bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Individualistic evolutionary responses of Central African rain forest plants to Pleistocene climatic fluctuations
Authors: Helmstetter Andrew J. , Béthune Kevin , Kamdem Narcisse G. , Sonké Bonaventure , Couvreur Thomas L. P.
Published: December 2020

Significance

Understanding species’ evolutionary responses to past climate change is fundamental for improved biodiversity conservation. Species in the same area could exhibit either similar or individualistic evolutionary responses. We tested this hypothesis within the highly biodiverse tropical rain forests of Central Africa. We generated an unparalleled genomic dataset to estimate the evolutionary dynamics of a range of codistributed plant species. We reveal variable, asynchronous, individualistic evolutionary responses driven by different environmental factors and life-history traits. Our results challenge the long-standing view that past climate change led to similar rain forest dynamics within this region. Our study has important implications for the conservation of tropical rain forest biodiversity in general, and in Central Africa in particular.
Anatomical correlates of face patches in macaque inferotemporal cortex
Authors: Arcaro Michael J. , Mautz Theodora , Berezovskii Vladimir K. , Livingstone Margaret S.
Published: December 2020

Significance

This study reports the discovery that buried gyral folds along the superior temporal sulcus in macaque lateral temporal cortex predict the locations of regions selectively responsive to faces. These findings demonstrate a link between cortical topology and the functional organization of higher-order visual cortex in macaques. We show that these anatomical landmarks are established prenatally and are likely the result of general developmental mechanisms such as molecular signaling gradients, topographic maps, and the formation of cortical areas. These folds are found across primate species. Identification of such anatomical landmarks may provide insight into evolutionary changes in the functional organization of high-level visual cortex.
Complex subsurface hydrothermal fluid mixing at a submarine arc volcano supports distinct and highly diverse microbial communities
Authors: Reysenbach Anna-Louise , St. John Emily , Meneghin Jennifer , Flores Gilberto E. , Podar Mircea , Dombrowski Nina , Spang Anja , L’Haridon Stephane , Humphris Susan E. , de Ronde Cornel E. J. , Caratori Tontini Fabio , Tivey Maurice , Stucker Valerie K. , Stewart Lucy C. , Diehl Alexander , Bach Wolfgang
Published: December 2020

Significance

Much of Earth’s volcanism occurs in the deep sea, yet little is known about the microbial communities inhabiting such extreme and dynamic systems. Using a multidisciplinary approach to study distinct hydrothermal systems at Brothers submarine arc volcano, we provide insights into how microbial community composition and function reflect subtly different fluid chemistries resulting from subsurface fluid interactions with distinct alteration mineral assemblages. These variations can be traced to the subsurface hydrogeologic history beneath Brothers volcano. Further, we show that these systems represent oases of phylogenetically diverse Archaea and Bacteria. Our findings highlight the importance of geologic legacy in understanding drivers of microbial diversity, assembly, and evolution and may have insights into processes that drove early diversification of life on Earth.
Striking heterogeneity of somatic L1 retrotransposition in single normal and cancerous gastrointestinal cells
Authors: Yamaguchi Katsumi , Soares Alisha O. , Goff Loyal A. , Talasila Anjali , Choi Jungbin A. , Ivenitsky Daria , Karma Sadik , Brophy Benjamin , Devine Scott E. , Meltzer Stephen J. , Kazazian Haig H.
Published: December 2020

Significance

Using a modified method, we analyzed single cells from adenocarcinomas of the colon, pancreas, and stomach and their paired normal tissues for somatic LINE-1 retrotransposition events. We found that somatic retrotransposition varied significantly from patient to patient with cancers of the same type, as well as in different cells within a particular cancer.
Making waves: A proposed new role for myosin-binding protein C in regulating oscillatory contractions in vertebrate striated muscle
Authors: Harris Samantha P.
Published: December 2020

Myosin-binding protein C (MyBP-C) is a critical regulator of muscle performance that was first identified through its strong binding interactions with myosin, the force-generating protein of muscle. Almost simultaneously with its discovery, MyBP-C was soon found to bind to actin, the physiological catalyst for myosin’s activity. However, the two observations posed an apparent paradox, in part because interactions of MyBP-C with myosin were on the thick filament, whereas MyBP-C interactions with actin were on the thin filament. Despite the intervening decades since these initial discoveries, it is only recently that the dual binding modes of MyBP-C are becoming reconciled in models that place MyBP-C at a central position between actin and myosin, where MyBP-C alternately stabilizes a newly discovered super-relaxed state (SRX) of myosin on thick filaments in resting muscle and then prolongs the “on” state of actin on thin filaments in active muscle. Recognition of these dual, alternating functions of MyBP-C reveals how it is central to the regulation of both muscle contraction and relaxation. The purpose of this Viewpoint is to briefly summarize the roles of MyBP-C in binding to myosin and actin and then to highlight a possible new role for MyBP-C in inducing and damping oscillatory waves of contraction and relaxation. Because the contractile waves bear similarity to cycles of contraction and relaxation in insect flight muscles, which evolved for fast, energetically efficient contraction, the ability of MyBP-C to damp so-called spontaneous oscillatory contractions (SPOCs) has broad implications for previously unrecognized regulatory mechanisms in vertebrate striated muscle. While the molecular mechanisms by which MyBP-C can function as a wave maker or a wave breaker are just beginning to be explored, it is likely that MyBP-C dual interactions with both myosin and actin will continue to be important for understanding the new functions of this enigmatic protein.
Cell stiffness under small and large deformations measured by optical tweezers and atomic force microscopy: effects of actin disruptors CK-869 and jasplakinolide
Authors: Jokhadar Špela Zemljič , Iturri Jagoba , Toca-Herrera José Luis , Derganc Jure
Published: December 2020

