bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Логарифмические уравнения и их системы
Authors: Талканбаев Мухтар
Published: May 2024

Логарифмические уравнения и их системы являются основополагающими элементами математического анализа и имеют широкое применение в различных дисциплинах, таких как физика, инженерное дело, финансы и информатика. В этом реферате представлен обзор логарифмических уравнений, исследуются их свойства, методы решения и практическое применение. В нем обсуждается важность логарифмических уравнений при моделировании явлений экспоненциального роста и затухания, а также при решении задач, связанных со сложными математическими соотношениями. Кроме того, в аннотации рассматриваются проблемы, связанные с решением систем логарифмических уравнений, и стратегии, используемые для их преодоления. Посредством теоретического анализа и иллюстративных примеров этот реферат поясняет значение логарифмических уравнений и их систем в контексте решения реальных задач. Понимая принципы и методы, связанные с логарифмическими уравнениями, исследователи и практики могут эффективно решать широкий спектр математических задач и способствовать прогрессу в различных областях исследований.
Rayimbek batyr: A Historiographical Analysis
Authors: Issayeva Oryngul
Published: May 2024

The article delves into the achievements of Rayimbek Batyr, who led the liberation movement in the eastern Jetysu region during the concluding years of the "Ak Taban Shubyrindі, Alkakol Sulama" period. Rayimbek emerges as a pivotal figure, dedicating his life to the collective liberation struggle of the Kazakh people. Central to his endeavors is the quest to free his homeland and alleviate the suffering of his people under the oppressive rule of the Jungars. Additionally, the study explores the historical sources provided by K. Sauranbayev concerning Khangeldi, the grandfather of the renowned warrior, shedding light on the loyal companions who accompanied him, including Bakay Batyr, Aralbay Batyr, Kopay Batyr, Satay Batyr, and Iryskeldi Batyr. Through an examination of Rayimbek's valiant efforts and the accounts of his contemporaries, this research offers insight into the historical context and the enduring legacy of his struggle for freedom.
SENTIDO DA VIDA E O PACIENTE TERMINAL EM CUIDADOS PALIATIVOS
Authors: D'Assumpção Oliveira Vilas Boas Amanda , Bernardes Guimarães Ana Cláudia
Published: May 2024

O objetivo geral desta pesquisa é abordar a relação entre sentido da vida e a terminalidade humana, fundamentado pela Logoteoria de Viktor Emil Frankl. Esta pesquisa foi baseada na metodologia bibliográfica exploratória como forma de coleta de dados e, posteriormente, realizada a análise de conteúdo destes dados. As seguintes categorias foram abordadas no decorrer do trabalho: 1) Processo de morrer: sofrimento, autonomia e espiritualidade. 2) Intervenções terapêuticas em Cuidados Paliativos: cuidar da integralidade do ser e o papel da Psicologia. A hipótese é que em condição de terminalidade, é possível que o paciente terminal encontre sentido da vida.
Navigating the waters of innovation: advancing in aquatic research and sustainability
Authors: Mustafa Kamal Abu Hena
Published: May 2024

Aquatic research and sustainability represent critical pillars in our collective efforts to safeguard the health and resilience of the planet’s aquatic ecosystems. Through rigorous scientific inquiry and innovative practices, researchers strive to unravel the complexities of aquatic environments, from the intricate dynamics of marine ecosystems to the delicate balance of freshwater habitats. Sustainable management approaches are essential to ensure the long-term viability of these invaluable resources, balancing human needs with the imperative to protect biodiversity and ecosystem services. From combating pollution and overfishing along with the impacts of climate change, aquatic research plays a pivotal role in informing evidence-based policies and practices aimed at preserving our oceans, rivers, and lakes for future generations. By fostering interdisciplinary collaboration, embracing emerging technologies, and promoting stakeholder engagement, we can collectively work towards a more sustainable future where the treasures of our aquatic world are cherished and protected.
Dynamics of quality and safety indicators of sunflower seed cleaning waste under the influence of fermentation
Authors: Миронова О.А. , Кармазин А.П. , Миронова А.А. , Зеленская Г.М. , Леснов А.П. , Миронова Л.П.
Published: May 2024

Получаемые при очистке семян подсолнечника на воздушно-ситовых сепараторах отходы имеют в своем составе крупные, мелкие и легкие примеси. Крупные органические примеси (остатки стеблей, листьев, корзинок, лузги и т.д.) относятся к сорной примеси и считаются непригодными к использованию в кормлении сельскохозяйственных животных. Однако они содержат много полезных питательных веществ: 224 г сырого жира, 132,01 г крахмала, 121 г сырого протеина, 6,03 г сахаров, а также высокий уровень обменной энергии и большой перечень макро- и микроэлементов, витаминов. С целью улучшения кормовых качеств и повышения биодоступности впервые была применена ферментация данных отходов. Установлено, что в продукте через 24 ч ферментации массовая доля жира в пересчете на сухое вещество в сравнении с исходным уровнем выросла на 78%, сырого протеина — на 10,3%, растворимых углеводов — на 29,4%, содержание крахмала повысилось на 29,4%, обменная энергия увеличилась на 21%. Все показатели биологической и химической безопасности после ферментации не превышали предельно допустимых значений.

