bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Industrial Robot Contouring Control Based on Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline Curve
Authors: Wang Guirong , Chen Jiahao , Zhou Kun , Pang Zhihui
Published: November 2022

This paper presents a novel algorithm about the industrial robot contouring control based on the NURBS (non-uniform rational B-spline) curve. First, aiming at the error between the industrial robot’s actual trajectory and the desired trajectory, the contour error is proposed as the trajectory evaluation index, and the estimation algorithm of contour error based on the tangent approximation is proposed. Based on the tangent approximation algorithm, the estimation algorithm of contour error in the local task coordinate frame is proposed to realize the transformation from the Cartesian coordinate frame to the local task coordinate frame. Second, according to the configuration of the industrial robot, a modified cross-coupling control scheme based on the local task coordinate frame is designed. Finally, the Bernoulli’s lemniscate curves are constructed by NURBS curve and five-order polynomial curve, respectively, and they are symmetrical. The contrast experiment is designed using the two types of constructed Bernoulli’s lemniscate curves as the incentive trajectory. Through the analysis and comparison between the obtained uniaxial tracking error and the contour error curve of the two incentive trajectories, it is concluded that the incentive trajectory constructed by the NURBS curve has better contour control performance than that constructed by the five-order polynomial curve. The results drawn from this paper lay a certain foundation for the future high-precision contouring control of industrial robots.
Antibiotic Toxicity Isolated and as Binary Mixture to Freshwater Algae Raphidocelis subcapitata: Growth Inhibition, Prediction Model, and Environmental Risk Assessment
Authors: Chang Fang , Yi Malan , Li Huiting , Wang Jiangnan , Zhao Xuefeng , Hu Xiaoyue , Qi Qianju
Published: November 2022

Antibiotics in aqueous environments can have extremely adverse effects on non-targeted organisms. However, many research projects have only focused on the toxicological evaluation of individual antibiotics in various environments. In the present work, individual and binary mixture toxicity experiments have been conducted with the model organism Raphidocelis subcapitata (R. subcapitata), and a mixture concentration-response curve was established and contrasted with the estimated effects on the basis of both the concentration addition (CA) and the independent action (IA) models. In addition, different risk assessment methods were used and compared to evaluate the environmental risk of binary mixtures. The toxic ranking of the selected antibiotics to R. subcapitata was erythromycin (ERY) > sulfamethoxazole (SMX) > sulfamethazine (SMZ). In general, the conclusion of this study is that the adverse effects of binary mixtures are higher than the individual antibiotics. The CA model and RQSTU are more suitable for toxicity prediction and risk assessment of binary mixtures. This study reveals the potential ecological risks that antibiotics and their mixtures may pose to water ecosystems, thus providing scientific information for environmental quality regulation.
Applying the Sustainability Barometer Approach to Assess Urban Sustainability
Authors: Robati Maryam , Rezaei Fatemeh
Published: November 2022

Sustainability is a multidisciplinary developing science, and sustainable urban development focuses on socioeconomic, cultural, and environmental dimensions. Sustainable urban development is considered as a form of development covering urban spaces. Therefore, sustainability is regarded as one of the most important issues in urban planning. The present study aims to evaluate urban sustainability in nine regions of Tehran’s District 4 using the barometer of sustainability. The study area, covering twenty populous areas with various socioeconomic, cultural, and environmental problems, is located in the northeast of Tehran. The results obtained from overall sustainability and Prescott-Allen ranking indicate that regions 7, 6, 2, 3, and 8 are in medium sustainability level with the scores of 0.492, 0.484, 0.471, 0.411, and 0.457 respectively. However, other regions including regions 9, 1, 4 and 5 with the scores of 0.370, 0.330, 0.281 and 0.274, respectively, were found to be potentially unsustainable. In terms of human and ecosystem well-being, regions 2 and 3 gained the highest score, and regions 9 and 5 had the lowest scores. Based on the results, some practical solutions were provided to improve the sustainability in the area.
Recombination Events in Putative Tail Fibre Gene in Litunavirus Phages Infecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Their Phylogenetic Consequences
Authors: Górniak Marcin , Zalewska Aleksandra , Jurczak-Kurek Agata
Published: November 2022

Recombination is the main driver of bacteriophage evolution. It may serve as a tool for extending the phage host spectrum, which is significant not only for phages’ ecology but also for their utilisation as therapeutic agents of bacterial infections. The aim of this study was to detect the recombination events in the genomes of Litunavirus phages infecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and present their impact on phylogenetic relations within this phage group. The phylogenetic analyses involved: the whole-genome, core-genome (Schitoviridae conserved genes), variable genome region, and the whole-genome minus variable region. Interestingly, the recombination events taking place in the putative host recognition region (tail fibre protein gene and the adjacent downstream gene) significantly influenced tree topology, suggesting a strong phylogenetic signal. Our results indicate the recombination between phages from two genera Litunavirus and Luzeptimavirus and demonstrate its influence on phage phylogeny.
HBcrAg Predicts Hepatocellular Carcinoma Development in Chronic B Hepatitis Related Liver Cirrhosis Patients Undergoing Long-Term Effective Anti-Viral
Authors: Chang Kuo-Chin , Lin Ming-Tsung , Wang Jing-Houng , Hung Chao-Hung , Chen Chien-Hung , Chiu Sherry Yueh-Hsia , Hu Tsung-Hui
Published: November 2022

Hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg) is a predictor of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Studies on anti-viral therapy have shown that the use of NUC therapy in HBV patients could reduce the incidence of HCC. However, the incidence of HCC continues to increase after long-term anti-viral therapy. The relationship between HBcrAg and HCC development in CHB-related liver cirrhosis (LC) patients undergoing long-term anti-viral therapy is still unclear. This study enrolled 1108 treatment-naïve CHB patients diagnosed with HBV-related LC receiving NUC therapy from April 1999 to February 2015. The baseline biomarkers, disease history, and following results were collected by the hospital. Among the 1108 patients, 219 developed HCC within a median follow-up period of 6.85 years. A multivariable Cox regression model was used, with adjustment for age, gender, FIB-4, DM, and HBsAg-HQ. The adjusted hazard ratios for the HBcrAg tertile levels were 1.70 (95%CI: 1.21, 2.39) and 2.14 (95%CI: 1.50, 3.05) for levels 3.4–4.9 and >4.9 logU/mL, respectively, compared with levels ≤3.4. The effect of the HBcrAg level on HCC incidence was found to be significantly modified by HBsAg-HQ, where lower HBsAg-HQ (≤ 3) values were associated with a significantly higher risk, but HBsAg-HQ levels >3 were not. Our results highlight that, after adjustment for potential confounding factors, patients with CHB-related LC and higher HBcrAg levels are at significant risk for HCC development, even while undergoing long-term effective anti-viral therapy. The HBcrAg level is therefore an independent risk factor for HCC development, especially for patients with HBsAg-HQ levels <3.
Long-Term Associations between Human Cytomegalovirus Antibody Levels with All-Cause Mortality and Cardiovascular Outcomes in an Australian Community-Based Cohort
Authors: Lee Silvia , van den Berg Nikki , Castley Alison , Divitini Mark , Knuiman Matthew , Price Patricia , Nolan David , Sanfilippo Frank , Dwivedi Girish
Published: November 2022

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection has been shown to increase the risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause death among individuals with clinically apparent cardiovascular disease (CVD). Whether this association exists in individuals with no history of CVD remains unclear. Serum levels of HCMV IgG antibody were measured using an ELISA in 2050 participants aged 40–80 years from the 1994/1995 Busselton Health Survey who did not have CVD at baseline. Outcomes were all-cause death, cardiovascular death, acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and major adverse coronary and cerebrovascular events (MACCE, composite of all-cause death, ACS, stroke and coronary artery revascularisation procedures). Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to investigate HCMV antibody levels as a predictor of death and cardiovascular outcomes during follow-up periods of 5, 10 and 20 years. At baseline, participants had a mean age of 56 years and 57% were female. During the 20-year follow-up, there were 448 (21.9%) deaths (including 152 from CVD), 139 (6.8%) participants had ACS and 575 (28.0%) had MACCE. In the fully adjusted model, levels of HCMV antibody at 20 years was associated with all-cause death (HR 1.04; 95% CI 1.00, 1.07, p = 0.037) but not with CVD death, ACS or MACCE. Levels of HCMV antibody are associated with all-cause death but not with cardiovascular outcomes in adults without pre-existing CVD.
Matrix-Encoding Gene Diversity of 624 Influenza A/H3N2 Genomes Does Not Show Association with Impaired Viral Detection by Commercialized qPCR Assays
Authors: Le Targa Lorlane , Hikmat Houmadi , Boschi Céline , La Scola Bernard , Colson Philippe
Published: November 2022

As for the case of SARS-CoV-2, genome sequencing of influenza viruses is of potential interest to raise and address virological issues. Recently, false-negativity of real-time reverse transcription-PCR (qPCR) assays that detect influenza A/H3N2 virus RNA were reported and associated with two mutations (A37T and C161T) in the Matrix-encoding (M1) gene located on viral segment 7. This triggered a national alert in France. The present study sought to assess the association between the presence of these mutations and potential false negative results of influenza A/H3N2 virus RNA detection by commercialized qPCR assays at the clinical virology laboratory of our university hospitals in southern France. This study focused on the genetic diversity in the M1 gene and segment 7 of 624 influenza A/H3N2 virus genomes obtained from respiratory samples having tested qPCR-positive with M1 gene-targeting assays in our clinical virology laboratory. A total of 585 among the 624 influenza A/H3N2 virus genomes (93.7%) were of clade 3C.2a1b.2a.2, and 39 (6.3%) were of clade 3C.2a1b.1a. M1 gene substitutions A37T and C161T were both present in 582 (93.3%) genomes, only of clade 3C.2a1b.2a.2. Substitution A37T was present in 621 (99.5%) genomes. Substitution C161T was present in 585 genomes (93.8%), all of clade 3C.2a1b.2a.2. Moreover, 21 other nucleotide positions were mutated in ≥90% of the genomes. The present study shows that A37T/C and C161T mutations, and other mutations in the M1 gene and segment 7, were widely present in influenza A/H3N2 virus genomes recovered from respiratory samples diagnosed qPCR-positive with commercialized assays.
Do Blood Phenotypes of Feline AB Blood Group System Affect the SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Serostatus in Cats?
Authors: Spada Eva , Bruno Federica , Castelli Germano , Vitale Fabrizio , Reale Stefano , Biondi Vito , Migliazzo Antonella , Perego Roberta , Baggiani Luciana , Proverbio Daniela
Published: November 2022

