bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Trends, patterns, and outcomes of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) use among patients with early invasive triple negative breast cancer (TNBC).
Authors: Jackson Inimfon , Lei Xiudong , Malinowski Catalina , Giordano Sharon H. , Chavez-MacGregor Mariana
Published: July 2024

602

Background: TNBC is associated with clinically aggressive behavior and poorer survival outcomes. Among patients with TNBC, the use of NACT offers several advantages including improved outcomes among those who achieve a pathological complete response (pCR). We examined the patterns of NACT use, trends of pCR, and the association between pCR and overall survival (OS) in a large cohort of patients. Methods: Patients ≥18 years with stage I-III TNBC diagnosed between 2010-2020 who underwent surgery and received chemotherapy were identified in the National Cancer Database. Trends in NACT use and pCR were assessed using multivariable logistic regression and the Cochran-Armitage test for time trends. Multivariable logistic regression was used to evaluate the factors associated with pCR. The impact of pCR on OS was examined using a multivariable Cox proportional hazards model with propensity score (PS) adjustment and by PS matching (1:1 matching performed by exact year of diagnosis and clinical stage). Results: Of 133,437 patients with TNBC who received chemotherapy, 30.75% received NACT. The rate NACT receipt increased from 19% in 2010 to 44.7% in 2020 (p<0.001). Among patients with NACT, pCR rates increased from 19.8% in 2010 to 35.6% in 2020 (p<0.001). Patients treated with chemotherapy between 2014-2017 (aOR=1.89; 95% CI 1.84–1.95) or 2018-2020 (aOR= 2.89; 95% CI 2.79–2.99) were more likely to receive NACT than those treated in 2010-2013. Compared to non-Hispanic Whites, Black patients were less likely (aOR=0.86; 95% CI 0.83–0.89) to receive NACT. Among patients who received NACT, treatment receipt between 2014-2017 (aOR=1.41; 95% CI 1.33–1.50) or 2018-2020 (aOR= 1.86; 95% CI 1.76–1.98) was associated with higher odds of achieving pCR relative to treatment receipt between 2010-2013. Black patients were less likely (aOR=0.87; 95% CI 0.83–0.94) to achieve a pCR relative to White patients. Other factors associated with NACT receipt and pCR rates were age, cancer stage, comorbidity, type of insurance, income, and facility type. Among patients treated with NACT, pCR was associated with lower risk of death (aHR= 0.26; 95% CI 0.24–0.29). Based on matched pairs, the 5-year OS in patients who achieved pCR was 94% versus 77% among patients who did not (p<0.001). Conclusions: The use of NACT among patients with TNBC has dramatically increased in the last decade. We observed an increase in pCR which is likely associated with improved cancer therapy regimens and use of NACT in patients with low burden disease. Our findings highlight the importance of NACT use and the prognostic significance of pCR in this population. Although TNBC is more prevalent in Black patients, they were less likely to be treated with NACT and less likely to achieve a pCR. Additional studies are needed to explore disparities in NACT receipt and how to address these to further improve survival outcomes.
Longitudinal stereotactic injections of oncolytic immunoactivating rQNestin34.5v.2 (CAN-3110) with concomitant biopsies for “-omic” analyses in recurrent glioblastoma (GBM).
Authors: Reardon David A.
Published: July 2024

TPS2097

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM), the most common primary malignant brain tumor remains incurable. Numerous clinical trials of highly promising treatment modalities have not met efficacy objectives to support regulatory approval. One limitation in trial evaluation has been the lack of tumor sampled at various timepoints during therapy to allow analyses of the treatment’s effect. Sequential biopsies have not been pursued due to possible morbidity, relative surgical inaccessibility of GBM within the brain, and quality and quantity of stereotactic biopsies to permit detailed analyses. We hypothesized that the convergence of modern neurosurgical techniques and imaging with sophisticated “omics” analyses would overcome these limitations. Methods: A multi-institutional phase 1 clinical trial was started in recurrent GBM (rGBM) patients treated with up to 6 stereotactic administrations of the oncolytic immunotherapy, rQNestin34.5v.2 (CAN-3110) (Ling et al. Nature, 2023) over 4 months (day 0, 15, 30, 60, 90 and 120) with concomitant multisector biopsies. Two cohorts of 1 x108 pfu per injection and 1 x 109 pfus per injection of rQnestin34.5v.2 are planned for a total of 6 patients per cohort using a Bayesian optimal interval (BOIN) design for dose escalation. Before each injection, multiregional sector biopsies of rGBM are undertaken and the biopsies are processed for “-omic” analyses, including single cell RNA sequencing, proteomics/phosphoproteomic/immunopeptidomics, metabolomics, spatial transcriptomics and cell profiles as well as other technologies. In addition, concomitant CSF and blood analyses are performed at the same time to longitudinally correlate biofluid markers with the treated rGBM tissues. So far, 6 patients have accrued, completing cohort 1 without experiencing DLT or SAE from the injected oncolytic rQNestin34.5v.2 and/or the multiple longitudinal procedures. A total of 316 longitudinal core biopsies were obtained from all 6 patients across the planned timepoints. The biopsies have been successfully processed for ongoing longitudinal scientific “-omic” data for the first 2 patients. Cohort 2 is scheduled to start enrollment in the spring of 2024 (NCT03152318). This abstract is submitted on behalf of the Break Through Cancer Accelerating Glioblastoma Therapies Team Lab (breakthroughcancer.org). Clinical trial information: NCT03152318 .
Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: Genomic Variables Associated With Anatomic Location and Outcome
Authors: Preston William A. , Drill Esther , Boerner Thomas , Gelfer Rebecca , Harding James J. , O'Reilly Eileen M. , Cercek Andrea , Abou-Alfa Ghassan , Park Wungki , Balachandran Vinod P. , Drebin Jeffrey , Soares Kevin C. , Wei Alice , Kingham T. Peter , D'Angelica Michael I. , Jarnagin William R.
Published: July 2024

PURPOSE

This study aimed to define genomic differences between perihilar cholangiocarcinoma (PCA) and distal cholangiocarcinoma (DCA) and identify genomic determinants of survival.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Consecutive patients with ECA with tissue for targeted next-generation sequencing were analyzed, stratified by anatomic site (PCA/DCA), disease extent, and treatment. Associations between genomic alterations, clinicopathologic features, and outcomes were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression to compare survival.

