bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chemical analysis of wild edible mushrooms from the South-Western Amazon
Authors: Santos Geyse  Souza , Souza Bruno Jhosef Freires de , Brandão Ludmilla da Silva , Menezes Rui Santana de , Carvalho Clarice Maia
Published: January 2025

Edible mushrooms are widely studied because they have nutritional and medicinal properties, being considered a good source of protein, with an amount comparable to animal protein and low in fat. Due to the presence of specific bioactive compounds in mushrooms, they have a high therapeutic value in strengthening the immune system and preventing diseases and can be considered highly functional foods. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the nutritional composition of wild mushrooms from the South-western Amazon. Two fungal samples that showed low cytotoxicity against HepG2 in a previously done assay were used. To obtain mycelium, the isolated mushrooms were grown in Petri dishes with 20 mL of Potato-Dextrose-Agar and incubated at 28 ºC for 14 days. After this period, the mycelium was transferred to Erlenmeyer flasks containing 200 mL of Potato-Dextrose medium in a 10% proportion, for growth for another 14 days at 28 °C, without agitation. Then, the mycelium was separated from the liquid medium and dried for 24 hours in an oven at 37 °C, and then weighed and ground to do chemical analysis. Moisture, ash, lipids, proteins and carbohydrates from mushrooms 5.332 Oudemansiella cubensis and 5.358 Hohenbuehelia sp. were analyzed according to the methodologies of Instituto Adolfo Lutz [IAL] in triplicates. As a result, mushroom 5.332 O. cubensis had 11.12% moisture, 33.75% lipids, 2.90% ash, 47.27% protein and 9.97% carbohydrates, while mushroom 5.358 Hohenbuehelia sp. had 5.14% moisture, 26.38% lipids, 3.11% ash, 59.11% proteins and 6.26% carbohydrates. The Amazonian mushrooms analyzed in this work are rich in proteins and lipids, however they have a low carbohydrate content and can be considered potential sources of functional ingredients. This study contributes to the first report on the nutritional analysis of Oudemansiella cubensis and Hohenbuehelia sp.
Rising and Spreading: First record and ecological aspects of Platanichthys platana (Regan, 1917) in a major tributary of the Upper Paraná River, Brazil
Authors: Ferraz João Daniel , Casimiro Armando César Rodrigues , Jarduli Lucas Ribeiro , Garcia Diego Azevedo Zoccal , Luíz Matheus Chueire , Orsi Mário Luís
Published: January 2025

This study presents the first record of the sardine Platanichthys platana (Regan, 1917) in the Paranapanema River basin and provides insights into the species' ecological traits. A total of 164 juveniles and adults were sampled in 2019 and 2020 in the Lower Paranapanema River. Morphological analyses confirmed species identification, while reproductive analyses revealed different age classes among individuals, with higher sex ratio of females and mature gonads. Additionally, stomach analyses indicated a diet primarily composed of insects, followed by microcrustaceans. This species has been dispersing rapidly in the Upper Paraná River, where its reproductive characteristics may help its establishment, especially in reservoirs. Also, its feeding ecology favors its survival. However, interactions with large-sized invasive predators and influx of heavy metals in the food chain can occur, in addition to competition with small-sized native species.
Survival and oncological outcomes for young men (≤ 55 years) undergoing radical prostatectomy for localized prostate cancer
Authors: Zeighami Shahryar , Ariafar Ali , Makarem Alireza , Ahmed Faisal , Askarpour Mohammadreza
Published: January 2025

