bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anesthetic Considerations for an Adult With Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba Syndrome: A Case Report
Authors: Pivalizza Catherine M. , Jefferies Hayden B. , Pivalizza Evan G.
Published: July 2023

Anesthetic considerations for adults with Bannayan-Riley-Ruvalcaba syndrome, part of the PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) hamartoma tumor syndrome, are not well described. As patients may require surgical intervention for associated musculoskeletal, intestinal, oncologic, or soft tissue masses, knowledge of implications of anesthesia is necessary. Airway management may be challenging given macrocephaly and accumulation of lymphangiomatous tissue in the oro/hypopharynx. This report describes a patient with typical features, nonreassuring external airway anatomy, and developmental delay, which precluded an awake airway management technique. The airway was secured with the use of high-flow nasal oxygen and videolaryngoscopy.
Recovery From Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Is Associated With Increasing Alpha Power in the Frontal Electroencephalogram During Propofol Sedation: A Case Report
Authors: Guay Christian S. , Bean Christopher D. , Kwon Ohyoon , Brown Emery N.
Published: July 2023

The effects of critical illness on electroencephalographic (EEG) signatures of sedatives have not been described, limiting the use of EEG-guided sedation in the intensive care unit (ICU). We report the case of a 36-year-old man recovering from acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Severe ARDS was characterized by slow-delta (0.1–4 Hz) and theta (4–8 Hz) oscillations but lacked the alpha (8–14 Hz) power expected during propofol sedation in a patient of this age. The alpha power emerged as ARDS resolved. This case raises the question of whether inflammatory states can alter EEG signatures during sedation.
La lucha contra la trata de esclavos en el Caribe: Los Tribunales del Vicealmirantazgo británicos, 1807–1825
Authors: Bachero Bachero Juan Luis
Published: July 2023

La lucha británica contra la trata de esclavos tuvo un punto clave y bien conocido en Sierra Leona, pero hubo otros tribunales en distintas colonias británicas del Caribe por los que pasaron miles de esclavos. Su ubicación les otorgó una mayor versatilidad, así que no actuaron únicamente contra la esclavización de africanos, sino que liberaron a esclavos huidos de otras colonias y persiguieron la pequeña trata intercaribeña y los traslados de esclavos no debidamente documentados. El artículo explica la actividad de los Tribunales del Vicealmirantazgo (Vice-Admiralty Courts), esenciales para entender la estructura británica de lucha contra la trata entre 1807 y 1817. Asimismo, explica su organización posterior a 1817 a través de las Comisiones Mixtas, sucesoras de los tribunales caribeños y cuya configuración estuvo muy condicionada por éstos. En el caso de las Comisiones Mixtas, la centralización les otorgó mayor eficiencia en su cometido y su ubicación fuera de las posesiones británicas les permitió deshacerse de la presencia indeseada de emancipados.
First application of environmental eDNA for detecting the presence of the European eel [Anguilla anguilla, (Linnaeus, 1758)] in the Adriatic, as a basis for conservation remarks
Authors: VUCIĆ MATEJ , JELIĆ DUSAN , KLOBUČAR GORAN , PAVLINEC ŽELJKO , GHRIB FEITOUMATT LEMATT , JARAK MATEA , BAUDRY THOMAS , GALOV ANA
Published: July 2023

Anguilla anguilla, the European eel, is an important species for aquaculture and fisheries. Its population has dropped dramatically in recent decades, reaching an all-time low. As a result, it has been listed as critically endangered on the IUCN Red List of Endangered Species since 2007. Therefore, constant population monitoring is essential to ensure the survival of this iconic species. Glass eel recruitment is declining worldwide, including the populations in the Mediterranean region. Despite the negative impact of man-made activities in Mediterranean coastal waters over the past few decades, data on spawning biomass escaping from the Mediterranean highlights the region’s importance for the global eel supply. Eel research and monitoring is done using conventional techniques, which have certain drawbacks. Therefore, the use of molecular-based detection as a credible choice for monitoring species in aquatic ecosystems was recently shown to be an effective management plan alternative. We present the first use of environmental DNA for monitoring eel populations in the Adriatic Sea and in the complex Dinaric karst freshwater ecosystem. The method has been demonstrated to be accurate and useful for detecting the presence of A. anguilla eDNA and identifying conservation areas. This is also the first study investigating the range and presence of the European eel in the Adriatic and in the Mediterranean Sea, as well as in underground karst systems, springs, and in the karst poljes of the Eastern Adriatic coast.
Bilateral preventive mastectomy as a preventive method of breast cancer in the opinion of women
Authors: Olejniczak-Nowakowska Małgorzata , Trocha Weronika , Krupa-Kotara Karolina , Grajek Mateusz
Published: July 2023

Background

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women. Despite of the progress of medicine and develop of treatment, it is still the second couse of death among women. To reduce the risk of getting breast cancer, the more ofen teratement is "preventive mastectomies" which completely remove the breast gland by healty women that are in the "high risk" group.

Material and Methods

To conduct the research I develop a survey, written by my own. The study included 252 women from Poland over the age of 18.

Results

The opinion about the performance of preventive mastectomies in case of women in "high risk" was very diverse. Only 13% of interviewees were convinced that they would have the surgery and up to 29% could not give an answer. Most woman (86%) are convinced that breast cancer is genetically determined. That mastectomy can be a way to prevent breast cancer agrees 69% of respondents. More than half of respondents (52%) don't know if such surgery is in Poland available. Only half of the respondents could indicate the place where an examination of an increased risk of breast cancer can be made (49%). 81% of respondents examine there breasts at least with one method, and 19% did not check it at all.

