bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differences in career maturity among adjudicated and nonadjudicated male students with and without disabilities
Authors: Smedley Mark , Levinson Edward M. , Barker William F. , DeAngelis Danielle L.
Published: December 2011

The authors investigated the level of career maturity of nonadjudicated high school students without disabilities and 3 groups of adjudicated high school students: those without disabilities, those with learning disabilities, and those with emotional disturbance. Also investigated was the relationship between career maturity and behavioral functioning, using the Behavior Assessment System for Children‐Self‐Report of Personality (BASC‐SRP; C. R. Reynolds & R. W. Kamphaus, 1992). No significant differences existed between nonadjudicated and adjudicated students without disabilities. Adjudicated students with emotional disabilities and learning disabilities scored significantly lower than nonadjudicated high school students without disabilities on the overall measure of career maturity. Career maturity was found to be significantly but only moderately related to 8 behavioral domains on the BASC‐SRP.
how organizations should respond to rape in the workplace
Authors: Lee Ellen , Kleiner Brian H.
Published: December 2011

Each year, approximately 51,000 incidents of rape and sexual assault occur in the workplace. If an incident of rape occurs in the workplace, management can adopt several procedures for both the assaulted victim and the organization. First, encourage coworkers to show support for the victim. Second, plan the employee's return to work. Third, provide career and other forms of counseling and assistance for the victim. Fourth, and most important, show concern for the employee. An organization can use a variety of administrative controls and environmental designs as preventive measures to help protect employees from being raped or sexually assaulted in the workplace.
the moderating effect of sense of coherence on work adjustment
Authors: Strauser David R. , Lustig Daniel C.
Published: December 2011

The authors examined the relationship between sense of coherence and D. B. Hershenson's (1981) model of work adjustment, specifically, the individual domains of work personality and work competencies. A sample of college students completed the Sense of Coherence Scale (A. Antonovsky, 1987) and the Work Personality Profile Self‐Report (WPP‐SR). A multivariate analysis indicated a medium relationship between sense of coherence and the WPP‐SR, with sense of coherence accounting for 18% of the variance. Univariate tests also indicated a medium relationship between sense of coherence and 4 of the 5 factor scales on the WPP‐SR.
Applying metaphors from physics to career/life issues
Authors: Amundson Norman E.
Published: December 2011

This article is based on a plenary address given at the 9th Annual Alberta Regional Consultation for Career Development (“Building Tomorrow Today”) in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. The objective of the Consultation is to encourage the development of better links among practitioners and to provide a forum for the discussion of issues involved in community‐based employment services. In this article, the author summarizes and applies some of the major concepts in his latest book, The Physics of Living.
the adult career concerns inventory: Development of a short form
Authors: Perrone Kristin M. , Gordon Phyllis A. , Fitch Jenelle C. , Civiletto Christine L.
Published: December 2011

The purpose of this study was to develop and test a short form of the Adult Career Concerns Inventory (ACCI; D. E. Super, A. S. Thompson, & R. H. Lindeman, 1988), a measure of career stage that is based on D. E. Super's (1990) theory of career development. Participants were 260 college students who completed surveys. Examination of Cronbach's alpha indicated adequate reliability for the ACCI—Short Form. The multitrait‐multimethod matrix was used to compare the short form method with the long form method across the 4 career stages. Results indicated adequate convergent validity.
Trends in selected entry‐level technology, interpersonal, and basic communication scans skills: 1992–2002
Authors: North Alexa Bryans , Worth William E.
Published: December 2011

The authors describe a longitudinal study that was conducted to identify trends in entry‐level technology, interpersonal, and basic communication competencies and skills using classified newspaper advertisements from 10 U.S. standard metropolitan statistical areas. To date, 4,200 advertisements have been analyzed for 2 competencies and 1 foundational skill from the “Workplace Know‐Hows” identified in the 1991 report of the U.S. Department of Labor Secretary's Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills (SCANS). Data for the year 2002 indicated that the workplace continues to seek the competencies and skills advocated by the SCANS authors.
Investigation of placement outcomes 3 years after a job skills training program for chronically unemployed adults
Authors: Tango Robert A. , Kolodinsky Pit
Published: December 2011

This analysis of chronically unemployed job seekers after they completed a comprehensive job skills training program reveals dynamic interpersonal and intrapersonal characteristics that have an impact on job‐finding success. Of primary interest in this study was the relationship between R. B. Cattell's (1988) second‐order personality factors and participants' employment status 3 years after they graduated from the job skills program. Furthermore, U.S. Department of Labor worker trait classifications, such as aptitude, academic achievement, work history, and Holland's hexagonal definitions of career interest were also analyzed (United States Employment Service, 1972). Relatively robust correlations between job holding status and 2 of the second‐order personality factors on Cattell's Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire were illuminated: Independence and Objectivity.
The impact of life role salience on life satisfaction
Authors: Perrone Kristin M. , Civiletto Christine L.
Published: December 2011

