bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Clinical Outcomes of Critically Ill Patients Using Inhaled Nitric Oxide (iNO) during Intrahospital Transport
Authors: Koyfman Leonid , Simchon Omri , Koyfman Anna , Mushaev Shoshana , Gruenbaum Benjamin F. , Gal Ron , Friger Michael , Arotsker Natan , Zlotnik Alexander , Klein Moti , Brotfain Evgeni
Published: May 2021

Critically ill patients with severe hypoxemia are often treated in the intensive care unit (ICU) with inhaled nitric oxide (iNO). These patients are at higher risk when they require intrahospital transportation. In this study, we collected clinical and laboratory data from 221 patients who were hospitalized in the general ICU and treated with iNO at Soroka Medical Center, Israel, between January 2010 and December 2019. We retrospectively compared the 65 patients who received iNO during intrahospital transportation to the 156 patients who received iNO without transportation. Among critically ill patients who were transported while being administered iNO, only one patient had an adverse event (atrial fibrillation) on transport. We found that maximal iNO dosage during ICU stay, duration of mechanical ventilation, and percent of vasopressor support were the only independent risk factors for ICU mortality in both study groups. No difference in primary outcome of ICU mortality rate was found between the critically ill patients treated with iNO during intrahospital transportation and those who were treated with iNO but not transported during the ICU stay. We anticipate that this study will advise clinical decision-making in the ICU, especially when treating patients who are administered iNO.
Lamellation Fractures in the Paleogene Continental Shale Oil Reservoirs in the Qianjiang Depression, Jianghan Basin, China
Authors: Zeng Lianbo , Shu Zhiguo , Lyu Wenya , Zhang Mingjing , Bao Hanyong , Dong Shaoqun , Chen Shuangquan , Xu Xiang
Published: May 2021

Based on the data of cores, thin sections, well logs, and test experiments, the characteristics and main controlling factors of lamellation fractures in continental shales of the third and fourth members of the Paleogene Qianjiang Formation in the Qianjiang Depression, Jianghan Basin, are studied. Lamellation fractures mainly develop along laminas in shales. They have various morphological characteristics such as straightness, bending, discontinuity, bifurcation, pinching out, and merging. Lamellation fractures with high density show poor horizontal continuity and connectivity characteristics. The average linear density of the lamellation fractures is mainly between 20 m-1 and 110 m-1, and the aperture is usually less than 160 μm. The density of lamellation fractures is related to their apertures. The smaller the apertures of lamellation fractures are, the higher the density is. The development degree of lamellation fractures is mainly controlled by mineral composition, type, thickness, density of lamination, contents of organic matter and pyrite, lithofacies, structural position, etc. Lamellation fractures develop well, especially under the conditions of medium dolomite content, large lamination density, small lamination thickness, and high total organic carbon (TOC) and pyrite contents. The influences of lithofacies on the lamellation fractures are complex. The lamellation fractures are most developed in carbonaceous layered limestone dolomite and carbonaceous layered dolomite mudstone, followed by stromatolite dolomite filled with carbonaceous pyroxene. The fractures in the massive argillaceous dolomites and carbonaceous massive mudstones are poorly developed. No fractures can be found in the carbonaceous dolomitic, argillaceous glauberites or salt rocks with high glauberite content. Structure is also an important factor controlling lamination fractures. Tectonic uplifts are beneficial to the expansion and extension of lamellation fractures, which increases fracture density. Therefore, when other influence factors are similar, lamellation fractures develop better in the high part of the structure than in the low part.
Synthesis, Characterization, and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Unsymmetrical Tetradentate Schiff Base Cu(II) and Fe(III) Complexes
Authors: Nguyen Quang Trung , Pham Thi Phuong Nam , Nguyen Van Tuyen
Published: May 2021

Unsymmetrical tetradentate Schiff base Fe(III) and Cu(II) complexes were prepared by the coordination of some unsymmetrical tetradentate Schiff base ligands with CuCl2·2H2O or FeCl3·6H2O. The obtained complexes were characterized by ESI-MS, IR, and UV-Vis. The spectroscopic data with typical signals are in agreement with the suggested molecular formulae of the complexes. Their cyclic voltammetric studies in acetonitrile solutions showed that the Cu(II)/Cu(I) and Fe(III)/Fe(II) reduction processes are at (−)1.882–(−) 1.782 V and at (−) 1.317–(−) 1.164 V, respectively. The in vitro cytotoxicity of obtained complexes was screened for KB and Hep-G2 human cancer cell lines. The results showed that almost unsymmetrical tetradentate Schiff base complexes have good cytotoxicity. The synthetic complexes bearing the unsymmetrical tetradentate Schiff base ligands with different substituted groups in the salicyl ring indicate different cytotoxicity. The obtained Fe(III) complexes are more cytotoxic than Cu(II) complexes and relative unsymmetric Schiff base ligands.
A Blockchain-Based Editorial Management System
Authors: Daraghmi Eman-Yaser , Abu Helou Mamoun , Daraghmi Yousef-Awwad
Published: May 2021

