bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Transformation of Volga river runoff in multiyear aspect
Authors:   Volga-Caspian Branch of FSBRI VNIRO (CaspNIRKH), Russia, Astrakhan, Lardygina E.G. , Shipulin S.V. ,   Volga-Caspian Branch of FSBRI VNIRO (CaspNIRKH), Russia, Astrakhan
Published: February 2023

The article describes in detail all the most significant components of the hydrological regime in the lower reaches of the Volga. As a result of the regulation of the Volga runoff by the Volgograd hydroelectric dam in 1958, the ecological conditions of natural reproduction of fish changed significantly: the areas of spawning grounds decreased, the hydrological regime was violated, which led to deformation of the spring flood regime, intra-annual redistribution of runoff. Their size is of fundamental importance for the fisheries of the Volga-Caspian basin. Attention is drawn to the deep deformation of all flood indicators that occurred after the regulation of the Volga runoff on the Lower Volga, while in the worse direction for the reproduction of aquatic biological resources. The process of degradation of aquatic biological resources of the Volga-Caspian reflects the lack of the minimum hydroecological conditions necessary to ensure the formation of resilient juvenile fish in the process of their natural reproduction in the overwhelming number of years. The modern operation of the Volga-Kama cascade of reservoirs does not meet the requirements of the Volga-Caspian fisheries. There is a tendency to increase intraannual redistribution of runoff, due to high winter releases of water into the lower reaches of the Volgograd hydroelectric complex and low spring releases. The system of management and intersectoral distribution of water resources during the flood does not currently meet the necessary hydroecological conditions under which it is possible to form resilient fish offspring and, as a consequence, preserve and increase stocks of the most valuable commercial fish species. The main reasons for the decrease in water reserves are determined by the regulation of the Volga runoff and as a result of this reduction in the volume of water supply to the lower reaches of the Volgograd hydroelectric complex. Especially this negative manifestation of a sharp deterioration in the flooding of spawning grounds occurs in low-water years, when the priority is to fill the reservoirs of the cascade to a normal retaining level in order to ensure the generation of hydroelectric power during the inter-war period (summer, autumn, winter), the operation of water transport, the implementation of water intake for irrigation, utility purposes, etc.
Fish-spawning channel consisting of Kochetovsky waterworks facility on the Don river (variants of layout and design solutions)
Authors:   Russian Research Institute of Land Reclamation Problems, Russia, Novocherkassk, Shkura V.N. , Shevchenko A.V. ,   Russian Research Institute of Land Reclamation Problems, Russia, Novocherkassk
Published: February 2023

The relevance of the development of technical solutions for the Kochetovsky fish-spawning channel is predetermined by the ongoing degradation of populations and a decrease in commercial fish stocks in the Azov-Don fishery basin. One of the reasons for the current and deteriorating fishing conditions on the Lower Don is a decrease in the volume of natural reproduction of passing and semi-passing fish. The necessary volumes of natural reproduction of commercial herds can be provided by creating conditions for spawning migrations and spawning of fish in the Don River. This task can be solved to a certain extent by the creation of the Kochetovsky fish-spawning channel, which predetermined the purpose of the study to develop a technical justification for the possibility of its device and layout and design solutions. The factual basis was the data of surveys and studies carried out at the Kochetovsky waterworks facility. Surveys, surveys and studies were carried out in compliance with generally accepted methods, and the development of layout and structural solutions of structures using search design technologies. Two competing versions of the canal arrangement with its location along the bank of the Don River and along the riverbed of the Barsovka River have been developed. Both of the proposed solutions take into account the conditions of their device and ensure their functioning according to their intended purpose — to create conditions for the passage and spawning of fish. Each of the options has certain technical and fish science advantages, characterized by different possibilities for attracting fish to the channel, their passage from the lower reaches of the hydroelectric power plant to the upper and spawning in the channel tract. The work was carried out in the order of pre-design study, which determines the technical feasibility of the fish-spawning channel and establishes its hydrometric parameters. The choice of the option from the two proposed is proposed to be carried out by specialists of the fisheries sector, taking into account the ratio of the potential possibilities of channels for passing and spawning certain species and quantities of fish, and their technical and economic indicators.
VERIFICATION OF SCAD MODELS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE COFFERED FLOOR BASED ON AN ANALYTICAL CALCULATION METHOD THAT TAKES INTO ACCOUNT SPANS AND STRUCTURAL RIGIDITY
Authors: Mozgolov M. , Kozlova E.
Published: February 2023

