bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pembaruan Hukum Pencatatan Perkawinan di Indonesia Perspektif Maqasid Shari'ah
Authors: Masruhan Masruhan
Published: June 2016

Abstract: The role of marriage registration (recording) is important particularly in maintaining and protecting the rights of individuals to prove the marriage implementation. Registration of marriage, therefore, is governed by various related rules or regulation. Unfortunately, the registration of marriage is only as a normative one. Meanwhile, most Muslims do not obey the law of marriages arranged by the state because the law is ambiguous, having multi interpretations and difficult to implement. In fact, there are many negative effects emerging from marriage under the hands such as not getting the marriage certificate, and husband, wife and their children not being able to perform civil legal action against the genetic father who has left them. Therefore, marriage under the hand must be prevented with preventive, curative and anticipative measures. In order to produce a law that can respond to the changing demands of time, place, conditions and welfare of the spouses, the maqa>s}id al - shari>ah approach (the purpose of the law) is eligible to apply . Therefore, the government should change the law of registration of marriages that are not relevant to the state of society so that society will feel suitable with the legal registration of the marriage.
GERAKAN KEAGAMAAN BARU DALAM INDONESIA KONTEMPORER: Tafsir Sosial Atas Hizbut Tahrir
Authors: Arifin Syamsul
Published: June 2016

New various religious movements in Islam have emerged in several Muslim countries, including in Indonesia. Many consider them to be a blatant manifestation of radicalism and fundamentalism of Islam although their proponents reject such a label. One of the rising movements in Indonesia is Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI).  Fundamentalism is a common and widespread religious phenomenon since it is found trans-nationally. HTI represents the form of trans-national Islamic movement. This article seeks to examine HTI as a new rising trans-Islamic movement in contemporary Indonesia. By focusing on the HTI’s religious outlooks, ideology and social movement, this article argues that HTI is representation of fundamentalist movement. Fundamentalism here is defined as a form of religious movement that attempts to preserve fundamental tenets laid down in the Scripture, and reinterprets them in contemporary socio-political realms. The feature of fundamentalism in HTI is expressed in its religious thoughts and understanding and in the ways in which it re-appropriates Islamic doctrines in modern and contemporary socio-political contexts. 

Keywords: Hizbut Tahrir, fundamentalism, religious movements
MODEL PENGEMBANGAN PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM BERBASIS MULTIKULTURAL
Authors: Harto Kasinyo
Published: June 2016

Abstract: This study aims to discover principles of and philosophical basis for multicultural Islamic religious education. This study is important due to ineffective application of Article 13A of National Education System Law that could endanger national education and unity of the nation. This is a library research that analyzes the Qur’an, hadist and scholarly views to formulate basic principles for multicultural Islamic education. The results of this formulation are used to compose curriculum, syllabus, teachers’ and students’ competence, model of learning and evaluation. This study argues that approaches to religious learning having been applied so far in schools need to be reformulated and accorded to the multicultural context of Indonesian society because they tend to create intolerant, exclusive and egoistic students and emphasize personal piety. Education should not only teach students how to think critically but also how to live side by side with others peacefully. This idea must be included in learning processes so multiculturalism and are applied through such processes.
Adaptive Mesh Optimization for Simulation of Immiscible Viscous Fingering
Authors: Mostaghimi Peyman , Kamali Fatemeh , Jackson Matthew D. , Muggeridge Ann H. , Pain Christopher C.
Published: June 2016

Viscous fingering can be a major concern when waterflooding heavy-oil reservoirs. Most commercial reservoir simulators use low-order finite-volume/-difference methods on structured grids to resolve this phenomenon. However, this approach suffers from a significant numerical-dispersion error because of insufficient mesh resolution, which smears out some important features of the flow. We simulate immiscible incompressible two-phase displacements and propose the use of unstructured control-volume finite-element (CVFE) methods for capturing viscous fingering in porous media. Our approach uses anisotropic mesh adaptation where the mesh resolution is optimized on the basis of the evolving features of flow. The adaptive algorithm uses a metric tensor field dependent on solution-interpolation-error estimates to locally control the size and shape of elements in the metric. The mesh optimization generates an unstructured finer mesh in areas of the domain where flow properties change more quickly and a coarser mesh in other regions where properties do not vary so rapidly. We analyze the computational cost of mesh adaptivity on unstructured mesh and compare its results with those obtained by a commercial reservoir simulator on the basis of the finite-volume methods.
A literature review of the sustainability, the managerial conduct of management and the internal control systems evident in South African small, medium and micro enterprises
Authors: Bruwer Juan-Pierré , Coetzee Philna
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this research study is to theoretically investigate the sustainability, the managerial conduct of management and the internal control systems evident in South African small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs). To achieve the aforementioned, a literature review was conducted through analyzing relevant secondary data from journal articles, theses, dissertations, books, and reports. According to popular literature, the overall sustainability of any organization is strongly influenced by its internal control systems. Taking into account the weak sustainability of South African SMMEs, it appears that the soundness of the internal control systems of these business entities is adversely influenced by the managerial conduct of its management. This is particularly the case, since the managerial conduct of management in South Africa is often described as flexible; the managerial conduct of management makes up a substantial part of the control environment which, in turn, is deemed as the foundation of any system of internal control. In quintessence, the literature reviewed shows that the sustainability of South African SMMEs is adversely influenced by a flexible managerial conduct of management which directly (and negatively) impacts on the soundness of their internal control systems; their abilities to attain relevant objectives in the foreseeable future
An assessment of the challenges of adopting and implementing IFRSS for SMEs in South Africa
Authors: Rudzani Sikhwari , David Charles Manda
Published: June 2016

