bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Hybrid (Hydrodynamic/Hydrostatic) Journal Bearing
Authors: Dwivedi Vijay Kumar , Chand Satish , Pandey K.N.
Published: March 2013

The Hybrid (hydrodynamic/ hydrostatic) journal bearing system has found wide spread application in high speed rotating machines such as compressors, gas turbines, steam turbines, etc. The present studies include solution of Reynolds equation for hydrodynamic journal bearing with infinitely long approximation (ILA), infinitely short bearing approximation (ISA) and finite journal bearing approximation. Further Finite Journal bearing approximation considers two dimensional solution of Reynolds equation with natural boundary condition, which cannot be solved by analytical method. So, here the solutions for finite journal bearing have been done with finite difference method (a MATLAB® code is prepared for finite difference method) to get bearing performance parameters such as load capacity, Sommerfeld no., etc.
Development of a Sensor to Detect Condensation of Super-Sonic Steam
Authors: Khan Afrasyab , Sanaullah Khairuddin , Haq Noaman Ul
Published: March 2013

This paper explains the development and functioning of AC driven electrodes based sensor which is used for the study of condensation phenomena of steam. Time for the AC signals starts form 20 msecond to 1 second. Data acquisition system is employed against each time interval and the output data is fed into EIDORS (a free software algorithm). Images show the clear boundaries between pure steam, its interface and water.
Fast Detection of Local Anesthetic Ropivacaine by Impedance Method on Polypyrrole-Graphene Oxide
Authors: Wu Ren Jang , Chen Mei Yun
Published: March 2013

A rapid detection of the local anesthetic ropivacaine was measured by electrochemical impedance method. Polypyrrole (Ppy) and polypyrrole (Ppy)-graphene oxide (GO) composites were prepared by electrochemical polymerization on the gold electrode as the working electrode. The electrochemical properties of the Ppy and Ppy-GO composites electrode were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Various concentrations from 1 to 20 ppm of ropivacaine were prepared in 0.9% NaCl as the sample solution. Prepared Ppy and Ppy-GO were used as working electrodes, and the sample solution had been measured for a sinusoidal excitation in the frequency range of 100 Hz to 1 MHz. It exhibited the better linearity (R2=0.973) of Ppy/1% GO than Ppy (R2=0.882) from 1 to 20 ppm when the frequency fixed in 100 kHz. All the response and recovery time of 0.1 ppm local anesthetic ropivacaine can be detection in this system within 1 sec, it will be a promising composite material on electrochemical electrode.
Numerical Analysis of Bias Load on Integral Flotation Cushion
Authors: Zhao Xiang , Liu Bo , Zhang Jun An
Published: March 2013

This paper adopts the Reynolds equation as the governing equation of gas lubrication; it mainly focuses on the complex flow field of flotation cushion with multiple supply-holes and analyzes the gas pressure distribution of bias load on the integral flotation cushion by the numerical method. At the same time, according to the mass conservation principle, an efficient revision iteration route about outlet pressure boundary condition of each supply-hole has been set, and the pressure distribution and flow rate of each supply-hole at different declination are calculated. The results show that when the flotation cushion deflection angle varies, due to the edge deflation, the outlet pressure of the orifice is not in strict inverse proportion to the thickness of gas film on the orifice on the integral flotation cushion.
Design of Multi-User Aerobics Wireless Human Motion Capture System Based on MEMS
Authors: Xiao Juan
Published: March 2013

Main characteristics of recent human motion capture systems are analyzed in the paper firstly. Based on that, a new multi-user aerobics wireless human motion capture system based on MEMS is proposed. Design of its framework and core technology solutions including large-scale data obtain, multi-hop wireless sensor and high-frequency real-time transmission are put forward. Finally, three-dimensional real-time reconstructions of the multi-user aerobics wireless motion capture system are showed in the paper.
An Innovative Experimental Setup for Laboratory Tests of Fine Blanking Process
Authors: Shahsavan M. , Sedighi M.
Published: March 2013

Fine blanking process can produce parts with accurate cutting edge quality. Studying the effects of process parameters on accuracy and quality of fine banking products are usually expensive. In this paper, an innovative idea has been introduced for a set of fine blanking test rig which is not as complicate and expensive as standard fine blanking dies but it could be used alternatively for limited laboratory works. The main concept of the rig is based on manual adjustment of counter punch force and blank holder force by means of rubber spring and torque meters respectively. As a case study, the effect of counter punch force of fine blanking process in a 2mm thickness steel AISI-1006 sheet was studied by this test rig. The results show that increasing the counter punch force makes burr dimension on cutting edge to get smaller which means better quality of the product.
Study of Metallurgical Properties in the Sintered Ore with Variable Carbon
Authors: Li Yuan Liang , Zhang Qing Jun , Liu Jin Gang , Jiang Li Mei , Mo Wen Ling , Zhang Yu Zhu
Published: March 2013

