bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rhino-orbital Aspergillosis\' a rising concern during COVID-19 pandemic: A clinical study from Kolar district, South India
Authors: Nagraj Inchara , Shetty Panaah , Manjula T. R
Published: February 2025

To describe and determine the proportion of Orbital Aspergillosis in suspected cases of Rhino-orbital infections and compare its severity and progression to Mucormycosis.

This observational study was conducted over five months (April 2021-September 2021)in a notified nodal tertiary care center of a district for Black Fungus during the COVID-19 pandemic. Seventy-seven patients admitted to our hospital with a suspected diagnosis of fungal Rhino-orbital infections were included in this study. Socio-demographic history, clinical spectrum, laboratory and radiological evaluation, and outcomes of patients are compared. Data were presented using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Out of 77 patients with a mean age of 50.48±12.39 years admitted with rhino orbital infections, Aspergillosis was seen in 17(22.07%), Mucor infection was in 22(28.57%), Rhizopus infection in 12(15.5%), Candida infection in 14(18.1%) and Bacterial infection was in 12(15.76%). Males were more commonly affected. Patients initially presented with facial pain and periorbital swelling, rapidly progressing to proptosis, ptosis, restriction of extraocular movements, and finally, leading to no perception of light.

We conclude that post-COVID-19 Orbital Aspergillosis is no more a rare entity and should be suspected in patients, especially if the patient is male and involved in agricultural work. This disease must be diagnosed early and treated promptly to avoid life-threatening complications.
Sex and physical fitness status differences in heart rate variability and cardiorespiratory indices during long-term exposure to particulate air pollution
Authors: Pouriamehr Sara , Roshan Valiollah Dabidi , Tajari Somayeh Namdar , Shirani Farimah
Published: February 2025

Purpose: The current study investigated the impact of gender (men vs. women) and cardiovascular fitness status (active vs. sedentary) on heart rate variability (HRV) [standard deviation of NN intervals (SDNN), root mean square of successive RR interval differences (RMSSD), low-frequency (LF), high-frequency (HF)] following performing an exhaustive exercise in an air-polluted environment. In addition, we measured the impact of gender (men vs. women) and cardiovascular fitness status (active vs. sedentary) on the cardiorespiratory indices [e.g., the myocardial volume oxygen (MvO2), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC)] at pre- and post-exercise status in an air-polluted environment. Method: 120 participants (46 ± 5 years) were classified into experimental and control categories and two subgroups; including physical fitness status (active vs. sedentary) and sexes (men vs. women). The heart rate variability and cardiorespiratory indices were measured at different times of performing the exhaustive exercise. Results: At rest condition, higher MvO2 values were detected in the experimental groups in comparison to women in the control groups (p < 0.001). Performing the exhaustive exercise in the polluted ambient caused lower RMSSD and higher MvO2 indices in experimental groups (p < 0.001). Exposure to air pollution could negatively alter cardio-autonomic and respiratory systems among sedentary and active women (p < 0.001). Conclusion: In air-polluted ambient, the exhaustive exercise increases myocardial stress in both sexes, regardless of cardiovascular fitness status.
Health-related fitness: Preservice physical educators attempt the model
Authors: Pennington Colin G.
Published: February 2025

Purpose: This study aimed to explore and describe the perceptions held by eleven preservice teachers regarding Health-Related Fitness as they learn to teach within the model to middle school students during an early field experience. It was hypothesised that issues brought up by the PTs at the beginning of the early field experience will be more self-centred (i.e., class management, preparation, curriculum and pedagogical content knowledge) and more student-centred toward the end of the early field experience (i.e., joy of student achievement, developing relationships). Method: Each PT was formally observed teaching two times for 40-60 min per session, as well as informally interviewed once for a period of approximately two hours at the conclusion of the semester. Additionally, the researcher also had dozens of conversations with each PT over the course of the semester to mentor and guide the PT through their field experience. Written data were analysed through open coding then selective coding to identify a “core category” and relate it to other categories and themes common to occupational socialization theory literature. Analytic induction was employed while documenting negative cases. Results: Most preservice teachers and middle school pupils ultimately “bought in” to Health-Related Fitness by the culmination of the early field experience and, in fact, most PT’s focus did become ore student-centred. Discussion: This exploratory study suggests that preservice teachers learn their conceptions of teaching Health-Related Fitness from a variety of different environments, contexts, and leadership figures. These personal experiences teaching Health-Related Fitness manifest themselves in preservice teachers understanding of how Health-Related Fitness content should be practiced in physical education. Physical education teacher education faculty can facilitate preservice teachers’ self-exploration through introspective and reflective practices.
The Imaginations about Social-Psychological Descriptions of the Characters of Difficult Communication
Authors:   Institute of Social Education (branch) of the Russian State Social University in Saratov, Beskova T.V.
Published: February 2025

The article analyses the results of empirical research on students’ imaginations about socialpsychological descriptions of the characters of difficult communication of the representatives of the
social-directional occupations, as the example. It underlines the likenesses and the differences of the
imaginations in a number of incentives (a social worker, a lecturer, a medical worker).The article
points out the generalized portraits of difficult partners in communication.
Hitro rastoče podjetje Outfit7: Rast podprta z učinkovitim obvladovanjem kulture in talentov
Authors: Širec Karin , Teskač Nina
Published: February 2025

