bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Observed climatic extremes and their sectoral ramifications: A case study in Central Nepal
Authors: Timalsina Haribansha , Pandit Aayush , Ghimire Abishek , Neupane Sajan , Awal Malika , Shrestha Mani , Bhattarai Pawan Kumar , Bhattarai Rabin , Pandey Vishnu Prasad
Published: August 2023

Climatic variability and extremes have been a global concern in recent decades, and the regions in the Himalayas are highly vulnerable to climate change impacts. The objective of this study is to analyze the historical trend in precipitation, temperature, and evapotranspiration and 14 relevant extreme indices during 1980-2017 in the Narayani River Basin in Central Nepal, with their implication in some major climate-sensitive sectors defined by the National Adaptation Plan, Government of Nepal. The trends were analyzed using the Modified Mann-Kendall test. Trend analysis of climatic variables showed significant decreasing annual precipitation, increasing annual maximum and minimum temperature, and decreasing evapotranspiration for most stations. Extremes analysis showed a significant increasing trend in both precipitation and temperature extremes during the study period of 1980-2017. The spatial study showed increasing consecutive dry days in almost all stations, with consecutive wet days and total precipitation increasing in western hills. Temperature-related extremes like TX90p (warm days), TN90p (warm nights), and WSDI (Warm Spell Duration Index) showed increasing trends, most of which were statistically significant. Some of the extremes were found to have both positive and negative implications in short- and long-term agriculture and food security. However, the compounding effects of these extreme indices have detrimental effects on water resources, energy, biodiversity,and climate-induced disasters, which necessitate a further assessment of their study to minimize their impacts.
Socioeconomic factors and their influence on suicide rate: a multiple regression case study in Washington
Authors: Wu Zixuan , Zhang Yueqian
Published: August 2023

Washington State's suicide rate is 11% higher than the national average, making it one of the top 10 states with the highest suicide rates in the U.S.. Although efforts have been made to address behavioral factors that contribute to suicide risk, little attention has been given to the impact of socioeconomic factors on the mental health of Washington residents. The purpose of the research is to investigate the relationship between socioeconomic status and suicide rates in Washington State. The results of the study can help guide policymakers and healthcare professionals in developing intervention strategies to reduce suicide risk. The suicide rate among Washington residents from 2011-2020 was provided by the 57 vital statistics jurisdictions participating in the Vital Statistics Cooperative Program. Three indicators, including poverty rate, lower than high school graduate rate, and unemployment rate, were chosen to explore the relationship between socioeconomic factors and suicide rate. The data from 57 jurisdictions were analyzed using R, with F tests and multiple linear regressions employed. The multiple R-squared value was 0.7648, indicating that 76.48% of the variation can be explained by the independent variables. These results suggest that poverty and employment rates have a significant positive relationship with suicide rate. However, the relationship between lower educational attainment and suicide rate was not statistically significant. Addressing the issue of rising suicide rates requires a collaborative effort between healthcare officials and policymakers. Policymakers should prioritize promoting job opportunities and providing educational resources to alleviate financial stress and increase access to mental healthcare.
Alternative approach to obtain the derivative of the right stretch tensor with respect to the deformation gradient
Authors: Vasconcellos Daniel Boy , Greco Marcelo
Published: August 2023

A novel expression of the derivative of the right stretch tensor with respect to the deformation gradient is obtained by an alternative approach, which does not use the spectral/single-value decomposition of tensors involved.
Who follows the doctors’ advice and why? Social cognitive predictors of effectiveness of a brief intervention promoting influenza vaccination among elderly people
Authors: Raude Jocelyn
Published: August 2023

Improving the public adherence to medical recommendations is critical to address the suboptimal influenza vaccination coverage among high-risk groups. This study sought to identify the social cognitive predictors of influenza vaccination uptake among elderly people, and the moderators of a brief multifaceted intervention at hospital, including a vaccination promotion interview, letters, and automatic reminders (SMS), through a parallel group randomized trial conducted in 18 Hospital Emergency departments in France and Monaco (N=1,475). The potential predictors of influenza vaccination were measured through a self-administrated questionnaire based on the leading social cognitive models of health behaviors. Follow-up phone interviews were conducted 6 month later to evaluate the effect of these variables on influenza vaccination among the participants. Controlling for clustering effects, we found that the influenza vaccine uptake varied principally as a function of the patients’ past behaviors and, to a lesser extent, to the perceived barriers to vaccination. In addition, providing recommendations through doctors interviews and letters, then sending SMS-based reminders significantly increased the overall influenza vaccine coverage among participants (AOR = 2.56, [95% CI = 1.05-6.24]). However, this brief intervention had only a significant effect on those who had a repeated history of influenza vaccination (AOR = 3.86 [95% CI = 1.59-9.41]). Our results suggest that the overall positive effects of such brief interventions on vaccination behaviors are mostly due to their capacity to prevent the risk of relapse in the least hesitant patients.
New Inherent Characteristics of Mechanical Shocks
Authors: Montazeri Saeed
Published: August 2023