Objectives: This research aimed to compare the prostate cancer (PCa) features, survival rate, and functional outcomes after open suprapubic Radical Prostatectomy (RP) between younger men (≤ 55 years) and older men (> 55 years).Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, we studied 134 patients with clinically localized PCa who underwent RP at our centers between 2011 and 2019, with 26 (19.40%) patients aged ≤ 55. Pathological parameters, survival rate (at 5 and 10 years), and functional outcomes such as erectile function and continence rate (at two years from RP) were evaluated retrospectively, and the two groups were compared. The Chi-square test, Kaplan-Meier, and Cox proportional hazards method were used for statistical analysis.Results: Men aged ≤ 55 had greater rates of organ-confined tumors, lower D'Amico risk grouping, and pathologic Gleason grade than their older counterparts (all p<0.05). The median follow-up was 81 months. The overall survival rate at five and ten years in younger men vs older counterparts was 96.15% vs. 93.47% and 92.15% v. 82.13% but was not statistically significant (p=0.1539). Five-year biochemical recurrence-free and metastasis-free survival rates in younger men vs older counterparts were 96.2% vs 81.5% and 75.7% vs 51.5%. Men > 55 years were associated with worse BCR-free and metastasis-free survival in univariate analysis and worsening BCR in multivariate analysis. The continence rate was significantly improved in men aged ≤ 55 years compared to older counterparts (OR: 5.08; 95% CI: 1.61-22.61; p=0.013). However, erectile function was not statistically significant between groups [for moderate ED: (OR:1.08; 95% CI: 0.43-2.79, p=0.865), for severe ED (OR: 1.60; 95% CI: 0.35-11.50, p=0.579=)].Conclusions: Our study showed that survival rates were similar in younger men (≤ 55 years) and their older counterparts. However, older patients who underwent RP had more advanced disease, worse BCR-free survival, and worse continence rate. For localized prostate cancer patients under 55 years of age, radical prostatectomy is an excellent treatment option with excellent long-term survival results. Given the relatively small number of patients younger than 55, a large cohort study with long-term postprocedural follow-up is needed to validate this observation.
Ten years’ single surgeon experience of excision and primary anastomosis urethroplasty for traumatic urethral stricture: an analysis of risk factors for urethral stricture recurrence
Authors: Satyagraha Paksi , Wibowo Edi , Daryanto Besut , Duarsa Gede Wirya Diptanala Putra , Wijaya Adrianus Gupta , Dhani Fauzan Kurniawan
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Excision and primary anastomosis (EPA) urethroplasty is the standard treatment for traumatic urethral strictures, but managing them remains challenging for urologists. Identifying factors leading to EPA urethroplasty failure benefits both patients and surgeons. This study aims to analyze risk factors for urethral stricture recurrence after one-year follow-up of EPA urethroplasty.Materials and methods: Data on male patients undergoing EPA urethroplasty at the Urology Department of Saiful Anwar General Hospital from January 2013 until December 2023 were prospectively recorded. Successful urethroplasty, defined as the absence of additional treatment necessity, was assessed until 12 months follow-up. Demographic data, time to surgery, stricture etiology, comorbidities, prior urethral interventions, and operation steps were recorded. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 21.Result: Total 95 patients were observed, and 89 patients were included, averaging 41.2 ± 15.59 years old. EPA urethroplasty succeeded in 91% of cases over a median follow-up of 16.3 months. Pelvic fracture urethral injury (PFUI) was the predominant etiology in 74% of cases, with an average stricture length of 25.4 ± 16.3 mm. The average time to surgery was performed on average 6.67 ± 4.07 months after diagnosis. In univariate analysis, body mass index (BMI), time to surgery, and stricture length were associated with urethral stricture recurrence. However, only time to surgery showed a significant association in multivariate analysis.Conclusions: Obesity, the length of the stricture, and delayed surgical intervention are associated with an increased risk of urethral stricture recurrence in patients following EPA. EPA urethroplasty demonstrates a high success rate in managing traumatic urethral strictures.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cells enhance sacral wound healing in a patient with spinal cord injury: a case report
Authors: Delli Santi Giancarlo , Pilati Claudio , Borgognone Alessandro , Tiberti Simone
Published: January 2025

Pressure ulcers are one of the biggest problems in people with Spinal Cord Injury (SCI); this could affect both acute patients and people with chronic SCI, and in the same way bed-ridden patients and people with greater autonomy due to friction and shear mechanisms they are subjected during wheelchair bed transfers. The occurrence of a pressure injury also limits the rehabilitation potential and functional self-recovery. In this case, we reported the story of a 50-year-old man with paraplegia who developed a sacral pressure ulcer in the first days after SCI. Despite the many types of advanced dressings used, the efforts made, the care in positioning, we were unable to close the wound for 5 months. According to plastic surgeons, we decided to use autologous Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMNC) injections to accelerate the process of healing and in a few weeks it led to the complete closure of the sacral wound. PBMNC could be an interesting tool to reduce closing times in addition to advanced dressing; it could be used both in patients during the first period of rehabilitation after SCI and in out-patient settings.
Prediction model of PTO shaft fatigue damage considering sandy loam and loam in rotary-tillage operation
Authors: Jang Moon-Kyeong , Kim Seung-Jun , Cho Young-Hoo , Nam Ju-Seok
Published: January 2025

In this study, the fatigue damage to a power takeoff (PTO) shaft was evaluated under various operating conditions in rotary-tillage operations, considering soil strength and texture. Pearson correlation analysis was conducted to identify the significant variables influencing PTO shaft fatigue damage, and a prediction formula was derived through regression analysis using these variables. The PTO shaft exhibited increased shear stress with higher transmission gear stages, PTO gear stages, or soil properties, including strength and texture. The fatigue damage increased with higher transmission gear stages and soil strength while decreasing with higher PTO gear stages. Notably, as the PTO gear stage increased, the mean stress increased; however, the stress amplitude and equivalent completely reversed stress significantly reduced fatigue damage. Statistical analyses revealed a strong correlation between PTO shaft fatigue damage and factors such as tractor travel speed, PTO shaft power consumption, PTO shaft rotational speed properties, including strength and texture. The developed prediction equation, incorporating all significant variables, demonstrated, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.93 and a root mean square error (RMSE) of 2.94×10-9. This equation effectively identifies trends in PTO shaft fatigue damage based on key operational variables. Furthermore, the findings emphasize the critical role of soil texture in assessing PTO shaft fatigue damage.
The profile of long-stay patients in a psychiatric hospital in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: Myeni Siziphiwe Y. , Ntlantsana Vuyokazi , Tomita Andrew , Aguwa Ugochukwu S. , Bridgmohun Reyanta , Shabalala Sinethemba
Published: January 2025