Podjetje Outfit7, ki je postalo svetovno znano po svoji franšizi Talking Tom & Friends, se je soočilo z večjimi izzivi med svojo hitro rastjo. Ključni izzivi so vključevali učinkovito upravljanje talentov, ohranjanje močne organizacijske kulture in prilagajanje mednarodnim investicijam. Podjetje je uspešno uvedlo celovite strategije za privabljanje, razvoj in zadrževanje ključnih kadrov, kar mu je omogočilo ustvarjanje inovativnega in spodbudnega delovnega okolja. Outfit7 je hkrati ohranjalo kulturo, ki temelji na ustvarjalnosti, sodelovanju in odprti komunikaciji, kar je bilo ključno za uspešno prilagajanje globalnim trgom in ohranjanje konkurenčne prednosti. S pomočjo tehnologije in avtomatizacije je podjetje povečalo svojo učinkovitost in osredotočenost na strateške cilje, kar mu je omogočilo širitev na nove trge in izboljšanje operativne uspešnosti. Primer Outfit7 poudarja ključno vlogo upravljanja talentov in ohranjanja organizacijske kulture za trajnostno rast podjetja v globalnem poslovnem okolju.
Działalność gospodarcza księżnej Anny Jabłonowskiej (1728–1800)
Authors: Skodlarski Janusz
Published: February 2025

Duchess Anna Jabłonowska is one of the most prominent, albeit less known reformers of the Polish economy in the second half of the 18th century. She won recognition for selfless and practical regional activity in the field of modification of feudal service system. Implementation of her reforms facilitated upgrading of the Polish agriculture. Duchess’s activity was not a lordly whim but it was upright and arduous work aiming at enhancing social-economic life in the vast regions of the declining First Republic.
Żydzi jako wiejscy dzierżawcy karczm w XIX wieku
Authors: Gawryszczak Anna
Published: February 2025

The aim of this article is first of all an attempt to bring the part of the Jewish community that dealt with the lease and rural inn running closer to readers. The authors tried also to present their economic activity in the light of legally binding regulations in the areas of three partitioning countries. They attempted to describe the specificity of the way the Jews ran rural inns, their grooming and functioning. Moreover, the article presents the characterization of an inn owner who was not necessarily of the Jewish origin and definitely was one of the most important figures in the Polish village community. The paper also describes the process of gradual disappearance of the Jewish arendars, which was closely related to the emergence of a new social class. The consequence of this process was an utter exclusion of the Jews from their arendas, as a result of which they abandoned the countryside and moved to towns.
Z dziejów Polskiego Stronnictwa Ludowego w powiecie sieradzkim (1945–1947)
Authors: Olejnik Leszek
Published: February 2025

In the article introduced selected problems of the functioning of an independent peasant movement in district Sieradz in the first years after the Second World War.
After the creation of the Provisional Government of National Unity and after the return of former Prime Minister in Exile Stanisław Mikołajczyk to the country there are major changes in the peasant movement. Formed an independent Polish Peasants Party, which is popular opposition to strengthen their authority Communists.
In province of Łódź the party formed in the autumn 1945. This happens through massive transformation of local organizations already existing Peasants Party (Stronnictwo Ludowe – SL) in the structure of the Polish Peasants Party (Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe – PSL). Of the constitution – 17th November 1945 – for about half of next year PSL in district Sieradz developed fast. Since then, Communists authorities have intensified the fight against the party led by S. Mikołajczyk. Secessions were inspired in the ranks of PSL, eliminated the influence of this group in local power structures and above all, party activists were repressed in a wide range. Mass arrests were intended to intimidate that political environment. Consequently of such actions at the turn of 1946 and 1947 the activities of PSL froze. In March 1947 some members and activists of PSL in district Sieradz went to the pro-Communist SL.
Spring 1947, inspired by The Provincial Board of PSL in Lodz, in district Sieradz have been made recovery attempts of indepentent PSL. Communist Security Apparatus prevented them effectively.
Problematyka wiejska w działalności Wojska Polskiego w wielkich kampaniach politycznych z lat 1946–1947
Authors: Jarno Witold
Published: February 2025

The article describes the problems of the rural in activities of the Polish Army in political campaigns in 1946–1947. The first was connected with referendum campaign in June 1946, and the second concerned the election campaign for the Constituent parliament in January 1947. In both campaigns have involved a large-scale military units to combat armed underground and led propaganda in all communes in Poland. This activity was to convince the public to the slogans advocated by the communist authorities. The rural issues played an important role in the activities of the Polish Army for two reasons. On the one hand, nearly half of the soldiers of the Polish Army in 1946–1947 came from rural areas, which forced the military authorities to conduct intensive propaganda in military units. On the other hand, conviction the soldiers to the communist slogans was a necessary element before the planned use the army to the great political action in small towns and villages. After the elections to the parliament in January 1947, the military authorities have started a political campaign, which aims was to convince soldiers to the planned action of collectivization the Polish countryside. For this purpose, in military units carried out another political action among the soldiers, combined with the removal of the army troops hostile to the new reality postwar Poland.
Etnografia na łamach czasopism naukowych Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego
Authors: Pilarek Rafał
Published: February 2025

