bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
La filosofía de las matemáticas: desde la ontología y epistemología hasta la pedagogía escolar
Authors: Ruiz Castillo Juan Carlos
Published: November 2024

OBJETIVO: abordar los fundamentos de la filosofía de las matemáticas, la naturaleza y el alcance del conocimiento matemático, explorando preguntas sobre la existencia de los objetos matemáticos. MÉTODO: se empleó un enfoque analítico y crítico y se realizó un análisis filosófico profundo de diversas ramas de las matemáticas, explorando cuestiones sobre su naturaleza, alcance y aplicación. Se examinan perspectivas ontológicas, epistemológicas, éticas y pedagógicas para comprender mejor el conocimiento matemático. RESULTADOS: en este escrito, se presentan resultados que reflejan una amplia exploración filosófica de las matemáticas, incluyendo discusiones sobre la ontología matemática, la epistemología matemática, la lógica matemática, la filosofía de las matemáticas aplicadas, y la filosofía de la computación y las matemáticas computacionales. Estos resultados ofrecen una comprensión más profunda de las implicaciones filosóficas que rodean el estudio y aplicación de las matemáticas en diversos contextos. CONCLUSIÓN: la investigación filosófica en matemáticas aborda la naturaleza de los objetos matemáticos, la adquisición y justificación del conocimiento en matemáticas, y las implicaciones éticas y pedagógicas. Diversas corrientes filosóficas como el formalismo, el intuicionismo, el platonismo, el constructivismo y el nominalismo ofrecen diferentes perspectivas sobre estos temas. Este enfoque filosófico enriquece nuestra comprensión de las matemáticas desde múltiples ángulos, permitiendo una exploración más profunda de su naturaleza y aplicaciones en diversos campos.
Tejiendo futuros: descifrando los factores clave en la formación de jóvenes vulnerables
Authors: Aguirre Chacón Maribel del Rosario
Published: November 2024

PROBLEMA: Para los jóvenes que enfrentan circunstancias de alta vulnerabilidad social, el acceso a una educación de calidad puede ser un factor determinante en su bienestar y futuro. Estas circunstancias pueden crear desafíos adicionales que afectan su experiencia educativa, su desarrollo personal y profesional. OBJETIVO: Identificar los factores que inciden en el proceso formativo de jóvenes vulnerables. MÉTODO: Estudio de enfoque cualitativo y alcance descriptivo. Diseño narrativo con base en las experiencias de cinco jóvenes pertenecientes a contextos de alta vulnerabilidad social que vivieron experiencias educativas en sistemas de educación escolarizada y sistemas de educación alternativa. RESULTADOS: El apoyo de los padres se torna decisivo para la vida de los jóvenes vulnerables y favorece su proceso formativo. El docente también es un actor clave; características como la empatía y la formación en competencias docentes para el trabajo con jóvenes vulnerables aportan en gran medida a su formación. El uso de herramientas tecnológicas y dispositivos electrónicos dentro de espacios de aprendizaje flexibles facilita el proceso formativo de esta población estudiantil. La educación en modalidad alternativa y procesos educativos flexibles se perfila como la mejor opción educativa para los jóvenes vulnerables.  CONCLUSIÓN: Los principales factores que favorecen el proceso formativo de jóvenes vulnerables son: la inclusión, el uso de tecnología educativa, el trabajo alterno con estudio, horarios flexibles, docentes preparados y comprometidos con el aprendizaje de los jóvenes, la empatía y el control de diversos factores de riesgo.
Administrative byrder i mødet med lægen: oplevelser af efterlevelses-omkostninger blandt borgere med dårligt helbred
Authors: Halling Aske
Published: November 2024

Adskillige studier har vist, at ressourcesvage borgere oftere oplever administrative byrder i deres møder med det offentlige. Der er imidlertid stadig begrænset viden – både i Danmark og internationalt – om borgernes oplevelser af byrder i mødet med sundhedssystemet. I denne artikel spørger jeg derfor: Oplever borgere med dårligt helbred eller dårligt psykisk velbefindende øgede efterlevelsesomkostninger, når de besøger deres læge? Spørgsmålet undersøges med udgangspunkt i den danske del af The European Quality of Life Survey, der er en spørgeskemaundersøgelse blandt et repræsentativt udsnit af 1.020 danskere. Resultaterne viser, at både dårligt helbred og dårligt psykisk velbefindende er forbundet med øgede oplevelser af efterlevelsesomkostninger. Der findes derimod ikke støtte til forventningen om, at personer, der både har dårligt helbred og dårligt psykisk velbefindende, oplever ekstra mange administrative byrder.
Jo større administrative byrder, desto mere bliver det, som myndighederne siger … Vi orker ikke andet. Eller?
Authors: Nielsen Helle Ørsted , Nielsen Vibeke Lehmann
Published: November 2024

Artiklen undersøger sammenhængen mellem borgernes opfattelse af administrative byrder og deres adfærd i interaktioner med offentlige myndigheder. Traditionelt forventes stor byrdeopfattelse at føre til passiv adfærd (flight). Artiklen argumenterer dog for, at byrder også kan fremkalde følelsesbaserede reaktioner som fight eller befriend. Undersøgelsen viser, at større byrdeopfattelse fører til mere fight-reaktion og mindre passivitet. Det er kun for ressourcestærke borgere, at stor byrdeopfattelse fører til passivitet. Det er dog værd at bemærke, at flere ressourcer generelt medfører mindre byrdeopfattelse. Så udover at fight er en mere sandsynlig reaktion på store opfattede administrative byrder end flight, så peger resultaterne på en social skævhed i byrdeopfattelse og adfærd.
“I was afraid of what I would face”: An analysis of citizens’ experiences of uncertainty in encounters with the social welfare system
Authors: Cecchini Mathilde
Published: November 2024

