bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Consumo alimentar segundo o recebimento de orientação nutricional em participantes do Programa Academia da Saúde
Authors: Silva Caroline Otoni da , Freitas Patrícia Pinheiro de , Santos Luana Caroline dos , Lopes Aline Cristine Souza
Published: November 2020

Objetivou-se investigar o consumo alimentar dos participantes do Programa Academia da Saúde, segundo a classificação NOVA, e sua relação com o relato de recebimento de orientação nutricional. Realizou-se estudo transversal utilizando dados da linha de base de ensaio comunitário desenvolvido em amostra representativa do PAS de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Foram entrevistados usuários com 20 anos ou mais (n = 3.331) frequentes no serviço. Investigaram-se dados sociodemográficos; de saúde; consumo alimentar, obtido pela média de dois Recordatórios Alimentares de 24 Horas; e antropometria. O recebimento de orientação nutricional foi autorrelatado. O consumo de alimentos foi classificado segundo a NOVA (alimentos in natura/minimamente processados; ingredientes culinários processados; processados e ultraprocessados) e estimado em calorias totais e percentual de energia. A maioria dos participantes era de mulheres (88,5%), com até 9 anos de estudo (63,8%), e com hipertensão arterial (53,4%) e excesso de peso (62,7%). A maior contribuição energética da dieta derivou dos alimentos in natura/minimamente processados (56,6%), seguidos dos ultraprocessados (27,7%). Verificou-se menor percentual de energia oriunda dos ingredientes culinários entre aqueles que relataram recebimento de orientação nutricional (5,2%; IC95%: 4,9-5,5 vs. 4,5%; IC95%: 4,3-4.7; p < 0,01), sem diferenças significativas para os demais grupos alimentares. Foi elevado o consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados, entretanto, o recebimento de orientação nutricional foi associado apenas ao menor consumo de ingredientes culinários, denotando a necessidade de expandir as ações de aconselhamento. Espera-se assim, contribuir para ampliar a prática de promoção da alimentação adequada e saudável no âmbito do Programa Academia da Saúde.
“Melhor idade”? Será mesmo? A velhice segundo idosas participantes de um grupo de atividade física
Authors: Pimentel Joamara de Oliveira , Loch Mathias Roberto
Published: November 2020

O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar percepções de idosas participantes de um grupo de práticas corporais/atividade física (PCAF) sobre a vida na velhice, sobre significados da aposentadoria e sobre o papel deste grupo nas suas vidas. Foi utilizada abordagem qualitativa, seguindo roteiro semiestruturado para entrevista com 12 idosas de um grupo de PCAF de uma Unidade Básica de Saúde em uma cidade do Paraná. Elementos da técnica de análise de conteúdo foram utilizados na análise dos dados. Observou-se que na percepção das entrevistadas, na categoria “A vida na ‘melhor idade” há uma ambiguidade de sentimentos e percepções: queda na qualidade de vida devido a doenças, solidão e falta de autonomia, mas os provimentos da aposentadoria permitiram autonomia financeira. Na categoria “Expectativas quanto à aposentadoria”, referiram que a realidade foi diferente do que imaginavam que seria, principalmente pela piora da condição física e clínica e pela necessidade de realizarem cuidados a outros membros da família. Na categoria “Mudanças percebidas na vida após a participação no grupo de PCAF”, relataram melhora do quadro clínico de saúde, redução de dores corporais, melhoras no sono além de pertencimento ao grupo e alegria no viver. Os achados deste estudo podem ser úteis para a compreensão mais aprofundada sobre os múltiplos significados da velhice, fugindo-se de concepções simplistas que buscam atribuir a esta fase da vida um sentido de “melhor” ou “pior” que outras fases da vida.
Promoção de atividade física na adolescência por meio de ações com agentes comunitários de saúde
Authors: Dopp Erik Vinicius de Orlando , Nascimento Wedson Guimarães , Nakamura Priscila Missaki
Published: November 2020

Objetivou-se apresentar a implementação e desenvolvimento de ações educativas com agentes comunitários para promoção de atividade física na adolescência na cidade de Rio Claro, São Paulo. A amostra foi composta por 26 agentes comunitários provenientes de 14 unidades de saúde que participaram das ações educativas em saúde, pautadas em um curso com 12 módulos com duração sendo: 1 de apresentação, 2 de discussão teórica, 8 de modalidades teórico/práticas e 1 de encerramento, pautados no Programa Geração Movimento. A avaliação foi composta de três momentos: diagnóstico através de questionário; imediatamente ao final da capacitação, por meio de relato e entrega do projeto de intervenção; e após 4 meses de finalizadas as ações, com questionário e grupo focal. Embora necessitem de ajustes e adequações necessárias perante as limitações encontradas no processo, as ações se mostraram como estratégia possível e de fácil realização, apresentando resultados positivos na promoção de atividades físicas em adolescentes.
Calf jackets: a review of science and practice
Authors: Robertson Jamie
Published: November 2020

