bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data-driven matching of experimental crystal structures and gas adsorption isotherms of metal-organic frameworks
Authors: Ongari Daniele , Talirz Leopold , Jablonka Kevin M. , Siderius Daniel W. , Smit Berend
Published: February 2022

Porous metal-organic frameworks are a class of materials with great promise in gas separation and gas storage applications. Due to the large material space, computational screening techniques have long been an important part of the scientific toolbox. However, a broad validation of molecular simulations in these materials is hampered by the lack of a connection between databases of gas adsorption experiments and databases of the atomic crystal structure of corresponding materials. This work aims to connect the gas adsorption isotherms of metal-organic frameworks collected in the NIST/ARPA-E Database of Novel and Emerging Adsorbent Materials to a corresponding crystal structure in the Cambridge Structural Database. With tens of thousands of isotherms and crystal structures reported to date, an automatic approach is needed to establish this link, which we describe in this paper. As a first application and consistency check, we compare the pore volume deduced from low-temperature argon or nitrogen isotherms to the geometrical pore volume computed from the crystal structure. Overall, 545 argon or nitrogen isotherms could be matched to a corresponding crystal structure. We find that the pore volume computed via the two complementary methods shows acceptable agreement only in about 35% of these cases. We provide the subset of isotherms measured on these materials as a seed for a future, more complete reference data set for computational studies.
Laser-Induced Graphene-Based Electrochemical Sensor for 4-Nitrophenol from Polyimide and Polyethersulfone Precursors
Authors: Wanjari Vikram P. , Kumar Ashish , Duttagupta Siddhartha P. , Singh Swatantra P.
Published: February 2022

Electrochemical sensors provide an excellent alternative for the in-situ detection of pollutants in water. 4-Nitrophenol is a critical pollutant owing to its acute toxicity and adverse health effects on humans and other living organisms. It is known to have carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic effects on aquatic life plants and human beings at very low concentrations. In this work, a facile electrochemical sensor for 4-Nitrophenol detection is proposed by laser-induced graphene (LIG) printed on polyethersulfone (PES) and polyimide (PI) films respectively. The laser irradiation of polymeric films results in 3D porous graphene structure formation that increases electron transfer rate as well as the electrochemically active surface area (EASA). This fabrication approach by laser-scribing provides a simple, fast, chemical-free, mask-free, and scalable solution to produce graphene-based electrochemical sensors for 4-Nitrophenol. Cyclic voltammetry is used as the electrochemical technique for the highly sensitive detection of 4-Nitrophenol. PES-based LIG sensors exhibit a higher sensitivity of 3793 µAmM-1cm-2 as compared to that of PI-based LIG sensors with a sensitivity of 3025 µAmM-1cm-2.
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and myelitis associated with new coronavirus infection COVID-19. Case report
Authors: Akhmedzhanova Luiza T. , Voskresenskaia Olga N. , Isaikin Aleksei I. , Ermilova Elizaveta V. , Nasonova Tatiana I. , Chernousov Pavel A. , Rusin Vladimir V.
Published: February 2022

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (AEM) and acute transverse myelitis (OPM) are autoimmune demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system. Two clinical observations of AEM and OPM developed after suffering acute coronavirus infection (SARS-CoV-2) are presented. Differential diagnosis was carried out with multiple sclerosis, encephalitis of an infectious nature, compressive myelopathy, and opticomyelitis. Both observations show an almost complete recovery of lost functions. The pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of AEM and OPM in patients with coronavirus infection are discussed. The onset of central nervous system dysimmune lesion in the context of coronavirus infection makes it necessary to monitor the clinical situation with the involvement of a neurologist for timely diagnosis and determination of therapeutic tactics that can reduce the degree of disability of patients.
Adrenal incidentaloma. Part 2. Modern concepts of computed tomography semiotics of adrenal gland incidentalomas: algorithm of differential diagnosis
Authors: Buryakina Svetlana A. , Tarbaeva Natalia V. , Volevodz Natalia N. , Karmazanovsky Grigorii G. , Kovalevich Liliia D. , Shestakova Marina V. , Dedov Ivan I.
Published: February 2022

While accidentally detecting an adrenal gland lesion (incidentaloma) during a routine computed tomography (CT) scan, the radiologist should correctly interpret revealed changes. The most common lesion is adenoma with high lipid content, but a lipid poor adenoma, pheochromocytoma, adrenocortical cancer, metastasis and other less common adrenal diseases are also worth of attention and require detailed knowledge of their CT semiotics. The article presents criteria of differential diagnosis of the adrenal incidentalomas on the basis of which an algorithm of differential diagnosis was proposed for the most common adrenal lesions.
The early bonobo gets the juice? The evolutionary roots of pre-crastination in bonobos (Pan paniscus)
Authors: Schwob Natalie , Epping Amanda , Taglialatela Jared , Weiss Daniel
Published: February 2022