Citizens’ encounters with street-level bureaucracy often involve a certain degree of uncertainty, as citizens cannot know or predict precisely what will happen in the encounter. Research indicates that the experience of uncertainty can be uncomfortable and stressful for individuals, thus causing or constituting a psychological cost in the citizen’s interaction with the public sector. However, the literature on administrative burdens has only to a limited extent addressed citizens’ experience of uncertainty. The purpose of this article is to present a conceptual framework for exploring citizens’ experience of uncertainty and to examine its applicability in understanding citizens’ interactions with the social welfare system. The article is based on a qualitative study of welfare recipients’ encounters with the job center, utilizing a combination of narrative interviews, analysis of case records, and observation of meetings at the job center.
Administrative burdens on companies in public procurement
Authors: Petersen Ole Helby
Published: November 2024

In recent years, public administration research has focused heavily on administrative burdens in interactions between citizens and the state. This article contributes to the literature on administrative burdens by focusing on companies’ costs in public procurement. The article presents a framework for analyzing companies’ learning and compliance costs in public procurement processes and illustrates the framework’s applicability in two empirical studies of Danish companies’ costs of participating in public procurement. The analyses show that companies’ costs of preparing and submitting bids for public tenders make up a significant portion of the contracts’ value. The analyses further indicate that the burdens vary significantly, primarily depending on the public procurers’ design of the tender processes and to a lesser extent on the companies’ administrative resources. Finally, the article discusses how public procurers can use these insights to reduce companies’ administrative burdens in public procurement processes.
Editoriale. La produzione culturale in una società multiculturale: agenti sociali, pratiche e linguaggi
Authors: De Benedittis Mario
Published: November 2024

In the last ten years, studies on cultural production have dramatically increased in number and in the variety of issues embraced. The focus on production instead of consumption gives more opportunities to study the intertwined processes involving institutions, discourses, media, social agents, material culture and practices. This editorial introduces briefly the essays presented in this issue, which includes contributions analysing the cultural construction of a neighbourhood and the relative feeling of belonging, the cultural construction of the category of ‘music festival’ and the relative practices, a study on Italian radio dramas, and two essays focusing on as many specific fields of cultural production – literature and the arts. The distinctive quality of this monographic issue of LCM lies in its multidisciplinary approach and in the complementarity of the articles it features.
Anti-inflammatory Potential of Some 4-aminopyridine's Peptide Derivatives – in Vivo and in Vitro Evaluation
Authors: Dimova Tanya , Rashev Pavel , Manchev Stefan , Vezenkov Lyubomir , Tsekova Daniela
Published: November 2024

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, characterized by inflammatory demyelination and neurodegeneration. Fampyridine (4-aminopyridine, 4-AP) is a drug used for MS treatment as it readily passes through the blood-brain barrier exhibiting anti-inflammatory effects. Its high toxicity, however, limits its wider application. To reduce 4-AP high toxicity, we have designed new peptides-containing 4-AP derivatives showing about 150 times lower toxicity than 4-AP. This work aims to investigate the cytotoxicity and in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of three newly synthesized peptide derivatives of 4-AP, defined as substances A, B, and C. In addition, their inhibitory potential against MMP-2 and -9 proteolytic activity was evaluated as well. To study the anti-inflammatory effect of the 4-AP-derivatives we used a rat model for immune complex-induced inflammation. In vitro cytotoxicity test was performed on WEHI-164 cells. Inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9 and -2) proteolytic activity was assessed by gelatinase zymography and densitometric analysis. Our results showed that treatment with the 4-AP derivatives kept cells viable and metabolically active showing no cytotoxicity. Substances A and C inhibited the proteolytic activity of both isoforms of MMP-2 and -9 even when applied in the lowest concentration, whereas substance B had no inhibitory effect on the MMP-9 activity and inhibited MMP-2 activity only applied at higher concentrations. Along with its inhibitory effect on the MMP-2 and -9 proteolytic activity, substance A demonstrated a clear anti-inflammatory effect either preventing or inhibiting the production of antibodies in the blood circulation of rats. Substance A might be very promising as a drug molecule.
Influence of Heat Input on Formation of Layers in WAAM
Authors: Tongov Manahil , Petkov Vladimir , Tashev Plamen
Published: November 2024

Experiments are carried out on WAAM using solid wire grade G3Si1 as additive material. The layers are deposited with single beads. Metallographic macro sections are made from the obtained samples and are used to determine the geometric dimensions of the layers, i.e. width, height and lateral waviness. The correlation coefficients between the heat input and the geometrical dimensions of the obtained layers are determined and their significance is proved according to the student’s distribution. Based on the correlation coefficients, the coefficients of determination are calculated. It is proved that over 90% of the changes in the layer's width and over 76% of the changes in the layer's height are due to changes in the heat input. The analysis of the obtained results shows that the heat input is determining for the geometric dimensions of the layers and the lateral waviness can be decreased by increasing the travel speed.
Microbiological and Molecular Methods for Rapid Diagnosis in Systemic Mycoses
Authors: Boyanova Lubomira
Published: November 2024