In the ideal world in which we do not live, where all births are easy, all nutrition balanced, and environmental conditions clean and without thermal stress, calf jackets would never be needed. In reality, however, calves — particularly those born in the winter months in the UK — will likely fall below their thermoneutral zone, requiring a solution. While some added insulation for a cold period might have positive physiological responses, trial data on the value of calf jackets do not often show clear benefits, despite the confidence of some UK producers that they produce benefits for their farms. There are also concerns about the extent of effective hygiene routinely applied to jackets. This article presents and discusses literature related to calf jacket use, and suggests protocols for safe use.
PRRS: the most costly disease of pig production
Authors: Hancox Laura
Published: November 2020

Porcine reproductive respiratory syndrome virus replicates in monocytes, compromising the pig's immune system and making them vulnerable to other endemic diseases; this is the most economically impactful aspect of PRRS.
A Phase 2 Randomized Trial of DCL-101, a Novel Pill-Based Colonoscopy Prep, vs 4L Polyethylene Glycol-Electrolyte Solution
Authors: Bachwich Dale R. , Lewis James D. , Kowal Vera O. , Jacobson Brian C. , Calderwood Audrey H. , Kochman Michael L.
Published: November 2020

INTRODUCTION:

DCL-101, a novel Pill Prep, is compositionally identical to standard 4L polyethylene glycol-electrolyte solution (PEG-ELS) and delivers the salt encapsulated, with PEG 3350 coadministered as a taste-free oral solution. The aim of this study was to compare the safety, taste, and tolerability of DCL-101 with 4L PEG-ELS in outpatients preparing for colonoscopy, with a secondary objective to assess efficacy.

METHODS:

This was a multicenter, randomized, investigator-blinded, phase 2 clinical trial of 45 adult patients undergoing outpatient colonoscopy. Patients were randomized 2:1 to either DCL-101 (3L in cohort 1; 4L in cohort 2) or 4L PEG-ELS, each administered with split dosing. Safety was assessed over 3 post-treatment clinic visits. Tolerability was measured using the Lawrance Bowel-Preparation Tolerability Questionnaire and the Mayo Clinic Bowel Prep Tolerability Questionnaire. Efficacy was determined by expert central readers, blinded to treatment, using the Ottawa Bowel Preparation Quality Scale, Boston Bowel Preparation Scale, and Aronchick scale.

RESULTS:

Both DCL-101 doses had superior taste and tolerability relative to 4L PEG-ELS. All adverse events were grade 1 with no significant differences in adverse events among the 3 regimens. There were no significant differences in efficacy among the 3 treatments as defined by the centrally read Ottawa Bowel Preparation Quality Scale, Boston Bowel Preparation Scale, or Aronchick scores. There were no inadequate preps as judged by the site endoscopist.

DISCUSSION:

DCL-101 Pill Prep is a novel strategy that vastly improves the taste and tolerability of PEG-ELS solutions with safety and efficacy comparable with split-dose 4L PEG-ELS solutions.
Developing Athletic Motor Skill Competencies in Youth
Authors: Radnor John M. , Moeskops Sylvia , Morris Stephanie J. , Mathews Thomas A. , Kumar Nakul T. A. , Pullen Ben J. , Meyers Robert W. , Pedley Jason S. , Gould Zach I. , Oliver Jon L. , Lloyd Rhodri S.
Published: November 2020

Synergistic development of muscular strength and motor skill competency is central to long-term athletic development. However, these qualities need to be developed in a logical and progressive manner, and training methods need to be developmentally appropriate, engaging, and enjoyable for young athletes to help them build a positive association with strength and conditioning-based activities. This article aims to provide a resource for coaches to use when developing the athletic motor skill competencies in youth, including game-based activities, and a more structured resistance training curriculum.
Broadening Student Perceptions of Science through Participatory Data Collection & Research-Education Partnerships
Authors: Ragosta Summer , Potter Daniel , Bartosh Heath
Published: November 2020

We present results from the first year of a three-year extramurally funded project involving a partnership between an ethnically diverse urban high school and professional research botanists. The goals are to provide students exposure to real-world science, broaden interest in scientific fields of study, and increase floristic data and herbarium specimen collections in under-sampled areas of Solano County, California. A floristic survey was conducted in a 425-acre, open-space public park in Vacaville, California, that is actively grazed by cattle and characterized by grasses, forbs, and oaks. A total of 77 students were enrolled in the course associated with the partnership, and 47 participated in four visits to the collection site. Twenty-five unique plant specimens were collected, including 14 native and 11 introduced species. Results of a student perception survey suggest that the partnership has had a positive impact on students’ understanding of scientific methodology and interest in pursuing a science career. Perception survey results were disaggregated by ethnicity; Hispanic students, more than any other group, indicated that they feel more confident in scientific research and writing skills. There was no significant difference between male and female students’ responses.
The Credibility Game
Authors: Allchin Douglas
Published: November 2020

