bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Development of Prefabricated Additional Insulation Elements for the Renovation of High-Rise Apartment Buildings
Authors: Pihelo Peep , Kalamees Targo
Published: June 2024

Prefabricated additional insulation elements have demonstrated success in renovating up to 5-storey apartment buildings. However, the unique challenges posed by high-rise buildings necessitate a closer examination of installation and long-term performance. In this study, we developed an additional insulation element specifically tailored for renovating high-rise apartment buildings and analysed its hygrothermal performance. To test the performance of the insulation elements, we installed a prototype and measured its performance at critical points along the external envelope. We calibrated a calculation model and applied building performance simulation software to explore various combinations of prefabricated elements. Our goal was to compare the associated risks and the key hygrothermal properties of these different material combinations within the insulation element. Critical points between the insulation layer and the wind barrier, as well as between the surface of the existing concrete panel wall and the vapour control layer of the additionally insulated exterior wall were analysed. The study's results indicate that the thermal resistance and water vapour permeability of the wind barrier layer, and the presence of an appropriate vapour control layer primarily influence the performance and moisture dry-out of a structure. Additionally, the study results indicate that the weather component has a higher impact than in lower buildings as the wind-driven rain loads are considerably higher in the upper parts of the high-rise buildings. The initial moisture (w = 110 kg/m3 at the height of the 9th storey and w = 117 kg/m3 at the height of the 16th storey) dry-out can last more than 3 years depending on the building type and materials used. This study underscores the importance of tailored solutions and vigilant moisture safety management in high-rise apartment building renovations, particularly when utilizing prefabricated additional insulation elements.
Assessment of the Renovation Need, Material Authenticity, and the Cultural and Environmental Value of Historic Apartment Building Neighbourhoods
Authors: Liiva Elina , Rummo Helena , Ambrozevits Kateriin , Ojari Andres , Lomp Siim , Kalamees Targo
Published: June 2024

Preserving the built heritage, maintaining the original exteriors of historic apartment buildings, and achieving today’s living standards and ambitious environmental objectives require a multidisciplinary approach encompassing cultural, economic, legal, social, environmental and historical factors. This study aims to assess the need for renovation and the cultural and environmental value of historic apartment buildings. Architects, conservators and civil engineers have been involved to evaluate the authenticity of materials and forms, their technical condition and suitability to the historic urban milieu across 19 building components. Our findings reveal significant replacement activities in various elements such as roof coverings, roof eaves, façades, stairwell windows, stairwells, exterior doors, and window and frame distribution, with a particular focus on materials rather than geometry. Notably, there is often a lack of original materials of the windows. When comparing materials and geometries, we observed a higher frequency of material replacement. While the immediate need for intervention may not be urgent, many historic apartment buildings are at risk of imminent material deterioration, necessitating timely renovation. The deep renovation approach, which extends the service life, enhances energy efficiency and indoor climate and restores the exterior aesthetics, offers a threefold benefit. However, aligning the current reconstruction requirements with the preservation of milieu values may remain ambiguous, leading homeowners to resist or overlook these obligations. Consequently, a culture of step-by-step (staged) renovation emerges, contributing to an eclectic appearance of the historically valuable area and promoting the use of inappropriate materials. In conclusion, this research emphasizes the importance of a holistic approach to building renovation, which yields architecturally superior and technically sustainable outcomes. The current study underscores the necessity for a shift in the authorized heritage discourse in Estonia. Rather than primarily imposing restrictive measures on construction and renovation projects, the focus should pivot towards effective communication of historical values. It is crucial to provide support and guidance (not restrictions) to building owners, designers and builders in this regard.
Guest Editor Preface
Authors: Šeduikytė Lina
Published: June 2024

It is a great pleasure that I preface this the second special issue of the Journal of SustainableArchitecture and Civil Engineering, which comprises invited papers submitted to the 5th ForumWood Building Baltic, organized between 27 – 28 February 2024 in Tallinn, Estonia.The Forum Wood Building Baltic 2024 conference was a fantastic opportunity for scientists andpractitioners to meet, to exchange experiences and learn from the best within the field. The conferencewas organized by the Tallinn University of Technology, the Estonian Academy of Arts andForum Holzbau in collaboration with the Estonian Association of Civil Engineers and the EstonianWoodhouse Association.
„Ich bin eigentlich aufgeschlossen, aber …“
Authors: Ritter Monique
Published: June 2024

Bei Gesprächen mit Pflegekräften zum Thema herkunftsdiverse Zusammenarbeit hört Monique Ritter oft den Satz „Ich bin eigentlich aufgeschlossen, aber …“. Was können Unternehmen der Sozialwirtschaft gegen den Alltagsrassismus tun? Vor dem Hintergrund ihrer Forschungsergebnisse schlägt die Autorin Maßnahmen im Sinne einer rassismuskritischen Organisationsentwicklung vor.
Jenseits von Oberschwaben
Authors: Nachbaur Markus , Müller Lukas , Dobler Ulrich
Published: June 2024

