bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Improving induction tube welding system performance using soft magnetic composites
Authors: Muyskens Sean Michael , Eddir Tareq Ibrahim , Goldstein Robert Charles
Published: November 2019

Purpose

This paper aims to demonstrate the benefits of using different impeder materials for induction tube welding systems.

Design/methodology/approach

To show the difference in using various impeder materials, a new approach was taken to model tube welding systems in two and three dimensions. Three-dimensional (3-D) electromagnetic models were used to determine the current distribution along the weld vee as well as the permeability of the tube along the length of the welding system. Two-dimensional (2-D) coupled electromagnetic plus thermal models with rotational movement were used to determine the temperature distribution in the heat-affected zone.

Findings

Simulation results suggest upwards of 25 per cent system power savings when using a soft magnetic composite (SMC) impeder rather than the traditional ferrites.

Research limitations/implications

There is currently a lack of experimental data to validate the models, but future work will include comparison of models to real-world trials.

Practical implications

When dealing with tube welding systems, there are possibilities to improve process efficiency or increase production quality and output by improving the impeder material.

Originality/value

While simulations of tube welding systems have been done previously, studies on improving impeder materials are rarely carried out. This paper brings to light possible improvements to be made to induction tube welding systems.
A metamodel for competence assessment
Authors: Bellini Diego , Cubico Serena , Favretto Giuseppe , Noventa Stefano A. , Ardolino Piermatteo , Gianesini Giovanna , Ciabuschi Francesco , Leitao Joao , Jain Ajay K.
Published: November 2019

Purpose

This paper aims to propose an explorative metamodel of the key organizational competences management and presents a Web-based tool (Co.S.M.O.© Competences Software Management for Organizations) for all-around assessment of the identified competences.

Design/methodology/approach

Building on the Great Eight Competencies Model- GEC, the European Qualifications Framework-EQF and focus group feedback, an online questionnaire was developed to manage the key organizational competences and to adapt the competence metamodel to the Italian context.

Findings

The competence metamodel described in this study and its newly designed tool (software with online questionnaire) could be used at the organizational level to improve productivity and efficiency by allowing an easy identification of key organizational competences and facilitating their acquisition and sharing.

Research limitations/implications

Currently, the metamodel is mainly theoretical and the software sustained only a partial validation.

Practical implications

The developed tool is a dynamic, easy to use and interactive Web-based software useful for managing the competences in both for-profit and not-for-profit organizations.

Social implications

European official documents invite companies and institutions to work together and share human capital: the European Qualifications Framework-EQF, at the base of this model, facilitates a common organizational language for human resources management.

Originality/value

Managerial competence literature indicates that a comprehensive model capturing a link between the EQF and a managerial competence model has not yet been considered in the literature.
The impact of loyalty on the student satisfaction in higher education
Authors: Mallika Appuhamilage Kumudini Sriyalatha , Torii Hiroshi
Published: November 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine whether the image of the university, environment, facilities, student expectations, internationalization, services, financial support and perceived value have direct effect on the satisfaction and loyalty of the students of social sciences at Meijo (Private) University, Japan.

Design/methodology/approach

To analyze the data, a confirmatory factor analysis was applied where it explored the associations between items and constructs and, then, utilized structural equation model (SEM) to investigate the relationships existing between constructs with the application of the R program. A structured questionnaire comprising of 52 questions were used with 10 constructs. A total of 257 students from Meijo (private) university filled in the newly developed questionnaires using seven items Likert scales.

Findings

The study reveals a valuable insight on student satisfaction and loyalty toward the university. According to the findings, satisfaction has a positive direct impact from services and financial support provided by the university. And also loyalty has a positive strong impact on student satisfaction. On the contrary, satisfaction reveals a positive strong direct impact on loyalty too. Furthermore, there is an indirect impact of image, services and perceived value on loyalty. All the goodness of fit indices are at acceptable levels. Thus, the satisfaction of students seems to reflect quite well from the above construct, image, services, financial support and perceived values.

Research limitations/implications

This study collected data from two faculties, Faculty of Business Management and Faculty of Economics. The results of this finding cannot be generalized to the entire Meijo university student as a whole.

Originality/value

This study successfully applied an SEM to identify the relationship among constructs. Thus, this research has hopefully opened up avenues for other researchers to carry out such behavioral studies with larger sample sizes by applying R program with SEM analysis.
Key challenges faced by Chinese contractors in Malaysian construction industry
Authors: Yap Jeffrey Boon Hui , Cheah Sin Yi
Published: November 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the major challenges faced by Chinese international contractors (CICs) in the Malaysian construction industry.

