bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cellular Composition of Induced Sputum in Sarcoidosis
Authors: Porzezińska Maria , Knopińska-Posłuszny Wanda , Cynowska Bogumiła , Słomiński Jan
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cellular composition of induced sputum (IS) in sarcoidosis and its role in assessing the disease activity. The safety of the procedure was also determined. Material and methods: Sputum induction by inhalation of hypertonic saline was performed. Twenty-one samples from the healthy controls, 32 from patients with active disease, and 33 from subjects with inactive disease were analysed. Results: The percentage of lymphocytes in IS was significantly higher in active sarcoidosis than in inactive disease and the control group (9.7% vs. 3.1% vs. 2.9%), and was the highest in the patients with parenchymal changes and active disease (13.3%). The percentage of macrophages was significantly lower in active sarcoidosis than in normal subjects (76.8% vs. 83.4%). It was also significantly lower in IS in active disease and stages II and III than in both subgroups with active and inactive stage I of sarcoidosis. There were no significant differences in the IS cell percentages between the whole sarcoidosis group and the controls. Sputum induction was well tolerated and stopped only four times, two of them because of dyspnoea or the decrease of PEF. The symptoms were well reversible after administering salbutamol. Conclusions: Sputum induction by inhalation of hypertonic saline is safe, but the evaluation of IS differential cell counts is not useful in sarcoidosis diagnosing. However, it could be used in assessing the activity of the disease, especially in patients with interstitial lung changes.
Evaluation of COPD Progression Based on Spirometry and Exercise Capacity
Authors: Trzaska-Sobczak Marzena , Brożek Grzegorz , Farnik Małgorzata , Pierzchała Władysław
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by an airflow limitation that is usually progressive. The progression of COPD expressed as the rate of an annual decline in FEV1 is very heterogeneous. Exercise capacity in COPD patients is often diminished and becomes worsened over the time. The purpose of the study was to examine how the change in FEV1 and exercise capacity would deteriorate over long-term observation. Material and Methods: A total of 22 men with COPD were examined. At the beginning the average age was 59 ± 8.1 years and the mean post-bronchodilator FEV1 was 52 ± 14.9% predicted. Pulmonary function testing was performed at entry and then each year for 10 years, and exercise testing on a cycle ergometer was performed at entry and after 10 years. Results: FEV1 and maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max), maximum mechanical work (Wmax), maximum minute ventilation (VEmax) and maximum tidal volume (VTmax) declined significantly over the observation time. The mean annual decline in FEV1 was 42 ± 37 mL, and the mean decline for VO 2max was 30 ± 15 mL/min/yr and 0.44 ± 0.25 mL/min/kg/yr. Regression analysis revealed that the changes in FEV1 do not predict changes in VO2max. We observed a correlation between the annual change in VEmax and annual change in VO2max (r = 0.51; p < 0.05). The baseline FEV1 (expressed as a percentage of predicted and in absolute values) is the predictor of FEV1 annual decline (r = 0.74 and 0.82; p < 0.05). Conclusions: We observed over time deterioration in exercise capacity in COPD patients which is independent of decline in airflow limitation. The long term follow-up of exercise capacity is important in monitoring of COPD patients in addition to pulmonary function.
Pulmonary Hypertension in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Weitzenblum Emmanuel , Chaouat Ari , Kessler Romain
Published: June 2022

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a common complication of advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is defined by a mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) ≥ 25 mm Hg at rest in the supine position. Owing to its frequency, COPD is a common cause of PH; in fact, it is the second most frequent cause of PH, just after left heart diseases. PH is due to the elevation of pulmonary vascular resistance, which is caused by functional and morphological factors, chronic alveolar hypoxia being the most important. In COPD PH is generally mild to moderate, PAP usually ranging between 25 and 35 mm Hg in a stable state of the disease. A small proportion of COPD patients may present a severe or “disproportionate” PH with a resting PAP > 35–40 mm Hg. The prognosis is particularly poor in these patients. In COPD PH worsens during exercise, sleep and severe exacerbations of the disease, and these acute increases in afterload may favour the development of right heart failure. The diagnosis of PH relies on Doppler echocardiography, and right heart catheterization is needed in a minority of patients. Treatment of PH in COPD relies on long-term oxygen therapy (≥16 h/day) which generally stabilizes or at least attenuates the progression of PH. Vasodilator drugs, which are commonly used in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension, have rarely been used in COPD, and we lack studies in this field. Patients with severe PH should be referred to a specialist PH centre where the possibility of inclusion in a controlled clinical trial should be considered.
Transthyretin Amyloidosis with Pulmonary Involvement in a Patient with Monoclonal Gammapathy
Authors: Kruczak Katarzyna , Duplaga Mariusz , Sanak Marek , Papla Bolesław , Soja Jerzy , Niżankowska-Mogilnicka Ewa , Sładek Krzysztof
Published: June 2022

