bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Soil bacterial community structure of mixed bamboo and broad-leaved forest based on tree crown width ratio
Authors: Zhang Mei-man , Fan Shao-hui , Guan Feng-ying , Yan Xin-rong , Yin Zi-xu
Published: April 2020

Moso bamboo (Phyllostachysheterocycla (Carr.) Mitford cv. Pubescens) is an economically valuable plant in bamboo production areas of southern China, for which the management mode is crucial for improving the comprehensive benefits of bamboo forest stands. In this respect, mixed forested areas of bamboo and broad-leaved tree species can provide sound ecological management of bamboo in forestry operations. To further this goal, an outstanding question is to better understand the spatial distribution of soil bacterial communities in relation to the proportion of mixed in bamboo and broad-leaved forest. We analyzed soil bacterial community diversity and composition along a proportional gradient of 0–40% mixed-ratio (as represented by the width and size of the broad-leaved tree crown over the plot area) of bamboo and broad-leaved forest in Tianbao Yan Nature Reserve using the highthroughputsequencing of the 16S rRNA gene.Specifically, the sampling plots for the mixed proportions were divided according to the percentage of summed projected area of live broadleaf tree crowns. The main broad-leaved species in the five mixed ratio plots are the same. Each plot was 20 m × 20 m in size, and a total of 15 plots were established, three per forest ratio class. From each plot, soil samples were taken at the surface (0–10 cm depth) in December 2017. Our analysis revealed that soil bacterial diversity community structure and dominant flora changed under different mixing ratios of bamboo and broad-leaved trees. In the stand with a mixed ratio of 10–20%, the bacterial diversity index is higher; however, the diversity was lowest in the 20–30% stands. Among the 20–30% forest soil, Acidobacteria (Solibacteria, Solibacteriales, Acidobacteriales) was more abundant than in soils from other mixed-ratio stands.Redundancy analysis showed that mixed forest stand structure, soil pH, organic carbon, total nitrogen, and soil moisture all contributed to shaping the bacterial community structure. Changes in microbial communities were associated with species diversity in tree layers, availability of soil nutrients (SOC and TN), and changes in soil physical properties (MS, pH). Together, these empirical results suggest that different mixing ratios in the bamboo–broad-leaved mixed forest could influence the soil bacterial community structure indirectly, specifically by affecting the soil physical and chemical properties of the forest.
Development of a Nanoparticle-based Lateral Flow Strip Biosensor for Visual Detection of Whole Nervous Necrosis Virus Particles
Authors: Toubanaki Dimitra K. , Margaroni Maritsa , Prapas Athanasios , Karagouni Evdokia
Published: April 2020

Effective analysis of pathogens causing human and veterinary diseases demands rapid, specific and sensitive detection methods which can be applied in research laboratory setups and in field for routine diagnosis. Paper lateral flow biosensors (LFBs) have been established as attractive tools for such analytical applications. In the present study a prototype LFB was designed for whole particles (virions) detection of nodavirus or fish nervous necrosis virus. Nodavirus is an important threat in the aquaculture industry, causing severe economic losses and environmental problems. The LFB was based on polyclonal antibodies conjugated on gold nanoparticles for signal visualization. Brain and retinas from fish samples were homogenized, centrifuged and the supernatant was directly applied on the LFB. Formation of a red test line was indicative of nodavirus virions presence. Nodavirus visual detection was completed in short time (30 min). Key factors of the LFB development influencing the assays’ detection limit were characterized and the optimum parameters were determined, enabling increased efficiency, excluding non-specific interactions. Therefore, the proposed LFB assay consists a robust, simple, low cost and accurate method for detection of nodavirus virions in fish samples. The proposed biosensor is ideal for development of a commercial kit to be used on aquaculture facilities by fish farmers. It is anticipated that disease monitoring and environmental safety will benefit from the simplification of time consuming and costly procedures.
Hepatocyte-specific deletion of Pparα promotes NAFLD in the context of obesity
Authors: Régnier Marion , Polizzi Arnaud , Smati Sarra , Lukowicz Céline , Fougerat Anne , Lippi Yannick , Fouché Edwin , Lasserre Frédéric , Naylies Claire , Bétoulières Colette , Barquissau Valentin , Mouisel Etienne , Bertrand-Michel Justine , Batut Aurélie , Saati Talal Al , Canlet Cécile , Tremblay-Franco Marie , Ellero-Simatos Sandrine , Langin Dominique , Postic Catherine , Wahli Walter , Loiseau Nicolas , Guillou Hervé , Montagner Alexandra
Published: April 2020

Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor α (PPARα) acts as a fatty acid sensor to orchestrate the transcription of genes coding for rate-limiting enzymes required for lipid oxidation in hepatocytes. Mice only lackingPparαin hepatocytes spontaneously develop steatosis without obesity in aging. Steatosis can develop into non alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which may progress to irreversible damage, such as fibrosis and hepatocarcinoma. While NASH appears as a major public health concern worldwide, it remains an unmet medical need. In the current study, we investigated the role of hepatocyte PPARα in a preclinical model of steatosis. For this, we used High Fat Diet (HFD) feeding as a model of obesity in C57BL/6 J male Wild-Type mice (WT), in whole-bodyPparα-deficient mice (Pparα−/−) and in mice lackingPparαonly in hepatocytes (Pparαhep−/−). We provide evidence thatPparαdeletion in hepatocytes promotes NAFLD and liver inflammation in mice fed a HFD. This enhanced NAFLD susceptibility occurs without development of glucose intolerance. Moreover, our data reveal that non-hepatocytic PPARα activity predominantly contributes to the metabolic response to HFD. Taken together, our data support hepatocyte PPARα as being essential to the prevention of NAFLD and that extra-hepatocyte PPARα activity contributes to whole-body lipid homeostasis.
Peripapillary microvascular changes in patients with systemic hypertension: An optical coherence tomography angiography study
Authors: Shin Yong-Il , Nam Ki-Yup , Lee Woo-Hyuk , Ryu Cheon-Kuk , Lim Hyung-Bin , Jo Young-Joon , Kim Jung-Yeul
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in peripapillary microvasculature using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in systemic hypertension (HTN) patients. This was a cross-sectional study. Based on the duration of HTN, seventy-eight HTN patients were divided into two groups. (HTN group 1: <10 years, 38 eyes; HTN group 2: ≥10 years, 40 eyes) and 90 control subjects. All subjects underwent 6 × 6 mm OCTA scan centered on the optic nerve head. We analyzed peripapillary vessel density (VD) and perfusion density (PD) in superficial capillary plexus among three groups. The average ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thicknesses of HTN group 2 were thinner than those of the control group (p = 0.016, and 0.035, respectively). HTN group 2 showed lower peripapillary VD and PD than the control group. However, there were no differences between HTN group 1 and the control group in OCT and peripapillary OCTA parameters. In HTN patients, the peripapillary VD, PD and GC-IPL, RNFL thicknesses correlated significantly. OCTA showed that the peripapillary VD and PD were lower in HTN patients with a duration ≥10 years compared with those of normal controls. Peripapillary microvasculature was correlated with the RNFL and GC-IPL thicknesses. HTN duration should therefore be considered when evaluating peripapillary microvasculature using OCTA.
Short Report: Circulating microRNAs are associated with incident diabetes over 10 years in Japanese Americans
Authors: Wander Pandora L. , Enquobahrie Daniel A. , Bammler Theo K. , Srinouanprachanh Sengkeo , MacDonald James , Kahn Steven E. , Leonetti Donna , Fujimoto Wilfred Y. , Boyko Edward J.
Published: April 2020

Epigenetic changes precede the development of diabetes by many years, providing clues to its pathogenesis. We explored whether the epigenetic markers, circulating microRNAs (miRNAs), were associated with incident diabetes in Japanese Americans. We conducted a pilot study (n = 10) using plasma from age- and sex-matched participants who did or did not develop diabetes in the Japanese American Community Diabetes Study, an observational study of diabetes risk factors. Extraction and high-throughput sequencing of miRNAs were performed using samples collected at baseline. Regression models were fit comparing circulating miRNAs (N = 1640) among individuals who did or did not develop incident diabetes at 10-year follow-up. Participants averaged 51.7 years of age at baseline; 60% were male. We identified 36 miRNAs present at different (10 higher and 26 lower) levels in individuals who developed diabetes compared to those who did not (log2fold change ≥1.25 and false discovery rate ≤5%). These included miRNAs with functions in skeletal muscle insulin metabolism (miR-106b and miR-20b-5p) and miRNAs with functions in both skeletal muscle insulin metabolism and cell cycle regulation in endocrine pancreas (miR-15a and miR-17). Circulating miRNAs were associated with subsequent development of diabetes among Japanese Americans over 10 years of follow-up. Results are preliminary. Large-scale miRNA sequencing studies could inform our understanding of diabetes pathogenesis and development of therapies, based on gene expression regulation, that target diabetes.
Development of a tunable method to generate various three-dimensional microstructures by replenishing macromolecules such as extracellular matrix components and polysaccharides
Authors: Tao Fumiya , Sayo Kanae , Sugimoto Kazuyuki , Aoki Shigehisa , Kojima Nobuhiko
Published: April 2020

Multicellular spheroids (spheroids) are expected to be a promising approach to mimic in vivo organ functions and cell microenvironments. However, conventional spheroids do not fully consider the existence of extracellular matrices (ECMs). In this study, we developed a tunable method for replenishing macromolecules, including ECM components and polysaccharides, into spheroids without compromising cell viability by injecting a microvolume cell suspension into a high density of methylcellulose dissolved in the culture medium. Adjusting the ECM concentration in the cell suspension enabled the generation of different three-dimensional microstructures, such as “ECM gel capsules”, which contained individually separated cells, and “ECM-loaded spheroids”, which had thin ECM layers between cells. ECM-loaded spheroids with a 30-fold dilution of Matrigel (0.3 mg/ml) showed significantly higher albumin secretion than control spheroids composed of Hep G2 or HuH-7 cells. Additionally, the expression levels of major CYP genes were decreased in ECM gel capsules with undiluted Matrigel (9 mg/ml) compared to those in control spheroids. However, 0.3 mg/ml Matrigel did not disrupt gene expression. Furthermore, cell polarity associated with tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and Claudin-1) and the transporter protein MRP2 was markedly induced by using 0.3 mg/ml Matrigel. Thus, high-performance three-dimensional tissues fabricated by this method are applicable to increasing the efficiency of drug screening and to regenerative medicine.
Author Correction: Optical fibre Fabry-Pérot interferometer based on inline microcavities for salinity and temperature sensing
Authors: Flores Raquel , Janeiro Ricardo , Viegas Jaime
Published: April 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Author Correction: In Silico Characterization of the Binding Modes of Surfactants with Bovine Serum Albumin
Authors: Nnyigide Osita Sunday , Lee Sun-Gu , Hyun Kyu
Published: April 2020

