bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PRESENCE OF ALBUMIN IN ERYTHROCYTE LYSATE OF AUTOIMMUNE HAEMOLYTIC ANAEMIA PATIENTS OBSERVED IN ELECTROPHORETOGRAM
Authors: John Mathew , Maria Evelyn , Merin Sabu Minu , Asok Karthika , R Sinju
Published: May 2019

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia is a condition in which autoantibodies present against self erythrocytes which leads to severe haemolysis and loss of haemoglobin. In the present study we compared the electrophoretic band patterns between control and autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and non autoimmune iron deficiency anaemia erythrocyte lysate samples. We observed the presence of a band which was specific to autoimmune haemolytic erythrocyte lysates in the region of 70 Kd which was later identified as albumin and was distinctly absent in control as well as iron deficiency non autoimmune haemolytic samples. In addition, we have noticed that the catalase in the region of 60 Kd was found to be decreased in its band intensity in haemolytic anaemia samples compared to control. The presence of both albumin and catalase in the respective positions in the electrophoretic gel was confirmed by in gel trypsin digestion followed by mass spectrometry. The other erythrocyte proteins visible in the region of 25 Kd were found to have an overall decrease in band intensity in haemolytic anaemia samples compared to control. The specific presence of albumin in autoimmune haemolytic erythrocyte lysate is the main highlight of the work which was not reported till date and further studies could reveal the exact role of albumin in autoimmune haemolytic conditions.

Key words: Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia, erythrocytes, electrophoresis, albumin, catalase
Evaluation of the Aboriginal Relationship and Cultural Competency Courses among a sample of Indigenous Services Canada nurses
Authors: Rand Michelle , Sheppard Amanda J. , Jamal Sehar , Kewayosh Alethea , Mashford-Pringle Angela
Published: May 2019

In 2015, Cancer Care Ontario launched the Aboriginal Relationship and Cultural Competency (ARCC) courses, which stress the importance for healthcare professionals to understand and apply First Nations, Inuit, and Métis (FNIM) cultural safety to provide effective person-centred care. The courses address a key recommendation from the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada report, to provide skills-based training in cultural competency, conflict resolution, human rights and anti-racism. The objective of the evaluation is to validate the tool to assess: if the delivery mechanism is appropriate and feasible; if participants acquire an increased knowledge of the courses' contents; and if positive change in how healthcare practice is delivered is perceived to have resulted. After the ARCC courses were mandated for Indigenous Services Canada (ISC) nurses, an anonymous survey was delivered and a focus group was conducted at a regional meeting. The responses from the surveys were gathered in an excel spreadsheet for analyses and the focus group data were analyzed for key themes. All the nurses in attendance completed the survey (n=22) and a portion participated in the focus group (n=8). Our evaluation demonstrated that free, online, module formatted courses were appropriate and relevant for ISC nurses (81%); the courses increased the knowledge about FNIM people (72%); and the nurses have/will apply what they learned in their practice (82%). There has been an increasing movement for regions and organizations in Canada to complete cultural competency training. Our evaluation demonstrated that free, online, module formatted courses were successful at meeting learning objectives.
Heavy Metals Removal from Aqueous Solution by Modified Natural Zeolites Using Central Composite Design
Authors: Rahimi Monireh , Mahmoudi Jafar
Published: May 2019

Removal of heavy metals including Pb, Co, Cr and Zn from an aqueous solution was investigated using modified clinoptilolite zeolites as adsorbents. The adsorbents were characterized by X-ray, FTIR, SEM and BET. The central composite design defined under response surface methodology was applied for design of experiments. According to the results, clinoptilolite/MgO showed higher capacity for absorption of lead (98.38 %) in comparison to clinoptilolite/NaOH. The removal percentage of Co, Cr and Zn was obtained 89.51 %, 81.07 % and 78.24 %, respectively, using clinoptilolite/MgO. Moreover, the equilibrium experimental data well fitted the Freundlich isotherm model, as compared with the Langmuir isotherm. The results show that the complete regeneration of adsorbents can be achieved at room temperature using NaCl (0.35 M).
Impact of extreme cyclone events on coastal agriculture in Bangladesh
Authors: Farukh MA , Hossen MAM , Ahmed S
Published: May 2019

Extreme cyclone events are now occurring more frequently in Bangladesh. Bangladesh experiences severe 52 cyclones from 1960 to 2010 where, the approximate percentage of storm surge impact is 40%, the largest in the world. A severe cyclone in 1970 and 1991 caused loss of 300,000 and 200,000 lives. It is reported that 210000, 36000, and 3500 tonnes of boro rice, aus rice, and other food crops (e.g. potatoes and vegetables) were totally destroyed by 1991 cyclone. The storm surge killed huge livestock and caused loss of 100% of freshwater fish. Recently, the super cyclonic storm SIDR (2007) and AILA (2009) affected 10,000 and 300,000 people, respectively. Apart from these, cyclones NARGIS (2008) and MOHASEN (2013) are also mentionable. The crop production in the coastal regions of Bangladesh is most vulnerable by cyclones while, sea level rise by 2050 will inundate 17.7% of southern coastal areas. Tropical cyclones could become more frequent with more strength under recent climate change conditions. In this research, a new dimension of extreme weather assessment is done combining GCM and GIS technology and using tropospheric instability indices. The thermodynamic environment, vertical instability characteristics of severe cyclones are indispensable to cope with climate change conditions, and for planning, disaster management, and to reduce the risk of food insufficiency.

Progressive Agriculture, Vol. 30, Suppl. 1: 33-41, 2019
Efficacy of diversified rice storage technologies in Bangladesh
Authors: Hossain MA , Awal MA , Ali MR , Alam MM
Published: May 2019

Storage of rice is crucial postharvest operation. Traditional rice storage structures vary over local resources, climate and culture in Bangladesh. This study was carried out to investigate the efficacy of diversified rice storage structures at farmer’s level. Household survey was conducted through face to face interview of farmers using developed pretested questionnaire. Rice samples were also collected to test the quality of stored rice. Six different types of traditional structures namely Dole, Steel drum, Plastic bag, Plastic drum, Gunny bag and Motka for rice storage were identified. Maximum insect infestation in stored rice was observed in Dole followed by Motka, Plastic Bag and Plastic drum. This may be due to upper surface of Dole was open. Germination capacity went down to 68% in Plastic bag, 55% in Motka, and 80% in Plastic drum. Rice storage in Plastic drum was found effective in terms of insect infestation and germination capacity in comparison with other traditional storage structures Motka, Dole and Plastic bag. Therefore, Plastic drum can be an alternative option in rice storage.

