bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TINGKAT AKSESIBILITAS PEJALAN KAKI (STUDI KASUS PEJALAN KAKI STASIUN DEPOK BARU)
Authors: Ikhsan Hobir Nur , Hadi Winoto , Chrisnawati Yusfita
Published: January 2021

This research aims to find out the accessibility levels for pedestrian in Depok Baru Stastion based on time. The method used is observation include with the desk approach. The research is to find out walking distance the pedestrian walking along transfer process for transportation mode. Number of pedestrians that will be taken as many as 100 pedestrians from 3 points. The result of this research will accessibility index (AI) score with Public Transportation Accessibility Levels (PTAL) which based on time and transportation mode (railway as commuter line and car public transport). The result showed accessibility index levels for commuter line at 06.00 – 09.00 is 8,36 (poor) from Raya Margonda, and 9,37 (poor) from market area and Jl. Baru. Accessibility indeks levels for commuter line at 09.00 – 12.00 is 8,35 (poor) from Jl. Raya Margonda, 5,14 from Jl. Baru, and 5,00 from market area (very poor). Accessibility indeks levels for car public transport at 12.00 – 15.00 is 36,45 (excellent) to Jl. Raya Margonda, 36,46 (excellent) to Jl. Baru, and 84,29 (excellent) to market area. Accessibility index levels for car public transport at 15.00 – 18.00 is 27,35 (excellent) to Jl. Raya Margonda, 45,36 (excellent) to Jl. Baru, and 36,72 (excellent) to market area. Overall, accessibility index levels at Depok Baru Station is poor for commuter line and excellent for car public transport.
El viaje en Palmerín de Olivia: sentido y estructura
Authors: Admin Ojs
Published: January 2021

El presente artículo estudia la estructura de los episodios relativos a los viajes del protagonista de Palmerín de Olivia, publicado en 1511, y cómo la disposición narrativa de estos relatos se relaciona con la configuración de los personajes. De esta manera se demuestra que la narración de los dos viajes marítimos que realiza el caballero está claramente imbricada en su construcción como personaje.
Juan Enríquez de Zúñiga y los límites de la prosa de ficción
Authors: Admin Ojs
Published: January 2021

Juan Enríquez de Zúñiga fue un escritor que nunca olvidó su faceta de jurista y un jurista que recurrió a la escritura como medio de difusión de sus ideas desde una perspectiva cristiana. Queda claro en los Consejos políticos y morales, pero ya se empieza a advertir en sus dos primeros textos (Amor con vista e Historia de las fortunas de Semprilis y Genorodano) que no son solo “historias fingidas”, sino libros de entretenimiento que perseguían la utilidad.
El verdugo de Honoré de Balzac. Sobre España, el secreto y las cabezas cortadas
Authors: Admin Ojs
Published: January 2021

El verdugo (1830) de Honoré de Balzac es un relato corto cuya trama seudo-histórica no deja de fascinar. Así, el ámbito de la guerra de la Independencia española abarca una terrible historia de cabezas cortadas, de una noble dinastía ejecutada por uno de sus miembros, a fin de salvar la honra. Este relato encierra, de manera más o menos solapada, la historia íntima, y un punto turbia, de una familia ficticia, la cual parece sugerir algo acerca de la secreta historia de la de Balzac e incluso sobre el mismísimo Honoré.
The Rise of Spanish American Poetry 1500 1700. Literary and Cultural Transmission in the New World | Rodrigo Cacho Casal e Imogen Choi (eds.)
Authors: Admin Ojs
Published: January 2021

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Miguel Hernández y los poetas hispanoamericanos y otras páginas hernandistas | José M. Balcells Doménech
Authors: Admin Ojs
Published: January 2021

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Teatro y filosofía en los inicios del siglo XXI | José Romera Castillo
Authors: Admin Ojs
Published: January 2021

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Front Matter
Authors: Mann Tony
Published: January 2021

Table of Contents, MSOR Connections Vol 19 no 1
Evidences of quaternary paleoseismicity in hydromagmatics deposits in the Campo de Calatrava volcanic region (central Spain)
Authors: Rafael U. Gosálvez, Rafael Becerra, Estela Escobar Elena González,
Published: January 2021

Resumen
Sensitivity of Digital Rock Method for Pore-Space Estimation to Heterogeneity in Carbonate Formations
Authors: Sharma Ravi , Malik Shruti , Shettar Adithya Shashidhara
Published: January 2021

