bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Controlling quality and amount of mitochondria by mitophagy: insights into the role of ubiquitination and deubiquitination
Authors: Tan Tao , Zimmermann Marcel , Reichert Andreas S.
Published: May 2016

Mitophagy is a selective autophagy pathway conserved in eukaryotes and plays an essential role in mitochondrial quality and quantity control. Mitochondrial fission and fusion cycles maintain a certain amount of healthy mitochondria and allow the isolation of damaged mitochondria for their elimination by mitophagy. Mitophagy can be classified into receptor-dependent and ubiquitin-dependent pathways. The mitochondrial outer membrane protein Atg32 is identified as the only known receptor for mitophagy in baker’s yeast, whereas mitochondrial proteins FUNDC1, NIX/BNIP3L, BNIP3 and Bcl2L13 are recognized as mitophagy receptors in mammalian cells. Earlier studies showed that ubiquitination and deubiquitination occurs in yeast, yet there is no direct evidence for an ubiquitin-dependent mitophagy pathway in this organism. In contrast, a ubiquitin-/PINK1-/Parkin-dependent mitophagy pathway was unraveled and was extensively characterized in mammals in recent years. Recently, a quantitative method termed synthetic quantitative array (SQA) technology was developed to identify modulators of mitophagy in baker’s yeast on a genome-wide level. The Ubp3-Bre5 deubiquitination complex was found as a negative regulator of mitophagy while promoting other autophagic pathways. Here we discuss how ubiquitination and deubiquitination regulates mitophagy and other selective forms of autophagy and what argues for using baker’s yeast as a model to study the ubiquitin-dependent mitophagy pathway.
Biological and biochemical characteristics of a Mediterranean population with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Savona-Ventura Charles , Vassallo Josanne , Craus Johann , Anastasiou Eleni , Jotic Aleksandra , Lalic Nebojsa M. , Slama Claude Ben , Loscos Adele Rovira , Napoli Angela , Roma Giona
Published: May 2016

The interplay of various nutrients provided to the developing foetus determines the growth potential of the conceptus. This study assessed the inter-relationship between these nutrients in a Mediterranean population including 1062 pregnant, previously non-diabetic women. These underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (oGTT) and were accordingly classified into gestational hyperglycaemic and normoglycaemic groups. Fasting insulin, HbA1c, and lipid profiles were further assessed, and the anthropomorphic characteristics of the mother and child at birth were measured. Lipid profiles were compared between the two groups and related to the biological characteristics of the mother and child at birth. Gestational hyperglycaemia was significantly associated with elevated triglycerides (P<0.0001) and decreased low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (P=0.02). There were no significant changes in total cholesterol and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Maternal BMI correlated positively with the various glycaemic indices (P<0.0001) and triglycerides (P<0.0001), but inversely with cholesterol (P<0.0001), HDL-C (P<0.0001) and LDL-C (P<0.0001). The infant birth weight correlated positively with maternal body weight (P<0.0001), LDL-C (P<0.0001) and the glycaemic indices (P<0.0001), but negatively with cholesterol (P<0.0001), triglycerides (P<0.0001), HDL-C (P<0.0001) and FBG (P<0.0001). This study confirms that the maternal body mass index (BMI), insulin resistance, and LDL-C levels positively contribute towards foetal growth, whereas a negative correlation was noted with cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL-C.
Is omitting the 3rd hour measurement in the 100 g oral glucose tolerance test feasible?
Authors: Şükür Yavuz Emre , Seval Mehmet Murat , Özmen Batuhan , Yalçin İbrahim , Karaeren Zihni , Söylemez Feride , Koç Acar
Published: May 2016

To evaluate the diagnostic value of the 3

Records of all pregnant patients with abnormal 50 g glucose challenge test (GCT) between January 2005 and December 2013 were reviewed (n=1963). The 100 g OGTT results were analyzed separately for both Carpenter & Couston (CC) and National Diabetes Data Group (NDDG) criteria.

The number of patients diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) was 297 (15.1%) according to CC criteria and 166 (8.4%) according to NDDG criteria. The 1

Omitting 3
Congruence of Inherent and Acquired Values Facilitates Reward-Based Decision-Making
Authors: Chien Samson , Wiehler Antonius , Spezio Michael , Gläscher Jan
Published: May 2016

Most real-life cues exhibit certain inherent values that may interfere with or facilitate the acquisition of new expected values during associative learning. In particular, when inherent and acquired values are congruent, learning may progress more rapidly. Here we investigated such an influence through a 2 × 2 factorial design, using attractiveness (high/low) of the facial picture as a proxy for the inherent value of the cue and its reward probability (high/low) as a surrogate for the acquired value. Each picture was paired with a monetary win or loss either congruently or incongruently. Behavioral results from 32 human participants indicated both faster response time and faster learning rate for value-congruent cue–outcome pairings. Model-based fMRI analysis revealed a fractionation of reinforcement learning (RL) signals in the ventral striatum, including a strong and novel correlation between the cue-specific decaying learning rate and BOLD activity in the ventral caudate. Additionally, we detected a functional link between neural signals of both learning rate and reward prediction error in the ventral striatum, and the signal of expected value in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, showing a novel confirmation of the mathematical RL model via functional connectivity.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMost real-world decisions require the integration of inherent value and sensitivity to outcomes to facilitate adaptive learning. Inherent value is drawing increasing interest from decision scientists because it influences decisions in contexts ranging from advertising to investing. This study provides novel insight into how inherent value influences the acquisition of new expected value during associative learning. Specifically, we find that the congruence between the inherent value and the acquired reward influences the neural coding of learning rate. We also show for the first time that neuroimaging signals coding the learning rate, prediction error, and acquired value follow the multiplicative Rescorla–Wagner learning rule, a finding predicted by reinforcement learning theory.
“All the Heavens in your Hands”
Authors: Zoccatelli PierLuigi
Published: May 2016