Progressive Agriculture, Vol. 30, Suppl. 1: 51-56, 2019
Management and Outcome of Postdated Pregnancy at Rajshahi Medical College Hospital
Authors: Akhter Most Merina , Nawrozy Mst Shaheen , Kamal Abu Hena Mostafa , Jesmin Sahela
Published: May 2019

Background: Postdated pregnancy complicates about 10% of all gestation and is associated with an increase in perinatal mortality and morbidity. This study was designed to observe fetal as well as maternal outcome in the management of postdated pregnancies admitted into Rajshahi Medical College Hospital.

Methods: The study was carried out from July 2008 to June 2010. 100 cases of postdated pregnancies were included. Patients’ age, occupation, parity, mode of delivery, the indication of LUCS, fetal & maternal outcomes were recorded in a predesigned questionnaire. Results were expressed as Mean± SD, actual number and percentage of total where applicable.

Results: Mean age (±SD) was 21.3 (±5.32) years. 90% were housewives, 5% were in service and 5% were in other occupations. 53% were nullipara, 21% para-2, 18% were para-3, 8% were para-4.57% of the study patients underwent caesarean section and 43% underwent vaginal delivery. Fetal distress (n=34), non-progression of labour (n=19), cord prolapse (n=1) & CPD (n=3) were the causes of LUCS. Regarding fetal outcome, healthy babies were 76%, meconium aspiration 13%, birth asphyxia 11%. Among birth asphyxia, neonatal death was 1% & still born was 2%. Maternal complications at delivery were tear in the genital tract 8%, PPH 5% & wound infection in 4% cases.

Conclusion: Here, still-birth rate was 2% (normally about 1 in 3000 deliveries) and perinatal mortality rate is 3% (normally about 2-3 in 1000 deliveries). So, patients should be encouraged to attend regular antenatal check up to prevent postdated pregnancy and its complications.

TAJ 2018; 31(2): 50-53
Primary Causes of Caesarean Section among the Primigravida in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital
Authors: Shamima Mosammat Nargis , Khatun Mst Rawson Ara , Zereen Rubayet , Akter Nurjahan , Zahan Nargis , Begum Monwara
Published: May 2019

Background: Bangladesh recently became a middle income country and despite of its relatively low skilled birth attendance (26.5%) nevertheless experience a rise in caesarean section (CS) rate. But now the rate of CS increased almost seven fold from 3.5% in 2004 to 23% in 2016.

Objective: To find out the cause and incidence of caesarean section among the primigravid mother in Rajshahi medical college hospital performed in between January 2017 to December 2017.

Methods: This prospective type of observational study was performed in Rajshahi Medical College Hospital (RMCH) over a period of one year from January 2017 to December 2017. All primigravida who underwent caesarean section in RMCH were included.

Result: During the study period there were 11018 deliveries. Overall CS rate was 40.98%. The rate in primi was 30.70% and last year it was 25.58%. Conclusion: The vast majority of CS was not medically indicated. A number of policies and program had been launched to counteract this increasing rate of CS but virtually there was no impact.

TAJ 2018; 31(2): 54-58
Interstitial Lung Disease in a 10-year-Old Child: A Case Report
Authors: Uddin Md Belal , Hossain Md Belal , Rahman Khalilur , Sultana Nigar , Tarafder Md Manirul Haque , Ali Md Rustom
Published: May 2019

Interstitial lung disease is rare diseases in children. Respiratory symptoms appear progressively, are often subtle and diagnosis is often delayed by many months after onset. The histological diagnosis is confirmatory but high-resolution chest computed tomography is the most sensitive imaging technique for demonstrating and identifying interstitial lung disease. Interstitial lung disease in children mostly is idiopathic though it may be caused by several conditions.

TAJ 2018; 31(2): 73-79
Analysis of Biological Samples in a Contemporary Laboratory Practice (Review)
Authors: Miroshnichenko I. I. , Shilov Y. E.
Published: May 2019

Introduction. In the present publication highlights the key points of the main stages of development of methods for determining trace amounts of drugs and metabolites in biological samples using chromatographic and chromatography-mass spectrometry methods. The main sources of errors are specified. The main attention is paid to chromatography-mass spectrometry, which is the basic method of analysis of small molecules in biological samples. Examples from literary sources and authors' own practice are given.

Text. The review highlights some of the practical issues of preparation of calibration samples, method of increasing the stability of the sample at the stage of sampling and plasma preparation. In particular, the influence of various anticoagulants on the accuracy of the analysis is reflected. Specify the method of reducing back conversion of some metabolites of carboxyl-containing drugs to parent compound to prevent overestimation of the results of quantitative determination. Some methods of sample preparation, which have become widespread recently, are noted. For example, solid supported liquid-liquid extraction, based on the extraction of the component of interest from the water sample into the liquid layer distributed on a solid high-polar carrier, followed by eluting by a system of non-polar solvents that do not mix with this layer. Recommendations on the use of internal standards, the preparation of the mobile phase for HPLC, on chromatographic separation, validation techniques are given. In the section «Mass spectrometric detection» features of preparation of a mobile phase for chromatography-mass spectrometry experiments are given. The questions of carry-over reduction, ion suppression, matrix effect are covered. The phenomenon of cross-talk in the study of drug metabolism by chromatography-mass spectrometry is discussed. It consists in the mutual distortion of the mass spectrometric response, when the same mass fragments are formed from different ions-precursors. Features of development of techniques for high-performance pharmacokinetic screening are given.

Conclusion. The authors hope that the presented material will be useful for scientists and specialists in the field of pharmacokinetics, biomarker discovery and clinical analyses.
Nitrofurans for External Use (Review)
Authors: Beliatskaya A. V. , Kashlikova I. M. , Elagina А. O. , Krasnyuk (jr.) I. I. , Krasnyuk I. I. , Stepanova O. I.
Published: May 2019

Introduction. Aspects of the use of nitrofurans for external use (nitrofural, furazolidone and furazidin) are described in the article. Review of current research that is dedicated to development of drugs containing nitrofuran derivatives has been carried out. The prospects for creating dosage forms of furaсillin and furazolidone containing their solid dispersions with polymers are considered.

