bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Chronic disease and sexuality
Authors: Carrillo Gonzalez Gloria Mabel , Sanchez Herrera Beatriz , Chaparro Díaz Olivia Lorena
Published: April 2023

This study explored the level of production and contents of information available within the global context on the approach of sexuality in individuals with chronic disease (CD). The following main themes were identified: sexuality as a human right and fundamental part of health for individuals with CD, factors present in situations of CD that generate alterations in sexuality, and the models for assessment, measurement, and intervention of the phenomenon. Scientific production is scarce and limited on sexuality during CD, with the most part of said production from recent years.
Assessment of nursing students’ self-esteem.
Authors: Lopes Chaves Erika Cássia , Simão Talita Prado , De Oliveira Iara Siqueira , De Souza Isis Prado , Iunes Denise Hollanda , Nogueira Denismar Alves
Published: April 2023

Objective. To assess the self-esteem of nursing students and explore its relationship with professional training factors that could affect it.

Methodology. Descriptive research, involving 135 nursing students at a university in the South of the state of Minas Gerais (Brazil). Data collection was performed between May and September 2011, using a self-report form that collected information about the sociodemographic characteristics and satisfaction with the career chosen, as well as the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale.

Results. From the total, 90% of students were female, 41% were 20 years of age or younger, and 96% were single. One in each three was taking the first year of their program. Concerning the self-esteem level, 68% presented high self-esteem, 30% average and 2% low. A positive relationship was found between the level of self-esteem and professional perspective (p=0.011).

Conclusion. Most nursing students presented high self-esteem, which was related to the professional perspective.
Practice Based on Evidence: An opportunity for quality care.
Authors: Barría Pailaquilen René Mauricio
Published: April 2023

Research in nursing is fundamental for the development of scientific knowledge aimed at providing efficient care and, consequently, improving the quality of care for users. Nevertheless, in many countries, among them those in Latin America, research in nursing by clinical professionals is poorly developed and has been relegated to the academic spheres. It is a fact that clinical nurses do not research, alluding to several factors that limit their development, including the lack of time, incentives, or funding. Some even acknowledge lack of interest. However, not conducting research does not keep the nursing practice to develop and adopt updated and effective strategies and interventions, as a way of avoiding its becoming obsolete and based on arbitrary actions.
Caring for pregnant women with diagnosis of fetal malformation.
Authors: Escobar Marín Alcira , Hernández Sampayo Luzmila , Morales Viana Liliana Cristina , Vásquez Truissi Martha Lucía , Argote Oviedo Luz Ángela
Published: April 2023

Objective. To describe the beliefs, experiences, and practices of caring for pregnant women with diagnosis of fetal malformation. Methodology. Focused ethnography with the participation of eight women older than 18 years of age with diagnosis of fetal malformation and whose parturition occurred in a tier III hospital. The sample size was defined per data saturation. The information was obtained through in-depth interviews and analysis with the Spradley methodology. Results. The women endured the experience as a painful process, from which they manifested fear, uncertainty, and culpability regarding the diagnosis. This situation led them to using coping strategies like faith in God, adhering to recommendations from healthcare personnel, and carrying out cultural practices. Because the diagnosis was made during the advanced stage of the pregnancy, the participants had to continue with the gestation and adapt the self-care practices during this period. Conclusion. Self-care practices and relationships were evidenced among the women and the social support networks and the healthcare system, which favored confronting this situation by the pregnant women and their families, which permitted their carrying the gestation until the end.
Risk of eating behavior disorders in adolescents from Cartagena, Colombia
Authors: Cogollo Zuleima , Gómez-Bustamante Edna Margarita
Published: April 2023

Objective. To estimate the prevalence and explore the relationship of the risk of eating behavior disorders (REDB) with some factors in school-age adolescents from Cartagena, Colombia. 

Methodology. This was a cross-sectional study, which used probability sampling by conglomerates of high school students (sixth to eleventh grades) in 2012. The REDB was quantified with the SCOFF questionnaire (two or more points). The associations were fitted through a logistic regression model. 

Results. A total of 2625 students between 10 and 20 years of age (mean = 14 years) participated; 54% were women. A total of 32.5% scored for REDB. The risk factors associated were: problematic consumption of alcohol (OR=1.9; CI95%: 1.4-2.5), female sex (OR=1.6; CI95%: 1.4-1.9), non-heterosexual sexual orientation (OR=1.5; CI95%: 1.1-2.1), consumption of any illegal substance (OR=1.5; CI95%: 1.1-2.1), cigarette smoking at any moment in life (OR=1.5; CI95%: 1.2-1.8), depressive symptoms with clinical importance (OR=1.5; CI95%: 1.2-1.8), and family dysfunction (OR=1.2; CI95%: 1.1-1.5). 

