bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prática Pedagógica Multimodal e Gamificada para Conscientização sobre a Temática do Câncer Infantil
Authors: Munari Fernanda , Santos Paulo Ricardo , Barbosa Débora , Bassani Patrícia
Published: May 2023

As tecnologias digitais estão cada vez mais presentes no cenário educacional, pois seu significado vai muito além de serem apenas recursos pedagógicos, uma vez que são constituídas por elementos da cultura. O presente estudo se articula ao projeto de pesquisa institucional "Jogos e Saúde - Desenvolvimento de um jogo digital multimodal para capacitação em prevenção e cuidado do câncer infanto-juvenil”. O jogo é destinado a professores e profissionais da área da saúde, visando o compartilhamento de informações sobre sintomas e diagnóstico precoce do câncer infanto-juvenil. Nesse sentido, este estudo propõe o desenvolvimento de uma prática pedagógica multimodal e gamificada, articulada ao jogo digital Educa+Saúde, validando o artefato em uma oficina de formação de professores. O objetivo é compreender de que forma o modelo de intervenção proposto pode contribuir para a sensibilização do tema em uma oficina de formação pedagógica com estudantes de Pedagogia. A pesquisa possui natureza aplicada, com abordagem qualitativa, com base na metodologia de Design Science Research (DSR). Concluiu-se, nesta pesquisa, que a prática pedagógica multimodal e gamificada mostrou-se eficaz para ensinar e conscientizar os participantes da proposta sobre o assunto do câncer infantil, colaborando para a validação do jogo e do recurso proposto neste estudo.
Transdiciplinaridade Mental
Authors: Tietsche Claudia
Published: May 2023

Objetiva-se, por meio dos processos de observar, participar, conhecer e agir, refletir sobre a liberdade e as limitações da transdisciplinaridade mental no desenvolvimento de uma teoria fundamentada. Este material escrito se organiza em quatro seções: a primeira destrincha o que pretendo com a nomenclatura transdisciplinaridade mental, a segunda dialoga com a observação participante etnográfica, a terceira relaciona-se com a pesquisa-ação e a última caracteriza, a partir das anteriores, a grounded theory biográfica. Um orientador desafiador, uma banca desafiadora, autores provocativos são sempre semeadores de questionamento, de movimento, para que o novo tenha oportunidade de surgir em um processo ativo e o campo das escolhas se oportunize para que o cultivemos com férteis sementes, para que outros saboreiem de seus frutos, e, se considerarem prudente, reutilizem as sementes que estes frutos guardam.
Letramento(s) na Perspectiva da Aprendizagem Significativa
Authors: Paula Maria Aparecida , De-Carvalho Plauto Simão , Miranda Sabrina
Published: May 2023

O atual panorama da Educação Básica no Brasil, conforme resultados do PISA (2018), requer especial atenção de estudiosos e do governo no que se refere ao nível de escolarização de proficiência em leitura (letramento), pois cerca de 50% dos estudantes não alcançaram tal proficiência ao final do ensino médio, como é o esperado. Assim, buscou-se verificar se há dialogicidade entre o modelo de letramento ideológico proposto por Street e a aprendizagem significativa de David Ausubel para responder ao seguinte questionamento: É possível ensinar/aprender (desenvolver) letramento de forma a tornar a aprendizagem significativa para o sujeito (estudante da Educação Básica)? No contexto apresentado, este artigo é um ensaio teórico que se baseia na leitura analítica de importantes autores que trabalham com a temática de letramento, bem como tecitura envolvendo o conceito de aprendizagem significativa de Ausubel. A conclusão é de que há a necessidade de a escola desenvolver o letramento na perspectiva da formação integral do estudante.
Inovação na Educação Infantil com o Auxílio do Aplicativo “Filmora GO”
Authors: Lenz Diones Patricia , Felin Maira Cristina , Bavaresco Paulo Ricardo
Published: May 2023

As reflexões desse artigo têm como objetivo discutir e abordar princípios sobre a inovação da educação e compartilhar inovações na prática da educação infantil usando o aplicativo Filmora Go (Vlogit). Diante das circunstâncias atuais e a falta de embasamento teórico prático nas escolas em relação aos conteúdos tecnológicos decidiu-se apresentar uma nova ferramenta para subsidiar novos conhecimentos aprimorando assim a metodologia de trabalho de cada docente. A construção coletiva de ações voltada ao mundo tecnológico e inovador rompe com práticas repetitivas e monótonas construindo assim outras possibilidades de educação no cotidiano das escolas. Tendo a compreensão de que a inovação na educação infantil vem para contribuir no método de ensino podemos enfatizar(refletir) que devemos potencializar cada vez mais a busca de um ensino de qualidade. Em busca dessas trocas de saberes, foram usados autores como referência para construir um debate teórico, sendo alguns deles: Carbonell (2002), Belloni (2005) e Hoffmann (1991). Foram abordadas questões junto aos professores para entender o que é inovar nas ações tomadas por eles e da importância dessas ações junto ao cotidiano escolar.
The analysis of energy recovered by an electric vehicle during selected braking manoeuvres
Authors: Szumska Emilia , Skuza Adriana , Jurecki Rafał
Published: May 2023

