bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Gliomas masks: a series of cases
Authors:   Diomid Gherman Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Republic of Moldova, Grosu Oxana , Oloeri Mihail ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Nacu Gabriela ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova
Published: February 2022

Gliomas are primary brain tumors originating from glial cells. Cases are described when the first symptoms of a glioma are masked by other pathologies, such as strokes, demyelinating pathologies, encephalitis, or trauma. These are the “masks” of gliomas. The relationship between gliomas and their masks is multilateral and contradictory. The aim of the research was to analyze cases of divergence from clinical diagnosis to an autopsy when glial tumors were not identified because they were masked by other pathologies. Material and method: All necropsy records of patients treated in the Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery from 2017 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. 17 cases of divergence were identified and analyzed. Results: The mean age of the analyzed subjects was 59.1176 ± 14.33 years, they were treated on average 23.8 ± 23.5 days and were hospitalized on average 2.05 ± 1.29 times. Of which 70.6% women and 29.4% men and 41.2% underwent neurosurgery. The clinical picture included cognitive signs (23.5%), headache (41.2%), speech problems (23.5%), bulbar syndrome (35.3%), pain (5.9%), fever (41.2%). History of ischemic stroke - 17.6%. All were scanned but just 41.2% had MRI, only 23.5% suspected tumor. Morpho pathological examination showed that 58.8% were grade IV gliomas and were accompanied by ischemic lesions (11.8%), hemorrhagic (29.8%), and infection (50%) outbreaks. Conclusion: Retrospective analysis of necropsy results for 2017-2019 demonstrated the presence of a set of patients in whom cerebral gliomas were difficult to identify and were confused with strokes or other diseases. Additional measures are needed to identify atypical cases and to identify masks.
Epidemiological indicators of tuberculosis in Chisinau and particularities of diagnosed with tuberculosis patients
Authors:   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Popa Vasile , Paladi Carmina ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Stanceva Marina ,   Municipal Clinical Hospital of Phthisiopulmonology, Republic of Moldova, Malic Alina ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Lesnic Evelina ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova
Published: February 2022

The study had the aim to identify the clinical and microbiological peculiarities of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis. Material and methods: an analytical and retrospective study, which included 380 new cases of tuberculosis diagnosed in 2020 was performed. Results: the particularities of the patients were male sex, age between 25 and 44 years, low socio-economic status, tuberculous contact and co-morbidities. Microscopic positive were 17.4%, GeneXpert MTB/Rif positive - 21.6%, RR/MDR TB was confirmed in 33 (8.7%) cases. Successfully completed the treatment 71.1%, 12.1% died and other low were in 10.8%. We conclude that although the epidemiological indicators have decreased, the particularities of the patients confirm the severity of the epidemiological situation in Chisinau.
Differential diagnosis of dementia in idiopathic normotensive hydrocephalus
Authors:   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Fala Paula , Gavriliuc Pavel ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Andronachi Victor ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Andrusca Alexandru ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Gavriliuc Olga ,   Diomid Gherman Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Republic of Moldova
Published: February 2022

Idiopathic normotensive hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a disease that affects the elderly, characterized by the classic triad of gait apraxia, urinary incontinence, and minor cognitive impairment or dementia, and cerebral imaging scans show the presence of ventriculomegaly and normal fluid pressure in the fluid c normal puncture. This disease must be in the list of differentiated diagnosis of patients presenting with the above manifestations. If the diagnosis of iNPH is confirmed, it should be treated at an early stage.
Pain after stroke - mechanisms, clinical manifestations and rehabilitation interventions
Authors:   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Melnic Adrian , Plesca Svetlana ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Pascal Oleg ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Bilan Anastasia ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Sangheli Marina ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova
Published: February 2022

Introduction. Different painful syndromes and comorbidities can often occur in stroke survivors; thus, pain management remains a strong issue that interferes with the rehabilitation programs and contributes to poor functional outcomes. Painful conditions can be regarded as comorbidities or complications of stroke itself, which makes the rehabilitation more difficult. The aim of the research was to investigate the types and causes of pain after stroke and the possibilities of rehabilitation interventions for pain control. Methods: A multiple directed literature research was conducted using the key words “stroke”, “pain”, “stroke rehabilitation” and “painful comorbidities” in PubMed, Google scholar databases. Results: The most common types of pain associated with stroke to be found were: shoulder pain, complex regional pain syndrome, central post-stroke pain and headache. Usually, musculoskeletal disorders and pain related to spasticity can lead to chronic suffering, and are related to loss of function. In some cases, different causes of pain can overlap in stroke patients. Discussion: Rehabilitation interventions in stroke can be regarded as a solution or an additional treatment to painful syndromes. Physical therapy methods, movement therapy, heat and cold therapies or TENS can serve as therapeutical and rehabilitation options for shoulder pain, pain related to spasticity or musculoskeletal disorders. A multidisciplinary approach that consists of pharmacological and physical treatments is requested in most of the cases. Conclusion: Post-stroke pain is a common clinical feature, but also a very heterogeneous one, with multiple causes and characteristics. Rehabilitation methods bring new insights and can be regarded as additional instruments for pain treatment in stroke survivors.
Pediatric tuberculosis in relation to the immune system
Authors:   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Kulcitchi Stela , Iavorschi Constantin ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Malic Alina ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Selevestru Rodica ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Rotaru-Lungu Corina ,   Institute of Phthisiopneumology "Chiril Draganiuc", Republic of Moldova, Bounegru Anastasia ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova
Published: February 2022

Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) is of primary genesis - it develops as a result of the child’s first contact with a source of contagious infection. In most cases in children the infection remains latent, and under certain conditions evolves into TB disease. The immune status is the decisive factor in this process. In this article we want to analyze the impact of immunocompetence in the response process of the child’s macroorganism to infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Contemporary diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in the elderly
Authors:   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldovaa, Luca Ecaterina , Bodrug Nicolae ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldovaa, Calancea Valentin ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldovaa, Ursu Catalina ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldovaa, Zagorneanu Cezar ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldovaa, Antoci Elmira ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldovaa
Published: February 2022

In order to elucidate the clinical features and diagnostic problems specific to geriatric patients, was studied the international scientific literature, thus establishing the following relevant features (1) Lung diseases, in particular COPD is a complex condition with higher incidence and prevalence in geriatric patients, characterized by high rates of disturbing symptoms, significant risk of cognitive, affective and functional decline, disease progression, frequent use of health care, extremely difficult treatment and increased mortality. (2) Atypical clinical presentation and confusion of comorbidities, limited use of spirometry and lack of clinical suspicion in primary care lead to underdiagnosis of COPD in the elderly population. (3) Spirometry is essential in the diagnostic procedure, but only through harmonization with other appropriate contemporary predictive diagnostic methods such as questionnaires and investigations, can prevent the overdiagnosis caused by normal aging of the lungs. (4) Acute exacerbations and comorbidities can cause diagnostic confusion, poorer therapeutic results, which confirms the need for early, complex diagnosis in order to maintain the sanogenic path of the elderly patient. (5) Clinico-paraclinical, diagnostic and therapeutic features validate the need for multidimensional evaluation and multidisciplinary intervention of geriatric COPD patients.
General notions of epidemiology, etiopathogenesis and treatment in recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis (literature review)
Authors:   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Cernev Daniela , Cabac Vasile ,   Municipal Clinical Hospital "Sfanta Treime", Republic of Moldova
Published: February 2022

Recurrent laryngeal papillomatosis is a benign tumor of the respiratory tract caused by HPV type 6 or 1 infection. It is considered a manageable rather than curable disease due to its high recurrence rates and unpredictable clinical course. The unique molecular characteristics of the virus induce cell proliferation causing airway obstruction. The main symptoms are hoarseness, inspiratory and expiratory screaming, dysphagia. The mechanisms responsible for the variability of clinical course and the persistence of latent HPV infection remain unknown. It is believed that both the adaptive and the innate immune response given by patients with papillomatosis support chronic infection. Patients with laryngeal papillomas are not able to produce an effective HPV-specific T cell response, as shown by an altered CD8 + subgroup and Th1 / Th2 cytokine imbalance with suppression of the Th1 response. There is a genetic association between certain severely disease-type HLA genes and down-regulation of type I HLA genes. Surgical excision, including new methods such as microdebrider and CO2 laser surgery, aims to provide a respiratory tract. and improve the voice, but can also cause serious complications such as airway stenosis. Recent advances in immune system research may provide an improvement in our treatment modalities and prevention strategies in this pathology.
Diagnostic performance of C-reactive protein and D-dimer test in acute varicothrombophlebitis
Authors:   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Bzovii Florin , Casian Dumitru ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Culiuc Vasile ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Gutu Eugen ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova
Published: February 2022

Diagnostic value of C-reactive protein (CRP) and D-dimer test in acute varicothrombophlebitis (VTP) was studied in a cohort of 45 patients; female – 60%, median age – 59 (25-75% IQR 48-64) years. In patients with normal value of CRP the rate of VTP type II-III (Verrel-Steckmeier) was 4% vs 25% – in those with CRP ≥10 mg/L; while the thrombus growth rate was 2 times lower – 2.33 (25-75% IQR 0.74-8.18) cm3/day and 5.74 (25-75% IQR 1.82-15.02) cm3/day, respectively (P=0.07 in both cases). A larger area of skin hyperemia and soft tissue perivenous infiltrate were identified in patients with CRP ≥10 mg/L vs normal values of CRP: 153.2 (25-75% IQR 49.35-248.8) vs 48.4 (25-75% IQR 40.45-85.7) cm2 and 86.25 (25-75% IQR 26.08-131.3) vs 32.35 (25-75% IQR 17.95-52.33) cm2, P=0.05 and 0.06, respectively. The level of D-dimers in types II-III of VTP exceeded the respective index in cases of type I of VTP and isolated thrombosis of varicose tributaries: 876 (25-75% IQR 611-1637) ng/mL vs 395 (25-75% IQR 216-710) ng/mL (p<0.05). Analysis of the ROC curve demonstrated an optimal cut-off value for the exclusion of types II-III of acute VTP equal to 611 ng/mL (sensitivity = 85.7%; specificity = 65.7%). Negative predictive value of the model – 95.8% (95% CI 73.6-98.1).
Management of patients with liver diseases on the waiting list for transplantation: a major impact to the success of liver transplantation
Authors:   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Pirvu Victor , Peltec Angela ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Hotineanu Adrian ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova
Published: February 2022

