bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Le fratricide à l’antique dans la tragédie post-thermidorienne. Chénier, Lemercier, Legouvé
Authors: Santis Vincenzo De , Perazzolo Paola
Published: November 2024

Le motif de la fraternité (naturelle, d’élection ou de combat) joue un rôle central dans l’art dramatique de la décennie révolutionnaire. De nombreux auteurs contribuent à élaborer son mythe tragique, dont ils parcourent le côté sublime ou, à l’envers, le côté ténébreux d’un caïnisme fondamental. Cette étude explore le thème du fratricide dans la tragédie post-thermidorienne, analysant comment les dramaturges de l’époque (Chénier, Lemercier, Legouvé) thématisent le contraste entre les liens familiaux et une libido dominandi éminemment politique. L’analyse se concentre sur des tragédies inspirées de différents sujets antiques pour dévoiler leurs apports esthétiques et leurs implications dans le contexte politique en mutation.
« Libre avec les autres » : autonomie et engagement de l’art dans la pensée d’Albert Camus
Authors: Sanseverino Giulio
Published: November 2024

À partir des œuvres d’Albert Camus, aussi bien romanesques que non-fictionnelles, l’article examine la relation entre esthétique et éthique de l’écriture littéraire, montrant que l’« équilibrisme tout individuel » de Camus naît de la tension entre un consentement au réel et le dépassement de celui-ci par l’œuvre créatrice de la fiction. Il ne s’agit pas de dénoncer les apories esthétiques du réalisme socialiste ou de soumettre la littérature aux exigences de l’engagement, compris comme instrument de témoignage et de solidarité sociale, mais de souligner la dialectique féconde entre autonomie et hétéronomie de l’art à partir de toute la différence entre un « homme révolté » (l’artiste) et un « révolutionnaire ».
Vivre et analyser la défaite : le général Gamelin face à la défaite de mai 1940 (1940-1945)
Authors: Catros Simon
Published: November 2024

Maurice Gamelin est demeuré dans la mémoire nationale comme le principal, sinon l’unique, responsable de la défaite militaire du printemps 1940. Aucune étude n’a cependant tenté une démarche compréhensive adossée aux abondantes archives personnelles et aux mémoires du général. L’exploitation de cette documentation permet de comprendre les ressorts évolutifs de l’analyse de la défaite par celui qui ne cessa jamais de s’interroger au sujet de ses causes. Le refus de remettre en cause le plan opérationnel qui était son œuvre ne prive pas ses analyses de tout intérêt pour l’historien qui interroge le regard des vaincus.
The Untold Story of the National Dimension of the Global Population Control Movement in the 1960s: The Case of Türkiye
Authors: Furtuna Serdar
Published: November 2024

This article deals with the transition of population policy in Turkey from pronatalism to antinatalism in the 1960s, within the scope of the global population control movement of the era. The key focus of the article is to explore the national conditionalities, such as military intervention, local security priorities, the economic turmoil, and the government’s incapability to cope with rapid migration, which forced the Turkish government to adopt antinatalist policies. In addition, the key local initiators of population control, and the public and political resistance to changing the country’s long-standing pronatalist stance are also covered in detail. The article asserts that the idea of population control, which was embedded in developmentalist and modernist discourses by hegemonic powers in the 1960s, was adopted by Türkiye and other Third World countries as long and as far as it was in line with the national interests of these countries.
S’adapter et survivre : les Tchécoslovaques, des partenaires subalternes face à l’effondrement de leur tutelle politico-militaire (1918-1940)
Authors: Lenormand Paul
Published: November 2024

Entre 1918 et 1940, les « Tchécoslovaques » sont confrontés à une série de défaites et de victoires tant politiques que militaires. Cependant, issus d’un territoire dépendant ou partenaires subalternes de grandes puissances, ‑ Autriche-Hongrie, France et Allemagne en tête ‑, ces acteurs ne vivent pas la défaite de la même manière que leurs tutelles : le sens même en est brouillé. En 1918, si la Tchécoslovaquie naissante apparaît nettement victorieuse, tous ses habitants – citoyens d’un État nouveau – ne prennent pas part à cette victoire, beaucoup ayant souffert des pertes et des sacrifices au service de l’Empire austro-hongrois. Bien qu’initialement soutenue par la France, la Tchécoslovaquie disparaît en 1938-1939, défaite diplomatique et politique qui conduit des milliers de volontaires à partir en exil. Ces acteurs reconstruisent une force militaire en France, combattent contre l’Allemagne en juin 1940, au point de risquer d’être emportés par la défaite française. Malgré le succès d’une évacuation vers la Grande-Bretagne, et la reconstitution d’unités militaires sous commandement britannique ou soviétique, perdre avec la France fut une expérience coûteuse en soldats laissés sur le continent. Cette survie dans la défaite provoqua également de graves tensions et des divisions durables, ainsi qu’une dégradation de la situation politique et morale dans les territoires occupés de Tchécoslovaquie. Cette perspective permet enfin d’approcher la défaite de façon décalée et sur le temps long du premier XXe siècle.
L’impensable évidence. L’idéologie nazie et le déni de la défaite dans la Wehrmacht sur le front de l’Ouest (fin 1944 ‑ début 1945)
Authors: Koenig Geoffrey
Published: November 2024

