bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Quantitative Estimation of Forearm Strength and Associated Muscle Fatigue on the Screw Driving Task
Authors: Hsiao Chih-Kun , Tu Yuan-Kun , Tsai Yi-Jung , Yang Chun-Yuh , Lu Chih-Wei
Published: January 2020

Background: Upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders are highly prevalent work-related injuries. The problem is commonly related to tasks that involve forceful exertion and repetitive motion. This study investigated forearm muscular strength and fatigue when performing a screw driving task using the screw driving model.Methods: Ten male and two female adults participated in this study. The pre- and post-fatigue maximum handgrip, driving torque, push force, insertion rate of the screws and corresponding electromyographic responses were measured to assess the muscle strength loss and fatigue of the forearm when driving screws. Results: After screwing, the maximal grip force, maximal driving torque, and maximal push force losses were approximately 32%, 24% and 27%, respectively. The percentage force loss of grip force and driving torque in the brachioradialis and extensor carpi ulnaris was greater than those of the biceps brachii. The percentage of maximum driving torque and push force decreased significantly on the eighth screw compared with the first screw. The insertion rate decreased linearly with the number of inserted screws; however, a significant decrease in the insertion rate of the fourth screw was observed. Conclusion: Muscle fatigue may occur in subjects who are inserting more than four screws. More muscle force loss and a higher risk of fatigue occurred in the brachioradialis and extensor carpi ulnaris. The results of this study can be used to assess the risk of forearm injury and potential for muscle fatigue due to exposure to repetitive driving tasks. Keywords: muscle fatigue, maximum isometric forces, driving torque
Formulation of integrated water resources management (IWRM) plan at district level: a case study from Bundelkhand region of India
Authors: Goyal V. C. , Garg Anuradha , Patil Jyoti P. , Thomas T.
Published: January 2020

Integrated water resources management (IWRM) is being implemented all over the world, considering its wide area of applications and flexible spatial scale. Scientists have found IWRM useful in an Indian context also where a coordinated development of water and land resources is sought as part of complete economic, social and environmental welfare. The paper presents the concepts of ‘Local IWRM’ planning applied to water conservation and management in a case study of Ur river watershed in Tikamgarh district of Madhya Pradesh (India). The Plan considers effective utilization of land, water and other available natural resources, linked to the vulnerabilities and livelihood opportunities in the geographical area. The IWRM Plan, designed in three sections – (1) water management, (2) land management, and (3) livelihood management – provides specific suggestions on the activities under these three themes as useful inputs to the District Irrigation Plan (DIP) of the Government. The proposed IWRM Plan intends to promote the component of water demand management in district level planning and is envisioned to be an ‘implementable’ planning document for district level government. Acceptability of the IWRM plan is potentially enhanced as the plan was developed through a participatory process, wherein all relevant stakeholders were consulted at different stages of development.
The Structural Role of Gangliosides: Insights from X-ray Scattering on Model Membranes
Authors: Andreev Konstantin
Published: January 2020

Background:

Gangliosides are an essential component of eukaryotic plasma membranes implicated in multiple physiological processes. Little is known about molecular mechanisms underlying the distribution and functions of membrane gangliosides. The overwhelmingly complex organization of glycocalyx impedes the structural analysis on cell surface and the interplay between the lipid components. Advanced X-ray analytical tools applicable to studying biological interfaces call for the simplistic models that mimic ganglioside-enriched cellular membranes.

Objective:

To summarize the mechanistic evidences of ganglioside interactions with lipid environment and biologically active ligands using high-resolution synchrotron X-ray scattering.

Methods:

A comprehensive review of studies published over the last decade was done to discuss recent accomplishments and future trends.

Results:

Langmuir monolayers represent an adequate model system to assess the effect of gangliosides on membrane structure. Grazing incidence X-ray diffraction reveals a condensation effect by gangliosides on zwitterionic phospholipids with the cooperative packing of sialo- and phosphate groups. In turn, the arrangement of negatively charged lipids in ganglioside mixture remains unchanged due to the stretched conformation of carbohydrate moieties. Upon interaction with biological ligands, such as cholera toxin and galectins, the ganglioside redistribution within the ordered regions of monolayer follows distinct mechanistic patterns. The cholera toxin pentamer attached to the oligosaccharide core induces local transition from oblique to the hexagonal lattice resulting in phase coexistence. The incorporation of the A subunit responsible for endocytosis is further promoted by the acidic environment characteristic for endosomal space. X-ray reflectivity shows in-plane orientation of galectin dimers with the spatial mismatch between the lectin binding sites and ganglioside carbohydrates to perturb ceramide alkyl chains. Recent data also demonstrate sialic acid groups to be potential targets for novel peptide mimicking anticancer therapeutics.

Conclusion:

Coupled with surface X-ray scattering, the membrane mimetic approach allows for better understanding the biological role of gangliosides and their potential applications.
Exploration of Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Modulators by Molecular Fingerprints and Docking Simulations
Authors: Niazi Sarfaraj , Hebbar Vishwamohana M. , Mathew Pooja , Kumar Raj K.D. , Purohit Madhusudan
Published: January 2020

Background: Overexpression of Angiotensin Type 1 (AT1) receptor along with other
deregulated oncogenic factors, for e.g. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) triggers angiogenesis,
which is one of the hallmarks of cancer. AT1 receptor, being a key component of the renin
- angiotensin system (RAS), also helps in the regulation of blood pressure. In the present study, we
report on the identification of novel Angiotensin II Type 1 receptor modulators from among the
265,242 molecules deposited in the NCI compound database (Release 4, 2012) by several rounds of
In silico screening steps.

