bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Russian Higher Education as Influenced by COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors:   Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Klyachko T. L. ,   Moscow, Russian Federation, Sinelnikov-Murylev S. G. ,   Russian Foreign Trade Academy of the Ministry for Economic Development of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: March 2021

The purpose of this article is to analyze trends in Russian higher education development during the coronavirus pandemic. The paper considers main problems faced by Russian universities in their students’ transition to distance learning. Particular attention is paid to the problem of the «digital inequality», which became urgent in the conditions of online teaching organization. It is shown that the «digital inequality» does not only mean differentiating students by their having necessary equipment to study remotely. The issues of «digital inequality» are being investigated at the levels of regions, universities, teachers and students. At the same time, the authors substantiate the thesis that it will not be possible to solve the problem of the dynamic development of the Russian higher education system within the framework of the current model of budget financing, and thus propose approaches to its change.
Russian University Policies on Students` Academic Dishonesty: Punishment or Ethical Training
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics,Moscow, Russian Federation, Dremova O. V.
Published: March 2021

Students’ dishonest behavior is one of the most significant problems of higher education all over the world. Therefore, researchers and university administrators attempt to develop corresponding prevention measures. The measures can be aimed at either punishing students or engaging them in ethically sustainable academic practices, the second type becoming more and more popular in universities abroad. In this paper, discourse analysis is used to explore university policies and public statements of the rectors of Russian universities participating in the 5–100 project. The analysis helps to understand what kinds of discourses, argumentation and ways of their linguistic representation are used by Russian universities to represent their position towards students’ academic dishonesty and to influence students’ behavior. This paper might be of use for university administrators and managers, as well as for those who professionally investigate students’ academic dishonesty, to analyze and reform strategies for students’ dishonesty prevention.
«Double First-Class» Project Implementation: The Influence of Local Government in China
Authors:   Shanghai University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai, China, Fangkun Xin
Published: March 2021

This paper discusses the influence of local governments over the realization of «Double First-Class» project in China. Based on the qualitative analysis of 36 universities’ mid-term reports, the spillover effect on local economic and social development was found to be enhancing the core competitiveness of local governments. Text analysis of eight local governments’ «Double First-Class» implementation reports showed that the way of their promoting the «Double First-Class» construction were investment and talent introduction. The local participation in the «Double First-Class» competition under the constraint of national financial resources leads to the Matthew effect of university development. Universities selected for «Double First-Class» will get more resources and develop better, while other universities will be left behind. Therefore, the central government needs to intervene the competition of local governments.
Application of super absorbent polymers (SAP) in concrete construction—update of RILEM state-of-the-art report
Authors: Mechtcherine Viktor , Wyrzykowski Mateusz , Schröfl Christof , Snoeck Didier , Lura Pietro , De Belie Nele , Mignon Arn , Van Vlierberghe Sandra , Klemm Agnieszka J. , Almeida Fernando C. R. , Tenório Filho José Roberto , Boshoff William Peter , Reinhardt Hans-Wolf , Igarashi Shin-Ichi
Published: March 2021

Superabsorbent polymers (SAP) are a new, promising class of chemical admixtures which offer new possibilities in respect of influencing the properties of cement-based materials in the fresh, hardening, and hardened states. Much research work has been done in the last two decades to set the stage for introducing this truly multipurpose agent into the practice of construction. In particular, three RILEM Technical Committees: 196-ICC, 225-SAP and 260-RSC contributed considerably to the related progress by coordinating and combining the efforts of international experts in the field. The major product of the RILEM TC 225-SAP work was the State-of-the-Art Report published in 2012. This comprehensive document covered all topics relevant to the application of SAP as a concrete admixture. Since then further important progress has been made in understanding the working mechanisms of SAP in concrete and the effects of SAP-addition on various concrete properties. The article at hand presents an update on the state-of-the-art and is the concluding document delivered by the RILEM TC 260-RSC.
Klippel–Feil Syndrome A Case Report
Authors: FAZLIOĞULLARI Zeliha , BATUR Abdussamet , SOLMAZ Ekrem , ÖZCAN Ayşe Gamze , TATAR Mehmet
Published: March 2021

Klippel-Feil syndrome is a condition characterized by fusion of the spine owing to the failure of normal segmentation of the cervical structures. In this case report, we aimed to describe this rare syndrome, show the findings of this syndrome using imaging techniques, and demonstrate its clinical importance. A 41-year-old female patient presented to our faculty hospital with neck pain. Using cervical magnetic resonance imaging, we observed a decreased anteroposterior diameter; fusion between the corpora of the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th cervical spine; and an appearance consistent with fusion between the arches of the same vertebrae in sagittal slices. Cadaver studies and radiology tests were performed to identify the variations and anomalies of the cervical spine. Although computed tomography scanning is more frequently performed for the purpose of evaluating spine, magnetic resonance imaging may be performed to evaluate the adjacent soft tissue structures and the symptoms associated with vertebral pathologies. These imaging modalities are necessary and beneficial for anatomists, radiologists, neurosurgeons, and orthopedists so that they may evaluate the findings, coexisting anomalies, and risk factors of Klippel-Feil syndrome in order to reach appropriate diagnosis, follow-up, and treatment.
Paroxysmal Headache as First Finding of Pheochromocytoma, A Case Report
Authors: PEHLİVAN ZORLU Betül , SEYHAN Uğur , DUR Özlem , KOÇ Büşra , KANTAR Aslı , COSKUN Mehmet , DEVRİM Fatma , DİNÇEL Nida
Published: March 2021

