bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pêndulo Da Política Externa Comunicacional Do Governo Lula: A Expansão Da Tv Brasil Vis-À-Vis A Adesão A Telesur
Authors: Almeida de Brito Lucas
Published: June 2020

O presente trabalho tem como objetos de estudo a informação, o domínio do Estado sobre ela e a forma pela qual a informação se insere na política externa por meio das agências de notícias. Dessa forma, serão tratados aqui dois projetos de política de comunicação distintos sob a perspectiva da política externa: a Televisión del Sur (TeleSUR), que teve início de suas operações em 2005; e o projeto de expansão da TV Brasil criado no governo do presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, começando a operar em 2007. A hipótese é de que as escolhas tomadas quanto à contribuição a essas agências de notícias refletem um contexto maior de posicionamento da política externa brasileira, oscilando ora entre liderança e ora pela integração. A pesquisa foi conduzida através da busca de textos analíticos a respeito das duas instituições de notícias, além de informações coletadas nos meios eletrônicos institucionais, legislações e discursos.Palavras-chave: Política externa comunicacional; TeleSUR; TV Brasil.ABSTRACTThe present work has as its study objects the information, the State´s domain over it, as well as the way in which the information is inserted in the foreign policy through the news agencies. Thus, two distinct communication foreign policy projects will be addressed here: Televisión del Sur (TeleSUR), which started operations in 2005; and the TV Brasil´s expansion project created under President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, starting to operate in 2007. The hypothesis is that the choices made regarding the contribution to these news agencies reflect a greater context for the positioning of Brazilian foreign policy, oscillating between leadership and integration. The research was conducted through analytical texts about the two news institutions, in addition to information collected in institutional electronic media, legislation, and speeches.Keywords: Informational foreign policy; TeleSUR; TV Brasil.
Política Externa, Democracia E Direitos Humanos: Uma Análise Inicial Do Reconhecimento Brasileiro Da Jurisdição Da Corte Interamericana De Direitos Humanos
Authors: Antunes Ramos Guilherme
Published: June 2020

O trabalho se propõe a analisar, em linhas gerais, a decisão de submeter o Brasil à jurisdição da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos, anunciada em dezembro de 1998. Trata-se de um trabalho de natureza exploratória que objetiva apontar múltiplas possibilidades no que tange aos interesses, objetivos e preferências que nortearam a decisão brasileira, bem como à própria estruturação do processo decisório, manifesta a partir da indicação dos atores sociais que dele fizeram parte, e de sua possível abertura ou alheamento à participação da sociedade civil. A ideia central é compreender melhor a inserção internacional do Brasil no sistema internacional de proteção aos direitos humanos tendo por base a análise de uma decisão considerada como revestida de extrema significância. Ademais, pretende-se investigar a importância do tópico dos direitos humanos na agenda internacional brasileira.Palavras-chave: Política externa brasileira; direitos humanos; Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos.ABSTRACTThis paper analyses, in general lines, the decision to submit Brazil to the jurisdiction of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights, announced in Dezember, 1998. This is an exploratory study whose objectives revolve around signaling multiple possibilities regarding the interests, objectives and preferences that inspire the brazilian decision, as well as the own structuring of the decision-making process, expressed by the identification of the social actors that had a participation in it, and its possible openness to civil society participation. The main idea is to have a better undestanding of brazilian international insertion in the human rights international protective system based on the analysis of a decision considered to be extremely relevant. Moreover, it is intended to investigate the importance of the human rights topic in the brazilian international agenda.Keywords: Brazilian Foreign Policy; human rights; Inter-American Court of Human Rights.
The scope and variance of clinical nurse specialist job descriptions
Authors: Cannaby Ann-Marie , Carter Vanda , Rolland Peter , Finn Aimee , Owen James
Published: June 2020

Specialist nurses have been part of the nursing workforce for decades but articulating the scope of such roles, educational requirements, professional expertise and levels of pay is still widely debated within the workplace. This article reports on a study that examined a sample of clinical nurse specialist (CNS) job descriptions from across the UK. One hundred job descriptions were sourced, originating from various healthcare settings, and audited to explore their scope and content. In conclusion, the job descriptions showed a high level of agreement of the scope domains of a CNS role but were less consistent when considering the experience and educational requirements of CNSs.
Using patient and public involvement to identify priorities for research in long-term conditions management
Authors: Brand Sarah , Bramley Louise , Dring Eleanore , Musgrove Alison
Published: June 2020

Background:

Patient and public involvement (PPI) is increasingly important in healthcare research. Although this is accepted at the level of individual research studies, it has been less well used in scoping fundamental research priorities. It has been suggested that patients with long-term conditions (LTCs) are well placed to influence research priorities in this area due to their accumulated experience of illness over time.

Aims:

To obtain PPI in research-priority setting for a group with a special interest in LTC research.

Discussion:

PPI representatives provided views on issues they thought required further research. The facilitators were able to move from the specifics of these ideas to identify cross-cutting research priorities.