Our observations in nature indicate that mechanical shocks have the capability to rapidly transfer a considerable amount of energy to a system. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how the rate of energy transferred to a system of particlescan affecttheseverityof acceleration ofparticles. It is proved that such a relationship can be established only through a mathematical inequality. Obviously, the presented results contribute to our understanding of mechanical shocks. In the initial stage, two novel quantities that indicate new characteristics of mechanical shocks are derived from the established theorem. Finally, two numerical examples are provided.
Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Berdasarkan Efikasi Diri Matematis Melalui Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Snowball-throwing
Authors: Setiadi Iwan
Published: August 2023

Mathematical self-efficacy and the snowball-throwing learning model play a role in student learning success. Mathematical self-efficacy is a student's perception of mathematical abilities. The study aimed to analyze students' critical thinking skills based on mathematical self-efficacy through the application of the snowball-throwing learning model to material composition functions. The research method uses a qualitative with the type of case study research. The number of respondents consisted of three students representing high, medium, and low mathematical self-efficacy categories. The research instrument used tests of critical thinking skills, questionnaires, and interviews. The data analysis technique uses three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion the data. The results of the study were obtained as follows: 1) Students who have high mathematical self-efficacy have high critical thinking skills with all indicators of critical thinking skills fulfilled, 2) Students who have moderate mathematical self-efficacy have critical thinking skills with only one indicator fulfilled, and 3) Students who have low mathematical self-efficacy do not have all indicators of critical thinking skills. Learning the composition function using the snowball-throwing learning model is appropriate when used for students who have a high level of mathematical self-efficacy to train students' critical thinking skills.
Competence to confidence a ritual of strengths
Authors: Rooker Eric
Published: August 2023

Veterinarians will face continuous challenges throughout their careers. Despite thousands of hours of professional training and experience, challenges will arise. In veterinary medicine these challenges range from diagnostic mysteries to complex business decisions. Inevitability, these events will result in fail­ure to some degree. How the professional processes these chal­lenges, confidence wise, will determine the level of competence they are able to apply to future problems and their career.

Professional athletes represent a similar model of trained and challenged professionals who can help veterinary profession­als understand how to ease recovery and accelerate growth through a challenge. Athletes’ use of regular rituals in training, preparation and recovery are an example of what veterinary professionals should seek to mimic. These rituals avoid ac­cumulations of physiologic and psychologic stress; protecting the athlete’s confidence in their own competence. This results in less stress on the individual, more motivation, and a higher degree of flourishing at their craft. Using the science of saluto­genesis, we propose a “Ritual of Strengths” or an interventional model based upon providing the practitioner the skills neces­sary to respond in a near perfect way to these challenges; build­ing confidence in their own competence. This model will allow high performing veterinary professionals to feel prepared for any challenge they come across.
How to develop a win-win-win-win business model
Authors: Hilton W. Mark
Published: August 2023

How many of you want to have a win-win-win-win veterinary business? This is a win for the animals in your care, your pro­ducers, your veterinary business and you personally.

How many of you are experts in every aspect of beef production – health, grazing management, nutrition consultation, etc.?

I am going to present what I think are 12 pillars of developing this attainable win-win-win-win veterinary business.
Management of umbilical diseases
Authors: Mulon Pierre-Yves
Published: August 2023

Umbilical infections are the most under-diagnosed pathology in young calves.1 Infection of the umbilicus can have signifi­cant effects on the calves’ development and mortality rate. Early detection of umbilical infection is important to avoid its progression of the infection deeper in the umbilical remnants. Once infection is established, the treatment necessitates either drainage or en-bloc removal of the umbilical structures. This presentation focuses on the surgical treatment of severe um­bilical infections, their clinical presentations, the different sur­gical techniques and their associated outcomes, as well as the possible post-operative complications.
Cattle prolapse management
Authors: Dorn Corale M.
Published: August 2023

There are already numerous journal articles and sections in books that describe the various forms of prolapses in cattle and the underlying causes and methods of correction. This article starts with essential techniques no matter what type of prolapse is present. This article includes proper epidural place­ment, pain management, topical therapies, suture selection, the timing of correction, and most importantly, the client con­versations that should happen while managing prolapses. After that review, there will be a section for each of the most com­mon types of bovine prolapses that will include the risk factors to look for during the initial exam, the technique for correction, additional medications warranted, and the proper follow-up care and client communication.
Beef’s big bottleneck: Chute safety and efficiency
Authors: Rooney Barnhardt Tera
Published: August 2023

The bottleneck of a production system is the area of work that receives too many requests for work than can be processed at its maximum throughput capacity. An example of a bottleneck on a dairy is the milking parlor. The farm can only milk as many cows as the parlor can throughput. Within the milking parlor, there may be smaller bottlenecks that exist and can be addressed through cattle handling, personnel training or facility remodel to remedy the bottlenecks and maximize the efficiency of the milking parlor. On a beef operation, whether it be a beef feedlot, growyard or cow-calf operation, the bottleneck for many is the processing chute. Identifying and exploring the main challenges surrounding this bottleneck can help veterinarians to better advise and consult clients. The main challenges this paper will explore include safety for the animal and human safety as well as biosecurity, and efficiency.
Beef cattle implant selection and protocols
Authors: Behlke Eric
Published: August 2023

