bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Ordinary Ship and Its Stories of Early Globalism
Authors: Heng Geraldine
Published: March 2019

An ordinary ship and its cargo can tell the story of far-flung global markets, human voyaging, and early industrialization in China that supplied exports to the world. Sometime after 825 CE an Arab dhow set sail from the port of Guangzhou in coastal south China, having unloaded its goods from the Near East, and reloaded with some estimated 70,000 ceramics and other items, on its return voyage to the Abbasid empire. Taking the route that has been called “the maritime silk road,” this hand-sewn ship made of planks fastened with coconut fiber (without any nails) seems to have decided to offload some cargo first in maritime Southeast Asia, perhaps intending to pick up a secondary cargo of spices, resins, and aromatics for which the Indonesian islands were famed. The dhow sank near the island of Belitung, at a reef called Batu Hitam (“Black Rock”).

Fifty-five thousand ceramic wares, along with gold and silver ornaments, ingots, mirrors, ewers, vases, jars, cups, incense burners, boxes, flasks, bottles, graters, and the like—and two objects that may have been children’s toys, and a re-soldered gold bracelet sized for a woman’s wrist—were excavated intact in 1998, and are housed at the Asian Civilisations Museum in Singapore. This ninth-century dhow is the only ship of its kind ever recovered, though hand-sewn ships that plied the Indian Ocean are described in travel accounts from as early as the first-century CE. The dhow is a remarkable example of the global ships carrying people, goods, ideas, religion, and culture, which knit the world into relationship along transoceanic routes. Its vast trove of ceramics is the earliest physical evidence attesting the industrial production of ceramics in China for export to foreign markets as early as the Tang Dynasty (618–907). Designs painted on the great majority of the ceramic wares were favored in the export market, not in China.

Part of the trove includes prototypes of blue-and-white ceramics for which China would become famous 400 years later: ceramic experiments that feature Iraqi designs attesting global interrelationships in art and the exchange of ideas. The crews of ships such as this one were multiracial, multireligious, and assembled from everywhere: The cargo, knowledges, and stories these diverse, anonymous voyagers helped to transfer across the world transform our understanding of scale, time, and globalism.
Holy War in Ibn Khaldūn
Authors: Albarrán Javier
Published: March 2019

This article aims to compare the different conceptions of holy war in Islam and Christianity by way of its depiction by Muslim sources, and to examine if the Islamic context would have conceived of a war carried out by Christians, and therefore infidels, as a holy one. This leads to analysis of whether the Islamic idea of holy war could be understood as a transcultural one or if, on the contrary, its sole conception was limited to those actions carried out by Muslims. To that end, Ibn Khaldūn’s (d. 1406) Kitāb al-‘Ibar will be used as a case study, in which his famous Muqaddima serves as its introduction. The choice of this source is based on two considerations: it is one of the most important and influential historiographical works of the Islamic world; and Ibn Khaldūn maintains a universalist vision of history and its processes, and therefore specifically aims to be cross-cultural.
Prevalence of co-morbidities in a specialist weight management programme prior to bariatric surgery
Authors: Fountain Daniel , Al Kharaiji Mohammed , Awad Sherif , Hughes David , Idris Iskandar
Published: March 2019

Objective: There is limited evidence on the prevalence of patients’ obesity-related co-morbidities and the effectiveness of specialist multidisciplinary weight management (Tier 3) programmes prior to bariatric surgery. We therefore evaluate and report the prevalence of co-morbidities in patients attending a Tier 3 service within the National Health Service.Methods: This was a prospective observational study of consecutive patients who attended the Tier 3 service at the East Midlands Bariatric Metabolic Institute throughout 2017.Results: 430 patients attended the service over the study observation period. Twelve patients (2.8%) were excluded from our analysis due to incomplete data. 70.8% of patients were women, mean age at baseline was 46.4 years, mean±SD weight and body mass index at baseline were 137.8±29.2 kg and 48.0±8.6 kg/m2, respectively. The most common co-morbidities recorded at baseline were type 2 diabetes mellitus (31.1%), hypertension (31.1%), depression (26.1%), obstructive sleep apnoea (23.2%) and osteoarthritis (15.6%). Significant weight loss was observed at the 3-month and 6-month follow-up points, but not at the 9- or 12-month follow-up points. 22.5% of patients achieved weight loss of ≥5%.Conclusion: The prevalence of co-morbidities within this Tier 3 service was high. While specialised weight management services may achieve moderate weight loss through a multidisciplinary intervention, future evaluation of clinical outcomes of specialist weight services should also include co-morbidity outcomes.
Administração de diretórios partidários e ação política de elites provinciais no Brasil do Segundo Reinado: a implantação do Centro Liberal e suas implicações no funcionamento do Partido Liberal na Província do Paraná (1868-1889)
Authors: Richter Gomes Sandro Aramis
Published: March 2019

