bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O Álbum Ilustrado da Comarca de Rio Preto (1927-1929)
Authors: Silva Vinicius , Campos Raquel Discini de
Published: August 2021

No presente artigo, objetivou-se perscrutar as representações de educação difundidas na extensão dos 479 textos e das 1.935 iconografias que integram as 1.093 laudas do Álbum Ilustrado da Comarca de Rio Preto (1927-1929). Para tanto, com base nos princípios da História Cultural e da Análise do Discurso, examinou-se o processo social de produção deste artefato e a materialidade das grafias de cunho educacional que o compõem. Assim, averiguou-se um esforço de exaltação verbo-visual da instrução popular e oficial como indício de progresso, em uma diligência enunciativa que fixou o objeto tipográfico investigado como suporte e, a um só tempo, como a encarnação dos projetos civilizatórios e educativos que seus artífices buscaram participar.
Uma juventude saudável
Authors: Gois Junior Edivaldo , Dalben André , Santos Neto Samuel Ribeiro dos , Quitzau Evelise Amgarten
Published: August 2021

Este estudo objetiva compreender como era representada a educação física da juventude urbana na década de 1930, em um contexto de embates pela reconstituição da identidade nacional. Limita-se à observação de discursos e práticas evidenciadas por periódicos médicos e pela imprensa nas duas maiores cidades brasileiras, São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro.  Conclui que os discursos tiveram o objetivo de legitimar práticas voltadas aos corpos, as quais deveriam ser baseadas em um conhecimento científico e em uma moral que pregava a moderação. Entretanto, a necessidade de legitimar a educação física também evidenciou tensões geradas pelos silenciamentos e/ou críticas a outras práticas mais identificadas com a capoeira e com diversões desinteressadas, como a popularização de alguns esportes.
Dijo Perón
Authors: Orbuch Ivan Pablo
Published: August 2021

A mediados del siglo pasado en Argentina, el gobierno liderado por Juan Domingo Perón se caracterizó por desplegar un vasto aparato publicitario encargado de difundir la obra gubernamental. Las palabras del entonces presidente fueron un eficaz vehículo para lograr dicho propósito. En efecto, una serie de folletos fueron impresos de forma masiva con el título Dijo Perón. Los mismos versaban sobre los más disímiles temas, entre ellos el lugar que la Educación Física y los deportes debían ocupar en la formación de los ciudadanos en la Nueva Argentina que se estaba forjando. Precisamente, el presente trabajo procura indagar en los sentidos presentes en los conceptos presidenciales respecto a la Educación Física y los deportes.
A Comissão Nacional de Moral e Civismo e a Mocidade Portuguesa
Authors: Gondim Amanda Marques de Carvalho
Published: August 2021

O artigo procura observar como aspectos da educação se apresentaram no Brasil e em Portugal em períodos históricos de regimes ditatoriais. Um dos discursos proferidos foi o que considerava a importância das tradições e sua manutenção para se atingir um estágio civilizacional superior ao vigente, tendo a educação escolar como principal dispositivo. A metodologia utilizada foi a observação de simetrias na categoria identidade nacional em textos do primeiro presidente da Comissão Nacional de Moral e Civismo [CNMC], no Brasil, e do primeiro comissário nacional da Mocidade Portuguesa [MP], em Portugal. Nos dois casos, foram encontradas afirmações acerca da produção da identidade nacional a partir da valorização das tradições, que deveriam ser preservadas e fomentadas na educação nos dois casos.
A revista Amauta
Authors: Santos Kildo Adevair dos , Oliveira Dalila Andrade , Streck Danilo Romeu
Published: August 2021

O artigo analisa a revista Amauta (1926-1930), editada pelo pensador peruano José Carlos Mariátegui, apresentando suas principais contribuições para o fortalecimento dos processos educacionais emancipatórios da América Latina. O estudo foi desenvolvido por métodos qualitativos de coleta de dados e técnicas de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Os resultados da investigação apontam a originalidade da proposta epistemológica de Amauta, assim como suas contribuições para a pedagogia latino-americana, numa perspectiva que valoriza a identidade cultural a partir dos próprios espaços educativos. A análise destaca os seguintes aspectos: educação dos indígenas; teoria educacional; docência e ação organizativa dos professores; organização da educação; e movimento estudantil e universidade
The Study of the Metal’s Flow Distribution during Rolling in Cutout Strikers for Different Schemes of the Stress State
Authors: Gurulev Dmitrii N. , Palatkina Lyubov' V.
Published: August 2021

In the forging industry, rolling is used to produce ring forgings, which are widely used in power and nuclear engineering. According to the technical conditions and established practice, large ring forgings are made using the operations of precipitation, piercing and rolling out with a striker on the mandrel.
Simulation of New Multilayer Waveguides by Explosion Welding
Authors: Savchenko Iurii V. , Shapoval Oleksandr , Paleshko Yana S.
Published: August 2021

The possibility of obtaining multilayer cylindrical waveguides by explosion welding is investigated. The fact that the technological welding scheme has a significant impact on the shaping of workpieces and the value of edge effects was established. The studies demonstrated that the nature of wave formation during the manufacture of multilayer cylindrical waveguides from a homogeneous material by explosion welding using a central rod is identical to the wave formation when welding flat multilayer compositions on a rigid base.
Research the Effect of Speed Mismatch during Continuous Rolling on the Plasticity Margin
Authors: Nepryakhin Sergey O. , Vodopyanova Olga V.
Published: August 2021

