bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A comparison of metaheuristic multiobjective reliability-based design optimization
Authors: Meng Zeng , Yıldız Betül Sultan , Li Gang , Zhong Changting , Mirjalili Seyedali , Yildiz Ali Riza
Published: August 2022

Multiobjective reliability-based design optimization (MORBDO) is a research area that has not been investigated in the literature compared to single-objective reliability-based design optimization. This work conducts an exhaustive study of fifteen new and popular metaheuristic MORBDO algorithms, including non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II, differential evolution for multiobjective optimization, multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition, multiobjective particle swarm optimization, multiobjective flower pollination algorithm, multiobjective bat algorithm, multiobjective grey wolf optimizer, multiobjective multi-verse optimization, multiobjective water cycle algorithm, success history-based adaptive multiobjective differential evolution, success history-based adaptive multiobjective differential evolution with whale optimisation, multiobjective salp swarm algorithm, real-code population-based incremental learning and differential evolution, unrestricted population size evolutionary multiobjective optimisation algorithm, and multiobjective jellyfish search optimizer. In addition, the adaptive chaos control method is employed for the above-mentioned algorithms to estimate the probabilistic constraints effectively. This comparative analysis reveals the critical technologies and enormous challenges in the reliability-based design optimization field. It also offers new insight into simultaneously dealing with the multiple conflicting design objectives and probabilistic constraints. Also, this study presents the advantage and future development trends or incurs the increased challenge of researchers to put forward an effective MORBDO algorithm that assists the complex engineering system design.
A multicenter study of genotype variation/demographic patterns in 2475 individuals inluding with 1444 cases with breast cancer in Turkey Short Title: BRCA profiling of breast-cancer patients in Turkey
Authors: Bisgin Atil , Sag Sebnem Ozemri , Duman Nilgun , Ozdemir Sevda Yesim , Ergoren Mahmut Cerkez , Boga Ibrahim , Dalci Kubilay , Hanta Abdullah , Mujde Cem , Parsak Cem Kaan , Rencuzogullari Çagla , Sonmezler Ozge , Yalav Orcun , Alemdar Adem , Aliyeva Lamiya , Bozkurt Ozlem , Cetintas Sibel , Cubukcu Erdem , Deligonul Adem , Dogan Berkcan , Erguzeloglu Cemre Ornek , Evrensel Turkkan , Gokgoz Sehsuvar , Tolunay Sahsine , Akyurek Esra , Basgoz Neslihan , Coşkun Nuriye , Dundar Bilge , Ozturk Figen , Taskin Duygu , Demirtas Mercan , Cag Murat , Diker Omer , Olgun Polat , Bozdogan Sevcan , Dundar Munis , Temel Sehime Gulsun
Published: August 2022

BACKGROUND
Breast Cancer is the most common cancer type in women, second among the all cancers, and inherited with autosomal dominant pattern. The clinical diagnosis of BC relies on the published diagnostic criteria, and two genes have been identified as the main causative for breast cancer which are BRCA1 and BRCA2.
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to compare the index cases with the diagnostic features to describe the genotype/demographic information association in breast cancer.
METHODS
We performed mutational analyses for the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes on 2475 individuals from collobrative centers across Turkey, whom 1444 of them were ascertained index cases.
RESULTS
We identified mutations in 17% (421/2475) of all individuals while its almost the same 16.6% (239/1444) in 1444 index cases. Mutations in BRCA1/BRCA2 genes were detected in 17.8% (131/737) of familial cases and 12% (78/549) of sporadic breast cancer, with 4.9% of mutations in the BRCA1 and 12% in the BRCA2.
CONCLUSIONS
Genotype variation and demographic information patterns were analyzed of all observed breast cancer findings in probands. We showed that patients with BRCA2 mutations have significantly been identified more than BRCA1 mutations. We also observed that sporadic breast cancer cases without familial history have less mutation positivity in BRCA1/BRCA2 genes, and the results were consistent with other studies in the Mediterranean region. On performing meta-analyses of our data and the other limited studies of the Mediterranean region in the literature, we found significant correlations that individual studies did not have sufficient power to conclude. Correlating genotypes with demographic information should facilitate the disease management of BC both the familial and non-familial cases.
PSMD13 is a prognostic biomarker and correlated with immune infiltrates in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Wei kexuan , Lin Chunxiang , Li Jie , Zhang Huaying , Song Qiulu , Zhao Wei
Published: August 2022

