bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationship between Plasma Level of Beta-amyloid, Alpha-synuclein, and Tau Protein with Cognitive Impairment in Parkinson Disease
Authors: Syafrita Yuliarni , Istarini Attiya , Busra Meldayeni , Indra Syarif , Susanti Restu
Published: March 2022

Background: Most people with Parkinson’s disease will develop dementia along with their illness development. There are several overlapping brain pathological features in patients with Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. These features are related with beta-amyloid findings, alpha-synuclein and tau protein.
Aim: This study was designed to determine the relationship between beta-amyloid, alpha-synuclein and tau protein plasma level with cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease. 
Materials and Methods: This was an observational with case-control design study. Total of 62 patients with Parkinson’s disease and 20 healthy controls were included in this study. Parkinson’s disease group was divided into 2 subgroups, patient with and without cognitive impairment based on Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesian version (MoCA-Ina) score. The plasma levels of beta-amyloid, alpha-synuclein, and tau protein were measured by using enzyme-linked immunoassay technique. Student’s t-test was used to analyze normally distributed data of plasma level differences between groups (Parkinson’s disease group; control group) and subgroups (Parkinson disease with and without cognitive impairment). If the data was not normally distributed, we used Mann-Whitney test. The level of significancy was <0.05 (p value <0.05). 
Results: The result demonstrated significant differences in beta-amyloid, alpha-synuclein, and tau protein plasma level between Parkinson’s disease and control group (p<0.05). We also found significant differences of beta-amyloid plasma level between Parkinson’s with and without cognitive impairment subgroups (p<0.05), but none in other parameters (p>0.05). 
Conclusion: Low plasma levels of beta-amyloid 42 (Aβ42) are associated with cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson’s disease.
The Predictive Role of Vitamin D Deficiency in Urinary Tract Infection at Reproductive Age in Women
Authors: Basil Mays , Chmagh Aalaa A. , Hassan Mustafa S.
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common health infections in pregnant women with high complications. Many of the worldwide population suffer from vitamin D deficiency (VDD) due to insufficient exposure to sunlight. The relationship between VDD and UTI and giving vitamin D supplementation contributes to preventing UTI.

AIM: The present study aims to find the effect of VDD and UTIs in women of reproductive age as risk factors during pregnancy.

METHODS: The samples were collected from May 2020 to February 2021 from gynecology clinic outpatients and private clinics in Basrah city. A 104 sample was collected from females of reproductive age between 15 and 45 years divided into three age groups suffering recurrent UTI and VDD.

RESULTS: Of 104 women who followed up with UTIs during the study period, the deficiency of vitamin D levels in women was 62.5%. The levels of deficiency were significantly higher in the age group 25-34y is 71.1%, followed by 15-24y is 63.2%, and 35-45 y is 50% with mean 24 ± 6.8 years. In addition, the results showed the vitamin D levels at an insufficient level (30.8%) higher in the age group 35-45 y is 42.9% with a mean of 10 ± 1.2. Furthermore, the results showed that the vitamin D levels at an insufficient level (30.8%) higher in the age group 35–45 years are 42.9% with a mean of 10 ± 1.2.

CONCLUSION: Our current study revealed that there is a clear correlation between women who suffer from VDD and UTIs, whether severe or frequent infection at reproductive age and this affects their fertility and pregnancy. In addition, the study concluded that adolescent girls and young women are the most vulnerable to VDD and UTIs.
Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism Affecting Vitamin D and Beta Carotene Deficiency in Tuberculosis Patients
Authors: Sari Dina Keumala , Dharmajaya Ridha , Sari Mutiara Indah , Masyithah Dewi
Published: March 2022

BACKGROUND: The working mechanism of Vitamin D in tuberculosis (TB), which is influenced by the work of other vitamins and minerals, remains questionable. This is particularly the case regarding the effect of polymorphism of the Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene.

AIM: The objective of this research was to examine the differences in serum levels of 25(OH)D, retinol, beta-carotene, and calcium in TB patients compared to healthy people who have VDR gene polymorphisms (TaqI, BsmI, and FokI).

METHODS: This research was a case–control study involving 176 men and women with a pair of VDR gene polymorphisms, consisting of 94 TB patients (TB group) and 82 healthy people (control group) in North Sumatera, Indonesia.

RESULTS: There was a significant difference in Vitamin D levels between the TB and control groups (p = 0.001), with Vitamin D deficiency of 85.1% in the TB group and 100% in the control group. Significant differences were found in retinol levels and beta-carotene, but there were no significant differences in calcium levels (p = 0.619). Based on these results, there was a significant difference between the TBC and normal group in 25(OH)D, retinol, and beta-carotene serum.