The wastes of the sunflower seeds cleaned in the air-flow screen separators contain heavy-, middle-, and light-weight particles. The fraction of heavy-weight organic particles (residues of the stems, floret discs, leaves, husks) is usually considered unusable in animal nutrition. However, this fraction contains relatively large amounts of nutrients: 224 gof crude fat in 1 kg, 132.01 gof starch, 121 gof crude protein, 6.03 gof sugars, high level of metabolizable energy (ME), a wide range of macro- and microelements and vitamins. In the presented pioneer study the effectiveness of the fermentation of this fraction aimed at the improvement of its feed value and availability of the nutrients was examined. It was found that after 24-hr fermentation the percentage of crude fat in the dry matter of the resulting product increased by 78% as compared to the initial raw product, crude protein by 10.3%, water-soluble carbohydrates by 29.4%, starch by 29.4%, ME by 21.0%. All studied parameters of biological and chemical safety of the fermented product fell within the respective permitted ranges.
CHALLENGES WITH INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT) SECURITY
Authors: Said Munirah Abdullahi
Published: May 2024

The phrase "Internet of Things Security" refers to a broad category of tactics, equipment, procedures, frameworks, and techniques utilized to safeguard every facet of the internet of things. The safeguarding of the hardware, software, data, and network connections to guarantee the availability, confidentiality, and integrity of IoT ecosystems is all part of IoT security. There are several security issues due to the large number of vulnerabilities that are frequently found in IoT systems. All aspects of protection, including as component hardening, monitoring, firmware updates, access control, threat response, and vulnerability remediation, are included in robust IoT security. IoT security is essential since these systems are widely dispersed and susceptible to attack, making them a highly focused attack vector. By preventing unwanted access, IoT devices can be protected from becoming entry points into the network and from leaking private data. Vulnerabilities in IoT security can be identified in watches, smart home appliances, cars, and smart grids.
Prostitution og oprejsning
Authors: Pedersen Camilla Brokholm
Published: May 2024

In this article, I conduct a diachronic cultural-historical analysis of the phenomenon of prostitution in pagan and Christian antiquity. My prime focus is how the spread and consolidation of Christianity in the Greco-Roman world effected the social attitudes towards prostitutes and their prospects in terms of social and spiritual rehabilitation. I begin with an introduction to the issue of prostitution in pagan roman antiquity, highlighting some of the social, legal, and economic aspects pertaining to it. I then examine the perspectives on social and spiritual rehabilitation in The Shepherd of Hermas and the stories of the repenting prostitutes, Mary of Egypt, and Pelagia of Antioch. Finally, I discuss and sum up the differences between the pagan and Christians attitudes towards prostitutes and their rehabilitation
Det er Herren, der styrer en mands gang
Authors: Siegismund Kasper
Published: May 2024

This article discusses the question of agency in the Old Testament (OT) and challenges the view held by some scholars that the OT as a whole depicts human beings as having free will in the sense of being able to choose and having control over the choices they make. Many passages do seem to presuppose human choice and control, but the article presents numerous other passages that highlight God’s control of everything – including, in some cases, what human beings want and choose. Furthermore, several books of the OT describe the human ability to follow God’s commandments as deeply flawed and envisage a future divine intervention that will fundamentally change the way humans behave. Human free will must be understood in the light of this underlying notion of divine control that permeates the OT. However, this is not a fatalistic type of determinism. The tension between the notions of divine and human agency is real and both notions ought to inform our understanding of the theology of the texts.
Lukas’ evangelium, fortolket af Niels Willert
Authors: Nielsen Jesper Tang
Published: May 2024

The article reviews Niels Willert’s commentary on the Gospel of Luke. On the one hand, the book presents a solid traditional analysis of the gospel. The interpretation lives up to international research. It is welcome in a Danish context and will be of benefit for many readers of the New Testament. On the other hand, it has a provocative profile and challenges accepted views. It promotes controversial ideas: It sees Luke-Acts as one single work in two volumes. It dates the Lukan writings extremely late, i.e. 120-140. It adheres to the Farrer-hypothesis concerning the synoptic problem. It takes the Gospel of John to be among Luke’s sources. These ideas are discussed critically in the review, and arguments are raised against the late dating and the relation to the Fourth Gospel. However, the conclusion is that these hypotheses do not affect the exegesis of the individual pericopes. Therefore, the commentary is warmly recommended for all serious readers of the Gospel of Luke.
Virtual 3D-Reconstruction of Interiors in Studies of Historical and Cultural Heritage: a historiographical review
Authors: Malandina Tatiana Vladimirovna
Published: May 2024

The interdisciplinary field of virtual 3D-reconstruction of lost cultural heritage sites is relatively young, but actively developing both in Russia and abroad. Nevertheless, the degree of elaboration of the problems of 3D-reconstruction of various types of lost interiors of cultural heritage objects against the background of an impressive number of high-quality scientifically based reconstructions of the exteriors of monastic and manor complexes, temple structures, urban development is small. Historical interiors, as one of the main forms of spatial organization of life, are unique historical monuments that contain a symbiosis of social and individual, embodied in the culture of everyday life. Stylistically and compositionally original interiors of various buildings take a special place in historical research, increasingly attracting the attention of researchers of history and culture. Rapidly developing computer technologies create more and more unique opportunities for virtual 3D-reconstruction of historical interiors and their further preservation. The article outlines the origins and main stages of the development of the problems of interior virtual reconstruction in historical research. As a result of the research, the author summarized for the first time the history of the development of research on virtual 3D interior reconstruction, traced the evolution of the main trends and research approaches to working with the source base and problems of visualizing the results of reconstructions, highlighted the current directions for solving the problem of interior 3D-reconstruction in literature and scientific projects. The developments of the author of this article create the necessary conditions for the search and adaptation of methods of working with historical sources, visualization of the results of reconstruction and its interpretation in the context of the author's work on the creation of virtual 3D-reconstructions of historical manor interiors.
Hydrodynamic performance of manta rays swimming in staggered arranged group
Authors: Gao Peng-Cheng , Tian Xu-Shun , Huang Qiao-Gao , Pan Guang , Chu Yong ,   School of Marine Science and Technology, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China,   Unmanned Vehicle Innovation Center, Ningbo Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical University, Ningbo 315048, China
Published: May 2024