Das Jahr 1998 markierte für die Stiftung Liebenau den operativen Startpunkt ihrer Entwicklung zu einem europäischen Sozialunternehmen. Mit Übernahme der Trägerschaft für drei Altenheime in Bregenz (Österreich) wurde sie erstmals außerhalb der Landesgrenzen aktiv. Heute gibt es zahlreiche weitere Standorte in Österreich, der Schweiz, Südtirol und weiteren Teilen Italiens sowie in der Slowakei. Das Betreuungsspektrum reicht von der Pflege über Kindergärten hin zu medizinischen Angeboten sowie Hilfen für Menschen mit Einschränkungen.
Zwischen Fortschritt und Strukturwandel
Authors: Moussavi Natalia , Fischer Tristan
Published: June 2024

Das Projekt „Umsetzungsbegleitung Bundesteilhabegesetz“ wird seit Mai 2017 und noch bis Dezember 2024 vom Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Soziales gefördert und vom Deutschen Verein für öffentliche und private Fürsorge e. V. getragen. Hauptaufgabe ist es, die Akteure des sozialrechtlichen Dreiecks – vor allem die Eingliederungshilfeträger – bei der Umsetzung des Bundesteilhabegesetzes zu unterstützen, sie über Regelungsinhalte aufzuklären und den fachlichen Austausch zur Umsetzung zu fördern.
Health Equity im deutschen Gesundheitssystem
Authors: Flachenecker Bianca
Published: June 2024

Health equity can create a virtuous circle in the health system and the economy. If the fair distribution of opportunities to achieve the best possible individual state of health improves people's well-being, overburdened structures will be relieved and productivity will increase.
Bianca Flachenecker has been analysing the healthcare industry as a journalist for around ten years, most recently as editor-in-chief of the trade magazine Health&Care Management. Based on interviews with experts, she shows the economic and social potential that leading decision-makers in the healthcare sector see in health equity and thus provides new impetus for the organisation of healthcare.
Die Aufstellung der Kandidaten für den Deutschen Bundestag
Authors: Schüttemeyer Suzanne S. , Berkhoff Pia , Cordes Malte , Gabriel Oscar W. , Hellmann Daniel , Höhne Benjamin , Kannenberg Oliver , Kopsch Sophie , Niedermayer Oskar , Pyschny Anastasia , Schindler Danny
Published: June 2024

In a parliamentary democracy, the existence of the political order stands and falls with the fulfilment of parliamentary functions; and specifically, it is the members of parliament who have to do this. It depends on them whether there is sufficient expertise in parliament to (co-)steer or control politics, they must ensure a lively connection to society, struggle for appropriate solutions and find compromises. They are accountable to the electorate and bear the ultimate democratic responsibility. As a rule, the government is recruited from their ranks. The selection of candidates for parliamentary mandates is therefore of the utmost importance. The Institute for Parliamentary Research (IParl), together with a team of current and former employees and IParl Fellows led by Suzanne S. Schüttemeyer, has investigated the questions of who is nominated for parliamentary elections, how, by whom and why. In 13 chapters, the nomination of candidates is analysed in depth and in many details from the perspective of parliamentarism research.
Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Vancomycin and Linezolid Resistance in Clinical Isolates of Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Aslanimehr Masoumeh , Kalhor Hajar , Attar Adeleh , Barikani Ameneh
Published: June 2024

Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major cause of healthcare-associated infections and poses a significant global challenge due to its high pathogenicity and rapid spread among patients. Vancomycin and linezolid are key antibiotics for treating staphylococcal MRSA infections. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate resistance to vancomycin and linezolid in clinical isolates of S. aureus. Methods: In this study, 270 S. aureus isolates were collected from patients admitted to hospitals in Tehran and Qazvin. Strain identification was performed using biochemical methods and femA gene amplification. Resistance to methicillin and vancomycin was determined using disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination, and E-test methods. Methicillin resistance was also assessed by detecting the presence of the mecA and mecC genes. Resistance to vancomycin and linezolid was evaluated by examining the presence of vanA, B, C, and cfr genes using PCR and sequencing. Results: Out of 270 S. aureus isolates, 152 (56.3%) were identified as MRSA, with 144 (94.7%) of these MRSA isolates containing the mecA gene. Two (0.7%) VRSA isolates were observed, and the vanA gene was detected in both. Additionally, four VISA (1.4%) isolates were identified, but the vanA gene was not detected in any of the VISA strains. None of the isolates contained the mecC, vanB, or vanC genes. Among the 10 (3.7%) linezolid-resistant isolates, none contained the cfr gene. Conclusions: The results of this study demonstrated a high prevalence of MRSA isolates, which can lead to treatment failure with beta-lactam antibiotics. The emergence and spread of VRSA and VISA isolates pose a serious concern for the healthcare system, particularly in the treatment of MRSA infections. Therefore, the findings emphasize the need for appropriate monitoring and control measures to prevent the emergence and transmission of MRSA and VRSA strains. Vancomycin and linezolid remain suitable drugs for treating these infections.
Transverse plate floors design recommendations in fatigue scenario for alternative configurations in Panamax container ships
Authors: Fuentetaja Merino Mario , Herreros Sierra Miguel Ángel , Silva Campillo Arturo
Published: June 2024

