bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Paroxysms of Choice
Authors: Gardner Howard
Published: September 2018

In this essay Gardner reviews five recently published books that deal with the charter school movement and/or initiatives to provide school vouchers. He begins the review by summarizing the views of selected critics of education. He then moves on to provide a brief history of the charter school and voucher movements pointing out why these movements are seen as attractive by some educational policy makers, politicians and segments of the public at large. To this he adds his own critical review of the supporting and non-supporting evidence for these movements. The essay ends with Gardner’s own suggestions for educational reform. Chief among these is moving toward “educational pathways,” detailed in his recent book The Disciplined Mind, where diversity within public education is obtained through a variety of schools with differing philosophies and educational emphases. (Abstract by Jerry S. Carlson)
Outcomes of Dynamic Assessment with Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Students: A Comparison of Three Teaching Methods Within a Test-Teach-Retest Framework
Authors: Kester Ellen Stubbe , Peña Elizabeth D. , Gillam Ronald B.
Published: September 2018

This study was designed to investigate the dynamic assessment of vocabulary abilities in preschool-aged children from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. Using a test-teach-retest model, we compared the labeling skills of children who received direct instruction (DI), mediated learning experiences (MLE), and hybrid methods during the teaching portion of a dynamic assessment of children’s labeling skills. Children in a control group received the pre- and post-tests without an intervening teaching phase. Children in all three dynamic assessment instruction groups labeled more pictures correctly at retest compared to children in the control group who did not demonstrate labeling gains. Of greater interest, the three teaching strategies resulted in varying degrees of improvement. The labeling scores of children who received MLE and Hybrid instruction improved more from test to retest than the scores of children who received DI. Results suggest that cognitively based dynamic assessment approaches (MLE and Hybrid conditions) help children from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds perform at their optimum level during dynamic assessment.
Tinjauan Fiqh Jinayah terhadap Pencemaran Nama Baik
Authors: Sugara Mareta Bayu
Published: September 2018

Realitas menunjukkan ada tindakan salah tangkap yang menyebabkan pencemaran nama baik seseorang yang dilakukan aparat. Sehingga patut diteliti dalam bentuk skripsi dengan judul: “Tinjauan Fiqh Jinayah terhadap Pencemaran Nama Baik’’. Dalam usaha menjawab masalah dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan penelitian kepustakaan, yaitu dengan melakukan penelitian terhadap bahan kepustakaan, selanjutnya dilakukan analisis yang berhubungan dengan masalah yang diteliti. Kajian dilakukan dengan pendekatan yuridis normatif. Penelitian hukum normatif adalah penelitian hukum yang dilakukan dengan cara meneliti bahan kepustakaan atau data sekunder belaka. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perbuatan pencemaran nama baik atau mencemarkan kehormatan orang mempunyai arti yang sama dengan perbuatan menista seperti yang diatur dalam Pasal 130 KUHP. Tentu perbuatan pencemaran nama baik adalah suatu perbuatan yang melanggar hukum, baik itu dengan lisan maupun dengan tulisan. yang menyerang kehormatan seseorang yang mengakibatkan rusaknya nama baik atau reputasi seseorang, dengan menyebarkan berita yang tidak sesuai dengan fakta, dan menyebarkan berita tersebut kepada khalayak ramai yang bisa menimbulkan kerugian bagi pihak yang bersangkutan. Akhirnya Fiqh Jinayah memandang bahwa tindak pidana Pencemaran nama baik adalah perbuatan yang diharamkan dan masuk kategori hukuman ta’zir (ditetapkan oleh hakim sebagai pengemban legitimasi di bidang penjatuhan hukuman).
A Copula-Based Bayesian Network for Modeling Compound Flood Hazard from Riverine and Coastal Interactions at the Catchment Scale: An Application to the Houston Ship Channel, Texas
Authors: Couasnon Anaïs , Sebastian Antonia , Morales-Nápoles Oswaldo
Published: September 2018

Traditional flood hazard analyses often rely on univariate probability distributions; however, in many coastal catchments, flooding is the result of complex hydrodynamic interactions between multiple drivers. For example, synoptic meteorological conditions can produce considerable rainfall-runoff, while also generating wind-driven elevated sea levels. When these drivers interact in space and time, they can exacerbate flood impacts; this phenomenon is known as compound flooding. In this paper, we build a Bayesian Network based on Gaussian copulas to generate the equivalent of 500 years of daily stochastic boundary conditions for a coastal watershed in Southeast Texas. In doing so, we overcome many of the limitations of conventional univariate approaches and are able to probabilistically represent compound floods caused by riverine and coastal interactions. We calculate the resulting water levels using a 1D steady-state hydraulic model and find that flood stages in the catchment are strongly affected by backwater effects from tributary inflows and downstream water levels. By comparing with a bathtub modeling approach, we show that simplifying the multivariate dependence between flood drivers can lead to an underestimation of flood impacts, highlighting that accounting for multivariate dependence is critical for the accurate representation of flood risk in coastal catchments prone to compound events.
Insights into Machining of a β Titanium Biomedical Alloy from Chip Microstructures
Authors: Kent Damon , Rahman Rashid Rizwan , Bermingham Michael , Attar Hooyar , Sun Shoujin , Dargusch Matthew
Published: September 2018

