bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Perceptual Anthropology: The Cultural Salience of Symmetry
Authors: Washburn Dorothy
Published: November 2004

In this paper, I advance the position that knowledge about the universals of form perceived by the visual system is fundamental to a theory of how art communicates. I focus on how the perceptual system uses the universal property of symmetry to recognize and classify form. I propose that the symmetries that structure design parts in non‐representational geometric patterns metaphorically encode a culture's fundamental relationships about the world. This metaphorical use of the property of symmetry is illustrated by showing how bifold symmetries in ceramic design embody Puebloan concepts of life. [symmetry of pattern, perceptual universals, worldview in design structure, metaphorical readings]
Declining Odds: Kinship, Women's Employment, and Political Economy in Rural Mexico
Authors: Rothstein Frances Abrahamer
Published: November 2004

Some women in San Cosme Mazatecochco, a rural community in central Mexico, whose families have more diverse networks and a slight economic advantage, use the community's flexible kinship system to get more secure employment. But their ability to do so is limited by the larger political economy. As the Mexican economy deteriorates for working‐class Mexicans and the class system becomes more closed, more women participate in the labor force and more women have marginal employment, [political economy, kinship, women, class, Mexico]
Tsundu: Becoming a Lama./Mystic Vision, Sacred Art: Tibetan Thangka Painting in Kathmandu Valley
Authors: Given Brian J.
Published: November 2004

Tsundu: Becoming. Lama. 1997. 19 minutes, color. video by Raju Mani Gurung. Mystic Vision, Sacred Art: Tibetan Thangka Painting in Kathmandu Valley. 1996. 28 minutes, color. video by Raju Mani Gurung and Anne Kaufman. For more information, contact Documentary Educational Resources, 101 Morse Street, Watertown, MA 02472.
Makiko's New World
Authors: Chalfen Richard
Published: November 2004

Makiko's New World. 1999. 57 minutes, color. film by the Media Production Group of the Asian Educational Media Service, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign. Distributed by Documentary Educational Resources, 101 Morse Street, Water town, MA 02472.
The Primate Series
Authors: Strier Karen B.
Published: November 2004

The Primate Series. 1997. Seven videos, 10‐53 minutes each (244 minutes total), color. Videos by Anne Zeller. For more information contact Documentary Educational Resources, 101 Morse Street, Watertown, MA 02472.
Changing U.S. Urban Neighborhoods: Patterns, Postmodern Analysis, and Policy Relevance
Authors: Schneider Jo Anne
Published: November 2004

Left Behind in Rosedale: Race Relations and the Collapse of Community Institutions. Scott Cummings. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1998. 223 pp.

The Unknown City: The Lives of Poor and Working‐Class Young Adults. Michelle Fine and Lois Weis. Boston, MA: Beacon Press, 1998. 328 pp.

The Anthropology of Lower Income Urban Enclaves: The Case of East Harlem. Judith Freidenberg. ed. New York: New York Academy of Sciences, 1995. 286 pp.
Archaeology and Language I: Theoretical and Methodological Orientations
Authors: Dolukhanov Pavel
Published: November 2004

Archaeology and Language I: Theoretical and Methodological Orientations. Roger Blench and Matthew Spriggs. eds. New York: Routledge, 1997. 388 pp.
Mummies and Mortuary Monuments: A Postprocessual Prehistory of Central Andean Social Organization
Authors: McAnany Patrica A.
Published: November 2004

Mummies and Mortuary Monuments:. Postprocessual Prehistory of Central Andean Social Organization. William H. Isbell. University of Texas Press, 1997. 372 pp.
A Hunter‐Gatherer Landscape: Southwest Germany in the Late Paleolithic and Mesolithic
Authors: Kelly Robert
Published: November 2004

. Hunter‐Gatherer Landscape: Southwest Germany in the Late Paleolithic and Mesolithic. Michael A. Jochim. New York: Plenum, 1998. 248 pp.
Japanese Images of Nature: Cultural Perspectives
Authors: Allison Anne
Published: November 2004

Japanese Images of Nature: Cultural Perspectives. Pamela J. Asquith and Arne Kalland. eds. Richmond Surrey, UK: Curzon, 1997. 290 pp.
Sponsored Identities: Cultural Politics in Puerto Rico
Authors: Medina Laurie Kroshus
Published: November 2004

Sponsored Identities: Cultural Politics in Puerto Rico. Arlene M. Davila. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1997. 302 pp.
Romantic Love and Sexual Behavior: Perspectives from the Social Sciences
Authors: Terry Martha Ann
Published: November 2004

Romantic Love and Sexual Behavior: Perspectives from the Social Sciences. Victor C. De Munck. ed. Westport, CT: Praeger, 1998.312 pp.
Nuclear Rites: A Weapons Laboratory at the End of the Cold War
Authors: Reed Michael C.
Published: November 2004

Nuclear Rites:. Weapons Laboratory at the End of the Cold War. Hugh Gusterson. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998.370 pp.
Hair: Its Power and Meaning in Asian Cultures
Authors: Mageo Jeannette
Published: November 2004

Hair: Its Power and Meaning in Asian Cultures. Alf Hiltebeitel and Barbara D. Miller. eds. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1998. 298 pp.
Science, Reason, and Anthropology: The Principles of Rational Inquiry
Authors: Byrne Bryan
Published: November 2004

