bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ATTITUDE COMPARISON OF ONE HUNGARIAN ANDONE SERBIAN TEAMíS YOUTH MALE HANDBALL PLAYERS
Authors: Paic Robert , Kajos Attila , Đukić Milka , Korovljev Darinka , Prisztóka Gyöngyvér , Ðukić Milorad
Published: August 2024

The results of the Hungarian and the Serbian male handball national teams are similar on
the international level; in the same time, the Hungarian club teams have more success in club
competitions. However, general supposition is that the Serbian handball players are more
successful and more acknowledged across the top European handball leagues. This is confirmed
by numerous Serbian internationals that play at high level in Hungary and other European
countries. We suppose that results of the youth national teams have considerable influence in
later success rate. In this article we were searching for the influential factors behind the success
of one Serbian youth team. Since there were no considerable differences in physical performance
and anthropometric parameters (the Hungarian players were even taller), we assumed the main
differences were in their relation and attitudes to coach and to training. In our study we support
this explanation with an analysis of the attitudes to the head coach, work and physical training. Our samples were selected from one Serbian (Crvenka) and one Hungarian (KomlÛ) youth team. For attitudes assessment a standardized PASSES scale was used (Hagger et al., 2007). The
results show that the Serbian youth players have better relations with their head coach and have
better stance for work and training, which might be an explanation for their better success.
YOUTH MOTIVES FOR PRACTICING SPORTS
Authors: Malčić Borka
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study is to determine the motivational structure of youths for practicing
sports. The research included 60 participants, of both sexes, all aged between 13 and 16. The
survey method was applied. The research results showed the following facts: that intrinsic
motivation is the main instigator for practicing sports and 58.33% of the participants personally
made the decision to start doing sports. As for the structure of motives, health is in the first place
of importance, followed by love for sports, then success, friendship, popularity and good looks. Money as primary motive is penultimate instigator, while fun is the last main motive for doing
sports. The hierarchy of motives for initial involvement in sports activities does not differ on the
basis of gender. Children are most intensively involved in sports between 6 and 10 years of age. The main conclusion of the research is that coaches should improve the consciousness of
practicing sports for the purposes of fun and friendship.
EFFECTS OF BODY COMPOSITION ON THE MANIFESTATION OF STATIC STRENGTH IN GIRLS OF LOWER ELEMENTARY SCHOOL AGE
Authors: Taboroši Akoš
Published: August 2024

This study presents the results of the analysis of the effects of body composition on the
manifestation of static strength in girls of lower elementary school age. The sample consisted
of 63 girls aged seven. All the girls were from Subotica and attend elementary schools. Height
was measured by the use of Martin’s anthropometer, weight was measured by the use of InBody
230. The measures of body composition (body fat, total body water and skeletal muscle mass)
were assessed by InBody 230, a device which functions on the base of bioelectrical impedance.
The static strength of arms and shoulder area was assessed by „Bent-arm hang” test. The results
pointed to the statistically significant effects of the body composition on the manifestation of static
strength in girls of lower elementary school age. 
The application of fractional Zener model on MCL
Authors: Santrač Nada , Pavkov Jasmina
Published: August 2024

On the basis of recently published experimental results of Abramowitch et al. (2004), dealing
with viscoelastic properties of sham operated and healing MCL, we show that the fractional Zener
model of viscoelastic body seems to be very tractable tool for rheological description of different
states of biological tissues. In this paper medial collateral ligament of the knee will be described
by means of the method of Dankuc et al. 2010, who examined middle ear structures and ramp-and
hold stress relaxation experiments. Two different states of MCL were described by four different
constants representing modulus of elasticity, the order of fractional derivative and two relaxation
constants. Predictions of the model are in good agreement with the experimental results.
MENSTRUAL CYCLE AS AN OBSTACLE TO ACHIEVING MAXIMAL SPORT RESULT
Authors: P. Mladenović Milan , V. Karan Vedrana , V. Klasnja Aleksandar , Z. Popadic Gacesa Jelena , F. Barak Otto , R. Markovic Olivera , R. Markovic Olivera
Published: August 2024

Each woman has different characteristics of menstrual cycle. The main problem is the
determination of period in which the measuring would be carried out, so that the results could be
directly linked to a certain hormone or phase of the menstrual cycle. Generally it could be said
that menstrual cycle does not influence muscle contractility and maximum oxygen consumption,
lactate level, heart rate, breathing volume, hemoglobin levels. Therefore, women who compete in
anaerobic and aerobic sports do not have to adjust competition schedules to their menstrual cycle.
On the other hand the increase of body temperature in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle,
possible cardiovascular strain in this phase, influence of progesterone on the respiratory center,
the rise of breathing frequency and volume can have negative influence on long-term intensive
sport activities. For this sort of activity female athletes are recommended to adjust their
competition schedule to menstrual cycle.
SCOLIOSIS AND TREATING SCOLIOSIS WITH SCHROTH METHOD
Authors: Jevtić Nikola
Published: August 2024

