bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Incidence and risk factors of acute kidney injury in critically ill patients from a single centre in Brazil: a retrospective cohort analysis
Authors: dos Santos Reginaldo Passoni , Carvalho Ariana Rodrigues da Silva , Peres Luis Alberto Batista
Published: December 2019

Studies with a comprehensive analysis of the epidemiology of acute kidney injury (AKI) in intensive care units (ICUs) are still limited in developing countries. The aim of this study is to identify the incidence and risk factors of AKI in critically ill patients from a Brazilian ICU. We performed a retrospective analysis of the records of patients admitted to a single-centre adult ICU in Brazil between 1 January 2011 and 31 December 2016. The KDIGO criteria were used to define AKI. Univariate and multivariate data analyses were carried out. We included 1,500 patients. The incidence of AKI was 40.5%, and the AKI dialysis rate was 13%. The predictors of AKI at ICU admission included hypertension [odds ratio (OR) = 1.44, p 0.017], high serum creatinine concentration [OR = 3.54; p < 0.001], low serum albumin concentration [OR = 1.42, p 0.015], high APACHE II score [OR = 2.10; p < 0.001] and high SAPS 3 [OR = 1.75; p < 0.001]. The incidence of AKI was high, and we identified the predictors of AKI among critically ill Brazilian patients. The results of this study may contribute to the implementation of targeted therapies.
CXCR7 promotes migration and invasion in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by upregulating TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling
Authors: Kim Nayoung , Ryu Hyewon , Kim Solbi , Joo Mina , Jeon Heung Jin , Lee Myung-Won , Song Ik-Chan , Kim Mi-Na , Kim Jin-Man , Lee Hyo Jin
Published: December 2019

The chemokine receptor CXCR7 has been suggested to play important roles in the progression of several types of cancers. However, few studies have investigated the biological roles of CXCR7 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). CXCR7 expression and its clinical implications were examined in 103 HNSCC tissues using immunohistochemistry (IHC). The biological roles and mechanisms of CXCR7-mediated signaling pathways were investigated in HNSCC cells through CXCR7 overexpression in vitro and in vivo. High expression of CXCR7 was significantly associated with tumor size (P = 0.007), lymph node metastasis (P = 0.004), and stage (P = 0.020) in HNSCC. Overexpression of CXCR7 in HNSCC cells enhanced cell migration and invasion in vitro and promoted lymph node metastasis in vivo. CXCR7 also induced epithelial–mesenchymal transition through PI3K/AKT. CXCR7 increased secretion of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and promoted EMT through phosphorylated Smad2/3. Taken together, our results provide functional and mechanistic roles of CXCR7 as a master regulator of oncogenic TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling in HNSCC, suggesting that CXCR7 might be a therapeutic target for the treatment of HNSCC.
Bridging population genetics and the metacommunity perspective to unravel the biogeographic processes shaping genetic differentiation of Myriophyllum alterniflorum DC.
Authors: García-Girón Jorge , García Pedro , Fernández-Aláez Margarita , Bécares Eloy , Fernández-Aláez Camino
Published: December 2019

The degree to which dispersal limitation interacts with environmental filtering has intrigued metacommunity ecologists and molecular biogeographers since the beginning of both research disciplines. Since genetic methods are superior to coarse proxies of dispersal, understanding how environmental and geographic factors influence population genetic structure is becoming a fundamental issue for population genetics and also one of the most challenging avenues for metacommunity ecology. In this study of the aquatic macrophyte Myriophyllum alterniflorum DC., we explored the spatial genetic variation of eleven populations from the Iberian Plateau by means of microsatellite loci, and examined if the results obtained through genetic methods match modern perspectives of metacommunity theory. To do this, we applied a combination of robust statistical routines including network analysis, causal modelling and multiple matrix regression with randomization. Our findings revealed that macrophyte populations clustered into genetic groups that mirrored their geographic distributions. Importantly, we found a significant correlation between genetic variation and geographic distance at the regional scale. By using effective (genetic) dispersal estimates, our results are broadly in line with recent findings from metacommunity theory and re-emphasize the need to go beyond the historically predominant paradigm of understanding environmental heterogeneity as the main force driving macrophyte diversity patterns.
Standalone smartphone apps for mental health—a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Weisel Kiona K. , Fuhrmann Lukas M. , Berking Matthias , Baumeister Harald , Cuijpers Pim , Ebert David D.
Published: December 2019

While smartphone usage is ubiquitous, and the app market for smartphone apps targeted at mental health is growing rapidly, the evidence of standalone apps for treating mental health symptoms is still unclear. This meta-analysis investigated the efficacy of standalone smartphone apps for mental health. A comprehensive literature search was conducted in February 2018 on randomized controlled trials investigating the effects of standalone apps for mental health in adults with heightened symptom severity, compared to a control group. A random-effects model was employed. When insufficient comparisons were available, data was presented in a narrative synthesis. Outcomes included assessments of mental health disorder symptom severity specifically targeted at by the app. In total, 5945 records were identified and 165 full-text articles were screened for inclusion by two independent researchers. Nineteen trials with 3681 participants were included in the analysis: depression (k = 6), anxiety (k = 4), substance use (k = 5), self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (k = 4), PTSD (k = 2), and sleep problems (k = 2). Effects on depression (Hedges’ g = 0.33, 95%CI 0.10–0.57, P = 0.005, NNT = 5.43, I2 = 59%) and on smoking behavior (g = 0.39, 95%CI 0.21–0.57, NNT = 4.59, P ≤ 0.001, I2 = 0%) were significant. No significant pooled effects were found for anxiety, suicidal ideation, self-injury, or alcohol use (g = −0.14 to 0.18). Effect sizes for single trials ranged from g = −0.05 to 0.14 for PTSD and g = 0.72 to 0.84 for insomnia. Although some trials showed potential of apps targeting mental health symptoms, using smartphone apps as standalone psychological interventions cannot be recommended based on the current level of evidence.
Operando diffuse reflectance UV-vis spectroelectrochemistry for investigating oxygen evolution electrocatalysts
Authors: Wahl Sebastian , El-Refaei Sayed M. , Amsalem Patrick , Buzanich Ana Guilherme , Koch Norbert , Pinna Nicola
Published: December 2019

