bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SOSIALISASI PENGOLAHAN LIMBAH KULIT JERUK SEBAGAI ECO-ENZYME PADA MASYARAKAT DESA HAJIMENA, LAMPUNG SELATAN
Authors: Dewi Novian Riskiana , Wulandari Triya Ferli
Published: September 2024

Waste is a residual material that holds no value if simply discarded. However, waste can become highly valuable if transformed into something beneficial. Just like orange peel waste, which can hold significant benefits if one knows how to process it. Therefore, a team of lecturers and students from UIN Raden Intan Lampung conducted a socialization on the processing of orange peel waste into eco-enzymes for the community of Hajimena Village, Lampung Selatan. The execution method of this community engagement activity employed a persuasive approach through dissemination and direct practice. The existence of this product has provided a solution to the previous problem, namely the lack of activities that produce products in the village. Currently, people are starting to realize the importance of managing organic waste so that it can be converted into high-value goods, avoiding littering which has the potential to pollute the environment. The activity was enthusiastically embraced by the people of Hajimena Village, Lampung Selatan, proceeded smoothly, and succeeded in producing plant fertilizer using easily accessible natural materials.

Keywords: Socialization, Waste Processing, Orange Peel, Eco-Enzyme
STRATEGI BISNIS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN MINAT ENTERPRENEUSHIP MAHASISWA FMIPA UNIVERSITAS NEGERI MALANG
Authors: Pusawidjayanti Kridha , Kusumasari Vita , Asmianto Asmianto , Lestyanto Latifah Mustofa
Published: September 2024

Partners in this community service activity are FMIPA Universitas Negeri Malang students who need insight into entrepreneurship. The problem with this service partner is that the financial source is only from the parents, while the parents' economic conditions (student guardians) are in the lower middle class, while the needs of students are also increasing. So that students can continue to continue their studies and be able to innovate and develop their potential, additional funds are needed. One way is to start entrepreneurship. Based on the partner's problems, the Dedication Team of the Mathematics Department of FMIPA Universitas Negeri Malang provided a solution, namely by providing training regarding the entrepreneurial mindset for FMIPA students with several kinds of material such as: why students should be entrepreneurs, finding personal branding and digital marketing.

Keywords: Business, Student, Entrepreneur
MASYARAKAT MUSLIM DI TENGAH KRISIS POLITIK: RESISTENSI MASYARAKAT NAGARI DILAM PASCA PERANG PRRI (1958-1965)
Authors: Afdayeni Melia
Published: September 2024

This research was motivated by the PRRI war that took place in Sumatra Batar in 1958- 1961 AD, this war was known as the civil war, because it was the central army or APRI who fought against the PRRI soldiers who came from West Sumatra. This war involved all the people in Minangkabau, without exception the people living in the Dilam village. This war caused a very severe impact on the lives of the people of Nagari Dilam, apart from material losses, the community also suffered psychological losses. After realizing that PRRI was repulsed by APRI, they left the nagari and hid in the forests of West Sumatra. The people of Nagari Dilam really feel how tense it is to live in a nagari that is continuously monitored by the OPR (Operation for the People's Security), to deal with this situation, the community has put up resistance (resistance) by returning to the mosque and surau. For this reason, this paper aims to explore the forms of resistance carried out by the community and explore the reasons for the Dilam village community to testify. To answer the existing problems, it takes stages of resistance research commonly used in historical research including: heuristics (Source Collection), source criticism, interpretation and the last is historiography (Writing). This research results that the form of resistance carried out by the Dilam nagari community is to return to the mosque and surau to study and explore Islam, which they have long adhered to, while the reason the Dilam nagari community carries out this resistance is: First, the community is afraid of OPR which often exerted pressure and intimidation against them. Both communities were afraid of the frequent killings carried out by the OPR against PRRI soldiers, and vice versa. The three inter-community killings became commonplace because there was no punishment for those who committed the killings.
Tradisi Rabo Kasan, Sebuah Tradisi Masyarakat Palembang Yang Terpinggirkan
Authors: Bety Bety , Ali Nor Huda
Published: September 2024

Shafar, bagi sebagian masyarakat Islam, merupakan bulan yang penuh dengan cobaan dari Allah SWT. Bahkan, bulan ini dianggap sebagai bulan naas, khususnya pada Rabu terkahir. Kesan seperti ini juga diyakini oleh sebagian besar masyarakat Islam Palembang. Pada bulan Syafar mereka tidak melaksanakan acara-acara penting, seperti perkawinan. Karena itu, pada Rabu terakhir dari bulan Syafar ini mereka mengadakan ritual-ritual tertentu yang bersifat keagamaan agar terhindar dari bencana. Ritual ini sering disebut dengan Rebo Kasan. Dalam tradisi ini, mereka mengadakan ritual, antara lain: "mandi Syafar" di tepi Sungai Musi yang tujuannya untuk mensucikan diri dari segala kesialan yang terjadi pada bulan Syafar. Pada era 1960-an hingga 2000-an, tradisi “mandi Shafar ini masih dilakukan oleh sebagian masyarakat. Namun, seiring dengan perkembangan zaman, tradisi ini sudah jarang dilakukan, bahkan dapat dikatakan hampir punah. Hanya guguk-guguk (kampung-kampung) atau kelompok tertentu saja yang masih melakukan tradisi upacara tersebut. Itupun dipraktikkan oleh mereka yang umumnya sudah berusia sepuh. Meskipun tradisi ini mempunyai kearifan lokal yang perlu dilestarikan, tetapi pada kenyataannya pewarisan tradisi ini dari generasi tua ke generasi muda tidak berjalan sebagaimana mestinya.
Tradisi Bulan Muharram dalam Ragam Kelompok Islam di Lebanon Abad ke-20
Authors: Yani Siti Mariyani , Niswa Safitri  , Zakiya Darojat
Published: September 2024

