bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Opportunities of our state in protecting its interests in the existing migrant crisis with reference to problems with migrants in conflict with the law
Authors: Milović Marko , Darijević Vićentije
Published: February 2022

In the modern world, there are many challenges that rightly create anxiety for the future of humanity. There are security challenges in our country, as well as in the Balkans, Europe and beyond. The problem that has been current for several years is the migrant crisis and how to deal with it. No matter how much we try to bring order to this issue, to reduce security risks for our country, given that these are people of other customs, cultures, habits, lifestyles, etc., there is a threat in this regard, especially from potential terrorist attacks. In the paper, we have pointed out only a few, while paying special attention to the problems with migrants who have come into conflict with the law. It also pointed out the dilemmas and problems that our judicial authorities encounter in criminal proceedings and the possibilities of how to overcome them, bearing in mind that for these migrants we are only a transit route to the countries of Western Europe.
Belgrade architect Milivoj Tričković (1895-1981)
Authors: Pokrajac Marija
Published: February 2022

At a time when Belgrade was recovering from the ravages of war, one of the basic requirements of development was the renovation or reconstruction of the devastated building stock, and the erection of new buildings due to the ever-increasing influx of newcomers into the capital of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. A major role was played in this process by the Technical Directorate of the Municipality of Belgrade, whose architectural department worked diligently on the (re-)construction of the capital. One of the most important architects of the Technical Directorate was the Paris-trained Milivoj Tričković. Although he did not leave behind a large number of buildings, he influenced the development of the architectural profession, both through his publications and writings, and - arguably even moreso - through his role as a professor at the Faculty of Architecture in Belgrade. The aim of this paper is to emphasize the importance of Milivoj Tričković, both as an architect in the construction of Belgrade in the interwar period through new attributions of individual buildings, and in the development of the architectural profession through the education of new generations of architects, by providing an overview of his most significant professional achievements.
Conservation approaches and contemporary technology in the preservation and presentation of the Sahat Kapija complex
Authors: Radovanović Slobodan , Radosavljević Anica
Published: February 2022

Although it acts as the main entrance to the Upper Town of the Belgrade Fortress, the Sahat Kapija (Clock Gate) complex has not been archaeologically or architecturally researched in recent years. However, conservation interventions upon the complex have previously been performed on several occasions, and a new stage of conservation and restoration works, based on previous research and interventions, began in December 2019. The project was undertaken with the aim of protecting the existing fortifications and preserving their authentic condition with interventions being as limited as possible, and of presenting the key components of the fortifications. At the same time, the formation of a new environment was envisaged through the return of the former exhibition space of the Belgrade Fortress to its intended function and the revitalization of new spaces created as a result of the introduction of a damp protection solution, i.e. the space between the two gates, or the never-realized ancillary room of the Sahat Kapija; the creation of a plateau that covers the space between the rampart introduced by Andrej Kornar and the rampart on the side of the Upper Town. In the context of recently completed works carried out with the aim of upgrading, reconstructing, adapting and revitalizating the gate complex, this paper presents the process of works involved in the implementation of this complex conservation and restoration project, which preserved and improved the values of one of the most important parts of Belgrade Fortress, through the application of conservation and restoration methods combined with modern interventions aimed toward spatial revitalization.
Assessment of Exam anxiety level among nursing students
Authors: Dukić Snežana , Golubović Boris
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Exam anxiety is a free-floating feeling of discomfort in situations of preparation, taking tests/exams, which can prolong into the period of completion of the test/exam. Aims: The research aims were to determine the level of test anxiety in nursing students, then whether there are differences in the level of test anxiety in students due to sociodemographic variables, and to establish possible correlations between high levels of test anxiety and sociodemographic variables of students. Methods: The research was conducted as a descriptive cross-sectional study at the Faculty of Medicine in Novi Sad. The study included 144 students of academic nursing studies. The General Questionnaire and the Instrument on Test Anxiety were used as research instruments. Results: Half of the students (50.7%) showed an optimal level of anxiety, and a quarter of them had either a low or high level of test anxiety. The research results confirmed a positive statistically significant association of high levels of examination anxiety with the year of study, material status and pressure of parents and the environment regarding the completion of studies. Conclusion: A high level of test anxiety can significantly affect mastering tasks and achieving the ultimate goal. Because of this, the prevention of test anxiety is essential, which aims to reduce the effects of anxiety due to testing to a level that will enable students to achieve self-control of stress and achieve the best possible results.
Nursing care of a patient with celiac disease during hospital treatment
Authors: Stojanović Sanja , Požar Hajnalka
Published: February 2022

Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune disease of the small intestine that occurs after ingesting foods that contain gluten. In hypersensitive people, gluten from food triggers immune reactions and leads to irritation, inflammation and atrophy of the small intestinal mucosa with consequent malabsorption of nutrients. The only proven treatment for celiac disease is a strict, lifelong gluten-free diet. By following a diet, it is possible to effectively control the disease and preserve the quality of life. However, if the condition worsens, health professionals must ensure adequate nutrition during their stay in the hospital, and treatment in accordance with the identified needs. This paper presents the specifics of determining the need for care in patients with celiac disease (nursing history, determination of nutritional status and elimination data). Then, we considered the most common problems in the field of nursing care such as: knowledge deficit, diarrhea and vomiting, high risk of dehydration, malnutrition, risk of inadequate thermoregulation and inefficient health maintenance. Nursing interventions are also presented in order to solve these problems, during the hospital treatment of patients with celiac disease.
The inclusion of individuals riding electric personal mobility devices into social relations in the sphere of road safety (legal and organizational aspects)
Authors: Zeinalov Fazil Nazim ogly
Published: February 2022

The object of this research is the system of social-legal relations in the sphere of road safety. The subject of this research is the legal norms that regulate the road traffic activity that involves individuals riding electric personal mobility devices. The goal lies in the analysis of the normative framework that regulates the legal status of road users riding personal mobility devices, as well as foreign and domestic experience pertaining to integration of such road users into the existing road infrastructure. Research methodology leans on the fundamental provisions of the theory of law, summary of practical experience, methods of logical, monographic and system analysis. The acquired results can be implemented in the legislative activity of government agencies, law enforcement activity, educational process of educational institutions, scientific research of the experts on the problems of ensuring road safety, as well as for improvement of the branches of Russian legal system. The novelty is defined by practical and scientific significance of the problems of law enforcement activity in the sphere of road safety, as well as the need to improve the legal framework that regulate the participation of individuals riding electric personal mobility devices in road traffic. The author offers the amendments to bylaws for demarcating the categories of personal mobility devices, and determine the legal status of the individuals riding them.
Aufeis ice sills of the Russian Far East according to historical data
Authors: Alekseev Vladimir Romanovich , Makarieva Olga Mikhailovna , Nesterova Nataliia Vadimovna , Zemlyanskova Anastasia Alexandrovna , Shikhov Andrey Nikolaevich , Ostashov Andrey Alekseevich
Published: February 2022

The subject of this research is the historical data on the origin, geographical distribution, seasonal and long-term variability of giant aufeis ice sills in the Russian Far East. Ice sills are the ice fields, the thickness and area of which reach up to 10-12 m and several tens of sq. km respectively. They are formed in severe climatic conditions as a result of layer-by-layer freezing of groundwater poured onto the surface. This is a distinct form of seasonal, and at times, long-term glaciation, which regulates the processes of water and energy exchange in low temperature cryolithozone, as well as determines the extent of permafrost intermittency and developmental challenges. Assessment is given on the role of aufeis ice sills in the formation of river and underground runoff, transformation of terrain, morphological structure of landscape, and development of dangerous cryogenic phenomena. This article is first to review the data on aufeis ice sills in the Russian Far East that have accumulated over the past two centuries. Three author highlights the three research periods: until 1900, since 1900 to 1950, after 1950. The latter period is the most effective, indicate the creation of the map and cadastre of giant aufeis, including more than 7,000 ice fields based on the data of aerial photography. The article establishes the key patterns of their distribution, factors and conditions of formation, relation to permafrost-hydrogeological structures, forms of terrain and climate; as well as determines the peculiarities of seasonal and long-term variability.
Verification of paleo reconstructions of climatic conditions of the Late Pleistocene summer seasons based on palynological analysis of Yedoma deposits and ice wedges
Authors: Vasil'chuk Alla Constantinovna , Vasil'chuk Yurij Kirillovich
Published: February 2022

The object of this research is the reconstruction of the climatic conditions of the Late Pleistocene summer seasons based on the pollen spectra of syngenetic ice wedges and inclosing Yedoma deposits. For quantitative assessment of summer temperatures and phenological relationships, the author applies the total annual thaw index, since namely the sum of positive temperatures is the only indicator that determines the beginning of pollen emission in majority of plant species. The relationship between the composition of pollen spectra and the total annual thaw index is deterministic, although it cannot be formulated strictly mathematically. Yedoma is a unique object for research by many parameters, which allows acquiring paleogeographic information on two components, such as ice wedges and deposits, because the accumulation of pollen and spores occurs differently therein. The structure of vegetation cover during the accumulation of Yedoma deposits during the Late Pleistocene differed significantly from the Holocene and modern periods, which is recorded in the pollen spectra of syngenetic deposits and ice wedges. It is established that in certain periods, the diversity of species of Late Pleistocene vegetation was higher compared to modern vegetation of tundra and forest tundra due to the large number of ecological niches and peculiarity of temperature regime of the summer season.
Improving thermoelectric performance of GeSe compound by crystal structure engineering
Authors: Hu Wei-Wei , Sun Jin-Chang , Zhang Yu , Gong Yue , Fan Yu-Ting , Tang Xin-Feng , Tan Gang-Jian ,   State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China,   International School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
Published: February 2022

