bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
APPLICATION OF QUALITY BY DESIGN APPROACH FOR THE OPTIMIZATION OF ORODISPERSIBLE FILM FORMULATION
Authors: Gupta Ashutosh , Kumar Jatin , Verma Surajpal , Singh Harmanpreet
Published: August 2018

Objective: The present study was done to understand the effect of formulation variables on the quality of orodispersible films using quality by design (QbD) approach as mentioned in ICH Q8 (R2) guideline.Methods: A definitive screening design of experiments (DoE) was used to identify and classify the critical formulation variables affecting critical quality attributes (CQA) using 2×2 factorial design. Based on prescreening study, the critical formulation variables, i.e. concentration of film-forming polymer and plasticizers (propylene glycol and polyethylene glycol 400 [PEG 400]) were kept in the range of 1.5–2.5% w/w and 0.5–1% v/v, respectively. A total of eight laboratory-scale formulations were prepared which were provided by DoE using solvent casting method. These batches were evaluated for CQA’s, i.e. mechanical properties such as folding endurance (FD) and disintegration time (DT). Data were analyzed for elucidating interactions between two variables and for providing a predictive model for the process. Finally, the drug was incorporated into optimized batches, and these were evaluated for in vitro dissolution study in simulated saliva (pH 6.8) as well as their mechanical properties.Results: The results suggested that the concentration of film-forming polymer and plasticizer was critical to manufacture orodispersible film with desired CQA, i.e. mechanical property (FD [>150 folds]) and DT (<60 s). The percent drug release, FD, and DT of optimized Formulation I (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose [HPMC] E5 (2%) and propylene glycol [0.15 mL]) were found to be 82.13%±0.260 (in 15 min), 164±2, and 49±1.5 s, respectively, and for optimized Formulation II (HPMC E5 [2%] and PEG 400 [0.15 mL]) was found to be 64.26%±2.026 (in 15 min) and 218±6 and 55±4 s, respectively.Conclusion: From the results, it has been found that the percentage drug release of naratriptan hydrochloride containing propylene glycol as a plasticizer was greater than the formulation containing PEG 400 as plasticizer. From this, we concluded that QbD is very much useful approach to get an optimized formulation in an economic and faster way in comparison to traditional method (hit and trail methods). The futuristic application of the film will involve the management of an acute migraine.
STRUCTURAL COMPARISON OF PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC FOLATE TRANSPORTERS BY COMPUTATIONAL APPROACH
Authors: Agarwal Deepa , Jha Alok
Published: August 2018

Objective: In silico approach has particularly drawn attention in providing a realistic representation needed to understand the fundamental molecular structure of a transporter. The importance of folate metabolism and role in the internalization of antifolates in eukaryotes have been studied extensively, but the structural study of folate transporters in Homo sapiens (HFT), Plasmodium falciparum (PFT), and Streptococcus sp. (SFT) is still lacking. This study was conducted to study and compare the structures of prokaryotic and eukaryotic folate transporters. Methods: HFT, PFT, and SFT were queried using blast and sequences were retrieved using National Center for Biotechnology and Information (NCBI) databases. This was superseded by structural and functional prediction of transporters. The structure has been generated using Swiss model which was visualized using PyMol and validated by Procheck and ERRAT analysis along with the values of different secondary structures mapping to diverse sections of the Ramachandran plot. The structural and functional comparison was performed by PROSO, ProFunc, TM Score, Porewalker, TMHMM, and Protscale. Result: All the parameters for structural comparison suggest that H. sapiens folate transporter is 16.67% and 17.72% identical to Plasmodium and Streptococcus whereas Plasmodium is 21.59% identical to Streptococcus. The evaluation of transmembrane helices and hydrophobicity resulted in the presence of 1, 4, and 12 membrane-spanning segments with predicted US, UDUD, and UDS as pore shape in Plasmodium, Streptococcus, and humans. Conclusion: Such folate receptors are the main targets for the specific conveyance of antifolates. The differences found between these species may offer possibilities for the development of new drugs in future.
CORRELATION OF BODY MASS INDEX WITH THYROID-STIMULATING HORMONES IN THYROID PATIENT
Authors: Sharma Anupam , Devi Savita , Singh Kamaldeep , Prabhakar Pranav Kumar
Published: August 2018

Objective: The present study was investigated to determine the correlation of body mass index (BMI) with thyroid-stimulating hormones (TSH) in thyroid patient.Methods: The data which are used in this study were taken in Tagore Hospital and Heart Care Centre (Jalandhar). A total of 90 volunteers both males and females in the age group between 17 and 85 years were included in this study. The following information taken on pro forma such as age in years, height (cm), weight (kg), and history (including: Chief complaints, family thyroid history, blood pressure, temperature, and head and neck examination) from the subjects were collected. Serum T3, T4 and TSH test are performed by the use of instrument ADVIA Centaur@CP Immunoassay System (SIEMENS). The total data were divided into three groups named as: Subclinical hypothyroid (SH) (n=30), euthyroid (n=57), and hyperthyroid including only three patients, and according to age, weight (kg), height (m2), and BMI, the mean±standard deviation (S.D) values were calculated. The BMI is calculated with the formula given by the WHO.Results: For correlation analysis, according to total male and female population in euthyroid group, the mean and SD values of TSH and BMI were calculated. Maximum values of T3 (4.7) and T4 (22.1) in hyperthyroid and TSH (9.9) in SH group were found. The high mean values of T3 (2.92) and T4 (18.46) in hyperthyroid and TSH (29.1) in SH group were observed. Low mean values of T3 (0.97) and T4 (7.7) in SH and low mean TSH (0.04) in hypothyroid group were noticed.Conclusion: Based on the data analysis, it can interpreted that a poor positive correlation between TSH and BMI and poor negative correlation between TSH and BMI are associated in euthyroid subjects. It indicates that, when TSH increases, the BMI will also be increased in total and female euthyroid subjects.
INDUCTION OF CASPASE-3 DEPENDENT APOPTOSIS, CELL CYCLE ARREST AND CYTOTOXICITY IN BREAST CANCER CELLS BY ABRUS PRECATORIUS
Authors: Sofi Mohammed Shafi , Nabi Shabnum
Published: August 2018