A diffuse reflectance UV-vis spectroelectrochemical study on Zn0.35Co0.65O and CoAl2O4 tracking the changes of solid oxygen evolution catalysts under working conditions to derive structure-activity correlations and insights in the active structures.
A free-standing manganese cobalt sulfide@cobalt nickel layered double hydroxide core–shell heterostructure for an asymmetric supercapacitor
Authors: Liang Haoyan , Lin Tiesong , Wang Shengyao , Jia Henan , Li Chun , Cao Jian , Feng Jicai , Fei Weidong , Qi Junlei
Published: November 2019

Rational design of self-supported electrode materials is important to develop high-performance supercapacitors.
A 3D Cu(ii) tetrazolate coordination polymer based on pentanuclear units with a large coercive field
Authors: Sun Wu-Juan , Li Lei-Lei , Liu Xiang-Yu , Liu Shuang , Ke Cong-Yu , Zhang Qun-Zheng , Zhang Xun-Li
Published: November 2019

A 3D Cu(ii) coordination polymer with the ligand 1,2-bis(tetrazol-5-yl) exhibits spin-canting magnetic behavior with a large coercive field of 2.3 kOe.
Electrothermal patches driving the transdermal delivery of insulin
Authors: Pagneux Quentin , Ye Ran , Chengnan Li , Barras Alexandre , Hennuyer Nathalie , Staels Bart , Caina D. , Osses J. I. Avila , Abderrahmani Amar , Plaisance Valérie , Pawlowski Valérie , Boukherroub Rabah , Melinte Sorin , Szunerits Sabine
Published: December 2019

We demonstrate insulin delivery by electrothermal patches engineered via standard microfabrication protocols from thin metal-on-polymer laminates.
Correction and removal of expression of concern: Controllable 2H-to-1T′ phase transition in few-layer MoTe2
Authors: Tan Yuan , Luo Fang , Zhu Mengjian , Xu Xiaolong , Ye Yu , Li Bing , Wang Guang , Luo Wei , Zheng Xiaoming , Wu Nannan , Yu Yayun , Qin Shiqiao , Zhang Xue-Ao
Published: November 2019

Removal of expression of concern for ‘Controllable 2H-to-1T′ phase transition in few-layer MoTe2’ by Yuan Tan et al., Nanoscale, 2018, 10, 19964–19971.
Peroxide-mediated site-specific C–H methylation of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines and quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones under metal-free conditions
Authors: Jin Shengzhou , Yao Hua , Lin Sen , You Xiaoqing , Yang Yao , Yan Zhaohua
Published: November 2019

An effective approach to realize the direct methylation of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridines and quinoxalin-2(1H)-ones with peroxides under metal-free conditions is described.
Plasma treated Bi2WO6 ultrathin nanosheets with oxygen vacancies for improved photocatalytic CO2 reduction
Authors: Li Qidi , Zhu Xingwang , Yang Jinman , Yu Qing , Zhu Xianglin , Chu Jinyu , Du Yansheng , Wang Chongtai , Hua Yingjie , Li Huaming , Xu Hui
Published: December 2019

Ar-plasma treatment quickly and effectively increased the amount of oxygen vacancies on the surface of Bi2WO6. In photocatalytic CO2 reduction, the CO generation rate of Bi2WO6 with abundant surface oxygen vacancies increased by 2.4 times.
Carbon quantum dots enhanced the activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction in ruthenium-based electrocatalysts
Authors: Li Weidong , Wei Zhihong , Wang Boyang , Liu Yuan , Song Haoqiang , Tang Zhiyong , Yang Bai , Lu Siyu
Published: December 2019

The Ru supported on Porphyra-CQDs exhibited better dispersibility and the highest activity compared with biomass Porphyra and Porphyra activated carbon owing to the strong coordination interactions between Ru and CQDs.
Pd-Catalyzed highly selective and direct ortho C–H arylation of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives
Authors: Zhou Jing , Mao Zhengtong , Pan Haokun , Zhang Xingxian
Published: December 2019

Pd-Catalyzed one-pot direct ortho C–H arylation of pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives is reported. This protocol provides a variety of biphenyl-containing pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines in good to excellent yields.
A novel fluorescence phenomenon caused by amine induced ion-exchange between Cd2+ and Fe3+ ions
Authors: Jia Lei , Xue Zhe , Zhu Rong-Rong , Yan Tong , Wang Yu-Na , Zhang Suo-Shu , Geng Xiao , Du Lin , Zhao Qi-Hua
Published: December 2019

