bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Large inter-individual variability in force-velocity profile changes in response to acute high-load resistance training
Authors: Pálinkás Gergely , Béres Bettina , Utczás Katinka , Tróznai Zsófia , Petridis Leonidas
Published: May 2024

Background

While the acute effects of high-load resistance training on the force generating capacity of muscles have been widely examined, limited data exist on the relationship with the force-velocity profile (FV). Evidence suggests high sensitivity of the vertical FV profile to monitor changes in the muscle's mechanical properties according to the type of the exercise protocol. However, the interpretation of the findings seems not as straightforward. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a high-load resistance training protocol on the muscle's mechanical properties during loaded jumps and on the vertical force-velocity profile (FV) in relation to maximal strength.

Methods

29 resistance-trained male (mean age±SD: 35.4 ± 7.8 years) and 29 female athletes (mean age±SD: 32.5 ± 7.0 years) participated in the study. Five-repetition maximum (5RM) in back squat, unloaded countermovement jump (CMJ) and FV profile were assessed. Loaded jumps were performed against 25, 50, 75, and 100 percent of body mass. Participants performed exercise protocols corresponding to their 5RM. Immediately after, unloaded CMJ and FV profile measurements were repeated.

Results

A significant decrease in CMJ height (∼5–6%) and in average power (∼4%) was recorded for both men and women. The FV profile did not change after the exercise protocol; however, there was a significant decrease in theoretical maximal power (from 4 to 5%) and in theoretical maximal velocity (∼3%). Maximal strength was not associated with the changes in FV profile.

Conclusions

Findings suggest that an acute high-load exercise decreased vertical jump performance and maximal power output, but without a concomitant change in FV profile. The large interindividual variability in FV measures indicates a less straightforward connection of the applied exercise with the acute response in the FV profile, highlighting the complexity of the FV profile to monitor changes in response to an acute training load.
Study of digital twins as the driving force of digital transformation and achieving the goals of sustainable development
Authors: Yakovenko Yaroslava , Shaptala Roman
Published: May 2024

The object of research is the use of Digital Twin (DT) technology in the manufacturing sector and its impact on sustainability. The scientific problem addressed is the identification and quantification of the potential advantages and challenges associated with the adoption of DTs at operational, tactical, and strategic levels, particularly in the context of sustainable development. The paper investigates how DTs can redefine the measurement of sustainable development and diversify implementation within manufacturing infrastructure. The study concludes that DTs are a sophisticated technology that enables manufacturers to create precise virtual replicas of physical products or processes. This helps in optimizing resource utilization, reducing energy consumption, and minimizing waste, thereby promoting sustainability.
Main DT clusters and common uses highlighted by the authors demonstrate huge impact on energy efficiency, waste management, sustainable design, logistics emissions reduction, water conservation, and stakeholder engagement. It is proved that DTs simulate and analyze complex systems, enabling the evaluation and improvement of sustainability levels. The paper presents promising practical examples of DT’s use, such as optimizing warehouse management in Ukraine, automating robots for increased efficiency, and aiding in the post-war reconstruction of cities with a focus on environmental friendliness and accessible infrastructure.
The research specifically focuses on the top five tech giants and their use of DTs to drive sustainability. Additionally, the findings project substantial market growth potential for DTs in multiple sectors, emphasizing the urgent need for industries to integrate DTs into their sustainability strategies.
Analysis of the energy efficiency of a system with a hybrid solar collector and thermal energy storage
Authors: Mysak Stepan , Shapoval Stepan
Published: May 2024

The object of research is heat transfer in a hybrid thermal photovoltaic solar collector.
International agreements and strategies aimed at combating climate change and reducing greenhouse gas emissions strongly call for the active implementation of renewable energy sources on a global scale. A special emphasis is placed on the development of solar energy, which has significant growth potential due to the constant improvement of technologies and cost reduction of production. With this in mind, the authors focused on the development and analysis of a computer model of an innovative hybrid system that effectively combines a solar collector for the simultaneous production of both thermal and electrical energy.
The research included a detailed study of the temperature changes of the heat carrier in the hybrid photovoltaic solar collector and thermal accumulator during the period of solar irradiation. Thanks to careful monitoring, the main patterns of gradual temperature increase in both key components of the hybrid system were established. In addition, an assessment of the dynamics of changes in the instantaneous thermal power of the solar collector under the influence of various factors, such as the intensity of solar radiation, the angle of inclination of the collector, wind speed, etc., was carried out.
The results of computer modeling showed the average indicator of the efficiency of the entire hybrid system, as well as its variations during a certain time of operation. In addition, the change in the instantaneous specific heat capacity and the overall efficiency of heat energy generation by the hybrid photovoltaic solar collector were analyzed. Special attention was paid to the study of the dynamics of changes in the thermal efficiency of the entire system, as well as its ability to efficiently store thermal energy in a specialized battery.
The comprehensive analysis made it possible to obtain the key thermophysical parameters of the developed hybrid system with a photovoltaic solar collector. This data is extremely important, as it will allow engineers and scientists to accurately calculate the potential performance and efficiency of such a system when it is put into practical use in the future. In general, the results of the study emphasize the promising development of hybrid solar collectors as one of the leading technologies in the field of renewable energy in the context of global challenges of climate change.
Consideration of the issue of regulating low-frequency vibrations of the drill string when drilling with a downhole motor
Authors: Svitlytskyi Viktor , Iagodovskyi Sergii , Sahala Tetiana
Published: May 2024

