bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study of the electromechanical coupling process before the 2020 Ms 6.4 Yutian, China earthquake
Authors: Yu Chen , Wang Shuyan , Yu Huaizhong
Published: October 2022

The observation of electromechanical coupling might be used as an important tool to detect pre-seismic changes associated with the preparation of earthquakes. This paper attempts to study the electromechanical coupling process before the large earthquakes by using the load/unload response ratio (LURR) approach in which the geo-electric data and Benioff strain of small earthquakes were adopted as the data input. The variation of Coulomb failure stress induced by earth tides on the fault surface of the mainshock is applied to differentiate the loading and unloading stages. Using this technique, we test the geo-electric data recorded at the Hotan observatory near the epicenter of 2020 Yutian Ms 6.4 earthquake. Results show that the LURR time sequence fluctuated around 1.0 for many years and reached significant high peaks at the beginning of 2020. More importantly, this evolution correlates well with the LURR time series calculated by using the Benioff strain of small earthquakes within the circular region of 300 km radius centered at the epicenter. The underlying physics of the changes should be caused by the fluid infiltration derived from pre-seismic rock dilatancy. The corresponding volume variations in the crust could be found in the geophysical observation time series in the same neighborhoods.
Refining the stress gradient hypothesis for mixed species groups of African mammals
Authors: Kiffner Christian , Boyle Diana M. , Denninger-Snyder Kristen , Kissui Bernard M. , Waltert Matthias , Krause Stefan
Published: October 2022

Species interactions such as facilitation and predation influence food webs, yet it is unclear how they are mediated by environmental gradients. Here we test the stress gradient hypothesis which predicts that positive species interactions increase with stress. Drawing upon spatially-explicit data of large mammals in an African savanna, we tested how predation risk and primary productivity mediate the occurrence of mixed species groups. Controlling for habitat structure, predation risk by lions and primary productivity affected the frequency of mixed species groups in species-specific ways, likely reflecting distinct stress perceptions. To test whether mixed species groups indicate positive interactions, we conducted network analyses for specific scenarios. Under predation risk, dyadic associations with giraffes were more pronounced and metrics of animal networks changed markedly. However, dyadic association and network metrics were weakly mediated by primary productivity. The composition of mixed species groups was associated with similarities in prey susceptibility but not with similarities in feeding habits of herbivores. Especially predation risk favoured the frequency of mixed species groups and pronounced dyadic associations which dilute predation risk and increase predator detection. While our results provide support for the stress gradient hypothesis, they also highlight that the relative importance of stressors is context-dependent.
A novel variant in TLE6 is associated with embryonic developmental arrest (EDA) in familial female infertility
Authors: Akbari Mojdeh , Mohebi Mehdi , Berjis Katayon , Ghahremani Amin , Modarressi Mohammad Hossein , Ghafouri-Fard Soudeh
Published: October 2022

This study aims to identify genetic causes of familial female infertility characterized by embryonic developmental arrest (EDA) and repeated implantation failure (RIF) with oocyte donation IVF cycle. We used Whole-exome sequencing and Sanger validation to find causative genes in an Iranian consanguineous family that had 3 infertile daughters, 4 fertile daughters, and 2 fertile sons. All patients in this consanguineous family exhibited typical manifestations of unexplained RIF and EDA. Genetic analysis identified a homozygous missense variant (c.G1054C:p.G352R) in exon 13 of theTLE6gene that cosegregated with the EDA phenotype in an autosomal recessive pattern. Other members of the family, the gene carriers, remain clinically asymptomatic and fertile. Our findings identify a novel nonsynonymous variant, c.G1054C:p.G352R, in theTLE6gene within a consanguineous Iranian family with autosomal-recessive female infertility and broaden the genetic spectrum ofTLE6-associated EDA.
One-pot synthesis of naphtho[1,2-e][1,3]oxazines in the presence of FNAOSiPAMP*/CuII as an almond shell based nanocatalyst
Authors: Keihanfar Mina , Mirjalili Bi Bi Fatemeh
Published: October 2022

In the present research work, a novel catalyst based on natural material, namely, Fe3O4@nano-almondshell@OSi(CH2)3/NHCH2pyridine/CuII abbreviated (FNAOSiPAMP/CuII) was designed and prepared. The properties of the catalyst was identified by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thermogravimetry ananlysis (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Mapping. Furthermore, the evaluation of catalytic activity was done in the course of naphtho-1,3-oxazines synthesis. Solvent-free conditions, simplicity of operation, easy work-up and use of an eco-friendly catalyst are some of advantages of this protocol.
Comparison of ART outcome in patients with poor ovarian response according to POSEIDON criteria
Authors: Lee Hyun Joo , Noh Hye Kyung , Joo Jong Kil
Published: October 2022

