bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
O HOMEM CANSADO
Authors: Rosostolato Breno
Published: September 2019

É inegável a importância dos movimentos emancipatórios e de autonomia dos sujeitos. Proporcionando debates, reflexões e estabelecendo espaços de diálogo para fertilizar temas emergentes e considerados tabus. São sistemas essencialistas, falas que ecoam violências, culturas de abusos e negação dedireitos, estes movimentos identitários legitimam aqueles que sofrem por causa de políticas silenciadoras e invisibilidade. Esse é o cenário propício para refletirmos sobre as masculinidades que estabelecem segregações dessas identidades, pautadas em privilégios e generificações de corpos, desejos e subjetividades, mas também, enquanto políticas de poder. Olhar para as masculinidades é olhar para as masculinidades tóxicas e as relações de dominação. Masculinidades alexitímicas. Constatar que não são imóveis e intocáveis, mas revelam pluralidades e estão em plena transformação. Eis o homem angustiado e cansado que, marcado pelo totalitarismo patriarcal, não mais o sustenta e que, uma vez se reconhecendo neste contexto de exploração, arbitrariedades e violências, não admite mais estas condições. É diante de rupturas de fronteiras, entre o patriarcalismo colonial, masculinidades emancipatórias e interseccionalidades com as feminilidades que localizamos novas perspectivas de ser-homem e a crítica a uma masculinidade sem hegemonias,compreendendo que outras identidades e protagonismos devem ser respeitados.
SEXUALIDADE NA LONGEVIDADE E SUA SIGNIFICAÇÃO EM QUALIDADE DE VIDA
Authors: Oliveira Francisco Fabrício Firmino de , Vieira Kay Francis Leal
Published: September 2019

O artigo consiste numa revisão da literatura sobre a sexualidade na longevidade e sua contribuição para a qualidade de vida da pessoa idosa. Inicialmente, trazemos um breve resumo sobre sexualidade na longevidade com seus aspectos positivos que perpassam gerações trazendo qualidade de vida, saúdee bem estar e resignificando a vida dos idosos. Discorremos sobre mitos e verdades no quesito sexualidade na vida dos longevos. Por fim, destacamos as motivações dos idosos para a manutenção de uma vida sexual ativa com suas inovações e adaptações, considerando que apesar do envelhecimento trazer modificações na vida sexual da pessoa idosa é importante ressaltar que as vivências sexuais se mostra essencial para que se envelheça com uma boa qualidade de vida.
KEADILAN DALAM HUKUM LEX TALIONIS: TAFSIR TERHADAP KELUARAN 21:22-25
Authors: Panjaitan Firman , Lumingkewas Marthin S.
Published: September 2019

Hukum Lex Talionis seringkali dipahami sebagai sebuah hukum yang mem­berlakukan pembalasan (dendam) secara maksimal. Melalui hukum ini, semua bentuk pembalasan dilegalkan dan bahkan dapat dibenarkan. Kajian dalam Keluaran 21:22-25 justru hendak menunjukkan kebalikan dari pemahaman di atas. Jika ditilik dari kata talion, memang hukum Lex Talionis mengandaikan adanya pembalasan secara tuntas. Tetapi melalui tafsir dan penggalian makna, khususnya dalam Keluaran 21:22-25, ditemukan unsur utama dalam hukum Lex Talionis; yang tidak menunjuk pada upaya pembalasan (dendam) secara tuntas, tetapu justru menunjuk pada aspek keadilan Allah dalam menanggapi setiap kasus hukum yang berlaku di antara manusia. Dengan demikian hukum Lex Talionis bukan lagi dipandang sebagai hukum pembalasan, melainkan hukum keadilan yang memungkinkan jenis hukum ini diimplementasikan dalam kehidupan masa kini. Hasil penelitian yang menggunakan metoda tafsir narasi dan dikombinasikan dengan kritik teks menghasilkan sebuah pemahaman bahwa hukum Lex Talionis memiliki implikasi praktis, khususnya mengenai nilai keadilan sosial yang bisa diajukan kepada si pelaku ketidakadilan melalui pengadilan, sehingga akan tercipta keadilan yang memang diharapkan.
PENGARUH INFLASI, TINGKAT SUKU BUNGA, DAN NILAI TUKAR TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI INDONESIA
Authors: Susanto Susanto
Published: September 2019

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh inflasi, tingkat suku bunga, dan nilai tukar terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia tahun 1996 sampai dengan tahun 2016. Metode penelitian menggunakan analisis regresi dan korelasi berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara parsial maupun secara simultan variabel inflasi, tingkat suku bunga, dan nilai tukar berpengaruh signifikan terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi. Besarnya nilai koefisien korelasi (R) sebesar 0,926 yang berarti menunjukkan adanya korelasi/hubungan yang sangat kuat antara inflasi, tingkat suku bunga, dan nilai tukar terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia. Besarnya nilai adjusted coeficient of determination (adjusted R2) adalah 0,831 atau 83,1% yang berarti variabel-variabel bebas dapat menerangkan perubahan pada variabel pertumbuhan ekonomi sebesar 83,1% sedangkan sisanya sebesar 16,9% diterangkan oleh faktor-faktor lain diluar penelitian ini.
Pendidikan Karakter Terintegrasi Keterampilan Abad Ke-21
Authors: Zubaidah Siti
Published: September 2019

