bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CHEST X RAY SCORE AND CLINICAL SEVERITY IN COVID-19 PATIENTS
Authors: Rana Sheeba , Bakshi Vicky , Rawat Yavini , Afroz Zaid Bin
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION: Various chest X-ray scoring systems have been discovered and are employed to correlate with clinical severity, outcome and
progression of diseases. With, the coronavirus outbreak, few chest radiograph classication were formulated, like the BSTI classication and the
Brixia chest X-ray score. Brixia CXR scoring is used for assessing the clinical severity and outcome of COVID-19. This study aims to compare the
Brixia CXR score with clinical severity of COVID-19 patients.
MATERIAL& METHODS:This was a retrospective study in which medical records of patients aged 18 years or above, who tested for RTPCR or
st st Rapid Antigen Test (RAT) for COVID positive from 1 February 2021 to 31 July 2021 (6 months) were taken. These subjects were stratied into
mild, moderate and severe patients according to the ICMR guidelines. Chest X Rays were obtained and lesions were classied according to Brixia
scoring system.
RESULTS: Out of these 375 patients, 123 (32.8%) were female and 252 (67.2%) were male subjects. The average brixia score was 11.12. Average
Brixia CXR score for mild, moderate and severe diseased subjects were 5.23, 11.20, and 14.43 respectively.
DISCUSSION:The extent of chest x-ray involvement is proportional to the clinical severity of the patient. Although, a perplexing nding was that
the average Brixia score of the female subjects were slightly higher than their male counterparts in the same clinical groups.
CONCLUSION: Brixia CXR score correlates well with the clinical severity of the COVID-19.
DIABETES OR OBESITY; MAJOR EFFECTOR OF ALTERED LEVELS OF GHRELIN AND LEPTIN
Authors: G.L Lakshmi , Dasgupta Shruti , Salman Mohammed , K. R Sanjay
Published: October 2021

Background: Ghrelin and leptin are the key hormones involved in the energy homeostasis and plays a relevant role in regulating hunger and satiety
stimuli afferent to the brain. Abnormalities in the levels of ghrelin and leptin are often associated with the obesity and type 2 diabetes complications.
However, there are no studies clarifying whether ghrelin and leptin levels have stronger association with obesity or Type 2 diabetes (T2DM).
Aims:To evaluate and compare the independent effect of major dening factors of obesity and diabetes on ghrelin and leptin concentrations.
Materials And Methods: Anthropometric measures such as height, weight, waist (WC) and hip circumference (HC), Body mass index (BMI),
Basal metabolic rate (BMR), fat percentage, lean body mass, were taken. Assessed daily physical activity and energy intake. Biochemical
parameters such as fasting glucose, postprandial glucose, HBA1c, ghrelin, leptin and insulin levels were measured.
Statistical Analysis: One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Chi-square (χ2) test Pearson's correlation coefcients, Multiple stepwise linear
regression model analysis were performed.
Result: The diabetic subjects irrespective of obesity showed signicantly higher waist to hip ratio, HOMAIR levels of fasting blood glucose,
postprandial glucose and signicantly lower levels of Ghrelin than non-diabetics. Similarly, obese subjects irrespective of diabetes have
signicantly higher BMR and higher levels of Leptin than non-diabetics. Asignicantly higher BMI, fat mass percentage and lower lean body mass
percentage were observed in obese subjects irrespective of diabetes than non-obese subjects. Among non-obese, diabetics have higher BMI, Fat
mass percentage and lower lean body mass percentage. The levels of insulin were signicantly higher in diabetic obese subjects. HOMAIR
(P≤0.0001) and Postprandial glucose (P≤0.05) showed negative independent effect and QUICKI (P≤0.0001) showed positive independent effect
on the levels of ghrelin. BMI (P≤0.05) showed a positive effect and lean body mass percentage (P≤0.0001) showed an inverse effect on levels of
leptin.
Conclusion: It is evident from the study that low levels of ghrelin are predominantly associated with diabetes parameters when compared to
parameters of obesity and on the contrary increased leptin levels have much stronger association with measures of obesity than diabetes. Evidence
of altered leptin and ghrelin levels in these disorders infers vice versa, their respective roles in obesity and lean diabetes.
“EFFECT OF HOMOEOPATHIC MEDICINE TRIBULUS TERRESTRIS Q, 6C, 12C, 30C, 200C, 1M AS AN INHIBITOR OF CALCIUM OXALATE AND CALCIUM PHOSPHATE CRYSTALLIZATION IN VITRO STUDY”
Authors: Shankar Gowda Sharada , A. Khan Tanveer , Namdeo Ajay , H. Shinde Chetan
Published: October 2021

