bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phytotoxicity of organic extracts of five medicinal plants of the Neotropical savanna
Authors: Pinto G. F. S. , Roma L. P. , Kolb R. M.
Published: April 2023

Abstract Medicinal plants produce a high diversity of secondary metabolites with different biological activities, which are commonly evaluated when prospecting for bioherbicides. We analyzed the phytotoxic activity of organic extracts from the leaves of five medicinal species, Byrsonima intermedia, Moquiniastrum polymorphum, Luehea candicans, Miconia chamissois, and Qualea cordata. Phytotoxicity was evaluated on the initial growth of cucumber seedlings through tests with different concentrations of hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts. The results showed that all organic extracts and all concentrations affected cucumber development, with methanol extracts generally showing the greatest negative effect on the initial growth of the target species. The only exception was for M. chamissois extracts, in which the hexane extract had the greatest phytotoxicity. Furthermore, the organic extracts were subjected to preliminary phytochemical analysis, revealing the widespread presence of alkaloids along with other chemical classes. All the study species are thus potential candidates for use as natural herbicides.
Phytochemical prospection and larvicidal bioactivity of the janaguba (Himatanthus drasticus) Mart. Plumel (Apocynaceae) latex against Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Leandro C. S. , Azevedo F. R. , Cândido E. L. , Alencar C. H.
Published: April 2023

Abstract The aim of this study was to carry out phytochemical prospecting and evaluate the larvicidal activity of Himatanthus drasticus latex extracts against Aedes aegypti. The extracts were obtained by maceration from 5 g of latex powder concentrated separately in 100 mL of methanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane solvents. The concentrations of 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 ppm of each extract were tested in triplicate with a solution of pyriproxyfen as the positive control and distilled water and dimethylsulfoxide as the negative control. The phytochemical prospection of the methanolic extract showed the presence of phenolic compounds, such as anthocyanins, anthocyanidins, catechins, chalcones, aurones, leucoanthocyanidins, and condensed tannins. The insecticidal bioactivity was most significant for the methanolic extract. The methanolic extract lethal concentrations (LC) of 50 and 90% were 190.76 and 464.74 ppm, respectively. After 48 hours of exposure, the extracts using methanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane at their highest concentrations (500 ppm) caused larval mortality of 100, 73.33, and 66.67%, respectively. These extracts also promoted changes in the external morphology of the larvae, such as damage to the anal papillae, darkening of the body, and reduction in the number of bristles. The methanolic extract showed greater expressivity for morphological changes. The latex of H. drasticus has larvicidal activity against third-stade larvae of A. aegypti and it is more significant when obtained through maceration in methanol. The methanolic extract of H. drasticus latex contains phenolic compounds with insecticidal activity against A. aegypti larvae.
Molecular docking, ADMET and molecular dynamics simulation revealed metralindole as a multitargeted inhibitor for division kinases
Authors: Al-Dhuayan I. , ALaqeel N. K.
Published: April 2023