[Title: The 21st Century Skills Integration on Character Education]. Various cases carried out by teenagers require serious handling with a variety of strategies, including through character education. Character education does not mean reducing or replacing "traditional" educational goals such as the accumulation of knowledge and the development of intellectual and practical abilities. Character education is carried out integrated into every subject and requires the support of all parties: parents, teachers, schools, education staff, the daily community of students and of course the government. The development of character can be understood in a model, including the Neo-Aristotelian Model. Good character education will not only affect well being and good character, but also good academic ability. Character education is not something new, and it is not separated from the 21st-century skill-building needed today.
Pembelajaran Inovatif Abad Ke-21
Authors: Muhali Muhali
Published: September 2019

[Title: The 21st Century Innovative Learning]. The 21st-century education paradigm has experienced a shift marked by differences in learning orientations. The learning of the previous century emphasized literacy in reading, writing, and mathematics, wherein the 21st century they were used as the basis for developing new literacy, namely human, data and technological literacy which is very important to face the current and future globalization era. Innovative learning in the 21st century is oriented towards activities to practice essential skills according to the framework for 21st-century skills, namely life and career skills, innovation and learning skills, and information, media and ICT skills. Learning characteristics to train these essential skills, lead to learning processes that are interactive, holistic, integrative, scientific, contextual, thematic, effective, collaborative, and student-centred so that in their implementation educators can design activities by selecting learning methods/models that can accommodate overall characteristics are comprehensive. Assessment in 21st century learning is compiled and developed to measure student learning achievement which includes knowledge competencies (critical thinking and problem solving, creativity and innovation, collaboration, communication), intrapersonal competencies (work skills in teams, collaboration, communication, cooperation, and coordination), and interpersonal competence (the ability to work with others such as the ability to self-management, cooperation, effective communication, and the ability to maintain relationships with others emotionally). Thus, innovative learning in the 21st century creates human resources that are literate with information, data and technology that are needed to face the competition for life and the labour market in the current and future globalization era.
ANÁLISE DA COMPREENSÃO SOBRE FORMAÇÃO DE PROFESSORES DESENVOLVIDA POR PÓS-GRADUANDOS DA ÁREA DE ENSINO DE MATEMÁTICA
Authors: Proença Marcelo Carlos de
Published: September 2019

O objetivo foi analisar a compreensão sobre formação de professores desenvolvida por pós-graduandos. Participaram da pesquisa, oito pós-graduandos da área de Ensino de Matemática, matriculados em uma disciplina sobre formação de professores que ensinam Matemática. Após as aulas dessa disciplina, aplicamos um questionário com duas perguntas. Os resultados mostraram que a compreensão dos participantes sobre formação de professores resultou em três ideias importantes: como desenvolvimento profissional, como constituição de saberes docentes, e como valorização da prática. No caso da compreensão sobre as lacunas na formação inicial de professores, os resultados mostraram que os participantes apontaram a necessidade de reestruturação de saberes pedagógicos edisciplinarese de rever a formação do formador. Já sobre as lacunas na formação continuada de professores, a compreensão dos participantes revelou a necessidade de um reequilíbrio teórico-práticoe de entender a profissão professor como formação contínua. Concluímos que as compreensões desenvolvidas pelos pós-graduandos situam a formação de professores como um processo que deve ocorrer ao longo da carreira docente e que as lacunas apontadas indicam, em síntese, a necessidade da construção dialética entre teoria e prática.
O ENSINO DE MATEMÁTICA PARA SURDOS E PESQUISAS BRASILEIRAS: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA CATEGORIZADA A PARTIR DE PERIÓDICOS CIENTÍFICOS
Authors: Borges Fábio Alexandre , Rossi Eduardo Mateus Guimarães
Published: September 2019

Apresentamos uma pesquisa bibliográfica acerca da inclusão educacional de surdos e o ensino de Matemática, realizada por meio de buscas em periódicos científicos brasileiros relacionados ao campo da Educação Matemática e da Educação Especial. Nosso objetivo principal foi o de investigar que aspectos estão sendo destacados nessas pesquisas, reunindo também subsídios teóricos para aqueles que se interessem pela temática. Como critério de seleção dos periódicos, os mesmos deveriam ser brasileiros, com publicações do tipo online e voltados especificamente para o campo de investigação em Educação Matemática ou Educação Especial, o que resultou em 20 periódicos no momento das buscas (2017). Para a busca dos textos, utilizamos as palavras-chave: “surdos”, “surdez” e “inclusão” para os periódicos de Educação Matemática e “matemática” para os periódicos de Educação Especial, sempre optando pelas buscas dos respectivos termos nos títulos dos artigos. Além disso, nosso recorte foi para artigos publicados entre os anos de 2010 e 2016. A busca resultou em um corpus de 19 artigos. Após a leitura dos textos, os mesmos foram categorizados baseados nos objetivos gerais de cada pesquisa. Dentre as categorias definidas, destacamos: os principais níveis, modalidades de ensino e conceitos que estão sendo investigados; a valorização das atividades que destaquem o aspecto visual.
Needs Analysis on the Improvement of English for Informatics Courses Based on the Perception of Non-English Teachers of State Polytechnic of Malang
Authors: Asri Atiqah Nurul , Ulfa Farida , Suryadi Satrio Binusa
Published: September 2019