The authors examined the relationships among life role salience, role strain, coping efficacy, and life satisfaction for adults (N = 125) who combine multiple life roles. Causal modeling procedures were used to test hypotheses based on D. E. Super's (1980, 1990) life‐span, life‐space theory and the social cognitive career theory (R. W. Lent, S. D. Brown, & G. Hackett, 2000). They hypothesized that high role salience would be related to high levels of role strain and that coping efficacy would mediate the impact of role strain on participants' life satisfaction. Results indicated that the proposed model fit the data for the present sample.
The therapeutic alliance and the interface of career counseling and personal counseling
Authors: Bedi Robinder P.
Published: December 2011

This article proposes a very specific pathway for bringing career counseling back into mainstream counseling psychology: more explicit research and clinical attention to the therapeutic alliance. The author hopes that this abbreviated review on the alliance serves as an impetus for increased attention to the alliance in career counseling theory, research, and practice as well as for including training in alliance formation and strengthening in career counselor education and supervision.
Making e‐working work
Authors: Kirk James , Belovics Robert
Published: December 2011

It is estimated that by 2010 there will be 20 million full‐ and part‐time telecommuters working in the United States. The purpose of this article is to assist employment counselors in their work with organizations in implementing e‐worker programs as well as in their counseling of e‐workers. The authors define e‐worker, summarize the growth of e‐worker programs, outline benefits and drawbacks to teleworking, discuss critical elements of a successful teleworker program, and elaborate on potential strategies for becoming a successful e‐worker.
Valuations of compensation and benefit items by new entrants into the professional workforce: Do men and women differ?
Authors: Tocher Neil , Feild Hubert S. , Giles William F.
Published: December 2011

Women make up nearly half of the workforce in America, and they continue to enter fields such as business and engineering in record numbers. Additionally, more women with children under 3 years of age are remaining in the workforce. Considering these changes, examining whether the compensation and benefit preferences of male and female entrants into the workforce are different now than they were 15 to 20 years ago is relevant. This study used a sample of 195 college seniors to examine this issue. Results suggested that compensation and benefit preferences of current new entrants are somewhat different from the preferences reported in earlier studies.
Evaluating a metacognitive and planned happenstance career training course for taiwanese college students
Authors: Chien Ju‐Chun , Fischer Jerome M. , Biller Ernest
Published: December 2011

This study used a pretest—posttest, nonequivalent control group, quasi experimental design to examine the effectiveness of a 12‐week, metacognitive and planned happenstance career training course for Taiwanese college students. The treatment groups significantly increased their career competencies in metacognitive, cognitive, affective, and behavioral dimensions over the comparison and nonequivalent control groups.
A study of factors that influence unemployed persons
Authors: Aviram Arie
Published: December 2011

The following research analyzes, through a field study, several relevant personality traits, or variables, that may be used to help the unemployed by directing them to entrepreneurship. Three sample groups (unemployed, employed, and entrepreneurs) were compared using several intrinsically motivating variables: knowledge, inclination to entrepreneurship, self‐efficacy, achievement needs, and propensity to act. The results showed that these variables are related and can be used as a medium of intervention to achieve the desired ends.
Examining the degree of congruency between a traditional career instrument and an online self‐assessment exercise
Authors: Miller Mark J.
Published: December 2011

This comparative study examined the degree of congruency between the results of the Self‐Directed Search Form E (J. L. Holland, 1990) and an online self‐assessment career planning exercise. A relatively high level of congruence was found between the 2 measures. Implications for career counselors and for future research studies are briefly discussed.
Perfectionism and career decision‐making self‐efficacy
Authors: Ganske Kathryn H. , Ashby Jeffrey S.
Published: December 2011

This study investigated the relationship between perfectionism and career decision‐making self‐efficacy. Participants completed the Almost Perfect Scale—Revised (R. B. Slaney, K. G. Rice, M. Mobley, J. Trippi, & J. S. Ashby, 2001) and the Career Decision‐Making Self‐Efficacy—Short Form (N. E. Betz, K. L. Klein, & K. M. Taylor, 1996). Adaptive perfectionists had higher levels of career decision‐making self‐efficacy than did maladaptive perfectionists and nonperfectionists. There was no difference between maladaptive perfectionists and nonperfectionists in career decision‐making self‐efficacy. Findings add to a growing body of research that suggests perfectionism has adaptive and maladaptive components. Implications for counseling and limitations are discussed.
the influence of workplace attraction on recruitment and retention
Authors: Amundson Norman E.
Published: December 2011

Economic changes have made the topics of recruitment and retention key issues for career development and human resource professionals. In this article, a model of workplace attraction is presented as 1 way of better understanding the match between workers and workplaces. Many contextual variables such as age, culture, and gender influence the attraction process. Workplace attraction must be regarded as a career developmental process and as such, regular attention is needed through all career phases.
counselors' collective self‐esteem mediates job dissatisfaction and client relationships
Authors: Yu Kumlan , Lee Sang‐Hee , Lee Sang Min
Published: December 2011