Idiopathic scoliosis is a deformity of the spinal column and is found among healthy children. Etiology of idiopathic scoliosis is unknown. Spinal shift occurs in all three planes followed
by muscle disfunction and reduced vital capacity of the lungs. Asymmetric loading on the spine
can be listed as one of the factors of rapid progression of scoliosis, whereby large pressure is put on
the concave side of the scoliotic curvature due to the shift of standing balance of the body. Rehabilitation is based upon improvement of functionality, ability and capacity of the patient with scoliosis. The initial stage of rehabilitation rests on correct diagnosis and estimation of patient’s condition in order to commence the treatment in the best possible manner. The Schroth method has a
long-standing tradition and is primarily applied in correction of scoliosis. It is based on three-dimensional breathing, proper pelvic correction and specific exercises and education of patients in
order to continue the treatment at home.
DIFFERENCES IN PARAMETERS OF BONE MINERAL DENSITY BETWEEN ELITE ATHLETES AND NON ATHLETES
Authors: Šolaja Anita , Šolaja Milan , Obradović Borislav
Published: August 2024

The aim of this study is to investigate the differences in parameters of bone mineral
density in elite track and field athletes and sedentary male controls, respectively non-athletes.
The research included 15 athletes who are members of the national junior track and field team
of Serbia and 15 non-athlete boys, aged 17 to 19 years. Sahara (Hologic, Inc., MA 02154,
USA) clinical sonometer was used for assessing bone density. The parameters of bone
mineral density were measured, Speed of sound (SOS), Broadband ultrasound attenuation
(BUA), Bone mineral density (BMD) and Width of the heel bone, as well. T-test for two
independent groups confirmed that there is statistically significant difference between elite
track and field athletes and non-athletes in all measured parameters (p < 0.05). The results of
this study confirm the significant effects of practicing track and field events on increasing
bone mineral density and preventing osteoporosis. 
THE EFFECTS OF LIVE AND VIDEO DEMONSTRATION ON THE EARLY ACQUISITION OF A NEW MOTOR TASK
Authors: Vrbik Ivan , Krističević Tomislav , Sporiš Goran , Madić Dejan
Published: August 2024

Demonstration is a widely used method in sports teaching and coaching, as well in Physical
education classes. The most commonly used types of demonstration live demonstration and
video demonstration. However, a direct comparison between these two types of model has
rarely been undertaken in a motor context. Therefore, the aim of this reseasrch is to specify
and compare the effects of the two different metric protocol, former standard and the new
video demonstration, on the estimation of the test results in the primary school.The
participants involved the third and the fourth year students from four elementary schools in
Petrinje and Sisak which territorialy belong to urban area of the Sisak- Moslavic county. The
total number of students on whom this research has taken place was 327, of which 186 were
boys and 141 were girls at the age of 10,5. The students were divided into two subsamples
considering the used treatment,both standard and video demonstration protocol. The sample
of variables in this research consists of four tests for evauating motor abilities: Shuttle run,
Back-save sit and reach for the right and left leg, Push-ups and Curl up. The use of video
demonstration protocol for task performance has shown a significant effect in the tests
Shuttle run and Curl up, while significant effects were not gained in both both flexibility tests
(Back-save sit and reach for the right and left leg) and strength tests (push-ups) due to the
protocol. The results indicated that video demonstration seems more effective than the live
one for the early acquisition of a completely new motor skills.
Pelatihan Pembuatan Poster Digital Tema Pemanasan Global dalam Melatihkan Kreativitas Siswa
Authors: Efwinda Shelly , Damayanti Puardmi , Mutmainah Octaviani , Malisan Rinilva , Anggraeni Bening
Published: August 2024

Kreativitas merupakan salah satu keterampilan yang dibutuhkan di Abad 21. Identifikasi masalah menunjukkan mayoritas siswa SMP di sekolah mitra belum memanfaatkan teknologi untuk mengembangkan kreativitas mereka. Siswa SMP perlu difasilitasi untuk mengembangkan kreativitas misalnya dengan memanfaatkan perkembangan teknologi secara positif. Pelatihan pembuatan poster digital tema Pemanasan Global dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengembangkan kreativitas siswa dalam membuat poster digital. Pelatihan diselenggarakan selama 4 x 8 jam, mulai tanggal 27 hingga 30 Juli 2022. Jumlah peserta kegiatan pelatihan adalah 15 siswa dari 5 SMP di Samarinda. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah rubrik penilaian kreativitas poster dan angket respon siswa. Tahapan pelaksanaan meliputi penyajian materi pemanasan global dan pembuatan poster, pemberian contoh pembuatan poster digital menggunakan software canva, penugasan dan bimbingan kepada peserta pelatihan dalam membuat poster digital tema pemanasan global, presentasi, feedback oleh instruktur, perbaikan dan pengumpulan poster akhir. Hasil pengabdian menunjukkan bahwa nilai rata-rata kreativitas poster siswa sebesar 84 berada pada kategori sangat kreatif. Respon siswa terhadap kegiatan pelatihan diperoleh persentase sebesar 87% termasuk dalam kategori sangat baik.
Sosialisasi Pembelajaran Berbasis Augmented Reality (AR) bagi Guru Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam
Authors: Anggraeni Bening , Efwinda Shelly , Haryanto Zeni , Sholeh Muhammad , Armelia Andina
Published: August 2024

