bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Early Christians in the Face of Epidemics
Authors: Kashchuk Oleksandr
Published: April 2022

The purpose of the article is to present the reaction of the early Christians to the emergence and the spread of the great epidemics. During the early Christian ages (2nd–3rd centuries) different plagues devastated people of the Roman Empire. Christianity has already prepared some modes of activity to deal with epidemics. These were both ideological and practical means. The main conclusion is that the pestilences during which Christians might show their moral principles, the special manner of life, and activity were one of the reasons to explain conversion to Christianity.
Validation of Xgamma Exponential Model via Nikulin-Rao-Robson Goodness-of- Fit-Test under Complete and Censored Sample with Different Methods of Estimation
Authors: Abhimanyu Singh Yadav  , Shukla Shivanshi , Hafida Goual  , Mahendra Saha  , Haitham M. Yousof
Published: April 2022

In this article, a new extension of the one parameter Xgamma distribution has been proposed. Also the associated different statistical properties are derived. The unknown parameter of the proposed distribution is estimated by using different classical estimation methods and by using Bayesian estimation method. Under classical methods of estimation, we brieflfly describe the method of moment estimators, maximum likelihood estimators, maximum product of spacing estimators, least squares and weighted least squares estimators and Cramer-von-Mises estimators. The Bayesian estimation using gamma prior under squared error loss function has been discussed and computed via Lindley’s approximation and Markov Chain Monte Carlo techniques. Furthermore, the 100(1 − α)% asymptotic confifidence interval and credible interval along with the coverage probability are also discussed. The obtained classical and the Bayesian estimators are compared through Monte Carlo simulations. Next, we construct a modifified Chi-squared goodness of fifit test based on the Nikulin-Rao-Robson (NRR) statistic in presence of censored and complete data. The applicability of our proposed model has been illustrated for both complete data and right censored data by using two real data sets for each.
A New Two-parameter Modified Half-logistic Distribution: Properties and Applications
Authors: Shaheed Gorgees
Published: April 2022

This article aims to present and analyse a modified two-parameter version of the Half-Logistic lifetime model.The hazard function, quantile function, asymptotic, linear combination, extreme value, moments, incomplete moments, residual entropies, moment generating function and order statistics, all theoretical properties of this model that are derived and discussed in depth. By performing a simulation analysis, the various techniques of estimation are compared to the estimates of the maximum likelihood of parameters.Finally, two actual data sets have been applied to illustrate the goals of this article.
A Different Way of Choosing a Threshold in a Bivariate Extreme Value Study
Authors: Verster Andrehette , Kwaramba Nicholas
Published: April 2022

The choice of optimum threshold in Extreme Value Theory, peaks over threshold, has been a topic of discussionfor decades. A threshold must be chosen high enough to control the bias of the extreme value index. On the other hand, if a threshold is chosen too high the variance becomes a problem. This is a very difficult trade-off and has been studied over the years from various viewpoints. More often these studies aim at methods for choosing the threshold in univariate settings. Not as many literature are available for choosing the threshold in a multivariate setting. In this paper we consider an approach for choosing the threshold when working with bivariate extreme values above a threshold. This approach makes use of Bayesian methodology. It adds value to the existing literature since it is also possible to use this approach without visual inspection.
The Discrete Inverse Burr Distribution with Characterizations, Properties, Applications, Bayesian and Non-Bayesian Estimations
Authors: Chesneau Christophe , Yousof Haitham , Hamedani G.G. , Ibrahim Mohamed
Published: April 2022

A new one-parameter heavy tailed discrete distribution with infinite mean is defined and studied. The probability mass function of the new distribution can be "unimodal and right skewed" and its failure rate can be monotonically decreasing. Some of its relevant properties are discussed. Some characterizations based on: (i) the conditional expectation of a certain function of the random variable and (ii) in terms of the reversed hazard function are presented. Different Bayesian and non-Bayesian estimation methods are described and compared using simulations and two real data applications are given. The new model is used to model carious teeth data and counts of cysts in kidneys datasets, and it outperforms many well-known competitive discrete models.
Statistical Inference of Chen Distribution Based on Type I Progressive Hybrid Censored Samples
Authors: Tanmay Kayal  , Tripathi Yogesh Mani , Debasis Kundu  , Manoj Kumar Rastogi
Published: April 2022

In this paper we study the problem of estimating unknown parameters of a two-parameter distribution with bathtub shape under the assumption that data are type I progressive hybrid censored. We derive maximum likelihood estimators and then obtain the observed Fisher information matrix. Bayes estimators are also obtained under the squared error loss function and highest posterior density intervals are constructed as well. We perform a simulation study to compare proposed methods and analyzed a real data set for illustration purposes. Finally we establish optimal plans with respect to cost constraints and obtain comments based on a numerical study.
Data Envelopment Analysis in Three-Stage Network Structure with Slack Based Measure (SBM)
Authors: Dar Qaiser Farooq , Young Hyo Ahn  , Gulbadin Farooq Dar  , Jin Hee Ma
Published: April 2022

Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a non-parametric technique for measuring and analyzing the relative efficiency of the Decision-Making Unit (DMU) having multiple homogeneous types of inputs and outputs. Traditional DEA treats DMU as black boxes and calculates their efficiencies by considering their initial inputs and final outputs. But the overall efficiency of DMU is directly depended upon the performances of intermediate processes of operations. In many situations, DMUs have a three-stage network structure. Against the aforesaid backdrop, this paper introduces a non-oriented and non-radial the slacks-based measure (SBM) of efficiency framework for the three-stage network production process. In the proposed model we have considered both series and parallel relationship between the inputs and outputs of different independent and dependent stages. Additionally, this research is aimed at measuring the Indian banking efficiency by using the three-stage network DEA model.
Carbon footprints and land-use systems
Authors: Nair P. K. Ramachandran
Published: April 2022

Carbon Footprint (CFP) refers to the emission of all greenhouse gases (GHGs) during a given period by any activity or entity. The standard unit for measuring it is the carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2eq), such that the impact of each GHG is expressed in terms of the amount of CO2 that would create the same amount of warming. It is widely recognized that the 2020 global value for average per capita CFP (estimated as 4.47 Mg CO2eq) is not sustainable and that it must be reduced to < 2 Mg CO2eq if global warming is to be limited to 20C. Recent estimates show that 31% of human-caused GHG emissions originate from the world’s agri-food systems, the major sources being deforestation, livestock production (from enteric fermentation and manure), food waste disposal, and fossil fuel use (by farms and the food-retail sector). Land application of chemicals such as fertilizers, weedicides, and insecticides is the most significant factor in the AFOLU (agriculture, forestry, and other land-use) sector. Enhancement of the natural process of terrestrial C sequestration in soil and vegetation is a widely recognized approach to reducing the AFOLU sector CFP. The adoption of multispecies agroforestry systems with nitrogen-fixing trees is a promising strategy for accomplishing this goal. Another is integrated silvopastoral systems that combine animal production with deep-rooted grass and trees that could counteract the GHG emission through enteric fermentation in animals with enhanced soil C sequestration.
Chinese Economists and Formation of Post-Pandemic Development Strategy
Authors: Borokh O.
Published: April 2022

The article examines the contribution of Chinese economists to adjustment of reforms strategy under the influence of “post-epidemic consensus”. In early 2020, economists supported official policy of strict lockdowns and mobilization approach in fighting coronavirus, they proposed measures to restore economic activity. After the control over the epidemic was established, scholars focused on analyzing the global impact of the coronavirus crisis and on adjusting China’s development strategy to changed external conditions. Chinese leader Xi Jinping set the guidelines while the economists provided in-depth analysis of particular problems of national development. To understand the Chinese economic discourse, it is important to take into account not only scholarly publications but also the commentaries of Chinese economists on important policy decisions. These commentaries, though little-known outside China, provide scholars an opportunity to communicate their key ideas to the society. The article analyzes both forms of participation of Chinese economists in the discussion on development strategies after the pandemic. The problems of compatibility of anti-crisis measures with long-term development plans have acquired great importance along with searches for responses to de-globalization of the world economy. Scholars paid attention to the new topic of comparative study of economic aspects of suppressing the epidemic in China and other countries with focus on institutional and cultural factors. The preference of domestic economic circulation motivated scholars to assess possible negative impacts of loosened ties with outside world upon the policy of innovation-driven development. The priorities of national economic policy kept the commitment to supply-side structural reform as the “main line” while simultaneously implementing epidemic prevention and supporting social and economic development. Reform guidelines that were updated in 2020– 2021 taking into account the lessons of the fight against the epidemic in China and in the world will keep influence in the years to come.
National Security Issues in US Trade Policy
Authors: Biryukova O.
Published: April 2022

National security becomes a strong determining factor while implementing trade policy measures, and this raises many legal and political questions. The article shows that, historically, the United States, as a Contracting Party to GATT 47, experienced serious domestic difficulties in developing rules regarding security exceptions. The confrontation between the U. S. Department of State and War Departments, who were charged with post-war U.S. military and defense planning, left its mark of ambiguity in the wording of some trade rules. In recent years, Washington has actively used trade restrictive measures, invoking articles on security exceptions in the World Trade Organization (WTO) rulebook. Panel report on the dispute “Russian Federation – measures in relation to transit of goods” contributed greatly to the interpretation of the relevant exceptions. At the same time, the definition of the “boundaries” of the use of such measures remains largely open. The urgency of the problem becomes even more evident when we note how the current discourse is shifting towards sources of national security problems other than military threats. In the long term, national security issues might be linked to food and energy security, and in the near future – to climate change. The deviation from the paradigm of multilateral liberalism towards economic nationalism requires rethinking of the approaches laid down in the foundation of the multilateral trading system. The author concludes that the United States is not interested in clarifying the WTO rules related to national security, while maintaining the status quo, which allows it to have wide policy space.
Geleneksel Çocuk Oyunları ve Erken Çocuklukta Eğitici Oyun Üzerine Bir Bibliyografya Denemesi
Authors: BARDAK Musa , TOPAÇ Nihat , ÇELİK Suat
Published: April 2022

