bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIVERZITET BASIDIOMYCOTA NA PODRUČJU GLAMOČANA KRAJ BANJALUKE
Authors: Lolić Svjetlana , Stević Vuk , Dekić Radoslav
Published: April 2024

Bosna i Hercegovina zbog svog geografskog položaja, povolјnih klimatskih uslova i velikih površina pod šumama predstavlјa idealno stanište za razvoj različitih vrsta glјiva iz razdjela Basidiomycota. Međutim, dosadašnja istraživanja o diverzitetu glјiva bila su bazirana uglavnom na „zanimlјivim“ jestivim i otrovnim vrstama, dok neka ozbilјnija istraživanja njihovog diverziteta u okolini Banjaluke nisu vršena. Tokom 2015. godine ispitivan je kvalitativni sastav glјiva iz razdjela Basidiomycota na području Glamočana kraj Banjaluke. Sakuplјeno je 57 vrsta makroskopskih glјiva koje su svrstane u 28 porodica. Najzastuplјenija familija bila je Russulaceae sa 7 vrsta, iza koje slijede Polyporaceae sa 6 vrsta i Agaricaceae i Mycenaceae sa po 5 vrsta. Najveći broj vrsta obuhvaćenih ovim istraživanjem pronađen je tokom prolјeća – 38 vrsta, tokom jeseni su sakuplјene 22 vrste, a tokom lјeta svega 11 vrsta. Ukupan broj vrsta koje se na ovom lokalitetu mogu naći sigurno je još i veći budući da je sakuplјanje izvršeno u periodu od maja do oktobra na pristupačnim dijelovima terena.
A constituição da subjetividade feminina em Alfonsina Storni: uma voz gritante na América
Authors: Rocha Nildicéia Aparecida
Published: April 2024

As vozes literárias em prosa e verso e as atitudes “femininas/feministas” da escritora Alfonsina Storni (1892 – 1938), que nasceu na Suíça e passou a viver na Argentina a partir dos quatro anos, são consideradas referências na América Latina. Mas sua obra Poemas de amor (1926), foco deste estudo, constituída de poemas em prosa, tem sido praticamente ignorada pela crítica e pouco analisada. De acordo com Nildicéia Aparecida Rocha, a escritora revela posições aparentemente contraditórias em relação à mulher naquele livro, transitando entre a visão tradicionalista e/ou a visão contestatória a partir da condição de feminista. Sua identidade “feminina/feminista” seria construída, assim, em meio a certa contradição da representação da mulher no início do século 20, a qual aparece tanto na poeticidade dos textos quanto nos aspectos de narração e argumentação e nos jogos de diálogo entre o eu e o tu poéticos e o leitor. Nesta obra, a autora aborda ainda temas como a produção literária argentina das quatro décadas iniciais dos anos 1900 e o lugar da mulher na literatura hispano-americana da época, desenvolve uma breve biografia de Storni e mostra como foi a recepção crítica à sua obra. A segunda, mais teórico-analítica, Rocha discute, entre outras questões, conceitos como literatura e linguagem poética, diferenças e semelhanças entre poesia e prosa e sua relação com o poema em prosa e as marcas dialógicas que compõem os poemas de amor. Por fim, trata da construção da subjetividade “feminina/feminista” em Alfonsina Storni, percorre a formação histórica da crítica literária feminista e analisa seus poemas em prosa à luz dessa crítica.
Finite Groups Whose All Proper Subgroups Have Only Irreducible Characters of Square-free Degrees
Authors: Liu Shitian , Luo Xiaoqiang , Jiang Hongmei
Published: April 2024

Lewis determined the structure of finite groups whose irreducible character odd-degrees are square-free. In this paper, we give an identification of the structure of non-solvable groups whose proper subgroups have only square-free degrees.
Early Classification of Gram-negative Bacteria with Colony Imaging and Deep Learning without Coding Experience
Authors: Calgin Mustafa , Kalayci Hacer
Published: April 2024

Bacterial colony morphology is the first step in classifying bacterial species during the microbial identification process. It is very important to assess the morphology of bacterial colonies in a preliminary screening process to largely reduce the scope of possible bacteria species and increase work productivity in clinical bacteriology by making later identification more specific. However, making a decision about this topic requires sufficient clinical laboratory expertise. Teachable Machine® is a rapid, easy-to-use, web-based tool accessible to everyone that is used to create machine learning models. In this study, the performance of Teachable Machine® was assessed for cheap, rapid and practical identification of enteric and non-fermenting bacteria frequently isolated in microbiology laboratories. A total of 1202 colony images were used to train and validate the network's diagnostic performance. Additionally, 80 representative test images were used to assess performance. Level 1 was defined as E. coli-K. pneumonia, Level 2 was defined as P. aeruginosa-A. baumannii, Level 3 was defined as enteric bacteria-non-fermenting bacteria and Level 4 was defined as differentiating these four pathogens from each other. Mean accuracy of Teachable Machine® for the defined classes was 96.7%, 94.1%, 94.3%, and 90.3% for Levels 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. General accuracy for classification of the 80 representative colonies was 82.5% and the hit rates were 85.0%, 100%, 75.0%, and 70.0% for E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii, respectively. This cost-effective bacterial identification system, supported by deep learning, will be an important pioneer for a variety of applications in clinical microbiology by reducing the identification process by a significant degree and automating identification of colonies without requiring a specialist.
In Vitro Evaluation of Biocompatibility of Two Dental Alloys on Stem Cells from Apical Papilla – a Comparative Study
Authors: Dencheva Marya , Lyapina Maya
Published: April 2024

