bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring Factors Influencing the Sustainable Development of Recreational Fisheries in Zhejiang Province, China
Authors: Li Jiaolong , Qian WeiGuo
Published: January 2025

The research on the influencing factors of recreational fishery is an important reference index for local decision-makers, and its actual feedback lacks field consideration. By deeply analyzing the intrinsic relationship between the current situation of recreational fisheries and the needs of tourists, we can accurately understand the needs and preferences of tourists and obtain real quality feedback on products or services. Focusing on the recreational fishery in Xiangshan County, this study used Exploratory Factor Analysis to evaluate and analyze the sustainable impact factors of five recreational fisheries, including resources, infrastructure, service quality, fishing culture and recreational fishery activities, by constructing the framework of "environment + industry + culture", and found that infrastructure and natural environment had the greatest impact. Based on this, the construction of demonstration areas, reasonable planning of infrastructure, the development of fishery cultural activities, the importance of safety production and other countermeasures and suggestions, emphasizing the development of characteristic products, the improvement of service quality, the strengthening of ecological protection and resource management, so as to achieve the sustainable development of recreational fishery in Xiangshan County, and promote the upgrading of fishery industry and the inheritance of fishery culture.
Sustainable Retrofit of Social Housing: The Role and Future of Multi-Year Programs and Strategic Partnerships
Authors: Straub Ad , Meijer Frits
Published: January 2025

Dutch housing associations, being semi-pubic construction clients, have been assigned an important role to help to realise the national goal of a CO2 neutral housing stock in 2050. Practice shows that to achieve this goal, a growing number of housing associations bundle sustainable retrofit projects in multi-year programs. Those programs are implemented by entering into strategic partnerships with retrofit contractors. Based on an explorative literature review and case-study research, this article zooms in on the rationale behind the development and its effects and future. The process of establishing the partnerships and the organizational consequences for the partners involved, are discussed. The findings show that housing associations that opt for strategic partnering, significantly change their tendering process and, above all, look for the right contractors. The novel approach increases the retrofit rates and the tenant satisfaction with the process. Trust is key in the collaboration between clients and contractors. Hindering factors are the needed cultural and organizational changes on both the supply and demand side.
Temperature Dynamics of Porcine and Human Lungs During Static Ice Storage: Ice Is Not 4°C
Authors: Cenik Ismail , Van Slambrouck Jan , Barbarossa Annalisa , Jin Xin , Provoost An-Lies , Patel Pratik , Churchill Lucas , Bulka Ben , Haney John , Ceulemans Laurens J.
Published: January 2025

Static ice storage (SIS) is the historic standard for lung preservation. It has been assumed that SIS results in 4°C organ temperatures. However, no prior studies measured lung temperature during SIS, potentially reaching near-freezing conditions. We aimed to measure lung and preservation temperature dynamics with SIS in porcine experiments and clinical observations. Methods: Porcine lungs were preserved with SIS for 8h (group I, n=3) and 3h followed by 10°C storage (group II, n=3). Tissue (tissueT°), 1st bag preservation solution (psT°) and 2nd bag saline (salineT°) temperature were monitored. In clinical lungs (n=4), psT° was monitored during SIS. Surface (surfaceT°) and core (coreT°) temperature were assessed before and after SIS (n=62). Results: After 4h in group I, average tissueT° was 0.66°C, psT° was 0.12°C, salineT° was -0.02°C. After 3h in group II, average tissueT° was 1.90°C, psT° was 0.57°C, salineT° was 2.33°C. In clinical observations, psT° was below 4°C after 9-13min and 0°C after 78-267min. After SIS, median surfaceT° was 1.25°C (min-max; -3.2°C – 9.2°C) , and coreT° was 1.45°C (-0.4°C – 4.8°C). Conclusions: SIS leads to rapid temperature drops below 4°C, approaching 0°C within 2-4 hours. Post-SIS lung temperature shows considerable variability and does not consistently remain at the commonly assumed 4°C, posing potential freezing injury to donor lungs.
Soil-Specific Effects of the Biogrowth Regulator Supporter on Seed Potato Yield and Quality Across Varieties: Unlocking Sustainable Potential in Diverse Environments
Authors: Barbaś Piotr , Pszczółkowski Piotr , Krochmal-Marczak Barbara , Hameed Talal Saeed , Sawicka Barbara
Published: January 2025

The growing demand for sustainable agricultural practices requires the search for innovative solutions to improve crop yield and quality. This study investigated the soil-specific effects of the bio growth regulator Supporter on seed potato yield and quality in different potato varieties, with the aim of unlocking the sustainable potential under different environmental conditions. Field trials were conducted on several soil types using the bio growth stimulator Supporter at a rate of 300 ml per hectare (diluted in 30 liters of water) during pre-planting treatments. Standardized agronomic practices, including continuous fertilization, weed control and pest control, were applied at all test sites to ensure comparability. The results showed that the use of the bio growth stimulator Supporter significantly increased tuber yield and quality, especially in soils with moderate fertility levels. In the Supporter treatments, better tuber size uniformity, higher seed potato mass fraction and number, higher average seed potato mass and higher multiplication coefficient were observed. The effectiveness of Supporter varied across study locations and soil types, with sandy and clay soils showing the most pronounced benefits, while clay soils showed more limited responses. The results underscore the potential of Supporter as a sustainable tool for increasing potato seed production, while also emphasizing the need for soil-specific recommendations. This study highlights the importance of integrating growth regulators into precision agriculture to optimize crop performance and support global food security goals.
Risk and Capital Structure: Empirical Evidence fromSharia’h and Non-Sharia’h Firms
Authors: Bin Shahid Osama , Gulzar Obaid
Published: January 2025