The most frequently employed methodologies for molecular, antigenic, and antibody detection in body fluids (serum, plasma, bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL)) are enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA-Platelia), indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), latex agglutination, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR, real-time PCR). Additionally, the examination of clinical materials from a target site may contribute to the identification of medically significant fungi.
The objective of this study was to present the principal laboratory diagnostic methods for the detection of the most prevalent causative agents of invasive fungal diseases, including Candidosis, Aspergillosis, and Cryptococcosis.
More than 200 clinical serum samples were examined serologically from 2018 to 2022 in the National Reference Laboratory “Mycoses” at the National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases in Sofia. Additionally, 20 whole blood samples were analyzed by real-time PCR. Twenty-four clinical samples, including sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), were examined culturally on Saburo agar. A total of 10 strains of Candida spp. and 9 strains of Aspergillus spp. were isolated. The antifungal sensitivity of the isolated strains was tested against the most commonly used antifungals, including fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, nystatin, isavuconazole, caspofungin, anidulafungin, and posaconazole.
Three tests for Candida spp. and one for Cryptococcus spp. were positive by latex agglutination. By indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) in 56 examined sera, antibodies were found in seven samples for Candida spp. with a titer greater than 1:160, and 54 samples were positive for antibodies to Aspergillus spp. out of 182 examined serum samples.
A total of 25 serum samples were examined using the ELISA-Platelia test for the detection of Aspergillus antigen. Of these, five samples were found to be positive.
A further 20 samples were tested using real-time PCR to detect the presence of DNA from the most frequently isolated fungal strains from blood cultures. These included Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida parapsilosis, Aspergillus fumigatus and Cryptococcus neoformans. Of the over 200 serum samples tested for the presence of fungi, only a small number yielded positive results. Similarly, testing 20 tubes of whole blood yielded negative results for the presence of fungi using real-time PCR.
The application of microbiological and molecular methods for the rapid diagnosis of systemic mycoses represents a practical approach for routine use in microbiological laboratories.
Mid-term Results after Arthroscopic Treatment of High-grade Osteochondral Talar Lesions with Platelet-rich Fibrin (PRF)
Authors: Dimitrov Nikolay , Kehayov Raycho , Tsenkov Tsvetan
Published: November 2024

Arthroscopic treatment of high-grade osteochondral lesions of the talus is usually limited to retrograde drilling. Salvage options after failed marrow stimulation include osteochondral grafting. The biological potential of platelet-rich products is an opportunity to take a different path in impacting the course of these lesions.
There is limited evidence regarding platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) application in severe osteochondral talar lesions. The aim of this study was to present mid-term results after arthroscopic application of PRF in patients with high-grade talar lesions.
This is a retrospective study of 15 patients with osteochondral talar lesions. Ferkel and Sgaglione CT staging system as well as Berndt and Harty Radiographic Classification were utilized. Inclusion criteria was only stage IV lesions. The mean age was 34.2 years (SD: 5.2). Fifty-three percent of the patients (n = 8) were female. The Body Mass Index (BMI) ranged from 19 to 35. Mean BMI was 27 (SD: 4.4). The mean follow-up was 38.8 months (range, 35–42). The study was conducted in a single institution. All surgeries were performed by a single senior surgeon utilizing the same arthroscopic algorithm with PRF application. The Visual analogue scale (VAS), the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Score (AOFAS), as well as complications rate were recorded.
Preoperative mean AOFAS score of 52.8 was converted to a mean score of 84.9 (p < 0.05). The mean VAS score ranged from 44.9 preoperatively to a 16.5 postoperative result (p < 0.05). Complications rate was 6.6% with one transient superficial infection.
Arthroscopic PRF application in high-grade osteochondral talar lesions showed good to excellent postoperative results, as well as a safe profile with low complications rate. Nevertheless confounding factors such as the lack of control group and the limited number of patients do exsist. More evidence is needed to acknowledge the findings of this study.
Moments and asymptotic expansion of derangement polynomials in terms of Touchard polynomials
Authors: Ghorbani Mohammad , Hassani Mehdi , Moshtagh Hossein
Published: November 2024

In this paper we study the polynomial $\D_n(x)=n!\sum_{j=0}^n x^j/j!$, which is a variant of derangement polynomials. First we obtain an asymptotic expansion for $\D_n(x)$ with coefficients in terms of Touchard polynomials. Then, we compute the moments $\sum_{n=0}^\infty(\e^xn!-\D_n(x))^k$ for any integer $k\geqslant 1$ and any real $x\in[0,1)$.
From failing forward to thriving: how entrepreneurial learning shapes ecosystems
Authors: Andrade Roberta Dutra de , Dinis Anabela do Rosário Leitão , Pontes Emiliano Sousa , Antenor Gisele Aparecida Chaves , Oliveira Carlos Italo de
Published: November 2024

