bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Editorial
Authors: Arbulú Mario
Published: May 2021

La unidad de Publicaciones, la Dirección Nacional de Investigación y la Escuela de Ingeniería de la Corporación Unificada Nacional de Educación Superior (cun), con la intención de garantizar la transferencia tecnológica y visibilizar los trabajos de nuestros estudiantes y pares académicos de otras instituciones, tienen el gusto de presentar en esta edición de la revista #ashtag un conjunto de artículos relativos a electrónica de potencia, inteligencia artificial y robótica móvil. La enseñanza de sistemas de potencia con pwm se facilita con el abordaje de una herramienta didác[1]tica que induce a los estudiantes a explorar el potencial de la generación de señales pwm y su utilidad en aplicaciones prácticas en la industria. Dada la importancia de este asunto, el primer artículo versa precisamente sobre la conexión de la electrónica digital con el software, para generar distintos ciclos de trabajo pwm. La robótica móvil inteligente se aborda en esta edición a través del segundo artículo, que describe la  solución de un circuito en forma de laberinto a través de algoritmos de navegación clásica y reacción  con el entorno, aplicados en un robot móvil diseñado según las especificaciones de un reto de navegación inteligente en entornos complejos. Los circuitos de potencia de los inversores, ampliamente usados en la actualidad en los sistemas de energías renovables para transformar corriente directa en corriente alterna (ca), tienen lugar en esta edición a través del tercer artículo, que explica cómo mejorar la eficiencia de los inversores y llevarlos al punto de obtener el 96 % con carga resistiva y hasta un 90 % con carga reactiva. Por su parte, los robots móviles necesitan de un sistema de control para poder seguir sus referencias de movimiento en los entornos donde se desplazan. Las siguientes dos propuestas de esta edición involucran los algoritmos de control (local y global), el hardware seleccionado y su respectiva implementación en los robots que participaron en el Reto Indiana, organizado por nuestra institución, que incentiva la creatividad y el diseño aplicado de nuestros estudiantes. Los algoritmos genéticos aplicados para resolver problemas y adaptarse a entornos dinámicos con tribuyen a distintos casos prácticos. Se demostrará la filosofía y esencia de su funcionamiento en el sexto y último artículo, dedicado a la visualización de un mapa auto-organizado. Espero que estos importantes aportes a la transferencia de la ciencia y la tecnología entre nuestros estudiantes e investigadores, que con su esfuerzo conjunto determinarán el futuro del país, sean de su interés.
RETROSPECTIVE DYNAMIC STUDY OF THE CURRENT MORBIDITY OF MEDICAL AND NON-MEDICAL SPECIALISTS IN PRE-HOSPITAL HEALTH CARE
Authors:   Department of Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University - Sofia, Bulgaria., Hristova Lidiya , Tzacheva Nevena ,   Department of Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University - Sofia, Bulgaria., Nikolova Rouja ,   Department of Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University - Sofia, Bulgaria., Grigorov Velik ,   Department of Occupational Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University - Sofia, Bulgaria.
Published: May 2021

In recent years, the healthcare system has been considered by researchers to be a high-risk area, with registered diseases above the average level compared to other economic activities. This leads to high rates of permanently reduced efficiency and premature mortality. In the present study, we looked for the determinants of negative changes in the health status of employees in pre-hospital medical care, which in addition to socio-economic, are related to the work environment and the work process. The main guidelines for really overcoming these negative trends are: occupational health activities such as creating adequate regimes of work and rest, healthy and safe working conditions, health promotion and the unifying details of the Unified Health Integrated Dossier [UHID]. This occupational medicine dossier, developed as a module of "cloud structure" of E-health in Bulgaria, allowed the study of the health status in dynamics for a retrospective period of medical and non-medical specialists in two large diagnostic counseling centers [DCC] in Varna. It was found that in the structure of momentary disease for the two DCC in the first place are diseases of the eye and its appendages – 221,74%, followed by diseases of the circulatory system -101,45% and diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue by 28,99%. UHID with occupational medicine orientation is useful both for the employers and for the control and expert structures for assessment of the health status under specific working conditions in pre-hospital medical care. The study is supported by the National Scientific Program "e-Health in Bulgaria" [2018-2020], incl. and with financial support for participation in international scientific forums.
Morphometric features of blood vessels in adenomas and carcinomas of the parathyroid gland
Authors: Serbin Bogdan Ya. , Gychka Sergiy G. , Nikolaienko Sofiia I. , Oboghene Olori , Adekunle Rachel , Tovkai Oleksandr A.
Published: May 2021

In this article discussed the problem of neoangiogenesis in neoplastic processes of the parathyroid gland. Applying morphometric methods for the assessment of sectional tissue samples of patients with adenoma and carcinoma of the parathyroid gland, we obtained the results of quantitative and qualitative vascular growth during neoangiogenesis. At present, there are not many studies that assess vascular factor in parathyroid cancer. This study may be useful in research cancer treatment, as it highlights the pathological aspects of the formation of new blood vessels, which is similar in all malignant processes.
Fluidoterapia perioperatoria y complicaciones post pancreatectomía distal videolaparoscópica
Authors: Lobos Fernando , Barros Schelotto Pablo , Ramisch Diego , Rubio Santiago , Montes Leonardo , Gondolesi Gabriel
Published: May 2021