O presente artigo contém uma investigação acerca dos impactos da reorganização do diretório nacional do Partido Liberal na gestão do Partido Liberal na Província do Paraná no decorrer dos decênios de 1870 e 1880. O argumento fundamental deste estudo afirma que a mencionada reorganização não provocou o aumento do controle do diretório nacional sobre as demais instâncias administrativas da agremiação. A elite política ligada ao Partido Liberal no Paraná conservou a sua autonomia para definir o modelo de gestão e os modos de funcionamento das unidades locais da grei. Por conseguinte, é evidenciado que no fim dos anos 1870 tal autonomia originou um modelo de gestão marcado pela existência de um chefe supremo. Portanto, cabe demonstrar que, por um lado, a reorganização administrativa do Partido Liberal não reduziu as prerrogativas das elites regionais de elaborarem critérios próprios para o governo local de diretórios. Por outro lado, essa reorganização não promoveu, no contexto do Paraná, uma renovação do quadro de dirigentes da agremiação.
Presenças da ditadura e esperanças na Constituição: as demandas da população sobre a prática da tortura
Authors: Bauer Caroline Silveira
Published: March 2019

Nos anos de 1986 e 1987, paralelamente aos trabalhos da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte, através de uma iniciativa de servidores do Senado Federal para a participação da população na elaboração do texto constitucional, desenvolveu-se o projeto Diga Gente, que possibilitava o envio de sugestões aos constituintes. Propõem-se neste artigo, uma reflexão em relação às presenças da ditadura e às esperanças na Constituição a partir das demandas relativas à tortura que foram apresentadas pelos cidadãos. Para tanto, serão feitas algumas considerações sobre como a promulgação da Lei de Anistia, entendida como uma “política de esquecimento”, procurou interditar o tema na conjuntura da transição política, para, em seguida, apresentar o projeto Diga Gente e, finalmente, analisar a irrupção de falas sobre a ditadura e suas práticas, principalmente a tortura, nas reivindicações encaminhadas aos parlamentares.
Percepções sobre a violência no processo de estruturação do MST no Nordeste brasileiro (1985-1995)
Authors: Debiazi Rose Elke
Published: March 2019

Este artigo discute as diferentes faces e facetas da violência no Nordeste brasileiro após o fim da ditadura civil militar (1964-1985). Por meio da metodologia em História Oral, problematizamos um conjunto de entrevistas realizadas com lideranças do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST) que, durante os anos de 1980 e 1990, deslocaram-se da região Sul para outras regiões do País, principalmente para o Nordeste, com a tarefa de estruturar o MST nacionalmente.
Hygrothermal assessment of roofs with above-rafter thermal insulation in the detail of the eave overhang
Authors: Soudek Pavel , Kalousek Lubor , Žák Antonín
Published: March 2019

This paper is focused on hygrothermal assessment of the eave overhang detail in above-rafter placed thermal insulation roof system. Results of the long-term measurement of this detail performed on a real building as well as the testing of the measuring method are presented in this paper. Within this measurement the moisture of wooden elements performing an eave overhang of the roof was monitored primarily in order to verify their long-term functionality. In addition the temperature and relative humidity in the roof structure were measured as well. As part of this measurement, various design variants of above mentioned detail in combination with different compositions of the roof structure were compared. The long-term functionality of the assessed details is evaluated in the conclusion of this paper, taking into account especially hygrothermal status of wooden element, which is associated with threats of infestation of these elements by wood decaying fungi or insects.
Mantidflies (Neuroptera, Mantispidae) from Tocantins state (Brazil): distribution and identification key
Authors: Alvim Breno Ganns Chaves , Machado Renato Jose Pires , Krolow Tiago Kütter
Published: March 2019

This study focused on Mantispidae species (Neuroptera) from Tocantins state in Brazil. Herein we provide nine new records to this state, increasing the total number of mantidflies from Tocantins to 12. New records are as following: Anchieta fumosella (Westwood, 1867); Dicromantispa moulti (Navás, 1909); Entanoneura batesella (Westwood, 1867); Haematomantispa sp.; Leptomantispa chaos Hoffman, 2002; Plega hagenella (Westwood, 1867); Trichoscelia varia (Walker, 1853); Zeugomantispa compellens (Walker, 1860); Z. virescens (Rambur, 1842). We also provide the first list of Mantispidae species from Tocantins, including general notes for each one, and identification key for these species.
MINING TOP-K FREQUENT SEQUENTIAL PATTERN IN ITEM INTERVAL EXTENDED SEQUENCE DATABASE
Authors: Tran Duong Huy , Nguyen Thang Truong , Vu Thi Duc , Tran Anh The
Published: March 2019

Abstract. Frequent sequential pattern mining in item interval extended sequence database (iSDB) has been one of interesting task in recent years. Unlike classic frequent sequential pattern mining, the pattern mining in iSDB also consider the item interval between successive items; thus, it may extract more meaningful sequential patterns in real life. Most previous frequent sequential pattern mining in iSDB algorithms needs a minimum support threshold (minsup) to perform the mining. However, it’s not easy for users to provide an appropriate threshold in practice. The too high minsup value will lead to missing valuable patterns, while the too low minsup value may generate too many useless patterns. To address this problem, we propose an algorithm: TopKWFP – Top-k weighted frequent sequential pattern mining in item interval extended sequence database. Our algorithm doesn’t need to provide a fixed minsup value, this minsup value will dynamically raise during the mining process
SLBQT-DSR: SOURCE-BASED LOAD BALANCING ROUTING ALGORITHM UNDER CONSTRAINTS OF QUALITY OF TRANSMISION FOR MANET
Authors: Binh Le Huu , Tu Vo Thanh , Tam Nguyen Van
Published: March 2019

