bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors associated with the quality of life of caregivers of children and adolescents with chronic conditions
Authors: Cardoso Érika Leite da Silva , Santos Sérgio Ribeiro dos , Araújo Yana Balduíno de , Neves Nívea Trindade de Araújo Tiburtino , Nascimento João Agnaldo do
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the quality of life and associated factors in caregivers of children and adolescents with chronic conditions. Method Cross-sectional study, developed with data from the Children Information System of Adolescents with Chronic Diseases. The sample consisted of 143 caregivers. Data collection took place between August and October 2018. For data analysis, chi-square statistics and Binary Logistic Regression were used. Results Through the study it was possible to identify that the variables that had impact on the low quality of life of the caregiver were: greater number of children with chronic conditions, routine use of medication, and financial limitations, which were considered risk factors. In turn, owning a home and having emotional support were protective factors. Conclusion It was observed that the caregivers had low quality of life, and knowledge of the factors that contribute to this may enable an outstanding care to the caregiver.
Melhoramento cognitivo farmacológico: futuro promissor? Ou futuro inevitável?
Authors: Oliveira Rafael Cardoso , Nunes Rui
Published: May 2021

Resumo Funções cognitivas são alvo frequente de curiosidade, estudo e reflexão, pois são estruturantes para o ser o humano tal como o conhecemos. Compreender os limites cognitivos, os processos que os originam e a forma de os ultrapassar é, por isso, forma de entender a condição humana e de perceber as consequências da potencial manipulação da cognição. Nos últimos anos tem havido interesse crescente no melhoramento cognitivo mediante o uso de fármacos, e com ele têm surgido diversos e importantes dilemas éticos, médicos e legais. O objetivo deste ensaio é refletir sobre os problemas éticos levantados. Pode-se concluir que o melhoramento cognitivo farmacológico tem de ser mais bem estudado no nível farmacodinâmico para que sua aplicação – regulada e em contextos específicos – possa beneficiar indivíduos e sociedade, não pondo em causa a autenticidade da condição humana.
Percepção de fisioterapeutas sobre aspectos bioéticos em cuidados paliativos
Authors: Alcântara Fabíola Alves
Published: May 2021

Resumo O objetivo do estudo é investigar a percepção de fisioterapeutas sobre aspectos bioéticos que envolvem o atendimento a pacientes sem possibilidades terapêuticas de cura. Trata-se de estudo transversal, descritivo, com profissionais do Conselho Regional de Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional da Primeira Região. Foi aplicado questionário tipo survey , baseado nos princípios de autonomia, beneficência, não maleficência e justiça. Os resultados mostraram que a maioria dos profissionais atua com pacientes sem possibilidade terapêutica de cura, considera extremamente relevante o processo de tomada de decisão durante o atendimento, respeita a vontade do paciente, busca defender o princípio da beneficência e reconhece a importância da bioética e das discussões éticas na formação acadêmica. Conclui-se que os fisioterapeutas buscam tomar decisões de modo ético, mas há conflito de valores no que se refere a princípios como autonomia e beneficência.
Diretivas antecipadas de vontade na assistência hospitalar: perspectiva de enfermeiros
Authors: Cogo Silvana Bastos , Nietsche Elisabeta Albertina , Badke Marcio Rossato , Sehnem Graciela Dutra , Salbego Cléton , Ramos Tierle Kosloski , Antunes Andrei Pompeu , Ilha Aline Gomes , Malheiros Luiza Carolina Santos
Published: May 2021

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo é compreender como enfermeiros assistenciais de hospital universitário atuariam em casos de pacientes em fase final de vida providos de diretivas antecipadas de vontade. Trata-se de estudo qualitativo, descritivo e exploratório realizado com 20 enfermeiros de um hospital universitário e público do Sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados de novembro de 2017 a janeiro de 2018, por meio de entrevistas individuais semiestruturadas, e submetidos a análise textual discursiva, a partir da qual foram elencadas três categorias: aceitação da morte no contexto hospitalar como pressuposto para cumprir as diretivas; autonomia do paciente, respeitando limites; e diretiva antecipada de vontade, do (des)conhecimento à possibilidade de respaldo profissional. Concluiu-se que os enfermeiros consideram que as diretivas antecipadas de vontade facilitam o respeito à autonomia do paciente, além de oferecerem respaldo ao profissional.
Ética médica nas Faculdades Integradas do Norte de Minas: percepção do estudante
Authors: Silveira Dayse Gabrielle Pereira Xavier , Goulart Renato César Leal , Santos Neto Pedro Eleutério dos
Published: May 2021

Resumo Está cada vez mais evidente que a reflexão sobre ciências humanas e deontologia é necessária para a formação mais abrangente do estudante de medicina, visando preparar não apenas profissionais tecnicamente capacitados, mas também humanizados. Diante disso, e a fim de seguir as diretrizes curriculares nacionais atuais, as Faculdades Integradas do Norte de Minas instituíram módulo no sexto período de medicina chamado “Humanidades, Bioética e Antropologia Médica”. Objetivando avaliar a percepção de alunos sobre o ensino de ética nessa instituição, esta pesquisa aplicou questionário a estudantes do sétimo ao décimo períodos do curso de medicina. O instrumento contava com perguntas sobre a estruturação do módulo e o ensino de ética. Os resultados evidenciaram a proposta inovadora do módulo e a importância da ética médica na grade curricular no sentido de contribuir para a formação de médicos mais humanos.
Conhecimento e percepção de estudantes de medicina sobre abortamento legal
Authors: Fróes Nathália Maria Fonseca , Batista Cláudia Bacelar
Published: May 2021

