bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identifikasi Struktur Bawah Permukaan Gunung Tandikat Menggunakan Metode Gravitasi Berdasarkan Data Satelit
Authors: Trimulyati Wildah , Putra Ardian
Published: July 2022

Pada penelitian ini dilakukan identifikasi struktur bawah permukaan sekitar Gunung Tandikat dengan metode gravitasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi jenis batuan dan patahan bawah permukaan dengan anomali bouguer lengkap. Data yang digunakan merupakan data Free Anomaly Air (FAA) dan topografi dari web TOPEX dengan total titik pengamatan berjumlah 49 titik. Data FAA dan Topografi diolah menggunakan software global mapper, oasis montaj dan Ms. Excel. Hasil dari slicing 2D daerah penelitian terdiri dari batuan dasar dan akibat aktivitas vulkanik.Â  Batuan tesebut terdiri dari batuan andesit Kaldera Maninjau dengan densitas 2,4 g/cm3, tuff lapili dengan densitas 2,12 g/cm3, batuan lavas atau breksi gunung api dengan densitas 2,9 g/cm3, batuan Sekis dengan densitas 2,64 g/cm3, batuan Limestone dengan densitas 1,93 g/cm3. Dugaan keberadaan panas bumi berada pada sekitar titik A, terdapat batuan breksi gunug api dengan jarak wisata air panas 3,5 km. Analisis derivative dilakukan untuk menentukan jenis dan lokasi patahan pada tiga lintasan. Hasil lintasan digitasi pada First Horizontal Derivative dan Second Vertical Derivative didapat empat patahan, dengan tiga patahan normal dan sisanya merupakan patahan naik.
Pengaruh Teknik Asimilasi Penakar Hujan Brandes Spatial Adjustment terhadap Quantitative Precipitation Estimation (QPE) Radar BMKG Padang
Authors: Saputra Agung Hari , Lukita Nur Riska , Oktarina Sirly
Published: July 2022

Estimasi curah hujan kuantitatif (QPE) dengan tingkat akurasi spasial yang baik dan temporal yang tinggi dapat diperoleh dari instrumen radar cuaca. Namun, terdapat limitasi dalam pengamatan radar cuaca karena efek blocking dan adanya ground clutter. Sehingga pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan perbaikan kualitas data radar dengan mereduksi ground clutter menggunakan clutter map. Setelah perbaikan kualitas data radar akan dilakukan asimilasi data radar dengan data penakar hujan guna mengurangi kesalahan dan meningkatkan akurasi estimasi curah hujan. Data penakar hujan memiliki akurasi yang tinggi namun, informasi yang dikumpulkan masih berupa titik yang tidak terdistribusi secara merata sehingga tingkat keterwakilan spasialnya masih terbatas. Asimilasi curah hujan dengan data penakar hujan dapat dilakukan dengan metode Brandes Spatial Adjusment (BRA). Metode BRA memerhatikan jarak antara grid point dengan penakar hujan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa metode tersebut dapat mengurangi kesalahan estimasi namun tidak secara signifikan mengurangi kesalahan estimasi curah hujan.
On the distribution of Arioge germainii (Signoret) and Encedonia mutica (Signoret) (Heteroptera: Coreidae)
Authors: FAÚNDEZ Eduardo I.
Published: July 2022

The distribution of Arioge germainii and Encedonia mutica is reviewed and discussed. Some corrections are made on previous known localities for A. germainii and a new record from Maule Region in Chile is provided. The first specific locality data for E. mutica is provided, with records from Araucanía region in Chile and Neuquén Province in Argentina.
A FINITE ELEMENT MODEL FOR THE STUDY OF THE CREEP AND SHRINKAGE EFFECTS IN THE PARTIALLY PRESTRESSED CONTINUOUS COMPOSITE BEAMS
Authors: Burhan Mazin
Published: July 2022

A finite element model for the study of the creep, shrinkage and tensile stiffness between cracks effects in partially prestressed continuous composite beams with deformable shear connections is proposed in this paper.The algorithm used is very general and allows the adoption of an arbitrary viscous law expressed in integral form and any load history. By means of simple numerical comparisons, the potentials of the proposed formulation are shown. This model, due to its simplicity, can be easy implemented in an analytical program.
Agentes de viajes de Curitiba / PR ‐ Brasil,y sus representaciones sociales en relación a las innovaciones tecnológicas
Authors:   Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul(Brasil), Bonfim Izac de Oliveira Belino , Teles Margarete Araujo ,   Universidade Federal do Paraná (Brasil), Gomes Bruno M. A. ,   Universidade Federal do Paraná (Brasil), Salinas Chavez Eros ,   Universidad de La Habana (Cuba)
Published: July 2022

Since the last years of the 20th century, travel and tourism agencies have undergone technologi‑ cal transformations and changes in their work activities. Technological innovations have led to increased competition and market changes facilitated by the advent of the Internet and information and communica‑ tion technologies (ICT). Based on this analysis, this research aimed at identifying the Social Representations (SR) of Travel Agents (TAs) in relation to technological innovations. The design of this study was based on documentary and bibliographic research, with a qualitative approach and the use of semi‑structured inter‑ views. The Social Representations of agency professionals indicate the need for constant staff training and investment in technology in order to remain in the travel and tourism agency segment.
New sustainable practices in health and wellness tourism destinations focused on the quality of life and wellbeing
Authors:   Polythecnic Institute of Guarda (Portugal), Guerra Ricardo Jorge da Costa , Trentin Fábia , Vila -Chã Carolina ,   Polythecnic Institute of Guarda (Portugal)
Published: July 2022

