bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exclusive breastfeeding knowledge and practices among health care workers in northern Tanzania.
Authors: Mgongo Melina , Mlay Bertha , Damian Damian Jeremia , Amour Caroline , Leyaro Beatrice John , Msuya Sia Emmanuel
Published: January 2020

Background Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) practice is one of the interventions improving child survival. Health workers have been shown to be vital in influencing EBF practices. Objectives To assess the level of knowledge and supportive practices on EBF among healthcare workers Kilimanjaro region, northern Tanzania. Methods A cross sectional study was conducted between April - June 2011 health care providers working in 36 randomly selected health facilities of Hai and Siha districts. A questionnaire was used to obtain information. Observation of health worker-client interaction was conducted using a check list. Results A total of 250 health workers participated in this study. The majority (80%) had adequate knowledge of EBF. However, 36% of providers believed light porridge should be introduced after 4 months and 43% believed infants will feel thirsty on breast- milk alone. Only 7% of providers answered correctly on skills of support, positioning and attachment. Fifty percent of the facilities with labour/maternity wards gave breastfeeding lessons to post delivery women. The majority (90%) gave theoretical information, without practical demonstration with positioning and/or attachment of the baby to the breast. Conclusion Providers had adequate theoretical knowledge of EBF but lacked important skills to support women in breastfeeding practices. Few labor/maternity facilities used the opportunity to educate women on EBF. Pre- and in-service health providers’ training on breastfeeding should target improved practical skills.
Downregulation of ALDH5A1 Promotes Tumor Metastasis and Contributes to Poor Prognosis in Ovarian Cancer
Authors: Cao Chen , Wang Xin , Li Rui , Jin Ping , Chen Hongwei , Xia Meng , Zhang Qinghua , Tian Xun
Published: January 2020

Background Despite modern therapies, ovarian cancer (OC) remains a major clinical problem with a high risk of mortality. We previously reported that low expression of ALDH5A1 could serve as an indicator for predicting poor prognosis in OC. However, the function of ALDH5A1 in OC progression has not been elucidated yet. Methods We firstly compared ALDH5A1 expression in metastatic tissues to primary site of OC based on the Oncomine database. Then wound healing assay and Transwell assay were utilized to determine the biological role of OC cells transfected with ALDH5A1 siRNA. To unravel the potential mechanism of ALDH5A1 meditating metastasis of OC, the co-expression profile of ALDH5A1 in OC cell lines and OC patients were generated using cBioPortal. Moreover, qRT-PCR and WB analysis were used to detect the expression levels of metastasis-related genes after ALDH5A1 suppression, HPA database was used to confirm the relative expression of ALDH5A1 and MMP in OC patients. In addition, KM survival plots in 578 OC patients from the TCGA database were analyzed. Results We proved lower ALDH5A1 expression in metastatic tissues compared to primary site of OC, and knockdown of ALDH5A1 promoted the malignant behavior of OC cells. Additionally, the co-expression profile of ALDH5A1 was significantly enriched in extracellular matrix (ECM) organization pathway. We further confirmed ALDH5A1 was negatively associated with MMP expression in OC, indicating that ALDH5A1 was closely related to OC metastasis via ECM organization pathway. Finally, KM survival plots revealed that low ALDH5A1 expression contributed to poor OC survival. Conclusions These results suggested a key role of ALDH5A1 in driving the progression of OC and identified ALDH5A1 as a robust therapeutic target of OC.
Spinal Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak in the context of Pars Interarticularis Fracture: A Case Series
Authors: Chan Tommy Lik Hang , Cowan Robert , Hindiyeh Nada , Hashmi Syed , Lanzman Bryan , Carroll Ian
Published: January 2020

Introduction: Spinal Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak can lead to intracranial hypotension and is an important differential diagnosis to consider in patients with sudden onset chronic daily headaches. Pars interarticularis (PI) fracture is a potential rare cause of suspected spinal CSF leak. Methods: This is a retrospective case series of 6 patients with suspected spinal CSF leak evaluated at the Stanford CSF leak headache clinic between January 2016 and September 2019. All cases were presented at the combined neuroradiology/headache neurology CSF leak conference. All patients received a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain with and without gadolinium, MRI whole spine and full spine computed tomography (CT) myelogram. All targeted epidural patches with fibrin sealant were performed by a team member board-certified in Headache, Anesthesiology, and Pain Medicine. Treatment response at return visit (3 months post patch) was reported based on a pain intensity scale from 0 to 10, 10 being the most severe. Results: Six patients (4 females, 2 males) were diagnosed with a suspected spinal CSF leak and PI fracture. Mean age at the time of onset of headache was 39 years old, ranges from 32 to 50 years old. Mean time to targeted epidural patches with fibrin sealant was 4.5 years. All 6 patients had PI fractures identified on CT myelogram and received targeted epidural patches with fibrin sealant at the site of the PI fracture. All patients had significant improvement in their headache intensity. Conclusion: Our study highlights: 1) the importance of PI fracture as a possible culprit of suspected spinal CSF leak in patients with intracranial hypotension; 2) the added benefit of CT imaging for detecting bony abnormalities such as fractures in patients with intracranial hypotension; and 3) the successful treatment of suspected spinal CSF leak when targeting the fracture site.
Psychological, social, and motivational factors in the drug user care-seekers
Authors: Shahrabadi Sana , Jalali Amir , Jalali Rostam , Gholami Ali
Published: January 2020