Pre-crastination refers to the propensity to initiate tasks at the earliest possible moment. Research with human adults has found that some individuals consistently chose to transport a nearby object a further distance rather than delay initiation of the transport to select an object closer to the target. This phenomenon has never been tested in animals using analogous methods. Consequently, we tested bonobos – the species most closely related to humans - using two versions of a comparable transport task. Overall, we found that all five bonobos tended to select the first object they encountered to transport to the goal. Unlike humans, the bonobos sometimes transported both available objects. Two of the five bonobos consistently pre-crastinated, a similar proportion to that found in human experiments. However, if the pre-crastination choice was non-functional, the bonobos chose the motorically efficient choice. In sum, our findings provide an existence proof for pre-crastination tendencies in some bonobos, akin to the distribution of this trait in humans. We discuss the possibility that the pre-crastination choice represents an automatic response triggered by the affordances of the objects encountered.
Are wild wolves southpaws? Including potential conservation implications
Authors: Barber-Meyer Shannon
Published: February 2022

Lateralization, or a left-right bias in behavior (e.g., handedness), was originally thought to exclusively exist in humans, but is now known to be widespread. Lateralization can exist at the individual or group level. In dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), tests of paw preference have produced inconsistent results. Because wolves (C. l.) differ genetically, morphologically, and behaviorally from dogs, I was interested in assessing them for lateralization. I examined lateralization (right versus left) of the foot captured (a step test analog) of wild wolves (n = 93) trapped for radiocollaring purposes in the Superior National Forest, Minnesota from 2011 – 2017 and 2019. No support was found for lateralization, and sex and age class were not significant predictors of which foot was captured. Because many mammals demonstrate lateralization, and because population-level lateralization is thought to convey increased social cohesion, it is surprising that wild wolves did not demonstrate population level lateralization. This step test analog may not have been an appropriate measure (as lateralization is task dependent) and / or wolf lateralization may exist at the individual level, but not the population level. Future work on wolf lateralization at both the individual and population levels examining pawedness via multiple tasks while accounting for potential confounding factors (such as different rearing conditions and methods) could provide clarification. Examining potential trade-offs between the costs and benefits of lateralization that these highly social animals may incur would be very interesting in terms of evolution and in comparison with dogs. Furthermore, because lateralization has been connected to emotional functioning and animal welfare, baseline lateralization data from wild wolves may inform captive wolf management and conservation, including the captive breeding programs for endangered Mexican wolves (C. l. baileyi) and red wolves (C. rufus) and other programs (e.g., educational facilities).
Characteristics of social relationships in a group of captive Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) in the elephant village in Thailand
Authors: Yasui Saki , Idani Gen’ichi
Published: February 2022

Wild Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) form complex fission–fusion societies centered on matrilineal groups. In captivity, unrelated females remain in the same group and create social relationships. To better understand well-being in captivity, it is important to investigate the social relationships between females. However, to date, little information is available on this topic. The goal of this study was to clarify the social relationships between captive female Asian elephants using social network analysis. Our subjects were 13 captive Asian elephants at the Elephant Study Center in Surin Province, Thailand. We investigated variations in the frequencies of affiliative behaviors between dyads. Individuals that stayed in the group longer tended to play a more central role in terms of group member connections. We found that two individuals played an important role in strengthening connections, and that their removal influenced group cohesion. Our results revealed that individuals that stayed in the group long-term and that had existing relationships with others in the group tended to build better social connections, regardless of their age. In addition, the existence of some young individuals that show frequent affiliative behaviors may be important for bond strength and therefore, overall group cohesion.
Which index should I use? A comparison of indices for enclosure use studies
Authors: Brereton James , Fernandez Eduardo
Published: February 2022

Enclosure use assessments have gained popularity as one of the tools for animal welfare assessments and Post Occupancy Evaluations. There are now a plethora of studies and enclosure use indices available in published literature, and identification of the most appropriate index for each research question is often challenging. The benefits and limitations of four different enclosure use indices; Original and Modified Spread of Participation Index (SPI), Entropy, and Electivity Index were compared. Three artificial data sets were developed to represent the challenges commonly found in animal exhibits, and these indices were applied to these contrived enclosure settings. Three of the indices (Original SPI, Modified SPI, and Entropy) were used to assess a single measure of enclosure use variability. When zones within an exhibit were comparable in size, all three indices performed similarly. However, with less equal zone sizes, Modified SPI outperformed Original SPI and Entropy, suggesting that the Modified formula was more useful for assessing overall enclosure use variability under such conditions. Electivity Index assessed the use of individual zones, rather than the variability of use across the entire exhibit, and therefore could not be compared directly to the other three indices. This index is therefore most valuable for assessing individual resources, especially after exhibit modifications.
Perbandingan Sifat Drawability Material Kaleng Kemasan Biscuit dan Cat Tembok
Authors: P. Y. M. Wibowo  , Adi Ganda Putra
Published: February 2022

Salah satu jenis sampah atau limbah yang banyak ditemukan disekeliling kita adalah kaleng bekas kemasan dari berbagai produk kemasan. Banyak cara yang dapat dilakukan dalam pemanfaatan jenis sampah / limbah tersebut diantaranya adalah membentuk ulang untuk dijadikan suatu produk baru. Sifat drawability material merupakan salah satu hal yang penting dalam proses pembentukan logam lembaran. Dengan mengambil sampel kaleng bekas kemasan dari produk biscuit dan cat tembok, dalam studi ini ingin membandingkan sifat drawability atas kedua jenis material tersebut dengan cara melakukan beberapa jenis pengujian terhadap sampel. Data yang diperoleh menunjukan bahwa pada material kaleng bekas kemasan biscuit memiliki kadar karbon sebesar 0,03826% dan memiliki r-value <1 yaitu sebesar 0,6 serta nilai LDR 2 yaitu sebesar 2,3. Sedangkan pada material kaleng bekas kemasan cat tembok memiliki kadar karbon sebesar 0,0318% dengan nilai r-value 1 yaitu sebesar 1,8454 serta LDR 2 yaitu sebesar 3,296. Berdasarkan data-data tersebut dapat dikatakan bahwa material kaleng bekas kemasan cat tembok memiliki sifat drawability yang lebih baik bila dibandingkan dengan material kaleng bekas kemasan biscuit.
Analisis Variasi Arus pada Pengelasan GMAW terhadap Sifat Mekanik Material SS-50
Authors: Wiwin Widaningrum
Published: February 2022