Methods: The screening steps involved Lipinski's filter to eliminate the non-drug like candidates
followed by fingerprint based similarity filtering using 950 known reference set of AT1 receptor
binders. Further screening exercises such as, iterative GOLD based docking and binding free energy
calculations were performed to arrive at potential AT1 receptor binding hit candidates. The 2D
structural and bioactivity data of the known AT1 receptor modulators retrieved from BindingDB
database were also critically reviewed.

Results: Docking based virtual screening followed by high flexible docking resulted 10 best fit
candidates, which had binding modes roughly similar to the cocrystallized ligand, ZD7155. Of the
ten shortlisted candidates, NSC407757 had the binding affinity, on-par, as of the known reference
ligand, ZD7155 towards AT1 receptor. An interesting observation of this study is that, the high
binding affinity of the hit candidates may be attributed to the similar binding orientation and interactions
as of the reference molecule independent of structural similarity with the known AT1 receptor
modulators.

Conclusion: The hit candidates reported in the present study hold promise as the potential new AT1
receptor modulators. Further study involving structural optimization, synthesis and In vitro binding experiments
is warranted for the accelerated discovery of high efficacy novel AT1 receptor modulators.
New Inhibition Detection Method to Evaluate the Human Salivary Alphaamylase Activity of Some Drugs, Molecular Docking, and SAR Studies
Authors: Samira Nia , Khedidja Benarous , Manel Lakaas , Israa Sadeki , Mohamed Yousfi
Published: January 2020

Background:

For the first time, the investigation of six anti-inflammatory drugs and six
antihistaminic drugs for inhibitory activities against alpha-amylase has been evaluated using a new
inhibition detection method in order to find new treatments for some diseases caused by α-amylase.

Objective:

The first part of this work was devoted to the evaluation of the inhibition activity of these
drugs on salivary α-amylase in vitro. Then to study the nature of interactions and structure-activity
relationship, using the Autodockvina program for molecular docking.

Materials and Methods:

The evaluation of the inhibitory activity of our drugs is achieved using a
new method that has proved its sensitivity, quickness, and effectiveness.

Results :

The results of this study show that betamethasone and loratadine are potent α-amylase inhibitors
with IC50 values 0.7mg/ml and 1.03 mg/ml, respectively compared to acarbose with IC50=5.6
μg/ml.

Conclusion:

The results showed that the loratadine and the betamethasone have a strong potential to
inhibit the alpha-amylase.
Os areais do sudoeste do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, como patrimônio geomorfológico
Authors: Gass Sidnei Luís Bohn , Verdum Roberto , Vieira Lucimar de Fátima dos Santos , Caneppele Jean Carlo Gessi , Laurent François
Published: January 2020

Os processos de arenização encontrados no sudoeste do RS, Brasil, são um fenômeno único, localizado entre as unidades geomorfológicas da Escarpa do Planalto de Uruguaiana e a Depressão Periférica. Os areais se constituem como produto do intemperismo destas formações e que lhes confere uma condição geomorfológica particular. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo estabelecer relações entre a arenização, seu aproveitamento turístico enquanto patrimônio geomorfológico e os conflitos ambientais ocasionados pelo modelo econômico dominante. Dentre os areais que podem ser identificados na região, o do Cerro da Esquina possui condições de exploração turística, pois permite que parte da “memória da Terra” seja compreendida a partir da sua observação. O potencial dos areais enquanto patrimônio geomorfológico para o desenvolvimento do turismo pode ser avaliado a partir de diferentes aspectos: (i) a compreensão do próprio processo, ou seja, o que são os areais e como surgiram; (ii) a sua vinculação no contexto da bacia hidrográfica do arroio Inhacundá, dentro da qual, se passa por diferentes compartimentos, até chegar aos relevos testemunhos, associados às formações sedimentares (Botucatu e Guará), aos areais e às turfeiras nos fundos dos vales de seus tributários; e (iii) a beleza cênica do conjunto paisagístico da região. Nesta perspectiva, questiona-se a implantação da monocultura silvícola, a qual interfere no processo de conservação do patrimônio geomorfológico, reduzindo o potencial geoturístico apresentado pela região.
Aspectos geológicos e geomorfológicos da Cachoeira de Casca D’Anta (Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra – Minas Gerais, Brasil): primeiros passos para o seu aproveitamento geoturístico
Authors: Bento Lilian Carla Moreira Bento , Rodrigues Sílvio Carlos
Published: January 2020