In the present study we performed a comparative in vitro evaluation of biocompatibility of two nickel-containing dental alloys produced by two different methods – conventional and powder metallurgy. Stem cells from apical papilla (SCAPs) were isolated, cultured and incubated in 6% solution of alloys powders in DMSO for 48 hours and further examined for apoptosis, proliferation and cellular metabolism. Our findings suggest that the alloys produced by the traditional method (Crystalloy N) release more electrically charged products of electrochemical corrosion, resulting in increased ROS production in SCAPs, increased percentage of apoptoic cells, decreased proliferative potential and tend to increase antioxidant enzymatic defence. No allergic pro-inflammatory effect of the metal alloys on stem cell cultures was confirmed.
Graph-based Tracing of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer by a Ceilometer: A Case Study
Authors: Danchovski Ventsislav
Published: April 2024

The atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) is an important factor in the atmospheric processes. It serves as an intermediary between the earth's surface and the atmosphere in the exchange of mass, energy, and momentum. ABL height (ABLH) also restricts the dispersion volume of atmospheric pollutants. The ABLH can be retrieved from lidar and ceilometer (low power lidar) backscatter profiles by tracing the increased aerosol loading associated with ABL. Numerous lidar-based algorithms are currently implemented, but their ability to trace ABL evolution is often limited. The main issues are related to the selection of the correct layer when multiple aerosol layers are present. To overcome the problem, we employ a graph-based approach to post-process already identified ABL candidates (determined by the gradient in ceilometer backscatter) in two cases. A simple non-parametric smoothing method was also utilized for comparison. Our findings indicate that the graph-based algorithm is superior to the smoothing method in obtaining a consistent tracing of the diurnal evolution of ABL over Sofia, although some issues were also encountered during the evening ABL transition.
Phase Analysis, Microhardness and Wear Resistance of Selective Plated Copper-Based Coatings Containing Silver Particles
Authors: Yankova Radostina , Veselinov Deyan , Skulev Hristo , Koeva Veneta
Published: April 2024

This study investigated the composition and properties of copper-based selective electrochemical coatings containing silver particles deposited on 316L stainless steel substrates. The method of formation of the coatings, using acid and alkaline electrolyte solutions, is described. A comparative analysis of the obtained coatings with selective copper coatings without added particles was carried out. An X-ray structural analysis was performed to determine the phase composition. Mechanical properties such as microhardness, surface roughness and wear resistance were investigated. The results show that the coatings are continuous, without visible defects, and the particles are deposited in depth as well. In both types of copper coatings with added silver particles, a dominant Cu phase and the presence of Ag were registered. It was established that the type of oxides formed in the deposition process is an important factor determining the microhardness and wear resistance of the coatings. The conclusions drawn confirm the effectiveness of the selective electrochemical deposition method for obtaining copper-based coatings containing silver particles and determine their characteristic mechanical properties.
Functional identification of soluble uric acid as an endogenous inhibitor of CD38
Authors: Wen Shijie , Arakawa Hiroshi , Yokoyama Shigeru , Shirasaka Yoshiyuki , Higashida Haruhiro , Tamai Ikumi
Published: April 2024

Excessive elevation or reduction of soluble uric acid (sUA) levels has been linked to some of pathological states, raising another subject that sUA at physiological levels may be essential for the maintenance of health. Yet, the fundamental physiological functions and molecular targets of sUA remain largely unknown. Using enzyme assays and in vitro and in vivo metabolic assays, we demonstrate that sUA directly inhibits the hydrolase and cyclase activities of CD38 via a reversible non-competitive mechanism, thereby limiting nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) degradation. CD38 inhibition is restricted to sUA in purine metabolism, and a structural comparison using methyl analogs of sUA such as caffeine metabolites shows that 1,3-dihydroimidazol-2-one is the main functional group. Moreover, sUA at physiological levels prevents crude lipopolysaccharide (cLPS)-induced systemic inflammation and monosodium urate (MSU) crystal-induced peritonitis in mice by interacting with CD38. Together, this study unveils an unexpected physiological role for sUA in controlling NAD+ availability and innate immunity through CD38 inhibition, providing a new perspective on sUA homeostasis and purine metabolism.
Spline Plotting Method to Visualize Climate Change of Heating and Cooling Degree-Days in North Carolina
Authors: Edgell Dennis J.
Published: April 2024

Degree-days are variables utilized for the planning, estimation and assessment of heating requirements and cooling demands of building interiors. Heating Degree-Days (HDD) are the number of degrees that a day's mean temperature is below 65° Fahrenheit (18° Celsius). Cooling Degree-Days (CDD) are the number of degrees that a day's mean temperature is above 65° Fahrenheit (18° Celsius). Long and short term climate changes have the potential to change heating and cooling. Original data were NOAA Climate Division areal averages for monthly total HDD and monthly total CDD. Raw data were downloaded from a NOAA online database. Univariate statistics for all eight North Carolina climate divisions were calculated. The time series of annual total HDDs and CDDs is complete from 1895 to 2017. A spline routine was fit through the series in order to best visualize trends. Results indicate that annual total HDD and CDD have changed over time, but the time series relationships are not linear. The most recent decades show that annual CDDs are rapidly increasing, while HDDs steadily decline. Energy demands for summer cooling will not be offset by decreased energy demands in winter.
Humour versus dignity in the public sphere
Authors: Holm Nicholas
Published: April 2024