The research tries to matriculate the effect of risk on the capital structure of sharia’h compliant and non-sharia’h compliant firms of Pakistan. The paper chooses three independent variables, which are systematic risk, credit risk, and liquidity risk, and three dependent variables for capital structure (debt, non-current debt, and current debt to asset) to evaluate the connection between them. The panel data after sharia’h screening was left with 81 sharia’h firms and 276 non- sharia’h firms. The data was collected from 2015 to 2019 which was taken from the state bank of Pakistan. The analysis showed, there was no significant effect of credit and systematic risk on sharia’h firms. While credit and liquidity, risk had a significant effect on non-sharia’h firms. The one-point incline (decline) in CR, increases (decreases) LVTD by 0.0027 points in non-sharia’h firms. The liquidity risk had a significant effect on sharia’h companies. So, one-point increases (decreases) in QR, incline (decline) LVSTD by 0.037 points in non-sharia’h firms and 0.0218 in sharia’h firms. The study provides suggestions for future researchers and gives key ideas about policy implications on risk management to the managers while making decisions on capital structure.
Decoding P vs. NP: A Multidimensional Exploration
Authors: Gaspar Iago
Published: January 2025

The P vs. NP problem is a central open question in theoretical computer science, asking whether every problem whose solution can be verified in polynomial time can also be solved in polynomial time. This paper presents an interdisciplinary exploration of this problem by integrating mathematical analysis, quantum computing, and machine learning.We analyze the limitations of polynomial-time reductions among NP-complete problems under the Exponential Time Hypothesis (ETH), providing detailed proofs that offer new insights into the structural complexities within NP. Additionally, we develop a novel quantum-classical hybrid algorithm that combines Grover's algorithm with classical heuristics to solve specific instances of NP-complete problems more efficiently. This includes a comprehensive complexity analysis, scalability discussions, and detailed practical implementation aspects such as oracle constructions.Furthermore, we propose a machine learning framework based on Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) to capture patterns within NP-complete problems. This approach is theoretically justified, enhances heuristic methods, and demonstrates superior performance through extensive experimental comparisons with classical heuristics and exact solvers.By integrating these methods, this work offers fresh perspectives on the P vs. NP problem and contributes to the broader understanding of computational complexity.
Cancer Pain: Radiotherapy as a Double-Edged Sword
Authors: Konopka-Filippow Monika , Politynska Barbara , Wojtukiewicz Anna M. , Wojtukiewicz Marek Z.
Published: January 2025

Cancer pain is a common issue for patients, especially in advanced cancer stages and significantly affects quality of life (QoL), treatment tolerance, and overall treatment outcomes. Pain can arise from primary tumors, metastases, and as a result treatments like radiotherapy (RT). Effective pain management is crucial, especially with RT being a key method for alleviating cancer pain, particularly in cases of bone and soft tissue metastases. RT provides relief for 60-80% of patients by reducing tumor size and mitigating associated pain. Radiotherapy can also induce pain, especially radiation-induced neuropathic pain, which may require further treatment. Despite these potential side effects, RT remains an essential tool in managing cancer pain, though careful management of its toxicities is necessary to improve patient QoL and survival.
Comparative Performance Evaluation of YOLOv5, YOLOv8, and YOLOv11 for Solar Panel Defect Detection
Authors: Khanam Rahima , Asghar Tahreem , Hussain Muhammad
Published: January 2025

The reliable operation of photovoltaic (PV) systems is essential for sustainable energy production, yet their efficiency is often compromised by defects such as bird droppings, cracks, and dust accumulation. Automated defect detection is critical for addressing these challenges in large-scale solar farms, where manual inspections are impractical. This study evaluates three YOLO object detection models—YOLOv5, YOLOv8, and YOLOv11—on a comprehensive dataset to identify solar panel defects. YOLOv5 achieved the fastest inference time (7.1ms per image) and high precision (94.1%) for cracked panels. YOLOv8 excelled in recall for rare defects, such as bird drops (79.2%), while YOLOv11 delivered the highest mAP@0.5 (93.4%), demonstrating balanced performance across defect categories. Despite strong performance for common defects like dusty panels (mAP@0.5 > 98%), bird drop detection posed challenges due to dataset imbalances. These results highlight the trade-offs between accuracy and computational efficiency, providing actionable insights for deploying automated defect detection systems to enhance PV system reliability and scalability.
GIS-Based Assessment of Flash Flood Potential in North Macedonia: Insights from Advanced Geospatial Analytics
Authors: Aleksova Bojana , Milevski Ivica , Cvetković Vladimir M. , Nikolić Neda
Published: January 2025