Background
The Ubiquitin-Proteasome system (UPS) pathway plays a crucial role in the degradation of protein. PSMD13 is a crucial subunit of proteasome S11 regulatory granules and plays an indispensable role in the UPS. However, its role in tumors was still sealed. Our research mainly to study its expression level and effect on the prognosis of LIHC, what pathways PSMD13 works through and how it relates to the level of immune cells.
Methods
Our exploration mainly used GEPIA, Kaplan-Meier Plotter to discover the differentially expressed level of PSMD13 in multiple cancers and surrounding tissue. In the further study of LIHC, we also downloaded the data from the TCGA database. We used R software for multivariate analysis to explore the value of PSMD13 in the prognosis of LIHC. In studying its pathway, we used GSEA to analyze. We also used TISIDB, TIMER to observe its relationship and immune molecules in LIHC.
Results
PSMD13 is differentially expressed in many cancers including LIHC. In LIHC, PSMD13 was an independent prognostic factor. The PSMD13 is likely to take effect upon the regulation of oxidative phosphorylation and proteasome pathway. Besides, the high-level expression of PSMD13 is also relevant to the infiltration of CD8 + T cells and macrophages.
Conclusions
In LIHC, PSMD13 may play an important role in regulating cell cycle and recruitment of immune cells. In addition, PSMD13 may be a reliable biomarker to judge the response to immunotherapy and prognosis of patients with LIHC.
Dependency-Aware Task Offloading for Vehicular Edge Computing with End-Edge-Cloud Collaborative Computing
Authors: Liu Guozhi , Dai Fei , Huang Bi , Qiang Zhenping , Wang Shuai , Li Lecheng
Published: August 2022

Vehicular edge computing (VEC) is emerging as a new computing paradigm to improve the quality of vehicular services and enhance the capabilities of vehicles. It aids vehicles execution tasks with low latency by deploying computing and storage resources close to the vehicle side. However, the traditional task offloading schemes waste the fine-grained offloading opportunities for subtasks by neglecting the decomposability and dependency of tasks. Furthermore, the continuous control problem caused by the learning-based offloading schemes should be taken into account. In this paper, we proposed an efficient dependency-aware task offloading scheme, which minimizes the average processing delay of tasks by fully utilizing the end-edge-cloud collaborative computing. Specifically, first, the directed acyclic graph (DAG) technique is utilized to model the inter-subtask dependency, which establishes the priority of subtask execution. Second, a task offloading algorithm based on Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) in Reinforcement Learning (RL) was proposed to obtain the optimal offloading strategy in a dynamic environment, which efficiently solves continuous control problems and helps reach fast convergence. Finally, we conduct extensive simulation experiments, and the experimental results show that the proposed dependency-aware task offloading scheme can achieve a good performance.
Primary testicular lymphoma demonstrates an over-expression of Wilms tumor 1 gene and different mRNA and miRNA expression profiles compared to nodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Authors: Mansoor Adnan , Akhter Ariz , Shabani-Rad Meer-Taher , Deschenes Jean , Yilmaz Asli , Trpkov Kiril , Stewart Douglas
Published: August 2022

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) shows a high degree of clinical and biological heterogeneity. Primary testicular lymphoma (PTL) is an extra nodal variant of DLBCL associated with higher risk of recurrence including contralateral testicle and central nervous system sanctuary sites. Several molecular aberrations including somatic mutation of MyD88, CD79B and upregulation of NF-Kb, PDL-1 and PDL-2 are thought to contribute to the pathogenesis and poor prognosis of PTL. However, additional biomarkers are needed that may improve the prognosis and help understand the PTL biology and possibly lead to new therapeutic targets. RNA from diagnostic tissue biopsies of PTL (n=31) and matched nodal DLBCLs (n=27) patients, were evaluated by mRNA and miRNA expression. Expression of 770 key genes were screened, utilizing nCounter Human miRNA and PAN-cancer pathway mRNA assays utilizing nCounter analysis System (Nanostring technologies). PTL and nodal DLBCL patients were comparable in age, gender, stage, and putative cell of origin (P>0.05). WT1 expression was higher in PTL compared to nodal DLBCL (> 3-fold; P= 0.0001). In addition, we found that WT1 associated pathway genes THBS4, PTPN5, PLA2G2A and IFNA17 were upregulated in PTL (>2.0-fold, P<0.005). The miRNAs targeting WT1 (hsa15a-5p, hsa-miR-16-5p, hsa-miR-361-5p, hsa-miR-27b-3p, hsa-miR-199a-5p, hsa-miR-199b-5p, hsa-miR-132-3p, hsa-miR-128-3p) were upregulated in PTL compared to nodal DLBCL (≥2.0-fold; FDR 0.01). We also found lower expression of BMP7, LAMB3, GAS1, MMP7 and LAMC2 (>2.0- fold, P<0.01) in PTL compared to nodal DLBCL. Our study demonstrated an overexpression of WT1 in PTL compared to nodal DLBCL. We hypothesize that a select miRNA subset targets the WT1 expression and influences the PI3k/Akt pathway in PTL. Additional studies are needed to further investigate the biological role of WT1 in PTL and its potential as a therapeutic target.
Laparoscopic reduction of sigmoidorectal intussusception by a modified Hutchinson’s maneuver: A case report
Authors: Onoyama Haruna , Nakamura Takashi , Ahiko Yuka , Sakuyama Naoki , Aikou Susumu , Shida Dai
Published: August 2022