Oyun birçok disiplin tarafından inceleme konusu olmuş insanların farklı amaçlarla yaptığı genellikle eğlenceli bir faaliyettir. Bu çalışmada çocuk folkloru açısından büyük bir öneme sahip olan geleneksel çocuk oyunları ve erken çocuklukta sanal olmayan eğitici oyunlara ilişkin eser ve yazılar, lisansüstü tezler ile uygulamaya dönük çalışmalar sınıflandırmaya tabi tutularak bilim dünyasının kullanımına sunmak amaçlanmıştır. Böylelikle bir yandan ileride geleneksel çocuk oyunları ve eğitici oyun üzerine araştırma yapacaklara kaynak bulma noktasında katkı sağlarken, öte yandan bu alanlardaki çalışmaların daha çok hangi konularda yoğunlaştığını ve nelerin hâlâ eksik olduğu da ortaya konulabilecektir. Tarama modelinde yapılan çalışmada elde edilen veriler doküman analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Oyun konusunun geniş bir yelpazede ele alınma durumundan dolayı Erken çocukluk döneminde geleneksel çocuk oyunları ile serbest veya yapılandırılmış eğitsel oyunlar araştırmanın kapsamına dâhil edilmiştir. Geleneksel çocuk oyunları ve erken çocuklukta eğitici oyun ile ilgili kısa bir alan yazından sonra kitap, kitap bölümü, makale, tez ve bildiriler, farklı başlıklarda sunularak bibliyografya ortaya konmuştur
Examining some of the Students’ Challenges and Alternative Conceptions in Learning about Acid-base Titrations
Authors: Salame Issa I. , Montero Adrianny , Eschweiler Dani
Published: April 2022

Chemical equilibria, including acid-base equilibria, play a significant role in the learning of general chemistry. Acid-base reactions as well as acidity and basicity concepts and their relationship to titrations are an important part of any general chemistry course, and students have difficulties understanding these concepts.  The purpose of this research project is to examine some of the challenges and alternative conceptions that students face in learning about acid-base titrations. A Likert-type survey with open-ended questions were used to assess the understanding of 110 participants. The investigation took place at a public, urban, and minority-serving institute. Our data suggest that students struggle with learning about acid-base titration problems and concepts. They rely on algorithmic problem solving, rote- learning, plugging into equations, and calculator use when approaching acid-base titration problems instead of developing their conceptual understanding and meaningful learning of the concepts. Additionally, our data support the notion that development of conceptual understanding of acid-base titration is important for students’ learning. Furthermore, our research data suggest that students have difficulties with understanding and visualizing what is taking place at the microscopic level during acid-base titration reactions. Instructors should consider teaching strategies that include leaning about and interrelating the symbolic, macroscopic, and microscopic levels of representations which can promote learning and deeper understanding of abstract chemical concepts. We recommend that instructors explicitly address and relate the three levels of representation in their teaching of chemistry concepts.
Keywords: chemistry education research, acid-base titration, challenges
The Effect of Online Project Based Learning on Students’ Character
Authors: Merdekawati Krisna , Ngilmi Umi Marifatul , Arlianty Widinda Normalia
Published: April 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic that emerged in early 2020, has had a very significant impact on various sectors, including education. Each country shifts learning activities at various levels from face-to-face (offline) to online learning. Achieving competences according to the high school chemistry curriculum is quite difficult to do through online learning, especially for skills and attitudes competency aspects. Chemistry learning during pandemic tended to focus on attaining the knowledge aspect. It needs attention, lest during the pandemic, there will be a degradation of students’ character. It is necessary to design chemistry learning that can facilitate the development of students’ character. One of the efforts that can be done is implementing a variety of online learning models. Project based learning can be an alternative strategy to facilitate the development of students’ character. It is necessary to conduct a study to determine the implementation strategy and impact of project based online learning, because it is not easy to apply the syntax in online learning. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of project based online learning on students’ character. The study was a quasi-experimental, with posttest only design. The research population was students of class XI of a public high school in Sleman Regency. The research sample was determined by using purposive sampling technique. The data collection instrument was a questionnaire. The data analysis technique used the independent sample T-test. Based on the research data, it is concluded that there is no difference on students’ character between the implementation of project based online learning and conventional online learning.
Keywords: online learning, project-based learning, prophetic character
Optimization of Imputation Strategies for High-Resolution Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (HR GC-MS) Metabolomics Data
Authors: Ampong Isaac , Zimmerman Kip D. , Nathanielsz Peter W. , Cox Laura A. , Olivier Michael
Published: April 2022

Gas chromatography-coupled mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has been used in biomedical research to analyze volatile, non-polar, and polar metabolites in a wide array of sample types. Despite advances in technology, missing values are still common in metabolomics datasets and must be properly handled. We evaluated the performance of ten commonly used missing value imputation methods with metabolites analyzed on an HR GC-MS instrument. By introducing missing values into the complete (i.e., data without any missing values) NIST plasma dataset we demonstrate that Random Forest (RF), Glmnet Ridge Regression (GRR), and Bayesian Principal Component Analysis (BPCA) shared the lowest Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) in technical replicate data. Further examination of these three methods in data from baboon plasma and liver samples demonstrated they all maintained high accuracy. Overall, our analysis suggests that any of the three imputation methods can be applied effectively to untargeted metabolomics datasets with high accuracy. However, it is important to note that imputation will alter the correlation structure of the dataset, and bias downstream regression coefficients and p-values.
Parity Dependent Quantum Phase Transition in the Quantum Ising Chain in a Transverse Field
Authors: Sacco Shaikh Daniel , Sassetti Maura , Traverso Ziani Niccolò
Published: April 2022