Design/methodology/approach

An exploratory sequential mixed-methods research approach was adopted where following a detailed literature review and semi-structured interviews with local professionals, 20 prevalent challenges experienced by CICs are identified. Subsequently, a questionnaire survey was used to elicit the views of 100 construction practitioners. Descriptive statistics were used to prioritise the challenges, while exploratory factor analysis was conducted to uncover the underlying factors.

Findings

The five most crucial challenges identified relate to: changes of regulation, cost control, contract clauses, language barrier and quality control. Exploratory factor analysis revealed four major underlying dimensions of these challenges, in connection to financial and government policy management, organisational performance management, supplier relationship management and cross-cultural management.

Research limitations/implications

The challenges are considered primarily involving CICs in the context of Malaysia; further work can be extended to Western or other East Asian, such as Japanese and Korean, international contractors undertaking construction projects in Malaysia or selected developing countries around the region.

Practical implications

This study will benefit professionals involved with China-backed construction projects in countries sharing demographics and socio-economic characteristics akin to Malaysia. The outcome of the study is expected to facilitate project managers to devise proactive risk-mitigation measures to reduce the impact of these challenges and to improve project delivery.

Originality/value

The paper examined the challenges faced by CICs in the Malaysian context. This is a timely study, as China’s Belt and Road Initiative will provide considerable opportunities for Chinese companies in Malaysia.
A new IR and sprinkler based embedded controller directed robotic arm for automatic cleaning of solar panel
Authors: Ghodki Manish Kumar , Swarup Akhilesh , Pal Yash
Published: November 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to design and develop an IR and sprinkler based embedded controller operated robotic arm for automatic dust removal system to mitigate the dust effect on the solar panel surface, since dust accumulation normally affected by real weather conditions is one of the serious concern for the deterioration of photovoltaic (PV) system output.

Design/methodology/approach

The system is a wet cleaning device which provides a cheap silicon rubber-based wiping operation controlled by the pulse width modulation-operated motors of robotic arm. The IEEE 1149.1-compliant mixed signal-embedded platform of C8051F226DK is involved to command the complete system.

Findings

A prototype of 30 WP system is capable of producing an inspiring average value of 11.26 per cent in energy increase, 13.63 per cent in PV module efficiency and 85.20 per cent in performance ratio of the system after 73 days of cleaning in summer season. In addition, a total of 1,617.93 W power; 1,0516.55 Wh energy; and 350.55 KWh/KWP final yield was found during the entire cleaning period.

Originality/value

A novel technique of the implementation of IR sensor and sprinkler in dust mitigation is proposed in this paper. The IR sensor is used as a versatile object which can manage the robotic arm setting and control the automatic switching between cleaning and charging, as well as identify the thermal condition of solar panel for overheating.
Intimate partner violence and utilization of reproductive and maternal health services in Cambodia
Authors: Mai Vanthy , Phyu Win Ei
Published: November 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore an association between women experience lifetime intimate partner violence (IPV) and women decision making with utilization of reproductive and maternal health services in Cambodia.

Design/methodology/approach

An analysis of secondary data of Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey (CDHS) 2014. The total number of sample size was 1,539 married women who had birth in the last five years prior to the time of interview and completed the domestic violence module in the CDHS 2014 questionnaire. χ² test and binary logistic regression were performed in this study.

Findings

Results give an evidence that emotional violence had significant impact on receiving sufficient antenatal care (ANC) (OR: 0.7, 95%CI: 0.43–0.86) while physical violence had significant association with deliver with skilled birth attendance (SBA) (OR: 0.5, 95%CI: 0.27–0.79). Further, women’s participation in household decision making played as important factor in enabling women revive sufficient ANC (OR: 1.7, 95%CI: 1.19–2.29), and utilization of modern contraceptive method (OR: 1.5, 95%CI: 1.09–1.97).

Originality/value

This study provides significant finding on the impact of IPV and women’s decision making on reproductive and maternal health in Cambodia. Result has drawn an attention to policy makers, related ministries and stakeholder to promulgate and effectiveness of policies and program implementation within the country.
Prediction of instantaneous driving safety in emergency scenarios based on connected vehicle basic safety messages
Authors: Yu Kai , Peng Liqun , Ding Xue , Zhang Fan , Chen Minrui
Published: November 2019

Purpose

Basic safety message (BSM) is a core subset of standard protocols for connected vehicle system to transmit related safety information via vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I). Although some safety prototypes of connected vehicle have been proposed with effective strategies, few of them are fully evaluated in terms of the significance of BSM messages on performance of safety applications when in emergency.

