bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pinnularia qinghainensis: a new diatom species (Bacillariophyta) found in the brackish Lake Qinghai, China
Authors: DENG LI-YING , BLANCO SAÚL , LIU BING , QUAN SI-JIN , LONG JI-YAN
Published: February 2021

During the investigations of the diatom flora of Lake Qinghai, China (see Liu et al. 2020 for details), specimens of an undescribed species of Pinnularia Ehrenberg (1843: 45) were encountered, which are hereby illustrated and described.
What Modulates the Intensity of Synoptic-Scale Variability over the Western North Pacific during Boreal Summer and Fall?
Authors: Wu Renguang , Wang Yuqi , Cao Xi
Published: February 2021

The present study investigates the factors that affect the year-to-year change in the intensity of synoptic-scale variability (SSV) over the tropical western North Pacific (TWNP) during boreal summer and fall. It is found that the intensity of the TWNP SSV in summer is associated with the equatorial central-eastern Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies that modulate the background fields through a Rossby wave response both in the source region and along the propagation path of the synoptic-scale disturbances. In fall, the intensity of the TWNP SSV is related to an SST anomaly pattern with opposite anomalies in the equatorial central Pacific and TWNP that modulates the background fields from the equatorial central Pacific to TWNP. However, the equatorial central Pacific SST anomalies alone fail to change the intensity of the TWNP SSV as the induced background field changes are limited to the equatorial central Pacific. It is shown that tropical western Pacific SST anomalies may induce notable changes in the intensity of the TWNP SSV. The relation of the TWNP SSV to the equatorial eastern Pacific SST is weak due to opposite SST anomalies in different types of years. Both seasonal mean and intraseasonal flows provide sources of barotropic energy for the change in the intensity of the TWNP synoptic-scale disturbances in summer. Seasonal mean flow has a main contribution to the barotropic energy conversion for the change in the intensity of the TWNP synoptic-scale disturbances in fall.
Dark Knowledge and Platform Governance: A Case of an Illicit E-Commerce Community in Reddit
Authors: Kwon K. Hazel , Shao Chun
Published: February 2021

This study examines the dark information commons in Reddit, a pseudonymous social news site, in the context of illicit e-commerce communities. Unlike market forums that are hosted in the dark web, Reddit is open to users of both the clear and dark web, unwittingly serving as a gateway for potential newcomers to learn and prepare their entrance into darknet market systems. To illustrate how information commons in Reddit bolster the resilience of illicit e-commerce communication ecology, this study presents information and knowledge flows in a subreddit community dedicated to a now-defunct market called AlphaBay. This study expands the discussion of the challenges that Reddit, as information commons, encounters in governing the flow of dark knowledge.
Tire Classification by Elemental Signatures Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
Authors: Lucchi John , Gluck Dan , Rials Sidney , Tang Larry , Baudelet Matthieu
Published: February 2021

Tire evidence is a form of trace evidence that is often overlooked in today's forensics, while frequently found at crime or accident scenes, usually in the form of skid marks. The pattern of the tire skid mark has been used before to link a tire or car to a scene, but the widespread use of anti-lock braking systems makes this an almost impossible and abandoned route of analysis. With this in mind, using the chemical profile of a tire has potential to link a car or tire back to a scene in which its trace material is found. This study shows the successful use of the elemental profile of tire rubber to classify 32 different samples using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, analyzed by principal component analysis combined with linear discriminant analysis. A classification accuracy close to 99% shows the ever-growing use of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy as a technique of choice for forensic analysis of tire rubber, opening the path for its use as a forensic evidence.
Mickey D’s Has More Street Cred Than McDonald’s: Consumer Brand Nickname Use Signals Information Authenticity
Authors: Zhang Zhe , Patrick Vanessa M.
Published: February 2021

Consumers often observe how other consumers interact with brands to inform their own brand judgments. This research demonstrates that brand relationship quality–indicating cues, such as brand nicknames (e.g., “Mickey D’s” for McDonald’s, “Wally World” for Walmart), enhance perceived information authenticity in online communication. An analysis of historical Twitter data followed by six experiments (using both real and fictitious brands across different online platforms [e.g., online reviews, social media posts]) show that brand nickname use in user-generated content signals a writer’s relationship quality with the target brand from the reader’s perspective, which the authors term “inferred brand attachment.” The authors demonstrate that inferred brand attachment boosts perceived information authenticity and leads to positive downstream consequences, such as purchase willingness and information sharing. The authors also find that this effect is attenuated when brand nicknames are used in firm-generated content. How consumers’ relationships with brands are portrayed and perceived in a social context (e.g., via brand nickname use) serves as a novel context to examine user-generated content and provides valuable managerial insight regarding how to leverage consumers’ brand attachment cues in brand strategy and online information management.
An Emerging Theory of Avatar Marketing
Authors: Miao Fred , Kozlenkova Irina V. , Wang Haizhong , Xie Tao , Palmatier Robert W.
Published: February 2021

