bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dual-Lumen Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Cannulation Technique Using Only Transthoracic Echocardiography – A Case Series
Authors: Huang Lin , Wu Li-li , Ding Yu-fen , Zhou Qing-shan , Tang Kai-Yan , Ng Pauline Yeung , Sin Wai-Ching
Published: July 2024

Background

Bicaval dual lumen cannula (DLC) is gaining popularity in veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (V-V ECMO) for having less recirculation and facilitating mobilization. It is usually inserted under fluoroscopic or transesophageal echocardiographic guidance to prevent potentially fatal complications. Thus, their utilization was limited during the COVID-19 outbreak due to stringent quarantine policy and manpower shortage, especially when emergency insertion was required.

Purpose

To describe our experience on DLC insertion using transthoracic echocardiography alone during the pandemic, with a focus on safety considerations by using detail step-by-step procedural guide.

Outcome

Four patients were performed V-V ECMO using the transthoracic echocardiographic-guided DLC cannulation technique during the fifth wave of the COVID-19 outbreak, with no cannulation-related complications.

Conclusion

Transthoracic echocardiographic guidance for DLC insertion is feasible and probably safe with a detailed guide, which can be adopted as a supplementary tool during future endemic outbreaks.
Implementing Arts on Prescription at Home for People Living With Dementia: A Hybrid-Effectiveness Feasibility Study
Authors: O'Connor Claire MC , Poulos Roslyn G , Heldon Michelle , Preti Costanza , Beattie Elizabeth , Poulos Christopher J
Published: July 2024

Arts on prescription at home (AoP@Home) is a participatory art-based approach involving a professional artist engaging a person with dementia (and their family carer) in art-making in their own home. This study evaluated the implementation of AoP@Home within a real-world community aged care context. A hybrid effectiveness-implementation design was used to simultaneously test both the AoP@Home intervention and the implementation process. AoP@Home program outcomes included person with dementia and family carer (dyad) health and wellbeing, and personal goal attainment. Implementation outcomes were evaluated according to feasibility, fidelity, acceptability, uptake, and costs via routinely collected data, artist notes, and interviews with program managers, artists, and participant dyads. Four dyads completed an AoP@Home program during the study period. All participants with dementia reported improvements in their overall health and wellbeing, and wellbeing scores improved for all carers from baseline to post-program. Implementation was feasible using existing government funding mechanisms, and programs were acceptable to all stakeholders. It is possible to deliver participatory arts programs for community-dwelling people with dementia and their family, in their home, using sustainable and available funding models. Programs such as AoP@Home should be made more accessible alongside broader allied health and care services.
Gingival Mucoperiosteal Fibroma—Clinical, Imaging, and Histological Review of a Novel Oral Fibroma in 27 Dogs
Authors: Tai Joyce , Bell Cynthia M
Published: July 2024

This case series describes the clinical, imaging, and histological features of 27 lesions diagnosed as a benign fibrous mass not previously described in veterinary literature. The authors propose the name gingival mucoperiosteal fibroma (GMPF) to describe these fibrous lesions found in dogs. Histologically, GMPF is characterized by a lack of odontogenic tissue and various degrees of ossification. GMPFs affect adult dogs with an average age of 95 months (range 24-156 months) and appear as expansile growths with superficial appearance matching the surrounding gingiva. The mandibular incisive region is the most commonly affected region (n = 13) and most cases have some level of bone proliferation radiographically (n = 14). Histological examination of the masses shows poorly cellular fibrous tissue with thick interwoven collagen fibers. Bony invasion by the mass was not noted, though histological proliferation of bone was seen in 17 lesions. Surgical resection was curative in all cases when performed, and no recurrence was seen at time of follow-up. Fibrous lesions of the oral cavity in dogs are poorly defined and categorized, though numerous lesions have been described in both human and veterinary literature.
Effect of Pulp Chamber Access, Instrumentation, Obturation, and Restoration on the Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Canine Teeth in Dogs
Authors: Popovic Maya Alexandra , Lussier Bertrand , Chizari Kambiz , Dumais Yvan
Published: July 2024

