bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Confirmatory Evaluation of the Modified Medical Research Council Questionnaire for Assessment of Dyspnea in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Portugal
Authors: Ribeiro Soraia , Cardoso Carlos Seiça , Valério Margarida , Machado João , Costa José , Rodrigues Cidália , Rebelo-Marques Alexandre
Published: April 2021

Introduction: The Modified British Medical Research Council Questionnaire is considered an adequate and simple measure of breathlessness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It is widely used in clinical practice in Portugal, but it still lacks confirmatory evaluation for the Portuguese setting. The aim of this study was to perform a cultural adaptation and validation of the Modified British Medical Research Council Questionnaire so that its most suitable version can be made available to researchers and clinicians in Portugal.Material and Methods: We performed a cross-sectional descriptive study involving patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease aged 40 years or older. We applied the Modified British Medical Research Council Questionnaire and the previously validated Portuguese-language version of the clinical questionnaire for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease between January and June 2019. We determined the agreement between the two questionnaires with kappa agreement, with a 95% confidence interval, and we used Spearman correlation to find a correlation between two scores.Results: The study included 65 patients managed in a hospital pulmonology clinic (aged 68 ± 7 years; with predicted FEV1 of 49.86% ± 16.5%). The Modified British Medical Research Council scale correlated significantly with all the domains and the overall score of the clinical questionnaire for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (0.46 < r < 0.68; p < 0.001). In bilingual patients, interclass correlation coefficient was 0.912 (p < 0.001).Conclusion: The Portuguese version of the Modified British Medical Research Council Questionnaire is a valid instrument for measurement of breathlessness in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
I hope they don't get forgotten. A descriptive corpus-based approach to get-passives with verbs of cognition in English
Authors: González Romero Luisa
Published: April 2021

It is widely held in the literature that English get-passives are only found with dynamic predicates, stative verbs being excluded from it. However, based on an extensive corpus-based analysis of occurrences with the verbs forget, know, remember, understand and believe, this article shows that the get-passive with stative verbs of cognition, although infrequent, does occur in English. The so-called cognitive get-passive is then examined in relation to the formal, semantic and pragmatic properties commonly claimed to define central get-passives with dynamic verbs. The analysis reveals, on the one hand, that these features are not equally relevant in the characterisation of these sentences and, on the other, that there exist strong interconnections between them and the lexical properties of the verbs analysed.
Sobre la subordinación con "para + infinitivo" en español actual
Authors: Pato Enrique
Published: April 2021

This work describes a particular type of substantive clause: “para + infinitive”, where the infinitive has a [+posteriority] value and para is admitted as a subordinator. The work presents the relationships it share with final clauses and questions the relevance of the theory of language contact (Guaraní and Portuguese) as the only explanatory factor. To do this, it show that it is not an exclusive phenomenon of the variety of Paraguayan Spanish, nor of bilingual speakers, since it is registered in other areas (Peru, Uruguay, Venezuela, but also Mexico, Ecuador and Argentina). It is proposed that some varieties tend to fix the synthetic subparameter (subordinate with subjunctive [+Flex]) and other varieties use the analytic one (subordinate with infinitive [-Flex]). In these cases, the infinitive is understood as a verbal mode, and para assigns nominative case or an optional mark.
Supplementation of Fermented Moringa Leaf Powder (Moringa oleifera) on Feed Consumption, Egg Weight and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) in Laying Duck
Authors: Pramestya Ninda Rubi , Hidanah Sri , Lamid Mirni , Soepranianondo Koesnoto , Lokapirnasari Widya Paramita , Al-Arif Mohammad Anam , Soeharsono Soeharsono
Published: April 2021

This study aimed to determine the effect of the addition of fermented moringa leaf powder on feed consumption, egg weight, Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) of laying ducks. 60 laying ducks were randomized into four treatments i.e. (P0) 0% Moringa leaf powder fermentation, (P1) 0.5% Moringa leaf powder fermentation, (P2) 1% Moringa leaf powder fermentation, and (P3) 1.5% Moringa leaf fermentation. Treatment of concentration refered in 100% commercial feed for 3 weeks. The results showed that the adding of Moringa leaf powder fermentation to feed consumption in each treatment showed significantly different results (p <0.05) in each treatment, with the highest consumption at P2 (176.21 ± 0.92) and the lowest at P0 (158.21 ± 1.07). The results of the study on duck egg weight showed that P1, P2, P3 were significantly different with P0. The highest egg weight in P2 is (70.50 ± 0.34) and the lowest is P0 (66.98a ± 0.29). FCR of laying duck in each treatment showed significantly different results in each treatment, with the highest at P0 (3,81± 0,34) and the lowest at P2 (3,27 ± 0,09). In conclusion, the addition of 1% Moringa leaf powder in 100% of commercial feed can increase feed consumption, increase egg weight and decrease FCR.
COVID-19 containment measures of the Government of Kenya: Impact on food security and farmers’ socio-economic life
Authors: Kinuthia Karen Mwende , Susanti Emy
Published: April 2021