Avatars are becoming increasingly popular in contemporary marketing strategies, but their effectiveness for achieving performance outcomes (e.g., purchase likelihood) varies widely in practice. Related academic literature is fragmented, lacking both definitional consistency and conceptual clarity. This article makes three main contributions to avatar theory and managerial practice. First, to address ambiguity with respect to its definition, this study identifies and critically evaluates key conceptual elements of the term avatar, offers a definition derived from this analysis, and provides a typology of avatars’ design elements. Second, the proposed 2 × 2 avatar taxonomy suggests that the alignment of an avatar’s form realism and behavioral realism, across different contingencies, provides a parsimonious explanation for avatar effectiveness. Third, the authors develop an emerging theory of avatar marketing by triangulating insights from fundamental elements of avatars, a synthesis of extant research, and business practices. This framework integrates key theoretical insights, research propositions, and important managerial implications for this expanding area of marketing strategy. Lastly, the authors outline a research program to test the propositions and insights as well as advance future research.
Re-envisioning Academic Publication: From “Publish or Perish” to “Publish and Flourish”
Authors: Yeo Marie Alina , Renandya Willy Ardian , Tangkiengsirisin Supong
Published: February 2021

Employing a conversational form, this article presents the views of three editors from established mainstream journals. They first discuss the rise of predatory publishing, then highlight the dangers of publishing in predatory journals, identifying some “red flags” that authors can look out for to avoid such journals. They then offer hints on how prospective authors can increase their chances of acceptance in mainstream journals and how they can get started in research and publishing.

The purpose of this dialogue is to invite a re-envisioning of the current “publish or perish” perspective, which appears to be prevalent in most academic circles. Such negative framing is unhelpful and discouraging, especially to early-career academics who may be unfamiliar with the practices and processes involved. What is needed is a re-envisioning of academic publication from “publish or perish” to “publish and flourish”.
Preference for Alternative Communication Modality Based on Reinforcer Quality and Availability
Authors: Cariveau Tom , Hunt Katelyn , Robbins Halley , Brown Alexandria R.
Published: February 2021

Preference for augmentative or alternative communication (AAC) systems has received growing interest in work with individuals with developmental disabilities. An individual may choose a modality based on technological (e.g., auditory-output) or aesthetic features of a system; however, it is ideal that functional features (i.e., effectiveness in producing a reinforcer) affect preference to a much greater extent. Prior research has treated preference as a static variable and may commonly report a lack of preference for a modality or control by irrelevant features of the assessment (e.g., position of the modality in an array). The current study assessed the preference for AAC modalities of a teenager with autism spectrum disorder and intellectual disability using a concurrent-chains procedure. This study extended prior research by including additional methods to ensure accurate assessment of preference (i.e., a control condition) and a reinforcer manipulation to determine whether preference was controlled by non-functional (e.g., aesthetic) or functional (i.e., reinforcer quality and availability) variables. Preference was found to be functionally related to reinforcer availability, including when rapidly alternated between modalities. Moreover, the participant consistently allocated responding away from the control condition. Implications for self-determination and suggestions for future research on preference for AAC systems are considered.
The self-directed learning of adult music students: A comparison of teacher approaches and student needs
Authors: Leahy Kaitlyn S , Smith Tawnya D
Published: February 2021

Adult music learners may expect to be more independent and therefore more inclined to engage in self-directed learning than younger learners; however, adults may not feel encouraged or supported to self-direct. In this qualitative study, the relationships between six adult instrumentalists and their teachers were examined using Grow’s Staged Self-Directed Learning (SSDL) Model to determine if there was congruence or a mismatch between individual student learning needs and their teachers’ strategies. Teachers reported a willingness to accommodate the self-direction needs of their students. Even in cases of teacher–student mismatch, more direction from the teacher was welcomed when they encountered technical difficulty or an unfamiliar style. Students who reported that they had little experience playing were more inclined to have low to moderate levels of self-direction, whereas more advanced players reported intermediate to high levels of self-direction. Cultural expectations were found to play an important role in determining if students desire to be self-directed learners. The quality of the teacher–student relationship and communication were both found to be an important determinant of successful collaboration. These findings suggest that the theoretical application of the SSDL model could provide teachers a means to assess and discern their adult students’ learning needs.
Picture perfect? Examining associations between relationship quality, attention to alternatives, and couples’ activities on Instagram
Authors: Sharabi Liesel L. , Hopkins Annamariah
Published: February 2021

What do couples’ activities and behaviors on Instagram reveal about the quality of their relationships? To answer this question, we surveyed couples ( N = 178) about their perceptions of their relationships and analyzed 3,270 of their recent Instagram posts. Actor and partner effects were found between relational quality and engagement with the relationship on Instagram (i.e., the number of couple pictures and partner-initiated likes and comments). There were also actor effects of attention to Instagram alternatives on the perceived quality and actual pursuit of alternative partners, as well as a partner effect on alternative quality. The findings contribute to extending the investment model to the digital age and have methodological implications for understanding relationship dynamics on visual social network sites.
Endoscopic obturation with tissue adhesive for bleeding gastric stromal tumor: a case report
Authors: Wang Song , Zhang Kaiguang , Xiao Mei
Published: February 2021

