bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Numerical investigation of an enhanced PTC absorber tube using cylindrical inserts.
Authors: HADDOUCHE Mohammed Reda
Published: February 2023

The main purpose of this study is to investigate numerically the thermal
performance of a parabolic trough solar collector’s absorber tube that
contains a novel kind of inserts with the objective to improve the heat
transfer between the heat transfer fluid and the absorber tube. In the
first part of this paper, the diameter and the length of the cylindrical
inserts are investigated based on Finite Volume Method and Monte Carlo
Ray Tracing method for Reynolds number ranges from 2 . 36 ∙ 10 4 to 7 .
09 ∙ 10 4 . In the second part, the eccentricity of the cylindrical
inserts is investigated under the same operating conditions. The
Therminol VP1 is the HTF that used in this
investigation intermediate fluid. The numerical simulation indicates
that the perturbators enhance the thermal behavior of receiver and
reduces the absorber tube’s temperature difference.
How to differentiate between invasive lobular carcinoma metastasis and type 4 advanced gastric cancer: The importance of immunohistochemistry
Authors: Jinushi Ryuhei , Kawasaki Tomonori , Ryozawa Shomei
Published: February 2023

Gastric metastases originating from breast carcinomas and type 4
advanced gastric cancers are often difficult to distinguish because of
their similar endoscopic and pathologic characteristics. This often
delays early intervention and accordingly affects prognosis.
Immunohistochemical analyses are important for both diagnosis and
treatment of breast carcinomas.
Morphological and taxonomic diversity of mesozooplankton is an important driver of carbon export fluxes in the ocean
Authors: Perhirin Margaux , Gossner Hannah , Godfrey Jessica , Johnson Rod , Blanco-Bercial Leocadio , Ayata Sakina-Dorothée
Published: February 2023

Mesozooplankton is a very diverse group of small animals ranging in size
from 0.2 to 20 mm not able to swim against ocean currents. It is a key
component of pelagic ecosystems through its roles in the trophic network
and the biological carbon pump. This highly diverse group is
traditionally studied through microscopes. However, recent methods have
been developed to rapidly acquire large amounts of data (morphological,
molecular) at the individual scale, making it possible to study
mesozooplankton using a trait-based approach. Here, combining
quantitative imaging with metabarcoding time-series data obtained in the
Sargasso Sea at the Bermuda Atlantic Time-series Study (BATS) site, we
show that opacity could be an important trait to consider regarding
mesozooplankton impact on carbon export, contrary to common assumption
that size is the master trait directing most mesozooplankton-linked
processes. Three distinct communities were defined based on taxonomic
composition, and succeeded one another throughout the study period with
various levels of opacity. A co-occurrences’ network was built from
metabarcoding data revealing six groups of taxa. These were related to
changes in the functioning of the ecosystem and/or in the community’s
morphology. The importance of Diel Vertical Migration (DVM) at BATS was
confirmed by the existence of a group of taxa known to be strong
migrators. Finally, we show that metabarcoding can provide a
quantitative approach to biomass and/or abundance of certain taxa.
Knowing more about mesozooplankton diversity and its impact on ecosystem
functioning would allow to better represent it in biogeochemical models.
Seasonal timing of ecosystem linkage contributes to maintaining life-history variation in a salmonid fish population
Authors: Ueda Rui , Kanaiwa Minoru , Terui Akira , Takimoto Gaku , Sato Takuya
Published: February 2023

Life-history variation can contribute to long-term persistence of
populations, but it remains unknown what ecosystem properties maintain
life-history variation within a population. Seasonally recurring
resource subsidies are common in nature, but human-induced environmental
changes, including global climate change, are causing temporal shifts
and decline in those subsidies. We experimentally demonstrated that the
terrestrial invertebrate subsidy occurring early in a growing season
facilitated red-spotted masu salmon individuals to adopt a fast life,
while the early-subsidy also maintained individuals that adopted a slow
life. In contrast, the late-subsidy did not increase the fast-life
individuals as much as the early-subsidy did. Consequently, the
life-history variation was higher in the early-subsidy treatment than in
late-subsidy treatment and no-subsidy control. The variation in
life-history was not simply explained by the growth-survival trade-off.
These results highlight the role of seasonal ecosystem linkages in
maintaining life-history variation within a population and securing
population stability at land-scape scale.
Executive Functioning and Acute Stress Responses: The Role of Cognitive Appraisals, Repetitive Thinking, and Emotion Regulation
Authors: Grimm Elise , Agrigoroaei Stefan
Published: February 2023