Tradisi keagamaan di Lebanon semakin menarik ketika dilihat dengan ragam kelompok agama Islam yang dianut oleh masyarakatnya. Islam tentu masih menduduki peringkat pertama sebagai agama mayoritas di negara Timur Tengah tersebut. Namun di samping menjadi agama yang paling banyak dianut, Islam di Lebanon memiliki kelompok yang beragam. Artikel ini akan memfokuskan bagaimana praktik tradisi keagamaan Islam, yaitu perayaan Bulan Muharram di tengah banyaknya kelompok Islam di Lebanon. Perbedaan maupun persamaan dalam menjalankan tradisi Islam antar kelompok juga menjadi fokus dalam penelitian. Dengan pendekatan sejarah, sosiologi, dan antropologi, artikel ini menganalisis bagaimana tradisi keagamaan yang dilakukan di Lebanon dalam ragam kelompok Islam serta problematika yang ditimbulkannya. Tulisan ini membuktikan bahwa banyaknya kelompok Islam di Lebanon, tidak menjadikan tradisi Islam hilang. Artikel ini juga membuktikan bahwa terdapat unsur politik yang tercampur sampai pada aspek tradisi di Lebanon.
Tradisi keagamaan di Lebanon semakin menarik ketika dilihat dengan ragam kelompok agama Islam yang dianut oleh masyarakatnya. Islam tentu masih menduduki peringkat pertama sebagai agama mayoritas di negara Timur Tengah tersebut. Namun di samping menjadi agama yang paling banyak dianut, Islam di Lebanon memiliki kelompok yang beragam. Artikel ini akan memfokuskan bagaimana praktik tradisi keagamaan Islam, yaitu perayaan Bulan Muharram di tengah banyaknya kelompok Islam di Lebanon. Perbedaan maupun persamaan dalam menjalankan tradisi Islam antar kelompok juga menjadi fokus dalam penelitian. Dengan pendekatan sejarah, sosiologi, dan antropologi, artikel ini menganalisis bagaimana tradisi keagamaan yang dilakukan di Lebanon dalam ragam kelompok Islam serta problematika yang ditimbulkannya. Tulisan ini membuktikan bahwa banyaknya kelompok Islam di Lebanon, tidak menjadikan tradisi Islam hilang. Artikel ini juga membuktikan bahwa terdapat unsur politik yang tercampur sampai pada aspek tradisi di Lebanon.
Perlawanan Masyarakat Desa Gombong Tasikmalaya Terhadap Gerakan DI/TII
Authors: Fazriah Tisha Maulida , Hery Supiarza  , Harry Tjahjodiningrat
Published: September 2024

DI/TII is a movement that wants to establish an Islamic State of Indonesia. Led by S.M Kartosuwirjo. The process of spreading gradually for dozens of years in West Java. S.M Kartosuwirjo is a close relative of Ir. Soekarno and still in the same university with HOS Tjokroaminoto. NII was established around August 7, 1949, in the Cisayong area, Tasikmalaya. Coinciding with the second Dutch military aggression. At that time, there was disappointment on the part of Kartosuwirjo because Islam was not the basis of the state. The purpose of this study is to see the resistance of the Tasikmalaya people to DI/TII power. Qualitative methods with a historical approach were used to collect all data. The findings of this study succeeded in obtaining data on organizations that participated in the fight against DI/TII, namely: Village Security Organizations (OKD), Mandatory Training Organizations (WALA), People's Defense Organizations (OPR) and Village Pagers (PD). In addition, this research was also able to obtain information about the story of the resistance against DI/TII from sources who are still alive today. The implications of this research can be a historical reference for the struggle of the Indonesian people for today's young generation.
Mengislamkan Turki: Peradaban Tasawuf di Turki-Ottoman Abad ke 13-16
Authors: Rizal Fahmi
Published: September 2024

This article will explain in a descriptive-analytical manner the early development of Sufism or Sufism in the Turkish region, especially in Anatolia in the thirteenth to sixteenth centuries. This study uses historical research by tracing various sources, including books, journals and articles on Sufism and Sufism in Turkey in the thirteenth to sixteenth centuries. The result is that the majority of Sufis and Sufi groups or tarekat originate from Central Asia and Khurasan or Persia. Initially Islam or in this case Sufism and Sufism were spread through individuals, who were usually called by dede, baba, sheikh, mursidorthe bridge, who preached Islam to the lower classes of society. Then, when entering the early fourteenth century, various groups of tarekat entered, which also originated or had their origins in Central Asia or Persia. Apart from that, this article also explains the influence of one of the great Sufis, Ibn Arabi, in the Ottoman Empire in particular. Where his teachings, works and figures were highly valued and appreciated in the Ottoman Empire by the sultans and Ottoman scholars at that time.
Artikel ini menjelaskan secara deskriptif-analitis tentang perkembangan awal tasawuf atau sufisme di wilayah Turki, khususnya di Anatolia pada abad ketigabelas hingga keenambelas. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian sejarah dengan melacak berbagai sumber baik buku, jurnal dan artikel mengenai sufisme dan tasawuf di Turki abad ketigabelas hingga keenambelas. Hasilnya adalah bahwa mayoritas sufi dan kelompok sufi atau tarekat berasal dari Asia Tengah dan Khurasan atau Persia. Awalnya Islam atau dalam hal ini tasawuf dan sufisme disebarkan melalaui perseorangan, yang biasanya dipanggil dengan dede, baba, syekh, mursid atau pir, yang mendakwahkan Islam kepada masyarakat kelas bawah. Lalu ketika memasuki awal abad keempatbelas masuk berbagai kelompok macam tarekat yang juga berasal atau mempunyai asal usul dari wilayah Asia Tengah atau Persia. Selain itu, di artikel ini juga dijelaskan pengaruh salah satu sufi besar Ibn Arabi di kerajaan Ottoman secara khusus. Di mana ajaran, karya-karyanya hingga sosoknya sangat dihargai dan diapresiasi di kerajaan Ottoman oleh para sultan dan para ulama Ottoman pada saat itu.
Rekam Jejak Perjuangan Ki Ageng Basyariyah di Madiun Selatan 1710-1811
Authors: Melani Zuanti Fitria Melani
Published: September 2024

