bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RETRACTED: Imaging Enhancement of Gas Reservoir via Full-Waveform Inversion Imaging: Case Study, Gas Field
Authors: Park Sun Hoo , Jung Yonggwon , Lee Juan , Min Dongjoo , Cho Yongchae
Published: November 2024

The authors have retracted this article because it is based on data without authorization for use. See the Retraction Notice article https://doi.org/10.2113/2024/lithosphere_2024_251

Seismic data are essential for analyzing and characterizing reservoir distributions in oil and gas exploration. While many advances have been made to obtain accurate seismic data, conventional methods still have limitations. The main limitations include the inability to use the full wavefield and the time-consuming sequential process of preprocessing, velocity model building, and migration. These challenges have highlighted the need for more efficient and accurate data processing. Full-waveform inversion (FWI) and FWI imaging have been developed to address these drawbacks. FWI uses the full wavefield, including diving and multi-scattered waves, to predict subsurface properties. It uses an optimization that iteratively updates the model to minimize the residual between the observed and the modeled data. Moreover, FWI imaging derives seismic images in a short time by taking the directional derivative of the FWI results. Compared with conventional methods, FWI imaging, since it is based on FWI, improves the signal-to-noise ratio and mitigates migration artifacts. In this study, a case study was conducted using 3D streamer data from a deepwater gas field to demonstrate the effectiveness of FWI imaging. As the gas field contains shallow gas, conventional methods have limitations in restoring subgas zones. To overcome this, FWI imaging was introduced, and to verify its effectiveness, reverse time migration (RTM) was used for comparison. After updating the velocity model with FWI up to 25 Hz, FWI imaging and RTM were applied using the same velocity model. Compared with RTM, FWI imaging exhibited significant improvements in resolution and structural detail at various depths. Additionally, it improved lateral resolution and structural continuity and effectively suppressed noise. Furthermore, FWI imaging significantly reduces processing time by eliminating the need for preprocessing and migration. These findings suggest that FWI imaging is a promising alternative to conventional methods by providing high-quality subsurface information while reducing the processing time.
Book review: Kwok, Virginia H. Y. (2023). Language learning in the digital age: YouTube and learners of English as a foreign language. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Authors: Lee Yeong-Ju
Published: November 2024

YouTube has gained global popularity for language education, especially among young language learners in informal contexts. Language Learning in the Digital Age: YouTube and Learners of English as a Foreign Language by Virginia H. Y. Kwok explores how university students in Hong Kong use YouTube to enhance their English language proficiency outside formal classroom settings. Through a qualitative, case study approach, the author delves into diverse ways students navigate and personalise their language learning opportunities on YouTube. This paper reviews the book, focusing on how the book provides a nuanced understanding of student engagement with YouTube and its role in facilitating autonomous and self-directed language learning.
Patrimônio industrial e instalações frigoríficas: uma revisão sistemática de literatura
Authors: Ceolin Marilia , Alberton Josicler , Romano Leonora , Romano Fabiane
Published: November 2024

O abandono do patrimônio industrial, incluindo as instalações frigoríficas, é um processo que pode ter influência significativa na paisagem urbana, moldando a forma como as pessoas se relacionam com esses lugares. Este artigo visa compreender qual o panorama atual de pesquisas científicas que abordam questões sobre o patrimônio industrial, a arquitetura de frigoríficos, seus processos obsoletos e/ou suas relações com a paisagem urbana. Desta forma, realizou-se uma Revisão Sistemática de Literatura, a qual foi dividida em três fases: planejamento, condução e apresentação dos resultados. A busca realizada nas bases de dados respeitou o protocolo definido e resultou em um total de 202 trabalhos. Após os critérios de seleção, foram definidos 23 estudos finais que serviram como pilar para compreender o cenário em que o tema está inserido e a importância de pesquisas acerca da transformação desses ambientes, a fim de evitar perdas e descaracterizações do patrimônio industrial.
Information retrieval in P2P systems
Authors: ALLAL Lamia
Published: November 2024

In peer-to-peer ({\itshape P2P}) data sharing communities, Top-k queries have two main advantages. The first one is that they allow users to select information based on their preferences. Secondly, they avoid overwhelm participants with a large number of responses. In this paper, we introduced a new solution for the processing of Top-k queries in hybrid {\itshape P2P} systems. These systems consist of two levels. The low levelis composed of sets of peers called clusters, the top level consists of a set of Ultra peers. Each cluster is managed and controlled by an Ultra peer. The proposed algorithm named {\itshape One Threshold P2P (OT-P2P)} allows the resolution of ranking queries where the classification is done on objects based ontheir values using a monotonic function \(f\). We developed an application in order to compare several algorithms studied in this field with our approach. The comparison was made on the execution time, the number of operations performed and on the number of objects handled, using two types of data : uniform and non-uniform data.
The role of breastfeeding, antibiotics and antimalarial medicinal exposure in paediatric depression amongst infants and children aged under 5: A population-based study
Authors: Umeh Kanayo , Adaji S
Published: November 2024