Objective: To evaluate the leaf extract of Abrus precatorius as a potential therapy for breast cancer treatment.Methods: Aqueous leaf extracts of A. precatorius was prepared by the process of maceration. The collected filtrate was further partitioned successively into five solvent fractions starting from water, hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and butanol by solvent fractionation method using separating funnel. Finally, all the five fractions were subjected to cytotoxic activity assay. The molecular mechanism underlying cytotoxicity was determined by using various approaches viz., 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis, Western blot analysis, casp-glow assay and Semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis.Results: Among five fractions only ethyl acetate fraction of A. precatorius (EAF-AP) showed significant cytotoxic activity on MDA-MB-231 cells, with an IC50 value of 47.3 µg/ml. Apoptosis was confirmed by the appearance of Sub G0/G1 (apoptotic) peak by FACS analysis. Western blotting results clearly indicated cleavage of Caspase-3 and PARP. Casp-glow assay confirmed activation of caspase-3, an important mediator of apoptosis. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed an up-regulation of pro-apoptotic genes (p21, p53 and Bax) and down-regulation of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 gene, which is an important hallmark of an apoptosis.Conclusion: All these results indicate that EAF-AP, induced apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 cells, making A. precatorius a potentially good candidate for anticancer drug development.
CURCUMIN ATTENUATES LEAD (Pb)–INDUCED NEUROBEHAVIORL AND NEUROBIOCHEMICAL DYSFUNCTION: A REVIEW
Authors: Abu-taweel Gasem Mohammad
Published: August 2018

Lead is one of the common chemical elements that is assigned the symbol Pb which came from the Latin Plumbum. Pb is widely used in the field of coating, refine and glaze ceramics and pottery. It is still used in the production of products like water pipes, cooking utensils and cooking utensils. In addition it is also used in insulation of building ceilings, cable coverage and military industries. Lead enter the environment from those uses and from the environment it enter into the living organisms. Lead accumulates in many humanorgans, but the brain is the target organ of lead accumulation. Neurotoxicity of lead is, one of lead toxicity, caused many symptoms. There are many behavioral and biochemical modifications induced by lead toxicity like learning and memory deficits, anxiety disorders, social and sexual behavior modifications and neurotransmitter system deficits. Curcumin is a bioactive natural phytochemical phenolic compound (diferuloylmethane) extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa. Most studies indicated the role of curcumin in reducing the damage of lead toxicity. In the current review, emphasis was based on the toxicity of lead and its effect on behavior and some neurotransmitters related to behavior. The effect of curcumin is improving the neurotoxicity and behavioral toxicity of lead.
La matrícula escolar de la UASLP: modificaciones en la composición por sexo
Authors: Huerta Mata Rosa María
Published: August 2018

En el año 2015, la Red Nacional de Equidad de Género en las Instituciones de Educación Superior acuerda establecer la transversalización e institucionalización de género, contexto pertinente para que el objetivo del presente artículo sea analizar la composición de la matrícula escolar del nivel licenciatura en la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí por sexo. Para ello se realizó un análisis estadístico de tipo descriptivo y con perspectiva de género, utilizando los datos obtenidos en los anuarios institucionales de los periodos escolares 2004-2005 a 2013-2014. Los resultados revelan que, en la composición de la matrícula, el número de mujeres se ha incrementado de manera sostenida. Asimismo, se observa que la brecha de género es más marcada en las escuelas y facultades de la capital de San Luis Potosí, en las cuales existe mayor presencia femenina que en el resto de los campus universitarios. La proporción de mujeres en carreras del área de ciencias exactas y tecnología es superior a la de hombres en carreras de las áreas socioadministrativas. La integración de mujeres a carreras híbridas es equitativa o superior a la de hombres.
PENGARUH EFEKTIFITAS KOMITE AUDIT TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS
Authors: Rahmawati Evi , Herlambang Prasetya
Published: August 2018

This study examines the effect of the size of the audit committee, the independence of the  audit committee, frequency of meetings; financial literacy; liquidity; leverage and profitability towards company’s financial distress. This study uses manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), Malaysia Stock Exchange (KLSE) and Singapore Stock Exchange (SGX) period 2014-2015. The number of manufacturing companies that is used in this study comprises of 124 Indonesian companies; 138 Malaysian companies and 98 Singapore companies. This study also analyzes the effect of company’s financial distress towards the possibility of fraud. The results of this study shows that there is a significant positive effect of leverage towards financial distress in Indonesia and in Singapore. There are differences in factors affecting financial distress in Indonesia and Malaysia. There are differences in factors affecting financial distress in Indonesia with Singapore. As for the size of the audit committee, the independence of audit committees, frequency of meetings, financial knowledge, liquidity, and profitability do not affect significantly towards company’s financial distress.
A existência humana como resposta: a antropologia cristã à luz da compreensão bíblica do ser humano
Authors: Brustolin Leomar Antônio , Bedin Fontana Leandro Luis
Published: August 2018