Conclusion:

It was possible to determine broad research themes despite PPI representatives initially articulating identified issues in very specific terms. Facilitating a better understanding of the research process for PPI representatives would allow their contribution to be more effective. Implications for practice PPI should be considered at the beginning of the process when broad research priorities are considered and before the study design. This is particularly so for broad, non-specialty-focused research themes such as LTCs. More work is required to ensure the views of harder-to-reach groups are included in this type of PPI.
Negligence, trauma and nervous shock
Authors: Griffith Richard
Published: June 2020

Richard Griffith, Senior Lecturer in Health Law at Swansea University, considers whether nurses who have suffered psychological trauma because of the negligent handling of the COVID-19 outbreak can claim compensation
Estimation of aboveground biomass using aerial photogrammetry from unmanned aerial vehicle in teak (Tectona grandis) plantation in Thailand
Authors: RINNAMANG SASIWIMOL , SIRIRUEANG KAMPANART , SUPAVETCH SORAVIS , MEUNPONG PONTHEP
Published: June 2020

Abstract. Rinnamang S, Sirirueang K, Supavetch S, Meunpong P. 2020. Estimation of aboveground biomass using aerial photogrammetry from unmanned aerial vehicles in teak (Tectona grandis) plantation in Thailand. Biodiversitas 21: 2369-2376. Thailand is one of the best teak planting locations in the world. Teak is one of the most species planting and a significant source of high-value timber in Thailand. For plantation management, biomass is one of the important factors while determining the production of a plantation and also for sustainable forest management. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) have the ability to produce 3D RGB digital images which can be used to study the plantation characteristics. This study aimed to use aerial images and photogrammetry techniques derived from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) to estimate teak biomass in Thong Pha Phum plantation, Kanchanaburi Province, Thailand. We conducted our study on 15-and 36-year-old teak stands, and compared the tree dimension between data obtained from field measurement and that from aerial images and photogrammetry techniques. In the 15-year-old stand, the average tree height estimated from the UAV and ground-truthing were 12.34 and 13.06 m, respectively. In the 36-year-old stand, the average tree height from the UAV and ground-truthing were 28.87 and 29.39 m, respectively. We found that in both stands, the difference between data generated from the UAV and ground-truthing data was not significant (p-value = 0.07 and 0.306, respectively). There was also a strong correspondence between tree height estimated from the UAV and that measured on the ground which is indicated by the high R2 (i.e. 0.70 and 0.64 for the 15-and 36-year-old stands, respectively). Using UAV generated data, the total biomass of 15-and 36-year-old stands was estimated to be around 42.07 t ha-1 and 67.13 t ha-1, respectively. The overall results suggest that UAV can be used as an effective tool to survey and monitor stand’s productivity in teak plantation.
Therapeutic potentials of n-hexane extracts of the three medicinal mushrooms regarding their anti-colon cancer, antioxidant, and hypocholesterolemic capabilities
Authors: Daba Ghoson , Elkhateeb Waill , Negm ELDien Asmaa , Fadl Eman , Elhagrasi Ali , Fayad Walid , Chi Wen Ting
Published: June 2020

Abstract. Daba GM, Elkhateeb WA, El-Dien AN, Ahmed EF, El Hagrassi AM Fayad W, Wen TC. 2020. Therapeutic potentials of n-hexane extracts of the three medicinal mushrooms regarding their anti-colon cancer, antioxidant, and hypocholesterolemic capabilities. Biodiversitas 21: 2437-2445. Evaluating in vitro biological activities of the medicinal mushrooms Hericium erinaceus, Metacordyceps neogunnii, and Dictyophora indusiata n-hexane extracts revealed their capabilities as promising therapeutic sources. By assessing their DPPH radical scavenging activities, D. indusiata extract exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (87.8±1.2%) followed by H. erinaceus, then M. neogunnii 84.9±1.6%, and 77.3±1.3%, respectively. On the other hand, M. neogunnii extract exerted promising anti-colon cancer (68.6±3.6% cytotoxicity) against HCT116 human colon cancer cell lines at concentration 100 μg/mL, whereas H. erinaceus and D. indusiata extracts exhibited weaker cytotoxic effects (18.3±1.7%, and 19.3±3.2%, respectively) using the same concentration. Investigating cholesterol reduction activities (CRA%) of the extracts revealed that activity depends on both extract concentration and incubation period. After 96 h of incubation at room temperature, all extracts exerted potent in vitro hypocholesterolemic activities (100±0% reduction in cholesterol concentration). Performing GC-Ms analyses on the extracts revealed presence of 22 compounds in D. indusiata extract, while 29 compounds were detected in M. neogunnii extract, and 33 in H. erinaceus extract. Most of compounds were esters of fatty acids. Results in this study encourage using these mushrooms as functional foods, and highlight the need for conducting further in vivo studies to support their use in pharmaceutical industry.
Morphological and molecular characterization of Termitomyces (Lyophyllaceae, Agaricales) in Thailand
Authors: JANNUAL NICHAREE , NIPITWATTANAPHON MINGKWAN , HASIN SASITORN , Kaewgrajang Tharnrat
Published: June 2020

Abstract. Jannual N, Nipitwattanaphon M, Hasin S, Kaewgrajang T. 2020. Morphological and molecular characterization of Termitomyces (Lyophyllaceae, Agaricales) in Thailand. Biodiversitas 21: 2481-2491. Termitomyces is considered to be a highly prized delicacy collected both for home consumption and for sale in local markets. Although the taxonomic information about this genus is well known in Africa, the identification of Termitomyces species in Thailand is unclear. Therefore, this study presented an assessment of phylogenetic relationships in the genus Termitomyces by means of sequencing of the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region and the species characterization by combination of morphological data and molecular data. Total of 61 Termitomyces specimens was collected from a variety of geographical localities of Thailand. They were classified into six species, including T. clypeatus, T. cylindricus, T. fuliginosus, T. heimii, T. microcarpus, and T. striatus based on morphological characteristics combining with molecular characteristics. This is the first diagnostic key of Thai Termitomyces.
Prevalence of Salmonella spp. in fresh fish and shrimp in Semarang’s Traditional Markets (Indonesia) through Polymerase Chain Reaction
Authors: ULFAH AMALIA  , Y. S. DARMANTO
Published: June 2020