Science denial, misinformation, and science con-artists are on the rise. We are plagued by anti-vaxxers, climate change naysayers, and promoters of ineffective fad diets and medical cures. The scientifically literate citizen or consumer needs skills in differentiating good science and trustworthy sources from impostors. Here, I present a series of student-centered activities that help students inquire into the nature of credibility and the problems of expertise, mediated knowledge, and science communication. I open with a playful guessing game about “fantastic beasts” reported in the 16th century, then follow with more modern examples. I then describe a science version of “To Tell the Truth,” a reflective exercise on “Finding the Expert,” and then a student opportunity to explore deceptive strategies by trying to bluff their classmates with false news stories about science. These all develop basic concepts in science media literacy and prepare students for more serious investigation into a contemporary scientific controversy.
An Evolving Outbreak Simulation Using Active Learning
Authors: Rivard Rebecca S.
Published: November 2020

Despite the inclusion of a lab component in many STEM courses, college students often struggle to apply these skills in different situations. This outbreak simulation gives students a taste of some of the challenges associated with being in charge of an essential research project. Students will hone their grant writing, presentation skills, experimental design, data analysis, ability to prepare for failed experiments, and ability to understand the big picture of their research. Senior undergraduate biology students are split into small groups that represent distinct laboratories. Each laboratory receives the same starting information about an emerging pandemic. The laboratories must use their knowledge and innovation to design a series of experiments to identify the pathogen, and progress toward a treatment and/or a vaccine to limit the global spread of infection. My students unanimously felt that the outbreak simulation helped solidify their understanding of research and improved their engagement. One student reflected that “[the simulation] was very effective in furthering my limited knowledge on pandemics, the characteristics of disease spread, experimental design, writing grants, types of assays, and vaccine development. Despite studying science for so many years, experimental research is not something that had been well addressed.”
Stressed about Drought Stress
Authors: Kant Medelin , Angle Julie , Hammond William M. , Adams Henry D.
Published: November 2020

Climate change is causing widespread forest mortality due to intensified drought conditions. In light of a dynamically changing planet, understanding when forest die-off will occur is vital in predicting forest response to future climate trends. The Environmental Ecology Lab studies plant physiological response to drought stress to determine the lethal level of drought for pinyon pine. This drought research inspired this high school biology lesson, which addresses the NGSS Performance Expectation HS-LS4-6. Students engage in a climate change discussion regarding the devastation of California wildfires. Ongoing research in the lab is then introduced, leading students to design their own drought experiment using radish plants. Students determine an effective drought detector as a solution to mitigate human-induced climate change. Experimental data are statistically tested using R, to determine the effectiveness of drought detectors. To place their observations in a global context, students research the NASA Global Climate Change website to provide evidence to support their claim of human-induced climate change and relate this to a reduction in biodiversity. In a final presentation, groups share their most effective physiological measurement and propose potential applications of drought detection in mitigating adverse impacts of climate change.
Creating a Board of Curiosity
Authors: Basta Holly
Published: November 2020

The Board of Curiosity is an easy tool that allows students to ask anonymous questions and perform their own research. This tool was particularly effective in a group of adult learners, who commented that the board was a fun way to increase the breadth and depth of the course without derailing class time with tangents. Overall, this simple intervention helped foster a collaborative atmosphere of group accountability.
Reconsidering the Use of the Passive Voice in Scientific Writing
Authors: Inzunza Ernesto Ruelas
Published: November 2020

I briefly review the use of the passive and active voices in scientific writing and formulate an argument in favor of the active voice’s use. I provide fictitious examples of each narrative type and make a side-by-side comparison. Each style has advantages and disadvantages. Papers written in the active voice are concise and clear, although they are also considered colloquial and unsophisticated. Those written in the passive voice, in turn, are centered on the actions – rather than on the individuals – and are perceived as more objective but can also be ambiguous and pompous. I conclude this essay by noting that the active voice – with its greater economy, simplicity, and precision – is now pervasive in scientific writing, and I urge educators to greatly reduce teaching and enforcing the use of the passive voice.
Associations between human impacts and forest soil microbial communities
Authors: Chen Yongjian , Kuang Jialiang , Wang Pandeng , Shu Wensheng , Barberán Albert
Published: November 2020

We are living in a new epoch—the Anthropocene, in which human activity is reshaping global biodiversity at an unprecedented rate. Increasing efforts are being made toward a better understanding of the associations between human activity and the geographic patterns in plant and animal communities. However, similar efforts are rarely applied to microbial communities. Here, we collected 472 forest soil samples across eastern China, and the bacterial and fungal communities in those samples were determined by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene and internal transcribed spacer region, respectively. By compiling human impact variables as well as climate and soil variables, our goal was to elucidate the association between microbial richness and human activity when climate and soil variables are taken into account. We found that soil microbial richness was associated with human activity. Specifically, human population density was positively associated with the richness of bacteria, nitrifying bacteria and fungal plant pathogens, but it was negatively associated with the richness of cellulolytic bacteria and ectomycorrhizal fungi. Together, these results suggest that the associations between geographic variations of soil microbial richness and human activity still persist when climate and soil variables are taken into account and that these associations vary among different microbial taxonomic and functional groups.
Mercury in the Amazon
Authors: Guimaraes Jean R. D.
Published: November 2020

