bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Furman and Finitude
Authors: Thurschwell Adam
Published: January 2019

This chapter argues that the United States Supreme Court’s death penalty jurisprudence provides an unlikely supplement to Derrida’s analysis, one that both supports and extends it. This jurisprudence recapitulates with remarkable fidelity the aporetic relationship of law and justice Derrida proposed in “Force of Law,” and thus allows Derrida’s death penalty seminar to be situated within his other writings on law. Beyond that, the Supreme Court’s crypto-Derridian analysis suggests a response to Derrida’s desire for an abolitionism that breaks with the death penalty’s “invincible phantasm,” even while remaining under shadow of that phantasm.
An Abolitionism Worthy of the Name
Authors: Guenther Lisa
Published: January 2019

In Derrida’s lectures on the death penalty, the United States figures as “both exemplary and exceptional." Derrida acknowledges the racist structure of state violence in the United States, but he does not develop a critical analysis of race or racism. Drawing on the work of incarcerated intellectual Mumia Abu-Jamal, critical race theorists Cheryl Harris and Angela Davis, and contemporary prison abolitionists, this chapter argues that racism is an issue, not only in the particular context of the United States, but also for the logic of the death penalty that Derrida proposes to deconstruct. Derrida’s own account of indemnity, interest, and condemnation is incomplete without a supplementary analysis of black civil death and the construction of whiteness as property. In conclusion, this chapter argues that an abolitionism worthy of the name would have to move beyond the death penalty, towards the (im)possible project of prison abolition and the abolition of white supremacy.
Inner Animalities
Authors: Meyer Eric Daryl
Published: January 2019

Inner Animalities analyses the human-animal distinction as a discursive theme running ubiquitously through Christian theological anthropology. Arguing that historically pervasive disavowals of human animality create ineradicable contradictions within accounts of human life and also install an anti-ecological impulse at the heart of Christian theology, this project constructively imagines a theological anthropology centered upon human commonality with fellow creatures. This constructive work perceives divine grace at work in human instincts, desires, and enmeshment in quotidian relations (rather than in rationality, language, and transcendence). The broadest arc of the book’s argument is that only a thickly articulated self-understanding rooted in creaturely commonality can provide an adequate basis for responding to ongoing ecological degradation. The conjunction of Critical Animal Studies with constructive theology in this study, then, aims to generate a new approach to ecological theology. The book’s analysis places ancient Christians such as Gregory of Nyssa and Gregory of Nazianzus along with contemporary theologians such as Karl Rahner and Wolfhart Pannenberg in critical conversation with theorists of human-animal relations from Jacques Derrida and Kelly Oliver to Valerie Plumwood and Giorgio Agamben.
The Problem of Human Animality in Contemporary Theological Anthropology
Authors: Meyer Eric Daryl
Published: January 2019

After demonstrating the tensions and contradictions that surround the problem of human animality in fourth-century theological anthropology, this chapter demonstrates that although twentieth century theological anthropology utilizes a different vocabulary, it is nevertheless structured around the same basic conceptual problem—and is no less conflicted than its ancient counterpart. A survey of eleven theologians demonstrates a rough consensus around the idea that a fundamental “openness to God” distinguishes human beings from other animals categorically. Subsequently, the chapter analyzes the work of Karl Rahner and Wolfhart Pannenberg to demonstrate the particular tensions and contradictions that human animality generates in contemporary theological anthropology.
Toward a Moral Hyperrealism
Authors: Coccia Emanuele , Gemma Marissa
Published: January 2019

This chapter discusses what it calls the “moral hyperrealism” of advertising and the ways in which advertising affects our ethical sensibility as well as the transformation of our moral universe within which our happiness and moral perfection are determined by our relationship to things and things qua commodities. It first considers the exponential growth of reflexive kinds of knowledge as a distinctive feature of late modernity before explaining why advertising is a particular form of morality. It then examines the claim by sociologists and philosophers that advertising feeds excesses and illusions and creates pathologies. It suggests that advertising has captured the moral sensibility of contemporary man better than other discourses or theories and that it has the status and the dignity of a public moral discourse whose focus is on things—viewed as the primordial incarnation of the good.
Two Trauma Communities: A Philosophical Archaeology of Cultural and Clinical Trauma Theories
Authors: Nicola Vincenzo Di
Published: January 2019

While the goal of both clinical work and cultural research generally is the transformation and transcendence of trauma, these communities struggle to characterize trauma as a unified discourse even within one discipline. This chapter makes three proposals that provide order for the concept of trauma through conceptual dichotomies that divide their discourses: first, the term has accrued a supplementarity or excess, which helps explain the variation between the clinical use of trauma and its cultural avatar; second, theorists must separate the ways the word trauma deployed within the trauma process; third, trauma must be separated radically from Event, which is the subtext of a cultural trauma theory. This philosophical archaeology offers keys of translation between these competing cultural and psychiatric trauma theories, calls to deactivate the desubjectivation associated with trauma, and opens new prospects for interdisciplinary research in these intersecting fields based on the possibilities of the Event.
Traumatized by Transcendence: My Other’s Keeper
Authors: Orange Donna
Published: January 2019