The results of liver transplantation are excellent, with survival rates of over 90 and 80% at 1 and 5 years, respectively. The success of liver transplantation has led to an increase in the indications for liver transplantation. Generally, priorities are given to cirrhotic patients with a high Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score on the principle of the sickest first and to patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) on the principle of priority points according to the size and number of nodules of HCC. These criteria can lead to a ‘competition’ on the waiting list between the above patients and those who are cirrhotic and have an intermediate MELD score or with life-threatening liver diseases not well described by the MELD score. For this latter group of patients, ‘MELD exception’ points can be arbitrarily given.
Medical and legal aspects of the activities of the Committee on the management of drug-resistant tuberculosis
Authors:   Institute of Phthisiopneumology ", Pisarenco Serghei ,   Chiril Draganiuc",   , Republic of Moldova, David Aliona ,   Institute of Phthisiopneumology "Chiril Draganiuc", Republic of Moldova, Pisarenco Constantin ,   Free International University of Moldova, Martiniuc Constantin ,   Institute of Phthisiopneumology "Chiril Draganiuc", Republic of Moldova, Manea Mihaela ,   Institute of Phthisiopneumology "Chiril Draganiuc", Republic of Moldova, Cula Eugenia ,   Institute of Phthisiopneumology "Chiril Draganiuc", Republic of Moldova
Published: February 2022

Purpose. To highlight the medical and legal aspects of the activities of the Committee on Management (CM) of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB). Materials and methods. Analysis of reports on the work of the CM and regulations governing its activities. Results. TB DR remains a problem in many national health services (NHAs). In recent years, in the Republic of Moldova, its share has been about ¼ among all new cases and ½ among all cases of retreatment. In this regard, CM is an important element in the quality assurance system for TB DR management. In 2020, by decision of the CM, 536 patients were included in the TB DR treatment program. In their structure, new patients accounted for 43.5%, patients with relapse - 25.2%, patients after ineffective treatment - 16.4%, and patients from among those previously lost to follow-up - 14.9%. Decisions on the place and mode of chemotherapy, treatment adjustment and assessment of its effectiveness (ET) were made by the CM based on clinical judgment, taking into account the data of DR testing, the history of previous treatment, the severity and localization of TB etc. The above ensured the management of patients according to the recommendations of the National Clinical Protocol and the WHO Consolidated Guidelines for the Treatment of TB DR. The experience of the NHA accumulated in recent years in the use of information and communication technologies (teleconsultations „doctordoctor” etc.) allowed the NCM in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic to hold meetings online. Conclusion. CM is an important element in the system of quality assurance of TB DR management, which uses modern medical standards and information technologies in its activities, respects the rights and legitimate interests of patients.
Entomological medicines: history and perspectives
Authors:   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Pogonea Ina , Catcov Carolina ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Gutu Ina ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Bacinschi Nicolae ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Ghicavii Victor ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova
Published: February 2022

Insects represent the largest group of animals on Earth, representing 95% of arthropods and 65% of the number of members of the animal kingdom. Currently, their usefulness in the clinic is highly valued, given the fact that they synthesize biochemical compounds with healing properties, such as immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, nephroprotective, antiproliferative, antiviral effects. The including in the traditional treatment of products or bioactive substances extracted from insects can reduce the number of drugs administered or even the treatment period. Imupurin, a biologically active substance extracted from the pupae of Lymantria dispar dispar butterflies, possesses promising capabilities in the treatment of immune system disorders, being a substance that changes the immune status in the opposite direction to its disorder (immunomodulatory effect).
Acute appendicitis in pregnancy – peculiarities of diagnostic and curative management (literature review)
Authors:   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldovaa, Zetu Diana , Gurghis Radu ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldovaa, Malcova Tatiana ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldovaa, Guzun Vasile ,   Municipal Clinical Hospital nr.1, Republic of Moldova, Suman Ala ,   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldovaa
Published: February 2022

Abdominal pain of non-obstetriccauses is not an uncommon event during pregnancy; up to 2% of pregnant women develop an acute abdominal pathology that requires surgical treatment during gravidity, such as acute appendicitis or acute cholecystitis. Discussions on the peculiarities of the clinical presentation, diagnosis and curative management of non-obstetric pathologies in pregnant patients remain relevant. Studies in the field have shown already that surgery during gestation is safe and effective if proper precautions are followed. The consensus of several committees and professional societies is that no pregnant woman should be denied the required surgery because of pregnancy.
Functional and radiological follow-up of patients after SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia (review)
Authors:   Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Republic of Moldova, Rusu Doina
Published: February 2022