CONCLUSION: This study showed that 25(OH)D serum was higher in the TBC group than the control group, but lower in retinol and beta-carotene serum. There is no difference in calcium serum level in both groups.
A new species of the genus Pelodiscus (Testudines, Trionychia) from Jiangxi China
Authors: Hou Xiao Chen , Lin Liu , Li Mei Mei , Jiang Hui , HaiTao Shi
Published: March 2022

A new species of softshell turtle (Pelodiscus jiangxiensis sp. nov.) is described based on five specimens from Jiangxi, China. Phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial sequences indicated that the new species is the sister lineage to a Pelodiscus clade that includes two currently recognized species, namely P. axenaria (Zhou, Zhang & Fang, 1991) from Hunan and P. huangshanensis Gong et al. 2021 from Anhui. Morphologically, the new species is most similar to P. axenaria but can be distinguished by its plain, yellowish white plastron, the absence of the single dark gray central figure, and a distinct carapace pattern. The description of this species increases the number of recognized Pelodiscus species to seven, of which six are distributed in China and four are endemic.
Shared Governance: Hartford Hospital's Experience
Authors: Caramanica Laura
Published: March 2022

Shared Governance is the administration and deployment of the organization's services through a partnership model of managers and staff. A system is said to "live" where it provides service. In a health care organization this is the point of service known as the patient care unit. In that arena staff nurses engaged in a partnership model of governance should be acknowledged as the rightful owner of their clinical practice and the systems that support the delivery of patient care. This manuscript describes an acute care hospital's experience in the evolution of its governance structure that enabled staff nurses to assume greater levels of autonomy and control over their practice.
Traditional and Non-traditional Collective Bargaining: Strategies to Improve the Patient Care Environment
Authors: Budd Karen , Warino Linda , Patton Mary
Published: March 2022

Acquiring organizational autonomy and control over nursing practice, through a combination of traditional and non-traditional collective bargaining (CB) strategies, is emerging as an important solution to the nursing shortage crisis. For the past 60 years, nurses have improved their economic and general welfare by organizing through traditional CB, particularly during periods of nursing shortages. During the past decade, however, the downsizing of nursing staffs, systems redesign, and oppressive management practices have created such poor nursing practice environments that improvement in wages no longer is viewed as the primary purpose of CB. Much more essential to nurses is assuring they have a safe practice environment free of mandatory overtime and other work issues, and a voice in the resource allocation decisions that affect their ability to achieve quality health outcomes for patients. The thesis presented in this article is that traditional and non-traditional CB strategies empower nurses to find such a voice and gain control over nursing practice. This article describes the current shortage; discusses how CB can be used to help nurses find a voice to effect change; reviews the American Nurses Association’s (ANA's) history of collective action activities; explains differences between traditional and non-traditional CB strategies; and presents a case study in which both strategies were used to improve the present patient care environment.
Phenomenographic Study of Women’s Experiences of Domestic Violence During the Childbearing Years
Authors: McCosker Heather , Barnard Alan , Gerber Rod
Published: March 2022

Much of the domestic violence and abuse literature contains reports of quantitative research approaches that quantify the experience, identify those at risk, and recommend interventions. Although important, these approaches often fail to describe the experience and understanding from the perspective of and in the language used by women who have experienced abuse. This article reports a phenomenographic study of six women's understanding of their experiences of domestic violence during their childbearing years, the time period associated with pregnancy and the first twelve months after birth. The women described domestic violence as being experienced as a loss of self, being controlled and destruction. This report presents the women's views of domestic violence as a complex and damaging phenomenon that is experienced by them in a number of qualitatively different ways.
Nursing in the Next Decade: Implications for Health Care and for Patient Safety
Authors: Kany Katherine
Published: March 2022

Nursing faces yet another divergence between demand and supply that is evidenced in insufficient nurse staffing with significant implications for patient safety. Many believe this shortage of registered nurses is entrenched in long-standing problems related to the value and image of nursing and the limited role nursing has had in identifying priorities within health care delivery systems. Nursing's Agenda for the Future is a plan resulting from the experience and wisdom of a broad representation of general nursing and nursing specialty organizations. Efforts to realize the priorities and objectives have evolved over the past two years in order to make larger strides, or quantum leaps, toward reaching the objectives contained within the plan. This article reviews the activities leading up to the development of this plan, presents the key areas of concern addressed in this plan, describes what has been accomplished since the publication of this plan in 2002, and outlines the work that lies ahead to bring to fruition the objectives the plan established.
Caring for Those Who Care: A Tribute to Nurses and Their Safety
Authors: Foley Mary
Published: March 2022

From the clinics of South Africa, where there are "No Gun" signs on the walls; to the rural island hospital in Micronesia, where there is no running water; to the urban hospitals of Los Angeles serving non-English speaking clients from around the globe; to the nurse-run clinics in the harsh Alaska frontier, nurses are focused on doing their best to give quality nursing care. This focus on providing quality care is commendable. However, nurses must also focus on taking care of themselves so they are able both to continue providing quality care for their patients and to maintain the profession's ability to recruit and retain new nurses. In nursing textbooks from the late 1980s and early 1990s, risks to health care workers were listed only as sub headings in sections such as infectious agents and musculoskeletal injuries, or in general chapters on "women's work." It is a remarkable sign of progress that there is now a discrete focus on the health and safety of health care workers. This article provides a general introduction to the topic of nurse safety. First the major areas of health and safety concerns and the Hierarchy of Controls framework for risk reduction will be outlined. Next, findings from American Nurses Association (ANA) surveys which helped to crystallize the issue of safety and challenged the profession to focus on nurse safety will be presented. Following this, the linkages between patient safety and nurse safety will be discussed. Finally national reports, environmental initiatives, and policy successes and opportunities related to nurse safety will be noted.
Handle With Care®: The American Nurses Association’s Campaign to Address Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders
Authors: de Castro A.
Published: March 2022