Damanhur is a New Age community located in the Chiusella Valley in Italy. It is the center of an international movement. Its founder, Oberto Airaudi, who passed away in 2013, produced a distinctive form of art based on the spiral form. The article explores Airaudi’s artistic career as a painter and the role of art in the Damanhur community and movement. It suggests that, besides being works of art sold to collectors, these paintings are religious artifacts, whose main purpose is to generate, with the cooperation of their viewers and the community of Damanhur, powerful energies working for the benefit of the whole planet.
New Religious Movements and the Visual Arts
Authors: Introvigne Massimo
Published: May 2016

Contrary to popular conceptions, modern artists are often religious. Some of them are part of mainstream religions including Catholicism, Protestantism, Judaism, and Islam. Others try to establish new religions and forms of spirituality based on art itself. A significant number of artists, while alienated from traditional religions, were either part of, or deeply influenced by, new religious movements and esoteric groups. Scholars have particularly focused on the influence of the Theosophical Society on the visual arts, but other movements have also been significant.
“Theosophical” Artistic Networks in the Americas, 1920–1950
Authors: Introvigne Massimo
Published: May 2016

Latin American scholars have discussed interbellum “Theosophical networks” interested in new forms of spirituality as alternatives to Catholicism, positivism and Marxism. In this article I argue that these networks included not only progressive intellectuals and political activists but also artists in Latin America, the United States and Canada, and that their interests in alternative spirituality contributed significantly to certain artistic currents. I discuss three central locations for these networks, in part involving the same artists: revolutionary Mexico in the 1920s; New York in the late 1920s and 1930s; and New Mexico in the late 1930s and 1940s. The Theosophical Society, the Delphic Society, Agni Yoga and various Rosicrucian organizations attracted several leading American artists involved in the networks.
Esoteric Themes in the Artistic Works of Janina Kraupe
Authors: Trzcińska Izabela
Published: May 2016

The purpose of this article is to present the character and art of Janina Kraupe, a renowned Polish painter influenced by esoteric thought. While Theosophical concepts constitute one of the most important inspirations in her life, she borrows the concept of universal evolution from Anthroposophy, and her artistic experiments with geometric forms and the symbolism of color are influenced by astrology, Kabbalah, and Christian mysticism. Kraupe searches for a common ground in all these traditions, and her art is a synthesis of religious themes.
Gestational diabetic transcriptomic profiling of microdissected human trophoblast
Authors: Bari Muhammad Furqan , Ngo Sherry , Bastie Claire C , Sheppard Allan M , Vatish Manu
Published: May 2016

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), the most common metabolic complication of pregnancy, is influenced by the placenta, and its prevalence directly increases with obesity. Therefore, to define the aetiology of GDM requires that the confounding influence of obesity and the heterogeneous nature of the placenta impairing accurate quantitative studies be accounted for. Using laser capture microdissection (LCM), we optimized RNA extraction from human placental trophoblast, the metabolic cellular interface between mother and foetus. This allowed specific transcriptomic profiling of trophoblast isolated from GDM, and obese and normal human placentae. Genome-wide gene expression analysis was performed on the RNA extracted from the trophoblast of GDM and obese and normal placentae. Forty-five differentially expressed genes (DEGs) specifically discriminated GDM from matched obese subjects. Two genes previously linked with GDM, pregnancy specific beta-1 glycoprotein 6 (PSG6) and placental system A sodium-dependent transporter system (SLC38A1), were significantly increased in GDM. A number of these DEGs (8 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (UBE) splice variants (UBE2D3 variants 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 9) and UBE2V1 variant 4)) were involved in RNA processing and splicing, and a significant number of the DEGs, including the UBE variants, were associated with increased maternal fasting plasma glucose. It is concluded that DEGs discriminating GDM from obese subjects were pinpointed. Our data indicate a biological link between genes involved in RNA processing and splicing, ubiquitination, and fasting plasma glucose in GDM taking into account obesity as the confounder.
Hematological changes and resistance of erythrocytes of crimean horses in response to 32 km races
Authors: Andriichuk A. , Tkachenko H. , Tkachova I.
Published: May 2016

Aim. The aim of the present study was to investigate the alterations of some hematological parameters (hae- matocrit (HCT), haemoglobin concentration (HGB), the count of red blood cells (RBC), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), red cell distribution width (RDW), as well as resistance of erythrocytes to urea and hydrogen peroxide in horses after 32 km endurance race. Methods. Seven horses from Crimea region (Bilohirsk, Crimean region) were involved in this study. Haematological parameters (haematocrit (HCT), haemoglobin concentration (HGB), the count of red blood cells (RBC), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), red cell distribution width (RDW)) were determined with use of hematological and biochemical methods. Blood samples have been investigated by centrifugation at 3,000 g for 15 min. The peroxide and osmotic resistance of erythrocytes were
determined spectrophoto- metrically at 540 nm by monitoring the rate of erythrocytes disintegration by hydrogen peroxide. Endurance h orses used in this study are trained and conditioned to perform over long distances at moderate speeds. The prolonged exercises were used in endurance race. The walk about 3 km/h for 20 min, the trot about 7 km/h for 15 min, and the canter about 5 km/h for 15 min) and the walk about 1 km were repeated for 1 h (phase I); rest in an outdoor paddock without access to water for 30 min. And phase II: the walk about 3 km/h for 20 min, the trot about 7 km/h for 15 min, and the canter about 5 km/h for 15 min) and the walk about 1 km was repeated for 1 h. Results. The results of the present study showed that adequate endurance race of low intensity could im- prove oxygen-dependent respiratory function in horses from Crimean region. Furthermore, the non-signifi cant increase of red blood cells indices in endurance horses indicate about good athletic level after 32 km endur- ance ride.
Statistically signifi cant differences in the percentage of hemolyzed erythrocytes between pre- and post-ride period were observed and thereby signifying an oxidative stress-dependent impairment of erythrocyte stability. Conclusions. The haematological changes caused by various physical efforts refl ect changes in the functions of different systems and can be used for health control and diagnosis of diseases. It also allow the evaluating the level of sport performance, the accuracy of training, and physiological condition of horses.
Динаміка активності амінотрансфераз сироватки крові щурів за оксидаційного стресу та дії ліпосомального препарату
Authors: Khariv М. I.
Published: May 2016