Electrical vehicles have the ability to partially recover some kinetic energy during braking. Kinetic energy is transformed into electric energy, which is fed to the battery by the control system and stored there for further use. The aim of this paper was to analyse the levels of energy recovered by an electric vehicle during braking at various speeds and with different braking intensities. The first phase of testing consisted of vehicle braking tests in real-life conditions. The registered speed profiles were then used as input data for the simulation software. The authors have also analysed the effect of the state of charge of the battery and of the vehicle’s load on the amount of energy recovered during braking. The performed simulation tests demonstrated that the level of recovered energy is significantly affected by the initial braking speed and by the force of pressure applied to the brake pedal. The amount of recovered energy is less affected by the state of charge (SOC) of the battery and by the vehicle’s load. Energy regeneration during braking is currently an important research topic. The efficiency of an electric vehicle depends on the range, which can be extended thanks to the additional energy recovered during braking maneuvers. The presented preliminary simulation results are intended to assess the level of energy recovery in electric vehicles. The authors are aware that a full, comprehensive analysis requires additional research using electric vehicles that will verify the results presented in the paper.
Dynamic loads on the roof plate of the wheeled carrier during the firing of a 30 mm cannon
Authors: Wiśniewski Andrzej
Published: May 2023

On the battlefield, modern vehicles perform a variety of roles. Transportation is one of the most fundamental. Operating in different terrains, including urban areas, means exposing the crew to different hazards. To increase crew protection, passive and active protection systems are used. On the other hand, in addition to protection, support of the infantry in offensive operations is an equally important activity. The most common solution for medium wheeled vehicles is a manned turret. The weapon is a 30 mm cannon. Nowadays, there is a trend towards installing systems that allow such weapons to be operated remotely. This minimises the exposure of highly trained personnel. This paper presents the results of a numerical study of the dynamic loads on the roof-plate structure of a wheeled armoured personnel carrier resulting from the firing of the vehicle's main armament. It includes the values of the strains and stresses in the upper plate structure and the forces transmitted by the brackets connecting the roof plate to the bottom plate, and an assessment of the risk of using such a system on the safety of the vehicle structure and its crew.
Women’s Knowledge of Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Telafer City, Iraq
Authors: Baktash Mohmmed Qassim , Aziz Abdul-Aziz Ahmed
Published: May 2023

Background: Knowledge of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) is essential in protecting women from the devastating effects of these infections. This is the first study that attempts to assess the knowledge about one of the most embarrassing diseases in women with Islamic Turkmen culture.Purpose: This study aimed to assess women’s knowledge of STDs in Telafer City and its association with sociodemographic factors.Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 451 women over 18 years old from Telfer City in Iraq. The study was conducted using a convenient sampling technique from 1 December 2021 to 15 June 2022. The study’s data were collected using a STDs knowledge questionnaire. Descriptive statistics of mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage were used to describe sociodemographic characteristics and the level of knowledge of STDs among women. In addition, the inferential statistics of ANOVA and Fisher’s exact test were used to determine the association between the women’s characteristics and knowledge.  Results: The study signaled that the overall mean score of knowledge of STDs was (6.67±5.85). The vast majority of participants had a low level of knowledge about STDs (73.8%; n=333). Only about (14.4%; n=64) had moderate knowledge, and approximately (11.8%; n=53) of women were highly knowledgeable about STDs. The study also proved the presence of a statistically significant positive association between women’s knowledge regarding STDs with marital status (p˂0.000) and educational level (p˂0.000).Conclusion: The majority of respondents showed low level of knowledge about STDs. Marital status and educational level were associated with this knowledge. This study necessitates the construction and employment of a women-tailored health education program about STDs in Iraq and Telafer City.
Correlating Demographics and Well-being among Rural College Students in the Philippines
Authors: Villarino Resti Tito , Villarino Maureen Lorence , Temblor Maria Concepcion , Bernard Prosper , Plaisent Michel
Published: May 2023

Background: College students’ well-being is influenced by various factors such as age, gender, and socio-economic levels, but research findings on their correlation are inconsistent.Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between age, gender, socio-economic levels, and well-being among college students in private and state colleges in Cebu and Bohol, Philippines.Methods: The study employed a cross-sectional design and recruited 178 college students using convenient sampling. The modified Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationship, Meaning, and Accomplishment (PERMA) profiler questionnaire was used to measure well-being. Data were analyzed using SPSS Statistics 27, and Kendall’s tau and point-biserial correlation coefficient were used for data analysis.Results: The overall PERMA score of the respondents (7.05±1.60) indicated high functioning. The analyses did not reveal a significant relationship between age and gender with well-being, but a significant association was found between socio-economic levels and the overall PERMA scores (p<0.05).Conclusion: The study’s findings suggest socio-economic levels significantly impact college students’ well-being. Therefore, interventions and policies targeting socio-economic factors may effectively promote well-being among college students.
Postpartum Depression and Its Contributing Factors among Mothers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in North Jakarta, Indonesia
Authors: Aadillah Venna Yaasmiin , Nurbaeti Irma
Published: May 2023

