bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spectral Variability in Fixed Windows using Fractional Fourier Transform: Application in Power Spectral Density Estimation
Authors:   Jaypee University of Engineering and Technology, Guna (M.P.), India., Pachauri Dr. Rahul
Published: August 2023

In statistical signal processing, power spectral density estimation is a frequency domain analysis in which power contents of a signal are measured with respect to frequency components of that signal. The power estimation of a signal can be carried out more precisely by using a window with a narrower 3-dB bandwidth and higher side-lobe attenuation. Theoretically, these two spectral parameters show trade-off in variable windows and remain constant in fixed windows. In this work, spectral behavior of fixed windows has been elaborated using Fractional Fourier Transform (FRFT) keeping their inherent time domain behavior intact. The FRFT is an extension of conventional Fourier transform with an additional variable parameter, known as rotation angle, which makes it more flexible and useful in various signal processing applications viz. power estimation and designing of tunable transition band FIR filters. In this article, variability in 3-dB bandwidth and sidelobe attenuation of fixed windows has been achieved by exploiting the available flexibility in FRFT and obtained variability has been applied in the estimation of signal power. Simulation results demonstrate that both of these two spectral parameters are improved and hence, trade-off problem between resolution and spectral leakage in the power spectral density estimation is overcome upto an extent.
Lessons from COVID-19 - Building a more resilient response for the next pandemic - Health System and Drug Development perspectives
Authors: Kukreja Preet , Saxena Kinshuk , Santra Snigdha
Published: August 2023

This paper evaluates the challenges faced by the healthcare systems and the drug-development industry in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic. We explore the role of key stakeholders and different healthcare models that can help ensure a robust pandemic response. In drug-development, we scrutinize the challenges linked with COVID-19 antivirals, vaccines, and antibodies and explore the potential of repurposing existing therapeutics through the use of advanced technologies while predicting clinical trial outcomes. We consider the intricacies of manufacturing, regulatory, and funding factors in vaccine preparedness. We conclude by exploring the future of pandemic preparedness, highlighting rapid innovation, and the potential for accelerated drug discovery as powerful tools in addressing the next pandemic.
Denouncing Medical Practices that Imperil Unaccompanied Youth
Authors: Heidbrink Lauren , Diaz Sarah
Published: August 2023

Unaccompanied children detained in the US are subject to questionable medical practices to verify their age. Utilizing molar dental radiographs and wrist x-rays to determine their age is scientifically and ethically problematic. Age redetermination is deeply consequential for unaccompanied children, as it may result in transfer to adult detention; ineligibility for child-specific legal relief; removal of custodial protections; and imminent deportation. The medical and public health communities have an opportunity to end the perversion of medical evidence in children’s immigration cases by uniformly denouncing this practice.
GENOME-WIDE BIOINFORMATICS ANALYSIS OF 1-AMINOCYCLOPROPANE-1-CARBOXYLATE SYNTHASE (ACS), 1-AMINOCYCLOPROPANE-1-CARBOXYLATE OXIDASE (ACO) AND ETHYLENE OVERPRODUCER 1 (ETO1) GENE FAMILY OF FRAGARIA VESCA (WOODLAND STRAWBERRY)
Authors: FATIMA S , CHEEMA KUHT , SHAFIQ M , MANZOOR MT , ALI Q , HAIDER MS , SHAHID MA
Published: August 2023

This study was made on three genes ACS, ACO, and ETO, which are involved in ethylene biosynthesis pathway in Fragaria vesa plant, to know about evolution, conserved motifs and domains, gene expressions, and phylogeny of these genes. After carefully screening using Phytozome plant gene database, NCBI gene database, Motif finder, and MegaX phylogenetic tree 10 gene sequences of ACS, 5 gene sequences of ACO and 3 gene sequences of ETO were identified. Four ETO gene sequences of Arabidopsis thaliana were also used to authenticate this research because only 3 ETO gene sequences of Fragaria vesca analyses cannot be done.  MegaX evolutionary analysis, TB tools domain analysis, Meme motif analysis, Cis-regulatory analysis, Wolf analysis were made on these sequences to acquire detailed knowledge. The presence of light, anaerobic induction, abscisic acid, MeJA, gibberellin, low temperature, drought, cell cycle, and endosperm expression responsive elements were identified in FeACS, FeACO, and FeETO genes by cis-regulatory analysis. This study will help for further practical experimentation on ethylene regulators. The bioinformatics-based genome-wide assessment of the family of Fragaria vesca attempted in the present study could be a significant step for further practical investigation on ethylene regulators based on genome-wide expression profiling.
Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Four Enteric Protozoa in Dromedary Camels (Camelus Dromedarius)
Authors: Salama Akram , Noaman Eman , Nayel Mohamed , Kattan Adel , Mahmoud Mona , Dawood Ali , Hamid Ibrahim , Elsify Ahmed , Zaghawa Ahmed , Arbaga Ali , Mousa Walid
Published: August 2023