Zmiany płucne w przebiegu starczej amyloidozy z niezmutowanej transtyretyny są rzadko opisywane. Opisywany przypadek dotyczy współistnienia gammapatii monoklonalnej typu MGUS oraz amyloidozy z niezmutowanej transtyretyny z rozległym zajęciem miąższu płucnego. Sześćdziesięciosiedmioletnia kobieta została przyjęta na ddział z objawami duszności, osłabienia, utraty masy ciała oraz zmianami rozsianymi w płucach. W badaniu HRCT obecne były obszary wypełnień pęcherzykowych, pogrubienie linii przegrodowych oraz cechy nadciśnienia płucnego. W ECHO serca stwierdzono cechy znacznego nadciśnienia płucnego, badaniem elektromiograficznym czuciowo-ruchową polineuropatię z uszkodzeniem aksonu i mieliny. Wykazano złogi amyloidu w formie guzków w ścianach oskrzeli oraz zrębie płuca, barwienie na czerwień Congo było dodatnie, ujemne dla białek AA, AL, beta2-mikroglobuliny, dodatnie dla transtyretyny. Amyloidozę potwierdzono również ze śluzówki jelita (ujemne barwienie dla białek AA, AL., beta2-mikroglobuliny, dodatnie dla transtyretyny). Trepanobiopsja szpiku wykazała gammapatię monoklonalną typu MGUS z dodatnim barwieniem na czerwień Congo. U chorej postawiono rozpoznanie amyloidozy z transtyretyny z zajęciem naczyń, w szczególności połączeń tętniczo-żylnych, w tym także płucnych z niewielką ilością białka AL (najpewniej była to wtórna imbibicja z surowicy krwi). Nie stwierdzono mutacji w egzonie 1, 2, 3, 4 dla genu transtyretyny. Pacjentka była leczona metyloprednisolonem, melfalanem oraz cyklofosfamidem. Zdjęcie przeglądowe klatki piersiowej wykonane 1 i 2 miesiące po rozpoczęciu terapii wykazało progresję zmian. Pacjentka zmarła w szpitalu rejonowym–sekcji zwłok nie wykonano.
NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF PATIENTS BEFORE STOMACH SURGERY AT THAI BINH PROVINCE GENERAL HOSPITAL 2019
Authors: Nguyen Thuy Dung , Tran Khanh Thu , Nguyen Trong Hung , Vu Thi Hue , Nguyen Minh Huong , Luong Quoc Chinh , Pham Thi Dung
Published: June 2022

Aimes: To describe nutritional status and dietary characteristics before stomach surgery..

Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of General Surgery and Department of Surgery at the Oncology Center from June 2019 to March 2020. The nutritional status of patients was identified using the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) classification scale and  the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA).

Results: 67.1% were men, 65.7% age group ≥ 60; 25.4% of patients lacked energy for a long time when discharged from the hospital, this rate increased to 59.7%; Assessed by the SGA method, there were 80.6% of patients with mild and moderate malnutrition, no patients with severe malnutrition; Assessed by MNA method: 71% risk of malnutrition, 25.8% of malnutrition; According to albumin concentration, malnutrition rate is 19.4%; The rate of weight loss in the last 6 months was 52.2%; The average dietary energy was 1433.6 ± 235.7 kcal; The percentage of subjects meeting the requirements for energy-producing substances was Glucid 7.5%, Lipid 76.1%, Protein 53.7%.

Conclusion: The disease was mainly seen in men and in the age group over 60. The rate of malnutrition in patients before stomach surgery was very high, so hospitalized patients need to have their nutritional status assessed to offer supportive solutions and appropriate nutrition for the patient and treatment prognosis.
The implementation of the FESCAS Program as a tool for strengthening quality of care
Authors: Figueroa Pablo Leandro
Published: June 2022

Quality is a basic principle of service delivery. The activation of healthcare quality mechanisms is the responsibility of health system administrators, in their role of governing the health system and correcting its limitations. The FESCAS Program - Component I is the National Program for Strengthening Health Teams for Quality and Safety created by Resolution No. 978/2022 of the Ministry of Health. The Program seeks to promote the culture of quality and safety in health care through the development of human talent competencies and the continuous improvement of processes, by means of economic incentives. The organizational change resulting from the implementation of the FESCAS program will undoubtedly contribute to improving patient care and the overall efficiency of healthcare institutions. Health care safety is a priority issue in health care institutions, and specifically for health care practice based on scientific foundations and solid training in health care safety are essential elements to increase the quality of care. Although it is too early to evaluate the results of this program, it is expected that the results derived from the evaluation and follow-up will show that the changes made have not only not deteriorated the parameters that make up the quality of care, but have consolidated acceptable standards, developing a positive dynamic of work and continuous improvement
HỘI THẢO QUỐC TẾ: RỐI LOẠN HÀNG RÀO BẢO VỆ DA TRONG BỆNH VIÊM DA CƠ ĐỊA VÀ CẬP NHẬT ĐIỀU TRỊ
Authors: Dermatology And Venereology Vietnamese Journal of
Published: June 2022

Ngày 27/3/2022, Bệnh viện Da Liễu Trung ương với sự đồng hành của Công ty Minthacare, đơn vị phân phối độc quyền nhãn hàng Bioderma tại Việt Nam đã tổ chức Hội thảo khoa học quốc tế trực tuyến với chủ đề: “Viêm da cơ địa – Rối loạn hàng rào bảo vệ da và cập nhật điều trị” với báo cáo của các giáo sư, tiến sĩ da liễu Nhật Bản, Việt Nam và sự tham dự của hơn 1000 bác sĩ da liễu từ Việt Nam, Lào, Campuchia và Myanmar.
CHẨN ĐOÁN RỤNG TÓC TỪNG MẢNG BẰNG DERMOSCOPY
Authors: Đỗ Thị Phương Thảo  , Vũ Thái Hà  , Nguyễn Ngọc Dự
Published: June 2022

