bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictive effect of social support on posttraumatic growth of medical students in China
Authors: Ma Zhaojie , Xu Tingting , Ma Chunhai , Li Duwu , Zheng Dewei , Sun Xiaoyang
Published: October 2024

This study explored sense of life meaning and psychological resilience as potential mechanisms underlying the predictive effect of perceived social support on posttraumatic growth in medical students in the postpandemic era. Our sample comprised 711 Chinese medical students who completed
online questionnaires. We found that sense of life meaning and psychological resilience were positively correlated with posttraumatic growth. In addition, perceived social support was positively correlated with sense of life meaning and psychological resilience. After controlling for demographic
covariates, the results indicated that perceived social support predicted the posttraumatic growth of medical students directly and indirectly through sense of life meaning and psychological resilience as individual and chain mediators. The findings provide insights for medical universities
to address the mental health challenges persisting among medical students in the postpandemic era.
How and when artificial intelligence usage facilitates task performance
Authors: Su Fangguo , Liu Wenhao , Xiong Kehan , Zeng Qi
Published: October 2024

This study investigated how the increasing usage of artificial intelligence (AI) in diverse business applications has affected task performance. Building on the job demands–resources model, we employed moderated mediation modeling to investigate the association between AI usage
and the task performance of delivery drivers. Participants comprised 251 delivery drivers who completed online surveys over a 1-month period. Hierarchical regression analysis revealed that work engagement played a mediating role in the association between AI usage and the task performance
of delivery drivers. Moreover, the mediating role of work engagement was moderated by an individual's concept of their future work self. When an individual had a stronger sense of their future work self, the mediating role of work engagement became more pronounced. This study has introduced
a new mediating mechanism linking artificial intelligence with employee performance and has identified boundary conditions that increase its beneficial impact on employee performance, thus contributing theoretically to the extant literatures. The study findings can help companies improve employee
engagement and performance.
Entrepreneurship education and college students' entrepreneurial intention: Mediating role of creativity
Authors: Chen Puqing
Published: October 2024

I investigated the connection between entrepreneurship education and the entrepreneurial intention of college students, while also examining the role of student creativity as mediator of this relationship. I used a quantitative research method and structural equation modeling to gain
a deeper understanding of the interplay among the variables. The sample for this study consisted of 423 university students from Shanxi, China, who completed a paper-based survey. The findings indicated that entrepreneurship education was positively related to student creativity, which, in
turn, had a positive connection with entrepreneurial intention. Additionally, student creativity served as a mediator of the relationship between entrepreneurship education and entrepreneurial intention. Contrary to my initial hypothesis, no significant association was observed between entrepreneurship
education and students' entrepreneurial intention. The study sheds light on the complex process by which entrepreneurship education affects entrepreneurial intention. Educators should enhance entrepreneurship education, focusing on nurturing creativity to facilitate college students' entrepreneurial
intentions.
ABANDONO DE LA LACTANCIA MATERNA EXCLUSIVA EN MADRES INMIGRANTES RESIDENTES EN TALCA
Authors: Briones Lorca María del Carmen , Muñoz-G Ninoska , Cancino-G. Constanza , Suárez-H. Vania , Contreras-R. Marcela
Published: October 2024

Objetivo principal: conocer las dimensiones relacionadas con el abandono de la lactancia materna exclusiva (LME) antes de los seis meses de vida del lactante.
Método: estudio cualitativo, con enfoque teórico metodológico orientado desde la perspectiva del interaccionismo simbólico que aplica entrevistas en profundidad semiestructuradas, con una muestra de casos-tipos, a diez usuarias inmigrantes que residen en la Región del Maule que suspendieron la LME antes de los seis meses de vida de su recién nacido. Para la triangulación de datos se incorporó la visión de tres matronas, una nutricionista y una enfermera que trabajan actualmente en Centros de Salud Familiar Municipal (CESFAM) de la comuna de Talca, Chile. Criterios para selección de la muestra: generales (personas capaces de entregar una respuesta cognitiva, evaluativa y conductual) y específicos. Análisis de contenido con herramientas de la teoría fundamentada. La confiabilidad se resguardó con la saturación empírica y la triangulación por investigador. Aprobación por el Comité de Ética científica de la Universidad de Talca N°042023.
Principales resultados: las dimensiones relacionadas al abandono de la LME en inmigrantes fueron: cultura de lactancia, historia de lactancia y trabajo. Las entrevistadas perciben la atención de salud en Chile como empática, positiva y atenta.
Conclusiones: el trabajo es el principal motivo relacionado al abandono de la LME, la inestabilidad laboral y la necesidad de permanecer económicamente activa impacta negativamente el proceso de amamantamiento.
Three Types of Uncertainty: A Qualitative Study of Family Medicine Residents
Authors: Purkl Laura , Hierasimowicz Konrad , Donner­-Banzhoff Norbert
Published: October 2024

