bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social Networks and Social Capital: Rethinking Theory in Community Informatics
Authors: Williams Kate , Durrance Joan C.
Published: December 2020

One important theoretical focus in community informatics is based on the convergence of two established bodies of theory, social networks and social capital. First we summarize them both. Then we define community informatics and explore its origins. Finally, we review a group of community informatics studies which frame their analyses in either social capital or social network theory. How the frames are constructed focuses each study on either technological change or historical continuity. Taken together, the studies suggest that in fact both of these are necessary for local communities both to initiate and to sustain the use of information technologies.
Networking for Communications Challenged Communities: Report from a European project targeting conditions of poor or lacking ICT coverage
Authors: Uden Maria Kristina
Published: December 2020

The N4C project was funded by the European Union Seventh framework programme’s Future Internet Research and Experimentation unit and closed in May 2011. Its focus was communications for highly challenging scenarios, with sparse populations in remote and topographically complex areas. In this note the organization and work plan are summarized, together with some observations at detailed level. Combining front line technical research and development with socio-economic goals is a matter of several dimensions. The results confirmed the hypotheses that co-operating with actors in rural areas, targeting specifically challenging use situations can function as a driver for high-tech development.
Research informing practice: Toward effective engagement in community ICT in New Zealand
Authors: Craig Barbara , Williams Jocelyn E.
Published: December 2020

New Zealand’s Computers in Homes has been researched since its inception in 2000, through both participatory action research and multiple mixed methods case studies, by the authors of this paper who are now collaborating to find the most meaningful way to assess social outcomes in the scheme as it evolves.  Computers in Homes (CIH) not only continues to be informed by the research but it is also beginning to make use of social media for community participant engagement.  This paper traces the inter-relationship between the ongoing research and evolution of practice, reflecting on a shift in epistemology and thus research design.  Our work now extends to explore the relationship between community blogging, adopted by CIH as a way of engaging the community in making sense of their own experience and thus owning their own research, and the role of social relationships in facilitating a sense of belonging.  Our paper examines how the use of social media in this way may challenge the more traditional ideas and power relations inherent in the researcher-participant relationship in community ICT research.
Revisited: Communication Media Use in the Grandparent/Grandchild Relationship
Authors: Bunz Ulla
Published: December 2020

This study extends and replicates some of Harwood’s (2000) earlier research investigating media use in interactions between grandparents and grandchildren. More specifically, this research extends Harwood’s work by adding the technologies of the cell phone, email, and instant messenger to the media he investigated (face-to-face, written documents, and telephone). Such a study allows finding out whether the availability of new technologies has any effect on the grandparent/grandchild relationship. Sixty-six dyads (N = 132) of grandchildren and grandparents participated in the study, completing a questionnaire on basic demographics, media use, and relational quality. Results show usage divides between grandchildren and grandparents, as well as within the grandparent group. The cell phone and face-to-face interaction are used most frequently in the grandparent/grandchild relationship. Technologies such as email or instant messenger are not used much even across the geographic distance they were designed to overcome. Follow up tests to a significant ANOVA did not show significant results for medium type chosen based on who initiates contact. Face-to-face remains the strongest predictor of quality inter-generational relationships, followed by use of the cell phone, the landline phone, and email (in that order). Findings are discussed in light of both media richness theory and the social influence model.
Sustaining Online Communities Involving Seniors
Authors: Burmeister Oliver Kisalay , Foskey Ros , Hazzlewood June , Lewis Ray
Published: December 2020

Many online communities involving seniors have come into existence, yet not all of these have survived. There are numerous reasons for success and failure in the creation, management and maintenance of these online communities. Through an exploration of two communities, NEAT and GreyPath, numerous factors are uncovered for the successful sustenance of such online communities. Both communities have reached maturity successfully, one continues to enjoy success, the other is on the precipice of continuing to survive or to cease to exist. Two critical success factors discovered were valuing members in peer based interaction through a flat structure, and hybridity.
Roadblocks and Resolutions in the Technological Journey
Authors: Linton Norma J
Published: December 2020