Mục tiêu: Xác định mối liên quan giữa đặc điểm lâm sàng và hình ảnh Dermoscopy của rụng tóc từng mảng (RTTM).
Đối tượng và phương pháp: Đây là nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang của 86 bệnh nhân RTTM tại Bệnh viện Da liễu Trung ương từ tháng 8/2020 đến tháng 8/2021.
Kết quả: Về thể lâm sàng, 95,3% là RTTM thể từng đám, RTTM thể rắn bò chiếm 3,5%, 1 bệnh nhân rụng tóc toàn thể, không có bệnh nhân rụng tóc toàn phần. Rụng tóc mức độ nhẹ chiếm 91,9%. Test kéo tóc dương tính 9/86 bệnh nhân. Các đặc điểm trên dermoscopy cho thấy tỉ lệ gặp của chấm vàng, chấm đen, tóc gãy, tóc tơ ngắn chiếm trên 50%, tóc chấm than và tóc mọc lại cùng ghi nhận tỉ lệ 39,5%, tóc cuộn vòng chiếm 8,1%.
Kết quả khi đánh giá mối liên quan giữa thể lâm sàng và hình ảnh dermoscopy ghi nhận tỉ lệ chấm vàng, chấm đen, tóc mọc lại trong thể từng đám là cao nhất chiếm 58,5%; 62,1%; 40,2%. Các đặc điểm khác là tóc gãy, tóc chấm than, tóc tơ ngắn, tóc cuộn vòng ghi nhận trong RTTM thể rắn bò là cao nhất, tuy nhiên ngoại trừ thể từng đám, các thể khác trong nghiên cứu đều quá nhỏ nên kết quả nghiên cứu không đại diện cho quần thể.
Về mối liên quan giữa dermoscopy với mức độ nặng của RTTM (theo SALT), Nghiên cứu ghi nhận tỉ lệ chấm vàng, chấm đen, tóc gãy, tóc chấm than từ S1 tới S4a có tỉ lệ thuận với mức độ nặng (p > 0,05).         Mức độ hoạt động bệnh được đánh giá bằng test kéo tóc tại thời điểm bệnh nhân đến khám. Sự xuất hiện của chấm đen ở mức độ hoạt động và không hoạt động của bệnh là có ý nghĩa thống kê với p = 0,009. Nghiên cứu ghi nhận tỉ lệ xuất hiện chấm vàng, chấm đen, tóc gãy, tóc chấm than, tóc tơ ngắn của nhóm hoạt động cao hơn nhóm không hoạt động.
Kết luận:
Dermoscopy là kĩ thuật an toàn và có ý nghĩa trong chẩn đoán RTTM. Nghiên cứu cho thấy không có mối liên quan giữa đặc điểm Dermoscopy với thể lâm sàng và mức độ nặng, đặc biệt là RTTM thể từng đám mức độ nhẹ. Sự xuất hiện của chấm đen là một dấu hiệu cho thấy bệnh đang trong giai đoạn hoạt động.
Upaya Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam dalam Membiasakan Salat Berjamaah dan Pengaruhnya Terhadap Kepribadian Peserta Didik pada SMP Negeri 2 Liliriaja Kabupaten Soppeng
Authors: Djollong Andi Fitriani , Das St Wardah Hanafie , Damayanti Adelina
Published: June 2022

The purpose of this study was to analyze and describe: (1) Various efforts made by Islamic education teachers to habituation students to prayer in congregation at SMP Negeri 2 Liliriaja; (2) the implications of prayer in congregation for the personality of students at SMP Negeri 2 Liliriaja; and (3) the supporting and inhibiting factors faced by Islamic education teachers in habituating students to prayer in congregation at SMP Negeri 2 Liliriaja. The type of research used is qualitative. The use of this type of research is because data analysis does not require statistical measurements. The data is focused on the perceptions and experiences of Islamic education teachers in SMP Negeri 2 Liliriaja as informants. Data is described as is without engineering from the researcher. The data analysis technique is descriptive with three stages that are related to each other, namely data reduction, data display and conclusion drawing. The results of the study showed that the efforts of Islamic Education teachers to habituate students for prayer in congregation were through exemplary education, habituation education, education with advice, education with demonstration, and education with practice. Praying in congregation influences the personality building of students at SMP Negeri 2 Liliriaja. This is evident from students who diligently perform prayers in congregation in schools' musallah, have good behavior, speak softly, and behave politely, both to the teacher and to fellow students. Supporting factors in habituating students with congregational prayer are the availability of worship facilities such as ablution places and musallah at school. The inhibiting factor is that some students are less aware of the importance of prayer and some parents pay less attention to their children regarding the importance of prayer.
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Berkarya dan Presentasi Pameran Kelas dalam Pembelajaran Seni Budaya pada Siswa Kelas XI IPS 3 SMA Negeri 2 Soppeng
Authors: Ali Muhammad
Published: June 2022

This study aims to analyze: 1) the form of application of work learning model and class exhibition presentations in learning art-culture and 2) the implications of implementing the work learning model and class exhibition presentations to the improvement of student art-culture learning outcomes. The research type is classroom action research. The researcher actively participates and is directly involved in the research process from the beginning to the end of the study and provides a regular and systematic framework for the effectiveness of the work learning model and class exhibitions presentation in learning art-culture on illustrative drawing material. The subjects in this study were the teacher of arts-cultural (researcher) and XI IPS 3 students at Senior High School (SMA) Negri 2 Soppeng learning year 2018/2019 with 25 students total. The results of the study show that the application of the work learning model and class exhibition presentation can improve the outcomes of learning art-cultural on illustration drawing material to XI IPS 3 students at Senior High School (SMA) Negeri 2 Soppeng. This is based on student learning completeness reaching 100% with a grade point average of 84.8.
Uso de álcool associado aos transtornos mentais em homens adultos
Authors: Molina Cintha Regina , Mendes Karine Laura Cortellazzi , Bulgareli Jaqueline Vilela , Guerra Luciane Miranda , Meneghim Marcelo de Castro , Pereira Antonio Carlos
Published: June 2022