In accordance with the modern requirements of urban planning legislation, the design of building structures without the use of BIM technologies is impossible. Strength calculation on an electronic computer is carried out in software complexes implementing the finite element method, in which the forces or stresses calculated in the elements may turn out to be unreliable. There is a number of reasons for this. Analysis of the data of analytical and computer calculations of reinforced concrete coffered structures shows that the forces in the beams may differ significantly depending on the created finite element model and the geometry of the overlap. The work is aimed to find out the most accurate finite element model when calculating reinforced concrete coffered floor. The numerical experiment is based on the work of verification calculations performed in the computing system SCAD of a rectangular overlap with rectangular coffers, modeled by four finite element models. It is concluded that the model consisting of shell finite elements is the most accurate. It addition, the stress obtained is compared with the data of the well-known analytical method for calculating coffered ceilings, which is based on the beam analogy and takes into takes into account only the spans of the structure. In this paper, the analytical calculation of the caisson overlap is carried out both taking into account the spans of the structure and its orthogonal rigidity. The calculation is also performed in the computing system SCAD on a model consisting of rod finite elements of a T-section. The results allow to conclude that the most accurate finite elements models is the bar models. Shell finite element models in the example under consideration show understated results. When performing verification calculations on a computer by the finite element method, in order to confirm the reliability of the stress –strain state obtained, it is necessary to compare with the data of full-scale or model tests of structures. For complex, repeatedly statically indeterminate systems for which there is no an analytical solutions, other methods of studying the convergence of the obtained FEM results have an error.
BINDING COMPOSITIONS USING VERMICULITE FOR HEAT PROTECTIVE SOLUTIONS
Authors: Al Mamouri Saad , Zagorodnyuk L.H. , Sumskoy D. , Bocharnikov A. , Shemetova O.
Published: February 2023

The study of cement mortars containing expanded vermiculite as a filler is presented. The use of vermiculite up to 30% or more leads to good thermal insulation properties of solution, but low compressive strength. Features of the nature of expanded vermiculite contribute to reducing the density and providing heat-shielding properties. Mechanical activation of binder compositions depending on the duration of treatment in a vibrating mill compositions: Portland cement 90-70%, vermiculite 10-30%, allow to obtain a density in the range of 1720-1933 kg/m3, with a strength of 42.8-58.2 MPa, while saving up to 10 - 20% of expensive energy-intensive cement. Cement stone from binder compositions is created due to the form ation of a spatial framework created by a porous mineral filler, which, due to its high dispersion, occupies a significant spatial volume and a crystalline structure is formed on this mineral filler, as on substrates, created by calcium hydrosilicates and hydroaluminates. It builds up a secondary framework with crystalline neoplasms on finely dispersed vermiculite grains - plates. The developed binder has a porous structure due to the introduction of vermiculite filler, which reduces the thermal conductivity of the created composite. The use of the resulting binder compositions prepared from a mixture of Portland cement and vermiculite, in combination with a porous filler - expanded vermiculite, allows obtaining a heat-insulating mortar with high heat-shielding performance and guaranteed strength
Um moderno amazônico: obras residenciais do arquiteto Severiano Porto em Manaus/AM
Authors: Guerreiro Ana do Nascimento , Abrahim Ana Lúcia da Silva , De Farias Taise Costa
Published: February 2023

A presente pesquisa é resultado de um projeto de extensão vinculado ao curso de graduação em Arquitetura e Urbanismo da Universidade Nilton Lins e tem como objetivo principal a analise projetual de quatro obras residenciais do arquiteto Severiano Porto na cidade de Manaus/AM.  A análise projetual caracteriza-se por uma leitura reflexiva e crítica da arquitetura, sendo essencial para o conhecimento dos processos e estratégias dos projetos residenciais do arquiteto. Severiano Porto foi um dos arquitetos brasileiros pioneiros a atuar na região amazônica, onde buscou uma identidade regional para a arquitetura moderna, tendo consciência de que os fatores regionais deveriam ser estudados para aplicação adequada no projeto.  Nesta pesquisa serão anlisadas as residencias: “Casa do Cafundó”, “Casa Porto”, “Casa Robert Schuster”, e a “Casa Alexandre Alê dos Santos”; através de um roteiro metodológico que utiliza o redesenho e a modelagem 3D para a compreensão dos projetos no âmbito projetual, construtivo, funcional e plástico. A pesquisa se baseia tanto na relevancia projetual e conceitual das obras do arquiteto, quanto pelo fato dessas produções ainda serem pouco conhecidas e documentadas. Assim, a presente pesquisa visa também contribuir para a melhor compreensão das obras do arquiteto Severiano Porto e os estudos sobre a arquitetura amazonense.
Comunicación asertiva del personal de enfermería
Authors: Arias María Belén Tello , Jara Graciela de Las Mercedes Quishpe
Published: February 2023

Introducción: La presente investigación se encuentra asociada a la percepción de los familiares de pacientes hospitalizados en relación a la comunicación asertiva del personal de enfermería. Objetivo: Analizar la comunicación asertiva del personal de enfermería con familiares de pacientes hospitalizados en la atención comunitaria en Latacunga en el periodo de septiembre 2022- Noviembre 2022. Metodología: El enfoque de la presente investigación es de tipo cuali cuantitativo, con diseño transversal y descriptivo, el mismo que se desarrolló en la atención comunitaria en Latacunga. La muestra se encuentra formada por diez familiares de pacientes que aceptaron participar en el estudio. Resultados: Se demuestra la comunicación asertiva y propositiva en el 100% de los encuestados, coincidiendo que las enfermeras utilizan un lenguaje sencillo al responder alguna inquietud del familiar, además un 75% manifestaron que las enfermeras establecen una relación empática con los familiares, los orientan, responden de manera cortes y explican los cuidados que recibe su familiar durante la atención de salud comunitaria. Conclusiones: El abordaje psicológico y el apoyo emocional por parte del personal de enfermería hacia los familiares y el paciente en la atención de salud comunitaria es satisfactorio y tiene un impacto positivo en el proceso salud-enfermedad.
Key points in the development of ecotourism. A review of the literature from Mexico
Authors: Aldecoa-Leon Marisela , Acosta Jesus Angel Enriquez , Wong-Gonzalez Pablo , Valdez Aaron Chavez
Published: February 2023