Background: Postpartum depression is a common psychological problem that occurs after birth. It has become especially prevalent in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. Several factors contribute to postpartum depression. However, a limited study evaluated factors contributing postpartum depression among mothers during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in Indonesia.Purpose: This study aimed to explore postpartum depression among mothers and its contributing factors during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: This study adopted a cross-sectional design. A total of 110 postpartum mothers were recruited by accidental sampling with the following inclusion criteria: mothers between one month and one year after birth, married, a singleton birth and the baby alive, and the mother is healthy with no complications. The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was used to measure postpartum depression. Descriptive statistics, t-test, Fisher exact test, one-way ANOVA, and logistic regression were performed to analyze the data.Results: The prevalence of postpartum depression during the pandemic period was 31.82%. Factors contributing to postpartum depression were the mother’s age (p=0.011), childcare stress (p=0.001), stressful life events (p=0.003), and pregnancy status (p=0.0001). A logistic regression showed that pregnant status (Unplanned/unwanted pregnancy) was the most contributor to postpartum depression (β=0.377, t=5.138, p=0.0001).Conclusion: This study identified a high rate of postpartum depression with related factors, including mother’s age, childcare stress, life stress, and unplanned/ unwanted pregnancy. Screening for postpartum depression is required to ensure early detection among postpartum mothers.
Factors Affecting the Cost Savings Rate of University Procurement
Authors: Ning Yi-Zi
Published: May 2023

The procurement function is an essential part of a university’s operations, as it provides the necessary goods and services for academic and administrative activities.This paper explores the impact of different demand channels on cost savings rate in university procurement. Through surveying and analyzing the demand channels used in university procurement, this study finds that the use of multiple demand channels can improve procurement efficiency and performance, and help reduce procurement costs. Moreover, the quality of communication and information sharing between universities and suppliers, as well as the level of competition among suppliers for procurement contracts, affect the cost savings rate. The findings of this study will also provide important implications for university procurement practices, by helping universities make more informed decisions regarding the selection of procurement demand channels. Ultimately, the goal is to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of university procurement practices, which can lead to cost savings, improved procurement outcomes, and increased value for money.
Predictive Power of Teachers’ Perceptions of Autonomy on High School Students’ Term Grade
Authors: KARADENİZ Derya , FER Seval
Published: May 2023

This study aims to investigate the predictive power of teachers’ perceptions of autonomy on the term grade of high school students and differences in terms of school type and field of instruction. The study groups of this research, which was carried out with a predictive design and survey design among the quantitative research methods, included 230 teachers working in state high schools in affiliated with the Turkish Ministry of National Education in Battalgazi and Yeşilyurt in Malatya Province and 3005 students enrolled in the 11th grade at those schools. The teachers’ data were obtained via the Teacher Autonomy Perception Scale developed by the researchers. The students’ data consisted of term grade for 11th grade students in the 2020-2021 academic year. According to multiple regression analysis, the scale factors of autonomy in the classroom, autonomy at school and professional autonomy together explained 7% of the change in students’ term grade. While the autonomy at school score was a significant predictor of students’ term grade, autonomy in the classroom and professional autonomy were not significant predictors. Regarding to Kruskal-Wallis H test findings, while there was a significant difference in teachers’ perceptions of autonomy at school in terms of school type, there was no significant difference in their perceptions of autonomy in the classroom or professional autonomy. According to MANOVA findings, there was a significant difference in teachers’ perceptions of autonomy in the classroom in terms of field of instruction but no significant difference in their perceptions of autonomy at school or professional autonomy. The findings of this research might provide guidance for researchers, curriculum development experts, policymakers, academics in teacher training institutions, and other relevant stakeholders.
The Effect of Twelve-Week Karate and Salsa Dance Training on the Physical Fitness Performance of University Students
Authors: TÜRKERİ Cenab , INCE Gonca
Published: May 2023

This study was performed to determine the effect of 12-weeks Karate and Salsa Dance training on the physical fitness performances of university students. A total of 124 students (age: 21.35 ± 1.59 year; height: 1.70 ± 0.08 cm; body weight: 67.1 ± 10.78 kg) have voluntarily participated in the study. The participants were divided into three groups using a random coin toss. The numbers of Karate group (KG), the Salsa Dance Group (SDG) and Control Group (COG) are 43 people (20 female, 23 male), 40 people (17 female, 23 male) and 41 people (12 female, 29 male), respectively. Technical training programs including two days a week and 90 minutes a day for 12 weeks were applied to the KG and SDG members accepting to the study. Body weight, height measurement, BMI calculation, bass stick balance test, handgrip strength test in upper and lower extremity strength measurements, wall squat leg strength test and plate tapping test for movement speed were performed to all participants before and after 12 weeks training. Since the data did not show normal distribution, Kruskal Wallis test was used in more than two groups and Mann Whitney-U test was used in binary comparisons. Looking at the results of KG and SDG, it was found that the BMI and muscle strength values of KG were better than the SDG values (p= .00). It was determined that the static balance values of SDG were higher than KG (p= 0.00). However, there was no significant difference between the movement speed of both groups (p> .05). All physical fitness parameters of both groups were found to be better than COG. We can suggest that sedentary individuals can benefit from karate technique training in gaining muscle strength. In addition, we can emphasize that it may be more appropriate to use salsa dance training in the development of static balance.
Mindfulness in Marriage and Mindfulness in Parenting as Predictors of Social Skills in Early Childhood
Authors: KARAAĞAÇ Zahide Gül , DENİZ M. Engin
Published: May 2023

