bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
lncRNA-WAL Promotes Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Aggression by Inducing β-Catenin Nuclear Translocation
Authors: Huang Hongyan , Jin Haiyun , Lei Rong , He Zhanghai , He Shishi , Chen Jiewen , Saw Phei E. , Qiu Zhu , Ren Guosheng , Nie Yan
Published: July 2024

Because of its insensitivity to existing radiotherapy, namely, chemotherapy and targeted treatments, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains a great challenge to overcome. Increasing evidence has indicated abnormal Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation in TNBC but not luminal or HER2+ breast cancer, and lncRNAs play a key role in a variety of cancers. Through lncRNA microarray profiling between activated and inactivated Wnt/β-catenin pathway of TNBC tissues, lnc-WAL (Wnt/β-catenin-associated lncRNA; WAL) was selected as the top upregulated lncRNA in Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation compared with the inactivation group. RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing was used to compare the β-catenin and IgG groups, in which lnc-WAL could interact with β-catenin. Clinically, increased lnc-WAL in TNBC tumor tissue was associated with shorter survival. lnc-WAL promoted epithelial–mesenchymal transition, the proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer stem cells and TNBC cells. Mechanistically, lnc-WAL inhibited β-catenin protein degradation via AXIN-mediated phosphorylation at serine 45. Subsequently, β-catenin accumulated in the nucleus and activated the target genes. Importantly, Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation stimulated the transcription of lnc-WAL. These results pointed to a master regulatory role of lnc-WAL/AXIN/β-catenin in the malignant progression of TNBC. Our findings provide important clinical translational evidence that lnc-WAL may be a potential therapeutic target against TNBC.

Implications: The positive feedback between lnc-WAL and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway promotes TNBC progression, and lnc-WAL could be a potential prognostic marker for patients with TNBC.
NAPRT Silencing in FH-Deficient Renal Cell Carcinoma Confers Therapeutic Vulnerabilities via NAD+ Depletion
Authors: Noronha Katelyn J. , Lucas Karlie N. , Paradkar Sateja , Edmonds Joseph , Friedman Sam , Murray Matthew A. , Liu Samantha , Sajed Dipti P. , Sachs Chana , Spurrier Josh , Raponi Mitch , Liang Jiayu , Zeng Hao , Sundaram Ranjini K. , Shuch Brian , Vasquez Juan C. , Bindra Ranjit S.
Published: July 2024

Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma (HLRCC) is caused by loss of function mutations in fumarate hydratase (FH) and results in an aggressive subtype of renal cell carcinoma with limited treatment options. Loss of FH leads to accumulation of fumarate, an oncometabolite that disrupts multiple cellular processes and drives tumor progression. High levels of fumarate inhibit alpha ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, including the ten–eleven translocation (TET) enzymes, and can lead to global DNA hypermethylation. Here, we report patterns of hypermethylation in FH-mutant cell lines and tumor samples are associated with the silencing of nicotinate phosphoribosyl transferase (NAPRT), a rate-limiting enzyme in the Preiss–Handler pathway of NAD+ biosynthesis, in a subset of HLRCC cases. NAPRT is hypermethylated at a CpG island in the promoter in cell line models and patient samples, resulting in loss of NAPRT expression. We find that FH-deficient RCC models with loss of NAPRT expression, as well as other oncometabolite-producing cancer models that silence NAPRT, are extremely sensitive to nicotinamide phosphoribosyl transferase inhibitors (NAMPTi). NAPRT silencing was also associated with synergistic tumor cell killing with PARP inhibitors and NAMPTis, which was associated with effects on PAR-mediated DNA repair. Overall, our findings indicate that NAPRT silencing can be targeted in oncometabolite-producing cancers and elucidates how oncometabolite-associated hypermethylation can impact diverse cellular processes and lead to therapeutically relevant vulnerabilities in cancer cells.

Implications: NAPRT is a novel biomarker for targeting NAD+ metabolism in FH-deficient HLRCCs with NAMPTis alone and targeting DNA repair processes with the combination of NAMPTis and PARP inhibitors.
Supplementary Figure 10 from CD8-Targeted IL2 Unleashes Tumor-Specific Immunity in Human Cancer Tissue by Reviving the Dysfunctional T-cell Pool
Authors: Kaptein Paulien , Slingerland Nadine , Metoikidou Christina , Prinz Felix , Brokamp Simone , Machuca-Ostos Mercedes , de Roo Guido , Schumacher Ton N.M. , Yeung Yik A. , Moynihan Kelly D. , Djuretic Ivana M. , Thommen Daniela S.
Published: July 2024

CD8-IL2-induced reinvigoration of intratumoral CD8+ T cells in individual tumor samples.
Table S2 from Paradoxical Activation of Oncogenic Signaling as a Cancer Treatment Strategy
Authors: Dias Matheus Henrique , Friskes Anoek , Wang Siying , Fernandes Neto Joao M. , van Gemert Frank , Mourragui Soufiane , Papagianni Chrysa , Kuiken Hendrik J. , Mainardi Sara , Alvarez-Villanueva Daniel , Lieftink Cor , Morris Ben , Dekker Anna , van Dijk Emma , Wilms Lieke H.S. , da Silva Marcelo S. , Jansen Robin A. , Mulero-Sánchez Antonio , Malzer Elke , Vidal August , Santos Cristina , Salazar Ramón , Wailemann Rosangela A.M. , Torres Thompson E.P. , De Conti Giulia , Raaijmakers Jonne A. , Snaebjornsson Petur , Yuan Shengxian , Qin Wenxin , Kovach John S. , Armelin Hugo A. , te Riele Hein , van Oudenaarden Alexander , Jin Haojie , Beijersbergen Roderick L. , Villanueva Alberto , Medema Rene H. , Bernards Rene
Published: July 2024