The low silicon sintered ores are prepared, where C content is 3.3%, 3.5%, 3.7%, 3.9% and 4.1%, respectively. Their metallurgical properties are also measured. The results state that the low temperature reduction degradation property in low silicon sintered ore is to achieve the best when the carbon content was 3.7%. With increasing carbon content, it has a trend that the low silicon sintered reducing gradually become variation. In this range of carbon content, softening initial temperature exceed 1230 oC, the softening interval is less than 120 oC, so suitable C content are helpful to improve metallurgical properties for low silicon sintered ore.
The Nature of Rest Silanol Groups on the Surfaces of Silica Based Solid Phase Extraction Materials
Authors: Christy Alfred A.
Published: March 2013

Chemically bonded solid phase materials are very important in separation chemistry. The chemically modified silica gel contains rest silanol groups that can affect the retention properties when they are used for separation of compounds. Some commercially available solid phase extraction (SPE) materials based on silica gel were analysed for rest silanol groups by near infrared spectroscopy. The combination frequency of the water molecules in the 5500- 5000 cm -1 region was used in identifying the nature of water molecules on the surface and the information was used to identify the types of silanol groups on the surface. Second derivative technique was employed in the detailed analysis. Nine different SPE materials including C18, C8, C6H5, NH2, OH, CN, SiOH, SA (SCX) and SB (SAX) were examined by near infrared spectroscopy for rest silanol groups. The results show that the non-polar and polar stationary phases contain vicinal silanol groups and the ion exchange solid phase materials contain free, vicinal and geminal silanol groups.
Analysis Development Status of A12 Reservoir
Authors: Zhang Lei , Liu Guo Ming
Published: March 2013

A12 oil and gas reservoirs in L Oilfield Carboniferous carbonate rocks of oil and gas bearing system, saturated with the gas cap and edge water and bottom water reservoir. The A12 oil and gas reservoir structure the relief of the dome-shaped anticline, oil, gas and water distribution controlled by structure, the gas interface -2785 meters above sea level, the oil-water interface altitude range -2940 ~-2980m, average-2960m. Average reservoir thickness of 23m, with a certain amount of dissolved gas drive and gas cap gas drive energy, but not very active edge and bottom water, gas cap drive index.
Designing a Sustainable Planting Module for Extensive Green Roofs under the Tropical Climate
Authors: Lin Yi Jiung , Sun Chen Yi , Lin Hsien Te
Published: March 2013

Heat from solar radiation contributes to the high energy usage in the tropical climate regions. Extensive green roofs are well known efficient tools for heat insulation. This study designs a module system that is easy to implement and requires low maintenance for the extensive green roofs. The module system combined planting substrates and plants within a planting container which achieves the objectives, namely, light weight, easy shipping, good drainage, UV resistance, high water retention, and air permeability.
Development of an Adjustable Physical Mockup Used for Design Validation of Passenger Car Ergonomics and Interiors
Authors: Sang Chun Lei , Ren Jin Dong , Liu Yong Qing , Mi Meng Dong , Li Shi Hai , Gao Xiao Xian
Published: March 2013

Ergonomics and interior geometry are important validation contents in vehicle product development. In this paper, a fully adjustable physical mockup with the flexibility to install various interiors was developed, which can be used to validate the ergonomics and interiors for any target population and various passenger cars. By requirements analysis, target vehicle types and contents needed to be validated using this equipment were identified. Based on statistical analysis of the sizes of different passenger cars, the dimensions of basic structure and the adjustments ranges of main components were determined, as well as the main functions and structural requirements. Based on above analysis, reference fiducial marks system, and the positions and travels of adjustment devices were calculated. According to the validated concept design, considering the standards of section bars and machines, the main structure and adjustment devices of every component were designed and analyzed of their strength, stiffness and kinematics. Together with the manufacturer, the sub-systems of the mockup were produced, assembled and tested. The acceptance test showed that this mockup could simulate and present different passenger cars well as the design target, and could evaluate, modify and reevaluate various ergonomic problems and interior designs.
Desiccant from Cassava for Dehydration of Alcohol Vapor at Near Azeotropic Concentration
Authors: Rattanaphanee Panarat , Laha Watcharapong , Boonfung Chontira
Published: March 2013

Wet cassava pulp is generated in large quantity during a production of cassava starch. Major utilization of the pulp is in animal feed manufacturing. During a period of low demand, this material could accumulate and decompose causing air pollution in areas surround the starch factories. This research used biomass desiccant prepared from cassava pulp in a bench-scale packed-bed adsorption system to study the dehydration of ethanol and n-propanol vapor at concentration near their azeotropic points. The sorption capacity was found to be 0.053 and 0.119 gwater/gdesiccant for ethanol and iso-propanol at concentration of 80 %(w/w) and 0.109 gwater/gdesiccant for n-propanol at concentration of 65 %(w/w). Alcoholic solutions with concentration higher than their aqueous azeotropic points, which could not be achieved by normal fractional distillation, were obtained in all the experiments. This study elucidates that cassava pulp could be value-added, and water adsorption using cassava-derived desiccant could be an alternative technique for production of high purity alcohols.
Aqueous Synthesis and Thermal Decomposition Behavior of Rare Earth Complexes with o-Carboxylbenzaldehyde-2-Pyrroleformylhydrazone Ligand
Authors: Yang Chun , Liu Xiang Rong , Wang Li Na , Shen Wen Sheng , Yang Dao Wu
Published: March 2013

