bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF LUNG CAVITIES IN PRACTICAL PHTHISIOLOGY
Authors:   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, Karpina N.L , Asanov R.B. ,   A.F. Agafonov Republican Clinical Infectious Diseases Hospital, Kazan, the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, Shabalina I.Yu. ,   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, Egorova A.D. ,   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, Stepanyan I.E. ,   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, Ergeshov A.E. ,   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2022

Objective: to describe the structure of nosological forms of pulmonary diseases in differential diagnosis of lung cavities in a federal TB institution and assess the effectiveness of diagnosis verification based on studies of different samples (sputum, bronchoscopic samples, resection samples). Materials and methods. We conducted a cohort prospective open study. We examined 122 patients with newly detected lung cavities at the Central TB Research Institute: 60 (49%) women and 62 (51%) men with the average age of 42.9 ± 14.2 years. Results. Among 122 patients with lung cavities the following diagnoses were verified: 41.8% of pulmonary TB cases, 41% of pulmonary mycobacteriosis cases, 11.5% of destructive pneumonia cases, and 5.7% of lung cancer cases. Destructive TB was verified based on: complex sputum study – 54.9%, complex study of bronchoscopic samples – 91.3% (р = 0.003), and complex study of resection samples – 100% of cases (р = 0.016). The study of bronchoscopic samples was the most significant for the verification of destructive pneumonia – 100% vs. 28.6% of cases verified by sputum study (р < 0.001, χ2 = 12.245). Pulmonary mycobacteriosis was verified based on sputum study in 28% of cases vs. 44.4% of cases verified by bronchoscopic sample study, though without statistically significant difference (р = 0.223, χ2 = 1.490); only resection sample study enabled to verify the diagnosis in 100% of cases (р < 0.001, χ2 = 17.959). Among patients with pulmonary mycobacteriosis, slowly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) were isolated in 92% of cases; the most common were M. avium complex (46%) and M. kansasii (28%). Lung cancer was confirmed by bronchoscopic study in 57.1% of cases, while resection sample study confirmed the diagnosis in 100% of cases. In outpatient settings the verification of lung cavity differential diagnosis based on sputum or bronchoscopic sample study was effective in 79.5% of cases. Hospitalization for surgical diagnostic procedures was required in 20.5% of cases. Conclusion. In the structure of nosological forms of lung cavities pulmonary TB (41.8%) and pulmonary mycobacteriosis (41%) prevailed. We established high effectiveness of diagnosis verification in lung cavity patients based on complex study of bronchoscopic samples or resection samples performed in the federal TB centre. In general, invasive diagnostic procedures were required in 82.8% of cases; the diagnosis verification was achieved due to bronchoscopic sampling in 67.1% of cases, or surgical interventions – in 100% of cases.
MANAGEMENT OF PULMONARY TB WITH MULTIPLE OR EXTENSIVE DRUG RESISTANCE IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS
Authors:   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, Krushinskaya E.A. , Panova L.V. ,   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, Ovsyankina E.S. ,   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2022

The review provides data of literature search for the management of pulmonary TB with multiple or extensive drug resistance. It also represents the analysis of relevant recommendations of the World Health Organization (WHO) and applicable regulatory documents of the Russian Federation on chemotherapy of children and adolescents with drug– resistant TB. Data on the effectiveness of modern approaches to chemotherapy of TB in children and adolescents have been studied based on different types of research
PROGRESSION AND DIAGNOSIS FEATURES OF VARIOUS FORMS OF TUBERCULOUS SYNOVITIS
Authors:   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, Semenova L.A. , Khomenko V.A. ,   Central TB Research Institute, Moscow, Russia, Mamonov V.E. ,   National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia, Lyalina V.V. ,   National Medical Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, Russia, Guseynov T.Sh. ,   Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov, Moscow, Russia
Published: December 2022

Tuberculous synovitis occurs in various forms: multiorgan tuberculous inflammation, in combination with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), with osteoarticular tuberculosis, and singularly. The pathogenesis of tuberculous synovitis includes hematogenous dissemination of the pathogen into the synovial membrane with the development of a specific inflammatory process [5, 8, 1, 11]. Later, with a delayed diagnosis and absence of pathogenetic therapy, the inflammatory process can affect the bone tissue with development of specific tuberculous osteomyelitis. This work demonstrates different courses of tuberculous synovitis and diagnostic criteria of specific inflammation.
STUDY OF ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF LEAF EXTRACT OF SOME WILD PLANTS OF ASTERACEAE ON ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS
Authors:   Department of Zoology, R. B. S. College, Agra – 282002, Uttar Pradesh, India., Gupta Shyam , Singh Uttam ,   Department of Botany, Uttam institute of  technology and management, Runkata Agra, Uttar  Pradesh, India.
Published: December 2022

