bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reading Comprehension Problems on English Texts Faced By High School Students in Medan
Authors: Ganie Rohani , . Deliana , Rangkuti Rahmadsyah
Published: August 2019

In the English teaching and learning process, there are four skills that are identified as
very important; listening, speaking, reading and writing. The Indonesian government
places English as a compulsory subject for junior and senior high school. But in practice,
teaching English is not too maximal. Reading skills in this case reading English texts is
very important because by reading it is open the opportunity to absorb other existing
knowledge. Reading comprehension is an advanced level of reading skills. Senior high
school students are expected to have mastered the comprehension skills of reading
English texts at an advanced level. This is because most likely at the level of lectures
these students are required to read English reference books. Therefore, research
that reveals the problems that exist in the teaching and learning process of Reading
Comprehension English texts needs to be done. Data sources were the articles about
teaching English, focusing in the problem of reading comprehension. Data were words
and sentences from the articles. The analysis technique used was thematic analysis.
Based on the research, problem face by student in reading comprehension of English
text was majoring in three theme; 1. Problems from the student self, 2. Problems from
the teacher, and 3.External problems. Problems from the student self consist of three
part; student basic English ability, less attraction on the subject and not motivated.
Problems from the teacher were not using any method while teaching and used
inappropriate method. External problems were material and environment.
A Contrastive Analysis of Indonesian and Arabic Phonetics
Authors: Nasution Sahkholid , Fithriani Rahmah , Syahnan Mhd. , Harahap Isnanini , . Syafaruddin , Qarni Waizul
Published: August 2019

There are some factors causing some challenges for non-Arabs speakers in learning
Arabic, which include non-linguistic and linguistic ones. These factors also influence
Indonesian students learning Arabic as a foreign language. In general, Indonesian
students find difficulties in learning Arabic due to a number of differences between
Indonesian as their first language (L1) with Arabic as the target language (L2) at almost
all aspects of linguistics. The process of learning L2 which does not show its linguistic
equations in their L1 has led the assumption among Arabic students in Indonesia
that the language is difficult to learn. Therefore, this study aims to: (1) describe the
similarities between Indonesian and Arabic phonetics; (2) describe the differences
between Indonesian and Arabic phonetic; and (3) offer a formulation of Arabic learning
pattern for speakers of Indonesian learning Arabic to help them learn the language
easier. This research applied a comparative descriptive qualitative approach. The
result of data analysis shows three findings; (1) There are 16 (sixteen) similar sounds of
Indonesian and Arabic phonemes; (2) There are 7 (seven) Indonesian phonemes that
do not exist in Arabic; and (3) There are 13 (thirteen) Arabic phonemes that do not exist
in Indonesian. Based on these findings, it is suggested that the teaching of Arabic
language should prioritize the similar sounds in Indonesian and Arabic.
Projection Analysis of Business Text in The Jakarta Post
Authors: Hajar Siti , Sinar T. Silvana
Published: August 2019

This research aimed to find out kinds of projection relation and to explain how the
most dominant projection relation is used in business texts in The Jakarta Post. This
research was conducted by using the descriptive method with a qualitative approach.
The data were taken from clause complexes in some business text articles such as “RI
Asks India to Cut Palm Oil Tariffs” (Text A), “Dumai refinery to cut costs by 25%” (Text
B) and “NTT exports octopus to China” (Text C). As a result, both projected locution
and projected idea were obtained. In terms of projection relation analysis, it is found
that two kinds of projection relation were used in Text A, Text B, and Text C. The kinds
that were not found in the three articles of business texts in The Jakarta Post were
hypotactic idea and paratactic idea. The kind of projection relation which dominantly
occurred in the three articles of business texts in the paper of The Jakarta Post was
hypotactic locution with the frequency reaching to 61,54% while the frequency of
paratactic locution was only 38,46 %.
Tonggo and Martonggotonggo in the Traditional Ceremony of the Toba Batak Community
Authors: Octavianna Yessy , Sibarani Robert , Situmorang Hamzon , Hasibuan Nam Syahot
Published: August 2019

Every ritual in Toba Batak community uses language as a basic tool in its implementation.
The verbal forms used in rituals are usually in the form of incantations (tabas) and
prayers (tonggo); tabas is spoken by a shaman while tonggo is spoken by partonggo
(the leader of a prayer). Tonggo is spoken with the rhythm of the language according
to bound speech; its contents are only in the form of requests, praise, confession,
and submission to spirits and it is carried out by serving large and small offerings.
The martonggo tradition consists of prayers in each religious event, customs and
other events, which can provide comfort and kindness in an event or party. The
purpose of this paper is to describe (1) the meanings of tonggotonggo in the traditional
ceremony of the Toba Batak community and (2) the functions of the martonggo-tonggo
tradition in the traditional ceremony of the Toba Batak community. This paper uses an
anthropolinguistic approach with the analytic parameters of interconnection, valuability,
and sustainability. A qualitative paradigm of ethnography is also used in this study
by applying twelve steps in observation and interview methods. The function of
the tradition of martonggotonggo for the owner’s community is as the educational
tool, as the projection system and as the means of validating culture. The incantation
of Tonggotonggo means that humans expect to be able to obtain prosperity in their lives.
Onomatopeia in Raditya Dika’s Novel “Manusia Setengah Salmon”
Authors: Adelina Yunita Sari , Suhadi Jumino
Published: August 2019