Au plus tard à l’été 1944, la guerre est perdue pour l’Allemagne nazie, cependant, les combats s’intensifient. En s’appuyant sur les sources militaires allemandes, cette contribution étudie la place de l’idéologie nationale-socialiste dans la campagne du front de l’Ouest. D’abord, les opérations militaires sur le front occidental, ou plutôt leurs représentations, ont contribué à la définition de la guerre raciale. De surcroît, des efforts considérables ont été déployés pour maintenir les hommes au combat, dont l’endoctrinement a constitué un levier essentiel. En réalité, le national-socialisme agit comme un « système de représentation », ce qui explique pourquoi la prise de conscience de la défaite imminente est intervenue tardivement pour de nombreux soldats.
D’Allemand à Français. Quand la défaite change la nationalité (Alsace-Lorraine, 1918 – années 1930)
Authors: Dröber Axel
Published: November 2024

La fin de la Grande Guerre débouche sur le retour de l’Alsace-Lorraine à la France dès novembre 1918, avec l’entrée des troupes françaises dans les deux provinces. Pour la population allemande, le changement de frontière provoque un basculement de son statut juridique, ses ressortissants sont désormais considérés comme des étrangers, ayant immigré sous le régime allemand. L’article étudie la notion de vaincus afin d’analyser la mise en place de catégories administratives par le nouvel État, destinées à classer les habitants en fonction de leur origine, mais aussi du degré d’assimilation avec la population française. La nationalité s’avère être un instrument efficace pour contrôler l’accès des Allemands à la citoyenneté. La naturalisation, stipulée par le traité de Versailles, est une procédure complexe et longue à travers laquelle s’exprime le désir de l’État d’examiner au cas par cas le profil et le passé des demandeurs. Ceux-ci voient leur retour à la vie de l’après-guerre suspendue aux décisions des autorités, variant au gré des injonctions du gouvernement à Paris, mais aussi de la perception des agents et de leur approche quant à la classification de la population locale.
The Rise of Micro-Credentials
Authors: Durak Gürhan , Cankaya Serkan
Published: November 2024

Micro-credentials focus on specific skills and competencies, enabling learners to acquire, demonstrate, and validate expertise in a shorter timeframe. Educational institutions, online platforms, and employers increasingly support these certifications, acknowledging their value for career development, workforce adaptability, and lifelong learning. They empower individuals to continuously update their knowledge and skill sets without the need for long-term study commitments, offering cost-effective, modular, and scalable education solutions. Despite their advantages, micro-credentials face challenges, including standardization, quality assurance, and recognition across countries. As educational institutions, employers, and policymakers work to address these barriers, the potential for micro-credentials to reshape education remains significant. Their rise reflects an era where flexible, skills-focused learning pathways are not only desirable but necessary for meeting the demands of a modern workforce and supporting lifelong personal and professional development.
Triggering Competitiveness From a Global Perspective
Authors: Hamutoglu Nazire Burcin , Aydemir Mesut , De Raffaele Clifford
Published: November 2024

MOOCs and micro-credentials make high-quality education accessible to people from all backgrounds, leveling the playing field and promoting equitable access to skills and knowledge. These concepts are closely tied to global competitiveness by enabling individuals and economies to rapidly adapt to evolving skill demands, access cutting-edge knowledge, and foster innovation. This chapter aims to incorporate both concepts considering the sections and intersections from a global perspective to shape the future of education and bridge the skills gap. When the term makes it more important than ever to be competitive in a global sense, the chapter emphasizes to be aware of the competencies that the institutions have. Designing the skill-oriented online course contents would be a motivation source within the concept of internationalization. The recommendations for the stakeholders given in the frameworks that triggered the quality assurance, internationalization, and global competitiveness.
Evaluating the understanding and implementation of Non-compliance with Laws and Regulations
Authors: Patterson Mari , Sahd Lize-Marie
Published: November 2024

Purpose: Recent examples of corporate misconduct have increased the responsibility of entities and the accounting profession to regain public trust. Adherence to laws and regulations supports good corporate citizenship and public trust in ethical cultures. The International Ethics Standards Board for Accountants (IESBA) formulated a framework for responses to ‘Non-compliance with Laws and Regulations’ (NOCLAR) in 2016. The objective of this study is twofold: (1) to determine the level of perceived understanding of NOCLAR among those charged with its implementation, and (2) to evaluate whether the requirements of NOCLAR are appropriately implemented.Design/methodology/approach: An empirical study was performed by distributing a survey to all South African professional accountants with registered e-mail addresses with the South African Institute of Chartered Accountants (SAICA).Findings/results: The findings indicate: (1) a strong perceived understanding and awareness of NOCLAR, but (2) that all requirements of NOCLAR are not adhered to. This indicates that while professional accountants in South Africa are aware of NOCLAR provisions, there are obstacles to its implementation and that its full value is not obtained in the drive to strengthen public trust.Practical implications: Member bodies of the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC) will have to consider practical solutions to ensure deeper understanding of the requirements of NOCLAR, monitoring its implementation and addressing implementation challenges.Originality/value: Limited research is available on the practical implementation of NOCLAR, and the study contributes to the narrative by evaluating both the understanding and implementation of NOCLAR as part of the drive to strengthen public trust.
The addition of 5-aminolevulinic acid to HBSS protects testis grafts during hypothermic transportation: a novel preservation strategy
Authors: Ma Meng-Hui , Chen Pei-Gen , He Jun-Xian , Chen Hai-Cheng , Xu Zhen-Han , Lv Lin-Yan , Li Yan-Qing , Liang Xiao-Yan , Liu Gui-Hua
Published: November 2024