No México, o ecoturismo continua a ser uma promessa, apesar de sua biodiversidade privilegiada; ainda é uma atividade incipiente e até agora não é uma opção real que contribua para o desenvolvimento sustentável do país. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar as pesquisas acadêmicas que abordam o ecoturismo como fator contribuinte para o desenvolvimento regional sustentável (DSR). Em todos os momentos, procurou-se identificar as características que podem ser fundamentais para explicar o sucesso ou o fracasso de um empreendimento ecoturístico. Nesse sentido, foi realizado um exercício de agrupamento de pesquisa de acordo com os temas mais frequentemente abordados. Em primeiro lugar, foi analisada a literatura sobre a forma tradicional de desenvolvimento do turismo, em seguida, deu-se continuidade ao tratamento do conceito de desenvolvimento regional sustentável e, por fim, a revisão enfocou o tema central deste trabalho, o ecoturismo. Os resultados da pesquisa permitem identificar 7 pontos-chave a ter em conta para um correto planeamento e operação do ecoturismo: 1) políticas públicas, 2) a comunidade, 3) integração dos atores-chave, 4) universidades e centros de investigação, 5) a educação e o desenvolvimento da consciência ambiental e cultural, 6) a diversificação das atividades e, 7) as fragilidades do ecoturismo.
Evaluation of bone mineral density and trabecular bone score for diagnosis of osteoporosis in Iranian diabetic patients
Authors: Mousavi Maryam , Asgari Savadjani Shahin , Karimzadeh Hadi , Pakzad Bahram , Salesi Mansour
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) increases the risk of bone fractures. Objectives: This study aimed to examine the use of trabecular bone score (TBS) and BMD to select the best diagnostic tool for osteoporosis caused by type 2 diabetes. Patients and Methods: One hundred and four patients (52 individuals with type 2 diabetes and 52 ones without diabetes) aged at most 50 years were enrolled in a cross-sectional study that was conducted with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) images of patients referred to Khorshid and Al-Zahra hospitals, Isfahan, Iran. Results: Lumbosacral bone mineral density (BMD) was significantly lower in the diabetic group than in the control group (0.76 versus 0.82, P=0.041). The mean lumbosacral TBS was significantly lower in the diabetic group than in the controls (1.24 versus 1.36, P=0.001). Therefore, the lumbosacral TBS provided a more reliable indicator than lumbosacral BMD to discriminate between controls and women with T2DM. Conclusion: The TBS is recommended for early diagnosis of osteoporosis in diabetic patients because of its independence from BMD-related parameters. The TBS can capture a larger portion of the bone deterioration in women with T2DM that cannot be detected using methods based solely on BMD.
Epidemiological profile and perception of patients on chronic hemodialysis through a Moroccan prospective cohort study
Authors: Ramdani Malika , Bekaoui Samira , Berkchi Fatima Zahra , Boujakhrout Hassane , Abda Naima , Bentata Yassamine
Published: February 2023

Introduction: End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) is a major global public health problem. Knowledge of its epidemiology is crucial for its prevention and the optimal care. Objectives: The objective was to study the epidemiological characteristics of patients on chronic hemodialysis, their outcomes and explore their perceptions of therapeutic modalities, through a prospective cohort. Patients and Methods: A prospective study conducted between February 2019 and January 2020, at two public hemodialysis centers in Oujda, Morocco. Results: Around 183 patients were enrolled. The mean age was 53±17 years. The initial nephropathy was undetermined in 37% of cases and dominated by diabetes in 25.7%. About 43% of patients had pre-dialytic nephrology follow-up. Only 32% patients initiated their hemodialysis by an arterialvenous fistula (AVF). The mean hemoglobin rate was 10.3±1.8 g/dL. Moreover, 74 % of patients were under erythropoietin. Serum calcium, phosphorus, vitamin D, and parathormone were within target ranges in 67%, 52%, 61%, and 51% of cases, respectively. Since, 80% of patients were not clearly informed about therapeutic modalities. The majority of patients opted for kidney transplantation (KT), with two major constraints preventing its realization, consisting the lack of related living donors and financial resources. Besides, 29% of patients were hospitalized for cardiovascular and infectious causes during the study year. The survival rate at 1 and 5 years after the start of dialysis was 97.2% and 95% respectively. Conclusion: Early detection of chronic kidney diseases in high-risk people, their rigorous follow-up and early referral to the nephrologist would improve the quality of care. The promotion of KT and PD would better meet the hemodialysis patients’ needs with better outcomes and lower costs.
On the occassion of world kidney day 2023; renal impacts of COVID-19
Authors: Taheri Seyed Vahid , Roshan Bijan , Roshan Keyan , Kaviani Parisa , Pezeshgi Aiyoub
Published: February 2023