The object of research is the dynamic processes that occur in the drill string during the deepening of the hole in deep wells. The work is aimed at solving the problem for an idealized system in the form of rod systems while preserving its main oscillatory properties.
The nature of oscillatory processes that occur in the drill string during drilling with downhole motors is considered, in some cases it turns out to be very complicated. In the general case, the dynamic process changes according to an aperiodic law, which is superimposed by processes of an oscillating nature with an increasing (damping) nature of the amplitudes of different frequencies.
The influence of the torque characteristics of the downhole motor and bit on the development of oscillatory processes in the drill string during well drilling has been theoretically determined.
The results of theoretical and experimental studies of oscillatory processes and their interaction with the use of proposed models of hole deepening in the future make it possible to create a simulation model. This model would include taking into account the mode parameters of drilling, the mechanical properties of the rocks to be drilled and the layout of the drill string bottom (DSB).
The obtained research results can be applied in practice in the process of designing the structure of the drill string bottom (DSB) with the use of downhole motors, in particular, screw motors, the use of which leads to energy stress, the complication of work processes and structural schemes. As a result, the nature of vibrations changes and the vibration loads on parts of the downhole motor, bits and elements of the drill string are reduced.
In the future, it is necessary to take into account the hydrodynamics and the type, as well as the design and parameters of the applied downhole elements for the development of their dynamic models.
Optimization of coagulation wastewater treatment of leather industry
Authors: Sanginova Olga , Tolstopalova Nataliia , Obushenko Tetiana , Danylkovych Anatolii
Published: May 2024

The object of the study was the process of coagulation treatment of wastewater of leather industry enterprises. The treatment of samples of real wastewater from a leather production was investigated. Such wastewater is characterized by high concentrations of pollutants of varying degrees of dispersion, which is due to the use of a large number of various chemicals in the leather production process. During technological operations related to the skinning and processing of skins, these substances enter the wastewater, which is discharged into the sewer. A peculiarity of leather production wastewater is large fluctuations in composition and volume, high concentrations of pollutants, and an increased content of suspended solids. Such waters have certain toxicity. The existing methods of wastewater treatment of leather industry enterprises do not provide the necessary treatment efficiency, do not allow to create a closed circulation of water at enterprises, to use or regenerate valuable components of wastewater, and to ensure their economically feasible disposal. Therefore, the research is aimed at improving the process of coagulation wastewater treatment of leather factories using mathematical modeling and optimization methods. This will make it possible to modernize existing wastewater treatment schemes. The experiments were carried out on the Niva Jar-test laboratory unit, which allows simultaneous examination of 6 samples. Samples of wastewater from leather production after the fattening-filling and dyeing stages were studied. The effectiveness of the coagulation process was determined by the degree of wastewater treatment. The factors were analyzed and the intervals of variation of factors that have a significant impact on the process of coagulation treatment of wastewater from leather factories were established. An experiment plan was drawn up and implemented in order to study the effect of coagulants based on aluminum and ferrum, as well as flocculants on the quality of wastewater treatment. The choice of quality indicators of the coagulation process is substantiated. A statistical analysis of the results of experimental studies was performed, a correlational analysis of the interdependence of parameters and indicators of the quality of the coagulation process was performed. Aluminum-based coagulant has been found to be more effective than iron-based coagulant. The results of mathematical modeling were used to determine the optimal parameters of the coagulation process: pH 10, coagulant dose – 2.5 g/dm3, flocculant dose – 100 mg/dm3.
Analysis of the efficiency of the application of natural coagulants
Authors: Trokhymenko Ganna , Chestnykh Yuliia
Published: May 2024

The object of the study is the process of purifying natural waters using coagulants of natural and industrial origin. The subject of the study is the analysis of the effectiveness of coagulants of natural and industrial origin.
Today, there is great interest in finding alternative methods of water purification that would be more economical and environmentally friendly. The availability of clean and safe water is especially important during times of martial law. Coagulants of natural origin can be an affordable and effective means of water purification and disinfection. One of the important advantages is availability, which indicates the possibility of becoming an alternative to chemical coagulants. Thus, there is a need to study the possibility of using natural coagulants both on an industrial scale and in emergency conditions.
This study presents a characterization of existing coagulants of natural origin, an analysis of the effectiveness of their use, comparison with chemical analogues, as well as an analysis of the effectiveness of using Moringa oleifera as a natural coagulant.
During the work, two coagulants were synthesized from red mud from aluminium production. A comparative analysis of coagulants synthesized from red mud, Moringa oleifera, aquatone and aluminium sulphate was carried out. All reagents were used to remove turbidity and other impurities. The studies were carried out 3 times in different seasons of the year. All results were compared to determine the most effective coagulant and its dose.
As a result, it was found that all of these coagulants can be used and reduce water treatment costs at local water treatment plants. The natural coagulant can be used in areas where there is no access to a central water supply, especially in war zones.
The impact of digital platforms on traditional market structures
Authors: Oluka Alexander
Published: May 2024