This article is about the figure of Ki Ageng Basyariyah or Raden Mas Bagus Harun as the village founder and the bearer of the Syattariyah Tariqa in Sewulan village, Dagangan sub-district, Madiun regency. The purpose of this research is to reveal the role of Ki Ageng Basyariyah in the establishment and deployment of the Syattariyah Tariqa and its teachings in Sewulan village. In this study, the researcher uses a historical research method using a qualitative approach. There are several findings in this research. First, the biography and genealogy of Ki Ageng Basyariyah are still continued until Panembahan Senopati to Maulana Malik Ibrahim. Second, the role of Ki Ageng Basyariyah to build Sewulan village after helping Sunan Pakubuwono II in Geger Pecinan. Third, the Syattariyah Tariqa brought by Ki Ageng Basyariyah in Sewulan was obtained from his teacher, Kiai Ageng Muhammad Besari.
UPACARA PERNIKAHAN LEK BATIN DI DESA RANTAU PANDAN KABUPATEN BUNGO PROVINSI JAMBI
Authors: Indriyuliani Wulan , Nofra Doni
Published: September 2024

Lek Batin merupakan salah satu tradisi pernikahan yang terdapat di Desa Rantau Pandan, Kabupaten Bungo, Provinsi Jambi. Eksistensi tradisi Lek Batin ini merupakan penanda kekuatan ekonomi suatu keluarga dalam melaksanakan pesta pernikahan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan prosesi dan perkembangan tradisi Lek Batin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah dengan tahapannya yaitu: heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi dan penulisan. Sumber data yang didapatkan dipenelitian ini adalah wawancara dan arsip berupa buku nikah, catatan pernikahan dari KUA, serta foto-foto pernikahan. Hasil penelitian menjukkan bahwa upacara Lek Batin dilakukan dengan 3 tahapan: sebelum pernikahan, pelaksanaan pesta pernikahan, serta pasca pernikahan. Masyarakat kelas ekonomi kuat yang melaksanakan Lek Batin mampu menghadirkan hidangan hewan berkaki empat, iringan pesta musik dan arak-arakan pengantin. Lek Tengganai sebagai pesta kelas kedua tidak mampu menghadirkan itu semuanya. Seiring bertukarnya zaman tradisi lek batin tetap harus dilestarikan tanpa harus mengurangi bahkan menghilangkan ciri khas yang sudah melekat pada tradisi tersebut.
Peran Ilmu Humaniora Dalam Mendorong Moderasi Beragama
Authors: Lukmanul Hakim , Meria Aziza , Suryadinata Sartika , Prakoso Karima Nabila
Published: September 2024

Artikel ini membahas peran yang dimainkan oleh Ilmu Humaniora dalam mendorong moderasi beragama. Ilmu Humaniora dilihat sebagai kumpulan disiplin ilmu yang fokus pada penciptaan budaya manusia, termasuk aspek-aspek seperti keyakinan, ide-ide, etika, dan tradisi. Artikel ini menyelidiki bagaimana ilmu ini dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam merangsang sikap moderat dalam konteks keberagamaan. Melalui Ilmu Humaniora dapat membantu memahami peran agama dalam masyarakat dengan lebih mendalam, merangsang dialog antar keyakinan, dan mendorong pemahaman yang lebih luas tentang keragaman keyakinan. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, berbasis library research (studi kepustakaan), artikel ini menguraikan pentingnya peran Ilmu Humaniora sebagai fasilitator untuk mempromosikan sikap moderat dalam konteks keberagaman, memberikan kontribusi positif terhadap harmoni dan pemahaman antar umat beragama. Diantara peran ilmu humaniora dalam mendorong moderasi beragama ialah, 1. Mengurai Pemahaman Mendalam Mengenai Moderasi Beragama Melalui Kajian Teks-Teks Kuno 2. Mengintegrasi Filsafat Islam dengan Moderasi Beragama Guna Meminimalisir Radikalisme, 3. Pendekatan Antropologi Sebagai Solusi Alternatif Kajian Moderasi Beragama di Indonesia, 4. Mengulik Akar Tradisi Keagamaan Masyarakat Guna Penguatan Moderasi Beragama, 5. Moderasi Beragama Berbasis Budaya
MILITANSI YANG RELIGIUS: AKTIVITAS DAN PERANAN TAREKAT BEKTASIYAH DI KERAJAAN OTTOMAN, 1300-1800
Authors: Aldiansyah Muhammad , Rizal Mahendra Fahmi
Published: September 2024