The routing technique under the constraints of the quality of transmision (QoT) in mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) has been studied widely recently. For this routing technique, QoT of the data transmission routes is improved. However, for the network models with mesh topologies such as MANET, The routing technique under the constraints of QoT can increase the bottlenecks due to the unbalanced traffic load. In this paper, we improve the DSR protocol by using the source-based load balancing in combined with the QoT constraint. The simulation results have shown that, the proposed algorithm outperforms the original algorithms in terms of the signal to noise ratio, bit error rate, blocking probability of the data packets and throughput.The routing technique under the constraints of the quality of transmision (QoT) inmobile ad hoc networks (MANET) has been studied widely recently. For this routing technique, QoTof the data transmission routes is improved. However, for the network models with mesh topologiessuch as MANET, The routing technique under the constraints of QoT can increase the bottlenecksdue to the unbalanced trac load. In this paper, we improve the DSR protocol by using the source-based load balancing in combined with the QoT constraint. The simulation results have shown that,the proposed algorithm outperforms the original algorithms in terms of the signal to noise ratio, biterror rate, blocking probability of the data packets and throughput.
An Improvement Method for Semantic Mapping Database to Ontology
Authors: Pham Thuy Thi Thu
Published: March 2019

Enormous amount of available data in relational database (RDB) format creates a demand for automatic transforming them into OWL ontology to reuse in the Semantic Web. Many approaches have been proposed, however, most of them simply generate output ontology as the same flat structure with the original database and result in redundancy of ontology data.  As an attempt to resolve the redundant problem, we propose a novel approach to generate OWL ontology from relational database while focusing on the similarity measure of duplicate attributes in relational tables. Experimental results show that the proposed method reliably predicts semantic similarity of duplicate columns and produces a better-quality OWL ontology.
A TRANSFORMATION METHOD FOR ASPECT-BASED SENTIMENT ANALYSIS
Authors: Dang Thin Van , Nguyen Vu Duc , Kiet Nguyen Van , Ngan Nguyen Luu Thuy
Published: March 2019

Along with the explosion of user reviews on the Internet, sentiment analysis has becomeone of the trending research topics in the field of natural language processing. In the last five years,many shared tasks were organized to keep track of the progress of sentiment analysis for various lan-guages. In the Fifth International Workshop on Vietnamese Language and Speech Processing (VLSP2018), the Sentiment Analysis shared task was the first evaluation campaign for the Vietnamese lan-guage. In this paper, we describe our system for this shared task. We employ a supervised learningmethod based on the Support Vector Machine classifiers combined with a variety of features. Weobtained the F1-score of 61% for both domains, which was ranked highest in the shared task. For theaspect detection subtask, our method achieved 77% and 69% in F1-score for the restaurant domainand the hotel domain respectively.
On the Performance of a Simple Approximation Algorithm for the Longest Path Problem
Authors: Phuong Nguyen Thi , Duc Tran Vinh , Thanh Le Cong
Published: March 2019

The longest path problem is known to be NP-hard. Moreover, they cannot be approximated within a constant ratio, unless ${\rm P=NP}$. The best known polynomial time approximation algorithms for this problem essentially find a path of length that is the logarithm of the optimum.In this paper we investigate the performance of an approximation algorithm for this problem in almost every case. We show that a simple algorithm, based on depth-first search, finds on almost every undirected graph $G=(V,E)$ a path of length more than $|V|-3\sqrt{|V| \log |V|}$ and so has performance ratio less than $1+4\sqrt{\log |V|/|V|}$.\
SIR-DL: AN ARCHITECTURE OF SEMANTIC-BASED IMAGE RETRIEVAL USING DEEP LEARNING TECHNIQUE AND RDF TRIPLE LANGUAGE
Authors: Thanh Van The , Khoi Do Quang , Ha Le Huu , Thanh Le Manh
Published: March 2019

The problem of finding and identifying semantics of images is applied in multimedia applications of many different fields such as Hospital Information System, Geographic Information System, Digital Library System, etc. In this paper, we propose the semantic-based image retrieval (SBIR) system based on the deep learning technique; this system is called as SIR-DL that generates visual semantics based on classifying image contents. At the same time we identify the semantics of similar images on Ontology, which describes semantics of visual features of images. Firstly, the color and spatial features of segmented images are we extracted and these visual feature vectors are trained on the deep neural network to obtain visual words vectors. The process of image retrieval is executed rely on semantic classification of SIR-DL according to the visual feature vector of the query image from which it produces a visual word vector. Then, we retrieve it on Ontology to provide the identities and the semantics of similar images corresponds to a similarity measure. In order to carry out SIR-DL, the algorithms and diagram of this image retrieval system are proposed after that we implement them on ImageCLEF@IAPR, which has 20,000 images. On the base of the experimental results, the effectiveness of our method is evaluated by the accuracy, precision, recall, and F-measure; these results are compared with some of works recently published on the same image dataset. It shows that SIR-DL effectively solves the problem of semantic-based image retrieval and can be used to build multimedia systems in many different fields.
HUPSMT: AN EFFICIENT ALGORITHM FOR MINING HIGH UTILITY-PROBABILITY SEQUENCES IN UNCERTAIN DATABASES WITH MULTIPLE MINIMUM UTILITY THRESHOLDS
Authors: Tin Truong Chi , Anh Tran Ngoc , Hai Duong Van , Bac Le Hoai
Published: March 2019