The aim of this text is to present a critical overview of Hg research in the Amazon along the last 30 years, discussing some of the lessons learned and the unique challenges that the complex Amazonian environment can place to researchers working on mercury. The description provided here is based on our long-term research with mercury in this tropical rainforest environment and may be particularly relevant for those initiating mercury studies in the tropics.
Stress factors resulting from the Arctic vernal sea-ice melt
Authors: Amiraux Rémi , Burot Christopher , Bonin Patricia , Massé Guillaume , Guasco Sophie , Babin Marcel , Vaultier Frédéric , Rontani Jean-François
Published: November 2020

During sea-ice melt in the Arctic, primary production by sympagic (sea-ice) algae can be exported efficiently to the seabed if sinking rates are rapid and activities of associated heterotrophic bacteria are limited. Salinity stress due to melting ice has been suggested to account for such low bacterial activity. We further tested this hypothesis by analyzing samples of sea ice and sinking particles collected from May 18 to June 29, 2016, in western Baffin Bay as part of the Green Edge project. We applied a method not previously used in polar regions—quantitative PCR coupled to the propidium monoazide DNA-binding method—to evaluate the viability of bacteria associated with sympagic and sinking algae. We also measured cis-trans isomerase activity, known to indicate rapid bacterial response to salinity stress in culture studies, as well as free fatty acids known to be produced by algae as bactericidal compounds. The viability of sympagic-associated bacteria was strong in May (only approximately 10% mortality of total bacteria) and weaker in June (average mortality of 43%; maximum of 75%), with instances of elevated mortality in sinking particle samples across the time series (up to 72%). Short-term stress reflected by cis-trans isomerase activity was observed only in samples of sinking particles collected early in the time series. Following snow melt, however, and saturating levels of photosynthetically active radiation in June, we observed enhanced ice-algal production of bactericidal compounds (free palmitoleic acid; up to 4.8 mg L–1). We thus suggest that protection of sinking sympagic material from bacterial degradation early in a melt season results from low bacterial activity due to salinity stress, while later in the season, algal production of bactericidal compounds induces bacterial mortality. A succession of bacterial stressors during Arctic ice melt helps to explain the efficient export of sea-ice algal material to the seabed.
Inovação no âmbito universitário, uma análise em instituição de educação superior. VIII Congreso Iberoamericano de Investigación sobre Gobernanza Universitaria
Authors: Margarete F. Marcon , Samara Headley
Published: November 2020

O tema “gestão da inovação em instituições de ensino superior” tem sido parte dos debates acadêmicos nos espaços universitários de uma forma ainda singela, mas, importante para os dias atuais. A gestão da inovação está intrinsecamente “ligada à capacidade das instituições em utilizarem e combinarem as várias fontes e tipos de informações e conhecimentos para desenvolverem competências específicas e capacidades inovadoras permanentemente” (SENHORAS, 2012, p.29).
A pilot study of mindfulness-based relapse prevention for compulsive sexual behaviour disorder
Authors: Holas Paweł , Draps Małgorzata , Kowalewska Ewelina , Lewczuk Karol , Gola Mateusz
Published: November 2020

Background and aims

Compulsive sexual behaviour disorder (CSBD) is a medical condition that can impair social and occupational functioning and lead to severe distress. To date, treatment effectiveness studies of CSBD are under-developed; typically, treatment for CSBD is based on guidelines for substance or other behavioural addictions. Mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) is an evidence-based treatment for substance addiction aimed at, among other things, reducing craving and negative affect—i.e. processes that are implicated in the maintenance of problematic sexual behaviours. However, to our knowledge no prior research has been published evaluating mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) in the treatment of CSBD, except two clinical case reports. Therefore, the aim of the current pilot study was to examine whether MBRP can lead to clinical improvement in CSBD. Methods: Participants were 13 adult males with a diagnosis of CSBD. Before and after the eight-week MBRP intervention, participants completed a booklet of questionnaires including measurements of porn viewing, masturbation and emotional distress. Results: As expected, we found that after MBRP participants spent significantly less time engaging in problematic pornography use and exhibited a decrease in anxiety, depression and obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms. Discussion and Conclusions: The findings indicate that MBRP could be beneficial for CSBD individuals. Further clinical effectiveness studies with bigger sample sizes, delayed post-training measurements and randomised control trial design are warranted. In conclusion, MBRP leads to a decrease in time spent watching porn and a decrease in emotional distress in CSBD patients.
Jacob’s Pharmacy
Authors: Blair Jacob D.
Published: November 2020