This article will explain about the history of the Bektasiyah order, which played an important role in the spiritual axis of the Ottoman warriors from 1300 to 1800. This order was able to give the soldiers a high level of jihad militancy to fight against the sultan's enemies and to expand the empire's territory. Balim Sultan, who was close to Bayezid II, succeeded in institutionalizing the Bektasiyah order into a structured tarekat and emphasized the systematic tarekat tradition. The Bektasiyah Order has its own hierarchy for each follower of the Haci Bektas teachings and each level has a certain role as a dedication to the tarekat. This research was conducted with the aim of studying the Bektasiyah order more deeply related to basic matters such as its role, spiritual teachings, and its relation to the Ottomans. The method used when conducting this research is using historical research methods and library research. In the 13th century AD, the Bektasiyah Order experienced an increase in followers from time to time, even though the teachings taught were antinomian and different from Islamic teachings in general. When entering the modern era, this tarekat experienced difficult times due to the policy of sultan Selim III regarding the elimination of Yanisari soldiers because Yanisari soldiers who were also followers of the Bektasiyah order tended to interfere more in royal political issues and no longer had a solid religious foundation.
THE EAST HINDIA COMPANY'S TRADE AND THE MOESLIM ECONOMY IN THE MUGHAL SULTANATE OF INDIA, 1610-1630 AD
Authors: Abdurrahman Dudung , Luqman Al Hakim  , Ilhamzah  , Muhammad Muzir Azyumardi
Published: September 2024

The Mughal Sultanate was one of the great Islamic sultanates in the classical Islamic era, the Mughal contribution to Islamic civilization in India was very large in terms of politics, culture, architecture, and economy. In the economic field, the Mughals had been independent before the arrival of the EIC in the sultanate in 1610, the Mughals had exported a lot of their agricultural and mining products to both Asia and Europe by cooperating with Muslim merchants, as well as land rulers both Muslim and Hindu. The arrival of EIC in the Mughal Sultanate changed the existing economic order because EIC in smoothing its business often entered into contracts with landlords and bribes with the Mughal apparatus it had significant implications for the development of the Islamic economy in the Mughal Sultanate. EIC also played a monopoly in India and outside India, resulting in the death of the Islamic economy. Eventually, many Muslim merchants and landlords turned to EIC for the sake of their business.
Eyespots: Supernatural or supernormal? A case study from Papua New Guinea
Authors: Grant Rachel A. , Montrose V. Tamara
Published: September 2024

Eyespots are found across many taxa, usually for predator intimidation. In human artefacts, eye designs have been presumed to have an apotropaic function (warding off supernatural evil and envy) rather than an evolutionary function related to protection from agonistic interactions. We hypothesised that, instead, eyespot designs may have been used in human cultures for intimidation of opponents (deimatic display). We examined 1,070 objects from Papua New Guinea, where eyespots are frequently displayed on various objects. We predicted that objects used for guarding or protection would be more likely to have eyespots than domestic objects. Chi-square tests of independence showed that significantly more canoe prows and shields and fewer domestic objects had eyespots than expected. Furthermore, we surveyed 81 respondents, showing objects with and without eyespot patterns. Chi-square tests showed that objects with eyespots elicited significantly more fear and anxiety related emotions, and non-eyespot designs elicited more calm and relaxed emotions than expected. Thus, objects with eyespots were considered more intimidating than those displaying geometric, or plain designs. This research provides empirical evidence for the use of eyespot designs for deimatic display in humans and possible convergent evolution of eyespots due to gene – culture coevolution.
Interlayer and Moiré excitons in atomically thin double layers: From individual quantum emitters to degenerate ensembles
Authors: Brotons-Gisbert Mauro , Gerardot Brian D. , Holleitner Alexander W. , Wurstbauer Ursula
Published: September 2024

Interlayer excitons (IXs), composed of electron and hole states localized in different layers, excel in bilayers composed of atomically thin van der Waals materials such as semiconducting transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) due to drastically enlarged exciton binding energies, exciting spin–valley properties, elongated lifetimes, and large permanent dipoles. The latter allows modification by electric fields and the study of thermalized bosonic quasiparticles, from the single particle level to interacting degenerate dense ensembles. Additionally, the freedom to combine bilayers of different van der Waals materials without lattice or relative twist-angle constraints leads to layer-hybridized and Moiré excitons, which can be widely engineered. This article covers fundamental aspects of IXs, including correlation phenomena as well as the consequence of Moiré superlattices with a strong focus on TMD homo- and heterobilayers.