This work presents new practices that can be followed in health and wellness tourism destinations, with a greater focus on promoting human wellbeing, based on the strategy presented for the Caldas da Cavaca Thermal Spa Resort in Portugal. In this study, the methodology used was based on empirical data collection. Four techniques were used, namely a benchmarking strategy, complemented by questionnaires to managers of thermal spas, and a questionnaire survey aimed at the clients and managers of Caldas da Cavaca. In this strategy, a set of 40 strategic actions were defined. These actions are in line with the policies and strategies defined by public decision‑making international, national, regional and local organizations. In this sense, with regard to the promotion of quality of life and wellbeing, it is possible to highlight 14 measures that strengthen this orientation. Caldas da Cavaca should position itself as an innovative, attractive thermal wellness destination that invites a healthy lifestyle, in a calm and peaceful environment in interaction with nature
Dualismo turístico durante la Guerra Civil Española. Salvaguarda del patrimonio cultural vs. promoción turística
Authors:   Universidad de Huelva (España), Martín Ruiz Elisa
Published: July 2022

This article aims at analysing tourism during the Spanish Civil War. As soon as the war broke out, the country and existing tourism management clashed. In that context of interests, each of the opposing sides –republicans and nationals– were to carry out a series of tourist initiatives to the ends of propaganda. As a result of both efforts, a dual image of the country was received abroad. The historical and cultural heri‑ tage would play a key role in formulating the different tourism strategies during the war. However, with the advent of the Franco dictatorship, the General Directorate of Tourism opted for policies oriented toward the “new” tourist model: sun and sand. This research is aimed at offering an overview of the two separate initia‑ tives in order to better understand the subsequent impact on the history of Spanish tourism.
Comunes bioculturales y el kimün: experiencias turísticas de comunidades mapuche del Biobío
Authors:   Universidad de Concepción (Chile), Cid Aguayo Beatriz Eugenia , Mella Abalos Magaly ,   Universidad del Bío-Bío (Chile), Beroiza Cristián ,   Universidad Austral de Chile (Chile), Arias Loreto ,   Universidad de Concepción (Chile), Callupe Gloria ,   Universidad de la Frontera (Chile), Amigo Andrés ,   Universidad de Concepción (Chile), Moya Jorge Eduardo ,   Universidad de Concepción (Chile)
Published: July 2022

In Chile, the Mapuche people have developed various tourist activities within a challenging ter‑ ritorial context characterised by the presence of extractive industries, government development projects and sites of historical mobilisations to defend political and territorial demands. We have studied three Mapuche tourist experiences, located in the centre‑South of Chile, seeking to answer how these communities organize, re‑interpret themselves and manage tourist activities. In particular, we have focussed on how tourism par‑ ticipates in the creation and caring for common bio‑cultural resources, and how these resources are inter‑ culturally articulated within the kimün, knowledge, and community wisdom of the Mapuche world. In this way, processes of symbolic reappropriation are triggered and re‑interpreted in the socio‑material production of the territory, favouring development processes appropriate to the place, in other words, Kume Mogen.
MODERNIZATION AND TESTING OF A DEVICE FOR RESTORING AUTOMOBILE SPRINGS
Authors:   North-Caucasus Federal University, Stavropol, Russia, Zemlyanushnov N. A. , Zemlyanushnova N. Yu. ,   North-Caucasus Federal University, Stavropol, Russia
Published: July 2022

Abstract. The relevance of study is determined by development of technologies that allow restoring operational parameters of springs used in automobile transport, achieving an increase in durability of components and assemblies in which they are included. A general block diagram model of research methods for improving technology of restoring automobile springs is presented. For technological operation of stretching springs, it is necessary to use a device for stretching springs. The known devices have not found wide application in the conditions of car repair enterprises. The disadvantage of the considered device for stretching springs is complexity of design and limitations of its use for stretching springs with different geometries. The purpose of this work is to improve the device for stretching springs. The device design based on the use of settling surface and a schematic diagram of known device is proposed. In the proposed design of the device, labor-intensive T-shaped grooves used to make contact of support rollers with threaded mandrel by moving lunette and roller contact with spring coil by moving the head are replaced, respectively by non-labor-intensive oval holes in base of lunette and by fork moved in hole of head. The design of device is suitable for stretching springs with a different pitch of turns and internal diameter, for which it is necessary to make appropriate nut with threaded mandrel and ring and roller for clamping the spring, without making the device again, which gives an economic effect. The spring stretching device has been manufactured and tested. According to test results, height of springs during tension was increased by an average of 4.9 mm. Thus, in order to perform subsequent technological operations restoring the power and geometric parameters after stretching of internal valve springs of VAZ cars, an allowance of 6.5 mm is provided. The proposed device design is recommended in design and manufacture of devices for restoring parameters of large springs used in automobile transport, for example, suspension springs.
Anatomy of the optic radiations from the white matter fiber dissection perspective: A literature review applied to practical anatomical dissection
Authors: Rodrigues Eduardo Mello , Isolan Gustavo Rassier , Becker Lia Grub , Dini Leandro Infantini , Vaz Marco Antônio Schlindwein , Frigeri Thomas More
Published: July 2022

Background:

Knowledge of the anatomical course of the optic radiations and its relationship to medial temporal lobe structures is of great relevance in preoperative planning for surgery involving the temporal lobe to prevent damage that may result in postsurgical visual field deficits.