Background: Traditionally, adult intestinal intussusception is treated using Hutchinson’s maneuver, i.e., manual proximal bowel compression and reduction of intussusception. However, the lack of manual contact in laparoscopic surgery limits the application of Hutchinson’s maneuver. Moreover, when the lead point is located distal to the peritoneal refection, and the intussusception cannot be reduced prior to bowel resection, stoma construction (e.g., Hartmann surgery or abdominoperineal resection) becomes necessary. Here we report a case of sigmoidorectal intussusception treated laparoscopically using a modified Hutchinson’s maneuver.Case presentation: A 74-year-old man was diagnosed with sigmoidorectal intussusception caused by sigmoid colon cancer. Colonoscopy revealed a malignant-appearing obstructing mass telescoping into the rectum, with the lead point at 3 cm from the anal verge. During endoscopic examination, the lead point did not move. A biopsy of the mass showed adenocarcinoma, leading to a diagnosis of sigmoid cancer with sigmoidorectal intussusception. Since the patient had no symptoms of intestinal ischemia, and defecations were observed, elective laparoscopic surgery was planned. Intraoperatively, an attempt was made to pull out the intussuscepted segment proximally, but the presence of fibrous adhesions made the intussusception irreducible. Therefore, the rectum and mesorectum were mobilized completely up to the level of the levator ani so that the lower rectum could be wrapped with gauze on the anal side of the lead point of the intussusception. The gauze was then pulled up to the oral side and simultaneously, a surgeon pushed the distal end of the intussuscepted segment up using a laparoscopic bowel grasper, with another surgeon pushing the lead point through the anus with fingers. Thereby the intussusception was reduced to some extent, allowing for low anterior resection. The resected specimen contained an ulcerated moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid colon measuring 3.5 cm × 3.0 cm, combined with circumferential ischemia with mucosal loss and necrosis over an 8-cm length on the distal side of the tumor. The tumor was stage III (T3 N1).Conclusion: We provide a laparoscopic approach for treating intussusception using a modified Hutchinson’s maneuver. This method will be useful in reducing the intussuscepted segment while avoiding stoma construction.
Solvation Structure and Dynamics of Aqueous Solutions of Au + Ions: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation Study
Authors: Saha Sudeshna , Bhadyopadhyay Dibyendu , Choudhury Niharendu
Published: August 2022

Although gold (Au) as an element is precious and noble, its ionic form is of huge scientific importance in view of its applications in electrochemistry, nano-electronics and other related fields. We have studied structure and dynamics of aqueous solutions of gold ions (Au+) using molecular dynamics simulations. Using a modified LJ parameter set for the Au+ ions in water in our molecular dynamics simulations, we have established the hydration structure and dynamics of Au+ ions in terms radial distributions, orientations and residence time of the nearest neighbours. Our results on peak position, height and coordination numbers are in much better agreement with those from the recent CPMD simulations. Relative orientation of the neighbours as obtained from the angular distributions suggests octahedral or trigonal bi-pyramidal structure of the solvation shell. Orientational distributions of dipoles and other molecular orientational vectors indicate that the hydrogen atoms of the water molecules are away from the central Au+ ion. The residence time calculated from the corresponding time correlation function is found to reasonably high, indicating less exchange of water molecules between the first and second solvation shells of the Au+ ion. In essence, the present results are in much better agreement with the CPMD results as compared to other QM/MM and classical force-field based simulations.
Neonatal invasive disease caused by Streptococcus agalactiae in Europe: the DEVANI multi-center study
Authors: Lohrmann Florens , Hufnagel Markus , Kunze Mirjam , Afshar Baharak , Creti Roberta , Detcheva Antoaneta , Kazakova Jana , Rodriguez-Granger Javier , Sørensen Uffe B. Skov , Margarit Immaculada , Maione Domenico , Rinaudo Daniela , Orefici Graziella , Kilian Mogens , Efstratiou Androulla , Berner Reinhard , Melin Pierrette
Published: August 2022

Purpose
Group B streptococcus (GBS) remains a leading cause of invasive disease, mainly sepsis and meningitis, in infants < 3 months of age and of mortality among neonates. This study, a major component of the European DEVANI project (Design of a Vaccine Against Neonatal Infections) describes clinical and important microbiological characteristics of neonatal GBS diseases. It quantifies the rate of antenatal screening and intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis among cases and identifies risk factors associated with an adverse outcome.
Methods
Clinical and microbiological data from 153 invasive neonatal cases (82 early-onset[EOD], 71 late-onset disease [LOD] cases) were collected in eight European countries from mid-2008 to end-2010.
Results
Respiratory distress was the most frequent clinical sign at onset of EOD, while meningitis is found in > 30% of LOD. The study revealed that 59% of mothers of EOD cases had not received antenatal screening, whilst GBS was detected in 48.5% of screened cases. Meningitis was associated with an adverse outcome in LOD cases, while prematurity and the presence of cardiocirculatory symptoms were associated with an adverse outcome in EOD cases. Capsular-polysaccharide type III was the most frequent in both EOD and LOD cases with regional differences in the clonal complex distribution.
Conclusions
Standardizing recommendations related to neonatal GBS disease and increasing compliance might improve clinical care and the prevention of GBS EOD. But even full adherence to antenatal screening would miss a relevant number of EOD cases, thus, the most promising prophylactic approach against GBS EOD and LOD would be a vaccine for maternal immunization.
Immunohistochemical Analysis of the Distribution of RANKL - A Case of Disseminated Carcinomatosis of Bone Marrow as the First Presentation of Relapse in Curatively Resected Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Shimada Yoshitaka , Nagaba Yasushi , Okawa Hiroyuki , Ehara Kaori , Okada Shinya , Naito Masanori , Yokomori Hiroaki
Published: August 2022

Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a rare condition with poor prognosis. Here, we describe the case of a 69-year-old man who underwent laparoscopic low anterior resection and was pathologically diagnosed with stage IIIA CRC. At 10 months post-operation, he developed fever and loss of appetite. Laboratory examination revealed fibrin degradation products > 120.0 µg/dL and D-dimer > 60.0 µg/dL. Bone marrow (BM) examination showed malignant epithelioid infiltrate with CK20 and CDX2 expression, leading to a diagnosis of disseminated carcinomatosis of bone marrow, which is rare in CRC and indicates widespread disease is throughout the body. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry indicated the predominant expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) in CRC and BM tissues. Thus, RANKL expression, which is known to indicate metastatic behavior of cancer cells, in CRC may play a critical role in promoting osteoclast formation, which has been associated with the pathogenesis of BM lesions.
Effects of Buffer Substitution on Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Malaria Diagnosis
Authors: Ofosu David Ntiamoah , Akowuah Emmanuel , Amoateng George , Owusu Emmanuel , Sarfo Michael , Mensah Michael , Marfo-Debrekyei Yeboah , Addai-Mensah Otchere
Published: August 2022

Background: Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (mRDTs) detect Plasmodium antigens by antibody-antigen interactions on a nitrocellulose test strip/cassette. While this has proven useful and can detect Plasmodium spp. in about 15-20 mins, false positives and negatives are known limitations of any diagnostic test and mRDTs are no exception. Buffer substitution in RDTs is one phenomenon known to cause such incorrect results even though its extent in practice on the field is unknown. Aim: This study sought to examine the effects of substituting a designated buffer with other liquids on malaria RDTs.Methods: The study was a cross-sectional analytical study that recruited 125 suspected malaria patients from Tafo Government Hospital in Kumasi, Ghana from February to March, 2022. 5ul of blood was taken using a lancet and a thick smear was prepared, stained and examined under light microscopy for malaria parasites. Part of the blood samples were also used concurrently to perform RDTs (using SD Bioline malaria RDT test kit) but with four different buffers separately (designated RDT buffer, 0.9% saline, distilled water and Hightop HBsAg test buffer). Results: Majority of the participants were in their 20s (21.6%) or 30s (20.8%). The least age group recorded were from 40-49 years (9.6%). More than two-thirds of the participants were females (69.6%). The common symptoms recorded were fever (29.6%), headache (28.0%), general body pain (28.0%) and malaise (23.2%). When the RDTs with the different buffers were compared to microscopy, SD Bioline buffer was 90.6% sensitive, 95.7% specific. When distilled water was used as a substitute buffer, it gave a 100% specificity but was less sensitive (68.8%). Similarly, 0.9% saline and HBsAg buffer were specific but less sensitive. Cohen’s Kappa (k) for using SD Bioline RDT buffer, 0.9% saline, distilled buffer and HBsAg were significantly in agreement at 85.4%, 61.7%, 76.6%, and 73.1% with light microscopy respectively (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Buffer substitution in malaria rapid diagnostic testing reduces the test sensitivity of the kit.
Analgesia and spread of Erector Spinae Plane Block in breast cancer surgeries: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Abdella Ahmed , Arida Emad Eldin , Megahed Nagwa , El-Amrawy Wessam , Mohamed Walid
Published: August 2022

Background: The goal of this study was to evaluate varying volumes of ESPB on analgesia, LA spread, sedation, and patient satisfaction.Methods: 60 patients aged between 18 and 50 years with an ASA I-II and scheduled for breast cancer surgery were randomized to receive either ESPB with 20 ml 0.25% bupivacaine (Standard volume ESPB), or with 40 ml 0.125% bupivacaine (High volume ESPB), or no ESPB (GA only group). The primary outcome was pain intensity evaluated by the VAS, 12 hours after surgery. P-values < 0.05 were considered the cutoff point for statistical significance. The secondary outcomes were pain at rest and pain on movement evaluated by the VAS, craniocaudal injectate spread, to PV space and epidural space assessed by CT, clinical dermatomal spread, level of sedation assessed by RASS, and patient satisfaction with anaesthesia and analgesia.Results: VAS at rest 12 h after surgery was less in both intervention groups compared with the control (1.75 ± 0.79 vs. 1.6 ± 0.88 vs. 3.4 ± 1.96, p = 0.001). In other time points, VAS was less in each ESPB group compared to GA only during rest and movement and the volume injected made no difference. The LA had extended further in the high volume group than the standard volume group (11.20 ± 3.07 vs. 9.15 ± 2.54 vertebral levels, p = 0.027). No difference of the spread to PV space or epidural space between the 2 intervention groups. More dermatomes were covered in the high volume group (7.20 ± 2.12 vs. 5.75 ± 1.37 dermatomes, p = 0.014). Agitation was higher in GA only group than both ESPB groups in the first 8 postoperative hours. Patient satisfaction was higher in both ESPB groups compared to GA only group.Conclusions: Preoperative ESPB is an excellent analgesic modality that should be considered in breast cancer surgeries. Apart from analgesia it attenuates postoperative agitation and enhances patient satisfaction. Volume injected has no effect on analgesia or patient satisfaction but it results in more LA spread.Trial registration: NCT04796363 (12/3/2021)
A high-quality blue whale genome, segmental duplications, and historical demography
Authors: Bukhman Yury V , Morin Phillip A. , Meyer Susanne , Chu Li-Fang (Jack) , Jacobsen Jeff K. , Antosiewicz-Bourget Jessica , Mamott Daniel , Gonzales Maylie , Argus Cara , Bolin Jennifer , Berres Mark E. , Fedrigo Olivier , Steill John , Swanson Scott Allen , Jiang Peng , Rhie Arang , Formenti Giulio , Phillippy Adam M. , Harris Robert S. , Wood Jonathan M. D. , Howe Kerstin , Kirilenko Bogdan , Munegowda Chetan , Hiller Michael , Jain Aashish , Kihara Daisuke , Johnston J. Spencer , Ionkov Alexander , Raja Kalpana , Toh Huishi , Lang Aimee , Wolf Magnus , Jarvis Erich , Thomson James A. , Chaisson Mark J.P. , Stewart Ron
Published: August 2022