Pengaruh variasi arus terhadap material SS-50 dengan menggunakan teknik pengelasan GMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding) dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruhnya terhadap sifat mekanik material tersebut. Variasi arus yang digunakan pada proses pengelasan GMAW ini adalah 140 A, 150 A, dan 165 A. Sedangkan parameter yang lainnya konstan (tegangan sebesar 20 V, elektroda yang digunakan jenis ER 70 S-6 dengan diameter 1,2 mm, kecepatan las 0,85 mm/s, dan mempergunakan Ar+CO2 dengan presentase 82% + 18% sebagai gas pelindungnya). Adapun pengujian yang dilakukan meliputi pengujian komposisi kimia, pengujian tarik, dan pengujian kekerasan. Dari serangkaian pengujian ini diperoleh hasil bahwa semakin besar arus yang digunakan akan semakin besar Heat Input, Kekerasan, dan gaya tarik yang dimiliki material sehingga kekuatan tariknyapun akan semakin besar pula.
Pengaruh Single dan Double Quenching pada Proses Pack Carburizing terhadap Sifat Mekanik Baja Paduan Karbon Rendah AISI 3115
Authors: Adi Ganda Putra
Published: February 2022

Pack carburizing adalah proses pengerasan permukaan dengan cara mendifusikan atom karbon ke bagian permukaan logam sehingga diperoleh perubahan sifat mekanik diantaranya kekerasan, struktur mikro dan ketahanan aus. Penelitian proses pack carburizing dilakukan pada suhu pemanasan 900oC dan waktu penahanan 120 menit dengan proses guenching meliputi single dan double guenching. Kekerasan yang dihasilkan untuk single guench sebesar 324,6 Hv sedangkan kekerasan untuk double guench sebesar 381,4 Hv. Nilai keausan untuk single guench sebesar 0,62%, sedangkan untuk double guench mencapai 0,34%. Hasil struktur mikro menunjukkan adanya fasa martensit pada permukaan lapisan karburasi dengan kadar karbon mencapai 0,94%. Ketebalan lapisan untuk single guench adalah 85,5Âµm, temper single quench adalah 86Âµm, double quench adalah 87,45Âµm dan temper double quench adalah 88,5Âµm.
The Ability to Compose Academic Writing of the Sixth Semester Students of English Department Universitas PGRI Semarang in the Academic Year 2021-2022
Authors: Wibowo Amin
Published: February 2022

This study investigates the ability of the sixth semester students of  the English Department of  PGRI   Semarang University to compose academic writing. The main objective of this study is to find out the ability in composing academic writing of the sixth semester students of the English Department of PGRI Semarang University in the academic year 2021-2022. The writer used the descriptive quantitative method. The total number of the sixth semester regular students is 283 students, so the total number of the population is 283 thesis proposals. Methodology is a set of methods used in a particular area of activities (Hornby, 1995, p. 734). Methodology of the research here means a set of methods used to investigate the objectives of the study. There are seven main parts discussed in this chapter. Those are type of the research, subject of the study, instrument of the research, technique of data collection, and technique of data analysis. The figure of 70,2 is in the range of 66 – 79 which is categorized into good. Therefore, it can be concluded that the ability of the sixth semester students of the English Department of PGRI Semarang University in the academic year 2021-2022 in composing academic writing is good.
Aspectos morfofisiológicos y genéticos para establecer programas de mejoramiento en Moringa oleifera Lam
Authors: Ontivero-Vasallo Yadiana , Echeverría-Carracedo Jahel , Palacios-Espinosa Alejandro
Published: February 2022

El mejoramiento genético en plantas permite incrementar el rendimiento, productividad y resistencia al estrés al modificar el genotipo de la progenie. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue revisar los criterios de selección que apoyen la implementación de programas de mejoramiento genético de Moringa oleifera enfocados en producción y resistencia al estrés. La polinización de esta planta es principalmente abierta, lo que dificulta mantener progresos en su genotipo. Lo recomendable es establecer cruzamientos entre ejemplares con características superiores. Los principales caracteres que muestran diversidad y deben ser empleados como criterio de selección son el diámetro del tronco, número de flores por inflorescencia, longitud y peso del fruto, aunque también algunas características foliares como mayor cantidad de follaje y mejor calidad nutritiva, podrían constituir un criterio positivo de selección. Los marcadores AFLP, RAPD, SSR y citocromo P450 se han empleado para estudiar su variabilidad genética. Los criterios morfológicos y los marcadores moleculares se muestran relacionados y, por lo tanto, se complementan. Los mayores vacíos de información están relacionados con la arquitectura del sistema radical, el flujo de polen según los genotipos y los mecanismos de resistencia contra el estrés biótico.
Influencia del hábitat en la diversidad de aves insectívoras en un sistema agroforestal enclavado en un Bosque Mesófilo de Montaña
Authors: Ugalde-Lezama Saúl , Romero-Díaz Claudio , Tarango-Arámbula Luis Antonio , García-Núñez Rosa María
Published: February 2022