Methods:

In this anatomical study, we reviewed the literature on this topic and applied the information to practical anatomical dissection. The three-dimensional relationship between the course of the optic radiations and structures accessed in the main microneurosurgical approaches to the medial temporal lobe was examined by applying Klingler’s white matter fiber dissection technique to five formalin-fixed human brains. The dissections were performed with an operating microscope at magnifications of ×3–×40. High-resolution images were acquired during dissection for identification of the anatomical structures, focusing on the characterization of the course of the optic radiations in relation to medial temporal lobe structures.

Results:

In all five dissected brains, we could expose and clearly define the relationship between the optic radiations and medial temporal lobe structures, improving our understanding of these complex structures.

Conclusion:

The knowledge gained by studying these relationships will help neurosurgeons to develop risk-adjusted approaches to prevent damage to the optic radiations in the medial temporal region, which may result in a disabling visual field deficit.
Spheno-orbital meningiomas: Is orbit reconstruction mandatory? Long-term outcomes and exophthalmos improvement
Authors: Santos Alexandra Gomes dos , Paiva Wellingson Silva , da Roz Leila Maria , Santo Marcelo Prudente do Espirito , Teixeira Manoel Jacobsen , Figueiredo Eberval G. , da Silva Vinicius Trindade Gomes
Published: July 2022

Background:

Meningiomas correspond to one-third of all primary central nervous system tumors. Approximately 9% of them are spheno-orbital meningiomas (SOMs), presenting significant clinical symptoms as visual impairment and orbital esthetics. This article aims to evaluate exophthalmos’ improvement in a surgical series without orbital reconstruction.

Methods:

We consecutively included all patients diagnosed with SOM, admitted to a single institution for 10 years. Surgical resection was the standard of care, associated or not with adjuvant radiation therapy. The radiological investigation included preoperative and postoperative head CT or MRI. We quantified proptosis through imaging.

Results:

Forty patients composed this series, 87.5% were female. Proptosis was the most common presentation (90%), followed by decreased visual acuity (65%), motility deficit (20%), and headache (20%). Gross total resection was achieved in 65% of the procedures. In late outcomes, 78% of the patients maintained or improved visual acuity and 85% maintained or improved headache. Proptosis significantly improved after surgery and along with the follow-up (P < 0.001). Ten patients were submitted to adjuvant RT, six of them after a subtotal resection. All patients of this subgroup had proptosis. It was observed a higher frequency of worse in visual acuity in patients submitted to RT (71% vs. 28%, P = 0.038).

Conclusion:

Resection of SOM was sufficient to stop the evolution of visual deficit and allowed the improvement of proptosis. Orbital reconstruction does not seem to be an essential step in reducing enophthalmos.
Repeat laser interstitial thermal therapy for recurrent primary and metastatic intracranial tumors
Authors: Muir Matthew , Traylor Jeffrey I. , Gadot Ron , Patel Rajan , Prabhu Sujit S.
Published: July 2022

Background:

Repeat craniotomy in patients with primary and metastatic brain tumors carries significant morbidity and can delay adjuvant treatments. Repeat laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) for recurrent disease has been described and could benefit patients with limited cytoreductive options. We aim to describe the indications, safety, and efficacy of repeat LITT for recurrent primary and metastatic intracranial tumors.

Methods:

Patients undergoing repeat ablations for the same lesion were included in the study. We retrospectively analyzed 13 patients treated with 29 total LITT ablations.

Results:

Eleven patients were treated for glioblastoma (GBM), while two had brain metastases. Eleven patients had LITT performed only 2 times, while three patients underwent three total iterations of LITT for disease recurrence. Median length of stay after the 1st ablation was 2 days, while the median length of stay after the 2nd ablation was 1 day. The median time to resuming adjuvant treatments after the 1st LITT was 11 days. The median time to resuming adjuvant treatments after the 2nd LITT was 28 days. Four patients after the 1st and 2nd LITT sustained deficits persisting through 30-day follow-up. The median progression-free survival among the GBM patients from the first ablation was 6.0 months, 3.2 months from the 2nd ablation, and 2.1 months from the 3rd ablation.