Text. The group of nitrofurans is widely in demand in the modern pharmaceutical market. The most common active ingredients – furacillin, furazolidone and furazidin are represented by various dosage forms for both internal and external use. All nitrofuran derivatives have a wide spectrum of antimicrobial action and a specific mechanism of action on bacterial cells. The low level of development of antimicrobial resistance allows nitrofurans to remain one of the most effective chemotherapeutic groups of antimicrobial compounds for many decades. The review shows a numerous current developments carried out by both Russian and foreign authors about use of furacillin, furadonin and furazidin to develop the composition of new drugs, including combination drugs, as well as promising treatment methods. Currently, on the basis of Sechenov University, research is actively conducted to increase the solubility and dissolution rate of nitrofurans in water using the method of solid dispersions. Also, work is underway to develop the composition and technology of solid (instant) dosage forms granules and tablets, and soft dosage forms gels containing furacillin and furazolidone as active substances.

Conclusion. Despite the use of active substances from the nitrofuran group in pharmaceutical practice for more than half a century and their low solubility in water, research on the development of complex drugs for external use and mono-preparations of nitrofurans have not lost their relevance and are actively conducted to this day.
WORKING CONDITIONS AND MORBIDITY OF GAS-TRANSPORT COMPANY WORKERS IN THE EXTREME NORTH EQUIVALENT AREA
Authors: Ikonnikova N V , Frolova N M , Nikanov A N , Boiko I V , Kucherov A V , Kozlova L V
Published: May 2019

Working conditions and morbidity among major occupational groups of a gas-transport company situated in the KOMI Republic of the Far North region of the Russian Federation have been analyzed. Prevalence of diseases in the primary morbidity structure is as follows: respiratory diseases (20.0 %), circulation diseases (14.5 %), musculoskeletal diseases (12.5 %), gastrointestinal diseases (9.6 %). Morbidity structure according to the number of temporary disability cases is different: respiratory (42.7 %), musculoskeletal (17.3 %), circulation (7.4 %), and gastrointestinal diseases (4.3 %). Morbidity among the gas-transport company workers was found to be higher than throughout the entire Komi adult population and among similar plant workers in the southern regions. Such evidence might be caused by the unfavorable effects of severe climate and by the specific character of the medical service at the northern gas-transport plant that registers diseases among workers more thoroughly. The increased cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and musculoskeletal disease incidence is observed among the gas-transport company workers exposed to noise and hot microclimate. The unfavorable effect of the mentioned adverse occupational agents is potentiated by smoking and irrational nutrition habits. Morbidity among the administrative officers of the gas-transport company is less than among the workers and engineer personnel exposed to harmful working conditions. The latter fact might result from the lowest harmful occupational exposure of the administrative staff and their most consistent participation in health improvement programs at industry-sponsored health care institutions.
REGIMES OF WORK OF CAR ASSEMBLY CONVEYOR IN CONDITIONS OF HEATING UP MICROCLIMATE
Authors: Sorokin G A
Published: May 2019

In the car assembly conveyor workplaces in summertime, high air temperature up to 30-31°С is observed. The purpose of the present research was establishment of parameters of a regime of work - physiological intensity of the working process (an integrated estimation of density and rate of labor actions), time and conditions of rest protecting workers from sharp exhaustion and overheat. There has been described the method of definition of a level of physiological intensity of physical work in which the risk of thermal overheat and sharp exhaustion of workers in conditions of a heating up microclimate was prevented. Use of the method is shown in terms of development of physiologically safe regimes of work in the car assembly conveyor by air temperature in workplaces 26-31°С. There have been determined variants of admissible combinations of parameters of operating modes (physiological intensity of work; conveyor productivity; total time of regulated breaks in work) and conditions of rest (decreased air temperature in rest points; speed of air movement at rest; a share of time of rest in a sitting position). Admissible physiological intensity of work and productivity in the car assembly conveyor workplaces has been established by air temperature 26-31°С and relative humidity 40-50%.
PSYCHOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES OF INTELLECTUAL AND EMOTIONAL SPHERES OF BOYS AND GIRLS AT PRESCHOOL AGE
Authors: Shimanovskaya Y V , Kozlovskaya S N , Starovoytova L I
Published: May 2019

Preschool age is a period of improvement, personal development, which is characterized by individual features. The importance of the study of age-related characteristics of the emotional sphere of children is determined by the fact that there is a close relationship between emotional and intellectual development. It has been noted that violations in emotional development of preschool children lead to inability of use of other abilities, in particular intelligence, for further development. As a working hypothesis of the study we have taken a provision that boys and girls at senior preschool age had differences in intellectual, emotional and volitional development. The study included 300 preschool children aged 6-7 years in the city of Moscow and the Moscow region. A mandatory condition for inclusion in the survey was a voluntary written informed consent of the child's legal representatives. The study was conducted in two stages. In the first stage with the help of the psycho-diagnostic techniques, there were assessed the levels of verbal and social intelligence. In the second phase, there were studied the emotional and volitional spheres of the boys and girls. Statistical processing of the data included a comparative analysis of the average group indices, for statistical significance assessment, there was used the t-student test for unrelated samples. It has been found that verbal intelligence of the senior preschool girls in the sphere of associative thinking was higher than in the boys (p = 0.027), and the amount of vocabulary at the beginning of the girls schooling was much bigger. The boys were more aggressive than the girls (p < 0.001), but the girls were more anxious (p = 0.027). In addition, the senior preschool boys had higher arbitrariness of verbal communication than the girls (p < 0.001), they were more intellectually productive in situations of positive emotional reinforcement (p < 0.001). This factor must be considered in the process of training of preschool children, especially in evaluation of their intellectual activity.
ECOLOGICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC ASPECTS OF URINARY SCHISTOSOMIASIS AS PRECANCER (Literature review)
Authors: Startsev V Yu , Kolmakov A Yu
Published: May 2019

