bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Myocardial Noncompaction
Authors: Mihailovici Alexandru Radu , Padureanu Vlad , Albu Carmen Valeria , Dinescu Venera Cristina , Pirlog Mihai Cristian , Dinescu Sorin Nicolae , Malin Ramona Denise , Calborean Veronica
Published: February 2020

Left ventricular noncompaction is a primary cardiomyopathy with genetic transmission in the vast majority of autosomal dominant cases. It is characterized by the presence of excessive myocardial trabecularities that generally affect the left ventricle. In diagnosing this condition, echocardiography is the gold standard, although this method involves an increased risk of overdiagnosis and underdiagnosis. There are also uncertain cases where echocardiography is inconclusive, a multimodal approach is needed, correlating echocardiographic results with those obtained by magnetic resonance imaging. The clinical picture may range from asymptomatic patients to patients with heart failure, supraventricular or ventricular arrhythmias, thromboembolic events and even sudden cardiac death. There is no specific treatment of left ventricular noncompaction, but the treatment is aimed at preventing and treating the complications of the disease. We will present the case of a young patient with left ventricular noncompactioncardiomyopathy and highlight the essential role of transthoracic echocardiography in diagnosing this rare heart disease.
Arthroscopy in Arthrosis: Is It Worth it? A case Presentation
Authors: Moga Marius , Pogarasteanu Mark Edward , Edu Antoine
Published: February 2020

The role of arthroscopy in incipient and mild arthrosis, even combined with proximal tibial ostetomy, is well known and well documented. On the other hand, its role in the treatment of advanced arthrosis of the large joints, especially the knee, is a subject of controversy. The proponents of the use of arthroscopy in advanced arthrosis claim that meniscectomy, synovectomy, ostophytectomy, chondral lesion stabilization, arthroscopic release, plica and loose body removal greatly improve the quality of life for most patients, especially if followed by the use of viscoelastic injection, by diminishing pain and improving joint range of motion. The opponents claim that, even though the advantages are clear in the cases that refuse arthroplasty, in all the other cases the surgical indication should be total knee arthroplasty, as the clinical relief is temporary, but with all the risks of a surgical intervention. We have conducted an overview of the recent literature, in order to find objective evidence to sustain either point of view. We focused on articles published that included an objective measurement of before and after clinical status through clinical scores and objective measurements. We also focused on the follow-up period and on the evolution of the pathology after arthroscopy.
The Influence of Thymectomy Over Acetylcoline Antibody Anti-receptor Concentration and Over the Clinical Manifestations on Myasthenia Gravis Patients
Authors: Salahoru Paul , Ghiciuc Cristina Mihaela , Grigorescu Cristina , Hinganu Marius Valeriu , Lupusoru Catalina Elena
Published: February 2020

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder which presents a series of clinical manifestations which are generally motor. The hallmark of the disorder is muscle weakness, which typically worsens during physical exercise and improves upon rest. Approximatively 80% of the patients presenting this affection test positive for Acetylcholine antibody anti-receptor (AChR-ab).Treatment of patients with myasthenia gravis consists of:administration of oral medica-tion, immunomodulating treatment by removal of AChR-ab through plasmapheresis or surgical intervention (thymectomy).This article presents a retrospective study in which the authors attempted to identify factors which can influence the effect of thymectomy on AChR-ab titration and on the clinical presentation of the patients suffering with myasthenia gravis.
The Implications of E-cadherin Expression in Pancreatic Cancer
Authors: Trofin Ana Maria , Lupascu Cristian , Cianga Spiridon Irene , Ursulescu Lupascu Corina , Zabara Mihai , Grigorean Valentin , Brasoveanu Vladislav
Published: February 2020

Pancreatic cancer is an aggressive neoplasia and has a fatal prognosis, with approximately 85% of patients diagnosed in advanced stages of the disease. The purpose of this study was to determine if the loss of e-cadherin expression in pancreatic pancreatic is a predictor of the prognosis of this disease. This research is based on a retrospective study performed on a group of 81 patients who benefited from pancreatic resection in our Surgical Clinic, between January 2008 and December 2016 and assessing the positivity of e-cadherin. There were no correlations between e-cadherin expression and other clinic-pathological factors, including gender, age, tumor status, lymph node metastasis, microscopic vascular invasion, perineural invasion. Low-differentiated pancreatic cancer was more likely to exhibit e-cadherin expression loss than well-differentiated forms of cancer (p-0.07). The mean survival in e-cadherin positive patients (17.1 months) was significantly worse compared to those with E-cadherin absent (6.8 months).In conclusion, we found that partial loss of e-cadherin in primary pancreatic adenocarcinomas is an independent predictor of a negative outcome among patients with curative surgical resection of pancreatic lesions.
Comparative Study of a and b- pinene Content in Volatile Oils of Abies alba, Pinus sylvestris, Juniperus communis, Rosmarinus officinalis, Salvia officinalis and Coriandrum sativum
Authors: Popescu Mariana , Puiu Diana , Raiciu Anca Daniela
Published: February 2020