Pheochromocytoma is a rare tumor that develops from the chromaffin cells of the sympathetic nervous system. Although hypertension is the most common manifestation of pheochromocytoma, it is less common in children than in adults. This condition may be overlooked like in our patient who had an undiagnosed headache for several years. Our patient was admitted to our emergency department due to the increase in headache, which lasted for about 6 years, and a neurological evaluation was performed. Due to the high blood pressure in her follow-up, she was examined further. Abdominal USG revealed a 36x26x27 mm solid lesion in the right adrenal gland with a mild hyperechogenic appearance with a cystic component. With supporting findings in magnetic resonance imaging and high catecholamine levels in blood, she was diagnosed with pheochromocytoma. Our aim in sharing this case is to emphasize the importance of measuring blood pressure in patients accurately and at each examination, evaluating them with percentile charts, and monitoring them closely.
Investigation of MMP-9 and E-selectine levels in firearm injuries
Authors: DEMİR Elif , GİDEN Ramazan
Published: March 2021

Aim: Our aim in this study is to determine how matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and E-selectin levels are affected in the damage caused by firearm injuries. At the same time, it is to investigate the value of these parameters in terms of biochemical parameters in these cases and to propose new opinions on the subject.

Material and Methods: 40 control groups and 48 patients who were brought to the hospital emergency department as a result of firearm wounds were included in the study. Venous blood samples of the patient and control groups were taken. Serum MMP-9 and E-selectin levels were measured quantitatively by using ELISA method. The obtained results were evaluated in the SPSS program.

Results: MMP-9 levels measured in our patient group were significantly higher than in the control group (p
Do Open Meetings Affect Deliberation? A Comparative Study of Political Meetings In Two Institutional Settings
Authors: Leirset Espen
Published: March 2021

Transparency in politics is a core value of democracy, but has to be balanced with politicians' need for deliberation arenas. Norway and Denmark have relatively similar political systems at the municipal level, but the balance between openness and deliberation is approached in different ways: Denmark emphasizes closed political meetings and deliberation, Norway emphasizes open meetings and democratic control. This comparative study of two Danish and two Norwegian municipalities shows that closed meetings makes politicians more able to deliberate, and that mandatory open meetings move deliberation to informal meetings, and thus creates less ability to consensus-based politics.
Reclaiming Civility: Towards Discursive Opening in Dialogue and Deliberation
Authors: Heath Renee , Borda Jennifer L.
Published: March 2021

In the midst of polarization often linked to incivility and a 'call out' culture, this paper re-imagines the role of civility. Moving away from reductionist definitions that claim civility is either oppressive or merely politeness, the authors argue for a civility that invites dissent and generates discursive openings. In this sense, civility in dialogue and deliberation settings fosters the conditions for managing the dialectic of calling out and while calling in. Arguing discursive openings are a better guideline for productive dialogue than civility, the authors draw on their work to suggest two conditions that foster civility towards discursive opening in situ. First, dialogue and deliberation designers can invite gracious contestation into the conversation through ground rules that prepare participants for earnest disagreement. The second condition that fosters discursive opening through civil deliberation is to bring forth contested language particular to issues and identities, and allow participants to determine the meaning rather than prescribe meanings that ultimately influence identities and policy. In this conception civility is what is needed to incite constructive conflict rather than used to quell conflict. The most important question becomes not was the conversation civil? But, will the conversation continue?
Dynamic SPICE-model of the regional development: a comparative analysis of the administrative and economic control mechanisms (on the example of South Federal District)
Authors: Горбанева Ольга Ивановна , Gorbaneva Olga , Мурзин Антон Дмитриевич , Murzin Anton , Угольницкий Геннадий Анатольевич , Ougolnitsky Gennady
Published: March 2021

A game theoretic formalization of the mechanisms of control over the regions as parts of a macroregion with consideration of the requirements of sustainable development is proposed. A modified Solow model is used for the description of the regional state dynamics. The model is identified on real data for the South Russian Federal District. A qualitative comparative analysis of efficiency of the administrative and economic control mechanisms is made.
Transitional dynamics in network game with heterogeneous agents: stochastic case
Authors: Королев Алексей Васильевич , Korolev Alexey
Published: March 2021

In this paper, stochastic parameters are introduced into the network games model with production and knowledges externalities. This model was formulated by V. Matveenko and A. Korolev and generalized two-period Romer model. Agents' productivities have deterministic and Wiener components. The research represents the dynamics of a single agent and the dynamics in a triangle which occurs in the process of unifying agents. Explicit expressions of the dynamics of a single agent and dyad agents in the form of Brownian random processes were obtained. A qualitative analysis of the solutions of stochastic equations and systems was carried out.
Böbrek Nakli Alıcılarında Korona Virüsün (COVID-19) Etkisi
Authors: SELÇUK Esma , ALSAMMARRAIE Hanan
Published: March 2021

