bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Metformin Regulates the Proliferation and Motility of Melanoma Cells by Modulating the LINC00094/miR-1270 Axis
Authors: Tsai Kuo-Wan , Liao Jia-Bin , Tseng Hui-Wen
Published: July 2024

Background
Melanoma is an aggressive tumor with a high mortality rate. Metformin, a commonly prescribed diabetes medication, has shown promise in cancer prevention and treatment. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-protein-coding RNA molecules that play a key role in tumor development by interacting with cellular chromatins. Despite the benefits of metformin, the anticancer mechanism underlying its effect on the regulation of lncRNAs in melanoma remains unclear.
Methods
We investigated the lncRNA profiles of human melanoma cells with and without metformin treatment using a next-generation sequencing approach (NGS). Utilizing public databases, we analyzed the expression levels and clinical impacts of LINC00094 and miR-1270 in melanoma. The expression levels of LINC00094 and miR-1270 were verified in human cell lines and clinical samples by real-time PCR and in situ hybridization. The biological roles of LINC00094 and miR-1270 in cell growth, proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis, and motility were studied using in vitro assays.
Results
We identify a novel long noncoding RNA, namely LINC00094, whose expression considerably decreased in melanoma cells after metformin treatment. In situ hybridization analysis revealed substantially higher LINC00094 levels in cutaneous melanoma tissue compared with adjacent normal epidermis and normal control tissue. A marginal association was observed between elevated LINC00094 expression and poor overall survival in nondiabetic patients with melanoma. Coexpression analysis of LINC00094 indicated its involvement in the mitochondrial respiratory pathway, with its knockdown suppressing genes associated with mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, antioxidant production, and metabolite levels. Functional analysis revealed that LINC00094 silencing inhibited the proliferation, colony formation, invasion, and migration of melanoma cells. Cell cycle analysis revealed G1 phase arrest following LINC00094 knockdown, with reduced cell cycle protein expression. Combined TargetScan and reporter assays revealed a direct link between miR-1270 and LINC00094. Ectopic miR-1270 expression inhibited melanoma cell growth and motility while inducing apoptosis.
Conclusions
Overall, LINC00094 expression may regulate melanoma cell growth and motility by modulating the expression of miR-1270, indicating its therapeutic potential in melanoma treatment.
Design of waveguide with double-layer diffractive optical elements for augmented reality displays
Authors: Zhang Jiahang , Liu Siqi , Zhang Wei , Jiang Sijia , Ma Ding , Xu Liang , Yang Mingyu , Jiao Qingbin , Tan Xin
Published: July 2024

We investigated a diffraction optical waveguide structure with a double-layer coupling configuration. This double-layer-coupled diffraction optical waveguide structure modulates light information through wavefront modulation for propagation within the optical waveguide and then reproduces the light information through further wavefront modulation, thus achieving optical information transmission. Analysis and simulation results indicate that the theoretical maximum field of view can reach 90° × 90°. With an actual field of view set to 53° × 53°, an entrance pupil size of 3.2 × 3.2 mm², an eye relief of 10 mm, and 50 pupil expansions, the system’s total energy transmission efficiency is 37%, with field of view uniformity at 91% and uniformity within the eye movement range reaching 97%.
Research on contact resistance modeling of carbon brush and slip-ring system in Doubly-fed wind turbines under marine environment
Authors: Zhao Shuai , zhang juntao , zhao lala , yang zhihua , wang huanping , zhou hongfang
Published: July 2024

The working environment of carbon brush and slip-ring is poor in the marine environment, and salt spray deposition causes a change in contact surface and contact resistance. It is necessary to investigate the mathematical model of contact resistance in the marine environment in order to measure the electrical contact performance of carbon brush and slip-ring. The main factors influencing brush slip ring contact resistance are salt spray concentration, sliding speed, contact current, and contact pressure. The changing trends of dynamic contact resistance with these four factors were studied and the action mechanism were analyzed by testing the contact resistance under different salt spray concentrations, sliding speed, contact current, and contact pressure. The results indicate that as the concentration of salt spray increases, so does the contact resistance, and the upward trend continues. The contact resistance gradually increases with increasing sliding speed, and the change trend is gradual. The contact resistance gradually decreases with increasing contact pressure, and the trend is gradual. The contact resistance decreases as the contact current increases, and the decrease is gradual. The sliding electrical contact resistance model related to salt spray concentration, sliding speed, contact current, and contact pressure was established based on the experimental results. The experimental results show that the model can be used to calculate the sliding electrical contact resistance in an ocean environment under various working conditions.
Deep-sea benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from Antarctic submarine ridges off the Ross Sea (Antarctica)
Authors: Cantero Álvaro Luis Peña
Published: July 2024