The study describes the composition of volatile oils obtained by steam distillation of water fir (Abies alba), pine (Pinus sylvestris), juniper (Juniperus communis), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), sage (Salvia officinalis), and coriander (Coriandrum sativum) using the gas chromatography technique coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Chromatographic profile revealed the presence of specific components for each studied volatile oil. It noted the presence of a and b- pinene in all volatile oils studied at different concentrations. Volatile oils studied, from green sources and rich in a, b-pinene will be used as raw materials for creating products with anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, bronchodilators properties.
An Analysis of Dental Implants Survival and Success
Authors: Olariu Iustin , Radu Roxana , Olariu Teodora , Serafim Andrada Christine , Popovici Ramona Amina , Florescu Sorin , Nica Cristian , Todor Liana , Tigmeanu Codruta Victoria
Published: February 2020

Osseointegration of a dental implant may encounter a variety of problems caused by various factors, as prior health-related problems, patients� habits and the technique of the implant inserting. Retrospective cohort study of 70 patients who received implants between January 2011- April 2016 in one dental unit, with Kaplan-Meier method to calculate the probability of implants�s survival at 60 months. The analysis included demographic data, age, gender, medical history, behavior risk factors, type and location of the implant. For this cohort the implants�survival for the first 6 months was 92.86% compared to the number of patients and 97.56% compared to the number of total implants performed, with a cumulative failure rate of 2.43% after 60 months. Failures were focused exclusively on posterior mandible implants, on the percentage of 6.17%, odds ratio (OR) for these failures being 16.76 (P = 0.05) compared with other localisations of implants, exclusively in men with median age of 42 years.
Alteration of Glucidic Metabolism in Relation with Visceral Adiposity Index
Authors: Vladu Ionela Mihaela , Radu Lucretiu , Girgavu Sigina Rodica , Tenea Cojan Tiberiu Stefanita , Ene Cristina Gabriela , Calborean Veronica , Gheorman Victor , Clenciu Diana
Published: February 2020

Obesity is has become a major problem worldwide. Since 1975, the prevalence of obesity nearly trippled, and nowadays we are facing an obesity epidemic. Obesity is a major risk factor for many diseases such as cardiovascular ones (mainly heart disease and stroke) -being the leading cause of death worldwide, musculoskeletal disorders or type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).
3D Printing as a Way of Integrating Mathematical Models in Arthroscopic Knee Surgery
Authors: Plavitu Anca , Pogarasteanu Mark Edward , Moga Marius , Lupusoru Mircea , Ionita Radu Florentina , Edu Antoine
Published: February 2020

Our objective is to develop a novel method of approaching the arthroscopic treatment of osteochondral lesions within the knee joint by using mathematics as a way of understanding the geometry involved in the knee, both in normal and degenerated knee joint surfaces. Bone and cartilage lesions are frequent, whether as a result of trauma, degenerative pathology, vascular pathology (osteocondritis dissecans) or tumoral. In all cases, a defect can be repaired arthroscopically, if it has manageable dimensions and if the surgeon has the technological means and the necessary skills, through the use of grafts (autografts or allografts). Alternatively, a lesion that may be approached arthroscopically initially could prove to be too great for repair and may need a second intervention for reconstruction with an endoprosthesis. We aim to further deepen the surgeon�s understanding of this pathology, through the use of 3D technology as a way of representing the osteochondral defect. Thus, its dimensions and position may be better understood, and the surgical intervention may be better planned out, potentially resulting in a shorter operating time and an overall superior outcome for the patient, and even potentially diminishing the number of unnecessary surgeries performed.
The Challenges of Arthroscopic Diagnosis of Subscapularis Tears
Authors: Haritinian Emil George , Sendrea Bogdan , Josserand Laurent Nove
Published: February 2020

Visualisation of subscapularis lesions is difficult during open surgery. Introduction of arthroscopic procedures for rotator cuff surgery improved the diagnosis of subscapularis tears, but it still can be more challenging than for other rotator cuff tendon tears. The SFA classification of subscapularis tears is reproducible and correlates well with the arthroscopic findings. The arthroscopic diagnosis of subscapularis tear is made easier by: shoulder internal rotation, biceps tenodesis, dissection of the rotator interval, recognition of the sentinel and comma signs.
Magnesium Supplementation and Cisplatin-Induced Renal Impairment in Cancer Patients
Authors: Volovat Simona Ruxandra , Volovat Cristian Constantin , Miron Lucian , Scripcariu Dragos Viorel , Semen Elena Daniela , Ciocoiu Manuela
Published: February 2020

Cisplatin-induced renal dysfunction represents a limiting complication in patients receiving chemotherapy. Various preventive strategies have been implemented and various guidelines recommend magnesium supplementation. Twenty-four patients receiving cisplatin regimens and magnesium supplementation were assessed before, during and at the end of chemotherapy cycles. Renal impairment is generally expected to occur in up to 75% of the patients; our study reports this side effect in 20.8%, with a median decrease in the creatinine clearance of 11.2%.
Uterine Cervical Cancer and Chronic Kidney Disease An association that should not be skipped
Authors: Tanasescu Maria Daniela , Balcangiu Stroescu Andra Elena , Raducu Laura , Limbau Alexandra Maria , Diaconescu Alexandru Cristian , Balan Daniela Gabriela , Ionescu Dorin
Published: February 2020

We present the case of a 65 year old female patient with a history of bilateral hydronephrosis (known for about 3 years) diagnosed with keratinizing squamous carcinoma and chronic kidney disease. The low adherence of the patient to the uterine cervical cancer screening program led to the diagnosis of tumor in an advanced stage. In this patient, specific urological treatment (bilateral percutaneous nephrostomy) was not associated with significant improvement in renal function, and therefore she was deemed ESRD, dialysis dependent.
Study of the Control Systems of a Distillation Process Equipped with Heat Pump
Authors: Patrascioiu Cristian , Popescu Marian
Published: February 2020

