bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SMART-GIR: UNIFIED INFORMATION PLATFORM AND THE FUTURE WORKPLACE FOR GEOLOGY AND FIELD DEVELOPMENT SPECIALISTS OF ROSNEFTOIL COMPANY
Authors: Masluhin N.G. , Mironenko A.A. , Rahmatullina M.R. , Musabirov T.R. , Edel S.I. , Kostrigin I.V.
Published: December 2024

The article discusses the «Smart-GIR» project, initiated by PJSC Rosneft Oil Company, aimed at creating a unified information platform in the field of geology and field development.The article outlines the reasons behind the project's initiation and highlights the negative consequences of fragmented or «chaotic» automation, including data inconsistency; decision-making delays, risks associated with outdated information, and reduced employee motivation.As a solution, the authors propose a comprehensive approach that involves creating a unified information platform to enhance the efficiency of field development processes and improve digital transparency in decision-making. This approach is being successfully implemented by PJSC Rosneft Oil Company as part of the «Smart-GIR» project.Before delving into the project's details, the article reviews domestic and international practices in this domain. Examples of successful implementation of such unified information platforms can be found in companies like ExxonMobil, BP, Shell, Chevron, and PJSC Gazprom.The article describes the «Smart-GIR» project itself, its main goals, and key functionalities. Using the creation of an automated well drilling ranking as an example, it illustrates the value of a unified information space, identifies the challenges of fragmented automation, demonstrates the importance of managing source data (including the need to create consistent and up-to-date datasets), and underscores the necessity of building a comprehensive IT environment.This is particularly important, as the drilling ranking process is neither iso-lated nor self-sufficient. Hence, the developers of the «Smart-GIR» project implemented integration with other software elements of the process.The authors conclude that the creation of specialized modules and IT environments, the integration of systems, and data quality management significantly influence the efficiency of field development and hydrocarbon production. A unified information platform provides specialists of varying qualifications and locations with access to reliable and up-to-date information. This improves decision-making coherence, eliminates duplication of work, and enhances communication efficiency, enabling the achievement and even surpassing of production goals.
Reptile richness and topographic heterogeneity in the 'Uruq Bani Ma'arid Protected Area, southern Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al Mutairi Mohammed , Smith Michael , Alqahtani Abdulaziz R. , Mir Zaffar Rais , Ahmed Riyaz , Alsubaie Saad
Published: December 2024

An important goal of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia’s Green Initiative is to increase the percentage ofprotected areas. In terms of Saudi Arabian wildlife, reptiles have been identified as an important element for protection,although their status and distributions are not clearly understood. Herein we report the findings from a survey of reptilesconducted in the ’Uruq Bani Ma’arid Protected Area in southern Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using a robust-styledesign and analyzed with multi-species occupancy modelling. Eighteen species were detected, and species occupancyand species richness were positively associated with a topographic heterogeneity index calculated from satellite imagery.Notwithstanding the levels of uncertainty, occupancy by all species and species richness indicated a general proclivity forhigher levels of topographic heterogeneity. In the study area, these associations corresponded to a mixture of rocky andsandy habitats. This is a preliminary study, but the results warrant further investigation of the topographic heterogeneityindex in arid environments to establish any broader generalities. This will be useful, as a relationship between speciesdistribution and easily accessible satellite information can support the identification of possible sites for protection andwill be important for any ongoing management of reptiles within established protected areas.
STUDIES OF RADIATION-PROTECTIVE PROPERTIES OF MULTICOMPONENT COMPOSITE MATERIAL USING SOURCES OF 207BI, 137CS, AND 60CO
Authors:   Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov, PAVLENKO V.I. , ROMANYUK D.S. ,   Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov, KASHIBADZE V.V. ,   Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov, RUCHIY A.YU. ,   Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov, FOROVA E.V. ,   Belgorod State Technological University named after V.G. Shukhov
Published: December 2024

The paper considers the synthesis of a composite material based on polyethylene with additives of bismuth oxide Bi2O3 and boron carbide B4C. The radiation-protective properties of the samples are studied using gamma radiation sources Bi, Cs, and Co with the energies E (207Bi) = 0.570 MeV, E (137Cs) = 0.662 MeV, and E (60Co) = 1.252 MeV. The physical and mechanical characteristics of the samples are evaluated. The Vickers microhardness tests, as well as the bending tests, were carried out. A theoretical assessment of the contributions from the photoelectric effect, the Compton effect, and the effect of the formation of electron-positron pairs to the total attenuation coefficient is presented. For all compositions, the indicators of the linear attenuation coefficient, the half-attenuation layer, and the mass attenuation coefficient are determined theoretically and practically.
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE WELL DIAMETER AND LENGTH ON THE GAS OUTFLOW REGIMES DURING PRELIMINARY DEGASSING OF THE COAL SEAM
Authors:   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, EREMIN M.O. , BAKEEV R.A. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ZIMINA V.A. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, CHIRKOV A.O. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, PAZHIN A. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, STEFANOV YU.P. ,   Institute of Strength Physics and Materials Science of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: December 2024