New metastable β titanium alloys are receiving increasing attention due to their excellent biomechanical properties and machinability is critical to their uptake. In this study machining chip microstructure have been investigated to gain an understanding of strain and temperature fields during cutting. For higher cutting speeds, ≥60 m/min, the chips have segmented morphologies characterised by a serrated appearance. High levels of strain in the primary shear zone promote formation of expanded shear band regions between segments which exhibit intensive refinement of the β phase down to grain sizes below 100 nm. The presence of both α and β phases across the expanded shear band suggests that temperatures during cutting are in the range of 400–600 °C. For the secondary shear zone, very large strains at the cutting interface result in heavily refined and approximately equiaxed nanocrystalline β grains with sizes around 20–50 nm, while further from the interface the β grains become highly elongated in the shear direction. An absence of the α phase in the region immediately adjacent to the cutting interface indicates recrystallization during cutting and temperatures in excess of the 720 °C β transus temperature.
The Friction Properties of Firebrat Scales
Authors: Hirai Yuji , Okuda Naoto , Saito Naoki , Ogawa Takahiro , Machida Ryuichiro , Nomura Shûhei , Ôhara Masahiro , Haseyama Miki , Shimomura Masatsugu
Published: September 2018

Friction is an important subject for sustainability due to problems associated with energy loss. Recent years, surface micro- and nanostructures have attracted much attention to reduce friction; however, suitable structures are still under consideration. Many functional surfaces are present in nature, such as the friction reduction surfaces of snake skins. In this study, we focused on firebrats, Thermobia domestica, living in narrow spaces such as under bark, so their surface frequently contacts with surrounding surfaces. We speculate that their body surface would be adapted to reduce friction. To investigate the firebrat surface functions, firebrat surfaces were observed by using a field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and a colloidal probe atomic force microscope (AFM), respectively. Results of surface observations by the FE-SEM revealed that firebrats are entirely covered with scales, whose surfaces have micro groove structures. Scale groove periods around the firebrat's head are almost uniform within a scale but vary between scales. AFM friction force measurements revealed that firebrat scale reduces friction by decreasing contact area between scales and a colloidal probe. The heterogeneity of groove periods of the scales suggest that it is difficult to fix the whole body in particular rough surfaces and that lead to be "fail-safe".
Acoustic Properties of Composite Synthesized from Activated Zeolite and Fibre
Authors: Hidjan Hidjan , Sutanto Sutanto , Rohadi Nanang
Published: September 2018

The unique porous crystal structure of zeolite offers various important utilizations, it is one of the considerations in selecting zeolite at this study as component of composite for restraining noise. It so happens, previous experiments show that banana stem has porous structure, fibrous, high flexibility and can be applied as material for many various products including as component of acoustic material. The combination of both is alleged that it has capability in absorbing noise. This paper presents an investigation on the composite that it was synthesized of Activated Zeolite and Banana Stem Fibre in various weight for determining its sound absorption coefficient alpha (a). Activating natural zeolite was conducted by using 6M HCl in order for enlarging zeolite pores. The sound absorption coefficient was measured in the frequency range between 125 Hz up to 6000 Hz. The results show that the different weight of banana stem fibre as component of the synthesized composite affects the value of alpha and shifts the frequency area.
Detection of Chloroalkanes by Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy in Microfluidic Chip
Authors: Pilát Zdeněk , Kizovský Martin , Ježek Jan , Krátký Stanislav , Sobota Jaroslav , Šiler Martin , Samek Ota , Buryška Tomáš , Vaňáček Pavel , Damborský Jiří , Prokop Zbyněk , Zemánek Pavel
Published: September 2018

Optofluidics, a research discipline combining optics with microfluidics, currently aspires to revolutionize the analysis of biological and chemical samples e.g. for medicine, pharmacology, or molecular biology. In order to detect low concentrations of analytes in water, we developed an optofluidic device containing a nanostructured substrate for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). The geometry of the gold surface allows localized plasmon oscillations to give rise to the SERS effect, in which the Raman spectral lines are intensified by the interaction of the plasmonic field with the electrons in the molecular bonds. The SERS substrate was enclosed in a microfluidic system, which allowed transport and precise mixing of the analyzed fluids, while preventing contamination or abrasion of the highly sensitive substrate. To illustrate its practical use, we employed the device for quantitative detection of persistent environmental pollutant 1,2,3-trichloropropane in water in submillimolar concentrations. The developed sensor allows fast and simple quantification of halogenated compounds and it will contribute towards the environmental monitoring and enzymology experiments with engineered haloalkane dehalogenase enzymes.
Impact of Age-Adjusted Charlson Comorbidity on Hospital Survival and Short-Term Outcome of Patients with Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Authors: Tseng Li-Jung , Yu Hsi-Yu , Wang Chih-Hsien , Chi Nai-Hsin , Huang Shu-Chien , Chou Heng-Wen , Chou Nai-Kwoun , Shih Hsin-Chin , Chen Yih-Sharng
Published: September 2018

