos intermaxilares tipo swing (anterior oblíquo) e Classe III, dando condições para a continuidade do tratamento, melhora na fase de finalização e o aumento da estabilidade oclusal. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÃO: Ao fim desse tratamento ortodôntico compensatório, foi alcançada uma harmonização das linhas do sorriso e dos traços faciais, com correção da assimetria da arcada inferior, das mordidas cruzadas, da relação de Classe III do lado esquerdo, além da redução dos espaços interdentários e a correção da discrepância de Bolton, com excesso anteroinferior de 4,5mm.
О знакопеременных и ограниченных решениях одного класса интегральных уравнений на всей оси с монотонной нелинейностью
Authors: Хачатрян Хачатур Агавардович , Khachatryan Khachatur Aghavardovich , Петросян Айкануш Самвеловна , Petrosyan Haykanush Samvelovna
Published: January 2021

Работа посвящена исследованию существования, а также анализу качественных свойств решений для одного класса интегральных уравнений с монотонной нелинейностью на всей прямой. Указанный класс уравнений возникает в кинетической теории газов. Доказаны конструктивные теоремы существования ограниченных решений и изучены определенные качественные свойства построенных решений. В конце работы приведены конкретные прикладные примеры указанных уравнений.
Влияние размеров области поверхностного упрочнения на напряженно-деформированное состояние балки с надрезом полукруглого профиля
Authors: Радченко Владимир Павлович , Radchenko Vladimir Pavlovich , Шишкин Дмитрий Михайлович , Shishkin Dmitry Mikhailovich
Published: January 2021

Исследуется влияние размеров области поверхностного пластического упрочнения на напряженно-деформированное состояние балки с надрезом полукруглого профиля. Задача сведена к краевой задаче фиктивной термоупругости, при этом начальные (пластические) деформации моделируются температурными анизотропными деформациями в неоднородном температурном поле. Решение реализовано на основе метода конечных элементов.
Для модельных расчетов в качестве исходной информации использовались экспериментальные данные о распределении остаточных напряжений в гладкой балке из сплава ЭП742 после ультразвукового механического упрочнения. Выполнен вариативный численный анализ влияния радиуса надреза и величины зоны упрочнения грани балки на распределение компонент тензора остаточных напряжений в наименьшем сечении от дна концентратора.
Показано, что при величине зоны упрочнения более 16-20 % от площади всей грани напряженно-деформированное состояние в наименьшем сечении практически стабилизируется. Установлено, что если радиус полукруглого надреза меньше толщины упрочненного слоя (области сжатия материала), то происходит увеличение (по модулю) нормальной продольной компоненты тензора остаточных напряжений, а если радиус надреза больше толщины упрочненного слоя, то наблюдается уменьшение (по модулю) этой величины по сравнению с аналогичной компонентой для гладкой упрочненной балки для всех величин зоны упрочнения более 16-20 % от площади всей грани балки.
Выполнена экспериментальная проверка разработанного численного метода на основе метода конечных элементов для балки с полностью упрочненной гранью.
Pyrogen testing revisited on occasion of the 25th anniversary of the whole blood monocyte activation test
Authors: Hartung Thomas
Published: January 2021

The whole blood pyrogen test invented 25 years ago, and its variant based on cryo-preserved blood one year later, brought momentum into the field of pyrogen testing, which, despite the broad application of the Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) assay, aka bacterial endotoxin test (BET), consumed several hundred thousand rabbits per year world-wide. The resulting international validation and lengthy acceptance and implementation process of what are called now monocyte activation tests (MATs) finally is impacting on animal numbers – at least in Europe – reducing them by more than 70% and counting. The author sees no reason for continuing any regulatory rabbit testing for pyrogens except the lack of acceptance of MATs in some regions of the world. The availability of MATs has opened also the discussion about the shortcomings of LAL/BET, namely its restriction to Gram-negative pyrogens, non-reflection of the potency of these in humans, interference and masking by many products, and animal welfare concerns for horseshoe crabs. The obvious advantages of MATs in all these respects should lead to a shift from LAL/BET to MATs. We are starting to see this for vac­cines and medical devices, but other areas like safety testing of blood transfusions, cell therapies and nanomaterials, and the assessment of air-borne pyrogens still need to grasp the opportunity provided by MATs. While the different MATs can jointly serve these needs, the whole blood MAT has some advantages as discussed here.
A Product Pain-Pleasure Framework for Software Product Design in the Usability and User Experience Domains
Authors: Hashim Wahidah , Mkpojiogu Emmanuel O.C. , Hussain Azham , Abdul-Aziz Shahrun Nizam
Published: January 2021