Science, Reason, and Anthropology: The Principles of Rational Inquiry. James Lett. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, Inc., 1997. 151pp.
Life among the Yanomami: The Story of Change among the Xilixana on the Mucajai River in Brazil
Authors: Sponsel Leslie E.
Published: November 2004

Life among the Yanomami: The Story of Change among the Xilixana on the Mucajai River in Brazil. John F. Peters. Peterborough, ON: Broadview Press, 1998. 292 pp.
The Social Life of Trees: Anthropological Perspectives on Tree Symbolism
Authors: Sharpe Barrie
Published: November 2004

The Social Life of Trees: Anthropological Perspectives on Tree Symbolism. Laura Rival. ed. New York: Berg Publishers, 1998.315 pp.
Outward Appearances: Dressing State and Society in Indonesia
Authors: Hughes‐Freeland Felicia
Published: November 2004

Outward Appearances: Dressing State and Society in Indonesia. Henk Schulte Nordholt. ed. Leiden, Netherlands: KITLV Press, 1997. 327 pp.
Beads and Bead Makers: Gender, Material Culture and Meaning
Authors: Daly Catherine
Published: November 2004

Beads and Bead Makers: Gender, Material Culture and Meaning. Lidia D. Sciama and Joanne B. Eicher. eds. New York; Berg Publishers, 1998. 317 pp.
Voyages: From Tongan Villages to American Suburbs
Authors: Burton Mike
Published: November 2004

Voyages: From Tongan Villages to American Suburbs. Cathy A, Small. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1997. 252 pp.
The Gendered Worlds of Latin American Women Workers
Authors: Keren Donna J.
Published: November 2004

The Gendered Worlds of Latin American Women Workers. John D. French and Daniel James. eds. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1998. 320 pp.
Nonresponse in Household Interview Surveys
Authors: Salo Matt T.
Published: November 2004

Nonresponse in Household Interview Surveys. Robert M. Groves and Mick P. Couper New York: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1998. 344 pp.
The Weak Suffer What They Must: A Natural Experiment in Thought and Structure
Authors: Durrenberger E. Paul , Erem Suzan
Published: November 2004

Because of a change at a hospital, we are able to contrast two different structures of leadership in a union worksite. Since we had tested a cognitive construct we call "union consciousness" before the change, the difference in structure provides a natural experiment to determine the consequences of structural change for cognition. We repeated the test after the change and found a different cognitive structure. We conclude that cognitive structures are not enduring configurations but that they change as structures change. This leads to the further conclusion that external structures are powerful determinants of patterns of thought, [experiment, cognition, structure, organized labor, unions, healthcare, culture, theory]
Reservation X: The Power of Place in Aboriginal Contemporary Art
Authors: Roberts Lisa A.
Published: November 2004

Reservation X: The Power of Place in Aboriginal Contemporary Art. Gerald McMaster. ed‐Seattle: University of Washington Press and Hull: Canadian Museum of Civilization, 1998.164 pp.
The Language You Cry In: The Story of a Mende Song
Authors: Thomas‐Houston Marilyn M.
Published: November 2004

The Language You Cry In: The Story of. Mende Song. 1998. 52 minutes, color. video by Alvaro Toepke and Angel Serrano. In English and Mende with English subtitles. For more information contact California Newsreel, 149 Ninth Street/420, San Francisco, CA 94103.
Traces of the Past: Unraveling the Secrets of Archaeology through Chemistry
Authors: Neff Hector
Published: November 2004

Traces of the Past: Unraveling the Secrets of Archaeology through Chemistry. Joseph B. Lambert. Reading, MA: Perseus Books, 1997. 318 pp.
The Archaeology of City‐States: Cross Cultural Approaches
Authors: D'Altroy Terence N.
Published: November 2004

The Archaeology of City‐States: Cross Cultural Approaches. Deborah L. Nichols and Thomas H. Charlton. eds. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1997. 335 pp.
Archaeology on the Great Plains
Authors: Fox Richard A.
Published: November 2004

Archaeology on the Great Plains. W. Raymond Wood. ed. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1998. 522 pp.
History of Physical Anthropology: An Encyclopedia
Authors: Asquith Pamela J.
Published: November 2004

History of Physical Anthropology: An Encyclopedia, vols. & 2. Frank Spencer. ed. New York: Garland Publishing, 1997. 1,195 pp.
An Introduction to Japanese Society: Office Ladies and Salaried Men: Power, Gender and Work in Japanese Companies: The Culture of Japan as Seen through Its Leisure
Authors: Marshall Robert C.
Published: November 2004

An Introduction to Japanese Society. Yoshio Sugimoto. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997. 285 pp.

Office Ladies and Salaried Men: Power, Gender and Work in Japanese Companies. Yuko Ogasawara. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1998. 221 pp.