Abstract. Amalia U, Darmanto YS. 2020. Prevalence of Salmonella spp. in fresh fish and shrimp in Semarang’s Traditional Markets (Indonesia) through Polymerase Chain Reaction. Biodiversitas 21: 2500-2505. Fresh fish products are rich in macronutrients for meeting the protein needs of the consumer's community. Semarang is a city located in the North Coast of Java, indirectly closely related to the production of catches and processed fish and shrimp, including several large markets in Semarang, e.g.: Rejomulyo, Jatingaleh, and Rasamala. The problem was that there are still many fresh fish and shrimp traders in traditional markets who did not understand how to handling of fresh fish and shrimp properly so that it triggers the growth of bacteria, one of which is Salmonella spp. Indonesian National Standard requires that Salmonella must be negative in food, because these bacteria are pathogenic. Generally, detection of Salmonella in food using conventional methods requires 5 days. This study aims to determine how far the prevalence of Salmonella in fresh fish and shrimps in three traditional markets in Semarang through Polymerase Chain Reaction, Real-Time PCR compare with conventional methods. The results showed that 4 out of 9 fresh fish samples (44%) and also 5 out of 9 fresh shrimp samples (55.6%) in three traditional markets in Semarang was contaminated by Salmonella spp through conventional method; while all of samples (100%) was detected Salmonella spp using PCR.
Short Communication: The presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli on layer chicken farms in Blitar Area, Indonesia
Authors: Wibisono Freshinta Jellia , SUMIARTO BAMBANG , UNTARI TRI , Effendi Mustofa Helmi , PERMATASARI DIAN AYU , WITANINGRUM ADIANA MUTAMSARI
Published: June 2020

Abstract. Wibisono FJ, Sumiarto B, Untari T, Effendi MH, Permatasari DA, Witaningrum AM. 2020. Short Communication: The presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli on layer chicken farms in Blitar Area, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2667-2671. This study was aimed to determine the incidence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli on layer chicken in Blitar area. This was a cross-sectional study with a total of 205 cloacal swabs of layer chicken taken randomly. The sample was in isolation identification on MacConkey media and ESBL confirmation test produced by Escherichia coli was then carried out by the Double Disc Synergy Test (DDST) method and the VITEK® 2 Compact Automated System method. This study showed that 185 (90.24%) isolates of positive Escherichia coli from a total of 205 samples of cloacal swabs of the layer chicken. The incidence of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in cloacal swabs on layer chicken with the Double Disc Synergy Test (DDST) method and the VITEK® 2 compact automatic method was 13 (7.03%). Results in this study indicated that layer chicken has potential as reservoir for spreading ESBL to public health and needs strict hygienic measures to prevent their transmission to humans.
Morphological and molecular identification of Fusarium spp. isolated from maize kernels in Java and Lombok, Indonesia
Authors: Widiastuti Ani , Karlina Monica Lucky , Dhanti Kurnia Ritma , Chinta Yufita Dwi , Joko Tri , Suryanti  , Wibowo Arif
Published: June 2020

Abstract. Widiastuti A, Karlina ML, Dhanti KR, Chinta YD, Joko T, Suryanti, Wibowo A. 2020. Morphological and molecular identification of Fusarium spp. isolated from maize kernels in Java and Lombok, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 2741-2750. Fungal contamination of maize is a serious problem in Indonesia. Fusarium spp. infect maize in the field will be continuing to contaminate in the post-harvest period even though disease symptoms are not always emerged. Some Fusarium spp. produced mycotoxins which are harmful to human and animal health. Aims of this research were to reveal the presence of Fusarium spp. from both symptomatic and unsymptomatic maize, and to identify them based on morphological characteristics and molecular analysis. Samples of maize were collected from maize cultivation areas in East Java (EJ), Central Java (CJ), West Java (WJ), Yogyakarta Special Province (DIY), and Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. Fusarium spp. were isolated in a single spore method and cultured in potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium for morphological identification of macro-and microconidia. Molecular identification was conducted by PCR assay using species-specific primers. Furthermore, unidentified species were analyzed by DNA sequence. This research found four species of mycotoxigenic Fusarium isolated from maize-based on molecular identification, which were Fusarium verticillioides (15 isolates), F. proliferatum (6 isolates), F. graminearum (1 isolate) and F. asiaticum (1 isolate). This research showed a novel report of F. asiaticum infection on maize kernel in Indonesia.
‘Risk of sexual violence against women and girls’ in the construction of ‘gender-neutral toilets’: a discourse analysis of comments on YouTube videos
Authors: Colliver Ben , Coyle Adrian
Published: June 2020