Agriculture is the backbone of Kenya’s economy. The majority of the population earn their living through agricultural activities, large-scale and small-scale farming. This study seeks to reveal how the government’s COVID-19 containment measures have affected the agricultural sector and their impact on farmers’ lifestyle changes. This study employed qualitative research methods, with primary and secondary data sources, and conducted in-depth interviews with 12 farmers and agricultural producers of Gatanga Sub-county in Murang’a County, Kenya. This study shows that the farmers experienced economic shocks owing to the fluctuated farm gate prices and projected resource scarcity. In contrast, their lifestyle changed due to income decrease and adjustment of commodity priorities and socio-demographic factors. The severity of COVID-19 impact on agriculture in the Gatanga Sub-County has been doubled by crop destruction, planting delays, and heavy rains that influence scarcity of food commodities. The study recommends other research to evaluate alternative solutions to supply the county’s food outputs other than those already in co-operatives, like tea, coffee, milk, and avocados. Moreover, perhaps the question for other future researchers should now be directed toward the vulnerable families’ daily consumptions to fulfill their food needs.
The symbolic meaning of Lulo dance: Tolaki tribe culture as communication medium
Authors: Narwasty Mega Alma , Wiloso Pamerdi Giri , Sasongko Gatot
Published: April 2021

Indonesia consists of various ethnic groups; the traditions and culture of each are different and have meaning. One of them is the Lulo dance from Southeast Sulawesi, which provides meaning and benefits to its supporters. This study aims to describe the Lulo dance movements’ meaning in the culture of the Tolaki tribe and its use as a traditional communication medium in maintaining harmonious and peaceful relations amid Indonesian society’s situations with so many different. This research used qualitative methods with descriptive analysis. The symbols of dance movements are analyzed with Barthes’s semiotic theory through two stages of signification to get Lulo dance’s meaning. Based on this study’s results, the symbolic messages conveyed in this dance have a meaning that identifies unity, harmony, and mutual respect for differences. The message is packed with movements displayed in dance performance: the hands hold each other, the movements of the hands and feet, and the formation in a circle. Lulo dance, which is also called social dance, can be followed by everyone without exception. Therefore, this dance can strengthen the relationships between every human being. The Lulo dance performance is one of Southeast Sulawesi traditions used to achieve a harmonious and peaceful social life.
Analysis of Avicennia Sp. Plants Herbivory and Associated Insects in Mangrove Ecosystem Restoration
Authors: Kadarsah Anang
Published: April 2021

Herbivory is a natural mechanisms for adjustment of tree growth, form, survivorship, and reproductive output of forest ecology including in mangrove ecosystem. The purpose of this study was to compare herbivory and insect diversity in various growth stages of Avicennia Sp. related with restoration of mangrove ecosystem. The research was carried out four months (July-October 2020) in Pagatan Besar mangrove ecosystem in Tanah Laut District, South Kalimantan Province. The results showed that marginal pattern is the most leaf attack case, both in every plant growth stages (39-68%) and canopy (53-58%) of Avicennia Sp. The highest average of leaf damage was found in lower canopy (3.06%), and the growth stage of seedling (3.62%).  Herbivory most often found at lower canopy (3.17%) and seedling life stages (3.76%) of Avicennia Sp.  It was found about 13 species of insects in all growth stages of Avicennia Sp. with the highest Biodiversity Index found in seedling (0.753).  Insects function on all life stages of Avicennia Sp. was dominated by predator.
Not just shrivelling: time-series profiling of the biochemical changes in Corvina (Vitis vinifera L.) berries subjected to post-harvest withering
Authors: Degu Asfaw , Wong Darren C. J. , Ciman Gian Maria , Lonardi Francesco , Mattivi Fulvio , Fait Aaron
Published: April 2021

The grape berry withering process is often seen as a means to concentrate the constituents of the berry via water removal, however, recent molecular studies have indicated that the reprogramming of biosynthetic pathways that impart the unique aroma and flavour of the final wine also occur. Metabolic analysis was performed using GC-MS and LC-MS on Corvina berry dehydrated for up to 108 days. The temporal pattern of metabolic changes and time-series relationship between various classes of metabolites were investigated on berries sampled at 23-time points. Principal component analysis of both GC-MS and LC-MS datasets revealed three distinct phases of post-harvest withering; early (day 0–28), mid (day 35–66) and late (day 69–108) stages. Stress-associated amino acids such as proline, serine, ethanolamine, and leucine accumulated significantly during the mid and late stages of the drying process while phosphorylated glucose and fructose, sucrose, kestose and resveratrol increased massively across time. Unlike most of the identified metabolites, low molecular weight flavanols exhibited a consistent pattern of decline during the withering period. Our network analysis revealed that increased metabolic network connectivity occurred during the middle stage of withering, thus reflecting more coordinated metabolite changes while reduced network connectivity at early and late stages indicates minimal metabolite perturbation during these stages. The current prolonged berry withering experiment revealed the timing of metabolite interconversions in the central metabolism and provided critical clues that link the concentration effect, protein degradation, and the onset of stress-like conditions in drying berries.
Coolification and Language Vitality: The Case of Esperanto
Authors: Gobbo Federico
Published: April 2021