Exposure to stress can have significant, negative consequences on
long-term health. Among potentially modifiable targets for promoting
more adaptive stress responses, executive functioning has emerged as a
promising candidate. These functions may be involved in limiting
excessive stress reactivity when exposed to an acute stressor, while
also promoting faster recovery (i.e., return to baseline). Fewer studies
have been conducted to date on the role of executive functioning in
acute stress – especially with a focus on its distinct facets (e.g.,
inhibition, flexibility, working memory, and updating). Moreover, there
is a need for research focused on potential cognitive and behavioral
mediators explaining the relationship between executive functioning and
stress responses. Thus, the current study sought to examine the extent
to which executive functioning facets may play a beneficial role in
acute stress reactivity and recovery. Furthermore, we will examine the
mediational role of cognitive appraisals, repetitive negative thinking,
and emotion regulation. The findings may shed light on existing
cognition-stress pathways that promote more adaptive acute stress
responses.
Effect of piezocision-assisted lower second molar protraction on periodontal tissues, alveolar bone height, and lower second molar root resorption
Authors: Alhaija Elham S. Abu , Al-Areqi Marwan M. , AlShami Raed , Al Maaitah Emad F. , Wahadni Ahed Al
Published: February 2023

Objectives

To assess the effect of piezocision on periodontal tissues and alveolar bone height and to detect lower second molar root resorption in piezocision-assisted mandibular second molar protraction compared to no-piezocision molar protraction.

Materials and Methods

Twenty-one subjects (four males, 17 females, aged 22.43 ± 2.83 years) who presented with bilateral extraction of lower first molars were included. The patients were divided into two groups; Group 1: Piezocision-assisted molar protraction (right or left side of subjects) in which piezocision was performed immediately before lower second molar protraction and, Group 2: No-piezocision molar protraction in which lower second molar protraction was not surgically assisted. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), periodontal pocket depth (PPD), width of keratinized gingiva (WKG), gingival recession (GR), lower second molar mesial root resorption, alveolar bone height, and mandibular bone height were recorded at T1 (immediately before molar protraction) and at T2 (after second molar space closure).

Results

In the piezocision-assisted molar protraction group, significant changes were detected in the WKG (P < .001), GR (P < .05), and the mandibular bone height (P < .001). Compared to the no-piezocision group, piezocision-assisted molar protraction resulted in an increased WKG (P < .001) and less second molar mesial root resorption (P < .01).

Conclusions

Piezocision does not have any detrimental effect on the periodontium and produces less root resorption.
Trends in the Prevalence of Lean Diabetes Among U.S. Adults, 2015–2020
Authors: Adesoba Taiwo P. , Brown Clare C.
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVE

To examine trends and prevalence of lean diabetes among adults in the U.S. from 2015 to 2020, overall and stratified by age, sex, and race/ethnicity.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

An exploratory study design evaluated the prevalence and trends of lean diabetes among 2,630,463 (unweighted) adults aged ≥18 years who responded to the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), years 2015 to 2020.

RESULTS

Diabetes increased significantly among lean adults with BMI of <25 kg/m2 from 4.5% (95% CI 4.3–4.7) in 2015 to 5.3% (95% CI 5.0–5.7) in 2020, representing a 17.8% increase (odds ratio 1.21; 95% CI 1.12–1.31), with no significant change among overweight/obese adults. Increases in diabetes prevalence among lean adults varied by subgroup with Black, Hispanic, and female populations seeing the largest growth.

CONCLUSIONS

The prevalence of lean diabetes among the U.S. adult population is increasing, with larger increases among women and populations of color.
Land-use effects on aquatic macroinvertebrate diversity in subtropical highland grasslands streams
Authors: Bacca Jean Carlo , Rampanelli Cararo Emanuel , Alves Lima-Rezende Cássia , Tavares Martins Renato , Macedo-Reis Luiz Eduardo , Dal Magro Jacir , de Souza Rezende Renan
Published: February 2023