Cats are susceptible to coronavirus infections, including infection by human severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). In human ABO system blood groups, alloantibodies can play a direct role in resistance to infectious diseases. Individuals with the AB blood type were over-represented in the SARS-CoV-2 infection group. Blood type AB individuals lack both anti-A and anti-B antibodies, and therefore lack the protective effect against SARS-CoV-2 infection given by these antibodies. Starting from this knowledge, this pilot preliminary study evaluated a possible association between feline blood phenotypes A, B, and AB and serostatus for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in cats. We also investigated selected risk or protective factors associated with seropositivity for this coronavirus. A feline population of 215 cats was analysed for AB group system blood phenotypes and antibodies against the nucleocapsid (N-protein) SARS-CoV-2 antigen using a double antigen ELISA. SARS-CoV-2 seropositive samples were confirmed using a surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT). Origin (stray colony/shelter/owned cat), breed (DSH/non DSH), gender (male/female), reproductive status (neutered/intact), age class (kitten/young adult/mature adult/senior), retroviruses status (seropositive/seronegative), and blood phenotype (A, B, and AB) were evaluated as protective or risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity. Seropositivity for antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 N-protein was recorded in eight cats, but only four of these tested positive with sVNT. Of these four SARS-CoV-2 seropositive cats, three were blood phenotype A and one was phenotype AB. Young adult age (1–6 years), FeLV seropositivity and blood type AB were significantly associated with SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity according to a univariate analysis, but only blood type AB (p = 0.0344, OR = 15.4, 95%CI: 1.22–194.39) and FeLV seropositivity (p = 0.0444, OR = 13.2, 95%CI: 1.06–163.63) were significant associated risk factors according to a logistic regression. Blood phenotype AB might be associated with seropositivity for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. This could be due, as in people, to the protective effect of naturally occurring alloantibodies to blood type antigens which are lacking in type AB cats. The results of this pilot study should be considered very preliminary, and we suggest the need for further research to assess this potential relationship.
Molecular Epidemiology Reveals the Co-Circulation of Two Genotypes of Coxsackievirus B5 in China
Authors: He Yun , Wei Haiyan , Wei Leilei , Fan Huan , Yan Dongmei , Zhao Hua , Zhu Shuangli , Ji Tianjiao , Xiao Jinbo , Lu Huanhuan , Wang Wenhui , Guo Qin , Yang Qian , Xing Weijia , Zhang Yong
Published: November 2022

Coxsackievirus B5 (CVB5) is an important enterovirus B species (EV-Bs) type. We used the full-length genomic sequences of 53 viral sequences from the national hand, foot, and mouth disease surveillance network in the Chinese mainland (2001–2021). Among them, 69 entire VP1 coding region nucleotide sequences were used for CVB5 genotyping and genetic evolution analysis. Phylogenetic analysis based on a data set of 448 complete VP1 sequences showed that CVB5 could be divided into four genotypes (A-D) worldwide. Sequences from this study belonged to genotypes B and D, which dominated transmission in the Chinese mainland. Two transmission lineages of CVB5 have been discovered in the Chinese mainland, lineage 2 was predominant. Markov chain Monte Carlo analysis indicated that the tMRCA of CVB5 in the Chinese mainland could be traced to 1955, while the global trend could be traced to 1862, 93 years earlier than China. The evolution rate of CVB5 was higher in the Chinese mainland than worldwide. The spatiotemporal dynamics analysis of CVB5 assessed that virus transportation events were relatively active in Central, Northeast, North and Northwest China. Recombination analysis revealed frequent intertypic recombination in the non-structural region of CVB5 genotypes B and D with the other EV-Bs, revealing eight recombination lineages. Our study showed the molecular evolution and phylogeography of CVB5 that could provide valuable information for disease prevention.
Engagement of the G3BP2-TRIM25 Interaction by Nucleocapsid Protein Suppresses the Type I Interferon Response in SARS-CoV-2-Infected Cells
Authors: Yang Zening , Li Jing , Li Jiali , Zheng Huiwen , Li Heng , Lai Qingrun , Chen Yanli , Qin Li , Zuo Yuanyuan , Guo Lei , Shi Haijing , Liu Longding
Published: November 2022

