bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Monitoring Driver's Sleepiness On-Board for Preventing Road Accidents
Authors: Papadelis Christos  , Lithari Chrysa  , Kourtidou-Papadeli Chrysoula  , Bamidis Panagiotis D.  , Portouli Evangelia  , Bekiaris Evangelos
Published: February 2025

Driver sleepiness due to sleep deprivation is a causative factor of many road accidents. Reducing the extent of the sleepy driving problem by developing a countermeasure device that will monitor the sleepiness level of the driver is crucial to improve the safety of the roads. Among numerous physiological measurements, the electroencephalographic (EEG) signal seems to be the most sensitive to detect sleepiness. Previous studies in the field have found consistent alterations of EEG signal during sleepy driving, though they face methodological limitations. We present here preliminary results from a real-driving experiment in which a more complete experimental setup was followed. The subjects were exposed to driving conditions twice: once after they had a normal sleep during the previous night, and once after they remained awake for at least 24 hours prior to the experiment. Significant alterations were observed in the alpha and beta EEG frequencies bands between the two sessions. Electroopthalmographic (EOG) measurements revealed an increased number of eye blinking during the sleep-deprived session in comparison to the control condition. Both measurements can be used for the successful design of a sleepiness detection countermeasure device.
Automatic Construction of Dictionaries, Application to Product Characteristics Indexing
Authors: Pereira Suzanne  , Plaisantin Blandine  , Korchia Michelle  , Rozanes Nicolas  , Serrot Elisabeth  , Joubert Michel  , Darmoni Stéfan J.
Published: February 2025

Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) indexing enables to extract all the information needed to analyze a prescription and find some inappropriate medications. We evaluate a French Multi-Terminology Indexer tool (F-MTI) for SPC automatic indexing. This tool uses a dictionary containing the textual forms that are likely to appear in natural language text for the drug clinical particular terms contained in the Vidal thesaurus (TUV). We developed a method to automatically generate this dictionary. The evaluation showed a precision of 52.9% and a recall of 46.2%. F-MTI will be integrated in a semi-automatic indexing tool.
Dynamic Data Analysis and Data Mining for Prediction of Clinical Stability
Authors: Van Loon Kristien  , Guiza Fabian  , Meyfroidt Geert  , Aerts Jean-Marie  , Ramon Jan  , Blockeel Hendrik  , Bruynooghe Maurice  , Van Den Berghe Greet  , Berckmans Daniel
Published: February 2025

This work studies the impact of using dynamic information as features in a machine learning algorithm for the prediction task of classifying critically ill patients in two classes according to the time they need to reach a stable state after coronary bypass surgery: less or more than nine hours. On the basis of five physiological variables different dynamic features were extracted. These sets of features served subsequently as inputs for a Gaussian process and the prediction results were compared with the case where only admission data was used for the classification. The dynamic features, especially the cepstral coefficients (aROC: 0.749, Brier score: 0.206), resulted in higher performances when compared to static admission data (aROC: 0.547, Brier score: 0.247). In all cases, the Gaussian process classifier outperformed logistic regression.
Patient Education on Safety and Privacy
Authors: Welzer Tatjana  , Hölbl Marko  , Družovec Marjan  , Kamišalić Aida  , Habjanič Ana
Published: February 2025

The individual's right to determine if, when and how data about them will be collected, stored, used and shared with others is called the right to privacy. The problem of data collection and sharing arises daily among health services. Among medical staff, there are numerous message flows, including the medical records of patients and other patient's personal data. These data are often completely unprotected and available to anyone who knows where it is. Unfortunately, the same data might not be available for patients, despite the fact that each individual has the right to view their own medical record and despite the fact that many other persons connected directly or indirectly to the patient has this access without limitations. In the paper, we will not concentrate on actions that medical staff has to perform nor on the knowledge that they have to have in order to protect a patient's personal data and enable a patient's access to their own data, but we will concentrate on the problem of educating patients about their rights and duties with regard to safety and privacy. Our educational suggestions will be given on the basis of corresponding Slovenian legislation and guidelines for medical staff regarding the protection of personal data.
Simulation of the Usage of Gaussian Mixture Models for the Purpose of Modelling Virtual Mass Spectrometry Data
Authors: Plechawska Małgorzata  , Polańska Joanna
Published: February 2025

This article presents the method of the processing of mass spectrometry data. Mass spectra are modelled with Gaussian Mixture Models. Every peak of the spectrum is represented by a single Gaussian. Its parameters describe the location, height and width of the corresponding peak of the spectrum. An authorial version of the Expectation Maximisation Algorithm was used to perform all calculations. Errors were estimated with a virtual mass spectrometer. The discussed tool was originally designed to generate a set of spectra within defined parameters.
Enabling Interoperability, Accessibility and Reusability of Virtual Patients across Europe – Design and Implementation
Authors: Zary Nabil  , Hege Inga  , Heid Jörn  , Woodham Luke  , Donkers Jeroen  , Kononowicz Andrzej A
Published: February 2025

