bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Theoretical and in situ high speed measurement study on friction-induced vibration in water lubricated rubber bearing-shaft system
Authors: Kuang Fuming , Mu Haideng , Huang Jian , Wan Gao , Zhou Xincong
Published: October 2022

Water-lubricated rubber stern bearing causes frictional vibration and noise under extreme conditions, severely threatening the survivability and concealment performance of underwater vehicles. To investigate the mechanism of friction-induced vibration and noise, a four-degree-of-freedom nonlinear dynamic model that includes vibration of bearing support, frictional vibration of bearing and torsional vibration of shaft is proposed. The velocity-dependent Stribeckfriction model describes the dynamic friction characteristics between the rubber bearing and stern shaft. The nonlinear system stability is studied through Lyapunov indirect method, and the transient dynamic responses are determined by Runge-Kutta method. Meanwhile, a high-speed in situ measurement experimental study is adopted to explore the mechanism of frictional and torsional vibrations in water-lubricated bearing-shaft system. Results show that nonlinear friction excitation is the fatal cause of friction-induced vibration in bearing-shaft system. Under different friction excitations, the coupling vibration forms between the bearing and the bearing support are different, resulting in two main modes of friction-induced vibration: “Chatter” and “Squeal”. The frictional vibration of the bearing and the torsional vibration of the stern shaft are tightly coupled. The trends and results may provide a theoretical basis for further research on frictional vibration and wear control in water-lubricated rubber bearing-shaft system.
Does a Longer Work Horizon Affect Offsprings' Labour Market Outcomes?
Authors: Chattopadhyay Debdeep
Published: October 2022

This paper studies the effect of an increase in the work horizon of middle aged workers on the school-work transition of their offsprings aged 15-29 years. I exploit the variation in the parental work horizon induced by the 2012 Fornero reform in Italy that abruptly changed the age and years of social security contribution requirements for pension eligibility. Utilising a difference-in-difference strategy in a multi-valued treatment setting, the study shows that the reform-induced increase in the work horizon of mothers caused an increase in the probability of their offsprings seeking their first job and a decrease in these offsprings' probability of being a student. This effect is higher on male offsprings and is stronger in southern Italy. Fathers did not significantly affect the student status or any labour market outcomes of their offsprings. Mechanisms behind these findings include the longer reform-induced work horizon for mothers vs. fathers, and the consequent positive effect on mothers' lifetime earnings.
JEL Classification: I26, J18, J26
Variational Quantum Approximate Support Vector Machine With Inference Transfer
Authors: Park Siheon , Park Kyungdeock , Rhee June-Koo
Published: October 2022

A kernel-based quantum classifier is the most interesting and powerful quantum machine learning technique for hyperlinear classification of complex data, which can be easily realized in shallow-depth quantum circuits such as a SWAP test classifier. A variational quantum approximate support vector machine (VQASVM) can be realized inherently and explicitly on these circuits by introduction of a variational scheme to map the quadratic optimization problem of the support vector machine theory to a quantum-classical variational optimization problem. Probability weight modulation in index qubits of a classifier can designate support vectors among training vectors, which can be achieved with a parameterized quantum circuit (PQC). The classical parameters of PQC is then transferred to many copies of other decision inference circuits. Our VQASVM algorithm is experimented with toy example data sets on cloud-based quantum machines for feasibility evaluation, and numerically investigated to evaluate its performance on a standard iris flower and MNIST data set. The empirical run-time complexity of VQASVM is estimated to be sub-quadratic on the training data set size, while that of the classical solver is quadratic.
New magneto-polaron resonances in a monolayer of a transition metal dichalcogenide
Authors: Trallero-Giner Carlos , Santiago-Pérez Darío G. , Fomin Vladimir M.
Published: October 2022

Transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) semiconductors are two-dimensional materials with great potential for the future of nano-optics and nano-optoelectronics as well as the rich and exciting development of basic research. The influence of an external magnetic field on a TMD monolayer raises a new question: to unveil the behavior of the magneto-polaron resonances (MPRs) associated with the phonon symmetry inherent in the system.It is shown that the renormalized Landau energy levels are modified by the interplay of the long-range Pekar-Fröhlich (PF) and short-range deformation potential (DP) interactions. It leads to a new series of MPRs involving the optical phonons at the center of the Brillouin zone. The coupling of the two Landau levels with the LO and A1 optical phonon modes provokes resonant splittings of double avoided-crossing levels giving rise to three excitation branches. This effect appears as bigger energy gaps at the anticrossing points in the renormalization Landau levels.To explore the interplay between the MPR, the electron-phonon interactions (PF and DP) and the couplings between adjacent Landau levels, a full Green's function treatment for the evaluation of the energy and its life-time broadening is developed. A generalization of the two-level approach is performed for the description of the new MPR branches. The obtained results are a guideline for the magneto-optical experiments in TMDs, where three MPR peaks should be observable.
The Viral Load of Human Cytomegalovirus Infection in Children Following Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant by Chip Digital PCR
Authors: Wang Wen-Jun , Feng Miao , Feng-He  , Song Juan , Song Qin-Qin , Xia Dong , Liu Rong , Yao Hai-Lan , Han Jun
Published: October 2022