Introdução: Do ponto de vista da saúde pública, a população masculina adulta mostra-se vulnerável ao uso de álcool e as suas consequências. A detecção precoce, assim como a busca por fatores associados são necessárias e as unidades de Saúde da Família são importantes locais para esta abordagem. Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar o uso de álcool em homens adultos e verificar sua associação com fatores socioeconômicos, demográficos e transtornos mentais (episódio depressivo maior e transtorno de ansiedade generalizada). Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal em adultos de 20 a 59 anos do município de Piracicaba, cadastrados nas Unidades de Saúde da Família (USF) no ano 2018. Após análises descritivas, as variáveis com p<0,20 nas análises simples foram estudas em modelos de regressão binomial negativa múltipla. Pelo modelo final, estimaram-se as razões de médias ajustadas com os intervalos de 95% de confiança. Resultados: Observou-se prevalência de 26,9% de consumo de álcool na população estudada. O escore do The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) apresentou relação direta com a idade (razões de médias — RM=1,02; intervalo de confiança — IC95% 0,99–1,03). Quanto à religião, protestantes e evangélicos apresentaram escore médio de AUDIT menor que os demais (RM=1,78; IC95% 1,14–2,79). Pessoas com transtorno mental apresentam escore médio de AUDIT maior que os sem transtorno (RM=2,30; IC95% 1,28–4,11). Conclusões: Concluímos que o consumo de álcool na população adulta masculina é bastante prevalente, que seu consumo aumenta com a idade, que a religião tem efeito protetor e que pessoas com depressão e ansiedade apresentam maior propensão ao uso. Com base nesses dados, destacamos a importância da USF no desenvolvimento de estratégias que rastreiem as condições de risco de sua população, bem como discutam abordagens e possíveis intervenções.
Technikfolgenabschätzung
Authors: Grunwald Armin
Published: June 2022

The 3rd, fully updated and expanded edition of this textbook shows, among other things, how technology assessment (TA) contributes in a forward-looking and participatory way to the responsible, democratic and sustainable shaping of technological progress, which is profoundly and rapidly changing life, society and the environment. Digitalization, energy transition and genetic engineering are some example fields in this respect. Climate change and dependence on resources are just as much a part of this as the social consequences of automation and surveillance. The book explains, among other things, the historical development of TA and addresses theory formation and debates. Practical examples and TA as project research also provide a picture of how TA can be implemented in concrete terms.
HIGH-PRESSURE METAMORPHIC ROCKS OF THE CHARA OPHIOLITE BELT (CAOB): AGE AND EXHUMATION CONDITIONS
Authors: Zdrokova M. S. , Vladimirov V. G. , Travin A. V.
Published: June 2022

A critical element in the construction of tectonic models of exhumation of basalts that have undergone high-pressure metamorphism is the diagnosis of synchronicity and the genetic relationship between deformations and high-pressure metamorphic changes. In this report, these issues are discussed on the example of the metabasalts of the Chara ophiolite belt. In the bottom of the basalt block with the separation of pillow lavas near the Burshabulak farm, crack-vein systems with high-pressure mineral associations were discovered and analyzed, which directly indicates their tectonic origin. It is shown that the conditions for the formation of such vein mineral associations correspond to eclogite-like rocks (P=18.5 kbar temperatures of no more than 520 °C). The age of the high-pressure metamorphism basalts of the synchronous type with deformations according to 40Ar/39Ar isotope dating of amphiboles cannot be younger than the boundary of 452±14 million years.
The species of Tibetisoperla (Plecoptera: Perlodidae)
Authors: Yan Yan-Hua , Chen Zhen-Ning , Bozdoğan Hakan , Li Wei-Hai
Published: June 2022

Two new species of the hitherto monotypic Tibetisoperla Huo & Du, 2021, T. elongata sp. nov., T. sclerotica sp. nov., are described, illustrated and compared with the type species and other Isoperlinae. Tibetisoperla and T. wangluyui Huo & Du, 2021 are newly recorded for Qinghai Province.
Learning literacy in a familiar language: comparing reading and comprehension competence in Bemba in two contrasting settings in Northern Zambia
Authors: Kula Nancy C. , Mwansa Joseph
Published: June 2022

The latest language in education policy in Zambia is to use a �familiar� language in the initial stages of education before transitioning into a regional and later foreign language medium. Investigating the use of a familiar language�Namwanga�in Northern Zambia, in the context of a regional language�Bemba�the article shows that learning of literacy in the regional language is better supported by classrooms that allow free use of the �home� language or mother tongue. Results from a reading and comprehension task show no hindrance to the achievement of reading fluency in a regional language when a familiar language is encouraged in the classroom. The article provides support for multi-literacies developed through languages that learners are exposed to in their environment rather than a foreign language.
State employment centers in Russia: Assessment by service recipients
Authors: Korzhova Olga , Stuken Tatiana , Lapina Tatiana
Published: June 2022