Growth-promoting implants are a technology that offer beef cattle producers a very large return on investment. However, there are many considerations relative to implanting versus not implanting, selecting the most appropriate implant protocol, and ensuring that implant strategies are compliant with cur­rent regulations.
Data collection and interpretation for cow-calf ranches
Authors: Hilton W. Mark
Published: August 2023

Utilizing herd production records to make decisions can be very helpful when dealing with herd health issues. Records are also valuable when examining herd goals as they are an objective source of information that can uncover areas of opportunity.

Another valuable tool is the ability to benchmark a herd’s re­cords against their herd goals and/or to benchmark production data vs. other similar herds.
Treatment and surgery for management of urolithiasis
Authors: Smith Joe
Published: August 2023

Urolithiasis is a common condition in steers and bulls due to nutritional and anatomical factors. Prevention practices share common aspects as well as aspects specific to certain urolith types. In this presentation we will discuss the underlying fac­tors and preventive measures for urolithiasis in cattle, as well as surgical management. Restraint, sedation, surgical ap­proaches and postoperative considerations will be discussed for both salvage procedures as well as cattle with breeding potential.
Clinical mastitis treatment decisions
Authors: Ruegg Pamela L.
Published: August 2023

Mastitis is the most common bacterial disease of lactating cows1,2 and throughout the world accounts for the majority of antibiotic doses given on dairy farms.3-8 Many of these antibi­otic doses are unnecessary because of high spontaneous cure rates for many intramammary infections (IMI) affecting other­wise healthy cows. Mastitis is recognized based on the extent of the inflammatory response after IMI is established. It is consid­ered “subclinical” when the immune response causes increased somatic cell count (SCC), but the cow remains healthy with no visible changes in the milk or udder. Milk from cows with sub­clinical mastitis can be comingled with milk from healthy cows and sold, thus treatment during lactation is not usually cost ef­fective and most of these cases are treated with antibiotics at dry off. Clinical mastitis occurs when the immune response to IMI results in visually abnormal milk with or without second­ary signs. Fortunately, few cases of clinical mastitis cause sys­temic signs that require immediate therapy, but abnormal milk may not be sold for human consumption, so farmers emphasize interventions (such as antibiotic therapy) that are perceived to hasten the return to normal milk. Non-severe cases of mastitis that present with abnormal milk, or abnormal milk accompa­nied by localized swelling of the udder account for about 85% of all CM cases.9-11 Mastitis caused by many opportunistic bacteri­al pathogens often have high rates of spontaneous bacteriologi­cal clearance, so on many farms, most cases of clinical mastitis occurring in otherwise healthy cows do not benefit from antibi­otic therapy. Treatment protocols for non-severe clinical masti­tis should include an assessment of the immune capabilities of the cow, the likely etiology of the case, a review of the medical history of the cow and an assessment of the probability that she will remain productive long enough to recoup the costs (includ­ing discarded milk) associated with treatment. The purpose of this paper is to review treatment decisions for non-severe clini­cal mastitis, emphasizing evidence-based criteria that indicate when antibiotic therapy is beneficial to the cow.
Mastitis diagnostics: How to get started
Authors: Lefeld Andrew
Published: August 2023

As new graduates, we are all trying to find our “place” in the veterinary world. I will discuss how I found my niche within the practice and have watched it grow over the last several years. For me, it started as a particular interest that expanded to be a good revenue generator for the practice, and a way for me to learn more about dairy practice and help clients with milk quality. I will also discuss considerations for starting your own in-clinic lab, as well as considerations for on-farm culture.
On-farm euthanasia – providing a good death
Authors: Dewell Renee D.
Published: August 2023

Decisions involving compromised cattle include treatment, slaughter or euthanasia. The American Association of Bovine Practitioners (AABP) Guidelines for the Humane Euthanasia of Cattle contain a helpful list of considerations to aid decision making.1 Rather than repeat what you can easily find yourself in the aforementioned guidelines, I will outline some ideas to consider to support euthanasia decisions and make the process go as smoothly as possible.
How to be a boss
Authors: Pop Alexandru M.
Published: August 2023

Today’s veterinary practice environment is shifting aggres­sively toward a workplace where strong leadership and inter­personal skills are critical in maintaining a consistent and ef­fective workforce. Practice ownership for young professionals is also becoming more and more common which brings its own unique challenges. Understanding principles of leadership and building an environment of psychological safety within a prac­tice are two ways today’s practice owner can get ahead of the competition and foster healthy practice culture.
Recovering from mistakes
Authors: Stup Richard E.
Published: August 2023