Aflatoxins have great significance due to health hazards to men and other useful animals. The aflatoxins are produced by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus. Recently, the use of natural products like cinnamon and clove oil has also been suggested for the inhibition of aflatoxin production as well as growth of A. parasiticus. In view of the known antifungal properties of plant extracts, an attempt has been made in the present investigation to explore the Antifungal Activity of Plant extracts against growth of A. flavus by some wild plants of family Asteraceae, viz., Ageratum conyzoides, Carthamus oxycantha, Eclipta alba, Echinops echinatus, Launea nudicaulis, Lactuca dissecta, Parthenium hysterophorus, Sonchus aspera, Vernonia cinerea and Xanthium strumarium have been studied against growth of toxigenic strain of A. flavus by standard cup method on solid medium. The diameter of zone of inhibition was measured in mm and percent inhibition in growth was calculated. Out of three concentrations viz., 10, 15 and 20 per cent of leaf extracts, the 20 per cent concentration was found most effective. Further, hot water extract of leaf was adjudged more inhibitory as compared to cold water extract of plants. The maximum inhibition (70%) in growth of test fungus was caused by hot water leaf extract of A. conyzoides. It also can be concluded that leaf extract of different experimental plants have antifungal activity to varying extents.
MONITORING THE TOXICITY OF DRY WOOD TERMITES USING THREE PLANT POWDERS IN LABORATORY CULTURE
Authors:   Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Science, Delta State  University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria, C.C. Ojianwuna , V.N, Enwemiwe ,   Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, Faculty of Science, Delta State  University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria
Published: December 2022

In order to model a suitable control alternative for subterranean termites and termites infesting wooden furniture and cabinets where consumables are likely stored, this present study monitored the efficacy of three plant powders at different doses (0.50-1.50g) against the dry wood termite,Cryptotermes cavifrons Banks (Blattodea). Plant materials were locally prepared into powders and assigned to 20 wood termites in 5g substrates of sand and stick. The culture was set up in triplicates and lethal concentrations were determined by Probit analysis. The plant powder could not exerted 100% mortality, but the highest mortality was recorded in Dennettia tripetala (1.50g) on stick (mean= 8.33±0.80). All concentration of D. tripetala on sand and stick caused mortality within 0 to 48 hours after exposure and compared favorably with Permethrin which recorded the highest mean time mortality on sand at 0-24 hrs after exposure. The lowest LC50value (0.75 and 0.79g/g) corresponded to Permethrin and D. tripetala on sand and stick respectively. This results suggest that best concentrations of pepper fruit powder can be adopted as potential alternative to chemical powders.
A Study on the Influence of Customer Characteristics on Innovation Resistance and Intention to Use in Face Recognition Payment System
Authors:   Global Convergence Research Academy, Zhang Lin-Lin
Published: December 2022

Recently, mobile payment is gradually replacing cash payment. One of the issues to pay attention to is facial recognition technology. This paper examines the relationship between the characteristics of customers, who are users of the face recognition payment system, on the resistance to innovation and the intention to use it, so that the technology and products of the face recognition payment system can promote the diffusion of innovation that fully reflects the needs of users. is the purpose This study conducted a sample study targeting Chinese users, and analyzed the factors that Chinese people resist to face recognition payment. Smart PLS 3.0 was used as the data analysis method. The results of this study are as follows. Hypothesis H1-4, which states that customers' awareness of innovation for facial recognition payment has a negative (-) effect on innovation resistance, was not accepted. Customers' attitude toward existing payment methods (H1-1) and perceived risk (H1-5) had a positive (+) effect on innovation resistance. Customer motivation (H1-2) and self'.·efficacy (H1-3) had a negative (-) effect on innovation resistance. Also, hypothesis H2 that customers' innovation resistance has a negative (-) effect on intention to use was accepted. Therefore, the collection and use of big data with guaranteed safety has become a top priority.
A Study on the Mediating Effect of Goal Orientation and Cultural Orientation between the Intrinsic Characteristics of Online Learning and Learning Satisfaction
Authors:   Global Convergence Research Academy, So Won-Hyun
Published: December 2022

The educational situation in Korea inevitably raises problems with evaluativeism, excessive competition, mental stress, and antisocial behaviors such as bullying and suicide. Therefore, among the various positive effects of online learning, in paiticular, the relationship with creativity development, which is being mainly discussed in the global era, will be investigated. The purpose of this study is to empirically test whether cultural orientations (interdependent selfindependent self) and goal orientations (learning goal·pe1f01mance goal) mediates relationships between characteristics of online learning (intrinsic·extrinsic) and learning satisfaction. After collecting survey data from one hundred seventeen Korean college students, having online-learning experiences, regressional analyses and mediational analyses have been employed to analyse the hypothesized relationships. The followings have been found: first, there were significantly positive relationships between intrinsic characteristics of online learning and cultural and goal orientations. Second, a significantly positive relationship between intrinsic characteristics of online learning and learning satisfaction has been found. Third, cultural and goal orientations were found to be positively related to one's learning satisfaction. Last, it has been detected that cultural and goal orientations mediate the relationship between characteristics of online learning (intrinsic·extrinsic) and learning satisfaction. Its implications in Korean culturε and educational context havε been suggested. The results of this study suggest that the intrinsic characteristics of online learning can increase learning satisfaction, but it is more effective for learners who havε a desire for creative thinking.
A Study on the Understanding of Smart Watch on Intention of Continuous Use in Health Care
Authors:   Global Convergence Research Academy, Hong Jun-Hyuk
Published: December 2022