Thirteen novel complexeswere synthesized using this method, by employing the designed ligand o-carboxylbenzaldehyde-2-pyrroleformylhydrazone (H2L). Elemental analysis, molar conductivity,Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectracharacterizations show that the composition formula of the complexes is RE(HL)(H2L)•2H2O (where RE=La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Yb and Y). The thermal decomposition of the thirteen complexes was studied by Subscript textTG-DTG analysis and their apparent activation energies (E) were calculated by Kissinger’s and Flynn-Wall-Ozawa’s methods.
A Trilinear Model for M - θ Curves of Semi-Rigid End-Plate Connections
Authors: Wang Tao , Wang Zhan , Feng Jun Jie
Published: March 2013

The moment behavior of beam-column connections should be considered in advanced steel space frame analysis. A trilinear model and calculation method were presented. Based on the comparison with the FEM results, it has been proved that the M-θ relationship of semi-rigid end-plate connections can be accurately estimated by this simplified calculation method and satisfy the requirement of structural design. This calculation method is simple and ease of use, it benefits application of this kind of joint in actual structure engineering and provides the basis and reference for design of the semi-rigid connection.
Effect of Two-Step Deposition Process on Morphology and Optical Properties of Nanostructured Diamond Films
Authors: Khlayboonme S. Tipawan , Techitdheera Wicharn , Thowladda Warawoot
Published: March 2013

The morphology and optical properties of nanostructured diamond films affected by the two-step deposition process with changing CH4 concentration were investigated. The CH4 concentration was 1% for the first step and 2% for the second step. The films were prepared by chemical vapor deposition in a microwave plasma reactor with a CH4/H2 gas mixture. Nanocrystalline columnar-structured diamond film with lowering of sp2-bonded carbon content was achieved by the two-step deposition process. Unlike that of the single-step process with 1%CH4, the two-step process promoted the morphology to more uniform and smoother film. The two-step process increased the higher grain boundary as well as decreased the sp2-bonded carbon content in the film, as compared with the single-step process with 2%CH4Subscript text.
The Influence of Oxide Inclusion on the Refinement of Bainite and Toughness in HAZ for Low Carbon Steels
Authors: Li Shu Rui , Wang Xue Min , He Xin Lai
Published: March 2013

The influence of Ti oxide on the toughness of heat affected zone for low carbon bainitic steels has been investigated. The optical microscope, SEM and TEM were used to analyze the composition, size and distribution of the inclusions, and the microstructure and mechanical properties after welding thermal simulation were also investigated. The effect of Ti oxide inclusion on the transformation of acicular ferrite has also been studied. The results show that after the melting with Ti dioxide technique the inclusion is complex, in the core is Ti oxides about 1-3 micron and around it is MnS. It has been found the acicular ferrite can nucleate at the inclusions and the Ti oxide inclusion will promote the nucleation of acicular ferrite, and the acicular ferrite will block the growth of bainite. Therefore by introducing the Ti oxide in the steels the microstructure of HAZ could be refined markedly therefore the toughness of HAZ can be improved evidently.
Preparation and Evaluation of Chitosin-Coated Alginate/Gelatin Microspheres for Sustained-Release Drug Delivery System In Vitro
Authors: Wang Qiang Song , Cui Yuan Lu , Dong Tian Jiao
Published: March 2013

The purpose of the study was to prepare and evaluation chitosin-coated alginate/gelatin microspheres for sustained-release drug delivery system in vitro. The microspheres were prepared with an emulsification technique, characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (FT-IR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The average particle size of the chitosan-coated alginate/gelatin microspheres was uniform. The results of FT-IR and DSC showed that the microspheres were formed by intermolecular cross-linkages between chitosan and gelatin. The results also implied that the microsphere were a practicable dosage form to increase drug loading ratio for the poorly water-soluble drugs by encapsulated with chitosan. In vitro release of the microsphere indicated that it had a satisfactory sustained-release behavior for the sustained-release drug delivery system.
The Effects of Contents of Oxygen in Argon-Oxygen Mixed Gas on Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) Films by CCP Discharge
Authors: Xie Yan Feng , Zhou Hong Ying , Zhang Di , Zhang Han Wen , Shi Yun Cheng , Guo Ying
Published: March 2013

In the present work, Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films have been exposed to capacitive coupled plasma (CCP) to improve their surface properties for fabricated devices. Contact angle measurements and atomic force microscopy (AFM) showed an increase in surface roughness resulting in the decrease of contact angle. Surface composition and morphology of the films were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and AFM. It was found that the plasma treatment modified the surfaces both in chemical composition and morphology. Change of chemical composition made the polymer surfaces to be highly hydrophilic, which mainly depends on the increase in oxygen-containing groups. And the results of optical emission spectroscopy (OES) proved that appropriate content of oxygen in mixture gas can create the greatest number of active species to form O*-C causes groups on surface which can easily form C-O-metal bonds, lead to improve adhesion properties.
Structural Characterization of the Chromium-Iron Alloy Formed by Thermal Diffusion Processes
Authors: Arroyo Roberto Baca
Published: March 2013