This study utilized a literature review strategy to examine prior literature pertaining to the frameworks concerning how to minimize users‘ pain and maximize their pleasure while interacting with the designs of interactive products. The findings of the study reveal that several such frameworks are in existence and are mainly in other domains different from usability and user experience. In these, the emphasis were mostly on satisfaction and dissatisfaction criteria which do not cover the broader perspectives of user experience that comprise hedonic, affective, aesthetics and other hedonomic facets. This prompts for the development of a framework that tailored to usability and user experience concerns to enable user experience designers design interactive products that will enhance users‘ experience. The proposed framework was adapted from previous related frameworks It is a three-factor framework that is composed of pain factors, linear factors and pleasure factors. The study proposes this framework to facilitate the design of interactive systems that improves the experience of users.
An Art of Review on Conceptual based Information Retrieval
Authors: Mahalakshmi P. , Fathima N. Sabiyath
Published: January 2021

Basically keywords are used to index and retrieve the documents for the user query in a conventional information retrieval systems. When more than one keywords are used for defining the single concept in the documents and in the queries, inaccurate and incomplete results were produced by keyword based retrieval systems. Additionally, manual interventions are required for determining the relationship between the related keywords in terms of semantics to produce the accurate results which have paved the way for semantic search. Various research work has been carried out on concept based information retrieval to tackle the difficulties that are caused by the conventional keyword search and the semantic search systems. This paper aims at elucidating various representation of text that is responsible for retrieving relevant search results, approaches along with the evaluation that are carried out in conceptual information retrieval, the challenges faced by the existing research to expatiate requirements of future research. In addition, the conceptual information that are extracted from the different sources for utilizing the semantic representation by the existing systems have been discussed.
Determinants of Attitudes of Computer Users: an Approach to the Technology Acceptance Model and Social Cognitive Theory
Authors: in Amirudd , Pontoh Grace T. , Sriningsih Endang
Published: January 2021

This work desires to observe and analyze (1) the computer anxiety consequence, self-adequacy of technology, perceived playfulness and understood ease of use the approach of using computers; (2) the consequence of computer anxiety, computer self-adequacy, and perceived playfulness, on the attitude of using computers mediated by. This study is a significant research and uses survey methods with data collection techniques using questionnaires and data analyzed using AMOS statistical software. The outcomes demonstrated that (1) computer self-adequacy, perceived playfulness and had a serious influence on the mentality of utilizing computers; (2) computer anxiety doesn’t have a straight influence on the attitude of using a computer; and (3) computer self-efficacy, computer anxiety and perceived playfulness have a serious influence on the potential of using computers across whole variable anticipated usability. This research can give to the development of science and technology with the Technology Acceptance Model and Social Cognitive Theory which theoretically can provide evidence and support for the progress of research in the scope of behavioral accounting, can form a positive attitude of students in the learning process so as to produce outstanding graduates who are able to accept technological developments.
Reflexiones en torno a la enseñanza de la arquitectura y el urbanismo en Colombia
Authors: Ávila-Gómez Andrés
Published: January 2021

La coyuntura social y económica actual marcada por una pandemia, parece poner en evidencia la caducidad de ideas y estructuras con las cuales se han enseñado desde el siglo pasado. En este sentido, la incertidumbre generada durante el 2020 en el medio universitario en torno al futuro inmediato de la educación superior se debate entre el entusiasmo puesto por algunos sectores en las ventajas ofrecidas por las nuevas tecnologías y el escepticismo que otros sectores expresan en torno a lo que pueda resultar como producto de la avalancha de transformaciones radicales en las formas como se transmite el conocimiento. En este contexto, y específicamente en el caso colombiano, reflexionar en torno a un tema que hasta ahora ha sido tratado de manera aislada y bastante fragmentaria: la historia de la enseñanza de la arquitectura y el urbanismo a partir de la creación de la primera facultad de arquitectura en 1936. Ante estas constataciones, y con el propósito de aportar nuevos elementos y perspectivas se han preparado una serie de entrevistas a arquitectos que durante el último medio siglo se han destacado en la esfera de la enseñanza de la arquitectura y el urbanismo, en instituciones universitarias colombianas -y en algunos casos también a nivel latinoamericano-. El interés se centra en indagar y profundizar en la reconstrucción de aquellos contextos culturales y pedagógicos que enmarcaron y condicionaron la formación recibida por los entrevistados durante su época como estudiantes en facultades de arquitectura de universidades colombianas y extranjeras. Al sondear la memoria de los protagonistas de esta historia, se espera que, el presente texto pueda estimular el interés de nuevas generaciones de estudiantes e investigadores por el estudio y conocimiento de la historia de la enseñanza de las profesiones aquí evocadas.
ҐЕНДЕРНІ ВИМІРИ ЄВРЕЙСЬКОЇ ТЕМИ У ПОЕЗІЇ ЛЕСІ УКРАЇНКИ
Authors: СЕМЕРИН ХРИСТИНА
Published: January 2021