O presente artigo indaga pelo sentido antropológico do ser humano no contexto bíblico da criação e da existência humana. A hipótese é que a recuperação de algumas afirmações-chave acerca do ser humano presentes na Sagrada Escritura poderia lançar luz sobre algumas ambiguidades e dualismos existentes em muitas abordagens antropológicas contemporâneas. Uma análise detalhada do conceito hebraico de nefeš revisará a noção ocidental de alma bem como sua sobrevalorização em detrimento da corporeidade. De outro lado, a descoberta da vocação fundamental e pessoal do ser humano à vida e de sua relação estrutural com Deus e seus semelhantes põe em xeque uma atitude imanentista reducionista, que nada vê além dos limites da subjetividade moderna. O estudo demonstra que a diferença radical do pensamento bíblico-semita em relação ao nosso tempo possui, de fato, um potencial crítico benéfi co a qualquer antropologia cristã e mesmo secular.
De mãe de Jesus à Senhora do Céu: a evolução da devoção à Virgem Maria na igreja cristã medieval
Authors: Portella Rodrigo
Published: August 2018

A Igreja Católica celebrou, em 2017, no Brasil e em Portugal, o chamado Ano Mariano, em referência aos 300 anos de descoberta da imagem de Aparecida e dos 100 anos das manifestações marianas em Fátima. Embora sejam bastante presentes entre nós – particularmente aos católicos – aspectos dessas duas devoções modernas, ainda são incipientes, no Brasil, análises sobre a devoção mariana no período medieval. No âmbito do Ano Mariano, o presente artigo pretende oferecer uma visão histórica sobre o desenvolvimento da devoção e iconologia mariana durante a Idade Média. Portanto o artigo analisa as representações e imaginários de Maria a partir de contextos sociais e eclesiásticos de cada época do período medieval, destacando como Maria passa de figura imperial e ligada ao poder civil e eclesiástico a formas figurativas e devocionais mais ligadas, especificamente, à vida e às preocupações diárias do povo.
Mito e acontecimento: as relações entre mitologia e história nas teorias de Eliade e Girard
Authors: Dorneles Vanderlei
Published: August 2018

Este artigo parte do pressuposto da retomada dos mitos como textos da cultura a partir da segunda metade do século 20 para analisar as teorias dos fi lósofos Eliade e Girard em relação à ideia de acontecimento e tempo histórico conforme implicados nas narrativas míticas. O objetivo é compreender o conceito de acontecimento histórico que os autores têm em mente ao tratar com os eventos por trás dos textos mitológicos. O estudo é feito a partir de uma análise comparativa entre as ideias mais centrais dos autores em relação a mito e história. A análise permite propor um paralelo mínimo entre o “tempo primordial” de Eliade, como o momento original dos eventos míticos, e os “fatos históricos” de perseguição fundantes dos mitos segundo a visão de Girard.
A pesquisa e a epistemologia em Ensino Religioso evidenciadas em eventos e no grupo de pesquisa da Faculdades EST
Authors: Brandenburg Laude Erandi
Published: August 2018

O artigo se propõe a apresentar a trajetória de pesquisa na área do Ensino Religioso na Faculdades EST e a analisar os eventos de Ensino Religioso realizados nesse âmbito no que tange a conceitos e a conteúdos de pesquisa. Nessa perspectiva, analisa conceitos, características e contextualização da pesquisa em termos gerais no Brasil e especificidades concernentes ao Ensino Religioso no âmbito dessa instituição de ensino superior (IES). Contextualiza a pesquisa na escola e na academia e propõe uma interlocução entre esses dois loci de pesquisa. A metodologia está baseada no levantamento de temas dos eventos realizados e das temáticas das produções resultantes diante do desafi o lançado pelos temas dos simpósios elencados. Retrata também a relação que essas produções têm com o processo de formação docente como uma culminância das responsabilidades das IES com o ensino, a pesquisa e a extensão.
Biochemical composition and quality dining sorts of potatoes grown in the light-brown soils Astrakhan region drip irrigation
Authors: Tumanyan A F , Tutuma N V , Shcherbakova N A
Published: August 2018

Potatoes - one of the most important human food. It has high taste and nutritional properties. The optimum ratio in potato tubers of organic and mineral substances essential to man, determines its value as food. The tuber contains on average 76-78% of water and from 13 to 36% solids, of which 12-15% is starch, 1-3% protein and about 1% - mineral compounds. Proteins potatoes have a very high biological value because they contain a set of essential amino acids that are not synthesized in the human body and must be obtained from food. The potato is the most important source of vitamin C. Potato protein is extremely biological value through the optimal ratio of essential amino acids, surpassing peas and beans on the content of methionine and grains - on the content of lysine. The aim of research was to evaluate cultivated on light-brown soils under drip irrigation of potato varieties biochemical indicators and dining. As a result of under drip irrigation on light-brown soils of the Astrakhan region studying the collection of early and Medium early varieties for a number of biochemical parameters were identified early varieties - Dolphin Karatop, good luck, and is mid - Innovator, Resource, The blue, effect, Nevsky, cover, Zhukov Jubilee. Indicators on the table were the best varieties Dolphin Resource The blue, Nevsky Innovator.
To the issue of population structure of Convallaria majalis L. and Polygonatum multiflorum L. in the “Bitsevsky forest” natural and historical park
Authors: Istomina I I , Pavlova M E , Terechin A A , Fedorova T A
Published: August 2018