The purpose of this study is to assess the challenges faced by small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) in adopting and implementing International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) for SMEs in South Africa. There is a perception that, although SMEs are required to use IFRS for SMEs in South Africa, many of these entities are finding it difficult to adopt or implement the IFRS for various reasons including lack of the necessary expertise. The objective of the study is to establish, empirically, the reasons and, subsequently, to determine the attributing causes of the problem, if that was the case. The study is based on a sample of randomly selected number of SMEs in Vhembe district, Thohoyandou, Limpopo province, South Africa. The study findings show that many SMEs in Vhembe District (67%) have adopted IFRS for SMEs in various forms and degree, but, generally, SMEs still find challenges in implementation due to lack of resources. For compliance purposes, however, even those SMEs which have not substantially implemented the IFRS for SMEs are expected to prepare their financial statements by referring to the guidelines. Consequently, this raises a problem when comparing financial performance of various SMEs whose financial statements are prepared using different approaches. The study findings serve as a reminder to the accounting profession about the challenges that SMEs face when they attempt to adopt IFRS for SMEs
Achieving Procedural Competence during Nephrology Fellowship Training: Current Requirements and Educational Research
Authors: Clark Edward , Barsuk Jeffrey H. , Karpinski Jolanta , McQuillan Rory
Published: June 2016

Concerns have previously been raised as to whether training programs are ensuring that nephrology fellows achieve competence in the procedural skills required for independent practice. We sought to review the current requirements for procedural training as well as educational research pertaining to achieving competence in the core nephrology procedures of nontunneled (temporary) hemodialysis catheter insertion and percutaneous kidney biopsy. At this time, there is no universal approach to procedural training and assessment during nephrology fellowship. Nonetheless, simulation–based mastery learning programs have been shown to be effective in improving fellows’ skills in nontunneled (temporary) hemodialysis catheter insertion and should be provided by all nephrology training programs. For percutaneous kidney biopsy, the development and evaluation of inexpensive simulators are a promising starting point for future study. Current practice with respect to procedural training during nephrology fellowship remains imperfect; however, the ongoing shift toward competency-based evaluation provides opportunities to refocus on improvement.
The unwanted legacy. In search of historical roots of corruption in Poland
Authors: Koryś Piotr , Tymniński Maciej
Published: June 2016

The paper deals with different interpretations of roots of contemporary
Polish corruption. The authors discuss two competing theories developed by
Polish scholars. The first one links the sources of corruption with both the
culture of corruption developed in the peasant society and the inefficiency
of the political institutions of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The
second one connects them mostly with institutional changes that happened
during the Communist period. Recent data and the path of evolution of
corruptive behavior after Communism suggest that the latter interpretation is
more plausible.
Retroperitoneal Schwannoma: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Rahman ASM Zahidur , Ghosh Chanchal Kumar , Sharmin Zinat Rehana
Published: June 2016

A 45 years old woman admitted to our Hospital with pain in the right flank and right hypochondrium. Her abdominal USG and CT scan showed a large complex cystic mass present in the deep soft tissue compressing the right kidney. Multiple gall bladder stones were also found in imaging. Both the adrenal glands and left kidney had a normal appearance. The mass was completely resected with extended right subcostal incision along with excision of Gall bladder. Histopathological examination of the specimen revealed a degenerated schwannoma. Patient was discharged on 8th day after operation without any complications.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2015; 33(4): 225-228
Rereading al-Ṭabarī through al-Māturīdī: New Light on the Third Century Hijrī
Authors: Saleh Walid A.
Published: June 2016