The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the patient-oriented strategies encompassing individualized oocyte number (POSEIDON) criteria can reflect the prognosis of controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) by comparing the results of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) between four POSEIDON and normal responder (NR) groups. In total, 225 patients were included in this retrospective observational study. The patients underwent various COS protocols and in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection, followed by fresh or frozen embryo transfer. Based on their clinical and demographic data, patients were divided into four groups according to the POSEIDON classification, and their ART outcomes were evaluated. Statistical analyses were performed using R version 4.0.5, and a p-value of < 0.05 was considered significant. The NR group had the highest number of total oocytes retrieved and total embryos obtained, as well as the best ART outcome in terms of clinical pregnancy rate ([CPR], 47.6%). The POSEIDON groups 1 and 2 had better COS and ART outcomes than groups 3 and 4 (CPR, 22.6%, 22.1%, 16.7%, and 4.8% in groups 1–4, respectively); the patients in group 3 were younger than those in group 2 by definition, but their CPR was lower than that of patients in group 2. When comparing young and old women with low anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels, the younger group (POSEIDON group 2) had better COS and ART outcomes than their older counterparts, especially POSEIDON group 4. A binary logistic regression adjusted for body mass index (BMI) comparing the ART outcomes of patients that did not get pregnant in the POSEIDON groups compared to the NR group showed odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence interval) of 2.938 (1.496–5.768), 3.376 (1.848–6.167), 6.801 (2.740–16.881), and 20.497 (8.284–50.713) for groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Ovarian reserve still seems to outweigh patients’ age when predicting the ART outcomes of low-responder infertile women, as suggested by the results of POSEIDON groups 2 and 3. However, when there are no differences in ovarian reserve, as in POSEIDON groups 2 and 4, younger women with low AMH have a higher probability of pregnancy than their AMH-matched older counterparts.
A preliminary study for the development of cleavable linkers using activatable fluorescent probes targeting leucine aminopeptidase
Authors: Kang Julie , Mun Seul-Ki , Choi Eu-Jin , Kim Jong-Jin , Yee Sung-Tae , Chang Dong-Jo
Published: October 2022

The Kinetic and ex vivo stability studies of LAP-responsive fluorescent probes demonstrated that the stability and intrinsic drug releasing activity of the cleavalbe linker can be evaluated by a peptidase-responsive activatable fluorescent probe.
Construction of a sustained-release hydrogel using gallic acid and lysozyme with antimicrobial properties for wound treatment
Authors: Gong Wei , Huang Hai-bo , Wang Xin-chuang , He Wan-ying , Hou Yi-yang , Hu Jiang-ning
Published: October 2022

The purpose of this study is to provide a new strategy for constructing a temperature-controlled hydrogel as a promising agent for wound healing using natural products through physical co-assembly.
Phase transition in V-doped cobalt hydroxide for a superior alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Shao Mengmeng , Chen Haodeng , Cao Yongyong , Fu Shushu , Hao Shiji , Chen Min , Jin Jutao , Wang Wenlong , Wu Yunhui , Cui Lifeng
Published: October 2022

The superior HER activity of V-Co(OH)2/CC is mainly attributed to the accelerated HER kinetics by V-doping.
A PdMn bimetallene for low-energy electrocatalytic hydrogen generation coupled with formate oxidation
Authors: Wang Hongjing , Chen Hongyong , Mao Qiqi , Deng Kai , Yu Hongjie , Wang Xin , Xu You , Wang Ziqiang , Wang Liang
Published: October 2022

A defect-rich and wrinkled PdMn bimetallene was fabricated via a one-step thermal solvent method for promoting formate electroreforming.
Oxygen-atom transfer photochemistry of a molecular copper bromate complex
Authors: Van Trieste Gerard P. , Reibenspies Joseph H. , Chen Yu-Sheng , Sengupta Debabrata , Thompson Richard R. , Powers David C.
Published: October 2022

We report the synthesis and oxygen-atom transfer (OAT) photochemistry of [Cu(tpa)BrO3]ClO4.
Time-resolved X-ray and XUV based spectroscopic methods for nonadiabatic processes in photochemistry
Authors: Schnappinger Thomas , Jadoun Deependra , Gudem Mahesh , Kowalewski Markus
Published: October 2022

Novel spectroscopic techniques based on ultra-short laser pulses in the X-ray regime are reviewed, capable of observing clear signatures of conical intersections.
The unique role of pore wall nanostructurization in the intrachannel photo-ATRP for fine-tuning PMMA tacticity
Authors: Maksym Paulina , Bernat Roksana , Koperwas Kajetan , Wojtyniak Marcin , Piecha Julita , Hachuła Barbara , Geppert-Rybczyńska Monika , Brzózka Agnieszka , Sulka Grzegorz D. , Tarnacka Magdalena , Paluch Marian , Kamiński Kamil
Published: October 2022

The first example of intrachannel photo-ATRP utilizing AAO templates of different nanostructure interfaces.
Varied role of organic carboxylate dizwitterions and anionic donors in mixed-ligand uranyl ion coordination polymers
Authors: Kusumoto Sotaro , Atoini Youssef , Masuda Shunya , Koide Yoshihiro , Kim Jee Young , Hayami Shinya , Kim Yang , Harrowfield Jack , Thuéry Pierre
Published: October 2022

Two organic dizwitterions were combined with various anionic donors to generate a series of five uranyl ion complexes crystallizing as mono- or diperiodic coordination polymers, with separation into two distinct networks in one case.
Crystal and molecular structure of series of triphilic ionic liquid-crystalline materials based on the 1,2,4-triazolium cation
Authors: Riccobono Alessio , Whitwood Adrian C. , Parker Rachel R. , Hart Sam , Pace Andrea , Slattery John M. , Pibiri Ivana , Bruce Duncan W.
Published: October 2022

The solid-state structure of sixteen triphilic triazolium salts with different anions is considered in terms of the potentially competing factors driving organisation.
Thirty years of molecular dynamics simulations on posttranslational modifications of proteins
Authors: Weigle Austin T. , Feng Jiangyan , Shukla Diwakar
Published: October 2022

As of 2022, the protein structural effects induced by posttranslational modifications (PTMs) have been computationally studied for nearly 30 years. We review simulation of PTMs given past and present state-of-the-art modeling and analysis techniques.
High-accuracy first-principles-based rate coefficients for the reaction of OH and CH3OOH
Authors: Nguyen Thanh Lam , Perera Ajith , Peeters Jozef
Published: October 2022

