bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DISC1 exon 11 rare variants found more commonly in schizoaffective spectrum cases than controls
Authors: Green E.K. , Grozeva D. , Sims R. , Raybould R. , Forty L. , Gordon‐Smith K. , Russell E. , St. Clair D. , Young A.H. , Ferrier I.N. , Kirov G. , Jones I. , Jones L , Owen M.J. , O'Donovan M.C. , Craddock N.
Published: March 2011

We previously performed a linkage study using families identified through probands meeting criteria for DSM‐IV schizoaffective disorder, bipolar type (SABP) and observed a genome‐wide significant signal (LOD = 3.54) at chromosome 1q42 close to DISC1. An initial sequencing study of DISC1 using 14 unrelated DSM‐IV SABP samples from the linkage study identified 2 non‐synonymous coding SNPs in exon 11 in 2 separate individuals. Here we provide evidence of additional rare coding SNPs within exon 11. In sequencing exon 11 in 506 cases and 1,211 controls for variants that occurred only once, 4 additional rare variants were found in cases (P‐value = 0.008, Fisher's exact trend test). © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Incident cognitive impairment is elevated in the stroke belt: The REGARDS Study
Authors: Wadley Virginia G. , Unverzagt Frederick W. , McGuire Lisa C. , Moy Claudia S. , Go Rodney , Kissela Brett , McClure Leslie A. , Crowe Michael , Howard Virginia J. , Howard George
Published: March 2011

Objective:

To determine whether incidence of impaired cognitive screening status is higher in the southern Stroke Belt region of the United States than in the remaining United States.

Methods:

A national cohort of adults age ≥45 years was recruited by the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study from 2003 to 2007. Participants' global cognitive status was assessed annually by telephone with the Six‐Item Screener (SIS) and every 2 years with fluency and recall tasks. Participants who reported no stroke history and who were cognitively intact at enrollment (SIS >4 of 6) were included (N = 23,913, including 56% women; 38% African Americans and 62% European Americans; 56% Stroke Belt residents and 44% from the remaining contiguous United States and the District of Columbia). Regional differences in incident cognitive impairment (SIS score ≤4) were adjusted for age, sex, race, education, and time between first and last assessments.

Results:

A total of 1,937 participants (8.1%) declined to an SIS score ≤4 at their most recent assessment, over a mean of 4.1 (±1.6) years. Residents of the Stroke Belt had greater adjusted odds of incident cognitive impairment than non‐Belt residents (odds ratio, 1.18; 95% confidence interval, 1.07–1.30). All demographic factors and time independently predicted impairment.

Interpretation:

Regional disparities in cognitive decline mirror regional disparities in stroke mortality, suggesting shared risk factors for these adverse outcomes. Efforts to promote cerebrovascular and cognitive health should be directed to the Stroke Belt. ANN NEUROL 2011
Effect of the SA content of a novel thermo‐sensitive P(NIPAM‐co‐SA) copolymer on denatured lysozyme refolding in vitro
Authors: Jin Jia‐Yu , Guan Yi‐Xin , Yao Shan‐Jing
Published: March 2011

A novel hydrogel of P(NIPAM‐co‐SA) copolymer was synthesized by inverse suspension polymerization by adding sodium acrylate (SA) to improve the phase transition properties of poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM). The morphologies, size distribution and thermosensitive characteristics of gel particles were studied and the maximal swelling ratio and LCST (Lower Critical Solution Temperature) of gel particles increased obviously with the addition of SA comonomer. When the protein concentration was 250 μg/mL, the optimized refolding conditions of denatured lysozyme with P(NIPAM‐co‐SA) hydrogel were that operating at the temperature of 35°C and a urea concentration of 2M, in which the mass ratio of P(NIPAM‐co‐SA) hydrogel with 4% SA copolymerized to lysozyme was 10 : 1. Under the optimized conditions, the activity recovery of lysozyme increased to 76.5% assisted by P(NIPAM‐co‐SA) gel particles compared with 55.6% by simple dilution. When refolding finished, the gel particles could be removed and recovered easily and the activity recovery of lysozyme was still as high as 61.5% after reused for 5 batches. With the addition of different amounts of SA comonomer, the hydrophobicity of the copolymer could be varied. Then the copolymerized hydrogel inhibits protein molecules aggregation more effectively through the moderate hydrophobic interactions between copolymers and protein molecules in the course of lysozyme refolding compared with the presence of PNIPAM polymer. All results above demonstrate that the P(NIPAM‐co‐SA) is a cost effective additive with tunable hydrophobicity for application in the refolding of recombinant proteins expressed as inclusion bodies in vitro. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
The interface interaction between water‐soluble chitosan (DD = 50%) and peroxide bleached reed kraft pulp
Authors: Gu Wenjuan , Li Houbin , Zhan Huaiyu , Ding Jun , Zhang Xiaohui
Published: March 2011

The adsorption and the interactions of water‐soluble chitosan (DD = 50%) with main components of reed pulp suspensions were investigated with phenol/sulfuric acid spectrophotometry, microelctrophoresis, and retention/drainage methods. The results showed that the Zeta potential of peroxide bleached reed kraft pulp transformed from negative to zero and then to positive because of the adsorption of water‐soluble chitosan. Nonelectrostatic forces (hydrogen bonding, Van der Waals force) existed between the fibers and water‐soluble chitosan; electrostatic force existed between cellulose fines and water‐soluble chitosan. The experimental results showed that the fines existed in pulp suspension would aggregate upon the addition of water‐soluble chitosan. The degree of flocculation was affected by the type of cellulose substrates, the electrolyte concentration and pH in the background. With the increase of NaCl concentration, the flocculation performance of water‐soluble chitosan decreased slightly for unwashed pulp, whereas the flocculation efficiency of water‐soluble chitosan decreased significantly for fine suspension. These adsorption and flocculation resulted in excellent drainage performance of reed pulp, for example, the 0SR of cellulosic pulp was reduced by about 39 or 18% at CNaCl = 0 mol/L, at pH 5 or pH 7, respectively. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Diazotization‐iodination of aromatic amines in water mediated by crosslinked poly(4‐vinylpyridine) supported sodium nitrite
Authors: Karimi Zarchi Mohammad Ali , Ebrahimi Nahid
Published: March 2011