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.
Evidence of phase coexistence in hydrothermally synthesized K0.5Na0.5NbO3 nanofibers
Authors: Ghasemian Mohammad B. , Rawal Aditya , Shahrbabaki Zahra , Zhang Qi , Lu Teng , Liu Yun , Wang Danyang
Published: April 2020

The 2D 23Na 3QMAS NMR analyses provide new insights into the crystalline structure of K0.5Na0.5NbO3 nanostructures on the microscopic scale, which are critical to understand the functional properties of these nano-materials.
β-Silicon-effect-promoted intermolecular site-selective C(sp3)–H amination with dirhodium nitrenes
Authors: Ninomiya Ryo , Arai Kenta , Chen Gong , Morisaki Kazuhiro , Kawabata Takeo , Ueda Yoshihiro
Published: April 2020

We report the first example of intermolecular dirhodium-catalyzed β-selective C(sp3)–H amination of organosilicon compounds promoted by a β-silicon effect.
Supramolecular polymer bottlebrushes
Authors: Gruschwitz Franka V. , Klein Tobias , Catrouillet Sylvain , Brendel Johannes C.
Published: April 2020

The assembly of polymer building blocks into supramolecular bottlebrushes by non-covalent forces represents an exciting new field of research. This review provides an overview on suitable motifs and requirements for the formation of such structures.
Cell-penetrating peptides containing 2,5-diketopiperazine (DKP) scaffolds as shuttles for anti-cancer drugs: conformational studies and biological activity
Authors: Feni Lucia , Jütten Linda , Parente Sara , Piarulli Umberto , Neundorf Ines , Diaz Dolores
Published: April 2020

Cargo-peptides approaching cellular membranes: influence of cyclization and stereochemistry on cellular translocation activity of a novel group of cell-penetrating peptides containing bifunctional diketopiperazine.
Intra-mitochondrial self-assembly to overcome the intracellular enzymatic degradation of l-peptides
Authors: Jeena M. T. , Lee Seokyoung , Barui Ayan Kumar , Jin Seongeon , Cho Yuri , Hwang Suk-Won , Kim Sehoon , Ryu Ja-Hyoung
Published: April 2020

The design of peptide-based therapeutics is generally based on the replacement of l-amino acids with d-isomers to obtain improved therapeutic efficiency.
Recent advances and prospects of inkjet printing in heterogeneous catalysis
Authors: Maleki Hesam , Bertola Volfango
Published: April 2020

This review provides an insight into inkjet printing technology in the context of heterogeneous catalysis.
Two-way desorption coupling to enhance the conversion of syngas into aromatics by MnO/H-ZSM-5
Authors: Gilani Syed Zulfiqar Ali , Lu Le , Arslan Muhammad Tahir , Ali Babar , Wang Qi , Wei Fei
Published: April 2020

We herein report a composite catalyst containing partially reducible and highly active manganese oxide and nano-size H-ZSM-5 with short b-axis, prepared for the direct conversion of syngas into aromatics.
Origin of CO2 as the main carbon source in syngas-to-methanol process over Cu: theoretical evidence from a combined DFT and microkinetic modeling study
Authors: Xu Dongyang , Wu Panpan , Yang Bo
Published: April 2020

A theoretical study combining DFT and microkinetic modeling provides evidence that CO2 is the main carbon source in methanol synthesis from syngas (CO, CO2 and H2) over Cu.
Bulky Schiff-base ligand supported Co(ii) single-ion magnets with zero-field slow magnetic relaxation
Authors: Peng Guo , Chen Yue , Li Bo , Zhang Yi-Quan , Ren Xiao-Ming
Published: April 2020

Two mononuclear Co(ii) complexes with tetrahedral coordination geometry have been constructed from different bulky Schiff-base ligands, and they show slow magnetic relaxation without a static field and magnetic hysteresis loops at 2 K.
Microwave-assisted aqueous carbon–carbon cross-coupling reactions of aryl chlorides catalysed by reduced graphene oxide supported palladium nanoparticles
Authors: Zhang Qingxiao , Mao Zhan , Wang Kaixuan , Phan Nam Thanh Son , Zhang Fang
Published: April 2020

Microwave-assisted reduced graphene oxide supported palladium nanoparticles can efficiently promote aqueous Ullmann and Suzuki coupling reactions of aryl chlorides.
Enhancing the chemotherapeutic efficacy of platinum prodrug nanoparticles and inhibiting cancer metastasis by targeting iron homeostasis
Authors: Ding Fang , Zhang Lingpu , Chen Hao , Song Haiqin , Chen Shiguo , Xiao Haihua
Published: April 2020

Combination of cisplatin prodrug nanoparticles and Dp44mT results in enhanced anticancer and anti-metastatic efficiencies.
A nickel molybdenum oxide nanoarray as an efficient and stable electrocatalyst for overall water splitting
Authors: Zhang Xiaoshuang , Su Hui , Du Xiaoqiang
Published: April 2020

Experimental and DFT calculation results show that the presence of oxygen vacancies can decrease the adsorption energy of intermediates at active sites and facilitate their adsorption, thus improving the catalytic properties.
Biomolecular sensing by surface-enhanced Raman scattering of monolayer Janus transition metal dichalcogenide
Authors: Jia Shuai , Bandyopadhyay Arkamita , Kumar Hemant , Zhang Jing , Wang Weipeng , Zhai Tianshu , Shenoy Vivek B. , Lou Jun
Published: April 2020