Tempting as it might seem to relate trauma and transcendence as inviting us to study resiliency or survivorship, a radical ethics takes us elsewhere. With Cain’s contemptuous taunt ringing in our first-world, privileged ears, and with climate scientists warning that we are blindly consuming our way to self-destruction, we must begin to think and respond other-wise. Persons must allow themselves to be traumatized, persecuted, taken hostage by the starvation and homelessness of others. Transcendence in this sense calls out to us like the prophets of old, to care for the widow, the orphan, and the stranger, to take on our responsibility for all. In conversation with Levinas’ insight that we are responsible for all, this chapter illustrates how their radical ethics, and its profound exit from egoism and entitlement, are indispensable for facing up to double challenges of the climate emergency and continuing racial and colonial injustices.
The Unsettling of Perception: Levinas and the Anarchic Trauma
Authors: Severson Eric
Published: January 2019

Levinas utilizes the term “trauma” to refer to the pre-original unsettling of the auto-identification of the ego, a project that takes center stage in his final masterwork, Otherwise than Being. This chapter begins with some deliberations concerning the use of the term “trauma” to refer to this unsettling, particularly in light of contemporary psychological and medical uses of that term. Building from Plato’s Allegory of the Cave and Heidegger’s work on unconcealment, it argues that whereas for Heidegger and Plato trauma occurs through unconcealment of sensation, for Levinas trauma occurs as an interruption of sensation’s appropriation into perception itself. The chapter focuses principally on the event itself, the encounter with the other, which at times he calls “inspiration” instead of trauma, and the way this event occurs in a time-before-time that initiates the very possibility of responsibility.
Perpetrator Trauma and Collective Guilt: My Lai
Authors: Eyerman Ronald
Published: January 2019

Among other atrocities of the American war in Vietnam, the My Lai Massacre stands out as a clear illustration of the social pressure to individualize guilt and restrict any attempt to collectivize responsibility. With special attention to the traumatic character of this event, this chapter introduces and develops the notion of perpetrator trauma, which I define as a moral injury. I claim that perpetrator trauma occurs when individuals and collectives feel they have acted in ways contrary to deeply held moral beliefs. The essay contends that this encounter is rightly described as a trauma, in that it results from or in the shattering of identity, individual and/or collective. The mass murder of Vietnamese civilians at My Lai was cause for great public debate in the United States, wherein the idea of collective guilt and responsibility was central. I show way the attempt to responsibility was unsuccessful.
Translating Rights
Authors: Narkunas J. Paul
Published: January 2019

This chapter describes how English and French as the de jure languages of human rights at the International Criminal Court. As a result, populations who do not adhere to Western Enlightenment notions of rights can be declared terrorists or “enemies of humankind.” By tracing the workings of translation in the ICC through the Thomas Lubanga trial, the author discusses how translation can deny human status to those brought before the ICC. It also provides, however, the means to challenge the legitimacy of the court as merely another sign of universalizing western justice, solidified by the fact that all people brought before the ICC come from the continent of Africa. By focusing on how language produces reality, the creation of natural rights claims allow for new forms of political protection in the chasm between differing legal orders. Consequently, thinking the role of translation as metaphor and practice for world making and the production of agency is an inchoate form of political aesthetics. Translation may offer, thus, a way to reconceive the human and its attendant rights due to language’s role in world making, subject production, and power relations. This indicates a form of ahuman agency.
Serum Aspartic Acid ‎as a Marker of Epilepsy
Authors: AlGawwam Gheyath , Mnaather Asaad Adil , Al-Mahdawi Akram , Fawzi Hayder A. , Shareef Laith G. ‎
Published: January 2019

OBJECTIVE: Determine the ‎diagnostic validity of serum aspartic acid as a predictor of epilepsy.

STUDY DESIGN & METHODOLOGY: This study enrolled 80 epileptic patients and 80 healthy people, and we measure serum level of ‎aspartic acid by using high liquid performance chromatography.

RESULTS: Mean serum aspartic acid ‎was significantly higher in patients (26.2 ± 10.1) mg\dl while in control was (2.8 ± 1.36) mg\dl, ‎the result showed that aspartic acid is an excellent predictor area under the curve [AUC] (95%CI) = ‎‎0.988 (0.97 – 1.0) with 96.3% sensitivity and 97.5% specificity for epileptic patients. Also, the ‎result shows generalized seizure has significantly higher mean serum aspartic acid compared to ‎partial type and GTC show significantly higher mean serum aspartic acid compared to ‎myoclonus.