Based on a coupled gas-geomechanical model of mathematical physics taking into account the filtration of fluid through an elastic deformable skeleton based on Darcy’s law, a numerical analysis of the influence of the diameter and length of a degassing well on the gas outflow regimes during preliminary degassing of a coal seam is performed. It is shown that an increase in the specific surface area and length of the well leads to an almost multiple increase in the mass flow rate of the fluid. It is also shown that when moving from the wellbore to the wellhead, a change in the filtration regime is observed from the flat-radial to the radial-spherical, respectively. The results have practical significance in the design of technology for preliminary degassing of coal seams.
ON THE RECONSTRUCTION OF A SOVIET HISTORIAN’S IDENTIFICATION CHARACTERISTICS (THE EXAMPLE OF LEV CHEREPNIN’S AND MIKHAIL TIKHOMIROV’S MEMOIRS)
Authors:   Southern Federal University, ISAEV D.P.
Published: December 2024

The article attempts to reconstruct the identification characteristics of Soviet historians. The author starts from the idea of science as a social phenomenon, within which a special communicative space is formed, which gives symbolic meaning to the professional self-affirmation processes. Within this approach, in historiographical research, the importance of the role of sources of personal origin is significantly increased. The content of these sources refers to the scientist’s life world, within which a certain identity model is formed. The author focuses on the memoirs of two Soviet academicians, Lev Cherepnin and Mikhail Tikhomirov. The analysis of narratives about the formation of the academicians allows constructing a certain model of professional identity. When using a comparative method focused on “contrast” comparison, structural information about the non-obvious meanings of the author’s narratives is revealed. Cherepnin’s memoirs reveal a complex and contradictory model of professional identification. On the one hand, Cherepnin’s story of familiarization with science, meetings with teachers, and the accumulation of his own professional experience focuses on the perception of professionalism, genealogically linked to the traditions of pre-revolutionary historical science. On the other hand, his special attention to how he mastered Marxist theory and methodology, his work experience in Soviet scientific and educational institutions speak about the specifics of the goal-setting of writing a text in which justifiable intentions are obvious. The key factors here were the protracted process of the historian’s academic maturation and the drama of the 1930 arrest. The changing scientific and ideological contexts gave the strategy of building the academician’s identity a somewhat ambivalent character. On the contrary, a more organic identification model is revealed in the text of Tikhomirov’s memoirs. Stories about years of studying, skills of working with “antiquity” and antiquities seem to fit into the traditional academic discourse of the creation of a national historian. However, the experience of “self-teaching” allowed Tikhomirov not to build a typical genealogy from professors: the description of communication with the latter is sometimes accompanied in memoirs by critical notes. In addition, the above fact, to some extent, correlates with the theme of the development of Marxism, allowing it to be given a narratively secondary place in the text. The image of a student also has a symbolic meaning in the text, where Tikhomirov himself, as a professor, with the help of an educational function, builds a promising line of the new Soviet scientific tradition with the younger generation. The author declares no conflicts of interests.
BUDDHISM IN KHAKASSIA: HISTORY AND MODERNITY
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Medical University, CHISTANOV M.N. , EREMIN L.V. ,   Historical and Ethnographic Museum-Sanctuary Shushenskoe, ASOCHAKOVA V.N. ,   Khakass State University
Published: December 2024