Veterinary studies documenting the effect of endodontic treatment on tooth fracture resistance are scarce. The objective of this ex vivo study was to evaluate the effects of mesial access preparation and restoration, as well as pulp chamber access, instrumentation, obturation, and restoration, on the fracture resistance and characteristics of canine teeth in dogs. Sixty-five dog canine teeth were divided into 4 groups: 1. Standard endodontic treatment through a mesial access only; 2. Treatment as per group 1, adding an incisal access, instrumentation and obturation of the pulp chamber, and restoration of the access; 3. Treatment as per group 2, without pulp chamber obturation or restoration of the incisal access; and 4. Untreated teeth. The fracture resistance and characteristics of each group were documented using axial compression testing, angled 45° disto-occlusal to the long axis of the crown. The maximum force prior to fracture in groups 1, 3, and 4 were not statistically different, demonstrating that restored mesial and incisal accesses with pulp chamber instrumentation did not statistically affect fracture resistance. However, obturated and restored group 2 teeth demonstrated decreased fracture resistance compared to all other groups ( P < .001). Additionally, 26.7% of group 1 teeth sustained complicated crown fractures, while 100% of group 2 teeth fractured within the obturation or restorative materials, preventing pulp exposure in these cases. Although the cause and clinical importance of decreased tooth fracture resistance following pulp chamber obturation and restoration remains unknown, it may provide protective value for maintaining a coronal seal in the event of tooth fracture.
Finite element method based modeling of cutting forces and cutting temperature in micro-milling LF21
Authors: Lu Xiaohong , Chen Ying , Cong Chen , Wang Kaidong , Liang Steven Y.
Published: July 2024

The demands for aluminum alloy LF21 micro precision parts are increasing in the fields of aerospace, high-tech electronic products, and the other fields. Micro-milling is an effective technology for machining small LF21 precision parts. Cutting forces and temperature are crucial factors in micro-milling process, directly affect tool vibration, tool wear, and surface quality of the workpiece, and even result in large deformation of the tool and workpiece. Direct measurement of cutting forces during micro-milling requires high-precision and expensive instruments. Moreover, due to the small cutting area in micro-milling, it is challenging to achieve accurate measurements of cutting area temperature. Therefore, accurate prediction of cutting forces and temperature in micro-milling is urgent and challenging. Nowadays, there are few studies on prediction of cutting forces in micro-milling LF21. The study on prediction of temperature in micro-milling LF21 is still blank. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes a finite element method based on modeling for prediction of cutting forces and temperature in micro-milling LF21. ABAQUS software is adopted. First, the geometry models of the micro-milling tool and workpiece are established. Then, the assembly and mesh division of the established models are completed. Johnson-Cook constitutive model and Johnson-Cook damage criteria are used to describe the material constitutive relationship and chip separation criteria, respectively. The suitable tool-workpiece friction models are determined. Finally, the simulation of the micro-milling LF21 process is achieved. Experiments of micro-milling LF21 are conducted and the cutting forces are measured using the dynamometer. The validity of the built process simulation model and the correctness of the cutting force prediction results are verified by the comparison of experiment and simulation cutting forces. Then, the prediction of temperature is achieved based on the verified process simulation model of micro-milling LF21.
Study on the effect of bearing position and stiffness on the dynamic behavior of output stage of CHT system based on the cylindrical gear meshing
Authors: Che Xiaoyu , Zhu Rupeng
Published: July 2024

The internal and external rotor shafts are important components to transfer power in coaxial helicopters, and bearing supports could affect the dynamic behavior of the transmission system. In order to explore the influence of bearing support structure, bearing position and support stiffness on the dynamic behavior of the output stage of coaxial helicopter transmission (CHT) system based on the cylindrical gear meshing, a rigid-flexible coupled dynamic model is established under cantilever-cantilever support structure and cantilever-simple support structure considering the flexibility of rotor shaft based on Timoshenko beam theory, and time-varying mesh stiffness (TVMS), comprehensive meshing error are also considered. Newmark-beta numerical method was applied to calculate the dynamic response. The result indicates that the load sharing performance of gear pair using cantilever-simple support structure is better than that of cantilever-cantilever structure, but the maximum vibration displacement of bull gears is reduced apparently. Simultaneously, the bearing positions and stiffness can be adjusted to achieve better performance in load distribution and maximum vibration displacement of bull gears.
Design and kinematics analysis of a parabolic cylinder deployment mechanism with modular over-constrained triangular pyramid
Authors: Yang Hui , Wu Dongtian , Wang Yan , Xiao Hong
Published: July 2024

Space missions require novel mechanisms that can have compact form in complex space environments. This study proposes a modular triangular pyramid parabolic cylinder deployment mechanism. The modular deployable unit contains an over-constrained triangular pyramid deployable mechanism and a symmetrical trapezoidal Bricard linkage that drives the longitudinal and transverse motions of the mechanism. A cable net is added between two symmetrical linkages to form a parabolic cylindrical reflector and is analyzed by the force density method. The Denavit-Hartenberg (D-H) coordinate method is used to analyze the kinematic characteristics. Based on the analytical solution for the angular displacement, the degrees of freedom of the mechanism are derived from screw theory. Subsequently, the angular velocity and acceleration of the joint points are obtained. Finally, kinematic models of the modular triangular pyramid parabolic cylinder deployable mechanism are established, and the accuracy of the theoretical model is verified using a numerical method. This novel parabolic cylinder deployable mechanism will have a significant influence in aerospace domain. Crucially, the work has value to design deployment mechanism for parabolic cylinder antenna.
Exploring wear resistance: Three-body abrasion evaluation of HVOF-sprayed TiC and CoNi coatings on SS316 steel
Authors: Singh Vikrant , Kaur Samandeep , Kumar Vijay , Bansal Anuj , Singla Anil Kumar , Jha Sachin
Published: July 2024