Conclusions

The knowledge about the heredity of cancer and the availability of treatments is insufficient. Women are not convinced that they would have gone to radical preventive treatment, and they are afraid of many consequences connected with it. It is essential to educate the public including the medical stuff in this scope. It is also important that the patient together with his doctor examined all the possible options for limiting the risk of cancer.
Vitamin D – knowledge among people about its properties and effects based on anonymous surveys
Authors: Grużewska Agnieszka , Grużewska-Piotrowska Kinga
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Vitamin D is produced under the influence of solar radiation. It can also be supplied in food or dietary supplements. The assessment of total serum 25(OH)D is widely accepted as an indicator of vitamin D concentration and observation of the population regarding hypovitaminosis or recommendations regarding supplementation. In fact, the definition of vitamin D deficiency is still a contentious issue, however, epidemiological data indicate that vitamin D deficiency is widespread worldwide, including Poland.

The aim of the study: The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge of people about supplementation and the effects of vitamin D, its deficiency and consumed nutrients, in which it is found, based on anonymous surveys.

Materials and methods: The research material was collected using an anonymous online survey in April and May 2023. The obtained results were analyzed and verified on the basis of scientific literature and statistically processed using Microsoft Office Excel.

Results: 47.3% of the respondents take dietary supplements with vitamin D, but 76% of these people do not know the dose they are taking. More than half of them declare knowledge of the function of vitamin D3, of which 70.3% of respondents correlate the effect of cholecalciferol with the skeletal system. 50.2% of people eat fish rarely or not at all. 68.5% of respondents claim that vitamin D should be supplemented with vitamin K to be effective.

Discussion and conclusions: Less than half of the respondents take preparations containing vitamin D. Few people know the full use of vitamin D in the body and its multidirectionality. More than half of the respondents do not know the effects of hypovitaminosis D. Prevention of vitamin D deficiency should be reintroduced due to lifestyle changes, e.g. after the COVID-19 pandemy.

Keywords: vitamin D, hypovitaminosis, cholecalciferol, calcium
Hyaluronic acid and its use in non-hormonal therapy for the treatment of vaginal atrophy and the level of awareness about the disease itself among the women from the Podkarpackie Voivodeship
Authors: Glac Agata , Musz Kinga , Dobko Katarzyna , Frącz Gabriela , Kuliga Klaudia , Sejnowska Natalia , Socha Agnieszka , Surowiec Agata , Śnieżek Kinga , Zając Anna
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Hyaluronic acid is the ingredient contained in the composition that has the ability to bind water, found in the cornea, synovial fluid and cartilage stroma. Its properties are suitable for use in an increasing range of fields, both aesthetic and in treatments focusing on the treatment of vaginal atrophy.
Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to collect and analyze publications on the use of hyaluronic acid in the treatment of vaginal atrophy and assessment of the level of knowledge among women about this disease.
Materials and methods: The research material was collected using an anonymous online survey. The obtained results were analyzed and verified on the basis of scientific literaturę and statistically processed using Microsoft Office Excel.
Results: 59,7% of the respondents knew the term "vaginal atrophy" and 64,2% were able to correctly determine which of the hormones (estrogen) is the main cause of this condition. 59,7% of women indicated that they regularly undergo examinations and perform cytology every year, 29,9% indicated that they have examinations and visits "once in 2 years", 6% - "once in 3 years", the answers "less than once in 3 years” was given by 4,5% of the respondents. 85,7% of the surveyed women have never noticed any symptoms of vaginal atrophy and 85,9% believe that there are effective forms of treating this disorder.
Conclusions: Awareness among women about vaginal atrophy, both those with medical education and women in other professions, is at a moderate level. Many women do not talk to their doctor about this not because of the feeling of shame, but also because of the lack of information and preventive measures. The progressive nature of vaginal atrophy should encourage clinicians to routinely engage in an open dialogue with patients about genitourinary health.
La quimérica conciliación en los conflictos individuales de Seguridad Social
Authors: Martínez Martínez Verónica Lidia
Published: July 2023

Partiendo de las divergencias entre los conflictos laborales y los conflictos individuales de Seguridad Social y con el apoyo de los métodos analítico y comparado, este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la institución de la conciliación prejudicial en los conflictos individuales de Seguridad Social, cuya interposición y tramitación bajo las normas del procedimiento de conciliación instaurado en la legislación laboral para dilucidar los conflictos entre trabajadores y patrones, principalmente por la anomia constitucional que impera en el reconocimiento de las controversias de Seguridad Social y en la falta de competencia e incapacidad de la autoridad que ha asumido la labor de resolverlas aunada a la imposibilidad de transigir los derechos de Seguridad Social, se imposibilita la celebración de un acuerdo conciliatorio en los conflictos individuales de Seguridad Social en el sistema jurídico mexicano.
Algunas consideraciones en materia de prevención de riesgos laborales para los empleados de hogar al Real Decreto-Ley 16/2022, de 6 de septiembre, para la mejora de las condiciones de trabajo y de Seguridad Social de las personas trabajadoras al servicio del hogar. Pinceladas de propuestas básicas sobre su aplicación.
Authors: Méndez Úbeda María Cristina
Published: July 2023