Los sistemas agroforestales pueden representar importantes nichos ecológicos que coadyuven a la conservación de la diversidad avifaunística. El objetivo de este trabajo fue estimar y comparar la diversidad y uso de hábitat de aves insectívoras en sistemas agroforestales enclavados en un bosque mesófilo de montaña. Se efectuó el monitoreo de aves de agosto de 2018 a enero de 2019 en tres hábitats: café tradicional (CT), potrero (PT) y bosque mesófilo de montaña (BMM). Se determinaron índices de abundancia relativa (IAR), riqueza (Jacknife1), similitud (Jaccard) y diversidad (Shannon-Wiener). El IAR presentó valores bajos para los tres hábitats. El método Jacknife1 denotó una riqueza promedio considerable para las tres áreas (CT: 33.02, PT: 24.20, BMM: 9.98, CT-PT-BMM: 52.22). La técnica de Jaccard registró poca similitud en la riqueza, reafirmando el efecto del hábitat, composición y estructura florística como factores determinantes, al mismo tiempo que estableció promedios de diversidad alta obtenidos mediante el método de Shannon-Wiener (H´= 3.3; 3.1; 2.27; 3.78, respectivamente), revelando una diversidad relativamente estable en los tres hábitats. Por su parte, Kruskal-Wallis advirtió diferencias en la diversidad, pero no para la riqueza y la abundancia. Se evidenció la conformación de clústeres y agrupaciones que encontraron mayor similitud entre la riqueza y la abundancia de especies por cada monitoreo aplicado. El análisis de componentes principales indicó mayor correlación del hábitat y la vegetación utilizados para la alimentación en el estrato herbáceo y arbóreo, en alturas que van de 5 m a 10 m, utilizando el estrato aéreo para vuelo. Los sistemas agroforestales estudiados constituyeron un nicho de oportunidad en donde la avifauna halló alimento, áreas de nidación y reproducción. Se recomienda la implementación de buenas prácticas de manejo agroforestal que coadyuven a la conservación  de especies.
EFFECT OF MANAGERIAL OWNERSHIP, CEO POWER, AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE ON CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DISCLOSURE POLICY.
Authors: Komariyah Fitri
Published: February 2022

This study aims to prove the significance of managerial ownership and company financial performance on corporate social responsibility reporting. The method used in this article is quantitative with a regression analysis tool. The results of the research state that managerial ownership does not have a significant effect on corporate social responsibility reporting, while management strength has a significant and negative effect on corporate social responsibility reporting, Leverage has a significant effect on corporate social responsibility reporting, but return on assets has no significant effect on corporate social responsibility reporting. corporate social responsibility reporting.
PENGARUH KOMPENSASI BONUS DAN DIVIDEND PAYOUT RATIO TERHADAP PRAKTIK PERATAAN LABA
Authors: Rahmania Maulinda Zulfa , Lating Ade Irma Suryani , Aristantia Selvia Eka
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of bonus compensation and dividend payout ratio on income smoothing practices. This research is a quantitative research with an associative approach. The data testing techniques used are partial hypothesis testing (t test), simultaneous hypothesis testing (F test) and multiple linier regression analysis using SPSS software version 25. The number of samples tested in this study were 66 samples consisting of 33 companies with research period of 2 years. The data used in this research are secondary data sourced from IDX official website and official website of related companies. The results showed that partially, bonus compensation had no effect on income smoothing practices, but dividend payout ratio had a significant negative effect. Meanwhile, simultaneously, bonus compensation and dividend payout ratio have a significant effect on income smoothing practices. Based on these results, it is hoped that investor and potential investor will be more thorough in analyzing and identifying the company, and not seeing the company only by the value of dividends or the amount of profit that generated by banking companies which will later be used as investment destinations.
PENGARUH SELF AWARENESS, ETOS KERJA, RESILIENSI, TERHADAP ORGANIZATION CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR (OCB) DAN KINERJA TENAGA KEPENDIDIKAN DI PERGURUAN TINGGI SWASTA SURABAYA
Authors: Putra Alfi Pratama , Mujanah Siti , Susanti Nanis
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of Self Awareness, Work Ethic, Resilience, on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) and Performance of Education Personnel at private University Surabaya. The sample used in this study was 177 respondents from the employees who were from several private Universities in Surabaya. Data was collected by distributing questionnaires by google form. While the technical analysis of the data used in this study is to use Partial Least Square (PLS). The results of this study shows that Self Awareness, Work Ethic, and Resilience significantly affect on Organization Citizenship Behavior Employee Performance.
TRAM BREAST RETAIL RECONSTRUCTION: AN ANALYSIS IN THE LATE POSTOPERATIVE
Authors: Andrade Thainá Sobral de , Figueiredo Yasmin Alves da Cruz , Felzemburgh Victor Araújo , Carneiro Pedro Paulo Oliveira
Published: February 2022

