bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does the Thinking Skills Programme have a positive effect on prison behaviour?
Authors: Merola Melanie
Published: January 2023

Purpose:

The effect of the Thinking Skills Programme (TSP) on prison behaviour and psychometric outcomes was evaluated. Different factors were evaluated to assess if they had an impact on the outcomes

Method:

Prison behaviour was analysed for those who had completed TSP at a Young Offenders Institute (N=199). Offence type, sentence type, risk level, need for the programme and treatment readiness were assessed to identify their impact. Psychometrics were analysed to assess for clinically significant change and the factors above were also considered. Findings of behaviour analysis were compared to findings for psychometric analysis to check for correlations.

Results:

Behaviour significantly improved six months after completion of TSP. Behaviour at the end of the course and sentence type significantly contributed towards this. The most clinically significant change was found on the impulsivity measure. Three of the measures had factors which significantly contributed towards change. There were small correlations between behaviour change and clinically significant change.

Conclusion:

The results demonstrate that prison behaviour in Young Offenders is improved six months after completing TSP and that some clinically significant change is shown.
Patient and staff experience of a ward-based risk management system
Authors: Long Clive G. , Anagnostakis Katina , Banyard Ellen , Silaule Pheon , Dolley Olga
Published: January 2023

Introduction

Ensuring safety in secure psychiatric units for women is dependent on a clear rationale and structure underpinning risk management. The reinforcement of positive behaviour needs to be balanced by contingencies to prevent ineffective behaviours being reinforced. The use of a Risk Stage System is based on the notion of equality of contingency for similar risk behaviour.

Method

Secure ward staff and women patients completed service structured interviews to determine their view of the Risk Stage System in terms of its perceived value in risk management and recovery.

Results

Staff and patients with previous experience of the Risk Status System positively evaluated it. Patients in medium security currently subject to the system were divided on the issue of whether it helped in focussing on recovery and keeping patients and staff safe.

Discussion & Conclusions

The division between staff and patients’ opinion indicates the need to thoroughly engage patients in the risk management process, to arrive at a shared understanding of boundaries and to consistently implement agreed procedures.
The Dstl and the role of the psychologist
Authors: Butcher Fiona
Published: January 2023

The following article aims to explain the Dstl and how psychologists work within the organisation. This is illustrated by describing a particular research challenge that has been faced by the Ministry of Defence (MoD) in the last couple of years.
Psychopathy, personality disorder and sexual offending: Addressing personality disordered schema, therapy interfering behaviours and risk through an integrated human needs based treatment for reducing risk of sexual offending
Authors: Worthington Dr Rachel
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this paper will be to explore the treatment of psychopathy, personality disorders and sexual offending in order explain the rationale for a new group treatment intervention designed to target risk of sexual offending amongst high risk males with complex personality disorder. The paper will argue that as a result of early childhood and adolescent experiences, this client group may develop schemata which presents in treatment as therapy interfering and that this should be targeted within the group prior to exploring offending behaviour. The paper outlines each sequential aspect of the ‘Positive Pillars’ sex offender treatment group which attends to all of the principles of risk, need and responsivity in terms of ‘What Works’ when treating sexual offending and at the same time provides an integrative treatment that is evidence based for targeting therapy interfering behaviours.
SHAPE: A review of a group-based intervention for sexually harmful male youth
Authors: Williams L. , Mason C.L. , McMullon M.
Published: January 2023

This paper evaluates SHAPE (Sexually Harmful Adolescent’s Progressive Education), a group-based intervention programme for sexually harmful adolescents which teaches psychological and social skills in order to address areas of need associated with risk. The SHAPE programme was run twice with three participants in each group (N=6). Results indicated that there were some significant changes to participant’s beliefs and attitudes as well as levels of anger control. These results suggest that the SHAPE programme is effective at delivering its aims but further data is required to assess the impact of the programme on actual offending behaviour.
Learning to lead with compassion: A reflection on the development of an Assistant Psychologist Forum
Authors: Grocott Jenna , Herring Helen
Published: January 2023

This article reflects the experience of two Higher Assistant Psychologists setting up a successful Assistant Psychologists’ Forum across the largest geographical trust in the North East of England. The forum was established over three years ago with the intention of fostering professional development and peer relationships, with an emphasis on ourselves as leaders of the future.
Support through enhanced management (StEM): Asking ‘what happened to you’ and ‘how can we help you’
Authors: Sutcliffe Gillian , Gilbert Hannah , Lesnik Emily , Lloyd Karen , Smith Aiveen , Day Rebecca , Jackson Emily
Published: January 2023