We have investigated the chromium-iron alloy and compared it to the oxides α-Fe2O3 (Eg = 4.8eV) and α-Cr2O3 (Eg = 2.1eV). It is known that α-Cr2O3 and α-Fe2O3 both adopt a corundum-type structure, but display differences in the lattice constants, direct band gap, and magnetic ordering of the cations. The chromium-iron alloy was synthesized by thermal diffusion processes of both chromium and iron thin-films in air atmosphere conditions. We have studied the elastic distortions related to nature of the relative strains as well as magnetic coupling between Fe and Cr from the X-ray diffraction studies.
Synthesis of N Doped Titania Photocatalyst by Using an Electrochemical Oxidation of TiN Layer
Authors: Oh Han Jun
Published: March 2013

In order to improve the photocatalytic efficiency, the N doped anodic titania film for photocatalyst was synthesized by anodic oxidation of TiN layer in sulfuric electrolyte, and the photocatalytic properties of N doped TiO2layer were investigated. During the oxidation process of the TiN layer, nitrogen was doped into the anodic titania film due to the change of the titanium nitride layer to TiO2layer film. In the evaluation of dye degradation, N doped titania catalyst shows much higher efficiency than non-doped titania film.
Effect of Solution Aging Time on Stability of Colorimetric Assay for Degradation Rate Evaluation of Porous Si in Artificial Cerebrospinal Fluid
Authors: Sun T. , An J.Z. , Park W.T. , Yee T.B. , Je M.
Published: March 2013

In order to evaluate the degradation rate of porous Si in artificial cerebrospinal fluid and obtain more accurate results, the effect of solution aging time on the stability of the ammonium molybdate colorimetric assay was investigated. Following the protocol of the colorimetric assay, the blue colored solutions with various silicic acid concentrations were prepared and then aged for different time periods up to 7 h. On the basis of linear regression analyses, the absorbance value of the blue colored solution was directly proportional to the silicic acid concentration. Moreover, the optimal aging time span of the solution maintained until 7 h, depending on the stability of the solution.
Numerical Simulation of Mesoscopic Concrete Cracking Evolution
Authors: Xu Hui Min
Published: March 2013

Monte Carlo method and the Fuller curve are used to calculate the amount of the aggregate of concrete. The programmer of generating mesoscopic concrete is written to simulate the cracking evolution through two-dimensional plane. In the mesoscopic concrete, the sample is described by a Tri-phase material which consists of aggregate, matrices and interface. Based on the model， a study on how the cracks generate, develop and cut through in the concrete. The results show that: the interface is the vulnerable part of the concrete, the determination of the parameter and the damage criterion of the interface element is the governing factor. During the cracking evolution, the interface element destroyed firstly, and then the crack expense along the edge of the aggregates, cutting through the concrete and damaged finally. Numerical simulation of mesoscopic concrete cracking evolution can be used to understand and describe the damage style and strength characters.
Oxidation of Acid-proof Steel Foil as a Method of Deposition of Phases Active in Nitrogen Oxides Decomposition on Metallic Monolith Walls
Authors: Bielańska E. , Camra J. , Dutkiewicz J. , Kornelak P. , Najbar M. , Wesełucha-Birczyńska A. , Wilkosz T.
Published: March 2013

Pieces of 1H18N9T acid-proof steel foil were subjected to thermoprogrammed oxidation up to 823K, 873K, 1023K and 1113K in air flow. The phases in the oxide layers were determined by Raman spectroscopy. The chemical compositions of the surface microlayers of oxidized foils were investigated by energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry and the chemical compositions of their surface nanolayers were determined by X-ray photoelectron spectrometry. The affinity to oxygen of the foil components was found to be a main factor determining chemical composition and phase structure of the oxides.
Matrix Method for Analysis the Effect of the Crystal Field on the Magnetic Moment of Co2+ Ion
Authors: Kustov E.F. , Novotortsev V.M. , Eremenko I.L. , Goncharov E.O.
Published: March 2013

This paper introduces the common principals of theoretical matrix method for the direct determination of magnetic properties of transition metal ions, which is based on calculation of the full matrix of all the interactions. In this work this method was used to calculating, study and analysis the magnitude of magnetic moment of Co2+ ion in crystal fields with different symmetry.
A Way to Weld Sheet Metal with Double-Electrode GMAW
Authors: Ma Guo Hong , Zhang Yu Ming
Published: March 2013

This paper designed a double-electrode GMAW(gas metal arc welding) system. This system includes main arc and bypass arc. Main arc (Base metal current: Ibm) is supplied with Constant Current power (CC mode) and bypass arc (bypass current: Ibp) is Constant Voltage power (CV mode). Main arc electrode used common carbon wire, bypass arc electrode used water cool copper. Welding experiment shows this DE-GMAW can change common metal transfer into spray transfer with lowest critical total current (Itotal) 200 amps. When Ibm decreases and bypass voltage increases, this critical current will increase and it is less than 230 amps when keeping spray transfer. High speed video proved that metal transfer is changed from spray transfer to globular transfer.
Experimental Analysis of Welding Parameters on Variable Polarity Plasma Arc Pressure
Authors: Jiang Yi , Liu Ming , Lu Yao Hui , Xu Bin Shi
Published: March 2013