Abstract Lung cancer is the most common type of cancer in the world, and alone, in 2020, almost 2.21 million new cases were diagnosed, with 1.80 million deaths, and are increasing daily. Non-small cell lung (NSCLC) is the primary type of lung cancer, predominantly forms around 80% of cases compared to small cell carcinoma, and about 75% of patients are already in an advanced state when diagnosed. Despite notable advances in early diagnosis and treatment, the five-year survival rate for NSCLC is not encouraging. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate the molecular causes of non-small cell lung cancer to create more efficient therapeutic approaches. Lung cancer showed a more significant and persistent binding affinity and energy landscape with the target CDK2 staurosporine and FGF receptor-1. In this study, we have picked two essential target proteins, human cyclin-dependent kinase-2 and Human Protein Kinase CK2 Holoenzyme and screened the entire prepared DrugBank prepared library of 1,55,888 compounds and identified 2-(2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole-1-yl) ethanol (Metralindole) as a major inhibitor. Metralindole has displayed high docking scores of -5.159 Kcal/mol and -5.99 Kcal/mol with good hydrogen bonding and other bonding topologies such as van der Waals force, and ADMET results shown excellent bioavailability, outstanding solubility, no side effects, and toxicity. The molecular dynamics simulation for 100ns in a water medium confirmed the compound's stability and interaction pattern with the lowest deviation and fluctuations. Our in-silico study suggests Metralindole, an experimental compound, can effectively cure lung cancer. Further, the experimental validation of the compound is a must before any prescription.
Relation of fibrocartilaginous embolism and acute and non-compressive nucleus pulposus extrusion with imaging tests - case report
Authors: Faria M.P. , Sá T.S.S. , Luppi M.M.C.P. , Barros M.A.
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Fibrocartilaginous embolism (FCEM) and acute, non-compressive nucleus pulposus extrusion (ANNPE) are non-compressive myelopathies that are difficult to differentiate. The definitive diagnosis is obtained only with histology, but the presumptive diagnosis is made through clinical signs and imaging tests. The aim of this study is to report the imaging tests performed for the diagnosis of a neurological clinical case and discuss the best diagnostic method. After attending the patient, complementary tests were requested. Radiography results showed no change. The computed tomography diagnostic impression indicated distal protrusion between C6-C7, T11-T12, T13-L1 followed by mild spinal cord compression defined by the presence of a ventral hyperattenuating region. Magnetic resonance (RMI), showed a slight T2W hypersignal, well delimited in the gray matter, lateralized to the right, over the cranial third of C7. Concluding that the magnetic resonance is the method that brought more information for the diagnosis, in which the others were not described medullary alterations pertinent to FCEM and ANNPE. With their fair prognosis, the absence of histological diagnosis of these diseases may be a limiting factor in this study and, in relation to the RMI alterations being very similar between FCEM and ANNPE it is not possible to diagnose fully accurately.
Dirofilaria immitis parasite infection in cats: first case reported in the Legal Amazon region, Brazil - case report
Authors: Barbosa S.A. , Dourado A.V.C.A. , Nogueira R.M.S. , Ramos L.G.S.M. , Moura J.S. , Costa F.B. , Miranda L.M. , Costa A.P.
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT A case of infection with Dirofilaria immitis in a cat is reported here with clinical signs of apathy, anorexia, dyspnea, polypnea, slight dehydration and pale mucus membranes. The radiographic examination showed cardiomegaly, lobar arteries dilation of the cranial lobes and tortuosity, enlargement of the caudal lobar arteries. In the right lobe of the lung parenchyma, interstitial pulmonary opacification tending to alveolar opacification was seen. The clinical signs, the movements, and the morphology of the microfilariae in the direct examination of fresh blood, peripheral blood smear and Knott’s modified test supported the diagnosis. We alert to the need for clinicians to consider feline heartworm diseases as a differential diagnosis in endemic areas when cats show respiratory signs.
Short-term outcomes of trochlear recession surgery combined with “Watermelon” autograft for treatment of canine medial patellar luxation: a case series
Authors: Garnoeva Radka S.
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to present a novel surgical method for correction of medial patellar luxation in small-breed dogs with trochlear dysplasia and marked hypoplasia of the medial femoral condyle. The “Watermelon” approach was applied together with trochlear wedge recession or trochlear block recession and consisted in increasing the height of the medial condyle with an osteochondral autograft resembling a watermelon slice, placed into an additional slot in the medial femoral condyle to prevent the postoperative reluxation of the patella. The study cohort included 19 dogs (25 joints) from small breeds (Pinscher, Pomeranian, and Chihuahua) with second-grade medial patellar luxation. Fourteen joints were submitted to wedge recession surgery combined with “Watermelon” grafting, and 11 joints: to block recession surgery with “Watermelon” grafting. The sulcus-deepening trochleoplasty combined with “Watermelon” grafting was clinically successful and with low percentage of minor postoperative complications. The mean duration of anesthesia was significantly longer for block recession combined with “Watermelon” (P<0.001), but the recovery period was shorter (P<0.05).
Caos determinístico: uma abordagem com o software Insight Maker focada em discussões sobre determinismo e previsibilidade
Authors: Weber Rodrigo , Heidemann Leonardo Albuquerque , Martins Jorge Simões de Sá
Published: April 2023

A dinâmica não-linear, demonstrando a existência de eventos hipersensíveis às condições iniciais, sacudiu as bases da filosofia da Ciência, principalmente no que remete ao poder preditivo do conhecimento científico. No contexto educacional, no entanto, o caos determinístico continua sendo pouco explorado, mesmo em cursos de graduação, apesar do seu potencial para favorecer a aprendizagem tanto de conceitos científicos quanto de elementos centrais da filosofia da Ciência. Propondo uma alternativa para a abordagem do tema em cursos de formação de professores, apresentamos neste artigo uma abordagem didática para o ensino de tópicos de dinâmica não-linear utilizando um aplicativo online e open source chamado Insight Maker, que permite a integração numérica e geração de gráficos de forma automatizada, requerendo poucos conhecimentos de programação. Debatemos as noções de determinismo e previsibilidade analisando dois modelos teóricos de pêndulos: o pêndulo simples e o amortecido forçado. Na primeira situação, a integração numérica das equações de movimento pelo Insight Maker mostra que o fenômeno é em princípio previsível, já que suas soluções têm pouca sensibilidade às pequenas variações nas condições iniciais impostas. O mesmo não ocorreu com o pêndulo amortecido forçado. Utilizando a mesma ferramenta, mostramos que esse fenômeno pode apresentar regime caótico em função de variações de um parâmetro do sistema. Isso foi feito tanto pelo teste de sensibilidade às condições iniciais quanto pela obtenção indireta do expoente de Lyapunov. Evidenciamos as chamadas “ilhas de ordem” e demos particular enfoque à rota para o caos via cascata de duplicação do período, expondo conceitualmente o papel do número de Feigenbaum em sistemas não-lineares.
O papel dos recursos na estratégia de expansão de uma cooperativa de crédito
Authors: Ross Caio Henrique , Padilha Ana Claudia Machado , Sartoretto Cassiano Ricardo
Published: April 2023

