bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of activation of entrepreneurship activities in the development of rural areas in Ukraine
Authors: Balanovska Tetiana , Gogulya Olga , Kucher Oleg
Published: November 2020

The article substantiates the role of entrepreneurship in the revival of rural areas of Ukraine. The main problems and obstacles for the development of modern agricultural business are presented. The attention is paid to the high share of households in the total production of agricultural products, as well as the crisis situation regarding the employment situation of the rural population. Possibilities of employment for the inhabitants of rural territories by activating the initiative of unemployed citizens to organize their own business activity are considered. The peculiarities and motives of the implementation of the diversification strategy for economic entities, including agricultural producers, are revealed. The existing and perspective directions of diversification in some regions in Ukraine are analyzed. The main directions of formation of organizational and economic mechanism of diversification of entrepreneurial activity at the expense of activation of new forms of employment of population are summarized, which will contribute to the complex socio-economic and ecological development of rural territories in Ukraine.
Wybrane problemy zarządzania rozwojem górskich obszarów migracyjnych na przykładzie gmin południowej części Polski
Authors: Cymanow Piotr
Published: November 2020

W artykule zaprezentowano kluczowe problemy zarządzania rozwojem górskich regionów migracyjnych. Poza ogólną charakterystyką terenów klasyfikowanych jako obszary o niekorzystnych warunkach gospodarowania (ONW) przedstawiono opinie przedstawicieli samorządów lokalnych 45 gmin górskich położonych na obszarze Karpat. Wskazano na elementy mające największy wpływ na potencjalny rozwój obszarów peryferyjnych, przy jednoczesnym określeniu czynników pogarszających funkcjonowanie gmin i komfort życia mieszkańców terenów górskich oraz ograniczających rozwój tych terenów. W dalszej części artykułu przedstawiono model zagrożeń wynikających z konsekwencji procesów migracyjnych zachodzących na przedmiotowym obszarze z uwzględnieniem czynników ekonomicznych, społecznych i rolno-środowiskowych.
ECOWAS common currency, a mirage or possibility?
Authors: Mati Sagiru , Civcir Irfan , Özdeşer Hüseyin
Published: November 2020

Unlike previous studies, the current study uses oil price and inflationary shocks to assess the feasibility of actualizing the ECOWAS Vision 2020, which is aimed at creating a monetary union. With the help of the Blanchard and Quah (BQ) decomposition for a sample from 1975:05 to 2018:08, two sets of models are estimated: models for inflationary shocks and models for oil price shocks. It is found that although the vision is a mirage, the creation of a common currency can serve as a shock absorber against the negative spillovers of global and regional inflationary shocks. The study also finds that oil price shocks lead to appreciation of the currency for the oil exporting country Nigeria, while Nigeria, the Gambia and Ghana stand out in their responses to oil price shocks. The study recommends that these countries cannot be part of the Vision and that more coordination among ECOWAS members is needed before this Vision can be actualised.
Some properties of e-quality function for network clustering
Authors: Dzamic Dusan
Published: November 2020

One of the most important properties of graphs that represents real complex systems is community structure, or clustering, i.e., organizing vertices in cohesive groups with high concentration of edges within individual groups and low concentration of edges between vertices in different groups. In this paper, we analyze Exponential Quality function for network clustering. We consider different classes of artificial networks from literature and analyze whether the maximization of Exponential Quality function tends to merge or split clusters in optimal partition even if they are unambiguously defined. Our theoretical results show that Exponential Quality function detects the expected and reasonable clusters in all classes of instances and the Modularity function does not.
Factors influencing treatment efficiency:
Authors: Jung Min-Ho
Published: November 2020

Objectives

The purpose of this cohort study was to evaluate the effect of self-ligating brackets (SB) and other related factors that influence orthodontic treatment time.

Materials and Methods

This was a two-armed prospective study. Consecutively treated patients who were recruited from a private practice were enrolled and asked to choose between SB and conventional brackets (CB). If the patient did not have a preference, that patient was randomly allocated. An identical archwire sequence was used, and all patients were treated by a single orthodontist. Treatment duration, number of bracket failures, poor oral hygiene, poor elastic wear, whether or not to orthodontic mini-implants (OMI) were used, OMI failure, extraction, American Board of Orthodontics Discrepancy Index, and arch length discrepancy were measured and statistically analyzed using t-tests, correlation analysis, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Stepwise regression analysis was conducted to generate an equation to predict treatment duration.

Results

A total of 134 patients with an average age of 22.73 years were included. The average treatment duration was 28.63 months. ANCOVA showed no significant difference in treatment duration between CB and SB. Stepwise regression analysis could explain 64.6% of the variance in treatment duration using five variables.