In response to the significant number and severity of work-related back injuries and other musculoskeletal disorders among nurses, the American Nurses Association (ANA) has launched the Handle With Care® campaign*. The campaign seeks to build a health care industry-wide effort to prevent back and other musculoskeletal injuries. This is being done through developing partnerships and coalitions, education and training, increasing use of assistive equipment and patient-handling devices, reshaping nursing education to incorporate safe patient handling, and pursuing federal and state ergonomics policy by highlighting technology-oriented safe-patient handling benefits for patients and nurses. In the absence of ergonomics regulations at national or state levels that protect health care workers, ANA has taken on alternative approaches to encourage a movement to control ergonomic hazards in the health care workplace and prevent back injuries among the nation’s nursing workforce.
Evidence-Based Practices for Safe Patient Handling and Movement
Authors: Nelson Audrey , Baptiste Andrea
Published: March 2022

Efforts to reduce injuries associated with patient handling are often based on tradition and personal experience rather than scientific evidence. The purpose of this article is to summarize current evidence for interventions designed to reduce caregiver injuries, a significant problem for decades. Despite strong evidence, published over three decades, the most commonly used strategies have strong evidence that demonstrate they are ineffective. There is a growing body of evidence to support newer interventions that are effective or show promise in reducing musculoskeletal pain and injuries in care providers. The authors have organized potential solutions into three established ergonomic solution types: engineering based, administrative, and behavioral. For each intervention, the level of evidence to support its use is provided.
Workplace Violence in Health Care: Recognized but not Regulated
Authors: McPhaul Kathleen , Lipscomb Jane
Published: March 2022

Workplace violence is one of the most complex and dangerous occupational hazards facing nurses working in today's health care environment. This article includes critiques of the conceptual, empirical, and policy progress of the past decade, a discussion of the need for methodologically rigorous intervention effectiveness research, and a description of a joint-labor management research effort aimed at documenting a process to reduce violence in a state mental health system. The development of a typology of workplace violence has advanced our understanding of the relationship of the perpetrator of the violence to the victim and provided a foundation for conceptual frameworks linking etiology and prevention. Even though health care workers may be exposed to four types of violence in the course of their work, the overwhelming majority of threats and assaults against caregivers come from patients (Type II), justifying emphasis on this type of violence. Individual nurses and direct care providers have very little influence over the level of violence in their workplaces, but through collective action are poised to influence policies designed to protect the health care workforce.
Naturalisme occidental et christianisme
Authors: Anger Violaine
Published: March 2022

Philippe Descola a publié un livre majeur, Les formes du sensible, une anthropologie de la figuration (Seuil, 2021), dont nous avons salué l’ampleur, tant dans le sujet, envisager les formes de figuration à l’échelle mondiale, que dans l’ambition, proposer une approche classificatoire rigoureuse permettant d’approcher l’ensemble des pratiques humaines. Une entreprise aussi importante va évidemment rencontrer beaucoup de lecteurs différents et susciter des discussions de fond. Dans la suite de l’entretien avec Philippe Descola publié dans le numéro précédent, nous prolongeons ici la réflexion, suscitée notamment par la place qu’il réserve au naturalisme occidental et au christianisme dans cette histoire des formes de figuration.
La formalisation du contrôle dans les organisations prônant une autonomie radicale
Authors: Desmarais Céline , Weidmann Jean , Agassiz Isabelle , Gonin François , Konishi Mario , Nestea Paula , Petermann Manon
Published: March 2022

Cet article s’interroge sur la forme que prennent les dispositifs de contrôle dans les organisations prônant une autonomie radicale : ceux-ci sont-ils une négation masquée de l’autonomie affichée ou peuvent-ils au contraire soutenir l’autonomie ? Pour répondre à cette question, nous analysons les modalités de contrôle organisationnel qui se développent dans des organisations qui se réclament de l’entreprise libérée ou qui ont développé un programme ambitieux lié aux nouvelles façons de travailler et leur effet sur l’autonomie des acteurs. Pour cela, nous analysons des études de cas réalisées dans 7 organisations de Suisse romande. Des interviews, une mesure du niveau d’autonomie, des observations non-participantes ainsi que des focus groups ont été réalisés. L’analyse montre que ces organisations développent des formes de contrôles concertés, mais que l’effet du contrôle sur l’autonomie subjective dépend plus des modalités de mise en œuvre du contrôle que de sa nature.
Russell's Separation of the Logical and Semantic Paradoxes
Authors: Landini Gregory
Published: March 2022

On regarde souvent Russell comme ay ant soutenu que les paradoxes logiques et les paradoxes semantiques derivent tons d'une source commune — a savoir la violation du principe du cercle vicieux de Poincare. La ramification de la theorie des types des Principia Mathematica resulte, a ce qu'on pretend, des efforts de Russell pour eviter les paradoxes semantiques. Cet article montre, cependant, que Russell a trade separement des deux sortes de paradoxes et en a offert des solutions distinctes en 1906. Les implications de cette decouverte pour les Principia et pour la philosophic de I'atomisme logique de Russell sont alors explore es.
« La vérité du scepticisme », le destin d'une expression
Authors: Domenach Élise
Published: March 2022