Knowledge of benthic hydroids inhabiting the Antarctic continental shelf waters, particularly of relatively well-studied areas, has increased in recent years. This has allowed us to recognise them as one of the main and most characteristic zoological groups of the Antarctic benthos. However, little is known about the hydroids dwelling on the continental slope or deeper waters, let alone on bottoms away from the Antarctic continent, despite the fact that the Southern Ocean extends significantly norhwards. This study contributes to reducing that knowledge gap by studying material collected from a series of deep-sea ridges north of the Ross Sea, from which hydrozoans have never been reported. Twelve species, including Halecium divergens sp. nov., have been found and studied. Except for Turritopsis sp., belonging to the Anthoathecata family Oceaniidae, all species belong to Leptothecata, in particular to the families Campanulariidae, Haleciidae, Lafoeidae, Phylactothecidae, Sertularellidae and Symplectoscyphidae. Lafoeidae is the most represented family with four species. Sertularella pseudovervoorti and Filellum liberum are found for the second time. The discovery of Symplectoscyphus frondosus, a species previously considered endemic to the shelf and slope of the eastern Ross Sea, significantly extends its known northern distribution limit. Tulpa diverticulata and the genus Tulpa are reported in Antarctic waters for the first time. The lower limit of the bathymetric range for several species has been extended. Despite being well within Antarctic waters, the studied area hosts a very distinctive fauna, markedly different from the typical Antarctic benthic hydroid fauna. Its endemisms, the presence of species unknown in the Antarctic region and the absence of representatives of the most characteristic Antarctic genera account for its originality.
Impact of surface quality on the identification of tropical wood species using benchtop and portable NIR instruments
Authors: Huancas Samuel , Medeiros Dayane Targino , Dias Thalles Loiola , Madeira Clinton Horácio , Ferreira Cassiana Alves , Hein Paulo Ricardo Gherardi
Published: July 2024

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis has proven to be a fast and efficient method for identifying wood species. Despite significant technical advances in recent years, challenges remain that limit its application in field conditions, particularly the influence of sample surface preparation on the performance of classification models. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of wood surface quality on the performance of NIR instruments in identifying tropical wood species. Wood samples were collected from fields and log yards and prepared using different tools. NIR spectra were recorded using portable and benchtop NIR instruments on the transverse surfaces of wood specimens subjected to five treatments: (1) field conditions (untreated), (2) chainsaw, (3) circular saw, (4) bandsaw, and (5) sandpaper. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) were performed using the NIR signatures. Spectra collected from surfaces prepared with a circular saw and sandpaper showed clearer groupings in the PCA score plot, facilitating the identification of distinct wood species. Cross-validated PLS-DA models showed high success rates, with classification accuracies ranging from 95.3% to 99.2% for untreated, circular saw, bandsaw, and sanded surfaces. Wood surfaces prepared with a chainsaw yielded lower classification accuracies: 88.7% for benchtop and 92.8% for portable NIR sensors. These results highlight the potential of NIR spectroscopy for classifying tropical woods, even when surface quality varies.
Evaluation of extreme precipitation events as simulated by CMIP6 models over Central Africa: spatial variability
Authors: Komelo Crépin K. , Fotso-Nguemo Thierry C. , Ngavom Zakariahou , Dessacka Abdon K. , Taguela Thierry N. , Yepdo Zéphirin D. , Nghonda Jean P. , Diedhiou Arona , Monkam David , Tchawoua Clément
Published: July 2024

Extreme precipitation events have substantial implications for water resources, ecosystems, and human populations in Central Africa (CA). Consequently, understanding the spatial variability of these events is crucial for effective climate change adaptation and water management strategies. In this study, we assess the performance of the state-of-the-art global climate models from Phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) in simulating extreme precipitation events over CA. By considering three observational datasets, we evaluated the ability of sixteen CMIP6 models as well their multi-model ensemble-mean (MME), to capture the patterns of extreme precipitation events. We then focus on key metrics such as duration and intensity, based on a total of ten indices of extreme precipitation events, defined by the Expert Team on Climate Change Detection and Indices (ETCCDI). The results showed that the individual models as well as the MME exhibited acceptable performance in reproducing the patterns of extreme precipitation events, especially when dealing with wet-day amount, frequency, dry spells duration and persistence of extreme precipitation. Moreover, the analyses revealed that CMIP6 models generally have great difficulty in simulating not only the wet spells duration, but also heavy precipitation indices, highlighting the remaining challenges in reproducing local-scale processes governing precipitation variability and extremes precipitation events over the region. The results of this study provide an understanding of both the strengths and limitations of the CMIP6 models over CA, which would help to improve regional climate projections and strengthen the ability of decision makers to assess the future risks associated with extreme precipitation events in the region.
A double knockout for zinc transporter 8 and somatostatin in mice reveals their distinct roles in regulation of insulin secretion and obesity
Authors: Yang Zhongyue , Kirschke Catherine P. , Cai Yimeng , Huang Liping
Published: July 2024