Variable polarity plasma arc welding has been widely used to manufacture industries. The effects of welding current and plasma gas flow as the most important parameters on variable polarity plasma arc pressure were discussed experimentally. To welding current, two experimental were designed to discuss the effects of straight polarity current and reversed polarity current on arc pressure respectively. It could be concluded that arc pressure is quadratic with welding current. To plasma gas flow, both experimental and numerical analysis are used to discuss the mechanisms of plasma gas flow to arc pressure, and it could be conclude that arc pressure is quadratic with plasma gas flow rather than linear.
Electrical, Optical and Structural Properties of Tin Oxide Thin Films Deposited by APCVD
Authors: Lagha-Menouer K. , Belkaid M.S. , Pasquinelli M.
Published: March 2013

Tin oxide SnO2 thin films are deposited by atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition APCVD technique. The electrical properties of the deposited films and the influence of the temperature ranging from room temperature to 500°C are analyzed by Hall measurement technique. The negative value of the hall constant indicates that the obtained tin oxide thin films are an N type semiconductor. The value of the mobility and the carrier concentration are 21 cm²/ V. sec and 1,50. 1020 cm-3 respectively. These films present an optical reflectance less than 20%.The change of the surface morphology due to the heat treatment is characterized by the scanning electronic microscopy SEM and the transmission electronic microscopy TEM. The films have a polycrystalline aspect. A post annealing at 500°C improves their morphology.
Fracture Behavior of Aircraft Fuselage Materials under Thermal / Mechanical Loadings for Mode I Crack
Authors: Gao Chang Hui , Tang Xue Song , Chen Min Wei
Published: March 2013

Aluminum alloys are often used as the aircraft fuselage materials. Three materials of aluminum alloys 2A16, 7A09 and titanium alloy TC11 are selected in this work. The fracture behaviors of these materials are investigated under the combination of thermal and mechanical loads. The analytical model is an infinite plate with a line crack subjected to the uniform tension stress and thermal loading. The temperature boundary condition is that the temperature remains unchanged on the crack surfaces while the uniform heat flow is imposed at infinite. The analytical solutions of temperature field, stress field, stress intensity factor, strain energy density factor are solved by the complex function method. The failure stresses under the different conditions are calculated and compared for three materials by using the strain energy density theory. It is seen that the temperature effect would play an important role for the fracture behavior of aircraft fuselage materials.
A Study of the Sensitivity of Parameters Affecting Coated Tool Life in High Speed Milling Superalloy GH4169
Authors: Liu Wei Wei , Wan Xu Sheng , Yu Yuan , Li Feng , Chen Hao
Published: March 2013

Through the orthogonal test of the TiALN coated carbide tool high-speed milling of high-temperature alloy GH4169, the empirical formula of the tool life are acquired by using multiple linear regression method. On the basis of this formula, studying the absolute sensitivity and relative sensitivity of TiALN coated carbide tool life for milling speed, depth of cut and feed; The results showed that in the process of high-speed milling of high-temperature alloy GH4169, tool life decreased with the increase of milling speed, feed and depth of cut; tool life is most sensitive to the change of milling speed; change of feed take second place and milling depth is the least sensitive.
Study on Anticorrosion Technique of CO2 Flooding Well in Yushulin Oilfield
Authors: Bao Yun Bo
Published: March 2013

Recently, in order to solve the problems that most of injection water explorations faced with further enhance oil recovery and the scarcity of water resources, the CO2 flooding technology is widely developed and applied in the oilfield. As the EOR technology, the CO2 flooding has been widely used all over the world, which is characterized by wide application scope, high displacement efficiency and low cost. But, various pipelines and equipments suffered a severe CO2 corrosion in the exploitation and transportation process. So a scheme of reducing tSubscript texthe corrosion rate of pipe and improving the service life of the pipe string effectively should be put forward to ensure the CO2 flooding field test smoothly running. In this paper, Yushulin oilfield is took as the practical background, and the influence of CO2 partial pressure, temperature, flow rate, PH and other factors on CO2 corrosion rate is analyzed. Finaly, the corrosion condition of CO2 flooding well in Yushulin oilfield is determined and corrosion protection methods are presented by combining theoretical prediction and field monitoring.
Application of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fiber to Improve the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Composite Railway Brake Block Materials
Authors: Agus Triono , Ign Wiratmaja Puja , Alam Hilman Syaeful , Rochim S.
Published: March 2013

One of the natural fiber considered to replace syntetic fiber is Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) fiber which offer advantages such as environment friendly and widely available especially in indonesia . This study investigates the characteristics of railway brake block with OPEFB fibres compare to synthetic fiber. All the test results were compared to the technical requirement of PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (PT. KAI ) and evaluated using Extension Evaluation Method (EEM) to select and get the best sample. From the evaluation results using EEM, one of non commercial sample using OPEFB fiber give a better results compare to commercial sample using synthetic fibers. So it can be concluded that OPEFB fiber as reinforcement for railway brake material could improve physical and mechanical properties of the material, environment friendly and could replace synthetic fibers.
Influence of Functional Knowledge Structuring for Modular Design
Authors: Issa Homam , Ostrosi Egon , Lenczner Michel , Habib Rabie
Published: March 2013

This paper focuses on analyzing design methods on product modularity. Through an experimental case, the paper shows that design knowledge is of vital importance to conduct modular design. Modular design is consequence of combining different types of uncertain structured functional knowledge. The paper shows that it is not only the functional knowledge structure that drives the modular design, but also the ability of the designer to gain new functional knowledge, and dynamically, what designer does with that functional knowledge.
Discussion on Market Research System for Product Development and Design
Authors: Long Sheng Jie
Published: March 2013

