bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A importância da lavanderia no controle da infecção em um hospital de pequeno porte
Authors: Marques Carlos Silva , Araújo Cleide Calado de , Branco Elisangela Sousa
Published: May 2016

Dentre a estrutura organizacional de uma instituição de saúde, a lavanderia hospitalar é um dos principais serviços de apoio ao atendimento dos pacientes, na qual é responsável pelo processamento da roupa e sua distribuição em perfeitas condições de higiene e conservação. Um bom sistema de processamento da roupa é fator de redução das infecções hospitalares e impactos ambientais. É de grande importância o estudo dos fatores que propiciam e acometem os pacientes de uma unidade hospitalar perante as infecções adquiridas neste meio, para que se possa obter indicadores para possíveis controles. Este estudo foi realizado através de levantamento bibliográfico de artigos científicos. Trata da determinação de diretrizes e parâmetros para orientar a contratação dos Serviços de Lavanderia Hospitalar, para processamento de roupas e tecidos em geral em todas as suas etapas, desde sua utilização até seu retorno em perfeitas condições de reutilização, sob situações higiênico-sanitárias adequadas, mediante a operacionalização e execução de todas as atividades. A legislação pertinente à lavanderia está condicionada ao Manual de Lavanderia Hospitalar do Ministério da Saúde e suas atualizações, que é um trabalho com uma série de instrumentos normativos elaborados com a finalidade de atender aos seguintes requisitos tais como: controle das infecções; recuperação, conforto e segurança do paciente; facilidade, segurança e conforto da equipe de trabalho; racionalização de tempo e material; redução dos custos operacionais. Esse manual engloba as rotinas e as técnicas, ou métodos administrativos empregados na realização deste trabalho.Palavras-Chaves: Lavanderia Hospitalar, Infecção Hospitalar, Processamento de Roupas.
Desafios da acreditação em um hospital da rede FHEMIG
Authors: Silva Kênia Lara , Martins Diego Resende , Rates Emiza , Senra Thereza , Almeida Caroline , Mourão Rafael
Published: May 2016

A gestão de qualidade em instituições de saúde é imprescindível para a sustentabilidade das mesmas. A temática está presente no setor privado de saúde de forma intensa, determinada pela competição entre as empresas. Contudo, as instituições públicas também têm investido em melhoria de qualidade, em resposta a movimentos de racionalização de custos e, ao mesmo tempo, de ampliação da noção de segurança e direitos dos usuários. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar as potencialidades e dificuldades no processo de implantação e gestão do Sistema de Gestão da Qualidade de um hospital da Rede FHEMIG. Entre as potencialidades para a implantação do Sistema de qualidade nesta instituição pode-se citar o grande envolvimento da gerência administrativa e a democratização das relações hierárquicas permitindo a participação das diferentes gerências no processo. Cita-se também o apoio do nível central da FHEMIG e a consolidação do Escritório da Qualidade. Em relação aos desafios, podem ser apontados a dificuldade dos trabalhadores incorporaram o uso das ferramentas no seu cotidiano de trabalho e os processos específicos inerentes à uma instituição pública tais como a burocracia para mudanças estruturais. Conclui-se que a definição político-institucional assumida pela FHEMIG foi imprescindível para a melhoria da qualidade no Hospital e tem permitido a reorganização dos processos de trabalho.
Users’ perception of decision-usefulness of corporate environmental reports
Authors: Nasiema Kamala Peter
Published: May 2016

This article aims to investigate the users’ perception of decision-usefulness of environmental reports produced by listed South African companies. The results of this questionnaire survey indicate that the users do read environmental reports, and that they employ the reports for making various decisions for various purposes such as education or research, own knowledge and to hold companies accountable. In addition, environmental reports are also used, to a lesser extent, to decide whether or not to; buy a company’s products, invest or disinvest from a company, partner with a company, support or launch action against a company. The results further indicate that users generally perceive environmental reports to be useful for the purpose which they were used, as most users perceive them to be understandable and relevant, and to a lesser extent reliable, timely, verifiable and comparable. The results also reveal that most users are not satisfied with the decision-usefulness of the environmental reports. They thus provide various suggestions for improvement of the reports, most of which focus on the reliability and relevance of the reports. Taken together, the results indicate that users perceive the environmental reports produced by listed South Africa companies to be decision-useful, however there is a need for improvement of the reports particularly regarding their reliability
Relevance of corporate environmental reports produced by listed South African companies
Authors: Nasiema Kamala Peter
Published: May 2016

The broad aim of this research is to assess the relevance of environmental reports produced by the Top 100 listed South African (T100LSA) companies. The study is motivated by a lack of research on the relevance of environmental reports in South Africa, given the dramatic increase in the number of companies producing these reports as well as the expansion of the volumes of the reports produced. A content analysis of environmental reports contained in the Integrated Annual Reports (IARs), sustainability reports and companies’ corporate websites is conducted using a control list. The findings of the study reveal that in general, the environmental reports produced by the T100LSA companies are relevant as most companies have disclosed how they select stakeholders for engagement, their methods of engagement, engagement process and outcomes and how content reported on is selected. In addition, the companies have disclosed how they address and respond to key stakeholders’ concerns as well as their initiatives to encourage stakeholders to participate in the companies’ activities. Furthermore the companies disclose their general performance indicators. However, there is a need for improvement in the disclosure of metric to quantify the effectiveness of the stakeholder engagement and reference to GRI sector specific indicators when selecting content to report on. More importantly, there is a need to improve on the use of on-line features to enhance relevance of the reports such as encouraging users to be part of the writing process by enabling them to edit, analyze and share the reported information, and tracking their use of on-line reports
Glutathione S-Transferase Gene Polymorphisms in Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia
Authors: Abdel Ghany Eman Abdel Ghany , Hussain Nouran Fahmy , Botros Shahira Kamal Anis
Published: May 2016

Background

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a polymorphic superfamily of multifunctional enzymes known to play an important role in the detoxification of several substances. GSTM1 and GSTT1 are present in the liver in relatively high levels. Polymorphisms of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes may affect ligandin functions that are important in bilirubin transportation.