Data from the literature demonstrate that three-six months follow-up of patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia reveal the persistence of abnormalities on thoracic CT scans/CXR along with a significant functional impairment on lung function tests. Further studies for evaluation the long-term impact are warranted to assess and clarify the long-term consequences of COVID-19 and to guarantee an appropriate follow-up and treatment for patients recovering from SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia.
Empirical Development of the Best Practices of Coaching and Mentoring for High Performance of Competency-based Education
Authors: Takei Hideki , Anthony Peter , Fountain Elizabeth , Williams Luke
Published: February 2022

Competency-based education (CBE) is different from traditional classroom instruction. For CBE, organizing faculty development programs has been a mandatory requirement for higher education institutions to offer quality CBE. The programs' main goal is to make their faculty members effective coaches or mentors. Faculty development professionals in leading CBE higher education institutions have suggested developing the best coaching and mentoring practices to make faculty development programs more effective. This paper assessed and revised our current best practices to improve our faculty development programs to develop better versions of the best practices.
أثر التعليم على اتجاهات المبحوثين نحو وضع المرأة في المجتمع : دراسة تطبيقية على المجتمع الحضري السعودي
Authors: محمد عثمان الأمين نوري
Published: February 2022

أثر التعليم على اتجاهات المبحوثين نحو وضع المرأة في المجتمع : دراسة تطبيقية على المجتمع الحضري السعودي

Using social survey method, the study has focused on the effects of education on male urbanites' attitudes towards women's status in Saudi Arabia urban communities , as indicators of their future status in the whole society.

It is found that the level of education is positively related to respondents endorsement of the right of the young female not to be forced to marry against her consent, also the right of the wife to participate in taking crucial decisions concerning family affairs -without having right to oppose decisions taken individually by the husband-,the right of equal opportunity with males for higher education.

Moreover, it is found that most of male respondents opposed the employment of females regardless of the level of education.
النور و الظلام في القرآن الكريم
Authors: محمد آدم محمد صديق
Published: February 2022

النور و الظلام في القرآن الكريم

Light has an importance in the life of worshippers, even to all creatures , and life won’t continue without it, and “Alla” , His Highness has named Himself as, “Light”, and described Himself as, ”Light” ,and made the light of His creatures from His light , and He made His Books, “Light” ,His prophet “Light” ,His religion, “light”, His prayer , “light” and He made light in His believers’ hearts, and He made His paradise “light”, and he prohibited “light” from the disbelievers
تطوير الكفايات التعليمية لعضو هيئة التدريس في كليات وادي حضرموت باليمن اعتمادا على التقويم الذاتي و الجهد التكاملي للكلية و عضو هيئة التدريس
Authors: عبد الوهاب زيد المصباحي
Published: February 2022

تطوير الكفايات التعليمية لعضو هيئة التدريس في كليات وادي حضرموت باليمن اعتمادا على التقويم الذاتي و الجهد التكاملي للكلية و عضو هيئة التدريس

The objective of the present study was to prepare a proposal for the development of the instructional capabilities of the members of the lecturing staff of the targeted colleges under the current circumstances, whereby such colleges could be categorized as rural colleges.

The study recommends five core areas for developing the instructional capabilities comprising seventeen capabilities, six development methods, seven procedures to be incorporated in the development activities, and five self-assessment diagnostic methods to help evaluate the instructional performance and conse()uently for development thereof.

The study also makes the following recommendations: - Setting up of vocational development centere in the Hadramout University area and the Ministry of Technical Education and Vocational Training to be responsible for the development of lecturing methodology in their respective colleges.

- Encouragement of scientific research by ؛١٠٨^١ lecturing staff members and Inviting research experts from distinguished universities abroad, adopting programs related to university teaching development, and enabling local research-dedicated staff members to join such universities.

- ؛aring for the Educational Sciences Department of the College of Education, and having it charged with enhancing the development activities of lecturing in the subject.

- ^ordination wth nters and universities offering sessions through remote education system in educational intercommunication and instructional methods; and attaching staff members of the concerned colleges to such programs.

Hadramout University to provide different documents and models used by brotherly and friendly universities in the field of instructional performance development and self-assessment, evaluation of students' academic attainments, models used tor academic development, accomplishment of upgraded ،quality in general, and provide staff members with accessibility thereto
الثقافة الغذائية و علاقتها بالسلوك الغذائي عند مرضى السكري بولاية الخرطوم
Authors: هدي محمد العبيد
Published: February 2022

الثقافة الغذائية و علاقتها بالسلوك الغذائي عند مرضى السكري بولاية الخرطوم

The study aimed at knowing the following 1- The relationship between nutritional education and nutritional behaviour of diabetics in Khartoum State.

2- The relationship between education and nutritional behaviour in Diabetic in Khartoum state.

3- The relationship between culture and nutritional behaviour and complications in Diabetic in Khartoum state.