Resumo O abortamento é prática frequente no Brasil e importante causa de mortalidade materna. Mesmo em condições legais, as mulheres enfrentam diversas barreiras para acessar o procedimento, muitas vezes em decorrência do desconhecimento de médicos acerca dos marcos regulatórios. Este artigo objetiva avaliar o conhecimento de estudantes da Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia da Universidade Federal da Bahia sobre as leis que permitem o aborto no Brasil, bem como a percepção desses estudantes sobre o tema. Trata-se de estudo de corte transversal com análise qualitativa de dados obtidos pela aplicação de questionário a 237 estudantes. Apesar de os participantes demonstrarem conhecimento teórico adequado dos aspectos legais, houve incongruências e erros quando questionados sobre aplicação das leis em situações práticas de atendimento ao aborto legal. Os resultados demonstram a necessidade de fortalecer a abordagem do tema durante a graduação, de modo multidisciplinar e transversal. Vale ressaltar, por fim, que se observou entre os participantes inclinação favorável à descriminalização do aborto.
Método de Ovulação Billings: entre eficácia e desconhecimento
Authors: Padilha Tarcisio , Deretti Edson Adolfo
Published: May 2021

Resumo Apesar dos grandes investimentos, os métodos artificiais de planejamento familiar ainda apresentam limitações. Desde a década de 1950, cientistas trabalham para desenvolver um método natural confiável. Este artigo revisa a literatura sobre o Método de Ovulação Billings, apontando sua lógica, sua eficácia, seus benefícios, seus desafios e suas regras. Trata-se de método natural, embasado em mais de cinquenta anos de pesquisas. Sua chave de leitura é o muco cervical, confiável indicador da fertilidade, e sua eficácia está entre 97% e 99%, comparável aos métodos mais eficazes. O método também é indicado para todo tipo de ciclo, pois não se baseia em cálculos, e sim na observação do muco. Conclui-se que no Brasil é preciso fortalecer programas que ofereçam educação sexual mais global à população, capacitando ainda profissionais da saúde a respeito dos métodos naturais de planejamento familiar.
Peperomia Ruiz & Pav. (Piperaceae) da Reserva Biológica do Tinguá, RJ, Brasil
Authors: Rodrigues Lucas Carvalho Gomes , Queiroz George Azevedo de , Guimarães Elsie Franklin
Published: May 2021

RESUMO Peperomia Ruiz & Pav. é o segundo maior gênero de Piperaceae com cerca de 1.600 a 1.700 espécies no mundo, com 177 ocorrentes no Brasil. O objetivo do trabalho foi identificaras espécies de Peperomia Ruiz & Pav. presentes na Reserva Biológica do Tinguá, realizando tratamento taxonômico e comentários. A REBIO do Tinguá é uma Unidade de Conservação Federal de proteção integral, localizada no Estado do Rio de Janeiro e inserida no bioma Mata Atlântica. Foram encontrados 14 táxons na Reserva Biológica do Tinguá: Peperomia alata Ruiz & Pav.; P. catharinae Miq.; P. corcovadensis Gardner; P. dichotoma Regel; P. glabella (Sw.) A. Dietr. var. glabella; P. glabella var. nervulosa (C. DC.) Yunck.; P.glabella var. nigropunctata (Miq.) Dahlst.; P. glazioui C. DC.; P. nitida Dahlst.; P. obtusifolia (L.) A. Dietr.; P. quadrifolia (L.) Kunth; P. rotundifolia (L.) Kunth; P. tetraphylla (G. Forst.) Hook. & Arn.; P. urocarpa Fisch. & C. A. Mey.
Potenciais evocados auditivos corticais no transtorno do espectro do autismo: revisão sistemática
Authors: Kamita Mariana Keiko , Silva Liliane Aparecida Fagundes , Matas Carla Gentile
Published: May 2021

RESUMO Objetivo Identificar e analisar quais são os achados característicos dos Potenciais Evocados Auditivos Corticais (PEAC) em crianças e/ou adolescentes com Transtorno do Espectro do Autismo (TEA) em comparação do desenvolvimento típico, por meio de uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Estratégia de pesquisa Após formulação da pergunta de pesquisa, foi realizada uma revisão da literatura em sete bases de dados (Web of Science, Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Lilacs, Scielo, Science Direct, e Google acadêmico), com os seguintes descritores: transtorno do espectro autista (autism spectrum disorder), transtorno autístico (autistic disorder), potenciais evocados auditivos (evoked potentials, auditory), potencial evocado P300 (event related potentials, P300) e criança (child). A presente revisão foi cadastrada no Próspero, sob número 118751. Critérios de seleção Foram selecionados estudos publicados na integra, sem limitação de idioma, entre 2007 e 2019. Análise dos dados: Foram analisadas as características de latência e amplitude dos componentes P1, N1, P2, N2 e P3 presentes nos PEAC. Resultados Foram localizados 193 estudos; contudo 15 estudos contemplaram os critérios de inclusão. Embora não tenha sido possível identificar um padrão de resposta para os componentes P1, N1, P2, N2 e P3, os resultados da maioria dos estudos demonstraram que indivíduos com TEA podem apresentar diminuição de amplitude e aumento de latência do componente P3. Conclusão Indivíduos com TEA podem apresentar respostas diversas para os componentes dos PEAC, sendo que a diminuição de amplitude e aumento de latência do componente P3 foram as características mais comuns.
Cuidado em saúde e alienação: relação mediada pela tecnologia
Authors: Souza Diego de Oliveira
Published: May 2021