This study aimed to describe and explain the types of onomatopoeia found in Raditya
Dika’s novel Manusia Setengah Salmon. Onomatopoeia refers to a word whose
phonetic structure mimics a natural sound to represent the sound or action of the
object that produces it. Onomatopoeia behaves differently in comparison to other
processes of word formation. Its meaning lies outside the language itself due to its
nature which is adopted from the natural sound. The data analysis technique was
used in this research with descriptive qualitative analysis. The descriptive research
attempted to describe and explain the data according to the theory proposed by
Thomas (2004) who divides onomatopoeia into four groups based on the source of the
sound: calls of animals, sounds of nature, sounds made by human, and sounds of other
objects. Based on the result, the four types of onomatopoeia were found in the novel
under research: human onomatopoeia, animal onomatopoeia, object onomatopoeia,
and daily life onomatopoeia. From the word class, onomatopoeic words used in the
novel consists of adverb, adjective, noun, and verb.
Views of Instructors Towards Students Learning English Public Speaking at a Malaysian University
Authors: Hidayah b. Abdullah Ahmad Taufik , B. Latiff Azmi Mohd Nazri
Published: August 2019

Public speaking was one of the most feared situations faced by many people, including
public speaking in the English language. Speaking English in front of the public was
really a daunting task for many people, including students of universities. This study
addressed issues related to English public speaking at the university from the views of
instructors who taught the English public speaking course. Some topics discussed were
the common weaknesses of university students in delivering English public speaking,
the causes of the weaknesses and some recommendations for students to improve
their English public speaking. This was a qualitative research design where eleven
instructors teaching English public speaking were interviewed and the gathered data
were analyzed using thematic analysis and presented using Atlas. ti version 7. One of
the theories employed in the study was the Uncertainty Reduction Theory that made
their anxiety level increase. The study revealed that some common weaknesses of
students were lack of confidence, limited vocabulary and grammar. Some contributing
causes of the weaknesses were lack of reading, lack of ideas, and lack of self-esteem.
Some recommendations were then forwarded to solve the problems such as giving
the motivation to the students to speak, read and think in the English language and
make a lot of practices.
Challenges for principled induction and mentoring of new teachers: Lessons from New Zealand and Wales
Authors: Langdon Frances , Daly Caroline , Milton Emmajane , Jones Ken , Palmer Melanie
Published: August 2019

Findings from the Langdon Induction and Mentoring Survey conducted in schools employing newly qualified teachers (NQTs) in New Zealand and Wales suggest that schools should not be left to determine how they 'do' induction within national policy frameworks. The survey explored responses
from key stakeholders who constitute the experiences of new teachers: head teachers, mentors, members of teaching staff and the NQTs themselves. Results suggest that conditions in schools, particularly the effects of leadership, are prime factors influencing the realization of national policy
aimed at supporting NQTs. Questions are raised about how principled induction and mentoring can be achieved at scale in the context of variable, powerful school cultures. A disconnection from induction and mentoring by the majority of school staff, including leaders, is identified as a serious
obstacle to be addressed.
The Effect of Tomato Juice in Increasing Ki-67 Expression and Epithelial Thickness on The Vaginal Wall of Menopausal Rats
Authors: Saimin Juminten , Hendarto Hendy , Soetjipto Soetjipto
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND: Dyspareunia and pain due to the decrease of vaginal wall thickness usually happen in menopausal women. The reduction of estrogen levels cause the decreasing of cell proliferation and the thinning of vaginal wall epithelium. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a source of phytoestrogens, which produce estrogenic effects. This study aims to assess the effect of tomato juice on Ki-67 expression and epithelial thickness of the vaginal wall in menopausal rats.METHODS: This was an experimental study using Sprague-Dawley rats. Twenty-four female rats, aged 4 months and weighing 150-200 grams, were divided into 4 groups. Each group consisted of 6 rats. Negative control (NC) group was group of rats with sham procedure and performed by distilled water for 28 days. Positive control (PC) group was group of bilateral ovariectomized rats and performed by distilled water for 28 days. The first treatment (T1) group was group of bilateral ovariectomized rats, given tomato juice at dose of 11g/200g body weight (BW)/day. The second treatment (T2) group was group of bilateral ovariectomized rats, given tomato juice at dose of 15g/200g BW/day. Data analysis was done with Anova, multiple comparisons and regression test.RESULTS: The group with lowest Ki-67 expression was PC group (2.52±0.60). The expression of Ki-67 in treatment groups (T1 and T2) was higher than PC group, but lower than NC group. There was no significant difference between groups (p=0.771). The lowest epithelial thickness was found in PC group (21.19±3.96) and the highest was found in the treatment groups (38.73±12.43). There was positive correlation between tomato juice and epithelial thickness (p=0.647).CONCLUSION: Tomato juice increases Ki-67 expression and epithelial thickness on the vaginal wall of menopausal rats. The increase of epithelial thickness follows the administration dose, but Ki-67 expression does not exceed in the control rats. Tomato juice increases the cell proliferation of vaginal wall on menopausal rats, however the increase is still within normal limits.KEYWORDS: epithelial thickness, Ki-67, menopause, tomato juice
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome: Cell-free Therapeutic Strategy in Regenerative Medicine
Authors: Meiliana Anna , Dewi Nurrani Mustika , Wijaya Andi
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem (stromal) cells (MSCs) have a multipotent character, able to differentiate into several cell types, thus MSC serve as a cell reservoir for regenerative medicine. MSC therapeutic potency more associated to their immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties rather than the multipotency, by its mechanism to secrete soluble factors with paracrine actions.CONTENT: MSC paracrine function was known to mediated partly by extracellular vesicles (EVs), which were released predominantly from the endosomal compartment contained in MSC secretome. EV contain a cargo bring micro RNA (miRNA), messenger RNA (mRNA), and proteins from their cells of origin, propose EV as a novel alternative to whole cell therapies, regarding the benefit of EV in safety and easier storage compared to the parent cells.SUMMARY: The discovery of EVs including exosomes in MSC secretome as key of stem cells beneficial function lead to the future hope of using cell-free regenerative therapies.KEYWORDS: MSC, secretome, conditioned media, extracellular vesicle, exosome
Artificial Intelligent in Healthcare
Authors: Meiliana Anna , Dewi Nurrani Mustika , Wijaya Andi
Published: August 2019