Background
Both zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) and somatostatin (Sst) play crucial roles in the regulation of insulin and glucagon secretion. However, the interaction between them in controlling glucose metabolism was not well understood. The aim of this study was to explore the interactive effects of a double knockout of Znt8 and Sst on insulin and glucose metabolism in mice.
Methods
Co-expression of ZnT8 with hormones secreted from gastrointestinal endocrine cells of mice was determined using immunofluorescence. Male Znt8 knockout (Znt8KO), Sst knockout (SstKO), double knockout for Sst and Znt8 (DKO), and the wild-type (WT) mice were fed a regular chow diet (CD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) at 3 weeks old for 15 weeks. Weights and fasting or fed glucose levels were determined. Glucose and insulin tolerance tests were performed; metabolic-relevant hormone levels including insulin, glucagon, glucagon-like peptide 1, Pyy, and leptin were determined.
Results
ZnT8 is co-expressed with Sst in a subpopulation of endocrine D cells in the gastrointestinal tract. The absence of ZnT8 expression resulted in an increased density of the dense cores in the secretory granules of the D cell. DKO mice had reduced weight compared to WT when maintained on the CD. Compared to Znt8KO and SstKO, DKO mice did not show significant differences in fed or fasting blood glucose level regardless of dietary conditions. However, the CD-fed DKO mice had impaired insulin secretion without alterations in islet morphology or numbers. Moreover, DKO mice displayed diet-induced insulin resistance and disrupted secretion of metabolic-related hormones.
Conclusions
Somatostatin as well as a normal insulin sensitivity are required for normalizing glucose metabolism in Znt8KO mice. ZnT8 may play a role in regulating fat mass and leptin secretion. These findings shed light on the multifaceted nature of Znt8 and Sst interactions, opening new avenues to understand their roles in controlling glucose metabolism and fat mass.
Veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation uses in trauma: a retrospective analysis of the Japanese nationwide trauma registry
Authors: Akutsu Tomohiro , Endo Akira , Yamamoto Ryo , Yamakawa Kazuma , Suzuki Keisuke , Hoshi Hiromasa , Otomo Yasuhiro , Morishita Koji
Published: July 2024

Purpose
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can provide temporary circulatory support and vital organ oxygenation and is potentially useful as a bridge therapy in some trauma cases. This study aimed to demonstrate the characteristics and outcomes of patients with trauma treated with veno-arterial ECMO (VA-ECMO) using data from a Japanese nationwide trauma registry.
Methods
This retrospective descriptive study analyzed data from the Japan Trauma Data Bank between January 2019 and December 2021. Patients with trauma with injury severity score (ISS) ≥ 9 and treated using VA-ECMO were assessed.
Results
Out of 72,439 severe trauma cases, 51 received VA-ECMO, with a survival rate of 31.3%. Both survivor and non-survivor groups showed a median ISS of 25, with thoracic trauma being the most prevalent. Cardiac arrest occurred in 37.5% of survivors and 42.9% of non-survivors upon hospital arrival. Non-survivors underwent interventions such as open-chest cardiopulmonary resuscitation, aortic cross-clamping, and resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion more frequently. Peripheral oxygen saturation tended to be lower in survivors.
Conclusion
The study suggests the potential benefits of VA-ECMO in challenging trauma cases. Further research is needed to refine indications for VA-ECMO in patients with trauma.
The double-edged sword of transforming growth factor β 1: a systematic review of pre-clinical stroke models
Authors: Hewitt Benjamin , Ali Myah , Hubbard Jessica , Hill Lisa , Botfield Hannah
Published: July 2024

Stroke is a leading cause of death, with those that survive often suffering significant disability. Strokes are classified as ischemic, occlusion of a blood vessel leading to reduction in cerebral blood flow, or hemorrhagic, the rupture of a vessel causing bleeding into the brain. Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), a pleiotropic cytokine, has been investigated in stroke due to its wide-ranging effects on proliferation, extracellular matrix deposition and inflammation. This systematic review examined the role of TGF-β1 in pre-clinical studies of both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
A search was performed across PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus, including English-language animal studies which examined TGF-β1 signaling as an outcome or intervention. 89 studies were ultimately included: 68 ischemic and 21 hemorrhagic stroke. Studies were assessed for bias following the SYRCLE guidelines for pre-clinical studies, followed by extraction of the methodology and the role of TGF-β1.
Compliance with SYRCLE guidelines was found to be low and the methodological approaches for creating stroke models were variable. A range of interventions were shown to modify TGF-β1 expression or signaling, with exogenous TGF-β1 improving outcomes in all included ischemic stroke studies. TGF-β1 was found to play a protective role in 76% of ischemic stroke studies whereas it was only protective in 33% of hemorrhagic stroke studies, with likely involvement in fibrosis development in the latter.
Our findings suggest a marked difference in the function of TGF-β1 between these types of stroke, and it is hypothesized that blood cytotoxicity following hemorrhagic stroke may generate a more sustained expression of TGF-β1 than seen in ischemic stroke. This may lead to TGF-β1 mediated fibrosis and post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus, as opposed to the neuroprotective role played by the same molecule following ischemic stroke. These findings highlight the possible clinical utility of exogenous TGF-β1 therapies after ischemic stroke, and TGF-β1 inhibitors after hemorrhagic stroke, to reduce morbidity and disability caused by these events.
Transcriptome Profiling of Adolescents and Young Adults Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: Unveiling Developmental Differences in Lymph Node Metastasis
Authors: WANG wangbo@fjmu.edu.cn , ao wei , wang Si-Si , Chen Shu-Qian , Huang Wen-Yu , Ge Zhi-Wen , Li Meng-Yao , Wang Jun , Tang Zhi-Han , Liu Teng-Hong , Chen Yu-han , Zhuang Cong-Wen , Lin Xuan , Zhao Wen-Xin
Published: July 2024