The article has included the issues of modern approaches to diagnosis and treatment of urinary schistosomiasis, a common parasitic disease. Numerous studies of pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and further development of urinary schistosomiasis allow us to consider this parasitosis as a precancerous disease. Due to the high rates of modern population igration, the widened area of schistosomiasis spreading and young age of patients, this subject is characterized by high medical and social significance. Despite the development of modern science, issues of diagnosis of this disease are relevant. We have an unresolved problem of verification of hidden forms, and the lack of effective screening complicates activity of the medical systems of the countries located in endemic areas. Also, the issues of early detection of the bladder cancer associated with urinary schistosomiasis that manifests itself in decades after the primary infection are pressing. The article has given an overview of original research works carried out over the last 30 years dedicated to epidemiology of urinary schistosomiasis and specific features of clinical and laboratory diagnosis of the bladder cancer caused by schistosomiasis: from clinical symptoms to high-precision molecular studies. We have identified shortcomings of existing research techniques and have planned the ways to improve verification of urinary schistosomiasis taking into account high carcinogenic activity of the pathogen and growth of medical-statistical indices in patients with the bladder cancer among residents of different countries.
KURUMSAL SOSYAL SORUMLULUK RAPORLAMASI VE TÜRK ŞİRKETLERİ ÜZERİNE BİR İÇERİK ANALİZİ
Authors: SOYSAL Begüm
Published: May 2019

ÖZET

Bu çalışma Türkiye’nin en çok satış yapan ve büyüklük sıralaması
olarak İstanbul Sanayi Odasının 2017 yılı verilerine göre oluşturduğu İSO 500
içerisinde yer alan şirketlerin, kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk konusundaki
yaklaşımını ortaya çıkarmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla araştırmanın yöntem
bölümünde anılan ölçütler bağlamında İSO 500 içerisinden 17 şirketin yıllık
faaliyet raporları diğer bir deyişle sürdürülebilirlik raporları içerik analizi
yöntemiyle çözümlenerek şirketlerin kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk konularına
verdikleri önem düzeyleri belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Sürdürülebilirlik
raporlarındaki kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk faaliyetleri bir yönüyle şirketlerin,
toplumun sosyal, çevresel, eğitimsel, kültürel ve benzeri konularda gelişimine
katkıda bulunmasına işaret ettiği için değerlidir. Araştırmada anılan şirketlerin
ekonomik olarak Türkiye’nin en büyük 250 şirketi içerisinde yer alması bu
konunun araştırılmasını daha önemli kılmaktadır. Çalışmanın sonucunda çeşitli
çıkarımlara ulaşılmış ve şirketlerin kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk konularına
yıllık faaliyet raporlarında yer verdikleri, dolayısıyla önem verdikleri,
bununla birlikte şirketlerin raporlarda bu konulara birbirlerinden farklı
düzeylerde yer vermesi bu konularda bir miktar farklı düşündüklerini, diğer bir
deyişle farklı alanları farklı düzeylerde önemli gördükleri söylenebilir. Tüm
bunlar aslında şirketlerin kurumsal sosyal sorumluluk konularına birbirinden
farklı düzeylerde olsa da önem verdiklerini göstermektedir. Bu konuda daha önce
yapılan çalışmalar da bu araştırmanın bulgularını destekler mahiyettedir ve
araştırmacıya zaman ilerledikçe bu konuların Türkiye’deki şirketler nezdinde
önem kazanmakta olduğunu düşündürmektedir.
Torunlarına Bakan Büyükannelerin Deneyimlerine İlişkin Nitel Bir Araştırma
Authors: Taşkın Mervenur , Akçay Sinan
Published: May 2019

Bu araştırma
torunlarının bakımını gerçekleştiren büyükannelerin bakım süreciyle ilgili
deneyimlerini keşfetmek amacıyla nitel araştırma yöntem ve teknikleri
kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kartopu örnekleme yöntemiyle ulaşılan 15
büyükanne ile derinlemesine görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiştir. Derinlemesine
görüşmelerle oluşturulan veriler nitel veri analiz programı olan MAXQDA ile
analiz edilmiştir. Analiz sonucunda büyükanneliğe atfedilen anlam, torun
bakımına karar verme süreci, büyükannelerin torun bakım sürecine ilişkin
deneyimleri, baş etme ve sosyal destek olmak üzere dört temaya ulaşılmıştır.
Katılımcıların büyükanneliğe yönelik algılarının olumlu olduğu ancak
torunlarına baktıkları süreçte birçok zorlukla karşılaştığı ortaya çıkmıştır.
Büyükanneler zamanlarının büyük bir çoğunluğunu torunlarına ayırmakta ve bakım
süreci boyunca sosyal yaşamdan izole olmaktadır. Büyükanneler torun bakım
sürecinde zorluklarla baş etme noktasında destek mekanizmalarına duydukları
ihtiyaca vurgu yapmıştır. 
Evliliğin Niteliği Olarak Evlilikte Bireyselleşme Ve Bütünleşme
Authors: Yazıcı Hikmet
Published: May 2019

Evlilik sadece insan neslinin devamını
sağlamak için değil, aynı zamanda tarafların sosyal ve kişisel ihtiyaçlarını
karşılamak amacıyla da tesis edilen bir ilişki biçimidir. Aracılar kullanarak
veya flört gibi değişik usullerle gerçekleşen evlilik ilişkisinde, bireylerin
farklı amaç ya da öncelikleri bulunmaktadır. Bunlar evlilik öncesi karar verme aşamalarını
ya da evliliği devam ettirme sürecini etkileyebilmektedir. Evlilik yaş
ortalamasındaki yükselme, evlenme oranlarında gözlenen düşüş ve boşanmalardaki
artış trendi bu görüşü teyit etmektedir. Evlenme ve boşanma oranlarındaki
olumsuz tablo, evlilik ilişkisinin niteliğini tartışma konusu haline
getirmektedir. Bu çalışmada evlilik ilişkisi daha çok bireyselleşme ve
bütünleşme bağlamında irdelenmektedir. Derleme niteliğindeki bu çalışma ile
bireyselleşme ve bütünleşmenin felsefi, kültürel ve dini boyutları kısaca psikolojik
bir temel üzerinde ele alınmaya çalışılmaktadır. Ortaya çıkan sonuç; iki
boyuttan birinin ağırlıklı olarak ön plana çıkması durumunda, evlilik uyumunun
bundan olumsuz yönde etkileneceği yönündedir. Bireyselleşme ve bütünleşme
çabalarının ait olma-birey olma dengesi kapsamında gerçekleşmesi kişisel ve
sosyal ihtiyaçların karşılanması bakımından önem taşımaktadır. Bu denge evlilik
ilişkilerinin niteliğini olumlu yönde geliştirebilme potansiyeline sahiptir. 
İnsan Hakları ve Sosyal Hizmet: Ortak Bir Kader Mümkün Mü? Nasıl Bir İlişki, Ne Çeşit Bir Etkileşim?
Authors: Yıldırım Buğra , Aslan Harun
Published: May 2019

