bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CAPACITAÇÃO EM PRIMEIROS SOCORROS PARA AGENTES INDÍGENAS DE SAÚDE REALIZADA POR ENFERMEIROS: RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: Alexandrino Arthur , Silva Souza Mariana , Barbosa Nery Cauan , Pereira Geoclebson da Silva , Felix Gláucia Moreira , Tanjoni Aline Decari Marchi , Pereira Ana Carla Tamisari , Lima Daniele Moreira de
Published: December 2023

Objetivo: Relatar a experiência de uma capacitação realizada por enfermeiros da Saúde Indígena sobre primeiros socorros para Agentes Indígenas de Saúde de um território indígena localizado no Mato Grosso do Sul. Método: Trata-se de um relato de experiência, de natureza descritiva e abordagem qualitativa, de uma capacitação em primeiros socorros sobre urgências e emergências para agentes indígenas de saúde (AIS) que atuam em território indígena no Mato Grosso do Sul, realizada por enfermeiros da Saúde Indígena. A capacitação ocorreu em setembro de 2022, ao qual 25 AIS participaram. Para o treinamento, o mesmo foi abordado em três módulos: I) teórico, II) demonstrativo e III) prático, seguido de uma avaliação do conteúdo exposto. Resultados: A capacitação abordou apenas as situações mais frequentes na comunidade indígena regional. No módulo I, foi apresentada a parte teórica sobre o assunto, expondo detalhadamente as principais informações. No módulo II, abordou-se a parte demonstrativa, ao mostrar as situações que podem ocorrer e como agir, utilizando bonecos de simulação realística para tornar a situação semelhante à real. No módulo III, os conteúdos foram expostos de forma prática, nos quais foram dadas situações hipotéticas para os AIS agirem de acordo com o aprendido, utilizando a técnica role-play. Ao final, foi realizado uma roda de conversas e um feedback para avaliar a atividade. Considerações finais: O relato permitiu explicitar de forma detalhada a experiência de uma capacitação realizada por profissionais enfermeiros da Saúde Indígena sobre primeiros socorros para os agentes indígenas de saúde, a qual se mostrou bastante exitosa.
Simulation and Experimental Investigation of Performance and Flow Behavior for Steam Ejector Refrigeration System
Authors: Jasim Shakir , Ezzat Akram W. , Hu Eric
Published: December 2023

The ejector refrigeration system is a desirable choice to reduce energy consumption. A Computational Fluid Dynamics CFD simulation using the ANSYS package was performed to investigate the flow inside the ejector and determine the performance of a small-scale steam ejector. The experimental results showed that at the nozzle throat diameter of 2.6 mm and the evaporator temperature of 10oC, increasing boiler temperature from 110oC to 140oC decreases the entrainment ratio by 66.25%. At the boiler temperature of 120oC, increasing the evaporator temperature from 7.5 to 15 oC increases the entrainment ratio by 65.57%. While at the boiler temperature of 120oC and the evaporator temperature of 10oC, increasing the nozzle throat diameter from 2.4 to 2.8 mm decreases the entrainment ratio by 40%. The numerical results showed that reducing the condenser back pressure or increasing the primary fluid temperature, secondary fluid temperature, and nozzle throat diameter moves the second shock waves in the downstream direction. It could be concluded that the second shock series position detects the ejector operation mode. The ejector runs in critical mode if the second shock series position is close to the diffuser. In contrast, if the second shock series position moves toward the upstream, the ejector runs in subcritical mode.
The historical evolution path of Chinese folk choral works creation
Authors: Zhu Keyi
Published: December 2023

This article attempts to discuss the historical stages of Chinese choral art development, the embodiment of ethnicity in choral works at each stage of development, and the “innovative” path of Chinese contemporary ethnic choral works creation.
Revolutionizing Work: Research Perspectives on Robotics Process Automation Dynamics
Authors: Shamshari Alqasim , Najaf Habiba
Published: December 2023

Revolutionizing Work: Research Perspectives on Robotics Process Automation Dynamics
K-Means Clustering algorithms in Urban studies: A Review of Unsupervised Machine Learning techniques
Authors: kilani bochra hadj
Published: December 2023

In years there has been an increase, in the interest surrounding the utilization of unsupervised machine learning methods, particularly the application of K means clustering algorithms within urban studies. These techniques have demonstrated their usefulness, in examining and comprehending facets of planning including land usage patterns, transportation systems and population distribution. The objective of this article is to offer an overview of how K means clustering algorithm are employed in urban studies.The review examines the different methodologies and approaches employed in utilizing K-means clustering for urban analysis, highlighting its advantages and limitations. Additionally, the article discusses the specific challenges and considerations that arise when applying K-means clustering in urban studies, including data preprocessing, feature selection, and interpretation of the cluster results. The findings of this review demonstrate the wide range of applications of K-means clustering in urban studies, from identifying distinct land use categories to understanding the spatial distribution of social amenities. Furthermore, it is revealed that the use of K-means clustering in urban studies allows for the identification and characterization of hidden patterns and similarities among urban areas that might not be immediately apparent through traditional analysis methods. Overall, the use of K-means clustering algorithms provides a valuable tool for urban planners and researchers in gaining insights and making informed decisions in urban design.
PERAN OTONOMI DAERAH DALAM PENINGKATAN AKSES KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Tewa Teresia Aflinggia
Published: December 2023