The aim of this investigation was to determine the optimal storage medium for testicular hypothermic transportation and identify the ideal concentration for the application of the protective agent 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA). Furthermore, this study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism of the protective effects of 5-ALA. First, we collected and stored mouse testicular fragments in different media, including Hank’s balanced salt solution (HBSS; n = 5), Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium/Nutrient Mixture F-12 (DMEM/F12; n = 5), and alpha-minimum essential medium (αMEM; n = 5). Storage of testicular tissue in HBSS preserved the integrity of testicular morphology better than that in the DMEM/F12 group (P < 0.05) and the αMEM group (P < 0.01). Testicular fragments were subsequently placed in HBSS with various concentrations of 5-ALA (0 [control], 1 mmol l−1, 2 mmol l−1, and 5 mmol l−1) to determine the most effective concentration of 5-ALA. The 2 mmol l−1 5-ALA group (n = 3) presented the highest positive rate of spermatogonial stem cells compared with those in the control, 1 mmol l−1, and 5 mmol l−1 5-ALA groups. Finally, the tissue fragments were preserved in HBSS with control (n = 3) and 2 mmol l−1 5-ALA (n = 3) under low-temperature conditions. A comparative analysis was performed against fresh testes (n = 3) to elucidate the underlying mechanism of 5-ALA. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) for WikiPathways revealed that the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway was downregulated in the 2 mmol l−1 5-ALA group compared with that in the control group (normalized enrichment score [NES] = −1.57, false discovery rate [FDR] = 0.229, and P = 0.019). In conclusion, these data suggest that using 2 mmol l−1 5-ALA in HBSS effectively protected the viability of spermatogonial stem cells upon hypothermic transportation.
Late-onset aortic regurgitation after device closure of atrial septal defect
Authors: Prasad Pooja , Singh Tania , Dharan Baiju S. , Gopalakrishnan Arun , Krishnamoorthy Kavassery Mahadevan
Published: November 2024

A 10-year-old girl underwent successful device closure of a 15-mm atrial septal defect with a short and thick retroaortic rim using a 16-mm atrial septal occluder from the conventional approach under transesophageal echocardiographic guidance. There were no periprocedural complications. The aortic valve was noted to be trileaflet and competent. Transthoracic echocardiography at a routine 2-year follow-up visit demonstrated new-onset moderate aortic regurgitation. There was no pericardial effusion.
Myocardial perfusion imaging in a case of cardiac strangulation: A novel approach to detect pacemaker-induced ischemia
Authors: Kar Siven , Gupta Harshita , Shaikh Nusrat , Lele Vikram
Published: November 2024

Cardiac strangulation is a rare phenomenon in children following epicardial pacemaker implantation, caused by compression of the heart and great vessels by the epicardial pacemaker wires. We report a rare case of cardiac strangulation presenting after 8 years of epicardial pacemaker implantation. On routine follow-up, computed tomography angiography showed significant extrinsic compression of the mid-left anterior descending (LAD) artery by the epicardial pacing wire. She was referred to our department for myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), which showed significant inducible ischemia in the LAD territory. Following this, she underwent a successful pacemaker reimplantation. MPI can, thus, act as a good tool to assess the functional significance of the compression caused by strangulation of the heart by pacemaker leads in asymptomatic patients.
Tricuspid valve septal displacement cutoff value for mortality risk following biventricular repair in Ebstein anomaly
Authors: Fakhri Dicky , Busro Pribadi Wiranda , Rahmat Budi , Purba Salomo , Prakoso Radityo , Turnip Chaisari Maria M. , Taqwaariva Alyarosa
Published: November 2024

Background:

Surgical intervention is the definitive treatment for Ebstein anomaly, offering both biventricular and nonbiventricular repair options. The objective of this study is to identify a specific cutoff value for tricuspid septal leaflet displacement, which will be a crucial factor in determining the selection of a surgical approach with lower mortality risk in biventricular repair.

Methods and Results:

This is a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients with Ebstein anomaly undergoing surgical intervention at the National Cardiovascular Center Harapan Kita from January 2010 to December 2023. A total of 83 patients with Ebstein anomaly were treated surgically; 43 of those underwent biventricular repair, whereas the remaining underwent nonbiventricular repair. Echocardiography was performed, and the Great Ormond Street Echocardiography score was calculated. Several risk factors were identified and stratified for patients with biventricular repair (n = 43). Tricuspid septal leaflet displacement was measured for each patient, and there was a statistically significant higher mortality risk directly proportional to higher displacement in patients with biventricular repair (P < 0.05). A cutoff value of 43.5 mm/m² for the tricuspid septal leaflet displacement is the best predictor of mortality risk in biventricular repair with 83.3% sensitivity and 93.3% specificity.