BackgroundThe blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus , is the largest animal known to have ever existed. Body size is tightly coupled to cell metabolism and environmental adaptations. A high-quality genome assembly of this magnificent animal will aid our understanding of body size regulation and related biological processes.ResultsWe report a reference-quality, long read based assembly of the blue whale genome. We sequenced genomic DNA using PacBio long-read, Illumina short-read, and 10X Genomics synthetic long-read technologies. We also obtained long-range mapping information using Bionano optical mapping and Dovetail Hi-C. Additionally, we sequenced the transcriptome of blue whale fibroblasts using Illumina RNA-seq and PacBio Iso-seq technologies. We also measured genome size using a flow cytometry technique. We report on: (1) comparison of alternative long-read and short-read-based assemblies; (2) segmental duplications within the blue whale genome, which have resulted in dramatic amplifications of several genes; (3) sites in IGF1 gene correlated to body size in cetaceans; and (4) heterozygosity and historical demography of Pacific and Atlantic blue whale populations.ConclusionsThis is one of the first high-quality reference genomes of a cetacean and the first baleen whale sequenced using a long-read technology. A high quality, annotated blue whale genome will serve as an important resource for biology, evolution, and conservation research.
SARS-CoV-2 codon usage bias at furin site clear up the origin. Landscape of Omicron sub-variants BA.4 and BA.5 (a July, 2022 sample)
Authors: Romeu Antonio R.
Published: August 2022

SARS-CoV-2 has a 12-nt-long exogenous sequence into the S gene, encoding the polybasic furin cleavage site, including the CGG-CGG arginine dimer. In this regard, I recently posted two facts: (i) this 12-nt and the reverse complement sequences are identical to a many highly expressed sequences in human cells, suggesting that a progenitor of SARS-CoV-2 jumped into humans and recombination with human cell mRNA produced the pandemic virus; and (ii) the identification of a representative group of SARS-CoV-2 specimens with arginine codon usage bias in the furin site. Are these two independent facts? To address the issue, the aim of this work is to trace the arginine codon bias in the dimers of this amino acid in the furin site from virus updated genomes. At S protein level, the acquisition of the furin site was enormously favourable for the virus. For the humanity was (or is) the new and unprecedented covid pandemic. Moreover, at S gene level the CGG-CGG arginine code was enormously unfavourable for the virus. Since arginine has six codons, the virus can overcome the situation through a codon usage bias. Here I show some SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-variants BA.4 and BA.5 (a July, 2022, sample) with furin site arginine dimer codon optimized: 8 out of 4,986 (0.16 %). In SARS-CoV-2 the synonymous base substitutions are not common, however, in this particular case of the arginine, it is the only way that the virus has to stabilize its genome. On the other hand, from science, this arginine codon usage bias can support the hypothesis of recombination for the SARS-CoV-2 polybasic furin cleavage site origin. Finally, this work opens the door to monitor the course of that codon bias in the new virus genomes that are coming.
Effect of left anodal transcranial direct current stimulation on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) activity in patients with depressive episodes: a randomized, triple-blind, pilot trial
Authors: Pedraz-Petrozzi Bruno , Sardinha Helena , Gilles Maria , Deuschle Michael
Published: August 2022

Background
This study's main aim was to evaluate the effect of left anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA) activity in participants with depression. As an additional exploratory objective, we aimed to find any relationship between baseline morning cortisol concentrations, family history of depression, and somatic symptoms.
Materials and Methods
A 3-week, randomized, triple-blind, pilot trial was carried out. Participants (n = 47, drop-out: 14.89%) were allocated randomly to one of two groups: tDCS and control group (sham stimulation). Since the effector hormone of the HPAA is cortisol, salivary cortisol was used as an HPAA activity marker. The primary outcome was the effect of tDCS on the diurnal cortisol pattern (DCP). Secondary outcomes were tDCS effects on cortisol awakening response (CAR) and maximal cortisol decline (MCD), as well as the variation of cortisol concentrations between the initiation of tDCS and 2 weeks later. Intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses were carried out.
Results
Regarding our primary outcome, we found no significant effectof tDCS on the interaction group * time * daytime. Concerning our secondary outcomes, tDCS had no significant effects on CAR, MCD or cortisol concentration variation between the initiation of tDCS and 2 weeks later in the tDCS group when compared with the sham stimulation group. Finally, an exploratory analysis found a significant relationship between morning cortisol, family history of depression, and somatic symptoms.
Conclusions
Our main results indicate that anodal tDCS did not affect HPAA activity in depression. More studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Metadichol treatment of fibroblasts and embryonic stem cells regulates key cardiac progenitors
Authors: Raghavan Palaaykotai R
Published: August 2022