Product development is the basis for business survival and development, whereas market research is the basis for product development. Market research is a huge system and only with the complete market research can the follow-up of product development be carried out. Therefore, the research on market research system is very necessary. For business decision makers, making clear the market research system for product development helps them understand the market, identify the market and make effective decisions for product development; similarly, only with a decided market research system can investigators’ market analysis and research stay focused on the subject and provide accurate information for product development.
Wear-Life Analysis and Optimization of a Typical Folding Mechanism
Authors: Zhang Juan , Li Zuo Jun , Bai Bin , Bian Jia Zhou
Published: March 2013

A method of modeling and kinematics simulating of a typical flexible folding mechanism in multi-software platform was proposed in this paper, which aimed at its complex nonlinear dynamic characters. Based on this method, parameterized modeling and kinematics simulation of a typical folding mechanism was put forward firstly, and then the reliability analysis and wear lifetime analysis of folding mechanism were studied through different reliability analysis methods. Finally, the wear life of such folding mechanism was optimized. The optimization results showed that the Maximum stress level was decreased and the wear life was increased significantly.
The Optimization of Flexible Job-Shop Scheduling Problem Based on NSGA-II
Authors: Li Chuan Peng , Cui Huan Yong , Wang Gui Cong
Published: March 2013

An improved genetic algorithm based on NSGA-Ⅱnon-dominated sorting is proposed to solve flexible job-shop scheduling problem. Makespan and machine maximum load are chosen as objective function to establish multi-objective optimization model. Real encoding and plug-in decoding are used to transform chromosomes and scheduling schemes. NSGA-Ⅱnon-dominated sorting with elite reserved strategy is designed to improve search efficiency, and different strategies for selection, cross and mutation are adopted. The feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm are verified by simulation and results from comparison with other algorithms.
A Review of the Research on Aeroelasticity in Aero Turbomachinery
Authors: Fang Li Cheng , Li Shun Ming
Published: March 2013

Aeroelasticity in the form of blade flutter is a major concern for designers in the field of turbomachinery. This paper presents a review of the research and development on blade flutter modeling, including the unsteady aerodynamic model, the structural model and flutter prediction methods. Based on the presentation of these models, the fundamental mechanism and effects of different treatments are discussed. At the end of paper, some deficiencies in the research of flutter and difficulties in modeling fluid-solid coupling effects are pointed out, to which attention should be paid in future.
Beam Assisted Deposition Film for Improving Fretting Fatigue Resistance of Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V Alloy at Elevated Temperature
Authors: Tian Wei , Zhang Xiao Hua
Published: March 2013

Ion-beam-assisted deposition (IBAD) was investigated as a potential way to increase the fretting fatigue resistance of Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V alloy at elevated temperature. Three coating systems, hard TiN film, Al film and Cu/Ni multilayer films have been applied on the base material. Coefficients of friction and fretting fatigue lives of the specimens with and without film were compared. The results indicate that the IBAD technique can prepare all films with high bonding strength and excellent lubricating properties. The fretting fatigue life of the Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V alloy with the TiN film was improved by a factor of 2.4 as compared to the uncoated substrate at elevated temperature because of the excellent wear and fatigue resistance and good toughness of the film. The IBAD Al film significantly improved the fretting fatigue resistance of the Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V alloy at elevated temperature for good lubricating property. The fretting fatigue resistance of the Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V alloy was improved by all the Cu/Ni multilayer films. However, the fretting fatigue resistance did not increase monotonically with the modulation period of the films.
An Approach to Determining the Decomposition Level for Wavelet De-Nosing Based on Gamma Test
Authors: Wang Yang , Chen Yan Yan
Published: March 2013

The wavelet de-noising approach is one of the most efficient techniques for noise reduction. Except for the mathematical elegancy in its theoretical aspect, a successful application requires appropriate determination on the decomposition level. This paper proposes a novel approach to selecting an appropriate decomposition level by applying the Gamma test on the noisy data to estimate the noise variance. A number of experiments were carried out on a set of smooth signals corrupted by white Gaussian noise to verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach and a set of traffic flow data was used to demonstrate the application of the proposed approach on the real-world de-nosing task. The experimental results indicate that the proposed approach is effective to determine the decomposition level.
The IOT Technologies based Medical Equipment SCM in the Hospital
Authors: Cao Shi Hua , Zhou Tao Yi
Published: March 2013

The management of medical equipment supply chain is the important part of process management of the diagnosis in hospital. At present, our enterprise supply chain management of medical equipment is still in its infancy with poor operational efficiency, backward information system and low-level management. The technology of the Internet of Things based bar code technology and mobile terminal technology is the feasible and economical solution on hospital supply chain management. In this paper, it discusses problems of the medical equipment supply chain management and analyzes the possibility of medical equipment supply chain management by the Internet of Things, it constructs the model of supply chain management system based on Internet of things and introduces its application process and implementation.
Static Loadabilty Assessment Using Covariance Matrix Adapted Evolution Strategy
Authors: Alamelu S. , Baskar S. , Babulal C.K. , Jeyadevi S.
Published: March 2013