At present, Buddhism does not play a significant role in the spiritual life of the Republic of Khakassia. At the same time, the penetration of Buddhist creed and Buddhist culture into the territory of the modern Republic of Khakassia has its own history, including the ancient history. Nevertheless, there have been no specialized historical studies on this topic on the territory of the republic. Since the topic assumed a significant historical component, the present study applied a comparative historical method and a method of criticizing sources. The use of archaeological evidence required the inclusion of methods of descriptive and theoretical archaeology. The interpreted data were used to visualize a model of the ethnocultural identity of the region based on the concept of an iconic turn in culture. The empirical material characterizing the modern state of the Buddhist community of Khakassia was collected and processed by a complex of sociological methods. Scientists, civil servants, religious figures and leaders of ethnic communities of Khakassia were involved as experts. Historically, the interaction of Buddhism with the region can be divided into three stages. The first stage begins in the middle of the 9th century AD, after the Yenisei Kyrgyz captured Ordubalyk, the capital of the fourth Uyghur Khaganate. The next visual milestone in the history of Buddhism in Khakassia is the period of struggle between the Dzungar Khanate and the state of the Mongolian Altyn Khans (16th-117th centuries). After Khakassia’s accession to Russia and the beginning of the centralized spread of Orthodoxy among the Khakass population, the penetration of Buddhist creed into the Khakass-Minusinsk basin was suspended. A few artifacts of Buddhist origin dating back to the period of the 18th-20th centuries are random in nature. The beginning of the modern stage of development of Buddhism in Khakassia officially dates back to 2008, when the Abakan Buddhist Community of Zambala was registered under the auspices of the Traditional Buddhist Sangha of Russia. The modern Buddhist community of Khakassia is small and has no explicit ethnic content. For the most part, the circle of Buddhists and sympathizers consists of reflective representatives of creative professions. The number of adherents of Buddhism from among the carriers of traditional culture referring to Buddhism as an ancestral religion and reproducing the paternalistic paradigm is minimal. At the same time, given the sharp increase in the number of migrants from the Republic of Tuva, including from among ethnic Tuvans, the prospects for the development of the Buddhist community seem very promising. However, there are objective obstacles to establishing communication between the regional Buddhist community and the Tuvan diaspora, which creates certain conditions for the conflict of these communities. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.
FUNCTIONING OF THE NATIONAL LITERARY CANON IN READING COMMUNITIES OF THE SOCIAL NETWORK VKONTAKTE: METHODS AND APPROACHES TO RESEARCH USING BIG DATA ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGIES
Authors:   Tomsk State University, TUBALOVA I.V. , BAL V.YU. ,   Tomsk State University, OLITSKAYA D.A. ,   Tomsk State University
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of analysing the functioning of the national canon of 19th-century Russian classics in online reading communities of the social network VKontakte. A scenario of using Big Data collection and processing methods to study collective perceptions of the classics in the modern socio-cultural situation is proposed, which includes the development of selection principles, content assessment, and filtering of relevant components of reading communities as a communicative platform that implements social reading practices; analysis of groups of topics that determine the structure of the retrieved Big Data, their quantitative (frequency of references to authors/works) and qualitative (discourse analysis of statements in order to identify authors/works). The material of the study was a data set of 97,667 messages extracted by automated methods, forming the textual content of the “Discussions” rubric in 127 open reading communities included in the sample. The discourse analysis of the material processed and structured using the Poly.Analyst analytical platform revealed the thematic repertoire of discussions of 19th-century classics and their demand in different groups of topics, based on the frequency of mentioning authors/works. Groups whose purpose is to present the readers’ opinion about what books are “re-read” show the highest frequency (32% of the total number of messages). Groups that discuss what books “must be definitely read” rate second frequent (17%). The least frequency of mentioning authors/works is observed in groups discussing books “that users are reading now” (8% in the group with the biggest number of messages), that are “life-changing” (7%), and that were “interesting to read” (6%). The revealed share of mentioning authors/works of the 19th-century Russian literary canon in users’ posts in all groups of topics (9% in total) confirms the observation about the modest place of the 19th-century classics in modern readers’ preferences. Additionally, the quantitative analysis showed that community users perceive the canon as a holistic phenomenon. The analysis of the value-based justifications for turning to the classics, taking into account the given topic of discussion, revealed two types of reading that accompany the storage and retransmission of the canonical composition of the Russian classics - “leisure (hedonistic)” and “image”. The quantitative and qualitative results obtained as a result of the implementation of the proposed research scenario confirm the representativeness of the material and complement the data on the collective reader’s perception of the Russian literary canon of the 19th century obtained via other methods, in particular, social surveys and interviews. The authors declare no conflicts of interests.
Historical science of the Ural and the Great Patriotic War: Activities of evacuated academic and educational institutions of the central part of the USSR in 1941–1943
Authors:   Ural Federal University, Gilevich Nikita D. , Kulinsky Andrey A. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: December 2024