The article focuses on the review of the Geographic Materials prepared by the Scientific Journals of the Polish Geographic Society. PTG dates back to 1917 when Jan Lewinski, Stanisław Lencewicz, Boleslaw Olszewicz, Stanisław Poniatowski and Ludomir Sawicki took the initiative in establishing the Geographical Society in Warsaw. This organization from the very beginning of its existence published the ‘Geographic Review’ while PTG in Krakow published “Geographic News”. In both periodicals apart from the articles referring to Geography there were published materials of Anthropological and Ethnographic nature as well. A group of these periodicals has joined in 1947 the “Geographical Journal”, which during the interwar period was published by the Association of Polish Teachers of Geography the Geographical Society in Lwów and in Poznań. A lot of articles but to different extent, appeared in all these writings the authors of which were prominent Ethnographic researchers such as K. Moszyński, St. Udziela, J. St. Bystroń, J. Siemiradzki, A. Fischer.
Pamięć i zapomnienie jako formy kształtujące tożsamość na przykładzie Żuław Gdańskich
Authors: Łaga Zuzanna
Published: February 2025

Memory has one of the essential roles in the functioning of the human mind. It has the ability to store and playback a previously acquired information. At any time in the light of the experience gained so far and known to us knowledge we try to explain various kinds of data received by us. The past itself does not change, what changes is our perception of it and the way we remembered it. We can even say that the entire knowledge about the world and of ourselves is based on memory.
What we remember, the way we remember things is the result of our work on our own identity, shaped by our biography. On one hand, we see ourselves through the descriptions of other people on our subject, on the other hand, on the basis of our own thoughts about ourselves. The past appears to be here as a constitutive element for the future. How we see ourselves and how we see other people is often the result of our experience. Remembered and forgotten items our experiences shape the image of what was, is and will be.
Social memory is an essential element for structuring the experiences from the past and arranges them in a coherent picture, whose value is not in terms of truth or the recognition of false, but the current interpretation of the past reality for the creative needs of individuals and groups.
Each person is shaped by the society he lives in, formed by important memories and the past of the whole population. That means that the individual are the one who shape memory, which affects the perception of what was, implying what will be. Interpretation of the past is a dynamic process in accordance with the continuous changes allowing for creative intervention by any person. Transmitted contents are distorted being selected from the course of the transmission of these elements of the past and the selection of learned information by contemporaries. Memory is an attribute of man with a significant impact on the perception of the world, by remembered events.
Analiza norm społecznych stanowiących podstawę kapitału społecznego. Na przykładzie badań w gminach wiejskich i miejsko-wiejskich województwa łódzkiego
Authors: Mularska-Kucharek Monika
Published: February 2025

The aim of the article is the analysis of chosen social norms which are pivotal element of social capital creating, which is perceived as a chance to solve social and economical problems.
Therefore the main subject of concern of this article are such social norms as, trust, subjectivity, reciprocity, veracity, allegiance and more precisely, the level of acceptance of these norms among the inhabitants of rural areas of Łódź Province.
Obraz społeczeństwa i prowincji angielskiej za panowania Jerzego III w świetle „Listów wybranych” Jane Austen
Authors: Domarańczyk Daria
Published: February 2025

The essay presents the profile of one of the most famous British writers – Jane Austen (1775–1817) and her thoughts on provincial life. The author of the "Pride and Prejudice" was particularly interested in the aspect of social relations and traditions. As the result, the writer created novels containing perfectly presented stories. The part of the Austen's heritage are also her letters from 1796–1817. They are a very precious source of the studies on a British society during the reign of King George III. The letters were addressed mainly to a family and friends of the writer. They contain descriptions of nature, balls, trips to Bath and characteristic for the province gossips.
O dwóch znaczących przedmiotach. Kulturowa inwentaryzacja przestrzeni kuchennej
Authors: Krupa-Ławrynowicz Aleksandra
Published: February 2025

Autorka zdaje sprawozdanie z pewnego badawczego ćwiczenia, które – próbując utrzymać perspektywę autoetnograficzną – wykonała we własnej kuchni. Sięga po narzędzia etnografii sensorycznej, wsłuchuje się w podpowiedzi antropologii jedzenia, by opisać siebie-badacza w przestrzeni, siebie-badacza w relacji z przedmiotami. Topografia kuchni, znajdujące się w niej obiekty, związane z nimi gesty i praktyki stają się przyczynkiem dla kulturowych komentarzy i analiz.
Idea kuchni nowoczesnej w projektach rozwoju zakładów gastronomicznych w Polsce w latach 50. i 60. XX wieku
Authors: Czekalski Tadeusz
Published: February 2025