Resumo Esta pesquisa tem interesse particular de identificar a motivação e os recursos estratégicos que suportam o projeto de expansão de uma cooperativa de crédito localizada no estado do Rio Grande do Sul para o estado de Minas Gerais. Foi realizada coleta de dados com Diretores e Gerentes que lideraram o processo de expansão, os quais responderam ao questionário elaborado à luz da literatura, e os dados analisados quantitativa e qualitativamente. Os dados apontaram que a motivação para expansão respaldou-se na possibilidade de aumentar a área de atuação, expansão da marca, diversificação e aumento da segurança de operação; os fatores de localização incluíram a utilização de índices econômicos e demográficos municipais, similaridade das áreas de atuação. Os recursos estratégicos, em sua maioria, denotam paridade competitiva, destacando-se com sustentáveis o nível de confiança, captação de recursos e sistemas informatizados, considerando os recursos intangíveis são mais difíceis de serem imitados pelos concorrentes do que os tangíveis. Em termos de localização em Minas Gerais, a cooperativa priorizou a expansão de associados, área de atuação e estratégias diferenciadas dos concorrentes. Dessa forma, a pesquisa suscita ampliação, especialmente quando considerado o protagonismo exercido pelas cooperativas de crédito e sua proeminência no crescimento e desenvolvimento econômico do Brasil.
Contributions of social participation to the dynamic balance, mobility, and muscle strength of different age groups of older people: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Garcia Patrícia Azevedo , Maringolo Arielle Rodrigues , Gabriel Sabrina Nunes , Nagata Cristiane de Almeida , Hamu Tânia Cristina Dias da Silva
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the contributions of social participation in health promotion groups and regular physical exercise programs to the physical and functional performance of different age groups of community-dwelling older adults. This is a cross-sectional study including 266 older adults. Physical and functional performances (dependent variables) were characterized based on dynamic balance (alternate step test), mobility (timed up and go test), upper (handgrip dynamometer) and lower limbs muscle strength (Sit-to-stand test). Participants were questioned about active social participation in primary care groups and in physical exercise programs. The data were analyzed by linear regressions. Among individuals aged over 80 years, women participated in less health promotion groups and both sexes practiced less physical exercise. Age combined with regular exercise significantly explained 18.7% of dynamic balance and 22.8% of lower limb muscle strength in women. Despite social participation, for men, age alone explained 11.9% of lower limb strength and 11.5% of mobility. Therefore, social participation in physical exercise programs was a protective factor for these physical and functional differences between women’s age groups. Among men, mobility and lower limb strength performance reduced with aging, regardless of social participation.
Identifying Priorities through the Problem Structuring Method to Reduce the Dependencies on Ecosystem Services in Electricity Distribution
Authors: Sosa Pablo Ricardo Belosevich , Santos Leandro Duarte dos , Pavani Bruna Fatiche , Ribeiro Amanda Nunes , Sinisgalli Paulo Antônio de Almeida , Sousa Júnior Wilson Cabral de , Schlindwein Sandro Luis
Published: April 2023

Abstract Electricity distribution is a fundamental activity for society. However, mitigating actions on risks and dependencies of this activity still need to be discovered concerning Ecosystem Services (ES). This fact can negatively influence its prosperity, especially in the long term. Within this context, this paper aims to identify actions that mitigate the risks and dependencies on ES associated with a company in the electricity sector in Brazil that performs electricity distribution services. The identification was based on the collection, analysis, and interpretation of stakeholders’ perceptions of the activity through an adaptation of the Strategic Options Development and Analysis (SODA) problem structuring method. As a result, a structured vision of actions that mitigate ES risks and dependencies of electric power distribution, enabling management focused on the longevity of both the ES and the economic activity.
Tendências e concepções de educação ambiental das ações cadastradas no SisEA/MS e realizadas em Ladário/MS
Authors: Vieira Maria Rita Mendonça , Zanon Angela Maria
Published: April 2023

Resumo Esta investigação busca analisar as concepções de Educação Ambiental (EA) nas propostas cadastradas no Sistema Estadual de Informação em Educação Ambiental de Mato Grosso do Sul (SisEA/MS), realizadas no município de Ladário, Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. A pesquisa de abordagem quanti-qualitativa trata da análise documental de 27 propostas. O caráter quantitativo envolveu a avaliação dos indicadores: situação das propostas, tipo de ação, temáticas e público-alvo. A abordagem qualitativa se deu pela Análise do Discurso (AD), evidenciando as concepções em EA. A vertente conservadora foi predominante nas ações, com vista a uma mudança comportamental do indivíduo, desconsiderando a dimensão sociopolítica. As inferências trazidas aqui mostram caminhos para a superação de práticas que seguem tendências conservadoras da EA, na busca de práticas que busquem a transformação da realidade. É preciso (re) pensar os procedimentos metodológicos das ações, considerando os fundamentos teóricos, temas e público-alvo para uma EA crítica e transformadora.
Fiscalização Ambiental De Agrotóxicos No Brasil
Authors: Rocha Rizza Regina Oliveira , Alvarez Victor Manoel Pelaez
Published: April 2023