Cet article vise à éclairer la réinterprétation du scepticisme menée par Stanley Cavell, en considérant les sens de l'expression qui semble la résumer : "la vérité du scepticisme". Nous tentons de montrer que les mésinterprétations de cette expression témoignent du travail du scepticisme lui-même. Le philosophe de Harvard ne vise ni une réduction au non-sens, ni une nouvelle version du scepticisme, ni un rappel de nos croyances ordinaires. La perception du sens de l'expression cavellienne requiert une thérapie, ou une éducation. En se confrontant à la permanence de la menace sceptique, Cavell met au jour "une vérité sur nous-mêmes" qu'il nous faut apprendre à percevoir. Suivre le destin de cette expression dans son oeuvre depuis 1966 et dans le débat anglo-américain contemporain sur le scepticisme permet cerner la nouveauté du scepticisme ordinaire cavellien que nous nommons critériel.
S’attacher à la société Durkheim et la théorie des liens sociaux
Authors: Paugam Serge
Published: March 2022

Durkheim consacra sa vie à essayer de répondre à l’interrogation qu’il formulait dès 1893, dans sa thèse sur la Division du travail , de la façon suivante : « Comment se fait-il que tout en devenant plus autonome l’individu dépende davantage de la société ? » Autrement dit, comment des individus autonomes peuvent-ils faire société, comment parviennent-il à s’attacher à la société ? Les formes d’attachement des individus entre eux et à la société sont en réalité multiples et continuent de l’être dans les sociétés modernes. Pour Durkheim, ces liens renvoient à des formes de morale distinctes. Comment alors penser leur articulation ? Doit-on inévitablement les hiérarchiser pour assurer une cohérence normative et rendre ainsi possible l’intégration sociale de tous les individus ? Cet article insiste sur la réforme des groupements professionnels que Durkheim envisageait pour résoudre les dysfonctionnements du monde économique et les risques de désintégration des travailleurs. Il revient aussi sur la conception durkheimienne de l’Etat. En rapprochant les textes écrits pour l’essentiel dans la dernière décennie du XIX e siècle, y compris ses cours professés à l’Université de Bordeaux, il est possible d’esquisser les fondements d’une théorie durkheimienne des liens sociaux, mais aussi d’en cerner les limites.
Le lien social à l’épreuve de l’individualisme Le « culte de l’individu » chez Durkheim
Authors: Mesure Sylvie
Published: March 2022

Depuis 1893 jusqu’à la fin de sa vie, la question de l’individualisme des sociétés modernes n’a cessé de hanter Durkheim. Dès De la division du travail social, il fait en effet le constat que la montée de l’individualisme, en faisant éclater les structures du monde traditionnel, a conduit à une profonde crise sociale qu’il interprète avant tout comme une crise morale. Dès lors, il s’agira pour lui de repenser les conditions d’un consensus renouvelé adapté à la dynamique de la modernité. Dans cette étude, nous montrerons que la réponse apportée par Durkheim à cette crise des sociétés modernes n’a cependant pas été univoque. Si en 1893, il pensait pouvoir fonder la cohésion sociale sur la solidarité fonctionnelle liée à la division du travail, c’est un tout autre modèle qu’il mobilisera à partir de 1898 et de son célèbre texte sur L’individualisme et les intellectuels. Cet article veut mettre en évidence la logique de ces deux modèles en montrant que c’est seulement à partir d’une réflexion sur la double nature de l’individualisme moderne que Durkheim trouvera le fondement d’une nouvelle et authentique solidarité.
Was Ernst Bloch zum Phänomen des Vergessens sagt
Authors: Vidal Francesca
Published: March 2022

L'oubli est-il fondamentalement déficient ? Nietzsche plaide pour un art de l'oubli afin de pouvoir hériter de l'histoire au sens d'un avenir productif à l'aide de l'historiographie rhétorique. Ernst Bloch s’intéresse avant tout à une évaluation sociocritique ; il s’intéresse aux normes éthiques. Il pose des questions sur le contenu subversif virulent dont il faut se souvenir. L'essai cherche à montrer pourquoi, selon Bloch, la mémoire exige toujours l'attente de l'avenir.
Un syndicalisme « incongru » ?
Authors: Dupuy Camille
Published: March 2022

Au sein du monde associatif, les travailleur·ses jeunes, précarisé·es et isolé·es dans des structures de petite taille et entretenant des rapports particuliers avec leurs employeur·ses sont assez éloigné·es du profil classique du syndiqué. Il s’est pourtant créé en 2010 un syndicat qui regroupe les travailleur·ses d’associations. Cet article analyse la création, l’architecture, les modes de fonctionnement et les membres de ce syndicat. Il montre que la forme et les actions de ce syndicat s’inscrivent dans les transformations de ce monde du travail et de ses membres et permettent d’explorer la place donnée à l’employeur·se en son sein.
Biodiesel production enhanced by ultrasound-assisted esterification and transesterification of inedible olive oil
Authors: Golmakani M.-T. , Dehghan L. , Rahimizad N.
Published: March 2022