This study investigated the performance of High-Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF)-sprayed Titanium Carbide (TiC) and TiC + 50C (50%TiC + 50%CoNi) coatings on SS316 steel under three-body abrasion conditions. The microstructural analysis revealed a homogeneous distribution of TiC particles within the TiC coatings, while the TiC + 50C coatings exhibited a more complex microstructure due to the presence of Co-Ni alloy. Mechanical testing demonstrated the superior microhardness of TiC coatings compared to the SS316 substrate, suggesting enhanced wear resistance. Slurry abrasion tests indicated reduced mass loss rates for both TiC and TiC + 50C coatings compared to uncoated SS316 steel, with TiC coatings exhibiting superior resistance to abrasive wear. Post-abrasion examination revealed distinct wear patterns, including abrasive chipping, plowing marks, crater formation, wear traces, and surface ruggedness.
Optical study on the single and multiple regions of flame propagation and combustion characteristics of methane/air mixture ignited by pilot diesel
Authors: Cui Zechuan , Tian Jiangping , Zhang Xiaolei , Ye Mingyuan , Wei Kaile , Wang Peng , Shi Song
Published: July 2024

The combustion characteristics of lean methane/air mixtures ignited by single and multiple diesel sprays were investigated using an optical RCEM test bench. The experimental approach included flame natural luminescence photography, pressure data acquisition, and heat release analysis. The results revealed that the relationships of ignition delay and orifice diameter varied under single diesel and dual fuel combustion mode. Under dual fuel mode, increasing the orifice diameter of the single-orifice nozzle resulted in a reduction in ignition delay, an acceleration in flame propagation, and an increase in the heat release rate. Increasing the number of orifices multiplied the flame regions, expanded the flame propagation pathways, and enhanced the promoting effect between the flames, resulting in faster flame propagation and increased heat release. The orifice axis angle significantly affected the ignition position and flame propagation direction. An appropriate axis angle would shorten the flame propagation distance, optimize the flame propagation direction and mitigate the impediment effect between flames.
Fatigue life sensitivity research for electric driving system in driving load cases and random vibration load cases
Authors: Zhuokai Peng , Weiqiang Chen , Jing Liu , Linpei Zhu , Dan Wei
Published: July 2024

In this paper, the fatigue characteristics of the electric drive system in driving load cases and random vibration load cases are analyzed numerically and experimentally. The fatigue life of the driving system under these two load cases is analyzed by using the time domain method and frequency domain method respectively. The results show that the damage of rotating parts (gear and bearing) mainly occurs in driving load cases, and the damage of gear and bearing in the driving load cases is 71.78% and 43.46% respectively. Fixed components (housing and suspension support) have certain damage in driving load cases and random vibration load cases, and the damage is greater in driving load cases. The damage of housing and suspension support in driving load cases is 10.6% and 0.167% respectively; the damage under random vibration load cases is 1.32 × 10−11 and 3.12 × 10−11 respectively. Based on the above conclusions, it is suggested that the driving load case tests for electric driving system are necessary, but it is not necessary to do random vibration tests only for electric driving system, or the number of random vibration tests can be reduced. This not only ensures the reliability of the components, but also helps to reduce the test cost.
Quantifying the influence of natural resources rent, financial development, and institutional quality on energy security risk
Authors: Chen Ping , Zhong Shuntao , Zheng ShiYong , Ullah Sana , Musa Majd
Published: July 2024

Access to stable energy sources is crucial for sustaining economic development, providing public services, and safeguarding the wellbeing of individuals, making it a crucial component of national security and economic stability. Thus, an affordable and ample amount of energy is crucial for mitigating energy security risks. In this regard, a country needs to investigate the factors that can mitigate the risks related to energy security. The available literature on determinants related to energy security is limited. This research employs a novel cross-sectionally augmented autoregressive distributed lag model to examine the effects of natural resources rent, financial development, and institutional quality on energy security risk. The findings show that the natural resources rent, financial development, institutional quality index, voice and accountability, regulatory quality, political stability, government effectiveness, the rule of law, and control of corruption all help mitigate the energy security risk in the long run. In the short run, only financial development helps mitigate the energy security risks. The control variables of gross domestic product and trade increase the energy security risks, while the information and communications technology mitigates risks related to energy security in the long run. The findings help policymakers understand how the interaction of these factors helps reduce energy security risks.
When electric vehicles bump into sharing economy: Consumer's variety seeking in the sustainable transportation
Authors: Zhang Zichen , Wang Yuan
Published: July 2024