The purpose of the present study was to reveal the needs analysis commissioned by the Information Technology Department regarding the non-English teachersâ€™ perceptions on the teaching and learning practices of the English language in the department. The study employed an online questionnaire and interview to 23 IT teachers. The questionnaire covered  the five categories, namely English Language Teaching at IT Department, Language Skills and Components, Teaching Learning Activities, Teaching Skills, IT related topics should be included and Assessments. It used Likert Scale ranging from 1-4 showing disagree to really agree. In addition, the interview utilized a prompt designed beforehand to get the necessary advice to formulate appropriate English language materials for IT students. The results revealed that the teachers needed a more efficient course design and development covering the design of the course syllabus, the creation of activities and materials, and the evaluation of learner progress. They are expected to provide insights as the basis for the improvement both on the teaching preparation and practices
An Observational Study for Grain Dynamics in the AS 209 Disk with Submillimeter Polarization*
Authors: Mori Tomohiro , Kataoka Akimasa , Ohashi Satoshi , Momose Munetake , Muto Takayuki , Nagai Hiroshi , Tsukagoshi Takashi
Published: September 2019

We present an 870 μm Atacama Large Millimeter Array polarization observation toward the Class II protoplanetary disk around AS 209, which has concentric, multiple gaps and rings. We successfully detect the polarized emission and find that the polarization orientations and fractions have distinct characteristics between the inner and outer regions. In the inner region, the polarization orientations are parallel to the minor axis of the disk, which is consistent with the self-scattering model. The mean polarization fraction in the region is ∼0.2%, which is lower than the expected value when the grains have the maximum polarization efficiency, which corresponds to λ/2π ∼ 140 μm in grain radius. In the outer region, we detect ∼1.0% polarization and find that the polarization orientations are almost in the azimuthal directions. Moreover, the polarization orientations have systematic angular deviations from the azimuthal directions with Δθ ∼ 4.°5 ± 1.°6. The pattern is consistent with a model in which radially drifting dust grains are aligned by the gas flow against the dust grains. We consider possible scenarios of the grain dynamics at the AS 209 ring that can reproduce the polarization pattern. However, the directions of the observed angular deviations are opposite to what is predicted based on the fact that the disk rotates clockwise. This raises a question regarding our understanding of the alignment processes and/or grain dynamics in protoplanetary disks.
Numerical Simulations of an Initially Top-hat Jet and the Afterglow of GW170817/GRB170817A
Authors: Gill Ramandeep , Granot Jonathan , Colle Fabio De , Urrutia Gerardo
Published: September 2019

The afterglow of GRB 170817A/GW170817 was very unusual, slowly rising as

, peaking at

days, and sharply decaying as

. Very-long-baseline interferometry observations revealed an unresolved radio afterglow image whose flux centroid apparently moved superluminally with v
app ≈ 4c between 75 and 230 days, clearly indicating that the afterglow was dominated by a relativistic jet’s compact core. Different jet angular structures successfully explained the afterglow light curves: Gaussian and steep power-law profiles with narrow core angles θ

c
 ≲ 5° and significantly larger viewing angles θ
obs/θ

c
 ∼ 3−5. However, a top-hat jet (THJ; conical with sharp edges at θ = θ
0) was ruled out because it appeared to produce an early flux rise much steeper (

with a ≳ 3) than observed. Using 2D relativistic hydrodynamic simulations of an initially THJ, we show that the initial steep flux rise is an artifact caused by the simulation’s finite start time, t
0, missing its flux contributions from t < t
0 and sometimes “compensated” using an analytic THJ.  While an initially THJ is not very physical, such simulations are particularly useful at

when the afterglow emission is dominated by the jet’s core and becomes insensitive to its exact initial angular profile if it drops off sharply outside of the core. We demonstrate that an initially THJ fits GW170817/GRB 170817A’s afterglow light curves and flux centroid motion at

, for θ
obs/θ
0 ≈ 3 and may also fit the earlier light curves for Γ0 = Γ(t
0) ≳ 102.5. We analytically express the degeneracies between the model parameters, and find a minimal jet energy of

erg and circumburst medium density of

.
WISE Discovery of Mid-infrared Variability in Massive Young Stellar Objects
Authors: Uchiyama Mizuho , Ichikawa Kohei
Published: September 2019

We systematically investigate the mid-infrared (MIR; λ > 3 μm) time variability of uniformly selected ∼800 massive young stellar objects (MYSOs) from the Red Midcourse Space Experiment Source survey. Out of the 806 sources, we obtain reliable 9 yr long MIR magnitude variability data of 331 sources at the 3.4 μm (W1) and 4.6 μm (W2) bands by cross-matching the MYSO positions with ALLWISE and NEOWISE catalogs. After applying the variability selections using ALLWISE data, we identify five MIR-variable candidates. The light curves show various classes, with the periodic, plateau-like, and dipper features. Out of the obtained two color–magnitude diagram of W1 and W1−W2, one shows “bluer when brighter and redder when fainter” trends in variability, suggesting change in extinction or accretion rate. Finally, our results show that G335.9960−00.8532 (hereafter, G335) has a periodic light curve, with an ≈690 day cycle. Spectral energy density model fitting results indicate that G335 is a relatively evolved MYSO; thus, we may be witnessing the very early stages of a hyper- or ultra-compact H ii region, a key source for understanding MYSO evolution.
How Galactic Environment Affects the Dynamical State of Molecular Clouds and Their Star Formation Efficiency
Authors: Schruba Andreas , Kruijssen J. M. Diederik , Leroy Adam K.
Published: September 2019

