bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Decision support system for WWER-1000 reactivity management
Authors: Kolomiets M A , Lapkis A A , Tsuverkalova O F
Published: April 2020

The article describes the developed software for automating operational calculations of reactivity changes of the water-water energetic reactor (WWER-1000). The main calculation dependencies, screen forms and test results on the Rostov nuclear power plant (Rostov NPP) are given. The calculation accuracy increase is shown.
Access Control System with the Authentication Mechanism Implementation using Artificial Neural Network
Authors: Belova Ye P , Mashkina I V
Published: April 2020

Biometric access control system is presently one of the innovative Information Security (IS) technologies. The article shows a possibility to use this technology to control logical access as well as the technologies provided to administrator-users of Information Systems (IS). A method to compare biometric data of users who have administrator rights is proposed. Individuals’ unique voice parameters and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) lay behind this method. The paper considers the specific ANN learning issues to solve the challenge over storing biometric patterns of users and authenticating them by values of the fourth formant characteristics as regard to the selected vowel phonemes as well as by additional voice qualities. The first and second type recognition errors are estimated. The architecture of the user authentication and authorization system that implements the method to monitor administrator-users of information systems has been designed.
Intelligent system of planning support and project management
Authors: Piskarev A , Zarikovskaya N
Published: April 2020

The article describes implementation of an intelligent system that aims to solving planning and project management tasks. There are neuromorphic algorithms and deep machine learning in the solution’s fundament. Also there is a description of the developed product and its characteristics, as well as its component implementation scheme is considered.
Active-pulse television measuring systems images space-time filtration by range
Authors: Kapustin V , Movchan A , Kuryachiy M , Chaldina E
Published: April 2020

The paper proposes an approach for visualizing objects on images obtained with active-pulse television measuring systems (AP TMS) by range. The calculation of the AP TMS active vision area shape allows getting data of the light energy distribution inside the active vision area. To distinguish the object of interest on the video frame, an inter-frame difference of several frames obtained with different gating delays can be found. The equation of inter-frame difference for three frames is proposed. The difference simulation for three active vision areas was performed. To test the method of images space-time filtration by range, we used images obtained as a result of experimental studies conducted using large aerosol chamber of the V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science (IAO SB RAS). In order to conduct the experiment video frames obtained under conditions of normal transparency of the propagation medium at different gating delays of the image intensifier tube (IIT) were taken. During the experiment, an image of the measuring table located at a distance of 15 m was distinguished, and the remaining objects located in the system’s field of view were successfully removed using space-time filtration. Removing of the “unwanted” information from images will increase the compression ratio and speed up the algorithms for further processing.The results obtained in this paper contribute to a more efficient use of the AP TMS for the purpose of detection and recognition of the objects under various conditions of visibility.
Urbanization alters rainfall extremes over the contiguous United States
Authors: Singh Jitendra , Karmakar Subhankar , PaiMazumder Debasish , Ghosh Subimal , Niyogi Dev
Published: April 2020

Anthropogenic changes are likely to intensify rainfall extremes, posing a risk to human, environmental and urban systems. Understanding the impact of urbanization on rainfall extremes is critical for both reliable climate projections as well as sustainable urban development. This study presents the unexplored impacts of changes arising in urban areas on rainfall extremes over the Contiguous United States. The results show a 2.7-fold higher probability of exceeding a 25% change in 50 year rainfall events over urban areas than over rural areas. Spatially, the changes in rainfall extremes over the central, northeast central, southeast, and northwest central zones were more pronounced due to urbanization. Statistical analyses highlight a positive relationship between changes in rainfall extremes and urbanization within a set of concentric ring buffers around rain gauge stations. Here, we show that urbanization, even though a local feature, influences the mesoscale meteorological setting; and, is statistically associated with an intensification of rainfall extremes across the Contiguous United States.
Water quality trends under rapid agricultural expansion and enhanced in-stream interception in a hilly watershed of Eastern China
Authors: Zhang Wangshou , Li Hengpeng , Hyndman David W. , Diao Yaqin , Geng Jianwei , Pueppke Steven G
Published: April 2020

Conflicts between agricultural intensification and the increasing demand for clean water resources are growing worldwide. This study sought to understand how the negative consequences of agricultural expansion in fragile hilly watersheds can be mitigated by ecologically based engineering practices. We analyzed long-term and seasonal water quality trends in two sub-watersheds of the Tianmu Lake watershed in Eastern China. The Zhongtian and nearby Zhucao sub-watersheds are very similar in terms of climate, topography and other features that can influence water quality. Both are experiencing rapid expansion of tea plantations, but the Zhongtian River contains an engineered system of overflow dams and cascade wetlands that is absent from the Zhucao River. The multi-year averaged reduction (2009–2018) of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) from upstream to downstream reaches was 10%–15% greater in the engineered Zhongtian River compared to the non-engineered and free flowing Zhucao River, which has no interventions to reduce nutrient concentrations. Average annual reductions in TN, TP, and total suspended solids (SS) downstream of the engineered system reached 0.5%–4.0% of their multi-year averaged concentrations over this time interval. These reductions occurred despite a 2.3-fold expansion of tea plantation area in the engineered watershed, which contrasts with deteriorating water quality in the non-engineered watershed that had a 0.4-fold expansion of tea plantation area. Our results underscore the value of such engineered systems to improve water quality and help reconcile competing advantages of agricultural development and environmental protection in hilly watersheds, where there is limited in-stream processing of nutrients and the effects of human activities are substantial.
Consumer preferences towards Padang Sidempuan and Pondoh snake fruit
Authors: Leonardy H , Rahmanta  , Ayu S F
Published: April 2020