This article considers how the risk of sexual violence against women and girls is topicalised in social media interaction about ‘gender-neutral toilets’. In particular, it examines how versions of the category of ‘transgender people’ are assigned a key role within the construction of sexual violence risk. A discursive analysis is presented of 1,756 online comments in response to ten YouTube videos relating to gender-neutral toilets. The analysis focuses on one theme entitled ‘Gender-neutral toilets as a site of sexual danger’ and its constituent sub-themes. The phenomenon of gender-neutral toilets was responded to with a limited set of gendered tropes that constructed and positioned stakeholders in culturally recognisable ways. Women and children were constructed as vulnerable to sexual violence, at risk from men (including versions of ‘transgender women’) and in need of protection. This transformed a debate over public space into a question of morality. The analysis contributes to existing literature by focusing on the discursive features involved in the construction of risk, and the implications of these constructions in minimising the need to address social structures that position transgender people as legitimate targets of violence.
Development of a fast calibration method for image mapping spectrometry
Authors: Cui Qi , Park Jongchan , Iyer Rishyashring R. , Žurauskas Mantas , Boppart Stephen A. , Smith R. Theodore , Gao Liang
Published: June 2020

An image mapping spectrometer (IMS) is a snapshot hyperspectral imager that simultaneously captures both the spatial (

x

,

y

) and spectral (

λ

) information of incoming light. The IMS maps a three-dimensional (3D) datacube (

x

,

y

,

λ

) to a two-dimensional (2D) detector array (

x

,

y

) for parallel measurement. To reconstruct the original 3D datacube, one must construct a lookup table that connects voxels in the datacube and pixels in the raw image. Previous calibration methods suffer from either low speed or poor image quality. We herein present a slit-scan calibration method that can significantly reduce the calibration time while maintaining high accuracy. Moreover, we quantitatively analyzed the major artifact in the IMS, the striped image, and developed three numerical methods to correct for it.
Photolithography allows high-Q AlN microresonators for near octave-spanning frequency comb and harmonic generation
Authors: Liu Jia , Weng Haizhong , Afridi Adnan Ali , Li Jing , Dai Jiangnan , Ma Xiang , Long Hanling , Zhang Yi , Lu Qiaoyin , Donegan John F. , Guo Weihua
Published: June 2020

Single-crystal aluminum nitride (AlN) possessing both strong Pockels and Kerr nonlinear optical effects as well as a very large band gap is a fascinating optical platform for integrated nonlinear optics. In this work, fully etched AlN-on-sapphire microresonators with a high-Q of 2.1 × 106 for the TE00 mode are firstly demonstrated with the standard photolithography technique. A near octave-spanning Kerr frequency comb ranging from 1100 to 2150 nm is generated at an on-chip power of 406 mW for the TM00 mode. Due to the high confinement, the TE10 mode also excites a Kerr comb from 1270 to 1850nm at 316 mW. In addition, frequency conversion to visible light is observed during the frequency comb generation. Our work will lead to a large-scale, low-cost, integrated nonlinear platform based on AlN.
Temperature resistant fast InxGa1−xAs / GaAs quantum dot saturable absorber for the epitaxial integration into semiconductor surface emitting lasers
Authors: Finke T. , Nürnberg J. , Sichkovskyi V. , Golling M. , Keller U. , Reithmaier J. P.
Published: June 2020

Quantum-dot-based semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors (SESAMs) with fast response times were developed by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Using quantum dots (QDs) in the absorber region of the SESAMs instead of quantum wells, enables additional degrees of freedom in the design, the control of saturation parameters and the recovery dynamics. However, if one wants to integrate such a SESAM element into semiconductor surface emitting lasers such as a mode-locked integrated external-cavity surface-emitting laser (MIXSEL), the saturable absorber layers have to withstand a longer high-temperature growth procedure for the epitaxial formation of distributed Bragg reflectors (DBR). Typically defect related SESAMs will be annealed at those growth temperatures and lose their high-speed performance. Here we present a systematic study on the growth parameters and post-growth annealing of SESAMs based on high-quality InxGa1−xAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) grown by MBE at growth temperatures of 450 °C or higher. The good quality enables the QDs to survive the long DBR overgrowth at 600 °C with only minimal shifts in the designed operation wavelength of 1030 nm required for growth of MIXSEL devices. The introduction of recombination centers with p-type modulation doping and additional post-growth annealing improves the absorption of the high-quality QDs. Hence, low saturation fluences < 10 µJ/cm2 and a reduction of the τ1/e recovery time to values < 2 ps can be achieved.
Simultaneous reconstruction of phase and amplitude for wavefront measurements based on nonlinear optimization algorithms
Authors: Zhao Lei , Yan Hao , Bai Jian , Hou Jing , He Yuhang , Zhou Xiangdong , Wang Kaiwei
Published: June 2020

The non-perfect determined amplitude distribution in the pupil would affect the convergence speed and accuracy of phase retrieval method, which depends on the amplitude of fields to reconstruct the phase. In this paper, we propose two kinds of phase retrieval methods based on hybrid point-polynomial and point-by-point nonlinear optimization algorithms to reconstruct simultaneously the amplitude and phase of the wavefront. Intensity quantized errors are avoided by using modified first derivatives. For simple and general wavefront testing, the accuracy and robustness of proposed algorithms are verified both numerically and experimentally.
Platelet counts in epileptic children receiving valproic acid
Authors: Indrayati Lilik , Nur Fadhilah Tia , Soebagyo Bambang
Published: June 2020

Background Epileptic seizures are a transient occurrence resulting from abnormal, excessive, or synchronous neural activity in the brain. Epilepsy requires long-term treatment, increasingly larger doses, and combination therapy. Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs), especially valproic acid (VPA), are the main treatment of choice. Thrombocytopenia is the most common adverse event from AEDs.