Research publications are reaching a stunning growth rate. Therefore, new challenges regarding managing the peer-review activities are presented, such as data security, privacy, integrity, fragmentation, and isolation. Further, because of the emergence of predatory journals and research fraud, there is a need to assess the quality of the peer-review process. This research proposes a fully functional blockchain-based editorial management system, namely, TimedChain, for managing the peer-review process from submission to publication. TimedChain provides secure, interoperable, transparent, and efficient access to manuscripts by publishers, authors, readers, and other third parties. Time-based smart contracts and advanced encryption techniques are employed for governing transactions, controlling access, and providing further security. An incentive mechanism that evaluates publishers’ value respecting their efforts at managing and maintaining research data and creating new blocks is introduced. Extensive experiments were conducted for performance evaluation. Results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed system in governing a large set of data at low latency.
[Retracted] Application of Bayesian Vector Autoregressive Model in Regional Economic Forecast
Authors: Ma Jinghao , Shang Yujie , Zhang Hongyan
Published: May 2021

The Bayesian vector autoregressive (BVAR) model introduces the statistical properties of variables as the prior distribution of the parameters into the traditional vector autoregressive (VAR) model, which can overcome the problem of too little freedom. The BVAR model established in this paper can overcome the problem of short time series data by using prior statistical information. In theory, it should have a good effect in China’s regional economic forecasting. Most regional forecasting model literature lacks out‐of‐sample forecasting error evaluation research in the real sense, but our early forecasts of major economic indicators provide an excellent opportunity for this paper to evaluate the actual forecast errors of the BVAR model in detail. The analysis in this paper shows that the prediction error of the BVAR model is very small and the prediction ability is very satisfactory. At the same time, this article also analyzes and points out the direction of efforts to further improve the prediction accuracy of the BVAR model.
[Retracted] Research on the Key Issues of Big Data Quality Management, Evaluation, and Testing for Automotive Application Scenarios
Authors: Wang Yingzi , Yu Ce , Hou Jue , Zhang Yongjia , Fang Xiangyi , Wu Shuyue
Published: May 2021

This paper provides an in‐depth analysis and discussion of the key issues of quality management, evaluation, and detection contained in big data for automotive application scenarios. A generalized big data quality management model and programming framework are proposed, and a series of data quality detection and repair interfaces are built to express the processing semantics of various data quality issues. Through this data quality management model and detection and repair interfaces, users can quickly build custom data quality detection and repair tasks for different data quality requirements. To improve the operational efficiency of complex data quality management algorithms in large‐scale data scenarios, corresponding parallelization algorithms are studied and implemented for detection and repair algorithms with long computation time, including priority‐based multiconditional function‐dependent detection and repair algorithms, entity detection, and extraction algorithms based on semantic information and chunking techniques, and plain Bayesian‐based missing value filling algorithms, and this paper proposes a data validity evaluation algorithm and enhances the validity of the original data in practical applications by adding temporal weights, and finally it passed the experimental validation. Through the comprehensive detection process of data importance, network busyness, duration of transmission process, and failure situation, the efficiency has been increased by 20%, and an adaptive data integrity detection method based on random algorithm and encryption algorithm is designed. After experimental verification, this method can effectively detect the integrity of the data transmission process and improve the application of data value, and the final effect is increased by 30.5%.
The Effects of M1/M2 Macrophages on the mRNA Expression Profile of Diabetic Glomerular Endothelial Cells
Authors: Li Yining , Yu Weihong , He Mingyue , Yuan Fang
Published: May 2021

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore the effects of M1/M2 macrophages on the mRNA expression profile of glomerular endothelial cells (GECs) treated with advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs). Methods: We cocultured M1/M2 macrophages and GECs treated with AGEs. The mRNA expression profile was detected by transcriptome sequencing. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis was performed using the online tool Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID). The expression of differential genes was confirmed using droplet digital PCR and Western blot. Results: The results showed that 1,337 genes were significantly changed in M2 cocultured with AGE-treated GECs compared to those of the M1 cocultured with AGE-treated GECs. The KEGG analysis results show that the differentially expressed genes are primarily involved in specific pathways, including the rat sarcoma signaling pathway and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. The expression of Braf, Fgfr2, Map3k1, and Mras, which are involved in the MAPK signaling pathway, was downregulated in cocultured M2 with AGE-treated GECs and was consistent with sequencing. Therefore, the cocultured M1/M2 macrophages with AGE-treated GECs can affect the expression of mRNA in GECs, and M2 macrophages via the MAPK signaling pathway may protect GECs from damage by AGEs. Conclusion: Coculturing M1/M2 macrophages and GECs treated with AGEs can affect the mRNA expression in GECs. M2 macrophages can inhibit the Braf, Fgfr2, Map3k1, Mras, and p-ERK expression in the MAPK signaling pathway, which may be related to M2 macrophages protecting GECs from damage by AGEs.
Deciphering the Pathogenic Nature of Two de novo Sequence Variations in a Patient with Shprintzen-Goldberg Syndrome
Authors: Srivastava Priyanka , Shende Shashank , Mandal Kausik
Published: May 2021