In the article, Lesia Ukrainka’s poetry based on the Jewish cultural motifs and archetypal plots, mainly of biblical genesis, has been studied. Selected poems are being examined through the lens of imagology and gender theory. The author emphasizes gender nuancing of the Jewish theme developed in the poetry. In the study, the noticeable imagological, and gender aspects are being considered as follows: the legitimation of national identity by gender interactions; a detection of mothers’ competition under the patriarchal pressure; the discourse of a gender communicative abyss; the equalization, and the abolition of gender restrictions in order to create the idea of a person of integrity regardless gender values. In conclusion, it should be noted that the intricate social history of the Hebrew women is being transposed into Ukrainian modernity in Lesia Ukrainka’s poetry.
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE UKRAINIAN HORROR FICTION ON THE BACKGROUND OF EUROPEAN GOTHIC TRADITIONS: A BRIEF OVERVIEW
Authors: Lis-Markiewicz Przemysław
Published: January 2021

Przedmiotem publikacji jest ścisły zarys problematyki ukraińskiej literatury grozy przedstawiony na tle europejskich tradycji gotyckich w literaturze. Poruszone zostało zagadnienie niejednoznaczności stosowanej terminologii, którą zazwyczaj wykorzystuje się do tworzenia metodologii badań oraz ich samych. Autor podejmuje próbę umiejscowienia gotycyzmu literackiego w literaturoznawstwie. Artykuł zawiera zwięzłą analizę specyfiki prozy gotyckiej w literaturze Anglii, Francji, Niemiec, Polski i Czech, jednakże szczególnie wyróżniono ukraiński gotycyzm literacki, jego swoistość, wyjątkowość. Dostrzeżona została również ukraińska proza „chimeryczna”, choć jej zaliczenie do literatury gotyckiej jest sporne. Ukraińskiemu nurtowi gotyckiemu w literaturze właściwe jest również zastosowanie mitologii ludowej, folkloru i demonologii. Autor doszedł downiosku, że gotycyzm literacki w twórczości pisarzy ukraińskich stanowi doniosły wkład do literatury europejskiej, również światowej. Wymaga stałych badań literaturoznawczych z uwagi na jego nieustającą ewolucję i pojawianie się takich nowych gatunków nurtu gotyckiego jak fantastyka, fantasy czy literatura grozy.
Expression and clinical importance of a newly discovered alternative splice variant of the gene for acrosin binding protein found in human brain tumors
Authors: Zheng Baolong
Published: January 2021

Background

Acrosin binding protein (ACRBP) is a member of the cancer–testis antigen (CTA) family. Normally, ACRBP mRNA is expressed only in seminiferous tubules, while abnormally it is expressed in various types of cancers in tumor tissues, such as brain tumor.

Objectives

To determine the expression and clinical impact of a newly discovered splice variant of ACRBP in brain tumor.

Methods

Total RNA was extracted and reverse transcribed from 92 tumor specimens and 3 cell lines. Primers were designed to determine the expression of the new splice variant in all the samples. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was conducted for samples positive in reverse transcriptase-PCR. Association of the expression of ACRBP with the clinicopathological features of the various brain tumors was assessed statistically.

Results

The primers identified a newly discovered splice variant of ACRBP named ACRBP-V5a. The proportions of samples of the various brain tumor types positive for the ACRBP-V5a splicing variant were as follows: astrocytoma 10/33 (30%), glioblastoma 10/30 (33%), medulloblastoma 14/29 (48%), all tumors 34/92 (37%). Although we did not find a significant difference in the proportions of samples of various types of brain tumor tissues positive for the new splice variant (P > 0.05), levels of expression of the ACRBP-V5a splice variant were significantly different for tumor grade (P = 0.01) and tumor type (P = 0.02).

Conclusions

A newly discovered splice variant, ACRBP-V5a, is present in brain tumor. The new splicing variant may have discriminative value and potential importance in molecular-targeted therapy for brain tumors.