Heart disease has been identified as one of the main causes of heart attack; moreover, it is known to result in the death of billions of Cardiomyocytes, which cannot be reproduced and replaced. The remaining cells are often faced with a significant increase in hemodynamic burden. Repairing the heart after an attack or other cardiovascular disease has eluded medical science. The ability to repair the heart muscles using the own cells of a patient who had suffered from a heart attack is a long-sought goal to regenerate healthy new tissues. Cell sources for cardiac disease treatment include human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), which are known to have the capacity to differentiate into chondrocytes, osteoblasts, adipocytes, and Cardiomyocytes. Cardiac fibroblasts are present in large numbers in the heart; they are known to be involved in the repair of the structural, biochemical, mechanical, and electrical properties of the myocardium. 2Here, we present the use of Metadichol for the treatment of hESCs and human cardiac fibroblasts, wherein it resulted in the increase in the expression of the key cardiac progenitors ISL1, NKX2-5, and GATA4, determined to be crucial in heart development. Metadichol, which is a nontoxic nano-emulsion of long-chain alcohol, up regulated the expression of five tested markers of cardiac stem cells, including c-kit, Isl-1, GATA4, WT1, and NKX2-5. Treating hESCs with Metadichol at a concentration of 1 nanogram for 24 h has led to the enhanced gene expression of ISL1 (67-fold), GATA4 (7.5-fold), NXK2-5 (4.35-fold), Kit(10.41 fold) and WT1(4.99 fold). In human cardiac fibroblasts treated with 100 pg, ISL1 (1.77-fold), NKX2-5 (19.82-fold), and GATA4 (19.9-fold) kit (12.23-fold) and WT1(1.87-fold) were up regulated. These genes play a role in heart diseases, especially ISL1, which has been suggested to be a single source for the heart lineages and its development. Given the fact that Metadichol is nontoxic and safe it can be directly tested in humans skipping other procedures being employed today and improvements monitored non-invasively. possibility of the direct use of Metadichol in patients with heart disease, as it has no known toxicity and is commercially available and marketed worldwide.
The Relationship Between Artificial Intelligence, Big Data, and Unemployment: New Insights from Dynamic Panel Data Model of the G7 Countries
Authors: Guliyev Hasraddin
Published: August 2022

This study examines the effect of artificial intelligence and big data technologies on unemployment in the G7 countries, using a theoretical model that is also encouraged empirically. Artificial intelligence big data technologies are more discussed futuristic aspects in the literature, there are no widely empirical studies. In the empirical approach, we follow the dynamic effect of unemployment by using panel data GMM-system estimations. The dataset includes the period 2005–2020 and contains G7 countries. This study is examined the effect of new technologies on unemployment discover the relationship between a country's Google Trend Index (GIT) related to Big Data and AI and their unemployment rate. The main results show that artificial intelligence and big data technologies decrease the level of unemployment and the ‘‘displacement effect’’ of jobs is validated.JEL Classification: F22, C23, O17
Analysis of three-layer gasket performance affected by flange surface
Authors: Karohika I Made Gatot , Haruyama Shigeyuki
Published: August 2022

Gaskets are components that play a very important role in piping connections to prevent leakage. Several factors affect the performance of the gasket, one of which is the contact surface of the flange. The quality of the contact surfaces in the connection also influences the leakage rate of each connection, therefore the gasket sealing performance is assessed by the rate of leakage that occurs. As a result, the surface roughness of the flange has an effect on sealing. This study examines the capability of a three-layer corrugated metal gasket to prevent leakage when the outside layer thickness and flange roughness are adjusted. The feature of three-layer corrugated metal gasket was elucidated using the finite element analysis (FEA) and experimental method. The leak rate was tested using a helium leak quantity test experimentally. The gasket was constructed with oxygen-free copper (C1020) as the outside layer and SUS304 as the base layer, and it was structured in a three-layer pattern with no bonding. A mold press was used to make the gasket. The simulation method applies finite element analysis software to investigate the correlation between contact stress, contact width, surface thickness and surface roughness. The projected results matched the experiment results fairly well. A three-layer corrugated metal gasket shows improvement capability to prevent leakage than a single gasket (standard). The gasket three-layer shows sealing performance improvement that leakage did not occur in low axial force 40 kN for all surface roughness test. In terms of sealing, a three-layer gasket with a low thickness ratio works well. Surface roughness of the flange has no influence on the three-layer gasket
Characterization of WO3 thin films deposited by spray pyrolysis technique and its role in gas sensing
Authors: Sivathas Sivaraman Sethu , Murugan Sambandam , Babu Arthur Victor , Ramalingam Singaravelu , Thirumurugan Ramalingam , Victoria Devanugraham Clement Easter Raj Bernice
Published: August 2022