Shprintzen-Goldberg syndrome (SGS) is autosomal dominant disorder with features of craniosynostosis, distinctive craniofacial features, skeletal abnormalities, marfanoid body habitus, aortic dilatation, and intellectual disability. SGS is caused by mutations in the SKI gene, encoding the oncoprotein SKI, a repressor of TGFβ activity. We present the unusual molecular findings in a 12-year-old female child with SGS. There was co-occurrence of 2 heterozygous missense variations, c.346G>A (p.Gly116Arg) and c.687G>C (p.Lys229Asn), in exon 1 (hotspot) of the SKI gene, which makes this propositus different from all other patients reported in the literature. Both variants were found to be de novo. In silico analysis revealed that both of them are pathogenic, but later on, Gly116Arg was proven to be more pathogenic by various in silico prediction tools. c.687G>C (p.Lys229Asn) was found as a single report in ExAC in the South Asian population, but c.346G>A (p.Gly116Arg) is not reported anywhere, thereby making it a novel sequence variant in the SKI gene, giving rise to SGS. This case illustrates the issues regarding the importance and difficulties associated with the determination of the causative variations in a single-gene disorder.
Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation Lessens Acquired Dystonia: Report of Two Patients and Systematic Review of Published Cases
Authors: Guimarães Rocha Maria Sheila , Letícia de Freitas Julian , Torres Iara Amorim , Alves Matos Paula Camila , Terzian Paulo Roberto , Santos Tatsch João Fellipe , Godinho Fabio
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) is an efficient treatment of primary dystonia. Few studies have reported the effect of STN-DBS on secondary or acquired dystonia. Methods: We reported 2 patients with acquired dystonia treated by subthalamic DBS and followed up for 24 months, besides providing a systematic review and meta-analysis of published series. Results/Conclusions: Both patients had thalamic vascular or autoimmune lesions within the ventral and the pulvinar nuclei. A reduction of 67.2% on the Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale and 90% improvement in disability scores were shown in the first patient, while the second patient showed a lower reduction in both dystonia symptoms (28.6%) and disability scores (44%). Both patients had a significant mean improvement in the quality of life (62.5% in the first and 57.9% in the second) and were free of drugs postoperatively. A systematic review showed a mean follow-up of 13 months in 19 patients, including our 2 patients. The review showed a significant Burke-Fahn-Marsden Dystonia Scale (BFMDRS) score median reduction of 19 points (52.4%; confidence interval [CI]: 11.0–25.0) and a significant median reduction of 6 points in disability scores (44.5%; 95% CI: 4.0–14.0), thereby improving quality of life. Age at surgery was inversely correlated with postoperative improvement (r = 0.63; p = 0.039). Hemidystonia had a nonsignificant better improvement than generalized dystonia (55.3 vs. 43.5%; p = 0.4433). No association between etiology and postoperative improvement and no serious complications were found. Although few data reported so far, subthalamic DBS is likely efficient for acquired dystonia.
The Effect of Amiloride on Proteinuria in Patients with Proteinuric Kidney Disease
Authors: Shen Wen , Alshehri Mohammed , Desale Sameer , Wilcox Christopher
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Proteinuric kidney diseases share an aggressive clinical course of developing end-stage renal disease. However, the treatment is limited. Amiloride, an epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) inhibitor, was reported to reduce proteinuria in animal studies and case reports independent of ENaC inhibition. We hypothesized that amiloride not triamterene (an analog of amiloride) would reduce proteinuria in the patients with proteinuric kidney disease. Methods: Patients with proteinuria >1.0 g/day and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) >30 mL/min/1.73 m2 on a maximum tolerable dose of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers were randomized to receive amiloride 5 mg twice daily or triamterene 50 mg twice daily for 8 weeks, followed by 4 weeks of washout, and then crossed over to the other drug for 8 weeks. The primary outcome was 24-h urine protein reduction. Secondary outcomes were changes in body weight, blood pressure (BP), serum potassium, and eGFR. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance. Results: A total of 12 patients completed the study. Amiloride reduced 24-h urine protein by 38.7% (p = 0.002) and decreased systolic BP by 12.3 mm Hg (p = 0.04). Interestingly, triamterene reduced 24 h urine protein as well, by 32.8% (p = 0.02). Triamterene lowered eGFR by 9.0 mL/min/1.73 m2 (p = 0.007), but it was reversible. The average weight change was insignificant in both groups (p = 0.40 and 0.34 respectively). Three patients withdrew the study due to hyperkalemia. Conclusions: Both amiloride and triamterene significantly reduced proteinuria in patients with proteinuric kidney disease. The anti-proteinuric effect was additive to renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockade, given all patients were on RAAS blockade. Hyperkalemia was a safety concern. Larger trials might be needed to examine the antiproteinuric effects of ENaC inhibitors.
Dog Ownership in Early Life Increased the Risk of Nonatopic Asthma in Children
Authors: Park Min Jee , Lee So-Yeon , Song Kun Baek , Lee Si Hyeon , Choi Kil yong , Lee Ki Won , Jung Sungsu , Suh Dong In , Sheen Youn Ho , Kim Kyung Won , Ahn Kangmo , Hong Soo-Jong
Published: May 2021