The authors of this article conducted a study of the population structure of Convallaria majalis L. and Polygonatum multiflorum (L.) All. flowered relating to protected species and included in the Red book of Moscow and Moscow region. For the first time in the Bitsa forest Park based on the characteristics of stages of ontomorphogenesis of the investigated species described and analyzed the age structure of their populations.
Rationale of veterinary and sanitary evaluation of pig slaughter product at cryptosporidiosis period
Authors: Seryogin I G , Nikitchenko V E , Korneeva V I
Published: August 2018

The article presents the results of research carried out in order to support veterinary and sanitary assessment of products of slaughter pigs with invasive disease - cryptosporidiosis. This disease affects many species of animals and birds, it is considered dangerous to humans. The clinical manifestation of the disease observed in young animals, adult animals is characterized by a long asymptomatic carriage of the pathogen. At slaughtering enterprises, unfortunately, do not diagnose the cryptosporidiosis. This leads to the use of meat and other animal products of slaughter without any restriction, which is safe for consumers. Presented in the article the results of researches allow improving the diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis in slaughter pigs and recommending methods for the safest use of meat in the food and feed purposes. Proposals on veterinary and sanitary assessment of meat to obtained results of organoleptic, physical-chemical and microbiological tests as well as the danger of cryptosporidiosis pathogen for humans.
Amino-acid composition of broiler meat in the application of feed additives “Mikofiks”
Authors: Zabolotnykh M V , Dikikh A A , Seryogin I G , Nikitchenko V E
Published: August 2018

Studied chemical composition and amino-acid content of meat in broiler muscle tissue, mostly treated diet feed additive “Mikofiks” in comparison with the meat of broilers not receiving supplement. Define the comparative evaluation of the biological activity of the experimental and control of meat chickens, protein amino-acid score of pectoral muscles of broilers of cross-country “Siberian”. It was found that the use of the feed additive “Mikofiks” increases the physiological activity of chickens and weight gain. The chemical composition and calorific value of broiler meat treated with the additive does have some differences from the meat of chickens that received feed without additives “Mikofiks”. The moisture of meat of experimental chickens was an increase in 1.68%, and the energy value in 10,3-10,7%. In the white meat broiler of experimental group content of essential amino-acids in total increased by 2.7%, nonessential amino acids content decreased by 0.79%. The ratio of the amount of essential amino acids indispensable to the white meat of chickens of experimental group was 2.89% lower than in the control of broiler meat. However, the ratio of tryptophan to hydroxyproline increased by 23,6%. In the protein broiler of experimental group took place a limiting amino-acid (score) - tryptophan. Based on the conclusions of the data that the feed additive “Mikofiks” fattening broiler increases weight gain, and positive changes in the chemical composition of the meat defined by increased content of some essential amino acids, with the score (the limiting amino acid) - tryptophan.
Dynamics of indicators of clinical analysis of urine tripolyphosphate in the treatment of urolithiasis in cats
Authors: Mykolenko O N , Vatnikov U A
Published: August 2018

In article the estimation of efficiency of treatment of urolithiasis on the basis of dynamics of indicators of clinical analysis of urine in 64 clinically ill cats for the period from September 2013 to March 2015. The paper presents the main changes of the clinical condition of patients with urolithiasis tripolyphosphate based on the study of indicators of clinical analysis of urine. Confirmed by the absence of pathognomonic signs, allowing to differentiate pathology from other diseases of the genitourinary system in the early stages. Submitted the efficiency in the use of various schemes of correction of the state of animals in this pathology and evaluate the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions in urolithiasis in the acute phase. Identified and justified the need for long-term use of antihypoxants course (Mexidol-vet) and antibiotic treatment with cephalosporin the III generation cefovecin (Convenia) help stop the formation and release of tripel'fosfatov.
María Isabel Terán, Alberto Ortiz y Víctor Manuel Chávez coordinadores. "Discurso literario novohispano. Construcción y análisis". Zacatecas, México: Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, 2013, 386 pp.
Authors: Jiménez Marce Rogelio
Published: August 2018

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Darío G Barrera. "Abrir puertas a la tierra: microanálisis de la construcción de un espacio político: Santa Fe, 1573-1640". [2a ed.] Santa Fe, Argentina: Ministerio de Innovación y Cultura de la Provincia de Santa Fe,
Authors: Mamani Cotanat Ariel
Published: August 2018

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A terceira época da Análise de Discurso de Michel Pêcheux e as configurações contemporâneas da subjetividade: entre o discurso da ciência, o discurso do capitalismo e a psicanálise
Authors: Machado Bruno Focas Vieira
Published: August 2018