World kidney day is an international campaign focused on bringing awareness to kidney health throughout the world and reducing the incidence of renal disease and its related medical complications. This mini-review sought to take a short look on the renal impact of SARS-CoV-2, with a particular focus on post-COVID-19 nephropathy as a new dilemma in the era of nephrology, which can be a new concern for nephrologists that requires more attention and particular strategies.
Gender difference in crescentic glomerulonephritis; an eleven-year single-center study
Authors: Maghami Mehr Asieh , Valizadeh Rohollah , Manouchehrian Raha , Nasri Hamid
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Crescentic glomerulonephritis is an essential kind of glomerulonephritis. According to its rapid progression and aggressiveness, recognizing its risk factors helps to manage a better treatment and outcome. Objectives: This study was designed to compare demographic, laboratory, and renal biopsy findings of patients with crescentic glomerulonephritis among males and females. Patients and Methods: This cross-sectional study compared age, gender, types of crescentic glomerulonephritis, serum creatinine, 24-hour proteinuria, the number of crescents, and percentage of fibrosis. Results: Of 169 patients with crescentic glomerulonephritis, 54.4% were males, and 45.6% were females. The mean age, serum creatinine level, and 24-hour proteinuria were 37.73±15.32 years, 2.06±1.35 mg/d, and 2084.82±1170.98 mg/d, respectively. Serum creatinine level and 24-hour proteinuria were not significantly different by gender. In addition, the number of crescents had no relationship with age and 24-hour proteinuria; however, it had a significant direct relationship with serum creatinine. Conclusion: According to our study, lupus nephritis affected women more than men, while other forms of crescentic glomerulonephritis were more common in males. Depending on the population, a significant relationship between the number of crescent and serum creatinine was detected. The mean age of females with crescentic glomerulonephritis was significantly lower than males.
Relapses or de-novo IgA nephropathy following COVID-19 vaccination; a narrative review
Authors: Hafizi Masoud , Khosravian Maryam , Peymani Payam , Alimohammadi Shahrzad , Shayanpour Shokouh , Jahantigh Hamid Reza
Published: February 2023

Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy is the most common type of glomerulonephritis worldwide characterized by excessive serum levels of glycosylated which triggers the generation of glycan-specific IgG and IgA autoantibodies. This pathological condition results in the formation of circulatory IgA immune complexes, which are essential for the development of glomerular inflammation, especially IgA nephropathy. The serum galactosylated IgA1, IgG, and IgA autoantibodies are suggested as the biomarkers of IgA nephropathy since IgA antibodies are early markers for disease activity too. Serum IgA antibodies emerged as the early COVID-19-specific antibody response about two days after initial symptoms of COVID-19 in comparison with IgG and IgM antibody concentrations, which appeared after five days. IgA nephropathy is frequently presented as microscopic or macroscopic hematuria and proteinuria with a male predominance. COVID-19 infection can include several organs aside from the lungs, such as kidneys through different mechanisms. It is demonstrated in most cases that short-lasting symptoms such as gross hematuria resolve either spontaneously or following a short course of steroids. This review summarized the reported cases of relapses or de-novo reported cases of relapses or de-novo IgA nephropathy and IgA vasculitis following COVID-19 vaccination.
Goiter size changes as an indicator of response to treatment following selenium intake, and its correlation with goiter type
Authors: Kalbasi Saeed , Mardanparvar Hossein , Tajik Alireza , Khazaeian Danial , Neyriz Ali , Farsad Faraneh , Ahmadi Samaneh
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Goiter is a common problem in the world; however, it is more prevalent in countries with iodine deficiency. Goiter has different etiologies while one of them is Hashimoto’s thyroiditis. Selenium is a trace element that has different important effects in the body. It has also some effects in the thyroid. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of selenium intake on goiter size and the correlation with goiter type. Patients and Methods: In prospective observational study, 20 patients with Hashimoto’s goiter and 40 patients with non-Hashimoto’s goiter were evaluated for thyroid sizes. The nodule sizes were else evaluated. After the first evaluation, daily selenium supplement (200 mg) was prescribed for all patients for six months. After this time, the sizes of goiter and nodules were measured again. Results: Results showed that the size of both goiter lobes in both Hashimoto’s and non-Hashimoto’s groups was significantly reduced before and after selenium intake (P<0.001). The reduction rate in left lobe size in patients with Hashimoto’s goiter was 50.73% and in nonHashimoto’s goiter patients was 20.89% (P<0.001). The reduction rate in right lobe size in patients with Hashimoto’s goiter was 53.37% and in non-Hashimoto’s goiter was 20.46 (P<0.001). Conclusion: We conclude that administration of selenium is effective in reducing the size of the goiter.
In vitro evaluation of the amount of flavonoids, flavanols, and total phenolic compounds in 10 medicinal plants used in Iran; focus on diabetes and kidney diseases
Authors: Rafieian-Kopaei Mahmoud , Eskandarian Reyhaneh , Bijad Elham , Banitalebi Majid , Rahimi-Madiseh Mohammad
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) as oxidants are important concerns in medicine due to their adversative effects and risk of carcinogenicity. Antioxidants can neutralize free radicals and ROS thus possesses protective effect on the body. Plants are rich sources of natural antioxidants and phenolic compounds are among the most important antioxidants in the plants; therefore, many studies have investigated their protective effects. Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the number of flavonoids, flavonols, and total phenolic compounds in 10 commonly used medicinal plants in Iran. Materials and Methods: Extraction was performed using 70% ethanol solvent. The extracts were concentrated by rotary evaporator at 40°C. Folin-Ciocalteu method was used to measure the amount of phenol. The amount of flavonol was measured using 2% aluminum chloride and 5% sodium acetate. In addition, to determine the flavonoid compounds, 2% aluminum chloride and 5% potassium acetate was used. Results: The outcomes of this study disclosed that the studied plants had reasonably high quantities of flavonoid and phenolic compounds. The uppermost amount of phenolic compounds was detected in the myrtle plant (62.7 mg/g), and the lowermost amounts were detected in fig leaves and lemon balm. Moreover, the highest amount of flavonoid compounds was detected in ginger, myrobalan, and myrtle; the measured amounts of flavonoid compounds in the mentioned plants were 42.49, 32.15, and 34.38 mg/g, respectively. The highest amount of phenolic compound was detected in hydroalcoholic extract of barberry. Conclusion: Hydroalcoholic extract of ginger, barberry, fig leaves, rhubarb, myrobalan, walnut diaphragm, pomegranate peel, lemon balm, cardamom, and myrtle had great quantities of phenolic, flavonol, and flavonoid compounds. As a result, these herbal plants can be considered and used as an important source of natural antioxidants.
Influenza associated acute necrotizing encephalopathy and COVID-19 encephalopathy; a comparative review
Authors: Das Bikram Keshari , Gautam Sudeep , Meher Nikita , Thavanati Parvathi Kumara Reddy , Singh Santosh
Published: February 2023

Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) is influenza-associated encephalopathy (IAE) that mostly occurs in younger age groups following an acute viral illness with a very low recovery rate. It is a rare but rapidly progressive neurodegenerative disorder which pathogenesis is still not clear. There are some cases reported where the virus can directly invade the central nervous system (CNS) through the peripheral nervous system. Several pathogenic conditions like rising levels of proinflammatory cytokines, dissolving the blood-brain barrier (BBB), etc can trigger the viral infection. There are no specific treatments available but initial steroid therapy in combination with antivirals and hypothermia therapy were found efficacious in some cases. Similarly, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) encephalopathy is caused by a novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2). Having a very low recovery rate, and still unknown pathophysiology, this condition is proved to be fatal for immunocompetent adults. Treatments are not available but drugs like remdesivir, hydroxychloroquine, tocilizumab, and losartan were used to reduce the viral infection. No recurrent cases have been reported so far, but reinfection of the virus can trigger hypoxic encephalopathy. This review mainly focuses on a comparative study to understand the pathophysiology to help for discovering a new area of drug development.
Effects of gender on the efficacy and response to COVID-19 vaccination; a review study on current knowledge
Authors: Rastegar Kashkouli Ali , Jafari Mohsen , Yousefi Pourya
Published: February 2023

Vaccination is one of the most important public health strategies to reduce mortality and morbidity of various infectious diseases. The COVID-19 pandemic was declared, on March 11, 2020, since then, the virus has spread rapidly, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines have played the main substantial role in advancing the management of the COVID-19 pandemic. As is well known, sex/gender-related differences affect vaccine efficacy, response, and acceptability. This review aims to compare the effects of sexual dimorphism and gender-related differences factors on the efficacy, responses, and acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccines. As far as the COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness is concerned, both males and females with the COVID-19 vaccine showed consistent and impressive efficacy; although males showed slightly greater efficacy, there was no significant correlation between the efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine and their sex or gender differences. Consequently, to reduce adverse reactions in females, sex differences should be considered in the design of the COVID-19 vaccine. It is also essential to conduct pragmatic trials to verify whether sex differences in vaccine response and efficacy vary with age.
Do antibacterial or antiviral filters protect operating room staff by preventing COVID-19 virus spread from cardiopulmonary bypass machine during open hear surgeries? A case report
Authors: Hekmat Manouchehr , Ghaderi Hamid , Ansari Aval Zahra , Mirjafari Seyedeh  Adeleh , Hekmat Mandana , Tirdad Roshanak
Published: February 2023

Open heart surgeries are inevitable during pandemic and there is the possibility of corona virus transmission through oxygenated exhaust during cardiopulmonary bypass (CBP). In this study, researchers try to test the hypothesis by placing an antiviral and antibacterial filter in the air outlet of the oxygenator in order to prevent spread of COVID-19 virus in operating room. The COVID-19 positive patient needed emergency open-heart surgery due to her critical situation. The patient was under cardiopulmonary bypass for almost two hours. Antibacterial and antiviral filters were placed in oxygenator outlet. At the end of the procedure, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) swab was taken from both sides of the filter. The result of the test behind the filter was positive, but at the other side of the filter was negative. This may suggest, the exhaust air from the oxygenator can spread viruses into the room and the antibacterial and antiviral filters may be able to prevent operating room contamination. The installation of filter in the oxygenator exhaust can prevent the spread of COVID-19 viruses into the operating room air. Using this cheap and affordable method, operating room staff safety can be assured.
Potential biomarkers of chronic kidney disease progression among kidney-derived proteins; a review
Authors: Kademani Sangeetha Prabhu , Nelaturi Prabhudas , Bhat Vishnu , Sagar Sathya , Sambandam Ravikumar
Published: February 2023