Con la entrada en vigor del Real Decreto-Ley 16/2022, de 6 de septiembre, para la mejora de las condiciones de trabajo y de Seguridad Social de las personas trabajadoras al servicio del hogar, se ha eliminado el artículo por el cual no se aplicaba la Ley de Prevención de Riesgos Laborales (LPRL) al colectivo objeto de análisis e introducido algunas reformas, pendiente de desarrollo reglamentario. En este trabajo abordamos el contenido preventivo de riesgos laborales de la norma, y hasta qué punto es posible una aplicación íntegra de la LPRL tras la publicación de dicho Real Decreto Ley y qué cuestiones a nuestro juicio deberían tener una nueva regulación o introducir matizaciones al respecto para adaptarse al conjunto de personas empleadas en el hogar.
Atención sanitaria a personas extranjeras con ocasión de la pandemia del COVID 19: análisis comparativo con especial referencia a la situación fronteriza de Ceuta.
Authors: Alami Samra Mohamed , Hamed Buzzian Fatima
Published: July 2023

La gestión de la pandemia a nivel global ha precisado de políticas de intervención en todos los ámbitos para dar una respuesta coherente en la que se incluye la coordinación transfronteriza. En este trabajo se pretende analizar cuál ha sido el impacto que han tenido las medidas Covid-19 en los espacios fronterizos de España, especialmente los de Ceuta con Marruecos, Extremadura con Portugal y Fuenterrabía, los Pirineos y Andorra con Francia. Por su parte, también se pretende comparar cómo se ha prestado la asistencia sanitaria a los trabajadores transfronterizos, así como observar cómo ha variado esa asistencia en los diferentes servicios sanitarios de Ceuta en los que se atendían. Las políticas sociales deben garantizar los derechos de facto de las personas migrantes en situaciones de especial vulnerabilidad, así como responder a los principios de igualdad y universalidad a su acceso, por lo que se han de reformular las bases que lo regulan y afianzar su estabilidad.
Control of Dual-Sourcing Inventory Systems Using Recurrent Neural Networks
Authors: Böttcher Lucas , Asikis Thomas , Fragkos Ioannis
Published: July 2023

A key challenge in inventory management is to identify policies that optimally replenish inventory from multiple suppliers. To solve such optimization problems, inventory managers need to decide what quantities to order from each supplier given the net inventory and outstanding orders so that the expected backlogging, holding, and sourcing costs are jointly minimized. Inventory management problems have been studied extensively for more than 60 years, and yet even basic dual-sourcing problems, in which orders from an expensive supplier arrive faster than orders from a regular supplier, remain intractable in their general form. In addition, there is an emerging need to develop proactive, scalable optimization algorithms that can adjust their recommendations to dynamic demand shifts in a timely fashion. In this work, we approach dual sourcing from a neural network–based optimization lens and incorporate information on inventory dynamics and its replenishment (i.e., control) policies into the design of recurrent neural networks. We show that the proposed neural network controllers (NNCs) are able to learn near-optimal policies of commonly used instances within a few minutes of CPU time on a regular personal computer. To demonstrate the versatility of NNCs, we also show that they can control inventory dynamics with empirical, nonstationary demand distributions that are challenging to tackle effectively using alternative, state-of-the-art approaches. Our work shows that high-quality solutions of complex inventory management problems with nonstationary demand can be obtained with deep neural network optimization approaches that directly account for inventory dynamics in their optimization process. As such, our research opens up new ways of efficiently managing complex, high-dimensional inventory dynamics.

History: Accepted by Ram Ramesh, Area Editor for Data Science & Machine Learning.

Funding: This work was supported by Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (NCCR Automation) [Grant P2EZP2 191888] and the Army Research Office [Grant W911NF-23-1-0129].

Supplemental Material: The software that supports the findings of this study is available within the paper and its Supplemental Information ( https://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/suppl/10.1287/ijoc.2022.0136 ) as well as from the IJOC GitHub software repository ( https://github.com/INFORMSJoC/2022.0136 ). The complete IJOC Software and Data Repository is available at https://informsjoc.github.io/ .
Development and Validation of HPTLC SIAM for Furosemide and Spironolactone
Authors: Vanjari Suvarna S. , Deshmukh Tushar A.
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT: "Diuretics," like spirolactone and furosemide, help the kidneys eliminate excess water. It also reduces fluid-induced hypertension and maintains blood potassium levels. Both Furosemide (FRU) and Spironolactone (SPL) can be measured at the same time with the help of HPTLC chromatographic method that have been shown to be very selective and accurate. There are a number of causes of edema, and FRU can help with all of them, including hepatic cirrhosis, chronic congestive heart failure, and excessive blood pressure. Heart failure and ascites caused by hepatic diseases are commonly treated with spironolactone due to its properties as an aldosterone antagonist and potassium-sparing diuretic. HPTLC methods were developed in this research to determine FRU and SPL simultaneously without using the solvents generally needed in chromatographic procedures. The proposed HPTLC approach stood out as an analytical method for quality control laboratories due to its speed, low cost, and ability to concurrently determine the target chemicals with a small number of solvents. The selectivity, accuracy, and reproducibility of the procedures for the simultaneous determination of the pure and mixed drug forms studied were further confirmed by statistical analysis.
Combined Greater and Lesser Tuberosity Fracture of Proximal Humerus with Intact Humeral Head and Shaft – A Case Report
Authors: Yadav Amit Kumar , Gawhale Sangeet , Panchal Sameer , Akshay K S , Mohanty Tapas
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Combined fracture of greater and lesser tuberosity is an extremely rare injury. Such fracture pattern has not been described in the Neer’s, AO Muller, and Jakob’s classification system. Case Presentation:We report a unique fracture pattern consisting of combined greater and lesser tuberosity of the proximal humerus (PH) with intact humeral head and shaft in a 32-year-old female. Routine radiographs and computed tomography scan with three-dimensional reconstruction were advised for better understanding of the fracture pattern, later managed by open reduction and fixation with PH locking plate. The patient has excellent clinical, radiological, and functional outcome at the end of 2 years follow-up. Conclusion: This is one among the few case reports highlighting this unique variant of PH fracture, not much has been described in the literature about this injury. Anatomic reconstruction of the fractured tuberosities combined with stable construct by PH locking plate facilitates optimum bone healing and aggressive shoulder rehabilitation. Keywords: Greater tuberosity, humeral head, lesser tuberosity, proximal humerus fracture.`
Extraforaminal Stenosis at L2–L3 Treated with Microendoscopic Surgery: Report of Two Cases
Authors: Tsukamoto Arihiko , Oyama Akimitsu , Yoshimoto Mitsunori , Iba Kousuke , Yamashita Toshihiko
Published: July 2023