Conclusion. An important proportion of school-age adolescents from Cartagena presented REDB, which was mainly related to problematic consumption of alcohol and the female sex.
GAGE gene and protein expression profile in cancer patients
Authors: Rudakova A. A. , Shirin A. D. , Golubtsova N. V. , Pinyugina M. V. , Misyurin V. A.
Published: April 2023

Cancer-testis antigens (CTA) are antigens expressed by tumor cells of various histological types, but practically absent in cells of normal tissues, with the exception of germ cells. CTA includes more than 100 proteins, most of which are grouped into large families. Currently, the use of CTA for immunotherapy in the treatment of oncological diseases has been tested in many studies, and an increase in survival time has been achieved for many cases. Therefore, they can be promising targets for the creation of antitumor drugs, targeted therapy of tumors and as diagnostic biomarkers.

The purpose of this review was to study the GAGE family of antigens, one of the CTA groups recognized by T cells. Proteins of this family, expressed in tumor cells, stimulate the development of a humoral and cellular immune response against them. It follows from this that they fully meet the requirements for targets for tumor immunotherapy. The review provides information about the structure and sequence of genes encoding proteins of the GAGE family. The question of the role of GAGE in apoptosis is considered in detail and the results of studies proving that GAGE-7C makes cells resistant to apoptosis mediated by interferon γ or Fas are presented. The results of clinical studies of the expression of GAGE group genes and proteins in various types of tumor diseases are considered and examples of the reported correlation between GAGE expression and poor prognosis in some types of cancer are given.

Thus, the proteins of the GAGE group, with a detailed study, can become a possible diagnostic and prognostic marker of cancer diseases, and in the future be used to assess malignancy and monitor tumors for the selection of treatment tactics.
Tumor microenvironment biomarkers in breast cancer
Authors: Sokolov P. M. , Karaulov A. V. , Sukhanova A. V. , Nabiev I. R.
Published: April 2023

Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women. The tumor structure in breast cancer is characterized not only by morphological heterogeneity of tumor cells, but also by a high degree of heterogeneity of tumor microenvironment, which contains immune cells, cell matrix elements, and other components that may have procarcinogenic or anticarcinogenic effects. Therefore, personalized approaches to selecting the most effective breast cancer treatment protocols cannot be used without comprehensive analysis of the target cancer markers and cellular microenvironment biomarkers.

This review is aimed at systematizing the data on tumor microenvironment biomarkers and evaluating the prognostic value of the analysis of tumor microenvironment biomarkers in breast cancer.

Biomarkers of the tumor microenvironment are important prognostic factors. Molecular genetic analysis of the profile of these biomarkers, as well as immunohistochemical studies of the mutual arrangement of tumor cells and tumor microenvironment can be used for high-accuracy cancer diagnosis and for the selection of effective personalized therapy in breast cancer. This comprehensive research is necessary because of the plasticity of tumor microenvironment cells, which can either support tumor growth, block immune response, and provide resistance to drugs, or exhibit antitumor activity.

The key elements of the tumor microenvironment in breast cancer have been analyzed, and examples of interaction between tumor cells and the microenvironment, as well as data on the prognostic and diagnostic values of tumor microenvironment biomarkers, have been summarized. The tumor microenvironment has been shown to affect the formation of drug resistance and the efficiencies of various breast cancer therapies.
Anemia syndrome associated with malignant neoplasms in patients with colorectal cancer
Authors: Blindar V. N. , Dobrovolskaya M. M. , Zubrikhina G. N. , Davydova T. V.
Published: April 2023

Background. Colorectal cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among all malignant neoplasms. This disease is accompanied by the development of anemic syndrome (AS). This complication not only worsens the results of treatment and, as a result, reduces overall survival, but also reduces the quality of life of patients, reduces adherence to treatment.

Aim. To study the expression of hepcidin 25 (HP25), prohepcidin (PROHP), ferritin (FR), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and metabolites of nitric oxide (NOx) in the peripheral blood of patients colorectal cancer, to assess their relationship with the clinical course of the disease and with AS.

Materials and methods. The study was conducted in 41 patients with colorectal cancer and AS. The content of FR, PROHP, HP25, IL-6 was determined using enzyme immunoassay. The total content of NOx in blood serum was determined using the Griess reagent after the reduction of nitrate to nitrite with cadmium granules in the presence of zinc.

Results. There are three types of AS. A characteristic feature of which was microcytosis (MCV – 74.3 ± 2.1 fl) and hypochromia (MHC – 22.9 ± 1.2 pg) of erythrocytes. Type 1 of AS – iron deficiency anemia (IDA), type 2 – anemia of chronic diseases (ACD) in combination with iron deficiency erythropoiesis and type 3 – ACD with functional iron deficiency (FID). True IDA was detected in 15 (36.6 %) patients, which was classically characterized by: low concentration of FR, PROGP, GP25, IL-6 and NOx. A less significant group (9 patients, 21.9 %) had a high concentration of FR and low PROHP, GP25, IL-6, NOx, which indicated iron deficiency against the background of ACD. It differed from the first group with IDA in a significant concentration of FR, which may indicate the transition of IDA to the chronic phase of AS. Third group (17 patients, 41.5 %) – with FID – turned out to be the most numerous and characterized by a high concentration of FR (386.7 ± 41.2 ng/ml), GP25 (43.2 ± 7.1 ng/ml), PROHP (283.3 ± 18.5 ng/ml), IL-6 (24.8 ± 5.5 pg/ml), NOx (39.7 ± 5.5 µmol/l), the values were significantly higher (p <0.001) than in patients with IDA and ACD with iron deficiency erythropoiesis.