The healthcare industry is changing dramatically due to the need for real-time monitoring. With point-of-care, diagnostics and long-term health conditions, most smartwatch manufacturers are shifting markedly with a focus on healthcare applications. The purpose of this study is to analyze whether there is a mediating effect between the understanding of the smartwatch system and the continuous intention to use the system. For this study, the degree of understanding of the smart watch system was classified into safety, convenience, and technology readiness. Smart watch trust was selected as an individual dependent variable. For this study, 250 samples were collected through an online survey, and 220 of the respondents gave valid responses. For statistical analysis, structural equation modeling technique was used. The study results are summarized as follows. First, safety, convenience, and technical readiness have a positive effect on motivation to use. Second, trust in smartwatches has a positive effect on motivation to use them. Third, the motive for use has a positive effect on the intention of continuous use. Through this empirical study, it became the basis for continuous use of smartwatch applications by users. It will serve as an opportunity to provide smartwatch manufacturers with a mechanism for the user's decision-making process.
La Construcción colectiva de saberes desde la extensión universitaria
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Pereira Hugo , Genes Vivian , Pereira Víctor , Molinas Alcides
Published: December 2022

Las dificultades originadas por el aislamiento establecido para hacer frente a la pandemia del Covid-19 imposibilitaron la participación de integrantes de la comunidad académica, docentes y estudiantes, en actividades propias de relevamiento de datos en terreno en el marco de la ejecución de proyectos de extensión universitaria a lo largo del 2020 y parte importante del 2021. Sin embargo, dichas dificultades abrieron el camino para la implementación de una activa colaboración entre la universidad y la sociedad, tal como muestra la experiencia desarrollada en la comunidad del distrito de Mariano Roque Alonso conocida como Corumba Kue, Paraguay. Los vecinos y vecinas de la comunidad, quienes tuvieron un rol protagónico en el diseño y en la aplicación de un formulario censal aplicado a 389 familias, consideran fundamentales los resultados del relevamiento para el ejercicio de la defensa de su derecho a vivir en la ciudad. El estudio contó con la orientación de profesores y alumnos/as de dos unidades académicas de la Universidad Nacional de Asunción (UNA): la Facultad de Ciencias Sociales (FACSO) y la Facultad de Arquitectura, Diseño y Arte (FADA). El trabajo conjunto desarrollado muestra la posibilidad de construir saberes colectivamente.
Percepción de la calidad de la educación superior en las universidades públicas ubicadas en el interior de Paraguay
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de Asunción. San Lorenzo, Paraguay, Villagra Mirtha , Falcó de Ayala Lourdes ,   Universidad del Norte. Asunción, Paraguay., Davalos José ,   Universidad Nacional de Concepción. Concepción, Paraguay., Cabrera Patricia ,   Universidad Nacional de Asunción, Facultad de Filosofía. Asunción, Paraguay.
Published: December 2022

En este artículo se presentan los resultados de un análisis referente a la percepción de la calidad en la educación superior de las universidades públicas del Paraguay que se encuentran ubicadas en el interior del país. Para llevar a cabo este estudio se realizó una encuesta semiestructurada aplicada a los alumnos del último año de las carreras de contaduría pública en la Facultad de Economía de las universidades UNC (Universidad Nacional de Concepción), UNVES (Universidad Nacional de Villarrica de Espíritu Santo) y UNICAN (Universidad Nacional de Canindeyú) que permitió exponer la forma en que los estudiantes especifican sus percepciones sobre la calidad de diferentes componentes académicos que ofrecen las instituciones educativas. Los principales resultados encontrados son; que los estudiantes consideran la formación y desarrollo integral que reciben como buena, asimismo, valoran que sus universidades cuenten con instalaciones y equipos tecnológicos de primer nivel y las diversas actividades para potenciar la profesionalización de los estudiantes.
Cardioprotective Effects of Nigella Sativa and Enalapril in Doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity
Authors: Naeem Uzma
Published: December 2022

Objective: To determine the combined cardioprotective effects of Nigella Sativa and enalapril in doxorubicininduced cardiotoxicity in rats. Study Design: Experimental randomized control trials. Place and Duration of Study: This research was carried out from September 2020 to August 2021, in the department of pharmacology, in collaboration with the National Institute of Health (NIH) Islamabad, Pakistan. Materials and Methods: For this experiment, 4 groups of adult male rats were taken, each containing 10 rats. Group 1 rats acquired a normal diet without any medication throughout the experiment. On day 8 (after acclimatization) cardiotoxicity was induced in groups 2, 3, and 4 rats by administering doxorubicin 5mg/kg intraperitoneally for 3 consecutive days. After the confirmation of cardiotoxicity, Group 3 rats were administered only angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) enalapril 2mg/kg, while group 4 rats were given a combination of Nigella sativa 100mg/kg and Enalapril 2mg/kg orally for 14 days. Baseline blood samples were taken on day 0 to obtain normal values of Cardiac Troponin T ( cTnT), Cardiac Troponin I (cTnT), and CK-MB enzyme. To confirm cardiotoxicity 2nd sampling was done on day 11, and the final sampling was done through cardiac puncture on day 26. Serum biochemical estimation was done and data were analyzed through SPSS 22 by using one-way ANOVA and paired t-test. A P-value < 0.05 was believed statistically considerable. Results: Enalapril alone produced significant cardioprotective effects as shown by the marked reduction in cTnT, cTnI, and CKMB levels in group 3 (p<0.05), but combined administration of Nigella sativa and enalapril in group 4 mice produced a more significant reduction in Trop T, Trop I, and CK-MB levels (P <0.05). Conclusion: Nigella sativa and enalapril in combination significantly lower cardiac enzyme in Doxorubicininduced cardiotoxicity in rats.
LP-KENMOTSU MANIFOLD ADMITTING SCHOUTEN-VAN KAMPEN CONNECTION
Authors: Bhatt Pawan , Chanyal S.K.
Published: December 2022