Objective

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene polymorphisms as risk factors for neonatal jaundice.

Methods

This study was conducted on 72 neonates with pathologic hyperbilirubinemia (bilirubin >15 mg/dL) and 112 neonates with bilirubin level less than 15 mg/dL as a control group. GSTM1 and GSTT1 genotypes were assessed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction.

Results

GSTM1 null genotype was significantly higher in the patient compared with control groups ( P = 0.005; odds ratio = 2.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.29–4.55) and was significantly associated with higher bilirubin levels compared with the wild genotype ( P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the GSTT1 genotypes between the patient and the control groups. In the patient group, total bilirubin levels did not vary significantly among the null and wild GSTT1 genotypes ( P = 0.108).

Conclusions

Neonates with the GSTM1 null genotype are at high risk to develop pathologic hyperbilirubinemia and may have higher bilirubin levels.
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme DD Polymorphism is Associated with Poor Coronary Collateral Circulation in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Ceyhan Koksal , Kadi Hasan , Celik Atac , Burucu Turgay , Koc Fatih , Sogut Erkan , Sahin Semsettin , Onalan Orhan
Published: May 2016

Objectives

Although association between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism and cardiovascular diseases was reported by many studies, the relation between ACE I/D polymorphism and coronary collateral circulation (CCC) has not been studied yet. The aim of the present study was to investigate a possible relationship between ACE I/D polymorphism and CCC.

Methods

Patients who were subjected to coronary angiography in the 2006 to 2009 period and had at least a completely occluded major artery were included in this study. To classify collateral circulation, we used the Rentrop classification. Patients were classified as having poor CCC (Rentrop grades 0 to 1) or good CCC (Rentrop grades 2 to 3). Gene polymorphism was detected through the detailed melting curve analysis of polymerase chain reaction products after amplification using real-time polymerase chain reaction method and LightCycler 1.5 apparatus.

Results

We prospectively studied 113 patients who had at least 1 totally occluded major epicardial coronary artery. Forty-seven patients had poor CCC and 67 patients had good CCC. There were no differences among groups in age, sex, risk factors, lipid profile, uses of cardiovascular drugs, and number of diseased vessels. Plasma ACE levels were significantly higher in poor CCC group ( P < 0.001). The frequency of DD polymorphism was higher in the poor CCC group ( P < 0.001). In allele frequency, we found that the frequency of the D allele was higher in poor CCC group than in the good CCC group (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.16–7.38; P < 0.001). Multiple regression analysis with CCC development as the dependent variable revealed that the presence of total occlusion of the left circumflex artery (95% CI, 1.29–6.6; P = 0.001), ACE DD genotype (95% CI, 2.55–12.79; P = 0.001), presence of diabetes (95% CI, 1.03–3.16; P = 0.005), and pulse pressure (95% CI, 1.04–1.56; P = 0.045) were independent determinants of poor coronary collateral development.

Conclusions

This study showed that ACE DD polymorphism is associated with poor CCC. Poor collateral circulation in patients carrying the D allele may be associated with endothelial dysfunction and elevated blood ACE levels in these patients.
“The Many Languages of the Avant-Garde”: In conversation with Grzegorz Bral of Teatr Pieśń Kozła (Song of the Goat Theatre)
Authors: Sakowska Aleksandra
Published: May 2016

How to theorise and review avant-garde Shakespeare? Which theoretical paradigms should be applied when Shakespearean productions are multicultural and yet come from a specific locale? These and other many questions interrogating the language of performance in global avant-garde Shakespeare productions are put forward to Grzegorz Bral, the director of the Song of the Goat ensemble in the context of their evolving performance of Macbeth (2006/2008) and their Songs of Lear (2012).
Looking Back at the Audience: The RSC & The Wooster Group’s Troilus and Cressida (2012)
Authors: Mancewicz Aneta
Published: May 2016

The controversy around the RSC & The Wooster Group’s Troilus and Cressida (Stratford-upon-Avon 2012) among the spectators and critics in Britain revealed significant differences between the UK and the US patterns of staging, spectating, and reviewing Shakespeare. The production has also exposed the gap between mainstream and avant-garde performance practices in terms of artists’ assumptions and audiences’ expectations. Reviews and blog entries written by scholars, critics, practitioners, and anonymous theatre goers were particularly disapproving of The Wooster Group’s experimentation with language, non-psychological acting, the appropriation of Native American customs, and the overall approach to the play and the very process of stage production. These points of criticism have suggested a clear perception of a successful Shakespeare production in the mainstream British theatre: a staging that approaches the text as an autonomous universe guided by realistic rules, psychological principles, and immediate political concerns. If we assume, however, that Troilus and Cressida as a play relies on the dramaturgy of cultural differences and that it consciously reflects on the notion of spectatorship, the production’s transgression of mainstream patterns of staging and spectating brings it surprisingly close to the Shakespearean source.
Assessment of dual inhibitory activity of epifriedelanol isolated from Cayratia trifolia against ovarian cancer
Authors: Perumal Palanisamy Chella , Sowmya Sundaram , Velmurugan Devadasan , Sivaraman Thirunavukkarasu , Gopalakrishnan Velliyur Kanniappan
Published: May 2016