The objective of the survey is to evaluate within the field of structural fatigue behavior, various alternative configurations of transverse plate floors in Panamax container ships. Analysis purpose could be within the current regulatory framework, a possible contribution of recommendations in the development standards for the design of this type of structures in one of the vessels with the greatest presence in the international market. The recommendations and possible alternative designs are analyzed through numerical simulations with “Ansys” software and real scale tests. The aim is to understand the fatigue behavior of these alternative designs in the face of axial stress and bending scenarios. The development has been structured mainly in two stages. First stage: once the permissible limits have been established by the regulatory framework, we establish a set of alternative designs for the enveloping structure of the transverse plate floors which is made up of the longitudinal, bottom, double bottom and side girders. Second stage: to establish a set of alternative transverse plate floors corresponding to each of the enveloping structures generated in the previous stage, and proceed with the study of all these alternative designs. All the proposed alternatives, a large amount of data and alternative sections has been obtained through numerical simulations with “Ansys” software. In principle some of them show according with simulations interesting structural properties and better behavior in fatigue scenarios with respect to the initial typical distribution
Autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model as a tool for predicting accidents in the maritime domain: The case of the galician fishing fleet
Authors: Sánchez Girón Javier Ramón , Fernández Theotonio Álvaro , Campa Portela Rosa Mary de la , López López María Natividad
Published: June 2024

The Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model has proven to be a powerful statistical prediction technique due to its simplicity and wide acceptance. Its main application lies within the realms of economics and social sciences, although not limited to these. This study explores its utilization in the context of maritime safety within the Galician fishing fleet. Specifically, its application is proposed for predicting the vessels involved in accidents quarterly index.
The Galician fishing environment, of significant socioeconomic relevance to the region, is affected by serious accidents compromising its sustainability. The vessels involved in accidents index, derived from investigation reports by the Maritime Accident Investigation Commission (CIAIM) and fleet data collected by the European Fishing Vessel Register, depicts the annual evolution of these accidents in relation to the decreasing fishing capacity of the fleet. Analysis of quarterly values for the period between 2011 and 2021 indicates that accidents are recurrent and persistent in nature.
Using the proposed ARIMA model, index values for the quarters of 2022 were forecasted and the model's effectiveness was validated by comparing the obtained results with actual observed data.
The outcomes support the utility of ARIMA model as a tool for predicting maritime accidents and pave the way for future research in the field of safety. In the studied case, this predictive capacity supports proactive safety management on board while providing a solid foundation for the adoption of preventive initiatives in both public and private sectors within the industry.
Talking About Religion in Public
Authors: Hostetler Michael J. ,   Religious Communication Association
Published: June 2024

This paper addresses the perennial issue of the role of religious argument in public political debates by proposing “critical distance,” defined as an act of rhetorical imagination that creates a space where both speaker and audience may critique and interrogate the comprehensive worldview of the speaker, as a rhetorical construct useful for both communication and criticism. A careful reading of selected examples of religious rhetoric in public political forums reveals the nature of critical distance. This article isolates three examples from American public address that reveal particular forms of critical distance. In these instances, critical distance presents itself as conditional language, as descriptive language, and finally, in the form of humor. Furthermore, critical distance commends itself to religious communicators, not merely as a liberal pragmatic value, but as a rhetorical norm that can be found in religious discourse itself.
Transformación Contable: El impacto de la inteligencia artificial en la eficiencia de los procesos de análisis de costos
Authors: Juca Maldonado Fernando , Carchi Arias Kenia Lizezrh , Rosales Muñoz Camila
Published: June 2024