Background: Urolithiasis is one of the common conditions in the society and it needs medical attention due to its increase in prevalence. The use of the homeopathic medicines has found to be,of great importance in the treatment of urolithiasis and certainly homoeopathy is a promising eld in this condition. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the mechanism of urolithiasis and the inhibitory action of homeopathic drug Tribulus terrestris by in vitro experiment. Materials and Method: Homoeopathic preparation of Tribulus terrestris Q, 6C, 12C, 30C, 200C, 1M was planned to evaluate in vitro calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate crystallization using spectro-photometric and colorimetric assay respectively. Considering the role of reactive oxygen species as one of the etiological factors in stone formation, effective antioxidant activity of Tribulus terrestris was also performed by 2,2- diphenyl -1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging assay. Result: Tribulus terrestris Q, 200C and 1M exerted maximum inhibition as 33.62%, 23.89% and 23.00% respectively to calcium oxalate nucleation assay whereas, Tribulus terrestris Q, 6C, 12C, 30C, 200C, 1M exerted maximum inhibition to calcium oxalate aggregation assay up to 76.19%. Tribulus terrestris 12C and 30C showed maximum inhibition as 82.28% and 16. 21% to calcium and phosphate ions respectively. Presence of antioxidant activity by DPPH radical assay for Tribulus terrestris Q and 12C which showed percentage inhibition as 33.11% and 0.95% respectively. Conclusions:Homoeopathic preparation Tribulus terrestris has potential effect on inhibition of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate crystallization and also homoeopathic preparation of Tribulus terrestris is capable of showing presence of phytochemicals; anti-oxidant activity when performed by in vitro experiment.
RETROSPECTIVE STUDY OF CLINICAL & EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF PATIENTS UNDERGOING PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION WITH THEIR FOLLOW-UP
Authors: Washimkar Sunil , Parikh Rohan , Rajput Atul Singh , Deshmukh Pradeep
Published: October 2021

Aim:To study clinical and epidemiological parameters of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and to follow them up for
understanding outcomes of procedure.
Materials & methods:This is retrospective data analysis of 862 patients who underwent PCI from January 2016 to November 2017
Results: Out of 862 patients, 611 (70.88%) were male & 251 (29.12%) were female, with mean age being 55. 243 (28.19%) were diabetic, 470
(54.52%) were hypertensive, 158 (18.32%) patients were tobacco chewer, 215 (24.92%) were smokers & 111 (12.87%) were alcoholic. 636
(73.78%) patients had STEMI, 153 (17.74%) had NSTE-ACS, 61 (7.07%) had CSA.578 (67.05%) were SVD, 262 (30.39%) were DVD & 19
(2.20%) were TVD. Out of SVD, 350 (60.55%) patients had LAD involvement and among DVD patients, LAD & RCA were most commonly
involved in 107 (40.83%) patients. On follow-up of mean 604.42 days (minimum 236 days, maximum 909 days), 2 (0.23%) episodes of subacute
stent thrombosis occurred & 11 (1.27%) patients had ISR but no mortality was reported.
Summary: The study shows affection of young population predominately and gender inequality suggesting primarily male disease. PCI is often
sought in ACS and CSAis predominately treated medically. Thrombolysis still remains the rst treatment received by STEMI patients. SVD is the
most common angiographic diagnosis with LAD predominately affected vessel. This real world-data on clopidogrel with aspirin as dual antiplatelet therapy and second generation stent shows negligible event of stent thrombosis & ISR.
Limitation: Due to non-invasive follow-up, exact amount of stent restenosis can not be calculated.
Impact on daily practice:
This real world-data on clopidogrel with aspirin as dual anti-platelet therapy and second generation stent shows negligible event of stent
thrombosis & ISR. This can help reduce cost burden on society and help better distribution of health budget.
STUDY OF BRAIN-NATRIURETIC PEPTIDE, LACTATE LEVELS AND BLOOD PRESSURE IN PATIENTS WITH CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE
Authors: Khilji Shahrukh , Fiza Bushra , Akhtar Shehreen , Prakash Jai , Sinha Maheep
Published: October 2021

INTRODUCTION: Congestive Heart Failure is a complex physiological syndrome caused from structural or functional alterations to the myocardium. Lactate is produced by anaerobic metabolism and is secreted by the Brain-Natriuretic peptide heart ventricles in response to left ventricular stretching or wall tension. AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate Brain-Natriuretic Peptide, Lactate levels and Blood pressure in Congestive Heart Failure patients and compared them with healthy individual. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Total 80 participants who fullled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. They were divided into two group i.e., case and control group. Case group included 40 patients of Congestive Heart Failure, age between 18-65 years and control group comprised of 40 healthy individuals with similar age range. Blood sample were drawn and analyzed for the evaluation of Serum lactate and Brain-Natriuretic Peptide. Blood Pressure was also measured in both the groups. RESULT: The present study has demonstrated that the level of Brain-Natriuretic Peptide and lactate were signicantly high in Congestive heart failure patients when compared with control group. Systolic and Diastolic blood pressure were also higher among patients group. CONCLUSION: The results of the study suggested that the levels of Lactate and Brain-Natriuretic Peptide were high in Congestive heart failure patients when compared with healthy individual. Systolic and Diastolic blood pressure were also higher among patients group. Elevated lactate and Brain-Natriuretic Peptide level can be recommended as useful indicator of poor prognosis and hence can be helpful in early identication of patients at risk.
POST COVID ORAL MUCORMYCOSIS AN EARLY LESION ON THE PALATE: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Parmar Gunvant. , Bhut Mitul. , jhala Stuti.
Published: October 2021

Covid-19 is an infection caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2. During second wave in India a serious fungal infection known
as black fungus, mucormycosis has been increasingly found in covid -19 recovered patients. It causes necrosis in the head and neck region
including nose, paransal sinuses, orbits and facial bones and intracranial spread. If not diagnosed early this disease progresses rapidly causing high
mortality and high morbidity. A case of 60 year old female patient of post covid home isolation with very mild symptoms only of red lesion on the
palate. We are presenting this rare case for its clinical ndings and awareness.
Genders In Speed Reading; A Comparative Study At The Forth Semester Students In Faculty Of Culture, Management, And Business Language Education Mandalika University Of Education
Authors: Terasne Terasne , Setianingsih Tri
Published: October 2021