CONCLUSION: Aspartic acid serum level markedly elevated in epileptic patients ‎groups in comparison to the healthy group, also shows a marked difference between generalized ‎and partial epilepsy and show different levels between subtypes of epilepsy.‎
Quality of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Due to Grafting in Solanaceae of Different Species
Authors: Vieira João Lucas Moraes , Hanada Rogério Eiji
Published: January 2019

The present work had as objective to evaluate the physical-chemical characteristics of commercial tomato fruits grafted on different solanaceous species. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, in a randomized complete block design, with four blocks and six treatments, being the rootstocks: cocona (Solanum sessiliflorum); two cultivars of eggplant (Solanum aethiopicum), Long Light Green and Big Hill; jurubebão (Solanum lycocarpum) and jurubeba juna (Solanum stramonifolium), grafted with the tomato cultivar Santa Cruz Kada, and the control treatment was represented by the self-grafted tomato. Three consecutive harvests were spaced seven days after the production stabilization, and the characteristics fruits analyzed were Total Soluble Solids (ºBrix), pH, Titratable Acidity (percentage of citric acid) and TSS/TA. A statistically significant difference was found in the Tukey’s test at 5% probability in the titratable acidity, pH and fruit pulp flavor, among the evaluated treatments, while the soluble solids content did not differ between treatments in any of the harvests, but the values remained within the considered adequate for the tomato in natura in the current literature. There was a decrease in fruit flavor in all treatments, and fruit pH drop in all treatments with the exception of jurubebão, with the advancement of plant age, while the titratable acidity had an inverse behavior. The evaluated rootstocks can be used in the tomato crop, without prejudice to the quality of the tomato fruit produced.
Effect of Insulator on Thermal Comfort in Poultry House in the Western Region of the State of Paraná
Authors: Maino Suélen C. , Siqueira J. A. C. , Souza S. N. M. De , Mukai H. , Silva R. G. R. Da , Nogueira C. E. C. , Santos J. A. A. Dos , Bastiani M. De , Marques C. A. , Zanella J. , Seabra Júnior E. , Pozzo D. M. Dal , Toscan A. F.
Published: January 2019

This work was carried out with the objective of evaluating effect of different insulation considering two poultry houses. Two dark house type, located in the western region of the State of Paraná, Brazil were analyzed. The poultry house A1 is characterized with trapezoidal aluzinc cover on the upper side interspersed with a layer of polyurethane and aluminized film on the underside, while the poultry house A2 has cover of aluzinc with black tarpaulin. A thermo-hygrometer was used to measure the temperature and relative humidity of the indoor and outdoor air, and a thermal imager was used to collect the surface temperature data of the birds. In this way, it was possible to evaluate the effect of different insulation of poultry houses on birds. Finally, was concluded that the poultry house A1 provided temperature and relative humidity and temperature of the birds closer to those considered as ideal in the literature.
Growth of Spondias tuberosa Irrigated With Saline Water
Authors: Matos F. S. , Freitas I. A. S. , Pereira V. L. G. , Borges L. P. , Pires W. K. L. , Souza M. C. H. , Lima G. H. F. de , Amorim V. A.
Published: January 2019

Spondias tuberosa is a fruit tree species and its production is exploited by extractivism. The expansion of the planted area may be favored by using irrigation with saline water. Thus the objective of the present study was to assess the initial growth of S. tuberosa plants irrigated with saline water. The study was carried out in 12 L pots containing substrate composed of oxisol, sand and manure at 3:1:0.5. Respectively, in a greenhouse at the State University of Goiás, Campus Ipameri, Brazil. A completely randomized design was used with five treatments and six replications consisting of S. tuberosa plants irrigated with water with electric conductivity of 0 dS m-1; 2 dS m-1; 4 dS m-1; 6 dS m-1 and 8 dS m-1 for 40 days. The growth of the S. tuberosa plants was significantly affected by the salinity of the irrigation water. The plants did not show visible symptoms of toxicity but the saline conditions were enough to reduce the start of new leaves and growth as a whole. The expressive effect of salinity on dehydration of S. tuberosa plants, manifested by the low relative water content, transpiration and accentuated leaf fall, indicated that using saline water on S. tuberosa plants at the initial growth stage may result in significant delay in development and may influence the adult plant.
Brugmansia suaveolens Leaf Productivity and Alkaloid Contents Under Different Doses of Organic Fertilizer
Authors: Reis Rafael B. , Bragagnolo Felipe S. , Gianeti Thiago M. R. , Rodrigues Sérgio A. , Funari Cristiano S. , Gonçalves Gabriela G. , Ming Lin C.
Published: January 2019