Este estudio evaluó el impacto de la Inteligencia Artificial (IA) en la eficiencia de los procesos de análisis de costos en contabilidad. Se investigó cómo distintas plataformas de IA —ChatGPT, Claude, y Bing/Copilot— afectan la operatividad y la toma de decisiones estratégicas, midiendo variables como el tiempo de respuesta, la tasa de error y la facilidad de uso mediante un enfoque cuasi-experimental. Se combinaron métodos cualitativos y cuantitativos para evaluar el rendimiento de las plataformas usando un conjunto estandarizado de ejercicios de análisis de costos. Los resultados mostraron variaciones significativas en la eficacia entre las plataformas, destacando diferencias en precisión y velocidad de respuesta. Aunque todas las plataformas demostraron potencial para optimizar la eficiencia, también se identificaron desafíos en precisión de datos e interpretación de resultados complejos. Las conclusiones enfatizan la importancia de seleccionar adecuadamente la plataforma de IA para análisis de costos y resaltan la necesidad de complementar la inteligencia artificial con intervención humana en la interpretación y aplicación de los resultados para decisiones contables y empresariales. Este estudio aporta al conocimiento existente comparando el rendimiento de tecnologías de IA y sugiriendo áreas para futuras investigaciones en prácticas contables.
Abstract 
This study evaluated the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on the efficiency of cost analysis processes in accounting. It investigated how different AI platforms—ChatGPT, Claude, and Bing/Copilot—affect operational efficiency and strategic decision-making, measuring variables such as response time, error rate, and usability through a quasi-experimental approach. Qualitative and quantitative methods were combined to assess the performance of the platforms using a standardized set of cost analysis exercises. The results showed significant variations in efficacy among the platforms, highlighting differences in analytical precision and response speed. Although all platforms demonstrated potential for optimizing efficiency, challenges were also identified in data accuracy and the interpretation of complex results. The conclusions emphasize the importance of selecting the appropriate AI platform for cost analysis and highlight the need for human intelligence to complement AI in interpreting and applying results for accounting and business decisions. This study contributes to existing knowledge by comparing the performance of selected AI technologies and suggesting areas for future research in accounting practices.
Kewywords: artificial intelligence, cost analysis, accounting efficiency, AI platforms, accounting processes
Revision of the genus Porcellionides Miers, 1877 (Isopoda: Porcellionidae) in the Ibero-Balearic region
Authors: Cifuentes Julio , Da Silva Luís P.
Published: June 2024

Until now, the genus Porcelliniodes Miers, 1877 is represented in the Ibero-Balearic region by seven species. The study of 721 specimens from Portugal and Spain has led to the identification of 11 species, including poorly known species, and the description of a new species, Porcellionides ibericus sp. nov. This new species is characterized by the absence of transverse ridges on the pereonites, medium-sized lateral lobes on the cephalon, the pleon slightly retracted in relation to the pereon, pereopods without sexual differentiation, and a truncated posterior inner tip in the male pleopod I. We consider P. glaber (Koch, 1856), P. hispanus (Vandel, 1953), P. lucasioides (Vandel, 1953), P. lusitanus (Vandel, 1946), and P. molleri (Verhoeff, 1901) as valid species, while P. buddelundi (Verhoeff, 1901) and P. rufocinctus (Dollfus, 1892) are considered species inquirendae. Five species are recorded for the first time in some Portuguese districts and seven in some Spanish provinces.
ADVANCEMENTS IN THERANOSTICS: NUCLEAR MEDICINE'S ROLE IN PRECISION MEDICINE
Authors: S Radhakrishnan.
Published: June 2024

Nuclear medicine, at the forefront of medical innovation, captivates with its use of radioactive substances to diagnose and treat diverse conditions. Advanced technologies, like gamma cameras and PET scanners, create intricate molecular-level images, unveiling internal structures’ secrets. At its core is the precision choreography of radio pharmaceutical administration, painting dynamic visualizations for early disease detection. Focused on diagnosing cancer, heart disorders, and neurological conditions, nuclear medicine excels, offering unparalleled precision for swift and comprehensive understanding. Beyond diagnosis, it orchestrates therapeutic symphonies, employing radioactive substances for unprecedentedly precise targeted therapies. This heralds a revolutionary cadence in healthcare—not just treatments but personalized finely tuned interventions. As a bridge between anatomy intricacies and functional dynamics, nuclear medicine transform healthcare. It’s not solely about accurate diagnoses but a visionary leap into tailored interventions, marking a profound evolution in the melody of patient care
METABOLIC DISPOSITION OF BIOACTIVE AGENTS
Authors: Chanchal Dilip Kumar , Sharma Prof. (Dr.) Satish Kumar , Mittal Nidhi , Khan Shahbaz
Published: June 2024

This chapter provides a concise overview of the metabolic disposition of bioactive agents, including pharmaceuticals, natural compounds, and dietary supplements. We delve into the fundamentals of metabolism, its role in drug development, personalized medicine, and the impact of metabolic disorders. Key concepts and case studies are highlighted to underscore the importance of understanding metabolic pathways in the context of human health and therapeutics
FUTURISTIC TRENDS IN PHARMACY AND NURSING
Authors: Chauhan Rahul , Verma Shweta
Published: June 2024