The work investigated in this paper focused on the fabrication of WO3 films by the spray pyrolysis technique, and different analyses were made to find optimized samples for studying properties suitable for the application of gas sensing. The substrate temperature is the most important parameter among other spray parameters for the synthesis of thin films hence WO3 thin films were deposited on glass substrates by maintaining the substrate temperature at 350 ºC, 450 ºC, 550 ºC, and 650 °C using compressed air as a carrier gas. The influence of the substrate temperature on the structural, morphological, compositional, and optical properties of the WO3 thin films has been justified using XRD data. Good and enhanced crystallinity is observed for the film deposited at a substrate temperature of 550 ºC. The nonconventional properties were studied by different investigations and confirmed by past research work. The manipulation of surface morphology with the different deposition temperatures is monitored. Only the characteristic peaks of W and O are present in the fabricated WO3 thin films. The optical activity of about 70 to 80 % of the selected sample in the visible region (300 to 1200 nm) is found. The selective absorption activity of light in the ultraviolet region and visible region is checked. The obtained IR bands confirmed the inter bridge stretching and bending modes of W-O and O-W-O. A high response towards ammonia compared to other test gases is exhibited. The repeatability of WO3 towards NH3 over three periodic sensing cycles, response, and recovery time has also been discussed. From all the characteristic studies, it has been suggested that the fabricated WO3 thin films have been used in the health care field to detect the toxic NH3 gas
Geometric approach to the proof of Fermat’s last theorem
Authors: Gevorkyan Yuriy
Published: August 2022

A geometric approach to the proof of Fermat’s last theorem is proposed. Instead of integers a, b, c, Fermat’s last theorem considers a triangle with side lengths a, b, c. It is proved that in the case of right-angled and obtuse-angled triangles Fermat's equation has no solutions. When considering the case when a, b, c are sides of an acute triangle, it is proved that Fermat's equation has no entire solutions for p>2. The numbers a=k, b=k+m, c=k+n, where k, m, n are natural numbers satisfying the inequalities n>m, n<k+m, exhaust all possible variants of natural numbers a, b, c which are the sides of the triangle.

The proof in this case is carried out by introducing a new auxiliary function f(k,p)=kp+(k+m)p–(k+n)p of two variables, which is a polynomial of degree in the variable . The study of this function necessary for the proof of the theorem is carried out. A special case of Fermat’s last theorem is proved, when the variables a, b, c take consecutive integer values. The proof of Fermat’s last theorem was carried out in two stages. Namely, all possible values of natural numbers k, m, n, p were considered, satisfying the following conditions: firstly, the number (np–mp) is odd, and secondly, this number is even, where the number (np–mp) is a free member of the function f(k, p).

Another proof of Fermat’s last theorem is proposed, in which all possible relationships between the supposed integer solution of the equation f(k, p)=0 and the number corresponding to this supposed solution  are considered.

The proof is carried out using the mathematical apparatus of the theory of integers, elements of higher algebra and the foundations of mathematical analysis. These studies are a continuation of the author's works, in which some special cases of Fermat’s last theorem are proved
Study of the secondary characteristics of the bistatic scattering of a combined object in a covert radar surveillance system
Authors: Horielyshev Stanislav , Volkov Pavlo , Boikov Igor , Baulin Dmitro , Ivanets Hryhorii , Nakonechnyi Aleksandr , Manzhura Svyatoslav , Yuriev Valentyn , Gleizer Natalia
Published: August 2022

The emergence of new means of attack, reconnaissance and methods of sabotage imposes special requirements on the technical means of protecting important state facilities (ISF). Modern trends in the construction of ISF physical protection systems are the integration of engineering barriers, perimeter signaling and detection tools. Detection tools should provide covert receipt of information about the approach of the intruder in "distant" intrigues. To do this, it is possible to use technical means built on the principle of semi-active bistatic radar with an external illumination source. However, in order to identify intruders in the ISF protection zone, it is necessary to have a priori information about the radar visibility of the combined location objects. The combined object is typically a complex object having both metallic and dielectric elements.

To this end, a technique has been developed for estimating the radar cross-section (RCS) of combined objects in the field of external illumination. The electromagnetic field (EMF) scattered by a combined object in the meter and decimeter wavelength ranges is calculated as a coherent sum of fields, taking into account their phase, scattered by its metal and dielectric elements. This made it possible to take into account the electromagnetic interaction of the elements of the combined object. The method of integral equations (IE) was used to find the current density and magnetic field strength.

The scatter diagrams of the person-intruder, the person-intruder in personal armor protection (PAP) under different conditions of irradiation and reception and illumination frequencies are obtained and analyzed. This made it possible to evaluate the effect of metallic elements on the scatter diagram of the combined object.