According to the World Health Organization, the use of mineral fertilizers and pesticides should be avoided in the cultivation of medicinal plants due to their potential antagonistic actions. Brugmansia spp. is a perennial bush native to South America, but it is also cultivated in Europe, Central America, and Asia due to its ornamental characteristics. Aerial parts of this plant are used in ethnomedicine to alleviate ulcers and pain, as well as to treat abscesses, fungal infection of the skin, and dermatitis. Tropane alkaloids scopolamine and atropine are recognized as active principles of this plant. This study evaluated the applicability of organic agricultural techniques in the cultivation of Brugmansia suaveolens. The influence of different dosages (0-60 tons/ha) of organic fertilizer on the mass productivity of plant shoot as well as their atropine and scopolamine contents were investigated. The average dry matter of leaves (26.54±5.12-55.41±12.85 g) and stems (26.73±8.51-58.60±17.62 g) per plant increased with increasingly availability of organic fertilizer (0-60 ton/ha). The same behavior was observed when the contents of the active tropane alkaloids scopolamine (0.72±0.03-0.86±0.13 mg/g) and atropine (0.79±0.03-0.96±0.11 mg/g) were monitored by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometer. Overall, the treatment at the maximum level tested in this work (60 ton/ha) should be preferred over the other treatments. B. suaveolens could be a potential source of tropane alkaloids for the community of Botucatu city, which is a leading city in Brazil for the cultivation of food products under organic, biodynamic, and agroecology premises.
Qualitative and Quantitative Evaluation Protocol of Baccharis Seed Germination
Authors: Moreno-Pizani María Alejandra , Farias-Ramirez Asdrubal Jesus , Santos Hugo Thaner dos , Novembre Ana Dionisia da Luz Coelho , Guevara-Orozco Lorena Isabel , Paredes-Trejo Franklin , Marin Fábio Ricardo , Dias Nildo da Silva , Marques Patricia Angélica Alves
Published: January 2019

Baccharis trimera (Less.) DC (E1) and Baccharis crispa Spreng. (E2) possess potential antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. Qualitative and quantitative information on seed germination on these species is scarce. The objective of this investigation was to establish a protocol for evaluating seed germination of E1 and E2 and to analice the scoring and curve fitting by the Germinator package, for different periods of germination were between 0.93 and 0.99. Both species showed differences in germinability and mean germination time, 27 days for E1 and 20 days for E2. The germination dispersion showed that E1 germination was homogeneous, with differences in growth pattern, whereas the results on germination of E2. The mean speed of germination determined with the experimental data was close to the values obtained by the Germinator package, with a maximum germination of more than 34%, proving that the software was efficient for evaluating germination.
Non-invasive Physiological Approaches for Plant Phenotyping: Rice Responses to Heat Stress
Authors: Brito Giovani Greigh de , Moraes Ítalo Lucas de , Moura Diogo Silva , Fagundes Paulo Ricardo Reis , Campos Angela Diniz , Andres André , Parfit José Maria Barbat , Panozzo Luís Eduardo , Deuner Sidnei
Published: January 2019

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) can be negatively impacted by supraoptimum temperatures (above 33 °C) during initial reproductive phase (R3-R5); development and adoption of approaches via non-invasive physiological phenotyping can lead to help build new plant types to face the current extreme climatic events such as future forecasts. For this purpose, screening process was designed to progressively decrease the genotypes number via non-invasive phenotyping approaches; beyond to allow the increase of phenotyping dimensionality degree across tiers. In a first-tier (in 2015-2016 growth season), phenotyping procedures involved measurements of dossel temperatures via thermography imaging in a set of 182 accessions of subspecies Indica, Japonica and Indica/Japonica cross from Embrapa’s Rice Breeding, which were cultivated in two sowing dates. About 30% (55) of the initial genotypes number which showed the lower canopy temperatures were selected based on results of multivariate analyses. In a second-tier (2016-2017 crop season), a second field trial was conducted, using polythene shelters structures aiming ensure the heat stress imposing during the critical phases of plant development; during this period, an effective photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II (YII) performance was monitored across set of genotypes. Data obtained are highlighted and discussed allowing suggest appointments about the usability/bottlenecks of thermography as suitable tool for phenotyping in a large scale manner; beside highlight the importance of some physiological responses as part of the basis of rice heat tolerance. Concluding, the LTB 14031 and BRS Pampa genotypes outperformed the set of evaluated genotypes across sowing dates and years relative to their physiological and grain yield components variables; these genotypes are integrating cross-breeding aiming to construct new plants ideotype which can associate higher grain yield performance when grown under non-stressed conditions and capable to maintain great yield stability under hard environments.
Geographical Indication and Regional Development: Cause or Consequence
Authors: Malacarne Alan , Silva Liaria Nunes da , Vieira Camila Souza , Macedo Ricardo Fontes , Malacarne Andreia , Monte Washington Sales do , De-Bortoli Robelius
Published: January 2019

The Geographical Indication is an instrument of protection to products and services that have intrinsic value. The cities of Bento Gonçalves, Flores da Cunha, Monte Belo do Sul, Farroupilha, Paraty, Urussanga, Salinas and Abaíra are highlights in the Brazilian agricultural sector. These regions have territorial demarcations with a Geographical Indication certification, where the producers live in the same region and can sell their own products with this seal of quality. An analysis has as a starting point the following study problem: Is the success of the implementation of a Geographical Indication linked to the development of the region? The results showed that only the Gross Domestic Product per capita is not sufficient to prove a record of Geographic Indication was actually implemented successfully in a certain region or not, however it can be observed that in the developed regions the trend is much higher.
Variation of Water Availability in Initial Development of Safflower
Authors: Cruz Nayara F. F. da S. , Júnior Luiz A. Zanão , Santos Reginaldo F. , Tokura Luciene K. , Nascimento Laís F. J. do , Siqueira Jair A. C. , Alovisi Alessandra M. T. , Cruz Luzia A. da S. , Castanhari Lorenzo C. M. , Otake Maisa Y. F. , Polinarski Marcos A. , Chang Pablo , Silveira Vander F. , Schuster Bruna S.
Published: January 2019