Flash floods, driven largely by climate and land-use changes, are among the most destructive natural hazards globally, causing significant damage and loss of life. This study employs the Flash Flood Potential Index (FFPI) to assess flood-prone areas in North Macedonia's catchments, utilizing GIS and advanced geospatial analytics. The average FFPI values for the main and subcatchments range from 5.34 to 6.46. Across the country's territory, 24.7% of the subcatchments are identified as very highly vulnerable to flash floods (torrential catchments). Correspondingly, the FFPI model ranges from 2.1 to 15.1, with an average value of 5.9, revealing significant spatial variability in flash flood risks across the country. The model classifies vulnerability into five categories, from 1 (very low) to 5 (very high). The Treska, Kriva Reka, and Pčinja River catchments exhibit the highest flood-prone susceptibility, with average FFPI values of 3.36, 3.30, and 3.22, respectively. Nationwide, 25.6% of the area is categorized as highly vulnerable to flash floods. The FFPI model was validated using intense precipitation data and historical flash flood events, ensuring a robust assessment of flood susceptibility. This research addresses the challenges of flash flood forecasting and management in North Macedonia, particularly in regions with limited observational data. By integrating factors such as slope, lithology, land use, vegetation, and the Bare Soil Index (BSI), alongside rainfall, peak discharges, and response times, this study aims to inform improved flood risk management strategies.
Analysis of the Relationship Between the H2FPEF Score and the Quality of Life in Patients with Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Authors: Ciobanu-Teașă Alina , Guberna Suzana , Ceban Octavian , Andrei Cătălina Liliana , Sinescu Crina Julieta
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: This study investigates the relationship between the H2FPEF score and the quality of life in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; Methods: We performed a prospective observational analysis on 158 hospitalized patients diagnosed with HFPEF who were followed for 12 months after discharge. During hospitalization, we calculated the H2FPEF score for each patient. In addition, we have registered the patients with a severe form of the disease, the patients who were admitted with NYHA class IV and who were discharged with NYHA class III. The follow-up after discharge aimed to monitor the limitation of the usual physical activity, the recently installed fatigue, the presence of leg edema, the ability to exercise regularly and the sadness. We thus obtained data about the quality of life of these patients, the physical and mental limitations, the number of readmissions and the percentage of mortality. To estimate the relationship between the H2FPEF score and each variable we used logistic regression models, providing probabilities for each sign or symptom of the disease mentioned by the patient; Results: All observed variables show statistical significance. The strongest relationship with the H2FPEF score is observed in marked limitations of physical activity, followed by edema and regular exercise; Conclusions: By quickly calculating the H2FPEF score we can predict which patients are at high risk and require more medical resources. Through telemedicine methods, health professionals can do more to treat HFPEF by remotely monitoring the patients. Active management can be implemented through periodic follow-ups to monitor the quality of life and through strategies to prevent and limit the number of decompensations of the disease in vulnerable patients.
Polyphenolic Profile and Antioxidant Potential of Medjool Date Tissues from the Jordan Valley
Authors: Borsacchi Leonardo , Vita Chiara , Pinelli Patrizia
Published: January 2025

This study investigated the polyphenolic composition and antioxidant potential of Medjool date tissues (flesh and seeds) from two plantations in the Jordan Valley, using chromatographic (HPLC/DAD) and spectrophotometric methods (Folin-Ciocalteau and DPPH assays). Significant levels of phenolic compounds, including gallic acid, ferulic acid, tannins, and flavonoids, were identified. The analysis revealed that polyphenol concentrations in date pulp varied depending on plantation practices and environmental conditions. Additionally, date seed extracts exhibited substantially higher antiradical efficiency compared to flesh extracts. These findings highlight the excellent nutritional and health-promoting properties of Medjool dates. Furthermore, the research emphasizes the potential of date seeds and downgraded fruits for applications in nutraceuticals and functional foods, supporting sustainability and circular economy principles. The study underscores the significance of Medjool dates as a premium cultivar for health-oriented products and suggests strategies to enhance Palestinian date exports despite ongoing logistical and geopolitical challenges.
Cancer Genomics: Restorative Senescence, Transition to Unicellularity, DDR Circuits, and the Status Quo Ante
Authors: Niculescu Vladimir
Published: January 2025