In this paper we study Schouten-van Kampen connection on a Lorentzian para-Kenmotsu manifolds M. We obtain curvature tensor Ř, Ricci tensor Ŝ and scalar curvature ř, with respect to Schouten-van Kampen connection and study their properties. Further, we take some curvature conditions like Ř·Ŝ = 0, Ŝ·Ř = 0 etc., on M and prove Ř·Ć = Ř·Ř. We also consider the cases when M is ξ-concircularly flat, pseudo concircularly flat, φ-concircularly semisymmetric and obtain some interesting results.
A Generative Paradigm for Human Work
Authors: Roncella Andrea , Bertolaso Marta ,   Philosophy Documentation Center
Published: December 2022

In this paper we have two main goals. The first is to challenge two key elements of reductionist thinking concerning human work inherited from the Information and Communication Technology revolution that have significantly shaped current concepts of work at both the individual and institutional level: the ‘flexible man’ model and the obsession with the objective function of economic productivity. We show how, combined with the logic of productivity as a means for continuous economic growth, these elements justify the overlapping of value and price. This overlap characterizes current meritocratic paradigms. Our second goal is to show how and why an emerging integrated paradigm is a more suitable model for taking into consideration the specifically human dimensions of work. These dimensions encompass the sphere of caring and are mostly buried in the functionalist-mechanistic system. In this context, we argue that the COVID-19 pandemic can work as an exogenous shock useful to boost the rise of this new paradigm of human work.
Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Pelayanan Kepegawaian Berbasis Web dengan Metode Waterfall
Authors: Kharisma Kharisma , Usman Saifudin , Vivianlai Stevani , Reza Muhammad
Published: December 2022

Politeknik Negeri Ketapang (Politap) merupakan perguruan tinggi yang memiliki berbagai macam pegawai yang menunjang berlangsungnya proses kegiatan pembelajaran. Pegawai politap yang terdiri dari dosen, teknisi, tenaga administrasi pendidikan , tenaga kebersihan dan tenaga keamanan membuat pengelolaan data pegawai menjadi kompleks. diperlukan sebuah sistem informasi sebagai wadah untuk mengelola data berbagai macam pegawai di Politap agar informasi tentang pegawai di lingkungan Politap cepat dan mudah untuk diakses sehingga pengam-bilan keputusan bagi pegawai seperti penempatan pegawai, kenaikan pangkat dan gaji cepat untuk ditangani. Sistem Informasi kepegawaian akan dikembangkan dengan berbasis web dengan tujuan untuk mempermudah dan mempercepat akses data pegawai oleh para pegawai dan administrasi kepegawaian di Politap. Metode pem-bangunan sistem yang digunakan pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode waterfall, desain sistem menggunakan Unified Modelling Language (UML), bahasa pemrograman Hypertext Preprocessing (PHP) dengan basis data Structured Query Language (SQL). Hasil akhir dari penelitian ini berupa sistem informasi kepegawaian Politap berbasis web yang berfungsi sebagai tempat mengelola data para pegawai di Politap yang mudah dan cepat untuk di akses.. Hasil pengujian sistem menggunakan blackbox testing, setiap fitur pada sistem berhasil diuji dan sistem dapat berjalan dengan baik
PEMANFAATAN BERBAGAI DOSIS SERBUK GERGAJI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN UMUR SIMPAN BENIH KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.)
Authors: Umroh Umroh , Rosmalinda Rosmalinda , Jatsiyah Venty , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Hermanto Sarwendah Ratnawati
Published: December 2022