Existem diferentes perspectivas sobre o papel das tecnologias no trabalho. Há aquelas que atribuem a evolução humana ao tipo de tecnologia hoje vigente e há as que enxergam a tecnologia como inevitavelmente desumanizadora. Este estudo é apresentado a fim de contribuir com uma linha teórico-crítica nesse debate, tomando a particularidade do cuidado em saúde. Para tanto, fundamentamos a análise a partir das concepções de Marx e Lukács sobre trabalho, trabalho abstrato e alienação. Foi adotada uma perspectiva de trabalho e cuidado em saúde a partir desse referencial. Na sequência, dialoga-se com autores da Saúde Coletiva, destacando o debate que atrela a desumanização da saúde à hegemonia das tecnologias duras em detrimento das leves. Sem deixar de reconhecer a importância desse argumento, foram desenvolvidas algumas notas críticas, uma vez que mesmo as tecnologias leves, no capitalismo, acham-se sob uma racionalidade absorvível pelo trabalho abstrato.
IMPACT OF THE LUMBAR STIFFNESS RELATED TO ARTHRODESIS TO FUNCTIONAL DISABILITY
Authors: Ramos Camila Maribondo Medeiros , Romerio Carlos F W E , Amaral Rodrigo , Oliveira Carlos Eduardo Algaves Soares de , Pratali Raphael de Rezende
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the impact of stiffness associated with lumbar spinal fusion on disability and quality of life. Methods: This is a retrospective study including 40 patients (mean age: 57.7 ± 16.2) who underwent spinal surgery with fusion including the lumbar segment and a minimum of 24-month postoperative follow-up. The version translated and adapted to Portuguese of the Lumbar Stiffness Disability Index (LSDI) questionnaire was applied to assess the disability associated with stiffness secondary to lumbar spinal fusion. To quantify postoperative clinical lumbar stiffness / mobility, the Modified-Modified Schober Test (MMST) was applied. Results: There was a moderate negative correlation (r = -0.320), but significant (p = 0.04), between the MMST value and the LSDI score. The average of LSDI score in patients with extension of spinal fusion to the sacrum was higher than in patients without extension to the sacrum (p = 0.002), indicating greater disability in those with extension to the sacrum. Conclusions: In patients undergoing lumbar spinal fusion, the disability related to lumbar stiffness, measured by the LSDI score, was directly related to clinical lumbar stiffness, measured by the modified-modified Schöber test. The inclusion of the sacrum in fusion showed an association with worsening of disability related to lumbar stiffness. Level of evidence III; Retrospective analysis.
Factors related to duration of hospitalization and death in premature newborns
Authors: Silva Rosane Meire Munhak da , Zilly Adriana , Ferreira Helder , Pancieri Letícia , Pina Juliana Coelho , Mello Débora Falleiros de
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze factors related to prolonged hospitalization and death in premature newborns in a border region. Method: Cross-sectional study, with retrospective data collection, which analyzed 951 medical records of premature newborns hospitalized between 2013 and 2017. The independent variables were maternal age, nationality, prenatal appointments, maternal intercurrences, gestational age, weight at birth, Apgar, complications; the dependent variables were days of hospitalization, discharge, death, and transference. The tests Pearson Chi-squared and Fisher’s Exact were employed. Results: Premature birth amounted to 10.3%; out of these, 43.3% were hospitalized. The prevalence of mortality was 21.3%. Few prenatal appointments, maternal intercurrences, low fifth minute Apgar, and the baby’s health complications increased days of hospitalization. Lower weight and gestational age, low Apgar and complications with the baby increased death. Conclusion: Understanding hospitalization aspects enabled the identification of factors that lead to complications to the premature newborn, which are relevant to efforts to overcome unfavorable outcomes and face challenges posed by the sequels throughout life. The integration between countries and their borders is a notorious condition to accelerate care processes and promote better outcomes.
Numerical modeling and design of precast prestressed UHPFRC I beams
Authors: Gidrão Gustavo de Miranda Saleme , Krahl Pablo Augusto , Carrazedo Ricardo
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT: Ultra-high-performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) is a new material developed to present superior properties, as high compressive strength (higher than 130 MPa), high durability, and satisfactory ductile behavior. This paper reports the procedure to design precast UHPFRC beams, subject to flexural loads. First, an I-girder AASHTO Type II was designed, and simulated. Next, I-beams with diverse depths and steel ratios were designed, and simulated considering a four-point bending load test. It was found that the classical design equations used to predict the strength bending moment (Mrd) showed good accuracy with the simulated models with a 4.5% error.
Experimental evaluation of induced human walking vibrations on steel-concrete composite floors
Authors: Ferreira Bárbara Elisa , Carvalho Hermes , Silva José Guilherme Santos da , Caldas Rodrigo Barreto , Aguiar Jefferson Viana
Published: May 2021