Background
Although paediatric depression is a recognised problem worldwide, there is limited data on its prevalence in children aged under 5 years, and the role of breastfeeding and medicinal exposure. This study examined whether lack of breastfeeding, and exposure to antimalarial and antibiotic medicines, contribute to depression in Nigerian children aged under 5.
Methods
The study examined data from 31,103 children (mean age, 2.11 years (SD, 1.421)), collected during the 6th round of the MICS (Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys), completed in 2021. A series of binary logistic regression models were used to analyse the data.
Results
Children exposed to antimalarial medicines, specifically ACT (AOR = 1.760, 95%CI [1.316–2.355]), and artesunate injections (AOR = 1.757, 95%CI [1.150–2.684]), and those who were not breastfed (AOR = 0.776, 95%CI [0.625–0.963]), had greater odds of depression, after adjusting for potential confounders. The association between ACT medication use and depression was salient in male children (AOR = 2.347, 95%CI [1.547–3.559]), whereas the relationship between breastfeeding and depression was primarily observed in female children (AOR = 0.689, 95%CI [0.498–0.951]). Robustness checks including variations in managing missing data, breastfeeding measurement, and analysis across subgroups for multiple covariates (e.g., geographical area, mothers’ education, wealth index, medical symptoms), highlighted the importance of contextual factors.
Conclusions
This is the first population-based study to examine the role of breastfeeding and medicinal use, in suspected depression amongst children aged under 5, from sub-Sharan Africa. Overall, exposure to antimalaria treatment, particularly ACT, and inadequate breastfeeding may help identify infants and young children susceptible to paediatric depression.
Clinical trial number
Not applicable
Effects of continuous positive airway pressure treatment on arterial stiffness and inflammatory factors in patients with coronary heart disease complicated with obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Wang Liang , Wang Yuanqi , Jiao Tiantian , Xu Linghao , Ji Endong , Tapu Sakibur Rahman , Liu Yehong , Li Jiming
Published: November 2024

Background
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) treatment brings more benefits than risks to most coronary heart disease (CHD) patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, the pathophysiological mechanism by which CPAP treatment improves the prognosis of patients with CHD and OSA remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether CPAP can improve arterial stiffness and inflammatory factor levels in CHD patients with OSA, and to further improve prognosis.
Method
59 patients with coronary heart disease complicated by moderate to severe sleep apnea were divided into a CPAP treatment group (CPAP + coronary heart disease standard treatment) and a control group (only coronary heart disease standard treatment). Peripheral blood test reports were collected and pulse wave velocity (PWV) measurements were performed for each patient at the beginning, 3 months, and 6 months of treatment.
Results
After 6 months of treatment, the CPAP group showed more significant improvement in the levels of inflammatory factors such as white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil (N), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin (PCT), and PWV than the control group.
Conclusion
After active treatment with CPAP, arterial stiffness and inflammatory cytokine levels in patients with coronary heart disease and OSA improved. This association should be given more attention in clinical practice, and sleep apnea should be actively treated. The early initiation of CPAP treatment can improve patient prognosis.
Quantum chemical studies of carbon-based graphene-like nanostructures: from benzene to coronene
Authors: Vanny Alberto Soares , Gonçalves Arlan da Silva
Published: November 2024

This study presents a comprehensive quantum chemical analysis of 14 distinct carbon-based nanostructures (CBNs), ranging from simple molecules, like benzene, to more complex structures, such as coronene, which serves as an exemplary graphene-like model. The investigation focuses on elucidating the relationships between molecular orbital (MO) energies, the energy gaps between these orbitals, electron occupation numbers (eON), electronic conduction, and the topology of these compounds, seeking to find the one that approaches most of a graphene-like structure for in silico studies. Through detailed examination of molecular properties including chemical hardness and chemical potential, we demonstrate that the electronic exchange between orbitals is directly influenced by the structural topology of the CBNs, as the eON and the MO energies. A RAMAN theoretical analyses was performed to all models, ensuring the approximation to a graphene structure by its experimental fingerprint comparison. Notably, the correlations presented here offers a foundational approach for anticipating electronic conductivity in graphene-like materials, as well as the confirmation of the use of a coronene model as a graphene nanostructure for theoretical analyses. A more symmetric and linear structure, with coronene being highlighted, shows a pronounced predictive capability for electronic conduction.
Eosinophilic inflammation that begins in the juvenile stage causes hydronephrosis and urothelial cancer in mutant mice
Authors: Ozaki Kiyokazu , Terayama Yui , Inanaga Minori Kojima , Matsuura Tetsuro
Published: November 2024

