bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O constitucionalismo da falta no Brasil
Authors: Moreira Nelson Camatta , Paula Rodrigo Francisco de
Published: December 2017

As narrativas sobre a história do constitucionalismo brasileiro ainda predominantes na dogmática constitucional são marcadas por um ressentimento quanto ao passado constitucional, no sentido de que as experiências brasileiras representam a história de um fracasso, ou de uma tragédia, do processo de constitucionalização no Brasil. Assim, pretende-se, neste artigo, a formulação de uma crítica a essa perspectiva da dogmática constitucional, apontando-se, com Hannah Arendt, os pressupostos que justificam a história de um constitucionalismo, com o esforço de recordação do ato de fundação, por meio de narrativas que procuram encontrar uma linha de continuidade, entrecortada por avanços e retrocessos, entre o ato de fundação e os atos seguintes como novos começos que o rememoram. Depois, com Paul Ricœur, aponta-se que o ressentimento encontrado nas narrativas sobre a história do constitucionalismo brasileiro impede a memória do passado constitucional, resultando na impossibilidade de se fazer uma história do constitucionalismo brasileiro, o que mantém a eternidade e a permanência do fracasso, ou da tragédia, da Constituição e do processo de constitucionalização no Brasil.
Controle jurídico das políticas públicas: uma análise a partir dos conceitos de eficácia, efetividade e eficiência
Authors: Aguiar Julio Cesar , Haber Melina Tostes
Published: December 2017

O presente trabalho debate o controle de políticas públicas, notadamente, quanto ao alcance de resultados na sociedade. Para isso, primeiro é feita uma breve revisão da literatura nacional e estrangeira sobre políticas públicas, destacando peculiaridades, como a imposição de constante monitoramento da realidade social e de regime jurídico que permita reversibilidade e flexibilidade. A partir daí, demonstra-se que o direito, para dialogar com o mundo dos fatos, carece de um instrumental específico. Para solução deste problema, o artigo auxilia-se de novos parâmetros de estudo do direito, para além da dogmática, que possibilitam maior cientificidade ao operar uma avaliação crítica da implantação destas políticas. Assim, traz-se noções de psicologia, dentro da análise comportamental, a fim de construir conceitos próprios de eficácia e de efetividade do direito. Em seguida, discute-se a aplicação dos critérios de eficiência, originados da análise econômica do direito, no controle das políticas públicas. Com isso, procura-se destacar de que forma pode-se efetuar o controle de políticas públicas, para que estas possam transformar a realidade social e concretizar os objetivos preconizados pelo direito positivo.
Comitê de Auditoria e Gerenciamento de Resultados em Empresas Reguladas e Empresas Não Reguladas
Authors: Silva David Stanhy de Carvalho , Vasconcelos Alessandra Carvalho de , De Luca Márcia Martins Mendes
Published: December 2017

Os diversos códigos de boas práticas de governança corporativa em todo o mundo recomendam a presença de órgãos técnicos, conhecidos como comitês, para assessorar o conselho de administração. Nesse contexto, destaca-se o comitê de auditoria, que deve ser constituído por membros independentes, com conhecimento na área, e tem, entre outras, a finalidade de inibir a prática de gerenciamento de resultados. O presente estudo analisa a correlação entre as características do comitê de auditoria e a prática de gerenciamento de resultados nas empresas listadas no IGCX, da BM&FBovespa. As 66 empresas do IGCX com comitê de auditoria foram distribuídas em dois grupos, sendo 30 reguladas e 36 não reguladas, levando em conta que as empresas participantes de setores regulados por agências governamentais seguem normas e diretrizes que as diferenciam das demais. Analisaram-se os dados, utilizando-se o teste de diferença entre médias, o teste de correlação e o método de detecção de interação automática do qui-quadrado (Chaid). Os resultados indicam que não há diferenças entre as características dos comitês de auditoria das empresas reguladas e as dos comitês das não reguladas. Constatou-se, ainda, que não há correlação entre as características dos comitês de auditoria e as práticas de gerenciamento de resultados nas empresas da amostra. Contudo, conclui-se, por meio da análise da árvore de segmentação, que as empresas de grande porte apresentam baixo nível de gerenciamento de resultados, são reguladas e possuem pequeno número de membros independentes no comitê de auditoria.
Estudo Comparativo entre o Currículo Mundial e os Currículos dos Cursos de Ciências Contábeis em IES Federais do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Rezende Taynara Guimarães de , Carvalho Márcia Da Silva , Bufoni André Luiz
Published: December 2017

Com o mundo cada vez mais globalizado, é exigido da contabilidade informações compreensíveis e comparáveis entre quaisquer mercados financeiros do mundo. Esta mudança sugere que o conteúdo do ensino em contabilidade deva também convergir. A ONU/UNCTAD/ISAR, percebendo isso, desenvolveu o Currículo Mundial (CM). O objetivo geral do artigo é analisar os currículos das IES para verificar seu grau de conformidade com modelo proposto. Para tal utilizamos uma análise de conteúdo qualitativa, onde as ementas das disciplinas das grades curriculares de Ciências Contábeis da UFF, UFRJ e UFRRJ são comparadas com os conteúdos propostos pelo Currículo Mundial, com intenção de verificar quais os pontos do CM estão sendo contemplados nas ementas das disciplinas que compõem a matriz curricular de cada curso. Os resultados indicam que nenhuma das Universidades analisadas está perto de alcançar o conteúdo mínimo recomendado pelo Currículo Mundial do ISAR, currículo elaborado seguindo as diretrizes do International Federation of Accountants (IFAC). O maior índice encontrado foi o da UFF com apenas 17,32% de aderência.
Human Rights in the Management Literature: Leading Publications and Research Agenda
Authors: Gomes Marcus Vinicius Peinado , Barros Amon , Grigoletto Fábio , Matos Lorena
Published: December 2017