The nucleocapsid (N) protein contributes to key steps of the SARS-CoV-2 life cycle, including packaging of the virus genome and modulating interactions with cytoplasmic components. Expanding knowledge of the N protein acting on cellular proteins and interfering with innate immunity is critical for studying the host antiviral strategy. In the study on SARS-CoV-2 infecting human bronchial epithelial cell line s1(16HBE), we identified that the N protein can promote the interaction between GTPase-activating protein SH3 domain–binding protein 2 (G3BP2) and tripartite motif containing 25 (TRIM25), which is involved in formation of the TRIM25-G3BP2-N protein interactome. Our findings suggest that the N protein is enrolled in the inhibition of type I interferon production in the process of infection. Meanwhile, upgraded binding of G3BP2 and TRIM25 interferes with the RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway, which may contribute to SARS-CoV-2 escaping from cellular innate immune surveillance. The N protein plays a critical role in SARS-CoV-2 replication. Our study suggests that the N protein and its interacting cellular components has potential for use in antiviral therapy, and adding N protein into the vaccine as an antigen may be a good strategy to improve the effectiveness and safety of the vaccine. Its interference with innate immunity should be strongly considered as a target for SARS-CoV-2 infection control and vaccine design.
Fatal Acute Hemorrhagic Encephalomyelitis and Antiphospholipid Antibodies following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: A Case Report
Authors: Kits Annika , Pantalone Mattia Russel , Illies Christopher , Antovic Aleksandra , Landtblom Anne-Marie , Iacobaeus Ellen
Published: November 2022

Acute hemorrhagic encephalomyelitis (AHEM) is a rare hyperacute form of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). The disease is characterized by fulminant inflammation and demyelination in the brain and spinal cord and is often preceded by an infection or vaccination. This case report presents a 53-year-old male with rheumatoid arthritis and ongoing treatment with methotrexate and etanercept who developed fatal AHEM following the second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. The disease course was complicated by multiorgan thromboembolic disease and the presence of high/moderate levels of cardiolipin IgG antibodies and anti-beta-2 glycoprotein 1 IgG antibodies suggesting a possible antiphospholipid syndrome. Treatment with immunosuppressive therapies failed to improve the course. The report comprises comprehensive clinical, neuroimaging, and neuropathological findings. The case highlights diagnostic challenges in a patient with several preceding risk factors, including autoimmune disease, immunotherapy, and vaccination, with possible pathophysiological implications. The temporal association with the COVID-19 vaccination may suggest possible causality although evidence cannot be ascertained. Reporting possible adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination is important to identify at-risk populations and to accomplish control of the current pandemic.
Detection of Colistin Sulfate on Piglet Gastrointestinal Tract Microbiome Alterations
Authors: Fu Shulin , Yuan Yuzhen , Tian Xinyue , Zhou Linglu , Guo Ling , Zhang Dan , He Jing , Peng Chun , Qiu Yinsheng , Ye Chun , Liu Yu , Zong Bingbing
Published: November 2022

The gut microbiome exerts important functions on host health maintenance, whereas excessive antibiotic use may cause gut flora dysfunction resulting in serious disease and dysbiosis. Colistin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic with serious resistance phenomena. However, it is unclear whether colistin alters the gastrointestinal tract microbiome in piglets. In this study, 16s rDNA-based metagenome analyses were used to assess the effects of colistin on the modification of the piglet microbiome in the stomach, duodenum, jejunum, cecum, and feces. Both α- and β-diversity indices showed that colistin modified microbiome composition in these gastrointestinal areas. In addition, colistin influenced microbiome composition at the phylum and genus levels. At the species level, colistin upregulated Mycoplasma hyorhinis, Chlamydia trachomatis, Lactobacillus agilis, Weissella paramesenteroides, and Lactobacillus salivarius abundance, but downregulated Actinobacillus indolicus, Campylobacter fetus, Glaesserella parasuis, Moraxella pluranimalium, Veillonella caviae, Neisseria dentiae, and Prevotella disiens abundance in stomachs. Colistin-fed piglets showed an increased abundance of Lactobacillus mucosae, Megasphaera elsdenii DSM 20460, Fibrobacter intestinalis, and Unidentified rumen bacterium 12-7, but Megamonas funiformis, Uncultured Enterobacteriaceae bacterium, Actinobacillus porcinus, Uncultured Bacteroidales bacterium, and Uncultured Clostridiaceae bacterium abundance was decreased in the cecum. In feces, colistin promoted Mucispirillum schaedleri, Treponema berlinense, Veillonella magna, Veillonella caviae, and Actinobacillus porcinus abundance when compared with controls. Taken together, colistin modified the microbiome composition of gastrointestinal areas in piglets. This study provides new clinical rationalization strategies for colistin on the maintenance of animal gut balance and human public health.
Evaluation of Peroxyacetic Acid and Chlorine as Treatments for Surface Water for Post-Harvest Uses in the Produce Industry
Authors: Irakoze Zilfa , Nwadike Londa , Stoeckel Don , Bhullar Manreet , Byers Patrick , Gragg Sara E.
Published: November 2022

Nearly half of foodborne illnesses are linked to produce and nuts, and water used for produce post-harvest activities can contribute to contamination. Surface water serves as an economical source for agricultural activities; however, exposure to the environment increases microbial risks and impacts its physicochemical characteristics. In this study, peroxyacetic acid (PAA) and chlorine (Cl) were evaluated as treatments for simulated surface water to determine their efficacy at achieving ‘no detectable generic Escherichia coli’ in 100 mL. Simulated surface water was prepared to turbidities of 2 and 100 NTU, adjusted to pH 6.5 or 8.4, equilibrated to 32 or 12 °C, inoculated with 5 logs per mL of non-pathogenic (generic) E. coli, and treated with Cl 25 ± 2 ppm, PAA 75 ± 5 ppm, or sterile water control (W). Dey-Engley neutralization was followed by enumeration on E. coli/Coliform Petrifilm at times (t) 0 to 2880 min (48 h) post-treatment. When not detected, treatments were further evaluated through enrichment in 2X Brain Heart Infusion (BHI) broth. Enrichments were streaked on MacConkey agar (MAC) to confirm E. coli absence. All Cl and PAA treated samples were below the test limit of detection (<5 CFU/mL), and E. coli was not detected in 5 mL enrichments even at t = 0 (shortly after treatment). These data suggest that Cl and PAA interventions may be effective for treating surface water for post-harvest uses.
Advances in the Study of Heavy Metal Adsorption from Water and Soil by Modified Biochar
Authors: Wang Yizhuo , Li He , Lin Shaohua
Published: November 2022