A pharmacist's identification with Jesus as healer using an applied text of scripture.
Reflecting on Human Rights in Global Health Contexts
Authors: Thomas Mathew Santhosh
Published: November 2020

This article recognizes that Human rights and biblical perspectives are a well-researched and reflected issue and after highlighting some current articles and biblical perspectives on Human rights, the author considers the various questions that challenges a practioner, in his or her work engagement. The article ends recognizing the need to move from the knowledge of "theology of rights" to "reflective practice" of rights.
Hostility to Hospitality: Spirituality and Professional Socialization within Medicine. Balboni MJ, Balboni TA. Oxford, 2019
Authors: Gijsbers Alan
Published: November 2020

book review with extended commentary
Primary Health Care Revisited: A Review of the October 2018 Contact Issue
Authors: Adu-Gyamfi Samuel , Verghese Roopa
Published: November 2020

This is a review and a synthesis with themes that encapsulate essential issues after the Alma-Ata Declaration. This review is to further reinvigorate the discussion on the question of the role of the church as an institution for current and future participant in global health.
From Central Africa to Egypt: A Surgeon’s Journey
Authors: Thompson David Carl
Published: November 2020

When medical professionals step out of one culture into another to serve in mission, the transition is far more complex and difficult than even those with wide international experience may realize, especially if it involves a change between widely divergent cultures, the need to learn a new language or work through a translator, and understanding a completely new worldview. Understanding how these issues affect medical practice requires a mixture of humility, curiousity, and perseverance, and can bring about successful transition and widen doors to successful ministry.
Church-led Partnerships with Interfaith Religious Leaders and Government for Raising Awareness on Leprosy in Sri Lanka
Authors: Pender James Samuel , Gomez Cletus Praveen , Perera Ranasinghe Arachchige Tuder Mahesh , Williams John Anthony , Roshan Ravindran
Published: November 2020

Sri Lanka is a leprosy endemic country with one of the highest incidences of the disease globally. Low levels of leprosy awareness were identified as one of the reasons for high prevalence. In order to address this low awareness, inter-faith communities were mobilized by trained church leaders to work together to increase leprosy awareness, reduce stigma, and support people affected by leprosy, building strong relationships across inter-religious divides in the process. The efforts were highly successful with over 30,000 people involved in leprosy awareness events. This indicates that faith communities can be an important partner for development agencies and governments; churches can make an impact in improving health outcomes, even where the members are a persecuted minority, as well as contribute to inter-communal peacebuilding efforts.
Humble Thyself: The Imitation of Christ in Medical Missions
Authors: Ellis Danielle
Published: November 2020

Missions have been a part of the Christian faith since its genesis. Various approaches to transmitting the faith through missions have been implemented over time, some with unforeseen and frankly negative, long-term political, social, and even theological consequences. In medical missions, specifically, the consequences include the potential of compromised individual and collective health. These vulnerabilities make it essential to consider the theoretical and practical approaches with which we, as Christians, engage with our neighbors.
Missiologists critically and theologically consider the motives, methods, and mandates of the Christian believer in the world. Efforts to reconfigure the role of missions from a past intertwined with imperialism to one that brings each party into partnership are ongoing. In medical missions, questions about how to assume a Christian posture are complicated, not only by the sociohistorical context of the missions movement but also by the fact that medicine in and of itself engenders imbalances in power.
This paper puts forth a proposal for a posture in medical missions as understood through the lens of Philippians. In the context of Paul’s mission to this group of early believers, the apostle repeatedly encourages his congregation to imitate Christ. In his letter to the Philippians, he lays out what Christ did and how his followers might hope to be like him. Paul describes Jesus’ wholly countercultural disposition and actions, giving his audience the opportunity to consider how this might inform their own lives. In so doing, he also provides a framework for understanding the ideal missionary. What follows is a Pauline construal of the call to imitation as a disciple, a discussion of how those engaging in medical missions might embody the same posture as the incarnate Christ, and a reflection on how a shift in posture might facilitate greater participation for both disciples and disciplers in God’s restoring work on earth.
The COVID-19 Pandemic: Defining the Clinical Syndrome and Describing an Empirical Response
Authors: Seshadri Mandalam S. , John T. Jacob
Published: November 2020

The novel corona virus infectious disease, COVID-19, is a pandemic now and is raging through several continents, posing a challenge to health-care systems of all the countries and disrupting lives and livelihoods across the world. The facilities for virus testing are available for only limited numbers in each country and each country excludes a large number of potentially infected subjects because the lab test is done for only certain categories. Nearly 80 % of those infected will, therefore, go undiagnosed. There is an urgent need, therefore, to define the clinical syndrome so that practitioners at the primary and secondary levels can make a confident, clinical diagnosis and proceed to manage patients early and effectively. Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, both antimalarials, have shown promise in limited trials in France and China. They are inexpensive, have been around for several decades in the prevention and treatment of malaria, have well-known side-effects and, in the short-term, safe for use. We propose that practitioners make a preliminary clinical diagnosis of the COVID-19 syndrome based on simple clinical criteria and lab tests and proceed to manage patients and protect other family members and contacts by using isolation measures and short regimens of these anti-malarial and other medications, anticipating results of more clinical trials.
COVID-19 and Containment: A Dual Burden for India
Authors: Grills Nathan John
Published: November 2020