This paper identifies and examines leading publications on human rights within the management literature. For that, we used features of a bibliometric analysis -- specifically exploring product and impact indicators -- in order to identify the leading publications on human rights that were examined aiming to portray how the issue has been addressed within this field. Moreover, by identifying the key articles and concepts adopted by the leading publications, this paper offers an interpretation of the academic context that enabled the emergence of a human rights approach within the management field. Thus, a contribution of this paper is to highlight how the debate on human rights in management has been strengthened, identifying articles and journals that can be a source of reference for future research. Our study has identified a shift in the discussion regarding human rights. During the last decade the topic, which was initially focused on the role of states in guaranteeing human rights, has started to examine the relationship between organizations and society. Such transformation has placed human rights as both, a responsibility and a duty of corporations. It is suggested that the literature on ethics and corporate social responsibility (CSR) was the entrance for a human rights approach within management literature. However, the discipline has already engaged in elaborating different interpretation of human rights. Our research shows the potential of human rights in consolidate a research agenda on corporate impact in our societies.
Necrotizing Enterocolitis after Octreotide Treatment in a Preterm Newborn with Idiopathic Congenital Chylothorax
Authors: Büyüktiryaki Mehmet , Oncel Mehmet Yekta , Okur Nilufer , Derme Turan , Oguz Serife Suna
Published: December 2017

Octreotide, a somatostatin analogue, has been used for the management of patients with refractory chylothorax. Side effects related to the gastrointestinal system associated with octreotide are necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and focal intestinal perforation. NEC is the most common and dangerous gastrointestinal emergency in premature infants. We present the development of necrotizing enterocolitis after octreotide treatment in a preterm infant with idiopathic congenital chylothorax which settled after discontinuation of octreotide.
DNA Microarray for Rapid Detection and Identification of Food and Water Borne Bacteria: From Dry to Wet Lab
Authors: Ranjbar Reza , Behzadi Payam , Najafi Ali , Roudi Raheleh
Published: December 2017

Background:

A rapid, accurate, flexible and reliable diagnostic method may significantly decrease the costs of diagnosis and treatment. Designing an appropriate microarray chip reduces noises and probable biases in the final result.

Objective:

The aim of this study was to design and construct a DNA Microarray Chip for a rapid detection and identification of 10 important bacterial agents.

Method:

In the present survey, 10 unique genomic regions relating to 10 pathogenic bacterial agents includingEscherichia coli (E.coli), Shigella boydii, Sh.dysenteriae, Sh.flexneri, Sh.sonnei, Salmonella typhi, S.typhimurium, Brucella sp., Legionella pneumophila,andVibrio cholerawere selected for designing specific long oligo microarray probes. For this reason, the in-silico operations including utilization of the NCBI RefSeq database, Servers of PanSeq and Gview, AlleleID 7.7 and Oligo Analyzer 3.1 was done. On the other hand, thein-vitropart of the study comprised stages of robotic microarray chip probe spotting, bacterial DNAs extraction and DNA labeling, hybridization and microarray chip scanning. In wet lab section, different tools and apparatus such as Nexterion® Slide E, Qarrayminispotter, NimbleGen kit, TrayMixTMS4, and Innoscan 710 were used.

Results:

A DNA microarray chip including 10 long oligo microarray probes was designed and constructed for detection and identification of 10 pathogenic bacteria.

Conclusion:

The DNA microarray chip was capable to identify all 10 bacterial agents tested simultaneously. The presence of a professional bioinformatician as a probe designer is needed to design appropriate multifunctional microarray probes to increase the accuracy of the outcomes.
IDENTIFICATION OF PROBLEM SOLVING STRATEGIES IN MATHEATICS AMONG HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: Krishnan J. Navaneetha , Devanesan P. Paul
Published: December 2017

The major aim of teaching Mathematics is to develop problem solving skill among the students. This article aims to find out the problem solving strategies and to test the students’ ability in using these strategies to solve problems. Using sample survey method, four hundred students were taken for this investigation. Students’ achievement in solving problems was tested for their Identification and Application of Problem Solving Strategies as a major finding, thirty one percent of the students’ achievement in mathematics is contributed by Identification and Application of Problem Solving Strategies.
KHADI MANUFACTURER OF MARWAR (RAJASTHAN)
Authors: Kothari Usha , Kaur, Simerjeet Kaur Karanjeet , Kaur Simerjeet
Published: December 2017

It is believed that man first learned how to create string 20 to 30 thousand years ago, by twisting plant fibers together. An Indian textile enjoys a rich heritage and the origin of textile in India traces back to the Indus valley civilization where people handspun cotton for weaving clothes. Rigveda, the earliest of the Veda contains the literary information about textiles and it refers to weaving. Present study was conducted at Marwar region of Rajasthan state. The study was based on the primary data and the necessary data required for the study were collected through questionnaire. 600 respondents were selected for the study. They were students, working and non-working persons. This study covers opinion of both males and females about the use of Khadi fabric and their opinion about Khadi fabric (B. Narayan, 2010). To fulfill the purpose of the study three types of respondents were selected khadi consumers, khadi bhandars and khadi manufacturers.
Survey was conducted to collect relvent data for the purpose. Three types of questionnaire (with open and close ended questions ) were developed to obtain data from consumers, manufacturers of khadi fabric and khadi bhandars.
Applicability Analysis of Task-Based Language Teaching Approach in the Context of College English Education in China
Authors: Yang Chen
Published: December 2017