Design/methodology/approach

To address this problem, a data fusion method is proposed to capture the vehicle crash risk by extracting critical information from raw BSMs data, such as driver volition, vehicle speed, hard accelerations and braking. Thereafter, a classification model based on information-entropy and variable precision rough set (VPRS) is used for assessing the instantaneous driving safety by fusing the BSMs data from field test, and predicting the vehicle crash risk level with the driver emergency maneuvers in the next short term.

Findings

The findings and implications are discussed for developing an improved warning and driving assistant system by using BSMs messages.

Originality/value

The findings of this study are relevant to incorporation of alerts, warnings and control assists in V2V applications of connected vehicles. Such applications can help drivers identify situations where surrounding drivers are volatile, and they may avoid dangers by taking defensive actions.
Challenges of handling assembly information in global manufacturing companies
Authors: Johansson Pierre Eric Christian , Malmsköld Lennart , Fast-Berglund Åsa , Moestam Lena
Published: November 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to describe challenges the manufacturing industry is currently facing when developing future assembly information systems. More specific, this paper focuses on the handling of assembly information from manufacturing engineering to the shop floor operators.

Design/methodology/approach

Multiple case studies have been conducted within one case company between 2014 and 2017. To broaden the perspective, interviews with additionally 17 large and global manufacturing companies and 3 industry experts have been held. Semi-structured interviews have been the main data collection method alongside observations and web questionnaires.

Findings

Six focus areas have been defined which address important challenges in the manufacturing industry. For manual assembly intense manufacturing company, challenges such as IT challenges, process challenges, assembly process disturbances, information availability, technology and process control, and assembly work instructions have been identified and hinder implementation of Industry 4.0 (I4.0).

Originality/value

This longitudinal study provides a current state analysis of the challenges the manufacturing industry is facing when handling assembly information. Despite the vast amount of initiatives within I4.0 and digitalization, this paper argues that the manufacturing industry needs to address the six defined focus areas to become more flexible and prepared for the transition toward a digitalized manufacturing industry.
Grieving the loss of a public contract: De La Rue and the Brexit passport
Authors: Flynn Anthony
Published: November 2019

Purpose

This paper aims to examine how firms react to the loss of a major government contract. Reactions to contract loss are yet to be properly studied in public procurement.

Design/methodology/approach

The hypothesis is that contract loss triggers a five-stage grieving process, as predicted by the Kubler-Ross model. The hypothesis is tested using the recent UK passport contract in which the British supplier, De La Rue, lost to the Franco-Dutch supplier, Gemalto. Secondary data from corporate publications, news reporting, parliamentary debates and trade union press releases is used to compile the case.

Findings

The findings show that De La Rue and its supporters passed through the five stages of grief in response to their loss. De La Rue initially exhibited denial by vowing to appeal the decision. Next came anger directed at the UK Government. An attempt to bargain was made during the standstill period. Depression set in after De La Rue admitted it would not appeal. Finally, acceptance was indicated by De La Rue pursuing new opportunities in the product authentication market.

Research limitations/implications

The study is based on a single case. Further case research is warranted to test the external validity of the results.

Practical implications

By debriefing unsuccessful bidders and listening to their viewpoint, public buyers can help to assuage the anger that accompanies contract loss.

Social implications

Elected representatives, the media and civic society groups have vested interests in the outcome of contract competitions. Moreover, they use their agency in pursuit of their own interests, whether through political bargaining, lobbying or editorials.

Originality/value

The paper demonstrates that the Kubler-Ross model of grieving has utility for understanding reactions to loss in a public procurement context.
A bibliometric analysis of research on entrepreneurial intentions from 2000 to 2018
Authors: Dolhey Shivam
Published: November 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to provide a bibliometric analysis of the research on entrepreneurial intentions. A total of 1,393 papers published from the year 2000 to 2018 are analysed. The study attempts to identify the significant journals in this area, years with the maximum publication, most cited papers, important authors and most prolific countries and institutions. Then, the co-authorship network map, inter-country co-authorship network map and keyword co-occurrences network maps are provided.

Design/methodology/approach

The Scopus database was used for analysing the large data about various papers included in this study. Then, the VOSviewer software was used for creating a co-authorship network map, inter-country co-authorship network map and keywords co-occurrences network maps.

Findings

The results of this study indicate that in the year 2017, the maximum papers have been published, the most significant journal is International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business and the most cited paper is about competing models of entrepreneurial intentions. Furthermore, the most prominent author is Francisco Linan, and the most prolific country and institution are the USA and the University of Seville (Spain), respectively.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the existing literature on entrepreneurial intentions. A much comprehensive and reliable picture of this area is provided using the bibliometric techniques. The results can help in guiding the authors interested in conducting future research on this topic.
Exploring the interface of relationship marketing and export performance
Authors: Hasaballah Abdel Hafiez Ali , Genc Omer Faruk , Mohamad Osman Bin , Ahmed Zafar U.
Published: November 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to develop a comprehensive model that explains the influence of different relational variables on export performance and the interaction between those relational variables.

