bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
First Application of Rigless Electrical Submersible Pump Technology in the Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Khade Sudhakar , Givens Rick , Ware Chuck , Hobbs Patrick , Van Der Stad Nils , Bespalov Eugene , Fastovets Andrey
Published: September 2021

An operator planned to install ESPs to overcome high water cut and minimize the gas supply risk for a gas lift completion at a platform in the Gulf of Mexico. The platform is an oil collection point and its continuous operation is essential during any rig-assisted interventions. To maintain platform operation, three wells were selected for deployment of rigless electrical submersible pump (ESP) replacement systems to avoid the future use of a workover rig. The challenge was to allow a single-trip ESP deployment using the crane facilities with existing height limitations.

A special surface connection system was designed to allow long ESP sections to connect under pressure at the wellhead. The technology is based on a propriotery system and method of connecting long strings at the surface using a surface lubricator and an adapted deployment stack. The system elements are located between the pump intake and protector seal sections of a standard ESP string that can easily and economically sourced in most locations. This new technology reduces the number of wireline/slickline runs needed, and the system features allow verification of mechanical connection integrity at the surface prior to deployment in the well.

The successful deployment and commissioning of a rigless ESP replacement system in the SM 130 A-26 well in the Gulf of Mexico was completed in October 2019 without incident. Prior to the deployment of the rigless ESP replacement system, it was decided to perform hydraulic stimulation operations to improve the well productivity. This operation resulted in higher than expected well inflow with increased water cut. At the time of writing this paper, the ESP system had recently failed to start due to stuck pump (possibly scale related). Due to the ability to perform a rigless system upgrade for the unanticipated well inflow conditions, the operator is planning for the first rigless replacement of the existing ESP to achieve higher flow rate during the last quarter of 2021.

The successful deployment of the alternative ESP deployment technology demonstrated the potential to improve the economics of the existing production facilities by reducing production deferment, minimizing health, safety, and environment (HSE) exposure; and improving the asset value. This paper discusses the engineered solution and application of the technology required to deploy long ESP strings, modifications required for the specific well conditions, and the lessons learned during the first successful deployment of rigless ESP technology in the Gulf of Mexico. Due to the performance and capability demonstrated in the first successful installation, Talos Energy has recently installed its second rigless ESP replacement system in a recompleted zone and is planning for installing its third system in the SM 130 field in 2022.
Development and Implementation of an Automated ESP Failure Database and Reliability Analysis Platform
Authors: Rabbitt Robyn , Chacin Jesus
Published: September 2021

Identifying and prioritizing reliability improvement opportunities for ESPs, requires proper consideration of hundreds of parameters that include equipment characteristics, operational conditions, and root cause analyses results (Brookbank, E. B., 1997). One of the main challenges is that this data typically resides in a variety of commercial software products used internally by ConocoPhillips Canada as well as various other repositories such as spreadsheets, PDFs and numerous other internal databases and usually needs to be manually integrated for analysis. A second challenge is how to easily and consistently data mine such an extensive dataset.

This paper presents the approach taken, hurdles faced, and results obtained to effectively address both challenges above. First, a failure database was designed to automatically capture time continuous data flows from various data streams, many of them flowing from commercial software tools but also some via email. To address the second challenge, an advanced visualizations and data analytics layer was developed to mine the database, in order to estimate various reliability and optimization metrics, uncover trends and generate forecasts instantaneously.

Our solution was to create a unique cradle to grave ESP tracking and visualization integrated system, supporting the complete ESP reliability engineering workflow. It includes vendor to operator ESP equipment data transfer, database and nomenclature structure, operational data capture during the life of the ESP and RCA results data capturing via a 3rdparty low-code application development platform (LCADP). A visualization layer for data analytics and reliability metrics was seamlessly integrated through the use of a commercial software analytics and visualization platform (AVP).

Results to date are very encouraging, both in terms of efficiency gains and quality of analysis and results. Consistent use of reliability metrics when used by different members of the production team have been achieved.

Lessons learned during the development and specific examples on how the system is being used are presented, including AVP based trend visualization and failure forecast estimations. Key examples of the value captured with this Failure Database and Visualization Platform are also presented, including improved data quality, increased analytical capabilities and enhanced understanding of reliability improving options. The overall net benefit being optimized ESP life cycle costs.

This development has the potential to be easily extended to other downhole production equipment such as fiber optic strings, liners, flow control devices, steam splitters and other artificial lift methods utilized in SAGD such as progressing cavity pumps.
Challenges of D-SAGD Completion
Authors: Graham John , Hollohan Cody
Published: September 2021

In the production well of a Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) injector-producer well-pair, Direct-to-SAGD (D-SAGD) reservoir steam chamber development and electrical submersible pump (ESP) deployment requires only a single workover, effectively performing the jobs in parallel. This is an improvement over the traditional approach where reservoir steam chamber development and ESP deployment occur sequentially, each requiring a dedicated workover. The D-SAGD completion not only eliminates all costs associated with one workover, but also minimizes the heat energy dissipation that would otherwise occur over several days of steam injection downtime associated with pulling the completion string and installing the artificial lift system, along with decreased time, and increased safety, among other attendant benefits.