Phase transitions- both in the classical and in the quantum version- are the perfect playground for appreciating universality at work. Indeed, the fine details become unimportant and a classification in very few universality classes is possible. Very recently, a striking deviation from this picture has been discovered: some antiferromagnetic spin chains with competing interactions show a different set of phase transitions depending on the parity of number of spins in the chain. The aim of this article is to demonstrate that the same behavior also characterizes the most simple quantum spin chain: the Ising model in a transverse field. By means of an exact solution based on a Wigner-Jordan transformation, we show that a first order quantum phase transition appears at zero applied field in the odd spin case, while it is not present in the even case. A hint of a possible physical interpretation is given by the combination of two fact: at the point of the phase transition, the degeneracy of the ground state in the even and the odd case substantially differ, being respectively 2 and 2N, with N the number of spins; the spin of the most favorable kink states changes at that point.
Discrepancy between Desired Time in Bed and Desired Total Sleep Time in Patients with Cancer: The DBST Index and the Relationship with Insomnia Severity or Sleep Onset Latency
Authors: Cho Eulah , Song Jaeeun , Lee Joohee , Cho Inn-Kyu , Lee Dongin , Choi Hayun , Kim Harin , Chung Seockhoon
Published: April 2022

Patients with cancer experience insomnia or sleep disturbances. This study aimed to explore whether the discrepancy between a patient's desired time in bed and total sleep time (DBST) index is a measurement tool for insomnia severity or sleep onset latency [SOL] in patients with cancer. This retrospective medical records review study gathered clinical information and rating scale scores including Insomnia Severity Scale (ISI), Cancer-related Dysfunctional Beliefs about Sleep scale (C-DBS), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items (PHQ-9), State subcategory of State and Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Short form of Fear of Progression Questionnaire. Sleep indices of time variables (bedtime, sleep onset time, and wake-up time), duration variables [SOL, time in bed (TIB), time in bed for 24 hours (TIB/d), and duration from wake-up time to bedtime (WTB)], and the DBST index were calculated. The ISI score was predicted by PHQ-9 (β=0.34, P<0.001), C-DBS (β=0.17, P=0.034), and DBST index (β=0.22, P=0.004) with a significant correlation with the DBST index (r=0.19, p=0.020). The DBST index was significantly correlated with long SOL (r=0.23, P=0.005). Long SOL was predicted by early bedtime (β=0.18, P=0.045), short WTB (β=-0.26, P=0.004), and high DBST index (β=0.19, P=0.013). The DBST index was significantly correlated with a predicting variable each for insomnia severity and SOL in patients with cancer.
Hubungan Antara Riwayat Pekerjaan Dengan Derajat Osteoarthritis Pada Wanita Usia Di Atas 65 Tahun
Authors: Deni Prasetyo Utomo  , Akbar Ghozali Dhoni , Darma Saputra Rhyan , Heru Nefihancoro Udi
Published: April 2022

Introduction: Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disease characterized by pain and joint cartilage damage. Osteoarthritis is a disease that disrupts the homeostasis of cartilage metabolism so that it damages the proteoglycan structure in cartilage caused by age, excessive joint wear, anatomic defects, mechanical or chemical stress, obesity, genetics and humoral. Osteoarthritis generally occurs in the knees, feet, shoulders, hands, spine, and hips. Certain work conditions that require more strenuous physical movements such as lifting heavy weights and going up and down stairs are a risk factor for osteoarthritis. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between work history and the degree of osteoarthritis in women aged over 65 years.
Methods: This is an analytical observational research with cross sectional study design. The Subject in this research is medical record patient RSUD DR MOEWARDI SURAKARTA Hospital who have met the criteria. Sampling was done using simple random sampling technique. Data was collected and then analyzed using Spearman correlation test.
Results: The analysis result from 46 samples using Spearman correlation test obtained a p value of less than 0.05 indicating that there is a significant relationship between work history and the degree of osteoarthritis in women aged over 65 years.
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between work history and the degree of osteoarthritis in women aged over 65 years.
Keywords: Osteoarthritis; Occupational History; Degree of OA
Hubungan Celebrity Worship dengan Perilaku Berbelanja Kompulsif pada Remaja
Authors: Sari Yulia , Fianiyanti Kristina , Yuliadi Istar
Published: April 2022

Latar Belakang: Perilaku berbelanja masyarakat dapat dipengaruhi oleh orang yang mereka idolakan. Pemujaan idola (celebrity worship) merupakan salah satu bagian dalam pengembangan identitas di masa remaja. Pemenuhan kebutuhan ketika menjadi bagian dari kelompok penggemar tidak bisa lepas dari praktik konsumsi. Namun jika dilakukan secara terus-menerus secara adiktif-obsesif dengan melakukan pembelian barang-barang yang tidak begitu diperlukan maka akan menjadi perilaku berbelanja kompulsif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara celebrity worship dan perilaku berbelanja kompulsif pada remaja