abstract: This work presents the experimental evaluation of the dynamic behavior of Steel and concrete composite floors, from a human comfort point of view, when submitted to human walking. The structural model investigated was a real composite floor system under construction, with a total area of approximately 1300 m2. A preliminary numerical model was developed in order to guide the ideal positioning of excitation and instrumentation to be adopted in the experimental “in situ” evaluation. Next, free vibration tests were carried out to obtain the modal parameters of the structure. More than 180 forced vibration tests with excitation caused by a person walking at different step frequencies and directions were performed to determine de maximum structure’s response. The results found were compared with human comfort criteria recommended by national and international standards and design guides. Subsequently, a people quantity influence analysis on the dynamic response of the floor was carried out, where it was noticed that the increase in the number of users walking on the floor also increased the peak acceleration value. This fact emphasizes the need to carry out experimental evaluations considering the variation of people quantity on floor activity in order to evaluate the real scenario of human vibrations induced in the structure under service.
Experimental investigation on structural concrete masonry in fire: emphasis on the thermal behavior and residual strength
Authors: Leal Davi Fagundes , Dupim Rafael Henrique , Munaiar Neto Jorge , Corrêa Márcio Roberto Silva
Published: May 2021

abstract: This paper aims to analyze the thermal behavior and residual mechanical properties of concrete hollow-blocks structural masonry and its component materials in fire situation using experimental investigation. Compression tests were carried out on blocks, prisms and small walls at room temperature and after being exposed for 70 minutes to the ISO 834 Standard Fire. The test at high temperatures was run using a furnace powered by natural gas and instrumented with thermocouples to measure temperatures in the specimens. The influence of the initial concrete strength on masonry behavior was evaluated considering the use of blocks with different strengths at room temperature. In addition, exposure to fire was also investigated considering masonry elements with no coverings and submitted to two different fire exposure conditions: one or both sides. The results indicate a substantial loss in the masonry load capacity at high temperatures, especially in cases of fire exposure on both sides, where the residual compressive strength resulted, on average, between 20% and 27% for the blocks and approximately 14% for prisms and small walls. Its performance with fire heating up on only one face is much higher, with an average residual masonry strength equal to 46% compared to its strength at room temperature. The obtained results are also useful for evaluating masonry regarding the integrity and thermal insulation criteria, the latter achieved with little over 60 minutes of testing.
Influence of concrete strength, fiber content and aspect ratio in the residual flexural strength of steel fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete
Authors: Cardoso Matheus Galvão , Lameiras Rodrigo de Melo , Capuzzo Valdirene Maria Silva
Published: May 2021

Abstract Steel Fiber Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete (SFRSCC) is a material that combines the benefits of self-compacting concrete in the fresh state and the greater durability, with the gains of fiber- reinforced concrete in the hardened state, especially the gains in residual flexural strength. Results are presented in this paper of residual flexural strengths on 48 prenotched prisms conducted in accordance with RILEM TC 162 TDF for the Steel Fiber Reinforced Self-Compacting Concretes (SFRSCC). This article presents equations to estimate residual flexural stresses in SFRSCC. For this, SFRSCC prisms of two compressive strength classes, 20 MPa and 40 MPa, were produced with 3 different types of steel fibers with the contents volume of 0.5% and 1.0%. Based on the test results, equations were proposed to determine the residual flexural stresses established through regression analysis, which were, then, further validated with concretes produced in this work and results available in the literature. The equations found, despite showing an indication of the residual flexural strengths that will be achieved, obtained a relatively high error. In order for the equations to be applied in a technical way, further studies for a larger sample need to be carried out, seeking to optimize the equations.
Thermal analysis of steel and concrete composite beams cross sections in fire situations
Authors: Dias Mateus de Souza Furriel , Karam Vânia José
Published: May 2021

ABSTRACT: The fire poses a considerable risk to human safety and, therefore, fire protection is a solution that should be incorporated into the construction system of a building. Composite beams, when subjected to fire, lose strength and stiffness due to the degradation of the mechanical properties of their materials. This paper aims to perform the thermal analysis of steel and concrete composite beams in fire situation. The software ABAQUS Version 6.14 [1] was used to develop numerical methods, whose results were analyzed and compared with the values obtained by the simplified calculation method prescribed in ABNT NBR 14323:2013 [2]. Thereby, the thermal behavior of the composite cross-section and the influence of the material and the type of fire protection were analyzed. The results showed that, for a certain type of protection and size of the metallic profile, the temperatures given by the Brazilian Standard may differ substantially from those obtained by numerical simulation.
A PRECARIZAÇÃO DO TRABALHO AO SEU ENCALÇO
Authors: Oliveira João Henrique Figueredo de , Del Pino Mauro Augusto Burkert , Accorssi Aline
Published: May 2021