Knowledge of the frequency and occurrence of macroinvertebrates throughout landscapes may clarify the effects of anthropic impacts on aquatic systems and help guide conservation actions for watersheds. We evaluated macroinvertebrate α and β diversity in streams in four different subtropical phytophysiognomies: highland grasslands with arboreal riparian vegetation, highland grasslands without arboreal riparian vegetation, mixed ombrophilous forest and silviculture. We also evaluated how environmental factors influence α diversity. We sampled macroinvertebrate communities (by Surber sampler), litter input (by nets) and physicochemical variables of the water (by multiparameter and chemical analysis) at 10 sites in riparian zones of a highland system. A total of 2124 individuals were sampled representing 41 taxa, with high α and β diversity in mixed ombrophilous forest. The results indicate that environmental heterogeneity increases food resource availability, as well as macroinvertebrate diversity. Furthermore, the β diversity was found to increase with distance among the unconnected streams. Areas of silviculture had the highest density values among the sampled areas due high organic material stock in the soil. Therefore, higher leaf litter input may decrease the toxicity effect of secondary compounds released by leaf plant decomposition compared to environments with low systemic leaf litter input, such as highland grasslands. The presence of arboreal riparian vegetation drives canopy openness, water temperature, dissolved oxygen, and orthophosphate in streams, which control the frequency and occurrence of benthic macroinvertebrates. Homogeneous systems, as naturally observed in highland grasslands, plus high canopy openness decrease macroinvertebrate richness and density. The naturally low richness of highland grasslands, although with endemic species, may be an important guideline for legislation on anthropic impacts, management, and conservation of streams in this specific subtropical zone.
Discussion on the Cultivation Path of Chinese University Students’ Psychological Capital
Authors: Синь Хуэйли , Лянь Шуфан
Published: February 2023

Учитывая уникальные психологические особенности сегодняшних студентов, рожденных после 00-х годов, китайские вузы, руководствуясь принципами и основами теорий всестороннего развития человека, ориентированного на совершенствование, в том числе и теории счастья в контексте позитивной психологии, ставят перед собой в соответствии с вызовами новой эпохи высокую цель – развивать психологический капитал студентов как ценностное стремление к духовно-нравственному образованию в вузах. В соответствии с теорией психологического капитала выделяются четыре доказанных практикой пути для развития психологического капитала студентов: ориентированность на людей, уважение основного статуса студентов и повышение их чувства самоэффективности; взаимодействие в составлении учебных целей по принципу персонализированного образования; оказание помощи в регулировании эмоционального состояния и поддержании оптимистического взгляда; воспитание силы воли, повышение устойчивости к неудачам и культивирование упорства.

In view of the unique psychological characteristics of today’s post-00s university students, under the guidance of three theoretical foundations – theory of free and comprehensive human development, the development theory of humanistic psychology, and the theory of happiness in positive psychology, Chinese universities consider the development of the psychological capital of university students as a valuable pursuit of psychological education in a new era. According to the theory of psychological capital, there are four proven ways to develop the psychological capital of students: people-oriented, respecting the basic status of students and increasing their sense of self-efficacy; interaction in the preparation of learning goals on the principle of personalized education; assisting in the regulation of the emotional state and in maintaining an optimistic outlook; cultivating willpower, increasing resilience to failure, and cultivating perseverance.
Actualization of the trial action in the practice of designing career strategies for students of additional professional programs
Authors: Демина Людмила Сергеевна , Головина Алена Павловна , Французская Евгения Олеговна
Published: February 2023

Показан ход научно-исследовательской работы по формированию организационно-педагогической модели тьюторского сопровождения пробных действий при проектировании индивидуальной карьерной стратегии обучающихся в процессе реализации личностно ориентированных программ дополнительного профессионального образования. Представлена структура разрабатываемой авторами модели (цель, теоретико-методологические основы и принципы, организационно-педагогические условия, критерии результативности). Продемонстрированы результаты исследования по итогам пилотного эксперимента по внедрению разработанной модели в практику дополнительного профессионального образования, на основании которых сделаны выводы о корректировке модели и перспективах дальнейших исследований в данном направлении.

The paper shows the course of research work on the formation of the model of tutor support of probationary activities in the design of career strategy of students in the process of implementation of personality-oriented programs of additional vocational education. The structure of the model (purpose, theoretical and methodological foundations and principles, organizational and pedagogical conditions, performance criteria) is presented. The article shows the results of the research by the results of the pilot experiment in the implementation of the developed model in the practice of additional professional education. The conclusions about the model adjustment and perspectives of further research in this direction are made. The necessity of supplementing the formed organizational and pedagogical model of tutor support for trial actions when designing an individual career strategy of students in the context of the implementation of personality-oriented programs of additional professional education through: strengthening three lines of individualization in the tutor support of the program (organizational, program-methodical, pedagogical); creating conditions for the preparation of a team of tutors to work within a specific program additional professional education by creating its demo version; development of criteria for the selection of tutors to work in the program, taking into account their professional and individual personality characteristics, the ability to work with different categories of students; expansion of the reflexive component in the work of tutors; collection of cases on the topic of the implementation of trial actions in the design of the career strategy of students in the conditions of additional professional education and the development of methods of their use for practical classes and consultations within the framework of the program.
Use of base chronological lines in teaching a repeated-generalizing history course in high school
Authors: Попцов Дмитрий Александрович
Published: February 2023