The problem of high utility sequence mining (HUSM) in quantitative se-quence databases (QSDBs) is more general than that of frequent sequence mining in se-quence databases. An important limitation of HUSM is that a user-predened minimum tility threshold is used commonly to decide if a sequence is high utility. However, this is not convincing in many real-life applications as sequences may have diferent importance. Another limitation of HUSM is that data in QSDBs are assumed to be precise. But in the real world, collected data such as by sensor maybe uncertain. Thus, this paper proposes a framework for mining high utility-probability sequences (HUPSs) in uncertain QSDBs (UQS-DBs) with multiple minimum utility thresholds using a minimum utility. Two new width and depth pruning strategies are also introduced to early eliminate low utility or low probability sequences as well as their extensions, and to reduce sets of candidate items for extensions during the mining process. Based on these strategies, a novel ecient algorithm named HUPSMT is designed for discovering HUPSs. Finally, an experimental study conducted in both real-life and synthetic UQSDBs shows the performance of HUPSMT in terms of time and memory consumption.
Automata Technique for The LCS Problem
Authors: Nguyễn Trường Huy
Published: March 2019

In this paper, we introduce two eﬃcient algorithms in practice for computing the length of a longest common subsequence of two strings, using automata technique, in sequential and parallel ways. For two input strings of lengths m and n with m ≤ n, the parallel algorithm uses k processors (k ≤ m) and costs time complexity O(n) in the worst case, where k is an upper estimate of the length of a longest common subsequence of the two strings. These results are based on the Knapsack Shaking approach proposed by P. T. Huy et al. in 2002. Experimental results show that for the alphabet of size 256, our sequential and parallel algorithms are about 65.85 and 3.41m times faster than the standard dynamic programming algorithm proposed by Wagner and Fisher in 1974, respectively.
Product sub-vector quantization for feature indexing
Authors: Pham The-Anh , Le Dinh-Nghiep , Nguyen Thi-Lan-Phuong
Published: March 2019

This work addresses the problem of feature indexing to significantly accelerate the matching process which is commonly known as a cumbersome task in many computer vision applications. To this aim, we propose to perform product sub-vector quantization (PSVQ) to create finer representation of  underlying data while still maintaining reasonable memory allocation. In addition, the quantized data can be  jointly used with a clustering tree to perform approximate nearest search very efficiently. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method for different datasets in comparison with other methods.
Microbiological Assessment of Pollution Level of Agba Dam, in Ilorin Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: AGBABIAKA Toyin Olayemi , OTUYELU Frank Olakunle
Published: March 2019

Agba Dam, which is an important source of raw water used in treatment of water for supply of potable water in Ilorin Metropolis, was evaluated for presence of bacteria, pollution level and potability. Samples were collected from four points along the course of the dam. Bacteria isolated included Enterobacter aerogenes, Salmonella enteritidis, Shigella dysenteriae, Proteus vulgaris, Enterobacter cloacae and Escherichia coli using selective media and Microbact identification system. The pH of the water samples ranged between 7.51-7.90, temperature ranged between 22-29 °C, total hardness ranged between 0.38-0.49 gm/l, total suspended solid ranged between 0.17-0.25 mg/l, total solid ranged between 0.86-0.99 mg/l, dissolved solid ranged between 0.61-0.78 mg/l. The average total bacterial and coliform counts ranged from 1.0×102-1.54×102 cfu/ml and 1.1×101-5.9×101 cfu/ml respectively. The presence of these pathogenic microorganisms showed high level of contamination of the raw water body. This might be a consequence of the human activities around the water body, thus posing a great health risk if not properly and adequately treated.
Competition Indices of Safflower and Faba Bean Intercrops as Affected by Fertilizers
Authors: SAEIDI Mahmoodreza , RAEI Yaghoub , AMINI Rouhollah , TAGHIZADEH Akbar , PASBAN-ESLAM Bahman , ROHI SARALAN Asal
Published: March 2019

Cropping systems of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) with faba bean (Vicia faba L.) under different fertility were compared with sole cropping of each crop during 2015 and 2016 at the Research Farm of Tabriz University in Iran. The treatments were cropping systems (safflower and faba bean sole croppings, intercropping systems of safflower and faba bean with ratios of 1:1 and 2:1), and nutrient levels (100% chemical fertilizers, 60%, 30% chemical + biofertilizers and no fertilizer). A factorial set of treatments based on a randomized complete block design replicated three times was used. Cropping system and fertility effects were significant for yield and yield components of each crop. Yield and yield components were increased with the integrated use of 60% chemical plus biofertilizers for both years, while seed yield was reduced by intercropping. Maximum land equivalent ratio (LER), relative value total (RVT), system productivity index (SPI) and monetary advantage index (MAI) were achieved in nutritive level of 60% chemical plus biofertilizers as intercropped plants in ratio of 1:1 for both years. The total actual yield loss (AYL) values were positive and greater than zero in all mixtures, indicating an advantage from intercropping over sole crops. Intercropped safflower had a higher relative crowding coefficient (RCC) than intercropped faba bean, indicating that safflower was more competitive than faba bean in intercropping systems. From this study, it is inferred that intercropping (safflower and faba bean) with integrated use of the reduced chemical and biofertilizers may give better overall yield and income than sole cropping of each crop species.
Insight into Re-emergence of Cassava Brown Streak Disease: the Need to explore Diverse Approaches for Effective Control
Authors: OLADOKUN John O.
Published: March 2019