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between children's social skills in early childhood, mindfulness in parenting, and mindfulness in marriage. The research was conducted based on the correlational survey model. The participants are 279 parents with children aged 3-7 years. The instruments that used for data collection were the Preschool and Kindergarten Behavior Scale (PKBS-2), Mindfulness in Marriage Scale (MMS), Mindfulness in Parenting Questionnaire (MPQ) and Personal Information Form. Independent samples t-test, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The results show that mindfulness in marriage and mindfulness in parenting have a positive and significant relationship with social skills in early childhood. According to the results of the regression analysis, mindfulness in marriage and mindfulness in parenting are significant predictors of children’s social skills. The regression model has explained 27% of social skills. The research findings were discussed in light of the literature.
Futures of Money – Monies of the Future. Introduction
Authors: Ortiz Horacio
Published: May 2023

This introduction reviews the main themes addressed in the special issue Futures of Money – Monies of the Future. Recalling broader historical transformations of money, this introduction focuses on how the digitalization of money interacts with the central role of states and the financial industry in the issuance and distribution of money. This concerns how money interacts with non-monetary digital information and how digital forms of social interaction transform the rules of exchange where money is used. Exploring these issues, the articles brought together here open fruitful venues to rethink the way we theorize money.
Rietveld structure analysis of keatite, a rare, metastable SiO2 polymorph
Authors: Grosskreuz Isabel , Marler Bernd
Published: May 2023

O24Si12, tetragonal, P43212 (no. 96), a = 7.4462(1) Å, c = 8.5838(4) Å, V = 475.93(3) Å3, Z = 1, R(F) = 0.037, T = 293 K.
Verification of Flattened Brazilian Test on the Tensile Strength Determination of Layered Sandstone
Authors: Ou Xuefeng , Zhang Xuemin , Feng Han , Ouyang Linxu , Zhou Xianshun , Chen Xinlei
Published: May 2023

This study investigates the mechanical behavior of layered sandstone under flattened Brazilian disc (FBD) test conditions based on experimental studies and numerical simulations. The tests included 7 group specimens with different dip angles, namely 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, and 90°. The load-deformation curves, failure modes, and tensile strengths are discussed and compared with the conventional Brazilian disc (BD) test results. The experimental results show that the FBD tests generally have two stages of failure modes. In the first stage, the load increases as the displacement increases until it suddenly decreases, with one major fracture occurring in the center of the disc. In the second stage, the load increases again until the specimen is destroyed via a complex fracture mode. Numerical simulations are utilized to analyze the fracture mode of the two stages, indicating that the fracture in the first stage is purely tensile. Hence, the maximum load in the first stage is recommended to estimate the tensile strength under the FBD test.
The Differential Weights of Motivational and Task Performance Measures on Medial and Lateral Frontal Neural Activity
Authors: Goussi-Denjean Clément , Fontanier Vincent , Stoll Frederic M. , Procyk Emmanuel
Published: May 2023

Behavioral adaptations are triggered by different constraints given by rules, and are informed by outcomes, or motivational changes. Neural activity in multiple frontal areas is modulated during behavioral adaptations, but the source of these modulations and the nature of the mechanisms involved are unclear. Here we tested how different variables related to changes in task performance and to behavioral adaptation impact the amplitude of event-related local field potentials (LFPs) in the lateral prefrontal and midcingulate cortex of male rhesus macaques. We found that the behavioral task used induced consistently different types of performance modulation: in relation to task difficulty (imposed by the experimental setup), to successes and errors, and to the time spent in the task. Difficulty had a significant effect on monkeys' accuracy and reaction times. Interestingly, there is also a strong interaction between difficulty and trial success on the reaction times variation. However, LFP modulations were mostly related to reaction times, touch position, feedback valence and time-in-session, with little, if any, effect of difficulty. Hence, difficulty modulated performance but not LFP activity. This suggests that, in our experimental design, execution, regulation, and motivation-related factors are the main factors influencing medial and lateral frontal activity.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTAdapting decisions might be determined by several mechanisms and might be driven by motivational factors and/or factors inherent to the task at hand. Multiple frontal areas contribute to behavioral adaptations. One current challenge is to understand which information they process contributes to behavioral changes. Diverging views have emerged on whether task demands, like the decision difficulty, or factors linked to incentives to adapt, are driving frontal activity. Here we show that task difficulty had a strong effect on performance (accuracy and reaction times) but little effect on LFP recorded in monkey lateral prefrontal and midcingulate cortex. However, information related to actions, outcome valence, and time-in-session had major influences. Thus, task difficulty modulated performance but not LFP activity in frontal areas.
Nanoscale Phosphoinositide Distribution on Cell Membranes of Mouse Cerebellar Neurons
Authors: Eguchi Kohgaku , Le Monnier Elodie , Shigemoto Ryuichi
Published: May 2023

Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) plays an essential role in neuronal activities through interaction with various proteins involved in signaling at membranes. However, the distribution pattern of PI(4,5)P2and the association with these proteins on the neuronal cell membranes remain elusive. In this study, we established a method for visualizing PI(4,5)P2by SDS-digested freeze-fracture replica labeling (SDS-FRL) to investigate the quantitative nanoscale distribution of PI(4,5)P2in cryo-fixed brain. We demonstrate that PI(4,5)P2forms tiny clusters with a mean size of ∼1000 nm2rather than randomly distributed in cerebellar neuronal membranes in male C57BL/6J mice. These clusters show preferential accumulation in specific membrane compartments of different cell types, in particular, in Purkinje cell (PC) spines and granule cell (GC) presynaptic active zones. Furthermore, we revealed extensive association of PI(4,5)P2with CaV2.1 and GIRK3 across different membrane compartments, whereas its association with mGluR1α was compartment specific. These results suggest that our SDS-FRL method provides valuable insights into the physiological functions of PI(4,5)P2in neurons.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn this study, we established an electron microscopic method to visualize and analyze the quantitative distribution pattern of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) on cell membranes using cryo-fixed brain tissues and SDS-digested freeze-fracture replica labeling. PI(4,5)P2interacts with various ion channels and receptors to regulate membrane signaling but its nanoscale distribution and association with these proteins remain elusive. This method revealed PI(4,5)P2clusters preferentially accumulated in specific membrane compartments and its distinct associations with CaV2.1, GIRK3, and mGluR1α in the mouse cerebellum. These results demonstrate usefulness of the method for gaining insights into the physiological functions of PI(4,5)P2.
Prior Movement of One Arm Facilitates Motor Adaptation in the Other
Authors: Gippert Magdalena , Leupold Saskia , Heed Tobias , Howard Ian Spencer , Villringer Arno , Nikulin Vadim V. , Sehm Bernhard
Published: May 2023

Many movements in daily life are embedded in motion sequences that involve more than one limb, demanding the motor system to monitor and control different body parts in quick succession. During such movements, systematic changes in the environment or the body might require motor adaptation of specific segments. However, previous motor adaptation research has focused primarily on motion sequences produced by a single limb, or on simultaneous movements of several limbs. For example, adaptation to opposing force fields is possible in unimanual reaching tasks when the direction of a prior or subsequent movement is predictive of force field direction. It is unclear, however, whether multilimb sequences can support motor adaptation processes in a similar way. In the present study (38 females, 38 males), we investigated whether reaches can be adapted to different force fields in a bimanual motor sequence when the information about the perturbation is associated with the prior movement direction of the other arm. In addition, we examined whether prior perceptual (visual or proprioceptive) feedback of the opposite arm contributes to force field-specific motor adaptation. Our key finding is that only active participation in the bimanual sequential task supports pronounced adaptation. This result suggests that active segments in bimanual motion sequences are linked across limbs. If there is a consistent association between movement kinematics of the linked and goal movement, the learning process of the goal movement can be facilitated. More generally, if motion sequences are repeated often, prior segments can evoke specific adjustments of subsequent movements.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMovements in a limb's motion sequence can be adjusted based on linked movements. A prerequisite is that kinematics of the linked movements correctly predict which adjustments are needed. We show that use of kinematic information to improve performance is even possible when a prior linked movement is performed with a different limb. For example, a skilled juggler might have learned how to correctly adjust his catching movement of the left hand when the right hand performed a throwing action in a specific way. Linkage is possibly a key mechanism of the human motor system for learning complex bimanual skills. Our study emphasizes that learning of specific movements should not be studied in isolation but within their motor sequence context.
Neural α Oscillations and Pupil Size Differentially Index Cognitive Demand under Competing Audiovisual Task Conditions
Authors: Kraus Frauke , Tune Sarah , Obleser Jonas , Herrmann Björn
Published: May 2023