The modern society is increasingly interested in the Soviet period of national history. Despite the fundamental study of individual topics, there are still subjects in historiography that need additional research. One of the controversial issues of the war period is the activities of scientific and educational institutions of the central part of the USSR in
the conditions of evacuation. The aim of this article is to analyze the influence of evacuated scientific and educational
institutions on the Ural historical science in 1941–1943. The authors investigated the historiography and identified research approaches to understanding the evacuation process. Historiographers have only fragmentarily revealed the stories devoted to the scientific and pedagogical work of the arrived specialists and their interaction with the Ural historians. This article fills some gaps in the functioning of academic and educational institutions of the central part of the USSR in Sverdlovsk related to historical science. The first part of the study discusses the activities of the History Faculty of Moscow State University and the Chersonesos Historical and Archaeological Museum in Sverdlovsk. It is revealed that teachers of Moscow State University were temporary part-time workers at Sverdlovsk State University. The evacuated historians, who worked part-time at Sverdlovsk University's History Faculty, were concentrated on their duties at their main workplace, which adversely affected the level of lectures at Sverdlovsk University. The second part of the study considers activities of the Presidium of the USSR Academy of Sciences, which worked to organize academicians's activities in the conditions of war. Thus, in late August – early September 1941, a commission was established to mobilize the resources of the Urals. In addition to the Commission, a Group on the History of Technology was established at the Department of Technical Sciences. Professors and academicians of the group actively interacted with the Ural historians. Thus, the scientific and pedagogical activities of the evacuated professors at Sverdlovsk University did not affect the qualitative replenishment of personnel and the training of students. Nevertheless, the activities of academicians and professors who worked in Sverdlovsk Oblast contributed to the expansion and stimulation of Ural topics. The study of the history of the Urals in the following decades became the main scientific direction not only for Sverdlovsk historians, but also for a group of specialists of the USSR Academy of Sciences.
The initial stage of Tomsk Tatars formation: Ethnic substrates of the 17th century
Authors:   National Research Tomsk State University, Sherstova Lyudmila I.
Published: December 2024

Southern Siberia Turkic peoples' entry into the citizenship of Moscow since the end of the 16th century largely determined their further ethnopolitical development, which took place within the framework of Russian statehood and constant cultural communications both with related peoples and with various waves of Russian immigrants. Ethnic processes were not interrupted either. It resulted in the formation of modern Siberian peoples by the beginning of the 20th century. Despite the constantly changing military-political and socio-cultural situation, which led to the loss of the original ethnic territories, as it happened among the ethnic components of modern Tomsk Tatars – Teleuts (Kalmaks) and Chats, the new places, where sometimes the peoples were forced to move to, were perceived as the future "native land". The Tomsk Tatars of the 17th century differed significantly in their ethnic composition and cultural characteristics from the Tomsk Tatars of the early 20th century. By this time, this ethnonym had included Chats, part of Teleuts (Kalmaks), Bukharians (traders from Central Asia), part of Kazan Tatars, natives of the European part of Russia. However, largely due to the role played by their Prince Toyan in strengthening Russians on the southern borders in Siberia, the Tomsk Tatars – Eushtans – of the 17th century became the ethnic forming core for other Turkic-speaking components of the future Tomsk Tatars of the early 20th century – migrants from the Upper Ob region – Chats and Teleuts, merchants from the Middle Asia – Bukharians, Orthodox Kazan Tatars. Russian authorities understood the aspirations of the local elite very well; therefore, the feature of their interaction with the Eushta, Teleuts, and Chats was an agreement acceptable for both sides, according to which, after affiliation to Moscow, the fur tribute was replaced by military service. It did not contradict the Central Asian military tradition of the Turkic peoples, helped them maintain a sense of a high social status.
The doppelganger aspect in the novel Chagin by Eugene Vodolazkin
Authors:   Chelyabinsk State University, Belousova Elena G.
Published: December 2024