The development of electric vehicles incurs the consumer's variety seeking in the sharing economy. In addition to being passengers on the sharing platform, customers can rent electric vehicles from the rental company as ride-hailing drivers, rather than purchasing from the manufacturing firm. In this article, we set up a game-theoretic model to study the customer's variety-seeking behavior in the new frenemy partnership and solve the equilibrium pricing strategy and quality decision for the rental company and the sharing platform. The numerical experiments show that the rental company's price is less influenced by the valuation heterogeneity, but the sharing platform's price is the opposite. Given some real-world examples of product ownership and product usage in sustainable transportation, we discuss the consumer's variety seeking and the company/platform's pricing strategy from both the passenger and driver sides.
“Hey, where’s my low-key sexist objectification?”: A blind woman's reflections on being banished and liberated from normative femininity and the gaze
Authors: Botha Michelle
Published: July 2024

In this autoethnographic paper, I present some personal reflections on negotiating tricky identity-related terrain as sociocultural beliefs about disability, femininity, impairment, and sexuality interact with my embodiment as a blind woman. This has primarily to do with being in some ways liberated and in other ways banished from both normative femininity and the gaze. I describe the complicated double-binds in my own experience with seeking belonging, that is, social and sexual legitimacy against the backdrop of a prohibitive gender system rooted in visual culture, which might be resonant for other blind and disabled women. I also consider the implications for blind and disabled women of being positioned as “transcenders” of visual culture and the gender regime. I suggest that, rather than liberation, this positioning might be felt by disabled women as further marginalisation, a banishment from acceptability and legitimacy.
Cardiac involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus: Interest of 2D global longitudinal strain
Authors: Chourabi Sana , Sayhi Sameh , Ben Ameur Selim , Chourabi Chadia , Mahfoudhi Houaida , Fehri Wafa , Ben Abdelhafidh Nadia
Published: July 2024

Background

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic multisystem autoimmune disease of undetermined etiology. Cardiac involvement is common in SLE and constitutes one of the main causes of mortality. More recently, new ultrasound imaging techniques, such as transthoracic ultrasound (TTE) with strain evaluation, have appeared and seem promising for the detection of cardiac involvement. The objective of our work was to study the frequency and characteristics of ultrasound abnormalities found in lupus patients and to study the benefit of ultrasound with global longitudinal strain (GLS) for early management.

Methods

It was an observational study of patients followed for SLE at the internal medicine and cardiology department of the HMPIT for 6 months (May-November 2023). The definition of cardiac involvement was by ultrasound. All patients benefited from TTE coupled with 2D-strain. We divided the workforce into two groups: the first group (patients with heart disease) and the second group (patients without heart disease).

Results

In a series of 40 lupus patients including 33 women and seven men, cardiac manifestations were reported in 60% of patients. In the first group, 29% had palpitations, 25% had chest pain, 67% had dyspnea, 37% had pericarditis, 8% had pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and 12% had myocarditis. The comparative study showed that patients in the first group presented significantly more frequently with dyspnea ( p = 0.02), chest pain ( p = 0.03) and serositis ( p = 0.01) compared to those in the second group. The mean left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) did not show a significant difference between the two groups. On the other hand, the average Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS) was significantly altered in the first group ( p = 0.01). Furthermore, the frequency of pathological GLS was significantly higher in patients with lupus heart disease ( p < 0.01).

Conclusion

Cardiac involvement during SLE is a frequent and most often asymptomatic complication. A systematic search for this impairment using a high-performance echocardiography examination, namely the 2D GLS, is essential for early treatment.
Co-ordinating agricultural adaptation: Seasonal forecasts and their influence on rural agricultural rhythms in Ethiopia
Authors: Venning Mathias , Bushaka Bizuneh
Published: July 2024

Seasonal forecasts are fast being popularised as a key tool in the enablement of seasonal climate adaptation, particularly in agricultural practice. Derived from advances in meteorological science and technology, a seasonal forecast introduces a novel temporal framework that seeks to coordinate the rhythms of agricultural practice against a modelled future. However, a ‘season’ is comprised of a complex knit of temporalities, differentiated across those actors that comprise the networked pathways, and through which, seasonal forecast information must be communicated before it can be enacted in practice. Such temporal barriers to the use of seasonal forecast information in agricultural decision-making have been less commonly and critically assessed across the literature on climate service use. Utilising interview data collected from a variety of actors across one communication pathway in the Sidama Region of Ethiopia, this article appraises the seasonal forecast as a novel temporal framework and describes how it has become embedded and extended through rhythms of agricultural practice. Although seasonal forecasts are seen to have some coordinative effect, we find that the seasonal forecasts are disconnected from extant temporal frameworks that govern existing rhythms of local agricultural practice. This limits their potential use in adaptation decision-making. We summarise key lessons learned for the development and communication of seasonal forecasts, which must more meaningfully account for the multiplicity of temporalities that influence agricultural practice.
Social epidemiology and time use
Authors: Dearfield Craig T , Pugh-Yi Robin H
Published: July 2024