Design/methodology/approach

This is a theoretical paper building upon the relational variables and export performance literatures.

Findings

A theoretical model was developed based on the existing studies and findings. In the proposed model, relational outcome variables mediate the effect of relational contextual variables on export performance.

Research limitations/implications

The model developed in this study opens new avenues for future research because it provides a different perspective on how relational variables interact with each other in terms of their impact on export performance.

Practical implications

Relational variables have great importance for firms’ export performance. This study provides a framework about how these variables affect export performance, which should be taken into consideration in firms’ strategies and decisions with regard to the relations with partners.

Originality/value

Despite the consensus about the importance of relational variables, the evidence is mixed with regard to the way they affect export performance. With the proposed model, this study aims to fill this gap by providing a framework that explains how relational variables interact with each other and how they affect export performance.
Growth hacking as an approach to producing growth amongst UK technology start-ups: an evaluation
Authors: Conway Tony , Hemphill Tanya
Published: November 2019

Purpose

“Growth hacking” is a “data-informed” marketing approach that uses digital marketing tools and tactics as well as traditional marketing channels to help technology companies show “proof-of-concept” and sustainability before gaining funding. The purpose of this study was to identify and understand the relevance and importance of growth hacking and identify what growth hacking tools and techniques are used by such organisations.

Design/methodology/approach

The main research method for the collection of primary data was in-depth interviews with both industry experts (senior professionals working for growth hacking agencies) and individual growth hacking practitioners who work for technology start-ups based in the UK. Interviews included the use of dimension cards with key growth hacking terms to act as visual cues to facilitate focus and prompt reflection.

Findings

In addition to a data analysis element, growth hacking also requires people to spot emerging opportunities before anyone else does. This makes it very difficult to find people with the right skill-set. It is also important to use traditional marketing methods to bridge the gap between the physical and digital world.

Originality/value

This study shows that growth hacking is a mind-set and process that can help technology start-ups grow quickly with a limited marketing budget. The research offers guidelines and frameworks for start-ups to understand the growth hacking process. The concept has direct synergy with agile marketing and this might be a term/ methodology with which people in the UK may feel more comfortable given the negative connotations of the word “hacking”.
Collaborative configurations of tourism development: a Greenlandic example
Authors: Chimirri Daniela
Published: November 2019

Purpose

While tourism scholars have increasingly recognized the significance of collaboration as an essential element in tourism development, there is a lack of theoretical and empirical research centering on (trans)local collaboration as a central means for future tourism development in Greenland. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the conceptual and analytic potentials and challenges of collaboration in an explorative case study.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper applies a case study approach to scrutinize collaboration in the setting of a tourism workshop in South Greenland. This research approach is exploratory in nature and focuses on collaborative activities among participants from different research institutions and countries, from Campus Kujalleq in Qaqortoq, from small-scale enterprises and businesses, managers of destination marketing organizations and local fishermen.

Findings

Four “collaborative configurations” emerged during the workshop. These inspire and challenge ways of (re)conceptualizing collaborative tourism development in South Greenland and call for the reconsideration of the present approach toward tourism development for shaping new possible future(s) of tourism in the Greenlandic context.

Originality/value

The relevance of this paper emerges from the crucial significance that tourism actors in Greenland credit collaboration. Moreover, by approaching development issues from within and mutually developing possible practice solutions through collaboration with local tourism actors, the paper aims to give voice to the local community, which currently is lacking in the debate on tourism development in Greenland.
Cultural centres: a future for cultural Arctic tourism?
Authors: Cooper Elizabeth Ann
Published: November 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to examine the potential of cultural centres to be spaces that foster interaction between tourists and locals, and thereby meet the demands of new cultural tourists. This is done through conducting a case study of Katuaq Cultural Centre in Nuuk, Greenland. Combining theories of cultural contact and placemaking, the paper analyses how locals and tourists make use of and experience the centre. The paper then goes on to conduct a broader discussion about how future placemaking in tourism can respond to the emerging demands of cultural Arctic tourists, and to suggest ways to encourage positive interaction on both a local community level and a resident-visitor level.

Design/methodology/approach

A series of anthropological research methods were used, including participant observation in the cultural centre itself, and informal and semi-structured interviews with relevant stakeholders.

Findings

Concluding that, from multiple perspectives, Katuaq fails to perform as a “centre of culture”, the study offers innovative insights into how cultural centres can be operated more inclusively in the future, as spaces in which members of different cultural groups can achieve positive interaction. It is argued that the future of successful and fulfilling cultural tourism offerings in the Arctic lies at the intersection of tourism and leisure studies.

