bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictive factors requiring high-dose evocalcet in hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Tokumoto Masanori , Tokunaga Shin , Asada Shinji , Endo Yuichi , Kurita Noriaki , Fukagawa Masafumi , Akizawa Tadao
Published: December 2022

The dosage of evocalcet required to control serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels varies among secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) patients. This post hoc analysis evaluated the dose-dependent efficacy of evocalcet on serum intact PTH (iPTH) levels, corrected calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) levels, and safety, in an evaluation period (week 28 to week 30) by stratifying the previous phase 3 data with the final evocalcet dosages (low 1–2 mg [131 patients], medium 3–4 mg [90 patients], high 5–8 mg [92 patients]), and identified pre-treatment patient characteristics predicting the use of higher final evocalcet dosages via univariate and multivariate logistic regression models. At the end of the study at week 30, the median serum iPTH level was higher and the achievement ratio for the target range of Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy (60–240 pg/mL) was lower in the final high-dose subgroup (216 pg/mL and 58%, respectively) than in the other subgroups (low: 149 pg/mL and 79%; medium: 149 pg/mL and 73%, respectively). Among the three subgroups, the mean serum corrected Ca and P levels demonstrated similar trends, and similar ratio of patients achieved the target range (corrected Ca, 8.4–10 mg/dL; P, 3.5–6.0 mg/dL) from week 28 to week 30. No dose-dependent safety concerns were identified. Younger age, prior cinacalcet use, higher serum levels of iPTH and corrected Ca, procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide, intact fibroblast growth factor-23, and larger maximum parathyroid gland volume were significantly associated with final high-dose evocalcet (p < 0.05 in all cases). Patients requiring final high-dose evocalcet had pre-treatment characteristics indicating severe SHPT, leading to a lower final achievement rate for the target PTH levels of Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy. Therefore, the early initiation of evocalcet treatment for SHPT is critical.

Trial registration: This trial was registered as follows: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02549391 and JAPIC: JapicCTI-153013.
Seroprevalence of nasal myiasis in camels determined by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay utilizing the most diagnostic Cephalopina titillator larval antigens
Authors: Hassan Noha M. F. , Sedky Doaa , Abu El Ezz Nadia M. T. , El Shanawany Eman E.
Published: December 2022

Background and Aim: Nasal myiasis is a serious parasitic disease among camels caused by Cephalopina titillator larvae that negatively affect animal health and production globally. The diagnosis of the infestation relies on postmortem examination of the head region, which considers a cause impeding treatment of live animals and may be misdiagnosed as central nervous system disorders. This study aimed to identify the most diagnostic larval antigen with the capacity for monitoring C. titillator infestation, and to estimate the seroprevalence of nasal myiasis in camels in Egypt, using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

Materials and Methods: Three hundred and six male camels of Egyptian and Sudanese breeds, aged 2–5 years, were clinically evaluated for respiratory and/or nervous disorders in Cairo Governorate, Egypt. At the time of slaughter, blood samples were collected from all examined animals. The postmortem examination of 38 animals was conducted. Salivary glands, hemolymph, and somatic antigens were extracted from the second and third larval instars.

Results: The results revealed that the salivary gland antigen was the most potent antigen in detecting C. titillator specific total IgG antibodies compared to haemolymph and crude somatic antigens. Using receiver-operating characteristic curves and area under the curve, the salivary gland antigen had a sensitivity of 91.67% and a specificity of 92.31%, respectively. It has the highest positive predictive value, 95.7%, and negative predictive value, 85.7%. However, using somatic and hemolymph antigens revealed a sensitivity of 79.17% and 70.83% and a specificity of 76.9% and 84.6%, respectively. There was complete concordance between ELISA results and autopsy findings (true positive). One hundred and forty out of 306 (45.8%) camel serum samples were found to contain C. titillator.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated that salivary gland antigen is more effective than somatic and hemolymph antigens in accurately detecting nasal myiasis in camels. In addition, determining the seroprevalence of nasal myiasis with the salivary gland antigen through indirect ELISA revealed that it is a prevalent disease among camels in Egypt. Periodic surveillance of the C. titillator prevalence is necessary for effective management and control measures.
Changes in Economic Support Policies During COVID-19 Pandemic in 2022: North-East Asia Countries’ Experience
Authors:   Economic Research Institute FEB RAS, Izotov Dmitry
Published: December 2022

The review provides an analysis of government policy measures to support the economy in the North-East Asia countries during the COVID-19 pandemic, implemented in 2022 in the face of increasing external risks. It is shown that the internal political processes in the PRC determined the continued implementation of the «zero-COVID» strategy in 2022. It was determined that many measures to stabilize the Chinese economy in 2022 are a continuation of the measures of 2020-2021, for instance state investments in infrastructure projects and social spending. The new measures in the policy of the PRC in 2022 are including: ensuring economic security, stimulating employment for young people, stabilizing regional budgets and the real estate market. The structural problems of the Japanese economy have become significant constraints on the measures taken by government stimulus policy, even in the face of broad political supporting. For this reason, in 2022 the main changes in the measures of government stimulus policy for the Japanese economy were associated with transformations in the labor market and smoothing prices for basic goods. Along with this, the Japanese leadership has been raising capital in digital and green technologies in 2022 to stimulate long-term economic growth. It was shown that in the first half of 2022 the government of the Republic of Korea began to overcome the negative consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, therefore, it experienced a gradual tightening of monetary and fiscal policy and solving problems in the real estate market. In 2022, the government of the Republic of Korea began to finance programs for the development of an innovative economy, including creating a promising labor market
The Conductivity Enhancement of 1.5Li2O-P2O5 Solid Electrolytes by Montmorillonite Addition
Authors: Purwamargapratala Yustinus , Syahrial Anne Zulfia , Putra Teguh Yulius Surya Panca , Kartini Evvy , Jodi Heri
Published: December 2022