The paper analyzes the influence of tension (dam) on the stress-strain stain and plasticity margin. For the analysis, a model of continuous rolling in three adjacent stands was developed using the Deform 3D software. The adequacy of the model was confirmed by comparing the experimental data from the small-section wire mill 150 and the simulation results. Further, a computational experiment was planned to identify the effect of mismatched of rolling speeds on stress-strain stain. It is shown that for small deviations of rolling speed from the matched mode, there is no significant change in the reserve plasticity along the specific trajectory of the particles movement.
Technology of the Contact Wire Manufacture for High-Speed Railways
Authors: Sulitsin Andrey V. , Mysik Raisa K. , Morgunov Vadim V.
Published: August 2021

The article presents an overview of possible technological schemes to produce an overhead contact wire for railways. Pilot experiments were carried out on the manufacture of a contact wire made of CuMg0.3, CuMg0.4 and CuMg0.5 alloys and having a nominal cross section of 100 mm2. The contact wire was obtained from a continuously cast rod with small section, which was subjected to plastic deformation using the Conform technology and cold drawing of the extruded rod. In the casting process, we encountered the formation of cracks on the cast rod surface and the rods breakage. The inner surface of the graphite bushings of the mold after casting the rod was studied and a thin gray layer was found on the inner surface of the graphite bushings. Areas of the graphite bushing with gray layer were studied by scanning electron microscopy and element-by-element mapping was performed with the selection of a spectrum in the sediment layer area. In order to determine the phase composition of the sediment layer it was analyzed by the method of full-profile analysis of the X-ray diffraction pattern according to Rietveld. X-ray phase analysis showed the CuMg2 and Cu2Mg phases presence. This allowed us to assume a possible mechanism for the formation of the sediment layer. Ultimate tensile strength, elongation and electrical resistivity was determined. Analysis showed that the overhead wires made of CuMg0.3, CuMg0.4, CuMg0.5 alloys meets the requirements of GOST R 55647-2018 for wires made of the second conditional group bronze.
Development of Advanced Technologies for the Production of Innovative Materials with a Submicrocrystalline Structure by Methods of Severe Plastic Deformation
Authors: Nukhov Danis Sh. , Tolkushkin Andrey O.
Published: August 2021

A promising direction for the development of steel and alloy processing processes is the intensification of plastic deformation by creating zones of localization of shear strains not only in the longitudinal but also in the transverse directions of the deformed metal flow. Intensification of alternating deformations along the entire cross-section and, especially, in the axial zone of the billet by creating new deformation schemes is an effective way to increase the physical, mechanical and functional properties of the metal with the maximum approximation of the finished product size to the original billet size. The paper shows that a promising idea is the development of new technological schemes that implement severe alternating deformation in existing metal forming processes. A continuous rolling method of wide strips is proposed, which provides severe alternating deformation with minor changes in the size of the billet. Based on this method, a scheme of continuous rolling of the strip with the intensification of plastic deformation of the metal is designed. The results of computer simulation showed that the new rolling method increases the strain uniformity in height and the value of the strain degree in the plane of symmetry of the billet.
Mechanical Properties of a Mild-Alloy Steel for Aerospace Engineering
Authors: Maisuradze Mikhail V. , Ryzhkov Maxim A. , Lebedev Dmitriy I.
Published: August 2021

The features of microstructure and mechanical properties of the aerospace high strength steel were studied after the implementation of various heat treatment modes: conventional oil quenching and tempering, quenching-partitioning, austempering. The dependence of the mechanical properties on the tempering temperature was determined. The basic patterns of the formation of mechanical properties during the implementation of isothermal heat treatment were considered. The optimal heat treatment conditions for the studied steel were established.
Study of the Boron Effect on the Physicochemical Properties of Ligatures
Authors: Cherepanov Aleksandr I. , Kukartsev Viktor Alekseevich , Kukartsev Vladislav Viktorovich
Published: August 2021

One of the effective ways to improve the quality of semi-finished products made from aluminum alloys is to eliminate the columnar and fan-shaped structure in them, refine the grain and achieve homogeneity, is modification and alloying. Modification of the melt is carried out using ligatures and allows a significant increase in the casting rate without fear of an excessive increase in the degree of zonal segregation during crystallization, as well as ensuring the uniformity of the chemical composition over the section. An important role in the quality of modification is also played by the manufacturing technology of the master alloy itself, which should ensure an increase in the cooling rate during crystallization. To obtain an alloy with the required properties, the quality of the charge materials used must be considered. First of all, this concerns master alloys, which are used for alloying and modifying the alloy. The most common for the manufacture of ingots and shaped castings are master alloys containing boron or boron and titanium. The boron content in these ligatures is 1-5%. It is generally accepted that a large amount of boron (except for the rise in the cost of the alloy itself) upon accelerated cooling promotes the refinement of the internal structure of the grain, but can lead to an increase in large inclusions of TiB2.
Improvement the Round Bloom Continuous Casting Technology at JSC “Ural Steel”
Authors: Ayvazyan Lilya A. , Nikoli Nadezhda K. , Shapovalov Aleksey N.
Published: August 2021