Based on the novel Chagin (2022) by Eugene Vodolazkin, the article studies the doppelganger problem. It dwells on the doppelganger phenomenon as a cultural archetype – a universal pattern that shows conceptions of a human being and his place in the world which are relevant for a specific time period. The work aims to define peculiar features of doppelganger imagery in the novel by Vodolazkin, a key author of the modern Russian literature. The study applies the methods of structural, comparative and archetype analysis. The research reveals that the doppelganger aspect determines the ideas and literary originality of the novel, being present on different levels of its structure. The four-part contexture structures the novel as a system of mirrors reflecting the main character's personality from different perspectives and aesthetically creating his literary image. On the chronotope level the doppelganger feature actualizes the author's world model, the specifics of which is explicit compared to Nabokov's one. Literary space in Vodolazkin's
and Nabokov's fiction represents the contrast and unity of real and imaginary worlds, they elaborate and deepen each other. Yet there is a difference – the conception of continuous and universal time ascended to the Medieval worldview: according to Vodolazkin human life involves the past, present and future, the latter being perceived as fiction due to its
closed nature. In such a way, overcoming the limited natural life, a human being realizes his striving for eternal life.
The system of characters in the novel represents a complex system of doppelgangers: real and intertextual ones, twins and carnival pairs, and antagonists in most cases. Correlating with the author's model of literary time and space, they make the problems more profound, outlining the philosophical, ethical and axiological perspectives of the novel. The relation of doppelgangers with the main character and among themselves is actualized considering their time correlation (past, present and future) and space correlation (imaginary, real). This point reveals a number of conceptual and axiological oppositions which are essential for the author's conceptualization of time, memory, creativity and betrayal in the novel: reality/imagination, memory/oblivion, madness/norm, kindness/evil… Chagin is always in the middle of the mentioned poles, as a result numerous pairs of doppelgangers and antagonists evolve into triads. It allows the writer to defuse the irrepressible conflict and plan a way out of it. The research concludes that Vodolazkin is consciously guided by universal models proven by the centuries-long literary tradition but interprets them on his own. The very relation of different reflections of a human "ego" encourages a person's self-identification. Connecting characters and events of different time layers, the author declares the genuine "ego" and the genuine biography of his character.
The weekly Sovremennaya Letopis' in the ideological "Katkov's department"
Authors:   Moscow Polytechnic University, Perevalova Elena V.
Published: December 2024

The article examines the weekly Sovremennaya Letopis', published in 1861–1871 by the influential conservative journalist Mikhail Katkov, first as an appendix to the magazine Russkiy Vestnik, and then as Sunday supplements to the newspaper Moskovskie Vedomosti. The problem of the research is that, unlike Russkiy Vestnik and Moskovskie Vedomosti, which have repeatedly become the subject of scientific research, Sovremennaya Letopis' still remains almost unexplored. This article attempts a comprehensive analysis of the weekly, examines its socio-political and aesthetic
position, and characterizes Katkov's place among other publications. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the introduction into scientific discourse of new, little-studied material, in particular, publications of Sovremennaya Letopis' in the period from 1861 to 1871 and previously unpublished letters by M.N. Katkov, B.M. Markevich, F.I.Buslaev. The analysis of the weekly's publications allowed concluding that it maintained close ideological and thematic unity with Russkiy Vestnik and Moskovskie Vedomosti, and represented together with them a single information complex, broadcasting the system of the publisher's conservative views. Priority was given to the same topics as in Moskovskie Vedomosti and Russkiy Vestnik: much attention was paid to the national question; peasants; zemstvo; judicial, educational and other reforms; criticism of nihilistic and socialist teachings. Traditionally, many publications were on international issues and events in European politics. The commonality of the conservative positions of the weekly, the newspaper and the magazine was largely ensured by the team of regular authors, many of whom collaborated simultaneously in all three Katkov's editions. In the publications of G. de Molinari, V.P. Bezobrazov, V.K. Rzhevsky, F.I. Buslaev, P.K. Shchebalsky, and others, the idea of the need for gradual and moderate transformations within the framework of preserving the sole power of the monarch and strict legality in order to ensure class peace and civil stability was defended. In the speeches of M.N. Longinov, G.A. Laroche, N.A. Ramazanov, and others, the concept of socially oriented art by N.G. Chernyshevsky was severely criticized, and the traditional understanding of art as a free phenomenon was defended, the main task of which is to form the aesthetic culture of the audience. However, Sovremennaya Letopis' was never able to acquire its own "face" among other Katkov's editions and performed only auxiliary functions in relation to them. There were no guiding articles and weekly analytical reviews, and there was no clear issue structure. The editorial staff often used the weekly only as an "additional volume", publishing materials in it that had no place in the daily newspaper. The publication was noticeably inferior in popularity to Moskovskie Vedomosti, which was the reason for its termination in 1872.
Neighborhood rights as a way to ensure a balance of interests of owners of neighboring real estate
Authors:   Siberian Federal University, Kuzmina Irina D.
Published: December 2024