Background In addition to the family and society’s support, the drug user plays a key role in the process of treatment and rehabilitation. Therefore, it is imperative to find the psychological, social, and motivational factors that can help them in the treatment process. The present study is an attempt to determine the relationship of psychological, social, and motivational factors and demographics of drug user care-seekers. Methods An analytical cross-sectional study was carried out. Psychological, Social, and Motivational Performance Questionnaire for drug users was first translated into Farsi and validated after securing a permission from the copyright holder of the tool. Participants were 250 drug user care-seekers under methadone therapy who were selected through convenient sampling. Before analyzing the collected data, validity and reliability of the tool were confirmed using confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses. Given the scale of demographical data, suitable statistics were used to analyze the relationship between demographical variables and psychological, social, and motivational factors. Results The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses showed that out of 83 statements in the original questionnaire, 55 statements categorized into 11 aspects were usable for Iranian population. The results showed that gender, income, and marital status were effective in psychological performance of the drug users (P<0.05). However, education level, domicile, and type of drug and consumption did not have a significant relationship with social performance of the participants (p>0.05). There was a significant relationship between age, number of children, and history of using drug and psychological performance of the participants (P<0.01). The results showed that the demographics did not have a notable effect on the participants’ motivation for treatment; only marital status had a significant relationship with the participants’ readiness for treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion As the results showed, the demographical variables could affect physical, psychological, and motivational readiness in the participants.
Education as a moderator in the effect of successful aging on mortality risk in elderly Chinese: A national longitudinal study (2011-2016)
Authors: Luo Huiqiang , cao peiya , Li Jijie , Ren Xiaohui , wang yixi , chen qing , Li ningxiu
Published: January 2020

Background Some literatures have found that successful aging and its components were significantly associated with older adults’ health, their achievement has a positive effect on reducing mortality rates. However, there is little evidence to discuss whether education modified the effect of successful aging on morality risk. A majority of literatures from worldwide were cross-sectional andprevious studies on the association between successful aging and mortality in China are quite little. It aims to evaluate the effect of successful aging and each of its components on mortality risk of older in China and further discussed whether education was a moderator in this effect. It also investigated differences in results among males and females. Methods Data was collected from CHARLS (China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study), which is a nationally representative follow-up survey. Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the education's moderate effect on the relationship between successful aging and mortality. Results In total, 4824 residents aged 60 years and above were recorded. 15.18%(n=367)for males and 15.74%(n=379) for females were defined as successful aging and the mortality were 2.61%(n=63)for males and 3.45%(n=83) for females during the survey. It is the first longitudinal study using national cohort data to research the educational effects on the association between mortality and successful aging, the study showed that the effect only existed in females aged 65-74 years old group with lower education. Conclusions Education has the significant effect on the relationship between successful aging and mortality. Physical health is significantly associated with the achieving of successful aging among young older. More measures should be paid on improving mental health among the young female older with lower education to achieve successful aging and to against mortality and live longevity.
Regional heterogeneities of health literacy in China: a population-based study
Authors: Li Zhenhua , Tian Yongquan , Xiao Shuiyuan , Gong Zhicheng , Qian Long
Published: January 2020

Background: Few studies described the geographic variations of health literacy in China. This study aimed to investigate the regional heterogeneities of health literacy level in Chinese population, in order to formulate targeted health literacy promotion strategies in different economic and cultural contexts.Methods: Multi-stage stratification, clustering, and random sampling methods were used to select 70 study sites from 25 provinces or municipalities in China. Health literacy was measured using the National Resident Health Literacy Monitoring Questionnaire. MapInfo software was used to map the geographic distribution. Multiple logistic regression was used to adjust for the factors associated with the health literacy level in the total and regional samples.Results: A total of 3,482 participants were included in the study, including 1,792 (51.5%) males and 1,690 (48.5%) females. A notable geographic variation was observed in the health literacy level. The proportion of respondents with adequate health literacy was 22.3%, including 33.0% in the eastern region, 23.1% in the central region, and 17.6% in the western region. The proportion of adequate health literacy in different provinces or municipalities ranged from 10.5%(Xinjiang) to 47.0%(Beijing). Being female (odds ratio [OR]=1.360, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.153-1.605), having a higher education level (OR=1.860, 95% CI: 1.671-2.070), having better economic status (OR=1.353, 95% CI: 1.220-1.502), having better self-rated health status (OR=1.263, 95% CI: 1.081-1.476), and having more community health education (OR=1.192, 95% CI: 1.034-1.374) were independently associated with adequate health literacy.Conclusions: The health literacy level of Chinese people is still low, with heterogeneities among different regions, between urban and rural areas, and among different social groups. With respect to health literacy promotion efforts, more attention should be given to behavioural changes and the continuous exploration of methods of developing healthy behaviours and lifestyles. Ways of improving the health literacy levels of people in different regions should be adapted to local conditions. Health education should be strengthened for low-income people in the central and eastern regions. Special emphasis should be placed on the intensity of health knowledge publicity and the accessibility of health knowledge and skills in the central and western regions.Keywords: Health literacy; Regional heterogeneities; Health Literacy Questionnaire
Relationship between Sleep Duration and All-Cause Mortality in the Older People: An Updated and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis
Authors: Niu wenquan , He Mengyang , Deng Xiangling , Zhu Yuqing , Huan Luyao
Published: January 2020