As a widely-used language teaching approach, Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) has become increasingly popular in the field of second language acquisition, which can be applied in a wide range of different ages learners. The practice of TBLT in College English in China seems to be comparatively successful these years. The author starts his essay with a systematic literature review which addresses the theoretical bases of TBLT as well as the background information of College English Education in China. The essay then looks into the different practical situations in different learning contexts in Chinese colleges in terms of four English skills: listening, speaking, reading, writing, and tries to confirm which context is best suited to. Finally, the essay argues that it is difficult to define a specific section TBLT has obviously better effects than the other three in College English education, through comparing the strengths and limitations of application to each skill. In summary, TBLT can be favorably practiced in College English by narrowing down the drawbacks of the application to each skill.
RAPID AND ECONOMICAL QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF SEVERAL ANTIHYPERTENSIVE AGENTS IN PRESENCE OF HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE BY ISOCRATIC REVERSED-PHASE HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY IN THEIR PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS
Authors: Ravisankar Panchumarthy , G Devala Rao , Sulthana Md Shaheem , K Supriya , G Mounika , P Naveena
Published: December 2017

Objective: Objective of the present investigation is to develop a speedy isocratic reverse phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for the separation and quantitative determination of 5 angiotensin II - receptor antagonists, namely, telmisartan, losartan, valsartan, olmesartan, irbesartan, and atenolol along with thiazide diuretics mostly hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ).Methods: RP-HPLC method was evolved using Welchrom C18 column (4.6 × 250 mm, 5 μm) as a stationary phase with the mobile phase comprising a variety of phosphate buffer with pH-3.3 and acetonitrile in the proportion of 50:50 v/v. The mobile phase was pumped at a current rate of 1 mL/minute. The detection wavelength was carried out at 230 nm.Results: The total run time was 6 minutes and the elution window of only 3 minutes. The peaks were eluted with decorous resolution. The calibration curves were linear (r2=0.9998) in all cases. The percentage relative standard deviation (RSD%) was <2% and average recovery was above 99.95%. The method was validated specificity, precision, and accuracy. High recovery values and low RSD% prove that this method is very accurate and reproducible. The developed method was applied to the estimation of the above-said drugs in binary combinations from different manufacturers which were a good agreement with label claim.Conclusion: The important advantage of developed method was that the five individual drugs can be determined on a single chromatographic system without alteration in detection wavelength and mobile phase composition. This novel method was statistically validated as per ICH guidelines. The optimized method proved to be linear, accurate, and robust. Hence, the above said proposed method was found to be a rapid tool for the routine determination of the above-said drugs in alone or combination with HCTZ in quality control analysis without interference of excipients.
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW ON COMORBID DEPRESSION IN PATIENTS WITH EPILEPSY
Authors: Mammen Keziya Ann , S Sathesh Kumar
Published: December 2017

Epilepsy is one of the common neurological disorders that are seen worldwide. It can also affect a person’s social, mental, and physiological well-being and thus restricts and disables the common living of man. Depression as such has been well reported in patients with epilepsy, and also depression itself remains a factor that can lead to the development of epilepsy. Increased rates of suicidal tendencies are also associated with depression both in men and women. Depression is further extended in affecting the quality of life in epileptic patients. Depressive rates are found to have a higher value in epileptic patients when compared with the normal population. This article aims to produce a comprehensive review of the epidemiological considerations, clinical findings and management strategies for depression associated with epilepsy.
EFFECT OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF CYANOTIS CRISTATA LEAVES APPLIED TOPICALLY ON WOUND HEALING IN WISTAR RATS
Authors: Pathak Anurag , Shenoy Smita , Kiran Sushil , A Avinash , Nayak Deepak , Tonse Naveen Kumar , Tilak Amod , Shetty Manjunath
Published: December 2017

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of ethanolic extract of Cyanotis cristata leaves when applied topically on healing of wound in Wistar rats.Methods: C. cristata leaves were evaluated for its effect on healing of wound in three models, namely, incision, excision, and burn wound. Each model included five groups, each consisting of 6 rats. The five groups were as follows: Group I rats (control and ointment base), Group II rats (standard and silver sulfadiazine), and Group III, Group IV, Group V (treated with C. cristata extract ointment of 0.5%, 1%, and 2%, respectively). Variables evaluated included breaking strength in incision wound while it was contraction rate and epithelialization in excision and burn wound. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test was used to analyze data.Result: In incision wound, breaking strength in test group was significantly increased (p<0.001) as compared to control. In excision and burn wound of test group, time to epithelialization and contraction rate was significantly decreased (p<0.001). The granulation tissue from excision and burn wound showed increased collagen and less inflammatory cells in test groups in comparison to the control.Conclusion: The ethanolic extract of leaves of C. cristata, when applied topically, enhanced wound strength and accelerated healing of incision, excision, and burn wounds in rats.
DETERMINATION OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF THREE MARINE ALGAE COLLECTED FROM VISAKHAPATNAM COAST
Authors: S Satya Lakshmi
Published: December 2017