Purpose: Adolescents and Young Adults (AYA) with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) exhibit more aggressive metastatic features compared to Adults (AD), despite generally low tumor proliferation. This study aims to identify molecular differences between AYA and AD PTC through transcriptome analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC), and to understand the increased aggressiveness in AYA.
Experimental Design: RNA sequencing was performed on PTC samples from 501 patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), divided into AYA (15-30 years) and AD (≥30 years) groups. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between tumor and normal tissues and between age groups. These DEGs were validated in an independent cohort of 13 patients (7 AYA, 6 AD) using RNA sequencing and IHC. Functional enrichment analyses identified significant pathways associated with these DEGs.
Results: We identified 239 core DEGs between AYA and AD PTC. Functional enrichment analysis highlighted the importance of cell adhesion, ion transmembrane transport, and cell signal transduction in tumor invasion. Key genes in AYA, including upregulated CXCR4, OPCML, and S100A2, and downregulated ATP1A3, CHL1, HLA-DRA, and IL-1 Beta, are crucial for tumor high invasiveness. IL-1 Beta, CXCR4, HLA-DRA are associated with immune cell infiltration.
Conclusions: PTC in AYA patients shows distinct molecular profiles characterized by high metastatic potential. Incorporating age-specific molecular markers into clinical management could improve diagnostic accuracy and personalize treatment strategies for AYA patients. Future research should validate these findings in larger cohorts and explore the therapeutic potential of these markers.
Who cares first? A MAIHDA analysis of intersectional inequalities in the age of caregiving onset using European longitudinal data
Authors: Alonso-Perez Enrique , O’Sullivan Julie Lorraine , Schnitzer Susanne , Schmitz Alina , Brandt Martina , Gellert Paul
Published: July 2024

Caregiving for older relatives is central for many people's lives in aging societies. The timing of caregiving onset significantly influences caregivers' health, social, and employment trajectories. However, the age at which family caregiving begins and its potential social and intersectional stratification have not been sufficiently explored. Using data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), we analysed individuals becoming daily caregivers between waves 1 and 9 (ages 50–95). We applied Multilevel Analysis of Individual Heterogeneity and Discriminatory Accuracy (MAIHDA) to determine intersectional inequalities in the age of caregiving onset, separately for intragenerational (partner, siblings) and intergenerational (parents, in-laws) caregiving. We created 48 intersectional strata with combinations of sex/gender, migration background, education, and occupation. Intragenerational care onset was at 70.18 years on average (N = 10,146), with 11 years of difference between strata. Intersectional strata explained substantial variation in onset age (VPC = 7.14%), and 10% of these differences were due to intersectional interaction effects. Intergenerational care (N = 3,966) began earlier at 59.56 years on average, with a difference of over 4 years between strata. Most between-strata variation was additive. For both intra- and intergenerational care, combinations of women with low-skill occupations and high education were associated with earlier caregiving onset. We found large differences in the age of caregiving onset between intersectional strata in both intra- and intergenerational care. Mapping social heterogeneity and the intersectional nature of caregiving onset within the life-course is critical to further understand the prerequisites, meaning, and consequences for family caregivers.
Rate and growth limits and the role of geologic carbon storage in meeting climate targets
Authors: Fuhrman Jay , Lane Joe , McJeon Haewon , Edwards Morgan , Thomas Zachary , Edmonds James
Published: July 2024

CO2 capture and storage (CCS) in geologic reservoirs is expected to play a large role in low-emissions scenarios that comply with the Paris Agreement, especially its aspirational 1.5 ⁰C goal. Yet these scenarios are often overly optimistic regarding near-term CCS deployments. They have also failed to consider regional differences in capacity to deploy large-scale subsurface CO2 injection. Here, we quantify a range of regionally explicit scalability rates for CCS and use these to update a leading integrated energy-economy model. We then evaluate implications for Paris-compliant emissions trajectories, energy mix, use of rate-limited storage capacity, and mitigation costs. Under limited CCS ramp-up rates, deployment in 2100 could be reduced by a factor of 5, with a factor of 20 reduction at mid-century under a below 2 ⁰C emissions trajectory. Residual use of oil, gas, and coal in a below-2⁰C scenario could also be reduced by nearly 50%. However, sustained efforts to rapidly scale CCS could reduce transition costs by nearly $12 trillion (20%) globally, with cost reductions most heavily concentrated in regions such as China and India. Delaying mitigation in anticipation of unconstrained CCS scaling that in fact proceeds far more slowly results in + 0.15 ⁰C higher temperatures in 2100. In contrast, aggressive emissions cuts in anticipation of slower CCS scaling that subsequently far exceeds expectations results in lower peak temperatures and help de-risk efforts to meet the 1.5 ⁰C goal.
The influence of different types and doses of fertilizers on the formation of the structure of the yield of soft winter wheat variety ‘KWS Emil’ and line ‘Prino’
Authors: Hospodarenko H. M. , Liubych V. V. , Silifonov T. V.
Published: July 2024