We all make mistakes. The key is to learn from them and use the experience to make a better plan for future action. This presentation is about managing oneself through making a sig­nificant mistake to recovering one’s self-confidence and the confidence of others. Participants will gain insights into men­tal processes that affect behavior and specific action steps that help to get back on track.
Veterinary telemedicine: Tips for expanding your practice virtually
Authors: Homerosky Elizabeth R. , Ware Tommy
Published: August 2023

Telemedicine services are a means to provide valuable informa­tion in an efficient and economical manner. They can be used to supplement traditional veterinary medicine services for clients with an established VCPR. A variety of commercial platforms are available; however, in most cases the technologies provided by a smart phone are more than adequate. Telemedicine may be implemented into daily practice in the form of triage, diag­nosis, assessing welfare, herd or case monitoring, and virtual consultations. Establishing a standardized fee structure to compensate you for your time and expertise is critical in order to ensure success.
Winning strategies against urolithiasis
Authors: Jones Cook Meredyth
Published: August 2023

Urolithiasis is a multifactorial disease of male ruminants caus­ing significant economic loss and compromise of animal wel­fare. Known risk factors include anatomic factors, urine pH, water intake, dietary composition and genetic factors. Clinical cases of obstructive urolithiasis may be treated using a variety of medical and surgical interventions, including tube cystos­tomy, perineal urethrostomy, urinary bladder marsupialization and modifications of these procedures designed to optimize pa­tient outcome. Preventative measures aimed at the known risk factors include addressing body water balance, mineral compo­sition of the diet and anatomical factors.
Biotech Honours 2023 Techniques course Data
Authors: Prinsloo Earl
Published: August 2023

These datasets were collected from cytotoxicity assays for the Biotechnology Honours class of 2023 at Rhode University.
Financial technology development: Implications for traditional banks in Africa
Authors: Meyer Daniel , Timothy Okoli Tochukwu
Published: August 2023

The speed of financial technology (Fintech) adoption in delivering financial services has raised concerns among researchers on the future of traditional banks, especially as authors believe that Fintech comes with both prospects and problems. This study therefore aims to examine the growth, measurements, and the impact of Fintech on traditional banks in a panel of sixteen African countries for the period 1800–2020. These periods were divided into three phases: the analogue (1800–1967), the digital (1967–2008), and the modern phases (2008–2020). The autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) and descriptive analyses methods were used to investigate the study’s objectives. It found that the analogue era witnessed the birth of Fintech ideas, while the digital era witnessed structural changes within the financial system. Results from the pooled mean group ARDL estimation technique based on the third/modern era reveal that, on average, a unit increase in Fintech adoption significantly reduces bank profitability (ROA) by 12.6%. Hence, although early Fintech adoption poses no threat to bank profitability; however, beyond certain threshold, its continuous adoption reduces profitability. Again, the speed of adjustment at 90.9% per annum is an indication that short-run Fintech disruptive impact/disequilibrium is corrected within one year and one month. The Principal Component Analysis used to generate Fintech index shows that African Fintech’s operation is more susceptible to changes in mobile banking. The study concludes that too much Fintech adoption is unhealthy for traditional banks in Africa and therefore it recommends that Fintech should collaborate with banks to correct for its disruptive impacts.
Preserving stationary discontinuities in two-layer shallow water equations with a novel well-balanced approach
Authors: Akbari Majid , Pirzadeh Bahareh
Published: August 2023

This paper proposes a novel energy-balanced numerical scheme for the two-layer shallow water equations (2LSWEs) that accurately captures internal hydraulic jumps without introducing spurious oscillations. The proposed scheme overcomes the problem of post-shock oscillations in the 2LSWE, a phenomenon commonly observed in numerical solutions of non-linear hyperbolic systems when shock-capturing schemes are used. The approach involves reconstructing the internal momentum equation of 2LSWEs using the correct Hugoniot curve via a set of shock wave fixes originally developed for single-layer shallow water equations. The scheme successfully preserves all stationary solutions, making it highly suitable for simulations of real-life scenarios involving small perturbations of these conditions.
Adsorption of aniline from aqueous solutions onto a nanoporous material adsorbent: isotherms, kinetics, and mass transfer mechanisms
Authors: Ali Nisreen S. , Majdi Hasan Sh. , Albayati Talib M. , Jasim Dheyaa J.
Published: August 2023

MCM-48, which is particulate and nanoporous, was formulated to actively remove aniline (AN) (i.e., benzenamine) from wastewater. MCM-48 was characterized by several methods. It was found that the MCM-48 was highly active in adsorbing aniline from wastewater. The Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms were employed to evaluate the adsorption equilibrium. At 100 and 94 mg g−1, the maximum theoretical and experimental absorption of aniline, respectively, fit with a Type I Langmuir isotherm. The Langmuir model was optimal in comparison to the Freundlich model for the adsorption of AN onto the mesoporous material MCM-48. The results of these kinetics adsorption models were investigated using model kinetics that employed both pseudo-first- and pseudo-second-order models as well as models utilized intraparticle diffusion. The kinetics adsorption models demonstrated that the absorption was rapid and most closely agreed with the pseudo-first-order model. The kinetic studies and the adsorption isotherms revealed the presence of both physical adsorption and chemisorption. The potential adsorption mechanisms include the following: (1) hydrogen bonding, (2) π-π interactions, (3) electrostatic interaction, and (4) hydrophobic interactions. The solution's pH, ionic strength, and ambient temperature also played essential roles in the adsorption.
Synergetic development assessment of transboundary watershed ecological compensation
Authors: Chen Ke , Deng Menghua , Fan Shanshan
Published: August 2023