RESULTS

In total, 224 patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2022 (n = 127 PCA; n = 97 DCA) met inclusion criteria. The median survival was 29 months (43 after resection and 17 from diagnosis for unresectable disease). Compared with PCA, DCA was enriched in TP53alt (alterations; 69% v 33%; Q < 0.01), epigenetic pathway alterations (45% v 29%; Q = 0.041), and had more total altered pathways (median 3 v 2; Q < 0.01). KRASalt frequency was similar between PCA (36%) and DCA (37%); however, DCA was enriched in KRAS G12D (19% v 9%; P = .002). No other clinicopathologic or genomic variables distinguished subtypes. In resected patients, no genomic alterations were associated with outcome. However, in unresectable patients, CDKN2Aalt (hazard ratio [HR], 2.59 [1.48 to 4.52]) and APCalt (HR, 5.11 [1.96 to 13.3]) were associated with reduced survival. For the entire cohort, irresectability (HR, 3.13 [2.25 to 4.36]), CDKN2Aalt (HR, 1.80 [1.80 to 2.68]), and APCalt (HR, 2.00 [1.04 to 3.87]) were associated with poor survival.

CONCLUSION

CDKN2Aalt and APCalt were associated with poor survival in ECA, primarily in advanced disease. As PCA and DCA were genetically similar, coanalysis of PCA and DCA in future genomic studies is reasonable.
Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Intermediate (III) or High (IV-V) Spetzler-Martin Grade Arteriovenous Malformations: International Stereotactic Radiosurgery Society Practice Guideline
Authors: Graffeo Christopher S. , Kotecha Rupesh , Sahgal Arjun , Fariselli Laura , Gorgulho Alessandra , Levivier Marc , Ma Lijun , Paddick Ian , Regis Jean , Sheehan Jason P. , Suh John H. , Yomo Shoji , Pollock Bruce E.
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:

Consensus guidelines do not exist to guide the role of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in the management of patients with Spetzler-Martin Grade III-V arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). We sought to establish SRS practice guidelines for Grade III-V AVMs based on a critical systematic review of the published literature.

METHODS:

A Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-compliant search of Medline, Embase, and Scopus, 1986 to 2023, for publications reporting post-SRS outcomes in ≥10 Grade III-V AVMs with the median follow-up ≥24 months was performed. Primary end points were AVM obliteration and post-SRS hemorrhage. Secondary end points included dosimetric variables, Spetzler-Martin parameters, and neurological outcome.

RESULTS

: In total, 2463 abstracts were screened, 196 manuscripts were reviewed, and 9 met the strict inclusion criteria. The overall sample of 1634 AVMs consisted of 1431 Grade III (88%), 186 Grade IV (11%), and 11 Grade V lesions (1%). Total median post-SRS follow-up was 53 months for Grade III and 43 months for Grade IV-V AVMs (ranges, 2-290; 12-262). For Grade III AVMs, the crude obliteration rate was 72%, and among Grade IV-V lesions, the crude obliteration rate was 46%. Post-SRS hemorrhage was observed in 7% of Grade III compared with 17% of Grade IV-V lesions. Major permanent deficits or death from hemorrhage or radiation-induced complications occurred in 86 Grade III (6%) and 22 Grade IV-V AVMs (12%).

CONCLUSION:

Most patients with Spetzler-Martin Grade III AVMs have favorable SRS treatment outcomes; however, the obliteration rate for Grade IV-V AVMs is less than 50%. The available studies are heterogenous and lack nuanced, long-term, grade-specific outcomes.
Evidence of 14-3-3 proteins contributing to kinetochore integrity and chromosome congression during mitosis
Authors: Anbalagan Guhan Kaliyaperumal , Agarwal Prakhar , Ghosh Santanu Kumar
Published: July 2024

The 14-3-3 family of proteins are conserved across eukaryotes and serve myriad important regulatory functions in the cell. Homo- and hetero-dimers of these proteins mainly recognize their ligands via conserved motifs to modulate the localization and functions of those effector ligands. In most of the genetic backgrounds of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, disruption of both 14-3-3 homologs (Bmh1 and Bmh2) are either lethal or cells survive with severe growth defects, including gross chromosomal missegregation and prolonged cell cycle arrest. To elucidate their contributions to chromosome segregation, in this work, we investigated their centromere- and kinetochore-related functions of Bmh1 and Bmh2. Analysis of appropriate deletion mutants shows that Bmh isoforms have cumulative and non-shared isoform-specific contributions in maintaining the proper integrity of the kinetochore ensemble. Consequently, Bmh mutant cells exhibited perturbations in kinetochore–microtubule (KT–MT) dynamics, characterized by kinetochore declustering, mis-localization of kinetochore proteins and Mad2-mediated transient G2/M arrest. These defects also caused an asynchronous chromosome congression in bmh mutants during metaphase. In summary, this report advances the knowledge on contributions of budding yeast 14-3-3 proteins in chromosome segregation by demonstrating their roles in kinetochore integrity and chromosome congression.
Gekko gecko as a model organism for understanding aspects of laryngeal vocal evolution
Authors: Gutjahr Ruth , Kéver Loïc , Jonsson Thorin , Talamantes Ontiveros Daniela , Chagnaud Boris P. , Herrel Anthony
Published: July 2024