Obstructive hydronephrosis is caused by various factors such as chronic inflammation and tumors. Eosinophils and chitinase-like proteins (CLPs) are involved in the pathogenesis of hydronephrosis in mice; however, the specific mechanisms remain unknown. In this study, we morphologically analyzed a novel mouse model of obstructive hydronephrosis from onset to progression to clarify the effects of eosinophils and CLP on the development of hydronephrosis and tumorigenesis. The primary change was slight eosinophil infiltration of the ureteropelvic junction, even at 1 week of age, followed by a significant increase in CLP expression in the urothelium at 5 weeks of age, which led to proliferation of the urothelium. At 8 weeks of age, polyps with eosinophilic inflammation and urothelial hyperplasia expressing high levels of CLP formed at the ureteropelvic junction, leading to hydronephrosis. At 60 weeks of age, all mice with hydronephrosis exhibited chronic eosinophilic inflammation and adenomas that progressed to adenocarcinomas with high CLP expression. In summary, inflammation and epithelial proliferation at the ureteropelvic junction began with a single infiltration of eosinophils at the juvenile stage in mice. Eosinophilic inflammation is associated with the development of hydronephrosis and urothelial hyperplasia, which may progress to cancer due to increased CLP expression.
A Survey on Mental Health among Resident Physicians: Psychological Resilience as a Mediator
Authors: He Yunjuan , Lin Shengnan , Wang Yixuan , Zhang Bo , Wang Yifan , Sheng Shouqin , Gu Xinlong , Wang Wenyan
Published: November 2024

Background: Due to night shifts, the issue of sleep disturbances (SD) among resident physicians often draws attention. Prior research has validated psychological resilience (PR) as a valuable concept that enables individuals to reduce suicidal ideation (SI) and achieve an appropriate mental state. However, the underlying mediating mechanisms of PR in adapting to mental health under SD remain inadequately understood. Therefore, we examined the mediating role of PR in the relationship between SD, SI, and life satisfaction (LS) among resident physicians.
Methods: An anonymous four-part survey was conducted with 453 resident physicians training in public hospitals in Anhui Province, China. Descriptive statistics and correlation analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software (version 27.0). The study employed structural equation modeling to examine the interplay of variables and conducted a multiple-group analysis using Analysis of Moment Structure (version 23.0).
Results: Based on a hypothetical model, the total effect value of SD on SI was 0.357 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.264, 0.443; p< 0.01) with a significant direct value of 0.186 (95% CI: 0.067, 0.299; p< 0.01), accounting for 52.10%; the indirect value of SD on SI through PR was 0.171 (95% CI: 0.091, 0.266; p < 0.01), accounting for 47.90% of the total effect. In contrast, the total effect value of SD on LS was –0.638 (95% CI: –0.725, –0539; p < 0.01), with a significant direct value of –0.504 (95% CI: –0.644, –0.354; p < 0.01), accounting for 79.00%, the indirect value of SD on LS though PR was –0.134 (95% CI: –0.218, –0.054; p< 0.01), accounting for 21.00% of the total effect. The multiple-group analysis further revealed that individuals over 25 years exercise more PR to enhance LS (t = 2.703, p < 0.01), and those with normal weight were less affected by SD in terms of LS (t = –2.322, p = 0.02).
Conclusions: The participation of policymakers and healthcare institutions is key to formulating new guidelines. Developing specific measures that promote a healthy lifestyle, establishing supportive working environments for resident physicians, and adopting comprehensive strategies tailored to the needs of younger and overweight resident physicians can enhance the quality of healthcare and improve their overall well-being.
Effects of acute-phase COVID-19-related indicators on pulmonary fibrosis and follow-up evaluation
Authors: Wang Qiong , Zhou Ying , Jing Fangxue , Feng Yingying , Ma JiangPo , Xue Peng , Dong Zhaoxing
Published: November 2024

Background
Post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis is a significant long-term respiratory morbidity affecting patients’ respiratory health. This study aims to investigate the incidence, clinical characteristics, and acute-phase risk factors for pulmonary fibrosis in COVID-19 patients. Additionally, it evaluates their pulmonary function and chest CT outcomes to provide clinical evidence for early intervention and prevention.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed 595 patients hospitalized for COVID-19 from January 2022 to July 2023. Patients were divided into fibrosis and nonfibrosis groups on the basis of imaging changes. Baseline data, including demographics, disease severity, laboratory indicators, and chest imaging characteristics, were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent risk factors for pulmonary fibrosis. Pulmonary function and chest CT follow-ups were conducted for the fibrosis group. The data were processed via SPSS 26.0, with P < 0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results
The incidence of pulmonary fibrosis was 4.37%, with 2.08% in moderate cases and 8.22% in severe cases. Significant differences were found between the fibrosis and nonfibrosis groups in sex; disease severity; NLR; ALB and LDH levels; and percentages of lung reticular lesions, consolidations, and GGOs (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed LDH (OR = 1.004, 95% CI 1.000–1.007, P = 0.035), ALB (OR = 0.871, 95% CI 0.778–0.974, P = 0.015), lung reticular lesion volume (OR = 1.116, 95% CI 1.040–1.199, P = 0.002), and lung consolidation volume (OR = 1.131, 95% CI 1.012–1.264, P = 0.030) as independent risk factors. The follow-up results revealed significant improvements in pulmonary function, specifically in the FVC%, FEV1%, and DLCO%, but not in the FEV1/FVC. Quantitative chest CT analysis revealed significant differences in lung reticular lesions, consolidation, and GGO volumes but no significant difference in honeycomb volume.
Conclusions
The incidence of pulmonary fibrosis post-COVID-19 increases with disease severity. LDH, ALB, lung reticular lesions, and consolidation volume are independent risk factors for Patients with fibrosis.
A Comparation of three different anti-VEGF drugs in development of persistent avascular retina in premature children
Authors: Ünal Ayşe Cengiz , Akıdan² Melih , Erol¹ Muhammet Kazım
Published: November 2024