This study is aimed to investigate consumer preferences towards the attribute combination of Padang Sidempuan and Pondoh snake fruit in Medan City, Indonesia, and to analyse the attributes order of Padang Sidempuan and Pondoh snake fruit due to its most important based on consumer preferences. According to the formula for determining sample size for studying preferences, the number of samples obtained for this study is 100 people. The sampling method for this study is the accidental sampling. The study used the conjoint analysis method. In this study, seven attributes that affect size, weight, skin colour, price, and taste, thickness of fruit flesh and thickness of fruit skin were used. The results reveal that Padang Sidempuan and Pondoh snake fruit which became consumer preferences had the same preferences, namely snake fruit with medium size, heavy in weight, blackish brown skin colour, affordable, sweet taste, thick fruit flesh and thin fruit skin. In conclusion, consumers of Padang Sidempuan and Pondoh snake fruit consider the attributes of flavour as the most important factor in making decisions to consume Padang Sidempuan and Pondoh snake fruit.
The economic development of impoverished provinces in Indonesia based on Pajale commodities
Authors: Juhandi D , Enre A
Published: April 2020

Indonesia has several provinces that have relatively high poverty rates. Those provinces are Papua, West Papua, East Nusa Tenggara, Maluku, and Gorontalo. The government through the Ministry of Agriculture issued policy No. 14 of 2015 to accelerate food self-sufficiency. Each province has its own economics potential. So that, it’s necessary to identify the potential food commodities for economic development of those provinces. This research aims (1) to identify potential Pajale commodity of each province with relatively high poverty rates, (2) to analyse specialization and localization of Pajale commodity for each province with relatively high poverty rates, and (3) to analyse the priority of Pajale commodity for economic development with relatively high poverty rates. The data used are secondary data from 2013 - 2017. The result shown that rice and soybean commodities were the basis in each province with relatively high poverty rates while maize being only a commodity base in Gorontalo and East Nusa Tenggara. Pajale commodities are not specialized and concentrated in those provinces. Only maize which become priority for economic development in Gorontalo and East Nusa Tenggara.
Consumer preferences toward local rice in Medan
Authors: Salmiah  , Nauli O , Sihombing L
Published: April 2020

The purposes of this research were to analyse the influence of consumer characteristics and preferences toward local rice buying decision in Medan. The research method used in this study is the conjoint analysis method using 8 attributes of local rice i.e. taste, colour, broken grains, hygiene, flavour, durability, similarity of rice grains, and purchase price per kilograms. The results showed that consumers’ preferences in choosing local rice were attributes and order are tasty local rice, a price level of ≥IDR 12,000/kg, clean local rice, durability of local rice more than 1 month, less broken grains, white bright colour, had a fragrant flavour of rice, the similarity of the local rice are similar. There is a strong relationship between estimation preferences and actual preferences, or high predictive accuracy in the conjoint process means that local rice which is the preference of sample consumers can describe consumer preferences whole (population).
Analysis of value added of Arabica Coffee in Central Aceh Regency (case of Indi Gayo Coffee business unit)
Authors: Nasution W I , Hasyim H , Lubis S N
Published: April 2020

This study aims to compare the value added of Arabica Coffee in the Indi Gayo Coffee business unit in Central Aceh Regency based on post-harvest product variants such as the post-specialty wed hulled variant, honey process variant, natural process variant, premium variant. The results of this study indicate that the value added of the natural process variant in the Indi Gayo Coffee business unit is greater than the specialty wed hulled variant, honey process and premium with value added of 56,371 IDR. However, the biggest profit in the Indi Gayo Coffee business unit is obtained from a premium variant with a total profit of 4,787,698 IDR. The scale of business support that still exists using third parties in production is a factor that influences the value added of processing coffee fruit into ground coffee in the business unit of Indi Gayo Coffee.
Production risk, price and income analysis on shallot hatchery business (Allium cepa var. ascalonicum) (case: Medan Marelan District, Medan City)
Authors: Salmiah  , Sebayang T , Sahir S H , Nadhilah N
Published: April 2020

