bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Social Exclusion on the Inferiority Feeling of Community Youth
Authors: Shen Huadong , Li Mu , Li Li
Published: July 2022

Background: Inferiority feeling leads to the negative reactions such as depression and anxiety among community youth, social exclusion also forms their negative emotions due to the alienation of social relations. We aimed to explore the effect of social exclusion on the inferiority feeling of community youth.
Methods: In December 2021, a total of 681 community youth from Wuhan in China were selected as the research object. They were evaluated using a social exclusion scale, inferiority scale, and rumination scale, respectively. The mediating effect of rumination on the relationship between social exclusion and inferiority of community youth was tested by using structural equation model and bootstrap test.
Results: The scores of social exclusion, inferiority complex, and rumination were positively correlated (P<0.05). The mediation effect test showed that the mediation hypothesis model had a relatively good fitting index. Social exclusion was a positive predictor of rumination, and rumination was a positive predictor of inferiority. Ruminant thinking had a significant partial mediating effect in the relationship between social exclusion and inferiority feeling, the indirect effect was 0.078, the direct effect was 0.04, the total effect was 0.118, and the ratio of direct effect to indirect effect was approximately 1:2. Therefore, social exclusion exerted the influence on inferiority through rumination.
Conclusion: Social exclusion positively affects the inferiority feeling of community youth through the mediating effect of rumination thinking. The health prevention of community youth’s inferiority feeling should not only prevent the negative impact of social exclusion but also strengthen the cultivation of rumination thinking.
Potential Influence of Exercise-Induced Rhabdomyolysis by Branched-Chain Amino Acid Supplementation
Authors: Jeon Yong-Kyun , Choi Jaeil , Sung Dong-Jun
Published: July 2022

The Article Abstract is not available.
SPINE20 – A global advocacy group to reduce disability and improve function of spine patients
Authors: Nordin Margareta
Published: July 2022

This is a Short Communication and does not have an abstract. Please download the PDF or view the article HTML.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Self-compassion Treatment, Self-compassion based on Monotheistic Teachings, and Treatment based on Acceptance and Commitment on Happiness and Quality of Life of Depressed Married Women
Authors: Sedrpoushan Najmeh , Tashakori Amid
Published: July 2022

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of three approaches of self-compassion treatment, compassion based on religious teachings, and treatment based on acceptance and commitment to reduce depression in married women.
Methods: The present study was performed through quasi-experimental method of pre-test and post-test using three experimental groups and one control group. The statistical population of the study was all women referred to counseling centers in Yazd in the year 2020 who were diagnosed with depression. The sample size was 40 people who were selected through available sampling method and randomly assigned to three experimental groups and one control group. In order to measure the happiness and quality of life in the sample, Life satisfaction Scale of Diner et al. (1985), and the Oxford Happiness Scale of Argyle and Lou (1989) were used. In order to analyze the research data, the analysis of covariance was used.
Results: The analysis of the findings showed that all three treatments were effective in improving happiness (F=33.25 and effect size, 0.792) and quality of life (F= 89.38 and effect size, 0.911) in women (P<0/01). Also, the results of pairwise comparison of the groups showed that the treatments used in increasing happiness were not significantly different from each other, but compassion treatment based on religious teachings was more effective in improving women's quality of life than the other two treatments (P<0.01). All three methods are effective in increasing happiness and improving the quality of life of depressed married women.
Investigating the Effectiveness of Combining Contextual and Structural Family Therapies on Cohesion and Coping Strategies of Couples with Marital Dissatisfaction
Authors: Farazi Zahra , Namani Ebrahim , Nejat Hamid , Safarian Mohammadreza
Published: July 2022

Aim: The present study aimed at investigating the effectiveness of combining contextual and structural family therapies on cohesion and coping strategies of couples with marital dissatisfaction.
Methods: This ‎experimental ‎research study utilized a pretest-‎posttest and two-month follow-‎up, with ‎control group design. The research population consisted of all couples with marital dissatisfaction who referred to family counseling centers in city of Birjand during the first 6 months of 2019. Furthermore, 20 couples with marital dissatisfaction were selected as the participants of the study using convenience and purposive sampling and were randomly assigned to either the experimental or control groups (10 couples in each group). The experimental group received the treatment for ten 90-minute weekly ‎sessions and the control group received no intervention during this time. The research instruments included the Lazarus and Folkman (1988) Coping Strategies Questionnaire and The Olson, Portner and Levy (1996) Cohesion Questionnaire, which were administered to the participants in the pretest, post-test and follow-up. To analyze the data, repeated-measures ‎ANOVA‎ was used.
Results: The research findings demonstrated that the combination of contextual and structural family therapies was effective regarding cohesion and coping strategies of couples with marital unsatisfaction. It should be noted that the persistence of the treatment effect was maintained after two months (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, it can be concluded that the combination of contextual and structural family therapies increased cohesion and problem-oriented coping strategies of maladjusted couples in the experimental group, compared to the control group.
Irregular Menstruation, Acne, Hirsutism, and the Possibility with PCOS
Authors: Apriliana Dian Nur , Restiana Refia Putri , Dalope Irene Yemima , Perdana Andhika Ardi , Widiyasa Arie
Published: July 2022