The Culture of Japan as Seen through Its Leisure. Sepp Linhart and Sabine Fruhstuck. eds. Albany. State University of New York Press, 1998. 398 pp.
The Politics of Culture in the Shadow of Capital
Authors: Woost Michael
Published: November 2004

The Politics of Culture in the Shadow of Capital. Lisa Lowe and David Lloyd. eds. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1997.594 pp.
Anthropology at the Edge: Essays on Culture, Symbol, and Consciousness
Authors: Carlson Robert G.
Published: November 2004

Anthropology at the Edge: Essays on Culture, Symbol, and Consciousness. J. Ian Prattis. Lanham, MD: University Press of America, 1997. 311 pp.
The World as a Company Town: A Case Study from Indonesia
Authors: Baer Hans A.
Published: November 2004

Stepchildren of Progress: the Political Economy of Development in an Indonesian Village, Kathryn M. Robinson. (SUNY Press: Albany, NX 1986. xvi. 315 pp. Hardcover $44.50, paper $16.95.). Volume in the SUNY Anthropology of Work Series, Edited by June Nash).
Invisible Representation: The Oral Contours of a National Popular Cinema
Authors: Nayar Sheila J.
Published: November 2004

Abstract This paper posits that the formula for India's popular cinema (a.k.a. “Bollywood”—the Hollywood of Bombay) has been fundamentally contoured by the psychodynamics of orality, i.e., by the thought processes and personality structures that distinguish a non-writerly mindset and its narrative creations. Analyses of several Bollywood hits from the past halfcentury illustrate how.
Hans Weisse and the Dawn of American Schenkerism
Authors: BERRY DAVID CARSON
Published: November 2004

Many musicians contributed to the early spread of Schenkerian ideas in the U.S., but one played a crucial and unparalleled role during the earliest decade, the 1930s: Hans Weisse (1892–1940), one of Schenker's most esteemed students. Although Jewish, Weisse was not a political or war refugee, as were later Schenker émigrés. Instead, he came to the U.S. to teach, in the fall of 1931; by the time his former colleagues were finding their ways from Europe, Weisse had already become an American citizen. He died prematurely in 1940, but by then his impact on the pedagogy of music theory and analysis was already being felt, not only directly, at institutions where he taught, but through his many students who were active in disseminating the Schenkerian approach.

As the Schenker enterprise now enters its eighth decade in the U.S., a better understanding of its early and largely unexplored foundations becomes ever more essential, and the contributions of Weisse provide a logical point of departure. Heretofore his role has remained largely undocumented. Investigation of three aspects of Weisse's accomplishment and legacy help shed light on his pivotal role as a music educator and thinker in this country: the record of his highly active professional life as a teacher of music; the theoretical positions and pedagogical strategies revealed by his few preserved writings and remarks; and the enduring influence of his teachings. Through the work of his students, it can be seen that his contribution was decisive in laying the foundation for future Schenkerian work.
Is Recognition of Emotion in Music Performance an Aspect of Emotional Intelligence?
Authors: Resnicow Joel E. , Salovey Peter , Repp Bruno H.
Published: November 2004

Expression of emotion in music performance is a form of nonverbal communication to which people may be differentially receptive. The recently developed Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test assesses individual differences in the ability to identify, understand, reason with, and manage emotions using hypothetical scenarios that are conveyed pictorially or in writing. The test currently does not include musical or spoken items. We asked 24 undergraduates to complete both that test and a listening test in which they tried to identify the intended emotions in performances of classical piano music. Emotional intelligence and emotion recognition in the music task were significantly correlated (r = .54), which suggests that identification of emotion in music performance draws on some of the same sensibilities that make up everyday emotional intelligence.
A Definitive Work on Twining.
Authors: Smith Joyce Ronald
Published: November 2004

Fraser. David 1989. Guide to Weft Twining and Related Structures with Interacting Wefts, University of Pennsylvania Press. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. 27 3/4. 21 cm., 248 pp. ISBN 0‐8122‐82000. 150 black‐and‐white photographs, 207 diagrams, bibliography, index. Cloth cover, $49.95.
"Art and Material Culture of the North American Subartic and Adjacent Regions," Arctic Anthropology 28(1)
Authors: Graburn Nelson H. H.
Published: November 2004

Art and Material Culture of the North American Subarctic and Adjacent Regions, edited by Shepard Krech III and Barbara Hail. Special Issue of Arctic Anthropology 28(1), 1991. 149 pp. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press. $13.50 (single Issue).
Acoma and Laguna Pottery
Authors: Mcchesney Lea S.
Published: November 2004

Acoma and Laguna Pottery, Rick Dillingham with Melinda Elliott. edited by Joan Kathryn O'Donnel. 1992. Santa Fe: School of American Research Press, xii. 241 pp., maps, plates, figures, illustrations, appendices, references, and Index. $45.00 (cloth), $24.95 (paper).
Land, Spirit, Power: First Nations at the National Gallery of Canada
Authors: Berry Susan
Published: November 2004

Land, Spirit, Power: First Nations at the National Gallery of Canada, Diana Nemiroff. Robert Houle. and Charlotte Townsend‐Gault. Ottawa: National Gallery of Canada, 1992. 232 pp., 112 b/w and color illustrations. C$45.00 (paper).
Material Culture of the Blackfoot (Blood) Indians of Southern Alberta
Authors: McCormack Patricia A.
Published: November 2004

Material Culture of the Blackfoot (Blood) Indians of Southern Alberta. James W. Vanstone. Fleldiana. Anthropology, New Series, No. 19. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History, 1992. 80 pp., b/w Illustrations, line drawings, bibliography. $19.00 (paper).
Guide to the Photographic Collections of the Smithsonian Institution
Authors: Banta Melissa
Published: November 2004