Virtual Patients (VPs) have successfully been integrated into medical and healthcare curricula for a number of years. Lack of time and resources is a frequently reported problem encountered when developing VPs for teaching and learning. Consequently there is a need for cross-institutional repositories of VPs. The aims of the study were two-fold: to enable interoperability between virtual patient systems and to investigate if (and how) an application profile is implemented in four different types of VP systems. This European collaborative implementation of a blend of several specifications (Medbiquitous VP XML, Medbiquitous Healthcare LOM, and SCORM) is innovative and the study has shown a variation in how the application profile could be implemented.
Open Source Technologies for Dyslexic Pupils
Authors: Di Cerbo Francesco  , Dodero Gabriella  , Lorenzi Paolo
Published: February 2025

We describe how Open Source applications can be used to achieve aids for the integration at school of pupils suffering from dyslexia. The experience is based on speech synthesis tools, Festival and MBROLA, and requires a trilingual installation, supporting speech synthesis for Italian, German and English. Work is at present on going within some pilot schools of the Autonomous Province of Bolzano/Bozen, Italy.
A First-Order Cutting Process Ontology for Sheet Metal Parts
Authors: Grüninger Michael  , Delaval Arnaud
Published: February 2025

The semantic integration of manufacturing systems has been impeded by the lack of rigorous ontologies for specific domains of manufacturing processes and resources. In this paper we present a cutting process ontology for 2D shapes such as sheet metal parts, axiomatized in first-order logic. This ontology is an extension of the ontology of ISO 18629 (Process Specification Language) and an earlier shape ontology first used to support object recognition. The full ontology consists of an axiomatization of all possible ways to change a surface as the result of a cutting process and a taxonomy of cutting processes. All component ontologies are verified using representation theorems.
Ontological Representation for Algerian Enterprise Modeling
Authors: Hadj Tayeb Sabria  , Noureddine Myriam
Published: February 2025

The Algerian enterprises are faced to the international industrial and economic competition which requires a complete reorganization of their structure. The modeling concept can satisfy this need and led to many techniques. However, none of them is complete and allows modeling all the aspects of a system.
The ISO/IEC Standards for the Software Processes and Products Measurement
Authors: Czarnacka-Chrobot Beata
Published: February 2025

Low effectiveness of the software development and enhancement projects is one of the fundamental reasons why for a few dozens of years the software engineering has been in search of objective and reliable approaches to the measurement of various attributes of software processes and products. Some of the undertakings have only just gained recognition, which may be proved by the fact that the latest version of the CMMI model (CMMI for Development released in 2006) was strongly focused on measurement as well as that the ISO with IEC have recently established a dozen or so international standards for this very measurement, regarding software products in particular. Also, intensive works on other norms are continued by these standardization organizations. Undoubtedly, this reflects the increasing acceptance for this subject matter yet the number and diversity of formal approaches may pose serious obstacle to the appropriate – from the point of view of specific needs – choice of such approaches. Thus in this paper we have gathered, synthetically characterised as well as linked and classified part of such approaches, that is the ISO/IEC standards.
Natural Language Understanding
Authors: Di Sciullo Anna Maria
Published: February 2025

I focus on three characteristics of natural language understanding systems that incorporate the properties that make humans able to understand language naturally. The first characteristic of such systems is that they handle recursion. A second property of these systems is that they process abstract hierarchical structures, and they are not limited to the processing of strings of characters or keywords. A third characteristic is that they connect physical forms and interpretations.
On More Efficient Searching Methods for a Corporate Knowledge Database
Authors: Taniguchi Noriko  , Hayashida Shogo  , Sugawara Kohei  , Maruta Rikio
Published: February 2025

This paper discusses possible assisting approaches with that the search engine indicates additional keywords for searching the desired documents after the first keyword is specified by the user. Effectiveness of a new idea to utilize a frequency distribution of terminologies used in all the database documents was evaluated, showing a promising indication that the approach is useful for suggesting good candidate terminologies for secondary keywords. The paper indicates necessary steps towards building of a more efficient search engine including establishment of a solid mathematical or statistical foundation for determining a group of meaningful terminologies from any arbitrary database, and combination with other approaches for augmenting searching performance.
A Platform for Service-Oriented Integration of Software Engineering Environments
Authors: Biffl Stefan  , Schatten Alexander
Published: February 2025

In modern software application development, engineering systems and tools from several sources have to cooperate for building agile process environments. While there are approaches for the technical integration of component-based business software systems, there is only little work on the flexible and efficient integration of engineering tools and systems along the software life cycle. In this paper we introduce the concept of the “Engineering Service Bus” (EngSB) based on established Enterprise Service Bus concepts for business software systems. Based on real-world use cases from software engineering we show how the EngSB allows prototyping new variants of software engineering processes and derive research issues for further work.
On Multi-Agent driven structural design applications: A mobile device-based implementation of the MAST project
Authors: Bitterberg Tilmann  , Hildmann Hanno  , Branki Cherif
Published: February 2025