In the thermoelectric field, GeSe is a two-dimensional layered semiconductor with a large band gap, intrinsically low carrier concentration and poor thermoelectric figure of merit ZT. In this work, a series of GeSe1–xTex (x = 0, 0.05, 0.15, 0.25, 0.35, 0.45) polycrystalline samples is prepared by melting and quenching combined with spark plasma activation sintering process. The influences of Te content on the phase structure and thermoelectric transport properties of GeSe are systematically studied. The results indicate that with the increase of Te content, the crystal structure of GeSe gradually changes from orthorhombic to rhombohedral structure. This reduces the band gap of the material, and simultaneously increases the carrier concentration and mobility. Meanwhile, the energy band degeneracy of the compound increases significantly because of enhanced crystal symmetry in this process, thereby considerably improving the effective mass of carriers. Altogether, the power factor of the rhombohedral GeSe is increased by about 2 to 3 orders of magnitude compared with that of the orthorhombic phase GeSe. In addition, the rhombohedral phase GeSe has abundant cationic vacancy defects and softened phonons arising from its ferroelectric feature, leading the lattice thermal conductivity to be 60% lower than orthorhombic one. The GeSe0.55Te0.45 sample achieves a peak ZT of 0.75 at 573 K, which is 19 times that of pristine GeSe. Crystal structure engineering could be considered as an effective way of improving the thermoelectric performance of GeSe compounds.
Multi-hop entanglement swapping in quantum networks based on polization-space hyperentanglement
Authors: Yang Guang , Liu Qi , Nie Min , Liu Yuan-Hua , Zhang Mei-Ling ,   School of Communication and Information Engineering, Xi’an University of Posts and Telecommunication, Xi’an 710121, China
Published: February 2022

Entanglement swapping (ES) based multi-hop quantum information transmission is a fundamental way to realize long-distance quantum communication. However, in the conventional quantum networks, the entanglement in one degree of freedom (DOF) of photon system is usually used as a quantum channel, showing disadvantages of low capacity and susceptibility to noise. In this paper, we present an efficient multi-hop quantum hyperentanglement swapping (HES) method based on hyperentanglement, which utilizes the entangled photos in polarization and spatial-mode DOFs to establish the hyperentangled multi-hop quantum channel. Taking long-distance hyperentanglement based quantum teleportation for example, we first describe a basic hop by hop HES scheme. Then, in order to reduce the end-to-end delay of this scheme, we propose a simultaneous HES (SHES) scheme, in which the intermediate quantum nodes perform hyperentangled Bell state measurements concurrently. On the basis of this scheme, we further put forward a hierarchical SHES (HSHES) scheme that can reduce the classical information cost. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the end-to-end delay of HSHES is similar to that of SHES, meanwhile, the classical information cost of HSHES is much lower than that of SHES, showing a better tradeoff between the two performance metrics. Compared with the traditional ES methods, the scheme proposed in this paper is conductive to meeting the requirements for long-distance hyperentanglement based quantum communication, which has positive significance for building more efficient quantum networks in the future.
Partitions with k sizes from a set
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, The American College, Tamil Nadu, India, David Christopher A.
Published: February 2022

Let $n$ and $k$ be two positive integers and let $A$ be a set of positive integers. We define $t_A(n,k)$ to be the number of partitions of $n$ with exactly $k$ sizes and parts in $A$. As an implication of a variant of Newton's product-sum identities we present a generating function for $t_A(n,k)$. Subsequently, we obtain a recurrence relation for $t_A(n,k)$ and a divisor-sum expression for $t_A(n,2)$. Also, we present a bijective proof for the latter expression.
Joint Cruise 2-2 2021
Authors: Fransson Agneta , Bluhm Bodil , Arumi Marti , Assmann Karen , Gravelle Amalie Marie Bårnås , Bratrein Marius , Buvik Kenneth , Chierici Melissa , Ciesielski Tomaz , Cristea Anca , Eikrem Wenche , Espinel Nadjejda , Gardner Jessie , Gawinski Christine , Hellerud Eirik , Koenig Zoe , Lennert Kunuk , Lockwood-Ireland Christine , Lundesgaard Øyvind , Marquardt Miriam , Ntinou Iliana-Vasiliki , Ortiz Griselda , Palmesen Magne , Raffel Bonnie , Sanchez Nicolas , Schuppe Birte Katarina , Sen Arunima , Sletteng Garvang Even , Steer Adam , Svensen Camilla , Vader Anna , Våge Selina , Van Dihn Khuong , Wold Anette , Ziegler Amanda
Published: February 2022