The incidence and mortality rate of kidney disease and its progression to end-stage disease have predominantly increased worldwide. Other morbid conditions, such as diabetes and hypertension, are major risk factors for kidney disease. Detection of kidney disease is difficult due to its heterogeneity and complex pathophysiology. Kidney injury and advanced stages of the disease are currently assessed by traditional biomarkers such as serum creatinine, albuminuria, proteinuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Numerous biomarkers derived from the kidney involved in endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory processes and tubular cell damage are potential targets for disease progression management. The review summarized potential biomarkers of chronic kidney disease (CKD) to improve patient care in various clinical practices with an increased focus on loss of kidney function.
Arrhythmia in a COVID-19 patient: A case report
Authors: Aria Amir , Tabesh Faezeh , Soheilipour Maryam , Tabesh Elham , Dianatkhah Mehrnoush , Pourahmad Morteza , Momenzadeh Mahnaz
Published: February 2023

In this study, we considered an 83-year-old male patient admitted to the Al-Zahra hospital emergency department in Isfahan. He complained of fatigue, weakness, headache, and cough. In addition, he had hallucinations and delusions for two days; but he had no fever and chill. His physical examination showed a blood pressure of 170/100 mm Hg, heart rate of 142 beats per minute (bpm), respiratory rate of 23 pbm, oxygen saturation (in room air) of 83%, and oxygen bag reserve mask of 93%. We realized cardiac involvement during hospitalization, including sinus bradycardia, first-degree atrioventricular (AV) block, recurrent premature ventricular from tricuspid ring, atrial tachycardia (AT) rhythm with variable AV conduction block, increased heart rate with functional bundle branch block, and negative troponin. The patient was treated with medicines to control heart rate and admitted to the cardiac care unit (CCU). Next, the patient was intubated due to a worsening lung condition. Afterward, he was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and died the next day. According to the literature, compromised cardiac vascular is the most common complications in hospitalized patients due to COVID-19 infection and has a higher mortality risk. Cardiac arrhythmias are additionally common clinical manifestations. These arrhythmias seem to be caused by inflammatory responses in the myocardium, electrolyte disorders, and hypoxia. Our patient showed that the COVID-19 virus might induce different types of arrhythmias.
Sepse: correlação dos achados laboratoriais e taxa de sobrevida de animais
Authors: Okuma Tessy Yoshana , Costa Maria Beatriz Fraga , Sepúlveda Rodrigo Viana , Senhorello Igor Luiz Salardani , Braga Fabio Ribeiro , Hiura Emy
Published: February 2023

A sepse tem se tornando um dos maiores desafios na medicina veterinária. A sepse é definida como uma disfunção orgânica decorrente de uma inadequada resposta imunológica frente a um agente infeccioso, ameaçando a vida do animal. O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a ocorrência das doenças de maior frequência que levaram os animais a sepse nos atendimentos realizados no Hospital Veterinário (HV) da Universidade Vila Velha (UVV), em Vila Velha/ Espírito Santo, Brasil, observando as alterações laboratoriais relacionadas à sepse e correlacionando com a expectativa de vida desses animais. Através de um estudo retrospectivo, houve o levantamento dos casos atendidos no período de agosto a dezembro de 2019. Os dados foram tabulados, e, analisados por software, utilizando nível de significância de 5%. As principais doenças que conduziram a sepse foram em ordem de frequência a erliquiose, piometra e gastroenterites; além disso, foi observado que os fatores influenciadores na sobrevida destes animais foram alteração nos valores de leucócitos totais (p=0,042) e a presença de azotemia (ureia p <0,001 e creatinina p=0,003). Demonstrou-se assim, a importância dos achados laboratoriais em conjunto com as alterações clínicas, permitindo agilidade na identificação de um quadro em curso de síndrome da resposta inflamatória (SRIS)/Sepse.
Lineamientos para una Norma Técnica de Calidad de Topónimos en la Cartografía Básica Oficial del Perú
Authors: Sandoval Jorge Lescano , Sena Lucia Emperatriz Valdez , Montilla Victor Israel Torres , Marlitt Florinda Naupay Vega
Published: February 2023

Se presenta una serie de criterios a fin de poder esbozar una Norma Técnica Peruana (NTP) sobre Nombres Geográficos o Topónimos de calidad y su implementación en la cartografía básica oficial. Los lineamientos se presentan en forma de estructura y se presentan recomendaciones a fin de generar una mayor sensibilización y concientización en la población de la importancia de los Nombres Geográficos o Topónimos. Se induce a establecer una política pública sobre Nombres Geográficos o Topónimos en el marco de una Política Territorial en el Perú.
Microalgas y su uso como bioindicadoras en la laguna lobos y cuatro arroyos (Buenos Aires, Argentina)
Authors: Barraza Ana , Torremorell Ana , Giorgi Adonis
Published: February 2023