Most solid electrolyte materials have not shown enough conductivity to be used as an electrolyte for a battery in electronic devices. The mixture of 1.5 Li2O and P2O5 has been reported to show a good conductivity higher than that of Li3PO4, which is thought to be due to phase mixtures that are formed during manufacturing process. Montmorillonite (MMT) was used to explore the effect of phase mixture on conductivity of new 1.5Li2O-P2O5-MMT solid electrolyte composite, which was prepared through conventional solid-state reaction procedures. This study was conducted, how the addition of MMT affects process of forming 1.5Li2O-P2O5-MMT compound, and whether it influences electrical properties and permittivity of compound. Morphology, hygroscopicity, and electrochemical characteristics of this material were analyzed in this study. The shape of glassy-like flakes was reduced in micrographs, and granular lumps were getting larger as MMT was added. Addition also tended to reduce hygroscopicity, as indicated by a reduced rate of porous absorption. Whole Nyquist plot consisted of only one imperfect semicircular arc, indicating only one relaxation process occurred in materials. Capacitance of all arcs indicated main contribution of response was from bulk material. Slope of dielectric loss of samples indicated that conduction in the samples was mainly dominated by dc conduction. MMT clays acted as a medium that absorbed liquid phase in solid-state reaction, increasing formation of dominant phase, which determined total conductivity of compound. Conductivity was higher than that of Li4P2O7, where the sample of 20 wt% MMT addition was most polarizable and most dielectric compound.
„Z vnějšku“ a „z nitra“
Authors: Horský Jan
Published: December 2022

This article offers one of the possibilities of establishing a design for general anthropology. It works with the categories of “inwardness” (Innerlichkeit) and points to possible solutions of combining the spiritual, semiotic, or psychological “from the inside” with the empirical “from the outside”. Using the example of the discussion on “basic colour terms”, the article considers various levels of the evolution of designating colour (genetic, epigenetic, the level of coevolution of genes and culture, the level of evolution and diffusion of culture, the level of language development). At the same time, it considers the options of how to formulate testable theories that would combine ontogenesis, (cultural) phylogenesis, and cultural-historical developments.
Ukrajinská migrace do České republiky a její proměny v období epidemie COVID-19
Authors: Jirka Luděk
Published: December 2022

After 1993, the Czech Republic became the target of Ukrainian migrants thanks to its economic development. The migration policy was then set in 2004 and this new political action made Ukrainian migration more controlled and vulnerable. At the same time, non-qualified or low-qualified migrants became the most important workforce. After the economic crisis in 2008, the Czech Republic aspired to receive highly qualified (and low-qualified “important”) migrants, and no suitable dispositions were created for nonqualified migrants. Following this trend, mobility was hindered overall by the epidemic of COVID-19 in 2020. In accordance with this situation, a new restrictionist policy was introduced by the Czech government; however, it did not have an impact on “lowering” immigration. The epidemic of COVID-19 also triggered “changes” for Ukrainian migrants on the job market, and this became an opportunity for non qualified migrants.
Intimidad. Algunas propuestas desde el Magisterio eclesiástico
Authors: Ferrari Franceso , Gómez Quitián Juan Carlos , Nossa Ramos Diana Constanza
Published: December 2022

La educación constituye un espacio privilegiado para el cultivo del encuentro de la persona consigo misma y para su proyección en el ámbito de la apertura al otro, como encuentro interhumano y fundamento de la construcción de comunidad. En el campo de una educación centrada en la persona, que va más allá de la mera transmisión de conocimiento y del enfoque orientado solamente al El tema de la intimidad personal puede abordarse desde varios puntos de vista y relacionarse con otros tópicos como son: la protección de datos personales; la vinculación de la intimidad con la tecnología; las excepciones, límites y consecuencias de la intimidad y su tratamiento en el campo jurídico, etc. Ahora bien, para continuar con esta línea, el presente trabajo busca analizar si el Magisterio eclesiástico, especialmente el del Papa Francisco, contempla el tema de la intimidad personal. Para responder a este interrogante, se realizó el estudio de cuatro documentos relevantes de este pontificado: la V Conferencia General del Episcopado Latinoamericano y del Caribe en la ciudad de Aparecida, Brasil (2007), en la que, para la época, Jorge Mario Bergoglio participó como Arzobispo de Buenos Aires; la Carta encíclica Lumen fidei (2013); la carta encíclica Laudato si’ (2015); y la carta encíclica Fratelli tutti (2020); estas tres últimas promulgadas cuando Francisco ya había sido elegido Pontífice. Del análisis de los mencionados documentos se pudo determinar que la intimidad sí se tuvo en cuenta en el Magisterio eclesial en varios aspectos que se desarrollarán en el capítulo; por ejemplo, que el concepto de intimidad se presenta como indispensable para el encuentro con Dios mediante la oración personal. Además, que trasciende a la individualidad, toda vez que el trato personal e íntimo con Dios necesariamente da frutos, es fecundo y se abre al cuidado del prójimo y de la casa común. Por último, se puede destacar que la intimidad con Dios no es una actitud exclusiva de las personas consagradas, sino también de las familias católicas, que están llamadas a proteger y custodiar la intimidad del hogar de todo el ruido externo que les impida desarrollar su espiritualidad
Creatividad como expresión de la intimidad: reflexiones y sugerencias educativas
Authors: Maldonado Bejarano Angie Johana , Gaitán Acosta Karen Giselle , Santa Cruz Vera Dalia
Published: December 2022