Background: It is still debatable whether dog ownership during early childhood is a risk factor for the development of allergic diseases. Objective: We investigated the association of dog ownership in early life with sensitization and asthma in childhood. Methods: Data from the Cohort for Childhood Origin of Asthma and Allergic diseases were used to investigate the association between dog ownership at any time from pregnancy to 1 year of age and sensitization to aeroallergens at 3 and 7 years old, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), and asthma at 7 years old. We analyzed the cytokine levels in cord blood (CB) and indoor environmental measurement concentrations in the mother’s residence obtained at 36 weeks of pregnancy. Results: Sensitization to dogs at age 3 and 7 did not differ between dog ownership and nonownership, but dog ownership during early life decreased the risk of sensitization to aeroallergens at age 7 (aOR = 0.44, 95% CI 0.21–0.90). Dog ownership significantly increased the risk of nonatopic BHR (aOR = 2.86; 95% CI 1.32–6.21). In addition, dog ownership was associated with asthma, especially nonatopic asthma at 7 years old (aOR = 2.73, 95% CI 1.02–7.32; aOR = 7.05, 95% CI 1.85–26.90, respectively). There were no significant differences in the concentrations of IL-13 or interferon-γ in CB or indoor environmental measurements according to dog ownership during pregnancy. Conclusion: Early-life dog exposure in this birth cohort has been shown to reduce atopy but increase the risk of nonatopic BHR and nonatopic asthma at 7 years old.
Evaluation of Acute Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Using Enhanced Depth Imaging Optical Coherence Tomography and Multifocal Electroretinography
Authors: Hong In Hwan , Chang In Boem , Jeon Gang Seok , Han Jae Ryong
Published: May 2021

Introduction: The aim of the study was to evaluate functional and structural abnormalities in patients with acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) with multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) and enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). Methods: This prospective observational study included 57 patients with unilateral CSC. Both eyes underwent mfERG and EDI-OCT. Peak amplitudes and implicit times of the first kernel responses were analyzed and compared with those of 25 age-matched normal controls. Correlational analyses were performed between the mfERG results and EDI-OCT parameters. Results: Compared with the normal controls, the amplitude and implicit time on mfERG were significantly impaired in the area with serous retinal detachment (SRD) and the area beyond the SRD. Eyes with a greater reduction in SRD had a less impaired mfERG response in fellow eyes than those whose retinal detachments were not spontaneously decreased by >90% after 3 months. Correlational analysis revealed that the subfoveal choroidal thickness was negatively correlated with the mfERG parameters. Conclusions: The findings of this study indicate diffuse functional impairment in acute CSC involving both eyes and areas beyond the SRD. The retinal response of the unaffected eye was associated with regression of SRD. Functional retinal abnormality was found to correlate with pathological changes in the choroid.
Okuläre Nebenwirkungen systemischer Anti EGFR Therapie in der Onkologie
Authors: Bertelmann Eckart
Published: May 2021

Purpose: To report a case of cicatricial ectropion and madarosis with the use of anti-epidermal growth factor receptor medication panitumumab. Observations: An 82-year-old man with metastatic colorectal cancer presented with cicatricial ectropion and madarosis after starting panitumumab, an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor medication used to treat metastatic colorectal cancer. His findings resolved several weeks after discontinuation of panitumumab and treatment with lubrication and antibiotic/steroid ointment. Conclusion: This case demonstrates the importance to consider potential medication side effects when treating periocular conditions in patients taking anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) agents.
AML: Auf der Suche nach Risikofaktoren für die Anthrazyklin-induzierte Kardiomyopathie
Authors: Neuendorff Nina Rosa
Published: May 2021

Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) is linked to leukemia gene mutations and associates with an increased risk for coronary artery disease and poor prognosis in ischemic cardiomyopathy. Two recurrently mutated genes in CHIP and adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML) encode for isocitrate dehydrogenases 1 and 2 (IDH1 and IDH2). Global expression of mutant IDH2 in transgenic mice-induced dilated cardiomyopathy and muscular dystrophy. In this retrospective observational study, we investigated whether mutant IDH1/2 predisposes to cardiovascular disease in AML patients. Among 363 AML patients, IDH1 and IDH2 mutations were detected in 26 (7.2%) and 39 patients (10.7%), respectively. Mutant IDH1 patients exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of coronary artery disease (26.1% vs. 6.4%, p = 0.002). Applying inverse probability-weighting analysis, patients with IDH1/2 mutations had a higher risk for a declining cardiac function during AML treatment compared to IDH1/2 wild type patients [left ventricular ejection fraction pretreatment compared to 10 months after diagnosis: 59.2% to 41.9% (p < 0.001) vs 58.5% to 55.4% (p = 0.27), respectively]. Mechanistically, RNA sequencing and immunostaining in hiPS-derived cardiomyocytes indicated that the oncometabolite R-2HG exacerbated doxorubicin mediated cardiotoxicity. Evaluation of IDH1/2 mutation status may therefore help identifying AML patients at risk for cardiovascular complications during cytotoxic treatment.
Onkologische Zweitmeinung: Welche Rolle die Komplementärmedizin für die Patienten spielt
Authors: Witt Claudia M.
Published: May 2021