Guide to the Photographic Collections at the Smithsonian Institution, Diane Vogt O'Connor. Volume I: National Museum of American History. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1989.351 pp., 100 b/w illustrations. $35.00 (cloth). Volume II: National Museum of Natural History, National Zoological Park, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1991, 245 pp., 64 b/w illustrations. $45.00 (cloth). Volume III: Cooper‐ Hewitt Museum, Freer Gallery of Art, Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, National Museum of African Art, National Museum of American Art, National Portrait Gallery, Arthur M. Sackler Gallery, Office of Horticulture. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1992.342 pp., 96 b/w illustrations. $49.95 (cloth).
Arthur MacGregor and Ellen Bolick. Summary Catalogue of the Anglo‐Saxon Collections, Ashmolean Museum
Authors: Fisher Genevieve
Published: November 2004

Summary Catalogue of the Anglo‐Saxon Collections, Ashmolean Museum. Arthur MacGregor and Ellen Bolick. Oxford: Ashmolean Museum, 1993. 277 pp. 887 photographs, figures and drawings, index, bibliography. £36 (paper) and £52 (cloth). Distributed in the U.S. by Arthur Schwartz & Co., 234 Meads Mountain Road, Woodstock, NY 12498. $90.00 (cloth only).
Equatoria
Authors: Rutheiser Charles
Published: November 2004

Equatoria. Richard Price and Sally Price. with sketches by Sally Price. New York and London: Routledge, 1992. 295 pp. maps, 48 line drawings, bibliography. $27.50 (cloth), $16.95 (paper).
Royal Art of Benin: The Perls Collection in The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Authors: Barkan Elazar
Published: November 2004

Royal Art of Benin: The Perls Collection in The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Kate Ezra. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art and Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1992. 344pp. 250 illustrations, 84 in full color, glossary, bibliography, index. $60.00 (cloth).
“A Talent for the Disagreeable”: Elizabeth Stoddard Writes The Morgesons
Authors: FELDMAN JESSICA R.
Published: November 2004

Jessica R. Feldman, “A Talent for the Disagreeable”: Elizabeth Stod-dard Writes The Morgesons (pp.202–229)

Critics have tended to read Elizabeth Stoddard's bewildering first novel, The Morgesons (1862), as a Bildungsroman—anautobiographical portrait of the artist as a young woman in early-nineteenth-century New England—or as an instance of female Gothic, proto-regionalism, or sentimentalism. Such interpretations, often focusing on the narrative arc of Cassandra Morgeson's self-empowerment, tend to ignore the novel's less comforting messages along with its painful, mysteriously awkward, even pathological atmosphere. Aspects of the novel that cannot be restated simply as plot—the structures of its words and sentences, its tone, patterns of imagery, rat-a-tat dialogue—Stoddard has thrust into a prominence that we have not adequately studied. When we begin to explore these formal elements in relation to the artistic environment in which Stoddard wrote The Morgesons, we can see that the novel analogically tracks her troubling personality and her contemporary situation in New York City. She was, for better and for worse, a woman writing among the male “Genteel Poets,” a group that was itself quite conflicted and that both helped and hindered her. Moreover, finding a form sufficient to express that complex situation required her to experiment with prose in ways that look forward to high Modernist works of the early twentieth century. Only through an experimental novel of layered and fragmented tales, voiced in language that insists on its own materiality, could Stoddard find adequate self-expression.
The Other Beethoven: Heroism, the Canon, and the Works of 1813–14
Authors: COOK NICHOLAS
Published: November 2004