Genders in Speed Reading; A Comparative Study at the Forth Semester Students in Faculty of Culture, Management, and Business, Language Education, This study aimed to compare male and female students’ ability in speed reading. The population of this study were the forth semester students at Faculty of Culture, Management, and Business, Language Education Mandalika University of Education in academic year 2020/2021. There were 60 students as the sample of the study in which divided into class IVA for male consisted of 30 students and class IVB for female consisted of 30 students. Data was collected by using timed reading. The data were analyzed and interpreted statistically by using a comparative method. They study found that both students ability in speed reading male and female, was bad. They are very slow readers. The data showed 11 out of 30 male students (37%) are categorized to be low readers and-19 out of 30 male students (63%) was categorized as very slow readers. Similarly 8 out of 30 female students (27%) were categorized as low readers and 22 out of 30 female students (73%) are categorized as very slow readers. There were no significant differences between genders in speed reading. The study shows the t-test value 0.298 was lower than t-table values of 2.000 at confidence level 95% and 2.660 at confidence level 99%.
Perpaduan Penggunaan WhatsApp Grup dan Google Class Room Pada Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Mindartin Yayu
Published: October 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas IX SMPN 1 Taliwang di masa pandemi covid-19 pada mata pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia dengan memadukan penggunaan media pembelajaran WatshApp Grup dan Google Class Room. Penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) ini di laksanakan di SMPN 1 Taliwang KSB pada kelas IX semester genap tahun pelajaran 2020/2021 dengan jumlah siswa 26 orang yang terdiri dari 6 siswa laki-laki dan 20 siswa perempuan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus dengan metode pembelajaran daring dalam kurun waktu 24 kali pertemuan termasuk tes harian, ujian tengah semester (UTS) dan Ujian Akhir Semester (UAS). Analisis data penelitian tindakan ini hanya dibatasi pada penyajian data tes harian yang dilakukan sebanyak 4 kali, UTS dan UAS. Hasil analisis data penelitian ini disajikan dalam bentuk tabel distribusi frekuensi dan diagram batang yang menunjukkan peningkatan hasil belajar siswa. Hasil Penelitian PTK ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa perpaduan penggunaan WatshApp Grup dan Google Class Room tidak hanya mampu meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran daring. Namun disisi lain, penelitian ini mampu memberikan dampak pada pola pikir dan perubahan keperibadian guru dalam membuat perencanaan pembelajaran yang sistematis dan terukur berdasarkan hasil refleksi diri.
The Ontological Metaphor In Mambere Tungkot, Duda-Duda, And Sulang-Sulang Pahompu In Batak Simalungunese Tradition In North Sumatra Indonesia
Authors: Girsang Martina , Silalahi Charles David Marudut , Sembiring Elita Modesta Br , Sianturi Srisofian
Published: October 2021

This paper describes and analyzes the ontological metaphor language in a traditional Batak Simalungunese tribe, Mambere Tungkot, Duda-Duda, and Sulang-Sulang Pahompu in North Sumatra, Indonesia. This study aims to present an analytical view of the customary tradition of thanking parents for their contribution to one’s life. This is carried out in regular conversation through the language of metaphors, in particular, ontology metaphors. Ontological metaphors describe human qualities that are given to nonhuman entities (Kovesces, 2010: 33-38).  This study applies the descriptive qualitative method to discuss the ontological metaphor depicted in the traditional ceremony. The data of the research were taken from the utterances of the speakers, namely: master of the ceremony, parents, and children involved in the ceremony. The concept of this study is the communication theory in the context of the ontological metaphor to analyze the data. The result of the study shows that most of the utterances in the traditional ceremony use ontological metaphors.
Increase In Macro Nutrients By Adding Banana Waste To Liquid Organic Fertilizer
Authors: Hendrawani Hendrawani , Hatimah Husnul , Hulyadi Hulyadi
Published: October 2021

Liquid organic fertilizer is a solution from the fermentation of organic materials by involving microorganisms as a destructor of macromolecular compounds into minerals that are easily absorbed by plants. The quality of organic fertilizers is the main ingredient to get productive plants. The quality of organic fertilizer is determined by the concentration of macro nutrients such as nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and phosphorus. Getting high amounts of macronutrients fertilized organically is not easy. Macro-nutrients in organic waste with high concentrations are very difficult to obtain because each organic waste does not have all three macro-nutrients simultaneously. It takes a combination of organic waste to increase the concentration of macro nutrients in organic fertilizers. The combination of tofu whey with banana waste is one technique to obtain organic fertilizers that are high in phosphorus content. This study aims to obtain the effect and conditions of fermentation on the addition of mass of banana waste to produce optimum levels of phosphorus (P) in liquid fertilizer of tofu waste. The type of research used is pre-experimental research. The design of this study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors, namely the first factor was the mass of banana waste (X) (X1 = 250 grams, X2 = 500 grams, X3 = 750 grams) and the second factor was the fermentation time (Y) (Y1 = 14 days, Y2 = 28 days, Y3 = 42 days). Determination of phosphorus content using UV-Vis spectroscopy instrument. Parameters measured were phosphorus (P) levels in liquid organic fertilizer. The independent variables in this study were the mass of banana waste and fermentation time, while the dependent variable in this study was the phosphorus content of the liquid fertilizer produced. The results of the analysis show that the phosphorus content (P) produced is X1Y1 = 0.1%, X2Y1 = 0.5%, X3Y1 = 0.09%, X1Y2 = 0.5%, X2Y2 = 2%, X3Y2 = 1.9 %, X1Y3 = 0.2%, X2Y3 = 0.5% and X3Y3 = 0.5%. There is an effect with the addition of a mass of banana waste as much as 250 grams at a 12-day fermentation time. It can be concluded that the liquid fertilizer produced has exceeded the SNI quality standard.
УПРАВЛІННЯ ЯКІСТЮ ПРОДУКЦІЇ В СИСТЕМІ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПРОМОЖНОСТІ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА
Authors: Вовк М. В.
Published: October 2021