Traditionally, an initial completion is performed on the production well to install monitoring instrumentation and a steam injection string, then steam injection occurs through both the injection and production wells for approximately 90 to 120 days. Once the reservoir temperature has reached a predetermined midpoint temperature between the wells, a fall-off test is performed by halting steam injection in both the production and injection wells and monitoring the completion's heat energy distribution profile throughout the length of the liner from heel to toe as the well cools back down toward its steady state temperature. If the results of the fall-off test are satisfactory, then subsequently a second workover is performed to install the ESP into the production well. Lastly, steam injection in the injector well is resumed, and the ESP operation begins.

Given that the single D-SAGD workover achieves both the deployment of instrumentation and the ESP prior to steam chamber development, this implies that the ESP is required to withstand the large temperature and pressure fluctuations inherent to the combination of steam chamber development and fall off testing, all prior to being powered on for production to begin. This represents an unprecedented challenge for ESP seal sections. Among several other novel challenges, if the internal oil volume contraction induced by the deep temperature drop of the fall off test exceeds the capacity of the seal section to compensate for it, then the seal and motor may flood with wellbore fluid prior to the first attempt at turning it on.

This paper discusses the unique challenges associated with the D-SAGD completion as it relates to ESP reliability. A SAGD-spec ESP remaining downhole for several months at unprecedented bottom hole pressure and temperature, and withstanding the associated fall-off test is a meaningful deviation from the conventional SAGD application, and this paper will detail the considerations associated with achieving ESP reliability in a D-SAGD completion that is comparable to that achieved in the conventional SAGD completion.
Covid-19 Infection, Illness and Deaths Among Healthcare Workers in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Ocan Moses , Kawala Brenda Allen , Kisangala Ephraim , Ndagire Regina , Wangi Rachel Nante , Semakula Daniel , Kinengyere Alison Annet , Sewankambo Nelson K. , Katairo Thomas , Okullo Allen Eva , Nalugoda Fred , Namisango Eve , Ouma Kevin Ojiambo , Apunyo Robert , Nakalembe Loyce , Luwambo Ash , Obuku Ekwaro Anthony
Published: September 2021

Background: Globally, health care workers continue to be infected, fall ill and die at the frontline of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) fight, an indicator of inadequate safety in health facilities. This rapid evidence synthesis aims to highlight the impacts of COVID-19 on healthcare workers in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs) in terms of infections, illnesses and deaths. Methods: A systematic review will be done. Article search will be performed by an experienced librarian in PubMed, MEDLINE Ovid, Google Scholar, COVID-END, Cochrane library and targeted search from other relevant sources. MeSH terms and Boolean operators “AND” and “OR” will be used in the article search. Independent reviewers will screen the retrieved articles using a priori criteria. Data abstraction will be done using an excel based abstraction tool and synthesized using structured narratives and summary of findings tables. Discussion and anticipated use of results: This evidence synthesis seeks to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on the healthcare systems of low- and middle-income countries. Information on healthcare worker infections, illness, and deaths due to COVID-19, will be collated from published research articles. This will help guide decision makers in establishing low- cost high impact interventions to mitigate the effects of COVID-19 in the health work force.Protocol registration: PROSPERO CRD 42020204174
Comparison of Retinal Vascular Arcade Trajectory Between Eyes with an Idiopathic Macular Hole and the Healthy Fellow Eye
Authors: Nowroozzadeh M. Hossein , Meshksar Shadi , Azimi Ali , Rasti Ali , Sedaghat Ahad
Published: September 2021

Purpose: We aimed to present a method to evaluate the retinal arcade vascular trajectory by measuring the distance between the retinal veins in eyes with idiopathic macular hole (IMH) and compare this measurement with healthy fellow eyes.Methods: In this Cross-sectional study18 patients with unilateral IMH were enrolled. We used standard fundus photographs, which were obtained from each eye with a digital fundus camera using a 55-degree lens. The calculation of the retinal arcade vascular trajectories was done by drawing and measuring 5 vertical lines within the macular area. Results: The mean age of the patients was 65±9 years. The between-groups differences of each vertical line were not statistically significant, except for the differences between the most temporal line, which was greater in the diseased group (9388 vs. 8322 mm; P=0.034). The ratio between the 5th (most temporal) and the third (fovea-center) vertical lines was greater than 1 (V-shape) in 72% of eyes with a macular hole, whereas it was less than one (U-shape) in 78% of control eyes (P=0.003). Conclusions: We demonstrated that in eyes with an IMH the vascular arcade has more tendency to diverge on its path temporal to the fovea.
The relation of Body Mass Index to Mechanical Properties in Normal and Overweight Individuals
Authors: Usgu Serkan , Ramazanoğlu Engin , Yakut Yavuz
Published: September 2021