An Efficient and simple method for the diazotization of a wide range of aryl amines has been developed by using a polymer‐supported sodium nitrite. The diazotization of aryl amines occurred with crosslinked poly(4‐vinylpyridine)‐supported sodium nitrite, in the presence of concentrated H2SO4, at low temperature (0–5°C). The obtained diazonium salt, followed by treatment with KI in water at room temperature or at 60°C to produce a various of aryl iodides. The spent polymeric reagent can be regenerated and reused for several times without losing its activity. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011
Synthesis and Evaluation of Antibacterial Activities of 5,7‐Dihydroxycoumarin Derivatives
Authors: Chin Yi‐Ping , Huang Wei‐Jan , Hsu Feng‐Lin , Lin Yuh‐Ling , Lin Mei‐Hsiang
Published: March 2011

This study examines the synthesis and antibacterial activities of 5,7‐dihydroxycoumarin derivatives, whose structures were confirmed using analytical and spectral data. Twenty compounds were tested for their antibacterial activities against five microbial species such as E. coli, S. aureus, K. pneumonia, P. aeruginosa, and S. typhimurium were studied. Compounds 5 and 12 exhibited the most potent activity against Staphylococcus aureus with a MIC value of 2.5 µg/mL for each of the compounds.
Robust stability of Markovian jumping genetic regulatory networks with disturbance attenuation
Authors: Yao Yingtao , Liang Jinling , Cao Jinde
Published: March 2011

Because of intracellular and extracellular noise perturbations and environment fluctuations, gene regulation is an intrinsically noisy process. In this paper, we present a hybrid genetic regulatory network (GRN) model which is based on the Markov chain. The GRNs are composed of N modes and the network switches from one mode to another according to a Markov chain with known transition probability. Time‐delays here are mode‐dependent. Based on the Lyapunov stability theory and the linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique, sufficient conditions are given to ensure the stochastic stability of the GRNs with polytopic uncertainties and disturbance attenuation. All the conditions are presented in terms of LMIs which are easily verified via the LMI toolbox. Examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.

Copyright © 2011 John Wiley and Sons Asia Pte Ltd and Chinese Automatic Control Society
Effect of alcohol drinking and cigarette smoking on neutrophil functions in adults
Authors: Sato Junya , Takahashi Ippei , Umeda Takashi , Matsuzaka Masashi , Danjyo Kazuma , Tsuya Ryosuke , Kida Kazuyuki , Takami Hideki , Nakaji Shigeyuki
Published: March 2011

In recent years, the effects of smoking and excessive alcohol consumption on immune function have been studied, due to a high prevalence of infection or cancer in heavy drinkers, and the combination of smoking and drinking was considered to be a carcinogenic risk. However, the effect of smoking and drinking on systemic immune function has yet to be clearly understood. In this study, we investigated neutrophil functions (reactive oxygen species (ROS) productive activity, phagocytic ability and serum opsonic activity) and their relationship with alcohol consumption or amount of smoking. In total there were 731 male and female adult subjects who participated in the Iwaki Health Promotion Project in 2005. Multiple regression analysis showed a trend of increased ROS production in male subjects and a statistically significant decrease was observed in phagocytic activity caused by smoking in female subjects. In other words, oxidative stress caused by smoking in male subjects may be involved in ROS production from neutrophils. Decreased phagocytic activity of neutrophils caused by smoking suggests that host defense functions were impaired in female subjects. A relationship between neutrophil functions and the amount of alcohol consumption was not observed. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mapping the yeast host cell response to recombinant membrane protein production: Relieving the biological bottlenecks
Authors: Ashe Mark P. , Bill Roslyn M.
Published: March 2011

Understanding the structures and functions of membrane proteins is an active area of research within bioscience. Membrane proteins are key players in essential cellular processes such as the uptake of nutrients, the export of waste products, and the way in which cells communicate with their environment. It is therefore not surprising that membrane proteins are targeted by over half of all prescription drugs. Since most membrane proteins are not abundant in their native membranes, it is necessary to produce them in recombinant host cells to enable further structural and functional studies. Unfortunately, achieving the required yields of functional recombinant membrane proteins is still a bottleneck in contemporary bioscience. This has highlighted the need for defined and rational optimization strategies based upon experimental observation rather than relying on trial and error. We have published a transcriptome and subsequent genetic analysis that has identified genes implicated in high‐yielding yeast cells. These results have highlighted a role for alterations to a cell's protein synthetic capacity in the production of high yields of recombinant membrane protein: paradoxically, reduced protein synthesis favors higher yields. These results highlight a potential bottleneck at the protein folding or translocation stage of protein production.
An empirical modeling platform to evaluate the relative control discrete CHO cell synthetic processes exert over recombinant monoclonal antibody production process titer
Authors: McLeod Jane , O'Callaghan Peter M. , Pybus Leon P. , Wilkinson Stephen J. , Root Tracy , Racher Andrew J. , James David C.
Published: March 2011

In this study we have combined empirically derived mathematical models of intracellular Mab synthesis to quantitatively compare the degree to which individual cellular processes limit recombinant IgG4 monoclonal antibody production by GS‐CHO cells throughout a state‐of‐the‐art industrial fed‐batch culture process. Based on the calculation of a production process control coefficient for each stage of the intracellular Mab synthesis and secretion pathway, we identified the major cellular restrictions on Mab production throughout the entire culture process to be recombinant heavy chain gene transcription and heavy chain mRNA translation. Surprisingly, despite a substantial decline in the rate of cellular biomass synthesis during culture, with a concomitant decline in the calculated rate constants for energy‐intensive Mab synthetic processes (Mab folding/assembly and secretion), these did not exert significant control of Mab synthesis at any stage of production. Instead, cell‐specific Mab production was maintained by increased Mab gene transcription which offset the decline in cellular biosynthetic rates. Importantly, this study shows that application of this whole‐process predictive modeling strategy should rationally precede and inform cell engineering approaches to increase production of a recombinant protein by a mammalian host cell—where control of productivity is inherently protein product and cell line specific. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2011;108:2193–2204. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Real‐time PCR (qPCR) primer design using free online software
Authors: Thornton Brenda , Basu Chhandak
Published: March 2011