Enteric protozoa are major causes of economic losses in dromedary camels due to clinical and subclinical diseases. The study investigated the prevalence of enteric protozoal parasites in dromedary camels using parasitological and molecular techniques. Besides, the molecular characterization of selected enteric protozoa was performed by nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. One hundred and twenty-one fecal samples were collected from dis-eased (49) and apparently healthy (72) dromedary camels during December 2020 - November 2021. Overall, 57.02% of the fecal samples were positive for enteric protozoa with the B. coli, Eimeria spp., Giardia spp., Cryptosporidium spp. were detected in 32.23%, 8.26%, 2.48%,3.30% fecal samples, respectively, while 10.74% samples had mixed infection. While the PCR technique revealed the overall prevalence of 69.56%, 13.04% and 10.14% for the B. coli, Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp., respectively in the study areas. Phylogenetic analysis based on the partial nucleotide sequences of the small subunit ribosomal RNA, B beta giardin (bg) and Cryptosporidium parvum precursor of oocyst wall protein (COWP) genes of B. coli, Giardia spp. and Cryptosporidium spp., respectively revealed that the enteric proto-zoa from camels had high genetic similarities with strains detected from other animals and humans in Egypt and different parts of the world. This study suggests that the camels may act a potential source of infection of the studied enteric protozoa for other livestock and humans.
Prevalence of Foot and Mouth disease outbreaks in Egypt and other African countries
Authors: Byomi Ahmed , Zidan Sherif , Sakr Emad , Eissa Nourhan , Elsobky Yumna
Published: August 2023

Foot and mouth disease is endemic in nearly all countries of Africa. The highest prevalence of FMD was detected in Mauritius and Comoros while the lowest prevalence was reported in Mozambique, Namibia, Angola, Malawi, South Africa, Mauritania, Botswana, and Uganda. Serotype A was circulated in 11 African countries. The results showed that serotype A was more prevalent in the northern and eastern parts of Africa than in the southern and western parts. The highest prevalence of serotype A was found in Algeria, Egypt, and Tunisia, while the lowest prevalence was observed in Uganda. Co-circulation of serotype A with other serotypes has been observed in some countries, such as Egypt, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Sudan, Zambia, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, and Kenya. This is likely due to the illegal movement of livestock between these countries. Serotype O was the most predominant serotype in Africa. The results found that serotype O was more prevalent in the northern, eastern, and western parts of Africa than in the southern part. The highest prevalence of serotype O was recorded in Mauritius and Comoros, while the lowest prevalence was found in Eritrea, Egypt, Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan, and Zambia. Unlike Serotype A and O, SAT1 was distributed in 6 African countries. The results revealed that serotype SAT1 was more prevalent in the eastern and southern parts of Africa than in the western and northern parts. The highest prevalence of serotype SAT1 was reported in Zimbabwe, while the lowest prevalence was in Botswana and South Africa. the study also found that the circulating serotype SAT1 was the same genetically in Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Kenya, and South Africa. This suggests that the virus is being transmitted between these countries, either through the illegal movement of livestock or through the movement of wild animals. Serotype SAT2 was widely distributed across African countries. The highest probability of infection of serotype SAT2 was found in Egypt, while the lowest probability of infection was observed in Mozambique, Angola, Namibia, Malawi, Zambia, Mauritania, Botswana, and South Africa. SAT3 serotype being the lowest circulating serotype of FMDV in Africa, it was distributed only in 3 African countries. The results stated that serotype SAT3 was only found in three African countries: Namibia, South Africa, and Zimbabwe. Based on the raster risk map, northern, eastern, and southern African countries were determined to have the highest predicted risk of FMD spatial occurrence during the study period.
Prevalence, Antibiogram Pattern and Molecular Identification of pathogenic E. coli recovered from Different Sources
Authors: Abdeen Eman
Published: August 2023

Pathogenic Escherichia coli is one of the most main food borne pathogen causing serious problem particular for human through food of animal origin such as meat and dairy products. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, antibiogram pattern and molecular identification of some putative virulence genes of pathogenic E.coli recovered from human and food sources. A total of 200 samples from minced meat, (50) Karish cheese, (50) human stool sample (50) and human urine samples (50) were collected for bacteriological identification before being subjected to serological and molecular analysis. The results revealed that 123 (61.5%) were positive for E. coli species on MacConkey ager while only 35 isolates were give green metallic sheen colonies on EMB. Of these 35 isolates, 16 isolates (45.7%) were identified as pathogenic E.coli through biofilm activity on congo red medium (back color colonies). The serological identification of 16 these E.coli strains revealed that EHEC was the most prevalent serotype and found in 8 (50%) followed by EPEC and ETEC 4(25%) for each serotype. All isolates showed high sensitivity test and found that amikacin, nitrofurantoin, gentamicin, amoxicillin /clavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin, and Ceftriaxone exhibit highly sensitivity with 100, 100, 87.5, 75, 62.5, and 62.5% respectively while resistance was recorded for penicillin, tetracycline, Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole and colistin with 75, 75, 50% and 50% respectively. The PCR assay was applied to identify fimA, eaeA, and sxt1virulence genes by using specific primers sets. The results reported that out of screening 10 stains , fimA gene was found in all examined strains (100%), while the eaeA gene was detected in 5 (50%) with no detection of sxt1 gene. In conclusion, the obtained results provide an important data about the relation between human disease and consumption of meat and milk products and understand the epidemiology and disease occurrence.
Unveiling the Hidden Dangers: Investigating Intestinal Parasites and Enteric Bacteria in Ogbomoso’s Most Consumed Fruits and Vegetables
Authors: Bolaji Oloyede , Adeyeba Oluwaseyi , Ridwan Quadri , Adekunle Olutoyin , Ajayi Akindele , Adeyemo Abolaji , Adekanle Margaret , Adebayo Teslim , Ajayi Adeola , Akindele Akinwumi , Akinleye Callistus
Published: August 2023