A Cachoeira de Casca D’Anta está localizada na escarpa sul da Serra da Canastra, no estado de Minas Gerais (Brasil), onde nasce um dos rios mais importantes do país, o Rio São Francisco. Compreende uma queda com 200 metros de desnível, esculpida em quartzitos do Grupo Canastra. É um dos atrativos mais visitados do Parque Nacional da Serra da Canastra (PARNA Serra da Canastra), unidade de conservação do tipo integral. Apesar de ser uma área de proteção que permite a visitação, não existe no parque um programa de educação e interpretação ambiental que aborde o patrimônio geomorfológico. Nesse sentido, tendo em visto essa carência e o fato da Casca D’anta ser um dos atrativos mais visitados no parque, o objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um levantamento científico no que diz respeito aos aspectos geológicos e geomorfológicos da área, de modo a compreender a origem e evolução dessa feição. De posse dessas informações, num segundo momento, espera-se subsidiar a proposição de um painel interpretativo para que os visitantes passem a associar o aspecto contemplativo ao educativo, superando a subutilização do local do ponto de vista pedagógico e de valorização do patrimônio geomorfológico, indo ao encontro dos objetivos da prática do Geoturismo.
A Intervenção da Inspeção na Avaliação Externa das Escolas: um estudo com base das perceções de diretores de escolas
Authors: Nogueira Arlete , Gonçalves Manuela , Adelino Costa Jorge
Published: January 2020

Em Portugal, o sistema de avaliação da educação e do ensino não superior surge em 2002, com a publicação da Lei n.º 31/2002, determinando pela mesma via jurídico-normativa que as escolas sejam submetidas a processos de avaliação externa. Este processo avaliativo foi confiado à Inspeção da Educação, a partir de 2007, passando este a ser um dos principais domínios da intervenção inspetiva. O presente estudo tem por objetivo analisar como é percecionado, por diretores de escolas públicas portuguesas, o papel da Inspeção no processo de Avaliação Externa das Escolas. Com uma natureza descritiva, o estudo apoiou-se na aplicação de um inquérito por questionário, respondido por 111 diretores do território de Portugal Continental. Os resultados evidenciam que a Avaliação Externa das Escolas é uma atividade inspetiva valorizada pelos diretores de escolas e desenvolvida em alinhamento, por um lado, com a missão e funções da Inspeção da Educação no sistema educativo, e, por outro, com os objetivos consignados na lei para aquela atividade. Evidencia-se ainda que os diretores de escolas percecionam esta atividade como oportunidade de afirmação da figura do diretor, de acreditação da sua liderança no exercício da sua autonomia.
Uma reflexão sobre um processo de transformação de práticas pedagógicas nos espaços exteriores em contextos de educação de infância
Authors: Bento Gabriela , Portugal Gabriela
Published: January 2020

A investigação realizada sobre espaços exteriores em contextos educativos aponta para cenários de desinvestimento e de desvalorização destes ambientes, apesar do seu contributo para a aprendizagem e desenvolvimento das crianças. A implementação de mudanças que potenciem uma valorização efetiva do brincar ao ar livre, em contextos de educação de infância, pressupõe a conceção de processos formativos que ajudem os profissionais de educação a transformar práticas enraizadas. Em resposta ao interesse manifestado por duas equipas de profissionais de educação de infância portugueses, desenvolvemos uma formação em contexto destinada à melhoria das práticas pedagógicas ao ar livre. Neste artigo apresentamos uma reflexão crítica sobre dimensões que emergiram a partir do processo formativo vivido e que parecem influenciar a concretização e sustentabilidade da mudança (disposição para a mudança; trabalho de equipa; recursos e equipamentos; envolvimento das famílias; imagens de criança, de aprendizagem e papel do adulto). Dentro destas dimensões, que se interligam, sobressaem desarticulações entre discursos e práticas, situando-se os principais desafios ao nível da transformação da imagem de criança e da consequente ação do educador, o que exige desenvolvimento de atitude crítica, avaliativa e reflexiva.
Mobile Apps to Support Caregiver-Resident Communication in Long-Term Care: Systematic Search and Content Analysis
Authors: Wilson Rozanne , Cochrane Diana , Mihailidis Alex , Small Jeff
Published: January 2020

Background

In long-term residential care (LTRC), caregivers’ attempts to provide person-centered care can be challenging when assisting residents living with a communication disorder (eg, aphasia) and/or a language-cultural barrier. Mobile communication technology, which includes smartphones and tablets and their software apps, offers an innovative solution for preventing and overcoming communication breakdowns during activities of daily living. There is a need to better understand the availability, relevance, and stability of commercially available communication apps (cApps) that could support person-centered care in the LTRC setting.

Objective

This study aimed to (1) systematically identify and evaluate commercially available cApps that could support person-centered communication (PCC) in LTRC and (2) examine the stability of cApps over 2 years.

Methods

We conducted systematic searches of the Canadian App Store (iPhone Operating System platform) in 2015 and 2017 using predefined search terms. cApps that met the study’s inclusion criteria underwent content review and quality assessment.

Results

Although the 2015 searches identified 519 unique apps, only 27 cApps were eligible for evaluation. The 2015 review identified 2 augmentative and alternative cApps and 2 translation apps as most appropriate for LTRC. Despite a 205% increase (from 199 to 607) in the number of augmentative and alternative communication and translation apps assessed for eligibility in the 2017 review, the top recommended cApps showed suitability for LTRC and marketplace stability.