The ability to communicate through vocalization plays a key role in the survival of animals across all vertebrate groups. Although avian reptiles have received much attention relating to their stunning sound repertoire, non-avian reptiles have been wrongfully assumed to have less elaborate vocalization types, and little is known about the biomechanics of sound production and their underlying neural pathways in this group. We investigated alarm calls of Gekko gecko using audio and cineradiographic recordings. Acoustic analysis revealed three distinct call types: a sinusoidal call type (type 1); a train-like call type, characterized by distinct pulse trains (type 3); and an intermediate type, which showed both sinusoidal and pulse train components (type 2). Kinematic analysis of cineradiographic recordings showed that laryngeal movements differ significantly between respiratory and vocal behavior. During respiration, animals repeatedly moved their jaws to partially open their mouths, which was accompanied by small glottal movements. During vocalization, the glottis was pulled back, contrasting with what has previously been reported. In vitro retrograde tracing of the nerve innervating the laryngeal constrictor and dilator muscles revealed round to fusiform motoneurons in the hindbrain–spinal cord transition ipsilateral to the labeled nerve. Taken together, our observations provide insight into the alarm calls generated by G. gecko, the biomechanics of this sound generation and the underlying organization of motoneurons involved in the generation of vocalizations. Our observations suggest that G. gecko may be an excellent non-avian reptile model organism for enhancing our understanding of the evolution of vertebrate vocalization.
The present and future of prostate cancer. The importance of physical activity - a comprehensive review of the literature
Authors: Kucharski Tomasz , Gmitrzuk Julita , Malinka Zuzanna , Wiśniewska Katarzyna , Jachymek Anna , Opatowska Martyna , Jakubiec Joanna , Piotrowska Marta
Published: July 2024

Introduction: Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies affecting men worldwide, which poses a serious health risk due to its high incidence and impact on quality of life. Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of this condition, the management of advanced and aggressive forms of the disease remains complex.
Aim of the Study: The aim of this study is to review current diagnostic methods, treatment strategies and prognostic factors in prostate cancer, that a particular focus on personalized medicine and multidisciplinary approaches to improve patient outcomes.
Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed sources and other scientific databases, focusing on currently available publications. The literature available in the PubMed database was reviewed using the following keywords: “prostate cancer” “prostate cancer diagnosis”, “prostate cancer treatment”, “personalized medicine for prostate cancer”, “physical activity in prostate cancer”. The review included studies on prostate cancer epidemiology, pathogenesis, advances in diagnosis, treatment, physical activity and future research directions.
Conclusions: Advances in diagnostic technologies and emerging new therapies have significantly improved the prognosis for patients with prostate cancer. However, continued research and commitment to personalized treatment strategies are essential to meet the challenges of advanced disease. Multidisciplinary collaboration and patient-centered care remain key to optimizing outcomes and improving quality of life for prostate cancer patients.
Obesity as a civilization threat of the XXI century. The Impact of obesity on individual functions of human organ systems
Authors: Warno Martyna , Maj Adrian
Published: July 2024

Over time, obesity has become one of the most serious health problems facing contemporary society, posing a significant threat to public health. With the advancement of civilization and changes in people's lifestyles, obesity rates have increased worldwide, presenting us with challenges in terms of health and social well-being. Obesity, far exceeding a mere issue of physical appearance, carries serious health consequences for both individuals and entire societies. This publication aims to delve into the issue of obesity as a key factor affecting public health in the 21st century. The impact of obesity on individual organ systems will be analyzed, with particular emphasis on its adverse effects on the functioning of these systems.
Autoimmune pancreatitis type 1 and type 2: what we know so far
Authors: Piotrowska Marta , Gmitrzuk Julita , Malinka Zuzanna , Wiśniewska Katarzyna , Jachymek Anna , Opatowska Martyna , Jakubiec Joanna , Kucharski Tomasz
Published: July 2024

Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a unique form of chronic pancreatitis characterized by lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, pancreatic fibrosis, and responsiveness to steroid therapy. It is classified into two histological subtypes: Type 1 (Lymphoplasmacytic Sclerosing Pancreatitis, LPSP) and Type 2 (Idiopathic Duct-centric Pancreatitis, IDCP). Type 1 AIP, associated with IgG4-related disease, typically affects older males and often involves other organs, whereas Type 2 AIP, more common in younger patients and linked to inflammatory bowel diseases, is limited to the pancreas. Diagnosis, which differentiates AIP from pancreatic cancer, relies on histopathology, imaging, serology, organ involvement, and steroid responsiveness, guided by the Mayo Clinic HISORt and International Consensus Diagnostic Criteria (ICDC).
The pathogenesis of AIP involves complex immunological, genetic, and environmental factors, with Type 1 characterized by IgG4-producing plasma cells and Type 2 by granulocytic infiltration. Treatment predominantly involves corticosteroids, effective for both types but with a higher relapse rate in Type 2, necessitating long-term immunosuppressive therapies such as azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, and rituximab. Emerging biological therapies targeting specific immune pathways show promise.
This review highlights the clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, pathophysiology, and therapeutic approaches for AIP, emphasizing the need for ongoing research to improve diagnostic accuracy and develop more effective, targeted treatments.
RECONSTRUCCIÓN DE LA GUERRA CHICHIMECA Y SUS EFECTOS EN EL MAPA DE SAN MIGUEL Y SAN FELIPE DE LOS CHICHIMECAS.
Authors: Puig Carrasco Alberto
Published: July 2024