У даній публікації висвітлено найважливіші питання функціонування системи управління якістю на підприємстві. Проаналізовано вплив системи управління якістю продукції на її конкурентоспро-можність. Досліджено розвиток системи управління якістю продукції, а також обґрунтовано принципи фор-мування та функціонування систем якості, які впливають на конкурентоспроможність самого підприємства. Доведено, що в системі широкомасштабної глобалізації зміцнення конкурентоспроможності набуває надзви-чайно важливого значення, адже не завжди керівники підприємств здатні швидко адаптуватися до сучасних мінливих умов бізнес-середовища, що становить велику загрозу подальшому ефективному функціонуванню підприємства. Для цього проаналізовано сучасні концепції управління якістю, основні принципи системи управ-ління якістю, а також зовнішні і внутрішні чинники, які впливають на якість продукції. Обгрунтовано, що першочергове завдання, яке постає перед керівництвом підприємства, - це розробка заходів щодо впроваджен-ня на практиці сертифікованої системи якості. Це забезпечить вищий рівень довіри у споживачів і партнерів у порівнянні з іншими підприємствами, тим самим зміцнивши його конкурентні позиції на ринку. Також пока-зано, які переваги вітчизняним підприємствам дає дане впровадження на практиці. Запропоновано основні напрями покращення управління якістю продукції на підприємствах через імплементацію системи управління якістю, яка відповідає стандартам ISO, та вико-ристання в практиці вітчизняних підприємств інтегрованих систем управління якістю. Це, в свою чергу, зміцнить конкурентні переваги підприємства через застосування системного і процесного підходів до управління підприємством, залучення інвестицій в інтелектуальний капітал, забезпечить підприємству високу ринкову позицію, а отже і сприятиме розвитку регіонів, де такі підприємства розташовані.
Exacavating the Memory of Slavery in Léonora Miano’s La Saison de l’ombre (2013) and Toni Morrison’s Beloved (1988)
Authors: SENE Abib , Keïta Fatoumata
Published: October 2021

Regarded as a state of servitude through which an individual or a group of persons is compelled to work their guts out without any possibility to get compensated or rewarded, slavery, for some centuries, had been implemented under various forms from one country to another. From the antiquity to the twentieth century, thralldom had been a profitable business that gangrened the African continent. Thus being, African and African American thinkers shoulder the mission to dust archives and lift the curtain of history to retell and re-narrate the episode of drudgery; among them Leonoa Miano and Toni Morrison. The purpose of this article is to examine the trauma of slavery from a comparative, matrifocal, and Afrocentric perspective so as to highlight commonalities and differences between Leonora Miano’s La Saison de l’ombre and Toni Morrison’s Beloved. Inspired by the infamous history of slavery, these two award-winning novels not only conjure up the ordeal of slavery, but they also catalyze its haunting memory for the sake of healing, so that both characters and readers could be cleansed off its tantalizing grip and achieve catharsis and redemption. To this end, La Saison de l’ombre and Beloved are woven around feminine counter-narratives that exhibit counter-memories which are often glossed over or overlooked in both African and Euro-American phallocentric official narratives. Whereas La Saison de l’ombre spotlights the Africans’ role in the process of slavery, Beloved highlights the tragedy of a maternal love in a context of bondage. Through a comparative approach, we have spotlighted the whole process of slavery, from the captivity in Africa to enslavement in America.
Challenges in Learning Legal English from Students’ Perspective at Hanoi Law University
Authors: Nhac Huong
Published: October 2021

Legal English, also known as Language of the Law (Mellinkoff, 2004), is an dispensible factor contributing to the development of legal field. At Hanoi Law University, Legal English is a compulsory subject in the syllabus of legal English majors and International Trade Law majors. The question that what obstacles students face when dealing with legal English, however, has not been fully answered at this institution. This present research,which makes use of survey questionnaires as the main method, aims to study the challenges of learning legal English from the students’ perspective. The results indicate notable difficulties arising from the distinctive characteristics of legal English, differences in legal systems between jurisdictions and insufficient background knowledge of the laws. It is expected that these findings propose a number of practical recommendations in order to improve the effectiveness of the process of learning and teaching legal English.
What happened to microbiological diagnosis in 2020 beyond COVID-19?
Authors: Cercenado Emilia ,   Servicio de Microbiología y Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Departamento de Medicina. Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense. Madrid
Published: October 2021

The global pandemic of COVID-19 has had negative repercussions on the activities and research in clinical microbiology laboratories other than those related to SARS-CoV-2. Nonetheless, the research activity has also continued in other fields. In this brief review, some of the recent publications related to new diagnostic tests, methods for rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing and for the detection of resistance genes, new diagnostic technologies, and some aspects related to old and emergent pathogens (Candida auris, Elizabethkingia spp. Streptococcus pyogenes) are summarized.
RedLabRA; a Spanish Network of Microbiology Laboratories for the Surveillance of Antibiotic Resistant Microorganisms
Authors: Cañada-García Javier E. , Pérez-Vázquez María , Oteo-Iglesias Jesús ,   Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Published: October 2021