Purpose. To study the development of the yield structure of soft winter wheat varieties of different maturity under different types and doses of fertilizer. Methods. Studies on the development of the yield structure of soft winter wheat as a function of variety and fertilizer were carried out at the Uman National University of Horticulture in 2020–2022. Results. The soft winter wheat variety ‘KWS Emil’ formed the maximum number of stems in the phase of  in all years of research – 693–948 pcs/m2 depending on the experimental variant. The phase of BBCH 50 in 2020 was characterized by a decrease in the number of stems to 533–639 pcs/m2 (or 1.5–1.6 times compared to BBCH 30), BBCH 93 – by an increase from 513 (in the control variant, without fertilizer) to 584–616 pcs/m2 (with the introduction of 75–150 kg/ha of nitrogen fertilizer per year). In the control variant, the average (for three years of research) weight of grains per ear of the variety ‘KWS Emil’ was 1.29 g. With the application of 75 kg/ha of nitrogen ferti­lizer, it increased to 1.39 g; N75P30K40 – to 1.47 g, or 14% compared to the control; double dose of complete mineral ferti­lizer – to the level of the variant with N75P30K40; N150 – to 1.37 g, or 6% compared to the control. The grain weight per ear of soft winter wheat ‘Prino’ varied on average during the research from 1.62 to 1.83 g and was significantly higher than that of the variety ‘KWS Emil’. Conclusions. The number of productive stems is highly dependent on the nitrogen content of the fertilizer. Thus, if in the control variety of ‘KWS Emil’ there were 420–513 stems/m2, the introduction of N150P60K80 increased the number to 562–624 stems/m2. The number of productive stems of the ‘Prino’ line varied from 209–432 to 277–613 pcs/m2. This line was also characterised by a higher weight and number of grains per ear than ‘KWS Emil’. The use of nitrogen fertilizer systems for plants of ‘KWS Emil’ variety contributed to the formation of grain weight in one ear at the level of 1.37–1.39 g with the number of grains 35.7–36.1 pcs.
Türk nüfusunda intrahepatik ve ekstrahepatik safra kanalı varyasyonlarının manyetik rezonans kolanjiyopankreatografi değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Kartal İsmail , Atci Nesrin , Karazincir Sinem
Published: July 2024

Amaç: Safra kanalları bilinen anatomik dağılımları dışında birçok varyasyona sahip, komşu yapılarla sıkı bağlantıları olan oluşumlardır. İntrahepatik veya ekstrahepatik safra yollarında görülebilen anatomik varyasyonlar, laparoskopik cerrahi ve karaciğer nakli gibi operasyonlarda çeşitli sorunlara neden olabilir. Bu anatomik varyasyonları bilmek, operasyon yaralanma riskini azaltmak için faydalı olacaktır. Bu çalışmada toplumumuzda safra ağacı anatomisinin sık ve nadir görülen paternlerinin yaygınlığını manyetik rezonans kolanjiyopankreatografide (MRKP) ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada, 1 Ocak 2012 ile 1 Ocak 2016 yılları arasında çekilen 663 hastanın MRKP görüntüleri retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. MRKP taramaları, faz dizili koil kullanılarak 1.5 Tesla manyetik rezonans ünitesinde gerçekleştirildi. Single-shot fast spin echo yöntemi ile bT2 ağırlıklı görüntüler değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Değerlendirilen hastaların 224'ünde (%33,8) anatomik varyasyon saptandı. Varyasyonlar dört ana perspektifte değerlendirildi. Bunlar sırasıyla intrahepatik safra kanalı varyasyonları, ekstrahepatik safra kanalı duplikasyonları, sistik kanal varyasyonları ve diğer varyasyonlar olarak gruplandırıldı. İntrahepatik safra kanalı seviyesindeki en yaygın varyasyon trifurkasyon (%9,4) olarak saptandı. Literatürde nadiren bildirilen bir varyasyon olan ekstrahepatik safra kanalı duplikasyonu olgularımızın 3'ünde (%0,5) mevcuttu. Sistik kanal düzeyindeki en yaygın varyasyon uzun sistik kanal (distal bağlantı) idi ve en sık görülen diğer varyasyonlar pankreas divizum ve ortak hepatik kanala vasküler bası idi.

Sonuç: MRKP ile safra kanalları iyonizan radyasyona maruz kalmadan, kontrast madde kullanmadan ve herhangi bir komplikasyon olmaksızın çok kısa sürede noninvaziv olarak görüntülenebilmektedir. Pankreatobiliyer invaziv girişim veya operasyon planlanan hastalarda MRKP ile safra kanalı varyasyonlarının saptanması ve belirtilmesi olası iatrojenik travmaların önüne geçecektir.
Exploring the relationship between berberine and the gut microbiome: A closer look at recent studies
Authors: Beyazgül Damla , Aksakal Nuray Esra
Published: July 2024

Aim: Berberine, known for regulating blood glucose and reducing inflammation, also enhances gut microbiota diversity and repairs microbial profiles. However, comprehensive reviews on its disease-specific impacts are limited. This study aims to explore berberine’s influence on microbiota diversity in various diseases, offering a novel perspective.

Methods: A literature review was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar, focusing on studies from 2018-2023. Keywords related to berberine and gut microbiota were used, excluding irrelevant topics. A total of 84 titles and abstracts were screened, with 33 articles meeting inclusion criteria for detailed review.

Results: Berberine promotes beneficial species like Bacteroidetes and Akkermansia, shows antimicrobial properties, and targets specific pathogens. Studies, particularly in obese and Type 2 diabetic mice, suggest it can improve gut microbiota and diversity. However, the optimal dosage remains unclear, and individual microbial responses can vary, sometimes leading to dysbiotic profiles.

Conclusion: Berberine shows promise in enhancing gut microbiota diversity and combating pathogens. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to confirm its therapeutic potential and establish optimal treatment protocols with long-term clinical outcomes.
Delayed versus simultaneous implant placement with ramus block grafts: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Askın Ekıncı Senem , Küçük Ceren , Gocmen Gokhan
Published: July 2024

Aim: This study compared the graft stability and implant success of delayed implantation versus simultaneous implantation with autogenous grafts.