Conclusions:

In patients with Ebstein anomaly undergoing a biventricular repair, mortality rates are significantly elevated in patients with a higher tricuspid septal leaflet displacement distance. The results of the study indicated that the mortality risk in biventricular repair can be predicted based on the tricuspid septal leaflet displacement distance using a cutoff value of 43.5 mm/m².
The physiological implications of absent ductus venosus during fetal and post-natal life
Authors: Bakhru Shweta , Koneti Nageswara Rao
Published: November 2024

Background:

The ductus venosus (DV) is a pivotal component of fetal circulation. Absent DV (ADV) is associated with structural defects, portal vein (PV) anomalies, and chromosomal anomalies. This observational study aims to investigate the impact of ADV on fetal circulation and postnatal outcomes.

Materials and Methods:

This observational study was conducted from August 2016 to January 2020 at a fetal and pediatric cardiac center. The DV was evaluated as part of routine fetal echocardiography. Cases of ADV were identified. Blood flow and exit points of the umbilical vein were studied. Cardiothoracic ratio, hydrops, and PV were assessed during the initial and follow-up scans. The postnatal evaluation included an ultrasound abdomen and computed tomography with triple-phase imaging to assess portosystemic shunts (PSSs). Serum ammonia levels were monitored.

Results:

Twelve patients with ADV were identified. The median maternal age and median gestational age were 27.5 years and 22 weeks, respectively. Four patients had intrahepatic drainage, while eight had extrahepatic drainage. All patients (100%) exhibited cardiomegaly, but none developed hydrops. Four patients had persistent PSS postnatally. All four patients with PSS had asymptomatic hyperammonemia. Two patients underwent transcatheter closure of PSS. The intrahepatic variant showed good PV anatomy with no evidence of PSS.

Conclusions:

DV evaluation should be performed during fetal echocardiography. ADV can lead to cardiomegaly and dilation of the right atrium and ventricle. PSS can be a potential sequela of the extrahepatic variant of ADV.
Clinical Characteristics and Mutation Profile in Patients with Carbonic Anhydrase II Deficiency: A Systematic Review of Case Reports
Authors: Kundavaram Rajkumar , Raul Saswat Ranjan , Dev Vishnu , Namdeo Shruti , Gogia Priya , Mishra Kirtisudha , Bhatt Girish Chandra
Published: November 2024

Background:

Carbonic anhydrase II (CA II) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder presenting with the characteristic triad of osteopetrosis, renal tubular acidosis (RTA), and intracerebral calcifications. However, the spectrum of mutations and clinical features varies.

Objectives:

A systematic review of case reports was done to describe the clinical spectrum and genetic mutations of children reported with carbonic anhydrase deficiency.

Methods:

A comprehensive search was done in major databases, using defined search terms. The identified reports underwent screening by different authors as per inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results:

Twenty-two children (median age: 5 years) with genetically proven CA II deficiency were included, mostly males, all having RTA, classic triad being present in 64%. Over half of them had global developmental delay and one-third had vision and hearing defect, each. The most common mutation was c. 232 + 1 G >T, followed by del 12/ins4 at codon 211, seen in 9 (41%) and 4 (18%) children, respectively.

Conclusion:

Not all children with CA II deficiency present with triad, though RTA is present universally, c. 232 + 1 G >T being the most common variant in CA2 gene.
Pyloric Perforation with Gastro-duodenal Artery Pseudo Aneurysm Due to Peptic Ulcer Disease in a Toddler: Case Report with Review of Literature
Authors: Mishra Ruchi , Tetarbe Shivangi , Karkera Parag Janardhan , Shah Ira
Published: November 2024

Background:

With increasing use of endoscopy in children, peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is being diagnosed more frequently and perforation of PUD is also being reported. However, most such cases are reported in older children and adolescents. We report a rare occurrence of perforated PUD in a young child associated with the rupture of pseudoaneurysm of gastroduodenal artery (GDA).

Clinical Description:

A 3-year-old boy presented with abdominal pain and nonbilious vomiting, exhibiting peritoneal signs upon examination. An X-ray erect abdomen confirmed pneumoperitoneum. During the hospital stay, the patient also developed melaena.

Management and Outcome:

Emergency laparotomy revealed a small perforation between the pylorus and the first part of the duodenum, which was successfully repaired. However, postoperatively, the patient continued to experience massive melaena, accompanied by a significant drop in hemoglobin. Angiography indicated an irregular GDA with a small pseudoaneurysm which was then angioembolized. The patient recovered and was discharged on proton-pump inhibitors. A gastroduodenoscopy after 2 weeks revealed Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection, which was treated as per guidelines.

Conclusion:

This case report underscores the importance of considering perforated PUD in a child with pneumoperitoneum, and HP testing in all children with PUD. Rupture of a pseudoaneurysm of GDA may be a complication of PUD, which if promptly treated, can be life-saving.
Cycloserine-induced psychosis in patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis: A case series
Authors: Sinha Abhimanyu , Chaudhari Bhushan , Chaudhury Suprakash , Javadekar Archana , Mishra Soumya R. , Gandhi Rhea , Singh Amarbir
Published: November 2024

Antitubercular therapy (ATT), particularly second-line drugs used in drug-resistant tuberculosis like cycloserine, is known to cause various neuropsychiatric adverse effects. These adverse effects may affect treatment adherence of the patients as well as may lead to serious life-threatening consequences. To date, very few case reports are available on cycloserine-induced psychosis. Here, we present a case series of patients with cycloserine-induced psychoses who reported to the psychiatry outpatient department with severe psychiatric disturbances. Early detection and prompt management of these psychoses is an essential step in the management of these patients.
Pathways adopted by patients visiting a psychiatric outpatient department in a tertiary care center
Authors: Davis Supriya , Chaudhury Suprakash , Ghosh Poulomi , Mukherjee Sudip S.
Published: November 2024

Background:

Our nation grapples with a poor understanding of mental health, and negative connotations are usually associated with the term “mental illness.” This, in turn, increases the psychiatric burden via nonacceptance of illness and subsequently resorting to circuitous routes for help.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to delineate the routes patients utilize when consulting a psychiatrist and the variables linked to referral delays.