Background: The study was to determine the relation of body mass index to muscular mechanical properties in normal and overweight individuals Methods: A total of 172 participants (86 males and 86 females, mean age; 26.00±5.45 years) were participated. The participants were assigned in groups base on BMI classification (normal (BMI=18.50-24.99 kg/m2), overweight (BMI=25.00-29.99 kg/m2). The biceps brachii (BB), biceps femoris (BF) were measured bilaterally using the "MyotonPRO" device. Results: Bilateral BB and BF stiffness, and BB elasticity were found significantly difference between normal and overweight group (p<0.05). Also the only left BB tone was found different (p<0.05) while other mechanical parameters found similar (p>0.05). In sex based BMI sub-categories comprasion; the bilaterally BB and BF stiffness and BF tone were found higher, and only the right BB elasticity was decreased in overweight male group (p<0.05). While the other mechanical parameters were found similar (p<0.05). The right BB stiffness and elasticity were found higher in overweight female group (p<0.05). No statistical difference was found in other parameters for female comparison (p>0.05).A weak positive correlation was found between the right-left BB tone and stiffness and BMI. Also, a weak positive correlation was revealed between the right BB elasticity (p<0.05). No correlation was determined in other mechanical paramaters (p>0.05).Conclusions: The bilateral BB and BF stiffness increased and BB elasticity decreased as BMI increased. The BB and BF mechanical properties were affected more in males than females when BMI considered.
Effect of Reynoutria Japonica and its Extract on Sirt1 in Cisplatin-Induced Renal Injury
Authors: Cao Shangmei , Liu Xiaojing , sun Xinxin , Chen Xixia , Tang Shuifu
Published: September 2021

Background: Mechanisms of drug-induced kidney injury include mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Resveratrol is a natural activator of sirt1 that is related to oxidative stress.Aim: To explore the mechanism of treating drug-induced kidney injury with Reynoutria japonica and its extract (Resveratrol).Design: Fifty adult male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups: blank group, model group, Reynoutria japonica group, resveratrol group and lotensin group. Each group was given the corresponding drug. ACR was measured on the seventh day every week. Creatinine and urea nitrogen were measured on the fourth weekend. All rats were sacrificed on the fourth weekend to detect the relevant indicators in the kidney.Results: At the fourth week, the ACR, Scr and BUN of the Resveratrol group were higher than those of the lotensin group and Reynoutria japonica group (P<0.05). The values of Scr and BUN were lower in the Reynoutria japonica group than in the lotensin group (P<0.05). The levels of SOD, NO, and sirt1 gene and protein expression in the model group and treatment group were lower than those in the blank group, and those in the model group were lower than those in the treatment group (P<0.05). The levels of SOD, NO, and sirt1 gene and protein expression in the Reynoutria japonica group were higher than the lotensin group (P<0.05).Conclusions: The therapeutic effect of the Reynoutria japonica group was better than that of the lotensin group and resveratrol group.
Postoperative complications after major abdominal surgery in preterm infants: A single institute record
Authors: Kumba Claudine
Published: September 2021

Backgrounds: Post-operative complications in pediatric surgery are important issues, especially that after major abdominal surgery for preterm infants: complications sometimes lead to mortality/morbidity even though the surgical procedures were successful. We here attempted to demonstrate and record post-operative complications in preterm infants after major abdominal surgery. This is a secondary analysis of our cohort (n=594) previously reported regarding pediatric postoperative complications (not confined to preterm infants). Methods: Of 594 patients, 25 preterm (born <37 weeks of gestation) infants underwent major abdominal surgery. We identified their characteristics, especially the postoperative complications. The Ethics Committee approved this study.Results: The mean weight was 2.43±0.75 kg. Of 25, nine suffered postoperative complications: postoperative respiratory failure (n=4), pulmonary sepsis (n=2), and the followings were observed in one patient: intra-operative cardiac arrest, wound sepsis, septicemia, and multi-organ sepsis. There was no in-hospital mortality.Conclusion: In preterm infants undergoing major abdominal surgery, the most common postoperative complication was respiratory; respiratory failure and pulmonary sepsis. This data is roughly the same as that observed in the previous studies, which made us reconfirm the importance of the vigilance on respiratory complications in this population.
Scleral Buckling Surgery For Stage 4A and 4B Retinopathy of Prematurity in Critically Ill Neonates.
Authors: Papageorgiou Eleni , Riri Konstantina , Kardaras Dimitrios , Grivea Ioanna , Mataftsi Asimina , Tsironi Evangelia , Androudi Sofia
Published: September 2021