Background: Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) has gradually come to be regarded as an effective therapy, but the hospital mortality rate after ECPR is still high and unpredictable. The present study tested whether age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (ACCI) can be used as an objective selection criterion to ensure the most efficient utilization of medical resources. Methods: Adult patients (age ³ 18 years) receiving ECPR at our institution between 2006 and 2015 were included. Data regarding ECPR events and ACCI characteristics were collected immediately after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) setup. Adverse events during hospitalization were also prospectively collected. The primary endpoint was survival to hospital discharge. The second endpoint was short-term (2-year) follow-up outcome. Results: A total of 461 patients included in the study were grouped into low ACCI (ACCI 0–3) (240, 52.1%) and high ACCI (ACCI 4–13) (221, 47.9%) groups. The median ACCI was 2 (IQR: 1–3) and 5 (IQR: 4–7) for the low and high ACCI groups, respectively (P < 0.001). Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)-to-ECMO duration was comparable between the groups (42.1 ± 25.6 and 41.3 ± 20.7 min in the low and high ACCI groups, respectively; P = 0.754). Regarding hospital survival rate, 256 patients (55.5%) died on ECMO support. A total of 205 patients (44.5%) were successfully weaned off ECMO, but only 138 patients (29.9%) survived to hospital discharge (32.1% and 27.6% in low and high ACCI group, P = 0.291). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed CPR-to-ECMO duration and CPR cause of septic shock as significant risk factors for hospital survival after ECPR (P = 0.043 and 0.014, respectively), whereas age and ACCI were not (P = 0.334 and 0.164, respectively). The 2-year survival rate after hospital discharge for the 138 hospital survivors was 96% and 74% in the low and high ACCI groups, respectively (P = 0.002.)Conclusions: High ACCI before ECPR does not predict poor outcome of hospital survival. Therefore, ECPR should not be rejected solely due to high ACCI. However, high ACCI in hospital survivors is associated with a higher 2-year mortality rate than low ACCI, and patients with high ACCI should be closely followed up.
River Network Rearrangements in Amazonia Shake Biogeography and Civil Security
Authors: Ruokolainen Kalle , Massaine Moulatlet G. , Zuquim G. , Hoorn C. , Tuomisto H.
Published: September 2018

The scene for regional biogeography and human settlements in Central Amazonia is set by the river network, which presumably consolidated in the Pliocene. However, we present geomorphological and sediment chronological data showing that the river network has been anything but stable. Even during the last 50 kyr, the tributary relationships have repeatedly changed for four major rivers, together corresponding to one third of the discharge of the Amazon. The latest major river capture event converted the Japurá from a tributary of the Rio Negro to a tributary of the Amazon only 1000 years ago. Such broad-scale lability implies that rivers cannot have been as efficient biogeographical dispersal barriers as has generally been assumed, but that their effects on human societies can have been even more profound. Climate change and deforestation scenarios predict increasing water levels during peak floods, which will likely increase the risk of future river avulsions. This may have disastrous consequences for the local human societies, especially in those areas where the current floodplains are at only marginally lower elevations than the nearest water divide. We suggest that the prevailing paradigm of rivers as principal structuring elements of Amazonian biogeography needs to be re-evaluated, and that land use planning and civil risk assessment should take the possibility of river avulsions into account.
Redox Signaling of NADPH Oxidases Regulates Oxidative Stress Responses, Immunity, and Aging
Authors: Ewald Collin Y.
Published: September 2018

An accumulating body of evidence suggests that physiological reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by NADPH oxidases act as a redox signal to re-establish homeostasis, a capacity that progressively declines during aging, but is maintained in long-lived animals to promote healthy aging. In the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans, ROS generated by dual oxidases (Duox) are important for extracellular matrix integrity, pathogen defense, oxidative stress resistance, and longevity. The Duox enzymatic activity is tightly regulated and under cellular control. Developmental molting cycles, pathogen infections, toxins, mitochondrial-derived ROS, drugs, and small GTPases (RHO-1) can activate Duox (BLI-3) to generate ROS, whereas NADPH oxidase inhibitors and negative regulators, such as MEMO-1, can inhibit Duox to generate ROS. Three mechanisms-of-action have been discovered for the Duox/BLI-3-generated ROS: 1) enzymatic activity to catalyze cross-linking of free tyrosine ethyl ester in collagen bundles to stabilize extracellular matrices, 2) high ROS bursts/levels to kill pathogens, and 3) Redox signaling activating downstream kinase cascades to transcription factors orchestrating oxidative stress- and immunity responses to re-establish homeostasis. Although Duox function at the cell surface is well established, recent genetic and biochemical data also suggests a novel role for Duoxs at the endoplasmic reticulum membrane to control redox signaling. Evidence underlying these mechanisms initiated by ROS from NADPH oxidases and their relevance for human aging are discussed in this review. Appropriately controlling NADPH oxidase activity for local and physiological redox signaling to maintain cellular homeostasis might be a therapeutic strategy to promote healthy aging.
Incipient Bulk Polycrystal Plasticity Observed by Synchrotron in-situ Topotomography
Authors: Proudhon Henry , Gueninchault Nicolas , Forest Samuel , Ludwig Wolfgang
Published: September 2018