Background and Objectives: Many past studies have focused on uncertainty in medical practice, yet it is still not well understood in the field of family medicine, especially among residents. The aim of this study was to examine situations in which residents experience uncertainty and the coping strategies they use to deal with it. The results may have implications for advanced training programs and the specialist training in family medicine.
Methods: We conducted semistandardized interviews with 15 residents and young family doctors from Hesse, Germany and asked them to describe cases in which they experienced uncertainty. In total, 40 cases were reported. Using established methods, we derived a coding system with different categories.
Results: Uncertainty occurred in a broad and heterogenous range of cases, and it often involved complex interaction of biomedical, interpersonal, and psychosocial factors. The participants described various strategies that were helpful in dealing with the three different types of uncertainty. To deal with biomedical uncertainty, the residents primarily found information-seeking and consulting more experienced colleagues to be useful. In dealing with interpersonal and psychosocial uncertainty, they applied reflective strategies. Participants suggested open communication and honest dialogue about uncertainty and the thematization of the topic at much earlier stages (eg, during medical studies).
Conclusions: Family medicine residents experience uncertainty as an important part of their daily work. They do not necessarily interpret it as a negative phenomenon. Instead, uncertain situations often accompany learning effectiveness and an increase of self-confidence.
Does corporate governance influence firm performance?
Authors: Vieira Elisabete , Madaleno Mara
Published: October 2024

This study sheds some light on the function of CG and adds to the continuing discussion over the impact of CG attributes on business performance. Analyzing other CG dimensions, as well as understanding if the effects of CG on firm performance are linear or not can be beneficial to firms, society, and CG institutions.
The moderating effect of female directors in the relationship between board characteristics and board remuneration
Authors: Bel Oms Inmaculada , Grau Grau Alfredo Juan
Published: October 2024

This study aims to analyze the influence of European sustainable companies’ board of directors (BoD) characteristics on directors’ remuneration, focusing on female directors’ supervisory role.This study provides international evidence of how board remuneration can be mitigated by some corporate governance mechanisms, such as board independence when moderated by board gender diversity.
Facile Synthesis of PANI-NiS2 Binary Nanocomposites for Asymmetric Supercapacitor
Authors: Sharma Sakshi , Grover Sonia , Kadyan Pooja , Sharma Kirti , Sharma Raj Kishore , Kumar Naveen
Published: October 2024

This paper presents the synthesis and electrochemical evaluation of
nickel sulfide (NiS 2) nanosheet encapsulated
polyaniline (PANI) nanofiber nanocomposites. These nanocomposites,
synthesized via chemical reflux at 70℃ in varying NiS 2
to PANI mass ratios (1:1, 1:2, 1:3), are designated as NiP1, NiP2, and
NiP3. X-ray diffraction (XRD) data reveals the greater crystallite size
of NiP2 which further leads to higher surface area. Scanning electron
microscopy (SEM) analysis shows that NiP2 is more porous due to well
assembled morphology of NiS 2 nanosheets over PANI
nanofibers. Among the composites, the NiP2 variant demonstrates superior
electrochemical performance, achieving a specific capacitance of 217.88
F g -1 at a current density of 1 A g
-1 in a 2M KOH electrolyte. Further enhancing the
energy density of supercapacitors for advanced applications, the
structure-modulated NiP2 (positive potential electrode) is integrated
with functionalized carbon nanotubes (f-CNT) as the negative potential
material, extending the voltage window from 0.65 to 1.4V. The
NiP2//f-CNT supercapacitor displays an energy density of 16 Wh kg
-1 at a power density of 1318.53 W kg
-1, maintaining 90.7% of its initial capacitance
after 5000 charge-discharge cycles. These findings highlight the
transformative potential of NiS 2/PANI nanocomposites,
leveraging the synergistic effects between NiS 2 and
PANI to significantly enhance ion transport and charge storage
capabilities, thus providing a viable solution to the shortcomings of
conventional supercapacitor electrodes.
Graf Sinir Ağları ile İlişkisel Türkçe Metin Sınıflandırma
Authors: Okur Halil İbrahim , Tohma Kadir , Sertbaş Ahmet
Published: October 2024

