bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A modified droplet vitrification method for cryopreservation of shoot tips from in vitro potato plants
Authors: Gavrilenko T. A. , Shvachko N. A. , Volkova N. N. , Ukhatova Yu. V.
Published: July 2019

Collections of common potato maintained in the field genebanks suffer significant losses due to the impact of extreme environmental factors, diseases and pests. The solution of the problem of safe long-term preservation of common potato accessions is to create doublet in vitro and cryo-collections. Cryogenic collections are stored at ultra-low temperatures in cryobanks. Several methods of potato cryoconservation are known, of which the droplet vitrification method developed by B. Panis with colleagues in 2005 is the most widely used in genebanks. This paper provides a detailed description of the modified method of droplet vitrification, which is used for cryopreservation of apexes (shoot tips) of potato in vitro plants at the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR). The method modified at VIR includes the main steps of the original droplet-vitrification method developed by B. Panis and colleagues: 1) preparation of plant material, 2) isolation of shoot tips, 3) treatment of explants with cryoprotector solutions, 4) freezing/immersion in liquid nitrogen, 5) thawing, 6) post-cryogenic recovery and evaluation of viability and regeneration capacity. The modifications of stages 1, 2 and 6 proposed at VIR lead to a significant reduction in the duration of cryopreservation experiments in comparison with the original method of B. Panis. This paper presents the results of cryopreservation of modern potato cultivars and South American landraces which were obtained using the method of droplet vitrification as modified at VIR. The majority (76.7 %) of the studied accessions of cultivated potato were characterized by high rates of postcryogenic recovery (40–95 %) and 23.3 % of the samples had the values of postcryogenic regeneration from 20 to 39 %, which corresponds to the minimal permissible values for long-term storage in a cryobank. Currently the modified droplet-vitrification method is used for further expanding of the VIR potato cryocollection.
Immunogenicity of recombinant fragment of orthopoxvirus p35 protein in mice
Authors: Khlusevich Ya. A. , Matveev A. L. , Goncharova E. P. , Baykov I. K. , Tikunova N. V.
Published: July 2019

Despite the elimination of smallpox, orthopoxviruses continue to be a source of biological danger for humans, as cowpox and monkey pox viruses circulate in nature and the last virus can cause both sporadic cases of human diseases and outbreaks of smallpox-like infection. In addition, periodic vaccination is necessary for representatives of some professions (scientists studying pathogenic orthopoxviruses, medical personnel, etc.). Vaccination against smallpox virus with live vaccinia virus, which was widely used during the elimination of smallpox, induces the formation of long-term immunity in vaccinated people. However, providing a high level of protection, the vaccination is often accompanied by serious post-vaccination complications, the probability of which is particularly great for individuals with compromised immunity. In this regard, the development of preparations for the prevention and treatment of infections caused by orthopoxviruses remains important today. The aim of this study was to assess the immunogenicity in the mouse model of recombinant protein р35Δ12, designed previously on the base of the cowpox virus protein p35. It was previously shown that the protein р35Δ12 was recognized by fully human neutralizing anti-orthopoxviral antibody with high affinity. In this work, recombinant protein р35Δ12 produced in E. coli cells XL1-blue and purified by chromatography was used for two-time immunization of mice. Two weeks after the second immunization, blood samples were taken from mice and serum antibodies were analyzed. It was shown by ELISA and Western-blot analysis that immunized mice sera contained IgG antibodies specific to recombinant protein р35Δ12. Confocal microscopy showed that antibodies induced by the р35Δ12 protein were able to recognize Vero E6 cells infected with the LIVP-GFP vaccinia virus. In addition, the antibodies in the serum of immunized mice were able to neutralize the infectivity of the vaccinia virus LIVP-GFP in the plaque reduction neutralization test in vitro. These experiments have demonstrated promising properties of the р35Δ12 protein if it were used as a component of vaccine for prophylaxis of orthopoxvirus infections.
Use of S. Wright’s path coefficient method for statistical analysis of interrelated traits in rice
Authors: Palamarchuk D. P. , Kozachenko M. R. , Sviatchenko S. I.
Published: July 2019

S. Wright’s analysis of plant productivity is of great current interest. The research objective was to determine the pair correlation coefficients and S. Wright’s path coefficients for rice varieties and, on their basis, to identify the contribution of each of them to the plant productivity. Ten rice varieties were taken as the test material. The experiments were conducted in the irrigated experimental field of theInstituteofRiceof the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences ofUkrainein 2013, 2014 and 2016. Seeds were sown with an SKS-6A manual seeder; the seeding rate was 7.0 mln germinable seeds per hectare. The predecessor was alfalfa. The plot area was5 m2; the sowing distance was15 cm. The plants were analyzed for the following traits: plant productivity (grain weight), panicle weight, grain weight from side stems, productive tillering capacity, grain number per panicle, spikelet number per panicle, 1000-grain weight, grain weight per panicle, plant height, panicle length and density, empty spikelet number per panicle, and incidence of blind seed disease. Pair correlation coefficients were determined by B.A. Dospekhov’s method; path analysis, by S. Wright’s method. The correlations of productivity with 12 quantitative traits of rice were determined: the correlation was close with the grain weight from side stems and medium with the panicle weight and with the grain weight per panicle. Path analysis of the plant productivity established that the correlations of plant traits with the productivity depended both on direct and indirect effects of each trait on the productivity. The relative contribution of each of the studied 12 traits to the rice productivity was determined; both direct and indirect effects of their interactions with other traits were evaluated. This made it possible to discover causes and consequences of interrelations between the traits and, as a result, to choose valuable-for-selection traits, such as panicle weight and productive tillering capacity, which had the greatest direct effects on the productivity and significant correlations with it.
Factors to affect inbred beet plants while developing material for linear selection
Authors: Fedorova M. I. , Kozar E. G. , Vetrova S. A. , Zayachkovskyi V. A. , Stepanov V. A.
Published: July 2019