Methods: The study sample comprised a population of patients who underwent autogenous block bone grafting using the ramus of the mandible. Patients with data from 1 year of follow-up were divided into two groups according to implantation approach: delayed implantation and simultaneous implantation. Outcome variables were 3D volume changes (the bone graft volumes at post-implantation and 1-year follow-up, resorption volume, and resorption rate of the bone graft), 2D linear changes (the bone graft width at post-implantation and 1-year follow-up, 2D resorption amount, and resorption rate of the bone graft), marginal bone loss, and implant success.

Results: The final sample comprised 21 subjects, and 33 implants were investigated. In total, 51.5% (n=17) were placed with a simultaneous approach and 48.5% (n=16) with a delayed approach. The simultaneous approach resulted in a higher rate of graft resorption in both the 3D and 2D measurements compared to the delayed implantation (p=0.001 and p=0.014, respectively). There was no difference between the two groups in terms of graft volume, graft width, marginal bone loss, or implant success at the 1-year follow-up (p=0.958, p=0.039, p=0.168, and p=1.000, respectively).

Conclusion: Although simultaneous implantation resulted in a higher resorption rate than delayed implantation, the graft volume and width, marginal bone loss, and implant success were similar at the 1-year follow-up.
Markers of Vascular Dysfunction in Hypertension
Authors: Tsigkou Vasiliki , Oikonomou Evangelos , Theofilis Panagiotis , Zisimos Konstantinos , Tsatsaragkou Aikaterini , Marinos Georgios , Pantelidis Panteleimon , Katsarou Ourania , Vavuranakis Manolis , Siasos Gerasimos , Tousoulis Dimitris
Published: July 2024

Hypertension is a modifiable cardiovascular risk factor and displays a rapidly
growing incidence due to aging and the acquisition of an unhealthy lifestyle. Hypertension
is linked to the development of target organ damage in several vascular beds such
as coronary arteries, peripheral, cerebral, and renal arteries. Besides, along with the presence
of other cardiovascular risk factors, it aggravates vascular dysfunction due to the
aging process. The mechanisms of vascular dysfunction in hypertension are complex
and involve excessive salt intake and water retention, activation of neurohormonal systems,
induction of endothelial dysfunction of large arteries and microcirculation, development
of arterial stiffness, and complex interactions with cellular pathways of inflammation,
oxidative stress, and thrombosis. The extent of vascular dysfunction in patients
with hypertension can be assessed by evaluating endothelial function, measuring arterial
stiffness, and testing the levels of circulating biomarkers of oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory
cytokines, and thrombosis. Assessing these markers in subjects with and without
hypertension could aid in identifying those at risk of vascular damage and improving
risk prediction for future cardiovascular events. While several lifestyle and pharmacological
therapies have shown promise in addressing vascular dysfunction in hypertension,
none of these biomarkers have been established as an independent risk factor or treatment
target. Therefore, in this article, we review the literature on the evidence that exists
regarding the role of vascular dysfunction in the pathophysiology, diagnosis, progression,
and treatment of hypertension, highlighting the lack of conclusive evidence in this
field.
The Phyllanthus emblica Fruits: A Review on Phytochemistry Traditional Uses, Bioactive Composition and Pharmacological Activities
Authors: Pathak Shilpi , Pratap Abhishek , Sharma Richa , Jha Manas Kumar
Published: July 2024

:

Phyllanthus emblica, popularly mentioned as amla or Indian gooseberry, has attracted
a lot of interest lately because of its varied phytochemical makeup and related pharmacological
properties. The phytochemistry, historical applications, bioactive makeup, and pharmacological
properties of Phyllanthus emblica fruits are all summarised in this paper. This review emphasises
the rich phytochemical profile of Phyllanthus emblica, which contains flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids,
and polyphenolic chemicals, through a thorough assessment of the literature. Furthermore,
the historical value of Phyllanthus emblica as a therapeutic agent for a variety of health issues is
shown by its traditional applications in numerous indigenous medical systems. The bioactive
makeup of Phyllanthus emblica fruits, especially its high polyphenol and vitamin C content, is responsible
for its hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory qualities. Moreover, new
pharmacological research has clarified its potential for the cure of neurological illnesses, tumor,
diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. In order to shed light on the pharmacological properties of
Phyllanthus emblica fruits and suggest future avenues for study, this review compiles the body of
scientific data that is already accessible. All things considered, Phyllanthus emblica shows great
promise as a natural resource with significant applications in complementary and alternative medicine
and pharmacological research.
Asymptomatic Empty Sella Syndrome: A “New” Hypothalamic Pathology
or Paraphysiological Variant
Authors: Masserini Benedetta , Rivolta Benedetta , Bernardi Irene , Camera Antonella , Liboà Federico , Solerte Sebastiano Bruno , Cerabolini Chiara , Cerutti Nadia
Published: July 2024

Introduction:

The term empty sella refers to a shrunken or displaced (by a subarachnoid
diverticulum) pituitary gland. It can be primary (genetically determined) or secondary (due
to trauma/surgery/radiation). It has been reported that 50% of patients are asymptomatic, and
others experience symptoms, such as headache, hypertension, or visual field defects. Few cases
have an empty sella syndrome, i.e., lacking functional pituitary hormones. Diagnosis is made
through NMR or CT. If asymptomatic, this condition requires no treatment; otherwise, empty
sella syndrome needs hormonal replacement therapy. We examined the case of asymptomatic
empty sella syndrome.