Based on entrepreneurial cognition and experiential learning theories, this article explores the complexities of entrepreneurial learning from business failure and its reflections on the entrepreneurial ecosystem. Qualitative research was conducted through individual in-depth interviews and focus groups, and the data was subjected to content analysis using NVivo software. The data analysed relates the nature of the failure to their reflections on entrepreneurial learning and the most relevant content used in the entrepreneur's resurgence. It analysed how the entrepreneurial ecosystem absorbs and recycles learning from failure, impacting the creation of new businesses. This study explored themes from emerging economies based on the triangulation of data from startups from different sectors and levels of maturity from the perspective of founding partners, directors, employees and managers of incubators and accelerators. The results show that learning from a critical event profoundly impacts the performance of entrepreneurial ecosystems and influences their vocation and the adhesion of new ventures to the sectors analysed. In practical terms, the findings can support policymakers in identifying factors that can be leveraged to bring about change at a macro level, identifying appropriate incentives for social networks and sharing experiential knowledge. The study provides evidence that microlearning strategies adopted and developed after critical events impact the performance of the entrepreneurial ecosystem related to the creation and diffusion of new ventures.
Monitoring and management of electrostatic wristbands using dashboard
Authors: De Freitas Wellison Dias , Vieira Junior Milton
Published: November 2024

Static electricity can cause significant damage to sensitive electronic components, leading to failures and financial losses. The aim of the study was to establish control methods for the operation of antistatic wristbands using Wi-Fi communication and IoT. The research was characterized as applied and qualitative, with an exploratory approach and an action research method. Data collection was carried out through monitoring forms, involving workers on production lines who use antistatic wristbands. The implementation of the monitoring system aimed to replace manual control with an automated solution, which uses a transmitter box to send data to a central dashboard, accessible via tablet. The installation of the equipment included the configuration of the antistatic wristbands, transmitter boxes and the monitoring system. Preliminary tests ensured connectivity and real-time data transmission. The functionality of the system was validated through tests with RFID and sensors, confirming the effectiveness of continuous monitoring of the wristbands and the ability to detect problems in real time. It is concluded that the system was compared with the previous manual monitoring, showing a significant improvement, with 100% coverage and real-time monitoring, eliminating the need for manual verification and increasing safety and accuracy.
Uma análise das disciplinas de sustentabilidade nos cursos de graduação em administração pública do PNAP
Authors: Litwak Janaina Gomes , Cavalcanti Marília Bezerra de Holanda , Galvão Nádia Rodrigues Gomes do Nascimento , Schoenenberg Renata Pinto , Quevedo Andressa Pacífico Franco , Paulo Felipe Luiz Lima de
Published: November 2024

As Instituições Públicas de Ensino Superior (IPES), ao atuarem como propagadoras do ensino, pesquisa e extensão, assumem um papel importantíssimo na disseminação da sustentabilidade, seja internamente, seja envolvendo toda a comunidade. Dessa forma, o presente estudo objetiva analisar, a partir da utilização da abordagem qualitativa, a adesão, e as semelhanças e diferenças das disciplinas sobre sustentabilidade nos currículos dos cursos de Graduação em Administração Pública de Instituições públicas de ensino superior nordestinas vinculadas ao Programa de Nacional de Formação em Administração Pública - PNAP. Como resultado, constatou-se que as IPES analisadas apresentam a disciplina obrigatória de Gestão Ambiental e Sustentabilidade em sua matriz curricular, bem como a maioria das ementas com assuntos bem similares à proposta na matriz curricular do Projeto Pedagógico do PNAP.
AQUATIC ECOTOXICOLOGY: FINDING A BALANCE BETWEEN NECESSARY AND POSSIBLE
Authors: Filenko O. F.
Published: November 2024

The article describes the history of the formation of the science of aquatic ecotoxicology, new ideas about clean water, biological norm and pathology, toxicity criteria, and standardization.
Construction of Attitude Scale towards Choice Based Credit System (CBCS)
Authors: Mollick Saiyab
Published: November 2024

The academic reform necessarily includes changes in admission procedures in various courses, modification in assessment and examination methods. Now education evaluation system has entered into semester based system to introduce Choice Based credit System known as well as CBCS. This study aims to explore the quality of each item of attitude related to choice based credit system (CBCS). Purpose sampling technique has been used for the collection of relevant data in this study. A self-made structured questionnaire was drafted for this study to a group of undergraduate students. After review of previous paper and article, thirty two (32) items has been selected under the different type dimensions i.e., Curriculum and Subject Selection, Evaluation and Feedback, Students Interest, Skill and Development, and Time, in the item pool for this attitude scale. Likert summative five (5) point rating scale was used in this scale/tool. After item analysis, it was found that in the attitude scale six (6) items were eliminated from this tool/scale on the basis on Discrimination Index (DI). The final form of attitude scale twenty six (26) items respectively consider for this scale. Pearson’s product-moment coefficient (r) was used to determine the reliability of the test items. The coefficient of correlation of two tests of attitude scale were found as 0.89 i.e. highly positive correlation. Finally, every effective item was selected for this questionnaire that can be assessing students’ attitude towards choice based credit system successfully. That is significantly reliable.
Classroom Leadership Behavior and Teacher Professionalism Development in Public Elementary Schools
Authors: Pana Arlen P. , Baguio Josephine B.
Published: November 2024

The study aimed to determine the level of teachers' leadership behavior and teacher professionalism. It utilized a non-experimental quantitative research design, specifically employing a correlational method. The study involved 188 respondents, comprising 136 teachers from various public schools. Based on the findings, the following conclusions were drawn: the level of teachers' leadership behavior was found to be high, indicating that leadership behaviors are clearly exhibited by the teachers. Similarly, the level of teacher professionalism was also high, demonstrating that the teachers consistently demonstrate professionalism in their roles. The null hypothesis, which posited that there is no significant relationship between teachers' leadership behavior and teacher professionalism, was rejected. This suggests that there is a positive correlation between teachers' leadership behavior and teacher professionalism, implying that effective leadership among teachers is associated with a high level of professionalism. Since teachers' leadership behavior and professionalism are significantly related, it is recommended that policymakers and human resource managers consider these variables when formulating policies, designing training programs, and organizing seminars aimed at enhancing the professionalism of teachers. Additionally, teachers may be encouraged to actively participate in school programs, training sessions, and other activities that foster both their professional growth and social learning, further strengthening their leadership capabilities and commitment to professionalism.
Optimizing Acclimatization for Channa punctatus in Different Laboratory Environments
Authors: Choudhary D. N. , Azad P. K.
Published: November 2024