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PkM) berupa sosialisasi pembelajaran IPA berbasis Augmented Reality (AR) bagi guru bertujuan untuk menambah pengetahuan guru terkait pembelajaran berbasis AR. Target kegiatan PkM ini antara lain: (1) diikuti oleh minimal 30 guru bidang IPA dan (2) memperoleh respon sangat baik dari peserta atas kegiatan yang telah dilakukan. Kegiatan PkM dilakukan selama 8 JP pada 11 Maret 2023 melalui Zoom meeting dengan jumlah peserta sebanyak 73 guru IPA. Metode PkM yaitu metode ceramah, diskusi dan tanya jawab. Materi-materi yang disajikan pada PkM tentang profesi guru, Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK) dan Technological Pedagogical Content and Knowledge (TPACK), serta materi dan tutorial pembuatan media AR. Setelah kegiatan, peserta diminta kesediaannya untuk mengisi angket respon. Hasil analisis angket respon menunjukkan sebagian besar guru setuju bahwa kegiatan ini membuat guru dapat lebih memahami materi tentang PCK, TPACK, dan pembelajaran berbasis AR. Respon guru berada pada kategori sangat baik dengan persentase sebesar 85%. Guru sangat tertarik mengikuti PkM dan berharap akan ada kegiatan pelatihan lanjutan. Berdasarkan hasil ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kegiatan PkM dapat memenuhi target dalam hal penambahan pengetahuan guru terkait pembelajaran berbasis AR.
SPORT TALENT IDENTIFICATION AS A RECOMMENDATION FOR EXTRACURRICULAR DEVELOPMENT CURRICULUM: A RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT STUDY
Authors: Cholid Nurudin , Widodo Achmad , Sulistyarto Soni , Maulana Rizky
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi bakat olahraga siswa yang nantinya dapat dijadikan sebagai acuan pengembangan dalam pembinaan ekstrakurikuler di sekolah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian R&D (Research and Development) dengan pendekatan pengumpulan data satu kali. Sampel dalam penelitian berjumlah 50 siswa yang terdiri dari 25 anak laki-laki dan 25 anak perempuan. Analisis data menggunakan distribusi frekuensi dengan menghitung nilai rata-rata dan proporsi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 28% (14) tergolong sangat potensial, 36% (18) berpotensi dan 32% (16) cukup potensi siswa berbakat olahraga.Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah siswa yang berpotensi diberikan fasilitas dan ruang yang baik dalam hal ini adalah pemilihan dan pembinaan kegiatan ekstrakurikuler. Hal ini berusaha untuk mendorong siswa
Kelayakan buku saku submateri keanekaragaman hayati berdasarkan tumbuhan upacara adat
Authors: Herunanda Aprizal , Syamswisna Syamswisna , Mardiyyaningsih Asriah Nurdini
Published: August 2024

Buku teks pelajaran pada dasarnya selalu digunakan oleh guru sebagai media pembelajaran utama dalam menyampaikan submateri manfaat keanekaragaman hayati. Namun, buku teks yang digunakan rata-rata berukuran relatif besar, materi yang terdapat dalam buku teks juga relatif panjang, dan hanya memuat informasi pemanfaatan keanekaragaman hayati secara umum. Oleh sebab itu, muncul gagasan untuk membuat buku saku keanekaragaman hayati berbasis pemanfaatan tumbuhan dalam upacara adat Melayu Ketapang di Kelurahan Mulia Kerta. Tujuan pada penelitian kali ini untuk mengukur validitas buku saku sebagai media pembelajaran yang akan digunakan pada submateri manfaat keanekaragaman hayati tumbuhan adat. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan 12 pengujian kriteria penilaian berdasarkan penilaian 5 orang validator sebagi ahli media. Berdasarkan hasil validasi, buku saku mendapat nilai koefisien V sebesar 0,81 (kategori baik) dan mendapat nilai reabilitas sebesar 0,611 (kategori baik) sehingga memiliki kelayakan yang baik untuk digunakan sebagai media penunjang proses pembelajaran.
Enhancing student engagement through role-playing: A study on reproductive system education in class IX E at SMP Negeri 5 Pontianak
Authors: Kartikasari Euis
Published: August 2024

This study was conducted to determine the improvement in student activity and learning outcomes on the topic of the reproductive system in Class IX E at SMP Negeri 5 Pontianak. The objective of this research is to investigate the enhancement of student engagement and learning outcomes using the role-playing method. This classroom action research was carried out in two cycles. Data were collected through observation and tests. The results indicated an increase in student learning activities from 67.95% in the first cycle to 88.82% in the second cycle, as well as an improvement in learning mastery from 45.94% to 78.37%. Therefore, the role-playing method has proven to be effective in enhancing student activity and learning outcomes.
SAÚDE VOCAL: UMA PROPOSTA DE FORMAÇÃO INICIAL BASEADA NA METODOLOGIA ACT
Authors: RANKEL Alessandra Larissa Seixas , MIQUELIN Awdry Feisser , MACHADO Elaine Ferreira
Published: August 2024