Background Short or long sleep duration is recognized as a potential risk factor for all-cause mortality in the older people, yet the results are not often reproducible. Objectives We aimed to investigate whether sleep duration was associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality in the older people through a comprehensive meta-analysis. Methods Literature retrieval, research selection and data extraction were done independently and in duplicate. Effect-size estimates are expressed as odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results Summary data from 35 articles, involving 11746 older people, were meta-analyzed. Overall analyses revealed a significant association between long sleep duration and all-cause mortality in the older people (OR=1.27, 95% CI: 1.19-1.35, P <.001), and short sleep duration was marginally related to the all-cause mortality in the older people (OR=1.05; 95% CI: 1.00-1.09; P =.045). The Egger’s test indicated no publication bias between sleep duration and all-cause mortality in the older people. In subgroup analyses, the association with all-cause mortality was reinforced in older people women with long sleep duration (OR=1.48, 95% CI: 1.18-1.85, P =.002) relative to older people men with long sleep duration (OR=1.3, 95% CI: 1.10-1.50, P =.001). Further dose-response analyses showed a J-shaped relationship between sleep duration and all-cause mortality in the older people. Conclusions Our meta-analytical findings demonstrated a J-shaped relationship between sleep duration and all-cause mortality in the older people. For long sleep duration, older people women had a higher mortality rate than older people men.
Application of K-means Algorithm in Geological Disaster Monitoring System
Authors: Jianguo Wang , Linyao Xue
Published: January 2020

The K-means algorithm is considered to be the most important unsupervised machine learning method in clustering, which can divide all the data into k subclasses that are very different from each other. As K-means algorithm is simple and efficient, it is applied to data mining, knowledge discovery and other fields. This paper proposes CMU-kmeans algorithm with improved UPGMA algorithm and Canopy algorithm. The experimental results is that the algorithm can not only get the number k of the initial clustering center adaptable, but also avoid the influence of the noise data and the edge data. Also, the improved algorithm can void the initial effect of the random selection on the clustering, which reflects the actual distribution in the dataset.
Readings of Portable UV Spectrum Analyzer Data Based on Raspberry Pi
Authors: Shuping Xu , Mengyao Huang , Pei Xu
Published: January 2020

Most of the spectrometer has the advantages of large volume, inconvenient carrying, slow data reading, long development cycle and high cost. In view of this situation, this paper presents a raspberry based portable spectrum analyzer. The general structure, working principle and data reading principle of the portable ultraviolet spectrum analyzer system based on raspberry faction are introduced in detail. And the raspberry sent a brief introduction, and finally introduced the raspberry pie to the development of the environment configuration, and the use of Python-Qt prepared control software for data read. The final test shows that the system interface is simple and friendly, stable operation, you can quickly read the data from the spectrometer, to meet the actual requirements.
Cheap and Simple Slip Sensor Based on the Optical Sensor
Authors: Liu Feibi
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this project is to manufacture a cheap and simple slip sensor. The slip sensor is based on the optical sensor. The experiment divides into two parts, how to build sensor and how to test the features of the sensor. The slip sensor could be divided into three parts, cover, optical sensor and adaptor board, which will connect to the suitable resistors circuit to obtain the large gain. During the test, the participant applies the static state way to measure the relationship between input and output with a white cover and a gray cover. The slip sensor with the white cover has low hysteresis and high repeatability which are better than the gray cover.
Incremental Association Rule Mining Algorithm Based on Hadoop
Authors: Ying Zhu , Jianguo Wang
Published: January 2020

Aiming at the problems of low efficiency, low cost of time and space, this paper proposes an incremental association rule mining algorithm based on Hadoop load balancing. In combination with the tree structure, when the data in the database is constantly updated, it does not need to scan the original database to generate frequent item sets, and use the load balancing in the data distribution so that the master node distributes the data to the child nodes evenly. In the experiment of control variable method, the variables of minimum support and sample increment are processed respectively. The experimental results show that when the minimum support is unchanged and the transaction data set is increased, the incremental association rule mining algorithm based on Hadoop load balancing takes less than 14.3% of the Apriori algorithm. The number of association rules mined by the algorithm is more than that of the Apriori algorithm. And the memory usage of the Hadoop-based incremental association rule mining algorithm is much smaller than the Apriori algorithm; when the total amount of transaction data is constant and the minimum support is changed, the memory usage of the Hadoop-based incremental association rule mining algorithm is smaller than the Apriori algorithm. The Hadoop-based incremental association rule mining algorithm has some improvements in memory usage and efficiency.
Traveling Route Generation Algorithm Based On LDA and Collaborative Filtering
Authors: Cui Peng , Wang Yuming , Li Chunmei
Published: January 2020

With the rapid development of China’s economy and the increase in tourism consumption, the number of people in traveling in domestic tourism has increased rapidly each year, and more travelers choose privately customized travel routes, so reasonable travel route is generated based on the actual users’ needs has become a hot research spot in the current industry and academia. However, as far as practical application is concerned, the planning of travel routes is a comprehensive and complex task. Reasonable travel routes include comprehensive features such as reasonable travel cities, travel time, transportation methods, and itinerary arrangements. At present, the traditional method is basically that the customer manager can manually plan the suitable travel route for the user through collecting the user’s needs, and then modify and adjust by communicating with the customer. The problem that this brings is that the customer manager needs to compare information such as users’ needs, travel price, travel time, travel transportation, and scenic spot arrangements when planning numerous travel routes. Obviously, the traditional methods have significant disadvantages such as low efficiency and long time-consuming. Bring a great burden to the staff and it is incompatible with the development of the current industry.