The Taʾwīlāt ahl al-sunna of al-Māturīdī, an exegete contemporaneous with al-Ṭabarī, is now available in three editions; we have no excuse for not consulting it. But the issue is not merely a matter of inspecting yet another of the Qur'an commentaries available. Rather, as will become apparent in this article, we have in the work of al-Māturīdī a fundamental early work that will revolutionise how we understand the development of the genre of tafsīr in medieval Islam. Recognising the central significance of the Taʾwīlāt will allow us to incorporate it as a major source alongside al-Ṭabarī, and will have profound implications for how we have been studying al-Ṭabarī and tafsīr as a whole. Tafsīr seen through the Taʾwīlāt al-Qurʾān looks different; it was pursued differently and speaks to a manner of doing tafsīr that al-Ṭabarī pretended did not exist. Al-Ṭabarī’s work must be read alongside al-Māturīdī’s: only then will we be able to fully grasp the significance of what al-Ṭabarī achieved. When read in this light, al-Ṭabarī is shown to be far more ideological, far more radical in his work, than we have hitherto realised. He was not gathering the Sunnī collective memory so much as reshaping it. Therefore, his work should be regarded as a representative of one particular type of tafsīr activity, rather than as the epitome of mainstream Sunnī Qur'an interpretation.
On Site Investigation and Health Monitoring of a Historic Tower in Mantua, Italy
Authors: Saisi Antonella , Guidobaldi Marco , Gentile Carmelo
Published: June 2016

The paper describes the strategy adopted to assess the structural condition of the tallest historic tower in Mantua (Italy) after the Italian seismic sequence of May–June 2012 and exemplifies the application of health monitoring using (automated) operational modal analysis. The post-earthquake survey (including extensive visual inspection, historic and documentary research, non-destructive (ND) material testing, and ambient vibration tests) highlighted the poor state of preservation of the upper part of the tower; subsequently, a dynamic monitoring system (consisting of a few accelerometers and one temperature sensor) was installed in the building to address the preservation of the historic structure, and automated modal identification was continuously performed. Despite the low levels of vibration that existed in operational conditions, the analysis of data collected over a period of about 15 months allowed to assess and model the effects of changing temperature on modal frequencies and to detect the occurrence of abnormal behavior and damage under the changing environment. The monitoring results demonstrate the potential key role of vibration-based structural health monitoring, implemented through low-cost hardware solutions and appropriate software tools, in the preventive conservation and the condition-based maintenance of historic towers.
Entropy Generation on MHD Eyring–Powell Nanofluid through a Permeable Stretching Surface
Authors: Bhatti Muhammad , Abbas Tehseen , Rashidi Mohammad , Ali Mohamed , Yang Zhigang
Published: June 2016

In this article, entropy generation of an Eyring–Powell nanofluid through a permeable stretching surface has been investigated. The impact of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) and nonlinear thermal radiation are also taken into account. The governing flow problem is modeled with the help of similarity transformation variables. The resulting nonlinear ordinary differential equations are solved numerically with the combination of the Successive linearization method and Chebyshev spectral collocation method. The impact of all the emerging parameters such as Hartmann number, Prandtl number, radiation parameter, Lewis number, thermophoresis parameter, Brownian motion parameter, Reynolds number, fluid parameter, and Brinkmann number are discussed with the help of graphs and tables. It is observed that the influence of the magnetic field opposes the flow. Moreover, entropy generation profile behaves as an increasing function of all the physical parameters.
“I Am the Wolf: Queering ‘Little Red Riding Hood’ and ‘Snow White and Rose Red’ in the Television Show Once Upon a Time”
Authors: Warman Brittany
Published: June 2016

In season one, episode 15 of the television show Once Upon a Time, viewers are given a glimpse into the history of Ruby/Red, the series’ version of Red Riding Hood. The episode reveals that, contrary to most oral and written versions of the ATU 333 tale, Red herself is the wolf: a werewolf who must wear an enchanted red cloak in order to keep from turning into a monster. The episode also features the beginnings of the close friendship between Red and Snow White. The sisterly bond that quickly forms between the two women, combined with the striking images of their respective red and white cloaks, easily calls to mind a less familiar fairy tale not explicitly referenced in the series: “Snow White and Rose Red” (ATU 426). Taking queer readings of this text as starting points, I argue that this allusion complicates the bond between the two women, opening up space for a compelling reading of Red’s werewolf nature as a coded depiction of her then latent but later confirmed bisexuality.
The Impact of Antenatal Psychological Group Interventions on Psychological Well-Being: A Systematic Review of the Qualitative and Quantitative Evidence
Authors: Wadephul Franziska , Jones Catriona , Jomeen Julie
Published: June 2016

Depression, anxiety and stress in the perinatal period can have serious, long-term consequences for women, their babies and their families. Over the last two decades, an increasing number of group interventions with a psychological approach have been developed to improve the psychological well-being of pregnant women. This systematic review examines interventions targeting women with elevated symptoms of, or at risk of developing, perinatal mental health problems, with the aim of understanding the successful and unsuccessful features of these interventions. We systematically searched online databases to retrieve qualitative and quantitative studies on psychological antenatal group interventions. A total number of 19 papers describing 15 studies were identified; these included interventions based on cognitive behavioural therapy, interpersonal therapy and mindfulness. Quantitative findings suggested beneficial effects in some studies, particularly for women with high baseline symptoms. However, overall there is insufficient quantitative evidence to make a general recommendation for antenatal group interventions. Qualitative findings suggest that women and their partners experience these interventions positively in terms of psychological wellbeing and providing reassurance of their ‘normality’. This review suggests that there are some benefits to attending group interventions, but further research is required to fully understand their successful and unsuccessful features.
Global-Scale Resource Survey and Performance Monitoring of Public OGC Web Map Services
Authors: Gui Zhipeng , Cao Jun , Liu Xiaojing , Cheng Xiaoqiang , Wu Huayi
Published: June 2016