The part starts by showing the back and forth movement and future circumstance associated with pharmacy practice research. This part then, establishes the right groundwork by discussing issues that are fitting for preparing research. These issues are changes in people economics; changes in advancement, the occupation of the pharmacy as an association, and buyer direct; as well as changes in the pharmacy calling. It furthermore approaches the massive changes in pharmacy practice research, which consolidate interprofessional composed exertion and joint effort with patients, portraying and assessing aftereffects of intercessions as well as patients' social assortment. It closes by making us notice ways of thinking that would be most commonly used in future pharmacy practice research. A part addressing things to come foundational hardships could be the ascent of huge and complex enlightening assortments, overseeing electronic prosperity records, and pharmacy practice experts' gathering of a pile of mixed strategies. Informatization and the requirement for data in the clinical field have basically filled in this significant stretch. The justification behind Informatization hopes to design clinical orderlies, as well as to benefit from organizing PC development into customary practice. It is major to consolidate thoughts associated with the gig of PC development in clinical practice into the future fundamental orderly arrangement instructive projects. I referred to a couple of portrayal structures in nursing, they are especially significant while creating and taking care of informational indexes in nursing, to work with the depiction and assessment of nursing practices (Overall Clinical for Specialists Practice, North American Nursing Finding Connection, Nursing Intercessions Request, Nursing Results Gathering, and Clinical Thought Game plan). The investigate the future will be the utilization of telemedicine and telenursing, to trade data starting with one spot and afterward onto not permanently set up to cultivate the patient's ailment moreover. Clinical guardians can in like manner get to the patient's electronic prosperity records, and give the patients' clinical benefits information and guidance materials. In that limit, clinical chaperons ought to be maintained by astonishing electronic prosperity records and various headways. Eventually, information development isn't a fix, yet it will offer this calling a remarkable faster cutoff concerning the creation and spread of novel proof now the sustaining space. The short exhibition of the supporting phrasings in nursing practice has presented a more essential proportion of the data on the central's contraptions, involved by clinical watchmen in their work
RADIOPHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
Authors: Diksha Miss , Kumar Dr. Prevesh , Verma Dr. Navneet , Verma Dr. Shweta , Husain Zaira
Published: June 2024

The Federal Register of the USA initially described radiopharmaceuticals as radioactive agents—natural substances based on carbon (14C) and potassium (40K)—or biological products that include unstable nuclei that may spontaneously decay and release photons or nuclear particles. In 1960 at the University Of Southern California (USC), USA the demand for the radio labeled drugs has been established, and radiopharmaceutical agents have become the first specialty. Radiopharmaceuticals are those pharmaceutical preparations that contain radioactive materials (radioisotope and compounds tagged with radioisotopes) and are used for either treatment or diagnosis. The radiation effect is the desired properties for the radiopharmaceuticals used for therapeutically. In this chapter the various pharmaceutical applications of radiopharmaceuticals have been describes such as in bone metastasis, in the treatment of hyperthyroidism and thyroid cancer, in neuroendocrine treatment, and myeloeproliferative diseases
IN-VITRO ANTI-DIABETIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF BOUGAINVILLEA SPECTABILIS LEAVES
Authors: Raju M. Ganga , V N V L Suvarchala Reddy , Harika Bairi , Roshni Benadict Jeslina , Kaveri Gaddam
Published: June 2024

Diabetes is a complex illness, as is well recognized. Diabetes (Type II) therapy is challenging because of the disease's underlying pathophysiological components. Diabetes has several consequences, including post-prandial hyperglycemia (PPHG). Glucosidase inhibitors, particularly alpha-amylase inhibitors, are a class of compounds that help manage PPHG. The goal of the current investigation was to ascertain the in vitro anti-diabetic and antioxidant activity of Bougainvillea spectabilis (Nyctanginaceae), which is a widely grown ornamental plant. From leaves, successive methanolic extracts were made. A methanolic extract's in vitro antioxidant activity of Bougainvillea spectabilis leaves was determined by hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and ferrous-reducing antioxidant capacity assays. Plasma proteins and collagen are only two examples of the structural and functional proteins that can get glycated when blood glucose levels are elevated. Proteins may fragment, nitrous acid and lipids may be oxidized as a result of free radicals created from glycation. The present review shows that the methanolic extract of leaves of Bougainvillea spectabilis exhibited significant anti-diabetic and antioxidant activity, which is comparable to known standards
TELEPHARMACY RESOLUTION: EMBRACING THE DIGITAL FRONTIER IN PHARMACY SERVICES
Authors: M Dr. Madhu , Babu Dr. Chandana
Published: June 2024

Telepharmacy, a specialized domain of telemedicine, has emerged as a transformative solution for delivering pharmaceutical treatments remotely. This paper explores the various facets of telepharmacy, highlighting its significance in bridging gaps in healthcare accessibility, particularly in underserved and rural areas. The paper delves into the different types of telepharmacy services, including remote dispensing, clinical support, and medication counselling, elucidating how these services benefit patients and healthcare providers alike. The successful implementation of telepharmacy heavily relies on technology and infrastructure. The use of telecommunications, video conferencing, electronic health records (EHR) systems, medication dispensing devices, and secure communication platforms ensures seamless interactions between pharmacists and patients. Additionally, wearable technology and remote monitoring devices play a crucial role in monitoring patients' medical conditions and optimizing pharmaceutical regimens. The paper also addresses the legal and regulatory considerations for telepharmacy services, while telepharmacy offers numerous advantages, such as increased healthcare accessibility, improved medication adherence, and reduced healthcare costs, it does have limitations, such as the lack of physical examinations, privacy concerns, and technical limitations. The future of telepharmacy is promising, with potential advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) integration, virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and blockchain technology for data security. Additionally, the expansion of telepharmacy services to developing regions holds the potential to address healthcare inequities.
AN OVERVIEW ON REDOX TITRATIONS
Authors: Jahan Iram , Hak Jiyaul , Farooqui Dr. Nasiruddin Ahmad
Published: June 2024