The availability of water is one of the most important factors for the development of the seeds. Thus, studies related to adequate humidity for germination, emergence and early development of safflowers, is necessary for the productive use of this culture. Thus, the objective of study was to evaluate the initial development of two varieties of seeds of Safflowers (IAPAR and IMA2103) in six levels of water availability in substrate: 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50%. At 15 days the seedling emergence were evaluate. At 30 days were evaluate plant height, root length, stem diameter, number of leaves, fresh weight of the aerial part and root, dry weight of shoot and root. The treatment without irrigation, there was decrease the emergence, emergence speed for both genotypes. Treatments above 30% of water availability in the two varieties presented emergency superior to 50%. Lower irrigation rates favored root length and dry mass.
Determination of Antioxidant Content and Capacity of Four Jordanian Fresh Citrus Fruits
Authors: Al-Sayyed H. F. , Al-Kurd R. A. , Mwalla M. M. , Abdel Qader S. M.
Published: January 2019

Citrus fruits are considered one of the most grown crops worldwide including Jordan with high nutritive and non-nutritive value. The consumption of foods that contain natural antioxidants is thought to be an efficient way for reducing the risk for oxidative stress diseases. Determination of antioxidant content and capacity allows the screening of plants that are probably involved in the prevention and/or treatment of oxidative stress diseases. This study aimed at comparing four fresh Jordanian citrus fruits (namely: orange, lemon, pomelo, and mandarin) for their antioxidant content (using two methods namely: Folin-Ciocaltaeu method and total flavonoids method) and capacity (using two methods namely: 2,2-diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and cupric antioxidant reducing capacity (CUPRAC) assays). Three solvents were used for the fruit extraction (ethanol, methanol, and water). There were significant (P < 0.05) differences between the fruits in terms of antioxidant content and capacity. Regardless of the extraction solvent, the fruit content of total polyphenols (M catechin/100 g) was as follows: lemon > mandarin > pomelo > orange. The total flavonoid content (mM rutin/100 g) of the fruits was: orange > mandarin > lemon > pomelo. On the other hand, the antioxidant capacity (M trolox/100 g) of the fruits was: lemon > mandarin > orange > pomelo. The antioxidant capacity (measured as mg vitamin C/ml extract) of the fruits was: mandarin > orange > pomelo > lemon. Different extracts of different fruits showed significantly (P < 0.05) different antioxidant contents and capacities. No correlation between antioxidant content and antioxidant capacity of the studied fruits has been found.
Evaluating the Phoenix dactylifera L. Biochemical Changes Associated With Its Maturation
Authors: Alqarni Saad , Bazzi Mohammad D.
Published: January 2019

The present study explains the maturation stage of the Sukkari and Hilwa along with the associated biochemical changes. A total of 10 different samples were studied of the Sukkari and Hilwa dates in total, in which each represents different maturation stage. The outcomes of the study showed that the changes were emerging due to the proteins and enzymes present in dates. The study showed that the date fruit goes through different biochemical changes with its maturation, which can assist in the expansion of the date fruit cultivation.
Assessment of the validity of dog ownership fee in the communes of the Silesian Voivodeship in the light of the authors’ own research
Authors: Mrowiec Paweł , Fuchs Katarzyna
Published: January 2019

Effective implementation of pro bono tasks by local government units may be carried out only if they obtain the necessary income. One of the types of own revenue of local government units on communal level (LGUs) is the dog ownership fee which generally constitutes a very low share in the total income of the commune. At the same time the enforcement of this fee, due to a large number of personal exemptions, requires disproportionate expenditure in relation to the income earned. The purpose of the paper is to verify the legitimacy of maintaining a fee on owning a dog in the communes of the Silesian Voivodeship in the light of the authors’ own research regarding the year 2016. The conducted research indicated that none of the communes of the Silesian Voivodship achieved the income from dog ownership higher than 0.5% of the total income. The effectiveness of the enforcement of fees on dog ownership was analysed in detail, as well as the percentage comparison of dog fee income with other sources of own income. The paper consists of theoretical and empirical part and presents the essence of financial independence of the commune in the context of imposed taxes and local fees.
Beyond the Water’s Edge
Authors: Howard Adam M.
Published: January 2019

Conventional wisdom has posited that the 1948 presidential election was a critical element in President Truman’s decision to recognize Israel in May of that year. In that calculation, the presumption is that Truman desired Jewish votes and campaign contributions. This chapter expands on this element as it demonstrates how the Liberal Party of New York State played a pivotal role in Truman’s calculations. He needed New York’s 47 electoral votes, and the state included many groups from the New Deal coalition who could be natural allies. However, the Republican candidate, Thomas Dewey, was the state’s governor and had support among some of the New Deal constituents. Therefore, Truman needed an organization with the resources and structure to mobilize support for him, and the Liberal Party, founded and led by American labor leaders, fit the bill. To ensure Liberal Party support as well as American labor and Jewish support generally, Truman took two crucial actions in 1948; he vetoed the anti-labor Taft-Hartley bill and recognized Israel. The latter led to a big endorsement from the Liberal Party, culminating in an October rally at Madison Square Garden. Ultimately, Truman lost New York in the election, but his effort to win it focused on American labor support, which was centralized in the Liberal Party.
Recognition and Beyond
Authors: Howard Adam M.
Published: January 2019