Our current prospective cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the effect of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs used in the treatment of retinopathy of prematurity on retinal maturation and persistent avascular retina (PAR). Retinal imaging was performed with Optos confocal laser ophthalmoscopy for 100 patients aged 4 to 8 years who were screened and treated for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) during the neonatal period. The ROP examination findings (stage and zone) and treatment history (age in weeks at time of treatment and anti-VEGF drug used) from the neonatal period were reviewed. Retinal vascularization was assessed in fundus images using the green filter on the Optos device and the presence of PAR was evaluated by two investigators. Relationships between the rate of PAR, age in weeks at time of treatment, and type of anti-VEGF drug used were analyzed statistically. The study included 196 eyes of 100 patients. Sixty-four eyes were analyzed in Group 1 (no ROP), 23 eyes in Group 2 (ROP, no treatment), and 108 eyes in Group 3 (anti-VEGF treatment of ROP with ranibizumab, bevacizumab, or aflibercept). The number of eyes with PAR in these groups was 2 (3.7%), 4 (17.4%), and 45 (41.7%), respectively. PAR was detected in 30 of 44 eyes treated with aflibercept. The rate of PAR was higher after aflibercept treatment (68.2%) with statistical significance (p = 0.000). This study showed that the prevalence of PAR differs between anti-VEGF drugs. Patients treated with aflibercept have a higher risk of late complications and should be followed closely.
Hemodynamic evaluation of the pulmonary arteries and aorta using 4D flow cardiac MRI in children and young adults with dextro-transposition of the great arteries after the arterial switch operation
Authors: Calderon Kylie , Sodhi Aparna , Johnson Ethan M.I. , Markl Michael , Robinson Joshua D. , Rigsby Cynthia K.
Published: November 2024

Background
Pulmonary artery stenosis, neoaortic dilatation, and neoaortic valve insufficiency are among the most frequent complications of the arterial switch operation for repair of dextro-transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA). It remains difficult to predict which patients will require great arterial reintervention.
Objective
We aimed to characterize hemodynamics within the great arteries using 4D flow MRI in patients with d-TGA after the arterial switch operation.
Materials and Methods
Patients with d-TGA after the arterial switch operation and controls with normal cardiac anatomy who underwent 4D flow MRI between 2012 and 2024 were included. Velocity, stasis, kinetic energy, energy loss, wall shear stress, and pulse wave velocity were quantified in the aorta and pulmonary arteries.
Results
Patients with d-TGA after the arterial switch operation (15.7 years ± 2.4) demonstrated significantly higher maximum and mean velocity, maximum and mean kinetic energy, energy loss, and maximum and mean wall shear stress within the pulmonary arteries (P < 0.0001 for all parameters) compared with age-matched controls (15.5 years ± 2.4). Aortic maximum (P = 0.0011) and mean (P = 0.0483) velocity, maximum (P = 0.0008) and mean (P = 0.0026) kinetic energy, energy loss (P < 0.0001), maximum wall shear stress in five of six regions (range P < 0.0001 to P = 0.0022), and mean wall shear stress in three regions (range P = 0.0052 to P = 0.0310) were significantly higher in patients with d-TGA after the arterial switch operation patients compared with age-matched controls.
Conclusion
Patients with d-TGA after the arterial switch operation demonstrate hemodynamic abnormalities within the great arteries, which may provide insight into the mechanisms underlying postoperative consequences of the arterial switch operation and the need for reintervention.
Prevalence and morphology of middle mesial canals in mandibular first molars and their relationship with anatomical aspects of the mesial root: a CBCT analysis
Authors: Wang Dandan , Wang Ru , Xu Hongyan , Zhang Qianqian , Guo Yali
Published: November 2024

Background: This study aims to investigate the prevalence and morphology of middle mesial canal (MMC) in mandibular first molar (M1M) among a Northwestern Chinese population, and to analyze their relationship with anatomical aspects of the mesial root.
Methods:Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was utilized to evaluate 898 M1Ms and assess the incidence and morphology of MMC. The following parameters for M1M with or without MMC were obtained: the vertical distance between the first appearance of MMC and canal orifices (D), the distance between mesiobuccal (MB) and mesiolingual (ML) canals (D1), the buccolingual width(L1) and mesiodistal width (L2) of mesial roots, and the flatness degree(L1/L2) of mesial roots. The results were statistically analyzed.
Results:The prevalence of MMC was 9.6% when considering the number of teeth and 7.2% when considering individuals. The presence of MMC was not significantly associated with sex (p = 0.993) or age (p = 0.211). Type 1-3-2 emerged as the most prevalent root canal morphology. MMC primarily manifested within 4 mm below the canal orifices. In cases where MMC was present, the MB-ML distance was significantly greater (p = 0.017). Conversely, no significant correlation was found between the presence of MMC and the length, width, or flatness degree of the mesial roots.
Conclusions:The morphology of MMCs is complex, and most of them exhibit confluent canals. MMCs are typically found within 4 mm below the canal orifices. In instances where MMCs are present, the MB-ML distance is significantly larger.
Disability and its correlates among older people in Nepal: evidence from the 2022 Nepal Demographic Health Survey
Authors: Thapa Naba Raj , Subedi Govind , KC Vikash Kumar
Published: November 2024