Background: Many countries spend up to 1% of GDP on implementing employment policies and assisting unemployed citizens, so it is important to assess the effectiveness of spending these funds. One of the Russian federal projects focuses on increasing the level of service recipients' satisfaction. The target indicator is 90.0% of satisfied recipients by the end of 2024. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the state of employment policy implementation in Russia. Study design/methodology/approach: The information base of the study is data of two questionnaire surveys of registered unemployed conducted in 2020-2021. In 2020, 4,800 unemployed people were interviewed in order to assess their satisfaction with the services received at the employment center. In 2021, 1,000 people from this number were re-interviewed in order to assess usefulness of the provided services. The survey evaluated several parameters, which influence the recipient's satisfaction with provided state employment services. Descriptive statistics methods were used to analyze the data. Finding/conclusions: The results show that over the past 3 years, respondents have noted positive changes in the work of state employment centers - expanding opportunities to receive services via the Internet, reducing queues in employment centers, increasing the availability of information about services. Also, the respondents rate usefulness of the received services for future quite highly employment. At the same time, low speed of service delivery, a large list of necessary documents, and insufficient customer orientation of employment centers staff are still being zones for development and improvement. Limitations/future research: The limitations of the study include a small number of existing studies on this problem, as well as the sample size. In further research, it is advisable to increase the number of unemployed interviewed in order to obtain more accurate and objective assessments of satisfaction with the services provided in employment centers.
Sex Dolls at Sea
Authors: Ruberg Bo
Published: June 2022

Investigating and reimagining the origin story of the sex doll through the tale of the sailor's dames de voyage.

The sex doll and its high-tech counterpart the sex robot have gone mainstream, as both the object of consumer desire and the subject of academic study. But sex dolls, and sexual technology in general, are nothing new. Sex dolls have been around for centuries. In Sex Dolls at Sea, Bo Ruberg explores the origin story of the sex doll, investigating its cultural implications and considering who has been marginalized and who has been privileged in the narrative.

Ruberg examines the generally accepted story that the first sex dolls were dames de voyage, rudimentary figures made of cloth and leather scraps by European sailors on long, lonely ocean voyages in centuries past. In search of supporting evidence for the lonesome sailor sex doll theory, Ruberg uncovers the real history of the sex doll. The earliest commercial sex dolls were not the dames de voyage but the femmes en caoutchouc: “women” made of inflatable vulcanized rubber, beginning in the late nineteenth century.

Interrogating the sailor sex doll origin story, Ruberg finds beneath the surface a web of issues relating to gender, sexuality, race, and colonialism. What has been lost in the history of the sex doll and other sex tech, Ruberg tells us, are the stories of the sex workers, women, queer people, and people of color whose lives have been bound up with these technologies.
Lessons from a catalogue of 6674 brain recordings
Authors: Makin Alexis DJ , Tyson-Carr John , Rampone Giulia , Derpsch Yiovanna , Wright Damien , Bertamini Marco
Published: June 2022

It is now possible for scientists to publicly catalogue all the data they have ever collected on one phenomenon. For a decade, we have been measuring a brain response to visual symmetry called the sustained posterior negativity (SPN). Here we report how we have made a total of 6674 individual SPNs from 2215 participants publicly available, along with data extraction and visualization tools (https://osf.io/2sncj/). We also report how re-analysis of the SPN catalogue has shed light on aspects of the scientific process, such as statistical power and publication bias, and revealed new scientific insights.
Commentator response: Linda Knight
Authors: Knight Linda
Published: June 2022

Seduction. To fall unknowingly (or maybe not) in love, to desire, to yearn, to want. Badly.
Habitat variability and faunal zonation at the Ægir Ridge, a canyon-like structure in the deep Norwegian Sea
Authors: Brix Saskia , Kaiser Stefanie , Lörz Anne-Nina , Le Saout Morgane , Schumacher Mia , Bonk Frederic , Egilsdottir Hronn , Olafsdottir Steinunn Hilma , Tandberg Anne Helene S. , Taylor James , Tewes Simon , Xavier Joana R. , Linse Katrin
Published: June 2022

The Ægir Ridge System (ARS) is an ancient extinct spreading axis in the Nordic seas extending from the upper slope east of Iceland (∼550 m depth), as part of its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), to a depth of ∼3,800 m in the Norwegian basin. Geomorphologically a rift valley, the ARS has a canyon-like structure that may promote increased diversity and faunal density. The main objective of this study was to characterize benthic habitats and related macro- and megabenthic communities along the ARS, and the influence of water mass variables and depth on them. During the IceAGE3 expedition (Icelandic marine Animals: Genetics and Ecology) on RV Sonne in June 2020, benthic communities of the ARS were surveyed by means of a remotely-operated vehicle (ROV) and epibenthic sledge (EBS). For this purpose, two working areas were selected, including abyssal stations in the northeast and bathyal stations in the southwest of the ARS. Video and still images of the seabed were usedtoqualitatively describebenthic habitats based on the presence of habitat-forming taxa and the physical environment. Patterns of diversity and community composition of the soft-sediment macrofauna, retrieved from the EBS, were analyzed in a semiquantitative manner. These biological data were complemented by producing high-resolution bathymetric maps using the vessel’s multi-beam echosounder system. As suspected, we were able to identify differences in species composition and number of macro- and megafaunal communities associated with a depth gradient. A biological canyon effect became evident in dense aggregates of megafaunal filter feeders and elevated macrofaunal densities. Analysis of videos and still images from the ROV transects also led to the discovery of a number ofVulnerable Marine Ecosystems (VMEs) dominated by sponges and soft corals characteristic of the Arctic region. Directions for future research encompass a more detailed, quantitative study of the megafauna and more coherent sampling over the entire depth range in order to fully capture the diversity of the habitats and biota of the region. The presence of sensitive biogenic habitats, alongside seemingly high biodiversity and naturalness are supportive of ongoing considerations of designating part of the ARS as an “Ecologically and Biologically Significant Area” (EBSA).
A new gigantic carnivore (Carnivora, Amphicyonidae) from the late middle Miocene of France
Authors: Solé Floréal , Lesport Jean-François , Heitz Antoine , Mennecart Bastien
Published: June 2022