A twelve-year ethnographic study of the use of computers by older adults (70+) in a U.S. retirement community spans the years of 1996 to 2008. The challenges of learning about new information and communication technologies are chronicled through the personal stories of members of a self-started computer club. Described here are the social networks that resulted from computing as well as the emotional and physical costs of keeping up with cultural innovations throughout the life cycle. Also considered are the merits of a prolonged relationship with research participants.Двенадцатилетнее этнографическое изучение использования компьютеров пожилыми людьми (70+ лет) пенсионного сообщества США охватывает период с 1996 по 2008 гг. Испытания изучением новых информационных и коммуникационных технологий отмечаются через личные истории членов компьютерного клуба, созданного по собственной инициативе. Здесь описываются социальные сети, происходящие от использования компьютеров, а также эмоциональные и физические затраты, связанные с постоянно меняющимися культурными инновациями на протяжении всего жизненного цикла. Рассмотрены также достоинства длительных отношений с участниками исследования.  Une étude ethnographique de douze ans de l'utilisation des ordinateurs par les personnes âgées (70+ ans) dans une communauté de retraite des États-Unis a été faite sur la période de 1996 à 2008. Les épreuves liées à l'apprentissage de nouvelles informations et des technologies de la communication sont enregistrées à travers les histoires personnelles des membres d'un club informatique auto-initié. Sont décrits ici les réseaux sociaux qui ont résulté de l’utilisation des ordinateurs ainsi que les coûts émotionnels et physiques liés à la maintenance d’un savoir des innovations culturelles tout au long du cycle de vie. Les mérites d'une relation prolongée avec les participants de la recherche sont également considérés.
Ageing, Vision Impairment and Digital Inclusion in Ireland
Authors: Gallagher Blaithin Anna Mary , Murphy Emma , Fennell Antoinette
Published: December 2020

Our population is ageing. Vision impairment is highly correlated with ageing and the population of older people with vision impairment is increasing. ICT competence is essential to fully partake in society. Older people, in particular those with vision impairment, are at a high risk of being excluded from the digital revolution and must be ecnourage to use ICT's. This paper outlines four projects in which NCBI has been involved in relation to older adults and digital inclusion. Improving access to ICT for older people with vision impairment will enhance their participation in social, cultural and economic life and bridge the digital divide.
Seniors Skyping: A Professional, Academic, and Community Collaboration
Authors: Kok Adrian , Williams Kate , Yan Hui
Published: December 2020

The brief research report discusses a SKYPE project involving seniors in America and China.
Empowering Chronically Ill Patients and Caregivers using Remote Monitoring Technology
Authors: Rich Jeremy , Howe Janelle , Larson Lori , Chuang Chan
Published: December 2020

N/A
The Getting Illinois Low Income Seniors and People with Disabilities Online Demonstration BTOP SBA project: A Case Study
Authors: Samuelson Don , Ciesla Jim
Published: December 2020

xthe goal of the Internet training program was to get approximately 3,000 low income seniors and people with disabilities who live in 23 public housing facilities, subsidized housing buildings in the Northern portion of Illinois engaged in regular and sustained computer and Internet use. This goal is to be achieved by installing computer centers in the 23 housing communities, installing permanent Internet connectivity, implementing a unique program of customized computer training developed by the grant applicant, and giving people who successfully complete the training program free computers.
Unintended Behavioural Consequences of Publishing Performance Data: Is More Always Better?
Authors: McGinnes Simon , Elandy Kasturi Muthu
Published: December 2020

This paper explores the proposition that IT-driven provision of open data may have unanticipated consequences. Transparency is normally considered desirable: knowledge is “power”, the “oxygen of democracy” and so on. Accordingly there has been a trend towards greater freedom of information, with citizens given access to an increasing diversity of datasets. For many years, governments have produced one particular type of data specifically for public consumption: performance data, such as hospital waiting list statistics, figures on crime, and school performance league tables. Having more information is usually considered beneficial, particularly when there is little available. But when the information supply becomes plentiful, it is not clear that benefits continue to accrue in a simple way. Some apparently negative repercussions are being observed from the publication of performance data. For example, in education the use of league tables seems unable to correct performance problems in some schools, and may even depress performance. Similar effects are observed in other spheres. Data reporting a decreasing threat of crime may be linked with a widespread sense of heightened danger. In the private sector, publication of CEO salaries seems to have fuelled rampant salary inflation. These effects are to do with the cumulative impact of individual behaviours when people respond en masse to information. Individuals react according to their environment, which includes data, creating a complex system with potentially unpredictable and non-intuitive behaviour. We may hope that increased access to data will create net benefits, but evidence suggests that we cannot assume this will always be true. This paper reviews the results of research into this phenomenon from theoretical and empirical perspectives. Results indicate that the publication of performance data can affect the behaviour of service providers, the media, and service consumers, and that the effects are heavily situation-dependent and by no means universally benign. An agenda for further research is outlined, which may help to guide the formulation of policies regarding the publication of government performance data in particular and open data provision in general.
Beyond Community Networks: From Local to Global, from Participation to Deliberation
Authors: De Cindio Fiorella , Schuler Douglas
Published: December 2020