Cytoskeleton-disrupting drugs can have different effects on cell mechanics at different deformation scales. We therefore applied two complementary indentation techniques to study the effects of two actin-disrupting drugs on cellular stiffness of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Optical tweezers were used to probe the cortical stiffness at small deformations, and atomic force microscopy was used to probe the bulk cell stiffness at larger deformations. The first drug studied was CK-869, which is an inhibitor of the actin branching complex Arp2/3, and has not been analysed yet in terms of mechanical effects. A significant decrease in cell stiffness upon treatment with CK-869 was measured with both techniques, which implies that actin branching is important for cell mechanics at small and large deformations. The second drug studied was jasplakinolide, for which ambiguous effects on cell mechanics have been reported. In line with previous studies, we found that jasplakinolide caused significant cell stiffening at large deformations but slight cell softening under small deformations. This result implies that jasplakinolide has different effects on different levels of actin organization.
Electronic and topological properties of group-10 transition metal dichalcogenides
Authors: Hooda M K , Yadav C S , Samal D
Published: December 2020

The group 10 transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) (MX
2: M = Ni, Pd, Pt; X = S, Se, Te) have attracted much attention in the last few decades because of observation of exotic phases and phenomena such as superconductivity (SC), topological surface states (TSSs), type II Dirac fermions, helical spin texture, Rashba effect, 3D Dirac plasmons, metal–insulator transitions, charge density waves (CDW) etc. In this review, we cover the experimental and theoretical progress on the physical phenomena influenced by the strong electron–electron correlation of the group-10 TMDs from the past to the present. We have especially emphasized on the SC and topological phases in the bulk as well as in atomically thin materials.
Simplified calibration process and uncertainty assessment for sampling large numbers of single-use thermistors for upper-air temperature measurement
Authors: Yang Inseok , Kim Sunghun , Lee Young Hee , Kim Yong-Gyoo
Published: December 2020

Thermistors for upper-air temperature measurement are commonly used only once in radiosonde sounding. Considering that large numbers of thermistors are used for networks of measurements and that the thermistors are cheap, the calibration of individual thermistors at several calibration points is considered impractical. In this work, due to economic considerations, a method in which a subset of thermistors are selected for calibration was devised, and the uncertainty attributed to the sampling process was assessed. After having calibrated 32 thermistors at full calibration points between –70 °C and 40 °C, we demonstrated a simplified process and uncertainty assessment that involve sampling of only a few thermistors for the full calibration. From the average temperature deviation

δ
T

‾

and the standard deviation s of

δ
T

‾

for the five sampled thermistors expressed in terms of the temperature differences and their dispersion, the expanded interval (

δ
T

‾

−5s,

δ
T

‾

+ 5s) can include more than 95% of the thermistors with a level of confidence of 95%. From a simple simulation, assuming that the characteristics of thermistors from the same batch are normally distributed, the coverage factor to be multiplied by the sample standard deviation can be calculated for different sample sizes, target fractions of thermistors to be covered, and levels of confidence. This technique can be extended to efficiently calibrate a large number of single-use sensors from the same batch, and it can be an economical solution for finding a balance between accuracy and efficiency in such cases.
Verifying the band gap narrowing in tensile strained Ge nanowires by electrical means
Authors: Bartmann M G , Sistani M , Glassner S , Salem B , Baron T , Gentile P , Smoliner J , Lugstein A
Published: December 2020

Group-IV based light sources are one of the missing links towards fully CMOS compatible photonic circuits. Combining both silicon process compatibility and a pseudo-direct band gap, germanium is one of the most viable candidates. To overcome the limitation of the indirect band gap and turning germanium in an efficient light emitting material, the application of strain has been proven as a promising approach. So far the experimental verification of strain induced bandgap modifications were based on optical measurements and restricted to moderate strain levels. In this work, we demonstrate a methodology enabling to apply tunable tensile strain to intrinsic germanium