Conclusions

The recommended existing cApps included some PCC features and demonstrated marketplace longevity. However, cApps that focus on the inclusion of more PCC features may be better suited for use in LTRC, which warrants future development. Furthermore, cApp content and quality would improve by including research evidence and experiential knowledge (eg, nurses and health care aides) to inform app development. cApps offer care staff a tool that could promote social participation and person-centered care.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/10.2196/17136
Artificial Intelligence-Based Differential Diagnosis: Development and Validation of a Probabilistic Model to Address Lack of Large-Scale Clinical Datasets (Preprint)
Authors: Chishti Shahrukh , Jaggi Karan Raj , Saini Anuj , Agarwal Gaurav , Ranjan Ashish
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND

Machine-learning or deep-learning algorithms for clinical diagnosis are inherently dependent on the availability of large-scale clinical datasets. Lack of such datasets and inherent problems such as overfitting often necessitate the development of innovative solutions. Probabilistic modeling closely mimics the rationale behind clinical diagnosis and represents a unique solution.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this study was to develop and validate a probabilistic model for differential diagnosis in different medical domains.

METHODS

Numerical values of symptom-disease associations were utilized to mathematically represent medical domain knowledge. These values served as the core engine for the probabilistic model. For the given set of symptoms, the model was utilized to produce a ranked list of differential diagnoses, which was compared to the differential diagnosis constructed by a physician in a consult. Practicing medical specialists were integral in the development and validation of this model. Clinical vignettes (patient case studies) were utilized to compare the accuracy of doctors and the model against the assumed gold standard. The accuracy analysis was carried out over the following metrics: top 3 accuracy, precision, and recall.

RESULTS

The model demonstrated a statistically significant improvement (P=.002) in diagnostic accuracy (85%) as compared to the doctors’ performance (67%). This advantage was retained across all three categories of clinical vignettes: 100% vs 82% (P<.001) for highly specific disease presentation, 83% vs 65% for moderately specific disease presentation (P=.005), and 72% vs 49% (P<.001) for nonspecific disease presentation. The model performed slightly better than the doctors’ average in precision (62% vs 60%, P=.43) but there was no improvement with respect to recall (53% vs 56%, P=.27). However, neither difference was statistically significant.

CONCLUSIONS

The present study demonstrates a drastic improvement over previously reported results that can be attributed to the development of a stable probabilistic framework utilizing symptom-disease associations to mathematically represent medical domain knowledge. The current iteration relies on static, manually curated values for calculating the degree of association. Shifting to real-world data–derived values represents the next step in model development.
Young People’s Experience of a Long-Term Social Media–Based Intervention for First-Episode Psychosis: Qualitative Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Valentine Lee , McEnery Carla , O’Sullivan Shaunagh , Gleeson John , Bendall Sarah , Alvarez-Jimenez Mario
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND

Digital mental health interventions present a unique opportunity to address the lack of social connection and loneliness experienced by young people with first-episode psychosis (FEP). The first generation of digital interventions, however, is associated with high attrition rates. Social media presents an opportunity to target this issue. A new generation of digital intervention has harnessed the popularity of social media to both promote engagement and foster social connectedness in youth mental health interventions. Despite their potential, little is known about how young people engage with, and experience, social media–based interventions as well as the optimal design, implementation, and management needed to ensure young people with psychosis receive benefit.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to explore how young people engage with, and experience, a long-term social media–based mental health intervention designed to address social functioning in individuals with FEP.

METHODS

This qualitative study was based on 12 interviews with young people (19 to 28 years, mean 23 years) who used Horyzons, a long-term social media–based mental health intervention, as part of a previous randomized controlled trial. A semistructured phenomenological interview guide with open-ended questions was used to explore young people’s subjective experience of the intervention. All interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.

RESULTS

A total of 4 superordinate themes emerged during the analysis including (1) shared experience as the catalyst for a cocreated social space, (2) the power of peer support, (3) an upbeat environment, and (4) experiences that interrupt being in Horyzons.

CONCLUSIONS

We found that Horyzon’s therapeutic social network fostered a connection and an understanding among young people. It also aided in the creation of an embodied experience that afforded young people with FEP a sense of self-recognition and belonging over the long term. However, although we found that most young people had strong positive experiences of a social connection on Horyzons, we also found that they experienced significant barriers that could substantively interrupt their ability to use the platform. We found that social anxiety, paranoia, internalized stigma, lack of autonomy, and social protocol confusion interfered with young people’s usage of the platform. From a design perspective, digital interventions are flexible and thus equipped to begin addressing these implications by providing customizable and personalized treatment options that account for varying levels of social connection and psychological need that could otherwise interrupt young people’s usage of social media–based interventions.

CLINICALTRIAL
Effectiveness of Educational Interventions to Increase Knowledge of Evidence-Based Practice Among Nurses and Physiotherapists in Primary Health Care: Protocol for a Systematic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Verloo Henk , Melly Pauline , Hilfiker Roger , Pereira Filipa
Published: January 2020

BACKGROUND

The implementation of evidence-based practice (EBP) in daily health care practice is strongly encouraged; it is widely recognized as a means to improve the quality and safety of health care for patients and reduce avoidable costs. Primary care nurses and physiotherapists face numerous challenges in trying to ensure that they deliver effective daily care. Broadly promoted educational interventions aim to increase the integration and implementation of EBP in their daily practice.

OBJECTIVE

This systematic review will retrieve and evaluate publications examining the effectiveness of educational interventions to increase the integration and implementation of EBP among nurses, nurse practitioners, and physiotherapists active in primary care.