Este trabajo analiza un caso particular de los mapas de las Relaciones Geográficas de 1577 perteneciente a la región cultural Chichimeca, al norte del virreinato de Nueva España. El análisis que se ha llevado a cabo parte de la metodología de reconstrucción del paisaje y análisis interno del documento para, de esta forma, explicar pormenorizadamente los distintos elementos correspondientes a la Historia Militar en el documento, así como su explicación y contextualización dentro del conflicto que se desarrolló entre 1550-1600.
New records of rodent hosts for hard ticks in tropical forests of Yucatán, México: Implications for tick-borne diseases in human-modified landscapes
Authors: Palomo-Arjona Eduardo E. , Rodríguez-Luna César R. , Ibarra-López Martha P. , Aguilar-Domínguez Mariel , Dzul-Rosado Karla R. , Ibarra-Cerdeña Carlos N.
Published: July 2024

Los roedores son reservorios de hasta 85 patógenos zoonóticos, algunos transmitidos por garrapatas.  En la Península de Yucatán, México, garrapatas de los géneros Amblyomma e Ixodes están asociadas a 4 especies de roedores.  Aquí presentamos nuevos registros de roedores hospederos para garrapatas de estos géneros en Yucatán.  Entre junio 2021–marzo 2022, se utilizaron trampas Sherman para la captura de roedores en la Reserva Estatal Biocultural del Puuc, Yucatán, México.  Se establecieron 12 cuadrantes de 50 trampas en sitios con diferente nivel de intervención antrópica.  Los roedores fueron inspeccionados por ectoparásitos y las garrapatas fueron colectadas usando pinzas entomológicas y preservadas en etanol al 70 %.  Capturamos 160 individuos de 6 especies de roedores en 5,400 noches/trampa.  Las especies más capturadas fueron Heteromys gaumeri (n = 60) y Sigmodon toltecus (n = 44), y la menos representada fue Handleyomys rostratus (n = 1).  Recuperamos 492 garrapatas identificando a Amblyomma mixtum, parasitando a H. rostratus, H. gaumeri y S. toltecus; Ixodes cf. Ixodes affinis, parasitando a H. gaumeri e Ixodes sp. parasitando a S. toltecus.  Reportamos, por primera vez en México, a H. rostratus y S. toltecus como hospederos de garrapatas de Amblyomma mixtum, y el primer registro de Ixodes cf. Ixodes affinis en H. gaumeri e Ixodes sp. en S. toltecus en la Península de Yucatán.  La presencia de garrapatas vectores de patógenos zoonóticos entre roedores reservorios refleja el riesgo latente de propagación de enfermedades hacia el ser humano y sus animales domésticos en la región.
Equine emergencies: the role of the registered veterinary nurse
Authors: Rippingale Marie
Published: July 2024

Equine patients commonly require the provision of first aid and emergency veterinary treatment because of their nature and use in equestrian sport. This article discusses the role that registered veterinary nurses can play in preparing for and assisting with emergency veterinary care of equine patients. Areas discussed include the principles of first aid, emergency veterinary treatment, triage, appropriate Schedule 3 procedures, client communication and health and safety. Registered veterinary nurses are valuable members of the veterinary team, and can adapt and apply their skill set to equine emergencies to ensure excellent standards of patient care.
Highly Chiral Exceptional Point in Coupled Resonators Perturbed by Nanoscatterers
Authors: Ramezanpour Shahab
Published: July 2024

With employing strong chirality in an optical system, the direction of light propagation can be controlled and subwavelengh particles can be detected. Here, we show that different kind of chiral Exceptional Point (EP) with high (spatial) chirality, can appear in a coupled resonator perturbed by nanoscatterers, in which both of distance and position of the scatterers can be tuned. We achieve strong chiral EP in two different distances between the resonators, with chirality around 0.99, in the both cases. Besides, chiral EP associated to the higher harmonic whispering gallery mode (WGM) is achieved, with chirality around 0.95. We also investigate
interaction of particles with same and different spin of light, which can mimic the spin-up and spin-down of electrons in quantum mechanics. The proposed device provides a tunable scheme to achieve high directionality of different cavity modes by incorporating one or more nanoscatteres.
With incorporating more than one tunable mechanisms such as nanoscatterers, nonlinearity, and time-moulation, simultaneously, the conventional limitations in chirality and sensitivity may be surpassed, in the presence of unwanted imperfections of fabrication and noisy environment.
Effect of accelerated postoperative rehabilitation after tibial tubercle distalisation: A randomised controlled trial protocol
Authors: Rahnel Timo , Weitz Frederick K. , Mattila Ville M. , Reito Aleksi , Nilkku Erkki , Launonen Antti P. , Sillanpää Petri J.
Published: July 2024