Conclusions

SB did not exhibit a significant reduction in treatment time as compared with CB. Patient cooperation, extractions, and malocclusion severity had a significant impact on treatment duration.
Involving service users in Births and their outcomes: a retrospective birth cohort data linkage study analysing daily, weekly and yearly cycles and their implications for the NHS
Authors: Newburn Mary , Scanlon Miranda , Plachcinski Rachel , Macfarlane Alison Jill
Published: November 2020

IntroductionWe report on service user participation in ‘Births and their Outcomes’, a population-based, retrospective, birth cohort, data linkage study to analyse the daily, weekly and yearly cycles of births and their implications for the NHS. Although Public Involvement and Engagement (PI&E), also referred to here as Patient and Public Involvement (PPI), has a long history in maternity services, PI&E in maternity data linkage studies is new. We have reported using the GRIPP2 short form.
ObjectivesWe aimed to involve and engage a wide range of maternity service users and their representatives to ensure that our use of routinely collected maternity and birth records was acceptable and that our research analyses using linked data were relevant to their expressed safety and quality of care needs.
 MethodsA three-tiered approach to PPI was used. Having both PPI co-investigators and PPI members of the Study Advisory Group ensured service user involvement was part of the strategic development of the project. A larger constituency of maternity service users was engaged through four workshops held throughout England.
ResultsTwo co-investigators with experience of PPI in maternity research were involved from design stage to dissemination. Four PPI study advisors contributed service user perspectives. Engagement workshops attracted around 100 attendees, recruited largely from Maternity Services Liaison Committees and a community engagement group. They supported use of the data, believing the study had potential to improve safety and quality of maternity services. They contributed their experiences and concerns which will assist with interpretation of the analyses.
ConclusionUse of PPI ‘knowledge intermediaries’ successfully bridged the gap between data intensive research and lived experience, but more inclusivity in involvement and engagement is required. The concerns and questions of service users provide social legitimacy and a relevance framework for researchers carrying out analyses.
The influence of parenting parents on the personal hygiene independence of students with disabilities
Authors: Juliana Tya , Barida Muya
Published: November 2020

Independence of children's personal hygiene is influenced by parenting parents. This study aims to determine the effect of parenting parents on the personal hygiene independence of children with special needs in SLB / G-AB Helen Keller Indonesia. This type of research is quantitative with descriptive correlational research design. Respondents in this study were parents and students. The sampling technique uses saturated samples. Data analysis uses regression analysis. Based on the results of the study note that for 0.004 (0.004 <0.05) the value of the influence of authoritarian parenting, the value of the influence of democratic parenting is 0.029 (0.029 <0.05) and 0.032 (0.032 <0.05) the value of permissive parenting. Based on the explanation above, it can be concluded that the type that most influences children's personal hygiene independence is authoritarian parenting has the most significant and positive influence on the personal hygiene independence of children with special needs in SLB / G-AB Helen Keller Indonesia.
Does spirituality correlate with students’ empathy during covid-19 pandemic? the case study of Indonesian students
Authors: Fitriyah Fifi Khoirul , Saputra Nopriadi , Dellarosa Maretha , Afridah Wiwik
Published: November 2020

Covid-19 pandemic has affected all parts of human life. It affects health, as well as socio and economic aspects. In this situation, high empathy should follow the implementation of physical distancing to reduce the spread of the virus. However, anti-social behavior has mostly materialized. This study aims to explore the spiritual effect on students' empathy during the Covid-19 pandemic. It observes if spirituality predicts empathy and the other way around. 1004 university students from 65 universities in East Java, Indonesia, were recruited to give responses from a set of questionnaires. Smart-PLS application was used to analyze the statistical data. Findings uncovered that this measurement model is valid and reliable for spirituality (Spiritual Assessment Scale=SAS) and empathy (Interpersonal Reactivity Index=IRI) construct. Through a structural model, our study also found that spirituality and empathy have a significant reciprocal relationship (with a path coefficient of 0.564). Spirituality predicts empathy and the other way around. Our findings suggest that universities' counseling units apply spiritual strategies in counseling activities to accelerate students' empathy during the Covid-19 pandemic and to anticipate the future crisis.
BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF WASTE PAPER RECYCLING PLANT WASTEWATER
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering, St. Petersburg, Russia, Feofanov Ju. A.
Published: November 2020

Introduction. Among characteristic features of waste paper recycling plant wastewater, the following can be distinguished: significant fluctuations in consumption and composition, high content of undissolved and dissolved substances (in particular, starch, fiber, dispersed thermoplastic and other substances). Local wastewater treatment can reduce the concentration of undissolved and — partially — dissolved contaminants. Besides, it makes it possible to reuse valuable substances and treated water in production. However, a significant amount of dissolved contaminants is dumped by factories at off-site biological treatment plants. In this case, bioreactors with suspended activated sludge (aeration tanks) as well as bioreactors with attached biomass are used for wastewater treatment. Methods. The purpose of the study was to determine the consumption and composition of wastewater discharged by waste paper recycling plants, as well as the technological parameters and performance of biological treatment facilities, including a moving bed biofilm reactor and aeration tanks. In-process control over the operation of treatment plants was carried out by means of instrumental measurements and laboratory analyses conducted according to standard methods. Results. The article examines the results of the operation of biological wastewater treatment facilities used to treat wastewater from a paper mill, where different grades of waste paper are used as raw materials. The main characteristics of biological wastewater treatment facilities’ operation have been identified. Relationships between the oxidation capacity and the load in terms of organic pollution have been obtained for a bioreactor with a moving bed (1st stage) and aeration tanks (2nd stage of biological wastewater treatment). Measures have been proposed to improve the performance of existing treatment plants.
USING AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO ASSESS THE CURRENT ENVIRONMENTAL STATE OF THE BESHTEREK RIVER
Authors:   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea, Ivanyutin N. M. , Podovalova S. V. ,   Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea
Published: November 2020