Рассматривается потенциал применения опорных хронологических линий в преподавании повторительно-обобщающего курса истории в 11-м классе общеобразовательной школы как средство решения практических проблем в обучении истории в рамках обобщающих уроков. На основе анализа отечественной литературы выявлены основные подходы к использованию хронологических линий в обучении истории. Представлена дидактическая структура авторской опорной хронологической линии. Описаны основные ее элементы и их дидактические функции. Акцентируется внимание на положительном эффекте от синергии средств условно-графической наглядности (опорных сигналов и хронологической линии) в процессе обучения истории. Делается вывод о возможности построения повторительно-обобщающих уроков на основе опорных хронологических линий, а также использования их в качестве методического средства для структурно-функционального анализа материала при подготовке учителем урока истории. Намечены основные форматы уроков с использованием опорной хронологической линии.

The issue of the use of reference chronological lines in teaching a repetitive-generalizing course of history in the 11th grade of a general education school considered as a factor contributing to the solution of practical problems in teaching history within the framework of generalizing lessons. Based on the analysis of domestic literature, the main approaches to the use of chronological lines in teaching history are established. The didactic structure of the author’s reference chronological line is presented. Its main elements and their didactic functions are described. Attention is focused on the positive effect of the synergy of the means of conditional graphic visualization - reference signals and the chronological line, in the process of teaching history. It is concluded that it is possible to build repetitive-generalizing lessons based on reference chronological lines, as well as to use them as a methodological tool for structural and functional analysis of the material when a teacher prepares a history lesson. The positive influence of the use of reference chronological lines on the formation of cognitive, logical universal educational actions of students, their generalization abilities is noted. The main lesson formats are indicated with a reference chronological line. The attention is focused on the positive effects of the use of the updated didactic structure of the chronological line in the course of the iterative-generalizing history course in high school.
Creative techniques as a development resource of social and pedagogical practice
Authors: Авчинникова Светлана Олеговна
Published: February 2023

Ставится проблема совершенствования массовой социально-педагогической практики посредством освоения идей и техник креативной педагогики. Отмечается дефицит креативных технологий в арсенале школьных социальных педагогов на фоне высокой результативности их применения в специализированных службах с разным контингентом несовершеннолетних. Раскрывается полифункциональность креативных техник при решении социально-педагогических проблем. Креативность трактуется как цель и средство социально-педагогической деятельности. Приводится типология креативных социально-педагогических техник. Анализируется авторский опыт преподавания дисциплины «Креативные техники в работе с несовершеннолетними». Приводится пример создания студентами креативного продукта – интегративной художественно-творческой методики «Семейный театр» для работы с семьей несовершеннолетнего. Делается вывод о необходимости освоения креативного инструментария и идей креативной педагогики для дальнейшей технологизации и гуманизации социально-педагогической деятельности.

The author states the problem of mass social pedagogical practice improving through the development of ideas and techniques of creative pedagogy. Against the background of the growing need for qualified social and pedagogical assistance and the expansion of the school social work problems, there is a lack of creative technologies in the arsenal of school social workers, and conversely their high effectiveness in specialized services with different contingents of minors. In the theoretical aspect, we give the definition of creative technologies, reveal their functions in solving social and pedagogical problems (developing, communicative, compensatory, rehabilitation, hedonistic, recreational). There is an interpretation of the creativity phenomenon as the goal and means of socio-pedagogical activity. The author gives the typology of creative socio-pedagogical technologies: audio-visual, musical-dramatic, visual, training, game, socio-cultural design. There is an indication on the expediency of including creative modules in the training program for bachelors of psychological and pedagogical direction. We are emphasizing foreign and Russian experience in the instrumental training of social workers based on art-pedagogical and art-therapeutic techniques. In practical terms, author analyzes her own experience in teaching the discipline “Creative techniques in work with minors”. There is an example of the creative product developed by students - an integrative artistic and creative methodology “Family Theater” for work with the minor’s family. Thus, we’ve made a conclusion about the need of mastering the creative tools and ideas of creative pedagogy for further technologization and humanization of social and pedagogical activities.
Review of Personal Taxpayer's Compliance Level with Slippery Slope Framework Approach
Authors: Sarsadilla Via , Usman Fadlil
Published: February 2023