In this paper, we present a comprehensive 4D study of the early stage of plastic deformation in a polycrystalline binary AlLi alloy. The entire microstructure is mapped with X-ray diffraction contrast tomography and a set of bulk grains is further studied via X-ray topotomography during mechanical loading. The observed contrast is analyzed with respect to the slip system activation and the evolution of the orientation spread is measured as a function of applied strain. The experimental observations are augmented by the mechanical response predicted by crystal plasticity finite element simulations to analyze the onset of plasticity in details. Simulation results show a general agreement of the individual slip system activation during loading and that comparison with experiments at the length scale of the grains may be used to fine tune the constitutive model parameters.
Towards Individualized Use of Probiotics and Prebiotics for Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Diseases Treatment: Does Pathophysiology-Based Approach Work and Can Anticipated Evidence Be Completed?
Authors: Bubnov Rostyslav , Spivak Mykola
Published: September 2018

The modification the gut microbiota in metabolic syndrome and associated chronic diseases is among leading tasks of microbiome research and needs for clinical use of probiotics. Evidence lack for the implications for microbiome modification to improve metabolic health in particular when applied impersonalized. Probiotics have tremendous potential in personalized nutrition and medicine to develop healthy diets. The aim was to to conduct comprehensive overview of recent updates of role of microbiota on human health and development of metabolic syndrome and efficacy of microbiota modulation considering specific properties of probiotic strain and particular aspects of metabolic syndrome and patient`s phenotype to fill the gap between probiotic product and individual to facilitate development of individualized / personalized probiotic and prebiotic treatments. We discuss the relevance of using host phenotype-associated biomarkers, those based on imaging and molecular and patrient`s history, reliable and accessible to facilitate person-specific appication of probiotics and prebiotic substances. Microbiome phenotypes can be parameters of predictive medicine to recognize patient`s predispositions and evaluate treatment responses; the number of phenotype markers can be effectively involved to monitor microbiome modulation. The studied strain-dependent properties of probiotic strains are potentially relevant for individualized treatment for gut and distant sites microbiome modulation. The evidence regarding probiotic strains properties can be taken to account via pathophysiology-based approach for most effective individualized treatment via gut, oral and vaginal and other sites microbiome modulation according to phenotype of the patient providing individualized and personalized medical approaches. Preventive potential of probiotics is strong and well-documented. Recommendations for individualized clinical use of probiotics, and for probiotic studies design have been suggested.
An ultradian feeding schedule in rats affects metabolic gene expression in liver, brown adipose tissue and skeletal muscle with only mild effects on circadian clocks
Authors: de Goede Paul , Sen Satish , Su Yan , Foppen Ewout , Poirel Vincet-Joseph , Challet Etienne , Kalsbeek Andries
Published: September 2018

Restricted feeding is well known to affect expression profiles of both clock and metabolic genes. However, it is unknown whether these changes in metabolic gene expression result from changes in the molecular clock or in feeding behavior. Here we eliminated the daily rhythm in feeding behavior by providing 6-meals evenly distributed over the light/dark-cycle. Animals on this 6-meals-a-day feeding schedule retained the normal day/night difference in physiological parameters including body temperature and locomotor activity. The daily rhythm in respiratory exchange ratio (RER), however, was significantly phase-shifted through increased utilization of carbohydrates during the light phase and increased lipid oxidation during the dark phase. This 6-meals-a-day feeding schedule did not have a major impact on the clock gene expression rhythms in the master clock but did have mild effects on peripheral clocks. By contrast, genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism showed differential expression. Concluding, eliminating the daily rhythm in feeding behavior in rats does not affect the master clock and only mildly affects peripheral clocks, but disturbs metabolic rhythms in liver, skeletal muscle and brown adipose tissue in a tissue-dependent manner. Thereby a clear daily rhythm in feeding behavior strongly regulates timing of peripheral metabolism, separately from circadian clocks.
DEVELOPMENT OF TASAWUF IN SOUTH SULAWESI
Authors: Ridhwan Ridhwan
Published: September 2018

Abstrac

This paper describes the development of Sufism in South Sulawesi. As in the archipelago such as Aceh, Minangkabau, Palembang, Banten, Demak, Banjar and Ternate, Gowa and Bone as the epicenter of the development of Islam in South Sulawesi is also influenced by Islamic teachings of tasawuf. The preachers who brought Islam to the archipelago were Sufis who taught Sufism. During this happening contestation and clash between the philosophical color of Ibn Arabi and tasawuf al-Gazali, then Sufism's style that developed in South Sulawesi society successfully reconciled these two domains which then called Neosufisme. The main figure of Sufism in this period is Sheikh Yusuf al-Makassari who developed Tarekat khalwatiyah Yusufiyah and Sheikh Abdul Munir Syamsul Arifin developed Khalwatiyah Sammaniyah. This tarekat then gives influence to the people of South Sulawesi, especially in the Kingdom of Gowa for ethnic Makassar and the Kingdom of Bone for ethnic Bugis. The influence of Sufism is still being felt in various aspects
PROPOSING A MODEL FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP DEVELOPMENT: THE ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURS’ CASH WAQF INTENTION
Authors: Musa Sherifah Oshioke , Che Mohd Salleh Marhanum
Published: September 2018