This paper will discuss a design and implementation of the MAST and the mobileMAST application, a multi-agent system (MAS) for a structural optimum design application (SODA) on mobile devices. Three different versions of the MAST problem are distinguished and the approach for each one is outlined. The paper presents an investigation into the performance of the mobile client and computational results as well as performance evaluations are presented.
Classification Using Intelligent Approaches. An Example in Social Assistance
Authors: Miró-Julià Margaret  , Fiol-Roig Gabriel  , Vaquer-Ferrer Damià
Published: February 2025

This paper presents results of a project from the Master of Information and Communication Technologies at the University of the Balearic Islands. The aim of the work is the application of intelligent approaches to data analysis. These techniques have been applied to the area of social assistance in order to construct an efficient structure that classifies persons depending on the profiles available at the organization's data bases. This classification is later used to assign the professional expert that best fits the user's characteristics.
2-LAMA Architecture vs. BitTorrent Protocol in a Peer-to-Peer Scenario
Authors: Campos Jordi  , Lopez-Sanchez Maite  , Esteva Marc  , Novo Alba  , Morales Javier
Published: February 2025

In this paper, we review our Multi-Agent System (MAS) architecture (2-LAMA) proposed to assist existing MAS. This architecture consists of two levels: the conventional MAS system and an additional meta-level in charge of assistance. We illustrate our approach in a Peer-to-Peer sharing network scenario and compare it with the commonly used BitTorrent protocol. Experiments show that the cost of adding the meta-layer is lower than the obtained benefit. We conclude by claiming that our approach provides the system with the required flexibility to deal with dynamic environments.
AC3-OP: An Arc-Consistency Algorithm for Arithmetic Constraints
Authors: Arangu Marlene  , Salido Miguel A.  , Barber Federico
Published: February 2025

Arc-consistency algorithms are widely used to prune the search space of Constraint Satisfaction Problems (CSPs). One of the most well-known arc-consistency algorithms for filtering CSPs is AC3. This algorithm repeatedly carries out revisions and requires support checks for identifying and deleting all unsupported values from the domains. Nevertheless, many revisions are ineffective, that is, they cannot delete any value and they require a lot of checks and are time-consuming. We present AC3-OP, an optimized and reformulated version of AC3 that reduces the number of constraint checks and prunes the same CSP search space with arithmetic constraints. In inequality constraints, AC3-OP, checks the binary constraints in both directions (full arc-consistency), but it only propagates new constraints in one direction. Thus, it avoids checking redundant constraints that do not filter any value of the variable's domain. The evaluation section shows the improvement of AC3-OP over AC3 in random instances.
Reward System for Completing FAQs
Authors: Moreno Araceli  , de la Rosa Josep Lluis  , Szymanski Boleslaw K.  , Barcenas José Moisés
Published: February 2025

The creation of Answer Communities around a FAQs Site is proposed to speed up the process of answering questions. Our approach combines long-term and short-term rewards. Long-term rewards are found to boost participation, motivating users to complete FAQs with proper answers faster.
A 3D Neural Model for Video Analysis
Authors: Maddalena Lucia  , Petrosino Alfredo
Published: February 2025

We propose a 3D self organizing neural model for modeling both the background and the foreground in video, helping in distinguishing between moving and stopped objects in the scene. Our aim is to detect foreground objects in digital image sequences taken from stationary cameras and to distinguish them into moving and stopped objects by a model based approach. We show through experimental results that a good discrimination can be achieved for color video sequences that represent typical situations critical for vehicles stopped in no parking areas.
Role of Topology in Complex Neural Networks
Authors: Fortuna Luigi  , Frasca Mattia  , Gallo Antonio  , Spata Alessandro  , Nunnari Giuseppe
Published: February 2025

The aim of this study is to investigate the role played by topology in complex networks of neurons working in noisy environment. Due to the presence of noise in real neurons environment a systematic study of how different topologies work in presence of noise is of great interest. To this purpose a software simulator was developed and numerical simulations of different topologies of populations of FHN neurons have been carried out. This work in an on-going project aimed at better understanding complex neuronal dynamics. Future efforts will be devoted to perform a systematic study of the dynamical effects of topology on synchronization.
Non-Iterative Imaging Method for Electrical Resistance Tomography
Authors: Calvano Flavio  , Rubinacci Guglielmo  , Tamburrino Antonello
Published: February 2025

Electrical Resistance Tomography (ERT) is a body of methods and techniques aimed to reconstruct the spatial distribution of the resistivity of a material starting from the knowledge of boundary measurements such as, for instance, the Neumann-to-Dirichlet map. This inverse problem is ill-posed and nonlinear and, therefore, its solution require a considerable computational effort. In this paper we discuss a fast non-iterative reconstruction method for locating inclusions in an otherwise homogeneous material. This method, potentially, is a candidate for near real-time applications.
On the Relevance of Image Acquisition Resolution for Hand Geometry Identification Based on MLP
Authors: Ferrera Miguel A.  , Fàbregas Joan  , Faundez-Zanuy Marcos  , Alonso Jesús B.  , Travieso Carlos  , Sacristan Amparo
Published: February 2025