The current article provides an overview of the Support through Enhanced Management (StEM) process that operates throughout most of the Women’s prison estate1and is delivered by the Women’s Estate Psychology Service (WEPS).
Pathways through burglary: A model of burglary and desistance for female offenders
Authors: Day Rebecca , Howard Flora Fitzalan
Published: January 2023

In order for Her Majesty’s Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS) to effectively help women who commit burglary offences to reduce their risk of reoffending and lead fulfilling offence-free lives, we need to understand why they commit these types of crimes and what helps them to successfully desist. There is limited existing research on women who commit burglary. This study aimed to address this, and in doing so makes recommendations for working effectively with this group of women in our care. The study involved in-depth inter-views with ten adult women serving custodial sentences for burglary. The grounded theory analysis generated a theoretical model that explains the pathways into burglary, factors which maintain their offending and potential desistance pathways.
A critical review of the Good Lives Model and its application to forensic services
Authors: Robinson Rebecca J. , Walker Jenna
Published: January 2023

The Good Lives Model is a well-established framework for addressing criminal behaviour. Whilst its empirical basis is widely understood, its practical application to forensic services is less well established. The current literature review aims to summarise how the model has been utilised to date with varying offender populations, and provide recommendation for developing its application in practice.
Developing complementary therapy services: A systematic approach
Authors: Richardson Janet
Published: January 2023

A consensus development process was used to establish referral guidelines to a new complementary therapy service. A detailed service evaluation used patients on the waiting list as a control group, and examined the effectiveness of the treatments using the SF-36 Health Survey as an outcome measure. Statistical procedures and sensitivity analyses were used to assess potential biasing effects due to lack of randomisation and non-response. The results demonstrated that patients who had treatment experienced significant improvements in health status as measured by the eight scales of the SF-36 and the transition question. Patients in the waiting list control group experienced no change, other than getting worse on one SF-36 scale. With the exception of the physical functioning scale significant differences were found between treatment and control groups at outcome. This approach provides a model for the development and evaluation of a new clinical service where evidence for its effectiveness is limited.
Perceptions and experiences about Chlamydia in young women in Scotland: Knowledge, condom use and access to health services – a pilot qualitative study (Brief Research Report)
Authors: Chouliara Zoë , Kratzias Athanasios , Goulbourne Alison , Smart Helen
Published: January 2023

Chlamydia trachomatis is a sexually transmitted infection that, despite being largely asymptomatic, can have serious effects on women’s health, including inflammatory pelvic disease and even infertility. Despite recent increase in the rate of Chlamydia infection especially in young women, research in this area in the UK and Scotland in particular is rather limited. As a result our understanding of the views of this highrisk group regarding Chlamydia and measures to protect from infection (e.g. condom use) is very limited. This on-going pilot study will focus on the views and experiences of young women in Scotland regarding Chalmydia. Twelve semi-structured individual interviews will be conducted with female university students, addressing knowledge about Chlamydia, views about use condoms as protection against a Chlamydia infection and about access to sexual health services. It is envisaged that the findings will provide important information on this important health issue in a high - risk population group. It is anticipated that such issues will be examined in depth in the main study and that findings of the present research will inform future research and policy in this area.
Successful outcomes or psychological losses? Young people’s experiences of leaving residential care
Authors: Goodall Karen , McVittie Chris , Snowdon Elinor
Published: January 2023

Outcome-based evaluations of the transition from residential care settings to independent living tend to point to successful transitions, however, little research exists that investigates ex-residents’ perceptions of the process. Based on semi-structured interviews, the present study examined eight participants’ perceptions of the transition and their experience of independent living. Using interpretative phenomenological analysis, four themes emerged: unplanned leaving, losing support, alternative support, and psychological ill-health. Although participants’ concerns were consistent with those identified in outcome-based studies, their perceptions of independent living point to ongoing problems such as the need to find support and maintain psychological well-being.
The development of a training programme for nurses working in cardiac rehabilitation: Understanding and applying psychological techniques
Authors: Newson Lisa , Povey Rachel
Published: January 2023

This article provides a description of a training programme within an NHS setting, recently designed, implemented and evaluated by the first author of this article. The training aimed to teach psychological techniques to staff working within an NHS cardiac rehabilitation team (June, 2006). Details of why the training was required and how it was designed, delivered and evaluated are provided.
Developing a qualitative methodology to explore children’s perceptions of the road environment
Authors: Bayley Mariana , Lupton Ken
Published: January 2023

This paper describes how a child-oriented methodology was developed to investigate children’s views of the road environment. The research set out to observe children’s actual usage and behaviour on the road on video, complemented by qualitative research to explore their perceptions, views and experiences. Techniques were developed to facilitate in-depth probing of relevant and sensitive issues, including the disclosure of aberrant behaviour and transgressions that children might typically make. Recruitment criteria, interview style and stimulus material used in discussions were carefully designed to enhance a spirit of trust and confidence among child participants in our bid to collect meaningful data.
MSc Health Psychology Work Placements: A Stage 1 Trainee Health Psychologist’s experiences of smoking cessation
Authors: Mavji Deepa
Published: January 2023