The study was carried on a sample of diabetic patients who report at Alwaha Diabetic Center.

The size of the sample was (40) patients.

Then the data of this research was collected by using a questionnaire which was filled by the researcher by personal interview with the patients.

The SPSS programme was used to enter the data and analyzing it statistically.

The study has shown that there is a significant relationship between education and nutritional behaviour in diabetes in Khartoum State.

The study revealed a significant relationship between nutritional education and nutritional behaviour and prevention of serious complication in diabetes patients.

The study included the interpretation of the findings concluded with the most important recommendations
Assessment of conceptual and taxonomic aspects of the Scelionidae Family (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)
Authors: Carlos Henrique Marchiori
Published: February 2022

Biology of Scelionidae Scelionid wasps are idiobiont endoparasitoids of spider eggs, mainly araneids and teridids, and of insects odonates, orthopterans, mantles, embypterans, hemipterans, neuropterans, coleopterans, dipterans and lepidopterans. Its females have an ovipositor that acts as a hypodermic needle, allowing it to pierce the chorion of the host's egg and lay eggs. The parasitoid larvae consume the host's tissues and thrusts within it, with one adult emerging in solitary species or several adults in gregarious species. The objective of this mini review is to understand the biology, ecology, habitat, geographical distribution, taxonomy, life cycle and phenology of the Scelionidae Family. In this study, quantitative and conceptual aspects were used. To this end, a bibliographic survey of Scelionidae was carried out in the years 1982 to 2021. Only complete articles published in scientific journals and expanded abstracts presented at national and international scientific events, Doctoral Thesis and Master's Dissertation were considered. Data were also obtained from platforms such as: Academia.edu, Frontiers, Qeios, Pubmed, Biological Abstract, Publons, Dialnet, World, Wide Science, Springer, RefSeek, Microsoft Academic, Science and ERIC.
“Crist spak hymself ful brode in hooly writ”: Chaucer, Divine Speech, and the Silent Word
Authors: Greene Darragh
Published: February 2022

Chaucer eschews the representation of divine speech almost completely throughout his works until the Parson's Tale. In this article, I explore Chaucer's limitation of the locutionary range of his poetry to the silence of the Word. There are opportunities when divine speech might have been represented. The dream-visions, especially the House of Fame, playfully conjure the possibility that as somnia coelestia they may be forms of divine discourse. Yet, nothing is certain. This epistemic diffidence changes finally when divine speech imbues the Parson's prose anti-tale with salvific promise, as God speaks beyond the vagaries of fiction and fable. In sight of pilgrimage's end, the Parson's Tale affirms that if one hears and follows the sermo humilis of Christ's message, expressed “ful brode” in the humble vernacular, then the reward will be eternal beatific relationship to God. The Retraction implies that this, perhaps, is the poet's sincere religious position.
Restless Rewritings: The Politics of Enigma and Exposure in the Squire's Tale
Authors: Bower Hannah Louise
Published: February 2022

This article explores representations of political spectacle in Chaucer's Squire's Tale. Unlike previous studies, it focuses on the relationship between spectacle as an embodied and enacted event and spectacle as an event translated into, and rewritten in, a commemorative poetic narrative. Placing Chaucer's Squire's Tale in conversation with Richard Maidstone's Concordia, I argue that both poems reflect self-consciously on the risks and opportunities of that process of translation. On the one hand, both texts suggest that narrative commemorations enable writers to edit and rewrite embodied sovereign performances, preserving or generating wonder, enigma, and authority; the awkwardness or exposed workings of human-engineered spectacles can be effaced. On the other hand, this process of reframing is itself problematically conspicuous and man-made. The attempt to preserve enigmatic authority—and the static cognitive state of amazement attending it—ultimately points back towards exposure and the restless cognitive motion of rewriting and reseeing.
Macroeconomic Performance, Exchange Rate Dynamics, and Short-Run Policies in Burundi
Authors: Nganou Jean-Pascal , Nyanzi Sulaiman
Published: February 2022

This article analyzes the link between economic performance and macroeconomic policy in Burundi based on data up to 2016. The results show that short-run policies in Burundi tend to dent macroeconomic performance in two folds. First, the Burundi Franc has been overvalued for the most part of the recent decade with a damaging effect on long-run growth. Secondly, fiscal policy tends to be procyclical while the fear of free-falling of the currency changes the usually countercyclical monetary policy with negative effects of long-run growth as well as increasing output volatility. We recommend more flexibility for the currency to ameliorate the overvaluation of the Burundi franc combined with other institutional reforms to curtail fiscal dominance and create space for countercyclical fiscal and monetary policies.
Comity at the Crossroads: How Friendships between Moravian and Native Women Sustained the Moravian Mission at Shamokin, 1745–1755
Authors: Richwine Lindsay
Published: February 2022