Despite mortality in pancreatic surgery has decreased over the last decade, morbidity remains high. One of the most important causes is pancreatic fistula. Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of fluid therapy management during the perioperative period in major abdominal surgeries. This finding was observed first in colonic surgery, demonstrating that overload of fluids increases postoperative complications. Objective. To evaluate the impact of fluid management on postoperative complications after laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy. Material and methods. Descriptive, retrospective study of a prospective database of patients whom underwent laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy from November 2011 to September 2018. Thirty patients were evaluated and divided in two groups depending on the fluid management (restrictive, or liberal). The data were collected from the anesthesia protocols and nursery reports (until 3rd postoperative day). Demographics, length of stay, kind of fluid management and complications were analyzed. For statistical analysis SPSS®v.21 was used (p < 0.05 was considered significant). Results. Out of 30 patients, 17% were male, mean age was 55 ± 18 years (r 19-82); 17 patients (57%) were included in the liberal group and 13 (43%) in the restrictive group. Twenty-three patients developed complications; 16 (53%) belonged to liberal group whereas 7 (23%) to restrictive group. (p = 0.01). Fourteen patients of liberal group vs. 6 patients of restrictive group had postoperative pancreatic fistula (p = 0.04). There were 7 patients (23%) in liberal group. and 4 (13%) patients in restrictive group with clinically relevant pancreatic fistula (13%, p = NS). Ninety day-mortality was 3.3, with no differences between groups. Conclusion. After laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy, liberal fluid administration at the perioperative period is associated with an increase in the incidence of complication, specially favoring the development of pancreatic fistula.
Alcoholización percutánea de quiste hepático simple. Reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Chungata Peláez Omar Santiago
Published: May 2021

With the advancement in complementary diagnostic methods, non-parasitic cystic liver disease has become a frequent reason for consultation in daily practice. Within the non-parasitic cystic disease of the liver, are the simple serous cysts, adult polycystic disease and pseudocysts. Simple cysts of the liver are intrahepatic cystic formations micro or macroscopic originating in conduits during embryonic development lose their communication with the biliary tree, either ductal obstruction or inflammatory hyperplastic ducts, thereby retaining liquid inside. We report the case of a patient with simple hepatic cyst which is the same as alcohol addiction takes minimally invasive definitive treatment. A literature review was performed highlighting treatment options for this disease.
Hemorragia digestiva alta y divertículo duodenal. Reporte de un caso
Authors: Solé Juan Jerónimo , Figgini Hernán , Aloy Leonela , Ritondale Otto , Ruiz Hugo Daniel
Published: May 2021

Bleeding duodenal diverticulum is an infrequent pathology in need of emergency treatment due to its high mortality. We present the clinical case of a 72-year-old patient with multiple comorbidities, who was admitted with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal pain and hemodynamic instability. Once hemodynamic stability was achieved, upper digestive endoscopy was performed, showing duodenal diverticulum in the upper knee with bleeding in the fundus, performing hemostatic control. CT was requested: at the level of the upper duodenal knee, wide base diverticulum. Surgery was scheduled for the high risk of new bleeding. In surgery, cholecystectomy and diverticulectomy were performed laparoscopically with mechanical suture. Anatomopathological report: duodenal wall with parietal thinning of the duodenum, suggestive of diverticulum by pulsion. The discharge was granted with radiological control on the 3rd postoperative day. The aim of this case is to show the importance of endoscopic resolution of urgency and subsequent laparoscopic management in a patient with important risk factors, evidencing the short hospital stay without postoperative complications.
Hernia diafragmática derecha complicada tras hepatectomía. Presentación de un cuadro oclusivo
Authors: Ortega Neith , Betancort Néstor , Cabrera Mercedes , Larrea Javier , Hernández Juan Ramón
Published: May 2021

Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia is an infrequent form of diaphragmatic disease. We present the case of a complicated right diaphragmatic hernia after right hepatectomy.
Mirizzi syndrome mimicking cholangiocarcinoma. Case report
Authors: Lorente Mitsumoto Gabriel , Monetta da Silva Lucas Augusto , Alves Ribeiro Mauricio , Martins Tocchio Mariana , Yvamoto Nátalie Emy , Di Santi Talita , Petersen da Costa Ferreira Caroline , Szutan Luiz Arnaldo
Published: May 2021

Mirizzi syndrome (MS) is a rare condition whose clinical presentation is unspecific, with obstructive jaundice being the most common form. MS is often not recognized at initial presentation, which can result in morbidity and biliary injury. Preoperative diagnosis is uncommon and over 50% of patients with MS are diagnosed during surgery. There are no clinical features to distinguish MS from cholangiocarcinoma, except that patients with cholangiocarcinoma are on average ten years older than patients with MS. We report the case of a 51-year-old female patient who presented with jaundice and weight loss. Following investigation with laboratory and imaging exams, the initial diagnosis was Bismuth II cholangiocarcinoma. The patient underwent surgical intervention, and anatomopathological examination of the specimen showed the correct diagnosis to be MS. Despite the rarity of its incidence, physicians must keep MS in mind as a possible differential diagnosis for cholangiocarcinoma and vice-versa. We discuss this case in the context of a brief review of the literature on Mirizzi syndrome mimicking cholangiocarcinoma.
ВИДЫ БОГОПОЗНАНИЯ В «ЗЛАТОЧРЕВЕ» СВ. ГРИГОРА ТАТЕВАЦИ
Authors: MATEVOSYAN ARTHUR
Published: May 2021