Cayratia trifolia is used as diuretic, in tumors, neuralgia and splenopathy. However, compounds depicting anti-ovarian cancer activities from this plant source have not yet been identified and structurally characterized till date. In the present study, X-ray structure of epifriedelanol, a bioactive compound, isolated from the ethanolic extract of the C. trifolia and its binding affinities against a few proteins (HER2, EGFR and CXCR4) that are reported to get overexpressed under ovarian cancer had been thoroughly studied by using molecular docking means. Binding affinities of the compound vis-à-vis that of carboplatin, a FDA approved drug to the ovarian cancer, to interact with the protein targets are quite impressive. The drug-likeness properties of the epifriedelanol and scope to develop the compound as a potent anti-ovarian cancer drug are discussed in this paper.

 
The Risk of Breast Cancer in Women Using Menopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy in Taiwan
Authors: Liu Jui-Yao , Chen Tzeng-Ji , Hwang Shinn-Jang
Published: May 2016

Menopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) increases the risk of breast cancer in Western countries; however, there are fewer reports from the Asian population, which has a lower incidence of breast cancer. A population-based retrospective cohort study was conducted by analyzing longitudinal National Health Insurance claim data of a 200,000-person national representative cohort. A total of 22,929 women aged ≥45 years in 1997 without previous diagnosis of breast cancer were enrolled and stratified into two birth cohorts born before or after 1933. HRT prescriptions were traced in outpatient data files and incident breast cancer cases were identified from 1997 to 2004. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze breast cancer hazard ratio (HR). HRT users were censored after they discontinued HRT. The results showed that women born during 1933–1952 had a twofold increased risk of breast cancer (HR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.47–3.00) compared with women born before 1933, when adjusted for HRT use. When adjusted for the birth-cohort difference, HRT users had significantly increased breast cancer HR versus non-users after four years of use (adjusted HR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.03–2.13); the HR further increased to 1.95 (95% CI = 1.34–2.84) after eight years of use. In conclusion, a longer duration of current HRT use was associated with a higher risk of breast cancer independent of the birth-cohort difference.
Identifying Ethical Issues in Mental Health Research with Minors Adolescents: Results of a Delphi Study
Authors: Hiriscau Elisabeta , Stingelin-Giles Nicola , Wasserman Danuta , Reiter-Theil Stella
Published: May 2016

Research with minors, especially for preventive purposes, e.g., suicide prevention, investigating risk or self-destructive behaviors such as deviance, drug abuse, or suicidal behavior, is ethically sensitive. We present a Delphi study exploring the ethical implications of the needs formulated by researchers in an international pre-conference who would benefit from ethics support and guidance in conducting Mental Health Research with minors. The resulting List of Ethical Issues (LEI) was submitted to a 2-rounds Delphi process via the Internet, including 34 multidisciplinary experts. In the first round, the experts reviewed the LEI and completed a questionnaire. Results from this round were analyzed and grouped in nine categories comprising 40 items. In the second round, the experts had to agree/disagree with the needs expressed in the LEI leading to a final list of 25 ethical issues considered relevant for Mental Health Research with minors such as: confidentiality of the sensitive data, competence for consenting alone and risk of harm and stigma related to the methodology used in research. It was shown that studies like SEYLE (Saving and Empowering Young Lives in Europe) trigger among researchers wishes to obtain specific recommendations helping to comply with standards for good practice in conducting research with minors.
A Primrose Path? Moderating Effects of Age and Gender in the Association between Green Space and Mental Health
Authors: Bos Elisabeth , Van der Meulen Leon , Wichers Marieke , Jeronimus Bertus
Published: May 2016

This paper explored whether the association between green space and mental health is moderated by age and gender. Questionnaires on psychopathology and quality of life were filled out by 4924 individuals from the general Dutch population and regressed on greenness levels. Green space was associated with better mental health, but only in specific age and gender groups, and only in a 3 km, not a 1 km buffer. The moderating effects of age and gender may be explained by whether or not people have the opportunity to make use of their green living environment.
The Influence of Pore Size on the Indentation Behavior of Metallic Nanoporous Materials: A Molecular Dynamics Study
Authors: Esqué-de los Ojos Daniel , Pellicer Eva , Sort Jordi
Published: May 2016

In general, the influence of pore size is not considered when determining the Young’s modulus of nanoporous materials. Here, we demonstrate that the pore size needs to be taken into account to properly assess the mechanical properties of these materials. Molecular dynamics simulations of spherical indentation experiments on single crystalline nanoporous Cu have been undertaken in systems with: (i) a constant degree of porosity and variable pore diameter; and (ii) a constant pore diameter and variable porosity degree. The classical Gibson and Ashby expression relating Young’s modulus with the relative density of the nanoporous metal is modified to include the influence of the pore size. The simulations reveal that, for a fixed porosity degree, the mechanical behavior of materials with smaller pores differs more significantly from the behavior of the bulk, fully dense counterpart. This effect is ascribed to the increase of the overall surface area as the pore size is reduced, together with the reduced coordination number of the atoms located at the pores edges.
Three-Parameter Interval Grey Number Multi-Attribute Decision Making Method Based on Information Entropy
Authors: Fu Sha
Published: May 2016