Background: Older people are the vulnerable with higher risk of having disability. There are very few studies on disability among older people in Nepal. To contribute the knowledge and research gap on disability among older people, this study examines the prevalence of disability and its associated factors among older people in Nepal.
Methods: The 2022 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey data was used for this study. The study included 3014 older people aged 60 years and above. The study was based on disability module with Washington Group Short Set of Questions on functional limitations. Disability was categorized as 'with disability' and 'without disability'. Descriptive statistics was used to assess the prevalence of disability while multivariate logistic regression was used as inferential statistics to analyze the correlates of disability among older people in Nepal.
Results: The results show that more than a quarter (27.1%) of older people had disabilities.
The prevalence of disability was higher among older people aged 80 years and above (54%), females (31%), no education (31%), ever married (39%), residing in Karnali province (39%), and belonged to poor household status (31%). Older people aged of 70 years and above, with no education, or primary education and who had ever married were more likely to have a disability. Older people from rich household status and living in Koshi, Madhesh, Bagmati, Gandaki, Lumbini and Sudurpashchim provinces were less likely to have a disability.
Conclusions: The burden of disability among older people in Nepal is of considerable. Therefore, there is a need for further research and effective disability interventions targeting the groups identified at risk of disability to improve the well-being of older people.
Indirect evidence of an early mating advantage in wild cooperatively breeding male banded mongooses
Authors: Birch Graham , Cant Michael , Blount Jonathan D. , Meniri Magali , Nichols Hazel , Mwanguhya Francis , Businge Robert
Published: November 2024

Promiscuous females reduce male reproductive control. Males can attempt to monopolise access to these females, but distractions and sneaky rivals mean extra copulations cannot always be blocked. By mating first, males can obtain a headstart in sperm competition, but this may be negated by sperm storage and cryptic female choice mechanisms. We carry out an indirect rare test of an early mating advantage in a population of free-living wild animals. Using Bayesian GLMM analysis of a long-term life history database spanning 17 years, we show that banded mongoose males who interacted with females in earlier days of oestrus had a higher chance of siring their offspring compared with later rivals. An early mating advantage would intensify initial male-male competition and hence selection for male choice, as any initial mistake identifying preferred mating partners could see paternity lost to rivals.
Machine Learning for Early Detection and Severity Classification in People with Parkinson's Disease
Authors: Hwang Juseon , Youm Changhong , Park Hwayoung , Kim Bohyun , Choi Hyejin , Cheon Sang-Myung
Published: November 2024

Early detection of Parkinson's disease (PD) and accurate assessment of disease progression are critical for optimizing treatment and rehabilitation. However, there is no consensus on how to effectively detect early-stage PD and classify motor symptom severity using gait analysis. This study evaluated the accuracy of machine learning (ML) models in classifying early and moderate stages of PD based on spatiotemporal gait features at different walking speeds. A total of 178 participants were recruited, including 103 individuals with PD (61 early-stage, 42 moderate-stage) and 75 healthy controls. Participants performed a walking test on a 24-meter walkway at three speeds: preferred walking speed (PWS), 20% faster (HWS), and 20% slower (LWS). Key features—walking speed at PWS, stride length at HWS, and the coefficient of variation (CV) of stride length at LWS—achieved a classification accuracy of 78.1% using the random forest algorithm. For early PD detection, stride length at HWS and CV at LWS provided 67.3% accuracy with Naïve Bayes. Walking speed at PWS was the most critical feature for distinguishing early from moderate PD, with an accuracy of 69.8%. These findings suggest that assessing gait over consecutive steps under different speed conditions may improve early detection and severity assessment of people of PD.
Optimizing Military Target Recognition in Urban Battlefields: An Intelligent Framework Based on Graph Neural Networks and YOLO
Authors: Wang Xiaoyu , Zhang Lijuan , Jiang Yutong , Zhao Hui
Published: November 2024

In urban battlefield environments, the rapid movement and frequent occlusion of military targets often result in lower detection accuracy. To address this issue, this study proposes an innovative approach that combines graph neural networks with the YOLO model to overcome the slow detection speed and low accuracy due to blurriness in existing models. We first detect the targets, then enhance model performance by introducing intelligent reasoning and optimization processes at the output stage, allowing the model to reassess object confidence based on spatial relationships between objects. A graph relationship model is constructed from the detection results and input into the adjusted SeHGNN network. The SeHGNN network learns complex relationships between targets and recalculates confidence scores. Experimental results show significant improvements in mAP@0.50, demonstrating the effectiveness of this method. By integrating traditional object detection techniques with the knowledge reasoning capabilities of graph neural networks, this approach substantially enhances the model’s performance in detecting military targets in urban battlefield scenarios.
Total fistula volume predicts surgical outcomes in complex perianal fistulizing Crohn’s disease following fistula-tract laser closure: A single center retrospective study
Authors: Cao Dongxing , Wang Xiaohui , Zhang Ye , Qian Keyu , Yang Nailin , Zhu Mingming , Li Yousheng , Wu Guangyu , Cui Zhe
Published: November 2024