Св. Григор Татеваци родился в 1346г. в крепости Тмок (в Джавахке). Отец его был ремесленником из города Арчеш на берегу оз. Ван, а мать была крестьянкой из села Парби, находящегося в области
Айрарат. Спустя примерно 10 лет после его рождения его семья перебирается в область Вайоц-дзор. С детства он отличался блестящими способностями, и уже к 14 годам столь глубоко изучил Св. Писание, что к нему за разъяснениями обращались даже ученые вардапеты. В 1360г. он с семьей посещает столицу Грузии Тбилиси, где в то время находился св. Ованес Воротнеци. Тот, обратив внимание на исключительную одаренность юноши, берет его к себе в ученики и
забирает с собой в Татев, где на протяжении 28 лет обучает его всему
тому, что знал сам. Возглавив после смерти св. Ованеса Воротнеци
Татевский университет, св. Григор Татеваци превращает его в крупнейший всеармянский центр высшего образования, что тем более поразительно, если принять во внимание то обстоятельство, что речь идёт о времени опустошительных походов Тамерлана, подвергшего
Армению неслыханному разгрому и разорению.
К св. Григору в Татев стекаются ученики со всей Армении, которым он лично преподает целый ряд предметов, в том числе теологию, эксегетику, философию и естественные науки. Кроме того, он, будучи выдающимся каллиграфом, преподавал также и каллиграфию. Св. Григор не довольствовался обучением своих учеников, но и вместе с ними занимался широкой просветительской деятельностью, обходя города и сёла, и проповедуя там народу. В своих проповедях он учил слушателей основам христианской веры и нравственности, и за своё красноречие был прозван вторым Иоанном Златоустом. Ему приписываются чудотворные исцеления, причем как христиан, так и мусульман, многие из которых после этого крестились и становились христианами.
ABOUT THE TITLE OF SASANYAN PRINCES RULED IN ARMENIA IN THE 3RD CENTURY
Authors: MELIQYAN ARTHUR
Published: May 2021

Our exploration shows that the ruling of Sasanyan crown princes in
Armenia was one part of Sasanyan 1st ruler’s policy for solving the
problem of the succession of the throne. Choosing the crown in the way of
monopoly the Sasanyan king of kings did their best to srenghten their
smart sets positions as much as they could. For the transferation of the
throne they chose the types of iconography preaching used in earlier
Achaemenid Empire with the military-administrative mechanisms used in
Parthian empire. The title of "Great King of Armenian'' given to the Sasanyan crown princes served the same aim. In it “The Great King" had the honor's meaning which refered predominantly to the crown and, it also refered to Armenia in a way that
with its boardering position it was the garden of the heir of crown prince
and the central place for the army. The role of Armenia in the Sasanyan administrative system was not static; it was conditioned with the west direction of the external policy of early Sasanian Empire. It was not by chance that in the militaryadministrative system of Sasanyan empire Armenia retained its role untill the sighning of the peace treaty between emperor Probus and Varahran the First in 276. After the mentioned treaty in 276-293 Nerseh, who ruled in Armenia, already bore not the title of “The Great King of Armenia’’ but the title of “The king of Armenian”.
S. GMELIN’S TRAVEL TO THE EASTERN TRANSCAUCASIA AND NORTHERN REGIONS OF IRAN
Authors: MKHITARYAN GOHAR
Published: May 2021

During the Russo-Turkish War (1768–1774) the expedition
organized by the Russian Imperial Academy of Sciences building in Saint
Petersburg, in the person of S. Gmelin, for research purposes explored
the western shores of the Caspian Sea and the northern regions of Iran.
As a result of their research, the ethnography, history and the materials
on the customs of the people of these territories are accepted as public
value, the spiritual and material values are revealed as well.
During the study of the northern provinces of Iran and the Eastern
Transcaucasia the expedition had to overcome many obstacles by putting
S. Gmelin’s life on the line.
ON SOME FEATURES OF THE MIAPHYSITE AND DIAPHYSITE CHRISTOLOGICAL CONCEPTIONS
Authors: MATEVOSYAN ARTHUR
Published: May 2021

The problem of the relationship between divine and human natures in the person of Christ began to interest the Church as early as the 4th century, but Christological problems became particularly relevant in the next, 5th century due to the
emergence of Nestorian and Arian heresies, which were rejected and condemned by the Church. The Council of Chalcedon had an essential role in the approval of Christological dogma and its decisions were not adopted by the majority of the Eastern Churches, and among them the Armenian Church. During the long struggle against Chalcedonian Christology, the Armenian Church developed its own Christological conception,
which is distinguished by consistency and convincingness. According to this onception, Christ is the Logos, who adopted the perfect human nature. After incarnation, the divine and human natures in Christ formed unspeakable and unmixed unity, as a result of which all attempts to explain this great mystery of faith are doomed to failure, because the mind is unable to understand the inseparable unity of ontological opposites, each of which retains its qualitative definition. The Logos became incarnate of St. Virgin, whose nature the Holy Spirit had previously purified from original sin, so that the Son of God would be free from its consequences. The divine nature of the Logos was initially inextricably linked with the human nature of Jesus, so that the fact that St. Cyril of Alexandria called "the one nature of God the Word incarnate."
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНСКОГО НАРОДА (ОТ ТАТАРИЗАЦИИ ДО АЗЕРБАЙДЖАНИЗАЦИИ) В КОНТЕКСТЕ АДМИНИСТРАТИВНО-ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНОЙ
И ЭТНОНАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ГЕОПОЛИТИКИ В ЗАКАВКАЗЬЕ В XIX-XX ВВ.
Authors: BABAYAN DAVIT
Published: May 2021