The main scientific goal of the Nansen Legacy JC2-2 cruise was to extend the project’s research activities from the northern Barents Sea shelf into the central Arctic Ocean. Specifically, JC2-2 addressed objectives of the research foci RF1, RF2 and RF3 by jointly collecting interdisciplinary samples and data at five process (P) and in-between NLEG stations extending northward from the previously northernmost station P7. We had a special focus on sea ice and the upper ocean as well as connectivity to the mid and deep water column and underlying sediments in early autumn. In addition, JC2-2 explored the role of transport of elements and organisms from the Siberian shelves through the Transpolar Drift in the Amundsen Basin. Experiments were an important part of the cruise and were designed to measure and quantify relevant processes and their rates. This cruise was also a Norwegian contribution to the international Synoptic Arctic Survey (SAS) and took place at the same time as the Swedish icebreaker Oden was on their SAS expedition in the nearby region between Northeast Greenland and the North Pole.
Prediction of Anaemia using Unenhanced Computed Tomography of Thorax: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Mahalawat Anusha , Braggs Anston Vernon , Mynalli Soujanya
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Anaemia is a widespread problem and although Computed Tomography (CT) is not the primary modality to diagnose anaemia as it is possible to easily obtain the haemoglobin estimation levels, which is a direct measure for the degree of anaemia. However, it is possible to detect certain changes on CT that point towards anaemia. It is important to identify incidental findings as it can have a direct effect on the management and outcome. Aim: The aim of the present was to evaluate the role and accuracy of unenhanced CT thorax in prediction of anaemia. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on a total of 100 cases. All the patients who underwent thoracic/ abdominal CT in Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging in Father Muller Medical College and Hospital, Kankanady, Manglore, India were included as subjects from July 2019 to September 2019. The normal reference blood haemoglobin level was taken as 14 g/dL and 11 g/dL in the male and the female population respectively. The peripheral blood examination was done within 24 hours after or before an unenhanced CT scan. Sixteen slice CT scanner was used for the study. Frequency, percentage, mean, Standard Deviation (SD), Positive Predictive Value (PPV), Negative Predictive Value (NPV) was used in statistical analysis of data. Chi-square/Fisher’s Exact test was used and p-value <0.05 is considered to be significant. Results: This was a female predominant study consisting of 53 females of sample size. A total of 59% patients were diagnosed to have anaemia by blood parameters. A total of 61% patients were detected to have the aortic ring sign whereas 65% of the patients were detected with hyperdense Interventricular (IV) septum sign. Conclusion: Whenever the interventricular septum is seen on a CT thorax without contrast, it suggests the presence of underlying anaemia and it needs to be evaluated so as to improve the management and reduce the morbidity to the patient.
A Comparison of Gallbladder Contraction Index in Diabetics and Non Diabetics using Ultrasonogram: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Dhivya KP , Malathi V , Deepak M , Senthilnathan S , Narmadha R , Shankar R
Published: February 2022

Introduction: In India, the prevalence of gallstones is considered as a major public health problem and among diabetic patients the prevalence is still more increasing. Presence of Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy (DAN) is a triggering factor for gallbladder diseases among diabetic patients. Aim: To compare the gallbladder volume and contraction index between diabetic patients and non diabetic healthy controls. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital at Chennai for a period of six months from June 2019 to December 2019. The total 90 subjects were divided into two groups of 45 each, group A consist of 45 known Type I or Type II diabetes mellitus (DM)and group B with 45 non diabetic healthy controls. The gallbladder volume was assessed initially in the fasting state, then the patient was asked to have fatty meal and again the gallbladder volume was measured after two hours for all the patients and the gallbladder contraction index was calculated using these values. Autonomic neuropathy grading was done after performing neuropathy assessment tests and the association between the gallbladder contraction index and grading of autonomic neuropathy was analysed. Results: The mean fasting and postprandial gallbladder volume were much higher among diabetic patients compared to non diabetic controls and similarly the gallbladder contraction index was lesser among diabetic patients compared to the controls (16.6±5.9 cm3, 4.03±1.8 cm3) and (32.08±11.7 cm3, 17.4±10.6 cm3) the difference was found to be statistically significant (p-value <0.001). The grading of autonomic neuropathy was inversely proportional to gallbladder contraction index and it was found to be statistically significant (p-value <0.001). Conclusion: The gallbladder volume was high and the contraction index was less among the diabetic patients with neuropathy compared to non diabetic patients and so a regular screening for gallbladder using ultrasonogram is recommended for long standing diabetic patients with neuropathy.
Effect of Storage Conditions on the Microbial and Proximate Composition of Bread Made From Wheat Flour and White Flour
Authors: Nnenna J. P. Omorodion, , Precious Oviwighoyovwe,
Published: February 2022