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan pendekatan studi potong lintang (cross sectional). Subjek yang dipilih berasal dari mahasiswa kedokteran UNS. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang dipakai adalah non-probability sampling, dengan tipe purposive sampling. Dengan rumus besar sampel analitik korelatif ordinal-ordinal, dibutuhkan 100 subjek dalam penelitian ini sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi yakni berusia 17-21 tahun, memiliki minimal satu idola, dan bersedia menjadi subjek penelitian. Kriteria ekslusi yakni pernah didiagnosis gangguan jiwa dan tidak bersedia menjadi subjek penelitian.

Hasil: Penelitian ini dari hasil uji korelasi spearman bahwa terdapat hubungan antara celebrity worship dan perilaku berbelanja kompuslif remaja dengan nilai koefisien korelasi (r) 0,272 dengan nilai signifikansi (p) 0,006. Uji linieritas menunjukkan nilai signifikansi (p) sebesar 0,000.

Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara celebrity worship dan perilaku berbelanja kompuslif pada remaja
Three-dimensional numerical model study of flow near a scour hole in Isle of Wight Bay near Ocean City, Maryland
Authors: Hammack E. , Johnston Morgan
Published: April 2022

A scour hole has developed in Isle of Wight Bay near Ocean City, MD. This hole could grow to the point that nearby land developments are threatened, so channel-bed protection measures may be implemented near this scour hole. Appropriately designing those bed protection measures requires knowledge of the flow behavior in the scour hole, so a three-dimensional model study has been conducted to determine the flow behavior at the extreme flood and ebb tides present during a pre-selected month of tide cycles. Steady-state simulations of the flows during those two tide conditions have been completed. Contour plots of the flow velocity near the bed and the corresponding bed shear stresses are provided as input for the design of the bed protection measures.
EL RÉGIMEN DE ALEGACIÓN Y PRUEBA DEL DERECHO EXTRANJERO EN ESPAÑA, A PROPÓSITO DE LA SENTENCIA DE LA AUDIENCIA PROVINCIAL DE MÁLAGA Nº 3/2019 DE 8 DE ENERO
Authors: Ortega Giménez Alfonso
Published: April 2022

El art. 281.2 LEC obliga a alegar y probar el derecho extranjero en su contenido y vigencia permitiendo al tribunal valerse de los medios de averiguación que estime necesarios para su aplicación. Es a la parte que lo invoque a quien corresponde demostrar el contenido y la vigencia, de modo que, una vez justificados esos dos extremos, dependerá del Juez la aplicación; así lo afirma la AP Málaga en su Sentencia 3/2019, de 8 de enero al señalar que, al no acreditarse el Derecho extranjero reclamado en una sucesión, procede resolver la cuestión debatida conforme a las normas del ordenamiento jurídico español.
Análisis de la Satisfacción Vital, Salud y Apoyo Social en Pacientes con Hipertensión Arterial
Authors: Martos-Méndez María José
Published: April 2022

Marco teórico: La hipertensión arterial es considerada como uno de los principales problemas de salud en la actualidad, convirtiéndose, así, en un grave problema social. El objetivo del presente estudio es determinar el nivel de salud, satisfacción vital y apoyo social en una muestra de pacientes hipertensos, así como analizar la influencia del apoyo social sobre la salud y satisfacción vital.
Método: La muestra del estudio está formada por 141 personas diagnosticadas con hipertensión arterial, que cumplimentaron de forma voluntaria el cuestionario diseñado para evaluar las variables objeto de investigación.
Resultados: Los pacientes manifiestan tener un nivel medio de salud y sentirse algo más satisfechos con su vida, aun percibiendo algunos síntomas de enfermedad. El apoyo social percibido de todas las fuentes es bastante alto, especialmente en familia y pareja. Los resultados confirman el papel del apoyo social como predictor de la salud y satisfacción con la vida de los pacientes analizados.
Conclusiones: Así, se ha comprobado el importante rol de las relaciones interpersonales en la mejora de la salud y bienestar de los enfermos hipertensos, apareciendo los sanitarios como fuente importante de ayuda, además de la familia y la pareja. Sería de gran interés realizar intervenciones específicas con familiares y sanitarios, para que los pacientes puedan aumentar tanto la percepción de apoyo recibido como la satisfacción con el apoyo que sus fuentes cercanas le prestan.
Palabras Clave: Salud, satisfacción vital, apoyo social, hipertensión.
Apoyo social y consumo de tóxicos en reingresos hospitalarios psiquiátricos.
Authors: Martín-Agudiez Nuria , Martínez-Mena Mª Isabel , Gómez-Díaz Magdalena
Published: April 2022