The paper presents the results of the researches on the modelling and simulation of the propylene-propane mixture distillation process equipped with heat pump. Industrial data regarding the process structure, operating data and control structure are presented. Modelling and simulation of the process was accomplished using the resources of the Unisim Design simulator. Because the simulator does not include a mathematical model associated with the distillation process equipped with heat pump, the distillation column model was replaced with the Reboiled Absorber model from the simulation environment library. An analysis of the multivariable character of the distillation process revealed discrepancies between the structure determined by the Relative Gain Array analysis and the industrial control structure. The design of the control systems requires dynamic simulation of the process, so the authors� research was focused on the dynamic simulation of the absorption process. The obtained dynamic model was the starting point for testing the propylene quality control system. Finally, the optimal operating conditions for this process were analyzed.
Statins. A Review on Structural Perspectives, Adverse Reactions and Relations with Non-melanoma Skin Cancer
Authors: Nwabudike Lawrence Chukwudi , Elisei Alina Mihaela , Dumitriu Buzia Olimpia , Miulescu Magda , Tatu Alin Laurentiu
Published: February 2020

The present paper aims to review an important class of medicine widely used in the therapy of hypercholesterolemia, namely statins. We have presented the main adverse reactions and the relation between statins and non-melanoma skin cancer, which we consider to be a novel element in the area of possible adverse reactions.
The Determination of Mass Transfer Characteristics of a Column for Sulphur Dioxide Adsorption in 13 X Zeolite Working in Unsteady-State Regime
Authors: Pincovschi Irina , Modrogan Cristina
Published: February 2020

In the present work, the mass transfer characteristics such as the lenght of mass transfer unit (LMTU), the break through time and column saturation time have been studied in the case of sulphur dioxide adsorption on 13 X zeolite. The adsorption column was working in unsteady-state conditions. For these determinations a chromatographic method has been used, permiting the direct inregistration of breakthrough curves, whose shape depends on adsorption conditions (gas concentration, temperature, the size of adsorbent grains, gas velocity). The method is very sensitive, reflecting all changes of adsorption parameters.
Distillation Column Hierarchical Control
Authors: Popescu Marian
Published: February 2020

This paper treats the problem of hierarchical control of a butylene-butane distillation column (BBDC). A hierarchical control system with three levels is proposed for BBDC. First hierarchical level, which is represented by the column with its conventional automation, is simulated and the results led to the idea of using a decoupler for the process crossed channels. Thus, it is proposed a nonlinear decoupler which determines automatically its parameters and type. At the second hierarchical level are implemented two internal model controllers for the top and bottom concentrations. Finally, the third hierarchical level consists of an optimal control system for the butylene-butane separation process.
Preliminary Studies on the Biomechanical Behavior of Metal-ceramic Restorations
Authors: Dragus Laurentiu , Tinu Alberta Simona , Coman Costin , Comaneanu Raluca Monica , Ghergic Doina Lucia
Published: February 2020

In order to increase the patient�s quality of life, interdisciplinary studies on dental materials are becoming more and more frequent in an attempt to assess as accurately as possible the resistance of dental restorations over time. One of the methods of analysis of resistance to the masticatory forces of dental restorations is the finite element method (FEM). We studied a 3-element dental bridge made of a metallic Co-Cr-Mo alloy and dental ceramics, designed for the prosthesis of a tooth 3.6. On each element of the dental bridge we applied a force of 250 N in the direction Z and a force of 100 N in the Y direction. The most vulnerable areas, where the highest stresses occur, are located predominantly in the neck regions and around the points of contact between the elements of the dental bridge. However, the experimentally determined values have low intensities that would not endanger the resistance of the restoration unless it is overloaded.
La Biogeografía de Islas
Authors: Garrido-Pérez Edgardo
Published: February 2020

En Biogeografía, ‘isla’ es todo habitat propicio para cualquier especie rodeado de un entorno que no lo es . Desde este enfoque, las bocas de las personas, los charcos, lagos, fragmentos de bosque, plantíos, ciudades y hasta planetas se consideran islas. De acuerdo con MacArthur y Wilson, las islas más grandes, viejas y cercanas a sitios biodiversos albergan más especies que las pequeñas, apartadas y jóvenes. Algunas líneas de investigación emanadas de ello puede n estudiar los procesos de colonización de los plantíos, ganaderías y ciudades por plagas, y la efectividad del aseo personal para afrontar epidemias. Los planetas son islas sometidas a procesos de: surgimiento de la vida, especiación,extinción y aniquilación que ocurren a velocidades cuantificables con respecto a un solo tiempo cósmico: la Gran Explosión. Ello viabiliza la presentación aquí de una fórmula sencilla para estudiar la biodiversidad universal. La Biogeografía de Islas puede orientar la inagota ble creatividad humana para promover investigaciones desde lo microscópico hasta lo universal.
The Influence of Covariance Hankel Matrix Dimension on Algorithms for VARMA Models
Authors: Pestano-Gabino Celina , González-Concepción Concepción , Candelaria Gil-Fariña María
Published: February 2020