Originality/value

The originality of this paper lies first in its deepening of the academic discussion of cultural centres. Second, and on a broader level, the paper identifies an emerging trend of “community–tourism spaces” as cultural tourism offerings, and provides some insights into the conflicts experienced in these kinds of spaces, as well as some suggestions as to how further research on these spaces should continue.
The last resort? Ski tourism and climate change in Arctic Sweden
Authors: Demiroglu Osman Cenk , Lundmark Linda , Saarinen Jarkko , Müller Dieter K.
Published: November 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to discuss the external and internal factors that support or challenge a possible transformation of Arctic Sweden into a major ski destination under a changing climate.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper questions future availability of the physical and the human factors that foster ski tourism development in Arctic Sweden and suggests a comparative case study in relation to the already existing large resort-based ski destinations in Arctic Finland.

Findings

Preliminary documentary analysis shows that the governmental and the industrial discourses over the past decade have acknowledged a competitive edge for Sweden and its northernmost regions in particular and may even propose a structural shift for ski tourism in the near future agenda. The visualisations based on natural snow projections presented in this paper confirm this comparative advantage but other technical and socioeconomic development factors are further discussed, in relation to Arctic Finland.

Research limitations/implications

Future research agenda is suggested to cover, first, assessment of natural and technical snow reliability of existing and all potential ski areas in Sweden and within its competitive set extending to all the Nordics and the Alps, then, incorporation of adaptive capacities of the suppliers but especially the likely substitution tendencies of the consumers, and finally, evaluation of the overall situation in terms of the regional development needs.

Social implications

It is apparent that land use conflicts will arise in case of large ski resort-based destination development in Arctic Sweden, especially around the environmentally protected areas, which are not only already important attractions for nature-based tourism but also traditional livelihoods for the Sami.

Originality/value

This is the first paper to discuss a potential regional and structural shift of ski tourism in Sweden.
A study on users’ perception of the role of library in the sharing economic era in Korea
Authors: Noh Younghee , Ro Ji-Yoon , Jeong Dae-Keun
Published: November 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the possibilities of prioritizing tasks, actual sharing of libraries, collaboration policies and the directions via quantifying the relative importance of services for each value based on users’ perceptions observed from in-depth analysis of the investigation results. Through this, the study expects that libraries will provide high – level the sharing economy services, reflecting users’ needs.

Design/methodology/approach

This study surveyed public library users across the country have through the survey method and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method to examine the perceptions of users on the roles of libraries in the sharing economy’s environment to deduce the directions and priorities to activate the roles and functions of libraries in the era of the sharing economy.

Findings

The research results are as follow: first, public library users’ awareness of the concept of the sharing economy was low, but they observed a relation between the two concepts after understanding the concept of the sharing economy. Second, The users’ personal characteristics were observed to mostly affect knowledge information service, experience talent sharing, material sharing and space sharing. Lastly, the study sought to identify the relative importance (preference) of various library services which pursue the value of the sharing economy through AHP analysis method. The values of the sharing economy were preferred in the order of social>economic>technical>relational values which can be enumerated to convenience>knowledge>space>education>contents>new technology>experienced talent>object>network.

Originality/value

This study has a great significance in that it analyzed actual library users’ perceptions on the concept of the sharing economy and the functions and roles of libraries in the era of the sharing economy from a multifaceted angle. In addition, this study carries an important meaning as it provided an opportunity to vitalize libraries and explored the measures to actualize the roles of libraries in tandem with the environment of the sharing economy by recognizing the values of libraries based on the new concepts and values of the sharing economy and presenting the functions and roles of the libraries from the aspects of the sharing economy.
Environmental quality and energy import dynamics
Authors: Alola Andrew Adewale , Eluwole Kayode Kolawole , Alola Uju Violet , Lasisi Taiwo Temitope , Avci Turgay
Published: November 2019

Purpose

The geographical location and the ambiance of the Coastline Mediterranean Countries (CMCs) advantageously present the region as a tourist destination with rich cultures. The paper aims to discuss this issue.

Design/methodology/approach

As such, this study investigates the dynamics of energy import and environmental quality in relation to international tourism development for nine CMCs over the period 1995–2013 using a pooled mean group approach.

Findings

Although the impacts of energy import, CO2 (here as environmental quality) and GDP on international tourism receipts are observed to be significant and negative, international tourist arrival expectedly exerts positive and significant impact, all at the adjustment speed of 0.19. A heterogeneously robust Granger non-causality test further reveals a strong one-directional causal relationship from energy import to tourism receipts.