Aimed at the situation that the plan attribute value is a three-parameter interval grey number and that attribute weight is uncertain, a three-parameter interval grey number multi-attribute decision making method based on information entropy is proposed. In this study, we combine the three-parameter interval grey number decision-making problem with information entropy, build the distance entropy model of the three-parameter interval grey number, and provide a solution to the empowerment problem of the three-parameter interval grey number in grey decision-making problems. On this basis, we build the uncertainty decision making framework based on Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) thinking and obtain the comprehensive distances of plans from positive and negative ideal solutions through calculation. We thus determine the closeness, and, based on this value, organize these plans. Finally, we verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed methods through case analysis.
Thermoregulated Coacervation, Metal-Encapsulation and Nanoparticle Synthesis in Novel Triazine Dendrimers
Authors: Ramírez-Crescencio Fermín , Enciso Alan , Hasan Mirza , Da Costa Viviana , Annunziata Onofrio , Redón Rocío , Coffer Jeffery , Simanek Eric
Published: May 2016

The synthesis and solubility behaviors of four generation five (G5) triazine dendrimers are studied. While the underivatized cationic dendrimer is soluble in water, the acetylated and propanoylated derivatives undergo coacervation in water upon increasing temperature. Occurring around room temperature, this behavior is related to a liquid-liquid phase transition with a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) and is explained by differences in composition, notably, the hydrophobic nature of the terminal groups. Interestingly, the water solubility of the acetylated dendrimer is affected by the addition of selected metal ions. Titrating solutions of acetylated dendrimer at temperatures below the LCST with gold or palladium ions promoted precipitation, but platinum, iridium, and copper did not. Gold nanoparticles having diameters of 2.5 ± 0.8 nm can be obtained from solutions of the acetylated dendrimer at concentrations of gold less than that required to induce precipitation by treating the solution with sodium borohydride.
Antimicrobial Activity of Xanthohumol and Its Selected Structural Analogues
Authors: Stompor Monika , Żarowska Barbara
Published: May 2016

The objective of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of structural analogues of xanthohumol 1, a flavonoid compound found in hops (Humulus lupulus). The agar-diffusion method using filter paper disks was applied. Biological tests performed for selected strains of Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria, fungi (Alternaria sp.), and yeasts (Rhodotorula rubra, Candida albicans) revealed that compounds with at least one hydroxyl group—all of them have it at the C-4 position—demonstrated good activity. Our research showed that the strain S. aureus was more sensitive to chalcones than to the isomers in which the heterocyclic ring C is closed (flavanones). The strain R. rubra was moderately sensitive to only one compound: 4-hydroxy-4’-methoxychalcone 8. Loss of the hydroxyl group in the B-ring of 4’-methoxychalcones or its replacement by a halogen atom (−Cl, −Br), nitro group (−NO2), ethoxy group (−OCH2CH3), or aliphatic substituent (−CH3, −CH2CH3) resulted in the loss of antimicrobial activity towards both R. rubra yeast and S. aureus bacteria. Xanthohumol 1, naringenin 5, and chalconaringenin 7 inhibited growth of S. aureus, whereas 4-hydroxy-4′-methoxychalcone 8 was active towards two strains: S. aureus and R. rubra.
Inhibitors of the Hydrolytic Enzyme Dimethylarginine Dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH): Discovery, Synthesis and Development
Authors: Murphy Rhys , Tommasi Sara , Lewis Benjamin , Mangoni Arduino
Published: May 2016

Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) is a highly conserved hydrolytic enzyme found in numerous species, including bacteria, rodents, and humans. In humans, the DDAH-1 isoform is known to metabolize endogenous asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and monomethyl arginine (l-NMMA), with ADMA proposed to be a putative marker of cardiovascular disease. Current literature reports identify the DDAH family of enzymes as a potential therapeutic target in the regulation of nitric oxide (NO) production, mediated via its biochemical interaction with the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) family of enzymes. Increased DDAH expression and NO production have been linked to multiple pathological conditions, specifically, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and septic shock. As such, the discovery, chemical synthesis, and development of DDAH inhibitors as potential drug candidates represent a growing field of interest. This review article summarizes the current knowledge on DDAH inhibition and the derived pharmacokinetic parameters of the main DDAH inhibitors reported in the literature. Furthermore, current methods of development and chemical synthetic pathways are discussed.
THE EVOLUTION OF STANDARD SINGLE FAMILY HOUSES IN SOVIET LITHUANIA / TIPINIŲ VIENBUČIŲ GYVENAMŲJŲ NAMŲ RAIDA SOVIETINĖJE LIETUVOJE
Authors: Galaunytė Aistė
Published: May 2016