Materials and Methods:

A semi-structured interview was used to glean sociodemographic information from 150 patients who visited the Department of Psychiatry of a tertiary care facility. ICD-10 was used to make the diagnosis. The “WHO pathways to care proforma” was used as a sample to document the pathways embarked on by patients. The pathways were depicted pictorially, and comparisons between different domains were made.

Results:

The majority of patients’ initial contact for care was general practitioners (36%), followed by religious healers (28%), with psychiatrists making up the minority of first-contact caregivers. Thirty-four percent had a delay of one to five years, and 44% took more than five years to visit a psychiatrist. Rather than the patients themselves, relatives were the ones who initiated help seeking (69.3%). 36.7% of the relatives decided to wait, attributing the behavioral change to extraneous influences. Sixty-eight percent of patients reached a psychiatrist after one or two referrals. This illuminates the detours taken prior to relevant treatment. Psychiatrists, quacks, general practitioners, and faith healers/priests were the main channels observed.

Conclusion:

Raising awareness and using stigma reduction strategies can help address care seeker delays and ensure prompt intervention and beneficial results.
From Bin to Bedside: Understanding the Health Burden of Inadequate Waste Disposal
Authors: Olorunfemi Olaolorunpo , Aina Ibitayo Febisola
Published: November 2024

Inappropriate waste disposal constitutes a serious challenge globally, particularly in low- and middle-income nations such as Nigeria. This review explores the multifaceted challenges of waste disposal in Nigeria, highlighting issues such as inadequate infrastructure, deficient waste collection services, and a general lack of awareness regarding proper waste management practices. The health burden stemming from improper waste disposal is substantial, encompassing risks such as the spread of infectious diseases, respiratory complications from waste incineration, and the proliferation of pests and vermin. The significance of this review lies in its comprehensive examination of these critical issues, providing valuable insights that could guide policy-makers, health professionals, and the general public in addressing the waste management crisis effectively. The Health Belief Model emerges as a potential framework for understanding and mitigating these challenges, suggesting that by enhancing awareness about the health risks associated with improper waste disposal and promoting the advantages of proper waste management, individuals can be motivated to adopt healthier practices. In conclusion, immediate sustainable waste management practices are crucial for Nigeria to address the health implications of inadequate waste disposal, promote environmental sustainability, and improve public health through awareness campaigns.
Development and Evaluation of Essential Oil-loaded Interpenetrating Polymer Network-based Gel for the Management of Dandruff
Authors: Seth Nikhil , Aranjani Jesil Mathew , Ibrahim Rafwana , Biswas Avirup
Published: November 2024

Introduction:

Dandruff, characterized by flaky skin and itching, presents a challenge for effective treatment due to conventional product limitations and side effects. This study aimed to develop an innovative interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) gel system enriched with essential oils and ketoconazole (KTZ) to enhance antifungal activity. Combining these agents in a Carbopol 940-based hydrogel matrix was designed to deliver sustained and targeted treatment, improving the therapeutic outcome for scalp conditions like dandruff caused by Malassezia furfur. Natural oils, such as tea tree and lemongrass, combined with the potent antifungal properties of KTZ, aim to create a more effective and safer alternative to current treatments.

Materials and Methods:

The IPN gel was formulated by incorporating KTZ and essential oils into a hydrogel base of Carbopol 940 and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Nine different formulations (F-1 to F-9) were developed, each varying in the type and concentration of essential oils and polymer ratios. Tea tree oil was included in formulation F-8, whereas lemongrass oil was used in F-9, combined with KTZ. These formulations were evaluated for their physicochemical properties, drug entrapment efficiency, and in vitro drug release profiles, specifically on antifungal efficacy against M. furfur.

Results:

The IPN gel system showed significant antidandruff efficacy, especially in targeting M. furfur and dermatophytes. Among all formulations, F-8 (tea tree oil based) and F-9 (lemongrass oil based) demonstrated the most favorable sustained drug release profiles, with extended therapeutic effects over time. KTZ was identified as the most potent antifungal agent in the formulations, with the IPN gel system offering enhanced bioavailability and prolonged scalp contact.

Conclusion:

These findings highlight the potential of this formulation as a promising alternative to traditional dandruff treatments.
Gender-responsive Planning and Development of Health-related Projects for Women and Transgender Persons at the Local Self-government Level in Kerala, South India
Authors: Sundaram Divya Chaithanya , Madhavan Manju , Jose Arun , Ravindran Rekha M.
Published: November 2024

Background:

Gender-responsive planning is a process that considers the different needs, perspectives, and experiences of men, women, transgender persons, and other gender-diverse people in the development and implementation of programs, policies, and projects. In the context of health, this involves integrating gender considerations into the planning and implementation of health initiatives at all the levels of government. This approach recognizes that gender is a key factor in shaping health outcomes, and certain groups often face specific health challenges that are rooted in gender-based discrimination and inequality. This study aims to understand the gender-responsive budgeting reflected in health-related project preparation for women and transgender persons at the local government.