Redox reactions occur when both oxidation and reduction take place simultaneously, meaning electrons are transferred from one species to another. In such reactions, there is always a species that gets oxidized and a species that gets reduced, and this exchange of electrons drives the overall chemical transformation. Redox titrations are a type of analytical technique used to determine the concentration of a substance (the analyte) by measuring the quantity of electrons transferred during a redox reaction. Oxidation is a chemical reaction where a substance loses electrons, leading to an increase in its oxidation state. Oxidation can also be defined as the process in which a chemical species loses its "reducing power" or its ability to donate electrons to other substances. Oxidation reactions are often associated with the release of energy, and they are crucial for processes like cellular respiration, where glucose is oxidized to produce energy in the form of ATP. In summary, oxidation and reduction are two complementary processes that involve the transfer of electrons between chemical species, and they are central to numerous natural and industrial processes in the world around us.
NURSING AND MIDWIFERY PRACTICES
Authors: Sabita Kalita Sabita x
Published: June 2024

Nursing services has been evolving with growing demands of new era from basic care to independent nurse practitioner in both hospital and community areas. The practice of midwifery is imprinted from the Palaeolithic era, where pregnancy and childbirth is challenging and life threatening to women. Women supported themselves during childbirth based on knowledge and skills they learned from their elders and observing other mammals. Now midwifery has come a long way since its origin. At present a midwife is a professional who is trained with competent knowledge and skilled in advance techniques to provide obstetric and gynaecological services including prenatal and postpartum care, obstetric care, routine gynaecological care, contraceptive care and newborn care
POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME (PCOS) AND ITS HEALTH CARE STRATEGIES
Authors: Devi Sanasam Birjeni
Published: June 2024

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by elevated levels of the male hormone called androgen. This condition is named after the presence of multiple small fluid-filled cysts in the ovaries. PCOS affects approximately 5-18% of reproductive women and has lifelong implications on reproductive, metabolic, and psychological well-being. While the exact cause of PCOS remains unknown, it is believed to have genetic and epigenetic components. According to the Rotterdam criteria established in 2003, PCOS is diagnosed when at least two of the following criteria are met: hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovaries. Women with PCOS are at an increased risk of developing serious health problems such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and even uterine cancer. Additionally, they often face challenges in conceiving, leading to infertility. Medical management of PCOS involves addressing irregular menstruation, treating hirsutism, managing infertility, and addressing insulin resistance. Treatment options may include lifestyle modifications (e.g., dietary changes, exercise, yoga, and stress management) or medication. PCOS is a chronic condition that significantly impacts both health and economic well-being. However, certain symptoms can be mitigated through lifestyle modifications and appropriate medical interventions.
CARBON NANOTUBES: ADVANCEMENTS, PROPERTIES, AND PROMISING FUTURES
Authors: K Pavithra , V Manimaran , K Sandhanam , T Tamilanban
Published: June 2024

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have acquired significant interest as drug delivery systems in healthcare due to their unique structural characteristics and physicochemical properties. One of the most significant benefits of using CNTs as drug carriers is their ability to enable targeted drug delivery through efficient cellular uptake mechanisms and improved drug delivery techniques. This makes CNTs a promising option for delivering drugs precisely where they are needed in the body. CNTs can either encapsulate drugs within their cores or firmly attach them to their surfaces, surpassing the constraints associated with traditional drug delivery approaches. The versatility of CNTs extends beyond drug delivery, with potential applications in various biomedical fields. These nanotubes hold promise in diagnostics, imaging, tissue engineering, and even gene therapy. However, a comprehensive understanding of CNT's biological behaviour and safety is necessary before their widespread clinical use. Research focusing on their interactions, toxicity, and environmental impact is crucial. CNTs have the potential to revolutionize drug delivery and find applications in various biomedical fields. This chapter provides insights into the structural characteristics, physicochemical properties, and biomedical applications of CNTs in drug delivery. Furthermore, this chapter underscores the importance of future research endeavors to advance CNT-based medicine. As scientists continuously explore the vast potential of CNTs, they hold the key to transforming various industries and driving significant progress in science and technology. Notably, this chapter delves into the potential of CNTs as cutting-edge drug delivery systems in healthcare
MONITORING LAND USE LAND COVER DYNAMICS USING GEOSPATIAL TECHNIQUES: A MULTI-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS APPROACH
Authors: Reddy Pothu Siva Kumar , Kottala Raghu Babu , Kumar Badapalli Pradeep
Published: June 2024