In soviet Lithuania standard single-family housing projects have been actively developed and constantly improved. It was possible to identify about 40 different standard housing projects in Lithuania’s rural areas in the early eighties. However, it was not an easy task for a family to build their own house. The construction was hampered by the lack of permanent materials and priority queues, according to which plots were distributed. Also one must take notice that the construction of single-family homes was totally prohibited in major cities. Before setting in the prohibition in the 60s, one could recognize standard housing exploiting traditional materials – brick, wood, as well as adapting architectural features of interwar housing. Meanwhile, the rural areas started to experiment with the design of industrially prefabricated homes. These attributes of, so far poorly, investigated typology are one of the components forming a standard single- family house in modern day Lithuania. The objective of the paper is to define the peculiarities of standard single-family housing development in the soviet era, with a focus on socio-political factors which determined the direction and attributes of a typical design.
Tipiniai vienbučių gyvenamųjų namų projektai sovietinėje Lietuvoje buvo aktyviai rengiami ir tobulinami. Devintojo dešimtmečio pradžioje Lietuvos kaimo vietovėse buvo galima identifikuoti apie 40 skirtingų tipinių namų projektų. Tačiau ne kiekvienas pilietis galėjo namą pagal tokį projektą pasistatyti. Statybas varžė nuolatinis medžiagų trūkumas, prioritetinės eilės, pagal kurią buvo dalijami sklypai, sudarymo sąlygos, galiausiai draudimas statyti vienbučius namus didžiuosiuose miestuose. Miestuose iki įsigaliojant statybos draudimui vyravo tradicinės statybos namai – mūriniai, mediniai, o jų raiška turėjo tarpukario architektūros bruožų. Tuo tarpu kaimo vietovėse imta eksperimentuoti projektuojant industrinius surenkamus namus. Šios, iki šiol menkai nagrinėtos, tipologijos bruožai yra viena iš dedamųjų, formuojančių šiuolaikinį tipinį gyvenamąjį namą Lietuvoje. Tiriamojo darbo tikslas – nustatyti tipinių vienbučių raidos savitumus sovietmečiu, atkreipiant dėmesį į kertinius socio-politinius veiksnius, nulėmusius tipinio projektavimo kryptis ir bruožus.
TERRITORY PLANNING PERSPECTIVE IN FLOOD-PRONE AREAS IN RIGA / TERITORINIO PLANAVIMO PERSPEKTYVOS POTVYNIŲ UŽLIEJAMUOSE RYGOS PLOTUOSE
Authors: Berzina Dace
Published: May 2016

The flood risk problems in Riga city due to global warming and climate change are studied based on the European experience incorporated in European and Latvian legislation. Amendment to the Protection Zone Law of Latvia is studied and compared with the likelihood of the flood risk and development possibilities in the flood risk zones. The study focuses on the case of the Vecdaugava River neighbourhood as the potential flood risk zone in Riga city.
Tiriamos potvynio rizikos Rygos mieste keliamos problemos, atsiradusios dėl globalinio atšilimo ir klimato pokyčių, remiantis Europos patirtimi, atspindėta Europos ir Latvijos įstatyminėje bazėje. Analizuojami Latvijos Respublikos apsaugos zonų įstatymo pakeitimai, potvynio rizikos galimybės tam tikrose zonose. Tyrimas skirtas nagrinėti Vecdaugavos upės atvejį kaip potencialią potvynių zoną Rygos mieste.
APPEARANCE PRINCIPLES OF HIGH RISE BUILDINGS IN THE CITY CENTER: VISUAL EFECT TO HISTORICAL HERITAGE, REGULATION PROPOSALS / AUKŠTYBINIŲ PASTATŲ MIESTO CENTRE ATSIRADIMO PRINCIPAI: VIZUALINIS POVEIKIS ISTORINIAM PAVELDUI, REGLAMENTAVIMO SIŪLYMAI
Authors: Panavaitė Lina
Published: May 2016

High rise buildings is the phenomenon of XXI century, the expression of city’s economic and political power. This is the reflection of contemporary, modern and attractive city. Very often high rise buildings, who are characterized by a unique morphology, the parameters of high, density and intensity, are built near the historic center areas and cause irreversible visual impact on the historic sites, fundamentally altering the silhouette of the city. As a result, new problems and challenges appear. In this article the evolution of high rise buildings according to London, Jerusalem, Ottawa, Vilnius cities examples is analysed, the latest methodological principles which are applicable to control the development of high-rise buildings in the central parts of the city, while providing preservation and representation of cultural heritage are discussed. The latest computer technologies which are applied in urban regulations are presented. In case of Lithuania, high-rise building spatial development, general, spatial planning documents, urban design concepts, and monitoring of virtual city panoramas are reviewed. Comparative analysis in order to find out the essential methodological differences between cities regulation systems is done.
Aukštybiniai pastatai – XXI a. fenomenas, miestų ekonominės, politinės galios išraiška. Tai šiuolaikinio, modernaus ir patrauklaus miesto atspindys. Labai dažnai aukštybinis užstatymas, pasižymintis savita morfologija, aukščio ir tūrio parametrais, dideliu užstatymo tankiu ir intensyvumu, atsiranda istorinių centrų prieigose, sukeldamas negrįžtamą vizualinį poveikį istoriniam paveldui, iš esmės pakeisdamas miesto siluetą. Dėl to atsiranda naujų problemų ir uždavinių. Straipsnyje nagrinėjama aukštybinių pastatų reglamentavimo evoliucija pagal Londono, Jeruzalės, Otavos ir Vilniaus miestų pavyzdį. Norint suvaldyti aukštybinių pastatų plėtrą šių miestų centrinėse dalyse, taikomi naujausi metodologiniai principai, numatant išsaugoti ir reprezentuoti ir kultūros paveldo objektus. Aptariamos naujausių kompiuterinių technologijų taikymo galimybės reglamentuojant miestus. Lietuvos atveju apžvelgiama Vilniaus miesto aukštybinių pastatų statybos raida, bendrojo, specialiojo planavimo dokumentai, parengtos koncepcijos, virtualių miesto panoramų monitoringas. Atliekama lyginamoji analizė, norint išsiaiškinti esminius metodologijų ir reglamentavimo skirtumus miestuose.
Authors: Jankauskaitė Aurelija
Published: May 2016