Introduction. The problem of restoring and preserving the environmental state of watercourses with an increase in anthropogenic load has recently become more urgent, but the use of only one method or approach does not allow us to judge the current state of a river, so there is a need to combine various methods aimed at obtaining integrated information. The purpose of this study was to analyze the environmental state of the water bodies in the Beshterek River Basin (Republic of Crimea). Methods. The studies were carried out during 2018–2019 and included: visual observations of the watercourse state, water-protection zone, channel ponds; water flow measurement; sampling for the study of water chemistry; calculation of the water pollution index (WPI) and the integrated indicator of ecological condition (IIEC); study of water toxicity by means of bio-assay techniques using wheat and cress seeds; development of environmental measures. Results. The studies have found that the main pollutants in river water are sulfates, phosphates as well as heavy metals: Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn. The concentration of sulfates increased from 0.15–0.22 MAC (upper river) to 1.5–2.4 MAC (mouth of the river), which indicates the ingress of domestic wastewater into the watercourse. The content of phosphates in the middle reaches exceeded the standards by 1.9–11.1 times. The heavy metal content exceeding the MAC was recorded at all river stations: zinc (station No. 1 — 2.1 MAC), cadmium (station No. 3 — 1.24 MAC), lead (station No. 4 — 1.23 MAC) and copper (station No. 4 — 1.5–10 MAC). The water quality in terms of the WPI was II and III (“clean” and “moderately polluted”) in the river and II, III and IV (“polluted”) in the channel ponds. The bio-assay testing showed no toxic effect on the test cultures. Conclusion. Among the priorities, the following can be distinguished: the need to establish a permanent monitoring network for the observation of the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the river flow, and develop a program for sewage handling in villages located in the river valley.
ANALYSIS AND ASSESSMENT OF THE HYDROCHEMICAL CONDITIONS OF FLOODED PHOSPHATE ROCK QUARRIES
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Mining University, Saint Petersburg, Russia, Petrov D. S. , Danilov A. S. ,   Saint Petersburg Mining University, Saint Petersburg, Russia
Published: November 2020

Introduction. This article presents the results of studying the current environmental state of surface water bodies located in the affected area of phosphate mining enterprises and significantly altered as a result of technogenesis. Objects of accumulated environmental damage caused by mining enterprises contain the bulk (up to 85%) of waste accumulated in dumps, heaps and storages. In the Leningrad region, these are ash and slag dumps of the Slantsy Plant — about 35%, phosphogypsum of Fosforit Production Association and Volkhov Aluminum Smelter — about 18%, quartz sand with the content of phosphorite of Fosforit Production Association — about 17%, limestone — wastes from beneficiating oil shale of Leningradslanets Production Association — 12%, ash and slag dumps of CHPPs and state district power plants — 5%. In this regard, the authors assess the hydrochemical situation that has formed in the territory of the industrial site of ООО PG Fosforit in recent years. Methods. The article describes in detail a method for conducting field and laboratory studies for the period from 2017 to 2019, including a method for sampling and analysis. The authors analyze the content of basic anions and cations in a series of metals using high performance liquid chromatography and atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results. In the course of the studies, the authors revealed pollutants, the content of which in surface water bodies exceeds the maximum allowable concentrations. Conclusions. As a result of the studies, the authors identified sources of accumulated environmental damage and post-technological processes affecting the state of water bodies, and determined the trophicity of minor rivers in the affected area of decommissioned mining enterprises.
IMPACT OF THE BIOGEOCHEMICAL SITUATION AT CATCHMENTS ON THE MICROELEMENT COMPOSITION OF LAKE TELETSKOYE TRIBUTARIES’ WATERS
Authors:   Institute for Water and Environmental Problems, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Barnaul, Russia, Puzanov A. V. , Baboshkina S. V. ,   Institute for Water and Environmental Problems, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Barnaul, Russia, Dvurechenskaya S. Ya. ,   Institute for Water and Environmental Problems, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Barnaul, Russia, Rozhdestvenskaya T. A. ,   Institute for Water and Environmental Problems, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Barnaul, Russia
Published: November 2020