Supplementary table 2: Full list of genes whose overexpression was selectively toxic in the presence of LB-100 in HT-29 cells in the CRISPRa screen FDR smaller or equal to 0.25 and log2 fold change smaller or equal to -1 in treated/untreated comparison were criteria for hit selection.
Figure S8 from Paradoxical Activation of Oncogenic Signaling as a Cancer Treatment Strategy
Authors: Dias Matheus Henrique , Friskes Anoek , Wang Siying , Fernandes Neto Joao M. , van Gemert Frank , Mourragui Soufiane , Papagianni Chrysa , Kuiken Hendrik J. , Mainardi Sara , Alvarez-Villanueva Daniel , Lieftink Cor , Morris Ben , Dekker Anna , van Dijk Emma , Wilms Lieke H.S. , da Silva Marcelo S. , Jansen Robin A. , Mulero-Sánchez Antonio , Malzer Elke , Vidal August , Santos Cristina , Salazar Ramón , Wailemann Rosangela A.M. , Torres Thompson E.P. , De Conti Giulia , Raaijmakers Jonne A. , Snaebjornsson Petur , Yuan Shengxian , Qin Wenxin , Kovach John S. , Armelin Hugo A. , te Riele Hein , van Oudenaarden Alexander , Jin Haojie , Beijersbergen Roderick L. , Villanueva Alberto , Medema Rene H. , Bernards Rene
Published: July 2024

Figure S8: Acquired resistance to the combination of LB-100 and adavosertib suppressed malignant traits in CRC models (A) IncuCyte-based proliferation assays from HT-29 and SW-480 parental and resistant cells in the absence or presence of the combination (LB-100 4 µM + adavosertib 400 nM). (B) Chromosome counting and representative chromosome spreads from HT-29 and SW-480 parental and resistant cells. Nocodazole was added for 3h to block cells in mitosis. Cells were harvested by mitotic shake-off for spreading. Over 40 (HT-29 and HT-29-R) or 50 (SW-480 and SW-480-R) spreads were counted per cell line. Asterisks indicate significance level (**** p-value <0.0001) by two-tailed Mann-Whitney test. (C) Heatmaps showing the marker genes of each cluster from the scRNAseq analyses of HT-29 and SW-480 cells
Figure S5 from Paradoxical Activation of Oncogenic Signaling as a Cancer Treatment Strategy
Authors: Dias Matheus Henrique , Friskes Anoek , Wang Siying , Fernandes Neto Joao M. , van Gemert Frank , Mourragui Soufiane , Papagianni Chrysa , Kuiken Hendrik J. , Mainardi Sara , Alvarez-Villanueva Daniel , Lieftink Cor , Morris Ben , Dekker Anna , van Dijk Emma , Wilms Lieke H.S. , da Silva Marcelo S. , Jansen Robin A. , Mulero-Sánchez Antonio , Malzer Elke , Vidal August , Santos Cristina , Salazar Ramón , Wailemann Rosangela A.M. , Torres Thompson E.P. , De Conti Giulia , Raaijmakers Jonne A. , Snaebjornsson Petur , Yuan Shengxian , Qin Wenxin , Kovach John S. , Armelin Hugo A. , te Riele Hein , van Oudenaarden Alexander , Jin Haojie , Beijersbergen Roderick L. , Villanueva Alberto , Medema Rene H. , Bernards Rene
Published: July 2024

Figure S5: Combined toxicity of LB-100 and Adavosertib in PDAC and CCA models (A) and (B) Dose-response assays show the effect of LB-100 or Adavosertib in 4 PDAC and 4 CCA models, respectively. Cell viability was estimated by resazurin fluorescence after 5 days in the presence of the drug or DMSO control. The normalized values are plotted. (C) and (D) Long-term viability assays show 4 PDAC and 4 CCA models, respectively, treated with LB-100 or Adavosertib at the indicated concentrations. Treatments were refreshed every 2-3 days, and the cells were grown for 10-14 days before fixing, staining, and imaging. (E) and (F) IncuCyte-based proliferation assays from 4 PDAC and 4 CCA models, respectively, in the absence or presence of LB-100, Adavosertib, or the combination at the indicated concentrations.
Data from Combining TIGIT Blockade with MDSC Inhibition Hinders Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis by Activating Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Monteran Lea , Ershaid Nour , Scharff Ye’ela , Zoabi Yazeed , Sanalla Tamer , Ding Yunfeng , Pavlovsky Anna , Zait Yael , Langer Marva , Caller Tal , Eldar-Boock Anat , Avivi Camila , Sonnenblick Amir , Satchi-Fainaro Ronit , Barshack Iris , Shomron Noam , Zhang Xiang H.-F. , Erez Neta
Published: July 2024

Abstract
Bone is the most common site of breast cancer metastasis. Bone metastasis is incurable and is associated with severe morbidity. Utilizing an immunocompetent mouse model of spontaneous breast cancer bone metastasis, we profiled the immune transcriptome of bone metastatic lesions and peripheral bone marrow at distinct metastatic stages, revealing dynamic changes during the metastatic process. We show that cross-talk between granulocytes and T cells is central to shaping an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Specifically, we identified the PD-1 and TIGIT signaling axes and the proinflammatory cytokine IL1β as central players in the interactions between granulocytes and T cells. Targeting these pathways in vivo resulted in attenuated bone metastasis and improved survival, by reactivating antitumor immunity. Analysis of patient samples revealed that TIGIT and IL1β are prominent in human bone metastasis. Our findings suggest that cotargeting immunosuppressive granulocytes and dysfunctional T cells may be a promising novel therapeutic strategy to inhibit bone metastasis.