Some methods for estimating VARMA models, and Multivariate Time Series Models in general, rely on the use of a Hankel matrix. Some authors suggest taking a larger dimension than theoretically necessary for this matrix. If the data sample is populous enough and the Hankel matrix dimension is unnecessarily large, this may result in an unnecessary number of computations, as well as in worse numerical and statistical results. We provide some theoretical results to know which is the Hankel matrix with the lowest dimension that is theoretically necessary and illustrate, with several simulated VARMA models, that using a dimension of the Hankel matrix greater than the theoretical minimal dimension proposed as valid does not necessarily lead to improved estimates. Although we use two algorithms, our main contributions are independent of the estimation method considered. We note that our paper does not include any comparisons between different algorithms for estimating VARMA models, as this is not our aim.
New records of Seira dowlingi (Wray, 1953) (Collembola, Entomobryidae, Seirinae) for New World
Authors: Cipola Nikolas G. , Godeiro Nerivânia N. , Bellini Bruno C.
Published: February 2020

Seira dowlingi (Wray, 1953) is recorded for the first time in Peru and Brazil from five states, including Fernando de Noronha archipelago plus a new record from United States. These new records support that S. dowlingi has a wide distribution in Neotropical Region, and expanded to 34 the number of species of Seira Lubbock, 1870 found in Brazil. In addition, our revision excluded the record of Seira domestica (Nicolet, 1842) for Brazil.
First record of Glycaspis brimblecombei (Moore, 1964) and Blastopsylla occidentalis (Taylor, 1985) (Hemiptera, Aphalaridae) in eucalyptus plantations in State of Pará, Brazil
Authors: Saliba Ivy L. , Lunz Alexandre M. , Batista Telma F. , Schwartz Gustavo , Queiroz Dalva L.
Published: February 2020

The monoculture of eucalyptus species shows great expansion in the state of Pará, Brazil, so the culture presents high propensity to be a host species of both native and exotic entomological fauna. Commercial plantations of eucalyptus were monitored in a monthly basis from January 2015 to December 2016 through yellow sticky traps that were replaced in each observation. These traps were installed in the municipalities of Paragominas, Ulianópolis, Dom Eliseu, and Rondon do Pará, southeastern Pará, Brazil. The species Glycaspis brimblecombei (Moore, 1964) and Blastopsylla occidentalis (Taylor, 1985) were observed in all municipalities sampled, which becomes the first record of these species in the Brazilian Amazonian state of Pará. Therefore, these species have now their geographical distribution expanded in the Brazilian Amazon.
New country records of the Metopiinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) in the Neotropical region
Authors: Alvarado Mabel , Figueroa Luis
Published: February 2020

The range distribution is expanded for 26 Metopiinae species: Colpotrochia beluga Gauld & Sithole, 2002 (Panama); C. diabella Gauld & Sithole, 2002 (Venezuela); C. feroza Gauld & Sithole, 2002 and C. texana (Cresson, 1872) (Ecuador); C. watanka Gauld & Sithole, 2002 (Ecuador, French Guiana); Cubus validus (Cresson, 1865) (Peru); Exochus ozanus Gauld & Sithole, 2002 (Argentina); E. spinalis Townes & Townes, 1959 (Ecuador); E. pubitus Gauld & Sithole, 2002 (Guatemala); E. krellus Gauld & Sithole, 2002 (Mexico); E. pedanticus Gauld & Sithole, 2002, E. xetus Gauld & Sithole, 2002 and E. yorizus Gauld & Sithole, 2002 (Panama); E. obezus Gauld & Sithole, 2002 and E. ravetus Gauld & Sithole, 2002 (Peru); E. vanitus Gauld & Sithole, 2002 (Guatemala, Nicaragua, Panama); E. voxanus Gauld & Sithole, 2002 (Guatemala, Mexico, Panama); E. navitus Gauld & Sithole, 2002 (Ecuador, Honduras, Venezuela); Trieces platysoma Townes, 1946 (Suriname); T. tyloidalis Mazón & Bordera, 2016 (Bolivia); T. wardae Gauld & Sithole, 2002 (Ecuador); T. zwizarmae Gauld & Sithole, 2002 (Peru); T. horisme Gauld & Sithole, 2002 (Argentina, Belize, Mexico, Panama); T. riodinis Gauld & Sithole, 2002 (Curaçao, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama, Saint Vincent and The Grenadines); T. tuvule Gauld & Sithole, 2002 (Belize, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico); and T. wasnia Gauld & Sithole, 2002 (Panama, Peru).
Baru (Dipteryx alata Vogel, Fabaceae) as new host of the treehopper Aetalion reticulatum (Linnaeus, 1767) (Hemiptera: Aetalionidae)
Authors: De Castro Marcelo T. , Montalvão Sandro C. L. , Monnerat Rose G.
Published: February 2020

The treehopper Aetalion reticulatum (Linnaeus, 1767) (Hemiptera: Aetalionidae) was found infesting three baru trees (Dipteryx alata Vogel) in Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brazil. Aetalium reticulatum is considered an important pest and has been reported to damage various agricultural and forest crops. However, this is the first report of this insect in baru, a native tree species from the Brazilian Cerrado, thus expanding the insect’s known host range.
LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD FOR NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF PHASE CHANGE PROBLEM
Authors: Addakiri Soumia , Semma El Alami
Published: February 2020