A 3D metal–organic framework {[Cd(5-Brp)(dpa)]·0.5DMF·H2O}n (1) was successfully synthesized and characterized, which markedly recognized iron ions under the induction of an amino group.
Correction: Study on photoelectric characteristics of monolayer WS2 films
Authors: Wang Lin , Wang Wenyan , Wang Quan , Chi Xiaochun , Kang Zhihui , Zhou Qiang , Pan Lingyun , Zhang Hanzhuang , Wang Yinghui
Published: November 2019

Correction for ‘Study on photoelectric characteristics of monolayer WS2 films’ by Lin Wang et al., RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 37195–37200.
Protonation-induced pH increase at the triblock copolymer micelle interface for transient membrane permeability at neutral pH
Authors: Sarkar Yeasmin , Roy Snigdha , Majumder Rini , Das Sanju , Bhalani Dixit V. , Ray Ambarish , Jewrajka Suresh K. , Parui Partha Pratim
Published: November 2019

An increase of bulk-to-interface pH-deviation due to partially protonated interface of tri-block polymer micelle makes an acidic membrane interface transiently permeable.
Chemo-mechanical strain effects on band engineering of the TiO2 photocatalyst for increasing the water splitting activity
Authors: Kim Yoonyoung , Watanabe Motonori , Matsuda Junko , Staykov Aleksandar , Kusaba Hajime , Takagaki Atsushi , Akbay Taner , Ishihara Tatsumi
Published: December 2019

Tensile strain induced by dispersion of Au particles is effective for stabilizing the anatase phase of TiO2 at high temperature and also increasing the photocatalytic activity by an increase in the charge separation with band engineering.
Optimizing the rate capability of nickel cobalt phosphide nanowires on graphene oxide by the outer/inter-component synergistic effects
Authors: Jing Chuan , Song Xianyu , Li Kailin , Zhang Yumeng , Liu Xiaoying , Dong Biqin , Dong Fan , Zhao Shuangliang , Yao Hongchang , Zhang Yuxin
Published: December 2019

Bimetallic phosphides have been identified as promising alternative electrode materials owing to their admirable conductivity and electrochemical activity.
Using the NN dipole as a theoretical indicator for estimating the electrocatalytic performance of active sites in the nitrogen reduction reaction: single transition metal atoms embedded in two dimensional phthalocyanine
Authors: Liu Fangfang , Song Luying , Liu Yunxia , Zheng Fangfang , Wang Lu , Palotás Krisztián , Lin Haiping , Li Youyong
Published: December 2019

The dipole of the NN triple bond in an adsorbed N2 molecule as an efficient theoretical indicator for estimating NRR activities.
Towards the design of effective multipodal contacts for use in the construction of Langmuir–Blodgett films and molecular junctions
Authors: Escorihuela Enrique , Cea Pilar , Bock Sören , Milan David C. , Naghibi Saman , Osorio Henrry M. , Nichols Richard J. , Low Paul J. , Martin Santiago
Published: December 2019

The introduction of methylthioethers to the molecular wire 1,4-bis(pyridylethynyl)benzene gives rise to a prototypical one with a multipodal surface contacting motif that do not perturb the favourable electrical characteristics of the pyridyl group.
Impurity states in Mo1−xMxSe2 compounds doped with group VB elements and their electronic and thermal transport properties
Authors: Zhang Cheng , Li Zhi , Zhang Min , Xie Hongyao , Hong Changhua , Su Xianli , Tan Gangjian , Poudeu Pierre Ferdinand Poudeu , Uher Ctirad , Liu Wei , Tang Xinfeng
Published: December 2019

Impurity states and defects scattering introduced by substitutional doping of Mo1−xMxSe2 with group VB elements.
Investigation of ferrimagnetism and ferroelectricity in AlxFe2−xO3 thin films
Authors: Rao Badari Narayana , Yasui Shintaro , Katayama Tsukasa , Taguchi Ayako , Moriwake Hiroki , Hamasaki Yosuke , Itoh Mitsuru
Published: December 2019

AlxFe2−xO3 thin-films with polar orthorhombic (space group: Pna21) structure are interesting, because they show both ferrimagnetism and ferroelectricity at room temperature.
Realizing high-brightness and ultra-wide-color-gamut laser-driven backlighting by using laminated phosphor-in-glass (PiG) films
Authors: Wang Le , Wei Ran , Zheng Peng , You Shihai , Zhou Tian-Liang , Yi Wei , Takeda Takashi , Hirosaki Naoto , Xie Rong-Jun
Published: December 2019

The laminated PiG films are promising color converters for use in high-power and wide-color-gamut laser-driven display applications.
Botulism, cosmetics and a mosquito killer
Authors: Davies Jonathan
Published: December 2019

Almost everyone has heard of Botox, it's one of the brand names of a chemical injected under the skin that can reduce the appearance of wrinkles. However, many people are unaware that the active component of Botox is actually a highly potent neurotoxin from a family of proteins called botulinum neurotoxins. These proteins are the cause of a deadly condition called botulism. They are also a highly controlled substance across the world due to their potential use as a bioweapon. In fact, these are the deadliest toxins known and they are so potent that as little as 8 billionths of a gram is enough to kill you.
Application of optimal FrFT order for improving the azimuth resolution of range Doppler imaging algorithm
Authors: Wang Zhenli , Wang Qun
Published: November 2019