This research aims to analyse the risk of production, price and income in the business of shallot hatchery in Medan Marelan district, Medan City. The study was carried out on 30 farmers who carried out hatchery cultivation in Medan Marelan district. The research method used to measure the risk of production, price and income uses variety, the standard deviation of the coefficient of variation (K V), and the lower limit of the highest yield. The results showed that the production risk was 0.23, price risk was 0.06 and income risk was 0.33. Production risk is caused by pests, diseases, and erratic weather. Price risk is caused by fluctuating prices. Income risk is caused by the amount of production, fluctuating prices, large farming costs and lack of market demand. The highest risk is income risk, followed by production risk and price risk.
Analysis of demand of papaya fruit in Central Market Medan
Authors: Nasution S P , Siregar R S
Published: April 2020

Market is a meeting place between traders and buyers, so that the process of distributing products and services is often conducted. One of the products sold in the market is papaya fruits. The distribution of papaya is usually conducted directly by the distributors to the traders, so that there are differences in price and demand for papaya fruit sold by these traders to consumers. This research aimed to find out the demand for papaya based on the supply chains in the Central Market, Medan. The market location was determined purposively. The method used was survey using questionnaires to the papaya fruit producers, small traders, large traders, retailers and consumers. The data collected was primary and secondary data then analysed with the descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression methods. Results showed that the demand for papaya in the central market based on the supply chain at the level of small traders was 2 tons/harvest time, at the level of large collectors was 5 tons/harvest time, at the retailer level was 166 kg/day and at the consumer level was 30 kg/month. Partially, the number of dependents, the price of papaya fruit, and the price of other fruits have no significant effect on the demand for papaya fruit in the central Market. The variable that significantly influences was income.
Factors that influence the decision of coffee farmers to take credit in North Sumatra
Authors: Hotmarida S , Ayu S F , Rahmanta
Published: April 2020

Coffee is a national plantation commodity which plays an important role in the Indonesian economy. Capital is a significant issue for smallholder plantations in North Sumatra. The increase in capital is expected to increase coffee production. Capital obtained through credit will meet the need for funds for land preparation, planting, maintenance and harvesting. This study selected 50 respondents consisting of 25 who took credit and 25 farmers who did not take credit. Respondents were chosen purposively, information obtained by interview and using a questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis is used to determine the relationship of the factors analysed in this study and their influence to increase the likelihood of farmers to take credit. The results of the regression analysis showed that the nature of coffee plants, the nature of credit and credit services had a significant effect on the decision of coffee farmers to take credit in North Sumatra, while the personal aspects of farmers did not significantly influence the decisions of coffee farmers in taking credit in North Sumatra.
Analysis of income risk of credit use on Arabica coffee plants in North Sumatra
Authors: Veronica E , Ayu S F , Rahmanta
Published: April 2020

Capital is an important component in Arabica coffee cultivated. Capital is used to meet the costs of caring for coffee plants. Farmers in meeting the need for capital were taking loans by credit. Credit can reduce the risk of income. North Sumatra is one of the Arabica coffee producing provinces in Indonesia. Karo and Dairi Regency are high Arabica coffee producing regions in North Sumatra. The purpose of this research was to analyse the income risk of Arabica coffee credit users in North Sumatra. The research was conducted by interviewing Arabica coffee farmers in Karo and Dairi Regency. The number of respondents was 50 farmers by purposive sampling. The data were analysed by using farm analysis which was then tested by Independent Sample T-Test and risk analysis of coefficient of variation. This research showed that there are differences in average income between credit user farmers and non-credit user farmers. The average income of credit user farmers is 22,418,482 IDR/hectare/year, while the average income of farmers who are not credit user is only 15,153,119 IDR/hectare/year. The risk of income of farmers’ credit user is smaller than farmers’ non-credit user (0.233 < 0.292).
The effect of food commodity price fluctuations on inflation in Pematang Siantar City
Authors: Fadhilah E F , Rahmanta  , Ayu S F
Published: April 2020

The large contribution of inflation in the food group influences the dynamics of economic growth in Indonesia, especially in Pematang Siantar City. The increase in commodity prices causes a decline in the value of the currency so that the purchasing power of society is low. This is because in real terms the level of community income decreases. Thus, the researcher wants to examine the effect of fluctuations in monthly food commodity prices in Pematang Siantar City from January 2013 to December 2017. The analytical tool used is the VAR analysis. The results, it can be concluded that in the short term two variables affect inflation at i.e. inflation and rice. Whereas in the long-term, five variables influence inflation, namely rice, chicken, red chili, cooking oil, eggs, and corn. In the short, medium and long term, a large response to inflation is the red chili difference. Every time a standard deviation occurs, the shock of red chili will be responded to by inflation until it rises 0.164180 (short-term), 0.139068 (medium-term) and 0.139071 (long-term). Then the most dominant in explaining the diversity of inflation is red chili and purebred eggs.
Feasibility analysis of sugar palm (Arenga pinnata Merr) by the people around Batang Gadis National Park area
Authors: Azhar I , Riswan  , Risnasari I , Aulin F R , Muhdi
Published: April 2020