Background: PCOS was a common hormonal disorder caused by hyperandrogenism so the ovaries enlarged with many small follicles appear like cysts. The aetiology still unknown, but mounting evidence suggests that can be complex multigenic disorder with strong epigenetic and environmental influences. Therapeutic options include combined oral contraception, antiandrogens, etc.
Case Presentation: Ms. N, 17 years old, came to polyclinic of RSAL Mintohardjo evaluated for amenorrhea. Her parents didn’t have comorbid conditions. The patient started Menarche at the age of 14, soon thereafter developed a secondary amenorrhea. On examination her BMI was 18.4kg/m², pulse-92/min and BP-115/80 mm of hg. She had a hirsute score (Ferriman-Gallway) of 8 and had no acanthosis nigricans. No abnormality on the other systemic examination and no laboratory tests were carried out. Patient given with combination hormonal pills. Hormonal birth control can help with PCOS symptoms, but it is not the only option. Lifestyle changes, such as losing weight and exercising more, may help.
Discussion: PCOS involves primary defects in hypothalamic–pituitary axis, insulin, and ovarian function. Excess LH levels lead to hyperandrogenism in PCOS.
Conclusion: All women with abnormal menstrual patterns should be evaluated for underlying PCOS, signs of hyperandrogenism, hormone profile, and pelvic ultrasonography to visualize the ovaries. Early diagnosis and treatment can avoid potential complications. Birth control pills (combined hormonal) can used for long-term treatment in women who didn’t want to pregnant. The birth control pills may help regulate menstrual bleeding, reduce excessive hair growth and acne, and decrease the risk of endometrial cancer.
Performance and economic consideration of broiler chickens fed enzyme supplemented cassava fibre meal
Authors:   Adeyemi Federal University of Education, Ogunsipe MH , Akinyele SA , Oyewole NO , Ibidapo I
Published: July 2022

The search for alternative energy source to substitute for the expensive conventional energy feed resources in broiler chicken diet is the driving force of this study. Thus, the study assessed the performance and economics of the production of broiler chickens fed enzyme supplemented cassava fibre meal (CFM) in a 56-day feeding trial. A batch of three hundred and sixty (360) day-old Arbor acre broiler-chicks was allotted to twelve (12) diets replicated five (5) times of six (6) birds in a complete randomization. Cassava fibre was sun dried for 5 days with constant turning to prevent fermentation, reduce the moisture content and possibly reduce the cyanide content. Proximate composition, phytochemical components and cyanide contents were determined using appropriate standard methods. Cassava fibre meal was substituted for maize at 0, 20, 40, and 60% levels and Roxazyme® G2 supplementation was at 0, 100 and 200 mg/kg. Data collected on feed intake and weight gain were analysed using the General Linear Model (GLM), and differences in means where observed were separated using Duncan option of the SPSS 2006 version 15.0. The Economics of broiler chicken production was determined using economic tools such as gross margin and economic efficiency analyses. Results showed that CFM contained appreciable levels of nutrients that could promote broiler growth when substituted at optimum level as an energy source in broiler chicken diet. Substitution of CFM at 40 and 60% levels for maize led to a decrease (p<0.05) in weight gain and feed conversion of broiler chickens. Feed intake and weight gain were not influenced by dietary substitution of CFM for maize in the broiler starter and broiler finisher stages of growth. The effect of enzyme supplementation was not significant in the birds’ physiological growth at both starter and finisher stages. The effect of interaction was not significant (p>0.05) indicating that birds’ performance were not dependent on the two factors under investigation. Economics of broiler chicken production revealed that total cost was lower in birds fed CFM with or without enzyme supplementation compared with those fed the maize-based diets. Net revenue, economic efficiency and profitability ratio analysis showed better economic viability and profitability in birds fed CFM with or without enzyme supplementation compared with those fed maize-based diets. Key words: Broiler chickens, Cassava fibre meal, Profitability ratio, Roxazyme® G2, Weight gain
Preparers’ readiness for ESEF reporting: Early evidence from the Warsaw Stock Exchange
Authors: Miścikowska Daria
Published: July 2022

Due to the recent introduction of the European Single Electronic Format (ESEF) in the European Union (EU), the study aims to explore the readiness of issuers of securities traded on EU-regulated markets to report their annual consolidated financial statements prepared under International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) using the Inline XBRL technology. The paper also offers preliminary insights into their selection of Inline XBRL implementation strategies. The study was conducted in the form of an online survey, with evidence being solicited from issuers of securities listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange in Poland, whose financial reports were prepared in conformity with IFRS. In doing so, 35 representatives of public companies participated in our study, 25 of whom correctly completed the questionnaires. The results reveal that during the time frame of the study, the vast majority of surveyed organizations have already been in the process of adjusting their corporate procedures, practices, and infrastructures to the ESEF reporting requirements. In the context of theoretical preparedness, one of the significant findings to emerge from this study is that respondents acquired their expert knowledge in the field of ESEF mainly from webinars, conferences, training courses, and workshops. In turn, relating to practical readiness, the results indicate that respondents intended to use off-the-shelf tools or employ third-party service providers to produce Inline XBRL instance documents. Their decision to choose Inline XBRL implementation strategies, based on outsourcing and the bolt-on approach, aimed to comply with new regulations or to prevent modification of existing corporate reporting procedures and practices. Therefore, this study contributes to prior literature on XBRL and Inline XBRL standards adoption as well as implementation by focusing on the perspective of actors directly involved in the mandatory transition to the ESEF reporting regime.
La expresión del sujeto pronominal en el español hablado del Caribe colombiano
Authors: Pérez Córdoba Alder Luis , Camacho Roberto
Published: July 2022