Wzorzec kuchni domowej, do którego nawiązywano w pierwszych francuskich restauracjach okazał się dysfunkcjonalny w obliczu wzrostu popularności obiektów żywienia zbiorowego w XIX wieku i konieczności przygotowania posiłków na skalę masową. Powrót do rozwiązań typowych dla kuchni domowych, ale zastosowanych w systemie żywienia zbiorowego przyniosły realizowane w czasie I wojny światowej projekty upowszechnienia stołówek pracowniczych. Podobny projekt realizowany w latach 20. w państwie sowieckim realizował plan świadomej degradacji kuchni domowej poprzez kuchnię kolektywną (stołówkową). Dyskredytacja domowego jedzenia na rzecz posiłków dostępnych w stołówkach stanowiło próbę wprowadzenia porządku ideologicznego w przestrzeń domową, a zarazem porzucenie tego, co z domowym jedzeniem kojarzono – czasochłonnego przyrządzania niewielkich porcji dla domowników według tradycyjnych przepisów. Plan rozwoju systemu zbiorowego żywienia na skalę masową realizowano w Polsce od początku lat 50. Nawiązujący do wzorców sowieckich projekt zmechanizowanych kuchni, wykorzystujących półprodukty i produkujących standardowe, racjonalnie opracowane posiłki okazał się w praktyce niezrealizowaną utopią. Hasło modernizacji kuchni w PRL lat 50. i 60. należy uznać za ideologiczny postulat, który w ogromnym stopniu pozostawał w sferze projektu, faktycznie zaś nadawał „wyższy” sens zabiegom instytucjonalizacji – poprzez upublicznienie, próby racjonalizacji i kontrolę – praktyk codzienności.
Studi Literatur Konsep Manthuq Dan Mafhum Dalam Al-Qur’an
Authors: Faradina Sevina , Amelia Shafira Rahma , Muttaqin M. Imamul
Published: February 2025

This research aims to examine the concept of Manthuq and Mafhum in the Qur'an through a literature study approach with a qualitative method. Manthuq refers to the explicit meaning of the text, namely the meaning that can be understood directly from the spoken lafadz. Meanwhile, Mafhum refers to the implied meaning or that can be concluded from the text implicitly. This study examines how these two concepts play a role in understanding and interpreting the verses of the Qur'an comprehensively. Through literature analysis from various classical and contemporary interpretations, as well as ushul fiqh studies, this study finds that Manthuq and Mafhum have significant implications in determining Islamic law and interpreting holy verses. This study also influences the development of the science of interpretation and ushul fiqh. The results of this study are expected to contribute to the development of more integrative and dynamic studies of Qur'anic interpretation, as well as being a reference for scholars and academics in understanding the complexity of the verses of the Qur'an.
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji konsep Manthuq dan Mafhum dalam Al-Qur'an melalui pendekatan studi literatur dengan metode kualitatif. Manthuq merujuk pada makna yang tersurat dari teks, yaitu makna yang dapat dipahami secara langsung dari lafadz yang diucapkan. Sementara itu, Mafhum merujuk pada makna yang tersirat atau yang dapat disimpulkan dari teks secara implisit. Kajian ini meneliti bagaimana kedua konsep ini berperan dalam memahami dan menafsirkan ayat-ayat Al-Qur'an secara komprehensif. Melalui analisis literatur dari berbagai tafsir klasik dan kontemporer, serta kajian ushul fiqh, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa Manthuq dan Mafhum memiliki implikasi yang signifikan dalam penentuan hukum Islam dan interpretasi ayat suci. Studi ini juga pengaruhnya terhadap perkembangan ilmu tafsir dan ushul fiqh. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi bagi pengembangan kajian tafsir Al-Qur'an yang lebih integratif dan dinamis, serta menjadi acuan bagi para ulama dan akademisi dalam memahami kompleksitas ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an.
ALIRAN ESSENSIALISME DALAM PERSPEKTIF FILSAFAT PENDIDIKAN ISLAM
Authors: Fidela Zanita , Listanti Hani , Sari Herlini Puspika
Published: February 2025

This study examines the philosophy of essentialism within Islamic education, emphasizing the importance of foundational knowledge and universal values that align with Islamic teachings. Essentialism highlights the necessity of a curriculum grounded in time-tested values as a means to develop character and enhance students' moral integrity. Utilizing a qualitative literature-based approach, this research investigates the core principles of essentialism and its relevance to Islamic educational philosophy. The findings indicate that essentialism provides an educational framework that balances worldly and spiritual knowledge effectively. By incorporating Islamic values found in the Qur'an and Hadith, this approach plays a crucial role in fostering the development of morally upright individuals who can positively contribute to society. Therefore, essentialism proves to be not only relevant in the educational context but also serves as a foundation for cultivating strong and responsive character development in the face of contemporary challenges.Abstrak
Penelitian ini membahas aliran esensialisme dalam filsafat pendidikan Islam, yang mengedepankan pengetahuan dasar serta nilai-nilai universal yang relevan dengan ajaran Islam. Esensialisme menekankan pentingnya kurikulum yang berlandaskan nilai-nilai yang telah teruji oleh waktu, sebagai upaya untuk membangun karakter dan memperkuat akhlak siswa. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif berbasis studi literatur, penelitian ini menyelidiki prinsip-prinsip inti esensialisme serta keterkaitannya dengan filsafat pendidikan Islam. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa esensialisme menawarkan kerangka pendidikan yang seimbang antara pengetahuan duniawi dan ukhrawi. Dengan penerapan nilai-nilai Islam yang terkandung dalam Al-Qur’an dan Hadis, pendekatan ini berperan penting dalam mendukung pembentukan individu yang berakhlak mulia dan mampu memberikan kontribusi positif bagi masyarakat. Dengan demikian, esensialisme tidak hanya relevan dalam konteks pendidikan, tetapi juga menjadi landasan bagi pengembangan karakter yang kuat dan responsif terhadap tantangan zaman.
METODOLOGI USHUL FIQIH: Analisis Terhadap Konsep Dzahir, Takwil, Muraddif dan Musytarak
Authors: Esafuri Maulidi Ash Shiddiqie
Published: February 2025