Research limitations/implications

The dynamics of the energy market amidst persistent evolution of new source(s) of energy would evidently play a significant role in the region’s tourism sector. It then suggests policy direction to governments of the region and by extension the global tourism market.

Originality/value

By providing insight into the nexus of environment, energy and tourism development, the current study is the first that addresses the concern in the context of the CMCs.
Transactional and transformational leadership: a study of Indonesian managers
Authors: Passakonjaras Somchanok , Hartijasti Yanki
Published: November 2019

Purpose

Indonesia was chosen to be a site of study on leadership style due to its high economic growth potential. The primary objectives of this study are twofold. This paper aims to, first, explore the leadership styles of Indonesian managers and investigate whether the full range leadership theory by Bass (1985), i.e. transformational, transactional and laissez-faire leadership, is applicable in the Indonesian context and second, investigate whether there are differences in leadership styles among Indonesian managers, as Indonesian people are composed of over 300 ethnicities.

Design/methodology/approach

Respondents were asked to rate their direct bosses on leadership and their perceived performance on an multifactor leadership questionnaire. In all, 425 Indonesian managers participated in the study. Multiple regression and t-test were used to address the above research questions.

Findings

Results indicated that the full range leadership theory is applicable in the Indonesian context, in which Indonesian people generally rate their superiors who use transformational leadership higher than those who use transactional and laissez-faire leadership. Ethnic differences in leadership style were found between that of Padang and Javanese and of Padang and Chinese. Padang managers, whose cultural values are quite unique, seem to practice more transformational leadership and contingent reward, which is a positive reinforcement in transactional leadership.

Research limitations/implications

Common method bias may occur due to the single source of data, i.e. subordinates. The confidentiality of the survey helps reduce the bias as subordinates could evaluate their bosses in a true manner. In addition, categorizing ethnicities among Indonesians is not an easy task. A finer distinction of ethnicities is certainly needed in future research.

Practical implications

The results are useful for human resource department in selecting the potential leaders, as transformational leaders are generally more preferable. In addition, the findings shed some light on the effective leadership styles of Indonesian managers perceived by their subordinates.

Originality/value

One major theoretical contribution of this study is a proof of the applicability of the full range leadership theory by Bass (1985) in Indonesian work setting. It confirms the extension of the theory’s universality. A unique theoretical contribution of this study is its being the first study that addresses the ethnic differences in leadership style in Indonesia.
Analysis of tourism demand using a multi-dimensional panel gravity model
Authors: Yerdelen Tatoglu Ferda , Gul Hasan
Published: November 2019

Purpose

This study aims to estimate the determinants of international tourist flows between destinations by using the panel gravity model.

Design/methodology/approach

The multi-dimensional panel gravity model was used to analyse tourism originating from 30 different countries to the 14 most-visited countries in the world between 2008 and 2016. Income (i.e. per capita gross domestic product for both the origin and destination countries), distance between countries, various economic indicators and six dummy variables were added to the gravity model as control variables.

Findings

The results indicated that tourist arrivals depended mainly on economic factors, i.e. income and trade variables were significant determinants of tourist arrivals. The results also suggested that estimated international tourist flows are a negative function of distance, as is postulated in economic theory.

Originality/value

In recent years, gravity models have been used frequently to analyse international tourism demand and have demonstrated their ability to evaluate the effects of various determinants of international tourism for many countries. The literature includes studies that used a two-dimensional panel gravity model to analyse the determinants of tourism demand to a single country from many different countries. This study differs in terms of specificity; in that, it relied on a three-dimensional panel gravity model that allowed for modelling of multiple destination countries. As a result, more comprehensive and general results relative to the determinants of tourism demand were obtained. In addition, the application of a non-nested three-dimensional panel data model, which has limited use, contributes a new perspective to the econometric literature.
Triplications for the converted wave in transversely isotropic media with a tilted symmetry axis
Authors: Xu Shibo , Stovas Alexey , Mikada Hitoshi
Published: November 2019

In seismic data processing, serious problems could be caused by the existence of triplication and need to be treated properly for tomography and other inversion methods. The triplication in transversely isotropic medium with a vertical symmetry axis has been well studied and concluded that the triplicated traveltime only occurs for S wave and there is no triplication for P and converted PS waves since the P wave convexity slowness always compensates the S wave slowness concavity. Compared with the vertical symmetry axis model, the research of the triplication in transversely isotropic medium with a tilted symmetry axis is still keeping blank. In order to analyse the triplication for the converted wave in the tilted symmetry axis model, we examine the traveltime of the triplication from the curvature of averaged P and S wave slowness. Three models are defined and tested in the numerical examples to illustrate the behaviour of the tilted symmetry axis model for the triplicated traveltime with the change of the rotation angle. Since the orientation of an interface is related to the orientation of the symmetry axis, the triplicated traveltime is encountered for the converted wave in the tilted symmetry axis model assuming interfaces to be planar and horizontal. The triplicated region is influenced by the place and level of the concave curvature of the P and S wave slowness.
Abiotic niche partitioning and negative density dependence across multiple life stages in a temperate forest in northeastern China
Authors: Yao Jie , Bachelot Benedicte , Meng Lingjun , Qin Jianghuan , Zhao Xiuhai , Zhang Chunyu
Published: November 2019