Koronavirüs hastalığı (Covid-19), ilk olarak Aralık 2019'da Çin'in Hubei eyaletinde bildirilen, sistemik bir solunum yolu hastalığıdır. Covid-19, 11 Mart 2020'de Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından küresel bir pandemi ilan edilmiş ve dünya çapında yüz binlerce insanın ölümüne neden olmuştur. Covid-19, Wuhan şehrindeki hayvan pazarlarında ortaya çıkan, RNA beta koronavirüsü olan yeni şiddetli akut solunum sendromu koronavirüs 2'den (SARS-COV-2) kaynaklanmaktadır. İnsanlarda Covid-19, hava yoluyla kişiden kişiye bulaşan son derece bulaşıcı bir hastalıktır. Yaş kriteri olmaksızın insanları enfekte etme kabiliyetine sahip olan Covid-19, kronik rahatsızlıkları olan hastaların morbidite ve mortalitesinde ciddi bir etkiye sahiptir. Kronik olarak bağışıklık sistemi baskılanması nedeniyle genel popülasyona kıyasla böbrek nakli alıcılarında (KTR), Covid-19 ciddi komplikasyon riskini attırmaktadır. Covid-19’lu KTR’ler genel popülasyona benzer şekilde hafif, orta ve şiddetli olarak klinik belirtiler göstermektedir. Fakat daha ağır seyrinin olabileceği de literatürde mevcuttur. Covid-19’lu KTR’lerde immünsüpresif (IS) ilaçların kullanımının azaltılmasının yarar sağladığı görülmüştür. Antiviral kullanım etkisi ise kişiden kişiye değişiklik göstermektedir. Literatür verilerine göre Covid-19’lu KTR’lerde lenfopeni görülürken IL-6 seviyesinde önemli ölçüde yükselme kaydedilmiştir. Aşı ve deney hayvanları çalışması ise literatürde mevcut değildir.
A data-driven predictive maintenance strategy based on accurate failure prognostics
Authors: Chen Chuang , Wang Cunsong , Lu Ningyun , Jiang Bin , Xing Yin
Published: March 2021

Maintenance is fundamental to ensure the safety, reliability and availability of engineering
systems, and predictive maintenance is the leading one in maintenance technology. This
paper aims to develop a novel data-driven predictive maintenance strategy that can make appropriate maintenance decisions for repairable complex engineering systems. The proposed
strategy includes degradation feature selection and degradation prognostic modeling modules to achieve accurate failure prognostics. For maintenance decision-making, the perfect
time for taking maintenance activities is determined by evaluating the maintenance cost online that has taken into account of the failure prognostic results of performance degradation.
The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed strategy is confirmed using the NASA data
set of aero-engines. Results show that the proposed strategy outperforms the two benchmark
maintenance strategies: classical periodic maintenance and emerging dynamic predictive
maintenance.
Information Sharing and Decision-Making: Attempts by Ghanaian Return Migrants to Enter through Libya
Authors: Koomson-Yalley Elizabeth
Published: March 2021

This article examines the relationship between irregular migration, access to information and migration decisions. Using semi-structured interviews of thirty irregular return migrants who failed to reach their European destinations through Libya, I show that irregular return migrants from Ghana rely predominantly on interpersonal sources, including colleagues, neighbors, friends and relatives, for information on migration. Return migrants seek information from those who have relevant experience with that kind of migration. Existing research focuses on information from ‘formal’ sources such as traditional print media, social media, library or workshops. Here I argue that this focus on access to information conceals the activities and practices of irregular return migrants who perceive European destinations as ‘greener pastures’ and seek information to travel through dangerous routes. Most irregular return migrants interviewed in this study indicated they had access to information from ‘informal’ sources often shared as ‘jokes.’ Although irregular return migrants perceive the information they gather through their everyday activities as reliable, their interactions involve complex and unstructured social processes.
Highlights from European Society of Cardiology Congress: a focus on nutrition
Authors: Tsygankova D. P.
Published: March 2021

The relationship between nutrition and cardiovascular health has emerged over the past two decades. European Society of Cardiology has become a leading platform for discussion. This article encompasses the main findings of a multitude of studies presented at ESC. The assessment of population dietary patterns should include the data on the profile of food and nutrients as well as their lifestyle, socio-economic status, the quality of products, and macronutrients replacement. The study design aimed at assessing dietary patterns nutrition should be a prospective long-term study focusing on collecting the data on ethnic and socio-economic components as well as the data suggesting the adherence to a particular dietary pattern.
Mais categorias diagnósticas? Interlocuções entre saúde mental e educação
Authors: Carneiro Cristiana , Lopes Ana Flávia Pedrosa
Published: March 2021

ResumoO presente artigo problematiza a proliferação dos transtornos conduzida pelo Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico dos Transtornos Mentais. Introduz uma discussão sobre diagnóstico e medicalização, indicando um movimento crescente de compreensão dos problemas da vida como doença. Apresenta um levantamento sobre o aumento do quantitativo de categorias diagnósticas das edições do Manual Diagnóstico e Estatístico dos Transtornos Mentais, refletindo sobre seus possíveis impactos na educação. Por fim, apresenta alguns aspectos do cenário educativo atual, que podem estar se constituindo em reflexos dessa ampliação.
Palavras chaves: DSM. Educação. Medicalização. Psicanálise.
AbstractThis article discusses the disorders proliferation conducted by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). It introduces a discussion on diagnosis and medicalization, pointing a growing movement of understanding life's problems as a disease. It presents a survey on the increase in the amount of diagnostic categories of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) editions, reflecting on their possible impacts on education. Finally, it presents some aspects of the current educational scenario that may indicate an increase in the use of this manual, especially from its most recent editions.
Keywords: DSM. Education. Medicalization. Psychoanalysis.
Structural and Microbiological Analysis of Children’s Pacifiers Served in Public Health Service and Nursery
Authors: Coimbra de Paula Cristiane , Belém de Lima Barros Louize , Luiz Seki Jerry , Edith de Assis Rhayanne , Shimoya-Bittencourt Walkiria
Published: March 2021