METHODS

We will conduct a systematic review of published articles in relevant professional, scientific journals (from their start dates) and in the following electronic databases, from inception until October 31, 2020: Medline Ovid SP (from 1946), PubMed (NOT Medline[sb]; from 1996), Embase.com (from 1947), CINAHL Ebesco (from 1937), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials Wiley (from 1992), PsycINFO Ovid SP (from 1806), Web of Science Core collection (from 1900), PEDro (from 1999), the JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports (from 1998), and the Trip Database (from 1997). We will use the predefined search terms of “evidence-based practice,” “nurses,” or “physiotherapists” and combinations with other terms, such as “educational interventions.” We will also conduct a hand search of the bibliographies of all the relevant articles and a search for unpublished studies using Google Scholar, the ProQuest Dissertations and Theses dissemination, Mednar, WorldCat, OpenGrey, and Grey Literature Report. We will consider publications in English, French, German, and Portuguese.

RESULTS

The electronic database searches were completed in October 2020. Retrieved articles are currently being screened, and the entire study is expected to be completed by March 2021.

CONCLUSIONS

This systematic review will provide specific knowledge about the effectiveness of educational interventions to increase the implementation and integration of EBP in the daily practice of nurses and physiotherapists providing primary care services. Its findings will inform us about the types and frequencies of the most successful educational interventions.

CLINICALTRIAL

PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews CRD42017077309; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=77309

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/17621
Language Recognition Method of Convolutional Neural Network Based on Spectrogram
Authors: Min Wu , Shanshan Zhu
Published: January 2020

Language recognition is an important branch of speech technology. As a front-end technology of speech information processing, higher recognition accuracy is required. It is found through research that there are obvious differences between the language maps of different languages, which can be used for language identification. This paper uses a convolutional neural network as a classification model, and compares the language recognition effects of traditional language recognition features and spectrogram features on the five language recognition tasks of Chinese, Japanese, Vietnamese, Russian, and Spanish through experiments. The best effect is the ivector feature, and the spectrogram feature has a higher F value than the low-dimensional ivector feature.
O (ab)uso da palavra fascimo: a recepção de Tropa de Elite
Authors: Caldas Pedro
Published: January 2020

Este ensaio considera a recepção do filme Tropa de elite, de José Padilha. O filme suscitou uma acalorado debate na imprensa brasileira, que em parte o acusou de fascista, enquanto seus defensores argumentaram que se tratava de um retrato realista da corrupção policial e degradação social no Rio de Janeiro. Meu principal objetivo é, então, analisar como a palavra “fascista” foi (ab)usada por ambos os lados.

Embora não defenda a idéia de que o filme de Padilha seja fascista, posto que não se enquadra em nenhuma definição de uma obra de arte fascista, sugerirei também que ele não é um mero quadro formado por meio da perspectiva de um policial, uma vez que contém procedimentos e técnicas naturalistas. Neste sentido, Tropa de elite é ainda mais problemático do que sua alegada apologia fascista.
Escritas contemporâneas: tecnologias e subjetividades
Authors: Palmeiro Cecilia
Published: January 2020

Baseado na leitura dos textos escritos por jovens na Argentina do 2000, esse trabalho analisa as condições de possibilidade da literatura contemporânea na era de produção digital da realidade. Atraves do conceito de post-autonomia, essas escritas são pensadas nas suas relações com as politicas da identidade e da diferença, e com as novas formulações escritas do Eu na internet, para refletir na capacidade de intervenção social da literatura, orientada à mutação da subjetividade.
Expanding Point-of-Care Ultrasound Training in a Low- and Middle-Income Country: Experiences From a Collaborative Short-Training Workshop in Kenya
Authors: Jones Leanne , Gathu Catherine , Szkwarko Daria , Mucheru Sam , Amin Naushad , Amisi James A. , Bergman Kevin , Ramos Mena , Jayasekera Neil
Published: January 2020

Background and Objectives: In Kenya, little data exists on point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) training and use for family medicine physicians. In 2017, a 3-day POCUS workshop assembled most of the family medicine physicians in Kenya. Through surveys, we assessed how this workshop could affect the level of POCUS use, skill, and confidence in family medicine practitioners in the long term.
Methods: Structured surveys, distributed before, after, and 10 months postworkshop assessed demographics, POCUS use, barriers, comfort, and skills based on attendee self-assessment. We compared data from the preworkshop surveys to postsurveys and post-postsurveys to assess immediate and long-term differences. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to evaluate continuous data, and significance was based on a P value of <.05.
Results: The proportion of participants who self-reported using POCUS increased significantly between presurvey and post-postsurvey (29.7% to 63.2%, P=.0161). Mean confidence scores increased significantly from presurvey to postsurvey and post-postsurvey. For all body systems, self-reported mean skill scores increased significantly from presurvey to postsurvey and post-postsurvey. Lack of access to machines and mentorship are substantial barriers to increasing POCUS use.
Conclusions: This study highlights the utility of one-time POCUS training in increasing long-term POCUS uptake by participants. While encouraging, our findings also show barriers to increasing POCUS use. These barriers must be addressed, potentially through intradepartmental and interorganizational exchanges of resources to ensure that future POCUS workshops are successful in supporting POCUS use in Kenya.
Is high ability necessary for high achievement? A review of recent empirical findings on the conditions for attaining expertise
Authors: Plazinic Ljiljana , Mutavdzin Dejana , Altaras-Dimitrijevic Ana
Published: January 2020