Examining disease progression and associated risk and protective factors over time is essential for epidemiology. “Over time” can be understood as discrete events in people's lives that affect their health outcomes, including exposures and behaviors. For social epidemiology, this is of interest because time spent in social situations is required to benefit from those interactions. A wide range of social relationship types has been linked to health outcomes. Social relationships take time to develop and include spending time with others. Spending time with others has been shown to lead people to adopt beliefs, priorities, and behaviors from the group. Therefore time with others influences decisions about how to spend time and, potentially, health trajectory. More research is needed on how time affects the relationships between social influence and health. This commentary explores gaps in the social epidemiology field related to time use and suggests ways to address these gaps through data collection and analyses.
Doing youth in time? A relational perspective on the temporal constructions of youth
Authors: Walther Andreas , Stauber Barbara
Published: July 2024

Temporality is a key principle of the constitution of youth as a life phase. Historically, ,invented‘ and institutionalized as moratorium, youth has been reserved for preparation for adulthood, thus contributing to the sequential order of the modern life course. Institutional age marks in school, youth welfare or citizenship claim to explicitly demarcate beginning and ending of youth in a linear way. Not only but most lately in the context of the activating welfare state, temporal normativities and normalities of growing up seem to have lost consistency. Consequently, young people have to position themselves with regard to chrononormative markers of the ‘right age’ reflected by distinctions from, ‘too young for …’ or, ‘too old for …’.

The article analyses blurring temporalities of the youth phase by relating changes of the temporal regime(s) of young people's growing up and their individual and collective time work from a doing transitions perspective. The complexity and paradox of these temporalities are illustrated by three exemplary empirical case vignettes: Coping with suspended transitions in the pandemic; Fridays for Future as intergenerational struggle for future; and youth cultural practices expressing attempts of slowing down. In these constellations tensions of temporality emerge: the tension between moratorium and acceleration, between orientation towards the future and orientation towards the present, between simultaneity and linear sequentiality. A relational approach to the temporalities of youth is developed along with concepts like relative time and asynchronicity while young people's time work is reinterpreted in terms of doing youth in time. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of relational temporality for conceptualizing young people's agency and consequences for youth research.
The Road to the Winter Line in Italy: The Tale of Two Divisions
Authors: Marston Daniel
Published: July 2024

By late 1943, the British 8th Army had developed a strong learning and training culture, drawing from its battlefield experience. This essay will examine the evolution of this culture and its implementation across diverse units during its Italian campaign. The primary focus will be on the training and performance of the 8th Indian and 78th British divisions, focusing on the battles of October–December 1943. This analysis will consider the learning and training culture, along with the impact of ongoing reform initiatives within the British and Indian armies, and their relationship with strategic decisions made in London and New Delhi.
Do ethical views of end-of-life patients’ family members impact organ donation decisions?
Authors: Aksoy Berna , Kasıkcı Turker Esengul
Published: July 2024

Background: The relatives of patients who decide to donate their loved one’s organs experience dilemmas about organ donation and are affected by culture, religion, and individual views.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the ethical position and personal characteristics of the family members of the patients receiving end-of-life care and their thoughts about organ donation in Turkey.

Research design and participants: The study was completed with 158 family members. For data collection, a personal information form and the Ethics Position Questionnaire were used.

Ethical considerations: This study was obtained from the ethics committee of the faculty of medicine in Turkey. It was based on voluntary participation, informed consent, confidentiality, and anonymity.

Results: All participants in the study shared the same faith and were Muslims. The idealism and relativism tendencies of the participants tended to be high. The number of children, the participants have, participants’ status of waiting for an organ transplant, the view that the clergy and health personnel will increase interest in organ donation were identified as factors associated with idealism tendencies. Participants’ status of having children, the number of children participants have, participants’ status of organ transplant waiting, the view that the health personnel will increase interest in organ donation were identified as factors associated with relativism tendencies ( p < 0.0.5).

Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrated a relationship between participants’ idealism and relativism tendencies, among those with a large number of children, waiting for organ donation, advocating for clergy guidance to increase organ donations, and believing healthcare professionals need not guide to increase organ donations. In light of this finding, it may be recommended to establish a multidisciplinary team, including healthcare professionals and clergy, and to inform the society with accurate information to increase the number of organ donations.
Unlocking the Potential of the Regression Discontinuity Design for Social Work Research
Authors: Moss Brian G.
Published: July 2024

Purpose: This article introduces the regression discontinuity design (RDD) as a valuable quasi-experimental approach for evaluating social work interventions. Methods: The RDD is outlined, providing guidance on identifying and framing research questions within its structure. Detailed explanations of analytical procedures for estimating intervention effects under both sharp (treatment assignment strictly determined by a cutoff) and fuzzy (treatment assignment is influenced but not strictly determined by a cutoff) RDD conditions are included, along with common supplemental analyses to address potential validity threats. Results: Concrete examples of social work scenarios where RDD can be effectively employed are presented, showcasing innovative approaches that can enhance the design's utility. This paper also includes code for implementing these techniques. Conclusions: By examining the applications and methodologies of RDD, this article equips social work practitioners and researchers with a versatile tool to rigorously assess the impact of interventions and advance evidence-based practice within the field.
Still Further Challenges to Advancing Social Work Research: Response to Feldman
Authors: Guterman Neil B.
Published: July 2024

In response to Ron Feldman's article on accomplishments and challenges to advance a strong infrastructure for social work research, I offer four additional challenges to consider at this historical juncture.
Strengthening Social Work Research Education in Pursuit of Social Justice
Authors: Barth Richard P. , Garcia Antonio R. , Jonson-Reid Melissa , Drake Brett
Published: July 2024

Research education in social work is becoming increasingly influenced by anti-scientific ideologies. Social work researchers and students now exist in an environment that is moving away from scientific and pedagogical touchstones. These touchstones include the expectation to (a) select research questions, (b) rely upon relevant and applicable methods that are tailored to answer those questions, and (c) engage in a free and open discourse about the selection of methods, even if they are in stark contrast to those that are preferred by personal values or pre-determined ideology. We state our concern that social work research is narrowing, leaving researchers pressured to diverge from general qualitative and quantitative scientific approaches, and risking the stifling of open discourse needed to inform efficacious interventions and/or policies. In addition to the challenges identified by Feldman, this paper suggests an additional challenge—that SW research education may be failing to prepare scholars to follow the scientific standards needed to advance the evidence-based useful to those we serve. We propose alternative approaches.
Multidisciplinary Velopharyngeal Dysfunction Evaluation Helps Detect Non-classic Cases of 22q11.2 Deletion
Authors: Stanek Krystof , Wang Alice T. , Hseu Anne F. , Clark Roseanne E. , Meara John G. , Nuss Roger C. , Ganske Ingrid M. , Rogers-Vizena Carolyn R.
Published: July 2024

Objective

To explore the role of multidisciplinary velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD) assessment in diagnosing 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q) in children.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

Multidisciplinary VPD clinic at a tertiary pediatric hospital.

Patients, Participants

Seventy-five children with genetically confirmed 22q evaluated at the VPD clinic between February 2007 and February 2023, including both previously diagnosed patients and those newly diagnosed as a result of VPD evaluation.

Interventions

Comprehensive review of medical records, utilizing ICD-10 codes and an institutional tool for keyword searches, to identify patients and collect data on clinical variables and outcomes.

Main Outcome Measures

Characteristics of children with 22q, pathways to diagnosis, and clinical presentations that led to genetic testing for 22q.

Results

Of the 75 children, 9 were newly diagnosed with 22q following VPD evaluation. Non-cleft VPI was a significant indicator for 22q in children not previously diagnosed, occurring in 100% of newly diagnosed cases compared to 52% of cases with existing 22q diagnosis ( P = .008). Additional clinical findings leading to diagnosis included congenital heart disease, craniofacial abnormalities, and developmental delays.

Conclusions

VPD evaluations, particularly the presence of non-cleft VPI, play a crucial role in identifying undiagnosed cases of 22q. This underscores the need for clinicians, including plastic surgeons, otolaryngologists, and speech-language pathologists, to maintain a high degree of suspicion for 22q in children presenting with VPI without a clear etiology. Multidisciplinary approaches are essential for early diagnosis and management of this complex condition.
School Nurse Leadership and the Implementation of School-Based Support for LGBTQ+ Students
Authors: Shattuck Daniel , Ramos Mary M. , Richard Bonnie O. , Hall Janie Lee , Sparks Rhonda , Willging Cathleen E.
Published: July 2024