Este é um recorte de uma pesquisa realizada com estudantes de licenciatura utilizando a metodologia ACT. Objetivou-se identificar se há pertinência para os estudantes de licenciatura quanto à formação em saúde vocal na metodologia ACT bem como refletir sobre a voz como instrumento de trabalho. A pesquisa utilizou como fonte de dados questionário e registro de diário de campo; participaram vinte e dois estudantes da graduação, do 3º ano do curso de licenciatura. Constatou-se que no processo de intervenção não havia histórico da realização de formação em Saúde Vocal e, por isso, demonstraram-se motivados a aprender, percebendo a relação entre ACT e a formação em Saúde Vocal pertinentes na sua futura profissão. Sugere-se, desta forma, a criação de um curso de formação inicial com tema saúde vocal baseado nas relações da metodologia ACT, que possa ser incluso na ementa do curso de licenciatura.
The concept of “popular royalism” in the latest historiography of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Era: pro and contra
Authors: Mitrofanov Andrey А.
Published: August 2024

In recent years, the concept of “popular royalism” has gained popularity in the historiography of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars. The author of the article analyses the main tenets and criticisms of this concept based on the writings of the three main theorists, Paul Choplin, Álvaro Paris, and Andoni Artola. The term “popular royalism” appeared as a result of an incomplete discussion about the essence of counter-revolution in European countries in the late 18th – early 19th centuries. According to the authors of the concept, royalist and counter-revolutionary movements were not retrograde in nature and met the actual demands of different layers of society in the situation of civil war. The counter-revolution gave rise to an alternative way of politicization of the masses and contributed to the emergence of new models of their political participation. The royalists monopolised old sources of political legitimacy and adapted familiar discourses and images to new challenges. Drawing on the idea of legitimacy, they put forward a wide range of demands that were not only conservative but also innovative. Nevertheless, specific regional casess, especially from Italian history, show that the cross-class alliances led by the royalists were temporary and unsustainable. These alliances contributed to the Restoration, but only with foreign military intervention. Yet, since the national historiographical traditions are still very stable, the proposed new concept of popular royalist movements requires substantial clarifications, taking into account the specifics of the historical development of different countries and regions.
Anarchist tendencies in the early socialist movement in Korea, 1919–1924
Authors: Damier Vadim V.
Published: August 2024

Korean anarchism is in many ways a unique phenomenon, as is the history of this Far Eastern country. Anarchists played a prominent role in the liberation of Korea from Japanese colonial rule, which dominated the country from 1910 to 1945. Along with Korean nationalists and communists, they became the “third force” in the anti-colonial struggle, which has attracted the interest of historians. A close connection with the issues of the struggle against the colonial power of Japan gave special features and direction to Korean anarchism, which was forced to oscillate between the demands for restoring the country’s independence and the anarchist tradition of denying any state as such. Unfortunately, the history of Korean anarchism remains virtually unexplored in Soviet and Russian academic literature. This article is intended to make the first steps in researching this topic. The article analyses the initial period in the development of the anarchist movement in the country, the time of its birth, drawing on original texts and publications by Korean socialists and anarchists of the early 1920s and taking into account the study of the issue in Korean and foreign historiography. The article shows that, as in other East Asian countries (Japan and China), anarchism in Korea was not initially identified as a special current in the socialist movement, and elements of anarchism, Bolshevism and social reformism were often mixed in the ideas of early Korean socialists. The separation of anarchism as a movement from this general socialist “conglomerate” occurred under the influence of disappointment in Russian Bolshevism and the results of the Great Russian Revolution.
The conclusion of the Soviet-Afghan “Treaty of Friendship” in the context of new archival sources
Authors: Tikhonov Yuri N.
Published: August 2024

New archival documents published in Russia and the United Kingdom make it possible to identify the stages and peculiarities of the negotiation process between Afghanistan and the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic on the conclusion of the Treaty of Friendship of 1921. The initial aim of Soviet diplomacy in drafting this document was to turn Afghanistan into a foothold for subversive activities against British India. The Afghan Emir Amanullah Khan, in turn, wanted to obtain military and financial aid from Soviet Russia through the Treaty of Friendship to fight Great Britain. His second goal was to strengthen Afghanistan’s position in Turkestan, where he wanted to create a confederation of Central Asian states under his control. As the declassified archival documents of the NKID show, the Soviet government was not prepared to pay such a high price for an agreement with Afghanistan. During the negotiations, there were many pauses caused by the aggravation of Soviet-Afghan rivalry over Bukhara and the amount of Soviet assistance to Amanullah Khan. However, both sides understood the need to establish strong partnerships to stabilize the international position of the RSFSR and independent Afghanistan. For this reason, after difficult negotiations in Kabul and Moscow, the Soviet-Afghan Treaty of Friendship was concluded on February 28, 1921. It allowed Soviet Russia to strengthen its position in Central Asia, creating a significant counterbalance to British intrigues in the region.
Unwilling allies: the USSR, the Communist Party of Argentina, and the military dictatorship in Argentina, 1976–1983
Authors: Schelchkov Andrey A.
Published: August 2024