In this work, a new numerical model for the treatment of phase change phenomena is developed. The LBM method is used to install this new model based on determining the image of distribution functions during the phase transition. The classical Stefan problem modeling the solid / liquid phase change is studied with this approach and validated by comparison with analytical results.
ENHANCING THE PERMITTIVITY, PERMEABILITY AND MORPHOLOGY OF ZNO-PCL NANOCOMPOSITES VIA NANO INCLUSION TREATMENT
Authors: Yakubu Abubakar , Abba Zulkifly , Sahabi Suleiman
Published: February 2020

This study involves an investigation to ascertain the effect of ZnO nano inclusion on the evolution and dielectric properties of ZnO-PCL nanocomposites. The effect of the nano inclusion towards attenuation of the composites is also reported. In this study, ZnO nano particles and polycaprolactone (PCL) were blended to form composites using melt blending technique. The composites were employed to study the effect of nano inclusion on the materials. Further analysis was done using FTIR to investigate the band positions and absorption peak of the prepared samples, SEM and EDX for the morphology and elemental composition of samples. The FTIR spectra indicated a strong interaction at the interface of the ZnO nano particles with the polymer matrix. Amongst other findings, it was confirmed that the dielectric constant increases as the ZnO nano content increases where the average values for the different compositions are 4.39, 4.14, 3.62, 3.31 and 3.21 from highest to lowest filler percentage respectively. The high dielectric properties of the composites makes it suitable for small microwave absorption devices
TIME REDUCTION EFFECTS OF STEEL CONNECTED PRECAST CONCRETE COMPONENTS FOR HEAVILY LOADED LONG-SPAN BUILDINGS
Authors: Lee Ho-Haeng , Kim Ki-Ho , Son Seunghyun , Park Kwangheon , Kim Sunkuk
Published: February 2020

The characteristics of large logistics buildings are their long spans and the ability to take heavy loads. Usually,
PC components are used for their frames to ensure quick construction. However, the erection of most pin jointed PC structures increases
the time and the cost incurred for ensuring structural stability and construction safety. To solve this problem, “smart” frames have been
developed, which have tapered steel joints at both ends of the PC components. A smart frame with the moment frame concept not only assures
structural stability and construction safety, but it also simplifies and quickens the erection because of its tapered joint detail. The purpose
of this study is to compare the erection time and cost effects of the steel connected PC components for heavily loaded long-span logistics
buildings with the existing PC frames. For this study, we selected a logistics building constructed with PC components and redesigned it as
the smart frame, and the erection simulations were performed. We analyzed the time reduction effects of the smart frame. Our results confirmed
that the use of the smart frame reduced the erection time and cost practically. Our investigations will help develop the erection simulation
algorithms for smart frames.
CLASSIFICATION OF CONSTRUCTION HAZARDS FOR A UNIVERSAL HAZARD IDENTIFICATION METHODOLOGY
Authors: Mihić Matej
Published: February 2020

Hazard identification in the construction industry is subject to a larger number of variables and unknowns than in other manufacturing industries making
the hazard identification process more difficult and resulting in many injuries and fatalities. Moreover, previous research identified a research gap with regards to a universal
hazard identification method. The results presented in this paper are a prerequisite for the development of such a method. Specifically, this paper proposes a novel classification
of hazards in order to enable a more accurate hazard identification process which can take all possible hazards into consideration. Based on the theoretical framework, three hazard
types are proposed in the research: self-induced hazards, peer-induced hazards, and global hazards. This classification is based on who is the source (who causes) the hazards
in relation to who is affected by the hazards. Such classification was not identified in previous literature. This research also has practical implications. Such classification
of hazards may influence safety experts to more actively focus on peer-induced hazards which are the hardest to identify. Finally, the outputs of the entire research should enable
a more accurate and comprehensive hazard identification resulting in reduced injury and fatality rates in the construction industry.
Interplanetary Protons versus Interacting Protons in the 2017 September 10 Solar Eruptive Event
Authors: Kocharov Leon , Pesce-Rollins Melissa , Laitinen Timo , Mishev Alexander , Kühl Patrick , Klassen Andreas , Jin Meng , Omodei Nicola , Longo Francesco , Webb David F. , Cane Hilary V. , Heber Bernd , Vainio Rami , Usoskin Ilya
Published: February 2020

We analyze the relativistic proton emission from the Sun during the eruptive event on 2017 September 10, which caused a ground-level enhancement (GLE 72) registered by the worldwide network of neutron monitors. Using the neutron monitor data and interplanetary transport modeling both along and across interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) lines, we deduce parameters of the proton injection into the interplanetary medium. The inferred injection profile of the interplanetary protons is compared with the profile of the >100 MeV γ-ray emission observed by the Fermi Large Area Telescope, attributed to pion production from the interaction of >300 MeV protons at the Sun. GLE 72 started with a prompt component that arrived along the IMF lines. This was followed by a more prolonged enhancement caused by protons arriving at the Earth across the IMF lines from the southwest. The interplanetary proton event is modeled using two sources—one source at the root of the Earth-connected IMF line and another source situated near the solar western limb. The maximum phase of the second injection of interplanetary protons coincides with the maximum phase of the prolonged >100 MeV γ-ray emission that originated from a small area at the solar western limb, below the current sheet trailing the associated coronal mass ejection (CME). A possible common source of interacting protons and interplanetary protons is discussed in terms of proton acceleration at the CME bow shock versus coronal (re-)acceleration in the wake of the CME.
L’expertise enseignante au défi de l’usage des ordinateurs en classe par des élèves dyslexiques
Authors: Bacquelé Vanessa
Published: February 2020