Artikel ini menyelidiki peran signifikan otonomi daerah dalam meningkatkan akses kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Melalui analisis mendalam terhadap kebijakan lokal, perubahan struktural, dan implementasi program kesehatan daerah, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi dampak positif otonomi daerah terhadap pelayanan kesehatan. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa upaya pemberdayaan daerah telah memberikan kontribusi yang nyata terhadap peningkatan aksesibilitas layanan kesehatan, termasuk peningkatan fasilitas, distribusi tenaga kesehatan, dan program pencegahan. Artikel ini memberikan wawasan mendalam tentang bagaimana otonomi daerah dapat menjadi kunci untuk mencapai tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan di sektor kesehatan, dengan menekankan pentingnya kolaborasi antara pemerintah pusat dan daerah dalam mencapai hasil yang optimal.
Agama dan antropologi budaya
Authors: Narakaha Sara
Published: December 2023

Manusia Sebagai Makhluk Religius
Who favor in-group politicians? In-group voting in France, Germany and the Netherlands and the challenges to the descriptive and substantive representation of Muslims
Authors: van Oosten Sanne
Published: December 2023

Does sharing the same religion, migration background and gender impact voting in France, Germany and the Netherlands? Using survey experiments (N=3,058) and oversampling voters with a migration background (N=1,889/3,058), I explore this question from both majority and minority perspectives. Even when randomizing highly divisive policy positions, shared religion emerges as the most influential factor affecting voters. However, sharing the same migration background or gender has no discernible impact on voting likelihood. Interestingly, non-religious voters exhibit an in-group preference, slightly surpassing the preference shown by Muslim voters for in-group politicians, which varies significantly across countries. Notably, voters prioritize politicians who advocate their preferred policies, often in contrast to the positions supported by Muslim voters. These findings reveal challenges in achieving diversity in politics and minority representation, particularly concerning the political inclusion of Muslims.
PEMANFAATAN APLIKASI ZEPETO SEBAGAI BAGIAN DARI INOVASI PEMBELAJARAN
Authors: Putri Amelia
Published: December 2023

Tugas seorang guru bukanlah sebatas mendidik siswa tetapi juga memfasilitasi mereka dengan media pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman. Oleh karena itu guru dituntut agar bisa kreatif dalam memanfaatkan media yang ada. Guru harus mampu mengoptimalkan teknologi informasi dan komunikasi untuk mendukung proses pembelajaran. Di masa sekarang ini, teknologi berkembang dengan cepat, sebagai pendidik kita harus peka dan tanggap dalam mengamati situasi belajar dan model-model pembelajaran yang sesuai dengan minat peserta didik. Media pembelajaran yang sesuai tentu akan mendatangkan dampak yang positif dalam proses pembelajaran di antaranya; a) Media pembelajaran dapat membuat pembelajaran lebih menarik, menciptakan antusias dan minat siswa, serta menggugah motivasi belajar. b) Pemanfaatan media membantu menyampaikan materi secara lebih jelas dan memudahkan siswa dalam memahami materi yang ada karena sifatnya lebih rileks dan tidak monoton. c) dengan media pembelajaran, metode pengajaran tidak terbatas pada komunikasi verbal saja. Hal ini bertujuan untuk menghindari kebosanan siswa dan mengurangi kelelahan guru dari pada harus berceramah sepanjang jam pelajaran.d) Media pembelajaran mendorong siswauntuk terlibat dalam berbagai kegiatan pembelajaran, termasuk observasi, praktik, demonstrasi, dan sebagainya. Pemanfaatan aplikasi Zepeto untuk menciptakan media pembelajaran yang menarik sangat cocok di semua jenjang pendidikan, pendidik dapat menyesuaikan materi yang sesuai jenjangnya agar bisa di proses menjadi media pembelajaran berbentuk animasi video yang menarik dan kaya makna sehingga berkesan bagi peserta didik.
The Certainty of Uncertainty in Atmospheric CO2 Removal: A Crisis-Response Abrupt Mitigation Scenario (CRAMS)
Authors: Chen Anqi , Lin Bo-Lin
Published: December 2023

The gap between current emission trend and the expected 1.5 °C warming target forces the deployment of different carbon dioxide removal technologies (CDRs). Even though large discrepancies and uncertainties presents in studies investigating the CDR potentials, costs and side effects of bio-energy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS), direct air capture with CO2 storage (DACCS) and enhanced weathering (EW), determining the appropriate actions to take in light of these uncertainties represents a core challenge of current research. Herein, under the proposed CRAMS, we estimated the CO2 removal target to hold warming below 1.5 °C and re-calibrated the CO2 removal potentials of CDRs against experimental data. The quantitative evaluation of both energetic and temporal cost provide certainties for CO2 removal. Our findings suggested that the insufficiency and limitation of BECCS, DACCS and EW in combination call for techno-economic breakthroughs to these CDRs as our only way to reverse the temperature overshoot back to 1.5 °C in the future.
Effects of age and task types on atypical language decoding ability in autism spectrum disorders: Evidence from a meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang Ximiao , Ma Xue’er , Lei Shuo , zhao Jingjing
Published: December 2023