Given the central role of professional identity (i.e., collective self‐esteem in this study), the authors examined whether collective self‐esteem mediated or moderated relations between job dissatisfaction and client relationships in a sample of 132 professional counselors in the United States. Results indicated that collective self‐esteem partially mediated the relationship between job dissatisfaction and client relationships. Furthermore, job dissatisfaction was negatively related to greater levels of private collective self‐esteem, and greater private collective self‐esteem was positively related to better client relationships.
putting action back into action planning: experiences of career clients
Authors: Borgen William A. , Maglio Asa‐Sophia T.
Published: December 2011

This study used the critical incident technique to investigate what helped and hindered unemployed and career‐changing people in implementing the action plans they developed while participating in career or employment counseling. Information from interviews with 23 women and 16 men generated 9 categories of helping incidents and 9 categories of hindering incidents. These categories increase understanding of the nature of action planning and reveal implications for preparing clients to engage in action planning activities.
employment or economic success: the experience of individuals with disabilities in transition from school to work
Authors: Estrada‐Hernández Noel , Wadsworth John S. , Nietupski John A. , Warth Judy , Winslow Amy
Published: December 2011

This research explores the mediating effects of severity of disability on the employment outcomes of participants with disabilities, taking into account their perception of interest‐job match. Participants were 115 high school students with disabilities who took part in an intensive school‐to‐work transition program that explored occupational interests in relation‐to‐work opportunities. Results of a 1‐way analysis of covariance indicated that severity of disability had a significant effect on the employment outcomes of participants despite interest‐job matching. Although participants experienced positive employment outcomes in terms of job entry, these outcomes may not necessarily translate into higher earnings.
quantifying the level of congruence between two career measures: an exploratory study
Authors: Miller Mark J.
Published: December 2011

This study investigated the level of congruency between scores on the Self‐Directed Search–Form R (J. L. Holland, 1994) and scores from an online instrument, both of which measure Holland types (J. L. Holland, 1985, 1997). A reasonably high level of congruence was found. Implications for career counselors are briefly delineated.
college students and the work world
Authors: Farner Susan M. , Brown Edward E.
Published: December 2011

Students attending a midwestern university (N = 520) were surveyed about their attitudes toward the work world, their futures, and adulthood. Differences between underclassmen and upperclassmen in plans following graduation and perceived level of preparation may reflect each group's closeness to graduation. Differences were found between male and female students regarding their connections to and reliance on their parents. Options to better transition students into the work world are discussed.
family responsibilities discrimination: what employment counselors need to know
Authors: Von Bergen Alison N. , Von Bergen C. W. , Ballaré Doreen A.
Published: December 2011

Family responsibilities discrimination—bias against workers based on their responsibilities to care for family members—is rapidly becoming a 21st‐century workplace concern. Employers who harass, pass over for promotion, or terminate workers because such workers care for children, spouses, elderly parents, or family members with disabilities have been sued with more frequency and have been incurring increasing litigation costs. Recently, the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission took an important step toward ending this discrimination by issuing enforcement guidance that addresses family responsibilities discrimination and caregivers' rights and responsibilities. This article addresses the guidance and its importance for employment counselors.
the questionable impact of gender on job loss reactions: implications for employment counseling
Authors: Wooten Kevin C. , Valenti Alix M.
Published: December 2011

A heterogeneous sample of 301 men and 118 women who experienced job loss was surveyed on 4 affective and 14 attributional variables. Analysis revealed that approximately 90% of the reported gender differences involving job loss reactions disappeared when age, ethnic background, marital status, education, tenure, salary job classification, and financial strain were controlled. Resulting gender differences do not support traditional stereotypes of unemployed women nor do they support previous findings of gender‐related job loss reactions.
should i stay at home or should i go back to work? workforce reentry influences on a mother's decision‐making process
Authors: Ericksen Kirsten S. , Jurgens Jill C. , Garrett Michael Tlanusta , Swedburg Randy B.
Published: December 2011

The authors examine the literature pertaining to women's life transitions and the difficult decision‐making process some women encounter when reentering the workforce after a period of staying at home with young children. On the basis of the unique challenges faced by this population, the authors created a conceptual framework (i.e., the Mother's Reentry Into the Workforce Conceptual Framework) to demonstrate this difficult decision‐making process. The framework examines driving forces, filters, and outcomes specific to this population. Implications for employment counselors are shared. Group employment counseling is suggested as an ideal format to provide support to women during this transitional period.
mold, mould, mole‐d: the three m's of career development
Authors: Amundson Norman E.
Published: December 2011

The author explores a creative idea development process wherein one begins by applying the image of “breaking the mold” to career development and then extending the process further by considering other related images. In this article, the related images include synonyms for mold such as mould and mole‐d (the mole is a small burrowing animal with limited vision). Together, these images reflect current career development issues, such as the need for flexibility, health, and vision (sight and insight). These concepts have both practical and theoretical relevance for employment counselors.
Career development with transgender college students: implications for career and employment counselors
Authors: Scott David A. , Belke Stephanie L. , Barfield Hannah G.
Published: December 2011