BACKGROUND: Giant transformations are going on currently in health care, and the greatest force behind this phenomenon is data.CONTENT: Big data has arrived into medicine field, lead to potential enhancement in accountability, quality, efficiency, and innovation. Most updated, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine-learning (ML) techniques rapidly developed, bring forth the big data analysis into more useful applications, from resource allocation to complex disease diagnosis. To realize this, a very large set of health-care data is needed for algorithms training and evaluation, including patients’ treatment data, patients respond to treatment, and personal patient information, such as genetic data, family history, health behavior, and vital signs.SUMMARY: Precision Health involving preventive, predictive, personalized and precise. The arrival of AI and ML will enhance and facilitates the improvement of this relationship through better accuracy, productivity, and workflow, thus develop a health system that will go beyond just curing disease, but further into wellness that preventing disease before it strikes, thus the patient–doctor bond is expected to be reformed and not be eroded.KEYWORDS: artificial intelligence, machine learning, deep learning, electronic health records, big data
Increased mean platelet volume in patients with vestibular migraine
Authors: ÇAVUŞ Mehmet Emin , TANYELİ Talip Talha , AKCAN Fatih Alper , BAYIR Ömer , GÖKKURT Didem
Published: August 2019

Objectives:
The purpose of this study was to investigate relation
between mean platelet volume, platelet distribution width, platelet-to-lymphocyte
ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and vestibular migraine. Methods: This study was planned in prospective
manner and conducted
in Ankara Polatlı State Hospital between April 2017 and May 2018. Thirty patients
diagnosed with vestibular migraine and thirty healthy, age and sex-matched
subjects were enrolled to the study. Mean platelet volume, platelet
distribution width, platelet count, neutrophil count and lymphocyte count in
blood samples were measured. Results: The mean age of the patients with vestibular
migraine was 39.90 ± 7.16 and the study group consisted
of 11 males and 19 females. The mean platelet volume and platelet
distribution width values in patients with vestibular
migraine were significantly higher than the control group
(p < 0.001). There were no difference
on mean neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and platelet/lymphocyte ratio values between
patient group and control group.

Conclusions: We found a positive relation of
increased levels of mean
platelet volume and platelet distribution width with vestibular
migraine. Higher mean platelet volume is associated with atherosclerosis and thromboembolism.
Vascular pathologies are blamed for both headache syndromes like migraine and vertiginous
syndromes. This theory supports our study but pathophysiological mechanism is
not clear.
O “organismo” na obra de B. F. Skinner: uma exploração contextual e quantitativa acerca de seu signficado
Authors: Fonseca Kelvin , Zilio Diego
Published: August 2019

Apesar de aparecer no título da obra primeira de B. F. Skinner, O comportamento dos organismos, está ausente, nessa e em outras obras do autor, uma de nição explícita de “organismo”, de modo que uma análise do termo em seus escritos se faz necessária para eluci- dar regularidades contextuais de sua ocorrência. Partindo do Procedimento de Interpretação Conceitual de Texto (PICT), analisamos o contexto de ocorrência do termo “organismo” em uma amostra de 8 obras de Skinner, abrangendo um período de 60 anos. Notamos que o termo ocorre em pelo menos 15 diferentes contextos, cada um deles consistindo em um nexo onde con uem diferentes discussões na literatura da analítico-comportamental. Ressaltamos algumas ambiguidades relativas ao critério de demarcação entre organismo e ambiente, ao papel da história logenética no desenvolvimento do organismo, e à extensão metafórica referente ao uso do termo para tratar da dimensão grupal ou social.
Escribir sin palabras: La fotografía en Los fantasmas del masajista de Mario Bellatin
Authors: Silva Torres Xiomara Danay
Published: August 2019