Real‐time PCR (quantitative PCR or qPCR) has become the preferred method for validating results obtained from assays which measure gene expression profiles. The process uses reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), coupled with fluorescent chemistry, to measure variations in transcriptome levels between samples. The four most commonly used fluorescent chemistries are SYBR® Green dyes and TaqMan®, Molecular Beacon or Scorpion probes. SYBR® Green is very simple to use and cost efficient. As SYBR® Green dye binds to any double‐stranded DNA product, its success depends greatly on proper primer design. Many types of online primer design software are available, which can be used free of charge to design desirable SYBR® Green‐based qPCR primers. This laboratory exercise is intended for those who have a fundamental background in PCR. It addresses the basic fluorescent chemistries of real‐time PCR, the basic rules and pitfalls of primer design, and provides a step‐by‐step protocol for designing SYBR® Green‐based primers with free, online software. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education Vol. 39, No. 2, pp. 145–154, 2011
Intergenerational possession transfers and identity maintenance
Authors: Curasi Carolyn F.
Published: March 2011

Research suggests that older consumers hope to transfer their cherished possessions, bundled with their carefully edited personal history, to younger family members. Further, researchers have found that older consumers worry that their younger loved ones will not care about these cherished, transferred possessions. Using a random, national US sample, this research investigates these findings, examining the pervasiveness of some of the most common themes emanating from previous naturalistic investigations, thus broadening our understanding of intergenerational possession transfers.

Findings indicate that many of the key themes in intergenerational possession transfers conducted in naturalistic investigations can be generalized to a majority of the adult population in the US. That is, in this random, national US sample, a majority of respondents report: that they hope their loved ones will care about their cherished possessions, that they plan to pass their family possessions on to subsequent generations, and that their familial possessions reflect their family identity. Findings also indicate that this was significant among all adult age groups, and that females value cherished possessions more than males. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimized Production of Protein Crystals: From 1D Crystallization Slot towards 2D Supersaturation B22 Diagram
Authors: Wanka J. , Peukert W.
Published: March 2011

The second osmotic virial coefficient, B22, of protein solutions is a function of the protein interaction potentials and, thus, summarizes many solution parameters leading to crystallization or precipitation of proteins. B22 of hen egg‐white lysozyme and bovine serum albumin was measured by static light scattering under the variation of pH, temperature, and crystallization agents. Comparing B22 values and precipitate morphology in a systematically analyzed range of solution conditions allows the construction of the so‐called crystallization slot. The thermodynamic driving force for crystallization is supersaturation, which is set by the protein concentration and the solubility (related to B22). Hence, besides the optimal B22 range, the protein concentration and, if solubilities are available, the supersaturation leads to a two‐dimensional crystallization window where crystal formation is possible. This is shown in a generalized state diagram, where protein morphologies are solely determined as a function of protein concentration or supersaturation and interactions.
Growth Kinetics of Cane Sugar Crystals by Image Analysis
Authors: Parisi M. , Ribeaux Kindelán G. , Chianese A.
Published: March 2011

This work reports an experimental investigation on sucrose crystal growth. Single crystals in a supersaturated solution were observed under a digital microscope. The changes in crystal lengths along the two dimensions with time were measured and the linear growth rates were determined. Significant growth rate dispersion among different crystals was detected so that further investigation of crystal growth was performed on the same crystal. The effects of temperature and mother liquor concentration on crystal growth were investigated and the obtained results were in agreement with other research works. Finally, the influence of a magnetic field on the growth rate was checked. At an intensity of 0.5 T, the magnetic field seems to slightly enhance the crystal growth rate; however, this effect is quite small.
Effect of Supersaturation and Thermodynamics on Co‐Crystal Formation
Authors: Lee K.‐C. , Kim K.‐J.
Published: March 2011

Ternary solid‐liquid equilibrium diagrams of the system methanol/carbamazepine (CBZ)/nicotinamide (NCT) were generated and are discussed in the range between 5 and 50 °C. A study of the phase diagrams reveals that co‐crystals could successfully be prepared. An evaporative crystallization method was used to prepare the co‐crystals. By increasing the temperature, the co‐crystal solubilities increased. In most cases, the co‐crystals formed near room temperature. Regions for co‐crystal, CBZ + co‐crystal, NCT + co‐crystal, CBZ crystal, and NCT crystal formation, and for the saturated solution are visible in the ternary diagram. In the region of supersaturation of S > 2.2, co‐crystals were formed.
Influence of Crystallization Conditions on the Growth of Polycrystalline Particles
Authors: Beck R. , Flaten E. , Andreassen J.‐P.
Published: March 2011

The effect of initial supersaturation and temperature on crystal morphology below and above the threshold for the onset of spherulitic growth has been compared for calcium carbonate, L‐glutamic acid, and an aromatic amine derivative in aqueous systems. For the vaterite polymorph of calcium carbonate is has also been documented how spherulites (polycrystalline particles) develop with time in a solvent mixture of water and monoethylene glycol. For the three studied substances, the temperature was found to have different effects on the compactness of the crystals. The influence of supersaturation on the onset of spherulitic growth and particle morphology, however, bears striking similarities for the investigated substances. While monocrystalline particles are found at low supersaturation, polycrystalline particles form with increasing degree of branching when supersaturation is increased.
Classification of Organic Solvents Revisited by Using the COSMO‐RS Approach
Authors: Durand Morgan , Molinier Valérie , Kunz Werner , Aubry Jean‐Marie
Published: March 2011