Introduction: Oncological second opinions are becoming increasingly important given more complex treatment strategies, simultaneously more patients use complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), and many comprehensive cancer centers initiate integrative medicine programs. The present study focuses on analyzing the effects of a second opinion in relation to attitudes toward CAM. Methods: In this prospective study patients (n = 97) with a diagnosis of breast cancer or gynecological malignancies who had requested a second opinion received a questionnaire before and after the second opinion concerning their attitudes toward CAM. Results: The majority of patients had breast cancer (72.2%, n = 70). Only 6.2% (n = 6) stated that they had been informed about CAM by the doctors who treated them first, 21.6% (n = 21) had received information about it when seeking the second opinion. After the first opinion, 42.3% (n = 41) wanted to try CAM, the same proportion trusted orthodox medicine alone. After the second opinion, 24 patients (24.7%) wanted to try CAM, while 38.1% (n = 37) relied exclusively on orthodox medicine. There was a significant correlation between an increased patients’ need for information and interest in CAM (p = 0.02). Conclusions: Today, aspects of CAM still are very often no part of oncological first and second opinions. This might hence lead to discouraging patients to try out CAM and therefore integrative medicine programs in comprehensive cancer centers might be problem-solving.
Individualidade e produção do feminino através da moda urbana Lolita
Authors: Rochedo Aline Lopes
Published: May 2021

Este texto resulta de um exercício etnográfico realizado junto a seguidores brasileiros da moda urbana Lolita, estilo japonês criado na década de 1970 e inspirado no vestuário de bonecas vitorianas combinado com elementos da cultura pop nipônica. A estética se difundiu a partir dos anos 1990. Exploro a experiência de vestir Lolita e, através desta, a percepção de si e a produção de individualidades associadas à performance de gênero. Procuro demonstrar como esta indumentária específica reitera o excesso como signo do feminino, mesmo quando usada sobre corpos de homens.
Políticas de la Música Bailable en Colombia: una aproximación al regionalismo ‘paisa’ a partir de sus estéticas musicales, dancísticas y festivas
Authors: Larraín América
Published: May 2021

Este artículo es el resultado de una investigación sobre la relación entre las estéticas musicales y dancísticas y el regionalismo en Colombia. Se trata de una aproximación al caso del departamento de Antioquia, cuyos habitantes son conocidos coloquialmente como ‘paisas’. Aquí, busco responder inquietudes sobre la forma en que determinadas maneras de hacer música, danzar y festejar, conforman un repertorio estético regional que se ha diseminado por el país, particularmente a partir de la década de 1960, construyendo lo que podría pensarse como un tipo de hegemonía corporal, que tiene despliegues políticos. En un primer momento, explico qué son los `paisas´, para después presentar el concepto ‘Música Bailable’, y, de esta forma, situarlo como punto de partida de la reflexión, siguiendo las descripciones de autores que han estudiado el tema con profundidad. En las siguientes secciones del artículo, busco mostrar cómo esa forma ‘paisa’ se ha diseminado a lo largo del país mediante la música, la danza y la fiesta, favoreciendo, lo que me parece, podría considerarse una hegemonía estética que se extiende al ámbito del ejercicio político. Finalmente, ofrezco algunas conclusiones abiertas para dar continuidad a las reflexiones aquí iniciadas, a partir de nuevas investigaciones e hipótesis que eventualmente puedan contribuir al tema.
O castelo animado e Pietà em aquarela: um estudo de emoções, luz e sombra
Authors: Verde Letícia Passarelli
Published: May 2021

O longa-metragem O Castelo Animado (2004) dirigido pelo cineasta Hayao Miyazaki, que apresenta uma trama fantástica, belos enquadramentos e ricos detalhes.
A aquarela foi elaborada tomando como referência o próprio longa, e a escolha pessoal mediante a admiração pelo detalhamento que o filme apresenta, trabalhando a reflexão, observação, sensibilidade de cores e emoções. Possui dimensão de 14,8 x 21,0 cm, realizada sobre papel de 240 g/m2, e finalização em caneta nanquim e caneta branca.
Pietà é uma escultura renascentista de 1499 do artista Michelangelo. A obra retrata Jesus morto nos brações de sua mãe Maria, evocando emoções o mais próximo possível à realidade. Rigidamente calculada e seguindo composição triangular, dá sensação de impotência.
A obra foi selecionada para ser retratada a partir da técnica de aquarela, tendo como base uma ampliação da face de Maria para a realização de estudos das feições e emoções humanas, efeitos de luz e sombra e sobreposição de layers na cor azul a fim de criar profundidade a partir de uma superfície plana, o papel. Possui dimensões de 14,8 x 21,0 cm, realizada sobre papel de 300 g/m2, e finalização em caneta nanquim e caneta branca.
A Cena das Minas: dinâmicas de gênero nas cenas musicais do Punk e do Hardcore em São Paulo
Authors: Sousa Letícia Nogueira
Published: May 2021

Tendo em vista a história do punk e hardcore em São Paulo, bem como as transformações ocorridas na contemporaneidade diante de um cenário de manifestação e contestação cada vez maior em torno das demandas sobre as questões de gênero, esse artigo pretende examinar a cena musical que se estrutura em torno do evento Maria Bonita Fest, festival cultural realizado por mulheres ligadas ao punk e ao hardcore em São Paulo. A partir desse estudo de caso, tenta-se compreender como as cenas punk e hardcore, que se pretendiam contestadoras em sua origem, acabam por reproduzir estruturas de opressão da sociedade. Nesse sentido, a proposta é perceber como as mulheres e outros grupos subalternizados são incorporados (ou não) nesses espaços, e quais são as estratégias possíveis desenvolvidas por esses grupos a fim de reivindicarem um lugar dentro desses movimentos, formando uma cena das “minas”.
Differences in NT‐proBNP Response and Prognosis in Men and Women With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction
Authors: Daubert Melissa A. , Yow Eric , Barnhart Huiman X. , Piña Ileana L. , Ahmad Tariq , Leifer Eric , Cooper Lawton , Desvigne‐Nickens Patrice , Fiuzat Mona , Adams Kirkwood , Ezekowitz Justin , Whellan David J. , Januzzi James L. , O’Connor Christopher M. , Felker G. Michael
Published: May 2021

Background

NT‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide) is a prognostic biomarker in heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction. However, it is unclear whether there is a sex difference in NT‐proBNP response and whether the therapeutic goal of NT‐proBNP ≤1000 pg/mL has equivalent prognostic value in men and women with HF with reduced ejection fraction.