Objective
To detect viral load in Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection children after hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) by chip digital PCR (cdPCR).
Methods
The plasmid pUC57-UL83 containing the HCMV UL83 gene and HCMV AD169 strain were used to evaluate the sensitivity of cdPCR. Either HSV-1, HSV-2, VZV, EBV, HHV-6, or HHV-7 was used to evaluate the specificity of HCMV cdPCR. The cdPCR was compared with quantitative PCR (qPCR) by detecting HCMV infection of 125 children whole blood samples following HSCT.
Results
The limit of detection (LOD) of HCMV cdPCR was 103 copies/ml and the qPCR LOD was 297 copies/ml for plasmid pUC57-UL83. The result of HCMV cdPCR was 146 copies/ml for HCMV AD169 strain, indicating that the sensitivity of cdPCR was higher than that of qPCR. There is no cross-reaction between HCMV cdPCR and other herpes viruses. The incident of HCMV infection was 30.40% in 125 children following HSCT by cdPCR. The range of the HCMV viral load was from 107 copies/ml to 6600 copies/ml by cdPCR.
Conclusions
cdPCR is more sensitive than qPCR for detecting HCMV viral load. Furthermore, the cdPCR could be used to detect the viral load of HCMV infection before or after HSCT in children.
The application of mechanical load onto mouse tendons by magnetic restraining represses Mmp-3 expression
Authors: Mousavizadeh Rouhollah , West Valerie , Inguito Kameron , Parreno Justin
Published: October 2022

Objectives: Mechanical loading is crucial for tendon matrix homeostasis. Under-stimulation of tendon tissue promotes matrix degradation and ultimately tendon failure. In this study, we examined the expression of tendon matrix molecules and matrix-degrading enzymes (matrix metalloproteinases) in stress-deprived tail tendons and compared to tendons that were mechanically loaded by a simple restraining method.
Data description: Isolated mouse tail fascicles were either floated or restrained by magnets in cell culture media for 24 hours. The gene expression of tendon matrix molecules and matrix metalloproteinases in the tendon fascicles of mouse tails were examined by real-time RT-PCR. Stress deprivation of tail tendons increase Mmp3 mRNA levels. Restraining tendons represses these increases in MMP3. The gene expression response to restraining was specific to Mmp3 at 24 hours as we did not observe mRNA level changes in other matrix related genes that we examined (Col1, Col3, Tnc, Acan, and Mmp13). To elucidate, the mechansims that may regulate load transmission in tendon tissue, we examined filamentous (F-)actin staining and nuclear morphology. As compared to stress deprived tendons, restrained tendons had greater staining for F-actin. The nuclei of restrained tendons are smaller and more elongated. These results indicate that mechanical loading regulates specific gene expression potentially through F-actin regulation of nuclear morphology. A further understanding on the mechanisms involved in regulating Mmp3 gene expression may lead to new strategies to prevent tendon degeneration.
Sharing PHR Data in Cloud Using Sigmoid Key and Median Support Signature Based Cryptosystem
Authors: Austin Jain
Published: October 2022

In Personal Health Records (PHR) data sharing to the cloud face eavesdrop attack with the help of past search history, sometimes the hacker can access the details from the cloud server and key escrow problem. It is suggested to securely transport data stored on a third-party cloud server to improve the security performance of PHR data for the Sigmoid-based signature cryptosystem. In the proposed work, the PHR data is taken as an input and Key encrypting key algorithm (KEK) is implemented for the attribute key generation. After the attribute, key generation sigmoid is calculated for the PHR data to keep the key secured. To keep the personal data of the patient in a secured manner the median support-based signature is generated and without displaying the generated signature the ciphertext is displayed. To gain access to information stored in the cloud, the users have to verify the both generated private key and signature. On the successful verification of both the private key and signature, later, if the data requested by the user is a valid user then the user will be getting permission to access the cloud. The experimental findings show that our suggested technique outperforms other current methods in key computation time, communication complexity, encryption time, decryption time, and cloud operating mechanism.
Effects of rice and buckwheat husk ash on the biodegradability of epoxy materials
Authors: Gotlib E. M. , Perushkina E. V. , Ntsoumou R. Sch. , Yamaleeva E. S.
Published: October 2022