Sugar palm (Arenga pinnata Merr) is a commodity that produces high economic value products and all of its parts can be processed into various food and non-food products. The purpose of this study was to determine and analyse the feasibility of sugar palm businesses in the vicinity of Batang Gadis National Park, in Pastap Julu Village. Analysis of the data in this study is a feasibility of palm sugar business with the indicators of total cost, total revenue and income as well as revenue cost ratio (R/C). The results obtained from this study indicate that the total fixed costs amounted to 4,750,000 IDR and the total variable costs amounted to 740,000 IDR so that the total costs amounted to 5,490,000 IDR. The revenue is 3,120,000 IDR in a month which calculated from the total production of 240 kg palm sugar per month and the price of 13,000 IDR/kg, so that the revenue in the year is 15,600,000 IDR. Then it was concluded that the income received was 10,110,000 IDR and the palm sugar business in Pastap Julu Village was feasible to be developed because the R/C value was 2.84 (more than 1).
The role of institution on corn-based food diversification in Konawe District, Southeast Sulawesi
Authors: Tamburaka I P , Tajuddin  , Apoda
Published: April 2020

This study aims to determine the institutional role of corn-based food diversification in Konawe Regency. This research was conducted in several areas of corn production centres in Konawe District, Consideration of location selection was determined based on the criteria of the largest corn production centre and marketing centres. The number of respondents determined purposively each location, the total number of 80 respondents. Types and sources of data are secondary data and primary data. Qualitative analysis is used to explore the role of community organizations in the application of corn-based food diversification research results to social capital theory. Community group organizations are represented by farmer groups and PKK (family welfare empowering) women groups. The existence of social capital in the two groups is approached through understanding their mindset and actions in every activity carried out in the group. The results of the study concluded that the role of institutions (farmer groups and women’s PKK) on maize processing as an alternative to rice needs to be improved through counselling and assistance from relevant agencies.
The influence of food price fluctuation on inflation in Padang Sidempuan City, North Sumatera Province
Authors: Sitorus R S , Rahmanta  , Ayu S F
Published: April 2020

One contributor to inflation in North Sumatra is food, therefore we need to discuss this topic in North Sumatra Province. This study analyses how the development of the price of food commodities (rice, red chili, cooking oil, broiler chicken eggs, purebred eggs, and corn) in Padang Sidempuan City. The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of fluctuations in the price of food commodities (rice, red chili, cooking oil, broiler chicken, broiler eggs and corn) on inflation in Padang Sidempuan City by using the VAR (Vector Autoregression) method. VAR analysis was conducted to analyse the effect of fluctuations in food commodity prices on inflation in Padang Sidempuan City. In the short term there are only two that are significant at a 5% confidence interval namely D (INF (-1), D (INF (-2)), whereas in the long run, there are four of the six significant variables namely D (BRS (-1), D (MKG (-1), D (DGA (-1), D (TAR (-1), D (JGG (-1)) These variables are said to have a significant effect on inflation in Padang Sidempuan City because of its absolute value The t-statistic variable is greater than the t-table (1.67065).
Interest to continue farming among agricultural students who is a child of a farmer
Authors: Ayu S F , Nauly M
Published: April 2020

This study uses factors of student age, education and experience of farmers, income, size of the farm and type of plants as factors that influence the interests of agricultural students to continue farming. This study uses quantitative data obtained from surveys. Data is collected from 204 respondents and analysed with binary logistic regression model. The variables of parents’ experience in farming, age of the students and type of the plant significantly influence whether or not students are interested in continuing farming. Three other variables, namely income from the farm, sizes of the farm and education or training of the parents related to farming were found to not significantly affect interest in farming.
Comparison of potato marketing performance
Authors: Sitepu I , Sitorus N V , Tobing B E L
Published: April 2020

This study aims to compare the marketing performance of potatoes in Kabanjahe Subdistrict with Tigapanah Subdistrict, Karo District, North Sumatra Province. The data analysis method is tabulated according to its type, namely descriptive, marketing margins, and the farmer’s share. The study was conducted in February-March 2018. The results showed: The Marketing Channel of potato in Kabanjahe Subdistrict consisted of two channels while the Tigapanah Subdistrict consisted of three channels; Marketing margin in Kabanjahe Subdistrict with an average of 1,500.00 IDR compared to Tigapanah Subdistrict with an average of 2,513.33 IDR. The farmer’s share in the Kabanjahe Subdistrict is more efficient which averages 81.25% compared to Tigapanah Subdistrict which averages 71.23%. From this comparison it is expected that farmers, traders and related institutions for targeting potatoes of the Tigapanah sub-district can learn from Kabanjahe sub-district in terms of shortening marketing channels, minimizing marketing margins and increasing farmer’s share.
Analysis of consumer behaviour in purchasing fresh fish in traditional and modern market (case study: Medan Sunggal District, Medan City)
Authors: Siburian E , Ginting M , Salmiah
Published: April 2020