Significance: Temporal transcriptome profiling of the immune microenvironment in breast cancer bone metastasis revealed key communication pathways between dysfunctional T cells and myeloid derived suppressor cells. Cotargeting of TIGIT and IL1β inhibited bone metastasis and improved survival. Validation in patient data implicated these targets as a novel promising approach to treat human bone metastasis.
Figure S5 from Genotoxicity Associated with Retroviral CAR Transduction of ATM-Deficient T Cells
Authors: Rozenbaum Meir , Fluss Reut , Marcu-Malina Victoria , Sarouk Ifat , Meir Amilia , Elitzur Sarah , Zinger Tal , Jacob-Hirsch Jasmine , Saar Efrat G. , Rechavi Gideon , Jacoby Elad
Published: July 2024

Illustration demonstrating structure of two reads supporting vector-related translocation
Figure S4 from Genotoxicity Associated with Retroviral CAR Transduction of ATM-Deficient T Cells
Authors: Rozenbaum Meir , Fluss Reut , Marcu-Malina Victoria , Sarouk Ifat , Meir Amilia , Elitzur Sarah , Zinger Tal , Jacob-Hirsch Jasmine , Saar Efrat G. , Rechavi Gideon , Jacoby Elad
Published: July 2024

Illustration demonstrating structure of different type of reads aligned to the CAR vector
Figure 1 from Cancer-Related Fatigue and the Additive Effect of Treatment in the Context of Lymphoma: An Analysis of the Lymphoma Coalition’s 2022 Global Patient Survey
Authors: Kalloger Steve E. , Watson Amanda , Sajkowski Shawn , Warwick Lorna
Published: July 2024

Graphical representation of the respondents to the Lymphoma Coalition’s 2022 Global Patient Survey about the incidence of fatigue as a symptom or side effect. Respondents who did not receive treatment are located on the left side of the graphic.
Table S1 from Cancer-Related Fatigue and the Additive Effect of Treatment in the Context of Lymphoma: An Analysis of the Lymphoma Coalition’s 2022 Global Patient Survey
Authors: Kalloger Steve E. , Watson Amanda , Sajkowski Shawn , Warwick Lorna
Published: July 2024

Full factorial of symptom and side-effect frequencies across subtypes.
Obstacle detection to minimize delay and Q-learning to improve routing efficiency in VANET
Authors: Dev Kishore Chandra , Barani Selvaraj
Published: July 2024

Nowadays, several service providers in urban areas significantly consider vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET). VANETs can enhance road safety, prevent accidents, and grant passengers entertainment. Though in VANET, efficient routing has remained an open problem. VANET is dynamic; the frequent update in the situation originates through several aspects, such as traffic conditions and updates in the road topology, which demand a suitably adaptive routing. The existence of blocking obstacles degrades routing approaches and increases the failure of paths. These issues build an excessive amount of resource utilization and increase network delay. To solve these issues, obstacle detection to minimize delay and Q-learning to improve routing efficiency (ODQI) in VANET is proposed. This mechanism uses the spanning tree algorithm detects the obstacle. Clustering can be used to manage the topology in VANETs. The dingo algorithm selects the best cluster head (CH) based on vehicle bandwidth, speed, and link lifespan. Furthermore, the sender forwards the traffic information from the sender to the receiver by applying a Q-learning algorithm. This learning algorithm computes the award function to choose the forwarder, improving the routing efficiency. Simulation results demonstrate that the ODQI mechanism increases the CH lifetime and minimizes the network delay.
Enhancing network lifetime in wireless sensor networks through coverage-aware optimized sensor activation
Authors: Madagouda Basavaraj K. , Sumathi Ranganathaiah
Published: July 2024

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are a pivotal technology in the modern era, enabling the monitoring and sensing of environmental conditions across vast areas with unprecedented precision and flexibility. At the heart of WSNs lie crucial challenges such as optimizing coverage, extending network lifetime, and strategizing node deployment to ensure efficient operation while conserving energy. This paper introduces the coverage-aware optimized sensor activation and deployment (CAOSAD) Strategy, a novel methodology designed to address these challenges. By integrating advanced node placement algorithms and scheduling techniques, the EcoNet lifespan maximization (ELM) strategy significantly enhances area and target coverage, minimizes energy consumption, and thereby prolongs the network’s operational lifespan. We present a comprehensive framework that dynamically adjusts node activity based on a predictive model, ensuring robust coverage and connectivity with minimal energy expenditure. Through a series of simulations, the ELM strategy demonstrates a substantial improvement in network sustainability compared to existing methodologies, offering a promising approach for the development of future WSNs. By focusing on the synergy between coverage optimization, energy-efficient node deployment, and innovative scheduling algorithms, this paper contributes a ground-breaking perspective to the research and application of WSNs, setting a new benchmark for the design of eco-friendly and durable sensing infrastructures.
MobileNet based secured compliance through open web application security projects in cloud system
Authors: Vallabhaneni Rohith , Vaddadi Srinivas A , Somanathan Pillai Sanjaikanth E. Vadakkethil , Addula Santosh Reddy , Ananthan Bhuvanesh
Published: July 2024