To investigate the hydrodynamic performance of manta rays swimming in staggered arranged group, a morphological and kinematic model of manta rays is developed based on biological observations, and then a numerical calculation method is established for group swimming of manta rays based on the Immersed Boundary Method and the Sphere function-based Gas Kinetic Scheme (IB-SGKS). The group swimming of two manta rays with a fixed vertical spacing of 0.1 times the body thickness, and a flow direction spacing of 0—1.5 times the body length is systematically investigated. The average thrust/efficiency of the group system and each individual in the group are analyzed by combining the global three-dimensional (3D) vortex structure and the characteristic cross-section two-dimensional (2D) vortex structure. The numerical results are shown below. When the streamwise spacing between individuals is small, the propulsive performance decreases sharply compared with swimming alone; as the streamwise spacing increases, the propulsive performance of the leader manta ray is consistently better than that of swimming alone, with the maximum thrust enhanced up to 11.24% when Dx = 0.4BL, and the maximum efficiency is enhanced up to 3.58% when Dx = 0.3BL; with the increase of the streamwise spacing, in the thrust/efficiency curves of the follower manta ray appears volatility, with the maximum thrust enhanced to 48.14% when Dx = 0.4BL and the maximum efficiency reached to 12.39% when Dx = 0.5BL; the system average thrust and efficiency enhancement both reach their corresponding maximum values, specifically, 29.69% and 6.77%, when Dx = 0.4BL, which is because the tail vortex of the leading manta ray just passes through the front edge of the follower manta ray and directly acts on the tip vortex that initially falls off from the follower manta rays, thus substantially increasing their vortex energy.
Physiological roles of endocytosis and presynaptic scaffold in vesicle replenishment at fast and slow central synapses
Authors: Mahapatra Satyajit , Takahashi Tomoyuki
Published: May 2024

After exocytosis, release sites are cleared of vesicular residues to replenish with transmitter-filled vesicles. Endocytic and scaffold proteins are thought to underlie this site-clearance mechanism. However, the physiological significance of this mechanism at diverse mammalian central synapses remains unknown. Here, we tested this in a physiologically optimized condition using action potential evoked EPSCs at fast calyx synapse and relatively slow hippocampal CA1 synapse, in post-hearing mice brain slices at 37°C and in 1.3 mM [Ca
2+
]. Pharmacological block of endocytosis enhanced synaptic depression at the calyx synapse, whereas it attenuated synaptic facilitation at the hippocampal synapse. Block of scaffold protein activity likewise enhanced synaptic depression at the calyx but had no effect at the hippocampal synapse. At the fast calyx synapse, block of endocytosis or scaffold protein activity significantly enhanced synaptic depression as early as 10 ms after the stimulation onset. Unlike previous reports, neither endocytic blockers nor scaffold protein inhibitors prolonged the recovery from short-term depression. We conclude that the release-site clearance by endocytosis can be a universal phenomenon supporting vesicle replenishment at both fast and slow synapses, whereas the presynaptic scaffold mechanism likely plays a specialized role in vesicle replenishment predominantly at fast synapses.
Inverted encoding of neural responses to audiovisual stimuli reveals super-additive multisensory enhancement
Authors: Buhmann Zak , Robinson Amanda K. , Mattingley Jason B. , Rideaux Reuben
Published: May 2024

A central challenge for the brain is how to combine separate sources of information from different sensory modalities to optimally represent objects and events in the external world, such as combining someone’s speech and lip movements to better understand them in a noisy environment. At the level of individual neurons, audiovisual stimuli often elicit super-additive interactions, where the neural response is greater than the sum of auditory and visual responses. However, investigations using electroencephalography (EEG) to record brain activity have revealed inconsistent interactions, with studies reporting a mix of super- and sub-additive effects. A possible explanation for this inconsistency is that standard univariate analyses obscure multisensory interactions present in EEG responses by overlooking multivariate changes in activity across the scalp. To address this shortcoming, we investigated EEG responses to audiovisual stimuli using inverted encoding, a population tuning approach that uses multivariate information to characterise feature-specific neural activity. Participants (n=41) completed a spatial localisation task for both unisensory stimuli (auditory clicks, visual flashes) and combined audiovisual stimuli (spatiotemporally congruent clicks and flashes). To assess multivariate changes in EEG activity, we used inverted encoding to recover stimulus location information from event-related potentials (ERPs). Participants localised audiovisual stimuli more accurately than unisensory stimuli alone. For univariate ERP analyses we found an additive multisensory interaction. By contrast, multivariate analyses revealed a super-additive interaction ∼180 ms following stimulus onset, such that the location of audiovisual stimuli was decoded more accurately than that predicted by maximum likelihood estimation. Our results suggest that super-additive integration of audiovisual information is reflected within multivariate patterns of activity rather than univariate evoked responses.
GABAergic inhibition in human hMT+ predicts visuo-spatial intelligence mediated through the frontal cortex
Authors: Gao Yuan , Cai Yong-Chun , Liu Dong-Yu , Yu Juan , Wang Jue , Li Ming , Xu Bin , Wang Tengfei , Chen Gang , Northoff Georg , Bai Ruiliang , Song Xue Mei
Published: May 2024