Artikel ini mengkaji metodologi ushul fiqih dengan fokus pada analisis konsep dzahir,takwil, muraddif, dan musytarak dalam konteks penafsiran hukum Islam. Ushul fiqihsebagai disiplin yang menentukan prinsip-prinsip dasar pengambilan hukum dari teks-teks syariah, mengharuskan pemahaman yang mendalam mengenai terminologi kuncitersebut. Konsep dzahir merujuk pada makna tekstual yang eksplisit, sementara takwilmelibatkan interpretasi yang lebih mendalam untuk mencapai makna yang tersembunyi.Muraddif berkaitan dengan kata-kata yang memiliki makna serupa atau sinonim, danmusytarak mengacu pada kata-kata yang memiliki lebih dari satu makna. Artikel inimenganalisis bagaimana keempat konsep ini digunakan dalam proses istinbat hukum danbagaimana mereka mempengaruhi penafsiran syariat dalam situasi yang kompleks.Melalui pendekatan analitis, artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pemahaman yanglebih jelas tentang bagaimana ushul fiqih mengintegrasikan konsep-konsep ini untukmenghasilkan kesimpulan hukum yang konsisten dan relevan dengan prinsip-prinsipsyariah.
Strategies to Enhance Team Performance in Digital Workplaces: Review of Empirical Evidences
Authors: Singh Pushpender
Published: February 2025

The effectiveness of teams is of fundamental importance in achieving organizational success, particularly within the contemporary tech-driven workplaces, where unity frequently blends with geographical boundaries. With the increased adoption of digital technologies and an increase in remote working, team monitoring has changed, which further necessitates innovative measures to adapt to the technology-driven environment. This study aims to investigate empirical evidence of key strategies to increase team effectiveness and productivity in the contemporary digital time. The study further analyzes whether factors such as effective communication, technological proficiency, elements of team adjustments, leadership styles, and digital collaboration tools promote team effectiveness at modern workplaces. Real-time feedback in digital communication platforms, virtual activities for team development, and methods for addressing issues arising from digital fatigue and miscommunication are also analyzed in this paper. Results indicate the importance of combining technological innovation with human-centered approaches to further promote high-performing and responsive teams in the new workplaces.
ChatGPT and Other AI Copilots as Knowledge Partners for Entrepreneurs and Small Business Owners: A Study of AI Copilots’ Adoption as a Medium of Entrepreneurial Training
Authors: Kumar Satish , Singh Pushpender
Published: February 2025

ChatGPT and other AI copilots can be described as transformative tools for entrepreneurs and small business owners, providing real-time insights, strategic guidance, and operational support. By being virtual knowledge partners, these AI systems enable users to facilitate more streamlined decision-making, improve productivity, and tap into volumes of information hitherto available only to far-flung consultants or extensive research. In fact, intuitive interfaces and the ability to give personalized recommendations have lately become pretty popular in entrepreneurial circles.  Adopting AI copilots as a medium for entrepreneurial training: how AI copilots assist business acumen and operational efficiency.
This paper explores in-depth case studies, user feedback, and scholarly research into the benefits of cost-effectiveness, scalability, and accessibility, as well as challenges such as data security concerns and over-reliance. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to understand adoption trends and user experiences that can provide actionable information for entrepreneurs and developers who want to capture the full potential of the digital copilots in the business ecosystem.
The cerebellum: a newly discovered circuitry basis for cognitive pain modulation
Authors: Jia Qiqi , Chen Lihong , Li Tianbai
Published: February 2025

Chen et al. investigate the neural basis of placebo analgesia in their recent Nature study, revealing the role of the cortico-ponto-cerebellar pathway. Using a placebo analgesia condition animal model, they show that expectations of pain relief are encoded through direct connections from the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) to the pontine nucleus (PN) and subsequently affect cerebellar regions linked to cognition. The study finds that placebo analgesia enhances rACC neuron activity and boosts calcium signaling in cerebellar Purkinje cells via Oprd1 -expressing PN neurons. These results underscore the cerebellum’s involvement in cognitive pain modulation and suggest that targeting this pathway could offer new approaches for pain relief, including advanced neurostimulation and tailored cognitive therapies.
Impact of organic and non-organic mulching on grape yield, quality and ecophysiological traits under irrigated and nonirrigated conditions
Authors: Tangolar Serpil , Temel Nazife , Torun Hilmi , Tangolar Semih , Karaman Yücel , Tursun Nihat , Alkan Torun Ayfer
Published: February 2025