Due to the microbiological resistance of epoxy resins, their disposal after the completion of their lifecycle is a pressing issue. In this respect, the use of biodegradable rice and buckwheat husk derivatives as fillers may improve the service properties of epoxy materials. The results indicate that rice and buckwheat husks, as well as their ashes, can be used by soil microorganisms as a substrate. Compared to buckwheat husks, rice husks increase the biological activity of soil microbiota to a much greater extent. However, compared to rice husks, an increase in the temperature of obtaining rice husk ash leads to a decrease in its use by soil microorganisms as a substrate. This is associated with a decreased content of the X-ray amorphous phase and an increased amount of crystalline minerals in the composition of rice husk ash. At the same time, regardless of the temperature of its production, buckwheat husk ash outperforms buckwheat husks in terms of activated soil respiration, which indicates the possibility of microbiological disposal of buckwheat husk ash during its incubation in a soil. Epoxy materials, both unfilled and filled with rice and buckwheat husk ash, are not used by soil microorganisms as a substrate. At the same time, the filling of epoxy materials with rice husks leads to an improvement in their biodegradability. The biodegradation degree of rice and buckwheat husks, as well as their ashes, determines the effect of these fillers on soil respiration in the presence of epoxy materials.
Study into the effect of plasticizer nature on the properties of polymer-bitumen compositions via fluorescence microscopy
Authors: Lukin A. S. , Zhitov R. G. , Bayandin V. V. , Shaglaeva N. S.
Published: October 2022

The paper studies how the nature of the plasticizer affects the properties of polymer-bitumen compositions using the fluorescence microscopy. The current petroleum road bitumen used for the construction of road, bridge, and airfield pavements does not meet the requirements for cracking/heat resistance, elasticity, and adhesion to the mineral material surface. Pavement performance characteristics can be significantly improved by introducing thermoplastic elastomers, plasticizers, and surfactants into the composition of petroleum road bitumen. The best results were obtained when using a block copolymer of styrene and butadiene, industrial oil, and cationic surfactant on the basis of polyaminoamides and polyaminoimidazolines. The choice of industrial oil as a plasticizer is attributed to its good compatibility with bitumen and polymer, as well as its high flash point (200 °С). The content of paraffin-naphthenic hydrocarbons in industrial oil is over 70%. Although industrial oil is produced in large quantities, an acute shortage of this petrochemical product is observed due to its wide application; thus, intensive studies are underway to replace industrial oil in the composition of the polymer-bitumen binder. It is proposed to use heavy gas oil produced via catalytic cracking and delayed coking, heavy pyrolysis tar, solvent-extracted oil, and tall oil as plasticizers in the creation of the polymer-bitumen binder. In this connection, the effect of proposed plasticizers on the colloidal structure of the polymer-bitumen binder was studied using the method of fluorescence microscopy. Initial polymer-bitumen binders were produced at ANHK (Angarsk) according to GOST R 52056-2003 Polymer-Bitumen Road Binders Based on Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene-Type Block Polymers. The group composition of the plasticizers under study was determined. It was shown that in order to obtain a polymer-bitumen binder resistant to stratification, plasticizers having a content of aromatic compounds of over 60% are required.
Systemic measures on reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in animal husbandry enterprises. A review
Authors: Petrunina I. V. , Gorbunova N. A.
Published: October 2022

The paper presents a review of different approaches to solving problems arising upon greenhouse gas emission from activities of animal husbandry enterprises. The sector of ruminant animal production is under close attention for ecological reasons due to its significant contribution to emission of enteric methane (CH4) and an effect on global climate change. Moreover, analysis of the main sources of methane emission in the agricultural sector of the agro-industrial complex, including by species of livestock and poultry, is given. An impact of a feeding system, feeds and feed additives in use and manure storage on nitrogen losses is estimated. In this connection, the authors examine several promising scientific and practical development results that are aimed to reducing emissions and formulating a strategy for controlling direct emissions of greenhouse gases in animal husbandry that do not jeopardize animal productivity, especially in the context of sustainability. Practical activities that envisage the development of the complex of measures for reduction of greenhouse gas emissions are examined. Potential strategies for mitigating their consequences were divided into the following main categories: animal raising, changes in animal diets and manipulations with rumen. Furthermore, several other measures facilitating an increase in livestock productivity and reduction of the negative effect on the environment were taken. Eco-economic methods for assessing emissions of harmful gases in production of animal husbandry products are considered and the necessity of developing simpler cost-effective technologies for quantitative assessment of greenhouse gas emissions and a search for solutions to preserve favorable climate is emphasized. When assessing greenhouse gas emissions, the loss sizes and cumulative ecological damage are taken into account. Realization of strategies for emission reduction should lead to an increase in animal productivity and a decrease in the negative effect of animal husbandry on the environment.
Effect of the recombinant chymosins of different origins on the quality and shelf life of soft cheeses
Authors: Myagkonosov D. S. , Abramov D. V. , Delitskaya I. N. , Bukcharina G. B.
Published: October 2022