The consumption of cassava crop per capita calories in many Africa countries ranked it as the second most important staple food crop. Despite its diverse utilities, the yield potential of cassava is greatly hampered by viral diseases and these differ from country to country, depending on the type of viruses present. Unfortunately, the recent sudden re-emergence of cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) in East and Central Africa is currently gaining more aggressive international attention in Africa and other concerned countries, due to the significant economic yield losses imparting to most poor resource farmers fields. However, selfless efforts from scientific researches to manage CBSD, including recommendations, still seems not to be complimented as expected with pro-active measures from relevant stakeholders, nevertheless the concerned farmers. Overall, the present review revisited a brief glance of the historical development of CBSD, progresses made so far with respect to management strategies. Even more, the paper suggests opinions which could be explore by the ones interested to help within research findings, as well as to bring the awareness and to prevent further spread in countries and/or regions where there is currently the outbreak of CBSD and which had not been yet affected.
Influence of Magnetized Water and Seed on Yield and Uptake of Heavy Metals of Tomato
Authors: YUSUF Kamorudeen Olaniyi , SAKARIYAH Shakiru Ariyo , BAIYERI Modupe Ruth
Published: March 2019

This study assessed influence of magnetized water (MW) and magnetized seed (MS) on yield and uptake of heavy metals of tomato. Tomato seeds were put on permanent magnet (1000 gauss) for 24 hours and water was allowed to flow through magnetic flux density 319 gauss. Tomato seeds (variety UC82B) were planted in 16 pots, thinned after 21 days to one tomato/pot and irrigated with MW or non-magnetized water (NMW). Four treatments used were MS and MW (T1), non-magnetized seed (NMS) and MW (T2), MS and NMW (T3), NMS and NMW (T4). A 1.0 litre of water was applied to tomato plant in a completely randomized design and each treatment was replicated 4 times. Yields and concentrations of cadmium, copper, chromium, iron, manganese, nickel, lead and zinc were determined from the tomato fruit. The mean yields for T1, T2, T3 and T4 were 288.1, 275.8, 176.6 and 200.1 g/pot, respectively. Mean concentrations of Iron for T1, T2, T3 and T4 were 0.015, 0.010, 0.010 and 0.010 mg/L, respectively. Mean concentrations of zinc for T1, T2 T3 and T4 were 0.030, 0.110, 0.115 and 0.125 mg/L. The values of copper, iron, lead, manganese and zinc for T2 were 0.02-0.03, 1.2-1.8, 0.03-0.07, 0.10-0.12 and 0.00-0.01 mg/L. The corresponding values for T4 were 0.02-0.02, 1.30-1.60, 0.04-0.04, 0.08-0.11 mg/L but Zn was not detected. Concentrations of heavy metals in the tomato were below FAO/WHO permissible limits. MW and MS increased tomato yield and didn’t increase uptake of heavy metals that could cause diseases to man.
Benefit Cost Analysis of Orange Fleshed Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Varieties under Varying Planting Density
Authors: UZOIGWE Donald A. , MUONEKE Comas O. , NWOKORO Charles C. , ENE Chikezie O.
Published: March 2019

An investigation was conducted at the National Root Crops Research Institute, Umudike and at the Research Farm of Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Umuahia, Abia State (Nigeria), to determine the benefit cost analysis of orange fleshed sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) varieties under varying planting density (25,000; 33,333 and 50,000 plants/ha). The output of the production was computed by the use of benefit cost ratio (BCR) of the orange-fleshed sweet potato production. The benefit cost ratio analysis indicated that enterprise was successful and growing of the ‘Melinda’ variety at 50,000 plants/ha was a more profitable enterprise. The benefit cost-cost ratio of ‘Melinda’ variety at 50,000 plants/ha in 2015 and 2016 was 1.45 and 1.56 respectively while that of ‘Tio-joe’ at 50,000 plants/ha in both cropping seasons gave a benefit cost ratio of 1.14 and 1.42 respectively. The returns from selling of the vine cuttings brought about an incredible hike in the net return of the enterprise. ‘Melinda’ at 50,000 plants/ha is recommended to farmers as the most profitable venture in this experiment.
Anatomical and Phytochemical Studies on Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn. (Cucurbitaceae)
Authors: EKEKE Chimezie , OGAZIE Chinedum A. , AGBAGWA Ikechukwu O.
Published: March 2019

The morphological and anatomical studies of Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn. from Nigeria was carried out with the view to reporting morphological and anatomical characteristics for the first time. Physical and microscopic (microtomy) observations were used. B. hispida is a monoecious climbing or trailing herb, stem hairy, 5-angled, with suborbicular stipuliform bract at the petiole-base; leaves simple, very hairy on both surface, alternate, blade palmately or ovate in young plant, base cordate. Flowering occurs between April and May. Female flowers solitary, male flowers solitary or in a slender-pedunculate racemes, petals-5, cream, yellow or pale yellow, ovary ellipsoid, ovules many, stigma 3-lobed and stamen 3. Fruits are large, weighs 8.5 - 9.0 kg, succulent, densely hairy when young, with a thick waxy deposit when mature, cylindrical to oblong with hairy stalk. Seeds are ovate-obovate, cream. Leaves and petals of male flower are amphistomatic with anomocytic, tetracytic and anisocytic stomata while petals of the female flower are hypostomatic with anomocytic stomata only on the abaxial surface. It has glandular and non-glandular trichomes with uniseriate stalk, clavate and multicellular gland heads. The midrib, petiole, stem, tendril, male and female flower stalks and tendril have hollow pith with 3, 9, 6-7, 16, 14 and 10 bicollateral vascular bundles respectively. The percentage crude protein, ash, carbohydrate, lipid, crude fibre, alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin and phytate could account for the numerous medicinal properties.
Evaluation of In Vitro Shoot Elongation and Rooting of Date Palm, and Determination of Physiological Characteristics of Regenerated Plantlets
Authors: MEZIANI Reda , MAZRI Mouaad Amine , ARHAZZAL Mahassine , BELKOURA Ilham , ALEM Chakib , JAITI Fatima
Published: March 2019