Graphical abstract
Nursing care as perceived by trans persons: a phenomenological approach
Authors:   Escuela de Enfermería, Universidad Santo Tomás, Temuco, Chile., Álvarez-Muñoz Edgardo , Barrios-Casas Sara ,   Departamento de Enfermería, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Trans persons require particular and specific care, as well as equitable and egalitarian treatment corresponds to an ethical obligation for nurses. In health centers, the care relationship between nurses and trans patients remains unexplored in its entirety. Objective: To unveil the nursing care perceived by trans persons in Chilean health centers. Materials and Materials and Methods: Qualitative study, based on a phenomenological design according to Alfred Schutz. The data were collected through an in-depth interview conducted through Google Meet, then for the analysis of the data, the guidelines suggested by social phenomenology were followed. To safeguard the credibility, consistency and accuracy of the results, Lincoln and Guba's criteria of rigor were used. Results: The data were saturated with 9 participants from different regions of Chile. Four themes emerged from the research that describe the perception of trans persons in relation to the nursing care received: characteristics of humanized care; care in an ethical-legal perspective; facilitating factors for care and hindering factors for care. Discussion: Findings exposed in other studies were found, such as the need for gender training for nurses and the challenges and structural barriers faced by trans people; on the contrary, competent trans care practices and with respect to gender identity that differ from those referred to by other studies are highlighted. Conclusions: Nursing care perceived by trans persons is a complex phenomenon, influenced by various personal factors, experiences, feelings and emotions that shape the perception and quality of care.
Podcast about child care as an educational health technology: a qualitative study
Authors:   Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil., de Oliveira Borges Joyce , Garcia Bezerra Góes Fernanda ,   Universidade Federal Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil., Cerqueira Santos Santana da Silva Aline , Vieira Pereira Ávila Fernanda Maria , de Carvalho Lemos e Goulart Maithê , Ferreira Nunes Nátale Gabriele , Ramos Martins Vanessa
Published: September 2024

Introduction: Technological advances have transformed communication, making social media essential elements that promote easy access to information. Objective: To understand the use of podcasts as an educational health technology for disseminating knowledge about child care. Materials and Methods: Online, descriptive, and exploratory study, with a qualitative approach, developed between March and April 2023, using an electronic form with 41 participants, listeners of the podcasts from a technological initiation project. The data was processed in the Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires and analyzed according to Thematic Content Analysis. Results: The use of the podcast was described as fundamental in the face of different doubts about child care. This educational technology proved enlightening, practical, accessible, and interesting, and the topics addressed were important for expanding the listeners’ knowledge. Furthermore, the fact of having an audio format made consuming the content and daily tasks easier. Discussion: Changes in the participants’ behavior were observed through the use of this social media, encouraging safe practices and guidance that corroborate health education practices. It has reinforced the importance of social media as a means of disseminating information to improve care practices aimed at the pediatric population. Conclusions: The podcast is an educational health technology that eases the dissemination of knowledge to the population about child care in a free, practical, and accessible way and can, therefore, be applied to health education, having an innovative character from the perspective of digital health.
Stock assessment of rosy barb, Pethia conchonius (Hamilton, 1822) in Dal Lake of Kashmir Himalayas
Authors: Nissar Sinan , Bakhtiyar Yahya , Yousuf Tabasum , Bhat Abrar Ahmad , Zuber Sofi Mohammad
Published: September 2024

For management of fish stocks, assessing the various parameters of population dynamics are regarded as being extremely important. Under this backdrop the population dynamics parameters viz. growth, mortality and recruitment of Pethia conchonius, inhabiting the Dal Lake of Kashmir Himalayas were analysed using FiSAT II software. The analysed specimens were collected from five different sites within the lake and exhibited a total weight range of 0.3 to 6.4 g and a total length range of 3.1 to 7.8 cm. The relative condition factor for the fish was reported to be 1.11. The growth parameter i.e., asymptotic length, age at zero length, growth performance index and growth constant were reported to be 10.0 cm, –0.75 years, 1.48 and 0.30 year–1 respectively. The total mortality of 1.49 year–1, consisting of natural mortality of 0.88 year–1 and fishing mortality of 0.61 year–1 was reported. An exploitation rate of 0.41 is suggestive of a less exploited state of the fish. The length at first maturity was found to be higher than the length at first capture, a condition that can disturb the stock, as such the utility of a net with relatively larger mesh size is advisable. The current research on the population dynamics of P. conchonius can be used as the baseline data for its management practices.
Maiden study on fish diversity of the Diring River in Baksa District, Assam, India
Authors: Baro Phwjwngsa , Narzary Jwngma
Published: September 2024

The Northeast India has several natural water resources that support a variety of aquatic fauna. However, many parts of the region have remained unexplored for ichthyofauna. Research on the diversity of fishes in large water bodies has received significant attention from many researchers in the region. In contrast, studies on small stream rivers are very scant. Therefore, the present study aims to record the diversity of fish fauna in the small stream Diring River of Baksa District, Assam. In this survey, 27 species of fishes were recorded from five study sites. The dominant family was Cyprinidae, comprising 48% of the total fish species. The conservation status of the majority of species was Least Concern (88.8%) followed by Near Threatened (3.7%) and Vulnerable (3.7%). However, conservation status of 3.7% of the fish species was not evaluated by IUCN. The Shannon diversity index ranged from 1.5 to 2.6, the evenness index from 0.84 to 0.98, and the richness index from 1.1 to 2.6, indicating a good status of ichthyofaunal resources in the study sites. Since there were no existing records on the fish diversity of the Diring River, this maiden study might serve as baseline information for further research.
Impacts of flooding on rural communities in Bangladesh
Authors: Akter Sumana
Published: September 2024

Flooding is a regular phenomenon in many countries, including Bangladesh, causing severe damage to communities. Despite widespread impacts, most studies focus on a single community. This study examines the impacts of flooding on three key rural Bangladeshi communities: agriculture farmers, fish farmers, and fishermen. Data were collected from three flood-prone areas: Roumari Upazila (Kurigram district), Chauhali Upazila (Sirajganj district), and Char Bhadrasan Upazila (Faridpur district). The mean age of respondents varied across groups (LMM: F = 21.2, p < 0.001), but not across study sites. The mean education level was 6.9 ± 4.9 years, with fish farmers having the highest schooling at 7.4 years. Monthly income varied across groups (LMM: F = 174.3, p < 0.05). Most respondents (84.7%) received financial loans from non-government sources. Flooding negatively affected agricultural and fish farmers, who lost their crops. However, fishermen experienced a positive effect, with increased fishing days and duration, leading to higher fish harvests during floods  (LMM: all p < 0.05). The study also highlights respondents’ expectations to minimize flood impacts. The findings of this study are crucial for understanding the variation in flood impacts on key communities in rural Bangladesh and can inform effective flood management planning.
A Critical Review on Static and Dynamic Performance of Coal Mine Overburden Dump Slopes: Present Status and Way Forward
Authors: Mohanty Madhumita , Sarkar Rajib , Das Sarat Kumar
Published: September 2024