Introduction. The formation of the microelement composition of surface waters in reservoirs and watercourses is determined by the biogeochemical processes in the catchment area. However, the schemes and mechanisms of interaction between watercourses and the soils drained by them have been studied insufficiently. Lake Teletskoye is the largest water reservoir of Altai, one of the deepest lakes in Russia, and its catchment area is 90 times larger than the area of the lake itself. Methods. We collected water samples in Lake Teletskoye tributaries during the summer low water period, in the estuaries of rivers. The ionic composition of waters and water extracts from soils (1:5) was determined using standard methods with a titrimetric finish. The content of trace elements (Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Zn, Pb, Cr, Co, V) in filtered water samples, suspended water matter and water extracts from soils was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry using electrothermal atomization on a SOLAAR M6 device. Results. The article presents the results of macro - and microelement composition studies of Lake Teletskoye tributaries’ waters. It is shown that the waters of the studied tributaries are characterized by a low total content of the main salt composition components. A dependence of the content and distribution of trace elements in the “water – suspended matter” system on the catchment landscape and geochemical features was found. Conclusion. The content of the water-soluble forms of Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb, Co, V in Lake Teletskoye tributaries’ waters conforms to environmental and sanitary requirements. It was found that Fe, Zn and Cr migrate mainly as the soluble compounds, while Pb, Mn, Cu migrate mainly in suspension. It was revealed that the different soil cover structure of the eastern and western lake shores determines different conditions for the hydrochemical flow formation of their rivers and, as a result, forms the differences in the physical and chemical composition of the eastern and western tributaries’ waters.
A STUDY OF HEAVY METAL COMPOSITIONS AND PHOSPHATES IN POLYMER SUBSTANCES OF THE ACTIVATED SLUDGE BIOMASS
Authors:   Scientific research center for ecological safety of the Russian academy of sciences, Dregulo A. M.
Published: November 2020

Introduction. Heavy metals discharged with wastewater can lead to a toxic effect on the microbiocenosis of activated sludge and significantly decrease the degree of wastewater treatment, which dictates the need for a more detailed study and search for ways to detoxify activated sludge at the recycling stage and, at the same time, solve the problems of the neutralization of sewage sludge for safe soil disposal. To ensure the adequacy of the approach to the choice of the methodology for the neutralization of sludge, including sewage sludge, it is necessary to perform compositional analysis of their organic fractions and heavy metal compositions. Methods. To determine the quantitative content of organic components in activated sludge, a sample of sludge was dried to an air-dry state and then subjected to separation into fractions using a method based on the different solubility of compounds with the use of different solvents. Then, extractants were added step by step to the weighted samples of sewage sludge weighing about 2 g each (in a volume 20 times greater than the weight of the weighted sample (40 ml)). Results. The results of the study show that polysaccharides are the dominant form of the organic fraction (polymers) in sewage sludge. Most heavy metals were identified in acidic polysaccharides, humic-like acids and lipids. Significant concentrations of phosphates were observed for the same components of polymer substances in the biomass of activated sludges. Conclusion. The products of extraction of polymer substances of the activated sludge biomass and the content of heavy metals in them may indicate the biosorption of heavy metals by zoogleal accumulations (having a polysaccharide structure) of activated sludges in aeration tanks during biological treatment. Therefore, extracellular biopolymers can be a “target” in the development of targeted technologies for the neutralization of activated sludges.
Pengembangan E-Magazine Berbasis Multipel Representasi untuk Pembelajaran Kimia di SMA pada Materi Larutan Elektrolit dan Non Elektrolit
Authors: Jariati Endang , Yenti Elvi
Published: November 2020

This research aims to develop learning media in the form of E-Magazine based on multiple representations for chemistry learning in high school on electrolyte and non-electrolyte solution material. E-Magazine is designed using Adobe Flash CS6 software. The type of research used is research and development or research and development (R&D) with the Borg and Gall research model with stages including research and data collection, planning, product development, small-scale trials and product revisions. Data collection techniques used in the form of observation, interviews and questionnaires. Based on the results of the validation of material experts, it was found that the validity of the E-Magazine based on multiple representations for chemistry learning in high school on the resulting electrolyte and non-electrolyte solution material was included in the very valid category with a validity value of 100% and for the validation of media experts a validity value of 88,46% with very valid category. The results of the practicality test obtained a practicality value of 95% in the very practical category and for student responses to the overall contents of the E-Magazine it was found that 50% of students said it was good and 50% of students said it was very good.Keywords: e-magazine, multiple representation, electrolyte and non-electrolyte solution ABSTRAK. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran berupa E-Magazine berbasis multipel representasi untuk pembelajaran kimia di SMA pada materi larutan elektrolit dan non elektrolit. E-Magazine didesain menggunakan Software Adobe Flas CS6. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian dan pengembangan atau research and development (R&D) dengan model penelitian Borg dan Gall dengan tahapan meliputi penelitian dan pengumpulan data, perencanaan, pengembangan produk, uji coba skala kecil dan revisi produk. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan berupa observasi, wawancara dan angket. Berdasarkan hasil validasi ahli materi diperoleh bahwa validitas E-Magazine berbasis multipel representasi untuk pembelajaran kimia di SMA pada materi larutan elektrolit dan non elektrolit yang dihasilkan termasuk dalam kategori sangat valid dengan nilai validitas 100% dan untuk validasi dari ahli media diperoleh nilai validitas sebesar 88,46% dengan kategori sangat valid. Hasil uji kepraktisan diperoleh nilai praktikalitas sebesar 95% dengan kategori sangat praktis dan untuk respon siswa terhadap keseluruhan isi       E-Magazine diperoleh bahwa 50% siswa menyatakan bagus dan 50% siswa menyatakan sangat bagus.Kata kunci: e-magazine, multipel representasi, larutan elektrolit dan non elektrolit
Kemampuan Literasi Sains Siswa Sekolah Dasar di Sekolah Adiwiyata (Studi Deksriptif di SD Adiwiyata X Kota Padang)
Authors: Safrizal Safrizal , Zaroha Lenny , Yulia Resti
Published: November 2020