İnsanların sadece insan oldukları
düşüncesinden yola çıkılarak insan onurunun korunmasını sağlama ve insanların
bazı haklarının bulunması hatta bazı haklarının da korunması gerekliliğine
yönelik gelişen kolektif bilinç, yirminci yüzyılın en büyük başarılarından biri
olan insan hakları kavramıdır. İnsan ihtiyaçlarının ürünü olan bu haklar, Birinci,
İkinci, Üçüncü ve Dördüncü Kuşak Haklar şeklinde tasnif edilerek tarihsel bir
gelişim seyri göstermiştir. Öte yandan insan refahı odaklı bir yaklaşıma sahip
olan sosyal hizmet ise teorik ve uygulamalı çalışmalarında insanların doğuştan
elde ettiği haklarından maksimum düzeyde faydalanmalarını hedeflemektedir. Bu
anlamda, insan hakları ve sosyal hizmet mesleğini birbirinden ayırmak mümkün
değildir. O halde bu derlemenin insan
hakları ve sosyal hizmet arasındaki ilişkiyi açıklama hedefi gütmesi ve ulusal
sosyal hizmet literatüründe insan hakları kavramına yönelik yeni kavrayışlar
sağlama kaygısı taşıması kayda değer ölçüde önemli bir amaç olarak
açıklanabilir. Sosyal
hizmet uzmanlarının, sosyal hizmet değerlerini gözeterek insan hakları
kavramına mesleki uygulamalarında atıfta bulunmaları aynı zamanda sosyal
haklarda eşitlik, sosyal adaletin sağlanması ve sosyal refah politikalarında
savunuculuk rolleriyle sağlanır. İnsan
hakları, sosyal adalet ve sosyal refah politikaları savunuculuğunun titiz bir
şekilde ele alınması gerekir çünkü çoğu sosyal hizmet uzmanlarına göre meslek
bu kavramlar üzerine inşa edilmiştir. Sosyal
hizmet uzmanları, uygulama alanlarında hangi müracaatçı grubu ile karşılaşırsa
karşılaşsın sunulacak bütün hizmetlerin ve yapılacak müdahalelerin insan
hakları ile ilişkili olduğunu
bilirler. Dolayısıyla insan hakları ve sosyal hizmet etkileşiminde ortak
bir kader birliği söz konusudur.
Sosyal Hizmetin Gelişiminde Türkiye’nin Konumu: Teorik Bir Analiz
Authors: Reçber Bircan
Published: May 2019

İnsanlığın varlığından
itibaren insanlar arası ilişkilerde ihtiyaçları karşılamak üzere var olan
sosyal yardımlaşma ve dayanışma uygulamaları geleneksel bir yapıda olsa da
tarihsel süreç içerisinde toplumların ekonomik, sosyal, siyasal yapılarına göre
birçok aşamadan geçmiştir. Sosyal yardımlaşma ve dayanışma, özünde hümanizm ve
sosyal adalet fikirlerine dayanmaktadır. Sosyal adalet anlayışı ile sosyal
refah kurumlarının işlevsel hale gelmesi sonucu ortaya çıkan kurumsal sosyal
hizmetler, geleneksel bir yapı içerisinde yürütülen sosyal dayanışma ve
yardımlaşma uygulamalarına bilimsel bir boyut kazandırmıştır. 

Bu anlamda Türkiye’de sosyal hizmetlerin gelişiminin dünyadaki sosyal
hizmet çalışmalarından ve gelişimlerden etkilenmesi kaçınılmaz olmuştur. Bu
çalışmada Türkiye’nin sosyal hizmetler itibarıyla bulunduğu konum
değerlendirmeye alınmakta ve bu konumun yeterliliği veya yetersizliği tespit
edilmeye çalışılmaktadır. 
Sosyal Hizmet Öğrencilerinin Alan Uygulamasina Yönelik Beklentileri Ve Deneyimleri: Nitel Bir Araştirma
Authors: Başer Doğa , Kırlıoğlu Mehmet
Published: May 2019

Sosyal hizmet
eğitiminde alan uygulaması öğrenci gelişiminin
ayrılmaz bir parçası ve eğitimin kalitesinin önemli bir belirleyicisi olarak
kabul edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada sosyal
hizmet eğitiminde öğrencilerinin alan uygulamasından beklentileri ve
deneyimleri nitel araştırma yaklaşımlarından fenomenolojik yaklaşımın
"tanımlayıcı fenomenoloji" biçimi çerçevesinde anlamlandırılmaya  çalışılmıştır. İlk olarak
katılımcılara "Sosyal Hizmet Ortamlarında Uygulama dersi kapsamında
yapacakları sosyal hizmet uygulaması ile ilgili beklentilerinin neler
olduğu", İkinci olarak "sosyal hizmet uygulamasının ilk üç gününde
neler deneyimlediklerine" ilişkin soru sorulmuştur. Katılımcılar 2017-2018 Akademik Yılı'nda
Sosyal Hizmet Ortamlarında Uygulama dersi kapsamında çeşitli kuruluşlara giden
19 sosyal hizmet bölümü 4. sınıf öğrencisinden oluşmaktadır. Veri analizi
sonucunda alan uygulamasından beklentiler boyutunda  bilgi, müracaatçı ile temas, sosyal hizmet
uzmanı olmaya hazırlık, bürokrasi, teori-pratik, gözlem, kişisel gelişim, kurum
danışmanı, meslek dışı  kaygılar, müracaatçıya
fayda sağlama  ve mesleki kaygı
temalarına ulaşılmış, alan uygulamasından edinilen deneyimler boyutunda ise
müracaatçı ile temas, gözlem, sıcak bir ortam, teori-pratik, kurum danışmanı,
heyecan, bürokrasi ve  vakalardan
etkilenme temalarına ulaşılmıştır. Sonuç ve öneriler bölümünde uygulamada
öğrencilerin birebir müracaatçılarla karşılaşıp onların hayatlarına
dokunabilecekleri kuruluşların tercih edilmesinin önemine,
kuramların-kavramların uygulama ile vakaların da teori ile bütünleştiği bir eğitimin
daha bütüncül bir öğrenmeyi oluşturacağına, mesleki kaygıyı azaltacak
uygulamaların gerekliliğine, kurum danışmanı seçiminde niteliğin ve
motivasyonun dikkate alınmasına ve kuruluş ortamının öğretim elemanları
tarafından uygulama öncesinde gözlemlenmesinin yararına değinilmiştir.
Amerikan Ulusal Adli Sosyal Çalışma Derneği Etik İlkeler Belgesi Türkiye’de Uygulanabilir Mi? Adli Alanda Çalışan Sosyal Çalışmacılara Dair Nitel Bir Araştırma
Authors: Yanardağ Umut
Published: May 2019