Both authors have been engaged in the community networking movement and its evolution for many years in an ongoing effort to help create online systems that meet human needs. Community networks are intended to help address shared "public affairs" in geographical areas. Although this goal is important and laudable, community networking communities are often unable to have their voice heard in these matters. To help address this question — and the broader problem of inadequate and marginalized citizen engagement society-wide — we have launched several research / action projects related to community networks and online deliberation. To inform that process we focus on three prominent protest communities in Italy. We find that they must move beyond the community network model and perspective in two profound ways. Firstly, the communities must necessarily work with and integrate local and non-local perspectives. Secondly, the need exists for more purposive modes of communication that we believe can be supported through informed development and use of technology. We take this approach as an useful step in an ongoing process, building on our experiences with community networks as conceptualized in the mid 1990's to help develop and define our requirements for useful online capabilities as they link local and non-local communities in a sustained way that manifests civic intelligence.
Playing With The Glocal Through Participatory e-Planning
Authors: Wallin Sirkku , Horelli Liisa
Published: December 2020

The application of ICTs has turned everyday life increasingly glocal with both positive and negative consequences. However, the local and the global are not polarities but interdependent categories representing multilayered space, which may be shaped, to a certain degree, through participatory e-planning. With participatory e-planning we mean the socio-cultural, ethical and political practice which takes place offline and online in the overlapping phases of the planning and decision–making cycle, by using digital and non-digital tools. But how does participatory e-planning that mainly serves the community, also help stakeholders to play with the glocal? The aim of the article is to present a set of examples from the Finnish context and to discuss, how community informatics may provide opportunities for stakeholders to deal with the glocal in the area of environmental improvement. On the basis of our comparative analyses and a case study in Finland, we claim that participatory e-planning enhances playing with the glocal, if certain technical, organizational and institutional capacities and a supportive infrastructure exist.
Ambiguity and Uncertainty in the “Last Mile”: Using Sense-making to Explore How Rural Broadband Networks Are Created
Authors: Adria Marco , Brown Dan
Published: December 2020

Broadband technology has captured the attention of many stakeholders, nations, and governments throughout the world as a “nation building” infrastructure enabling the future economic prosperity and improved living standards for many communities. Broadband networks are an important means by which rural communities around the world can gain access to global networks of knowledge and communication. They are also a means by which nation-states and regions seek to increase their economic and cultural sovereignty. Rural broadband can therefore be seen as a critical nexus between global and local flows of both capital and ideas.In 2005, the provincial government of Alberta in Canada completed a significant investment into the construction of a unique high-speed, high-capacity fiber-optic network connecting rural communities throughout the province. The network was the first of its kind in the world in terms of the advantages it represented for rural individuals to benefit from easy access to broadband. Paradoxically, as of 2008 Alberta was ranked last among Canadian provinces for rural broadband access. This article examines how ambiguity and uncertainty faced by industry decision-makers and broadband stakeholders contribute to the adoption of broadband by rural communities. Interviews were conducted with industry decision-makers. Through the application of Weick’s sensemaking framework, several areas of ambiguity and uncertainty are identified related to rural broadband adoption. A primary finding is that self-fulfilling prophecies about the broadband network's construction and use developed through collective sensemaking processes, resulting in an immobilizing effect on the development of rural broadband's "effective use" by communities.
The Potential And Limits Of Mobile Phone Usage For Development In Africa: Innovation And Top-Down-Meets-Bottom-Up Partnering
Authors: Hosman Laura , Fife Elizabeth
Published: December 2020

The African continent currently boasts the highest mobile telephony growth rates in the world, bringing new communications possibilities to millions of people. The potential for mobile phones to reach a large and growing base of users across the continent, and be used for development-related purposes, is becoming widely recognized, evidenced by the growing number of development-oriented projects, applications, and programs that specifically make use of mobiles. Pent up demand and limited resources have led to innovative usage and services being developed at the grassroots level. Yet much remains to be done by governments in order to support further growth of telecommunications markets and services, while the private sector, non-profits, and academics all have an important role to play in the development process as well. The phenomenon of top-down-meeting-bottom up partnerships that are springing up across the continent offers the potential for cultivating the necessary feedback loops between various actors involved in the development process, in order to create relevant applications that meet real needs.
Book Review - Development Communication: Reframing the Role of Media
Authors: Halder Wilson
Published: December 2020

Development Communication: Reframing the Role of Media is a book that offers an overview of the history of development communication while exploring the main actors of the field and world culture.The author, Thomas McPhail, has written a book with a strong theoretical focus on development communication studies ranging from modernization theories to the movements of liberation theology to participatory communication, cultural imperialism and education-entertainment. Readers will find this book useful for understanding past, present and possible future directions of the development communication field.
Power, Communities, and Community Informatics: a meta-study
Authors: Arnold Michael V , Stillman Larry
Published: December 2020