Why wait until the Stage 2 Qualification Health Psychology to develop the core competencies?
On the Ethics Committee
Authors: Wainwright Tony
Published: January 2023

We are living through times of great change both for psychology as a profession, but also for humanity world-wide. These changes have significant ethical dimensions. The British Psychological Society’s Ethics Committee was established 10 years ago and provides a place for the debate and formulation of policy advice to the Society, which has ranged from the Code of Ethics and Conduct to the Society’s response to climate change. This paper is an account of the work of the Committee and a request for readers to become involved in this work.
Parental cognitions in explanatory models of young children’s oral health-related behaviour and dental decay outcomes: A systematic review
Authors: Gilinsky Alyssa S.
Published: January 2023

The following sysstematic review presents evidence from four theoretically-based cross-sectional studies which investigate the role of parental cognitions in understanding young children’s oral health-related behaviours and outcomes. Findings indicate that the attitudes and beliefs of parents or caregivers of young children have significant predictive power in explaining self-reported tooth brushing, intentions to control sugar snacking and clinical decay outcome. In particular, measures of parents’ self-efficacy or perceived control beliefs appear particularly important in explaining variance in behavioural and dental decay outcomes. Researchers and clinicians involved in developing explanatory models of oral health and intervention approaches with young children should give greater consideration to the role of parental cognitions. This will improve our knowledge about how to change oral health preventative practices to improve oral health in this population.
Research – DHP Conference Bursary: The process of developing a behaviour change service for looked after young people in an applied setting
Authors: Dale Hannah
Published: January 2023

Looked after young people (LAYP) suffer worse outcomes than their peers, in terms of their sexual health. However, there is little research with this group and no reported evaluations of interventions to improve sexual health outcomes. To build the evidence for the development of a sexual health intervention for LAYP a qualitative needs assessment was conducted with 10 LAYP in Fife, Scotland. The findings were integrated with health psychology theory and literature to develop a behaviour change service for this group. Based on the needs assessment this is a broad flexible service, offering support for a range of health issues, alongside consultancy for carers and workers. The process of developing a behaviour change service has enabled the author to meet many Stage 2 competencies and has assisted in carving a career in the NHS working with a vulnerable population group.
Events: DHP Annual Conference 2010 review
Authors: Coleman Jacqueline
Published: January 2023

Queen’s University Belfast, 15–17 September 2010.
Research: The relationship between Drive for Muscularity (DFM), Attention to Body Shape (ABS) and Waist-Chest Ratio (WCR) measurements in males
Authors: Wardle Emma
Published: January 2023

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between scores on the Drive for Muscularity Scale (DFM), Attention to Body Shape (ABS) and Waist-Chest Ratio (WCR) measurements. Sixty-six male participants completed the three questionnaires and participants’ waist and chest measurements were also taken. The results showed that men prefer a more linear body shape for themselves but believed that other men prefer the V-shaped ideal, with a broad chest and a slim waist. WCR and ABS significantly predicted DFM behaviours and the ABS also significantly predicted DFM attitudes. WCR measurements did not significantly predict DFM attitudes. Therefore, actual body shape and amount of attention paid to body shape predicts drive for muscularity behaviours while attention to body shape predicts drive for muscularity attitudes. The results are discussed in relation to implications for men’s health.
Research: Healthy hydration in the workplace
Authors: Blake Holly
Published: January 2023

Adequate hydration is critical for the maintenance of good health and has many long-term benefits which make it an essential part of any healthy lifestyle. Dehydration is often associated with negative health outcomes (Chan et al., 2002). Workers often report dehydration and difficulties with regular access to drinking water. Furthermore, healthy hydration is often an aspect of employee well-being that is overlooked despite the growing existence of interventions focused on improving access to facilities which enhance employee health in the NHS. Hydration should be considered as part of employee well-being interventions. Employers have a duty of care to provide their staff with access to good quality drinking water throughout the working day. The wellness of NHS staff is important, and being adequately hydrated on the job may benefit not only the individuals concerned but ultimately patient care.
Development of a theory and evidence–based sex education intervention on Chlamydia for secondary school students
Authors: Joshi Puja , Newby Katie , Lecky Donna M. , McNulty Cliodna A.M.
Published: January 2023