Conclusion:

Recurrent tumors, especially GBM, can be safely treated using repeat LITT when surgery cannot be effectively performed. Our results indicate that patients tolerate the procedure well and have a meaningful survival given the salvage nature of the procedure.
Code mixing analysis used in Ria SW youtube channel
Authors: Pradinta Silma Novasabilla , Ambarwati Rosita , Kuswardani Yuli
Published: July 2022

This study focuses about the phenomena of code mixing in Ria SW Youtube Channel because she is a food vlogger who often mix the language with English to interpret the clear explanation about food so it can be understood by others. The objectives of this study are to describe the type of code mixing and the social factors influence the used of code mixing in Ria SW Youtube Channel. The research approach used to analyze the data is descriptive qualitative approach. As the theory used, the writer described based on the theory of Hoffman (1991) to analyze the types of code mixing and the theory of Weinreich (1963) to analyze the factors of code mixing. The writer collected the data from three videos which are Taipei Street Food #02, Unique Food in Singapore #05, and Hello Bali #01. The result demonstrates that there are three types of code mixing which are intra-sentential code mixing about 132 data or 75%, intra-lexical code mixing about 30 data or 17%, and involving a change of pronunciation about 14 data or 8%. Intra-sentential code mixing is the dominant occurrence of code mixing used in Ria SW Youtube Channel because the speaker inserts English words in the middle or at the end of the utterances. Furthermore, there are five social factors of code mixing which are low frequency words about 138 data or 78%, oversight about 21 data or 12%, synonym about 8 data or 5%, pernicious homonym about 6 data or 3%, and social value about 3 data or 2%. The dominant social factor influenced the use of code mixing in Ria SW Youtube Channel is low frequency words because the term or word in the English language is easier to remember and have stable meaning.
Online Learning Platform as MALL Application Due to Covid-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yuliawati Lilik
Published: July 2022

COVID-19 pandemic forces the change of education system in Indonesia from conventional to online because of the face-to-face learning prohibition from the Indonesian government. In such situation, Mobile Assisted Language Learning (MALL) is needed, and some online learning platforms are provided by higher education institutions, one of which is MyBest. This research aimed to determine students’ perception towards MyBest as online learning platform. Mixed Method using quantitative and qualitative data was applied in this research. Data were collected by giving questionnaire and doing interview with the students of Bina Sarana Informatika University as respondents. The research results showed that most of the students gave positive opinion about this platform because it could help them learn the lesson better. Yet, they also faced some problems in using it such as low internet connection and uncomfortable eyes when reading a long text on screen.
The effectiveness of videoscribe as innovative media to increase students reading comprehension
Authors: Sarifah Roudatus , Ulfa Siti Maria
Published: July 2022

The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of using videoscribe media learning on students' reading comprehension. We can create the content of reading use videoscribe with combine text and image in one video, so teaching learning proses doesnt monotonous and student can enjoyed to read. So it can help improved students reading comprehension. The design of this study was Pre-Experimental design. Thus, one classrooms containing the total of 15 students of eight grade at SMP AN NUR FUADI Bangkalan were selected as the sample. In collecting the data, pre-test and post-test were utilized to assess students’ comprehension abilities before and after the treatment. In analyzing the data, the t-tests (paired sample, and independent sample) were run in SPSS. The result is score post-test students is higher than pre-test score of studets. So the researcher conclude videoscribe media can applied in teaching reading to help teacher improved students reading comprehension.
Using Cooperative Learning Methods (STAD and Think Pair and Share) to improve the Students’ Reading Comprehension
Authors: Sitorus Marudut , Harvey Pamela
Published: July 2022

This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of using cooperative learning methods in developing the students’ reading ability in English class and their attitudes toward cooperative learning. The research focused on the students’ interest to study English by working in groups and how their academic achievement increased. The research was conducted in a Christian school in Kalimantan. The data was obtained by giving students a questionnaire, reading test and observation of the application of STAD (Student Team Achievement Division) and Think Pair and Share cooperative methods in the two cycles. The STAD cooperative method was applied in the first cycle; and Think pair and Share was applied in the second cycle. After collecting and analyzing the data, the researcher noted that these two cooperative methods helped to develop the students’ reading skills because they helped understand the story and the vocabulary. The questionnaire given to the students also showed that the majority of the students liked to learn through cooperative learning activity because they liked to share their ideas.
Translation Analysis of Subtitle from English into Indonesian in Maleficent Movie
Authors: Kuswardani Yuli , Septiani Erike
Published: July 2022

This research aims at analysing subtitle in Maleficent movie. The research purposes are to analyze the clarity, accuracy and naturalness. Research approach is qualitative research. Research type is library research. Data are required from script of Maleficent movie, reader and experts‘ evaluation. This research uses documentation as data collecting technique. Researchers use investigator triangulation to make research can be trusted. Result of research shows: (1) clarity of subtitle is high with presentation of clear sentences is 77%, less clear sentence is 19.8% and unclear sentence is 3.2%; (2¬) accuracy of subtitle is high with presentation of accurate translation is 82.5%, less accurate is 14.5% and inaccurate translation is 3%; (3) naturalness of subtitle is high, with presentation of natural translation is 79.2% (1st expert) and 77.1% (2nd expert), less natural translation is 18.3 (1st expert) and 2.4 (2nd expert), and unnatural translaton is 22.3% (1st expert) and 1.6% (2nd expert).<table class="MsoNormalTable" style="width: 444.85pt; border-collapse: collapse; border: none; mso-border-alt: solid windowtext .5pt; mso-yfti-tbllook: 1184; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-border-insideh: .5pt solid windowtext; mso-border-insidev: .5pt solid windowtext;" width="593" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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Learning Educational Values from Harry Potter Character
Authors: Pradini Iswanda Meiliestya , Utami I.G.A Lokita Purnamika , Mahendrayana Gede
Published: July 2022