while enjoying a relative positive revival in the digital age, Esperanto and the assessment of its language vitality is often problematic and prone to gross errors, and therefore a theoretical re-flection is required. Unlike other lesser-used languages, Esperanto is intergenerationally trans-mitted mainly outside the family, and so Fishman’s GIDS and subsequent scales such as the EGIDS cannot be applied straightforwardly for language vitality diagnosis and estimation. In particular, it is the social movement with its language activists who guarantee its vitality and developing, for more than a century. A key aspect is the digital domain, where the relatively good positioning of Esperanto does not reflect in a parallel increase in the number of activists. This paper critically assesses the digital language vitality of Esperanto on the basis of its language ide-ology and other sociolinguistic data as a starting point for a discussion to overcome the limits of Blanke’s (2006) scale of language vitality of Esperanto and its rivals. This assessment eventually leads to a more general reflection on the role of ‘coolification’, i.e., the positive effects on language attitudes and development thanks to digital visibility, its limits and the issue of placing it in the context of language vitality in general.
Оbtaining Oligoesters by Directed Glycolytic Destruction of Polyethylene Terephthalate Waste
Authors: Kirshanov Kirill , Gervald Alexander , Toms Roman
Published: April 2021

In this work, oligoesters with terminal hydroxyl groups were obtained by directed glycolytic degradation of polyethylene terephthalate. The possibility of obtaining bifunctional reactive oligomers with an average molecular weight of 865 g mol-1 by directed glycolytic destruction via a dissolution-degradation strategy in dimethyl sulfoxide at a low concentration of ethylene glycol (32.3 mass parts per 100 mass parts of polyethylene terephthalate) was shown. This process allows us to partially solve the urgent problem of recycling post-consumer polyethylene terephthalate.
Convoluted Stock Market: Using Convolution Operation for Stock Market Prediction
Authors: Alparslan Yigit , Kim Edward
Published: April 2021

Many studies in the current literature annotate patterns in stock prices and use computer vision models to learn and recognize these patterns from stock price-action chart images. Additionally, current literature also use Long Short-Term Memory Networks to predict prices from continuous dollar amount data. In this study, we combine the two techniques. We annotate the consolidation breakouts for a given stock price data, and we use continuous stock price data to predict consolidation breakouts. Unlike computer vision models that look at the image of a stock price action, we explore using the convolution operation on raw dollar values to predict consolidation breakouts under a supervised learning problem setting. Unlike LSTMs that predict stock prices given continuous stock data, we use the continuous stock data to classify a given price window as breakout or not. Finally, we do a regularization study to see the effect of L1, L2, and Elastic Net regularization. We hope that combining regression and classification shed more light on stock market prediction studies.
Overview of Adverse Events Associated With Anti-CD19 Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy
Authors: Vorozheikina Ekaterina , Ruiz Magdalena , Solari Maria Leticia , Ostasevich Dmitry , Mendoza Luis
Published: April 2021

Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells represent a novel immunotherapy that has shown remarkable success in the treatment of adult relapsed or refractory (R/R) B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, adult R/R mantle cell lymphoma, and R/R acute paediatric lymphoblastic leukaemia. One barrier to the widespread use of CAR T-cell therapy is toxicity, primarily cytokine release syndrome (CRS) with a variable grade of severity. The main manifestations of CRS are fever, hypotension, cytopenia, organ dysfunction among others. Neurological toxicities vary widely and range from headaches to encephalopathy. In addition, anti-CD19 CAR T-cell therapy provokes an array of less frequent events, such as coagulopathies, delayed cytopenia, and cardiovascular toxicities. In general, toxicities are usually reversible and resolve on their own in most cases, though severe cases may require intensive care and immunosuppressive therapy. Deaths due to CRS, neurologic toxicity and infectious complications have been reported, which highlights the gravity of these syndromes and the critical nature of appropriate intervention. In this paper, we look at all available FDA- and EMA-approved information about the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, risk factor reviews of existing toxicity grading systems, current management strategies, and guidelines for anti-CD19 CAR T-cell toxicities. We also present new approaches, which are under investigation, to mitigate these adverse events.
Examining the Role of the Noradrenergic Locus Coeruleus for Predicting Attention and Brain Maintenance in Healthy Old Age, Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease: An MRI Structural Study On the Adni Cohort
Authors: Plini Emanuele Raffaele Giuliano , O'Hanlon Erik , Boyle Rory , Sibilia Francesca , Rikhye Gaia , Kenney Joanne , Whelan Robert , Melnychuk Michael Christopher , Robertson Ian Hamilton , Dockree Paul Michael
Published: April 2021