The traditional range Doppler (RD) imaging algorithm has become the most intuitive and classical method in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imaging processing because of its easy implementation and high processing efficiency. However, owing to the poor quality of the image produced by RD algorithm, this traditional imaging method is growing increasingly unable to meet practical needs. In an effort to solve the problem of poor azimuth imaging quality, this study proposes a high‐resolution RD azimuth imaging algorithm. The expression of the optimal order of the SAR azimuth signals using fractional Fourier transform (FrFT) is derived in detail herein. A theoretical analysis shows that this optimal order is unique and depends on the azimuth imaging parameters. The experimental results based on airborne SAR simulation data and spaceborne SAR measurement data indicate that the azimuth resolution of the proposed algorithm is improved by 31.6 or 46.8% as against that of the traditional RD algorithm, whereas the peak side lobe ratio (PSLR) and integrated side lobe ratio (ISLR) values obtained via the proposed algorithm are approximately equivalent to those obtained via the traditional RD algorithm.
No‐reference quality assessment for live broadcasting videos in temporal and spatial domains
Authors: Huang Yipo , Li Leida , Zhou Yu , Hu Bo
Published: November 2019

Nowadays, live broadcasting video has become increasingly popular and high‐quality live broadcasting video is highly needed. In practice, live broadcasting videos usually undergo several processing stages, which inevitably introduce multiple distortions, e. g. frame freezing and intensity mutation, causing the degraded quality of experience. However, little work has been done to the quality evaluation of live broadcasting videos, which may hinder the further development of more advanced live broadcasting video delivery systems. Motivated by this, this study presents a no‐reference quality evaluation model for live broadcasting videos (LBVQA) in temporal and spatial domains. In the temporal domain, statistic features are extracted to measure the frame freezing and intensity mutation, and the entropy‐based feature is extracted to describe the global jitter. In the spatial domain, blurring is measured based on phase coherence, and abnormal exposure ratio is calculated based on an adaptive threshold. Finally, all features are fed into a backpropagation neural network to train the quality prediction model. Experimental results on the Live Broadcasting Video Database demonstrate the advantages of the proposed metric over the state‐of‐the‐art image and video quality metrics.
Isolation enhancement of densely packed array antennas with periodic MTM‐photonic bandgap for SAR and MIMO systems
Authors: Alibakhshikenari Mohammad , Virdee Bal S. , Shukla Panchamkumar , See Chan H. , Abd‐Alhameed Raed A. , Falcone Francisco , Quazzane Karim , Limiti Ernesto
Published: November 2019

A metamaterial photonic bandgap (MTM‐PBG) periodic structure is used as a decoupling frame to improve the isolation between transmit–receive (T/R) sections of the densely packed array antenna in synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and multiple‐input–multiple‐output (MIMO) systems. With this technique the MTM‐PBG structure is shown to effectively suppress surface wave propagations between the T/R array antennas by an average of 12 dB. MTM‐PBG layer comprises a periodic arrangement of dielectric circles etched in the cross‐shaped microstrip frame that is inserted between the radiating elements. Unlike other recently reported methods, the advantages of the proposed technique are: (i) simplicity; (ii) cost effectiveness as there is no need for short‐circuited via‐holes or three‐dimensional metal walls; and (iii) can be retrofitted in existing array antennas. The proposed T/R array antennas were designed to operate over an arbitrary frequency range (9.25–11 GHz) with a fractional bandwidth of 17.28%. With this technique (i) the side‐lobes are reduced; (ii) there is minimal effect on the gain performance; and (iii) the minimum edge‐to‐edge gap between adjacent radiating elements can be reduced to 0.15λ at 9.25 GHz.
BeiDou system satellite‐induced pseudorange multipath bias mitigation based on different orbital characteristic for static applications
Authors: Su Mingkun , Yang Yanxi , Jiang Jinguang
Published: November 2019

Satellite‐induced pseudorange multipath bias exists in the BeiDou two‐generation system, which affects the accuracy of positioning, navigation and the rate of convergence seriously. After analysing the characteristic of the three orbital types satellite‐induced pseudorange multipath bias and deriving the orbital repetition period of the satellites, a new integrated method based on different orbital characteristic respective correction strategy, is proposed to mitigate this bias for static applications. The main idea of the new algorithm is to correct the IGSO and MEO satellites by the elevation model, which is established based on different satellites and different frequencies. And, for the GEO satellites, a new sidereal filtering strategy based on adaptive wavelet packet transform has been used to mitigate the multipath bias. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed method, two datasets were collected from the MGEX stations. The results indicate that the proposed method can mitigate the systematic satellite‐induced multipath bias for all satellites since the mean improvement rate for GEO satellites is nearly 26.63% and is about 18.53% for IGSO and MEO satellites. However, since the sidereal filtering method requires the reference day's data for extracting correction model, it can only be used for static applications.
Continuous modelling of global navigation satellite system multipath errors for sidereal filtering
Authors: Zhu Ting , Chang Guobin , Chen Chao , Zhang Laihong , Zhang Siyu
Published: November 2019