The author of this article aims to explore the complex and contradictory relationship between the Communist Party of Argentina, the Soviet Union, and the military regime in Argentina between 1976 and 1983. It was a period of right-wing military dictatorship domination in the region, characterised by outright terrorist policies against left-wing forces, mass violations of human rights, which put the International Communist Movement in an ambiguous position due to the USSR’s close cooperation with the Argentine military junta. A unique situation of mutual interest between Soviet foreign policy and the military dictatorship developed in the USSR’s relations with the military regime in Argentina. The most important factor in this contradictory situation was the position of the Communist Party of Argentina, supported by the CPSU, on co-operation with a regime that other communist parties and leftist forces qualified as fascist, ultra-reactionary, and anti-communist. The USSR found moral and political justification for its cooperation with the Argentine regime in the policies of local communists who supported the regime, justifying its repression of leftist radical movements, especially the Montoneros. The Argentine Communist Party justified its policy by referring to the junta’s growing cooperation with the USSR. The article explores the reasons for this policy of the Communist Party, which caused tension in the international communist movement and the subsequent isolation of the Argentinian Communist Party. The specific political interests of the USSR were supported by the Argentine communists, who, in turn, saw in them a guarantee of their interests in the conditions of the harsh right-wing military regime in the country. For the first time in historiography, this paper, drawing on records from the archive of the CPSU Central Committee, documents the complex process of reconciling the USSR’s economic and political interests in Argentina during this difficult period of the Cold War.
Geopolitics in the South Caucasus: The dynamics of regional rivalry between Turkey and Iran after the Second Karabakh War
Authors: Dudayti Albert K.
Published: August 2024

After the Second Karabakh War, the rivalry between Turkey and Iran for influence and positions in the South Caucasus has intensified. While there is a number of works focusing on Turkish-Iranian relations in the South Caucasus, the dynamics of their confrontational interaction in the region in the post-conflict period have not yet been examined. The relevance of the study is conditioned by the increased role of both Turkey and Iran in the contemporary geopolitics of the South Caucasus and their influence on the complex political and economic processes in the region. In the article, the author traces the strategy of both countries in the South Caucasus and highlights the negative impact of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict on the regional interests of the two countries. The study draws on historical data and a comparative study of the political and economic strategies of both Turkey and Iran in the South Caucasus, based on official documents, speeches of government officials, and international reactions to the actions of both countries in the region. Based on the data presented, the author concludes that there is a growing rivalry between Turkey and Iran in the South Caucasus. Based on their rich historical ties to the region, these countries are making efforts to realise their geopolitical interests. The conflict of interests between Turkey, which seeks to strengthen its influence in the South Caucasus by supporting Azerbaijan, and Iran, which strives to maintain its sphere of regional influence by further developing strategic partnership relations with Armenia, may increase tension and confrontation in the region.
Development of mental regulation of students' psychological states during the learning process
Authors: Prokhorov А. O. , Chernov A. V.
Published: August 2024

The article presents the results of a study of the development of mental regulation of students’ psychological states during their studies at a university. This work is based on authors’ conceptual model of the structural and functional organization of psychological states’ mental regulation. The study was carried out at the initial and final stages of students’ education in everyday and stressful situations of academic activity covering the period from 2019 to 2023. Methods and effectiveness of psychological state self-regulation were studied using well-known valid methods and specially designed questionnaires. Mental structures such as reflection, life meaning orientation, and self-system, as well as individual regulatory properties studied outside educational situations in first (2018) and fourth years (2022) of study were investigated. As a result of the study, it was established, that, regardless of the situation of educational activity, psychological states acquire greater stability (equilibrium) by the senior year of study, which is associated with the effectiveness of states’ self-regulation. Changes in mental structures from the initial course to the final of study are revealed in an increase in the intensity of their manifestations in all main indicators. It has been established that in both situations, during the learning process, students experience an increase in the involvement of mental structures (primarily reflexive) and regulatory properties in the regulation of psychological states. In each situation of educational activity and at each stage of training, there were identified the leading structures of consciousness, determining the choice of self-regulation methods, which, in turn, are associated with the substructures of psychological states. It has been also stablished that from the initial stage of study to the final one, there is an increase in the number of methods used for states’ self-regulation, as well as their relationships with mental structures and regulatory properties of the personality, which indicates the development of a system of mental regulation of students’ psychological states.
On the issue of typologizing the individual characteristics of school children's learning
Authors: Zaitsev S. V.
Published: August 2024

Based on an analysis of the diversity of individual psychological characteristics of students, a concept of “individual characteristics of learning” (ICL) has been characterized. A review of various publications revealed a discrepancy between the large amount of empirical data on student ICLs and the lack of a systematic, stable, and theoretically justified typology. The high variability of identified types under different conditions and circumstances makes it difficult to differentiate one type from another and ensures its reproducibility. This raises questions about the feasibility of creating a scientifically sound practice of individualizing and differentiating learning. The aim of this study is to determine the main reasons for the failure of existing typologies and to create a stable typology of ICL. The hypothesis is put forward that the typologization of students’ ICL based on generalization and categorization of the external manifestations of mental activity cannot be consistent without taking into account internal psychological patterns and dynamic interaction of factors that cause these manifestations in certain conditions of learning activity. To test this hypothesis, several well-known typologies were analyzed, their main shortcomings identified, and conclusions drawn. It was concluded that the true typology of ICL should be based not on similarity in their external manifestations but on similarity of internal psychological patterns determining their manifestation and development.
Utilitarian ethics: the impact of the dark tetrad traits and the mechanisms of moral disengagement
Authors: Kornienko D. S. , Baleva М. V. , Yachmenyova N. P.
Published: August 2024