Resumo Este artigo tem o objetivo de avaliar a experiência da fiscalização de agrotóxicos, realizada pelo Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (IBAMA), em função dos tipos de autuação das infrações, sua evolução temporal e distribuição no território brasileiro. Os dados foram coletados a partir de consultas ao Sistema Integrado de Cadastro, Arrecadação e Fiscalização do IBAMA. Identificou-se um crescimento da ordem de 100% das autuações ao longo do período 2009-2017, porém um decréscimo de 21% e 60% nos anos 2018 e 2019, respectivamente. No que tange à distribuição espacial das autuações do IBAMA relacionadas a uso de agrotóxicos, os resultados evidenciaram que o direcionamento da fiscalização ambiental não foi compatível com os locais que concentram o consumo de agrotóxicos. Estes aspectos revelam uma lógica de atuação baseada não em um planejamento estratégico, em âmbito nacional, mas em iniciativas locais dos fiscais ambientais.
DIRETRIZES PARA O PLANEJAMENTO E DESENHO DE ESQUEMAS DE PAGAMENTO POR SERVIÇOS AMBIENTAIS
Authors: Guerra Bartira Rodrigues , Ranieri Victor Eduardo Lima
Published: April 2023

Resumo O Pagamento por Serviços Ambientais (PSA) é um instrumento econômico que busca conciliar a conservação dos serviços ecossistêmicos (SE) com os interesses econômicos dos atores envolvidos. Com o intuito de orientar os tomadores de decisão no processo de estruturação e planejamento de esquemas de PSA, este artigo analisou esquemas brasileiros frente às boas práticas recomendadas na literatura científica. Como resultado, monitoramento da prestação do SE ou de seus proxies e segmentação espacial foram práticas observadas nos esquemas brasileiros alinhadas com as recomendações da literatura. O mesmo não aconteceu com as práticas: contratos flexíveis e/ou adaptáveis e pagamentos maiores que os custos de provisão. Esses resultados são úteis para reforçar os pontos fortes e apontar possíveis vulnerabilidades no desenho de esquemas de PSA, contribuindo para o aprimoramento tanto de iniciativas novas quanto daquelas em andamento.
VIRTUAL ASSISTANT: A TOOL FOR HEALTH CO-PRODUCTION IN COPING WITH COVID-19
Authors: Fabrizzio Greici Capellari , Oliveira Lincoln Moura de , Costa Diovane Ghignatti da , Erdmann Alacoque Lorenzini , Santos José Luís Guedes dos
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the development of a virtual assistant as a potential tool for health co-production in coping with COVID-19. Method: this is an applied technological production research study developed in March and April 2020 in five stages: 1) literature review, 2) content definition, 3) elaboration of the dialog, 4) test of the prototype, and 5) integration with the social media page. Results: the literature review gathered diverse scientific evidence about the disease based on the Brazilian Ministry of Health publications and by consulting scientific articles. The content was built from the questions most asked by the population, in March 2020, evidenced by Google Trends, in which the following topics emerged: concept of the disease, prevention means, transmission of the disease, main symptoms, treatment modalities, and doubts. Elaboration of the dialog was based on Natural Language Processing, intentions, entities and dialog structure. The prototype was tested in a laboratory with a small number of user computers on a local network to verify the functionality of the set of apps, technical and visual errors in the dialog, and whether the answers provided were in accordance with the user's question, answering the questions correctly and integrated into Facebook. Conclusion: the virtual assistant proved to be a health education tool with potential to combat “Fake News”. It also represents a patient-centered form of health communication that favors the strengthening of the bond and interaction between health professionals and patients, promoting co-production in health.
ASSISTENTE VIRTUAL: FERRAMENTA PARA COPRODUÇÃO EM SAÚDE NO ENFRENTAMENTO À COVID-19
Authors: Fabrizzio Greici Capellari , Oliveira Lincoln Moura de , Costa Diovane Ghignatti da , Erdmann Alacoque Lorenzini , Santos José Luís Guedes dos
Published: April 2023