Negative density dependence (NDD) and niche partitioning have been proposed to explain the species coexistence in plant communities. However, the majority of previous studies have examined either only resource partitioning or NDD, or have focused only on a single life‐history stage. We thus lack knowledge regarding the relative importance of biotic neighbourhood interactions and abiotic conditions on survival at the various life stages of a tree.

Using tree and seedling demographics data, and combined with spatially explicit abiotic and biotic data, we assessed the relative importance of abiotic and biotic variables for survival from the seedling to tree stage in a temperate forest in northeastern China.

We provide strong evidence that both biotic and abiotic neighbourhood variables affect individual survival. We also observed that their relative importance varied with the life‐history stages of a tree. The strength of the effect of conspecific tree neighbours decreases along ontogeny, while the roles of the topographic and edaphic variables increase at later life stages. Heterospecific tree neighbours show consistent negative effects on individual survival at all life stages, yet had the strongest influence on survival at the seedling stage.

We demonstrated that species vary widely in their probability of survival under different environmental conditions, as well as in response to differences in neighbour identity and density. Overall, the effects of conspecific neighbours varied more among species than the effects of heterospecific neighbour density. Wide variation among species in response to abiotic variables is a necessary requirement for niche differentiation and coexistence via resource partitioning processes. Our findings indicate that conspecific NDD and abiotic niche partitioning are major structuring mechanisms in our temperate forest in northeastern China.

Synthesis. Both biotic and abiotic neighbourhood variables affected individual survival, but the relative importance varied with the life‐history stages and among species. Our results indicated that niche partitioning may contribute to the coexistence through differential responses to abiotic factors, as well as to conspecific negative density dependence (NDD). Finally, our results demonstrated the necessity to incorporate multiple life stages and multiple influence factors when elucidating the maintenance of species diversity in temperate forests.
Do university sports function as advertising in the Japanese higher education market? An analysis of the Hakone Ekiden long‐distance relay road race
Authors: Yamamura Eiji
Published: November 2019

The Hakone Ekiden, a university‐level long‐distance relay race, is the premier New Year's sporting event in Japan. It is held immediately prior to the university application period. Using panel data for 2001 to 2015, I examined how this race influences the number of applicants for university entrance examinations. The major finding is that applicants per intake for a particular department in a university was 0.7 points larger when that university participated in the current year's race than when it did not. However, the effect of participating in the previous year's race was not observed. Furthermore, the effect increased when the department of the university was more difficult to enter or was located in Tokyo. This reveals that prestigious universities participating in the race give students a casual motivation to take an entrance examination of the university without regard for their chances of passing.
Commuter lives: a review symposium on David Bissell's Transit Life
Authors: Latham Alan , Edensor Tim , Hopkins Debbie , Fitt Helen , Lobo Michele , Mansvelt Juliana , McNeill Donald , Bissell David
Published: November 2019

This article presents a series of commentaries on Transit Life: How Commuting is Transforming Our Cities, published by MIT Press in 2018. Centring on an in—depth case study of Sydney, the book argues the need to attend carefully to the fine—grained detail of the commuting experience. In all sorts of ways, Transit Life presents a way of thinking about urban transportation radically different from that used by mainstream transport planners and geographers. Geographical Research asked six researchers—Tim Edensor, Michele Lobo, Debbie Hopkins, Helen Fitt, Juliana Mansvelt, and Donald McNeill—to reflect on what kind of research vistas might be opened up bring the tools of cultural geography and mobility research to the world of commuting. Here are their responses, rounded out by a reply by David Bissell, Transit Life's author.
The collective bargaining of flexicurity: A case for sector‐level analysis? The Italian chemical and metalworking sectors compared
Authors: Paolucci Valentina , Galetto Manuela
Published: November 2019