Background: South African psychiatric hospitals’ inpatient average length of stay is approximately 220 days. Inpatient care accounts for over 80% of the mental national healthcare budget. However, there is limited research on factors associated with length of stay (LOS) in tertiary psychiatric hospitals.Aim: To determine the threshold for long-stay and describe the socio-demographic and clinical profile of long-stay patients admitted to a tertiary psychiatric hospital.Setting: Townhill Hospital: a tertiary psychiatric hospital in Pietermaritzburg, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.Methods: A retrospective review of clinical records of admissions between January 2019 and January 2020 was conducted. Information on LOS, sociodemographic and clinical factors was collected. The interquartile range (IQR) of LOS in days was calculated, with patients above 75th percentile classified as long-stay patients.Results: In total, 326 records were included. The 75th percentile LOS was 120 days. Eighty-three patients (25.46%) had a stay of 120 days or longer. The median LOS was 73 (IQR 49–120) days. Factors associated with long-stay included being male (p  0.001), a psychotic disorder diagnosis (p = 0.019), receiving a disability grant (p = 0.050), involuntary admission (p = 0.010) and multiple readmissions (p = 0.010).Conclusion: Psychotic disorders and associated factors are key contributors to long-stay hospitalisations.Contribution: This study highlights the burden of inpatient care for psychotic disorders and the need for interventions that optimise care and promote remission. To reduce the economic impact of prolonged hospitalisations, early intervention and enhanced community-based mental healthcare services focused on psychotic disorders are recommended.
‘A’ AND ‘V’ PATTERN STRABISMUS
Authors: Sukhija Jaspreet , Kaur Balwinder , Zadeng Zoram
Published: January 2025

Introduction Pattern strabismus is vertically inconcomitant strabismus, recognized by change in the degree of horizontal deviation in upgaze and downgaze. This entity has been recognized since long time but much signiicance was not given which resulted in poor surgical outcome in such cases. Due to complex and varied presentation, surgical management of this phenomenon is rather complex.
Antianemic activities of succinic acid and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane in Wistar rats with alloxan-induced diabetes
Authors: Victor Akalonu Ikechkwu , Chidi Iwuji Samnuel , Ogbonna Churchill , Chidimma Opara Eva
Published: January 2025

Background:

This study aimed to investigate the antianemic activity of plant-extracted succinic acid and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane in Wistar rats with alloxan-induced diabetes.

Methods:

The experiment was conducted at the Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Agbani, Enugu State. A total of 42 healthy male and female Wistar rats weighing approximately 100–150 g were randomly divided into seven groups, each comprising six rats. Group A (normal control) was only fed with water and food. Group B (the negative control group) was induced with diabetes using alloxan and left untreated. Group C (the positive control group) was induced and treated with metformin. Group D (test Group I) was treated with a combination of succinic acid and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane in a 50:50 ratio at 100 mg/kg body weight. Group E (test Group 2) was treated with succinic acid only at 100 mg/kg body weight. Group F (test Group 3) was treated with hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane at 100 mg/kg body weight. Group G (test Group 4) received a combination of succinic acid and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane in a 50:50 ratio at 200 mg/kg body weight. Several in vitro laboratory investigations were conducted to determine the activity of these phytocompounds in erythrocytes.

Results:

After 4 weeks of treatment, Group G, which received the 50:50 combination of succinic acid and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane at 200 mg/kg body weight, demonstrated significantly greater recovery from anemia (P <0.05). This finding suggests a possible synergistic effect in a dose- dependent manner.

Conclusion:

A 50:50 combination of succinic acid and hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight exhibits synergistic effects and may serve as a potential therapeutic option for preventing and treating anemia caused by chemically induced type 2 diabetes.
Pregnancy with a Left Ventricular Assist Device: A Narrative Review
Authors: Abraham Matthew S. , Andrews Lijo M. , Deo Harsha , Paul John , Angappan Santhalakshmi , Samuel Abraham , Abraham Abey S.
Published: January 2025

This narrative review discusses the various challenges associated with the presence of a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) during pregnancy. Given the hemodynamic and coagulation changes associated with pregnancy, the presence of an LVAD adds a layer of complexity with respect to optimal management. This review will discuss the anesthetic considerations when dealing with this subset of patients who may have other comorbidities alongside their advanced heart failure. Additionally, this paper aims to review successful pregnancies with an LVAD placement focusing on the mode of delivery and hemodynamic management risk.
Fast-Track Extubation in a Patient Undergoing Whole Lung Lavage: A Case Report
Authors: Sandeep Gade , Singha Subrata K. , Gupta Anil , Chinnadurai Keerthi , Gupta Harishchandra
Published: January 2025

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare pulmonary pathology characterized by the accumulation of surfactant within type II alveolar epithelial cells. Whole lung lavage is the standard treatment for pulmonary alveolar proteinosis involving a large volume of fluid is infused into one lung and subsequently retrieved while the other lung is remains ventilated. Fast-tracking a patient undergoing whole lung lavage requires vigilant monitoring of arterial blood gases, fluid status, and respiratory mechanics. We report a case of a patient who underwent whole lung lavage for PAP, where early extubation was performed, avoiding the complications associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation.
A Comprehensive Clinical Acumen Enhanced by Point-of-Care Ultrasonography in Managing Acute Life-Threatening Massive Pulmonary Thromboembolism in a Peripheral Setting: A Case Report
Authors: Chhaperwal Prabhav , Kumar Sudhir , Suri Gurbinder , Garg Uma , Kapoor Suraj , Devarakonda Bhargava
Published: January 2025