Implementing a good character education from an early age will form a qualified personality for children. Societies use novels in embedding the value of character education. This research aimed to analyze the characterization of Harry Potter in a novel entitled “Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows”. The character was analysed based on five core values of character education proposed by the Ministry of Education and Culture of Indonesia; religious, nationalist, independent, mutual cooperation, & integrity. This research was conducted in descriptive qualitative research design. The data collection technique used were close reading and note taking. The obtained information were analyzed through textual analysis. Data triangulation, theory triangulation, and investigator triangulation were used to check the trustworthiness of the data. The findings showed that Harry Potter had 20 characterizations and 11 values of character education which were portrayed through the action, speech, and direct description by the author in the story. Relating to the context of Indonesian’s character building used as a research foundation, some identified characterizations have occupied the five cores values mentioned. The religious and mutual cooperation values were more emphasized in the whole story. Implication related to the use of this finding as a future learning-material was provided
Teaching Writing Recount Text by Using Powtoon Video
Authors: Ningsih Nuri Ati
Published: July 2022

Powtoon. video and finding the advantages of using it. This research was a qualitative descriptive method.  It was done in class IX of SMPN 6 Madiun. The sample of this research is class IX H. The data were collected by doing observation, interview, and documentation. Then, it was analyzed through three techniques. They involve data reduction. Displaying data, conclusion and verification. The result of reserach shows that using Powtoon. Powtoon video in teaching writing recount text done in three-phase technique. It involves pre activities, main activities and post activities. The process of writing done based on Linses’ theory. Those are pre writing, writing, revising, editing and publishing. Powtoon video was played twice. First, it was played in pre activities to stimulate the students' understanding of the material. Second, it was used in main activities specifically in revising step to make sure the students about their works. The advantages of using Powtoon video in writing class are; (1) creating a joyful class; (2) raising the students’ motivation and enthusiasm in writing; (3) realize the students to be independent learners; and (4) develop the teachers’ creativity.
Syntactic Word Order between Indonesian and English: Building a Concept through Contrastive Analysis in Academic Writing
Authors: Azami Mochamad Imron , Sholihah Fitri Awaliyatush
Published: July 2022

This study focuses more on syntactic word order through identify the language structure of simple sentence both Indonesian and English in argumentative essay made by English education department students at University of Islam Malang and analyze it by contrastive analysis (CA). The significance of this research is to cover the students’ difficulties in academic writing process by using contrastive analysis and to identify the highlight point of the structure differences between Bahasa Indonesia (L1) and English (L2). The researcher used qualitative method by collecting 10 students’ argumentative essay both in Indonesia and in English. The results show that the common pattern occurs in the students’ argumentative essay is SVO and the other patterns are S-V(Aux)-O, NP-S-V-O, Conj-S-V-O, S-V-O-V, S-S-V-O and Conj-NP-S-V-O. While in Indonesian are Subjek-Predikat (SV), Subjek-Predikat-Objek (SVO), Subjek-Predikat-Pelengkap (SVC), Subjek-Predikat-Objek-Pelengkap (SVOC), Subjek-Predikat-Objek-Keterangan (SVOA (Adverb)), Subjek-Predikat-Keterangan (SVA), Keterangan-Predikat-Subjek(AVS), and Subjek-Predikat-Keterangan-Pelengkap (SVAC). Students tended to write the argumentative essay in English inapropiately to the theory of simple sentence structure. While in Indonesian arguementative essay, they wrote properly based on the possible pattern of simple sentence in Indonesian.
Exploring Online Classroom Interaction Pattern: Students’ Perception of Online Classroom
Authors: Alwiyono Fajar Kresno , Munir Ahmad , Anam Syafi'ul
Published: July 2022

In this Covid-19 Pandemic situation, the teaching and learning process has different modes. Recently, teaching and learning have been done by online mode. In Indonesia, most of the teacher uses WhatsApp application as their main platform to be a bridge for teaching and learning. However, the teacher needs to use the other platform to assist the students especially in learning English. This research tried to investigate the online classroom interaction and the students’ perception toward online classroom interaction. Classroom interaction became a vital thing for the students in developing their English skills. This research used a qualitative method for interpreting the data. The findings showed that the IRF strategy was used by the teacher. Furthermore, teacher–whole classroom, and teacher–student interaction also happened in the finding of the research. Moreover, the students here had a good perception of online classroom interaction. Yet, they felt that offline meeting was also important. Hence, the students hoped that it could be done balance between online and offline classroom. Besides that, even the students claimed that they prefer online classroom, yet there were some challenges that students faced such as insufficient internet data, unstable signals, and crowded written platform.
Subsidi Pertanian Amerika Serika Dalam Kasus Perang Dagang Amerika Serikat dan China Tahun 2018-2019
Authors: Sitaresmi Anisa Galuh , Wijayanti Hasna , Haqqi Halifa
Published: July 2022