All non-gametogenic germlines, including those of humans, protists, and cancer, are capable of proliferation through asymmetric cell division (ACD) and stem cell differentiation, and can be classified as NG germlines or CSC-germlines. These cells are evolutionary descendants of the hypoxic Urgermline that evolved from the common ancestor of amoebozoans, metazoans, and fungi, and follow its physiological and molecular characteristics. Modern germlines and stem cells have inherited oxygen sensitivity. Stress, particularly hypoxic-hyperoxic shock, alters their genome, damages homologous recombination (HR) genes, and leads to irreparable DNA DSB, leading to the loss of functions such as stemness potential and ACD capacity. DSB-altered cells follow a pattern of unicellularization and genome repair via non-apoptotic senescence and hyperpolyploidization. Markers such as p16 and p12 characterize the dysfunctional cells. A phase of restorative senescence and unicellularization are prerequisites for cancer, but the loss and recovery of germline genome integrity also occur in unicellular organisms and parasitic amoebae. During unicellularization, human multicellular genes (MGs) are downregulated, while ancient, conserved unicellular germline (UG) genes are upregulated. Restorative senescence is an ancient cell state and genome repair mechanism, part of the cellular DNA damage response that restores dysfunctional germline cells to their “status quo ante“. It reconstitutes the architecture, function, and molecular integrity of the germline genome. The cellular DNA damage repair circuitry includes tetraploidy, restorative senescence and senescence exit, proliferation through defective mitosis and symmetric cell division (DSCD), homotypic cell fusion into hyperpolyploid MGRS/PGCC structures, and genome reconstruction within giant hyperpolyploid nuclei.
Design and Synthesis of Some New Phenylhydrazone Derivatives for Antimicrobial Evaluation
Authors: Bako Rabiu , Abdullahi Idris Yunusa , Hamza Asmau Nasir , Yakubu Abubakar Sadiq , October Natasha
Published: January 2025

Antimicrobial chemotherapeutic failure as a result of pathogenic resistance stain is great concern across the globe, there is need to search for an effective antimicrobial agent from synthetic sources to wipe microbial resistant in clinical practice. The phenylhydrazone derivatives were scientifically found to have wide application in area of drug discovery due to their anticancer, anti-tubercular, anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities. Five (5) novel (E)-Substituted-N-(phenylhydrazones) derivatives’ were obtained by condensation reaction through one step reaction, here are the five compounds, HS1 (E)-1-(1-(4-bromophenyl)ethylidene)-2-(2,4dinitrophenyl)hydrazine),HS2 (E)-1-(1-(4-bromophenyl)ethylidene)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)hydrazine), HS3(E)-1-(4nitrophenyl)-2-(1-(3-nitrophenyl)ethylidene)hydrazine), HS4 (E)-1-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-2-(1-(3nitrophenyl)ethylidene)hydrazine), and HS5 (E)-1-(1-(3-nitrophenyl)ethylidene)-2-phenylhydrazine) and their structural elucidation were established on the basis of FTIR, 1D and 2D NMR spectra and the Insilco prediction of physicochemical properties found within the lipinski’s rule of five and the newly synthesized compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial assessment via an in-vitro test model using inhibition zone technique, MIC, MBC and MFC.
Enhancing Education Outcomes Integrating Augmented Reality and Artificial Intelligence for Education in Nutrition and Food Sustainability
Authors: Capecchi Irene , Borghini Tommaso , Bellotti Michael , Bernetti Iacopo
Published: January 2025

Background/Objectives: The integration of Augmented Reality (AR) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) in educational applications presents an opportunity to enhance learning outcomes in young users. This study focuses on ARFood, a serious game designed to teach Generation Alpha about nutritional health and environmental sustainability. The objective is to evaluate and improve the effectiveness of the app’s AI-driven feedback mechanisms in achieving specific educational goals in these domains. Methods: ARFood features two AI-powered Non-Player Characters (NPCs), each programmed to evaluate virtual shopping carts created by users. The nutritional NPC provides feedback on dietary choices, while the sustainability NPC assesses environmental impacts. Ninety-three participants were involved, generating 83 virtual carts evaluated by both NPCs. Each NPC’s feedback was assessed for alignment with five predefined educational objectives per theme, using a zero-shot RoBERTa classifier. An iterative process was employed to refine the NPC prompts, increasing the weight of underrepresented objectives, and re-evaluating the virtual carts until all objectives were satisfactorily addressed. Results: Initial evaluations revealed uneven alignment across the educational objectives, particularly in areas such as resource conservation and balanced diet planning. Prompt refinement led to a significant improvement in feedback quality, with final iterations demonstrating comprehensive coverage of all educational objectives. Conclusions: The study highlights the potential of AR and AI in creating adaptive educational tools. Iterative prompt optimization, supported by zero-shot classification, proved effective in enhancing the app’s ability to deliver balanced, goal-oriented feedback. Future applications can leverage this approach to improve educational outcomes in various domains.
Enhanced Distributed Coordinated Control Strategy for DC Microgrid Hybrid Energy Storage Systems Using Adaptive Event Triggering
Authors: Nawaz Fawad , Pashajavid Ehsan , Fan Yuanyuan , Batool Munira
Published: January 2025

A novel enhanced distributed cooperative control framework, based on adaptive event-triggered mechanisms, is developed for managing multiple hybrid energy storage systems (HESSs) in islanded DC microgrids (MG). This system utilises a hierarchical coordinated control method (HCCM) with primary virtual-resistance droop control integrated with state-of-charge (SoC) management and secondary control for voltage regulation and proportional current distribution through optimised communication networks. The integration of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based controllers alongside traditional PI control leads to an improvement in system responsiveness. The control approach dynamically adjusts the trigger parameters to minimise communication overhead with tight voltage regulation. An extensive simulation using MATLAB/Simulink shows how the system can effectively manage variability in renewable energy sources and maintain stable voltage profiles with precise power distribution and minimal bus voltage fluctuations.
Architectural Patterns in REST API withSpring Framework
Authors: Kim Galina , Isaev Ruslan , Esenalieva Gulzada
Published: January 2025

