bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Forensic Utility of Photogrammetry in Surface Scene Documentation
Authors: Church Elizabeth , Pokines James , Ames Christopher
Published: June 2021

Outdoor crime scene documentation needs to be accurate and precise to preserve evidence. Photogrammetry is a potential option. Structure from Motion (SfM) processes photographs into 3D models. As commercial software does not disclose this process, this documentation technique could be legally inappropriate. A potential solution to this problem is open-source software. A series of mock outdoor crime scenes were documented using SfM and total station mapping. Ten large surface scatter scenes containing plastic human remains and personal objects were laid out in 10 × 10 m units in a New England forested environment. The small surface scatter scenes consisted of a pig (Sus scrofa) mandible placed in different environments. The resulting models were built using PhotoScan by AgiSoft and MicMac by IGN. Accuracy was measured by the amount of variance in fixed-datum measurements, whereas visual qualitywas determined by comparison.

The average total variance in fixed-datum lengths for six of the ten scenes was below 0.635 cm. The maximum differences in measurement between the total station and software measurements were 0.0917 m (PhotoScan) and 0.178 m (MicMac). Comparative histograms had low standard deviations and mean distances between points. Conditions such as light, ground foliage and topography affect model quality. This research shows that SfM has the potential to be a rapid, accurate and low-cost resource, but there are limitations that must be considered.
Speicher in der Stadt. Logistische Landschaften der Ersten Globalisierung – Storage in the City. Logistical Landscapes of the First Globalization
Authors: Mauch Felix
Published: June 2021

Dieser Artikel untersucht die Hamburger Speicherstadt und das angrenzende Kontorhausviertel als logistische Landschaften des späten 19. und frühen

20. Jahrhunderts. Mit gezieltem Fokus auf die Planungsvorgänge, die der Nutzung des weltweit größten zusammenhängenden Lager- und Bürokomplexes seiner Epoche vorausgingen und dessen Ausgestaltung kontinuierlich begleiteten, wird ein Prozess der konzeptionellen Neudeutung und praktischen Umwandlung bis dahin üblicher Transport- und Aufbewahrungstechniken deutlich, der es ermöglichte, globale Güter- und Kapitalströme effizienter, flexibler und zuverlässiger zu koordinieren. Angesiedelt zwischen Bau- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte, historischer Urbanistik, Raum- und Architekturtheorie, zeigt die vorliegende Analyse empirisch fundiert, wie sich transnationale Warenketten und Handelspolitiken der Ersten Globalisierung zu einem raumprägenden Wirkungsfeld operativer Logistik verdichteten. Dabei erkundet das methodische Vorgehen die prozessarchitektonische Ausgestaltung und rechtlichen Protokolle eines hochfunktionalen Stadtraums, dessen Akteure, Infrastrukturen und handelnden Institutionen beständig versuchten, eine Zeit entfesselter Warenflüsse unter ihre Kontrolle zu bringen.
Der Einfluss der AfD auf die deutsche Koalitionslandschaft: Problem oder Chance für die etablierten Parteien?
Authors: Decker Frank , Ruhose Fedor
Published: June 2021

Mit der festen Etablierung der AfD als sechster Kraft im deutschen Parteiensystem haben sich die Voraussetzungen der Koalitions- und Regierungsbildung verändert. Lagerinterne Koalitionen von Union und FDP sowie SPD und Grünen, wie sie bis in 2000er Jahre hinein das Bild prägten, werden zum Auslaufmodell. Stattdessen müssen Dreier- oder sogar Vierbündnisse über die Lagergrenzen hinweg gebildet werden. Ein Grund dafür liegt auch in der koalitionspolitischen Asymmetrie, die eine Zusammenarbeit von SPD und Grünen mit der Linken - als ideologischer Randpartei im linken Lager - mittlerweile zulässt, während auf der rechten Seite mit Blick auf die AfD eine entsprechende Option versperrt bleibt. Letzteres birgt besonders in Ostdeutschland Probleme, wo die AfD mit Stimmenanteilen von 20 bis 30 Prozent über ein doppelt so großes Potenzial verfügt wie in den westlichen Bundesländern. Die koalitionspolitische Ausgrenzung wird dort deshalb von Teilen der CDU in Frage gestellt. In dem Beitrag soll zum einen analysiert werden, welche Oppositions- und Koalitionsstrategie die rechtspopulistischen Herausforderer verfolgen. Zum anderen wird gezeigt, wie die beiden bürgerlichen Parteien (Union und FDP) auf die Herausforderung bisher reagiert haben und in Zukunft reagieren könnten. Der Schwerpunkt der Betrachtung liegt auf der Länderebene; gleichzeitig werden Bezüge zur Bundes- und zur kommunalen Ebene hergestellt.
Herausforderungen für die Finanzpolitik in Deutschland nach der Covid-Krise: Schuldenbremse und Vermögensbesteuerung
Authors: Schnellenbach Jan
Published: June 2021

Im Zuge der Covid-Krise wird der Bund bis Ende 2022 eine erhebliche Neuverschuldung anhäufen, die nach aktuellen Planungen bis zu 452,2 Mrd. Euro erreichen könnte. Hieraus folgen Tilgungsverpflichtungen, die ab 2026 mit knapp unter 20 Mrd. Euro pro Jahr kalkuliert werden. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden in der finanzpolitischen Debatte Rufe lauter, den Handlungsspielraum der Politik durch eine Abschaffung oder Lockerung der Schuldenbremse sowie durch die Revitalisierung der Vermögensteuer neu auszuweiten. Diese Vorschläge werden im vorliegenden Beitrag diskutiert. Es wird argumentiert, dass eine Beibehaltung der Schuldenbremse sinnvoll ist und eine Vermögensteuer sowie -abgabe abzulehnen sind. Die Folgen der Krise sind mit dem aktuellen finanzpolitischen Instrumentarium beherrschbar, sollten aber Anlass sein, Ausgabenprioritäten neu zu ordnen.
Ältere Freiwillige gewinnen
Authors: Hoßfeld Susan , Büßer Andrea
Published: June 2021