The aims of this study is to describe the ability of scientific literacy of students in Adiwiyata’s school on three aspects, they are content, context, and attitude. The importance of having scientific literacy is one of the competencies must be possessed in 21st century education. Adiwiyata School is one of the concrete steps of the government to instill the principles and competences of scientific literacy. The research method used is descriptive quantitative. The research sample was taken using simple random sampling technique. The data collection was carried out by distributing questions and questionnaires to students in Adiwiyata School. Then, the data was analyzed using descriptive statistics by referring to categorization norms. The results showed that the scientific literacy ability of elementary school students in Adiwiyata School was in the high category. Furthermore, the ability of scientific literacy aspects of attitudes in Adiwiyata school students is in the high category namely X> 53.6. While the ability of scientific literacy in the aspect of content included in the category is quite low. The acquisition of scientific literacy skills in students at Adiwiyata school is believed to be influenced by the characteristics of the school in internalizing the values of science in teaching and learning activities in the classroom. Keywords: adiwiyata, scientific literacy, content, and contextABSTRAK.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan literasi sains siswa di sekolah Adiwiyata pada tiga aspek, yakni konten, konteks, dan sikap. Pentingnya memiliki Literasi sains menjadi salah satu kompetensi yang harus dimiliki dalam pendidikan abad 21. Sekolah Adiwiyata menjadi salah satu langkah konkrit pemerintah untuk menanamkan prinsip dan kompetensi literasi sains. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif deskriptif. Pengambilan sampel penelitian dilakukan dengan teknik simple random sampling Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara menyebarkan soal dan kuesioner kepada siswa di Sekolah Adiwiyata. Kemudian, data di analisis dengan menggunakan Statistik Deskriptif dengan merujuk pada norma kategorisasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan literasi sains siswa sekolah dasar di Sekolah Adiwiyata berada pada kategori tinggi. Selanjutnya, kemampuan literasi sains aspek sikap pada siswa sekolah Adiwiyata berada pada kategori tinggi yakni X > 53,6. Sedangkan kemampuan literasi sains pada aspek konten termasuk dalam kategori cukup rendah. Pemerolehan kemampuan literasi sains pada siswa di sekolah Adiwiyata diyakini dipengaruhi oleh ke-khas-an sekolah dalam menginternalisasi nilai-nilai sains dalam aktivitas belajar mengajar di kelas.Kata kunci: adiwiyata, literasi sains, konten, konteks, sikap
Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: A New Instrument to Measure Anxiety Symptoms Associated with COVID-19
Authors: González-Rivera Juan Aníbal , Rosario-Rodríguez Adam , Cruz-Santos Andrés
Published: November 2020

Background: The purpose of this study was to adapt and validate the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale in a sample of Hispanic residents in Puerto Rico. This instrument is a brief mental health screening to identify anxiety symptoms associated with COVID-19. Method: An availability sampling and a sample of 327 Spanish-speaking participants were used. Results: Psychometric analyses confirmed that the scale has a one-dimensional structure and solid reliability (Ω = .93) and validity. The five items met fair discrimination values, demonstrating that the instrument can distinguish between people with anxiety symptoms associated with COVID-19 and those without symptoms. According to the analyses performed, the cut-off points to identify significant symptoms of coronavirus anxiety was ≥ 10. The prevalence of significant symptoms of coronavirus anxiety was 15.29% (n = 50). Conclusions: These results support the scale as a useful and valid tool for clinical research and practice.
Climate Change and HVACR Systems
Authors:   Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Skopje, North Macedonia, Ciconkov Risto
Published: November 2020