111

nanowires and simultaneously perform in situ optical as well as electrical characterization. Combining I/V measurements and μ-Raman spectroscopy at various strain levels, we determined a decrease of the resistivity by almost three orders of magnitude for strain levels of ∼5%. Thereof, we calculated the strain induced band gap narrowing in remarkable accordance to recently published simulation results for moderate strain levels up to 3.6%. Deviations for ultrahigh strain values are discussed with respect to surface reconfiguration and reduced charge carrier scattering time.
Hydrophobic surface-assisted SiO2/DI-water nanofluids for enhancing heat transfer and reducing flow resistance
Authors: Gao Dongdong , Bai Minli , Hu Chengzhi , Lv Jizu , Gao Linsong , Li Yang , Zhang Xue
Published: December 2020

Nanofluids for heat transfer application suffer from inevitable pump power consumption and adhesion effect with interface during flow. The hydrophobic treatment for heat transfer surface may be one of the most prospective strategies to achieve heat transfer enhancement and flow resistance reduction. However, the limitations of hydrophobic treatment technique and process make it difficult to fabricate desirable large size and high curvature hydrophobic surface. Herein, a facile displacement reaction method is applied to prepare the lath-like silver crystals and micro-nano gaps in the inner surface of copper tube with assistance of benzoic acid dispersant. The result shows that the convective heat transfer coefficient increases to 18.1% and the Darcy friction factor decreases to 4.9% at the volume concentration of 2.0% when SiO2/DI-water (deionized water) nanofluids flow through the hydrophobic surface. The hydrophobic surface-assisted strategy may provide an effective scheme for wide applications of nanofluids in heat exchange equipment.
Novel rivaroxaban—loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/poloxamer nanoparticles: preparation, physicochemical characterization, in vitro evaluation of time-dependent anticoagulant activity and toxicological profile
Authors: Machado Monique Etnea , de Souza Furtado Priscila , da Costa Bernardes Araújo Cristina , Simon Alice , de Moraes Marcela Cristina , Rodrigues Pereira da Silva Luiz Cláudio , do Carmo Flávia Almada , Cabral Lucio Mendes , Sathler Plínio Cunha
Published: December 2020

Rivaroxaban (RXB), an oral direct factor Xa inhibitor, presents innovative therapeutic profile. However, RXB has shown adverse effects, mainly due to pharmacokinetic limitations, highlighting the importance of developing more effective formulations. Therefore, this work aims at the preparation, physicochemical characterization and in vitro evaluation of time-dependent anticoagulant activity and toxicology profile of RXB-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/poloxamer nanoparticles (RXBNps). RXBNp were produced by nanoprecipitation method and physicochemical characteristics were evaluated. In vitro analysis of time-dependent anticoagulant activity was performed by prothrombin time test and toxicological profile was assessed by hemolysis and MTT reduction assays. The developed RXBNp present spherical morphology with average diameter of 205.5 ± 16.95 nm (PdI 0.096 ± 0.04), negative zeta potential (−26.28 ± 0.77 mV), entrapment efficiency of 91.35 ± 2.40%, yield of 41.81 ± 1.68% and 3.72 ± 0.07% of drug loading. Drug release was characterized by an initial fast release followed by a sustained release with 28.34 ± 2.82% of RXB available in 72 h. RXBNp showed an expressive time-dependent anticoagulant activity in human and rat blood plasma and non-toxic profile. Based on the results presented, it is possible to consider that RXBNp may be able to assist in the development of promising new therapies for treatment of thrombotic disorders.
High performance ionic-liquid-gated air doped diamond field-effect transistors
Authors: Hsu Bo , Farid Sidra , Averion-Puttrich Joseph , Sumant Anirudha V , Stroscio Michael A , Dutta Mitra
Published: December 2020

We report successful fabrication of high performance ion-gated field-effect transistors (FETs) on hydrogenated diamond surface. Investigations on the hydrogen (H)-terminated diamond by Hall effect measurements shows Hall mobility as high as ∼200 cm2V−1s−1. In addition we demonstrate a rapid fabrication scheme for achieving stable high performance devices useful for determining optimal growth and fabrication conditions. We achieved H-termination using hydrogen plasma treatment with a sheet resistivity as low as ∼1.3 kΩ/sq. Conductivity through the FET channel is studied as a function of bias voltage on the liquid ion-gated electrode from −3.0 to 1.5 V. Stability of the H-terminated diamond surface was studied by varying the substrate temperature up to 350 °C. It was demonstrated that the sheet resistance and carrier densities remain stable over 3 weeks in ambient air atmosphere even at substrate temperatures up to 350 °C, whereas increasing temperature beyond this limit has effected hydrogenation. This study opens new avenues for carrying out fundamental research on diamond FET devices with ease of fabrication and high throughput.
3D synthetic aperture imaging with a therapeutic spherical random phased array for transcostal applications
Authors: Zubair Muhammad , Dickinson Robert J
Published: December 2020