The results of assessment of macrostructure and surface quality of round blooms 455 mm in diameter, cast on 4-strand continuous casting machine (CCM) at JSC “Ural Steel” are presented. The analysis of technological casting parameters of round blooms 455 mm in diameter (from steel grade “2”) at bloom caster of JSC “Ural Steel” are completed. Violations in casting temperature and rate parameters, which deteriorate thermal conditions of solidification and quality of continuous casting blooms, have been revealed. The main causes of unsatisfactory bloom quality have been determined, which are the increased overheating of cast metal and irrational secondary cooling mode. The results of the experiment to evaluate the surface temperature dynamics of a round bloom in the secondary cooling zone are presented, which confirmed the inefficiency of the secondary cooling mode for the defect-free bloom formation. As a result of thermal calculations of round blooms solidification of 455 mm in diameter, rational coolant flow rates by secondary cooling sections for bloom caster of JSC “Ural Steel” have been proposed. Optimized secondary cooling parameters provide a softer secondary cooling of the round bloom, which reduces the probability of the surface and internal defects development.
Technologies for the Production of Non-Annealed Pellets
Authors: Tolymbekova Lyazat B. , Yersain Kuat S. , Kamenov Almat A.
Published: August 2021

This article presents the results of research on the development of an effective technology for the production of non-fired pellets using a binder additive and a reducing agent. The proposed method will make it possible to obtain pellets using material of class 0-5 mm, i.e. eliminates the costliest part of the pellet production technology - regrinding. It is also important that the non-fired agglomeration of the material almost unchanged the composition and properties of the feedstock, as a result of which the reduction processes in them begin earlier and proceed more intensively. Using the results of physical and chemical studies, a technology has been developed for pelletizing fines of manganese ore from the Western Kamys deposit using clay from the Sazdinsky deposit as a binder and smelting ferrosilicon manganese using manganese pellets.
Influence of Residual Stresses on the Weld Metal Hardness of 5V Titanium Alloy
Authors: Terentyev Egor V. , Marchenkov Artem Yu. , Borodavkina Ksenia T.
Published: August 2021

Influence of residual welding stresses on the hardness values of the weld metal is studied. The investigations were carried out on 5V titanium alloy welded joints, obtained by electron-beam welding and argon-arc welding (TIG-welding). It is shown that the nature of the residual stresses distribution depends on the parameters of welding and affects the hardness values of the weld metal. It is shown, that the difference between the hardness values of the metal after welding and the metal after partial relief of residual stresses on the investigated alloy is up to 90 MPa, which is about 3% of the weld metal hardness level.
Development of Calibration Knives for Hot Cutting Shears
Authors: Malanov Artem A. , Orlov Grigory A.
Published: August 2021

In this paper, the problem distortion the end of a cylindrical workpiece in the cutting process on hot shears before being fed to the piercing mill is considered. To solve this problem, a new calibration of knives has been developed, and a finite element model hot cutting shears has been developed using the DEFORM-3D computer simulation software package. Modeling the cutting process using the proposed calibration has been carried out. It was found that the knife calibers geometry plays an important role in the formation end part geometry of the blank. Based on the simulation results, it was concluded that proposed calibration reduces the ovality workpiece end by almost 2 times in comparison with current calibration. Recommendations have been developed for the production of changes in the existing technology for cutting pipe billets.
Hydrogenation of Para-Nitrotoluene on Catalytic Systems Containing Oxides of Rare Earth Elements
Authors: Kurunina Galina M. , Ivankina Olga M. , Butov Gennady M.
Published: August 2021

This work is devoted to the study of the activity of 1% platinum catalysts containing rare earth element oxides (OREE) - Gd2O3, Ce2O3 and aluminum oxide as a carrier in the hydrogenation reactions of nitro compounds on the example of n-nitrotoluene. These catalytic systems in the conditions of liquid-phase hydrogenation provide high selectivity of the process and practically quantitative yield. The process was controlled by the potentiometric method, the reaction rate was judged by the amount of hydrogen absorbed per unit time. It is found that 20% and higher aqueous alcohol solutions can be used as a solvent during hydrogenation. It was found that the initial hydrogenation rate for 1% Pt/Gd2O3 is 3.2 times higher, and for 1% Pt/Ce2O3 Cerium it is 1.6 times higher relative to the 1% Pt/Al2O3 comparison catalyst.
Refining of Primary Aluminum from Vanadium
Authors: Bykov Petr O. , Kuandykov Almaz B. , Zhunusov Ablay K.
Published: August 2021

The paper investigates the technology of refining primary aluminum from vanadium impurities, based on flux treatment with boron-containing fluxes.
In the Pavlodar region of the Republic of Kazakhstan, on the basis of local enterprises, the production of primary aluminum and products based on local raw materials is developing.
The main problem in the production of primary aluminum on the basis of JSC “Kazakhstan Electrolysis Plant” is the presence of undesirable vanadium impurities, which pass into metal during electrolysis from baked anodes based on calcined coke (vanadium content up to 800 ppm) of the local enterprise LLP UPNK-PV (Pavlodar, Kazakhstan).
The authors investigated the process of ladle refining of aluminum from vanadium using the Al-B (3% B) alloy.
Laboratory and industrial tests have shown a decrease in the vanadium content by an average of 78% in the bulk of the metal, with an increase in its content in volume up to 5-10% of the ladle capacity. It was found that mixing leads to a certain averaging of the vanadium content in the ladle volume.
Fine Silver Powders Production
Authors: Zvereva Anastasia A. , Shunin Vladimir A. , Voinkov Roman S. , Timofeev Konstantin L.
Published: August 2021