The ˙OH-initiated oxidation of methyl hydroperoxide was theoretically characterized using high-accuracy composite amHEAT-345(Q) coupled-cluster calculations followed by a two-dimensional E,J resolved master equation analysis.
Hierarchical porous metal–organic gels and derived materials: from fundamentals to potential applications
Authors: Wychowaniec Jacek K. , Saini Haneesh , Scheibe Błażej , Dubal Deepak P. , Schneemann Andreas , Jayaramulu Kolleboyina
Published: October 2022

This review summarizes recent progress in the development and applications of metal–organic gels (MOGs) and their hybrids and derivatives dividing them into subclasses and discussing their synthesis, design and structure–property relationship.
Regulating Ni3+ contents by a cobalt doping strategy in ternary NixCo3−xAl1-LDH nanoflowers for high-performance charge storage
Authors: Zhang Jiaqi , Sun Ningqiang , Yin Baoyi , Su Yuanhui , Ji Shuaijing , Huan Yu , Wei Tao
Published: October 2022

The Ni1Co2Al1-LDH electrode prepared by hydrothermal method delivers a high specific capacitance (728 C g−1 at 1 A g−1) and excellent capacitance retention (93.18% of initial capacitance at 30 A g−1 after 10 000 cycles).
Protective effect of β-carotene on OVA-induced food allergy in mice by strengthening intestinal epithelial barrier function and regulating intestinal microflora
Authors: Kuang Huiying , Ma Yu , Liu Yixiang
Published: October 2022

β-carotene is the dietary source of vitamin A, which has a variety of physiological functions. It may prevent food allergy by strengthening intestinal epithelial barrier function and regulating intestinal microflora.
MOF-based Pd catalysts: a controllable and efficient platform towards cyclization reactions of isonitriles
Authors: Xia Yujie , Li Jiawei , Li Meng , Ren Yanwei , Jiang Huanfeng , Wu Wanqing
Published: October 2022

The state transformation of Pd(ii)x-UiO-67-bpy, which is illustrated by “homogenization of heterogeneous catalysis”, endows the system with efficiency and eco-friendliness.
Synthetic (bio)degradable polymers – when does recycling fail?
Authors: Agostinho Beatriz , Silvestre Armando J. D. , Coutinho João A. P. , Sousa Andreia F.
Published: October 2022

Mapping of the thermal, mechanical and (bio)degradation properties of fossil and bio-based polymers. When recycling fails, criteria and scenarios where (bio)degradable polymers are beneficial, for a sustainable development, were critically discussed.
Surface acoustic wave-driven pumpless flow for sperm rheotaxis analysis
Authors: Gai Junyang , Devendran Citsabehsan , Neild Adrian , Nosrati Reza
Published: October 2022

We developed a device utilising acoustic streaming to drive a tuneable, well-regulated continuous flow in a microfluidic channel with suitable velocity range for probing sperm rheotaxis behaviour.
Tailoring enzyme strategies and functional groups in biosynthetic pathways
Authors: Walsh Christopher T.
Published: October 2022

Secondary metabolites are assembled by drawing off and committing some of the flux of primary metabolic building blocks to sets of enzymes that tailor the maturing scaffold.
Mapping short-range order at the nanoscale in metal–organic framework and inorganic glass composites
Authors: Laulainen Joonatan E. M. , Johnstone Duncan N. , Bogachev Ivan , Longley Louis , Calahoo Courtney , Wondraczek Lothar , Keen David A. , Bennett Thomas D. , Collins Sean M. , Midgley Paul A.
Published: October 2022

Characterization of beam-sensitive amorphous nanoscale composites using pair distribution function analysis combined with scanning electron diffraction.
Highly-efficient radiative thermal rectifiers based on near-field gap variations
Authors: Yang Bei , Dai Qing
Published: October 2022

A schematic diagram of the proposed design scheme for highly-efficient radiative thermal rectifiers based on thermally-induced near-field gap variations.
Ring size-reactivity relationship in radical ring-opening copolymerisation of thionolactones with vinyl pivalate
Authors: Ivanchenko Oleksandr , Mazières Stéphane , Poli Rinaldo , Harrisson Simon , Destarac Mathias
Published: October 2022

The radical ring-opening copolymerisation of unsubstituted thionolactones of different ring sizes has been investigated. DFT calculations and experimental results show the importance of the stabilization of the intermediate ring-retained radical.
Thermal conductivity of polyurethane sheets containing beryllium oxide nanofibers
Authors: Hossain Md. Shakhawat , Bhuiyan Anamul Hoque , Nakane Koji
Published: October 2022

The BeO NFs’ elongated shape, which provides excellent heat pathways for the BeO NFs in the resin.
Concise two-step chemical synthesis of molnupiravir
Authors: Pereira Vinícius R. D. , Bezerra Marco A. M. , Gomez Mauro R. B. P. , Martins Guilherme M. , da Silva Adilson D. , de Oliveira Kleber T. , de Souza Rodrigo O. M. A. , Amarante Giovanni W.
Published: October 2022

Fast, effective and chromatography column-free chemical synthesis of molnupiravir.
Preparation and sustained-release properties of poly(lactic acid)/graphene oxide porous biomimetic composite scaffolds loaded with salvianolic acid B
Authors: Liu Shuqiong , Xu Zhenyi , Hu Jiapeng , Wu Zhenzeng , Zheng Yuying
Published: October 2022

The prepared scaffold has good cytocompatibility, hemocompatibility and controlled drug release, and has biomimetic structure and drug loaded function.
Second-phase-induced fluorescence quenching in non-equivalent substituted red phosphors
Authors: Chen Jun , Yang Xianfeng , Jiang Chunyan , Wang Yunfeng , Zhou Lei , Wu Mingmei
Published: October 2022