This article describes the process taken to develop a Relationship and Sex Education (RSE) intervention, for students in years 9 to 11 (aged 14 to 16) in the UK, targeting risk perceptions of Chlamydia Trachomatis. RSE lessons are a good vehicle for intervention delivery as they can reach large numbers of the target audience and evidence suggests sex education can have a positive impact on sexual risk taking (Kirby, 2007). The intervention was developed in collaboration with Public Health England (PHE; previously known as the Health Protection Agency [HPA]) to complement existing, free to download resources for teachers hosted on their educational website:http://www.e-bug.eu/. This paper describes the concept of Intervention Mapping and proceeds to briefly present each stage of this process.
Reflections on Stage 2 training in Health Psychology
Authors: Jenkinson Elizabeth , Naqvi Habib
Published: January 2023

This paper reflects upon the experience of undertaking Stage 2 training in Health Psychology from the perspective of two health psychologists who completed the Professional Doctorate in Health Psychology at the University of the West of England, Bristol. Strategies that were found to be helpful during the training period are reflected upon, and presented alongside advice from previous authors and British Psychological Society guidance. It is suggested that being proactive, collaborative, organised, realistic, open minded, sociable and cultivating a work life balance may be beneficial in progressing towards Chartership and professional practice as a health psychologist.
Inspiring psychological knowledge: A summary of the keynotes of the 2014 DHP Annual Conference
Authors: Juzar Victoria
Published: January 2023

This piece highlights the keynote speeches given by Health Psychologists at the Annual DHP Conference 2014 and summarises the presentations in terms of contents, produced impression, and contribution to psychological knowledge.
Using a mindfulness–based approach to weight loss: A brief pilot
Authors: Deane Jennifer , Lusher Joanne
Published: January 2023

The aim of this pilot study was to assess the benefits of using a brief mindfulness meditation approach to weight loss. Twenty participants (21 per cent men, mean age 31 years) with a BMI between 25 and 39.9 kg/m2were randomly assigned to one of three groups: mindfulness; healthy eating; or weigh–in only. Weight, BMI, self–esteem and mindfulness measures were taken on three occasions (pre– mid– and postintervention). Reductions in weight and BMI were found across all three groups, as were increases in participant’s self–esteem and mindfulness scores. No significant group differences were found. It is likely that this is a result of the small sample size and brevity of the intervention, therefore longer lasting interventions with a larger sample need to be trialled.
A health psychology practitioner in a learning disability setting
Authors: Clarke Hilary
Published: January 2023

This paper demonstrates that health psychology practitioners can play a vital role in supporting people with learning disabilities to have healthier lifestyles. The extensive expertise acquired during health psychology training can offer a variety of skills which complement other professionals working with this client group. It is well documented that people with learning disabilities have poorer health than the general population and that they face health inequalities in accessing the care they require. Health psychologists can work towards minimising these inequalities in novel and imaginative ways. This current article will outline the role health psychologists can have in working with this client group whilst identifying the challenges and differences involved. The role addresses the four aims of health psychology as defined by the Division of Health Psychology.
Setting up and initiating PPI as a collaborative process benefits research in its early stages
Authors: Varkonyi-Sepp Judit , Cross Ainslea , Howarth Peter
Published: January 2023

Objectives

The value of involving patients and members of the general public in health research is recognised, but it is often done in a tokenistic manner, without real partnership between researchers and public and patient involvement (PPI) members, and at later stages of the research trajectory. This project applied recommendations from recent systematic reviews on PPI practices, to collaborate early in the research process.

Methods

Six PPI members volunteered to discuss the aims and methods of the study proposal. Three members had respiratory conditions, two had other health conditions, and one member was a carer. A lay summary of the study and patient–directed materials were supplied to PPI members preceding a face–to–face PPI meeting with the lead researcher and one co–investigator. Key recommendations were followed–up and decisions reported back to the PPI group.

Results

The meeting confirmed that the study was relevant and useful to service users and the public. The PPI group proposed changes for improved clarity and utility of some instruments, alongside strategies for participant recruitment and retention.

Conclusion

Early collaboration with the PPI group validated the research proposal, and helped improve the study design and methods. Collaboration will continue through data review to dissemination of results.
Conducting a systematic review: Demystification for trainees in health psychology
Authors: Forshaw Mark , Tod David , Eubank Martin
Published: January 2023

The purpose of this article is to define and detail the steps in conducting systematic reviews for trainees and supervisors. We also offer suggestions garnered from our experiences reading, conducting, publishing, and reviewing such manuscripts. Steps include developing specific questions and inclusion/exclusion criteria, undertaking a multi-strategy literature search, implementing replicable data extraction methods, assessing study quality, and employing transparent procedures for synthesising and presenting results. Suggestions include developing a proposal and having it critiqued, allowing sufficient time to conduct a review, keeping meticulous records, and adhering to established procedures.
The lived experience of women who have Hereditary Angioedema: An exploratory study
Authors: Adams Philippa , Kilinç Stephanie
Published: January 2023