Primary endoscopic hemostasis for bleeding gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is rarely reported. Herein, we report the case of a patient with a bleeding GIST that was treated with endoscopic obturation with tissue adhesive. A 46-year-old man presented with hematemesis and tarry stool for 1 day. Upper GI endoscopy revealed a bleeding submucosal tumor at the stomach fundus and an exposed pulsatile vessel was seen at the defect. Endoscopic obturation with tissue adhesive was performed to treat the defect and the bleeding was successfully stopped. No recurrence of bleeding was observed through a gastric tube, and 6 days after endoscopic obturation, the patient underwent laparoscopic partial gastrectomy. Endoscopic obturation with tissue adhesive is a feasible and effective method to treat bleeding GIST.
Design of comprehensive income products for retirement using utility functions
Authors: Warren Geoffrey J
Published: February 2021

An approach for designing a menu of comprehensive income products for retirement (CIPRs) is proposed and demonstrated. The approach entails four steps: defining and characterising member types based on selected attributes; specifying a utility function to capture the objectives and preferences for each member type; conducting analysis of candidate investment and drawdown strategies, and hence select a product design; and communication to members. The last step uses attributes to describe the type of investor for which a product is designed, as well as setting out the key product features and the outcomes it may deliver.

JEL Classification: D14, D15, E21, G11, G23
Peak troponin predicts successful weaning from VA ECMO in patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock
Authors: North Monique , Eckman Peter , Samara Michael , Chavez Ivan , Schmidt Christian , Garberich Ross , Hryniewicz Katarzyna
Published: February 2021

Background:

In patients treated for refractory cardiogenic shock (RCS) following acute myocardial infarction (AMI), predicting successful weaning from veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO) has important implications for decision-making and prognosis.

Methods:

We performed a retrospective review of adult VA ECMO patients with RCS complicating AMI at our institution from 2010 to 2019. We evaluated use of peak troponin I as a predictor of successful decannulation.

Results:

Sixty-two patients were analyzed; mean age 61.1 ± 9.8 years, 73% males, 62% presented with STEMI. Forty-five patients were successfully weaned (group I). Seventeen patients did not wean (group II); seven patients received a durable LVAD, 10 died. Patients from group I had significantly lower peak troponin I (89 vs 434 ng/mL, p = 0.0001). Receiver operating characteristic curves showed a peak troponin I cutoff of 400 ng/mL correctly classified patients by weaning status 90% of the time, with associated sensitivity of 71% and specificity of 98%. With each 50 ng/mL increase in troponin I, the likelihood of weaning decreased by 33%.

Conclusions:

Peak troponin I above 400 ng/mL may be helpful in predicting unsuccessful weaning from VA ECMO support for refractory cardiogenic shock following myocardial infarction and facilitate triage decisions regarding need for advanced therapies.
Prophylactic use of vacuum-assisted closure system for cannula sites: A case of extracorporeal biventricular assist devices for 295 days
Authors: Takami Yoshiyuki , Tanida Shin-ichi , Hoshino Naoki , Sakurai Yusuke , Amano Kentaro , Akita Kiyotoshi , Hayashi Ryosuke , Maekawa Atsuo , Izawa Hideo , Takagi Yasushi
Published: February 2021

We report wound management using a vacuum-assisted closure (VAC) system for the cannula sites of extracorporeal biventricular assist devices (BiVADs) for 295 days in a 23-year old Chinese female patient with fulminant giant cell myocarditis, who finally underwent heart transplantation. When the cannula sites appeared necrotic 3 months after BiVADs placement, she received negative pressure wound therapy prophylactically for four cannula sites, using a VAC system for 3 months, followed by no infections. Such prophylactic VAC therapy, using the skin barrier paste usually used for the ostomy pouching system to create a flatter surface and airtightness, may be useful to avoid cannula site infections, which is still a fatal complication causing sepsis, especially in patients with extracorporeal BiVADs.
Leisure and Social Supports in Relation to Positive Affect Among Older Adults
Authors: Lee Sunwoo , Ryu Jungsu , Heo Jinmoo
Published: February 2021

The current study examined the extent to which leisure activities were related to different forms of social support and its association with positive affect. A secondary data analysis was employed using data drawn from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) in 2014. The study sample was composed of 4,303 individuals whose ages ranged from 65 to 105 ( M = 75.78, SD = 7.42; 57.8% females). Employing bootstrapping technique, the hypothesized relationship between leisure, social support, and positive affect was examined. Mediating effect of social support was also determined. Results indicated that leisure activity, social support, and positive affect were significantly associated, but the relationship varied. The study findings expanded our understanding of the divergent leisure paths to positive social support and emotional well-being of the older adults. Promoting diverse recreational settings is necessary in leisure interventions that can facilitate frequent and positive social exchanges in both in-home and out-of-home environments.
Trading Osteoplasty for Osteotomy in an Attempt to Achieve a Rapid Recovery Rhinoplasty
Authors: Gadaleta Dominick J. , Frants Anna , Paul Benjamin C. , Rosenberg David
Published: February 2021