Language deficits are one of the common symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), yet the existence of deficits in language decoding ability in ASD remains controversial. In the current study, we examined group differences in decoding abilities between ASD and typically developing (TD) groups using meta-analysis techniques, and delved into the moderating role of age and decoding type. Results indicated a significant language decoding ability deficit in ASD (g = -0.35, p < 0.001), even in ASD with high language ability, there was still group difference between these ASD and their TD peers (g = -0.28, p = 0.030). We identified 6 and 11 as two critical age nodes through meta-regression. Children with ASD emerge decoding deficits by the age of 6, and this deficit will not stable until 11 years old. In addition, decoding type did not have a significant moderating effect on group differences in ASD and TD decoding ability. This study provides evidence for decoding deficits in ASD from a developmental perspective, guidance for identifying critical ages for intervention in ASD decoding skills, and new ideas for further exploration of the cognitive basis of ASD decoding deficits.
Deenz Empathy Scale (DES-28) Development and Validation
Authors: Dar Deen Mohd
Published: December 2023

Embarking on the development and validation of the Deenz Empathy Scale (DES-28) has been a profound exploration of the human empathetic spectrum. The DES-28, meticulously crafted and refined, stands as a unique instrument measuring empathy along a nuanced spectrum that includes pity, empathy, sympathy, and compassion. Each subscale offers a distinct lens into the complexities of human emotional responses. Pity, positioned at the lower end, reflects a minimal acknowledgment of others' emotions, while empathy, the heart of the scale, signifies a profound connection and shared understanding. Moving along the spectrum, sympathy introduces genuine concern, and compassion represents an active, altruistic response to alleviate the suffering of others. This comprehensive framework not only distinguishes various facets of empathy but also provides a holistic view of how individuals engage with and respond to the emotional experiences of those around them. The DES-28, with its multifaceted approach, promises to be a valuable tool for researchers and practitioners seeking a deeper understanding of empathetic tendencies, fostering a more compassionate and connected world.
The Seven Wonderings of Large Language Models as Psychometric Designers, Refiners, and Analysts
Authors: Franco-Martínez Alicia , Rey-Sáez Ricardo , Castillejo Ignacio
Published: December 2023

The irruption of Large Language Models (LLMs) in our daily lives has opened up an intriguing future for the course of psychometrics. We give a glimpse of that future through our seven “wonderings” of LLMs: a series of wanderings on how current LLMs can instill wonder in researchers and professionals by assisting them in each step of the design, refinement, and analysis of psychometric tools. Using GPT-4 as illustration, we have tried to answer what are the capabilities of LLMs as item designers and format generators, as reviewers and respondents, and as data analysts and results interpreters. We interacted with the LLM applying a systematic prompt scheme, evidencing the peaks and pitfalls of its responses when addressing psychometric tasks. Finally, we provide some thoughts and guidelines about the validity of the uses LLMs responses can offer, and how to study and perform such validation process.
The 'Truth Contagion' Effect in the US Political Online Debate
Authors: Carrella Fabio , Aroyehun Segun Taofeek , Lasser Jana , Simchon Almog , Garcia David , Lewandowsky Stephan
Published: December 2023

During the last decade, evidence shows that US politicians’ conception of honesty has undergone a distinct bifurcation, with authentic and sincere but evidence-free "belief-speaking'' becoming more prominent and more differentiated from evidence-based "fact speaking''. Here we examine the downstream consequences of those two ways of conceiving honesty by investigating how users engage with fact-speaking and belief-speaking texts from Democratic and Republican politicians on Twitter. We measured the conceptions of honesty of a sample of tweets and replies using computational text processing, and checked whether the conceptions of honesty in the original tweets aligned with those in their replies. We also measured polarizing language in the replies and examined how it related to the honesty components in the tweets. We found that the conceptions of honesty used in replies aligned with those of the original tweets, suggesting a "contagion'' effect such that politicians determine the tenor of a subsequent conversation involving the public. We also found that belief-speaking tweets were more likely to trigger polarized language in replies, whereas fact-speaking tweets had the opposite effect. Our analysis highlights the crucial role of political leaders in setting the tone of the conversation on social media and it illustrates how evidence-based communication could help decrease audience polarization in online political debate.
Is it all about the costs? Cultural distance and adjustment of recent migrants
Authors: Genoni Andreas , Décieux Jean Philippe , Murdock Elke
Published: December 2023

The cultural distance (CD) between the origin and destination country of migrants has long been considered important for individual adjustment. Past research predominantly followed a cost perspective, emphasising rising adjustment costs with increasing CD and postulating a negative linear relationship. Previous studies therefore overlooked potential benefits of CD for adjustment. We address this gap by taking a more differentiated perspective on CD and adjustment. Using probability-based survey data on recent German migrants , we examined migrant adjustment at different CD-levels. Employing multilevel regressions for sociocultural and psychological adjustment, the findings reveal an inverted-U shaped relationship between CD and both adjustment dimensions. This challenges the cost perspective, indicating an “optimal” range of intermediate CD as most beneficial for adjustment. Thus, the prevailing view on negative consequences of CD for adjustment may underestimate the challenges for culturally close migrants, and overlook that certain levels of cultural dissimilarity can facilitate migrants’ adjustment.
PENGUATAN BISNIS PRODUK MAKANAN TRADISIONAL JOJORONG BERBASIS SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING DI KABUPATEN SERANG
Authors: Arianto Bambang , Oktaviani Tita , Adi Akhmad Eko
Published: December 2023