Bread is one of the most consumed staple foods in the world. It is a good source of nutrients, such as carbohydrates, protein, and fat and micronutrients (minerals and vitamins) which are essential for human health. The aim of the research is to determine the effect of storage conditions on the microbial and physico-chemical composition of bread from wheat flour and white flour. The fresh samples (white and wheat bought from the super market) were cultured according to the standard microbiological procedures. The Total Heterotrophic Bacterial Count (THBC) of the fresh white flour bread sample (FB) obtained was 1.3×104CFU/g (4.11logCFU/g) while that of Wheat bread (WB) sample was 1.2×104CFU/g (4.00 logCFU/g). The total Staphylococcal Count (TSC) of the samples was recorded as 4.9×103 CFU/g (3.69logCFU/g) which was higher in comparison to that of wheat bread with the count of 1.4×103CFU/g (3.14logCFU/g). Decrease in THBC of wheat bread and white bread sample stored at refrigeration temperature as compared to the bread samples stored at ambient temperature in relation to the days of storage was observed. Refrigeration had little effect on the growth of fungi as observed in this study as the Total Heterotrophic Fungal count (THFC) of refrigerated white bread sample increased from 2.0×103CFU/g (3.30logCFU/g) on the day 6 to 8.9×103CFU/g (3.94logCFU/g) on the day 8. The microorganisms isolated were Micrococcus sp, Staphylococcus sp, Bacillus p, Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, Rhizopus sp, Mucor sp, Penicillium sp, Candida sp, and Saccharomyces of which Bacillus and Aspergillus where most occurring among bacteria and fungi respectively. The moisture content, crude lipid, crude protein of the white bread sample were higher than those of wheat bread while the ash content, crude fiber and carbohydrate were higher in the wheat bread sample as compared to those of White bread sample. From the result obtained in the study, it was observed that refrigeration temperature was effective in the increase in shelf life of bread by the reduction in bacteria growth in bread thus, it can be recommended for the storage of bread.
Evaluating in vitro Compatibility of Pesticides with Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin and Its Pathogenicity against Aphis craccivora Koch
Authors: B. Patil Dhaneshwar , Karmarkar M. S. , Gondhalekar S. B. , Borkar P. G. , Mehendale S. K. , Kasture M. C.
Published: February 2022

An in vitro trial was conducted in the Department of Entomology, Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra; to determine the compatibility of green muscardine fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae (Metachnikoff) Sorokin with pesticides and its pathogenicity against A. craccivora. Azadirachtin, Buprofezin and Sulphur were the most suitable pesticides as it showed significantly superior growth on potato dextrose agar media over untreated control. However, Emamectin benzoate, Azadirachtin, Profenophos, Indoxacarb, Thiophanate, Paraquat Dichloride and Glyphosate showed significantly higher mean mycelial weight over the untreated control on potato broth medium. At the same time, amongst pesticides used in the experiment; only insecticides (Emamectin benzoate, Azadirachtin and Deltamethrin) reported synergistic increase in conidial count with the untreated control, while fungicides and herbicides reported drastic reduction in conidial count. The pathogenicity of M. anisopliae harvested from the pesticide treatments against A. craccivora revealed that all the pesticides investigated had reduced its pathogenicity in comparison to untreated control. However Emamectin benzoate, Indoxacarb and Paraquat dichloride showed maximum per cent mortality and can be used in combination with M. anisopliae.
Rice Self-sufficiency in Bhutan: An Assessment
Authors: Tashi Tshering , Dendup Chezang , . Ngawang , Gyeltshen Sonam
Published: February 2022

Aims: Rice is the essential food grain in Bhutan and its availability directly translates to national food security and stability. Although there are several previous studies on production technologies, varietal adaptabilities and ecology-based information on rice in Bhutan, there is a dearth of information on rice self-sufficiency based on historical production and consumption data. Therefore, objectives of this study are to: i) evaluate rice production and consumption trends; ii) assess current and future rice self-sufficiency, and iii) identify appropriate policy and technical interventions required to enhance rice self-sufficiency.

Methodology: Rice production and consumption data of past fifteen years (2005-2019) was gathered from secondary sources and analysed using descriptive statistics, linear equations, and linear regressions.

Results: The study found that the ratio of rice self-sufficiency had declined due to increase in consumption and decrease in production over the past one and half decades. The rice cultivated area reduced to 30314 acres in 2019 from 46586 acres in 2015, while the productivity of milled rice climbed from 0.76 to 1.07 tonnes per acre in the same period. Further, the analysis revealed that the rice self-sufficiency ratio ranged between 34.7 and 51.03 while the   demand for rice had escalated from 81458 tonnes in 2005 to 101082 tonnes in 2019. This implies that more than half of the rice consumed was imported, particularly from India to meet the demand of the country. The average per capita consumption of milled rice in Bhutan was assessed to be 147.7 kg which led to huge rise in import dependency ratio. It saw a growth in import value in Ngultrum by 297% during the study period. Projections from this study shows that per capita rice consumption will rise to 163 kg in 2030, with a rice deficit equal to the volume required for 73% of the estimated population.