One of the most widely-implemented service standards provided by the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) to the user community is the Web Map Service (WMS). WMS is widely employed globally, but there is limited knowledge of the global distribution, adoption status or the service quality of these online WMS resources. To fill this void, we investigated global WMSs resources and performed distributed performance monitoring of these services. This paper explicates a distributed monitoring framework that was used to monitor 46,296 WMSs continuously for over one year and a crawling method to discover these WMSs. We analyzed server locations, provider types, themes, the spatiotemporal coverage of map layers and the service versions for 41,703 valid WMSs. Furthermore, we appraised the stability and performance of basic operations for 1210 selected WMSs (i.e., GetCapabilities and GetMap). We discuss the major reasons for request errors and performance issues, as well as the relationship between service response times and the spatiotemporal distribution of client monitoring sites. This paper will help service providers, end users and developers of standards to grasp the status of global WMS resources, as well as to understand the adoption status of OGC standards. The conclusions drawn in this paper can benefit geospatial resource discovery, service performance evaluation and guide service performance improvements.
Implementation of Geographical Conditions Monitoring in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, China
Authors: Zhang Jixian , Liu Jiping , Zhai Liang , Hou Wei
Published: June 2016

Increasingly accelerated urbanization and socio-economic development can cause a series of environmental problems. Accurate and efficient monitoring of the geographical conditions is important for achieving sustainable development. This paper presents the first results of the project “Geographical Conditions Monitoring (GCM)” in an exemplified area “Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH)” in China over the last three decades. It focuses on four hot issues in BTH: distribution of dust surfaces and pollution industries, vegetation coverage, urban sprawl, and ground subsidence. The aim of this project is the detection of geographical condition changes and for the description of this development by indicators, as well as the analysis and evaluation of the effects of such processes on selected environmental perspectives. The results have shown that the contributions of the applied GCM in making the plan of urban design and nature conservation. Valuable experience gained from this project would be useful for further developing and applying GCM at the national level.
p38 MAPK Inhibitor Insufficiently Attenuates HSC Senescence Administered Long-Term after 6 Gy Total Body Irradiation in Mice
Authors: Lu Lu , Wang Yue-Ying , Zhang Jun-Ling , Li De-Guan , Meng Ai-Min
Published: June 2016

Senescent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) accumulate with age and exposure to stress, such as total-body irradiation (TBI), which may cause long-term myelosuppression in the clinic. However, the methods available for long-term myelosuppression remain limited. Previous studies have demonstrated that sustained p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK) activation in HSCs following exposure to TBI in mice and the administration of its inhibitor twenty-four hours after TBI may partially prevent long-term myelosuppression. However, long-term myelosuppression is latent and identified long after the administration of radiation. In this study, we investigated the effects of SB203580 (a small molecule inhibitor of p38 MAPK) on long-term myelosuppression induced by TBI. Mice with hematopoietic injury were injected intraperitoneally with SB203580 every other day five times beginning 70 days after 6 Gy of 137Cs γ ray TBI. Our results at 80 days demonstrated that SB203580 did not significantly improve the TBI-induced long-term reduction of peripheral blood cell and bone marrow nucleated cell (BMNC) counts, or defects in hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) and HSC clonogenic function. SB203580 reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and p-p38 expression; however, SB203580 had no effect on p16 expression in the HSCs of mice. In conclusion, these findings suggest that treatment with SB203580 70 days after TBI in mice inhibits the ROS-p38 oxidative stress pathway; however, it has no therapeutic effect on long-term myelosuppression induced by TBI.
Probing Saltern Brines with an Oxygen Electrode: What Can We Learn about the Community Metabolism in Hypersaline Systems?
Authors: Oren Aharon
Published: June 2016

We have explored the use of optical oxygen electrodes to study oxygenic photosynthesis and heterotrophic activities in crystallizer brines of the salterns in Eilat, Israel. Monitoring oxygen uptake rates in the dark enables the identification of organic substrates that are preferentially used by the community. Addition of glycerol (the osmotic solute synthesized by Dunaliella) or dihydroxyacetone (produced from glycerol by Salinibacter) enhanced respiration rates. Pyruvate, produced from glycerol or from some sugars by certain halophilic Archaea also stimulated community respiration. Fumarate had a sparing effect on respiration, possibly as many halophilic Archaea can use fumarate as a terminal electron acceptor in respiration. Calculating the photosynthetic activity of Dunaliella by monitoring oxygen concentration changes during light/dark incubations is not straightforward as light also affects respiration of some halophilic Archaea and Bacteria due to action of light-driven proton pumps. When illuminated, community respiration of brine samples in which oxygenic photosynthesis was inhibited by DCMU decreased by ~40%. This effect was interpreted as the result of competition between two energy yielding systems: the bacteriorhodopsin proton pump and the respiratory chain of the prokaryotes. These findings have important implications for the interpretation of other published data on photosynthetic and respiratory activities in hypersaline environments.
Mechanical Characterization and Constitutive Modeling of Human Trachea: Age and Gender Dependency
Authors: Safshekan Farzaneh , Tafazzoli-Shadpour Mohammad , Abdouss Majid , Shadmehr Mohammad
Published: June 2016