In the last two decades, opencast coal mining has dominated the coal mining sector of India in comparison to the underground mining. This has caused an increase in large quantity of overburden (OB) waste material which is generally dumped in the form of slope commonly known as OB dump slope. The highly heterogeneous OB dump materials are generally dumped in the loose state implying that the OB dump slopes are highly vulnerable to failure. Therefore, proper functioning of the mining activities requires stable OB dump slopes. This paper briefly provides an overview on the formation of OB dump slopes and some catastrophic failures highlighting the importance of proper and adequate analyses. Next, the major factors affecting the OB dump stability are discussed elaborately with respect to the performance of the slopes under static and dynamic loading. Finally, various approaches available for the assessment of their stability are collated and discussed. The important aspect of consideration of heterogeneity on the performance of slope is highlighted and the need of detailed future research is envisaged.
Provenance, Intensity of Weathering, and Economic Potential of Placer-bearing Sediments on the Shelf off Quilon, Southwestern Coast, India
Authors: Varghese Saju , C. Remya , Joseph Smitha , P.R. Rajaneesh Narayan , Mukhopadhayay Basab
Published: September 2024

In this study, the mineralogy and geochemistry of sediments of the continental shelf off Quilon, southwest coast, India is used as proxies to constrain their provenance, the intensity of weathering at source, and economic potential. The weathering index calculations were carried out on the sediments and the results showed that Chemical Alteration Index (CIA) (Average = 72.88), Chemical Index of Weathering (CIW) (Average = 92.72), and Plagioclase Alteration Index (PIA) (Average = 89.74) are high, indicating moderate to intense source area weathering. High source area weathering is also supported by high Th/U ratio (Average = 5.68) which is above the average crustal Th/U ratio of 3.8. The sediments are first-cycle sediments derived from the nearby source area, as evidenced by the identification of unaltered heavy minerals and rock-forming minerals, along with a high Average Composition Variability Index (ICV) (Average = 1.20). The high K2O/Na2O ratios (Average = 3.88), and LREE/HREE ratios (Average = 20), plotting of samples in the felsic field of various binary plots (SiO2 vs. Al2O3/TiO2, Zr vs. TiO2, Ce vs. La/Yb and La/Th vs. Hf binary plots) and normalized REE patterns with LREE enrichment and negative Eu anomaly indicate the sediments were primarily derived from Khondalites of the Trivandrum block and were transported by the Kallada and Ithikkara rivers. Average Σ REE, Th, and U concentrations are 222 ppm, 15.2 ppm, and 2.58 ppm respectively in the bulk sediments. The heavy mineral separates showed significantly increased concentrations of Σ REE (Average = 3009 ppm), Th (Average = 478 ppm), and U (Average = 30 ppm) due to the presence of monazite. Due to high Σ REE, Th, and U concentrations in the sediments due to monazite, present study recommend for further exploration of these sediments, which could contribute significantly to the resource base of the nation.
New Uranium-lead (U-Pb) Zircon Geochronology of Sholayar Alkaline Syenite Complex, Kerala: Significance of Cryogenian Magmatism from the Southern Granulite Terrane of the Indian Shield
Authors: Chowdhury Moumita , Ray Jyotisankar , Tomson J.K. , Sarkar Debaleena , Patel Suresh C. , Kumar Rajeev , Mukherjee Pratik , Sahoo Soumili , Koeberl Christian
Published: September 2024

U-Pb age data from the leuco-syenite from the Sholayar Alkaline Syenite Complex (SASC) (10°17′59.9″N: 076°47′26.3″E) is presented in this study. The present sample contains alkali feldspar (orthoclase), oligoclasic plagioclase, diopsidic pyroxene, biotite and opaque minerals (magnetite and ilmenite). The modal data of constituent minerals is plotted over the IUGS classification diagram and the data plots fall within the syenite field. Obtained age (mean age 706.7 ± 8.4 Ma) largely corresponds to the Cryogenian period. In chondrite-normalized diagrams, the syenite shows some affinity towards well-studied silica over-saturated syenites of the Southern Granulite Terrane (SGT). The Ti-in zircon thermometry indicates the crystallization temperature in the range of 613° to 755°C. The reported zircon U-Pb age suggests evidence for Cryogenian alkaline magmatism in the SGT associated either with asthenospheric upwelling in an extensional setting or subduction related continental rifting.
Computational Modelling of 2004 Off West Coast of Sumatra Earthquake-Tsunami Wave Propagation Using Two-Dimensional Cellular Automata in the Eastern Indian Coast
Authors: Mohamed E. Syed , Regina M. Yasmin , Syed S. Syed Abdul
Published: September 2024