The Noradrenergic Theory of Cognitive Reserve (Robertson, 2013-2014) postulates that the up-regulation of the Locus Coeruleus - Noradrenergic System (LC-NA) originating in the brainstem might facilitate cortical networks involved in attention, and protracted activation of this system throughout the lifespan may enhance cognitive stimulation contributing to Reserve. To test this theory, a study was conducted on a sample of 686 participants (395 Controls, 156 Mild Cognitive Impairment, 135 Alzheimer’s Disease) investigating the relationship between LC vol-ume, attentional performance and a biological index of brain maintenance (BrainPAD – a measure which compares an individual’s structural brain health, reflected by their voxel-wise grey matter density, to the state typically expected at that individual’s age). Further analyses were carried out on reserve indices including education and occupational attainment. Volumetric variation across groups was also explored. Control analyses on the Serotoninergic (5-HT), Dopaminergic (DA) and Cholinergic (Ach) systems were contrasted with the Noradrenergic hypothesis. Results showed that LC volume disproportionately predicted higher attentional performance as well as biological brain maintenance the three groups. These findings lend support to the role of the noradrenergic system as a key mediator underpinning the neuropsychology of Reserve, and they suggest that early prevention strategies focused on upregulation of the noradrenergic system (e.g. attention training, physical exercise and pharmacological intervention) may yield important clin-ical benefits to mitigate cognitive impairment with age and disease.
Enhancements on Cognitive Performance and Academic Achievement in Adolescents Through the Hybridization of an Instructional Model With Gamification in Physical Education
Authors: Melero-Cañas David , Morales-Baños Vicente , Ardoy Daniel N. , Valero-Valenzuela Alfonso , Manzano-Sánchez David
Published: April 2021

This study examined the effect of an educational hybrid physical education (PE) intervention on cognitive performance and academic achievement in adolescents. A 9-month group-randomized controlled trial was conducted in 150 participants (age: 14.63 ± 1.38) allocated into control group (CG, n = 37) and experimental group (EG, n = 113). Inhibition, verbal fluency, planning and academic achievement were assessed. Significant differences were observed in the post-test for cognitive inhibition, verbal fluency in animals, and the average from verbal fluency in favour of the EG. With regard to the intervention, verbal fluency in animals, verbal fluency in vegetables, the average of verbal fluency, cognitive inhibition, language, the average of all subjects, the average of all subjects except PE, and the average from the core subjects) increased significantly in the EG. The last five variables (the academic ones and cognitive inhibition) also increased in the CG, in addition to mathematics. This study contributes to the knowledge by suggesting that both methodologies produced improvements in the measured variables, but the use of a hybrid program based on TPSR and gamification strategies produce improvements in cognitive performance, specifically through the cognitive inhibition and verbal fluency.
Dairy By-Products: A Review on the Valorization of Whey and Second Cheese Whey
Authors: Pires Arona Figueroa , Marnotes Natalí Garcia , Rubio Olga Díaz , Garcia Angel Cobos , Pereira Carlos Dias
Published: April 2021

The search for new food products that promote consumers health has always been of great interest. The dairy industry is perhaps the best example regarding the emergence of new products with claimed health benefits. Cheese whey (CW), the by-product resulting from cheese production, and second cheese whey (SCW), which is the by-product of whey cheese manufacture, have proven to be potential ingredients for the development of food products with improved nutritional characteristics and other functionalities. Nowadays, due to their nutritional quality, whey products have gained a prominent position among healthy food products. However, for long, CW and SCW were usually treated as waste or as animal feed. Due to their high organic content, these by-products can cause serious environmental problems if discarded without appropriate treatment. Small and medium size dairy companies do not have equipment and structure to process whey and second cheese whey. In these cases, generally, they are used for animal feed or discarded without an appropriate treatment, being the cause of several constraints. There are several studies regarding CW valorization and there is a wide range of whey products in the market. However, in the case of SCW remains a lack of studies regarding its nutritional and functional properties, as well as ways to reuse this by-product in order to create economic value and reduce environmental impacts associated to its disposal.
Conditional Loss of Engrailed 1/2 in Rhombic Lip-Derived Neurons Increases Intrinsic Rhythmicity and Decreases Overall Variability of Eupneic Respiration
Authors:   ,   University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Taylor Angela
Published: April 2021

Evidence for a cerebellar role during cardiopulmonary challenges has long been established, but investigation into cerebellar involvement in eupneic breathing has been inconclusive. Given the view of the cerebellum (CRB) as a temporally coordinating structure, any investigation into the CRB during respiration must evaluate rhythm and variability of the respiratory sequence. In this study, we chose an elegant model of cerebellar neuropathology, Atoh1-En1/2 CKO, where mutant animals have conditional loss of the developmental patterning gene Engrailed 1/2 in rhombic lip-lineage neurons and exhibit a proportional scaling-down of neuron number in hypoplastic lobules of the CRB. We utilized whole-body unrestrained plethysmography to measure respiration during eupnea, and evaluated the respiratory sequence of mutant animals and their control littermates using the average rate, the coefficient of variation (CV), and a unique measure of intrinsic rhythmicity called CV2. Linear regression analyses revealed that mutant animals had decreased overall variability and increased intrinsic rhythmicity (as measured by CV and CV2, respectively) compared to their control littermates, but we found no effect of strain on average respiratory rate. Analysis also revealed modestly decreased respiratory rates, increased CV, and increased CV2 in female animals, independent of strain. These results align well with previously reported studies and add new insight into CRB involvement in eupneic respiratory rhythmicity. Although not investigated in this study, future works should consider the coordination of breathing, licking, swallowing, and whisking in order to build a more complete understanding of the relationship between the CRB and respiration.
Efektivitas Minyak Cengkeh, Nimba dan Kemiri Sunan, serta Ekstrak Babadotan Terhadap Penyakit Karat Daun Kopi (Hemileia vastatrix)
Authors: Taufiq Efi , Indriati Gusti , Harni Rita , Pranowo Dibyo
Published: April 2021