The article lays out the findings aimed to develop the fine silver powder production technique for electronics industry by selecting the variable parameters whereby a number of powder grades can be produced in the existing production environment (JSC “Uralelektromed”, Russia). The tests for significance of the parameters of silver recovery by ascorbic acid such as pH level of nitrate silver solution, dispersant flow rate, initial concentration of silver, mixing rate and solution temperature made it possible to choose optimum conditions to produce powders of 0.8-6.3 μm in particle size, of 3.0-4.2 g/cm3in tapped density and with the specific surface area of 2300-4300 cm2/g. Crystalline silver of 99.98 % purity served as a raw material for obtaining silver powders.
Effective Wear Resistance Parameters of Ion-Plasma Tribological Coatings
Authors: Kudryakov Oleg V. , Varavka Valery N. , Manturov Dmitriy S.
Published: August 2021

Comparative studies of wear resistance during dry friction of vacuum ion-plasma coatings of nitride systems TiAlN and CrAlSiN are carried out. The structural parameters, coating thickness, and physical and mechanical properties were chosen as comparison parameters. A fundamental difference in the wear mechanisms of the coatings is demonstrated. In the TiAlN-system coatings develop an oxidative wear mechanism due to their insufficient heat resistance. The CrAlSiN-system coatings have maximum resistance to plastic deformation. And they are wear out according to the fatigue mechanism, which is typical for coatings with a high level of mechanical properties.
Laser Hardening of Stamps in the Conditions of a Large Engineering Company
Authors: Savin Igor A.
Published: August 2021

The work addresses the possible use of a third-generation robotic complex with a fiber laser to restore and strengthen the working parts of the stamping rig in the conditions of a large engineering company. The method of restoring and fine-hardening of stamps from complex steels 5X2MNF, 4X5MFS with solid-state laser is justified. Economic analysis was carried out and the economic effect of the complex was described.
Hardness of the Powder Coating PG-CP4 Applied to Steel 40H13 and Subjected Laser Treatment
Authors: Gusev Vladimir G. , Morozov Valentin V. , Gavrilov Dmitry I.
Published: August 2021

The article examines the hardness of the coating made of PG-CP4 powder. Plasma powder deposition was performed to samples made of 40H13 steel and then the samples treated with a laser beam. A multi-factor model was established that relates the hardness of the protective coating to the radiation power W, the longitudinal feed Spr of the laser beam, and the distance L from the protective casing of the laser head to the treated surface. Depending on the laser treatment modes, coating was in a state of complete, partial reflow or its absence. Full reflow is characterized by the adhesion of the filler material to the substrate, by maximum hardness of HRC 51.2–56.6 and no defects. In the absence of reflow, gas sinks, transverse microcracks, detachments, and other defects were found in the coating material, and the hardness decreased to HB 125–212. An increase in W and a decrease in Spr lead to increases the hardness of the treated coating, which is explained by an increase in the specific heat flux supplied to the coating per unit time, and a high rate of heat removal deep into the surface layer of 40H13 steel. The thickness of the surface layer with increased hardness ranged from 0.1 to 1.5 mm. Based on the multi-factor model, laser processing modes are controlled to ensure the required values of the protective coating hardness. The research results are recommended for use in enterprises that implement laser technologies and develop modern laser systems.
Friction Coefficient of the Coating PG-CP4 Sprayed to 40H13 Steel by Plasma and Processed by Laser
Authors: Morozov Valentin V. , Gusev Vladimir G. , Morozov Aleksey V.
Published: August 2021

This article deals with laser treatment of plasma spraying of PG-CP4 powder on steel 40H13. A multi-factor model is obtained that relates the friction coefficient of the coating to the radiation power W, the longitudinal feed of the laser beam Spr, and the distance L from the protective glass of the laser head to the sample’s surface. The model allows you to control the modes of laser processing, in order to reduce the friction coefficient of the coating. The greatest influence on the friction coefficient is exerted by the longitudinal feed Spr of the laser beam, followed by the radiation power W and the distance L. A multi-factor model of the friction coefficient of uncoated 40H13 steel treated under the same conditions as coated 40H13 steel is also established. Comparison of the two variants showed that of all the samples providing reliable adhesion of the coating to the substrate, the greatest reduction in the friction coefficient (by 30.2 %) was achieved at W = 5 kW, Spr = 25 mm/s and L = 85 mm. The results of the research are recommended for use in enterprises that implement the processes of plasma and laser processing of materials, as well as in design organizations that develop modern laser systems.
Mechanical Properties of Laser Treated Thin Sample of an Amorphous-Nanocrystalline Metallic Alloy Depending on the Initial Annealing Temperature
Authors: Safronov Ivan S. , Neplueva Aleksandra A. , Ushakov Ivan V.
Published: August 2021