Dignity is an important—perhaps even essential—aspect of a functioning public sphere: one where citizens can meet each other as equals and respectful antagonists in the exchange of different perspectives and reasoned opinions. This potentially poses a problem, however, for those who seek to invoke humour as a productive element of public conversation and deliberation. Even when humour is not explicitly critical, to treat a subject or person in comic terms is potentially to threaten their dignity in ways that could undermine their ability to meaningfully participate in the public sphere. In this article I argue that there is a need to more fully theorise ‘dignity’ in order to understand how humour circulates and functions in the public sphere. To that end, I first draw upon Axel Honneth’s political theory of recognition as the basis for an expanded conception of dignity that can be understood as the basis for claiming membership of a political community. This model is then tested through a consideration of the physical comedy of ‘pie-ing’ as an example of the elementary conflict between humour and dignity. Finally, the concept of comic indignity is explored as a way to consider which members of a public sphere can afford to suffer slights to their dignity, which cannot, and how this unequal vulnerability to humour might provide the basis for a new model for assessing the politics of humour in the public sphere.
From London Bridge to the Finsbury Park Mosque
Authors: Lobanov Nikita
Published: April 2024

The former Twitter (now called ‘X’) is a social media platform characterized by an intense exchange of posts by users on political themes. These posts can indicate the evolution of a social phenomenon around a pivotal event. The overarching theme of this paper is to observe and examine the posts of Twitter users following the London Bridge terror attack on June 3rd, 2017, and following another attack against the Finsbury Park Mosque on June 19th of the same month.  By means of a content analysis of a robust database of posts collected from the Twitter platform I was able to observe the reactions of radical right users during the attacks and reflect upon how hate was played out in terms of language and emotions. Despite the inevitable violence of these attacks, I detected the presence of humour in tweets as well as remarks that were predictably characterized by both physical and moral disgust. All tweets examined displayed at least one of Haidt’s Moral Foundations. My hypothesis is that humour too is a moral phenomenon which can exaggerate human behaviour.
Deadly Drawing
Authors: Michiels Steve
Published: April 2024

This article, consisting of 31 illustrations with annotation, presents the result of an artistic research project revolving around the question of how to use one’s power as a creator of humour. The reader/viewer is presented with insight into the life and thinking of cartoonist/artistic researcher Self-reflexive Steve, who engages in self-investigation because he is conscious of the virtues as well as the dangers of humour. In a globalised, diverse, and democratic world, it is important to consider different sensibilities within society. Self-reflexive Steve always regarded humour as a form of connecting communication, because when people are able to laugh together, they understand each other. However, Self-reflexive Steve increasingly wonders whether he has achieved his set targets, as he primarily acts for a captive audience and creates his humorous drawings from a safe stand-off in his ivory tower. His publications are always endorsed by the editorials of the magazines he is working for and this within a society where humour makers are protected and esteemed. However, in today’s society humour is frequently used to divide. As a cartoonist/researcher, Self-reflexive Steve explores the limits of his medium, deliberately going off the rails at times. As a humour maker he seeks to reclaim the right to use fantasy, lies, distortions, exaggerations and wild associations from those in power who deploy these qualities of humour to divide and rule.
Security risk models against attacks in smart grid using big data and artificial intelligence
Authors: Yasin Ghadi Yazeed , Mazhar Tehseen , Aurangzeb Khursheed , Haq Inayatul , Shahzad Tariq , Ali Laghari Asif , Shahid Anwar Muhammad
Published: April 2024

The need to update the electrical infrastructure led directly to the idea of smart grids (SG). Modern security technologies are almost perfect for detecting and preventing numerous attacks on the smart grid. They are unable to meet the challenging cyber security standards, nevertheless. We need many methods and techniques to effectively defend against cyber threats. Therefore, a more flexible approach is required to assess data sets and identify hidden risks. This is possible for vast amounts of data due to recent developments in artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning. Due to adaptable base behavior models, machine learning can recognize new and unexpected attacks. Security will be significantly improved by combining new and previously released data sets with machine learning and predictive analytics. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and big data are used to learn more about the current situation and potential solutions for cybersecurity issues with smart grids. This article focuses on different types of attacks on the smart grid. Furthermore, it also focuses on the different challenges of AI in the smart grid. It also focuses on using big data in smart grids and other applications like healthcare. Finally, a solution to smart grid security issues using artificial intelligence and big data methods is discussed. In the end, some possible future directions are also discussed in this article. Researchers and graduate students are the audience of our article.
Microbial communities of Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils. and the correlations between microbial community and the active secondary metabolites
Authors: Qin Xiaolu , Pu Han , Fang Xilin , Shang Qianqian , Li Jianhua , Zhao Qiaozhu , Wang Xiaorui , Gu Wei
Published: April 2024

Background

Schisandra sphenanthera Rehd. et Wils. is a plant used in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, great differences exist in the content of active secondary metabolites in various parts of S. sphenanthera. Do microorganisms critically influence the accumulation of active components in different parts of S. sphenanthera?