Objective: Determination of biological activities of marine algae collected from the Visakhapatnam coastal region.Methods: Antibacterial activity of algal extracts determined by the well diffusion method, antioxidant activity was determined by reducing power (RP) method and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging method finally anti-inflammatory activity was determined by human red blood cell stabilization method and egg albumin method.Results: Methanolic extracts of three algae have potential inhibition activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Green alga Enteromorpha compressa has better antioxidant activity compared to the Gracilaria arcuata and Ulva fasciata when tested in RP and DPPH method. U. fasciata found good anti-inflammatory activity among the selected three algae.Conclusion: The three tested algae exhibited significant antibacterial and antioxidant activity compared to anti-inflammatory activity. These bioactive compounds containing macroalgae may find their commercial potential in medicine, food, and cosmetic industry
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF SEAWEEDS
Authors: C Sasikala , D Geetha Ramani
Published: December 2017

Objective: Secondary metabolites from natural resources are a potential source of antimicrobial leads and drugs can exploited to combat antimicrobial resistance in microorganisms. Seaweeds are considered as a valuable source with a broad spectrum of biological activities. Hence, this study was undertaken to screen seaweeds from Mandapam coastal waters, East coast of India, for antimicrobial activity.Methods: Compounds were extracted using methanol from the seaweeds, namely, Halimeda gracilis, Caulerpa serrulata, Sargassum swartzii, Sargassum wightii, Jania rubens, Ulva lactuca, Ulva fasciata, Gracilaria corticata, Stoechospermum marginatum, Caulerpa scalpelliformis, Caulerpa taxifolia, Chaetomorpha crassa, Enteromorpha flexuosa, and Turbinaria ornate. The extracts were screened for their antimicrobial activity against selected bacterial and fungal pathogens.Results: In the present study, S. swartzii, J. rubens, and S. marginatum showed broad spectrum of antibacterial activity against all the test bacterial pathogens. Among these, the maximum activity was exhibited by S. swartzii against Enterococcus faecalis (27.00 ± 0.88) and Streptococcus pyogenes (23.00 ± 0.84), followed by J. rubens against E. faecalis (26.00 ± 0.56) and S. pyogenes (22.00 ± 0.75), and S. marginatum exhibited significant inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus (15.00 ± 0.22) and S. pyogenes (18.00 ± 1.16).Conclusion: These seaweeds with significant antibacterial activity will subjected to phytochemical screening to find out the potential active principle responsible for antimicrobial activity. It is followed by purification and characterization of the compounds for possible application in drug formulation, can take this to large-scale application in pharmaceutical industries.
CARDIOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF PHYLLANTHUS FRATERNUS LEAVES EXTRACT AGAINST CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE - INDUCED MYOCARDIAL INJURY IN RATS
Authors: Moirangthem Rakesh Singh , Gunindro Ngangom , Takhellambam Dipdeba Singh , Khuraijam Sucheta Devi , N Meena , S Rita
Published: December 2017

Objectives: This study was undertaken to investigate the possible protective effect of aqueous extract of Phyllanthus fraternus (AEPF) leaves against cyclophosphamide (CP) induced myocardial toxicity in rats.Methods: Wistar rats were given CP single intraperitoneally injection (200 mg/kg) on day 1 of the experiment and two doses of AEPF (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) p.o. daily for 10 days. Cardiac biomarker enzymes such as creatinine kinase (CK), CK isoenzyme MB, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine transaminase, and aspartate transaminase were determined. Histopathological examinations of the hearts were done.Results: CP treated groups exhibited significantly increased in cardiac biomarker enzymes. Treatment with AEPF prevented the elevation of these enzymes. Potential protective effect was also seen in histopathological examination of the heart characterized by decreased myocardium cell damages in AEPF treatment group.Conclusion: The study showed the protective role of AEPF against CP-induced myocardial injury. The possible role of antioxidant activity is anticipated.
PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF ANTINEOPLASTIC ACTIVITY OF HYDROETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF UNRIPE FRUIT OF CARICA PAPAYA LINN USING ANIMAL MODEL
Authors: Praveena Padmam , Jethinlalkhosh Jayapalan Prasannakumari , Doss Victor Arokia
Published: December 2017

Objective: This study was undertaken to screen the effect of administration of various doses of hydroethanolic extract of unripe fruit of Carica papaya L. (HEECP) against Dalton’s ascitic lymphoma (DAL) in Swiss albino mice.Methods: DAL cells were injected intraperitoneally (1×106 cells) to each mouse and divided into various groups. The animals were treated with various doses (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) of HEECP. A standard drug (5-fluorouracil, 20 mg/kg/day) was also used. The animals were evaluated for hematological and biochemical parameters and were compared with the same parameters in the standard by collecting blood from a retro-orbital blood vessel of mice. Results: The life spans of the animals were increased. In the DAL tumor control group, the average life span of animals was found to be 45% whereas, 200 and 400 mg/kg of test drug showed increase in life span to 67% and 75%, respectively. Platelets count was significantly (p<0.001) decreased in cancer control group and was brought back to normal after treatment. Conclusion: These observations suggest that the extract possesses antineoplastic effect against DAL.
IN VITRO FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITY AND IN VIVO ANTICATARACT POTENTIAL OF HEMIDESMUS INDICUS ROOTS IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS
Authors: Tirumani Prabhakar , Av Rajashekhar
Published: December 2017