Heavy metal contamination in water and soil has gradually become a concern with the development of industry in recent years and may pose a serious threat to human health if left untreated. Biochar is commonly used as an adsorbent/immobilizer of heavy metals from water and substrates because of its wide—ranging raw materials, low production cost, and good adsorption performance. Based on the adsorption mechanism of biochar, this paper analyzes different modification methods of biochar, aiming to provide an effective material for the treatment of heavy metals from water and sediment and provide a certain reference for its application to practical projects.
Protection of Water Distribution Networks against Cyber and Physical Threats: The STOP-IT Approach Demonstrated in a Case Study
Authors: Bosco Camillo , Raspati Gema Sakti , Tefera Kebebe , Rishovd Harald , Ugarelli Rita
Published: November 2022

Water critical infrastructures are undergoing a process of digital transformation that entails an increasing integration between the physical and cyber layers of the system. This integration brings efficiency and monitoring advantages, but it also exposes water systems to a new threat surface that includes cyberattacks. Formed in 2017, STOP-IT is Europe’s first project dedicated to developing cyber-physical security solutions tailored to the water sector. During the 4 years of collaboration, the STOP-IT team has codeveloped an extensive list of technologies that integrates cyber and physical layers of infrastructure, allowing water utilities to prevent, detect, assess, and treat risks, as well as simulate scenarios of attacks and explore how to react to increase preparedness. This article first introduces the overall aim and main outcomes of the STOP-IT project and then focuses on the risk management integrated framework composed of modeling solutions developed to help water utilities identify vulnerabilities and protect critical parts of their systems. The solutions are presented along with the results from the demonstration activities performed by a selected water utility concerning three risk scenarios that were assessed through the mentioned integrated framework.
Prediction Model of Hydropower Generation and Its Economic Benefits Based on EEMD-ADAM-GRU Fusion Model
Authors: Wang Jiechen , Gao Zhimei , Ma Yan
Published: November 2022

As an important function of hydraulic engineering, power generation has made a great contribution to the growth of national economies worldwide. Therefore, it is of practical engineering significance to analyze and predict hydropower generation and its economic benefits. In order to predict the amount of hydropower generation in China and calculate the corresponding economic benefits with high precision, Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD), Adaptive Moment Estimation (ADAM) and Gated Recent Unit (GRU) neural networks are integrated. Firstly, the monitoring data of hydropower generation is decomposed into several signals of different scales by the EEMD method to eliminate the non-stationary components of the data. Then, the ADAM optimization algorithm is used to optimize the parameters of the GRU neural network. The relatively stable component signals obtained from the decomposition are sent to the optimized GRU model for training and predicting. Finally, the hydropower generation prediction results are obtained by accumulating the prediction results of all components. This paper selects the time series of China’s monthly power generation as the analysis object and forecasts the economic benefits by constructing the fusion prediction model. The RMSE EEMD-ADAM-GRU model is reduced by 16.16%, 20.55%, 12.10%, 17.97% and 7.95%, respectively, of compared with the NARNET, EEMD-LSTM, AR, ARIMA and VAR models. The results show that the proposed model is more effective for forecasting the time series of hydropower generation and that it can estimate the economic benefits quantitatively.
Top-Down Validation Framework for Efficient and Low Noise Electric-Driven Vehicles with Multi-Speed Gearbox
Authors: Jäger Steffen , Schätzle Jonas , Linde Tilmann
Published: November 2022

The shift towards e-mobility is resulting in new technological challenges. Thus, new, more efficient product development methods and a better product understanding are required. During product development, validation is essential both to achieve significantly increased knowledge of the system in question and to ensure that customers’ expectations of characteristics are met. Based on existing top-down validation approaches, this article discusses an innovative both-ends-against-the-middle-approach (BEATM) developed by the author. A validation framework which combines physical and virtual elements is presented. By way of example, a development approach for the toothing validation layer of an electric vehicle powertrain with a multi-speed gearbox is introduced.
Strategi Peningkatan Kinerja Rumah Tahanan Negara Kelas IIB Kefamenanu Kantor Wilayah Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia Nusa Tenggara Timur Dalam Mendapatkan Predikat Wilayah Bebas Korupsi Dan Wilayah Birokrasi Bersih Dan Melayani
Authors: Klau Ferdinandus , Kase Petrus , Daulay Pardamean
Published: November 2022