The beginning of the trade war between the United States and China was caused by the imposition of United States tariffs on several Chinese products. The imposition of these tariffs led to retaliatory tariffs from China against the United States. China's retaliatory tariffs have an impact on one of the United States' sectors, namely the agricultural sector. The United States agricultural sector is an important sector in the agricultural trade sector in the United States. With the retaliation of tariffs, the agricultural sector experienced a significant decline. In response to this incident, the United States government made a policy to overcome this problem by making a new policy, namely subsidies. This study aims to describe and find out how the implementation of United States agricultural subsidies in the case of the 2018-2019 trade war using qualitative methods and data sources sought using primary and secondary data. To analyze this research, the writer uses neoclassical theory and national interest to find out how the implementation and perspective of the policy are. The results of this study indicate that there are 3 programs implemented by the United States to overcome the trade war, namely MFP, FPDP, ATP. However, these programs reap many pros and cons. The subsidy policy is a policy that endangers the United States economy because it disrupts the market mechanism.
Analisis Efisiensi Faktor-Faktor Produksi Usahatani Jeruk Keprok Terigas di Kecamatan Tebas Kabupaten Sambas
Authors: Didk Didik
Published: July 2022

The main purpose of this research is to find the production factors that influenced Terigas Citrus Farming Production and its efficiency. The research is conducted in Tebas district, which known as one of Terigas Citrus production center. We use survey method with 30 samples Terigas citrus farmers. This study uses the analysis of the Cobb-Douglass production function, the data is processed using the SPSS version 17 program and the analysis of the efficiency of the factors of production is done by comparing the value of the marginal product (NPM) to the average price of the factors of production (Px).The results showed that the use of production factors farming Citrus Terigas in the form of land, labor in the family, outside of family labor, urea, NPK, TSP fertilizer, organic fertilizer, herbicides and insecticides simultaneously affect to the production of Terigas citrus farming. Production factors of land and insecticides are partially significant affected the production of Tangerines Terigas. While labor in the family, outside of family labor, urea, NPK, TSP fertilizer, organic fertilizer and herbicides have no significant effect on the production of Terigas Citrus. The use of production factors farming citrus Terigas in District Tebas Sambas Regency in the form of land, labor in the family, outside of family labor, urea, NPK fertilizer, organic fertilizer, herbicide use yet efficient means of production factors that need to be added, while fertilizer TSP and insecticide use is inefficient means the use of production factors TSP fertilizer and insecticides should be reduced
PENAMBAHAN KULIT BATANG POHON BAWANG HUTAN (Scorodocarpus borneensis Becc) TERHADAP KUALITAS GULA KELAPA
Authors: Fitri Sari Wahyuni , Dewi Yohana S Kusuma , Raharjo Dwi
Published: July 2022

Traditionally, palm sugar was processed by evaporation of sap coconut which was added to stem bark of Vatica leucocarpa. However, now its rarely found, so that the alternative substitute for Vatica leucocarpa with stem bark of wood garlic. The goal of this research was to determine the quality palm sugar that was processed by addition of wood garlic stem bark. The research design was used a randomized block design. The treatments of stem bark concentration were stem bark of wood garlic 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; and 6 g /l of nira, and stem bark of Vatica leucocarpa 3 g/l of nira, each treatments have 4 replications. Characteristics produced of the sap were a pH of 5,15 and the total soluble solid of 16,28obrix. The characteristics of palm sugar include water content (7,42%), ash (1,05%), total acidity (0,07%), total dissolved solids (81,25obrix) and the sensory characteristics include color 3,48 (brown), texture 3,72 (hard) and taste 3,72 (sweet). The result showed that the best quality of palm sugar was produced by addition stem bark of wood garlic 2 gr/l of sap.
A Comparative study of TOA in diluents for Reactive Extraction of Succinic Acid
Authors: Mokashi Amruta , Patil Kiran , Kodolikar Shilpa
Published: July 2022

Succinic acid recovery from the aqueous phase is an intrinsic downstreaming process because of its numerous applications in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Distillation, sorption, adsorption, membrane, dialysis, and electrodialysis these are the conventional methods used for acid separation. Apart from these methods, a novel technique developed called reactive extraction that delivers good selectivity and yield. Separation of succinic acid from its aqueous phase was investigated in a recent work using a tertiary amine, such as tri-n-octyl amine (TOA), with different diluents. The study based on the acid concentration ranged from 0.14 to 0.5 mol/kg, while the TOA concentration ranged from 0.11 to 0.57mol/kg to study the parameters like the distribution coefficient, loading ratio, equilibrium complexation constant, and degree of extraction. The physical extraction of succinic acid by using these three diluents was done. As compare to physical extraction, reactive extraction gives better separation efficiency. The comparison of results by using different diluents in TOA was studied. The best result was obtained at the initial concentration of acid 0.26 mol/kg and initial concentration of TOA 0.57 mol/kg in the benzyl alcohol that gives 99.44 % extraction efficiency. The order of extraction power for the diluents was found to be benzyl alcohol > 2-octanol > 1-decanol. Keywords: succinic acid; reactive extraction; distribution coefficient; degree of extraction
Bond breaking of furan-maleimide adducts via a diradical sequential mechanism under an external mechanical force
Authors: Cardosa-Gutierrez Manuel , De Bo Guillaume , Duwez Anne-Sophie , Remacle Francoise
Published: July 2022