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of scleral buckling in eyes with stage 4A and 4B retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).Methods: Seven eyes of five premature infants underwent scleral buckling for stage 4 ROP in zone II. Five eyes had stage 4A ROP, and two eyes had stage 4B ROP. Six eyes had previous diode laser photocoagulation, and one eye had received an intravitreal ranibizumab injection. Scleral buckling was the procedure of choice due to lack of access to specialized pediatric vitrectomy instrumentation. Average age at surgery was 3.4 months. Postoperative anatomic retinal status, visual acuity outcome and refractive error were assessed. Results: The scleral buckle was removed on average 8 months after surgery. Retinal reattachment was achieved in all seven eyes. At final follow-up one eye had macular ectopia and disc dragging, one eye had a macular traction fold and two eyes had optic disc pallor. Average myopic error after buckle removal was -7.5 D.Conclusion: Scleral buckling can be performed safely and effectively in 4A and 4B stage ROP in critically-ill infants, when access to specialized pediatric vitrectomy instrumentation is limited. This surgical technique may provide adequate relief of vitreoretinal traction with improved visual potential.
Reduction of Leakage from Insertion Site During Continuous Femoral Nerve Block with Catheter-Through-Needle Versus Catheter-Over-Needle Technique for Postoperative Analgesia After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Hattammaru Yoshiyasu , Mio Yasushi , Hascilowicz Tomasz , Utsumi Isao , Murakami Yuichi , Omi Sachiko
Published: September 2021

Background: Continuous femoral nerve block (CFNB) is a common procedure used for postoperative analgesia in total knee arthroplasty. Continuous nerve block using a conventional needle (catheter-through-needle/CTN) is complicated by leakage of the anesthetic from the catheter insertion site. A new type of needle (catheter-over-needle/ CON) is now available, which is believed to reduce leakage as the diameter of the catheter is larger than that of the needle. The purpose of this study was to compare leakage from the catheter insertion site during CFNB when using CTN and CON for postoperative analgesia after total knee arthroplasty (TKA).Methods: This prospective, randomized, single-blinded controlled study included 60 patients who were scheduled for TKA at our facility between May 2016 and November 2017. Patients were randomly allocated to the CTN and CON groups. All patients in the two groups received CFNB and sciatic nerve block for postoperative analgesia. The administration of 0.16% levobupivacaine mixed with 6 mg of indigo carmine ( a dye added to easily identify leakage) was started at 6 ml/h at the end of surgery. The primary outcome was the incidence of leakage from the catheter insertion site. We further investigated the degree of leakage, the incidence of catheter migration, pain scores using the numerical rating scale at 48 hours postoperatively, and the number of days until the operated knee could be flexed 120 degrees postoperatively in both groups. Results: The CON group had a significantly lower incidence of leakage from the catheter insertion site. There were no significant differences in other measurement outcomes.Conclusions: Use of CON reduces the incidence of leakage from the catheter insertion site during CFNB in the use of postoperative analgesia for total knee arthroplasty. Future research is needed to determine additional benefits of using CON related to decreased leakage. Trial registration: The study was registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN) Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000021537), prospectively registered on 18 March 2016.
Suppressive Effect of α-mangostin for Cancer Stem Cells in Colorectal Cancer via the Notch Pathway
Authors: Jo Min Kyoung , Moon Chang Mo , Kim Eun Ju , Kwan Jee Hee , Fei Xiang , Kim Seong-Eun , Jung Sung-Ae , Kim Minsuk , Mun Yeung-Chul , Anh Young-Ho , Seo Seung-Yong , Kim Tae Il
Published: September 2021

Background: Since colon cancer stem cells (CSCs) play an important role in chemoresistance and in tumor recurrence and metastasis, targeting of CSCs has emerged as a sophisticated strategy for cancer therapy. α-mangostin (αM) has been confirmed to have antiproliferative and apoptotic effects on cancer cells. This study aimed to evaluate the selective inhibition of αM on CSCs in colorectal cancer (CRC) and the suppressive effect on 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced CSCs. Methods: The cell viability assay was performed to determine the optimal concentration of αM. A sphere forming assay and flow cytometry with CSC markers were carried out to evaluate the αM-mediated inhibition of CSCs. Western blot analysis and quantitative real-time PCR were performed to investigate the effects of αM on the Notch signaling pathway and colon CSCs. The in vivo anticancer efficacy of αM in combination with 5-FU was investigated using a xenograft mouse model. Results: αM inhibited the cell viability and reduced the number of spheres in HT29 and SW620 cells. αM treatment decreased CSCs and suppressed the 5-FU-induced an increase in CSCs on flow cytometry. αM markedly suppressed Notch1, NICD1, and Hes1 in the Notch signaling pathway in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Moreover, αM attenuated CSC markers CD44 and CD133, in a manner similar to that upon DAPT treatment, in HT29 cells. In xenograft mice, the tumor and CSC makers were suppressed in the αM group and in the αM group with 5-FU treatment. Conclusion: This study shows that low-dose αM inhibits CSCs in CRC and suppresses 5-FU–induced augmentation of CSCs via the Notch signaling pathway.
Safety of Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine Versus Artemether-Lumefantrine For the Treatment of Uncomplicated Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria Among Children in Africa: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Control Trials
Authors: Assefa Dawit Getachew , Yismaw Gizachew , Makonnen Eyasu
Published: September 2021