This paper aims to propose a model of entrepreneurship development by focusing on the role of cash waqf intention as a mediator on the relationship of cash waqf awareness, religiosity, attitude towards act, subjective norms, perceived behavioral and entrepreneurship development. By enhancing the theory of planned behavior, a structured question was designed to survey 459 Nigerian entrepreneurs. SEM analysis was used to test the theoretical framework and to propose a model of entrepreneurship development in Nigeria by means of Waqf. Result shows that the most important variables to explain entrepreneurs’ cash waqf intention for business growth are cash waqf awareness and attitude towards cash waqf. It is argued in this research that the presence of high level of cash waqf awareness and the attitude towards cash waqf can play an important role in achieving business growth. The paper extends the applicability of the theory of planned behavior, cash waqf awareness and religiosity in investigating the effect of cash waqf intention for business development.
AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF CONSUMPTION BEHAVIOUR IN SELECTED OIC COUNTRIES
Authors: Shaikh Salman Ahmed , Ismail Mohd Adib , Ismail Abdul Ghafar , Shahimi Shahida , Mohd. Shafiai Muhammad Hakimi
Published: September 2018

This study examines the consumption behaviour in Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) countries. It presents empirical evidence on rational expectations permanent income hypothesis (RE-PIH) and tests whether the phenomena of myopia, liquidity constraints or loss aversion impede forward-looking consumption behaviour. It also attempts to measure the intertemporal elasticity of substitution. The empirical evidence defies the existence of consumption smoothing phenomena as postulated in RE-PIH. The results support loss aversion. The response of consumption to unexpected income changes is statistically significant in only one-third of the countries. In contrast, the response of consumption to expected income changes is statistically as well as economically significant in as many countries. The intertemporal elasticity of substitution is also statistically insignificant in most of the countries and the elasticity is generally not positive. For the Islamic finance industry, the results help in explaining the low penetration of equity-based risk sharing instruments. From the policy perspective, the excess sensitivity of consumption to income suggests that redistribution efforts to enhance incomes of poor could help in enhancing their consumption levels.
Studying Biomimetic Coated Niobium as an Alternative Dental Implant Material to Titanium (in vitro and in vivo study)
Authors: AM Ali , L. Thair , J Intisar
Published: September 2018

Commercially pure titanium (cpTi) is widely used as dental implant material although it was found that titanium exhibited high modulus of elasticity and the lower corrosion tendency in oral environment. Niobium(Nb) was chosen for this study as an alternative to cpTi implant material due to its bioinert behavior and good elastic modulus and moderate cost in addition to corrosion resistance. This study was done to evaluate the effect of biomimetic coating on the surface properties of the commercially pure titanium and niobium implants by in vitro and in vivo experiments. The in vitro study was involved etching the samples of each material in HCl then soaking in 10M NaOH aqueous solution. These samples were then immersed in a 5 times concentrated simulated body fluid for 14 days. Scanning Electron Microscope, Energy Dispersive X-ray, and X-Ray Diffraction tests were done to analyze surface changes. The in vivo study was done by the implantation of screw-shaped implants (two from each material, uncoated and the other was biomimetically coated) in the tibias of New Zealand rabbits. After 2 and 4 weeks of healing period, 20 rabbits were sacrificed for each period. A removal torque was done for ten animals in each group, whereas the other ten were used for histological testing and histomorphometric analysis with optical microscope.The in vitro experiments showed that the use of 14 days immersion in a concentrated simulated body fluid produced a layer of calcium phosphate on metal surfaces. The removal torque values and new bone formation were increased significantly in Nb than Ti, in coated than uncoated screws, and in 4 weeks than 2 weeks healing periods. The Nb implants had better biomechanical and biological properties than the commercially pure titanium implants and can be used as an alternative dental implant.
Study of the Electric Quadrupole Moments for some Scandium Isotopes Using Shell Model Calculations with Different Interactions
Authors: Ali Ahmed H.
Published: September 2018

The electric quadrupole moments for some scandium isotopes (41, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47Sc) have been calculated using the shell model in the proton-neutron formalism. Excitations out of major shell model space were taken into account through a microscopic theory which is called core polarization effectives. The set of effective charges adopted in the theoretical calculations emerging about the core polarization effect. NushellX@MSU code was used to calculate one body density matrix (OBDM). The simple harmonic oscillator potential has been used to generate the single particle matrix elements. Our theoretical calculations for the quadrupole moments used the two types of effective interactions to obtain the best interaction compared with the experimental data. The theoretical results of the quadrupole moments for some scandium isotopes performed with FPD6 interaction and Bohr-Mottelson effective charge agree with experimental values.
An Efficient Numerical Method for Solving Volterra-Fredholm Integro-Differential Equations of Fractional Order by Using Shifted Jacobi-Spectral Collocation Method
Authors: AL-Safi Mohammed G. S.
Published: September 2018

The aim of this article is to solve the Volterra-Fredholm integro-differential equations of fractional order numerically by using the shifted Jacobi polynomial collocation method. The Jacobi polynomial and collocation method properties are presented. This technique is used to convert the problem into the solution of linear algebraic equations. The fractional derivatives are considered in the Caputo sense. Numerical examples are given to show the accuracy and reliability of the proposed technique.
Validación del Cuestionario de Regulación Emocional Cognitiva en pacientes mexicanas con cáncer de mama
Authors: Gálvez-Hernández Carmen Lizette , Rivera-Fong Liliana , Linares-Buitrón Ángela Virginia , Zapata-Barrera Sergio , Mohar-Betancourt Alejandro , Calleja Nazira , Villarreal-Garza Cynthia
Published: September 2018