После присоединения Закавказья Российская империя получила стратегически важнейший регион, контроль над которым существенно повышал уровень безопасности страны и давал возможность решать целый ряд стратегически важнейших геополитических задач на Ближнем и Среднем Востоке.
PARUYR HAYKAZN IN ARMENIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE XIX CENTURY
Authors: TSAKANYAN RUSLAN
Published: May 2021

The article discusses all available source material on Paruyr Haykazn and prominent figures of the XIX century Armenian historiography, including H. Ghatrchyan’s, A. Garagashyan’s, K. Patkanyan’s, N. Emin’s, G. Khalatatyants’, S. Palasanyan’s views. Particular attention was paid to Mikayel Chamchyants’ viewpoints and chronology. Summing up the above, it can be surely stated that the Armenian historiography of the XIX century became the most important basis on which the Armenian studies developed in
the XX century.
Nicaragua: ¿Hacia una ley de primer empleo juvenil?
Authors: Tórrez Mario Isaías , Lau Giovanny De J. G.
Published: May 2021

Los esfuerzos realizados por los diferentes gobiernos en alianza con organizaciones juveniles, empresariales y la OIT han dado, después de muchos años, frutos positivos. Según datos recientes publicados en el informe Tendencia Mundiales del Mercado Juvenil 2015 de la OIT -publicado hace unos meses- existe una tendencia a la disminución del desempleo juvenil y al aumento de la escolaridad en varios países del mundo, lo que representa una gran esperanza para la juventud; sin embargo, como lo expresa el mismo informe esta tendencia no se ha presentado de manera homogénea en todos los países y/o regiones del planeta, por lo que los esfuerzos deben seguir realizándose. En el caso de Nicaragua, las estadísticas de desempleo juvenil siguen estancadas por lo que el llamado a la acción aún está vigente a pesar de las distintas iniciativas, planes, políticas y programas impulsados por los distintos actores sociales y gubernamentales de cara a contrarrestar la crisis del desempleo juvenil. El objetivo del presente trabajo denominado “Nicaragua: ¿hacia una ley del primer empleo juvenil?”, es rescatar una de las iniciativas impulsadas desde la Asamblea Nacional y dar continuidad al debate teórico sobre la importancia de una Ley de primer empleo juvenil en nuestro país.
Social Support Structures; A catalyst to Sustainable Adolescents’ Reproductive Health Programming in Ghana
Authors: L. Stephen , J. Mbugua , N. D. Kyalo , T. Maitho
Published: May 2021

The issue of adolescents’ reproductive ill-health has been widely recognized as a multi-scalar social problem that affects various sectors in the world today. In this regard, this empirical study was conducted to establish the extent to which social support structures, contribute to sustainable implementation of adolescents’ reproductive health programme in the Brong Ahafo Region of Ghana. A descriptive cross-sectional survey and correlational designs, underpinned by the pragmatic paradigm or mixed-method research as the appropriate research technique, was adopted study to investigate its purpose and objectives. Through a multistage sampling technique, a sample size of 189 respondents was generated from a target population of 332 stakeholders, with data obtained through key informant interview schedules, focus group discussions and direct observation, and structured and unstructured questionnaires administered in Ghana. It was found that social support structures and sustainable implementation of adolescent’s reproductive health programme are positively and significantly linked, since the model results shows that r = 0.831. R2 =0.691, F (1.180) = 401.713. p<0.001<0.05. We concluded that for sustainable implementation of adolescent’s reproductive health programmes, social support structures play a significant role in the process. Hence programme implementers and duty bearers of adolescent’s reproductive health interventions should take note of this fact and act accordingly.
From the Editor
Authors: Alejziak Wiesław
Published: May 2021

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Handelsrecht
Authors: Steinbeck Anja
Published: May 2021

Das Handelsrecht gehört zu den sogenannten Nebengebieten im Examen und wird daher zumeist unterschätzt. Das Lehrbuch erläutert die Normen und Probleme, deren Beherrschung im Examen im Pflichtfachbereich erwartet wird, setzen Sie also nicht auf Lücke! Grundlage für die Auswahl sind unter anderem Examensklausuren aus Nordrhein-Westfalen und die Vorlesungen der Autorin zum Handelsrecht.
Das Subjekt als Gemeinwesen
Authors: Telios Thomas
Published: May 2021

Following Marx s dictum that man ‘in his individual existence is at the same time a social being’, this book explores the question of collective agency. The author’s argument is that, thanks to its social construction as a collective being, the subject is afforded the chance to engage in collective practices. This socioontological justification of collective agency brings with it an anti-normative view of collective struggles, which are no longer subject to the burden of moral regulations and identical policies.

In a first step, the author interprets Karl Marx’s concept of the subject as a social being and explicates it through the concept of communist subjectivity based on Jean-Luc Nancy. In a second step and by applying the theories of Georg Lukács, Louis Althusser and Judith Butler, the author shows how the subject emerges at the intersection between labour, language and bodily practices. In a third step, the concept of the plastic body, which the author borrows from Catherine Malabou’s concept of plasticity, serves to illustrate how the different identities encounter each other in the subject’s body and how they relate to one another. Seen this way, the subject, which is originally structured as a collective, can determine itself if it acts according to its structuration, i.e. if it acts collectively.
Analýza potřeb studentů odborného francouzského jazyka v přípravě na pracovní stáže ve Francii
Authors: Delalande Hana
Published: May 2021