We demonstrate a fluorescence-quenching mechanism attributable to second phase Eu2W2O9 in non-equivalent substituted SrWO4:xEu3+ phosphors, different to equivalent uniformly Eu3+-doped luminescent materials. A white light-emitting diode with good performance is fabricated.
Enabling Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of Lewis-basic arylboronic esters with a nonprecious metal catalyst
Authors: Haibach Michael C. , Ickes Andrew R. , Tcyrulnikov Sergei , Shekhar Shashank , Monfette Sebastien , Swiatowiec Rafal , Kotecki Brian J. , Wang Jason , Wall Amanda L. , Henry Rodger F. , Hansen Eric C.
Published: October 2022

A simple inexpensive ligand enables the Ni-catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura coupling of heterocyclic and Lewis-basic arylboronic esters under mild conditions.
Metasurface-enhanced mid-infrared spectroscopy in the liquid phase
Authors: Kharratian Soheila , Conteduca Donato , Procacci Barbara , Shaw Daniel J. , Hunt Neil T. , Krauss Thomas F.
Published: October 2022

A novel surface-enhanced infrared absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopy method exploits the resonance of a dielectric metasurface to provide strong field enhancement at a microscale depth, making it suitable for analysis of dilute liquid samples.
Total synthesis of the antibacterial polyketide natural product thailandamide lactone
Authors: Sharma Himangshu , Mondal Joyanta , Ghosh Ananyo K. , Pal Ritesh Ranjan , Goswami Rajib Kumar
Published: October 2022

A convergent strategy for the total synthesis of the structurally intriguing polyketide natural product thailandamide lactone has been developed for the first time. The antibacterial activity of the molecule has also been disclosed.
Towards new coordination modes of 1,2,3-triazolylidene: controlled by the nature of the 1st metalation in a heteroditopic bis-NHC ligand
Authors: Illam Praseetha Mathoor , Tiwari Chandra Shekhar , Rit Arnab
Published: October 2022

The nature of the first metal coordination electronically influences the 1,2,3-triazolium moiety in [L2-H2]Br2, which leads to the unprecedented selective activation of triazole C4/C5 positions as supported by the isolation of several bimetallic complexes.
Energy level modulation of MoS2monolayers by halide doping for an enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction
Authors: Lim Jungmoon , Kim Taehun , Byeon Junsung , Park Kyung-Ho , Hong John , Pak Sangyeon , Cha SeungNam
Published: October 2022

Engineering energy levels of MoS2monolayersviahalide atom doping can greatly contribute to the charge kinetics and the catalytic activities.
Heterogeneous doping of visible-light-responsive Y2Ti2O5S2 for enhanced hydrogen evolution
Authors: Yoshida Hiroaki , Pan Zhenhua , Shoji Ryota , Nandal Vikas , Matsuzaki Hiroyuki , Seki Kazuhiko , Hisatomi Takashi , Domen Kazunari
Published: October 2022

Y2Ti2O5S2, a stable oxysulfide photocatalyst with a bandgap energy of 1.9 eV, is enhanced for H2 evolution via heterogeneous doping with lower valency Sc3+ at Ti4+ sites.
Polarization engineering of porous organic polymers for superior photocatalytic synthesis of disulfides and CO2reduction
Authors: Huang Xiaoyan , Lu Yanling , Mao Guojiang , Yin Shiheng , Long Bei , Deng Guo-Jun , Ali Atif , Song Ting
Published: October 2022

The uncomplicated preparation and in-depth characterization of porous organic polymers with superior photocatalytic synthesis of disulfides and CO2reduction to produce CH4.
Enhancing exciton diffusion by reducing energy disorder in organic solar cells
Authors: Xue Peiyao , Calascibetta Adiel M. , Chen Kai , Thorn Karen E. , Jiang Yiting , Shi Jiangjian , Jia Boyu , Li Mengyang , Xin Jingming , Cai Guilong , Yang Rui , Lu Heng , Mattiello Sara , Liu Yao , Tang Zheng , Ma Wei , Lu Xinhui , Meng Qingbo , Hodgkiss Justin M. , Beverina Luca , Han Ray P. S. , Zhan Xiaowei
Published: October 2022

The addition of a highly crystalline polymer AC174 reduces energetic disorder and increases exciton diffusion length in the PM6:Y6 blend. Ternary devices achieve a champion power conversion efficiency of 17.2%, higher than that of PM6:Y6 (15.9%).
Construction of plasmonic 1T-WS2/2H-WS2/CdS heterostructures for enhanced solar driven hydrogen evolution
Authors: Chen Xiaoyu , Han Zhi , Zhang Bin , Sun Bojing , Wang Yu , Du Yunchen , Han Xijiang , Xu Ping
Published: October 2022

Plasmonic 1T-WS2/2H-WS2/CdS heterostructures, with a splendid photothermal effect and excellent stability, are highly efficient for hydrogen production through photocatalytic water splitting.
Ultrahigh energy storage capability of trilayered polyetherimide/poly(vinylidenefluoride-trifluoroethylene-chlorofluoroethylene) with low loading of boron nitride nanosheets
Authors: Ye Huijian , Jiang Huilei , Xu Lixin
Published: October 2022