In the first phase of this study, inedible olive oil with different initial free fatty acid concentrations (2.5, 5.0, and 10.0%) was processed through acid-catalyzed esterification. Various heating methods were used for this purpose. The ultrasound-assisted esterification and traditional magnetic stirrer-assisted esterification methods were similar to each other in terms of their effects on free fatty acid reduction. However, the ultrasound reaction time was significantly shorter than that of the traditional magnetic stirrer. In the second phase of this study, biodiesel production was carried out through the ultrasound-assisted transesterification of inedible olive oil. Independent variables were, namely, ultrasound power level (30, 90, and 150 W), methanol/oil mole ratio (3, 9, and 15), catalyst concentration (0.5, 1.0, and 1.5%), ultrasound time (15, 30, and 45 min), and reaction temperature (45, 55, and 65 °C), which affected the yield indices and physicochemical constants of the produced biodiesel. The purest biodiesel (98.95%) and the highest amount of yield (92.69%) were observed when using an ultrasound power level of 90 W, a methanol/oil mole ratio of 9, a catalyst concentration of 1.0%, an ultrasound time of 30 min, and a reaction temperature of 55 °C. Optimizing the reaction conditions of the ultrasound operation can effectively increase the biodiesel yield (92.69%), while reducing the energy consumption (4.775 kWh/kg) and shortening the reaction time (30 min), compared to the traditional magnetic stirrer (77.28%, 2.17 kWh/kg, and 120 min, respectively). Therefore, ultrasound-assisted transesterification can serve as an effective alternative because of its fast and economic operation for making biodiesel out of inedible olive oil.
Risk Prediction for Internet Financial Enterprises by Deep Learning Algorithm and Sustainable Development of Business Transformation
Authors: Zhao Yuting
Published: March 2022

It is necessary to find new ideas of business transformation of traditional financial enterprises under the background of Internet finance. Based on DL (deep learning) algorithm, the BPNN (Back Propagation neural network) model and Vector Autoregression model are used to analyze the business conflict of commercial banks among traditional financial enterprises under Internet finance. The business integration point of the two is found through the impulse response analysis of the impact of the Internet financial business on the traditional financial industry. Then, the DL algorithm based on BPNN is used to obtain the optimal solution of business integration, to promote the transformation of traditional financial services under the background of Internet finance. The results show that there is a close correlation between Internet finance and traditional financial business. The initial conflicts between the two are serious, but as time passes, they have a trend of mutual integration.
Percepção de gestores municipais diante da implementação da Política de Saúde Mental/ Perception of municipal managers in the face of the implementation of the Mental Health Policy
Authors: Harmuch Camila , Viganó Zanoti Jeronymo Daniela , Santos Pini Jéssica , Paiano Marcelle , Dalla Valle Garcia Georgia , Antunes Bezerra Nacamura Paula , Belino Piratelli Filho Mauro
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: apreender a percepção dos gestores de saúde sobre a implementação da Política de Saúde Mental nos municípios pertencentes a 5ª Regional de Saúde do Estado do Paraná. Métodos: estudo de abordagem qualitativa e caráter exploratório, realizado nos meses de fevereiro e março de 2015. Foram entrevistados 20 gestores de saúde da 5° Regional de Saúde, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. A análise dos dados foi desenvolvida segundo o método de análise de conteúdo de Bardin, modalidade temática. Resultados: emergiram duas categorias: “A percepção dos gestores sobre aSM nos municípios” e “Dificuldades para a implementação da PNSM”. Os gestores de saúde destacam a necessidade da melhor implementação da Política de Saúde Mental em seus municípios e a adequação da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial. As dificuldades enfrentadas são a falta de recursos financeiros, capacitação profissional e preconceitos. Considerações finais: é perceptível a falta de visibilidade entre os gestores em saúdesobre o papel dos serviços que compõem a Rede de Atenção àSaúde Mental, especialmente a atenção primária, pois é a principal responsável pelas ações de acolhimento e de promoção e prevenção aos transtornos mentais.
O significado do uso de telas entre adolescentes: causas e consequências/ The signification of the use of screens among adolescents: causes and consequences
Authors: Rozária Pereira Dirlene , Túlio Resende Clementino Marco , Aparecida Araújo da Silveira Edilene , Marcelo Moura Welker
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: compreender o significado do uso de telas atribuído pelos adolescentes. Métodos: o presente estudo foi descritivo exploratório, com abordagem qualitativa e referencial teórico-metodológico do interacionismo simbólico. Participaram adolescentes de uma escola pública mineira. Os dados foram coletados através de entrevistas e grupos focais realizados de forma online e analisados conforme a análise temática no período deagosto a dezembro de 2020. Resultados: participaram oito adolescentescom idades entre 14 e 17 anos, que cursavam o ensino médioe relataram que a tela mais usada foi o celular. Os significados atribuídos ao uso de telas estiveram relacionados à possibilidade de interação e praticidade por possibilitar a realização de várias atividades. Houve o reconhecimento que, diante do uso excessivo, é preciso ter momento distante da tela. Após a análise foram desveladas três categorias: 1. Tela é diversidade 2. Tela é interação, 3. É bom parar um pouco. Considerações finais: a pesquisa mostrou que distanciar-se das telas é difícil e que a presença de profissionais da saúde, particularmente relacionados à saúde do adolescente, pode ajudá-los a encontrar alternativas para usar as telas com redução das consequências negativas.
JOVENS EM VULNERABILIDADES PSICOSSOCIAIS: GRUPO COMO LUGAR DE ACOLHIMENTO E SUBJETIVAÇÃO POLÍTICA
Authors: Gomes Marcela Andrade , Maheirie Kátia , Corrêa Bruna
Published: March 2022