The development of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) for Jojorong traditional food has significant potential for strengthening the economic fundamentals of the Banten region. Nevertheless, the majority of Kebantenan culinary MSMEs still encounter various obstacles in business development, especially from the marketing aspect. The digital era of social media marketing (social media marketing) has become the main pillar for culinary MSMEs to expand market coverage by strengthening marketing aspects. In community service in Kadubeuruem Village, Serang Regency which was held on 10th June 2023, assistance was given to the strategy of strengthening the MSME business for traditional Jojorong food through the use of social media as a social media marketing channel. In this assistance, knowledge is provided about techniques for using social media marketing to expand the scope of the original Banten culinary market. The success of this activity can be seen from the Jojorong MSME owners who can take advantage of social media marketing as the best channel to introduce Jojorong traditional food globally. From the results of this activity it is known that strengthening business through social media marketing is the best means of developing Jojorong culinary MSMEs in Kadubeureum Village, Serang Regency.
Molecular Docking, ADMET Study, Synthesis, Characterization and Preliminary Antiproliferative Activity of Potential Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors with Isoxazole as New Zinc Binding Group
Authors: Mohammed Saeed Ali , Ayad Abed Ali Al-Hamashi
Published: December 2023

Histone acetylation is a highly interesting epigenetic target for drug therapy. Histone deacetylase enzymes (HDACs) are overexpressed in several diseases, including cancers. Most of the clinically used HDAC inhibitors involve hydroxamate group as a zinc-binding group (ZBG). Hydroxamates have a poor pharmacokinetic properties and high toxicity profile. Therefore, developing non-hydroximate HDAC inhibitors is a promising strategy for potency and selectivity enhancement. In this work, we designed new HDAC inhibitors with isoxazole moiety as ZBG using Ligand Designer from Glide (Schrodinger LLC). The cap group and the linker were optimized through trying various aliphatic and aromatic residues. The potential inhibition over HDAC8 for the optimally designed products was virtually evaluated using licensed Schrodinger modelling software. The results showed that the isoxazole has a potential bidentate interaction with HDAC8 active site zinc ion with acceptable fitness. ADMET/tox study performed to predict the pharmacokinetic properties for the final compounds. The final compounds showed a decent estimated drug-like properties. The intermediates and final compounds were successfully synthesized and purified using column chromatography. The chemical structure for intermediates and final compounds were characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy.
Protective Effects of Citronellol Against Rhabdomyolysis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Mice by Inhibiting NF-κB and IL-1β
Authors: Nasrawi Yasmeen , Hashim Kadhim Sermad
Published: December 2023

Objectives: acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious pathophysiology side effect of rhabdomyolysis. Inflammatory mechanisms play a role in the development of rhabdomyolysis-induced AKI. Citronellol (CT) is a naturally occurring monoterpene alcohol (3,7-Dimethyl-6-often-1-ol) found in aromatic plant species' essential oils. In this study, we explored the protective effects of Citronellol on glycerol-induced AKI.

Methods: Four groups of eight mice each (n=8) were formed by randomly dividing the animals into the groups, glycerol-induced AKI model group, low-dose CT-treated group (50mg/kg), high-dose CT-treated group (100mg/kg), and control group. The renal functions of mice from all groups were evaluated using serum urea and creatinine. Creatine kinase (CK) level was used to detect rhabdomyolysis. Inflammatory response was determined using Nf-kB and iL-1B levels.

Results: Citronellol in both doses 50&100 mg/kg significantly decreased serum urea, creatinine and CK as Compared to the glycerol group, as well as treatment with citronellol resulted in a lower expression of both NF-κB and IL-1β in the renal tissue, indicating that citronellol may have an anti-inflammatory effect in AKI.

Conclusion: prophylaxis with low and high doses of citronellol improved inflammatory responses and renal function. It's possible that by inhibiting Nf-kB and iL-1B, these positive effects were achieved, inhibiting the development of inflammatory cytokines as a result. These discoveries reveal fresh details regarding a potential treatment option for kidney injury caused by rhabdomyolysis.
Application of artificial intelligence systems in prediction of yield of agricultural crops
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Ural State Economic University», Yekaterinburg, Russia, Skvortsov Egor A. , Yalunina Ekaterina N. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Ural State Economic University», Yekaterinburg, Russia, Gusev Aleksey S. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Ural State Agrarian University», Yekaterinburg, Russia
Published: December 2023