Conclusion. In patients with a widespread tumor process, AS with FID is most often detected. FID was accompanied by hyperproduction of FR, IL-6, GP25, PROGP and NOx. A close correlation was noted between the studied parameters with an increase in the T-stage of colorectal cancer. This may indicate the relationship of these proteins in the development of cytokine-induced anemia in cancer patients. The data obtained can be widely used to assess the state of metabolic disorders in anemia associated with malignant neoplasms for the differential diagnosis of AS variants and adequate treatment.
Russian as a foreign language in higher education: systematic approach to teaching vocabulary
Authors: Khokhlova Аnna A. , Nemich Natalya N.
Published: April 2023

The paper is devoted to the peculiarities of vocabulary learning in the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language at a university. The main aspects, methods and techniques of working with lexical material depending on the stage of training are briefly highlighted. The purpose of the research is to substantiate the systemic systematic approach to teaching vocabulary. The research provides example materials and methods as well as teaching strategies for mastering vocabulary. The authors conclude that the research work points out the importance of systemic criteria in the process of mastering the grammatical and vocabulary material as well as the development of speech skills and abilities. The work contributes to the methodology of teaching of military and engineering students. The practical significance of the results of the study is due to the discussion and conclusion of the peculiarities of vocabulary learning in the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language in higher education.
From Macro- to Micro-: China’s expectationsfrom the 2030 agenda for sustainable development of higher education and its influence on STEM english reforms
Authors: Yue Yanfeng
Published: April 2023

In correspondence with the Declaration released by UNESCO in 2015, on April 22 in 2016 China issued Chinas Position Paper on the Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which acts as a guidance of Chinas education reforms of internationalization and massification since then. The paper evaluates the challenging issues of the further sustainable development of Chinas higher education from both a macroscopical and a microscopical perspective. From a macroscopical perspective, the two challenging issues of achieving the sustainable development have been spotted, followed by urges for microscopical reforming measures in the designs and practice of foreign language teaching in engineering-specialized universities. From a microscopical perspective, the framework of an experimental reforming project in STEM English is designed and developed by teaching practice between 2018 and 2022. Detailed theoretical researches and practical measures are illustrated according to the time sequence of curricular reforms. In conclusion, taking into account the ever-changing global environment, there is an urge for engineering talents with global competency. Such a macro-levelled external urge demands for logical and implementable reforming measures on a micro-level. The reform of converting STEM English into English Information Literacy Curriculum meets the educational requirements in the post-Covid19 era.
Structure of basic emotions as a factor of emotional intelligence of high school students
Authors: Mochalova Yulia A.
Published: April 2023

The importance and predetermination of the emotional intelligence development as factors stimulating personal and professional growth of the individual and influencing his success in life are also undeniable. Emotional reaction is recognized as a specific type of knowledge that can enable a person to solve environmental problems successfully and correlate with the category of intelligence. Emotions and intellect are able to unite in their practical orientation. This combination is required for the coordinated development of the personality. The aim of the research was to study the role of such parameters of the basic emotions structure as the total functional resource of basic emotions; hierarchy of basic emotions; the balance of basic emotions in their totality in the level of emotional intelligence (EI) of high school students. The paper presents the results of an empirical study of the structure of basic emotions as a factor of emotional intelligence of high school students. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the parameter total functional resource of basic emotions decreases when moving to a sample of high school students with a higher IE, which may reflect a measure of chaos-orderliness in the structure of EI - a high value of this parameter reflects high chaos, and a low value - excessive ordering, which reduces the regulatory potential of EI. The parameter hierarchy of basic emotions has both general and specific features for high school students with different levels of EI. As for general features, they are: a) the emotion Interest which is the most distinguished; the second one is the Joy emotion. Specific features show that the Surprise emotion not only takes the third place in the hierarchy among high school students with high EI, but also reveals a significant increase in its share in the range of emotions. The parameter balance of basic emotions in their complex of high school students with different levels of EI can be quantitatively described by the parameters of the canonical hyperbolic rank parametric distribution, and the parameters of this distribution can be indicators of the level of high school students EI.
On one type of pedagogical situations: classification and practical aspects
Authors: Dobrova Victoria V.
Published: April 2023

On the basis of the previous theoretical research conducted by the author, in this paper the concept of pedagogical situation in described in connection with the concept of pedagogical event. The classification of pedagogical situations presented in the paper is based on the possibility and ability of a pedagogical situation to reach a pedagogical problem, to achieve a pedagogical effect and thus to become a pedagogical event. On the basis of these grounds as well as the logic and practice of a teacher's everyday work, the three types of situations were identified. The first of them, that is a pedagogical situation in which the goal is achievable, which means that the situation can change from a potential situation to an actual situation, is described in the paper. The goal-oriented principle of analysis opens up the prospect of establishing relationships between all the parameters of the situation and the personal characteristics of its participants. The scheme for describing pedagogical situations logically includes the following components: participants (teachers and students a potential pedagogical agent), goal/task, conditions (locus).
Leprosy in Eastern Siberia in the 19th — early 20th centuries: theories of occurrence, prevalence and elements of quarantine measures
Authors: Gaidarov Gaidar M. , Alekseevskaya Tatyana I. , Demidova Tatyana V. , Sofronov Oleg Yu.
Published: April 2023