The object of the research is the transformative impact of digital platforms on traditional market structures. Qualitative research is used to gain a deep understanding of how traditional market structures are impacted by digital platforms. Interviews with eight participants highlight the shift towards gig and freelance work, the erosion of traditional employment protections, and the emergence of new business models facilitated by technological advancements. The study adopted thematic analysis to analyze the collected data.
The study reveals that digital platforms have significantly lowered barriers to market entry and fostered economic inclusion. As a result, the initial costs of starting a business have significantly decreased. However, they have also introduced complexities surrounding labor rights and necessitated a re-evaluation of regulatory frameworks to address monopolistic practices and ensure fair competition. This is due to the lack of labor regulations protection for freelance workers compared to traditional employment. The study stresses the need for agile, forward-looking, and internationally coordinated regulatory approaches to effectively govern digital platforms, balancing innovation with the protection of consumer and worker rights. Such an approach should aim to address the current challenges but also anticipate future developments by ensuring that regulations evolve in tandem with technological advancements without stifling innovation. Furthermore, fostering technological literacy among lawmakers, adopting adaptive regulatory frameworks, and ensuring the inclusion of diverse perspectives are crucial steps towards achieving effective governance of digital technologies.
The findings contribute to the ongoing dialogue on digital governance, offering insights for policymakers, regulators, and stakeholders in crafting regulations that harness the benefits of digital platforms while mitigating their negative impacts on society.
A expansão do mercado da Cannabis medicinal no Brasil e as lacunas regulatórias
Authors: Santos-Pinto Cláudia Du Bocage , Esher Ângela , Oliveira Cátia Verônica dos Santos , Osorio-de-Castro Claudia Garcia Serpa
Published: May 2024

Os gastos com fornecimento público de produtos contendo Cannabis no Brasil é crescente e atualmente atinge mais de R$ 150 milhões. O crescente interesse por esses produtos é resultado da atuação de diversas indústrias no Brasil, que possuem autorização sanitária para fabricação e comercialização, e de importadores, que viabilizam a entrada de mais de 500 produtos atualmente autorizados para importação, originários de diversos países. O cenário atual é de demanda crescente e regulação insuficiente, complementado pela baixa qualidade de evidências para possíveis indicações. As lacunas normativas abrem caminhos para um mercado nem sempre alinhado aos interesses sanitários. O resultado é o aumento progressivo do número de empresas buscando atuar nesse nicho, que se mostra lucrativo e permeável. A Anvisa criou alternativas para permitir que os produtos contendo Cannabis, que não são medicamentos e, portanto, que não foram avaliados quanto a eficácia, segurança ou qualidade, sejam acessados por pacientes, o que torna grave o fornecimento, pelo SUS, pois os produtos não atendem ou não se adequam aos requisitos sanitários previstos na legislação. Espera-se que a Anvisa se posicione mais assertivamente no que tange à regulação da Cannabis, tanto em relação aos usos indicados, de acordo com evidências disponíveis, como em relação à disponibilidade de produtos autorizados para importação e comercialização no país.
DESIGN, EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES, AND CFD INVESTIGATIONS OF BIO-INSPIRED SLOTTED REAR DIFFUSER ATTACHMENT ON CAR MODEL FOR ENHANCING AERODYNAMIC PERFORMANCE
Authors: Selvaraju P. N. , Raja Sekar K. , Madasamy Senthil Kumar , Arputharaj Beena Stanislaus , Rajendran Parvathy , Raja Vijayanandh
Published: May 2024

The performance enhancement of vehicle design is still a challenging phenomenon for technologists. A suitable pathway
for performance enrichment is naturally available in living species. One adaptable design solution arrived through the
penguin microbubble concept, which was used to reduce drag. The present work attempts to design rear-slotted diffuser
attachments on car models to reduce drag force through the diversion of air. The drag reduction enhances the vehicle’s
aerodynamic performance and reduces lift force to increase stability. Normally, high-speed vehicle performance and
stability are determined by aerodynamic forces exerted on the body surface. The higher level of drag and lift forces leads to more fuel utilization and, in the case of electric vehicles, more power consumption. The drag force on the vehicle is mainly due to the formation of the wake region behind the body in the downstream region. The above forces are reduced using a rearward-slotted diffuser at the rear end underneath the vehicle. The aerodynamic performance of the vehicle models was estimated through wind tunnel experiments and numerical simulation for various wind speeds. The experimental work was conducted on selected car models with and without rearward slotted diffusers to compare the forces and performances of vehicle models. Interestingly, increased pressure was observed downstream of the vehicle while providing a slotted diffuser, consequently diminishing the wake area behind the vehicle. The drag and lift coefficient reduction were attained as 4.74% and 11.02% at 50 m/s (180 km/hr) on the chosen vehicle model. Also, a significant reduction in fuel consumption was calculated at higher speeds while attaching a slotted diffuser at the rear end of the car.
A NOVEL INTRUSION DETECTION MECHANISM IN CLOUD COMPUTING ENVIRONMENTS BASED ON ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK AND GENETIC ALGORITHM
Authors: Ge Ziheng , Jiang Guiyan
Published: May 2024