The number of transgender college students continues to increase every year. These students face unique challenges that many college and university career centers are not prepared to handle. This article describes some of the challenges facing trans‐gender students and college career centers. A professional development design is proposed to assist career professionals who work with transgender clients in college career centers and community mental health agencies. Implications for career and employment counselors are also provided.
the multiplier effect of the development of forest park tourism on employment creation in china
Authors: Shuifa Ke , Chenguang Pan , Jiahua Pan , Yan Zheng , Ying Zhang
Published: December 2011

The focus of this article was employment creation by developing forest park tourism industries in China. Analysis of the statistical data and an input—output approach showed that 1 direct job opportunity in tourism industries created 1.15 other job opportunities. In the high, middle, and low scenarios, the total predicted employment in forest park tourism was 8.14, 5.13, and 4.82 million, respectively, from 2011 to 2020. These results demonstrate the importance of considering employment within forest park tourism as a viable option.
The Pros and Cons of Viewing Formal Diagnosis From a Social Constructionist Perspective
Authors: McLAUGHLIN JERRY E.
Published: December 2011

Over the last few years, counselor training has focused more on formal diagnosis, but this increased focus has been questioned. In the end, the question seems less about whether formal diagnosis will be taught and more about how it will be taught. The author argues that diagnosis should be taught from a social constructionist rather than an objectivist perspective because of the former perspective's humanistic focus.
How Is Gender Self‐Confidence Related to Subjective Well‐Being?
Authors: HOFFMAN ROSE MARIE
Published: December 2011

This study of ethnically diverse participants explored the relationship of gender self‐confidence to subjective well‐being. The 2 components of gender self‐confidence (gender self‐definition and gender self‐acceptance) were assessed using the Hoffman Gender Scale (R. M. Hoffman, 1996; R. M. Hoffman, L. D. Borders, & J. A. Hattie, 2000). The hypothesized relationship between gender self‐acceptance and subjective well‐being, measured by the Short Happiness and Affect Research Protocol (M. J. Stones et al., 1996) was supported most notably among African American men.
Reflecting Teams and Microcounseling in Beginning Counselor Training: Practice in Collaboration
Authors: HAWLEY LISA D.
Published: December 2011

This study examined the integration of the Reflecting Team Method (T. Andersen, 1991) and the Microcounseling Model (A. E. Ivey & M. B. Ivey, 2003) as a collaborative counselor training option. Reflecting team reflections, client–counselor role plays, and feedback from master's‐level students were transcribed and analyzed for themes; 10 themes were identified.
Outcome Evaluation of Adolescent Offender Psychosocial Development: A Comparative Study
Authors: COLL KENNETH M. , THOBRO PATTI , HAAS ROBIN
Published: December 2011

This study examined differences in psychosocial development of adolescent offenders in a residential treatment program between early adolescents and midadolescents and boys and girls. The study also evaluated gains after 6 months of treatment. Results suggest focused developmental treatment for early adolescents and specifically targeted treatments for boys and girls.
Toward a Culture of Counselor Wellness
Authors: LAWSON GERARD , VENART ELIZABETH , HAZLER RICHARD J. , KOTTLER JEFFREY A.
Published: December 2011

In 1996, the Journal of Humanistic Education and Development published a special issue on counselor impairment. There has been a shift in focus over the intervening years, away from issues of impairment and toward counselor wellness. This article highlights that shift and introduces this special issue on counselor wellness.
What Individual Counselors Can Do to Sustain Wellness
Authors: VENART ELIZABETH , VASSOS SONYA , PITCHER‐HEFT HEATHER
Published: December 2011

Individual counselors must work actively to nurture their wellness. The authors review the literature to examine what maintains wellness and what counselors can do to replenish themselves when feeling stressed, distressed, or impaired. The article provides strategies to improve resiliency in the areas of physical, emotional, cognitive, and interpersonal wellness.
Spirituality and Counselor Wellness
Authors: CASHWELL CRAIG S. , BENTLEY D. PAIGE , BIGBEE AMY
Published: December 2011

Spirituality often is conceptualized as a vital, if not essential, aspect of holistic wellness. The spiritual lives of counselors and counselors‐in‐training, therefore, are considered with an emphasis on healthy spiritual practices that encourage mindfulness, heartfulness, and soulfulness.
Wellness and Counselor Education
Authors: YAGER GEOFFREY G. , TOVAR‐BLANK ZOILA G.
Published: December 2011

Given the emotional nature of the counseling profession, stress, fatigue, and burnout are constant threats. Although such difficulties cannot be eliminated, counseling training can ensure that future counselors are ready to deal more effectively with such issues. The authors present 10 suggestions for promoting student wellness during counselor training.
Experiential Learning Workshop for Indian Students
Authors: RYBAK CHRISTOPHER J. , POONAWALLA NISHREEN P. , DEUSKAR MEGHA U. , BAPAT RADHIKA S.
Published: December 2011