Experimental validation of a synthetic aperture imaging technique using a therapeutic random phased array is described, demonstrating the dual nature of imaging and therapy of such an array. The transducer is capable of generating both continuous wave high intensity beams for ablating the tumor and low intensity ultrasound pulses to image the target area. Pulse-echo data is collected from the elements of the phased array to obtain B-mode images of the targets. Since therapeutic arrays are optimized for therapy only with concave apertures having low f-number and large directive elements often coarsely sampled, imaging can not be performed using conventional beamforming. We show that synthetic aperture imaging is capable of processing the acquired RF data to obtain images of the field of interest. Simulations were performed to compare different synthetic aperture imaging techniques to identify the best algorithm in terms of spatial resolution. Experimental validation was performed using a 1 MHz, 256-elements, spherical random phased array with 130 mm radius of curvature. The array was integrated with a research ultrasound scanner via custom connectors to acquire raw RF data for variety of targets. Imaging was implemented using synthetic aperture beamforming to produce images of a rib phantom and ex vivo ribs. The array was shown to resolve spherical targets within ±15 mm of either side of the axis in the focal plane and obtain 3D images of the rib phantom up to ±40 mm of either side of the central axis and at a depth of 3–9 cm from the array surface. The lateral and axial full width half maximum was 1.15 mm and 2.75 mm, respectively. This study was undertaken to emphasize that both therapy and image guidance with a therapeutic random phased array is possible and such a system has the potential to address some major limitations in the existing high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) systems. The 3D images obtained with a therapeutic array can be used to identify and locate strong scattering objects aiding to image guidance and treatment planning of the HIFU procedure.
A combined actinometry approach for medium pressure N2–O2 plasmas
Authors: Caplinger James E , Perram Glen P , Adams Steven F
Published: December 2020

An argon actinometry approach which uses the 777 nm and 844 nm atomic oxygen lines along with the common N2/

N

2

+

line ratio method is used to experimentally investigate the excitation mechanisms of the O(3p5P) state in medium pressure (0.75 Torr) N2–O2 plasmas. The method provides strong evidence that metastable excitation from the O(3s5S◦) state is an important excitation mechanism for O(3p5P) state for these conditions. The strong dependence of this additional mechanism on electron density along with the use of the N2/

N

2

+

line ratio method allow for the simultaneous determination of effective electron temperature, dissociation fraction, metastable O(3s5S◦) density and electron density. Predicted electron temperatures, electron densities and dissociation fractions are consistent with those found for similar discharges in prior studies. Additionally, we investigate the efficacy of using the observed 616 nm atomic oxygen line from the O(4d5D◦) state for actinometry, which could open the door to a novel and comprehensive actinometry technique.
Investigate the effects of salinity and temperature on the surface tension of a electromagnetic water
Authors: Mghaiouini Redouane , Garmim Toufik , Monkade Mohamed , EL Bouari Abdeslam
Published: December 2020

The surface tension of the water-air interface was measured using the falling drop method under the effect of a 40 nT low-frequency electromagnetic field. It was found that the surface tension decreased proportionally with an increase in the magnetization time. The surface tension decreased for different NaCl concentrations and also for magnetized water at different temperatures. One possible explanation for this is that breaking hydrogen bonds decreases the Helmholtz free energy, which further decreases the surface tension Another explanation is that the Lorentz force can amplify the surface excitation of the ripples, increase the surface pressure at the surface, and thus decrease the surface tension. Statistical analysis showed that our experimental results are significant.
Research On Data Mining Algorithm In Power Marketing Analysis
Authors: Wang Hao Miao
Published: December 2020

In the analysis of power market economic evaluation indicators, it is more common to use technical data mining for data calculation based on technology maturity analysis. This paper is based on a distributed computing platform for data mining, and parallelizes the traditional FP-Growth algorithm, so that the FP-Growth algorithm can be applied to the mining of big data association rules. Experimental results show that the algorithm can greatly improve the efficiency of mining association rules for massive data. The model is trained and tested on a distributed cluster built into the laboratory using customer electricity data, and then the predictions are validated to determine whether the difference between the predicted values and historical data for the same period exceeded the set threshold.
Design Of A Classification Model For The Extraction And Collection Of Garbage Information Based On The Internet Of Things
Authors: Shang Ziqiao , Lin Feipeng
Published: December 2020

As an effective way to alleviate the current problem of garbage in China, garbage classification has been vigorously promoted by relevant government departments in recent years, but its actual performance is still not satisfactory. Therefore, in view of the current difficulties in the treatment of domestic garbage and the promotion of garbage classification in China, we have implemented the extraction of household garbage information based on the Internet of Things technology and mechanical design. Through management methods and information management systems, we can achieve the traceability of household garbage to individuals and follow up in the process of treatment. An innovative garbage collection and transportation treatment model was designed to solve the social pain points to the greatest extent, promote residents to carry out garbage classification independently, and increase the proportion of garbage resource treatment. The current design products mainly include two-dimensional code sorting garbage bags, recognizable sorting household barrels, intelligent split type garbage bins and garbage information management system, and have established a relatively complete management and operation system and points reward and punishment system, which effectively promote the national garbage classification process.
Automatic Turning Manipulator for Cake Production Line
Authors: Meng Fanzhao , Yang Yonghai , Yang Ruiqing , Wei Hongmei
Published: December 2020