A new approach for the classification of solvents is proposed, based solely on the solvent molecular structure and relying on the “COnductor‐like Screening MOdel for Real Solvents” (COSMO‐RS), in which solvents are considered in their liquid state. This approach provides an a priori classification without requiring the knowledge of any experimental data. The theoretical descriptors of the proposed classification are generated through the analysis of the COSMO‐RS σ‐potential profiles. By applying a two‐step statistical procedure to the descriptors generated for a set of 153 representative solvents, a clustering into 10 classes leads to an optimal classification that is compared to the classical Chastrette’s classification. The investigation of nitrocellulose solubility allows a validation of the proposed classification, which can be extended also to solvent mixtures. This new approach for solvent classification, thus, appears as a consistent tool for the design of new solvents and their formulation.
Fluorometric Sensing of Biogenic Amines with Aggregation‐Induced Emission‐Active Tetraphenylethenes
Authors: Nakamura Mitsutaka , Sanji Takanobu , Tanaka Masato
Published: March 2011

A fluorometric sensor for detection and identification of biogenic amines with carboxylic acid modified tetraphenylethenes (TPEs) based on aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) is reported. A mixture of the carboxylic acid substituted TPE and biogenic amines displayed a blue emission on aggregation, which serves as a “turn‐on” fluorescent sensor for the amines, the degree of fluorescence enhancement being dependent on the amine. The chromic responses were utilized to distinguish the amines. A fluorometric sensor array of three TPEs with carboxylic acid groups was shown to identify accurately 10 different amines, including biogenic amines. The response patterns were systematically classified by using linear discriminant analysis (LDA) with 98 % classification accuracy. Additional information on the concentration of histamine in a “tuna fish matrix” as an example was assessed by the further analysis of the fluorescence intensity, demonstrating a test for food freshness and quality.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Structure and Raman Spectroscopic Study of K5[CuO2][CO3].
Authors: Ali Naveed Zafar , Nuss Juergen , Jansen Martin
Published: March 2011

Dark yellow single crystals of the title compound are prepared by heating stoichiometric mixtures of CuO, KN3, KNO3, and K2CO3 followed by annealing at 833 K for 50 h.
ChemInform Abstract: Low‐Energy Path to Dense HfO2 Thin Films with Aqueous Precursor.
Authors: Jiang Kai , Anderson Jeremy T. , Hoshino Ken , Li Dong , Wager John F. , Keszler Douglas A.
Published: March 2011

High‐quality, smooth and dense HfO2 thin films are deposited by spin coating using an aqueous H2O2/HNO3 solution of the precipitate obtained from an aq.
ChemInform Abstract: Structural Diversity and Thermochromic Properties of Iodobismuthate Materials Containing d‐Metal Coordination Cations: Observation of a High Symmetry [Bi3I11]2‐ Anion and of Isolated I‐ Anions.
Authors: Goforth Andrea M. , Tershansy Meredith A. , Smith Mark D. , Peterson LeRoy Jr. , Kelley Jennifer G. , DeBenedetti William J. I. , zur Loye Hans‐Conrad
Published: March 2011

The new compounds (III), (V), (VI), and (VII) are structurally characterized by single crystal XRD.
ChemInform Abstract: Diastereoselective Michael Addition of Magnesium Amide to O‐(2‐Alkenoyl)TEMPOs and Comparison of Reactivity with Acyl Substituent‐Modified Carboxylic Analogues.
Authors: Ma Li‐Jian , Mei Zhen‐Wu , Toyohara Keisuke , Kawafuchi Hiroyuki , Nokami Junzo , Inokuchi Tsutomu
Published: March 2011

Highly diastereoselective addition of Mg amides, derived from optically active secondary amines [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Quinidine Thiourea‐Catalyzed Aldol Reaction of Unactivated Ketones: Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of 3‐Alkyl‐3‐hydroxyindolin‐2‐ones.
Authors: Guo Qunsheng , Bhanushali Mayur , Zhao Cong‐Gui
Published: March 2011

The asymmetric aldol reaction of unactivated ketones and activated carbonyl compounds is realized with a quinidine‐derived thiourea catalyst, and involves an enolate mechanism instead of the widely used enamine mechanism.
ChemInform Abstract: Alkyl 4‐Chlorobenzoyloxycarbamates as Highly Effective Nitrogen Source Reagents for the Base‐Free, Intermolecular Aminohydroxylation Reaction.
Authors: Harris Lawrence , Mee Simon P. H. , Furneaux Richard H. , Gainsford Graeme J. , Luxenburger Andreas
Published: March 2011

In the presence of OsO4, various alkenes undergo efficient aminohydroxylation with the carbamates (II).
ChemInform Abstract: Reversal of Diastereoselectivity in Reactions of the Trifluoroacetaldehyde Ethyl Hemiacetal with Enamines and Imines: Metal‐Free, Complementary anti‐ and syn‐Selective Synthesis of 4,4,4‐Trifluoro‐1‐aryl‐3‐hydroxy‐2‐methyl‐1‐butanones.
Authors: Funabiki Kazumasa , Matsunaga Kei , Gonda Hiroshi , Yamamoto Hitoshi , Arima Takao , Kubota Yasuhiro , Matsui Masaki
Published: March 2011

Treatment of the hemiacetal (II) with imines of type (I) is found to result in efficient formation of syn‐adducts like (III).
ChemInform Abstract: A Practical Iodination of Aromatic Compounds by Using Iodine and Iodic Acid.
Authors: Shinde Avinash T. , Zangade Sainath B. , Chavan Shivaji B. , Vibhute Archana Y. , Nalwar Yogesh S. , Vibhute Yeshwant B.
Published: March 2011

A simple, mild, and efficient method for the iodination of various aromatic amines, hydroxy aromatic aldehydes, hydroxy acetophenones and phenols is presented (34 examples).
ChemInform Abstract: Mild Approach to the Deprotection of Troc from Protected Amines Using Mischmetal and TMSCl.
Authors: Vellemaee Eerold , Stepanov Vladimir , Maeeorg Uno
Published: March 2011

A new mild and economic deprotection method for 2,2,2‐trichloroethoxycarbonyl‐protected amines in the presence of Tms‐Cl‐activated mischmetal is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Tri‐ and Diaryloxybenzenes by Rhodium‐Catalyzed Complete Intermolecular [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition of Aryl Ethynyl Ethers.
Authors: Komine Yoshiyuki , Miyauchi Yuta , Kobayashi Masayuki , Tanaka Ken
Published: March 2011