Conclusion: If current production and consumption trends continue, the ratio of rice self-sufficiency is likely to decline steadily in the coming years with negative impact on country’s trade balance. This study recommends three different strategies: (1) increasing yield, (2) expanding the area, and (3) decreasing consumption to increase the self-sufficiency in rice. These strategies must be persuaded collectively through crop extensification and intensification. Given the limited arable land, the recommendations include reverting to fallow land, adopting improved high-yielding varieties, expanding irrigation, adopting improved plant and soil management techniques, adopting labour-saving technologies, promoting upland rice, and rice double cropping, among many. On the policy front, it is vital to increase rice farming's economic viability and attractiveness through increasing subsidies, support systems, and incentives. A change in consumption pattern and food diversification can be suggested as another long-term approach towards achieving rice self-sufficiency.
Status of Handloom Sector in India and Tamil Nadu State and Government Initiatives for its Promotion
Authors: Olive P. Flowrine , Mahendran K. , Lavanya S. Moghana , Kumar Darsi Pradeep
Published: February 2022

Aim: Handloom plays a vital role in the Indian economy, by creating ample opportunities of employment. The aim of the study is to study about the significance of the sector at national and state level and to make a detailed study about the initiatives taken by state and central government for the sustainable growth of handloom.

Study Design: Secondary data was collected from various government websites and reports. The data was organised and analysed to fulfil the objective of the study.

Methodology: Percentage analysis and Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) was used to analyse the data.

Results: Results revealed that handloom sector is growing at CAGR of 2.48 percent and the various initiatives taken by state and central government lead to sustainable growth of handloom sector by providing continuous employment to handloom weavers.
Making Mathematics More Friendly; A Thoughtful Review of Problem-Solving Concept as a Tool
Authors: Atteh Evans
Published: February 2022

Successful learning of mathematical concepts and skills is a function of the approaches and strategies that teachers use in their teaching. How mathematics is taught, to a large extent, is influenced by the perceptions that teachers have about the subject and of what they believe good teaching to be. Teachers have to give up the notion that the topics at hand cannot be learned by the students unless the teacher covers them and adopts a proper teaching method that encourages active learning and better understanding. Adopting problem-solving as an instructional technique and creating a healthy learning atmosphere creates an active learning environment that makes learning more enjoyable for both students and teachers, as well as promoting critical thinking among students. The aim of the study is to draw attention to existing literature on problem-solving and how it can help teachers and students in the mathematics classroom to be more successful.
Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Voluntary Blood Donation among Healthcare Support Staff of a Tertiary Health Facility in Uyo, Nigeria
Authors: Akpan Idongesit Samuel , Ekong Nkanga Kufre , Afia Rosalyn Imo , Uboh Enobong Effiong
Published: February 2022

Background: Blood transfusion is a veritable intervention in many clinical situations. However, the provision of safe, readily available, affordable and adequate supply of blood and blood products is still a major public health challenge in developing countries like ours. Healthcare support staff are expected to be conversant with donor blood procurement processes and the challenges of blood supply, therefore should take the lead in forestalling the occurrence of blood supply deficits.

Aims: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of voluntary blood donation among non-physician healthcare workers.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out at the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Uyo as part of the 2021 World Blood Donor Day Programme. A total of 120 Staff were recruited. Pre-tested questionnaire were used to assess their knowledge, attitude and practice of voluntary blood donation.

Results: The mean age of the respondents was 36.9+9.8 years, range 18-58 years with females accounting for 51.7%. Sixty percent were married, 86.7% attained tertiary level of education and majority of the respondents (20.8%) were nurses. Most of the study participants had good knowledge and positive disposition towards blood donation. However, only 25.8% had donated blood in the past with 38.7% being voluntary. Male staff were more likely to donate (P = 0.001). There were no statistically significant associations between blood donation practice and marital status, level of education and professional status of the respondents (P values – 0.083, 0.557 and 0.05 respectively)

Conclusion: There is need for active education program to encourage the healthcare workers and the general populace to participate in voluntary blood donation.
Multiple Criteria Analysis for Site Suitability of Rice Yields in Prachuap Khiri Khan, Thailand
Authors: Taniwall Nasim Jan , Hassan Samiullah , Haider Muhammad Sharif
Published: February 2022

Southeast Asian countries takes rice as one of their necessary food intake to survive for a day. With a booming population of the third world countries, the need for higher production of rice was sought as one of the priorities of the countries like Thailand to identify areas which are deemed suitable for rice production. Thailand is one of the prominent exporter of rice in the whole world and it is important that Prachuap Khiri khan can go with trends of identifying areas for good rice production that would therefore contribute for the economic improvement of its very own districts up to its own country Thailand. This study aims to identify the suitable areas for good rice production in the province of Prachuap Khirikhan. Factors such as slope, aspect, elevation, land use, road proximity, stream network and rainfall were considered to identify the suitable site for good rice yields. The spatial analysis of ArcGIS software was used in the generation of the different maps. Results shows that the southern portion of the province has a very high suitability of rice production, while the Northwestern portion of the province shows the very low suitability of rice production.
Response of Organic and Inorganic Nutrient Sources on Soil Nutrient Status of Cucumber Production under Protected Cultivation
Authors: Rajawat K. S. , Ameta K. D. , Tak Jitendra Kumar , Singh Mohan , Choudhary Ramesh Chand
Published: February 2022