The effect of the type (bovine chymosin (Chy-max Extra), camel chymosin (Chy-max M), and modified camel chymosin (Chy-max Supreme)) and applied dose (1500, 2500, or 3500 IMCU/100 kg of milk) of milk-clotting enzyme (MCE) on the proteolysis degree, microstructure, rheological and sensory properties of Crescenza soft cheese was studied. The proteolysis degree of cheeses was directly proportional to the general proteolytic activity (PA) and dose of the MCEs added into milk during the cheese production. With an equal dose of the MCEs added into milk, the highest level of proteolysis was noted in the cheese options produced with recombinant bovine chymosin (Chy-max Extra). There were no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) in the proteolysis degree between the cheese options made with the same doses of the camel chymosin (Chy-max M) and modified chymosin (Chymax Supreme). After 21 days of storage, the cheeses with Chy-max Extra MCE had the most plastic consistency, while the cheeses with Chy-max Supreme MCE had the hardest and most elastic one. Cheeses produced with Chy-max M MCE occupied an intermediate position in terms of consistency density. Recombinant MCEs based on camel chymosin (Chy-max M) and modified chymosin (Chy-max Supreme) with low level of PA, may be recommended for use in the production of soft cheeses. This will extend the shelf life of cheeses by slowing-down the plasticization rate of their consistency.
El mecanismo COVAX y su eficacia como medida de emergencia sanitaria
Authors: Rada González Gina Paola , Funez García Pedro Manuel
Published: October 2022

El COVID-19 ha marcado, sin duda, no solo la historia en temas de salud pública, sino que también ha sido raíz de un sinnúmero de consecuencias en distintos escenarios que se han visto transformados, sobre todo a causa de las medidas implementadas para contrarrestar el virus que tuvo su origen a finales del 2019 en China y que posteriormente se expandió a todos los rincones del planeta.
La emergencia sanitaria puso en jaque a los gobiernos, y a pesar de los esfuerzos por mantener el control, la supervisión de los contagios y las muertes de la población, era menester pensar en un biológico que lograra disminuir los contagios y, por consiguiente, los decesos en el mundo. El rol de las vacunas ha sido de gran importancia, su fabricación y distribución a nivel mundial ha sido la solución eficaz en aras de poder seguir sosteniendo la economía, los mercados y por supuesto, el multilateralismo.
En consecuencia, los gobiernos y algunos organismos multilaterales, a partir de una iniciativa colectiva, deciden poner en marcha un mecanismo que pudiera garantizar la cobertura, equidad y derecho a la inoculación en el mundo, pero sobre todo a países de renta media y baja. Este plan llamado COVAX pretende financiar la investigación, fabricación y distribución de los inmunológicos garantizando proteger la vida y la economía mundial.
Palabras clave: Economía; Acceso; Política pública; acuerdo; política internacional..
Designing Educational Books for Children with Down Syndrome
Authors: Priambodo Rio
Published: October 2022

Down syndrome is one of the common genetic disorders. It is experienced by children born with an abnormal number of chromosomes which causes mental retardation and characteristic physical characteristics. Currently in Indonesia, many schools have been established that are specifically provided for children with Down syndrome, one of which is SLB Puspa Melati. SLB Puspa Melati is located in the Tepus area, precisely in Pudak Hamlet, Gunungkidul Regency, D.I. Yogyakarta Province. The learning activities carried out at SLB Puspa Melati Tepus are continuously explored, this is as done in July 2017 where SLB Puspa Melati invited several graffiti actors (including writers) to draw with the students of SLB Puspa Melati, especially in drawing letters which were then assembled into the names of each student. This activity then inspired the author to design an educational book for down syndrome children, especially for students of SLB Puspa Melati. This design includes designing the fontstyle (variety of letters) that the author created, inspired by the author's fontstyle graffiti consisting of alphabets A to Z and numbers 0 to 9. The entire alphabet and numbers were designed using connecting lines as a tool for students to draw and identify letters and numbers after they were bolded.
Water mist system application in solar collector system to increase clean water production
Authors: Sonawan Hery , Supriyono Toto , Sofia Evi , Gani Ahmad
Published: October 2022

This research is motivated by the problem of lack of clean water in remote areas such as coastal/sea and riverside/estuary areas. Apart from wells, some people also use river water for bathing and washing toilets. Water's low level of hygiene is almost ignored as long as it can still be used to meet daily needs. To overcome this problem, this research proposes a method to convert feed water or brackish water into clean water. The purpose of this study is to investigate an evaporation method to increase clean water production by adding a water mist system to the solar collector. With the discovery of a method to increase clean water production from the purification of feed water, this research makes a small contribution to improving public health, especially communities around the sea coast. This research was carried out using an experimental method referred to as factorial design method. From the experiment, the ratio of clean water production to the feed water flow rate is 7.9%. The maximum clean water production is 5.78ml/minute or 1.25% of the feed water flow rate when using 4 nozzles in the chamber.
Quantitative assessment and optimization of bi-functional membrane for remediation of Cr(VI) from wastewater
Authors: Arif Zeenat , Sethy Naresh Kumar
Published: October 2022