Backgrounds: This study aimed to identify risk factors influencing long-term treatment outcomes in patients with complex perianal fistulizing Crohn’s disease (pfCD) following fistula-tract laser closure (FiLaC™). Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on data from patients with complex pfCD who underwent FiLaC™ from January 2019 to December 2020, including demographics, pharmacological regimens, and pre-operative MRI assessments. Follow-up monitored fistula outcomes such as healing, remission, failure, and recurrence. Results: Among 49 patients followed for an average of 60.0 months, 31 (63.3%) achieved fistula healing, 3 (6.1%) showed improvement, 3 (6.1%) had non-healing, and 12 (24.5%) experienced recurrence. Significant differences were found between healed and unhealed groups in total fistula volume (TFV), number of fistula tracts, and perianal Crohn’s disease activity index (PDAI) (P = 0.036, P = 0.020, and P = 0.041, respectively). Multivariate regression analysis indicated TFV as a significant predictor of healing outcomes (P = 0.013). ROC analysis confirmed its predictive value for fistula healing in complex pfCD, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.729 (P = 0.008). The optimal threshold for TFV was 4.81 cm³, with a sensitivity of 61.1% and a specificity of 83.9%. The AUC for recurrence rates was 0.883 (P < 0.001), with the sensitivity and specificity at 83.3% and 83.8%, respectively, using the same threshold for TFV. The Kaplan–Meier survival curve highlighted the predictive potential of TFV for fistula recurrence (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: TFV is an effective predictor for long-term outcomes in patients with complex pfCD following FiLaC™.
Transition from internal to external oxidation in binary Fe-Cr alloys around 900°C
Authors: Chyrkin Anton , Froitzheim Jan , Quadakkers Willem Joseph
Published: November 2024

The transition from external to internal oxidation of a binary Fe-10Cr alloy has been investigated in Fe/FeO Rhines pack (RP) and H2/H2O between 850 and 900°C. Internal oxidation is facilitated by increasing temperature and presence of water vapor. A classical Wagnerian diffusion analysis predicts external oxidation for ferritic (BCC) Fe-10Cr and internal oxidation for austenitic (FCC) Fe-10Cr. The a-to-g transformation is demonstrated to be the primary factor promoting internal oxidation in Fe-Cr around 900°C. Water vapor is believed to promote internal oxidation due to a higher reactivity of H2O compared to O2 and higher preferential adsorption of the H2O molecule.
Differential management of Pneumatosis Intestinalis (PI)
Authors: Habeb Bola , Khair Sandy , Fowler Matthew
Published: November 2024

Pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) is a rare but potentially serious gastrointestinal condition with diverse clinical presentations. PI is identified by the presence of gas in the extraluminal intestinal wall and is further subclassified into benign pneumatosis intestinalis (BPI) and life-threatening pneumatosis intestinalis (LTPI). Prompt and accurate diagnosis, often aided by imaging studies, is crucial to guide appropriate management. Treatment strategies vary depending on the severity of symptoms and underlying etiologies. Collaboration between gastroenterology, radiology, and general surgery is essential to optimize patient outcomes in cases of PI. Herein, we present a case of Pneumatosis Intestinalis complicated with intestinal perforation that was managed surgically.
First-in-patient exploratory trial assessing safety, feasibility, and efficacy of artificial protein (silk- elastin) in promoting healing in patients with meniscus injuries
Authors: Ishikawa Masakazu , Tsuji Shunya , Kamei Goki , Nakata Kyohei , Nekomoto Akinori , Hashiguchi Naofumi , Nakasa Tomoyuki , Nakamae Atsuo , Kamei Naosuke , Inoue Keiichiro , Kawabata Shingo , Ueda Keiko , Adachi Nobuo
Published: November 2024

Meniscal tears are a significant risk factor for osteoarthritis when repair fails. Meniscal repair is the preferred treatment to preserve function, however, has a high failure rate in avascular areas. Silk-elastin (SE), an artificial protein with wound-healing properties, was assessed in this study for its safety and potential efficacy in enhancing meniscal repair. Eight patients with meniscal tears in avascular zone underwent arthroscopic repair followed by SE application. The study included both lateral and medial meniscal tears, with discoid lateral meniscus and bucket-handle tears among them. There was no adverse events or reactions associated with SE application. Three months post-surgery, clinical outcomes and repaired sites were evaluated using MRI and arthroscopy. Significant improvements in Lysholm, and visual analog scale scores were observed (P<0.05). The knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score was significantly improved only in the symptom subscale. MRI findings showed that one patient had grade 1 and three patients had grade 2 healing and four had grade 3 (unhealed). Arthroscopic evaluation revealed that six patients had completely healed menisci, while the other two had incomplete healing. No patients had a meniscus categorized as “unhealed”. The study concluded that SE is safe and shows promise for promoting meniscal healing in the avascular zone, suggesting its potential as an option to improve repair outcomes.
Phytochemical Profiling, Antifungal Potential of Vinca rosea Extracts and Isolated Compound Against Wheat Pathogens from Northern Part of India
Authors: Sharma Parul , Kaur Ramandeep , Kaur Jaspal , Bhardwaj Urvashi
Published: November 2024