The article discusses the views of doctors of the 19th early 20th centuries on the causes of leprosy, presents the main etiological theories of their consistency and relationship with the climate and the populations life characteristics of the north-eastern Siberia. On the basis of modern research and literary sources of the 19th century, the probable ways of introducing leprosy to Eastern Siberia, on the coast of the Sea of Okhotsk and the territorial distribution of infection foci are shown. The attitude of foreigners to those infected with leprosy, based on the fear of being infected, is revealed. The purpose of the work is to study the facts indicating the prevalence of leprosy in Eastern Siberia in the 19th early 20th centuries. As part of the study, a content analysis of the source base, indicating the incidence of leprosy in the population of the northeastern districts of Siberia, was used. The work is based on the study of primary sources on the topic for the period 18401929, materials from the State Archives of the Irkutsk Region, as well as literary sources of the 19th early 20th centuries. Data showing the incidence of leprosy in the districts of the Irkutsk General Government are provided.
The influence of the term of military service and extreme climatic conditions on the parameters of cardiovascular system
Authors: Semenov Alexey A. , Lemeshchenko Alexey V. , Krishtop Vladimir V.
Published: April 2023

BACKGROUND:The state of the cardiovascular system is one of the central links in the adaptation of servicemen and persons involved in priority sectors of the economy to the extreme climatic conditions of the Arctic and Subtropical zones.
AIM:To evaluate the indicators of the cardiovascular system in military personnel, depending on the length of military service in extreme climatic conditions.
MATERIALS AND METHODS:A single-stage randomized cross-sectional study included 313 male contract servicemen, 2840 years old. The subjects were grouped into three groups: those serving in the Arctic zone, in the Middle Zone and a group serving in the conditions of the mid-mountain Subtropical zone. An alternative way of dividing the sample was the distribution of military personnel according to the length of stay in the current climatic and geographical conditions. Pulse oximetry and assessment of regional blood circulation were performed.
RESULTS:In military personnel serving in the Arctic and Subtropical zones, in contrast to service in the Middle climatic zone, a set of changes was revealed, including: an increase in the proportion of military personnel with arterial hypoxemia and an increase in vascular stiffness associated with an increase in the proportion of military personnel with pulse wave type A, corresponding to a rigid artery wall, and a decrease in the proportion of persons with pulse wave type waves with, corresponding to the high elasticity of the arterial wall. In military personnel serving in the conditions of the mid-mountain Subtropical zone, the increase in vascular stiffness was less pronounced, but covered a larger percentage of military personnel. As the service life increases, vascular stiffness gradually increases from 16,714,2 conl. units, in the first 5 years, to 8,014,3 conl. units in 510 years, and to 0,516,0 conventional units in military personnel with a service life of more than 10 years.
CONCLUSIONS:With an increase in the duration of stay in unfavorable climatic conditions of the Arctic and mid-mountain Subtropical zones, the cardiovascular system is depleted in the form of a decrease in saturation and an increase in arterial hypoxemia with a restructuring of vascular reactions according to hypertension with an experience of more than 10 years.
Tax Clauses in Contracts and Competence of Tax Authorities
Authors: Dementiev Igor V.
Published: April 2023

This article considers the problem of expanding the competence of tax authorities in transferring VAT payments to the counterparty of the contract through tax clauses. It analyzes the judicial practice of applying tax clauses and identifies practical and theoretical problems of using tax clauses in contracts. Finally, it concludes with observations about the withdrawal of tax authorities operating beyond the legal limits of their competence.
Crust–Uppermost Mantle Structure beneath the Caribbean Region from Seismic Ambient Noise Tomography
Authors: Moreno Toiran Bladimir , Aoudia Abdelkrim , Manu-Marfo Daniel , Kherchouche Radia , Pachhai Surya
Published: April 2023

We present a new 3D shear velocity model for the crust–uppermost mantle structure beneath the Caribbean region from the surface down to 150 km depth. Our velocity model was derived from joint inversion of group and phase velocity dispersion data obtained from ambient noise and earthquake data. The group and phase dispersion curves estimated from ambient noise were calculated from cross correlation using up to 4 yr of continuous data. Perturbations in group and phase surfaces-wave velocities within a resolution of 1° × 1° show the relevant geotectonic units in the Caribbean plate. Plate boundaries, ocean basins, rises, rifts, and microplates are well defined by shear-wave velocity impedances. The 3D shear-wave velocity inversion along profiles shows the thickening of the crust from the ocean to continental margins. We present a new Moho interface map with depths undulating between 11 and 17 km beneath most parts of the sea and 25–45 km below the continental areas. Low-velocity zones were found in the uppermost mantle indicating a highly laterally heterogeneous area.
Introducción de contenidos transversales sobre perspectiva de género interseccional y sostenibilidad en el aula de publicidad y relaciones públicas
Authors: Moreno Jose A.
Published: April 2023