From 1745 to 1755 Moravian missionaries maintained a presence in the Indian town of Shamokin, both pursuing their desire to minister to its inhabitants and fulfilling a request by the Oneida chief Shikellamy to operate a blacksmith shop serving the needs of the Iroquois. Though the exchange of goods and services at the smithy contributed to the civil relations between the Moravians and the Indigenous inhabitants, a close reading of the Shamokin Mission Diary reveals that it was the friendships forged between Native and Moravian women in the early years of the mission that integrated the Moravians into the community at Shamokin and won them friends. As an examination of the relationships and impact of the women present at Shamokin in this period, this article situates itself within existing research on Moravian missionary activity and gender relations in colonial Pennsylvania.
Assaults of Laughter
Authors: Lee Judith Yaross
Published: February 2022

Attacks on Sony Pictures Entertainment and Charlie Hebdo at the end of 2014 and the start of 2015 called the world's attention to the basic premise of this journal: comic arts matter as cultural products, and of all genres of comic art satire may matter most. But the important public topics of press freedom, attackers' motives, and responses to terrorism should not deflect humor scholars from urgent questions of our own: is satire funny? why should satire not prompt offense, even outrage? and why do visual media such as film, but especially cartoons, draw so much ire?
In Conversation with Enola Holmes: Neo-Victorian Girlhood, Adaptation, and Direct Address
Authors: Temple Erin
Published: February 2022

Netflix’s Enola Holmes (2020) adapts Nancy Springer’s young adult novels by the same name for a new generation of viewers, using the affordances of film to engage varied source material and generic conventions. The film replicates often-used tropes and themes of both Neo-Victorian narratives and young adult literature and media—most notably, girl empowerment in a restrictive society. At the same time, Enola Holmes also challenges the notion of a bad or absent mother figure in children’s literature, complicating the character of Eudoria Holmes from Springer’s novels. While issues of adaptation are most obvious with regard to the Sherlock Holmes canon and Springer novels, Enola Holmes also employs Jane Eyre as an intertext, between shared characteristics in the plot and characterization as well as the use of direct address to speak to the viewer. With a familiar message promoting girl power and social activism, the rhetorical move made by Enola’s direct address invites the viewer to participate in the narrative.
“One of her delusions”: Maternity, Selfhood, and Voice inMr. Rochester
Authors: Sferra Emily
Published: February 2022

Sarah Shoemaker’s Mr. Rochester, a recent adaptation of Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre, disputes understandings of women’s selfhood as promoted by Jane Eyre and Jean Rhys’s Wide Sargasso Sea. By attributing the cause of Bertha Mason’s mental illness to disrupted maternity and not allowing her to articulate her loss fully to a compassionate listener, Shoemaker’s adaptation upholds the Victorian gender ideals which Brontë’s novel challenges and ignores the efforts of Wide Sargasso Sea to allow Bertha a voice. The positive reception of Mr. Rochester among readers signals that the politics of a source text may matter less than characters and plot to readers and writers of neo-Victorian adaptations. To understand how and why the reading public values Victorian novels today, scholars must critically examine adaptations and their fidelity to their source texts.
Adapting Jane Eyre for the Celebrity Book Club
Authors: Cameron Lauren
Published: February 2022

Eleanor Oliphant Is Completely Fine (2017), the debut novel by Scottish writer Gail Honeyman, represents an ingenious adaptation of Jane Eyre that appeals strongly to modern book clubs. Eleanor Oliphant’s intertextual approach is not a straightforward translation of the events of Charlotte Brontë’s novel but rather a thoughtful transformation of its themes and characters. Moreover, the allusions to Jane Eyre are interwoven so thoroughly throughout Eleanor Oliphant that a reader with any degree of familiarity with Brontë’s novel will notice them and be able to comment on them. Eleanor Oliphant was the flagship selection for Reese Witherspoon’s enormously popular book club, “Reese’s Book Club,” which depends on social media to promote her selections, including Goodreads, an Amazon-owned book review platform. These social media platforms’ rating scales and digestible blurbs, as well as the imprimatur of a well-liked celebrity, provide the opportunity to choose middlebrow books quickly that the reading community will enjoy discussing with their friends. Eleanor Oliphant’s success provides a compelling model for authors looking to reimagine classic literature for modern audiences in addition to scholars looking to understand the appeal of popular fiction in our technologically oriented society.
“It churns in the air, and fills the lungs”: The Porous, Toxic, Ephemeral Watery Body
Authors: Krzeminski Jessica
Published: February 2022

The mermaid is at once a figure for the hybridity of bodies and, ultimately, for the hybridity of time. In bringing the Victorian mermaid into our contemporary moment with The Mermaid and Mrs. Hancock (2018), Imogen Hermes Gowar revisits Victorian questions about the individuality and boundedness of the human body that are even more pressing when environmental catastrophes are revealing our interconnectedness on both spatial and temporal scales. Pairing Gowar’s novel with Edith Nesbit’s Wet Magic (1913) illustrates that Victorian worries about national character and national superiority that arose because of new theories of evolution and geology, as well as the expansion of empire, are reenvisioned in today’s global world through the unequal effects of environmental harm.
Toward a Wesleyan-Holiness Theology of Revival
Authors: Bounds Christopher T.
Published: February 2022