Considering its capacities, the generative system of Beta vulgaris L. is regarded as highly productive. While inbreeding, the reproductive potential of cross-pollinated beet plants with gametophytic self-incompatibility (SI) changes significantly and is determined by a joint effect of multiple factors including the level of inbred depression. In the present study, original data have been obtained revealing relationships between inbred beet seed productivity, its self-incompatibility and microgametophyte parameters, which is crucial for developing and maintaining constant fertile beet lines. It has been discovered that inbred depression increases the number of sterile microgametes and anomalous pollen grains, reduces pollen fertility and the length of pollen tubes. As a result, the seed yield in inbred beet progeny, including SI ones, reduces significantly just after the third inbreeding. At the same time, highly productive inbred beet is characterized by a lower rate of pollen tube growth in vitro. In inbred plants, there is no close relationship between pollen viability and seed productivity, because the elimination of germinated male gametes and degeneration of seed embryos may go over the entire period of fertilization starting its progamic phase. The SI plants have more degenerating embryos than self-fertile ones, but seed vessel outgrowth in the seeds with abortive embryos makes them morphologically similar to fertile seeds. For that reason, when assessing inbred beet plants based on their self-incompatibility/self-fertility, one should consider the qualitative characteristics of the seeds. Using the method of recurrent selection based on such factors as seed productivity, pollen tube length and field germination rate increase the output of plant forms with a potentially high self-compatibility in their progeny. To support such genotypes in the progeny, one has to, starting from the third inbreeding, perform sib crossing to reduce the negative effect of inbred depression and self-incompatibility.
Effect of neonatal dexamethasone treatment on cognitive abilities of adult male mice and gene expression in the hypothalamus
Authors: Bondar N. P. , Reshetnikov V. V. , Burdeeva K. V. , Merkulova T. I.
Published: July 2019

The early postnatal period is critical for the development of the nervous system. Stress during this period causes negative long-term effects, which are manifested at both behavioral and molecular levels. To simulate the elevated glucocorticoid levels characteristic of early-life stress, in our study we used the administration of dexamethasone, an agonist of glucocorticoid receptors, at decreasing doses at the first three days of life (0.5, 0.3, 0.1 mg/kg, s.c.). In adult male mice with neonatal dexamethasone treatment, an increase in the relative weight of the adrenal glands and a decrease in body weight were observed, while the basal level of corticosterone remained unchanged. Dexamethasone treatment in early life had a negative impact on the learning and spatial memory of adult mice in the Morris water maze. We analyzed the effect of elevated glucocorticoid levels in early life on the expression of the Crh, Avp, Gr, and Mr genes involved in the regulation of the HPA axis in the hypothalami of adult mice. The expression level of the mineralocorticoid receptor gene (Mr) was significantly downregulated, and the glucocorticoid receptor gene (Gr) showed a tendency towards decreased expression (p = 0.058) in male mice neonatally treated with dexamethasone, as compared with saline administration. The expression level of the Crh gene encoding corticotropin-releasing hormone was unchanged, while the expression of the vasopressin gene (Avp) was increased in response to neonatal administration of dexamethasone. The obtained results demonstrate a disruption of negative feedback regulation of the HPA axis, which involves glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors, at the level of the hypothalamus. Malfunction of the HPA axis as a result of activation of the glucocorticoid system in early life may cause the development of cognitive impairment in the adult mice.
Population genetics of spinoсerebellar ataxias caused by polyglutamine expansions
Authors: Shuvaev A. N. , Belozor O. S. , Smolnikova M. V. , Yakovleva D. A. , Shuvaev Andr. N. , Kazantseva O. M. , Pozhilenkova E. A. , Mozhei O. I. , Kasparov S.
Published: July 2019

Hereditary disorders of the neuronal system are some of the most important problems of medicine in the XXI century. The most interesting representatives of this group are highly prevalent polyglutamine spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs). It has a basement for quick progression of expansion among different groups all over the World. These diseases are SCA1, 2, 3, 6, 7 and 17, which phenotypically belong to one group due to similarities in clinics and genetics. The substrate of these genetic conditions is CAG trinucleotide repeat of Ataxin genes which may expand in the course of reproduction. For this reason a characteristic feature of these diseases is not only an increase in patient numbers, but also a qualitative change in the progression of their neurological symptoms. All these aspects are reflected in the structure of the incidence of polyglutamine SCAs, both at the global level and at the level of individual population groups. However, most scientific reports that describe the population genetics of polyglutamine SCAs are limited to quantitative indicators of a specific condition in a certain area, while the history of the occurrence and principles of the distribution of polyglutamine SCAs are poorly understood. This prevents long-term predictions of the dynamics of the disease and development of strategies for controlling the spread of mutations in the populations. In this paper we make a detailed analysis of the polyglutamine SCAs population genetics, both in the whole world and specifically in theRussian Federation. We note that for a better analysis it would be necessary to cover a wider range of populations in Africa, Asia andSouth America, which will be possible with the development of new methods for molecular genetics. Development of new methods of detection of polyglutamine SCAs will allow the scientists to better understand how they lead to the brain disease, the means of their spread in the population and to develop better methods for therapy and prevention of these diseases.
The role of olfactory transport in the penetration of manganese oxide nanoparticles from blood into the brain
Authors: Romashchenko A. V. , Sharapova M. B. , Morozova К. N. , Kiseleva E. V. , Kuper K. E. , Petrovskii D. V.
Published: July 2019