In this work, we demonstrate that monolayer Janus MoSSe is an effective and universal platform for enhancing Raman signal and detecting biomolecules for the first time.
In situ synthesis of a nickel concentration gradient structure of Ni-rich LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2 with promising superior electrochemical properties at high cut-off voltage
Authors: Wu Kang , Wang Junyang , Li Qi , Yang Yuqiang , Deng Xin , Dang Rongbin , Wu Meimei , Wu Zhijian , Xiao Xiaoling , Yu Xiqian
Published: April 2020

With lower Li/Ni mixing and interfacial side reactions, NCG-NCA has been synthesized by the characteristic reaction of Ni2+ and dimethylglyoxime.
Electronic engineering of CoSe/FeSe2 hollow nanospheres for efficient water oxidation
Authors: Zhang Yi , Xu Jie , Lv Lin , Wang Aiwu , Zhang Baoshun , Ding Yigang , Wang Chundong
Published: April 2020

The advanced OER activity is attributed to the hollow architecture, in which the possessed numerous interfaces allow the electron transfers between CoSe and FeSe2via O2− bridges and downshift the d-band center, endowing fast catalytic kinetics.
Engineering cobalt oxide by interfaces and pore architectures for enhanced electrocatalytic performance for overall water splitting
Authors: Gu Lin-Fei , Chen Jun-Jia , Zhou Tao , Lu Xue-Feng , Li Gao-Ren
Published: April 2020

Macroporous CoO@Co/N-doped graphitic carbon nanosheet arrays were constructed by engineering a mesoporous CoO nanowire core with a highly conductive Co/NGC shell, and this approach will provide a promising strategy to construct highly effective bifunctional electrocatalysts.
Synthesis of aryl ethers of carbohydrates via reaction with arynes: selective O-arylation of trans-vicinal dihydroxyl groups in carbohydrates
Authors: Bhardwaj Monika , Hussain Nazar , Zargar Irshad Ahmad , Dash Ashutosh K. , Mukherjee Debaraj
Published: April 2020

A new method for the O-arylation of carbohydrates under transition metal-free conditions using arynes as an aryl source has been developed.
Radiopharmacological evaluation of a caspase-3 responsive probe with optimized pharmacokinetics for PET imaging of tumor apoptosis
Authors: Wang Shijie , Gao Dingyao , Li Ke , Ye Siqin , Liu Qingzhu , Peng Ying , Lv Gaochao , Qiu Ling , Lin Jianguo
Published: April 2020

A PET imaging probe with optimized pharmacokinetics was designed for real-time monitoring of the activity of caspase-3 in tumors.
Pd/light-induced alkyl–alkenyl coupling reaction between unactivated alkyl iodides and alkenylboronic acids
Authors: Huang Hsin-Ju , Wang Yi-Ting , Wu Yen-Ku , Ryu Ilhyong
Published: April 2020

Alkyl–alkenyl coupling reaction between unactivated alkyl iodides and 2-arylalkenylboronic acids utilizing a Pd/light combined system was studied.
Antibacterial activity evaluation and mode of action study of novel thiazole-quinolinium derivatives
Authors: Li Ying , Sun Ning , Ser Hooi-Leng , Long Wei , Li Yanan , Chen Cuicui , Zheng Boxin , Huang Xuanhe , Liu Zhihua , Lu Yu-Jing
Published: April 2020

A new series of thiazole-quinolinium derivatives perturb the polymerization of FtsZ with strong antibacterial activities.
De Novo designed 13 mer hairpin-peptide arrests insulin and inhibits its aggregation: role of OH–π interactions between water and hydrophobic amino acids
Authors: Mukherjee Meghomukta , Banerjee Nilanjan , Chatterjee Subhrangsu
Published: April 2020

Protein aggregation in the cellular systems can be highly fatal causing a series of diseases including neurodegenerative diseases like ALS, Alzheimer, Prion Diseases, Parkinson's and other diseases like type II diabetes.
Carbon nanostructure-reinforced SiCw/Si3N4 composite with enhanced thermal conductivity and mechanical properties
Authors: Saleem Adil , Zhang Yujun , Gong Hongyu , Majeed Muhammad K. , Ashfaq M. Zeeshan , Jing Jie , Lin Xiao , Sheng Mingming
Published: April 2020

Carbon nanostructures (CNS) as a kind of reinforcement material can remarkably enhance the mechanical and thermal properties of ceramics.
A new class of organoplatinum-based DFNS for the production of cyclic carbonates from olefins and CO2
Authors: Abassian Maryam , Zhiani Rahele , Motavalizadehkakhky Alireza , Eshghi Hossein , Mehrzad Jamshid
Published: April 2020

We studied the potential application of an efficient, reusable, and easily recoverable catalyst of dendritic fibrous nanosilica (DFNS)-supported platinum(ii) complexes (DFNS/Pt(ii) NPs) to form cyclic carbonates in the presence of epoxides by converting carbon dioxide.
CO2 conversion into methanol under ambient conditions using efficient nanocomposite photocatalyst/solar-energy materials in aqueous medium
Authors: Lashgari Mohsen , Soodi Sanaz
Published: April 2020

CNT-based nanocomposite photocatalyst/solar-energy materials serving as in situ hydrogen generators for selective conversion [hydrogenation] of CO2 into methanol: a mechanistic/photoelectrochemical outlook.
Coordination environment evolution of Co(ii) during dehydration and re-crystallization processes of KCoPO4·H2O towards enhanced electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction
Authors: Che Quande , Xie Xiaobin , Ma Qian , Wang Junpeng , Zhu Yuanna , Shi Ruixia , Yang Ping
Published: April 2020