Patella alta is a clinical condition where the patella is positioned too proximal in relation to the femoral trochlea. Such an abnormality may cause patellar instability and predispose to recurrent patellofemoral dislocations and patellofemoral pain. There are no conclusive guidelines for determining a threshold for too high positioned patella, as several different methods have been described to measure patellar height. As a surgical solution, distalising tibial tubercle osteotomy has been described to correct excessive patellar height. In the early phase of the distalising tibial tubercle osteotomy postoperative protocol, weightbearing and knee flexion are limited with a brace commonly for 4–8 weeks to avoid potential implant failure leading to displacement of the osteotomy or non-union. The potential risks for adverse effects associated with the limitation rehabilitation protocol include a delay in regaining knee range of motion, stiffness and muscle weakness. As a result, recovery from surgery is delayed and may lead to additional procedures and long-term morbidity in knee function. This is a prospective, randomised, controlled, single-blinded, single centre trial comparing a novel accelerated rehabilitation protocol with the traditional, motion restricting rehabilitation protocol. All skeletally mature patients aged 35 years and younger, referred to as the distalising tibial tubercle osteotomy procedure group, are eligible for inclusion in the study. Patients will be randomised to either the fast rehabilitation group or the traditional rehabilitation group. Patients with patellar instability will be additionally treated with medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction. The hypothesis of the trial is that the novel accelerated rehabilitation protocol will lead to faster recovery and improved functional outcome at 6, 12 and 24 weeks compared with the conservative rehabilitation protocol. A secondary hypothesis is that the complication rate will be similar in both groups. The study will document short-term recovery and the planned follow-up will be 3 years. After the 1-year follow-up, the trial results will be disseminated in a major peer-reviewed orthopaedic publication. Protocol version 3.6, date 28/11/2023.
The antimicrobial activity of an antiseptic soap against Candida Albicans and Streptococcus Mutans single and dual-species biofilms on denture base and reline acrylic resins
Authors: Tasso Camilla Olga , Ribeiro Ribas Beatriz , Morandin Ferrisse Túlio , Silva de Oliveira Jonatas , Jorge Janaina Habib
Published: July 2024

To evaluate the effect of antiseptic soap on single and dual-species biofilms of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans on denture base and reline resins. Samples of the resins were distributed into groups (n = 9) according to the prevention or disinfection protocols. In the prevention protocol, samples were immersed in the solutions (Lifebuoy, 0.5% sodium hypochlorite solution and PBS) for 7, 14 and 28 days before the single and dual-species biofilms formation. Overnight denture disinfection was simulated. In the disinfection protocol, samples were immersed in the same solutions during 8 hours after the single and dual-species biofilms formation. Antimicrobial activity was analyzed by counting colony-forming units (CFU/mL) and evaluating cell metabolism. Cell viability and protein components of the biofilm matrix were evaluated using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Data were submitted to ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s post-test (α = 0.05) or Dunnett’s T3 multiple comparisons test. In the prevention protocol, Lifebuoy solution effectively reduced the number of CFU/mL of both species. In addition, the solution decreased the cell metabolism of the microorganisms. Regarding disinfection protocol, the Lifebuoy solution was able of reduce approximately of 2–3 logs for all the biofilms on the denture base and reline resin. Cellular metabolism was also reduced. The images obtained with CLSM corroborate these results. Lifebuoy solution was effective in reducing single and dual-species biofilms on denture base and reline resins.
Therapeutic potential of salidroside in type I diabetic erectile dysfunction: Attenuation of oxidative stress and apoptosis via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway
Authors: Li Zhenghao , Jia Bin , Guo Zhongkai , Zhang Keqin , Zhao Danfeng , Li Ziheng , Fu Qiang
Published: July 2024

The primary objective of this work was to delve into the potential therapeutic advantages and dissect the molecular mechanisms of salidroside in enhancing erectile function in rats afflicted with diabetic microvascular erectile dysfunction (DMED), addressing both the whole-animal and cellular dimensions.We established a DMED model in Sprague‒Dawley (SD) rats and conducted in vivo experiments. The DMED rats were administered varying doses of salidroside, the effects of which on DMED were compared. Erectile function was evaluated by applying electrical stimulation to the cavernous nerves and measuring intracavernous pressure in real time. The penile tissue underwent histological examination and Western blotting. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was employed in the in vitro trial to induce an oxidative stress for the purpose of identifying alterations in cell viability. The CCK-8 assay was used to measure the viability of corpus cavernous smooth muscle cells (CCSMCs) treated with vs. without salidroside. Flow cytometry was utilized to detect alterations in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Apoptosis was assessed through Western blotting and TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling (TUNEL). Animal and cellular experiments indicate that the Nrf2/HO-1 signalling pathway may be upregulated by salidroside, leading to the improvement of erectile function in diabetic male rats by alleviating oxidative stress and reducing apoptosis in corpus cavernosum tissue.
Práticas biopolíticas no governo da infância: dos manuais DSM às comunidades biossociais de redes sociais virtuais – análise do Facebook
Authors: Rático de Quadros Daniela Cristina , Saliba Manske George , Caponi Sandra
Published: July 2024

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi compreender como os enunciados presentes no DSM-V e em discursos científicos do campo biomédico se reorganizam e sustentam estratégias biopolíticas de medicalização da infância em postagens de comunidades virtuais da rede social Facebook. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, realizada através de uma etnografia virtual nas mídias sociais em grupos de comunidades de pais de crianças diagnosticadas com TDAH, na plataforma Facebook, tendo como viés analítico a análise de discurso de Michel Foucault. Os resultados apontam que o risco possibilita prever e controlar eventos relacionados a infância antes mesmo que se agravem, de modo que a psiquiatria apresenta uma habilidade de agir antes que o “pior” aconteça, como as doenças mentais do desenvolvimento, patologias que surgem na infância com sintomas subclínicos, transtornos de aprendizagem ou comportamento, que podem vir a agravar-se no futuro.
The Impact of DCISionRT Versus Clinicopathologic Factors Alone in Predicting Benefit of Radiation
Authors: Bajaj Amishi ,   Northwestern Medicine Proton Center and Warrenville Cancer Center
Published: July 2024