This article is an exercise in fides quaerens intellectum about revival in the Wesleyan-Holiness tradition. It examines accounts of revival by early British and American Methodists—John Wesley, Francis Asbury, and Luther Lee—and identifies the common elements of their descriptions. It then seeks to provide a theological understanding of these revivals by drawing upon distinctive ideas from Wesleyan historical and systematic theologians: divine omnipresence, free grace, divine holiness and love, and the means of grace. Finally, it offers a theological definition of revival from a Wesleyan-Holiness perspective and briefly explores implications for today.
A telemedicina como ferramenta de continuidade de cuidados em saúde às pessoas privadas de liberdade vivendo com vírus da imunodeficiência humana/aids em período de pandemia: relato de experiência
Authors: Arze Wilma Nancy Campos , Costa Marta Cossetin , Campos Adriel Chihyun Chung
Published: February 2022

Introdução: O contexto de pandemia de COVID-19 representou um entrave à manutenção dos cuidados em saúde, inclusive das crônicas infecciosas, tais como o vírus da imunodeficiência humana/aids, especialmente a população em privação de liberdade, que agrega as limitações inerentes ao isolamento social e a necessidade de transporte e escolta para o deslocamento ao serviço especializado. Nesse contexto, a telemedicina se configura como ferramenta de continuidade da assistência, permitindo a superação das barreiras geográficas e físicas e mantendo a segurança do usuário. Objetivo: Relatar a experiência de atendimento médico mediado por tecnologias de informação e comunicação às pessoas privadas de liberdade vivendo com vírus da imunodeficiência humana/aids de duas unidades penais do extremo oeste paranaense no período de julho de 2020 a março de 2021. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência. Resultados: Foram realizados atendimentos médicos de acompanhamento mediado por tecnologias de informação e comunicação a 16 pessoas privadas de liberdade vivendo com vírus da imunodeficiência humana/aids em duas unidades penais da região do extremo oeste paranaense. O processo iniciou-se com a realização de exames de rotina e de acompanhamento de CD4 e carga viral e acolhimento das pessoas privadas de liberdade pelo profissional enfermeiro. A teleconsulta utilizou-se da plataforma Mymedi e constituiu-se de ação multiprofissional (médico e enfermeiro). Os usuários mostraram-se receptivos e participativos, obtendo-se, no período de acompanhamento, manutenção das cargas virais indetectáveis em 93,75% dessa população e nenhuma demanda de remoção para atendimento externo e/ou internação hospitalar. Conclusão: O atendimento médico mediado por tecnologias de informação e comunicação constituiu-se de mais uma ferramenta na busca da garantia do direito de cuidado em saúde às pessoas privadas de liberdade, permitindo superar as barreiras físicas especialmente impostas pela pandemia de COVID-19, diminuir o tempo de espera para a consulta médica e dispensar as escoltas externas a unidade penal, repercutindo em maior segurança às pessoas privadas de liberdade e às equipes de segurança.
Situação vacinal contra hepatite B e imunogenicidade de profissionais de saúde da atenção primária
Authors: Oliveira Vanessa Moura Carvalho de , Gomes Cecília Natielly da Silva , Carvalho Matheus Sousa Marques , Silva Emanoelle Fernandes , Silva Alice da , Galvão Marli Teresinha Gimeniz , Magalhães Rosilane de Lima Brito
Published: February 2022