Los retos sociales y ambientales del siglo XXI motivan que la educación adopte nuevas perspectivas emancipadoras que promuevan una ciudadanía planetaria crítica y concienciada con estos problemas. En cambio, en la educación superior no abundan las perspectivas pedagógicas enfocadas a tal fin. Este artículo presenta un proyecto de innovación docente destinado a incluir la perspectiva interseccional y la sostenibilidad en una asignatura de Grado en Publicidad y Relaciones Públicas. Mediante la exposición del caso y la evaluación de este por parte del alumnado a través de una encuesta y de comentarios cualitativos, se expone aquí la pertinencia de incluir este tipo de perspectivas en la universidad. El alumnado muestra un gran interés por este tipo de contenidos, a menudo relegados durante todo su paso por la universidad. Incluir perspectivas estructurales, sensibles hacia la sostenibilidad y la justicia social son ahora más necesarias que nunca para dar sentido a retos como la crisis climática o la distribución desigual del poder y los recursos en la sociedad.
The optimal geometric design of a v-corrugated absorber solar air heater integrated with twisted tape insert
Authors: ALİ ALJUBURY Issam , KHALIL HUSSAIN Mohammed , FARHAN Ammar
Published: April 2023

The proper design of a solar air heater depends on the highest thermal performance of the solar collector. In the present paper, proposed a method to find an optimal dimension of V-corrugated absorber solar air heater (VSAH) combined with a twisted tape insert (TTI). The design variables of the VSAH-TTI are length, width, number of channels, and twisted tape ratio. The effect of each design variable is examined and studied under various ranges of Reynolds number (Re). Given the complexity in changing design variables of solar collector having a V-corrugated absorbing plate with twisted tape insert (VSAH -TTI) to find the highest thermal performances, the multi-objective function genetic algorithm is used to find the optimal dimensions of VSAH-TTI based on maximizing the heat gain, thermal and effective efficiency as well as minimizing the pressure drop on solar collector. The range of each design variable of the VSAH-TTI by means of length (1 – 2.5 m), width (0.5 – 1.5 m), number of channels (4 – 14), and twisted tape ratio (1 – 8) are specified in paper based on the most common practical values of the solar collector. The results showed for the case under study that each design variable of VSAH-TTI affect the thermal performance and the optimized geometry by using a genetic algorithm (Ga) can find the optimal geometric dimensions of VSAH-TTI. The optimal dimension by using Ga can increase the heat gain by more than 8% and increase the effective and thermal efficiency of more than 7% for the original geometry. Furthermore, the optimized geometry can reduce more than 29% for the original geometry. These improvements in optimized geometry for VSAH- TTI without introducing any additional items.
Application of exergy analysis in understanding the performance of a coal-fired steam power plant (120 mw) with single reheat and regenerative configuration
Authors: ARPIT Sankalp , KUMAR Pravin , DAS Prasanta Kumar , DASH Sukanta Kumar
Published: April 2023

In the present paper, a rigorous analysis of a sub-critical steam power plant (120 MW) with reheating and regenerative configuration is presented, using energy and exergy analysis. The total work output from the power plant is 121.80 MW, which is close to the real value of 120 MW. The calculated energy efficiency of the steam power plant is 34.7%, while its exergy efficiency is 32%. In addition to it, energy analysis introduces the condenser as a major source of heat loss, on other hand, exergy analysis introduces the boiler as a major source of exergy destruction. Further to understand the effect of main steam temperature, reheating temperature and condenser pressure on the power plant, a parametric study is being conducted.
Multidetector computed tomography in evaluation of maxillofacial injuries
Authors: Agarwal Parul , Ramnani Deepak , Tambi Ayush
Published: April 2023

Facial injuries occur in significant proportion in trauma patients requiring prompt diagnosis and management. The number of maxillofacial injuries is continuously increasing due to rise in traffic, failure to take preventive measures in the traffic leads to road traffic accidents, which is the main etiological factor in maxillofacial fractures.

To study role of multidetector tomography in evaluation of maxillofacial injuries. To describe the advantages of 3D reconstructed images over axial images in the imaging of facial fractures.

This cross-sectional study included 100 patients who underwent CT evaluation of facial bones when they presented with evidence of fracture of maxillofacial bones on a 64-slice volume scanner (SIEMENS SOMATOM definition) in Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital, Udaipur during February 2019 to July 2020.

RTA comprised of 76.19% cases. Assault and fall from height were 11.42 and 12.38%. The maxilla, the walls of its sinus were the most commonly involved bone with 71.42% next was Naso-orbito-ethmoid 68.57%. Zygomatic bone and mandible fractures were 50 and 38.09%. The type 2 frontal bone fractures were commonly seen 12 (31.5%) followed by Type 3, 10 (26.02%), Type 4 & Type 1 seen in 6 (15.7%) and Type 5 was the least common injury seen 4 (10.52%). The medial wall of the orbit was most commonly involved 49 (35.76%). Le Fort fracture lines were identified in 17 occasions with Le Fort II seen 9 (52.9%).