Methods

In this study, 16S/ITS amplicon sequencing analysis was applied to unravel microbial communities in rhizospheric soil and different parts of wild S. sphenanthera. At the same time, the active secondary metabolites in different parts were detected, and the correlation between the secondary metabolites and microorganisms was analyzed.

Results

The major components identified in the essential oils were sesquiterpene and oxygenated sesquiterpenes. The contents of essential oil components in fruit were much higher than that in stem and leaf, and the dominant essential oil components were different in these parts. The dominant components of the three parts were γ-muurolene, δ-cadinol, and trans farnesol (stem); α-cadinol and neoisolongifolene-8-ol (leaf); isosapathulenol, α-santalol, cedrenol, and longiverbenone (fruit). The microbial amplicon sequences were taxonomically grouped into eight (bacteria) and seven (fungi) different phyla. Community diversity and composition analyses showed that different parts of S. sphenanthera had similar and unique microbial communities, and functional prediction analysis showed that the main functions of microorganisms were related to metabolism. Moreover, the accumulation of secondary metabolites in S. sphenanthera was closely related to the microbial community composition, especially bacteria. In endophytic bacteria, Staphylococcus and Hypomicrobium had negative effects on five secondary metabolites, among which γ-muurolene and trans farnesol were the dominant components in the stem. That is, the dominant components in stems were greatly affected by microorganisms. Our results provided a new opportunity to further understand the effects of microorganisms on the active secondary metabolites and provided a basis for further research on the sustainable utilization of S. sphenanthera.
Barreiras que limitam a implementação da logística reversa
Authors: Maduro Renata da Silva , Rodriguez Carlos Manoel Taboada
Published: April 2024

Este artigo apresenta uma análise das barreiras que dificultam a implementação de Sistemas de Logística Reversa nas indústrias, em relação aos aspectos: econômicos e financeiros, de gestão e organizacionais, de tecnologia e infraestrutura, legais e políticos e de conhecimento e experiência. Os resultados indicam a existência de uma série de pontos críticos que necessitam ser discutidos e resolvidos para que a logística reversa passe a ser vista como solução estratégica para as indústrias destacando as vantagens econômicas e ambientais advindas dessa prática. Para este estudo, foi feita a revisão da literatura e análise de dados, obtidos a partir de questionários respondidos por especialistas em logística reversa, da área acadêmica e da indústria. Por fim, foi utilizado o método DEMATEL para identificar o grau de influência que uma categoria de barreiras exerce sobre as outras.
ECOSISTEMAS consolidates its commitment to an open and fair publishing system and moves towards its internationalization
Authors: Bartomeus Ignasi , Hernández Mateo Laura , Jiménez-Eguizábal Leyre , Molina-Morales Mercedes , Sobral Mar , Benavides Raquel , C. Bastias Cristina , Pérez-Luque Antonio Jesús , Garrido-Bautista Jorge , Villellas Jesús , Palencia Pablo , Miquelajauregui Yosune , Pérez-Méndez Néstor , Lacerot Gissell , Astigarraga Julen , Viota María , Álvarez-Martínez Jose Manuel , Clemente-Orta Gemma , Montagud Daniel , Cruz-Alonso Verónica
Published: April 2024

ECOSISTEMAS consolidates its commitment to an open and fair publishing system and moves towards its internationalization
Biodiversidad y funcionamiento de los ríos intermitentes: retos en un contexto de cambio global
Authors: Hurtado Pilar , Arias-Real Rebeca
Published: April 2024

Los ríos intermitentes y las corrientes efímeras son ecosistemas acuáticos singulares que experimentan de manera natural y periódica periodos sin flujo de agua superficial, tanto temporal como espacialmente (Datry et al. 2016). Estos cursos de agua, por tanto, alternan una fase húmeda o acuática, donde el agua fluye superficialmente, y una fase seca o terrestre, en la que el flujo de agua desaparece por completo (Datry et al. 2014). Debido a su alto dinamismo, los ríos intermitentes y las corrientes efímeras albergan una fracción muy importante de la biodiversidad, tanto acuática como terrestre, siendo esenciales para proveer servicios ecosistémicos clave que aseguren el bienestar humano (Rolls et al. 2018).
Clinical Profile and Prevalence of Hyponatremia in Critically-ill Patients of All Age Groups
Authors: Bhutda Sakshi , Kumar Sunil , Bhutda Shricha
Published: April 2024