In order to solve the above problems, we put the historical travel routes collected as data sets in the paper, and a travel route recommendation and generation algorithm based on LDA and collaborative filtering is designed. Reasonable city recommendation list and playing time are the basis and focus of route planning. The paper is based on the many shortcomings in the traditional travel route planning method, and takes the city’s recommendation and time planning as the main focuses on work. In this work, different recommendation algorithms were designed, including a recommendation algorithm based on Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) and collaborative filtering. By analyzing the performance of the recommendation algorithm on the data sets, the recommendation algorithm is improved and optimized. The LDA algorithm based on KDE (Kernel Density Estimation) and classification, the collaborative filtering algorithm based on KDE and classification. The final experimental results show that the optimal city list and travel time generated by the recommended algorithm are more reasonable and satisfy the actual use of the user.
A Full Decimal Method of Address Assignment for Networked Computer
Authors: Zhan Xin , Xie Jianping , Jin Liming , Lai Jiawen
Published: January 2020

The full decimal method of address assignment for networked computers and intelligent terminals which input into the computer through various input devices of the computer and intelligent terminals is realized, and then, the external address of networked computer and intelligent media stored in the database and the internal arithmetic address are created correspondingly through a variety of transmission media by combination of different computer hardware and software. The new address assignment method can provide sufficient address space for development of Internet in the future, and it also provides enough address for application of various personal information household appliances and logistics in electronic commerce and other entities and personal communication terminals while ensuring multiple levels of address structure. This paper mainly introduces the decimal address allocation algorithm and address format, which provides a solid foundation for the next generation Internet architecture design.
Application of Chaotic Encryption in RFID Data Transmission Security
Authors: Yang Jianfang , Liu Baolong , Yao Huimin
Published: January 2020

In order to improve the security performance of data transmission in the RFID system, the sequence generated by the chaotic map is used to encrypt the data transmitted between the reader and the tag in the RFID. Based on the unpredictability, extreme sensitivity to initial conditions, and pseudo-random characteristics of chaotic sequences, the information of each electronic tag is encrypted with a unique chaotic sequence. The same operation mechanism is used to encrypt and decrypt data, and a security model based on chaotic encryption is established. At the same time, the read/write control mechanism and security issues are explained.
A Secure Voice Signature Based Lightweight Authentication Approach for Remote Access Control
Authors: Olakanmi Oladayo Olufemi , Shodipo Aminat
Published: January 2020

Crypto-authentication schemes become unreliable whenever the private key is compromised, making them unfit for any system or network that requires high level of confidentiality. Key compromise is inevitable due to the wider space of operability of key in most of the cryptography based authentication schemes. To improve the performance of any authentication system, there is need to narrow its key operability to the key owner, that is eliminating the influence of other parties in the key generation and operability. However, this is quite difficult especially for any network that is characterised with low computation and energy, and relied on the third party for key management. In this paper, we propose the adoption of Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC) based voice signature based authentication scheme with a taint of cryptography operation. The scheme extracts the user’s voice signature as the hash of the MFCC parameters of the voice and unique passcode which is used for the authentication. We used exclusive or to filter off remnant of noise from MFCC values without incurring extra hardware cost. The performance evaluation results show authentication accuracy of 87.8% at low computation cost and communication overhead.
Hazard Grading Model of Terrorist Attack Based on Machine Learning
Authors: Yu Jun , Xian Tong , Hu Zhiyi , Liu Yutong
Published: January 2020

In this paper, there is no unified grading standard for the harm of terrorist attacks. A classification model of terrorist incidents based on machine learning is proposed. First, the data related to the hazard in the Global Terrorism Database (GTD) is extracted and preprocessed. Secondly, the data is extracted by principal component analysis, and all events are aggregated into 5 by K-means clustering. Again, the entropy method is used to calculate the weighting coefficient of each indicator, and the comprehensive score of the hazard of each type of terrorist attack is calculated. Finally, the scores are divided into 1-5 levels of hazard grading models in order of high to low. The results show that the hazard grading model can scientifically and objectively quantify terrorist attacks.
Research and Development of Millimeter Wave Technology
Authors: Junying Bai , Yongli An
Published: January 2020

This paper introduces the concept of millimeter wave, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages and propagation characteristics of millimeter wave, and expounds the research status of millimeter wave ground communication and millimeter wave satellite communication. The military application of millimeter wave communication technology in electronic countermeasures is taken as an example. Finally, the outlook for millimeter wave communication technology will open up new application fields in the future and have broad development prospects.
Formation of High Added Value Chemicals by Photocatalytic Treatment of Biomass
Authors: Bellardita Marianna , Loddo Vittorio , Palmisano Leonardo
Published: January 2020