RESUMO Objetivo: descrever o desenvolvimento de um assistente virtual como ferramenta potencial para a coprodução em saúde no enfrentamento à COVID-19. Método: trata-se de uma pesquisa aplicada de produção tecnológica, desenvolvida nos meses de março e abril de 2020 em cinco etapas: 1) revisão de literatura, 2) definição de conteúdo, 3) construção do diálogo, 4) teste do protótipo e 5) integração com página de mídia social. Resultados: a revisão de literatura reuniu evidências científicas sobre a doença a partir das publicações do Ministério da Saúde, no Brasil, e de consultas em artigos científicos. O conteúdo foi construído a partir das perguntas mais realizadas pela população, em março de 2020, evidenciadas por meio do Google Trends, em que emergiram os seguintes temas: conceito da doença, formas de prevenção, transmissão da doença, principais sintomas, formas de tratamento e dúvidas. A construção do diálogo foi baseada em Processamento de Linguagem Natural, intenções, entidades e estrutura de diálogo. O protótipo foi testado em laboratório com um número reduzido de computadores usuários em uma rede local para verificar a funcionalidade do conjunto de aplicações, erros técnicos e visuais acerca do diálogo e se as respostas fornecidas estavam de acordo com a pergunta do usuário, respondendo de forma correta os questionamentos e integrado ao Facebook. Conclusão: o assistente virtual mostrou-se uma ferramenta de educação em saúde e com potencial para combater fake news. Também representa uma forma de comunicação em saúde centrada no paciente, que favorece o fortalecimento de vínculo e interação entre profissionais de saúde e pacientes, promovendo a coprodução em saúde.
Speech-language-hearing therapists’ perception of orofacial myofunctional changes in subjects with congenital Zika syndrome
Authors: Lopes Sobrinho Paulo Naati , Vasconcelos Manuela Leitão de , Martinelli Roberta Lopes de Castro , Pernambuco Leandro de Araújo , Alves Giorvan Ânderson dos Santos
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Purpose: to investigate the profile of speech-language-hearing therapists from Northeastern Brazil assisting children presented with congenital Zika syndrome and their perception of these children’s orofacial myofunctional aspects and speech-language-hearing intervention procedures. Methods: a cross-sectional observational study with quantitative/qualitative analysis. The data collection instrument was an online questionnaire with 34 items on the speech-language-hearing therapists’ sociodemographic information and perception of the study topic. The sample comprised 23 speech-language-hearing therapists from the nine Northeastern states. Results: altogether, 96% of the sample were females. Most professionals had more than 3 years of experience with congenital Zika syndrome. Concerning stomatognathic system characterization, the professionals described a greater degree of change in aspects of orofacial muscle posture and mobility. Regarding oral functions, they perceived greater changes in speech and swallowing liquids and solid foods. There was a greater degree of change in masticating solids than in swallowing liquids. Conclusion: most speech-language-hearing therapists in the research had a specialization degree, especially in dysphagia and oral-motor control. Most of them had more than 3 years of experience following up with children with congenital Zika syndrome, which indicates a satisfactory time working with this population to help identify orofacial myofunctional changes in them. The professionals stated that orofacial muscle posture and mobility, speech, and swallowing liquids and solid foods were the most changed aspects.
Evaluating the use of wearables in the masseter and temporal muscles: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Dantas Alana Moura Xavier , Lopes Leonardo Wanderley , Farias Naiara de Oliveira , Silva Hilton Justino da
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Purpose: to develop a scoping review protocol that seeks to identify which procedures and for what purpose wearables available in the literature are being used on the masseter and temporal muscles. Methods: the approach recommended by The Joanna Briggs Institute and the PRISMA-P guidelines, will follow. Databases to be searched include PubMed, Cochrane Library, LILACS, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase and grey literature. In the first step, two reviewers will independently evaluate the articles by titles and abstracts, then, a full review of the selected articles will be performed according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Any uncertainties or differences of opinion will be discussed for consensus. Articles published without date or language restrictions will be included. All components will be presented in tables and flow charts. In addition, a narrative summary of each component will be included for further details. Final Considerations: this protocol will present the general state of the literature on the use of wearables in masseter and temporal masticatory muscles.
Weed interference periods in cowpea crop
Authors: Campos Marcos L. de , Lacerda Marlon L. , Aspiazú Ignacio , Carvalho Abner J. de , Silva Rafael F.
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Cowpea is one of the pulse crops that present the highest potential for growing in the Semiarid region of Brazil. Lowcost vegetable protein source, it has resilience to adverse conditions, however, in competition with weeds, its productivity can be strongly compromised. To overcoming this situation, it is essential for integrated management programs to determine the critical period for preventing interference. Thus, the objective of this work was to determine weed interference periods and the effect of coexistence periods on cowpea grain yield in the Semiarid region of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The treatments were arranged in a 2×9 factorial scheme, as follows: cultivation in coexistence with weeds and cultivation under weed control, for nine crescent periods (0-7, 0-14, 0-21, 0-28, 0-35, 0-42, 0-49, 0-56 and 0-63 days after crop emergence), in a randomized experimental block design with four replications. The weed community was studied through phytosociological survey and evaluation of dry matter production and cowpea was evaluated for dry matter production, 100-grain mass and grain yield. The interference periods were determined using a non-linear logistic regression model. The weed community found was composed of 70% dicotyledonous and 30% monocotyledon plants, distributed in seven families and ten species. The coexistence with weeds results in losses of up to 90% in cowpea grain yield. The critical period of weed control in cowpea crop in the Semiarid region of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, is 11 to 36 days after crop emergence.
Exchange of germoplasm and genetic diversity to enrichment the Desmanthus genebank
Authors: Silva Ana V. C. da , Nascimento Isa M. R. do , Rangel José H. A. , Pereira Camila S. A. , Muniz Evandro N.
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT The genus Desmanthus presents wide ecogeographical distribution and complex taxonomy. Desmanthus pernambucanus (L.) Thellung, popularly known in Brazil as Jureminha, is a leguminous species native to the Northeast region of Brazil, which stands out by its high protein content, resistance to droughts, and by presenting no toxicity to animals. The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic diversity of 15 progenies from the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO; Australia), through germplasm exchange for enrichment of the Desmanthus genebank of Embrapa Tabuleiros Costeiros, in Nossa Senhora das Dores, SE, Brazil. Fifteen ISSR markers were used, from which 8 were selected. The progenies identified as 242, 245, 246, 255, and 268 were the most genetically distant, and the most recommended to be introduced to the genebank.
High resistance levels in brazilian Plutella xylostella populations: needs for adjustments in field concentration
Authors: Silva Filho José G. da , Farias Thiago I. de , Melo Iuri A. de , Santoro Kleber R. , Anton Sylvia , Badji Cesar A.
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Plutella xylostella cause severe damage on cruciferous plants all over the world. Farmers in several regions of Brazil report increasing inefficiency of chemical control, even when using high insecticide concentrations. We evaluate here the susceptibility of brazilian diamondback moth populations to the Premio® (Chlorantraniliprole), Dipel® (Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki) and Lannate® BR (Oxime Methylcarbamate) insecticides, frequently used in Brazil. Susceptibility bioassays with five field-collected and two laboratory diamondback moth populations were conducted with increasing concentrations of insecticides up to ten times above the recommended concentration. Extremely high and region-dependent resistances were found in field populations against Chlorantraniliprole and B. thuringiensis, with Resistance Ratios up to 370.0 times for the Camocim de São Felix population. For Oxime Methylcarbamate, we were not able to do Probit analyses for the field populations because of very low mortality rates. Laboratory populations showed resistance to the three tested insecticides with all LC50 concentrations exceeding the recommended doses by at least 3 times. Our results show strong and variable resistance to the three tested insecticides according to the region of origin. To maintain efficient pest control in a large country like Brazil, local levels of resistance need therefore to be monitored by the authorities and reassessment and adjustments of regional doses of insecticides should be implemented as a public policy, to prevent massive spread of insecticides in the field, as well as increases in cases of resistance.
Biochemical differences in the initial growth of sugarcane varieties cultivated under different potassium doses and water conditions
Authors: Rocha Igor T. M. da , Silva Anibia V. da , Freire Fernando J. , Oliveira Emídio C. A. de , Souza Edivan R. de , Endres Laurício
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Sugarcane varieties have distinct biochemical and productive capacities, which are accentuated under water and nutrient stress conditions. Water stress promotes biochemical changes in plants, such as the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that, depending on the concentration, degrade photosynthetic pigments. Current research indicates that K+ plays an important role in increasing yield and tolerance to water stress. This study evaluated the effect of different K+ levels on the initial growth of two sugarcane varieties under two water conditions. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse using randomized blocks, with four replications, five K+ doses (0; 0.5; 1; 2 and 6 mmol L-1), two sugarcane varieties (RB92579 and RB992506), and two water conditions (hydrated plants and water stress). Data were analyzed in a 5×2×2 factorial scheme. Leaf carbohydrates, photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzyme activity (catalase, superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase) and dry matter production were assessed. K+ doses promoted an increase in plant dry mass. The RB992506 variety had lower APX activity and higher levels of photosynthetic pigments, carbohydrates and dry matter than its RB92579 counterpart. Water conditions and interactions between factors had no effect on the variables studied. RB992506 is a promising variety and more tolerant to water stress due to its superior biochemical and productive traits when compared to RB92579.
Dynamics of plant organic matter decomposition in different agricultural landscapes
Authors: Silva João H. C. S. , Barbosa Alex da S. , Gomes Daniel da S. , Aquino Italo de S. , Silva Janaína R. da
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT The functioning of ecosystems or agroecosystems is mainly dependent on the soil-litterfall interaction. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of different soil use and management systems on the dynamics of decomposition of plant residues of Azadirachta indica (neem) and Gliricidia sepium (gliricidia). The study was conducted in four land occupation systems, namely: remaining forest, agroforestry, agricultural mandala, and pasture. The decomposition rate was estimated using nylon bags (litter bags), containing 20 g of leaves of A. indica and G. sepium, which were arranged on the soil surface of each area for 18, 36, 54, 72, 90, and 108 days. A completely randomized design was used for each species, considering each area as one treatment, with four replications for each collection. The data were subjected to regression analysis and the means were compared by the Tukey's test (p<0.05). More than 85% and 90% of A. indica and G. sepium plant matters, respectively, had been decomposed after 108 days, regardless of the system evaluated, denoting that these species present high decomposition rates. The phytomass half-life time varied from 16 to 23 days for G. sepium and from 25 to 37 days for A. indica, depending on the land use system. Edaphic temperature, soil water content, and leaf physical and chemical characteristics are weight loss predictors. The results provide important information to enable forest management practices.
The Onto-Historical Nature of the Educational Principle: Gramsci and Lukács
Authors: Sobral Karine Martins , Santos José Deribaldo Gomes dos
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT This article addresses the distinctions and approximations between Gramsci and Lukács’ elaborations about the educational principle. The possibility of work being or not an educational principle was questioned, as the basis of an emancipatory political-pedagogical project. For that, an immanent reading of the works was carried out: The Ontology of the Social Being (TOSB), volume 14, by Georg Lukács; Prison Notebooks, volumes 11, 12 and 22, and some Selections from Political Writings, by Antonio Gramsci. As a result of the research, the educational principle, which aims to ground an educational system based on the integral development of social beings, was defended as a human formation.
Reserve mobilisation exhibits a biphasic pattern during seedling establishment in the Caatinga pioneer species Pityrocarpa moniliformis
Authors: Alves-de-Oliveira Danilo Flademir , Alves-da-Silva Hanieri , Avelino Ana Paula , Nunes Lucas Jean , Voigt Eduardo Luiz
Published: April 2023