Mit der Einführung des Bundesfreiwilligendienstes vor nunmehr zehn Jahren wurde auch Interessierten über 27 Jahre die Möglichkeit eröffnet, sich in einem Freiwilligendienst verbindlich und begleitet zu engagieren. Ein Workshop des Paritätischen in Thüringen will Einsatzstellen bei der Gewinnung Älterer unterstützen.
Alternativlos
Authors: Gaydoul Tobias
Published: June 2021

Die Corona-Krise hat die unzureichende Digitalisierung in der Sozialwirtschaft endgültig offenbart, einschließlich der fehlenden Finanzierung durch die Kostenträger. Doch für den einzelnen Träger gilt: Wer nicht in die Digitalisierung investiert, kalkuliert sich als Unternehmen aus dem Markt, meint Dr. Tobias Gaydoul von der Rummelsberger Diakonie. Wer ein relevantes Sozialunternehmen auch noch in zehn Jahren sein möchte, müsse jetzt unbeirrt den Weg in die Digitalisierung gehen - whatever it takes.
Engagement und Interaktion gefordert
Authors: Joung Frank
Published: June 2021

Neben dem analogen Informationsangebot werden auch soziale Organisationen inzwischen oft nach ihrem digitalen Auftritt gefragt. Doch viele Wohlfahrtsverbände und Sozialunternehmen haben kaum Möglichkeiten, ausgefeilte Social-Media-Kampagnen zu starten. Insbesondere kleine Träger fragen sich, ob und wie sie sich angesichts begrenzter Ressourcen in sozialen Medien artikulieren können. Die zehn Basis-Tipps des Journalisten und Podcasters Frank Joung können zu einer realistischen Einschätzung verhelfen.
Videokonferenztools datensicher einsetzen
Authors: Althammer Thomas , Wolff Arne
Published: June 2021

Die IT-Sicherheit und den Datenschutz stellt das Arbeiten an Heimarbeitsplätzen vor große Herausforderungen. Das betrifft nicht nur die Bereitstellung und den Austausch von Informationen, sondern auch die Nutzung von Videokonferenzsystemen. Thomas Althammer und Arne Wolff zeigen, worauf bei der Auswahl und beim Einsatz von entsprechenden Angeboten zu achten ist und welche Systeme aus Datenschutzsicht empfehlenswert erscheinen.
Konflikte in ihren Umfeldern – eine länderübergreifende Feldstudie
Authors: Redlich Alexander , Stoll Constanze , Zhygulina-Fahl Yuliya
Published: June 2021

Im Rahmen eines internationalen Projektes zur Verbreitung mediativer Konfliktbehandlungsmethoden in fünf unabhängigen Ländern der ehemaligen Sowjet­union und Deutschland wurden 136 Personen in sieben Städten gebeten, jeweils drei Konflikte zu beschreiben, die sie in ihrem Umfeld als unbeteiligte Person miterlebt haben. Die Auswertung von insgesamt 385 Konflikten mit 782 Streitpunkten zeigte eine große Vielfalt. Es gab sehr viele verschiedenartige Konfliktlagen mit unterschiedlichen Personenkonstellationen und Eskalationsstufen in allen wichtigen gesellschaftlichen Lebens- und Arbeitsbereichen. In einem qualitativen Verfahren wurden Kategorien zu diesen Konfliktaspekten entwickeln. Damit ließ sich darstellen, wie sich die Konflikte über Streitpunkte, Regionen, gesellschaftliche Bereiche, Eskalationsstufen usw. verteilen. Die Kategorien sollen in zukünftiger Forschung optimiert und im Hinblick auf Wirkungszusammenhänge weiterentwickelt werden, um komplexe Konfliktlagen differenziert zu beschreiben und Konfliktbehandlungsverfahren und -methoden gezielt auszuwählen.
Internationaler Investitionsschutz: Mediation ist Trumpf
Authors: Grill Anne-Karin
Published: June 2021