In 2021, the National Association of School Nurses published an updated position statement affirming the unique position of school nurses to support the health and well-being of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ+) students who are faced with a variety of health disparities rooted in experiences of stigma, discrimination, and bias. The 5-year cluster randomized controlled trial “Reducing LGBTQ+ Adolescent Suicide” leveraged school nurses as leaders to facilitate the uptake of six evidence-informed, LGBTQ-supportive practices in New Mexico high schools. We analyzed 5 years of interview data from 24 school nurses in 13 intervention schools to examine what factors impacted their ability to serve as an effective leader for this initiative. Several factors including job characteristics, leadership and organizational skills, relationships and reputation, and personal commitments emerged from analysis. Contextual factors, such as working in urban or rural school, and the size of the school also influenced nurses’ leadership.
Development and Validation of the Online Proactive Career Behavior Scale
Authors: Korkmaz Ozan , Doğanülkü Hacı Arif , Bakioğlu Fuad , Yalçın Süleyman Barbaros
Published: July 2024

In today’s technology world, the number and use of online tools has almost reached its peak. Depending on the developments in technology, individuals’ approaches and behaviors regarding their careers have also begun to change. However, validated measures that measure individuals' online proactive career behavior appear to be lacking today. The current study aims to develop and validate the scale to measure online proactive career behaviors. The participants of the study consist of 942 university students in Türkiye (aged between 19 to 42). The findings showed that the developed scale met the validity and reliability criteria. In addition, it seemed that the online proactive career behaviors obtained within this current study may represent the career behaviors in the Career Construction Model of Adaptation as proactive career behaviors.
“Glorified Minute Takers”: Journalists’ (Mis)handling of Scientific Uncertainty During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Mesmer Kelsey , Jahng M. Rosie , Wurm Jill , Akther Najma
Published: July 2024

This study examined how journalists handled scientific uncertainty in their reporting of the COVID-19 pandemic. We performed interviews with U.S. journalists who reported on the entirety of the COVID-19 pandemic and a content analysis of the Johnson & Johnson (Janssen) COVID-19 vaccine pause as one discrete scientific event during the pandemic. Results showed journalists were largely parroting public health officials instead of engaging in critical reporting, interrogating, and/or explaining the science associated with COVID-19. There was a lack of emphasis on uncertainty, indicating the need for a stronger focus on science news within journalism education.
Dual-reference adaptive feedforward control of a magnetostrictive device for synchronous micropositioning and microvibration isolation
Authors: Yi Sicheng , Zhou Wangjie , Li Xingyuan , Li Long , Zhang Quan
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we propose a novel dual-reference adaptive feedforward controller to realize synchronous micropositioning and microvibration isolation on a magnetostrictive device. The scheme of the proposed adaptive feedforward controller and its differences from the traditional single-reference controller are briefly introduced. The desired trajectory and available external disturbance as two input references are utilized to develop the proposed controller. The dynamics compensator is constructed based on the modified filtered-x normalized least mean square (MFxNLMS) algorithm with the discrete cosine transform (DCT) technique. The asymmetric hysteresis compensator is modeled via the arctangent-polynomial modified Prandtl–Ishlinskii (APMPI) model. The experimental setup is built, and the closed-loop control experiment is carried out according to the designed experimental process. Comparison of experimental results show that the proposed dual-reference DCT-MFxNLMS controller behaves better than the single-reference DCT-MFxNLMS and proportional-derivative-derivative (PID) integrated controller for the synchronous micropositioning and vibration isolation cases. Moreover, by the dual-reference DCT-MFxNLMS controller, the vibration isolation ratio enhances and the tracking bandwidth increases within the interest of frequency bandwidth, compared with those of open-loop system, respectively.
Influence of nonlinear motor suspension parameters on Hopf bifurcation characteristics of high-speed bogie
Authors: Huang Yu , Dai Huanyun , Shi Huailong , Huang Caihong , Qi Yayun , Mao Rancheng , Shi Wen
Published: July 2024

A dynamic model of the bogie was established to investigate the influence of the elastic suspension of the motor and some nonlinear terms on the stability of vehicle hunting motion. Linear analysis was conducted based on the root locus method and other methods, and the influence of the elastic suspension of the motor on the linear critical speed was studied. Then, based on research on linear stability, the impact of the first Lyapunov coefficient of the model on the Hopf bifurcation type was analyzed. Subsequently, the influence of the stiffness and damping cubic terms in the motor suspension on the first Lyapunov coefficient was studied, and the possibility of controlling the Hopf bifurcation type by changing the stiffness and damping cubic terms in the motor suspension was analyzed, and relevant research was conducted. The results show that the increase of the cubic term of stiffness increased the corresponding speed when the amplitude of the limit cycle was 8 mm by about 3.4 km/h, and the increase of the cubic term of damping increased the corresponding speed when the amplitude of the limit cycle was 8 mm by about 8.9 km/h. Finally, a time-domain diagram corresponding to systems with different motor suspension stiffness and damping cubic terms was presented, further explaining the role of the motor suspension cubic terms and conducting relevant validation, providing reference opinions for the design of the motor elastic suspension of multiple units.
Navel-Gazing Breaks the Heart Open: Autoethnography as Love-in-Action
Authors: Murray Fiona
Published: July 2024