Abstract Reserve mobilisation and metabolite utilisation were characterised during seed germination and seedling establishment in Pityrocarpa moniliformis, an endospermic legume from Caatinga. Seeds were germinated under controlled conditions for four days and seedlings were transferred to hydroponics and maintained at a greenhouse during four days. Samples were collected at distinct physiological stages and reserves, metabolites, and enzymatic activities were determined in different seedling parts. Galactomannans stored in the endosperm and non-reducing sugars accumulated in the cotyledons were mobilised from seed germination to hypocotyl emergence. During these processes, the accumulation of reducing sugars in the endosperm coincided with an increase in the starch content in the cotyledons and seedling axis, indicating that sugars released from galactomannans may have been utilised in starch biosynthesis. Starch and storage protein mobilisation in the cotyledons occurred later, from hypocotyl elongation to cotyledon expansion. Starch degradation possibly supported the accumulation of starch and soluble sugars in the root, while storage protein hydrolysis was associated with cotyledon greening and first leaf emergence. Accordingly, reserve mobilisation exhibits a biphasic pattern, enabling fast seedling establishment as a physiological strategy to ensure environmental colonisation.
Literatura e História na reeducação de imaginários e na produção de novos futuros
Authors: Lima Thayara Cristine Silva de
Published: April 2023