The Corruption-Free Region (WBK) and the Clean and Serving Bureaucratic Area (WBBM) are predicates from the government given to work units that are completely free from practices of corruption, collusion and nepotism, as well as to clean and healthy work units honest in serving the community. The purpose of this study was to describe and analyze what were the inhibiting factors of the Class IIB Kefamenanu Rutan as a UPT that had not yet received the WBK/WBBM predicate and to describe and analyze the strategy in obtaining the WBK/WBBM predicate in the Class IIB Kefamenanu Rutan using the SOAR approach. This type of research uses descriptive qualitative research methods, where this method can produce research in the form of ten inhibiting factors for Class IIB Rutan not getting the title as WBK/WBBM, namely supporting facilities and infrastructure, job analysis and workload analysis, internalization of WBK and WBBM on employees, employee comfort zones, WBK/WBBM budgets, notification of reasons for failure, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, solidity and cohesiveness of the employee work team, apathetic work culture, and leadership changes in the current year. There are four recommended strategies, namely the need to increase internal rotation and mutation, measurable rewards and punishments, the formation of an imitation study team, and the need to involve subordinates in every collaboration between organizations.
Implementasi Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 30 Tahun 2019 Tentang Penilaian Kinerja PNS di Sekretariat Daerah, Subulussalam
Authors: Rajab Abdul , Kusmanto Heri , Adam Adam
Published: November 2022

This study aims to determine and analyze the implementation of the Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 30 of 2019 concerning the Performance Assessment of Civil Servants and the obstacles in the Regional Secretariat of Subulussalam City Government. This study uses a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. This research is described descriptively with a juridical approach to public administration. The data collection techniques in this study are Primary Data Collection, through interviews (interviews), observations and documentation and Secondary Data Collection, with literature study. The data analysis technique consists of three streams of activities that occur simultaneously, namely: data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing/verification. The results showed that the implementation of PP no. 30 of 2019 concerning the Performance Assessment of Civil Servants has not been fully implemented yet. Implementation has been successfully implemented in terms of communication and bureaucratic structure, but has not been successful in terms of resources and disposition. The obstacles faced are the appraiser (superior) is not able to control the view of the proximity element in assessing the work of subordinates, employees often make excessive reports, and the provision of disciplinary sanctions is still relatively indecisive.
Pobreza multidimensional e parentalidade em famílias residentes em Belém-PA
Authors: Dos Santos Thamyris Maués , Matos Larissa , Ramos Edson Marcos Leal Soares , Pontes Fernando Augusto Ramos , Silva Simone Souza Costa
Published: November 2022

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar a relação entre a pobreza multidimensional e parentalidade em famílias de Belém, estado do Pará. Entrevistou-se 448 responsáveis de famílias pobres residentes de Belém (PA), com o Inventário de Pobreza Familiar e o Inventário de Estilos Parentais. Cerca de 80% dos participantes concentraram-se nos níveis de pobreza entre 20% e 40%, com média abaixo da nacional. As dimensões Vulnerabilidade, Conhecimento, Desenvolvimento e IPF Total apresentaram relações com a parentalidade encontrada nas famílias. Os dados apontaram que quanto maior a condição de pobreza da família, maior a tendência que ela exerça uma parentalidade de risco.
Dimensões da escuta na formação de pesquisadores: observações a partir da ecologia da atenção
Authors: Bremenkamp Cruz Cristiane , Kastrup Virgínia
Published: November 2022

A partir da abordagem ecológica da atenção de Citton (2017), este artigo apresenta diferentes qualidades da escuta, que se dispõem em camadas entrelaçadas. Com base nas ideias de Barthes, Freud e Nancy acerca da escuta, o estudo identifica nela três dimensões, que funcionam de modo simultâneo e circular na composição de uma ecologia atencional – escuta focalizada, escuta que ressoa e escuta pelas costas. Em articulação com o conceito de ritornelo de Deleuze e Guattari (1997), é possível entender como essas dimensões da escuta atuam na criação de um território de pesquisa e concorrem para uma formação inventiva do pesquisador.
La vie des habitants de Cheung Kok sous le régime khmer rouge
Authors: Prigent Steven
Published: November 2022

Based on long-term fieldwork, this paper describes the living conditions of people of Cheung Kok village in Kompong Cham province in Cambodia between 1973 and 1978. This study goes beyond the village only to mention the names of specific leaders of the commune and the district, and presents itself as an ethnographic contri bution to the study of the Khmer rouge regime. Specifically, the author considers a population of farmers who did not leave their homeland during and after the era of Democratic Kampuchea. The focus is a village which didn’t host any ‘ new people’, urban people who could not flee the country and were forced to live in rural areas by the Khmer rouge, and who, in contrast to the ‘ old people’ experienced an explicit ideological discrimination by the regime.
La fin des capitaines
Authors: Bernand C.
Published: November 2022

À partir de quelques exemples de la vie quotidienne des chiriguanos d'une exploitation de canne à sucre du NW argentin, l'A. pose le problème de l'aculturation qui se traduit par la destruction de l'identité ethnique et culturelle des populations indigènes ; que signifie être indien dans une plantation argentine, comment ces Chiriguanos se voient-ils eux-mêmes et comment voient-ils les autres groupes avec lesquels ils cohabitent ? Quels critères choisissent-ils pour différencier les catégories ethniques et sociales-vêtement, autorités ? Quel rôle joue l'argent dans la notion du temps ? Quels sont, enfin, les mythes nouveaux qui correspondent à la vie de la plantation.
Consideraciones sobre el clima, la flora y la fauna cenozoicas y sobre la presencia del hombre temprano en las montañas del Noroeste Argentino y borde occidental del Chaco (Resumen)
Authors: Fernandez Jorge
Published: November 2022