Este artigo visa relatar uma experiência de estágio realizado em um Serviço de Convivência e Fortalecimento de Vínculos (SCFV) junto a jovens de periferias da cidade de Florianópolis (SC), de modo a problematizar as possibilidades e desafios do uso do dispositivo grupal como instrumento de intervenção psicossocial. Este serviço, vinculado à Proteção Social Básica da Política Nacional de Assistência Social (PNAS), tem como objetivo prevenir as situações de riscos e vulnerabilidades, bem como fortalecer os laços familiares e comunitários. Por meio da intervenção grupal, buscamos, junto com estes(as) jovens, criar um espaço de elaboração psíquica e política sobre temas significativos para suas vidas e para a atual sociedade. Apostamos na ideia de que as oficinas propiciaram a construção de um espaço coletivo que servisse de acolhimento ao sofrimento ético-político destes(as) jovens, subsidiando um afago às dores da vida e, também, servindo de catalisador aos processos de subjetivação política frente às iniquidades sociais que atravessam, sistematicamente, o cotidiano destes(as) jovens. Neste trabalho, trazemos reflexões em torno das potencialidades que o dispositivo grupal pode desencadear na constituição do sujeito, compreendendo-o como uma profícua ferramenta de intervenção psicossocial de escuta, acolhimento, fortalecimento comunitário e protagonismo político.
Avaliação da Influência do Uso e Ocupação do Solo com a Geração de Escoamento Superficial em Duas Bacias Urbanas
Authors: Namba Jhonathan Yoshiaki , Bolonhez Bruna Forestieri , Lima Ed Pinheiro , Soares Paulo Fernando
Published: March 2022

À medida em que os problemas devido à urbanização se tornaram mais complexos, diversos estudos também surgiram para compreender como solucioná-los. Atualmente, compreende-se que uma urbanização de baixo impacto pode gerar uma situação mais favorável para a ocupação humana. Com esta situação e buscando corroborar com estudos envolvendo problemas de inundação e uso e ocupação do solo, este trabalho analisa as sub-bacias urbanas do Córrego Mandacaru e do Ribeirão Maringá. Estas sub-bacias apresentam ocupações distintas e, portanto, permitem uma análise comparativa. Por meio da modelagem hidrológica cenários de chuva futura foram modelados e com os resultados observou-se que a sub-bacia do Córrego Mandacaru pode apresentar, em eventos de alta frequência, uma vazão por área maior que 26 % ao ser comparada com a sub-bacia do Ribeirão Maringá. Além disso, constatou-se que a menor ocupação urbana pode gerar efeitos mais tênues no aumento das vazões dos rios e, por conseguinte, diminuir os riscos de inundação.
A Novel Framework for Road Data Surveying Based on Deep-learning and GIS
Authors: Wanniarachchi S. , Kalpana H. N. , Jayasinghe A. , Bandara S.
Published: March 2022

This paper proposes a novel framework for road data surveying and 3D urban visualisation based on deep-learning technologies, open data, and GIS techniques. Existing road inventory preparation methods are time-consuming, labour-intensive, inefficient, and lack an acceptable method for 3D urban visualisation in Sri Lanka. Thus, modern approaches are not applicable due to a lack of resources, technology, and financial capacity; the proposed framework will enable us to overcome these weaknesses. The study comprised of three main stages: a literature review, development of the framework, and its validation in Ranna area. The framework was applied to two consecutive model validation events: the first related to the road data surveying model and the second to the 3D urban visualisation model. Its proposed returned KAPPA Accuracy Scores were 92% and 90% respectively. The findings of this study further the use of cutting-edge deep learning and mapping techniques in transport and urban planning, making the preparation of road inventory surveys and 3D urban visualisations more cost-effective and efficient. Transport engineers, urban and regional planners, geographers, and GIS experts can employ the proposed framework for road data collection and 3D urban visualisation.
Differential Diagnosis of Chronic Pulmonary Diseases
Authors: Han Eung Soo
Published: March 2022

No abstract available
Mass Radiographic Survey on Employees o f Seoul Electric Company
Authors: Kim Suk Keun
Published: March 2022

The T. B. mass survey on 4, 073 employees of Seoul Electric Co. was conducted with 35 x 35mm film, from which suspected cases were rechecked with regular size film for further study. Through interpretation of films those x-rayed with regular size films are classified by USNT A Classification. To those groups suggestive of pulmonary: T. B. cases were given sputum test and E. S. R. cxamination to determine whether active or inactive. Having been given chemotherapy to them the following conclusions were obtained:1. 99 percent of the total number of employees had participated in the survey and this showed good result.2 5.59 percent pulmonary T. B. suggestive case was found through the survey. The highest group among the groups was 6. 8 percent in 40-45 age group, and the higher percentages were observed among those who have served more than 5 to 10 years and the streetcar employees & clerks were also higher than others.3. . Analysing 22-8 cases; which consist of 153 cases (67.2%) minimal, 68 cases(29.8 .%) moderately advanced, and 7 cases(3.0 %) far advanced, I found the largest part was occupied by minimal cases and the highest percentage was mixed infiltration type from the pathomorphological view.4. Thc localizations for the pulmonary T. B. lesion were mostly seen on both upper lung field and when the Iesion was unilateral the right upper field was more affected and the cavity Icsion was also found frequently on the right subclavicular region.5. E. S. R. and severity of pulmonary T. B. seem to have some relationship and variable results were obtained each in 1 hour and 2 hour period ovcr the cases of minimal and modadvanced.6. Through conducting total 72 cases by chemotherapy sputum conversion to negative a the end of 6 months were found 81. 3 percent in minimal, 72. 7 perccnt in moderately advanced, and 71.4 percent in far advanced cases.7. During 2 years of chemotherapy the observations were followed and the results are as follows: During the first 6 months of chemotherapy SM & PAS regimen gave the best result and one year later from chemotherapy no significant difference in various combined therapy were observed .
Esiti psicologici e implicazioni etiche e assistenziali nei trapiantati cardiaci
Authors: Puca Antonio
Published: March 2022