Este trabajo es fruto del semillero de investigación Innovo en Educación: Proyecto de Vida y Misión: Escuela de Voluntariado. Fue desarrollado a través de un análisis documental y crítico, que retoma diversos autores, entre los que se destacan: Ricardo Yepes Stork y Jacinto Choza. La propuesta que se plantea es la de pensar la obra creativa como un medio para entregar a los demás la riqueza de la vida interior; para lo cual es necesario el cultivo de la intimidad personal, a través del conocimiento de sí, del perfeccionamiento de las facultades superiores, y del desarrollo de talentos y habilidades
Compensatory afforestation policy in India: an analysis using an ecorestoration lens
Authors: Tambe S. , Rawat G.S. , Krishen P. , Ranjitsinh M.K. , Ghosh N. , Rawat A.S. , Takpa J.
Published: December 2022

India is on track to meet the Bonn Challenge pledge by showcasing its ambitious compensatory afforestation programme. But a question remains regarding the extent to which this programme has achieved the restoration of degraded forests. Using the lens of ecological restoration, mitigation
hierarchy and compensatory conservation, the performance of compensatory afforestation policy in India is analyzed. It was found that this policy has significant shortcomings, namely, (i) it does not stipulate ending the drivers of degradation as a pre-condition before initiating afforestation,
(ii) it permits only a uniform reconstructive afforestation approach, and (iii) it does not provide guidance on the selection of sites and species for plantation. Evidence from field evaluation studies points to poor restoration outcomes owing to the selection of unsuitable sites, preference
for hardy species, poor plant survival, lack of community involvement and inconsistent monitoring. A revision of the compensatory afforestation policy is recommended by graduating to an ecological restoration regime if the country is to meet its international commitments of forest landscape
restoration, biodiversity conservation and carbon sequestration.
An overview of interactions between wildlife and forest illegalities in Cameroon
Authors: Assembe-Mvondo S. , Kan A.
Published: December 2022

Illegal exploitation of wildlife and forest resources are part of transnational crime, in which Cameroon plays a part. A review of documentation, interviews with key experts, and collection of field data in the markets and ports of the Cameroon's three main cities enabled the gathering
of information on connections and synergies between these two criminal acts. The empirical evidence presented in this study demonstrates a strong connection between the illegal wildlife trade and illegal logging in Cameroon. These two areas of criminal activity maintain synergies through bad
governance, weakening of rule of law, mafia connections between the two groups' actors involved and sharing access routes. Both result in negative ecological and socio-economic impacts.
Forest restoration policy in the North Korea based on the reforestation experience in South Korea
Authors: Ji S. , Shin S. , Lee Y.
Published: December 2022

In order to promote forest restoration in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea), the research investigated the reforestation experience of the Republic of Korea (South Korea), promoted as part of the Saemaul Undong movement in the 1970s. The key success factors of
reforestation in South Korea include the pan-national campaign, efficient governance for social resource mobilization, development of the alternative energy industry, food production enhancement and great international support. North Korea has also launched a pan-national campaign, mobilized
social resources, is developing renewable energy industries, and has cooperated with international communities. However, because reforestation in North Korea is directly or indirectly connected to various factors such as food security, energy supply and demand, and climate change, an integrated
approach is necessary as a model for cooperative development to achieve the desired outcomes of forest restoration policies. Further, comprehensive agricultural and rural development, especially agroforestry projects, are required to implement forest restoration policies in North Korea efficiently
and effectively.
Crystal structure of ethyl 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-4-((4-methoxyphenyl)amino)-5-oxo-2,5-dihydro-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate, C16H20N2O5
Authors: Abdul Rashid Fatin Nur Ain , Bacho Muhamad Zulfaqar , Slawin Alexandra M. Z. , Abdul Manan Mohd Abdul Fatah , Johari Saiful Azmi , Mohammat Mohd Fazli
Published: December 2022

C16H20N2O5, triclinic,

P

1
‾

$P\overline{1}$

(no. 2), a = 7.9179(7) Å, b = 10.1982(9) Å, c = 10.4144(8) Å, α = 76.184(7)°, β = 87.090 (7)°, γ = 73.500(8)°, V = 782.86(12) Å3, Z = 2, R

gt
(F) = 0.0458, wR

ref
(F
2) = 0.1333, T = 93 K.
A theoretical framework underlying an accelerated testing method and its application to composites under constant strain rates and fatigue loading
Authors: Xu Fei , Arthur Jones Ivor , Li Shuguang
Published: December 2022