The Dark Tetrad refers to the combination of four non-clinical traits: machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy, and sadism. These traits are associated with a lack of empathy, a tendency to disregard ethical issues, and a flexible approach to moral principles. The moral disengagement of responsibility involves defense mechanisms that facilitate the process of making callous and unethical judgments. The ongoing research aims to enhance our comprehension of how negative personality traits contribute to morally reprehensible behavior by investigating the role of dark tetrad features in combination with mechanisms of moral disengagement. The study aimed to investigate the connections between Dark Tetrad traits and the mechanisms of moral disengagement, as well as their collective impact on utilitarian decision-making. The hypothesis suggested that machiavellianism and psychopathy would exhibit the most significant correlations with moral disengagement mechanisms. Additionally, it was anticipated that when combined with sadism and moral disengagement mechanisms, these traits would result in the highest predictive capacity in a regression model for utilitarian decisions. The survey involved a sample of 500 participants, specifically students aged 18 to 26, 73.2% women. The study was conducted online. The study utilized the Short Dark Tetrad Questionnaire, a shortened version of the MD-8 Moral Disengagement Scale, and moral dilemmas from the Moral Sense Test. It aimed to explore the relationships between machiavellianism, psychopathy, and non-clinical sadism, as well as the mechanisms of moral disengagement and the inclination to reach utilitarian conclusions in moral dilemmas. The study revealed that machiavellianism, sadism, and the tendency to attribute blame are important factors that contribute to the widespread acceptance of utilitarian decision-making. The acceptability of making a utilitarian judgment using different combinations of moral principles (such as action, intent to cause harm, and contact with the victim) demonstrated the impact of narcissism. When making a utilitarian decision in a dilemma where direct harm is caused to the victim, a prediction model can be created using a combination of sadism, attribution of blame, and younger age. Individuals who display a strong presence of the Dark Tetrad traits, namely machiavellianism, narcissism, and sadism, are inclined to make utilitarian decisions. Additionally, they use various methods to disengage themselves from moral responsibility. One such method involves shifting the blame onto the victim and attributing guilt to them.
Man, and phobias of his body parts: sexual/gender aspects
Authors: Groshev I. V. , Davydova Yu. A.
Published: August 2024

The connection between the parts of the human body and the formation of their phobic plot in men and women is investigated. The methodology of the work was based on a secondary analysis of the results of conducted and published studies on existing objects (the human body and its parts) of phobias. 57 parts of the human body were identified, on which men and women form FTD, of which 15 objects of fear in the group of men cause persistent FT, and in women — 40 objects of fear determine the appearance of phobias and their formation. In men, the greatest fear is caused by the female psyche, and the blush on the face and female ears are the least. In women, the unattractiveness of the face, ugliness, various bodily and facial defects, deformed body, wrinkles and teeth provoke the deepest phobic disorder. As a conclusion, it is concluded that this type of phobias in terms of frequency of development and comorbidity prevails in the group of women who suffer from it more often.
Approbation of the aesthetic emotions scale on a russian sample
Authors: Shestova M. А. , Zabelina М. R. , Vasilchenko U. I. , Anokhina K. V. , Voldiner E. A.
Published: August 2024

There are practically no studies devoted to aesthetic experience in the Russian psychological literature; this may be due to the lack of techniques by which aesthetic judgments, emotions, and meanings — the key components of aesthetic experience — can be measured. The purpose of the study is to approbate the Aesthetic Emotions Scale (AESTHEMOS) on a Russian-speaking sample. The approbation of the AESTHEMOS was carried out in accordance with modern psychometric standards. The methods of parallel and exploratory factor analysis, as well as structural equation modeling, were used to assess structural validity; correlation analysis was used to assess convergent and divergent validity; and the Ferguson coefficient in the Hankins modification was used to assess discriminativity. A sample consists of 473 people (Мage = 23.4; SD = 4.9; Me = 22), of whom 327 are women and 146 are men, 40% of whom have been pursuing an undergraduate degree and 60% have already obtained at least one at the time of approbation. The sample was gathered from May to June 2023, near the various Moscow cultural centers. In the study, the following psychodiagnostics tools were used: Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire Short Form (TEIQue-SF), Engagement With Beauty Scale (EBS 2.0), Emotional Creativity Inventory (ECI), Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM), and Aesthetic Judgments Scale. The results showed that the AESTHEMOS has good psychometric properties: all the scales have a normal distribution and high consistency of points within the scales (Cronbach’s alpha ≥ 0.70). The AESTHEMOS has a high level of discrimination. ΔG = 0.99. The Russian-language version of the AESTHEMOS has constructive validity: the results showed that the AESTHEMOS has a seven-factor structure formed by 21 facets and good psychometric properties, which correspond to the original version (N = 243, χ2/df = 1.90, CFI = 0.965, RMSEA = 0.061). The results of the correlation analysis allowed us to conclude that the AESTHEMOS has convergent and divergent validity.
Lessons of soviet psychology
Authors: Sergienko Е. А.
Published: August 2024