Cognitive demand is thought to modulate two often used, but rarely combined, measures: pupil size and neural α (8–12 Hz) oscillatory power. However, it is unclear whether these two measures capture cognitive demand in a similar way under complex audiovisual-task conditions. Here we recorded pupil size and neural α power (using electroencephalography), while human participants of both sexes concurrently performed a visual multiple object-tracking task and an auditory gap detection task. Difficulties of the two tasks were manipulated independent of each other. Participants' performance decreased in accuracy and speed with increasing cognitive demand. Pupil size increased with increasing difficulty for both the auditory and the visual task. In contrast, α power showed diverging neural dynamics: parietal α power decreased with increasing difficulty in the visual task, but not with increasing difficulty in the auditory task. Furthermore, independent of task difficulty, within-participant trial-by-trial fluctuations in pupil size were negatively correlated with α power. Difficulty-induced changes in pupil size and α power, however, did not correlate, which is consistent with their different cognitive-demand sensitivities. Overall, the current study demonstrates that the dynamics of the neurophysiological indices of cognitive demand and associated effort are multifaceted and potentially modality-dependent under complex audiovisual-task conditions.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTPupil size and oscillatory α power are associated with cognitive demand and effort, but their relative sensitivity under complex audiovisual-task conditions is unclear, as is the extent to which they share underlying mechanisms. Using an audiovisual dual-task paradigm, we show that pupil size increases with increasing cognitive demands for both audition and vision. In contrast, changes in oscillatory α power depend on the respective task demands: parietal α power decreases with visual demand but not with auditory task demand. Hence, pupil size and α power show different sensitivity to cognitive demands, perhaps suggesting partly different underlying neural mechanisms.
The Anterior Cingulate Cortex Promotes Long-Term Auditory Cortical Responses through an Indirect Pathway via the Rhinal Cortex in Mice
Authors: Liang Ye , Li Jing , Tian Yu , Tang Peng , Liu Chunhua , Chen Xi
Published: May 2023

Sensory cortical areas are robustly modulated by higher-order cortices. Our previous study shows that the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) can immediately and transiently enhance responses in the mouse auditory cortex (ACx). Here, we further examined whether strong activation of ACC neurons can induce long-term effects in mice of both sexes. To our surprise, only stimulation of cell bodies in the ACC, but not ACC-to-ACx terminal activation, induced long-term enhancement of auditory responses in the ACx. Anatomical examination showed that the ACC indirectly projects to the ACx via the rhinal cortex (RCx). High-frequency stimulation of ACC-projecting terminals to the RCx or RCx-projecting terminals to the ACx induced a similar effect as the cell body activation of ACC neurons, whereas silencing the RCx blocked this long-term enhancement. High-frequency stimulation of ACC projections to the RCx also induced long-term augmentation of sound-evoked flight behavior in male mice. These results show that the ACC promotes the long-term enhancement of auditory responses in the ACx through an indirect pathway via the RCx.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn this study, we demonstrate that the anterior part of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) evokes long-term enhancement of auditory responses in the auditory cortex (ACx) when it is strongly activated. Importantly, instead of a direct projection, we show that the ACC implements this effect via an indirect pathway through the lateral rhinal cortex using a series of physiological, optogenetic, anatomic, and behavioral experiments. Along with a short-term effect, this long-term enhancement induced by an indirect ACC-to-ACx projection could increase the odds of survival when animals are faced with threats after a significant event.
Hypothalamic Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Contributes to Hypertension in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Zhang Hua , Zhou Jing-Jing , Shao Jian-Ying , Sheng Zhao-Fu , Wang Jingxiong , Zheng Peiru , Kang Xunlei , Liu Zhenguo , Cheng Zixi Jack , Kline David D. , Li De-Pei
Published: May 2023

Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is a neuropeptide regulating neuroendocrine and autonomic function. CRH mRNA and protein levels in the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) are increased in primary hypertension. However, the role of CRH in elevated sympathetic outflow in primary hypertension remains unclear. CRHR1 proteins were distributed in retrogradely labeled PVN presympathetic neurons with an increased level in the PVN tissue in adult spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) compared with age-matched male Wistar–Kyoto (WKY) rats. CRH induced a more significant increase in the firing rate of PVN-rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) neurons and sympathoexcitatory response in SHRs than in WKY rats, an effect that was blocked by preapplication of NMDA receptors (NMDARs) antagonist AP5 and PSD-95 inhibitor, Tat-N-dimer. Blocking CRHRs with astressin or CRHR1 with NBI35965 significantly decreased the firing rate of PVN-RVLM output neurons and reduced arterial blood pressure (ABP) and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) in SHRs but not in WKY, whereas blocking CRHR2 with antisauvagine-30 did not. Furthermore, Immunocytochemistry staining revealed that CRHR1 colocalized with NMDARs in PVN presympathetic neurons. Blocking CRHRs significantly decreased the NMDA currents in labeled PVN neurons. PSD-95-bound CRHR1 and PSD-95-bound GluN2A in the PVN were increased in SHRs. These data suggested that the upregulation of CRHR1 in the PVN is critically involved in the hyperactivity of PVN presympathetic neurons and elevated sympathetic outflow in primary hypertension.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTOur study found that corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor (CRHR)1 protein levels were increased in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), and CRHR1 interacts with NMDA receptors (NMDARs) through postsynaptic density protein (PSD)-95 in the PVN neurons in primary hypertension. The increased CRHR1 and CRHR1-NMDAR-PSD-95 complex in the PVN contribute to the hyperactivity of the PVN presympathetic neurons and elevated sympathetic vasomotor tone in hypertension in SHRs. Thus, the antagonism of CRHR1 decreases sympathetic outflow and blood pressure in hypertension. These findings determine a novel role of CRHR1 in elevated sympathetic vasomotor tone in hypertension, which is useful for developing novel therapeutics targeting CRHR1 to treat elevated sympathetic outflow in primary hypertension. The CRHR1 receptor antagonists, which are used to treat health consequences resulting from chronic stress, are candidates to treat primary hypertension.
2-FAZLI PİRİNANIN ÖN KURUTULMASININ GEREKLİLİĞİ VE VALSLİ KURUTUCU KULLANIMI
Authors: BAYSAN Ulaş , KOÇ Mehmet , GÜNGÖR Ali , ERTEKİN Figen
Published: May 2023