Unter den etablierten Methoden der Alternativen Streitbeilegung (Alternative Dispute Resolution - ADR) erfreut sich die Mediation eindeutig zunehmender Relevanz in der Beilegung internationaler Wirtschaftsstreitigkeiten. Geht es insbesondere um den Erhalt langfristiger Geschäfts- bzw. sonstiger wirtschaftlicher Interessensbeziehungen, setzt sich die Mediation unter Wirtschaftsakteuren und gerade im internationalen Geschäftsverkehr gegenüber anderen etablierten Methoden nachhaltig durch. Dies mag daran liegen, dass in der Mediation die Zielsetzung der Streitparteien klar darauf gerichtet ist, soweit wie möglich im Konsensweg zu einer Lösung zu gelangen. Gerade die autonome Problembearbeitung wird als großer Vorteil empfunden. Demgegenüber verhilft die Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit letztlich jener Position zum Durchbruch, die rechtlich belastbarer ist. Die Enttäuschung über die Art der Erledigung von Streitfällen durch internationale Tribunale, für die insbesondere der Orientierungsrahmen der Präzedenzwirkung nicht gilt, inspiriert bisweilen geflügelte Redewendungen: »Vor Schiedsgerichten und auf hoher See ist man in Gottes Hand.« In der Mediation werden unter der Anleitung eines Neutralen kollaborative Ansätze verfolgt, die nicht nur auf das anwendbare Recht, sondern insbesondere auch auf wirtschaftliche und andere Aspekte abstellen. Die Zügel bleiben klar in der Hand der Streitparteien. Gerade dieser Ansatz - das gemeinsame Erarbeiten nachhaltiger Lösungen, die über rein rechtliche Erwägungsgründe hinwegreichen - hat sich über Industriezweige und Jurisdiktionen hinweg als wirksam erwiesen. Die Anerkennung von Mediation als universell einsetzbare Methode der Alternativen Streitbeilegung zeigt sich auch anhand der fortschreitenden Etablierung von so genannten mehrstufigen Streitbeilegungsprozessen auf nationaler, regionaler und internationaler Ebene.
Trump Macht Angst
Authors: Ismer Sven , Peter Nina
Published: June 2021

Der Beitrag verbindet eine emotionstheoretische Perspektive auf das »Phänomen Trump« mit einer Untersuchung der Rhetorik des mittlerweile abgewählten US-Präsidenten. Dabei werden wir erläutern, warum es für Trump so wichtig war, trotz der Corona-Pandemie Massen­veranstaltungen durchzuführen, indem wir diese mit Durkheim als Schauplätze der Erfahrung kollektiver Efferveszenz (d. h. einer gemeinschaftlichen rauschhaften Erregung) der Anhänger*innen eines im Weber’schen Sinne charismatischen Führers deuten. Daran anschließend widmet sich eine Analyse von Trumps Affektrhetorik seinem Entwurf binärer Freund-Feind-Schemata, der als Teil einer Strategie der »VerAnderung« bzw. des »Othering« nicht nur eine emotionale Stimmung der Angst und Wut schürt, sondern darüber hinaus ein erhebliches Konfliktpotenzial in sich birgt.
Affekte und das psychoanalytische Konzept der Abjektion: Eine kulturpsychologische Perspektive auf soziale Konflikte und das Leben im Dissens
Authors: Straub Jürgen , Salzmann Sebastian
Published: June 2021

Theorien sozialer Konflikte betonen häufig deren produktive Funktion: Ohne Konflikte wären viele gesellschaftliche Entwicklungen kaum denkbar. Oft sind sie ein Zeichen wachsender Teilhabe marginalisierter Gruppen und fördern soziale Integration. Dennoch gibt es - gerade auch in Einwanderungsgesellschaften - Konflikte, die zu antagonistischen und agonalen Konstellationen, Gewalt und Kämpfen führen. Dafür spielen starke Affekte und soziale Emotionen eine entscheidende Rolle. Der sozial- und kulturpsychologische Beitrag legt dies am Beispiel von Identitäts- und Anerkennungskonflikten dar und führt dabei das psychoanalytische Konzept der Abjektion ein. Schließlich wird zwischen möglichen Ausgängen der Konfliktbearbeitung unterschieden: neben dem Konsens oder Kompromiss ist in pluralen, demokratischen Gesellschaften auch das Leben mit und im Dissens eine unabdingbare, voraussetzungsvolle Option.
Die Medienöffentlichkeit der Rechtsprechung und ihre Grenzen
Authors: Jahn Jannika
Published: June 2021

The study analyses how the opposing legal interests can be balanced in the reporting on judicial proceedings and case law as well as in the opinions expressed by judges in the media, and to what extent a communicative approach to judicial public relations can complement the balance achieved within the framework of the regulatory approach. In doing so, constitutional theory and, for a better understanding of the potential effects on the media, above all communication science findings will be used. The relevant case law of the European Court of Human Rights is taken into account as well as current legal developments in England and France.
Unmöglichkeit und veränderte Umstände im ALR
Authors: Frese Yannik
Published: June 2021

The study analyses the Prussian law on impossibility of performance and changed circumstances from the first drafts to the binding version of the law, presenting hitherto unpublished legislative materials on the ALR. Special consideration is given to the foundations of Prussian legislation by elaborating the relevant views in the eras of Usus modernus and the law of reason and linking them to the creation of the ALR.
Begleitete Elternschaft
Authors: Ackermann Ina
Published: June 2021

The subject of people with intellectual or mental health disabilities becoming parents is controversial, with opponents questioning whether they are capable of sufficiently and appropriately providing and caring for their children. This book addresses the question of what skills people with intellectual or mental health disabilities must have in order to be able to live with their children. On the basis of a holistic analysis of families, the book demonstrates that tailor-made help has to be offered. Using the example of accompanied parenting, it reveals the importance of individual and continuous support for the whole family. In line with inclusivity, the study underlines how vital it is to expand and further develop the local support mechanisms available to such families.
Die Hypothese des Ressourcenfluchs
Authors: Röder David
Published: June 2021

Some studies point to comparatively slow economic growth in resource-rich countries. This seemingly paradoxical phenomenon is referred to as the resource curse. David Röder identifies in this paper relevant literature, shows and evaluates the economic and political causes of this "curse" and discusses different avoidance strategies taking into account critical sources. Theoretical considerations, empirical results and various models are used for a better understanding.
Antisemitismus in der AfD
Authors: Tuschling Paula
Published: June 2021