In view of climate change and the possibility that drought stress in vineyards will increase, applying effective soil and water conservation measures is essential, especially where irrigation water is scarce. This study, conducted between 2021 and 2023 in Adana, Çukurova, Turkey, aimed to evaluate the efficacy of different organic (Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth., Trifolium alexandrinum L., Lathyrus sativus L. and Vicia sativa L. + Triticale sp.) and non-organic (basaltic pumice and zeolite) mulches on Black Magic grapevines under irrigation (50 % water) and nonirrigation (rainfed) conditions. The results show that limited irrigation increased grape yield, and cluster and berry parameter values. Weed-free, V. sativa+Triticale sp. and T. alexandrinum applications generally showed higher yield, and cluster and berry parameter values compared to other cover crops. Nonirrigated conditions resulted in higher total soluble solids and maturity index, but lower pH compared to limited irrigation. Leaf water potential (LWP) increased towards maturity, particularly under nonirrigated conditions, with significant differences in LWP between mulching treatments in the third year. Soil moisture was generally higher and temperature slightly lower under limited irrigation, with mulch application showing no significant effect on soil moisture and temperature. The discriminant analysis highlighted the influence of mulching materials on yield and its components, particularly under limited irrigation. Overall, organic and non-organic mulches proved to be effective in maintaining soil moisture and temperature, providing an environmentally friendly alternative to herbicides in vineyards under limited irrigation.
Less is more: towards a discrepancy in the representation of ‘no added sulphite’ wines among French professionals and consumers.
Authors: Honoré-Chedozeau Carole , Pouzalgues Nathalie , Symoneaux Ronan
Published: February 2025

As an emergent phenomenon in the wine market, ‘no added sulphite wines’ (NAS) are an ill-defined category for both consumers and professionals. This study aimed to identify the representation of NAS wines for French wine consumers and professionals and to understand how familiarity and expertise could modulate their representations. An online free word association task was used. Participants had to promptly verbalise the first five terms that came to mind for “NAS wines” and to rate both the importance and the connotation of each generated term. A total of 319 consumers representative of French wine consumption and 540 wine professionals from different French wine-producing areas were recruited. Based on the prototypical analysis, we calculated quantitative indexes from the data to identify the content of consumers’ and professionals’ representation, coupled with a co-occurrence analysis to determine the link between the different terms. By comparing the level of expertise, results showed a contrasted representation of NAS wines between French wine consumers and professionals. Consumers have a positive representation whatever their level of familiarity, mainly based on natural perception and health benefits. Professionals have a negative representation, mostly focused on defects, that is modulated according to the level of familiarity. For professionals, it is not so much the definition of the wines that change but the degree of importance given to the defects. Finally, these results confirmed the need for information and clarity to enable consumers to better understand what NAS wines are and to stimulate professionals to consider a common technical acceptability.
From Origin to Present: Establishment, Mechanism, Evolutions and Biomedical Applications of CRISPR/Cas-based Macromolecular System in Brief
Authors: Yuan Zheng
Published: February 2025

Advancements in biological and medical science are intricately linked to the biological central dogma. In recent years, gene editing techniques, especially CRISPR/Cas systems, have emerged as powerful tools for modifying genetic information, supplementing the central dogma and holding significant promise for disease diagnosis and treatment. Extensive research has been conducted on the continuously evolving CRISPR/Cas systems, particularly in relation to challenging diseases, such as cancer and HIV infection. Consequently, the integration of CRISPR/Cas-based techniques with contemporary medical approaches and therapies is anticipated to greatly enhance healthcare outcomes for human. This review begins with a brief overview of the discovery of the CRISPR/Cas system. Subsequently, using CRISPR/Cas9 as an example, a clear description of the classical molecular mechanism underlying the CRISPR/Cas system was given. Additionally, the development of the CRISPR/Cas system and its applications in gene therapy and high-sensitivity disease diagnosis were discussed. Furthermore, we address the prospects for clinical applications of CRISPR/Cas-based gene therapy, highlighting the ethical consideration associated with altering genetic information. This brief review aims to enhance understanding of the CRISPR/Cas macromolecular system and provide insight into the potential of genetic macromolecular drugs for therapeutic purposes.
Scientific, Professional and Technical Activities. European Mountain Series Forecasting (2)
Authors: Covaci Mihai , Covaci Brindusa
Published: February 2025

This study explores the future trajectories of mountain research and the dynamics of scientific, professional, and technical activities across Europe, utilizing predictive models grounded in historical data and advanced statistical methodologies. The research underscores the significant contributions of established experts in mountain studies and highlights the critical role of interdisciplinary approaches in defining future research paradigms. The methodological framework encompasses the systematic collection, preprocessing, and analysis of data derived from authoritative sources, employing techniques such as linear regression, autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models, and artificial neural networks. The results reveal a notable increase in funding for mountain research, the expansion of educational infrastructure specifically designed for mountain regions, and the enhancement of international collaborative efforts. Key areas such as biotechnology, ecology, and economics are anticipated to receive heightened focus, with the objective of advancing sustainable development models. Additionally, the integration of artificial intelligence is expected to play a pivotal role in environmental monitoring and the efficient management of natural resources. This study offers a thorough analysis of emerging trends in mountain research, emphasizing the need for targeted policies and initiatives to foster the sustainable development of mountain regions. The conclusions of this research aim to inform strategic decision-making and advocate for a holistic approach to addressing the distinct challenges and opportunities inherent to mountain ecosystems.
A Conceptual Study of Rapidly Reconfigurable and Scalable Optical Convolutional Neural Networks Based on Free-Space Optics Using a Smart Pixel Light Modulator
Authors: Ju Young-Gu
Published: February 2025