The depletion of fossil fuel requires the search for alternative renewable feedstock and environmentally
friendly methods for the production of high value-added compounds and fuels. In this
context, the efficient use of biomass has emerged as a significant research field as it represents an alternative
green and renewable carbon source. Various technologies have been explored for this purpose
and heterogeneous photocatalysis represents a valid alternative to the catalytic methods since it
can be carried out under mild experimental conditions without the addition of harmful oxidizing
agents. Different biomass components have been used as the starting materials, and many valuable
chemicals have been obtained with different selectivity depending on some experimental conditions
as, for instance, type of photocatalyst, solvent, and physico-chemical features of the catalysts. Moreover,
by carrying out the reaction in de-aerated systems, in addition to high added value compounds,
hydrogen can be obtained in the gaseous phase. In particular, photocatalytic conversion of lignocellulose,
carbohydrates, 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furfural and glycerol (considering only the partial oxidation
products) is reported.
NATURAPOLYCEUTICS – EMERGING SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY IN DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM.
Authors: Gaur Nishant , Srivastava Shikha , Parvez Nayyar
Published: January 2020

:

This review mainly put emphasis on properties and recent applications of various natural polymers (Naturapolyceutics) used in drug delivery development process including alginate, chitosan, starch, cellulose, gums etc. Naturapolyceutics is the platform that blends natural polymers and Pharmaceutics for the design and development of drug delivery systems. Natural polymers due to their biological properties, sustainability, human and eco-friendliness are promising in this field. Polymers as an excipient influence drug release and should be compatible, non-toxic, stable, economic etc. Nowadays, due to many problems associated with drug release and side effects manufacturers are inclined towards using natural polymers.
In future, these natural materials have many advantages over synthetic ones as they are non-toxic and most important, a constant rate of drug release can be achieved from a natural polymer based controlled release device’s.
The TICs and their incidence to develop didactic resources within teaching planning
Authors: Velez Manuel Antonio Basurto , Velez María Gabriela Bravo , Mera Jean Telmo Mendoza , Mendoza José Reinaldo Zambrano , Mendoza Henry Javier Zambrano
Published: January 2020

Using ICT in teaching practice, it helps to contribute knowledge through digital tools that meet the visible needs of students. These have immersed in a constant technological evolution in which they are recognized as digital natives, ICTs have an impact on the development of digital teaching resources, due to the different gamification platforms that are developed in the network, and these means allow planning innovations teachers and generate meaningful learning through recreational activities. This research work shows the influence of TICs, in the teaching-learning process as a significant and important element in the educational field. However there are teachers who do not know these methods of illustration, which have traditionalist practices included In the curricular planning that do not contribute to the proposed objectives, there are also teachers with extensive knowledge in this area, who should demonstrate the benefit of using Web 3.0. In the consolidation of knowledge and contribute through training aimed at the teaching staff to socialize this new methodology.
ARGUMENTATION-BASED LEARNING: AN EXAMPLE OF MATHEMATICAL QUESTIONS THROUGH ONLINE INTERACTIONS AMONG PROSPECTIVE TEACHERS
Authors: Gökçe Semirhan , Aydoğan Yenmez Arzu , Çelik Tuğba
Published: January 2020