Case Report:

A 67-year-old female patient was admitted for dilatative cardiomyopathy. She had
a past medical history of arterial hypertension and right ICA endovascular repair. Blood tests
demonstrated hypothyroidism, hypoadrenalism, and GH deficiency, without any signs or symptoms.
NRM confirmed an empty sella, hence replacement therapy with levothyroxine and cortisone
acetate was started. During a follow-up evaluation, we discovered that this biochemical
profile of the patient had been known for more than a decade and never treated. Despite being
exposed to stress conditions, vascular surgery and angiography, she never developed an adrenal
crisis, nor has she ever been symptomatic for severe hypothyroidism. Hormonal replacement
therapy was performed.

Conclusion:

The described clinical scenario is rare, as usually, empty sella syndrome presents
with signs of hormone deficiency, even if asymptomatic cases have been described. Some authors
suggest considering it as a hypothalamic dysfunction requiring treatment; others identify it
as a paraphysiological variant. However, more cases are needed to establish a correct therapeutic
strategy for these patients.
Case Report: Hyperandrogenism in Menopause
Authors: F. Visconti , F. Garino , G. Corneli , M. Balbo , C. Gottero , D. Sansone , S. E. Oleandri
Published: July 2024

Background:

Postmenopausal androgen excess often occurs due to the imbalance
between the rapid decline in ovarian estrogen and a relatively gradual decline in androgen secretion.
The rapid onset of hirsutism, alopecia, and acne, on the other hand, is a rare occurrence
and requires further investigation in order to rule out an underlying neoplasm.

Case Report:

A 54-year-old woman arrived at the endocrinology outpatient clinic for the appearance
of hirsutism and defluvium capitis in the past 9 months. She had hypertrichosis of the
face, trunk, and mammary areolae and reduced timbre of voice. Circulating androgens were
higher than normal levels (testosterone: 7.7 ng/mL, DHEAS: 5437 mcg/L, 17-OH-progesterone:
3.1 nmol/L), gonadotropin and prolactin levels were normal, and Nugent test was negative. Abdominal
CT scan was negative for adrenal lesions, while transvaginal ovarian ultrasonography
revealed a left adnexal formation (19x18x24 mm) compatible with stromal neoplasm. A bilateral
hysteroannessiectomy was performed. Histological examination was diagnostic for multiple
ovarian Leydig cell tumors.

Conclusion:

The most frequent cause of postmenopausal hyperandrogenism is polycystic ovary
syndrome. It is necessary to exclude the presence of neoplastic causes (ovarian or adrenal androgen-
secreting tumors). In case of marked virilization and severe hyperandrogenism, it is useful
to perform transvaginal ultrasonography to search for the presence of ovarian hypertrichosis
or androgen-secreting ovarian tumors and a CT/RM scan to study the adrenal glands. The best
treatment for hyperandrogenism of neoplastic origin is surgery. Patients who are not candidates
for this approach are candidates for therapy with GnRH agonists
10 Cases of Nonresponse to Laser Thermoablation from a Series of 187
Patients: Histological Outcomes after Surgery and Related Evaluations
Authors: D. Sansone , F. Garino , F. Di Noi , M. Breda , N. Bonelli , F. Visconti , F. Quaglino , S.E. Oleandri
Published: July 2024

Background:

Thyroid thermoablative techniques have been developed as an alternative
to surgery for the treatment of symptomatic benign nodes, with the advantage of being minimally
invasive, repeatable, with a minimal complication rate, and avoiding the perioperative
risks and irreversible consequences of surgery.

Methods:

A series of patients undergoing laser thermoablation by the same team of endocrinologists
operating in 2 centers from May 2016 to December 2022 is presented. The procedure was
performed in patients with compressive symptomatology determined by a thyroid node typed
TIR 2, or TIR 3A with rejection of the surgical option. We analyzed cases that required surgery
because of persistent compressive symptoms, reduction failure, or increase in volume.

Results:

From May 2016 to December 2022, 207 thermoablative procedures were performed
(187 patients). Single ablative session was unresolved in 28 patients (15%). The proportion of
nodes with TIR 3A cytology was significantly higher (21.4 vs 7.0%). In this group, the response
in terms of volumetric reduction 6 months after the procedure was significantly lower (5.7% vs
50%). Ten patients (5.3%) underwent surgery, whose histological outcome demonstrated malignancy
in 50% of cases.

Conclusions:

Data show the importance of timely re-evaluation with referral to surgical treatment
for patients presenting a less than 20% volume reduction 6 months after thermoablation, in
order to ensure promptly effective treatment of misrecognized malignancies.
Study on the Application of Vibration Energy Harvester Based on 3D Chip-scale Solenoids Coil in Rail Transit
Authors: Lv Yang , Zhai Yujia , Hou Xiaowei , Ye Mingsheng , Yang Zhuoqing
Published: July 2024

Introduction:

A 3D chip-scale solenoid coil was fabricated by micro-electro-mechanical
system (MEMS) and wafer-level micro casting technology, and an electromagnetic vibration energy
harvester was manufactured with an NdFeB permanent magnet.