AbstractDespite the advances and advantages of breastfeeding, the non-nutritive sucking habit, especially that represented by the use of pacifiers, is still common in Brazilian children. It is estimated that two thirds of children will receive bottles and pacifiers at some point in the first year of life. The frequency of use and the possibility of contamination by harmful microorganisms may lead to the development of opportunistic infections affecting the children’s health. The objective of the study was to conduct a microbiological and structural analysis of pacifiers for children treated in public services and daycare centers. A cross-sectional study was carried out with pacifiers for children aged 6 to 36 months. The collected pacifier was placed in a sterile individualized container and transferred to the laboratory for analysis. The children’s pacifiers who are cared for in public health services and day care centers are contaminated not only the dirty ones but also the visually clean ones. The potentially pathogenic microorganisms found were mainly fungi and bacteria, Candida, Streptococcus and Pseudomonas, respectively.

Keywords: Pacifiers. Microbiology. Child Health.

ResumoApesar dos avanços e vantagens da amamentação, o hábito de sucção não nutritiva, principalmente o representado pelo uso de chupetas, ainda é comum nas crianças Brasileiras. Estima-se que dois terços das crianças receberão mamadeiras e chupetas em algum momento no primeiro ano de vida. À frequência de uso e a possibilidade de contaminação por microrganismos nocivos podem levar ao desenvolvimento de infecções oportunistas prejudicando a saúde das crianças. O Objetivo do estudo doi fazer análise microbiológica e estrutural das chupetas de crianças atendidas em serviços públicos e creches. Foi realizado um estudo transversal, com chupetas de crianças na faixa etária entre 6 a 36 meses de idade. A chupeta recolhida foi acondicionada em recipiente individualizado estéril e transferida ao laboratório para analises. As chupetas das crianças que são atendidas em serviços de saúde pública e creches estão contaminadas tanto as sujas quanto as visualmente limpas. Os microrganismos potencialmente patogênicos encontrados foram principalmente fungos e bactérias, respectivamente Candida, Streptocuccus e Pseudomonas.

Palavras-chave: Chupetas. Microbiologia. Saúde da Criança.
Estimation of Effective Population Size of Korean Native Black Goat Using Genomic Information
Authors: Kim Kwan-Woo
Published: March 2021

The Korean native black goat (Capra hircus coreanae) is the only goat species to be officially registered in Korea under the Food and Agriculture Organization; however, no systematic research on their genetic diversity has been conducted. Decreased genetic diversity in Korean native black goat leads to an increase in the level of inbreeding across generations. In this study, the genetic parameters and effective population size of three strains of Korean native black goat—82 Dangjin, 87 Jangsu, and 118 Tongyeong individuals—were estimated using their genomic information. The average linkage disequilibrium (r2) between single nucleotide polymorphism markers in the genome was 0.16, 0.14, and 0.13 for the Dangjin, Jangsu, and Tongyeong strains, respectively. The largest linkage disequilibrium was observed in the 14th and 26th chromosomes (r2 = 0.18) of Dangjin individuals. Furthermore, an increase in physical distance between markers decreased the linkage disequilibrium. The effective population size of the three Korean native black goat strains showed a decreasing trend proportional to the decrease in generation. The effective population size was 47, 59 and 56 individuals for the Dangjin, Jangsu and Tongyeong strains, respectively, 13 generations ago. These values could be due to the high level of inbreeding for generating populations to preserve the Korean native black goat genetic resource. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
Distribution and Virulence Phenotypes of Soybean Cyst Nematode (Heterodera glycines) based upon Host Differentials in Jilin Province
Authors: Yan Xiujuan
Published: March 2021

Jilin is the dominant soybean production province in China. Soybean cyst nematode [Heterodera glycines] (SCN) is one of the most important yield-limiting factors in soybean production. Information about the distribution and virulence phenotypes of SCN in soybean fields are essential for optimizing varieties choice in the region. The distribution and virulence phenotypes of SCN in 141 soil samples from 38 cites (cities, counties and towns) across Jilin province were investigated. One hundred and four (73.76%) of the samples from all 38 cities (counties, towns) tested positive for SCN and SCN population densities were more than 5 cysts/100 mL soil in 53 samples from 27 cities (counties, towns). In those 53 samples, we identified 7 races and 12 Heterodera glycines (HG) types, with Race 3 and HG Type 7 being the most dominant genotypes. Of all the genotypes identified, Race10 and HG Type 1.7 were found for the first time in China, and HG Type 3.4.5.7 was the first reported worldwide. Thirty-eight SCN populations (34.5%) were virulent on plant introduction (PI) 548316 (#7) and 15 of them had female indices (FI) ≥ 10% on Pickett. PI 548316 and Pickett were not recommended as parents of breeding against cyst nematode in Jilin province. Peking-type resistance sources were preferred to pi88788-type in Jilin province. In addition, it was found neither the race nor HG scheme is sufficient for differentiating SCN populations in Jilin province, nor the combination of the two methods is recommended for studying the genetic diversity of SCN in Jilin province. That is, Pickett which was removed in HG scheme should be included not as an indicator line but just to separate different races from the same HG type. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers
As formas pronominais EU/TU – valor genérico e distanciação
Authors: Margarida Duarte Isabel , Aldina Marques Maria
Published: March 2021