This research used a combined approach between economic and behavioral approaches to analyze tax compliance, known as Slippery Slope Framework. This framework stated that there are two important factors that affect tax compliance in paying taxes and carrying out their tax obligations, those two factors are taxpayer trust on tax authority and the power of tax authority. The “slippery slope” framework assumes that economic determinants of tax behavior represent authorities’ power, which leads to enforced tax compliance. On the other hand, psychological determinants lead to trust in authorities and also to voluntary tax compliance. The purpose of this research is to analyze the level of compliance of individual taxpayers when it is associated with factors that affect the level of tax compliance based on the slippery slope framework approach. The data set of the research was obtained from the survey to individual taxpayers using accidental sampling technique. The results of this research indicate that taxpayers have very good trust in the tax authorities and most taxpayers agree with the statement that trust in tax authorities affects taxpayer compliance. Based on that trust, taxpayers carry out their tax obligation voluntarily. Meanwhile, the results on the power of the tax authority show that the power of the tax authority has a neutral influence on taxpayer compliance. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the taxpayer trust factor is a factor that greatly influences taxpayer compliance in carrying out their tax obligations.
Qualitative Analysis of Air Crew Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Hoa Nguyen Ngoc , Hao Nguyen Thi Phuong , Shyu Wen-Hwa
Published: February 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has taken a heavy toll on airlines globally, with some airlines having to declare bankruptcy or cut operations due to travel restrictions. A significant number of flights have been canceled to prevent the spread of this virus. The COVID-19 storm causes difficulties for all sectors participating in the economy, from large corporations to businesses, directly affecting the workers involved in production and business activities. Workers face a more difficult life, reduced income, and even unemployment. Mental health, with its cognitive, behavioral, and emotional dimensions, is essential to the livelihoods and careers of employees, especially of airlines. Using a case study approach, with in-depth interviews with three crew members, the study profiled their mental health while on duty during the pandemic. Research results indicate that, during the pandemic outbreak, the crew had to face stress, anxiety, and fear. When the pandemic was brought under control, along with many loosening government policies (such as lifting regulations on movement restrictions, isolation for air passengers, medical declaration, and COVID testing before and after departure, etc.), they were optimistic and eager to get on with the task.
Tests and assessment of quality of the packagings in the aspect of their application in transport processes
Authors: Łukasik Zbigniew , Kuśmińska-Fijałkowska Aldona , Olszańska Sylwia
Published: February 2023

Packagings play an important role in economy. In transport, they are used to secure all kinds of products from sender to consumer. Due to growing and changing needs of the market, packagings must have appropriate aesthetic qualities and resistance to external factors that may occur during transport. Therefore, it is important to constantly adapt packagings in the context of complying with standards of transport of products. The goal of the article was to analyse and assess selected properties of packagings of cosmetic products in the aspect of  transport processes. Strength tests (compression test, tensile test), test of resistance of the packagings to high temperature and test of changes of properties of the packagings using an immersion method were conducted. An analysis of conducted tests gave an answer for the question whether packaging properly protect products in a transport process.
The expectation category in the legal concept of Werner Maihofer
Authors: Besaga І.
Published: February 2023

The German jurist Werner Maihofer (1918-2009) is most often mentioned in domestic philosophical and legal literature in the context of his original approach to the combination of social and existential philosophy. The explanation of the concepts of interpersonal communication, social roles and positions, as well as the resulting socio-role expectations and interests with the methodology of both social and existential philosophy, allowed the jurist to talk not only about the existence (being) and sense of law, but also about its value. The concept of value is expressed by the author through the categories of expectation and interest. To date, in modern doctrine and judicial practice, much attention is paid to the development of the concept of «legitimate expectation», but their connection with Maihofer’s work on this issue has not yet received due attention. The need to rethink the meaning of the mentioned philosophical and legal concept can contribute to a better understanding of the institution of legitimate expectation, in particular, taking into account the fact that currently scientific doctrine is officially recognized as a source of law. In view of the above, the purpose of the proposed investigation is to study the content and meaning of the right category of expectations in the philosophical and legal concept of Werner Maihofer.

As a result of the conducted research, it was established that Maihofer’s understanding of the concept of expectation is different from that established in modern legal doctrine and judicial practice, its legality is not determined by the individual’s realization of his subjective right, and the reasonableness of expectation is not related to compliance with the law. It acts as the basis of any normative requirement, assigns to the subject the limits of obligatory and forbidden behavior in a specific situation.