There is no doubt that various nanoparticles (NPs) can enter the brain from the nasal cavity. It is assumed that NPs can penetrate from blood into the central nervous system (CNS) only by breaking the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The accumulation of NPs in CNS can provoke many neurological diseases; therefore, the understanding of its mechanisms is of both academic and practical interest. Although hitting from the surface of the lungs into the bloodstream, NPs can accumulate in various mucous membranes, including the nasal mucosa. Thus, we cannot rule out the ability of NPs to be transported from the bloodstream to the brain through the olfactory uptake. To test this hypothesis, we used paramagnetic NPs of manganese oxide (Mn3O4-NPs), whose accumulation patterns in the mouse brain were recorded using T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. The effect of intranasal application of endocytosis and axonal transport inhibitors on the brain accumulation patterns of intranasally or intravenously injected Mn3O4-NPs was evaluated. A comparative analysis of the results showed that the transport of Mn3O4-NPs from the nasal cavity to the brain is more efficient than their local permeation through BBB into CNS from the bloodstream, for example with the accumulation of Mn3O4NPs in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus, and through the capture and transport of NPs from the blood by olfactory epithelium cells. Also, experiments with the administration of chlorpromazine, a specific inhibitor of clathrin-dependent endocytosis, and methyl-β-cyclodextrin, inhibitor of the lipid rafts involved in the capture of substances by endothelium cells, showed differences in the mechanisms of NP uptake from the nasal cavity and from the bloodstream. In this study, we show a significant contribution of axonal transport to NP accumulation patterns in the brain, both from the nasal cavity and from the vascular bed. This explains the accumulation of different sorts of submicron particles (neurotropic viruses, insoluble xenobiotics, etc.), unable to pass BBB, in the brain. The results will add to the understanding of the pathogenesis of various neurodegenerative diseases and help studying the side effects of therapeutics administered intravenously.
System opiniowania funkcjonariuszy służb mundurowych
Authors: Jaworski Bogdan
Published: July 2019

Ocena funkcjonariusza następuje w drodze opiniowania służbowego, które od­bywa się co określony czas lub w konkretnie wskazanych sytuacjach. Opinia służbowa jest jednym z motywatorów do lepszej realizacji zadań służbowych oraz kształtowania pożądanych w danej służbie postaw. W pracy skupiono się na analizie prawodawstwa oraz toku postępowania w sprawie opiniowania służbowego w wybranych reprezentatywnych służbach mundurowych. Materiał badawczy uzupełniony został o liczne orzecznictwo sądów administracyjnych w sprawach dotyczących opiniowania funkcjonariuszy. Przybliżono także poglądy doktryny odnoszące się w sposób teoretyczny do zachodzących procesów podczas oceny. Zebrany materiał badawczy oraz dokonana analiza przepisów prawa pozwoliła na skonstruowanie wniosków, które mogą zostać wykorzystane w procesie stanowienia prawa w zakresie pragmatyk służbowych, w kwestiach dotyczących opiniowania służbowego funkcjonariuszy.
Praworządność w perspektywie zasady podtrzymywania oraz pogłębiania komunikacji między ludźmi
Authors: Rossmanith Anna
Published: July 2019

W artykule poruszono problematykę praworządności w znaczeniu szerszym i węższym, odnosząc się do koncepcji moralności prawa L.L. Fullera. Postawiono także kwestię związku między formalnymi wymogami praworządności a zasadą podtrzymywania oraz pogłębiania komunikacji między ludźmi.
Distinguishing Subgroups in Opposition to Infant Immunization: Results From the Listening to Mothers III Survey
Authors: Cheng Erika R. , Ranchoff Brittany , Declercq Eugene R.
Published: July 2019

Objective

To investigate factors associated with parental intention of refusing or altering their child's vaccination schedule.

Methods

Data were from the 2011–2012 Listening to Mothers III survey (N = 1,053). Weighted bivariate and multivariate analyses examined factors related to refusing or altering vaccination.

Results

3.2% of mothers planned to refuse vaccination and 12.3% preferred to alter the recommended schedule. Preference to refuse was associated with maternal age <25 years (AOR 4.33; 95% CI: 1.18, 15.9), prior refusal of maternity care (AOR 6.04; 95% CI: 1.88, 19.4), and living outside of the Northeast. Schedule modification was only associated with prior refusal of care.