This paper explores the innovative approach of using a green route synthesized cost-effective bi-functional to eliminate toxic hexavalent chromium commonly found in tannery wastewater by using an integrated application of membrane and photocatalyst. Contaminated wastewater is firstly passed through bi-functional ultrafiltration membranes to retain hexavalent chromium and further reducing the toxicity of rejected water having high concentrations of Cr(VI) by photocatalytic reduction into Cr(III) in the presence of sunlight using the same membrane as photocatalyst film. Conditions governing the separation process such as solution pH, nanoparticle loading in polymer matrix, and concentration of Cr(VI) have been optimized to maximize the % rejection and photocatalytic reduction to Cr(III). The purpose of this work was to optimize the process condition through the use of the response surface method (RSM) that governs the process. RSM analysis concludes that excellent rejection of 91.58% and reduction of 87.02% is possible at the predicted pH (5.55), particle loading (2.14%) and Cr(VI) concentration (25 mg/L).
Targeting Mitochondria for the Prevention and Treatment of Nonalcoholic
Fatty Liver Disease: Polyphenols as a Non-pharmacological
Approach
Authors: Zapata Jaime , Castro-Sepulveda Mauricio , Soto-Alarcon Sandra , Alvarez Daniela , Bustamante Andres , Villarroel Guiselle , Gallardo Arturo , Garcia-Diaz Diego Fernando , Valenzuela Rodrigo , Echeverria Francisca
Published: October 2022

Scope:

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a high and growing
prevalence globally. Mitochondria are fundamental in regulating cell energy homeostasis.
Nevertheless, mitochondria control mechanisms can be exceeded in this context of energy
overload. Damaged mitochondria worsen NAFLD progression. Diet and lifestyle changes
are the main recommendations for NAFLD prevention and treatment. Some polyphenols
have improved mitochondrial function in different NAFLD and obesity models.

Objective:

The study aims to discuss the potential role of polyphenols as a nonpharmacological
approach targeting mitochondria to prevent and treat NAFLD, analyzing
the influence of polyphenols' chemical structure, limitations and clinical projections.

Methods:

In vivo and in vitro NAFLD models were considered. Study searches were performed
using the following keywords: nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, liver steatosis, mitochondria,
mitochondrial activity, mitochondrial dynamics, mitochondrial dysfunction,
mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial cristae, fusion, fission, polyphenols, flavonoids,
anthocyanins, AND/OR bioactive compounds.

Conclusion:

Polyphenols are a group of diverse bioactive molecules whose bioactive effects
are highly determined by their chemical structure. These bioactive compounds could
offer an interesting non-pharmacological approach to preventing and treating NAFLD,
regulating mitochondrial dynamics and function. Nevertheless, the mitochondria' role in
subjects with NAFLD treatment is not fully elucidated. The dosage and bioavailability of
these compounds should be addressed when studied.
Animal Models of Atherosclerosis and Interpretation of Drug Intervention Studies
Authors: Bocan Thomas M.A.
Published: October 2022

Atherosclerosis has often been defined as a multifactoral disease; however, a common risk factor associated with accelerated vascular disease in man or animals is an elevated plasma cholesterol level. Even though there is no one perfect animal model that completely replicates the stages of human atherosclerosis, cholesterol feeding and mechanical endothelial injury are two common features shared by most models of atherosclerosis. The models may differ with respect to degree of dietary cholesterol supp­
lementation, length of hypercholesterolemia, dietary regimen and type, duration and degree of mechanical endothelial injury. With the advent of genetic engineering, transgenic mouse models have supplemented the classical dietary cholesterol induced disease models such as the cholesterol-fed hamster, rabbit, pig and monkey. The desire to limit the progression of atherosclerosis has spawned numerous drug intervention studies. Biochemical as well as morphologic and morphometric changes in the extent, structure and composition of atherosclerotic lesions following drug intervention have become major endpoints of in vivo drug intervention studies. Interpretations of alterations in vascular pathology following drug administration are often confounded by associated changes in plasma lipids and lipoproteins, limitation of the animal models and additional properties of compounds unrelated to their primary mode of action. Thus, the current review will summarize the pathology of atherosclerosis, describe various animal models of vascular disease and provide a critical review of the metho9s utilized and conclusions drawn when evaluating pharmacologic agents in animals.
Adenosine Kinase Inhibitors
Authors: Kowaluk Elizabeth A. , Bhagwatt Shripad S. , Jarvis Michael F.
Published: October 2022

Adenosine (ADO) is an endogenous modulator of intercellular signaling that provides homeostatic reductions in cell excitability during tissue stress and trauma. The inhibitory actions of ADO are mediated by interactions with specific cell-surface G­ protein coupled receptors regulating membrane cation flux, polarization, and the release of excitatory neurotransmitters. ADO kinase (AK; EC 2.7.1.20) is the key intracellular enzyme regulating intra- and extracellular ADO concentrations. Inhibition of AK produces
marked increases in extracellular ADO levels that are localized to cells and tissues undergoing accelerated ADO release. Thus AK inhibiton represents a mechanism to selectively enhance the protective actions of ADO during tissue trauma without producing the nonspecific effects associated with the systemic administration of ADO receptor agonists. During the last 10 years, specific inhibitors of AK based on the endogenous purine nucleoside substrate, ADO, have been developed. Potent AK inhibitors have recently been synthesized that demonstrate high specificity for this enzyme as compared to other ADO metabolic enzymes, transporters, and receptors. In both in vitro and in vivo models, AK inhibitors have been shown to potently increase ADO concentrations in a tissue and event specific fashion and to demonstrate potential clinical utility in animal models of epilepsy, ischemia, pain, and inflammation. AK inhibitors have demonstrated superior efficacy in these models as compared to other mechanisms of modulating ADO availability, and these agents exhibit reduced side-effect liabilities compared to direct acting ADO receptor agonists. The preclinical profile of AK inhibitors indicate that these agents may have therapeutic utility in a variety of central and peripheral diseases associated with cellular trauma and inflammation. Clinical trials are currently underway to evaluate the efficacy of AK inhibitors in seizure disorders and pain.
Whitening Optical Effect of New Chewing Gums
Authors: Porciani Pier Francesco , Perra Caterina , Grandini Simone
Published: October 2022

Background:

Today, many treatments are available to enhance the color of teeth, but they require a few days to weeks to deliver this effect.