Acute massive pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) is a potentially life-threatening condition requiring urgent management to decrease mortality. However, in the peripheral setting, managing the emergency can be challenging. We report a case of massive PTE presenting with cardiopulmonary arrest, successfully managed with advanced cardiac life support, early initiation of anticoagulants (heparin), and thrombolytics. This case report explores the successful management of a critically ill patient presenting with massive pulmonary embolism in a peripheral healthcare facility, emphasizing the importance of a well-coordinated approach in such challenging environments. The approach in the case included recognizing the challenge with timely provisional diagnosis, initial stabilization, hemodynamic support, early consideration for anticoagulants, and thrombolysis after supporting provisional diagnosis with point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS), team effort, and administrative support in Cas Evac to the tertiary care center. Timely administration of heparin and thrombolytics may serve as potential life-saving measures in peripheral settings, along with the availability of an ultrasound machine. Managing acute life-threatening massive PTE in peripheral settings requires a strategic and resourceful approach. Timely administration of heparin and thrombolytics may serve as potential life-saving measures. However, the administration of thrombolytics in PTE needs the support of POCUS to make quick decisions in peripheral settings. Collaboration between peripheral and advanced tertiary care healthcare facilities is crucial to ensure optimal outcomes for patients experiencing this critical condition.
Accuracy of Intraoperative Transesophageal Echocardiographic Doppler Parameters in Assessing the Right Ventricular Diastolic Function After Repair of Tetralogy of Fallot in Pediatric Patients
Authors: Panidapu Nagarjuna , Babu Saravana , Dharan Baiju S. , Sen Barsha , Koshy Thomas
Published: January 2025

Background:

This study aimed to assess the accuracy of tricuspid spectral Doppler (E/A) and tissue Doppler parameters (E/E’) to diagnose right ventricular diastolic dysfunction (RVDD) in comparison to American Society of Echocardiography (ASE criteria) in pediatric tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) patients after surgical repair.

Methods:

This prospective, observational study was done at a tertiary care hospital involving 40 pediatric TOF patients aged less than 2 years who underwent complete intracardiac repair with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Echocardiographic observations were made using a pediatric transesophageal echocardiography probe after surgical repair in the post-CPB period. The ASE-described parameters (late diastolic forward flow in the main pulmonary artery, right atrial dilatation, inferior vena cava dilatation, and hepatic venous flow reversal) were acquired to diagnose the RVDD. The tricuspid Doppler parameters (E/A and E/E’) were measured, and its predictive ability to diagnose RVDD was analyzed and compared with the ASE criteria.

Results:

Based on the ASE criteria, 13 patients (32.5%) were diagnosed to have RVDD. We found that an E/E’ ratio of ≥ 6.26 and an E/A ratio of >1.34 can be taken as the cutoff for diagnosing the RVDD. Based on the tricuspid Doppler parameters (E/A > 1.34 and E/E’ >6.26), 17 patients (42.5%) were diagnosed to have RVDD, which was comparable to that of the diagnosis by ASE criteria (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

The results suggested that the use of tricuspid Doppler parameters can be equally accurate and reproducible to the current ASE-described echocardiographic parameters for diagnosing RVDD after surgical repair of TOF.
New Onset of Systolic Anterior Motion and Severe Mitral Regurgitation after Warm Ischemia in Donation after Circulatory Death Heart Transplantation
Authors: Albiol M Pozo , Arguis MJ , Carretero MJ , Otero S Martínez , Caravaca P , Alcocer J , Ripoll R Navarro
Published: January 2025

Donation after circulatory death is helping to expand the donor pool for heart transplantation. Nevertheless, these hearts are more susceptible to myocardial edema and decision of accepting the organ can be a challenge for the heart transplant team. Hemodynamic and echocardiographic criteria are used routinely, but there is still a lack of strong evidence that supports the decision-making in particular situations. That is why the authors found useful to analyze a case with a good outcome that could help accepting more organs in a situation of shortage.
Effect of an educational program on teachers’ knowledge and attitude regarding emergency care of dental trauma
Authors: Mohammed Fayza M. , Khalaf Shimaa A.
Published: January 2025

Background

Traumatic dental injuries are a serious concern and they were most common in schools. Many school-aged suffer some type of trauma to their primary or permanent teeth. The timely and effective response of skilled teachers is crucial for the prognosis of avulsed teeth.

Aim

To evaluate the effect of an educational program on teachers’ knowledge and attitude regarding emergency care of dental trauma.

Study design

Quasi-experimental pre/post-test.

Setting

Nine schools were selected by stratified random sampling technique.

Sample

A total of 300 teachers were selected randomly.

Patients and method

Two tools; tool one interview questionnaire divided into: Part (I): Personal and demographic data, Part (II): Teachers’ knowledge regarding emergency care of dental trauma. Tool two: Teachers’ attitude toward their role in emergency care of dental trauma.

Results

It was found that 54.7% of teachers aged greater than or equal to 40 years, 64.3% of the selected teachers were male. Also, 91% of them had poor knowledge in preprogram which became 3% after program application and 38.3% of teachers had a positive attitude toward dental trauma in preprogram increased to be 84.7% postprogram intervention.

Conclusion

Teachers’ knowledge and attitude about emergency care of dental trauma was significantly improved after the educational program.

Recommendations

Continuous health education programs for schools’ teachers to increase their knowledge concerning the emergency management of traumatic dental injuries.
Association between electronic media addiction and adolescents’ behavioral changes
Authors: Elrahman Ahmed Faten A.A. , Mohamed Nehad H. , Gaber Naglaa M. , Sadik Mohamed N.E.
Published: January 2025

Background

Electronic media, such as computers, tablets, and mobile phones, are now widely used in areas of communication, education, entertainment, and business around the world. While there are many benefits to this, uncontrolled technology usage can lead to problems such as electronic media addiction (EMA).

Aim

This study aimed to investigate the association between EMA and behavioral changes among adolescents.

Research design

A descriptive correlational research design was used.

Sample

A purposive sample of 294 students.