The use of artificial intelligence systems makes it possible to increase the accuracy of forecasting crop yields in comparison with traditional methods. The purpose of the study is to analyze research in the field of the use of artificial intelligence systems in predicting crop yields. Currently, artificial intelligence systems have been developed and tested to predict the yield of rice, wheat, lettuce, coffee and other agricultural crops. To do this, systems based on neural networks, genetic algorithms, the support vector machine and others are used. The effects of the use of artificial intelligence systems in predicting crop yields are revealed. They consist in improving the quality of the planning process of consumed resources, optimizing acreage, improving the accuracy of forecasting product prices in comparison with traditional methods. Specific recommendations are given on the use of artificial intelligence systems in optimizing grain production under the given constraints.
Dirofilariose ectópica em um paciente canino assintomático: Relato de caso
Authors: Carvalho Mateus Pires de , Vasconcelos Thereza Cristina , Willi Monteiro Liliane Maria Valentim , Knackfuss Fabiana Batalha , Silva Fabrícia Souza Azevedo da
Published: December 2023

Heartworm is a disease caused by the nematode Dirofilaria immitis. Its larvae are transmitted by intermediate hosts which, once inside, manage to develop to the infective larval stage. Currently, the pathology is considered widespread throughout the world, affecting dogs, cats, wild dogs and humans. In Brazil, the pathology is considered endemic and mostly concentrated in coastal areas, where the highest prevalence of vectors occurs. However, infected animals are also found outside coastal areas. Severity varies according to the degree of infection; animals with very high parasitic loads can develop cardiopulmonary problems, possibly leading to the development of vena cava syndrome. Erratic cycles are not well understood, but their presence may be related to high parasitic loads in the host. Diagnosis can be made through rapid tests, microfilariae research and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Treatment is based on combating the parasite's symbiotic bacteria of the genius Wolbachia, and the use of microfilaricidal drugs.
О влиянии дендритноклеточной аутовакцины на результаты лечения больных немелкоклеточным раком лёгкого
Authors: Sovenko V. M. , Khranovska N. M. , Ganul A. V. , Ganul V. L. , Grinevich Yu. A. , Orel V. E. , Skachkova O. V. , Svergun N. M. , Bororov L. V. , Borisuk B. O. , Kobzev O. I. , Shevchenko A. I. , Semivolos A. V. , Kondratskiy Yu. M.
Published: December 2023

Вивчено ефективність застосування дендритноклітинної аутовакцини в післяопераційному періоді у хворих на недрібноклітинний рак легені і отримано результати, що свідчать про хорошу її переносимість. Показано формування вираженої антигенспецифічної імунної відповіді після повторних введень дендритноклітинної аутовакцини, що максимально проявляється після чотирьох ревакцинацій. Результати виживаності хворих на недрібноклітинний рак легені, які отримали в післяопераційному періоді дендритноклітинну аутовакцину, показали високу ефективність цього методу і можливість його застосування з мінімумом побічних ефектів. Необхідне подальше вивчення показників виживаності хворих на недрібноклітинний рак легені, які отримали імунотерапевтичне лікування, контроль за дотриманням оптимальних режимів повторних введень.
Концептуальні засади створення галузевої бази даних про технології та майнові права інтелектуальної власності, що належать науковим установам, організаціям, вищим медичним навчальним закладам та підприємствам сфери охорони здоров’я України
Authors: Gorban A. E.
Published: December 2023

Розглянуто питання реалізації державної політики у сфері трансферу технологій у медичній галузі на втілення закону України від 02.10.2012 р. № 5407-VI «Про внесення змін до закону України «Про державне регулювання діяльності у сфері трансферу технологій», а саме забезпечення формування галузевої бази даних про технології та майнові права інтелектуальної власності, що належать науковим установам, організаціям, вищим навчальним закладам і підприємствам сфери охорони здоров’я України та створених за бюджетні кошти. Проаналізовано міжнародний і вітчизняний досвід з обробки інформації про об’єкти права інтелектуальної власності та системи підтримки здійcнення трансферу новітніх технологій. Визначено основні концептуальні засади створення зазначеної галузевої бази даних про трансфер технологій і галузевої мережі трансферу технологій.
Нікберг Ілля Ісайович (до 85-річчя від дня народження)
Authors: Pechkovsky К. , Anisimov E.
Published: December 2023

19 листопада 2014 р. виповнюється 85 років від дня народження та 65 років наукової та практичної діяльності доктора медичних наук, професора, лауреата Державної премії України в галузі науки Іллі Ісайовича Нікберга. Серед відомих вчених-гігієністів України його ім’я посідає достойне місце.
Neo-Pyrrhonism: a contemporary version of skepticism
Authors: Smith Plínio Junqueira
Published: December 2023

This paper presents and argues for a contemporary version of skepticism: neo-Pyrrhonism. Interest in the history of skepticism engendered a new, more complex and attractive conception of skepticism. Accordingly, many philosophers now claim they are skeptics. In line with what they say, I develop neo-Pyrrhonism as I see it. It has a negative part, in which dogmas are criticized, and a positive one: first, the neo-Pyrrhonist lives his life according to his skeptical principles and following everyday life, and, second, he is able to describe philosophically his skeptical view of the world, thereby offering possible solutions to philosophical problems empirically conceived.
Features of information protection in NFC
Authors:   State University of Telecommunications, Kyiv, Chorna V. M. , Tkalenko O. M. , Polonevich O. V. , Senkov O. V.
Published: December 2023