Materials and Methods:

The secondary data analysis was conducted on the allocation and expenditure of plan funds by the local governments in Kerala from 2014 to 2020.

Results:

Gram Panchayats prepare the majority of projects relating to women’s and transgender health. Projects on nutrition comprise 85% of total projects and sub-sectors such as sanitation and waste processing, public programs, women’s welfare, and social security account for 5% each. By 2014–2017, micro-sectors addressing women’s health existed concentrating on toilets, counseling, nutrition, menstruation, yoga, self-defense, etc., Micro-sectors addressing transgender persons’ welfare added projects which accounted for only 0.2% of the total. Median values depict the allocation and expenditure for subsectors such as sanitation, waste processing, social welfare, social security, and nutrition, explicating that the disparities in addressing health concerns of women and transgender persons through these micro-sectors are stark.

Conclusion:

Development planning requires extensive data on fund allocation and expenditure on gender-responsive planning at the local body level. Improved allocation and proper utilization of augmented gender-sensitive health-care services can be brought about by engaging women and transgender persons in the decision-making process.
Polypharmacy in an Older Female: Thoughtful Deprescribing
Authors: George Sudeep Mathew , Vasu  , Kashyap Kritartha , Dhar Minakshi
Published: November 2024

The magnitude of polypharmacy is on the rise as the global population faces a demographic shift with a larger proportion of older people, along with a marked increase in the prevalence of multimorbidity. An 85-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus, systemic hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic depression, parkinsonism, and dementia presented with inappropriate polypharmacy, taking 32 medications. Comprehensive medication reconciliation was performed using the Discuss, Review, Use tools, Geriatric medicine approach, and Stop medication guide, assessing appropriateness based on Beers Criteria. Goals of care were established through shared decision-making, focusing on reducing her pill burden and relaxing treatment targets for blood pressure and glycated hemoglobin. The patient was ultimately prescribed 13 medications. This case highlights the importance of tailored, patient-centered approaches in managing polypharmacy and chronic conditions in older adults to improve overall health outcomes.
Frailty in Hemodialysis Patients: A Study from Two Tertiary Care Dialysis Units
Authors: Premlatha K. Sunitha , Shivani R. Namratha , Yadav P. Vaishnavi , Anandh Urmila
Published: November 2024

Background:

Frailty is common in elderly individuals and is an important parameter predicting mortality. Multiple factors are responsible for this clinical syndrome and many are present in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Understanding the prevalence and factors associated with frailty in maintenance hemodialysis patients helps us to prognosticate and offer interventions in this vulnerable group.

Aims and Objectives: (

1) To study the prevalence of frailty in two quaternary maintenance hemodialysis units, (2) to understand factors that correlate with frailty, and (3) to look at the short-term impact of frailty on hospitalization and mortality in this cohort.

Materials and Methods:

A prospective study in two hemodialysis centers was conducted over a period of 6 months. Data on demographics, comorbid conditions, laboratory parameters, and nutritional parameters were collected. Nutritional assessment included information from 7-point subjective global assessment and Global Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM). Data were also collected regarding the body composition analyses of these patients. Frailty was assessed by using the Fried’s classification. Data analysis was done looking at the prevalence of frailty in this cohort and factors associated with frailty. The cohort was followed up for another 6 months and survival outcome during this follow-up was recorded. Follow-up data were analyzed to look at the impact of frailty on short-term survival.

Results:

A total of 121 maintenance hemodialysis patients were included in the study. There were 44 (36%) females in the observational cohort. The mean (±standard deviation [SD]) age of the cohort was 56.59 (±13.58) years. The mean (± SD) dialysis vintage was 28.42 (±28.67) months. Sixty-eight (56.2%) patients had Type 2 diabetes mellitus and 111 (91.7%) had hypertension. Frailty (based on Fried’s classification) was seen in 107 (88.4%) patients. The incidence of frailty was distributed across all ages. There was also no significant association between frailty and nutritional parameters. Patients on thrice-weekly dialysis were found to have a higher incidence of frailty (P = 0.01). The presence of frailty did not impact short-term hospitalization and mortality.

Discussion:

There is a high incidence of frailty in hemodialysis patients across all ages. The underlying comorbidities and the repeated stress of the hemodialysis procedure make frailty prevalent in younger individuals, as was noted in our study. The incidence of frailty was more in patients on thrice-weekly dialysis. Frailty was not associated with hospitalizations and short-term mortality in our cohort.