Among Beethoven's works are a number that were highly successful in their own time but that became an embarrassment to later critics. In this article I explore the critical strategies used to explain away the success of two such works, Wellingtons Sieg and Der glorreiche Augenblick—works marginalized by the “Beethoven Hero” paradigm that came to regulate critical interpretation of the composer's music as well as underwriting the Beethovenian canon. I also explore ways in which such noncanonic works might be reexperienced, reading Wellingtons Sieg in terms of an aesthetic of hyper-representation and Der glorreiche Augenblick in terms of the enactment of community: such approaches, I argue, give access to aspects of Beethoven's music that the “Beethoven Hero” paradigm suppressed.
DENOMINATIONALISM AND CHANGING GENDER IDEALS IN THE ADVENTIST REVIEW: AN EXAMINATION OF WEBER'S THEORY OF RELIGION OF THE DISPRIVILEGED CLASSES
Authors: Vance Laura L.
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT: This article employs a content analysis of the Adventist Review to explore Seventh-day Adventist denominational change and concomitant delimitation of women's roles and expectations in the denomination. It uses Weber's theory of the religion of non-privileged classes in order to consider denominational change and attendant advocation of specific gender ideals and proscriptions for Adventist women. The paper finds that early in its history Adventism defined itself in opposition to secular society, and that in the context of this definition by distinction, Adventist women were encouraged to assume positions of public religious responsibility not available to them in secular society. Following the turn of the century and especially during the 1950s and 1960s, as Adventist culture adopted an accommodating response to other denominations and secular society, the Review promoted conventional secular notions of gender appropriate activity, relegating men to the "bread-winner" role and discouraging women from engaging in wage labor, or religious activity outside of the domestic sphere. As suggested by Weber's theory of religion of non-privileged classes, examination of the Adventist Review illustrates the way in which Adventist leadership shifted from advocating ideals inconsistent with those promulgated in the wider society, when Adventist culture most emphasized its distinction, only to later embrace secular expectations of gender when the denomination adopted a more accommodating response to other denominations and secular society.
The Turner Diaries and Cosmotheism: William Pierce's Theology
Authors: Whitsel Brad
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT: The 19 April 1995 bombing of the Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City brought media attention to bear on a violent, futuristic novel that had been widely circulated in the radical right political subculture for nearly two decades prior to the disaster. Although the media would not explore the connection between William Pierce's novel, The Turner Diaries, and the bombing until weeks after it occurred, the book had incited violence before and was used earlier as a blueprint for launching a revolution against the federal government. In recent days, The Turner Diaries has received growing attention as a racist, anti-government tract. However, what remains unexplored about the book is its millenarian message and the apocalyptic theology that motivates its reclusive author. Pierce, who is the director of National Alliance, a neo-Nazi group headquartered in West Virginia, embraces a worldview shaped by a philosophy he refers to as “Cosmotheism.” This syncretic belief combines scientific evolutionary theory with racial mysticism in its construction of reality. Cosmotheism, like all millennial beliefs of a catastrophic nature, mandates the destruction of the present order of earthly existence before a new era of redemption and bliss for the community of the chosen can unfold.
Law and Minority Religions: “Positive” and “Negative” Uses of the Legal System
Authors: Richardson James T.
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT: This paper examines several instances in which the law has had a pronounced impact on minority religions, a term used herein to include both older and newer small religious faiths. It employs examples of practices and even beliefs that have been negatively impacted by legal action, as individuals or governments have attempted to exert social control on newer faithsa process referred to as “affirmative discrimination” by Thomas Robbins and James Beckford.1 In addition, the paper describes instances in which laws and legal protections have been used in “positive” manners by minority religious groups in attempts to accomplish the objectives of group leaders. The examples used demonstrate that minority faiths operate in a changeable legal environment, a fact that must be taken into account if we are to understand minority faiths in any modern society.2 Even in the U. S., with its constitutional protections for freedom of religion, governments are able to exert considerable managerial or regulatory controls over new faiths, especially if they become controversial in the eyes of societal power brokers and the public.3 In other societies without such enforced constitutional protections, minority faiths are even more vulnerable to management by governmental bureaucracies.
“Verfassungsfeindlich“: Church, State, And New Religions In Germany
Authors: Hexham Irving , Poewe Karla
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT: This paper examines the ideology of the German anti-cult movement. It also discusses the unique problems facing the German government resulting from right-wing extremism and the role of German cult experts in defining new religions as verfassungsfeindlich, hostile to the constitution.
The Beast with Two Backs: Aleister Crowley, Sex Magic and the Exhaustion of Modernity
Authors: Urban Hugh B.
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT: Infamous for his drug use and extreme sexual practices, and proclaiming himself the “Great Beast 666,” Aleister Crowley remains to this day one of the most influential and yet most often misunderstood figures in the history of Western new religious movements. This article offers a fresh approach to Crowley, by placing him within contemporary debates about modernism and postmodernism. By no means the outcast enemy of modern Western society so often depicted in the media, Crowley was, I argue, a stunning reflection of some of the most acute cultural contradictions at the heart of modern Western civilization in the early twentieth century. A uniquely Janus-faced character, he reflects both the “Faustian” will of modernism as well as its tragic failure and exhaustion at mid-century in the aftermath of the two World Wars.

Where does our modern world belong—to exhaustion or ascent?—Its manifoldness and unrest conditioned by the attainment of the highest level of consciousness.

—Friedrich Nietzsche, The Will to Power1

The point about Crowley is that he seems to contain all these sorts of ideas and identities—indeed most of the vices of the Twentieth Century—and he was dead at the end of 1947.

—Snoo Wilson, author of the play “The Beast” (1974)2
Field Notes: Efraim: A New Apocalyptic Movement in the Netherlands
Authors: Kranenborg Reender
Published: November 2004

ABSTRACT: At the end of 2001 an unknown apocalyptic movement, Efraim, became hot news in the Netherlands. It was reported that the members expected the end of the world and the coming of the Messiah before 2002, and had changed their lives dramatically. These Field Notes report on this new group. The article first discusses what happened and the role the media played. Second, the article provides a description of the movement, including a portrait of the leader and his teachings about the end of the world, i.e., the rapture of the Bride (the faithful), the predictions on what will happen in the future, ideas concerning Elijah and the twelve tribes (“geo-theology”) and the Bride of Christ. Third, the reactions of the leader, when the rapture of the Bride did not take place, are examined. Finally some conclusions are given. It can be seen that Efraim started as a Pentecostal group, but developed into an independent Christian movement, which has a new content, due to the revelations the leader receives.
Displacement and Identity Discontinuity: The Role of Nostalgia in Establishing New Identity Categories
Authors: Milligan Melinda J.
Published: November 2004