Delirio, psicosi, ansietà, depressione, labilità emozionale, disadattamento sociale, difficoltà di integrazione sessuale sono tra i fenomeni più frequentemente registrati nelle varie fasi del trapianto cardiaco. In questo contributo l'Autore, servendosi della letteratura in proposito, evidenzia i possibili fattori causali e le alterazioni psichiche dovute al trapianto e/o agli stadi del protocollo; descrive la reazione ai farmaci, il mutamento dell'immagine corporea e opera una revisione critica delle reazioni psicologiche e psichiatriche al trapianto e/o a fattori concomitanti. Dalla descrizione delle possibili modificazioni della personalità nei soggetti sottoposti a trapianto cardiaco, l'Autore offre infine alcune sollecitazioni dal punto di vista assistenziale ed etico.
Effectiveness of non-pyrimethamine-based regimens for toxoplasma encephalitis
Authors: Susanto David , Mawuntu Arthur H. P. , Warouw Finny , Wariki Windy M. V.
Published: March 2022

Objective:

To examine the differences in effectiveness and side effects between pyrimethamine-based and non-pyrimethamine-based regimens for toxoplasma encephalitis since the availability of pyrimethamine in Indonesia is currently limited due to its withdrawal from the market.

Methods:

A systematic review and meta-synthesis study that was carried out by following a protocol guided by the Preffered Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA). Effectiveness measures included clinical improvement, mortality, and radiological improvement. We evaluated selected articles narratively because of the limitations of homogeneity. The risk of bias in RCTs was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool for RCT (ROB 2.0) and cohort studies were assessed using the Risk of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions (ROBINS-1) tool. Research quality was assessed using the GradePro software.

Results:

We included two retrospective cohort studies and one RCT. Narrative outcome assessment in these three studies did not show significant difference in effectiveness between pyrimethamine-based and non-pyrimethamine-based regimens for toxoplasma encephalitis treatment. However, drug side effects were consistently higher in the pyrimethamine-based regimen.

Conclusions:

This study has a high risk of bias. The quality of the research also has a low recommendation value. However, the results may be considered for application if a standard regimen is not available.
Larvicidal activity of the pericarp extract of Garcinia mangostana against dengue vector Aedes aegypti in Sri Lanka
Authors: Gunathilaka Nayana , Wijebandara Yashoda , Amerasinghe Deepika , Udayanga Lahiru , Muhandiramlage Thusitha P.
Published: March 2022

Objective:

To assess the larvicidal activity of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) against larval stages of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.

Methods:

A crude extract was prepared in ethanol from powdered mangosteen pericarps. A concentration gradient (0.01-4.92 g/ L) was prepared from the stock solution. Seven batches of 25 third instar larvae of Aedes aegypti were used for larval bioassays. Larval mortality rates were observed after one and 24 hours. Cholesterol and total lipid contents in 20 randomly selected dead larvae at each trial were assessed by colorimetric method. The experimental setup was repeated five times. The General Linear Model and Probit analysis were used to evaluate the relationship of mortality with cholesterol level, total lipid level and cholesterol to total lipid ratio.

Results:

The percentage mortalities significantly varied with different concentrations (F732=385.737; P<0.001). The LC50 and LC99 values were (0.041 ± 0.006) g/L and (10.616 ± 1.758) g/L, respectively after 24-hours. There was no mortality recorded within the one-hour exposure time. Only the cholesterol content (F524=173.245; P<0.001) in larvae exposed to different concentrations denoted a significantly decreasing trend within 24hour exposure. Larvae that were exposed to the lowest concentration (0.55 g/L) showed a higher cholesterol level (22.67 ± 1.33) μg.

Conclusions:

The Garcinia mangostana extract acts as an effective sterol carrier protein inhibitor that inhibits cholesterol uptake in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Hence, it could be explored for use as a key source for the development of an environment-friendly plant-based larvicide.
Antimicrobial susceptibility and serotypes of Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae in Sri Lanka
Authors: Karunanayake Lilani , Balaji Veeraraghavan , Gunawardana K.D.N. , Varghese Rosemol , Ariram Vayishnavi , Dassanayake Malka , Francis Vaithehi Rajeevan , Yapa Lakmini , Herath Chamika , Chandrasiri Nambage Shirani , Wimalagunawardhana Priyanka , Namalie K. Dhananja , Hapuarachchi C.T.
Published: March 2022

Objective:

To determine the antimicrobial susceptibility and serotypes of Neisseria (N.) meningitidis and Streptococcus (S.) pneumoniae in Sri Lankan patients.

Methods:

We retrospectively analyzed 11 blood culture specimens from suspected patients with invasive meningococcal disease and 26 S. pneumoniae clinical isolates. We tested 6 antimicrobials against N. meningitidis and 12 antimicrobials against S. pneumoniae. Meningococcal serogroup was determined by realtime PCR and Quellung serotyping was used for pneumococcal analysis.