In this paper we tackle the theme of power in the context of communities and Community Informatics through addressing five questions.What is power? What is empowerment?In what ways is it exercised?How does all of this pertain to communities?How does all of this pertain to Community Informatics?The first three questions are addressed through reference to well known propositions drawn from social theory, and having established this background, the last two questions are foregrounded through a content analysis meta-study of the abstracts of papers submitted to the 2009 Prato Community Informatics Conference. The overarching theme of this conference was power and empowerment in community informatics ruixkkcdc In this paper we tackle the theme of power in the context of communities and Community Informatics through addressing five questions.   What is power?What is empowerment?In what ways is it exercised?How does all of this pertain to communities?How does all of this pertain to Community Informatics?   The first three questions are addressed through reference to well known propositions drawn from social theory, and having established this background, the last two questions are foregrounded through a content analysis meta-study of the abstracts of papers submitted to the 2009 Prato Community Informatics Conference. The overarching theme of this conference was power and empowerment in community informatics.
Community Technology Project in Malaysia: Kedai.Kom
Authors: Ibrahim Zulkefli , Ainin Sulaiman
Published: December 2020

The main aim of this study is to examine the implementation of a community technology project in Malaysia – Kedai.Kom.  A survey using questionnaires was conducted among users of Kedai.Kom.  The findings suggest that the implementation of Kedai.Kom in the Malaysian community is good and beneficial.  Kedai.Kom is the main public place for the community to use computers and access the Internet.  It was reported that Kedai.Kom is used to improve users’ ICT skills and knowledge as well as extending and upholding their social networks, thereby influencing their ability to achieve digital inclusion.  It was also indicated that most Kedai.Kom users are satisfied with the facilities and services provided.
Perception of Farmers and Extension and Research Personnel Regarding Use and Effectiveness of Sources of Agricultural Information in Sindh Province of Pakistan
Authors: Mirani Zaheeruddin , Mirani Zaheeruddin
Published: December 2020

The study sought to describe the use and effectiveness of various sources of information as employed by agriculture extension in Sindh to disseminate the agricultural technology. Farmers perceived that neighboring farmers, and agricultural suppliers were very much effective sources of agricultural information and they used these sources always for obtaining information about latest agricultural products. In addition, farmers perceived that training/seminar, farmer field schools, and demonstration, radio, and face to face were effective approaches of technology transfer. Extension and research personnel perceived that they used radio “almost always” basis. In addition, they perceived that the radio, television and agricultural suppliers are “much effective” sources of information. Both extension and research personnel on average perceived mass media (publications, radio, TV and Audio-visual aids), farmer field school, demonstration and face to face as “effective” approach to technology transfer.
Telecenter Web Portals in Latin American and Arab Nations: A Comparative Analysis
Authors: Prado Paola , Janbek Dana M.
Published: December 2020

As societies become increasingly inter-connected, communities that do not bridge the digital divide find themselves at a disadvantage in the global market economy. Numerous telecenter initiatives in developing nations aim to foster prosperity through the adoption of information communication technologies (ICTs). This study documents how rural communities at varying levels of development in ten developing nations in Latin America and the Arab World create virtual community and reflect their identity through this new medium. Based on the premise that active participation improves the learning process, as suggested by constructionism theory, this study examined telecenter portals for evidence of user participation in digital literacy initiatives. Findings indicate that most telecenter portals offer few interactive applications, therefore limiting the opportunities for users to practice digital literacy skills and create virtual community.
Editorial: Community Informatics for Improving Health
Authors: Gurstein Michael
Published: December 2020

Maintaining and improving the health of its members is one of the most important functions that a community must fulfill. As well, we know that the cost of health care is in many parts of the world becoming a huge and even unsupportable burden because of the directions in which health care has been evolving. Finally, we know that there is a strong and positive relationship between health and one's involvement in social relationships, including those of family, friends and community. Thus exploring how Information and Communications Technologies might enable health and health services by, through and within communities would seem to be a natural focus for Community Informatics.
Capturing Qualitative Spatial Data to Understand Social Epidemiology in Public Health
Authors: Buckingham William R
Published: December 2020

Public Health decision makers face challenges in understanding the qualitative lived experiences of populations, as well as capturing and understanding the geographic nature of public health. This paper describes a community information framework that captures both qualitative and geographic information about health and place from the population. The adoption of a ICT using principles of both participatory mapping and new spatial media opens new avenues for understanding public health – through community contributed data acquisition. This paper will describe the development and results of the ICT as well as potential to increase social equity with public health in Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Concussion Information on the Move: The Role of Mobile Technology in Concussion Management
Authors: Ahmed Osman Hassan , Pulman Andy J
Published: December 2020

The emergence of the Internet has led to innovations in healthcare delivery, health-related information searches, and communal interaction with others with the same health condition. Simultaneously, the continued evolution of Smartphone technology has meant that mobile devices now match (and in some cases better) computer functionality. Mobile technology has a growing significance in disseminating best-practice information for concussion, and the potential benefits and risks of using concussion-related Apps need to be evaluated. This paper includes an overview of currently available concussion-related Apps and evaluates the potential and future role of mobile technology in concussion management.
With a little help from my friends: experiences of building a virtual community for children with cancer
Authors: Hicks Paula , Grimson Jane B. , Smith Owen P.
Published: December 2020