The effects of various culture conditions on shoot elongation, rooting and plantlet acclimatization were tested. Adventitious shoots obtained through direct organogenesis of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) cv. ‘Mejhoul’ were used as explants. The effects of culture medium texture, plant growth regulators, polyvinylpyrrolidone, adenine, myo-inositol, L-glutamine, and carbon source on in vitro plantlet quality and subsequent acclimatization were evaluated. The most effective culture medium was the semi-solid and half-strength Murashige and Skoog medium without plant growth regulators, supplemented with 30 g L-1 sucrose. After 3 months of culture on this medium, the average shoot length was 13.6 cm, the average number of adventitious roots per shoot was 3.6, and the average root length was 3.85 cm. The survival rate of these plantlets in acclimatization was 90%. On the other hand, liquid medium, plant growth regulators, polyvinylpyrrolidone, adenine, myo-inositol and L-glutamine did not increase the survival rate during acclimatization. Along with these experiments, some physiological characteristics of the plantlets obtained in vitro were also determined. Chlorophyll content and fluorescence, foliar surface and stomatal conductance were measured after 3 months of culture in each medium. The ranges were as follows: Chlorophyll content, 11.7-31.8 CCI; chlorophyll fluorescence, 0.633-0.795; foliar surface, 7.35-13.29 cm2; and stomatal conductance, 10.3-36.0 mmol m-2 s-1. Interestingly, positive correlations between the physiological characteristics of the plantlets and their survival percentage in the glasshouse were revealed. The findings of this investigation will be valuable for large-scale and cost-saving production of date palm cv. ‘Mejhoul’ plants.
Variation in Agro-morphological Traits of Some Turkish Local Pop, Flint and Dent Maize (Zea mays L.)
Authors: ÖNER Fatih
Published: March 2019

Turkish maize accessions collected from north of Turkey were investigated for agro-morphologic variation in three maize kernel types (flint, pop and dent) including 79 accessions. Eight agronomic and morphologic traits (ear length, ear kernel row number, ear height, leaf number, 1000 kernel weight, tassel length, leaf width and leaf length) were analysed by ANOVA and principal component analysis. Varieties and accessions were found significantly different for variance components which were made up high variance due to accessions. Positive correlations were found between agronomic and morphologic traits. Multivariate discriminant function analysis with eight traits revealed that first two of multivariate correlation covered 86.6%, and next 69% of total variation among accessions and the first multivariate discriminant function had high eigenvalue with 76.8% of total variance between varieties belonged to flint and pop maize accessions while the second multivariate variable belonged to flint and dent maize accessions. These multivariate variables correctly classify three maize varieties maintaining maize accessions for their various characteristics with agronomic and morphological traits.
CuO meso–macroporous microspheres: calcination-time-dependent gas-sensing performance
Authors: Cai Na-na , Wang Kun , Li Neng , Wang Tao , Xiao Qi
Published: March 2019

Meso–macroporous copper (II) oxide (CuO) microspheres composed of thin nanosheets were prepared by a simple one-step solvothermal method with postcalcination and characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution TEM and the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method. We can effectively control pore structure by means of only regulating calcination time, and at the same time keep the other structure parameters (such as microspheres morphology, crystalline size, thickness of nanoshees) unchanged. It was found that the gas-sensing performance is positively correlated with pore structure parameters (specific surface area and pore volume) – that is, the larger the specific surface area and the pore volume, the better the gas-sensing performance. In addition, the order of the gas-sensing performance is not correlated with the other pore structure parameters (pore size and pore size distribution). In this work, the optimum calcination time was 60 min, at which the largest specific surface area and pore volume, and thereby the best gas-sensing performance, were achieved.
The 'troublous question of the married women teachers': The Aberdare dismissals of 1908
Authors: Williams Sian Rhiannon
Published: March 2019

In February 1908, the Aberdare Education Committee resolved to dismiss all married women teachers in its Council schools. This article analyses the protest campaign which followed and its impact on the National Union of Teachers, the local labour movement and the women teachers involved.
It was a 'fight' which divided the local community, the socialist movement and the teachers themselves at a time of social and political change, and one which reverberated beyond Aberdare and beyond that summer of strife. It is argued that the tensions which came to the fore are significant
in understanding teacher and gender politics in Wales and Britain in the early twentieth century.
Care and Education. a Case Study: Understanding Professional Roles and Identities of Teachers Within A Welsh Pru
Authors: Smith Phil , Connolly Mark
Published: March 2019