This study assessed the microbiological evaluation of environmental contamination of mostly consumed fruits and vegetables by intestinal parasites and enteric bacteria in three major markets (Waaso, Aarada and Akande) Ogbomoso, Oyo State Nigeria. A total of 5 fruits and 5 vegetables commonly consumed by dwellers of these communities were randomly purchased from the three markets. They were washed, and examined for microbial and parasitic organisms. Of the 150 samples of fruits and vegetables that were collected, processed and examined, 83 (55.3%) of them were contaminated with intestinal parasites, results was generated by determining the frequency distribution in which values was obtained by the Mean±SD and the significance of differences was also obtained using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. The intestinal parasites observed included: Ascaris lumbricoides, Balantidium coli, Entamoeba coli, Entamoeba histolytica, Strongyloides stercoralis, Taenia saginata, Trichuris trichuira and Ancyclostoma duodenale. The predominant bacteria isolated from both fruits and vegetables included: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus species, Klebsiella oxytoca, Staphylococcus saprophyticus and Klebsiella species. The parasites recovered from fruits and vegetables sold in Waaso market were more than those recovered from Aarada and Akande market which are 34(41.0%), 27(32.5%) and 22(26.5%) parasites respectively. Results show that 83(55.3%) out of the 150 fruits and vegetable samples in total examined had intestinal parasites. The prevalence of intestinal parasites in these fruits and vegetables was found to be 4.0% in Banana, 8.7% in Cabbage, 2.7% in Carrot, 3.3% in Cucumber, 6.7% in Jute mallow, 4.0% in Orange, 6.0% in Pineapple, 5.3% in Spinach, 8.6% in Tomato and 6.0% in Water melon. Findings from this study revealed that raw fruits and vegetables could be potential sources of microbial and parasitic infections, it is therefore essential to educate the populace on the need to inculcate the habit of thorough washing of these products with clean water before consumption to avoid potential health risk.
Effect of Mycotoxins or Hard Water on Newcastle, Gumboro, and Infectious Bronchitis Post Vaccinal Immune Responses and Performance of Broilers
Authors: Alazzouny Ramy , Badawy Elsayed , Badawy Mohga , Ismail Tamer
Published: August 2023

Viral outbreaks are the leading causes of economic losses in the poultry industries worldwide. Intensive vaccination programs and excellent management are crucial for successful protection. Certainly, the most vital management factors are feed and water quality. This study evaluated the effect of mycotoxins fed or hard water on IBD, ND, and IB vaccines response and performance in broilers. A total of 400 Cobb chicks were randomly divided into 4 groups; not vaccinated negative control (G1), vaccinated positive control (G2), vaccinated mycotoxins fed (G3) and vaccinated hard water (G4). Blood samples were collected at 4, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days of age. Profolk Plus IBD ELISA Kit, Biocheck IB ELISA Kit and Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test were used for titers estimation. The feed intake, body weight and the feed conversion ratio were calculated. For the effect of mycotoxins, the G3 showed significantly lower mean titers than G2 from the 35th day for all tested vaccines. For the effect of hard water on IBD vaccine response, the G4 had significantly lower mean titers than G2 on the 42nd day. For IB vaccine response, from the 28th day G4 had significantly lower mean titers than G2. Regarding feed intake and body weight, the G2 was significantly better than G3 and G4. In conclusion, mycotoxins had adverse effects on the humoral immune response for IBD, ND, and IB titers. The adverse effect of hard water on IB vaccines response was significant from the 28th day.
LONG TERM FUNCTIONAL GRAFT SURVIVAL RESULTS OF THE 3RD STAGE SINGLE CENTRE LIVING AND CADAVERIC DONOR TRANSPLANTS.
Authors: cengiz ayse , SAHIN IDRIS , SARI merve , RUSTEM TEMAN , E AY
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Aim: Kidney transplantation is the most optimal end stage renal disease (ESRD) treatment. It is more advantageous treatment regard to both its effect on the patient’s life quality or mortality. The number of patients who underwent or followed after renal transplant is constantly increasing while their survival becomes a topic more frequently. Different centers therefore report different survival rates in the post-transplantation process. In this study, the transplantation progress and the functional graft survival rates of the patients who have received renal transplants and are followed in our center and the factors which influence the survival rates are explored.
Materials and methods: The patients over 18 years old who applied to Inonu University Turgut Ozal Medical Center Nephrology Department Policlinics who received transplants retrospectively analyzed.
Results: While the median for the functional graft period of the patients were 84.8 months, the longest was found to be 324 months. The grafts of our 77% patients are functional, while 3.7% are exitus with functional graft due to various reasons. 5.3% of the patients received HD again, 3% started PD and 1.3% underwent retransplantation
Conclusions: While the number of transplants are increasing day by day in Turkey, studies on the long term functional graft survival results and the patients’ pre- and post-transplant characteristics are limited and there is not much literature data related to Turkey. We aimed to contribute to the literature with our data. Also, the duration of ESRD increases, the lower is the functional graft time significantly. The preferred ESRD treatment should, therefore, be renal transplantation. Renal transplants could be preferred in suitable patients or donors of advanced age, and transplant age spectrum could be extended.
Compatibility of peripapillary choroidal thickness measurement between 4-point manual measurement and measurement by manual re-segmentation in eyes with and without glaucoma
Authors: Un Yasemin , Dikmen Nejla
Published: August 2023