With advancements in technology and computational capacity, the method of digital rock physics (DRP) for characterizing the storage and flow properties of a reservoir is gradually taking up the space that was once dominated by conventional methods such as routine core analysis (RCA) and special core analysis (SCAL). Unlike RCA and SCAL, the DRP method provides a nondestructive approach to deal with the core samples, which in a way is also more repeatable, economic, and is a clear improvement over the existing conventional methods in terms of its flexibility to experience the multiphysics of the rock and fluids. However, DRP still has some lacunae because the available algorithms have limitations in handling various challenges of complex lithology, such as grain/pore-boundary transition, soft/hard-matter transition, and imprints of intensity gradients of a 3D structure on 2D slices. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed a new approach to handle multiple issues by optimizing the segmentation algorithms and putting them together to standardize workflows (WFs) for reliable determination of the pore volume (PV), which could be verified with the field observation of porosity obtained using industry-standard laboratory methods and well logs. More emphasis was placed on the adaptability of the WF to deal with varying heterogeneity in the rocks.

In this work, we proposed five WFs and compared them with the standard algorithms (including edge detections, watershed, and global thresholding) in terms of accuracy and computation time for a set of four homogeneous and four heterogeneous samples. We found that WF3 was the one that consistently performed better than all other WFs and some of the popular algorithms when compared one to one. We used a data-conditioning filter, contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization (CLAHE)—a practice used in medical imagery—for local contrast enhancement in the heterogeneous carbonates to increase the signal/noise ratio of the rock-sample images. It successfully handled the contrast variability caused by the pockets of low illumination in the heterogeneous samples. Its limitation has also been detailed in the paper.
Incidence, bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of neonatal sepsis in a tertiary health facility in Abuja, North-central Nigeria.
Authors: Oluyinka Olutunde , Airede Kareem I. , Olateju Kudi E. , Stephen Obaro K. , Izevbigie Nosakhare , Iloh Kenechukwu K. , Igbokwe Obianuju , Osuorah Chidiebere Donatus Ignatius
Published: January 2021

Background: Neonatal sepsis is commonly caused by bacteria in the first 28 days of life. Due to diagnostic limitations in developing settings, prompt laboratory identification of causative organisms is usually a challenge. To prevent mortality, clear knowledge of bacteria and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns are important for prompt empirical treatment. Methods: This prospective study enrolled 339 newborns with signs and symptoms suggestive of neonatal sepsis out of 645 that were admitted into the special care unit of the University of Teaching Hospital during the study period. Socio-demographic and clinical profiles of the newborns were obtained using a questionnaire and blood culture was done from every enrolled newborn (339 newborns) using BACTEC 9050. The bacteriological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of newborns with confirmed neonatal sepsis were documented. Results: A total of 339 newborn were admitted for probable sepsis out of a total admission of 645 newborns during the study period based on clinical features and initial laboratory work-up. Forty-six of the 645 newborns (46/645) had culture proven sepsis resulting in a neonatal sepsis incidence rate of 71.3 (95%CI 50.7-91.9) per 1000 admitted newborns. Seventeen of the 46 confirmed sepsis cases were among the 1322 newborns delivered within the study facility during the study period giving an in-hospital neonatal sepsis incidence rate of 12.9 (95% CI 6.7-19.0) per 1000 live births. Amongst the 46 babies with positive blood culture, 27/46 (58.7%) had normal white cell count while the remaining 19/46 (41.3%) had abnormal results. Fifty-two (52) counts of bacteria categorized into 11 bacteria species were isolated from the 46 positive blood cultures. Enterococcus spp and streptococcus species were the commonest gram-positive while Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas luteola were the commonest gram-negative bacteria isolates. Imipenem, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, Vancomycin, and ofloxacin had the widest coverage of bacteria isolated from newborn with sepsis. Conclusion: Neonatal sepsis is still prevalent in our environment and compared to previous documented isolates and sensitivity pattern, the bacteria causes, and their antibiotic sensitivity patterns appears to be changing.
Response of wheat DREB transcription factor to drought stress based on DNA methylation
Authors: Zhu Yanqiu , Wang Huihui , Jia Wenjing , Wei Xiaoyan , Duan Zhikun , Qi Qianting , Jiang Lina , Zhou Yanqing , Duan Hongying
Published: January 2021