This article is an autoethnography as love-in-action in uncertain times. It is an autoethnography that writes into the complicated relationship that I have with my tummy. Through my tummy, I revisit the age-old and tired argument that autoethnography is navel-gazing and narcissistic. I return here because my therapist-self is still contesting that navel-gazing and narcissism are not the same thing and so shouldn’t be coupled together in the critique. Through writing into uncertainty, I find some indignancy and argue that autoethnography that does not navel-gaze is much more likely to be narcissistic because navel-gazing is actually the cure for narcissism.
Whom Would You Help? The Impact of Perpetrator and Victim Gender on Bystander Behavior During a Sexual Assault
Authors: Lippert Anne , Baker Dylan , Hawk Gregory , Gongora Nissa , Golding Jonathan
Published: July 2024

We examined the impact of perpetrator and victim gender on bystander helping choices and assault perceptions. Participants (32 females, 37 males) read about two simultaneously occurring sexual assaults, indicated which victim they would help, and gave their perceptions of the assaults. We used a within-participants design that fully manipulated the perpetrator and victim gender for both assaults. Results showed female victims of male perpetrators and male victims of female perpetrators were most and least likely to be chosen for help, respectively. Cognitive networks derived from open-ended responses provided insight into the rationale used by participants to make helping decisions in ways that differed by perpetrator and victim gender.
The Continuum of Violence and Interstices in the Journeys and Bodies of Women on the Move From West Africa
Authors: Antolínez Domínguez Inmaculada , Jorge Barbuzano Esperanza
Published: July 2024

On the migration route from Western and Central Africa to Europe, aggression toward women's bodies has played a prominent role. In this study, we analyze this route as a continuum of violence and also study the interstices to confront it. Using a biographical narrative methodology, we analyze the narratives of 52 migrant women, through life stories or creative narrative workshops carried out in Mali, Morocco, and Spain. The results allow us to systematize the continuum of violence that the women report, understood as a pedagogy of cruelty but also the possible spaces to build a safe landscape.
“Stop Giving Us What You Think We Need. Come to Us and Ask Us What We Need”: Justice Perceptions Among Survivors of Domestic Abuse
Authors: Pinchevsky Gillian M. , Miller Susan L. , Goodmark Leigh
Published: July 2024

Justice is typically thought of as a product of the criminal legal system. However, prior research has found that survivors of domestic and sexual abuse may also value other factors outside of the legal system. This study explores perceptions of justice held by 96 survivors of domestic abuse. Responses to an online survey indicate that perceptions of justice are complex and multifaceted. Survivors often spoke of justice as accountability, restoration, postabuse support, and validation. The findings highlight the many justice considerations, and solely emphasizing criminal legal system outcomes may be misguided. Implications for additional research and practice are provided.
Should We Evict Critical Perspectives on the State-Led Gentrification of Council Estates in London? The Case of Woodberry Down
Authors: Busá Alessandro , Lees Loretta
Published: July 2024

Research on council estate regeneration in London has revealed predominantly negative outcomes, including direct and indirect displacements, the loss of homes and communities, and the slow-violence enacted on residents by lengthy programs. Drawing on recent EU-funded research on Woodberry Down (Hackney), we highlight similar negative effects, alongside some positive, ambiguous, and novel outcomes. We discuss these mixed findings within two emerging trends: a new turn to criticizing “antigentrification” work on estate regeneration; and a housing policy turn back to promoting council homes and the refurbishment of council estates. We conclude that it is premature to evict “antigentrification” perspectives in the longue durée of estate regeneration in London, even in the case of Woodberry Down, which has had some significant community won victories. We also reveal new complicating factors in this “gentrification story”—“Guppies” and precarious private renters who are not the wealthy, professional gentrifiers of earlier new-build gentrification literatures.
Mayors Unchecked: Vertical and Horizontal Dimensions of Local Autonomy in Latin American Municipalities
Authors: Došek Tomáš , Eaton Kent
Published: July 2024

In this paper, we argue that, relative to chief executives at higher levels of government, mayors in Latin America often operate with fewer outside checks on their scope of action, with problematic consequences for democracy. To make this argument, we examine a number of factors that can render mayors especially powerful and autonomous as political actors, and distinguish between the vertical (inter-governmental) and horizontal (inter-branch) dimensions of their autonomy. Vertically, we show that mayors have more institutional leeway than governors given the absence of the mechanism of interventions from the national government that could check their power. Horizontally, we identify a number of institutional and noninstitutional advantages that can enable mayors to exercise predominance vis-à-vis municipal legislative bodies and other actors in the local political landscape. To support our argument, we provide evidence gathered from fieldwork in six municipalities in three different countries (Chile, Paraguay, and Peru).