The daunting issues that are promptly faced worldwide are the sophisticated cyber-attacks in all kinds of organizations and applications. The development of cloud computing pushed organizations to shift their business towards the virtual machines of the cloud. Nonetheless, the lack of security throughout the programmatic and declarative levels explicitly prone to cyber-attacks in the cloud platform. The exploitation of web pages and the cloud is due to the uncrated open web application security projects (OWASP) fragilities and fragilities in the cloud containers and network resources. With the utilization of advanced hacking vectors, the attackers attack data integrity, confidentiality, and availability. Hence, it’s ineluctable to frame the application security-based technique for the reduction of attacks. In concern to this, we propose a novel Deep learning-based secured advanced web application firewall to overcome the lack of missing programmatic and declarative level securities in the application. For this, we adopted the MobileNet-based technique to ensure the assurance of security. Simulations are effectuated and analyzed the robustness with the statistical parameters such as accuracy, precision, sensitivity, and specificity and made the comparative study with the existing works. Our proposed technique surpasses all the other techniques and provides better security in the cloud.
Optimizing blockchain for healthcare IoT: a practical guide to navigating scalability, privacy, and efficiency trade-offs
Authors: Alhija Mwaffaq Abu , Al-Baik Osama , Hussein Abdelrahman , Abdeljaber Hikmat
Published: July 2024

The adoption of blockchain technology provides significant disruptive benefits to internet-of-things (IoT) applications in healthcare in vital aspects like security, integrity, transparency, and efficiency. Nevertheless, in order to fully realize the potential of blockchain-driven solutions, healthcare organizations have to address intricate compromises between essential factors including scalability, privacy and resource utilization considering that the data sensitivity alongside strict regulatory compliance requirements characterize this sector. This research discusses the fundamental aspects of these trade-offs, including the range of consensus protocols (e.g. proof-of-work, proof-of-stake) and cryptographic techniques (e.g. zero-knowledge proofs, homomorphic encryption). A systematic choice matrix is created, which relates specific use cases of the healthcare IoT to the optimal tailored blockchain structures on such critical metrics as transaction volume, frequency, privacy level and resource restrictions. The suggested framework provides solid, actionable recommendations to healthcare organizations in order to help them benefit from the enormous promise of the blockchain for connected IoT healthcare by finding a balance between decentralization advantages and performance, security and compliance requirements.
Enhancing stochastic optimization: investigating fixed points of chaotic maps for global optimization
Authors: Rani Gaddam Sandhya , Jayan Sarada , Alatas Bilal , Rajamanickam Subramani
Published: July 2024

Chaotic maps, despite their deterministic nature, can introduce controlled randomness into optimization algorithms. This chaotic map behaviour helps overcome the lack of mathematical validation in traditional stochastic methods. The chaotic optimization algorithm (COA) uses chaotic maps that help it achieve faster convergence and escape local optima. The effective use of these maps to find the global optimum would be possible only with a complete understanding of them, especially their fixed points. In chaotic maps, fixed points repeat indefinitely, disrupting the map's characteristic unpredictability. While using chaotic maps for global optimization, it is crucial to avoid starting the search at fixed points and implement corrective measures if they arise in between the sequence. This paper outlines strategies for addressing fixed points and provides a numerical evaluation (using Newton's method) of the fixed points for 20 widely used chaotic maps. By appropriately handling fixed points, researchers and practitioners across diverse fields can avoid costly failures, improve accuracy, and enhance the reliability of their systems.
Combination certainty factor method and fuzzy expert system module to determine the dose of leukemia drugs
Authors: Krisbiantoro Dwi , Wanti Linda Perdana , Adi Prasetya Nur Wachid
Published: July 2024

Leukemia is a type of blood cancer. Treatment for leukemia patients can last for years because the dose of medication given is adjusted to the patient's immune system. The aim of this research is the use of information technology through a combination of certainty factors and the development of a fuzzy expert system (FES) module to determine the therapeutic schedule for administering leukemia drugs. The urgency of this research is to help medical personnel in measuring the dose of leukemia medication to be given to patients so as to increase the cure rate for leukemia patients. The method used is certainty factor and fuzzy logic. The combination of the certainty factor method and the FES module which is carried out using input variables in the form of the severity of the leukemia suffered by the patient is to produce an appropriate therapeutic schedule for administering leukemia drugs. The result of this research is a combination of the factor certainty method and the FES module which has been tested and the accuracy level is 95.17%, the same as recommendations from experts.
The Influence of Fiscal Balance Funds and Regional Own-Source Revenues on Regional Expenditures
Authors: Kartilah Dise Apri , Witra Maison  , Nidia Anggreni Das
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between regional original income and general allocation funds as well as the spending patterns of regency and municipal administrations in West Sumatra Province from 2018 to 2022. Twenty regencies/cities and West Sumatra Province were selected for the sample using a comprehensive sampling technique within the allotted period. A t-test result of 7.788 and a significance level of 0.000 demonstrate that the General Allocation Fund does, in fact, have an effect on Regional Expenditures. There is a discrepancy between the calculated t-value (7.788) and the t-table value (1.987), which means that the significance value (0.000) is less than 0.05. There is no statistically significant relationship between regional original income and regional expenditures, as shown by the calculated t-test result of 1.389 and a significance value of 0.168. The comparison reveals that the calculated t-value (1.389) is lower than the t-table value (1.987), and that the significance value (0.168) is more than 0.05. However, Regional Expenditures are affected by both the General Allocation Fund and Regional Original Income, as shown by the F-test result of 51.233. This number is much lower than the 0.05 cutoff and higher than the 3.10 F-table value at the 0.000 level of significance.
Antecedents of Accounting Understanding with Interest as a Moderating Variable in STIE Pembangunan Tanjungpinang Students
Authors: Helen  , Fauzi  , Alamsyahbana Muhammad Isa , Ranat Mulia Pardede  , Charly Marlinda
Published: July 2024