The ability to control the mechanical properties of metal alloys is an urgent task in materials science. For formation of certain operational properties, in most cases, it is enough to treat the working surface of the product by laser radiation. Classical processing methods are ineffective in relation to multicomponent amorphous-nanocrystalline metallic alloys. This is due to their limited use. Usually, this treatment leads to the loss of unique properties the amorphous-nanocrystalline material. Increasing crack resistance and microhardness is not an easy problem. The structure of an amorphous nanocrystalline material can be destroyed under the action of laser processing. Laser nanosecond treatment, as result of a complex effect on the surface, slightly affects the structure of material. The treated material is characterized by increased microhardness and crack resistance, while at the same time such changes may be controlled.
Formation of the Diffusion Zone in Explosion Welded Composite Cr20Ni80 - AD1 at Liquid-Phase Interaction
Authors: Shmorgun Victor Georgievich , Bogdanov Artem I. , Shcherbin Dmitriy V.
Published: August 2021

The paper presents the investigation on the structure, chemical and phase composition of the diffusion coating formed during the liquid-phase heat treatment in the explosion-welded Cr20Ni80 + AD1 bimetal. It is shown that the coating structure consists of NiAl3, CrAl7, Ni2Al3 intermetallic inclusions, as well as a metastable ternary compound – τ2-phase (Al77.5Cr12.5Ni10) of different dispersion and morphology. There are no crystallization defects in the coating structure.
Formation of TiO2 Coating by the Sol-Gel on Carbon Fibers
Authors: Gallyamova Rida , Safiullin Rustam L. , Musin Fanil F.
Published: August 2021

Solutions with various concentrations of TiO2 were obtained and studied. The morphology of the carbon fiber with TiO2 coatings was investigated. The TiO2 concentration significantly effects on viscosity and coatings formed on carbon fibers. The relationship between TiO2 sol concentration and the mass oxide on the surface of carbon fibers was studied.
Effective Polymer Protective Coatings
Authors: Dergunova Elena S. , Dedyaev German S. , Goncharova Margarita A.
Published: August 2021

New protective coating compositions based on epoxy resins with high rates of chemical resistance to etching solutions are developed. The chemical resistance coefficient ranges from 0.7 to 0.96. The curing process was evaluated via IR spectroscopy. For each composition, the following parameters were determined: impact strength A, compressive strength σcompr and bending strength σbend, adhesion shear strength σshear, glass transition temperature Tgt, high elasticity modulus Eh and mesh density nm.
Mechanical Properties of Barley Straw/HDPE Composites Produced with Extrusion Process
Authors: Kuzmin Anton M. , Ayrilmis Nadir , Vodyakov Vladimir N.
Published: August 2021

This paper is devoted to the study of the technological process for the production of tape from polyethylene and wood-polymer composite by extrusion. At the first stage, the wood-polymer composite granulate was obtained on a co-rotating twin-screw extruder. The tape was made on a Rheomex 19/25 PolyLab OS single-screw extruder with a barrel length L/D = 25. The processing temperature of the wood-polymer composite was in the range of 145 ... 160°C. The tensile strength and elasticity modulus in tension, water absorption per day and density were investigated for the developed wood-polymer composite and polyethylene. It has been found out that for the developed wood-polymer composite, the strength and elastic modulus along the stretch direction increase by 11% and 6%, respectively. Orientation stretching has a significant effect on the physical and mechanical properties of wood-polymer composites.
Functional Properties of Elastomers Based on Butadiene-Nitrile Rubbers
Authors: Eremin Evgeniy N. , Khorova Elena A. , Strizhak Elena A.
Published: August 2021

In this article Therban AT 5065 VP, Therban AT 5005 VP - HBNR elastomers of different unsaturation degrees and their combined compositions research results (using optical and atomic force microscopy, DSC, DMA) are described. With these results structure and functional properties operational data of nitrile elastomers was obtained with no need of durable tests under different temperatures. It was found out that filler dispersion rises from 61.8 to 90.5 % and decomposition temperature grows from 261.9 to 275.3 °C while Therban AT 5005 VP share is increased from 20 to 50 weight parts. It is shown that elastomers with rubber ratio of 50:50 within temperature range from minus 30 to plus 150 °C have the lowest elasticity coefficient (from 311 to 1.6 MPa) and mechanical loss tangent (0.20) at the end of the test.
Effect of Mechanical Activation and Gamma-Irradiation on Structural-Phase State of Ti-Al-C Powder Reagents
Authors: Sobachkin Alexey , Sitnikov Alexander A. , Myasnikov Andrey Yu.
Published: August 2021

The influence of mechanical activation and gamma-irradiation on the structural-phase state of Ti-Al-C powder reagents was studied. The following compositions were used for research: 1) 78% Ti + 14% Al + 8% C; 2) 80% Ti + 12% Al + 8% C; 3) 81% Ti + 10% Al + 9% C. Mechanical activation of these compositions leads to an increase in the diffuse background, a decrease in the intensity of diffraction reflections of mixture components and a broadening of peaks, as well as micro-deformations. Depending on the ratio of components, the structural parameters can either increase in comparison with the initial ones, or decrease. The effect of gamma radiation with a dose rate of 1 Gy/s and accumulated dose of 3·104 Gy on the mechanocomposites of the Ti-Al-C system causes unsystematic change in crystal lattices of elements, which can be explained by radiation-stimulated diffusion. Gamma-irradiation also reduces micro-deformations that occur after mechanical activation, while crystallites of the components remain nanoscale.
Milling Duration Influence on Strontium Hexaferrite Technological Characteristics
Authors: Egorov Ivan N. , Egorov Nikolay Ya. , Egorova Svetlana I.
Published: August 2021