Nasal bone lateral osteotomies are a critical component of open and closed rhinoplasty. Lateral osteotomies represent the most traumatic component of rhinoplasty and contribute to significant edema and ecchymosis in the periorbital region. We believe that lateral osteotomies are often performed more frequently than necessary. The senior author of this article has significantly decreased the number of lateral osteotomies that he performs during rhinoplasty and instead advocates for the use of osteoplasty with a rasp when appropriate to narrow and shape the bony dorsum without forming a wide flat open-roof deformity. This study is a retrospective chart review of 239 patients who underwent rhinoplasty with the senior author. Almost half of the patients (44%) did not undergo osteotomies. The revision rate is less than 1% (2 patients). Avoidance of lateral osteotomies in carefully selected patients can offer a more appealing “rapid recovery rhino,” which is characterized by decreased edema, swelling, and faster recovery time with less limitations on postoperative restrictions.
Physical Violence Perpetration Among College Students: Prevalence and Associations With Substance Use and Mental Health Symptoms
Authors: Ganson Kyle T. , O’Connor Julia , Nagata Jason M.
Published: February 2021

The aims of this study were to, first, report the prevalence of physical violence perpetration among a sample of college students and, second, to identify associations between physical violence perpetration, substance use, and mental health symptoms. We analyzed survey data from the Healthy Minds Study. We examined the 12-month prevalence of physical violence perpetration by gender identity from 2014–2019 ( n = 181,056). We used multivariable logistic regression analyses to estimate associations between physical violence perpetration, substance use, and mental health symptoms from the 2018–2019 survey year ( n = 43,563). Results revealed that 12-month prevalence rates of physical violence perpetration increased from 2014–2019 among male, female, and transgender/gender nonconforming college students. Results from multivariable logistic regression analyses using the 2018–2019 survey year revealed higher odds of physical violence perpetration in the previous 12 months among students who reported substance use and mental health symptoms, including vaping or e-cigarette use, illicit drug use, and nonsuicidal self-injury, among others. Our findings highlight steadily rising prevalence of physical violence perpetration from 2014–2019 among college students, indicating a growing need for more research and prevention efforts to address this problem in higher education settings. Efforts to prevent violence on college campuses should consider how to reduce substance use and improve mental health to reduce this form of violence.
Cauliflower-shaped lesions on a young woman’s vulva
Authors: Yuan Tao , Liu Yao-guang , Liang Bo , Zhu Qi-xing , Li Hui
Published: February 2021

A 20-year-old young woman with cauliflower-shaped lesions on her vulva was misdiagnosed as condyloma acuminatum. Further evaluation revealed positive serological tests for syphilis. On histological examination, and numerous plasma cells were seen to infiltrate the dermis heavily. The cauliflower-shaped lesions on vulva completely disappeared after benzathine penicillin treatment. Cauliflower-shaped lesions are a rare manifestation of secondary syphilis.
Analysis of chlamydia contacts and the look-back interval at a UK sexual health clinic
Authors: Turner Catherine , Howlett Sally E , Loftus Hannah
Published: February 2021

Guidance on contact tracing in Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is limited. CT contacts data over 12 months (1 December 2018–29 November 2019) at a UK sexual health clinic were analysed to determine the appropriateness of the currently recommended six-month ‘look-back’ interval. Age and sex of CT contacts were associated with clinical outcomes. Subgroups of 100 CT positive/negative contacts (each N = 100) were randomly selected. The relationship between time since sexual intercourse with the index case (Last Sexual Intercourse; LSI) and CT positivity was examined; suitability of varying look-back intervals was explored. Of 891 CT contacts (mean age = 25.0 years, 66.2% men), 66.9% tested positive for CT. Positive CT contacts were significantly younger (23.8 ± 6.8 years vs. 27.4 ± 9.1, p < 0.001) and more often women (36.4% vs. 28.5%, p = 0.018) than negative contacts. In the subgroups, the Mann–Whitney U test revealed no significant difference between the LSI of positive and negative contacts ( p = 0.081). 95% of positive CT contacts ( N = 82) were captured within a hypothetical three-month look-back interval. While most CT positive contacts were captured within three months, they appeared to remain proportionately represented beyond this point. Although this supports current guidelines, further research should investigate whether CT contacts involved in longer look-back intervals may require disproportionately greater resources to trace.
Widespread rash as initial presentation of acute hepatitis E in a woman with well-controlled HIV
Authors: Pringle Rachel , van Halsema Clare
Published: February 2021

Sporadic, acute hepatitis E is increasingly common in the United Kingdom, associated with travel or locally acquired. A 45-year-old woman with well-controlled HIV presented with a widespread, polymorphic rash and transaminitis. Acute genotype 3 hepatitis E infection was confirmed and resolved without intervention. A review of the literature reveals a number of atypical presentations of acute autochthonous hepatitis E. Clinicians should consider testing for hepatitis E in the presence of nonspecific symptoms and deranged liver function tests.
INR Response to Low-Dose Vitamin K in Warfarin Patients
Authors: Kulig Caitlin E. , Roberts A. Joshua , Rowe A. Shaun , Kim Hahyoon , Dager William E.
Published: February 2021

Background

Literature suggests that 2 mg of vitamin K intravenously (IV) provides a similar effect as 10 mg to reverse warfarin. Doses <5 mg haven’t been studied in depth.