Hereditary Angioedema (HAE) is more prevalent in women than men (Bouillet, 2010) and can have a negative impact upon quality of life (QOL) (Gomide, et al., 2013), yet there is a paucity of qualitative research examining the lived experience of HAE. This study aimed to explore women’s experiences of living with HAE using a qualitative design. Ten women with HAE, recruited through HAE UK, shared their lived experience through completing written, online accounts. Three themes were identified through descriptive phenomenological analysis. The first highlighted how a lack of awareness of HAE from medical professionals impedes diagnosis and treatment. The second theme revealed how women with HAE strove to experience control over their lives, whilst the third highlighted how medication was key to them regaining a sense of control over their lives. The psychosocial impact of HAE requires further research attention to develop effective support mechanisms for women with HAE. Awareness of HAE amongst health professionals requires improvement and women with HAE would benefit from support from Health Psychologists to manage the psychosocial impact of the condition on their lives.
Can body appreciation, body function and body mass index contribute to intuitive eating?
Authors: Oflaz Elif , Garip Gulcan , Tatsi Eirini
Published: January 2023

This study explores a non-weight centric approach to eating behaviour assessment, by examining the patterns of association between body appreciation, body function and BMI and intuitive eating. It extends existing research to focus on a diverse non-clinical sample and explores the moderating effect of age on variables. A correlational study design was applied, where body appreciation, body function and BMI were served as predictors, and intuitive eating as the outcome variable. Age was included as a covariate. Multiple regression analysis, using the Enter Method, and partial correlations were performed to test the study hypotheses. Non-clinical participants (N=139), from 22 countries, provided data online using validated self-report measures of body appreciation (BAS-2; Tylka & Wood-Barcalow, 2015), body function (OBCS; McKinley & Hyde, 1996), BMI, and intuitive eating (IES-2; Tylka & Kroon Van Diest, 2013). Body appreciation, body function and BMI were associated with intuitive eating behaviour, explaining 45.1 per cent of total variance. Body appreciation and body function were positively associated with intuitive eating, while BMI showed negative association. The proposed relationships were moderated by age. Findings provide further support on the field of intuitive eating behaviour and draws fruitful directions for further research of non-weight centric approaches.
It pays to quit: A review of evidence about how financial incentives may improve smoking cessation during pregnancy
Authors: Wyke Eleanor , Elander James
Published: January 2023

Helping women to stop smoking during pregnancy is a major priority for health professionals and evidence suggests that financial incentives can be effective. With the aim of maximising the benefits and minimising unintended negative consequences, this paper gives a brief review of evidence about using financial incentives for smoking cessation during pregnancy, with a special emphasis on how financial incentives work. The review showed that financial incentives can increase pregnant women’s capability, opportunity and motivation to stop smoking. The evidence supports five specific recommendations about how financial incentives should be used in future to reduce smoking during pregnancy, including measures to increase public acceptability. These recommendations can contribute to updating published UK policy for smoking cessation during pregnancy, including the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guideline on stopping smoking in pregnancy and after childbirth (PH26).
Does coaching work or are we asking the wrong question?
Authors: Fillery-Travis Annette , Lane David
Published: January 2023

Within the context of an expanding market for coaching in all its forms organisations are asking the questions ‘Does coaching work?’ They seek evidence of a return on investment. We argue within this paper that this is the wrong question. Before we can ask whether coaching works we must ask how is it being used, is a coherent framework of practice and finally is it perceived or quantified as being effective within that framework?

We review the practitioner and academic literature as well as our own research to address each of these questions in turn. We posit a framework of practice based upon the coaching agenda identify by coachee and coach within the contracting phase of the engagement. This encompasses the coaching mode and role as well as the supervisory relationships which exist. The research literature is then considered in the context of the framework.
Shifting perspectives: One year into the development of the British Psychological Society Special Group in Coaching Psychology in the UK
Authors: Whybrow Alison , Palmer Stephen
Published: January 2023

Objectives:This paper presents the findings from a follow-up survey exploring the practice and opinions of the membership of the Special Group in Coaching Psychology (SGCP).

Design:The study was cross sectional in design.

Method:This survey of Coaching Psychologists was conducted in December, 2005, 12 months after the formation of the SGCP. The survey focused on psychologists’ practice as coaches and their views on a number of relevant issues such as the necessary training and experience to practise as a coaching psychologist.