Tracheal disorders can usually reduce the free lumen diameter or wall stiffness, and hence limit airflow. Trachea tissue engineering seems a promising treatment for such disorders. The required mechanical compatibility of the prepared scaffold with native trachea necessitates investigation of the mechanical behavior of the human trachea. This study aimed at mechanical characterization of human tracheas and comparing the results based on age and gender. After isolating 30 human tracheas, samples of tracheal cartilage, smooth muscle, and connective tissue were subjected to uniaxial tension to obtain force-displacement curves and calculate stress-stretch data. Among several models, the Yeoh and Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic functions were best able to describe hyperelastic behavior of all three tracheal components. The mean value of the elastic modulus of human tracheal cartilage was calculated to be 16.92 ± 8.76 MPa. An overall tracheal stiffening with age was observed, with the most considerable difference in the case of cartilage. Consistently, we noticed some histological alterations in cartilage and connective tissue with aging, which may play a role in age-related tracheal stiffening. No considerable effect of gender on the mechanical behavior of tracheal components was observed. The results of this study can be applied in the design and fabrication of trachea tissue engineering scaffolds.
Nutraceuticals and Bioactive Components from Fish for Dyslipidemia and Cardiovascular Risk Reduction
Authors: Chiesa Giulia , Busnelli Marco , Manzini Stefano , Parolini Cinzia
Published: June 2016

Cardiovascular disease remains the most common health problem in developed countries, and residual risk after implementing all current therapies is still high. Permanent changes in lifestyle may be hard to achieve and people may not always be motivated enough to make the recommended modifications. Emerging research has explored the application of natural food-based strategies in disease management. In recent years, much focus has been placed on the beneficial effects of fish consumption. Many of the positive effects of fish consumption on dyslipidemia and heart diseases have been attributed to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs, i.e., EPA and DHA); however, fish is also an excellent source of protein and, recently, fish protein hydrolysates containing bioactive peptides have shown promising activities for the prevention/management of cardiovascular disease and associated health complications. The present review will focus on n-3 PUFAs and bioactive peptides effects on cardiovascular disease risk factors. Moreover, since considerable controversy exists regarding the association between n-3 PUFAs and major cardiovascular endpoints, we have also reviewed the main clinical trials supporting or not this association.
Abraham Joshua Heschel and Nostra Aetate: Shaping the Catholic Reconsideration of Judaism during Vatican II
Authors: Furnal Joshua
Published: June 2016

Although Nostra Aetate is only comprised of five short paragraphs, this document represents a turning point, not just for Catholic-Jewish relations, but also sketches the fundamental aims of embodying the Christian faith in a pluralistic age. There is a complex but important narrative that needs to be revisited so that we do not forget the ways in which Catholic learning has developed, and how this development has often been prompted by non-Catholics. In this article, I will re-examine some crucial details in the back-story of the formulation of Nostra Aetate and offer some observations about the potential consequences of omitting these details. My argument is that some recent events and scholarship suffer from a form of amnesia about the role that Jewish people have played in the development of Catholic learning—a form of amnesia that manifests in explicit proselytizing tendencies. In particular, I want to highlight the role that Rabbi Abraham Joshua Heschel played during the Second Vatican Council as an instructive example for Catholic-Jewish dialogue today.
Finding God in Pawlikowski’s Ida
Authors: Vredenburgh Steven
Published: June 2016

Pawel Pawlikowski’s Ida (2014) tells the story of a nun who must learn to resituate her faith in light of new experiences and information. Through Ida’s encounters, Pawlikowski suggests that God may be encountered in unexpected places. This theological meditation is done primarily through the elements of the film’s color, framing, costuming, music, art direction, and character interactions, all of which work together to demonstrate Pawlikowski’s thesis. By exploring this topic on film, Pawlikowski not only expresses his thoughts on where to seek God, but invites others to join him in his search.
Ensuring Resilience of Natural Resources under Exposure to Extreme Climate Events
Authors: Jacobs Brent , Boronyak-Vasco Louise , Moyle Kristy , Leith Peat
Published: June 2016