V příspěvku je představen kontext disertačního výzkumu, jehož cílem je zmapovat náplň pracovních stáží českých a slovenských studentů ve francouzských institucích veřejné správy, identifikovat komunikační situace, do kterých se studenti během stáží dostávají, a definovat úlohy, které musí řešit. Na základě rozhovorů se studenty francouzsko-českého studijního programu ESF MU Veřejná správa (Administration publique) bezprostředně po ukončení pracovní stáže byly v rámci pilotního výzkumu v roce 2018 identifikovány problematické situace a okruhy a analyzovány z hlediska potřeb chybějících v předcházející přípravě. V závěru příspěvku jsou prezentovány možnosti zefektivnění přípravy na stáže a další kroky disertačního výzkumu.
Eliminácia plagiátorstva z projektových prác študentov
Authors: Kaščáková Eva , Kožaríková Henrieta
Published: May 2021

Projektové vyučovanie je veľmi populárne už niekoľko desaťročí a študenti sa počas štúdia pravidelne stretávajú s rôznymi projektovými úlohami. Napriek tomu, že v čase, keď začínajú vysokoškolské vzdelávanie majú s projektovou prácou bohaté skúsenosti, mnohým študentom často chýbajú základné akademické návyky a zručnosti, najmä vo vzťahu k akademickej nečestnosti a plagiátorstvu. Príspevok sa pokúša identifikovať typické porušovanie akademickej etiky v záverečných projektoch kurzov obchodnej angličtiny, ako napríklad neuvedenie autorstva prevzatej myšlienky, úmyselné a neúmyselné plagiátorstvo, nevhodné parafrázovanie, neakceptovateľné používanie citácií alebo iné nedostatky súvisiace s používaním zdrojov. Autorky sa v príspevku venujú príčinám takéhoto správania a riešeniam, ktoré presahujú využitie sofistikovaných testov originality. Okrem potreby náležitého vzdelávania v správnom citovaní, parafrázovaní a sumarizovaní, poukazujú aj na potrebu prehodnotenia relevantnosti úlohy, ktorá je nevyhnutná pre správne vypracovanie projektu. Dosiahne sa tak nielen originalita výsledkov, ale aj autentickosť práce a rozvoj relevantných zručností pre 21. storočie, ako je kritické myslenie, riešenie problémov, tvorivosť, spolupráca, informačná gramotnosť, produktivita a zodpovednosť. Nadobudnutie týchto zručností vedie k rozvoju schopnosti autonómneho celoživotného vzdelávania.
Merkezi Sınavlardaki Soru Kitapçıklarına A* Algoritması ile Derslerin Yerleştirilmesi
Authors: Kul Sinan , BAŞAR Mehmet Sinan
Published: May 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı Açıköğretim Fakülteleri için gerçekleştirilen sınavlarda kullanılan kitapçıklardaki ders tekrarlarını azaltarak, toplamda üretilen farklı kitapçık sayısını düşürmektir. Bu şekilde baskı maliyetlerini ve işlem karmaşıklığını azaltarak işlem süresini ve bu süreçteki olası hataların azaltılması hedeflenmektedir.
Kitapçıklara dersler tanımlanırken, derslere ilişkin sınavların hangi oturumlarda yapılacağı bilgisi ile öğrenci ders alma bilgisi kullanılmaktadır. Diğer taraftan herhangi bir öğrencinin tüm derslerinin bir kitapçıkta bulunması ve bir kitapçıkta en fazla 15 ders bulunması kısıtlarına uyulmaktadır.
Kitapçıklara ders ataması probleminin çözümü için A* algoritması kullanılmıştır. İlk kitapçığa ilk ders ataması yapılırken öğrenci ders alma bilgisi kullanılmış ve en fazla öğrenci tarafından alınan ders ilk kitapçığa yerleştirilmiştir. Kitapçıkta yer alacak diğer tüm derslerin seçiminde ise seçilecek dersle birlikte kitapçıktaki derslerden başka dersi kalmayan öğrenci sayısının maksimum olması hedeflenmiştir.
Çalışma öncesi durumda, üç oturumda gerçekleştirilen sınavlar için 1. oturumda 18, 2. Oturumda 18 ve 3. Oturumda 8 olmak üzere toplamda 44 adet farklı kitapçık bulunmaktadır. Çalışma sonucunda ise toplamda 24 tür kitapçık üretilmiştir. Tekrar eden ders sayısı artmasına rağmen kitapçık sayısı nerdeyse yarı yarıya azaltılabilmiştir.
Endüstri 5.0’a Doğru: Zeki Otonom Sistemlerde Etik ve Ahlaki Sorumluluklar
Authors: CANBAY Pelin , DEMİRCİOĞLU Zübeyde
Published: May 2021

Endüstri 4.0 ile makinelerin birbiriyle haberleştiği bir sürece girmiş bulunmaktayız. Bu süreç, makinelerin otonom kararlar vereceği ve bu kararlar ile insanların hayatına önemli etkilerde bulunacağı Endüstri 5.0 döneminin de ilk adımlarını oluşturmaktadır. Endüstride meydana gelen bu gelişmelerin temelinde yapay zekâ algoritmaları ile birçok alanda elde edilen yüksek başarılar yer almaktadır. Geliştikçe başarısı ve karmaşıklığı artarken anlaşılabilirliği azalan yapay zekâ temelli sistemlerin insanları etkileyen önemli kararların alınmasında kullanılacak olması birçok şüpheyi de beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu şüpheler sadece son kullanıcı tarafında değil aynı zamanda sosyal ve ekonomik dönüşümlerle de ilgilidir. Endüstri 5.0’ın önündeki engellerin başında geliştirilmesi planlanan zeki topluluğa karşı toplumsal önyargılar bulunmaktadır. Bu sebeple, zeki ve otonom makinelerin ne tür etik ve ahlaki sorumlulukların bilincinde makineler olduğunun topluma açıklanabilir olması gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada, hangi durumlarda yapay zekâ nın etik ve ahlaki değerlere sahip olması gerektiği ve bu değerleri ne şekilde öğrenebileceği araştırılmış, teknoloji ve sosyoloji bağlamında mevcut çalışmalar derlenerek zeki otonom sistemler için sağlam bir etik zeminin olası toplumsal ve teknolojik etkileri değerlendirilmiştir.
Uma crítica à massificação educacional no Ensino Médio a partir da Filosofia de Ortega y Gasset
Authors: Pereira Joabe Tavares , Souza Galileu Galilei Medeiros de
Published: May 2021