Serravallian terrestrial vertebrates are very uncommon in the northern margin of the Pyrenean Mountains. A mandible of a new large sized amphicyonid (ca. 200 kg) is here described from the marine deposits of Sallepisse (12.8–12.0 Mya). Despite that this new taxon is close in size to some European amphicyonids from the Miocene (e.g., Amphicyon, Megamphicyon, and Magericyon), the unique morphology of its p4, unknown in this clade, allows the erection of the new genus Tartarocyon cazanavei nov. gen. & sp. This taxon may be derived from a Cynelos-type amphicyonine. The description of this new taxon highlights the erosion of the ecological and morphological diversity of the Amphicyonidae in response to well-known Miocene events (i.e., Proboscidean Datum Event, Middle Miocene Climatic Transition, Vallesian Crisis).
Ciberatenuación en Venezuela: interacción entre profesores y estudiantes universitarios a través de correos electrónicos
Authors:   Universidad de Los Andes (Venezuela), César Vera Yalena
Published: June 2022

Nos proponemos estudiar el uso que de la atenuación como estrategia de cortesía hacen los estudiantes y profesores universitarios venezolanos cuando se intercambian correos electrónicos. Deseamos determinar si los usos de la atenuación como estrategia de cortesía varían de acuerdo al género, distancia social y grado de formalidad del mensaje. Un total de 26 correos electrónicos fueron enviados por 8 mujeres y 8 hombres de Venezuela. Los recursos de atenuación fueron categorizados de acuerdo al nivel en el cual actúan: la locución, la ilocución y el origen del enunciado (Caffi, 1999). El análisis de los datos reveló que tanto los hombres como las mujeres emplean recursos para atenuar la intención de sus mensajes; sin embargo, las mujeres superaron a los hombres en el empleo de los recursos de atenuación. Creemos que, al mostrar más de su individualidad, las mujeres crean barreras discursivas para defender su imagen de cualquier invasión. Por otro lado, cuando estas disminuyen las distancias sociales entre ellas y sus interlocutores, los mensajes resultan menos formales, y en estos casos se requiere igualmente un mayor uso de atenuación. Igualmente, observamos que estas, al defender su imagen de autonomía o libertad de acción, tienden a emplear más recursos de atenuación que los hombres para quedar bien ante su interlocutor y lograr que el equilibrio en la interacción se siga manteniendo.
Un modelo teórico-metodológico para investigación empírica en feedback correctivo escrito en una segunda lengua
Authors:   Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción (Chile), Lillo Durán Jorge Armando , Ferreira Cabrera Anita Alejandra ,   Universidad de Concepción (Chile)
Published: June 2022

Mucho se ha escrito acerca del efecto del feedback correctivo escrito (FCE) en una segunda lengua en los últimos quince años. Y aunque los primeros estudios arrojaron resultados contradictorios, recientemente un cuerpo creciente de investigación ha demostrado su efectividad en la adquisición de ciertas estructuras lingüísticas. Sin embargo, aún para muchos investigadores y profesores en producción escrita en una L2, estos estudios son poco prácticos y hasta alejados de la realidad educacional. Además, recientemente, se ha generado un cuerpo de investigación que indaga cómo la comunicación mediada por computador puede impactar y crear nuevas formas de feedback correctivo en el futuro cercano. En consecuencia, en este artículo se propone un modelo de investigación para la corrección de los errores de escritura en una L2, sustentado en la metodología robusta de los estudios de ASL, en la practicabilidad de los estudios de producción escrita y en el rol de la tecnología en la entrega de feedback correctivo escrito.
Comprensión oral de narraciones y producción narrativa: dos medidas a través de una tarea de recontado1
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso (Chile), Bustos Ibarra Andrea , Crespo Allende Nina ,   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso (Chile)
Published: June 2022

La investigación del desarrollo de la producción oral en la infancia requiere de un diseño metodológico que permita controlar consistentemente las tareas. Este estudio se propone analizar en la técnica de recontado la incidencia que tiene la comprensión de un relato en su elicitación. Para ello, plantea medir el nivel de comprensión y la calidad del recontado que tienen 31 niños de kínder de 5 años de un cuento infantil de dos episodios (Stein y Glenn, 1979; Owens, 1991). La aplicación del recontado introdujo algunos elementos para optimizar la tarea (Reese y otros, 2012). Inicialmente, cada participante en forma individual vio una versión audivisual del cuento y, a continuación, recontó oralmente dicho cuento con apoyo gráfico (Reese y otros, 2012). Los sujetos respondieron posteriormente a preguntas de comprensión, elaboradas siguiendo el modelo propuesto por Pavez y otros (2008). Los textos orales transcritos fueron evaluados con indicadores de producción oral, basados en la propuesta de Petersen y otros (2008). Los resultados permiteron describir el perfil de comprensión que poseen los niños de un cuento y su producción oral, al diferenciar medidas de rasgos propios de la riqueza narrativa. Ambas medidas arrojan resultados diferenciados estadísticamente que permiten afirmar que la capacidad de comprensión del cuento, si bien es necesaria para el recontado, no se correlaciona con la riqueza narrativa del relato.
Orosio: tradición y revolución en la historiografía latina
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Balmaceda Catalina
Published: June 2022