Leaf rust disease (Hemileia vastatrix) is commonly controlled using synthetic fungicides.  Plant oils and extracts are expected to reduce the pathogen. The research aimed to determine the effectiveness of clove, Reutealis trisperma, and neem oils, and Ageratum conyzoides extract against H. vastatrix. The study was conducted in the laboratory and greenhouse of the Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute and smallholder coffee plantation in Garut, West Java, from January to December 2018. The A. conyzoides were extracted in the laboratories.  Plant oils and extract's effectiveness was tested in vitro against the germination of urediniospore and in a greenhouse to inhibit disease development. The in vitro experiment were evaluated the eight concentrations of extract and oil were:  0 (steril water), 250, 500, 1000,  1500, 3000, and 5000 ppm. Whereas, in the greenhouse experiments used three concentrations of 1000, 2500, and 5000 ppm of the extract and oil, and 2000 ppm of Mankozeb (positive control). The greenhouse test was carried out on Arabica coffee plants, completely randomized design and five replications.  The number of spots, disease intensity, and plant growth were examined periodically. The results showed that all of the the extract and oil inhibited the urediniospores germination, and the most effective concentrations were 500 ppm, 3000 ppm, and 5000 ppm. A. conyzoides extract, and clove oil effectively suppressed the infection of H. vastatrix by 75.99% and 64.00%, respectively, and comparable to the synthetic fungicide (68.00%).
Pengujian Umur Simpan Kopi Arabika Bubuk Pada Jenis Kemasan dan Suhu Simpan Yang Berbeda
Authors: Tarigan Elsera Br , Wardiana Edi , Supriadi Handi
Published: April 2021

Coffee is a beverage that is widely consumed around the world. Proper packaging and storage temperature may extend shelf life of ground coffee. The study aimed to analyze the shelf life of ground Arabica coffee stored in different packaging types and temperature, conducted at smallholder coffee plantations in Garut Regency and the Integrated Laboratory of Indonesian Industrial and Beverage Crops Research Institute, Sukabumi, from June to August 2018. A completely randomized design in factorial was used with 3 factors and 2 replications. The first factor was the packaging type  which consisted of 3 types: thick alumunium  foil 65m (AF65), thick alumunium  foil 130m (AF130), and thick lamination 114m (L144). The second factor was the storage temperature which consisted of 3 levels: 25 oC, 35 oC, and 45 oC, while the third factor was the storage period which consisted of 5 levels: coffee unstored, and coffee stored for 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 6 weeks, and 8 weeks. The variables observed were the water and fat content, and the analysis of shelf life was carried out using the ASLT (Accelerated Shelf Life Test) method. The results showed that during storage, the water content increased, whereas the fat content decreased. Fat content is a critical variable in determining the shelf life of coffee. The coffee in AF130 packaging has longer shelf life than in AF65 and L144. To extend the shelf life of coffee packaged in AF130 and L144 is best kept at 45 oC whereas coffee in AF65 packaging  is ideally at 25 oC.
TRADE CREATION AND TRADE DIVERSION EFFECTS: THE CASE OF THE ASEAN PLUS SIX FREE TRADE AREA
Authors: Handoyo Rossanto Dwi , Sugiharti Lilik , Padilla Miguel Angel Esquivias
Published: April 2021

This study examines whether trade agreements promoted under the ASEAN+6 over the period 2007-2017 supported trade creation and/or trade diversion effects within three export product groups, namely, manufactured goods, primary products, and natural resources-based goods. Using a gravity model, we note that primary products offer pure trade creation (greater intra-bloc and extra-bloc trade). Manufactured products experienced trade creation in intra-bloc and extrabloc exports, while natural resources-based goods show trade creation in intraregional exports and trade creation in imports from extra-bloc.
Determining the Slip Rate and Earthquake Recurrence Interval on the Tip of a Foreberg in the Gobi-Altai, Mongolia
Authors: Lee C.H. , Seong Y.B. , Oh J.-S.
Published: April 2021

––The Gobi-Altai, Mongolia, includes high mountain ranges that have accommodated the compressional stresses derived from the collision between the Eurasian and Indian Plates. The Gurvan Bogd, which is one of the main mountain ranges in the Gobi-Altai, is a restraining bend along the Bogd sinistral fault. Although surface ruptures did not form near the Artz Bogd during the Mw = 8.1 Gobi-Altai earthquake of 1957, it is still active, as evidenced by a growing topography (i.e., forebergs). Six foreberg ridges have formed in the foreland of the Artz Bogd, which are considered to be the result of surface deformation of alluvial fans due to thrusting. One stream has cut down to expose a foreberg tip, providing the opportunity to explore the slip evolution of the region. Here we map a growing fault structure related to blind thrusting. We identify five faulting events from an analysis of the outcrop and apply optically stimulated luminescence dating to the faulted sedimentary layers, yielding an average slip rate of 0.045 ± 0.007 m/kyr and an earthquake recurrence interval of 5.8 ± 0.5 kyr over the last ~32 kyr. Furthermore, the long-term (~600 kyr) uplift rate of the foreberg is 0.067 ± 0.007 m/kyr, as deduced by dividing the vertical displacement of the alluvial fan surface by the 10Be surface exposure ages of boulders on the fan. The discrepancy (20–30%) between these two deformation rates may be due to the different timescales they cover and an along-strike gradient in slip rate.
Student Behavior In Utilization Internet Of Library Based On Information
Authors: Santoso Aprih
Published: April 2021