The article presents the results of testing the effect of a developed complex liposomal medicinal product on the dynamics of aminotransferase activity indices of the organisms of rats under conditions of designed oxidative stress induced by means of carbon tetrachloride application. It was demonstrated that intramuscular administration to rats from the tested groups of 50% tetrachloroethene at the dose of 0.25 ml to100 gof body weight causes antigen loading on the organism and increase in the cell membrane penetrability of hepatocytes and mitochondrial membranes. This was demonstrated by increase in activity of aminotransferase in the blood serum during the whole period of the experiment. On the second day of the test aspartate transaminase increased 2.5 times, alanine aminotransferase twice and the coefficient of AST/ALT by 30% in comparison with the control group. On the 14th day of the test the activity of these indices was higher compared to the indices in the control group, AST and ALT by 93% and 81% respectively, the coefficient index was higher and was equal to 2.89 ±0.05 incomparison to the index for the control (2.72 ± 0.04), that is 9% higher than the control indices. In order to normalize cell membrane penetrability of hepatocytes and mitochondrial membranes under conditions of oxidative stress, it is useful to apply a liposomal medicinal product containing butafosfan, interferon, cardus marianus and vitamins. The application of the liposomal medicinal product to rats under the experimental conditions of oxidative stress caused the normalization of enzyme activity of reamidation in the blood, namely normalization of AST and ALT activity in the blood serum. On the 14th day the indices of enzyme activity of aminotransferase in the blood of the tested rats fluctuated within the physiological values that demonstrate the normalization of cell membrane penetrability of hepatocytes and mitochondrial membranes under conditions of oxidative stress and the liposomal effect of the medicinal product.
The Philosophy and Semantics of the Cognitive Science of Religion
Authors: Gardiner Mark Q. , Engler Steven
Published: May 2016

This article brings philosophy into dialogue with cognitive science of religion (CSR). After a brief overview of CSR and theories of meaning, we explore the philosophical semantic constraints of CSR. We focus on how the beliefs and behaviours of religious adherents, as conceived by CSR, can be meaningful in ways that illuminate the scholar’s understanding of religious phenomena. We argue that CSR is committed to an externalist and holistic semantics. This highlights a potentially problematic tension between the beliefs of religious people and the explanations proposed by CSR. We end by suggesting that this tension could be resolved if CSR were to give more attention to external factors (e.g., biological, cultural, environmental etc.).
Proton Induced X-Ray Emission (PIXE) Analysis on Thick Samples at HUS 5SDH-2 Tandem Accelerator System
Authors: Khiem Le Hong , Nghia Nguyen The , Phong Vi Ho , Loat Bui Van
Published: May 2016

The main purpose of this work is to establish a method of elemental analysis by Proton-Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) technique on thick samples. Our study has been carried out at Hanoi University of Science (HUS) using a 5SDH-2 Tandem accelerator. The X-ray spectra were measured by a Si(Li) detector (FWHM = 139 eV at 5.9 keV) and analyzed off-line using GUPIX software. The validity of the proposed method has been checked through its application to NIST standard samples. The concentrations of the elements have been determined in the standard samples are in agreement with the certified values within the error limits. Our method is now used for the analysis of environmental samples at our laboratory
The Light-to-heat Conversion of Gold Nanoshells and Nanorods in Tissues
Authors: Duong Vu Thuy , Thuong Trinh Thi , Lien Nghiem Thi Ha , Hoa Do Quang , Nhung Tran Hong
Published: May 2016

We perform a set of experiments on photo-heating in tissues containing gold nanoshells (NSs) and nanorods (NRs). The temperature of tissues were measured with different amounts gold NSs and NRs under illumination of a continuous diode laser at 808 nm and power density from 20 to 62 W/cm\(^{2}\). The temperature of the tissues injected gold nanoparticles increased to $66 \pm  4\(^{\circ}\)C for \(2.1 \times 10^{8}\) NSs and  \(73\pm  4\) \(^{\circ}\)C for gold \(5.4 \times 10^{9}\) NRs after 10 min exposition at power density 35 W/cm\(^{2}\). The control tissue without gold nanoparticles demonstrated a significantly lower temperature \(40 \pm  4\) \(^{\circ}\)C in the same time of illumination. The temperature can be reached up to around 100\(^{\circ}\)C for tissue with both NSs and NRs at 62 W/cm\(^{2}\) inrradiation for \(7-10\) min.
Cold Atmospheric Pressure Gliding arc Plasma Jet for Decontamination
Authors: Tung Do Hoang , Minh Bach Sy , Thom Vu Thi , Trang Lam Thi Huyen , Huong Cao Thi , Tuyen Nguyen Thi
Published: May 2016

A cold atmospheric pressure gliding arc plasma jet hasbeen developed and applied to disinfection. The size of the plasma output is about 6 mm in diameter and 10 mm in length. Ar gas at a flow rate of 10 slm and 25 W plasma power are used. Plasma discharge is produced between the divergent electrodes and the jet appears as an effluence of the gas flow. When a \textnormal{pseudomonas} culture is placed at 8 mm below the torch for 1minute, where the gas is at room temperature, the bacteria within a 16 mm diameter circle are almost completely killed. As the UV radiation is well below the safety regulation, the bacteria are inactivated by the total effect of UV radiation and others like the reactive species and the charged particles.
Measurement of the Upper Tropospheric Density and Temperature Profiles in Hanoi Using a Raman Lidar
Authors: Tuan Nguyen Xuan , Trung Dinh Van , Binh Nguyen Thanh , Hai Bui Van
Published: May 2016