Este artigo pretende problematizar uma interface entre a intervenção de Michel Pêcheux de 1983 (O discurso: estrutura ou acontecimento) e algumas questões psicanalíticas contemporâneas sobre os efeitos da “dominação combinada” de dois discursos: o discurso da ciência e o discurso do capitalismo. Pêcheux, em um diálogo com a psicanálise, problematiza as consequências dessa combinação discursiva, denunciando como efeito uma instabilidade lógica da singularidade do sujeito. O pragmatismo do sujeito contemporâneo, expressão do autor, busca apagar a singularidade estruturante do sujeito. Para Ansermet, psicanalista francês, esse neo-positivismo forma uma das “epistemes” maiores do nosso tempo. Ansermet, assim como fez Pêcheux três décadas antes, situa o centro desse debate no cientificismo contemporâneo. Dessa forma, ilumina-se determinados pontos da última construção teórica de Pêcheux que legitimam a interface entre o campo discursivo e o campo psicanalítico, assim como pontos da reflexão pêcheutiana que problematizam a questão do cientificismo no mundo atual.
TOPONÍMIA E HISTÓRIA: A GUERRA DO PARAGUAI EM NOMES DE RUAS E PRAÇA DE DOURADOS – MS
Authors: Tavares Marilze
Published: August 2018

Neste artigo apresentamos resultados de uma investigação que toma como objeto de estudo a microtoponímia da cidade de Dourados – MS. Procuramos demonstrar como um importante fato histórico ocorrido no Brasil, com importantes consequências para a região em que a cidade está localizada, deixou marcas nos nomes de ruas e de outros espaços urbanos. Para o estudo, utilizamos, fundamentalmente, os pressupostos teóricos e metodológicos de Dick (1990, 1992).
A siket jelnyelv jelentősége a kommunikációs kultúra átalakulásának tükrében
Authors: Kékesi Balázs , Farkas Attila Márton
Published: August 2018

A megtestesült kogníció hipotézisre építő kognitív nyelvészet szemszögéből vizsgálva a siket jelnyelv éppoly komplex és természetes nyelv, mint bármely beszélt nyelv. Ebben a megközelítésben a gesztusnyelv és a szónyelv szemantikáját egyaránt meghatározza az agy-test-környezet interakció. A környezetben történő számtalan cselekvési szituáció kognitív szinten rögzülő konzekvenciái, továbbá az interaktív szituációk szimulatív rekonstrukciója kulcsszerepet játszik a nyelvi kommunikáció és megértés folyamataiban. A tanulmány a megtestesült kogníció kutatásra támaszkodva a testhasználat és a nyelvhasználat közti szoros kapcsolatot mutatja be, majd a szituált konceptualizáció tézisének alapján a siket jelnyelv és a szónyelv közötti azonos szerkezeti alapok mellett hoz érveket. A tanulmány célja a siketekkel szembeni negatív előítéletek rombolása a kortárs kognitív tudomány segítségével, rámutatva arra, hogy a jelnyelv korántsem kezdetleges és fejletlen a szónyelvhez képest, sőt, a siket jelnyelvi kifejezések mutatják meg igazán, hogyan is működik a nyelv maga. Továbbá rámutatunk arra, hogy a vizuális természetű gesztusnyelv kognitív nyelvészeti megközelítése közelebb vihet az információs társadalomban egyre nagyobb szerepet kapó képi kommunikáció működésének jobb megértéséhez.

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The significance of deaf sign language within the context of communication culture’s transformation

It seems clear when investigating sign language and verbal languages from the perspective of embodied cognition hypotheses based cognitive linguistics that both kinds of languages are natural. In this approach, the semantics of sign and verbal languages are equally assigned by the brain-body-environment interaction. The cognitive consequences of the numerous interactions with the world, and the cognitive ability to simulate those interactions in off-line mode, de-coupled from the environment, are crucial for gaining an understanding of communication and meaning. This paper throws light on the connection between the body and language from the perspective of embodied cognitive science, and argues that situated conceptualization is the most suitable thesis to understand the semantics of both sign and verbal languages. An additional aim of the paper is to help to reduce prejudice against deaf people by demonstrating that deaf sign language is far from being primitive, and moreover, it will show that sign language can facilitate a better understanding of how verbal languages really work.

Keywords: embodied cognition, cognitive linguistics, conceptualization, sign language, prejudices
„A kód szabadnak születik, és mégis mindenütt bilincsekben él” – A szabad és nyílt forráskódú forradalom története
Authors: Mátyus Imre
Published: August 2018

Recenzió Christopher Tozzi For Fun and Profit: A History of Free and Open Source Software Revolution (The MIT Press, Cambridge – London, 2017, 336 oldal, ISBN 9780262036474) című könyvéről.

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“The code is born free, but everywhere it lives in chains” – A History of Free and Open Source Software Revolution

A book review on Christopher Tozzi’s For Fun and Profit: A History of Free and Open Source Software Revolution (The MIT Press, Cambridge – London, 2017, 336 pages, ISBN 9780262036474).
Conduct Problems in Children Attending Pre-Primary Schools in Rural Areas of Pakistan
Authors: Bhamani Shelina , Ayub Nadia
Published: August 2018

The aim of this study was to explore the conduct problems faced by school going children in the rural areas of Pakistan. Two hypotheses were formulated to explore the significant differences between the intervention and non-intervention groups and gender on the variables of conduct and internalization. The data of a total 386 young children were collected from three different regions, who were enrolled in government pre-primary classes. The children under study comprised two kinds of schools: intervention schools that had early childhood interventions, and non-intervention schools. The data analysis revealed no significant difference between children in intervention and non-intervention schools. However, there was a gender difference found in the variables of conduct and internalization. The conclusion of the study was framed to provide implications of the study for professionals.
Motivating Learning in Mathematics Through Collaborative Problem Solving: A Focus on Using Rich Tasks
Authors: Hussain Nasreen , Mirza Anusha
Published: August 2018