A cationic Rh(I)‐H8‐BINAP complex efficiently catalyzes the cross [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of aryl ethynyl ethers (I) with internal alkynes (II) and homo [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition of (I).
ChemInform Abstract: The Solar‐Chemical Photo‐Friedel—Crafts Heteroacylation of 1,4‐Quinones.
Authors: Benites Julio , Rios David , Diaz Pilar , Valderrama Jaime A.
Published: March 2011

A simple procedure using sunlight irradiation (30 h within 6 days) is presented for the acylation of 1,4‐quinones with heteroaromatic aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient and High‐Yielding Protocol for the Synthesis of Nitriles from Aldehydes.
Authors: Reddy M. B. Madhusudana , Pasha M. A.
Published: March 2011

The reaction works with multi‐substituted aryl aldehydes as well.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of Aryl Methyl Sulfide Derivatives Using (Methylthio)trimethylsilane as Methylthiolation Reagent.
Authors: Qiao Qi , Dominique Romyr , Sidduri Achyutharao , Lou Jianping , Goodnow Robert A. Jr.
Published: March 2011

Methyl trimethylsilyl sulfide is used for the first time as methylthiolation reagent for the nucleophilic displacement of aromatic nitro groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Carbonates Directly from 1 atm CO2 and Alcohols Using CH2Cl2.
Authors: Yamazaki Yusuke , Kakuma Kasumi , Du Ya , Saito Susumu
Published: March 2011

A new general synthesis of carbonates involves reaction of aliphatic, allylic and benzylic alcohols with carbon dioxide in the presence of Cs2CO3 and CH2Cl2 as reagents.
ChemInform Abstract: P‐Phenyl‐2,2,6,6‐tetramethylphosphorinan‐4‐ol: An Air‐Stable P,O‐Type Ligand for Palladium‐Mediated Cross‐Coupling Reactions.
Authors: Ullah Ehsan , McNulty James , Larichev Vladimir , Robertson Al J.
Published: March 2011

The novel catalyst is applied to the reaction of aryl halides with boronic acids or amines.
ChemInform Abstract: Biopolymer‐Metal Complex Wool—Pd as a Highly Active Heterogeneous Catalyst for Heck Reaction in Aqueous Media.
Authors: Wu Shang , Ma Hengchang , Jia Xiaojie , Zhong Yunmei , Lei Ziqiang
Published: March 2011

The new heterogeneous system Pd—wool is used for reactions of aryl halides with various olefins.
ChemInform Abstract: Rhenium‐Catalyzed Insertion of Terminal Alkenes into a C(sp2)—H Bond and Successive Transfer Hydrogenation.
Authors: Kuninobu Yoichiro , Nakahara Takahiro , Yu Peng , Takai Kazuhiko
Published: March 2011

In the presence of HRe(CO)4 aromatic aldimines react with terminal alkenes to afford synthetically important 2‐alkenylbenzylamines.
ChemInform Abstract: AlCl3‐Promoted Highly Regio‐ and Diastereoselective [3 + 2] Cycloadditions of Activated Cyclopropanes and Aromatic Aldehydes: Construction of 2,5‐Diaryl‐3,3,4‐trisubstituted Tetrahydrofurans.
Authors: Yang Gaosheng , Shen Yue , Li Kui , Sun Yongxian , Hua Yuanyuan
Published: March 2011

The reaction with electron‐rich aromatic aldehydes allows facile and selective access to 2,4‐trans‐2,5‐trans‐pentasubstituted tetrahydrofurans.
ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Synthesis of a Benzo[b]furan Building Block.
Authors: Lee Jaekyoo , Khanapure Subhash P. , Kim Hwa‐Ok , Rajur Raj , Li Bing , Williams John D. , Pai Ramdas , Peet Norton P.
Published: March 2011

A practical synthesis of the previously unreported 5‐formylbenzo[b]furan‐2‐carbonitrile (VIII) is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Palladium‐Catalyzed C—H Arylation of 2,5‐Substituted Pyrroles.
Authors: Wagner Anna M. , Sanford Melanie S.
Published: March 2011

The process represents a mild and attractive method for mono‐ and diarylation to produce polysubstituted pyrrole derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Fischer Indole Synthesis with Organozinc Reagents.
Authors: Haag Benjamin A. , Zhang Zhi‐Guang , Li Jin‐Shan , Knochel Paul
Published: March 2011

Primary and secondary alkylzinc reagents add to various aryldiazonium salts leading to polyfunctional indoles by means of a [3,3]‐sigmatropic shift and subsequent aromatization.
ChemInform Abstract: Highly Efficient Synthesis of Cyclic Carbonates from Epoxides Catalyzed by Indium Tribromide System.
Authors: Shibata Ikuya , Mitani Ikuko , Imakuni Akira , Baba Akio
Published: March 2011

The reaction of substituted epoxides with CO2 under mild conditions allows the preparation of title compounds with tolerance of a variety of functional groups.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Oxazolones and α‐Aminoketones via Palladium‐Catalyzed Reaction of β,β‐Dibromoenamides.
Authors: Chai David I. , Hoffmeister Laura , Lautens Mark
Published: March 2011

The reaction of β,β‐dibromoenamides bearing an ester group at the nitrogen with boronic acids leads to formation of oxazolones [cf.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Studies of Some Bioactive Thiazolotriazole Derivatives.
Authors: Kumsi Manjunatha , Poojary Boja , Lobo Prajwal Lourdes , Kumari Nalilu Suchetha , Chullikana Anoop
Published: March 2011

A variety of new substituted thiazolo[3,2‐b]triazole derivatives incorporating the Ibuprofen moiety is synthesized based on the three‐component reaction of triazolethione (IV) with monochloroacetic acid and (het)aromatic aldehydes.
ChemInform Abstract: Non‐Magnetic and Magnetic Supported Copper(I) Chelating Adsorbents as Efficient Heterogeneous Catalysts and Copper Scavengers for Click Chemistry.
Authors: Megia‐Fernandez Alicia , Ortega‐Munoz Mariano , Lopez‐Jaramillo Javier , Hernandez‐Mateo Fernando , Santoyo‐Gonzalez Francisco
Published: March 2011