The research objective is to examine the effect of social factors on intention and their impact on student behavior in utilization internet of library as an information media. The method used is the survey method by distributing questionnaires. The research data obtained is based on the perception student of Universitas Semarang students on the utilization internet of library carried out by the Universitas Semarang Library as a student information media, with 95 respondents. The research method uses validity test, reliability test, and classic assumption test, hypothesis test, multiple linear regression model (path analysis) with SPSS 23 program.The results of testing social factors directly and indirectly through the intention in using internet of library do not effect on student behavior in utilization internet of library carried out by Universitas Semarang students as their information media
Efektivitas Sistem Temu Kembali Informasi Online Public Catalog (OPAC) Dengan Tinjauan Precision Menggunakan Pendekatan Judul Dan Subjek Di Perpustakaan Universitas Muhammadiyah Bengkulu
Authors: Kartina Linda , Purwaka Purwaka , Samosir Fransiska Timoria
Published: April 2021

Library as a centre for information resources is the backbone of the progress of an educational institution. Imbalance between the use of information retrieval system facilities advance search and a quick search of the catalogue are very  common in a search. This study was aimed to know and to describe how the precision of information retrieval system by using title field and subject on OPAC (Online Public Access Catalog) ) at Muhammaddiyah University Library of Bengkulu is effective as an information retrieval system. This study was a quantitative descriptive study using analytical methods. The technique of data collection in  this study was by using trace observation on the Online Public Access Catalog (OPAC). The study was carried out by using the title of the names of study programs and the subject to study program as the study sample a mounted to 206. Sample were taken by using purposive sampling techniques. The result of the study showed that search using advanced search features by using the section title of sociology subject obtained a precision marks of 0,98 while the use of advanced search features by using biology education subject obtainrd precision mark of 0,66. The use of quick search feature by using the sociology subjects get a precision marks of 0,98 while the use of quick search feature by using biology education subject obtained a precision marks of 0,99. The testing on the four search shows that the quick search and advanced search features in the title and subject are in the average range of 0,90 so it is said that the search system of OPAC at Muhammadiyah University Library of Bengkulu is effective as an information retrieval system.
Evaluasi Kapabilitas Dan Efektivitas Online Public Access Catalog (OPAC) Sebagai Sarana Temu Kembali Di Perpustakaan Universitas Islam Negeri Di Indonesia
Authors: Marwiyah Marwiyah , Labibah Labibah
Published: April 2021

Perpustakaan berkewajiban menyediakan akses ke sumber informasi yang dimiliki oleh perpustakaan lewat sarana temu kembali informasi menjadisalah satu tugas penting perpustakaan.OPAC adalah salah satu sarana temu kembali informasi yangberfungsi memberitahu kepada pengguna apa yang dimiliki oleh perpustakaan, apalagi saat ini katalog dikembangkan dalam bentuk online yaitu. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi kelengkapan fasilitas dan kapabilitas searching dan browsing pada OPAC perpustakaan UIN. Selain itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi precision (ketepatan) OPAC sebagai sarana temu kembali informasi dan mengujinapakah fasilitas searching berpengaruh terhadap tingkat precision.Dengan menggunakan data kualitatis yaitu yang berkaitan dengan kelengkapan fasilitas searching dan browsing, maka peneliti mencoba untuk melihat efektivitas OPAC Perpustakaan Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) sebagai system temu kembali dengan mengambil lima OPAC UIN sebagai sampel. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada beberapa fasilitas searching dan browsing yang tidak dimilikioleh OPAC UIN seperti menu bantuan penelusuran,keterbtasan deskripsi bibliografi. Dan OPAC yang memiliki fasilitas yang paling lengkap memiliki ketepatan yang tinggi sedangkan yang memiliki fasilitas paling minim memiliki nilai ketepatan yang rendah.
Empirical Modelization of Intermittent Gas/Liquid Flow Hydrodynamic Parameters: The Importance of Distinguishing between Plug and Slug Flows
Authors: Arabi Abderraouf , Azzi Abdelwahid , Kadi Rabah , Al-Sarkhi Abdelsalam , Hewakandamby Buddhika
Published: April 2021

Intermittent flow is one of the most complex flow regimes in horizontal pipes. Various studies have classified this regime as two distinct subregimes: plug and slug flow. This classification has been made based on flow observations. In this work, the behavior of several flow parameters that characterize plug and slug flow are presented. Data from eight published works in the open literature were collected and studied to explain the behavior of both regimes. These data include pressure drop, void fraction, and slug frequency, as well as the lengths of liquid slugs and elongated bubbles for slug and plug regimes.