Introduction:The many cases of far-out syndrome that have been reported have involved extraforaminal stenosis at L5–S1. We report two cases of extremely rare extraforaminal stenosis at L2–L3. Case Report 1:A 59-year-old man presented with a 1/2-year history of the right leg pain. Radiological examination revealed stenosis of the right L2 spinal nerve between the osteophyte of the vertebral body and the L3 right transverse process. The right L2 spinal nerve was decompressed with microendoscopic surgery. Postoperatively, the pain in the right lower extremity was relieved. Case Report 2:An 80-year-old man presented with a ½-year history of the right leg pain. He had undergone posterior lumbar fusion (L4–L5 and L5–S1) approximately 30 years earlier. Radiological examination revealed stenosis of the right L2 spinal nerve between the osteophyte of the vertebral body and the L3 right transverse process. The right L2 spinal nerve was decompressed with microendoscopic surgery. Postoperatively, the patient had no symptoms and his course over the next 6 months was good. Conclusions:In both cases, we performed microendoscopic decompression of the L2 spinal nerve with good post-operative results. In both our patients, extraforaminal stenosis was caused by osteophytes that formed as a result of degenerative spondylosis. Keywords: Osteophyte, extraforaminal stenosis, upper-middle lumbar spine, microendoscopic decompression.
Molar Tooth in the Knee – A Case of Simultaneous Medial and Lateral Bucket Handle Tear with Arthroscopic Correlation and a Review of Literature
Authors: Chandra Abhishek , Azam Md. Quamar , Agarwal Aakanksha
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Simultaneous bucket handle tear of both lateral and medial menisci is a rarely encountered entity. MR imaging helps in pre-operative diagnosis for optimal operative planning. However, as this condition is not seen in routine practice, awareness of various imaging signs is essential to identify this condition. Few signs on coronal and sagittal images have been described in the literature but none so far on axial images. Case Presentation:We propose a novel “molar tooth sign” in the knee on axial MRI images, in which we identified in the case of a young male with recurrent knee locking after a fall from height. Conclusion: Different modes of injury can lead to different patterns of meniscal and ligament tears. Having an allied sign which is, furthermore, easy to imagine will help, not only the radiologists but also the surgeons, to identify rare types of meniscal tears similar to the index case. Keywords:Bicompartmental bucket handle tear, molar tooth, arthroscopy of knee, meniscal repair.
Simple Bone Cyst (Benign Osteolytic Lesion) of 1st Metacarpal: A Rare Case Report
Authors: Yogi Lokesh Kumar , Mate Gaurav B , Mahi Gagandeep
Published: July 2023

Introduction:A benign cystic lesion, the simple bone cyst (unicameral/essential bone cyst), it may be found in any long bone (most commonly found in femur and proximal humerus), usually in immature skeletal persons. Metacarpal simple bone cyst is an exceedingly rare occurrence and few treatment options have been described for the same. Case Report: A 42-year-old manual laborer male (right hand dominant) came with history of trivial trauma to right hand thumb with hammer. He complained of mild swelling and pain since trauma. On imaging the right hand, an expansive lytic lesion was seen in the metaphyseo-diahyseal region of the first metacarpal. There was thinning of the cortex with break in cortex visible at mid diaphyseal region. There was absence of any soft-tissue involvement or periosteal reaction. Magnetic resonance imaging reported a T2 hyperintense and T1 isointense benign osteolytic lesion with pathological fracture. On aspiration, a reddish tinged fluid was found. A closed fixation was performed with the help of an intramedullary k-wire. Conclusion:Simple bone cyst, although rare in metacarpal bone, is an important differential diagnosis in cases with cystic lesion. Simple bone cyst, although a benign lesion, can cause extensive involvement of the metacarpal bones and destroy the entire diaphysis. It requires adequate treatment which is simple and effective. Keywords:Simple bone cyst, K-wire, metacarpal.
Vortex array generation based on quasi-Talbot effects
Authors: Li JiaoHui , Li FaJing , Chen KeLi , Yu Lin , Chen Xiang , Qian Xin , Ma Jun , Yuan CaoJin
Published: July 2023