In the article there are analysed historic-sociocultural conditions of Palanga town development and planning peculiarities of Palanga town as a resort. These important aspects have been distinguished: target spacial structural changes in Palanga town and social factors making influence. On 29 May 1933 Palanga was provided with resort and town rights. However, planning peculiarities of Palanga town as a resort are begun to form when the counts Tiškevičiai were governing from the middle of the XIX century, when the town became a summer resort. While creating a resort different special structures were formed with professionally arranged resort part and architecture. Resort planning ideas are being analysed, such as town park, recreational, functional town model – Vanagupė’s resort as well as the resort’s expansion after restoring independence. In current Palanga resort’s development there was noticed a conflict of economical and natural interests, which makes threat to survival of the resort’s recreational attraction. Preparing an article it was referred to planning documents, iconographic material and to the authors, who analysed and arranged Palanga town planning process: V. Stauskas, M. Ptašek, L. Dringelis, P. Grecevičius, J. Bučas, and other authors’ works.
Straipsnyje analizuojamos istorinės-sociokultūrinės Palangos miesto raidos sąlygos ir Palangos miesto, kaip kurorto, planavimo savitumai. Išskiriami šie svarbūs aspektai: Palangos miesto planinės erdvinės struktūros pokyčiai ir poveikį darantys socialiniai veiksniai. 1933 m. gegužės 29 d. Palangai suteiktos kurorto ir miesto teisės, tačiau Palangos miesto, kaip kurorto, planavimo savitumai pradedami formuoti valdant grafams Tiškevičiams, nuo XIX amžiaus vidurio, kai miestelis tapo vasarviete. Kuriant kurortą susiformavo skirtingos planinės erdvinės struktūros su profesionaliai suplanuota kurortine dalimi ir architektūra. Analizuojamos kurorto planavimo idėjos, pavyzdžiui, miesto–parko, rekreacinis funkcionalistinio miesto modelis – Vanagupės kurortas bei kurorto plėtra atkūrus Nepriklausomybę. Dabartinės Palangos kurorto plėtros procese pastebimas ekonominių ir gamtinių interesų konfliktas, kuris kelia grėsmę kurorto rekreaciniam patrauklumui. Rengiant straipsnį, remtąsi teritorijų planavimo dokumentais, ikonografine medžiaga ir autorių, tyrusių bei organizavusių Palangos miesto planavimo procesą, darbais (žr. Stauskas 2012; Ptašek 1995, 2012; Dringelis 1988, 1989, 1995; Grecevičius 1986, 1988, 2006, 2014; Bučas 1990, 1995 ir kiti).
ANALYSIS OF INNOVATIVE AND MODERN TECHNOLOGY OF PARKING LOTS / INOVATYVIŲ IR MODERNIŲ TECHNOLOGINIŲ AUTOMOBILIŲ STOVĖJIMO STATINIŲ APŽVALGA
Authors: Damidavičius Jonas , Palevičius Vytautas , Jakubauskas Gražvydas
Published: May 2016

Management of urban communication systems and ensuring of residents demands are the main tasks of the sustainable city development. One of the most important areas that forms better urban image is sustainable mobility development. It has influence on social, economical viability and environmental quality. Nowadays, intensive rhythm of life and increasing transport demands, usage of cars become a significant problem which regards the air and noise pollution and lack of parking spaces. Due to the daily impossibility of residents to find vacant parking spaces influence unproper usage of public spaces, streets, pedestrian and bicycle paths, children backgrounds, green areas and other territories. This report provides an overview of concepts of parking lots and their technology, and property usage in city center, middle zones, suburban territories and as well an analysis of the evolution of parking spaces. The report presents modern and innovative concepts of parking lots, which improves quality of communication and life in city and improves architectural environment.
Šiuolaikiniuose miestuose susisiekimo sistemos valdymas ir gyventojų susisiekimo poreikių užtikrinimas yra vienas svarbiausių miesto uždavinių. Darni susisiekimo sistemos plėtra yra vienas iš elementų formuojančių miesto urbanistinį įvaizdį, kuris turi įtakos miesto socialiniams, ekonominiams, aplinkos kokybės ir kitiems veiksniams. Intensyvėjant miesto gyventojų ritmui ir didėjant susisiekimo poreikiui mieste, transporto priemonių naudojimas, statymas, laikinas ir ilgalaikis stovėjimas – tampa vis aktualesne problema. Kasdienis gyventojų susidūrimas su automobilių stovėjimo vietų trūkumo problema turi įtakos viešųjų erdvių, gatvių, pėsčiųjų ir dviračių takų, vaikų žaidimo aikštelių, žaliųjų plotų ir kitų teritorijų užpildymui transporto priemonėmis. Šiame straipsnyje apžvelgiamos automobilių stovėjimo statinių ir jų technologinių sprendimų panaudojimo galimybės miesto centrinėje, vidurinėje ir priemiestinėje teritorijose. Taip pat apžvelgiama automobilių stovėjimo statinių kilmė ir atsiradimo priežastys. Straipsnyje pateikiami inovatyvūs ir modernūs automobilių stovėjimo statinių koncepciniai ir realūs projektai, kuriuos įgyvendinus nepažeidžiama architektūrinė aplinka ir gerėja žmonių gyvenimo bei susisiekimo infrastruktūros kokybė.
Sustainable Business Development by Responding to Climate Change
Authors: Mukherjee Sujata , Mukerjee Arunavo
Published: May 2016

The UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Report (2007) concluded that the globally averaged net effect of human activities since 1750 has been one of the sources of global warming. The Stern Report (2007) corroborates this statement and states that anthropogenic CO2 influences the climate and stresses that the cost of mitigating against climate change is significantly lower than the cost of climate change. The Tata group companies have been actively seeking out experiences of other global companies to develop an effective action plan against climate change. The present paper seeks to review the role of the Tata group in addressing and abating the climate change. It further looks at the various Tata group companies like Tata Chemicals Limited, Tata Steel Europe, Tata Communications and Tata Motors and their ways to stay the course towards sustainable development
Application of Molecular Docking in Studies on the Binding Mechanism of Three Enzymes with Natural Products
Authors: Zeng Hua-jin , Yang Ran , Qu Ling-bo
Published: May 2016

Enzymes play an important role in many biologically relevant processes and are some attractive targets in the therapy and pharmaceutical research. The interaction between drugs and enzymes in vitro might account for a variety of biological processes and has attracted scientists' great interest for several decades. Investigation of the interaction can explore their mechanism of biological activities and provide useful knowledge for optimizing molecular structure of drug, prescriptions and route of administration and it can also provide the information for their bioavailability and bioactivity. In this chapter, the bindings of natural products (including flavionoids and coumarins) with three enzymes, including pepsin, hyaluronidase and acetylcholinesterase, were investigated by fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular docking. The present studies provide direct evidence at a molecular level to understand the mechanism of inhibitory effect of natural products against enzymes.
Effects of Root Opening on Physical and Mechanical Properties of the Double Side Welded of Ship Materials
Authors: Purwaningrum Yustiasih , Triyono  , Argihono Tegar Rileh , Sutrisno Ryan
Published: May 2016

The effects of root opening process parameters on the phisical and mechanical properties of mild steel specimens of grade LR Gr A having dimensions 200 mm× 100 mm× 12 mm, welded by gas metal arc welding were investigated. The variation of root opening that used were 3 mm, 5 mm and 7 mm. The physical properties examined with regard with microstructure, macrosructure, and corrosion using optical microscope and stereozoom. The measured of mechanical properties with regard to strength, hardness and toughness using, tensile test, Vickers hardness Test, and Charpy impact test. The test results show the base metal had a hardness of approximately 110 VHN and a maximum hardness of approximately 190 VHN that corellates with microstructure of weld metals. Microstructure of base metal and HAZ are ferite and perlite, while microstructure of weld zone are acicular ferrite and grain boundary ferrite. The corrosion rate of weld metals with various root opening categorized as materials having excellent corrosion resistance value. Welding joints with opening roots 3 mm and 5 mm can be used for construction. All welded specimens exhibited fracture at base metals
Tensile Properties and Microstructure of Friction Stir Welded Joints 2195-T8 Aluminum Alloy
Authors: No Kookil , Lee Ye Rim , Yoon Jong Hoon , Yoo Joon Tae , Lee Ho Sung
Published: May 2016

Friction stir welding is a widely used welding process for aluminum alloys because it avoids many of the problems of conventional fusion welding. This process is beneficial especially for lithium containing aluminum alloys in which the reactive property of element Li causes porosity and hot cracking during melting and solidification. In friction stir welding process, each region undergoes different thermo-mechanical cycles and produces a non-homogeneous microstructure. In the present study, the mechanical properties and microstructure of a 2195-T8 aluminum alloy joined with friction stir welding were investigated. The change in microstructure across the welded joint was found to correspond to microhardness measurement. The microstructure was characterized by the presence of severely deformed grains and fine recrystallized grains depending on the region. Tensile tests shows the optimum condition was obtained at the tool rotating speed of 600rpm and the traveling speed range from 180 to 300mm/min.
Effects of Cu Addition on the Precipitation Process of Al-9Zn-4Mg-xCu (wt. %) Alloys at 130°C
Authors: Sofyan Bondan Tiara , Husna Immalatul , Syahid Muhammad
Published: May 2016

Aluminium is a light-weight material and possesses high corrosion resistance, so that it is widely used in manufacturing industries. The Al-Zn series have the highest strength compared to other aluminium alloys. To further increase the strength of Al-Zn alloys, Mg and Cu are added and age hardening treatment is applied. This research studied the precipitation process in Al-9Zn-4Mg (wt. %) alloys with Cu content of 0, 1, 3 and 5 wt.%. The alloys were produced through investment casting taking the shape of turbine impeller. The samples were solution treated at 460 °C for 2 hours and then aged at 130 °C. The characterization included hardness testing to observe response of age hardening, microstructural observation and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) testing. Microstructural observation was conducted by optical microscope and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) which was combined with Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). The results showed that addition of Cu initially decreased the hardness during early ageing (2 hours) due to segregation of Cu-V complexes toward the grain boundaries which then decreased the hardness and enlarged the grain boundary phases. However, the peak hardness of the alloys was not affected by the increase in Cu content. due to high concentration of Zn and Mg. Exothermic reactions of formation of GP zones, η", η' and η (MgZn2) were found during precipitation process while endothermic reaction were observed due to dissolution of the phases. Presence of MgZn2 and Al7Cu2Fe second phases were observed in grain boundaries.
Modeling and Optimization for Multiple Criteria of Hole Quality in Hardened Steel Drilling
Authors: Ndaruhadi P.Y.M. Wibowo , Santosa Bambang
Published: May 2016