It is observed from the evolution and analysis of these parameters that plug and slug flows have several different distinct features and should be considered as two separate regimes for the empirical modelization of the hydrodynamic parameters. The mixture Froude number, and to a lesser extent the liquid superficial velocity to gas superficial velocity ratio, seem to have significant impacts on the plug-to-slug flow transition.
Long-term outcomes of synchronous splenectomy and hepatectomy or radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma and esophagogastric variceal bleeding
Authors: Ma Jia-li , Jiang Li , Li Ping , He Ling-ling , Wei Hong-shan
Published: April 2021

Aim: This study aimed to compare the long-term outcomes of hepatectomy and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) combined with pericardial devascularization (PCDV) plus splenectomy for patients with cirrhosis having hepatocellular carcinoma and esophagogastric variceal bleeding.Materials and Methods: Between October 2008 and March 2018, 46 patients with cirrhosis having hepatocellular carcinoma and esophagogastric variceal bleeding for portal hypertension were included in this study. The overall survival curves, recurrence-free survival curves, and rebleeding-free survival curves were plotted using Kaplan–Meier analysis. The log-rank test was used to compare time-to-event curves between groups.Results: The median follow-up time was 38 months. Among 20 patients undergoing RFA, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 95.00%,60.00%, and 35.00%, respectively. The 1-, 3- and 5-year recurrence-free survival rates were 35.00%, 25.00%, and 10.00%, respectively. The 1,3- and 5-year rebleeding-free survival rates were 85.00%, 60.00%, and 40.00%, respectively. Among 26 patients undergoing hepatectomy, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 96.15%,50.00%, and 34.62%, respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year recurrence-free survival rates were 65.38%, 19.23%, and 11.54%, respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year rebleeding-free survival rates were 73.08%, 42.31%, and 26.92%, respectively. No significant differences were found in overall, recurrence-free, and rebleeding-free survival rates.Conclusions: Hepatectomy or RFA with PCDV plus splenectomy might be a safe and effective treatment for patients with cirrhosis having hepatocellular carcinoma and esophagogastric variceal bleeding. “Hepatectomy first” strategy may be considered due to its lower and later recurrence. More attention should be paid to background liver diseases after surgery.
Changes in Denture Retention With Denture Adhesives and Oral Moisturizers for the Oral Cavity
Authors: Ikemura Naoya , Sato Yuji , Furuya Junichi , Shimodaira Osamu , Takeda Kana , Kakuta Takuya , Yamane Kunihito , Kitagawa Noboru
Published: April 2021

Background: It is difficult to maintain dentures during meals. This study aimed to assess changes in denture retention between rest and function using denture adhesives and oral moisturizers in an oral cavity model.Methods: The following test samples were applied between the palatal plate and the edentulous jaw ridge model: denture adhesive, denture adhesive for dry mouth, oral moisturizer, and denture moisturizer. The retentive force was measured under two conditions: at rest while immersed in water and during function with a 2.5-kg load applied. The plate was pulled perpendicular to the occlusal plane and the retentive force was measured using a digital force gauge.Results: Under dry conditions, denture adhesive for dry mouth and oral moisturizer had a significantly higher retentive force than denture adhesive and denture moisturizer. After 30 min of immersion in water, the retentive force of the denture adhesive increased while that of the oral moisturizer decreased. After 30 mins of function, the retentive force of the denture adhesive and denture adhesive for dry mouth remained high, while that of the oral moisturizer and denture moisturizer significantly decreased. Between rest and function, the retentive force of the denture adhesive and denture adhesive for dry mouth was high, and that of the oral moisturizer was low.Conclusions: Immediately after use, denture adhesive for dry mouth exhibited high retentive force, but retention gradually decreased due to its water content. Clinical Significance: Denture adhesives for dry mouth can be useful for retaining dentures during 30-min meals.
Has the Local Area Network (LAN) the Same Characteristics With the Particle/field Entity? Recovering the Schwarzschild Metric in a Discrete and Flat Spacetime, Using a Diffusion-driven Impurity Model Produced by Partile/LAN Entities.
Authors: Chatzichristos Aris
Published: April 2021

A local area network (LAN) consists typically of several telecommunication nodes, all of which share a public IP address and a single point of contact with the Internet, namely the router. For an outside observer, the whole LAN with all its nodes would look point-like (having one, shared, "public IP" address and a single connection with the Internet), but in its interactions it would appear field-like, as a LAN of several nodes, each with its own "private IP" address, has an internal structure and interacts with the outside world differently than a single node would. In this study, the above particle/LAN analogy will be used as a basis of Átmiton theory, according to which, elementary particles are made of LANs consisting of a type of telecommunication node - called átmiton - and space is a 3D network of átmita with the simple cubic topology. In this work, it is demonstrated that connecting a particle/LAN entity on the lattice of space distorts its local topology, effectively introducing a crystal defect to the lattice of space. This defect increases the distance between points lying at opposite sides of it. The internal interactions of any massive object should be producing constantly copious numbers of such space-defects, which diffuse away from their source, by means of a random walk. Here it is suggested that general relativity's notion of spacetime's curvature is equivalent to the aforementioned diffusion-driven impurity model in the flat, discrete lattice of space of Átmiton theory. Their equivalency is demonstrated for the specific case of a spherical mass, around which the Schwarzschild metric is shown to be valid.
Role of Surgical Treatment in Primary Intestinal Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas: A SEER Population-Based Survival Analysis
Authors: Zhang Cuifen , Zhang Xiaohong , Liu Zeyu , Tao Jiahao , Lin Lizhu , Zhai Linzhu
Published: April 2021