The title compounds (I) and (II) are efficient ligands for Cu(I)‐catalyzed click reactions using a variety of alkynes and azides.
ChemInform Abstract: Complementary Regioselectivity in the Cu(I)‐Catalyzed Diamination of Conjugated Dienes to Form Cyclic Sulfamides.
Authors: Cornwall Richard G. , Zhao Baoguo , Shi Yian
Published: March 2011

Diamination takes place at the terminal double bond of the dienyl substrates using the CuCl/PBu3 catalytic system, while CuBr alone changes the reaction path to diamination at the internal double bond.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Functionalized 3,4‐Dihydropyrans via Rearrangement of the Products of a One‐Pot Diastereoselective Assembly of Ketones and Acetylene.
Authors: Schmidt Elena Yu. , Trofimov Boris A. , Zorina Nadezhda V. , Mikhaleva Albina I. , Ushakov Igor A. , Skital'tseva Elena V. , Kazheva Olga N. , Alexandrov Grigorii G. , Dyachenko Oleg A.
Published: March 2011

The reaction of the bicyclooctanes, previously formed from ketones and acetylene, is catalyzed by TFA and proceeds within seconds to afford the highly substituted dihydropyrans with complete diastereoselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 2‐Perfluoroalkyl 4H‐ and 2H‐Chromenylphosphonates Mediated by Amines and Phosphines.
Authors: Duda Blazej , Tverdomed Sergey N. , Roeschenthaler Gerd‐Volker
Published: March 2011

New, convenient methods to prepare biologically important title compounds are reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Platinum/Scandium‐Cocatalyzed Cascade Cyclization and Ring‐Opening Reaction of Tertiary Amines with Substituted Salicylaldehydes to Synthesize 3‐(Aminoalkyl)coumarins.
Authors: Xia Xiao‐Feng , Shu Xing‐Zhong , Ji Ke‐Gong , Shaukat Ali , Liu Xue‐Yuan , Liang Yong‐Min
Published: March 2011

It provides a new, straightforward, and widely applicable method to prepare 3‐(aminoalkyl)coumarins.
ChemInform Abstract: Divergent Products Obtained from the Reactions of Salicylaldehyde and 4‐Hydroxycoumarin in TEBAC‐H2O, KF‐Al2O3‐EtOH, and Ionic Liquid.
Authors: Wang Xiang‐Shan , Zhou Jie , Yang Ke , Zhang Mei‐Mei
Published: March 2011

Compounds (V) are intermediates for the formation of either products (III) or (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: Expeditious Pechmann Condensation by Using Biodegradable Cellulose Sulfuric Acid as a Solid Acid Catalyst.
Authors: Kuarm B. Suresh , Madhav J. Venu , Laxmi S. Vijaya , Rajitha B. , Reddy Y. Thirupathi , Reddy P. Narsimha , Crooks Peter A.
Published: March 2011

The reaction is conducted under solvent‐free conditions and can also be carried out without microwave irradiation but with prolonged reaction time.
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Synthesis of Chiral N‐Sulfinyl 3‐Alkyl‐ and 3‐Arylpiperidines by α‐Alkylation of N‐Sulfinyl Imidates with 1‐Chloro‐3‐iodopropane.
Authors: Colpaert Filip , Mangelinckx Sven , De Kimpe Norbert
Published: March 2011

A new and efficient method to prepare enantiomerically pure 3‐substituted piperidines is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: CuI/I2‐Promoted Electrophilic Tandem Cyclization of 2‐Ethynylbenzaldehydes with ortho‐Benzenediamines: Synthesis of Iodoisoquinoline‐Fused Benzimidazoles.
Authors: Ouyang Huang‐Che , Tang Ri‐Yuan , Zhong Ping , Zhang Xing‐Guo , Li Jin‐Heng
Published: March 2011

The title reaction allows a new, convenient access to synthetically and biologically important benzimidazoles of type (III).
ChemInform Abstract: 4‐Chloro‐3‐(trifluoroacetyl)coumarin as a Novel Building Block for the Synthesis of 7‐(Trifluoromethyl)‐6H‐chromeno[4,3‐b]quinolin‐6‐ones.
Authors: Iaroshenko Viktor O. , Ali Sajid , Babar Tariq Mahmood , Dudkin Sergii , Mkrtchyan Satenik , Rama Nasim Hasan , Villinger Alexander , Langer Peter
Published: March 2011

An efficient synthesis of chromenoquinolinone derivatives (IV) (14 examples) is achieved through reaction of coumarin (I) with anilines followed by intramolecular cyclization of intermediates (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Domino N—H/C—H Bond Activation: Copper‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Nitrogen‐Bridgehead Heterocycles Using Azoles and 1,4‐Dihalo‐1,3‐dienes.
Authors: Liao Qian , Zhang Liyun , Li Shutao , Xi Chanjuan
Published: March 2011

The reaction proceeds with high regioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: 5‐Aminouracil as a Building Block in Heterocyclic Synthesis. Part 3. One‐Pot Synthesis of Novel Pyrimido[5,4‐b]quinoline‐2,4,9‐triones and Pyrimido[5,4‐c]isoquinolines.
Authors: Shaker Raafat M. , Sadek Kamal U. , Hafez Ebtisam A. , Elrady Mohamed Abd
Published: March 2011

Efficient and direct protocols for the regioselective synthesis of the title compounds (IV) and (IX), resp., using multicomponent reactions of 5‐aminouracil (II) are given.
ChemInform Abstract: [4 + 3] Cycloaddition of Aromatic α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes and Ketones with Epoxides: One‐Step Approach to Synthesize Seven‐Membered Oxacycles Catalyzed by Lewis Acid.
Authors: Zhou Yu‐Qiang , Wang Nai‐Xing , Zhou Shu‐Bao , Huang Zhong , Cao Linghua
Published: March 2011