Este artículo trata sobre la obra historiográfica de Orosio, historiador cristiano, en el contexto de su época, a principios del siglo V d. C. Lo que se intenta mostrar es que Orosio escribe sus Historias de una manera profundamente ligada a la tradición grecorromana en cuanto a forma y contenido, pero totalmente revolucionaria en la interpretación. Al igual que los historiadores de la antigüedad, busca proporcionar un recuerdo de los hechos importantes del pasado, entregarnos un juicio moral y presentar su obra como un escrito elegante utilizando para esto las herramientas de la retórica. Sin embargo, el autor no se detiene en una simple narración de hechos, sino que además los interpreta, buscando demostrar que los historiadores paganos no han sido capaces de entender el mensaje subyacente de la historia: para Orosio la historia de Roma es al mismo tiempo historia universal e historia cristiana y es precisamente en este punto donde radica la originalidad de su trabajo.
Assessment of the Instructional Design Ability of Pre-service Mathematics Teachers in China
Authors: Yin Liyan , Yang Zezhong
Published: June 2022

The universities can obtain important references to improve the professional ability efficiently of undergraduates majoring in mathematics education by assessing the instructional design ability of pre-service mathematics teachers. However, there is a paucity of literature on the assessment of the instructional design ability of pre-service mathematics teachers in China. In this study, theoretical analysis is used as a research method, and providing an referenced assessment method on the instructional design ability of Chinese pre-service mathematics teachers is the main purpose. Through analyzing the relevant definition and theories, we found that the speed and quality of completing instructional design can be deemed as the core of assessing the instructional design ability, and the critical point of assessing the quality of instructional design is whether instructional design can achieve the teaching objectives or not. Based on the above analysis results, we proposed an assessment method including the examination way of the instructional design ability of pre-service mathematics teachers in China, examination questions, scoring raters, and scoring criteria. This study can provide a reference for further in-depth studies of the instructional design ability of pre-service mathematics teachers in China.
Impact of Organisational Climate and Commitment among Nurses Job Satisfaction: A Review of Literature
Authors: Motary Muneerah Al- , Almowallad Nada , Hassan Magdah Al , Alshmemri Mohammed , Alghabashi Maram Taher
Published: June 2022

The study explains the effect of the organizational climate and commitment to the organization influences job satisfaction. Organizational climate is considered the most effective and different strategy with the entanglement of the commitment to the organization suggesting the self-satisfaction among the Healthcare organization working body which includes the nursing practitioner. It was found that a higher level of job satisfaction directs the higher level of organizational commitment and competency development among the nursing practitioner elsewhere, as the higher effective level of organizational climate affects the higher competency level and a commitment to the organization. The study has suggested that the organizational climate is considered the most effective component in the organization, which binds the individual to the commitment level and enhances the job satisfaction among the nursing practitioner.
The Association among Cancer in Family History and Psychosocial Stress
Authors: Waheed Umar , Hussain Sajid , Khalid Nabila , Salman Amber , Ali Uzma , Iqtidar Fatima Maham
Published: June 2022

Aim: The purpose of this study is to look at the link among a family history of cancer, coping style, also emotional suffering.

Methods: The self-reporting questionnaire, coping style scale, also effect of occasion scale-revised were also used to assess 85 individuals through the family history of cancer also 74 normal patients.

Results: There have been substantial variations in nervousness, despair, cancer-exact distress, and psychological adjustment here between two groups of patients. Psychological discomfort (anxiety, sadness, and cancer-specific distress) was regarded as a negative coping style and the family history of cancer. In the family history and psychological discomfort, an undesirable coping style served as an intermediate.

Conclusion: People through the family history of cancer are now extra probable to have a negative coping style, which predisposes them to more severe psychological discomfort.
Ultraviolet/Visible Light Absorption Spectrophotometry and Fluorescence Spectroscopy in Clinical Chemistry
Authors: Upstone Stephen L.
Published: June 2022

Ultraviolet/visible (UV/VIS) absorption spectroscopy has been used in clinical analysis for many years. The technique has appeal, as it is almost universal in its application. Although much of the routine work is performed using high‐throughput dedicated clinical analysis systems, absorption spectroscopy still has a place in most clinical laboratories. This article discusses the range of application types for which absorption spectroscopy can be used and some examples of common analyses are given. The article also discusses the merits of various instrument types and discusses some more advanced spectroscopic techniques, such as derivative spectroscopy, to enhance the data measured by the spectrophotometer. Brief reference is also made to the use of reflectance in clinical analysis. Fluorescence spectroscopy is closely related to UV/VIS absorption and this article has been updated to include a section of fluorescence spectroscopy for clinical analysis.
Applications of Fluorescent Nanodiamond in Biology
Authors: Hsiao Wesley W.‐W. , Le Trong‐Nghia , Chang Huan‐Cheng
Published: June 2022

Fluorescent nanodiamond (FND) has emerged as a promising material in several multidisciplinary areas, including biology, chemistry, physics, and materials science. Composed of sp
3
‐carbon atoms, FND offers superior biocompatibility, chemical inertness, a large surface area, tunable surface structure, and excellent mechanical characteristics. The nanoparticle is unique in that it comprises a high‐density ensemble of negatively charged nitrogen‐vacancy (NV
−
) centers that act as built‐in fluorophores and exhibit a number of remarkable optical and magnetic properties. These properties make FND particularly well suited for a wide range of applications, including cell labeling, long‐term cell tracking, super‐resolution imaging, nanoscale sensing, and drug delivery. This article discusses recent applications of FND‐enabled developments in biology.
Binary/Ternary MOF Nanocomposites for Multi‐Environment Indoor Atmospheric Water Harvesting
Authors: Laha Subhajit , Maji Tapas Kumar
Published: June 2022