Benih kakao merupakan benih yang mempunyai sifat mudah berkecambah atau yang disebut rekalsitran. Teknis penyimpanan benih rekalsitran tidak dapat dikeringkan di bawah kadar air kritis, mudah berkecambah dan tidak toleran terhadap suhu rendah, sehingga perlu modifikasi penyimpanan dengan menggunakan media simpan serbuk gergaji agar benih tetap berkualitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui  pengaruh berbagai dosis serbuk gergaji terhadap daya simpan benih kakao. Selain itu juga mengetahui perlakuan terbaik dari berbagai dosis serbuk gergaji yang dapat meningkatkan umur simpan benih kakao. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 6 perlakuan dan 6 ulangan sehingga terdapat 36 satuan percobaan. Parameter yang diamati terdiri dari kadar air benih selama penyimpanan, benih berjamur di penyimpanan dan persentase perkecambahan di penyemaian. Data pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA. Apabila hasil berpengaruh nyata, maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan media simpan serbuk gergaji terbaik yaitu dosis 180 gram (A5) dapat menurunkan  persentase benih berjamur di penyimpanan.
INFLUENCE OF PROCESS PARAMETERS ON CELLULASE PRODUCTION BY Trichoderma viride (MTCC 800) EMPLOYING SOLID STATE FERMENTATION
Authors:   Department of Microbiology, Dnyanopasak College, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University (SRTMU), Nanded, KAKDE P. R. , AITHAL S. C.
Published: December 2022

In this study, the effect of physico-chemical parameters on the production of cellulase from Trichoderma viride (MTCC 800) were examined using five different agricultural residues namely banana peel, groundnut shell, corn cob, sugarcane bagasse, and pigeonpea stalk. The process parameters examined were pretreatment method, supplementation media, initial media pH, incubation period, temperature, and leaching agent. Among the parameters studied, maximum cellulase production was obtained on all the substrates treated with 1 N H2SO4 supplemented with Mandel’s medium of pH 5.5-6 after 6-8 days of incubation at 30-36°C and 0.05 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) as a leaching agent.
Impact of iodine intake on the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid disease in children and adults
Authors: Kalarani Iyshwarya Bhaskar , Veerabathiran Ramakrishnan
Published: December 2022

Thyroid hormone (TH) regulates the body's metabolism and iodine, a vital trace mineral, is vital for TH synthesis. As a TH biosynthesis catalyst, iodine has a substantial role in our health. When there is a modest iodine deficit, the thyroid gland grows autonomously, resulting in thyrotoxicosis. Those who consume excessive iodine risk developing hypothyroidism and thyroid autoimmunity. A transient hyperthyroid condition may rapidly increase iodine consumption. Iodine deficiency is common across the globe, and provision of supplementary iodine, in forms such as iodized salt or vegetable oil, has many benefits. Vegetarians, for instance, may not consume adequate amounts of iodine in some countries with high iodine content. Reduced dietary iodine intakes may be a consequence of efforts to reduce salt intakes to prevent hypertension. In addition, iodine consumption is decreasing in many countries, even among those where endemic goiter has previously been eradicated, leading to the re-emergence of iodine-deficiency-related disorders such as goiter. This review will discuss how iodine can contribute to the development of thyroid disease.
DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXIC EFFECT OF AMYGDALIN IN DLD-1 CELL LINE AND ANTICYTOTOXIC EFFECT IN CCD-18CO CELL LINE
Authors: ÖZTÜRK Alpaslan , KESKİNER Aybüke Afra , KOCAMAN Berna , AVULOĞLU YILMAZ Ece
Published: December 2022

Objective: Amygdalin, which is part of the aromatic cyanogenic glycoside group, is found in plant seeds such as apricot, peach, plum, apple, pear, and cherry. It has been shown that amygdalin has anti-tumor properties against many cancers such as colon, breast, and lung cancer. This study aimed to determine the cytotoxic and anticytotoxic effects of amygdalin in human colon cancer cells (DLD-1) and normal colonic epithelium (CCD-18Co) using the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-YL)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) test. Materials and Methods: DLD-1 and CCD-18Co cells were grown in flasks containing Roswell Park Memorial Institute-1640 and Eagle's Minimum Essential Medium, respectively. Both cell groups were treated with amygdalin concentrations of 100, 50, 25, 12.5, 6.25, 3.125, and 1.56 mM for 24 hours. Then, 20% MTT dye was added to the wells of the aspirated plates and incubated for 3 hours. After the reaction was stopped with pure DMSO at the end of the period, the absorbance values of the plates were read spectrophotometrically at a wavelength of 570 nm. Results: The percent viability values for the DLD-1 cell line were found to be between 48.3-71.6% and the IC50 value was calculated as 74.03 mM. The viability values for the CCD-18Co cell line after the amygdalin treatment ranged from 101.6 to 117.9%. Conclusion: While amygdalin showed a cytotoxic effect in the DLD-1 cell line, it showed an anticytotoxic effect in the CCD-18Co cell line. In our study, it was determined that amygdalin decreased the viability of DLD-1 cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner and did not show cytotoxic effects on CCD18-Co normal epithelial cells. More comprehensive controlled clinical trials are needed to demonstrate the feasibility of using amygdalin in combination with other anti-tumor drugs and to develop the artificial synthesis of the active ingredients in amygdalin in order to increase the anti-tumor activities of these drugs.
Russian-Spanish Relations in the Scientific and Educational Sphere after February 2022
Authors: Kargovskaia Elena , Kuznetsova Viktoriia
Published: December 2022