Objective

The objective was to determine the international normalized ratio (INR) reduction effect of ultra low-dose (ULD) IV vitamin K.

Methods

This retrospective, observational cohort study compared IV vitamin K doses of 0.25-0.5 mg (ULD) versus 1-2 mg (standard low dose [SLD]). The primary outcome assessed ΔINR at 36 hours; secondary outcomes assessed ΔINR at 12 hours and 30-day venous thromboembolism (VTE) and mortality rates.

Results

Of 88 patients identified (median baseline INR [IQR], 5.1 [3.1, 7.3] vs 4.5 [2.8, 8.2], ULD vs SLD, respectively), 59 had an INR at 12 hours. The ULD had fewer 12-hour INR values <2, with no statistical difference in the ΔINR at 12 hours between the ULD and SLD cohorts (median ΔINR, 2.2 [1.1, 3.4] vs 2.2 [1.1, 6.3]; P = 0.54; median INR, 2.3 vs 1.8). A total of 41 patients had both a 12- and 36-hour INR. No significant difference in the ΔINR between the 12- and 36-hour values occurred (median ΔINR, 0.52 [0.2, 0.91] vs ΔINR, 0.46 [0.18, 0.55]; P = 0.61), suggesting no rebound or excessive reversal and no difference in 30-day rates of VTE ( P > 0.99) or death ( P = 0.38).

Conclusion and Relevance

ULD IV vitamin K reversed INR similarly to doses of 1-2 mg without rebound. A ULD strategy may be considered in patients requiring more cautious reversal.
Toward a Differentiated Assessment of Narcissism in Forensic Contexts: Validating the Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire–Short Scale (NARQ-S) in a Forensic Sample
Authors: Niemeyer Lisa M. , Grosz Michael P. , Jallalvand Lina , Mota Simon , Back Mitja D.
Published: February 2021

Grandiose narcissism is a multidimensional construct consisting of agentic and antagonistic aspects with markedly distinct correlates and consequences. However, this complexity has not been reflected in how grandiose narcissism is measured and investigated in forensic contexts. To provide a more nuanced picture of narcissism in a forensic context, we harnessed the Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Concept. More precisely, we investigated the psychometric properties of the Narcissistic Admiration and Rivalry Questionnaire–Short Scale (NARQ-S) in self- and informant reports of 199 male prisoners. Results confirmed the two-dimensional structure, acceptable internal consistency, moderate self-other agreement, and a differentiated nomological network for the NARQ-S. Admiration and rivalry showed distinct associations with criminal history, institutional misbehaviors, and social status in the group of prisoners. Together, the findings provide initial evidence for the validity and utility of self- and informant reports of the NARQ-S in forensic contexts and its contribution to security and treatment recommendations.
Aggression in the Digital Era: Assessing the Validity of the Cyber Motivations for Aggression and Deviance Scale
Authors: DeMarsico Dominick , Bounoua Nadia , Miglin Rickie , Sadeh Naomi
Published: February 2021

Empirical studies of adult cyber-aggression are sparse, partly due to a lack of validated assessments. We evaluated a new measure, the Cyber Motivations for Aggression and Deviance (Cyber-MAD) scale, designed to assess the motivations of adult cyber-aggression. Psychometric properties and factor structure were examined across three adult samples who regularly used the internet and reported a history of cyber-aggression. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of the motivations for cyber-aggression indicated an eight-factor model best fit the data, with separable factors emerging for cyber-aggression motivated by a desire to affiliate with others ( Social Bonding), advance or defend political/social issues ( Social Activism), act on angry feelings ( Reactive Aggression), cope with relationship stress ( Interpersonal Distress), satisfy impulsive urges ( Impulsivity), adopt a new online persona ( Virtual Dissociation), experience excitement ( Thrill-Seeking), and seek revenge ( Vengeance). Overall, the Cyber-MAD scale showed good internal consistency, structural stability across samples, and construct validity, supporting its initial validation.
Early detection of bearing faults using minimum entropy deconvolution adjusted and zero frequency filter
Authors: Kumar Keshav , Shukla Sumitra , Singh Sachin K
Published: February 2021