We investigate how the dynamical state of molecular clouds relates to host galaxy environment and how this impacts the star formation efficiency (SFE) in the Milky Way and seven nearby galaxies. We compile measurements of molecular cloud and host galaxy properties, and determine mass-weighted mean cloud properties for entire galaxies and distinct subregions within. We find molecular clouds to be in ambient pressure-balanced virial equilibrium, where clouds in gas-rich, molecular-dominated, high-pressure regions are close to self-virialization, whereas clouds in gas-poor, atomic-dominated, low-pressure environments achieve a balance between their internal kinetic pressure and external pressure from the ambient medium. The SFE per free-fall time of molecular clouds is low, ∼0.1%–1%, and shows systematic variations of 2 dex as a function of the virial parameter and host galactic environment. The trend observed for clouds in low-pressure environments—as the solar neighborhood—is well matched by state-of-the-art turbulence-regulated models of star formation. However, these models substantially overpredict the low observed SFEs of clouds in high-pressure environments, which suggest the importance of additional physical parameters not yet considered by these models.
HACC Cosmological Simulations: First Data Release
Authors: Heitmann Katrin , Uram Thomas D. , Finkel Hal , Frontiere Nicholas , Habib Salman , Pope Adrian , Rangel Esteban , Hollowed Joseph , Korytov Danila , Larsen Patricia , Allen Benjamin S. , Chard Kyle , Foster Ian
Published: September 2019

We describe the first major public data release from cosmological simulations carried out with Argonne’s HACC code. This initial release covers a range of data sets from large gravity-only simulations. The data products include halo information for multiple redshifts, downsampled particles, and lightcone outputs. We provide data from two very large ΛCDM simulations as well as beyond-ΛCDM simulations spanning 11

cosmologies. Our release platform uses Petrel, a research data service, located at the Argonne Leadership Computing Facility. Petrel offers fast data transfer mechanisms and authentication via Globus, enabling simple and efficient access to stored data sets. Easy browsing of the available data products is provided via a web portal that allows the user to navigate simulation products efficiently. The data hub will be extended by adding more types of data products and by enabling computational capabilities to allow direct interactions with simulation results.
The Hubble Legacy Field GOODS-S Photometric Catalog
Authors: Whitaker Katherine E. , Ashas Mohammad , Illingworth Garth , Magee Daniel , Leja Joel , Oesch Pascal , van Dokkum Pieter , Mowla Lamiya , Bouwens Rychard , Franx Marijn , Holden Bradford , Labbé Ivo , Rafelski Marc , Teplitz Harry , Gonzalez Valentino
Published: September 2019

This manuscript describes the public release of the Hubble Legacy Fields (HLF) project photometric catalog for the extended GOODS-South region from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) archival program AR-13252. The analysis is based on the version 2.0 HLF data release that now includes all ultraviolet (UV) imaging, combining three major UV surveys. The HLF data combines over a decade worth of 7475 exposures taken in 2635 orbits totaling 6.3 Ms with the HST Advanced Camera for Surveys Wide Field Channel (ACS/WFC) and the Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) UVIS/IR Channels in the greater GOODS-S extragalactic field, covering all major observational efforts (e.g., GOODS, GEMS, CANDELS, ERS, UVUDF, and many other programs; see Illingworth et al.). The HLF GOODS-S catalogs include photometry in 13 bandpasses from the UV (WFC3/UVIS F225W, F275W, and F336W filters), optical (ACS/WFC F435W, F606W, F775W, F814W and F850LP filters), to near-infrared (WFC3/IR F098M, F105W, F125W, F140W and F160W filters). Such a data set makes it possible to construct the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of objects over a wide wavelength range from high-resolution mosaics that are largely contiguous. Here, we describe a photometric analysis of 186,474 objects in the HST imaging at wavelengths 0.2–1.6 μm. We detect objects from an ultra-deep image combining the PSF-homogenized and noise-equalized F850LP, F125W, F140W, and F160W images, including Gaia astrometric corrections. SEDs were determined by carefully taking the effects of the point-spread function in each observation into account. All of the data presented herein are available through the HLF website (https://archive.stsci.edu/prepds/hlf/).
Did GW170817 Harbor a Pulsar?
Authors: Ramirez-Ruiz Enrico , Andrews Jeff J. , Schrøder Sophie L.
Published: September 2019