Aim: To evaluate the compatibility of peripapillary choroidal thickness (PPCT) using 4-point manual measurement and measurement by manual re-segmentation in glaucomatous and nonglaucomatous eyes.
Materials and Methods: A total of 270 eyes of 135 consecutive patients were included in the study. Of these, 79 eyes had glaucoma. OCT images of peripapillary circle scans were investigated with Heidelberg Spectralis OCT. PPCT at the 3.4 mm circular line around the disc was measured by 2 techniques; manual 4-point measurement (PPCT-1) at temporal, superior, nasal and inferior sectors and by changing retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) segmentation lines manually using the editing function and obtaining automatic calculations (PPCT-2). Compatibility of the 2 techniques and correlations with RNFL measurements, age, sex, glaucoma presence, glaucoma drug usage, glaucoma stage, mean deviation, spherical equivalent (SE) and corneal thickness were investigated.
Results: Mean PPCT measured with the PPCT-1 technique was 149.44 ± 2.84 µm, while with the PPCT-2 technique, it was 159.51 ± 2.72 µm (p<0.001). There was a statistically strong positive correlation between PPCT-1 nasal and PPCT-2 nasal values (R: 0.875). Negative correlations were found between the 2 methods with age, SE, glaucoma stage and glaucoma drug usage.
Conclusion: Both of the measurement techniques are useful to evaluate PPCT.
Sociodemographic, Clinical, Biochemical and Microbiological Analysis of Cellulitis Patients; Investigation of Third Level Single Center Follow-up Results
Authors: en Mustafa , k Zeynep , Tunca Mustafa
Published: August 2023

Objective: In this study conducted in a single tertiary care center, it was aimed to examine the sociodemographic, clinical, biochemical, microbiological and follow-up results of cellulitis patients.

Materials and Methods: Demographic characteristics, presence of predisposing factors, cellulitis involvement area, attack characteristics, hospitalization status/duration, agents used in treatment and their durations, tissue/wound/blood culture, biochemistry and ultrasonography characteristics of the patients were examined and the results were compared by grouping the patients according to first attack/recurrent attack, inpatient/outpatient treatment, presence of concomitant diabetes and obesity.

Results: In the recurrent attack group, the frequency of diabetes, obesity, venous insufficiency, lymphedema and onychomycosis were significantly higher than in the initial attack group (p values; <0.001, <0.001, 0.025, <0.001, 0.002, respectively). The prevalence of obesity, diabetes mellitus and changing the initial antibiotic was significantly higher in the inpatient group compared to the outpatient group (p values; <0.001, 0.004, <0.001, respectively).

Conclusion: Diabetes, obesity, venous insufficiency, lymphedema, and conditions that impair skin integrity are important predisposing factors for both the development and recurrence of cellulitis.
Investigation of Inflammatory Effects of Dexmedetomidine and Sugammadex in Early Wound Healing in Rats
Authors: Alp Mehmet , Canakci Ebru , Celik Muruvvet , Bayrak Tulin , Bayrak Ahmet
Published: August 2023

Objective:The aim of this study was to determine how local dexmedetomidine and sugammadex application affect TNF- IL-1 levels, and histopathological scores, which are important markers of inflammatory response, in a rat experimental wound model.
Materials and Methods:In Group D, 2 ml of 10 mcg diluted dexmedetomidine (n=8), 2 ml of 10 mg diluted sugammadex (n=8), and 2 ml of saline (n=8) were infiltrated into the incision lips. Plasma TNF-α, IL1-β levels were measured. The rats were awakened. Their survival was continued for 7 days. On the seventh day following the procedure, a biopsy was taken from the subjects' incision line, and their histopathological wound healing scores were evaluated.
Results: There was a difference between the mean values of TNF-α between the groups (p=0.016). TNF-α was found to have a mean value of 299.59 in the control group, 253.41 in the dexmedetomidine group, and 249.51 in the sugammadex group. The active inflammation (AI) scores of the groups differed significantly (p=0.007).
Conclusion:Dexmedetomidine and sugammadex have been shown to accelerate the migration of polymorphous core leukocytes and lymphocytes to the wound site. We believe that our research will shed light for future clinical trials.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Dominance in Pneumonia Cases After Removal of Pandemic Restrictions
Authors: Aycan Nur , rk Eyy , Ate Ali , Toplar Emel , Karaman Serap , Tuncer O
Published: August 2023