Hyponatremia is defined as a serum sodium level of <135 mEq/L. It is the most prevalent electrolyte imbalance encountered in hospital admissions around the world. Hyponatremia has been reported to be present in between 3.4% to 39.4% of hospital admissions, and it is substantially more prevalent in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU). It has been connected to an increase in mortality, hospital stays, and morbidity. An imbalance of specific ionised salts (sodium, potassium, calcium, bicarbonate, and chloride) in the blood is known as an electrolyte problem. Volume abnormalities are the main cause of disturbances in salt homeostasis, which largely produce neurologic symptoms. Serious consequences arise when these electrolyte imbalances worsen, which are frequent clinical issues in the ICU. Hyponatremia has a multifaceted aetiology and it can be of three types: euvolemic, hypovolemic, or hypervolemic hyponatremia. Regardless of being a frequently encountered electrolyte disturbance, hyponatremia is poorly acknowledged. Its relationship with a myriad of fundamental illnesses and its many aetiologies with varying pathological and physiological pathways make diagnosis problematic. Clinicians should be skilled at recognising the symptoms, causes, and aetiologies of hyponatremia when treating sick patients. The signs, symptoms, and causes of hyponatremia should be readily apparent to clinicians treating unwell patients. The present review focuses on the symptoms and clinical findings of hyponatremia in the critically-ill patient and discusses the types, pathophysiology, and clinical profile of these patients.
Effect of i.v. Magnesium Sulphate versus i.v. Dexamethasone on Intraoperative Haemodynamic and Postoperative Analgesia after Spinal Anaesthesia in Lower Limb Surgeries: A Randomised Clinical Study
Authors: Kaur Hersimran , Garg Sahil , Sah Pranay , Prasad Ram Nandan , Marken Bhavika
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Intrathecal adjuvants have gained favour in recent years with the goal of extending the duration of a block. Among these, Dexamethasone possesses anti-inflammatory and analgesic action and can be given as an adjuvant to local anaesthetics to enhance the efficacy of regional anaesthesia, as well as to decrease the intensity of shivering. The addition of Magnesium sulphate (MgSO4 ) to spinal anaesthesia helps in improving postoperative analgesia in an orthopaedic setting. Aim: To compare the effects of Intravenously (i.v.) MgSO4 and i.v. dexamethasone on intraoperative haemodynamics, the time to achieve dermatome T10 intraoperatively, and to compare postoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores between the two groups at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours after surgery. Materials and Methods: This randomised clinical trial was conducted, and patients were randomly divided into two groups. Group M (n=40): MgSO4 40 mg/kg given 15 minutes before spinal anaesthesia in 100 mL normal saline infusion i.v. Group D (n=40): Dexamethasone 8 mg given 15 minutes before spinal anaesthesia in 100 mL normal saline infusion i.v. The parameters assessed included haemodynamic parameters, time to achieve dermatome T10 intraoperatively, postoperative VAS score at 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 hours after surgery, and any side-effects like sedation, respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, pruritus, urinary retention, bradycardia, and hypotension. Statistical testing was conducted using the statistical software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 28.0. Results: There was no significant difference in demographic variables (age and gender) between the two groups (p-value>0.05). However, the decrease in mean heart rate, Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), and Mean Arterial Blood Pressure (MAP) was greater in group D compared to group M at different time intervals (p-value<0.05). Additionally, dermatome level T10 was achieved earlier in group D by approximately two minutes compared to group M (6.95±0.39 minutes versus 5.03±0.16 minutes, respectively, p-value<0.001). Conclusion: An i.v. infusion of 8 mg dexamethasone in 100 mL normal saline was more effective compared to an i.v. infusion of 40 mg/kg MgSO4 in terms of achieving more stable haemodynamics intraoperatively and achieving the T10 dermatome level earlier.
Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Association of CD55 and CD59 in Colorectal Carcinoma: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Hazra Rathin , Khan Ananya , Mondal Rajib Kumar , Rakshit Sarbari Kar
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Colorectal Carcinoma (CRC) is one of the significant causes of fatality worldwide. High-grade and highstage cancers contribute to this fatality. In most terminal cases, new immunomarkers (CD55 and CD59) are commonly detected as positive. The expression of these immunomarkers and their clinical relevance in CRC has not yet been firmly established. While their upregulation has been demonstrated in some CRC several groups have also reported that they are not highly expressed in CRC tissues. Aim: To study the expression of CD55 and CD59 in CRC. Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 90 patients with colorectal growth, conducted from February 2020 to July 2021 in the Department of Pathology in collaboration with the Department of General Surgery at Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Histopathological findings were evaluated, and associations of grading, staging, tumour type, tumour location, age, and sex were studied with immunomarkers (CD55 and CD59). Clinical parameters of the patients with CRC diagnosed by colonoscopic biopsy were also studied, including age, sex, clinical pictures, food habits, family history of CRC, and prior chemotherapy. The Chi-square test was used to determine the significance of the study. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 27.0 (IBM, Illinois, US). A p-value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 90 CRC patients were included in this study, with the majority being male 56 (62.2%) aged 51-60 years. Most cases 59 (65.6%) were moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma, followed by poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma 18 (20%) and well-differentiated adenocarcinoma 13 (14.4%). About 62 (68.9%) and 28 (31.1%) patients showed strong and weak CD55 expression, respectively. In total, 65 (72.2%) and 25 (27.8%) patients exhibited strong and weak CD59 expression, respectively. The association of CRC grade and stage with CD55 and CD59 was significant (p-value=0.0001, p-value=0.0013, p-value=0.0001, and p-value=0.0001, respectively). Conclusion: There are several variables to consider during the histopathological reporting of CRC, with tumour differentiation, grade, and stage being among the most important. Particularly, high-grade (poorly differentiated) and high-stage adenocarcinomas demonstrate enhanced expression of CD55 and CD59, indicating a poor prognosis. It is essential for pathologists to meticulously perform grossing and reporting of CRC and dispatch the histopathology report after proper clinicopathological correlations. These immunomarkers can also be included in a routine IHC panel for prognostic and therapeutic purposes.
Assessing the Role of Status Epilepticus Severity Score in Predicting Outcome in Patients with Convulsive Status Epilepticus: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Ansari Ahmad Ghayas , Zafar Lubna , Khan Ruhi , Nasar Ariba
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Status Epilepticus (SE) is a neurological emergency that necessitates prompt intervention and treatment. The Status Epilepticus Severity Score (STESS) is a clinical tool developed to assess the mortality rate among patients diagnosed with Convulsive Status Epilepticus (CSE). Aim: To assess the accuracy of STESS in predicting the outcome of CSE. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India from December 2020 to November 2022, involving 110 patients aged more than 15 years presenting with CSE lasting more than five minutes. Age, gender, seizure type, history of epilepsy, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), and STESS at presentation were assessed and associated with the outcome. Results: Among the 110 patients included in the study, there was a higher number of male patients compared to female patients. The mean age of the patients was 35.77±17.9 years. The most prevalent type of seizure observed was generalised tonic-clonic seizures, accounting for 65.45% of the cases, 9.09% of the patients expired, 89% of the patients had a STESS below 2. The Receiver-Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve for STESS at presentation to predict in-hospital mortality had an area under the curve of 0.859, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) from 0.780 to 0.918, and p-value<0.0001. It had a sensitivity of 70%, specificity of 95%, Positive Predictive Value (PPV) of 58.3%, Negative Predictive Value (NPV) of 96.9%, and diagnostic accuracy of 92.73%. Conclusion: Assessment of in-hospital mortality at the onset of SE was reliably determined by STESS and is an useful clinical score. To fully comprehend the reasons for the high overall mortality rate following SE and potential prognostic factors, more research is required.
Foraging ecology of eucalypt forest and woodland birds in the Great Western Woodland I: Small insectivores
Authors: Recher Harry F.
Published: April 2024