Results:Building on the work of two previous surveys (see Whybrow & Palmer, 2006), there are many consistencies with these earlier surveys and some interesting shifts. More psychologists are identifying coaching as a formal, albeit part-time, aspect of their practice. There was a desire for the SGCP to build and maintain a strong presence in the broader coaching arena, and to promote the value that psychology brings to this field of practice. The issue of flexible, inclusive methods of accreditation were a specific focus. Indeed, this area of emerging tensions is captured by the desire on the one hand for a formal qualifications route to demonstrate competence as a coaching psychologist, and on the other the desire for informality and openness captured by the SGCP currently.

Conclusions:The outcome of this third survey of the perspectives of coaching psychologists highlights some trends that are ongoing, and points to the first significant challenge for the practice of Coaching Psychology in the UK as the demand for accreditation and recognition increases.
Enhancing goal self-concordance through coaching
Authors: Burke Daniel , Linley P. Alex
Published: January 2023

Objectives:Research shows that self-concordant goals are more readily pursued, better achieved, and their attainment can lead to increases in well-being. This study assesses whether executive coaching in turn affects self-concordance.

Design:We hypothesised that the heightened awareness produced by coaching leads to changes in self-concordance (type of motivation) and commitment (a measure of the amount of motivation). A single group design with repeated measures was used.

Method:26 participants – all senior managers in business – identified three goals and then received a one-to-one coaching session focused on one goal, but received no coaching on the remaining goals.

Results:The hypothesis was supported, with significant changes (increases) in self-concordance and commitment for the coached goal. There were also significant increases in self-concordance and commitment for some of the other non-coached goals.

Conclusion:These results are discussed with reference to the goal attainment and coaching literature, and suggestions made for further research.
Optimistic managers and their influence on productivity and employee engagement in a technology organisation: Implications for coaching psychologists
Authors: Arakawa Dana , Greenberg Margaret
Published: January 2023

Objectives:Executive coaches are often involved in working with executive managers. The objective of this study is to investigate whether teams are more engaged and productive when led by an optimistic manager. Furthermore, we hypothesise that optimistic managers embody positive leadership – employing a strengths-based approach, maintaining a positive perspective, and frequently providing recognition and encouragement – which increases the engagement and productivity of their employees.

Design:The study used a cross-sectional survey design at two time points.

Method:The researchers developed a survey to measure this concept of positive leadership. In addition, two measures were used: the Life Orientation Test Revised (LOT-R) to measure optimism and the Gallup Organisation’s Q12to measure engagement.

Results:In a cross-sectional study of 86 employees and 17 managers in an Information Technology (IT) organisation, positive leadership correlated with employee optimism, engagement, and project performance. When we looked at a subset of this data prospectively, with 39 employees and 14 managers, manager optimism predicted project performance.

Conclusions:Our data support the claim that positive leadership is correlated with employee engagement and performance, and further extends the importance of optimism in the workplace. Coaching implications are also discussed, in terms of exploring how coaching psychologists can work with executives to develop their managerial style.
The meeting of the minds: Positive psychology and coaching psychology
Authors: Kauffman Carol , Linley P. Alex
Published: January 2023

As part of this special issue of theInternational Coaching Psychology Review, Carol Kauffman and Alex Linley sought the views of some leading figures in positive psychology about how they saw a positive coaching psychology. Here is what they had to say.
The coaching relationship:An interpretative phenomenological analysis
Authors: Gyllensten Kristina , Palmer Stephen
Published: January 2023

Objectives:There is a lack of research on the coaching relationship (O’Broin & Palmer, 2006a). The current paper will present the findings from a qualitativstudy that explored experiences of workplace coaching including the coaching relationship.

Design:The study adopted a qualitative design and the data was analysed by Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (Smith, Jaraman, & Osborn, 1999).

Methods:Nine participants, from two large organisations, were interviewed about their experiences of coaching.

Results:‘The coaching relationship’ was identified as a main theme which, in turn, comprised of three sub-themes; valuable coaching relationship; trust; and transparency. These themes highlighted that the coaching relationship was very valuablefor the participants and that this relationship was dependent on trust and improved by transparency.

Conclusions:It was concluded that it is important that coaches are aware of, and are working with, the coaching relationship. Nevertheless, the participants also highlighted that the relationship was not the only factor that made coaching useful. Working towards goals and improving performance were also valuable components of the coaching. It was, therefore, suggested that coaching may be most beneficial if it incorporates a number of components, including a focus on the relationship.
Appreciative Inquiry Coaching
Authors: Gordon Sandy
Published: January 2023

In this paper the principles and processes of Appreciative Inquiry (AI) and Appreciative Inquiry Coaching (AIC) are described to illustrate the theory and vision behind a recent paradigm shift in promoting change both in business and everyday life settings. Appreciative Inquiry evolved in the 1980s as a revolutionary and positive philosophy aimed at creating organisational change and is a process that focuses on leveraging an organisation’s core strengths, rather than seeking to overcome or minimise its weaknesses. Appreciative Inquiry has been used to cultivate peak performance leadership in the workplace and appreciative organisational practices have been used to create strategic competitive advantages. The AI 4-D Model (Discovery, Dream, Design and Destiny) is used to illustrate how AIC can be applied by coaching practitioners and additional applications of appreciative coaching that address frequently encountered coaching issues are provided.
Applying sport psychology to business
Authors: Ievleva Lydia , Terry Peter C.
Published: January 2023