The advantages of 3D images within the assessment of facial trauma might be described especially in mandible and cheekbone. 3D images were better within the identification of Le Fort fracture lines. The coronal reconstructed images are superior in the detection of fractures in the orbit and maxilla. 3D images have a limited role in fractures involving the naso-orbito-ethmoid region and also when there is minimal fracture displacement.
INFLUENCE OF MAIN ELEMENTS OF CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY ON WEED INFESTATION OF CROPS AND SPRING WHEAT YIELD
Authors:   Agrophysical Research Institute, Shpanev A.M. , Lekomtsev P.V. ,   Russian State Hydrometeorological University, Voropaev V.V. ,   Agrophysical Research Institute
Published: April 2023

A distinctive feature of the North-West region is sufficient, and in some years, excessive moisture supply, under which weeds form a significant vegetative mass and cause great harm to cultivated crops, including spring wheat. The aim of the research was to assess the effect of seeding amount, seed size, nitrogen nutrition and herbicide treatment on weed infestation of crops and spring wheat yield in the North-West region of the Russian Federation. According to the research results, it was revealed that introduction of medium (by 0.8-13.6%) and high (by 1.5-14.1%) doses of nitrogen fertilizers leads to significant increase of initial weed infestation of spring wheat, while seeding amount and seed size did not have a significant impact on the number and cover of weeds. Among all the factors studied in the experiment, herbicide treatment had the strongest positive effect on formation of spring wheat crop (by 1.5–4.5 times), but only in the conditions of strong and complex types of weed infestation. Application of average dose of nitrogen led to a significant increase of spring wheat yield throughout the research years (by 19.3-82.8%), whereas effectiveness of high dose directly depended on moisture conditions of initial stage of vegetative period. Seeding amount and especially fractional composition of the seed material had a slight effect on yield and main elements of the structure of spring wheat crop. Interaction of such factors as application of nitrogen fertilizers and herbicide treatment contributed to significant increase of spring wheat yield (by 23.4-183%). The highest grain yield of spring wheat throughout all research years was obtained on seed plots with a seeding amount of 6 million viable seeds/ha, application of a high dose of nitrogen fertilizers and herbicide application (51.1; 29.7 and 40.9 q/ha).
Effect of Systemic Illness and Comorbidities in the Prognosis of Severe Acute Respiratory Illness Patients: An Observational Study
Authors: Khurana Deepa Kerketta , Choudhury Arin , Manisha . , Mustafi Saurav Mitra , Uppal Vibha , Khurana Himanshu , Sachdeva Harish , Gupta Nitesh , Ganpathy Usha
Published: April 2023

Background: Globally critically ill COVID-19 (Coronavirus disease-19) patients have stretched critical care services. This study was undertaken to find factors implicated in mortality amongst COVID positive and negative patients presenting with severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) and factors having the probability of indicating COVID positivity.
Methods: The demographic parameters, comorbid illness, clinical parameters and laboratory values of 327 patients were retrospectively analyzed to find the risk factors for mortality in COVID positive and negative patients and factors predicting COVID positivity amongst SARI patients.
Results: 58% of SARI patients tested positive by RTPCR. Most common comorbidities were diabetes and hypertension, 35.2% and 33% respectively. Duration of swelling and low haemoglobin were significantly associated with mortality in COVID positive group (p=0.01, 0.005). Acidosis and tachycardia (p=0.003, 0.034) were associated with mortality amongst COVID negative. Creatinine, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) and quick SOFA (qSOFA) were higher in non-survivors of both groups (p<0.001). Age, history of contact or from containment zone, cough, pain abdomen and P/F ratio were significant predictors of COVID positivity (1.020(1.006–1.035); 3.889(1.316–11.495); 2.908(1.182–7.152); 2.147(1.149–4.012); 0.997(0.994-1.000) respectively) by multivariable regression analysis.
Conclusion: A long duration of swelling and low haemoglobin (<12 g%) were responsible for COVID positive mortality while pain abdomen, raised levels of AST, tachycardia and acidosis were associated with mortality in COVID negative. Deranged creatinine, higher SOFA and qSOFA were associated with mortality in both groups. Age, contact history, residence in containment zone, cough, pain abdomen and poor P/F ratio are predictive factors for COVID positivity.
A Comparative Study of Nasal Fiberoptic Intubation with Laryngeal Mask Airway Fiberoptic Intubation in Children with a Difficult Airway
Authors: Mahdavi Alireza , Shafa Amir , Razavi Seyed Sajjad , Eghbali Ahmad , Chavoshi Tahereh
Published: April 2023