A study was conducted at Hi-Tech Unit, Department of Horticulture, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, MPUAT, Udaipur during 2017 and 2018 to evaluate the effects of different nutrient sources on post harvest soil fertility status in cucumber under Naturally Ventilated Polyhouse. The present study comprises eight treatment combinations with four replications under completely randomized design. From the study, it was found that application of 50% organic management through innovative approaches and 50 % RDF through organic fertilizers resulted in maximum production of cucumber and maximum uptake of macro nutrients by the cucumber plants. It is also confirmed that treatment T7 (50% organic and 50% inorganic fertilizer) improved the post harvest soil fertility status for next crop with better quality produce.
Growing Degree Days Requirement and Yield of Wheat Cultivars as Influenced by Irrigation Scheduling and Time of Sowing
Authors: Prajapat Arjun Lal , Saxena Rani , Sharma Mahesh , Lal Mandeewal Rameshwr , Lal Babu , Didal Bhuwanesh
Published: February 2022

The crop production characteristics are directly related with the temperature and relative humidity of atmosphere during crop growing season. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to highlights thermal requirement (GDD) of wheat varieties for sustainable yield. The field experiment were conducted during Rabi season 2016 and 2017 at Research farm, Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Durgapura, Jobner, Rajasthan to find out the response of wheat cultivars to irrigation scheduling under different sowing dates. Thirty six treatment combinations were investigated. Treatments comprises four irrigation levels: I1 (0.6 ETc), I2 (0.8 ETc), I3 (1.0 ETc) and I4 (1.2 ETc), three cultivars: C1 (Raj-4120), C2 (Raj-4079) and C3 (Raj-4238) and three dates of sowing: D1 (15th Nov.), D2 (30th Nov.) and D3 (15th Dec.) in Split plot design. The pooled analysis of data revealed that irrigation scheduling treatment I4 (1.2 ETc) recorded significantly higher value of yield and Growing degree days (GDD), By cultivar Raj 4079 observed the higher value of yield and GDD. Further, results showed that the wheat crop sown on 15th November obtained the maximum yield and growing degree days value with phenological stages. The number of days required to attain different phenological stages decreased with late sowing condition. This indicated that irrigation scheduling at 1.2 ETc should adopted in cultivar Raj 4079 at the sowing on 15th November to achieve maximum yield under hot climate of  Rajasthan.
Isotherms of Adsorption of Heavy Metals in Soils and Sediments of the La Villa River Basin-Panamá
Authors: Núñez José Ezequiel Villarreal , Pineda Adolfo Santo , Ballesteros Neldis , Pérez Jhon Alexander Villalaz , Zachrisson Iván Alexis Ramos
Published: February 2022

The study was carried out within the La Villa river basin (Herrera and Los Santos provinces). In these lands, great agricultural activity is developed, highlighting the production of corn, tomatoes, melons, watermelon, beans, peppers, sugarcane, meat and milk livestock. They are subjected to intensive use of agrochemicals and influenced by discharges of by-products from some industrial and agro-industrial companies located within the basin. The objective of the study was to determine by means of Langmuir isotherms the maximum adsorption of Mn, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd in soils and sediments of areas with intensive agricultural activity within the La Villa river basin. Five soil and sediment samples were taken from producer´s farms in the rainy season (June-November 2016) and five samples in the dry season (January-April 2017). The total concentration of the heavy metal was determined. The isotherms of the trace metals in soils and sediments were determined in the samples taken at both times of the year by applying different concentrations of the metal in a CaCl2 0.01 M solution. High levels of Cu were found in soils and Cu, Mn, Cr and As in sediments. The Mn isotherm showed low values ​​and low adsorption force, Cu and Zn showed high adsorption values, but with low retention force. For Pb, high adsorption values ​​were observed, but very low retention force in the dry season, contrary to Cd, which obtained low adsorption values, but with a higher force. This behavior is closely related to the texture of the soils. The Cu, Zn and Mn showed high significant correlations with the clay content in the soil, contrary to the pH and the organic matter did not obtain a good correlation with the adsorption of the metals.
Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Chalcones and Its Derivatives for Antibacterial and Anti Inflammatory Activity
Authors: Lodhi Geeta , Nayak Amit
Published: February 2022