The effect of changing the image resolution over a biometric system based on hand geometry is analyzed in this paper. Image resolution is progressively diminished from an initial 120dpi resolution up to 24dpi. The robustness of the examined system is analyzed with 2 databases and two identifiers. The first database acquires the images of the hand underneath whereas the second database acquires the images over the hand. The first classifier identifies with a multiclass support vector machine whereas the second classifier identifies with a neural network with error correction output codes. The four experiments show that an image resolution of 72dpi offers a good trade-off between performance and image resolution for the 15 geometric features used.
Evaluating Soft Computing Techniques for Path Loss Estimation in Urban Environments
Authors: Laganà Filippo  , Cacciola Matteo  , Calcagno Salvatore  , De Carlo Domenico  , Megali Giuseppe  , Versaci Mario  , Morabito Francesco Carlo
Published: February 2025

Many studies have been carried out by the scientists so far, and now we have many propagation models of electromagnetic waves for various kind of building structures. Position of the buildings in the streets in urban areas, or the corridors in the office buildings, can be thought as waveguides for electromagnetic waves. For each kind of building structure, different mathematical models have been proposed and good approximations have been done by successful studies. In this context, the path loss estimation on urban environment is presented. Particularly, an urban street of Reggio Calabria, Italy, has been considered. In order to proceed for the estimation of path loss, we firstly exploited the most applied numerical methods for generating training and testing data, and subsequently we evaluated the performances of suitable Support Vector Machines in approximating the path loss values. Precisely, used numerical method are the Okumura-Hata model and the Ray-Tracing method, carried out with Wireless InSite®software. Obtained results showed that Support Vector Regression Machines (SVRMs) provide more accurate prediction of path loss in urban area than Neural Networks. Final results pointed out the possible use of Support Vector Machines in this kind of application, with interesting applications since the lower computational cost than classical numerical method.
Dealing with Changes to Legislation in Networked Environments
Authors: van de Ven Saskia  , Boer Alexander  , van Engers Tom
Published: February 2025

More and more people on the working floor are expected to have knowledge of the sources of law that are applicable to their field. While coping with vast volumes of regulations is a challenge, dealing with changes in legislation is even more challenging. Organizational change also affects the amount and complexity of legal rules people in organizations have to deal with. Moreover, not only rules are affected; changes in the organization's environment often create the need to redesign business processes and IT infrastructure, reallocate roles and responsibilities and reorder tasks. This paper explains our approach on dealing with these issues.
Five Guidelines for Normative Multiagent Systems
Authors: Boella Guido  , Pigozzi Gabriella  , van der Torre Leendert
Published: February 2025

In this paper we introduce and discuss five guidelines for the use of normative systems in computer science. We adopt a multiagent systems perspective, because norms are used to coordinate, organize, guide, regulate or control interaction among distributed autonomous systems. They are derived from the computer science literature. From the so-called ‘normchange’ definition of the first workshop on normative multiagent systems in 2005 we derive the guidelines to motivate which definition of normative multiagent system is used, to make explicit why norms are a kind of (soft) constraints deserving special analysis, and to explain why and how norms can be changed at runtime. From the so-called ‘mechanism design’ definition of the second workshop on normative multiagent systems in 2007 we derive the guidelines to discuss the use and role of norms as a mechanism in a game-theoretic setting, and to clarify the role of norms in the multiagent system.
MetaLex Naming Conventions and the Semantic Web
Authors: Boer Alexander
Published: February 2025

MetaLex XML is an interchange format, a lowest common denominator for other standards, intended not to replace jurisdiction-specific standards and vendor-specific formats in the publications process but to impose a standardized view on legal documents for the purposes of information exchange and interoperability in the context of software development.
Electronic Medication Management
Authors: Leslie Hugh
Published: February 2025

This chapter gives an educational overview of:
Clinical Decision Support Foundations
Authors: Pradhan Malcolm  , Liaw Siaw Teng
Published: February 2025

This chapter gives an educational overview of:
Health Informatics - An Introduction
Authors: Hovenga Evelyn J.S.  , Kidd Michael R.  , Garde Sebastian  , Hullin Lucay Cossio Carola
Published: February 2025

This chapter gives an educational overview of:
Consistency in the Business System Model
Authors: Repa Vaclav
Published: February 2025

This paper deals with the problem with consistency of the information model of a business system. This paper results from the methodology used in a business system's information modelling based on the idea of the two basic dimensions of the business system model. This approach combines the conceptual model with the process model. The problem with the consistency of particular models (diagrams) is discussed using the formal specification of business system modelling. Particular attention is paid to the consistency of structures: the so-called “structural consistency”, which is based on the work of M.A.Jackson.
Context-Based Knowledge Creation and Sharing in Cross-Cultural Collaborative Communities
Authors: Heimbürger Anneli  , Jaakkola Hannu  , Sasaki Shiori  , Yoshida Naofumi  , Kiyoki Yasushi
Published: February 2025