People all over the world can access utility-oriented information technology services thanks to cloud computing. Commercial, academic, and consumer domain applications are hosted using a pay-as-yougo model. Since the data saved in the cloud is available to a large number of users, it is more vulnerable to cyberattacks. Additionally, since users are not always apprised of the security policies of the cloud provider, their data can be at risk of being exposed. Furthermore, the risk of system failure is higher
since cloud computing is hosted on a shared infrastructure. Intrusion detection systems (IDSs) are essential in protecting data in the cloud, since they can detect any suspicious activity and immediately alert users. In this article, we suggest a new IDS model based on a multilayer perceptron (MLP) network combined with a genetic algorithm (GA). The MLP network utilizes the GA to optimize the
weights and biases associated with linkage. This enables it to accurately identify both normal and abnormal network traffic packets. The proposed method was verified utilizing the KDD Cup dataset in the MATLAB simulator. The results demonstrated its superiority regarding the specificity, sensitivity, and accuracy evaluation criteria. Comparing the proposed method with other methods revealed that
it was significantly more accurate than other methods. Additionally, the proposed method was able to detect both normal and abnormal network traffic packets with high specificity and sensitivity.
The Impact of Exhibition Service Quality Dimensions on Emotions and Behavioral Intentions
Authors:   The Korea International Trade Research Institute, Kim Kyoung-Eun , Cho Seong-Do , Yoo Seul-Gi
Published: May 2024

Purpose - This study aims to analyze the impact of exhibition service quality (interaction, physical environment, outcomes) on the customer emotions and future behavioral intentions of participating companies in order to derive marketing implications. While previous research primarily focused on the perspective of exhibition attendees, this study emphasizes the importance of qualitative growth in MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conferences, Exhibitions) services through a differentiated marketing strategy targeting participating companies. Specifically, it highlights the significance of the interaction with employees and the quality of outcomes obtained through exhibition participation in shaping customer emotions.
Design/Methodology/Approach - This survey was collected from 281 participating companies in this study, and analysis was conducted based on the final 253 participating companies, excluding 28 participating companies that responded insincerely or did not respond. After coding the collected data, a structural equation model was analyzed using SPSS 27 and AMOS 22 programs.
Findings - The results manifested in specific participation outcomes were found to influence consumer perceptual evaluations. Notably, by comparing the impact of regret, disappointment, and positive satisfaction on negative consumer behavior, attention is drawn to service quality factors influencing customer emotions.
Research Implications - Through this, the study seeks to identify the key service quality elements and outcomes of customer emotions, prompting a discussion on the necessity of managing direct expressions of dissatisfaction, complaints, and negative word-of-mouth resulting from negative behavioral intentions.
Sebastiani, Alessandro. 2023. Ancient Rome and the Modern Italian State. Ideological Placemaking, Archaeology, and Architecture, 1870–1945. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 978-1-0093-5410-3 hardback £85.
Authors: Munzi Massimiliano
Published: May 2024

This is a review of Ancient Rome and the Modern Italian State. Ideological Placemaking, Archaeology, and Architecture, 1870–1945 by Alessandro Sebastiani, published in 2023 by Cambridge University Press.
Abundance and Dispersion Indices of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Tomato Plant in Nigeria
Authors: Sule Hassan , Abdullahi Gambo , Yerima Halima Abubakar
Published: May 2024

Helicoverpa armigera is among the major insect pests that pose a threat to tomato production in Nigeria with an insufficient understanding of its population parameters, and available environmentally friendly control materials which are essential for the development of reliable and sustainable management strategies that can minimize the frequent use of synthetic pesticides; which are hazardous to the environment, non-target organism, and humans. The present study was conducted with the objectives of establishing population abundance and dispersion of H. armigera. Surveys were conducted in the savannah agroecological zone of Nigeria through fortnightly field visits to tomato farms from July to September 2019 (rainy season), and month of December 2019 to March 2020 (dry season), making a total of seven (7) and Nine (9) visits respectively. Ten plants were randomly selected and tagged from each farm, for observation of the presence of H. armigera larvae on the upper and lower parts early in the morning (6:00-7:30 am) on all sampling. Numbers found on each plant were counted and recorded with dates. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and the least significant difference (LSD) at 0.05% level of probability was used to separate significant means. Data were further used in calculating the various dispersion indices. The result indicates that H. armigera was higher at 8 weeks after planting and aggregated on the upper part of the plant with a higher population in the dry season. Abundance and dispersion indices of H. armigera on tomato plants reported in this study will provide for appropriate decision-making in designing eco-friendly management of the pest.
Edward Gibbon ve Pavlikanlık: Kilise Tarihyazımında Bir Kırılma
Authors: Kalıntürk Ömer Faruk
Published: May 2024