Os modos de presença do locutor no discurso convocam estratégias variadas de discursivização de que decorre uma instabilidade enunciativa fundamental. Analisando um corpus de interações orais, estudaremos os valores generalizantes de “eu” e “tu”, em coocorrência com “nós”, “a gente”, “a pessoa”, “uma pessoa”, “o pessoal”, “as pessoas”, sublinhando a tensão enunciativa que resulta da conjunção da ocorrência da deixis pessoal, ancorada na permanência discursiva de um centro deíctico explícito, com uma perspetiva de distanciação do locutor relativamente ao seu dizer, no uso de enunciados generalizantes. O continuum entre valores deícticos dos pronomes e valores generalizantes permite um jogo entre inscrição e desinscrição enunciativa, útil para a apresentação de argumentos, mais ou menos assumidos pelo locutor, de acordo com o seu programa.
Aproximación ás variacións de xénero, número e función dos pronomes persoais en galego e romanés
Authors: Sobral Vázquez Sonia
Published: March 2021

Os estudos de gramática contrastiva co galego e o romanés como obxecto de investigación aínda non teñen unha tradición no campo da filoloxía. Nestas coordenadas de escaseza realizamos o presente artigo, que afonda nas diverxencias de xénero, número e función entre o sistema pronominal galego e o romanés na obra Os outros feirantes / Alţi tîrgoveţi de Álvaro Cunqueiro.
Caracterización das fórmulas dialogadas na Idade Contemporánea
Authors: Camoira Vega César
Published: March 2021

Tras unhas consideracións xerais en torno aos diálogos, aparecidos en Galicia durante o Prerrexurdimento, este artigo describe as principais características e o contido dalgúns textos.
ANTI-BACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF Trigonella foenum-graecum AGAINST SKIN PATHOGENS
Authors:   INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, Putra Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, Subramaniam Geetha , Cootee Rayshen Renganaden Poolee ,   INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, Putra Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, Han Cheah Cheng ,   INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, Putra Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, Sivasamugham Lalita Ambigai ,   INTI International University, Persiaran Perdana BBN, Putra Nilai, 71800 Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
Published: March 2021

The increase in antibiotic resistance globally necessitates the search for alternative therapeutic agents. Among the common antibiotic-resistant bacteria, MRSA and MRSE cause a wide range of infections with limited treatment options. Trigonella foenum-graecum has been widely used particularly in Asian countries in food and as a supplement. In this study, the anti-bacterial activity of T. foenum-graecum essential oil, boiled aqueous and ethanolic extracts was determined against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Propionibacterium acnes, MRSA, and MRSE by using the agar well diffusion assay. For determination of the zone of inhibition, Clindamycin (2 µg/disc) was used as a comparison for the anti-bacterial susceptibility results. The maximum zone of inhibition was observed with the boiled aqueous extracts of T. foenum-graecum against MRSA (20 mm), while the essential oil and ethanolic extracts of T. foenum-graecum did not show any zones of inhibition against all the tested staphylococcal and P. acnes isolates. Qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids and terpenoids in all three extracts tested, among these boiled aqueous extract contained the highest number of phytochemicals which could account for the higher anti-bacterial activity exhibited by the boiled aqueous extracts. Hence, the T. foenum-graecum seeds show a potential application as an anti-bacterial agent against skin pathogens, particularly in the formulation of a skincare product.
IMPACT OF MUSIC AS MOTIVATION TO PERFORM EXERCISES AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS – A SURVEY
Authors:   Physiotherapy Programme, INTI International University, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia, Ying Lai Yi , Subramaniam Ambusam ,   Physiotherapy Programme, INTI International University, Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
Published: March 2021

The current study aimed to examine the association between music and motivation to do exercise among university students in Nilai, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. The demographics data, use of music during exercise, preferred type of music, and criteria to select music were assessed by a validated self-administered questionnaire. The motivation towards exercises was evaluated using the Behavioural Regulations in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ-3) while the level of physical activity was assessed by Godin-Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (LTEQ). The demographics information, use of music during exercise, preferred type of music, and criteria to choose music were tabulated using descriptive statistics. A point-biserial correlation was used to analyze the relationship between music and motivation to do exercise while chi-square was utilized to determine the association between the use of music during exercise and physical activity level. The results of the current study showed that 80.3% of the participants listen to music during exercise. Energetic and rhythmic was the preferred type of music for exercise. Tempo/ speed/ bpm was the most popular factor to be considered during the exercise. Most of the participants prefer to listen to an individual music player during exercise rather than an open audio system.. Listening to music during exercise shown significant correlation with a motivation (p=0.006), external regulation (p=0.014), identified regulation (p=0.006), integrated regulation (p=0.002) and intrinsic regulation (p=0.015). There was a significant association between the use of music during exercise and physical activity level (p=0.003) in this study. Future research that involves the type of exercise performed with the music is encouraged to explore the significance of music as a motivational tool in exercise.
NUTRACEUTICALS AND FUNCTIONAL FOODS, A STRATEGY TO EMPOWER WOMEN’S HEALTH
Authors:   RASS Academy College of Nursing, Sivagangai, Tamilnadu, Arunprabhu Neevitha
Published: March 2021