Background: The efficacies of artemisinin based combinations have been excellent in Africa, but little or no attention has been given to their safety. The aim of this review was to synthesize available evidence on the safety of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHA-PQ) compared to artemether-lumefantrine (AL) for the treatment of uncomplicated P.falciparum malaria among children in Africa.Method: A systematic literature search was done to identify relevant articles from online databases PubMed/ MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Center for Clinical Trial database (CENTRAL) for retrieving randomized control trials comparing safety of DHA-PQ and AL for treatment of uncomplicated P.falciparum malaria among children in Africa. The search was performed from August 2020 to 30 April 2021. Using Rev-Man software (V5.4.1), the extracted data from eligible studies were pooled as risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI).Result: In this review, 18 studies were included, which involved 10,498 participants were included. Compared to AL, DHA-PQ was associated with a slightly higher frequency of early vomiting (RR 2.26, 95% CI 1.46 to 3.50; participants = 7796; studies = 10; I2 = 0%, high quality of evidence), cough (RR 1.06, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.11; participants = 8013; studies = 13; I2 = 0%, high quality of evidence), and diarrhea (RR 1.16, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.31; participants = 6841; studies = 11; I2 = 8%, high quality of evidence) were more frequent in DHA-PQ treatment arm. Conclusion: From this review, it can be concluded that early vomiting, diarrhea, and cough were significantly more frequent in patients who were treated with the DHA-PQ than that of AL, and both drugs are well tolerated. More studies comparing AL with DHA-PQ are needed to determine the comparative safety of these drugs.
The Impact of SOD3 on Prostatic Diseases: Elevated SOD3 Serves as a Novel Biomarker for the Diagnosis of Chronic Nonbacterial Prostatitis
Authors: Zheng Shengfeng , Li Hongtao , Lin Xuandong , Gan Xiang , Xiao Shengjun , Liu Jiayi , Xie Zhibin , Lin Zhidi , Song Weiru , Wang Xiao , Li Meiqing , Lan Yue , Zhang Mingjing , Fu Weijin , Yang Xiaoli
Published: September 2021

BACKGROUND: Prostate is the most common gland for the three major diseases in male, such as chronic nonbacterial prostatitis (CNP), benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCa). However, there is lack of ideal biomarker for diagnosis with prostatic diseases, especially CNP. METHODS AND RESULTS: Extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3) levels in serum or expressed prostatic secretion (EPS) with CNP, and in the prostate tissues of rat CNP modules, BPH, and PCa was quantified, which showed that SOD3 was significantly increased in CNP and BPH, but decreased in PCa compared to controls. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis suggested that SOD3 was an efficient diagnosis biomarker discriminating CNP versus normal controls (accuracy= 0.831, 95%CI: 0.726-0.937, P＜0.001), CNP III versus CNP IV (accuracy=0.868, 95%CI: 0.716-0.940, P＜0.001). SOD3 were associated with the clinical characteristics of patients with CNP including pelvic pain, blood pressure, and lecithin/leukocyte in EPS. Multiple bioinformatic analysis showed that SOD3 mainly participated in superoxide radicals degradation, apoptotic execution phase, and mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition, etc. Furthermore, the structural features of SOD3 and the interacting proteins were evaluated by molecular docking, and hotspot analysis indicated that better affinities between SOD3 and its interacting molecules were associated with the presence of Arginine (Arg) in the binding site. CONCLUSIONS: According to the results, it can be concluded that SOD3 plays an important role in prostatic diseases, and it may potentially serve as an ideal diagnostic biomarker for CNP.
Finding the Optimal Regimen for Short-Term Daily Recombinant Human Erythropoietin Treatment for Blood-Saving Purpose in Patients undergoing Unilateral Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Double-Blinded Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
Authors: Yuan Mingcheng , Tao Qifeng , Wang Duan , Wang Haoyang , Zhou Zongke
Published: September 2021

Purpose: To find the best short-term daily rhEPO-based treatment protocols for blood-saving purpose in THA.Method: The patients were randomized to 1 of 3 interventions: Patients in group A received 10,000 IU (150IU/kg) of subcutaneous rhEPO (1 ml) daily from 5 days preoperatively to 3 days postoperatively (9 doses in total); Patients in group B received 1 ml of subcutaneous normal saline daily from 5 days preoperatively to 4 days preoperatively and then 10,000 IU (150IU/kg) of subcutaneous rhEPO daily till 3 days postoperatively (6 doses in total). Patients in group C received 1 ml of subcutaneous normal saline daily from 5 days preoperatively to one day preoperatively and then 10,000 IU (150IU/kg) of subcutaneous rhEPO daily from the day of surgery to 3 days postoperatively (4 doses in total). Results: 180 patients were included. On postoperative day one, patients in the group A showed significantly higher Hb level (108.4±11.4 g/L) than group B and C (107.8±8.4 and 103.9±8.8 g/L, respectively) (p<0.001), the Hb level in group B was also markedly higher than in group C (p=0.045). On postoperative day 3, no significant difference was found between group B and C in Hb level (98.7±10.5 and 94.9±8.7 g/L, respectively) (p=0.094), but the Hb level in group A (103.6±11.0 g/L) was still markedly higher than in group B and C. In terms of blood loss, no markedly difference was found in intraoperative blood loss among group A, B and C (78.3±22.4, 84.6±29.1, and 80.3±23.9 ml, respectively) (p=0.381), but on postoperative day one, the mean blood loss was significantly more in groups B and C (371.2±124.6, and 522.4±189.4 ml, respectively) than in group A (284.8±112.9 ml) (p<0.001), and group B had significantly less blood loss than group C (p<0.001). With respect to the total blood loss, group B and C had markedly more total blood loss (642.6±232.9, and 881.6±314.9 ml, respectively) than group A (514.5±204.6 ml) and group B had significantly less blood loss than group C (p<0.001) (Table 2). Only 2 patients in each group received allogeneic blood transfusion and each patient received 2 units of red blood cells, so, the transfusion requirements among the three groups were comparable.Conclusions: Daily small-dose of subcutaneous rhEPO administered from 5 days before THA could significantly decrease perioperative blood loss and improve postoperative Hb levels, without increasing risks of complications, when compared with the application of rhEPO from 3 days before THA or from the day of surgery. Therefore, we recommend the more practical and highly effective therapeutic regimen of small-dose of subcutaneous rhEPO daily from 5 days preoperatively to 3 days postoperatively for patients scheduled for THA.
The Efficacy of Gasless Reduced-port Laparoscopic Surgery for Gynecological Diseases
Authors: Ito Hiroe , Kojima Junya , Sagawa Yasukazu , Akaeda Tomoyoshi , Isaka Keiichi
Published: September 2021