An experiential workshop was offered to graduate psychology students at a major university in India. The workshop combined Western group counseling concepts with Yoga and indigenous peoples' psychological understandings to help students connect theory, practice, and personal understanding in a culturally relevant framework. Students shared their experiences of group leadership.
Real Cases With African American Clients: Reports of Racially Diverse Practitioners
Authors: MARBLEY ARETHA F. , SHEN YIH‐JIUN , BONNER FRED A. , RICE CYNTHIA WIMBERLY , MCGONAGILL RACHELLE , WILLIAMS VICKI A. , STEVENS HAROLD
Published: December 2011

By calling attention to human factors such as cultural biases, mistakes made, and lessons learned from real clinical scenarios, these racially diverse practitioners use their counseling experiences to offer a people‐responsive, diversity‐sensitive framework and recommendations for clinicians working with African Americans in university, school, and community counseling settings.
Wellness in the Midst of Adversity and Tragedy
Authors: DAY‐VINES NORMA L.
Published: December 2011

This article addresses the strategies that 1 African American counselor educator uses to maintain a sense of wellness and balance in her life by focusing on religion and spirituality, physical fitness, family life, multitasking, cultural heritage, and personal time.
Rethinking Client Resistance: A Narrative Approach to Integrating Resistance Into the Relationship‐Building Stage of Counseling
Authors: GOLD JOSHUA M.
Published: December 2011

This article presents a review of traditional definitions of resistance and then presents a conceptualization of client resistance from a narrative perspective. The author makes recommendations for using techniques consistent with narrative therapy to address client resistance during the relationship‐building stage. These recommendations are illustrated through 2 case examples.
A Preliminary Investigation of School Counselor Beliefs Regarding Important Educational Issues
Authors: GRIMMETT MARC A. , PAISLEY PAMELA O.
Published: December 2011

The Professional School Counselor Belief Statements form used in this study was created to survey a national sample of practicing professional school counselors to determine their position on specific educational issues. Findings indicate the need for professional school counselors to examine the relationship between their personal belief systems and the service they provide to students.
Empowering Adolescent Survivors of Sexual Abuse: Application of a Solution‐Focused Ericksonian Counseling Group
Authors: KRESS VICTORIA E. , HOFFMAN RACHEL M.
Published: December 2011

This article describes a solution‐focused and Ericksonian group counseling model that can be used with adolescent girls who have been sexually abused. An overview of the components of this approach is provided. A postintervention focus group provided additional results and ideas for the future development of the group counseling model.
Examining Female Life Events: Implications for Counselors and Educators
Authors: SCHWIEBERT VALERIE , ALSTON ANNE , BRADFORD CAROLINE , SEALANDER KAREN A.
Published: December 2011

This article reports the findings of a study examining the impact of female life events (menarche, “the sex talk,” and loss of virginity) on women. Fifty‐one women from 2 universities responded to a questionnaire containing quantitative and qualitative items. Discussion and implications for counseling girls and women are presented.
White Racial Identity Statuses as Predictors of White Privilege Awareness
Authors: HAYS DANICA G. , CHANG CATHERINE Y. , HAVICE PAMELA
Published: December 2011

This study explored the relationship between White privilege awareness and White racial identity development for 197 counseling trainees. Results indicated that 3 of J. E. Helms's (1984, 1990, 1995) White racial identity statuses (i.e., Contact, Reintegration, and Immersion/Emersion) significantly predicted White privilege awareness. Implications for counselor development and research are discussed.
Human Trafficking: A Call for Counselor Awareness and Action
Authors: STOTTS EDWARD L. , RAMEY LUELLEN
Published: December 2011

The counseling profession has given little attention to human trafficking, a form of modern slavery that is one of the most damaging forms of social injustice that exists today. Focusing on victims within the United States, the authors provide advocacy suggestions, treatment recommendations, and directions for research for this population.
The Perils of “Adjustment Disorder” as a Diagnostic Category
Authors: DANIELS JOHN
Published: December 2011

“Adjustment disorder” occupies a peculiar position in the diagnostic system of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.; American Psychiatric Association, 2000) straddling the boundary between normal and abnormal psychology. A more human‐centered approach in counseling offers a defense of “normal” adjustment as demonstrating human adaptation in life. The deeper philosophical and clinical implications of this position are explored.
Deliverance From the “Dark Night of the Soul”
Authors: KINNIER RICHARD T. , DIXON ANDREA L. , SCHEIDEGGER COREY , LINDBERG BRENT
Published: December 2011

The “dark night” perspective describes the journey to spiritual enlightenment as entailing a crisis in which individuals confront the possibility that life is meaningless. In the study presented in this article, 85% of the participants rejected the dark night view. The authors discuss how counselors can help clients cope with a dark night crisis.
SEARCH: An Integrated Model for Counseling Adolescents
Authors: WHITMARSH LONA , MULLETTE JAIME
Published: December 2011

Adolescence is a developmental stage characterized by rapid and complex changes. Adolescents experiencing psychological concerns commonly benefit from participating in counseling. The authors present a model that is an integrated strengths‐based approach in which the adolescent actively identifies his or her personal strengths.
Cohesion and Trauma: An Examination of a Collegiate Women's Volleyball Team
Authors: FLETCHER TERESA B. , MEYER BARBARA B.
Published: December 2011