Türkçe metin sınıflandırması ve ilişkisel analiz, dilin karmaşık yapısını anlamada ve doğal dil işleme süreçlerini geliştirmede kritik bir rol oynar. Bu çalışma, Türkçe metinlerin sınıflandırılması ve aralarındaki ilişkilerin derinlemesine analiz edilmesine odaklanmaktadır. Çalışmanın amacı, Türkçe'nin zengin morfolojik yapısını ve metinler arası ilişkileri etkin bir şekilde ele alarak, bu yapıyı yansıtan ileri düzey bir sınıflandırma modeli geliştirmektir. TRT-Haber web sayfasından elde edilen veri kümesi üzerinde graf tabanlı derin öğrenme teknikleri kullanılarak, yüksek performanslı bir model oluşturulmuştur. Metinlerin semantik vektör gösterimleri için BERT (BertTurk) modeli kullanılmış ve metinler arası ilişkileri gösteren kenar komşuluk matrisleri ile birleştirilmiştir. Bu veriler, graf sinir ağı (GNN) tabanlı sınıflandırma modeline beslenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, GNN modelinin %97.93 doğruluk oranı ile metinleri sınıflandırabildiğini ve ilişkisel yapıları başarıyla çözümleyebildiğini göstermektedir. Bu bulgular, metin sınıflandırması ve ilişkisel analizde graf tabanlı yaklaşımların etkinliğini ve potansiyelini ortaya koyarak, Türkçe metinlerin daha iyi anlaşılmasını ve işlenmesini sağlayacak yenilikçi yöntemlerin geliştirilmesine katkı sağlamaktadır.
Impact of Ad Blockers on Computer Power Consumption while Web Browsing: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Khan Khan Awais , Iqbal Mohammad Tariq , Jamil Mohsin
Published: October 2024

This study explores the impact of various ad blockers on power consumption during web browsing, focusing on different types of online content. By analyzing power use across ten popular websites, the study assesses the performance of five widely utilized ad blockers: AdBlock, AdBlock Plus, uBlock, uBlock Origin, and uBlock Origin Lite. Power consumption was measured under controlled conditions, comparing scenarios with and without ad blockers to gain insight into their efficiency. The findings indicate substantial differences in power savings, with some ad blockers significantly reducing power usage, particularly on media-heavy sites, while others unexpectedly increased consumption under certain conditions. The study underscores the potential of ad blockers to enhance power efficiency in digital environments, highlighting the importance of optimizing ad-blocking techniques to reduce the environmental impact of online activities. Through comprehensive analysis and comparison, this research offers insights into selecting effective ad blockers to minimize power consumption, promoting more sustainable web browsing practices.
Types of positive post-criminal behavior encouraged by the rules of parts 2, 4 of article 62 of the criminal code of the Russian Federation
Authors: Boyarskaya A.V.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The object of consideration in this article is positive post-criminal behavior and its legal nature. As a subject of consideration, options for post-criminal behavior are taken, encouraged through the application of the norms of parts 2 and 4 Article 62 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. Target. The purpose of the article is to study post-criminal behavior from interdisciplinary positions, combining the provisions of the norms of both criminal and criminal procedural law. Methodology. The declared object and subject of research are considered by the author using the method of analysis, synthesis, formal-legal, system-structural and comparative-legal methods of scientific knowledge. Results. The paper reveals the legal nature of post-criminal behavior, substantiates the thesis of its interdisciplinary nature. Also, by combining the provisions of parts 2, 4 Article 62 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and Chapter 40.1 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation, the author identifies types of post-criminal behavior that are not directly provided for by the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, but are established through a systematic interpretation of the norms of the criminal law, together with the provisions of Chapter 40.1 Code of Criminal Procedure. Conclusion. The goal set in the work was achieved, the author considered and disclosed the problems of the legal nature and types of post-criminal behavior encouraged by the provisions of Parts 2, 4 Article 62 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The results obtained can be used to further study the phenomenon of post-criminal behavior of a person who has committed a crime from the point of view of combining the provisions of the branches of criminal and criminal procedural law.
Protection of the image of a citizen under the development of digital reality
Authors: Yuryeva L.A. , Gorbul Yu.A.
Published: October 2024