Ensuring a balance of rights and legitimate interests is often indicated, primarily in the acts of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, and the goals of legal regulation common to all types of civil relations. These goals are of particular importance in neighborly relations, which are usually understood as the relations of persons who own neighboring real estate objects. Formed in the prerevolutionary legal order, which has lost its significance in Soviet law, neighborhood law as a legal means of coordinating the private interests of neighboring owners has proved to be in demand in modern Russian realities and has become one of the projected areas of property law reform. In the draft Federal Law No. 47538-6/5 "On Amendments to Part One of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation", neighborhood law, based on the pre-revolutionary tradition, is presented as a restriction (constraint) of property rights in favor of neighbors. The content of these restrictions is, firstly, the obligation of the owner to under- go an impact emanating from a neighboring land plot, "if it does not affect the use of his land plot or has such an impact on its use that does not exceed the established standards, and in their absence - reasonable limits based on the nature and location of the land plots or from custom." Secondly, the owner of the land plot himself is obliged to refrain from carrying out an "unacceptable impact" on the neighbor's land plot, including when building his land plot and exploiting the results of construction. Despite the fact that only two articles (Article 293 and Article 294 of the bill) are devoted to neighborhood rights in the draft law, its implementation in this part will make up for the private legal regulation of neighborhood relations that is missing in our legal order, will have an unconditional positive impact on law enforcement practice. The latter, in the absence of guidelines in the law, has formed stable legal positions that are widely used in resolving numerous neighborhood disputes. They are based on the principle of ensuring a balance of rights and legitimate interests in neighborly relations, which is not legally designated as a general provision, but is actually used by the courts. The "balance of interests" of the owners of neighboring real estate is a guideline in determining the composition of the violation necessary for the use of civil remedies, as well as in determining the consequences of this violation applied by the court. Therefore, the legalization of the principle of ensuring a balance of rights and legitimate interests seems to be the appropriate level of solving the problems existing in the sphere of legal support of neighborhood relations.
State response to criminal self-destruction in Russia: historical and legal research
Authors:   Research Institute of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia, Smirnov Alexander M. ,   International Law Institute
Published: December 2024

Based on the analysis of historical sources of law and literature on the ethno-cultural development of Russian society, the article presents a historical and legal study of the state's response to criminal lynching in Russia. It is noted that the lynching of the inflictor of harm, carried out in socially dangerous ways, has deep historical "roots" in Russia. The nature of the public response to these lynchings directly depended on the degree of formation of the state and its power institutions. At the ini- tial stage of the formation of the Russian state, lynching reprisals against offenders were not perceived as something harmful and requiring a ban at the official level. In this connection, they were not persecuted by the authorities under the threat of punishment. The most striking manifestations of criminal lynching in the history of Russia were peasant (communal) lynching, duels and murders based on "blood" revenge. That is why in the history of the Russian state there are enough facts that justify and heroize lynch reprisals, setting them up as an example to follow. An example of this is the lynching committed by Princess Olga (X century) and V.I. Zasulich (1878). In the process of strengthening the power of the Russian state and strengthening its institutions, in particular forcible purpose, the development of law as a public regulator of the existing social relations, the state power has completely arrogated to itself the "right to violence" and the implementation of law enforcement. In this regard, the state began to take targeted measures to limit the lynching activity of its citizens, up to the establishment of the most severe (criminal) responsibility for it. Despite the efforts undertaken by the authorities over the entire historical period of the development of Russian statehood, it was impossible to completely eradicate these lynchings. This was significantly influenced by such factors as: the territory of the state; the development of law and the nature of the state's response to lynching by legal (criminal) means; peculiarities of administration of justice; social “upheavals” of a nationwide scale (revolutions, changes in political regimes), activating anarchist sentiments in society; a Russian ethno-cultural paradigm that presupposes a strong position of customary law and a distrustful attitude towards public law and justice. In this regard, criminal lynching of the tortfeasor is resorted to at the present time, which is a serious socio-criminological problem for modern Russia, which requires its solution, primarily by legal means and improvement of law enforcement practice aimed at eradicating the desire of Russian citizens to independently deal with the inflictor of harm in the field of criminal law relations.
System of extraordinary administrative-legal regimes: problems of theory, legislation and practice
Authors:   Moscow State Law University named after O.E. Kutafin, Starostin Sergey A.
Published: December 2024