Introdução: A hepatite B é considerada um problema de saúde pública. Os profissionais da saúde têm maior exposição ao risco de contágio pelo vírus da hepatite B em razão da realização de procedimentos invasivos. A vacina é a principal medida de prevenção contra o hepatite B. Objetivo: Avaliar a situação vacinal contra hepatite B e a imunogenicidade de profissionais de saúde da atenção primária. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com profissionais de saúde da atenção primária no município de Teresina (PI), na região Nordeste do Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu no ano de 2020 mediante a aplicação de um formulário estruturado (via Google Docs). Foram incluídos profissional da saúde com efetivo trabalho na Estratégia Saúde da Família com tempo de 8.805,6 meses, justificando-se pelo período mínimo para completude vacinal contra hepatite B. Foram calculadas as prevalências e razões de prevalência ajustadas para os fatores associados à realização do anti-HBs e intervalos de 95% de confiança. O teste de cálculo das prevalências foi feito pelo qui-quadrado de Wald. O estudo seguiu as determinações de Ética com seres humanos, vigentes no Brasil, com números de parecer 4.218.806 e 4.035.652. Resultados: Foram incluídos 42 profissionais da saúde. A maioria eram enfermeiros 26 (60,5%), quatro (11,6%) eram médicos, seis (14,0%) auxiliares e/ou técnicos de enfermagem e seis (14,0%) cirurgiões-dentistas. Do total de entrevistados, 40 (95,2%) referiram possuir cartão de vacina, sendo todos vacinados contra a hepatite B, com esquema de três doses 39 (92,9%). Entre eles, 30 (71,4%) fizeram o exame que comprova a imunidade vacinal. Foram estatisticamente associados à realização do exame anti-HBs: ser do sexo feminino (valor p: 0,001), ser de cor branca (valor p: 0,039) e possuir cartão de vacina (valor p: 0,001). Conclusão: Os profissionais de saúde da atenção primária deste estudo tinham alta cobertura vacinal contra hepatite B porém baixo índice de avaliação da resposta vacinal.
Sobrevida de pessoas vivendo com vírus da imunodeficiência humana/aids na região dos Campos Gerais, Paraná, 2008-2018
Authors: Zuber Jean Fernando Sandeski , Muller Erildo Vicente , Borges Pollyana Kassia Oliveira , Zuber Evelise Amorim Sandeski
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar, em residentes da região dos Campos Gerais, no Paraná, o tempo de sobrevida de pessoas diagnosticadas com a infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência humana e pessoas que morreram com causa básica relacionada ao vírus e a aids, associados ou não à utilização da terapia antirretroviral, no período de 2008 a 2018. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo de coorte retrospectivo, de caráter exploratório e documental. Resultados: A coorte foi composta de 737 pessoas; dessas, verificou-se que 59,3% eram do sexo masculino, 77,6% de raça e/ou cor da pele branca e 58,6% com ensino fundamental. A sobrevida média da coorte foi de 8,8 anos, sendo no sexo feminino de 10,2 anos e no masculino de 7,9 anos. Crianças de até 10 anos obtiveram 8,2 anos, já aqueles com 11 a 20 anos apresentaram média de 14,3 anos, enquanto adultos de 41 a 60 anos e acima de 60 anos registraram sobrevida de 6,2 e 5,0 anos, respectivamente. Analfabetos sobreviveram 7,1 anos, e aqueles com ensino médio ou superior apresentaram sobrevida de 10,2 e 10,8 respectivamente. Pessoas sem uso de antirretrovirais registraram sobrevivência média de 4,7 anos. Na avaliação do risco relativo para o óbito, homens registraram risco relativo 1,22, pretos e pardos RR 1,18, e aqueles diagnosticados até 31 de dezembro de 2013 (antes do tratamento para todos) risco relativo 1,58. Apesar das disparidades entres os subgrupos avaliados, a terapia antirretroviral apresenta impacto significativo na morbimortalidade quando o tratamento é instituído de forma precoce. Conclusão: Pesquisas com o objetivo de estudar a sobrevida de pessoas vivendo com o vírus da imunodeficiência humana são de fundamental importância, pois possibilitam monitorar os desiquilíbrios na assistência em saúde, tratamento e cuidados, subsidiando ainda o reconhecimento de indicadores que favoreçam a construção de intervenções específicas, os quais, por sua vez, resultariam em uma melhor qualidade e expectativa de vida.
Sífilis na gestação: um estudo retrospectivo transversal na região do Médio Paraíba do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Eurico Bruno Scrobatz , Oliveira Júnior Reynaldo de Jesus , Rodrigues Consuelo das Neves Lacerda , Freitas Elidivalda Santos de Lima de , Novaes Adriana Gomes , Ribeiro Luiz Henrique dos Santos , Honório Aryanne Karla Paulino Magalhães
Published: February 2022

Introdução: O cenário da sífilis na atualidade constitui-se como importante doença de interesse para saúde pública. Vivenciamos um aumento constante de casos, sobretudo com identificação no pré-natal. A sífilis na gestação pode ser responsável por interrupção do ciclo gravídico, bem como acarretar sequelas permanentes ao concepto. Assim, este estudo se justifica pela relevância de entender o perfil da doença nessa região. Objetivo: Apresentar o perfil da sífilis na gestação na região do Médio Paraíba do estado do Rio de Janeiro, identificar os determinantes de saúde que devem ser trabalhados para a redução desse evento. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo transversal que utilizou a base de dados do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação referente aos casos notificados de sífilis na gestação. Resultados: A identificação dos casos em gestante, em sua maioria, ocorre entre o primeiro e segundo trimestre de gestação (72,49%), com maior identificação no primeiro trimestre (36,56%). A sífilis primária é a mais notificada no estudo, responsável por 29,93% dos casos, porém há um déficit na informação, pois 42,81% dessa variável é ignorada. O tratamento também é um dado mal informado; apenas 4,37% deles estão registrados com o esquema habitual, 61,73% estão ignorados. Referente à caracterização da população, 55,24% estão entre 20 e 29 anos e 27,74% entre 15 e 19 anos. Quanto à escolaridade, 22,31% são gestantes com ensino fundamental incompleto, 14,68% compõem as gestantes com ensino médio incompleto e apenas 13,82% possuem ensino médio completo. Esse dado também é muito prejudicado pelo alto índice de ignorado (40,85%). Em raça e cor, há predominância em afrodescendentes (67,29%), seguidos de 29,68% de brancos. Conclusão: Observa-se que, na região, há necessidade de investir na qualidade das notificações para reduzir os dados ignorados. Ademais é evidente a eficiência na captação precoce da sífilis no pré-natal e observa-se maior incidência de sífilis primária.