Australian warblers (Acanthizidae) and pardalotes (Pardalotidae) are abundant keystone species in Australia. Collectively they help regulate arthropod populations and dampen outbreaks of phytophagous insects. Their conservation in the face of habitat degradation and climate change is essential for the retention of healthy forest ecosystems and biodiversity. Information at the level of detail required for effective conservation management is missing for most Australian birds, including warblers and pardalotes. It is unlikely the data needed for the conservation of these species will be obtained in time to prevent further losses of avian biodiversity. However, it is important to try. This paper describes the foraging behaviour during spring of seven species of Australian warblers and pardalotes (small insectivores) in the Great Western Woodland, Western Australia and expands our knowledge of the ecology of these birds. As reported for small insectivores elsewhere in the world, species differed in prey-attack behaviours, foraging substrates, plant species used for foraging, foraging heights, and habitats. These data are used to explain why, without changes in how Australia approaches the preservation of biodiversity, abundant birds, such as Australian warblers and pardalotes will decline towards extinction.
Understanding the Growth and Trend Patterns of Palm Oil Imports in India: An Innovative Trend Analysis
Authors: Latha K. Naga , Rao V. Srinivasa , Sarada C. , Reddy A. Amarender , Sreenivasulu K. N.
Published: April 2024

Aim: India, with its large population, is one of the world's largest consumers of edible oils, and palm oil is a major component of this consumption. The objective of the study was to understand the growth and trend patterns of palm oil imports in India.
Data Description: Monthly palm oil imports to India in terms of quantity from April 2007 to March 2023 was collected from various sources, including ICT Trade Map and UNCOMTRADE, based on the six-digit Harmonized System (HS) code.
Methodology: Various parametric (Linear regression) and non-parametric (Modified Mann-Kendall’s Test, Sen’s slope and Innovative Trend analysis) approaches used for analyzing the trend in the India’s palm oil imports quantity.
Results: The analysis revealed a mixed trend in palm oil imports, with a weak but definite pattern indicated by the linear regression analysis (R² = 0.1079). The Modified Mann-Kendall test identified significant growth in August and September, while the Innovative Trend Analysis highlighted strong increasing trends in February, March, April, and August, with September showing the most significant import growth.
Conclusion: These findings underscore the importance of monitoring and understanding palm oil import trends for policymakers, traders, and stakeholders in the edible oil industry.
Effect of Different Organic Manures on Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) Production in Central Region of Punjab, India
Authors: Kumar Umesh , Singh Sandeep Kumar , Yadav K. K. , Kumari Kamlesh , Mehmi Vishavjot , Singh Lovepreet
Published: April 2024