Virtual communities rely primarily on ICT to connect their members to work together, and to share knowledge and practices. The importance of virtual collaborative work is increasing not only because of its economical and environmental benefits, but also due to its flexibility for establishing dynamically new cross-organizational and cross-cultural innovative teams. Virtual collaborative spaces should support their joint activities. In order to design and realize such spaces, an understanding of the tasks to be carried out by the virtual community is necessary, as well as an understanding of the related processes, contexts, and knowledge. In our paper, we introduce a reference model of a Cross-Cultural Cyber Space (CCS) for context-based knowledge creation and sharing between the members of the cross-cultural collaborative community. We also describe the prototype implementation of the CCS, a 3D cross-cultural art museum system.
The mathematics that models wavefield physics in engineering applications – A voyage through the landscape of fundamentals
Authors: de Hoop Adrianus T.
Published: February 2025

The structural aspects of the mathematics that models wavefield physics in engineering applications are briefly, but rather completely, put in perspective.
Active arrays for satellite applications: the quest for increased power efficiency
Authors: Mangenot Cyril  , Toso Giovanni  , Angeletti Piero
Published: February 2025

Active array antennas have very attractive features but are quite complex and expensive. For this reason, they are today considered for space missions essentially when in flight beam reconfigurability or inertialess beam steering is required. However, array antennas may find wider applications in new potential LEO or MEO telecommunication constellations or as a way to generate very large space aperture thanks to digital processing. The paper presents an overview on the European ongoing activities on active phased arrays with a particular emphasis on the main limitations, challenges, possible improvements and opportunities.
Molecular dynamics simulation to characterize asphalt-aggregate interfaces
Authors: Lu Y.  , Wang L.
Published: February 2025

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulation is performed to model interfaces between asphalt and aggregate. An asphalt-quartz structure model of the interface is proposed in terms of density, position, thickness, and molecular orientations. CVFF_aug (Augmented Consistent Valence Force Field) force field is adopted to characterize the inter-atom interactions. The present simulations are among the first attempts to conduct full atomistic molecular simulations on a multi-component based asphalt-aggregate interface interaction. The chemical composition is chosen to represent compounds found in real asphalts. Different molecules are chosen to reflect saturate, naphthene aromatic, asphaltene components and quartz atom structure. The interfacial atom trajectories displayed properties in simulations which are qualitatively similar to those of real asphalt-aggregate interface shearing. It is found that the CVFF_aug force field provides qualitatively acceptable results for predicting the interface atom interaction between asphalt and quartz. The simulations were performed using the computer program LAMMPS.
Shearing behavior of curved interfaces
Authors: Iscimen M.  , Frost J.D.
Published: February 2025

Pipe-jacking and microtunneling technologies are being more widely used over the past decade and there is significant interest to predict the jacking forces and jacking distances achievable in order to achieve more efficient design and construction. This study focuses on the evaluation of the frictional characteristics and factors affecting the shear strength of pipe-soil interfaces. Six different pipes made from fiber reinforced polymer (FRP), polycrete, steel, concrete, and vitrified clay were tested using a new apparatus designed to conduct conventional interface shear testing on pipes of different curvature. In addition, roughness tests were performed using a stylus profilometer to quantify the surface characteristics of the individual pipes and relate these to the interface shear behavior. To extend the range of roughness values tested, two artificial pipe surfaces were created using rough sandpapers. Interface shear tests were performed using the new apparatus with air-pluviated dense specimens of Ottawa 20/30 sand.
Pre-failure localization and stress-displacement response in a direct interface shear test
Authors: Wang J.  , Dove J.E.
Published: February 2025

This paper presents a numerical study that uses two dimensional DEM simulations to determine how strain localizes inside an idealized interphase system composed of densely-packed spherical particles in contact with rough manufactured surfaces. The manufactured surface is made up of regular or irregular triangular asperities with varying slopes. Discrete data at the micro–scale have been homogenized and transformed into stress and strain using a new discrete–continuum analysis approach. Evolution of fabric, contact force anisotropies are recorded and used to generate stress tensors for the granular media at the continuum level. The strain field is generated using a new simple method directly based on motions of individual particles. Theoretical analysis of the stress-strain behavior occurring inside the interphase zone is made possible by combining the above approach with numerical simulations. Results show that uniform pure shear deformation occurs inside the interphase zone before strain localization initiates and nonlinear stress-strain behavior begins. The computed strain field shows a distinct but discontinuous shear band above the surface early before the peak state is reached. Anisotropies of fabric, contact normal force and contact shear force increase rapidly after shearing, leading to the increase of shear stress inside the interphase zone. The principal direction of contact total force anisotropy has exclusive control over the peak interface strength behavior. It is found that the thickness of the most intense shear zone is about 8 to 10 median particle diameters above the surface.
Interface based in situ soil classification
Authors: Hebeler G.L.  , Frost J.D.
Published: February 2025