Kilise tarihinin en az göze çarpan hareketlerinden biri olan Pavlikanlar hakkında Aydınlanma Dönemine kadar hâkim olan kanaat, onların Maniheizm'in yeniden dirilişi olduğu yönündeydi. Ancak Aydınlanma ile birlikte Kilise'ye yöneltilen eleştiriler bağlamında bu geleneksel tasvire alternatif bir tarih yazımı geliştirildi. İngiltere'nin yetiştirdiği en büyük tarihçilerden biri olan Edward Gibbon meşhur tarihinde Pavlikanlara şaşırtıcı bir şekilde ayrı bir bölüm tahsis etmesiyle Protestan tarihyazımı üzerinde belirleyici bir etkiye sahip oldu. Gibbon Pavlikanları, Elçilerin İşleri'nde anlatılan ilk Hıristiyanların son tanıkları ve bu sebeple de Katolik ve Ortodoks Kiliselerinin ruhani zulmünün kurbanları olarak tasvir etmiştir. Bu konudaki kanaatleri, Pavlikanlara isnat edilen, yerleşik Kilisenin, ruhban sınıfının ve onların çevresinde gelişen sakramentlerin reddedilmesi, Kutsal Kitap karşısında daha serbest bir tutum takınmaları, ikonaları reddetmeleri, haça, azizlere ve kutsal emanetlere hürmet etmemeleri gibi Bizans tarihçilerinin ithamlarına dayanmaktadır. Bu iddiaların Protestanlık ile olan yakınlığı nedeniyle Gibbon, kendisinden sonra büyük bir infiale neden olan, on altıncı yüzyılda Avrupa'da meydana gelmiş olan Reformasyon'un tarihsel, teolojik ve coğrafi olarak da geriye doğru takip edilebilecek ilk atalarının Pavlikanlar olduğunu ileri sürmüştür.
Lymph node dissection before initial treatment for locally advanced cervical cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Zhang He , Ao Miao , Wu You , Mao Wei , Luo Haixia , Wang Kunyu , Li Bin
Published: May 2024

The effectiveness of removing lymph nodes before initial treatment in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer is still debated. This article presents a meta-analysis that systematically evaluates the impact of this approach on oncological outcomes. A systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, Science Direct, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (up to December 2023) was performed to obtain relevant studies. The findings were combined using fixed-effects models to address potential differences. Combined risk ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Egger's test was used to assess publication bias. Out of 1025 screened articles, four studies (involving 838 women) met the inclusion criteria. The results showed that lymph node dissection before initial treatment did not affect overall survival (OS) in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer compared to concurrent radiotherapy (HR = 1.11, 95% CI = 0.91-1.36, P = 0.30). It also did not increase the incidence of postoperative complications or cause delays in radiotherapy. In particular, removing larger lymph nodes (>2cm) aided in defining the radiation field and decreasing radiotherapy-related complications. The surgical technique also had some impact on postoperative complications. In summary, in order to obtain the best therapeutic outcomes, personalized plans should be developed for each patient, accounting for their individual circumstances to achieve precise treatment and enhance their quality of life.
How Modern Psychometrics Can Change Intelligence Testing of Children and Adolescents in Russia
Authors:   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kanonire Tatjana , Federiakin Denis ,   University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany, Logvinenko Tatiana ,   Sirius University of Science and Technology, Sirius Federal Territory, Russian Federation, Orel Ekaterina ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kulikova Alena ,   National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2024

The assessment of intellectual development in children and adolescents is an essential component of psychodiagnostics, facilitating an understanding of the nature of learning difficulties. Intelligence tests have a history that spans more than a century, and even contemporary versions of widely used intelligence tests (such as the Wechsler or Stanford-Binet tests) are limited by the influence of their traditional paper-based formats. Nevertheless, the advent of computational capabilities and the digitalization of tests have led psychometrics to experience substantial development, opening new possibilities for assessment. The complete application of modern psychometrics holds the promise of revolutionizing the measurement of intelligence. This paper presents the current situation of measuring intelligence in children and adolescents in the world and in Russia. It describes the potentialities presented by modern psychometrics, including the utilization of innovative task formats such as technology-enhanced items, the integration of universal design principles in test development, the adoption of computerized adaptive testing (CAT) and multistage testing (MST) methodologies, the application of multidimensional IRT models to establish both construct and criterion validity, the shift from discrete norms to continuous scaling, and the incorporation of longitudinal measurements. The combination of these features within a computerized intelligence testing framework will enhance respondents' motivation and simplify the test administration process. It will facilitate frequent assessments of a child's progress by presenting varying test versions on each occasion, thereby significantly reducing errors in administration and scoring, while also safeguarding against misuse by non-professionals.
Family Resilience Assessment Scale (FRAS-RII): A New Version
Authors:   Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russian Federation, Gusarova Elena , Odintsova Maria ,   Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kozyreva Nina ,   Belarusian State Pedagogical University Named After Maxim Tank, Minsk, Republic of Belarus, Kuzmina Elena ,   Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: May 2024