Ecological compensation (EC) is essential to promote the coordinated and sustainable development of the watershed. Firstly, the synergetic development index system of the watershed EC was proposed, which includes the economic benefits, water conservation, pollution treatment, and environmental supervision. Then, the order degree of subsystems was calculated. Finally, the synergetic development level of the watershed EC was evaluated. Taking the upstream (Ma'anshan) and the downstream (Nanjing) of the Chu River as the case study area, the results showed that: (1) From 2011 to 2020, the synergetic development level between Ma'anshan and Nanjing has showed an upward trend; (2) The synergetic development level of the watershed EC in the Chu River has reached basic synergy in 2020; (3) Ma'anshan concentrates on protecting the water ecological environment while Nanjing concentrates on economic growth and water pollution control will improve the synergy degree. This study can provide references for the optimization of watershed EC mechanism, and to promote watershed coordinated development.
Lanthanum and magnesium activated palygorskite for adsorption of phosphate in piggery wastewater
Authors: Zhang Xulin , Tao Yufang , Mao Yujie , Tian Aodi , Htet Hein Min , Huang He
Published: August 2023

Removing phosphate from wastewater can help alleviate eutrophication. Therefore, in this study, lanthanum and magnesium were loaded onto the thermally modified palygorskite (PAL) using a coprecipitation method, and a composite material was prepared for phosphate recovery. In the pH range of 2–7, the material can effectively adsorb the phosphate. In the kinetic experiment, the material was able to rapidly adsorb phosphate within 4 h of the beginning of the reaction. The adsorption isotherm result of the material was in accordance with Freundlich isotherm model. When pH was 7, the theoretical maximum adsorption capacity was 20.4 mg P/g. When phosphate coexisted with CO32− and HCO3−, the adsorption was significantly inhibited. In the adsorption–desorption experiment, the material can be reused at least five times after elution with 1 mol/L of sodium hydroxide solution. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of the material for total phosphorus in piggery wastewater was 7.25 mg P/g, achieving a total phosphorus removal rate of 95.3%. The characterization of XRD, FT-IR and XPS suggested that phosphate was mainly exchanged with La–OH in the material, forming an amorphous LaPO4 complex.
Retrospektywna i prospektywna rola ekofilozofii
Authors: Tyburski Włodzimierz
Published: August 2023

W katalogu zagadnień podejmowanych w ramach ekofilozofii (określanej także mianem filozofii ekologicznej) szczególnie doniosłe znaczenie przypisać należy dwóm wypełnianym przez nią zadaniom. Pierwsze zadanie (retrospektywne) zmierza do ukazania tego zespołu uwarunkowań kulturowych, światopoglądowych, filozoficznych, które szczególnie w dobie nowożytnej generowały myślenie utylitarne, pozytywistyczno-technokratyczne. Jego praktyczne konsekwencje okazały się bardzo niebezpieczne dla życia na Ziemi. Drugie zadanie (prospektywne) wnosi swój znaczący wkład w dzieło budowania nowego myślenia o relacjach człowieka ze światem przyrody, uświadamia potrzebę lepszego zrozumienia wspólnoty losów obu tych światów, dotyczy działań, mających na celu projektowanie wizji przyszłości i konstruowanie modelu cywilizacji, zorientowanej na potrzeby ekologiczne. Wyniki dociekań ekofilozofii stanowią niekwestionowany wkład w dzieło budowania podstaw najpierw idei ekorozwoju, a obecnie zrównoważonego rozwoju. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiona została charakterystyka obu wspomnianych zadań. Ponadto przedstawiono argumentację uzasadniającą tezy formułowane przez ekofilozofię oraz wypracowane przez nią założenia, znajdujące się u podstaw skonkretyzowanych działań praktycznych na rzecz rozwoju społeczno-gospodarczego, uwzględniającego i respektującego potrzeby i interesy świata przyrodniczego.