Objective:

To evaluate the instantaneous optical whitening effect of two new sugar-free chewing gums and one dentifrice of proven efficacy versus one placebo chewing gum.

Methods:

This was a single-blind, parallel trial. 424 participants entered the study and were randomly allocated to four groups. They received a personal silicone mask with a calibrated hole at one upper incisor to apply a dental colorimeter. The tools tested were chewing-gum containing indigotine (E132-FD&C Blue 2) and spirulina, chewing-gum containing only spirulina, chewing-gum placebo, and dentifrice containing Blue Covarine. Vita® Easyshade scored the tooth color, and the WIO and WID whiteness indexes were calculated. For chewing gums, the color of the teeth was scored before the assumption and after 2’30” of mastication. For dentifrice, participants brushed for 1’30”, then rinsed, and the color was scored before brushing and after 2’30”. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc.

Results:

The two experimental whitening chewing gums and the dentifrice significantly increased the WIO and the WID indexes from the baselines (p<0.001). Moreover, their effects were statistically greater than those reported for the placebo chewing gum (p<0.05) but not significatively different among them (p=NS).

Conclusion:

All the tested whitening tools showed an instant optical whitening perception. Further studies are required to assess the intensity of the effect over a prolonged time to meet the people's request for fast whitening tools.

The clinical trial registration no. is PVM-2020-01.
IgE Mediated Wheat Allergy Associated with Resistant and Severe Forms of Allergic Conjunctivitis
Authors: Sayed Khulood M. , Ali Abdellah H.
Published: October 2022

Objective:

This study aimed to determine the prevalence and criteria of wheat allergy (WA) among patients with resistant allergic conjunctivitis (AC).

Methods:

A prospective comparative study was conducted on 100 patients with resistant AC. Skin prick-tests (SPTs), total and sIgE against a panel of inhalant and food allergens were performed in all patients’ sera. They were divided into 2 groups according to skin prick test (SPT) and specific IgE (sIgE) level, namely the wheat sensitive group (WSG) and wheat tolerant group (WTG). Total ocular symptom scores (TOSS) and 4-point sign scales were correlated for both groups.

Results:

Ten patients out of 100 with IgE-mediated resistant AC were wheat sensitive, and the other 90 were wheat tolerant patients. WSG included patients of significantly younger age. Positive family history of atopy was proven in 100% of WSG vs. 67% of WTG. A significantly higher frequency of multiorgan allergy was detected in 100% of WSG vs. 20% in WTG (P = 0.0001). Thirty (30%) of WSG had associated allergic rhinitis (AR) and bronchial asthma (BA). Another 30% had an associated AR only, 10% had an associated BA only, and another 20% had an associated skin allergy. TOSS, 4- point sign scale, and total IgE level were significantly higher in WSG.

Conclusion:

This study provides novel evidence that wheat allergy is responsible for some severe forms of AC.
Attachment Style, Love Style, and Attachment Behaviour in University Students’ Intimate Relationships, South Africa – A Brief Study
Authors: Tyolo Thandiswa P. , Erasmus Petro , Koen Vick , Tsabedze Wandile F.
Published: October 2022

Introduction:

Various studies have been conducted on attachment styles. The majority of these studies are from high-income countries and only a few focused on the relationship between attachment style, love style and attachment behaviour exhibited in intimate relationships or on this phenomenon in the context of a South African university. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between attachment style (secure, anxious and avoidant), love style (passion, intimacy and commitment) and attachment behaviour (accessibility, responsiveness and engagement) in intimate relationships in a South African university sample.

Methods:

A cross-sectional, correlational research design was employed. A total of 317 university students were sampled through the randomisation sampling technique. Instruments used were: Experience in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R), Sternberg’s Triangular Love Scale (STLS) and Brief Accessibility, Responsiveness and Engagement (BARE).

Results:

Data were statistically analysed. The male mean was 2.911 (SD = 0.496) and the female mean was 2.864 (SD = 0.499). The results suggest no significant relationship exists between attachment style, love style and attachment behaviour or gender differences regarding these variables. A significant positive correlation was reported between love styles (passion, intimacy and commitment) and attachment behaviour (accessibility, responsiveness and engagement). Intimacy significantly and positively correlates with passion (r =.75; p<.01) as well as commitment (r = .79; p<.01). Passion is also significantly and positively correlated with commitment (r = .82; p<.01).