The nitrogen molecular density and temperature profiles of the upper troposphere are measured by a Raman lidar system in Hanoi over the range from 3 km to 19 km. The spatial and temporal resolutions of profiles are 60 m and 1h, respectively. The nitrogen molecular density profiles are directly calculated from the range-corrected lidar signal. The temperature profiles are derived from the molecular density profile based on the assumptions of the hydrostatic equilibrium, the ideal-gas law and a fixed nitrogen molecule ratio in the atmosphere. The results of our lidar measurements show good agreement with the MSISE-90 atmospheric model. The maximum errors of density and temperature measurements are 6% and 7%, respectively. We estimated the height of tropopause in Hanoi about 16 km from the derived temperature profile. The measured density and temperature profiles from this Raman lidar can be used for studying the trends and characteristics of the upper troposphere in Hanoi.
Strong Electron Correlation in Cu-doped CaO Nanocolloid
Authors: Trang Nguyen Thuy , Nhat Hoang Nam
Published: May 2016

Theoretical prediction of magnetism induced by defects or doping in non-metallic colloids has gained a renewed interests recently. In this work, we investigated the possible appearance of magnetism in Cu doped CaO nanocolloids activated by SPAN-80 in the framework of density functional theory (DFT). Despite of strong antiferromagnetic superexchange interaction between Cu$^{2 + }$ ions, the local magnetic moment of Cu may arise due to attachment of colloidal agent onto the surface of CaO nanocluster. The ferromagnetism attributes to the degeneration of Cu 3d orbitals in CaO crystal fields, the aspects of electron correlation and quantum spin fluctuation. %PACS number: 42.30.R, 42.40.Ht, 42.30.Kq
Isotropic Robertson-Walker model universe with dynamical cosmological parameter Λ in Brans-Dicke Theory of Gravitation
Authors: Singh Kangujam Priyokumar , Dewri Mukunda
Published: May 2016

This paper discusses about Robertson-Walker space-time with quadratic equation of state and dynamical cosmological parameter Λ . Some exact solutions of Einstein’s field equations for three cases have been obtained. Physical behaviors of the models are discussed in detail.
Hydrothermal Synthesis and Optical Properties of Undoped and \(\text{Eu}^{3+}\)-doped Zinc Stannate Nanocrystals
Authors: Thien Nguyen Duy , Tu Nguyen Ngoc , Viet Ngo Nhu , Phuong Nguyen Duy , Vu Le Van , Long Nguyen Ngoc
Published: May 2016

Abstract. In this work we report a hydrothermal approach for synthesis of zinc stannate (Zn2SnO4)nanocrystals. Our research focused on the effect of the molar ratio of initial chemicals, reaction temperature and reaction duration on the phase composition and the fluorescence properties.Structural and optical properties of the final products were investigated in detail. X-ray diffractionanalysis indicated that the Zn2SnO4 nanocrystals possess face-centered cubic crystal structure.Raman scattering spectra exhibit two characteristic vibrational modes of Zn2SnO4 crystals. Optical band gap of Eu3+-doped Zn2SnO4 nanocrystals obviously depends on Eu3+content. Theroom-temperature emission spectra of the undoped Zn2SnO4 nanocrystals show two broad bands,while the photoluminescence spectra of Eu3+-doped Zn2SnO4 nanocrystals exhibit the emissionpeaks related to the radiative intra-configurational f-f tr ansitions of Eu3+ions. The absorptiontransitions within Eu3+ions were observed both in the photoluminescence excitation spectra andin the diffuse reflection spectra.
PREVENTION OF CHILLING INJURY IN 'TOMMY ATKINS' MANGOES PREVIOUSLY STORED AT 5 ºC, USING HEAT TREATMENT AND RADIATION UV (UV-C)
Authors: MIGUEL ANA CAROLINA ALMEIDA , DURIGAN JOSÉ FERNANDO , MARQUES KELLY MAGALHÃES , MORGADO CRISTIANE MARIA ASCARI , FERRAUDO ANTONIO SERGIO
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of heat treatment and ultraviolet radiation (UV-C) in the prevention of chilling injury in mangoes cv. Tommy Atkins previously stored or not under injury condition after their transference to ambient condition. Fruits were divided into groups: two were hydrothermally treated (46.1 ºC/90 min; 55 ºC/5 min) and two were exposed to UV-C radiation (1.14 kJ m-2; 2.28 kJ m-2). These groups were stored under chilling injury conditions (5 ºC for 14 days), as established in preliminary tests. Other untreated groups were stored at 12 ºC or 5 ºC. After the storage period, they were transferred to ambient conditions (21.9 ºC; 55% RH) and the quality was evaluated. All the data were submitted to multivariate analysis as the tool to verify the simultaneous effect of the treatments under the quality parameters. The multivariate analysis indicated that the hydrothermal treatments at 46.1 °C/90 min and 55 °C/5 min and the UV-C radiation at doses of 1.14 kJ m-2 and 2.28 kJ m-2 were effective in minimized the symptoms of chilling injury in mangoes ‘Tommy Atkins’ stored at 5 °C for 14 days. However, after their transference to environmental condition at 21.9 °C, only the UV-C kept this control, especially at a dose of 2.28 kJ m-2. This treatment did not prevent the development of the characteristic color or affected the normal ripening and allowed the conservation of fruit for a period of 14 days at 5 °C, plus seven days of storage at environmental condition, which corresponds to the shipping transportation plus the time for sale.
POTENCIAIS BENEFÍCIOS DO AUMENTO DA TEMPERATURA DE ARMAZENAGEM EM ATMOSFERA CONTROLADA DE MAÇÃS ‘GALA’ TRATADAS COM 1-MCP
Authors: MAZZURANA ELIS REGINA , ARGENTA LUIZ CARLOS , AMARANTE CASSANDRO VIDAL TALAMINI DO , STEFFENS CRISTIANO ANDRÉ
Published: May 2016