The present study was conducted to investigate the optimized acclimatization process of Channa punctatus, a freshwater air breathing fish in varying laboratory conditions, using four different tanks setups – glass bottom, sand bottom, sand-soil mix and mud bottom. The study aimed to identify the optimal condition for survival and adaptability. Observation also included mortality rates, changes in pigmentation and behavioral anomalies. Results indicated that tank with mud bottom provided the best environment for acclimatization, highest survival rates and least stress indicators. These findings offered a valuable insight for laboratory studies and conservation efforts involving Channa punctatus under controlled conditions.
Evaluation of Physiological Parameters and Growth Phenology in Rice Cultivars under Irrigated Conditions of Raipur Plain
Authors: Rajput Isha Singh , Katiyar Pratibha
Published: November 2024

An experiment was conducted to examine the physiological and growth parameters of various rice (Oryza sativa.L.) varieties under irrigated conditions in the Raipur plain during kharif season 2023-24. The research focused on key metrics including crop growth rate (CGR), absolute growth rate (AGR), net assimilate rate (NAR), and relative growth rate (RGR) to evaluate the performance of different rice varieties in this region. Results showed significant variation among the rice varieties in their growth and physiological responses. Varieties with higher CGR and AGR demonstrated superior biomass accumulation and overall growth performance. Those with    elevated NAR and RGR exhibited more efficient conversion of assimilates into plant  biomass, reflecting better productivity. The findings underscore the importance of selecting rice varieties based on their growth metrics and physiological efficiency under specific irrigated conditions.
Evaluation of the Efficacy of Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation Versus Conventional Methods in Endodontic Therapy Outcomes: A Scoping Review
Authors: Silva-Filho José Evando da , Magalhães-Saldanha Júlia , Carvalho Francisco Samuel Rodrigues , Gomes Fábio de Almeida , Gurgel-Filho Eduardo Diogo
Published: November 2024

Aims: To map clinical passive ultrasonic irrigation protocols and their significance, or lack thereof, in the clinical success of endodontic treatment.
Study Design: Scoping review.
Place and Duration of Study: Independent systematic paired searches were conducted across six databases (Cochrane Library, IEEE Xplore, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scielo, and the Virtual Health Library) in September 2024.
Methodology: The protocol for this study was registered in the Open Science Framework. Inclusion criteria encompassed randomised clinical trials, comparative in vivo and in vitro studies, and systematic reviews with or without meta-analysis. Studies were assessed for relevance and methodological quality. The risk of bias in clinical studies was evaluated using the Risk of Bias 2 tool in Review Manager 5.4.
Results: Out of 472 studies identified, 8 met the inclusion criteria. Among the 4 clinical studies, 2 demonstrated a moderate risk of bias, and 2 exhibited a high risk. Some studies reported that passive ultrasonic irrigation enhanced microbial reduction and debris removal; however, no significant differences in healing or clinical success were observed compared to conventional irrigation. In vitro studies suggested potential benefits in microbial control, but clinical evidence remained inconclusive due to limited sample sizes, short follow-up periods, and variations in protocols.
Conclusion: Current evidence does not support the routine use of passive ultrasonic irrigation to improve the clinical success of endodontic therapy. Further randomised clinical trials with larger sample sizes, extended follow-up durations, and standardised protocols are necessary to determine the true benefits of this technique in endodontic practice.
Integrated Approaches Proven Better Weed Control, Productivity and Quality in Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)
Authors: Patel Mohini V. , Hatti Veeresh , Jat J. R. , Patel C. K. , Singh Anuj Kumar , Kumar Vikash
Published: November 2024

A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2023 to study the efficacy of pre and early post-emergence herbicides for the management of weeds in blackgram. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with 12 treatments replicated thrice. The weed free treatment recorded significantly higher seed and stover yield (1077 and 2657 kg/ha, respectively). After weed free, significantly higher seed and stover yields (960 and 2258 kg/ha, respectively) were observed in interculturing followed by hand weedings at 20 and 40 DAS and was found at par with post-emergence application of imazethapyr + imazamox @ 50 (25 + 25) g/ha fbinterculturing at 40 DAS (932 and 2224 kg/ha, respectively) and imazethapyr + imazamox @ 60 (30 + 30) g/ha fb interculturing at 40 DAS (916 and 2169 kg/ha, respectively) due to better plant height, number of branches per plant due to better weed control in these treatments as evidenced by significantly lower weed dry weight of sedges, grasses, broad leaf weeds and total weeds at  15, 40 DAS and at harvest as compared to unweeded check. Whereas, significantly higher protein yield was observed in weed free (242.11 kg/ha) which was followed by interculturing followed by hand weedings at 20 and 40 DAS (214.46 kg/ha) and other treatments.
The River Ythan Navigation, Aberdeenshire
Authors: Redwood Stewart D
Published: November 2024