Conclusion:

The study recommends attention to attachment styles among university students to improve how students relate to intimate partners. It concludes that knowledge about intimate partners is essential from a young age to lessen psychosocial issues in the future.
Association of Diagnosed Obstructive Sleep Apnea with Hospitalization and Mortality in a Retrospective New York City COVID-19 Surge Cohort with a Risk Prediction Model
Authors: Pranevicius Mindaugas , Parsikia Afshin , Golden Leon , Castaldi Maria , Casper James P. , Kaban Jody , Todor Roxane , Pranevicius Osvaldas
Published: October 2022

Background:

COVID-19 infection is more severe in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with unclear modification by risk factors. Additionally, there is no scoring algorithm for probability of admission.

Methods:

On 8/4/2020 we queried New York City Health and Hospitals system database for patients above 15 years old who tested positive for COVID-19 during the surge. The target was diagnosed OSA. The timeframe was between 3/24/2020 and 6/7/2020 with limited elective hospital admissions. We calculated case-control-matched odds ratios for admission, intubation, and death. Additionally, we introduced a scoring system to predict the probability of admission due to COVID19 infection in the presence of OSA and other comorbidities.

Results:

Out of 19,593 COVID positive patients 306 (1.6%) had documented OSA. On multivariate analysis, the adjusted odds ratios for patients with OSA were 2.04 (CI 1.32-3.16, p 0.001) for admission, 1.05 (0.73-1.52, p 0.784) for intubation and 1.23 (CI 0.95-1.61, p 0.122) for mortality. After matching and comparing to a randomly selected non-OSA patients, the adjusted odds ratio for the same outcomes were 2.21 (1.41-3.46, p <0.001)-admission, 1.28 (0.83-1.98, p 0.256)-intubation and 1.69 (1.24-2.28, p<0.001)-mortality. Per our developed 11-point scoring algorithm, the risk of admission for these patients is almost 90% when the summation of points is as a low as 4 out of 11.

Conclusion:

Diagnosis of OSA is associated with hospital admission and mortality in COVID patients. This should be considered during triage and therapy decisions. Presented scoring model for estimated risk of admission could serve as a quantitative tool to estimate risk of admission.
Strategic alignment maturity assessment on conventional bank’s information technology
Authors: Puspitasari Nia Budi , Saptadi Singgih , Rahmadi Aditya Dwi
Published: October 2022

Strategic alignment between information technology and business strategy is needed to achieve an organization's performance excellence. Bank X is a bank that focused on serving the micro, small and medium enterprise (MSME) market segments. Bank X provided a variety of banking services which are generally grouped into activities of raising and distributing funds. Banking services are carried out conventionally. At the end of 2019, Bank X was acquired by an investment holding company. The objective of the acquisition is to develop Bank X into a bank with a digital platform. This study aims to measure the maturity level of strategic alignment of information technology with business strategies at Bank X. A conceptual framework is developed based on relevant literature. The level of strategic alignment is measured based on Luftman's Strategic Alignment Maturity Model (SAMM) framework. The results of the analysis show that the strategic alignment maturity level of Bank X is at level 3. Several recommendations are given to improve the maturity level of Bank X's strategic alignment.
Applied energy and mass balance optimization re-engineering: case on Industri Gula Glenmore, Ltd.
Authors: Harnowo Saptyaji , Hidayat Arif , Gupta Ramit
Published: October 2022

The Glenmore Sugar Industry, Ltd. is designed for 8000 TCD production or 273 TPH. The process required approximately 136 TPH based on the Steam on Cane (SoC) 50%. As the factory's primary input, Sugar Cane cannot supply 8000 TCD Factory Capacity, so 6000 TCD is chosen as an alternative. After commissioning, a lack of steam for servicing the process occurred because the Turbine at full load required 7,6 Kg/kWh. Desuperheater supports the additional steam for the process, which is only 20 TPH. Meanwhile, the steam from the turbine supplies 84 TPH. The need for 32 TPH must be solved, and a specific strategy should be prepared. The Applied Thermodynamics Re-Engineering is a potential method that can be applied in which the findings show that the deficit of 32 TPH steam for the process can be solved precisely.
Overlay welding analysis on GTAW and SMAW processes in terms of mechanical properties and corrosion rate
Authors: Fikrie Ahmad , Pratiwi Wiwik Dwi , Fakhri Ardani Ahsanul
Published: October 2022

The Overlay welding process is a coating technique that is carried out using the welding process. In this study, a coating was conducted on carbon SA 516 gr. 70 with stainless steel electrodes. Welding was carried out with the GTAW and SMAW processes. The electrode used in the first coating for GTAW was ER309L while for SMAW was E309L. The next coating used in the GTAW electrode was ER316L and the SMAW electrode was E316L. In both welding processes, testing was carried out on mechanical properties and corrosion rates. Testing was carried out to determine mechanical properties, namely bending testing. This was done based on ASME IX. Bending test results in both processes are declared accepted because there are no defects. In testing the corrosion rate using the three-electrode cell method based on the ASTM G102 Overlay welding process with GTAW has a slower corrosion rate of 0.00890 MMPY compared to the overlay welding process with SMAW.
Art Practice-Based Research Paradigm
Authors: Md Arif Mohd Fuad
Published: October 2022