There is an urgent need to control the clinical and public health impact that antibiotic resistance (AR) causes worldwide. Any measure for its control must be based on an up-to-date and comprehensive knowledge of the situation. However, it is difficult to determine the current dimension of AR because a large part of the available information is based on heterogeneous, insufficiently unified and retrospective data. The integration of genomic information in the surveillance of AR is another important factor for improvement. The Spanish Network of Laboratories for the Surveillance of Resistant Microorganisms (RedLabRA) is a structured network of interconnected microbiology laboratories developed within the Spanish National Plan against Antibiotic Resistance. Its main objective is to support the diagnosis of resistance to antibiotics, integrating molecular characterization in the surveillance.
Dalbavancin
Authors: Barberán José , de la Cuerda Alicia , Barberán Lourdes Cristina ,   Servicio de Medicina Interna – Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario HM Montepríncipe, Universidad San Pablo CEU, Madrid, Spain.
Published: October 2021

Dalbavancin is a long-acting antimicrobial agent with an excellent in vitro activity against Gram-positive pathogens, including staphylococcal biofilms. The unusually long terminal half-life ranging from 149 to 250 hours in human subjects, allows a weekly dose. Currently is indicated in acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs), but in real-life clinical practice it has already been used successfully and safely in other infections, especially as consolidation therapy.
A Mind Genomics-Based Cartography to Assess the Effects of the COVID19 pandemic in the tourism industry
Authors: Papajorgji Petraq , Ilollari Orkida , Civici Adrian , Moskowitz Howard
Published: October 2021

This study aims to understand what Albanians think about the tourism business and the likely impact of Covid-19 on tourism in Albania. A Mind Genomics-based cartography assessed the different aspects of tourism, with a response from 4800 people out of 7000 invited. Mind Genomics is a new science based on regression models, data mining and clustering techniques. Only 38% of Albanians are optimistic about summer vacations. Two mindsets of Albanian respondents emerged from the study. Around 52.5% of participants belong to the pessimistic mindset about having vacations at all. The remainder, 47.5% of participants belong to the “cautious” group; they would wait for a “reasonable” offer to decide
ANALYSIS OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES USED IN BACKEND DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Букреев Леонид Вячеславович , Шпаковский Георигий Андреевивич , Калюжный Евгений Романович , Красноусов Виктор Михайлович , Зариковская Наталья Вячеславовна
Published: October 2021

В данной статье рассматривается одно из направлений в современной разработке программного обеспечения, а именно backend, рассматриваются основные инструменты, которыми пользуются разработчики, с оглядкой на платформу, которая будет использовать данную backend.

This article examines one of the directions in modern software development, namely the backend, examines the main tools used by developers, with an eye to the platform that will use this backend.
Vesicular virgular apparatus in the graptolite Orthograptus calcaratus
Authors: Bjerreskov M.
Published: October 2021

A pyritized virgular apparatus (nematularium) has been observed in Orthograptus calcaratus s.l. (Lap­worth) from the Pleurograptus linearis Zone in the Ordovician Dicellograptus Shale on Bornholm, Den­mark. Specimens preserved in full relief show the free part of the nematularium to be circular in cross sec­tion, 0.5 mm in diameter, surrounded by a carbon film, and infilled with pyrite. The surface is covered by rounded elongated hummocks that generally are irregularly arranged but in a few cases lie in one row or are paired. SEM investigations of cross sections reveal that the nematularium has internal carbonized membranes surrounding vesicular tissue. These virgular structures form in the distal part of the thecae portion of the rhabdosome.
This new type of vesicular nematularium is unique as earlier observations on other diplograptids showed the nematularia to be single-walled, with two or three vanes. The formation of the vesicular virgular ap­paratus and its life function is discussed: it most likely had a floating and/or stabilizing function, and may have contained buoyant material, such as vacuolated tissue with fat globules or gas inclusions.
Optical Properties of Graptolite Epiderm A Review
Authors: Goodarzi F. , Norford B. S.
Published: October 2021

Studies of optical properties of the skeletal materials of graptolites show progressive changes of reflec­tance, bireflectance, refractive index and absorptive index with maximum temperatures caused by depths of burial, metamorphism or tectonic disturbance. Samples of Lower Ordovician to Upper Silurian grapto­lites were selected from across Canada, at locations where the Conodont Alteration Indices of adjacent conodont collections provide temperature control. Maximum reflectance in oil and bireflectance appear to be the characters most diagnostic of maximum temperature and show progressively higher rates of in­crease at higher temperatures. These factors show potential for sensitive discrimination of temperatures at high levels of Conodont Alteration Indices.
Besides depth of burial, variables that have some effect on the optical properties include the composi­tion of rock matrix, thermal metamorphism, mineralization and oxidation. The effects of morphological orientation and the taxonomical attributes of graptolites as yet are uncertain.
Adelograptus tenellus (Linnarsson 1871):
its astogenetic development and its stratigraphical and palaeogeographical distribution
Authors: Maletz J. , Erdtmann B.-D.
Published: October 2021

The graptolite fauna of the Tremadoc graptolite zone of Clonograptus tenellus from the type locality at Ny­gard, Hunneberg, west-central Sweden, has been reinvestigated. Differences between the genera Adelo­graptus and Clonograptus are shown. Clonograptus tenellus is transferred to Adelograptus as A. tenellus with Clonograptus hians and Clonograptus sarmentosus treated as intraspecifical forms of younger (var. hians) or gerontomorphic (var. sarmentosus) growth stages. A. hunnebergensis as a laterally preserved younger form (compatible with var. hians) becomes a synonym of the older name A. tenellus. It may be concluded that the post-mortem orientation and mode of rhabdosome burial has a great influence on the taxonomic identification of graptolites. A short account on the palaeogeographic distribution and strati­graphic correlation follows.
Design aspects of Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ THz sources: optimization of thermal and radiative properties
Authors: Krasnov Mikhail M , Novikova Natalia D , Cattaneo Roger , Kalenyuk Alexey A , Krasnov Vladimir M
Published: October 2021