At present, the implementation of wireless technologies in various applications is being observed. They replace advanced technologies and make communication between devices more convenient and easy for the user. Near Filed Communication (NFC) is evolving with technologies such as Wi-Fi, Wi-MAX. This technology is designed to transmit information over short distances. NFC technology is used on mobile devices. It is a logical continuation of RFID technologies (Radio Frequency Identification). NFC supports RFID standards ISO 14443 / mifare, Feli Ca as well as ISO / IEC 18092. Devices can operate in both active and passive modes. The passive mode operates according to the same principles as the non-contact RFID card. This mode increases the autonomy of the portable device and allows you to use the NFC technology even when the power is off. NFC can be used in all cases where contactless cards are used, and card standard compliance allows the use of existing infrastructure. For example, mobile purchase of tickets in public transport is an extension of the existing non-contact infrastructure; mobile payments — the device acts as a payment card; Electronic Board — A mobile phone is used to read RFID tags, from outdoor bulletin boards to get information on the go. Also, other NFC applications in the future may include: Identity; traveler's card; mobile trade; electronic money; electronic purchase of tickets (air tickets, concert tickets, and others); electronic keys — car keys, home / office keys, hotel room keys, etc. There are variants of cryptography that are used in the labels. The scope of the labels is examined on specific examples using the NFC Prestigio PKR1 keychain. The problem of protection of information is studied and ways of its solution are proposed. It is proposed to expand the scope of application of NFC, introducing it into various telecommunication systems.
Linking Servant Leadership with Employee Innovative Behavior: The Intervening Role of Leadership Trust
Authors: Shah Syed Hidayat Ullah , Afridi Fahad Khan , Khattak Sajid Rahman
Published: December 2023

A business's ability to grow and gain a competitive advantage mainly depends on its workforce's inventiveness. However, the connection or processes behind the creative activity of employees and servant leadership (SL) have yet to be the subject of considerable study. This study, grounded on the LMX theory, looks at the correlation between worker creativity and SL from the standpoint of the employee-leadership relationship. It also explores the mediating function of leadership trust. Five hundred workers in Peshawar, Pakistan, provided information. With the data we had gathered, we ran structural equation modeling and hierarchical regression analysis using Amos 24 and SPSS 26.0. The outcome demonstrated that leadership trust was an intervening factor in the positive association between servant leadership and workers' creative endeavors.
Machine learning–based detection of sarcopenic obesity and association with adverse outcomes in patients undergoing surgical treatment for spinal metastases
Authors: Khalid Syed I. , Massaad Elie , Kiapour Ali , Bridge Christopher P. , Rigney Grant , Burrows Akeive , Shim Jane , De la Garza Ramos Rafael , Tobert Daniel G. , Schoenfeld Andrew J. , Williamson Theresa , Shankar Ganesh M. , Shin John H.
Published: December 2023

OBJECTIVE

The distributions and proportions of lean and fat tissues may help better assess the prognosis and outcomes of patients with spinal metastases. Specifically, in obese patients, sarcopenia may be easily overlooked as a poor prognostic indicator. The role of this body phenotype, sarcopenic obesity (SO), has not been adequately studied among patients undergoing surgical treatment for spinal metastases. To this end, here the authors investigated the role of SO as a potential prognostic factor in patients undergoing surgical treatment for spinal metastases.

METHODS

The authors identified patients who underwent surgical treatment for spinal metastases between 2010 and 2020. A validated deep learning approach evaluated sarcopenia and adiposity on routine preoperative CT images. Based on composition analyses, patients were classified with SO or nonsarcopenic obesity. After nearest-neighbor propensity matching that accounted for confounders, the authors compared the rates and odds of postoperative complications, length of stay, 30-day readmission, and all-cause mortality at 90 days and 1 year between the SO and nonsarcopenic obesity groups.

RESULTS

A total of 62 patients with obesity underwent surgical treatment for spinal metastases during the study period. Of these, 37 patients had nonsarcopenic obesity and 25 had SO. After propensity matching, 50 records were evaluated that were equally composed of patients with nonsarcopenic obesity and SO (25 patients each). Patients with SO were noted to have increased odds of nonhome discharge (OR 6.0, 95% CI 1.69–21.26), 30-day readmission (OR 3.27, 95% CI 1.01–10.62), and 90-day (OR 4.85, 95% CI 1.29–18.26) and 1-year (OR 3.78, 95% CI 1.17–12.19) mortality, as well as increased time to mortality after surgery (12.60 ± 19.84 months vs 37.16 ± 35.19 months, p = 0.002; standardized mean difference 0.86). No significant differences were noted in terms of length of stay or postoperative complications when comparing the two groups (p > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