Objective: Hemidesmus indicus R. Br. (HI) (Indian sarsaparilla) is traditionally used in Indian medicine for human therapy. The present study was aimed to evaluate the antioxidant activity of HI root extracts, and its effects on delaying (or) management of cataract progression in streptozoticin (STZ) induced diabetic rats.Methods: The plant roots were extracted in different solvents, estimated total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and conducted free radical scavenging potential through 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2 azinobis (3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid diammonium salt (ABTS) NO, OH and reducing power assays. Further, the protective effect was evaluated in STZ induced diabetic rats through administered of ethyl acetate extract of HI (200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) orally for 8 weeks to study its effect on oxidative stress and diabetic cataract progression.Results: In primary results demonstrated that the ethyl acetate extract has been showed considerable free radical scavenging activity and significantly gain body weight, gradual decreasing blood glucose levels and delay cataract progression has been observed in HI treated rats. Furthermore, we observed significantly decreased oxidative stress markers, and restoration of the antioxidant system in HI treated rats. Lens sections from experimental animal again evidenced to conform the ameliorative effect of HI on diabetic cataract.Conclusion: This obtained result’s confirmed that the protective effect of HI is attributed to the antioxidant activities of plant roots and its active principles.
A SIMPLE REVERSE PHASE-HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF VALSARTAN IN BULK AND IT’S TABLET DOSAGE FORM
Authors: Godela Ramreddy , Bhavani Sherisha
Published: December 2017

Objective: The most important objective of the present research work is to develop simple, specific, rapid, accurate, and sensitive reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method and validated for the qualitative and quantitative determination of valsartan in its active pharmaceutical ingredient and tablet dosage form according to ICH guidelines.Proposed Method: An isocratic separation was done using Phenomenex C18 column possess 75×4.6 mm, 2.6 μ,100 A0 dimensions with mobile phase composition of water:acetonitrile (30:70% v/v) by maintaining 1 ml/minute flow rate and response detected at a wavelength of 247 nm.Results: The retention time of valsartan was found to be 2.71 minutes, limit of detection and limit of quantification were observed at 1.24 μg/ml and 3.6 μg/ml concentration, respectively, and a calibration curve was linear in the concentration range of 5-50 μg/ml with coefficient of correlation 0.99. The percentage recovery (accuracy) was in the range of 98.9-102%, and the % relative standard deviation was observed to be <2%.Conclusion: The proposed method was validated for accuracy, precision, sensitivity, linearity, and robustness and successfully employed for the quantitative determination of valsartan in tablet dosage form in quality control department of pharmaceutical industry.
THE POTENCY OF INDONESIA’S POMEGRANATE PEEL ETHANOL EXTRACT (PUNICA GRANATUM LINN.) AS ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENT IN MICE COLON INDUCED BY DEXTRAN SODIUM SULFATE: FOCUS ON CYCLOOXYGENASE-2 AND INOS EXPRESSIONS
Authors: Kusmardi Kusmardi , Hermanto Dony , Estuningytas Ari , Tedjo Aryo , Priosoeryanto Bambang P
Published: December 2017

Objective: Inflammatory disease occurs in the mucosal of the colon, or ulcerative colitis (UC) is one of subtypes of inflammatory bowel disease. The numerous of drug side effects for treatment of colitis give rise to use medicinal herbs as alternative therapies. Pomegranate peel extract has been used for the treatment of pain and inflammatory conditions. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of pomegranate peel ethanol extract on mice colon through inflammation pathway which reduce inflammation score in mice model of chronic inflammation induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS).Methods: Thirty Swiss Webster mice divided randomly into 6 groups: Normal, aspirin 43 mg/kg/d (ASP), ellagic acid 26 mg/kg/d (ELG), DSS 2%b/v (DSS), pomegranate peel ethanol extract 240 mg/kg/d (DOSES-1), and 480 mg/kg/d (DOSES-2). All groups were given DSS 2% over 3 cycles except normal group (where each cycle in the DSS group consisted of 2% DSS in drinking water for 7 days, followed by a 7-day interval with normal drinking water). At the end of the experiment, colon samples were washed with water then buffered neutral formalin 10% fixed and paraffin embedded for histological analysis.Results: DOSES-1 and DOSES-2 were significantly reduced inflammation score in colon mice induced by DSS (p<0.05), mean score 2.01 and 2.02. Expression of cyclooxygenase (COX-2) was significantly decreased (p<0.05), mean score 27.48 and 17.77. Expression of iNOS was also significantly decreased (p<0.05), mean score 54.01 and 36.69. There were no significant differences between DOSES-1 and DOSES-2 groups with ASP and ELG group (p>0.05).Conclusion: Pomegranate peel ethanol extract has an anti-inflammatory agent by reduces inflammation score, inhibiting COX-2 and iNOS expression on mice colon by DSS induced. Furthermore, pomegranate peel ethanol extract has equivalent effectiveness with aspirin and pure ellagic acid.
IMMUNE PROTECTION OF SALVINIA MOLESTA D.S. MITCHELL IN FRESHWATER CRAB OZIOTELPHUSA SENEX SENEX BACTERIALLY CHALLENGED WITH AEROMONAS HYDROPHILA
Authors: Tg Nithya , J Jayanthi , Mg Ragunathan , D Devakumar
Published: December 2017