The prevailing opinion emphasizes fronto-parietal network (FPN) is key in mediating general fluid intelligence (gF). Meanwhile, recent studies show that human MT complex (hMT+), located at the occipito-temporal border and involved in 3D perception processing, also plays a key role in gF. However, the underlying mechanism is not clear, yet. To investigate this issue, our study targets visuo-spatial intelligence, which is considered to have high loading on gF. We use ultra-high field magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to measure GABA/Glu concentrations in hMT+ combining resting-state fMRI functional connectivity (FC), behavioral examinations including hMT+ perception suppression test and gF subtest in visuo-spatial component. Our findings show that both GABA in hMT+ and frontal-hMT+ functional connectivity significantly correlate with the performance of visuo-spatial intelligence. Further, serial mediation model demonstrates that the effect of hMT+ GABA on visuo-spatial gF is fully mediated by the hMT+ frontal FC. Together our findings highlight the importance in integrating sensory and frontal cortices in mediating the visuo-spatial component of general fluid intelligence.
GABA-ergic inhibition in human MT predicts visuo-spatial intelligence mediated by reverberation with frontal cortex
Authors: Gao Yuan , Cai Yong-Chun , Liu Dong-Yu , Yu Juan , Wang Jue , Li Ming , Xu Bin , Wang Teng-Fei , Chen Gang , Northoff Georg , Bai Ruiliang , Song Xue Mei
Published: May 2024

The canonical theory emphasizes fronto-parietal network (FPN) is key in mediating general fluid intelligence (gF). Meanwhile, recent studies show that multiple sensory regions in occipito-temporal border also play a key role in gF. However, the underlying mechanism is not yet clear. To investigate this issue, this study selects human MT complex (MT+), a region locates at the occipito-temporal border representing multiple sensory flows as a target brain area. Using ultra-high field magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to measure GABA/glutamate concentrations in MT+ combining resting-state fMRI functional connectivity (FC), behavioral examinations including MT+ perception suppression test and gF subtest in visuo-spatial component, we reveal that MT+ GABA and frontal-MT+ FC significantly correlate with the performance of visuo-spatial intelligence. Further, serial mediation model demonstrates that MT+ GABA predicting visuo-spatial
g
F fully mediated by reverberation effect between frontal and MT+ network. Our finding highlights that sensory cortex could integrate into complex cognition system as an intellectual hub.
Cell class-specific long-range axonal projections of neurons in mouse whisker-related somatosensory cortices
Authors: Liu Yanqi , Bech Pol , Tamura Keita , Délez Lucas T , Crochet Sylvain , Petersen Carl CH
Published: May 2024

Long-range axonal projections of diverse classes of neocortical excitatory neurons likely contribute to brain-wide interactions processing sensory, cognitive and motor signals. Here, we performed light-sheet imaging of fluorescently labeled axons from genetically defined neurons located in posterior primary somatosensory barrel cortex and supplemental somatosensory cortex. We used convolutional networks to segment axon-containing voxels and quantified their distribution within the Allen Mouse Brain Atlas Common Coordinate Framework. Axonal density was analyzed for different classes of glutamatergic neurons using transgenic mouse lines selectively expressing Cre recombinase in layer 2/3 intratelencephalic projection neurons (Rasgrf2-dCre), layer 4 intratelencephalic projection neurons (Scnn1a-Cre), layer 5 intratelencephalic projection neurons (Tlx3-Cre), layer 5 pyramidal tract projection neurons (Sim1-Cre), layer 5 projection neurons (Rbp4-Cre), and layer 6 corticothalamic neurons (Ntsr1-Cre). We found distinct axonal projections from the different neuronal classes to many downstream brain areas, which were largely similar for primary and supplementary somatosensory cortices. Functional connectivity maps obtained from optogenetic activation of sensory cortex and wide-field imaging revealed topographically organized evoked activity in frontal cortex with neurons located more laterally in somatosensory cortex signaling to more anteriorly located regions in motor cortex, consistent with the anatomical projections. The current methodology therefore appears to quantify brain-wide axonal innervation patterns supporting brain-wide signaling.
Predicting cervical cancer risk probabilities using advanced H20 AutoML and local interpretable model-agnostic explanation techniques
Authors: Prusty Sashikanta , Patnaik Srikanta , Dash Sujit Kumar , Prusty Sushree Gayatri Priyadarsini , Rautaray Jyotirmayee , Sahoo Ghanashyam
Published: May 2024

Background

Cancer is positioned as a major disease, particularly for middle-aged people, which remains a global concern that can develop in the form of abnormal growth of body cells at any place in the human body. Cervical cancer, often known as cervix cancer, is cancer present in the female cervix. In the area where the endocervix (upper two-thirds of the cervix) and ectocervix (lower third of the cervix) meet, the majority of cervical cancers begin. Despite an influx of people entering the healthcare industry, the demand for machine learning (ML) specialists has recently outpaced the supply. To close the gap, user-friendly applications, such as H2O, have made significant progress these days. However, traditional ML techniques handle each stage of the process separately; whereas H2O AutoML can automate a major portion of the ML workflow, such as automatic training and tuning of multiple models within a user-defined timeframe.