Neste texto buscamos analisar o fenômeno de massificação educacional que ocorre no contexto do Ensino Médio e como o ensino de filosofia pode contribuir para mitigar esse processo. Para tanto, será apresentada a noção de filosofia do pensador espanhol José Ortega y Gasset (1883-1955), especialmente centrada na leitura analítica de O que é Filosofia? e de A Rebelião das Massas, destacando sua preocupação com a adequação dos programas educativos ao esforço por superar o fenômeno da massificação. Mostra-se, assim, como a filosofia, por seu caráter específico, pode servir de instrumento contra o fenômeno de massificação da educação. Por fim, indica-se os ganhos de uma aproximação entre a filosofia orteguiana e a realidade de nossos programas educativos, especialmente aqueles que funcionam no Ensino Médio.
Translating philosophical aesthetics: Peritext as a win­dow into the translator's mind. Part 2
Authors:   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Boyko L. B. , Gulina A. K. ,   Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University
Published: May 2021

Providing space for elucidating key translational issues is not a mundane practice but a privilege only hand-picked texts enjoy, philosophical writings among them. The challenge of translating philosophical discourse is widely recognized but scarcely explored. In this article, translation of philosophical texts is regarded as a procedure of knowledge transfer from one intellectual space into another and of knowledge-making through reconceptualization of key terms. This process is made partly observable in various types of notes — a special cluster of additional information known as translational peritext where translators are given an oppor­tunity to explicate their decisions made in the course of translation. Among translation hur­dles in philosophical discourse are technical terms which are often either in­vented or re-conceptualized by the scholar and then need to be re-contextualized by the trans­lator. Seeking to reflect on translation as a heuristic process, this paper will focus on the reso­lution of the potential cognitive dissonance and the translator’s justification of sense-oriented strategies in dealing with such key concepts as ‘connoisseur’, ‘grace’, ‘sublime’, and ‘je ne sçai quoi’ in the translation of the seminal work on the philosophy of aesthetics Analysis of Beauty by the celebrated 18th century English artist William Hogarth.
Education and Migration:
Authors: N. V. Varghese
Published: May 2021

The Indian diaspora consists of low- and semi-skilled migrants mainly tothe Middle-East; migration of the highly-skilled to developed countries;and cross-border students who seek employment and remain in their hostcountries. India initially viewed the migration of the best educated fromits prestigious institutions as ‘brain drain’. However, with the reverse flowof these professionals, the diaspora came to be seen as ‘brain gain’. Thehighly-skilled Indian diaspora assumed positions of responsibility in thecorporate world, in academia (including Nobel laureates), and in the politicaland social spheres in some host countries, thereby enhancing India’simage abroad.

Key words: India, skilled migration, human aspirations, brain drain, braingain
De la Birette francesa al duende colombiano: comparación de etnotextos asociados a investigaciones dialectológicas en Colombia y Francia de los años 1960 y 1970
Authors: Munevar Salazar Alejandro , Bernal Chávez Julio Alexander , García Hernández Daniela Lizeth
Published: May 2021

En este artículo presentamos un análisis comparado de archivos sonoros (denominados etnotextos) de investigaciones dialectológicas realizadas en Colombia y en Francia, entre 1960 y 1970. Por medio de una propuesta teórico-metodológica que combina la Lingüística de Corpus y una propuesta específica del análisis del discurso (Wortham y Reyes 2015), analizamos las representaciones discursivas asociadas a las figuras mitológicas de la birette francesa y del duende colombiano. Los resultados nos permitieron identificar un esquema cultural (Sharifian, 2017) que le da sentido a nociones duales como la infancia y la adultez, la vida y la muerte y, lo sagrado y lo profano, en la cultura popular de ambos países.
El uso de ¿no? en España y México. Un estudio intergenérico a partir de corpus
Authors: Uclés Ramada Gloria
Published: May 2021

En este artículo se presentan los valores que la forma ¿no? puede desarrollar y se proporciona una comparación entre su comportamiento en el español de España y en el de México en dos géneros discursivos diferentes: conversación y entrevista. Para ello, se lleva a cabo un análisis a partir de los corpus Val.Es.Co. 2.0 y Ameresco-Monterrey para la conversación y PRESSEA Madrid, Valencia, Monterrey y Ciudad de México para la entrevista. La tipología de ¿no? puede dividirse en dos grupos: las funciones que implican la gestión de la imagen (petición de afiliación, atenuación, intensificación) y las que se dedican a la estructuración de la información (delimitación, movilización de respuesta). El estudio contrastivo muestra tanto diferencias distribucionales asociadas al género y, en el caso de la entrevista, al papel discursivo como a la variedad diatópica.
The Native American dream in Sherman Alexie's short story “One Good Man”
Authors: Arce Álvarez María Laura
Published: May 2021