While healthy, balanced, and natural food meets the nutritional requirements of any healthy person, there are people, particularly women who need to be provided with supplements. Pregnant and lactating women, those with pre and post-menopause issues, and women with special dietary needs like sportswomen, models, etc., fall in this category. There is also a major issue of malnutrition endemic among a vast section of the society which, on account of the prevalent social mores and practices, impacts women more profoundly than the menfolk. On account of various sociological and economic factors, the special nutritional needs of women cannot be properly addressed through the normal consumption habits and nutraceuticals come as an effective solution to address this issue. Though not acknowledged to the extent it deserves, the nutraceuticals do play a decisive role in combating many life-threatening diseases like Cardio Vascular Diseases, Obesity, Hypertension, Arthritis, etc., both as an effective prophylactic as well as a curative aid to the mainline treatment. Known benefits of a carefully calibrated regimen of nutraceuticals are general performance enhancement, stress relief, increase in memory, immunity boosting, etc., Considering that women shoulder more than their share of family responsibility, women stand to be the main beneficiaries of such a health regimen, and in this sense, the nutraceuticals contribute to a considerable extent to the empowerment of women.
CHALLENGES OF PHYSIOTHERAPIST DURING PROSTHESIS REHABILITATION IN MALAYSIA
Authors:   Faculty of Health and Life Science, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia, Chi Chong Li , Ramalingam Vinodhkumar ,   Faculty of Health and Life Science, INTI International University, Nilai, Malaysia
Published: March 2021

The present study reported the challenges faced by the physiotherapist during prosthesis rehabilitation in Malaysia. Mortality due to lower limb amputation is a concern in recent days that can be improved by providing proper rehabilitation. However, challenges faced by the physiotherapist during rehabilitation are expected to affect the effectiveness of the rehabilitation. Hence, it is important to identify the possible challenges faced by the physiotherapist during prosthesis rehabilitation to take the necessary precautions for better outcomes. A total of 200 Malaysian physiotherapists who have experience in rehabilitating amputees were selected to participate in this online survey. The participants were requested to complete a self-administered electronic questionnaire containing 20 questions. The present study reported a few challenges faced by the physiotherapists in Malaysia during prosthesis rehabilitation such as “encountering patient that refuse to perform exercises is common” (77%), encountered high physical demand (81.5%), encountering language barriers (48.5%), patients often encounter difficulty in assessing health service (63.5%) and encountering prosthesis problems (67%). The barriers were inconsistent and complex, including patient factors, healthcare provider’s factors, environmental factors, other factors. The study has highlighted challenges faced by the physiotherapists during prosthesis rehabilitation to raise awareness among physiotherapists and at the same time create ideas for specific health care practitioners to overcome the barriers, therefore shortening the length of rehabilitation and enhancing the effectiveness of the rehabilitation to lower the mortality.
Ergenlerin Sosyal Medya Bağımlılık Düzeylerinin Bazı Sosyo Demografik Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi
Authors: DOĞRUSEVER Caner
Published: March 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı ergenlerin sosyal medya bağımlılık düzeylerini bazı sosyo-demografik değişkenler açısından incelemektir. Bu araştırma ilişkisel tarama modelli betimsel bir çalışma niteliğindedir. Araştırmanın örneklemi 386 ergen öğrenciden oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada veri toplamak amacıyla kişisel bilgi formu ve sosyal medya bağımlılığı ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizi için t testi ve tek yönlü Anova testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulgularına göre; ergenlerin sosyal medya bağımlılık düzeylerinin sosyal medyayı kullanım sürelerine, sahip oldukları sosyal medya hesabı sayısına ve sosyal medya kullanım amaçlarına göre farklılaştığı tespit edilmiştir. Ergenlerin cinsiyeti, akademik başarı düzeyi, okul türü ve devam ettikleri sınıf düzeyi, sosyal medya bağımlılık düzeylerine göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılıklar göstermemiştir. Ayrıca araştırmaya katılan ergenlerin %20’sinin sosyal medya bağımlısı olduğu görülmüştür. Elde edilen bu bulgular ışığında çalışmanın doğurguları tartışılmış bazı önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Ruhsal Liderliğin İş Tatmini Üzerindeki Etkisini Farklı Kuşaklar Üzerinden İnceleme
Authors: DEMİRDAĞ Alper , GÜNDÜZ Şafak
Published: March 2021