With this study, Paula Tuschling fills a research gap by examining the AfD's relationship to antisemitism in general and on the basis of the Wolfgang Gedeon case in particular. The case analysis, with its extensive theoretical foundation, decodes different forms of antisemitism in several published writings of the AfD member of the federal state parliament - who stayed in office until 2020 - and places the Causa Gedeon in an overall context with the AfD's handling of internal party cases of antisemitism. The work spans from the historical continuity of antisemitism to the inherent belief in conspiracy ideologies and identifies this as a central element of the AfD's rhetorical strategies.
Zwischen Recht und Ethik
Authors: Nassery Idris
Published: June 2021

This study focuses on addressing the question of how a form of business ethics which not only stems from the internal structure of Islamic intellectual history but which also relates to today’s globalised societies be conceived. Using the approaches of Karl Homann and Peter Ulrich as a starting point on the one hand and in line with several prominent voices from Islamic economics on the other, the author develops such a form of ethics, which sees itself as a catalyst to current discourse, in the context of the reflections of Abū Ḥāmid al-Ġazzālī. As there are still no in-depth concepts of business ethics in contemporary Muslim theology, it makes sense to relate the quintessential ideas of al-Ġazzālī to contemporary theories on business ethics in order to demonstrate how Islamic law and Islamic ethics can act as partners in dialogue in secular processes of understanding.
The Presence of HPV in Dental Calculus: It’s Role in Pathogenesis of Oral and Cervical Cancer
Authors: Widyaputra Sunardhi , Pranata Natallia , Setiawan Ignatius , Ari Anggraini Jamas
Published: June 2021

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection accounts for approximately 5.2% of the worldwide human cancer burden. Molecular epidemiologic evidence clearly indicates that certain types of HPV are the principal cause of both cervical and oral cancers. Major oncoproteins E6 and E7 can inactivate p53 and pRB proteins because it happened genome instability and dysregulation host cell cycles. This virus is an epithelial tropism, vulnerable area mainly at the basal layer and epithelial stem cell, because it still has a high proliferation capacity, so it can support the replication of the virus. Virions bind initially to the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains of heparan sulphate proteoglycan (HSPG). More than 99% cervical cancer arise at the cervical transformation zone. In oral cavity, exposed areas of the basal layer will be very susceptible to HPV infection. The HPV presence in the oral area is considered as one of the etiologics of oral cancer in those who do not have bad habits such as smoking, betel chewing, or poor oral hygiene. Our study successfully identified HPV type 58 in dental calculus. Dental calculus, calcified oral plaque biofilm, has been shown to be an abundant, nearly ubiquitous, and long-term reservoir of the ancient oral microbiome, including bacteria, archaea, eukaryote, and viruses. During biomineral maturation process, several biological contents around the oral region should be trapped, including the exfoliated virus contained cells. Dental calculus is a promising source of HPV and carcinogens molecules in the oral cavity and could be used as a biomarker for early detection.
Early Predictive Biomarkers for Hypertension Using Human Fetal Astrocytes
Authors: Abdi Fahmida , M. Simpson Ann , Lal Sara , Fatima Shad Kaneez
Published: June 2021

Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, causing high numbers of deaths and /or disabilities worldwide. Previous studies have reported numerous biomolecules, such as, triglycerides and fibrinogen as biomarkers of hypertension (HTN), but none of these biomolecules could be considered as ‘true’ predictive biomarkers as they were produced after the establishment of HTN. Therefore, there is an urgent need for identifying and monitoring molecules that are linked to early pre-HTN stages, that is, prior to the onset of HTN. Astrocytes are the most abundant cells in the nervous system and through their long processes, astrocytes can communicate with both neuronal and non-neuronal cells such as endothelial cells lining blood vessels. Thus, any biochemical changes in astrocytes will affect both blood vessels and neurons. We are using human fetal astrocytes (HFAs) to investigate the molecules which may possibly act as early predictive biomarkers for hypertension. Astrocytic processes are mostly supported by the intermediate filaments, an example is the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) which is a type III intermediate filament. Elevated GFAP levels are being considered as a marker of astroglial injury, indicating the conversion of non-reactive (A2) into reactive (A1) astrocytes. Our initial immunohistochemistry studies using anti-GFAP antibodies on astrocytes from spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHRs) and their normal counter parts (WKY) rats showed a similar profile to that of reactive (A1) and non-reactive (A2) HFAs, respectively. Numerous studies point to a significant role of calcium ion channel proteins in hypertension, and calcium channel blockers such as Amlodipine (Norvasc) Diltiazem (Cardizem) are commonly used as antihypertensive drugs. By using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) we observed that reactive (A1) astrocytes, contain more calcium-activated proteins such as calpain, calpastatin, cathepsin and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) as compare to normal (A2) HFAs, suggesting their possible link to the future onset of HTN. Hence these proteins could be considered as potential early predictive biomarkers of HTN.
Antenatal Diagnosis of Congenital Anomalies on Ultrasound Screening
Authors: Kwamboka Onyambu Callen , Mukiri Tharamba Norah
Published: June 2021

Congenital fetal anomalies contribute to the global burden of disease in children. Various screening programs have been used for antenatal screening of these anomalies. Screening targets low risk population and is usually done in the second trimester though some are done at the mother’s first antenatal visit especially in resource constrained setting. Mother’s who have had a previous pregnancy with congenital anomaly are given targeted elaborate screening. Early diagnosis of this anomalies can lead to early intervention and better outcomes. Diagnosis of the malformations also leads to clinical decision making on mode of delivery thereby avoiding birth related trauma to the mother and the baby. In case of lethal congenital anomalies early diagnosis aids in clinical decision making on the management of the pregnancy.
The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of Dentists
Authors: Vergara-Buenaventura Andrea , Castro-Ruiz Carmen
Published: June 2021