With the founding of Israel in May 1948, the American labor movement rejoiced. However, it maintained steady pressure on the Truman administration to allow for weapons sales to Israel and to ensure a multi-million dollar U.S. government loan to Israel. In a remarkable sign of AFL and CIO cooperation, AFL President William Green and CIO President Philip Murray visited President Truman in the White House in 1950 to make their case for U.S. support of Israel. Also during the early 1950s, the ILGWU led an effort to fund affordable housing for Israeli workers through the Amun-Israel Housing Coporation. This effort marked the culmination of the American labor movement’s central role in the building of Israel’s infrastructure.
Olatunde Osunsanmi and Living the Transatlantic Apocalypse
Authors: de Vita Alexis Brooks
Published: January 2019

This chapter explores Nigerian American Olatunde Osunsanmi’s commercially successful film The Fourth Kind as African sf immersing the audience in an empathic experience of the Transatlantic Human Trade as described in Olaudah Equiano’s Interesting Narrative, and alien invasion and colonization as depicted in Okot p’Bitek’s Song of Lawino. Analysis includes excavation of traditional pre-Christian Ifá symbolism in the film, such as the use of the owl to represent the quest for wisdom and humility of the god/dess Obatala, and situates Osunsanmi’s experiential achievement in relation to the legacy of H. G. Wells’s War of the Worlds.
Introduction
Authors: Clark Walter Aaron
Published: January 2019

This takes us to the Romero home in Del Mar, California, to introduce us to the main characters in this saga: Pepe and his wife, Carissa; Celin and his partner, Claudia; and Angel and his wife, Nefy, as well as several talented American-born Romeros. Angel’s son Lito and Celin’s son Celino perform in the Quartet, while Pepe’s son, Pepe Jr., and his grandson Bernardo are internationally acclaimed guitar makers. The Introduction continues with an overview of the author’s relationship with the family, the book’s genesis, editorial notes, and acknowledgements.
Seville and Adiós
Authors: Clark Walter Aaron
Published: January 2019

After making the acquaintance of an American couple from Santa Barbara vacationing in Málaga, the family resolved to move to the U.S., by way of Seville. Celedonio’s career had hit a sort of glass ceiling in Spain, and he sought a wider field of opportunity. With the financial and logistical assistance of the Stoddards, as well as of Gen. José Lecea, a lover of the guitar, the Romeros used Seville as a base of operations in planning this transition, making money from concerts and arranging the necessary connections. By 1957, they were ready to leave for New York and ultimately California, on a flight from Lisbon.
Americanizing the Ozarks
Authors: Blevins Brooks
Published: January 2019

Chapter 3 charts the massive wave of Anglo-American settlement that populated the region between the War of 1812 and the Civil War. The majority of these settlers came from Appalachia and the greater Upland South – from places like East and Middle Tennessee, eastern Kentucky, and western and Piedmont North Carolina – and brought with them folkways that blended European customs and Native American practices. This chapter questions the popular notion of the Ozarks as a haven for the Scots-Irish and suggests instead the ethnic diversity that lay behind white settlement in the region. In addition, chapter 3 chronicles the views of early travelers in the Ozarks and the seeds of the backwoods image that would come to characterize the region.
Migrants and Political Change in Latin America
Authors: Jiménez Luis F.
Published: January 2019

In Migrants and Political Change in Latin America, Luis Jiménez looks at how migrants are changing the politics of their country of origin. It argues that migrants can do this in three distinct ways: through social remittances, economic remittances, and the presence of return migrants. In the first case, they can alter political outcomes in their country of origin as they channel ideas that are different than those present at home. In the second case, they can influence how their compatriots, who never left, behave in an indirect manner through the channeling of resources. This is because wealth, as well as education (which itself has an indirect effect on how people behave politically), is associated with higher political participation. Finally, return migrants combine these two aspects, but their physical presence both expands and limits how it manifests itself in the country of origin. All migrants have the potential to influence the politics of their country of origin, but how and when this occurs depends on several critical aspects: the size and density of the diaspora’s social networks and the specific social context of the migrants’ homeland in terms of both political structure and broader local circumstances. This text tests this theory in three cases—Mexico, Colombia, and Ecuador. The author selected these countries carefully because of the size and type of diaspora, the place individuals opted to migrate to, and the different types of political structure. The book finds that migration contributed to an increase in political participation and electoral competitiveness, including the specific individuals that became President among other various political outcomes.
What Have the Historians Ever Done for Us?
Authors: Glock Hans-Johann
Published: January 2019