Conclusions

Mothers preferring not to immunize their children and those wishing to alter the vaccination schedule represent two distinct groups.
A IMPORTÂNCIA DA FISCALIZAÇÃO, INCLUSIVE VIRTUAL, DA PUBLICIDADE NA ADVOCACIA PELA OAB
Authors: Jr. Biela
Published: July 2019

Na atual sociedade da informação e a facilidade tecnológica, a publicidade na advocacia vai além dos cartões de visita, placas identifcativas ou anúncios em listas de telefone ou análogas. Ao contrário, o que se vê é a utilização da persuasão por meio da publicidade, mercantilizando e banalizando a advocacia com o fm precípuo de captação de clientela em total afronta ao estabelecido no Código de Ética e Disciplina dos Advogados. Faltas éticas no tocante à publicidade na advocacia já existiam, porém, com o advento da internet, tais faltas se acentuaram, pois, imagina-se que a internet e as redes sociais são terra de ninguém, sem lei, onde tudo é permitido e não há vigilância ou fscalização. Nesse sentido, o presente artigo busca fazer uma análise da importância da fscalização ética da publicidade dos advogados para se dar efetividade ao cumprimento da norma jurídica, o CED, se fazendo necessária uma maior fscalização por parte da OAB, inclusive virtual, em cumprimento ao que dispõe o art. 44, I e II do EOAB.
A VERTENTE RACIONAL DO JUSNATURALISMO
Authors: Friede Reis
Published: July 2019

O debate que envolve o Jusnaturalismo e o Juspositivismo tem inspirado as reﬂexões de juristas e flósofos. Muito embora se possa afrmar que grande parte das históricas controvérsias associadas ao confronto entre o Direito Positivo e o Direito Natural já tenham sido superadas, subsistem inúmeros aspectos que merecem uma dedicação acadêmica. Não obstante opiniões divergentes, as quais pugnam pelo enfraquecimento teórico do assunto, o passar dos séculos demonstra justamente o contrário, posto não ter conseguido eliminar a estima dos pensadores pela temática ora desenvolvida. Deste modo, o presente artigo discorre sobre as características do denominado Jusnaturalismo Racional (ou Moderno).
O COMPLIANCE E O DIREITO PREVENTIVO
Authors: Lóssio Claudio Joel Brito , Santos Coriolano Aurélio Almeida Camargo
Published: July 2019

A instrumentalização contratual é uma grande ferramenta para prevenção em litígios nas empresas. Os contratos tratados pelo trabalho de Compliance Judicial apresentam caráter bilateral. O Compliance é a busca pela conformidade, o cumprimento da lei e das políticas internas de cada instituição. O programa de Compliance busca estabelecer alguns processos visando o cumprimento da legislação dentro das instituições, seja esta pública ou privada. O Trabalho de Compliance é um programa bastante incentivado pelos governos. A efetivação do Trabalho de Compliance é através do instrumento de Contrato, devidamente assinado, entendidos e treinados. A conformidade empresarial, principalmente no setor de Tecnologia da Informação combate a corrupção. O trabalho para buscar combater a corrupção e fraude foca não só nas instituições públicas, mas também não empresas privadas e em consequência disso, o trabalho de conformidade jurídico. A prevenção através do Trabalho de Compliance é um papel também do Gestor, assim poderá fazer com que seja evitado tanto o processo judicial, quanto o extrajudicial.
DESLOCAMENTO AMBIENTAL: CAUSAS E CONSEQUÊNCIAS OBSERVADAS ATRAVÉS DAS DIMENSÕES DA SUSTENTABILIDADE
Authors: Queiroz Yury Augusto Dos Santos , Garcia Heloise Siqueira
Published: July 2019

O objetivo geral e científco deste artigo é analisar quais são as principais causas e consequências dos deslocamentos ambientais e como essa migração de pessoas pode afetar a localidade receptora, bem como verifcar de que forma a população deslocada é afetada pelos desastres ambientais. o trabalho foi dividido em dois, no primeiro momento veremos as dimensões da sustentabilidade de forma sucinta e como elas se apresentam. no segundo, veremos as causas e consequências de alguns desastres ambientais. quanto à metodologia foi utilizado o método indutivo na fase de investigação; o cartesiano na fase de tratamento de dados; e também o indutivo no relatório da pesquisa. foram ainda acionadas as técnicas do referente, da categoria, dos conceitos operacionais, da pesquisa bibliográfica e do fchamento.
Recordando a Víctor Urquidi en el centenario de su nacimiento. El debate económico actual
Authors: De Maria y Campos Mauricio
Published: July 2019

En fechas recientes se llevó a cabo un homenaje a uno de los grandes y más destacados economistas mexicanos, el distinguido Víctor L. Urquidi, con motivo del centenario de su nacimiento en El Colegio de México. Diversos intelectuales y analistas destacaron su particular legado y trayectoria, así como el rescate de sus aportes contemporáneos, embonando los distintos planteamientos y desafíos que enfrenta México en el contexto actual en materia de economía, política y reforma fiscal y monetaria. El ensayo también hace un recuento de su rol como constructor de instituciones.
Crítica de la teoría económica neoclásica
Authors: Nadal Alejandro
Published: July 2019

Este ensayo examina críticamente las principales características estructurales y los resultados de la teoría del equilibrio general (TEG). Se revisa el fracaso de la TEG en su intento por demostrar estabilidad global para el caso general de un mercado de n bienes conectado por un sistema de precios. Este resultado negativo es conocido a partir de los trabajos de Arrow, Block, Hurwicz y Scarf; pero esa conclusión se reafirma de manera contundente con el teorema Sonnenschein-Mantel-Debreu. El ensayo también cubre los modelos de formación de precios con intercambios fuera del equilibrio (modelos de non-tâtonnement) en los que se pierde la unicidad del equilibrio. La presencia del subastador walrasiano y las dificultades para introducir el dinero también son analizadas. La TEG también falla en su intento para demostrar la existencia del equilibrio general competitivo con un teorema de punto fijo toda vez que los mapeos utilizados en dicha demostración carecen de la interpretación económica que comúnmente se les atribuye. Finalmente el ensayo analiza algunas implicaciones para la teoría macroeconómica neoclásica y el proyecto reduccionista con expectativas racionales y agentes representativos para dotar de “microfundamentos” al análisis macroeconómico.
La privatización de las pensiones: tres décadas de fracasos
Authors: OIT Organización Internacional del Trabajo
Published: July 2019