Methods and Results

In a secondary analysis of the GUIDE‐IT (Guiding Evidence Based Therapy Using Biomarker Intensified Treatment) trial we analyzed trends in NT‐proBNP and goal attainment by sex. Differences in clinical characteristics, HF treatment, and time to all‐cause death or HF hospitalization were compared. Landmark analysis at 3 months determined the prognostic value of early NT‐proBNP goal achievement in men and women. Of the 286 (32%) women and 608 (68%) men in the GUIDE‐IT trial, women were more likely to have a nonischemic cause and shorter duration of HF. Guideline‐directed medical therapy was less intense over time in women. The absolute NT‐proBNP values were consistently lower in women; however, the change in NT‐proBNP and clinical outcomes were similar. After adjustment, women achieving the NT‐proBNP goal had an 82% reduction in death or HF hospitalization compared with a 59% reduction in men.

Conclusions

Men and women with HF with reduced ejection fraction had a similar NT‐proBNP response despite less intensive HF treatment among women. However, compared with men, the early NT‐proBNP goal of ≤1000 pg/mL had greater prognostic value in women. Future efforts should be aimed at intensifying guideline‐directed medical therapy in women, which may result in greater NT‐proBNP reductions and improved outcomes in women with HF with reduced ejection fraction.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01685840.
Dating the Renaming of Cities Referred to in the Biblical Conquest and Settlement Accounts
Authors: Naʾaman Nadav
Published: May 2021

The article systematically examines the historicity of the biblical claim that the Israelites renamed several Canaanite cities in the course of the conquest and settlement of the land. Among the renamed places are Kiriath-arba, Kiriath-sepher/ sannah, Kerioth-hezron, Zephath, Jebus/the Jebusite, Luz, Laish, Kenath, and Argob. Examination of the renaming claim of these towns only confirms the Late Bronze date of Laish and possibly Zephath. All other ostensibly Canaanite city names must have emerged only during the Iron Age. The article further examines the antiquity of the name Baʿal(ah)/Kiriath-baʿal of Kiriath-jearim and suggests that it emerged in the first millennium BCE. Evidently, the renaming claim in biblical literature is entirely literary and ideological; only few interchanges of names reflect authentic memories of the toponymy of Canaan in the Late Bronze Age.
Jerusalem before the Reform: Memory, Nostalgia, and Antiquarian Interest in 2 Kings 23:7–13
Authors: Dolgopolsky-Geva Ya’akov
Published: May 2021

The description of Josiah’s reform in Jerusalem in 2 Kgs 23:7–13 contains an unusual cluster of topographical indications. The article analyzes this cluster from critical and literary-ideological perspectives. The analysis proves that at least some of the topographical indications are late glosses. It also reveals the antiquarian interest which prompted the accumulation of such indications in this short section. That interest, shared by different authors and editors who were involved in the textual development of 2 Kgs 23:7–13, attests to a perception of Jerusalem’s landscape as a changing space and of Josiah’s reform as an act of space transformation by a monarch. Finally, the article suggests that a nostalgic sentiment towards the cultic activities which Josiah uprooted is reflected in this cluster of topographical indications.
Stability and change in the Hebrew verbal system
Authors: Boneh Nora
Published: May 2021

The paper studies the nature of the interplay between viewpoint aspect and tense in the temporal systems of Modern Hebrew and Biblical Hebrew, focusing on the suffixed verb form qaṭal and on the participial verb form qoṭel common to both. The examination of these temporal systems is couched in a neo-reichenbachian framework, taking the categories of viewpoint aspect and tense to consist of relations between temporal intervals (also known as the “two dimensional theory of tense”). It follows from this framework that viewpoint aspect and tense are encoded in any given temporal system, and languages differ in whether they contrastively mark tenses and/or aspects. When only one of the categories is morphologically marked, it is assumed that the other marks a default value. In the current context, it will be shown that viewpoint aspect properties of the verbal forms remain essentially unchanged over the two periods: qoṭel expressed, and still does, imperfective viewpoint aspect, with some characteristics of a progressive, whereas qaṭal expressed, and still does, a default viewpoint aspect that is interpreted as perfective according to the lexical aspectual properties of the underlying VP. In contrast, the properties of the tense categories in the systems have undergone a significant change: in Biblical Hebrew, the category of tense, in these particular forms, but possibly also more generally in the system, mark only a default value where the two temporal intervals, R and S, are not ordered in any specific manner, but rather present a temporal overlap; in Modern Hebrew, the category of tense contrasts temporal values, where R and S are clearly ordered with respect to each other: overlap, precedence. It will be suggested that this state of affairs is correlated with the (im)possibility of the forms to express narrative progression. Given that narrative progression involves update of R, this is not possible when the temporal relation between R and S is one of general overlap, blocking R progression. In Biblical Hebrew, narrative progression is achieved via the sequential w-forms, which have later disappeared from the system.
Numeral construct phrases in Biblical Hebrew
Authors: Rothstein Susan , Moshavi Adina
Published: May 2021