This chapter discusses the relationship between substantive philosophy and the history of philosophy, using the debate about analytic philosophy’s attitude towards the history of the subject as a guide to a more general assessment of historicism. While studying the past is not essential to substantive philosophy, it is useful. But it also harbours risks, as pointed out by thinkers as diverse as Kant, Schopenhauer, Nietzsche and Wittgenstein. These risks are discussed by looking at four recent historicist trends within analytic philosophy: precursorism, the general ‘reflective turn’ towards the history of philosophy, the more specific ‘historical turn’ towards the history of analytic philosophy, and the self-reflective concern with the historiography of analytic philosophy. The chatper conclude that the benefits of doing philosophy historically outweigh the drawbacks; in any event, even if the history of philosophy were irrelevant to substantive philosophy it would still be a respectable discipline.
Clocks, horses, trains: the aural space-time complex in the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries
Authors: Halliday Sam
Published: January 2019

This essay considers time’s relationship with space in the experience of sound, as depicted in a range of texts from 1875-1948. Though some of these texts view time and space as incommensurable―most notably, Henri Bergson’s Time and Free Will, whose criticism of “spatialised” time is a touchstone throughout the essay―the majority consider the two categories as cognate, and as pragmatically, if not ontologically inseparable. Each of the three objects named in the essay’s title appear as yielding knowledge, though of a kind dependent on what Bergson (in his early work at least) considers, paradoxically, to be founded upon misperception. Aside from Bergson himself, the essay considers fiction by Faulkner, Proust, Patrick Hamilton, and Olaf Stapledon; poetry by Wallace Stevens; the psychology of William James; the physiology of John Hughlings Jackson; and the musical aesthetics of Edmund Gurney and Vernon Lee.
The cinematic soundscape: conceptualising the use of sound in Indian films
Authors: Chattopadhyay Budhaditya
Published: January 2019

This article examines the trajectories of sound practice in Indian cinema and conceptualises the use of sound since the advent of talkies. By studying and analysing a number of sound- films from different technological phases of direct recording, magnetic recording and present- day digital recording, the article proposes three corresponding models that are developed on the basis of observations on the use of sound in Indian cinema. These models take their point of departure in specific phases of technological transitions and intend to highlight characteristics defining the sound aesthetics that emerges from these different phases of sound practice. The models furthermore seek to frame the aesthetics within theoretical frameworks of sound studies in general. The argument developed following the observations is that, through different phases of cinematic sound practice, Indian films have been primarily shifting the relationship between audio and visual from a merely vococentric contract to a creative realm of sound, in which audience engagement with the moving image is increasingly instigated by the spatial reordering of environmental sound or ambience. I term this arrangement of sound ‘The Cinematic Soundscape’, which is crafted by digital technologies such as ‘sync’ recording and multi-track sound design, emphasising a cognitive theoretical premise in cinematic sound studies.
Urban sound design – can we talk about it?
Authors: Hällgren Nina
Published: January 2019

This article intends to critically discuss noise-mapping as the predominant method for evalu- ation, communication and maintenance of urban acoustic space, as performed in a majority of urban spatial practices today. Discussing the common strategy for handling environmental sounds raises specific questions: How is it possible to extend the current way of managing urban acoustic space, and why should we do that? How can the integration of quantitative and qualitative methods for analysing urban acoustic space act as a complement to existing methods? Interdisciplinary strategies are required which directly focus upon the perspective and needs of design practitioners in architecture and urban planning. The article will also present an example of such an explorative strategy within the scope of the PhD project Urban Sound Design – methods for qualitative sound analysis, a practice-based project within the field of artistic research.
Mobile Music Listening – an aesthetic and aestheticizing practice
Authors: Gram Nina
Published: January 2019

How are we to conceptualize the experiences of mobile music listeners as they move through the city listening to a private soundtrack? The phenomenon has been described as an aestheticization of urban space (Bull, 2002, 2005, 2007; Hosokawa 1984 a.o.), and this perspective seems to focus on the listeners’ wish to alter and manipulate the impression of the surroundings. This article, however, explores and re-thinks how the terms aestheticization and aesthetic experience may be used to describe the specific relationship between the listener and the surroundings, which is established through the act of listening. To support this focus and claim I refer amongst others to Morten Kyndrup’s thoughts on the aesthetic relation (Kyndrup, 2008a) and Mikel Dufrenne’s theory on the aesthetic object as a perceived object (Dufrenne, 1973, 2001).
Music, Sound and Space. Transformations of Public and Private Experience
Authors: Thibaud Jean-Paul
Published: January 2019

Book review: Music, Sound and Space. Transformations of Public and Private Experience Edited by Georgina Born, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013, 358 p.
The Poetics of Combinatory Cinema: David Jhave Johnston interviews Roderick Coover and Scott Rettberg
Authors: Coover Roderick , Johnston David Jhave , Rettberg Scott
Published: January 2019