Objective To evaluate platelet counts in epileptic children receiving valproic acid monotherapy vs. polytherapy.

Methods This analytic, observational, retrospective cohort study was conducted in children with epilepsy below 18 years of age and treated in Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta, Central Java. Subjects had received VPA treatment for at least 6 months, either as monotherapy or polytherapy. There were 40 subjects in each group (VPA monotherapy vs. VPA polytherapy). The exclusion criteria were patients who had thrombocytopenia and did not take valproic acid regularly. The data was taken from laboratory and the outcome assessed was decreasing of platelet count.

Results  Administration of VPA as monotherapy vs. polytherapy was not significantly associated with incidence of thrombocytopenia. However, duration of VPA use > 2 years was associated with significantly greater proportion of thrombocytopenia, with OR 33.0 (95%CI 4.157 to 261.962; P=0.001) compared to VPA use < 2 years. Similarly, VPA dose of >30 mg/kg/day was significantly associated with greater proportion of thrombocytopenia, with OR 4.081 (95%CI 1.337 to 12.458; P=0.013) compared to <30 mg/kg/day dosage.

Conclusion Incidence of thrombocytopenia is not significantly different between VPA as a  monotherapy and polytherapy. However, higher VPA dose and longer VPA duration are associated with higher proportion of thrombocytopenia.
Electrocardiogram abnormalities in obese adolescents
Authors: Salim Elizabeth Joan , Gunawijaya Eka , Yantie Ni Putu Veny Kartika
Published: June 2020

Background Obesity in adolescents is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease mortality and sudden cardiac death. Obesity is associated with a wide variety of electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities.

Objective  To assess prevalence and describe the ECG abnormalities in obese adolescents.

Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at Children’s Cardiology Clinic – Integrated Heart Center of Sanglah General Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, by recording ECGs of obese adolescents aged 11-15 years from several junior high schools from December 2016 to April 2017. The inclusion criteria were obese adolescents aged 11 to 15 years, who were willing to participate in the study and provided informed consent.

Results A total of 78 ECGs of obese adolescents (60% male) were selected. Subjects’ mean weight and age were 82.6 (SD 15.2) kg and 13.2 (SD 1) years, respectively. Pre-hypertension was found in 25 (32%) subjects, while hypertension was found in 18 (23%) subjects. There were 29 (37%) subjects with abnormal ECGs. Sinus tachycardia was present in 13 (17%) subjects, and sinus arrhythmia was identified in 11 (14%) subjects. Eight (10%) patients experienced prolongation of QTc interval and 5 (6%) patients presented with prolongation of PR interval. There were no shifts of the P wave, QRS wave and T wave axes, changes of P wave morphology, low QRS voltage, T wave flattening, ventricular enlargement, or ST segment changes found in this study.

Conclusion The prevalence of cardiac abnormalities based on ECG examination in obese adolescents is 37%, consisting of heart rhythm abnormalities, prolonged PR interval, and prolonged QTc interval.
Detecting neurodevelopmental problems in children aged 1-5 years using the simple parent-reported screening tool in combination with primitive reflex assessment
Authors: Calvin Nicholas , Ramli Yetty
Published: June 2020

Background The Kuesioner Pra Skrining Perkembangan/DPsQ (Developmental Pre-screening Questionnaire/DPsQ) is a series of questions and instructions used as a developmental screening tool for children aged 3 months to 6 years. However, the DPsQ cannot fully detect the soft signs of future neurological disorders. However, the retained primitive reflex assessment as an adjunct to the DPsQ may be useful for such detection.

Objective To determine whether assessing for retained primitive reflexes can add to the usefulness of DPsQ as a neurodevelopmental screen in children aged 1 to 5 years.

Methods This cross-sectional study included children aged 1-5 years. Developmental screening was done using the DPsQ and retained primitive reflex assessment was performed using the Institute for Neuro-Physiological Psychology (INPP) screening and scoring guideline.

Results Of 46 subjects, 56.8% of children with normal DPsQ scores had not retained primitive reflexes, while 88.9% of children with suspect DPsQ score had retained primitive reflexes. Hence, children with suspect DPsQ score had a 10.5 times higher chance of retaining primitive reflexes (OR 10.50; 95%CI 1.19 to 92.73; P=0.034). Furthermore, 66.7-77.8% of children with suspect DPsQ score had retained the Moro reflex, asymmetrical tonic neck reflex (ATNR), and symmetrical tonic neck reflex (STNR). Neither gender nor age were significantly associated with either suspect DPsQ score or the presence of retained primitive reflexes.