With the implementation of the DCISionRT (PreludeDx, Laguna Hills, CA) 7-gene biosignature into clinical practice, radiation oncologists are now able to provide patients with DCIS more personalized treatment recommendations regarding pursuing adjuvant radiation treatment or omitting, as the DCISionRT clinicogenomic biosignature is both prognostic for recurrence risk after breast-conserving surgery as well as predictive for benefit of radiation treatment.
A globális kereskedelem dinamikája: Mexikó hatása az USA gazdaságára
Authors: Fernandez Saralegui Clara
Published: July 2024

2023-as híradások szerint az USA-ba áramló mexikói export 4,6%-kal növekedett, miközben a kínai export 20%-kal csökkent az előző évhez képest. Mexikó Kanadával és az Egyesült Államokkal együtt a T-MEC szabadkereskedelmi megállapodás résztvevője, ami nem csak termékeny, hanem biztonságos pálya is, távol Kínától.
Hollandia kihívásai a külföldi diákok integrációjában
Authors: Kenéz Dávid
Published: July 2024

A „nemzetköziesedés” folyamata az egyetemeken hozzájárul az ösztönző tanulmányi légkörhöz, a nemzetközi tudományos fejlődéshez való szoros kapcsolódáshoz és a tehetséges új szakemberek munkaerőpiacra való megfelelő áramlásához. Ugyanakkor Hollandia az utóbbi években kezdett rájönni, hogy a nemzetközivé váláshoz több kell, mint angol nyelvű diplomák kínálása. A holland hallgatók nem mindig olyan magabiztosak az angoltudásukban, mint ahogyan azt az intézmények vezetői gondolták, míg sok külföldi hallgató nem számít arra, hogy a magukat nemzetközinek feltüntető intézményekben hollandul is meg kellene tanulniuk. Az amszterdami tapasztalataim és ismerőseim beszámolói alapján igazolni tudom, hogy bár a hollandok általában nyitottak, kifejezetten kevésbé hajlandóak keveredni a külföldiekkel.
Nonendoscopic Screening for Barrett's Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma in At-Risk Veterans
Authors: Greer Katarina B. , Blum Andrew E. , Faulx Ashley L. , Deming Erica M. , Hricik Lauren L. , Siddiqui Hinnah , Wilson Brigid M. , Chak Amitabh
Published: July 2024

INTRODUCTION:

Although rates of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) in the United States continue to rise, many patients at risk of disease are not screened. EsoCheck (EC), a nonendoscopic esophageal balloon sampling device coupled with EsoGuard (EG), a DNA-based screening assay, is an US Food and Drug Administration-approved minimally invasive alternative to the traditional screening method of upper endoscopy. The objective of this study was to prospectively determine the diagnostic accuracy, tolerance, and acceptability of the EC/EG test in a screening population.

METHODS:

We recruited veterans who met the American College of Gastroenterology Guideline criteria for endoscopic Barrett's esophagus (BE) and EAC screening at the Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center. All study participants completed unsedated EC-guided distal esophageal sampling followed by a sedated esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Diagnostic yield of the EG assay and EGD was recorded and used in calculation of sensitivity and specificity of EC/EG in prospective screening. The abbreviated Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory questionnaire was administered before and after completion of EC. Overall tolerance of EC sampling was evaluated on a 10-point Likert scale.

RESULTS:

Esophageal cancer screening was accepted by 130 of 782 eligible veterans (16.6%), and we analyzed results of those who completed both screening tests (N = 124). Prevalence of BE/EAC among studied veterans was 12.9% (16/124), based on EGD. Sensitivity and specificity of EC/EG for EGD-detected BE/EAC were 92.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] 66.1–99.8) and 72.2% (95% CI 62.1–80.8), respectively. Positive and negative predictive values were 32.5% (95% CI 18.6–49.1) and 98.6% (95% CI 92.4–100), respectively. Baseline Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-6 scores were reflective of notable levels of anxiety among veterans in the periprocedural setting. The mean postprocedure acceptability score for the EC test was 7.23 (SD 2.45).

DISCUSSION:

Our data suggest excellent sensitivity and negative predictive value of EC/EG in a screening population of veterans, making this modality a powerful screening tool for BE and EAC.
Prague postal time service: clock and sirens – improbable connection
Authors: Hrtus Martin Dominik
Published: July 2024

The goal of this paper is to present the origin, development, and technical parameters of the Postal Time Service, which was established in the capital of Czechoslovakia – Prague, gradually in the years 1933–1935. It also examines the options for determining “public time” in the period before the establishment of this service. In the second part, the text deals with the question of the use of the Postal Time Service infrastructure as an essential part of the air raid alarm siren system. The emergence of this system will be set in the broader context of the deteriorating security and political situation in Central Europe in the second half of the 1930s. In addition to the technical aspects of the warning system itself, the text will also introduce its author, Prof. František Rieger of the College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering of the Czech Technical University in Prague, and the practical tests of the device, which took place in 1936 and 1937.
RISK ANALYSIS OF BLACK TEA PRODUCTION AT PTPN IV BAH BUTONG SIMALUNGUN REGENCY
Authors: Christy Yohana , Roessali Wiludjeng , Nurfadillah Suryani
Published: July 2024