Natural products significantly impact the pharmaceutical and agricultural industries, especially as alternatives to synthetic fungicides. Our research aimed to investigate the phytochemical properties of the V. rosea plant, focusing on extracts obtained from various polar and non-polar solvents and their antifungal potential against two fungi affecting wheat plants (Fusarium graminearum and Bipolaris sorokiniana). We used multiple techniques (maceration, sonication, Soxhlet extraction) to prepare extracts, and their phytochemical screening was done to analyze different bioactive compounds, which was further confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), showing the presence of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins as bioactive compounds in this plant. GC-MS analysis helped identify potentially important compounds with higher concentrations and further helped to isolate vindoline from leaf extract. Antifungal assays demonstrated vindoline effectiveness against F. graminearum and B. sorokiniana. This study's findings underscore the importance of V. rosea as a natural source of antifungal agents. The identified bioactive compounds in GC-MS analysis also pave the way for developing pharmaceutical biosynthesis pathways, enlightening future research and development in these industries.
Behavior of electrodeposited silicon in lithium-ion power sources
Authors: Leonova Anastasia , Leonova Natalia , Suzdaltsev Andrey
Published: November 2024

Due to increased lithium capacity silicon and silicon-based materials appear promising for their use in high-power lithium-ion power sources. In the present work a comparative analysis of the electrochemical behavior of electrodeposited thin films, submicron fibers and needles during their multiple lithiation and delithiation as part of the anode half-cell of a lithium-ion power source has been performed. Silicon samples electrodeposited from molten KCl-K2SiF6-SiO2, KCl-CsCl-K2SiF6, and LiCl-KCl-CsCl-K2SiF6 electrolytes were taken for comparison. As a result of the studies, it is shown that the silicon samples possess discharge capacity from 20 to 1500 mAh g− 1 depending on the charge and discharge current. At the same time, in the course of multiple lithiation, a gradual decrease in the charging and discharging capacity of all the studied samples was observed as a result of silicon expansion, which leads to the formation of new surfaces for the formation of SEI, and the disruption of electrical contacts both in the volume of the anode mass and between the anode and the substrate.
Relationship between Employment Status, Loneliness, and Social Isolation: A Systematic Review
Authors: Sugiura Keiko , Takase Mai , Nakamoto Isuzu , Watanabe Saya , Murayama Hiroshi
Published: November 2024

Background
Loneliness and social isolation are significant concerns of public health globally. Although employment was one of the social participants, there is a dearth of literature examining the relationship between employment status and loneliness or social isolation. This study reviewed the relationship between employment status and loneliness/social isolation of adults.
Methods
For this systematic review, a computerized search was performed using PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO for prospective studies published until May 2021. The observational studies were extracted according to study participants, indicators, follow-up period, statistical approach, and main results. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.
Results
Of the 3,214 records identified, nine studies were included in the systematic review based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Seven articles investigated loneliness, while the remaining two examined social isolation. Of the nine articles, two were from Israel, two from the US, and one each from Australia, Germany, Croatia, the Netherlands, and England. Approximately half the articles were published in the past decade. Only one of the nine articles used a longitudinal design. Four articles, whose samples covered all age groups, reported that being employed was associated with a lower sense of loneliness. The other three articles, whose samples consisted predominantly of people aged 30–64 years, reported a strong association between being employed and having a lower sense of loneliness. Only one of the seven studies reported an association between employment and loneliness among people aged 65 years or older. Two studies found no such association among that age group. The two studies that used social isolation as the outcome reported that employed people were significantly less isolated compared with unemployed people.
Conclusions
The review revealed that employed people are less likely to feel lonely or socially isolated. This study suggests that recommendations can be made for creating age-dependent employment conditions to avoid loneliness or social isolation.
The morbidity, viability and growth performance of water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) calves during the growth phase can be affected by colostrum nutritional components as well as colostrum and calf’s serum non-nutritional components
Authors: Okuyucu ibrahim Cihangir , Erdem Hüseyin
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to investigate the effects of colostrum dry matter (DM), fat, solids-non-fat (SNF), protein, and lactose contents as well as colostrum and calf’s serum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgA, IgM), IGF-1, and lactoferrin concentrations on the morbidity, viability and growth performance of Anatolian buffalo calves during growth phase (0–6 mo). A total of 86 female and male calves, along with data from the dams of these calves, were utilized in the present study. Colostrum (at first milking) and calf serum samples (at 24–48 h and 28 d after birth) were analyzed with a milk analyzer and ELISA. Calves with high circulating concentrations of IgG at 24–48 h and IGF-1 and lactoferrin at 28 d during neonatal period (0–30 d and 31–60 d) had lower incidences of diarrhea than those with low concentrations. Calves with high circulating (at 24–48 h) concentrations of all Ig’s had higher viability at the 0–6 mo. Calves fed with colostrum with high DM, fat, SNF, protein, IgG, IGF-1 and lactoferrin content improved growth at different phases of the 0–6 mo, regardless of the volume of colostrum delivered. Consequently, variations in the concentration of some bioactive substances in colostrum and circulation can affect growth, disease and viability.
Ancestral Flavors of the Gastronomy of Catacaos in Peru: A Revaluation and Rescue
Authors: Aguirre-Sosa Joaquin , Dextre Maria Luisa , Vargas-Merino Jorge Alberto
Published: November 2024