This article discusses the most popular architectural patterns used in the development of REST APIs based on the Spring Framework, including MVC (Model-View-Controller), microservice architecture, CQRS (Command Query Responsibility Segregation), and other patterns. For each pattern, an analysis of its structure, principles, and implementation approaches is provided. The advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. The study concludes that the choice of architectural pattern depends on the project’s specifics, scale, and performance requirements, suggesting possible approaches for hybrid use of these patterns to improve the flexibility and scalability of REST APIs with the Spring Framework.
Improving Glioblastoma Prognosis with MRI based Machine Learning
Authors: Dhanjal Guntas , Sarmadi Morteza
Published: January 2025

A malignant tumor in the brain is a life-threatening condition. Known as glioblastoma, it's both the most common form of brain cancer in adults and the one with the worst prognosis, with median survival being less than a year. More than 300,000 people each year are diagnosed with glioblastoma according to the UT Southwestern Medical Center, and the average life expectancy of patients with glioblastoma is only 8 months (NBTS, 2023). The presence of a specific genetic sequence in the tumor known as MGMT promoter methylation has been shown to be a favorable prognostic factor and a strong predictor of responsiveness to chemotherapy. MGMT stands for O (6)-Methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase, it is a critical enzyme involved in DNA repair mechanisms in the cell. This project explores training and testing of Machine Learning Models using MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scans to detect for the presence of MGMT promoter methylation. In this specific research, a Keras based model was used for optimization. The resulting model can predict the genetic subtype of glioblastoma, leading to fewer surgeries and better treatment decisions. By using this method we can cut unnecessary surgeries, help decide the type of therapy needed, and overall focus on improving the management, survival, and prospects of patients with glioblastoma. The model's performance metrics show an accuracy of 0.479, sensitivity (recall) of 0.666, specificity of 0.301, and a precision of 0.476.
Culture-Based Caring in Nursing: A Systematic Review
Authors: Suratmi Suratmi , nursalam nursalam , pandin moses , Nur Faridah Virgianti
Published: January 2025

Background: Culture-based caring in nursing is a crucial strategy for enhancing nurses’ performance by integrating cultural values into nursing practices. Objective: This literature aims to create more inclusive, meaningful, and culturally responsive healthcare services for both patients and nurses. Methods: Articles were obtained from several databases includes Scopus, Science Direct, ProQuest, PubMed, and CINAHL to identify articles published between 2019 - 2024. The review evaluated various literature on the development of culture-based caring models, focusing on cultural competence dimensions such as awareness, knowledge, skills, encounters, and desire. Result: The findings indicate that the success of this model heavily depends on continuous education, supportive and inclusive work environments, as well as nurses’ ability to adapt and communicate across cultures. This holistic approach does not only improve patients’ satisfaction but also strengthens interprofessional relationships, reduces miscommunication, and enhances overall healthcare service quality.
Determination of Angle of Refraction in X-Ray Phase-Contrast Imaging Using Geometric Optics
Authors: Yang Jun , Zong Fangke , Zhang Chenggong , Tang Hao qi , Du Yang , Chen Rong chang
Published: January 2025

Calculating the angle of refraction when X-rays pass through an object is a fundamental concern in X-ray phase-contrast imaging. When using wave optics to calculate the angle of refraction, several challenges arise. First, when the phase of the object changes significantly, the angle of refraction is divergent. Second, the method is unable to address the case of point-source illumination, specifically regarding the influence of the X-ray source's focal spot size on the angle of refraction. Here, a geometric optics based method is established to simulate the propagation-based X-ray phase-contrast imaging (pbXPCI) and calculate the angle of refraction. The results indicate that the angle of refraction can be effectively determined by geometric optics even when the phase of the object changes significantly, and reducing the focal spot size of the X-ray source and the pixel size of the detector will result in a larger angle of refraction. The results also indicate that the angle of refraction would vary with the object’s position and the system’s length, rather than remaining constant regardless of its location.
Upadacitinib Efficacy And Safety For Refractory Orofacial Granulomatosis Associated With Panenteric Crohn's Disease
Authors: Campigotto Michele , Priotto Francesca , Tonello Cinzia Francesca , Monica Fabio , Crocè Saveria Lory
Published: January 2025