In the production process of baking food processing enterprises, cakes, biscuits and other products made by steaming are generally installed in the baking tray and baked in the oven. The temperature of the baking tray is above 100 degrees Celsius when leaving the oven. The high temperature environment is not conducive to the protection of workers. It needs to be left to cool and then be transported, so the production efficiency is low. In order to solve this problem, a method of replacing the manual handling of the baking tray and removing the baked cake product with a turning robot is proposed. At the same time, two methods for improving the design of the cake production line are given, and the structure and use of the two products of the single-column turning manipulator and the articulated turning manipulator are introduced. The single-column turning manipulator consists of a base, a single-column rotating mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a swing arm, a pneumatic gripping mechanism, etc. A frame-type pneumatic gripping mechanism is adopted, and driven by the turning motor, and can realize the turning of the baking tray. The articulated turning manipulator consists of a base, a waist, a big arm, a small arm, a wrist, and a hand actuator. The hand adopts a rotatable square shaft end structure with an electromagnetic device, transforming the cake baking tray to increase the square groove meshed with it, so as to realize the flipping action of the cake baking tray.
Study on Design of the whole vehicle test platform and Modeling simulation for In-wheel motor electric vehicles
Authors: Liu Qiu-Sheng
Published: December 2020

In order to meet the needs of actual vehicle research, the whole vehicle test platform for in-wheel electric vehicles is designed based on the idea of modularity. On the basis of the vehicle test platform, a joint simulation platform for in-wheel motor electric vehicles is established based on CarSim-Simulink, and simulation verification is carried out. The results show that the designed real-vehicle platform scheme is feasible, and the established simulation model has high accuracy, which can simulate the experimental vehicle well, accurately reflect the dynamic performance response of the vehicle, and provide a basis for further control algorithm research and verification.
Exploration of system modeling and simulation methods
Authors: Meng Lin , Gu Ping , Yue Xiaodong , Li Siyu , He Jian
Published: December 2020

With the rapid development of science and technology, simulation has become an indispensable means to study the laws of objective things. This paper introduces the concept, method and challenge of system simulation. The key of modeling in system simulation is put forward. Finally, the common modeling methods of information systems are introduced, and the advantages and disadvantages of different modeling methods and applications are compared and analyzed.
Research on FOD Detection System of Airport Runway Based on Artificial Intelligence
Authors: Yuan Zhong-Da , Li Jia-Qing , Qiu Zhi-Nan , Zhang Yong
Published: December 2020

With the rapid development of the global aviation industry, the number and scale of construction of civil airports around the world are increasing. In this context, the difficulty of aviation safety assurance work has also increased. Foreign object debris on the airport runway is one of the important factors affecting aviation safety and security. Any foreign material, debris or small objects that appear on the airport runway may pose a serious threat to the ground operation safety of the aircraft. Therefore, research on FOD detection is very important.
Development of Intelligent Rice-Wheat Combine Harvesting and Baling Machine
Authors: Tang Huaizhuang , Chen Xiusheng , Xue Zhiyuan , Xing Xiaoming , Li Mengwei , Lv Guodong , Guo Hejia
Published: December 2020

At present, due to the low utilization rate of straw, the environmental problems caused by straw burning are outstanding. Straw turns to a bioenergy technology has made breakthroughs and can be invoked as feed and power generation after treatment. We lack machinery for combining operations of rice-wheat harvesting and straw bundling in China. Because of the current status of rice-wheat harvesting and bundling, which have been successively entered into field operations by two machines, we have developed rice-wheat harvesting, threshing, and straw bundling with smart control. The intelligent rice-wheat combined harvesting and bundling machine with combined functions has completed the development of two prototypes, entrusted an inspection agency to perform inspection and testing, all performance indicators were better than the field safety and operational performance test. The machine integrates the functions of combined harvesting and bundling of rice and wheat and realizes the efficient harvesting of grains and the recycling of straw, which has been well reflected by users and has a fair prospect of promotion and application.
Friction Characteristics of the Spiral Groove Mechanical Seal
Authors: Zhang Penggao , Wei Long , Feng Xiu , Feng Fei
Published: December 2020

Based on Muijderman narrow groove theory, the pressure distribution of lubricant film in a spiral groove mechanical seal was calculated, and the friction characteristics between the end faces were analyzed. It has been found that the rotating speed has a greater influence on friction, and the friction between sealing faces increases with the increase of rotating speed. The friction between the end faces in a spiral groove mechanical seal decreases with the increase of the angle and depth of the spiral grooves.
Experimental study on deep hole drilling of GH4169 alloy
Authors: Liu Zhan Feng , Li Zhan Hui , Han Xiao Lan , Wang Yu
Published: December 2020