The ability to detect destructive tsunamis and spare lives from serious harm has made the computation of tsunami wave dynamics increasingly important. The tremendous loss of life and property brought on by the 26th of December, 2004 tsunami has raised the demand for accurate and timely propagation of tsunami wave simulations. These days, a variety of early warning technologies and models are utilized to predict tsunami waves. The propagation phase of a tsunami wave is simulated using two-dimensional cellular automata of rectangular lattices in eight directions from this research. Modelling of the Sumatra-Andaman earthquake in 2004 to simulate the propagation of tsunami waves to strike the northern coasts of India. The earliest tsunami arrival time, travel time, and wave spread rate are determined from this study, and the results are verified using historical data.
Improvement of Fluidity and Long-term Strength of Cemented Paste Backfill with Low Calcium Fly-ash
Authors: Huang Mingqing , Zheng Qiwei , Liu Qingling , Gao Zhong
Published: September 2024

Waste rocks and tailings are widely applied materials in underground metal mines to backfill mined-out areas. To test the effect of low calcium fly ash on slurry fluidity and long-term strength of cemented paste backfill, orthogonal experiments of backfill proportions with variable levels of waste, tailing, fly ash, water and their combinations were carried out. Results show that slurry slump is most sensitive to mass concentration, and slurry fluidity is optimal when fly ash-cement ration is 1:1. The longterm strength of cemented paste backfill after curing for 56 days is significantly affected by cement-(tailing + waste) ratio, and slightly evolves regardless of fly ash-cement ratio. Fly ash promotes the generation of active silicon oxide and aluminum oxide, which fills the pores within the backfill. The optimal proportion of cemented paste backfill is 77% mass concentration, 8:2 tailing–waste ratio, 1:30 cement-(tailing + waste) ratio and 1:1 fly ash–cement ratio. The correlative slurry slump and long-term backfill strength meet the requirement of pumping and backfill mining. Additionally, an industrial scale loop pumping test of backfill slurry shows the pipeline transportation resistance is 4 kPa/m, pipeline diameter is optimal at 150 mm, and flow rate is optimal at 90–100 m3/h. The experiment confirms that proper addition of low calcium fly ash is conducive to improve the slurry fluidity and long-term strength of cemented paste backfill.
Neoproterozoic Ridge Subduction Beneath South China Craton: TTG Suites of Kangding Complex in Western Yangtze Block and its Geochemistry Characteristics
Authors: Mabi Awei , Zhang Mingchun , Li Yanlong , Yu Niuben , Xu Xiaochuan
Published: September 2024

A multidisciplinary study involving field investigation, petrographic, geochronology, and whole-rock geochemical data is presented for TTG suites in the western Yangtze Block. In this paper, we compiled element geochemistry data that we obtained from our previous works for China Geological Survey Projects and presented the zircon U-Pb age and the whole-rock elemental compositions of the Na-rich TTG rocks to provide constraints on the origin of the Neoproterozoic magmatism in the western Yangtze Block. The studied rocks show a calc-alkaline trend. They are comparable in whole-rock chemistry to Archean TTG suites from Finland, Labrador, India, Zimbabwe, Brazil, and Ontario, as well as the modern calc-alkaline magmas such as volcanic rocks in the Kastamonu area of Northern Turkey and the Cenozoic andesitedacite-rhyolite suites from the North American Cordillera. Zircon U-Pb age shows the crystallization age of the plagioclase gneiss from Kangding Complex is 772.4 ± 6.9 Ma. The granodiorites are more enriched in LREEs but depleted in HREEs, showed strong negative Eu anomalies, and are characterized by fractionated LREE, flat HREE, and depletion of high-field-strength trace elements (HFSE) relative to normal mid-ocean basalts (N-MORB). However, most trondhjemites, all tonalites, and all quartz diorites have no Eu anomalies. Trace element distribution patterns for all samples show typical island arc signatures with relative enrichment in LILE and depletion in HFSE like Nb and Ta. We assume that the TTG suites were derived from melting of metabasalt in a subducted slab heated by a slab window, which provides further support for a Neoproterozoic intra-oceanic ridge subduction along the western margin of Yangtze Block.
Xenotransplantation of cortical progenitors into athymic mouse brain v1
Authors: Wright courtney.wright , not provided louise.cottle , Thompson Lachlan
Published: September 2024

This protocol details the surgical procedure for xenotransplantation of cortical progenitors into the striatum of athymic mice (details on generation of cortical progenitors and preparation of cells for transplantation are linked out to other protocols).
Mobile Learning and Verbal Proficiency: A Cross-Sectional Study Investigating English Speaking Skills Enhancement
Authors: JR Kewin Anten Raj , Baisel Anu
Published: September 2024

Mobile learning supports a constructivist approach to learning by providing student-focused pedagogies and enhancing students' self-directed learning toward a goal. While reading, writing, listening, and speaking are all important life skills, speaking or, to put it another way, communication—occurs often in both official and casual settings. For this reason, speaking is typically more important than the other abilities. Gaining speaking proficiency is just as crucial as developing other abilities that are necessary for target language learners to improve their communication. Offering a comprehensive picture of how mobile learning interventions function for different learner profiles is the aim of this methodical sampling strategy. Due to their widespread use, mobile devices offer unparalleled accessibility and flexibility for learning, independent of location. Consequently, developing successful educational interventions requires an understanding of the connection between these technology benefits and the enhancement of English language proficiency through speaking. Data from 29 surveys were gathered for a quantitative cross-sectional study using Google Forms, which examined the effects of mobile learning, prior English proficiency, frequency of mobile engagement, and their link to English-speaking abilities. The study sought to clarify the importance and association of these factors in improving verbal competency through mobile learning in English language acquisition, using t-tests for group comparison and Cronbach's Alpha for reliability. Findings highlight the necessity for customized methods depending on learners' proficiency levels to maximize their efficacy. Regular mobile learning engagement is strongly correlated with prior English proficiency and increased language abilities.
Needs Analysis of English for Specific Purposes for Health Sciences Students: A Cross-Sectional Study at a University in the U.A.E.
Authors: Mohamed Omnia I. , Aljadaan Omar , Al-Ani Nowar N.
Published: September 2024