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus is one of the most important causes of lower respiratory tract infections, with high mortality and morbidity in infants and children. It can cause airway inflammation, mucosal edema, and small airway collapse.
Method: We evaluated the clinical and demographic characteristics of newborns aged 0-30 days who were hospitalized in Yüzüncü Yil University Neonatal Intensive Care Unit due to lower respiratory tract infections and whose respiratory syncytial virus test was positive between 15/December/2022 and 15/February/2023.
Results: Between the specified dates, 29 patients diagnosed with lower respiratory tract infections were admitted to our neonatal unit. Of the oral/nasopharyngeal swab samples sent from all of these patients, one was positive for SARS-CoV-2, one for adenovirus, one for influenza A/B, and 18 (62%) respiratory syncytial virus. The weeks of the birth of the patients who were found to be positive for respiratory syncytial virus A/B were 36.72±1.48. The number of days they spent in the hospital was 6.72±1.6, 2(11.1%) patients required intubation, and 7(38.8%) patients required noninvasive respiratory support. One patient presented with convulsions at home, and cough and fever symptoms appeared on the second day of hospitalization. All patients recovered with oxygen support, hydration, and supportive treatment and were discharged.
Conclusion: The most common cause in neonates was found to be a respiratory syncytial virus. Early diagnosis and treatment are important in patients with suspected lower tract viral infections. Unnecessary antibiotic use and the spread of the disease should be prevented by increasing access to viral tests
The relationship between hyperuricemia and atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure
Authors: Birdal O , Aksakal Emrah , n Sidar , Sara brahim , Yumurta Ahmet , eker Muhammed
Published: August 2023

Objective

Uric acid is the end product of purine metabolism. Overproduction and insufficient excretion cause an increase in serum uric acid(SUA) levels. In some studies, it has been shown that hyperuricemia is an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality and poor prognosis of heart failure(HF). It has been found that the level of SUA may also be a biomarker to be used in demonstrating inflammation and oxidative stress. Recent studies have shown that inflammation and oxidative stress play a role in the pathogenesis of both HF and atrial fibrillation(AF). In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the level of SUA is associated with the development of AF in patients with HF.

Methods

A total of 1342 patients with HF who applied to outpatient clinic between 2018 and 2022 were scanned. Patients with one of the exclusion criteria were not included in the study. As a result, 538 HF patients were included. These patients were divided into 2 groups as new-diagnosed AF patients and patients without AF.

Results

SUA level was 9.29±2.93 mg/dL in patients with AF and 7.67±2.5 mg/dL in patients who did not develop AF, which was statistically significant(p<0.001) Also furosemide use was 92.5% and 72.6% in patients with and without AF, respectively(p<0.001). Other results of the study are described in the main text. In our multivariate analysis, SUA level and furosemide use were found to be associated with the development of AF[1.21 (1.09-1.35) p <0.001 for SUA; 5.33 (1.87-15.18)(p=0.002) for furosemide].

Conclusion

Hyperuricemia may increase the development of AF in patients with HF. According to this, correction of hyperuricemia can contribute positively to mortality and morbidity in HF patients.
How Does The Use Of Anticoagulants Influence The Outcome Of Elderly Thoraci̇c Trauma Patients?
Authors: inan merve , k Hakan , Kavakl Kuthan , Sapmaz Ersin , aran zg , n denizhan , Ahmadov Aghbaba , Gen Onur
Published: August 2023

Objective: As a result of the demographic transition, an increasing number of elderly patients require therapeutic anticoagulation for a variety of comorbidities. These individuals need multidisciplinary care because they frequently use many drugs, have concomitant conditions, and have functional status that is already compromised

Material and Method: A total of 103 trauma patients over the age of 65 who were admitted to the emergency department due to thoracic trauma were evaluated according to Gender, trauma etiology and characteristics, comorbidities, antithrombolytic therapy use, rib and sternum fracture, hemothorax, pneumothorax, and contusion due to thoracic trauma.

Results: There were 72 male patients and 31 female patients with The average age of 73.8 +/- 8.61 years (min: 65, max: 96). The rates of hemothorax, pneumothorax, hemopneumothorax, contusion, atelectasis, and pneumonia were not significantly different between patients using and not using antithrombolytics (respectively, p = 0.666, p = 0.320, p = 0.212, p = 0.369, p = 0.633, p = 0.652). Comorbid conditions or using antithrombolytics had no impact on how long patients stayed in the hospital (p = 0.503, p = 0.814). The only predictor that significantly increased the length of stay was determined to be the tube thoracostomy (p = 0.001).

Conclusion: Antithrombolytic usage had no impact on hemothorax, pneumothorax, or contusion development. However, further research and implementation initiatives are required in order to completely integrate geriatric principles into the care of older persons who have experienced trauma.
Determining the maternal attitude in supporting infant development
Running title: Assessing Maternal Support for Infant Development
Authors: kavc Mehmet , lu Sinem , an Derya , Yenilmez Meltem , Arslan Feyzullah
Published: August 2023

Objective:
The positive contribution of parental support to children's cognitive, emotional and social development in early infancy is well known. The aim of this study was to learn the attitudes and opinions of mothers of newborns about supporting development, shared reading, playing games and watching television and to evaluate the factors that may affect these predictions.
Materials and Methods:
The study was conducted with 154 mothers who applied to Inönü University Faculty of Medicine Developmental Paediatrics outpatient clinic using the "Maternal Attitude Interview Form Regarding Supporting Infant Development".
Results:
Findings revealed that 136 (88.3%) of mothers planned to reading together, but 88 (57.1%) of them didn’t plan to start before the age of 1 year. There were no baby books in 45.5% and no toys in 30.5% of the houses. A total of 20.1% of the mothers believed that watching television would have a positive impact on development, while 37% planned to allow their children to watch television before the age of 2 years. According to the regression analysis, it was determined that the most significant factor influencing mothers' intention to begin reading books with their babies before the age of 1 year was higher level of education (p<0.001).
Conclusion:
The rate of those who don’t plan to read in the early period and those who don’t have baby books and toys in their homes are at a considerable level. Nevertheless, it is promising that the most important factor affecting reading together in the early period is maternal education. It is of great importance that families are informed from pregnancy onwards about the contribution of reading and playing together to development and the negative effects of media tools in early childhood. Increasing the sensitivity of physicians who will follow the mother and the child will ensure the spread of preventive guidance services.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MITRAL ANNULAR CALCIFICATION AND FIRST DEGREE ATRIOVENTRICULAR BLOCK IN ELDERLY
Authors: AHAN Suzan , LU Murat , AHAN Ekrem
Published: August 2023