Background and Clinical Significance: Orofacial granulomatosis is a rare but often disabling condition potentially associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Pathogenesis is not well understood, and no disease-specific approved treatments exist to date. Case presentation: A 26-year-old woman with pan-enteric Crohn's disease developed buccal swelling and deep oral ulcers histologically confirmed as associated orofacial granulomatosis. Multiple therapies were attempted during her life, including systemic steroids and immunomodulator drugs as Thalidomide, Adalimumab, and Ustekinumab in combination with topical steroid injections and Cyclosporin application, with no or minimal benefit. Only Infliximab showed good efficacy, but it was suspended due to side effects. Following secondary loss of response to Ustekinumab, compassionate treatment with Upadacitinib, a recently developed oral Jak-1 selective inhibitor, resulted in complete resolution of the oral ulcers. Moreover, after the 12-week induction phase and the transition to 30 mg/daily maintenance dosage, the oral disease remained controlled. Due to clinical recurrence of Crohn’s disease, Vedolizumab was added as associated treatment, resulting in complete clinical benefit after six-months follow-up. Conclusions: This is a unique case of oro-facial granulomatosis associated with panenteric Crohn’s disease successfully treated with Upadacitinib. Larger data are needed to explore its potential benefits in this clinical condition.
Pterometric Studies on Pannonian Drosophilidae—Wing Proportions and Phylogeny
Authors: Tiefenbrunner Astrid , Tiefenbrunner Wolfgang
Published: January 2025

The wing venation of 30 Pannonian species of the dipteran family Drosophilidae was analysed comparatively. 23 vein branching, origin and edge points were selected and used to determine 54 distances per wing. A scaling to the total wing length was carried out, and then the data of 130 wings, whose assignment to species and sex was known, were compared multivariate using principal component analysis. The relationship between species similarity in wing proportions and phylogenetic position was analysed for different Drosophilidae evolutionary hypotheses. Furthermore, we analysed how the wing proportions shift along the first two principal axes (PC1 and PC2).All species of the subfamily Steganinae show positive PC1 values, which means that within this family the proximal wing area is relatively extended compared to the rest of the wing. This is probably the original condition in the family. In the Drosophilinae genera Drosophila (ad partem), Hirtodrosophila, Scaptomyza and Chymomyza the PC1 values are negative and accordingly the wing base is relatively small. The genus Drosophila is divided into three clusters, the first consists of representatives of the melanogaster species group (subgenus Sophophora), but also includes Scaptodrosophila species. The second contains mainly species of the obscura species group (also Sophophora), but also D. suzukii, which belongs to the melanogaster species group, and D. busckii from the Dorsilopha subgenus. The two clusters most closely resemble the genus Chymomyza, while the third is similar to Scaptomyza. This third cluster contains species of the subgenus Drosophila and the genus Hirtodrosophila. Within the cluster, D. testacea and the quinaria species group are more similar to each other, D. hydei as a representative of the repleta species group lies somewhat apart. In many respects there is more agreement with the phylogenetic hypotheses of Throgmorton 1975 than with the current taxonomy of the Drosophilidae.In the genera Gitona, Chymomyza and the subgenus Sophophora, the distal wing segment is enlarged at the expense of the medial one (PC2).
Population-Based Prevalence of Antibiotic Residuals in Low, Moderate and High Malaria Endemicity Areas in Tanzania
Authors: Lotto Theopista David , Zuakulu Martin , Gallay Joanna , Ternon Beatrice , Decosterd Laurent Arthur , Kulinkina Alexandra V. , Genton Blaise
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Inappropriate antibiotic use is a big driver of bacterial antimicrobial resistance, and an increasing problem worldwide. Antibiotic use has sometimes been found to be more frequent by patients without malaria than patients with malaria. However, much uncertainty still exists, especially in places with varying malaria prevalence. In this study, the residuals of commonly used antibiotics in Tanzania were measured in samples collected from subjects living in three regions with different malaria epidemiology. Methods: A cross sectional household survey was conducted in 2015 to assess antimalarial medicine use in a population of 6000 individuals in three regions. Antibiotics residuals were measured in dried blood spots of a subset of people using broad-range tandem mass spectrometry technology. Risk factors for presence of antibiotic residuals were evaluated, including household healthcare seeking behaviors, malaria testing and other potential variables. Results: The overall prevalence of residual antibiotics in blood in the studied population was 14.4% (438/3036) with 95% CI of 11.4 – 15.8%. Stratifying by malaria transmission intensity, the antibiotic prevalence was 17.2% (95% CI: 12.9 - 17.2%) in Mwanza (low), 14.6% (95% CI: 10.6-15.0 %) in Mbeya (moderate), and 11.2% (95% CI: 7.9–11.6%) in Mtwara (high). Trimethoprim was the medication most often detected (6.1%) followed by sulfamethoxazole (4.4%), and penicillin V (0.001%).
Associations Between Screen Time, Physical Activity, and Sleep Patterns in Children Aged 3-7 Years: A Multicentric Cohort Study in Urban Environment
Authors: Torres Paula , Pablos Ana , Elvira Laura , Ceca Diego , Chia Michael , Huertas Florentino
Published: January 2025