A method based on minimum entropy deconvolution with convolution adjustment and zero frequency filter is presented for the identification of weak faults in rolling element bearings. Localized fault present in rolling element bearings causes periodic impulses in the bearing vibration signal. The zero frequency filtering of the bearing vibration signal keeps only the localized disturbances at the impulse locations while attenuating the non-impulsive components of the signal. The effectiveness of zero frequency filtering depends on the strength of impulses present in the measured faulty bearing signal in time domain. In the present work, Minimum entropy deconvolution adjusted is used as a preprocessor to improve the strength of impulses in the measured time-domain bearing signal. The effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is tested with simulated signals for the faulty bearing vibration at different levels of added Gaussian noise. The algorithm is also validated using experimental bearing vibration dataset. Results from the proposed algorithm are compared with the results of the zero frequency filter and local mean subtraction-based technique for rolling element bearings’ fault identification. The proposed algorithm performs better detection in case of a weak fault signal.
Educator Knowledge and Preparedness for Educating Students With Autism in Public Schools
Authors: Hamrick Jennifer , Cerda Mari , O’Toole Cyndi , Hagen-Collins Katherine
Published: February 2021

Use of evidence-based practices is important for the success of students in special education settings in public education. In total, 255 special educators in public education were surveyed about (a) use of instructional practices, (b) preparedness to use interventions, (c) access to training, (d) influences on decision-making, and (e) areas of need related to current roles. Results indicate a research-to-practice gap as educators reported using many practices not identified as evidence-based intervention when working with individuals with autism and intellectual disabilities. Information about access to training and the types of trainings educators were currently participating in was gathered. Educators also reported feeling inadequately prepared to use interventions.
Enacting Service Work in a Changing World: Time for a Dialogue
Authors: Subramony Mahesh , Groth Markus
Published: February 2021

Service work is rapidly evolving as a result of technological innovations, changing employment norms, and a variety of environmental challenges. Yet, the scope of service work scholarship appears to be restricted to traditional frontline employees occupying boundary-spanning positions in formal private-sector service organizations. Given the “perfect storm” of multiple disruptions, we believe that the time is ripe for service scholars to reexamine how service work is being (and will be) enacted in a changing world. In this editorial, we propose an expansion of the “service worker” construct, recommend a deeper exploration of the experiences of service workers, and call to situate these experiences within an evolving service work ecosystem. Our aim is to spark interdisciplinary dialogue related to service work in order to foster service scholarship and practice that are responsive to the changing world.
Does Sustainable Tourism Development Enhance Destination Prosperity?
Authors: Falatoonitoosi Elham , Schaffer Vikki , Kerr Don
Published: February 2021

Prosperity is one of the five critical areas for Sustainable Development according to the 2030 Agenda. This research develops a prosperity model for a tourism destination and examines stakeholders’ perception of the role of sustainable tourism development in enhancing the prosperity. A set of 18 sustainability indicators were used and identified through a hybrid model that combines results from a systematic literature search and four-stage convergent interviews. Results from 171 participants from five different groups of stakeholders revealed that sustainable tourism development enhances the prosperity of the target destination in general. Sustainability was found to be a medium to strong predictor of key prosperity dimensions, particularly environmental quality and sociocultural empowerment. Finally, the level of relationships were quantified to assist destination managers in identifying where to expend effort and resources to improve the implementation of sustainable tourism while considering the key dimensions of prosperity.
Effect of Regulatory Focus on Food Variety-Seeking Behavior of Chinese Tourists
Authors: Cui Hong-jing , Yao Feng , Jin Xiao-tong , Zhao Tai-yang , Xu Wei , Smyczek Slawomir
Published: February 2021

While limited attention has been paid to personality traits that influence tourists’ variety-seeking behavior with respect to food, evidence shows that Chinese people choose less variety than their counterparts in Western countries. We propose that regulatory focus influences consumers’ food variety-seeking behavior. Building on the theoretical alignment between regulatory focus, food neophobia, and food variety-seeking tendency, this research examines the effect of regulatory focus on Chinese consumers’ food variety-seeking behavior through three studies. Study 1 indicates that prevention-focused consumers have lower food variety-seeking intention than promotion-focused consumers. Study 2 shows that the former have higher food neophobia, leading to lower intention to seek food variety. Food neophobia plays the mediating role. Study 3 examines the moderating role of psychological safety, which can decrease food neophobia’s negative influence on seeking food variety. The results and implications of our findings are presented in the discussion section.
Chronic vertebro-jugular arteriovenous Fistula secondary to hemodialysis catheterization: A case report
Authors: Tayebi Pouya , Vafaey Hamidreza , Taheri Mojtaba , Soleimanian Sedigheh , Daryabari Yasaman
Published: February 2021

Vertebral artery’s iatrogenic arteriovenous fistula due to central venous catheterization is an uncommon vascular complication. This report depicts a case of 21-year-old male patient who underwent central venous catheterization for hemodialysis over 10 years ago and was detected with a vertebrojugular arteriovenous fistula. This report depicts a case of 21-year-old male patient who detected with a vertebrojugular arteriovenous fistula after 10 years of hemodialysis through central venous catheterization. The surgical treatment was successfully performed.
Reduction of interior temperature of massive concrete using an enhanced heat transfer pipe array with spiral fins
Authors: Zhou Lemu , Zhou Fangyuan , Peng Zheng , Ge Hanbin , Shan Feng
Published: February 2021