This study examined the effects of Adventure Based Counseling (i.e., a low‐element challenge program) on the cohesion of a collegiate women's volleyball team. Results suggest postintervention improvements in team cohesion. The support created in the challenge experience also transferred to the players helping one another to grieve the untimely loss of a teammate.
Impact of Noncognitive Factors on First‐Year Academic Performance and Persistence of NCAA Division I Student Athletes
Authors: TING SIU‐MAN RAYMOND
Published: December 2011

SAT scores and noncognitive factors (acquired knowledge in a field, community service, positive self‐concept, and preference for long‐term goals) were found to be related to academic performance and persistence among 1st‐year NCAA Division I student athletes (N = 109). Implications for college counselors and future research directions are discussed.
Language Minority Experience: A Qualitative Study of Seven Bilinguals
Authors: ORLOV LEONID Y. , TING SIU‐MAN RAYMOND , TYLER RICHARD E.
Published: December 2011

This study investigates language minority experiences of 7 heritage bilinguals via ethnographic interviewing and analytic induction. Themes are identified after qualitative clustering and contrasting of the data. Results are presented for all levels of participant‐reported linguistic proficiency and researcher‐inferred bilingual identity. Implications for theory building and counseling practice are discussed.
Brothers in Excellence: An Empowerment Model for the Career Development of African American Boys
Authors: GRIMMETT MARC A.
Published: December 2011

The author describes Brothers in Excellence (BE), a conceptual model for understanding African American boys and helping them to be successful. BE addresses 3 domains of development proposed to be essential to the success of all African American boys: identity development, social development, and career development.
The Self‐Injury Experiences of Young Adult Women: Implications for Counseling
Authors: CRAIGEN LAURIE M. , MILLIKEN TAMMI F.
Published: December 2011

Many counselors lack a clear understanding of the phenomenon of self‐injury. This article presents results of a qualitative study examining the experiences of young adult women who engage in self‐injurious behaviors. Interpretation of the participants' narrative data offers insight into the value of a humanistic approach to counseling this population.
Advocating Student‐within‐Environment: A Humanistic Theory for School Counseling
Authors: LEMBERGER MATTHEW E.
Published: December 2011

The author introduces a humanistic theory for school counseling called Advocating Student‐within‐Environment (ASE). According to this theory, the student is an adaptive agent who operates within ever‐evolving environments. With ASE, a school counselor can use the capacities of the student, the school environment, and their shared agency to promote wellness, justice, and development.
The African American Student Network: Creating Sanctuaries and Counterspaces for Coping With Racial Microaggressions in Higher Education Settings
Authors: GRIER‐REED TABITHA L.
Published: December 2011

African American college students face a number of race‐related stressors on predominantly White campuses. The African American Student Network is described as a potential humanistic counterspace to provide a sanctuary for these students when coping with racial microaggressions. The development and study of future humanistic interventions in this area is recommended.
Relationship Between Wellness and Age, Matriculation, and Relationship Status of Counselor Education Doctoral Students
Authors: PEREPICZKA MICHELLE , BALKIN RICHARD S.
Published: December 2011

The authors examined the extent of the relationship between wellness and age, number of years spent in a counselor education and supervision doctoral program that was accredited by the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs (2009), and student relationship status. Insight into wellness of this population and implications for counselor educators and students are presented.
Revisioning the Self: A Phenomenological Investigation Into Self‐Help Reading
Authors: BRUNEAU LAURA , BUBENZER DONALD L. , McGLOTHLIN JASON M.
Published: December 2011

The helpfulness of self‐help reading was explored through interviews with 6 female self‐help readers. Themes derived through phenomenological data analysis suggested that there is a distinct structure to the self‐help reading experience, including self‐help reading as a medium for revisioning of self. Implications for counseling practice and research are provided.
Ecosystemic Complexity Theory of Conflict: Understanding the Fog of Conflict
Authors: BRACK GREG , LASSITER PAMELA S. , HILL MICHELE B. , MOORE SARAH A.
Published: December 2011

Counselors often engage in conflict mediation in professional practice. A model for understanding the complex and subtle nature of conflict resolution is presented. The ecosystemic complexity theory of conflict is offered to assist practitioners in navigating the fog of conflict. Theoretical assumptions are discussed with implications for clinical settings.
Humanism, Feminism, and Multiculturalism: Essential Elements of Social Justice in Counseling, Education, and Advocacy
Authors: BRADY‐AMOON PEGGY
Published: December 2011

This article explores the association between and among humanism, feminism, multiculturalism, and social justice in counseling, education, and advocacy. In so doing, it shows how these theoretical forces, individually and collectively, are essential to professional counseling, client welfare, education, and the promotion of social justice. The author also outlines suggestions for future integrative work in these areas.
The History of Dream Analysis and the Helping Relationship: A Synopsis for Practitioners
Authors: CAPUZZI DAVE , BLACK DEBORAH KARR
Published: December 2011