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar los condicionantes sociolingüísticos que motivan la expresión del sujeto pronominal en el español hablado en el Caribe colombiano. La muestra estuvo constituida por grabaciones de 18 informantes por cada corpus sociolingüístico (Barranquilla, Cartagena y Valledupar), que conforman la variedad hablada en el Caribe colombiano, recolectados con base en la metodología del PRESEEA. Los casos se adecuaron a la guía de codificación de la variable expresión del sujeto pronominal del PRESEEA. El análisis cuantitativo se realizó con el programa Rbrul. La similitud observada en un preliminar estudio contrastivo de las variedades y la exclusión del predictor subdialecto revelan la coherencia del dialecto en cuanto a la expresión pronominal. Los resultados evidencian una alta tasa de expresión pronominal (de 44.2 %) para la variedad analizada, lo que la incluye entre las caribeñas. El análisis multivariado demostró que nueve variables lingüísticas y dos sociales desempeñan un papel significativo en la variación pronominal y confirman la fuerte y compleja influencia de factores lingüísticos, mucho más que sociales, sobre la variable.
Sobre la innovación de diccionarios en el contexto de la convergencia mediática
Authors: Luan Yun
Published: July 2022

La digitalización y la comunicación por internet se han integrado en todos los niveles del desarrollo social, y la convergencia mediática se ha convertido en una tendencia inevitable en el procesamiento y la difusión de la información. En este trabajo se estudia el mecanismo de innovación en la compilación y publicación de diccionarios mediante la confluencia y colaboración entre los medios de comunicación, que incluyen: (1) los nuevos métodos y tendencias de compilación de diccionarios, (2) las características y el enfoque de la convergencia mediática para lalexicografía, (3) la estructura y función de los diccionarios basados en la convergencia mediática, (4) la innovación de las organizaciones lexicográficas. Los resultados de la investigación muestran que la convergencia mediática ofrece una gran oportunidad para la transformación digital de los diccionarios, de ahí la importancia de adoptar este  enfoque para producir textos lexicográficos multimodales que puedan ser consultadosy mostrados a través de diversos medios de comunicación y terminales digitales.
Evaluación de la estabilidad física, química e hidrológica, para el cierre definitivo, del depósito de desmonte N8-PO, aplicando un modelo numérico, Huancavelica 2019
Authors:   , Panez Cotillo Alcides Elvis
Published: July 2022

En el Perú, la minería es una de las actividades importantes en el desarrollo del crecimiento económico del país, sin embargo, el uso indiscriminado de los recursos naturales y el impacto ambiental, debido a la extracción del mineral, obligó a las entidades reguladoras como el ANA, OEFA, OSINERGMIN a estandarizar los procesos de extracción y operación. Esto contempla estabilizar ambientalmente los componentes que se encuentran dentro del proceso de extracción del mineral, además, de estabilizar, física, química e hidrológicamente a aquellos que, una vez agotado el recurso (mineral), se transforman en un pasivo que deben ser incorporados de manera estable al medio ambiente (cierre de pasivo). La presente tesis propone evaluar la condición de estabilidad actual del depósito de desmonte de roca N8-PO. La evaluación se realizará usando programación lineal a través del método Simus que recoge los parámetros más importantes para cada condición de estabilidad actual, analizado en el pasivo, el cual será comparada con los factores de seguridad requeridos por las entidades reguladoras y las buenas prácticas de construcción. Para el análisis de estabilidad física se recogerán los resultados del análisis estático y pseudo estático, para el análisis de estabilidad geoquímica, se recogerán los resultados de los ensayos ABA, finalmente, para el análisis de estabilidad hidrológica, se tendrá en cuenta el estudio hidrológico, además de la existencia y condición de estructuras hidráulicas presentes. Los resultados de la evaluación indicarán la condición de estabilidad del pasivo. Por último, los resultados recomendarán también, posibles alternativas de cierre a usar.
Evaluación del grosor dentinario de primeros molares deciduos a nivel de las paredes de los conductos radiculares en tomografía computarizada de haz cónico
Authors:   , Justiniano Navarro Carlos Alberto
Published: July 2022