The interior temperature of the massive concrete should be controlled to avoid cracks caused by the trapped hydration heat. In this paper, an enhanced heat transfer pipe array with spiral fins (PSF) is proposed to reduce the interior temperature of concrete blocks. Numerical simulations of massive concrete blocks embedded with traditional cooling water pipe (TCWP) and newly proposed PSF were conducted to investigate the interior temperature distribution of massive concrete. Meanwhile, validity of the finite element model was verified by both theoretical results and available experimental data. Based on the calculated temperature distribution of the points located in the interior area of the massive concrete, it is shown that when the TCWP was replaced by the PSF, the interior temperature can be significantly reduced. Therefore, compared to the TCWP, the proposed PSF has excellent heat transfer performance for cooling the interior temperature of massive concrete.
Special Considerations in Social Network Interviewing and Mapping with Vulnerable Populations
Authors: Smith Melissa E. , Pahwa Rohini
Published: February 2021

This short take describes the process of enhancing social network interviews with qualitative inquiry to facilitate participant recall, contextualize participant–alter relationships, and increase cultural responsiveness with populations with cognitive impairments. The authors illustrate this process, including the use of a qualitative interviewing name generator, with an example of a mixed-methods project exploring community experiences with adults with serious mental illnesses.
Retrograde Intramedullary Screw Fixation for Metacarpal Fractures: A Systematic Review
Authors: Morway Genoveffa R. , Rider Taylor , Jones Christopher M.
Published: February 2021

Common forms of fixation of metacarpal fractures have historically included percutaneous Kirschner wire fixation, plates and screws, and, more recently, intramedullary screw fixation. Retrograde intramedullary screws (RISs) are a novel modality first described 10 years ago. The purpose of this review is to critically evaluate the published literature assessing outcomes of RIS fixation for metacarpal fractures and create a complication profile for this novel technique. A comprehensive literature search was performed using electronic databases for both clinical and biomechanical studies in relation to RIS fixation published from 2000 to 2020. A total of 19 studies (13 clinical and 6 biomechanical) met the inclusion criteria. The clinical studies examined 603 metacarpal fractures and demonstrated adequate functional outcomes in terms of grip strength, total active motion, and time to return to work. The biomechanical studies examined 80 metacarpal fractures, finding that load to failure in RISs was often equal to or higher than Kirschner wires but less than plate and screws. The complication rate in reviewed studies was 2.8%, with the most prevalent complications being stiffness and extension lag. RIS use in metacarpal fractures appears to provide adequate stability with satisfactory clinical outcomes and minimal complications, although more high-quality studies are needed to fully examine this modality.
Reverse End-to-Side (Supercharging) Nerve Transfer: Conceptualization, Validation, and Translation
Authors: Isaacs Jonathan
Published: February 2021

Partial nerve recovery either after expectant observation following an injury in-continuity or after nerve repair is not an uncommon occurrence. Historically, treatment strategies in these situations—late repair, revision repair, or acceptance of a mediocre result—were unsatisfying. The reverse end-to-side, or supercharging, nerve transfer was conceived to offer a more palatable option. Partially validated primarily through small animal research, supercharging has been rapidly translated to clinical practice. Many have extended the indications beyond the original intent, though the final place of this technique in the peripheral nerve surgeon’s armamentarium is still yet to be determined.
Involving High-Grade Glioma Patients and Their Carers in Qualitative Research to Promote Structured Physical Activity: A Mixed-Methods Study Protocol
Authors: Islam Ishrat , Goss Silvia , Nelson Annmarie , Byrne Anthony
Published: February 2021

Introduction:

Structured physical activity may improve physical, cognitive, and social functionality, as well as overall quality of life of people with high-grade glioma. Yet, engaging them in such activities remains highly challenging due to their unique disease burden and perceived “loss of control.” A greater understanding of patients’ interests, preferences, behavioral motivations, and perceived barriers around physical activity is needed to design tailored and patient-led physical activity interventions. This protocol describes the method and ethical considerations of a cross-sectional mixed-methods study that has been developed to collect such information from glioma patients and their carers.

Methods and analysis:

The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ 7, short form) and semi-structured interviews will be used for data collection. IPAQ scoring protocol will be followed to examine objective data and Clarke and Braun’s thematic approach will be used to analyze the interview transcripts. Ethics: Ethical approval was obtained from Cardiff University’s Research Ethics Committee and from the regional NHS Research Ethics Committee. The main ethical concerns are to maintain patients’ safety and comfort and ensure that their consent remains informed and valid throughout the recruitment, data collection, management, and dissemination stage. Risks associated with their physical condition, emotional distress, and time commitment should be continuously assessed and necessary actions should be taken accordingly.

Conclusion:

The protocol will work as a step by step guide for future researchers for developing similar qualitative research and obtaining ethical approval when involving vulnerable individuals like high-grade glioma patients in studies.
Does the Laminar Airflow System Affect the Development of Perioperative Hypothermia? A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Dagli Recai , Çelik Fatma , Özden Hüseyin , Şahin Serdar
Published: February 2021

Objectives:

We aimed to compare tympanic membrane temperature changes and the incidence of inadvertent perioperative hypothermia (IPH) in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia in laminar airflow systems (LAS-OR) and conventional turbulent airflow systems (CAS-OR).