Currently, images of citizens are widely used in the global information and telecommunications network “Internet”. The accessibility and simplicity of their placement create conditions for the misuse of a citizen's image in the digital space, which can lead to a violation of the rights not only of the person whose appearance is fixed in the image, but also of the person who created such an image with his creative work. Goal. The purpose of this study is to analyze the provisions of the civil legislation of the Russian Federation, law enforcement practice, doctrinal sources devoted to the protection of the image of a citizen, in order to develop a system of measures aimed at optimizing the protection of a citizen's right to an image illegally published and used on the Internet. Methodology. The methodological basis for the study of the legal regime of the image of a citizen are general scientific methods of analysis and generalization of normative and empirical materials, private scientific methods - system-structural, formal-logical, method of legal forecasting and modeling. Results. The article examines the concept, content and legal nature of a citizen's right to an image, determines its place in the system of objects of civil rights. The article substantiates the position on the duality of essence of the citizen's right to an image, which on the one hand is a personal non-property right arising from an intangible good - the external appearance of a citizen, on the other - may represent a set of personal non-property and property rights arising in connection with the creation of the result of intellectual activity by fixing the external appearance of a citizen. Conclusion. The conducted research allowed the authors to discover several shortcomings in legal regulation that hinder the effective implementation of the protective function of law in the field under study. Proposals and recommendations aimed at optimizing the protection of a citizen's subjective right to an image were developed. The article substantiates the preference for a written form of consent to the publication and use of a citizen's image on the Internet, as well as the need to specify the content of such consent. A proposal has been formulated to adjust the legally defined list of circumstances in which it is not required to obtain the consent of a citizen to use his image, by excluding from it the situation when a citizen was paid for being photographed. It is proposed to supplement the circle of persons authorized by the law to consent to the use of the image of a deceased citizen with certain categories of close relatives.
Procedural and judicial procedural legal mechanism for protection of labor rights in the Russian Federation
Authors: Chucha S.Yu.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. In the article, the protection of labor rights is considered as fundamental categorie of legal science. The most appropriate labor-legal procedural legal mechanism is proposed. Purpose. Develop a concept for the protection of the labor rights of subjects in modern conditions of differentiation of the labor sphere, the introduction of new forms of employment and organization of labor using digital and online technologies. Methodology. Methods of analysis, synthesis, formal-legal, comparative-historical and comparative-legal, method of interpretation of legal acts are used. Results. Based on the study of the regulatory framework and the works of lawyers, it was concluded that labor protection form independent institution of the branch of labor law, which in itself is law enforcement and human rights. The judicial procedure for the protection of labor rights is established only for individual labor disputes on the application of existing legal norms (disputes about the law). For collective labor disputes, which are disputes on the establishment of new working conditions (disputes of interest), the legislation provides for an exclusively out-of-court settlement procedure. Differentiation of the legal regulation of labor relations is fully characteristic of the protection of labor rights. The sectoral system of protection of labor rights created in Russia is procedural and Judicial procedural which was noted by Professor V.N. Skobelkin, whose theory of the plurality of labor relations allows the withdrawal of procedural and Judicial procedural norms and the formation of a new branch of them - labor procedural law. Conclusion. The growth in the number of norms of labor law and employment law and their deep differentiation allows in modern conditions to return to the discussion about the formation of an independent branch of labor procedural law.
Transitional constructions in simplified procedures and their judgements
Authors: Boyarskaya A.V. , Konstantinova V.A.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The article continues the discussion about transitional structures in simplified procedures and their implementation in court decisions. The object of consideration in this case is a special procedure for making a court decision with the consent of the accused with the charge brought against him, provided for in Ch. 32.1 Code of Criminal Procedure. This procedure is characterized by a complex structure of the criminal procedural forms that form them. Purpose. The purpose of the article is to study the subject in the form of "transitional structures" that ensure the transition within the framework of one criminal procedural proceeding from a procedure with one characteristic to another. The thesis is formulated that such constructions are a relatively independent, specialized complex of criminal procedural forms and their corresponding procedural decisions. Transitional constructions of interrelated procedures should be of a uniform nature, built according to general rules. Methodology. The declared object and subject of research are considered by the authors using the method of analysis and synthesis, formal legal, systemic structural and comparative legal methods of scientific knowledge. Results. The paper reveals the legal nature of the criminal procedure procedure provided for by Chapter 32.1 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation. The general characteristics of transitional structures inherent in the analyzed production are identified and considered: tasks; subjects initiating and authorizing a change in the procedural form; procedural documents formalizing the initiation and authorization of the transition from the general procedure for criminal proceedings to a differentiated one and vice versa or to another differentiated procedure; judgments framing the relevant transition. Proposals for improving legislation are formulated. Conclusion. The goal set in the work was achieved, for the first time the problems of transitional structures in simplified production were identified and considered. The results obtained can be used for further research into the phenomenon of differentiation of criminal proceedings from the pointof view of combining criminal procedural forms of different characteristics and their corresponding procedural decisions.
Business activities in the heat supply field: prospects and risks
Authors: Nevzgodina E.L. , Makarova L.A.
Published: October 2024