A main objective in all geotechnical site investigations is to determine the type, extent, and properties of the geologic materials in as much detail as possible within the constraints of the given site conditions and project budget. Cone penetrometers (CPTs), specifically piezocones (CPTUs), offer a site investigation tool that can effectively identify the behavioral type and extent of tested stratigraphy, and provide unparalleled profiling ability, with CPTU response times typically sufficiently fast to identify very thin layers (< 5 mm) (Lunne et al., 1997). Accurate geostratification and classification are paramount to successful geotechnical engineering practice, as the soil layering and classification often serve as the basis for all subsequent analyses and calculations. The values of CPT data are functions of a number of fundamental soil characteristics, and as such, the variations in measured response can be used to identify both the layering and properties of tested soils. The interface behavior of soils is known to vary as both a function of soil type and the contacting interface properties. Most notably soil – continuum interface response is known to be primarily affected by the angle of internal friction of the soil and the surface roughness of the counterface material. The multi friction attachment devices recently developed at Georgia Tech have the ability to provide in situ measurements of interface behavior across the full range of typical surface roughness properties encountered in geotechnical engineering and for all soil conditions amenable to penetrometer investigations. This paper analyzes the friction data obtained for the various geologic conditions tested to date, to investigate whether the use of the multi friction attachment (MFA) and multi piezo friction attachment (MPFA) can provide data allowing for improved in situ soil classification through the use of fundamental soil-interface behavior concepts.
Comparison of Different Along the Track Satellite Stereo Pair for DEM Extraction
Authors: Nikolakopoulos Konstantinos G.  , Tsombos Panagiotis I.  , Lathourakis George
Published: February 2025

In this study two different satellite stereo-pair collected along the track are compared for DEM creation. The first one is created from a Cartosat stereopair and the second one from an ASTER stereo-pair. The area of study is situated in Chalkidiki Peninsula, Greece. Both DEMs were created using the same ground control points collected with a Differential GPS. Then, the two DEMs were compared to a DEM created from digitized contours. After a first control for random or systematic errors a statistical analysis was done. Points of certified elevation have been used to estimate the accuracy of these three DEMs. The elevation difference between the different DEMs was calculated. 2D RMSE, correlation and the percentile value were also computed and the results are presented.
Investigation of the Stereo-Radargrammetric Mapping Potential of TerraSAR-X
Authors: Raggam Hannes  , Perko Roland  , Gutjahr Karlheinz
Published: February 2025

The first German space mission TerraSAR-X was launched on June 15th, 2007. With respect to topographic mapping, this mission has initiated a new generation of high-resolution spaceborne SAR sensors, as it provides SAR images at very high resolution down to 1 meter in the Spotlight mode on the one hand, and variable off-nadir looking angles on the other hand. Thus, high resolution SAR stereo image pairs can be acquired at optimized imaging conditions, stimulating the traditional stereo mapping approach to be used for 3D mapping, either in parallel with or as an alternative to SAR interferometry as the evolving mapping technique of the last decade. In this paper, the stereo-radargrammetric potential of TerraSAR-X is investigated based on multiple Spotlight data sets for selected Austrian test sites. First, a-priori estimates of 3D mapping accuracy being feasible from TerraSAR-X stereo pairs are deduced based on control point measurements. Therefore, various stereo dispositions were analyzed. Second, surface models were generated by means of stereo mapping procedures and qualitatively validated by visual comparison to appropriate reference data.
Analysis of ASTER Multispectral Stereo Imagery to Update Dem and Land Cover Databases for Cyprus Island
Authors: Hadjimitsis D.  , Chrysoulakis N.  , Retalis A.  , Themistocleous K.
Published: February 2025

This study presents the production of Digital Elevation Models (DEM) and land cover (LC) databases for the islands of Cyprus, capable of being used in local studies. The 1:50.000 topographic maps present a nominal horizontal accuracy of 20 m and a nominal vertical accuracy of 10 m with 90% confidence. The Advanced Spaceborn Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) offer along-track stereoscopic viewing capability. Its viewing geometry is suitable for DEM generation even without the use of ground control points. Recent studies have proved that in this case the vertical accuracy of DEM can be better than 20 m. In this paper we therefore examine the production of DEM and LC maps using ASTER multispectral stereo-imagery for the island of Cyprus. These products are capable of updating the 1:50.000 topographic maps of the island, as well as capable of supporting water resources management. A DEM from digitized contours from the 1:50.000 topographic maps was created and compared with ASTER derived DEMs. Several survey monuments were used to estimate the accuracy of these DEMs. It was founded that the horizontal and vertical accuracy of the ASTER derived DEM is similar to the respective accuracies of the DEM derived from digitized contours, therefore optical comparison of these two DEMs and statistical analysis can immediately prove if there is any need for update to the topographic maps. The CORINE 2000 LC map was used to evaluate the ASTER derived LC for Cyprus. The classification accuracy was better than 75%, therefore the ASTER derived LC map can be used to detect and update recent LC changes.
Cellular & Molecular Biomechanics
Authors: Campbell Veronica A.  , O'Connell Brian
Published: February 2025