Los sistemas lóticos pampeanos constituyen una unidad única de paisaje, siendo la baja velocidad de corriente, la ausencia de plantas leñosas y el escaso sustrato rocoso principales características que regulan el desarrollo de los productores primarios, permitiendo el crecimiento del fitoplancton. Esta comunidad, cobra relevancia y llega a ser vital para sostener e integrar las tramas tróficas acuáticas. Para estudiarla estudio se establecieron 10 sitios de muestreo en verano entre la laguna de Lobos y sus afluentes, los arroyos Salgado, Las Garzas y Salvador María y el arroyo el Toro efluente de la laguna (Provincia de Buenos Aires-Argentina). En estos sitios se tomaron muestras de agua para los análisis fisicoquímicos, peso seco y clorofila y muestras de  plancton para análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo. Se determinaron  110 morfoespecies de algas fitoplanctónicas en total, distribuidas en 8 clases y 21 órdenes. Los grupos taxonómicos más abundantes fueron Cyanophyceae y Bacillariophyceae siendo Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii, Phormidium sp.,  Cyclotella meneghiniana y Nitzschia palea, las especies dominantes. La presencia de estos organismos, el análisis de los valores de la biomasa algal y la concentración de clorofila y nutrientes, indican un cambio en el estado trófico incrementándose de eutrófico a hipeurtrófico, por lo que se recomiendan monitoreos periódicos.
Mejoramiento genético asistido para características reproductivas de animales domésticos
Authors: Parra-Bracamonte G. Manuel , Sifuentes-Rincón Ana María , Magaña-Monforte Juan G. , Martínez-González Juan Carlos
Published: February 2023

En los sistemas de producción animal, las características de reproducción influyen significativamente en su eficiencia y rentabilidad. La reproducción como herramienta de cambio genético necesariamente requiere de estrategias que identifiquen la variabilidad genética de los caracteres de interés; sin embargo, debido a su naturaleza compleja todos los caracteres reproductivos requieren del entendimiento de su arquitectura genética, condición que por su baja heredabilidad resulta complejo por métodos convencionales. La biotecnología genómica en la actualidad propone el mejoramiento genético sustantivo por medio del uso e implementación de marcadores genéticos, sobre todo del tipo SNP. En los últimos años se ha investigado intensivamente, en ganado ovino y bovino, la variabilidad genética de caracteres reproductivos utilizando la búsqueda de variantes alélicas en genes candidatos que expliquen esta variabilidad y puedan ser empleados durante la selección. Actualmente en algunos casos su uso es una realidad (p.e. fecundidad, tamaño de camada en razas ovinas). Para otras características aún es requerida mayor investigación y validación de sus efectos putativos. En perspectiva, el futuro avizora mejores y más intensos logros con la disminución de los costos de tipificación y el mayor entendimiento en la interacción de los genes en caracteres complejos.
THE ABSURDITY OF ANTON CHEKHOV’S VAUDEVILLES AS A FORM OF COMPREHENSION OF THE PASSING ERA
Authors: Gromov Alexey A.
Published: February 2023

In the artistic world of Anton Chekhov’s vaudeville, we observe the collision of two worlds: the old and the new. The first world is a space of officials, bureaucracy and “official truthˮ. This is countered by an unpredictable world of hilarious absurdity and buffoonery. The article discusses the concept of updating an outdated form of life, which is part of the unique poetics of the absurd by Anton Chekhov. The main technique is the grotesque, presented on the pages of Anton Chekhov’s plays in both the modernist version of its development and the realistic one. If the modernist grotesque is the territory of satire, where everything “inappropriateˮ, new and unusual is condemned and ridiculed by the norms of the old world, then the realistic grotesque performs the function of eliminating or updating everything outdated through comprehensive ambivalent laughter, which is a refreshing foundation. Carnival laughter cleanses from everything dogmatic, removes ˮofficialˮ prohibitions, opening the doors to a new world free from edification. The cheerful absurdity of folkish life accompanies the outdating world and meets the emerging one in the same way as Anton Chekhov’s work saw off the epoch of the 19th century, meeting the new world of the 20th century.
MUSEUM HOMESTEAD SCIENCE: LANDMARKS AS A WAY TO PRESERVE LITERARY LANDSCAPES
Authors: Skorokhodov Maxim V.
Published: February 2023

Literary museum-reserves and manor museums are considered in this article to be the basis for creating landmark sites, thanks to which literary landscapes are preserved and reconstructed. It is important to preserve not only the manor complexes where writers lived and worked, but also the territories surrounding the manor houses. Estates and surrounding farmsteads, household items, natural landscapes, local toponymy, history of the place of residence – all this was relevant to the writers since their childhood, was preserved in their memory and had a significant influence on their work and the peculiarities of their image system. As literary landscapes are also considered museum-like manors, which were once cultural centres with theatres and musicians, where neighbours, writers and cultural figures came together.
THE AUTHOR’S IDEA OF ENGLISHNESS IN THE NOVEL “MANSFIELD PARK” BY JANE AUSTEN
Authors: Sklizkova Tina A.
Published: February 2023

In the globalisation age, it is necessary to define one’s national identity. For the English, this is especially topical, for it turned out that the concept “Englishness” is “dissolved” in a multicultural environment. The article deals with Jane Austen’s understanding of “Englishness”. In her novels, written in the genre of “country house novel», the house and its surroundings are closely connected with the concept of “home” – one of the main concepts in the English national conceptual sphere of “Englishness”. We can say that these novels influenced the subsequent perception of “Englishness” in English fiction. This explains the topicality of the study. The article proves that Jane Austen’s understanding of “Englishness” includes not only the country house, but is also associated with such concepts as patriotism, marriage and the Tory.
KEYWORDS IN TERMS OF FREQUENCY AND THEMATIC RELEVANCE
Authors: Galkina Natalia P.
Published: February 2023