A theoretical framework that underlies an accelerated testing method for unidirectional (UD) composites is proposed in this article, based on the continuum damage mechanics and time–temperature superposition. By the way of demonstration, it has been applied to problems involving constant strain rates and fatigue loading conditions. The damage evolution law for the matrix of composites was constructed using the Weibull distribution of defects, which will develop into cracks as a result of deformation. In conjunction with the Wiechert model, the theoretical framework formulated here is capable of capturing the mechanical behaviour of UD composites. Demonstration and initial verification of this acceleration method were carried out through experiments. This work can provide theoretical and technical support for the durability verification and the evaluation of the high cycle fatigue performance of composite structures.
Heat of Hydration, Shrinkage, and Flexural Strength of Portland Limestone Cement Mortar
Authors: Choudhary Antara , Ghantous Rita M. , Opdahl Oliver H. , Isgor O. Burkan , Weiss W. Jason
Published: December 2022

Replacing a portion of the clinker in cementitious systems with limestone is one strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This study was designed to evaluate three performance parameters: heat of hydration, drying shrinkage, and flexural strength of portland limestone cement (PLC) mixtures. Eighty mortar and paste mixtures were prepared using Type II/V ordinary portland cement (OPC), PLC, and OPC with ground limestone (OPC + LS) with and without supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). The PLC was made in the same commercial facilities using the same raw materials as the OPC (ASTM C150, Standard Specification for Portland Cement, Type II/V). The PLC and OPC + LS paste mixtures had a heat of hydration (extent of reaction) that was within 10 % of the OPC paste mixtures, whereas the heat of hydration for PLC and OPC + LS paste mixtures with slag were comparable with corresponding OPC-slag paste mixtures. Compared with OPC, the PLC and OPC + LS did not substantially affect the drying shrinkage for most mortar mixtures, though increases of 7–8 % were noticed for mortar mixtures with slag. At 7 days, some PLC and OPC + LS mortar systems demonstrated up to a 19.9 % reduction in flexural strength (M0: plain system [i.e., no SCM], M1, M2, which were the systems with fly ash), though a 5–7 % greater strength was noticed with slag. At later ages, the flexural strength difference between the PLC or OPC + LS and OPC mixtures was less pronounced (±5 % of each at 90 days) and was not statistically different.
Resilient Pavement Materials to Mitigate Impact of Climate Change in New Jersey
Authors: Marath Ashith , Swarna Surya Teja , Mehta Yusuf
Published: December 2022

Pavement design procedures heavily rely on historical climate. This practice can be a threat to the pavement infrastructure predominantly because of anthropogenic climate change. Therefore, there is a necessity to consider the climate change parameters in pavement design. This study quantifies the influence of climate change on pavement performance in New Jersey. In addition, this study also explores various modified asphalt mixtures to mitigate the climate change impact on asphalt and composite pavements. The scope of this work is carried out in four phases, which include data collection, laboratory material testing for both conventional and modified asphalt materials, pavement performance prediction using pavement mechanistic-empirical design, and selection of optimal modified asphalt materials to mitigate the climate change impacts. To achieve this, two pavement sections are considered in New Jersey. The pavement material, design, and traffic data were collected from the New Jersey Department of Transportation. In addition, statistically downscaled climate change models were gathered from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) GFDL-EMS2g.1, which was processed by the US Department of Transportation CMIP Data Processing Tool. This study concludes that increased temperature caused by climate change results in high pavement deformation in the asphalt concrete layer. Using modified asphalt mixtures can be an alternative to mitigate the climate change impact in New Jersey.
Suggested Sampling Methods for In-Service Oil and Grease-Lubricated Equipment
Authors: Bunchek Victoria , Dalley Raymond J. , Hall Bernie , Staniewski George , Wurzbach Richard
Published: December 2022

The term “oil/grease sampling” has taken on many definitions depending on the application and user's experience. Techniques for collecting samples can vary widely with a single location or from one individual to another. The wide range of variability has a major effect on the data and justifies this practicing guideline. The purpose of this guide is to provide best practices for sampling in-service lubricant to decrease the variability between used oil-analysis samples and improve the effectiveness of the data to make the resulting maintenance actions more meaningful and impactful as they relate to equipment safety, reliability, and life span. For the purposes of this guideline, equipment is divided into groups on the basis of the techniques needed to satisfy sampling in general reservoirs; low-, medium-, and high-pressure circulating lubricant systems; small reservoirs; hostile environments; and grease-lubricated applications. In each category, basic, better, and best practices are provided. The basis for the best practices are provided in ASTM D8112, Standard Guide for Obtaining In-Service Samples of Turbine Operation Related Lubricating Fluid, and ASTM D7718, Standard Practice for Obtaining In-Service Samples of Lubricating Grease; however, additional applications and equipment-specific direction are provided here to better serve anyone involved in taking used oil and grease samples or utilizing the data provided by such samples. The scope of this guide does not aim to include unused (new) lubricant, certain types of marine or other equipment with once-through/total-loss lubrication systems, or insulating fluids such as those used in transformers. Some of those sampling practices that are not applicable here can be found in ASTM D4057, Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products, and ASTM D923-15, Standard Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liquids. The goal is to produce an evolving sampling guideline document for practicing end users throughout the world.
Unraveling the Nature of Children’s Self-directed Speech: Correlates of Five- and Six-year-olds’ Overt and Partially Covert Speech on Three Tasks
Authors: Doebel Sabine , Munakata Yuko
Published: December 2022