There has been a substantial increase in the application of sport psychology theory and practice in business settings in recent years. This paper outlines points of intersection and divergence between sport and business, and provides examples from sport that are of use in business settings. This paper also draws upon Orlick’s 2008 evidence-based model of excellence, as a vehicle for illustrating key skills associated with peak performance across a variety of high-stress domains including sport, music, and medicine. We posit that this model can be applied to improving performance in the corporate world. The ‘Wheel of Excellence’ model incorporates seven key elements, with Focus as the hub, in addition to Commitment, Mental Readiness, Positive Images, Confidence, Distraction Control, and Ongoing Learning. Given the close parallels between business and sport psychology, it is anticipated that increasing attention will be devoted to their integration and application crossover in the future.
The judicious use of hypnosis in coaching and coaching psychology practice
Authors: Palmer Stephen
Published: January 2023

This paper focuses on using hypnosis as an adjunct to coaching to reduce stress and enhance performance when dealing with non-clinical issues such as performance anxiety. Comparisons will be made with the use of relaxation as a technique within coaching. A basic hypnosis script is included.
Assessing the efficacy of Authentic Leadership group-coaching
Authors: Fusco Tony , O’Riordan Siobhain , Palmer Stephen
Published: January 2023

Introduction:National survey data from the US suggests that over the last decade there has been a growing crisis in confidence in business and political leadership, which is possibly one reason for the increased scientific research into the emerging field of Authentic Leadership – AL. Much evidence is starting to accumulate into both a conceptualisation of AL and its potential organisational benefits. However, what seems slow to follow is a scientific approach to Authentic Leadership Development – ALD. This study reports on the efficacy of one particular form of ALD, namely authentic leadership group-coaching.

Design:Five 3-month long group-coaching interventions were run over a period of two years and a repeated measures design was employed to evaluate whether these AL coaching groups had an impact on the scores of two scientifically validated AL measures; the Authentic Leadership Questionnaire (ALQ) and the Authentic Leadership Inventory (ALI).

Results:Analysis of the ALQ and ALI results found significant differences in the scores of both of these instruments. ALQ: t(24)=2.83, p<.009 & ALI: t(24)=3.84, p<.001.

Conclusion:It was therefore concluded that the relatively short-term Authentic Leadership coaching group is an effective form of Authentic Leadership Development.
A TEAM Model of challenge: Coaching individuals in organisations to meet their challenges
Authors: de Prez Phillip J.
Published: January 2023

Objectives:The objective of this study was to discover the individual’s beliefs surrounding challenge in a team based setting and to examine the notion of challenge in depth by investigating the complexity of components that constitutes what challenge means to the individual.

Design:A qualitative approach was taken utilising Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis to explore and describe in the participants’ own words how they view and make sense of challenge as a key motivation.

Methods:The study took place in a university in North Wales with fourteen participants. Part of the inclusion process was to ensure that all participants had or have experience of working in organisations with a strong team based work structure.

Results:From the study four themes emerged and together these areas form a new definition of challenge which states that challenge is not a singular construct but comprises numerous components which together are grouped into four distinct elements. The model comprises a Temporal component of challenge, an Emotive component of challenge, an Achievable component of challenge and a Motivational component of challenge (TEAM).

Conclusion:By taking the findings of this study into consideration it is suggested that coaching psychology interventions can be implemented which will benefit both the organisation and employee.
Executive coaching and national culture in the United Arab Emirates: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
Authors: Dodds Graham , Grajfoner Dasha
Published: January 2023

Objectives

This study explores the interaction between national culture and coaching methods that executive coaches use in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The objective is to develop understanding regarding whether executive coaches varied methods or approaches depending upon a coaching recipient being an Expatriate or a UAE National citizen.

Design

The research took place in the UAE, using semi-structured interviews with four participants. The participants were executive coaches with experience and understanding of different approaches and methods used in coaching psychology practice.

Methods

A qualitative method of data collection and analysis, Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), was used to examine the lived experience and making sense of rich individual narratives. The double-hermeneutic approach of IPA generated understanding via interpretation of the participant’s perceptions.