Argumentation is a process in which
whether arguments are associated with data is constructed with warrants that
they are based on. In this process, mathematical arguments are of vital
importance especially in problem solving. Producing valid arguments or proofs
and criticizing the arguments are inseparable parts of doing math. Therefore,
if there is nothing done to develop reasoning skills, mathematics will become
just following a sequence of operations and copying the examples without
thinking about their meanings. It is necessary to direct argumentation-based
learning environments well because students may find it hard to understand
given arguments or have certain challenges due to misunderstandings and
misunderstood arguments when sharing their ideas with other students or during
the stage of invalidating the ideas. This is why good direction of the
argumentation process depends on living and experiencing the process itself.
This study is an application of teacher education developed in the light of the
idea that prospective teachers need to experience their own processes of
argumentation so that they could handle the argumentation-based learning
approach in their future classrooms. Traces of pedagogical content knowledge
exhibited by the prospective teachers in the online argumentation activities
which were designed through possible student questions were examined, and the
strengths and weaknesses of the learning environment were investigated in the
study. Consequently, online argumentation method was found to have positive
impacts on the improvement of prospective teacher’s pedagogical content
knowledge and their own learning. It is anticipated that these presented
preservice education components will shape future studies to be carried out in
the field of teacher education.
İLKOKUL 3. SINIFTA İNSAN HAKLARI FARKINDALIĞI GELİŞTİRMEYE YÖNELİK BİR EYLEM ARAŞTIRMASI
Authors: Dogru Oral Seray
Published: January 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı ilkokul 3. Sınıf
öğrencilerine verilen insan haklarıyla ilgili eğitimin onların davranışlarında
hangi değişimleri ortaya çıkardığını gözlemlemek ve eğitimin sonunda
öğrencilerin insan haklarıyla ilişkili kavramlara ilişkin görüşlerinin nasıl
şekillendiğini belirlemektir. Bu nedenle nitel araştırma desenlerinden eylem araştırması
kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu farklı akademik başarılardaki 14
öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Bu öğrencilerin 6’sı erkek 8’i kızdır. Veri toplama araçları
olarak kamera kayıtları (yapılandırılmamış gözlem) ve görüşmeler
kullanılmıştır. Uygulama süreci tamamlandıktan sonra tüm veriler
bütün olarak değerlendirilip çözümlenmiştir. 
Görüşmelere ilişkin ses kayıtları ve gözlemlere ilişkin kamera kayıtları
yazıya aktarılmış daha sonra içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırmanın gözlem
sonuçları incelendiğinde öğrencilerin üzerinde en fazla durdukları değerin
saygı değeri olduğu, yaşadıkları çevrenin farkında olma becerilerinin yüksek
olduğu görülmüştür. Görüşme sonuçlarına göre ise öğrencilerin insan hakları
eğitimi uygulamasının sevdikleri yönü kendilerine temel hakları öğretmesi
olmuştur. Öğrenciler insan hakları eğitimi uygulamasında anlamadıkları konular
olduğunu buna sebep olarak konuların karışık olmasını ve yeterince
işlenmemesini göstermişlerdir. Yöntem olarak somut ve oyuna dayalı, içerik
olarak da daha fazla örnek olay etkinlikleri olan bir uygulama istediklerini
ifade eden öğrenciler insan hakları eğitimi uygulamasının yaşamlarında
kullanabilecekleri bilgileri kazandırdığını düşünmektedir.
SOSYAL BİLGİLER ÖĞRETMEN ADAYLARININ ÖĞRENME STİLLERİ İLE ELEŞTİREL DÜŞÜNME EĞİLİMLERİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Kiriş Avaroğulları Ayten , Şaman Berna
Published: January 2020

Bu çalışmada
Sosyal Bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının öğrenme stilleri ile eleştirel düşünme
eğilimleri arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. 
Çalışmanın örneklemini Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesinde öğrenim gören
birinci ve dördüncü sınıf öğretmen adayları oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada veri toplama
aracı olarak Kolb Öğrenme Stilleri Envanteri ile California Eleştirel Düşünme
Eğilimleri Ölçeği (CCTDI) kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler SPSS 22 paket
programı ile analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen bulgulara göre Sosyal
Bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının sırasıyla en fazla ayrıştıran ve özümseme öğrenme
stiline sahip oldukları belirlenmiştir. Adayların eleştirel düşünme eğilimleri
ortanın biraz üstünde yüksek düzeydedir. Adaylar eleştirel düşünme eğilimi
ölçeğinde en yüksek puanı açık fikirlilik alt ölçeğinden almışlardır. Adayların
eleştirel düşünme eğilimleri ve öğrenme stilleri cinsiyet ve sınıf düzeyi
değişkenine göre anlamlı bir farklılık göstermemektedir. Ayrıca elde edilen
sonuçlara göre Sosyal Bilgiler öğretmen adaylarının öğrenme stilleri ile
eleştirel düşünme eğilimleri arasında da anlamlı bir ilişki tespit
edilmemiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre çalışmanın sonunda öneriler
getirilmiştir.
EVLİLİK MESAJLARI ÖLÇEĞİ (EMÖ)’NİN GELİŞTİRİLMESİ, GEÇERLİLİK VE GÜVENİLİRLİĞİ
Authors: Şahin Ekrem Sedat , Bilge Filiz
Published: January 2020