The SO phenotype was associated with increased odds of nonhome discharge, readmission, and postoperative mortality. This study suggests that SO may be an important prognostic factor to consider when developing care plans for patients with spinal metastases.
Overweight among Medical Students in a Medical College
Authors: Rai Nilshan , Bhattarai Binita , Rai Paruhangma , Pathak Anil , Sahani Shambhu Kumar , Gurung Pabitra
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Overweight is defined as a condition in which abnormal accumulation of fat directly affects an individual personality and health leading to a marked increase in morbidity and mortality. It has a direct impact on both the psychological aspects of an individual's personality and their overall health. The objective of this study was to find out the prevalence of overweight among medical students in a medical college.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done among first and second-year medical students in a medical college between 20 February 2023 to 3 March 2023 after receiving ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee. Students studying Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery and Bachelor of Dental Surgery during the study period who gave consent were included and those students with a recent medical history of fever, typhoid, diarrhoea, thyroid disorder, metabolic disorders, or any other relevant medical condition within the preceding 1 month, potentially influencing body weight, were excluded. A convenience sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval.
Results: Among 164 students, the prevalence of overweight was 43 (26.22%) (19.49-32.95, 95% Confidence Interval). The mean age was 20.65±1.08 years.
Conclusions: The prevalence of overweight among medical students was higher than in other studies done in similar settings.
Chronic Otitis Media among Patients Visiting Community-Based Static Outreach Clinics
Authors: Mathema Luna , Adhikari Arun , Poudyal Prasanta , Chalise Ganesh Bahadur , Chaudhary Preeti , Khatri Bijay
Published: December 2023

Introduction: Chronic otitis media is a chronic inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid cavity, with recurrent ear discharges or otorrhoea through a tympanic perforation for the past 3 months. It is a common cause of hearing impairment, disability, and poor scholastic performance and can lead to fatal intracranial infections and acute mastoiditis. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of chronic otitis media among patients visiting community-based static outreach clinics.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients visiting the community-based static outreach clinics from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2019. The ethical approval was taken from the Ethical Review Board. The diagnosis of chronic otitis media was done using otoscopy. The records of patients coming to outreach clinics visiting for ear, nose and throat care were reviewed using a pre-designed study proforma. A systematic random sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval.
Results: Among 385 patients, 37 (9.61%) (6.67-12.55, 95% Confidence Interval) had chronic otitis media. The mean age of patients with chronic otitis media was 27.59±13.24 years, with 28 (75.67%) patients aged between 18-60 years. Among them, 30 (81.08%) had unilateral and 34 (91.89%) had a mucosal type.
Conclusions: The prevalence of chronic otitis media was lower than in other studies done in similar settings.
A Review on the Roles of Informal Caregivers for Community- dwelling older people and Supportive Program and Policies
Authors:   Korean Society of Educational Gerontology, Rhee YongJoo
Published: December 2023

This study aimed to clarify the scope and roles of caregivers, conducting an in-depth analysis to examine whether there is sufficient policy support in place for their current roles. To do so, we utilized domestic and international databases, including papers and reports from the year 2000 to 2023. We extracted and analyzed relevant literature using keywords related to the field of caregiving and informal caregivers. Policy support for the older people and family caregivers included strategies to reduce financial burden, indirect support for the older people, as well as direct support methods such as counseling and leave programs. However, there was a lack of integrated educational systems for both care recipients and informal family caregivers, leading to limitations in accessing information and support as the nature of caregiving evolved. Support policies for caregivers were institution-centric and fragmented, indicating the need for organizations overseeing caregiving comprehensively to provide education and support programs. The provision of interconnected data that both caregiving recipients and caregivers can understand is fundamental for long-term caregiving policy development. It is essential to explore practical policy measures for caregiving, enabling the formulation of integrated policies to support caregivers effectively.
Annual Review of Constitution-Building: 2022
Authors: Abebe Adem K. , Bisarya Sumit , Bulmer W. Elliot , Hickey Sharon Pia , Hudson Alexander , Noël Thibaut , Zulueta-Fülscher Kimana
Published: December 2023

International IDEA’s Annual Review of Constitution-Building series provides a retrospective account of constitutional transitions around the world, the issues that drive them, and their implications for national and international politics. 2022 was another year of widespread constitutional instability. The main trend of constitutional change in recent years has been in unilateral, executive-driven processes, where reform is used to entrench the individual or group in power, in keeping with the broader trend of democratic backsliding, whereby governments have used the law as a weapon to diminish or destroy political competition.
ОБГРУНТУВАННЯ СТРАТЕГІЙ БЕЗПЕЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ ІННОВАЦІЙНО-ОРІЄНТОВАНИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ
Authors: НАЗАРЧУК Тетяна , БУЦЕНКО Сергій
Published: December 2023

У дослідженні актуалізовано увагу до проблематики, по-перше, перспектив інноваційно-орієнтованого підприємництва та, по-друге, аспектів гарантування безпеки як інноваційних процесів, так і бізнесу, що є інноваційно активним. Метою дослідження визначено обґрунтування елементів стратегічного планування економічної безпеки інноваційно-орієнтованих суб’єктів господарювання. Показано, що інноваційний шлях та тип розвитку підприємства є безальтернативним, якщо підприємство орієнтується на стабільне довгострокове функціонування і розвиток з позиції міцної конкурентоспроможності. Зазначено, що при тому інновації завжди пов’язані з ризиком та значними інвестиційними і фінансовими витратами. Констатовано, що обґрунтування теоретико-методичних та методико-прикладних положень гарантування економічної безпеки інвестиційного процесу має високий рівень актуальності. Узагальнено, що формування конкурентоспроможності вітчизняних підприємств передбачає оптимальне поєднання наявних конкурентних переваг, пріоритетним інструментом використання яких є системно-інтегрований підхід. Розроблено концептуальну схему управління інноваційною активністю підприємства. Визначено стратегічні пріоритети та цілі забезпечення економічної безпеки інноваційно активних підприємств.
Contribution of critical thinking skills on concept understanding biology students at the implementation learning model
Authors: Siswati Bea Hana , Anantyarta Primadya , Humaidi Ahmad , Wicaksono Iwan
Published: December 2023