Indicators at a global level are presented: population in the world today and forecasts for developed and developing countries. The following diagrams are presented: world total primary energy consumption, global CO2 emissions from combustion since 1971, as well as cumulative CO2 emissions by regions since 1750. Facts for climate change are included (according to WMO and IPCC): increase in GHG concentrations, increase in air temperature, rise in sea level, etc. The consequences of global warming are listed: extreme rainfall and floods; high temperatures – heat waves, droughts, wildfires; huge damage to agriculture; harmful impacts on the environment, etc. The IPCC provides several scenarios for a global rise of air temperature up to 2100, for a global rise of sea level etc. The activities of the international community on climate change are organized through: IPCC, UNFCCC, Kyoto Protocol, Paris Agreement and continuous negotiations. The European Union (EU) is probably the most advanced in the battle against climate change. Some important strategies are outlined: by 2020, by 2030, and by 2050. Heating, air-conditioning and refrigeration systems (HVACR) are connected with energy consumption, which means they are a source of GHG emissions. The situation with HVACR systems is such that even in EU countries, the fossil fuels are dominant in the heating systems. Future solutions for HVACR systems are described. The first step is to increase the energy efficiency of buildings and HVACR equipment. The concept of "nearly zero-energy buildings" should be worked on. HVACR systems should be based on renewable energy sources (RES). The considered solutions include heat pumps, solar panels, thermal storage, district heating, combined heat and power, condensing boilers, reversible air conditioners, the concept of "smart" buildings, automation of HVACR systems with digital technology, etc. The political, economic and social aspects of climate change are analyzed. Capitalism society, market economy, profit, is the main reason for today's climate change situation. On the end, there is a discussion highlighting the need for urgent and major investment in RES and energy efficiency. For rich countries, this is really achievable. But developing countries, representing 83% of the world's population, need financial assistance, and this needs to be regulated through the Paris Agreement. Obstacles of a political nature are also possible (US and Paris Agreement).
Dimensions in Teaching Skills and Learning Skills
Authors: Deevi Divya , Chary Kavi Bala Brahma
Published: November 2020

Teaching skills and learning skills existed even in the ancient times, though the terms were coined at a later stage. Dire necessity forced the ancient man to learn skills like hunting animals for food. As mankind was heading towards new civilisation, teaching skills found a place in society. Saints demonstrated skills in education as well as in warfare to princes. These teaching skills and learning skills have taken new dimensions to cater the needs of changing trends in all fields. Teachers exhibit skills like classroom management, use of black board and skill of explaining. Drastic changes have taken place in learning skills as well. Some people like craftsmen learn skills without formal education. But modern education demands organised classroom study. So, students have to acquire learning skills like concentration, punctuality and discipline. However the modern trends and necessities in education require constant developments in teaching skills and learning skills. The learning process has no end. It starts from childhood and lasts till death. This paper deals with various aspects of teaching skills and learning skills which are inevitable in education.
Mahesh Dattani’s “Do the Needful”: An Unconventional Romantic Comedy
Authors: Singh Dr. Pramod Kumar
Published: November 2020

Mahesh Dattani is a contemporary Indian English Dramatist who gave voice to the 60 million English speakers of India through his drama. He is the first dramatist recognised for his contribution in this field. Through his plays, he raises the problems of eunuch, homosexuality, transgender, child- sexual abuse, gender-discrimination, thought towards HIV-infected people etc. To such issues, he called them ‘fringe issue’ to whom we face but never take it as a part of society. Through ‘Do the Needful’ Mahesh Dattani has presented the problems of male homosexuality. The play was broadcasted by BBC. The play ‘Do the Needful’ is actually an unconventional romantic comedy.
A Critical Analysis of the Discourse of Doctor-Patient Interaction: A Case Study
Authors: Takele Mosisa Asegid
Published: November 2020

The study undertook a critical analysis of the discourse of doctor-patient interaction under the ENT (Ear, Nose, and Throat) clinic of Gondar Hospital, which is found in the Amhara regional state of Ethiopia. Specifically, the study investigated the recurrent interactional features in the doctor-patient interactions, the manifestations of power relations through language use, as well as the ideological assumptions which are held by doctors and patients. To achieve these objectives, qualitative methods were used during data collection and analysis. Purposeful sampling was used to select the clinic where the study took place. Data were gathered through audio-recording and field notes. Before analysis, the audio recordings were transcribed using Jeffersonian Transcription conventions and then translated into English. The translated data were analyzed thoroughly using Fairclough’s (1992) three-dimensional model of Critical Discourse Analysis. The study, thus, showed that interpersonal relationships between discourse interactants could be an indicative of their social and power relations. Therefore, institutional discourse, specially, that of doctor-patient, could be a place for power struggle.
FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMEPENGARUHI KEPATUHAN WAJIB PAJAK DALAM MEMBAYAR PAJAK PADA UMKM DI KOTA METRO
Authors: Hendri Nedi
Published: November 2020

The Compliance of SME in paying taxes will give a good impact in the creation of new tax sources which is will increase state revenues. However, if the factors affecting SMEs Actors Compliance is negative, then the Taxpayer Compliance will tend to rise and provide a good influence for the state revenue.The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Knowledge Taxpayer, Taxation Sanction, Confidence, and awareness of the  Taxpayer Compliance.The research methods used in this research was the analysis of the path (path diagram). The result of the research shows that, the confidence level has no effect on tax compliance in paying taxes. While the knowledge of the taxpayer, tax penalties, and awareness of the taxpayers effect on tax compliance in paying taxes. Keyword: Knowledge of Taxpayer, Taxation Sanction, Faith, Awareness Taxpayers and Taxpayer Compliance.
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN RETRIBUSI DALAM MENUNJANG PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH (PAD) KOTA METRO
Authors: Rosanti Diah
Published: November 2020