Carrier‐phase multipath effect is one of the major error sources in static global navigation satellite systems positioning applications. Sidereal filtering is an effective approach for mitigating multipath error, utilising the multipath error of the previous day to improve the positioning result of the next day. In this study two interpolation methods, namely cubic spline interpolation and piecewise linear interpolation, are used for continuous modelling of multipath error in sidereal filtering, which can further improve the performance of the filter. Sidereal filtering approach adopting the first‐order derivative Tikhonov regularisation is applied in this work. Two issues, namely the different sampling intervals or the non‐synchronisation between the data for modelling and the data to be mitigated, are solved by applying the continuous multipath models. Then the effects of two interpolation methods are compared and the feasibility of the proposed method is illustrated in the real data processing.
The research of operational temperatures of dump trucks tires
Authors: Goryunov Sergey , Khoreshok Aleksey , Grigoryeva Natalya , Preis Elena , Alitkina Oksana
Published: November 2019

Oversized tires play a significant role in the mining process for ensuring continuous and safe operation of open cast mining equipment. The article presents the influence of large tires operating temperatures tolong life operation. The results of studies of the tire heating nature during the operation arealso presented. The regression models of studied multifactor processes of heating tires are obtained by methods of computational experiment and mathematical planning. The influence of the tread height at tire heating is evaluated.
Development and debugging of MPI programs on the environmental research computing portal in the mining region
Authors: Vlasenko Andrey , Sotnikov Igor , Prokopenko Eugeniya , Demidov Anton
Published: November 2019

The article is devoted to the development of automated debugging software for parallel programs used in the analysis of the impact of mining on the ecology of the region using the MPI communication interface. The system combines the approaches of static analysis of the source code and automated control of correctness at runtime. Each approach implements a separate component of the system. An innovative idea embedded in the system is to determine the necessary checks in the patterns of erroneous behavior that the user can control by modifying the templates from the proposed set, adding their own or deleting ones that are not required. A system for describing patterns is described and several examples of formalizing errors are given. Some of the examples of errors are suitable for static analysis, while others are suitable for automated verification. The architecture and the general scheme of the automated debugging system on a computing cluster are presented. Another software project described in the article is an engineering computing portal. The portal is an expandable environment for a comprehensive study of the environmental problems of the region, integrating various services united by high-performance computing.
Innovative Solutions of the Automated Guided Vehicles in Industrial Manufacturing
Authors: Bizubac Dan , Hörmann Bernd Otto , Popa Marcel Sabin
Published: December 2019

The Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) is a mobile device that is used in the manufacturing plants lately for transporting materials from one space to another. AGVs are connected to a central navigation system which continuously directs the device to its source or destination. Their main features are their flexibility and adaptability to the environment once the AGVs are configured. The main focus of this article is to present the AGV technology based on vision navigation system reinforced by programming code and navigation graphs with the scope of adhering to the latest innovative concepts in terms of efficiency and optimized manufacturing. The topic of vision-based systems being recent to the engineeringevolution, several academicians have discussed probabilities for improvement: some introduce the concept of an independent robot which can learn through artificial intelligence about the dynamic environment or others state, that a neural network can be used in the future as the basis for movement of the AGV in the workspace.
Optimization and efficiency of toolpath generation in CAD/CAM system
Authors: Dodok Tomáš , Čuboňová Nadežda
Published: December 2019

The optimization has an important role in machining processes preparation of NC programs. The article deals with the possibilities of the optimization using at utilization of the NC tool paths in CAD/CAM systems. The experiments deal with the possibility of optimization option in concrete CAD/CAM system. Particularly were compared optimized toolpaths from CAD / CAM system Creo with toolpaths optimized in an optimization program Optimizer based on genetic algorithms.
Application of New Generation Geometrical Product Specifications in the practice in Small and Medium Sized enterprises
Authors: Toteva Pavlina , Koleva Krasimira
Published: December 2019

The increasing development of modern methods of product manufacturing implies an improvement and a new approach to the modern drawing specification in design documentation for design requirements of different parts and assemblies. The ISO Technical Committee 213 has published 148 standards and 48 otherstandards are under development. These standards set out requirements for the accuracy of geometrical characteristics of products. They define requirements for the linear sizes, dimensions different than linear sizes as well as geometric deviations such as form, orientation, location deviations and run-out, and surface roughness and waviness. Ways of indication of these requirements in the drawings are discussed. Many standards are dedicated to the requirements for measuring these characteristics, to measuring instruments for linear sizes and geometrical characteristics. This report reviews the general concept of geometrical product specifications (GPSs), the GPS model, and new terminology by tolerancing linear sizes, geometrical specifications that facilitate communication between design manufacturing and verification and prevent ambiguous interpretation of requirements. Based on the metrological expertise of the drawings in a number of small and mediumsized enterprises, the degree of implementation of the new generation GPS standards and the problems related to it have been analysed.
Method and program for the interpolation of experimental results of determining the mechanical properties of mineral composites for modern machine–tools
Authors: Ciupan Mihai , Popa Marcel , Ciupan Emilia
Published: December 2019

The paper presents a method of interpolating bifactorial experimental data with the aim of extending the results over the entire domain defined by the independent variables. This approach can be used in determining the optimum mineral casting mixes for a given application. Mechanical properties such as stiffness, ultimate tensile strength, yield strength and Poisson's coefficient can be improved.The paper describes the implementation of a radial basis function (RBF) algorithm in a MATLAB program for the interpolation of data, plotting of the results and the identification of the maximum dependent variable and the independent variables that correspond to it. It also provides the source code for the program along with explanations regarding its use. RBF interpolations can be used successfully in response surface methodology to generate approximations of the studied variables based on the experimental results. The program can be extended to work on any number of input and output variables.
Bolt fatigue parametric study of a bolted assembly
Authors: Camara Aliou Badara , Pennec Fabienne , Durif Sébastien , Robert Jean-Louis , Bouchaïr Abdelhamid
Published: December 2019