This study aims to examine the influence of Emotional Intelligence, Intellectual Intelligence, and Spiritual Intelligence on Accounting Understanding, as well as the potential of Interest as a moderating factor. The results indicate that all three types of intelligence significantly influence accounting understanding partially. Additionally, Interest can moderate the influence of Emotional Intelligence and Spiritual Intelligence on Accounting Understanding, but not Intellectual Intelligence. These findings provide additional insights into the factors influencing accounting understanding among accounting students.
Myocardial Bridging: In-Depth Review of Coronary Anomalies
Authors: Nurudinulloh Akhmad Isna , Widito Sasmojo
Published: July 2024

Myocardial bridging (MB) is a congenital coronary anomaly where segment of the epicardial coronary artery traverses through the myocardium for a portion of its length. While traditionally regarded as a benign condition, there is a growing focus on specific subsets of MB associated with ischemic symptoms and requires treatment. Increasing attention is being given to speciﬁc subsets of MB associated with ischemic symptomatology. The emergence of modern functional and anatomical imaging techniques; coronary angiography, coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), instantaneous wave-free ratio (iFR), dan diastolic fractional flow reserve (dFFR), has improved our capacity to characterize symptoms associated with MB. In cases involving symptomatic patients, medical therapy often represents an effective treatment option. For individuals who do not respond satisfactorily to medical interventions, comprehensive multimodal assessment; percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), and myotomy should be considered.
O Engenho Central de Porto Feliz: (subsídios para o estudo dos Engenhos Centrais do Brasil no século XIX)
Authors: Souza Jonas Soares de
Published: July 2024

The main purpose of this article is to present basic facts for this study of the Engenhos Centrais no Brasil (Central Sugar Cane mills in Brazil), in this second half of XIX century. In 1875 a general law n.° 2.687, was published which, was meant to promote and develope this sugar cane industry in Brazil, and in its 2rd iten it was mentioned that the governement had authority to provide funds to ali companies which built central sugar cane mills, giving them the most advanced machineries and fabrication methods. Having received the benefits given by this law in 1878 a sugar cane mill was inaugurated, the Companhia Açucareira de Porto Feliz,the second of Brazil and the first one in the Province of São Paulo. Its modern machinary was bought from the Brissoneau Frères & Cia., a french house in Nantes and installed by André Paturau, who in 1876 was allowed by the Imperial Governement to use modern processes of his own invention and to produce sugar cane. This enterprise, however and many others in the same region failed because the country was concentrating on coffee plantation and at same time the international market was overcuowded with beet sugar produced in the Caribbean and there was no need of brasilian sugar. The Companhia Açucareira de Porto Feliz had to face several problems and financial difficueties which finally did put an end to its activities. The Engenho Central was bought by a Company in Rio de Janeiro named Companhia Engenho Central Paulista and later, bought by a French Company the Societé Sucrérie Brésiliennes, which owned already five other sugar mil's in Brazil: Piracicaba, Lorena e Vila Raffard in São Paulo and the mills of Cupim and Paraiso, in Campos in the State of Rio de Janeiro.
Socioeconomic Differences in Patient Reported Outcome Measures 3 Months After Stroke: A Nationwide Swedish Register-Based Study
Authors: Lindmark Anita , von Euler Mia , Glader Eva-Lotta , Sunnerhagen Katharina S. , Eriksson Marie
Published: July 2024

BACKGROUND:

There is a well-known association between low socioeconomic status (SES), poor survival, and clinician-reported outcomes after stroke. We aimed to assess socioeconomic differences in Patient Reported Outcome Measures 3 months after stroke.

METHODS:

This nationwide cohort study included patients registered with acute stroke in the Swedish Stroke Register 2015–2017. Patient Reported Outcome Measures included activities of daily living (mobility, toileting, and dressing), and poststroke symptoms (low mood, fatigue, pain, and poor general health). Information on SES prestroke was retrieved from Statistics Sweden and defined by a composite measure based on education and income tertiles. Associations between SES and Patient Reported Outcome Measures were analyzed using logistic regression adjusting for confounders (sex and age) and additionally for potential mediators (stroke type, severity, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and living alone). Subgroup analyses were performed for stroke type, men and women, and younger and older patients.

RESULTS:

The study included 44 511 patients. Of these, 31.1% required assistance with mobility, 18% with toileting, and 22.2% with dressing 3 months after stroke. For poststroke symptoms, 12.3% reported low mood, 39.1% fatigue, and 22.7% pain often/constantly, while 21.4% rated their general health as poor/very poor. Adjusted for confounders, the odds of needing assistance with activities of daily living were highest for patients with low income and primary school education, for example, for mobility, odds ratio was 2.06 (95% CI, 1.89–2.24) compared with patients with high income and university education. For poststroke symptoms, odds of poor outcome were highest for patients with low income and university education (eg, odds ratio, 1.79 [95% CI, 1.49–2.15] for low mood). Adjustments for potential mediators attenuated but did not remove associations. The associations were similar in ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes and more pronounced in men and patients <65 years old.