Methods

Thus, novel H2O AutoML with local interpretable model-agnostic explanations (LIME) techniques have been proposed in this research work that enhance the predictability of an ML model in a user-defined timeframe. We herein collected the cervical cancer dataset from the freely available Kaggle repository for our research work. The Stacked Ensembles approach, on the other hand, will automatically train H2O models to create a highly predictive ensemble model that will outperform the AutoML Leaderboard in most instances. The novelty of this research is aimed at training the best model using the AutoML technique that helps in reducing the human effort over traditional ML techniques in less amount of time. Additionally, LIME has been implemented over the H2O AutoML model, to uncover black boxes and to explain every individual prediction in our model. We have evaluated our model performance using the findprediction() function on three different idx values (i.e., 100, 120, and 150) to find the prediction probabilities of two classes for each feature. These experiments have been done in Lenovo core i7 NVidia GeForce 860M GPU laptop in Windows 10 operating system using Python 3.8.3 software on Jupyter 6.4.3 platform.

Results

The proposed model resulted in the prediction probabilities depending on the features as 87%, 95%, and 87% for class ‘0’ and 13%, 5%, and 13% for class ‘1’ when idx_value=100, 120, and 150 for the first case; 100% for class ‘0’ and 0% for class ‘1’, when idx_value= 10, 12, and 15 respectively. Additionally, a comparative analysis has been drawn where our proposed model outperforms previous results found in cervical cancer research.
HSMVS: heuristic search for minimum vertex separator on massive graphs
Authors: Luo Chuan , Guo Shanyu
Published: May 2024

In graph theory, the problem of finding minimum vertex separator (MVS) is a classic NP-hard problem, and it plays a key role in a number of important applications in practice. The real-world massive graphs are of very large size, which calls for effective approximate methods, especially heuristic search algorithms. In this article, we present a simple yet effective heuristic search algorithm dubbed HSMVS for solving MVS on real-world massive graphs. Our HSMVS algorithm is developed on the basis of an efficient construction procedure and a simple yet effective vertex-selection heuristic. Experimental results on a large number of real-world massive graphs present that HSMVS is able to find much smaller vertex separators than three effective heuristic search algorithms, indicating the effectiveness of HSMVS. Further empirical analyses confirm the effectiveness of the underlying components in our proposed algorithm.
Comparing trophic position estimates using bulk and compound specific stable isotope analyses: applying new approaches to mackerel icefish Champsocephalus gunnari
Authors: Canseco Jose Antonio , Niklitschek Edwin J. , Quezada-Romegialli Claudio , Yarnes Chris , Harrod Chris
Published: May 2024

Quantifying the tropic position (TP) of an animal species is key to understanding its ecosystem function. While both bulk and compound-specific analyses of stable isotopes are widely used for this purpose, few studies have assessed the consistency between and within such approaches. Champsocephalus gunnari is a specialist teleost that predates almost exclusively on Antarctic krill Euphausia superba. This well-known and nearly constant trophic relationship makes C. gunnari particularly suitable for assessing consistency between TP methods under field conditions. In the present work, we produced and compared TP estimates for C. gunnari and its main prey using a standard bulk and two amino acid-specific stable isotope approaches (CSI-AA). One based on the difference between glutamate and phenylalanine (TPGlx-Phe), and the other on the proline-phenylalanine difference (TPPro-Phe). To do that, samples from C. gunnari, E. superba and four other pelagic invertebrate and fish species, all potential prey for C.gunnari, were collected off the South Orkney Islands between January and March 2019, analyzed using standard isotopic ratio mass spectrometry methods and interpreted following a Bayesian approach. Median estimates (CI95%) for C. gunnari were similar between TPbulk (3.6; CI95%: 3.0-4.8) and TPGlx-Phe(3.4; CI95%:3.2-3.6), and lower for TPPro-Phe (3.1; CI95%:3.0-3.3). TP differences between C. gunnari and E. superba were 1.4, 1.1 and 1.2, all compatible with expectations from the monospecific diet of this predator (ΔTP=1). While these results suggest greater accuracy for Glx-Phe and Pro-Phe, differences observed between both CSI-AA approaches suggests these methods may require further validation before becoming a standard tool for trophic ecology.
Analysis of sales demand and production capacity to determine the need for direct labour
Authors: Gemaque Fabrício Mourão , Leite Jandecy Cabral , Silva Carlos Américo de Souza , Brito Junior Jorge de Almeida
Published: May 2024

This study consists of meeting the sales demand using the existing production capacity in an electronic goods industry and thus determining the amount of direct labor (MOD) necessary to meet the needs of customers. Since obtaining the correct number of operators on a production line is extremely important in the pursuit of productivity and cost reduction. Therefore, using concepts such as takt time, cycle time and line efficiency and other information related to the product or products that will be assembled on a production line, it will be possible to quickly and assertively determine the number of operators that must serve directly the client's demand, thus guaranteeing productive efficiency and the correct application of labor resources using as assumptions the capacity and equipment already existing in the production line. Thus, based on the company's sales projection, it will be possible to determine month by month the number of operators, number of shifts and the appropriate volume to be produced to meet the requested demand.
Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Pomegranate Peel Extract: An In-vitro Study
Authors: Dathan Pradeep C , Nallaswamy Deepak , Rajeshkumar Shanmugam , Joseph Suja , Ismail Shahin , Rashid Nazia
Published: May 2024