2-fazlı pirinanın ön kurutma işlemi; seri üretime uygun, kısa kurutma süresine sahip, yüksek miktarda pirina kurutabilmeye imkân sağlayan valsli kurutucuda gerçekleştirilmiştir. Valsli kurutucu işlem değişkenlerinden farklı buhar basıncı (1, 2, 3 ve 4 bar) değerlerine karşılık, farklı vals dönme hızlarında (1, 3 ve 6 devir/dakika) 2-fazlı pirinanın kurutulması denemeleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Valsli kurutucuda buhar basıncının artması ve/veya vals dönme hızının azaltılması ile yarı kurutulmuş 2-fazlı pirinanın % titrasyon asitliği, peroksit, serbest yağ asitliği ve K232, K270 değerlerinde artış görülürken, ürünün nem içeriği, su aktivitesi ve pH değerleri ise azalmıştır. Valsli kurutucuda yüksek buhar basıncında ve dönme hızında (4 bar 6 dev/dak) gerçekleştirilen kurutma denemesinin diğer denemelere kıyasla daha yüksek enerji verimliliği ve etkin bir kuruma performansına sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kurutucu sistemlerde etkin kurutma performansının ve yüksek enerji verimliliğinin sağlanabilmesi için; maksimum özgül nem alma hızı (SMER), maksimum nem alma hızı (MER) ve minimum özgül enerji tüketimi (SEC) değerlerine sahip olması beklenmektedir.
Oxidative stress enhances the therapeutic action of a respiratory inhibitor in MYC‐driven lymphoma
Authors: Donati Giulio , Nicoli Paola , Verrecchia Alessandro , Vallelonga Veronica , Croci Ottavio , Rodighiero Simona , Audano Matteo , Cassina Laura , Ghsein Aya , Binelli Giorgio , Boletta Alessandra , Mitro Nico , Amati Bruno
Published: May 2023

MYC is a key oncogenic driver in multiple tumor types, but concomitantly endows cancer cells with a series of vulnerabilities that provide opportunities for targeted pharmacological intervention. For example, drugs that suppress mitochondrial respiration selectively kill MYC‐overexpressing cells. Here, we unravel the mechanistic basis for this synthetic lethal interaction and exploit it to improve the anticancer effects of the respiratory complex I inhibitor IACS‐010759. In a B‐lymphoid cell line, ectopic MYC activity and treatment with IACS‐010759 added up to induce oxidative stress, with consequent depletion of reduced glutathione and lethal disruption of redox homeostasis. This effect could be enhanced either with inhibitors of NADPH production through the pentose phosphate pathway, or with ascorbate (vitamin C), known to act as a pro‐oxidant at high doses. In these conditions, ascorbate synergized with IACS‐010759 to kill MYC‐overexpressing cells in vitro and reinforced its therapeutic action against human B‐cell lymphoma xenografts. Hence, complex I inhibition and high‐dose ascorbate might improve the outcome of patients affected by high‐grade lymphomas and potentially other MYC‐driven cancers.
Marketing of social networks: the challenge of today
Authors:   National Aviation University, Ramenska Svitlana , Cherniavska Alina ,   National Aviation University, Kotovska Natalya ,   National Aviation University
Published: May 2023