This article examines the impact of the special military operation carried out by the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine on the interaction of Russia and Spain in the scientific and educational sphere. After February 24, 2022, the number of sanctions imposed against the Russian Federation by Western countries reached record levels. Against this background, after the start of a special military operation, Russian-Spanish relations radically changed the vector of development, the consequences of these changes manifested themselves both in the economic and political fields, as well as in the cultural, scientific and educational sphere. Almost immediately, Spanish government agencies called for an immediate freeze on any scientific and educational activities between Russia and Spain. Under this influence, most Spanish universities de jure announced the suspension of cooperation with Russian universities or organizations. This research is based on a number of scientific methods, including historical, institutional, systemic, as well as the method of comparative analysis. The authors consider the situation in the field of scientific and educational cooperation between Spain and Russia that has developed since February 2022 and they come to the conclusion that if the conflict between Russia and Ukraine is persistent and prolonged, it may lead to the final closure of joint educational programs, as well as to the termination of joint scientific research and the publication of articles by Spanish and Russian scientists. At this stage, as this analysis shows, individual cases of cooperation in the educational sphere initiated before the special military operation individually find ways to continue their implementation, Russian students continue to apply and enroll in universities in Spain. However, the tendency to curtail joint scientific and educational activities prevails.
The nth-order self-resonance law of single wave train for surface capillary-gravity waves in deep water
Authors: Huang Hu , Tian Ze-Bing ,   Shanghai Key Laboratory of Mechanics in Energy Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, School of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China
Published: December 2022

Wave-wave resonance mechanism plays a fundamental and prominent role in the process of energy transfer and distribution, whether it is in microscopic or macroscopic matter. For the most extensive and intuitive ocean surface wave motion on earth, it is bound to be even more so. Can we extract the general wave-wave resonance law from it, especially the most special and brief resonance law for single wave train? To this end, according to a set of classical methods proposed by Phillips for initiating modern water wave dynamics with the specific 4-wave resonance conditions, and starting from the basic governing equations of ocean deep-water surface capillary-gravity waves, the first-order differential equation, and the second-, third- and fourth-order integral differential ones, which are becoming more and more complex but tend to be complete, of the Fourier components of free surface displacement are respectively given by the Fourier-Stieltjes transformation and perturbation method. Under a set of symbol system, which is self-created, self-evident and concise, these equations are solved in turn to obtain the first-order free surface displacement of single wave train, the Fourier coefficients of the second-, third- and fourth-order non-resonant and resonant free surface displacements, and the second-, third- and fourth-order resonant conditions, thus leading to the general nth-order self-resonance law of single wave train. This completely reveals the rich connotation of single wave resonance dynamics of ocean surface capillary-gravity waves, effectively expands the application range of the classical single wave resonance solutions given by Phillips for ocean surface gravity waves, lays the foundation for depicting single and multiple resonance interaction mechanisms of double and multi-wave trains of ocean surface waves, and so provides a typical example for the exploration of single-wave resonance law in all wave fields.
Giant and controllable in-plane spin angular shifts in bulk and ultrathin magnetic materials
Authors: Li Qian-Yang , Yuan Shuai-Jie , Yang Jin , Wang Yong , Ma Zu-Hai , Chen Yu , Zhou Xin-Xing ,   Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Structures and Quantum Control of Ministry of Education, Synergetic Innovation Center for Quantum Effects and Applications, School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China,   International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 510086, China
Published: December 2022

The magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE) refers to the rotation of the polarization plane when a linearly polarized light is reflected at the surface of magnetic material. The MOKE reveals the magnetization of the optical properties of magnetic material and can be characterized by the dielectric tensor containing the magneto-optical constant. Thus, exploring the MOKE requires very precise determination of the magneto-optical constant. The photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE), which corresponds to the lateral and in-plane spin-dependent splitting of the beam, can be used as an effective method to characterize the magneto-optical constant due to its advantage of being extremely sensitive to changes in the physical parameters of the material. Most of the previous studies only considered the case of a single thickness of magnetic material and a single MOKE and need to introduce complex weak measurement techniques to observe the photonic spin Hall effect. In this work, we theoretically investigate the in-plane spin angular shifts in three MOKE cases in bulk and ultrathin magnetic materials. We can effectively tune the in-plane angular displacements of different magnetic material thickness by changing the magnetic field direction corresponding to different MOKEs and changing the magneto-optical constants (including amplitude and phase). The research results show that in the case of bulk and ultrathin magnetic materials, the internal spin angular displacements under different MOKEs will show different trends when the magneto-optical constants change the amplitude and phase, especially in ultra-thin magnetic material. In the lateral Kerr effect in thin material, the photon in-plane angular displacement does not affect the change of the magneto-optical constant, but in other cases, the amplitude relative to the phase has a much larger effect on the photon in-plane angular displacement. In this regard, we propose a new method which can directly determine the amplitude and phase of the magneto-optical constant by using the huge in-plane spin angular displacement without considering the weak measurements and can also judge different MOKEs according to the variation of the in-plane angular displacement in the bulk and ultrathin magnetic materials. This method not only provides a new probe for measuring magneto-optical constants but also expands the study of spin photonics.
Influence of electron temperature anisotropy on wave mode propagation and power deposition characteristics in helicon plasma
Authors: Li Wen-Qiu , Tang Yan-Na , Liu Ya-Lin , Wang Gang ,   Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
Published: December 2022