In most developed countries, children's use of digital media has increased significantly. Concerns about how screen time (ST) affects physical activity (PA), sleep patterns (SL), and overall health habits have prompted further exploration of these associations. This study examined ST, PA, and SL patterns in children aged 3–7 years living in an urban en-vironment. A multicenter prospective cohort study was conducted using the Surveillance of Digital Media Habits in Early Childhood Questionnaire (SMALLQ®). Parents of 243 children completed the questionnaire, providing data on their children’s ST, SL, and PA habits during weekdays and weekends. A series of ANOVA tests were performed to assess dif-ferences in weekday and weekend ST, PA, and SL across age groups and sexes, as well as to compare these results with UN recommendations. The findings revealed a non-significant trend in ST and a significant effect of age group on PA during both week-days and weekends, as well as on weekend SL. No significant differences based on sex were observed. Additionally, the comparison indicated that 3–5 years-old preschool chil-dren exceeded the recommended ST during weekends, while 6-7 years- old first-grade el-ementary children failed to meet the PA recommendations. These results highlight the critical role of age-related changes in shaping PA and SL behaviors in young children, emphasizing the importance of targeted interventions to foster healthy habits in early childhood.
Teamwork in Action: Improving Emergency Response for Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Through Simulation Training
Authors: Iborra Elena , Huici-Sanchez Malka , Chaos Otilia , Macía Irene , Videla Sebastián
Published: January 2025

Background: Ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (rAAA) have a high mortality rate, close to 50%, despite a decrease in incidence in many European and American countries. Improving emergency response through simulation training could significantly enhance patient outcomes. Objective: To determine whether simulation training and theoretical sessions reviewing the clinical practice protocol for rAAA management improve emergency team performance. Methods: Prospective, single-center, evaluative study on teaching activities based on a course for managing ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms (rAAA) through teamwork simulations conducted at Bellvitge University Hospital, a tertiary care center. The study included vascular surgeons, anesthesiologists, scrub nurses, and porters. . The intervention consisted of a course on rAAA management, including protocol revision and simulation sessions. Results: A total of 35 participants (mean age 35.1 (27-55), 40% male) completed the course. The time between the emergency call and patient treatment was significantly reduced from 41 minutes to 31 minutes (a 24,5% reduction time). All participants reported high satisfaction with the course and perceived significant improvement in their skills. Conclusions: Simulation training and theoretical sessions on rAAA management significantly improve emergency team performance and shorten the time between the emergency call and patient treatment. This study provides a replicable methodology that can be implemented in other medical centers to enhance emergency response and patient outcomes for rAAA.
How Can Robotic Devices Help Clinicians Determine the Treatment Dose for Post-Stroke Arm Paresis?
Authors: Pila Ophélie , Duret Christophe
Published: January 2025

Upper limb training dose after stroke is usually quantified by time and repetitions. This study analyzed upper limb motor training dose in stroke participants (N=36) using a more comprehensive approach. Participants, classified by initial motor severity (severe/moderate/mild) and recovery trajectory (good/poor), received daily robotic and occupational therapy. Treatment dose was reported using a multidimensional framework. Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) score and robot-derived kinematic parameters (reach distance (cm), velocity (cm/s), accuracy (cm) and smoothness (number of velocity peaks)) were analyzed pre- and post-intervention. FMA scores (mean(SD)) improved significantly post-intervention in severe (+11(12) pts; p<0.001) and moderate (+13(6) pts; p=<0.01) impairment groups. In the severe group, good recoverers showed greater improvement (+18(12) pts) than poor recoverers (+4(4) pts). Despite similar robotic therapy duration (34 min/session) and number of movements (600-900/session) between good and poor recoverers, both groups experienced very different therapeutic plans in the use of physical modalities: good recoverers gradually moved from assisted to the unassisted then resisted modality. Kinematic analysis showed distinct patterns of motor improvement across severity levels, ranging from quantitative (reach distance/velocity) to qualitative (accuracy/smoothness) changes. This approach provides a more accurate description of the therapeutic dose by characterizing the movements actually performed and can help personalize rehabilitation strategies.
Opportunities and Constraints Along the Horticultural Value Chain in Botswana: A SWOT Analysis
Authors: Malope Patrick , Madisa Mogapi E , Solani Dynah , Mabikwa Vincent Onkabetse
Published: January 2025

The Botswana horticultural value chain faces several constrains which impedes its growth as chain actors are unable to take opportunities created by the market. This study uses the SWOT anlayis to indentify the main opportunities and contraints in the Botswana horticulture value chain using data collected from a farm survey, in-indeth interviews and focus group discussions conducted with other key stakeholders between June and July 2023. The study found that the main constraints in the horticulture value chain include; expensive inputs, lack of technical knowledge, low technology uptake, lack of market access, high in-field and post- harvest losses, low access to credit, limited processing and ineffective support system. The opportunities within the value chain include unmet local demand for both fresh and processed products, productivity gap, and supportive government policies. To develop the horticulture value chain it is recommended that the identified contraints be addressed by the chain actors and government. For instance, government should address the issue of lack of technical skills through provision of improved extension services as this will address low productivity brought be both in-field and post harvest losses. Additionally, the identified opportunities should be taken up by value chain actors to enhance value chain performance.
Mind the Gap! Core-Peripheral Temperature Gradient and Its Relationship to Mortality in Major Burns
Authors: Keohane Niamh , Driver Jennifer , Mullhi Randeep , Chipp Elizabeth , Torlinska Barbara , Torlinski Tomasz
Published: January 2025