Impedance matching and heat management are important factors influencing performance of THz sources. In this work we analyze thermal and radiative properties of such devices based on mesa structures of a layered high-temperature superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ. Two types of devices are considered, containing either a conventional large single crystal, or a whisker. We perform numerical simulations for various geometrical configurations and parameters and make a comparison with experimental data for the two types of devices. It is demonstrated that the structure and the geometry of both the superconductor and the electrodes are playing important roles. In crystal-based devices an overlap between the crystal and the electrode leads to appearance of a large parasitic capacitance, which shunts THz emission and prevents impedance matching with open space. The overlap is avoided in whisker-based devices. Furthermore, the whisker and the electrodes form a turnstile (crossed-dipole) antenna facilitating good impedance matching. This leads to more than an order of magnitude enhancement of the radiation power efficiency in whisker-based, compared to crystal-based devices. These results are in good agreement with presented experimental data.
Instruments for assessing loneliness in older people in Portugal: a Scoping Review protocol
Authors:   University of Aveiro, Carvalho Rita , Tavares João , Sousa Liliana
Published: October 2021

Review question / Objective: The objective of this scoping review is to map the instruments validate for the Portuguese older population (65+ years old) that assess loneliness; and to identify their psychometric properties and contexts where they have been in use. The questions for this scoping review are: What are the validated instruments for Portugal that assess loneliness in the older individuals? What are the psychometric properties of those instruments? In which contexts were the loneliness assessment instruments used? Eligibility criteria: Participants – This scoping review will consider all studies that included older adults with 65 years and over. Concept – This review will be included studies that assess loneliness or cover loneliness by validated instruments that address different dimensions, including, but not limited to, emotional or social. Context – This scoping review will consider studies that used validated instruments the loneliness in Portuguese older adults including, but not limited to the context of community, intermediate care, long-term care or acute care. Types of sources - This scoping review will consider quantitative and mixed-method studies. In the quantitative designs include experimental, quasi-experimental, observational and analytical observational studies including prospective and retrospective cohort studies, case-control studies, and analytical cross-sectional studies will be considered for inclusion. This review will also consider descriptive observational study designs including case series, individual case reports, and descriptive cross-sectional studies for inclusion.
Long Term Evolution of Surface Features on the Red Supergiant AZ Cyg
Authors: Norris Ryan P. , Baron Fabien R. , Monnier John D. , Paladini Claudia , Anderson Matthew D. , Martinez Arturo O. , Schaefer Gail H. , Che Xiao , Chiavassa Andrea , Connelley Michael S. , Farrington Christopher D. , Gies Douglas R. , Kiss László L. , Lester John B. , Montargès Miguel , Neilson Hilding R. , Majoinen Olli , Pedretti Ettore , Ridgway Stephen T. , Roettenbacher Rachael M. , Scott Nicholas J. , Sturmann Judit , Sturmann Laszlo , Thureau Nathalie , Vargas Norman , ten Brummelaar Theo A.
Published: October 2021

We present H-band interferometric observations of the red supergiant (RSG) AZ Cyg that were made with the Michigan Infra-Red Combiner (MIRC) at the six-telescope Center for High Angular Resolution Astronomy (CHARA) Array. The observations span 5 yr (2011–2016), which offers insight into the short and long-term evolution of surface features on RSGs. Using a spectrum of AZ Cyg obtained with SpeX on the NASA InfraRed Telescope Facility (IRTF) and synthetic spectra calculated from spherical MARCS, spherical PHOENIX, and SAtlas model atmospheres, we derive T
eff is between 3972 K and 4000 K and

log

g

between −0.50 and 0.00, depending on the stellar model used. Using fits to the squared visibility and GAIA parallaxes, we measure its average radius

R
=

911

−
50

+
57

R

⊙

. Reconstructions of the stellar surface using our model-independent imaging codes SQUEEZE and OITOOLS.jl show a complex surface with small bright features that appear to vary on a timescale of less than one year and larger features that persist for more than one year. The 1D power spectra of these images suggest a characteristic size of 0.52–0.69 R
⋆ for the larger, long lived features. This is close to the values of 0.51–0.53 R
⋆ that are derived from 3D RHD models of stellar surfaces. We conclude that interferometric imaging of this star is in line with predictions of 3D RHD models but that short-term imaging is needed to more stringently test predictions of convection in RSGs.
ALMA CO Observations of the Mixed-morphology Supernova Remnant W49B: Efficient Production of Recombining Plasma and Hadronic Gamma Rays via Shock–Cloud Interactions
Authors: Sano H. , Yoshiike S. , Yamane Y. , Hayashi K. , Enokiya R. , Tokuda K. , Tachihara K. , Rowell G. , Filipović M. D. , Fukui Y.
Published: October 2021