Expectations in the understanding of the German jurist appear as the basis of law, which is contained in social images and roles and is actualized, changed and realized during responsible decision-making in life situations. Such expectations act as an axiological criterion of the procedure and result of law-making, thereby giving the resulting law sociological normativity and existential value. Law in this sense is depicted not only as mandatory, but also as necessary.
Evidence in constitutional proceedings: issues of methodological foundations
Authors: Byelov D. , Bielova M.
Published: February 2023

It is indicated that the realities of social life, the political situation, global processes of transformation of phenomena and processes require legal precision in understanding the fundamental prescriptions specified by the Constitution, as well as ensuring the compliance of legislation with its provisions. Regarding the first question, there are two ways of solving it: detailing the provisions, which to a certain extent creates bulky codified texts that are difficult to apply, or clear, comprehensive formulations of constitutional norms, which provide for the establishment of fundamental principles of the functioning of state power and society, without detailed extended texts. The practice of international constitutionalism only confirms that the last version of constitutions is more convincing to apply. For example, the Constitution of the United States of America, approved in 1787, is still in effect today and has undergone only 27 amendments. Explaining the reasons for such stability, the famous American lawyer A. Cox points out that «the original Constitution still serves us well, despite the enormous changes in all areas of the life of the United States, because the creators of the Constitution had enough wisdom to invest in it exactly as much as was needed, but no more.»

It is noted that one of the main places is given to the process of proving and collecting evidence in constitutional proceedings. This is due to the fact that it is on the basis of correctly collected evidence that a legal and fair judgment can be rendered, in addition, the trial itself will take place in compliance with one of the leading principles - competition and equality of the parties. At the same time, proof (regardless of the type of judicial procedure) has common features as a certain type of knowledge.

It is claimed that proof is a type of cognitive process that is carried out in the order established by law and covers the activities of subjects involved in constitutional proceedings. And therefore, evidence in constitutional proceedings is a type of knowledge that is carried out in the order established by law and covers the activities of the subjects involved in constitutional proceedings, at the same time it represents a combination of both cognitive and procedural activities. The cognitive component characterizes the process of cognition, and the procedural component characterizes the special form that cognition takes within the framework of the rules of constitutional justice.
The main tendencies in the development of procedures for resolving disputes regarding the determination of the child's place of residence
Authors: Synelnykov Ye.
Published: February 2023

The article is devoted to the evolution of procedures for resolving disputes between separated parents regarding the determination of the place of residence of their child(ren). The article reflects the peculiarities of resolving disputes between parents concerning children, which took place at the main historical stages in the territory of modern Ukraine.

The author emphasizes the necessity of using historical and legal experience in the regulation of family relations and resoling family conflicts.

The author reiterates that historical and legal analysis of family relations` regulation and the development of the procedure for resolving family disputes is carried out with the aim of understanding and applying historical and legal experience, identifying the main basis of views in Ukrainian society on the fundamental provisions on which relationship between parents and children are based, as well as a legal procedure of determination of the child's place of residence.

The article shows main features of the judiciary and the resolving  disputes regarding the determination of the child's place of residence, which correspond to different historical periods from Scythia to the reсоvery of Ukraine's independence at the present stage. In particular, attention was paid to the periods of existence of the patriarchal and matriarchal order in the family life, the development of the rights of the child, the discovery of his interests, the development of the court system and civil judiciary.

It is proposed to single out the stages of evolution of the rules of civil procedure and standards of family law, which regulated and still regulate the procedure of the determination of the place of residence of a minor child on the territory of Ukraine.
World experience of legal provision of control over economic concentrations of economic entities
Authors: Holub N.
Published: February 2023

The article examines the legal mechanisms of state control over the processes of economic concentration in the most developed countries of the world.

A comparison of the legal antimonopoly institutions of the mentioned states was made, and special features of competition legislation, which are inherent in one or another country and their effectiveness in the process of controlling economic concentrations, were revealed.

It has been established that two types of legal mechanisms for controlling economic concentrations have developed in world practice, namely the American type and the Western European type.

It was determined that the American competition law prohibits any form of concentration due to the determination of its level by judicial authorities. In its regulations, American legislation contains clear powers of state authorities on concentration issues. The burden of proving the positive effects of the concentration rests entirely on the applicant for the concentration.

The competition law of European countries is softer. Mergers that significantly restrict competition are prohibited. The concentration takes place only with the permission of the authorities. The exception to this rule is the legislation of Great Britain.

Features of Japanese legislation are the existence of such concepts as depression and rationalization cartels, in the presence of which concentration is prohibited.

According to the results of the study, it was concluded that the use of successful foreign legal experience in the field of concentrations, such as increasing financial indicators for granting consent to concentration, introducing a broad interpretation and specifying the powers of antimonopoly authorities, clearly demarcating their competence, adopting a single codified legal act to regulate relations from concentration will lead to positive changes in the sphere of state policy regarding the right regulation of economic concentration in Ukraine.