Since the dawn of humanity, food has evolved beyond its basic function of sustenance, becoming an essential pillar of social life. Group hunting and farming not only ensured survival but also fostered cooperation and social cohesion. The aim of this research was to revalue the ancestral flavors of the gastronomy of Catacaos, Piura, Peru, by identifying and promoting traditional culinary practices through the “Flavors of the North” gastronomic festival. This qualitative study, with a descriptive-interpretive approach based on the ethnomethodological paradigm, included semi-structured interviews with key actors of the event. These interviews allowed for the exploration of the cultural, organizational, and social dynamics underlying the festival, integrating the perspectives of cooks, local entrepreneurs, and tourism managers. The study highlighted the richness of recipes and techniques passed down through generations, as well as the preservation of native ingredients and ancestral cooking methods. Gastronomic festivals are spaces to enjoy local cuisine and, as such, act as key tools for preserving cultural heritage, allowing new generations to connect with their roots. The revaluation of these ancestral flavors is crucial to safeguarding Catacaos' culinary memory in the face of cultural globalization, ensuring that its legacy remains alive and continuously evolves.
The Second Victim Experience and Support Tool: a cross-cultural adaptation, validation and psychometric evaluation of the Serbian version for pharmacy professionals (SR-SVEST-R)
Authors: Zimonjić Ivana , Marinković Valentina , Mira José Joaquín , Knežević Bojana , Djokic Borivoje-Boris , Bogavac-Stanojević Nataša , Odalović Marina
Published: November 2024

Background: The second victim phenomenon, involving emotional and psychological distress after adverse events, is underexplored among pharmacy professionals. The validated Second Victim Experience and Support Tool measures these experiences and support options, with the improved version also assessing resilience.
Aim: This study aimed to validate the Second Victim Experience and Support Tool-Revised, measure the second victim phenomenon, and present results among pharmacy professionals in Serbia.
Method: This cross-sectional study included 350 pharmacy professionals (MPharm and technicians). The questionnaire, with 9 factors and 35 statements, was translated and adapted following guidelines, and the content was validated by five experts. A pre-test with 30 participants ensured clarity, followed by Confirmatory Factor Analysis for construct validity and Cronbach's Alpha for reliability.
Results: Content validity was confirmed with item scores from 0.8 to 1 and an average scale score of 0.83. Factor analysis identified 9 factors and 30 items (Chi-square = 545.571, degrees of freedom = 366, p < 0.001). The model fit was supported by a Root Mean Square Error of Approximation of 0.037, a Comparative Fit Index of 0.958, a Tucker-Lewis Index of 0.950, and a Standardised Root Mean Square Residual of 0.040. Reliability analysis showed a Cronbach's alpha of 0.88, with factor values from 0.60 to 0.90. Among participants, 49.5% feared future events, 47.4% felt exhausted, 22.6% considered quitting, 72.6% valued peer support, and 28.9% improved work quality.
Conclusion: The Serbian resilience measuring version effectively evaluates the second victim experience and support options among pharmacy professionals, showing good validity and reliability.
A Noval RUL Prediction Method for Rolling Bearing: TcLstmNet-CBAM
Authors: Liu Qiang , Dai Zhengwei , Lai Hongxi , Chen Minghao , Huang Huiyuan , Fu Jiahui , Hou Mingxin , Xu Xiaoming , Wang Guangbin , Yan Jin
Published: November 2024

Rolling bearings are pivotal components within rotating mechanical systems, and accurately predicting their remaining service life holds significant practical importance. This paper addresses issues prevalent in common deep learning methods for predicting remaining useful life (RUL), notably inadequate feature extraction and low prediction accuracy resulting from reliance solely on short-term or long-term dependent features.In this paper, we introduce a residual useful life prediction method for bearings, named TcLstmNet-CBAM. This method integrates CBAM attention alongside parallel Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). Specifically, it employs a parallel network architecture for feature extraction, TCN extracts long-term temporal relationships and quickly mines deep spatial features to capture short-term time series relationships using LSTM. Additionally, the method incorporates the CBAM attention mechanism to assign weights to features across various dimensions, emphasizing the significance of important features.This approach not only achieves a more comprehensive feature distribution but also enhances the representation of crucial features, consequently leading to improved accuracy in predicting RUL. Finally, to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, we conducted experiments on the PHM2012 and XJTU-SY rolling bearing datasets, comparing its performance against several other prevalent deep learning prediction methods. The results demonstrate the robustness and generalization capability of the proposed method.