I examine how displacement affects identity continuity by studying the disruption experienced by a group of employees when their organization moved to a new site. Data on the organization (a university campus restaurant known as the “Coffee House”) included participant observation and interviews. I argue for the importance of examining identity continuity and discontinuity in relation to specific interactional experiences in and attachment to the built environment. I expand on the analysis of nostalgia as a means of creating identity continuity in the face of discontinuity by adding an explicit focus on identity discontinuity in relation to the experience of displacement, and on the generation‐delineating abilities of nostalgia, specifically in relation to shared spatial experience.
Paying Forward and Paying Back
Authors: Hertz Rosanna
Published: November 2004

Twenty years after the conclusion of a fieldwork study, a member of the family that once served as my informant came to live with me. This reflexive account of Ari's stay in our home juxtaposes his socialist kibbutz life with that of my own hypercommodified individualistic urban life. His experiences of working in the illegal economy raise questions about my own hiring practices. In short, we confront ourselves through our respondents' cultural vision. Ultimately, in revisiting a study I had thought complete, this account raises the question of what we owe those people who help us to gain knowledge about their culture, the currency of our careers.
Role‐Playing and Playing Roles: The Person, Player, and Persona in Fantasy Role‐Playing
Authors: Waskul Dennis , Lust Matt
Published: November 2004

In fantasy role‐playing games, participants collectively create and play fantasy personas in an imaginary universe by using a vast system of rules that function as guidelines for make‐believe action and interaction. Consequently, role‐playing games obligate participants to occupy a liminal role located in the boundaries of persona, player, and person. This study, based on approximately ninety hours of participant observation and forty interviews with thirty role‐players, explores how role‐players actively negotiate these symbolic boundaries: how role‐players carve out distinct spheres of meaning between themselves, their fantasy personas, and status as players of these games. It also illustrates how these distinctions fail. Boundaries erupt and role‐players prove unable to compartmentalize themselves so discretely. Through the lens of these games, we can examine simplified and exaggerated dynamics and entertain the possibility that we are all players located at the liminal margins between the people we believe ourselves to be and the personas we perform in situated social encounters.
Book Reviews
Authors: Willis Jon
Published: November 2004

In Changing Times: Gay Men and Lesbians Encounter HIV/AIDS. Martin P. Levine. Peter Nardi. and John Gagnon. eds. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1997. 313pp.

Activism and Marginalization in the AIDS Crisis. Martin Hallett. ed. New York: Harrington Park Press, 1997. 194pp.

Nobody's Children: Orphans of the HIV Epidemic. Steven Dansky. New York: Harrington Park Press, 1997. 178pp.
Book Reviews
Authors: Caton Steven C.
Published: November 2004

Islamic Homosexualities: Culture, History, and Literature. Stephen O. Murray and Will Roscoe. et al. New York: New York University Press, 1997. 331pp.
The Institutionalization of an American Avant-Garde: Performance Art as Democratic Culture, 1970–2000
Authors: Wheeler Britta B.
Published: November 2004

This article discusses the role of meaning in the institutionalization of performance art between 1970 and 2000. Ethnographic field data and historical documents evidence the changing dynamics of the field. The definition held by members of a particular field determines, in part, the manifestation of that field. The meaning of performance art is described from the viewpoint of the participants. The process of institutionalization is shown as a paradox for American avant-garde art. Artists and venue providers seek to address these contradictions by democratizing the art form through embracing egalitarian curatorial practices and culturally diverse venues and nonart audiences. Thus institutionalization is a process of negotiation shaped by meaning as well as social structure.
Decoding Will and Grace: Mass Audience Reception of a Popular Network Situation Comedy
Authors: Cooper Evan
Published: November 2004

The television situation comedy Will and Grace is notable as the first successful network prime-time series to feature gay characters in a gay milieu. The show's considerable popularity begs the question of how the show's gay sensibility and humor, particularly the gay trickster character, Jack, is received by a heterosexual audience. This article discusses the notion of gay humor, considers the show's history, analyzes several episodes, and scrutinizes the responses of 136 college students who watched the show. Viewers do not identify with Jack and regard him as the most frequent butt of humor on the show, but they also consider him the funniest character and, by a very slight margin, their favorite. Contrary to my original hypotheses, respondent characterizations of Jack tend to reflect appreciation for all aspects of his trickster personality, though his ostentatious sexuality tends to be ignored.
Transfigured Patterns: Contesting Memories at the Manzanar National Historic Site
Authors: HAYASHI ROBERT T.
Published: November 2004

On February 18, 1992 the United States Congress passed legislation establishing the Man-zanar National Historic Site, an act that would turn the neglected site of a former American concentration camp for Japanese Americans into a site of national remembrance for all Americans. This article discusses the legislative process involving Manzanar's designation as a National Historic Site and how it reveals the ongoing tendency to equate American Nikkei history with only the World War II period. The creation and subsequent interpretation of the site also highlighted the complications of identifying a place with only one layer of its history. The recognition and interpretation of Manzanar threatened the maintenance of local histories and led to contestations between California residents, Japanese Americans, the National Park Service, and the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power.
“Going Off the Reservation”: A Memoir
Authors: HAUPTMAN LAURENCE M.
Published: November 2004