In the framework of the implementation of regional autonomy in accordance with the Act-Act 32 of 2004 on local government. Local governments are required to be able to organize and manage his household broadly and comprehensively based on existing regulations and develop and increase local revenue. The purpose of this study was to determine how much contribution levy of public services, business services, licensing certain to support the Local Revenue Metro City. The method used in this research is descriptive quantitative method is to do research on the object of the research that produced the data - the data information that is associated with the research that will be studied.The contribution of each type of area to PAD revenues in the period 2010 to 2014 fiscal year very flukuatif. Contributions contained in a levy of General Services is the average-average contribution of five years by 27%, the levy Business Services 4%, Levy Licensing Certain 2%, while 67% is the result of PAD others sourced from the Hotel Tax, Amusement Tax, Advertisement Tax, Tax Street Lighting (PLN and ULC Siwo Mego), Income Tax Minerals Group C and Tax concession Swallow nests and Seriti.  Keywords: Revenue, Levy, PAD
POTENSI WAKAF UNTUK PERUMAHAN DAN PERMUKIMAN RAKYAT
Authors: Siswahyudianto Siswahyudianto
Published: November 2020

Wakaf merupakan ibadah yang diutamakan dalam Islam, disamping taqorrub (pendekatan) diri kepada Allah swt, juga sebagai salah satu sarana mewujudkan kesejahteraan sosial dan sekaligus modal dalam perkembangan dan kemajuan agama Islam. Tanah wakaf luasnya mencapai 2.686.536.565,68 M2 (2,7 milyar M2) tersebar di 466.595 lokasi. Potensi tersebut masih perlu dipetakan dan diinventarisir. Dalam penelitian digunakan metode penelitian eksploratif dan penelitian deskriptif, penelitian kepustakan, penelitian analisis isi, sedangkan data dan sumber data berupa data teoretis yang berupa data primer dan sekunder, dan bersumber dari berbagai kajian ilmiah (buku, jurnal, tesis, skripsi). Metode pengumpulan datanya adalah metode dokumentasi. Hasil Penelitian; Pertama, pemetaan, inventarisasi dan pengembangan potensi harta benda wakaf untuk kepentingan ibadah dan kesejahteraan umum/ masyarakat khususnya pengembangan perumahan dan pemukiman. Instrumen keuangan syariah yang sudah dan sedang dikembangkan dalam skema pembiayaan perumahan dan permukiman antara lain: pembiayaan murabahah, pembiayaan mudharabah, pembiayaan istisna’, pembiayaan musyarakah, Pembiayaan Musyarakah Mutanaqishah, Hawalah, Sukuk (SBSN), Wakaf (wakaf tanah dan bangunan, serta wakaf tunai). Kata Kunci: Wakaf, Perumahan atau Pemukiman
PENGUNGKAPAN ISLAMIC SOCIAL REPORTING PADA INDEKS SAHAM SYARIAH INDONESIA
Authors: Sulistyawati Ardiani Ika , Indah Yuliani
Published: November 2020

Islamic Social Responsibility (ISR) is a measure of social responsibility implementation of Islamic banking which contains a compilation of items of CSR standards set by the Accounting and Auditing Organization for Islamic Financial Institutions (AAOIFI). This study aims to examine empirically and analyze the effect of firm size, profitability, leverage and board size to disclosure of Islamic social reporting.The research sample using purposive sampling where the sampling is based on certain criteria, obtained a sample 39 companies. Methods of data analysis used in this study using linear regression, t test, F test, classic assumption and the coefficient of determination. The results showed that the Board of Independent Commissioners significant and positive impact on the ISR Size. Other results show thay Profitability and Leverage no significant effect on ISR.
Pengaruh Ukuran Perusahaan, Kualitas Audit Dan Profitabilitas Terhadap Kecepatan Waktu Dalam Penyampaian Laporan Keuangan
Authors: Jayanti Fitri Dwi
Published: November 2020

This research aimed to examine the influence of the which consists company size, audit quality and profitability on the speed submission of financial statements in the manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Excange (IDX) in 2013 to 2015. Purposive sampling technique is used to obtain the sample size by 66 manufacturing or 198 data in three years. To analyze hyphotesis this research used logistic regression with SPSS version 21.The result of this study showed that audit quality variabels measured by Public Accountant Office big four and non big four received or influenced the speed submission of financial statements while the variable size of the company and profitability hypothesis rejected or variable does not affect the speed submission of financial statements. Keywords: Company Size, Quality of KAP, Profitability, the speed submission of financial statements
Pengaruh Patronage Buying Motives Terhadap Prinsip Going Concern Pada UMKM
Authors: Totanan Chalarce
Published: November 2020