We carried out new CO(J = 2–1) observations toward the mixed-morphology supernova remnant (SNR) W49B with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. We found that CO clouds at ∼10 km s−1 show a good spatial correspondence to the synchrotron radio continuum as well as to an X-ray deformed shell. The bulk mass of molecular clouds accounts for the western part of the shell, not the eastern shell, where near-infrared H2 emission is detected. The molecular clouds at ∼10 km s−1 show higher kinetic temperatures of ∼20–60 K, suggesting that modest shock heating occurred. The expanding motion of the clouds with ΔV ∼ 6 km s−1 was formed by strong winds from the progenitor system. We argue that the barrel-like structure of Fe-rich ejecta was possibly formed not only by an asymmetric explosion, but also by interactions with dense molecular clouds. We also found a negative correlation between the CO intensity and the electron temperature of recombining plasma, implying that the origin of the high-temperature recombining plasma in W49B can be understood to be the thermal conduction model. The total energy of accelerated cosmic-ray protons W
p is estimated to be ∼2 × 1049 erg by adopting an averaged gas density of ∼650 ± 200 cm−3. The SNR age–W
p diagram indicates that W49B shows one of the highest in situ values of W
p among gamma-ray-bright SNRs.
On the Use of Field RR Lyrae As Galactic Probes: IV. New Insights Into and Around the Oosterhoff Dichotomy*
Authors: Fabrizio M. , Braga V. F. , Crestani J. , Bono G. , Ferraro I. , Fiorentino G. , Iannicola G. , Preston G. W. , Sneden C. , Thévenin F. , Altavilla G. , Chaboyer B. , Dall’Ora M. , da Silva R. , Grebel E. K. , Gilligan C. K. , Lala H. , Lemasle B. , Magurno D. , Marengo M. , Marinoni S. , Marrese P. M. , Martínez-Vázquez C. E. , Matsunaga N. , Monelli M. , Mullen J. P. , Neeley J. , Nonino M. , Prudil Z. , Salaris M , Stetson P. B. , Valenti E. , Zoccali M.
Published: October 2021

We discuss the largest and most homogeneous spectroscopic data set of field RR Lyrae variables (RRLs) available to date. We estimated abundances using both high-resolution and low-resolution (ΔS method) spectra for fundamental (RRab) and first overtone (RRc) RRLs. The iron abundances for 7941 RRLs were supplemented with similar estimates that are available in the literature, ending up with 9015 RRLs (6150 RRab, 2865 RRc). The metallicity distribution shows a mean value of 〈[Fe/H]〉 = −1.51 ± 0.01, and σ(standard deviation) = 0.41 dex with a long metal-poor tail approaching [Fe/H] ≃ − 3 and a sharp metal-rich tail approaching solar iron abundance. The RRab variables are more metal-rich (〈[Fe/H]〉ab = −1.48 ± 0.01, σ = 0.41 dex) than RRc variables (〈[Fe/H]〉c = −1.58 ± 0.01, σ = 0.40 dex). The relative fraction of RRab variables in the Bailey diagram (visual amplitude versus period) located along the short-period (more metal-rich) and the long-period (more metal-poor) sequences are 80% and 20%, while RRc variables display an opposite trend, namely 30% and 70%, respectively. We found that the pulsation period of both RRab and RRc variables steadily decreases when moving from the metal-poor to the metal-rich regime. The visual amplitude shows the same trend, but RRc amplitudes are almost two times more sensitive than RRab amplitudes to metallicity. We also investigated the dependence of the population ratio (N
c
/Ntot) of field RRLs on the metallicity and we found that the distribution is more complex than in globular clusters. The population ratio steadily increases from ∼0.25 to ∼0.36 in the metal-poor regime, it decreases from ∼0.36 to ∼0.18 for −1.8 ≤ [Fe/H] ≤ −0.9 and it increases to a value of ∼0.3 approaching solar iron abundance.
Evidence of Accretion Burst: The Viscously Heated Inner Disk of the Embedded Protostar IRAS 16316-1540
Authors: Yoon Sung-Yong , Lee Jeong-Eun , Lee Seokho , Herczeg Gregory J. , Park Sunkyung , Mace Gregory N. , Lee Jae-Joon , Jaffe Daniel T.
Published: October 2021

Outbursts of young stellar objects occur when the mass accretion rate suddenly increases. However, such outbursts are difficult to detect for deeply embedded protostars due to their thick envelope and the rarity of outbursts. The near-IR spectroscopy is a useful tool to identify ongoing outburst candidates by the characteristic absorption features that indicate a disk origin. However, without high-resolution spectroscopy, the spectra of outburst candidates can be confused with the late-type stars since they have similar spectral features. For the protostar IRAS 16316-1540, the near-IR spectrum has line equivalent widths that are consistent with M-dwarf photospheres. However, our high-resolution IGRINS spectra reveal that the absorption lines have boxy and/or double-peaked profiles, as expected from a disk and not the star. The continuum emission source is likely the hot, optically thick disk, heated by viscous accretion. The projected disk rotation velocity of 41 ± 5 km s−1 corresponds to ∼0.1 au. Based on the result, we suggest IRAS 16316-1540 as an ongoing outburst candidate. Viscous heating of disks is usually interpreted as evidence for ongoing bursts, which may be more common than previously estimated from low-resolution near-IR spectra.
Anisotropic Compact Stars in the Mimetic Gravitational Theory
Authors: Nashed G. G. L.
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we consider the mimetic gravitational theory to derive a novel category of anisotropic star models. To end and to put the resulting differential equations into a closed system, the form of the metric potential g

rr
as used by Tolman is assumed, as well as a linear form of the equation of state. The resulting energy momentum components, energy density, and radial and tangential pressures contain five constants: three of these are determined through the junction condition, matching the interior with the exterior Schwarzschild solution; the fourth is constrained by the vanishing of the radial pressure on the boundary; and the fifth is constrained by a real compact star. The physical acceptability of our model is tested using the data of the pulsar 4U 1820–30. The stability of this model is evaluated using the Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff equation and the adiabatic index, and it is shown to be stable. Finally, our model is challenged with other compact stars, demonstrating that it is consistent with those stars.
Identification and characterization of hybrids of Acipenser ruthenus and Acipenser baerii (Actinopterygii, Acipenseriformes) from the Irtysh River
Authors: Liberman Elizaveta , Chemagin Andrey , Volosnikov Gleb , Zhigileva Oxana
Published: October 2021