Although employment relations in Europe have long been seen as a factor of rigidity, limiting managerial discretion and adaptability, in the last 30 years, they have witnessed a trend towards decentralisation of collective bargaining and negotiations increasingly centred on flexibility–security trade‐offs between employers and employees. Research on the contribution of collective bargaining to the so‐called flexicurity has mostly focused on national‐level institutional arrangements. In this article, we contend that meso‐level differences need to feature more prominently in the debate. Our comparison of two sectors in the same country (chemicals and metalworking in Italy) shows that decentralisation has divergent effects on flexicurity issues depending in particular on differences in market structures and on depth of bargaining. The interplay between these two factors affects what we refer to as procedural security, which we view as important in ensuring sustainable trade‐offs between flexibility and security.
Relationship between polymorphisms in −572G/C interleukin 6 promoter gene polymorphisms (rs1800796) and risk of rheumatoid arthritis: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Zhang Chunfang , Jiao Shuang , Li Tianyu , Zhao Lihua , Chen Huijun
Published: November 2019

Aims

This meta‐analysis was aimed to investigate the association between −572G/C interleukin (IL)‐6 gene polymorphism and occurrence risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods

Literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Springer and Google Scholar up to November 2018. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by Revman 5.3.

Results

A total of six case‐control studies were included in this meta‐analysis. In the allele model (G vs C), homozygous gene model (GG vs CC), recessive gene model (GG vs GC + CC), and dominant gene model (GG + GC vs CC), the pooled estimate indicated there was significant association between −572G/C IL‐6 gene polymorphism and risk of RA. However, no significant statistical results were found in meta‐analyses of heterozygote gene models.

Conclusions

The −572G/C IL‐6 gene polymorphism is associated with the risk of RA. The GG genotype may be the main contributor in increasing susceptibility to RA.
Base excision repair but not DNA double‐strand break repair is impaired in aged human adipose‐derived stem cells
Authors: Zhang Haiping , Cai Bailian , Geng Anke , Tang Huanyin , Zhang Wenjun , Li Sheng , Jiang Ying , Tan Rong , Wan Xiaoping , Mao Zhiyong
Published: November 2019

The decline in DNA repair capacity contributes to the age‐associated decrease in genome integrity in somatic cells of different species. However, due to the lack of clinical samples and appropriate tools for studying DNA repair, whether and how age‐associated changes in DNA repair result in a loss of genome integrity of human adult stem cells remains incompletely characterized. Here, we isolated 20 eyelid adipose‐derived stem cell (ADSC) lines from healthy individuals (young: 10 donors with ages ranging 17–25 years; old: 10 donors with ages ranging 50–59 years). Using these cell lines, we systematically compared the efficiency of base excision repair (BER) and two DNA double‐strand break (DSB) repair pathways—nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) and homologous recombination (HR)—between the young and old groups. Surprisingly, we found that the efficiency of BER but not NHEJ or HR is impaired in aged human ADSCs, which is in contrast to previous findings that DSB repair declines with age in human fibroblasts. We also demonstrated that BER efficiency is negatively associated with tail moment, which reflects a loss of genome integrity in human ADSCs. Mechanistic studies indicated that at the protein level XRCC1, but not other BER factors, exhibited age‐associated decline. Overexpression of XRCC1 reversed the decline of BER efficiency and genome integrity, indicating that XRCC1 is a potential therapeutic target for stabilizing genomes in aged ADSCs.
Paternal nicotine enhances fear memory, reduces nicotine administration, and alters hippocampal genetic and neural function in offspring
Authors: Goldberg Lisa R. , Zeid Dana , Kutlu Munir Gunes , Cole Robert D. , Lallai Valeria , Sebastian Aswathy , Albert Istvan , Fowler Christie D. , Parikh Vinay , Gould Thomas J.
Published: November 2019

Nicotine use remains highly prevalent with tobacco and e‐cigarette products consumed worldwide. However, increasing evidence of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance suggests that nicotine use may alter behavior and neurobiology in subsequent generations. We tested the effects of chronic paternal nicotine exposure in C57BL6/J mice on fear conditioning in F1 and F2 offspring, as well as conditioned fear extinction and spontaneous recovery, nicotine self‐administration, hippocampal cholinergic functioning, RNA expression, and DNA methylation in F1 offspring. Paternal nicotine exposure was associated with enhanced contextual and cued fear conditioning and spontaneous recovery of extinguished fear memories. Further, nicotine reinforcement was reduced in nicotine‐sired mice, as assessed in a self‐administration paradigm. These behavioral phenotypes were coupled with altered response to nicotine, upregulated hippocampal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor binding, reduced evoked hippocampal cholinergic currents, and altered methylation and expression of hippocampal genes related to neural development and plasticity. Gene expression analysis suggests multigenerational effects on broader gene networks potentially involved in neuroplasticity and mental disorders. The changes in fear conditioning similarly suggest phenotypes analogous to anxiety disorders similar to post‐traumatic stress.