In this article the history of dream analysis and interpretation is presented to provide additional background for practitioners interested in dream analysis.
Survey of Basic Instructional Value in Humanistic Education
Authors: SHAPIRO STEWART B.
Published: December 2011

The author describes in detail 15 principles of instructional value that underlie humanistic approaches to education to clarify the conceptual basis of such approaches.
Imagery and Metaphor in Counseling: A Humanistic Course
Authors: GLADDING SAMUEL T.
Published: December 2011

In this article the author describes the humanistic content and integrative nature of a course on imagery and metaphor in individual, group, and family counseling.
University Students' Knowledge About and Attitudes Toward Homosexuality
Authors: WELLS JOEL W. , FRANKEN MARY L.
Published: December 2011

In this study the authors assess university students' knowledge about homosexuality in relation to their degree of homonegativism, a term which includes physical, social, and emotional distancing from homosexuals, and selected personal variables.
AIDS: Implications for Counselors
Authors: MAIONE MARIA A. , McKEE JOHN E.
Published: December 2011

The authors examined the extent to which counselors are informed about AIDS and their attitudes toward people who have AIDS and determined the implications for counselors.
An Observational Instrument To Measure Humanistic Classroom Interaction Patterns
Authors: MOHENO PHILLIP BERTRAND BERKEY
Published: December 2011

The author examined the relationship between advocacy of humanistic and confluent educational teaching values and nine humanistic, confluent patterns of classroom interaction.
Factors Influencing the Impact of Job and Family Relocation
Authors: HAZLER RICHARD J. , NASS ELIZABETH A.
Published: December 2011

Factors affecting individual and family reactions to geographic relocation are examined. Potential methods for alleviating negative reactions and promoting positive ones are discussed.
Group Counseling's Effects on Self‐Concept and Social Behavior Among Children with Learning Disabilities
Authors: OMIZO MICHAEL M. , OMIZO SHARON A.
Published: December 2011

The authors attempt to determine the efficacy of 10 weekly group counseling sessions on the self‐concept and social behavior among fourth‐, fifth‐, and sixth‐grade children with learning disabilities.
We Are Family: Applying Family Systems Theory to Classrooms
Authors: BRAUN JOSEPH A. , GARRETT JOYCE LYNN
Published: December 2011

The authors describe how counselors can apply the family systems model to classrooms in helping teachers create a more open and effective climate.
Relationships Between Composing Styles, Other Writer Variables, and the Emotions of Teachers of Writing
Authors: BRAND ALICE G. , CHIBNALL JOHN T.
Published: December 2011

Twenty‐two public school teachers of writing participated in an experiment to test the effect on their emotions of using a structured‐planning or a free‐write composing style.
A Dialogue with Self: The Journal as an Educational Tool
Authors: HEDLUND DALVA E. , FURST TANIS C. , FOLEY KATHRYN T.
Published: December 2011

The act of “talking to oneself” is an important component of learning, and of seeking balance, direction, and meaning in life.
Developing Friendship Skills: Key to Positive Mainstreaming
Authors: EVANS ELIZABETH , RICHARDSON RITA C.
Published: December 2011

This article introduces a model that incorporates the skills needed for developing friendships. Its purpose is to help students with disabilities and their nondisabled peers develop the skills necessary for forming lasting friendships.
Communication Training and the Transpersonal Journal: A Description of a Course
Authors: KELLY GENE D. , BEGGS JAMES J.
Published: December 2011

This article describes a two‐semester beginning graduate practicum in counseling that integrates the development of external knowledge and skills with the development of the personal internal beliefs and attitudes of the counselor who is being trained.
Art Activities to Improve Self‐Esteem Among Native Hawaiian Children
Authors: OMIZO MICHAEL M. , OMIZO SHARON A.
Published: December 2011

This study provides support for using art activities in a group counseling format to improve self‐esteem among native Hawaiian children.
Authentic Education: Resolving the Process‐Content Dichotomy in Curriculum Debates
Authors: RINER PHILLIP S.
Published: December 2011

Authentic education can be distinguished from curriculum intents in that it combines the motives of learners and educational purposes into meaningful learning that enables the learner to deal with increasing amounts of the world that surrounds him or her.
On Being “Attractive” With Resistant Clients
Authors: MILLER MARK J. , WELLS DON
Published: December 2011

Client resistance is a frequent occurrence within the helping profession. This article helps define client resistance, provides a brief review of related literature, and offers one way—counselor attractiveness—of addressing the issue.
A Humanistic Alternative for Counseling Alcoholics
Authors: WILBUR MICHAEL P. , ROBERTS‐WILBUR JANICE , MORRIS JOSEPH R.
Published: December 2011

Based on a multimodal viewpoint, this article reviews literature on both alcoholism and controlled drinking approaches, provides a combined perspective of humanistic and behavioral principles, presents the issue of alcohol involvement from a stage phenomena point of view, and suggests intervention steps to address life‐problem, emotional, and behavioral aspects of problem drinking.
Teaching Literature Toward a Humanistic Society
Authors: PARTENHEIMER DAVID
Published: December 2011