This study aimed to analyse the characteristics of fresh fish consumers in Traditional Markets and Modern Market and to analyse consumer behaviour in buying fresh fish based on fresh fish and market attributes in Traditional and Modern Market. The research method used was descriptive analysis method and Fishbein model analysis. The results showed that the characteristics of consumers who bought fresh fish in Sunggal Market were women in the age range of 31-40 years old with senior high school as their last education level and an average income of around IDR 2,000,000 - IDR 4,000,000 with the number of family members was of four people. While the characteristics of consumers who bought fresh fish at Smarco Superstores were women in the age range of 31-40 with an average undergraduate education as their last education level and a monthly income was more than IDR 5,000,000 with family member of five people. The most important fresh fish and market attributes in Sunggal Market were fish freshness and location proximity. While the most crucial attributes of fresh fish and market attributes in the Smarco Superstore Market were fish hygiene and product diversity.
A design of optimization based logistic strategy for seaweed agroindustry: a case study in South Sulawesi Indonesia
Authors: Sarinah  , Maarif S , Hardjomidjojo H , Adrianto L
Published: April 2020

This research designs an optimization-based logistic strategy for seaweed agroindustry with case study in South Sulawesi Indonesia. To achieve the objective, an optimization mathematical model was designed to represent the logistic system. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) was designed to find the optimization model solution used as decision making guidance for logistic strategy. A Case study in South Sulawesi Indonesia as the largest seaweed producer in Indonesia was used to test the model. The result indicated that the optimization model design can calculated long-term logistic aspect with which can be used for policy-making and decision making as strategy for seaweed-downstream logistic.
Sustainability of the small pelagic fishing industry in Ocean Fishing Port Belawan
Authors: Fatoni R B M I , Ayu P C , Dewinta A F , Raju  , Pane T C
Published: April 2020

Small pelagic fish have a vital role as the primary source of income for the local community, because of this small pelagic fish creates jobs such as fishing and processing businesses. Excessive fishing by fishers is a form of exploitation of fish populations to dangerous levels. Therefore, it is necessary to research the development of Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE) value, potential utilization (MSY), and the level of utilization to support the small pelagic fishing activities. The data used in this study is primary data and secondary data. Primary data in this study are the results of observations and interviews about fishing efforts (ships, supplies, fishing gear, FAD, fishing systems, fishermen) in the Belawan ocean fishing port. The secondary data is the fisheries Production of small pelagic fish in 2013 - 2018. The result show that small pelagic fish resources at Belawan Ocean Fishing Port still under exploited.
Factors affects agricultural entrepreneurial intention of agribusiness students
Authors: Novanda R R , Khaliqi M , Jamil A S , Bakhtiar A
Published: April 2020

The low intention of the younger generation in entrepreneurship in the agricultural sector is an important issue for Indonesia. Youth prefers to work in the non-agricultural sector than in the agricultural sector. The formation of agricultural entrepreneurs must be carried out since the university education period. Especially agribusiness students who have a concentration in agricultural business. So as to evaluate student intentions, a study of entrepreneurial intentions is needed. This study aims to analyse the factors that influence the entrepreneurial intentions in the agricultural sector for students who have been studying agribusiness entrepreneurship. Research respondents are agribusiness students of Bengkulu University who have received entrepreneurship courses. The number of respondents as many as 129 people. Research data is primary data, and primary data are made using questionnaire and literature study. The type of data used is quantitative and processed using partial least square (PLS) analysis tools. The result is Attitude toward behaviour has no significant effect on student intention to be agripreneur with value of P-value, Subjective norm very significant effect on intention with P value is 4.329 and Perceive behaviour control has a significant effect on entrepreneurship intention in the agricultural sector with P-value is 0.046.
Effect of Acetic Acid and Acetic Anhydride Ratio to Physical and Mechanical Properties of Particleboard
Authors: Iswanto A H , Febriana R , Azhar I , Madyaratri E W , Wirjosentono B , Darwis A , Hartono R
Published: April 2020

In general, particleboard has a weakness in terms of low dimensional stability. This study aims to analyse the effect of immersing wood shavings in a mixture of acetic acid (AAc) and acetic anhydride (AAn) solution at several ratios to properties of particleboard. Wood shavings were immersed in an AAc/AAn solutions for 24 hours with a concentration of AAc 3% and AAn 2% with a mixture ratio of AAc / AAn consisting of 100/0, 80/20, 70/30. The boards made with a thickness and density target of 10 mm and 0.75 g/cm3, respectively. The pressing was carried out at 130°C, pressure 30 kg/cm2 and the time was 10 minutes. Testing of board properties refers to the JIS A 5908 (2003). The results show that acetylation treatment on wood shavings reduces the thickness swelling value. It was an indication that there had been an improvement in dimensional stability. An increase in the proportion of AAn resulted in a decrease of thickness swelling, water absorption, and moisture content of particleboards. On the internal bond, increasing the AAn proportion in the AAc/AAn solution further decreases the value of an internal bond, however overall internal bond value of board in this research meets the standard.
Shallot’s growth and production under sub-surface irrigation in vertical agriculture (verticulture) system
Authors: Ichwan N , Anggriani Y , Astari I , Nasution D L S , Sartiva H
Published: April 2020