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Zgłoszono: 24/11/2022. Zrecenzowano: 06/03/2023. Zaakceptowano do publikacji: 30/03/2023
rizoma e a figura do livro na informação virtual e desmaterializada
Authors: Vignoli Richele Grenge , Monteiro Silvana Drumond , Mello Mariana Rodrigues Gomes de
Published: August 2023

O rizoma é a proposta de um pensamento filosófico aplicado à informação virtual e, ao mesmo tempo, as realidades não contempladas na Ciência da Informação e na Organização do Conhecimento na desmaterialização de seu objeto. a pesquisa visa discutir a informação desmaterializada sob o conceito filosófico do rizoma e seus princípios na Ciência da Informação e na Organização do Conhecimento, assim, como a figura do livro. A discussão é perpetuada em aspectos críticos em que a Ciência da Informação e a Organização do Conhecimento estabelecem limites, traçados, estruturas ou hierarquias em seu modo de tratar, organizar e compartilhar a informação e o conhecimento. A pesquisa tem como procedimentos metodológicos um estudo teórico, bibliográfico, que inter-relaciona aspectos da filosofia da diferença, mais precisamente, o estudo do rizoma de Deleuze e Guattari com a Ciência da Informação e a Organização do Conhecimento. Ao ser contrário à ideia de árvore, o rizoma desponta automaticamente nas relações das árvores do conhecimento utilizadas como base para organizar e representar o conhecimento. Esses modelos representacionais não podem mais organizar o conhecimento e a informação diante a liquefação de suas estruturas no polo virtual. O problema é compreender como a Ciência da Informação se ajustará à realidade rizomática da informação virtual.
Ciência da Informação à luz da epistemologia da complexidade
Authors: Gomes Laís Lupim Santos , Pereira Gleice , Nascimento Lucileide Andrade de Lima do
Published: August 2023

Para o profissional da informação, é necessário compreender como seus objetos de estudo se interligam, pois esta interligação é parte essencial na construção diária do saber científico. Além disso, é também a base para que estes conhecimentos possam ser aplicados na prática profissional. A interdisciplinaridade é a essência dessa questão, pois permite a união de diversas áreas do saber para que se consiga entender os fatos ocorridos. A Teoria da Complexidade também vem de encontro a essa necessidade de inter-relação entre os objetos, pois prega o estudo dos fenômenos respeitando suas complexidades. Portanto, este estudo visa promover a compreensão da Teoria da Complexidade inserida na prática profissional de bibliotecários e arquivistas, por meio da análise de artigos publicados no âmbito das revistas da área de ciência da informação, disponibilizados pela plataforma BRAPCI nos anos de 2012 a 2022. Pode-se observar que diversos parâmetros da Teoria da Complexidade estão inseridos naturalmente na rotina do profissional da informação, dependendo apenas que se compreenda a que eles se referem.
Tecnologia da informação e comunicação na pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação da Universidade Federal da Paraíba
Authors: Caetano Valber Hermínio , Rios Isaac Rozas , Pinho Júlio Afonso Neto Sá de , Pinheiro Edna Gomes
Published: August 2023

Busca identificar as produções acadêmicas dos egressos dos cursos de mestrado e doutorado do Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação da Universidade Federal da Paraíba que possuem eixos temáticos relacionados às tecnologias da informação e comunicação, a fim de subsidiar a inquietação que originou a questão norteadora da pesquisa, a saber: Existe interesse dos pesquisadores da CI em discutir criticamente acerca da fundamentação, consistência e qualidade das informações produzidas e compartilhadas perante o alto índice de produção e disseminação ocasionado pelo avanço das TICs e, que trazem em sua essência posicionamentos críticos-reflexivos quanto à produção, uso e compartilhamento das informações diante do progresso dessas tecnologias. A pesquisa traz resultados quantitativos e qualitativos sobre os discentes e docentes do PPGCI/UFPB quanto aos interesses e posicionamentos críticos dos seus pesquisadores.  Enfatiza a preocupação com a necessidade de habilitar os usuários das TICs para melhor aproveitar a dinamicidade e a capacidade produtiva e de compartilhamento resultantes dos avanços tecnológicos.
Do colonialismo histórico ao colonialismo de dados
Authors: Silva Fabiano Couto Corrêa da , Pires Thalia da Silva , George Wendt Lucas
Published: August 2023

A proposta central deste trabalho é refletir como a relação entre os grandes dados (big data) e o sujeito contemporâneo, explorando o conceito de Colonialismo de Dados. O estudo busca analisar as semelhanças entre as relações de dados na sociedade atual e o colonialismo histórico, examinando as implicações sociais, políticas e econômicas dessa dinâmica. Os autores argumentam que o colonialismo de dados envolve a extração e o gerenciamento universal de dados das pessoas, resultando em uma nova ordem social baseada no rastreamento constante. Tem como objetivo analisar como o colonialismo de dados envolve a extração de recursos, representados pelos dados pessoais das pessoas, que são coletados, armazenados e utilizados por empresas para diversos fins econômicos. Esse fenômeno é sustentado por uma ideologia que promove a coleta e o uso de dados como algo benéfico e necessário, criando um ambiente onde os indivíduos são incentivados a compartilhar seus dados sem compreender completamente as implicações. Além disso, o artigo discute o papel do capitalismo nas relações de dados, destacando como o capitalismo afirma a identidade do "eu" como um ponto de referência único, mas também elementos essenciais da continuidade e transformação do self ao instalar vigilância automatizada no espaço do self. O estudo também aborda a importância da identidade pessoal como um elemento essencial, enfatizando a necessidade de abandonar a reivindicação de uma universalidade absoluta que caracteriza o colonialismo de dados.
Antileishmanial Activity of Natural Diterpenoids: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Mirzania Foroogh , Ghasemian Yadegari Javad , Salimikia Iraj
Published: August 2023