In Brazil, breast cancer represents the second most incident cancer among women and is the major cause of death from malignant neoplasms in females. Therefore, the treatment of this pathology needs to be studied in its various aspects, one of which is aesthetic care in breast reconstruction. Objectives: To evaluate the late result of breast reconstruction by TRAM (transverse rectus abdominis muscle flap), in addition to comparing the assessment instruments in the postoperative period. Postoperative photographs of 13 patients who underwent breast reconstruction by TRAM at Hospital Santo Antônio in Salvador, BA, in the period 2012 and 2018 were analyzed. This is a cross-sectional observational study, with aesthetic evaluation performed using two instruments. Results: In general, patients have satisfactory results in the two assessment tools. Of the patients studied, 61.5% had results within the parameters established by Mallucci, whereas evaluating the domains of Garbay’s criteria, the best mean result was related to the volume domain and the worst to the scar. Conclusion: The instruments proved to be appropriate for evaluating the patients in the study. The subjective analysis among the evaluators proved to be similar. The instrument used in morphometric analysis showed that the studied group of patients approached the parameter established as ideal.
METASTATIC PURE MUCINOUS BREAST CARCINOMA: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Nunes Mirella Laranjeira , Assunção Maria Carolina da Trindade Henriques , Silva Pryscila Correia de Queiroz e , Araújo Rossano Robério Fernandes , Pereira Bruno Pacheco , Santos Ana Leide Guerra dos , Sampaio Vidianna Barbosa , Beltrão Neto João Esberard de Vasconcelos
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Pure mucinous breast carcinoma (PMBC) is rare, representing about 2% of breast cancers. Histologically, it is defined as having 90% or more of a mucinous component. It usually affects women between the ages of 55 and 60 years. Only 1% occurs in women below 35 years. It usually has positive hormone receptors (HRs); however, the positivity of HER-2 is rare. The management is not well established, being extrapolated from data on invasive ductal carcinoma. It usually presents a favorable prognosis, with rare lymph node (LN) involvement and metastasis rate of less than 15%. HR status and nodal involvement are important prognostic factors. Case Report: A 34-year-old female arrived at the clinic with a tumor occupying all quadrants of the left breast for 5 months, along with skin thickening and hyperemia, hardened and enlarged left axillary LN. Ultrasonography showed a lesion with indistinct limits occupying almost the entire mammary parenchyma measuring 11.1×12.8×5.5 cm, and the left LN enlarged in size, the largest measuring 3.1×1.7 cm. Bone scintigraphy and computed tomography (CT) showed suspicious metastatic lesion in the sternum, which could not be proven as metastasis due to the absence of structure to perform a biopsy. A clinical-prognostic staging IV, T4bN1Mx, was determined. Incisional biopsy diagnosed PMBC, histological grade 2. Immunohistochemistry results were HR positive, HER-2 positive (3+), and Ki67 70%. The patient was treated chemotherapy drugs such as Adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, paclitaxel, and trastuzumab. Subsequently, a modified radical mastectomy was performed. The anatomopathology of the surgical specimen showed a complete pathological response. A new CT showed partial remission of sternal metastasis. Adjunctive treatment with trastuzumab, tamoxifen, radiotherapy, and surgical castration were performed. We brought an atypical case due to the presentation of PMBC in young woman, with a more aggressive pattern, with positive HER-2, metastasis, and complete pathological response with chemotherapy.
BREAST CARCINOMA WITH OSTEOCLAST-LIKE GIANT CELLS: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Oliveira Leandro Gonçalves , Lima Ana Cláudia Gonçalves , Pinto Sebastião Alves , Schroff Barbara Elisabeth , Sousa André Maroccolo de , Sousa Juarez Antônio de
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Breast carcinoma with osteoclastic giant cells (OGCs) is rare. According to the WHO classification, breast tumors are designated “carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells” and are categorized under invasive carcinoma of no special type. This distinct subtype of breast carcinoma was first described in the French medical literature by Leroux in 1931 and Duboucher et al. in 1933. We reported a case study of a woman with OGCs with an invasive ductal and papillary carcinoma. Case Presentation: A 69-year-old female presented with left-sided breast lump. Ultrasound study documented the well-circumscribed retroareolar hypoechoic mass, measuring 3.5 cm in greatest dimension. Computed tomography scan and bone scan showed no evidence of distant metastasis. The patient underwent left breast mastectomy and sentinel lymph node biopsy. The tissue was fixed in 10% buffered formalin and embedded in paraffin. Hematoxylin and eosin–stained sections revealed a tumor composed of papillary intracystic carcinoma with a prominent OGC component. The background stroma revealed hemorrhage and hemosiderin deposition. Left axillary sentinel lymph node was free of malignancy (pN0). Tumor cells stained negative for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and HERneu-2. Ki-67 positive was approximately 30%. After surgery, this patient received taxane-based chemotherapy for four cycles and post-mastectomy radiotherapy. Discussion: Breast carcinoma with OGCs is characterized by the presence of OGCs admixed with malignant epithelial cells. They often showed hyperchromatic nuclei that are atypical with occasional small nucleoli and fine chromatin structure. Mitotic figures are typically rare. The mechanism for the formation of OGCs is still unknown and is at least partially attributed to tumor-induced angiogenesis and inflammatory cytokines. To date, the influence of OGCs on the prognosis of patients is still controversial. We described an old woman with a triple-negative breast carcinoma with OGCs. She remains free of recurrence, with an 18-month follow-up.
LACK OF ACCESS TO GENETIC TESTING AMONG PATIENTS AT RISK OF HEREDITARY BREAST CANCER IN THE BRAZILIAN PUBLIC HEALTH SYSTEM
Authors: Corrêa Tatiana Strava , Sandoval Renata Lazari , Weis Luiza Nardin , Leite Ana Carolina Rathsam , Sousa Romualdo Barroso de
Published: February 2022