A lens-less method for generating vortex arrays with tunable parameters is proposed based on quasi-Talbot effects. By illuminating a two-dimensional periodic sinusoidal grating with a vortex beam carrying a fourth-order cross-phase, the continuous vortex array structure can be generated in the Fresnel diffraction region. Due to the shaping effect of the fourth-order cross-phase on the vortex beam, by changing the constant parameter of the fourth-order cross-phase, it is possible to shape the generation of optical vortex arrays at different positions. This will somewhat broaden the flexibility of the lens-free optical vortex array in terms of generation position. In addition, the generation of polygonal optical vortex arrays is achieved by higher-order cross-phases of different orders. This technique has potential applications in various fields such as optical tweezers, multi-particle screening, microscopic manipulation, etc.
High-power laser beam shaping using a metasurface for shock excitation and focusing at the microscale
Authors: Kai Yun , Lem Jet , Ossiander Marcus , Meretska Maryna L. , Sokurenko Vyacheslav , Kooi Steven E. , Capasso Federico , Nelson Keith A. , Pezeril Thomas
Published: July 2023

Achieving high repeatability and efficiency in laser-induced strong shock wave excitation remains a significant technical challenge, as evidenced by the extensive efforts undertaken at large-scale national laboratories to optimize the compression of light element pellets. In this study, we propose and model a novel optical design for generating strong shocks at a tabletop scale. Our approach leverages the spatial and temporal shaping of multiple laser pulses to form concentric laser rings on condensed matter samples. Each laser ring initiates a two-dimensional focusing shock wave that overlaps and converges with preceding shock waves at a central point within the ring. We present preliminary experimental results for a single ring configuration. To enable high-power laser focusing at the micron scale, we demonstrate experimentally the feasibility of employing dielectric metasurfaces with exceptional damage threshold, experimentally determined to be 1.1 J/cm2, as replacements for conventional optics. These metasurfaces enable the creation of pristine, high-fluence laser rings essential for launching stable shock waves in materials. Herein, we showcase results obtained using a water sample, achieving shock pressures in the gigapascal (GPa) range. Our findings provide a promising pathway towards the application of laser-induced strong shock compression in condensed matter at the microscale.
Enhanced photoluminescence of double perovskite Cs2SnI6 nanocrystals via Na+ doping
Authors: Wei Haoming , Si Tingyu , Xu Fan , Fan Wuyang , Yang Tengzhou , Cao Bingqiang , Juan Fangying , Xu Jun , Wu Yangqing
Published: July 2023

Double perovskites without lead element have attracted great attention in recent years. Further increasing the photoluminescence quantum yield of lead-free double perovskites is necessary for their potential applications. In this work, Na+ doped Cs2SnI6 nanocrystals were synthesized by hot injection method. It was displayed that all the NCs have uniform hexagonal shape with good crystallization. Energy dispersing spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy proves the Na+ ions were doped in the lattice of perovskite structure. The photoluminescence intensity of doped NCs is increased by 2.7-fold than that of pure NCs. A maximum photoluminescence quantum yield of 72% is obtained. The luminous mechanism was investigated by femtosecond transient absorption spectrum and a self-trap emission was proved by the observation of ground state bleaching and photo-induced absorption signals.
Optical design of a monolithic compressed folding imaging lens for infrared/laser dual-band
Authors: Zhang Chengran , Piao Mingxu , Xie Yafeng , Zhao Yuanming , Niu Qun , Wang Zhe , Ma Dechao
Published: July 2023

In order to realize the miniaturization of the dual-band system, the monolithic compressed folding imaging lens (CFIL) is designed for infrared/laser dual-band in this paper. The relationship among the back focal length, field of view, pupil diameter, and central obscuration of the CFIL are derived. The design method of the dual-band CFIL is given, and the stray light of the CFIL can be suppressed by the double-layer hood structure. According to the design method of the CFIL, the infrared/laser dual-band can be applied by a monolithic optical element. The design results show that the minimum MTF for all fields of view in the infrared band is greater than 0.125 at 42lp/mm, the spot uniformity in the laser band is greater than 90%, and the total system length is only 0.305 times the focal length. After tolerance analysis, the MTF of CFIL is greater than 0.1, and the spot diagram is less than 880µm. The working temperature of the system is -20∼50°C, and the compensation distance is given. After stray light optimization, The point source transmittance (PST) value in the infrared band is reduced by 2 to 4 orders of magnitude, and the PST value in the laser band is reduced by 1 to 5 orders of magnitude. Compared with the traditional coaxial reflective system, the infrared/laser dual-band CFIL has only one lens, and the optical structure is compact. It provides a new idea for the integration and miniaturization of the multi-band system.
Optofluidic zoom system with increased field of view and less chromatic aberration
Authors: Li Lin , Xie Na , Li Jia-Qi , Fu Jing-Yi , Liu Shu-Bin , Wang Li-Hui , Li Yu-Hai , Li Lei
Published: July 2023