The paper confronts two views on the conditions for attaining exceptional
(expert) achievements: a viewpoint whereby giftedness, defined as exceptional
innate ability, constitutes a necessary requirement for the emergence of such
achievements, and the expert-performance oriented approach whereby the level
of achievement, including a superior one, depends exclusively on the amount
of deliberate practice. Adopting one of the two views implies different
educational practices, hence it is essential to assess their scientific
foundation. To begin with, we present and analyse the given viewpoints with
regard to their respective positions on the following questions: What is the
contribution of ability and of practice in explaining/predicting levels of
achievement? Is there an upper limit on the development of competencies
through practice, which might be attributed to abilities? Are there
significant individual variations in the dynamics of acquiring expertise? May
each instance of exceptional achievement be explained by deliberate practice?
Further, we offer a review of relevant studies in order to formulate
empirically based answers to the above stated questions. We conclude that the
dynamics and outcomes of the process of acquiring expertise cannot be
understood and predicted solely on the basis of deliberate practice, but that
they depend significantly on the existence of a gift, i.e., an exceptional
natural ability. With respect to educational implications, we find that
available scientific evidence yields some support for ?pedagogical optimism?
- the belief that most students can develop a high level of competency by way
of mentor-guided practice and feedback - yet that it also strongly calls for
differentiated and individualised instruction based on differences in
abilities.
PERUBAHAN STRUKTUR DAN ARRANSEMEN MUSIK GAMAD DI KOTA PADANG
Authors: Fikri Ioqo Alhamra , Ardipal Ardipal
Published: January 2020

AbstrakMusik Gamad  merupakan sebuah kesenian khas dari kota Padang yang mana pada dasarnya secara musikologi kesenian ini masih tergolong dalam klasifikasi musik melayu namun memiliki keunikan tersendiri dikarenakan pantun-pantun yang menjadi syair lagu dinyanyikan dalam bahasa Minangkabau dan juga bersifat spontan.kesenian ini juga merupakan sebuah bentuk akulturasi dari beberapa budaya masyarakat yang ada di kota padang pada era perkembanganya hingga pada saat ini.dilatar belakangi oleh kedatangan bangsa portugis dengan budaya musik barat dengan cepat menjadi daya tarik bagi bumi putra dalam konsep bermain musik sehingga pada sebelumnya pantun hanya dinyanyikan oleh vokal dengan iringan gendang tradisional kemudian bertambah dengan alat musik seperti akordeon,biola dan gitar.musik gamad pun dengan cepat menjadi sebuah kesenain yang populer di kota padang,namun dengan seiring perkembangan zaman dan pergeseran nilai-nilai sosial yang terjadi dalam masyarakat kota padang turut mempengaruhi kesenian ini sehingga terjadilah perubahan struktur dan bentuk dalam arransemen musik gamad di kota Padang.  Kata Kunci: gamad, struktur, bentuk, arransemen.AbstractGamad music is a distinctive art from the city of Padang, which is basically a musical artistry is still classified in the Malay music classification but has its own uniqueness because the poems are poetry sung in the Minangkabau language and are also spontaneous. This art is also a form acculturation of several cultural communities in the city of Padang in the era of its development until today. The background of the arrival of the Portuguese with Western music culture quickly became an attraction for the son of the earth in the concept of playing music so that in the past pantun was only sung by vocals with accompaniment traditional drum and then increased with musical instruments such as accordions, violins and guitars. Gamad music also quickly became a popular game in the city of Padang, but with the development of the times and the shifting of social values that occur in the city of Padang society also influence to this art so that there was a change in structure and shape in the gamad music arrangement in the city of Padang.Keywords: gamad, structure, shape, arrangement.
PENGARUH MORDAN TERHADAP PENCELUPAN EKSTRAK DAUN PURING (Codiaeum Variegatum) PADA BAHAN KATUN
Authors: Revianti Mela Maha , Novrita Sri Zulfia
Published: January 2020