If the progenitor of GW170817 harbored a pulsar, then a Poynting flux dominated bow-shock cavity would have been expected to form around the traveling binary. The characteristic size of this evacuated region depends strongly on the spin-down evolution of the pulsar companion, which in turn depends on the merging timescale of the system. If this evacuated region is able to grow to a sufficiently large scale, then the deceleration of the jet, and thus the onset of the afterglow, would be noticeably delayed. The first detection of afterglow emission, which was uncovered 9.2 days after the γ-ray burst trigger, can thus be used to constrain the size of a preexisting pulsar-wind cavity. We use this information, together with a model of the jet to place limits on the presence of a pulsar in GW170817 and discuss the derived constraints in the context of the observed double neutron star binary population. We find that the majority of Galactic systems that are close enough to merge within a Hubble time would have carved a discernibly large pulsar-wind cavity, inconsistent with the onset timescale of the X-ray afterglow of GW170817. Conversely, the recently detected system J1913+1102, which hosts a low-luminosity pulsar, provides a congruous Milky Way analog of GW170817's progenitor model. This study highlights the potential of the proposed observational test for gaining insight into the origin of double neutron star binaries, in particular if the properties of Galactic systems are representative of the overall merging population.
Morphological and genetic diversity of two individual forms of Euphaedra eberti (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)
Authors: Zúbrik Milan , Picq Sandrine , Oremans Philippe , Nisole Audrey , Tremblay Sophie , Cusson Michel , Panigaj Ľubomír , Mikitová Barbora , Bollino Maurizio
Published: September 2019

A total of 385 Euphaedra eberti Aurivillius, 1898, adults collected between 2012 and 2018 in the vicinity of Bangui, Central African Republic, were examined for intraspecific morphological variability, genetic diversity and genitalia structure. The species shows significant wing pattern variability. Two main morphotypes were identified in the set: the nominate form eberti, and the one comprising specimens with a red patch, form rubromaculata. However, both forms had similar genitalic structures and shared some specific wing marks, in addition to displaying the same COI (i.e., barcode region of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene) haplotype, strongly suggesting that the two morphologically distinct forms belong to the same species, E. eberti. The causes of this variability remain unclear.
La mesure des classes sociales par les nomenclatures : enjeux, problèmes et débats
Authors: Bouchet-Valat Milan , Jayet Cyril
Published: September 2019

L’article présente et discute les théories contemporaines des classes sociales qui ont donné lieu à une mesure sous la forme d’une classification ou d’une nomenclature socioprofessionnelle ou socio-économique. Nous en dressons d’abord un état des lieux, puis nous examinons et discutons sept grands problèmes que pose la construction de ces classifications et nomenclatures.
Où trouver les grandes classes sociales ? Prospections sur les professions et les ménages en France
Authors: Sinthon Rémi
Published: September 2019

Les grandes classes sociales dont parlent régulièrement les sociologues en France, bourgeoisie, classes populaires ou autres, sont plus souvent invoquées qu’objectivées. L’article construit un dispositif empirique capable de tester leur pertinence sociologique tout en évitant de présupposer partiellement cette pertinence. Ces grandes classes sociales sont recherchées dans les données de l’Insee sur la société française contemporaine. À l’échelle des professions, les enquêtes Emploi (2008-2016) montrent la trace d’une division ternaire entre métiers valorisés, dévalorisés et intermédiaires, ainsi que d’une quatrième catégorie parallèle des professions indépendantes – mais c’est bien davantage la gradation entre statuts professionnels qui frappe que ces coupures. À l’échelle des ménages, l’enquête Budget de famille (2011) ne montre aucune trace de discontinuité et suggère que même si la cause pourrait en être l’imprécision de la mesure, alors ce ne serait pas les classes traditionnelles qui apparaîtraient.
Le diplôme et la profession : deux composantes de la classe sociale en France et en Allemagne
Authors: Vallot Pauline
Published: September 2019

À travers une comparaison franco-allemande, cet article s’attache à montrer comment les classements scolaires et professionnels s’articulent, et quelles nuances nationales cela produit dans les modalités d’accès et d’identification aux classes supérieures. L’analyse se fonde sur un usage réflexif de la nomenclature socio-économique européenne ESeG et des Labour Force Surveys conduits en 2011. En France, l’allongement des études associé à l’instabilité du marché du travail a conduit à un affaiblissement du lien entre le diplôme et la profession chez les femmes, ainsi qu’à une accumulation de titres scolaires par les cadres des deux sexes. En Allemagne au contraire, les femmes et les hommes des professions intellectuelles supérieures ont conservé le monopole de la légitimité académique liée aux études supérieures longues. Finalement, nous montrons que les résultats sont cohérents avec les façons différenciées de catégoriser ordinairement les classes supérieures à l’échelle nationale.
Les classes populaires sont-elles (les plus) populistes ? Attitudes populistes et vote radical lors de l’élection présidentielle de 2017
Authors: Alexandre Chloé , Gonthier Frédéric , Guerra Tristan
Published: September 2019

Cet article examine les classes populaires en France sous l’angle des attitudes populistes et du vote pour les partis radicaux auxquels elles sont couramment associées. Il propose une opérationnalisation originale des milieux populaires par la technique statistique de l’analyse en classes latentes (ACL). Avec une enquête post-électorale incluant des mesures fines de précarité, on isole trois fractions distinctes : le précariat, les classes populaires retraitées et les travailleurs pauvres. On met en évidence que si les catégories populaires sont très homogènes dans leurs attitudes populistes, elles diffèrent plus fortement les unes des autres dans leurs comportements électoraux. Ce faisant, on souligne l’importance d’une lecture multidimensionnelle des classes populaires pour la compréhension de leur rapport au politique.
Le paysage du Grand Tour , du pittoresque au sublime
Authors: Commetti Henri
Published: September 2019