Structural integrity of aircraft, nuclear power plants, space rockets, ships, automotive structures, biomedical devices, and many other applications, is a major design purpose and concerns various components subjected to cyclic loads for which fatigue is generally the dominant factor leading to its failure. The fatigue damage cumulation phenomenon is a process which may lead to cracks initiation and possibly to the structure failure under the action of variables stresses cycles. The mechanical components are generally subjected to multiaxial stress states. Taking into account this stress states triaxiality generally deals with multiaxial fatigue criteria. They are suitable tools for assessing the material fatigue resistance against periodical stress states, especially when they are multiaxial. The study carried out in this paper aims to analyze the fatigue behaviour of pre-stressed bolts involved in a so-called tee-stub bolted assembly that is subjected to variable loads. A multiaxial fatigue post-processing tool using two multiaxial fatigue approaches (integral approach and critical plan approach) is developed and implemented on Matlab software in order to assess the bolt fatigue damage and then its fatigue life through an iterative process. The tool is validated by fatigue test results on bolted assemblies found in the literature, which are additionally compared with those obtained by standards (Eurocode, VDI). A parametric study on the tee-stub is then performed.
Evaluation of Multiaxial Creep-fatigue Strength for High Chromium Steel under Non-proportional Loading
Authors: Kasamuta Yuuki , Ogawa Fumio , Itoh Takamoto , Tanigawa Hiroyasu
Published: December 2019

This study discusses the result of creep-fatigue tests of a high-chromium steel, F82H which was designed as blanket structural materials of nuclear fusion reactor, carried out at room temperature to 823K in air. Strain paths applied were a push-pull loading and a circle loading in which normal and shear strain have 90 degree phase difference. The holding times used were 180 s and 600 s. Moreover, an evaluation of failure life by taking into account intensities of creep and non-proportionality is discussed based on both the life evaluation proposed by Itoh, et al and method of modified universal slopes. Availability of the equation for the life evaluation was confirmed by comparison with conventional universal slope method.
Multiaxial Inverse Stress Analysis for Indentation Creep
Authors: Sakane Masao , Hirano Akihiko , Hamada Naomi , Hoya Yukari , Oka Takahiro , Furukawa Masataka , Itoh Takamoto
Published: December 2019

This paper presents an extracting method of creep exponent and coefficient in Norton’s law from an indentation creep test analytically, assisted by a finite element analysis. Previous studies extracted only the creep exponent empirically with no theoretical verification. No extracting method on the creep coefficient has been proposed from an indentation creep test. By analyzing multiaxial stress states under a ball indenter in combination of a creep constitutive equation, an analytical method to derive the creep coefficient is developed. The method is verified to have a satisfactorily accuracy to determine the two material constants in Norton’s law by finite element analyses and in experiments.
A railway wheel evaluation under multiaxial loading conditions
Authors: Soares Henrique , Anes Vitor , Freitas Manuel , Reis Luis
Published: December 2019

Railway mechanical components are subject to thousands of fatigue cycles. Fatigue damage and life assessment is still an open issue. Under service multiaxial loading conditions several challenges can arise. In this study an evaluation of a railway wheel material is performed, i.e. the material properties and the working conditions are taking into account and evaluated. Different mechanical tests are carried out, namely fatigue tests under uniaxial (LCF+HCF) and biaxial (HCF) conditions, applied to several specimens made from the railway wheel. Multiaxial fatigue models were considered regarding the fatigue life estimation. Moreover, fatigue crack plane measurements were compared with estimations from several critical plane models. The applied models provided very satisfactory results, regarding the fatigue life estimation and the initial crack initiation plane under the multiaxial loadings conditions.
Taking into account the non-proportional loading effect on high cycle fatigue life predictions obtained by invariant-based approaches
Authors: Bercelli Lorenzo , Doudard Cédric , Moyne Sylvain
Published: December 2019

Industrial structures are often subjected to multiaxial fatigue loadings. If the multiple stress signals are not synced the loading is said to be non-proportional. Most of the multiaxial fatigue criteria give highly inaccurate lifetime predictions when used in the case of such loadings. The scalar equivalent stress defined by the criteria does not take into account the non-proportional nature of the multiaxial loading and leads to non-conservative predictions. Moreover a multiaxial fatigue criterion can only be applied on a stress cycle which has no clear definition when multiple unsynced signals are to be considered. This study addresses these issues by proposing a correction of an invariant based multiaxial fatigue criterion through the definition of a non-proportional degree indicator. A definition of multiaxial cycle is also given based on the Wang-Brown method. Finally a complete chain of invariant based lifetime prediction for non-proportional multiaxial fatigue is validated.
Development of Multiaxial Creep Testing Machine for Miniature Specimen
Authors: Hiyoshi Noritake , Itoh Takamoto , Sakane Masao , Tsurui Takafumi , Tsurui Masaaki
Published: December 2019