Background: Considering that the gold standard for intubation in children with a difficult airway is the use of fiberoptic bronchoscopy, and few studies have evaluated its application in children, the present study aimed at comparing two bronchoscopic techniques of nasal fiberoptic tracheal intubation (FOI-Nasal) and fiberoptic intubation via laryngeal mask airway (FOI-LMA) in children with a difficult airway.
Methods: A single-blind randomized clinical trial was performed on 40 six-month-old to six-year-old children that were divided into two groups each consisting of 20 patients.  The participants were all candidates for elective surgery with clinical criteria for the anticipated difficult intubation. FOI-Nasal and FOI-LMA were performed in the first and second groups, respectively. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and blood oxygen saturation levels (SpO2) were assessed and recorded before anesthesia (T1), immediately before bronchoscopy (T2), and immediately after intubation with endotracheal tube (T3). Moreover, ETCO2, the first successful insertion attempt, and the intubation time were recorded, as well.
Results: The results of the present study revealed that parameters including MAP, HR, and SpO2 at times T1, T2, and T3 were not significantly different between the two groups after adjusting for potential confounding factors (P> 0.05). However, ETCO2 in FOI-Nasal group with a mean of 38.40 ± 3.57 was significantly higher than that of the FOI-LMA group with a mean of 34.35 ± 3.15 (P = 0.001). In addition, the intubation time in the FOI-LMA group with a mean of 32.40 ± 7.45 was significantly shorter than that of the FOI-Nasal group with a mean of 51.75 ± 9.97 (P <0.001). The success rate in the first attempt in the FOI-Nasal group with the value of 70% was lower than that of the FOI-LMA group with the value of 90%; however, this difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05).
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, the intubation time in the FOI-LMA group was significantly shorter than that of the FOI-Nasal group. Moreover, the success rate of the first attempt in the FOI-LMA group was higher than that of the FOI-Nasal group. Therefore, it can be stated that FOI-LMA as compared to FOI-Nasal can be regarded as an easier technique, with a shorter intubation time, a higher success rate, and a greater stability of children’s hemodynamic parameters.
Association of Perioperative Use of Epidural Analgesia with Disease Free Survival in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer- A Retrospective Cohort Observational Study with Propensity Score Matched Analysis
Authors: Balakrishnan Kalpana , Chockalingam Punitha , Ramasamy Thendral , Venkateswaran Meenakshi , Sundaram Madhupriya , Sridevi Veluswami
Published: April 2023

Background: Recurrence is common after surgery for epithelial ovarian cancer and is multifactorial. Perioperative factors affecting stress and inflammation have an influence on immunity and thus cancer recurrence. The effect of peri-operative epidural anesthesia has been quoted to be beneficial by decreasing stress. A retrospective analysis of perioperative Epidural analgesia use (EA) was compared to general anesthesia (GA) without epidural, with disease free survival (DFS)as the outcome.
Methods: We did a retrospective observational study of patients with epithelial ovarian malignancy who had undergone surgery between 2013 and 2017. Cohorts were primarily divided based on receipt of epidural analgesia. Perioperative patient, anesthetic, and tumor related data were collected. The aim was to estimate the association of epidural analgesia with disease free survival (DFS). To prevent bias due to skewed covariate distribution propensity score match was done matching all covariates.
Results: We had 312 patients with age ranging from 18 to 77. The median DFS in months was 32.73±25.6 for the entire cohort while it was 54.81±28.69 for the GA group and 27.23±21.84 for EA group. After PSM median DFS was 35.33 for the full cohort and it was 46 and 34 months for the GA and EA groups, respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that only patients who were undergoing primary surgery had survival advantage (P<0.013). Perioperative epidural analgesia was not associated with survival benefit (P=0.480).
Conclusion: Perioperative use of epidural analgesia did not offer survival benefit in epithelial ovarian cancer as measured by disease free survival.
The Outcome of Sepsis Patients Admitted to the Surgical Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Batul Rameesa , Gulzar Uzma , Qayoom Ouber
Published: April 2023

Background: Although sepsis is one of the leading causes of mortality in hospitalized patients, information regarding early predictive factors for mortality and morbidity is limited. The main objective of this study was to identify the outcome of patients with sepsis and septic shock.
Methods: A prospective observational study was done in a surgical ICU over a period of one year. We included all adult patients admitted to ICU with features of sepsis and septic shock. Data related to demography, co-existing illnesses, parameters to assess Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores, other relevant laboratory data, source of infection, organ failures and supportive measures instituted were recorded. Patients were followed till discharge or death from the ICU.
Results: 160 patients were included in this study. The mortality rate was significantly higher among females compared with males. The most common co-existing illnesses were hypertension and type II diabetes mellitus. The SOFA scores at admission were high among non-survivors. Older age, presence of anaemia (defined as haemoglobin less than 13 g/dL in males and 12 g/dL in females), renal dysfunction (creatinine level more than 1.3 g/dL), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) were associated with higher mortality. Haematocrit, total leucocyte count, serum bilirubin and SOFA scores were significantly higher among non-survivors.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that septic shock occurs frequently in ICU patients and mortality remains high. Several critical scoring systems are useful for the early prediction of mortality. A sepsis mortality based on SOFA scores and haemoglobin has greater predictive power.
The Effect of Analgesia with Ketamine, Morphine and Paracetamol for Burn Pain in North-Eastern Iran
Authors: Mokarram Mehrdad , Sedaghat Alireza , Lotfalizadeh Nasibeh , Ziaee Maliheh , Morrovatdar Negar , Bicheranloee Soheila
Published: April 2023