Fine powders of strontium hexaferrite are widely used in powder metallurgy for the production of permanent magnets resistant to atmospheric oxygen and high working temperatures. Obtaining powders with predefined technological characteristics in minimal time and with minimal energy consumption is an actual problem of powder metallurgy. The paper provides the results of experimental studies of technological characteristics of strontium hexaferrite powder (SrFe12O19) during milling in a beater mill. Mechanical milling of coarse strontium hexaferrite was carried out in the mill with the system of rotating beaters for 120 minutes without and with the creation of a pseudo fluidized bed. The fluidization was formed by a perpendicular constant and alternating magnetic field with induction gradients of 150 and 210 mT/m. Average particle size and powder bulk density dependencies from milling time were studied. Experimental data show that milling with the formation of a magneto fluidized bed allows intensifying the process. Beginning from 70 minutes, the dependencies of average particle size and bulk density come to almost asymptotic behavior making further milling rather ineffective. Carried out research allows choosing optimal milling duration for obtaining the required average particle size.
Application of the Hydraulic Diameter of Interdendritic Space for Calculating the Ultimate Tensile Strength of Gray Cast Iron
Authors: Baron Aleksandr A. , Palatkina Lyubov' V. , Palatkin Stanislav V.
Published: August 2021

A comparative analysis of methods for estimating the gray cast iron ultimate tensile strength σu by the hydraulic diameter of interdendritic space DHydIP and the volume fraction of primary austenite dendrites fdc is performed. Almost the same accuracy of cast iron castings σu estimation according to both these parameters DHydIP and fdc of the primary microstructure is shown.
The Research of Iron Containing Wastes Modification Process of Leninabad Rare Metals Plant
Authors: Matyukhin Pavel V. , Mirzoev Daler I.
Published: August 2021

The paper presents the results of ferriferous wastes modification process research carried on the basis of JCS “Leninobad rare metals Plant” located in the Republic of Tajikistan. The wastes for the study were taken from the western tailing. The article presents the justification of the chosen wastes as a filling material in the development of new radiation protective composite building materials. The data on the initial ferriferous chemical composition of the tailing wastes and the chemical composition of the material that passed the enrichment process is presented. The study contains microphotos of ferriferous haematite raw material particles surface before and after completing the modifying process. The paper presents and describes the study of X-ray phase analysis diffractograms of enriched iron-containing wastes before and after the modification process. The current research proves that the enrichment ferriferous wastes particles modification process is possible and as a result it can be used as a filling for the development of new kinds of radioprotective composite materials.
Assessment of the Mechanism of Adhesive Destruction Coatings
Authors: Loganina Valentina I.
Published: August 2021

Information on deformation of coatings at different loading levels during peeling is given. It is shown that the deformations of the organosilicon coating appear already at the initial stages of loading, and the obtained data correlate with the data on acoustic emission. For a polyvinyl acetate coating at low loading levels, equal to 0.3-0.4 R, the release of acoustic signal energy is not observed. The absence of signals with a large amplitude at loading levels up to 0.7-0.8 R indicates the development of plastic deformations in the contact zone of the coating with the substrate. It was found that early localization of bond breaking in the contact zone, leading to the formation of a fracture focus, occurs in organosilicon coatings KO-168. For PVAC coatings, an abrupt growth of cracks is characteristic, which is preceded by its slow growth. The pseudoplastic mechanism of destruction of PVAC coatings has been established. The influence of the nature of the substrate on the change in the nature of the peeling of the coatings is considered.
Industrial Production Technology for Aluminium Paste
Authors: Belskii Sergei S. , Chantsev Maksim V.
Published: August 2021

Today, the development of aluminium industry is highly dynamic. Aluminium production rightly takes top positions in the global metal market. Unique properties of aluminium mean that it is widely used in various industries. The construction industry is no exception – here, aluminium is actively used as a gassing agent for production of steam-cured aerated concrete, which is produced by mixing Portland cement, sand, water and aluminium fine powder or aluminium paste. The main disadvantage of aluminium fine powder is its high degree of dusting: at certain air concentration levels, this becomes fire-and explosion-prone. This is the reason the producers add complex organic additives into their aluminium fine powder: to ensure lower dusting levels and produce an aluminium paste, which is safer to use. This work focuses on obtaining an aluminium paste with sufficient share of organic additives to ensure the efficient performance of aluminium paste as a gassing agent in the production of steam-cured aerated concrete. A number of tests were carried out on mixing aluminium fine powder with various organic additives (fatty additive; wetting agent and gassing kinetics stabiliser; dedusting agent) in different ratios. The paper analyses the quality of distribution of organic additives inside the finished product and studies the relevant gassing kinetics.
Surface Texture Measurement with Profile Method Using Six-Axis Coordinate Measuring Machine
Authors: Kochetkov Andrey V. , Troshin Andrey A. , Zakharov Oleg V.
Published: August 2021