El presente artículo reflexiona en torno a los estímulos visuales pre sentes en la obra del escritor peruano/mexicano Mario Bellatin, específicamente en la incorporación directa de fotografías en

Los fantasmas del masajista (2009). De este modo, se proponen cuatro ejes conceptuales que buscan ilustrar el sentido que tiene la inclusión de este elemento en el texto, así como el análisis del archivo fotográfico

que, a simple vista, parecieran tener una evidente continuidad con el relato, pero que muchas veces más bien desconciertan y producen un efecto irrisorio. Finalmente, se plantea la interdisciplinariedad

como un procedimiento que, lejos de favorecer la referencialidad en la obra, despierta una serie de dudas en el lector, efecto que se relaciona directamente con la propuesta artística de este escritor.
Margarita, está linda la mar: una reflexión sobre la construcción binaria hegemonía versus subalternidad
Authors: Méndez Sánchez Diana Verónica
Published: August 2019

El presente artículo de reflexión estudia la obra Margarita, está linda la mar (1998) del escritor nicaragüense Sergio Ramírez a la luz de su relación con el contexto (teoría poscolonial). Desde este punto de vista, se propone un análisis sobre la relación dicotómica hegemonía versus subalternidad donde se revelan huellas coloniales a partir de los proyectos hegemónicos. Así, por un lado se demuestra la presencia hegemónica —política y militar—mediante el cotejo de los dos escenarios históricos representados, como consecuencia de la intervención militar por parte de fuerzas militares nacionales y extranjeras que representaron el control y la represión de todo un país, y por otro, las reflexiones en torno a la condición de subalternidad vista como expresión y contraparte de la dominación encarnada o incorporada de los sujetos oprimidos.
Effectiveness of Bintaro Seeds Extract (Cerbera odollam Gaertn.) on Armyworm (Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) Mortality
Authors: Dewi Mery Sintia , Subchan Wachju , Prihatin Jekti
Published: August 2019

Armyworm (Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) often lead to decreased productivity and even crop failures by causing leaves, fruits, and vegetables to become torn, cut, and punctured. Crop insecticides are an alternative to eradicating armyworm (Spodoptera litura (Fabricius). One plant that can be used as a vegetable insecticide is bintaro (Cerbera odollam Gaertn.) The bintaro plant (Cerbera odollam Gaertn.) has cerberin content that contribute to insect mortality. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of extract (Cerbera odollam Gaertn.) on mortality of armywork (Spodoptera litura (Fabricius). This study was a type of experiment using Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and one control. The results showed that the effectiveness of seeds bintaro extract (Cerbera odollam Gaertn.) could cause death to armyworm (Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) on 1.5% concentration of 55% showed effective on the armyworm. Increasing the dose is to be followed by increasing the effectiveness of mortality. The LC50 value is 1.51%. Increasingly concentration of seeds bintaro extract (Cerbera odollam Gaertn.) cause higher mortality of armyworm (Spodoptera litura (Fabricius).

Keywords: Spodoptera litura (Fabricius), Cerbera odollam Gaertn. Seeds Extract, Mortality
Development of Histology Teaching Materials of Five Human Organs Magazine Based on Corel Draw for Student at IKIP Budi Utomo Malang
Authors: Prasetyana Septina Dwi , Corneliawati Eka
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this study was to develop a new learning media in the form of a magazine to support the histology learning process. The presence of the Five Human Organs Magazine is expected to provide a new learning atmosphere during the learning process, and to be able to provide new information on the topic of histology of the five organs of the human body, namely the brain, lungs, stomach, heart and liver. The development model used in this study was 4D development model from Thiagarajan (1974). The 4D model has 4 stages, namely define, design, develop, and disseminate. But in this study it was only carried out until the develop stage without disseminate stages. The sample used in the trial was a class A of 2016 consist of 40 students. Data obtained by means of questionnaires. The results showed that the development of teaching materials for five human organs magazines was suitable to use in learning activities. This was indicated by the result expert validation which revealed that the product was very good. Validation result for learning media and learning design were said to be very good. Individual and group trial data said that the product was very good. In the medium group trial it can be concluded that the teaching material of the five human organs magazine is suitable to be used as a reference for the histology teaching material by students in IKIP Budi Utomo Malang.

 

Keywords: Histology teaching materials, magazine, five human organs.
Cooperative Method of Talking Chips Types in Character Education to Improve Discipline of SMP Students
Authors: Sari Novilia Mita
Published: August 2019

The purpose of this study is to determine the cooperative method of talking chips type in character education for junior high school students. Data is taken from trusted literature such as books and journals. The method used is a match (looking for a partner), 2. Think Fair-Share (thinking-pairing), 3. Talking chips, 4. roundtable. The results will be expected later for junior high school students when the learning process and student learning are more active, disciplined, organized and evenly distributed.