Numerous versions of the Family Resilience Assessment Scale (FRAS) are constantly modified in order to make allowance for the limitations of previous versions. Approbation of the Family Resilience Assessment Scale (FRAS-RII), held in 2021, also showed the need to improve the instrument, verify its psychometric characteristics, which became the purpose of the current study. The study involved 627 respondents from Russia (n = 300) and Belarus (n = 327) aged from 18 to 67 years (average age of Russians 34.3 ± 12.5, average age of Belarusians 22.5 ± 7). We used the following methods: socio-demographic questionnaire, Family Resilience Assessment Scale FRASRII; Short version of Hardiness Survey; Test «Family Emotional Communications»; Revised questionnaire «Experience in Close Relationships». As a result, the optimal structure of the Family Resilience Assessment Scale FRAS-RII was elaborated with the psychometric characteristics indicating a high internal consistency of its five subscales. The subscales correlate with indicators of hardiness, family emotional communications, and experience in close relationships, indicating the external validity of the scale. The characteristics of family resilience differ depending on marital status and number of children in families, depending on the type of adverse event in the samples of Russians and Belarusians, which also confirms the applicability of the scale when working with different types of families. We may conclude that the FRAS-RII with its five subscales such as family communication and connectedness, positive outlook and problem solving, acceptance and flexibility, social resources, family spirituality, is a reliable, valid tool for research and for psychological help to Russian and Belarusian families.
UV-visible spectroscopic investigations on the post-irradiation storage effect of polystyrene
Authors: P Vivek Vardhan , Chitra Shaji , Alok Sharan , Lata I Shukla
Published: May 2024

Polystyrene is an electron-rich polymer wherein the electrons ejected on irradiation are localized and could be investigated by using spectroscopic methods. Pre-irradiated, PTPC (Pre-irradiated Tarsons Polystyrene Control) were irradiated with a cumulative dose of γ-rays 51, 77 and 129 kGy at 300-308 K referred to as RTPS (Re-irradiated Tarsons Polystyrene Samples). These RTPS were subjected to different post-irradiation treatments and were analyzed by UV-Vis absorption spectrometry. The regions 300 – 400 and 600 – 900 nm show differential absorption in RTPS in dose dose-dependent manner. The energy is absorbed by the phenyl chromophores of PS and redistributes the excitation energy. The data clearly suggests that RTPS (1mm) has retained its structural and chemical integrity as evidenced by UV-Vis spectrometry and hydrogen ion concentrations. The sterility was maintained for prolonged periods until packed properly facilitating the re-use multiple times before discarding. Though γ-irradiation has been in use for sterilization for a long time. The applications include the reusability of PS materials and evidence is provided for the structural and chemical integrity after re-irradiation. This method is cost-effective for biological laboratories and environmentally friendly.
Mitigating Gradient-Based Data Poisoning Attacks on Machine Learning Models: A Statistical Detection Method
Authors:   Research Scholar, Department of CSE, GITAM School of Technology, GITAM Deemed to be University, India, Sanapala Lavanya , Gondi Lakshmeeswari
Published: May 2024

Objectives: This research paper aims to develop a novel method for identifying gradient-based data poisoning attacks on industrial applications like autonomous vehicles and intelligent healthcare systems relying on machine learning and deep learning techniques. These algorithms performs well only if they are trained on good quality dataset. However, the ML models are prone to data poisoning attacks, targeting the training dataset, manipulate its input samples such that the machine learning algorithm gets confused and produces wrong predictions. The current detection techniques are effective to detect known attacks and lack generalized detection to unknown attacks. To address this issue, this paper aims to integrate security elements within the machine learning framework, guaranteeing effective identification and mitigation of known and unknown threats and achieve generalized detection. Methods: ML Filter, a unique attack detection approach integrates ML-Filter Detection Algorithm and the Statistical Perturbation Bounds Identification Algorithm to determine the given dataset is poisoned or not. DBSCAN algorithm is used to divide the dataset into several smaller subsets and perform algorithmic analysis for detection. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated in terms of True positive rate and significance test accuracy. Findings: The probability distribution differences between original and poisoned datasets vary with change in perturbation size rather than the datasets and ML models use for application. This finding lead to determine the perturbation bounds using statistical pairwise distance metrics and corresponding significance tests computed on the results. ML Filter demonstrates a high detection rate of 99.63% for known attacks and achieves a generalized detection accuracy of 98% for unknown attacks. Novelty: A secured ML architecture and a unique statistical detection approach ML-Filter, effectively detect data poisoning attacks, demonstrating significant advancements in detecting both known and unknown threats in industrial applications utilizing machine learning and deep learning algorithms. Keywords: Privacy and security, Adversarial machine learning, Secured ML Architecture, ML-Filter, Statistical Perturbation Bounds Identification Algorithm
Rehabilitation Exoskeletons: a Systematic Literature Review
Authors:   Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Rivera Robles Jonatan , Bory Reyes Juan ,   Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Hernández Simón Luis Manuel ,   Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Palacios Hernández Jesús Ignacio Eduardo ,   Instituto Politécnico Nacional
Published: May 2024