The heat supply sector of the Russian Federation has transitioned from state regulation to the alternative boiler house model. According to developers, this transition should contribute to the liberalization of the thermal power market, attract crucial investments in the industry, and become the foundation for active business. The Energy Strategy up to 2035 lays down a clear trend towards developing competition and forming efficient heat supply markets. However, the extent to which the theory corresponds to practice can only be understood by considering economic, legal, and social risks directly related to legal regulation methods in this industry. The paper provides a legal analysis of key aspects of business activities in the heat supply industry: independence, property liability, and the possibility of systematic profits. We make proposals on the legal regulation of this industry to assess promising and risky models. Purpose. Complete a legal analysis of business principles applied to the socially-significant reformed industry of heat supply to determine development models for heat supply markets which maintain a balance between the interests of suppliers and consumers. Methodology. Our objective can be achieved through general and field-specific scientific research methods: dialectical, formal-logical, systemic-structural, technical-legal, scientific, and historical analysis. Results. Our analysis shows that business independence is directly related to the specifics of the heat supply industry, where various relationships can be built both within the traditional natural monopoly and in the conditions of liberalization and competition. The paper shows that the thermal power transmission and distribution market functions better in a natural monopoly, while the thermal power generation and supply market thrives more in a competitive environment. At the same time, the development of a national system of benefits, preferences, and compensations will improve the business climate, stimulate cost reduction, and improve return on investments. Conclusion. The heat supply market in the Russian Federation, is characterized by complexity and technical risks, but also high social responsibility. Therefore, heat supply should not exclude the participation of a public entity (the state), either in the legal regulation of the participants' action, as a financial guarantor for investors to support business activities, or in the development of an effective mechanism for the legal regulation of competition in individual markets.
Features of the legal regulation of labor relations in the notary
Authors: Chucha S.Yu.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The article discusses the features of labor relations in the notary office. The labor law mechanism corresponding to the modern stage of the notary's development is analyzed. Purpose. To determine the specifics of labor relations in the notary office and propose appropriate directions for improving the current labor legislation and the practice of its application. Methodology. The methods of analysis, synthesis, formal-legal, comparative-historical and comparative-legal, the method of interpretation of legal acts are used. Results. Based on the study of the regulatory framework, the practice of applying legislation and scientific research in the field of the theory of labor relations, the conclusion is substantiated that the dualism of the labor-legal status of a notary, due to the legal organization of the notary, is clearly expressed in the static form of legal norms and does not pass in practice into the dynamic form of legal relations. Updating the legislation on the notary, in the absence of the actual operation of the norms on the state form of organization of the notary, will eventually entail their exclusion from the legislation and, thus, eliminate this dualism, preserving for notaries in labor relations exclusively the employer's labor law status. Conclusion. The legal status of the Russian notary as an employer, conditioned by two groups of intersectoral norms (general and special), will continue to improve in the direction of achieving the best balance of interests of the notary as an employer, his employees and the state.
Other (non-insurance) periods' impact on the formation of the insured person's pension rights
Authors: Kurchenko O.S.
Published: October 2024

Within the framework of the pension formula introduced on January 1, 2015, a pension coefficient (the number of “points”) of a fixed value is established for most non-insured periods which are counted in the insurance period and do not involve payment of insurance contributions. In this regard, the question arises as to how legally justified such a legislative decision is. Purpose of this work is to evaluate the method proposed in the Federal Law “On Insurance Pensions” for accounting of non-insured periods in the formation of insured persons' pension rights for its compliance with the legal nature of such periods and the insurance principles of the pension system. Methodology. During the research, formal legal and comparative legal methods were used. Results. Using the example of two groups of non-insurance periods (periods associated with unjustified criminal prosecution of a person, as well as periods of service and exercise of the powers of a judge), it is shown that, firstly, the value of the pension coefficient for non-insurance periods, established by law in a fixed amount, does not in all cases correspond to the legal nature of some of these periods, and secondly, that the value of the coefficient in relation to some types of “other” periods may be individualized. Conclusion. The analysis of the legislation on compulsory pension insurance and available judicial acts proposed in the article can serve as a reason for further discussion of the current legal model of accounting for non-insured periods in the formation of citizens' pension rights, as well as directions for its improvement.
Prevention of crimes committed using official position
Authors: Kleimenov M.P. , Kleimenov I.M.
Published: October 2024