Objective: This is aimed to study the immune protection parameters of freshwater weed Salvinia molesta in bacterially challenged freshwater crab Oziotelphusa senex senex.Methods: In this present study, ethanolic extract of freshwater weed S. molesta was tested for its ability to induce immunity in bacterial challenged freshwater crab O. senex senex. Male and female crabs were challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila in relevant concentrations. The treated groups were allowed to withstand for 96 hrs. After relevant incubation time, the hemolymph of the treated crabs was subjected for various hematological, biochemical, and immunological assays.Results: Total hemocyte count increased on infection at 96 hrs, whereas significantly reduced on treatment with S. molesta at 96 hrs. All the three cell types of differential hemocytes showed significant positive changes on treatment. Levels of prophenoloxidase decreased significantly on infection and showed a significant increase in treated groups at 96 hrs of treatment.Conclusion: The present study elucidated the medicinal and pharmaceutical role of S. molesta weed which is been subjected to eradication in the recent days. Thus, the plant source can be utilized as an immunomodulatory agent and a better alternative to treat aquatic diseases.
IDENTIFICATION OF AMPC Β-LACTAMASE-PRODUCING CLINICAL ISOLATES OF ESCHERICHIA COLI
Authors: Gupta Tanushree Barua , Shariff Malini , Ss Thukral , Thukral S.s
Published: December 2017

Objective: Indiscriminate use of β-lactam antibiotics has resulted in the emergence of β-lactamase enzymes. AmpC β-lactamases, in particular, confer resistance to penicillin, first-, second-, and third-generation cephalosporins as well as monobactams and are responsible for antibiotic resistance in nosocomial pathogens. Therefore, this study was undertaken to screen nosocomial Escherichia coli isolates for the presence and characterization of AmpC β-lactamases. The study also envisaged on the detection of inducible AmpC β-lactamases and extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) in AmpC β-lactamase-producing E. coli.Methods: A total of 102 clinical isolates of E. coli, were subjected to cefoxitin screening, and screen-positive isolates were further subjected to inhibitor-based detection method, phenotypic confirmatory test, disc antagonism test, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and isoelectric focusing (IEF).Results: In this study, 33% of E. coli were resistant to cefoxitin, of which 35% were found to be positive for AmpC β-lactamase by inhibitor-based phenotypic test. Of the AmpC-positive isolates, 83% were positive for ESBLs, whereas 25% were producing inducible AmpC β-lactamases. PCR and IEF showed CIT and EBC types of AmpC β-lactamases present in the tested isolates.Conclusion: Our study showed the presence of inducible AmpC enzymes and ESBLs in E. coli isolates and PCR identified more isolates to be AmpC producers.
PREPARATION AND STABILITY ASSESSMENT OF PERILLA FRUTESCENS SEED OIL POWDER
Authors: Chaiyasut Chaiyavat , Sivamaruthi Bhagavathi Sundaram , Makhamrueang Netnapa , Kesika Periyanaina , Sirilun Sasithorn , Peerajan Sartjin
Published: December 2017

Objective: The present study deals with the preparation and stability assessment of Perilla frutescens seed oil powder (PSOP) by spray drying technique.Methods: Perilla oil emulsion was prepared with various combinations of emulsifiers and maltodextrin powder. The emulsion was dried in a spray dryer, and dried samples were packed and stored at 4, 25, and 40°C for 3 months. The changes in acid and peroxide value the fatty acid content of PSOP during storage were assessed. PSOP samples were subjected to scanning electron microscopic analysis to examine the size and shape of the particle.Results: About 9.52% of PSOP yield was obtained while 5% of whey protein was used as an emulsifier. The moisture content of the PSOP was 2.06 ± 0.23-3.08 ± 0.13%. The acid and peroxide values were increased from 1.49 ± 0.09 to 3.71 mg KOH/g of PSOP, 4.10-7.18 mEq/kg of PSOP, while stored in aluminum foil and kept at 40°C. About 39.97, 26.68, 24.78, and 7.47% of linolenic, oleic, linoleic, and palmitic acids were found in PSOP, respectively.Conclusion: The study revealed that spray-dried PSOP was stable when stored in the absence of light and air at low temperature. The spray-dried PSOP is the best candidate for pharmacological and food applications.
Future Medical Doctors Are Ready to Prescribe Antimicrobials Safely and Rationally
Authors: Haque Mainul
Published: December 2017

Therefore, the answer remains in improving clinical pharmacology teaching and learning in undergraduate curriculum [40, 41]with necessary assessment program regarding prescribing skill [40]need to incorporate with the hope situation will improve to provide better health care for common people of this planet.
ANALYSIS AND RESULTS: CONFIRMATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS THE MALAY VERSION OF DREEM INVENTORY WITH MEDICAL STUDENTS OF UNISZA, KUALA TERENGGANU, MALAYSIA
Authors: Haque Mainul , Yusoff Muhamad Saiful Bahri , Majumder Md. Anwarul Azim , Zulkifli Zainal , Mohd Nasir Farah Hanani Binti
Published: December 2017

Objectives: The DREEM inventory has been universally established as a generic instrument to assess health-related educational programs. There were some apprehensions regarding the psychometric properties of the DREEM raised in last few years. This study evaluated first ever the psychometric properties of the Bahasa Melayu version of the DREEM in a sample of Malaysian medical students.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried and universal sampling method was applied. Researchers selected 1-5th-year medical students of Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Malaysia, as study subjects. Researchers collected data through a guided self-administered questionnaire during a face-to-face session.Results: Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) showed that the one factor model of DREEM-M (Model A), consisting 50 items were not fit, indicating it was a multidimensional instrument. On further CFA, it appeared that the proposed five-factor structure was not fit (Model B) as all the goodness-of-fit indices did not signify a model fit.Conclusions: The study findings revealed that the DREEM inventory 50-item inventory failed to achieve a model fit, but it demonstrated a high of internal consistency. The proposed 19-item DREEM-M revealed good model fit.
FATORES ASSOCIADOS ÀS INFECÇÕES SEXUALMENTE TRANSMISSÍVEIS EM USUÁRIOS DE CENTRO DE TESTAGEM E ACONSELHAMENTO DA BAHIA
Authors: Ferraz Segundo Flávio Laranjeira , Davoglio Rosane Silvia , Sousa Luise Maria , Canário Djulian Diego Ribeiro do Carmo , Nascimento Ananda Ariane Januário do , Coelho Glória Maria Pinto
Published: December 2017

As Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis constituem importante determinante da carga de doenças na população, principalmente em países subdesenvolvidos e em desenvolvimento. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a prevalência e fatores associados a Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis em usuários de um Centro de Testagem e Aconselhamento da Bahia. Estudo analítico observacional transversal com 880 participantes, desenvolvido em 2011. Os dados foram coletados dos Formulários de Entrada do Sistema de Informações do Centro de Testagem e Aconselhamento, folha de descrição de atendimentos do usuário e prontuário clínico. Foram realizadas análises univariada e multivariada por Regressão de Poisson. Os resultados mostraram uma prevalência de Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis de 11,1%. O HIV foi o agravo mais prevalente (4,2%), seguido da sífilis (4%) e hepatites B (2,1%) e C (2,1%). O uso consistente de preservativo foi baixo, com parceiros fixos (9,5%) e não fixos (16,2%). Na análise ajustada, associaram-se estatisticamente ao desfecho: idade acima de 35 anos, escolaridade entre 8 e 11 anos, origem da clientela de serviços/profissionais de saúde e indicação de amigos/usuários, e preferência por relações homossexuais. Concluiu-se que foi elevada a prevalência de Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis em usuários do Centro de Testagem e Aconselhamento estudado, e associaram-se às variáveis sociodemográficas e comportamentais.

Palavras-chave: Infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. Doenças sexualmente transmissíveis. Sorodiagnóstico de HIV/Aids. Hepatite. Sífilis.
INFLUÊNCIA DAS DESIGUALDADES ECONÔMICAS E SANITÁRIAS NA INCIDÊNCIA DA DIARREIA INFANTIL EM MINAS GERAIS, 2010
Authors: André Sílvia Carla da Silva , Dos Santos Ana Paula Milla , Veiga Tatiane Bonametti , Magosso Takayanagui Angela Maria
Published: December 2017

O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a associação entre o tipo de disposição final dos resíduos sólidos urbanos e renda per capita com a incidência de internações por diarreia em crianças menores de cinco anos. O estudo epidemiológico, do tipo ecológico e descritivo, foi realizado com dados da Fundação Estadual do Meio Ambiente de Minas Gerais e do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde para 2010. Foram estudadas a incidência de internações por diarreia das regiões do Vale do Jequitinhonha e Triângulo Mineiro, do estado de Minas Gerais. Os dados foram analisados por ANOVA, teste de comparação múltipla de Tukey, cálculo do coeficiente de Pearson e risco relativo, por meio do software SigmaStat, versão 3.5. Os resultados indicaram que a incidência de internações por diarreia em menores de cinco anos foi maior em municípios da região do Vale do Jequitinhonha com disposição final dos resíduos em lixões e com menor renda per capita. Concluiu-se que é necessária a implementação de melhorias intersetoriais para reduzir a morbimortalidade infantil, em especial em regiões mais carentes.

Palavras-chave: Saúde pública. Saúde ambiental. Diarreia infantil. Eliminação de resíduos. Renda per capita.
Effect of exogenous leukemia inhibitory factor on reparative regeneration of the peripheral nerve in mice
Authors: Labunets I. , Demydchuk A. , Shamalo S. , Utko N. , Rodnichenko A. , Rymar S. , Chaikovsky Yu. , Butenko G.
Published: December 2017

The role of trophic and growth factors in the regeneration of the damaged peripheral nerve is known. The leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) exhibits properties not only of the polyfunctional cytokine, but also the neurotrophic factor. Regeneration of the peripheral nerve is impaired during oxidative stress in the area of injury.The purpose of the work was to investigate the effect of recombinant human LIF (rhLIF) on the efficacy of reparative regeneration of the sciatic nerve.Materials and methods. Adult male FVB/N mice were divided into the following groups: sham-operated; trauma (neurotomy) of the right sciatic nerve; nerve injury and subcutaneous injection of rhLIF at a dose of 1 μg per animal daily from the third day after the nerve injury. The study was conducted 4 weeks after the injury. At morphometry, the density of nerve fibers in distal nerve segments after impregnation with nitric oxide silver was evaluated. The motor function was evaluated in the “open field” test by the number of crossed squares, and in footprint test by the distance between the extreme toes of the right foot. In the area of muscle injury, the content of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase was estimated.Results. The total number of nerve fibers in the distal segment of the nerve of mice with trauma and injection of rhLIF is greater (p < 0.05) than in mice with only nerve injury and does not differ from sham-operated animals. Horizontal motor activity in mice with nerve injury is lower (p <0.05) than in sham-operated and cytokine injected mice. The distance between the extreme toes of the sham-operated mice is greater (p < 0.05) than in mice with nerve injury, as well as injuries and injections of rhLIF, but after the injection of cytokine, the rates are higher (p < 0.05) than in the group of mice without it. After the injury, the content of malondialdehyde and catalase activity increases in muscle tissue, while the activity of glutathione reductase decreases (p < 0.05). Under the influence of rhLIF, the parameters change to the values of sham-operated mice, and, in addition, the activity of the glutathione peroxidase is significantly increased.Conclusions. Injection of rhLIF to mice with a sciatic nerve injury promotes a more complete restoration of the structural organization of the damaged nerve and improves the motor function of the injured limb. At the same time, the balance between the factors of oxidative stress and antioxidant system is improved in the muscle tissue in the area of the nerve injury.
Esterification of stearic acid with lower monohydroxylic alcohols
Authors: Kastratovic Vlatko , Bigovic Miljan
Published: December 2017