By connecting literary studies to the “social text,” literature teachers might enable their students to understand and solve social problems that threaten human existence.
How to Experience the Unitive Life
Authors: MASLOW ABRAHAM H.
Published: December 2011

Edward Hoffman s (Editor) Note. In Abraham H. Maslow's last years, he became increasingly interested in specific, practical ways to help people become more self‐actualizing. He regarded how we can connect with our higher aspects of Being while functioning in the everyday, commonplace world as a key issue. In this provocative, unpublished paper written during the mid‐1960s, Maslow outlined dozens of methods for overcoming ennui and “burnout,” thereby enriching our daily lives.
Developing Friendship and Intimacy
Authors: MASLOW ABRAHAM H.
Published: December 2011

Edward Hoffman s (Editor) Note. It is ironic that Abraham H. Maslow was often misinterpreted as overemphasizing individualism, because he always maintained a strong social orientation in his theorizing. Especially toward the end of his life, Maslow became convinced that United States society had become pathologically individualistic and needed to develop better means of facilitating close relationships among people. In this intriguing unpublished paper dated April, 1968, Maslow speculated on this issue.
How We Diminish Ourselves
Authors: MASLOW ABRAHAM H.
Published: December 2011

Edward Hoffman s (Editor) Note. One of Abraham H. Maslow's most fascinating concepts is that of the “Jonah Complex.” More global than the “fear of success,” this term refers to a willful evasion of our personal capacity for growth and accomplishment in life. In Maslow's final years he became increasingly interested in the question of why so few people are truly self‐actualizing. This unpublished paper written in November, 1966, directly confronts this issue.
A Gift for the Children: Imagery and Change
Authors: WAAS LANE LONGINO
Published: December 2011

This article reports on the research concerning imagery practice as it relates to changes in adults who were teacher‐participants in the author's research study and reviews the author's compilation of the research findings from the literature regarding children and imagery practice.
The Effective Education Professional: Politician, Psychologist, Philosopher, Professor, and Parent
Authors: Bratter Barbara I. , Bratter Thomas E. , Fiske Rebecca , Steiner Kenneth M.
Published: December 2011

The crisis in education, in part, has been caused by the rigidity of the education professional to continue in a traditional role. For the school to become more responsive to the psychosocial‐educational needs of students, the education professional must expand the pedagogical role to the five P's: politician, psychologist, philosopher, professor, and parent.
Innovations in the Treatment of Bulimia: Transpersonal Psychology, Relaxation, Imagination, Hypnosis, Myth, and Ritual
Authors: Brown Michael H.
Published: December 2011

This article was written for counselors who must help clients deal with the psychological dimensions of bulimia. It reviews bulimia's most obvious physical signs and symptoms, most apparent etiology, most frequent behavioral characteristics, and then it considers innovative counseling approaches including Transpersonal Psychology, relaxation training, imagination, fantasy, hypnosis, myths, and rituals.
Serving Underprepared Students in Institutions of Higher Education
Authors: Higbee Jeanne L. , Dwinell Patricia L. , McAdams Charles R. , Goldbergbelle Elissa , Tardola M. Elizabeth
Published: December 2011

This article addresses the role of higher education in responding to the academic and developmental needs of underprepared students. The options of meeting the needs of these students with integrated versus separate services are explored.
Standardized Tests and the Numinous Mystery of Life
Authors: FLAKE CAROL L.
Published: December 2011

We are so busy measuring measurables, we are missing out on those things immeasurably more important.
Applied Humanism: A Model for Normalized Behavior Programming
Authors: Hall Philip S.
Published: December 2011

Applied Humanism (AH) is an approach to behavior programming based on six relationship principles that can be inculcated into all of an agency's service delivery components. It uses normalizing methods to manage inappropriate behavior while fostering the development of equitable relations.
Learning Disabled Students and Their Families: Implications and Strategies for Counselors
Authors: Lombana Judy H.
Published: December 2011

The social and emotional problems of learning disabled students are described, and research is presented that substantiates the interactional role of the family in these problems. The literature suggests that the family is one of the more crucial determinants in the growth and development of children with learning disabilities, but it has frequently been ignored in terms of treatment planning. The purpose of this article is to review some of the major personal and social issues facing learning disabled students and to suggest ways that school counselors and mental health workers can work with families of these children for remediation purposes.
Protecting Children's Rights: “I Want to Live With BOTH Daddy and Mommy”
Authors: Hall Alex S. , Kelly Kevin R.
Published: December 2011

Counselors and teachers can promote children's rights to nurturance and self‐determination by encouraging parents to respect children's desire to live with both parents after divorce.
The Therapeutic Use of Play in Counseling: An Overview
Authors: Gladding Samuel T.
Published: December 2011

This article examines the value of using play in counseling. It examines the pragmatic ways play is used across the life span and in different counseling settings. The limitations of including play in counseling are discussed also.
The Uncertain Future of Client‐Centered Counseling
Authors: CAIN DAVID J.
Published: December 2011

Progress is our most important product—General Electric Company

Imagination is more important than knowledge—Albert Einstein