Could ongoing COVID-19 ‘lockdowns’ in India risk more harm than the pandemic itself given a population already facing major poverty and health challenges?
Leadership in Pandemics
Authors: Thomas Mathew Santhosh
Published: November 2020

The former Executive Director or Emmanuel Hospital Association and current Training Coordinator and Regional Secretary (South Asia), International Christian Medical and Dental Association gives 12 leadership resposes to consider during this COVID-19 pandemic
The Real Hero and The Real Challenge in the COVID-19 Era
Authors: Landa Apolos B.
Published: November 2020

A challenge to see the global crisis as an opportunity to create and not disrupt community, care and mutual aid as a reflection of the character of a giving God.
Triage and resource allocation during crisis medical surge conditions (pandemics and mass casualty situations): A position statement of the Christian Medical and Dental Associations special task force
Authors: Hoehner Paul , Beyda David H. , Cheshire William P. , Cranston Robert E. , Dunlop John T. , Francis John E. , Mitchell C. Ben , Onarecker Cheyn , Riley D. Joy , Roberts, II Allen H. , Sullivan Dennis M. , Toevs Christine C. , Yates Ferdinand D. , Hook Christopher
Published: November 2020

The Christian Medical and Dental Associations (CMDA) was founded in 1931 and is made up of the Christian Medical Association (CMA) and the Christian Dental Association (CDA). CMDA has a current membership of over 19,000 physicians, dentists, and other allied health professionals. During and in direct response to the pressing urgencies of the COVID-19 universal pandemic of 2020 the President of CMDA commissioned a special task force to provide current and future Christian reflection and guidance on triage and resource allocation policies during pandemics and other forms of crisis surge medical conditions (e.g., mass casualty situations). This is a condensed version of the CMDA special task force position statement.
A review of faith-based holistic health models: Mapping similarities and differences
Authors: Dykstra Ruth , Paltzer Jason
Published: November 2020

This review identified and determined core aspects of holistic health models often used in faith-based global development to integrate the spiritual determinant of health into a multiple determinants framework. Understanding the similarities and differences of such models is essential when planning development opportunities. Seven holistic health models were identified for review. A similar feature among the models was the importance of the community’s worldview and health beliefs on discussing the spiritual aspects of health and behavior change. Community engagement and cultivating relationships were two common themes motivating the models. A primary difference among the models was the direction of engagement. Some models intentionally focus on individual-level relationships and move toward larger community-level impact while others start at the community-level and move toward individual-level engagement. Both approaches are helpful depending on the context, community readiness, and available local leadership. Based on the review, two diagrams or maps were created to help organizations determine which models or model components may be applicable to their situation.
A quantitative assessment of the need for offering counseling services to medical students at the University of Zambia School of Medicine
Authors: Slover Gretchen , Martinez Kelsie , Barnes Kathrin
Published: November 2020

Background: This research was birthed in 2017 during a trip to Lusaka, Zambia, with the purpose of offering fourth-year, medical students attending the University of Zambia, School of Medicine, lectures on psychology topics as part of their clinical studies. Students were also offered brief therapy sessions where they could process thoughts and feelings causing them internal struggles. The subject of offering counseling on a regular basis was randomly discussed with the students. From these discussions the need for this research became evident, with the intent of becoming the launching pad to brainstorm the most effective ways of developing a plan to offer counseling services for all medical students attending the University of Zambia School of Medicine.
Methods: An-experimental research design, consisting of completion of a 12-item questionnaire administered by paper and pen. The inclusion criteria were the fourth year, medical students attending the University of Zambia, School of Medicine.
Results: The student responses revealed that most of them had little to no experience with counseling services, but a strong desire for them.
Discussion: The goal of this study was to simply establish a need for an on-campus counseling service, the need of which has been established by the very students who would benefit. With the acceptance of this need, the future plan is to explore the different ways in which this need can be fulfilled with minimal costs to the Medical School Program.
Conclusion: This study is the first step towards identifying the needs of the medical students and sets the ground-work for further research into the specific areas of need and mental health challenges. More specificity in the area of demographics of students will produce a more comprehensive picture of the areas of concentration for the therapists offering services.
Setting Up Community Health and Development Programmes in Low- and Middle-Income Settings, 4th Edition, by Ted Lankester and Nathan Grills. Oxford University Press, May 2019
Authors: Manoth Sundeep , Carr Bethany
Published: November 2020