Evidence regarding the need for surgery for primary intestinal non-Hodgkin lymphoma (PINHL) patients with chemotherapy is limited and controversial. We aimed to investigate the specific impact of surgery on survival of PINHL patients. Data from PINHL patients (aged >18 years) with chemotherapy between 1983 and 2015 were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We concerned about overall survival (OS) and improved cancer-specific survival (CSS). Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was also used to explore the reliability of the results to further control for confounding factors. Finally, we screened 3537 patients. Multivariate regression analysis showed that patients with surgery and chemotherapy had better OS (hazard ratio [HR], 0·83; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0·75–0·93; P=0·0009) and CSS (HR, 0·87; 95% CI, 0·77–0·99; P=0·0404) compared with the non-operation group after adjusting for confounding factors. After PSM analysis, compared with non-surgery, surgery remained associated with improved OS (HR, 0·77; 95% CI, 0·68–0·87; P<0·0001) and improved CSS (HR, 0·82; 95% CI, 0·72–0·95; P=0·008) adjusted for baseline differences. In the large cohort of PINHL patients with chemotherapy older than 18 years, surgery was associated with significantly improved OS and CSS before and after PSM analysis.
Promoting or Inhibiting? The Impact of Enterprise Environmental Performance on Economic Performance: Evidence From China's Large Iron and Steel Enterprises
Authors: Liu Rong , He Feng , Ren Jianyu
Published: April 2021

In recent years, people have realized the importance of corporate environmental responsibility. In this study, we combine the Slack-based Measurement (SBM) model with the "Super-efficiency" model to construct the environmental performance evaluation based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to measure the environmental performance of China's large iron and steel enterprises from 2009 to 2017. Then, it studies the impact of environmental performance on enterprise economic performance through regression analysis. The results show that the impact of environmental performance of China's large iron and steel enterprises on economic performance shows an inverted U-shaped relationship. The conclusion is helpful to encourage enterprises to actively carry out environmental management, so as to maintain and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises. Therefore, this paper suggests that iron and steel enterprises should balance the relationship between environmental responsibility and economic performance in order to maximize enterprise performance. The main purpose of this paper is to let enterprises solve the negative externalities in production through internalization, and encourage enterprises to adopt environmental protection behavior for production and operation.
Adsorption and desorption characteristics and mechanism of Cd in reclaimed soil under the influence of dissolved organic carbon
Authors: Zheng Yonghong , Zhang Zhiguo , Chen Yongchun , An Shikai , Zhang Lei , Chen Fangling , Ma Chengnan , Cai Weiqing
Published: April 2021

Organic acids are widespread in the environment and play an important role in the adsorption, desorption, and migration of soil Cd. This study evaluated the characteristics and mechanism of Cd adsorption and desorption in reclaimed soil from Panyi Mine in the Huainan mining area under the influence of humic acid (HA) and citric acid (CA). The addition of HA and CA inhibited the adsorption and enhanced the desorption of Cd in reclaimed soil, with HA having a stronger effect than CA. As the concentration of added HA or CA increased, the adsorption capacity of Cd in the reclaimed soil gradually decreased, while the desorption capacity gradually increased. That is, the adsorption inhibition/desorption promotion effect was stronger for higher concentrations of organic acid. Cd adsorption and desorption could be described as a logarithmic function of organic acid concentration. The kinetic curves of Cd adsorption and desorption in reclaimed soil under the influence of organic acids show that both adsorption and desorption involved two stages: a fast reaction stage followed by a slow reaction stage.
Socio-Economic Inequalities in the Chronic Diseases Management among Chinese Adults Aged 45 years and Above: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: GUO JING , Li Jiasen , Huang Kehui , Feng Xing Lin
Published: April 2021

BackgroundsNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) have become a priority public health issue. The aim of this study was to examine whether social-economic inequalities exist in chronic disease management among Chinese adults, and whether the relationship between SES and chronic disease management mediated by social capital.MethodsWe used combined data from China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). A total of 19291 subjects, including 14905 subjects from 2011 survey, 2036 subjects from 2013, and 2350 subjects from 2015 was included in this study.ResultsSubjects living in urban setting, with higher education attainment and economic status were more likely to have annual health checks, and to be diagnosed for those with hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia (all P<0.05). Social participation could mediate the association between social economic status (SES) and annual health checks, diagnosis of hypertension and dyslipidemia, and health education of hypertension. Health checks could mediate the association between social participation and the diagnosis of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia. The proportions of mediation were 17.5%, 23.9% and 8.9%, respectively. There were no mediating effects observed from cognitive social capital variable-perceived helpfulness.ConclusionIt is necessary to deeply reform our social security system and enhance the social capital construction to promote those low SES people’s physical health.