Since March 2020, the COVID-19 disease has declared a pandemic producing a worldwide containment. For months, many people were subjected to strict social isolation away from family and loved ones to prevent disease transmission, leading to anxiety, fear, and depression. On the other hand, many had to close down their businesses and stop working, resulting in financial issues. Previous studies have reported that pandemics, epidemics, and some diseases can lead to mental disorders such as fear, anxiety, stress, and depression. Among those most affected, healthcare workers (HCWs), especially those on the front line, often develop mental health problems. Although there is data available on the management and care of HCWs, little attention has been paid to the mental health and well-being of dentists during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this chapter aims to review the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on dentists’ mental health and mental health-related symptoms. Finally, to recommend specific measures to avoid consequent potential implications for dentists, dental students, and dental patients.
Prognostic Factors for Pediatric Acute Liver Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prognostic Studies
Authors: Mao Junwen , Chen Junhua , Chen Zhu
Published: June 2021

Context: Pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) is a disease with high mortality, characterized by a multisystem disorder and acute liver dysfunction. Objectives: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prognostic studies is necessary to summarize the general prognostic factors for PALF. Also, these factors can contribute to the development of a new prognostic model. Methods: An electronic literature search was conducted systematically in PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases to identify prognostic factors of pediatric acute liver failure and evaluate outcomes, including spontaneous survival, death without LT, and undergoing LT. Prospective or retrospective cohort designs were included. The methodological quality of studies was analyzed and scored, using the QUIPS tool. Also, a meta-analysis was performed to calculate the pooled odds ratio (OR) of the factors Results: 1465 citations were identified, 30 studies were reviewed, and 16 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The indicators extracted from the studies were divided into four categories: (1) general markers, (2) bio-markers, (3) scoring systems, and (4) treatments. Several prognostic factors were associated with the poor outcomes, including etiology (indeterminate disease and drugs), INR, ammonia, ALT levels, AST levels, bilirubin, albumin, severe HE (grade 3/4), sex (male), lactate. In addition, ammonia, bilirubin, albumin, AST levels, severe HE (grade 3/4) and etiology (indeterminate disease, drugs, metabolic disease) were associated with death (no LT). Conclusions: Etiology, ammonia, bilirubin, albumin, AST levels, severe HE (grade 3/4) were found associated with the poor outcomes or death (without LT) of PALF. Although these factors may contribute to the new prognostic model, they must be considered with caution. Further prognostic studies of PALF with larger cohorts are also needed.
The crisis answer system of the flood economic damage decrease
Authors: Aćimović Slaviša
Published: June 2021

In this paper the role and importance basic problems of the crisis answer system of the flood economic damage decrease are considered. The phases of that system and estimate procedure of flood risk are defined, by using scientific methods analysis, synthesis and description. The basic aspects of the economic damage posible decrease are analysed, by using the case study example. The main importace of the flood prevention is emphasized, as a proposal for the crisis management practice. The investment importance of the flood prevention, as the economic justifiable, is emphasized, instead of answer crisis and economic demage restoration investment. The main specifications of the new approaches in the filed of of the floods defence are showed.
Implications of the COVID-19 pandemic on tax revenues level in the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Kalaš Branimir
Published: June 2021

The issue of achieved tax revenues in important for every country, especially today in the conditions of the current COVID-19 pandemic. The negative effects of coronavirus are reflected in increased health and economic risk which is manifested in the deterioration of the macroeconomic framework in the world. The aim of this paper is to point out the importance of tax revenues that they have in the tax structure, especially in crisis situations. The subject of the paper includes the analysis of monthly trend of tax revenues in the Republic of Serbia for the period January-October 2020. The results of the analysis indicate that average tax revenues were 2.21% during the observed period. Although a deficit of 34.484 million dinars was recorded in the first ten months, it is positive that public revenues average increased by 2.47% which is slightly higher than the average growth of public expenditures of 1.68%. Since value added tax and excises are the most important tax forms in the structure of the Republic of Serbia, policymakers should focus on stimulating consumption in order to produce positive implications for generating revenues.
The importance of leadership for enterprise competitiveness improvement
Authors: Mitrović Vladimir , Mitrović Ivana
Published: June 2021

The position of Serbian economy in relation to developed economies in the world is still not on the satisfactory level. Yearly competitiveness report clearly indicates that Serbia, without clear and radical changes, will not be able to successfully compete with the competition from wider and immediate surroundings. The aim of this paper is to show and explain how Serbia, in order to improve its position in relation to other countries, needs leaders who are able to manage radical changes, leaders who can define the direction and course of the reforms, at the same time instilling trust, inspiring and motivating people for them. Both enterprises and all kinds of organizations will have to adapt and change quickly or they will not be able to survive in the ever-changing environment, as it is today and as it will be in the future.
A contribution to the knowledge of Neodryinus typhlocybae (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae): The flatid planthopper parasitoid
Authors: Milosavljević Marija , Tabaković-Tošić Mara , Gagić-Serdar Renata , Marković Miroslava
Published: June 2021

The paper presents the results of a two-year long study of the presence of Neodryinus typhlocybae (Hymenoptera: Dryinidae), a parasitoid and the greatest enemy of the Metcalfa pruinosa (Hemiptera:Flatidae), or the flatid planthopper in the area of Belgrade.
First record of entomopathogenic fungus Entomophaga aulicae in the populations of browntail moth in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Tabaković-Tošić Mara , Milosavljević Marija , Jovanović Sanja , Lučić Radovan
Published: June 2021