We developed a trilayer film with linear PEI as outer layers and P(VDF-TrFE-CFE) composite as middle layer. Trilayer architecture contributes to the redistribution of local field, thereby greatly improving breakdown strength and energy density.
Roles of surface and bulk states in giant magnetoresistance and anomalous hall effect in antiferromagnetically ordered Bi1.9Dy0.1Te3topological insulators
Authors: Gangwar Vinod K. , Kumar Shiv , Singh Mahima , Pal Debarati , Ghosh Labanya , Singh Prajyoti , Yufeng Zhang , Chen Chaoyu , Schwier Eike F. , Shimada Kenya , Shahi Prashant , Uwatoko Yoshiya , Patil Swapnil , Ghosh Anup K. , Chatterjee Sandip
Published: October 2022

Observed large magnetoresistance, anomalous Hall effect and no appreciable energy gap at the Dirac point in single crystalline Bi1.9Dy0.1Te3topological insulator.
Monodisperse colloidal spheres with a high refractive index: their synthesis, assembly and application in structural colored materials
Authors: Yu Tongling , Bi Jiajie , Wei Wuke , Su Xin
Published: October 2022

The review summarizes recent advances in preparing monodisperse colloidal spheres with a high refractive index, effective methods for assembling these spheres into structural color materials and their intriguing optical properties with related applications.
High quality lead-free perovskites toward white light emitting diodes and X-ray imaging
Authors: Yan Shuangpeng , Liu Sibo , Teng Zhaowei , Li Hao , Chen Weiqing , Zhou Wei , Qiu Jianbei , Yu Xue , Wang Shuang , Xu Xuhui
Published: October 2022

The luminescence mechanism of the vacancy ordered lead-free perovskite synthesized using a hydrothermal method is fully discussed. Finally, this material is applied to white light emitting diodes and X-ray imaging.
Regulation of the mitotic chromosome folding machines
Authors: Dekker Bastiaan , Dekker Job
Published: October 2022

Over the last several years enormous progress has been made in identifying the molecular machines, including condensins and topoisomerases that fold mitotic chromosomes. The discovery that condensins generate chromatin loops through loop extrusion has revolutionized, and energized, the field of chromosome folding. To understand how these machines fold chromosomes with the appropriate dimensions, while disentangling sister chromatids, it needs to be determined how they are regulated and deployed. Here, we outline the current understanding of how these machines and factors are regulated through cell cycle dependent expression, chromatin localization, activation and inactivation through post-translational modifications, and through associations with each other, with other factors and with the chromatin template itself. There are still many open questions about how condensins and topoisomerases are regulated but given the pace of progress in the chromosome folding field, it seems likely that many of these will be answered in the years ahead.
Audiovisual Mandarin Lexical Tone Perception in Quiet and Noisy Contexts: The Influence of Visual Cues and Speech Rate
Authors: Li Manhong , Chen Xiaoxiang , Zhu Jiaqiang , Chen Fei
Published: October 2022

Purpose:

Armed with the theory of embodied cognition proposing tight interactions between perception, motor, and cognition, this study aimed to test the hypothesis that speech rate–altered Mandarin lexical tone perception in quiet and noisy environments could be affected by the bodily dynamic cross-modal information.

Method:

Fifty-three adult listeners completed a Mandarin tone perception task with 720 tone stimuli in auditory-only (AO), auditory–facial (AF), and auditory-facial-plus-gestural (AFG) modalities, at fast, normal, and slow speech rates under quiet and noisy conditions. In AF and AFG modalities, both congruent and incongruent audiovisual information were designed and presented. Generalized linear mixed-effects models were constructed to analyze the accuracy of tone perception across different conditions.

Results:

In Mandarin tone perception, the magnitude of enhancement of AF and AFG cues across three speech rates was significantly higher than that of the AO cue in the adverse context of noise, yet additional metaphoric gestures did not show significant differences from the facial information. Furthermore, the performance of auditory tone perception at the fast speech rate was significantly better than that at the normal speech rate when the inputs were incongruent between auditory and visual channels in quiet.

Conclusions:

This study provided compelling evidence showing that integrated audiovisual information plays a vital role not only in improving lexical tone perception in noise but also in modulating the effects of speech rate on Mandarin tone perception in quiet for native listeners. Our findings, supporting the theory of embodied cognition, are implicational for speech and hearing rehabilitation among both young and old clinical populations.
Preparation and characterisation of tough and porous polyvinyl alcohol/POC membrane for biomedical applications
Authors: Niu Zuoliang , You Ziying , Lu William W. , Wang Zhenming , Wang Chenglin
Published: October 2022

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a synthetic polymer that has been extensively studied for fabricating porous membranes via electrospinning for diverse biomedical applications. However, the poor mechanical properties of electrostatically spun PVA nanofiber membranes severely limit their application in the biomedical field. Therefore, porous, tough hybrid PVA‐based fibrous membranes were prepared by introducing poly (1,8‐octanediol citrate) (POC) into PVA fibrous membranes followed by sodium citrate treatment. The tensile modulus, fracture strength, and fracture toughness of the sodium citrate‐treated PVA/POC (CPP) membranes achieve 119.81 ± 5.32 MPa, 10.34 ± 1.57 MPa and 401.51 ± 11.67 MJ m−2, respectively, which were ∼60, ∼10, and ∼4 times higher than those achieved by the pristine PVA membrane. Moreover, the novel CPP membranes exhibited suitable biodegradation ratios and high cell/issue affinities, suggesting their potential biomedical applications in soft or hard tissue repair. This strategy, which provides porous structures, high mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility, demonstrates a facile but effective approach for the development of advanced biomaterials.
A hybrid method for day‐ahead photovoltaic power forecasting based on generative adversarial network combined with convolutional autoencoder
Authors: Pan Xueping , Zhou Jieyang , Sun Xiaorong , Cao Yang , Cheng Xiaomei , Farahmand Hossein
Published: October 2022