The association between hypothermia and poor outcomes in severe burn injury is well established. However, the significance of the core-peripheral temperature gradient has not previously been investigated. Institutional guidance at our burns centre advocates avoiding hypothermia and targeting body temperature between 37.5-39.5° C. Core-peripheral temperature gap should be ≤2°C, with this being based on expert opinion. Data from 61 patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) with severe burns between 2016 and 2022 were analysed. A higher core temperature at 48 hours, avoidance of hypothermia and a core-peripheral temperature gap >2°C were associated with reduced odds of mortality. The mean core body temperature and core-peripheral temperature gap increased over the first 48 hours (r=0.5, p<0.001). All non-survivors had a core-peripheral gap <2°C at 48 hours. Survivors had a higher mean 48-hour gap (1.6 [95%CI:1.3-1.9]) vs non-survivors (0.8 [95%CI:0.2-1.4; p=0.04]). Our findings support previous studies suggesting that avoiding hypothermia and achieving a higher target temperature are associated with reduced mortality. However, it challenges previous expert consensus that a lower core-peripheral gap indicates better outcomes. Further research with a larger cohort of patients is required to identify whether a higher core-peripheral temperature gap predicts patient outcomes in critically ill patients with severe burns.
Multi-GNSS Large Areas PPP-RTK Performance during Ionosphere Anomaly Periods
Authors: Wang Zhu , Yang Guangbin , Huang Rui , Li Man , Zhu Menglan
Published: January 2025

Precise Point Positioning with real-time kinematic (PPP-RTK) technology, which relies on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), encounters difficulties in achieving high-precision and rapid convergence during ionospheric scintillation events such as those occurring in thunder-storms. Most existing research on PPP-RTK has primarily focused on calm ionospheric conditions, with limited analysis of its performance under ionospheric anomalies. This study analyzes 13-day data collected from 305 Australian stations, encompassing both ionospheric anomalies (from May 10th to 13th, 2024) and calm periods. We evaluated the residuals of uncalibrated phase delay (UPD), the accuracy of atmospheric modeling, as well as the positioning accuracy and convergence time of PPP-RTK. The results reveal that during ionospheric anomalies, com-pared to calm conditions, the accuracy of wide-lane and narrow-lane UPDs decreases by 2.4% and 1.4%, respectively. Meanwhile, the accuracy of estimated ionospheric and tropospheric de-lays deteriorates by 167.1% and 17.3%, respectively. In terms of PPP-RTK services, for the hori-zontal component, the convergence times increase by 25.0%, 44.4%, and 55.6% for the GPS-only, GPS+Galileo, and GPS+Galileo+BDS solutions, respectively. For the vertical component, the in-creases are 56.9%, 81.6%, and 87.2%, respectively. Regarding the positioning accuracies, for the horizontal component, they decline by 5.5%, 7.4%, and 10.4% for the GPS-only, GPS+Galileo, and GPS+Galileo+BDS solutions, respectively. For the vertical component, the declines are 11.8%, 13.0%, and 18.5%, respectively. This indicates that ionospheric anomalies significantly disrupt PPP-RTK services, mainly due to the degradation of ionospheric delay estimates, which directly affects positioning results. Although the ionosphere can lead to significant degradation in posi-tioning performance, the positioning performance can still be substantially improved with an in-crease in the number of satellites. This study thus offers new insights into the performance of PPP-RTK during ionospheric disturbances.
Integrating Genetic and Immune Profiles for Personalized Immunotherapy in Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: He Cong , Shen Yiwei , Zhou Xiaoqing
Published: January 2025

Alzheimer's disease is the leading cause of dementia worldwide, with the number of patients expected to reach 131 million by 2050. Current treatments can only alleviate the symptoms of AD and are unable to halt the progression of the disease. Personalized immunotherapy shows great potential, as it can improve treatment efficacy and reduce side effects through precise targeting and early intervention. This paper emphasizes the importance of integrating genetic background with immune status, reviews the genetic and immune characteristics of AD, discusses multi-omics data integration methods, biomarker identification, patient stratification, and precision treatment strategies, as well as the current status and prospects of immunotherapy applications, thereby providing new directions for future AD treatments.
Examining Spanish-Language Pro Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI) Posts on Tumblr: A Computer-Assisted Text Analysis
Authors: Elrod Krisy , Dykeman Cass
Published: January 2025

Adolescent non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) often co-occurs with disorders such as depression, anxiety, and PTSD, yet limited research exists on Spanish-language social media contexts. This study employed a computer-assisted text analysis (CATA) approach to examine Spanish-language pro-NSSI Tumblr posts originating from North, Central, and South America. A year’s worth of public posts was collected, focusing on captions and hashtags that included NSSI-related terms. Using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) software, we analyzed linguistic and psychological markers. Log-likelihood ratio tests revealed significantly higher frequencies of words related to negative emotions, sadness, health, and death compared to standard blog norms. Mixed-language posts showed notable code-switching, suggesting a possible emotional distancing mechanism when discussing self-harm. Findings indicate that Spanish-speaking adolescents engaging in pro-NSSI communities exhibit unique linguistic and psychological characteristics, with important implications for clinical assessment and intervention. Mental health counselors and educators can use these insights to develop culturally and linguistically responsive strategies for prevention and support.