RESUMO O armazenamento refrigerado pode induzir o desenvolvimento de danos por frio (caracterizado pelo escurecimento de polpa) em maçãs de algumas cultivares, mesmo quando mantidas em temperatura superior ao ponto de congelamento. O presente estudo avaliou o aumento da temperatura de armazenagem de maçãs clones de ‘Gala’ sob atmosfera controlada (AC), tratadas com 1-metilciclopropeno (1-MCP), como método para redução do desenvolvimento de escurecimento da polpa e do consumo de energia durante o armazenamento. Experimentos foram conduzidos em 2011, com maçãs produzidas em Fraiburgo (armazenadas em câmaras experimentais a -0,3 e 1,2 °C, e em câmaras comerciais a 0,7 e 2 °C) e em São Joaquim (armazenadas em câmaras comerciais a 0,8; 1,4 e 1,9 °C). Frutos de todos os tratamentos foram mantidos sob AC (1,8±0,2 kPa de O2 e 2,0±0,2 kPa de CO2/UR de 91±4%), sendo que metade dos frutos de cada temperatura de armazenamento foi tratada com 1-MCP. Os frutos foram analisados após o armazenamento em AC quanto à firmeza da polpa e incidência de escurecimento da polpa, rachaduras e podridões. De maneira geral, maçãs armazenadas em temperaturas mais elevadas mantiveram melhor firmeza da polpa e apresentaram menor incidência de escurecimento da polpa rachaduras e podridões, quando não tratadas com 1-MCP. O tratamento com 1-MCP retardou a perda de firmeza de polpa e reduziu a ocorrência de escurecimento de polpa e rachaduras. O aumento da temperatura de armazenagem em câmaras comerciais de AC em Fraiburgo, de 0,7 °C para 2,0 °C resultou em economia no consumo de energia em aproximadamente 21% para ventilação do ar da câmara e 50% para refrigeração.
KARYOTYPE ANALYSIS IN GRAPEVINES
Authors: PIEROZZI NEIVA IZABEL , MOURA MARA FERNANDES
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT Seven species of Vitis L., V. champinii Planchon, V. cinerea (Engelm in Gray) Engelm, V. girdiana Munson, V. labrusca L., V. rotundifolia Michaux, V. rupestres Scheels and V. vinifera L. were studied with the purpose of complementing the karyomorphometric information for further comparative analyses. Based on ideograms and on chromosome measures obtained it was possible to see several differences among the species, which were enough to distinguish at least V. champinii and V. girdiana from the others as well as V. labrusca for the lowest measures and V. rotundifolia for the highest mean value of arm ratio. It seems that during the species diversification process the most crucial differences among them did not involve drastic changes in chromosome morphometry.
DESENVOLVIMENTO INICIAL DE MUDAS DE Euterpe ssp. APÓS A APLICAÇÃO DE HERBICIDAS
Authors: QUEIROZ JULIANA ROBERTA GOBI , JUNIOR ANTÔNIO CARLOS DA SILVA , PEREIRA MARIA RENATA ROCHA , MARTINS DAGOBERTO
Published: May 2016

RESUMO O conhecimento sobre a aplicação de herbicidas em palmeiras frutíferas é quase inexistente. Assim, esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar o desenvolvimento inicial de mudas de Euterpe oleraceae e Euterpe edulis após a aplicação de herbicidas.Foram conduzidos estudos em duas épocas (fevereiro de 2013 e janeiro de 2014) para cada espécie, no delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos testados foram: fluazifop-p-butyl (93,8 g ha-1); sethoxydim (184 g ha-1); quizalofop-p-ethyl (75 g ha-1), (clethodim + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl) (50 + 50 g ha-1); fomesafen (225 g ha-1); lactofen (168 g ha-1); nicosulfuron (50 g ha-1); MSMA (1.422 g ha), al-1ém de uma testemunha sem aplicação de herbicida. A pulverização foi realizada sobre as mudas que apresentavam altura entre 45 e 50 cm. Foram realizadas avaliações visuais de fitotoxidade, altura das plantas aos 7; 14; 21; 28; 35; 42 e 49 dias após a aplicação (DAA)e ao final a massa seca da parte aérea.Visualmente, todos os herbicidas testados foram seletivos às duas espécies de palmeiras estudadas e quando ocorreram sintomas de injúrias(máximo 14%), estes dissiparam-se aos 49 DAA. Ao analisar-se a altura e o acúmulo de massa seca das plantas, observou-se que a palmeira E. oleracea foi mais tolerante aos herbicidas que a E. edulis. Todos os herbicidas testados podem ser recomendados para E. oleracea. Quanto à E. edulis, apenas os herbicidas sethoxydim, nicosulfuron e a mistura de clethodim + fenoxaprop-p-ethyl não afetaram o desenvolvimento inicial das mudas nos dois anos de estudos.
EFECTOS DEL ENRIQUECIMIENTO CON SELENIO EN SPAD, CALIDAD DE LA FRUTA Y PARÁMETROS DE CRECIMIENTO DE PLANTAS DE FRESA EN UN SISTEMA DE CULTIVO SIN SUELO
Authors: PALENCIA PEDRO , MARTINEZ FATIMA , BURDUCEA MARIAN , OLIVEIRA JOSE ALBERTO , GIRALDE INMACULADA
Published: May 2016