Conclusion The DPsQ results correlate to integration of primitive reflexes, with 10.50 greater odds of children with ‘suspect’ DPsQ scores to have retained primitive reflexes. As such, retained primitive reflexes is not useful as a primary screen for future neurological problems. However, a high percentage of children (43.2%) with normal DPsQ scores also have retained primitive reflexes.
Gambaran Cairan Serebrospinal pada Pasien Anak dengan Infeksi Susunan Saraf Pusat di Rumah Sakit Rujukan Jawa Barat
Authors: Prakoso Ariel Bagoes , Dewi Mia Milanti , Sugianli Adhi Kristianto
Published: June 2020

Latar belakang. Infeksi pada susunan saraf pusat (SSP) dapat memberikan dampak permanen, seperti ganguan fungsi kognitif dan fisik apabila terlambat mendapatkan penanganan. Perubahan komposisi cairan serebrospinalis (LCS) dapat digunakan sebagai indikator pada infeksi SSP. Studi kepustakaan pada karakteristik perubahan komposisi LCS masih sulit ditemukan sehingga diperlukan studi lebih lanjut mengenai hal ini.Tujuan. Mengetahui gambaran LCS pada pasien anak dengan infeksi susunan saraf pusat.Metode. Deskriptif potong lintang terhadap rekam medis pasien anak dengan infeksi susunan saraf pusat rawat inap di RSUP Dokter Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode Januari 2015-Agustus 2019.Hasil. Dari 211 subjek penelitian dengan rentang usia 1 bulan hingga 18 tahun diperoleh rerata usia 7,18, median usia 5, dan standar deviasi usia 6,53. Diperoleh pada kelompok usia 1 bulan-2 tahun 39,8%, 3-6 tahun 14,7%;, 7-12 tahun 12,8%; dan 13-18 tahun 32,7%. Diperoleh 45,5% sampel merupakan infeksi tuberkulosis (TB), 21,3% sampel infeksi virus, 9,5% sampel infeksi bakteri, dan 23,7% sampel infeksi tidak spesifik.Kesimpulan. Pemeriksaan LCS sangat penting dilakukan untuk menunjang diagnosis infeksi SSP. Sebagian besar LCS menunjukkan gambaran infeksi yang disebabkan oleh TB
Hubungan antara Derajat Fungsi Motorik Kasar dan Status Gizi pada Anak Serebral Palsi Tipe Spastik
Authors: Pujasari Ratih Eka , Rusmil Kusnandi , Somasetia Dadang Hudaya
Published: June 2020

Latar belakang. Serebral palsi (CP) merupakan penyebab disabilitas kronik tersering pada anak. Anak CP mengalami pertumbuhan kurang baik, seiring dengan bertambah beratnya derajat fungsi motorik kasar. Tebal lipat kulit (TLK) dan lingkar lengan atas (LLA) merupakan parameter antropometri yang dapat digunakan untuk menilai status gizi anak CP tipe spastik.Tujuan. Menganalisis hubungan derajat fungsi motorik kasar dengan status gizi pada anak CP tipe spastikMetode. Penelitian dengan rancang potong lintang. Subjek adalah anak usia 1-18 tahun telah terdiagnosis CP tipe spastik, kontrol ke klinik neuropediatri, ilmu kedokteran fisik dan rehabilitasi (IKFR) RS.Hasan Sadikin Bandung dan klinik sekolah luar biasa Yayasan Pendidikan Anak Cacat (YPAC) Bandung, dipilih secara consecutive sampling pada Mei-Juni 2019. Dilakukan pemeriksaan derajat fungsi motorik kasar menggunakan gross motor function classification system (GMFCS), pengukuran LLA dan TLK triseps. Uji statistik menggunakan Uji chi–kuadrat, dengan nilai kemaknaan p<0,05.Hasil. Enam puluh anak CP tipe spastik mengikuti penelitian, terdiri dari 28 laki-laki dan 32 perempuan. Terdapat 28 anak (46,7%) memiliki status gizi kurang dan 2 anak (3,3%) memiliki status gizi lebih berdasarkan LLA. Terdapat 12 anak (20%) memiliki status gizi kurang berdasarkan TLK triseps. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara derajat fungsi motorik kasar dan status gizi berdasarkan LLA p= 0,388 dan TLK p=0,605. Terdapat hubungan topografi dengan status gizi berdasarkan LLA p=0,016.Kesimpulan. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara derajat fungsi motorik kasar dan status gizi.
Assessing the infection burden and associated risk factors in children under 5 across Jaipurs urban slums: A feasibility study using a One Health approach
Authors: Manikam Dr Logan , Rutherford Spencer , Emes David , Cupp Meghan , Sharma Radhika , Sarkar Dr Kaushik , Aisyah Dr Dewi , Field Dr Samantha , Hayward Prof Andrew , Altamirano Dr Hector , Batura Dr Neha , Dasgupta Prof Rajib , Haklay Prof Muki , Nix Dr Emily , Christen Paula , Lakhanpaul Prof Monica
Published: June 2020

Purpose: Infectious diseases are one of the leading causes of death among children under five (U5s) across both India & globally. This is worse in slum environments with poor access to water, sanitation & hygiene (WASH), good nutrition & a safe built environment.

Globally, a One Health (e.g. human, animal & environment) approach is increasingly advocated by WHO, FAO & OIE to reduce infections & antimicrobial resistance. As U5s living in peri-urban slums are exposed to household and community owned companion & livestock animals and pests, the CHIP Consortium hypothesized that utilizing a One Health approach to co-produce behavior change & slum upgrading interventions may reduce this burden where other WASH & nutrition interventions have failed.

This study aimed to assess the feasibility of utilising a One Health approach to assess U5 infection & risk factor prevalence in Jaipurs urban slums prior to undertaking prospective cohort studies involving culture and culture independent sampling of U5s and animals across our study sites in Jaipur, Jakarta & Antofagasta.