Le recours en classe à l’ordinateur et à certains logiciels d’aide à la lecture et à l’écriture par des adolescents présentant des troubles du langage écrit est de plus en plus plébiscité. En effet, ces aides technologiques attribuées à titre compensatoire portent l’espoir d’un accès facilité au langage écrit par ces élèves. Toutefois, une enquête de terrain conduite auprès de multiples acteurs mobilisés dans le soutien aux apprentissages des adolescents qui en font usage en classe montre que l’introduction de ces outils dans des situations d’apprentissage confronte les enseignants à de nouveaux dilemmes tant didactiques que pédagogiques. Au cœur de ces situations durant lesquelles l’appui technologique est sollicité, ce sont les champs d’expertise des enseignants, leurs habitudes professionnelles, leur bien-fondé ainsi que les mesures d’adaptation des enseignements qui sont finalement réinterrogés.
Les élèves tunisiens en situation de handicap moteur : entre l’idéal de l’inclusion scolaire et la violence du rejet des pairs
Authors: Ammar Mohamed
Published: February 2020

Notre étude vise un double objectif. D’une part explorer les attitudes des écoliers tunisiens vis-à-vis de leurs pairs en situation de handicap moteur et, d’autre part, la conscience de ces derniers de leur statut social et leurs réactions attitudinales. Les participants sont 230 élèves valides âgés entre 8 et 12 ans et 57 enfants en situation de handicap moteur âgés entre 9 et 14 ans scolarisés dans des écoles primaires inclusives. Nous avons constaté que les attitudes des élèves valides sont majoritairement défavorables et s’expriment par le rejet social de leurs pairs en situation de handicap. Ce rejet est apparu beaucoup plus violent que celui décrit dans la littérature occidentale. Les enfants en situation de handicap sont souvent conscients de leur statut social. Ils réagissent par le retrait social et la tendance à constituer un groupe stigmatisé. Les résultats sont en lien avec le système des représentations sociales du handicap en Tunisie.
Penser l’éducation thérapeutique Approche éducative à visée thérapeutique des jeunes avec troubles psychiques et du comportement
Authors: Canat Sylvie
Published: February 2020

Dans les cadres éducatifs, les jeunes présentant des troubles du comportement perturbent la relation éducative que les professionnels de l’éducation désirent instaurer. Dans cet article, est envisagée une compréhension des troubles afin d’élaborer des réponses éducatives et institutionnelles adaptées à leur logique relationnelle et défensive. L’éducation pour tous ne doit pas masquer les différences mais les comprendre afin de mieux les accueillir et les accompagner.
Une topogenèse des dispositions
Authors: Beaumont Amélie
Published: February 2020

Résumé Cet article analyse les configurations spatiales du travail pour se confronter à l’hypothèse de la socialisation entre groupes sociaux différents, en particulier dans les métiers de service. À partir de l’analyse des espaces d’un hôtel de luxe, qui révèle la nette hiérarchisation entre clients et employés, deux schèmes de socialisation sont dégagés, qui permettent de penser les effets ambivalents des configurations spatiales sur les individus. Le schème de subalternisation, issu de la constante minoration dont sont l’objet les employés dans l’organisation spatiale du travail, s’active dans le quartier de l’hôtel, au sein duquel les employés tendent à reproduire un entre-soi de service. Le schème d’acculturation, issu de la proximité avec les classes supérieures à l’hôtel, s’exprime davantage dans les mobilités de loisirs et le soin du domicile, c’est-à-dire lorsque l’emprise de l’hôtel diminue. Cet article soutient ainsi que le travail dans les services produit conjointement chez les travailleurs des tendances à l’adoption de nouveaux traits culturels, et des tendances à la séparation culturelle.
« Je sortais tout le temps en Belgique »
Authors: Clément Garance
Published: February 2020

Résumé L’article porte sur les effets de la fréquentation d’espaces festifs internationaux (ici des bars, des salles de concerts et des boîtes de nuit situés en Belgique) dans la trajectoire d’une femme ayant connu différents déplacements sociaux, des classes populaires vers les classes moyennes et supérieures. L’analyse s’appuie sur le cas d’Amina Messaoudi, née en 1959 dans une ancienne ville industrielle du nord de la France, d’un père ouvrier du textile et d’une mère nourrice, tous deux originaires d’Algérie. L’article replace les expériences festives dans une biographie familiale, étudie les propriétés des lieux festifs fréquentés et examine les dispositions qui y sont incorporées et actualisées. En adoptant une perspective biographique, il montre que la fête offre une opportunité de faire fructifier un capital culturel hérité, mais relativise aussi le poids de l’éclectisme social et culturel dans les trajectoires de mobilité sociales féminines. Si les espaces récréatifs et culturels nocturnes constituent bien des cadres de socialisation, leur rôle transformateur reste limité. D’une part, les sorties festives n’ouvrent un horizon social que lorsqu’elles permettent l’activation de dispositions déjà acquises au cours de l’enfance. D’autre part, la « fragilité » de la mobilité sociale initiée par les sorties montre que l’accumulation d’un capital culturel non certifié peut accompagner une forme d’illusion promotionnelle, lorsqu’elle ne s’appuie pas sur une base objective pour confirmer la pente ascendante de la mobilité.
« Et si le luxe c'était l'espace ? »
Authors: Bozouls Lorraine
Published: February 2020