Substituted furan-maleimide Diels-Alder adducts are bound by dynamical covalent bonds that make them particularly attractive mechanophores. Thermally activated [4+2] retro Diels-Alder (DA) reactions predominantly proceed via a concerted mechanism on the ground electronic state. We show that an asymmetric stretching direction along the anchoring bonds in both the endo and exo isomers of proximal dimethyl furan-maleimide adducts favors a sequential pathway. The switching from a concerted to a sequential mechanism occurs at external forces ≈ 1nN. The first bond rupture occurs for a projection of the pulling force on the scissile bond ≈ 4 nN for the exo adduct and ≈ 4.5 nN for the endo one. The reaction is inhibited for external forces up to ≈3.1 nN for the endo adduct and 3.6 nN the exo one after which it is activated. In the activated region, at 4 nN, the rupture rate of the first bond for the endo adduct is computed to be ≈ 2 orders of magnitude larger than for exo one in qualitative agreement with recent sonication experiments [ Z. Wang, S. L. Craig, Chemical Communications 2019, 55, 12263-12266.] In the intermediate region of the path between the rupture of the first and the second bond the lowest singlet state exhibits a diradical character for both adducts and is close in energy to a diradical triplet state. The computed values of spin-orbit coupling along the path are too small for inducing intersystem crossings. These findings open the way for the rational design of DA mechanophores.
Enabling batch and microfluidic non-thermal plasma chemistry: reactor design and testing
Authors: Roszkowska Patrycja , Dickenson Aaron , Higham Jonathan , Easun Timothy , Walsh James , Slater Anna
Published: July 2022

Non-Thermal Plasma (NTP) is a promising state of matter for carrying out chemical reactions. NTP offers high densities of reactive species, without the need for a catalyst, while operating at atmospheric pressure and remaining at moderate temperature. Despite its potential, NTP cannot be used comprehensively in reactions until we understand more about the complex interactions of NTP and liquids. To achieve this, NTP reactors that can overcome challenges with solvent evaporation, enable inline data collection, and achieve high selectivity, high yield, and high throughput are required. Here, we detail the construction of i) a microfluidic reactor for chemical reactions using NTP in organic solvents and ii) a corresponding batch setup for control studies and scale-up. The use of microfluidics enables controlled generation of NTP and subsequent mixing with reaction media without loss of solvent. The construction of a low-cost custom mount enables inline optical emission spectroscopy using a fibre optic probe at points along the fluidic pathway.
Distillation Operations: Methods, Operational and Design Issues
Authors: Patil Kiran
Published: July 2022

Distillation is one of the oldest and most common methods for the purification of liquids. It has been used for centuries to concentrate dilute alcoholic beverages and to obtain perfumes from fruits and flowers. In this paper various methods of distillation, operating principles, equipment for distillation are discussed in detail. Various design and operating policies for binary distillation columns are discussed with objective of maximizing production rate. Significant increasing in capacity can be realized by optimum design of column-i.e. number of trays, trays hold up, reflux drum hold up etc. and optimum operation- i.e. reflux ratio and start up procedure. Equipment and column size issues discussed here may be useful to practicing engineers in early stage of distillation design. Some issues in the design and operation of a batch and continuous distillation column are addressed. Key words: distillation operations, methods, distillation equipment, operational and design Issues
Sustainable Green Chemical Technology for Developments in Process Industries
Authors: Patil Kiran
Published: July 2022

The environmental and climate issues facing across the world are widely recognized as serious problems. Therefore, green technologies and ecological sustainable development is need of the hour as the quality of life is worsening. We have had major progress in technology causing depletion of natural life sustaining resources, especially clean air and water. These problems are causing considerable environmental, economic and social impairment on a worldwide scale. Sustainable development implies that renewable resources should be used wherever possible and that non-renewable resources should be husbanded (e.g., reduced and recycled) to extend their viability for generations to come. The paper will present the trend towards sustainability and green technologies in the chemical process industry (CPI). A broad review of state-of-the-art green technologies in the understanding and application of sustainability with few case studies highlighting the economic benefits of adopting green processes from a chemical engineering viewpoint is addressed. Green technologies increasingly uses renewable resources; reduce wastes, pollutants, emissions; recover, reuse and recycle; reduce the pressure on natural resources and restore the balance of the eco-system and biosphere and ultimately help in providing "ecologically sustainable development". These technologies are, therefore, viable, cost-effective, environmentally advanced and most appropriate to the climatic, economical, geographical, ecological and social conditions of the country. This aim can only be achieved by developing new environmentally friendly, safe and non-toxic materials and their based innovative technologies. Therefore CPI must promote sustainable development by investing in green technologies and ensure increased adherence to safety, health and environmental standards. Keywords: Green technologies, sustainable development, environmental, CPI, renewable resource
ELECTRONIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THIOPHENES
Authors: Курочкин Георгий Александрович , Русакова Наталья Петровна , Туровцев Владимир Владимирович
Published: July 2022

Методом B3LYP получено распределение электронной плотности тиофена, двух димеров тиофена с отличающимся положением атомов серы в кольцах и тримера. Проведено сравнение зарядов, относительной энергии и объемов групп с использованием «квантовой теории атомов в молекулах» (QTAIM). Рассмотрено изменение интегральных электронных характеристик углерода и метиновой группы в зависимости от положения S в конденсированных циклах и расстояния между атомами S.