CONCLUSIONS:

There are substantial SES-related differences in Patient Reported Outcome Measures poststroke. The more severe outcome associated with low SES is more pronounced in men and in patients of working age.
The enigmatic Notolathrus sensitivus Remes Lenicov, 1992 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Cixiidae): supplementary description and conservation status
Authors: SANTOS JÚLIO CÉSAR DO CARMO VAZ , IURI HERNÁN AUGUSTO , HOCH HANNELORE , FERREIRA RODRIGO LOPES
Published: July 2024

Notolathrus sensitivus holds the distinction of being the first cave-restricted planthopper species documented in South America, and currently stands as the sole known troglobitic Fulgoromorpha species in Argentina. This paper presents a comprehensive supplementary description of N. sensitivus, incorporating newly collected male and female specimens. Notably, this study provides the first-ever description of females for this species. In addition to photographs of structural details, we include images showcasing live specimens within their natural habitat. Furthermore, we highlight the primary threats that pose risks to the species’ survival. Based on these significant findings, we strongly advocate for the inclusion of N. sensitivus on the Argentine endangered species list, emphasizing the urgent need for conservation measures.
Two new species of Aphlugiolopsis (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Meconematinae) from Yunnan, China
Authors: CUI ZHENZHEN , BIAN XUN
Published: July 2024

This paper proposed two new species from Yunnan Province, China. All the descriptions and morphological illustrations of two new species were provided based on the specimens deposited in Guangxi Normal University.
How Well Do Seasonal Climate Anomalies Match Expected El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Impacts?
Authors: L’Heureux Michelle L. , Harnos Daniel S. , Becker Emily , Brettschneider Brian , Chen Mingyue , Johnson Nathaniel C. , Kumar Arun , Tippett Michael K.
Published: July 2024

Did the strong 2023–24 El Niño live up to the hype? While climate prediction is inherently probabilistic, many users compare El Niño events against a deterministic map of expected impacts (e.g., wetter or drier regions). Here, using this event as a guide, we show that no El Niño perfectly matches the ideal image and that observed anomalies will only partially match what was anticipated. In fact, the degree to which the climate anomalies match the expected ENSO impacts tends to scale with the strength of the event. The 2023–24 event generally matched well with ENSO expectations around the United States. However, this will not always be the case, as the analysis shows larger deviations from the historical ENSO pattern of impacts are commonplace, with some climate variables more prone to inconsistencies (e.g., temperature) than others (e.g., precipitation). Users should incorporate this inherent uncertainty in their risk and decision-making analysis.
Lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 inhibition: a potential treatment target for pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Volkmann Elizabeth R. , Denton Christopher P. , Kolb Martin , Wijsenbeek-Lourens Marlies S. , Emson Claire , Hudson Krischan , Amatucci Anthony J. , Distler Oliver , Allanore Yannick , Khanna Dinesh
Published: July 2024

Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA)-mediated activation of LPA receptor 1 (LPAR1) contributes to the pathophysiology of fibrotic diseases such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and systemic sclerosis (SSc). These diseases are associated with high morbidity and mortality despite current treatment options. The LPA-producing enzyme autotaxin (ATX) and LPAR1 activation contribute to inflammation and mechanisms underlying fibrosis in preclinical fibrotic models. Additionally, elevated levels of LPA have been detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with IPF and in serum from patients with SSc. Thus, ATX and LPAR1 have gained considerable interest as pharmaceutical targets to combat fibrotic disease and inhibitors of these targets have been investigated in clinical trials for IPF and SSc. The goals of this review are to summarise the current literature on ATX and LPAR1 signalling in pulmonary fibrosis and to help differentiate the novel inhibitors in development. The mechanisms of action of ATX and LPAR1 inhibitors are described and preclinical studies and clinical trials of these agents are outlined. Because of their contribution to numerous physiologic events underlying fibrotic disease, ATX and LPAR1 inhibition presents a promising therapeutic strategy for IPF, SSc and other fibrotic diseases that may fulfil unmet needs of the current standard of care.
Protected characteristics reported in pulmonary rehabilitation: a scoping review
Authors: Drover Holly , Gardiner Lucy , Singh Sally J. , Evans Rachael A. , Daynes Enya , Orme Mark W.
Published: July 2024

Background:

An individual's characteristics are reported to influence access, completion and outcomes of pulmonary rehabilitation and may contribute to health inequalities. Many countries have policies to promote equity among individuals’ characteristics, including the UK Equality Act 2010 which lists nine protected characteristics (age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, pregnancy and maternity, race, religion or belief, sex and sexual orientation).

Objectives:

To describe the extent to which UK Equality Act 2010 protected characteristics have been collected and reported in UK studies and audits of pulmonary rehabilitation.

Methods:

A scoping review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses for Scoping Reviews guidelines was conducted using five databases. UK studies and audits collecting data on pulmonary rehabilitation from 1 October 2010 (date of Equality Act 2010 inception) were eligible. The protected characteristics collected and how they were reported were extracted.