This paper is based on the concept that lively and interactive math classes are possible by incorporating rich tasks to meet the needs of students operating at different levels in the classrooms. A study was carried out to find out the impact on learning and motivation of using rich tasks at secondary level in the maths class by incorporating co-operative learning. Qualitative research paradigm was opted for the study using an action research approach and the data were collected through two semi-structured interviews conducted at the onset of the research and after the intervention.  Few important findings indicate that rich tasks demand different levels of challenge and extend opportunities to those students who need them.
Analisis Pengaruh Brand Image dan Brand Origin terhadap Intensi Pembelian Produk Batik
Authors: Kussudyarsana K , Irawati Zulfa
Published: August 2018

This study aims to analyze the brand image, brand origin and purchase intension. The model in this study refers to the theory of country of origin, which in essence a consumer will connect the perception of a product or brand based on the origin of manufacture. Sampling method used is Random sampling, with the number of respondents a number of 140 respondents. Methods of data collection, by survey and observation. The analytical tool used is multiple linear regression used to analyze the relationship between the origin of the brand, brand image, the impression of quality and purchase intention. This study confirms the influence of local origin and the impression of quality on purchasing intentions. This study also confirmed the influence of regional origin with the impression of quality. Survey results show that Solo Batik excels in brand reputation, favorite motifs and color preferences compared to other types of batik in Java.
WARISAN PENJAJAHAN BELANDA DI INDONESIA PASCA-KOLONIAL (PERSPEKTIF PERUBAHAN DAN KESINAMBUNGAN)
Authors: Zed Mestika
Published: August 2018

This paper is a preliminary exploration of the Netherlands colonial heritage in contemporary Indonesia (post-colonial). In this case there are three major issues that would like to set out one by one. First, about the degree of influence of colonization of the Netherlands in the Netherlands and Indonesia's relationship in the past. Second, about the impact of political and economic policies of the Netherlands colonial against the structure of the demographics of Indonesia. Third, an afterthought (reflection) about the importance of re-reading the historical experience of Netherlands colonial rule in the past and the legacy left behind, including the corpus of documents about the history of Indonesia and Netherlands’ relationship for research and learning history for the generation in the future. These three fundamental subjects will be viewed in the perspective of change and continuity. Finally, a cover blurb will spin back the important points set out in this paper.
As contribuições da pesquisa-ação para a elaboração de políticas de formação continuada na perspectiva da inclusão escolar
Authors: Almeida Mariangela , Bento Maria José , Silva Nazareth
Published: August 2018

Este artigo objetiva analisar o movimento do grupo de gestores de educação especial da Região Serrana/ES, tanto no que se refere à perspectiva do diálogo coletivo, das indagações reflexivas e da corresponsabilização de todos os envolvidos como na proposta e na elaboração de um projeto comum à superintendência regional e aos municípios. Utiliza, como referencial teórico-metodológico, a pesquisa-ação colaborativo-crítica, sustentada pelos pressupostos da teoria do agir comunicativo. O estudo desdobrou-se em três momentos: no primeiro, empregou-se a estratégia dos grupos focais; no segundo, foi criado o grupo de estudo-reflexão; e, no terceiro, acompanhou-se a materialização da construção da proposta de uma política pública de formação continuada. A análise dos dados evidencia que os gestores públicos de educação especial atuam diretamente nos contextos da produção do texto e da colocação em prática das políticas públicas de formação continuada, bem como procuram construir, pela via da pesquisa-ação, outros modos de conceber políticas públicas educacionais, por meio da racionalidade comunicativa. No movimento do grupo, estão presentes sua intencionalidade e sua vontade de construção de uma política pública de formação continuada. A intenção, pressuposto fundante da teoria do agir comunicativo, constitui-se na identidade desse grupo de gestores.
A multiplicidade de sentidos e o condicionamento político da noção de qualidade em educação básica
Authors: Esquinsani Rosimar , Dametto Jarbas
Published: August 2018

Este artigo problematiza a noção de “qualidade educacional” aplicada à educação básica mediante revisão bibliográfica temática. Para tal, são retomados alguns sentidos mais evidentes do significante qualidade , vinculando-os a seu contexto histórico de emergência e à pertinência política que possuíam. Essa leitura destaca a natureza discursiva da qualidade educacional, noção perpassada por diversas rupturas, pluralidades e coabitações de sentidos, e demonstra sua existência como objeto político capaz de equalizar demandas discrepantes existentes no campo educacional devido a sua aparente neutralidade e a seu potencial de gerar consensos. No momento atual, há uma aparente despolitização do debate acerca dos rumos da educação, emergindo critérios supostamente técnicos de qualidade, mas que elegem caminhos politicamente enviesados para a educação básica.
A multiplicidade de sentidos e o condicionamento político da noção de qualidade em educação básica
Authors: Esquinsani Rosimar Serena Siqueira , Dametto Jarbas
Published: August 2018