Tea production in Indonesia is experiencing fluctuations. These conditions cause losses, so the company needs to handle the risks that occur. This study aims to analyze the risk level of black tea production, the incidence and risk agents as well as the risk management strategy of black tea production. This research was conducted in September-October 2021 at PTPN IV Bah Butong, Simalungun Regency. Location determination is carried out purposively with consideration as a producer of tea production. The research method used is a case study. The sampling method uses judgement sampling. Observation and interview data collection techniques. Data analysis using the Coefficient of Variation (CV) and the House of Risk (HoR) method. The results showed that the risk at PTPN IV Bah Butong was relatively high with a CV of 22.46% and fluctuating. The identification results found 8 risk events, namely fluctuation of tea production, quantity and quality tea leaves is low, tea leaves are scattered, low quantity and quality dry tea, delays in the production process, there are weeds and twigs, as well as 16 sources of risk, namely extreme weather, leaves attacked by pests, attacks of smallpox and helopeltis, pest management diseases are less than optimal, less attention to the picking cycle, limited fertilizer and application delays, non-uniform harvesting, less clean leaf sorting, insufficient withering, human error, scattered dry tea, malfunctions of the hauling machine, picking and transportation. The identification results found 8 handling strategies to minimize losses due to emerging risks.
Expression Levels of Elastin and Related Genes in Human Varicose Veins
Authors: Görmüş U. , Ti̇mi̇rci̇-Kahraman Ö. , Ergen A. , Kunt A. T. , İsbi̇r S. , Dalan A. B. , İsbi̇r Turgay
Published: July 2024

Among the suspected reasons for varicose vein formation are changes in the quantity and content of the elastin protein; however, comprehensive investigations about elastin assembly in varicose vein formation are yet lacking. In this study, we aimed to determine the changes in mRNA levels of elastin and some of its functionally related proteins, fibulin 5, LOXL-1, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in varicose vein formation. We analysed the mRNA levels of elastin, fibulin-5, LOXL1, MMP2 and MMP9 in samples of 35 healthy and 35 varicose great saphenous vein tissues. mRNA levels of these genes were determined by using real-time PCR and normalized with HPRT1. When we compared the patient and control groups, elastin mRNA levels were significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group (P = 0.047), although there were no significant differences in fibulin 5, LOXL1, MMP2 and MMP9 mRNA levels between the patient and control groups. We showed that up-regulation of MMP2 mRNA expression was significantly correlated with hyperlipidaemia (P = 0.029). The up-regulation of elastin expression may play an important role in the pathogenesis of primary varicose veins. Additionally, the up-regulation of MMP2 expression was strongly correlated with hyperlipidaemia in varicose veins.
Problem podmiotowości prawnej spółki komandytowo-akcyjnej w organizacji
Authors: Adamus Rafał
Published: July 2024

Niniejszy artykuł jest krytyczną analizą – przyjmowanej przez większość doktryny – koncepcji braku podmiotowości prawnej przedspółki komandytowo-akcyjnej (spółki w organizacji). Koncepcja ta jest nieefektywna ekonomicznie, zwłaszcza w przypadku wnoszenia do takiej spółki „skomplikowanych” wkładów, co uzasadnia jej krytykę i poszukiwanie innego rozwiązania. Celem niniejszego opracowania jest zatem zaprezentowanie rozwiązania odpowiadającego ekonomicznej analizie prawa. W ramach podjętych badań w niniejszym opracowaniu wskazano na istotę spółki handlowej w organizacji, różnice pomiędzy spółkami kapitałowymi w organizacji a spółkami osobowymi w organizacji. Przedstawiono podmiotowość prawną w spółce kapitałowej w organizacji jako efekt pewnej potrzeby ewolucyjnej dla spółek kapitałowych. Podkreślono szczególny rodzaj spółki komandytowo-akcyjnej, w szczególności jej mieszany osobowo-kapitałowy charakter. Zwrócono uwagę na okoliczność wnoszenia wkładów do tej przedspółki, takich jak na przykład nieruchomości czy przedsiębiorstwo. Koncepcja podmiotowości prawnej przedspółki w organizacji, to najlepszy standard dla przyjmowania wkładów i administrowania nimi. Jeżeli spółka akcyjna w organizacji korzysta ze specjalnych ułatwień prawnych, to spółka komandytowo-akcyjna w organizacji, w podobny sposób przyjmująca wkłady na kapitał zakładowy, również powinna korzystać z tych szczególnych ułatwień. Standard prawny wkładów wnoszonych do obu wymienionych typów spółek jest taki sam. Prezentowana koncepcja nie oznacza postulatu otwarcia podmiotowości prawnej dla innych typów spółek osobowych w organizacji. Norma odsłaniająca z art 126 k.s.h. pozwala na odpowiednią interpretację, w wyniku której do spółki komandytowo-akcyjnej znajdzie zastosowanie przepis art. 11 k.s.h. Opracowanie zakończono sformułowaniem pewnych wniosków de lege ferenda.
Hindsight bias and the practice of arrests in Poland
Authors: Janusz-Pohl Barbara , Wawrzyńczak Michał
Published: July 2024

This comparative study deals with the various forms of arrest in the Polish criminal law system. The authors used the dogmatic-legal and comparative methods, and applied the empirical method in several case studies. The background of the considerations is the proposal of a typology of procedural arrests, based on the Code of Criminal Procedure and non-procedural arrests, based on special laws. The main subject of consideration is the risk of instrumentalization of arrest, which can be considered at several levels: structural, concerning the abuse of the grounds for arrest, and peri-arrest activities (such as informing and questioning the detained person). Within these are three risks of instrumentalization: abuse of the law sensu stricto, sensu largo, and violation of law. Hindsight bias helps to understand the risk of the instrumental application of the law. If the law poses a severe risk of instrumentalization, it must be changed. The authors conclude that the Polish legislator ignores these risks until the law is misapplied. Instead, a proper diagnosis of risks should lead to legislative amendments. The authors propose that mandatory recordings of actions should be introduced. To further strengthen the right to defence, the authors propose changes to the sequence of actions (peri-arrest activities), especially regarding the hearing of the arrested person. Moreover, there is doubt about the standards for applying non-procedural arrests, where the general rules of the Code of Criminal Procedure should apply. Still, the diverse status of the bodies authorized to carry out such actions is a factor that increases the risk of instrumentalization.
O uznawaniu i wykonywaniu zagranicznych orzeczeń sądowych w sprawach cywilnych i handlowych
Authors: Mataczyński Maciej
Published: July 2024