Background:

Different heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems are used in the operating room (OR), such as LAS and CAS. Laminar airflow is directed directly to the patient in LAS-OR. Does laminar airflow in ORs cause faster heat loss by convection?

Methods:

This is a prospective, randomized study. We divided 200 patients with simple randomization (1:1), as group LAS and group CAS, and took the patients into the LAS-OR or CAS-OR for the operation. Clinical trial number: IRCT20180324039145N3. The tympanic membrane temperatures of patients were measured (°C) before anesthesia induction ( T 0) and then every 15 min during surgery ( Tn). Changes (Δ n) between T 0 and Tn were measured.

Results:

In the first 30 min, there was a temperature decrease of approximately 0.8 °C (1.44 °F) in both groups. Temperature decreases at 45 min were higher in group LAS than in group CAS but not statistically significant, Δ45, respectively, 0.89 (95% confidence interval [CI] [0.77, 1.02]) versus 0.77 (95% CI [0.69, 0.84]; p = .09). IPH occurred in a total of 60.9% (112 of 184) of patients in the entire surgical evaluation period in group LAS and group CAS (58.9% vs. 62.8%, p = . 59).

Conclusions:

IPH is seen frequently in both HVAC systems. Clinically, the advantage of HVAC systems relative to each other has not been demonstrated during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Early Sport Specialization Linked to Throwing Arm Function and Upper Extremity Injury History in College Baseball Players
Authors: Croci Jason , Nicknair Jim , Goetschius John
Published: February 2021

Background:

Evidence suggests that shoulder and elbow injuries account for 31% to 37% of all National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) baseball injuries, and up to 69% of NCAA baseball injuries are the result of noncontact and overuse mechanisms. Early sport specialization may contribute to the high rates of upper extremity injuries in college baseball players.

Hypothesis:

Higher specialization by age 13 years would be associated with worse subjective throwing arm function and a greater history of shoulder and elbow injury.

Study Design:

Cohort study.

Level of Evidence:

Level 2.

Methods:

Survey data were collected from college baseball players (N = 129) during midseason of the spring 2019 baseball season. Participants were stratified in low, moderate, and high specialization groups based on a 3-criteria sports specialization questionnaire. Participants’ throwing arm function was measured using the Functional Arm Scale for Throwers and the Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Clinic shoulder and elbow questionnaires. Participants’ history of a shoulder or elbow injury that resulted in missing ≥2 weeks of baseball activity at any point in their baseball career was also collected.

Results:

The high specialization group reported worse subjective throwing arm function on the Functional Arm Scale for Throwers questionnaire than the low ( P = 0.03) and moderate ( P = 0.01) specialization groups. The high specialization group was over 5 times more likely to report a history of shoulder injury than the moderate (odds ratio [OR] = 5.42; 95% CI [1.71, 17.2]; P = 0.004) and low (OR = 5.20; 95% CI [1.87, 14.5]; P = 0.002) specialization groups, and over 3 times more likely to report a history of elbow injury than the moderate specialization group (OR = 3.77; 95% CI [1.05, 13.6]; P = 0.04).

Conclusion:

College baseball players that were highly specialized by age 13 years reported worse subjective throwing arm function and were more likely to have a history of upper extremity injury than players that were moderate or low specialization.

Clinical Relevance:

Early specialization in baseball may be detrimental to long-term upper extremity health in college baseball players.
Recognizing Aphemia and How to Differentiate From Aphasia in the Era of Telemedicine
Authors: Kasturiarachi Brittany M. , Krishnaiah Balaji
Published: February 2021

Background:

Aphemia, or pure motor mutism, is a phenomenon that has been reported previously in the literature and typically is associated with small infarcts in the inferior dominant precentral gyrus, pars opercularis, or inferior perirolandic gyrus. Clinically, it is important to distinguish aphemia from aphasia syndromes. Telemedicine is becoming more prevalent and involving neurologists across the country. This is an important consideration when addressing aphemic patients as many mistakes can be made during a virtual exam clouding a patient’s clinical picture.

Case Presentation:

Our patient is a 61-year-old female with a past medical history of hypertension, diabetes, and an old right frontoparietal stroke without any residual deficits. She presented after her family stated that she “quit speaking” for about seven hours. Initial neurological evaluation was done via telemedicine due to the COVID-19 pandemic and was pertinent for decreased consciousness, inability to answer either orientation question, a right facial droop, and aphasia. Later it was found that the patient exhibited a pure motor mutism rather than aphasia and had an MRI lesion in the left inferior precentral gyrus.

Conclusion:

Differentiating aphemia from aphasia is an important clinical skill for a neurologist to foster especially in the era of telemedicine. An intimate knowledge of the parts of a speech exam are vital in directing emergency staff during stroke evaluation. Additionally, distinguishing these clinical syndromes has implications with respect to prognosis and long-term rehabilitation.