The accelerated evolution of technology in the last decade has enabled breakthroughs in fields of science such as medicine, robotics, bionics and rehabilitation by integrating knowledge and techniques from these areas. Rehabilitation exoskeletons are examples of multidisciplinary integration in the development of physiotherapeutic intervention tools that have shown significant results in patients with neurological diseases. This systematic literature review presents the advances, developments and characteristics of these devices and their current situation, specifically those that have the greatest impact on their co-citation and co-occurrence so that the works integrated into the research are verifiable and reliable. This is done through the implementation of a methodology for the elaboration of the state of the art on the subject of rehabilitation exoskeletons, based on the implementation of scientific databases, systematised digital bibliometric tools and their systemic integration. The scientific literature on rehabilitation exoskeletons was compiled from papers published between January 2014 and 30 November 2023, which were retrieved from the Web of Science. The first stage was to define the inclusion and exclusion criteria in order to limit the search within the scientific database, and the second stage was to process the information and works obtained in order to process them using the CiteSpace software, as a result of this stage, the co-occurrence analysis was obtained, a graphical network was generated and a co-citation analysis, subsequently with the data obtained from the previous stages, the PRISMA method was implemented. As a third step, the results obtained from the 1511 publications and 108,512 reference citations dealing with rehabilitation exoskeletons are presented. A discussion of the main characteristics, advances, limitations, challenges and trends of these devices is presented.
Osmanlı sanayileşme çalışmalarının eğitime yansıması: Sivas Islahhanesi’nden Sanayi Mektebi’ne
Authors: Yanardağ Ayse
Published: May 2024

Avrupa’da Reform, Rönesans, Aydınlanma süreçleri sonunda bilimsel ve teknik gelişmeler ortaya çıkmıştır. Teknik gelişmeler sanayileşmeye, sanayileşme de siyasi, askeri, ekonomik üstünlüğe yol açmıştır. Bu üstünlük ile Avrupa’nın Osmanlı Devleti’ne karşı izlediği, siyasi, askeri, ekonomik politikalar Osmanlı’nın dağılma sebepleri arasında yer almıştır. Sanayileşmiş ülkelerin ürünleri Osmanlı pazarlarına girmiş, böylece mevcut ilkel düzeydeki yerli üretim azalmaya başlamıştır. Ülke ihtiyaçlarının dışardan Avrupa’nın sanayi ürünleri ile karşılanması ithalatın artmasına ve cari açığa yani ithalat ve ihracat dengesinin bozulmasına ve Osmanlı’nın borçlanmasına sebep olmuştur. Artan ithalat ve borçlanma da giderek Osmanlı’nın siyasi hâkimiyetine zarar vermiştir. Ancak Osmanlı askeri ve sivil aydınları Tanzimat Fermanından sonra devleti kurtarmak için hemen her alanda yenilikler yapmaya başlamışlardır. Bilimsel, teknolojik ve sanayileşme süreçlerinin gerisinde kalmanın siyasi, askeri, ekonomik yıkım getirdiğini gören Osmanlı, sanayileşme politikaları geliştirmeye çalışmış, kâğıt, ispirto, iplik, deri ve kundura gibi bazı fabrikalar kurmuştur. Diğer yandan bu dönemde savaşlarda öksüz ve yetim çocukların artması üzerine Tuna valisi Mithat Paşa’nın bu çocukların barınma ve eğitimi için kurduğu ıslahhaneler hem sanayileşme hem de eğitimde yenileşme çalışmalarını yansıtmaktadır. Bu ıslahhaneler örnek teşkil etmiş ve Osmanlı’da yaygınlaştırılmaya çalışılmıştır. Daha sonra ise ıslahhaneler sanayi mektebi adını almaya başlamıştır. Sanayi mekteplerinde çağın bilim ve teknolojisi öğretilmeye ve sanayi için teknik eleman yetiştirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu amaçla Sivas’ta da önce ıslahhane daha sonra sanayi mektebi açılmıştır. Osmanlı’nın sanayileşme ve eğitim politikalarının Sivas’a yansıması olarak Osmanlı’nın zor dönemlerinde kurulan ıslahhane ve sanayi mektebi hakkında arşiv belgelerine bazı bilgiler yansımıştır. Bu çalışmada eğitim tarihinde bir boşluk olarak görülen Sivas Islahhanesi’nden Sanayi Mektebi’ne gidiş süreci arşiv belgelerine dayalı olarak incelenmiştir. Sebep sonuç ilişkisi içinde incelenen arşiv belgeleri dışında çalışmada çeşitli telif eserler kullanılmıştır. Çalışma ile Türk eğitim tarihi literatürüne katkıda bulunmak ve Osmanlı’dan Cumhuriyet’e kalan mirasın küçük bir kısmını aydınlatmak amaçlanmıştır.
TruAI Neuromelanin Quantification v2
Authors: Filimontseva Anastasia , Chatterton Zac , Halliday Glenda , Fu YuHong
Published: May 2024