Résumé En s’appuyant sur une enquête auprès de ménages du pôle privé des classes supérieures dans des quartiers aisés de la proche banlieue parisienne, cet article décrit les stratégies résidentielles mises en œuvre par les ménages afin de contrôler les conditions de socialisation du groupe familial. La propriété d’une maison de valeur dans des quartiers marqués par l’entre-soi est un signe de leur statut social. Elle participe à la reproduction sociale en transmettant aux enfants un capital économique et des dispositions de classe. Avec la recherche du logement, son aménagement et sa décoration, les femmes contribuent au positionnement social du ménage et deviennent des « maîtresses de maison ».
Politiques de solidarité et lutte contre la pauvreté
Authors: Giorgi Dominique
Published: February 2020

La pauvreté apparaît comme un phénomène persistant en France, malgré le rôle amortisseur majeur de son système de protection sociale. La pauvreté a arrêté d’y décroître depuis le début des années 2010 et touche aujourd’hui davantage les jeunes adultes, les familles monoparentales, les enfants. L’ascenseur social semble en panne et les déterminismes sociaux et familiaux jouent un rôle central dans le phénomène de pauvreté et sa reproduction de génération en génération. Sans contester la nécessité d’une réparation des risques sociaux, il convient de compléter cette approche classique, en amont, par des politiques de solidarité préventives. Les politiques récentes en France, en particulier la Stratégie nationale de prévention et de lutte contre la pauvreté, sont ici replacées dans une perspective historique. Elles traduisent bien, d’abord, l’émergence d’un État d’investissement social, qui propose d’intervenir en amont pour égaliser les chances au niveau de la petite enfance et de l’enfance. La Stratégie entend également refondre le système de minima sociaux en un « revenu universel d’activité », parachevant ainsi les réflexions engagées depuis plusieurs années. Elle questionne l’équilibre entre droits et devoirs des bénéficiaires et entend renforcer les politiques d’accompagnement, jugées insuffisantes. L’État semble ainsi se repositionner en pilote et garant des politiques d’insertion, sollicitant par des conventions et incitations financières l’engagement des collectivités départementales. Les associations restent des partenaires essentiels des politiques d’inclusion sociale et les travailleurs sociaux sont sollicités dans un cadre d’accompagnement à « référent unique ».
Blood protein polymorphisms and the gut bacteria: impact of probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus Narine on Salmonella carriage in sheep
Authors: Pepoyan A.Z. , Tsaturyan V.V. , Badalyan M. , Weeks R. , Kamiya Sh. , Chikindas M.L.
Published: February 2020

Related to previous reports on correlations between an animal’s genotype, its commensal microbiota, and the ability to resist infections, the aim of the current study was to investigate the associations between sheep genotype and 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) DNA methylation patterns, sheep genotype and cell surface hydrophobicity of sheep gut commensal bacteria. In addition, the effect of the probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus strain INMIA 9602 Er 317/402 (probiotic formulation Narine) on Salmonella carriage in sheep at Armenian farms was also investigated. Allelotypes and genotypes of different pathogen-sensitive sheep breeds from Armenian farms were studied based on genetic markers of blood transferrin, albumin, and ceruloplasmin. Additionally, the differences between the breeds of Mazekh, Balbas, and Mazekh/Balbas hybrids were reported. The relationship between host sheep blood transferrin and albumin polymorphisms and cell surface hydrophobicity/5-mC DNA methylation patterns from the predominant gut commensal bacteria was shown. The Narine probiotic eliminates Salmonella from the sheep gut microbiota. At the same time, no significant changes in the percentage of 5-mC DNA methylation of predominant gut bacteria after probiotic administration were observed. The evaluation of bacterial cell surface hydrophobicity, the most significant factor affecting bacterial adhesion, as well as 5-mC DNA methylation, might be used for specific sheep husbandry/breeding programs. This study suggests that the commercial probiotic Narine could potentially be used to reduce Salmonella carriage in sheep.
Effect of aerobic exercise on innate immune responses and inflammatory mediators in the spinal cord of diabetic rats
Authors: Kaki A. , Nikbakht M. , Habibi A.H. , Moghadam H.F.
Published: February 2020

Neuronal inflammation is one of the pathophysiological causes of diabetes neuropathic pain. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of aerobic exercise on innate immune responses and inflammatory mediators in the spinal dorsal horn in rats with diabetic neuropathic pain. 40 eight-week-old male Wistar rats (weight range 220±10.2 g) were randomly divided into four groups of (1) sedentary diabetic neuropathy (SDN), (2) training diabetic neuropathy (TDN), (3) training control (TC), and (4) sedentary control (SC). Diabetes was induced by injection of streptozocin (50 mg/kg). Following confirmation of behavioural tests for diabetes neuropathy, the training groups performed 6 weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on the treadmill. The expression of Toll like receptor (TLR)4, TLR2, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-10 genes in L4-L6 spinal cord sensory neurons was measured by Real Time PCR. Two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni’s post hoc tests were used for statistical analysis. After performing aerobic exercise protocol, the TDN compared to the SDN showed a significant decrease in the mean score of pain in the formalin test and a significant increase in the latency in Tail-Flick test was observed. The expression of TLR4, TLR2, TNF-α and IL-1β genes was significantly higher in the SDN than in the SC group (P<0.05). The expression of the above genes in the TDN was significantly lower than the SDN group (P<0.05). Also, the expression level of IL-10 gene was significantly higher in the TDN than the SDN group (P<0.05). Aerobic exercise improved sensitivity of nociceptors to pain-inducing agents in diabetic neuropathy due to inhibition of inflammatory receptors and increased levels of anti-inflammatory agents in the nervous system. Thus, aerobic exercise should be used as a non-pharmacological intervention for diabetic patients to reduce neuropathic pain.
Artificial Intelligence-Based Cybercrime
Authors: Hoanca Bogdan , Mock Kenrick J.
Published: February 2020