High temperature components such as boiler tube and jet engine turbine blade undergo multiaxial creep damage. Although multiaxial creep testing investigation is required for safety high temperature components designing, there are few commercial testing machines which can conduct multiaxial loading at high temperature. A new miniature cruciform specimen, which has a 5 mm square size plane stress gauge part, was designed by using FE analysis. A biaxial tensile loading creep testing machine was also designed to conduct multiaxial creep testing. The testing machine has 2 kN loading capacity and 1 kW furnace. We had also developed a non-contact displacement measuring method for the miniature specimen. This method uses conventional optical camera to get the surface observation photograph. Chasing the trace of the target mark painted at surface of the specimen, we can get the displacement of the specimen. The calculated strain value obtained from the non-contact displacement measuring method corresponds with the strain gauge value at room temperature. By using the multiaxial creep testing machine and the non-contact observation system, we can investigate not only deformation of the testing specimen but also surface conditions of materials during the creep testing.
Reproducibility of pop-in using heterogeneous welded joint specimen and cohesive surface model
Authors: Kanna Sohei , Yamashita Yoichi , Kawabata Tomoya
Published: December 2019

When a pop-in as a phenomenon of initiation, propagation, and arrest of a brittle crack occurs in the fracture toughness test, the fracture toughness may be evaluated extremely low. In order to identify the cause of pop-in occurrence, an objective of this study was to demonstrate pop-ins in the three-point bend fracture toughness tests. It was possible to reproduce pop-ins at LBZ zone by preparing the specimens containing heterogeneous weld metals and considering the temperature dependency of the toughness in each welding material. Furthermore, the pop-in occurrence could be simulated by finite element analysis using a cohesive surface.
Investigation into the dynamic characteristics of downhole perforation tools with multiple shock absorbers
Authors: Guo Xiaoqiang , Liu Jun , Wang Guorong , Liu Qingyou , Song Xianming
Published: December 2019

The use of large-charged perforating bullets after well perforation produces large impact loads, which can easily lead to early unsealing of packers, damage to testing instruments, stress failure of tubing strings, buckling deformation, and other adverse incidents. This study focuses on the safety of large-charged perforating bullets used in downhole tools. In addition, a dynamic model of downhole perforation tools with multi-shock absorber was designed, and ANSYS software was used to validate its accuracy. Perforation impact loading field experiments were developed, and the loading pressure was measured over time to obtain an even more accurate equation to calculate loading. Analysis of the effects of different numbers of shock absorbers on the dynamic characteristics of downhole tools was conducted, finding that increasing the number of shock absorbers from one to two significantly decreased the dynamic response amplitude of the downhole tools (displacement, axial force, and packer force). However, when the number was increased to three, the change in response amplitude was not significant. Based on the maximum acceleration of each section of the tubing string, the testing instrument is best installed at its upper end. As the number of shock absorbers is increased, the number of regions of the tubing string that undergo buckling deformation decreases. Increasing the number of shock absorbers helps prevent buckling deformation in the tubing string, and increases its service life.
Analytical approach and numerical simulation to investigate the stress field and the dynamic stress intensity factors of a cracked tooth subjected to a periodic loading
Authors: Boughazala Mohamed , Hamrouni Khemais , Aloui Abdessattar , Haddar Mohamed
Published: December 2019

A new analytical approach was developed in this paper to study the dynamic analysis of a cracked gear tooth subjected to a periodic loading. The finite elements method (FEM) based on the contour integral technique was used in order to validate the effectiveness and reliability of the analytical formulation. A three-dimensional (3D) model of a cracked tooth was designed where a refined mesh was applied in the crack region to better simulate the stress concentration. The main objective of this study was to investigate the influence of the crack depth and the external load on the variation of the stress intensity factors (SIF)KIandKIIassociated with the opening crack modes I and II, respectively, and on the stress field near the crack tip. The obtained results show a significant agreement between the analytical results and the FEM findings.
A social subject’s identity in everydayness: a reflection on waldenfels’s legacy
Authors: Fanenshtil Tatiana , Ivenkova Olga
Published: November 2019

Bernhard Waldenfels formulates the concept of everydayness as a “crucible of rationality”, in which everydayness is viewed as a social boundary and non-reflective social background of the subject’s interactions with the world of social reality. We explore the potential of everydayness in the detection of the identity of a social subject and rethink Waldenfels’s concept of everydayness. The research method is a phenomenological analysis. In everyday activities of the subject, structures of the humanity’s material culture are replicated and changed. The role of everydayness is growing in the modern world, along with the subjective role of a particular individual. The identification of the social subject in everydayness occurs at the level of natural and social corporeality, which is provided by the heuristics of the adaptive response to the transformation of social processes in the context of the subject’s everyday interactions. Everydayness is represented as constituent and constructive modes of the social being of the subject.
Objective reality of subjectivity: descriptors of sociality
Authors: Fedoseenkov Aleksandr
Published: November 2019

The article discusses the features of psychological states in the context of the overall development of human culture. Culture is a combination of material and spiritual values accumulated by mankind in the process of development and a way of establishing social and personal interaction, that is, a way of suppressing or developing society of certain personality traits. Culture, being an extremely broad concept, has the status of a philosophical category, since it contains all the variety of semantic contexts created by three main worldviews: religion, science and philosophy.
Therapeutische Kompetenzen in der tiefenpsychologisch fundierten und psychoanalytischen Praxis
Authors: Will Herbert
Published: November 2019