As plataformas de trabalho digital são uma realidade que afeta diversos trabalhadores e trabalhadoras. Este grupo de pessoas passa a desenvolver suas atividades com meios de trabalho próprios e, não raras vezes, sem os mais basilares direitos trabalhistas. Professores e professoras já estão enfrentando esta realidade de flexibilização e precarização do trabalho. Atualmente, já é possível contratar docentes por intermédio de plataformas digitais, uma das características do que veio a se constituir como trabalho uberizado. Partindo deste contexto, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar as repercussões sobre as novas formas do trabalho docente advindas das plataformas digitais. Assim, a pesquisa foi desenvolvida através do método qualitativo, sendo realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica de natureza exploratória. Entre os achados da investigação está o fato de que a remuneração é estabelecida somente pelas atividades realizadas no período de aula, sendo desconsiderada toda a preparação anterior e desdobramentos seguintes. As professoras e professores são transformados em conteudistas, em detrimento do fato de seu trabalho ir muito além desta compreensão. A submissão a esta realidade deve-se ao intuito de melhorar a renda familiar, ou mesmo por conta da falta de vagas no mercado de trabalho docente. O resultado observado é a destituição da proteção financeira, da saúde e da seguridade social, o que implica diretamente no trabalho docente e na vida de tais profissionais de forma negativa. Em suma, a uberização da docência acaba por precarizar ainda mais o trabalho dos professores e das professoras, repercutindo no âmbito da sua vida para além da escola.
Procrastinación, ansiedad ante los exámenes y rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Manchado Porras Malena , Hervías Ortega Federico
Published: May 2021

La procrastinación se define como una tendencia conductual a postergar tareas que, por sus características poco motivadoras o tediosas, no son atractivas para quien las realiza, y cuyo retraso puede acarrear consecuencias negativas. El propósito de este estudio es examinar el efecto de la procrastinación académica y la ansiedad ante los exámenes sobre el rendimiento académico, así como la relación entre ambas variables. Para ello, se ha realizado una investigación con 201 estudiantes universitarios empleando el Inventario Alemán de Ansiedad frente a los Exámenes Adaptado (GTAI-A), la Escala de Procrastinación Académica (EPA) y un registro de las calificaciones obtenidas por los participantes recogidos a través de un autoinforme. Los resultados revelan la presencia de ansiedad ante la evaluación y la procrastinación académica en estudiantes universitarios, e indican que la ansiedad ante los exámenes muestra una relación negativa con el rendimiento académico. De igual forma, la procrastinación se relaciona con dos factores de ansiedad (interferencia y falta de confianza), incidiendo de forma indirecta en dicho rendimiento. Adicionalmente, se han encontrado diferencias significativas en el rendimiento académico en función de los diferentes niveles de ansiedad identificados (χ2(2,201) = 16.929; p = .001). En conclusión, para prevenir e intervenir en el bajo rendimiento académico y en los problemas psicosociales asociados, los servicios universitarios de atención psicológica deben considerar la influencia de múltiples variables, de forma que se apliquen programas de intervención específicos para cada dimensión, aumentando así los niveles de eficacia y eficiencia en su labor asistencial.
Accuracy of digital bitewing radiographs with and without applying horizontal tube shift in the diagnosis of residual excess cement around dental implants: An in vitro study
Authors:   Dental Sciences Research Center, Dept of Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Kajan Zahra Dalili , Asli Hamid Neshandar ,   Dental Sciences Research Center, Dept of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Khosravifard Negar ,   Dental Sciences Research Center, Dept of Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran., Bidvand Maryam ,   Dentist, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Private clinic, Rasht, Iran., Rafiei Elahe ,   Biostatistician, Vice-chancellor of Research and Technology, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Published: May 2021

Purpose: This study was designed to evaluate the diagnostic value of digital Bitewing (BW) radiographs with and without horizontal tube shift in detecting Residual excess cement (REC) on the proximal and non-proximal surfaces of implant restorations. Material and Methods: Eight mandibular models were fabricated with two implants placed on each side in the premolar and first molar positions. Excess cement was applied to either proximal or non-proximal surfaces of the restorations intentionally during the process of crown cementation. BW radiographs with and without applying horizontal tube shift were acquired. Three maxillofacial radiologists were asked to determine the presence and location of REC in the radiographs. Sensitivity and specificity of the radiographic technique were assessed according to the restoration surface that contained REC. Results: Sensitivity of BW radiographs was 100% for the detection of REC on the proximal surfaces and 41-18, 80% on the non-proximal surfaces. Specificity of the technique was 85.71%-100% for the proximal surfaces and 75-94. 12% for the non-proximal areas. Specificity of the radiographic method was generally greater than its sensitivity for the non-proximal surfaces while in the proximal areas, the two variables had quite similar values. Conclusion: Digital BW radiography is generally more useful for detection of REC on the proximal surfaces. Higher specificity of this technique for the bucco-lingual surfaces suggests more reliability of the negative diagnoses in the non-proximal areas.
Evaluation of oral stereognosis in completely edentulous patients with palatal tori
Authors:   Faculty of Dentistry, SEGi University, Selangor, Malaysia., Sivakumar Indumathi , Shien Rachel Chua Hui ,   Klinik Pergigian Sultan Ismail Hospital, Johor, Malaysia, Johar Nur Lyanna Mahfuzah Binti Mohamad ,   Klinik Pergigian Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia, Xuan Sham Wern ,   Klinik Pergigian Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Xian Sin Pi ,   Klinik Pergigian Simpang Lima, Klinik Pergigian Simpang Lima, Selangor, Malaysia
Published: May 2021