Entre 1981 y 2014, treinta países privatizaron total o parcialmente sus sistemas de pensiones públicas obligatorias; en 2018, dieciocho países habían revertido las privatizaciones. Este informe analiza el fracaso de los sistemas de pensiones privadas obligatorias para mejorar la seguridad de ingresos en la vejez y su bajo desempeño en términos de cobertura, niveles de beneficios, costos administrativos, costos de transición, e impactos sociales y fiscales negativos, entre otros.
PENGARUH EKSPOR DAN IMPOR TERHADAP PRODUK DOMESTIK BRUTO INDONESIA TAHUN 2008-2017
Authors: Febriyanti Dea Fitri
Published: July 2019

This research is conducted to (1) analyze the effect of export and import simultaneous towards Gross Domestic Product of Indonesia in period 2008-2017; (2) analyze the most dominant factors in influencing Gross Domestic Product of Indonesia in period 2008-2017.
            This research was taken place in Indonesia and using secondary data obtained from the website Badan Pusat Statistik, Kementerian Perdagangan Republik Indonesia and Katadata and than that will made and analyze using multiple linear regression. This analysis will be tested through partial test (the t test) and simultaneous test (the f test).
            The result of this research shows that in partial export has an effect towards Gross Domestic Product significantly and import has no effect towards Gross Domestic Product significantly. In simultaneous export and import have an effect towards Gross Domestic Product significantly. Exports are the most dominant influence in influencing Gross Domestic Product of Indonesia in period 2008-2017.
Keyword : Export, Import, Gross Domestic Product
Remediation of Chromium Contaminated Soil by Phyto-Bio System (PBS) Application
Authors: Rosariastuti Retno , Maisyarah Selly , Sudadi Sudadi , Hartati Sri , Purwanto Purwanto
Published: July 2019

Chromium polluted water was increased as the result of the growth of the industries, due to their industrial waste were most likely contain heavy metals, especially textile industrial waste that was discarded to the rivers. This research aimed to study the removal of chromium levels in soil used the symbiosis between plant and bacteria. Soil sample contained with 4.33 mg kg-1 and the irrigation water sample contained with 1.09 mg l-1 of total chromium. This research design was factorial with Randomized Complete Block Design as the based design There were 3 factors in this study: 1.  inorganic fertilizer (P): P0: without inorganic fertilizer, P1: with inorganic fertilizer; 2. chelator (B):B0: without chelator, B1: with chelator Rhizobium sp I3, B2: with chelator manure; 3. Plant (T): T0 without plant, T1: with plant. Data were analyzed by statistical analysis using ANOVA continued by T-test or Duncan Multiple Range test and correlation test. The result showed that the remediation process reduced chromium levels in soil with the removal effectivity up to 71.90% on the treatment combination of NPK fertilizer+manure+plant while removal effectivity on plant-only treatment was 55.66%. The chromium levels in Fimbristylis globulosa were in the range from 1.82–3.15 μ g-1, it indicated that Fimbristylis globulosa was a feasible plant for bioremediation. Fimbristylis globulosa grew well and has the ability to absorb chromium, especially by combining it with Rhizobium sp I3and the chromium uptake in roots was higher than shoots.
Effects of Boron Fertilization on Sunflower Grown on Low Boron Sandy Soil
Authors: Dhassi Khalid , Drissi Saad , Makroum Kacem , Nasreddine Fatimzahra , Amlal Fouad , Aït Houssa Abdelhadi
Published: July 2019

Agronomists evaluate soil boron fertility with the threshold of around 0.5 mg kg-1(hot water extraction). The nonappearance of boron deficiency on sunflower, when grown on low boron sandy soil, was investigated to test the validity of this boron guideline fertility. The soil boron content was around 0.19mg kg-1. Pot experiments were conducted during 2015 season and repeated during 2016 season. Six boron levels were applied to soil: (0, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 5, and 10mg kg-1) in 2015 and (0, 2, 5, 10, 15, and 20mg kg-1) in 2016. Boron was applied as Solubor-C (Na2B8O13.4H2O, 21% of boron). The results revealed that soil boron application did not enhance kernels weight and kernels oil and protein contents. However, boronsupplyhigher than or equal to 1mg kg-1 resulted in visible leaf damage. Also, a significant decrease in kernels weight was recorded at high boron levels (15 and 20 mg kg-1). The kernels boron content did not increase with a successive increase in dose of boron supply. It was sufficient, around 16mg kg-1, for all boron tested amounts. Also, plant content on other nutrients was not affected by boron application. The soil residual boron enrichment was around 0.3 mg kg-1 for each boron application of 2 mg kg-1.
Epizootiological Monitoring of Natural Focal Infections in the South of the European Part of the Russian Federation in 2017
Authors: Vasilenko N. F. , Maletskaya O. V. , Prislegina D. A. , Manin E. A. , Semenko O. V. , Shaposhnikova L. I. , Volynkina A. S. , Lisitskaya Ya. V. , Taran T. V. , Varfolomeeva N. G. , Gerasimenko E. V. , Kulichenko A. N.
Published: July 2019

Objective– analysis of epizootiological manifestations of natural focal infections in the territory of the south of the European part of the Russian Federation in 2017.