[No disponible]
El análisis de las desigualdades en salud: comentarios a Julio Pisanty-Alatorre
Authors: Medina-Gómez Oswaldo Sinoe , Espinosa-Felix Jacqueline , Ramos-Orenday Karla Sarahí
Published: September 2018

[No disponible]
Penelusuran Miskonsepsi Operasi Bilangan Bulat dalam Pembelajaran Matematika Pada Mahasiswa PGMI dengan Menggunakan Cri (Certainty of Respon Index)
Authors: Fatmahanik Ulum
Published: September 2018

Abstract: The academic anxiety in this paper is the misconception of MI prospective teachers at IAIN Ponorogo in understanding the concept of integer operations. This study aims to trace the misconception of integer operations which includes addition, subtraction, multiplication and division by using a number line. The research method used is descriptive qualitative. The subjects of this study are students of GMI.D class of PGMI IAIN Ponorogo who are taking the course of mathematics learning MI which amounted to 32 students. To trace the misconception of students used Certainty of Response Index (CRI) so as to distinguish between students who have misconception with students who do not understand the concept. The instrument used in this study is a test in the form of a diagnostic test in the form of essays accompanied by Certainty of Response Index (CRI), and interviews conducted on students who experience misconception. Based on the results of the search for misconceptions of integer operations the causes of such misconceptions are 1) the principle of using the number lines in inconsistent integer operations; 2) count operation and type of number; 3) the interpretation of the form a + (-b); a - (-b); a x b and a: b, 4) the number of irrelevant reference books; 5) wrong concept of integer operation. ملخص: المشكلة الدافعة لإجراء هذه الدراسة هي المفاهيم الخاطئة لدى طلاب قسم التربية لإعداد مدرسي المدارس الابتدائية الجامعة الإسلامية الحكومية فونوروغو في فهم مفهوم عملية عدد صحيح. هدف هذا البحث إلى العثور على المفاهيم الخاطئة عن عملية عدد صحيح المحتوية على الجمع، والطرح، والتقسيم باستخدام الخط العددي. استخدم هذا البحث طريقة البحث الوصفي الكيفي. وموضوعات البحث هي طلاب  الصف  GMI.D   قسم إعداد معلمي المدارس الإبتدائية الجامعة الإسلامية الحكومية فونوروغو وهم يدرسون تعليم الرياضيات للمدارس الإبتدائية، وعددهم 32 طالبا. وللعثور على المفاهيم الخاطئة لدى الطلاب استخدمت أداة Certainty of Response Index (CRI) حتى يمكن التفريق بين الطلاب المصابون بالمفاهيم الخاطئة والطلاب غير الفاهمين للمفاهيم. وأداة البحث المستخدمة هي الاختبار التشخيصي وفيه الأسئلة الاستيعابية ومعها Certainty of Response Index (CRI)، والمقابلة التي تجرى على الطلاب المصابين بالمفاهيم الخاطئة. ونتائج البحث دلت على أن أسباب وقوع المفاهيم الخاطئة لدى الطلاب هي : 1) أساس استخدام الخط العددي في عملية عدد صحيح الغير المنضبط، 2) عملية الحساب وأنواع العدد، 3) تفسير الشكل a + (-b);  a – (-b);  a x b dan a : b, ، 4) كثرة المراجع غير المناسبة، 5) المفهوم الخاطئ عن عملية العدد الصحيح.
Improving an Active‐Optical Reflectance Sensor Algorithm Using Soil and Weather Information
Authors: Bean G.M. , Kitchen N.R. , Camberato J.J. , Ferguson R.B. , Fernandez F.G. , Franzen D.W. , Laboski C.A.M. , Nafziger E.D. , Sawyer J.E. , Scharf P.C. , Schepers J. , Shanahan J.S.
Published: September 2018

Core Ideas

Canopy sensor performance improved using site‐specific information.

Evenness of early‐season rainfall is crucial for adjusting N recommendations.

Adjusting N recommendations using measured vs. USDA mapped soil data performed alike

Active‐optical reflectance sensors (AORS) use light reflectance characteristics from a crop canopy as an indicator of the plant’s N health. However, studies have shown AORS algorithms used in conjunction with measured reflectance characteristics for corn (Zea mays L.) N fertilizer rate recommendations are not consistently accurate. Our objective was to determine if soil and weather information could be utilized with an AORS algorithm developed at the University of Missouri (ALGMU) to improve in‐season (∼V9 corn development stage) N fertilizer recommendations. Nitrogen response trials were conducted across eight states over three growing seasons, totaling 49 sites with soils ranging in productivity. Nitrogen fertilizer rates according to the ALGMU were compared to economic optimal nitrogen rate (EONR). Without soil and weather information included, the root mean square error (RMSE) of the difference between ALGMU and EONR (MUDIFF) was 81 and 74 kg N ha−1 for treatments receiving 0 and 45 kg N ha−1 applied at planting, respectively. When ALGMU was adjusted using weather (seasonal precipitation and distribution prior to sidedress) and soil clay content, the RMSE was reduced by 24 to 26 kg N ha−1. Without adjustment, 20 and 29% of sites were within 34 kg N ha−1 of EONR with 0 and 45 kg N ha−1 at planting, respectively. But with adjustment for soil and weather data, 45 and 51% of sites were within 34 kg N ha−1 of EONR. These results show that weather and soil information could be used to improve ALGMU N recommendation performance.
Root System Architecture and Its Association with Yield under Different Water Regimes in Durum Wheat
Authors: El Hassouni K. , Alahmad S. , Belkadi B. , Filali-Maltouf A. , Hickey L. T. , Bassi F. M.
Published: September 2018

Durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) is a major cereal crop grown globally, but its production is often hindered by droughts. Breeding for adapted root system architecture should provide a strategic solution for better capturing moisture. The aim of this research was to adapt low‐cost and high‐throughput methods for phenotyping root architecture and exploring the genetic variability among 25 durum genotypes. Two protocols were used: the “clear pot” for seminal root and the “pasta strainer” to evaluate mature roots. Analysis of variance revealed significant segregation for all measured traits with strong genetic control. Shallow and deep root classes were determined with different methods and then tested in yield trials at five locations with different water regimes. Simple trait measurements did not correlate to any of the traits consistently across field sites. Multitrait classification instead identified significant superiority of deep‐rooted genotypes with 16 to 35% larger grains in environments with limited moisture, but 9 to 24% inferior in the drip irrigated site. Combined multitrait classification identified a 28 to 42% advantage in grain yield for the class with deeper roots at two environments where moisture was limited. Further discrimination revealed that yield advantage of 37 to 38% under low moisture could be achieved by the deepest root types, but that it also caused a 20 to 40% yield penalty in moisture‐rich environments compared with the shallowest root types. In conclusion, the proposed methodologies enable low‐cost and quick characterization of root behavior in durum wheat with significant distinction of agronomic performance.
Heterotic Patterns among Algerian, US Corn Belt, and European Flint Maize Populations under the Mediterranean Conditions of North Africa
Authors: Cherchali Fatima Zohra , Ordás Bernardo , Revilla Pedro , Pedrol Nuria , Djemel Abderahmane
Published: September 2018

Algerian maize (Zea mays L.) landraces could play an important role in improving commercial maize hybrids under stress conditions. To study this, we identified heterotic patterns by crossing six Algerian maize populations from a collection of accessions (defined by germplasm accession codes) that represent Saharan maize in a diallel design without reciprocals. Furthermore, to define heterotic relationships among Algerian germplasm and previous heterotic groups, these populations were crossed, following the North Carolina II (NCII) mating design, with two representatives of the heterotic pattern north Spain × south Spain (European flint) and with one population from US Corn Belt dent. The populations per se, their respective crosses, and checks were evaluated in Algiers, Algeria, in 2015 and 2016. Highly significant varietal effects for early vigor, reducing flowering time, and increasing yield production were observed among Algerian maize populations. Among Algerian crosses, AOR × IZM presented significant and positive specific heterosis for early vigor, whereas AOR × IGS and IZM × MST were the most outstanding crosses for yield. Concerning the NCII, AS3(HT)C3 × IZM had the highest performance for early vigor and yield, followed by EPS13(FR)C3 × BAH, EPS14(FR)C3 × MST, and AS3(HT)C3 × SHH. We found a high degree of genetic divergence among Algerian maize populations and between Algerian maize populations and Corn Belt dent and European flint germplasm from northern and southern Spain. These populations, particularly AOR, IGS, and IZM, could be used for intrapopulation and/or interpopulation selection, or for further inbred line development.
Agronomic Responses of Brassica carinata to Herbicide, Seeding Rate, and Nitrogen on the Northern Great Plains
Authors: Hossain Zakir , Johnson Eric N. , Blackshaw Robert E. , Liu Kui , Kapiniak Arlen , Gampe Cindy , Molnar Louis , Luan Limin , Poppy Lee , Gan Yantai
Published: September 2018

Brassica carinata A. Braun seeds contain high erucic and linolenic acids that are desirable for biofuel and biopolymer products. However, key agronomic practices to maximize carinata productivity on the Northern Great Plains are not well known. Here, we investigated the response of seed yield and quality to three key agronomic factors—herbicide, seeding rate, and N. The factorial experiment, conducted in nine environments (site‐years) on the Canadian prairies from 2014 to 2016, included two weed control options (weedy vs. weed‐controlled), three levels of N application (low = 32–97 kg N ha−1, medium = 75–198 kg N ha−1, and high = 117–297 kg N ha−1), and five seeding rates (50, 100, 150, 200, and 300 seeds m−2). On average, weed biomass with the herbicide‐applied treatment was 245 kg dry matter ha−1, significantly lower than the 1338 kg dry matter ha−1 with the non‐herbicide treatment, leading to 37% greater seed yield. In four of the nine environments, medium and high N fertilizer rates increased seed yield by 29 and 45%, respectively, compared with the low‐N treatment, but N fertilizer did not affect yield in the remaining five environments. Increasing seeding rates decreased weed biomass and increased seed yield. Seed oil and protein contents ranged from 37.2 to 48.5% and 22.6 to 36.3%, respectively, and these two traits had an inverse linear relationship. These results demonstrate that carinata may be well adapted to the Northern Great Plains as an alternative oilseed crop, and that seed yield and quality responses to key agronomic factors can vary with environmental conditions.
The Effect of Drying around Power Cables on the Vadose Zone Temperature
Authors: Hruška Marina , Clauser Christoph , De Doncker Rik W.
Published: September 2018

Core Ideas

We show the impact of soil hydraulic properties on its critical temperature.