Young children’s self-directed speech during activities has long fascinated developmental psychologists. Why do children talk to themselves and does it support development? On Vygotsky’s sociocultural account, children use self-directed speech to regulate thought and behavior while performing challenging tasks, and this speech has a specific developmental trajectory—from overt (i.e., talking at full volume) to partially covert (i.e., whispering or mumbling), before finally becoming fully covert (i.e., inner speech or thought). Many published empirical findings are consistent with this account; however, task-relevant self-directed speech does not always relate to task performance. The reported study aimed to gain insight into why by exploring, in a sample of five and six-year-old children (n = 86), task-relevant overt and partially-covert speech on three tasks, and relations with task performance as well as child and task characteristics. Trial-level multinomial models were used, allowing us to model trial number and task demands that varied by trial. Both overt and partially-covert speech were observed on all tasks, with most children using at least one of these forms of speech some of the time. Relations between self-directed speech and performance varied across tasks, showing positive, null, or negative associations. Self-directed speech varied depending on the demands of the task on a given trial. Overt speech, but not partially covert speech, was related to a parent-report measure of child talkativeness as well as social speech during the task. Age was not consistently related to self-directed speech on the tasks. Together, these findings challenge the notion that overt speech is best understood simply as a transition to partially covert and then fully covert speech. Rather, whether speech is overt (vs. partially or fully covert) may be determined by social goals. More research with a wider variety of tasks is needed to better understand the nature of these two forms of self-directed speech.
Identification of Prognostic Factors for Recurrence and Mortality in Patients With Acute Pulmonary Embolism
Authors: Zeng Weijia , Xu Bing , Wang Xiaoping , Lin Shirong , Lin Qingming , Hao Zedong , Chen Feng , Ke Jun
Published: December 2022

Background: This study aimed to explore prognostic factors for 1-year recurrence and mortality in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (APE).
Methods: APE patients who attended the Emergency Department of Fujian Provincial Hospital from January 2016 to June 2020 were recruited. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were carried out to determine the prognostic factors for 1-year recurrence and mortality.
Results: A total of 458 APE patients were included, of whom 81 (17.69%) had recurrence, and 97 (21.18%) died. Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that smoke (OR: 1.949; 95% CI: 1.094–3.470; P = 0.023), abnormal platelet distribution width (OR: 3.013; 95% CI: 1.574–5.767; P = 0.001), and interrupted maintenance therapy (OR: 18.280; 95% CI: 9.777–34.179; P < 0.001) were significantly associated with an increased risk of 1-year recurrence in APE patients. Age ≥65 years (OR: 3.492; 95% CI: 1.876–6.500; P < 0.001), history of malignancy (OR: 7.190; 95% CI: 3.804–13.587; P < 0.001), history of long-term immobilization (OR: 6.244; 95% CI: 3.472–11.228; P < 0.001), mechanical ventilation (OR: 5.971; 95% CI: 3.154–11.304; P < 0.001), and interrupted maintenance therapy (OR: 2.414; 95% CI: 1.315–4.432; P = 0.004) were independent prognostic factors for 1-year mortality. The AUC of 1-year mortality and recurrence prediction models were 0.852 (95% CI: 0.805–0.898) and 0.868 (95%CI: 0.832–0.905).
Conclusion: In patients with APE, history of smoking, abnormal PDW, and interrupted maintenance therapy were significantly associated with the risk of 1-year recurrence, while age ≥65 years, history of malignancy, history of long-term immobilization, mechanical ventilation, and interrupted maintenance therapy were independent prognostic factors for 1-year mortality.
Bahamian Fathers' Involvement with Their Child’s Schooling: To What Extent does Family Structure Matter?
Authors: Bowe Anica G , Johnson Chenson L
Published: December 2022

This study examined characteristics of Bahamian fathers’ involvement with schooling using data from a comprehensive study on parent involvement within one Bahamian community. We triangulated data from parent survey (N = 91 males, N = 278 females) and community interview data (N = 33 community members) to compare fathers to mothers, examine whether fathers living in the same home as their child had an impact on their involvement with schooling, and pinpoint beliefs regarding family structure and gender norms. Chi-square analyses demonstrate that Bahamian fathers engaged with schools in very similar ways to mothers on over half the involvement indicators, with slight differences on the remaining indicators. Mean difference analyses of factor scores showed slight differences between mothers and fathers on academic involvement and more pronounced differences on involvement concerning basic needs. Interestingly, despite beliefs about family structure voiced by some participants, living in the same home as their child did not play a role in fathers’ involvement. We discuss our findings within the social context of The Bahamas, raise questions about the real impact of family structure on involvement, and call for more exploration on the impact of class and socioeconomic status on involvement with schools.
Preparation of high-performance activated carbons using bamboo through one-step pyrolysis
Authors: Ma Xinxin , Smith Lee M. , Cai Liping , Shi Sheldon Q. , Li Hui , Fei Benhua
Published: December 2022