The problem of crimes committed using official position has a special drama. Indeed, persons who have been delegated many rights to address vital issues, including ensuring public safety and maintaining law and order (including the right to legitimate violence), often use these rights for selfish and other base interests. This causes public outrage and undermines the authority of the legitimate government. The purpose of this article is to determine the current directions of crime prevention in the field of official activity of employees of state and municipal bodies. The research methodology includes dialectical, comparative-historical sociological and formal-dogmatic methods. Results. The main directions of preventive activity in the field of official activity of employees of state and municipal bodies are: training of specialists in the field of state and municipal education only in law schools; termination of the practice of training lawyers in non-core universities; introduction of a ban on admission to the magistracy of law schools of persons who do not have a basic legal education; ensuring the legal force of moral standards of behavior of lawyers; directing efforts to solve the problem of identifying and eliminating dilettantism and legal nihilism in professional work; implementation of full-fledged criminological monitoring; creation of real mechanisms to strengthen legal science and practices; assessment of the authority of state and municipal employees on the part of the population. Conclusion. Prevention of crimes committed with the use of official position will remain a good wish if none of the proposed areas of preventive activity will be implemented.
Criminal law support demographic security of Russia
Authors: Seibol E.M. , Sopin I.O.
Published: October 2024

National security is primarily determined by the state of demographic security, which is understood as the state of protection of the population from extinction, ensuring the growth of the country's citizens by the state, which is especially important for the vast territory of the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts. The purpose of the article is to identify the main threats to demographic security in the fields of medicine and healthcare. The methodology of the article is based on the use of the dialectical method of cognition, induction, deduction, logical, comparative legal and predictive methods. Results. The main threats to the demographic security of Russia are artificial termination of pregnancy and the so-called fetal therapy closely related to it. Conclusion. The authors formulate three conclusions: supplement the disposition of Part one of Article 123 of the Criminal Code with the words “illegal”; to include in the Federal Law “On Biomedical Cell Products” a direct ban on the use for the development, production and use of biomedical cell products of biological material obtained by interrupting the process of human embryo or fetus development or disruption of such a process; consider establishing criminal liability for violation of such a prohibition.
International relations, the state and public organizations in the field of philately in the USSR in the first half of the 1920s
Authors: Yakub A. V.
Published: October 2024

The end of the Civil War in Russia and the subsequent severe socio-economic crisis of 1921-1922, aggravated by mass famine in a number of regions of Soviet Russia, turned philately into a very serious help in overcoming it. This was due to the fact that due to the prevailing market conditions in the foreign market of philatelic products, favorable opportunities opened up for replenishing food stocks in Soviet Russia due to the intensification of foreign trade in philatelic materials. As a result, philately in the first half of the 1920s. it turned out to be a kind of testing ground, where various versions of both the development of this sphere of individual and collective pastime, and the possibility of using its potential to solve a wide variety of tasks of foreign and domestic policy of the RSFSR / USSR were worked out. Literally within three years, three options for the development of Soviet philately were proposed, all of which, without exception, were related to international activities. As a result, by the turn of 1925 / 1926, three organizations were created, each of which performed certain functions, but at the same time were in close relationship both with the state and with each other. The organization of the Commissioner for Philately and Bonds, which replaced the earlier state structure - the Russian Bureau of Philately, represented exclusively state interests in the field of controlling the monopoly of foreign trade in philatelic materials and the foreign exchange of domestic and foreign philatelists among themselves. The Philatelic International, a legally independent international organization, but actually controlled by the state, was a quasi-public organization whose goal was not only to unite domestic and foreign ideological collectors, but also to use all methods and means of promoting the achievements of the young Soviet state abroad, increasingly becoming an instrument of the "soft power" of the Soviet state abroad. Finally, the All-Russian Society of Philatelists was a typical public association, the creation and activities of which were regulated by state and departmental resolutions and acts in force at that time, which, within the competence of its charter, was also involved in international relations, closely interacting with state philatelic organizations.
Pragmatic interaction between the Irkutsk oblast and the regions of the European Union: experience and realities
Authors: Oleinikov I. V.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of the study is to identify the features of interaction between the Irkutsk Oblast of the Russian Federation and the regions of the European Union states. On the basis of customs statistics, analysis of materials of regional mass media, analytical literature, the dynamics of cooperation at the subnational level is considered, macro-stages are identified. The influence of the processes of world politics on the international connections of the regions is analyzed. The activity of the governors of the Irkutsk Oblast - S.G. Levchenko and I.I. Kobzev on the European direction is highlighted. It is noted thatthe international activity of the regional government is becoming an element of the intraregional agenda and party struggle. It is concluded that the government and business of the Irkutsk Oblast saw international contacts with European partners as an additional image resource for the development of the region, and the European bureaucracy considered the possibility of implementing projects in a remote region of Siberia as a resource for increasing “normative efficiency”, spreading norms and values, expanding the sphere of influence. There is a negative impact of mutual sanctions policy, the dependence of regional authorities on the foreign economic policy of large vertically integrated holdings. The humanitarian vector of interaction between the Irkutsk Oblast and the regions of the European Union countries continues to be implemented, but without intensive development - the already established contacts through twin cities and university ties are mainly maintained.
At the origins of Omsk science:on the anniversary of the foundationof the Omsk military topographic department
Authors: Gefner O. V.
Published: October 2024