Aim: In this study, we aimed to reveal the relationship between these two degenerative processes, mitral annular calcification, and first-degree AV block.
Material and method: The data of 2347 patients over the age of 65 who were examined in the cardiology outpatient clinic. A total of 389 patients with echocardiography results and 12-lead ECGs obtained at the same visit were included in their electronic records. The patient population was divided into two groups as those with or without first-degree AV block, and those with or without mitral annular calcification.
Results: Considering the relationship between mitral annular calcification and first-degree AV block, first-degree AV block was observed more frequently in patients with mitral annular calcification, and this was statistically significant. ((Odds ratio: 6.881; 3.107 – 15.236 (95% CI), p<0.001))
Conclusion: In our study, it was observed that first-degree AV block was more common in patients with mitral annular calcification. When these conditions are encountered in clinical follow-ups, the association should be kept in mind, and it should be remembered that a conduction defect may develop in patients with mitral annular calcification or valve pathology may occur in patients with a conduction defect.
MRI provides higher rate of accuracy for determination of myometrial invasion of superficial type in patients with endometrial cancer
Authors: cal Emine , cal Ayd , konal merve , Verit Fatma
Published: August 2023

Aim: We aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of MRI in endometrial cancer by comparing the rate of myometrial invasion of preoperative MRI with the myometrial invasion rates of postoperative histopathological assessment.
Methods: This retrospective study analyzed the medical records of 32 patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer in our hospital's obstetrics and gynecology clinic from January 2000 to August 2017. Baseline clinical characteristics such as age, gravidity, parity, comorbidities as well as MRI and pathology results were recorded and analyzed.
Results: The patients with endometrial cancer had a median age of 57 (36-79) years. Our findings revealed that MRI demonstrated an accuracy of %75 for myometrial invasion with 96% sensitivity, 66% specificity, 96% positive predictive value, and 66% negative predictive value.
Conclusion: Overall, the current results supports that the accuracy of MRI for the determination of severity of myometrial invasion in patients with endometrial cancer is the highest when the myometrial invasion is superficial in histopathological examination; however, its accuracy is somewhat lower when there is no or deep myometrial invasion in histopathological examination.
The Rate of Locomotor System Disability in Patients Undergoing Electroneuromyography
Authors: nal Zeynep , Bahtiyarca Zeynep , Cankurtaran Damla , z Ece
Published: August 2023

Aim: It was aimed to evaluate the characteristics of the patients who were referred to our electroneuromiyography (ENMG) Laboratory to evaluate the rate of locomotor system disability from the Disabled Health Board (DMB).
Materials and Methods: Patients aged 18 years and over who applied to our hospital's DMB in the last three years (01.01.2019-31.12.2021) and were referred to the ENMG Laboratory to determine the disability rates related to the locomotor system were included. With the retrospective analysis, demographic characteristics of the patients, ambulatory levels, etiological factors, reasons for applying to the ENMG Laboratory, and diagnoses in ENMG reports were noted.
Results: Files of 1306 patients were reviewed, ENMG was performed in 139 (10.64%). The mean age was 45.34±12.2 years. One-hundred and eleven (79.9%) patients were male and 28 (20.21%) were female. Eighteen (12.9%) of the patients needed an assistive walking device. The most common etiological factors in locomotor system disability was disc herniation in 24 (17.2%) patients. The most common preliminary diagnosis was peripheral nerve injury in 67 (48.2%) patients. Peripheral nerve injury was the most frequently reported pathology in ENMG reports with 52 (37.4%) patients. While the ENMG report of 26 (18.7%) patients was normal; entrapment neuropathy was found in 14 (10.1%) patients, polyneuropathy in 10 (7.2%) patients, plexopathy in 8 (5.8%) patients, and cranial neuropathy in 1 (0.7%) patient.
Conclusion: Peripheral nerve injuries are the most common pathology in both preliminary diagnosis and ENMG reports. ENMG provides information such as the location and the severity of the lesion, so electrodiagnostic tests are very important in the evaluation of locomotor system disability.
Factors Affecting Mortality in Covid-19 Patients Treated with Intravenous Immunoglobulin
Authors: Ilkkilic Kadir , Cure Osman , Polat Hatice , Sen Bayram , Aydin Esra , Avci Ugur , Tufekci Damla
Published: August 2023