The River Ythan in Aberdeenshire is the only natural inland waterway in northern Scotland. It was navigable for about 10km from Newburgh, the port for Ellon since 1276, to the Meadow of Waterton, the landing place for Ellon. The peak of fluvial traffic was in the late 18th to early 20th centuries during the agricultural improvements for the import of manure fertiliser, bones, guano and coal, and the export of grain. Cargos were brought by coasters for 2.5km upriver to Newburgh where they were transhipped into lighters, which were sailed, poled or towed by a tug upriver to Meadow of Waterton. This article describes the harbour works, now largely demolished, by means of site inspections made from 1984 to 1986 and describes the history of this little-known example of fluvial transport, and the history of Newburgh as a coastal port. The Newburgh Quay at Culterty was built in 1842 by Mr Robert Black, a local shipowner, and is well preserved although the original buildings have been replaced by modern houses. The nearby Inches Pier was built by The Aberdeen Lime Company sometime between 1842 and 1866 on a small tidal islet. There was a long wooden pier to the low tide mark in the river channel, and a short causeway to the shore on the north side of the Foveran Burn. The pier was abandoned in c 1923 after the company’s coaster sank, and there are scant remains now. Docks were built at Meadow of Waterton probably in 1842 by Mitchell & Rae, agricultural and coal merchants, fertiliser manufacturers and shipowners (1840–1977). They consisted of two docks perpendicular to the river with warehouses. The East Dock was 30–49m long and 9m wide, and the West Dock was 61m long and 9m wide. The docks fell into disuse in 1924 and were infilled in the 1970s and 1980s, with no trace now. The upper navigation was closed in 1924, replaced by motor transport, while Newburgh continued to be used as a coastal port until 1968.
Richard Fawcett, OBE FSA FRSE HonFSAScot
Authors: Swarbrick Lizzie
Published: November 2024

Professor Richard Fawcett, architectural historian, died suddenly at his home in Kirkcaldy, Fife, at the age of 77. He is much missed by his wife Sue, his son Tim, and his daughter Claire, as well as by countless friends and colleagues.
Reconsidering the Forres cross-slab (Sueno’s Stone), part 2
Authors: Geddes Jane
Published: November 2024

Standing over 6.5m high, the Forres cross-slab (NJ 04655 59533), erroneously known as Sueno’s Stone, is Scotland’s tallest early medieval carved stone monument. One side features a cross and ‘inauguration’, the other is covered with multiple military scenes. A new carbon date from the 9th century, 3D photography and an accurate suite of new drawings allow the iconography of the stone to be examined in detail. This reveals the ‘inauguration’ as an adaptation of the biblical Arming of David. The episodic arrangement of battle is compared to verses of heroic poetry rather than accurate reportage. The sacrifice of horses beside headless corpses relates the encounter to Viking funeral practice. The conical structure is interpreted as the furnace of hell, destination for unbelievers. The cross form and other ornament relate clearly to a Pictish heritage but their composition looks forward to later sculpture evolving in the west and Isle of Man. Complementing archaeological and historical evidence, the cross-slab is understood as a mighty affirmation of Christian kingship and victory at a time of shifting power structures in north-east Scotland.
Prelims
Authors: - -
Published: November 2024

Front matter for Volume 153
Table of Contents
Director's note
List of abbreviations commonly used in the Proceedings
Editorial board for the Proceedings vol 153
Society's Council from 30 November 2023
Patron and Honorary Fellows of the Society
Laws of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland
Discrepancies between red cell phenotyping and genotyping for characterization of the Duffy blood system in blood donors in southern Brazil
Authors: Soares Scheila da Silva , Deconte Desireé , De Oliveira Tiago Bittencourt , Almeida Silvana , Fiegenbaum Marilu
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Genetic variants in the ACKR1 (FY) gene which encode Duffy red blood cell antigens, may result in weakened expression of antigens or null phenotype. Genetic variants are main reason that led to discrepancies between phenotype and genotype. Molecular methods are a tool for the limitations of hemagglutination assays. Objective: In this study, we investigated discrepant results between serology and molecular tests for the Duffy system in blood donors from a blood center in the northwest region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Methods: We studied 80 blood donor samples by serological method, real-time PCR, and gene sequencing. Results: Of these 80 samples phenotyped for Fya and Fyb antigens and genotyped for SNPs rs12075 (c.125G>A) and rs2814778 (c.-67T>C), 3 (3.75%) discordant samples were observed. Considering these results, the estimated kappa value for the genotype-phenotype agreement was 0.936 (95% CI 0.865-1.000).  We identified in one of the samples an SNP c.265C>T (rs34599082). We did not identify variants in the other two samples, one of them phenotyped as Fy(a+b-) and the other had phenotype Fy(a-b+) both were genotyped as FY*A/FY*B genotype respectively, these samples should express the Fyb and Fya antigens. Conclusion: Genotyping of SNPs rs12075 and rs2814778 were concordant and showed that genotyping, as well as phenotyping, is essential to ensure 100% accuracy for Duffy blood group assignments. Sequencing is an important tool for resolving phenotype/genotype conflicts that identify alleles that carry mutations that lead to weak expression or silencers and also the identification of new variants.
CONSUMO E IDENTIDADES DE TRABALHADORAS RURAIS POMERANAS E QUILOMBOLAS DO SUL DO BRASIL
Authors: Schmalfuss Borges Gabriela , Mayora Ronsini Veneza
Published: November 2024