The present investigation was carried out at Experimental Farm of the Department of Agriculture, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India during summer season, 2018. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design (RBD) with three replications and fourteen treatments having basal dose of FYM @ 15 t ha-1 except in control. The present study was done to find out the effect of different levels of organic manures i.e. poultry manure and vermi-compost on the production of the chilli (Capsicum annuum L.).All the growth parameter i.e. plant height (cm), plant spread (cm), number of leaves plant-1, number of branches plant-1, days to 1st flowering, days to 50% flowering and yield attributes such as number of fruits plant-1, average fresh fruit weight (g), fruit length (mm), fruit breadth (mm), yield plant-1(g) were found maximum in treatment 12 (T12) which was carried out at 25% FYM+25% Poultry manure+50% Vermi-compostamong all the treatments which was statistically at par with treatment T14(50% Poultry manure+25% FYM+25% Vermi-compost) and T2 (RDF @ N-75, P-30, K-30 kg ha-1) in most of the attributes but the control (T0)shown the poor results in all the attributes. These results suggested that the optimum production of chilli can be obtained with application of 25% FYM+25% Poultry manure+50% Vermi-compost.
In-depth Photo-physical Properties, Characterization and Cell Imaging Applications of 2, 6-dicyanoanilines Based on Iso-phthalaldehyde and Tere-phthalaldehyde Frame
Authors: Kudale Ananada S. , Kamble Santosh B. , Prabhawale Sanjay S. , Kudekar Deepak Y. , Gophane Anna D. , Chavan Monika S. , Ghumatkar Sangita V. , Helavi Vasant B.
Published: April 2024

In current manuscript we have reported the interesting fluorescence properties, characterization and cell imaging applications of 2, 6-dicyanoanilines based on iso-phthalaldehyde and tere-phthalaldehyde frame. Earlier preliminary reported work was further extended to in-depth study of photo-physical properties like quantum yield, Fluorescence decay, stock shifts etc, and screening of representative compounds (1b and 2b) for use in fluorescent cell imaging applications. The 2, 6-dicyanoanilines based on iso-phthalaldehyde and tere-phthalaldehyde frame were showing very interesting photo-physical properties and promising prospectus for cell imaging applications.
Phytochemical Constituents of Sap, Root and Leaf Extracts of Calotropis Procera from Select Regions in the Gambia
Authors: Bah Alagie , Etonihu Anayo Chris
Published: April 2024

Medicinal plants serve as potential cure for animal and human diseases as they contain phytochemicals for therapeutic values. Most of the modern drugs produced are isolated from herbal plants. This research reports on the phytochemical constituents of the methanolic and dichloromethane (DCM) extracts of the sap, root and leaf of Calotropis procera in three select regions in The Gambia namely the West Coast Region, North Bank Region, and Lower River Region. The sap was collected in an air-tight test tube; the root and leaf were dried at room temperature for three weeks and one month, respectively and further ground into powder. Soxhlet extraction of the sap was done using both DCM for 30 minutes at 40oC to 50oC and methanol for 3 h at 60oC to 70oC. The root and leaf were extracted using cold maceration for 72 h. The methanolic extracts showed the presence of alkaloids, quinones, saponins, flavonoids, terpenoids, steroids, and carbohydrates in the sap and leaf. Quinones were present in the DCM extract of the sap and root, but absent in the leaf. While flavonoids and terpenoids were present in the sap and leaf extracts, they were absent in the root. Alkaloids, saponins, and steroids were absent in the sap and root extracts, but found in the leaf. Tannins and phenols were absent in both the methanolic and DCM extracts. The results of each of the samples collected at the three different regions were similar in their phytochemical constituents for the extracting solvents; but varied with the different solvent. The findings of this research allude to the fact that the sap, root and leaf of C. procera are good sources of therapeutic compounds that are responsible for the use of this plant in herbal medicine in The Gambia.
Bioaccumulation and Depuration Dynamics of Nickel Chloride in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Exposed to Sub-lethal Concentrations
Authors: Sheethal K.U. , Nadoor Prakash , Somashekara S. R. , Suryawanshi U.A. , Shelke S. T. , Pathan J. G. K.
Published: April 2024

The current objective of this research is to examine the bioaccumulation and subsequent depuration levels of nickel chloride within vital organs such as the gills, liver, and kidney of Oreochromis niloticus under controlled laboratory conditions. The fish were subjected to exposure under two sub-lethal concentrations, i.e., 1/5th (9.39 ppm) and 1/10th (4.69 ppm), for 28 days of absorption and subsequently transferred to uncontaminated, good aerated water for 28days of elimination (depuration). Following 28 days of exposure to lower sub-lethal and higher sub-lethal nickel chloride concentrations, the sequence of bioaccumulation of nickel chloride in organs was observed as kidney > liver > gills. The depuration trend for higher and lower concentrations was gills> liver > kidney. The kidney exhibited the highest accumulation of Ni. Meanwhile, the Ni depuration in the gills was significantly (p<0.05) more when compared to other routes following exposure to both concentrations.
This research assessed nickel chloride's bioaccumulation and depuration dynamics in Oreochromis niloticus, providing insights into its physiological responses to metal exposure. The study concludes that nickel accumulates predominantly in the kidney, with gills exhibiting the highest depuration rates, highlighting the importance of understanding metal uptake and elimination mechanisms in aquatic organisms for effective pollution management.
Growth and Flowering of Lilium (Lilium longiflorum) cv. Eremo as Affected by CCC and GA3 under Naturally Ventilated Polyhouse Conditions of Prayagraj
Authors: Sankar Vibin , Bahadur Vijay , Fatmi Urfi
Published: April 2024