It allows a new and mild access to 7‐membered oxacycles such as (III), (VI), (VIII), and (IX).
ChemInform Abstract: Asymmetric Organocatalytic Conjugate Addition of Diarylphosphane Oxides to Chalcones.
Authors: Russo Alessio , Lattanzi Alessandra
Published: March 2011

A wide range of trans‐chalcones, bearing electron‐donating and electron‐withdrawing groups in both aromatic substituents is tolerated in the reaction, catalyzed by dihydroquinine alkaloid.
ChemInform Abstract: Electrophilic Cyclization of 3‐Alkynyl‐4‐chalcogen‐2H‐chromenes: Synthesis of 3‐Halo‐chalcogenophene[3,2‐c]chromene Derivatives.
Authors: Speranca Adriane , Godoi Benhur , Costa Michael Daniel , Menezes Paulo Henrique , Zeni Gilson
Published: March 2011

Iodocyclization of lithiated 3‐alkynyl‐4‐chalcogen‐2H‐chromenes with elemental iodine offers an efficient synthesis of 3‐iodo‐chalcogenophene‐chromenes in good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: One‐Pot Synthesis of Selenoureas and Selenocarbamates via Selenation of Isocyanates with Bis(dimethylaluminum) Selenide.
Authors: Maeda Hajime , Takashima Masaru , Sakata Koichi , Watanabe Tatsuya , Honda Mitsunori , Segi Masahito
Published: March 2011

A direct selenation of isocyanates to isoselenocyanates is developed using freshly generated (Me2)2Se.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of D‐Glucosamine‐Modified Benzo[d][1,2]selenazol‐3‐(2H)‐one Derivatives.
Authors: Zhang Zhongwei , Ren Sumei , Wan Shengbiao , Li Wei , Jiang Tao
Published: March 2011

An efficient synthetic method for the preparation of organoselenium‐saccharide derivates (III), (V), (VII), and (X) are developed via a cyclization reaction.
ChemInform Abstract: A Practical Synthesis of trans‐3‐Substituted Proline Derivatives Through 1,4‐Addition.
Authors: Huy Peter , Neudoerfl Joerg‐Martin , Schmalz Hans‐Guenther
Published: March 2011

A short synthesis of trans‐3‐substituted proline derivatives such as (VII) is accomplished by Cu‐catalyzed addition of Grignard reagents to dehydroproline esters (III).
ChemInform Abstract: Two Novel Alkaloids from the South China Sea Marine Sponge Dysidea sp.
Authors: Liu Yonghong , et al. et al.
Published: March 2011

Two new alkaloids, dysideanins A (I) and B (II), are isolated along with two known diketopiperazinones, and their structures are determined by NMR and MS analyses.
ChemInform Abstract: Hatomarubigin E, a Biosynthetic Intermediate of Hatomarubigins C and a Substrate of HrbU O‐Methyltransferase
Authors: Kawasaki Takashi , Yamada Yuki , Maruta Tomoka , Maeda Ayumi , Hayakawa Yoichi
Published: March 2011

isolation, structure elucidation and ezymatic conversion of title antibiotic (I)
ChemInform Abstract: Manganites ‐ Structural Aspects
Authors: Szytula A.
Published: March 2011

Review: 20 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: How Reactivity of Solid Changes When Particle Size Decreases to Nanometer Regime?
Authors: Senna Mamoru
Published: March 2011

Review: 46 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Hydroxycarbonyl Complexes as Key Intermediates in the Base‐Assisted Reduction of Ruthenium Carbonyls
Authors: Sinha Arup , Ghatak Tapas , Bera Jitendra K.
Published: March 2011

Review: 139 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Polymer‐Coated Magnetic Carbonyl Iron Microparticles and Their Magnetorheological Characteristics
Authors: Park Bong Jun , Fang Fei Fei , Zhang Ke , Choi Hyoung Jin
Published: March 2011

Review: 49 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: The [4 + 3]‐Cycloaddition Reaction: Simple Allylic Cations as Dienophiles
Authors: Harmata Michael
Published: March 2011

Review: 132 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Mechanically Interlocked Molecular Architectures Functionalized with Fullerenes
Authors: Mateo‐Alonso Aurelio
Published: March 2011

Review: fullerene‐rotaxanes, porphyrin‐C60 dyads; 66 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Phosphine—Boranes and Related Ambiphilic Compounds: Synthesis, Structure, and Coordination to Transition Metals
Authors: Bouhadir Ghenwa , Amgoune Abderrahmane , Bourissou Didier
Published: March 2011

Review: ca. 150 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: New Approaches in Precise Synthesis of Polyolefins Containing Polar Functionalities by Olefin Copolymerizations Using Transition Metal Catalysts
Authors: Nomura Kotohiro
Published: March 2011

Review: about 50 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Progress in Reaction‐Controlled Phase‐Transfer Catalysis
Authors: Li Jun , Gao Shuang , Xi Zuwei
Published: March 2011

Review: 37 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Covalent Heterogenization of Asymmetric Catalysts on Polymers and Nanoparticles
Authors: Jimeno Ciril , Sayalero Sonia , Pericas Miquel A.
Published: March 2011

Review: 153 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Chemical Control of Stem Cell Fate and Developmental Potential
Authors: Lyssiotis Costas A. , Lairson Luke L. , Boitano Anthony E. , Wurdak Heiko , Zhu Shoutian , Schultz Peter G.
Published: March 2011

Review: 396 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: DNA as Supramolecular Scaffold for Functional Molecules: Progress in DNA Nanotechnology
Authors: Bandy Thomas J. , Brewer Ashley , Burns Jonathan R. , Marth Gabriella , Nguyen ThaoNguyen , Stulz Eugen
Published: March 2011

Review: 74 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Molecular Tracers for the PET and SPECT Imaging of Disease
Authors: Pimlott Sally L. , Sutherland Andrew
Published: March 2011

Review: 77 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: Biomedical Applications of Dendrimers: A Tutorial
Authors: Mintzer Meredith A. , Grinstaff Mark W.
Published: March 2011