As the core issue in helicon discharge, the physical mechanism behind the high ionization rate phenomenon is still not fully understood. Based on the warm plasma dielectric tensor model which contains both the particle drift velocity and temperature anisotropy effect, by employing the general dispersion relation of electromagnetic waves propagating in magnetized and uniform plasma with typical helicon discharge parameter conditions, wave mode propagation characteristic and collisional, cyclotron and Landua damping induced wave power deposition properties of azimuthally symmetric mode are theoretically investigated. Systematic analysis shows the following findings. 1) Under typical helicon plasma parameter conditions, i.e. wave frequency ω/(2π)=13.56 MHz, ion temperature is one tenth of the electron temperature, and for a given magnetic field B0 (or wave frequency ω), there exists a critical wave frequency ωcr (or magnetic field B0,cr), above which (or below B0,cr) the damping of the n = 1, 2, 3 cyclotron harmonics begins to increase sharply. 2) For the electron temperature isotropic case, the attenuation constants of different harmonics start to increase significantly and monotonically at different thresholds of magnetic field, while the phase constant abruptly increases monotonically from the beginning of the parameter interval. On the other hand, for the electron temperature anisotropic case, both the phase constant and attenuation constant have peaking phenomenon, i.e. the attenuation constant begins to increase sharply at a certain value of B0 and meanwhile the phase constant presents a maximum value near the same value of magnetic field, thus the phase constant starts to keep constant at a certain value of B0 and meanwhile the attenuation constant has a maximum value near this same value of magnetic field. 3) For the wave power deposition properties, under electron temperature anisotropy conditions, power deposition due to collisional damping of Trivelpiece-Gould (TG) wave plays a dominant role in a low field (B0 = 48 Gs) (1 Gs = 10–4 T); by considering the electron finite Larmor radius (FLR) effect, the power deposition of TG wave presents a maximum value at a certain point of parallel electron temperature Te,//; with the decrease of Te,⊥/Te,//, the maximum value of power deposition increases gradually. All these findings are very important in further revealing the physical mechanism behind the high ionization rate in helicon plasma.
Transcriptional profiling of Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria syndrome fibroblasts reveals deficits in mesenchymal stem cell commitment to differentiation related to early events in endochondral ossification
Authors: San Martin Rebeca , Das Priyojit , Sanders Jacob T , Hill Ashtyn M , McCord Rachel Patton
Published: December 2022

The expression of a mutant Lamin A, progerin, in Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome leads to alterations in genome architecture, nuclear morphology, epigenetic states, and altered phenotypes in all cells of the mesenchymal lineage. Here, we report a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptional status of patient derived HGPS fibroblasts, including nine cell lines not previously reported, in comparison with age-matched controls, adults, and old adults. We find that Progeria fibroblasts carry abnormal transcriptional signatures, centering around several functional hubs: DNA maintenance and epigenetics, bone development and homeostasis, blood vessel maturation and development, fat deposition and lipid management, and processes related to muscle growth. Stratification of patients by age revealed misregulated expression of genes related to endochondral ossification and chondrogenic commitment in children aged 4–7 years old, where this differentiation program starts in earnest. Hi-C measurements on patient fibroblasts show weakening of genome compartmentalization strength but increases in TAD strength. While the majority of gene misregulation occurs in regions which do not change spatial chromosome organization, some expression changes in key mesenchymal lineage genes coincide with lamin associated domain misregulation and shifts in genome compartmentalization.
Working strokes produced by curling protofilaments at disassembling microtubule tips can be biochemically tuned and vary with species
Authors: Murray Lucas E , Kim Haein , Rice Luke M , Asbury Charles L
Published: December 2022

The disassembly of microtubules can generate force and drive intracellular motility. During mitosis, for example, chromosomes remain persistently attached via kinetochores to the tips of disassembling microtubules, which pull the sister chromatids apart. According to the conformational wave hypothesis, such force generation requires that protofilaments curl outward from the disassembling tips to exert pulling force directly on kinetochores. Rigorously testing this idea will require modifying the mechanical and energetic properties of curling protofilaments, but no way to do so has yet been described. Here, by direct measurement of working strokes generated in vitro by curling protofilaments, we show that their mechanical energy output can be increased by adding magnesium, and that yeast microtubules generate larger and more energetic working strokes than bovine microtubules. Both the magnesium and species-dependent increases in work output can be explained by lengthening the protofilament curls, without any change in their bending stiffness or intrinsic curvature. These observations demonstrate how work output from curling protofilaments can be tuned and suggest evolutionary conservation of the amount of curvature strain energy stored in the microtubule lattice.
Is calcium a link between inflammatory bone resorption and heart disease?
Authors: Klein Gordon L
Published: December 2022