Conclusions:

There is a high incidence of frailty across all ages in hemodialysis patients and should be assessed in all hemodialysis patients, risk factors identified, and appropriate therapeutic interventions instituted in these vulnerable patients.
Beverage Hydration Index
Authors: Kalra Sanjay , Kapoor Nitin , Sharma Sourabh
Published: November 2024

This communication describes beverage hydration index (BHI) and reviews its utility in clinical practice. BHI is defined as the urine output within 4 h of consuming 1000 ml of still water, relative to the urine output after taking an equal amount of a particular beverage. BHI can be used to objectively assess the hydrating capacities of beverages. This helps plan person-specific beverage advice to suit the preferences and requirements of a particular individual.
Subjective Global Assessment in Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis - A Study from Public Sector Hospital
Authors: Bachalakuri Snigdha , Yadla Manjusha , Kumar B. Vikram , Srinivas P. , Burri Sreekanth
Published: November 2024

Introduction:

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global public health concern that has a significant financial impact on health-care systems. Protein energy malnutrition (PEM) in MHD patients is associated with increased in mortality, reduced quality of life and increases morbidity, hospitalization, and mortality. According to a global meta-analysis of 65 studies from 10 geographical regions, malnutrition is highly prevalent in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. The gold standard for evaluating the nutritional state of patients with ESKD is total body nitrogen. SGA tool, MIS, mini nutritional assessment (MNA) tool, Health-Related Quality of Life Short Form 36-Index (WHO HRQOL SF 36), and subjective global nutritional assessment are some of the tools that are practical, validated, and affordable questionnaires that can be utilized in the public domain. A combination of anthropometric measurements and nutritional assessment tools is the most effective way to determine nutritional status.

Aim:

To assess the nutritional status of maintenance hemodialysis patients in a tertiary care centre using the 7 point SGA method.

Type of Study:

observational study.

Study Setting:

Tertiary care hospital in south India.

Study Population:

Patients undergoing maintenance Hemodialysis in our hospital.

Results:

Total Number of patients included in the study is 68. Mean age is 46.78years with a standard deviation of 11.181years. Male predominance was seen in the study group 72.1% to female patients 27.9%. Hypertension is the most common associated comorbidity 67.6%, followed by Diabetes mellitus 39.7%. Majority of the study group are in the Dialysis vintage group 1-2 years. Male patients have significant association with Malnutrition (P =0.006*). There is no significant correlation with kuppuswamy socio-economic class(P=0.123). There is no significant correlation between dialysis vintage and malnutrition (P=0.35). There was significant association with serum albumin(P<0.001), Body Mass Index (P<0.001), Mid Arm Circumference (P<0.001), Mid Arm Muscle Circumference (P<0.001), Skin Fold Thickness-Triceps (P<0.001).

Conclusion:

Moderate malnutrition was present in majority of patients 62%. Severe malnutrition was seen in only 0.8% patients. Statistically significant association was noted between anthropometric measurements-BMI, MAMC, MAC, Skin fold thickness and malnourishment. Serum albumin has significant association.

Limitations:

Small sample size. SGA is subjective assessment, has inter observer variations.
Pembuatan Desain UI/UX Dengan Metode Prototyping Pada Aplikasi Perpustakaan Pintar Di SMK Pasundan Rancaekek Menggunakan Tools Figma
Authors: Syaharani Gita Salsa , Sulastri Winda
Published: November 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang desain antarmuka pengguna (UI) dan pengalaman pengguna (UX) pada aplikasi perpustakaan pintar di SMK Pasundan Rancaekek menggunakan metode prototyping dan tool Figma. Penelitian ini dilakukan karena kebutuhan modernisasi sistem perpustakaan untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan aksebilitas layanan. Metode yang digunakan adalah prototyping dengan pendekatan berorientasi objek. Hasil penelitian berupa desain UI/UX aplikasi Perpustakaan Pintar yang mencakup fitur login, dashboard, data kunjungan, data buku, peminjaman, dan pengembalian. Desain UI/UX yang dihasilkan penulis diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pengalaman pengguna dan efektivitas layanan perpustakaan pintar di SMK Pasundan Rancaekek.
Implementasi Sistem Informasi E-Log Book Penangkapan Ikan di Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Sumatera Utara
Authors: Purba Rika Pirmasari , Irawan Muhammad Dedi , Alda Muhamad
Published: November 2024

Perkembangan teknologi informasi yang pesat telah merambah hampir semua aspek kehidupan, termasuk di bidang kelautan dan perikanan. Dinas Kelautan dan Perikanan Provinsi Sumatera Utara menggunakan sistem informasi e-log book untuk mengumpulkan data secara akurat. Institusi ini bertanggung jawab memantau kegiatan perikanan, termasuk data penangkapan ikan dan lokasi operasi. Penggunaan log book fisik oleh nelayan untuk mencatat hasil tangkapan sering kali memakan waktu dan menghasilkan data yang kurang terstruktur. Aplikasi e-log book dikembangkan menggunakan metode Progressive Web App (PWA) dan GPS untuk melacak lokasi nelayan dan kapal, memungkinkan pelaporan dengan informasi lokasi yang akurat. Sistem ini mencatat dan mengunggah data penangkapan ikan, serta menyimpan data secara offline. Dengan demikian, nelayan dapat mengisi log book di lokasi penangkapan menggunakan perangkat seluler dan merekam lokasi penangkapan secara akurat, yang membantu dalam pemantauan dan pelaporan yang lebih akurat. Sistem e-log book penangkapan ikan ini mempermudah pengumpulan data yang akurat serta pencatatan hasil tangkapan ikan dan pengirimannya ke pihak berwenang oleh petugas. Keakuratan data penangkapan ikan merupakan faktor krusial dalam mendukung pengelolaan sumber daya ikan, dan penerapan teknologi e-log book adalah solusi efektif untuk meningkatkan kecepatan dan akurasi data tersebut. Analisis terhadap kesenjangan penerapan teknologi e-log book di Indonesia menunjukkan bahwa e-log book yang dikembangkan sudah memadai dari segi perangkat keras, perangkat lunak,komunikasi data (satelit dan GSM/GPRS), dan sistem integrator.
BUGWRIGHT2 remote inspection techniques in medium and small-sized Scandinavian ports
Authors: Pastra Aspasia , Johansson Tafsir , Francke Herbert , Dalaklis Dimitrios
Published: November 2024