Objective

The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of gasless reduced-port laparoscopic surgery (GRP-LS) using a 5 mm endoscopic port and one surgical port for the treatment of gynecological diseases
Methods

We compared GRP-LS and gasless 3-port laparoscopic surgery (G3P-LS), based on patient background, operative procedures, number of surgeries performed by the surgeon, length of surgery, blood loss, blood transfusion, conversion rate to open surgery, operative complications, and the number of surgeons involved in the procedure. We compared the two techniques in patients being treated for laparoscopic myomectomy (LM), laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy (LC), and laparoscopic salpingectomy (LT).
Results

GRP-LS was used in 2,338 cases and G3P-LS in 2,473 cases. GRP-LS was used in 980 LM cases (41.9%); 804 LC cases (34.4%); 240 LT cases (10.3%); 180 LA cases (7.7%); and 134 cases for other conditions (5.7%). GRP-LS was used by 78 surgeons; 85.9% of the surgeons had performed fewer than 50 GRP-LS surgeries in their careers; and those surgeons performed about half of all surgeries. The time required for GRP-LS was significantly less for LM, LC, LT, and the procedure also had less blood loss for LM and LC than G3P-LS. G3P-LS required a transition to open surgery in 0.69% of cases, whereas GRP-LS showed a very low rate of 0.09%.
Conclusions

GRP-LS is a new type of laparoscopic surgery that has overcome disadvantages of the previous lifting methods (G3P-LS) and is easier to learn, allowing inexperienced laparoscopic surgeons to effectively perform the surgery.
Multi-Attribute Access Selection Algorithm for Heterogeneous Wireless Networks Based On Uncertain Network Attribute Values
Authors: Guo Xiaoxue , Omar Mohd. Hasbullah , Zaini Khuzairi Mohd , Gong Jianfeng , Fang Jingcheng , Liang Gen
Published: September 2021

A heterogeneous wireless network (HWN) environment contains many kinds of wireless networks, such as UMTS, LTE, and WLAN, where users move around within their coverage area. How to ensure mobile users select the most suitable network is a hot research topic for HWNs. While traditional access selection algorithms assume that mobile users can obtain accurate network attribute values, the network attribute values obtained by mobile users are often uncertain due to the mobility of users, the interference of wireless signals, and the fluctuation of the network state. To solve this problem, this paper designs an access selection algorithm for HWNs in the context of inaccurate network attribute values. First, the algorithm calculates the network attribute values based on the hesitant fuzzy theory, then calculates the weights of network attributes using the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP), and finally sorts the candidate networks using the hesitant fuzzy technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) method. The simulation results show the proposed algorithm enables users to select the most suitable network to access under the inaccurate network attribute environment and obtain higher gains.
House Price Prediction Model Based on Neural Network
Authors: Wang chusheng
Published: September 2021

Through an in-depth understanding of house price prediction issues, the paper aims to establish a BP neural network model for house price prediction based on ideas and methods of the BP neural network. By the BP neural network method, the paper realizes sorting, statistics, and analysis of house prices in Chongqing for 10 years as well as the main factor analysis of house prices. Then, correlative analysis is conducted with the software on house prices and their influential factors. Significant correlations are manifested. MATLAB was used to compile relevant programs and a BP neural network model was established for prediction and verification of house prices. Through the market survey, house prices are finally predicted by software.
Examining Factors Related to the Autism Spectrum Disorder Training of Graduate Programs Approved By the National Association of School Psychologists
Authors: Ruark Chelsey
Published: September 2021