GH4169 alloy material has good corrosion resistance, radiation resistance and other excellent properties, and has been widely used in aerospace and other manufacturing fields. At the same time, due to its severe machining hardening phenomenon and high cutting force during machining, it is also one of the typical difficult-to-machine materials, and the deep hole drilling of GH4169 alloy has been rarely studied. In this paper, the deep hole drilling test of GH4169 is studied, and BTA system is adopted in the test, the wear and failure modes of the cutting tool, and the change of chip morphology were analyzed. Results showed that the middle cutter tooth wear focused on central blade, the wear of the center tooth occurs mainly at the tip of the cutter tooth, the wear of edge tooth mainly occurs at the arc of the tool tip where the main cutting edge is connected with the secondary cutting edge: the chips produced by the central cutter tooth are mostly short and small c-shaped chips, the chip produced by the middle tooth is not easy to break the chip, most of which are elongated spiral chip, the cuttings produced by the edge tooth are not easy to discharge, and most of them are hard spiral coils.
Failure Analysis of the Top Reticulated Shell Structure of a 20,000 Cubic Meter Floating Roof Storage Tank
Authors: Du Liang , Xing Shu , Liu Deyu , Yan He , Ren Chaoqun , Tan Huiying
Published: December 2020

The single-layer spherical reticulated shell structure is used as the fixed roof of a 20000 m3 internal floating roof tank. In the process of inspection and maintenance, the reticulated shell collapsed. In this paper, the strength, stiffness and stability of the design structure of the tank roof reticulated shell are calculated based on the finite element model, and the weak points of the shell structure are revealed, and the failure causes of the shell structure are comprehensively analyzed.
Quantitative Hg Content Migration Process II. Yang Dongfang Migration Model Application
Authors: Yang Dongfang , Zhang Longlei , Wang Qi , Lin Dong , Li Haixia
Published: December 2020

Based on the investigation data of Jiaozhou Bay in May, August and October, 1992, the migration process of Hg content that came from atmospheric subsidence in Jiaozhou Bay was studied. In August, the central point 2016 in the east of Jiaozhou Bay was taken as the source of atmospheric subsidence, with the Hg content of 0.050 μg/L. According to the absolutely and relatively horizontal loss rate model of matter content, the results showed the facts: A series of concentric circles with different gradients have been formed with station 2016 as the center. Taking the central station 2016 in the east of Jiaozhou Bay as the source of atmospheric subsidence, the Hg content decreased towards surrounding waters. The absolutely horizontal loss rate value of Hg content was between 0.19-0.63 Yang Dongfang absolute number, and the relatively horizontal loss rate value of Hg content was between 3.80-12.60 Yang Dongfang relative number. The sequence of Hg content from low to high was : the central water area of the bay < the northeast water area of the bay < the southeast water area of the bay < the northwest water area of the bay, and the sequence of Hg content absolutely horizontal(relatively) loss rate value from low to high was : the northwest water area of the bay < the central water area of the bay < the northeast water area of the bay < the southeast water area of the bay. The Hg content showed the starting point value of the source point, the end point value of the water area. And the absolutely(relatively) horizontal loss rate value of the Hg content showed the migration process value of the water area from the starting point to the end point. This revealed that the starting point, end point and process value of Hg content showed the migration process of Hg content in water. According to the Yang Dongfang horizontal loss rate model of substance content, the migration and change process of Hg content decreasing along the gradients to surrounding waters could be calculated and quantified.
Preparation and characterization of CdZnTe particle detectors
Authors: Bao Lei , Zha Gangqiang , Li Jian , Jie Wanqi
Published: December 2020

CdZnTe detectors, as the most widely used X/γ ray detector in room temperature, has the advantages of high sensitivity, low noise, short pulse time and high detection efficiency. As the radiation category encountered in space environment is complex, research on the charged particle detection and particle discrimination capability of CdZnTe detector is conductive to expanding its application and providing solutions for special application scenarios in the space field. Therefore, this work mainly focused on the preparation of high resolution CdZnTe charge particle detectors. The main factors affecting charge particle detection resolution during the preparation of CdZnTe detectors were analyzed. The alpha/beta particle discrimination capability was verified using 241Am and 90Sr-90Y radiation sources. Alpha particles and beta particles can be distinguished through the rise time of the pulse waveform according to the different incident depth in CdZnTe detectors.
A comparative study on the detection of tension clamp DR and phased array for transmission line
Authors: Li Hang , Xie Liming , Wang Xu , Gong Wei Wei
Published: December 2020

In this paper, the tension clamp of high-voltage overhead transmission line is taken as the research object, and the stress analysis is carried out by using ANSYS finite element software, and the stress distribution state of tension clamp of in-service transmission line is obtained. At the same time, the tension clamp samples with different types of defects are made, and the ultrasonic phased array and X-ray digital imaging dead-end clamp crimping quality detection are carried out respectively. According to the detection results, the different characteristics and advantages of the two detection methods are compared and analyzed, which provides a scientific basis for the accurate detection and evaluation of the dead-end clamp crimping quality of transmission lines.
Calculation and Analysis of Transient E-Field Distribution of 110kV Dry Type Transformer Under Lightning Impulse
Authors: Zhou Junfeng , Wang Shuo , Peng Chong , Wang Ning , Wang Kang , Zhu Tiantong
Published: December 2020