AbstrakPenelitian ini dilatar belakangi sebagai upaya untuk mengurangi dampak negative akibat penggunaan zat warna sintetis. Salah satu tanaman yang dapat dijadikan zat pewarna alam yang ramah lingkungan yaitu tanaman puring. Hasil pewarnaan dengan mordan asam kandis menghasilkan warna Warm Brown, Value cukup terang dan kerataan pada kategori rata, dengan mordan garam menghasilkan warna Pale Cyan, Value cukup gelap dan kerataan pada kategori cukup rata, dengan mordan jeruk nipis menghasilkan warna Warm Brown, Value cukup terang dan kerataan pada kategori cukup rata, dengan mordan kapursirihmenghasilkan100% warna Pale Yellow, Value sangat terang dan kerataan pada kategori kurang rata dan hasil dengan mordan tawas menghasilkan warna Clam Shell Pink dengan Value cukup terang dan kerataan pada kategori sangat rata, Hasil uji Friedman K-Related Sample diperoleh untuk gelap terang warna (Value) adalah 0,000 < 0,05, maka Hₒ ditolak, artinya terdapat pengaruh gelap terang warna yang signifikan dan hasil untuk kerataanwarna, data yang diperoleh adalah 0,000 < 0,05 maka Hₒ ditolak, artinya terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan pada pencelupan ekstrak daun puring (Codiaeum Variegatum) menggunakan mordan asam kandis (Garcinia xanthochymus), garam (Nacl), jeruk nipis (citrus Aurantifolia), kapur sirih (calcium hidroksida) dan tawas pada bahan katun.Kata Kunci: pengaruh, mordan, daun puring.AbstractThis research is motivated as an effort to reduce the negative effects caused by the use of synthetic dyes. One of the plants that can be used as natural coloring agents which is environmentally friendly is croton plant. The results of staining with mordan candis acid produce Warm Brown color, Value is quite bright and flatness in the flat category, with mordan salt producing Pale Cyan color, Value is quite dark and flatness in the category is quite flat, with mordan lime produces Warm Brown color, Value is quite bright and evenness in the category is quite flat, with mordan whiting producing Pale Yellow color, Value is very bright and evenness in the uneven category and results with mordan alum produce color Clam Shell Pink with a light enough value and flatness in the very flat category, the Friedman K-Related Sample test results obtained for light dark colors (Value) is 0,000 <0.05, then Hₒ is rejected, meaning that there is a significant effect of dark light colors and results for color flatness, the data obtained is 0,000 <0.05 then Hₒ is rejected, meaning that there is a significant influence on the dyeing of croton leaf extract (CodiaeumVariegatum) m use mordan candis acid (Garcinia xanthochymus), salt (Nacl), lime (citrus Acurantifolia), betel lime (calcium hydroxide) and alum in cotton.Keywords: influence, mordant, croton..
THE EFFECT OF CIRCUIT GAMES ON THE PHYSICAL FITNESS OF STUDENTS IN RAPPOCINI STATE PRIMARY SCHOOL MAKASSAR
Authors: Juhanis Juhanis , Hasmyati Hasmyati , Benny Benny
Published: January 2020

This research was descriptive research with quantitative approach that aimed to find out; Effects of Games Circuit toward the Physical Fitness Students of Rappocini State Primary School in Makassar. The population was all students of Rappocini State Primary School in Makassar. The samples were all Fifth Grade Students of Rappocini State Primary School in Makassar as many as 30 people. Sampling technique was by purposive sampling technique. Using survey data collection techniques and test measurement. Data analysis technique was descriptive analysis, analysis of t-test by SPSS 21 at significant level α = 0.05. The results of data analysis showed that: the t-test results obtained by value t arithmetic amounted at 26.107 and t table at dk (19) amounted to 2.045 with a significance level of 0.000. There fore the value of t is greater than t table (26.107> 2.045) means no significant effect on the physical fitness of the game circuit on the fifth grade students of Rappocini state primary school in Makassar.
THE EFFECT OF AEROBIC EXERCISE TO THE WEIGHT REDUCTION OF CIVIL SERVANTS WHICH HAVE OVERWEIGHT IN THE EDUCATION OFFICE OF NORTH SUMATERA
Authors: Surbakti Sabar , Nella Dika
Published: January 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was an effect of aerobic exercise on weight loss of Civil Servants who are overweight in the Education Office of North Sumatra. This study used an experimental method which was giving treatment to the sample. The treatment given was in the form of aerobic exercise where the study was lasted for 6 weeks. This study used a pre-test and post-test one group design research design. The population in this study was the State Civil Apparatus in the Education Office of North Sumatra, the PMPTK (Development of Education Quality and Education Personnel Quality) totaling 30 people, 16 women and 14 min, then the research sample was determined by means of a proportional sampling which was sampling using some criteria. Based on these criteria a sample of 10 people was obtained. To test the hypothesis needed research data was obtained through research instruments. The instrument / research used a weight and height scale, the data analysis technique used the t-test statistic with a significance level of 0.05. From the results of the analysis data obtained weight loss with an average of 3.58 with a t-value of 13.6 ~> at Db 9 with a confidence level of 0.05 t-table value was 1.83. T-count t-table (13,671,83), then Ho was rejected and Ha was accepted. Then it was concluded that aerobic exercise gave a significant effect on weight loss in the State Civil Apparatus which was overweight in the Education Office of North Sumatra.
GAMBARAN RE-INJURY ANXIETY PADA ATLET MAHASISWA UNPAD: STUDI KUALITATIF
Authors: Gunawan Nabilla Fazahra , Govinda Putu Satwika Arya , Sukmayanti Sukmayanti , Ninin Retno Hanggarani
Published: January 2020