Methods: We administered a Rapid Household Survey to 25 purposely selected households across six slums. The questionnaire evaluated infection prevalence, health seeking behaviors, the built environment, presence of animals & pests, and individual to household-level demographics. Associations were calculated using correlations among continuous variables to show strength of significance between continuous variables.

Results: We found a high incidence of infections in children under five at 40%. This was most significantly correlated with accessibility of sanitary toilets (r = .62) and household expenditure. Vaccination coverage and child characteristics (such as size) were minimally correlated, while the presence of animals (pets or pests) was not correlated; the latter was likely due to the design of the survey.

Conclusion: This study found a higher infection prevalence than previous studies. We also found higher correlations with infection incidence among household-level characteristics, indicating that effective interventions need to address both the built and socio-economic environments. A pilot prospective cohort study, which includes researcher observations for the presence of animals to account for inconsistencies in the survey, is now underway.
Virtual reality: aplikasi teknologi untuk peningkatan kunjungan wisatawan
Authors: Hartini Sri , Anglelyn Cathleya , Sukaris Sukaris
Published: June 2020

The development of Indonesia's tourist destinations when supported by technological advances. With a destination, technology can be known and visited. One influence of technology is a virtual reality in the context of destinations. Virtual reality is a technology that allows users to interact with the environment in a virtual world that is simulated by a computer, so users feel they are in that environment. Focus on consumer behavior in choosing tourist destinations associated with virtual reality. Specifically, the research objective is to determine the effect of presence in virtual reality, on perceived enjoyment, attitude toward Virtual reality, and intention to visit destinations. The study population was tourists in East Java, with a purposive sampling method. Samples were asked to play virtual reality in destinations that had never been visited, then they answered questionnaires related to their experiences using virtual reality. The analysis tool uses SEM-PLS. The results show five proposed hypotheses, four hypotheses were accepted and one hypothesis was rejected. Presence influences perceive enjoyment, but presence does not affect attitudes toward virtual reality. Perceive enjoyment influences attitudes toward virtual reality and intention to visit tourist destinations. Attitudes toward virtual reality affect the intention to visit tourist attractions
Visual learning methods: strategy for mitigating unethical decisions in accounting education
Authors: Alinsari Natasia , Utami Intiyas , Marwata Marwata
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study is to examine the causality between obedience pressures and unethical decisions making and whether the causality can be mitigated by visual-based ethics learning methods. This study employs 2x2 between subjects factorial experiment methods with 114 participants from undergraduate students in accounting. The result of this study shows that there is a causal relationship between obedience pressures and unethical decisions making and that visual-based learning methods have encouraged subjects to make more ethical decisions. In addition, this study also finds that the most ethical decision outcomes are generated by the subjects who are under high obedience pressures and receive visual-based ethics learning methods.
The role of auditor opinion in moderating the effect of financial distress on auditor switching in the infrastructure, utility, and transportation sub-sectors
Authors: Prihandoko Dedi Heru , Supriyati Supriyati
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of company growth and financial distress on auditor switching with going concern audit opinion as a moderating variable. The data used in this research are secondary data obtained from Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample used in this study is 25 infrastructure, utilities and transportation companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX). The study period is 5 years (2013-2017). Sampling in this study is conducted using purposive sampling method. The analysis techniques used are descriptive analysis, logistic regression, and moderated regression analysis. The dependent variable used is auditor switching, while the independent variables are company growth and financial distress, with going concernÂ  audit opinion as the moderating variable.Â  The results show that company growth has no effect on auditor switching, financial distress has an effect on Auditor switching, going concern audit opinion has no affect and cannot moderate the effect of company growth on auditor switching, going concern audit opinion has an effect but cannot moderate the effect of financial distress on auditor switching.
Capital aspects and share ownership towards banking financial performance in ASEAN member countries
Authors: Usman Mohammad Nadjib
Published: June 2020

This research was conducted to examine the effect of capital structure and ownership structure on profitability in the banking sector in Indonesia and the Philippines in 2013-2017. It used the population from conventional commercial banks listed on the Stock Exchange in Indonesia and the Philippines. The data were analyzed using statistical analysis with a structural model. Hypothesis testing results show that the capital structure (DER, CAR, and LDR) affects the banksâ€™ profitability in Indonesia. The ownership structure (managerial ownership and institutional ownership) has a significant positive effect on the banksâ€™ profitability also in Indonesia. However, the capital structure (DER, CAR, and LDR) has no effect on the banksâ€™ profitability in the Philippines. And neither has thee capital structure (DER, CAR, and LDR) no effect on the banksâ€™ profitability both in Indonesia and in the Philippines. The ownership structure (managerial ownership and institutional ownership) has a significant positive effect on the banksâ€™ profitability of banks both in Indonesia and in the Philippines
THE INFLUENCE OF DA’I PERSONALITY AND DA’WAH BIL HAL TOWARDS SPIRITUAL MOTIVATION OF MAD’U
Authors: Farmawati Cintami
Published: June 2020