Coordination environment evolution of potassium cobalt phosphate towards enhanced electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction.
Colorimetric determination of ascorbic acid based on carbon quantum dots as peroxidase mimetic enzyme
Authors: Shu Xin , Chang Yuwai , Wen Huizhong , Yao Xiaotiao , Wang Yilin
Published: April 2020

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were synthesized from litchi peel, exhibiting a peroxidase-like activity and enabling the oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in association with H2O2 to generate blue oxidized TMB (ox-TMB) with a strong absorption peak at 652 nm.
Core–shell silica–rhodamine B nanosphere for synthetic opals: from fluorescence spectral redistribution to sensing
Authors: Lova Paola , Congiu Simone , Sparnacci Katia , Angelini Angelo , Boarino Luca , Laus Michele , Di Stasio Francesco , Comoretto Davide
Published: April 2020

Silica nanospheres were functionalized with rhodamine B and self-assembled into opals. Photoluminescence redistribution and pollutant responsivity were also investigated.
The antioxidant activity of natural diterpenes: theoretical insights
Authors: Vo Quan V. , Tam Nguyen Minh , Hieu Le Trung , Van Bay Mai , Thong Nguyen Minh , Le Huyen Trinh , Hoa Nguyen Thi , Mechler Adam
Published: April 2020

Diterpenes that were isolated from Crossopetalum gaumeri (Loes.) Lundell (Celastraceae) plants are reported to exhibit a range of biological activities, in particular as radical scavengers.
Dimers of pyrrolo-annelated indenofluorene-extended tetrathiafulvalenes – large multiredox systems
Authors: Broløs Line , Nielsen Mogens Brøndsted
Published: April 2020

A new pyrrolo-annelated indenofluorene-extended tetrathiafulvalene building block was developed and employed in N-arylation reactions for construction of redox-active dimeric scaffolds.
Vitrimers: directing chemical reactivity to control material properties
Authors: Guerre Marc , Taplan Christian , Winne Johan M. , Du Prez Filip E.
Published: April 2020

In this minireview, we survey recent advances in the development of vitrimer materials. Focus on how to chemically control their material properties is used to highlight challenges for boosting the potential of this emerging class of polymer materials.
Mapping the multi-step mechanism of a photoredox catalyzed atom-transfer radical polymerization reaction by direct observation of the reactive intermediates
Authors: Lewis-Borrell Luke , Sneha Mahima , Bhattacherjee Aditi , Clark Ian P. , Orr-Ewing Andrew J.
Published: April 2020

Short-lived intermediates are tracked in real-time by transient absorption spectroscopy during a multi-step photoredox catalysed polymerization reaction.
Degradation mechanisms in mixed-cation and mixed-halide CsxFA1−xPb(BryI1−y)3 perovskite films under ambient conditions
Authors: Marchezi Paulo Ernesto , Therézio Eralci Moreira , Szostak Rodrigo , Loureiro Hugo Campos , Bruening Karsten , Gold-Parker Aryeh , Melo Maurício A. , Tassone Christopher J. , Tolentino Helio C. N. , Toney Michael F. , Nogueira Ana Flávia
Published: April 2020

With in situ ESEM and GIWAXS we saw that the perovskite degradation passes through hexagonal polytypes and is dependent on the composition.
Transparent, robust, water-resistant and high-barrier self-healing elastomers reinforced with dynamic supramolecular nanosheets with switchable interfacial connections
Authors: Wei Haitao , Yang Yi , Huang Xin , Zhu Yong , Wang Hao , Huang Guangsu , Wu Jinrong
Published: April 2020

A bottom-up strategy to reinforce self-healing elastomers with in situ assembled supramolecular nanosheets with switchable interfacial covalent bonds.
Insight into the correlation of Pt–support interactions with electrocatalytic activity and durability in fuel cells
Authors: Jayabal Subramaniam , Saranya Govindarajan , Geng Dongsheng , Lin Lu-Yin , Meng Xiangbo
Published: April 2020

This review aims at providing an overview of the interactions between Pt and supports from experimental and theoretical results, in the hope of correlating the metal–support interactions with the activity and durability of the catalysts in fuel cells.
17% efficient perovskite solar mini-module via hexamethylphosphoramide (HMPA)-adduct-based large-area D-bar coating
Authors: Lim Kwang-Soo , Lee Do-Kyoung , Lee Jin-Wook , Park Nam-Gyu
Published: April 2020

We report a perovskite solar mini-module with power conversion efficiency (PCE) over 17% based on Lewis base additive engineering and large-area D-bar coating.
Synthesis of metal-free lightweight materials with sequence-encoded properties
Authors: Azoulay Adi , Barrio Jesús , Tzadikov Jonathan , Volokh Michael , Albero Josep , Gervais Christel , Amo-Ochoa Pilar , García Hermenegildo , Zamora Félix , Shalom Menny
Published: April 2020

A general synthesis of phosphorus–nitrogen–carbon materials with highly tunable elemental composition and spatial organization as well as structural, electronic, and thermal stability properties is reported.
Platelet membrane-coated nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery and local chemo-photothermal therapy of orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wu Long , Xie Wei , Zan Hui-Ming , Liu Zhongzhong , Wang Ganggang , Wang Yanfeng , Liu Wei , Dong Wenfei
Published: April 2020