This paper discusses application of Covariance Matrix Adapted Evolution Strategy (CMAES) algorithm for maximizing loadability margin of power system. CMAES is a class of continuous evolutionary algorithm that generates new population members by sampling from a probability distribution that is constructed during the optimization process. IEEE 14 bus , 30 bus and 118 bus systems are considered for simulation purpose. For comparison of the results, primal dual interior point (PDIP), continuation power flow (CPF), Particle swarm optimization algorithms are considered. Statistical performance of CMAES algorithm reveals that even the mean value of maximum loadability is better than maximum loadability obtained in other methods. Even though CMAES takes higher computation time due to the determination of covariance matrix, only this algorithm gives maximum loadability margin.
The Methods to Achieve of Virtual Storage Technology and its Applications
Authors: Niu Yi Xi , Lu Dong Xin , Zou Lin Qi , Qin Yuan Bo
Published: March 2013

With the continuous development of computer network technology, The data on the network is becoming more and more huge, Storage systems have become more and more important. This article briefly describes the concept of virtual storage technology, made a simple analysis of The methods to achieve of virtual storage technology, finally, analysis of the application of virtual storage technology to discuss about the reality.
A Method for Obtaining Chaos-Based S-Box via a PWLCM
Authors: Su Bai Yun , Xu Gang , Zhao Geng , Liao Yang
Published: March 2013

This paper presented a method for obtaining cryptographically strong substitution box (S-box) based on piecewise linear chaotic map (PWLCM). The cryptographical properties were analyzed , such as bijection, nonlinearity, strict avalanche, output bits independence and equiprobable input/output XOR distribution. The results of numerical analysis show that all the criteria for designing good S-box can be satisfied approximately and the proposed cryptosystem is a highly reliable system suitable for secure network communication.
The Development of a Logging Signal Converter between PCM and DTB
Authors: Luo Ming Zhang , Xiong Xiao Dong , Wu Ai Ping
Published: March 2013

A logging signal converter between PCM and DTB introduced in this paper , through which the PCM data transmission format of the well logging instrument can be matched with the EILOG05 logging system. The development of converter based on the scheme of FPGA for DTB bus timing control and SCM for software coding and decoding, which has been proved feasible by the experiments of Russian HIL matching with EILOG05 logging system.
Inductance Parameter Simulation Analysis and Measurement of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors
Authors: Jiang Xin Tong , Wang Bin , Li Wei Kai , Zhu Hong Wei
Published: March 2013

Inductance is an important parameter of PMSM due to its direct impact on the dynamic performance, especially on the precise control of the system. In this paper, an improved calculation method for the incremental inductance of motor winding is adopted, and a data processing technique is presented. Nonlinear incremental inductance of the motor winding was tested with the dynamic hysteresis loop method. The validity of the parameters FEM simulation results was confirmed by the measuring method. Accordingly, a mathematical model of nonlinear incremental inductance of SPMSM was built which provides a practical gist to determine uncertainty range of inductance parameter.
Synthesis and Photoelectric Properties of a Novel Polymerizable Perylene Diimide Electron Acceptor Material
Authors: Yi Si Li , Xu Qing
Published: March 2013

A novel polymerizable perylene diimide electron acceptor 1,7-bis(N,N-bis(4-methoxy phenyl)aniline)-N-(3-(2-ethylhexoxy)propylamide)-N-hexyl-perylene diimide acrylate (PDA) have been synthesized, and the chemical structures are conﬁrmed by 1H NMR and FT-IR. The PDA shows broad absorption bands in 400–850 nm, and the optical bandgap is calculated to be 1.45 eV. Cyclic voltammetry results conﬁrm that PDA display a couple of reversible redox peaks, the LUMO and HOMO levels of PDA were calculated as -3.82 eV and -5.16 eV, respectively.
Applying Back-Propagation Neural Network for Estimating the Slump of Concrete
Authors: Kao Chin Ming , Chen Li , Kou Chang Huan , Ma Shih Wei
Published: March 2013

This paper proposes the back-propagation neural network (BPN) and applies it to estimate the slump of high-performance concrete (HPC). It is known that HPC is a highly complex material whose behaviour is difficult to model, especially for slump. To estimate the slump, it is a nonlinear function of the content of all concrete ingredients, including cement, fly ash, blast furnace slag, water, superplasticizer, and coarse and fine aggregate. Therefore, slump estimation is set as a function of the content of these seven concrete ingredients and additional four important ratios. The results show that BPN obtains a more accurate mathematical equation through learning procedures which outperforms the traditional multiple linear regression analysis (RA), with lower estimating errors for predicting the HPC slump.
Effect of Temperature on Structure of Outer Fe Oxide Layer of Fe-2.2Si Alloy
Authors: Liu Xiao Jiang , Cao Guang Ming , He Yong Quan , Jia Tao , Liu Zhen Yu
Published: March 2013