Results:

Out of 45 included studies and audits (41 studies and four audits), 98% (k=44) reported age. Sex was reported in 40% (k=18), and 20% (k=9) reported gender with only male and female categories. Half (50%, k=2) of audits reported gender with male, female and transgender categories. Race was reported through ethnicity in 2% (k=1) of studies and 75% (k=3) of audits. No studies or audits explicitly reported disability, but all reported measures indicating disease severity (e.g.forced expiratory volume in 1 s % predicted: 67%, k=30). No studies or audits reported marriage and civil partnership, pregnancy and maternity, religion or belief or sexual orientation.

Conclusions:

Protected characteristics are not commonly reported or are inconsistently reported in UK pulmonary rehabilitation studies and audits. Without reporting these characteristics, health inequalities in pulmonary rehabilitation will remain unclear.
Diverging patterns in innate immunity against respiratory viruses during a lifetime: lessons from the young and the old
Authors: Smits Hermelijn H. , Jochems Simon P.
Published: July 2024

Respiratory viral infections frequently lead to severe respiratory disease, particularly in vulnerable populations such as young children, individuals with chronic lung conditions and older adults, resulting in hospitalisation and, in some cases, fatalities. The innate immune system plays a crucial role in monitoring for, and initiating responses to, viruses, maintaining a state of preparedness through the constant expression of antimicrobial defence molecules. Throughout the course of infection, innate immunity remains actively involved, contributing to viral clearance and damage control, with pivotal contributions from airway epithelial cells and resident and newly recruited immune cells. In instances where viral infections persist or are not effectively eliminated, innate immune components prominently contribute to the resulting pathophysiological consequences. Even though both young children and older adults are susceptible to severe respiratory disease caused by various respiratory viruses, the underlying mechanisms may differ significantly. Children face the challenge of developing and maturing their immunity, while older adults contend with issues such as immune senescence and inflammaging. This review aims to compare the innate immune responses in respiratory viral infections across both age groups, identifying common central hubs that could serve as promising targets for innovative therapeutic and preventive strategies, despite the apparent differences in underlying mechanisms.
Lipopeptides from Bacillus velezensis ZLP-101 and their mode of action against bean aphids Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris
Authors: Liu Qiuyue , Zhao Wenya , Li Wenya , Zhang Feiyan , Wang Yana , Wang Jiangping , Gao Yumeng , Liu Hongwei , Zhang Liping
Published: July 2024

Background

Natural products are important sources for the discovery of new biopesticides to control the worldwide destructive pests Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris. Here, insecticidal substances were discovered and characterized from the secondary metabolites of the bio-control microorganism Bacillus velezensis strain ZLP-101, as informed by whole-genome sequencing and analysis.

Results

The genome was annotated, revealing the presence of four potentially novel gene clusters and eight known secondary metabolite synthetic gene clusters. Crude extracts, prepared through ammonium sulfate precipitation, were used to evaluate the effects of strain ZLP-101 on Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris aphid pests via exposure experiments. The half lethal concentration (LC50) of the crude extract from strain ZLP-101 against aphids was 411.535 mg/L. Preliminary exploration of the insecticidal mechanism revealed that the crude extract affected aphids to a greater extent through gastric poisoning than through contact. Further, the extracts affected enzymatic activities, causing holes to form in internal organs along with deformation, such that normal physiological activities could not be maintained, eventually leading to death. Isolation and purification of extracellular secondary metabolites were conducted in combination with mass spectrometry analysis to further identify the insecticidal components of the crude extracts. A total of 15 insecticidal active compounds were identified including iturins, fengycins, surfactins, and spergualins. Further insecticidal experimentation revealed that surfactin, iturin, and fengycin all exhibited certain aphidicidal activities, and the three exerted synergistic lethal effects.

Conclusions

This study improved the available genomic resources for B. velezensis and serves as a foundation for comprehensive studies of the insecticidal mechanism by Bacillus velezensis ZLP-101 in addition to the active components within biological control strains.
Optimizing water relations, gas exchange parameters, biochemical attributes and yield of water-stressed maize plants through seed priming with iron oxide nanoparticles
Authors: Mazhar Muhammad Waqas , Ishtiaq Muhammad , Maqbool Mehwish , Muzammil Khursheed , Mohieldin Ali , Dawria Adam , Altijani Abdelrhman Ahmed Galaleldin , Salih Ahmed , Ali Omar Yousof M. , Elzaki Ahmed Abdelgadir Mohamed , Adam Bhgah I. Yusuf , Adam Hamza Abdullah M.
Published: July 2024

Drought poses significant risks to maize cultivation by impairing plant growth, water uptake and yield; nano priming offers a promising avenue to mitigate these effects by enhancing plant water relations, stress tolerance and overall productivity. In the current experiment, we tested a hypothesis that seed priming with iron oxide nanoparticles (n-Fe2O3) can improve maize performance under water stress by improving its growth, water relations, yield and biochemical attributes. The experiment was conducted on a one main plot bisected into two subplots corresponding to the water and drought environments. Within each subplot, maize plants were raised from n-Fe2O3 primed seeds corresponding to 0 mg. L− 1 (as control treatment), 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg. L− 1 (as trial treatments). Seed priming with n-Fe2O3 at a concentration of 75 mg. L− 1 improved the leaf relative water content, water potential, photosynthetic water use efficiency, and leaf intrinsic water use efficiency of maize plants by 13%, 44%, 64% and 17%, respectively compared to control under drought stress. The same treatments improved plant biochemical attributes such as total chlorophyll content, total flavonoids and ascorbic acid by 37%, 22%, and 36%, respectively. Seed priming with n-Fe2O3 accelerated the functioning of antioxidant enzymes such as SOD and POD and depressed the levels of leaf malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide significantly. Seed priming with n-Fe2O3 at a concentration of 75 mg. L− 1 improved cob length, number of kernel rows per cob, and 100 kernel weight by 59%, 27% and 33%, respectively, under drought stress. Seed priming with n-Fe2O3 can be used to increase maize production under limited water scenarios.
Pulmonary embolism in patients with chronic coronary syndrome masquerading as acute coronary syndrome: a case report and literature review
Authors: Chen Yun-Hu , Zhu Xing-Yu , Fan Li-Hua , Xu Hong-Feng
Published: July 2024