Construct phrases are nominal expressions consisting of a noun in the construct state, termed the construct, and an immediately adjacent nominal phrase, the annex. Biblical Hebrew has four kinds of construct phrases containing numerals: phrases with a definite nominal annex, complex numeral phrases, approximative phrases and phrases with an indefinite nominal annex. The first three constructions are found in Modern Hebrew, but not the fourth. In this paper we provide semantic interpretations for the four numeral construct phrase types, accounting for these constructions within a theoretical approach to the cross-linguistic properties of numeral phrases. Adopting the semantic analysis in Rothstein (2013, 2017b), which treats numerals as a type of property expression in the sense of Chierchia (1985), we show that the four constructions fall into two groups. In the first group, containing the complex numeral and the indefinite measure phrase, the construct numeral is an argument of a function. In the second group, containing the definite numeral phrase and the approximative, the construct numeral is a predicate that expresses intersectional modification. The numeral has a different semantic status in each group: as an argument, the numeral is a saturated property expression designating an individual, while as a modifier it is unsaturated. It is shown that definite numeral construct phrases and approximative phrases can be viewed as types of classifier expressions. The data and interpretations presented in the paper demonstrate that Biblical Hebrew numerals share fundamental semantic characteristics with numeral constructions in other languages, despite having various syntactic properties which are specific to this language.
Diurnal Variation of Rainfall in the Presence of Large- and Small-Scale Precipitating Systems during Different Monsoon Seasons over a Complex Terrain (Gadanki) Region
Authors: Radhakrishna Basivi , Rao Thota Narayana
Published: May 2021

The diurnal cycle of rainfall by large-scale systems (LSS) and small-scale systems (SSS) has been studied over a complex terrain region (Gadanki) in southern peninsular India using eight years of data from a network of 36 rain gauges. The diurnal cycle of accumulated rainfall by LSS and SSS shows peaks at 22 LT and 19 LT, respectively, during the southwest monsoon (SWM) and 19 LT and ~17 LT during the northeast monsoon (NEM). Irrespective of the season and system size, the diurnal mode is the dominant mode of variation and explains ~60% (~43%) of variance during the SWM and ~54% (~36%) during the NEM in LSS (SSS) presence. The correlation structure of rainfall is anisotropic with an axis ratio of ~1.5 for LSS and ~1.4 for SSS. Propagating systems are prevalent (80 to 90% of times produce rain) in the presence of LSS during both seasons and play a dominant role in altering the diurnal cycle of rainfall over the Gadanki region. The conducive environment, like the presence of large RH, updrafts in lower- and mid-troposphere, and large lower- and small mid-tropospheric shears, favors convective initiation and propagation of precipitating systems during LSS in SWM and NEM. The atmosphere favors the convective initiation between 18 and 20 LT. The dry mid-troposphere and weak upward motion in the mid-troposphere inhibits mesoscale organization and forms SSS during the SWM. During the NEM, somewhat drier mid-troposphere than in LSS and small L-shear inhibits the convective organization and forms SSS between 15 and 18 LT.
Convectively Coupled Kelvin Waves Over Tropical South America
Authors: Mayta Victor C. , Kiladis George N. , Dias Juliana , Silva Dias Pedro L. , Gehne Maria
Published: May 2021

Rainfall over tropical South America is known to be modulated by convectively coupled Kelvin waves (CCKWs). In this work, the origin and dynamical features of South American Kelvin waves are revisited using satellite-observed brightness temperature, radiosonde, and reanalysis datasets. Two main types of CCKWs over the Amazon are considered: Kelvin waves with a Pacific precursor, and Kelvin waves with a precursor originating over South America. Amazonian CCKW’s associated with a preexisting Kelvin convection in the eastern Pacific account for about 35% of the total events. The cases with South American precursors are associated with either pressure surges in the western Amazon from extratropical wave train activity, responsible for 40% of the total events, or “in situ” convection that locally excites CCKWs, accounting for the remaining 25%. The analysis also suggests that CCKWs associated with different precursors are sensitive to Pacific sea surface temperature. Kelvin wave events with a Pacific precursor are more common during ENSO warm events, while Kelvin waves with extratropical South American precursors show stronger activity during La Niña events. This study also explores other triggering mechanisms of CCKWs over the Amazon. These mechanisms are associated with: 1) extratropical Rossby wave trains not necessarily of extratropical South American origin; 2) CCKWs initiated in response to the presence of the southern and/or double Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in the Eastern Pacific Ocean; 3) and possible interaction between CCKWs and other equatorial waves in the Amazon.
IFN-λ therapy prevents severe gastrointestinal graft-versus-host disease
Authors: Henden Andrea S. , Koyama Motoko , Robb Renee J. , Forero Adriana , Kuns Rachel D. , Chang Karshing , Ensbey Kathleen S. , Varelias Antiopi , Kazakoff Stephen H. , Waddell Nicole , Clouston Andrew D. , Giri Rabina , Begun Jakob , Blazar Bruce R. , Degli-Esposti Mariapia A. , Kotenko Sergei V. , Lane Steven W. , Bowerman Kate L. , Savan Ram , Hugenholtz Philip , Gartlan Kate H. , Hill Geoffrey R.
Published: May 2021