Review: 96 refs.
ChemInform Abstract: In situ Photochemistry with NMR Detection of Organometallic Complexes
Authors: Ball Graham E.
Published: March 2011

Review: 88 refs.
Researches on Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of Composite Modified Double‐base Propellants
Authors: Tang Zhan , Ren Yan , Yang Li , Zhang Tonglai , Qiao Xiaojing , Zhang Jianguo , Zhou Zunning , Zhao Fengqi , Dang Yongzhan , Xu Siyu , Yi Jianhua
Published: March 2011

The thermal decomposition kinetics of composite modified double‐base (CMDB) propellants with a series of contents of hexogeon (RDX) was investigated by using parameters of Teo, Ti, Tp, Tf, Tb, Ta, E, lg A and ΔH, which were obtained from using a CDR‐4P differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and Perkin‐Elmer Pyris 1 thermogravimetric analyzer (TG) analyses with heating rates of 5, 10, 15 and 20 K/min. Reliable activation energy was calculated using Flynn‐Wall‐Ozawa method before analyzing the thermal decomposition mechanism. TG‐DTG curves were treated with Malek method in order to obtain the reaction mechanisms. The obtained results show that the thermal decomposition mechanisms with the conversion from 0.2 to 0.4 was f(α)1/2α, and with the conversion from 0.5 to 0.7 was f(α)(1/4)(1−α)[−ln(1−α)]−3.
Comparison of Bottom‐up Filling in Electroless Plating with an Addition of PEG, PPG and EPE
Authors: Yang Zhifeng , Wang Zhixiang , Wang Xu , Wang Zenglin
Published: March 2011

The bottom‐up filling capabilities of electroless copper plating bath with an addition of additives, such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), polypropylene glycol (PPG) and triblock copolymers of PEG and PPG with ethylene oxide terminal blocks termed EPE, were investigated by the cross‐sectional scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation of sub‐micrometer trenches. Though three additives had inhibition for electroless copper deposition, the suppression degrees of three additives were different. EPE‐2000 had the strongest suppression for electroless copper deposition, and the suppression of PEG‐2000 was the weakest. The bottom‐up filling capability of electroless copper was investigated in a plating bath containing different additives with the concentration of 2.0 mg/L. The cross‐sectional SEM observation indicated the trenches with the width of 280 nm and the depth of 475 nm were all completely filled by the plating bath with an addition of EPE‐2000, but the trenches were not completely filled by the plating bath with an addition of PEG‐2000 or PPG‐2000, and some voids appeared. Linear sweep voltammetry measurement indicated that three additives all inhibited the cathodic reduction reaction and the anodic oxidation reaction, and the inhibition of EPE‐2000 was the strongest among three additives, which agreed with that of the deposition rate of electroless copper. Significant differences in surface roughness of deposited copper film were observed by UV‐visible near‐infrared for different suppressors, and the bright and smooth of deposited copper film were in accordance with the inhibition of three additives.
Photoluminescence Properties of a Promising Red‐emitting Phosphor CaNb2O6:Eu3+ for Trichromatic White Light Emitting Diodes Application
Authors: Huang Junlia , Zhou Liya , He Xipu , Gong Fuzhong
Published: March 2011

Motivated by the need for new phosphors of white light emitting diode (WLED) application, Ca0.95Nb2 O6:Eu3+0.05 phosphors were synthesized by high temperature solid‐state reaction. Increasing the content of doped‐Eu3+ and adding the co‐activator Bi3+ to improve the photoluminescence (PL) intensity of Ca1−xNb2 O6Eu3+x phosphors were investigated in detail. The effects of Eu3+ were better than that of Bi3+ on the PL intensity of Ca1−xNb2 O6Eu3+x phosphors. Compared with Y2O2 S:0.05Eu3+ the Ca0.70Nb2 O6:Eu3+0.03 phosphor could be excited efficiently by UV (395 nm) light and emit the red light at 614 nm with line spectra, which were coupled well with the characteristic emission from UV‐Near UV LED. The CIE (International Commission on Illumination) chromaticity coordinates (x0.654, y0.348) of Ca0.70Nb2O6:Eu3+0.03 were close to the NTSC (National Television Standard Committee) standard values. Therefore Ca0.70Nb2 O6:Eu3+0.03 might find application to UV‐Near UV InGaN chip‐based white light emitting diodes, which is further proved by the LED fabrication with the Ca0.70Nb2 O6:Eu3+0.03 phosphor.
Effect of Substitution of Cobalt for Iron in Sr4Fe6O13−( on the Catalytic Activity for Methane Combustion
Authors: Feng Shaojie , Wang Zhenghong , Yang Pinghua
Published: March 2011

A series of mixed oxides Sr4Fe6−xCoxO13−δ (x=0, 1, 2, 3, or 4) were prepared by sol‐gel method and used for catalytic combustion of methane. The structural properties of oxides were characterized by XRD, TGA, and XPS. The layered intergrowth perovskite‐like oxide Sr4Fe5CoO13−δ exhibits the highest catalytic activity for methane combustion under the experimental conditions. The enhanced catalytic activity of Sr4Fe5CoO13−δ for methane combustion could be attributed to the increased amount of oxygen vacancy caused by the partial substitution of cobalt for iron in the Sr4Fe6O13, which was confirmed by TGA and XPS.
A Novel Synthetic Method for the Preparation of Aliphatic Aldehydes from the Corresponding Carboxylic Acids
Authors: Guo Yuan , Lu Zhenhuan , Yao Libo , Shi Zhen
Published: March 2011

A novel synthetic method for the preparation of aliphatic aldehydes from the corresponding carboxylic acids via 1,3‐dimethylbenzimidazolium salts is provided. 1,3‐Dimethylbenzimidazolium salts were rapidly reduced with sodium/ethanol and then hydrolyzed with hydrochloric acid to obtain aliphatic aldehydes, in which the 1,3‐dimethylbenzimidazolium salts can be readily achieved from the corresponding carboxylic acids. The mechanism for the reductive reaction of 1,3‐dimethylbenzimidazolium salts with sodium/ethanol was discussed.