A research paradigm is a blueprint that lay out the many roles of how the development of knowledge can be place within a particular discipline in research. As artistic research is still in its infancy, this paper attempts to proposed a schematic foundation for art practice-based research paradigm by referencing to an existing structure proposed by Gray and Malins. The research takes a interpretative method in developing definition and basic argument, providing the future researcher with a fundamental comprehension of the research paradigm by focusing on its three components—namely, ontology, epistemology, and methodology—as outlined in their suggested scheme.
New Norm Documentation: Solidarity of solitary in art making
Authors: Kamaruzaman Muhamad Zaim , Ahmad Farid Raihan , Salleh Mohamad Rizal , Romat Muhammad Sukor
Published: October 2022

Positive Covid-19 instances are becoming more common every day. To reduce everyday cases, the government has taken a variety of actions. It logically follows from the absence of cohesiveness among the community. This work of art aims to provide social commentary by using assemblage paintings as a record to promote communal cohesion. Overall, the results demonstrate that a few social groups' steadfast contempt for Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) has led to the failure of countless programmes. In order to reduce the incidence of infection, the populace must be united and accept government orders.
Factors which Influenced the Style of Malaysian Printmaking: 1930-2000
Authors: Mat Isa Mohd Jamil
Published: October 2022

Printmaking can be classified as relief, intaglio, planographic, and digital print. Malaysian printmaking has been developing since the Colonial Era. The objectives of this research are to trace and identify the factors that influence the development of style in Malaysian printmaking. This research will use qualitative methods with an art historical approach based on the primary and secondary data. The works of printmaking are divided into two main categories, the Pre-Independence Era and Post-Independence Era. This study used theories by Shapiro, Panofsky, and Feldman to investigate the findings and possibilities that can identify the factors that have influenced the style.
Managing Instrumental Practice and Part-Time Employment for Music Students
Authors: Mohd Khairi Nur Syahirzah , Jaafar Nur Fariesya Dayana , Syed Mohammed Sharifah Faizah , Linnis Maryann Magdalena
Published: October 2022

Student-musicians must divide time between academic commitments and practising their instruments. As a result, many may be discouraged from having part-time work as it means a lack of hours available for practice. Through a survey, this study aims to find how performance students at Universiti Teknologi MARA who worked during the term coped with their training. The findings reveal that while they can manage their time well, work is not a disadvantage and can boost their prospects. However, students may have to acquire effective practice methods, as many believe they need more than three hours of daily practice.
Perceptions toward Music Education
Authors: Noor Sham Noor Shahidah , Ismail Md Jais , Sim Yap Eng
Published: October 2022

Music education in Malaysia has been through various stages of development that finally got its recognition in formal education in public schools in Malaysia. The purpose of this study is to identify the perceptions of the community towards music education. Over the years, the curriculum in Malaysia has changed where music is a component in arts education and takes only 30 minutes from the one-hour slots in the primary schools. This circumstance has impacted the teaching and learning of music in schools and further impacted the intake of students and music education at the tertiary level. In addition to this circumstance, it will also affect the community. Therefore, this study has been conducted by reviewing three videos of people's perceptions of music education. On the ground of this, this study focused on a qualitative research method by collecting data and reviewing the data from the videos chosen.
Eco – colourants and Collage: Exploring natural colours extracted from ketapang leaves
Authors: Abdul Jabbar Habibah , Shafai Siti Nor Diana , Ab Kadir Muhammad Ismail
Published: October 2022

The application of synthetic colorants in visual arts can cause substantial risks to the health and well-being of artists. The hazardous compounds in some paintings, whether they are acrylics, oils or watercolors, can cause negative health and environmental consequences. This study aimed to produce artworks with eco-colourants extracted from ketapang leaves using the boiling water extraction method. The extraction was performed at a boil for 30 minutes in distilled water keeping the liquor ratio at 1:20. The pre-mordanted, as well as meta-mordanted cotton, linen, viscose and satin silk fabrics with 5 – 10% (owf) of alum and tunjung, were dipped in the eco-colourants extract solution for 30 minutes to complete the dyeing cycle. The liquor ratio used in dyeing procedures was 1:20 and 1:40. The dyed fabrics were then evaluated visually in terms of shades obtained and the applicability toward the production of collages. The interesting aspect of this study was that the application of different mordants gave a variety of hues, even though the extracted eco-colourants come from the same source. Generally, pre-treated fabrics with tunjung produced darker shades in comparison with alum. The collected information was analysed and successfully executed to produce final collage artworks. However, the effectiveness might depend on the skills, abilities, and knowledge to produce collage artwork products using dyed fabric with extracted eco-colourants from ketapang leaves. This study gives preliminary evidence that plant-derived eco-colourants can be used in the visual arts and that they should be investigated more in the future.