For the past several years filmmaker Roderick Coover and fiction writer Scott Rettberg have collaborated on a series of film and digital media projects that address climate change, environmental catastrophe, cross-cultural communication and combinatory poetics. Working between Philadelphia, USA, where Coover directs the graduate programme in Film and Media Arts at Temple University, and Bergen, Norway, where Rettberg is Professor of Digital Culture at the University of Bergen. Their projects, including The Last Volcano, Rats and Cats, Three Rails Live (with Nick Montfort) and Toxi•City, deal thematically with contemporary and past moments of environmental change and human loss, and formally with interdisciplinary practice and combinatory poetics. Coover and Rettberg were interviewed by digital poet and experimental filmmaker David Jhave Johnston, Assistant Professor in the School of Creative Media at City University of Hong Kong.
Polyaesthetic sights and sounds: media aesthetics in The Fantastic Flying Books of Mr. Morris Lessmore, Upgrade Soul and The Vampyre of Time and Memory
Authors: Engberg Maria
Published: January 2019

This article explores the notion of polyaesthetics as a contemporary media condition that relates to questions of production, reception and analysis of media objects. Primarily, the paper is concerned with understanding the aesthetics of digital media works that remediate existing genres of creative practice and ultimately move towards creating new digital media forms that are conditional and provisional.The three digital works that the article analyses – The Fantastic Flying Books of Mr. Morris Lessmore, Upgrade Soul and The Vampyre of Time and Memory – exemplify contemporary strategies and changing patterns of creation, distribution and reception evidenced in how we create, read, listen to, engage with, play and understand contemporary digital works.
Design and evaluation of an interactive music system for exercise and physical activity with Alzheimer’s patients
Authors: Rosseland Rune B.
Published: January 2019

Elderly people are encouraged to exercise regularly to maintain good health and avoid or slow down the progression of age-related health challenges such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Despite this, many seniors struggle to find the motivation to adhere to exercise programmes over time. In this qualitative, research-through-design study an interactive music system was tested with AD patients. The purpose was to explore how dynamically adapting musical beat and rhythm can be used to stimulate and motivate physical activity. The system changes the tempo of a piece of music to match the pace of repetitive bodily movements. Findings show that most participants were able to entrain and synchronise to each other’s movements through use of the system. Several participants also commented that they enjoyed the experience. Finally, the addition of an interface with nature photos and visual performance and progress indicators suggested possible ways for the system to be redesigned to suit the needs and desires of the participants.
Performing poetry slam and listening closely to slam poetry
Authors: Schweppenhäuser Jakob , Pedersen Birgitte Stougaard
Published: January 2019

The article addresses poetry slam as an example of an oral turn captured in contemporary poetry practices that seems to extend the landscape of literary arts (Gioia, 2003). We investigate poetry slam as a phenomenon that mediates between at least two quite different (audio) language cultures – namely the contemporary Western literary poetry reading and a literary network, on the one side, and, on the other side, the rap battle connected to hip hop culture (other genres, such as e.g. stand-up comedy, could also have been drawn into the discussion, but in order to clarify our argument we have chosen to keep focus on the two mentioned). The article builds on a generalised perspective negotiating poetry slam as an aesthetic and cul- tural phenomenon in between hip hop culture and literary culture, but it also includes a close reading/listening aspect deriving from a speci c example, namely a performance by the 2012 poetry slam world champion Harry Baker. Positioning poetry slam in between literary culture and more popular cultural forms has previously been addressed by for instance Jeremy Kaye (2006) discussing the relationship between academic and popular aspects of poetry slam, Helen Gregory (2009) studying poetry slam in terms of interactions between avant-garde and established art worlds and Kathleen Crown (2001) pointing to poetry slams as subscribing to both popular and literary/poetry-based cultural influences.
Something that speaks
Authors: Søchting Rune
Published: January 2019

Taking as its starting point the notion of schizophonia, this paper considers the effects of mediation of the voice. Schizophonia was intended to denote a state of experienced confusion that followed from a distortion of the spatiotemporal conditions of experience caused by media technology. The article asks how these effects are to be considered in a situation characterised by a ubiquitous presence of mediation. Based on these considerations the paper presents an analysis of the work Blanche-Neige Lucie by the French artist Pierre Huyghe. Huyghe’s work has explored the often blurred line between fiction and reality and how different accounts of reality intertwine in our experience and memory. In Blanche-Neige Lucie Huyghe explores the voice in relation to the format of film, particularly the figure of dubbing, and how the medial conditions allow for a certain confusion with regard to the questions of identity and memory.
Placing voice meetings through vocal strolls – Toddlers in resonance with public space
Authors: Eriksson Christine , Sand Monica
Published: January 2019

In early childhood education voice metaphors are often used to describe children’s participation, development or efforts to make themselves heard. This article aims to study the ways in which vocal metaphors take place in material and physical events in the Brunkeberg Tunnel (a pedestrian tunnel) in Stockholm, Sweden. Together with preschool toddlers we have developed ‘vocal strolls’ as a research method for early childhood research, where voice as an event takes place in, with and through resonance, rhythms, routines and refrains. To be able to discuss what vocal strolls consist of and what they may offer the toddlers as well as early childhood education we have developed new concepts. These concepts, voice meetings, voice orientations, voice rooms and vocal memory, take into account a relational and spatial way to compose voice, which may be utilised as a didactic method for amplifying voice as a phenomena among preschool toddlers.