Background: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), used as an option in the treatment of severe Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has been shown to have effects on the suppression of the hyperinflammatory state through immunomodulatory actions. The aim of our study was to evaluate the factors associated with mortality in patients treated with IVIG for COVID-19.
Methods: Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and receiving IVIG therapy in addition to standard care therapy were included in the study.
Results: A total of 46 patients who received IVIG treatment were included in the study. The mortality rate was higher in patients aged over 52 years (p:<0.001). The mortality rate was found to be higher in patients with an interval of more than 7 days between hospitalization and the start of IVIG treatment (p:0.009). Patients with a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score had a more mortal course (p<0.001). Mortality rate was higher in patients with high immunoglobulin A (Ig A) levels before IVIG treatment (p:0.004). Survival rate was lower in patients with high neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), urea and prothrombin time (PT)and low albumin and lymphocyte counts.
Conclusions: A high Charlson Comorbidity Index score and high immunoglobulin A level are poor prognostic in COVID 19 patients treated with IVIG. Studying mortality risk factors is valuable in predicting response to IVIG therapy and may help in early identification of patients with poor prognosis and re-evaluate of treatment strategy.
Anxiety, Depression and Coping Styles in Mothers of Children with Cow's Milk Protein Allergy
Authors: r Ya , k Abdulvahit
Published: August 2023

Objective: Cow’s milk protein allergy (CMPA) in the infant is shown to be associated with hightened anxiety in the parents. However, depression and coping styles were not studied in mothers of children with CMPA. The aim of the present study was to compare the anxiety, depression levels and coping styles between mothers of children with CMPA and control group.
Materials and Methods: The study sample consisted of 41 subjects with CMPA and 41 subject without any chronical health problems, aged between 4 and 11 months. Anxiety, depression and coping styles of mothers were measured with Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Coping Attitudes Rating Scale (COPE).
Results: Depression and anxiety levels were significantly higher in the CMPA group according to the BDI and BAI (p< 0.001). The mothers in the CMPA group used active emotional coping strategies less than control group (p=0.021). Total breastfeeding duration of the children in the CMPA group was significantly lower than the healthy controls (p=0.008). There was negative correlation between active emotional coping scores and the time of adding supplemental food to infant’s diet (r=-0.42, p=0.06). Children who had additional food allergies breastfed less than the children who had only CMPA (p=0.02).
Conclusions: Mothers of the children with CMPA are under heightened risk for anxiety and depression. Children with CMPA may be at risk for shorter duration of breastfeeding. Anxious and depressed caregivers may be referred for psychological help since the first year of life is essential for healthy psychological development of the children.
Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection: diagnosis, management, and outcomes
Authors: Sengul Fatma , Arslan Perver , Duras Ensar , Ayyildiz Pelin , Kamali Hacer , Yildiz Okan , Onan smihan , Guzeltas Alper
Published: August 2023

Aim: Partial anomalous pulmonary venous connection (PAPVC) is a rare congenital cardiovascular anomaly characterized by one or more, but not all, pulmonary veins draining into the right atrium. This condition can occur in isolation or in conjunction with other cardiac abnormalities such as an atrial septal defect (ASD). In this study we aimed to investigate the clinical presentation, diagnostic approaches, management options, and outcomes of patients with PAPVC.
Materials and methods: This retrospective study included 140 patients diagnosed with isolated or ASD-associated PAPVC between January 2010 and December 2022.
Results: The median age at presentation was 5 years (1 month to 39 years). Isolated PAPVC was observed in 36 patients (25.7%), while 104 patients (74.3%) had an atrial septal defect (ASD). In our patient cohort, 119 patients (85%) exhibited partially affected anomalous PVs, while the remaining 21 patients (15%) presented with anomalous pulmonary veins involving the entire lung. Right-sided PVs were involved in 116 patients (82.8%), left-sided PVs in 20 patients (14.3%), and both right and left PVs in 4 patients (2.9%). Malposition of primum septum was detected in 8 patients (5.8%), and scimitar syndrome was present in 7 patients (5%). Surgical treatment was performed in 71.4% (n=100) of the patients, while catheter angiography with vertical vein occlusion was performed in 2 patients with dual drainage.
Conclusion: Despite the infrequency and complexity of PAPVC, timely identification and customized surgical intervention can help avert serious complications. The application of advanced imaging technologies in diagnosis and surgical planning is crucial.
Audiologic results of child with BVVL syndrome
Authors: lmaz O , du O , Tun Ayberk , r Mustafa
Published: August 2023

Brown-Vialetto-Van Laere (BVVL) syndrome is an autosomal-recessive inherited disease, which has mutations in specific genes responsible for the transportation of riboflavin in the intestines. Fifty-eight cases of BVVL have been reported in just over a century. This rare syndrome is generally characterized by motor, sensory, and cranial nerve neuropathy. Although this syndrome manifests with bulbar palsy, sensorineural hearing loss is the second most common consistent manifestation of BVVL syndrome. While auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD) often awaits due to the nature of the disease here, we present the results of cochlear hearing loss patient with BVVL syndrome. Timely recognition and proper management of BVVLS are crucial to offer necessary support and interventions for affected individuals because of the progressive nature of hearing loss.
Genomic identification and characterization of prophages associated with Citrobacter freundii strains
Authors: Jabeen Ishrat , Mahamud S , Islam Sohidul , Lamisa Anika , Anjum Afia , Oishy Sumaiya , Shuvo Sabbir
Published: August 2023