Approximately 31% of children under 18 years of age have a chronic physical illness or condition. Challenges that impact a child’s ability to cope socially, emotionally, and or physically are often referred to as ‘psychosocial’ challenges and include isolation, change in family dynamics, and loss of social interaction with peers.  Virtual communitiesprovide an efficient and effective means of supporting children who are vulnerable to psychosocial difficulties associated with chronic illnesses.  This paper presents the experiences of developing one such communityentitled Solas for children with cancer.  Solas aims to counteract the social isolation experienced by these children through the use of innovative technology giving them a sense of community and of belonging.(www.tcd.ie/solas)
Impact of Internet on delivery of critical cardiac health care: A case study from India
Authors: Banerjee Sudeepa , Basu Tapati
Published: December 2020

A case study has been conducted in India to estimate the impact of Internet on delivery of critical health care. Time series data on discharge and death from intensive cardiac care units have been collected from three individual centers that are under the Internet based telemedicine project of a private public partnership. Logistic Regression analysis has been performed to estimate the response parameters and test of hypotheses. The results confirm the effectiveness of using Internet in providing critical cardiac care to patients. The findings can be utilized to increase the number of local telemedicine centers in remote and underdeveloped areas.
A review on mHealth research in developing countries
Authors: Chigona Wallace , Nyemba Mphatso , Metfula Andile
Published: December 2020

Governments and development agencies are advocating mobile technology as a potential tool for developing and improving livelihoods, especially in developing countries where traditional technologies have failed to gain ground for wide ranging reasons. It is, therefore, understandable that the use of mobile technology in health care (mHealth) is growing in developing countries. Healthcare is one of the challenges facing developing countries, with the majority of the countries still lagging behind in most of the health related Millennium Development Goals (MDG) (Goals 4, 5 and 6). Due to the nascence of the domain, research in the domain is still in its infancy and, as such, there is little evidence to support the claims about the impact of the technology. The aim of this paper is to analyse the progress of mHealth as well as the progress of the research in the domain in developing countries. Data for the study are mHealth papers presented at the Third Mobile for Development (M4D) Conference which took place in India between 28th and 29th February 2012. The review notes the following about research in mHealth in developing countries: (i) Most interventions are patient-facing; this provides opportunities for using mHealth to empower the public; (ii) The interventions use a growing range of technological solutions; (iii) Most research still focuses on pilot projects as opposed to scaled-up projects and (iv) Research in the domain still lacks rigour.
Perceived Benefits Of Remote Data Capturing In Community Home-Based Care: The Caregivers’ Perspective
Authors: Shozi Nobubele Angel , Pottas Dalenca , Mostert-Phipps Nicky
Published: December 2020

Community home-based care (CHBC) is encouraged in developing countries due to the increasing burden on their health care systems. Paper-based recordkeeping practices are the norm in these resource-poor settings. This paper aims to understand the CHBC environment, the daily work activities of caregivers and problems they face with paper-based systems. The paper provides a rich descriptive view of the daily lives of caregivers who volunteer at a CHBC service point in South Africa. Based on this understanding, the paper explores the caregivers' notions of the perceived benefits (and disadvantages) of using mobile phones for data collection at the point of care.
Health Impact Assessment of a UK Digital Health Service
Authors: Wright Sue Heather , Ghani Irfan , Kemm John , Parry Jayne
Published: December 2020

A new online digital health service (DHS) was developed for the West Midlands, UK, and provides information on health, health care services and on professional development opportunities. This study is a Health Impact Assessment (HIA) of the DHS to assess potential impacts on health and health inequalities and make recommendations to decision makers to enhance positive health impacts, reduce negative impacts and consider mitigation. There was no evidence from the HIA to indicate that the DHS in its current form would have any potential impact on the health and wellbeing of people in the West Midlands and on health inequalities.
W(h)ither Community: Locating participatory approaches to ICT-enabled health and development
Authors: Pringle Ian
Published: December 2020

Around the world, community-based approaches to promote better health and development using information and communication technologies, particularly those concerned with facilitating health and development literacy and social and behaviour change, face significant challenges. Access to resources, e.g. skills and funds, is but one of those obstacles; deeper, more fundamental challenges also persist.The article identifies three key reasons why particpatory community-based appraoches have yet to make into the mainstream of health and development planning, citing examples from Malawi and the Solomon Islands.
Digital Habitats – stewarding technology for communities
Authors: Saad Sulonen Joanna
Published: December 2020