Background: The corollary is not investigated in the completely edentulous patients with palatal tori. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the oral stereognostic ability in completely edentulous patients with palatal tori. Material and Methods: Thirty-four completely edentulous patients aged 50 to 89 years were allocated to Group 1 (without palatal tori, n=18) and Group 2 (with palatal tori, n=16). The oral stereognostic test was conducted using 6 intraoral test pieces (circle/square/rectangle/triangle/plus/toroid) that were fabricated to standard dimensions using the light cure acrylic resin. Each test piece was placed in the patient’s mouth and was asked to manipulate the test piece between the tongue and the palate. The patients identified the shapes by matching them on a shape chart. Each correct identification was assigned a score of 1. The response time taken to identify each shape was recorded. Statistical computation was done using a chi - square test and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Significant difference was observed in the overall scoring percentages between the 2 groups (p<0.05). Group 2 had lower oral stereognostic scores compared to group 1 (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the mean response time for identifying the shapes among the groups, however group 2 patients had longer response time. Conclusion: Oral stereognostic ability of the completely edentulous patients with torus palatinus was lower when compared to completely edentulous patients without tori.
Metatextualities in the Kenyan Swahili novel: A case study reading of Kyallo Wamitila’s Dharau ya Ini
Authors: Diegner Lutz
Published: May 2021

Contemporary Swahili novels transgress the boundaries of the novel text itself. They employ metatextualities of different categories in order to fulfil a variety of functions. In this essay, I explore metatextualities in the Kenyan Swahili novel, and provide a case study reading of one of the novels by the prolific and award-winning writer Kyallo Wadi Wamitila. My reading of Wamitila’s novel Dharau ya Ini (Contempt of the Liver, 2007) concentrates on metanarration and metareference. I analyse how narration, especially point of view, is used and how it is discussed and reflected upon by the text and in the text itself (metanarration). Another focus will be put on instances of metareference, especially on references to oral literature and to the literary genres of drama and poetry, as part of a work of prose. These analyses are done by a close reading informed by current research on metatextualities, and, in one of the examples, by phonostylistics. A general purpose of this study is to show how Swahili novel writing as African language writing participates in global discourses on, and practices in, literature and the arts. In a perspective of East(ern) African literature, it argues that Swahili literature and literary studies provide stimuli to literary theory and practice otherwise still dominated by its Anglophone counterpart in the region, and beyond. As regards Swahili literature, it reflects the crucial impact of Kenyan writing since about the turn of the millennium, in a sphere hitherto dominated by writers from Tanzania. The study is part of a research project I am undertaking in analysing metatextualities in contemporary Swahili novels by both Tanzanian and Kenyan writers.
Attitudes of Suburban Kansan Parents Regarding School-Required Immunizations and the Influences of the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Beatty Simon , Villwock Jennifer
Published: May 2021

Introduction. Understanding parental attitudes and adherence of recommended childhood vaccination schedules adopts a new level of importance in the era of the Sars-CoV-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. With hopes for release of a safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine within the near future, understanding parental perception of vaccines is important to design successful vaccination interventions.
Methods. A cross-sectional survey was administered to approximately 900 parents in the state of Kansas in May, 2020. Pearson chi square and Mann-Whitney U tests were utilized to analyze the assess the attitudes of Kansas parents towards a potential addition of the influenza vaccine to the required list for K-12 students and furthermore, their general perception of vaccinations, and the impact of COVID-19 on those beliefs.
Results. 179 responded. 51% (n=92) were in favor of adding the influenza vaccine to the mandatory list (Pro-Addition). Anti-Addition parents had significantly higher levels of distrust (2.1, p<0.001) and were significantly more concerned about vaccine adverse effects. When presented with a hypothetical situation in which a “safe and effective” COVID-19 vaccine was available, these parents were significantly less likely to indicate they would receive the vaccine or obtain it for their children (53 people, p<0.001).  
Conclusions. Pro-Addition and Anti-Addition parents are markedly split on their attitudes towards the addition and the effects of the pandemic. Follow-up qualitative studies of Anti-Addition parents are critical for successful vaccine distribution and coverage in the communities.
How are central foveal and choroidal thickness affected in patients with mild COVID-19 infection?
Authors: Fırat Müge , Kobat Sabiha
Published: May 2021

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of  COVID-19 on central foveal and choroidal thicknesses. Thirty-two patients with a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR test who received outpatient treatment within the previous two months and 32 healthy controls were included in the study. Patients requiring hospitalization due to COVID-19 as well as the patients who received either intensive care support and/or antiplatelet therapy, smokers, or patients with systemic or ocular diseases were excluded from the study. After full ophthalmological examination, central foveal and choroidal thicknesses were evaluated by using optical coherence tomography. Statistical analysis of the study data demonstrated no significant difference between the groups in terms of age or gender (p > 0.05). There was also no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of central foveal thickness, central choroidal thickness, or nasal 500, nasal 1500, temporal 500, or temporal 500 micron distances (p > 0.05 for all parameters). Choroidal and retinal thicknesses were not affected in patients with recent mild COVID 19 without comorbidities.

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Индикаторы инновационной деятельности: 2018
Authors: Городникова Наталья , Гохберг Леонид , Дитковский Кирилл , Кузнецова Ирина , Лукинова Евгения , Мартынова Светлана , Ратай Татьяна , Росовецкая Лариса , Фридлянова Светлана , Бычкова Людмила
Published: May 2021