Le Grand Tour qui fixera pour toute l’aristocratie britannique l’idéal de l’homme de culture ouvre le regard sur la géographie du monde. L’analyse de l’éducation esthétique dont il est le support révèle bien autre chose : non la découverte d’une extériorité, mais l’entretien d’une vie de l’imagination nourrie des images intérieures de l’esprit. Le « paysage » du Grand Tour fournit ainsi une nouvelle occasion de revenir sur les incertitudes qui en entourent la notion, là-même où il paraîtrait frappé d’évidence.
La transgression paysagère
Authors: Balibar Justine
Published: September 2019

L’esthétique occidentale du paysage est construite sur le fond d’une dualité entre le réel et la représentation : d’un côté le paysage que nous parcourons avec nos yeux et notre corps dans l’espace physique, d’un autre côté le paysage représenté dans des images de tout type. Cette dualité est traditionnellement interprétée selon un rapport hiérarchique : le paysage représenté constituerait l’origine et le modèle de l’expérience des paysages réels. Mais il existe d’autres façons de comprendre cette dualité : l’une des formes possibles de l’expérience paysagère consiste en effet à passer du paysage réel au paysage représenté et vice versa , ce passage soulevant le problème de la différence ontologique entre le monde réel et le monde de la représentation et pouvant être à ce titre défini comme une transgression.
La mettrie en miroir
Authors: Missé Blanca
Published: September 2019

Le matérialisme de La Mettrie a été longtemps réduit à un cartésianisme renversé. Cependant, après une génération de critiques qui ont repensé les rapports de Marx et du matérialisme à Spinoza, et à la suite de la lecture de Francine Markovits, on peut réinscrire La Mettrie dans la lignée du matérialisme critique. Ici, le matérialisme lammettrien se trouve organisé autour de la métaphore de la philosophie comme miroir, menant jusqu’au bout une critique de la position sujet à travers une histoire naturelle de la vue et du voir. La philosophie matérialiste est redéfinie par sa capacité à produire un effet de miroir, c’est-à-dire de produire un texte-surface de réflexion et réfraction critique des autres discours qui l’entourent (la morale, la théologie, la politique). Elle se veut aussi le lieu de construction et déconstruction spéculaire du soi ou du sujet, et le lieu d’exploration de la forme ou esthétique du discours philosophique lui-même.
Del Sistema al Prototipo y viceversa (el caso de la GBH + INVISO)
Authors: Guardiola Arnanz J. , Reyes González J. M.
Published: September 2019

La mayoría de las viviendas industriales famosas del SXX no son solo eso (prototipos individuales): forman parte de un sistema general de grado muy superior para ponerlo a prueba. Se demuestra en este artículo como el recorrido en esta clase de concepción productiva no se efectúa “desde el prototipo al sistema” por una simple adición del modelo; al contrario, estos prototipos resultan del camino inverso, para luego sí, servir como feed-back.

Se muestran 5 antecedentes históricos dentro de este recorrido, y se analizan más a fondo el Primer premio del concurso INVIso y la casa GBH. De su estudio se derivan algunas conclusiones en cuanto a la relación entre la Teoría General de Sistemas y las premisas que la Industrialización Abierta confiere a los Sistemas construidos a partir de componentes compatibles (S.3c), como la flexibilidad, o el reciclaje, y la manera de conseguir que estas se cumplan mediante procedimientos probados.
Cubiertas históricas planas de tierra en el mediterráneo. Investigación para la caracterización del comportamiento hídrico de los materiales de las cubiertas de Ibiza
Authors: Escudero Lafont M. E. , García Morales S.
Published: September 2019

Las cubiertas planas de tierra históricas se han descrito constructivamente por numerosos autores. Sin embargo, no se ha realizado un estudio científico de su comportamiento hídrico. Al ser una tipología extendida por los cinco continentes, este artículo se centra en las cubiertas de Ibiza y en las de las zonas que cultural e históricamente han tenido relación: España y África Bereber. Se compara y analiza el comportamiento de los materiales utilizados en la cubierta ante la lluvia, realizando ensayos de laboratorio para determinar la capacidad de infiltración y capacidad de campo de los materiales, especialmente de la última capa de la cubierta, caracterizando así cuantitativamente la impermeabilidad de las margas de Ibiza y explicando su buen comportamiento respecto a la lluvia.
Gestión de riesgos de costes de posconstrucción en edificios residenciales en alquiler
Authors: Fernández-Valderrama P. , Moyano J. J. , Chaza M. R.
Published: September 2019

El coste de posconstrucción de los edificios representa una parte fundamental del coste en su ciclo de vida, por tanto su control es fundamental para lograr la sostenibilidad económica de un inmueble.

Esta investigación propone un modelo para identificar, analizar y evaluar el riesgo de incrementos de coste de posconstrucción en edificios residenciales destinados al alquiler. Para su desarrollo recurrimos a valoraciones de expertos y a la experimentación del modelo en diferentes inmuebles. Empleamos las técnicas de entrevista semiestructurada (83 en total) y método Delphi, con la particularidad en este último de sustituir los formularios de consulta por entrevistas, incrementando así la calidad de los datos.