Version:1.0 StartHTML:0000000167 EndHTML:0000001617 StartFragment:0000000457 EndFragment:0000001601 Digital Habitats: stewarding technology for communities by Wenger, White and Smith, has been out for two years and it has had numerous positive reviews. The book is well written, indeed, and it is extremely clear and enjoyable to read. The book focuses on the area where the interplay between technology and communities intersects, which the authors identify as “digital habitats”. In practical terms, a digital habitat is “the portion of a community that is enabled by a configuration of technologies” (p38). A digital habitat, like its biological counterpart, is a dynamic entity, which needs to adapt to environmental changes. It is thus important to determine its technological landscape and the space for maneuvering in it. The authors introduce the concept of “technology stewardship” to refer to the emerging practice of helping a community “choose, configure, and use technologies to best suit its needs” (p 24). These activities are carried out by certain members of the community, the “technology stewards”, who take a leadership role.
Are the Users Driving, and How Open is Open? Experiences from Living Lab and User Driven Innovation projects
Authors: Kommonen Kari-Hans , Botero Andrea
Published: December 2020

This article reflects on the experiences of three projects in Helsinki, Finland, that we have participated in and that have aimed to develop organic connections between technology development and local communities of people. Based on this experience, we describe some issues that highlight how the goals of Open User Driven Innovation are not easily realized in the Living Lab projects. Our experience suggests that instead of the current producer and business focused model, a people and practices focused direction for R&D activities should be developed and adopted in order to realize the high ideals that Living Labs are founded on.
RLabs: A South African Perspective on a Community-driven Approach to Community Information
Authors: Parker Marlon , Wills Julia , Wills Gary Brian
Published: December 2020

Stakeholders in a community project commonly include academics, businesses, and people from within the community.  Community empowerment is a central motivation for community informatics; however it is debatable how the community is empowered and benefits from many community research projects.  This paper presents a community-driven case study, Reconstructed Living Lab, identifying factors that aid or hinder community-driven technological innovations.  The RLabs case study identifies the community as the main stakeholder and identifies the factors that aid or hinder community empowerment.  The conclusion is that Living Labs is an appropriate and effective vehicle for community empowerment.
Community-Driven Projects: Reflections on a Success Story A Case Study of Science Education and Information Technology in South Africa
Authors: Gurstein Michael
Published: December 2020

Review of J. Phahlamohlaka (ed.), Community-Driven Projects: Reflections on a Success Story: A Case Study of Science Education and Information Technology in South Africa, Van Schaik Publishers, 2008, Pretoria.
Fiery rituals among the Alanian population of the Saltov culture of the Seversky Donets Basin (based on materials from catacomb cemeteries)
Authors: Aksionov Victor
Published: December 2020

One of the typical features of the funeral rite of the Alanian population of the Saltov culture is the sprinkling of the burial chamber floor with a layer of charcoal. Paired (male + female) burials on coal bedding S. A. Pletneva considered as burials of couples in which coal was a symbol of “posthumous marriage”. The presence of coal bedding in solitary burials in the catacombs Nos. 6, 9, 11, 13, 17 of Rubizhan and the catacombs Nos. 1, 10 of the Staro-Saltov burial grounds allows us to offer a different interpretation of this feature of the Alanian funeral rite. At these cemeteries, the dominant type of burial structure was the catacombs with a longitudinal chamber in relation to the dromos, which were used by the Sarmatian-Alans often for one-time rather than family burials. Thus, taking into account ethnographic materials on Ossetians, it can be suggested that the initial sprinkling of charcoal on the floor of the burial chamber was associated with the rite of endowing the dead person with a “part of the family fire”, which was to ensure the unity of the dead people with their living relatives. In this context, the sprinkling of charcoal from the family hearth on the floor of the burial chamber should be considered as a desire to provide the deceased with the necessary heat and light, and thus turn the grave into a full-fledged otherworldly home, which, if necessary, could accept new deceased relatives. This assumption is confirmed by paired and collective burials at the Upper-Saltov burial ground, in which coal bedding was made only under one of the people buried in the chamber. At the same time, bodies of people were laid on the coal bedding, regardless of their gender (male, female) and age (children, adults). The use of charcoal to dry the chamber floor in adverse weather conditions before placing the bodies of a deceased person cannot be excluded.
Ceramic Glazed Painted Eggs Production Technology Based on Kyiv Archaeological Materials
Authors: Sushko Alina
Published: December 2020