This research emphasizes the utilization of Landsat 7 ETM+ and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS satellite data to analyze the dynamic changes in Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) from 2012 to 2022. The supervised classification technique is employed to prepare a comprehensive LULC map.Results show significant shifts in LULC categories. Water bodies increase by 10.01%, reflecting changes in precipitation patterns and land management practices. Fallow lands decrease by -26.69%, indicating reduced uncultivated areas. Moisture soils decline by -15.28%, affecting water regulation and biodiversity. Vegetation increases by 3.87%, highlighting the expansion of green cover. Cultivated lands see a significant increase of 28.09%, driven by population growth and agricultural demands.These findings provide valuable insights into the dynamic nature of LULC changes, aiding land management and environmental planning. Understanding these LULC changes is essential for making well-informed decisions, managing land sustainably, and achieving a balance between environmental protection and economic growth. Effective policies are required to reduce negative effects, preserve biodiversity, safeguard water supplies, protect ecosystems, and encourage sustainable agriculture. This work adds to our understanding of LULC dynamics and will help future land management and conservation initiatives in the study region
GROUNDWATER EXPLORATION IN FRACTURED CHARNOCKITE FORMATION FOR IRRIGATION AT ALANGULAM, TAMILNADU, INDIA
Authors: A Antony Alosanai Promilton , A Antony Ravindran , J Mohamed Afzal , Muthusamy S. , R Abinaya
Published: June 2024

The present study focuses on subsurface geology as well as Groundwater present at deeper depth in hard rock terrain. The AMT-Audio Magneto-telluric method is adopted for the groundwater exploration. The equal interval depth of 5m upto 300m depth is scanned by ADMT-300S instrument. The 2D image generated as output from the collected data using Aidu Prospecting software showing resistivity variations in the study area demarcating the subsurface geology and fractures present. The low, medium and high resistivity values are indicated as fractures, water zone and hard rock formation. The bore well was drilled in 2 locations, which are utilized for comparing the subsurface lithology and fracture zone present along with AMT data for confirmation. Moreover the study area has deeper aquifer in all locations with considerable amount of water present in it for irrigation purpose
COUPLED MAP LATTICE MODEL FOR EDWARDS-WILKINSON GROWTH CLASS
Authors: M Pratik , Gaiki Mr , Gade Prashant M.
Published: June 2024

We present a coupled map lattice model using coupled diffusive maps. We study coupled map lattice with a non-linear coupling to neighbors. We observe a power-law growth in roughness with time followed by saturation. We carry out standard finite-size scaling analysis. We observe standard scaling corresponding to Edwards-Wilkinson class. We also find persistence exponents in this case
BIOMASS AS A FUTURE GREEN RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCE : CHALLENGES AND OPPURTUNITIES
Authors: Israni Dr. Rekha
Published: June 2024

Sustainable development in India for economic development ,energy security ,mitigating climate change and global economy can be enhanced by deploying renewable energy resources in India. In today’s era fossil fuels are replaced by renewable energy resources to meet out environmental challenges. Biomass is the most commonly utilized energy resource
FUTURISTIC TRENDS IN SOLAR ENERGY
Authors: Sashikala Dr. S. , Arunadevi Dr. R. , Ajitha Dr. P.
Published: June 2024

The increase in the energy demand and how we are going to supply it is one of the world's major issues and challenges. Thus, the set of resources and changes in non-fuel sources of the energy system (i.e., wind, solar) become more prominent with the progress of the energy transition. Those fuels are different from fossil in two fundamental aspects: they are abundant, not scarce, but its instantaneous availability is limited, instead of being dispatched on demand. Through the use of photovoltaic panels or concentrated solar power, the solar energy system directly or indirectly transforms solar energy into electrical energy. The future of Solar energy is promising as solar becomes more efficient, bringing with it innovation and the latest trends in solar technology. New chip technology, micro-inverters, and improvements to solar tech products are promising better and more efficient solar ideas. And looking to the future, groundbreaking technologies for building materials are on the horizon. This chapter explores the futuristic trends in solar energy, highlighting key innovations, emerging technologies, and their potential to reshape the energy landscape
PLANTMASS MEDIATED SYNTHESIS OF METAL TUNGSTATE NANOPARTICLES: A SHOT REVIEW ON ITS SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND PHOTOCATALYTIC APPLICATIONS
Authors: Karthiga R. , Karthikarani S. , Pandimeen T.
Published: June 2024