Photovoltaic (PV) generation has high impact on the decarbonization pathways of power systems. Accuracy of day‐ahead PV power forecasting has become crucial in the operation and control of power system with high PV penetration. This paper develops a hybrid approach based on generative adversarial network (GAN) combined with convolutional autoencoder (CAE) to improve PV power forecasting accuracy. Self‐organizing map method is first utilized as data pre‐processing to classify target days into different weather types based on solar irradiance. With the ability of GAN to reduce the burden of loss and the advantages of CAE to extract multi‐scale effective features from the weather and PV power, PV power forecasting model consisting of GAN and CAE is proposed. The developed method has been tested on a real dataset in a Chinese PV station and compared with base reference PV forecasting methods. Numerical testing results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method with high accuracy.
Modeling the CO outflow in DG Tauri B: Swept-up shells versus perturbed MHD disk wind
Authors: de Valon A. , Dougados C. , Cabrit S. , Louvet F. , Zapata L. A. , Mardones D.
Published: October 2022

Context. The origin of outflows and their exact impact on disk evolution and planet formation remain crucial open questions. DG Tau B is a Class I protostar associated with a rotating conical CO outflow and a structured disk. Hence it is an ideal target to study these questions.

Aims. We aim to characterize the morphology and kinematics of the DG Tau B outflow in order to elucidate its origin and potential impact on the disk.

Methods. Our analysis is based on Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) 12CO(2–1) observations of DG Tau B at 0.15″ (20 au) angular resolution. We developed a tomographic method to recover 2D (R,Z) maps of vertical velocity VZ and specific angular momentum j = R × Vϕ. We created synthetic data cubes for parametric models of wind-driven shells and disk winds, which we fit to the observed channel maps.

Results. Tomographic analysis of the bright inner conical outflow shows that both VZ and j remain roughly constant along conical surfaces, defining a shear-like structure. We characterize three different types of substructures in this outflow (arches, fingers, and cusps) with apparent acceleration. Wind-driven shell models with a Hubble law fail to explain these substructures. In contrast, both the morphology and kinematics of the conical flow can be explained by a steady conical magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) disk wind with foot-point radii r0 ≃ 0.7–3.4 au, a small magnetic level arm parameter (λ ≤ 1.6), and quasi periodic brightness enhancements. These might be caused by the impact of jet bow shocks, source orbital motion caused by a 25 MJ companion at 50 au, or disk density perturbations accreting through the wind launching region. The large CO wind mass flux (four times the accretion rate onto the central star) can also be explained if the MHD disk wind removes most of the angular momentum required for steady disk accretion.

Conclusions. Our results provide the strongest evidence so far for the presence of massive MHD disk winds in Class I sources with residual infall, and they suggest that the initial stages of planet formation take place in a highly dynamic environment.
Did the Milky Way just light up? The recent star formation history of the Galactic disc
Authors: Zari Eleonora , Frankel Neige , Rix Hans-Walter
Published: October 2022

We map the stellar age distribution (≲1 Gyr) across a 6 kpc  ×  6 kpc area of the Galactic disc in order to constrain our Galaxy’s recent star formation history. Our modelling draws on a sample that encompasses all presumed disc O-, B-, and A-type stars (∼500 000 sources) with G < 16. To be less sensitive to reddening, we did not forward-model the detailed CMD distribution of these stars; instead, we forward-modelled the K-band absolute magnitude distribution, n(MK), among stars with MK < 0 and Teff > 7000 K at certain positions x in the disc as a step function with five age bins, b(τ | x, α), logarithmically spaced in age from τ = 5 Myr to τ ∼ 1 Gyr. Given a set of isochrones and a Kroupa initial mass function, we sampled b(τ | x, α) to maximise the likelihood of the data n(MK | x, α), accounting for the selection function. This results in a set of mono-age stellar density maps across a sizeable portion of the Galactic disc. These maps show that some, but not all, spiral arms are reflected in overdensities of stars younger than 500 Myr. The maps of the youngest stars (< 10 Myr) trace major star-forming regions. The maps at all ages exhibit an outward density gradient and distinct spiral-like spatial structure, which is qualitatively similar on large scales among the five age bins. When summing over the maps’ areas and extrapolating to the whole disc, we find an effective star formation rate over the last 10 Myr of ≈ 3.3 M⊙ yr−1, higher than previously published estimates that had not accounted for unresolved binaries. Remarkably, our stellar age distribution implies that the star formation rate has been three times lower throughout most of the last Gyr, having risen distinctly only in the very recent past. Finally, we used TNG50 simulations to explore how justified the common identification of local age distribution with global star formation history is: we find that the global star formation rate at a given radius in Milky Way-like galaxies is approximated within a factor of ∼1.5 by the young age distribution within a 6 kpc  ×  6 kpc area near R⊙.
Cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran: A review of epidemiological aspects, with emphasis on molecular findings
Authors: Nasiri Zahra , Kalantari Mohsen , Mohammadi Jalal , Daliri Salman , Mehrabani Davood , Azizi Kourosh
Published: October 2022