One way to increase yields production of shallot plant can be done by planting in vertical agriculture (verticulture) system. The research aimed were to observe water consumption, to observe leaf length, to observe shallot weight, and to observe bulb quality of shallot. The research was done by experimental design that used sub-surface irrigation with emitter spacing P1 (15 cm), P2 (30 cm), and P3 (45 cm) that immersed in verticulture container with distance among holes 15 cm for each container. Shallot’s seed was planted in each hole that has 33 seeds in a verticulture container. The result shows that the least water consumption, the longest leaf length, the highest shallot weight, and the biggest bulb quality showed in verticulture container that contains irrigation tube with emitter spacing 15 cm. The conclusion that can be interpreted were sub-surface irrigation can be applied as irrigation system in vertical agriculture, where emitter spacing in irrigation tube as same as hole spacing in verticulture container.
The effect of landuse management simulation on erosion and sedimentation at Progo Hulu Watershed
Authors: Nasution D L S , Susanto S
Published: April 2020

The land use condition of Progo Hulu Watershed that does not heed the rules of conservation will causing the risk of erosion and sedimentation so that the land and water conservation is needed to consider in reducing erosion and sedimentation. This study aims to calculate the amount of erosion and sedimentation at existing condition and to analyse the effect of land use change simulation on erosion and sedimentation in Progo Hulu Watershed. There are five scenarios simulated by upgrading the composition of permanent land cover index. The result shows that the scenario five is the best realistic scenario that can reduce erosion and sedimentation into permittable value while there is still a lot of cultivation area so the conservation process runs while continuing the cultivation activity.
NIR spectroscopy application for determination caffeine content of Arabica green bean coffee
Authors: Ayu P C , Budiastra I W , Rindang A
Published: April 2020

Caffeine is considered as an important quality indicators of coffee. Caffeine content in green coffee bean influence the flavour and price of coffee. Commonly, percentage of caffeine content is determined by chemical method, which is known time consuming, destructive and expensive, so it is not suitable for a real time coffee content prediction system. The objective of this study was to develop a PLS model based on NIR-Spectroscopy to predict caffeine content of Indonesia coffee beans nondestructively. The wavelength used in this study was 1000-2500 nm and the caffeine content of samples were determined by LCMS method. Several data pretreatments such as multiple scatter correction (MSC), first derivative (dg1), combination of dg1+MSC, with PLS factors variation were applied to obtain the best prediction of caffeine content by NIR. The best prediction was obtained using MSC and 6 PLS factors indicated by a high coefficient correlation value which was >0.9. NIR method can be used for predicting the caffeine content of green bean coffee nondestructively.
Analysis of factors influencing beef cattle productivities and their development strategies in Dairy Regency, Sumatera Utara Province, Indonesia
Authors: Marpaung P , Hasnudi  , Rahmanta
Published: April 2020

This study was conducted for four months (January to April 2019) to analyse factors influencing beef cattle productivities and their development strategies in Dairy Regency, Sumatera Utara Province, Indonesia. There were 239 farmers from three sub-districts in Dairy Regency, namely Siempat Nempu Hulu, Tigalingga, and Sumbul used as respondents in this study. The study used regression and SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats). The regression analysis showed that factors of cattle production such as capital, number of cattle, labour, number of births together have a significant effect on cattle productivity. The results in this study, the coefficient of determination shows the productivity of cattle in the Dairi Regency is influenced by factors production by 90.89%, and other factors outside this study influence the rest. While the SWOT analysis in Dairi Regency showed that there are many strengths and opportunities than weaknesses and threats to develop cattle populations in order to increase their productivities in the regency. It can conclude that the development of beef cattle farming in Dairy Regency has a good prospect to be improved and used as part of sustainable economic growth in order to improve the welfare of farmers in Dairi.
Evaluation of factor influencing the success of Artificial Insemination (AI) of beef cattle through UPSUS SIWAB program in Deli Serdang Regency, Sumatera Utara Province, Indonesia
Authors: Adha T J , Henuk Y L , Supriana T
Published: April 2020

Indonesian Minister of Agriculture is trying to increase cattle population through breeding program special effort required pregnant cows (UPSUS SIWAB) based on Minister of Agriculture Regulation No 48/Permentan/PK210/10/2016 concerning special effort to accelerate of increasing population of pregnant cows which aimed to produce more calves in order to increase the national beef cattle population. Deli Serdang is one of the regencies in Sumatera Utara, which has numbers of poverty problem and beef cattle farming that have been contributing to reducing these numbers of poverty. The increasing number of beef cattle for each farmer will improve the profit and welfare of the farmer. The study aimed to determine the success rate of the Artificial Insemination (AI) of beef cattle UPSUS SIWAB program in the Deli Serdang Regency of Sumatera Utara, which has been done with AI inseminator. It was conducted in 2018 from 22 districts and involved 42 inseminators in Deli Serdang Regency. They came from beef cattle farming in four central districts raising Brahman cattle, namely, Hamparan Perak, Biru-Biru, Percut Sei Tuan, and Bangun Purba. The conclusions of this study showed that AI of beef cattle UPSUS SIWAB in Deli Serdang Regency had been successful about 40% Pregnant cows.
Physical quality characteristics of lamb meat using Pangium edule extract at different storage times
Authors: Patriani P , Hafid H , Mirwandhono E , Wahyuni T H , Hasanah U , Apsari N L , Ginting N
Published: April 2020