Immunopathology and intestinal stem cell (ISC) loss in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is the prima facie manifestation of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and is responsible for significant mortality after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Approaches to prevent GVHD to date focus on immune suppression. Here, we identify interferon-λ (IFN-λ; interleukin-28 [IL-28]/IL-29) as a key protector of GI GVHD immunopathology, notably within the ISC compartment. Ifnlr1−/− mice displayed exaggerated GI GVHD and mortality independent of Paneth cells and alterations to the microbiome. Ifnlr1−/− intestinal organoid growth was significantly impaired, and targeted Ifnlr1 deficiency exhibited effects intrinsic to recipient Lgr5+ ISCs and natural killer cells. PEGylated recombinant IL-29 (PEG-rIL-29) treatment of naive mice enhanced Lgr5+ ISC numbers and organoid growth independent of both IL-22 and type I IFN and modulated proliferative and apoptosis gene sets in Lgr5+ ISCs. PEG-rIL-29 treatment improved survival, reduced GVHD severity, and enhanced epithelial proliferation and ISC-derived organoid growth after BMT. The preservation of ISC numbers in response to PEG-rIL-29 after BMT occurred both in the presence and absence of IFN-λ–signaling in recipient natural killer cells. IFN-λ is therefore an attractive and rapidly testable approach to prevent ISC loss and immunopathology during GVHD.
Evidence for antifouling biocides as one of the limiting factors for the recovery of macrophyte communities in lakes of Schleswig-Holstein
Authors: Machate Oliver , Dellen Julian , Schulze Tobias , Wentzky Valerie Carolin , Krauss Martin , Brack Werner
Published: May 2021

Background

The European Water Framework Directive (WFD) has been implemented to achieve a good ecological status in European water bodies requiring macrophyte community assessment as one of the biological quality elements (BQEs). While in several lakes in Schleswig-Holstein (Germany) different BQEs improved within recent years, no recovery of macrophyte communities in some lakes could be achieved, despite the reduction of nutrient input and eutrophication. Due to the fact that no impairment of phytoplankton could be observed, toxic stress due to sediment contamination was hypothesized as a possible limiting factor of macrophyte community recovery.

Results

Sediment toxicity was investigated by performing an extensive chemical screening of sediment contamination and a risk assessment based on toxic unit (TU) summation, using equilibrium water concentrations and algal toxicity as surrogates for lacking data on macrophyte toxicity. Possible indirect risks via toxic pressure on grazer were assessed via TUs based on crustaceans. The study revealed algal TUs of more than one order of magnitude below chronic toxicity thresholds in lakes with high and good status of the macrophyte community and increasing concentrations and frequency of exceedance of toxicity thresholds for lakes with moderate-to-bad status. The antifouling biocides irgarol and diuron were identified as major risk drivers. In addition, PAHs and glyphosate could not be ruled out to contribute to toxic pressure on macrophytes. Despite exceedance of toxicity thresholds for crustaceans, no connection of the ecological status of the macrophyte communities with toxic risks to grazers could be observed.

Conclusions

Our study suggests that in a multiple pressure situation the toxic pressure created due to the contamination of sediments with antifouling biocides is one of the limiting factors for the recovery of macrophyte communities in impaired lakes of Schleswig-Holstein. This finding is in agreement with a Europe-wide survey on almost 47,000 sites suggesting that no good ecological status can be observed at sites with contamination exceeding toxicity thresholds. Similar to the survey, our study indicates additional stressors preventing the achievement of a good quality status of the lake ecosystems.
Systematic interrogation of mutation groupings reveals divergent downstream expression programs within key cancer genes
Authors: Grzadkowski Michal R. , Holly Hannah D. , Somers Julia , Demir Emek
Published: May 2021

Background

Genes implicated in tumorigenesis often exhibit diverse sets of genomic variants in the tumor cohorts within which they are frequently mutated. For many genes, neither the transcriptomic effects of these variants nor their relationship to one another in cancer processes have been well-characterized. We sought to identify the downstream expression effects of these mutations and to determine whether this heterogeneity at the genomic level is reflected in a corresponding heterogeneity at the transcriptomic level.

Results

By applying a novel hierarchical framework for organizing the mutations present in a cohort along with machine learning pipelines trained on samples’ expression profiles we systematically interrogated the signatures associated with combinations of mutations recurrent in cancer. This allowed us to catalogue the mutations with discernible downstream expression effects across a number of tumor cohorts as well as to uncover and characterize over a hundred cases where subsets of a gene’s mutations are clearly divergent in their function from the remaining mutations of the gene. These findings successfully replicated across a number of disease contexts and were found to have clear implications for the delineation of cancer processes and for clinical decisions.

Conclusions

The results of cataloguing the downstream effects of mutation subgroupings across cancer cohorts underline the importance of incorporating the diversity present within oncogenes in models designed to capture the downstream effects of their mutations.