During the last few years, the utilization of Remote Inspection Techniques (RIT), including Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Remote Operated Vehicles (ROVs), has gained significant momentum within the maritime sector. Today, RIT are rather extensively being exploited for ship inspection and maintenance purposes, thereby revolutionizing conventional practices and setting a new benchmark in the industry. In this context, these technologies are clearly emerging as indispensable tools in the modernisation of port operations. By effectively leveraging the capabilities of these technologies, ports can achieve remarkable strides in security, safety, efficiency, and sustainability. This paper aims to examine the extent to which small and medium-sized ports in Scandinavia are using RIT for ground-based port operations and sea navigation. To this end, it is based on findings from a focus group discussion with seventeen (17) different Port Facility Security Officers (PFSOs) in Scandinavia that draw reference to the extent of use of these technologies in ports. Recommendations for the use of RIT in ports have been, thereupon, tabled considering the need for a review of the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS) Code to address the application of UAVs in managing port security.

Au cours des dernières années, l’utilisation des techniques d’inspection à distance (RIT), y compris les véhicules aériens sans pilote (UAV) et les véhicules télécommandés (ROV), a pris une ampleur considérable dans le secteur maritime. Aujourd’hui, les techniques d’inspection à distance sont largement exploitées à des fins d’inspection et de maintenance des navires,révolutionnant ainsi les pratiques conventionnelles et établissant une nouvelle référence dans l’industrie. Dans ce contexte, ces technologies apparaissent clairement comme des outils indispensables à la modernisation des opérations portuaires. En exploitant efficacement ces technologies, les ports peuvent réaliser des progrès remarquables en matière de sécurité, de sûreté, d’efficacité et de durabilité. Cet article vise à examiner dans quelle mesure les ports de petite et moyenne taille en Scandinavie utilisent les technologies de l’information et de la communication pour les opérations portuaires au sol et la navigation maritime. Pour ce faire,il s’appuie sur les conclusions d’un groupe de discussion avec dix-sept agents de sûreté des installations portuaires (PFSO) en Scandinavie qui font référence à l’étendue de l’utilisation de ces technologies dans les ports. Des recommandations pour l’utilisation des technologies de l’information et de la communication dans les ports sont ensuite présentées, compte tenu de la nécessité de réviser le Code international pour la sûreté des navires et des installations portuaires (ISPS) afin de prendre en compte l'application des drones dans la gestion de la sécurité portuaire.
Optimization of Renewable Energy Company Stock Portfolio for Investment Decision Making using the Markowitz Model
Authors: Saputra Renda Sandi , Rahayu Alpi fauziah , Suhaimi Nurnisaa Binti Abdullah
Published: November 2024

This study focuses on optimizing the renewable energy company's stock portfolio using the Markowitz model, which aims to balance risk and return for proper investment decision making. With the increasing demand for clean energy, portfolio optimization in the renewable energy sector is important for investors. This research takes into account historical stock performance and applies the Mean-Variance Optimization framework to minimize risk while maximizing return. This portfolio consists of selected renewable energy companies, and the analysis runs from September 2021 to August 2024. This study aims to analyze the allocation of investment portfolios in renewable energy company stocks in Indonesia. Based on the analysis results, the investment portfolio is allocated to five main stocks, namely BUMI.JK with an investment value of IDR 17,075,844 (17.08%), INDY.JK of IDR 5,825,852 (5.83%), KEEN.JK of IDR 33,766,798 (33.77%), RAJA.JK of IDR 43,084,876 (43.08%), and WIKA.JK of IDR 246,630 (0.25%). These results indicate that most of the funds are invested in RAJA.JK and KEEN.JK stocks, which contribute more than 75% of the total investment portfolio
Calculation of Life Insurance Premiums with Markov Chain Applications for Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis Disease in Indonesia
Authors: Putra Fachrul Ananda , Purba Daniel Victorio Rudolfo
Published: November 2024

This study aims to calculate the premium for Long Term Care (LTC) insurance on Annuity as A Rider Benefit products with a multi-status model. Pulmonary Tuberculosis is one of the major infectious diseases that contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality rates. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate insurance premiums that consider the health risks of sufferers. In this study, Markov chains are used to model the health status transition of individuals with Pulmonary Tuberculosis over time, considering several health states, such as healthy, sick, and dead. Tuberculosis epidemiological data in Indonesia is used to estimate the transition probabilities between health states. The case study used in this research is a 35-year-old man who participates in LTC insurance with a coverage period of 5 years. It is known that the value of compensation when a person dies is IDR 100,000,000. The interest rate used is 5%. The calculation results obtained annual premium for LTC insurance on Annuity as A Rider Benefit product is Rp294,333. Then the calculation of the annual net premium of this insurance is also calculated based on age and gender. When age increases, the premium will be greater, this is influenced by the greater chance of death when age increases. In addition, based on gender, it is found that the male premium is more expensive than the female gender. This is influenced by the chance of death of men is greater than women.