Imaging systems are widely used in many fields. However, there is an inherent compromise between field of view (FOV) and resolution. In this paper, we propose an optofluidic zoom system with increased FOV and less chromatic aberration, which can realize switching between large FOV and high resolution. The proposed system consists of a liquid prism, a zoom objective, an image sensor and image processing module, which can realize optical zoom and deflection. The proposed system achieves non-mechanical optical zoom from f = 40.5 mm to f = 84.0 mm. Besides, the angular resolution of zoom objective is up to 26"18 at f = 84.0 mm. The deflection range is ±10°, and the whole FOV of proposed system can reach up to 30.3°. The proposed system is compact and easy to machine. In addition, we reduce chromatic aberration produced by the liquid prism significantly. The proposed system can be used in monitor system, target tracking system, telescope system and so on.
Temporal characteristics of stationary switching waves in a normal dispersion pulsed-pump fiber cavity
Authors: Macnaughtan Matthew , Erkintalo Miro , Coen Stéphane , Murdoch Stuart , Xu Yiqing
Published: July 2023

Kerr cavities driven in the normal dispersion regime are known to host switching waves. These consist of a traveling wavefront that connects separate regions associated with high- and low-intensity steady states of the cavity. In this Letter, we drive a 230-m custom built fiber ring cavity with strong normal dispersion using nanosecond pulses, allowing us to directly resolve the fine structure of individual switching waves, including resonant oscillations occurring over periods of the order of ∼10 ps. We demonstrate the intimate connection between the temporal and spectral features of the dispersive waves associated with switching waves, while also investigating how these dispersive waves evolve with cavity parameters, namely the frequency detuning and pump desynchronization. Furthermore, by applying a localized and temporary perturbation to our driving field in the presence of a phase modulation trapping potential, we are able to generate a stable and persistent dark pulse, allowing us to directly observe and model the interlocking of two stationary switching waves under quasi-CW pumping conditions. These results further verify the accuracy of the dispersive wave formalism used, and show that their temporal modulation frequency and decay rate in a pulsed-pumped cavity are accurately captured from theory previously applied to CW-pumped systems.
Droplet sizing in atomizing sprays using polarization ratio with structured laser illumination planar imaging
Authors: Stiti Mehdi , Garcia Sebastien , Lempereur Christine , Doublet Pierre , Kristensson Elias , Berrocal Edouard
Published: July 2023

Previous research has shown that the polarization ratio technique allows the characterization of the surface mean diameter, D21, of droplets forming dilute sprays. However, its application to optically dense sprays has posed significant challenges due to the presence of multiple light scattering. Additionally, errors in measurement can arise from the angular dependence of the signal. In this Letter, we present a novel, to the best of our knowledge, method that addresses these challenges. Our approach combines the use of a telecentric objective with structured laser illumination, to both optimize light detection and suppress the unwanted intensity from multiple scattering. This approach enables the utilization of the polarization ratio technique for measuring the droplet size of challenging atomizing sprays. The method offers a promising solution for accurate and comprehensive spray characterization. It is applied, here, to a hollow-cone water spray running at 30, 50, and 70 bar injection pressure, reaching an optical depth up to three.
Frequency-encoded two-photon excited fluorescence microscopy
Authors: Heuke Sandro , Silva Martins Carla , André Rémi , LeGoff Loic , Rigneault Hervé
Published: July 2023

Two-photon excited fluorescence (2PEF) microscopy is the most popular non-linear imaging method of biomedical samples. State-of-the art 2PEF microscopes use multiple detectors and spectral filter sets to discriminate different fluorophores based on their distinct emission behavior (emission discrimination). One drawback of 2PEF is that fluorescence photons outside the filter transmission range are inherently lost, thereby reducing the imaging efficiency and speed. Furthermore, emission discrimination of different fluorophores may fail if their emission profiles are too similar. Here, we present an alternative 2PEF method that discriminates fluorophores based on their excitation spectra (excitation discrimination). For excitation we use two lasers of different wavelengths (ω1, ω2) resulting in excitation energies at 2ω1, 2ω2, and the mixing energy ω1+ω2. Both lasers are frequency encoded (FE) by an intensity modulation at distinct frequencies while all 2PEF emission is collected on a single detector. The signal is fed into a lock-in-amplifier and demodulated at various frequencies simultaneously. A customized nonnegative matrix factorization (NNMF) then generates fluorescence images that are free of cross talk. Combining FE-2PEF with multiple detectors has the potential to enable the simultaneous imaging of an unprecedented number of fluorophores.
Flatband polaritonic router in twisted bilayer van der Waals materials
Authors: Lv Haoran , Bai Yihua , Zhang Qing , Yang Yuanjie
Published: July 2023

In recent years, van der Waals (vdW) polaritons excited by the hybrid of matter and photons have shown great promise for applications in nanoimaging, biosensing, and on-chip light guiding. In particular, polaritons with a flatband dispersion allow for mode canalization and diffractionless propagation, which showcase advantages for on-chip technologies requiring long-range transportation of optical information. Here, we propose a flatband polaritonic router based on twisted α-MoO3 bilayers, which allows for on-chip routing of highly confined and low-loss phonon polaritons (PhPs) along multichannel propagating paths under different circular polarized dipole excitations. Our work combines flatband physics and optical spin– orbit coupling, with potential applications in nanoscale light propagation, on-chip optical switching, and communication.
Fabry-Perot Bragg Grating Nanoresonator with Ultrahigh Intrinsic Q Based on Low-loss Silicon Nitride
Authors: Dagenais Mario , Zhang Yang , Veilleux Sylvain
Published: July 2023