O artigo refere-se a um estudo qualitativo de recepção midiática, realizado junto a trabalhadoras rurais de origem pomerana e quilombola, moradoras de São Lourenço do Sul/RS entre 2021 e 2023 (Borges, 2023). O objetivo geral da pesquisa foi interpretar qual é a imagem que esse grupo de mulheres tem do que é uma mulher rural e qual o impacto da representação construída a partir das mídias televisivas e da internet na autorrepresentação mediada pela sociabilidade, identidade e pelas redes delas como trabalhadoras rurais. O trabalho foi realizado unindo a metodologia de Retratos Sociológicos (Lahire, 2004) à teoria dos usos sociais da mídia, de Jesús Martín-Barbero (1997, 2018).
O VIÉS ANTROPOMÓRFICO: INTERFACES DO ESPECISMO NA UTILIZAÇÃO DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL EM ANIMAIS NÃO-HUMANOS E A EMERGÊNCIA DA ÉTICA ALGORITMICA PAUTADA NA EXPERIÊNCIA DO DIREITO ANIMAL
Authors: Silva Fernanda Viero da , Fornasier Mateus de Oliveira
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo visa investigar o caráter antropocêntrico humano no que tange a atuação da Inteligência Artificial (IA) em animais não-humanos e avaliar a emergência de uma ética algorítmica voltada a estes. Partimos do seguinte problema: como o viés antropomórfico influencia a implementação da IA em animais não-humanos e de que forma a ética algorítmica pode ser desenvolvida e aplicada para mitigar o especismo, considerando a experiência e os princípios do Direito Animal? Partimos da hipótese de que os valores humanos majoritariamente são especistas, então a IA reproduzirá tais entendimentos e em que pese a IA seja apresentada como ferramenta emancipadora ela ainda opera visando objetivos benéficos para humanos. Os objetivos específicos são três: a) compreender o atual status jurídico dos animais não-humanos e a terminologia da “senciencia”; b) avaliar de quais maneiras a IA impacta contemporaneamente os animais não-humanos; e, c) vislumbrar qual o fator ideológico que oblitera tais processos e perspectivas éticas. Termina confirmando a hipótese. Por fim, a presente pesquisa surgiu a partir da técnica de investigação teórica, seu método procedimental e de abordagem são qualitativos. Se trata de uma pesquisa do tipo exploratória a partir da técnica bibliográfica-documental. A metodologia desenvolvida logo, é a hipotético-dedutiva.
From the imperial household to the state: The establishment of the protection concept of intangible cultural property (part 1)
Authors: Osajima Daigo , Manabe Sayumi
Published: June 2019

Before World War II (WWII), the Imperial Household of Japan played an important role in the protection of intangible cultural properties, for example, by granting subsidies to traditional artists, and employing performers of the classical arts and rituals. Therefore, in this article, while focusing on the changes that the Imperial Household went through following the end of the war, we analyze the process of the intangible property protection system that shifted from the protection of the Imperial Household before WWII to the legal protection of the state after WWII, following a decision by the Diet.
Early second‐line therapy is associated with improved episodic memory in anti‐NMDA receptor encephalitis
Authors: Wang Kang , Chen Zhongqin , Wu Dengchang , Ding Qiuping , Zheng Xuning , Wang Jianwen , Ji Caihong , Luo Benyan
Published: June 2019

Objective

To investigate whether the early administration of intravenous second‐line immunotherapy correlates with improved long‐term cognition and the potential mechanisms via imaging in adult patients with moderate‐to‐severe anti‐N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis.

Methods

Sixteen adult patients with moderate‐to‐severe anti‐NMDA receptor encephalitis past the acute stage and 15 healthy controls (HCs) performed a set of comprehensive neuropsychological tests, and underwent a resting‐state fMRI study to analyze resting state functional connectivity (FC). In addition, correlation analyses were performed between hippocampal FC and cognitive performance. All patients were received intravenous first‐line immunotherapy, and nine of them were also given intravenous second‐line immunotherapy within 3 months of disease onset.

Results

The patients who only received first‐line immunotherapy showed significant verbal episodic memory impairments compared with HCs and those who received second‐line immunotherapy, while no significant differences were noted between the patients with second‐line immunotherapy and the HCs. In line with the results of neuropsychological tests, significant changes in bilateral hippocampal FC were observed in the patients who only received first‐line immunotherapy compared with both HCs and those who received second‐line immunotherapy. However, no significant differences in hippocampal FC were observed in the patients with second‐line immunotherapy compared with the HCs. Importantly, hippocampal‐medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) connectivity positively correlated with memory performance.