Marco teórico: Son muchos los pacientes con patología psiquiátrica que requieren más de un ingreso hospitalario a lo largo de su proceso de enfermedad. El presente estudio trata de evaluar si la ausencia de apoyo social o el consumo de sustancias son posibles factores de riesgo en los reingresos psiquiátricos. Método: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo transversal que consta de 100 pacientes psiquiátricos que al menos reingresaron dos veces en el Hospital General Universitario Reina Sofía de Murcia, en un período de tiempo de año y medio. Resultados: No hemos obtenido significación estadística en relación a las variables “reingresos” y “apoyo social” y “consumo de tóxicos”, pero sí entre el apoyo social y el consumo de tóxicos. Conclusiones: Ni el apoyo social ni el consumo de sustancias se relacionan con los reingresos hospitalarios psiquiátricos de nuestra muestra, sin embargo la ausencia de apoyo social está relacionada con el consumo de sustancias.
Análisis de la Calidad de Vida y el Dolor en Pacientes Amputados
Authors: Jiménez Rodríguez Diana , Ramírez Peinado Andrea , Rueda Garrido Juan Carlos , Díaz Agea José Luis
Published: April 2022

Introducción y objetivos: La amputación conlleva una serie de consecuencias que influyen en la calidad de vida. Se pretende estimar la percepción de la calidad de vida y del dolor de personas amputadas y la receptividad a hacer uso de terapias complementarias. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo-transversal con personas amputadas. Se ha utilizado el cuestionario de salud SF-36 y la escala EVA del dolor. Resultados: El 53,57% de los sujetos de estudio perciben la calidad de su vida como “mala”. El dolor está presente en la mayoría de las personas amputadas. Encontramos que mayoritariamente los amputados de la muestra aceptan la propuesta de recibir información sobre terapias complementarias. Discusión: La terapia psicológica es beneficiosa aunque la mayoría de nuestra muestra no hace uso de esta terapia. Conclusiones: Las personas que sufren una amputación encuentran afectada su calidad de vida en diferentes esferas como en lo social, la emocional, la psicológico, entre otras.
Comparación de la calidad de vida en estudiantes universitarios de Cataluña, Coahuila y Nuevo México
Authors: Salgado Espinosa Mayra Lizeth , Álvarez Bermúdez Javier , Nieto Escamilla Daniela , Chávez Martínez Mayra
Published: April 2022

La calidad de vida es un constructo que involucra la percepción de la persona respecto a su situación en la vida, donde tiene que ver el estado de salud, estado de ánimo, tareas domésticas y del curso/clase y las actividades de ocio. Método: La muestra estuvo conformada por estudiantes de la Eastern New Mexico University [n=50], la Universitat de Barcelona [n=50] y la Universidad Autónoma de Coahuila [n=50]. Se utilizó el instrumento de auto-reporte “Cuestionario sobre Calidad de Vida: satisfacción y placer”. Se realizó un análisis de comparación de medias por ANOVA de un factor mediante el SPSS versión 19. Resultados: Se encontraron diferencias significativas en todas las dimensiones, a excepción de la buena coordinación de los movimientos. Discusión: De forma general, los universitarios se reportaron satisfechos con sus vidas y las diferencias en la calidad de vida se explican a través de factores culturales y socioeconómicos.
Classical and Communicative Sign Models in Explanation of the Grelling – Nelson Paradox Part II
Authors:   Institute of Linguistics RAS, Vdovichenko Andrey V.
Published: April 2022

К. Grelling – L. Nelson’s paradox arises if the author (authors) and the addressee (addressees) use the classical linguistic model of meaning formation, which pos­tulates that self-referential signs (words), or modules “form – meaning”, are em­ployed and understood in word-containing semiotic procedures. The commu­nicative model of meaning formation, on the contrary, states the impossibility of an autonomous reference of a sign, considers an attempt at indirect influence (i.e., process) as the only possible object of reference and understanding in a given communicative act, recognizes the actional (“influential”) mode of semi­otic actor’s consciousness as the exclusive source of the produced “meaning”, including of sign reference. The paradox is viewed as a sequence of attempts at communicative influences on a conceivable addressee who understands (ap­proves or disapproves) the actions of the author of the paradox by considering his “influential” cognitive states: on which objects the author focuses the ad­dressee’s attention, what are the denotations hidden by the author behind the “bodies” of signs, how justified the established classes, relationships, links, etc. The main vulnerability of the paradox is proposed to be seen in the fact that the author unjustifiably recognizes the independent out-of-communicative ability of a sign (word) to produce influences (to name, to describe, to have its own prop­erties), does not notice the communicative constants of meaning formation in the theoretical field, although inevitably uses them practically. The paradox is elimi­nated together with the removal of the classical concept of a sign as an autono­mous module “form – meaning”.
Jewish Philosopher from Lithuanian Forests: On Solomon Maimon and His “Autobiography”
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Burmistrov Konstantin Yu.
Published: April 2022