Welche therapeutischen Kompetenzen ermöglichen eine gute und fachgerechte Praxis in den tiefenpsychologisch fundierten und psychoanalytischen Verfahren? Der Artikel stellt hierzu 2 Modelle derartiger Kompetenzen vor und erläutert diese anhand eines klinischen Fallbeispiels. Im Zentrum steht die Aufgabe, ein persönliches Arbeitsmodell und eine „eigene Stimme“ als analytisch orientierter Psychotherapeut zu entwickeln.
Anti-Tumor-Therapie
Authors: Schmale Ine
Published: December 2019

Nach anfänglichen Schwierigkeiten mit Antikörper-Wirkstoff-Konjugaten werden derzeit hochwirksame Verbindungen als Kandidaten für verschiedene Indikationen entwickelt. Das Prinzip ist ein Antikörper, der an ein spezifisches Antigen der Zielstruktur bindet und mit dem Wirkstoff in die Zelle internalisiert wird. Dadurch sind diese Medikationen hochspezifisch und gehen mit einer guten Verträglichkeit einher. Das Prinzip funktioniert bei soliden und hämatologischen Tumoren, wie 2 beim ASCO präsentierte Studien zeigen.
Starke Aktivität beim refraktären multiplen Myelom
Authors: Arnheim Katharina
Published: December 2019

In der Studie ICARIA-MM hat sich die zusätzliche Gabe des Anti-CD38-Antikörpers Isatuximab zu Pomalidomid/Dexamethason (Pd), einem Standardregime in der Salvagetherapie des multiplen Myeloms (MM), durch eine 40 %ige Reduktion des Progressionsrisikos bewährt.
Senologiekongress 2019: Wissenschaftspreis 2019
Authors: Kretzschmar Alexander
Published: December 2019

Mit dem DGS-Wissenschaftspreis 2019 wurden die Organisatoren der Studie ACOSOG Z0011 ausgezeichnet. Die Erfahrungen zeigen, dass diese Studie in der täglichen Praxis ein „practice changing trial“ geworden ist, so Dr. André A. Hennigs, Heidelberg. Der Gynäkologe verwies auf eine Analyse eines Kollektivs von 166 074 Patientinnen mit primärem, invasivem Mammakarzinom aus 179 Brustzentren/Kliniken in Deutschland aus den Jahren 2008–2015.
Frühes HER2-positives Mammakarzinom
Authors: Krome Susanne
Published: December 2019

Frauen mit einem HER2-positiven, nodal-negativen Mammakarzinom in einem frühen Stadium profitieren in der APT-Studie von der adjuvanten Behandlung mit Paclitaxel und Trastuzumab. Dies galt nach 4 Jahren und war unabhängig vom Hormonrezeptorstatus. Tolaney et al. stellen nun die Langzeitergebnisse nach 7 Jahren vor. Zusätzlich erfolgten ein PAM50-Test zur Ermittlung der intrinsischen Subtypen und eine Ermittlung der Gensignatur bei Taxan-induzierter peripherer Polyneuropathie.
Hapalindoles from the Cyanobacterium Hapalosiphon sp. Inhibit T Cell Proliferation
Authors: Chilczuk Tomasz , Steinborn Carmen , Breinlinger Steffen , Zimmermann-Klemd Amy Marisa , Huber Roman , Enke Heike , Enke Dan , Niedermeyer Timo Horst Johannes , Gründemann Carsten
Published: November 2019

Novel immunomodulating agents are currently sought after for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and cancers. In this context, a screening campaign of a collection of 575 cyanobacteria extracts for immunomodulatory effects has been conducted. The screening resulted in several active extracts. Here we report the results of subsequent studies on an extract from the cyanobacterium Hapalosiphon sp. CBT1235. We identified 5 hapalindoles as the compounds responsible for the observed immunomodulatory effect. These indole alkaloids are produced by several strains of the cyanobacterial family Hapalosiphonaceae. They are known for their anti-infective, cytotoxic, and other bioactivities. Modulation of the activity of human immune cells has not yet been described. The immunomodulatory activity of the hapalindoles was characterized in vitro using flow cytometry-based measurements of T cell proliferation after carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester staining, and apoptosis and necrosis induction after annexin V/propidium iodide staining. The most potent compound, hapalindole A, reduced T cell proliferation with an IC50 of 1.56 µM, while relevant levels of apoptosis were measurable only at 10-fold higher concentrations. Hapalindole A-formamide and hapalindole J-formamide, isolated for the first time from a natural source, had much lower activity than the nonformylated derivatives while, at the same time, being less selective for antiproliferative over apoptotic effects.
Hepatic Microwave Ablation in Challenging Locations
Authors: Smolock Amanda R. , Shaw Colette
Published: December 2019

In recent years, there has been increased utilization of microwave ablation (MWA) in the treatment of soft tissue tumors. MWA has several theoretical advantages over radiofrequency ablation (RFA) by achieving a more rapid and sustained heating of tissues, increased efficacy in tissues with poor thermal conductivity, and less susceptibility to heat sink effect. While its greater power output has led to appropriate caution when applying this energy to soft tissue tumors, many commonly held beliefs regarding contraindications to MWA are unsupported by data and have been passed along based on experience with RFA. The goal of this article is to review the use of MWA in challenging clinical situations along with the existing evidence for its use.