Inspiracją tego artykułu recenzyjnego jest monografia The HCCH 2019 Judgments Convention: Cornerstones, Prospects, Outlook pod redakcją Matthiasa Wellera, João Ribeiro-Bidaoui, Moritza Brinkmanna i Niny Dethloff (Hart Publishing, 2023). Została ona zaprezentowana podczas konferencji naukowej pod tym samym tytułem, zorganizowanej w dniach 9–10 czerwca 2023 r. w Bonn. Poświęcona jest Konwencji o uznawaniu i wykonywaniu zagranicznych orzeczeń sądowych w sprawach cywilnych i handlowych zawartej 2 lipca 2019 r. pod auspicjami Haskiej Konferencji Prawa Prywatnego Międzynarodowego (HCCH). Książka została opublikowana w cztery lata po uchwaleniu Konwencji i krótko przed jej wejściem w życie 1 września 2023 r. Konwencja haska z 2019 r. jest częścią wielkiego przedsięwzięcia unifikacji międzynarodowej procedury cywilnej, realizowanego od ponad półwiecza w ramach HCCH, w szczególności problematyki jurysdykcji, uznawania i wykonywania zagranicznych orzeczeń sądowych. Ideą prawników zrzeszonych w HCCH było stworzenie powszechnej konwencji na kształt reżimu unijnego obowiązującego na podstawie rozporządzeń Bruksela I oraz Bruksela I (recast). Monografia stanowi inspirację do szerszych rozważań o procesie unifikacji prawa w skali międzynarodowej oraz roli, jaką odgrywają w nim przedstawiciele doktryny i organizacje międzyrządowe. Przedmiotem pogłębionej analizy są wybrane postanowienia umowy międzynarodowej ilustrujące najnowsze trendy w światowej praktyce konwencyjnej (np. tzw. bilateralizacja wielostronnych umów międzynarodowych).
Hydrodynamic study of a flow-rig column by means of a radiotracer technique modelling with DTS-Pro 4
Authors: Bounemia Louisa , Benazzouz Chaouki , Belamri Mouhamed
Published: July 2024

The residence time distribution (RTD) is very reliable, providing valuable information about the performance of process equipment such as reactors and columns. The aim of this work is to study the effect of agitation in the hydrodynamic column of flow-rig. In this case, residence time distribution (RTD) is determined using the radiotracer approach. The radiotracer is the Technetium Tc-99m with half decay 6 h. It also emits gamma rays with an energy of 0.140 MeV. 2 mL of approximately 9 mCi activity Tc-99m was injected inside the column. The results show that in the conditions studied the column presents the anomaly, dead volume. The Intensity function A(t) confirms this result. Agitation has a beneficial effect in the reduction of dead volume. To revise the conception of the column or study other parameters like the variation flow rate can reduce or eliminate the dead volume. The RTD model indicated the column behaved as a Plug flow reactor (PFR) with mixing cells in serie (J = 4) model and the RTD experiment verified the model well.
Bioresin based hybrid green composite preparation using Holoptelea integrifolia fibers reinforced by Ziziphus jujuba seed particles: a fuzzy logic assisted optimization of mechanical behaviour
Authors: Kandavalli Sumanth Ratna , Sundramurthy Venkatesa Prabhu , Krishnasamy Vimala Devi , Prasad Goli Naga Raja , Kasi Uday Kiran , Rajesh Sudhakar , Rajesh Kumar Balaganesh , Selvaraju Mayakannan , Kadaikunnan Shine , Khaled Jamal M.
Published: July 2024

In recent years, hybrid natural fiber–reinforced composites prepared by bio-based epoxy resin (BBER) have gained extensive usage due to their exceptional specific strength. Researchers have looked at natural fibre/BBER composites because of the vast array of technical uses for these materials. Experimenting with various composition combinations of hybrid natural fiber composites to improve their mechanical properties requires a significant amount of resources. The purpose of this research was to develop and evaluate a tannic acid (TA) – based bio-based epoxy resin (BBER). The synthesized BBER was analyzed using FTIR spectroscopy. The bio-resin’s thermal characteristics were assessed using TGA, DSC, and OIT studies. Further, this study investigated the mechanical characteristics of hybrid composites prepared by Holoptelea integrifolia (HIBF) bark fibre reinforced with Ziziphus jujuba Seed Particles (ZJSP) which was manufactured using BBER. In the present study, a full factorial design was used to conduct experiments, which included three variables: the percentage of HIBF fibre by weight, the particle size of ZJSP, and the percentage of ZJSP by weight. The experimental results from the mechanical evaluation of the hybrid HIBF/ZJSP using BBER composites are then used to develop a fuzzy model that predicts mechanical parameters such as tensile strength (TS), flexural strength (FS), and impact strength (IS). An accurate prediction of the mechanical characteristics of hybridized composites made by the fuzzy model owing to the membership functions that were built. To further validate the fuzzy model, a set of tests utilising test cases were conducted. The model’s accuracy in predicting the mechanical characteristics of hybrid composites was determined to be 87 % based on the outcomes of the test cases.