Background: Pain is a common and challenging problem in burn patients. The severity of pain in these patients often requires multi drug therapy. On the other hand, with increasing the number and dosage of drugs, the complications increase, so finding an instruction that provides acceptable analgesia with minimal complications is necessary.
Methods: Based on the dose and half-life, the initial dose for paracetamol was 15 mg/kg every 6 hours, this dose was reduced to 30% after three days of initiation of the treatment to prevent liver toxicity and was discontinued after one week. Morphine started with an initial dose of 0.01 mg/kg/h and for opioid-tolerant patients, the initial dose was 0.02 mg/kg/h. Morphine infusion dose raised by 30 percent every week. The continuous intravenous infusion of ketamine (0.15 mg/kg/hr) with continuous intravenous infusion of morphine was administered by a silicone pump.
Results: The mean NRS was significantly reduced in the first visit after the intervention (three hours later) (8.5 ± 1.04 vs.3.9 ± 1.74; p <0.001) and this decrease was observed in NRS in continuous observations (P> 0.001). Pain reduction was independent of history of opioids use.
Conclusion: Continuous infusion of ketamine, morphine and paracetamol showed an effective pain management program for burn patients.
Using “Baudhayana Theorem” for a Novel Paramedian Approach of Spinal Anesthesia in Morbidly Obese Patients with Difficult Sonoanatomy: A Case Report and Narrative Review
Authors: Arora Poonam , Arora Niyati
Published: April 2023

Spinal anesthesia is traditionally performed using landmark technique to identify the level and point of needle insertion. However use of ultrasonography (USG) has emerged among anaesthesiologists to guide neuraxial blockade. The views that are of utmost importance are “transverse spinous view”, “transverse interspinous view” and “longitudinal parasagittal oblique view”. For in-plane technique and real time imaging longitudinal parasagittal oblique view is used while transverse views are used for visualizing spinous level, epidural and subarachnoid space, posterior complex (PC), anterior complex (AC) and depth of canal. In patients with deformed spine like kyphoscoliosis or morbid obesity obtaining optimum views is not possible. We discuss a morbidly obese patient with very poor ultrasonographic views of spine. We describe a novel technique to estimate depth of spinal canal using only bony shadows in a single transverse view.
Anesthetic Challenges in Pregnancy with Wilson’s Disease Associated with Massive Splenomegaly Complicated with Intramyometrial Carboprost: A Case Report
Authors: Deshpande Jyoti P , Elizabeth Jacob Merlin
Published: April 2023

Wilson’s disease is a rare autosomal recessive condition, that affects the liver and brain mainly. Pregnancy in these patients is of high risk due to involvement of liver and high incidence of abortion, preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome. We report a case of a 24year old G2A1 (35+2 weeks) diagnosed with wilson’s disease 6 years ago, currently on tab zinc. She presented with thrombocytopenia, anemia, extrahepatic portal vein occlusion with splenomegaly and mild ascites. She was taken up for elective section at 35+2 weeks, under general anesthesia. With intramyometrial injection of carboprost, there was sudden desaturation and bronchospasm. However, we managed the case successfully with safe outcome of both the mother and child. There are only very few case reports of Wilson’s disease in pregnancy undergoing C-section under general anesthesia in the presence of hepatic dysfunction.
Persian Medicine for the Treatment of Severe COVID-19: a Case Report
Authors: Nabimeybodi Razieh , Hosseini-Araghi Fatemeh , Kamalinejad Mohammad , Meybodi Zohreh Akhoundi , Nabimeybodi Naeemeh , Zareshahi Rahele , Mirhosseini Hamid , Moein Derakhshan barjoei Mohammad
Published: April 2023

COVID-19 treatment is still essential especially manage patients suffering from severe conditions. Many pharmaceutical drugs like Hydroxychloroquine, Oseltamivir, and others were introduced for curing these patients, but further, than their efficacy, some side effects might be seen. Some patients might not respond to these drugs, and their condition did not heal. This study described a 78-year-old man who suffered from severe COVID-19. His first complication in the first two days was progressive persistent dry cough and Sore throat, and on the third-day fever, chills, weakness, lethargy, and severe loss of appetite. He did not properly respond to chemical drugs, and his condition did not get better. improving the condition Finally, he was treated with Persian Medicine (Iranian traditional medicine; ITM) prescription. The advice of the Persian Medicine (PM) specialist was to contain pomegranate paste, almonds, wheat semolina soup, cooked quince, and pineapple. After two weeks and a month of follow-up, he did not show any complications. According to the data from the treatment period and changing the patient's signs and symptoms, the probable potency of PM for treating COVID-19 alone or as a supplementary prescription could be concluded. Based on the review of the literatures about the efficacy of various traditional medicine, it could be concluded that further studies are necessary to prove the efficacy of PM for COVID-19 and other viral infections. Also, the importance of patient follow-up and frequent visits should be observing patients' condition to control and revise the advice.