Objetivo: Evaluar el grosor dentinario en el tercio cervical, medio y apical de primeros molares deciduos a nivel de las paredes de los conductos radiculares mediante el uso de tomografía computarizada de haz cónico. Materiales y métodos: La muestra estuvo conformada por 30 tomografías de haz cónico. La unidad de análisis estuvo compuesta por primeros molares deciduos, los cuales fueron divididos en dos grupos (n=15), el grupo de primeros molares deciduos superiores e inferiores. Para la toma de las medidas del grosor dentinario de las paredes de cada conducto, se realizó 3 cortes de vista axial en la tomografía en el tercio cervical, medio y apical. Luego, cada tercio fue dividido en 4 superficies (distal, mesial, lingual/palatino y vestibular), lo cual sirvió para tomar las medidas y realizar la sumatoria de las 4 superficies del grosor dentinario en milímetros para obtener el promedio final del tercio. Los datos fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva (media, mediana, desviación estándar y rango intercuartílico). Resultado: Se obtuvieron las medias para el grupo del primer molar deciduo superior e inferior, en los cuales se observó medidas diferentes a nivel de los tres tercios y superficies evaluadas. Conclusión: Es importante tener mayor conocimiento sobre la anatomía del primer molar deciduo, debido a las diversas características que esta presenta en comparación a los molares de la dentición permanente.
Funding Mechanisms to Local CSOs
Authors: Avis William
Published: July 2022

Civil society can be broadly defined as the area outside the family, market and state. As such, civil society encompasses a spectrum of actors with a wide range of purposes, constituencies, structures, degrees of organisation, functions, size, resource levels, cultural contexts, ideologies, membership, geographical coverage, strategies and approaches.This rapid literature review collates available literature on funding mechanisms and barriers to local CSOs gaining access to funding and the extent to which funding leads towards organisational development and sustainability. Broadly, it is asserted that in terms of funding, local CSOs often struggle to secure funding equivalent to that of INGOs and their local representatives. Kleibl & Munck (2017) reflect that indigenous non-state actors do not receive large shares of development funding. For example, only 10% of the total funding for US-funded health projects in Uganda was allocated to indigenous non-state actors.Given the diversity of CSOs and the variety of contexts, sectors they work in and the services they supply, it is challenging to summarise funding mechanisms available to local CSOs and the barriers to accessing these. Recent analyses of CSO funding report that while the total CSO funding in many contexts has continued to increase in absolute terms since 2015, its relative importance (as a share of total Overseas Development Assistance) has been decreasing (Verbrugge and Huyse, 2018). They continued that ODA funding channelled through CSOs (i.e., funding that is programmed by the donor government) remains far more important in volumes than ODA channelled directly to CSOs (which is programmed by CSOs themselves).The literature identifies three principal mechanisms by which donors provide financial support to civil society actors: a) Direct support to individual or umbrella organisations; b) Via Southern government; c) Via Intermediaries – largely Northern NGOs.
GOLDMAN’S PLURALISTIC APPROACH TO AESTHETIC EXPERIENCE ANDPIET MONDRIAN’S INTUITIVE NEO-PLASTIC ART
Authors:   Ph.D.,Department of Research of Art, Faculty of Art, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran, Fallahzadeh Ali , Rahbarnia Zahra ,   Associate Professor, Department of Research of Art, Faculty of Art, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
Published: July 2022

The objective of this article is to demonstrate the credibility of the pluralistic approach to aesthetic experience, mainly focused on Goldman's recent argument, in the case of Neo-Plastic paintings which is chosen as the most mature paradigm of pure abstract art created based on the premises of formalism. This article tries to clarify whether the spectator should realize the aesthetic value of pure abstract art based on a formalistic standpoint (as it has been commonly used), or a pluralistic mode: interactive and simultaneous involvement of all mental faculties namely perception, imagination, emotion, and cognition. To achieve the goals of this article, Mondrian's writings will be examined in light of two different viewpoints: formalists’ intuitive approach and Goldman’s pluralistic approach. At the end of this article, it becomes evident that although Mondrian, in several instances in his writings emphasizes the role of intuition in the creation and aesthetic perception of spiritual content (universal beauty as truth) of his Neo-Plastic art, his approach to aesthetic experience, similar to the recent argument of Goldman, is pluralistic; meaning that for appreciation of the aesthetic value of Neo-Plastic paintings all mental faculties, except imagination, are correlatively involved.
EXPECTATION FACTORS OF SOCIAL MEDIA INFLUENCING CHINESE FANCLUB WITH THAI SUPERSTAR, EASTERNCHINA
Authors:   Master of Management, Department of Management, Chakrabongse Bhuvanarth International Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-Ok, Bangkok, Thailand, Zhang Yidi , Sutunyarak Chonlavit ,   Ph.D.,Department of Management, Chakrabongse Bhuvanarth International Institute for Interdisciplinary Studies, Rajamangala University of Technology Tawan-Ok, Bangkok, Thailand
Published: July 2022

With the widespread of Thai dramas on Chinese social media, Thai drama fans in eastern China's growing and set up many Fanclub, the Thai star in the Chinese fans harvest high likability. This study adopted the fan economic theory proposed by Zhang (2010), set the sample as fans who like Thai superstars in East China, and used a questionnaire to survey 432 people. The results of the study show that 99.54% of respondents in East China have a favorite Thai superstar and there are 395 female fans, indicating that female fans are more satisfied with Thai superstars, and the high satisfaction of fans with Thai superstars has a greater impact on their tourism consumption in Thailand. Through the analysis of this research, it has become a guide to help Thailand increase tourism revenue and help Thailand develop new products for Chinese movie fans. Thailand can combine tourism and idol elements to create idol-themed tourism routes and launch daily products aimed at Chinese fans. The sample size of male fan groups in this study is small, and follow-up research can strengthen the research on male fan groups.
Policy Brief zum dritten Zwischenbericht zur wissenschaftlichen EvaluatIon des Bundesprogramms "Sprach-Kitas: Weil Sprache der Schlüssel zur Welt ist" : Die Bedeutung des Trägers für eine einrichtungsübergreifende Qualitätsentwicklung und die Umsetzung des Programms "Sprach-Kitas"
Authors: Anders Yvonne , Kluczniok Katharina , Ballaschk Itala , Bartels Kai Caroline , Blaurock Sabine , Große Christiane , Hummel Theresia , Kurucz Csaba , Lehrl Simone , Wieduwilt Nadine , Roßbach Hans-Günther
Published: July 2022