Quantification of area and optical density of intracellular neuromelanin with TruAI.
Perception of Women Through Conceptual Metaphor “WOMEN ARE PLANTS”: A Case Study of 20th-Century Vietnamese Literature
Authors: Pham Giang T. , Nguyen Chung T. T.
Published: May 2024

Based on the Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT), the article elucidates the conceptual metaphor “WOMEN ARE PLANTS” in 20th-century Vietnamese literary works. Through the analysis of low-level metaphors, the study focuses on determining the number and frequency of metaphorical linguistic expressions, hence shedding light on cultures and thinking of the Vietnamese community in a correlation between universality and distinctive characteristics of this ethnic group. Different perspectives on women are also revealed.
Segmental Phonemes Conservation in Pattae Language, Indonesia
Authors: I. Jerniati , Herianah  , Ratnawati  , Yulianti Andi Indah , Musayyedah  , Syamsurijal
Published: May 2024

This study focused on conserving the speech sound system of the Pattae language. It employed speaking and listening methods. The result indicates that the vowel sounds are ten, the consonant sounds are eighteen, and the diphthongs are [aw] and [ay]. The classifications of vowel sound characters are six phonemes, they are /a/, /i/, /u/, /e/, //, and /o/, and long vowel phonemes are /a:/, /i:/, /u:/, and /o:/. The long vowel phonemes are insufficient supporting data. These vowels can be distributed in a word's initial, middle, and final positions, except /e/, which is not indicated in the initial position. Besides, the classification of consonant sound characters shows eighteen phonemes, including /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /m/, /ñ/, /n/, //, /k/, /g/, /l/, /r/, /s/, /j/, /c/, /?/, /y/, and /w/. Three consonants are distributed in all positions, including n/, //, and /k/; four are distributed in the final, namely /n/, //, /k/, and /?/; twelve are distributed in the initial and middle, such as /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /m/,/ñ/, /k/, /g/, /l/, /r/, /s/, and /w/; and two are distributed in the middle, involving /y/ and /j/.
The Possibility of Originalism in Malaysia
Authors: Shuaib Farid Sufian , Mahmud Fariza Milaqurshiah
Published: May 2024

This paper highlights the feasibility of originalism as a constitutional interpretive approach in Malaysia. A doctrinal method through case analysis along with comparative method is applied in this paper. Originalism finds its strength in stability of language through fidelity of the text. This is pertinent in increasing the possibility of coherence and mitigating arbitrariness amidst the contemporary challenges arising from rapid change of values. Through illustration of cases, this paper suggests that originalism may have been applied in the past. This paper also proposes some supporting measures to optimize the effectiveness of originalism in interpreting the Federal Constitution by the Malaysian Judiciary. The author concludes that originalism has a place in Malaysia and in fact, serves a very important role to preserve the country’s traditional values and traditional elements through fidelity to the text.
Patriotism and National Symbols in Russian and Ukrainian Elections
Authors: Grechanaya Tamara , Ceron Andrea
Published: May 2024

How do political parties leverage patriotic appeals in their online campaigning within the context of autocracies and hybrid regimes? This study delves into the digital campaign strategies deployed by political parties during the most recent legislative elections in Russia (2021) and Ukraine (2019). In light of the armed conflict between Russia-backed separatists and Ukrainian forces in the eastern area of Ukraine, war-related themes and patriotic rhetoric emerged as pivotal concerns for politicians in both countries. The “rally around the flag” phenomenon posits that, in times of crisis, citizens often experience an intensified sense of national identity and patriotic fervor. Consequently, references to patriotism and related topics may evoke positive responses and prove instrumental for politicians during elections, serving to engage, mobilize, and attract voters. Drawing on a manual content analysis of the underlying communication strategies, we assessed whether parties’ reference to patriotic gestures and symbols or their attention to related policy topics (defense, war and military conflicts, and foreign policy and international relations) yielded an increased level of user engagement. Our findings reveal that references to patriotic symbols engendered increased user engagement within the Russian context, albeit without significantly affecting the engagement of Ukrainian voters. The latter tended to exhibit greater engagement with posts addressing defense and foreign policy matters though. Interestingly, Russian parties conspicuously avoided war-related topics, while Ukrainian voters displayed a propensity to penalize such content by generating fewer reactions to it.