In the late spring and summer of 2000, the author, a State University of New York employee, served as expert witness for the Cayuga Indian Nation in their land claims suit against New York State. He wrote a historical narrative on the dispossession of the Cayu-gas and what had happened to these Indians since 1795, gave a deposition, and testified in federal district court in Syracuse. Despite working off state time and carefully following state laws and SUNY's procedures of financial disclosure, he soon found himselfsub-jected to repercussions caused by his testimony. When the federal district court decision awarded the Cayugas $247.8 million, the fallout from the case intensified. The present memoir has relevance not just to State University of New York employees but to all federal, state, county, and municipal employees. The issue goes beyond one professor's academic freedom to speak out to tell the truth, but to the First Amendment rights of all government-employed historians.
Historians, Historical Analysis, and International Water Politics
Authors: Reuss Martin
Published: November 2004

The resolution of international water disputes demands historical analysis. Too often, this analysis is not supplied by professional historians but by policymakers, engineers, and others who may lack the required knowledge and skills. The result inhibits rather than advances sound policy. Fortunately, historians are obtaining increased appreciation for what they bring to the conference table. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), which the United States recently rejoined, is attempting to further sound historical study; and the recently formed International Water History Association (IWHA) provides a forum to focus on the history of global water issues. These developments afford historians new and important means to make a difference in resolving some of the most pressing international resource issues.
Of Tailings, Superfund Litigation, and Historians as Experts: U.S. v. Asarco, et al. (the Bunker Hill Case in Idaho)
Authors: Quivik Fredric
Published: November 2004

When historians serve as expert witnesses in environmental litigation, they often develop expert opinions concerning historical events of a scientific or technical nature. The extent to which an expert historian may testify about such historical events may become a contested issue at trial. This article describes the author’s work as an expert witness, testifying on behalf of the U.S. Department of Justice in U.S. v. Asarco, et al. (the Bunker Hill Superfund case in Idaho), in which the scope of his testimony became an issue.
Stopping By: Portraits from Small Towns
Authors: Ruby Jay
Published: November 2004

Stopping By: Portraits from Small Towns. Raymond Bial. Forward by Robert Bray. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1988. Unpaginated. page Forward and Introduction. 85 black and White photographs. Hardcover.
De‐escalation after repeated negative feedback: emergent expectations of failure
Authors: Zikmund‐Fisher Brian J.
Published: November 2004

Research on willingness to make marginal investments (e.g., the escalation and sunk cost literatures) has often focused on project completion decisions, such as the “radar‐blank plane.” This paper discusses a fundamentally different type of marginal investment decision, that of couples deciding whether to continue infertility treatment in the face of repeated failures. Two experiments based on this context show that when people face multiple independent chances to achieve a valued goal but are unsure about chances of success, premature quitting or “de‐escalation” is the norm. Repeated negative feedback appears to induce individuals to see each successive failure as more and more diagnostic. As a result, even a short series of failed attempts evokes beliefs that future attempts will also fail. These emergent expectations of failure, generated by causal attribution processes, associative learning, and/or discounting of ambiguous information, appear very compelling and induce people to forgo profitable marginal investments. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Subsecond chiral separations on a microchip
Authors: Piehl Natalia , Ludwig Martin , Belder Detlev
Published: November 2004

Fast chiral separation of DNS‐amino acids could be realized using microchip electrophoresis with fluorescence detection. For this purpose, highly sulfated cyclodextrins (HS‐γ‐CD) were used as chiral selectors enabling high selectivity. Even subsecond separation of DNS‐tryptophan, DNS‐norleucine, DNS‐phenylalanine, DNS‐methionine, and DNS‐aspartic acid could be achieved. Baseline separation could be accomplished within 720 ms, which is the fastest separation of enantiomers reported to date. A more complex mixture consisting of three chiral DNS‐amino acids could be separated within 3.3 s utilizing a separation length of only 7 mm and an electrical field strength of 2012 V/cm.
Whole‐column fluorescence‐imaged capillary electrophoresis
Authors: Wu Xing‐Zheng , Pawliszyn Janusz
Published: November 2004

An axially illuminating whole‐column fluorescence imaging capillary electrophoresis (CE) experimental setup was developed. A 6 cm long Teflon tube with an inside diameter (ID) of 42 μm was used as separation column. Excitation light of 488 nm from Ar+ laser was introduced to one end of the separation column by an optical fiber. The excitation light propagated inside the separation column by total internal reflection, since the refractive index of the buffer solution was larger than that of the Teflon tube. The fluorescence from the whole separation column was imaged with a charge‐coupled device (CCD) camera. Fluorescent compounds such as fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), 5‐carboxyfluorescein, and FITC‐labeled protein were used to test the basic performance of the experimental setup. Experimental results illustrate that the whole‐column‐fluorescence imaging CE is a fast and sensitive separation method for fluorescent compounds and fluorescent‐labeled proteins. Furthermore, it could be used for simple, fast, and easy comparisons of the resistance to photodegradation for various fluorescent compounds.
Pure‐silica optical waveguides, fiber couplers, and high‐aspect ratio submicrometer channels for electrokinetic separation devices
Authors: Mogensen Klaus B. , Eriksson Fredrik , Gustafsson Omar , Nikolajsen Rikke P. H. , Kutter Jörg P.
Published: November 2004