Materials and methods. Statistical documentation data from the Rospotrebnadzor Administrations, Centers of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, and Plague Control Research Institutes and Stations were used. The information was processed using Microsoft Excel 2010 software.

Results and discussion. Epizootiological survey for 19 nosological forms of natural focal infections in the territory of the south of the European part of the Russian Federation was conducted. The total of 70155 samples of field material was tested; markers of 14 pathogens of natural focal infections were identified. The circulation of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus was revealed in 11 constituent entities, tularemia and Lyme borreliosis pathogens – in 8 entities, West Nile virus – in 7. Markers of leptospirosis, Q fever, human granulocytic anaplasmosis and human monocytic ehrlichiosis pathogens were detected in 6 constituent entities, markers of the agent of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome – in 5 entities; markers of intestinal yersiniosis pathogen – in 3 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, pathogens of tick spotted fevers group, tick-borne viral encephalitis and pseudotuberculosis – in 2. The circulation of the virus Sindbis was identified in the Rostov Region.
Zika Fever: Development of Diagnostics, Prevention and Treatment
Authors: Kazachinskaya E. I. , Shan’shin D. V. , Ivanova A. V.
Published: July 2019

This review is devoted to the analysis of the literature data on the development of tools for diagnostics of Zika fever and detection of etiological agent – Zika virus (ZIKV) belonging to the Flaviviridae family. Preventive vaccines and antiviral drugs are also considered. RT-PCR method is critical for confirmation of Zika fever diagnosis. ZIKV RNA may be detected in blood serum, saliva, amniotic and cerebrospinal fluids, urine, semen, vaginal and cervical secretions. The duration of viremia in case of Zika fever is short; therefore the presence of ZIKV RNA in urine and sperm for up to 26 and 80 days, respectively, extends the time interval for the detection of this pathogen. Detection of IgM antibodies by serological methods is not a good reason to confirm a recent infection, since antibodies of this class, specific to flaviviruses, circulate in the bloodstream for more than 12 weeks. The IgM show high diagnostic value in confirmation of congenital infection only. There is a problem of differential diagnostics of flavivirus infections caused by antigenically related viruses that are dangerous for humans, for instance, Dengue, Yellow fever, West Nile fever viruses, tick-borne and Japanese encephalitis viruses. It is associated with the similarity of their genomes and, consequently, similar antigenic structure of viral proteins, structural glycoprotein E in particular. More reliable results can be obtained by using the nonstructural glycoprotein NS1, produced by molecular biology methods, as an antigen for the detection of specific antibodies. This viral protein can also be used in serological tests, as a clinical indicator in case of acute Zika fever. Forty five types of candidate vaccines against ZIKV, such as inactivated, live attenuated, recombinant, peptide, recombinant DNA and RNA-based, virus-vector and virus-like particle ones were designed and studied. It was established that their protective efficacy is mediated by induced antibodies, specific to structural glycoprotein E which initiates receptor binding and fusion with the membranes of infected cells. Currently, there is no licensed preparation for treating patients with flaviviral infections. Various drugs are screened, both with known antiviral effect and approved for use in clinical practice, and new compounds that inhibit the penetration of viral particles into host cells (structural glycoprotein E being the target) and virus replication (targets are NS5, NS2B nonstructural proteins).
Recombinant Escherichia coli Strain with Enhanced Production of Vibrio cholerae Neuraminidase
Authors: Monakhova E. V. , Demidova G. V. , Pisanov R. V. , Duvanova O. V. , Mishan’kin B. N.
Published: July 2019

Objectiveof this work was cloning of the Vibrio cholerae nanH gene as part of a plasmid vector, providing expression of foreign genes under the control of T5 promoter, and construction of a E. coli strain – producer of V. cholerae recombinant neuraminidase.

Materials and methods. V. cholerae о1 strain served as a DNA donor, pQE30 – as a vector plasmid. The gene was PCR-amplifi ed, the cloning was carried out by means of conventional methods, performance of recombinants and localization of the required protein was determined based on the results of electrophoresis of cell lysates. Neuraminidase activity was identifi ed by fl uorescence in ultraviolet light after incubation with specifi c substrate (4-methylumbelliferyl-N-acetylneuraminic acid).