The 110kV dry type epoxy casting transformer had the characteristics of high voltage grade, great difficulty and uncertainty in research. Especially in the field strength control under lightning impulse, higher requirements were put forward for its insulation structure design. In this paper, an equivalent circuit model was built based on the heap winding structure, and the voltage distribution of winding nodes under lightning impulse was calculated. According to the actual drawing, a two-dimensional transformer model was established, and the E-field distribution of transformer under lightning impulse was obtained by simulation. The results showed that the maximum field strength at sampling point 1 was 4.1kV/mm, appearing around 65μs and 157μs. From the simulation results, the insulation performance of the pile winding did not meet the safety requirements. The research results in this paper could provide an important basis for the design of 110kV dry type transformer and technical support for the product development and safe operation of large capacity dry type transformer.
Study on the Application of MNSs/PLGA Nanocomposites in Biomedicine
Authors: He Wen , Ma Yefei , Zhang Yaoqi , Dai Xia , Song Jibing
Published: December 2020

The ways and effects of metal-based nanostructure (MNSs) to improve the physical or biomedical properties of PLGA polymers were studied. Firstly, the preparation methods of MNSs/PLGA nanocomposites are introduced, including solvent method, non-solvent method, MNSs direct modification method and single emulsion-solvent evaporation method. Then the applications of MNSs/PLGA nanocomposites in biomedical fields such as drug delivery, biological imaging and tissue regeneration are reviewed. Finally, the potential advantages and development trends of MNSs/PLGA nanocomposites in the treatment of diseases were analyzed on the basis of in vitro / vivo studies.
Therapeutic strategies of iron-based nanomaterials for cancer therapy
Authors: Wu Xiaqing , Zhang Haiyuan
Published: December 2020

Iron-based nanomaterials have appeared in various cancer treatments owing to their promising functions and safety. Various sophisticated iron-based nanomaterials have been designed to exhibit great therapeutic effects through different strategies. Given the rapid progression, there is a great need to integrate the recent advances to learn about the latest innovation in this field. In this review, we classified the strategies of iron-based nanomaterials for cancer treatment into the following categories: immunotherapy, ferroptosis, magnetic hyperthermia and magneto-mechanical destruction. On the one hand, we discussed the underlining mechanism of iron-based nanomaterials in these therapies and applications; on the other hand, we analyzed the feasible combination of these applications and other therapies. Finally, the current challenges and expectation of iron-based nanomaterials in this field were highlighted.
Climate impacts associated with reduced diet diversity in children across nineteen countries
Authors: Niles Meredith T , Emery Benjamin F , Wiltshire Serge , Brown Molly E , Fisher Brendan , Ricketts Taylor H
Published: December 2020

It is widely anticipated that climate change will negatively affect both food security and diet diversity. Diet diversity is especially critical for children as it correlates with macro and micronutrient intake important for child development. Despite these anticipated links, little empirical evidence has demonstrated a relationship between diet diversity and climate change, especially across large datasets spanning multiple global regions and with more recent climate data. Here we use survey data from 19 countries and more than 107 000 children, coupled with 30 years of precipitation and temperature data, to explore the relationship of climate to child diet diversity while controlling for other agroecological, geographic, and socioeconomic factors. We find that higher long-term temperatures are associated with decreases in overall child diet diversity, while higher rainfall in the previous year, compared to the long-term average rainfall, is associated with greater diet diversity. Examining six regions (Asia, Central America, North Africa, South America, Southeast Africa, and West Africa) individually, we find that five have significant reductions in diet diversity associated with higher temperatures while three have significant increases in diet diversity associated with higher precipitation. In West Africa, increasing rainfall appears to counterbalance the effect of rising temperature impacts on diet diversity. In some regions, the statistical effect of climate on diet diversity is comparable to, or greater than, other common development efforts including those focused on education, improved water and toilets, and poverty reduction. These results suggest that warming temperatures and increasing rainfall variability could have profound short- and long-term impacts on child diet diversity, potentially undermining widespread development interventions aimed at improving food security.
Systematical Analysis of Alpha-active Nuclides
Authors: Munkhsaikhan J , Odsuren M , Khuukhenkhuu G
Published: December 2020

The systematical analysis of alpha-active nuclides is useful for both the nuclear technology applications and understanding of nuclear structure study. Geiger-Nuttall law, which describes a dependence of the disintegration constant on the range of α-particles, was deduced from the Gamow theory explaining the passage of the α-particles through the Coulomb barrier by the quantum mechanical tunneling effect. Ground-to-ground state α-transitions for natural and artificial α-active nuclides were analyzed utilizing the Geiger-Nuttall rule. From rough analysis five group-like branches on the dependence of α-decay half- lives on α-particle energy were observed. Detailed analysis shows that precise linear dependences of the logarithm of α-decay half-lives on the reciprocal of square root of the α- particle energy for even-even isotopes of the U, Pu and Cm there are. However, for some even-even isotopes of the Po, Ra and Th regular behaviour of mass numbers was broken. This non-regularity of the mass numbers on the Geiger-Nuttall line is explained by the nuclear shell model.
On the activation energy of the glass transition process
Authors: Sanditov D S , Mashanov A A , Badmaev S S
Published: December 2020