Background: The growth and development of wheat are seriously influenced by drought, dehydration responsive element binding protein (DREB) plays an important role in the response of plant to drought stress, but epigenetic regulation for gene expression of DREB transcription factor is less studied, especially the regulatory role of DNA methylation has not been reported.Results: In this research, DREB2, DREB6 and Wdreb2 were cloned from wheat AK58, and one 712-bp intron was identified in DREB6. Although AP2/EREBP domains of DREB2, DREB6 and Wdreb2 showed 73.25% identity, they belong to different types of DREB transcription factor. Under drought stress, different transcript expression patterns of DREB2, DREB6 and Wdreb2 were observed, and their expression had tissue specificity, was obviously higher in leaves. Promoters of DREB2, DREB6 and Wdreb2 were further studied, some elements related to stresses were found, and the promoters of DREB2 and Wdreb2 were slightly methylated, but DREB6 promoter was moderately methylated. Compared with the control, the level of promoter methylation in DREB2 and DREB6 decreased after 2 h stress treatment, and then increased, which was opposite in Wdreb2 promoter, the status of promoter methylation in DREB2, DREB6 and Wdreb2 also had significant changes under drought stress. Further analysis showed that promoter methylation of DREB6 and Wdreb2 was negatively correlated with their expression, especially in Wdreb2. Conclusions: Our data suggest the different functions of DREB2, DREB6 and Wdreb2 in response to drought stress, and demonstrate the strong effects of promoter methylation on the regulation of Wdreb2 and DREB6 gene expression.
Evidence on collaboration of traditional and biomedical practitioners in the management of antimicrobial resistance in sub-Saharan Africa over 15 years: A systematic review protocol
Authors: MUSHEBENGE AGANZE GLOIRE-AIME , KADIMA MUKANDA Gedeon , MASHAMBA-THOMPSON TIVANI Phosa , NLOOTO MANIMBULU
Published: January 2021

Background The overuse of prescribed antimicrobials, concurrent use of traditional medicine, and prescribed antimicrobials have led to antimicrobial resistance. The absence of collaboration between traditional health practitioners and biomedically trained healthcare professionals can contribute to antimicrobial resistance, treatment failure, overdose, toxicity, and misadministration. This scoping review explores the evidence on collaboration between traditional health practitioners and biomedically trained healthcare professionals to reduce antimicrobial resistance and treatment failure in bacterial and viral diseases. Methods/design We will search for electronic databases such as Science Direct, Google Scholar, PubMed, MEDLINE via EBSCOhost. We will also search reference lists of included studies. A two-stage mapping procedure will be carried out. Stage one (1) will consist of the title, abstracts, and full article screening, respectively. A pilot screening form guided by the defined eligibility criteria will be used. Stage two (2), data will be extracted from the included studies. Two reviewers will conduct parallel screening and data extraction. Mixed methods appraisal tool (MMAT) will be used to assess the quality of the included studies. NVIVO version 11 will be employed to aid pertinent thematic analysis. The outcomes of interest will be as follows: Primary outcome will be preventing and reducing antimicrobial resistance. The secondary effect is the effective collaboration between traditional healthcare practitioners and biomedically healthcare professionals. Discussion This review anticipates uncovering pertinent publications reporting the evidence of collaboration between traditional health practitioners and biomedically trained healthcare professionals to reduce antimicrobial resistance in sub-Saharan Africa. The sum-up of evidence acquired from the included studies will help guide future research. The result of the study will be print and electronically exposed. Systematic review registration ID: PROSPERO CRD42017072952
Dissecting Dynamics near the Glass Transition
Authors: Akkaoui Khalil , Schlenoff Joe
Published: January 2021

Though the strong transformation in mechanical properties of glass-forming materials near the glass transition, Tg, has been recognized and exploited for millenia, efforts to understand and predict this phenomenon at a molecular level continue to this day. Close to Tg, where relaxation is considerably slower than predicted by the well-known Arrhenius equation, one of the most versatile and widely-used expressions to describe the dynamics or relaxation of glass formers is that of Vogel, Fulcher and Tammann (VFT). The VFT equation, introduced nearly 100 years ago, contains three adjustable fit parameters. In this work the dynamics of the polymer repeat units are related to macroscopic dynamics in polyelectrolyte complexes, which are hydrated amorphous blends of charged polymers. A simple expression, containing no freely adjustable fit parameters, is derived to quantitatively model relaxation from Tg to temperatures well into the Arrhenius region. The new expression, which also fits a selection of three common neutral polymers, will advance the understanding and use of the glass-forming phenomenon.
Problems of Designing Transport Systems of «siberian Antrazit»
Authors: Gorbunova Natalia , Mirkushov Oleg
Published: January 2021