 

Keywords: method, students, character education, discipline
Pengaruh Implementasi Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) terhadap Kemampuan Berfikir Kritis IPA Siswa SMPN 1 Pakusari
Authors: Rahmawati Rizki Intan
Published: August 2019

The purpose of the research study is to analyze and find out what problems occur with respect to understanding and the ability to think critically of junior high school students against science subject with the application of the PBL model to better student activity. The method used is the collection of accurate information then analyzed and pretest-postest and fully understood and obtained a conclusion. Based on this preliminary study, it can be concluded that the application of the PBL model can have a positive influence on students thinking ability, which ultimately students can have a high curiosity about the phenomena that exist in the surrounding environment and also students are able to develop and develop the knowledge they already have. then with new knowledge added to the amplifier.

 

Keyword: Problems Based Learning (PBL); Critical Thinking Ability; Environment
Levels of Hemoglobin, Leukocytes, and Platelets of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis in Surabaya
Authors: Kahdina Mega , Mardiana Nunuk , Fauziah Dyah
Published: August 2019

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing in Indonesia, furthermore, it requires high treatment cost such as conservative therapy and kidney transplantation or dialysis. There are two types of dialysis; hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis. The patient who undergoes HD needs periodical laboratories evaluation due to its impact on hemoglobin (Hb), leukocyte and platelets. The purpose of this study was to obtain the levels of Hb, leukocyte and platelets regularly in stage 5 CKD patients undergoing HD.Methods: Data were collected from patients’ medical record from October to December 2014 and it was characterized based on age, sex, HD frequency, HD period, hemoglobin, iron saturation, ESA (erythropoiesis-stimulating agent), leukocyte level and platelets level. 60 samples were included with the same ratio.Results: The average of age was 45 years old and the average of HD period was 40 months. All patients suffered anemia, however, only 51 patients could be evaluated the iron saturation. From it, 37 patients had the iron saturation of ≥20% which 14 (38%) of them received ESA. There were 14 patients who suffered zinc deficiency anemia with the iron saturation of <20% which 4 (29%) of them received ESA.Conclusion: Most of patients’ leukocyte and platelets levels were normal. Patients who received ESA had higher Hb levels. Platelets levels had a reverse correlation with the longer period of hemodialysis.
Palliative Therapy of Esophageal Stent Installation with Shim Modified Fixation Techniques on An Esophageal Adenocarsinoma Patients
Authors: Ayu Yudith Annisa
Published: August 2019

Esophageal carcinoma is a progeny disease that often results in significant disruption to the ability to ingest solid foods and liquid foods at an advanced stage. Reported case of a 27-year-old man with a diagnosis of an intestinal type of adenocarcinoma gastroesophageal junction stage III with a dysphagia score 4. Diagnosis based on anamnesis, endoscopy and anatomical pathology. Patients have undergone chemotherapy and palliative therapy with esophageal dilatation. Patients experienced improvement in dysphagia score from initial score 3 (unable to swallow solid or liquid food), to 2 (able to swallow semisolid food) after the installation of esophageal stent. The patient planned to continue therapy his chemotherapy.
Keratosis Obturans Management
Authors: Romdhoni A.C
Published: August 2019

Keratosis obturans is a large accumulation of plaque from desquamated keratin distributed in the ear. The etiology of keratosis obturans remains unclear. Keratosis obturans generally occurs in young patients between the ages of 5-20 years and can attack one or both ears. Patients suffering from keratosis obturans and have a history of bronchiectasis or sinusitis reported 77% of adolescent cases, only 20% of adult cases. The diagnosis of keratosis obturance is made on the basis of anamnesis and clinical examination, while CT scan is performed to determine whether or not bone erosion is present. This disease can be controlled by performing clearance of the ear canal periodically every one to three months to reduce debris accumulation. Ear dropping of mixtures of alcohol or glycerin in 3% peroxide, three times a week can often be helpful.
Comparison of High-sensitivity C-reactive Protein Level between Chronic Kidney Disease Stages
Authors: Thaha Mochammad , Imroati Tri Asih , Wardana Aditia , Widodo S , Pranawa S , Irwanadi Chandra
Published: August 2019