Photonic integrated circuits based on ultralow loss silicon nitride waveguides have shown significant promise for realizing high-performance optical systems in a compact and scalable form factor. For the first time, we have developed a Fabry-Perot Bragg grating nanoresonator based on silicon nitride on silicon dioxide platform with an ultra-high intrinsic quality factor of 19.3 million. By combining the introduction of tapered grating between cavity and periodic Bragg grating, increasing the width of cavity to multi-mode region and optimized annealing strategy for Si3N4 film, the propagation loss is reduced to around 0.014 dB/cm. Fabry-Perot Bragg grating nanoresonator can be easily implemented in a simple straight waveguide occupying a minimal amount of space. Therefore, it is a key component to build a high performance photonic integrated circuit for many applications.
Supra-orbital whiskers act as wind-sensing antennae in rats
Authors: Mugnaini Matias , Mehrotra Dhruv , Davoine Federico , Sharma Varun , Mendes Ana Rita , Gerhardt Ben , Concha-Miranda Miguel , Brecht Michael , Clemens Ann M.
Published: July 2023

We know little about mammalian anemotaxis or wind sensing. Recently, however, Hartmann and colleagues showed whisker-based anemotaxis in rats. To investigate how whiskers sense airflow, we first tracked whisker tips in anesthetized rats under low (0.5 m/s) and high (1.5 m/s) airflow. Whisker tips showed increasing movement from low to high airflow conditions, with all whisker tips moving during high airflow. Low airflow conditions—most similar to naturally occurring wind stimuli—engaged whisker tips differentially. Most whiskers moved little, but the long supra-orbital (lSO) whisker showed maximal displacement, followed by the α, β, and A1 whiskers. The lSO whisker differs from other whiskers in its exposed dorsal position, upward bending, length and thin diameter. Ex vivo extracted lSO whiskers also showed exceptional airflow displacement, suggesting whisker-intrinsic biomechanics mediate the unique airflow-sensitivity. Micro computed tomography (micro-CT) revealed that the ring-wulst—the follicle structure receiving the most sensitive afferents—was more complete/closed in the lSO, and other wind-sensitive whiskers, than in non-wind-sensitive whiskers, suggesting specialization of the supra-orbital for omni-directional sensing. We localized and targeted the cortical supra-orbital whisker representation in simultaneous Neuropixels recordings with D/E-row whisker barrels. Responses to wind-stimuli were stronger in the supra-orbital whisker representation than in D/E-row barrel cortex. We assessed the behavioral significance of whiskers in an airflow-sensing paradigm. We observed that rats spontaneously turn towards airflow stimuli in complete darkness. Selective trimming of wind-responsive whiskers diminished airflow turning responses more than trimming of non-wind-responsive whiskers. Lidocaine injections targeted to supra-orbital whisker follicles also diminished airflow turning responses compared to control injections. We conclude that supra-orbital whiskers act as wind antennae.
Systemic cisplatin increases the number of patients showing positive off-frequency masking audiometry
Authors: Hiraumi Harukazu , Oikawa Shin-ichi , Shiga Kiyoto , Sato Hiroaki
Published: July 2023

Objective

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of systemic cisplatin administration on off-frequency masking audiometry.

Methods

Among 26 patients receiving systemic cisplatin, 48 ears were included in the analysis. All patients underwent pure-tone audiometry with ipsilateral narrow-band masking noise (off-frequency masking audiometry). In the off-frequency masking audiometry, 70 dBHL band-pass noise (center frequency 1000 Hz, 1/3 octave bandwidth) was administered to the tested ear. The acquired thresholds were compared to those of standard pure-tone audiometry, and threshold elevations greater than 10 dB were regarded as significant. The number of patients showing abnormal threshold elevation was compared between before and after the cisplatin administration.

Results

Before cisplatin administration, 91.7, 93.8, 97.9, and 93.8% of ears showed normal off-frequency masking audiometry outcomes at 125, 250, 6000, and 8000 Hz, respectively. After cisplatin administration, a higher number of patients showed abnormal off-frequency masking audiometry outcomes. This change was more prominent with increasing doses of cisplatin. After the cisplatin administration of 100∼200 mg/m2, the prevalence of patients with normal off-frequency masking audiometry outcomes was 77.3, 70.5, 90.9, and 88.6% at 125, 250, 6000, and 8000 Hz, respectively. At 250 Hz, the change was statistically significant (p = 0.01, chi-squared test).
Three-dimensional nonlinear model of rock creep under freeze–thaw cycles
Authors: Wang Yanting , Wang Dong , Li Guanghe , Wang Laigui , Zhu Chun , Du Yongzhi , Zhou Zhiwei
Published: July 2023