В сборнике отражены результаты статистических обследований, характеризующие инновационные процессы в экономике страны. В динамике представлены сводные показатели, определяющие уровень развития технологических и нетехнологических инноваций, разработанные в соответствии с современными международными стандартами ОЭСР и Евростата. В публикации приводятся статистические данные, отражающие инновационную активность организаций промышленного производства, ряда отраслей сферы услуг, а также результаты экспериментальных обследований строительства и впервые — сельского хозяйства. Подробно рассматриваются ресурсное обеспечение и результативность инновационной деятельности, кооперационные связи, экономические, производственные и иные факторы, препятствующие нововведениям. Данные об экологических инновациях выделены в специальный раздел. Отдельные главы сборника посвящены характеристикам инновационной деятельности в регионах Российской Федерации и международным сопоставлениям, охватывающим широкий круг индикаторов. При подготовке сборника были использованы материалы Федеральной службы государственной статистики, Организации экономического сотрудничества и развития, Европейской комиссии, Евростата, национальных статистических служб зарубежных государств, а также собственные методологические и аналитические разработки Института статистических исследований и экономики знаний Национального исследовательского университета «Высшая школа экономики».
Индикаторы инновационной деятельности: 2019
Authors: Гохберг Леонид , Дитковский Кирилл , Кузнецова Ирина , Лукинова Евгения , Мартынова Светлана , Ратай Татьяна , Росовецкая Лариса , Фридлянова Светлана
Published: May 2021

В сборнике представлены результаты статистических обследований, характеризующие инновационные процессы в экономике страны. Приводятся показатели, отражающие развитие технологических и нетехнологических инноваций, ресурсное обеспечение, кадровый потенциал и результативность инновационной деятельности, включая уровень новизны и рынки сбыта инновационной продукции. В публикацию включены индикаторы интенсивности кооперационных связей, патентной деятельности, а также оценки факторов, сдерживающих развитие нововведений и источников инноваций. Информация систематизирована по видам экономической деятельности с учетом уровня технологичности отраслей, а также формам собственности, величине организаций. Отдельные главы сборника посвящены характеристике инновационной деятельности в регионах Российской Федерации и международным сопоставлениям, охватывающим широкий круг индикаторов. При подготовке сборника были использованы материалы Федеральной службы государственной статистики, Организации экономического сотрудничества и развития, Европейской комиссии, Евростата, национальных статистических служб зарубежных государств, а также собственные методологические и аналитические разработки Института статистических исследований и экономики знаний Национального исследовательского университета «Высшая школа экономики».
Bireysel verilere dayalı kapasite üzeri rezervasyon modelleri
Authors: YAVUZ Tuğçe , KAYA Onur
Published: May 2021

Gelir yönetiminin bir parçası olan kapasite üzeri rezervasyon uygulaması günümüzde, kullanılmayan kapasitenin depolanamadığı birçok sektörde uygulanmaktadır. Rezervasyon yapan müşterilerden bazılarının rezervasyonuna gelmemesi durumunda firmanın karşılaşacağı atıl kapasite maliyetini giderebilmek için kapasitenin üzerinde rezervasyon aldığı bu uygulamanın amacı, atıl kapasiteyi azaltırken kazanç miktarını en büyüklemektir. Literatürdeki klasik yaklaşımda, rezervasyon yapan her müşterinin rezervasyonuna gelme olasılığının aynı olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada farklı olarak, rezervasyon yapan her müşterinin rezervasyonuna gelme olasılığının kişiye bağlı olarak belirlenmesi önerilmiştir. Önerilen yaklaşım için ihtiyaç duyulan kişisel olasılıklar, tahmin algoritmaları kullanılarak, geçmiş rezervasyon bilgilerinden elde edilmiştir. Her müşterinin farklı gelme olasılıklarının olması, farklı sayılarda müşterilerin rezervasyonlarına gelme olasılıklarının klasik yöntemle hesaplanmasını zorlaştırmıştır. Optimum rezervasyon limitini belirlemede kullanılan bu olasılık değerleri Monte Carlo simülasyonu ile elde edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, önerilen dinamik yapılı rezervasyon modelleri ile klasik yaklaşıma oranla çok daha yüksek kazançlar elde edilebileceği görülmüştür.
Ürün çeşitliliğinin tasarım, tedarik ve üretim süreçlerine etkisinin sistem dinamiği yaklaşımı ile incelenmesi
Authors: DOĞRUYOL Zafer , GÜNER Samet
Published: May 2021

Otomotiv üreticileri, pazarda rekabetçi kalabilmek için müşterilerinin giderek artan ürün kişiselleştirme taleplerine yanıt vermeye çalışmaktadır. Ancak ürün kişiselleştirmeye bağlı olarak ürün çeşitliliğinde yaşanan artış, hemen hemen tüm süreçlerde karmaşıklığa neden olurken üretim süreçlerinde de bazı problemlerin ortaya çıkmasına zemin hazırlamaktadır. Bu çalışma, ürün çeşitliliğindeki artışın diğer süreçlere etkilerini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Bir otobüs üretim tesisi üzerinde yapılan bu çalışmada ürün çeşitliliğindeki artışın tasarım, tedarik ve üretim süreçlerine etkisini analiz edebilen bir sistem dinamiği modeli geliştirilmiştir. Sistem dinamiği modelinin geliştirilmesi sürecinde mülakatlar yoluyla uzman görüşleri alınmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, tasarım yükündeki artışın belirli bir seviyeye kadar verimlilik ve kalite üzerinde olumlu bir etkiye sahip olduğunu, ancak belirli bir aşamadan sonra artan karmaşıklığa bağlı olarak çeşitliliği yönetmenin zorlaştığını ve süreçlerin olumsuz etkilendiğini ortaya koymuştur. Geliştirilen model kullanılarak incelenen işletme için uygun bir tasarım yükü belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Böylece bu çalışmanın ürün çeşitliliğindeki artışın diğer süreçlere olan muhtemel etkilerini izleme ve uygun ürün çeşitliliği seviyesine karar verme noktasında yöneticilere yardımcı olması beklenmektedir.
Bir kablo demetleme konveyör hattındaki çalışma duruşlarının AnyBody Modelleme Sistemi ile analizi ve yeni bir hat tasarımı önerisi
Authors: GÖNEN Demet , ATICI ULUSU Hilal
Published: May 2021