Two sturgeon species, Acipenser ruthenus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Acipenser baerii (Brandt, 1869), inhabit the Irtysh basin. In 2018, we received some “atypical” specimens of sturgeon, which were similar to A. ruthenus but had a number of pronounced external differences. The hybrids A. ruthenus × A. baerii, named “oster”, can sometimes be caught in natural habitats in the Ob and the Yenisei rivers. Despite the development of methods for the genetic identification of sturgeons, the molecular genetic characteristics of the hybrids of A. baerii and A. ruthenus have not been carried out. The purpose of this study is to develop a complex of morphological and genetic characters to identify the hybrid of A. ruthenus and A. baerii from the Irtysh River. We used a complex of morphological and genetic methods to compare the putative hybrids with parental species The putative hybrids were similar to A. ruthenus in the number of dorsal scutes, the number of rays in the dorsal and anal fins, the structure of stamens on the first gill arch, and the presence of fringe on the tendrils. The hybrids were similar to A. baerii in size and weight values, the structure of dorsal scutes, the number of lateral and ventral scutes, and the number of gill rakers on the first gill arch. Genotyping of putative hybrids by using the Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers revealed the presence of sites characteristic of both parental species. The fragment of the control region of mitochondrial DNA in the hybrids matched to that of A. baerii that allowed us to identify females of A. baerii as maternal individuals of the hybrids. Possible causes and factors promoting interspecific hybridization of A. ruthenus and A. baerii were studied. This is the first described fact of the appearance of sturgeon hybrids in the Ob-Irtysh basin. It is necessary to continue monitoring studies to identify the number of these hybrids in the ecological system of the Irtysh River. The data set of morphological characters and genetic methods can be used to identify the hybrids of A. ruthenus and A. baerii.
Un CAMSP , une kiné, des enfants : ainsi font, font, font…
Authors: Peyron Pascale
Published: October 2021

À l’approche de la retraite, l’autrice fait un retour sur sa carrière de kinésithérapeute en camsp . Elle retrace plus particulièrement certaines problématiques ou épisodes, qu’elle illustre par des rencontres parfois déterminantes, parfois traumatisantes, parfois heureuses, mais qui toujours lui ont permis d’avancer, de réfléchir, d’infléchir sa pratique. Sont abordées les questions sur la « vocation », le tiraillement entre technique et humanisme, le rôle de l’équipe pluridisciplinaire, les valeurs de respect, d’écoute, d’accompagnement, et l’importance de la transmission.
La construction d’un engagement
Authors: Magnier Anne , de Barbot Françoise , Frischmann Martine
Published: October 2021

Éducatrice spécialisée, l’auteure retrace son parcours : d’un établissement pour enfants avec une infirmité motrice cérébrale à un ime , puis un ssesd et enfin un camsp . Elle aborde des questions essentielles : quelle relation établir avec les parents, sans être intrusif, mais en respectant une juste distance, lorsque l’on intervient à domicile ? Comment aider le petit enfant à se développer, en s’adaptant à son rythme et en laissant place à sa créativité ? Comment soutenir et accompagner les parents ? Elle insiste sur l’importance du travail en équipe, des rencontres, de l’observation. Et, surtout, de la confiance en l’enfant.
Les tribulations d’une psychomotricienne
Authors: Guinot Michèle
Published: October 2021

Cet article s’appuie sur l’évolution de mon métier de thérapeute en psycho-motricité depuis plus de quarante années, et sur ma vision de la clinique des troubles psychomoteurs ou pédopsychiatriques au fil du temps.
D’éducatrice de jeunes enfants à directrice…, une recherche d’idéal de jardinage
Authors: Baron-Quillevere Michèle
Published: October 2021

Revisitant un parcours professionnel qui va d’éducatrice de jeunes enfants à directrice d’établissement médico-social, l’auteure partage son cheminement qui lui a permis de traverser différents champs depuis celui du handicap jusqu’à la protection de l’enfance. Un intérêt dessine son horizon : conjuguer pratique et théorie, l’une nourrie et/ou éclairée par la seconde. Son questionnement s’inscrit dans un environnement en mutation.
Itinéraire d’une pédopsychiatre en action précoce
Authors: Renault-Sarfaty Nathalie
Published: October 2021

Dans cet article, l’auteure retrace sa vie professionnelle et son évolution du secteur de la pédopsychiatrie sanitaire vers le secteur médico-social. Elle évoque la pertinence et la richesse du travail en camsp auprès de très jeunes enfants en situation ou à risque de handicap et de leurs familles. Dans une seconde partie l’auteure interroge les résultats et les conséquences des évolutions scientifiques, techniques et législatives du début des années 2000. Son analyse conclut à une baisse de la qualité de l’offre de soins et de scolarisation adaptée ainsi qu’à une déshumanisation progressive des rapports entre familles et professionnels, envahis par une technocratie et une bureaucratie distanciées de la réalité du terrain.