Natural resources directly support rural livelihoods and underpin much of the wealth of rural and regional Australia. Climate change manifesting as increasing frequency and or severity of extreme weather events poses a threat to sustainable management of natural resources because the recurrence of events may exceed the resilience of natural systems or the coping capacity of social systems. We report the findings of a series of participatory workshops with communities in eight discrete landscapes in South East New South Wales, Australia. The workshops focused on how natural resource management (NRM) is considered in the Prevent-Prepare-Respond-Recover emergency management cycle. We found that NRM is generally considered only in relation to the protection of life and property and not for the intrinsic value of ecosystem services that support communities. We make three recommendations to improve NRM under extreme climate events. Firstly, the support to communities offered by emergency management agencies could be bolstered by guidance material co-produced with government NR agencies. Secondly, financial assistance from government should specifically target the restoration and maintenance of green infrastructure to avoid loss of social-ecological resilience. Thirdly, action by natural resource dependent communities should be encouraged and supported to better protect ecosystem services in preparation for future extreme events.
Remote Sensing Image Scene Classification Using Multi-Scale Completed Local Binary Patterns and Fisher Vectors
Authors: Huang Longhui , Chen Chen , Li Wei , Du Qian
Published: June 2016

An effective remote sensing image scene classification approach using patch-based multi-scale completed local binary pattern (MS-CLBP) features and a Fisher vector (FV) is proposed. The approach extracts a set of local patch descriptors by partitioning an image and its multi-scale versions into dense patches and using the CLBP descriptor to characterize local rotation invariant texture information. Then, Fisher vector encoding is used to encode the local patch descriptors (i.e., patch-based CLBP features) into a discriminative representation. To improve the discriminative power of feature representation, multiple sets of parameters are used for CLBP to generate multiple FVs that are concatenated as the final representation for an image. A kernel-based extreme learning machine (KELM) is then employed for classification. The proposed method is extensively evaluated on two public benchmark remote sensing image datasets (i.e., the 21-class land-use dataset and the 19-class satellite scene dataset) and leads to superior classification performance (93.00% for the 21-class dataset with an improvement of approximately 3% when compared with the state-of-the-art MS-CLBP and 94.32% for the 19-class dataset with an improvement of approximately 1%).
Joint Model and Observation Cues for Single-Image Shadow Detection
Authors: Li Jiayuan , Hu Qingwu , Ai Mingyao
Published: June 2016

Shadows, which are cast by clouds, trees, and buildings, degrade the accuracy of many tasks in remote sensing, such as image classification, change detection, object recognition, etc. In this paper, we address the problem of shadow detection for complex scenes. Unlike traditional methods which only use pixel information, our method joins model and observation cues. Firstly, we improve the bright channel prior (BCP) to model and extract the occlusion map in an image. Then, we combine the model-based result with observation cues (i.e., pixel values, luminance, and chromaticity properties) to refine the shadow mask. Our method is suitable for both natural images and satellite images. We evaluate the proposed approach from both qualitative and quantitative aspects on four datasets. The results demonstrate the power of our method. It shows that the proposed method can achieve almost 85% F-measure accuracy both on natural images and remote sensing images, which is much better than the compared state-of-the-art methods.
Energy Efficient IoT Data Collection in Smart Cities Exploiting D2D Communications
Authors: Orsino Antonino , Araniti Giuseppe , Militano Leonardo , Alonso-Zarate Jesus , Molinaro Antonella , Iera Antonio
Published: June 2016

Fifth Generation (5G) wireless systems are expected to connect an avalanche of “smart” objects disseminated from the largest “Smart City” to the smallest “Smart Home”. In this vision, Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) is deemed to play a fundamental role in the Internet of Things (IoT) arena providing a large coherent infrastructure and a wide wireless connectivity to the devices. However, since LTE-A was originally designed to support high data rates and large data size, novel solutions are required to enable an efficient use of radio resources to convey small data packets typically exchanged by IoT applications in “smart” environments. On the other hand, the typically high energy consumption required by cellular communications is a serious obstacle to large scale IoT deployments under cellular connectivity as in the case of Smart City scenarios. Network-assisted Device-to-Device (D2D) communications are considered as a viable solution to reduce the energy consumption for the devices. The particular approach presented in this paper consists in appointing one of the IoT smart devices as a collector of all data from a cluster of objects using D2D links, thus acting as an aggregator toward the eNodeB. By smartly adapting the Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) on the communication links, we will show it is possible to maximize the radio resource utilization as a function of the total amount of data to be sent. A further benefit that we will highlight is the possibility to reduce the transmission power when a more robust MCS is adopted. A comprehensive performance evaluation in a wide set of scenarios will testify the achievable gains in terms of energy efficiency and resource utilization in the envisaged D2D-based IoT data collection.
Physiological Characteristics of Incoming Freshmen Field Players in a Men’s Division I Collegiate Soccer Team
Authors: Lockie Robert , Davis DeShaun , Birmingham-Babauta Samantha , Beiley Megan , Hurley Jillian , Stage Alyssa , Stokes John , Tomita Tricia , Torne Ibett , Lazar Adrina
Published: June 2016