Background

Pulmonary embolisms (PEs) exhibit clinical features similar to those of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), including electrocardiographic abnormalities and elevated troponin levels, which frequently lead to misdiagnoses in emergency situations.

Case presentation

Here, we report a case of PE coinciding with chronic coronary syndrome in which the patient’s condition was obscured by symptoms mimicking ACS. A 68-year-old female with syncope presented to the hospital. Upon admission, she was found to have elevated troponin levels and an electrocardiogram showing ST-segment changes across multiple leads, which initially led to a diagnosis of ACS. Emergency coronary arteriography revealed occlusion of the posterior branches of the left ventricle of the right coronary artery, but based on the complexity of the intervention, the occlusion was considered chronic rather than acute. On the 3rd day after admission, the patient experienced recurrent chest tightness and shortness of breath, which was confirmed as acute PE by emergency computed tomography pulmonary angiography. Following standardized anticoagulation treatment, the patient improved and was subsequently discharged.

Conclusions

This case report highlights the importance of recognizing the nonspecific features of PE. Clinicians should be vigilant when identifying other clinical features that are difficult to explain accompanying the expected disease, and it is necessary to carefully identify the causes to prevent missed diagnoses or misdiagnoses.
Exploring the mystical relationship between the Moon, Sun, and birth rate
Authors: Londero Ambrogio P. , Bertozzi Serena , Messina Gabriele , Xholli Anjeza , Michelerio Virginia , Mariuzzi Laura , Prefumo Federico , Cagnacci Angelo
Published: July 2024

Objective

The Moon has a noticeable influence on the Earth due to its gravity, the most visible manifestation of which are tides. We aimed to see if the Moon’s daily cycle, like the Sun’s, affects the prevalence and incidence of childbirth.

Methods

In this retrospective cohort study, we examined all deliveries at the Academic Hospital of Udine between 2001 and 2019. All consecutive singleton pregnancies with spontaneous labor and vaginal delivery were included.

Results

During the period, 13,349 singleton pregnancies with spontaneous labor and vaginal delivery were delivered in 6939 days. A significantly higher prevalence of deliveries was found with the Moon above the horizon (50.63% vs. 49.37%, p < 0.05). Moreover, during the day, there was a significantly higher prevalence of deliveries than during nighttime (53.74% vs. 45.79%, p < 0.05). Combining the Moon and Sun altitude, the majority of deliveries were registered when both were above the horizon (27.39% vs. 26.13%, 23.25%, or 23.24%, p < 0.05). These findings were confirmed in multivariate analysis after adjusting for parity, gestational age, or season. We found no correlation between birth and the Moon phase.

Conclusions

Our data support the interaction of the Moon and the Sun in determining the time of birth. More research is needed to understand these phenomena and improve our understanding of labor initiation mechanisms.
Clinical effect of modified anterolateral acromioarthroplasty during arthroscopic rotator cuff repair
Authors: Zhou Yongwei , Kang Jiayu , Yang Qining
Published: July 2024

Background

This study aimed to compare the clinical effect of modified anterolateral and traditional acromioplasty in arthroscopic rotator cuff repair.

Methods

The clinical data of 92 patients with total rotator cuff tears admitted to the Department of Joint Surgery of Jinhua Central Hospital from January 2016 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 42 patients underwent traditional acromioplasty during arthroscopic rotator cuff repair, and 50 underwent modified anterolateral acromioplasty. Patients were evaluated for preoperative and postoperative shoulder function, pain and critical shoulder angle, and incidence of rotator cuff re-tear at 12 months postoperatively.

Results

The preoperative general data of patients in the classic and modified anterolateral acromioplasty groups did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) and were comparable. The UCLA, ASES, and Constant shoulder joint scores were significantly improved in both groups. The VAS score was significantly decreased at 12 months postoperative than preoperative, with a statistically significant difference (P ≤ 0.05). Shoulder function and pain scores did not differ significantly between the two groups at 12 months postoperatively (P > 0.05). The CSA did not differ significantly between preoperative and postoperative 12 months in the traditional acromioplasty group (P > 0.05). However, 12 months postoperative CSA in the modified anterolateral acromioplasty group was significantly smaller than the preoperative CSA, with a statistically significant difference (P ≤ 0.05). The rates of rotator cuff re-tears were 16.67% (7/42) and 4% (2/50) in the two groups at 12 months postoperatively, respectively, with statistically significant differences (P ≤ 0.05).

Conclusions

Traditional and modified anterolateral acromioplasty while treating total rotator cuff tears using arthroscopic rotator cuff repair significantly improves shoulder joint function. However, modified anterolateral acromioplasty significantly reduced the CSA value and decreased the incidence of rotator cuff re-tears.