The aim of the article. The purpose of the article is to research social network marketing as a modern element of promotion in the Internet space. Analysis results. The rapid development and digitization of society has caused the transformation of traditional marketing tools and methodologies into new, more effective marketing elements and methods. Social networks as a new space for the presence of consumers have acquired their own characteristics and properties that distinguish them from traditional ones, which is why the very methods of working in the acquired conditions differ from classical ones. Because it is vital for business entities to respond in a timely and competent manner to modern trends and changes in consumer behavior, making social networks an important element of their marketing processes. Marketing activity in social networks has become one of the most effective ways to attract and engage more consumers, however, it remains a fairly new concept and is characterized by constant and dynamic changes, so it is worth investigating the features and trends in the development of social network marketing, their tasks, advantages, disadvantages and opportunities application of social networks in the marketing strategy of enterprises. Today, using social media marketing is the most versatile method of online promotion. The pace of development is so rapid that every year social media become an integral part of the marketing activities of any enterprise. The article discusses the issue of marketing ,as an important component of the modern Internet space. The right choice of Internet marketing strategy and tools is one of the components of marketing. Attention is focused on the use of an effective social media marketing strategy in modern business conditions. Conclusions and directions for further research. The relevance and necessity of using the described type of marketing has been proven, as it contributes to increasing the competitiveness of economic entities in the modern business environment. Therefore, today's business environment requires establishing a strong presence in the Internet space, and the use of an effective social media marketing strategy allows today's market representatives to influence traffic and conversions. Thus, today, social network marketing is becoming a valuable tool that helps to create and develop modern brands, increase consumer confidence and form demand not only on the Internet, but also in traditional markets
Construction of Gender in Linguistic Signs in Selected Kenyan Secondary School English Textbooks
Authors: Mutune Fellis Nthambi , Maroko Geoffrey Mokua , Kiai Alice Wanjira
Published: May 2023

In countries such as Kenya, where textbooks are a core component of classroom experience, the materials have the potential to shape socially enacted identities. Gender representation via linguistic signs in textbooks can have a substantial impact on how students perceive men and women in society. In order to achieve equity in education, which is a key mandate of both the Education for All (EFA) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), gender bias in textbooks must be addressed. The National Policy on Gender and Development (NPGAD) in Kenya sought to enhance equal participation among men, women, girls and boys in education and other thematic areas. This paper contributes to the discourse on gender representation in textbooks by examining gender portrayal in linguistic signs found in selected English secondary school textbooks using Halliday’s (1985, 2014) systemic functional grammar approach. The study applied the explanatory sequential research design (Creswell Plano Clark, 2011). A document analysis guide derived from the model for analyzing linguistic signs by Halliday (1985, 2014) was employed in the analysis of quantitative data from the linguistic signs in four English textbooks. Results showed that in the selected textbooks, masculine representations were more prevalent than those of females. The study also revealed that males were more involved in all the three mood types namely; declarative, interrogative and imperative. Again, more males than females appeared as theme and rheme of clauses. Additionally, it emerged that males engaged more in verbal processes than females did. The study concludes that men are either implicitly or explicitly portrayed as being superior to women in the linguistic signs in the analysed textbooks. The study recommends that Ministry of Education in Kenya initiates measures to alleviate gender disparity by focusing on the issue of gender representation in textbooks. On the other hand, the Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development (KICD) may find these results useful in improving the textbooks evaluation based on gender equality prototypes. Improved evaluation, could be used as a basis to revise textbooks currently in use and guide in the development of new ones.
Microfasciectomy in Dupuytren’s disease: microsurgery in the evolution toward safer and more efficient fasciectomy and hand surgery
Authors: Degreef Ilse , Voorde Kira Vande , Nuffel Maarten Van
Published: May 2023

In the long term, limited fasciectomy is currently the most reliable treatment for Dupuytren’s contracture.

The risk for complications is significant, certainly in recurrent disease and in the presence of abundant scar tissue.

Meticulous surgical technique is mandatory.

Microsurgery increases magnification from four times (with surgical loupes) up to 40 times.

Using the microscope in Dupuytren’s surgery, a technique named microfasciectomy is likely to increase both safety and efficiency by preventing instead of treating surgical complications.

Increased experience with microsurgery will benefit Dupuytren’s treatment and hand surgery in general.
Anterior cruciate ligament failure and management
Authors: Monllau Juan Carlos , Perelli Simone , Costa Giuseppe Gianluca
Published: May 2023

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction failure can be defined as abnormal knee function due to graft insufficiency with abnormal laxity or failure to recreate a functional knee according to the expected outcome.

Traumatic ruptures have been reported as the most common reason for failure. They are followed by technical errors, missed concomitant knee injuries, and biological failures.

An in-depth preoperative examination that includes a medical history, clinical examinations, advanced imaging, and other appropriate methods is of utmost importance.

There is still no consensus as to the ideal graft, but autografts are the favorite choice even in ACL revision.

Concomitant meniscal treatment, ligamentous reconstruction, and osteotomies can be performed in the same surgical session to remove anatomical or biomechanical risk factors for the failure.

Patient expectations should be managed since outcomes after ACL revision are not as good as those following primary ACL reconstruction.
Psychology in orthopedics and traumatology: an instructional review
Authors: Gosens T , den Oudsten B L
Published: May 2023

Mental health is important as a predictor of outcomes after orthopedic treatment.

Psychological parameters (e.g. expectations, coping strategies, personality) are as important as biological and mechanical factors in the severity of musculoskeletal complaints and treatment results.

Orthopedic surgeons should not only treat physical conditions but also address psychosocial factors. If necessary, they should refer to clinical psychologists.

Multidisciplinary approach, patient-oriented treatment, (psycho)education, emotional support, and teaching coping strategies are elements of psychosocial attention within orthopedics and traumatology.