More and more students are being identified with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and they often require evidence-based practices for assessments and interventions in the school setting. However, many school psychologists do not have extensive graduate training in ASD, even though they are often required to provide these services. This study explored the websites of programs approved by the National Association of School Psychologists to examine the relationship between ASD-specific course requirements with program faculty experience and program level. NASP-approved graduate programs were gathered and coded for program level, the number of faculty with ASD-related experience, and the number of ASD-specific courses. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the results of the data collected from the 192 NASP-approved programs. Results from the regression show that faculty with ASD-related experience and training program level account for 9.4% of the variance in ASD-specific courses. There was a significant and positive correlation between ASD-specific courses and faculty with ASD-related experience, as well as between ASD-specific courses and training programs with both specialist- and doctoral-levels. These findings align with previous literature on the lack of graduate training in ASD, as well as the impact of faculty on this training availability. It is suggested that programs incorporate more ASD training in their curriculum to better support school psychology practitioners while working with students on the spectrum in schools.
Environmental Governance Effect of the Transformation of Export Trade Mode: Empirical Evidence from 194 Cities in China
Authors: Li guangqin , Fang Xubing , Liu Maotao
Published: September 2021

As one of the developing countries, China's export trade mode (ETM) has gradually shifted from processing trade to general trade. Is the deterioration of China's environmental pollution caused by the transformation of ETM? Based on the panel data from 194 cities in China from 2000 to 2016, this paper investigates the impact of ETM transformation on the environmental pollution and its internal mechanism. The results show that: the ETM is gradually shifting from processing trade to general trade, environmental pollution will deteriorate first and then improve, that is, showing a significant “inverted U-shaped” relationship between the transformation of ETM and environmental pollution. Through the robustness test of the threshold, and SYS-GMM model, the results are still valid. The mechanism research shows that the upgrading of industrial structure, energy structure, industrial agglomeration, environmental protection investment and resource allocation are the main mechanism that the transformation of ETM affect environmental pollution. The conclusions of this study can provide empirical evidence for the process that the environmental pollution level of developing countries deteriorated and then improved during the process of transforming from processing export trade to general export trade.
Change In the Level of Microseismic Noise During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Russian Far East
Authors: Boginskaya Natalya , Kostylev Dmitry
Published: September 2021

With the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, many seismologists all over the world have noted a sharp (up to 30-50%) decrease in the daily background seismic noise during the period from March to May, 2020 [Lecocqetal., 2020]. The authors studied the influence of the self-isolation regime introduced in the Russian Federation from March 30, 2020 [On the declaring ..., 2020] and, as a consequence, the restriction of the work of public institutions and the mobility of the population, on the quality of seismological observations at seismic stations in large cities of the Russian Far East for the period from March 23, 2020 to April 12, 2020. The work analyses the records of seismic noise by the seismic stations of Khabarovsk and Vladivostok located in busy parts of the cities and, accordingly, strongly influenced by anthropogenic impact, as well as it analyses the records of the Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk seismic station located in the relatively «calm» part of the city. Power spectra and temporal variations of microseismic noise levels for the listed above seismic stations were constructed based on the data of broadband seismometers records in the range of 1-20 Hz. The analysis of noise level variations with the data on the population mobility was carried out on the basis of self-isolation index by Yandex, which shows the level of town activity over a selected period. The main sources of the increased microseismic noise at seismic stations were identified.
Emergency Department Visits and Trends Related to Cocaine, Psychostimulants, and Opioids in the United States, 2008-2018
Authors: Suen Leslie W. , Davy-Mendez Thibaut , LeSaint Kathy T. , Riley Elise D. , Coffin Phillip
Published: September 2021

Background
Drug-related emergency department (ED) visits are escalating, especially for stimulant use (i.e., cocaine and psychostimulants such as methamphetamine). We sought to characterize rates, presentation, and management of US ED visits related to cocaine and psychostimulant use, compared to opioid use.
Methods
We used 2008–2018 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey data to identify a nationally representative sample of ED visits related to cocaine and psychostimulant use, with opioids as the comparator. We excluded visits related to ≥2 of the three possible drug categories. We estimated annual rate trends using unadjusted Poisson regression; described demographics, presenting concerns, and management; and determined associations between drug-type and presenting concerns (categorized as psychiatric, neurologic, cardiopulmonary, and drug toxicity/withdrawal) using logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and homelessness.
Results
Cocaine-related ED visits did not significantly increase, while psychostimulant-related ED visits increased from 2008 to 2018 (2.2 visits per 10,000 population to 12.9 visits per 10,000 population; p < 0.001). Cocaine-related ED visits had higher usage of cardiac testing, while psychostimulant-related ED visits had higher usage of chemical restraints than opioid-related ED visits. Cocaine- and psychostimulant-related ED visits had greater odds of presenting with cardiopulmonary concerns (cocaine adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.95, 95% CI 1.70–5.13; psychostimulant aOR 2.46, 95% CI 1.42–4.26), while psychostimulant-related visits had greater odds of presenting with psychiatric concerns (aOR 2.69; 95% CI 1.83–3.95) and lower odds of presenting with drug toxicity/withdrawal concerns (aOR 0.47, 95%CI 0.30–0.73) compared to opioid-related ED visits.
Conclusion
Presentations for stimulant-related ED visits differ from opioid-related ED visits: compared to opioids, ED presentations related to cocaine and psychostimulants are less often identified as related to drug toxicity/withdrawal and more often require interventions to address acute cardiopulmonary and psychiatric complications.
Stretchable, Sensitive, And Environment-Tolerant Ionic Conductive Organohydrogel Reinforced With Cellulose Nanofibers For Human Motion Monitoring
Authors: li Miao , Yang Yutong , Yue Chengbin , Song Yongming , Manzo Maurizio , Huang Zhenhua , Cai Liping
Published: September 2021