Setting

This study was carried out in two schools in Cairo Governorate, the first one is Al-Moneera Preparatory Governmental Language School, and the second school is Al-Mobtadayan Secondary Governmental Language School.

Tools

The tools used in the study were sociodemographic and electronic media usage sheet, Multiple Screen Addiction Scale, and Adolescent Behavioral Changes Questionnaire.

Results

Of the study sample, 75.50% exhibited monothetic EMA and 24.5% exhibited polythetic EMA. Near half of the study sample (45.9%) had moderate behavioral changes and only 9.5% of the study sample had significant behavioral changes. Moreover, there was a significant positive correlation between EMA and behavioral changes among the studied sample.

Conclusion

The prevalence of EMA is higher among adolescents, which negatively affects their behavior. The main behavioral changes were aggression, hyperactivity, conduct problems, and emotional problems.

Recommendations

Safe electronic media usage should be endorsed into students’ curriculum.
Mitochondrial transplantation: a promising strategy for the treatment of retinal degenerative diseases
Authors: Chi Jing , Fan Bin , Li Yulin , Jiao Qing , Li Guang-Yu
Published: January 2025

The retina, a crucial neural tissue, is responsible for transforming light signals into visual information, a process that necessitates a significant amount of energy. Mitochondria, the primary powerhouses of the cell, play an integral role in retinal physiology by fulfilling the high-energy requirements of photoreceptors and secondary neurons through oxidative phosphorylation. In a healthy state, mitochondria ensure proper visual function by facilitating efficient conversion and transduction of visual signals. However, in retinal degenerative diseases, mitochondrial dysfunction significantly contributes to disease progression, involving a decline in membrane potential, the occurrence of DNA mutations, increased oxidative stress, and imbalances in quality-control mechanisms. These abnormalities lead to an inadequate energy supply, the exacerbation of oxidative damage, and the activation of cell death pathways, ultimately resulting in neuronal injury and dysfunction in the retina. Mitochondrial transplantation has emerged as a promising strategy for addressing these challenges. This procedure aims to restore metabolic activity and function in compromised cells through the introduction of healthy mitochondria, thereby enhancing the cellular energy production capacity and offering new strategies for the treatment of retinal degenerative diseases. Although mitochondrial transplantation presents operational and safety challenges that require further investigation, it has demonstrated potential for reviving the vitality of retinal neurons. This review offers a comprehensive examination of the principles and techniques underlying mitochondrial transplantation and its prospects for application in retinal degenerative diseases, while also delving into the associated technical and safety challenges, thereby providing references and insights for future research and treatment.
On localisation of eigenfunctions of the Laplace operator
Authors: van den Berg Michiel , Bucur Dorin
Published: January 2025

We prove (i) a simple sufficient geometric condition for localisation of a sequence of first Dirichlet eigenfunctions provided the corresponding Dirichlet Laplacians satisfy a uniform Hardy inequality and (ii) localisation of a sequence of first Dirichlet eigenfunctions for a wide class of elongating horn-shaped domains. We give examples of sequences of simply connected, planar, polygonal domains for which the corresponding sequence of first eigenfunctions with either Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions

\kappa

-localise in

L^{2}

.
Language and Sustainability, Linguistic Sustainability: Between Economization and Simulative Democracy?
Authors: Rocco Goranka
Published: January 2025

The study is intended as a contribution to linguistic reflection on the desideratum of sustainability in relation to the use of language and to discourses on language. Starting from the question of how the concept of linguistic sustainability is used in different languages and linguistic approaches, it discusses the results of early research in the field of ecolinguistics and the ecology of language, as well as the competing and partly overlapping concepts of (linguistic) diversity and vitality. It then explores the question of how sustainability, hegemonic aspirations and monolingual or multilingual language habitus relate to each other, especially in an age of increasing economization of knowledge and growing ranking pressure on educational and research institutions: Is the goal of linguistic sustainability and the preservation of linguistic-cultural diversity seriously pursued and perceived as achievable, or are the corresponding key terms (multilingualism, diversity) primarily part of a basically inconsequential “post-materialist” discourses? The considerations lead to a reflection on the possibilities and limits of linguistic sustainability with regard to the progressive economization of knowledge and science, which influence language use, and on the other hand with regard to the gap between real developments, which seem to privilege one or at best a few languages, and the official narratives on the promotion of multilingualism. This gap is interpreted in the context of the hypothesis of structural or systemic social unsustainability (Blühdorn 2020) and particularly in line with Blühdorn’s concept of ‘Simulative Democracy’ (2013).
Gut für dich, gut für den Planeten
Authors: Janich Nina , Sachse Gina-Maria , Simon Niklas
Published: January 2025

In diesem Beitrag wird die Relevanz raumsprachlicher Perspektivierungen in der Nachhaltigkeitskommunikation von Unternehmen untersucht. Das Korpus der Fallstudie besteht aus 30 deutschsprachigen Produktverpackungen für Milch- und Milchersatzprodukte. Der Vergleich dieser beiden Branchen zeigt, dass Raumbezüge sprachlicher und visueller Art in vielfältiger Weise und zugunsten ganz unterschiedlicher Raumkonzepte vorkommen. Dabei werden ökologische, soziale und ökonomische Dimensionen von Nachhaltigkeit in die Werbeargumentation eingebracht. Der Vergleich der beiden Branchen zeigt jedoch, dass bei Milchprodukten unter ‚lokal‘ Nähe, Regionalität, Nachbarschaft und Heimat verstanden werden, während es bei Milchersatzprodukten eher um das Spannungsverhältnis zwischen europäischem Handelsraum und globalem Mehrwert der Produkte geht. Entsprechend finden sich in den Texten auf Milchprodukten auch eher unternehmerische Selbstzuschreibungen von Verantwortung für nachhaltige Entwicklung, während sich die Texte auf Milchersatzprodukten auf den:die Verbraucher:in richten, dessen:deren Konsumentscheidung als verantwortungsvolles Handeln gelobt wird.
Der Nachhaltigkeitsdiskurs in der Lebensmittelwerbung
Authors: Bernardič Nika , Polajnar Janja
Published: January 2025

Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich mit dem seit einigen Jahren gesamtgesellschaftlich und in der Produktkommunikation höchst relevanten Nachhaltigkeitsdiskurs und wie er sich in der aktuellen Werbung zeigt. Im Fokus der exemplarischen diskurslinguistischen Untersuchung stehen deutschsprachige Nachhaltigkeitskampagnen dreier unterschiedlicher Handelsketten mit ausgewählten TV-Werbespots und Facebook-Werbeanzeigen (2019–2021), die ökologische, ökonomische und soziale Dimensionen der Nachhaltigkeit thematisieren. Anhand des DIMEAN-Analysemodells wird erarbeitet, welche Dimensionen und Teilthemen der Nachhaltigkeit durch sprachliche und nicht-sprachliche Mittel im anvisierten Diskursausschnitt in den Fokus rücken. Es wird gezeigt, dass in der Lebensmittelwerbung Nachhaltigkeit und nachhaltig zum einen explizit sprachlich zum Thema gemacht werden, und zum anderen mit verschiedenen Leitthemen wie etwa Ökologie, Verpackung, Lokalität und gesellschaftliches Bewusstsein unter Einsatz von einer Vielfalt an sprachlichen und nichtsprachlichen Mitteln (u.a. Emojis) eng verzahnt thematisiert werden.
Zur Erzählung über den DFB und seine Nachhaltigkeitsstrategie
Authors: Grove Ditlevsen Marianne , Nielsen Martin
Published: January 2025

Der vorliegende Beitrag befasst sich mit Nachhaltigkeitskommunikation in Anbetracht des Umstands, dass nicht nur Regierungen, sondern auch Organisationen Verantwortung für eine nachhaltige Entwicklung übernehmen sollten. Als Konsequenz aus ihrer sich wandelnden gesellschaftlichen Rolle entwickeln viele Organisationen Nachhaltigkeitsstrategien als Teil ihrer übergeordneten organisationalen Strategien. Oft werden solche Nachhaltigkeitsstrategien in konkreten Nachhaltigkeitsstrategiedokumenten formuliert, die als Strategiedokumente zur Regelung organisationalen Verhaltens und organisationaler Entscheidungsfindungsprozesse verwendet werden, um den übergeordneten organisationalen strategischen Zweck zu erfüllen und führungsbestimmte Zielsetzungen zu erreichen. Allerdings scheint das Wissen über solche Nachhaltigkeitsstrategiedokumente aus kommunikationswissenschaftlicher Perspektive recht beschränkt zu sein. Vor diesem Hintergrund ist es das Ziel dieses Beitrags herauszuarbeiten, wie die Nachhaltigkeitsstrategie des Deutschen Fußballbundes (DFB vermittelt wird, (1) um zu diskutieren, wie sich eine Organisation wie der DFB in Fragen der Nachhaltigkeit positioniert, und (2) um einen theoretischen Beitrag zur Erforschung der Kommunikation von Nachhaltigkeitsstrategien zu leisten. Eine linguistisch-kommunikative Analyse des DFB-Nachhaltigkeitsstrategiedokuments aus einer Storytelling-Perspektive bildet dabei die empirische Basis. Der DFB ist eine unter zahlreichen Organisationen, aber eine der wenigen Sportorganisationen, die sich strategisch mit Nachhaltigkeit auseinandersetzen, was an der elaborierten und informativen Website erkennbar ist. Auf der Grundlage einer Kombination aus Storytelling- und Isotopieanalyse wird deutlich, dass sich der DFB in Bezug auf die Überwindung des negativen Nachhaltigkeits-Ist-Zustands als verantwortungsvoller, pro-aktiver und altruistischer Akteur darstellt und dadurch zu einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung beiträgt. Neben den Aktivitäten des DFB besteht der Beitrag des DFB aus der Nachhaltigkeitsstrategie selbst mit seinen zahlreichen Initiativen sowie aus der Identität des DFB, einschließlich seiner Werte. Schließlich spielt der Fußball als der Sport, den der DFB repräsentiert, durchgängig eine wichtige Rolle in der Konstruktion der Identität des DFB im Nachhaltigkeitsstrategiedokument.
Kritische Perspektiven auf Nachhaltigkeit in verschiedenen Kommunikationskontexten
Authors: Polajnar Janja , Rocco Goranka
Published: January 2025