Bu çalışmanın amacı, evlenmemiş üniversite
öğrencilerinin evlilik konusunda, hangi kaynaklardan nasıl mesajlar aldığını
belirlemeye yönelik, Türk Kültürüne özgü, bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir.
Ölçeğin geliştirilmesinde karma araştırma yöntemlerinden keşfedici sıralı desen
kullanılmıştır. Ankara’daki bir devlet üniversitesinde öğrenimine devam eden
sekiz öğrenci ile bireysel görüşme ve iki ayrı odak grup görüşmesi
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Görüşme kayıtlarından elde edilen temaların içeriğine
göre ölçeğin madde havuzu oluşturulmuştur. Alan uzmanlarının görüş ve önerileri
doğrultusunda 49 maddelik deneme formu geliştirilerek, 32 üniversite
öğrencisine uygulanmış, dil açısından anlaşılmayan yerler düzeltilmiştir.
EMÖ’nün geçerliliği Açımlayıcı (AFA) ve Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA)
yöntemleri ile incelenmiştir. Ölçek, AFA’yı gerçekleştirmek için 276 erkek ve
332 kadın, toplam 608 öğrenciye uygulanmıştır. Analizler sonucunda ölçeğin dört
faktörlü ve 38 maddeli bir yapı sergilediği görülmüştür. EMÖ, bu haliyle DFA’yı
gerçekleştirmek için 165 erkek ve 148 kadın, toplam 313 öğrencilik farklı bir
gruba uygulanmıştır. DFA sonucunda EMÖ’nün 20 maddeli ve üç faktörlü bir
modelde kabul edilebilir uyum düzeyine sahip olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır. EMÖ’nün
güvenilirliği iç tutarlılık (Cronbach Alfa) ve test tekrar test yöntemleri ile
incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar, EMÖ ve Alt Ölçeklerinin güvenilirlik katsayılarının
yüksek düzeyde olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Evlilik mesajlarının kaynaklarının
ise “Aile, Arkadaşlar, Kitle İletişim Araçları ve Diğer Kurumlar” olduğu
saptanmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgulara göre sonuçlar tartışılmıştır.
ANLAMAYI İZLEME STRATEJİLERİNİN KEMAN ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN BİLİŞÖTESİ FARKINDALIK DÜZEYİNE ETKİSİ
Authors: Sakarya Gül , Şendurur Yılmaz
Published: January 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı “Anlamayı İzleme Stratejilerine Yönelik
Uygulamaların, Eğitim Fakültesi Güzel Sanatlar Eğitimi Bölümü Müzik Eğitimi
Anabilim Dalları’nda öğrenim görmekte olan keman öğrencilerinin bilişötesi
farkındalık düzeyine etkilerinin ortaya konmasıdır. Araştırmada karma yöntem
kullanılmış olup Araştırmanın deneysel kısmında deney kontrol gruplu öntest-
sontest modeli kullanılmış ve nitel boyutta ise durum çalışması olarak
belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonucunda Deney ve Kontrol gruplarının bilişötesi
farkındalık düzeyleri sontest puanları, “bilişin bilgisi” temel boyutunda
“açıklayıcı bilgi”, “prosedürel bilgi” ve “durumsal bilgi” alt boyutlarında ve
“bilişin düzenlenmesi” temel boyutunda “planlama”, “izleme”, “değerlendirme”,
“hata ayıklama” ve “bilgi yönetme” alt boyutlarında deney grubu lehine anlamlı
bir farklılık göstermiştir. Kontrol grubundaki katılımcıların bilişötesi
farkındalık düzeyleri toplamda ve tüm alt boyutlarda sontestlerde öntestlere
göre farklılık göstermemiştir.  Görüşme
sorularından elde edilen bulgulara göre anlamayı izleme stratejilerine dayalı
bireysel uygulamaların, öğrencilerin kendi çalışmalarını planlama, kendi
kendini yönlendirme, hatalarını fark edip düzeltmeye çalışma ve çalışmaya
güdülenme bakımından etkili olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
Trial application of acceptance and commitment therapy principles to reduce the degree of stress experienced by adolescents with down syndrome sibling(s)
Authors: Alhaque Afada , Joefiani Poeti , Wungu Esti
Published: January 2020

This study was conducted to see whether the training module of the application of the principle of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy can be used as an intervention to reduce the stress degree of adolescents aged 14 – 16 who have Down Syndrome’s sibling. The design of this research is quasi-experiment with One Group Pretest - Posttest Design method. The sample of the study were three adolescents aged 14 – 16 who had Down Syndrome’s sibling, were obtained by purposive sampling technique. The measuring tool used in this study is the Stress Degrees questionnaire, based on stress theory by Lazarus and Folkman (1984), to measure the stress degree, and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire II (AAQ-II) questionnaire to measure psychological flexibility, adapted into Indonesian from AAQ-II (Hayes, et al, 2004). The results showed that the application of the ACT principle significantly reduced the stress degree and increased the psychological flexibility of adolescents aged 14 – 16 who have Down Syndrome’s sibling, with a significance value of 0.016 (sig <0.05). Through the application of ACT principles, the subjects's psychological flexibility is increased so that the subjects know how to deal with problems, by accepting negative or unpleasant feelings and thoughts because of having Down Syndrome’s sibling and having a commitment to achieve goals according with their value of life.
Understanding the dynamics of friendship formation among high school adolescent: Indigenous psychology approach
Authors: Wicaksono Banyu , Adiyanti Maria Goretti
Published: January 2020

How friendship between adolescent peers was formed is yet to be understood clearly. Whereas number of studies has clearly linked quality of friendship to various adaptive ability, school performance, and academic achievements. This study attempted to understand the dynamics of friendship formation in sample Javanese adolescents using indigenous psychology as its’ paradigm. Data was obtained from 120 respondents, (82 Girls, and 38 Boys) using open-ended questionnaire, which asks about how friendship between the respondent and their best friend(s) was formed. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis to identify themes and subthemes that indicates how friendship was formed. The result showed that there are two major theme that emerges in the beginning of friendship formation followed by other qualities related to it. This study reveals one more important aspect to be considered in understanding friendship formation between adolescents and their close friends
Parent and child relations in the perspective of adolescents with Juvenile delinquency
Authors: Sari Nourmarifa , Nurhayati Siti Rohmah
Published: January 2020

This study aims to determine the relationship between parents and children in the perspective of adolescents with juvenile deliquency. This study uses qualitative methods with a phenomenological approach. The research subjects were two boys aged 16-20 years who had a delinquency scale score ≥17. In addition, the researcher uses the Theunnisen Delinquency Scale, as a deliquency scale, which has been translated and adjusted to the current conditions in Indonesia. As the result, it can be showed that relations according to adolescents with risky behavior were the existence of positive and negative relations. Positive relationships such as nurturing, transmitting values, closeness, attention, and togetherness. Negative relationships such as lack of support, lack of understanding, communication errors between parents and children, and conflicts that are not accompanied by good conflict management.
Lei de Benford aplicada à auditoria da reforma do Aeroporto Internacional de Minas Gerais
Authors: Bugarin Maurício Soares , Cunha Flávia Ceccato Rodrigues da
Published: January 2020