Infections that occur by protozoa are a chief universal issue for health, with wide
endemicity in the involved areas. In the absence of a vaccine, there is an immediate requirement
for efficient medications to replace those in common applications. However, their
low effectiveness, lengthy treatment regimen, high poisoning, detrimental side effects of
drugs and expensive prices require the need for superior medicine; these are all the factors
that make leishmaniasis vaccines unavailable in the near future. Therefore, there is an immediate
requirement to discover unique antileishmanial drugs with fine power and preferable
remedial profile. Even though most of the medications are still derived from medicinal
plant origins, the concern in higher plants as the origin of new bioactive natural compounds
has been enhanced in recent years. The present study is a review of reports of naturally occurring
diterpenoids extracted from plants and exhibiting anti-leishmaniasis activity. This review article refers to
25 plant species, their families, the portion used and the type of extract investigated. It also includes 88 diterpenoids
extracted and identified from higher plant species, which are classified into chemically and structurally
suitable groups. A number of recent reports and anti-leishmaniasis activities on natural compounds are discussed.
This article provides a good overview of the future of leishmaniasis drug discovery.
Direct Catalytic Conversion of Biomass-derived Carbohydrates to Ethyl Levulinate
Authors: Shan Jianrong , Hao Hengyu , Shen Feng , Yang Jirui , Qiu Mo , Wang Ruigang , Guo Haixin
Published: August 2023

Recently, levulinic acid as an important bio-based platform compound has attracted wide attention, and
its potential application value is very high. This article focuses on chem-catalytic produced ethyl levulinate (EL)
from biomass-derived carbohydrates (C6 carbohydrates) via multiple reaction pathways, which has an energy density
comparable to gasoline and has great potential as a fuel additive. This review focuses on recent examples of the
synthesis of EL from various materials using homogenous or heterogeneous catalysts. Special emphasis is placed
on the understanding of the reaction mechanism and pathways. This review also summarizes the future opportunities
and challenges associated with the applications of EL as a fuel additive and in other fields.
Gradient Boosting
Authors: Wang Zhiyuan , Ameenuddin Irfan Sayed , Teoh Christopher , Hriday Bhoyar Priyanka
Published: August 2023

In this chapter, we explore gradient boosting, a powerful ensemble machine learning
method, for both regression and classification tasks. With a focus on accessibility, we minimize
abstract mathematical theories and instead emphasize two concrete numerical examples with
small datasets related to predicting house sale prices and ease of selling houses in the property
market. By providing a step-by-step walkthrough, we illuminate the inner workings of gradient
boosting and offer sample codes and comparisons to the gradient boosting models available in
the scikit-learn library. Upon completing this chapter, readers will possess a comprehensive
understanding of gradient boosting's mechanics, its connection to the implementation and
performance of the algorithm, and be well-prepared to apply it in real-world projects.
K-means Clustering
Authors: Wang Zhiyuan , Ameenuddin Irfan Sayed , Teoh Christopher , Hriday Bhoyar Priyanka
Published: August 2023

In this chapter, we explore the K-means clustering algorithm, emphasizing an
accessible approach by minimizing abstract mathematical theories. We present a concrete
numerical example with a small dataset to illustrate how clusters can be formed using the K.means clustering algorithm. Additionally, we provide sample codes and comparisons with the
K-means model available in the scikit-learn library. Upon completing this chapter, readers will
gain a comprehensive understanding of the mechanics behind K-means clustering, and its
connection to the implementation and performance of the algorithm, and be well-prepared to
apply it in practical use.
Radiation hardness of bipolar transistor based integrated circuits improved by ECR hydrogen plasma treatment and Si-wafers gettering
Authors: Polushkin E. A.  , Nefediev S. V.  , Soltanovich O. A.  , Kovalchuk A. V.  , Shapoval S. Yu.
Published: August 2023

We demonstrate significant improvement of the radiation immunity of the integrated circuits based on silicon bipolar transistors. Strong decrease of the current gain degradation and significant yield improvement after high-energy gamma irradiation are both shown. This was achieved by development of efficient hydrogenation process for the silicon bulk and the surface dielectric layer using electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma, as well as implementation of effective Si-wafer gettering option. Keywords: integrated circuits, bipolar transistors, ECR-plasma, hydrogenation of semiconductor structures, trap state passivation, gettering of semiconductor wafers, γ-irradiation, radiation hardness, yield of workable transistors.
Simulation of the energy-band structure of superlattice of quaternary alloys of diluted nitrides
Authors: Dashkov A.S.  , Kostromin  N. A.  , Babichev  A. V.  , Goray L.I.  , Egorov A. Yu.
Published: August 2023