Solomon Maimon (1753–1800), one of the most significant Jewish philosophers of modern times, in his writings tried to critically approach the tradition of Jewish thought and compare its teachings with the views of European philosophers. In re­cent decades, he and his views have attracted close attention of historians of phi­losophy. Recently, seven volumes of his works were published in Russia, translated from German and Hebrew. One of his most famous books is his Lebensgeschichte (Autobiography), an autobiography written by him in the 1790s and revealing both the stages of his life path and spiritual development, as well as his understanding of various problems of philosophy, religion, ethics and mysticism. This book has en­joyed a reputation as a classic in the genre of “intellectual biography” for two cen­turies. The article discusses the main features of this book, as well as its perception in the 19th – early 20th centuries. The stereotypical image of Maimon as a free­thinker Jew, a fighter against religious superstitions and social inequality, almost overshadowed his significance as an original philosopher, whose views were ap­preciated by I. Kant and J.G. Fichte. This attitude towards Maimon was fully re­flected in the translations of his Autobiography. Our article pays special attention to the Russian translations of this book. We are publishing for the first time docu­ments related to an attempt to publish in the 1930s a complete commented transla­tion of Maimon’s book. Famous Soviet philosophers and translators participated in the preparation of this translation (Boris G. Stolpner, Isaak M. Alter, and others), but the book was never published for political reasons.
Presupposition of the Epoche and Neutralization of Experience: Terms and Problems
Authors:   Russian State University for the Humanities, Molchanov Victor I.
Published: April 2022

The article reveals several presuppositions of the basic procedure of the phe­nomenological method, designated by Husserl as epoche, or phenomenological reduction. The methodological basis of the study is the distinction between terms, concepts, and problems, as well as the combination of conceptual and ter­minological analysis, which is mainly realized on the basis of the first two major works of Husserl Logical Investigations (LI) and Ideas of pure phenomenology and phenomenological philosophy (Ideas I). Husserl’s attempts to present feel­ing-volitional elements as prerequisites for an epoche are analyzed. In this re­spect, the author examines the influence of Brentano’s ethical teaching on Husserl, as well as various interpretations of Husserl’s phenomenology in Rus­sian philosophy (Gustav Shpet, Lev Shestov, Yakov Druskin). Brentano’s doc­trine of representation as a primary mental phenomenon is considered as the starting point of Husserl’s attempt to describe in LI a “simple representation” as a definite experience. The function of the term neutralization in Husserl’s con­cept of noetic-noematic structures and its correspondence to the term simple rep­resentation becomes the subject of the study. The way towards the epoche as a conception of the method is interpreted as a turn from neutralization of any positions in the world to neutralization of the existence of the world itself. The author comes to the conclusion that Husserl’s presupposition and model for such a turn is mathematics and science as a theory. In general, as a term epoche indicates various types of experience along with presuppositions that are not re­alized in experience; as a conception epoche proves to be a loosely connected set of volitional, ethical and cognitively neutral elements.
Ludwig Wittgenstein as a Fictional Character. Part II
Authors:   Russian Christian Humanitarian Academy, Koval Oxana A. , Kriukova Ekaterina B. ,   Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Sociological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: April 2022

The second article continues to acquaint with the image of Wittgenstein, as he appears on the pages of fiction. The key thesis of the study, according to which the imaginary strategy of world literature provides new meaning to the strictly rational understanding of Wittgenstein’s works and personality, is confirmed on the basis of the works of various authors. Perspectives in which writers discover Wittgenstein’s innovative ideas turn out to be interesting and very unusual. In particular, Percival Everett plays in the ironic style on the content and structure of “Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus” and extends its linguistic concept directly to the field of literature itself. Enrique Vila-Matas, who studies the phenomenon of silence in literature, reveals an ethical paradox between Wittgenstein’s theory and practice. In the novel of Ciaran Carson and in the texts of Thomas Bernhard, the philosopher’s behavior and eccentric features of his character, which contributed to the formation of the legendary cult around his person, receive an original ex­planation. Thus, fiction creates a many-sided portrait of a philosopher, in which his thought is a continuation of his outstanding personality.
The Engagement of India and the West in Socio-philosophical Concepts of Bhaktivinoda Thakur and Aurobindo Ghosh
Authors:   HSE University, Inkov Aliskender I. , Shikov Artem A. ,   HSE University
Published: April 2022

n the new geopolitical realities, India is increasingly showing itself as one of the leaders not only of world politics, but also of the Fourth industrial revolution, successfully combining commitment to its cultural traditions with the desire to modernize the lives of all its citizens. The desire and ability to unite inconsistent have been characteristic features of the Indian mentality since antiquity. They were clearly manifested in the socio-philosophical concepts proposed by the ideo­logists of the Indian Renaissance in the late XIX – early XX century, Bhaktivin­oda Thakur and Aurobindo Ghosh. The analysis of their teachings, to which this article is devoted, draws attention to the presence in the philosophical thought of that time of two positions in relation to Western culture: the radical denial of Western values and their creative assimilation. Both thinkers were preoccupied with the problem of current state of society, which was not characteristic of clas­sical Vedanta. They both criticized the West for excessive rationalism, and they both considered spiritual progress as the only tool for establishing harmony in society. But Thakur saw a decline in public life, the reason for which he saw in the departure from the original principles of varṇāśrama-dharma, which has been normalizing people's lives since ancient times, and he called for their restoration. Ghosh, on the other hand, thought globally: he told on the sense of universal human history as the realization of the Divine Absolute-Brahman in earthly life. He criticized and rejected Western socio-philosophical concepts as untenable for the reason of their discrepancies with the main values for him, which were: uniqueness and importance of every human being, and the need for all people to unite for the achievement of their oneness with Brahman.
Emotions and Thinking
Authors:   Independent researcher, Yakhnin Evgenyi D.
Published: April 2022