One-step pyrolysis is a promising thermal degradation process that has a fast reaction rate and high energy efficiency. In this study, high performance bamboo activated carbon was successfully prepared by one-step pyrolysis with different pyrolysis times (2.5 h, 5 h, and 10 h). Using a high pyrolysis temperature of 1050 °C, the specific surface area was remarkably increased to 2348 m2/g, which was substantially higher than the findings reported previously by other studies. The mesopore ratio was increased to 77.4%, which indicated that the bamboo activated carbon mainly contained microporous carbon and the mesoporosity was considerably developed. The activated carbon was then applied successfully to remove Methylene Blue from aqueous solutions. The adsorption equilibrium data was fit best to the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacity ranged from 495 mg/g to 1667 mg/g.
Evaluation of selected properties of oriented strand boards made from fast growing wood species
Authors: Dumitrascu Adela-Eliza , Lunguleasa Aurel , Salca Emilia-Adela , Ciobanu Valentina Doina
Published: December 2022

Three fast-growing wood species in Romania, namely birch, willow, and poplar, were considered in this work. These species may have potential to replace softwoods or mixtures of wood species frequently used in the production of oriented strand boards (OSB). This study evaluated some physico-mechanical properties of these wood species that influence the performance of OSB boards made using 100% of strands from each individual species. Wood strands were cut, dried, screened, and sorted in order to form the core and surface layers of OSB boards. They were blended with a polymeric diphenyl methane diisocyanate adhesive (pMDI) and compressed with the help of a hydraulic press. The mechanical tests were performed under standard laboratory conditions. The obtained OSB boards made of each of the wood species met the EN standard of minimum requirements for OSB/2 properties, except the MOE of poplar-OSB, while its MOR was higher than that obtained for OSB made of birch even for small differences in board density. The birch-OSB presented superior elastic properties. Results of this experimental work can have industrial applications for an efficient use of low-grade raw material.
Physico-mechanical properties of Sapindus mukorossi seed
Authors: Bai Xiaopeng , Xu Daochun , Sun Wendi , Diao Ziyu
Published: December 2022

This work characterized physical and mechanical properties of Sapindus mukorossi seed to explore the mechanical behaviors of the seed during compression in a roll crusher. A new method that combines simulations and calculations with experimental data obtained using a three-dimensional optical measurement system for the measurement of the Poisson ratio and elasticity modulus of the hollow-sphere seed hull was proposed. The modulus of elasticity was derived from a mechanics formulation and verified in a computer simulation based on experimental data. Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectrometry were conducted to reveal the mesostructure and components of the seed hull. The results revealed that the average densities of the S. mukorossi seed shell and kernel were respectively 1.49 and 1.07 × 103 kg/m3, the average Poisson’s ratio was 0.185, and Young’s modulus ranged from 1.3 to 0.3 GPa. These values had little dispersion, demonstrating both the consistency of the processing techniques and the stability of the material properties. The given properties of the S. mukorossi can be used as a theoretical basis for the optimized processing of this biomass material. The proposed method provides a new direction in the study of the mechanical properties of biomaterials.
The research of the formation of eating and personal hygiene skills among children with moderate and severe mental disability
Authors:   Kamianets-Podilsky Ivan Ohienko National University, Ukraine, Haletska Yuliya
Published: December 2022

The article analyzes the results of the study of the formation of eating and personal hygiene skills among children with moderate and severe intellectual disabilities. The main directions of correctional work on the formation of self-care skills among children with intellectual disabilities have been described: eating skills; personal hygiene skills; dressing and undressing skills, etc. It has been established that the success of the formation of domestic independence among children with moderate and severe intellectual disabilities is determined by compliance with such conditions, in particular, determining the actual level of the child’s needs, improving the content of work with children, using a variety of visual aids, forming of a positive attitude to household activities, the gradual weakening of control in order to increase the independence and activity of the child.
Teaching the Skill of Shared Decision Making Utilizing a Novel Online Module: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Study
Authors: Arenth Joshua , Turnbull Jessica , Pichert James , Webb Lynn , Pituch Ken
Published: December 2022

OBJECTIVES:

In this pilot study, we developed and tested an online educational module for the purpose of teaching optimal shared decision making (SDM) behaviors for physicians in training. We hypothesized that those who received this intervention would show significant improvement in SDM behaviors afterward as compared with those who had not received the intervention.

METHODS:

Pediatric subspecialty fellows (pediatric critical care medicine, neonatology, hematology and oncology, and pulmonology) at the Monroe Carell Jr Children’s Hospital at Vanderbilt were eligible to participate, if approved by their respective program directors. Design was a randomized crossover trial of an online educational module to promote behaviors essential to SDM. Participants were randomized by subspecialty. Experts in clinical communication blinded to participants’ study arms evaluated SDM behaviors in video-taped clinical simulations with standardized parent dyads. The study protocol was approved by the Vanderbilt University Institutional Review Board.

RESULTS:

Participants receiving the intervention were approximately 40 times more likely to improve their subsequent total score when compared with simply repeating the simulation alone (95% confidence interval, 1.72–919.29; P = .022).