Browntail moth, is a well-known pest of broadleaf forests of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Although it is extremely polyphagous, it prefers to consume the leaves of various species of oaks. Browntail moth occurs periodically in high numbers (outbreak). Entomopathogenic fungus Entomophaga aulicae (Reichardt and Bail) Humber (Zygomycotina: Entomophtorales, Entomophtoraceae) is widespread Holarctic species, with many host insects from order Lepidoptera, where are some of the most economically harmful, outbreaking species of forest defoliators. In sessile oak forests of Eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina, the population density of browntail moth was determined by using route measurement during the growing season in the period 2015-2016. Browntail moth newly litters (40) were collected in four oak stands located in the region of Foča, Višegrad and Rogatica (PE Forests of the Republic of Srpska, Forest Estates Maglić, Panos and Sjemeć). In the litters, there were an average of 3,1 of dead old caterpillars and 4.7 pupae.The evaluation of E. aulicae infections was recorded as positive when hyphal bodies, primary conidia, or resting spores were detected on the surface of cadavers and puparia or in their tissues. The species identification was based on the size, shape and structural characteristics of different life forms of the fungus. By the microscopical studies of the causes of the mortality of the browntail moth larvae and pupae, the presence of hyphal bodies, primary conidia and resting spores of the E. aulicae were confirmed in them. The dimension of the resting spores (n=257) are 32.4 - 48.5 µm, a.v. 44.1 µm, primary conidia (n=54) 26.7-38.6 x 21.0-43.1 µm, a.v. 34.1-29.3 µm. Hyphal bodies were not measured. As entomopathogenic fungus on two development stages of the host, larvae and pupae, presented results indicate that E. aulicae is a promising microbial control agent.
Effect of IBA and TIBA on rhizogenesis of Wild cherry in vitro
Authors: Vuksanović Vanja , Kovačević Branislav , Kesić Lazar , Pavlović Lazar , Vaštag Erna , Kebert Marko
Published: June 2021

Nowadays, considerable attention is paid to wild cherry (Prunus avium L.) due to its economic and ecological importance. This fast-growing noble tree species is highly valued in furniture industry, while preservation and restoration of its genetic variability is closely related to preservation of biodiversity in general. Along with its importance there is high interest in vegetative propagation of interesting wild cherry genotypes, especially by means of tissue culture. This technique provides relatively fast propagation and production of healthy planting material. Obtained plants are used for the establishment and improvement of seed orchards or the establishment of clonal plantations dedicated for wood production. Important phase in micropropagation of wild cherry is rooting. In this work, results of application of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) in rooting medium are presented, as well as the effect of medium pH. After thirty-five days of in vitro cultivation, results of analysis of variance suggested significant effect of examined treatments on variation of parameters of rooting and survival of wild cherry explants. The best rooting and shoot growth were obtained on treatments based on modified of MS medium with 20 µIBA and pH 5.8.
Acute Gastrointestinal Bleeding in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Iqbal Umair , Anwar Hafsa , Siddiqui Hafiz Umair , Khan Muhammad Ali , Kamal Faisal , Confer Bradley D. , Khara Harshit S.
Published: June 2021

Background/Aims: More than 100 million people to date have been affected by the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Patients with COVID-19 have a higher risk of bleeding complications. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the outcomes of COVID-19 patients with signs and symptoms of acute gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB).Methods: A systematic literature search was carried out for articles published until until November 11, 2020, in the Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. We included studies on COVID-19 patients with signs and symptoms of GIB.Results: Our search yielded 49 studies, of which eight with a collective 127 patients (86 males and 41 females) met our inclusion criteria. Conservative management alone was performed in 59% of the patients, endoscopic evaluation in 31.5%, and interventional radiology (IR) embolization in 11%. Peptic ulcer disease was the most common endoscopic finding, diagnosed in 47.5% of the patients. Pooled overall mortality was 19.1% (95% confidence interval [CI]; 12.7%-27.6%) and pooled mortality secondary to GIB was 3.5% (95% CI; 1.3%–9.1%). The pooled risk of rebleeding was 11.3% (95% CI; 6.8%–18.4%).Conclusions: The majority of COVID-19 patients with GIB responded to conservative management, with a low mortality rate associated with GIB and the risk of rebleeding. Thus, we suggest limiting endoscopic and IR interventions to those with hemodynamic instability and those for whom conservative management was unsuccessful.
Determination of Surface Topography and Composition of Cr-Free Pretreatment Layers on Hot Dip Galvanized Steel
Authors: Saarimaa Ville , Markkula Antti , Juhanoja Jyrki , Skrifvars Bengt-Johan
Published: June 2021

Topography and composition of Cr-free, titanium-based pretreatment layers on hot dip galvanized steel were studied with scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and Auger electron spectroscopy. A layer within the target coating weight range (4-10 mg Ti/m2) for industrial coil coating processes contained a micro-structure with hillocks and valleys, showing significant topographical variations. A local maximum film thickness of about 50 nm was detected for a sample containing 5.0 mg Ti/m2. The hillocks were composed of metal complexes and phosphates, formed as a result of rapid zinc dissolution and metal hydroxide/phosphate precipitation reactions. During the layer formation also the polymer component of the pretreatment chemical becomes embedded within the structure. The structure composed of hillocks and valleys may be highly beneficial for paint adhesion, increasing the surface contact area for primary and secondary chemical bonding
Investigation on Microstructure and Optical Property of Nanocrystalline Silicon Thin Film
Authors: Guo Li-Qiang , Ding Jian-Ning , Cheng Guang-Gui , Ling Zhi-Yong , Zhang Zhong-Qiang
Published: June 2021

Nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si:H) thin films were deposited by capacitive coupled radio-frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF-PECVD) system with direct current (DC) bias applied. Raman, XRD and ultraviolet-visible transmission spectra were employed to investigate their microstructure and optical properties, respectively. Both the crystalline volume fraction and the average crystalline size increase with the substrate temperature. With the increase of silane concentration, the crystalline volume fraction increases, while the average crystalline size decreases. With the increase of the radio frequency (RF) power or the DC negative bias voltage, the crystalline volume fraction and the average crystalline size increase firstly, then decreases. Finally, the optical band gaps were discussed in detail.
RIVALIDAD Y SORORIDAD FEMENINA EN EL SECTOR HOTELERO DE TOLUCA, MÉXICO
Authors: Mejía Vázquez Rebeca , Serrano Barquín Rocío del Carmen , Pastor Alfonso María José
Published: June 2021

El objetivo de la investigación es analizar las relaciones intragenéricas, principalmente entre el género femenino, en trece hoteles de Toluca, México. Es una investigación de carácter cualitativo, además se realiza a partir de la perspectiva de género y el vínculo entre las dimensiones cultura, cuerpo y poder. En el trabajo se destaca el departamento de ama de llaves, donde la performance que se vive se vincula con las características socioculturalmente establecidas para lo femenino. Además, se observa que la relación entre mujeres puede ser conflictiva y difícil; sin embargo, en ocasiones puede llegarse a relaciones de sororidad.

The aim of this research is to analyze intrageneric relations, mainly the female gender relations, in thirteen hotels in Toluca, Mexico. The research is carried out from the gender perspective and the link between the dimensions of culture, body and power. Qualitative method was employed. In the research, the housekeeper area stands out, where the performance that they live is related to the socio cultural characteristics for the female gender. In addition, the results of this research indicate how the relationship between women is, which can become conflictive and difficult; however, sometimes sorority can be reached.
LA PERCEPCIÓN DEL RIESGO Y SU IMPLICACIÓN EN LA GESTIÓN Y PROMOCIÓN DE LOS DESTINOS TURÍSTICOS. EL EFECTO MODERADOR DEL DESTINO
Authors: Carballo Rita R. , Carballo María M. , León Carmelo J. , Moreno Gil Sergio
Published: June 2021

El propósito de este estudio es examinar como contribuyen los distintos tipos de riesgos (terrorismo, accidente, delincuencia, salud, catástrofes) a los que se enfrenta los turistas a la percepción de riesgo final sobre los destinos. Asimismo, el trabajo analiza el efecto moderador del destino en las relaciones causales establecidas entre los tipos de riesgos y el riesgo percibido. Para ello se comparan dos grupos de destinos: Europa (Islas Canarias, España) y Latinoamérica, con los destinos de Brasil y Colombia. El trabajo se realizó mediante encuestas online a través de una empresa especializada en los mercados potenciales de Alemania y Reino Unido. El análisis se llevó a cabo mediante un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales (SEM) para probar las relaciones causales planteadas. Aunque la percepción de seguridad y protección y su influencia en el comportamiento del turismo es importante para la promoción y gestión de las actividades turísticas, su análisis empírico ha recibido una atención limitada entre los investigadores. Los resultados de este trabajo muestran interesantes conclusiones prácticas y académicas para las organizaciones empresariales y la promoción de los destinos turísticos.

The purpose of this study is to examine how the different types of risks (terrorism, accident, crime, health, catastrophes) that tourists face contributes to the perception of final risk on destinations. Likewise, the paper analyzes the moderating effect of destination in the causal relationships established between the types of risks and the perceived risk. For this, two groups of destinations are compared: Europe (Canary Islands, Spain) and Latin America, with the destinations of Brazil and Colombia. The work was carried out through online surveys through a company specialized in the potential markets of Germany and the United Kingdom. The analysis was carried out using a model of structural equations (SEM) to prove the causal relationships raised. Although the perception of safety and protection and its influence on the behavior of tourism is important for the promotion and management of tourism activities, its empirical analysis has received limited attention among researchers. The results of this work show interesting practical and academic conclusions for business organizations and the promotion of tourist destinations.
DINÁMICAS DE URBANIZACIÓN TURÍSTICA EN EL LITORAL DE BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA
Authors: Beier Lorena Soledad , Clavé Salvador Antón , Vigier Hernán Pedro
Published: June 2021

El objetivo del presente trabajo es discutir el papel y el alcance del turismo en los procesos de urbanización del litoral en Argentina y, por extensión, en Latinoamérica. Para ello, se identifican grupos de ciudades según su dinámica turística de acuerdo a los cambios y continuidades demográficas y económicas que han experimentado durante el periodo 2001 - 2010.

Los resultados obtenidos permiten entender de manera contextualizada la naturaleza y funcionalidad turística y urbana de las diferentes ciudades del litoral de la provincia de Buenos Aires. Así, se han identificado seis grupos de ciudades según los procesos de cambio que ha provocado en ellas el turismo y se ha evidenciado la diversidad, complejidad y dinamismo que presenta cada tipo de conglomerado según sus características particulares. Todo ello ha permitido visualizar la diversidad de destinos que existen en el litoral de la provincia según su situación urbana particular y su evolución turística reciente.