Glazed painted eggs were one of the most vivid manifestations of Ancient Rus’ ceramic art. Nevertheless, today there are still unsolved problems in study of this category of archaeological material. It concerns technological aspects. These articles were made of ordinary pottery loam in a band way. They were formed hollow and contained a small ceramic ball in the inner part. After the molding they were fired, then covered with transparent glaze, which served as a background. In most cases green and fulvous glaze was used. Then, by using a special tubular instrument the painting was made with glaze of another colour, usually yellow and green, and the item was heated up again in the kiln in order to smooth the surface. Paintings were not multifarious. There were three main types of designs: ordinary stripes, which surrounded the item several times; unsystematic stripes that were put lengthwise and athwart; and also braces, which were the most common ornament. The question of the Ancient Rus’ glaze, which covered the glazed painted eggs, was raised in the 1960-ies by T. Makarova. However, today, on the basis of our collection and in the context of significant changes in the field of science, we have succeeded in clarifying and extending the known facts. The Nanomedtech Electron Microscopy Laboratory with the help of a Tescan Mira 3 LMU scanning microscope and the Gatan Pecs 682 precision etching and coating system was kindly performed with spectral analysis. Spectral analysis confirmed that Ancient Rus’ glaze had a lead-silica composition with a high content of tin. Brown colour was obtained by iron oxide, yellow by lead, green by copper. A general glaze formula was developed, which should consist essentially of Pb and Si oxide. On the example of two samples that have the same yellow colour, the difference in the quantitative composition of the components and their percentage can be seen that, by-turn, confirms the view of the relative dimensions of component measurement. The analysis of a small amount of material allowed describing the technology of painted eggs manufacturing.
Special aspects of the development of black currant bushes depending on weediness level in the Ukrainian polissia
Authors: Bakalova A.V. , Hrytsiuk N.V. , Tkalenko N.M.
Published: December 2020

We studied the weeds species composition in the black currantplantations of Ukrainian Polissia. The species composition of weeds has been analyzedand is was typical for thisarea. Twelve weed species were found during the study; they included annual (89.8%) and perennial ones (10.2%). A number of species were prevalent among the perennial weeds, namely common dandelion (Taraxacum officinaleWigg.) –2.5 pcs/m2, field milk thistle (Sonchus arvensisL.) –2.8 pcs/m2, couch grass (Elytrigia repensL.) –8.8 pcs/m2, and field sorrel (Rumex acetostellaL.) –3.2 pcs/m2. The most common annual species of weeds were lamb’s quarters (Chenopodium albumL.) –44.2 pcs/m2, shepherd’s purse (Capsella bursa-pastorisL.) –36.3 pcs/m2, smooth meadow grass (Poa annuaL.) –25.1 pcs/m2, and Amaranthus retroflexus(Amaranthus retroflexusL.) –19.6 pcs/m2. Throughout the study period, the least common weeds in black currant plantations were chickweed (Stellaria mediaL.) –14.8 pcs/m2, annual nettle (Urtica urensL.) –1.6 pcs/m2, quickweed (Galinsoga parvifloraCav.) –9.1 pcs/m2, and field pansy (Viola arvensisMurr.)–2.6 pcs/m2. We registered that with theweediness of 8-9 points the area of black currant leaves from a bush decreases by 1.9 m2, while the chlorophyll content in the leaves reduced by 20.8mg/100g. On the contrary, the dry matter content inleaves increasedfrom 29 to 61%. Significant negative effect of weeds on the activity of black currant and leads to a decrease in plant tolerance againstthe sucking pests and diseases. Thus, under high and very high weediness (8-9 points),the development of anthracnose (Gioesporium ribisMont.) was 32–48%, powdery mildew (Sphaerotheca mors Uvae.) and septoria blight (Mycosphaerella ribisLind.) were 16 and 15% respectively. We proved that a high weediness level reduces the yield of berriesby 56%in black currant plantations.
Evaluación de competencias sobre el cateterismo venoso central. Propuesta para la formación de médicos residentes
Authors: Alfonso Hernández Gladys , Pinilla Roa Análida Elizabeth
Published: December 2020

Objetivo Realizar una propuesta de evaluación formativa para el desarrollo de competencias profesionales sobre el cateterismo venoso central hecho por médicos residentes en una institución universitaria.Materiales y Métodos Estudio de caso con enfoque alternativo apoyado en la teoría fundamentada. Mediante 17 entrevistas a docentes, especialistas, residentes y personal administrativo, se identificaron el contexto y las tensiones sobre términos educativos y actores del proceso. Se trianguló y categorizó la información para elaborar esta propuesta.Resultados La propuesta debe incluir una planificación de actividades por niveles y evaluación continua. La simulación, observación, demostraciones en vivo y supervisión permanente son prerrequisitos que garantizan la seguridad del paciente. Se debe formar a los estudiantes de posgrado en ultrasonido. El docente deberá ser experto en el procedimiento y tener formación pedagógica. La evaluación formativa debe incluir diagnóstico inicial, autoevaluación, recertificación e instrumentos como listas de chequeo, rúbricas y recursos web para registro de actividades.Conclusión El proceso educativo de enseñanza/aprendizaje/evaluación del cateterismo venoso central es complejo. Por tanto, la propuesta debe implementarse desde el currículo, buscando la idoneidad profesional, la seguridad del paciente y la participación conjunta de instituciones de salud y educación.
Coparentalidade e envolvimento parental em famílias binucleares: revisão sistemática
Authors: De Souza Fernanda Martins , Fiorini Milena Carolina , Crepaldi Maria Aparecida
Published: December 2020