Recently, metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs) have been shown to have substantial commercial potential. The intrinsic qualities of nanomaterials, such as their exact size, shape, composition, increased surface-to-volume ratio, and purity of individual components, make them intriguingly adaptable materials. This paper presents a full explanation of contemporary green synthesis research that is more advantageous than traditional chemical synthesis in terms of cost, pollution reduction, and environmental and human health safety. In particular, the role of Tunstate nanoparticles (NPs) as photocatalysts has gained great interest because of their potential electronic structural configuration, light absorption capabilities, and charge transport characteristics. Plant-based green technologies have been created for the production of nanoparticles because to the high concentration of hazardous substances and the harsh conditions utilised in chemical and physical processes. The definition of metal oxides as photocatalysts, their structural characteristics, the prerequisites for photocatalysts, the classification of photocatalysts, and the mechanism of the photocatalyst are all covered in this article. The diverse life on our planet is in grave risk from water contamination caused by many substances like metal ions, textile dyes, medical waste, other residential activities, and industrial operations. Numerous methods are used for purifying water that is contaminated, notably adsorption, ion exchange, flotation, coagulation-flocculation, electrochemical precipitation, chemical precipitation, and reverse osmosis. The development of new and improved processes that boost the effectiveness of water treatment depends significantly on nanotechnology. Since oxides of metals act as a diverse group of nanomaterials, extensive research is being done to figure out them and use them to purify contaminated water of contaminants. This review studies photocatalytic wastewater treatment using different metal oxide nanoparticles. The influence of several particular characteristics such as the catalyst synthesis technique, the starting dye concentration, the quantity of nanocatalyst needed for degradation, the initial pH of the dye solution, the kind of light source employed, and the exposure period. Special emphasis was given to the light required to remove the dye. Based on a preliminary study of the extant literature, some broad findings were reached. The study compares suspended and supported catalysts in-depth, discusses their general/specific requirements, key factors affecting degradation, and performance evaluation methods. In order to attain increased removal effectiveness in an efficient fashion, several appropriate test conditions must be adopted to breakdown these resistant dyes. Future research directions are also given.
THE TRANSFORMATIVE ROLE OF AI IN AGRICULTURE: REVOLUTIONIZING FARMING PRACTICES AND SUSTAINABILITY
Authors: Boora Nisha , Ahalawat Navjeet
Published: June 2024

By 2050, the global population is projected to exceed 9 billion. To meet the growing demand, an increase in agricultural and food production by 70% will be required. The traditional methods that are used by the farmers are not sufficient to fulfil the need at the current stage. The agricultural industry faces numerous challenges, including the need to increase productivity, optimize resource utilization, and ensure sustainable practices. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has emerged as a revolutionary technology that provides answers to these challenges. The chapter delves into specific applications of AI in agriculture, including precision agriculture, crop monitoring and management, soil analysis and management, irrigation optimization, agricultural robotics, supply chain management, and decision support systems. It highlights the benefits of AI in enhancing efficiency, productivity, resource optimization, and decision-making in agriculture. Additionally, the chapter addresses the challenges and limitations associated with AI adoption in agriculture, such as data collection and standardization, data privacy and security, ethical considerations, and technical reliability. It concludes by emphasizing the potential of AI to revolutionize the agricultural sector and contribute to market competitiveness, food security, and sustainable farming practices.
BATTERIES:THE RENEWABLE ENERGY STORAGE BOTTLENECK
Authors: Sharma Muskan
Published: June 2024

Carbon emissions are rising as a result of urbanization and a rapid increase of population rise, which causes climate change and global warming. The power sector is switching to alternative energy sources including solar power, wind power, and battery power-storage systems (BPSS), among others, due to an increase in the use of fossil fuels and their shortage. BESS is viewed as a potential solution to the global warming issue since it has some benefits over conventional energy sources, such as quick and consistent reaction, flexibility, friendly to the environment. An in-depth analysis of the battery energy-storage system is provided in this chapter. Theoretically having a substantially higher energy density than lithium-ion batteries, metal-air batteries are commonly promoted as a next-generation electrochemical energy storage option for grid energy storage or electric car applications.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES FOR SOLAR ENERGY PROJECTS IN INDIA
Authors: Kakkar Ms. Kritika , Nirban Ms. Sadhana
Published: June 2024

Solar energy has emerged as a significant renewable energy source in India, playing a pivotal role in the country's sustainable development. While solar projects offer numerous environmental benefits, they are not entirely devoid of ecological impacts. This chapter aims to explore the environmental effects of solar energy projects in India and propose effective mitigation strategies. The study utilizes a comprehensive review of literature, data analysis, and case studies to assess the current state of solar energy-related environmental impacts and identify viable solutions for minimizing their ecological footprints.
GUT INFECTION CAUSED DUE TO VIRAL MICROBIOTA
Authors: Gaur Mr. Vivek , Singh mresh Kr. , Kumar Ankur
Published: June 2024

Human gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem with several functions integrated in the host organism (metabolic, immune, nutrients, absorption etc.) Human microbiota is composed by bacteria, yeasts, fungi and, last but not least, viruses, whose structure, composition, nature, pathogenic role and immunological and genetic predisposition have not been completely described. Among these, majority of the microbiota resides in the gastrointestinal tract and plays an important role in health and diseases in human. According to medical literature on pathogenicity of viruses, the human GI tract harbors bacteriophages and viruses derived from plant. New metagenomics methods have enabled the reconstruction of whole viral genomes from the genetic constituent distributed in the human GI tract, shedding light to understand the composition of gut virome and it’s possible therapeutic applications. This chapter summarize the most recent evidence on the composition and nature of gut “virome”, also its potentials pathological and future therapeutic uses in human health, diseases, and it’s an attempts to clarify the role of the gut "virome" in the larger microbial ecosystem.