Im Kontext der wissenschaftlichen und politischen Diskussion über den Begriff der Nachhaltigkeit wurden in den vergangenen Jahrzehnten mehrere Ansätze und Modelle entwickelt, die sich ihm zu nähern versuchen. So nennt z.B. das 2015 zuletzt aktualisierte Lexikon der Nachhaltigkeit (2015a) u.a. das auf dem Prinzip der Kreislaufwirtschaft beruhende Cradle-to-Cradle-Modell, das Drei-Säulen-Modell, das Ein-Säulen-Modell & Pyramiden Modell, Tripple Bottom Line und Tripple Top Line. Das vielzitierte und mit dem Konzept der Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) eng verbundene „Drei-Säulen-Modell“ geht hierbei von einer prinzipiellen Gleichrangigkeit bzw. einem anzustrebenden Gleichgewicht zwischen Wirtschaft, Ökologie und Sozialem auf gesamtwirtschaftlicher und gesellschaftspolitischer, globaler und unternehmerischer Ebene aus, „das motivieren soll, einen Ausgleich zwischen den Interessen zu schaffen und das Ziel einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung im Sinne der Brundtland-Definition zu erreichen“ (Lexikon der Nachhaltigkeit 2015b).
Some practical applications of Bernard Matolino’s limited communitarianism
Authors: Enyimba Maduka , Awugosi Chukwuemeka
Published: January 2025

Bernard Matolino’s critique of both the radical and moderate communitarian conception of personhood in African philosophy has itself been widely criticized by scholars such as Anthony Oritsegbugbemi Oyowe, Kai Horsthemke, and Mesembe Edet, just to mention a few. One of their major criticisms is that Matolino’s alternative theory of personhood, known as limited communitarianism, is not different from Gyekye’s moderate communitarianism in any significant sense. He has also been criticized for committing the same error for which he rejects the views of Gyekye. We expose some of the weaknesses of these criticisms by showing some remarkable ways in which limited communitarianism differs from moderate communitarianism. We then demonstrate some of the practical relevance of limited communitarianism for moral decision-making, resolution of social problems, and personal and social development.
Ubuntu, umuntu and ubuntu: A response to Matolino and Kwindingwi
Authors: Molefe Motsamai , Muade Elphus
Published: January 2025

The paper proffers a response to Bernard Matolino’s and Wenceslaus Kwindingwi’s rejection of UBUNTU. To do so, the paper does three things. First, it clarifies important concepts of Ubuntu ethics. That is, it distinguishes among the concepts of Ubuntu (African philosophy), ubuntu (virtue or excellence) and umuntu (a human being and the value of human dignity associated with her/him). Second, it proffers a defense of Ubuntu ethics, which it [Ubuntu ethics] will construe as a perfectionist moral theory that requires the agent to perfect herself/himself by developing ubuntu (the final good). Finally, the paper provides reasons why we should not call for the end of Ubuntu ethics by suggesting how it (Ubuntu ethics) has conceptual, moral and political resources – such as human dignity and ubuntu – to construct a robust polity.
Investigation on the performance of U-Slot and Truncated Corner Patch microstrip antenna
Authors: Aderinola Musefiu , Shuaibu Isiaka , Haladu Nura Abdullahi
Published: January 2025

In this study, the performance of a U-Slot (U-S) microstrip patch antenna and a Truncated Corner Patch (TCP) microstrip patch antenna was investigated at a frequency of 10GHz, utilizing Roggers 5880 as the substrate material. The simulation results indicated that U-S and TCP have: impedance of 284Ω and 50Ω, return loss 2.5 dB and 11dB, reflection coefficient of -7dB and 0.3 dB and Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) of 9 dB and 3 dB. Based on these results, it can be observed that that TCP microstrip patch antenna outperform the U-S microstrip patch antenna in term of impedance, return loss and reflection coefficient. The TCP antenna exhibits a lower impedance of 50Ω compared to 284Ω for U-S antenna. Additionally, the TCP demonstrates a higher return loss of 11dB and a lower reflection coefficient of 0.3 dB indicating better matching and reduced signal reflection compared to the U-S antenna.
Performance efficiency of locally available low-cost adsorbents in purification of biogas for high grade applications
Authors: Odero Victor O. , Ochieng Francis X. , Njogu Paul M.
Published: January 2025

Despite having several benefits, the uptake of biogas as a green fuel in rural areas has remained low. One of the technical challenges responsible for slow biogas adoption rate in rural households is biogas contamination. Biogas requires treatment before use, this includes; purification and upgrading. Purification involves the removal of impurities whereas upgrading aims to convert the biogas to a higher fuel standard by increasing its low calorific value. The aimof this study was to develop and test the performance of a cost-effective and affordable system for purification of biogas using low-cost absorbents, thus upgrading biogas to a sustainable clean cooking fuel. The study employed an experimental research design. A pilot domestic scale biogas cleaning system was set up at the Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology (JKUAT) IEET workshop. The study sought to determine the potential and efficiency of locally available and low-cost adsorbents in purification of raw biogas. The raw biogas was passed through the cleaning units, each packed with individual adsorbent. Analysis ofthe biogas for methane (CH4) composition was done before and after each cleaning unit using digital biogas analyzer model GASTiger 2000, supplied by Yantai Stark Instrument Company limited. The locally available low-cost adsorbents used in the study were; red soil, charcoal, steel wool, clay soil, iron shavings and wood ash. This study also tested the effect of the various physical interfaces of the adsorbents, where a cleaning unit packed with two or more of the adsorbents was used. The study shows that adsorption by clay soil and charcoal gave highest methane concentrations at 67.48±2.33% and 67.20±1.08% respectively from 58.47±2.12% in raw biogas. Cleaning by the other adsorbents; red soil, wood ash, steel-wool and iron shavings improved methane concentrations to 61.76±0.71%, 60.75±2.47%, 58.97±1.92% and 58.56±1.96% respectively. Combination of the various adsorbents into one cleaning unit further improved methane levels to 69.83±1.57%. These results, despite exhibiting relatively low adsorption of the impurities in raw biogas, positively confirmed that indeed the low-cost adsorbent materials have a potential in biogas purification. Modification of these low-cost adsorbent materials, such as use of activated charcoal, would be one of the ways to improve their performance. However, this study specifically sought to explore the potential of these low-cost adsorbents in purification of raw biogas, in their natural state. This study recommends further exploration of other relatively less technical methods such as water scrubbing that could be coupled with the use of natural low-cost adsorbents to improve the purification of raw biogas to near, if not equivalent to, natural gas (that is in the regions of 97-100% CH4 concentration). Thus, for a possible adoption as an alternative means of cleaning and upgrading raw biogas to a clean cooking fuel.
Ithome concolorella (Chambers, 1875) on Ascension Island (Lepidoptera: Cosmopterigidae: Chrysopeleiinae)
Authors: Karisch Timm
Published: January 2025