Methods:

Three coils with different turns were designed, namely 45 turns, 90 turns, and 150 turns.
The coils had a wire width of 40 microns, a pitch of 25 microns, and a thickness of 150 microns.
The permanent magnet was cylindrical with a diameter of 1.8 mm. According to the length of the
coil, three specifications of 3/6/10 mm were selected for the permanent magnet. Special PCB circuit
testing tooling was processed to test the actual performance of three kinds of permanent magnet energy
harvesters with different specifications.

Results:

The vibration frequency was set to 10 Hz~150 Hz, and the acceleration was designed to be
50 m/s2~300 m/s2. For the energy harvester with 90 turns, a maximum output power of 75 μW was
obtained under vibration conditions of 100 m/s2 & 30 Hz. The experimental data showed that vibration
frequency, acceleration, and sample size had a certain influence on the energy conversion and
output power of vibration.

Conclusion:

Through the above study, the design and performance of vibration power generation
devices can be optimized better to match the actual application requirements of rail transit.
Worldwide Research Trend on Steel Casting: A Visualization and Future Research Directions
Authors: Achyarsyah Mochamad , Hermana Gita Novian , Gorbyandi Muhammad Rizki , Puspitasari Poppy , Hendrayati Heny , Pradana Mahir
Published: July 2024

Aims:

In this study, we conducted a bibliometric study about steel casting between
the year 2000-2023. We carried out a bibliometric analysis of sand casting, investment casting,
die casting, and squeeze casting in which optimization and simulation models are available and
have been thoroughly developed to enhance the quality of the casting product, according to the
keyword co-occurrence network and word cloud generated by the bibliometric analysis and text
mining of the publications.

Methods:

By delving further into the optimisation and simulation models, this study finds multiple casting procedures with various process parameters that have a major effect on the process
results. Defects of the mechanical kind are the most prevalent, and factors taken into consideration are emissions, yield, dimensional tolerances, and qualities.

Results:

The necessity for data-driven modelling in new casting environments has been identified in this study, which will allow for a dynamic casting process and fine-tuning and aid in attaining desirable results in today's competitive markets. In order to illustrate the future prospects
of this sector, this research focuses on potential technical interventions in steel casting processes
that could enhance the efficiency of the process and the quality of the products produced by
steel casting.

Conclusion:

This study examines the body of literature on various researchers' contributions to
the production of excellent casting components and performs a bibliometric examination of the
publications. However, the literature study examines research publications from high-quality
essential sources to determine the essential criteria influencing steel casting quality.
Quem ficou em casa e quem não pôde ficar: narrativas sobre o trabalho de mulheres na pandemia
Authors: Biar Liana de Andrade , Santos Douglas Firmino dos
Published: July 2024

In this article, informed by Narrative Analysis as a lens for discursive analysis, we outline a small part of the discursive landscape of the Covid-19 pandemic. Specifically, we analyze everyday stories told by working women, questioning how they were able (or not) to respond to the call for social isolation, and the meanings they generated about their experiences in this context. The data analyzed were generated from open qualitative interviews conducted with three women, intersected by different discourses and intersections. The results show the different meanings and orders of indexicality mobilized and the emergence of a coherence system informed by neoliberal discourse.
Ethos e mídia: estratégias discursivas para a constituição da imagem de si do profissional do jornalismo
Authors: Teixeira Gisela Cardoso
Published: July 2024

This study aims to analyze some strategies used by the media in producing its dis-course that can contribute to the constitution of a discursive ethos for journalism professionals, particularly in print media. To this end, it seeks to relate theoretical dialogues on Discourse Analy-sis, especially with regard to Semiolinguistic Theory, with some established concepts concerning journalistic ethos in the field of communication. To provide a better understanding of the theoreti-cal notions presented, it proposes to analyze and exemplify them through excerpts from journalistic texts in Brazilian print newspapers, produced by special correspondents abroad. Thus, it is expected to show that journalistic ethos can be related to a pursuit of a truth effect based on the ideal of veri-similitude with reality, which in turn permeates the imagination of journalistic practice. Addition-ally, it is hoped that ethos can be associated with the ideals of journalistic ethics, which consist of its commitment to the truth.
Valorização dos professores: cenografia e ethos de seis professores em vídeos do ministério da educação
Authors: Welter Márcia Rohr
Published: July 2024

Education is a topic of debate and discussion throughout the year at various levels. In Brazil, during the month of October, the focus shifts to the teaching profession due to the cel-ebration of Teacher's Day. At this time, teachers' statements about their classroom activities, career challenges, and other topics are broadcast across various media. This study focuses on these state-ments, specifically the construction of discursive ethos in teachers' speeches/testimonies about their professional activities. The objective is to analyze the discursive ethos of teachers in advertisements about teacher appreciation broadcast by the Ministry of Education in October 2021. For this, the research is exploratory and bibliographic, reviewing theoretical assumptions of ethos and scenogra-phy from the Discourse Analysis of Maingueneau (2018, 2015, 2008a, 2008b) and Amossy (2008), using a qualitative approach. The results show that the scenography attempts to influence the audi-ence to forget about the challenges and adversities of education in Brazil and establish an ethos of the teacher as engaged and inspiring.