Within the framework of this study, an analysis of national and foreign legislation in the field of regulation of economic concentration was carried out.
Methodological basis of the study of the sources of the law of social protection
Authors: Honcharov A. , Honcharov M.
Published: February 2023

The article examines the pluralism of methodological approaches to the study of social protection of the population in Ukraine in the conditions of social transformations of a systemic nature.

The study of the methodology of the problem of social protection is primarily determined by the constant need for deeper clarification of the content of this legal concept and the prospects for its further development. The constant search for new research techniques and methods ensures the accumulation of scientific knowledge, the deepening of ideas about the nature of social protection.

It has been established that the thoroughness and comprehensiveness of the study of social protection of the population, including the in-depth study of its legal nature and the development of proposals for further development, largely depends on the methodology of scientific research.

The starting point of the research is the judgment that scientific knowledge is acquired only if the study of the object (in this case, social protection) is conducted in accordance with the requirements of the theory of knowledge. The main element of this theory is the methodology, which determines the content and truth of the obtained results and conclusions of scientific research.

The methodological foundations of social protection research are systematized and the trend of anthropologicalization of scientific knowledge in the field of social protection of the population is revealed, which is manifested in the intensification of the use of an anthropological approach and is caused by the gradual affirmation of the idea of ​​man as the highest social value.

As a result, research and conclusions about social protection must be based on concrete material that is objective. Objectivity in the knowledge of the given question implies a relationship with the development of the system of state-legal phenomena, a combination of scientific and value approaches, giving priority to democratic values ​​that embody the current level of development of world civilization.

Modern legal science is characterized by the presence of not a single approach to understanding social protection, but a system of them. After all, only the pluralism of methodological approaches makes it possible to comprehensively study the social protection of the population in Ukraine. Social protection research methodology is a component of legal science methodology and includes knowledge of approaches, principles, methods and techniques that must be used when studying social protection.
The Steppe Rus: peculiarities of social structure of Rus before Christianity
Authors: Danilenko Danilenko
Published: February 2023

The author makes a reserch of the structure of Rus society on the basis of vedic law.

We have lack of written data about Rus before Christianity. On this basis many scientists, especially foreign, affirm that Rus before Christianity was a wild country: no state, no law, no writing, no religion. But such statesments are fals. Before Christianity Rus had vedic religion, as most of the countries in Europe and Asia. Basic features of state, law, structure of society, rights and responsibilities of individuals were established by vedas. Vedas as the sacred books defined main features of ancient Rus society, that was highly developed.

These statements are confirmed by many sources. Many evidences of vedic culture still exist in modern Ukraine. The names of ukrainian cossacs, as the names of modern Ukrainians show, that the ancestors of ukrainian people recognised the devision of society on the same four varnas, as in India. Rus people worshiped vedic Gods: Surya, Indra, Vishnu, Krishna and other. One of the ancient slavonic Gods is named Kolodiy. That is also the name of one of the biggest ukrainian holiday. It has the same roots as the biggest modern holiday in India — Holi (we can compare Kolodiy — Holi — and english “Holiday”).

Modern history says, that slavonic people, as the other people of Europe, used to live on the same place and their main activity was agriculture. Their enemies were nomades of asian origin, that lived in steppes. But this concept of the war between europeans as the habitants of the woods and asians as the habitants of steppes is artificial and fals. It was constructed by historians of XIX century. The falsity of this concept was proved by soviet scientists. It is interesting to admit, that scientists of moden Ukraine consider that false historian conceptions were developed by the government of Russian Empire. On one hand, this is true. But on the other hand, the same concepts dominate in Great Britain and other countries.

The author claims, that Rus society, as the society of scythians, was devided on varnas according to vedic law. The lower varna lived in woods and their main main activity was agriculture. The higher varna lived as nomades in steppes and grazed the cattle. Also the people of higher varna were warriors. Rus people choosed their kings only among these people. The highest varna was vedic priests — the volhvy.

The author also claims, that the knowledge of varna—casta devision of society has high methodological value for the science of history of law and state. The correct understanding of the development of the state, law and political history of  Rus, as the other countries of Europe and Asia, is impossible without understanding of the role of this factor.
Historical and legal aspects of the restoration of administrative justice in West Germany after 1945
Authors: Paslavska N.
Published: February 2023