The article focuses on the role of keywords, their statistical data for determining the thematic dominance when working with large arrays of texts. The description is based on the materials of a typological linguistic study of the texts of military songs, the period of 1939-1945, in English and Russian. The selection of keywords was carried out on the basis of semantic, lexical-syntactic, morphological analysis, taking into account the frequency of their use. The frequency of using a word may not always be a defining feature for marking it as a keyword. Within the framework of one text, the keywords may be words that help understand the sense, unravel its deep meaning, remember the content. When combining a large number of texts, by authorship, chronology, thematic, stylistic or other relatedness, the frequency of keywords matters and can serve as a determining factor, a classification criterion. This paper shows that the results of the thematic distribution of texts based on the semantic analysis of their content correspond to the results of statistical analysis of the keywords and are confirmed by machine quantitative indicators of their frequency. The results are relevant for both Russian-language and English- language materials.
«WEDDING IN SONGS AND RITES (IN KOSTROMA COUNTY)» (ABOUT ONE MANUSCRIPT FROM THE STATE ARCHIVE OF THE KOSTROMA REGION)
Authors: Krasheninnikova Yulia A.
Published: February 2023

This article is devoted to the presentation of the manuscript stored in the State Archive of the Kostroma Region. The topicality of this work is explained, firstly, by the importance of introducing unpublished archival materials into scientific circulation and their critical analysis; secondly, by the need to assess the painstaking work of collectors of folklore and ethnographic materials in the XIX – beg. XX century – folklorists, ethnographers, correspondents of regional scientific societies, representatives of rural intelligentsia (teachers, priests), etc. The author’s focus is the manuscript “Wedding in Songs and Rites (in Kostroma County)” compiled from materials of the Kostroma Scientific Society for the Study of the Local Territory and the Kostroma Scientific Archival Commission; physical, graphic, and meaningful features of the manuscript are analyzed. Folklore material mainly a spoken repertoire – speeches and rhymes of wedding ranks and participants of the ritual (groomsman, brother of the bride, girls – friends of the bride, natives) is characterized, the proportion of which exceeds the number of texts of other genres (lamentations and songs). The latter circumstance distinguishes the manuscript from a large number of handwritten materials stored in different archives of Russia. The stylistic features of folklore texts are analyzed, some of these texts are rare and have no analogues in published collections and archival materials.
TRAINING OF MIDDLE-LEVEL LEGAL SPECIALISTS IN THE USSR (IN TERMS OF GORKY LAW SCHOOL)
Authors: Beznosova Yana V.
Published: February 2023

The problem of providing state and non-state bodies and structures with qualified legal specialists never loses its topicality. Socio-political conditions of life do change, and sometimes existing educational institutions appear to be unable to meet the newly emerging social needs. This also happened in the USSR, which in the 1930s faced the acute problem of quickly staffing the judicial authorities with a significant number of qualified legal personnel. The task could not be solved by the forces of higher educational institutions; therefore, a new link appeared in the institutional structure of Soviet education – a law school designed to train middle-level justice workers (district prosecutors, investigators, people’s judges, law enforcement officers, etc.) in a short time. This article is devoted to the organisation and activities of the law school on the example of Gorky law school, we describe the difficulties the said school faced in the course of its functioning, and we also note its successes and achievements. The source base of the research consists of archival materials of the Central Archive of Nizhny Novgorod Region, which have been for the first time introduced into scientific circulation, as well as studies conducted by Russian scientists dealing with the problems of the formation and development of legal education in Soviet times.
AND THEIR IMPACT ON THE REGULATION OF THESE RELATIONS IN RUSSIA
Authors: Bekrenev Pavel Y. , Khlestakova Lyubov A. , Melnikov Ivan N.
Published: February 2023

The article analyses the section of the Russian private law system devoted to the restriction of land rights. The modern model of a private easement is analysed, the theory and practice of its application are considered. The Russian experience is compared with the models existing in the European and American legal system. The institute of “neighbourhood law” is investigated. Its models adopted in various foreign countries are considered. Individual elements of legal regulation adopted in foreign countries are proposed for research, the experience of which may be useful for the development of Russian legislation in the field under study.
THE PROBLEM OF STUDYING ADMINISTRATIVE COLLABORATIONISM DURING THE NAZI OCCUPATION IN MODERN RUSSIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY
Authors: Polugodin Andrey D.
Published: February 2023

In historical science the concept of “collaborationismˮ is defined as the cooperation with the enemy of a certain part of the population in the interests of the enemy state and to the detriment of one’s homeland. During the Soviet period this phenomenon was practically not considered for political and ideological reasons. Significant shifts began to occur with the collapse of the Soviet state and the subsequent democratisation of the political and spiritual system. In the 1990’s – the early 2000s, the military, ideological and political variant of collaboration became extremely popular among the researchers, however the administrative form of collaboration, especially on the regional level, still has dramatically poor analysis. The author of the article, analysing a significant layer of research works, tries to identify controversial and scientifically understudied directions in the consideration of administrative collaborationism. The researcher is not trying to limit himself to a superficial review of the general historiography; he rather seeks to identify the missing fragments of the study of such a complex phenomenon. The article is based on the formulation of specific issues, which at the moment are either suppressed or poorly studied.