Specific targeted drug delivery and controllable release of drugs at tumor regions are two of the main challenges for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) therapy, particularly post metastasis.
Benzothiazolium-functionalized NU-1000: a versatile material for carbon dioxide adsorption and cyanide luminescence sensing
Authors: Luconi Lapo , Mercuri Giorgio , Islamoglu Timur , Fermi Andrea , Bergamini Giacomo , Giambastiani Giuliano , Rossin Andrea
Published: April 2020

The benzothiazolium-decorated NU-1000-BzTz MOF is a versatile material for carbon dioxide storage and cyanide luminescence sensing in aqueous solutions.
Association of Gremlin-2 gene polymorphisms with osteoporosis risk in Chinese postmenopausal women
Authors: Feng Yu , Zhu Lei , Gu Yong , Wang Ling-Jun , Niu Bing-Jie , Cai Feng , Chen Liang
Published: April 2020

The Gremlin-2 (GREM2) plays crucial roles in modulating bone homeostasis through the bone morphogenetic protein-2 pathway. However, GREM2 gene variants in osteoporosis were less frequent in a Chinese population. Therefore, the present study recruited 310 patients with osteoporosis and 339 healthy postmenopausal women to assess the correlation of GREM2 gene polymorphisms with the risk of osteoporosis. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Sanger sequencing were utilized to genotype samples. The results showed that GREM2 gene rs4454537, not rs11588607, polymorphism was significantly associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Moreover, stratified analyses indicated a significant association between rs4454537 polymorphisms and body mass index of <25 kg/m2. Additionally, the association between GREM2 rs4454537 polymorphism and clinical characteristics was assessed, which showed that this locus decreased the bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal osteoporotic individuals. Furthermore, individuals with CC genotype appeared to have a higher GREM2 expression compared with those bearing the TT genotype of rs4454537 polymorphism. However, the genotype distribution of rs4454537 polymorphism showed no statistical difference between osteoporotic patients as a function of fracture status. In summary, GREM2 rs4454537 polymorphism decreases BMD and increases osteoporotic risk in postmenopausal women.
Does a Systematic Vocal Exercise Program Enhance the Physiologic Range of Voice Production in Classical Singing Graduate-Level Students?
Authors: Guzman Marco , Angadi Vrushali , Croake Daniel , Catalan Christopher , Romero Constanza , Acuña Gabriela , Quezada Camilo , Andreatta Richard , Stemple Joseph
Published: April 2020

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of vocal function exercises (VFEs) on the physiologic range of the operatic voice. The primary outcome measure was total voice range profile (VRP) area.

Method

Forty graduate-level opera majors were randomly assigned to experimental (training with VFE + vocal hygiene) and control (vocal hygiene only) groups. All participants underwent an acoustic voice assessment (modified VRP) pre and post 10 weeks of the assigned intervention. VRP total area was calculated and compared between and within the two groups. The total VRP area was subsequently divided into three area thirds (low, medium, and high).

Results

A significant improvement (increase) was observed in the VFE group for the primary outcome measure of VRP area when pre- and postvoice conditions were compared for total area, upper third, and middle third. No significant improvement was found in the vocal hygiene–only group.

Conclusion

Vocal training with VFEs over a 10-week period demonstrated positive effects on physiologic voice range as evidenced by an increase in the total VRP area and therefore may enhance the potential of those who already have professional voice training.
Aluminium oxide in the atmosphere of hot Jupiter WASP-43b
Authors: Chubb Katy L. , Min Michiel , Kawashima Yui , Helling Christiane , Waldmann Ingo
Published: April 2020

We have conducted a re-analysis of publicly availableHubbleSpace Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 (HST WFC3) transmission data for the hot-Jupiter exoplanet WASP-43b, using the Bayesian retrieval package Tau-REx. We report evidence of AlO in transmission to a high level of statistical significance (>5σin comparison to a flat model, and 3.4σin comparison to a model with H2O only). We find no evidence of the presence of CO, CO2, or CH4based on the available HST WFC3 data or onSpitzerIRAC data. We demonstrate that AlO is the molecule that fits the data to the highest level of confidence out of all molecules for which high-temperature opacity data currently exists in the infrared region covered by the HST WFC3 instrument, and that the subsequent inclusion ofSpitzerIRAC data points in our retrieval further supports the presence of AlO. H2O is the only other molecule we find to be statistically significant in this region. AlO is not expected from the equilibrium chemistry at the temperatures and pressures of the atmospheric layer that is being probed by the observed data. Its presence therefore implies direct evidence of some disequilibrium processes with links to atmospheric dynamics. Implications for future study using instruments such as theJames WebbSpace Telescope are discussed, along with future opacity needs. Comparisons are made with previous studies into WASP-43b.
Ecological Economy in the Context of Ecological Policy
Authors: Namazov A. K. , Kushelev S. A. , Guzikova L. A. , Namazov K. A.
Published: April 2020

Ecologization of economic development is a pressing problem for the existence of mankind as the whole, world and national economies Targeted, consistent and concerted actions of all participants are the subject of ecological policy. The purpose of this article is to identify and justify the directions of improving national ecological policy in Russia, taking into account the relations of economy and ecology. The study is based on international documents and results of the Russian ecological policy investigation. The relevance of the adoption of the Environmental Code, which should include the regulation of the economic aspect, and the need to restore the system of environmental funds are substantiated. The necessity to develop a scientifically based system of indicators characterizing the relationship of ecology, economy and society is proved.
The alignment technique of inter-territorial differences in housing and municipal development of urban agglomeration
Authors: Stupina A , Kuzmich R , Rouiga I , Yamshchikov A
Published: April 2020