Currently the measurement of surface texture in mechanical engineering is traditionally carried out using profilometers. Modern profilometers do not allow measuring of surfaces with complex shapes. This is due to the different sensitivity of the sensor and the discreteness of the movements along the axes of the Cartesian coordinate system. Coordinate Measuring Machines are devoid of such a drawback. However, stylus of the coordinate measuring machine has a diameter many times larger than the diamond stylus of the profilometer. Therefore, there is a mechanical filtering effect, that affects the results of measuring the parameters of the surface texture. In this paper a mathematical model of the contact of the spherical stylus and a rough surface based on analytical geometry is proposed. Influence of the diameter of the spherical stylus on the maximum measurement errors of a amplitude parameters are investigated. Seven amplitude parameters Rp, Rv, Rz, Ra, Rq, Rsk, Rku of the surface texture are modeled. Coordinate measuring machine and profilometer with stylus diameter of 2 μm measurement results are compared. it was concluded that the stylus diameter of the coordinate measuring machine when measuring the surface texture should be no more than 20 μm.
Relational Contract, Asset Specificity and Business Performance: An Empirical Investigation of Small Enterprises in Seethawaka Divisional Secretariat Division in Colombo District, Sri Lanka
Authors: Jayathilake A. P. M. , Priyanath H. M. S.
Published: August 2021

This study explores the effect of relational contracts on asset specificity and business performance of Small Enterprises (SEs) in Sri Lanka. The study used primary data gathered from 197 SEs in Seethawaka Divisional Secretariat Division in Colombo District using a structured questionnaire survey. Partial Least Square - Structural Equation Modelling was used to analyze the data. Empirical results show that relational qualities positively influence business performance and asset specificity. Further, asset specificity and business performance have a positive association. Also, asset specificity acts as a mediator by improving the relationship between relational contract and business performance. Therefore, the business performance of SEs can be enhanced by organizing network formation programs such as seminars and conferences to create strong relationships with exchange parties that encourage asset specificity.
Book Review: The Moorad Choudhry Anthology: Past, Present and Future Principles of Banking and Finance, Moorad Choudhry (Wiley Finance; 1st Edition (2018), Pages: 1328)
Authors: Peiris T. U. I. , Dewasiri N. J. , Muthusamy Vithiyalani
Published: August 2021

The banking sector is the lifeblood of an economy as modern economies emerge from well-performing banking systems. Also, an efficient banking sector ensures a stable financial system and the country’s desirable growth. But, unfortunately, the banking sector has gone through extreme crisis shock waves over the last few years. To tackle the risk exposure, bankers, policymakers, academic scholars, and reformers have to have sound knowledge of banking operations to overcome complexities in the banking industry. Hence, there is a widespread need created to understand the mysterious world of the banking industry. In this regard, Professor Moorad Choudhry’s book “The Moorad Choudhry Anthology Past, Present, and Future Principles of Banking and Finance” eminently guides theoretical and practical knowledge of banking to the stakeholders.
An unexpected route for otolaryngology bacterial contamination with a Venturi atomizer
Authors: Tseng T.M. , Chen P.Y. , Tseng H. , Lin H.C. , Chang C.Y. , Hung S.H.
Published: August 2021

Background: The Venturi-principle atomizer is a commonly used device in otolaryngology practices. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the possible route of bacterial contamination from the nasal vestibule to the atomizer tip through the jet airflow created during the use of the Venturi atomizer. Methods: Thirty nostrils from 15 enrolled volunteers were tested. The aerosols generated by spraying sterilized saline into the nostrils were collected using a specially made aerosol-collecting nozzle cap. The collected samples were sent for bacterial culture, and nasal vestibular swab cultures were performed for comparison. Results: In the aerosol-exposed group, 18 out of 30 samples (60%) were positive for bacterial growth, confirming the bacterial contamination from the nasal vestibule to the atomizer tip through the reverse jet airflow. The bacteria species in 8 of the 18 positive samples were identical to those from the nasal swab culture results from the same nostril. Conclusion: In ordinary otolaryngology practices, there are significant risks for bacterial contamination from the nasal vestibule to the tip of the Venturi atomizer even without direct contact. Clinicians must be more aware of this pattern of contamination, which has not been reported in the existing literature.
STATE-CENTERED APPROACH IN OTTOMAN-TURKISH MODERNIZATION AND METIN HEPER
Authors: ERCAN Recep
Published: August 2021

The aim of this study is to describe the role of the state in Turkish modernization. For this purpose, Ottoman-Turkish political history is discussed in the context of the "center-periphery" model and Metin Heper's "strong state tradition". In this context, it is discussed whether the general validity of the center-periphery model continues. The center-periphery theory, which reduces modernization to tension and conflict between the superstructure institutions in Turkey, has made the opposition between the urban-secular-middle classes and the traditional-poor-lower classes its starting point. According to the strong state tradition thesis, the ruling elites, who took the modern values transferred from the West as a reference, were insensitive to the environment while constantly strengthening the center. The authoritarian structure of the state prevented the development of different social classes and non-governmental organizations. The strong state tradition transferred from the Ottoman Empire continued to be effective in the republic period as the subject of modernization. So much so that the bureaucratic structure that established the Republic identified itself with the state and strengthened the center until the multi-party system. Cultural conflict and tension between the ruling elites representing the center and traditional society segments representing the periphery have also been decisive in terms of the power struggle. The rise of the neo-liberal wave in the 1980s had reflections on the power struggle in Turkey and affected the relations between the center and the periphery. While the old elites forming the center became the periphery, the conservative sections forming the periphery became centralized and formed the new elites. In conclusion, it can be said that the center-periphery theory and strong state tradition are still functional in explaining Ottoman-Turkish modernization with some reservations. Key Words: Ruling elites, Center-Periphery Model, strong state tradition.
Kartageners Syndrome: A Case Report in the Samutsakhon Hospital
Authors: Girapongsa Luckana , Puangpetch Thanapat , Autravisitkul Orawan , Deesuwun Pariyanoot
Published: August 2021