RESUMEN El selenio (Se) es un elemento traza esencial no solo para animales, plantas y microorganismos, sino también para la salud de las personas. Por ello, parece que aumentar las cantidades de selenio en plantas puede tener implicaciones positivas. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar en un sistema de cultivo sin suelo con fibra de coco el efecto del selenito (Se IV) y selenato (Se VI) en el peso, calidad de las frutas de fresa, así como en variables de crecimiento y contenido de clorofilas de las hojas jóvenes y adultas de la planta de fresa de la variedad ‘Splendor’. Los tratamientos fueron: T1 Se(IV)F (foliar), T2 Se(IV)S (sustrato), T3 Se(VI)F, T4 Se(VI)S y T5 control (sin aporte de Se). Se aplicaron semanalmente las mismas concentraciones de Se(IV) y Se(VI). Los resultados del análisis mostraron que el efecto de los tratamientos sobre firmeza, sólidos solubles totales y acidez titratable en frutas fue significativo. Los valores más altos de firmeza y sólidos solubles fueron mostrados por el tratamiento T4. Los mayores valores para el pH se producen en los tratamientos con T2 y T4. Los resultados indican que el Se tiene un efecto positivo sobre los valores de SPAD en hoja vieja. Las plantas con tratamiento de selenio presentaron un mayor número de hojas en relación a las plantas control.
Low-level laser therapy for the prevention of low salivary flow rate after radiotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer
Authors: Gonnelli Fernanda Aurora Stabile , Palma Luiz Felipe , Giordani Adelmo José , Deboni Aline Lima Silva , Dias Rodrigo Souza , Segreto Roberto Araújo , Segreto Helena Regina Comodo
Published: May 2016

Abstract Objective: To determine whether low-level laser therapy can prevent salivary hypofunction after radiotherapy and chemotherapy in head and neck cancer patients. Materials and Methods: We evaluated 23 head and neck cancer patients, of whom 13 received laser therapy and 10 received clinical care only. An InGaAlP laser was used intra-orally (at 660 nm and 40 mW) at a mean dose of 10.0 J/cm2 and extra-orally (at 780 nm and 15 mW) at a mean dose of 3.7 J/cm2, three times per week, on alternate days. Stimulated and unstimulated sialometry tests were performed before the first radiotherapy and chemotherapy sessions (N0) and at 30 days after the end of treatment (N30). Results: At N30, the mean salivary flow rates were significantly higher among the laser therapy patients than among the patients who received clinical care only, in the stimulated and unstimulated sialometry tests (p = 0.0131 and p = 0.0143, respectively). Conclusion: Low-level laser therapy, administered concomitantly with radiotherapy and chemotherapy, appears to mitigate treatment-induced salivary hypofunction in patients with head and neck cancer.
Balloon-based adjuvant radiotherapy in breast cancer: comparison between 99mTc and HDR 192Ir
Authors: Campos Tarcísio Passos Ribeiro de , Lima Carla Flavia de , Cuperschmid Ethel Mizrahy
Published: May 2016