The distribution of the electron density of thiophene, two dimers with different positions of sulfur atoms in the rings, and a trimer by the B3LYP method was obtained. The charges, relative energy, and volumes of groups are compared using the "quantum theory of atoms in molecules" (QTAIM). The change in the integral electronic characteristics of carbon and the methine group, which depends on the position and distance between sulfur atoms in thiophene rings, is considered.
THE USE OF ASH AND SLAG WASTE IN BUILDING COMPOSITIONS
Authors: Чалов Кирилл Вячеславович , Луговой Юрий Владимирович , Сульман Михаил Геннадьевич , Косивцов Юрий Юрьевич
Published: July 2022

В данной работе рассмотрена возможность использования золошлаковых отходов, образующихся от сжигания угля на теплоэлектростанциях, в качестве компонента строительных смесей. Представлен способ выделения из золошлаков следующих компонентов: угольный, магнитный и алюмосиликатный концентраты. Алюмосиликатный концентрат использовался в процессе изготовления минеральных вяжущих композиций и премиксов. Полученные образцы минеральных вяжущих композиций на основе гипса исследовались методами термогравиметрии и дифференциальной сканирующей калориметрии. Добавление алюмосиликатного концентрата улучшает эксплуатационные характеристики материала. В готовой композиции снижается водопоглощение и содержание равновесной влаги, что связано с изменением пористости и структуры материала.

This paper considers the possibility of using ash and slag waste generated from coal combustion at thermal power plants as a component of building mixtures. A method for separating the following components from ash and slag is presented: coal, magnetic and aluminosilicate concentrates. Aluminosilicate concentrate was used in the process of manufacturing mineral binders and premixes. The obtained samples of mineral binder compositions based on gypsum were studied by thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. The addition of an aluminosilicate concentrate improves the performance of the material. In the finished composition, water absorption and the content of equilibrium moisture are reduced, which is associated with a change in the porosity and structure of the material.
THE ROLE OF PHOSPHOINOSITIDES IN THE REGULATION OF PROLIFERATIVE PROCESSES IN THE ORGANISM
Authors: Дамиров Михаил Михайлович , Слюсарь Николай Николаевич
Published: July 2022

Представлены современные данные о структуре клеточных мембран и роли основных компонентов их - фосфоинозитидов (ФИН) в регуляции основных функций клеток. Основным барьером для потока информации является плазматическая мембрана клетки, в которой происходят механизмы, преобразующие внешние сигналы во внутриклеточные. Передача сигнала с мембранного рецептора на ядро происходит с помощью системы циклических нуклеотидов (цАМФ, цГМФ), кальция, инозитолтрифосфатов и диацилглицеролов. Создана унитарная решетчатая модель трансмембранного переноса сигналов. Важная роль ФИН в жизнедеятельности клеток связана с их непосредственным участием в регуляторной, транспортной, энергетической и пластической функциях биологических мембран.

Modern data on the structure of cell membranes and the role of their main components, phosphoinositides (PIN), in the regulation of basic cell functions are presented. The main barrier to the flow of information is the plasma membrane of the cell, in which there are mechanisms that convert external signals into intracellular ones. Signal transmission from the membrane receptor to the nucleus occurs with the help of a system of cyclic nucleotides (cAMP, cGMP), calcium, inositol triphosphates, and diacylglycerols. A unitary lattice model of transmembranal signal transduction has been created. The important role of FIN in the vital activity of cells is associated with their direct participation in the regulatory, transport, energy, and plastic functions of biological membranes
HETEROGENEOUS BIOCATALYSTS BASED ON PEROXIDASE AND GLUCOSE OXIDASE
Authors: Гребенникова Ольга Валентиновна
Published: July 2022

В работе описывается способ получения биферментых систем на основе глюкозооксидазы и пероксидазы корня хрена. Выбранные ферменты были ковалентно иммобилизованы на магнитные наночастиц, синтезированные методом со-осаждения, и неорганический носитель SiO. Образцы носителей были предварительно модифицированы и активированы. Полученные биокатализаторы тестировались в каскадной реакции окисления D-глюкозы и 2,2'-азино-бис-(3-этилбензтиозолин-6сульфокислоты) диаммониевой соли. Подобраны оптимальные условия работы биферментынх систем (температура 45 С, рН 6.0).

The paper describes a method for obtaining bienzymatic systems based on glucose oxidase and horseradish root peroxidase. The selected enzymes were covalently immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles synthesized by the coprecipitation method and an inorganic SiO support. The carrier samples were pre-modified and activated. The resulting biocatalysts were tested in a cascade oxidation reaction of D-glucose and 2,2'-azino-bis-(3ethylbenzthiozolin-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt. Optimum conditions for the operation of bienzymatic systems (temperature 45 C, pH 6.0) were selected.