Resumo O presente texto busca ressaltar a potência da inter-relação entre literatura e História na produção de novos futuros. Para tanto, recorre ao afrofuturismo e à produção literária da luta anticolonial de forma a tensionar possibilidades de fabulação crítica da realidade e de ficção visionária.
Análise de clustering e switching da fluência de verbos em indivíduos com doença de Alzheimer
Authors: Beber Bárbara Costa , Liedtke Franceia Veiga , Oliveira Felipe Schroeder de , Müller-Silveira Lucas , Alves Emily Viega , Chaves Márcia Lorena Fagundes , Salles Jerusa Fumagalli de
Published: April 2023

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar o desempenho na tarefa de fluência de verbos de pessoas com doença de Alzheimer em comparação à idosos saudáveis, a partir da análise do número total de palavras corretas evocadas, do número de clusters, do tamanho médio dos clusters e do número de switches. Método Este é um estudo de caso-controle no qual participaram 39 idosos saudáveis e 29 participantes com diagnóstico de doença de Alzheimer. O desempenho da fluência de verbos dos participantes foi analisado quanto ao total de verbos gerados corretamente, número de clusters, tamanho médio dos clusters e número de switches. Para a obtenção dos desfechos do estudo foi realizado um processo prévio de definição das categorias de verbos que constituiriam clusters. A classificação dos verbos foi adaptada para a este estudo, incluindo a análise de juízes com investigação do índice de concordância. Resultados Dentre as variáveis de interesse comparadas entre os grupos estudados, houve um desempenho estatisticamente inferior no grupo de pessoas com doença de Alzheimer quanto ao número de switches e total de verbos gerados corretamente. Nas demais medidas, os grupos foram semelhantes. Conclusão Neste estudo pessoas com doença de Alzheimer apresentaram déficit no desempenho da tarefa de fluência verbal de verbos, caracterizado por uma redução do número total de verbos gerados e uma menor variabilidade de categorias de verbos. Os achados sugerem que, na doença de Alzheimer, a fluência de verbos é mais sensível aos déficits cognitivos decorrentes de disfunção executiva do que aos déficits semânticos.
The clinic in dentistry: connections and disconnections with the expanded clinical practice of oral health
Authors: Fonsêca Graciela Soares , Botazzo Carlos
Published: April 2023

Abstract This article aimed to understand the representation that the clinic assumes in dental practices, in a medium-sized municipality in the state of Santa Catarina. It is a qualitative study, whose participants were dental surgeons linked to public oral health services. Data were collected with three focus groups. The audio-recorded material was transcribed and analyzed with the help of the dialectical hermeneutics. In the first category of analysis - clinic conception -, the participants demonstrated difficulty in formulating a concept for the clinic, translating it as the development of technical procedures, understood as being central to this type of practice for dentists. Integrality and resolvability appeared as central elements, but assume a dentistry-centered view. In the category “resources and organization of the dental clinic,” the advantages of using the electronic medical records and the limitations of tab division that narrow the access to information were observed. In treatment systematics, there is little room for listening and the odontogram emerges as a synonym for treatment plan, reinforcing the tooth-focused character of the practices developed. The study showed diversified challenges to incorporating the clinic, whether understood in the traditional molds or in a broader way, in the practices developed by the study participants.
A clínica em odontologia: nexos e desconexões com a clínica ampliada de saúde bucal
Authors: Fonsêca Graciela Soares , Botazzo Carlos
Published: April 2023

Resumo Este trabalho visou compreender a representação que a clínica assume nas práticas odontológicas, em um município de médio porte do estado de Santa Catarina. Estudo qualitativo, cujos participantes foram 20 cirurgiões-dentistas vinculados aos serviços públicos de saúde bucal. Os dados foram coletados por meio de três grupos focais. O material gravado por áudio foi transcrito e analisado pela hermenêutica-dialética. Na primeira categoria de análise - concepção sobre clínica -, os participantes demonstraram dificuldade para formular um conceito para a clínica, traduzindo-a como o desenvolvimento de procedimentos técnicos, entendidos como essenciais neste tipo de prática para os dentistas. Integralidade e resolubilidade apareceram como elementos centrais, mas assumem uma visão odontocentrada. Na categoria “recursos e organização da clínica odontológica”, observou-se as vantagens da utilização do prontuário eletrônico e as limitações da divisão de abas que restringe o acesso de informações. Na sistemática de atendimento, há pouco espaço para escuta e o odontograma desponta como sinônimo de plano de tratamento, reforçando o caráter dentarizado das práticas desenvolvidas. O estudo mostrou dificuldades diversas para incorporação da clínica, seja ela compreendida nos moldes tradicionais ou de maneira ampliada, nas práticas desenvolvidas pelos participantes do estudo.
Incentivos financeiros para mudança de modelo na atenção básica dos municípios paulistas
Authors: Duarte Ligia Schiavon , Viana Mônica Martins de Oliveira , Scalco Nayara , Garcia Mariana Tarricone , Felipe Luiz Victor
Published: April 2023