Cedera menjadi suatu konsekuensi negatif yang pasti dihadapi setiap atlet. Tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa terdapat aspek-aspek psikologis yang terlibat baik ketika cedera itu terjadi ataupun setelah cedera itu terjadi. Re-injury anxiety menjadi salah satu aspek psikologis yang dapat muncul akibat adanya cedera. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana gambaran re-injury anxiety yang terjadi pada atlet mahasiswa. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif. Pemilihan responden dilakukan dengan purposive sampling, dimana responden yang diambil adalah responden memiliki kriteria: (1) Atlet mahasiswa, (2) Pernah mengalami cedera, (3) Melakukan tahapan medis, dan (4) Setelah melakukan tahapan medis diperbolehkan kembali untuk melakukan olahraga yang sama. Kemudian didapatkan responden sebanyak 6 atlet mahasiswa yang terdiri atas 3 responden berasal dari cabang olahraga futsal dan 3 responden berasal dari cabang olahraga voli. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif melalui wawancara. Hasil dari penelitian ini menujukkan bahwa adanya emosi negatif yang disertai dengan gejala-gejala kognitif maupun somatis setelah cedera baik ketika menjalani rehabilitasi maupun ketika kembali berolahraga.
PELATIHAN PADJADJARAN-MAYEROFF CARING PRINCIPLES (PMCP) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENGETAHUAN IBU MENGENAI PRINSIP-PRINSIP PENDAMPINGAN TERHADAP ANAK MILD INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY USIA 7-10 TAHUN
Authors: Pramesti Vindya Anjar , Novianti Langgersari Elsari , Agustiani Hendriati
Published: January 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan guna memperoleh rancangan dan melaksanakan ujicoba program pelatihan Padjadjaran-Mayeroff Caring Principles (PMCP) yang mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu mengenai prinsip pendampingan terhadap anak mild intellectual disability usia 7-10 tahun. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori dasar pendampingan yang disampaikan oleh Milton Mayeroff (1971) sebagai bahan acuan untuk pembuatan modul. Pelatihan dirancang menggunakan pendekatan instructional design, proses validasi dilakukan melalui review oleh dua orang psikolog. Ujicoba pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuasi eksperimen dengan rancangan one group pretest posttest. Ujicoba dilakukan guna memperoleh hasil jika modul yang telah dibuat mampu untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu yang memiliki anak mild intellectual disability. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling; terdapat empat orang ibu yang menjadi responden penelitian ini. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah prinsip pendampingan yang diturunkan dari teori Milton Mayeroff (1971). Alat ukur ini sudah divalidasi oleh dua orang psikolog, diujicoba, dan nilai reliabilitasnya α = 0.904. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan nilai selama mengikuti pelatihan yang ditunjukkan dari nilai pretest dan posttest. Ibu-ibu responden mengalami peningkatan pengetahuan mengenai prinsip-prinsip pendampingan anak dengan mild intellectual disability sebanyak 21%.
The Relevance of Project-Based Lecture in Industrial Revolution 4.0 : Meta – Synthesis Study
Authors: Rokhmawan Tristan , Wulandari Badriyah
Published: January 2020

The researchers conducted a meta-synthesis study of the concept of project-based lectures and the concepts of the development of the IR 4.0 era. The main goal of this study was to examine a rational relationship or relevance between the application of project-based lectures and the development of the educational paradigm in the Industiral Revolution (IR) 4.0 era. The result showed that the seventh project-based lecture features can realize the educational context in the IR 4.0 era. The result Meta-Synthesis in two concepts found seven relevances, namely: 1) Real study and essential supporting in freedom learning, broader learning context 2) Bureaucratic learning, relevant life to support freedom learning. 3) Learning inquiry based on investigative, complex to support students’ independence in learning. 4) Meaningful, social, and collaborative learning to support learning resources and good cooperation in learning. 5) Real-work learning and remember the process, supporting the contextuality and meaningful learning process. 6) Authentic learning and interdisciplinary, supporting the breadth and flexibility in developing knowledge accordance with the world developments. 7) Collaborative learning teachers, supporting of learning partnerships.

Keywords: Project-Based Lectures, Industrial Revolution 4.0, Meta-Sythesis  Study
Two cases of symptomatic common carotid artery occlusion treated by carotid endarterectomy with L-shaped ministernotomy
Authors: Ogawa Shotaro , Ohgaki Fukutaro , Mizuta Ryosuke , Furuta Yasuyuki , Fujitani Shigeta , Fujimoto So , Ota Takahiro
Published: January 2020

Background:

Common carotid artery occlusion (CCAO) is rare. Symptomatic lesions are resistant to medical treatment and revascularization are often required, but there is no consensus on the treatment of CCAO. In this paper, two cases of symptomatic CCAO treated by carotid endarterectomy (CEA) with L-shaped ministernotomy, in which the lesions extended to the beginning part of the CCA, are reported.

Case Description:

Case 1 involved a 74-year-old man who presented with transient left limb numbness and an abnormal right visual field. Cerebrovascular angiography showed that the right CCA was occluded immediately after its origin and blood was supplied from the posterior circulation. CEA was performed with an L-shaped ministernotomy that allowed exposure of the CCA origin with minimal invasion. There were no complications associated with the sternal incision and he was discharged with a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 0. Case 2 involved a 70-year-old man who presented with left half-blindness. Magnetic resonance imaging showed infarction in the right posterior cerebral artery region and neck echo showed CCA pseudo occlusion just before the carotid bulb. A new infarction in the right middle cerebral artery region developed during hospitalization. CEA with partial sternotomy was performed. The patient was rehabilitated with no deterioration of neurological findings and transferred with an mRS score of 3.

Conclusion:

There were no complications resulting from partial sternotomy in the two cases presented. CEA with partial sternotomy could be an effective treatment option for CCAO in which the internal carotid artery is patent and thrombus extends to the proximal CCA.