A new fabrication procedure for integration of ultraviolet transparent pure‐silica planar waveguides, fiber couplers and high‐aspect ratio submicrometer channels is presented. Only a single photolithographic mask step is required. The channels are 80–90 μm deep and the width can be reduced to about 0.5 μm, corresponding to a height‐to‐width ratio of more than 150. The core of the waveguides consists of pure silicon dioxide, which is favorable over doped silica, due to the absence of absorption centers associated with the dopants. This furthermore improves the long‐term stability of the waveguides, because of an increased radiation resistance of the glass. The propagation loss decreases from 1.0 dB/cm at 200 nm to 0.2 dB/cm at 800 nm, which, to our knowledge, is the lowest propagation loss reported for integrated planar waveguides in the ultraviolet wavelength region to date. The effective optical path length is 1.2 mm for an absorbance cell with a nominal length of 1.0 mm, indicating effective suppression of stray light. The limit of detection for paracetamol when present in the entire channel network was determined to 3 μg/mL. Finally, the applicability of the fabricated devices for capillary electrophoresis was evaluated by separation of caffein, paracetamol and ketoprofone using absorbance detection at 254 nm.
High‐resolution DNA separation in microcapillary electrophoresis chips utilizing double‐L injection techniques
Authors: Fu Lung‐Ming , Lin Che‐Hsin
Published: November 2004

An experimental and numerical investigation into the use of high‐resolution injection techniques to separate DNA fragments within electrophoresis microchips is presented. The principal material transport mechanisms of electrokinetic migration, fluid flow, and diffusion are considered, and several variable‐volume injection methods are discussed. A detailed analysis is provided of a double‐L injection technique, which employs appropriate electrokinetic manipulations to reduce sample leakage within the microchip. The leakage effect in electroosmotic flow (EOF) is investigated using a sample composed of rhodamine B and Cy3 dye. Meanwhile, the effects of sample leakage in capillary electrophoresis (CE) separation are studied by considering the separation of 100‐base pairs (bp) DNA ladders and HaeIII‐digested ΦX‐174 DNA samples. The present experimental and simulation results indicate that the unique injection system employed in the current microfluidic chip has the ability to replicate the functions of both the conventional cross‐channel and the shift‐channel injection systems. Furthermore, applying the double‐L injection method to these two injection systems is shown to reduce sample leakage significantly. The proposed microfluidic chip and double‐L injection technique developed in this study have an exciting potential for use in high‐resolution, high‐throughput biochemical analysis applications and in many other applications throughout the micrototal analysis systems field.
Nanowires for surface enlargement of narrow‐bore fused‐silica tubing
Authors: Woldegiorgis Andreas , Jansson Kjell , Curcio Mario , Roeraade Johan
Published: November 2004

A method for preparation of silica nanowires with dimensions of d = 10–100 nm, l = 5–500 nm, is described. The nanostructured material is an integral part of the inner surface of narrow bore fused‐silica capillary tubing. The wire preparation method is based on a decomposition of 2‐chloro‐1,1,2‐trifluoroethyl methyl ether at elevated temperature and pressure. The silica bulk material is rearranged via a sustained silica‐hydrogen fluoride chemistry, and reaction mechanisms for this process are proposed. The method is suitable for preparing long lengths of tubing with the modified surface. It is our belief that the texture of the capillary wall with its increased surface area is useful for applications such as microreactions, catalysis, and high‐resolution pressure and/or electrodriven open‐tubular liquid chromatography.
Fundamentals and practice for ultrasensitive laser‐induced fluorescence detection in microanalytical systems
Authors: Johnson Mitchell E. , Landers James P.
Published: November 2004

Laser‐induced fluorescence is an extremely sensitive method for detection in chemical separations. In addition, it is well‐suited to detection in small volumes, and as such is widely used for capillary electrophoresis and microchip‐based separations. This review explores the detailed instrumental conditions required for sub‐zeptomole, sub‐picomolar detection limits. The key to achieving the best sensitivity is to use an excitation and emission volume that is matched to the separation system and that, simultaneously, will keep scattering and luminescence background to a minimum. We discuss how this is accomplished with confocal detection, 90° on‐capillary detection, and sheath‐flow detection. It is shown that each of these methods have their advantages and disadvantages, but that all can be used to produce extremely sensitive detectors for capillary‐ or microchip‐based separations. Analysis of these capabilities allows prediction of the optimal means of achieving ultrasensitive detection on microchips.
Electrophoresis microchip fabricated by a direct‐printing process with end‐channel amperometric detection
Authors: Tomazelli Coltro Wendell K. , Fracassi da Silva José A. , Torres da Silva Heron D. , Richter Eduardo M. , Furlan Rogério , Angnes Lúcio , do Lago Claudimir L. , Mazo Luiz H. , Carrilho Emanuel
Published: November 2004

We describe the development of an electrophoresis microchip fabricated by a direct‐printing process, based on lamination of printed polyester films with end‐channel amperometric detection. The channel structures are defined by polyester (base and cover) and by a toner layer (walls). The polyester‐toner devices presented an electroosmotic flow (EOF) magnitude of ∼10‐5 cm2V‐1s‐1, which is generated by a polymeric mixture of the toner and polyester composition. The microelectrodes used for detection were produced combining this laser‐printer technology to compact discs. The performance of this device was evaluated by amperometric detection of iodide and ascorbate. The detection limits found were 500 nmol·L‐1 (135 amol) and 1.8 μmol·L‐1 (486 amol) for iodide and ascorbate, respectively.