Many cells are capable of responding to mechanical stimuli in their environment, such as fluid flow, compression, pressure and stretch. By means of mechanosensors, cells may detect and respond rapidly to stimuli (e.g. touch, sound waves, limb position) or they may begin a structural response to chronic events. For example, in limbs that are constantly exercised, cells will produce bigger muscles, stronger ligaments and denser bone. This may involve the recruitment, proliferation, differentiation and stimulation of a variety of cells. Investigations are aimed at discovering the cell components responsible for these responses and understanding the process that links receptors to signal transduction to the cell response. This chapter discusses each of these areas.
Statics
Authors: Verkerke Gijsbertus J.  , Lee T. Clive
Published: February 2025

The forces that act on an object determine its dynamic behaviour and defromation. Analysis of all forces and moments is essential. A free-body diagram summarizes all forces and moments that act on an object. To calculate the magnitude of the forces we can use the static equilibrium of forces and moments.
A Process-Centric Ontological Approach for Integrating Geo-Sensor Data
Authors: Devaraju Anusuriya  , Kuhn Werner
Published: February 2025

We introduce a process-centric ontological approach to relate observed properties to geo-processes that influence those observations. These relations are used to handle semantic heterogeneities that impede the integration of geo-sensor data. Our approach comprises a process-centric hydrology ontology and its alignment with the DOLCE foundational ontology. We describe how DOLCE assists in classifying two hydrological processes and their participating entities. Our preliminary results indicate that the process-centric ontological approach can be used to resolve process and property naming ambiguity within a domain. We consider this as a first step toward a process-centric semantic integration of geo-sensor data.
Ontological dependence, dispositions and institutional reality in chemistry
Authors: Batchelor Colin  , Hastings Janna  , Steinbeck Christoph
Published: February 2025

Biochemical ‘small molecules’ are involved in all living processes across all biological domains. Chemical ontologies provide structured chemical data and thereby support cross-disciplinary and integrative research across systems biology, chemogenomics and metabolomics. Efforts are underway to align ChEBI with upper level ontologies such as BFO, but confusion persists as to the ontological status of the ChEBI ‘role’ entities, which refer to continuants which inhere in chemical entities by virtue of the activity of the chemical entities. We provide a formal classification of these ‘role’ entities according to the continuants and endurants on which they ontologically depend, discuss the nature of chemical dispositions and the relevance of institutional reality, and address granularity issues in modelling chemical activity.
Foundations for an Ontology of Environment and Habitat
Authors: Bennett Brandon
Published: February 2025

The paper examines the semantics of the terms ‘environment’ and ‘habitat’ and presents a semi-formalised ontological framework in which these concepts are related to the spatial and material structure of the world. Since habitats are essentially associated with lives and behaviour of animals and plants the framework incorporates an abstract model of an organism. This enables the spatial extensions of habitats to be characterised in terms of the possible ‘life trajectories’ of organisms constrained by the physical properties of a geographic region and by the biological requirements for their survival.
Priority Rules in a Distributed ATM
Authors: Cásek P.  , Brázdilová S.L.
Published: February 2025

Priority rules are often considered to be a promising method how to reduce number of maneuvering aircraft in the envisioned new (distributed) ATM separation modes. In the presented paper, we discuss priority rules that have been so far used, developed and suggested for the autonomous aircraft concept. The objective is to consider their advantages and drawbacks as well as factors that should be reflected in the definition of such rules for self separation operations in the future ATM. The relation between the priority rules on one side and applied conflict resolution strategy and information sharing process on the other side is also described. The paper concludes by a suggestion how to overcome the drawbacks of the existing priority rules through a combination of several operational elements.
Efficacy of Virtual Reality in Triggering the Craving to Smoke: its Relation to Level of Presence and Nicotine Dependence
Authors: Ferrer-García Marta  , García-Rodríguez Olaya  , Gutiérrez-Maldonado José  , Pericot-Valverde Irene  , Secades-Villa Roberto
Published: February 2025

Virtual Reality environments that reproduce typical contexts associated with tobacco use may be useful for aiding smoking cessation. The main objective of this study was to assess the capacity of eight environments to produce the craving to smoke and determine the relation of craving to nicotine dependence and level of presence. The results show that all the environments were able to generate the desire to smoke; a direct relation was found between sense of presence and craving.
Multimedia Holistic Rehabilitation Method for Patients After Stroke-Efficiency Analysis
Authors: Wcislo Rafał  , Probosz Karolina  , Kitowski Jacek  , Slota Renata  , Otfinowski Janusz  , Sobczyk Artur  , Pisula Małgorzata
Published: February 2025