This article aims to analyze the influence of patronage buying motives namely of company location, production facility, price, and product quality on going concern principle on UMKM of fried onion in Palu. Respondents in the study were owners or managers of UMKM fried onion industries in Palu, Population 52 based on data from the Industry and Trade Office, but only 40 were active. Data obtained through questionnaires and interviews, processed by SPSS program. Data analysis was done by multiple linear regression. The results, the location of the company and the price did not affect the going concern principle, on the contrary the production facilities and product quality had an effect on going concern principle. Keywords: Patronage Buying Motives, Going Concern, SMEs Onion Fried
Students’ Sense and Sensibilities. An Exploratory Study of Gender Perceptions At Romania’s Largest University
Authors: Columban Alexandra , Buse Mihail , Macarie Cornelia
Published: November 2020

Academia is one of the main hubs for promoting gender equality and non-discrimination, yet very few programs in Romania actively tackle the topic. An assessment of students’ perceptions is thus necessary in order to identify the level of awareness around gender issues and potential barriers hindering an inclusive academic environment. The present exploratory study aims to fill this gap by providing information on four dimensions of gender equality: attitudes towards gender equality, prevalence of gender stereotypes, gender-based violence and sexual harassment, and gender-based discrimination. The questionnaire was applied online and offline between October 2018 and March 2019 to 275 students enrolled in Bachelor, Master and Doctoral studies at BabeșBolyai University, Cluj-Napoca. The study found that students had a rather high awareness about gender issues in general and held favorable views towards gender equality and its enforcement. However, female students were more prone to stereotype, claiming more traits for themselves, and were more likely than their male counterparts to experience sexual harassment and discrimination regarding professional promotion. A series of implications for practitioners and recommendations are also discussed.
The Puzzling Concept of Smart City in Central and Eastern Europe: A Literature Review Designed for Policy Development
Authors: Ibănescu Bogdan-Constantin , Bănică Alexandru , Eva Mihail , Cehan Alexandra
Published: November 2020

The modern concept of smart city rose from a relatively ambiguous term dealing with the future of urban areas to one of the most popular contemporary fields of research. Tackling a considerable range of topics from digitalization, citizen involvement, sustainability or governance, it managed to rapidly attract both academics and policy-makers. This study reviews the research papers published on smart city concept with application to European Union, and especially to the new member states from Central and Eastern Europe. The results indicate many common features of smart cities in EU, but also some peculiarities of CEE in this regard, many deriving from their socialist inheritance. Meanwhile, it can be noticed the rather incipient status of smart cities approaches, the insufficient resources allocated by local authorities, which rely extensively on EU funding, the lack of awareness from citizens and the lack of a comprehensive and structured strategic approach. In order to tackle the abovementioned issues, our paper suggests a series of measures and directions for policy-makers, local administrations and business environment.
LOCATION-BASED ADVERTISING: INTRUSIVENESS AND IRRITATION
Authors: Suarsa Senny Handayani
Published: November 2020

Location-based Advertising (LBA) is a marketing strategy using cellular devices such as smartphones to offer products to potential customers at the nearest sales or service location. Intrusiveness and irritation are disorders that appear in the LBA. The conceptual framework of the research is built on the Advertising Avoidance Theory. Data collection was carried out with a self-administered survey involving 356 Politeknik Pos Indonesia students. The results showed that Intrusiveness and Irritation had a positive and significant effect on consumer attitudes toward LBA messages. Meanwhile, Intrusiveness has a negative and significant impact on consumer purchase intention, while irritation has a positive and significant impact on purchase intention. The more positive consumer attitudes towards LBA, the more positive the consumer's intention to buy.
Association of demographic, career, and lifestyle factors with resilience and association of resilience with mental health outcomes in veterinarians in Canada
Authors: Perret Jennifer L. , Best Colleen O. , Coe Jason B. , Greer Amy L. , Khosa Deep K. , Jones-Bitton Andria
Published: November 2020

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the association of demographic, career, and lifestyle factors with resilience and the association of resilience with mental health outcomes in Canadian veterinarians.

SAMPLE

1,130 veterinarians in clinical practice across Canada.

PROCEDURES

An online questionnaire was used to collect participant data and included 5 validated psychometric scales to evaluate resilience (through the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale [CD-RISC]), perceived stress (through the Perceived Stress Scale), emotional distress (through the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), burnout (through the Maslach Burnout Inventory), and secondary traumatic stress (through the Professional Quality of Life Scale). A multivariable linear regression model was used to investigate associations between CD-RISC scores and demographic, career, and lifestyle characteristics. Univariable linear regression models were used to assess the relationship between resilience scores and other mental health outcomes.

RESULTS

The strongest positive association was between CD-RISC score and overall health. The level of satisfaction with support from friends and workplace resources had positive associations with the CD-RISC score. The presence of mental illness had the strongest negative association with the CD-RISC score. Being married, working in a small animal practice, or having an associate role were negatively associated with the CD-RISC score. The CD-RISC score had negative associations with scores for perceived stress, anxiety, depression, burnout, and secondary traumatic stress.

CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Models provided evidence for the role of resilience in protecting against negative mental health outcomes in veterinarians. Both personal and workplace factors were associated with resilience, presenting opportunities for intervention at each of these levels.