The article presents the stages of the alignment technique of inter-territorial differences in the housing and municipal development of the urban agglomeration. Approbation of the technique was implemented within the framework of private purposes (alignment of the population’s security in housing and municipal services and alignment of the state system of the city economy) using the example of the Krasnoyarsk agglomeration.
Ordoliberal theory and gas market in Germany within the framework of international energy cooperation
Authors: Piskun Elena I. , Chaikin Valeriy Y. , Nikitin Nikita A.
Published: April 2020

German economic policy is a special model of a coordinated market economy, which is based on the tradition of ordoliberalism. This theoretical concept is at the core of the regulation of most economic processes in Germany, and its energy markets are no exception. The article analyses the present state of German gas industry, its transformation in connection with the introduction of the Third Energy Package, the liberalization and development of gas projects. The authors compare the main results of the reforms and the stipulations of the ordoliberal theory. The conclusion is that the German government generally upholds this concept, although sometimes the consequences are of negative nature, manifested in rising prices, added complexity of international natural gas trade, especially with the largest supplier – the Russian Federation. Using the Bertrand competition model, the article justifies the conditions under which the export of liquefied natural gas is beneficial for the Russian Federation.
Impact of economic risks on the financial stability of agricultural enterprises
Authors: Dadayan Elena , Storozheva Anna , Letyagina Ekaterina
Published: April 2020

This article features a topical research, which is determined by the state of the economic sphere of life of modern Russian society. It focuses on the agricultural economic field of activity represented by agricultural enterprises. In the process of researching issues raised in the article, we have used general and specific scientific research methods, such as observation, analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction. They are what made it possible to identify economic risks that affect the financial stability of economic entities. We have focused on the financial risks of agricultural enterprises. Activities in agriculture are risky, and the growth of agricultural production, financial stability, etc., depends on how subjects overcome economic risks of various types. It is no secret that the growth of agricultural production is largely shaped by export economic operations. Thus, this leads to a drop in domestic consumer demand. Economic risks can lead to financial insolvency of agricultural enterprises. The article focuses on the specifics of the bankruptcy procedure of an agricultural organization. We provide quantitative indicators on declaring a debtor bankrupt by sectors of the economy for 2017 and 2018, including ones for bankruptcies of agricultural enterprises in the Krasnoyarsk region. Using systematic approach, we come to the conclusion about the main problems associated with the financial insolvency of agricultural enterprises.
The influence of barley weed impurities on the microbiological quality indicators
Authors: Belokurova Elena , Pankina Ilona , Sevastyanova Anna , Asfondyarova Irina , Katkova Nina
Published: April 2020

Currently, malting barley is one of the most important crops that form the basis of the food business in the Russian Federation. Malting barley is imported to Europe, Asia, Africa and South America. While storing and transporting grain, its microbiological quality indicators play a very important role. Grain seeded with various microorganisms quickly loses its functional and technological properties, which negatively affects the quality of beer produced from it. According to the results of the studies, it was found that the contamination of barley with microorganisms is greatly influenced by various impurities that enter the grain mass during harvest. As well as various impurities in the grain mass of malting barley, the grains of other plants wheat, rye and oats were found in some samples in quantity of about 4%. There were also a lot of beaten barley grains, in some samples more than 2%. The moisture content of the grain mass also affects the seeding by microorganisms. Impurities had a higher humidity than grain, purified from impurities. To reduce the microbial contamination of brewing barley grains, it is necessary to thoroughly clean and refine the grain mass immediately after harvesting.
Identification and analysis of difficulties in the implementation of HACCP in Russian food industry enterprises
Authors: Chernova Elena , Bazhenova Irina , Tsupranova Larisa , Bychenkova Valeria , Bazhenova Tatiana
Published: April 2020

The article shows the difficulties and risks that arise when implementing the HACCP system in Russian enterprises of the food industry. An expert group of specialists of different profiles and competencies identified the risks using the brainstorming method. An analysis of the risks that arise during the development and implementation of a food safety system based on the principles of HACCP showed that according to the source of occurrence, they are divided into two groups: external and internal. External risks include the risks posed by the state, which, according to experts, are the most significant. These include: poor educational work; lack of explanatory materials on the preparation and implementation of the system; lack of harmonization of HACCP requirements with the regulatory framework of the Russian Federation; complex terminology, complex presentation of information, etc. Internal risks include risks from the management and personnel of catering enterprises: a formal approach to the creation and implementation of the system, a low level of education for linear personnel, an imperfect incentive system, non-compliance with discipline in maintaining records and documents of the system, etc. The article describes actions to minimize the identified types of risks.
Calculation of optimal flow of ionite during water treatment in the column of continuous action
Authors: Golovanchikov Alexander , Zalipaeva Olga , Sinenko Tatiana , Shibitova Natalia , Prokhorenko Natalia , Cherikova Ksenia
Published: April 2020