Universal health coverage is still out of reach for many people in the world and not surprisingly, it is those in rural areas made up of largely poor communities who are the most deprived. Setting Up Community Health and Development Programmes in Low and Middle-Income Settings is a practical tool to guide the process of starting, developing and maintaining a healthcare programme in these areas. Its purpose is to help stakeholders to empower communities to identify and solve their own problems so as to decrease inequality and inequity which remain serious issues in global health. This book also aims to assist academics, policy makers and planners to understand the realities of field-based development and progress.
The book has a wide range of contributors with expertise in different areas and they address two main audiences. The first is those working in the field: programme managers, and practitioners from government and civil society involved in setting up or developing community health and development programmes, rural and urban. This book is also written for global health and other health care students, academics, policy makers and planners who wish to anchor their work in field-based situations.
Frugal innovations that helped mission hospitals manage during the pandemic and further suggestions
Authors: Jesudian Gnanaraj , Gnanaraj Kevin , Islary Biju , Sumi Botoho , Mathew George
Published: November 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic with the suddenly announced lockdown in India caused great stress to already resource-constrained rural mission hospitals. Frugal innovations helped some of the mission hospitals cope with the lockdown and resume regular work. Personal Protective Equipment was made locally and staff were trained to take care of the infected patients. Cell phones and the zoom app helped them with communications. The Gas Insufflation Less Laparoscopic surgical technique helped them perform safe surgeries and allow quicker turnover of patients. The innovative Laptop Cystoscope helped in follow up treatment of patients treated earlier by specialists and for emergency treatment. Empowering local mission hospital doctors and modern communication methods helped these hospitals maintain services during the pandemic.
The experience of mission hospitals in southern Ethiopia in identifying and responding to infectious disease outbreaks
Authors: Lindtjørn Bernt , Henriksen Thor Henrik
Published: November 2020

Epidemics are often seen at mission health institutions. Such Christian institutions seek to practice holistic medicine, and the core priorities include dedicated clinical care combined with community responsibility. This paper describes some unusual, and some more common, epidemics that occurred at three mission hospitals in Southern Ethiopia during the last 60 to 70 years. The hospitals covered vast areas and large populations, mostly from poor subsistence farming communities. With great topographical and climatic variations, the catchment areas include multiple climate zones that cause substantial variations in ecology and vegetation, and thus, also in disease patterns. Our review is based on personal notes, hospital records, and previous scientific publications.
We observed epidemics such as cholera and other diarrheal diseases, relapsing fever, meningitis, gonococcal conjunctivitis, the emerging of HIV and Helicobacter infections, and parasitic infections, such as malaria and visceral leishmaniasis. Hospitals, ideally, should have collaborated with local and national health authorities to combat such events. Unfortunately, that was not always possible because of wars, political unrest, or lack of capacity. Sometimes these hospitals did not have sufficient laboratory infrastructure to diagnose infections such as arboviral diseases. More emphasis should have been placed on enabling hospitals to both diagnose and control epidemics.
Pandemic, pandemonium, and Psalm 91: In search of ultimate protection and deliverance
Authors: Fagunwa Ayokunle , Fagunwa Omololu Ebenezer
Published: November 2020

People used Psalm 91 during times of pandemic with the notion that its use will ultimately save them and their love ones. However, many get disappointed particularly when they lose their love ones despite using the Psalm. This had caused many to lose their faith in the word of God. But then, it is worthwhile for Christians to know that beyond the promise of deliverance as stated in Psalm 91, there is an everlasting protection promised by God. This is the ultimate deliverance that will ensure we escape the eternal separation that will come upon the world on the last day. This will count us worthy to reign forever with Christ in heaven where there is no sickness or diseases.
Health value added of healthcare entities
Authors: Ejsmont Wiktor , Łyko Janusz
Published: November 2020

The paper deals with an evaluation of the quality of services provided by healthcare organizations. First, an index representing a patient’s health condition is described, then its changes before and after being treated by a given entity are employed as a criterion to assess the operations of this entity. The index of a patient’s health condition is based on the theory of survival analysis, while a model of random effects is used to determine the quality of services based on health value added
Contrasting the Spread of Misinformation in Online Social Networks
Authors: Amoruso Marco , Anello Daniele , Auletta Vincenzo , Cerulli Raffaele , Ferraioli Diodato , Raiconi Andrea
Published: November 2020

Online social networks are nowadays one of the most effective and widespread tools used to share information. In addition to being employed by individuals for communicating with friends and acquaintances, and by brands for marketing and customer service purposes, they constitute a primary source of daily news for a significant number of users. Unfortunately, besides legit news, social networks also allow to effectively spread inaccurate or even entirely fabricated ones. Also due to sensationalist claims, misinformation can spread from the original sources to a large number of users in a very short time, with negative consequences that, in extreme cases, can even put at risk public safety or health.

In this work we discuss and propose methods to limit the spread of misinformation over online social networks. The issue is split in two separate sub-problems. We first aim to identify the most probable sources of the misinformation among the subset of users that have been reached by it. In the second step, assuming to know the misinformation sources, we want to locate a minimum number of monitors (that is, entities able to identify and block false information) in the network in order to prevent that the misinformation campaign reaches some “critical” nodes while maintaining low the number of nodes exposed to the infection.