Objectives: In Brazil, patients treated in the public health (PH) system have no access to genetic testing. This study aims to explore the clinical profile of patients at risk of hereditary breast cancer (BC) in a tertiary hospital at the Federal District. Methodology: Patients with a previous diagnosis of BC, in treatment or follow-up at our PH service, were evaluated for the risk of hereditary BC from January to March 2021. Patients who fulfilled criteria for genetic testing, according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) criteria (version 1.2020), were defined as at risk of hereditary BC. The clinical data were collected after signed informed consent. Results: A total of 70 patients were evaluated, and 51 patients who fulfilled the NCCN criteria for genetic testing were included in this analysis. The median age at BC diagnosis was 42 years. Invasive ductal carcinoma represented 96% of the cases. The positive hormonal receptor was present in 70.6% of the tumors (36/51) and HER-2 enriched tumors in 19.6%. Ki67 14% was found in 82.3% (42/51) of cases. Tumors were grade 2 (80%) and grade 3 (13.7%). Most patients were diagnosed at locally advanced stages: 62.7% stage IIB– IIIC, 22% stage IV, and 13.7% IA–IIA. The most frequent NCCN criteria for the hereditary BC investigation were BC diagnosis ≤45 years (66%), family history of breast/prostate/pancreatic cancer (60%), and triple-negative BC <60 years (25%). Only four patients performed genetic testing at their own costs. Two of them had positive test results (BRCA2 and TP53 pathogenic variants). Conclusion: This analysis showed that a high rate of patients with BC, who have the indication of genetic testing, have locally advanced or metastatic disease at the time of BC diagnosis. This is likely to lead to worst disease outcomes. Considering that approximately 10% of BC cases are associated with cancer predisposition syndromes, we expect that at least 5 of 51 evaluated patients would have positive genetic tests, which would allow the risk-reduction strategies for secondary cancers and the identification of other family members at risk.
MULTILINEAGE ACUTE LEUKEMIA DURING THE TREATMENT OF A PATIENT WITH BREAST CANCER WITH DOCETAXEL AND DOUBLE ANTI-HER2/NEU BLOCKADE: PERSPECTIVES AND POINTS TO CONSIDER
Authors: Illarramendi Jorge , Mateos María Carmen , Quispe Iván , Viguria María Cruz , Zudaire María Teresa , Zabalza Amaya , Illarramendi Jose Juan
Published: February 2022

Introduction: Associated or secondary acute leukemias (ALs) are rare complications after treatment of breast cancer (BC). There is no apparent increased risk of this complication with monoclonal anti-HER2/neu antibodies (AHAB), although most of them also receive topoisomerase inhibitors (TIs). We described the case of a patient who was diagnosed with AL during the combined treatment with two AHAB (trastuzumab [TTZ] and pertuzumab [PTZ]) without any TI. Case Report: A 64-year-old lady was diagnosed with stage IV HER2/neu-positive BC in April 2018. She received treatment with docetaxel plus PTZ and TTZ. Docetaxel was suspended after eight cycles with a complete radiological response (CR), and she continued receiving PTZ plus TTZ infusions every 3 weeks. In September 2020, an abnormal blood smear revealed a mixed AL, with features of myeloid, T-lymphoid, and B-lymphoid AL. The next-generation sequencing disclosed mutations in FLT3 and ASLX1. Imaging tests showed maintained CR of BC. She received induction and consolidation chemotherapy with fludarabine, cytarabine, and idarubicin, with confirmed CR by bone marrow examination and cytometry. After considering the high risk of AL relapse and good perspectives of maintaining CR of BC, a multidisciplinary conference agreed to offer allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) to the patient. She is now in the conditioning phase of the BMT. Conclusions: We have not found previous reports of mixed multilineage AL in patients with BC after treatment with AHAB so that no relation between them must be assumed at this time. The improved prognosis of metastatic BC with the addition of PTZ is a factor to take into account for the indication of treatments like BMT in cases of AL complicating this disease. A potential effect of graft versus BC has been described in some cases. The potential tolerance of AHAB after BMT is also another point for debate with limited evidence about it so far.
PALLIATIVE CARE IN BREAST CANCER: CHALLENGES IN MEDICAL PRACTICE AND PROMOTING QUALITY OF LIFE
Authors: Assunção Silvaleide Ataides , Santos Ianca Leandra , Rahal Rosemar Macedo Sousa
Published: February 2022