Calculation of the temperature dependence of the activation energy of the glass transition process U(T) of amorphous organic polymers and inorganic glasses with the use of the Williams-Landel-Ferry equation for the relaxation time (viscosity) is proposed. The estimates made are in satisfactory agreement with experiment. The nature of the U(T) dependence is discussed.
T-x-y-z Diagram Prediction for the Quaternary System Li,Na,Ca,La||F
Authors: Vorob’eva V , Zelenaya A , Lutsyk V , Lamueva M
Published: December 2020

The prediction of the geometric structure of the LiF-NaF-CaF2-LaF3quaternary system T-x-y-z diagram has been carried out on the basis the data about the binary systems and the 3D computer models of the T-x-y diagrams of boundary ternary systems, designed earlier; and its prototype has been constructed. Correctness of the prediction may be confirmed (or rejected) by the experiments only.
A Brief Analysis of Collaborative and Content Based Filtering Algorithms used in Recommender Systems
Authors: Nallamala Sri Hari , Bajjuri Usha Rani , Anandarao Sarvani , Prasad Dr. D. Durga , Mishra Dr. Pragnaban
Published: December 2020

In the modern age and many prestigious applications use the recommendation method to play an important role. The system of recommendations collected apps, built a global village and provided enough information for development. This paper presents an overview of the approaches and techniques produced in the recommendation framework for collaborative filtering. Collaborative filtering, material and hybrid methods were the method of recommendation. In producing personalised recommendation the technique of collaborative filtering is particularly effective. There have been several algorithms over ten years of study, but no distinctions have been made between the various strategies. Indeed, there is not yet a widely agreed way to test a collaborative filtering algorithm. In this work we compare various literature techniques and review each one’s characteristics to emphasise their key strengths and weaknesses.
A Systematic Review on Anomaly Based Intrusion Detection System
Authors: Ganeshan R , kolli Chandra sekhar , kumar Ch. Mohan , Daniya T
Published: December 2020

The Intrusion Detection System can monitor and investigate the harmful actions on a network and take necessary action to halt the external data. If the external request arrives, the IDS technique notifies the user about the intruders and thereby, allows the user to disconnect the IP network connection and reset the network connection from any interrupt. Hence, various anomaly based IDSs used for providing cyber security are reviewed in this paper. Accordingly, various research papers based on anomaly detection are reviewed by providing a classification based on several aspects, and are analyzed regarding various factors, such as datasets utilized, accuracy obtained, evaluation metrics, and implementation tools. From the analysis, it is observed that majority of the papers reviewed have employed MATLAB as the implementation tool.
Security Analysis on Remote Authentication against Man-in-the-Middle Attack on Secure Socket Layer
Authors: Rama Devi O. , Parvathi Vallabhaneni S , Hussain Mohammed Ali , Kumar Tulisetti Kranthi
Published: December 2020

One of the biggest SSL assaults is Man-In-The-Middle. ARP poisoning and phishing are some of the principal attacks against SSL. Phishing offends the user by using false certificates or fake websites to steal certificate information. As for ARP poisoning, the attacker may act as a representative on the client/server communication channel. The MITM attack makes it difficult for users to know if they have linked to an original secured link or not. Since the certificate issued during the connection setup is not secure, an intruder can alter the details in the certificate and grant user authorization. Because a number of cliens have not been well trained above the whereabouts and their attacks, they can recognize the certificates that allow attackers to perform the attack. They can also acknowledge the attack. Two techniques have been suggested in order to cope with such assaults: first for ARP poisoning and secondly for phishing.
Heterogeneous inter-Clue designing of POI Popularity Analysis with discrepancy Tourism Data
Authors: Akarapu Mahesh , Sunil G. , Donthamala Koteshwar Rao , Mrutyunjaya M , Praveen D.
Published: December 2020

The prevalence of Predicting Point of Interest (POI) has been extremely important to location-based applications, such as reviews on POIs. Many current approaches are rarely able to achieve adequate efficiency due to the shortage of POI knowledge. This tendentious restricts the advice to famous locations and lacks equally important qualities in unlikely attractions. This paper introduces a novel method to forecasting the performance of POIs, dubbed Hierarchical Multi-Clue Fusion (HMCF). In general, to address sparsity issues, it is proposed that POIs be defined in a simple way usage different method of User-Generated Content (UGC) By different origin. And there is construct a hierarchically powerful POI modeling framework that concurrently injects semantonal Awareness and multiple layer representation regulation of POIs. Users are building a multi-view POI database for assessment by compiling both text and visual information from four conventional tourism channels from many separate provinces in China during 2006 to 2017. Extensive experimental findings indicate that the new technique will substantially improve the output of forecasting the success of attractions relative to a variety of reference methodologies.