This paper considers the professional work of teachers within Pupil Referral Units (PRUs) in Wales. Traditionally neglected by both policy and research, PRUs have become a focus of attention due to debates around attainment and the 'off rolling' of pupils from traditional schooling.
Drawing on data from an ethnographic study of one Welsh PRU, this paper illustrates how teachers working within PRUs see themselves as occupying a hybrid space between teacher and social worker within a social pedagogic approach to teaching. We illustrate how this approach is underpinned by
a strong moral and ethical account of their professional work. From this we illustrate how policy scrutiny and Welsh educational reforms have resulted in changes to teachers' perceptions of their working role and identity. While this policy focus is welcomed we suggest that any accountability
frameworks introduced to judge Welsh PRU success need to adopt a highly contextualised approach which recognises the complex needs and backgrounds of PRU pupils and does not reduce success to only measures of academic attainment. By recognising the hybrid nature of professional practice and
developing metrics of success which capture the social as well as academic needs of pupils within the Welsh PRU setting, Welsh Government (WG) will reinforce the social pedagogic approach of Welsh PRU teachers.
The Limits of p-Hacking: A Thought Experiment
Authors: Chen Andrew Y
Published: March 2019

Suppose that asset pricing factors are just p-hacked noise. How much p-hacking is required to produce the 300 factors documented by academics? I show that, if 10,000 academics generate 1 factor every minute, it takes 15 million years of p-hacking. This absurd conclusion comes from applying the p-hacking theory to published data. To fit the fat right tail of published t-stats, the p-hacking theory requires that the probability of publishing t-stats < 6.0 is infinitesimal. Thus it takes a ridiculous amount of p-hacking to publish a single t-stat. These results show that p-hacking alone cannot explain the factor zoo.
Belirsizlik Altında Portföy Seçimi Problemi için Bulanık Karar Verme Metodolojisi: Borsa İstanbul (BIST)’da Bir Uygulama
Authors: ÖZKÖK Beyza
Published: March 2019

Yatırım alternatiflerinin etkin bir şekilde değerlendirilmesi ve verimli yatırım kararlarının alınabilmesi insanlık tarihinin en önemli karar problemlerden birini oluşturmuştur. Portföy yönetimi ve seçimi uzun yıllardır hem bilim adamlarının hem de iş dünyasındaki uygulamacıların ilgisini çeken bir konu olmuştur. Yatırımcıların hangi yatırım araçlarından ne oranda portföylerine almaları gerektiği sorusu portföy seçimi problemini doğurmuştur. Bu çalışmada belirsizlik altında portföy seçimi ele alınmış ve bu kapsamda sırasıyla Minimum, Eş Olasılık, Pişmanlık, İyimserlik, Geometrik ve Harmonik Ortalama kriterleri kullanılarak portföy seçimi yapılmıştır. Bu kriterler ışığında farklı tip yatırımcılar için planlar önerilmiştir. Belirsizlik altında portföy seçimi yapılırken sadece şirketlerin geçmiş dönem verileri incelenerek elde edilen finansal oranlarına bakılarak ve kullanılan kriterlerin karakteristikleri yardımıyla üyelik fonksiyonları oluşturulmuştur. Analiz yapılırken uzman görüşlerine başvuru ihtiyacı duyulmaması, kullanılan karar verme metodolojisinin kuvvetli ve pratik yönüdür.
Пределы ограничения прав человека при осуществлении профилактики террористической деятельности в России и за рубежом
Authors: Романовский Георгий , Романовский Владислав
Published: March 2019

В статье проанализированы полномочия правоохранительных органов по обеспечению профилактики террористической деятельности. Установлены допустимые пределы ограничения прав человека при осуществлении возможных административных мероприятий в отношении лиц, подозреваемых в совершении преступлений террористической направленности. Проведено сравнительно-правовое исследование. В частности, представлены полномочия правоохранительных органов Великобритании и Франции по профилактике преступлений в отношении граждан, которые подозреваются в причастности к актам терроризма. Выделены такие контрольные мероприятия (отсутствующие в российском законодательстве), как определение конкретного места жительства, ежедневный отчет в органах полиции, запрет на посещение определенных мест или районов, запрет на выезд за пределы государства, ограничения при выборе работы или учебы, ограничение доступа к имуществу и финансовым инструментам, ограничение пользования всеми видами связи и Интернетом. Обращено внимание на особенности ведения за рубежом профилактического учета лиц, в отношении которых есть разумные подозрения в их причастности к экстремистской и террористической деятельности. Подобные действия спецслужб основаны на нормах специальных законодательных актов. Указано, что принятие таких законодательных актов связано с широкой общественной дискуссией, в которой активно участвуют представители юридической науки. В то же время с учетом повышения уровня террористической опасности в обществе присутствует определенный консенсус о допустимости введения специальных ограничений основных прав человека (политических, гражданских, социальных и экономических) в целях противодействия терроризму. За рубежом имеются некоторые особенности применения ограничительных мер. В Великобритании указанные меры вводятся по запросу органов внутренних дел решением судебной инстанции. Во Франции аналогичные меры вводятся министром внутренних дел, а уже заинтересованное лицо может оспорить введение ограничений в порядке административного судопроизводства. В статье сформулирован вывод о том, что проанализированные контрольные меры необходимо ввести и в российском законодательстве. Зарубежная практика доказывает их актуальность и необходимость введения в демократическом обществе.
Hablar de tecnología significa hablar del sujeto
Authors: Martín Del Campo Hugo Cornejo
Published: March 2019