Bu araştırmanın amacı ruhsal liderliğin iş tatmini üzerindeki etkisini farklı kuşaklar bazında incelemektir. Ruhsal Liderlik Ölçeği ve İş Tatmininin sosyodemografik bilgilere göre farklılık gösterip göstermediğinin sınandığı bu araştırma, nicel verilere dayalı tarama modellerden ilişkisel tarama modelinde tasarlanmıştır. Ölçüm aracı olarak, Fry’ın 40 maddelik Ruhsal Liderlik Ölçeği ile 18 maddelik Minnesota İş Tatmini Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Toplanan verilerin analiziyle elde edilen bulgulara göre, ruhsal liderlik arttıkça iş tatmini de artmaktadır. Y kuşağının ruhsal liderlik algısı toplam 9 boyutun 5’inde X kuşağına göre daha yüksektir. İş tatmini algısı puanları değerlendirildiğinde Y kuşağının iş tatmini algısının sadece içsel tatmin boyutunda X kuşağından daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir. Ruhsal liderliğin iş tatmini üzerindeki etkisini farklı kuşaklar üzerinden incelemesine atıfta bulunan bu çalışma, X ve Y kuşaklarının ruhsal liderlik ve iş tatmini algıları arasında kısmi farklılık olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Ruhsal liderliğin iş tatminini pozitif yönde etkilediği literatürü destekler biçimde bir kez daha görülmüştür.
Muhasebe Meslek Mensuplarının Yeni Dünya ile İmtihanı
Authors: BEDER Nur
Published: March 2021

Dünyada beklenmedik bir anda ortaya çıkan COVID-19 pandemisi, tüm dengelerin değişmesine ve bireylerin alışık olmadıkları çalışma koşullarına uyum göstermek zorunda kalmalarına sebep olmuştur. Bu ani değişim süreci, bir tarafta bir bilinmeyen ile mücadele etmeyi ve diğer tarafta iş hayatına ilişkin alışkanlıkların bir anda farklılaşmasını beraberinde getirmiş; bazı bireylerin/sektörlerin/mesleklerin bu değişime ayak uydurmaları kolay olurken, bazılarının cevabı ise direnç şeklinde gerçekleşmiştir. Muhasebe meslek mensuplarının, işin ve mesleğin genel ve temel yapısı nedeniyle, bu süreçte daha fazla sorun yaşayabildikleri ve mesleğin, dijitalleşme eğiliminde olan dünya ile uyumlaşma konusunda geri kaldığı görülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, mesleğin ve meslek mensubu bireylerin değişim karşısında kişisel özellikler ve mesleki nitelikler çerçevesinde bir analizi yapılmakta, bu değişim sürecinde yaşanan sorunlara yönelik başta koçluk sistemi olmak üzere çözüm önerileri geliştirilmekte ve durumun genel bir tahlili yapılmaya çalışılmaktadır.
Indicators for Sustainable Redevelopment of Cultural Landscapes — Huangpu Veterans Quarter in Taiwan
Authors:   Chaoyang University of Technology 168, Jifeng E. Rd., Wufeng District, Taichung, Taiwan, Hsu Kuo-Wei , Chao ai-Chia , Xie Jhong-Ping
Published: March 2021

Overdeveloped land, misused resources, limited and fast development landscape in urban Taiwan, are problems and challenges government continuously facing and avoiding; Re-utilizing underdeveloped and limited landscape in Taiwan is an important subject. Taiwan Kaohsiung obtains and preserves the largest Military Dependents’ Village (MDV) landscape in Taiwan; an important, unique, and valuable historic cultural landscape affiliate historical, military and ethnic group living culture village. This study reviewed sustainable development and village preserve literature, and propose re-development structural framework of MDV through two-stage experts’ questionnaire survey. The first stage utilized the Fuzzy Delphi Method, which focuses on impact factors, and the second, the AHP Method, deals with performance factors. The results indicate that the key impacts on the cultural landscape sustainability redevelopment strategies for Huangpu MDV were its cultural value, historic site, and maintenance management.
Effect of aromatase inhibitor, letrozole on semen parameters in eugonadotropic hypoandrogenic men with oligozoospermia
Authors: S. Afrin , S. Ishrat , J. Banu , I. Jahan , S. A. Ansary , K. Nasreen
Published: March 2021

Background: Some men with severely defective sperm production commonly have excess aromatase activity, reflected by low serum testosterone and relatively elevated estradiol levels. Elevated levels of estrogen lead to feedback inhibition of the hypothalamic -pituitary-gonadal axis, and the end result is a decrease in LH necessary for the production of testosterone, and FSH to optimize sperm production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of aromatase inhibitor, letrozole on the semen parameters of infertile male having oligozoospermia, low serum testosterone level and testosterone to estradiol ratio <10.Methods: This Prospective study was conducted in the Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from May 2019 to April 2020. The sample size was 30 subfertile men with oligozoospermia (≤ 10 million/ml), low serum testosterone level (<300 ng/dl) and low testosterone to estradiol ratio (<10). All patients were treated with letrozole 2.5 mg daily for 4 months. At the end of the 4 months the semen analysis was performed. Statistical analysis was carried out by using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 25 for windows (SPSS version 25.0).Results: The sperm concentration, sperm motility and total motile sperm count significantly increased after letrozole treatment. The side effects were mild and well tolerated.Conclusions: This study suggests that some men with oligozoospermia, low serum testosterone levels and normal gonadotropin concentration may have a treatable endocrinopathy. Letrozole may be used to improve sperm parameters in infertile men with low serum testosterone to estradiol ratio.
Comparison of vitamin D (25OHD) status between fertile and infertile men
Authors: Nasreen Khaleda , Ishrat Shakeela , Banu Jesmine , Fatima Parveen , Ansary Selina Afroz , Jahan Israt , Afrin Shajia , Karim M. Rezaul , Islam M. Kamrul
Published: March 2021