A da'i must have a good personality when entering the field of da'wah so as to move or spur the mad'u to arise awareness in performing charity and that the goal of da'wah can be achieved. This study aims to explain effect of da’i personality and da'wah bil-hal towards spiritual motivation of mad’u. Its population is all mad'u and da'i in Boarding School of Bahrul Ulum of Pemalang Regency. The sample in this study is 77 mad'u which is divided into 35 people (45,5%) women and 42 people (54,5%) men. As for the entire population of da'i is used as a sample, which is 4 da'i. Sampling technique used is nonprobability sampling. The measuring tools used are personality scale, bil-hal da'wah scale, and spiritual motivation scale in the form of Likert. The data analysis used is Multiple Regression Analysis at 0.05 significance level. The results showed that there was a significant effect of da’i personality and da’wah bil-hal towards spiritual motivation of mad’u. The variables that show the most dominant positive tendencies and significantly influence the spiritual motivation of mad'u are the personality of extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, religious, education, organization and social.
ISLAMIC PERSPECTIVE ON THE STREET LEVEL BUREAUCRATICS DILEMMA: DISCRETION VERSUS CORRUPTION IN PUBLIC SERVICE MANAGEMENT
Authors: Prasetyanti Retnayu , Faedlulloh Dodi
Published: June 2020

Positions and authorities have become a commodity which always contested by humans. In fact, authority is an amanah to carry out the responsibility to serving the people. Nowadays, discretion has enhanced the role of Street Level Bureaucracy in the policy arena by authorizing a certain political power from the “top” to the “bottom”. By the emergence of governance era, discretionary power of street level bureaucracy was formerly designed as a means of public service innovation to transform red tape based public service delivery into social equity based public service management. Yet, in contrast to the objective of public service innovation, discretionary power is frequently misused by irresponsible actors in bureaucracy to legalize street level corruption which has triggered massive social distrust towards bureaucracy. Whereas Islam has clearly prohibited corruption as in Qur'an surah Al-Baqarah verse 188. By conducting literature study and theoretical analysis, this qualitative research highlights the urgency of discretion to uphold innovation in public service management with the spirit of sincerity and religiosity. As a conclusion, in the era of open government, socio-political control on discretion must be enhanced by establishing clear mechanism, high awareness, and good religiosity to guide the core role of street level bureaucrats as socio-professional worker.
SHARING OF RISK PADA ASURANSI SYARIAH (TAKAFUL): PEMAHAMAN KONSEP DAN MEKANISME KERJA
Authors: Agusti Netta
Published: June 2020

This paper aims to see how the concept and mechanism of sharing of risk on Takaful Insurance. Secondary data has been used such as books and journals of Takaful, daily news, and insurance policies. As an alternative form of conventional insurance-based insurance, Takaful is able to neutralize the contradictions of existing concepts in conventional insurance, so it is acceptable and not contrary to existing sharia principles. This study explains uncertainty that occurs in the future towards the soul as well as the asset requires people to be more alert about the risks that may arise. The need for it makes insurance a financial necessity in the context of minimizing possible risks. The risk that befell the participants of the insurance, not only borne by the company alone, but by all participants Takaful Insurance, this becomes one of the differentiator between Takaful with the conventional insurance.
SEMANTIC REINTERPRETATION OF THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD’S OBLIGATORY PROPERTIES FOR DA’WAH ADVANCEMENT IN THE INTER-RELIGIOUS CONTEXT
Authors: Maulana Abdullah Muslich Rizal
Published: June 2020

A further improvement is necessary for the advancement of da’wah in the context of interreligious communities. Regarding the growing of this demand Muslim should evaluate their da’wah method. This paper will attempt to reformulate the method of da’wah based on semantic analysis toward the four obligatory properties of Prophet Muhammad siddiq, amanah, tabligh, and fatanah. Research question here is how we should redefine the obligatory properties of Prophet Muhammad via semantic theoretical framework for the advancement of da’wah in the interreligious context.  To achieve this goal, I will put several sub-chapters to discuss the semantic theoretical framework, namely: the relationship with the Islamic worldview, the elaboration of the compulsory nature of the Prophet Muhammad through the semantic theoretical framework, and then end by overcoming the analysis with a new form of da’wah that anticipates the interfaith context late in inter-commitment from the Islamic truth. This paper concludes that redefining the obligatory properties of Prophet Muhammad via semantic theoretical framework derives the inter-commitment of the Islamic truth as the theological foundation of da’wah in the late interreligious context. It entails the deeper reflection of siddiq, amanah, tabligh, and fatanah the direction of intensifying the competence of da’i regarding the advancement of da’wah in the recent interreligious context.
PERAN KANTOR KEMENTERIAN AGAMA KABUPATEN BANYUWANGI DALAM REVITALISASI MANAJEMEN MASJID DI WILAYAH BANYUWANGI
Authors: Hentika Niko Pahlevi , Wahyudiono Andhika
Published: June 2020

Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah kondisi masjid yang hanya berfungsi sebagai tempat shalat. Padahal fungsi ideal masjid lebih luas dari sekedar tempat shalat saja. Di sisi lain peran stakeholder dalam memperbaiki masjid belum dapat merubah kondisi masjid. Oleh karena itu, perlu diteliti dan dilihat lebih jauh bagaimana peran stakehoder dalam memperbaiki manajemen masjid. Maka dipilih rumusan masalah penelitian, bagaimanakah peran Kantor Kementerian Agama Kabupaten Banyuwangi dalam memperbaiki manajemen masjid dan bagaimanakah hubungan diantara keduanya. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis secara mendalam peran kantor Kementerian Agama Kabupaten Banyuwangi dalam revitalisasi manajemen masjid di wilayah Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Kantor Kementerian Agama Banyuwangi berperan pada revitalisasi manajemen masjid di wilayah Banyuwangi melalui tiga aspek yaitu idarah (organisasi masjid), imarah, dan ri’ayah.