Chemistry or Medicinal chemistry is a discipline at the Interchange ofchemistry and pharmacology engaged with designing, methodize andcreating drug chalcones is a conventional term given tointensifies bearing the (E)- 1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one, which can befunctionlized in the propane chain by the presence of olefinic, keto as well ashydroxyl group.Chalcones are a significant class of regular items and are considered as the forerunners of flavonoids and isoflavonoids. Synthetically, is (E)-1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one in which two aromatic ring rings are joined by a three carbon bond having a carbonyl moiety and and α, β unsaturation. The compounds with the backbone of chalcones have been accounted for to have different pharmacological activities for example, antimicrobial, anti- inflammatory, analgesic, anti-platelet, anti-ulcerative, antimalarial, anticancer, antiviral, anti-leishmanial, antioxidant, antitubercular, anti-hyperglycemic, immunomodulatory, inhibition of chemical mediators release, inhibition of leukotriene B4, inhibition of tyrosinase and inhibition of aldose reductase activities.  This  paper  mainly  focuses  on  chalcones  synthesized  by Claisen Schmidt condensation which involves the condensation between an aromatic aldehyde or ketone with an aliphatic ketone or aldehyde catalysed by the presence of dilute alkali or acid to form alpha beta unsaturated compound. through reviewing different biological significance of chalcones andtheir derivatives have been reported along with their antibacterial movement against, Bacillus pumilis, Bacillus subtilis (gram-positive) and Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris (gram-negative). The antiinflammatory action of the sixteen chalcones has been assessed byutilizing carrageenan-actuated rodent paw oedema strategy.
Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Fruit Quality, Soil Nutrient Status and Economics of Capsicum under Low Cost Polyhouse Condition
Authors: Jat Santosh Lal , Rajawat K. S. , Rana Priyanka , Kanaujia S. P.
Published: February 2022

The field experiment was conducted during 2010-11 at the Experimental Farm of School of Agricultural Sciences and Rural Development, Medziphema, Nagaland to study the effect of different sources of manuring on growth, yield and quality of capsicum cv. California Wonder under low cost polyhouse condition. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with three replications. Application of different levels of fertilizers, organic manures and biofertilizers either alone or in combination significantly increased the quality of capsicum as compared to control. The maximum TSS (9.55 oBrix) and vitamin C (126.31 mg 100-1g) were recorded with the combined application of 50% NPK + 50% FYM + biofertilizers. There was a significant build up of organic carbon in the soil after harvest of the crop with 50% NPK + 50% FYM + biofertilizers. It also recorded highest net return of Rs. 7,93,858.00 /ha and the cost: benefit ratio 1:8. These results indicated that the optimum production and quality of capsicum with higher monetary returns can be obtained with integrated application of 50% NPK + 50% FYM + biofertilizers. This integrated nutrient management saved about 50% of chemical fertilizers without any reduction in yield and quality parameters of capsicum.
The Prevalence of Tourette Syndrome and Other Tic Disorders in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Dossary Hussein , Fadhel Rowaida Talal , Badhduoh Shatha Shafiq , Alatawi Nouf Abdulaziz , Algethmi Rafaa , Alwabel Abdulmajeed Hisham , Alzahrani Khames
Published: February 2022

Background: Tic disorders (TD), including Tourette syndrome, are considered as one of the prevalent neurological conditions across the world which affects pediatric population. Tourette syndrome (TS), also called Gilles de la Tourette syndrome or Tourette disorder, a clinical subtype of TD with the most severe and persistent symptoms, is a complex multifaceted neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by multiple motor and at least one phonic tic starting before the age of 18 and lasting for at least 1 year.

Objectives: Our study is designed to assess the prevalence of Tourette syndrome and other tic disorders among Saudi population and examine the sociodemographic factors including age, sex, education, and birthplace.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey study conducted in Saudi population. An online questionnaire utilized to collect information from the population via various social media applications. The required minimum sample size is determined to be 384 participants. For statistical analyzation, the Statistical Package of Social Science Software (SPSS) program, version 20 (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.) was used.

Results: The study sample consisted of 2793 participants, 73% of them were females and 27% were males. 43.6% aged between 20- 30 years old and 33.4% aged less than 20 years old. 9.7% of participants suffer from Tourette syndrome while 5.7% of participants have a child who suffer from Tourette syndrome. Regarding co-morbid diseases, 23.7% suffer from anxiety disorder, 16.7% have sleeping disorder, 16.2% have depression, 10.8% eating disorder and 9.9% have obsessive-compulsive disorder. As for children with Tourette syndrome, 20.3% suffer from anxiety disorder, 19.5% have sleeping disorder, 18% have attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, 13.5% eating disorder and 7.9% have obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Conclusion: Prevalence of TS among adults and children is higher than reported in previous figures. TS is associated with psychological and neurological diseases especially among children. TS should no longer be considered merely a motor disorder and, most importantly, that TS is no longer a unitary condition, as it was previously thought. Clinical assessment of children with chronic tic disorders warrants examination of other problems such as ADHD, disruptive behavior and anxiety.
Anti-Cancer Effect of Novel Hydroxy Flavons on Human Cancer Cell In vitro and In silico
Authors: Kumar K. Vijay , Verma Reena
Published: February 2022

Anti-cancer effect of 7 hydroxy Favone and its derivatives were tested against human cancer cell lines such MCF-7 cell line using the in vitro by MTT assay in cancer cell lines. All the favones showed significant activity against all pathogens. 7-HF showed a maximum zone of inhibition against cancer cell lines. 7-try hydroxy flavones showed the lowest anti-cancer activity. And docking results shown as  7-HF has shown maximum docking -7.9, 7,8,3’-THF  has -7.5 and 7,3’,4’ has -7.7. as per the results, 7 hydroxy flavone could be a possible source to obtain new and effective compounds to treat cancer.