Freshmen college soccer players will have lower training ages than their experienced teammates (sophomores, juniors, seniors). How this is reflected in field test performance is not known. Freshmen (n = 7) and experienced (n = 10) male field soccer players from the same Division I school completed soccer-specific tests to identify potential differences in incoming freshmen. Testing included: vertical jump (VJ), standing broad jump, and triple hop (TH); 30-m sprint, (0–5, 5–10, 0–10, and 0–30 m intervals); 505 change-of-direction test; Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 2 (YYIRT2); and 6 × 30-m sprints to measure repeated-sprint ability. A MANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc was conducted on the performance test data, and effect sizes and z-scores were calculated from the results for magnitude-based inference. There were no significant between-group differences in the performance tests. There were moderate effects for the differences in VJ height, left-leg TH, 0–5, 0–10 and 0–30 m sprint intervals, and YYIRT2 (d = 0.63–1.18), with experienced players being superior. According to z-score data, freshmen had meaningful differences below the squad mean in the 30-m sprint, YYIRT2, and jump tests. Freshmen soccer players may need to develop linear speed, high-intensity running, and jump performance upon entering a collegiate program.
Evaluation of the Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Hydroelectricity Generation Systems
Authors: Kadiyala Akhil , Kommalapati Raghava , Huque Ziaul
Published: June 2016

This study evaluated the life cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from different hydroelectricity generation systems by first performing a comprehensive review of the hydroelectricity generation system life cycle assessment (LCA) studies and then subsequent computation of statistical metrics to quantify the life cycle GHG emissions (expressed in grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per kilowatt hour, gCO2e/kWh). A categorization index (with unique category codes, formatted as “facility type-electric power generation capacity”) was developed and used in this study to evaluate the life cycle GHG emissions from the reviewed hydroelectricity generation systems. The unique category codes were labeled by integrating the names of the two hydro power sub-classifications, i.e., the facility type (impoundment (I), diversion (D), pumped storage (PS), miscellaneous hydropower works (MHPW)) and the electric power generation capacity (micro (µ), small (S), large (L)). The characterized hydroelectricity generation systems were statistically evaluated to determine the reduction in corresponding life cycle GHG emissions. A total of eight unique categorization codes (I-S, I-L, D-µ, D-S, D-L, PS-L, MHPW-µ, MHPW-S) were designated to the 19 hydroelectricity generation LCA studies (representing 178 hydropower cases) using the proposed categorization index. The mean life cycle GHG emissions resulting from the use of I-S (N = 24), I-L (N = 8), D-µ (N = 3), D-S (N = 133), D-L (N = 3), PS-L (N = 3), MHPW-µ (N = 3), and MHPW-S (N = 1) hydroelectricity generation systems are 21.05 gCO2e/kWh, 40.63 gCO2e/kWh, 47.82 gCO2e/kWh, 27.18 gCO2e/kWh, 3.45 gCO2e/kWh, 256.63 gCO2e/kWh, 19.73 gCO2e/kWh, and 2.78 gCO2e/kWh, respectively. D-L hydroelectricity generation systems produced the minimum life cycle GHGs (considering the hydroelectricity generation system categories with a representation of at least two cases).
The Qualities Needed for a Successful Collaboration: A Contribution to the Conceptual Understanding of Collaboration for Efficient Public Transport
Authors: Hrelja Robert , Pettersson Fredrik , Westerdahl Stig
Published: June 2016

The creation of an efficient public transport system requires collaborations between formal independent organizations. This paper examines collaborations between public and private organizations and passengers, with the aim of contributing to the conceptual understanding of collaborations on public transport. The study begins by describing previous research on collaboration in the public transport area and in other research fields analytically relevant for public transport. Accordingly, collaboration is defined as an attempt to overcome problems with collective action and to transform a situation in which the various organizations operate independently into a situation where they act in concert to achieve shared objectives. The collaboration process involves the establishment of joint rules and structures that govern the relationship and behavior of the organizations. According to this definition, collaboration is a more sophisticated form of collective action than is indicated by terms such as “co-operation” or “coordination”. Fully-functioning collaboration can be described as a form of “co-action”, as opposed to “individual action”. In co-action, formal independent organizations together reap the benefits of working together and achieve more than if they had acted alone. Co-action can be regarded as a gradual trust-building process that requires qualities such as mutual confidence, an understanding of other organizations’ motivations, and joint problem formulation.
Adaptation in E-Learning Content Specifications with Dynamic Sharable Objects
Authors: Gutiérrez Ignacio , Álvarez Víctor , Paule M. , Pérez-Pérez Juan , De Freitas Sara
Published: June 2016