Sosyal
çalışma mesleğinin Türkiye’de kurumsallaşma süreci tamamlanamamıştır. Bu durum sosyal
çalışmacı istihdamının artışıyla birlikte gelişen sosyal çalışma uygulama
alanlarında mesleki uygulamaların yürütülmesine dair etik ilkelerin belirlenmesine
ihtiyaç duyulmasına yol açmaktadır. Mesleki uygulamaların yürütülmesine dair etik
ilkelerin belirlenmesine İhtiyaç duyulan uygulama alanlarından biri de, adli
sosyal çalışma alanıdır. Nitel bir araştırma olan bu çalışma, adli sosyal
çalışma alanında çalışan/çalışma deneyimi bulunan, maksimum çeşitlilik
örneklemiyle seçilmiş on üç sosyal çalışmacıyla elde edilen bulgularla adli
alanda çalışan sosyal çalışmacıların çalıştıkları kuruma, meslektaşlara,
danışanlara ve topluma karşı etik sorumlulukları, sosyal çalışmacıların karşılaştıkları
etik sorunları ve adli alanda sosyal çalışma mesleğine dair etik ilkelerin belirlenmesine
dair ihtiyacın Amerikan Adli Sosyal Çalışma Derneği Etik İlkeler Belgesi’nin
Türkiye’ye uyarlanmasıyla giderilip giderilemeyeceğini ortaya koymak
amacındadır.
Çocuğa Yönelik Cinsel İstismar Deneyiminin Mikro Ve Mezzo Sistemler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: Paslı Figen
Published: May 2019

Bu araştırmanın amacı
cinsel istismar yaşantısının çocuk, genç ve annede yarattığı duygular, çocuk ve
aile üzerindeki etkileri, cinsel istismar olayı karşısında mikro sistemin
tutumunu, mezzo sistemin niteliklerini incelemektir. Çocuğun mikro sistemle
etkileşimi hem cinsel istismarın gerçekleşmesinde risk etmenleri barındırdığı
için, hem de istismar sürecinin çocuk ve ebeveynler üzerindeki etkileri
açısından önemlidir. Nitel yöntemle yapılan bu araştırmada veriler yarı
yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile derinlemesine görüşmeler yoluyla
toplanmıştır. Görüşme formu 18 yaş ve altındaki 6 çocuğa, 18 yaş üzerindeki 4
gence ve 11 anneye uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, cinsel istismar
yaşantısı çocuklar ve anneler üzerinde daha çok korku/kaygı, suçluluk,
güvensizlik, utanç duyguları yaratmaktadır. Çocuğun yaşamına getirdikleri
arasında cinselleştirilmiş davranışlar, özkıyım, becerilerde gerileme,
gebelik/obezite, ruhsal bozukluklar görülmektedir. Bazı annelerde   ruhsal bozukluk görüldüğü, sosyal dışlanma
gibi olumsuz deneyimler yaşandığı gibi, zor koşulları birlikte göğüslemenin
aile üyeleri arasında dayanışma, güçlenme gibi olumlu sonuçlara yol açtığı gözlemlenmektedir.
Mikro sistemde çocuğa ve aileye sosyal destek sağlama gibi olumlu tutumlar
görülmektedir. Çocuğa inanmama, tepkisiz kalma, çocuğu istismarcısıyla
evlendirerek “namus temizleme” gibi algılar ortaya çıkmıştır. Mikro sistemdeki
bireylerin etkileşimi aynı zamanda mezzo sistemin olumlu  ve olumsuz niteliklerini ifade etmektedir. 
Proteomic Analysis of Peroxynitrite-Induced Protein Nitration in Isolated Beef Heart Mitochondria
Authors: KOHUTIAR M. , ECKHARDT A. , MIKŠÍK I. , ŠANTOROVÁ P. , WILHELM J.
Published: May 2019

Mitochondria are exposed to reactive nitrogen species under physiological conditions and even more under several pathologic states. In order to reveal the mechanism of these processes we studied the effects of peroxynitrite on isolated beef heart mitochondria in vitro. Peroxynitrite has the potential to nitrate protein tyrosine moieties, break the peptide bond, and eventually release the membrane proteins into the solution. All these effects were found in our experiments. Mitochondrial proteins were resolved by 2D electrophoresis and the protein nitration was detected by immunochemical methods and by nano LC-MS/MS. Mass spectrometry confirmed nitration of ATP synthase subunit beta, pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit beta, citrate synthase and acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase. Immunoblot detection using chemiluminiscence showed possible nitration of other proteins such as cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 1, NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 2, elongation factor Tu, NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] flavoprotein 2, heat shock protein beta-1 and NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] iron-sulfur protein 8. ATP synthase beta subunit was nitrated both in membrane and in fraction prepared by osmotic lysis. The high sensitivity of proteins to nitration by peroxynitrite is of potential biological importance, as these enzymes are involved in various pathways associated with energy production in the heart.
How To Interpret Elevated Plasmatic Level of High-Sensitive Troponin T in Newborns and Infants?
Authors: JEHLICKA P. , HUML M. , RAJDL D. , MOCKOVA A. , MATAS M. , DORT J. , MASOPUSTOVA A.
Published: May 2019