Por último, se ofrecen evidencias empíricas que respaldan la concepción que el turismo no solamente tiene efectos diferenciales en los procesos de urbanización, sino que, en función de las circunstancias locales, genera dinámicas específicas que deben explicarse a partir del conocimiento de la realidad económica y la identidad de cada lugar.

The aim of this paper is to discuss the role and the impact of tourism in Argentina´s and thus Latin America´s coastal urban development processes. Hence, groups of cities with different tourism dynamics are identified according to their demographic and economic changes and continuities during the period 2001-2010.

The results allow us to understand in a contextualized way the nature and tourist and urban functionality of the different cities in the littoral of Buenos Aires. Thus, six groups of cities have been identified according to the processes of change that tourism has caused in them and the diversity, complexity and dynamism that each type of cluster presents according to its particular characteristics has been evidenced. All this has allowed to visualize the diversity of destinations that exist in the littoral of the province according to its particular urban situation and its recent tourist evolution.

Finally, empirical evidence is offered that supports the conception that tourism not only has differential effects on urbanization processes, but especially taking into account local circumstances, generates specific dynamics at the local level that must be explained from the knowledge of the economic reality and the identity of each place.
GESTIÓN DEL TALENTO DE LOS EMPLEADOS PÚBLICOS DEL SECTOR TURÍSTICO EN ANDALUCÍA
Authors: Sánchez Ollero José Luis , Sánchez Cubo Francisco , Del Cubo Arroyo Elisa
Published: June 2021

La gestión del talento del personal de la Administración Pública del sector turístico es un gran reto. Sobre todo, por la necesidad de dar soluciones a la falta de flexibilidad de sus RRHH en un sector caracterizado por su dinamismo y especialización.

En este trabajo se analiza la situación actual de los empleados públicos en Andalucía, se valida un cuestionario sobre la percepción de sus trabajadores acerca del talento y se desarrolla una herramienta innovadora sobre la Gestión Estratégica del Talento, apoyada en la “Teoría del Valor”, que podría aumentar la productividad y satisfacción entre sus trabajadores.

Managing Public Sector Employees’ Talent in the Tourism Sector is a huge challenge, especially due to the need to find solutions to the lack of flexibility of its HR in such a dynamic and specialised sector.

This paper analyses the current situation of the Andalusian´s public employees, is validated a survey about these employees’ perception about talent and it is also developed an innovative tool about Strategic Talent Management, which is based on the ‘Theory of Value’, that may increase job performance and job satisfaction between its employees.
PROCESOS DE TRANSFORMACIÓN DE LA TRAZA URBANA ANTE EL DESARROLLO DEL TURISMO A ESCALA LOCAL. VILLA DE LEYVA, COLOMBIA
Authors: Álvarez Meneses Tannia
Published: June 2021

El turismo en Villa de Leyva como actividad económica dominante ha incidido en una gestión pública orientada hacia el desarrollo turístico en donde la comunidad local percibe esta actividad en beneficio de la conservación del patrimonio cultural como el camino para el fortalecimiento de la inversión local y el mayor valor del suelo en un proceso de expansión urbana y suburbana. El análisis de las transformaciones socioespaciales se realizó desde la geografía del turismo.

Tourism in Villa de Leyva as the main economic activity has influenced public management focused on tourism development where the local community perceives this activity to the benefit of the preservation of cultural heritage as the way to strengthen local investment and greater land value in a process of urban and suburban expansion. The analysis of the socio-space transformations was carried out from the geography.
ANÁLISIS DE LA ECONOMÍA COLABORATIVA EN EL TURISMO URBANO. ESTUDIO DE LA IMPLANTACIÓN DE AIRBNB EN MADRID Y BARCELONA
Authors: Cerdá Mansilla Elena , García Henche Blanca , Such Devesa María Jesús
Published: June 2021

El presente artículo pretende contribuir a la investigación de los modelos de gestión urbana considerando la economía colaborativa, añadiendo una perspectiva integradora que evalúa el impacto real en el territorio de los alojamientos reglados y no reglados en las ciudades, con el fin de garantizar la sostenibilidad de los destinos a largo plazo, la experiencia del turista y la calidad de vida de los residentes.

Se analizan los datos de los hoteles y los apartamentos turísticos junto con los de Airbnb y se cartografía la distribución de los nuevos indicadores capaces de reflejar la situación real que están experimentado la demanda y la oferta alojativa en Madrid y Barcelona.

Gracias a esos indicadores se podrá aproximar una medición real de la economía colaborativa para garantizar la sostenibilidad de los destinos turísticos.

This paper seeks to contribute to the investigation of urban management models considering the sharing economy. Adding an integrative perspective that evaluates the real impact on the territory of regulated and unregulated accommodation in cities in order to guarantee the sustainability of the long-term destinations, the tourist experience and the quality of life of the residents.

The data of the hotels and tourist apartments are analyzed together with those of Airbnb. The data of the distribution of holiday dwellings offered by Airbnb were mapped out as new indicators capable of reflecting the real situation that demand and housing supply are experiencing in Madrid and Barcelona.

It is understood that thanks to these indicators, tourist destinations are able to direct exchanges between collaborative economy and smart economy toward achieving the purpose of the model: making destinations sustainable.
Indledning
Authors: Christensen Torben Spanget , Hobel Peter , Rørbech Helle , Niss Martin
Published: June 2021

Indledningen præsenterer og diskuterer dels begrebet 'sammenlignende fagdidaktik' og række en symposier, der har været holdt siden 2010, dels de artikler, der indgår i dette nr. af Sammenlignende Fagdidaktik.