El autor ofrece un resumen de sus investigaciones sobre los orígenes de las actuales características del clima y de la biota en la región altiplánica y en el borde occidental del Chaco. Para ello ha utilizado controles paleontológicos y sedimentológicos. Es evidente que las condiciones de franca aridez actual se han originado en remotas épocas geológicas. Con el levantamiento de los Andes, sin embargo, se formaron frentes de captación de humedad que alcanzaron a mejorar algunas condiciones. La especiación florística y faunística no es más antigua que el Plioceno, y tuvo su mayor desarrollo durante el Pleistoceno. La estepa de gramíneas de la Puna se formó en ese momento, al igual que el bosque de montaña con Larix, Phoebe y Cedrella. Pero ha sido la especiación rápida y abrupta del Neopleistoceno la que impidió el contacto del hombre temprano con fauna fósil, aunque la llegada de éste pudo haberse producido ya hace más de 10.000 años.
La conquête des Motilones du Huallaga Central aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles
Authors: Scazzocchio Françoise
Published: November 2022

Résumé

L’effet primordial de la conquête de la Montaña péruvienne du Nord-Ouest a été la diminution considérable de la population indigène, qui selon les rapports jésuites fut réduite en 1762 à un cinquième de ce qu’elle était en 1650, à la suite d’épidémies et d’expéditions punitives.

Le schéma de l'avance espagnole fut le démembrement d’un grand nombre de petites “nations” isolées pour les rassembler en “reducciones”, villages ou petites villes où les indiens étaient soumis à des autorités politiques et religieuses dans le cadre de la société et de l'économie coloniales. Dans la région du Huallaga Central plusieurs groupes selvicoles distincts appelés génériquement Motilones furent rattachés au fort de Lamas au XVIIe et confondus dans un moule culturel colonial de caractère andin. En deux siècles (XVIIe et XVIIIe) se constitua une minorité quechuaphone aux traits particuliers, à laquelle est généralement attribuée au Pérou une origine légendaire Chanca.

L’objet de cet article est de présenter brièvement les principales sources qui retracent la formation historique de la minorité Lamista quechua. Cette formation, qui est comparable à celle d’autres minorités quechua de la forêt en Équateur et au nord du Pérou, exemplifie un modèle de domination qui fut projeté sur toute la Montaña pendant l’époque coloniale mais ne fut véritablement consolidé que sur les confins andins.
Qoyllur Rit’i, an inca fiesta of the Pleiades: reflections on time & space in the Andean World
Authors: Randall Robert
Published: November 2022

Resumen

La fiesta de Qoyllur Rit’i, que se presenta todos los años para el tiempo de Corpus Cristi en un valle aislado cerca del Cusco, es todavía dominada por creencias indígenas. En este trabajo se intenta demostrar que la fiesta es de origen precolombino y que originalmente se celebraba el tránsito de un año al próximo, del mundo pasado al presente. Este concepto de tránsito es luego examinado en el contexto de las ideas del espacio y del tiempo, tanto de los incas como de la actualidad andina.
Approche comparative des mécanismes d’évolution et de consolidation des quartiers populaires à Quito et à Guayaquil
Authors: Godard Henri R.
Published: November 2022

Resumen

El objetivo de este artículo es comparar la evolución y la consolidación de los barrios populares de las dos ciudaues principales del Ecuador y tratar de obtener conclusiones procedentes.

El estudio comparativo se desarrolla a dos niveles. De un lado, analizaremos los mecanismos de consolidación, tanto en la ciudad capital como en el puerto principal; insistiremos en los puntos semejantes y las diferencias que pueden explicar estos procesos.

De otro lado, compararemos las zonas de estudio, agrupadas de acuerdo a su período de formación; así será posible afinar las conclusiones anteriormente expuestas y destacar elementos que permitan “cuantificar” el grado de evolución y acercarse a la noción de “velocidad” de consolidación en cada caso.
Aproximación psico-antropológica a los mitos andinos
Authors: Hernández Max , Lemlij Moisés , Millones Luis , Péndola Alberto , Rostworowski Maria
Published: November 2022

Résumé

Cette étude utilise une nouvelle stratégie d’analyse des mythes andins. Il s’agit d’en faire l’approche à partir d’un dialogue interdisciplinaire qui permette de relire les textes en tant que document historique et version orale, indépendamment de la véracité des renseignements qui sont rapportés. Ont été sélectionnés pour cet essai les récits de l’origine du Tawantinsuyu (les frères Ayar), de l’expansion de l’Etat (la guerre des Chankas), et d’une interprétation indigène de la Conquête (le Taki Onqoy). Les deux premiers constituent, à notre avis, une sorte de saga inca qui décrit les Incas à travers leur version officielle, le troisième étant l’idéologie messianique d’un mouvement surgi trente ans après la capture d’Atahualpa.