Ambient conditions have a larger impact in some fields than local soil parameters.

We introduce a parameter for optimizing cable backfill based on hydraulic properties.

The effects of moisture migration away from power cables depend strongly in most soils on whether the soil has reached the so‐called critical conditions (e.g., critical temperature) for a dry‐out. However, research on how to estimate this critical temperature has been limited. We solved numerically a differential equation for the planar case of steady‐state coupled heat and mass transfer in porous media, using the van Genuchten–Mualem model for the hydraulic properties of the medium. The critical isotherm is assessed by the temperature at which the steepest change occurs in the moisture content with temperature. We considered the impact of the properties of the surrounding medium and of the ambient temperature and moisture content on the dry‐out temperature. We found that seasonal variations in ambient conditions in a field in Italy have a greater impact on the critical temperature than the variations in soil properties in that field (under the assumption of a nearly uniform moisture content with depth). However, our analysis shows that, under certain conditions, a change in the van Genuchten parameter n and in a specific combination of parameters that we call a dynamic parameter can have as large an effect on the critical temperature. This suggests a direction in the optimization of backfill materials.
A reassessment of the relationship between working capital management and firm performance: evidence from non-financial companies in Nigeria
Authors: Simon Sunday , Sawandi Norfaiezah , Ali Abdul-Hamid Mohamad
Published: September 2018

This paper reassesses the relationship between working capital management (WCM) and firm performance in the Nigerian context. The study is motivated by the limited insights available on the impacts of WCM on firm performance in the country. To date, most studies from Nigeria have been largely descriptive and focused on a small sample size that is non-representative of the population. In addition, there are limited rigorous statistical analyses involved in such studies. This paper addresses the methodological limitations apparent in prior literature and provides a better understanding of the relationship between WCM and firm performance, revealing how firms can manage their operations more profitably. The paper adopts a panel data regression analysis on a sample of 75 non-financial firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange from 2007 to 2015. The results of the analyses showed that WCM variables have an inconsistent relationship with the measures of performance adopted, which were return on assets and Tobin’s Q. Specifically, accounts receivable management and inventory management were negatively associated with the return on assets, while accounts payable management, cash conversion cycle and cash conversion efficiency were positively associated with return on assets. Additionally, accounts receivable management and inventory management were positively associated with Tobin’s Q, whereas accounts payable management, cash conversion cycle and cash conversion efficiency were negatively associated with Tobin’s Q. These results were found to be robust using quantile regression. The results of the quantile regression showed inconsistency across the various quantiles used (0.10, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75). These findings have two important implications. The first is that WCM variables influence the performance of firms. The second is that the mixed findings partly indicate that firms and managers must understand and formulate WCM policies that reflect their peculiar conditions.
O crítico e o cronista na interface de um gênero “menor”
Authors: Charlon Maria De Lourdes Patrini , Medeiros Mácio Alves de
Published: September 2018

O presente trabalho discute a presença do crítico literário Antonio Candido nos arquivos que compõem um acervo de crônicas e textos diversos publicados pelo escritor capixaba Rubem Braga. Essa discussão foi gerada a partir da identificação da presença desse crítico brasileiro em textos escritos por Rubem Braga, na análise feita a respeito das crônicas escritas por este e, também, em situações variadas envolvendo a literatura e outros escritores. Nesse processo, as palavras do crítico literário auxiliam a compreensão do gênero crônica dentro do próprio espaço em que os textos se apresentam para o leitor e, ademais, permitem ao pesquisador confirmar, pela autoridade consolidada de Antonio Candido, a importância da crônica para a literatura e a cultura brasileira.
Teoria do poder como teoria da cidadania
Authors: Aguiar Odilio Alves
Published: September 2018

O ensaio pretende realizar uma leitura da obra Política (Πολιτικών), de Aristóteles, a partir de uma chave interpretativa que está sugerida na obra de Hannah Arendt. A ideia é compreender a proposta de Aristóteles sobre a fundamentação da cidade (Πόλις), baseada na categoria cidadão (πολίτης). Para iluminar esse caminho, seguindo a trilha de Arendt, explanaremos o interesse comum (κοινή σύμφερον), em Aristóteles, significando convivência, vida em conjunto. Essa direção nos conduziu à mudança no entendimento a respeito do melhor regime (Τῆν ὰρίστην πολιτέιας) para a cidade. A preocupação aristotélica passa do regime perfeito e excelente (τελείαν πολιτέιαν) para estabilidade (ασφαλέια) da cidade. Essa mudança realizou-se na medida em que o pensador percebeu a vida comum como essencialmente plural. A assimilação das várias partes da cidade no regime, isto é, na distribuição do poder, é um dos principais requisitos para se alcançar a estabilidade. O regime identificado por Aristóteles, que melhor representa essa perspectiva, é o regime misto, assunto a ser abordado na última parte deste ensaio.