Objectives: Breast cancer is the main neoplasm affecting women, and in many cases, curative treatment is not feasible. In this context, it is important to work with other forms of assistance that provide symptom relief and better quality of care for these patients. Therefore, the objective of this work is to portray the importance of attention and care to patients with breast cancer, whose cure is not possible, since it generates better acceptance of the situation and a more humanized end, with less suffering, pain, and anguish. Methodology: This is a descriptive research carried out based on a review of the medical literature available through a survey of publications from the past 12 years in the PubMed, Lilacs, and MedLine databases. The following descriptors were used: palliative care, home care, and breast cancer. Results: From the analysis performed, it can be seen that approximately 30% of patients diagnosed with breast cancer have some depressive disorder. This fact occurs due to the shock of the news of having an extremely serious disease, due to the disorders arising from the treatment or the progression of the disease itself. When assessing patients with breast cancer, who have palliative care at home, this percentage drops to approximately 9%, meaning an abrupt improvement in the quality of life of these people, resulting from multiprofessional home treatment. Conclusion: Given this situation, it is observed that home care, though insufficiently explored, has a good response for terminally ill patients. Therefore, it appears that palliative care should be better explored by both the public and private health systems, as this tool is capable of mitigating the adversities caused by cancer and improving the quality of life of patients and their families in this difficult stage.
ENDOCRINE THERAPY INTAKE AND OVERALL SURVIVAL IN YOUNG WOMEN WITH BREAST CANCER
Authors: Souza Alessandra Borba Anton de , Fetzner Beatriz , Rosa Ester da , Roesler Gustavo , Miranda Isabela Albuquerque Severo de , Santos Marcelle Morais dos , Zerwes Felipe Pereira , Frasson Antônio Luiz
Published: February 2022

Objective: Breast cancer (BC) in young women with positive hormone receptors (HR+) has a poor prognosis. There are possible clinical and biological explanations for these findings, being partially attributed to suboptimal adherence to endocrine therapy (ET). Fertility is one of the key factors for treatment discontinuation. This study aims to estimate the adherence of ET and the overall survival (OS) rate of BC/HR+ in young patients. Methods: We identified women from the public health system, diagnosed with stage I–III BC presenting at one single BC Center, between January 2006 and December 2015. Using the medical records of the hospital database, we constituted a cohort of 74 women aged ≤40 years. The discontinuation rate with associated factors and OS were summarized as percentages. Results: A total of 51 women were BC/HR+. The mean age at diagnosis was 35 years. The median follow-up was 89 months. Among them, 45% had BC recurrence (local and/or distance), and 21% died. A total of 15% of patients interrupted the ET. The reasons for interruption were pregnancy (three patients), menstrual disorders (two patients), and irregular adherence (three patients). Tamoxifen (TMX) was prescribed in 74% of cases. About 19% switched their treatment to aromatase inhibitors. The genetic risk assessment was recommended to 58% of patients, 13% performed genetic tests, and 2% of patients carried out the pathogenic mutation in the high-risk BC genes. Conclusion: This cohort showed 84% of ET intake should be improved. Pregnancy issues and irregular adherence were the main reasons for discontinuation. Considerations of 78% OS in 7 years are that TMX was the only ET for most of the cohort, and it is considered undertreatment according to the current recommendations, and the low rate of genetic tests performed leads unrecognized high risk of potential recurrence in women with hereditary BC. Research in medical records should be addressed as a limitation.
A case of successful pregnancy outcome with a large ovarian cyst- a case report.
Authors: Kouser Karim  , Hira Shujaat
Published: February 2022

Background: Ovarian cyst in pregnancy though uncommon but may be associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcome. Case Presentation: A 30 year old multi gravida, presented during pregnancy at 34 weeks with antenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of huge unilateral ovarian cyst and normal obstetrics findings. Elective lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) with left salpingo-oophorectomy was done at 37 weeks of gestation. Conclusion: Though a rare event but Ovarian cyst in pregnancy must be followed up carefully. Early diagnosis, timely and appropriate intervention is the key to the best of maternal and fetal outcome. With proper planning, management and expertise the pregnant women with ovarian cyst can have a good maternal and fetal outcome.
Management and Outcomes of Low-Grade Gliomas in Africa: A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Ooi Setthasorn Zhi Yang , de Koning Rosaline , Egiz Abdullah , Dalle David Ulrich , Denou Moussa , Tsopmene Marvin Richie Dongmo , Khan Mehdi , Takoukam Régis , Kotecha Jay , Sichimba Dawin , Dokponou Yao Christian Hugues , Kanmounye Ulrick Sidney , Bankole Nourou Dine Adeniran
Published: February 2022

Background:

Over the last decade, many advancements have been made in the management of low-grade gliomas (LGGs). Overall survival outcomes are correlated with factors such as postoperative residual volumes and specific tumor biomolecular profiles such as IDH mutation status. It is unclear whether these advancements have benefited LGG patients in Africa. This scoping review protocol outlines how the authors will evaluate the epidemiology, presentations, management and outcomes of LGGs in Africa.

Methods:

MEDLINE, Embase and African Journals Online will be searched from database inception to date in order to identify the relevant studies. Patients of all ages with histologically and/or radiologically confirmed LGGs that were managed in an African country will be included. Surgical and chemoradiation management of LGG tumours will be considered. Original research, reviews, commentaries, editorials and case reports will be included.

Results:

Primary outcomes of the review will include LGG management, morbidity and mortality. Secondary outcomes include epidemiology and recurrence of LGGs.

Discussion:

This scoping review will be the first to evaluate the current landscape of LGG management and outcomes in Africa, highlighting pertinent themes that may be used to guide further research as well as health system strengthening efforts by policymakers and stakeholders.

Scoping Review Registration:

The protocol has been registered on the Open Science Framework (OSF; registration link: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/E732G).