Habitamos un mundo que se debate entre temas de mayor importancia como la economía, el mercado y el conocimiento, aspectos todos mediados por la tecnología pero, debemos hacer una pausa y preguntarnos, cuando hablamos de tecnología ¿qué es lo más importante? La respuesta que propongo es que cuando hablamos de tecnología lo más importante es el sujeto. A partir de esta idea central desarrollo algunos puntos que espero contribuyan a la reflexión y a la valoración del individuo que hace uso de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC) que se aplican en los espacios de reproducción y generación de conocimiento llamado escuela pero que, también, es un espacio de formación de personas. Para que el uso y la apropiación de las TIC resulten positivos es necesario que se dé una reconfiguración compleja del sujeto en su doble dimensión: personal y colectiva.
El lenguaje como problema en la investigación socio –educativa / The language as a problem in socio-educational research
Authors: Bermúdez García José Ángel , García Zacarías Jean Carlos
Published: March 2019

El problema del lenguaje es uno de los temas fundamentales de la reflexión filosófica contemporánea. El propósito de la disertación es describir los significados del lenguaje como problema dentro la investigación socioeducativa, a partir de experiencias sustantivas de pensadores e investigadores educativos, en el contexto de una nueva narratividad científica que se encuentra en etapa de crisálida. El método utilizado fue la sistematización de experiencias (Barrera, 2010). La investigación concluye en la necesidad de superar los códigos lingüísticos – epistemológicos propios del positivismo para dar paso hacia un nuevo lenguaje científico, profundamente humano, basado en la experiencia y la comprensión de lo vivido, desde un carácter conciencial, fundamentado en la subjetividad, la relacionalidad y la cotidianidad de los mundos de vida, enmarcados en un sentido de totalidad.
Pensamiento complejo y transdisciplina
Authors: Calvo Cereijo María Del Carmen
Published: March 2019

Abstract This study is based on the outlined path that goes from Rationalism conceptualizations and postulates of Classic science as regards the conception of man and life to the paradigms that opened their way to think about current challenges, which, from complexity, debate with human sciences. A world of disciplines studied with certainty and methodical purpose requires another world that goes through, questions and reformulates its postulates from the emergence of crisis and rifts. These are the rifts that trigger off research in complexity, which will provide this work with grounds. The need to define truth scope has encouraged a field of study and diverse philosophical models, which, from Rationalism, have provided truth procedure with a shape. It is from this development that complex thinking advances with its conceptualizations and reflection paradigms, being the objective to delimit the concepts that question deterministic postulates and to delve into the meaning of scientific revolution in the 19th century. Sciences entry in the development process breaks away from conceptualizations of isolated procedures, aiming at transversal communication among the heterogeneous. If the challenge is knowledge advance, its progress, nest in uncertain complexity.
Liberalismo y socialismo
Authors: Ochoa Antich Nancy
Published: March 2019

En el presente ensayo se parte de la igualdad biológica (genética), según la cual todos los humanos pertenecemos a la misma especie animal, de manera que en esa afirmación se encuentra implícita la igualdad esencial (filosófica), a pesar de que también haya diversidad entre los humanos en otros sentidos. Luego, se aborda la noción de igualdad política en el pensamiento liberal, que puede resumirse en que humanos diferentes tenemos iguales derechos o somos iguales ante la ley. Aquí encontramos implícito el tratamiento abstracto que se da a los humanos en el pensamiento moderno, pues en la igualdad ante la ley se hace abstracción de todas las cualidades concretas. Así, el ensayo propone que hay continuidad teórica entre el pensamiento liberal y el socialista, de tal manera que este último se caracteriza por tratar de que las sociedades proporcionen a los ciudadanos las condiciones concretas (económicas, sociales, políticas) que garanticen una vida realmente igualitaria. Por eso, se dan ejemplos modernos pre-liberales y liberales que muestran la continuidad teórica con el pensamiento socialista. Así se pueden entender los desarrollos ideológico-políticos, como la social-democracia, y más recientemente, en América Latina, el socialismo del siglo XXI. No es incoherente que el socialismo político se realice en el marco del capitalismo y actualizando los principios de la democracia liberal.
Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Hebeloma subtortum (Hymenogastraceae), a New Record Macrofungus from Bingöl Province, Turkey
Authors: DİZKIRICI Ayten , ACAR İsmail , KALMER Ayşenur , UZUN Yusuf
Published: March 2019

Aim of Study: The specimen identified as Hebeloma subtortum based on both morphological and molecular characterizations. Area of Study: Samples were collected from Bingöl province and the study was conducted at the Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics in Van Yüzüncü Yıl University.Material and Methods: Characters of pileus, stipe, lamellae and basidia, cystidia, spores were used as macroscopic and microscopic features, respectively. DNA sequences of two loci including the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the large subunit (LSU) of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene were used to show the evolutionary relationship and taxonomic position of the species within Hebeloma genus. The DNA sequences of the above-mentioned regions of H. subtortum were compared to those of the same and different species of the genus downloaded from NCBI. Main results: In phylogenetic analyses, H. subtortum distinctly clustered with its representatives retrieved from NCBI with high bootstrap value. The ITS tree was more informative compared to LSU. Hebeloma subtortum closely grouped with H. mesophaeum in the ITS tree. Research highlights: Hebeloma subtortum has been described and illustrated as a new record from Turkey.