The purpose of this article is to discuss the idea of an Indian identity and the Native American Dream in Sherman Alexie’s short story “One Good Man.” In this story, Alexie introduces the idea of the Indian constructed by the White Americans and attempts through his characters to redefine that concept by deconstructing all the different stereotypes created by the White American society. In order to do this, he also introduces the idea of the American Dream that he calls the “Native American Dream” to express the social inequality and hopeless existence of the Indian community always immersed in an ironic and comic discourse. In this sense, Alexie proposes a new definition of the Indian identity looking back to culture, tradition and the space of the reservation. He creates in his fiction a space of contestation and resistance opening a new voice for the Native American identity.
Metaphors of mental illness: a corpus-based approach analysing first-person accounts of patients and mental health professionals
Authors: Coll-Florit Marta , Oliver Antoni , Climent Salvador
Published: May 2021

In this paper we describe the building, manual annotation and analysis of a balanced corpus to assess conceptual metaphors on mental illness as used in Spanish blogger writing by patients and mental health professionals. The corpus was structured as eight subgroups: four patient subgroups (composed of persons who declared having been diagnosed with major depression, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or obsessive-compulsive disorder) and four mental health professional subgroups (psychiatrists, psychologists, social educators, nurses). The quantitative analysis identified similarities and differences between groups regarding the volume of metaphors produced and the topics linguistically expressed through metaphors. The most frequent metaphors used by each major group, patients and professionals, were qualitatively analysed, with the principal findings showing a set of source domains used to conceptualize all four severe mental disorders, thus pointing to a common conceptualization of mental suffering irrespective of the specific diagnosis, and two major types of metaphors, WAR and JOURNEY, used by all subgroups of patients and professionals to talk about their first-hand experiences.
Only two out of five articles by New Zealand researchers are free-to-access: a multiple API study of access, citations, cost of Article Processing Charges (APC), and the potential to increase the proportion of open access
Authors: White Richard K.A. , Angelo Anton , Fitchett Deborah , Fraser Moira , Hayes Luqman , Howie Jessica , Richardson Emma , White Bruce
Published: May 2021

We studied journal articles published by researchers at all eight New Zealand universities in 2017 to determine how many were freely accessible on the web. We wrote software code to harvest data from multiple sources, code that we now share to enable others to reproduce our work on their own sample set. In May 2019, we ran our code to determine which of the 2017 articles were open at that time and by what method; where those articles would have incurred an Article Processing Charge (APC) we calculated the cost if those charges had been paid. Where articles were not freely available we determined whether the policies of publishers in each case would have allowed deposit in a non-commercial repository (Green open access). We also examined citation rates for different types of access. We found that, of our 2017 sample set, about two out of every five articles were freely accessible without payment or subscription (41%). Where research was explicitly said to be funded by New Zealand’s major research funding agencies, the proportion was slightly higher at 45%. Where open articles would have incurred an APC we estimated an average cost per article of USD1,682 (for publications where all articles require an APC, that is, Gold open access) and USD2,558 (where APC payment is optional, Hybrid open access) at a total estimated cost of USD1.45m. Of the paid options, Gold is by far more common for New Zealand researchers (82% Gold, 18% Hybrid). In terms of citations, our analysis aligned with previous studies that suggest a correlation between publications being freely accessible and, on balance, slightly higher rates of citation. This is not seen across all types of open access, however, with Diamond OA achieving the lowest rates. Where articles were not freely accessible we found that a very large majority of them (88% or 3089 publications) could have been legally deposited in an institutional repository. Similarly, only in a very small number of cases had a version deposited in the repository of a New Zealand university made the difference between the publication being freely accessible or not (125 publications). Given that most New Zealand researchers support research being open, there is clearly a large gap between belief and practice in New Zealand’s research ecosystem.
Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response self-reporters showed higher scores for cognitive reappraisal as an emotion regulation strategy
Authors: Morales Ricardo , Ramírez-Benavides Daniela , Villena-Gonzalez Mario
Published: May 2021

Background

Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response (ASMR) describes the experience of a pleasant tingling sensation along the back of the head, accompanied with a feeling of well-being and relaxation, in response to specific audio-visual stimuli, such as whispers, soft sounds, and personal attention. Previous works have assessed individual variations in personality traits associated with ASMR, but no research to date has explored differences in emotion regulation associated with ASMR. This omission occurred even when ASMR, a sensory-emotional experience, has been proposed to be located in a sound sensitivity spectrum as the opposite end of misophonia, a phenomenon associated with difficulties regulating emotions. The present work aimed to assess group differences between ASMR self-reporters and non-ASMR controls associated with emotion regulation strategies.

Methods

We used the validated Spanish version of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire to assess individual differences in the use of cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression.

Results

Our results showed that participants who experience ASMR had higher scores in the cognitive reappraisal subscale of the emotion regulation questionnaire than the non-ASMR group.

Conclusions

Individuals who experience ASMR reported higher use of cognitive reevaluation of emotionally arousing situations, suggesting more effectiveness in regulating emotions. Our finding further elucidates individual differences related to this experience, supporting that ASMR is a real psychophysiological phenomenon associated with other psychological constructs and has remarkable consequences in affective/emotional dimensions and general well-being.
Pattern of Psychoactive Substances Use among Long-Distance Truck Drivers in Nigeria
Authors: Dada Mobolaji Usman , Adeoti Adekunle Olatayo , Elebiyo Tobiloba , Kumolalo Banji Ferdinand ` , Ajiboye Adedotun Samuel
Published: May 2021

Aims: This study was designed to examine the pattern of psychoactive drugs use among long-distance truck drivers in Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti state, Nigeria.