The paper describes an algorithm for computing the interband transition energy for superlattices of quaternary solid solutions of diluted nitrides. Using the described method, the authors have conducted several numerical simulations of test structures with InGaAsN quantum wells for the method verification using experimental data and comparison with other approaches. Simulation results showed the validity of the used approach. The hybridization parameter estimation method for Indium mole-fraction below 30% is presented. Based on simulation results, the authors propose InGaAs/GaAsN superlattices' parameters for the implementation of the source emitting in the 1.3 μm spectral range Keywords: superlattices, diluted nitrides, interband transitions, numerical simulations, hybridization parameter.
Effect of Personalized Email-Based Reminders on Participants’ Timeliness in an Online Education Program: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Bälter Olle , Jemstedt Andreas , Javan Abraham Feben , Persson Osowski Christine , Mugisha Reuben , Bälter Katarina
Published: August 2023

Background

Postsecondary students need to be able to handle self-regulated learning and manage schedules set by instructors. This is particularly the case with online courses, as they often come with a limited number of social reminders and less information directly from the teacher compared to courses with physical presence. This may increase procrastination and reduce timeliness of the students. Reminders may be a tool to improve the timeliness of students’ study behavior, but previous research shows that the effect of reminders differs between types of reminders, whether the reminder is personalized or general, and depending on the background of the students. In the worst cases, reminders can even increase procrastination.

Objective

The aim of this study was to test if personalized email reminders, as compared to general email reminders, affect the time to completion of scheduled online coursework. The personalized reminders included information on which page in the online material the participants ought to be on at the present point in time and the last page they were on during their last session. The general reminders only contained the first part of this information: where they ought to be at the present point in time.

Methods

Weekly email reminders were sent to all participants enrolled in an online program, which included 39 professional learners from three East African countries. All participants in the Online Education for Leaders in Nutrition and Sustainability program, which uses a question-based learning methodology, were randomly assigned to either personalized or general reminders. The structure of the study was AB-BA, so that group A received personalized reminders for the first unit, then general reminders for the rest of the course, while group B started with general reminders and received personalized reminders only in the third (and last) unit in the course.

Results

In total, 585 email reminders were distributed, of which 390 were general reminders and 195 were personalized. A Bayesian mixed-effects logistic regression was used to estimate the difference in the probability of being on time with one’s studies. The probability of being on time was 14 percentage points (95% credible interval 3%-25%) higher following personalized reminders compared to that following general reminders. For a course with 100 participants, this means 14 more students would be on time.

Conclusions

Personalized reminders had a greater positive effect than general reminders for a group of adults working full-time while enrolled in our online educational program. Considering how small the intervention was—adding a few words with the page number the student ought to be on to a reminder—we consider this effect fairly substantial. This intervention could be repeated manually by anyone and in large courses with some basic programming.
Oral Health, Social and Emotional Well-Being, and Economic Costs: Protocol for the Second Australian National Child Oral Health Survey
Authors: Jamieson Lisa , Luzzi Liana , Chrisopoulos Sergio , Roberts Rachel , Arrow Peter , Kularatna Sanjeewa , Mittinty Murthy , Haag Dandara , Ribeiro Santiago Pedro Henrique , Mejia Gloria
Published: August 2023

Background

Given the significant investment of governments and families into the provision of child dental care services in Australia, continued population oral health surveillance through national oral health surveys is imperative.

Objective

The aims of this study are to conduct a second National Child Oral Health Survey (NCOHS-2) to (1) describe the prevalence, extent, and impact of oral diseases in contemporary Australian children; (2) evaluate changes in the prevalence and extent of oral diseases in the Australian child population and socioeconomic subgroups since the first National Child Oral Health Study (NCOHS-1) in 2012-2013; and (3) use economic modeling to evaluate the burden of child oral disease from the NCOHS-1 and NCOHS-2 and to estimate the cost-effectiveness of targeted programs for high-risk child groups.

Methods

The NCOHS-2 will closely mimic the NCOHS-1 in being a cross-sectional survey of a representative sample of Australian children aged 5-14 years. The survey will comprise oral epidemiological examinations and questionnaires to elucidate associations between dental disease in a range of outcomes, including social and emotional well-being. The information will be analyzed within the context of dental service organization and delivery at national and jurisdictional levels. Information from the NCOHS-1 and NCOHS-2 will be used to simulate oral disease and its economic burden using both health system and household costs of childhood oral health disease.

Results

Participant recruitment for the NCOHS-2 will commence in February 2024. The first results are expected to be submitted for publication 6 months after NCOHS-2 data collection has been completed. Thematic workshops with key partners and stakeholders will also occur at this time.

Conclusions

Regular surveillance of child oral health at an Australian level facilitates timely policy and planning of each state and territory’s dental public health sector. This is imperative to enable the most equitable distribution of scarce public monies, especially for socially disadvantaged children who bear the greatest dental disease burden. The last NCOHS was conducted in 2012-2014, meaning that these data need to be updated to better inform effective dental health policy and planning. The NCOHS-2 will enable more up-to-date estimates of dental disease prevalence and severity among Australian children, with cost-effective analysis being useful to determine the economic burden of poor child dental health on social and emotional well-being and other health indicators.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/52233