Abstract Objective: To perform a comparative dosimetric analysis, based on computer simulations, of temporary balloon implants with 99mTc and balloon brachytherapy with high-dose-rate (HDR) 192Ir, as boosts to radiotherapy. We hypothesized that the two techniques would produce equivalent doses under pre-established conditions of activity and exposure time. Materials and Methods: Simulations of implants with 99mTc-filled and HDR 192Ir-filled balloons were performed with the Siscodes/MCNP5, modeling in voxels a magnetic resonance imaging set related to a young female. Spatial dose rate distributions were determined. In the dosimetric analysis of the protocols, the exposure time and the level of activity required were specified. Results: The 99mTc balloon presented a weighted dose rate in the tumor bed of 0.428 cGy.h-1.mCi-1 and 0.190 cGyh-1.mCi-1 at the balloon surface and at 8-10 mm from the surface, respectively, compared with 0.499 and 0.150 cGyh-1.mCi-1, respectively, for the HDR 192Ir balloon. An exposure time of 24 hours was required for the 99mTc balloon to produce a boost of 10.14 Gy with 1.0 Ci, whereas only 24 minutes with 10.0 Ci segments were required for the HDR 192Ir balloon to produce a boost of 5.14 Gy at the same reference point, or 10.28 Gy in two 24-minutes fractions. Conclusion: Temporary 99mTc balloon implantation is an attractive option for adjuvant radiotherapy in breast cancer, because of its availability, economic viability, and similar dosimetry in comparison with the use of HDR 192Ir balloon implantation, which is the current standard in clinical practice.
Storage of caatinga forest biomass to improve the quality of wood for energy
Authors: Brand Martha Andreia , Lacerda Stephenson Ramalho , Oliveira Juliana de , Lopes Gisele Paim Ribeiro Domingues , Casagrande Nayara Bergamo
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to evaluate the quality of forest biomass energy, coming from the Caatinga, for different storage times in the field. The study was conducted in southern Piauí, between January and February (rainy season). Samples were collected containing branches and trunks of various species, and samples of branches and trunks separately in 5 sample units of 20x20m. Samples were evaluated in the general state freshly harvested and samples of branches and logs after 15 and 30 days of storage in piles in the field. The analyzes carried out were: moisture content on wet basis, ash content and calorific value. Moisture content of freshly harvested biomass ranged from 39% with two days after cutting to 79% in biomass cut and left distributed in the field for 10 days. After storage in piles for 15 days, branches showed moisture content of 18% and the logs 21%, and net calorific value of 3432kcal kg-1 and 3274kcal kg-1, respectively. After 30 days, moisture content for branches was 13% and the logs 21%, and net calorific value of 3672kcal kg-1 and 3240kcal kg-1, respectively. Ash content of the biomass was low. Cutting trees in the rainy season, with maintenance of biomass in the field for 10 days, resulted in an increment of moisture content. Branches had the best behaviour during the storage. Fifteen days of storage are sufficient for the caatinga biomass to achieve high-quality energy.
Performance of an agricultural engine using blends of diesel and ethanol
Authors: Estrada Javier Solis , Schlosser José Fernando , Farias Marcelo Silveira de , Rodrigues Fabrício Azevedo , Martini Alfran Tellechea , Santos Gustavo Oliveira dos
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT: This research evaluated the performance of a diesel engine in an agricultural tractor, using Diesel S500 (B5) and mixture with 3% (ED3), 6% (ED6), 9% (ED9), 12% (ED12) and 15% (ED15) of hydrous ethanol. Variables evaluated were the power, torque, specific fuel consumption, torque reserve, speed reserve and elasticity index of engine. Results indicated that using B5 and ED3 the values of torque and engine power not differ, in addition, with the ED3 the fuel consumption was lower than 5.92%. Using ED12, power has reduced in 2.97%, compared with B5, while their fuel consumption had no difference. With ED15, the power was lower 6.30% and the fuel consumption increase 3.77%, both compared with B5. Torque reserve value was increased with increasing the ethanol content in B5, reducing the speed reserve and elasticity index of engine. Ethanol in Diesel S500 (B5) can be used as an alternative fuel in agricultural tractor engines without presenting high changes in the performance, since the ethanol content is at low percentages, up to 12%.
Adenoma of the gallbladder in a mongoose (Mungos mungo)
Authors: Cardoso Saulo Pereira , Mattioli Mariana Portugal , Borges Betânia Pereira , Blume Guilherme Reis , Reis Júnior Janildo Ludolf , Sant'Ana Fabiano José Ferreira de
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT: Primary gallbladder neoplasms occur infrequently in domestic animals and rarely in wild animals. This article describes a case of gallbladder adenoma in a mongoose ( Mungos mungo) in captivity. Grossly, the gallbladder was moderately distended with a smooth capsular surface. Necropsy showed an irregular, soft, whitish nodule 0.8cm in diameter. Microscopic examination of the nodule showed proliferation of epithelial cells, which projected from the mucosa and formed papillary projections supported by a sparse fibrovascular stroma. Neoplastic cells were well differentiated with mild anisocytosis and anisokaryosis. Based on these histopathological findings, adenoma of the gallbladder was diagnosed.
THE USE OF FILM-BASED MATERIAL FOR AN ADULT ENGLISH LANGUAGE COURSE IN BRAZIL
Authors: Parisi Leonardo Lucena , Andon Nick
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT Advances in technology and accessibility to films motivated the research and writing of this paper. Its main goal was to design a set of criteria to develop film-based materials that can be used to improve the experience of learning English on an adult conversation course in Brazil. Given that the purpose of this adult course is to enhance participants' speaking skills, an investigation was conducted into the theories related to the teaching of speaking. A literature review suggests why films should be used through an investigation into the advantages they offer. Principles related to language learning, material development, and current studies on the use of film provide insights on how films might be used. Drawing on these principles, a set of criteria was created as a resourceful guide for material development. Finally, I suggest there should be further study on how films are being used in class and a possible research study on the effectiveness of film-based materials.
Estudo de Procedimentos de Soldagem MIG/MAG para Aplicação de Revestimentos de Liga de Níquel Inconel 625 em Aço Estrutural ASTM A387 Gr.11
Authors: Cavalcante Nathália Escóssio , Andrade Tathiane Caminha , Pinheiro Pedro Helton Magalhães , Miranda Hélio Cordeiro de , Motta Marcelo Ferreira , Aguiar Willys Machado
Published: May 2016

Resumo O presente trabalho objetiva o estudo de técnicas de soldagem aplicadas a reparo de componentes fabricados em aço ASTM A387 Gr.11, largamente utilizado em aplicações da indústria do petróleo e gás. Devido ao regime de trabalho e necessidade de utilização de materiais com boa resistência mecânica e à corrosão, utilizou-se como metal de adição a liga UNS N06625 (Inconel 625). O processo de soldagem utilizado foi o MIG/MAG e a técnica de soldagem aplicada foi a dupla camada. A metodologia do presente trabalho foi dividida em etapas, sendo a primeira a realização de ensaios exploratórios para definir a relevância dos fatores de controle estudados. A segunda etapa consistiu na aplicação do critério de dureza e de microestrutura para definir as melhores relações de energia para aplicação da técnica da dupla camada. A técnica da dupla camada se mostrou eficaz na melhora das propriedades da microestrutura da ZAC-GG dos revestimentos, verificou-se intenso refinamento de grão. Houve também redução nas medidas de dureza e microdureza. Para ambos os gases de proteção utilizados (Ar+25%He e Ar+4%CO2) foi possível obter relações de energia com afastamentos positivos. Em todas essas relações a energia da segunda camada foi maior que a energia da primeira camada.
Otimização de Parâmetros do Processo de Soldagem Arco Submerso para Revestimentos Anticorrosivos
Authors: Silva Marcos Mesquita da , Batista Valmir Rodrigues , Maciel Theophilo Moura , Santos Marco Antonio dos , Brasileiro Taynara Lacerda
Published: May 2016