Drilling process has many applications including making molds and dies, all requires different quality of the drilled hole. The aim of this study is to establish models and optimization of cutting parameter to get the best hole quality, including enlargement diameter, circularity error and surface roughness in drilling hardened steel. Drilling experiments have been performed using different cutting parameters (i.e. cutting speed and feed rate) and employ and uncoated carbide drill under flooded cooling. The experimental results show that both of the cutting speed and feed rate significantly affect all responses. Models for responses have been developed for investigation in this study, and their optimizations have been obtained, showing better quality of the drilled hole produced at higher cutting speed and lower feed rate. Desirability for the optimum criteria is 0.944 at the highest cutting speed (60 m/min) and lowest feed rate (0.05 mm/rev).
Morphology and Mechanical Properties of Poly (Lactic Acid) and Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Rubber Blends with Organoclay
Authors: Wacharawichanant Sirirat , Wisuttrakarn Chawisa , Chomphunoi Kasana
Published: May 2016

The effects of the montmorillonite clay surface modified with 25-30 wt% of methyl dihydroxyethyl hydrogenated tallow ammonium (Clay-MHA) on morphology and mechanical properties of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber copolymer (NBR)/Clay-MHA composites were investigated. The composites of blends of PLA/NBR with Clay-MHA were prepared by melt mixing in an internal mixer and molded by compression molding. The ratio of PLA and NBR was 80/20 by weight and the Clay-MHA content was 1, 3, 5 and 7 phr. The results showed Young’s modulus and stress at break of the composites increased with increasing Clay-MHA content. While the tensile strength and strain at break of the composites decreased with increasing Clay-MHA content. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the addition of Clay-MHA could improve the miscibility of PLA and NBR to be homogeneous blends and the pore in polymer blends was disappeared.
Detailed Modelling of Hydrocarbonaceous Media Separation Process
Authors: Nikolayev Eugenii V. , Kharlamov Sergey N.
Published: May 2016

This paper presents the results of a detailed study of the separation process in the range of characteristic values temperature (Т ≅ 0 ÷ 70 °C) and pressure (P ≅ 50 ÷ 700 kPa). The critical analysis of hydrocarbonaceous media separation process problem is made within functioning processing equipment on objects of the “Vyngapurovskoe” oil field in Russia. Modelling of first stage separation process is illustrated from data of reservoir fluid with detailed characteristic of evolution some components concentration into off-gas in dependence of temperature and pressure. Recommendations to the calculation of the component composition of hydrocarbonaceous fluids under the provisions of equilibrium thermodynamics using the model of Peng-Robinson are extradited. It has been established that the heavy hydrocarbons (С4+higher) concentration decreasing into off-gas theoretically could be achieved up to 48.41%.
The Anti-Aspergillus Flavus Activity of Composite Coating Using Lemon Aldehyde and Chitosan
Authors: Zhang Chu Shu , Sun Jie , Yu Li Na , Bi Jie
Published: May 2016

In order to inhibit the contamination of peanut in the storage and transportation process, the research on the anti-Aspergillus flavus of the composite coating of the lemon aldehyde and chitosan was studied. The optimum formula of the coating was determined by orthogonal test. The optimum formula was that the concentration of chitosan, 6mg/ml, 0.01mg/ml, glycerol concentration of 9mg/ml. Using this formula, the growth of Aspergillus niger could be significantly inhibited.
Multi-Cycle Photodegradation of Anionic and Cationic Dyes by New TiO2/DSAT Immobilization System
Authors: Nawawi Wan Izhan , Ain S.K. , Zaharudin R. , Sahid Sudirman
Published: May 2016

In this work, titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalyst was generally immobilized onto glass plate support material by employing double sided adhesive tape (DSAT) as a thin layer binder. The photocatalytic performance of this new non-additive immobilization system was observed under the degradation of two different charges of dyes namely anionic reactive red 4 (RR4) and cationic methylene blue (MB) dyes. Photocatalytic degradation of RR4 and MB dyes under immobilized TiO2/DSAT were compared with TiO2 in suspension mode respectively. Immobilized TiO2/DSAT was observed to have up to 30 cycles of reusability thanks to DSAT that is able to provide a very strong intact between the glass plate and TiO2 layers. In fact, a better photodegradation activity was observed by number of photocatalysis cycles due to increasing pores formation on TiO2 surface as observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis.
Experimental Evaluation of Residual Stresses in the Concrete
Authors: Zvolánek Lukáš , Kratochvíl Miroslav , Kadlec Jaroslav , Terzijski Ivailo
Published: May 2016

Generally, volume changes commences almost immediately after the cement and water come in contact during concrete mixing. Humidity of surrounding environment affects the magnitude of shrinkage. Hence, we took it into account by means of Eurocode 2. This paper proposes the evaluation of residual stresses in concrete. To describe the development of residual stresses, magnitude of free shrinkage, degree of its restrain and corresponding value of elastic modulus has to be known. All required quantities was measured apart from degree of restraint. It was tested three types of concrete mixtures. Obtained results show that the free shrinkage value can be significantly reduced by technological way such as the change of concrete composition.