Background: Vitamin D (25OHD) deficiency has become a modern-day epidemic, being the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide. Many infertile men are experiencing low total sperm count or different semen abnormalities. The aim of this study was to compare serum vitamin D (25OHD) status among fertile and infertile men.Methods: This was an observational (cross sectional comparative) study and was conducted in the Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period from April 2019 to March 2020. The sample size was 112 men where 56 participants were in fertile men group and 56 participants were infertile men group. Statistical analyses were carried out by using Windows based Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS, version 23.0).Results: The predictability of vitamin D insufficiency was significant. Holding the effects of vitamin D deficiency constant, males with vitamin D insufficiency were 3.28 times more likely to be infertile than males with vitamin D sufficiency. Subgroup analysis of infertile men was done regarding semen parameters in different vitamin D status categories. There was statistically significant difference in semen volume and sperm concentration between infertile men of different vitamin D status but no significant difference in case of motility and morphology.Conclusions: There was no significant different of serum vitamin D (25OHD) between fertile and infertile men. Men with vitamin D insufficiency (≥20 ng/ml to <30 ng/ml) are more likely to be infertile than men with vitamin D sufficiency.
Exploring enablers of sexually transmitted infections among illegal gold miners in the midlands region of Zimbabwe
Authors: Mattew Nyanshanu , Rumbidzai Chireshe , Dung Jidong , Wendy Nyashanu , Stephen Ekpenyong Mandu
Published: March 2021

Background: Sub-Saharan Africa faces by far the highest rate of HIV and other Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs). Illegal mineworkers are considered at risk for HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Men are generally not receptive to health promotion messages.Methods: This study explored the enablers of sexually transmitted infections. The study utilized a qualitative approach. A total of 40 participants were recruited. Semi structured interviews were used to collect data. A thematic approach was used to analyze the data. Zimbabwe, like any other country in the sub-Saharan region of Africa, has been affected by the epidemic of HIV/AIDS and other STIs, because of poor sexual health education.Results: The study found that the enablers of STIs included poor sexual health knowledge, substance misuse, prolonged stay from family, stigma, lack of entertainment, cultural status, and poor sexual health services.Conclusions: STIs among illegal gold miners is a public health concern that needs urgent attention in many developing countries.
Incidence of anemia in pregnancy and its maternal-fetal outcome in admitted ANC patients in tertiary care center, Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India
Authors: Kanwar Geetanjali , Prasad Shweta Rani , Ratnani Rekha
Published: March 2021

Background: Anemia in pregnancy is an important public health problem in developing countries like India. Anemia results in poor pregnancy outcome and also affects fetal outcome. The present study was conducted to asses maternal and fetal outcome in relation anemia. Aim and objectives of the study was to determine incidence, risk factors and maternal-fetal outcome of anemia in the admitted pregnant women attending obstetrics and gyanecology department, shanakarcharya institute of medical sciences, Bhilai.Methods: This is retrospective observational study conducted among pregnant women admitted in labor room over a period of one year after getting approval from the institutional ethical committee.Results: Out of total 1503 delivery during study period 675 patients were found to be anaemic which gives incidence of 44.5%. Most the pregnant women were moderately anaemic i.e. 50.96% followed by mild (45.04%) and severe (4%) repectively. Among the pregnant women most common type of anaemia is Iron deficiency anaemia (69.65%) followed by Sickle cell anaemia (15.4%). In the present study,90.4% of subject received oral iron, 26.9% received parenteral iron and 19.4% received blood transfusion. Common maternal outcome related to anemia found to be low birth weight (25.2%) followed by premature delivery (22.96%) and fetal outcome in anemic mother in the form of preterm (22.9%) followed by NICU admission (14.37%) and FGR (8.6%).Conclusions: Anemia being one of the most important cause of poor feto maternal outcome should be treated preconceptionaly. There is a need of health education programmes and adequate intake of iron rich diet during pregnancy, to be strengthened for safe maternal and foetal outcomes.
Microalbuminuria and spot protein creatinine ratio in early pregnancy as a predictor of preeclampsia
Authors: B. M. Rupakala , Sudha Gajjala Sai , M. P. A. Sai Lakshmi
Published: March 2021

Background: Hypertensive disorders complicate 5-10% of all the pregnancies and preeclampsia is identified in 3.9%.Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific syndrome characterized by the development of hypertension and proteinuria in the second trimester of the pregnancy. Microalbuminuria and elevated spot protein creatinine ratio are commonly found in preeclampsia. The aim of this study was to determine microalbuminuria and spot creatinine ratio in early pregnancy as predictors of pre-eclampsia.Methods: The study was conducted among 102 pregnant women by detecting the levels of albuminuria and spot protein creatinine ratio at 10-14 weeks period of gestation. Random urine sample of about 5 ml was taken to analyse the samples for microalbuminuria and spot protein creatinine ratio. All the women included in the study were followed up till delivery to rule out the possibility of developing preeclampsia depending on their microalbumin and spot protein creatinine ratio values.Results: Pregnant women who developed preeclampsia or eclampsia had significantly higher levels of microalbumin and spot protein creatinine ratio.Conclusions: A detailed study among a larger group of population is required to determine that microalbuminuria and spot protein creatinine ratio in early pregnancy are definitive predictors of preeclampsia.