Advances in the field of artificial intelligence (AI) in recent years have led to exciting capabilities, but they have also raised concerns about dangers. A major concern is about super-intelligent AI agents with the initiative, motivation, and the capabilities to attack humans. Although such super-AI are far out in the future, existing AI tools are already being used by cybercriminals to enhance the efficiency of their attacks. The immediate threat from AI includes three types of activities. First, AI gives attackers the ability to automate and enhance online cybercrime as we know it. Second, using AI opens new channels for cybercrime, including some reaching into physical space. A third type of attack using AI is against other AI systems, either in stealing confidential data or in corrupting the operation of AI algorithms to achieve the goals of the attacker. Information security professionals must be prepared for the immediate danger of malicious uses of current AI technologies.
Dark Web
Authors: Bedi Punam , Gupta Neha , Jindal Vinita
Published: February 2020

The World Wide Web is a part of the Internet that provides data dissemination facility to people. The contents of the Web are crawled and indexed by search engines so that they can be retrieved, ranked, and displayed as a result of users' search queries. These contents that can be easily retrieved using Web browsers and search engines comprise the Surface Web. All information that cannot be crawled by search engines' crawlers falls under Deep Web. Deep Web content never appears in the results displayed by search engines. Though this part of the Web remains hidden, it can be reached using targeted search over normal Web browsers. Unlike Deep Web, there exists a portion of the World Wide Web that cannot be accessed without special software. This is known as the Dark Web. This chapter describes how the Dark Web differs from the Deep Web and elaborates on the commonly used software to enter the Dark Web. It highlights the illegitimate and legitimate sides of the Dark Web and specifies the role played by cryptocurrencies in the expansion of Dark Web's user base.
Academic Integrity of Global Digital Masked Bandits Lurking the Deep and Dark Web
Authors: Ross David B. , Exposito Julie A. , Sasso Melissa T. , Matteson Cortney E. , Matteson Rande W.
Published: February 2020

Educators are faced with an important issue as it pertains to academic writing and research. There are many studies on academic dishonesty and cheating at all levels of education. Administrators and faculty in education need to be aware of the entrepreneurial gravity of this scheme and be proactive in communication by informing all stakeholders to develop policies to this academic epidemic. This article will also research the motives of academic dishonesty, deep web schemes to defraud, avoidance of criminal prosecution, and non-conventional intellectual warfare while making recommendations for internal change and reform. The purpose of this article is to enlighten practitioners and researchers to include students and educational administrators about the growing concern of plagiarism, unintentional plagiarism, defrauding funding sources, governmental agencies, educational institutions, perspective employers, and affixing serious long-term consequences and liability to participants and placing a negative stigma on brand reputation and further stress on academia.
Modus Operandi in Cybercrime
Authors: Pospisil Bettina , Huber Edith , Quirchmayr Gerald , Seboeck Walter
Published: February 2020

Even though we are not aware of it most of the time, we often recognize our opposite because of his/her way or method of doing something, also called modus operandi, before we can see his/her face. Especially in the field of crime studies, the modus operandi represents an important concept for learning about offenders and their approach. While it is already a well-known method to analyze the modus operandi of offenders in traditional crime investigations, this is not yet commonly used in cybercrime. The most important reason for this omission currently is the lack of insight into the approach of a cybercriminal. In this article, the term “modus operandi in cybercrime” will be discussed. The objectives of this article are (1) to demonstrate why a valid definition has to take into account the highly interdisciplinary nature of the field, (2) to explain how the modus operandi in cybercrime could look like in practice, and (3) to present recommendations and a conclusion on what should be kept in mind when talking about the modus operandi in the context of cybercrime.
The Globalization of Hybrid Warfare and the Need for Plausible Deniability
Authors: DeDominicis Benedict E.
Published: February 2020

Nuclear powers battle indirectly through competitive interference within the political systems of third actors in addition to targeting not only each other, but also their own national public opinion. Postwar global human rights norms developed to include national self-determination for all. Covert intervention became politically preferable domestically to avoid negative domestic political reactions to perceived imperialism. Covert intervention decreases political resistance and costs to the intervenor. The nature of social media content distribution makes propaganda and disinformation distribution very extensive at relatively very low cost. These trends and advantages furthered the stress on covert intervention and the formation of national security bureaucracies for engaging in it. Russian state agency internet-based covert intervention via social media in the 2016 US national elections demonstrated that the US is part of the politically globalizing postmodern world that it helped create after 1945. The surveillance capabilities of the national security state will be strengthened.