The article presents the results of post-stroke rehabilitation of patients with brain dysfunctions causing cognitive impairments such as problems with concentrating, reasoning, logical thinking, and memory. Some of those patients suffered from various forms of aphasia as well. The holistic rehabilitation of the stroke patients was aided by specially designed computer systems offering an array of varied multimedia tasks. The research results presented below confirm the usability of the suggested method.
Intersubjectivity as a Possible Way to Inhabit Future Cyberplaces
Authors: Galimberti Carlo  , Brivio Eleonora  , Cantamesse Matteo  , Cilento Ibarra Francesca
Published: February 2025

A change of perspective in online interaction research, shifts attention from technologies to what people actually do online. It's time to study how subjects interact with others and how they ‘take possession’ of virtual environments on a perceptive, emotional and relational plan. This paper illustrates: a) how actors ‘construct’ themselves as subjects facing others during online interactions; b) the relationships actors establish with virtual environments and how actors transform ‘simple’ cyberspaces in cyberplaces; c) how actors – on the basis of a) and b) – ‘bridge the gap’ between them and their interlocutors using communication as a tool to give form to intersubjectivity, intended as an effective relational structure. A research program built around these three issues – both on the theoretical and empirical plan – should become the core of Social Psychology of Cyberplaces as this paper will demonstrate.
HEALTH-IDENTITY: Mobile services for consumers of medicines
Authors: Sarrasin Jean-Jérôme  , Schumacher Michael  , Hay Christian  , Richard Philippe
Published: February 2025

New technologies for drug identification, traceability and mobile platforms make it possible to personalise the services provided to consumers of medicine. This paper presents the Health-Identity platform, a mobile application which gives consumers the assurance that the drug they have in their hands is a genuine product and can be consumed without risk according to their stored patient profile (allergies, health state, current medication, etc.).
Telemedicine Fetal Phonocardiography Surveillance: an Italian Satisfactory Experience
Authors: Romano Maria  , Cesarelli Mario  , D'Addio Gianni  , Mazzoleni M. Cristina  , Bifulco Paolo  , Ferrara Nicola  , Rengo Franco
Published: February 2025

In this paper we describe an Italian experience of fetal home monitor, organized using a portable phonocardiography system (product by Pentavox, Hungary), and the method utilized to evaluate its effectiveness in providing quality services and patient satisfaction. Patient satisfaction is an important dimension in the evaluation of quality care delivery. We used phonocardiography technique in our experience of fetal home monitoring as it is non invasive and passive in nature, low-cost and easy to use. A lightweight portable phonocardiograph (Fetaphon-home) was assigned to six selected patients, without effective pregnancy risk to monitor fetal heartbeat, uterine contractions and fetal movements at home or wherever they need it. The selected patients were instructed by trained personnel in the use of the monitoring device. Patients were asked to perform the recording two times a week and to transmit 20-min signal to the reference centre. The home monitoring sessions were performed in addition to the routine surveillance at a gynecologist's office; thus, the home monitoring did not replace clinic visits. The women were requested to fill a satisfaction questionnaire in order to evaluate their quality of life and anxiety state. Preliminary results have shown that home fetal surveillance appreciably reduces the need of travel for patients and consequently their stress. Furthermore, our results suggest that, after a short training, pregnant women are able to record and transmit long traces without troubles. Use of telemedicine system was generally well accepted by pregnant women since it increased the possibility of fetal long-term home surveillance which in turn could increase the efficiency of the service offered to them.
Language Games and Patient-centred eHealth
Authors: Showell Chris  , Cummings Elizabeth  , Turner Paul
Published: February 2025

The sharing of clinical information between ehealth systems requires a common terminology, and SNOMED CT is seen as an acceptable solution for this task. Widespread adoption of SNOMED CT may mean that other terminologies, particularly those of citizens and patients, are sidelined or ignored. This paper considers the role of a citizen's “voice” in a connected ehealth world.
Management of Knowledge Gaps: Concept Representation of Things We Don't Know
Authors: Bleuer Juerg P.  , Talerico Daniele  , Bösch Kurt  , Lampérière Vincent  , Ludwig Christian A.
Published: February 2025

Suva (Swiss National Accident Insurance Fund) is the most important carrier of obligatory accident insurance in Switzerland. Its medical division supports doctors working in inpatient and outpatient care with comprehensive case management and with conciliar advice. The Suva hospitals provide inpatient rehabilitation. In 2002, Suva started the InWiM project. InWiM is an acronym and stands for “Integrierte Wissensbasen der Medizin”, which can be translated as “Integrated Knowledge Bases in Medicine”. Information retrieval within InWiM is achieved by means of the MeSH Index (Medical Subject Headings), the thesaurus of the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM). InWiM has now been extended towards the management not only of publications but also of areas where sound knowledge is missing, so called “knowledge gaps”: Knowledge gaps are indexed with MeSH terms in a similar way to publications. This improves knowledge management: In particular it is possible to search and find knowledge gaps and solutions covering the same or a similar topic, thus allowing adequate collating and it prevents duplication of work. Furthermore, literature search strategies for the NML are predefined and do not need every time to be reinvented from scratch.