The concepts of "administrative-legal regime", "extraordinary administrative-legal regime", their essence and content in modern legal science, practice of legal regulation and application cause currently a lot of discussions. But the events of recent years have not only shown the need for further theoretical studies of these categories, but also clearly revealed applied problems. The main of them is the substitution of concepts (inherent, incidentally, in many areas of administrative law) when making decisions, which makes them ineffective and often erroneous. Regimes are introduced that have nothing to do with the prevailing circumstances. It has become ob- vious to many that the emergency legislation does not meet the requirements of coherence and integrity, there is no systemic nature to it. The content of the regime is seen both in the activities carried out by the bearer of the regime and organised accordingly, and in the way they are organised. All three elements clearly demonstrate the possibility to attribute a set of norms regulating the grounds, procedure for introduction of emergency administrative-legal regime, applied temporary measures and restrictions to public-law sciences. "Extraordinary administrative-legal regime" is an integral part of the process of emergency management of the territory concerned, as special, emergency means of establishing and maintaining law and order, temporary measures and restrictions of an emergency nature are applied in the establishment of the management system. These measures are very rarely used in conditions of uncertainty, when an emergency situation has not yet arisen, but there is an escalation of conflict, and are never used to resolve relations in everyday, normal conditions. As a result of the study, the author came to the following conclusions: firstly, the extraordinary administrative-legal regime is established exclusively by federal law. The considered feature emphasises its special importance, as it provides flexibility and mobility of its provision; secondly, the most formalised and simplified procedure for the introduction, amendment and cancellation of emergency administrative-legal regimes: when an emergency situation occurs, there is no time to think, it is necessary to act, and quickly; thirdly, a limited range of objectives. The essence of management, regulation of social relations is in their ordering to achieve any goal, and goal setting is a necessary stage of the management process; fourthly, the creation of special structures of territorial management. They can act either together with territorial bodies or completely replace them; fifth, a special order and set of legal means used, the specific feature of which is rigidity, a high degree of clarity of managerial impact. For such regimes, this feature is manifested in the predominance of prohibitions and positive obligations in the legal regulation.
Characteristics of the contract on full individual liability in the context of the concept of transactions in labor law (based on the materials of judicial practice)
Authors:   Crimean Branch of the Russian State University of Justice, Agashev Dmitry V. , Agasheva Irina P. ,   Crimean Branch of the Russian State University of Justice
Published: December 2024

Consideration of the specifics of concluding an agreement on full individual financial responsibility in the paradigm of the concept of transactions is a relatively new method of studying this problem. It is advisable to use this approach primarily for applied purposes, which makes it possible to study in more detail possible violations both in the structure of the contract under consideration and in relation to its functionality. The aim of the work is to improve the standards of law enforcement activities based on the adaptation in labor law of some constructions of the civil theory of transactions in the field of full contractual individual liability by virtue of the contract. The objectives of the study involve a systematic interpretation of the substantive norms of labor law using elements of transaction theory, analysis of current judicial practice and formulation of proposals that contribute to effective law enforcement when considering relevant cases. The research is based on open sources of information, including statistical data, special literature, normative legal acts and judicial practice, using general scientific (theoretical and empirical level: dialectical, logical, system-structural, observation, description) and special legal methods (comparative legal, formal legal, legal modeling) research. The paper describes the proper subject composition, the requirements for compliance with the will and will of the parties, the content and form of the contract on full liability, as well as the consequences of violation of the rules established by law in relation to each of these elements. The motives of the parties and the purpose (basis) of the contract on full individual liability are analyzed as necessary elements of the subjective side of this transaction. The factors of the functionality of the contract on full liability are interpreted in the light of the categories and procedures arising from the current labor legislation. The need to improve certain provisions of labor legislation and ensure the consistency of law enforcement in the field of full financial responsibility of the employee on the basis of a special individual contract is substantiated. It is stated that when considering labor disputes arising from full individual liability, the courts mainly come to the actual conclusion that it is impossible to recognize the specified contract as a proper legal fact if there are defects in the subject composition, content or form.
Real legal relations with a "foreign element": legislative regulation and legal positions of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation
Authors:   Tomsk State University, Barishpolskaya Tatyana Yu.
Published: December 2024

The subject of consideration in this article are the legislative provisions and legal positions of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation in the field of legal regulation of property relations with a "foreign element". The first stage of the study is the analysis of the conflict of laws rules contained in the Civil Code and determining the choice of applicable law to property relations with a "foreign element". The author proceeds from the fundamental thesis about the predestination in the end of the regulation of international property relations by the pecu- liarities of the substantive regulation of such relations. In this regard, it is argued that the conflict-of-laws regulation of international property relations in Russian law cannot be considered optimal, since there is precisely insufficient consideration of the specifics of substantive legal regulation. The article analyzes the content of the norms of Articles 1205 - 1207 of the Civil Code. The problems associated with the application of these norms are caused by the definition of the "real statute" and those issues that are included in the scope of the real statute. As a result of the analysis, proposals are formulated to improve the legal regulation of property relations with a "foreign element" in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Further, the guiding explanations of the Plenum of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation on relevant issues are analyzed. The legal positions of the Supreme Court affect several aspects of conflict of laws regulation. In this regard, the article pays attention to the problem of choosing the law to be applied to non-documentary securities. The extension of the proprietary statute to non-documentary securities is questioned. At the same time, a legislative norm is proposed that allows for the election of a competent law and order in this case. The legal position regarding the election of the right to a collateral legal relationship with a "foreign element" is also analyzed. As a result, it is concluded that in the relevant explanations on the application of conflict of laws rules, there is insufficient consideration of the specifics of substantive legal regulation and some underestimation of the systematic approach in the interpretation of legal norms. The implementation of the proposals made would contribute to greater efficiency and harmonization of conflict-of-laws regulation of international property relations, since these proposals embody the idea of conditionality of conflict-of-laws rules by the nature of civil material legal relations and the peculiarities of civil law regulation.
Сентимент корпоративных эмитентов в объяснении различий в доходностях акций на российском рынке
Authors: Коротких Вячеслав Владимирович , Филатова Валерия Владимировна , Щепина Ирина Наумовна
Published: December 2024