Several epidemiologic studies associate bone-resorbing chronic inflammatory conditions with increased risk of atherosclerotic heart disease. These include post-menopausal osteoporosis, spinal cord injury, rheumatoid arthritis, and osteoarthritis. Additional studies have noted that the use of anti-resorptive agents following hip fracture, during rheumatoid arthritis, and prior to intensive care management have resulted in reduced overall mortality and mortality from cardiovascular disorders. The careful study of burn patients has allowed us to detect that children and adolescents have a mechanism that protects them from the entry of calcium into the circulation following inflammatory bone resorption. That is, they respond to pro-inflammatory cytokines by up-regulating the parathyroid calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) with consequent development of hypocalcemic hypoparathyroidism and hypercalciuria. As extracellular calcium appears to exacerbate and/or prolong the inflammatory response, this responsiveness of the CaSR to inflammatory cytokines may be the factor that reduces cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In adults with chronic inflammatory conditions, the ability of the CaSR to respond to pro-inflammatory cytokines is lost, suggesting that the calcium that enters the circulation following inflammatory bone resorption may persist in the circulation, entering the small coronary blood vessels and favoring the formation of coronary artery calcification, inflammation, and consequent cardiovascular disease.
Fundir el espejo y esculpir la imagen. Tarkovsky, agricultura y la transformación del paisaje
Authors: Gil-Fournier Martínez Abelardo
Published: December 2022

En su libro The Cinematic Footprint (2012), la teórica de los estudios sobre el cine Nadia Bozak propone un análisis de la producción cinematográfica basado en su relación con los consumos y los recursos naturales de los que ésta depende. Desde este punto de vista, este artículo parte de tres escenas de la filmografía del realizador ruso Andrei Tarkovsky para examinar, desde las condiciones materiales de su producción, un campo de interacciones entre imagen y transformación del paisaje más allá de la representación. El trabajo de Tarkovsky es entonces analizado en este texto desde el marco de las relaciones trabadas a lo largo del siglo XX entre imagen, extractivismo y crecimiento vegetal. En particular, los planos examinados son puestos en relación con programas de colonización agraria, agricultura de precisión y técnicas de reforestación como el bombardeo de semillas. El contraste entre la naturaleza extractivista de la mediación por la imagen en estos casos y el carácter de "práctica de cine vegetal" con el que ha sido descrito el cine de Tarkovsky (Uhlin 2015) invitan a rearticular la diferencia entre imagen y crecimiento vegetal en términos de los llamados "medios elementales" introducidos durante la última década en el ámbito de la teoría de los medios.
Teatro y Proceso Constituyente en Chile: Tres Obras
Authors:   Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile (Chile), Aravena B. Jonathan
Published: December 2022

Chile se encuentra en un momento de revisión, discusión y reformulación del ordenamiento constitucional legado por la dictadura que deberá traer consigo una nueva carta fundamental que selle este proceso de deliberación y abra una nueva etapa para la república. El teatro chileno de la segunda década de esta centuria avizoró el conflicto abierto por distintos agentes de la sociedad civil contra la constitución de 1980 y activó sus propias estrategias para agregarse a estos esfuerzos, incidir y acelerar el proceso constituyente que, poco a poco, abrasó a la sociedad en su conjunto. El artículo revisa tres obras que tomaron parte de este proceso, contextualizando su aparición y centrando su análisis en el uso dado a la palabra como factor clave en el desarrollo de este proceso; creando una reflexión entre el teatro y lo político, motivado por esta contingencia y encrucijada.
Sexismo en Educación Superior: ¿Cómo se Reproduce la Inequidad de Género en el contexto Universitario?
Authors:   Universidad de O'Higgins (Chile), Espinoza Catalán Ana María , Albornoz Natalia ,   Universidad de O’Higgins (Chile)
Published: December 2022

En Chile, como en muchos países del mundo, se observan manifestaciones de inequidad de género en educación que menoscaban el aprendizaje y desarrollo de todas y todos. Además de factores estructurales, existen factores psicosociales como los estereotipos de género y prácticas pedagógicas sexistas que se reproducen en educación y contribuyen a mantener las brechas en las actitudes hacia el aprendizaje y logro académico. Se realizaron dos estudios para explorar si estudiantes (Estudio 1) y docentes (Estudio 2) universitarios presentan estereotipos de género y prácticas pedagógicas sexistas. Además, se exploraron diferencias entre grupos, así como el efecto de los estereotipos en las actitudes de estudiantes y en las prácticas docentes. Se utilizaron cuestionarios de autorreporte que midieron motivación y autoconcepto académico respecto a la carrera, atribuciones causales, estereotipos de género explícitos y prácticas pedagógicas sexistas. Participaron 297 estudiantes y 85 docentes de una universidad pública chilena. Los análisis revelan estereotipos de género en estudiantes y docentes, especialmente en hombres y en estudiantes que atribuyen mayor importancia a ser masculinos(as). Además, mujeres y estudiantes que otorgan más importancia a ser femeninos/femeninas valoran más el esfuerzo y rendimiento académico. Los resultados también revelan que para mujeres, pero no para hombres, la importancia atribuida a ser femenina es un predictor positivo del autoconcepto académico. Por último, que los estereotipos de género de docentes predicen sus prácticas pedagógicas sexistas. Se discuten los hallazgos en torno a las implicancias para los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje en educación superior y para iniciativas que busquen mayor equidad de género.