Kurzzusammenfassung des Zwischenberichts des Bundesprogramms "Sprach-Kitas: Weil Sprache der Schlüssel zur Welt ist" mit den Ergebnissen der Befragung der Träger im Sinne der Umsetzung des Bundesprogramms.
Não apenas técnico, nem só humano
Authors: Salviano Maria Cortez
Published: July 2022

Como analisar a comunicação e a mobilização política online, especialmente quando conjugam elementos humanos e técnicos e modos de funcionamento tão diversos como estrutura algorítmica e significação? Este artigo comenta algumas contribuições que a filosofia simondoniana pode trazer à questão, propondo olhar para os processos que ocorrem em ambientes digitais a partir de noções como individuação e informação. Assim, busca-se questionar como a comunicação digital produz realidades e defende-se que ela não pode ser completamente condicionada, pois é fruto de relações entre humanos, máquinas e meio.
Serum concentrations of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in patients with spondyloarthritis: a relationship between systemic inflammation and anemia
Authors: Safarova К. N. , Fedotov E. A. , Rebrov A. P.
Published: July 2022

Aim. To assess the relationship between the activity of systemic inflammation and the hemoglobin level in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA).

Materials and methods. We examined 92 patients with SpA aged 42.9 ± 11.6 years (SpA duration – 14.8 ± 9.6 years, 55 (60%) men). We calculated the BASDAI and ASDAS-CRP scores, performed complete blood count, evaluated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), ferrokinetic parameters, C-reactive protein (CRP) level, and serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6).

Results. Anemia was found in 52 (57%) patients: 13 (25%) patients were diagnosed with anemia of inflammation (AI), 39 (75%) individuals had a combination of AI and iron deficiency anemia. A significant increase in CRP (17.8 vs. 9.0 mg / l, respectively; p = 0.001) and ESR (23 vs. 10 mm / h, p < 0.001), a tendency toward an increase in IL-6 levels (5.4 vs. 4.1 pg / ml, p = 0.051), and no difference in TNF-α levels (3.4 vs. 3.0 pg / ml, p = 0.245) were revealed in patients with anemia compared with patients with normal hemoglobin level. The hemoglobin concentration was negatively correlated with the CRP level (r = –0.327, p = 0.001) and ESR (r = –0.527, p < 0.001). IL-6 was positively correlated with the levels of TNF-a, CRP, and ESR (r = 0.431, r = 0.361, r = 0.369; all p < 0.001). With the IL-6 concentration >10 pg / ml, the odds for anemia were 5.3 times higher (95% confidence interval: 1.4–19.9, p = 0.009).

Conclusion. The relationship between the activity of systemic inflammation and anemia in patients with SpA was confirmed. Taking into account the pathogenesis of AI, the aim of antianemic treatment is to achieve remission or minimal activity of SpA. Additional studies are required to determine the effect of anti-inflammatory therapy on the development and course of anemia in patients with SpA.
Diuretic resistance in patients with chronic heart failure: mechanisms, prevention, and treatment
Authors: Kalyuzhin V. V. , Teplyakov A. T. , Bespalova I. D. , Kalyuzhina E. V. , Terentyeva N. N. , Livshits I. K. , Ostanko V. L. , Grakova E. V. , Kopeva K. V. , Usov V. Yu. , Garganeeva N. P. , Gorelova Yu. V.
Published: July 2022

The authors analyzed the problem of diuretic resistance (DR) in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Most of the symptoms and signs of CHF are associated with hypervolemia and vascular congestion in the systemic and pulmonary circulation. The severity of the latter is the main factor which negatively affects the overall assessment of life satisfaction in patients with CHF. Since the patient, even at the incurable stage of CHF, primarily expects a rapid decrease in the severity of manifestations of decompensation from the prescribed therapy, achieving euvolemia is the essence of its short-term objective. Without diuretics, these immediate effects, according to which most CHF patients judge the qualifications of the doctor, are almost impossible to achieve. Unfortunately, apparently, not a single clinician was able to avoid disappointment in the effectiveness of CHF therapy associated with DR in their practice. As a rule, DR reflects the progressive course of CHF and is often associated with a poor prognosis. The review consistently covers the issues of terminology, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and prevention of DR, which aggravates CHF, and discusses measures aimed at restoring sensitivity to diuretics.
Pathogenetic features of experimental osteoarthrosis induced by dexamethasone and talc
Authors: Gladkova E. V.
Published: July 2022

The aim of the study was to investigate the pathogenesis of experimental osteoarthrosis induced by dexamethasone and talc by examining the structure and defining the morphometric and metabolic features of knee joint skeletal connective tissues in rats.