Objetivo. O objetivo desta revisão sistemática foi compreender como a coparentalidade, o envolvimento parental e as práticas parentais influenciam a dinâmica de famílias binucleares. Método. Realizou-se uma busca nas bases de dados PsycINFO, Web of Science e BVSPsi, que resultou em 17 artigos científicos. Os estudos foram analisados criticamente em relação às características metodológicas e aos principais resultados. Resultados. Em linhas gerais, observou-se que a coparentalidade e o envolvimento parental associam-se com diversos fatores de proteção à saúde psicológica dos pais e das crianças após o divórcio, em consonância com dados encontrados com famílias intactas/nucleares. Não foram encontradas pesquisas sobre práticas parentais dentro dos critérios de busca estabelecidos. Discutem-se possíveis vieses e indicações para futuras investigações e intervenções com famílias binucleares.
A Gorlin–Goltz-szindróma genetikai aspektusai
Authors: Vetró Éva , Oláh Judit , Nagy Dóra , Széll Márta , Piffkó József , Seres László
Published: December 2020

Összefoglaló. A Gorlin–Goltz-szindróma – más néven naevoid
basalsejtes carcinoma szindróma – egy ritka, viszont számos orvosi társszakmát
érintő, rendkívül változatos megjelenésű és genetikailag is heterogén betegség.
Bár a tudományos kutatások egyik kedvenc területe, az aránylag alacsony
betegszám, valamint a genotípus és a fenotípus közötti, igen komplex
összefüggések miatt a kórképről meglévő ismereteink még nem teljesek. A témában
megjelent nemzetközi és magyar nyelvű publikációk jelentős része esetközlésekre
és a szindróma általános ismertetésére szorítkozik. A közlemény célja, hogy
áttekintést adjon a szindróma genetikai vonatkozásairól. A nemzetközi és a
magyar nyelvű szakirodalom áttanulmányozását végeztük. A naevoid basalsejtes
carcinoma szindróma genetikai hátterének, az egyelőre azonosítatlan örökletes
tényezőknek pontos megismerése még várat magára. A genetikai vizsgálatok a
szindróma pontosabb megértéséhez, könnyebb diagnosztizálásához, a pozitív
családtervezéshez és a személyre szabott terápiákhoz is hozzájárulhatnak. Orv
Hetil. 2020; 161(49): 2072–2077.

Summary. Gorlin–Goltz syndrome, or nevoid basal cell carcinoma
syndrome, is a rare disease that requires multidisciplinary approach in patient
management. The disease is genetically heterogenous and has an extremely
variable expressivity. Although the syndrome is in the focus of scientific
research, our knowledge of it is still limited due to the relatively low number
of recognised patients and the complexity of genotype-phenotype correlation.
Several papers in this field have been published in the international and also
in the Hungarian literature but most of these reports are single cases or small
case series of families and outline general information about the disease.
Authors aimed to review the literature of the syndrome and to report the genetic
background and its role in the diagnosis and treatment. A review of the English
and Hungarian literature was performed. The full genetic background of the
syndrome is not yet discovered. Increasing the awareness of the syndrome,
collecting and thoroughly analysing the medical records and performing genetic
tests on the patients may lead to the better understanding of the disease; they
may also help early diagnosis and treatment, positive family planning and may
establish personalized medicine. Orv Hetil. 2020; 161(49): 2072–2077.
Black women as compost: An autoethnographic cantata
Authors: Upshaw Allison
Published: December 2020

This performative autoethnography is a restorying of my Black girlhood/Black womanhood journey. The format incorporates Black aesthetics through poetic and musical representations, while inviting the reader to make meaning for themselves. This autoethnographic cantata is a call to Black women everywhere to sing their own melodies and to compose their own songs from girlhood to womanhood. The lack of intext citations is also a purposeful call for readers to connect this work within their own disciplinary contexts and knowledge bases. It is written to be spoken or sung aloud, alone or in groups.
Cartography of evidence, ethics and engagement: Researcher decisions in (re)presentation
Authors: Earl Rinehart Kerry
Published: December 2020

A novice researcher may anticipate that on completion of gathering evidence, the decision-making involved in a project might become more straightforward. Typically, ethics committees and review boards have asked researchers to look ahead in consideration of research design and conduct to the gathering of evidence. However, decisions about representation and presentation of research contain further challenges and tensions. There are researcher decisions in determining what to say, how to say it and to whom. In the field of qualitative inquiry, there are multiple and increasing (re)presentational options and recognition of diverse standpoint epistemologies with implications for these researcher decisions. The core of this article is a written script or ethnodrama, the presentation of research in the form of a play. The dialogue in this play originates from questions, information and reflections recorded in my journals during one project and related to decisions of representation and presentation of research for audiences.