The living world, just like the inanimate one, belongs to nature. However, all liv­ing systems, in contrast to the inanimate ones, are unbalanced: they exist in the sta­te of non-equilibrium. Their existence requires constant interaction with the exter­nal environment for consumption of energy and various substances as building materials. It is determined by evolutionarily developed programs in the form of in­stinctive (single-variant) and intellectual (multi-variant) responses to external in­fluences (changes in the external environment). In humans and some other highly developed representatives of the living world, the main reactions are of the intel­lectual type. At the final stage of such responses, one optimal variant is selected. Examples from real life of positive and negative emotional choice determined by the social experience of the individual are given. In this article I explore the idea that the selection criterion for choice optimisation is the emotions associated with the virtual representations of the subjects experience accumulated in their memory. Thus, we solve the problem of understanding of the selection criterion and the vo­litional component of the thinking process at a whole. The role and necessity of emotions in every act of the thinking process becomes more understandable.
Paradigms of the Image and the Word in Early Italian Renaissance Culture
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Mayorova Ekaterina D.
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to the study of the theoretical explication of lore and visual praxis. The research is deal with particular methods of both types of artistic en­deavor, as well as to the study of the nature of visual and verbal images. The arti­cle is also related to comprehend the fundamental idea of the general correlation of verbal and visual principles in this period. It is aimed to show how the culture itself has been turning towards visuality and it is also proposed to investigate how personal experience could be turned out to be at the same time the universal experience of mankind. The research is focused on how experience, direct com­prehension of reality and concept of universe’s diversity have switched the para­digm of the word to the image paradigm in the culture of the period under re­view. It is interesting mainly due to the fact that in the era of the Italian Renaissance one of the most significant changes has been made not only in his­tory of figurative systems (icon – painting), but also in essential cultural concept (verbal – visual). In the article the author explores how visual arts (and painting in particular) had come up to be not only the surface of the Italian Renaissance but to affect so intense on modern art values.
Comenius, Millenarianism, and the Project of a Universal Language. John Amos Comenius, “Via Lucis, Chap. XIX, The Foundation of the Universal Language”, Trans. from Latin and Comm. by Anton V. Karabykov
Authors:   V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University, Karabykov Anton V.
Published: April 2022

The Russian studies of John Amos Comenius’ works rarely go beyond the limits of history of pedagogy. Meanwhile, the Czech thinker’s legacy is wide and mul­tifaceted. The aim of the article is to explore a linguo-philosophic aspect of his teaching subjected to goals of global reform of the world in a context of Come­nius’ eschatological views. It is shown that the aspect was developed in a form of the “universal culture of language”. Main directions of that culture and their or­ganization according to which relatively simple and feasible projects devoted to cultivation of national as well as classic languages were subordinated to the most difficult and problematic one, namely creation of a universal, purely rational and artificial language, are considered. The system of beliefs and presumptions un­derlying that ultimate scheme is analyzed: firstly, its core including epistemic and theological convictions shared by Comenius with other designers and sup­porters of universal language schemes, and, secondly, its periphery which com­prised religious and metaphysic views distinguishing the Czech reformer’s modus cogitandi. The research is supplemented with a translation of the chapter XIX ‘The foundation of the Universal language’ of Comenius’ important treatise ‘The Way of Light’ (Via Lucis) (publ. 1668).
Interaction and Boundaries of Social, Biological and Cosmic Types of Reality
Authors:   Institute of Philosophy Russian Academy of Sciences, Rozin Vadim M.
Published: April 2022

The article examines three main types of realities (social, biological and cosmic), which came into interaction at the planetary level, giving rise to negative conse­quences (environmental crisis, pandemic, etc.). The author raises the question of the reasons, pointing to two main ones. The first is the understanding of nature, the concept of which allows you to describe scientifically only one type of real­ity (cosmic); life and social relations were then reduced to this reality. The sec­ond reason is the design nature of the mind and culture of modernity, provoking not only the complication of realities, but also negative consequences. A scheme of the genesis of these three types of realities is proposed, based on two posi­tions, namely, that only one reality (cosmic) was the original and that within the limited whole planet there was a complication of reality and the formation of a new type of reality (biological, and then on its basis – of social one). At the same time, the author shows that the formation of a new type of reality occurs not according to the logic of development, but according to the logic of forma­tion. The analysis of formation presupposes the allocation of the prerequisites for a new whole and its constitution as a new formation. Examples are given to con­firm this logic. On the basis of the proposed scheme of genesis and analysis of the three main types of reality, the opposite discourses (project mind and nature) are considered in the works of Plato and Aristotle, as well as I. Vernadsky and A. Losev. In conclusion, it is suggested that at the present time, the formation of the fourth type of reality, called by the author “anthropo-activity-technical”, is taking place; this idea suggests itself under the influence of the analysis of the Internet, mobile communications, robotics and a number of other new forma­tions.