Smart-pixel-based optical convolutional neural network (SPOCNN) was proposed to improve kernel refresh rates in scalable optical convolutional neural networks by replacing the spatial light modulator with a smart pixel light modulator (SPLM), while maintaining benefits such as unlimited input node size, cascadability, and direct kernel representation. The fast updating capability and memory of SPLM enable real-time applications, including convolution with multiple kernel sets and difference mode. Simplifications using electrical fan-out reduced hardware complexity and costs. Smart-pixel-based bidirectional optical convolutional neural network (SPBOCNN), an evolution of SPOCNN, adopted bidirectional architecture and single lens-array optics, achieving a computational throughput of 8.3 × 10¹⁴ MAC/s with an SPLM resolution of 3840 × 2160. Further development led to two-mirror-like SPBOCNN (TML-SPBOCNN), which can emulate 2n layers using 2 physical layers, offering significant hardware savings despite increased time delay. TML-SPBOCNN was demonstrated for solving partial differential equations (PDEs), leveraging local interactions represented as a sequence of convolutions. These advancements establish SPOCNN and its derivatives as promising solutions for future convolutional neural network applications.
The Guardian of Dream: The Neglected Relationship Between Sleep and Psychoanalysis
Authors: Barbato Giuseppe
Published: February 2025

Knowledge about sleep was very limited at the time Freud elaborated his seminal work on the interpretation of dreams. He was also not interested in sleep, that considered a problem of physiology, however sleep appears to have a central role in his model, since dreaming is considered the guardian of sleep. The function of dreaming according to Freud is to protect sleep from disruption, the dream work finalized to avoid repressed stimuli interrupting the “biological” function of sleep. Before neurophysiological studies provided evidence that sleep is not a passive state, Freud also recognized sleep as an active process, human beings voluntarily withdraw their attention from the external world to actively move to sleep. Discovery of REM sleep in the fifties led psychoanalysts to see sleep as the necessary background to the occurrence of dreaming. Although Freud dismissed the clinical importance of sleep disturbances, viewing those as the somatic expression of an instinctual disturbance, which will disappear during psycho-analytic treatment, successive authors highlighted the fact that sleep disturbances might have a more specific psychic significance. The similarities between the loss of self which occurs by falling asleep and the fragmentation of the identity experienced in schizophrenia, is an interesting and yet not fully explored area of research. Thanks to Freud’s work, the desire to sleep assumes the important role of a psychological, active factor which contributes to the occurrence and function of sleep.
The Novel Antigenic Epitopes of ASFV Inner Membrane p54 Protein Revealed by Monoclonal Antibodies
Authors: Zhang Jiajia , Zhang Kaili , Sun Shaohua , He Ping , Deng Dafu , Lv Hanrong , Xie Mingwang , Zhang Pingping , Zheng Wanglong , Chen Nanhua , Bai Jianfa , Zhu Jianzhong
Published: February 2025

African swine fever (ASF) is caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV), infection in domestic pigs and wild boars causes a highly contagious, hemorrhagic disease. The p54 protein is encoded by the ASFV E183L gene and is one of the important structural proteins located on the inner envelope of the virus. It is involved in processes of virus assembly, apoptosis induction and neutralizing antibody production. In this study, three specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against ASFV p54 protein were generated, namely 6B11, 3E3, and 3C10, from the mice immunized with recombinant prokaryotic p54 truncated protein. Three novel linear B cell epitopes recognized by the mAbs were revealed, which are 60AAIEEEDIQFINP72, 128MATGGPAAAPAAASAPAHPAE148, and 163MSAIENLRQRNTY175. The epitopes 60AAIEEEDIQFINP72 and 163MSAIENLRQRNTY175 were highly conserved in genotype I and II ASFV strains. In addition, the epitope peptide ELISA can be used for the detection of ASFV antibody. Our work provides new insights for vaccine development and tools for serological diagnosis of ASF.
Resolving Node Identification Issues in Graph Based Method for Character Recognition
Authors: M Saravanakumar , S Kannan
Published: February 2025