Interpretation

In the long term, early administration of intravenous second‐line immunotherapy may be associated with more favorable verbal episodic memory outcomes in patients with moderate‐to‐severe anti‐NMDA receptor encephalitis. These results may provide some evidence and guidance for the use of immunotherapy in this population.
Boosting Sodium Storage in TiF3/Carbon Core/Sheath Nanofibers through an Efficient Mixed‐Conducting Network
Authors: Zhang Yan , Srot Vesna , Moudrakovski Igor , Feng Yuezhan , van Aken Peter A. , Maier Joachim , Yu Yan
Published: June 2019

Sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) are considered to be promising energy storage devices for large‐scale grid storage application due to the vast earth‐abundance and low cost of sodium‐containing precursors. Designing and fabricating a highly efficient anode is one of the keys to improve the electrochemical performance of SIBs. Recently, fluoride‐based materials are found to show an exceptional anode function with high theoretical specific capacity, based on open‐framework structure enabling Na insertion and also exhibiting improved safety. However, fluoride‐based materials suffer from sluggish kinetics and poor capacity retention essentially due to low electric conductivity. Here, an efficient mixed‐conducting network offering fast pathways is proposed to address these issues. This network relies on titanium fluoride⊂carbon (TiF3⊂C) core/sheath nanofibers that are prepared via electrospinning. Such highly interconnected electrodes exhibit an enhanced and faster sodium storage performance. Carbon sheath nanofibers are key to an efficient ion‐ and electron‐conducting network that enable Na+/e− transfer to reach the nanosized TiF3. In addition, in‐situ‐converted Ti and NaF particles embedded in the carbon matrix allow high reversible interfacial storage. As a result, the TiF3⊂C core/sheath electrode exhibits a high capacity of 161 mAh g−1 at a high current density of 1000 mA g−1 over 2000 cycles.
Die zweigesichtige Natur der Wasserstoffbrückenbindung in hydroxylfunktionalisierten ionischen Flüssigkeiten, offenbart durch Neutronendiffraktometrie und Molekulardynamik‐Simulation
Authors: Niemann Thomas , Neumann Jan , Stange Peter , Gärtner Sabrina , Youngs Tristan G. A. , Paschek Dietmar , Warr Gregory G. , Atkin Rob , Ludwig Ralf
Published: June 2019

Wir charakterisieren Wasserstoffbrückenbindungen in hydroxyfunktionalisierten ionischen Flüssigkeiten mittels Neutronendiffraktometrie isotopensubstituierter Proben (NDIS), Molekulardynamik‐Simulationen (MD) und quantenchemischen Berechnungen. NDIS‐Daten werden mithilfe der “empirical potential structure refinement”‐Technik (EPSR) angepasst, um die H⋅⋅⋅O‐ und O⋅⋅⋅O‐Paarverteilungsfunktionen für Wasserstoffbrücken zwischen Ionen entgegengesetzter und gleicher Ladung zu ermitteln. Trotz der abstoßenden Coulomb‐Kräfte ist die Kation‐Kation‐Wechselwirkung stärker als die Kation‐Anion‐Wechselwirkung. Wir vergleichen zudem die Bindungsgeometrien der beiden “doppelt geladenen” Wasserstoffbrücken mit denen molekularer Flüssigkeiten wie Wasser und Alkohole. Die verwendeten Methoden offenbaren das subtile Gleichgewicht zwischen den beiden Arten der Wasserstoffbrücken: Die geringe Übergangsenthalpie legt nahe, dass die schwer vorstellbare Anziehungskraft zwischen gleich geladenen Ionen der konventionellen Ionenpaarbildung nahezu konkurrenzfähig ist.
Synergistic effect of graphene and carbon nanotube on lap shear strength and electrical conductivity of epoxy adhesives
Authors: Han Sensen , Meng Qingshi , Pan Xiao , Liu Tianqing , Zhang Shuocheng , Wang Yingbo , Haridy Salah , Araby Sherif
Published: June 2019

In this study, synergy between graphene platelets (GnPs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in improving lap shear strength and electrical conductivity of epoxy composite adhesives is demonstrated. Adding two‐dimensional GnPs with one‐dimensional CNTs into epoxy matrix helped to form global three‐dimensional network of both GnPs and CNTs, which provide large contact surface area between the fillers and the matrix. This has been evidenced by comparing the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of epoxy/GnP, epoxy/CNT, and epoxy/GnP‐CNT composites. Scanning electron microscopic images of lap shear fracture surfaces of the composite adhesives showed that GnP‐CNT hybrid nanofillers demonstrated better interaction to the epoxy matrix than individual GnP and CNT. The lap shear strength of epoxy/GnP‐CNT composite adhesive was 89% higher than that of the neat epoxy adhesive, compared with only 44 and 30% increase in the case of epoxy/GnP and epoxy/CNT composite adhesives, respectively. Electrical percolation threshold of epoxy/GnP‐CNT composite adhesive is recorded at 0.41 vol %, which is lower than epoxy/GnP composite adhesive (0.58 vol %) and epoxy/CNT composite adhesive (0.53 vol %), respectively. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 48056.
New microsatellites for the Atacama Desert endemic Balsamocarpon brevifolium (Fabaceae)
Authors: Ravest Gonzalo , León‐Lobos Pedro , Aguirre Carlos , Hernández José , Bolados Gustavo , Castro María Herminia , Silva Sergio , Hinrichsen Patricio
Published: June 2019

Premise

Algarrobilla (Balsamocarpon brevifolium, Fabaceae) is an endemic xerophytic shrub restricted to the Atacama Desert in northern Chile. Extensive utilization of the region for coal production has endangered this species. Conservation efforts are underway, with genetic diversity analyses being key to the restoration of these populations.

Methods and Results

Fifteen new microsatellite markers were developed for B. brevifolium and used to analyze three populations from the Atacama and Coquimbo regions in Chile. Microsatellites were highly polymorphic, with an average of 5.77 alleles per marker and an average level of expected heterozygosity of 0.72. These markers were evaluated and cross‐amplified on two related species (Senna cumingii and Caesalpinia angulata) with partial success.

Conclusions

The development of this set of markers permits an extensive study of B. brevifolium populations for conservation purposes.