Research and clinical implications on novel cardiac biomarkers has intensified significantly in the past few years. The high-sensitive troponin T (hscTnT) assay plays a dominant role in diagnostic algorithm regarding myocardial injury in adults. Despite generally accepted use of hscTnT there are no data about physiological concentrations and cut-off limits in neonates and infants to date. The aim of this study is to assess hscTnT levels in healthy newborns and infants. Consecutively 454 healthy full termed newborns and 40 healthy infants were enrolled in the study. Samples of cord or venous blood were drawn and tested for hscTnT concentrations with high-sensitive TnT assay (Roche Cobas e602 immunochemical analyzer). The 97.5 percentile of hscTnT concentration was assessed and correlation analysis was performed in neonates. Two hundred and thirteen samples (47 %) were excluded due to blood hemolysis of various degrees in neonates. Finally, the group of 241 healthy newborns was statistically analyzed. The median concentration of hscTnT was 38.2 ng/ml, 97.5 percentile reached 83.0 ng/l (confidential interval 74.1 to 106.9 ng/l). HscTnT concentrations were statistically decreased in hemolytic samples when compared to non-hemolytic samples (34.3 ng/l [26.7 to 42.0 ng/l] and 37.1 ng/l [30.5 to 47.9 ng/l], respectively, p=0.003). Elevated plasma concentrations of hscTnT decreased to adult level within six months. This study has confirmed the higher reference levels of hscTnT in neonates and young infants when compared with adult population. Many extracardiac factors as hemolysis and age may affect the hscTnT level. Based on presented results, a careful clinical interpretation of hscTnT is recommended.
Occlusion Confusion
Authors: McCoy Gene
Published: May 2019

Everyone agrees that a good understanding of occlusion is essential to ensure optimum dental health. Unfortunately, that seems to be the only point of consensus for this important, yet controversial subject. Occlusion is often described as troublesome, complex, and incoherent, but confusing seems to describe it best.
Kista Epidermoid Terinflamasi Yang Menyerupai Granuloma Piogenik Pada Anak
Authors: - Widyastuti - , Yahya Yulia Farida
Published: May 2019

Kista epidermoid merupakan salah satu tumor kista jinak yang dilapisi epitel skuamosa dan berisi keratin. Secara klinis memberi gambaran khas berupa nodus sewarna kulit atau kekuningan dan tidak nyeri, dengan pungtum sentral pada folikel pilosebasea. Kista epidermoid terinflamasi sering salah diagnosis sebagai granuloma piogenik. Dilaporkan satu kasus anak perempuan dengan kista epidermoid terinflamasi yang menyerupai granuloma piogenik.Seorang anak perempuan berusia 11 tahun, dibawa berobat dengan keluhan benjolan merah di pipi kanan yang bertambah besar sejak 2 bulan lalu. Permukaan lesi licin dan tidak nyeri. Riwayat trauma tidak diketahui. Pada pemeriksaan di regio maksilaris dekstra ditemukan tumor eritematosa-livid, bulat, soliter, 1x1x0,5 cm, dengan pungtum sentral. Dilakukan shave eksisi dilanjutkan bedah listrik dengan modalitas koagulasi. Hasil pemeriksaanÂ  histopatologikÂ  menunjukkanÂ  kistaÂ  epidermoid dilapisi epitel skuamosa kompleks berkeratin dengan lumen berisi massa keratin.Kista epidermoid terinflamasi jarang dijumpai. Gambaran histopatologis menunjukkan kista dilapisi epitel skuamosa berlapis dengan lapisan granular utuh berisi massa keratin. Kista epidermoid terinflamasi diduga akibat trauma yang memicu respons inflamasi dan jaringan granulasi sehingga terbentuk granuloma piogenik.Granuloma piogenik dapat terjadi pada lesi kista epidermoid akibat trauma. Pada kasus dengan gambaran klinis menyerupai granuloma piogenik, pemeriksaan histopatologik diperlukan untuk menegakkan diagnosis pasti.Â Kata kunci: Kista epidermoid dengan inflamasi, granuloma piogenik, gambaran klinis, histopatologis
Peptida Antimikrobial
Authors: Gunawan Hendra , Effendi RM Rendy Ariezal
Published: May 2019

Â Â Â Â  Peptida antimikrobial (PAM) merupakan kelompok peptida di permukaan sel epitel yang bersifat mikrobisidalÂ  dan sitolitik. Peptida ini berperan dalam respons imun bawaan,Â  sebagai lini pertama dalam pertahanan terhadap infeksi dengan cara membunuh langsung bakteri, jamur, atau virus. Dua kelompok besar PAM yang terdapat pada manusia yaitu defensin dan katelisidin. Defensin diklasifikasikan menjadi tiga tipe yaitu alfa, beta, dan teta defensin. Pada manusia, hanya terdapat satu tipe katelisidin yaitu human cathelicidin antimicrobial protein 18 (hCAP18), dengan LL-37 sebagai bentuk aktifnya. Tipe PAM lainnya pada manusia yaitu psoriasin, RNase 7, dan dermsidin. Mekanisme kerja PAM yaitu berikatan dengan membran sel mikroba dan membentuk sebuah celah, sehingga terjadi perubahan permeabilitas membran yang mengakibatkan sel mengalami lisis. Jumlah PAM akan meningkat saat terjadi infeksi dan inflamasi. Perubahan pola ekspresi PAM terdapat pada beberapa penyakit kulit yang mengalami inflamasi kronik misalnya psoriasis, dermatitis atopik, rosasea, akne vulgaris, hidradenitis supuratif, infeksi virus, dan lupus eritematosus sistemik. Hingga sat ini terus dikembangkan penelitian terhadap peranan PAM dalam bidang dermatologi. Beberapa jenis PAM yang saat ini tersedia di pasaran antara lain PlectasinÂ®, MagaininsÂ®, PexigananÂ®.Â Kata kunci: defensin, katelidisin, peptida antimikrobial
Perbandingan Jumlah Kuman Pada Pasien Bromhidrosis, Sebelum Dan Sesudah Operasi Modifikasi Sedot Lemak Dengan Kuretase
Authors: Murti Mira Trisna , Negara Wisuda putra , Widhiati Suci , Mulianto Nurrachmat , Julianto Indah , Saptawati Leli
Published: May 2019