Materials and methods.We performed a morphometric evaluation of articular cartilages (their thickness, extracellular matrix arrangement, spatial arrangement of the main components, distribution density, and main cellular indices of chondrocytes), as well as changes in subchondral bones (the presence of trabeculae in the basal layer of the articular cartilage and individual osteophytes) in 30 rats with a model of primary osteoarthrosis induced by sequential administration of 0.5 ml dexamethasone (2 mg) and 1 ml 10% sterile talc suspension mixed with normal saline into the joint cavity. We studied the histologic specimens of the knee joints stained with hematoxylin – eosin, Alcian blue (рН 1.0 and 2.5), as well as with Van Gieson’s, Masson’s, and Mallory’s trichome stains. The metabolic features of the articular cartilage and bone tissues were investigated by determining the hyaluronan, osteocalcin, and type I collagen levels in the serum of the rats.

Results. In the rats with dexamethasone- and talc-induced osteoarthrosis, the thickness of cartilages in their weight-bearing areas decreased by 50%, the spatial arrangement of chondrocytes was impaired, and the nuclear – cytoplasmatic ratio (р < 0.01) decreased to 0.3. Besides, a rise in the serum levels of hyaluronan (p < 0.001) to 110.2 ng / ml, type I collagen fragments (p < 0.001) to 217.9 ng / ml, and osteocalcin (p < 0.001) to 231.1 ng / ml was detected.

Conclusion. The main pathogenetic features of experimental osteoarthrosis induced by dexamethasone and talc include impaired distribution density, morphological characteristics, and functional activity of chondrocytes, which results in inhibited synthesis of extracellular matrix components in the articular cartilage and activated destruction of proteoglycans containing unsulphated glycosaminoglycans. The subchondral bone remodeling in experimental osteoarthrosis induced by dexamethasone and talc is characterized by intensification of synthetic activity of osteoblasts.
Relationship of parameters of the impulsivity – reflexivity cognitive style with propensity to Internet addiction in high school students
Authors: Grigoriev E. P. , Galchenko A. S. , Poskotinova L. V.
Published: July 2022

Aim. To study the relationship between parameters of the impulsivity – reflexivity cognitive style and the level of Internet addiction among high school students.

Materials and methods. 154 students from general education institutions aged 16–17 years were diagnosed using the J. Kagan’s reflection – impulsivity test and the Chen Internet Addiction Scale. The one-way analysis of variance was used, followed by post-hoc pairwise comparisons using the Tukey’s test.

Results. An inverse relationship between the level of Internet addiction and decision latency in a multiple-choice situation and a direct relationship between the level of Internet addiction and the number of errors in the J. Kagan’s reflection – impulsivity test were revealed.

Conclusion. High school students with propensity to Internet addiction tend to have the impulsive cognitive style, while students without such a tendency – the reflective style. In cognitive activity, the impulsive cognitive style is generally less productive than the reflexive one. The impulsive cognitive style is similar to the so-called clip thinking, which allows to consider the relationship between Internet addiction and this phenomenon through the prism of cognitive and style features.
Markers of kidney injury, lipid metabolism, and carbonyl stress in patients with type 1 diabetes and different levels of albuminuria
Authors: Darenskaya M. A. , Chugunova E. V. , Kolesnikov S. I. , Grebenkina L. A. , Semyonova N. V. , Nikitina O. A. , Kolesnikova L. I.
Published: July 2022

The aim of this work was to study the levels of podocalyxin and β-2-microglobulin and parameters of lipid metabolism and carbonyl stress in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) patients with different levels of albuminuria.

Materials and methods. 56 men of reproductive age with T1DM were divided into two groups: 24 patients with stage A1 albuminuria (group A1) and 32 patients with stage A2 albuminuria (group A2). The control group consisted of 28 healthy men. The levels of renal function markers, lipid metabolism parameters, and methylglyoxal were assessed using enzyme immunoassay and spectrophotometric and fluorometric methods.

Results. Higher values for total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and very-low-density lipoprotein medians in both groups A1 and A2 were found. In these groups, increased podocalyxin and methylglyoxal medians were revealed. Correlation analysis in the group A1 showed the presence of a relationship between the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and creatinine. In the group A2, correlations between the generally accepted parameters of kidney injury (the albumin / creatinine ratio and GFR) and the duration of the disease and between GFR and the creatinine and methylglyoxal levels in the blood were identified. The podocalyxin level in this group correlated with the β2- microglobulin and methylglyoxal levels and lipid metabolism parameters. The level of β2-microglobulin correlated with the lipid metabolism parameters.