Leishmaniaparasites can cause zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) by circulating between humans, rodents, and sandflies in Iran. In this study, published data were collected from scientific sources such as Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Springer, ResearchGate, Wiley Online, Ovid, Ebsco, Cochrane Library, Google scholar, and SID. Keywords searched in the articles, theses, and abstracts from 1983 to 2021 were cutaneous leishmaniasis, epidemiology, reservoir, vector, climatic factors, identification, and Iran. This review revealed that CL was prevalent in the west of Iran, while the center and south of Iran were also involved in recent years. The lack of facilities in suburban regions was an aggravating factor in the human community. Some parts of southern Iran were prominent foci of CL due the presence of potential rodent hosts in these regions.Rhombomys opimus,Meriones lybicus, andTatera indicawere well-documented species for hosting theLeishmaniaspecies in Iran. Moreover,R. opimushas been found with a coinfection ofLeishmania majorandL. turanicafrom the northeast and center of Iran. Mashhad, Kerman, Yazd, and sometimes Shiraz and Tehran foci were distinct areas forL. tropica. Molecular identifications using genomic diagnosis of kDNA and ITS1 fragments of the parasite indicated that there is heterogeneity in leishmaniasis in different parts of the country. Although cutaneous leishmaniasis has been a predicament for the health system, it is relatively under control in Iran.
Zahnmedizinische Diagnoseprävalenzen bei Kindern,
Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen mit psychischen Störungen im
Vergleich zu Gesunden-Analyse und Abschätzung kassenärztlicher
Abrechnungsdaten (2019)
Authors: Schmidt Peter , Reis Daniela , Schulte Andreas Gerhard , Fricke Oliver
Published: October 2022

Ziel Analyse mundgesundheitsbezogener Diagnoseprävalenzen bei
Kindern, Jugendlichen (KiJu), jungen Erwachsenen mit psychischen
Erkrankungen/Verhaltensstörungen (PEVS) und jenen der
Allgemeinbevölkerung in Deutschland anhand von kassenärztlichen
Abrechnungsdaten

Methode Anonym vom ZI (Zentralinstitut) bereitgestellte bundesweite
Abrechnungsdaten (2019) von GKV-Versicherten (0–44 Jahre) wurden
u. a. nach Geschlecht, Altersgruppen sowie ICD-K00-K14-Diagnose
stratifiziert.

Ergebnis Über diese Datenbank wurden keine verlässlichen
mund- bzw. zahngesundheitsbezogenen Aussagen generiert. Laut Datensatz wiesen
unabhängig von einer F-Diagnose 1,8% aller 11.854.384
KiJu-GKV-Versicherten sowie 0,2% der 18–44-Jährigen
(23.348.399 GKV-Versicherte) eine zahn-hartsubstanzbezogene Diagnose
(ICD-10-K02/K03.2) auf. Anhand verfügbarer Literatur zur
Kariesprävalenz von KiJu mit PEVS kann von einer mittleren ungewichteten
Prävalenz von 51% ausgegangen werden. Daran und der
F-Diagnoseprävalenz bei KiJu im Jahr 2017 orientierend, müssten
geschätzt 957.952 (Abb. 1) KiJu
mit einer PEVS auch eine Zahnkaries aufweisen.

Schlussfolgerung Die Kennzahlen mundgesundheitsbezogener,
ärztlicher Diagnoseprävalenzen bei Personen der
Allgemeinbevölkerung und Altersgenossen mit PEVS sind sehr gering.
Offensichtlich werden zahnbezogene Diagnosen von u. a. Haus- und
Kinderärzten nur äußerst selten vergeben. Die vorhandene
Literatur sowie klinische Erfahrung zeigen, dass diese kassenärztlichen
Abrechnungsdaten nicht geeignet sind die Zahngesundheit der Personengruppen
realistisch abzubilden. Somit ist für die Vernetzung, die Verbesserung
der Versorgungsforschung und Versorgung, z. B. von Subgruppen der
Gesellschaft, eine interprofessionelle zahn-/ärztliche,
datenschutzkonforme Zentraldatenbank anzustreben.
The Lateral Malleolus Is a Simple and Reliable Landmark that Can Be Used to Reliably Perform Restricted Kinematically Aligned Total Knee Arthroplasty—Anatomical and Clinical Studies in Japanese Population
Authors: Hiranaka Takafumi , Jackson William F. M. , Fujishiro Takaaki , Suda Yoshihito , Araki Shotaro , Kamenaga Tomoyuki , Koide Motoki , Okamoto Koji
Published: October 2022

In restricted kinematic alignment total knee arthroplasty (TKA), bone resection is performed within a safe range to help protect against failure from extreme alignments. Patient-specific instrumentation, navigations, and robotics are often required for restricting bone cuts within a specified safe zone. We hypothesized that the lateral malleolus could be used as a landmark for restricting the tibial osteotomy using a mechanical jig. Here, we examine its feasibility in anatomical and clinical settings. We studied long-leg standing radiographs of 114 consecutive patients (228 knees) who underwent knee arthroplasty in our institution. We measured the lateral malleolus angle (LMA), the angle between the tibial axis and the line between the center of the knee and the lateral surface of the lateral malleolus. The medial proximal tibial angle was also measured before and after restricted kinematic alignment TKA under restriction with reference to the lateral malleolus. Mean LMA was 5.5 ± 0.5 degrees. This was relatively consistent and independent of patient's height, weight, and body mass index. The lateral malleolus is a reliable bone landmark that can be used to recognize approximately 5.5 degrees of varus intraoperatively. A surgeon can use this as a restriction of the tibial varus cut up to 6 degrees without the requirement for expensive assistive technologies.
Use of Grafts on an Open Gap Is Advantageous for Preventing Correction Loss in 1-Week Staged Bilateral Open-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomies
Authors: Yoon Kyoung Ho , Song Sang Jun , Hwang Sung Hyun , Jung Cheol Hyun , Park Cheol Hee
Published: October 2022