Results

Cultural Values, Business Environment and Approach and Methods were three themes that emerged from the study. National culture is a significant feature of life in the UAE, is omnipresent in the complex, multicultural business environment and manifests itself in differences of cultural values and dimensions. Whilst national culture is important, it is only one of many layers that shape an individual. Participants prioritise and customise their coaching approach based upon the coachee as an individual and their current contextual situation. Only small differences are identifiable in the utility of certain coaching methods due to national culture, however, the approach to coaching is adjusted to address higher expectations of direction, different motivational factors, different value systems and the higher emphasis on relationships and trust amongst Emiratis.
The need for neuro-linguistic programming to develop greater construct validity
Authors: Grimley Bruce
Published: January 2023

This paper tracks a practitioner’s journey through his attempts to understand the nature of neuro-linguistic programming (NLP). It draws from the author’s self-study, being both a master NLP trainer and a chartered psychologist and also from the author’s own PhD research, (Grimley, 2016) which explicitly asked the question ‘What is NLP?’ The author discusses the importance of finding an answer to this question should NLP as a field, and its application to coaching specifically, wish to validate its modality. Taking from psychometric literature the idea of construct validity, the author concludes that NLP needs to develop a more well defined and standardised definition as well as a more well defined and standardised certificated training route to NLP practitioner before it can usefully answer the question does NLP coaching work in a predictive way? The paper acknowledges and signposts the reader to the important work currently undertaken by the NLP Leadership Summit in this respect. The style of this paper is oriented towards an Action Research paradigm where ‘reflection in action and reflection on that reflection in action’ (McNiff & Whitehead, 2000, p.2) is regarded as an appropriate research protocol to produce valid knowledge for consideration, especially when adopting an insider perspective as was recommended for research into NLP by Einspruch and Forman (1985).
The evidence for NLP
Authors: de Rijk Lisa , Derks Lucas A.C. , Grimley Bruce , Hollander Jaap
Published: January 2023

After 45 years of strong development, global application and ongoing criticism, the contours of what constitutes NLP remain vague, to insiders and outsiders alike. NLP experts use more or less different definitions and criteria for the tools, techniques and foundation principles of NLP. This situation has made it nearly impossible to satisfy the request for research evidence of NLP’s effectiveness in coaching.

The purpose of this paper therefore is to commence a discussion of the challenges facing NLP in gaining legitimacy as a coaching approach without an evidence base. The paper critiques the extant literature on NLP coaching, and briefly reviews wider literature of NLP evidence in other contexts, notably the therapy world. This paper offers a summary of and critique of a recent Delphi Poll conducted to identify which of the tools, techniques and theoretical frameworks are considered to be NLP. The paper discusses the challenges for NLP evidencing its effectiveness in coaching and proposes empirical outcome based research utilising the core principles, skills, tools and techniques that have gained consensus in this Delphi Poll.
Family life coaching: A growing practice
Authors: Allen Kimberly I. , Machara Margaret , Baker Tara C.
Published: January 2023

Objectives

Family Life Coaching (FLC) is a growing, evidence-based practice for families that has grown in literature and numbers. However, there is a deficit of research describing theoretical foundations, competencies, and processes of those practicing FLC.

Design

This study sought to further understand and define FLC through qualitative case study inquiry using semi-structured interviews with 14 family life coaches across the US.

Results

The results suggest that FLC has theoretical underpinnings in family science and coaching psychology. Competencies of FLC include support, listening skills, client-centred approach, effective help giving, and translational skills. The FLC process mirrors those used in coaching psychology. Additionally, results suggested a strong desire for unified professionalism, rigor, and training standards amongst practicing family life coaches; as well as a desire for business practice knowledge, such as marketing.

Conclusion

This study provides a pragmatic examination of FLC with practical recommendations for those coaching on family life issues.
Listening to your heart or head? – An interpretative phenomenological analysis of how people experienced making good career decisions
Authors: Pop Gabriela Viorela , van Nieuwerburgh Christian
Published: January 2023

Objective

This study aims at building some knowledge concerning the connection between the decision-making process and the career-related outcomes. This knowledge is to help coaches to engage an efficient coaching process to provide the best support for clients with career decision-making problems. It examines the experience on the thinking processes undergone by eight people, in relation to their career choices which are subjectively perceived as ‘good decisions’.

Design

Based on the social constructivism paradigm, it is a qualitative research design.

Methods

Semi-structured interviews were used for data collection and interpretative phenomenological analysis for data examination.

Results

Four main themes emerged: ‘Emotional connection’ and positive feelings; Serendipity; Inside battle; Congruence between heart and head.

Conclusions

The decision-making process is perceived as a positive, easy and ‘smooth’ experience when the emotional and rational thinking align. Participants’ own conclusions converge on the importance of one being aware of both inner voices – head’s and heart’s. Being a new research topic, it requires further exploration, through qualitative and quantitative studies, as well. Specific implications and directions for future research are discussed.