Resumo Neste trabalho foi avaliada a influência das variáveis de soldagem em cordões de solda, aplicados pelo processo Arco Submerso (SAW) com corrente convencional, visando futura aplicação em revestimentos metálicos contra corrosão. Segmentos de tubo de um aço API 5L Gr B foram utilizados como substrato, além da utilização de um metal de adição de liga de níquel, diâmetro de 1,13mm, classificação AWS ERNiCrMo-4 (Hastelloy C-276), e um fluxo do tipo neutro, básico e aglomerado (EN 760: SA AF 2 DC). Foram analisadas as variáveis tensão, velocidade de alimentação de arame e distância do bico de contato à peça (DBCP) – com o restante dos parâmetros constantes – através de um planejamento fatorial completo em dois níveis e pontos centrais. Os resultados mostraram modelos matemáticos estatisticamente significativos e preditivos para as respostas diluição e corrente média, IM. Porém, para a resposta Reforço/Largura (R/L), o modelo se caracterizou como estatisticamente significativo, não preditivo e contendo uma falta de ajuste. A DBCP, por sua vez, foi a variável que se constituiu como a de maior significância na redução da diluição.
CLASSIFICAÇÃO FISIOLÓGICA DE SEMENTES FLORESTAIS QUANTO À TOLERÂNCIA À DESSECAÇÃO E AO COMPORTAMENTO NO ARMAZENAMENTO
Authors: Mayrinck Rafaella Carvalho , Vaz Tatiana Arantes Afonso , Davide Antonio Claudio
Published: May 2016

RESUMO Este trabalho teve por objetivo classificar sementes de espécies florestais nativas da bacia do Alto Rio Grande quanto à tolerância à dessecação e ao comportamento no armazenamento. Testes de germinação e de umidade foram feitos para cada espécie: com as sementes recém-beneficiadas, imediatamente ao atingir 12% e 5% de umidade, e após três meses de armazenamento a -18°C, apenas para sementes com 5% de umidade. Com base nos testes de germinação e umidade, as sementes foram classificadas em recalcitrantes, intermediarias e ortodoxas. As sementes de Brosimum gaudichaudii, Erythroxylum deciduum, Eugenia pleurantha, Myrcia venulosa, Nectandra megapotamica foram classificadas como recalcitrantes (22.7% das espécies). Foram classificadas como intermediárias as sementes de Aegiphila sellowiana, Aspidosperma parvifolium, Blepharocalyx salicifolius, Casearia lasiophylla, Cassia occidentalis, Dalbergia miscolobium, Diospyros brasiliensis, Diospyros hispida, Ilex brevicuspis, Ilex cerasifolia, Myrocarpus fastigiatus, Senna aversiflora e Senna splendida (59.1% das espécies). Miconia albicans, Platycyamus regnellii, Styrax camporum e Piptadenia gonoacantha foram classificadas como ortodoxas (18.2% das espécies).
AVALIAÇÃO DE CUSTOS DA OPERAÇÃO DE EXTRAÇÃO DA MADEIRA COM FORWARDER
Authors: Santos Larissa Nunes dos , Fernades Haroldo Carlos , Silva Márcio Lopes da , Teixeira Maury Martins , Souza Amaury Paulo de
Published: May 2016

RESUMO Objetivou-se com este trabalho, determinar os custos provenientes da atividade de extração da madeira realizada pelo trator florestal forwarder até aproximadamente 30.000 horas de trabalho. Foram utilizadas 7 forwardes John Deere, modelo 1710D com potência de 160 kW. Foi utilizada a base de dados fornecida por uma empresa florestal situada no estado de Minas Gerais, contendo todas as informações necessárias para o cálculo do custo operacional das máquinas e posterior realização da análise de sensibilidade. O custo operacional foi obtido através do somatório dos custos fixos e variáveis. Para a análise de sensibilidade foi realizada uma variação de ± 20% dos elementos mais representativos do custo total da máquina. O resultado obtido para o custo operacional médio geral do forwarder foi de US$147,80 h-1. Os custos com manutenção e reparos, mão-de-obra, combustível, e depreciação representaram aproximadamente 90% do custo total da máquina. A redução de 10% em seus valores resultou em uma economia de, aproximadamente, 9% em todos os anos avaliados.
AUTOMATED MAPPING OF PERMANENT PRESERVATION AREAS ON HILLTOPS
Authors: Oliveira Guilherme de Castro , Filho Elpidio Inacio Fernandes
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT Permanent Preservation Areas (PPAs) on hilltops are among the many areas protected by the New Forest Code in Brazil. Mapping of these involves difficult interpretation and application of the Law, as well a complex task of translating it in map algebra. This paper aims to present, in detail, a methodological model for delimitation of PPAs on hilltops, according to the Brazilian new Forest Code (NFC, Law 12,651/2012). The model was developed in Model Builder for ArcGIS 10.2, and is able to map the PPAs in any digital terrain model. However, field validations are required to verify its efficiency. There is need for legal standardization of criteria that may cause subjectivity in delimitation. The organization of these data on a large scale is very important, as example, to the Rural Environmental Registry, which provides georeferencing of all rural properties and its protected areas in Brazil.
ARAUCARIA CLONAL FORESTRY: TYPES OF CUTTINGS AND MOTHER TREE SEX IN FIELD SURVIVAL AND GROWTH
Authors: Wendling Ivar , Stuepp Carlos André , Zuffellato-Ribas Katia Christina
Published: May 2016

ABSTRACT Araucaria angustifolia (Bert.) O Kuntze (Paraná pine or Araucaria) is a potential forestry native species for Brazilian silviculture. However, a number of challenges and technical restraints persist, hindering its silvicultural expansion, among which are the lack of cloning technologies of superior genetic materials and their assessment under field conditions. Thus, we evaluated the potential use of araucaria plants derived from cuttings and seeds for timber production, by assessing field survival, growth and strobilus production using cuttings from male and female plants, collected from different positions, compared with those produced by sexual reproduction. Clones of male and female trees from different types of cuttings and seedlings were planted in 3 x 3 m spacing. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design of one tree plot with three treatments. Female clones and apical cuttings showed higher growth in diameter at breast height (6.4 cm) and total height (3.6 m) 74 months after planting, followed by seedlings and other clones, with similar results. We conclude that cuttings technique is potential for araucaria propagation for wood production purposes, and it is favored by the use of apical cuttings from female mother trees.