The article discusses the main milestones in the history of the Omsk military topographic department, the 155th anniversary of the founding of which is celebrated this year. The military topographic department, established in Omsk in 1867, was not only a military institution that made a significant contribution to the solution of military-strategic and imperial tasks, but also a major research center that played an important role in the development of Omsk science. The tasks of the department included assistance in the development of the little-explored territories of the empire, its Asian outskirts, their inclusion in the economic, administrative, cultural space of the country. Military geodesists and topographers who served in Omsk were highly qualified specialists, they carried out a whole range of geodetic and topographic works aimed at creating accurate maps of the region, developed their own methods, improved geodetic instruments, made a great contribution to the comprehensive study and development of Siberia and adjacent territories. Many military men were popularizers of science, were part of the local scientific community, and were engaged in educational work. Military surveyors, topographers formed the core of the scientific and technical intelligentsia of the city, contributed to the formation of geodetic education in Omsk. The disinterested service of many of them to science and society, patriotism, devotion to the profession can be a model, an example for the present generation of scientists.
About the international scientific conference “culture and interaction of peoples in museum, scientific and educational processes are the MOST important factors of stable development of the Eurasian countries”
Authors: Ilina A. A.
Published: October 2024

The information about the International Scientific Conference “Culture and interaction of peoples in museum, scientific and educational processes - the most important factors of stable development of the countries of Eurasia” is presented. The conference was held on September 21-22, 2021 in Omsk. The event was timed to the 80th anniversary of N.A. Tomilov, a Russian ethnographer, anthropologist, museologist, professor, Doctor of Historical Sciences. The conference considered the issues of history, culture and ethnocultural interaction of peoples, methodology and results of the study of folk culture, the multiplication and use of cultural and natural heritage, museology and museum processes in Eurasia, museological and local history research, museum work and museum marketing, the role of ethnographic and ecological tourism in the development of regions.The conference was held in an online format. Within the framework of the scientific forum, events dedicated to the 80th anniversary of Nikolai A. Tomilov were held. A significant event of the plenary session was the presentation of N.A. Tomilov's monography “60 years in the scientific community: humanitarian studies, Russian scientists and their environment (the second half of the 20th - first decades of the 21st century)”. Five sections worked at the conference: “Folk culture from antiquity to modernity: methods and results of research”, “History and culture of peoples: interdisciplinary approaches in modern humanities”, “Historiographical aspects of the study of ethnocultural history”,“Cultural and natural heritage as a factor and tool of intercultural interaction and attraction of tourists”, “Museology and Museum processes: history and current state”.
Public organizations in Nizhny Novgorod province in the second half of the 19th - early 20th century and their contribution to solving social problems
Authors: Tikhovodova A. V.
Published: October 2024

The purpose of this article is to highlight the activities of public organizations in Nizhny Novgorod and other major district centers in the second half of the 19th - early 20th century, to identify the main directions and results of their work. The article provides an overview of public organizations of Nizhny Novgorod province, creates a typology of public associations based on the orientation of their activities: charitable, medical, educational, professional, natural science, leisure, religious. Particularly detailed is the description of charity organizations that by the end of the 19th century had become the most mass and authoritative and showed themselves in different spheres of life. The social groups that receivedpublic support are shown. The goals, management structure, composition and sources of funds of the societies are examined on the basis of the sources. The reasons for the emergence of such a large number of voluntary associations in post-reform provincial Russia are revealed. The ways and character of interaction between civil society and provincial authorities are considered. It is shown, that especially demand for public support of the state arises in crisis periods of life of a province (bad harvest years, epidemics). The author dwells upon the results of the societies' activity and their role in the improvement of life of different layers of the population. The shortcomings of the functioning of the public organizations in the conditions of absolute monarchy are revealed. This allowed the author to evaluate their role in solving social problems and to identify controversial points of public activity. The author substantiates the thesis that public self-organization in the provinces was not inferior to St. Petersburg and Moscow.
M. E. Posnov (1873-1931): the main stages of scientific biography
Authors: Metel O. V.
Published: October 2024