Introducing atmospheric water harvesting (AWH), beyond the arid atmosphere, under comfortable indoor humidity and temperature regime has its urgency in terms of commercialization and addressing the worldwide freshwater crisis. Herein, the synthesis and characterization of a series of binary (aminopropyl functionalized magnesium phyllosilicate or aminoclay, and CuBTC) and ternary (aminoclay, graphene oxide, and CuBTC) MOF nanocomposites and their water storage and harvesting properties from the indoor atmosphere are demonstrated. The nanocomposites show enhanced hydrothermal stability—39.5% increase in water uptake capacity (with respect to bulk CuBTC) with 67.2% of utmost water harvesting efficiency by blending aminoclay and graphene‐oxide with CuBTC MOF. The study further extrapolates the water collection dynamics by varying ambient humidity, release temperature and on‐demand sorption/desorption cycle under the ordinary indoor condition without any solar irradiation. The ternary nanocomposite enables 0.431 gg−1 of water at 90% relative humidity with a maximum value of 0.445 gg−1 indoor water collections per day.
Advances in Flexible Optoelectronics Based on Chemical Vapor Deposition‐Grown Graphene
Authors: Du Jinhong , Tong Bo , Yuan Shuangdeng , Dai Nian , Liu Rui , Zhang Dingdong , Cheng Hui‐Ming , Ren Wencai
Published: June 2022

Graphene shows great potential for flexible optoelectronic devices owing to its unique 2D structure and excellent electronic, optical, and mechanical properties. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is the most promising method for fabricating large‐area and high‐quality graphene films at an acceptable cost; therefore enormous efforts have been attempted to investigate the flexible optoelectronic devices based on CVD‐grown graphene. Here, recent advances and significant development of CVD‐grown graphene towards flexible optoelectronics including photodetectors, organic solar cells, and light‐emitting diodes are reviewed. Insight into the challenges of improvement of optoelectronic properties, work function tuning, as well as interfacial control of CVD‐grown graphene for high‐performance devices is provided. In particular, the availability to fabricate large‐area devices on the flexible substrates is discussed, which is crucial to drive the practical use of CVD‐grown graphene for future wearable optoelectronics.
Random Terpolymer Enabling High‐Efficiency Organic Solar Cells Processed by Nonhalogenated Solvent with a Low Nonradiative Energy Loss
Authors: Lu Hao , Wang Hang , Ran Guangliu , Li Song , Zhang Jianqi , Liu Yahui , Zhang Wenkai , Xu Xinjun , Bo Zhishan
Published: June 2022

Three terpolymer donors (PL1, PL2, and PL3) employing repeating units of two popular photovoltaic polymers PM6 and D18 are synthesized by random copolymerization. The terpolymers can reduce the regio‐regularity of the polymer backbones and endow them with much‐enhanced solubility in nonhalogenated solvents such as o‐xylene. Furthermore, along with the appearance of temperature‐dependent aggregation behavior, indicating the adaptability for fabricating organic solar cells (OSCs) by eco‐friendly solvent processing. Among them, PL1‐based OSCs display higher and more balanced hole and electron mobilities, longer charge separation exciton lifetime, and better exciton dissociation and charge collection capabilities than the parent polymers (PM6 and D18) based ones. A power conversion efficiency of   18.14% with a very low energy loss is achieved based on terpolymer PL1, which is much higher than that of PM6 (15.16%) and D18 (16.18%). The result provides an effective way to realize high‐performance nonhalogenated processing polymer donor materials.
Chiral Metal–Organic Cluster Induced High Circularly Polarized Luminescence of Metal–Organic Framework Thin Film
Authors: Xiao Yi‐Hong , Weidler Peter , Lin Shi‐Sheng , Wöll Christof , Gu Zhi‐Gang , Zhang Jian
Published: June 2022

Guest‐induced host–guest assembly in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) has become a critical strategy to achieve circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). Herein, chiral metal–organic clusters (MOCs) induced CPL of achiral MOF are reported. Enantiopure titanium‐oxo clusters (R/S‐TOCs) are effectively loaded into the pores of a fluorescent, highly stable MOF NU‐901 thin film by using a liquid‐phase epitaxial layer‐by‐layer encapsulation method. The resulting chiral TOCs@NU‐901 MOF thin films exhibit strong chirality, intense photoluminescence, and excellent CPL performance with the highest dissymmetry factor (±0.025) reported so far for the downshifted MOF‐based materials. Further, the comparison experiments and density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrate that the excellent performance benefited from the strong chirality and charge transfer caused by the significant π–π interactions between the host (MOF) and guest (R/S‐TOCs). This novel chiral MOCs induced approach provides a powerful toolbox for new host–guest CPL thin film materials.
Self‐Trapped and Free Exciton Dynamics in Vacuum‐Deposited Cesium Copper Iodide Thin Films
Authors: Chen Chien‐Yu , Lin Yung‐I , Lai Po‐Ting , Lin Hao‐Cheng , Tan Guang‐Hsun , Lin Hao‐Wu , Schaller Richard D.
Published: June 2022

Highly photoluminescent, lead‐free perovskites are of interest for displays and solid‐state light‐emitting devices. In this report, streak camera‐based time‐resolved emission and transient absorption spanning visible to deep‐ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths are utilized to study self‐trapped and free exciton dynamics in vacuum‐deposited cesium copper halide thin films of CsCu2I3 and Cs3Cu2I5. Self‐trapped exciton emission of CsCu2I3 exhibits more noticeable changes with time in the peak position and width than Cs3Cu2I5. UV‐to‐blue emission is detectable for both compositions, where free exciton emission is distinct for CsCu2I3. Transient absorption shows loss of ground‐state bleach signals at early time delays for both, and the bleach signal shifts toward higher energy as time delay increases, likely due to strains induced by the newly created self‐trapped excitons. Global analysis performed on the transient absorption results yields time constants in these materials that build an overall dynamic scheme. This work aids in building a complete picture regarding light emission in these promising materials.