Emek yoğun işletmelerde ergonomik açıdan uygun olmayan bazı çalışma duruşlarıyla karşılaşılmaktadır. Üretimde bu çalışma duruşları performans, kalite, maliyet ve verimlilik üzerinde olumsuz etki oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, otomobiller için komple kablo demetleme işlemi yapan bir firmada, kablo demetleme konveyör hattı incelenmiştir. Uygun olmayan duruşların kaslarda yarattığı zorlanmayı değerlendirmek için AnyBody Modelleme Sistemi kullanılmıştır. Analizlerde gövde, omuz, kol ve bacaklarda kas-iskelet sistemi rahatsızlıklarına neden olabilecek yüksek eklem reaksiyon kuvvetleri oluştuğu görülmüştür. Bu nedenle, operatörler üzerindeki iş yükünü azaltabilecek yeni bir konveyör hattı tasarımı önerilmiştir. Önerilen tasarımdaki çalışma duruşları analiz edilmiş ve yeni tasarımın operatörlerin çalışma duruşlarını önemli ölçüde iyileştirdiği tespit edilmiştir. Ardından prototip konveyör hattı üretilerek, bu hat üzerinde de çalışma duruşları incelenmiştir. Analizler ile doğrulanan konveyör hattının imalatı gerçekleştirilmiştir. Son analizler gövde, omuz, kol ve bacaklar üzerindeki iş yükünün azaldığını göstermektedir. Elde edilen kazanımlar ortaya konulduğunda bu imal edilen prototip hattın işletmedeki diğer hatlar için de örnek olduğu ve benzer konveyör hatlarına da uygulanabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.
The place of history subjects in the social studies textbooks
Authors: DOLMAZ Mustafa , METİN Özge
Published: May 2021

The history and social studies that discuss the social life in all aspects including the political, economic, social and cultural dimensions teaches the history to individuals as a solider of the curriculum gathered at a common point which adapts these individuals to the existing period and society and prepares them for the future. While the important part of the social studies content comes from history, its mission is to complete some of the tasks undertaken by history. These tasks including providing the historical content and skills and values related to the historical subjects to the students. This study aims to determine how intensely history subjects are included in the social studies textbooks prepared in our country with an interdisciplinary approach, how much of the lesson’s target acquisitions are related to history, and what skills and values are desired to be acquired by students in historical subjects. The document analysis method, which is one of the qualitative research methods, was used in this study. The data source of the study consists of social studies textbooks used at the 4th, 5th, 6th, and 7th-grade levels. The "Book Evaluation Form" prepared by the researchers was used as the data collection tool. The obtained data were analyzed by the descriptive analysis method. As a result of the research, it was observed that approximately one-third of the subjects and acquisitions in the social studies course textbooks were historical directly or indirectly and that historical subjects were designed to support the development of a total of 17 skills, including, critical thinking, innovative thinking, high-level thinking skills, etc. Also, history subjects have content to support all other values in the curriculum except savings value. In the suggestions section, suggestions were made to increase the weekly course hours of social studies lesson and to include values such as tolerance, hospitality, altruism, humility, bravery, and courage, which are identified with Turkish history, into the program concerning history issues to carry out practical activities based on the targeted skills.
Functional and Taxonomic Characterization of sequence data using GhostKOALA v1
Authors: Pound Helena , Gann Eric , W Wilhelm Steven
Published: May 2021

A method of functional and taxonomic annotation and expression of assembled sequence data using GhostKOALA.
Colombian climatology in CMIP5/CMIP6 models: Persistent biases and improvements
Authors: Arias Paola A. , Ortega Geusep , Villegas Laura D. , Martínez J. Alejandro
Published: May 2021

Northern South America is among the regions with the highest vulnerability to climate change. General Circulation Models (GCMs) are among the different tools considered to analyze the impacts of climate change. In particular, GCMs have been proved to provide useful information, although they exhibit systematic biases and fail in reproducing regional climate, particularly in terrains with complex topography. This work evaluates the performance of GCMs included in the fifth and sixth phases of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP), representing the annual cycle of precipitation and air surface temperature in Colombia. To evaluate this, we consider different observational and reanalysis datasets, including in situ gauges from the Colombian Meteorological Institute. Our results indicate that although the most recent generation of GCMs (CMIP6) show improvements with respect to the previous generation (CMIP5), they still have systematic biases in representing the Intertropical Convergence Zone and elevation-dependent processes, which highly determine intra-annual precipitation and air surface temperature in Colombia. In addition, CMIP6 models have larger biases in temperature over the Andes than CMIP5. We also analyze climate projections by the end of the 21st century according to the CMIP5/CMIP6 simulations under the highest greenhouse gases emission scenarios. Models show projections toward warmer air surface temperatures and mixed changes of precipitation, with decreases of precipitation over the Orinoco and Colombian Amazon in September-November and increases over the eastern equatorial Pacific during the entire year.