Le résultat de cette première recherche résume le travail de nombreuses sessions et prétend ouvrir la discussion sur le problème de la reconstruction des faits et des conduites et sur la méthodologie utilisée.
Mujer indígena, trabajo doméstico y cambio social en el virreinato peruano del siglo XVII: la ciudad de La Paz y el Sur andino en 1684
Authors: Glave Luis Miguel
Published: November 2022

Abstract

Analysis of an exceptional padrón of the people subjected to domestic service in La Paz in 1684, reveals a process by which the Repúblicas of indians and Spaniards, in their changing relationship of dominance and subordination, sexualy selected the population destined to the most menial service of urban life. A relationship is discovered between the femenine life cycle and the system of domestic service which grew up in Andean society. A study of the relationship of the two elements, gender and ethnicity, will permit a new understanding of colonial society. Finally this study will establish what possible effects the biological and social reproduction revealed in this structure of relationships had for social and cultural change within the subjected population in colonial society.
Évolution tectono-sédimentaire du bassin de Talara (nord-ouest du Pérou)
Authors: Séranne Michel
Published: November 2022

Résumé

Le bassin pétrolier de Talara, dans le nord-ouest du Pérou, est rempli par des séries terrigènes fluvio-deltaïques du Campanien à l’Eocène Supérieur. Cinq cycles de sédimentation (A, B, C, D, E) sont définis par des séquences grano-décroissantes d’approfondissement du bassin, à l’exception du cycle B qui résulte de la progradation du système fluviatile. L’activité tectonique distensive qui domine l’évolution du bassin et contrôle la nature et la répartition des sédiments est interrompue, pendant l’Eocène Moyen, lorsque des chevauchements vers le sud-est se mettent en place dans la série tertiaire décollée du socle. Au front des chevauchements actifs, se forment des olistolithes ainsi que des brèches syntectoniques. L’analyse de la déformation en avant des failles inverses montre que les chevauchements se faisaient vers le sud-est et qu’ils affectaient des sédiments peu lithifiés.
Acceso a la vivienda para la segunda generación de las barriadas de Lima
Authors: Driant Jean-Claude , Grey Carlos
Published: November 2022

Abstract

In the old barriadas of the northern and southern zones of Lima (conos norte y sur) there has appeared a new demand for housing caused by the fact that the children of the original settlers have reached adulthood and are forming new families. Starting with the demographic and socio-economic description of these new families, this article seeks to identify their residential paths by analysing their present situation (dependance on their parents, still living at home, as tenants or in their own homes) and by evaluating the options they have for solving housing problem in the context of the Lima market —these include private sales, state housing programs, remaining in the old barriada or participation in new land invasions.
Un centro ceremonial Formativo en el Alto Piura
Authors: Guffroy Jean
Published: November 2022

Research carried out since 1986 on the archaeological site of Cerro Ñañañique (Chulucanas, department of Piura) has allowed the identification and description of a ceremonial complex, built and occupied between the Xth and the Vth centuries B.C. Several phases of edification and widening of the complex have been recognized according to a general U shape plan. Several ceramic traditions of various styles and origins can be found contemporarily on the site, and their temporal evolution can be identified and followed from these points of view: forms, decorative techniques and iconography which is abundant and diverse.

The data, new for this study area, and the comparative analysis of material remains demonstrate the existence of relations with nearby zones and, particularly, the integration of Alto Piura in Southern ideological and religious systems. The establishment of the site might be related to its geographic location, at the crossing of an exchange route between coastal, Andean and Amazonian populations, and a North-South route permiting links between the coast of Northern Peru and the Ecuadorian coast and Andes. Its occupation seems to give evidence of an original situation —characterized by testimonies of various cultural traditions— which would maintain and singularize this sector of Alto Piura during later periods.
La frontera oriental de Humahuaca y sus relaciones con el Chaco
Authors: Sánchez Sandra , Sica Gabriela
Published: November 2022

Eastern frontier and ethnic relations: Humahuaca and Chaco, (1595-1650)

Abstract

This article presents the results of an etnohistorical research on ethnic relations between the native groups of the Quebrada of Humahuaca and those of the Chaco, in the center-south of Andean Region. In this area of ecological and cultural transition, those groups developed various kinds of ethnic relations, modified through different historical periods: pre-inca, the inca rule, and the Spanish conquest.

Besides these relations, the peoples of the Quebrada of Humahuaca had direct access to the eastern slope lands to complement their own agrarian resources.
"Sebo bueno, indio muerto": la estructura de una creencia andina
Authors: Fioravanti-Molinié Antoinette
Published: November 2022

"Sebo bueno, indio muerto" : la structure d'une croyance andine.

L'auteur analyse le sens de la croyance du pishtaco à travers sa place structurelle dans la culture andine et son histoire. Par ses caractéristiques la figure mythique du preneur de graisse andin ne peut correspondre à une divinité. La fonction symbolique de la graisse dans les cultures andines préhispanique et actuelle lui donne un premier sens indigène. Les vertus pratiques de la graisse humaine dans la médecine européenne du XVIIè siècle, ainsi que les données d'ethnographie espagnole, lui donnent sa signification dans l'histoire coloniale. Enfin sa dimension sacrificielle éclaire l'articulation de ces deux sens en montrant la structure de la croyance.