The article is devoted to the issue of restoration of administrative justice in Germany after the Second World War. Historical and legal aspects of this process related to general administrative justice and branches of special administrative justice are considered. An overview of the legal and political background for the restoration of administrative justice in Germany after 1945 is offered. The impetus for the further development of the country in the post-war period was the political and territorial situation at the time of the collapse of Nazi Germany and its division into occupation zones, in which the allies - Great Britain, the United States of America, the Soviet Union and France - later formed lands, as well as the division of Berlin into relevant sectors. The debate over whether the German Reich ceased to exist as a subject of international law has been resolved in favor of the succession thesis, according to which Germany lost active legal capacity after the end of the war, but not passive legal capacity under international law. After the liquidation of administrative courts, the Allies restored them throughout Germany. This initiated the development and nationwide standardization of administrative justice, the establishment of the Federal Administrative Court in 1952 and the entry into force of the Regulation on Administrative Courts in 1960. The general provisions of the Allies on administrative justice in the western occupation zones and the conceptual reorientation of administrative justice in Germany after the Second World War are analyzed. Three concepts of legal protection in Germany were studied, each of which was used to a different extent and which formed a mixed system: (a) traditional administrative justice, i.e. legal protection by administrative bodies in the narrow sense of administrative appeal, (b) legal protection by courts of general jurisdiction and (c) legal protection by special, administrative courts.
Legal basis for the evidence gathering by the prosecution in criminal proceedings
Authors: Dulskyi O.
Published: February 2023

The article forms the legal basis for the evidence gathering by the prosecution in criminal proceedings. The relevance of the chosen theme is that the evidence gathering by the prosecution in criminal proceedings is regulated by legal acts of the state. However, there are cases when the prosecution violates their separate rules. The determinants are objective and subjective reasons: a significant workload on each law enforcement officer, limited time for making procedural decisions, untimely familiarization with changes in domestic legislation, etc. Such non-compliance with the legal acts of the state may be accompanied by violations of human rights and freedoms, as evidenced by a significant number of complaints filed against Ukraine with the European Court of Human Rights every year. A certain share of the relevant decisions adopted by the European Court of Human Rights in most cases state violations of human rights and freedoms. Therefore, we consider it expedient to form the legal basis for the evidence gathering by the prosecution in criminal proceedings, in order to ensure their correct theoretical understanding and practical application. Accordingly, the purpose of the scientific article is to determine and clarify the legal basis for the collection of evidence by the prosecution in criminal proceedings. Achieving this goal necessitated the following tasks: to analyze both legal acts and works of scholars on this topic, as well as investigative and judicial practice.

Based on the research conducted, the author has come to the following conclusion: the evidence gathering is regulated not only by the Criminal Procedure Legislation of Ukraine, but also by the decisions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, resolutions of the Supreme Court, the case law of the ECHR and departmental legal acts of relevant ministries, central executive authorities and other public authorities with law enforcement functions. The legal basis for the evidence gathering by the prosecution in criminal proceedings is the system of legal acts, a set of decisions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, resolutions of the Supreme Court, as well as the practice of the ECHR, which determine the methods, procedure, mechanism for collecting factual data, as well as the powers, functions and tasks of authorized entities during the pre-trial investigation.
Independence as a key principle of prosecution activities: general principles of implementation
Authors: Bysaha Yu.
Published: February 2023

The scientific article is devoted to the study of the general principles of implementation of the principle of independence of the prosecutor’s office.

It is noted that, as of today, the prosecutor’s office occupies a prominent place in the system of state authorities, since, in accordance with the current legislation, it is entrusted with a number of important powers regarding the maintenance of public accusations, participation in pre-trial investigations, representation of the interests of the state and citizens in court proceedings, etc. Based on the above, the issue of researching the principle of independence of the prosecutor’s office takes on special importance, since the quality of the prosecutor’s office’s performance of its functions depends on the proper implementation of this principle.

It has been established that the principle of independence of the prosecutor’s office is an important basis for the organization and functioning of the prosecutor’s office in any state, and its implementation is largely closely related to the application of other principles of the activity of the said legal institution. The independence of the prosecutor’s office takes place where the prosecutor can exercise his powers without fear or favor, without being subjected to undue pressure from state authorities and local self-government, their officials and officials, individual politicians, mass media, and other subjects. Public trust in the prosecutor and the prosecutor’s office as a whole, which ultimately depends on the public’s confidence in the prosecutor’s office’s observance of the principle of the rule of law, is of great importance in this context.

It has been determined that the independence of the prosecutor’s office can be considered in two aspects - as the independence of the prosecutor’s office from other state authorities (institutional independence) and as the independence of each individual prosecutor (individual independence).

In summary, even if the prosecutor’s office as an institution is independent, the prosecutor’s office may still be organized according to a hierarchy, which provides that an individual prosecutor may be subject to the instructions of another prosecutor. There are legal systems where the prosecutor’s office is modeled after the judiciary and is even a part of it. There is a third option, according to which the prosecutor’s office is part of the executive branch of government and is under its accountability. All this should be taken into account when studying the principle of independence of the prosecutor’s office.