The obtained a priori information is of significant practical importance at the stage of optimizing signal processing algorithms and designing new means of covert detection
Development of the project of modular prefabricated buildings
Authors: Issabayev Galym , Slyambayeva Aimash , Kelemeshev Alpysbay , Amandykova Dina
Published: August 2022

The issues of working design with the construction of modular prefabricated buildings, with the minimization of cold bridges are revealed. Cold bridges are typical for prefabricated buildings with inadequate attention to the design of both load-bearing metal and enclosing structures, as well as their connections. Connections should not pass through its cross section both zero and negative temperatures. As a result, an original project of two modular buildings was developed from easily prefabricated metal structures and wall structures with light mineral wool filling. This project is also intended for sharply continental regional natural and climatic conditions (regardless of the geographical location on the territory of Kazakhstan – south-eastern Kazakhstan, central, eastern or western Kazakhstan. In winter, natural and climatic conditions are similar in these areas). As a result of this study, it was found that the developed project meets the requirements of thermal insulation – at the interface of the supporting and enclosing structures. The thermal insulation requirements of the above structures are important to eliminate the dew point and consequently the formation of moisture and mold in all structures. In turn, mold and other microorganisms, as studies show, adversely affect the health and normal stay of people in the premises, both during the night and during the day. Many developers do not consider these factors in prefabricated buildings. These buildings are intended for various industries. For example, in healthcare, these are mobile hospitals. In military camps – buildings of temporary residence as barracks, etc.
Corporate diversification and stock price crash risk: Do female directors matters? Evidence from Malaysia
Authors:   Sunway University Business School, Sunway University, No.5, Jalan Universiti, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia, Lee Kian-Tek
Published: August 2022

This study examines the relation between corporate diversification and stock price crash risk and whether female directors moderate this relation. Using a sample of Malaysian publicly listed firms based on 2010–2016 data, our study finds diversification mitigates crash risk but only for highly diversified firms. Our study also finds that the mitigating effect of diversification is more pronounced for firms with higher proportion of female directors in the board in which it is aligned with the notion of gender diversity in promoting good corporate governance. Our findings are beneficial to stock investors in managing the “tail risk” in stock prices of conglomerates/diversified firms.
Volatility spillover from the global oil price to ASEAN stock markets: A cross-quantilogram analysis
Authors:   University of Economics Ho Chi Minh City, 59C Nguyen Dinh Chieu Street, District 3, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Ngoc Mien Nguyen Thi
Published: August 2022

This paper investigates the link between the volatility of global oil prices and ASEAN stock market indices using the cross-quantilogram approach developed by Han et al. (2016). We find that a large and medium change in the global oil prices could result in persistent and robust volatility in the stock index of almost ASEAN markets. Moreover, Vietnam is a unique stock market sensitive to the slight change in global oil price, although it is not an instant response. This study offers strong implications for investors in optimising their portfolios. Besides, understanding the risk spillover from the global oil market to the stock market helps policymakers enact more appropriate policies to reduce equity volatility.
PATHOLOGY, DIAGNOSIS, COMPLICATION, TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION: A SYSTEMIC RESEARCH
Authors:   Jai Narain Vyas University, New Campus, Jodhpur (Rajasthan) India., Singh Chouhan Ashwin , Khan Aaliya ,   Jai Narain Vyas University, New Campus, Jodhpur (Rajasthan) India., Soni Nayan ,   Jai Narain Vyas University, New Campus, Jodhpur (Rajasthan) India., Purohit Nehal ,   Jai Narain Vyas University, New Campus, Jodhpur (Rajasthan) India., Rathi Praveen ,   Jai Narain Vyas University, New Campus, Jodhpur (Rajasthan) India., Raisighani Riya ,   Jai Narain Vyas University, New Campus, Jodhpur (Rajasthan) India.
Published: August 2022

Background. Hypertension is a chronic disease characterized by elevation of blood pressure. Blood pressure is defined as the pressure exerted by blood against the walls of arteries. It is measured as mm of mercury indicating that the pressure will be sustaining that much Height mercury as indicated. Method and material: We conducted this research paper by observing the different types of reviews, as well as conducting and evaluating literature review papers. Result. We have seen in this research that antihypertensive drugs are not able to cure high blood pressure, but will help in controlling the condition of high blood pressure. The health care professional who is treating the condition can advise what measures may be necessary. Conclusions. High blood pressure is prevalent around the world as our population is increasing and the aging of the population means that more and more people will suffer from high blood pressure. Therefore, the problem of diagnosis, treatment and control of hypertension is a big question arising in our coming days.
Highlighting the role of the model user and physical interpretation in urban flooding simulation
Authors: de Sousa Matheus Martins , de Oliveira Antonio Krishnamurti Beleño , Rezende Osvaldo Moura , de Magalhães Paula Morais Canedo , Pitzer Jacob Ana Caroline , de Magalhães Paulo Canedo , Miguez Marcelo Gomes
Published: August 2022

Technological evolution survey allowed the broad use of 2D mathematical models for flood simulation. However, it is possible that the answer required for a given problem does not need a 2D approximation or even does not configure a 2D surface solution. Urban flood simulations may fall in this second case, since urban structures may interact with flood flows and introduce discontinuities in the surface solution. This study aims to highlight the discussion about the physical interpretation and the modeller role as key elements in the interpretation and representation of physical systems. To support this proposal, the MODCEL, a Quasi-2D flow-cell model, was used in two different ways: in a detailed raster approach, similarly to usual 2D model uses; and in an alternative conceptual and interpretive way, using larger cells representing homogeneous portions of the territory. The modelling results showed that equivalent responses can be obtained. Although other models can be used and could offer different absolute results, the relative analysis offered sufficient support to the research hypothesis that a physical-based process conducted by a conscient modeller is crucial for model reliability and optimization.