El modelo propone una escala para graduar el nivel de riesgo del edificio, comprendido entre mínimo-máximo de 36 a 109. Los resultados de la investigación ponen de manifiesto que a partir del valor 75 el nivel de riesgo se considera inasumible.
Análisis de los fenómenos de estallido y exfoliación en piezas prefabricadas pretensadas no convencionales
Authors: Rueda Contreras J. , Fernández Montes D. , González Valle E.
Published: September 2019

El presente artículo profundiza en los fenómenos de estallido y exfoliación producidos en elementos pretesos, centrándose en piezas sin armadura transversal y con configuración no convencional. Partiendo de casos de patología documentados, se analizan ambos fenómenos. Se estudian los medios disponibles de predicción y evaluación de las tensiones asociadas, analizando la validez de su uso. Para este último fin, se realiza un estudio mediante Elementos Finitos, localizándose parámetros geométricos y mecánicos relevantes. Finalmente, se concluye con la exposición de puntos fundamentales para el correcto tratamiento del estallido y la exfoliación en este tipo de piezas, pero que no han sido suficientemente desarrollados en la bibliografía o en las normas y códigos aplicables.
Cuantificación porcentual de los daños existentes en los revestimientos interiores de las viviendas españolas
Authors: Carretero-Ayuso M. J. , Moreno-Cansado A.
Published: September 2019

Los revestimientos interiores son de las unidades constructivas que más interrelación tienen con los usuarios, dada su cercanía de uso con éstos. Esta investigación se centra en la determinación de los daños más usuales en los alicatados, enfoscados, guarnecidos, falsos techos y solados interiores, obtenidos en el conjunto de España a partir de los requerimientos presentados por los usuarios. Se determinan también cuáles son los orígenes que motivan estas deficiencias, así como la presencia que tienen las mismas en función del formato constructivo en donde tienen lugar (viviendas en bloque o unifamiliares). A partir de los datos manejados se presentan los grupos de daños más característicos, así como un procedimiento para determinar la probabilidad ante futuros requerimientos, en función de una matriz ponderada que clasifica la correspondencia entre los 4 descriptores manejados. El conocimiento de los resultados obtenidos ayudará a los técnicos a minimizar los daños en estas unidades constructivas.
Railway Ballast Fouling Detection Using GPR Data: Introducing a Combined Time–Frequency and Discrete Wavelet Techniques
Authors: Al‐Qadi Imad L. , Zhao Shan , Shangguan Pengcheng
Published: September 2019

Ground‐penetrating radar has been recently used for quantifying railway ballast fouling conditions. This paper discusses two approaches for processing the railway ballast ground‐penetrating radar signal: the discrete wavelet transform method and the short‐time Fourier transform method. Ground‐penetrating radar field data collected in Wyoming in 2007 by two 2‐GHz air‐coupled antennas were used to verify both approaches. The collected ground‐penetrating radar signals were processed by discrete wavelet transform. The signal standard deviation values were fitted by linear regression of the fouling indices, which were calculated using ground‐truth sieving data. The spectrogram generated by short‐time Fourier transform was used to analyse the ballast fouling condition level by comparing the energy attenuation speed. It was observed that both discrete wavelet transform and short‐time Fourier transform approaches can be used to analyse ballast fouling conditions. The short‐time Fourier transform method is easier to visualize, whereas the discrete wavelet transform approach can more quantitatively predict the fouling level. However, the discrete wavelet transform method provides the fouling condition of the whole ballast layer, whereas the spectrogram provides the fouling condition with respect to the depth profile.
Step‐frequency ground‐penetrating‐radar array calibration requirements to estimate dielectric properties of pavements
Authors: Gagarin Nicolas , Mekemson James
Published: September 2019

During the past decade, ground penetrating radar has emerged as a viable non‐destructive testing technology for quality control and quality assurance during pavement construction and for the infrastructure subsurface condition assessment. Data are collected with the ground penetrating radar antenna array attached to a vehicle travelling along the road. With ground penetrating radar data, there is a corresponding need to follow strict protocols both in data collection and data processing, especially for antenna arrays. The key to successful data measurements is the application of calibra‐tion procedures appropriate to the hardware system, measurement protocols, and desired measurement statistic or parameter. This paper presents four primary calibration procedures required for ground penetrating radar antenna arrays with actual case application using an air‐coupled step‐frequency ground penetrating radar array. These calibration procedures for a step‐frequency ground penetrating radar antenna array are applied to produce the ground penetrating radar signal foundation for estimating the dielectric properties of materials in a layered highway pavement structure. In addition, a complete solution space is required to identify all layer interfaces and buried objects.
Multiwave Gaussian beam prestack depth migration of exploration‐scale seismic data with complex near‐surface effects
Authors: Han Jianguang , Wang Yun , Yu Changqing
Published: September 2019

The direct prestack depth migration methods of nonplanar data provide effective ways to address the complex near‐surface problem. Based on the study of local slant stacks considering the elevation and dip angle information of an irregular surface, an alternative method for multiwave Gaussian beam prestack depth migration of exploration‐scale seismic data with complex near‐surface effects is presented here. We first derive the downward‐continued wavefield for an irregular surface in terms of Gaussian beams, where we directly decompose the seismic records within a Gaussian window into a local plane‐wave component. The PP‐ and PS‐wave Gaussian beam prestack depth migration methods under complex near‐surface conditions are then presented, after the wavefield separation is performed with an affine coordinate‐system transform. Tests with numerical examples demonstrate the accuracy and effectiveness of the method.
Comparison between thermal airborne remote sensing, multi‐depth electrical resistivity profiling, and soil mapping: an example from Beauce (Loiret, France)
Authors: Pasquier Catherine , Bourennane Hocine , Cousin Isabelle , Séger Maud , Dabas Michel , Thiesson Julien , Tabbagh Julien
Published: September 2019