Kartageners syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder.1 It is characterized by the triad of situs inversus, bronchiectasis and sinusitis. Basic problem is defective movement of the cilia.3 Recognition in this condition keeps prevention for unnecessary investigation. We have presented a case of Kartageners syndrome in the Samutsakhon hospital.
Hepatic hemangioma in cirrhosis: Two case reports
Authors: Dorji Kinley Sangay , Cheewadhanaraks Sunpob
Published: August 2021

Hepatic hemangioma is the most common primary liver tumor with a reported prevalence of 0.4-20%. However, the prevalence of hepatic hemangioma in cirrhosis is considered to be very low ranging from 1.2-1.7%. Also, the morphology and hemodynamics of the hemangioma are different from those found in non-cirrhotic liver. We report two cases of hepatic hemangioma in cirrhosis and their natural progression on follow-up.
Tractor-Implement Tillage Depth Control Using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS)
Authors: Timene Aristide , Ngasop Ndjiya , Djalo Haman
Published: August 2021

This study presents a design of an adaptive neuro-fuzzy controller for tractors’ tillage operations. Since the classical controllers allows plowing depth errors due to the variations of lands structure, the use of the combined neural networks and fuzzy logic methods decreases these errors. The proposed controller is based on Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS), which permits the generation of fuzzy rules to cancel the nonlinearity and disturbances on the implement. The design and simulations of the system, which consist of a hitch-implement mechanism, an electro-hydraulic actuator, and a neuro-fuzzy controller, are conducted in SolidWorks and MATLAB software. The performance of the proposed controller is analyzed and is contrasted with a Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) controller. The obtained results show that the neuro-fuzzy controller adapts perfectly to the dynamics of the system with rejection of disturbances.
The Effect of Band-Gap on TiO2 Thin Film Considering Various Parameters
Authors: Mithun Majedul Haque , Sayed Abu , Rahaman Imteaz
Published: August 2021

The aim of this work is to measure the effect of band-gap on TiO2 thin films by changing tetrabutylorthotitanate (TBOT), diethanolamine (DEA), and temperature. The sol-gel method is experimentally introduced to find out the better band-gap of TiO2 thin films by varying the concentration of TBOT (4 ml to 10 ml), DEA (2 ml to 5 ml), and temperature (350°C to 650°C). With the help of an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer for the wavelength of 300-900 nm, these thin films are characterized concerning optical properties (transmittance spectra, absorbance spectra, direct band-gap, and indirect band-gap). The direct and indirect band-gaps are found 3.38 eV and 3.25 eV respectively, which are close to or within the standard band-gap range of TiO2 (3.2 eV to 3.35 eV) and are found at 8 ml TBOT, 3 ml DEA, and a temperature of 550°C.
Hybrid Speed Controller Design Based on Sliding Mode Controller Performance Study for Vector Controlled Induction Motor Drives
Authors: Nurettin Abdülhamit , İnanç Nihat
Published: August 2021

The discontinuous control of the sliding mode control (SMC) law causes chattering phenomenon in system trajectories (the oscillation around the desired value), which results in various unwanted effects such as current harmonics and torque ripples. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the performance of a sliding mode speed controller for a three-phase induction motor (IM) controlled by a rotor flux orientation technique to obtain optimum performance. The study results show that the experimental control gains found in the control law have a clear effect on limiting chattering and the system response speed. According to the study results, a hybrid controller is designed based on the fuzzy logic control (FLC) approach to optimally tune these gains. The designed hybrid controller is verified by experimental approximation of simulations using Matlab/Simulink. The simulation results show that the hybrid controller reduces the chattering phenomenon and improves the system’s dynamic performance.
Reflexiones sobre los desafíos evolutivos del Derecho Administrativo Contemporáneo: ¿De dónde venimos y hacia dónde vamos?
Authors: Ortega Bernardo Julia
Published: August 2021

Si se reflexiona sobre las notas que caracterizan la evolución del Derecho administrativo español, es fácil constatar que en las últimas décadas del XX al tiempo que tuvo lugar su constitucionalización, se produjo su integración en el ordenamiento jurídico europeo. Como consecuencia de ambos procesos se ha ido configurando un nuevo modelo de las funciones que ha de desempeñar el Estado con respecto a la sociedad. Tomando esta constatación como punto de partida, se formula en este trabajo una síntesis explicativa de las ideas fuerza que en el momento presente caracterizan este campo del Derecho. Se pone así especial énfasis en su función de programación, y no sólo de justificación y control de la actividad administrativa, y en su proceso continuo de europeización, que, en última instancia, está claramente orientado a satisfacer el “derecho a una buena Administración”.