Предмет. Развитие поведенческого подхода в анализе решений экономических субъектов сформировало мощный импульс исследовательского интереса к сентименту фондового рынка. Сентимент представляет собой субъективное мнение участников рынка относительно будущего движения цены финансового актива или фондового рынка в целом в будущем.Цель. Исследование влияния сентимента корпоративных эмитентов на различия в избыточных доходностях акций.Методология. Сентимент корпоративных эмитентов исследовался по тональностям текстовой информации, раскрываемой эмитентами в годовых отчетах. Идентификации тональностей осуществлялась с помощью машинного обучения на основе искусственной нейронной сети. Выборочная совокупность охватывает период с 2012 по 2022 гг. и включает (1) полные тексты годовых отчетов публичных акционерных обществ, обыкновенные акции которых обращаются на Московской бирже, (2) данные о результатах биржевых торгов этими акциями, а также (3) значения бескупонной доходности по краткосрочным облигациям Федерального займа.Результаты. Получены свидетельства, что сентимент корпоративных эмитентов, идентифицируемый на основе чистых и смешанных тональностей текстовой информации в годовых отчетах, нацелен на формирование ожиданий инвесторов и в большей степени объясняет динамику акций, наблюдаемую в период после публикации годовых отчетов, а не в отчетный период. Исследование корпоративного сентимента на российском рынке проводилось впервые.Выводы. Сентимент корпоративных эмитентов предоставляет дополнительную информацию, объясняющую различия в доходностях акций на российском рынке, и может использоваться для формирования портфеля, имитирующего фактор систематического риска в моделях рыночного ценообразования.
Проблемы управления городскими ландшафтами (на примере города Ширвана)
Authors: Аманова Шахназ Салимовна
Published: December 2024

Цель – анализ динамики городских ландшафтов и их экологического состояния с использованием методов дистанционного зондирования и спутниковых изображений (на примере города Ширвана). Материалы и методы. Проведена обработка спутниковых изображений для анализа управления городскими ландшафтами (спутниковые снимки 2010 и 2022 годов). Ииспользованы нормализованные разностные индексы растительности, индексы NDV, NDW и MNDW для изучения зеленых зон. Для анализа использовались изображения Landsat 5, 8 и 9. Результаты и обсуждение. Управление городским ландшафтом представлено как общая концепция, объединяющая знания об управлении городским ландшафтом из таких областей, как городское лесное хозяйство, управление парками и ландшафтное планирование. Управление городским ландшафтом можно рассматривать как сложный процесс, включающий ряд различных элементов и отношений, которые взаимодействуют друг с другом. Этот обзор развивает будущие исследования в области управления городским ландшафтом и его роли в устойчивом развитии городов. Выводы. Развитие города привело к сокращению площади озеленения и расширению площадей застройки. Урбанизация повлияла на микроклимат местности, в результате чего произошло ее высыхание, а площадь водоемов сократилась, понизился уровень воды.
Functional borates and their high-pressure polymorphic modifications. Review
Authors: Bekker Tatyana B. , Sagatov Nursultan E. , Davydov Aleksey V.
Published: December 2024

The article presents the results of many years of studies of the growth of a low-temperature modification of barium borate b-BaB2O4 (R3с) crystals in the Na, Ba, B // O, F quaternary reciprocal system. Barium borate b-BaB2O4 is the most important nonlinear optical crystal of the UV spectrum. The key factor determining the quality of crystals is the choice of an optimal solvent. The article presents phase diagrams and the results of the growth of b-BaB2O4 crystals in several subsystems of the studied quaternary reciprocal system. Using atomistic modeling, we predicted and then experimentally obtained new high-pressure modifications: g-BaB2O4 (P21/n), whose structure includes edge-sharing tetrahedra, and d-BaB2O4 with assumed symmetry Pa3. In our study, we also focused on a solid solution with an “antizeolite” structure, which also crystallizes in the Na, Ba, B // O, F system.