ABSTRACTAim : This research is to evaluate the hs-CRP level comparison between CKD stages in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya.Methods: An analytic observational cross-sectional study, evaluating the differences of hs-CRP level between CKD stages in 72 patients (mean age 55.49±7.62 years, the ratio between male:female was 1:1.48, mean BMI 24.18±3.64 kg/m2, 36.11% diabetics, 43.05% on ACEI/ARB, 29.16% on statin), recruited from Nephrology Outpatient Clinic, Dr Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, from January to May 2014. The stages were stratified  according to the MDRD formula.Results: The mean hs-CRP of  CKD stage 3 was 2.29±2.86, stage 4 was 2.48 ± 2.19, and non-dialysis stage 5 was 2.09 ± 2.54. The analysis using Kruskal-Wallis test showed no significant differences among patients with  CKD stage 3, stage 4, and non-dialysis stage 5 (median 1.25 vs 1.80 vs 1.05 mg/L; p=0.430). No significant differences of the serum hs-CRP level were detected between diabetics and non diabetics in stage 3, 4, and non-dialysis stage 5  (p=0.673 vs 0.666 vs 0.138); between patients with and without ACEI/ARB treatment (p=0.610 vs 0.649 vs 0.671); and between patients with and without statin treatment (p=0.852 vs 0.341 vs 0.309).Conclusion: The elevation of serum hs-CRP level can not indicate the decline of kidney function, but it still needs further investigations.
Salmonella sp. Detection in Elementary School Street Foods in Surabaya
Authors: Adzhani Adelia Anggasta , Purwanta Marijam , Rahmatullah Ivan
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Street foods are food and drink which are processed on the selling spot and/or served as ready-to-consume foods by food vendors to sell to people. Foods and drinks which are rested for too long in the environment will make it possible to get contaminated by pathogen microbes and then results in disease. One of the microbes that is considerably contaminating street foods is Salmonella. We aim to identify Salmonella on drink which are offered in the canteens of Public Elementary School.Methods: This research is design as a descriptive observational, including incubation in Selenite broth, streak in MacConkey agar, and species identification using biochemical tests.Results: There were no Salmonella sp. in drinks sample of street foods which are offered both inside and outside the canteens of Public Elementary School 1 Surabaya, but other gram-negative bacteria contaminated foods.Conclusion: The street foods in elementary school, both the main ingredients and tools used during food processing and serving, still have contamination from pathogen, especially gram-negative bacteria. The vendors and sellers need to be taught how to process and serve foods in better hygiene.
Depression Level Difference Between Gifted and Non-gifted Medical Students
Authors: Alkaff Firas Farisi , Syamlan Adila Taufik , Jonatan Michael , Nugraha Rcardo Adrian , Octora Tan Nicko , Karimah Azimatul
Published: August 2019

Introduction: Depression is a common mental health conditions in the world. Compare to general population, the prevalence of depression in medical students are higher. There are several risk factors that might contribute to the higher rate of depression in medical students, including being a gifted student. However, no study has been published regarding the depression of the gifted medical students until now.Aim: To find out the difference in the level of depression between gifted and non-gifted medical students. Methods: This study was a descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted from October to December 2016. Subjects were third year medical students from Faculty of Medicine Universitas Airlangga. There were 2 groups in this study. Samples from gifted students group was obtained using total sampling method, while number of samples from non-gifted students group was equated with gifted students group. Depression was measured using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis.  Results: 34 students, 17 students in the gifted students group and 17 students in the non-gifted students group, were included in this study. Based on the BDI score results category, 2 students from the gifted students group and 1 student from non-gifted students group were in the mild category, and 1 student from the gifted students group was in the borderline category. The highest BDI score in gifted students group were 14, while in non- gifted students group were 17. There was no significant difference of the BDI score and BDI category between groups (p = 0.154; 0.951, respectively).Conclusion: There was no significant difference of depression level between gifted and non-gifted medical students.
Primary Pulmonary Lymphoma with Superior Vena Cava Syndrome
Authors: Rosyid Alfian Nur , Meliana Resti Yudhawati
Published: August 2019

Primary Pulmonary Lymphoma (PPL) is a clonal proliferation of lymphoid cells that involve one or two lungs (parenchyma and or bronchi. PPL is found in approximately 0.4% of all lymphoma cases and 3.6% of NHL cases. Five years survival rate at stage I and II is 90%, and 80% in stage III and IV. A 63-year-old male farmer presented with chief complaint of shortness of breath for one week before admission and preceded by coughing for a month, loss of appetite and night sweating. There was an abnormal physical examination on the right side of the chest with non-tender lymph node enlargements in the right supraclavicular and neck region and superior vena cava syndrome. CT guided FNAB suggesting NHL. Patient was treated with CHOP chemotherapy regiment. However, with high grade lymphoma, patient did not respond well.
Correlative Study Between Nutritional Status and Remission Outcome in Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya
Authors: Athifah Asma' , Hidayati Siti Nurul , Sulistiawati Sulistiawati
Published: August 2019