Results and discussion. Recombinant plasmid pNanH, containing the cloned gene nanH V. cholerae, has been constructed. The gene is inserted into BamHI-PstI sites of the polylinker of pQE30. Expression of the cloned gene in the producer strain E. coli JM103pNanH occurs under the control of T5 promoter after isopropyl-1-thio-β-D-galactopyranoside (IPTG) induction. The strain shows neuraminidase activity. The recombinant NanH protein is accumulated in the producer’s cells in two forms. The fi rst form, with molecular mass (MM) of 89.5 kDa, is an unprocessed protein with the hexahistidine block (6His-tag) at its N-terminus, it is located in inclusion bodies. Its percentage is 5.6–6.6 % of the total cell proteins. The second one, with MM of 83 kDa, is found in the periplasmic space and corresponds to the mature NanH, its percentage being 3.4–3.8 %. The total percentage of both forms is 9–10 % of total cell proteins, which allows to consider the strain E. coli JM103pNanH to be a super-producer of the required protein. The strain may be used for purifi cation of NanH preparations for construction of specifi c diagnostic, therapeutic and pharmaceutical preparations as well as for investigation of the protein as a virulence/persistence factor of the pathogen.
Tick-Borne Viral Encephalitis Incidence in the Constituent Entities of the Russian Federation. Communication 2. Verification of Conformity of the Forecast Data and Seasonal Monitoring of Actual Morbidity Rates
Authors: Nikitin A. Ya. , Andaev E. I. , Noskov A. K. , Pakskina N. D. , Yatsmenko E. V. , Verigina E. V. , Balakhonov S. V.
Published: July 2019

Abstract. Despite the decreasing TBE incidence trend in Russia, the disease is considered an ongoing challenge for the state’s public health and economics. Objective of our study was to describe the algorithm of short-term incidence forecast of TBE, to evaluate the conformity of these data to factual incidence and the results of annual strategic seasonal monitoring which takes place across all the entities of Russia. In the paper, we described the procedure for providing short-term extrapolation of TBE incidence forecast onto the Russian territories, depending on the absence or presence of incidence change trends.

Materials and methods. Utilized were the State statistics, “The data on infectious and parasitic diseases” (Form No 2), as well as the information on strategic monitoring for a period of 2007–2018. In order to determine the multi-year trend of epidemic process development, regression analysis was applied. If the trend was identified, predictions were made on its basis, if not – through calculating the long-term annual average. In all the cases, 95 % confidence interval for incidence trend deviation was considered. Comparative analysis of actual morbidity rates and predicted ones and the data on strategic monitoring was conducted by Student’s criterion.The commutations were performed using Excel software tools.

Results and discussion. The study has demonstrated that the expected rates of TBE incidence are not statistically different from the actual incidence or the data from strategic monitoring. The underestimation of the epidemiological risk is found only in 4 out of 49 entities (8,2 %), and it is of note that in 3 of them it was less than 16 %. The data from operational monitoring are downward biased by reference to actual incidence, which is probably due to inclusion of TBE cases confirmed and/or manifested upon termination of incubation period after expiration of terms of weekly observations. The unified and simple approach that we proposed to TBE-incidence forecasting within the territory of Russia provides for correct information on expected epidemiological risk assessment and timely planning of required preventative measures.
Membongkar Imperialisme dalam Kebijakan Pajak Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM)
Authors: Aneswari Yuyung Rizka
Published: July 2019

This article aims to criticize the fairness of the application of the final tariff income
tax for MSME This research is in a critical paradigm using Sukarno's thinking
Marhaenism as a tool to criticize. Marhaenisme has three basic values, namely Sosio
Nasionalisme, Sosio Demokrasi dan Ketuhanan yang Maha Esa. The results show
that taxation policy does not take into account the unique characteristics of SMEs,
allegedly only concerned with a certain type of dolongan and loaded with the spirit
of materialism. This research has a policy contraibution that provides a discourse for
the government on a fair tax implementation scheme, especially for MSMEs.
Dampak Prosedur dan Reviu Inspektorat Terhadap Peningkatan Akuntabilitas LKPD Provinsi Banten
Authors: Listira Jessi Chintiaranita , Kristanto Septian Bayu
Published: July 2019

This research wants to analyze the effect of procedure and review inspectorate towards accountability of Local Government Financial Statement (LGFS) Banten Province. Researchers interested in extreme changes of audit opinion on LGFS Banten in period 2013 to 2016. The change from disclaimer opinion to qualified opinion, and then unqualified opinions in short period are crucial. The analyze result of LGFS in 2016 shows that the review procedures from The Audit Board of Republic Indonesia (BPK RI) are reasonably assured. Those reviews are effecting the increasing of accountability of LGFS in period 2015 and 2016. This result means Banten Province has been covered their LGFS quality. The suggestion in this research is to optimize the role of Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus (APIP) to maintain the quality and accountability of LGFS in the future.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST DAN INDEPENDENSI AUDITOR PADA KANTOR AKUNTAN PUBLIK DI BALI
Authors: Kurniawan Saputra Komang Adi , Juniariani Ni Made Rai , Jayawarsa A. A. Ketut
Published: July 2019

This study aims to examine the effect of conflict of interest and independence on auditor performance at the Public Accounting Firm in Bali with quantitative research methods. The population in this study were auditors registered in the directory of the Institute of Public Accountants in Bali amounting to 67 auditors, which at the same time made the whole population sampled or called total sampling. The sampling technique used is a non-probability sampling method with saturated samples or census techniques. To test the influence between variables, OLS (Ordinary Least Square) Multiple Linear Regression is used. The results of this study are the conflict of interest variables and independence have a significant positive effect on the performance of the aduitor registered at the Public Accounting Firm in Bali.
PENGARUH KECERDASAN INTELEKTUAL, EMOSIONAL DAN SPRITUAL TERHADAP PERILAKU ETIS MAHASISWA AKUNTANSI DALAM PRAKTIK PELAPORAN KEUANGAN
Authors: - Arisman , - Darmuji
Published: July 2019