Conclusion. Regardless of the level of albuminuria, men with T1DM had significantly increased levels of podocalyxin, lipid metabolism parameters, and methylglyoxal, as well as strong relationships between these parameters. The data of this study can be used for development of potential strategies for prevention and early treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
Evaluation of the relationship between nutrition and the risk of fatal outcomes from cardiovascular diseases in people with type 2 diabetes
Authors: Kuntsevich A. K. , Shchetinina A. O. , Mustafina S. V. , Verevkin E. G. , Simonova G. I. , Shcherbakova L. V. , Rymar O. D.
Published: July 2022

Aim. To evaluate the relationship between nutrition and the risk of fatal outcomes from cardiovascular diseases in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Materials and methods. The baseline study was conducted within the HAPIEE project in 2002–2005. The followup period for the observed cohort, including individuals with T2DM, lasted from 2003–2005 to December 31, 2018 and reached on average 12.8 years (1.1 ± 16.0 years). Within the study, 2 groups were formed: the treatment group which included persons with T2DM who “developed fatal events” and the control group which encompassed individuals with T2DM who “did not develop fatal events” during the follow-up. The treatment group included 207 people (107 men, 100 women), the average age for both sexes was 62.4 ± 5.9 years; the control group consisted of 474 people (177 men, 297 women), the average age for both sexes was 58.1 ± 6.6 years. The data on actual nutrition were obtained from a survey of the participants using the Food Frequency Questionnaire and included information on consumption of 147 foods. Statistical processing of the data was carried out using the SPSS 13.0 software package. The data were presented as M ± SD, where M is the arithmetic mean and SD is the standard deviation. An analysis of the association between nutrition and the risk of death from cardiovascular diseases was performed using the Cox regression model. The differences were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.

Results. In the studied sample, we identified a significant relationship between the consumption of a number of foods and the risk of death from cardiovascular diseases in people with T2DM over a 15-year follow-up. It was shown that increased consumption of fruits (by 80 g / day) and nuts (by 2 g / day) was significantly associated with a decreased risk of death in men: hazard ratio (HR) = 0.726, p = 0.044 and HR = 0.826, p = 0.011, respectively. Increased consumption of eggs in men (by 50 g / day) was associated with an increased risk of death: HR = 1.728, p = 0.003. In women, a decreased risk of death was observed only with the consumption of meat products: HR = 0.786, p = 0.036.

Conclusion. The results of the study showed a clear relationship between the consumption of a number of foods and the risk of death from cardiovascular diseases. Thus, increased consumption of fruits, nuts, and meat products was significantly associated with a decreased risk of death from cardiovascular diseases in people with T2DM, while the consumption of eggs and dairy products, on the contrary, was associated with an increased risk of mortality. These data indicate the importance of dietary control in individuals with carbohydrate metabolism disorders.
Evaluation of the functional state of mitochondria isolated from mononuclear leukocytes by flow cytometry in patients with chronic heart failure receiving ubidecarenone
Authors: Lobanova O. A. , Gaikovaya L. B. , Dadali V. A. , Ermakov A. I. , Kukharchik G. A.
Published: July 2022

Aim. To evaluate the functional state of mitochondria isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear leukocytes using flow cytometry in patients with chronic heart failure receiving ubidecarenone (coenzyme Q).

Materials and methods. The study included 53 patients with chronic heart failure who had experienced myocardial infarction. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 received optimally chosen standard therapy, while group 2 received optimally chosen standard therapy and ubidecarenone (“Kudevite”). The mitochondrial membrane potential was evaluated by flow cytometry using propidium iodide and 3,3′-dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide (DiOC6(3)). The levels of coenzyme Q were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet (UV) detection.

Results. A direct correlation was established between the coenzyme Q levels in the blood plasma and the percentage of DiOC6(3)-positive cells (R = 0.39; р < 0.05) in the patients with chronic heart failure. In group 1, no significant differences in the coenzyme Q levels and the percentage of DiOC6(3)-positive and DiOC6(3)-negative cells before and after the therapy were observed. In group 2, a significant increase in the proportion of DiOC6(3)-positive cells and a significant decrease in the percentage of DiOC6(3)-negative cells were revealed.

Conclusion. The increase in the functional activity of mitochondria in the patients with chronic heart failure receiving ubidecarenone was identified. Flow cytometry can be used to evaluate the functional state of mitochondria and observe the efficiency of the selected therapy.
The Human Rights Commitments of Private Fusion Energy Companies
Authors: Rutherford Angelica
Published: July 2022

Although the fusion energy sector is at a nascent stage, the private fusion energy market has grown. There are currently 38 private fusion energy companies around the world aiming to commercialise fusion energy in early 2030s and 2040s. Given the capability of fusion energy in transforming today’s energy paradigm and the global character of the market, it is important to analyse how these companies are interacting with international human rights standards. Therefore, this work investigates the involvement of the private fusion energy sector with two voluntary international initiatives in particular: the UN Global Compact and the UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights (UNGP). This study attempts to answer two research questions: (i) Are private fusion energy companies participating in the UN Global Compact? (ii) How are private fusion energy companies publicly implementing the UNGP? Content analysis of secondary data collected from the UN Global Compact, Fusion Industry Association, ITER and companies’ official website as well as published reports is adopted. In summary, this work finds that private fusion energy companies are neither participants nor signatories of the UN Global Compact. Their observance of the UNGP is also very poor. This study contributes to the field by highlighting this gap which the private fusion energy companies need to consider and take measures in order to create a salutary human rights sector.
Scoping Review of National Antimicrobial Stewardship Activities in Eight African Countries and Adaptable Recommendations
Authors: Kamere Nduta , Garwe Sandra Tafadzwa , Akinwotu Oluwatosin Olugbenga , Tuck Chloe Zabrina , Krockow Eva M. , Yadav Sara , Olawale Agbaje Ganiyu , Diyaolu Ayobami Hassan , Munkombwe Derick , Muringu Eric , Muro Eva Prosper , Kaminyoghe Felix , Ayotunde Hameedat Taiye , Omoniyei Love , Lawal Mashood Oluku , Barlatt Shuwary Hughric Adekule , Makole Tumaini J. , Nambatya Winnie , Esseku Yvonne , Rutter Victoria , Ashiru-Oredope Diane
Published: July 2022