Introduction: The most common malignancy that is diagnosed in children is acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Undernourished children tend to have poorer long term survival. This descriptive analytic study is aimed towards analyzing the correlation between nutritional status at diagnosis and outcomes of induction phase therapy in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia at the Department of Pediatrics Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya in 2014.Methods: A cross-sectional method using the medical records of patients is used in this study. The nutritional statuses of patients are calculated using weight for length/height trough curves of WHO 2006 or CDC 2000.Results: The results show that from 45 children diagnosed with ALL, 53% are of the age ≤ 5 years old, with 58% males and 42% females. 13% of the patients are in the high risk group and 87% are in the standard risk group. Nutritional statuses of patients are 2% of them obese experienced remission after induction phase therapy, 56% normal with 80% of them experienced remission. 40% underweight with 89% of them experienced remission and 11% not experienced remission, 2% malnutrition and experienced remission. There is no correlation between the nutritional status of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia with the outcome of induction phase (p = 0.798).Conclusion: In conclusion, there is no correlation between nutritional status and remission outcome of patients with ALL in the induction phase of therapy. However, high percentage of underweight patients shows nutrition needs special attention to improve therapy outcomes.
THE EFFORT TO INCREASE AWARENESS SAFETY AND HEALTH AT SCHOOLS FOR ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS STUDENT USING ROLE PLAY METHOD
Authors: Nilamsari Neffrety , Noviarni Fadilatus Sukma Ika , Damayanti Ratih
Published: August 2019

Background: Application of Occupational Safety and Health (K3) is not only the scope of the company but also be started from the household and school environment. There are many potential hazards for students at school and can cause an accident or illness for students if not controlled well. Primary school is a form of formal education for children aged 6 to 12 years. Child is curious about a concept. During this period, children have begun to be able to distinguish between good and bad based on their own reasoning. Purpose: The right method was needed to motivated children aged 6-12 years to play safe at the school environment and home. Method: The role play method was used as a tool to stimulate students aged 6-12 years to be able to increase awareness of the importance of applying OSH in the school and home environment especially when playing futsal and bicycles. Result: The understanding scores of playing material was safe during the pre-test with a very good rating of 66.67%, and those who lack understanding 12.90%. An increase in scores after the role play of the criteria was very good up to 69.15% while the lack of understanding criteria can be reduced until 4.25%. Conclusion: The material thas has been given has a positive impact on students awareness. These activities can be improved through children habituation to live safety consciously.
Does Person-Organization Fit Mediate the Relationship between Affect-Based Work Antecedents and Public Employee Job Satisfaction?
Authors: Lim Sungdae , Lee Keon-Hyung , Bae Kwi-Hee
Published: August 2019

In this study we investigate whether person-organization fit mediates the relationship between affect-based work antecedents—specifically, transformational leadership and role clarity—and public employee job satisfaction. We hypothesize that transformational leadership and role clarity, as joint affect-based work antecedents, will trigger the effect of value congruence on job satisfaction in public organizations. Using a viewpoint survey of South Korean government officials, we estimate structural equation models to test this hypothesis. Our findings indicate that person-organization fit does mediate the relationship between transformational leadership and job satisfaction. However, we also find that the mediating effect of person-organization fit on the relationship between role clarity and job satisfaction is not significant. This study contributes to our understanding of how affect-based work experiences can influence the person-organization fit and job satisfaction relationship. Implications are discussed accordingly.
Local Regulation of Charitable Solicitation
Authors: Mead Joseph
Published: August 2019

Most discussions of the policy context for nonprofits in the United States focus on federal or state restrictions. Fundraising charities, however, must comply not only with myriad state requirements but an uncertain number of local requirements as well. Based on a survey of the largest cities in the United States, I find that all of these cities have some restrictions on charitable solicitation. Several of the cities also impose extensive registration requirements and other restrictions. These findings highlight the need for nonprofits to be aware of local regulation of their activities.
Ethical Regulators and Super-Ethical Systems
Authors: Ashby Mick
Published: August 2019

This paper combines the Good Regulator Theorem with the Law of Requisite Variety and seven other requisites that are necessary and sufficient for a cybernetic regulator to be effective and ethical. The resulting Ethical Regulator Theorem provides a basis for systematically evaluating and improving the adequacy of existing or proposed designs for systems that make decisions that can have ethical consequences; regardless of whether the regulators are human, machines, cyberanthropic hybrids, organizations, corporations, or government institutions. The theorem is then used to define an ethical design process that has potentially far-reaching implications for society. A six-level framework is proposed for classifying cybernetic and superintelligent systems, which highlights the existence of a possibility-space bifurcation in our future time-line. The implementation of “super-ethical” systems is identified as an urgent imperative for humanity to avoid the danger that superintelligent machines might lead to a technological dystopia. Third-order cybernetics is defined as the cybernetics of ethical systems. Concrete actions, a grand challenge, and a vision of a super-ethical society are proposed to help steer the future of the human race and our wonderful planet towards a realistically achievable minimum viable cyberanthropic utopia.
Modeling Daily Pan Evaporation in Humid Climates Using Gaussian Process Regression
Authors: Shabani Sevda , Samadianfard Saeed , Taghi Sattari Mohammad , Shamshirband Shahab , Mosavi Amir , Kmet Tibor , R. Várkonyi-Kóczy Annamária
Published: August 2019