Pangium edule or by other names, kluwak, kluwek, picung, or kepayang are traditional spices used for cooking. Pangium edule (kluwak) contains antimicrobial compounds, flavonoids, antioxidants, and tannins that function as anti-bacteria so that it inhibits bacterial pathogens that cause a decrease in the quality of meat. This study aims to determine the effect of Pangium edule extract at different storage times on the quality of lamb meat. The method used in this study was a Factorial Complete Randomized Design with three replications. The material used was Pangium edule (kluwak) and lamb meat soaked at the level of Pangium edule extract 0%, 3%, 6% 9%, then stored for 12, 24, and 36 hours at room temperature 27˚C to 30˚C. Parameters in this study are pH, cooking loss, and water holding capacity. The results of this study showed that the level of Pangium edule extract and storage time had a significant effect on pH, Cooking loss and water holding capacity (P<0.05. In conclusion, the extraction of Pangium edule level 3% to 9% effectively maintains the quality of meat during storage for up to 36 hours.
Nutritive value and rumen fermentability characteristics of the diet were supplemented by dried carboxylate salts mixture (DCM)
Authors: Tasse A M , Hafid H , Patriani P , Ananda S H , Nuraini
Published: April 2020

The objective of this study is to determine the effect of supplementation of a mixture of dried carboxylic salt (DCM) protected by fatty acids in fermented feed on nutritional values and fermentation characteristics and ammonia concentration. Rumen liquid, sago waste, rice bran, fish waste, and sap liquid are used as material. The total ration mixture formulation is based on fermented feed and DCM supplements as follows: R0 (40% rice bran, 40% fermented sago waste, 20% tofu waste R1 (40% fermented rice bran, 40% fermented sago waste, 20% commercial concentrate), R2 (R1 + 1.5% DCM) R3 (R1 + 3% DCM) and R4 (R1 + 4.5% DCM) The nutritional value of fermented feed obtained by DCM supplementation was significantly different between treatments, supplementation 1.5-4.5% DCM significantly increased dry matter, ash, and ether extract. DCM supplementation significantly reduced crude fibre and not in crude protein. The addition of DCM increases the dry matter, ash, and ether extract and decreases crude fibre and does not affect the crude protein. The addition of DCM in ration decreases rumen pH but increases total VFA and N-NH3 ammonia concentration.
The optimization of ginger and Zinc in feed to preventing heat stress at tropical in local duck
Authors: Nova T D , Zein R
Published: April 2020

This study aimed to determine the optimization ginger flour supplementation and zinc minerals in feed on the performance, carcass, abdominal fat and the weight of the physiological organs of local ducks that experience heat stress at tropical temperatures. This research method is an experimental with Randomized Block Design (RBD) 4 treatment with 5 groups of body weights as replications. Treatment in this study was A (feed + ginger flour 0% + zinc 0 ppm, as control), B (feed + ginger flour 1% + zinc 40 ppm), C (feed + ginger flour 3% + zinc 40 ppm), D (feed + ginger flour 5% + zinc 40 ppm). The results showed that supplementation of ginger flour and zinc minerals in the feed had a significant effect (P<0.05) on performance of body weight, conversion, percentage of carcass and abdominal fat, but had no significant effect (P>0.05) on the physiological weight of local ducks in heat stress at a temperature of 33-34°C. The results of this study concluded optimization of ginger flour and zinc mineral supplementation in the performance, carcass, abdominal fat and physiological organ weights in heat stress were obtained on feed by giving 3% ginger flour and 40 ppm zinc minerals.
Women’s role in raising sheep activities through sharing system at Kampung Laut, Cilacap
Authors: Sulastri E , A’yun A Q , Widi T S M
Published: April 2020

The ecological degradation of Segara Anakan Lagoon due to sedimentation has an impact on the lives of the Kampung Laut communities, who depend on their livelihoods on the lagoon’s natural resources. To adapt to that condition, the community carries out sheep livestock as another livelihood through the sharing system. The women’s role in agriculture and livestock activities can increase family income and achieve family food security. This research was conducted in The Ujunggagak Village, Kampung Laut, with a census of 32 households raising sheep. Determination of the location by purposive sampling. The result shows that the women’s role in raising sheep activities in Kampung Laut is only to help the husband’s activities. Besides, women are less involved in decision making related to livestock activities.
Quality of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) silage with different level of rice bran
Authors: Setiawan D , Purnomosidi M
Published: April 2020