Red scale is the main surface defect of hot-rolled silicon steel plate due to the formation of fayalite. Studies have been done on high temperature oxidation of Fe-Si alloy, but effect of temperature on structure of outer Fe oxide layer is not fully discussed. Thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) was used to simulate isothermal 60-min oxidation process of Fe-2.2Si alloy under air condition at 700°C-1200°C. Cross-sectional scale morphology and elemental distribution of the oxide layer were investigated by electron probe microanalysis (EPMA). It is found that in order to observe internal oxide precipitates clearly it is helpful that the sample is etched with nitric acid solution in alcohol firstly and then etched with hydrochloric acid solution in alcohol. At 700°C-1150°C outer Fe oxide layer is mostly composed of Fe2O3 and at 1200°C it consists of FeO + Fe3O4 + Fe2O3 + mixture of FeO/Fe2SiO4.
Preparation and Characterization of Graphene/RTV Silicone Rubber Composites
Authors: Dong Jian , Wang Peng Hui , Sun Dao Bao , Xu Yu Liang , Li Ke Peng
Published: March 2013

In this article we report the preparation of a graphene/room temperature vulcanized (RTV) silicone rubber composite. Both the morphology and the properties of the composite were investigated in detail. SEM study shows that the composite has a microphase-separated structure. PDMS is the continuous phase, and the randomly distributed graphene nanosheets and a few aggregates are the dispersed phase. However, DSC curves of the composites have only one glass transition temperature (Tg). With the increases of the graphene content, Tg increases and Tm decreases. Mechanical properties tests show that the addition of graphene has a significant reinforcement effect on silicone rubber. The tensile strength is 0.37MPa with graphene mass fraction at 1.0%, which increases 76% compared with that of pure silicone rubber parallel sample.
High Temperature Oxidation Behaviour of AlCuTiFeNiCr High-Entropy Alloy
Authors: Jiang Ji Chao , Luo Xiu Yan
Published: March 2013

The oxidation behaviour of AlCuTiFeNiCr high-entropy alloy with was studied at 850 oC in atmosphere. The oxide layer of long-term oxidation behavior were examined using optical, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) with the aid of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The oxidation kinetics follows a parabolic rate law. The oxidation rate decreases gradually as the oxidation proceeds.
Preparation and Corrosion Resistance of Cu-Based Bulk Glassy Alloys
Authors: Cao Peng Jun , Dong Ji Ling , Wu Hai Dong , Fan Pei Geng
Published: March 2013

The Cu-based bulk glassy alloys in Cu-Zr-Ti-Ni systems were prepared by means of copper mold casting. The structure and corrosion resistance of Cu-based bulk glassy alloys were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), electrochemistry method, lost weight method. The result indicates the supercooled liquid temperature interval (ΔTx) is up to 70.98 K for Cu50Zr25Ti15Ni10 bulk glassy alloy. The maximum diameter was up to 5.0 mm for the Cu55Zr25Ti15Ni5 bulk glassy alloy. For electrochemistry corrosion in 3.5% NaCl solution, self-corrosion electric current density of the Cu50Zr25Ti15Ni10 bulk glassy alloys is obviously lower than that of stainless steel and brass, so corrosion resistance of Cu-based bulk glassy alloys is better than stainless steel and brass at the same corrosion condition. The lost weight method showed that the corrosion rate of brass, stainless steel and glassy alloy is respectively 10.08 g/(m2•h), 6.08 g/(m2•h) and 2.19 g/(m2•h) in the 3% NaCl solution, which also indicates that the corrosion resistance of Cu-based bulk glassy alloys is better than stainless steel and brass. The Cu-based bulk glassy alloys can be used in the special field demanding to have the super high strength, hardness and corrosion resistance.
Research on Material Erosion Mechanisms of High Si-Al Alloy by Micro-EDM
Authors: Hu Fu Qiang , Sun Jian Fei , Wei Jun Qi , Zhang Yong , Jia Yan Dong , Zhao Yue Rui , Liu Ting Yi
Published: March 2013

This paper researches the material erosion mechanisms of high silicon- aluminum (Si-Al) alloy in micro electrical discharge machining (Micro-EDM). By using Quanta 200F environment scanning electron microscope, the microstructure of Al-50wt%Si alloy by spray forming was observed. And a simplified model of high Si-Al alloy was set up. The Al-50wt%Si alloy was machined by using copper electrode and tungsten electrode respectively. And the differences of surface morphologies and element energy spectrum were compared. The process and the material erosion mechanisms of high Si-Al alloy in Micro-EDM were analyzed in detail. The results may provide theoretical basis for Micro-EDM of high Si-Al alloy.
The Influence of Combined Admixture of Super-Fine Limestone Powder and Low-Quality Fly Ash on the Performance of Cement Mortar
Authors: Xu Guo Qiang , You Zhi Guo , Gao Lin , Han Dian Li
Published: March 2013

The influence of admixture of super-fine limestone powder and low-quality fly ash in different proportions on the fluidity and strength of cement mortar is studied. The test results show that the mortar fluidity increases with the increase of the super-fine limestone powder (the mixing amount of fly ash reduces), and the strength of cement mortar can improve when limestone powder and low-quality fly ash are combined admixed to a certain ratio. The maximum flexural strength of the 28d mortar is 9.8MPa and its maximum compressive strength is 42.2MPa, and at this time, the limestone powder accounts for 33.3% of the mineral admixtures. However, when the mixing amount of super-fine limestone powder is over a certain range, the strength of 28d cement mortar will reduce.