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global health problem threatening safe, effective healthcare delivery in all countries and settings. The ability of microorganisms to become resistant to the effects of antimicrobials is an inevitable evolutionary process. The misuse and overuse of antimicrobial agents has increased the importance of a global focus on antimicrobial stewardship (AMS). This review provides insight into the current AMS landscape and identifies contemporary actors and initiatives related to AMS projects in eight African countries (Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia), which form a network of countries participating in the Commonwealth Partnerships for Antimicrobial Stewardship (CwPAMS) programme. We focus on common themes across the eight countries, including the current status of AMR, infection prevention and control, AMR implementation strategies, AMS, antimicrobial surveillance, antimicrobial use, antimicrobial consumption surveillance, a one health approach, digital health, pre-service and in-service AMR & AMS training, access to and supply of medicines, and the impact of COVID-19. Recommendations suitable for adaptation are presented, including the development of a national AMS strategy and incorporation of AMS in pharmacists’ and other healthcare professionals' curricula for pre-service and in-service training.
How Is the Exposure of a Sarcoma Surgeon Defined?
Authors: Theus-Steinmann Carlo , Schelling Georg , Heesen Philip , Breitenstein Stefan , Scaglioni Mario F. , Fuchs Bruno
Published: July 2022

Purpose: To meet the challenges of the precision medicine era, quality assessment of shared sarcoma care becomes pivotal. The MDT approach is the most important parameter for succesfull outcome. Because of all MDTs disciplines surgery is the key step to render sarcoma patients disease free, defining the spectrum of a sarcoma surgeon is critical. To the best of the authors knowledge, a comprehensive interoperable digital platform to assess the scope of sarcoma surgery and the experience of a sarcoma surgeon in its full complexity is lacking. Methods: A web-based real-world data (RWD) registry on sarcoma surgery has been created to assess the clinical exposure, tumor characteristics, and surgical settings and techniques applied for both resections and reconstructions of sarcomas and thereby the surgical exposure of an individual surgeon over time. Results: During 10 years, there were 723 sarcoma board/MDT meetings discussing 3130 patients. A total of 1094 patients underwent 1250 surgical interventions on mesenchymal tumors by one single sarcoma surgeon. These included 615 deep soft tissue tumors (197 benign, 102 intermediate, 281 malignant, 27 simulator, 7 metastasis, 1 blood), 116 superficial soft tissue tumors (45 benign, 12 intermediate, 40 malignant, 18 simulator, 1 blood) and 519 bone tumors (129 benign, 112 intermediate, 182 malignant, 18 simulator, 46 metastasis, 14 blood and 18 sequelae of 1st treatment). Detailed types of resections and reconstructions were analyzed. Conclusion: A web-based RWD sarcoma surgeon registry with transparent real-time descriptive analytics is feasible and enables large scale definition of the surgical complexity and ultimately quality of sarcoma care.
Quantum Spin-Wave Theory for Non-collinear Spin Structures, a Review
Authors: Diep Hung T.
Published: July 2022

In this review, we trace the evolution of the quantum spin-wave theory treating non-collinear spin configurations. Non-collinear spin configurations are consequences of the frustration created by competing interactions. They include simple chiral magnets due to competing nearest-neighbor (NN) and next-NN interactions and systems with geometry frustration such as the triangular antiferromagnet and the Kagomé lattice. We review here spin-wave results of such systems and also systems with the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. Accent is put on these non-collinear ground states which have to be calculated before applying any spin-wave theory to determine the spectrum of the elementary excitations from the ground states. We mostly show results from a self-consistent Green’function theory to calculate the spin-wave spectrum and the layer magnetizations at finite T in two and three dimensions as well as in thin films with surface effects. Some new unpublished results are also included. Analytical details and the validity of the method are shown and discussed.
Orbital and Spin Dynamics of Electron’s States Transition in Hydrogen Atom Driven by Electric Field
Authors: Yang Ciann-Dong , Han Shiang-Yi
Published: July 2022

State transition in the multiple-levels system has the great potential applications in the quantum technology. In this article we employ a deterministic approach in complex space to analyze the dynamics of the 1s-2p electron transition in the hydrogen atom. The electron’s spin motion is embodied in the framework of quantum Hamilton mechanics that allows us to examine the transition dynamics more precisely. The transition is driven by an oscillating electric field in the z-direction. The electron’s transition process can be visualized by monitoring its motion in the complex space. The quantum potential and the total energy proposed in this paper provide new indices to observe the dynamic changes of electrons in the transition process.