Conductive hydrogel (CH) strain sensors have made significant progress in wearable electronic products in recent years. However, the use of aqueous solvents as the dispersion medium in CHs largely limits the scope of applications of CHs and impedes the combination of the mechanical properties and ionic conductivity, which is urgently desired to be addressed. Herein, a simple one-pot preparation of anti-freezing, anti-drying ionic CHs with high stretchability (up to 869%), toughness (6.60 MJ/m3), and Young's modulus (0.56 MPa) was proposed. These CHs consist of polyvinyl alcohol, tannic acid, and sodium chloride dispersed in a solvent consisting of glycerol and cellulose nanofiber suspension. The thus-synthesized CHs exhibit good ionic conductivity (~ 0.86 S/m) and strain sensitivity (gauge factor of 8.54). The organohydrogel possesses a sensitive strain sensing capability and a wide-working temperature range (-50°C to 60°C), and good stability (30 d in room-temperature) to detect human movement, such as large (joint movement) and subtle movements (voice in the throat). These advantages allow organohydrogel sensors to show great potential for electronic skin, personal healthcare, and flexible wearable devices.
The Psychological Impact of Paediatric Burn Injuries: a Systematic Review
Authors: Woolard Alix , Hill Nicole T M , McQueen Matthew , Martin Lisa , Milroy Helen , Wood Fiona M , Bullman Indijah , Lin Ashleigh
Published: September 2021

Title: The psychological impact of paediatric burn injuries: a systematic reviewObjective To review and synthesise qualitative literature regarding the psychological outcomes following paediatric burn injuries, and to determine if children and adolescents who experience a burn injury have elevated risk of psychopathology following the injury.Design: Systematic review of quantitative and qualitative studies.Data sources: Informit health, Medline, Embase, and PsycINFO were searched from January 2010 to December 2020.Data extraction and synthesis: Two reviewers screened articles, and one reviewer extracted data (with cross-checking from another reviewer) from the included studies and assessed quality using an established tool. Narrative synthesis was used to synthesise the findings from the quantitative studies, and thematic synthesis was used to synthesise the findings of included qualitative studies.Results: Searches yielded 1240 unique titles, with 130 retained for full-text screening. Forty-five studies from 17 countries were included. The psychological outcomes included in the studies were mental health diagnoses, medication for mental illness, depression, anxiety, stress, fear, post-traumatic stress, post-traumatic growth, emotional issues, self-harm, self-esteem, self-concept, stigmatisation, quality of life, level of disability, resilience, coping, and suicidality.Conclusions: Our findings highlight paediatric burn patients as a particularly vulnerable population following the burn injury. Studies suggest elevated anxiety and traumatic stress symptoms, and higher rates of psychopathology in the long-term. Further research is recommended to determine the psychological outcomes in the other mental health domains highlighted in this review, as findings were mixed.Clinical care teams responsible for the aftercare of burn patients should involve psychological support for the children and families to improve outcomes.
Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Psychological Outcomes: Multiple Indicators and Multiple Causes (MIMIC) Modeling
Authors: Aljaberi Musheer A. , Alareqe Naser A. , Qasem Mousa A. , Alsalahi Abdulsamad , Noman Sarah , Uzir Md. Uzir Hossain , Mohammed Lubna Ali , Hamat Rukman Awang
Published: September 2021

Background: Due to the limited research examining the psychological impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), our study aims to investigate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on psychological outcomes and assess the differences between participants with and without post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on the psychological outcomes as latent factors and items. Methods: An online survey was conducted on 999 participants. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) assessed the psychological impact, while outcomes were measured by Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). A series of Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), structural equation model (SEM), Multiple Indicators and Multiple Causes (MIMIC), and Differential Item Functioning (DIF) were conducted. Results: The IES-R has significant effects on the psychological outcomes. Participants with PTSD have a higher impact on latent factors (depression, anxiety, and insomnia) than those without PTSD. Among participants, 36.5% experienced moderate to severe symptoms of depression, and 32.6% had mild depressive symptoms. For anxiety, 23.7% of respondents experienced moderate to severe anxiety symptoms, and 33.1% had mild symptoms of anxiety. For the ISI, 51.5% of participants experienced symptoms of insomnia. Conclusion: the IES-R for COVID-19 has a significant impact on depression, anxiety, and insomnia at the level of latent constructs and observed variables.