Bromhidrosis merupakan kondisi bau badan menyengat akibat interaksi antara kelenjar keringat dan mikroorganisme. Tindakan pembedahan dengan teknik modifikasi sedot lemak dan kuretase merupakan salah satu terapi yang cukup aman dan efektif untuk bromhidrosis. Pertumbuhan kuman penyebab bromhidrosis dipengaruhi oleh suhu, kelembapan serta sekresi kelenjar keringat. Pada pasien pascaoperasi bromhidrosis terjadi penurunan sekresi kelenjar keringat dan penurunan kelembapan yang menyebabkan penurunan jumlah kuman komensal penyebab bromhidrosis.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbandingan jumlah kuman pada pasien bromhidrosis sebelum dan sesudah operasi modifikasi sedot lemak dan kuretase.Penelitian di lakukan di RSUD Dr. Moewardi Surakarta, rancangan penelitian menggunakan eksperimental uji klinik dengan pendekatan one group pretest-posttest design. Subjek terdiri dari 10 pasien bromhidrosis yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah prosedur, menggunakan teknik swab, dioleskan pada permukaan media agar natrium, agar darah dan agar Mc Conkey. Penghitungan jumlah kuman dengan teknik total plate count, data di analisisÂ  menggunakan Paired T test.Tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna (p>0,05) antara jumlah kuman dari sampel sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Beberapa spesies kuman yang ditemukan adalah kokus positif Gram (Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp.), batang positif Gram, E. coli danÂ  Shigella spp. Â Kata kunci: bromhidrosis, jumlahÂ  kuman, modifikasiÂ  sedot lemak dan kuretase
Prevalensi Kelainan Mata Pada Pasien Kusta di Suatu Wilayah Pemukiman Kusta di Tangerang
Authors: Menaldi Sri Linuwih , Arifin Rosdeni , Gondhowiardjo Tjahjono
Published: May 2019

Keterlibatan mata pada penyakit kusta sering terjadi dan masih merupakan masalah kesehatan yang serius, namun hanya sedikit data yang dipublikasikan. Kelainan mata akibat penyakit kusta dapat menyebabkan kebutaan dan termasuk cacat tingkat dua yang dapat mengganggu produktivitas pasien kusta setelah kecacatan pada ekstremitasnya. Kelainan mata ekstraokuler yang dapat terjadi berupa madarosis dan lagoftalmos, yang mudah didiagnosis oleh petugas kesehatan atau dokter yang bukan dokter spesialis mata. Komplikasi intraokuler yang dapat menyebabkan kebutaan secara langsung adalah katarak, uveitis, dan glaukoma. Tujuan survei pendahuluan ini adalah untuk mendapatkan data komplikasi pada mata akibat infeksi Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae), dan untuk digunakan sebagai acuan penelitian lebih lanjut. Hasil survei yang dilakukan di pemukiman sekitar wilayah RS Sitanala Tangerang, ditemukan kelainan katarak menduduki prevalensi tertinggi yaitu 24,68%, diikuti oleh uveitis dengan prevalensi 23,41% dan 13,92% ditemukan uveitis bilateral. Pemeriksaan kelainan mata seyogianya dilakukan oleh dokter spesialis mata yang kompeten di bidangnya. Dengan demikian tata laksana kasus kusta dapat dilakukan terintegrasi, sehingga kebutaan dapat dicegah lebih dini.
Hubungan Jumlah CD4 Dengan Manifestasi Mukokutan: Kajian Pada Pasien HIV di RSUP Dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta
Authors: Pudjiati Satiti Retno , Dewi Nadia Akita
Published: May 2019

Kelainan mukokutan sering dijumpai pada pasien HIV dengan bentuk kelainan yang bervariasi. Progresivitas HIV ditandai dengan penurunan jumlah CD4 dan munculnya manifestasi mukokutan.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan jumlah CD4 dengan manifestasi mukokutan pada pasien HIV.Dilakukan studi potong lintang berdasarkan rekam medis di RSUP dr. Sardjito Yogyakarta selama periode Januari 2011-Desember 2015. Data meliputi usia, jenis kelamin, faktor risiko transmisi, manifestasi mukokutan dan jumlah CD4. Titik potong jumlah CD4 adalah 200 sel/mm3. Hubungan jumlah CD4 dengan manifestasi klinis dianalisis menggunakan tes Chi-square, dengan kemaknaan p< 0,05.Dijumpai 928 subyek HIV; 65,4% laki-laki, 34,5% perempuan. Rentang usia terbanyak 20-29 tahun (38,69%). Faktor risiko transmisi HIV terbanyak seks tidak aman (72%). Jumlah CD4 tertinggi 1.094 sel/mm3 dan terendah 1 sel/mm3. Ditemukan 306 kasus dengan manifestasi mukokutan. Manifestasi mukokutan terbanyak berupa infeksi jamur (40,4%) dengan jenis infeksi tersering adalah kandidiasis oral (33,8%); diikuti non-infeksi (28%) dengan jenis tertinggi erupsi obat (35,9%); persentase tumor kecil (0,5%) berupa sarkoma kaposi. Ditemukan kasus infeksi menular seksual (18,85%) dengan kasus terbanyak berupa kondilomata akuminata (49,3%). Analisis statistik menunjukkan hubungan bermakna antara jumlah CD4 dengan infeksi jamur (p:0.0001; OR 3,8; 95% CI 2,29 â€“ 6,30), infeksi virus (p: 0,0031 OR 0,4; 95% CI 0,24â€“0,74 ) dan infeksi parasit (p: 0,043 OR 0,2; 95% CI 0,06 â€“ 0,61). Infeksi jamur meningkat pada kondisi jumlah CD4 < 200 sel/mm3, sedangkan infeksi virus dan parasit meningkat pada kondisi CD4>200 sel/mm3.