Este artigo problematiza a noção de “qualidade educacional” aplicada à educação básica mediante revisão bibliográfica temática. Para tal, são retomados alguns sentidos mais evidentes do significante qualidade, vinculando-os a seu contexto histórico de emergência e à pertinência política que possuíam. Essa leitura destaca a natureza discursiva da qualidade educacional, noção perpassada por diversas rupturas, pluralidades e coabitações de sentidos, e demonstra sua existência como objeto político capaz de equalizar demandas discrepantes existentes no campo educacional devido a sua aparente neutralidade e a seu potencial de gerar consensos. No momento atual, há uma aparente despolitização do debate acerca dos rumos da educação, emergindo critérios supostamente técnicos de qualidade, mas que elegem caminhos politicamente enviesados para a educação básica.
Instruções aos Colaboradores
Authors: Executiva Editoria
Published: August 2018

Instruções aos colaboradores
JEJAK KEDATANGAN UTUSAN MAJAPAHIT DI PULAU AMBON
Authors: Mujabuddawat Muhammad Al
Published: August 2018

Kakawin Nāgarakŗtāgama describes Majapahit's territory during its victorious day almost covering the current area of the Nusantara, including the Ambon Island in the region of the Maluku Islands. However, there are only small trace of physical evidence and literary data that can prove the existence of Majapahit influence in Ambon Island, or in other words, there is no absolute proof that can be accepted by academician. The people of Ambon Island who are illiterate have an oral tradition of telling the history. Ema village in Ambon Island has an oral tradition that tells the arrival of Majapahit. This study used oral tradition analysis method also by field observation to find related artefactual data and  supported by relevant literature review. Based on the results of oral tradition studies, it is known that the arrival of the delegates of Majapahit Kingdom in Ema Village is a real historical event occurred and supported by evidence of artefactual data found in the field. The results of this study became the first primary reference of historical events that occurred in the Ambon island after so long that the published literature earlier did not contain clear evidence of the interaction or the coming of the Majapahit Kingdom in Ambon Island. The result of this study is also sufficient to prove that Ambon Island is not the territory of Majapahit Kingdom.
Assessment of Health-Related Problems in Dizaj-e Siavosh Community of Urmia, Iran, Based on the North Carolina Model
Authors: Salarilak Shaker , Valizadeh Rohollah
Published: August 2018

Introduction: To determine the health-related strengths, resources, and needs of a given community, it is necessary to obtain complete and correct information about its healthcare system and the people’s health problems. In this study, we identified and prioritized the health-related problems of the highly disadvantaged Dizaj-e Siavosh community of Urmia, Iran.Materials and Methods: This study was based on the so-called North Carolina Model. In this eight-step model, a community’s health-related problems are identified in the first seven stages. In the eighth stage, an operational plan is developed with the goal of addressing, prioritizing, and solving the identified problems.Results: In this study, 10 different problems were identified, including improper removal of sewage and garbage; involuntary marriage of girls, especially at an early age; the large number of poor households; the lack of continuing education for girls after elementary school; keeping pets without observing principles of health; lack of respect for a 3-year child-bearing interval; a generally poor socioeconomic situation; unemployment; widespread substance abuse; and low level of education for men. These problems were prioritized respectively.Conclusion: Most problems identified in this study were associated with people’s lack of knowledge about health-related issues, which is rooted in low social, cultural, and economic status.
Cholecystitis in Situs Inversus with Dextrocardia
Authors: Qizalbash Mohammad Ali Raza , Zahra Rida , Adil Mithwani Adnan , Adil Mithwani Anwar , Adil Mithwani Muaaz , Yousafzai Hussain Shah
Published: August 2018

Background: Surgical problem known as Acute Cholecystitis is very common nowadays; however it may cause trouble in diagnosing when person has situs inversus, (i.e.) viscera situated on the opposite side of the body. Our case report discusses the history and physical exam findings, images of radiograph, diagnosis, and how we dealt with cholecystitis in situs inversus with dextrocardia.Case Presentation: An eighty-six yrs. old male having pain in the upper left hypochondrium region, presented in emergency department. He was later diagnosed to have acute cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder) with cholelithiasis (presence of gallstones in gallbladder) in situs inversus totalis. Patient underwent elective open cholecystectomy within 24 h. Patient recovered well and was discharged on fourth postoperative day.Conclusion: Acute cholecystitis in Situs Inversus with Dextrocardia is very rare congenital anomaly and requires great expertise in the field of surgery to operate on these patients because of the reverse anatomy of the organs.
Antiepileptic Drugs in Patients With Aggression and Epilepsy
Authors: Dadgari Bahare
Published: August 2018

In the United States, the prevalence and incidence of epilepsy are about 5 to 8.4 per 1000 and 35.5 to 71 per 100,000 persons per year, respectively. Epilepsy management is a personalized and multifactorial medical approach; it is based on the type of epilepsy syndrome, severity and frequency of epileptic seizures, antiepileptic drug’s (AED) side effects, drug-drug interactions, disease-related psychosocial problems, and the overall lifestyle of the patient. Aggressive behavior is a major side effect of many AEDs. It deteriorates patients’ health. In this study, we reviewed different mechanisms of aggression in patients with or without epilepsy, and eventually, we introduced medications that potentially managed both.
Preferensi Struktur Organisasi Bagi Generasi Millenial
Authors: Setiawan Satria Aji , Puspitasari Nova
Published: August 2018

Millennial or Y generation is a generation born between 1981 and 2003. They are the generation that likes flexibility, freedom as well as personal things. Their work attitude is different from previous generations, one of which is that millenial generation has a strong preference related to the organizational structure and the systems that support it. This study was conducted to analyze millennial generation preferences related to the organizational design continuum, whether millennials are more likely to mechanistic designs or more to organic organizational design. In addition, this study aims to provide strategic recommendations for designing organizational structures that can accommodate millennial needs. This research used mixed research methods by combining quantitative methods through descriptive statistical analysis and qualitative methods. Based on the research, it is known that millennials prefer to work in organizations that have organic structures with few characteristics of mechanistic organization. The ideal organization for millenial generation is an organization that has low complexity, low centralization, high formalization, low stratification, high adaptability, low production, high efficiency, and high job satisfaction.