For each of the two issues, we provide both heuristics and mixed integer programming formulations. To verify the quality and efficiency of our suggested solutions, we conduct experiments on several real-world networks. The results of this extensive experimental phase validate our heuristics as effective tools to contrast the spread of misinformation in online social networks.

Regarding the source identification step, our approach showed success rates above 80% in most of the considered settings, and above 60% in almost all of them.

With respect to the second issue, our heuristic proved to be able to obtain solutions that exceeded (in terms of number of required monitors) the ones obtained through our MILP-based approach of more than 20% in only few test scenarios. Our heuristics for both problems also proved to outperform significantly some previously proposed algorithms.
Coral tissue and skeleton Trizol RNA extraction v1
Authors: A Moynihan Molly
Published: November 2020

This protocol was modified from the TRIzol protocol provided by Invitrogen. https://assets.thermofisher.com/TFS-Assets/LSG/manuals/trizol_reagent.pdf
stLFR library construction v1
Authors: Li Chunhua , Yang Xianwei , Shao Libin , Zhang Rui , not provided QunLiu , Zhang Mengqi , Liu Shanshan , Pan Shanshan , Xue Weizhen , Wang Congyan , Mao Chunyan , Zhang He , Fan Guangyi
Published: November 2020

This protocol is used to clarity the process of stLFR library preparation for Bicolor Angelfish (Centropyge bicolor) genome.
JOng Yeast gDNA v1
Authors: Ong Joseph
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this protocol is to describe how to purify genomic (or chromosomal) DNA from yeast. Here, we use Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain DBY10148, though this protocol should apply to other yeast strains. This protocol is adapted from many other protocols (for example, see "Molecular genetic analysis of fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe" by Sergio Moreno, Amar Klar, and Paul Nurse in Methods in Enzymology Volume 194, 1991, Pages 795-823, section: Preparing Schizosaccharomyces pombe Chromosomal DNA) but we made enough changes to those protocols that made it necessary to publish our own. We used the downstream DNA for whole genome sequencing with Illumina technology, but we anticipate the genomic DNA isolated in this manner can be used for other applications. This protocol uses Zymolyase to digest the yeast cell wall, SDS to lyse the cells, potassium acetate to precipitate proteins, and purifies the resulting genomic DNA via alcohol precipitations and RNase A digestion.
SOLUTION- 02 - Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) v1
Authors: Cosentino Marco , Storelli Elisa , Luini Alessandra , LM Legnaro Massimiliano , Rasini Emanuela , Ferrari Marco , Marino Franca
Published: November 2020

This recepe is used in the following protocols: - Separation and purification of human PBMC from FRESH BLOOD - Separation and purification of human PBMC from BUFFY COAT - Magnetic bead-based CD4+ T cell isolation from PBMCs with Dynabeads: CD4 Positive Isolation Kit - Magnetic bead-based TREG-TEFF cell isolation from PBMC with Miltenyi CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T cell Isolation Kit - Staining of human PBMC or ISOLATED SUBSETS with Cell Proliferation Dye-eFluor™ 670 (CPD-eFluor670) for cell proliferation evaluation by Flow Cytometry
PBMC- 02 - CD4+ T cell Isolation from PBMC with “Dynabeads CD4 Positive Isolation Kit” v2
Authors: Cosentino Marco , Storelli Elisa , Luini Alessandra , LM Legnaro Massimiliano , Rasini Emanuela , Ferrari Marco , Marino Franca
Published: November 2020

List of published works using this protocol: - Kustrimovic N., Comi C., Magistrelli L., Rasini E., Legnaro M., Bombelli R., Aleksic I., Blandini F., Minafra B., Riboldazzi G., Struchio A., Mauri M., Bono G., Marino F., Cosentino M. Parkinson’s disease patients have a complex phenotypic and functional Th1 bias: cross-sectional studies of CD4+ Th1/Th2/T17 and Treg in drug-naïve and drug-treated patients (2018). Journal of neuroinflammation, 15(1), 205. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12974-018-1248-8 - Kustrimovic, N., Rasini, E., Legnaro, M., Bombelli, R., Aleksic, I., Blandini, F., Comi, C., Mauri, M., Minafra, B., Riboldazzi, G., Sanchez-Guajardo, V., Marino, F., & Cosentino, M. (2016). Dopaminergic Receptors on CD4+ T Naive and Memory Lymphocytes Correlate with Motor Impairment in Patients with Parkinson's Disease. Scientific reports, 6, 33738. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep33738 - Cosentino M., Ferrari M., Kustrimovic N., Rasini E., Marino F. (2015). Influence of dopamine receptor gene polymorphisms on circulating T lymphocytes: A pilot study in healthy subjects. Human immunology, 76, 10, 747-752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humimm.2015.09.032