The work is devoted to the analysis of the collection of works “Soviet psychology: the stage of the history of science and mentality” // Responsible. ed. A.L. Zhuravlev, D.V. Ushakov, A.V. Yurevich. Moscow: Publishing house “Institute of Psychology RAS”, 2024. The main ideas presented in 21 articles of this book are highlighted. By studying a retrospective analysis of the works, seven main lessons for modern psychology are formulated, allowing us to see the significance of the Soviet period for the development of science. The first lesson is that despite the ideological pressure and attempts to unify psychology, it implemented the principles of postmodernity and metamodernity, characteristic of modern methodology, with great anticipation. Many ideas and theories were ahead of their time and are relevant and are still being developed today. Lesson two is the formation of psychology as a recognized scientific discipline, which was institutionalized, organized, and acquired a qualifying status. The third lesson teaches us that the space of scientific psychology must be restored: the gaps are closed by the discovery of forgotten names, their achievements and their contribution to the development of scientific thought are analyzed. The development and solution of scientific problems in psychology is rooted in the Soviet period, determining the continuity of scientific knowledge — this is the fourth lesson. The fifth lesson shows us that applied psychology developed intensively during the Soviet period and many of its achievements remain relevant today. The sixth lesson follows from an analysis of the psychology of Soviet people. A real, balanced analysis points to the ambivalence of the characteristics of Soviet people, the limitations of their economic mentality, the presence of double morality, denunciations, and fear of power. Finally, the modern psychological community should not forget what price many scientists paid for their beliefs, what destruction of entire directions in psychology was experienced. The Soviet period of development of Russian psychology is more diverse and ambiguous than previously imagined. The completed project of analyzing the Soviet period of psychology from the perspective of modern science showed its high efficiency and promise. Filling the gaps in the history of Russian psychology is not only fundamental for science, but it is also a moral duty to the generation of Soviet scientists.
Diversity of Hydrobionts of the Different Type Salt Lakes in the South-Eastern Transbaikalia in the Period of Moisture Changing
Authors: Bazarova B. B. , Borzenko S. V. , Tashlykova N. A. , Afonina E. Yu. , Tsybekmitova G. Ts. , Matafonov P. V. , Kuklin A. P.
Published: August 2024

The results of a complex hydrochemical and hydrobiological study of salt lakes in the South-Eastern Transbaikalia during the period of moisture change are presented. The studied lakes, according to the geochemical classification, belong to the chloride and soda types. The taxonomic diversity of aquatic biota decreases while the salinity increases and the hydrochemical type of lakes changes from soda oligo-mesohaline (4–16 g/L) to chloride eu-hyperhaline (33–70 g/L) and to soda hyperhaline (128–231 g/L). In soda oligo-mesohaline and chloride lakes the phytoplankton taxonomic composition is similar and is represented by green and diatom algae, as well as cyanobacteria. Submerged aquatic plants are represented by Stuckenia pectinata in soda oligo-mesohaline lakes. Ruppia maritime was found in the Dabasa-Nor chloride lake. In zooplankton and zoobenthos, rotifers and chironomids dominated respectively. Quantitative characteristics of phytoplankton in oligo-mesohaline lakes are lower than in hyperhaline soda and eu-hyperhaline chloride lakes. The phytomass of submerged aquatic plants, on the contrary, is higher in oligo-mesohaline lakes. In the hypersaline soda lake Borzinskoye, zoobenthos and zooplankton organisms are represented by planktonobenthos species, namely Anostrica, with low abundance.
МОДЕЛЬНІ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ МОРФОФУНКЦІОНАЛЬНИХ ПОКАЗНИКІВ ТА ФІЗИЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВЛЕНОСТІ ТХЕКВОНДИСТІВ 15-17 РОКІВ
Authors: ПАШКОВА Вікторія
Published: August 2024

В статті розкрито побудову модельних характеристик морфофункціональних показників та фізичної підготовленості тхеквондистів 15–17 років на етапі спеціалізованої базової підготовки, які є одним із важливих умов контролю та управління тренувальним процесом тхеквондистів. Мета дослідження – визначити модельні характеристики морфофункціональних особливостей та фізичної підготовленості тхеквондистів 15–17 років. Модельні характеристики тхеквондистів на етапі спеціалізованої базової підготовки 1 та 2 року навчання за більшістю показників мають тенденцію до зменшення діапазону відмінностей між ідеальним та мінімальним значенням у підготовленості спортсменів. Виявлено зменшення ідеального показника модельних характеристик стрибків на скакалці з 138,81 до 36,63, між першим роком навчання та другим, та зменшення діапазону інтервалів між ідеальним та мінімальним на 17,48 %. Дослідженням встановлено зменшення ідеального значення модельних характеристик між першим роком навчання та другим, показника вибухової сили, тесту метання тенісного м’яча на дальність, з 40,25 до 37,47 м, та мінімального – з 14,64 до 13,30. Розробка модельних характеристик тхеквондистів 15–17 років є одним із важливих умов контролю та управління тренувальним процесом тхеквондистів, це сприятиме раціональному підбору засобів та методів підготовки спортсменів з урахуванням їх індивідуальних особливостей. Проведені дослідження можуть використовуватися у моніторингу підготовленості та спортивному відборі тхеквондистів на етапі спеціалізованої базової підготовки.
ЗМІНИ РІВНЯ ФІЗИЧНОЇ ПІДГОТОВЛЕНОСТІ ЗБІРНИХ КОМАНД З БОКСУ ВВНЗ У ПЕРЕДЗМАГАЛЬНОМУ ПЕРІОДІ
Authors: ГУЛЕЙ Купріян , КАЛАБСЬКИЙ Андрій
Published: August 2024