CONCLUSIONS:

This pilot study demonstrates that an online, interactive module can be an effective way of teaching the skill of SDM to pediatric subspecialty trainees. Tools like this one could help overcome the limitations inherent in currently published SDM resources and meet the need for interventions with demonstrated effectiveness, helping to increase the utilization of SDM skills by providing primary or supplemental education at institutions across the resource spectrum.
Chronic Exercise for Core Symptoms and Executive Functions in ADHD: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Huang Huan , Jin Zhijuan , He Changshuang , Guo Shaoyu , Zhang Yiwen , Quan Minghui
Published: December 2022

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES

The effects of chronic exercise interventions (CEIs) on core symptoms and executive functions (EFs) of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and how different characteristics of CEIs could modify the effect remain unclear. We synthesized the current evidence on the effects of CEIs on core symptoms and EFs in children and adolescents with ADHD.

METHODS

Data sources include PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure from database inception to July 31, 2022. Study selection includes randomized controlled trials that reported on the effects of CEIs on core symptoms and/or EFs in ADHD aged 6 to 18 years.

RESULTS

Twenty-two randomized controlled trials were included. CEIs had a small beneficial effect on overall core symptoms (standardized mean difference [SMD] = −0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.64 to −0.14), as well as inattention (SMD = −0.32, 95% CI: −0.63 to −0.004) among children and adolescents with ADHD. Closed-skill exercise showed a large improvement in core symptoms (SMD = −0.83, 95% CI: −1.30 to −0.35), whereas open-skill exercise did not. Additionally, CEIs had a moderately beneficial effect on overall EFs (SMD = −0.68, 95% CI: −0.91 to −0.45) and a moderate-to-large effect on the specific domains of EFs. The pooled effects on overall core symptoms and EFs were not significantly modified by study population (children or adolescents), exercise session duration (≤50 or >50 minutes per session, median), or total exercise sessions (<24 or ≥24 sessions, median).

CONCLUSIONS

CEIs have small-to-moderate beneficial effects on overall core symptoms and EFs in children and adolescents with ADHD.
Efeito causal entre o indicador de bolsa de valores Ibovespa e os indicadores Shangai, S&P 500, Merval y Nikkei
Authors: Sanchez Arevalo Jorge Luis , De Sousa Gabriela Moreira , Meurer Rodrigo Malta
Published: December 2022

O estudo analisa a relação de causalidade entre o indicador bursátil brasileiro em relação a outros indicadores de bolsa de valores. Especificamente, o tempo de estudo incorpora a crise mundial causada pela covid-19 e a guerra pelo preço do petróleo.
Utilizaram-se as séries diferenciadas, considerando a existência de raiz unitária; posteriormente, realizou-se a estimação do modelo VAR e a causalidade de Granger. Nos resultados, verifica-se que a causalidade entre o Ibovespa com o S&P500 e o Nikkei é bidirecional. Esses resultados são consistentes ao relacionar o grau de intercâmbio comercial e de origem do investimento estrangeiro no Brasil.
Análisis de los efectos expansivos y redistributivos del Programa para el Bienestar de las Personas Adultas Mayores en México y sus regiones
Authors: Chapa Cantu Joana Cecilia , Rangel González Erick , Mosqueda Chávez Marco Tulio
Published: December 2022

Analizamos el Programa para el Bienestar de las Personas Adultas Mayores, cuyas reglas de operación fueron modificadas en el ejercicio fiscal 2019 (población objetivo y monto del apoyo). A través de las matrices de contabilidad social para las regiones norte, centro, centro norte y sur de México, simulamos los efectos expansivos y redistributivos de los cambios en el programa. Concluimos que la región centro es la más beneficiada, en comparación con el resto del país. No obstante, en la región sur se registra la mayor expansión en el ingreso de los más pobres.
Informalidad, crecimiento y desarrollo económico en la frontera colombo-venezolana: el caso del departamento de Arauca
Authors: Aguilar Barceló José G. , Mahecha Guerra Ronal E.
Published: December 2022

Se suele asumir que la informalidad laboral reduce la base impositiva, compromete el gasto público y precariza el empleo. Mediante el uso de un modelo de datos de panel de efectos fijos y el índice de Moran, se busca conocer la sensibilidad que tiene la informalidad laboral en los niveles de crecimiento y desarrollo económico regional, el posicionamiento geográfico, las condiciones fronterizas y los flujos migratorios en el ámbito municipal, en el departamento colombiano de Arauca para el periodo 2011-2017. Se encuentra que, el nivel de los ingresos tributarios y la cobertura educativa tienen buena capacidad para explicar la informalidad y, por ende, pueden ser aprovechados estratégicamente por las municipalidades en el diseño de política pública. Aunque se descarta una relación global positiva entre informalidad y crecimiento económico, sí existen dinámicas por las que la informalidad podría asociarse con el desarrollo de algunos sectores económicos a escala local. Adicionalmente, se encuentra evidencia de que la informalidad en los municipios araucanos mantiene patrones relacionales que cambian en el tiempo. Finalmente, aunque la condición de frontera tiene incidencia en la informalidad, parecen tenerla aún más los factores estructurales asociados a dicho fenómeno.
Nonparametric Prediction for Spatial Dependent Functional Data Under Fixed Sampling Design
Authors: Ndiaye Mamadou , Dabo-Niang Sophie , Ngom Papa
Published: December 2022