Introduction: Pomegranate fruit contains biologically active compounds that provide anti-inflammatory properties. Byproducts of pomegranate and punicalagins inhibit the growth of pathogens while enhancing the growth of beneficial bacteria. The beneficial effects of phenolic compounds are exhibited in scavenging free radicals. Aim: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity of Pomegranate Peel Extract (PPE). Materials and Methods: The present in-vitro study was designed and carried out at the Nanobiomedicine Laboratort, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, from June 2021 to August 2021. The anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using the Egg Albumin Denaturation assay (EA) and Bovine Serum Albumin Denaturation assay (BSA). The measurement of antioxidant activity was conducted using the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, Hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging (H2O2) assay, and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) assay. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the agar well diffusion method. The microorganisms used to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of PPE were S. mutans, S.aureus, E.faecalis, and C.albicans. Results were analysed using independent t-tests, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference (HSD). Results: Anti-inflammatory activity was observed with high concentrations of 40 and 50 µL in EA (70.06%±0.15, 78.08%±0.21) and BSA (75.50%±3.90, 80.82%±3.38) assays. Pronounced antioxidant activity of PPE was seen with higher concentrations of 40 and 50 µL in DPPH (88.17%±0.69, 92.50%±1.23), H2O2 (78.22%±0.94, 88.99%±1.03), and FRAP (78.43%±1.25, 88.49%±0.67) assays. The antimicrobial activity was highest at 100 µL for S.mutans (38±2.62 mm), S.aureus (36±3.16 mm), E.faecalis (21±1.48 mm), and C.albicans (23±2.36 mm). Conclusion: The study concluded that PPE has antiinflammatory, antioxidant and antimicrobial properties and these properties are concentration-dependent.
Safeguarding South African schools: Civil society action against alcohol sales in educational settings
Authors: Fortein Terri-Liza , Diedericks Aadielah Maker
Published: May 2024

The Southern African Alcohol Policy Alliance (SAAPA) in South Africa vehemently opposed Clause 8 of the Basic Education Legislation Amendment Bill (BELA) allowing alcohol sales at schools. This stance was grounded in the 2016 National Liquor Policy, advocating for distance between schools and liquor outlets. SAAPA's multifaceted approach included engaging government, experts, media advocacy, social mobilisation, and active participation in the legislative process. Their efforts, culminating in over 5000 submissions and an oral presentation, led to the removal of Clause 8 in September 2023. This success underscores the pivotal role of civil society in shaping evidence-based policies for public health and child welfare.
Initial Steps in Resuscitation of Suspected Birth Asphyxia in the Context of Nursing and Midwifery: A Quantitative Study in Upper East Region of Ghana
Authors: Boateng Keren-Happuch Twumasiwaa , Twum Foster , Asirifi Samuel Kwame Amoako
Published: May 2024

Background: A newborn’s inability to initiate and maintain breathing immediately after birth is referred to as birth asphyxia. In developed countries, the incidence of Birth Asphyxia is 2 per 1000 births, but in developing countries, the rate can be up to 10 times higher than that figure. Globally, 130 million babies are born each year, with Birth Asphyxia accounting for 20.9 percent of all neonatal deaths occurring within the first four weeks of life during this period. Approximately 10% of these babies require some form of assistance to breathe when they are born. Nurses and midwives must have a high level of expertise in the management of birth asphyxia in order to avoid further complications.
Methods: A quantitative descriptive, cross-sectional study design was used to assess the management of Birth Asphyxia among Nurses and Midwives at the maternity department of War Memorial Hospital. Convenient sampling technique was used to select study subjects and the sample size was determined using sample size determination table.
Results: Of the total 80, 79 (98.8%) of the respondents had knowledge on the standard guidelines and protocols for the management of Birth Asphyxia. Nurses and midwives who were trained, thus 60 out of the total 80 respondents (75%), were more likely to have knowledge of Birth Asphyxia management as compared to those who didn’t get training. The study revealed that 98.8% of nurses and midwives had knowledge of birth asphyxia management.
Conclusions: More than half of these health professionals had training on the management of Birth Asphyxia. Frequent trainings were recommended to improve knowledge of nurses and midwives on Birth Asphyxia management.
Restrained Global Defensive Alliances on Some Special Classes of Graphs
Authors: Consistente Leocint F. , Cabahug, Jr. Isagani S.
Published: May 2024

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Effect of Different Sources and Levels of Sulphur in Sesame on Yield, Nutrient Uptake and Soil Fertility in Acid Alfisols of Odisha, India
Authors: Prusty Meenakhi , Alim M. A. , Swain Debashish , Sahoo Gyanaranjan , Ray Monika
Published: May 2024