Keywords: Millenials, Organization Structure, Mechanistic, Organic

AbstrakGenerasi millenial atau generasi Y adalah generasi yang lahir diantara tahun 1981 sampai dengan 2003. Mereka adalah generasi yang cenderung lebih fleksibel dan menyukai kebebasan serta hal yang sifatnya personal. Sikap kerja mereka pun berbeda dengan generasi-generasi sebelumnya, salah satunya adalah generasi millenial memiliki preferensi yang kuat terkait dengan struktur organisasi dan sistem yang mendukungnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis mengenai preferensi generasi millenial terkait dengan kontinum desain organisasi, apakah generasi millenial lebih cenderung kepada desain mekanistik atau lebih condong kepada desain organisasi organik. Selain itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan rekomendasi strategis untuk menyusun desain struktur organisasi yang mampu mengakomodasi kebutuhan generasi millennial. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian campuran dengan menggabungkan metode kuantitatif melalui analisis statistika deskriptif dan metode kualitatif. Berdasarkan penelitian, diketahui bahwa generasi millenial lebih memilih untuk bekerja di organisasi yang memiliki struktur organik dengan sedikit karakteristik organisasi mekanistik. Organisasi yang ideal bagi generasi millenial adalah organisasi yang memiliki kompleksitas rendah, sentralisasi rendah, formalisasi tinggi, stratifikasi rendah, kemampuan adaptasi tinggi, produksi rendah, efisiensi tinggi, dan kepuasan kerja tinggi.

Kata kunci: Generasi Millenial, Struktur Organisasi, Mekanistik, Organik
Occurrence of the sexual morph of Erysiphe macleayae on Chelidonium majus in Romania
Authors: Chinan Vasilică-Claudiu
Published: August 2018

The sexual morph (chasmothecium) of Erysiphe macleayae on Chelidonium majus has been found in Romania for the first time. Although the asexual morph of this powdery mildew on C. majus is known from many countries, the occurrence of chasmothecia on this host is rather rare. A description of morphological characters and an analysis of the phylogenetic relationship of ITS sequences of the Romanian specimens are presented.
Subalpine vegetation in Giresun Mountains (Turkey)
Authors: Hüseyinova Rena , Yalçin Erkan
Published: August 2018

In this study, the subalpine vegetation in the Giresun Mountains of northern Turkey was investigated. The study area included north- and south-facing slopes at altitudes ranging betweenc.2000 and 2500 meters. For vegetation classification and for describing the relationships between vegetation and environment, traditional Braun-Blanquet methods and multivariate analysis techniques were used. The vegetation mainly consisted of subalpine grasslands and coniferous cushion scrubs.Caricetea curvulaeandAstragalo microcephali-Brometea tomentelliwere found to be dominant syntaxa in the vegetation of the study area. Land topography, soil physical and chemical factors and species richness have important impacts on the development of subalpine vegetation according to the results of multivariate analysis. Three associations and two subassociations were newly determined and classified. Hemicryptophytes, chamaephytes and geophytes participated in the floristic composition of these syntaxa. EUNIS habitat code and names for described syntaxa were also proposed.
Retrospective study of 37 Cavalier King Charles Spaniel dogs diagnosed with Chiari-like malformation and Syringomyelia
Authors: Cucoș Cătălina Anca , Constantinescu Radu , Barut Ateș , Ionașcu Iuliana , Vlăgioiu Constantin
Published: August 2018

Chiari-like malformation represents a congenital anomaly that affects the bony cranial base and the hindbrain, leading to fluid filled cavities formation in the spinal cord, condition named Syringomyelia. This paper aims to assess the variety of the clinical signs and to evaluate the magnetic resonance imaging findings in thirty- seven Cavalier King Charles Spaniel dogs. The study was performed over a four-year period, from 2013 to 2017, all cases underwent neurological examination, full diagnostic work-up, including magnetic resonance imaging scans of the brain, cervical and upper thoracic spinal cord. Thirty-seven dogs were included in this study, 23 females and 14 males, with a mean age of 3.6±2.1years. The commonest clinical findings encountered were neuropathic pain and vocalization, seen in all 37 cases, followed by scratching, facial rubbing, paw licking, air licking, tail chasing, seizures and unilateral facial paralysis. Different grades of cerebellar herniation and cervical syrinxes were noted in all cases, other magnetic resonance imaging findings encountered were medullary kinking, presyrinx and ventriculomegaly. In establishing the diagnosis of the Chiari-like malformation and Syringomyelia, the breed, clinical history and the symptomatology are very important, but only magnetic resonance imaging technique can provide quantitative assessment of the nervous system lesions.