This study aimed to determine the effect different levels of rice bran with on the quality of Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) silage, know the nutrient content of water hyacinth before and after fermentation and determine the effect of adding a dose of bran with a different level of the quality of water hyacinth silage (pH, moisture content, carbohydrate and nutrient contents). This research was conducted in the Subdistrict Rasau Jaya, District Kubu Raya, West Kalimantan. The research design used was completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 4 replications. There are P0 = Control (0% of rice bran), P1 = 5% of rice bran, P2 = 7.5% of rice bran, P3 = 10% of rice bran, P4 = 12.5% of rice bran. The parameters of this research are crude protein, crude fibre, crude lipid, pH, moisture content and carbohydrate. The results showed that treatment with the addition of rice bran was highly significant on water content, but no significant effect on crude protein, crude lipid, and crude fibre.
Utilization complete feed fermented based waste peel cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) on quality meat of male Kacang goat
Authors: Sadeli A , Tafsin M , Sari T V
Published: April 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the utilization of complete feed fermented based waste peel cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) on the quality meat of male kacang goat. This research method uses a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications, while the diets used in this study include P0 (complete feed fermented with 75% cassava dried and 0% cassava peel), P1 (complete feed fermented with 55% cassava dried and 20% cassava peel, P2 (complete feed fermented with 35% cassava dried and 40% cassavapeel) and P3 (complete feed fermented with 15% cassava dried and 60% cassava peel). The results of this study indicate that the utilization of complete feed fermented based on cassava peel waste is not significantly different (P> 0.05) on pH, water holding capacity, cooking losses, water content, protein content and fat content, but significantly different (P <0.05) in the colour of meat. It can be concluded that the utilization of complete feed fermented based on cassava peel waste does not affect the pH, water holding capacity, cooking loss, water content, protein content and fat content but it does affect the colour meat of the male kacang goat.
The strategy of developing mindi agroforestry (Melia azedarach) in Selaawi Village, Talegong District, West Java Province, Indonesia
Authors: Rambey R , Rozalina  , Wijayanto N , Siregar I Z , Nasution M A , Lubis A S J , Sitio A , Purba J P
Published: April 2020

The strategy of developing mindi agroforestry (Melia azedarach) in Selaawi Village is based on the results of identification of internal elements (strengths and opportunities) and external elements (weaknesses and threats) that are described from the results of interviews in the field. The interview was conducted using the snowball sampling method for farmers who did agroforestry. Based on SWOT analysis and diagramming, the main priority strategy that can be carried out is the utilization of local community knowledge as an internal force to take advantage of opportunities for agroforestry development (strengths-Opportunity) by carrying out activities: (1) Maintaining local silvicultural knowledge in the development of mindi agroforestry, (2) Increase the sale value of logs into semi-finished goods (3) Encourage the community to network with other villages around Selaawi Village in the development of mindi agroforestry. To carry out this strategy requires the attention of the parties including the forestry service, the government and local NGOs.
The impact of marine sand mining on sea water quality in Pantai Labu, Deli Serdang Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Doloksaribu D C N , Barus T A , Sebayang K
Published: April 2020

Marine sand mining in Pantai Labu in 2008-2009 and 2017-2018 have drawn protests from the local community because they are detrimented. The impact of this marine sand mining results in environmental damage (degradation) of the coast such as abrasion and decreased productivity of marine fisheries due to declining water quality. This study aims to determine the current condition of sea water quality after sand mining in the area. From the results of research carried out it is known that the current condition of seawater quality decreases from before the presence of marine sand mining activities. This is known by looking at the results of water quality measurements that have been carried out by sand mining companies before sand mining activities are carried out. In this research, it is known that TSS contributes to the sea water pollution because the amount contained ranges from 169-186 mg/l and exceeds the quality standard stipulated in Minister of Environment Decree No. 51/2004 concerning Sea Water Quality Standards for Marine Biota, which is 80 mg/l. Seawaters quality parameter test results with the Storet Method concluded that the seawaters of Pantai Labu are now classified as good (lightly polluted). With the Shannon-Weaner analysis, the plankton diversity index in seawaters of Pantai Labu classified in medium diversity, the spread of the numbers of individuals of each type is medium.
Analysis of community participation at Community Forestry Group (HKm) in Forest Management Unit (KPH) Region XIV Sidikalang, North Sumatera Province
Authors: Saraan M , Rahmawaty  , Harahap R H
Published: April 2020

The community participation is essential for the success of forest management in the Forest Management Unit. This study aimed to identify the form and level of community participation in supporting the Community Forestry Program. This research was conducted from June to September 2018 by using survey and interview methods. The data collection used by reviewing documents, observation, questionnaires, and interviews. The results of this study revealed that the highest participation form was ‘engaging in social activities’ chosen by 91% of respondents in Aor Nakan Village, 91% of respondents in Kuta Tinggi Village, and 100% of respondents in Sibongkaras Villages.