Aims: To examine the impact of different sources and levels of Sulphur on yield and oil content of sesame in acid Alfisols of Dhenkanal district of Odisha.
Study Design: Randomized Block Design with three replications.
Place and Duration of Study: During 2018 and 2019, this experiment was carried out at the Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology's Regional Research and Technology Transfer Station, which is located in Mahisapat, Dhenkanal district, Mid Central Table Land Zone, Odisha.
Methodology: The treatments were T1- STBFR (S control), T2- STBFR + 30 kg ha-1 S from Ammonium Phosphate Sulphate, T3- STBFR + 40 kg ha-1 S from Ammonium Phosphate Sulphate, T4- STBFR + 30 kg ha-1 S from Gypsum, T5- STBFR + 40 kg ha-1 S from Gypsum, T6- STBFR + 30 kg ha-1 S from SSP, T7- STBFR + 40 kg ha-1 S from SSP.
Results: Among seven treatments, T7 (STBFR along with 40 kg ha-1 S from SSP) was superior among all the sources and doses w.r.t. yield components and yield.  The quality parameters like oil content under different sulphur fertilization was found to be maximum with STBFR along with 40 kg ha-1 S from SSP. Highest total nutrient uptake in terms of N, P, K and S of 55, 26, 37 and 5 kg/ha was recorded with the same treatment.  
Conclusion: Sulphur fertilization (T7) in the acid Alfisols of Odisha exhibited improved yield, oil content and nutrient uptake in sesame.
Impact of Various Levels of Nitrogen, Potassium, Phosphorus and Biochar on Soil Physico-chemical Properties and Yield of Black gram (Vigna mungo L.) Var: Shekhar-2
Authors: Meena Krishna Kumar , Thomas Tarence , Sehra Vivek , Thomas Ashima
Published: May 2024

At the “Central Research Farm, Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry Department, SHUATS, Prayagraj”, an experiment titled "Impact of various levels of Nitrogen, Potassium, Phosphorus and Biochar on Soil Physico-chemical Properties and Yield of Black gram(Vigna mungo L.)Var: Shekhar-2" was carried out during the Zaid season of 2023–2024. A randomized block design was used, consisting of three variables and three levels of NPK (at 0, 50, and 100% ha-1) and biochar (at 0, 50, and 100% ha-1). An excavated soil specimen from the experimental site prior to the start of study activities showed that the soil had a sandy loam texture, a neutral to alkaline reaction, and significantly higher treatment levels.
A study on Effect of Ambient Air Pollution from Roadside Traffic on Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Constituents of Solanum tuberosum L.
Authors: Singh Deepak , Sharma Manoj Kumar , Kumar Prashant , Vashistha Harshita
Published: May 2024

Solanum tuberosum L. is a useful vegetable crop and a member of the Solanaceae family that yields starch molecules with a high concentration. The analysis of both qualitative and quantitative phytochemical substances was the main focus of the current investigation. We have chosen places with road traffic and without road traffic (control) for the crop comparison analysis. The qualitative phytochemical substances analysed protein, carbohydrate, iodine, phenol, tannin, flavonoids, saponin, glycosides, steroids, terpene, and alkaloids. The complete phenolic content exhibits a total mean value of 0.03712, surpassing the threshold of 0.03176, while the overall flavonoid content shows a total mean value of 0.04696, exceeding the threshold of 0.03764.  Crops growing close to busy road traffic had lower phytochemical substances, in terms of quantity and quality. This record demonstrates the detrimental impact of air pollution caused by vehicles on crop vegetation. Crop vegetation differs between control and road traffic sites, according to data on both qualitative and quantitative phytochemical substances.
Effect of Planting Geometry and Inorganic Fertilizers with Nano Urea on Growth Indices of Rice Crop (Oryza sativa L.)
Authors: Singh Manju , Singh A.K. , Singh Vikash , Azam Kamaran , Kumar Rajesh , Nand Vishuddha
Published: May 2024

An experiment was conducted at Agronomy Research Farm of Acharya Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh, India during Kharif season 2022 and 2023 to find out the effect of planting geometry and inorganic fertilizers with nano urea on growth indices of rice crop. All the growth indices parameters viz. Crop growth rate (g m-2 day-1) Relative growth rate (g g-1 day-1x 10-3), Net Assimilation rate (g m-2 day-1) and yield were significantly higher with the treatment P1 (20 cm × 10 cm) and F2 [100% RDF + foliar spray of nano urea @ 3000 ml ha-1(Tillering and Panicle initiation stage)] at par with treatment combination P1 (20 cm × 10 cm) and F3 [75% RDF + foliar spray of nano urea @ 3000 ml ha-1(Tillering and Panicle initiation stage)] and significantly higher than the other treatments. It can be concluded that treatment C1 (20 cm × 10 cm) with the application of F2 [100% RDF + foliar spray of nano urea @ 3000 ml ha-1 (Tillering and Panicle initiation stage)] proved better during both the year for all growth indices to achieve higher yield and remuneration of rice crop.
Response of Inorganic, Organic Fertilizer and Microbial Inoculants on Physico-chemical Properties of Soil in Cultivation of Wheat (Triticum aestivum. L) var. PBW-373
Authors: Raj Suhani , Thomas Tarence , Swaroop Narendra , Kumar Kamlendra , Thomas Ashima
Published: May 2024