A Lei de Benford propõe que as frequências dos primeiros dígitos dos valores em um banco de dados sejam decrescentes do 1 ao 9; o primeiro dígito 1 apareceria em, aproximadamente, 30% dos dados, enquanto o 9 não atingiria 5% desses valores. Este trabalho apresenta uma seleção de testes usados na literatura empírica e tem como objetivo principal verificar se um algoritmo geral adotado para a seleção da amostra de auditoria é aplicável à planilha da obra de reforma do Aeroporto Internacional de Minas Gerais. Os resultados são comparados com aqueles encontrados na auditoria do Tribunal de Contas da União, que adota a metodologia da Curva ABC para a seleção da amostra, mostrando que pelo menos 86% do valor total do sobrepreço identificado seria exposto caso a nova metodologia tivesse sido aplicada.
Inovação no processo de compra de medicamentos: estudo de caso do Ministério da Saúde
Authors: Carneiro Dayse Karenine de Oliveira , Junior Pedro Carlos Resende
Published: January 2020

A implementação de inovações no setor público oferece oportunidades de modernização da gestão pública, com o intuito de proporcionar relevantes melhorias de eficiência, eficácia, efetividade e ética nas ações do Estado. O objetivo do presente artigo consiste em analisar a inovação no processo de compra de medicamentos do Ministério da Saúde (MS). A partir da literatura que discute a inovação no setor público proposta pelos autores De Vries, Bekkers e Tummers (2015), foi realizada análise de conteúdo proveniente de dois grupos focais com gestores e usuários da inovação, que revelou a oportunidade de: a) caracterizar a inovação do MS; b) identificar dimensões e variáveis da literatura presentes e ausentes no fenômeno; c) apresentar novas variáveis relacionadas ao Processo Eletrônico de Compras (PEC), sistema implementado pelo Ministério da Saúde para otimizar o processo de compras governamentais de medicamentos e insumos para a saúde. Outrossim, foi feita uma análise documental que ratificou os resultados dos grupos focais e demonstrou o desempenho da inovação no contexto do referido órgão.
Accountability democrática e a mudança da ordem política europeia
Authors: Olsen Johan P.
Published: January 2020

Este artigo aborda o tema da accountability democrática e de uma Europa lutando para encontrar respostas viáveis para as questões de quem e o que deve constituir a "Europa" e como desenvolver instituições políticas legítimas para governá-la. O artigo trata dos problemas relacionados à ordem e à mudança políticas; às regras para a convivência; ao papel da política democrática na sociedade; às relações entre a organização política e a convivência civilizada; e ao estudo político. As democracias modernas convivem com conflitos não resolvidos e os regimes de accountability fazem parte de um arranjo institucional para preservar a ordem e a continuidade e também para criar dinâmicas de mudança. Os processos de responsabilização ocorrem dentro de ordens estabelecidas e não estabelecidas, e elas afetam e são afetadas pelas ordens existentes. Sem negar a importância dos interesses contundentes, das lutas de poder, do comportamento estratégico, dos jogos não cooperativos e das batalhas (re)distributivas, a atenção é direcionada para a busca da unidade, coesão política e solidariedade, com base no consentimento informado e voluntário das pessoas por meio da reflexão e deliberações fundamentadas entre indivíduos com diferentes valores, interesses, entendimentos e recursos.
Smartphone Monitoring of Participants’ Engagement With Home Practice During Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction: Observational Study
Authors: Parsons Christine E , Madsen Maria A , Jensen Kasper Løvborg , Kæseler Simon , Fjorback Lone Overby , Piet Jacob , Roepstorff Andreas , Linehan Conor
Published: January 2020

Background

Standardized mindfulness training courses involve significant at-home assignments of meditation practice. Participants’ self-reported completion of these assignments has been correlated with treatment outcomes, but self-reported data are often incomplete and potentially biased. In addition, mindfulness teachers typically suggest that participants set aside a regular practice time, preferably in the morning, but the extent to which participants do this has not been empirically examined.

Objective

This study aimed to analyze patterns of participant engagement with home practice in a mindfulness-based stress reduction course.

Methods

We used a novel smartphone app to provide 25 participants with access to their daily practice assignments during the 8-week course. We analyzed data collected through our smartphone app to determine usage and listening patterns and performed analyses of the regularity and frequency of participant behavior.

Results

We found that participants listened to a median of 3 of the 6 practice sessions per week, and they did not typically set aside a regular daily practice time. Across weekdays, participants practiced most frequently in the morning, but there was considerable variation in participants’ practice start times. On weekends, the peak practice time was in the evening.

Conclusions

We suggest that it is feasible to integrate a smartphone-monitoring approach into existing mindfulness interventions. High-frequency smartphone monitoring can provide insights into how and when participants complete their homework, information that is important in supporting treatment engagement.