In areas with large differences between day and night temperature, the freeze–thaw cycle and frost heaving force in rock mass generate cracks within the rock, which seriously threatens the stability and safety of geotechnical engineering structures and surrounding buildings. This problem can be solved by developing a reasonable model that accurately represents the rock creep behavior. In this study, we developed a nonlinear viscoelastic–plastic creep damage model by introducing material parameters and a damage factor while connecting an elastomer, a viscosity elastomer, a Kelvin element, and a viscoelastic–plastic element in series. One- and three-dimensional creep equations were derived, and triaxial creep data were used to determine the model parameters and to validate the model. The results showed that the nonlinear viscoelastic–plastic creep damage model can accurately describe rock deformation in three creep stages under freeze–thaw cycles. In addition, the model can describe the time-dependent strain in the third stage. Parameters G1, G2, and η20’ decrease exponentially with the increase in the number of freeze–thaw cycles while parameter λ increases exponentially. These results provide a theoretical basis for studying the deformation behavior and long-term stability of geotechnical engineering structures in areas with large diurnal temperature differences.
Changes in SUMO-modified proteins in Epstein-Barr virus infection identifies reciprocal regulation of TRIM24/28/33 complexes and the lytic switch BZLF1
Authors: De La Cruz-Herrera Carlos F. , Tatham Michael H. , Siddiqi Umama Z. , Shire Kathy , Marcon Edyta , Greenblatt Jack F. , Hay Ronald T. , Frappier Lori
Published: July 2023

SUMO modifications regulate the function of many proteins and are important in controlling herpesvirus infections. We performed a site-specific proteomic analysis of SUMO1- and SUMO2-modified proteins in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) latent and lytic infection to identify proteins that change in SUMO modification status in response to EBV reactivation. Major changes were identified in all three components of the TRIM24/TRIM28/TRIM33 complex, with TRIM24 being rapidly degraded and TRIM33 being phosphorylated and SUMOylated in response to EBV lytic infection. Further experiments revealed TRIM24 and TRIM33 repress expression of the EBV BZLF1 lytic switch gene, suppressing EBV reactivation. However, BZLF1 was shown to interact with TRIM24 and TRIM33, resulting in disruption of TRIM24/TRIM28/TRIM33 complexes, degradation of TRIM24 and modification followed by degradation of TRIM33. Therefore, we have identified TRIM24 and TRIM33 as cellular antiviral defence factors against EBV lytic infection and established the mechanism by which BZLF1 disables this defence.
Relación entre arquitectura del sueño y pronóstico global en pacientes con infarto cerebral total de circulación anterior
Authors: Guevara-Rodríguez Marbelys , Bosch-Rodriguez Bettsy Bell , Machado-Rojas Arlán
Published: July 2023

Los accidentes cerebrovasculares isquémicos conforman un grupo de afecciones de la vasculatura cerebral resultante de la oclusión de un vaso suplementario del encéfalo. Definir el pronóstico de estos pacientes durante la fase aguda, es un complejo ejercicio de estimación, pues intervienen diversos e interrelacionados factores. El objetivo del presente trabajo consiste en estimar la posible relación entre la Arquitectura del Sueño y el pronóstico clínico, vital y funcional de pacientes con Infarto Cerebral Total de la Circulación Anterior (ITCA) durante la fase aguda. Se realizó un estudio analítico, longitudinal, en 35 pacientes adultos con ITCA, desde marzo 2017–marzo 2018. El pronóstico global y sus categorías se evaluaron utilizando las escalas de NIHSS, Índice de Barthel y Rankin modificada. De la estadística inferencial se aplicaron el test de independencia basado en la distribución Chi-cuadrado y la prueba t de Student. Se utilizó la regresión logística para determinar si la duración de la fase REM del sueño se comportaba como un predictor pronóstico independiente. Los resultados arrojaron que la disminución del tiempo transcurrido en la fase REM, se relacionó muy significativamente con mayor riesgo de muerte (t=-7.28; p=0.000); su duración se correlacionó negativamente con el grado de déficit neurológico (r=-0.529; p=0.001), y con el nivel de incapacidad medido por la mRS a los 3 meses del Ictus (r=-0.903; p=0.000), demostrándose además una relación muy significativa y directa con las puntuaciones del IB (r=0.868; p=0.000). La disminución de una unidad en la duración del sueño REM, multiplica en 2.29 la posibilidad del resultado no favorable en estos pacientes. Se concluyó que las alteraciones de la Arquitectura del Sueño, especialmente las que implican disminución de la fase REM, impactan negativamente en la evolución de pacientes con ITCA a corto y a largo plazo.
Educación Postdigital: un enfoque desde la pedagogía crítica y mediática para un contexto post-COVID19
Authors: Escaño Carlos
Published: July 2023

El presente artículo se focaliza en una reflexión analítica, organizada y fundamentada sobre el concepto de lo postdigital en su relación con la educación dentro del contexto contemporáneo. Este ejercicio reflexivo sobre la idea de educación postdigital cobra protagonismo en su proyección hacia un estadio social post-COVID19 y por sus vínculos con las nociones de capitalismo bioinformacional y producción biopolítica de conocimientos. La pandemia del COVID-19 ha supuesto un punto de inflexión social, tal y como apuntan los informes técnicos de la Comisión Europea, e inaugura una época de desequilibrios encadenados que como sociedad debemos afrontar. Desde la institución académica mantenemos el desafío de comprender y transformar la acción educativa contemporánea en su conjunto, tanto online como offline. Este ensayo científico procura analizar las premisas de la lógica cultural presente que deriva del desarrollo político hegemónico y promover una perspectiva educativa coherente con los tiempos. El enfoque de las pedagogías postdigitales favorece un ejercicio de comprensión de la realidad y una propuesta crítica y transformadora de la misma. Un enfoque relacionado de manera integral con la preocupación por la formación docente, la praxis y la reflexión tanto comunicativas como pedagógicas, conectándose con los estudios educomunicativos y de educación mediática crítica y las múltiples alfabetizaciones.