The author reports on the occurrence of Ithome concolorella on Ascension Island. Although it is a relatively recent introduction, the species has spread quickly over all parts of the island, with highest abundances recorded in lower and mid altitudes. Larvae have not yet been found, but it is assumed that they feed on introduced plant species, such as Mexican Thorn, Prosopis juliflora and Horse Tamarind, Leucaena leucocephala.
Awareness of Risk Factors for Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus among Undergraduates at a Private University in Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Oluwafunmilayo Abiodun Oluwaseun , Aghogho Ehwarieme Timothy
Published: January 2025

BackgroundDiabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic condition marked by high blood sugar due to issues with insulin production or function, posing a significant global health challenge. Its prevalence is rapidly increasing, with projections rising from 537 million cases in 2021 to 783 million by 2045, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. AimThe study evaluated the level of awareness of predictive factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among undergraduate students of Achievers University Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria.MethodsA cross-sectional analytical study involving 318 respondents was conducted using a self-administered Google Form questionnaire. Binary and multiple logistic regression analysis were used for data analysis with a significance level set at p<0.05. Analysis were carried out using SPSS version 28.ResultsThe study found that 222 (70%) of the respondents have high awareness of predictive factors for the development of T2DM while 96(30%) have low awareness. The study found that age (AOR = 4.883, P<0.001; 95% CI 1.483-2.848), persistent unhealthy diet (AOR = 8.685; 95% CI 1.837-3.285; P<0.006), and heredity (AOR = 6.930; 95% CI 1.294-2.834; P<0.001) are independent predictors of awareness of T2DM. ConclusionThis study revealed that the participants had a good level of awareness with regard to the predictive factors of T2DM. However, since a significant proportion had a low level of awareness, there is a need for health promotion and educational programs to be run aimed at addressing gaps in knowledge among the undergraduates.Rwanda J Med Health Sci 2024;7(3):495-505
ioinvasão do camarão-arco-íris Mierspenaeopsis sculptilis (Heller, 1862) em pescarias em águas estuarinas da Amazônia, Brasil
Authors: Cintra Israel , Martins Débora , Alves-Junior Flávio , Iespa Bruno , Klautau Alex , Rabelo José Maria , Silva Elton , Miranda Walder , Monteiro Anna , Miranda Nil , Barbosa José Milton
Published: January 2025

As a consequence of the severe drought in the Amazon region, there has been a decrease in the volume of
water in the river basins and a loss of river flow in the northern region of Brazil. As a result of this factor, there
has been a greater presence of marine waters entering continental regions, which is favoring the spread of the
rainbow shrimp Mierspenaeopsis sculptilis (Heller, 1880), which is an exotic species to Brazil, but its presence
is being expanded to estuarine waters in the municipalities of Colares, Vigia, São Caetano de Odivelas and
Curuçá, all located in northeastern Pará. In these regions, its presence has been detected since September 2024,
but the official records of the species are being made in this study. The presence of M. sculptilis in Brazilian
waters may be linked to transportation by ballast water, in addition to its expansion in estuarine and marine
waters in Brazil associated with climate change events. This study warns of the presence and high
dissemination of the species in the northern region, and reinforces the need for mitigating measures to control
the bioinvasion of M. sculptilis in Brazil.
Análise do nitrogênio, fósforo, alcalinidade e dureza em diferentes amostras de águas naturais e impactadas
Authors: Andrade Douglas , Fortumato Murilo , Pamplin Paulo
Published: January 2025

This study investigated water quality in streams located in the Poços de Caldas plateau, MG, Brazil, by analyzing concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, alkalinity, and hardness. These variables are essential for the health of aquatic ecosystems and human water use, as excessive nutrient levels such as nitrogen and phosphorus can lead to eutrophication, impacting aquatic fauna. The study compared three types of streams: Impacted Urban (IU), Preserved Urban (PU), and Preserved Natural (PN), with water samples collected monthly throughout 2015 using a multiparameter sensor. The results were analyzed using ANOVA and Pearson correlation, revealing significant differences in variable among the stream types. Impacted streams showed higher nutrient concentrations, associated with human activities such as agricultural runoff and wastewater discharge. The correlation between hardness and alkalinity highlighted the influence of calcium and magnesium ions, common in agricultural areas and regions with carbonate rocks. These findings underscore the need for mitigation strategies to reduce pollution and protect the chemical stability of water, suggesting practices such as reduced fertilizer use and riparian zone restoration to control nutrient levels. The study reinforces the importance of constant monitoring and environmental management policies to preserve water quality in aquatic environments.