Esters play a significant role in everyday life but also in the chemical industry. The aim of this study is to investigate the influence of different parameters on the process of esterification of higher monocarboxylic acids with lower monohydroxylic alcohols. We examined the influences of the following variables: the type and amount of the catalyst, the structure of alcohols and fatty acids, the acid/alcohol molar ratio, and the temperature of the esterification process. The descending order of reactivity found alcohols is: 1-butanol > 1-propanol > 2-methyl-1-propanol > ethanol > 2-butanol >2-propanol > 2-methyl-2-propanol. The results of this study show no significant effect of chain lengths of saturated fatty acids on the speed and yield of esterification. The presence of the double bond in unsaturated fatty acids reduces the acid to ester conversion. The highest yield (99%) was obtained in the reaction of stearic acid and 1-butanol with an acid/alcohol/catalyst (H2SO4) mole ratio 1/15/0.75 and at a temperature of 65?C.
Corrigendum by Simeon Oka, Editor-in-Chief of the Journal Thermal Science requested to replace .pdf file of the paper The effect of variable magnetic field on heat transfer and flow analysis of unsteady squeezing nanofluid flow between parallel plates using Galerkin method by Mohammad Rahimi-Gorji Oveis Pourmehran, Mofid Gorji-Bandpy and Davood Domiri Ganji, Published in the Journal Thermal Science, year 2017, vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 2057-2067; https://doi.org/10.2298/TSCI160524180R
Authors: Editorial E
Published: December 2017

Due to error of the Editorial staff, unrevised manuscript has been published
instead of the REVISED MANUSCRIPT sent by authors after peer review process. The corrected version of this article is printed in this issue on pages pp. 3063-3073

 Link to the corrected article 10.2298/TSCI160524180R
Anesthetic Considerations for Patients on Antidepressant Therapy—Part I
Authors: Saraghi Mana , Golden Leonard R. , Hersh Elliot V.
Published: December 2017

Millions of patients take antidepressant medications in the United States for the treatment of depression or anxiety disorders. Some antidepressants are prescribed off-label to treat problems such as chronic pain, low energy, and menstrual symptoms. Antidepressants are a broad and expansive group of medications, but the more common drug classes include tricyclic antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, and monoamine oxidase inhibitors. A miscellaneous or “atypical” category covers other agents. Some herbal supplements that claim to have antidepressant activity will also be discussed. In Part I of this review, antidepressant pharmacology, adverse effects, and drug interactions with adrenergic agonists will be discussed. In part II, drug interactions with sedation and general anesthetics will be reviewed. Bleeding effects and serotonin syndrome implications in anesthetic practice will also be highlighted.
DESCRIPTION OF DENTAL CARIES AND EFFECTS OF FOODS ON TOOTH DESTRUCTION IN SKULLS OF PAWON MAN
Authors: Ahmad Amalina , Aripin Dudi , Yondri Lutfi
Published: December 2017

The skeleton of Pawon Man’s that lived in Mesolitic era aged 5,660±170 BP - 9,500± 200 BP (Before Present) years before Christ (BC) has been used for forensic odontology research.  However, there has not been any research on dental caries of Pawon Man. The aim of this research was to describe the dental caries in skulls of Pawon Man. The type of the research was descriptive by using purposive sampling. The samples were from four Pawon Man skulls and their teeth. The research was conducted by using clinical examination. All aspects were recorded, collected and presented in tabular form. The result shows that 12.5% of the samples from 32 teeth of skulls of Pawon Man I, III, IV and V had experienced dental caries. Clinical examination shows presence of dental caries in samples of Pawon Man III of  permanent mandibular third molar tooth of region 4(48) in lingual area and buccal lesion of lower left third molar (38). In Pawon IV, lingual lesion of lower left permanent second molar (37) and in lower left permanent third molar (38). All lesions are only in enamel which is code 1 according to ICDAS code. In conclusion, the dental caries in skulls of Pawon Man was low due to their low sugar diets from fruits and sugar-rich plants (fructose sugars). Consumption of hard foods and evidence of presence of animal teeth and mollusks had contributed to the higher percentage of dental attrition compared to dental caries. Keywords: dental caries, clinical, pawon man
La Casa de la Misericordia de Palma antes y después de su reforma en 1799
Authors: García Pérez Francisco José
Published: December 2017

Este artículo persigue el estudio de una de las instituciones benéficas más importantes de Mallorca durante el siglo XVIII. Precisamente, aquí se analizarán la evolución de este hospicio y, especialmente, las importantes reformas que sufrió durante el año de 1799, en consonancia con las políticas ilustradas de Carlos III y sus ministros. Asimismo, este trabajo pretende reflexionar sobre el encierro de pobres en la Casa de Misericordia y las problemáticas siempre presentes en torno a esta cuestión.