In the article an algorithm for calculating the continuous ion exchange column is proposed. By analogy with the calculation of the optimal phlegm number of the rectification column this algorithm takes into consideration depreciation charges for capital costs associated with the size of the column and working capital associated with the consumption of ionite and its regeneration. This algorithm can be used to calculate depreciation charges for capital costs related to column sizes and working capital regarded to ionite consumption and regeneration. Examples of ionite consumption calculation at typical and proposed algorithms of calculation and technological and geometric parameters used in column of water purification from sodium cations are given. Thus, in a typical calculation, when the water being purified from sodium cations moves in the ideal displacement mode and the excess of ionite is 1% of its minimum consumption. The optimal ionite consumption corresponding to the minimum of capital costs and working capital, which requires an increase in the ionite consumption by 5.6% of its minimum consumption. In this case the cost of ion exchange increases by 4.5%. It confirms the recommendations for industrial operation and design of ion exchange columns and increases the minimum ionite consumption by 1÷10%. The continuous ion exchange column was calculated including the longitudinal diffusion. Necessity of the further increase of the ionite consumption with regard to the longitudinal diffusion is shown. In the article an example of the ion exchange process calculation in comparison with the typical one, when the displacement mode for the treated water is ideal, is given. Similar equations for the dependences of the concentration of extracted ions in the purified solution and ionite granules are proposed if the equilibrium dependence is described by a linear equation. The working line is dependent on the concentration of the extracted ions in an ionite and on their concentration in the purified water, first, because of a jump in concentration at the inlet and a concave shape of the working line (the latter is usually a straight one in case of the mass-transfer processes) reduces the local and average driving forces of mass-transfer process significantly. It leads to increasing of the moving layer height of the ion exchanger in the column 2 times, and can lead to crossing the line of equilibrium by reducing the concentration jump at the entrance. Consequently, it is necessary to increase ionite consumption by more than 18% compared to its minimum consumption.
The development of modern automated image processing and transfer systems for agriculture unmanned aerial vehicles
Authors: Vasileva Marina , Ismagilov Ilyas , Gerasimov Alexander
Published: April 2020

The paper contains results of analytic research of unmanned aerial vehicles using in agriculture. The main problems arising in the creation and subsequent large volumes of high-resolution images real time transfer in unmanned aerial vehicles are highlighted. The Automated image processing and transfer system using new methods of information compression on unmanned aerial vehicles board is proposed. The paper considers the issues of consider the problems of constructing new orderings of Walsh functions and constructing fast compression algorithms in synthesized systems of discrete Walsh functions. For processing and subsequent transmission of information from UAVs recommended to use the fast DWT procedure, it allows for a hardware implementation capable of the real-time conversion performing due to its simplicity. The introduction of the proposed solutions for UAVs in agriculture allows to increase accurasy of electronic cartographic material, to keep electronic records of agricultural operations, to carry out operational monitoring of the crops state and to respond quickly for violations and deviations, to predict crop yields and plan their activities for short-term and long-term prospects.
Impact of risks and threats on the region’s food supply in the context of import substitution
Authors: Kurbatova Svetlana M. , Vlasov Valery V. , Aisner Larisa Yu.
Published: April 2020

The introduction against Russia of “food sanctions” promoted the interest of scientists to analyze such scientific categories as “risks” and “threats” in the agricultural sector of the economy in terms of import substitution. Largely, the introduction of food sanctions is intended to reorient Russia’s foreign trade markets in order to find suppliers that are free from the current political environment. Reducing competition should help domestic agricultural producers to work effectively and reach a leading position in their food segment. The importance to study the emerging risks and threats in relation to the regional food supply system in the process of import substitution is connected with the fact that without proper understanding and analysis, a significant number of problems of economic, social and managerial relations in the food turnover both within the state and within the borders of a separate region can arise. In the article, the authors attempt to show the risks and threats of food security in the region in modern economic conditions.
The development of a biologically active additive to reduce the blood cholesterol level
Authors: Khamagaeva I.S. , Zambalova N.A. , Tsyzhipova A.V. , Bubeev A.T.
Published: April 2020

The relationship between the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) of flaxseed oil and the cholesterol-metabolizing activity of various strains of bifidobacteria was studied. The optimum dose of linseed oil in a nutrient medium for the cultivation of bifidobacteria was selected to provide high cholesterol destruction compared to the control. Of all the studied strains of bifidobacteria, the most pronounced destructive activity against cholesterol is displayed by the strain Bifidobacterium longum DK-100, which, with the biomass growth in a nutrient medium of linseed oil destroys 74% of the total cholesterol. When studying the fatty acid composition of the biomass of bifidobacteria, the oleic acid was found to predominate among monounsaturated fatty acids, and the α-linolenic acid to prevail among polyunsaturated fatty acids, that amounted to 44-45%. A decrease in the content of linolenic acid during the cultivation of bifidobacteria was noted, which is probably due to their participation of bifidobacteria in the metabolism. As a result of the studies, the optimum conditions for the cultivation of bifidobacteria were selected and the technological parameters of producing dietary supplements were justified.
Vorhofflimmern: Wie wichtig ist der Erhalt des Sinusrhythmus?
Authors: Meyer Christian , Metzner Andreas , Kirchhof Paulus
Published: April 2020

Rhythm control therapy, comprising antiarrhythmic drugs, cardioversion, and AF ablation, is an important component in the management of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Catheter ablation for AF, mainly targeting isolation of the pulmonary veins (AF ablation), has markedly improved the effectiveness of rhythm control therapy. Rhythm control improves symptoms and quality of life in patients with symptomatic AF. AF ablation maintains sinus rhythm more effectively than antiarrhythmic drug therapy. Antiarrhythmic drugs remain effective after AF ablation, underpinning the synergistic mechanisms of action of AF ablation and antiarrhythmic drugs. Different lifestyle interventions might additionally improve symptoms and rhythm stability in patients with AF. AF ablation appears to improve left ventricular function in a subset of patients. Summarized, rhythm control therapy in patients with symptomatic AF is safe and improves quality of life, including elderly patients with stroke risk factors. Further studies are needed to determine whether rhythm control therapy reduces AF-related complications while improving patient outcome with regard to prognosis.