This aims of this sudy was to obtain empirical evidence about the influence of intel-lectual intelligence, emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence to ethical behavior accounting students in financial reporting practices. The population of this research was 37 accounting students at the Jambi Polytechnic. The data analysis technique used is simple linear regression analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that intellectual intelligence, emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence positively influence the ethical behavior of accounting students in financial reporting practices.
Explicit Determination of Reserves for Variable-Bottomhole-Pressure Conditions in Gas Rate-Transient Analysis
Authors: Wang Yang , Ayala Luis F.
Published: July 2019

Current rate-transient-analysis tools for gas wells producing under boundary-dominated-flow (BDF) conditions largely rely on the deployment of the Arps empirical decline models (Arps 1945), or liquid-based analytical models rewritten in terms of pseudofunctions. Recently, Stumpf and Ayala (2016) demonstrated that, contrary to common practice, decline exponents (b) used in Arps’ hyperbolic equations when applied to gas-well analysis can be rigorously estimated before any field-production data are collected. This determination is solely dependent on gas pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) properties and prevailing constant-bottomhole-pressure (BHP) specification for volumetric, single-phase gas-flow conditions. In the study, we extend that work to a more-realistic variable-BHP condition, which is the most common production-specification condition, in terms of the ratio of changing BHP to average reservoir pressure. The decline exponent (b) is thus rederived, and it is shown that under such conditions, variable BHP hyperbolic decline coefficients become solely dependent on fluid PVT properties and take their largest possible magnitude compared with constant-BHP production. Step-by-step analysis procedures are presented that enable explicit and straightforward estimation of original gas in place (OGIP) and other reservoir properties by universal-type-curve and straight-line analysis. Finally, several cases using simulated and field data are discussed in detail to validate the capabilities of the proposed approach.
Online reported women's experiences of symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse after vaginal birth
Authors: Mirskaya Maria , Lindgren Eva-Carin , Carlsson Ing-Marie
Published: July 2019

Background: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a major public health problem with a relative high lifetime risk of surgery. The main risk factor for developing POP is vaginal birth. Many women become symptomatic later in life and most of the existing research on symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse (sPOP) predominantly concentrates on the effects of the condition on postmenopausal women. However, bothersome symptoms of POP can be reported as early as in women’s 20s and may occur shortly after vaginal birth. Limited studies provide an insight into daily life of fertile women with sPOP. Thus, we aimed to explore fertile women's experiences of symptomatic pelvic organ (sPOP) after vaginal birth. Methods: An inductive, text-driven approach was taken by selecting thread posts from an internet forum written by 33 Swedish fertile women who had experienced sPOP after vaginal birth.
Results: The overarching theme “being irreparably damaged” was identified as representing an experience of being disabled by sPOP after vaginal birth. The fertile women experienced that their lives were ruined because of physical and psychological limitations caused by this unexpected, unfamiliar and unexplained condition. Living with sPOP impinged on sexual health, restricted daily and sports activities and affected the women´s ability to fulfill everyday parental duties. This in turn compromised women’s psychological health. In addition, the negligence of healthcare professionals who tended to trivialize and normalize the symptoms led to the belief that there were no sustainable treatments and that women would have to live with bothersome symptoms of POP for rest of their lives.
Conclusions: This study found that sPOP had a significant negative impact on fertile women’s lives. The women indicated that they had not had the opportunity to voice their concerns and had not been taken seriously by healthcare professionals. It is of the utmost importance to acknowledge this problem and develop guidelines for prevention and management of sPOP to improve the quality of life for women.
A novel echocardiographic parameter for assessment of right ventricular function in acute pulmonary embolism: an experimental study
Authors: Zeng Decai , Wu Ji , Chen Hui , Tan Ying , Che Xueyu , Zhang Ting
Published: July 2019

Background

Right ventricular (RV) dysfunction played a decisive role in clinical management and associated with poor prognosis in acute pulmonary embolism (PE). It still remains challenging to estimate RV function accurately for the reason of complex structure and geometry. The present study aimed to determine the value of right ventricular outﬂow tract systolic excursion (RVOT-SE) in evaluating RV function in an animal model with acute PE.

Methods

Thirty-three healthy New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned to massive thrombus group, sub-massive thrombus group and control group, 11 rabbits per group. The acute PE model was established by intravenous infusion of autologous blood clots. After 1h of thrombus injection, transthoracic echocardiography was performed to assess RV function in all rabbits.

Results

The acute PE model was successfully made in 18 rabbits (massive thrombus group, n = 8; sub-massive thrombus group n = 10). Right/left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (RV/LV) ratio and RV myocardial performance (Tei) index were significantly increased, while RV fractional area change (RVFAC), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and RVOT_SE were reduced in massive thrombus group. The value of RVOT-SE and RVFAC in sub-massive thrombus group decreased significantly compared with control group (P < 0.05). But there was no significant difference in RV/LV, TAPSE and Tei index (P > 0.05). ROC analysis showed that RVOT-SE had high sensitivity (94.4%) and specificity (72.7%) in identifying RV dysfunction in acute PE. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for combined TAPSE and RVOT-SE was greater than that of TAPSE or RVOT-SE alone (AUC= 0.962, P < 0.01).

Conclusion

RV function in acute PE is significantly decreased, which is closely related to the size of embolus. RVOT_SE is a simple and highly distinctive parameter in identifying RV dysfunction and tends to be superior to conventional parameters in acute PE. The combination of RVOT-SE and TAPSE can further improve the diagnostic accuracy of acute PE.