The author of this article saw his task in reconstructing the scientific biography of M.E. Posnov (1873-1931), a well-known representative of Orthodox thought who studied the history of Ancient Israel and early Christianity. To solve this problem, the author analyzed the following sources: office documents characterizing the official activities of M.E. Posnov and deposited in the funds of the Holy Synod; materials of correspondence between M.E. Posnov and N.N. Glubokovsky, preserved in the fund of the latter in the Department of Manuscripts of the Russian National Library; letters, memoirs and diaries of his colleagues, acquaintances and relatives; scientific works of M.E. Posnov, published in Russian and Bulgarian. Based on these documents, the author identified two main stages in the scientific biography of M.E. Posnov: Kyiv and Bulgarian. During his work in Kyiv, the scientist's life proceeded quite predictably. He graduated from the Kyiv Theological Academy, defended his master's thesis, received chairs at the Kyiv Theological Academy and the University of St. Vladimir. At the same time, in his scientific search, he went from the study of Judaism to the reconstruction of Christian Gnosticism. This topic attracted his attention due to his acquaintance with the Protestant thought of the 19th century. In 1917, he defended his doctoral dissertation on the history of Gnosticism. However, some of M.E. Posnov's conclusions were critically evaluated by his colleagues, who questioned not only his scientific conclusions, but also the general methods of work. While working in Bulgaria, M.E. Posnov also found himself in the center of a major academic scandal that cost him a place at the Sofia Theological Academy and Sofia University. However, the conflicts that arose did not affect the scientist's scientific activity, and it was in Bulgaria that he completed his work on the history of the Christian Church, having studied its history from 30 to 1054. M.E. Posnov's works are distinguished by attention to sources, familiarity with the latest literature of the subject and the desire for scientific objectivity. At the same time, he always sought to combine secular historical research with a theological approach, revealing human and divine elements in the history of Ancient Israel and the Ancient Church.
Another horse engraving from the late Magdalenian site of Groitzsch near Eilenburg, district of North Saxony
Authors: Kraft I.
Published: October 2024

The Kapellenberg east of Groitzsch near Eilenburg has been known as a site from the late Magdalenian for over 70 years. In 1958, a small, engraved slab of slate was found from there, which showed a total of three figures of horses (two on front side, one on back side). A recent review of the artifacts excavated in 1958 “discovered” another horse engraving on a similarly sized, rectangular, flat stone slab (tuffite), which was not recognized at the time. The archaeologist at the time called the small stone slab a “sketch sheet” because he noticed scratched lines but did not recognize them as a depiction of a horse (in the publication of the excavations on the Kapellenberg, the stone was shown upside down, the horse's head is there below, see H. Hanitzsch 1972, Table 76, No. 4). In contrast to the well-known stone engraving with the three horses, the image that has now been discovered follows the usual canon of depictions of horses from the late Magdalenian period, as the horse has a typical standing mane and the usual beard. The strongly marked back line and the slightly weaker chest-belly line are clearly visible to the naked eye. Equally recognizable are the long, standing mane and the beard, which is roughly executed with six to seven strokes. The incised lines of the belly and the back are clearly visible in the broken edge of the small stone slab. Whether the entire horse was depicted on a larger tuffite slab at the time the horse was made is a difficult question to answer. The head and body of the newly discovered horse have a special look, the whole depicted body is elongated and narrow. This type of depiction is more common in Paleolithic depictions of horses in Central Germany. The relatively large number of horse depictions within the art mobilier in Central Germany reflects the intensive occupation of people at the end of the Ice Age with their primary hunting prey, the horse.
Cultural ties between Russia's Sverdlovsk region and the regions of Kazakhstan: Key aspects
Authors: Muratshina K. G.
Published: October 2024

This article examines the cultural exchanges between Russia's Sverdlovsk region and the regions of Kazakhstan. Interregional cooperation is an essential area of Russia - Kazakhstan relations at current stage. The author studies the legal basis of the cooperation and traces how the ties have been developing since 2015 (after the Eurasian Economic Union Treaty entry into force) up to 2020, including the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Sverdlovsk region is taken for the analysis as an example of a large industrial region of Russia, situated in the middle of the country, far from borders, but with well-developed infrastructure and connectivity, providing vast experience of external economic and cultural contacts. The following main areas of interregional cultural cooperation are defined: education ties (the most intensive cooperation), art exchanges, tourism, media contacts and youth policies. The research demonstrates that the key partners of Sverdlovsk region among the Kazakh counterparts are Kostanay region, Akmola region, North Kazakhstan region, Astana and Almaty. Regarding the structure of cooperation, the article displays the role of both state and non-state institutions in it. It is concluded that the structure and contents of the cooperation point out that its process is not somehow unilaterally imposed by the states, but is rather developed from within, due to the long cooperation experience and demand from Russian and Kazakh societies. The author argues that, taking into account the necessity of cultural cooperation for bilateral relationship, for integration processes and for mutual understanding, these interregional ties still should be improved in terms of structure diversification and widening their geographical scope.