Citrobacter freundii is a Gram-negative opportunistic bacterium that can cause infections, sepsis, and meningitis, predominantly in infants and immunocompromised adults. This study is aimed at investigating the distribution of prophages in C. freundii strains and their potential effects on the host strains using genomic characterization. In-silico analysis of 144 complete chromosomal sequences of C. freundii strains was performed, and 574 intact prophages were identified from 1178 prophages in the host. The genome sizes of the intact prophages were 6.74-115.15 kb; on average, the host chromosomes were predicted to have around 3.98% of intact prophage genomes. At least three intact prophages were most frequently predicted, while only three host chromosomes were found to have the highest number of nine intact prophages. The GC content of prophages is 50.75%, slightly lower than the average GC content (51.85%) of C. freundii. Most of the prophages in C. freundii strains were classified into four families, Myoviridae (48.16%), Siphoviridae (42%), Podoviridae (4.67%), Inoviridae (0.17%), and 5% of the intact prophages could not be assigned into any family. Phylogenomic analysis of intact prophages divided the genomes into three distinct clades. Virulence gene analysis revealed the variable distribution of 7 virulence genes (hcp, higB, hipA, msgA, rtx, yeeV, and ykfI) among the intact prophages. Overall, this study provides insights into the diversity and characteristics of prophages associated with C. freundii strains, which will help in understanding the genetic evolution and pathogenesis of the bacteria.
Analysis of Voltage Dip Impact on Doubly Fed Induction Generator under Dynamic Conditions
Authors: Zergaw Kidist , Tuka Milkias
Published: August 2023

Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) is the most widely employed generator in the Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS) for the production of electricity. However, despite all of its various advantages, it is extremely vulnerable to grid faults such as voltage dip since its stator is directly coupled to the grid. A voltage dip problem is one the main issues among the power quality concerns. This fault causes the flow of excessive current across both the stator and the rotor terminals, which may lead to serious damage to the generator, power converters, and DC Link capacitor. On the other hand, the current Grid Codes (GC) requires the system to stay connected to the grid during this fault condition and support it in healing its nominal voltage. This capacity of the system is known as the Low Voltage Ride Through (LVRT) capacity. For the system to achieve such capacity, appropriate protection mechanisms or controlling strategies must be utilized. Therefore, in this paper, the crowbar protection technique, PI controller, and the Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) controller are employed. Furthermore, the performance of the system employing PI, crowbar, and ANFIS is analyzed and compared under grid fault conditions, i.e., a voltage dip with a magnitude of 0.1 pu (worst case) using MATLAB/Simulink software and based on actual data obtained from Adama II wind farm. The obtained results unveil that the settling time of ANFIS for controlling the rotor currents in d and q axes (idr and iqr) and DC link voltage is 3.6 s, 3.57 s, and 3.4 s, respectively. On the other hand, the settling times of the PI controller for controlling the rotor currents in d and q axes and the DC link voltage are found to be 4 s, 3.91 s, and 45.2 s, respectively, while the crowbar protection technique’s settling times are found to be 4 s, 6 s, and 4.9 s, respectively. It is evident from the aforesaid results that the ANFIS controller provides the best performance of the three strategies since it allows both the rotor currents and the DC link voltage to return to their steady state values faster than the other two techniques, employed in this investigation.
Energy-Efficient Cache Partitioning Using Machine Learning for Embedded Systems
Authors: Nour Samar , Habashy Shahira , Salem Sameh
Published: August 2023

Nowadays, embedded device applications have become partially correlated and can share platform resources. Cross-execution and sharing resources can cause memory access conflicts, especially in the Last Level Cache (LLC). LLC is a promising candidate for improving system performance on multicore embedded systems. It leads to a reduction in the number of high-latency main memory accesses. Currently, commercial devices can use cache partitioning. The software could better utilize the LLC and conserve energy by caching. This paper proposes a new energy-optimization model for embedded multicore systems based on a reconfigurable artificial neural network LLC architecture. The proposed model uses a machine-learning approach to express the reconfiguration of LLC, and can predict each task’s next interval LLC partitioning factor at runtime. The obtained experimental results reveal that the proposed model - compared to other algorithms - improves energy consumption by 28%, and gives 33% reduction in the LLC miss rate.
A Comprehensive Study on Energy Efficient-Cluster Based Routing Protocols in the Internet of Things: Hierarchical Routing Protocol
Authors: Saadallah Noor , Alabady Salah
Published: August 2023

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have several uses in a variety of industries; they are crucial components in many cutting-edge applications. WSNs are considered one of the newest applications to emerge is in the field of the Internet of Things (IoT), which enables the interconnection of various items or machines over the Internet, including the Internet of Things. This is why increase in the lifetime of the networks requires a strategy (protocol) that reduces the power consumption of the transmission or reception of data by the sensor nodes. A lot of research has been conducted, recently, to extend the lifetime of network sensors. The Hierarchical Cluster-based protocols and the Hierarchical Chain-based approaches have been created as solutions to this issue to reduce network traffic heading down the sink and so increase the lifetime of the network. In this survey, we look into the benefits and drawbacks of clustering when IoT is combined with cutting-edge technologies for computing and communication like 5G, fog/edge computing, and blockchain. Additionally, this survey offers helpful insights into the field of IoT clustering studies, enables a deeper comprehension of its design issues for IoT networks, and sheds the light on its potential future applications in cutting-edge IoT-integrated technologies.