Evaporation is one of the main processes in the hydrological cycle, and it is one of the most critical factors in agricultural, hydrological, and meteorological studies. Due to the interactions of multiple climatic factors, the evaporation is a complex and nonlinear phenomenon; therefore, the data-based methods can be used to have precise estimations of it. In this regard, in the present study, Gaussian Process Regression (GPR), Nearest-Neighbor (IBK), Random Forest (RF) and Support Vector Regression (SVR) were used to estimate the pan evaporation (PE) in the meteorological stations of Golestan Province, Iran. For this purpose, meteorological data including PE, temperature (T), relative humidity (RH), wind speed (W) and sunny hours (S) collected from the Gonbad-e Kavus, Gorgan and Bandar Torkman stations from 2011 through 2017. The accuracy of the studied methods was determined using the statistical indices of Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), correlation coefficient (R) and Mean Absolute Error (MAE). Furthermore, the Taylor charts utilized for evaluating the accuracy of the mentioned models. The outcome indicates that the optimum state of Gonbad-e Kavus, Gorgan and Bandar Torkman stations, Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) with the error values of 1.521, 1.244, and 1.254, the Nearest-Neighbor (IBK) with error values of 1.991, 1.775, and 1.577, Random Forest (RF) with error values of 1.614, 1.337, and 1.316, and Support Vector Regression (SVR) with error values of 1.55, 1.262, and 1.275, respectively, have more appropriate performances in estimating PE. It found that GPR for Gonbad-e Kavus Station with input parameters of T, W and S and GPR for Gorgan and Bandar Torkmen stations with input parameters of T, RH, W, and S had the most accurate performances and proposed for precise estimation of PE. Due to the high rate of evaporation in Iran and the lack of measurement instruments, the findings of the current study indicated that the PE values might be estimated with few easily measured meteorological parameters accurately.
Encouraging Organic Food Shopping through Visualization of Personal Shopping Data
Authors: Katzeff Cecilia , Zapico Jorge , Milestad Rebecka , Bohné Ulrica
Published: August 2019

Although food retailers have embraced organic certified food products as a way to reduce their environmental loading, organic sales only make up a small proportion of total sales worldwide. Most consumers have positive attitudes towards organic food, but attitudes are not reflected in behaviour. This article addresses consumers’ attitude-behaviour gap regarding their purchase organic food and reports on how visualization of personal shopping data may encourage them to buy more organic food. Through the design of the visualization tool, the EcoPanel, and through an empirical study of its use, we provide evidence on the potential of the tool to promote sustainable food shopping practices. Sixty-five users tested the EcoPanel for five months and interviews were made with ten of these. The test users increased their purchase of organic food with 23%. The informants used the EcoPanel to reflect on their shopping behaviour and to increase their organic shopping. We conclude that the visualization of food purchases stimulates critical reflection and the formation of new food shopping practices. This implies that food retailers may increase sales of organic food through using a visualization tool available for their customers. In this way these retailers may decrease their environmental impact.
Basalt Short Fibres Dispersion and Fabric Impregnation with Magnesium Alloy (AZ63): First Results
Authors: Marini Danilo , Valente Marco
Published: August 2019

Magnesium is one of the lightest structural metal used in different industrial sector and many works are present in literature about the study of its reinforcement by fillers addition. Basalt fibres are natural fillers with good mechanical properties, excellent resistance to high temperature and lower cost than carbon fibres. For these aspects, in the last years they are increasingly used in the production of composite materials with polymeric matrices. However, very few information are presents in literature about the use of basalt fibres as reinforcement in metal matrix composite materials. It is well known that the impregnation of fibres reinforcement affects the mechanical behavior of composites materials. The aim of this study is to investigate the impregnation and the behavior of basalt fibres in a magnesium alloy composite material manufactured by a centrifugal casting technique.
New Algorithm for Rain Cell Identification and Tracking in Rainfall Event Analysis
Authors: He Ting , Zhang JianXin , Hua JiYao , Cai Yang
Published: August 2019

This study proposes a new algorithm termed rain cell identification and tracking (RCIT) to identify and track rain cells from high resolution weather radar data. Previous algorithms have limitations when tracking non-consequent rain cells owing to their use of maximum correlation coefficient methods and their lack of an alternative way to handle the variation stages of rain cells during their life cycles. To address these deficiencies, various methods are implemented in the new algorithm. These include the particle image velocimetry (PIV) method for motion estimation and the rain cell matching rule to obtain the stage changes of rain cells. High resolution (5-min and 1-km) radar reflectivity data from three rainy days over the German federal state North Rhine Westphalia (NRW) are used to evaluate the proposed algorithm. The performance of the new algorithm is compared with a radar reflectivity map and verified by two object-oriented methods: structure–amplitude–location (SAL) and geometric index. The verification results suggest that the performance of the new algorithm is good. Application of the RCIT algorithm to the selected cases shows that the inner structure of rainfall events in the experimental region present extreme value distributions, with most rainfall events having a short duration with less intensity. The new algorithm can effectively capture the stage changes of rain cells during their life cycles. The proposed algorithm can serve as the basis for further hydro-meteorological applications such as spatial and temporal analysis of rainfall events and short-term flood forecasting.