One-week staged bilateral open-wedge high tibial osteotomies (OWHTOs) can be a safe procedure, with the added advantage of fast functional recovery, cost saving, and reduced hospital stay. However, there can be concerns about correction loss after 1-week staged OWHTOs because high loading is inevitably applied to osteotomy sites during postoperative weight bearing. Although leaving the osteotomy site with no grafts is possible in OWHTOs, the use of grafts can provide additional stability to the osteotomy site and prevent correction loss. We compared the amount and incidence of correction loss between 1-week staged bilateral OWHTOs with and without allogenic bone grafts. Seventy-five patients who underwent 1-week staged bilateral OWHTOs with a locking spacer plate (Nowmedipia, Seoul, Korea) by a single surgeon were retrospectively reviewed. Allogenic cancellous bone grafts were applied in 53 patients (group G; 106 knees, operated consecutively between 2012 and 2017) but not in 22 patients (group N; 44 knees, operated consecutively between 2017 and 2019). Demographics were similar between the groups. Radiographically, the mechanical axis (MA), medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA), and posterior tibial slope (PTS) were evaluated preoperatively and within 1 year postoperatively. Unstable hinge fracture was investigated using computed tomography in all cases. The incidence of correction loss (MPTA loss ≥ 3 degrees) was determined. There were no significant differences in the MA, MPTA, and PTS between the groups preoperatively and 2 weeks postoperatively. The incidence of unstable hinge fractures did not differ. The losses in MA, MPTA, and PTS during the first postoperative year were significantly greater in group N than in group G (MA, −5.5 vs. −2.3 degrees; MPTA, −3.0 vs. 0 degrees; PTS, −2.0 vs. −0.7 degrees; p < 0.05 on all parameters). The correction loss incidence was 6.6% (7/106) and 31.8% (14/44) in groups G and N, respectively (p < 0.001). Appropriate treatment is necessary to prevent correction loss in 1-week staged bilateral OWHTOs. Grafting, which provides additional stability to the osteotomy site, is a recommended method. Level of evidence is IV.
Perinatal Testicular Torsion in Northern Ireland: A Nationwide 10-Year Review
Authors: Alchoikani Nasib , MacCormack Brian , Marshall David
Published: October 2022

Introduction Perinatal or neonatal testicular torsion (PTT) is defined as testicular torsion within the first 30 days of life. PTT is a rare event, and bilateral PTT is even rarer. However, recent articles have advocated emergency bilateral exploration to exclude the catastrophic possibility of asymptomatic contralateral testicular torsion leading to anorchia. The aim of this study is to evaluate PTT in Northern Ireland (NI) using a nationwide population-based retrospective observational study.

Methods All boys in NI who underwent emergency scrotal exploration within their first 30 days of life for possible testicular torsion over a 10-year period (January 2010–December 2019 inclusive) were included. Intraoperative findings primarily evaluated included diagnosis and presence of synchronous or asynchronous (metachronous) contralateral testicular torsion. Secondary outcomes included correlation between intraoperative findings and any preoperative ultrasound scan (USS), and scrotal examination findings during postoperative outpatient follow-up.

Results A total of 19 patients who underwent emergency scrotal exploration in the study period were included. An intraoperative finding confirming the diagnosis of PTT was reported in 14 (73.7%) patients. The incidence of PTT was calculated as 11.3 per 100,000 per male live births in NI, with bilateral PTT accounting for two patients (14.2% of all PTTs), divided equally between synchronous and asynchronous PTTs. Of two affected testes where preservation was felt appropriate intraoperatively, only one was still palpable at follow-up, producing a testicular salvage rate after PTT of only 7.1%. Testicular findings on preoperative USS were confirmed intraoperatively in five out of six patients, producing a concordance rate of 83.3%.

Conclusion This is the first nationwide population-based study to calculate more accurately the incidence of PTT, and bilateral synchronous and asynchronous bilateral PTTs, all of which seem to be significantly higher than previously estimated. However, in keeping with previous reports, this study confirms the poor salvage rate of testes undergoing perinatal torsion, and suboptimal concordance between preoperative USS findings and intraoperative diagnosis.
Sink or float: a relativistic submarine
Authors: Piccone Ashley
Published: October 2022

In one frame of reference, a fast-moving submarine is Lorentz contracted and sinks. In another, the water becomes denser and the ship floats. But what really matters is the motion relative to Earth.
Newton-Einstein combination simplifies calculation of Mercury’s orbit
Authors: Piccone Ashley
Published: October 2022

The precession of the planet, which provided one of the first observational successes of general relativity, can be derived with a simple linearization method.
Numerical simulation and experimental study of gas–liquid two-phase flow pattern of hydrodynamic retarder
Authors: Wang Jiaxin , Ma Wenxing , Liu Chunbao , Fu Hongchao , Ma Liyong , Chen Jianlin
Published: October 2022

The internal flow of hydrodynamic retarder is a three-dimensional, complex, viscous, and unstable gas–liquid two-phase flow. The importance of numerical simulation of a hydrodynamic retarder has been paid attention to, but the research on the two-phase flow pattern of the retarder is rarely. Flow pattern diagnosis plays an important role in the study of two-phase flow because the premise of establishing the mathematical model of the two-phase flow is to accurately determine the flow structure of the flow system. Based on the numerical simulation and experimental research, this study found the corresponding relationship between the two-phase flow distribution inside the hydrodynamic retarder and the filling rate (expressed as “q”). The result shows that, when q = 0.1–0.2, the liquid in the working chamber is less. Under the action of centrifugal force, the liquid mainly gets distributed in the outer ring of the circulating circle, forming a laminar flow. When q = 0.3–0.4, the flow pattern of the gas–liquid two-phase flow changes from the laminar flow to slug flow. When q = 0.5–0.9, with a further increase in the filling ratio, the flow becomes a dispersed bubble flow. This paper provides an effective method for the analysis and identification of the two-phase flow pattern of a hydrodynamic retarder.