This paper presents findings from a needs analysis survey to determine the extent to which the current English for Specific Purposes (ESP) course for healthcare students meets the needs of this population. A structured questionnaire was shared with the students (N=180) from different healthcare departments to examine the preferability of different aspects. Many participants gave great value to ESP courses whose importance was mainly to learn medical or pharmaceutical terminology and communicative skills. Yet, the participants preferred the conversational content over the grammatical one. Most participants perceived the four English skills as important. The overall conclusion shows that the main objective of an ESP course is language fluency to be able to communicate and achieve any requirement in their career. Moreover, the study shows that the conventional methods of assessment are less preferred and that students prefer assessments where teamwork is involved. They also preferred to receive the learning materials via online or technological methods, and they preferred class activities and audio/video aids. Yet, a great number did not prefer using an English Language Laboratory. Finally, most of them agreed that being in a mostly English-speaking community at the university is convenient to enhance their communication skills in English.
Using a Technology-Enhanced Active Learning Classroom to Teach English: A Help or Hindrance?
Authors: Dehdary Nazanin , Allmark Ndrew , Nadabi Zakiya Al , Hurmuzy Sally Al
Published: September 2024

Educators view active learning as a pedagogical enabler for preparing students for the demands of today’s workplaces and equipping students with 21st century skills such as critical thinking, problem solving, collaboration, and teamwork. However, there seems to be a noticeable incongruity between the eagerness on the development of 21st century skills and the learning spaces where these skills are intended to be acquired. The significance of learning spaces and their potential for facilitating or impeding students’ active engagement should not be overlooked. Considering the indispensability of technology in today's world, its integration becomes crucial not only in today's pedagogy and curriculum but also in the design of learning spaces. This study aims to investigate teachers’ perspectives of teaching in a technology-enhanced active learning (TEAL) classroom by exploring their experiences of using the TEAL classrooms, the factors affecting their experiences, and how these factors shape teaching experiences from the viewpoint of teacher participants. This study adopts a mixed methods approach where quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis are incorporated to address the research questions. Findings of the study suggest that the majority of classroom users had a positive overall impression of the TEAL classrooms with some discussing the challenges they encountered. Analysis of the data shows both classroom-related and non-classroom related factors influencing teachers’ teaching experiences. Classroom-related factors encompass aspects such as classroom layout and the technology embedded within the classroom environment. On the other hand, non-classroom related factors are classified into course-related, teacher-related, and student-related factors.
Students’ Perceptions of Demotivating Factors in Learning English for Specific Purposes at a Military Medical University in Vietnam
Authors: Huong Le Vien Lan , Tuyet Ngo Thi , Giang Dang Nguyen
Published: September 2024

English for specific purposes (ESP) is currently incorporated and categorized in Vietnamese tertiary curricula. This study was conducted at a military medical university in northern Vietnam. The aim of the study was to identify the factors that demotivate medical university students in the military environment from learning ESP. The demotivating factors were divided into four categories: (1) connected to teachers; (2) linked to students; (3) related to infrastructure; and (4) associated with university/faculty. In this study, data gathered from questionnaires issued to 454 third-year students and interviews with 40 students has been processed using a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methodologies. The results of the investigation demonstrate that demotivating variables are essentially unrelated to teachers. Actually, the factors that make the students demotivated to learn ESP are mainly associated with the university/faculty, the students themselves, and the infrastructure. Furthermore, the findings contribute to recommendations for how to enhance ESP learning for students both at the military medical university and other education institutions.
Comparison of American and Indonesian Women's Notion in Cather's O'pioneer! and Hamka's Tenggelamnya Kapal Van Der Wijk
Authors: Abbas Abbas , Saleh Noer Jihad , Pattu Amir , Rahman Fathu , Pammu Abidin
Published: September 2024

This scientific paper is a literary study that addresses gender issues in the form of a comparison of American women's notions narrated by Alexandra in Cather’s novel O'Pioneer! with Indonesian women narrated by Hayati in Hamka's novel Tenggelamnya Kapal Van Der Wijk. Literary comparative studies are carried out in the form of an analysis of the similarities and differences of American and Indonesian women's notions in the early 20th century as narrated in the two literary works. This research is a structural analysis of literature that emphasizes the study of the intrinsic elements of literature, especially the characterizations originating from Cather’s novel O'Pioneer! in 1913 and Hamka's novel Tenggelamnya Kapal Van Der Wijk in 1938. The data from the two novels were analyzed based on the scientific method of comparative literature which is reconstructed from the concept of de Zepetnek and Endraswara. The results of this study indicate that the similarities between American and Indonesian women in the early 20th century were based on a traditional society that adhered to religion, accepted marriage and homemaking as natural in the process of women's lives, loyalty to true love as a symbol of belief in life, accepting differences, and forgiving. Their differences are moderate traditional versus traditional conservative, new women versus traditional women, heterogeneous versus homogeneous, repositioning tradition versus strengthening tradition, partial domestication of women versus full domestication of women, living with renewal ideas versus dying with conservative ideas, and so on.