Highlights:
Mineral and phenolic compositions, antioxidant activity and GC-MS analysis of the leaves of Anchomanes difformis (Blume) Engl. from Côte d’Ivoire
Authors: Affoué Delphine KOUASSI  , Fatou Diane Micheline BAGUIA-BROUNE  , Kohué Christelle Chantal N’GAMAN-KOUASSI  , Janat Akhanovna MAMYRBEKOVA-BEKRO  , Yves-Alain BEKRO
Published: February 2022

The main objective of this study is to contribute to the valuation of Anchomanes difformis, a plant whose leaves are used for its oxytocic effect at the end of pregnancy and its use in the treatment of rheumatism in Côte d'Ivoire. The X-ray fluorescence spectrometer assay showed that the leaves of Anchomanes difformis contain (mg / 100g): K / 2061; P / 315.2; Ca / 1268; Na / 206.9; Mg / 653.8; Fe / 116.4; Cu / 0.79; Zn / 10.03 and Mn / 68.59. The quantitative spectrophotometric analysis of the phenolic compounds of the hydromethanolic crude extract of the leaves made it possible to determine the contents of total polyphenols (6.12 mg EAG / g), total flavonoids (mg EC / g), condensed tannins (0.637%) and hydrolyzable (0.312%). The evaluation of the antioxidant activity, measured by spectrophotometry against the stable free radical DPPH, revealed that the study extract (0.598 mg / ml) is less effective than vitamin C (0.032 mg / ml) taken as a reference. GC-MS analysis of the hydromethanolic extract revealed the existence of several phenolic compounds, the presence of which would be responsible for the therapeutic virtues of the leaves of Anchomanes difformis.
Field trial to monitor the efficacy of some commercial poultry disinfection on Salmonella typhymurium through cold fogging
Authors: HA Kaoud  , MM Khalil  , M Abdelhamed
Published: February 2022

The recovered results showed that: the incidence of Salmonella typhymurium in the observed commercial egg-layer flocks; the isolation of Salmonella typhymurium from 5 flocks (33.7 %) out of 15 flocks, the mortalities rates at the end of 78 weeks of age was 16 % and also, the current egg-production, average egg weight, hen housed day, hen housed egg and percent peak of egg-production were: 68 %,59.2 gm, 68.4%, 318, 78% and 70%, respectively. The efficacy of the most common disinfectants against Salmonella typhymurium was determined. The selected disinfectants were; Formalin, Phenol, QAC, Halamid, Virkon'S and Micro Sept M against Salmonella typhymurium isolates of the studied commercial egg- layers in Egypt (hfq gene of Salmonella typhimurium). It was observed that, S. typhimurium affected significantly only by Micro Sept M and Virkon'S, at low rate of application; the Log 10 of populations after15 mint exposure were 4.2, 4.4, respectively the recovered results showed also, that: Formalin, Phenol, Micro Sept M and Virkon'S treatment demonstrated a significant reduction in Salmonella typhymurium populations at high rate of application. It is evident from the results using formalin, phenols and QAC at concentration of 4% ,5% and 33.3 % by fogging other than spraying had increased action on the tested pathogens S. typhimurium after 15 min contact time (35.7%,42.8 % and 76.8%, respectively).
Spatial distribution of frequency modulated signals in Uyo, Nigeria
Authors: UJ Ekah  , AO Adeniran  , OE Shogo
Published: February 2022

The kernel of this study is to x-ray the extent of radio coverage of two Frequency Modulated (FM) radio stations (AKBC 90.5MHz and Passion FM 94.5MHz), both located in Uyo, Nigeria. Measurement of signal strengths were carried out across 14 locations using a digital spectrum analyzer. A GPS app was used to take measurements of distance, elevation, longitude and latitude. The collected data was analyzed in the form of scattered plot, contour plots, bar charts, graphs and correlation analysis. For AKBC, good reception was received by users at locations N, C, L, and F. For Passion FM, excellent reception was obtained at locations N, F, A and B. For both stations under investigation, location N had the best reception while location E had poor reception. To establish the effects of Line of Sight (LOS) distance on signal strength, correlation values of – 0.84 and - 0.67 were obtained for AKBC and Passion FM. For signal strength against elevation, 0.71 and 0.55 were the correlation values obtained for AKBC and Passion FM. This shows that an increase in distance from the transmitting antenna led to a decrease in reception while an increase in elevation led to an increase in reception. Existing and intending radio stations in Uyo, are advised to increase the height of their transmitter and transmitting power for better reception and coverage.
Design and implementation of a hybrid IoT system of data collection and visualization
Authors: Ahmed-Mouhamadou WADE  , Ibrahima GUEYE  , Samba SIDIBE
Published: February 2022

To carry out a scientific study on a given problem (medical, environmental, etc.), it is often necessary to have recourse to a reliable dataset. In Africa, access to data is generally a problem for the scientific community. Most of the existing datasets are detained by some tiers organization who often do not give access to it. To overcome these problems related to access to data, scientists generally use traditional methods (surveys, on-site readings, etc.) for their study. However, these methods are not only expensive, but also require a regular visit to the site for updates. In this article, we propose an autonomous solution for collecting and analyzing data based on the Internet of Things (IoT). The solution can be used to collect data of different kinds. Unlike traditional data collection methods, the proposed solution is much cheaper and allows real time data collection. To demonstrate its proper functioning, a practical case on the environmental data collection will be studied in this paper.