In this work, we consider a nonparametric prediction of a spatiofunctional process observed under a non-random sampling design. The proposed predictor is based on functional regression and depends on two kernels, one of which controls the spatial structure and the other measures the proximity between the functional observations. It can be considered, in particular, as a supervised classification method when the variable of interest belongs to a predefined discrete finite set. The mean square error and almost complete (or sure) convergence are obtained when the sample considered is a locally stationary α-mixture sequence. Numerical studies were performed to illustrate the behavior of the proposed predictor. The finite sample properties based on simulated data show that the proposed prediction method outperformsthe classical predictor which not taking into account the spatial structure.
Evaluación del Síndrome de burnout en la Secretaría de Educación Departamental de Norte de Santander (Colombia)
Authors: Ortiz Flórez Yenfri Yelitza , Mateus Torrado Angie Fernanda , Pérez Fernández Blanca Johanna
Published: December 2022

Objetivo Identificar la prevalencia del síndrome de burnout en el recurso humano de la Secretaría de Educación Departamental (SED) de Norte de Santander (Colombia) durante el año 2020.
Métodos Se aplicó el cuestionario Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) a una muestra de 366 trabajadores.
Resultados Este estudio muestra que los funcionarios son personas que actualmente no presentan el síndrome, pero se obtuvo una puntuación del 6% en referencia a la tendencia media y el 4% pertenecen a la tendencia alta. Se evidencia una futura aparición de síntomas asociados a estrés, agotamiento emocional, irritabilidad, frustración y depresión. Del 4% (13 personas) que dio tendencia alta al síndrome de burnout, el 54% corresponden al género femenino y 46%, al masculino, y en cuanto al cargo, 12 personas son docentes y 1 persona es directivo.
Conclusiones La SED manifiesta un desconocimiento del síndrome y una diferencia con respecto al concepto del estrés.
El valor relegado de la atención primaria durante la pandemia COVID-19: una de enfermería
Authors: Valencia-Contrera Miguel , Valenzuela-Suazo Sandra
Published: December 2022

El 11 de marzo del 2020 la Organización Mundial de la Salud caracteriza a una nueva enfermedad denominada COVID-19 como una Pandemia, en respuesta a ello proporciona una serie de lineamientos, en el último de estos se visualiza la Atención Primaria de la Salud como protagonista, sin embargo, es una gran tarea con pocos recursos disponibles, más aún cuando nos encontramos con un nivel de atención historicamente desatendido, en dicho contexto se gesta el presente artículo que responde al objetivo de relevar la importancia de la Atención Primaria de la Salud de América Latina en respuesta al Plan estratégico desarrollado recientemente por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. La necesidad de su fortalecimiento es referida por múltiples realidades como Chile, Perú, Brasil, México, Cuba, Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Paraguay o Bolivia, se ha descrito que la enfermería presenta un rol preponderante ante la problemática, pues son estos profesionales los que prestan hasta el 90% de los servicios de salud, con resultados en los pacientes comparables o mejores que las contrapartes médicas, no obstante su capacidad está limitada por las leyes estatales y federales. Se describen 4 obstáculos que restringen el poderoso aporte de la Atención Primaria de la Salud.
Dispensación de antibióticos en un instituto de seguridad social universitario. Corrientes, Argentina. 2020
Authors: Rocha Maria Teresa , Hartman Isabel , Morales Sergio D. , González María M. , Antola Lorena Dos Santos
Published: December 2022

Objetivo Caracterizar la dispensa de antibiÓticos a pacientes ambulatorios en un instituto de seguridad social universitario durante el año 2020.
Método Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo-correlacional de utilización de medicamentos. Para cuantificar la dispensa, se utilizó la dosis diaria definida (DDD) por 1 000 habitantes por día (DHD) y la unidad de dosis, recomendadas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), y el valor intrínseco terapéutico potencial como indicador cualitativo, según Laporte y Tognoni.
Resultados Se incluyeron 4 748 dispensaciones ambulatorias. Edad promedio: 42 años; rango: 0-94 años, con predominio del sexo femenino (55%). La mayoría pertenecían al grupo de las penicilinas (51,3%) con predominio de amoxicilina en asociaciones a dosis fija o como monofármaco (48,3%), seguida por los macrólidos (21,0%) y las fluoroquinolonas (17,0%). Se pudo apreciar un consumo potencial de 7,7 DHD, lo cual implica que, en promedio, 7 de cada 1 000 afiliados de la institución estuvo expuesto a estos agentes diariamente, con predominio de amoxicilina asociada a ácido clavulánico (2,2 DHD).
Conclusión La población general de universitarios estuvo expuesta a una prescripción alta de amoxicilina en asociaciones a dosis fijas, algunas de valor inaceptable o relativa, así como también a los nuevos macrólidos y fluoroquinolonas de segunda y tercera generación. Esto requiere especial atención, porque el consumo indiscriminado a nivel ambulatorio de antibióticos de amplio espectro podría convertirse en un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de resistencia bacteriana; implica, además, un riesgo en la aparición de eventos adversos serios y un incremento en el gasto sanitario.