Gaining insight into how critical thinking influences the comprehension of concepts can facilitate students in achieving a more profound and meaningful learning experience. This study aims to investigate the contribution of critical thinking skills to the concept understanding of Class X Senior High School Students at the implementation of the 5E Instructional Model accompanied by the Case Method. This research method uses a correlational research design. The research sample consisted of one Class X Senior High School Student who applied the 5E Instructional Model accompanied by the Case Method. Data analysis using a simple regression correlation test with the help of SPSS for Windows 23. The results showed that students involved in the 5E Instructional Model accompanied by the Case Method experienced significant improvement in their critical thinking skills and concept understanding. This research provides a significant understanding of the dynamic connection between the abilities of critical thinking and the comprehension of concepts among students in senior high school.
Health benefits of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of medinilla speciosa blume
Authors: Purba Florensa Rosani , Rahayu Ika , Sudradjat Susana Elya , Timotius Kris Herawan
Published: December 2023

Medinilla speciosa (local name: parijoto) has many pharmacological benefits, including for treating female infertility. This study aimed to identify bioactive compounds of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Medinilla speciosa; to find information on their pharmacological benefits, and to do its docking profile with the protein phosphatase1, which is associated with the enhancement of female fertility. Articles were searched from PubMed. The components of Medinilla speciosa were analyzed with LC-MS/MS. In silico study was conducted based  PubChem, Protein Data Base, and Swiss ADME. Pyrx 0.8 and Discovery Studio Visualizer v21.1 were used to predict the interaction. Four flavonoids were identified, namely fisetin, robinetin, luteolin, and kaempferol. Except for robinetin, they exist in glycosidic form. One polyphenol, ellagic acid, was also identified. Literature studies showed they have various pharmacological benefits, such as antioxidants, anti-inflammation, anticancer, antidiabetes, organ protection, and antimicrobial. However, no information is available on its potential for fertility enhancement. Docking analysis showed that the bioactive compounds interact with the A and C chains of the catalytic domain of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1). Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Medinilla speciosa possess fisetin, robinetin, luteolin, kaempferol, and ellagic acid that bind to catalytic chains of protein phosphatase 1.
Lighter as flame control and temperature control in milk pasteurization system
Authors:   Computer Engineering, Universitas Dinamika, Indonesia, Febriansyah Rizky Alief , Kusumawati Weny Indah ,   Computer Engineering, Universitas Dinamika, Indonesia, Harianto Harianto ,   Computer Engineering, Universitas Dinamika, Indonesia
Published: December 2023

Milk pasteurization involves heating milk at a specific temperature below its boiling point as a method to keep the resulting dairy product retaining the shape and taste characteristics of fresh milk. In several experiments, the use of fuzzy control systems has been tested to regulate the temperature in the milk pasteurization process and to time the ignition of the stove flame. However, this fuzzy approach still causes the system to give an unstable response and irregular stove flame. In order to study milk pasteurization, the Low Temperature Long Time (LTLT) method is used which is implemented automatically through a PID control system. This method serves to maintain nutritional quality by keeping the pasteurization temperature at a setpoint of 62°C. This control involves the use of servo actuators and electric lighters that are automatically regulated with the help of flame sensors. The flame sensor detects the presence of flame and ensures that the flame remains lit throughout the pasteurization process. At the end of the process, the flame sensor plays a role in breaking the flame by setting a certain threshold. This sensor operates within 10 CM of the flame source and will produce an analog output with a maximum value of 4000 when the flame is lit. When the flame is extinguished, the analog output of the sensor will reach a value of 4095. Testing of the milk pasteurization automation system is given a value for each PID resulting from the value of Kp = 31.8, Ki = 115.6, Kd = 4.4 and obtained a rise time value of 0.39 minutes, 0.61%, settling min of 60.88, and settling max of 62.38.
The Influence of Epistemic Communities on International Political Negotiations about the Space Debris Problem
Authors: Machoň Miloslav
Published: December 2023

Since the 1970’s the debate about the rising importance of transnationalrelations has existed in international relations. Apart from states, therelated research also focuses on other actors, including epistemiccommunities. The article uses the concept of epistemic communities andfinds whether the activity of epistemic communities determines the processof the international management of outer space in the case of the politicalnegotiations relating to space debris in UNCOPUOS and UNOOSA. Theactivity of epistemic communities exists in the political negotiations relatingto space debris in UNCOPUOS and UNOOSA, but it has not been reflected inthe related scholarly literature. Epistemic communities from thenongovernmental organizations IAF, COSPAR and IISL contributed tosetting the space debris problem on the agenda of UNCOPUOS. Also, underthe influence of epistemic communities from the governmentalorganization IADC, UNCOPUOS adopted guidelines preventing the creationof further amounts of space debris.