Results:

N. meningitidis serogroup B was the most common in this study. Intermediate-susceptibility to penicillin was seen in 75.0% (6/8) of strains. Susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and cotrimoxazole was 62.5% (5/8), 62.5% (5/8) and 87.5% (7/8), respectively. Excellent susceptibility was seen in cefotaxime and meropenem. In S. pneumoniae, the most common serotype was 19F in both invasive and non-invasive pneumococcal diseases. The majority of strains showed multidrug resistance. Penicillin non-susceptibility in non-meningeal strains were 13.6% and all meningeal strains were penicillin resistant. Erythromycin was highly resistant in both groups. Amoxicillin showed excellent susceptibility in non-invasive pneumococcal diseases strains. Linezolid, levofloxacin and vancomycin showed 100.0% susceptibility in all pneumococcal isolates.

Conclusions:

Implementation of vaccines should be considered, especially for children and high-risk populations. This may contribute to reducing pneumococcal and meningococcal invasive disease burden and help prevent emergence of antimicrobial resistant strains.
Effect of a 12-week Community-based Intervention to Improve Social Capital, Quality of Life, Self-care, and Health Literacy among Older People
Authors: Taherian Ziba , Motamedi Narges
Published: March 2022

Introduction:

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of a community-based intervention on social capital, quality of life, self-care, and health literacy among elderly.

Materials and Methods:

This quasi-experimental trial was conducted at two health-care centers in Isfahan, Iran, which assigned to the intervention and control groups. A total of 86 elderly (60 years or above) enrolled in the study. The intervention program consisted of 12 weekly group sessions with various health topics. Nine sessions held in the health-care center and three local tours in different locations of the neighborhood. The control group received routine care of health centers. Social capital, quality of life, self-care, and health literacy were assessed at baseline and 1 month after the intervention in two groups.

Results:

Mental component of quality of life (P = 0.026), self-care, and health literacy (P < 0.001) showed a significant increase in the intervention group compared to the control group at 1 month after the intervention. The total score of social capital and the dimensions of local community participation, social agency, feelings of security and trust, interactions with neighbors, and interactions with family and friends improved in the intervention group (P < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the dimensions of tolerance of diversity (P = 0.241) and value of life (P = 0.928).

Conclusions:

This community-based interventions with a variety of diverse and participatory components can be used as a strategy to promote the health of the elderly in primary health care.
The Acute Effects of Different doses of Tramadol on Neuronal Activity of Medial Prefrontal Cortex in Rats
Authors: Hasanpour Razmanjani Neda , Reisi Parham
Published: March 2022

Background:

Tramadol is an opioid analgesic with monoamine reuptake inhibitory effects. Although tramadol has been widely used to control pain, there is controversy about the risk of abuse. Therefore, in the present study, the acute effects of tramadol on neuronal activity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), which is one of the important centers of the reward system, were investigated electrophysiologically.

Materials and Methods:

Tramadol was injected interperitoneally (12.5 and 25 mk/kg) or subcutaneously (40 mg/kg) and its effect on the firing of mPFC neurons was investigated, using in vivo extracellular single unit recording.

Results:

Tramadol could not significantly affect neural activity in mPFC, suggesting no acute and rapid effect on mPFC.

Conclusions:

The present results showed that neural activity in mPFC was not rapidly affected by acute application of tramadol. Since the role of mPFC in tramadol addiction has been elucidated, it can be concluded that these effects may be due to delayed responses or chronic use of tramadol.
Apnoeic Oxygenation during Simulated Difficult Intubation in Obese Patients
Authors: Mohanty Rakesh , George Leah Raju , George Sajan Philip , Babu Malavika
Published: March 2022

Background:

Apnoeic oxygenation is an established method of increasing safe apnoea times during intubation and this is of more importance in obese patients. The usefulness of buccal Ring, Adair and Elwyn (RAE) oxygenation has been established in previous studies, however a head-to-head comparison with nasal cannula (NC) is lacking.

Aim:

The aim of this study was to compare apnoea time with buccal RAE (BR) versus NC in obese patients.

Setting and Design:

This was a prospective, nonblinded randomized controlled trial conducted in a tertiary hospital where fifty American Society of Anaesthesiologists Physical Status Class I and II, obese patients with body mass index ≥30, posted for elective surgery were included.

Materials and Methods:

Following adequate preoxygenation and standard induction of anaesthesia, a prolonged simulated difficult laryngoscopy was performed during which oxygen was provided via either BR or NC. The primary outcome was time to desaturation to <95% or 10 min, which ever occurred first. Other outcomes recorded were lowest saturation, time to resaturation and highest end tidal carbon di oxide.

Statistical Analysis:

Mean with standard deviation (SD) or median with inter quartile range were used for continuous variables and absolute number with percentage were used for categorical variables. The primary outcome was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival curves, and log-rank tests were applied.

Results:

Patient characteristics were similar in both arms. The mean apnoea time in seconds (SD) in the BR group, 375.3 (116.6) was higher than the NC group 316.1 (94.1), P = 0.054. From the Kapan Meier curves the probability of desaturating to <95% was earlier in the NC group than the BR group (P = 0.092). The other outcomes were similar in both groups.

Conclusion:

This is the first study that demonstrates that oxygenation via a BR is better than NC in providing apnoeic oxygenation in obese patients and can safely be used when NC are contraindicated.