Dynamic sophisticated real-time adaptation is not possible with current e-learning technologies. Our proposal is based on changing the approach for the development of e-learning systems using dynamic languages and including them in both platforms and learning content specifications thereby making them adaptive. We propose a Sharable Auto-Adaptive Learning Object (SALO), defined as an object that includes learning content and describes its own behaviour supported by dynamic languages. We describe an example implementation of SALO for the delivery and assessment of a web development course using Moodle rubrics. As a result, the learning objects can dynamically adapt their characteristics and behaviour in e-learning platforms.
Vers une (re)territorialisation des aéroports par les enjeux environnementaux. Conflits d’acteurs, enjeux de valeurs et recherche d’indicateurs (Towards a re-territorialization of airports thru environmental challenges : actors’s conflicts, values at stake, the search for indicators)
Authors: Faburel Guillaume
Published: June 2016

Depuis trente ans, les tensions et conflits environnementaux entre associations de défense de l’environnement et décideurs nationaux affectent de plus en plus de projets d’extension et de modalités de gestion aéroportuaire portés par le pôle aérien. Sur la base de comparaisons internationales, le propos développé ici vise à analyser ce dont la généralisation de ces résistances témoigne, par-delà les cultures politiques, rapports sociaux et particularités physiques et symboliques des lieux concernés : l’avènement progressif d’un référentiel d’action, socio-spatial. Celui-ci s’est construit par opposition à celui, historique, développé par le pôle aérien et ses rapports archétypaux à «l’espace des flux » . Il signe l’entrée des territoires dans l’arène publique, sous l’égide de valeurs d’identité et de coalitions d’acteurs, ainsi que d’effets territoriaux des charges environnementales, longtemps négligés par les évaluations technico-économiques officielles. L’émergence de ce référentiel, et donc la généralisation des conflits qui en atteste, conditionnent alors de plus en plus le devenir de la mobilité aérienne à la négociation de l’ «acceptabilité » territoriale (i. e. sociale et politique) des fonctionnements et projets aéroportuaires. Au point d’avoir accouché, à certains endroits, de plusieurs interventions nouvelles, particulièrement en terme de gouvernance aéroportuaire ou de production de données plus représentatives des effets devenus enjeux de débat. Les territoires aéroportuaires vont-ils de ce fait devenir des laboratoires pour l’expérimentation de politiques d’aménagement durable ?
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF ADHESIVE PROPERTIES AND BOND LENGTH ON THE BOND BEHAVIOUR OF NSM FRP BARS IN CONCRETE
Authors: TORRES Lluís , SHARAKY Ibrahim Attia , BARRIS Cristina , BAENA Marta
Published: June 2016

The near-surface mounted (NSM) fibre reinforced polymer (FRP) technique is a relatively recent system for strengthening concrete structures. Bond is a key factor in its behaviour, and is affected by many factors whose influence can only be tested through experimental studies. In this study, the modified pull-out test was used to study the effect of epoxy properties and bond length on the behaviour of NSM FRP bars. Three epoxy types, two FRP materials (carbon and glass) and four bond lengths (6db, 12db, 24db and 30db) are used. The load capacity, slips at the loaded end and free end and average bond stress are all analysed. The test results indicate that the role of epoxy properties appear to be a key factor in bond performance in the NSM FRP strengthening technique, and that their effect varies depending on bond length and FRP properties.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE PERFORMANCE OF DECONSTRUCTED TIRES FOR USE AS PADS IN RAILROAD TRACKS
Authors: SOL-SÁNCHEZ Miguel , MORENO-NAVARRO Fernando , RUBIO-GÁMEZ Maria Carmen
Published: June 2016

The use of end-of-life (EOL) tires is now widespread in civil engineering work. In most cases, the tires are shredded and recycled as crumb rubber. However, this research focuses on an alternate method in which EOL tires were deconstructed to manufacture rail pads. In other words, their outer layer was removed, which made it possible to benefit from the mechanical properties of the tires without having to grind them up. The performance of the recycled tire rubber was analyzed by means of static and dynamic stiffness tests as well as by fatigue tests. The results reflected the long-term performance of the material. Also analyzed was the deterioration of its properties after various thermal and anti-ageing treatments. The results obtained were compared with those of commercial crumb rubber rail pads. The excellent performance of the rail pads made from deconstructed EOL tires shows the high potential of this material for use in railroad tracks.
TECHNOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY: A TOOL FOR UNDERSTANDING THE BEHAVIOUR OF CONSUMERS OF HIGH VALUE-ADDED FOODSTUFFS
Authors: COTES-TORRES Alejandro , MUÑOZ-GALLEGO Pablo Antonio , COTES-TORRES José Miguel
Published: June 2016

This article proposes and develops the concept of technological complexity (TC) as a useful and simple tool for grouping key attributes that give added value to a product. In addition, it reports an empirical application of this concept to two different food products (cured ham and cured sausage). The authors used a mixed-effects multi-nomial logistic regression model and show that in the cured pork product agribusiness, a low frequency of consumption favours the acceptance of high TC products. The results also confirm that marketing high TC products in stores with a large assortment decreases the chances of success for agribusiness companies that produce cured pork food products. These finding can be used by the managers for designing complementary attributes that improve their product portfolio. Besides, advertising expenditures associated with introducing new products could be reduced if companies strengthened their presence in specialty stores.