Character recognition has evolved as a critical component in various researches such as image processing, automated data entry, and digital archiving. Traditional methods often struggle with variations in font, size, and orientation, making robust recognition a challenging task. This paper proposes a novel graph-based method for character recognition, which leverages the structural and topological properties of characters. In the proposed approach, characters are represented as graphs where nodes correspond to critical points (e.g., junctions, endpoints) and edges represent the connecting strokes. This graph representation preserves the geometric and structural information of the characters, enabling more effective handling of variations. The recognition process involves the following key steps: 1Graph Construction: Extracting significant points and constructing the graph representation of the character.2Feature Extraction : Utilizing graph-theoretic features such as node degree, path length, and sub graph isomorphism to capture the unique characteristics of each character.3Graph Matching: Comparing the constructed graph with pre-defined template graphs using graph matching algorithms to identify the character.4Classification: machine learning techniques to classify the character based on the extracted features and matching results. The proposed method is evaluated on standard character recognition datasets, demonstrating superior performance in terms of accuracy and robustness against distortions and variations compared to traditional pixel-based methods. This graph-based approach provides a promising direction for future research and applications in character recognition.
Attitude of Residents Towards Improving Solid Waste Handling in Urban Cities
Authors: Elsharkawy Mahmoud Fathy , Labib Ossama Ahmed , Aljassim Mohammed T. , Alsaif Abdulmalik S. , Alwadei Manna M. , Almoslem Muath M.
Published: February 2025

Management of sustainable solid waste MSW, it is how to deal with sustainable waste through services provided to the community and how to benefit from it as a product that affects the national income. which refers to the collection and treatment of solid waste before final disposal. The Mu-nicipal solid waste management in Dammam is based on generating and collecting MSW from different sources in Dammam, including individual and community bins. The main aim of this study was accessing the generation rate and composition of MSW in different income levels, evaluating the current MSW practice including knowledge, attitude, and satisfaction of residents toward the MSW management services in Dammam as a representative city of other large and important cities in Saudi Arabi. A multi-stage grouping method was used for dividing the population into three soci-oeconomic groups (high, middle- and low-class), and an equal number of participants was selected by a statistically simple random method. Collection of data was conducted by a pre-designed questionnaire for six months. Wood and garden waste represented the highest amounts (38.39 and 33.76 ton/year respectively), followed by Aluminum, paper and plastic (29.31, 28.53 and 27.29 ton/year respectively). Most of the solid waste collected from homes and community gathering places in Dammam is collected by collecting garbage and transporting it to private landfills, then the final stage is where it is buried by companies that fall under the responsibility of the Eastern Province Municipality, but it produces unpleasant odors whether in transportation or burial, which prompted the Saudi government to develop dealing with waste in a better way. Only 10-15% of the collected MSW is recycled including paper, metals, and plastics. Indeed, sorting and recycling sustainable waste has had a significant psychological impact on the community and the residents of Dammam are trying to understand how recycling can improve their income.
Scientific Production on GPS Trajectory Clustering: A Bibliometric Analysis
Authors: Reyes Gary , Tolozano-Benites Roberto , Lanzarini Laura , Estrebou César , Bariviera Aurelio F.
Published: February 2025

Clustering algorithms or methods for GPS trajectories are in constant evolution due to the interest aroused in part of the scientific community. With the development of clustering algorithms considered traditional, improvements to these algorithms and even unique methods considered as “novelty” for science have emerged. This work aims to analyze the scientific production that exists around the topic “GPS trajectories clustering” by means of bibliometrics. Therefore, a total of 559 articles from the main collection of Scopus were analyzed, previously filtering the generated sample to discard any article that does not have a direct relationship with the topic to be analyzed. This analysis establishes an ideal environment for other disciplines and researchers, since it provides a current state of the trend of the subject of study in their field of research.
Influence of Summer Drought on Resprouting and Leaf Senescence in a Common Garden of Prunus spinosa L.
Authors: Vander Mijnsbrugge Kristine , Moreels Stefaan , Moreels Sharon , Buisset Damien , Van Campenhout Karen , Notivol Paino Eduardo
Published: February 2025

Understanding how woody plants cope with severe water shortages is critical, espe-cially for regions where droughts are becoming more frequent and intense. We studied the effects of drought intensity, focusing on post-drought resprouting, autumn leaf se-nescence and the subsequent spring bud burst. Furthermore, we aimed to study popu-lation differentiation in the drought and post-drought responses. We performed a summer dry-out experiment in a common garden of potted Prunus spinosa L. (Rosaceae) saplings. We looked at the responses in different visual stress symptom categories and at provenance differentiation between a local (Western Europe), a more southern and a more northern provenance. The chance on post-drought resprouting was larger for the more severely affected plants, and the timing of resprouting was earlier than for the less severely affected ones. The plants that displayed wilting of the leaves during the drought had a leaf senescence 2.7 days earlier than the controls, whereas plants with 25 to 75% and more than 75% of desiccated leaves were 7 and 15 days later, respectively. During the drought, the local provenance was the first to de-velop visual symptoms. Still, for the plants with no to mild symptoms due to the drought, this provenance displayed a larger chance for post-drought resprouting. Among the control plants, the northern provenance was earlier, and the southern was later in leaf senescence compared to the local provenance. This differentiation disap-peared for the plants with more than 25% of desiccated leaves due to the drought. Whereas leaf senescence could be earlier or later depending on the developed drought symptoms, the timing of bud burst was only delayed. Results indicate that resprouting and timing of leaf senescence are responsive to the severity of the experienced drought in a provenance dependent way.