The present investigation was carried out under naturally ventilated polyhouse conditions, Department of Horticulture, SHUATS, Prayagraj, during November, 2023 to March, 2024. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. There were nine treatments comprising of Cycocel (CCC) and Gibberellic Acid (GA3) at different concentrations viz., GA3 (100, 200, 300 and 400 ppm) and CCC (100, 200, 300 and 400 ppm) along with Water spray. The results revealed foliar application of 300 ppm GA3 for Lilium significantly enhanced the number of leaves (71.83), plant height (76.47 cm), plant spread (15.44 cm), leaf area (9.73 cm2),number of buds (3.40),at 300 ppm of GA3 it takes lesser days taken for bud initiation(40.40),and also less days taken for first flower opening from planting (68.53), flower bud length (8.83 cm), flower stalk length (12.43 cm), stalk length (78.10 cm), self-life  (12.97 days),flower yield per plant (3.40) and flower yield for 250 m2(6296.29) . Among the different treatments, the highest Gross return is 188888.7 Rs/250 m2, Net return is 120870.75 Rs/250 m2 and Benefit cost ratio is 2.77, obtained by the application of 300 ppm of GA3.Whereas in terms of only Bulb parameters, foliar application of 200 ppm of CCC for Lilium reported maximum number of bulblets per plant (4.11) and gives maximum weight of bulb per plant (74.07g).
Evaluating Little Millet (Panicum sumatrense L.) Based Intercropping System on Growth, Yield and Nutrient Status of Soil under Rainfed Condition
Authors: Vivekavadhani A.R. , Mohanapriya R. , Sharmili K. , Poonguzhali R. Susan
Published: April 2024

Aims: To determine the suitable component crop and its row pattern for enhancing growth and yield of little millet under intercropping system.
Study Design:  Randomized complete Block Design (RBD).
Place and Duration of Study: The field experiment was carried out during the rabi season from October 2023 – January 2024 at Instructional north farm in Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu.
Methodology: This field experiment consists of 3 replications with eleven treatments viz., T1 – Little millet sole crop, T2 – Little millet + black gram (4:1), T3 – Little millet + black gram (6:1), T4 – Little millet + green gram (4:1), T5 – Little millet + green gram (6:1), T6 – Little millet + redgram (4:1), T7 – Little millet + redgram (6:1), T8 – Little millet + cowpea (4:1), T9 – Little millet + cowpea (6:1), T10 – Little millet + bengal gram (4:1), T11 – Little millet + bengal gram (6:1).
Results: The results of the experiment showed that T2 little millet + black gram (4:1) recorded the higher growth parameters like plant height (127.6 and 133.6 cm at 60 DAS and at harvest stage) and LAI of 5.23 and 4.84 at 60 DAS and at harvest stage, respectively and also produced higher yield parameters like no.of tillers plant-1 (9) and no.of productive tillers (8) with higher grain and stover yield of 1326 and 4109 kg ha-1 and it is statistically parallel with T4 little millet + green gram (4:1). And also, nutrient uptake was highest (N – 40.8, P – 5.7 and K – 33.5 kg ha-1) in little millet + black gram (6:1). Regarding the post harvest soil fertility status, little millet + cowpea (4:1) registered the highest available NPK (339, 47.6 and 197 kg ha-1). Therefore, intercropping of black gram or green gram with little millet under rainfed condition would be the ideal recommendation.
Influence of Organic Nutrient Management on Growth and Physiological Parameters of Redgram (Cajanus cajan L.)
Authors: S Hemalatha , E Iyarin thanka mahil , R Mohanapriya , D Vanathi , B Balaganesh
Published: April 2024

The field experiment was conducted to study the “Effect of organic nutrient management in growth and physiological parameters of redgram (Cajanus cajan L.) and executed during rabi season 2023 - 2024 at North farm, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Coimbatore. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with 11 treatments and 3 replications. The result revealed that maximum plant height, number of root plant-1, dry matter production, leaf area index, crop growth rate, relative growth rate, net assimilation rate was found higher in 50% N equivalent based FYM @ 2.5 t ha-1 + 50% N equivalent based vermicompost @ 0.416 t ha-1 (T4) and 100% RDF + FYM @ 12.5 t ha-1 (T10) and which was followed by 100% N equivalent based vermicompost @ 0.8 t ha-1 compared to control (T11). As the result from the study recorded and concluded that the interaction effect with 50% N equivalent based FYM @ 2.5 t ha-1 + 50% N equivalent based vermicompost @ 0.416 t ha-1 increases the crop growth and physiological parameters of redgram and results in higher production.
Incidence of Stem Rot of Cluster-bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba) in Major Growing Areas of Rajasthan, India
Authors: Sharma Shipra , Kumhar Data Ram , Choudhary Anand , Kumari Santosh , D. Rashmi , Jatav Arti
Published: April 2024

A survey was conducted in major cluster bean growing districts of Rajasthan during Kharif season 2022 and 2023 which showed the stem rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. is an imperative pathological problem, mostly in Bikaner, Shri Ganganagar and Hanumangarh districts. Average disease incidence was 22.33 per cent recorded in surveyed districts of Rajasthan. Highest average disease incidence (27.67%) was reported in Shri Ganganagar followed by Hanumangarh (22.50%) while lowest in Bikaner (16.83%) district.