Study Design: This was a descriptive cross sectional study.

Place and Duration: The study was conducted at the converging motor park for truck drivers in Ado-Ekiti, south-west Nigeria between September and December 2019.

Methods: The pattern of psychoactive drugs use among 306 adult male truck drivers was determined using a semi-structured questionnaire in addition to a sociodemographic questionnaire. Data was analyzed and logistic regression was used to identify significant predictors of illicit drug use.

Results: Among the 306 study participants, 43.7% consumed alcohol.  The major non-prescription drugs used by the truck drivers were cough syrups (67.0%); analgesics (49.3%); cannabis (39.9%); amphetamine/methamphetamine (33.0%) and tranquilizers (32.0%). Opioid analgesics like tramadol (35.1%) and morphine (22.3%) were the commonly used analgesics. The predictor of psychoactive drugs use among the long-distance truck drivers is the co-use of alcohol and tobacco (AOR (1.71) 95% CI (1.24–2.36%).

Conclusion: There is a high rate of psychoactive drugs use among truck drivers. There is an urgent need to educate the truck drivers on the adverse implications of illicit drug use and the need to abstain for better health promotion.
Application programming interface guided QA plan generation and analysis automation
Authors: Schmidt Matthew C. , Raman Caleb A. , Wu Yu , Yaqoub Mahmoud M. , Hao Yao , Mahon Rebecca Nichole , Riblett Matthew J. , Knutson Nels C. , Sajo Erno , Zygmanski Piotr , Jandel Marian , Reynoso Francisco J. , Sun Baozhou
Published: May 2021

Purpose

Linear accelerator quality assurance (QA) in radiation therapy is a time consuming but fundamental part of ensuring the performance characteristics of radiation delivering machines. The goal of this work is to develop an automated and standardized QA plan generation and analysis system in the Oncology Information System (OIS) to streamline the QA process.

Methods

Automating the QA process includes two software components: the AutoQA Builder to generate daily, monthly, quarterly, and miscellaneous periodic linear accelerator QA plans within the Treatment Planning System (TPS) and the AutoQA Analysis to analyze images collected on the Electronic Portal Imaging Device (EPID) allowing for a rapid analysis of the acquired QA images. To verify the results of the automated QA analysis, results were compared to the current standard for QA assessment for the jaw junction, light‐radiation coincidence, picket fence, and volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) QA plans across three linacs and over a 6‐month period.

Results

The AutoQA Builder application has been utilized clinically 322 times to create QA patients, construct phantom images, and deploy common periodic QA tests across multiple institutions, linear accelerators, and physicists. Comparing the AutoQA Analysis results with our current institutional QA standard the mean difference of the ratio of intensity values within the field‐matched junction and ball‐bearing position detection was 0.012 ± 0.053 (P = 0.159) and is 0.011 ± 0.224 mm (P = 0.355), respectively. Analysis of VMAT QA plans resulted in a maximum percentage difference of 0.3%.

Conclusion

The automated creation and analysis of quality assurance plans using multiple APIs can be of immediate benefit to linear accelerator quality assurance efficiency and standardization. QA plan creation can be done without following tedious procedures through API assistance, and analysis can be performed inside of the clinical OIS in an automated fashion.
In Situ Microwave Synthesis of SnO2‐Porous Biomass Carbon as Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Gong Keyu , Ma Yiman , Zhang Tao , Yan Lei , Miao Yang , Gao Feng
Published: May 2021

Using absorbent cotton fiber as raw material, the porous biomass carbon (PC) structure is obtained by the Mg2+ template method. Then, SnO2 particles are loaded on the surface and internal pores by microwave treatment to obtain a composite material as anode material for lithium ion batteries, which releases a stable capacity of 508 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles at a current density of 300 mA g−1. The PC structure not only offers a large specific surface area and active sites, but also buffers the expansion and agglomeration of the SnO2 particles during the deintercalation of lithium ions.
A Charge‐Based Mechanistic Study into the Effect of Collector Temperature on Melt Electrohydrodynamic Printing Outcomes
Authors: Cao Kai , Zhang Fucheng , Zaeri Ahmadreza , Zgeib Ralf , Chang Robert C.
Published: May 2021

Melt electrowriting (MEW) is an emerging additive process for high‐fidelity, microscale fibrous scaffold fabrication. However, achieving precise multilayered MEW‐enabled scaffolds is limited by the entrapped residual charges owing to charge‐based mechanisms. Specifically, the semi‐conductive nature of processed materials causes retainment of net positive charges and jet–fiber repulsion, while exposure to the electric field yields charge polarization with resultant jet–fiber attraction. These competing effects work in tandem to determine the distinctive features of jet–fiber interaction. To deconstruct various charge‐related phenomena, the collector temperature is manipulated as a key process variable to investigate its effect on printing outcomes in two printing modes. Moreover, energy analysis is introduced to explain how collector temperature affects the polarization extent, along with the jet–fiber interaction and printing outcomes. In single fiber printing mode, sets of two parallel fibers with variable set interfiber distances (sSf) are printed at different collector temperatures. At a low sSf threshold, significant fiber attraction is observed, but no significant difference is observed among the cases at different collector temperatures. In scaffold printing mode, 200‐layer scaffolds are printed at different collector temperatures, and the wall morphologies are found to vary with location, layer number, and collector temperature.