The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the response of inorganic fertilizer, organic fertilizer and microbial inoculants on soil health of wheat. The design applied was 3x3 randomized block design. It was observed that treatment T9 (100% RDF +FYM @ 15 t ha-1 + PSB 6.0 kg ha-1) improved the soil WHC, OC, available N,P and K resulted in a slight change in soil pH 7.34, EC 0.49 dS m-1, bulk density 1.14 Mg m-3 and particle density 2.54 Mg m-3. In post-harvest soil of fertilizers observations were resulted in significant increase in pore space 48.97 %, water holding capacity 46.85 %, organic carbon 0.48 %, and available N 286.92 kg ha-1 ,P20.05 kg ha-1,K 201.87 kg ha-1,significant increase in case of Nitrogenkg ha-1, Phosphorus kg ha-1, Potassium kg ha-1 was found to be significant among other treatments in wheat cultivation.
Food and Feeding Habits of Gerres filamentosus in the Cochin Backwaters
Authors: Babu Gopika Suresh , Sajeevan M. K. , Suryawanshi U.A. , Anjanayappa H. N. , Somashekara S. R. , Naik A.S. Kumar , Nayana P. , Pathan J. G. K.
Published: May 2024

A total of 601 specimens of Gerres filamentosus were collected from the sampling sites and were subjected to gut content analysis. Guts were visually classified according to the fullness of the stomach. Occurrence, gravimetric and volumetric methods were followed to quantify the gut contents. Feeding intensity was assessed using methods such as the Gastro rosomatic index, mean index of feeding intensity, and index of fullness. Sex wise, month and length group-wise fluctuations in the feeding intensity were also studied. It can be seen that the percentage of actively feeding fish was observed to be high during pre-monsoon and monsoon months. Feeding intensity was at its peak during April and July 2019, and the main food was found to be prawn juveniles, polychaete worms and other detritus matter.
Stock Hedging Using Strangle Strategy on Vanilla Options and Capped Options
Authors: Lesmana Donny Citra , Martal David Vijanarco , Nabila Unika , Fauzia Syifa , Raymond Raymond , Hasan Zidni Kamal , Aprizky M Ridwan
Published: May 2024

The financial market often experiences unexpected fluctuations that can impact stock values. Therefore, investors require hedging strategies to protect their investment values from unwanted price fluctuations. This study compares the hedging results using the strangle strategy on Vanilla options and Capped options on Micron Technology, Inc. (MU) stock. The methods used are Monte Carlo simulation and Black Scholes Merton to calculate the option prices. The research results indicate that the strangle strategy on Vanilla options has unlimited maximum profit potential, whereas on Capped options, the profit is capped above. However, the potential maximum loss on Capped options is lower than that on Vanilla options. Therefore, Capped options are preferred for hedging the MU stock. The research yields significant practical and theoretical benefits. Practically, it offers investors insights into more effective hedging choices for risk management and profit potential in the stock market. Opting for capped options allows investors to control risk better while preserving profit potential. Theoretically, the study enhances our understanding of cost efficiency and risk profiles across various options strategies, making a vital contribution to financial literature.
Immobilization on a Nanomagnetic Co/C Surface Using ROM Polymerization: Generation of a Hybrid Material as Support for a Recyclable Palladium Catalyst
Authors: Schätz Alexander , Long Toby R. , Grass Robert N. , Stark Wendelin J. , Hanson Paul R. , Reiser Oliver
Published: September 2010

A novel hybrid material is reported as support for a recyclable palladium catalyst via surface immobilization of a ligand onto Co‐based magnetic nanoparticles (NPs). A standard “click” reaction is utilized to covalently attach a norbornene tag (Nb‐tag) to the surface of the carbon coated cobalt NPs. The hybrid magnetic nanoparticles are produced by initiating polymerization of a mixture containing both Nb‐tagged ligand (Nb‐tagged PPh3) and Nb‐tagged carbon coated cobalt NPs. In turn, the norbornene units are suitably functionalized to serve as ligands for metal catalysts. A composite material is thus obtained which furnishes a loading that is one order of magnitude higher than the value obtained previously for the synthesis of functionalized Co/C‐nanopowders. This allows for its application as a hybrid support with high local catalyst concentrations, as demonstrated for the immobilization of a highly active and recyclable palladium complex for Suzuki‐Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions. Due to the explicit magnetic moment of the cobalt‐NPs, the overall magnetization of this organic/inorganic framework is significantly higher than of polymer coated iron oxide nanoparticles with comparable metal content, hence, its rapid separation from the reaction mixture and recycling via an external magnetic field is not hampered by the functionalized polymer shell.
Combined Use of Synchrotron‐Radiation‐Based Imaging Techniques for the Characterization of Structured Catalysts
Authors: Basile Francesco , Benito Patricia , Bugani Simone , De Nolf Wout , Fornasari Giuseppe , Janssens Koen , Morselli Luciano , Scavetta Erika , Tonelli Domenica , Vaccari Angelo
Published: September 2010

Active‐phase‐coated metallic supports as structured catalysts are gaining attention in endothermic and exothermic processes because they improve heat transfer. The deposition of a well‐adhered and stable catalyst layer on the metallic support constitutes an important feature for the successful application of the final material. In this work, coating of FeCrAlY foams is performed by a one‐step electrosynthesis‐deposition of hydrotalcite‐type compounds, precursors of catalysts active in endothermic steam methane reforming. The catalysts are studied at different length scales by using, for the first time, a combination of several techniques: SEM/EDS and X‐ray fluorescence, X‐ray powder diffraction and absorption‐tomography experiments on the micro‐ and nanoscales at a synchrotron facility. The results show that the morphology of the coating depends on the synthesis conditions and that the catalyst may be described as Ni metal crystallites dispersed on γ‐Al2O3, homogeneously coating the FeCrAlY foam.