A wide variety of remote sensing and ground‐based (proximal sensing) methods have been developed to describe soil physical properties and their lateral variations. Remote sensing enables the estimation of soil properties over large areas, but the information is often limited to the soil surface. Ground‐based methods enable the derivation of soil properties for the whole soil column thickness, although these methods cannot be conducted over large areas. The aim of the present study is to contribute to the assessment of the efficacy of airborne thermal prospection over bare soils in soil mapping. This study focuses on a comparison between this technique, which can investigate over the whole soil column thickness after a sufficiently long transient heat exchange period, and pedo‐logical and electrical resistivity data that were recorded for three different depths of investigation.

The study area is located in the Beauce region, where the soils (haplic Calcisol or calcaric Cambisol) consist of a loamy–clay layer that is 0.3 m–1.4 m thick and overlies Tertiary Beauce limestone. Thermal measurements were recorded by ARIES radiometer in December, after six days of heat loss from the ground. The investigation depth could thus be considered to be larger than the thickness of the ploughed layer. Comparisons using statistical analyses between the thermal measurements, electrical resistivity, and pedological data demonstrated that: (i) the spatial organization of the thermal inertia map is similar to the spatial organization of the 0‐m to 1.7‐m resistivity map; and (ii) the thermal apparent inertia values are significantly different between the haplic Calcisols and the calcaric Cambisols and can thus be mapped with a high spatial resolution over large areas. The applicability of thermal prospecting in soil mapping opens up many possibilities considering the present advances in light‐infrared radiometers. Beside agronomical concerns, this methodology will also facilitate progress in engineering applications, including the cross‐estimation of electrical and thermal properties.
Locating mofettes using seismic noise records from small dense arrays and matched field processing analysis in the NW Bohemia/Vogtland Region, Czech Republic
Authors: Flores Estrella Hortencia , Umlauft Josefine , Schmidt Andreas , Korn Michael
Published: September 2019

The NW Bohemia/Vogtland region is characterized by currently ongoing geodynamic processes within the intracontinental lithospheric mantle. Among others, this activity results in the occurrence of mid‐crustal earthquake swarms and CO2 degassing zones called mofettes. These two natural phenomena are related to each other since it is considered that fluid flow and fluid‐induced effective stress can trigger earthquake swarms. At the Earth’s surface, they appear spatially separated, but their connection could be explained by the existence of pathways within the crust that allow efficient and permanent fluid transport. However, neither the structure nor the position of such pathways has been imaged yet.

With this background, we used a matched field processing analysis within the NW Bohemia/Vogtland region to locate mofettes and investigate their characteristics. Considering the CO2 degassing process as a high‐frequency noise source, we chose two different test sites: the Dolní Částkov Borehole, which is an artificial mofette that we used to validate the method, and the South Hartoušov mofette field, a natural CO2 degassing area. On both sites, we measured seismic noise in a continuous mode for several hours (7 hours to 9 hours), with a sampling frequency of 250 samples/second, in multiple campaigns using an array of about 60 × 60 m2 with approximately 30 randomly distributed stations.

For the matched field processing computation, the phase velocity of the study area is required, which we obtained from active seismic experiments with vertical hammer‐blow as the source. The phase velocity varies between 200 m/s and 420 m/s for Dolní Částkov and between 100 m/s and 280 m/s for South Hartoušov, both in a frequency range of 7 Hz–60 Hz.

With the matched field processing analysis at the artificial mofette in Dolní Částkov, we could relocate the noise source successfully. In the South Hartoušov mofette field, we detected one dominant vertically extended noise source, probably a fluid pathway, as well as a small matched field processing maxima at the surface that can be related to a dry mofette.
Detection of geological structures using impact‐driven piling as a seismic source
Authors: Farmani Bagher , Kitterød Nils‐Otto , Gundersen Elisabeth
Published: September 2019

Seismic imaging during piling may reduce construction costs in sensitive areas, and combined with technology to look ahead of the pile tip, the risk of stopping the piling before reaching the bedrock may be reduced. Seismic images obtained during piling can give vital information about the subsurface structure in the vicinity of the pile. In this paper, we discuss how to produce seismic images as a part of the piling procedure without using any external seismic sources. Using surface and borehole synthetic data examples, we show that it is possible to use pressure (P) waves emitted from the pile tip for imaging purposes. A pilot field study was carried out to test the feasibility of this method. The field study revealed that high‐frequency pressure waves are emitted from the pile tip. However, they are masked by strong surface and shear waves, especially at the nearer offsets. The data processing approach allowed us to achieve reasonable signal‐to‐noise ratio for pressure waves at the further offsets, while the signal was not as well recovered at the nearer offsets. This study demonstrates that it is possible to acquire fair‐quality signals without using any seismic source other than the impact on the pile itself. More field data are needed and some acquisition procedures need to be optimized before the method can be applied for practical imaging.