У сучасному спорті високих досягнень додаткові чинники впливу, які сприяють підвищенню рівня спортивної майстерності спортсменів та спортсменок відіграють важливу роль. В їх числі і тренування в умовах природної гіпоксії, які за умови раціонально спланованих навантажень в значній мірі визначають результат спортсменів у змаганнях. Це стосується і підготовки висококваліфікованих боксерів та боксерок. Виявити динаміку показників фізичної підготовленості курсантів-боксерів збірної команди ВВНЗ (на прикладі Національної академії сухопутних військ імені П. Сагайдачного) в умовах навчально-тренувальних зборів в середньогір’ї у перед змагальний період. У дослідженні прийняли участь 23 курсанти – члени чоловічої (n=12) та жіночої (n=11) збірних команд з боксу Академії. Констатувальний експеримент тривав упродовж чотирьох тижнів, тестування рівня фізичної підготовленості відбувалося чотири рази. Оцінювалися зміни показників прудкості, силової витривалості, швидкісно-силових якостей, сили та координаційних здібностей. Упродовж педагогічного експерименту від етапу до етапу тестування ми спостерігали здебільшого позитивну динаміку показників фізичних якостей як в жінок так і в чоловіків, водночас лише на окремих етапах ми спостерігали статистично значимі зміни в деяких фізичних якостях (p<0,05). Водночас у підсумку, аналізуючи вихідні і заключні результати тестувань ми отримали статистично значимі зміни в більшості показників (p<0,05) за винятком динамометрії лівої кисті у жінок, та правої – у чоловіків (p>0,05). Експериментально підтверджено ефективність підготовки боксерів та боксерок в умовах середньогір’я за умови планування раціональних фізичних навантажень з урахуванням рівня індивідуальних можливостей спортсменів та спортсменок щодо рівня їх фізичної підготовленості загалом.
Teaching Writing Skills through Descriptive Text by Using Digital Storytelling “StoryJumper”
Authors: Fitriyani Rahma , Ahsanu Muhamad , Kariadi Mustasyfa Thabib , Riyadi Slamet
Published: August 2024

The aims of this study are to describe the implementation of StoryJumper, to describe the students’ skills in writing descriptive text after being taught using StoryJumper, and to explain the teacher’s and student’s perceptions toward the use of StoryJumper at the tenth-grade of MA Al Ikhsan Beji in the Academic Year 2022/2023. This study used Classroom Action Research (CAR). The subjects of this research were students in class X Social Science 1. The data were collected from observations, tests, and interviews. The result of this research shows that teaching writing skills through descriptive text using digital storytelling “StoryJumper” run effectively. It could be seen from the result of the observation that the teacher and the students could implement StoryJumper as a medium for teaching writing descriptive text properly. The students’ skills in writing descriptive text improved after the implementation of StoryJumper. From the result of the tests, the mean scores increased from 48.95 in pre-test to 71.94 in post-test 1 and to 80.38 in post-test 2. The students’ scores were analyzed using the Paired Samples T-Test in SPSS 20.  The result shows that the p-value is 0.000 which is less than 0.05. It means that the result is statistically significant. The teacher and students also had positive perceptions toward the use of StoryJumper. Furthermore, it can be concluded that digital storytelling “StoryJumper” is effective to be used as a learning medium for writing descriptive text.

 
Keywords: Teaching Writing, Descriptive Text, Digital Storytelling StoryJumper
Pemanfaatan Tanaman dalam Sediaan Kosmetika Sebagai Antioksidan dan Anti-Tirosinase: Narrative Review
Authors: Hajar Resina , Alatas Fikri
Published: August 2024

Studies on the antioxidant activity of various plants growing in Indonesia have been widely conducted, however, information relating to testing its activity as an anti-tyrosinase and its formulation in cosmetic preparations is still limited. This literature review explores the use of plants with antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activity and their development in cosmetic dosage forms. The method for searching references in national and international journals is carried out with the help of the Google Scholar and PubMed search engines published in the last 10 years (2014-2023). After screening by paying attention to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 32 journal articles were used to write this article. Antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activities are found in almost all parts of the plant, which are generally extracted by maceration with ethanol solvent. Various methods for testing antioxidant activity in vitro are generally based on the presence of a redox reaction between a free radical reagent and an antioxidant which is analyzed spectrophotometrically, while testing anti-tyrosinase activity, is generally tested based on reducing the amount of dopachrome formed in the presence of anti-tyrosinase. The use of plants with antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activity in cosmetic preparations has been carried out, although it is still limited to conventional preparations, such as creams and gels.