Resumo Este artigo objetiva caracterizar as transferências financeiras no âmbito do Bloco da Atenção Básica para os municípios do estado de São Paulo, no período entre 2011 e 2017, e sua relação com a mudança de modelo de atenção na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e exploratório, de natureza quantitativa e de corte longitudinal retrospectivo. Foram analisadas transferências ocorridas no âmbito do Piso da Atenção Básica Variável (PAB Variável), agregadas segundo vinculação com mudança de modelo. Também foram considerados cobertura de Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF), número de visitas domiciliares e o percentual de municípios que aderiram ao Programa de Melhoria do Acesso de Qualidade da AB (PMAQ). Os resultados indicam a relevância que os Incentivos para mudança de modelo assumiram no financiamento da atenção básica no estado de São Paulo, em especial para municípios de pequeno porte, sugerindo o interesse da gestão municipal em implementar as medidas propostas. Contudo, constatam-se obstáculos para a identificação de mudança das práticas, de forma que o modelo de atenção em vigência não fica devidamente explicitado, a partir dos indicadores analisados. Conclui-se a necessidade de complementar a utilização do financiamento como dispositivo indutor de mudança de modelo com processos avaliativos voltados, especificamente, para a consolidação da APS abrangente.
Análise da implementação da Política Pública NutriSUS em Porto Ferreira, SP
Authors: Silva Natalia Pereira , Oliveira Julicristie Machado de
Published: April 2023

Resumo Este artigo teve como objetivo analisar a implementação do NutriSUS no município de Porto Ferreira, SP, e compreender as dissonâncias existentes entre seus pressupostos teóricos e práticos. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo e descritivo. Primeiramente, realizou-se análise documental de textos oficiais que estruturam a política, e posteriormente foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 12 gestores e executores do NutriSUS do município. A partir da análise do conteúdo das entrevistas, foram determinadas três categorias principais: (1) atributos de gestão e execução do NutriSUS; (2) fatores adicionais que influenciam o processo de implementação; e (3) percepção das profissionais entrevistadas quanto à política pública. Foi possível elencar pontos críticos do processo de implementação, tais como intersetorialidade não consolidada; falta de treinamento adequado de equipe; registro impreciso dos dados de cobertura; entraves burocráticos e administrativos relacionados à aquisição dos insumos e distribuição; falta de informação direcionada aos pais e/ou responsáveis, entre outros. Portanto, a identificação dess es pontos críticos, que evidenciam disparidades entre seus fundamentos e aplicação, podem contribuir para remodelações da política.
Estratégias de estudo e de aprendizagem de estudantes de Ensino Superior
Authors: Leal Fátima
Published: April 2023

Resumo Este estudo pretende identificar as estratégias de estudo e de aprendizagem utilizadas por estudantes de Ensino Superior. Participaram 48 jovens adultos voluntários, homens e mulheres, estudantes do primeiro e do terceiro anos de cursos de licenciatura em Psicologia e em Biologia, de uma instituição de Ensino Superior portuguesa. As idades variaram entre 18 e 25 anos. Este estudo, de cariz qualitativo e exploratório, realizado a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas e com recurso de análise de conteúdo, revelou que os estudantes utilizam estratégias de organização (organização da atividade de estudo e organização do material), cognitivas (leitura, identificação da informação mais relevante, apontamentos/anotações e escrita) e metacognitivas (monitorização da aprendizagem, planeamento e gestão do tempo e avaliação/ajuste das estratégias). Não foram encontradas diferenças entre os grupos, tendo em conta o curso, o ano de frequência e o sexo. Os resultados trazem evidências que enriquecem o conhecimento nesta área de investigação e implicações para a prática.
Higher Education in Brazil: Retrospective, current challenges and looking ahead
Authors: Pascuci Lucilaine Maria , Fishlow Albert
Published: April 2023

Abstract Higher Education has become an increasingly competitive field, and knowledge, its essence, has become a global commodity. Consequently, universities all over the world have been under pressure to respond to growing new demands quickly, dynamically and creatively. In the Brazilian context, overcoming the challenges that these Higher Education institutions face requires a significant effort to adapt and change, especially by public universities. In this essay we analyze the main challenges of Brazilian Higher Education institutions, especially those resulting from the Coronavirus crisis. We focus on challenges such as quality of Higher Education, funding and academic management. To this end, we explore some of the main changes that Higher Education institutions have undergone over time. We also highlight some alternative paths for those challenges, including reflections on opportunities that have arisen following the pandemic.