The main aim of this work was to identify an optimal route design for the delivery of coal from the open pit mines to the enrichment plants on the example of the Sibathractic Group’s mine “Kolyvansk” and its enrichment plants «Listvjanskaja-1» and «Listvjanskaja-2». The new route would allow the corporation to increase production rates and to reduce the risks associated with the use of motor vehicles. Dynamic programming method, mainly the Bellman equation principle, was chosen as an algorithm for searching for the optimal route from Kolyvansky mine to the «Listvjanskaja-1» and «Listvjanskaja-2». In the course of the study the two possible routes were selected. Further comparison indicated that only one of them - “2nd railway track”, corresponded to all the recommended parameters for the delivery route. All the findings are presented in detail in the study.
Enantioselective Access to Dialkyl Amines and Alcohols via Ni-Catalyzed Reductive Hydroalkylations
Authors: Wang Shan , Zhang Tian-Yi , Zhang Jian-Xin , Meng Huan , Chen Bi-Hong , Shu Wei
Published: January 2021

Chiral dialkyl amines and alcohols are ubiquitous in pharmaceuticals, pesticides, natural products and fine chemicals, yet difficult to access due to the challenge to differentiate between the spatially and electronically similar alkyl groups. Herein, we report a nickel-catalyzed enantioselective reductive hydroalkylation of acyl enamines and enol esters with alkyl halides to afford enantioenriched α-branched aliphatic amines and alcohols in good yields with excellent levels of enantioselectivity. The operationally simple protocol provides a straightforward access to chiral dialkyl amine and alcohol derivatives from simple starting materials with great functional group tolerance.
Angiotensin‐(1‐7) Alleviates Autophagy Response Through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathway in Severe Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Li Chunyun , Yu Xiaozheng , Guo Yinan , Wang Xueyan , Liu Ruixia , Yin Chenghong
Published: January 2021

Background: Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a fatal medical emergency. The autophagy response is essential for cellular homeostasis, and plays an important role in SAP. We aimed to determine if angiotensin‐(1‐7), abbreviated as Ang1‐7, regulates the autophagy response in SAP and to elucidate the underlying mechanism.Methods: We used a rat model to investigate the effects of Ang1-7 on pancreatic pathomorphological damage and the autophagy response, which were evaluated using histological scoring and the quantification of the autophagy markers microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3) and p62/SQSTM (p62) by western blotting and immunohistochemistry. We treated rat pancreatic acinar AR42J cells with caerulein (CAE) to build an in vitro model. To prevent degradation of the autophagy markers, so that we could determine the increase in autophagic vacuolization, we used chloroquine to inhibit autophagosome and lysosome fusion. The PI3K inhibitor BEZ235 was used to suppress PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling. We observed the impact of Ang1-7 on the autophagy response and evaluated the underlying mechanism by detecting protein expressions of LC3 and p62.Results: In the rat SAP model, Ang1-7 significantly relieved pancreatic pathological damage. Ang1-7 also reduced autophagy protein markers, including the LC3-Ⅱ to LC3-Ⅰ ratio and the p62 level. In AR42J cells, the autophagy markers significantly increased after treatment with CAE and chloroquine. The autophagy response was significantly alleviated after treatment of the cells with Ang1-7, while blocking the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway remarkably counteracted this effect.Conclusions: Our results indicated that Ang1-7 alleviated the autophagy response in SAP via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.
Passing On The Baton: Professional Nurses As Role Models in Professional Socialisation of Leaner Nurses in Limpopo Province.
Authors: Mafumo Julia , Netshikweta Lizzbeth , Maputle Maria
Published: January 2021

Background: Professional nurses play a significant role in the professional socialisation of learners as learners look up to them as seniors. Learners come into the profession with the values and norms from the different societies where they grew up. These learners do not possess the ethics and skills in the nursing profession and rely on professional nurses to pass these qualities. The objective of the study was to explore the perception of professional nurses regarding their role as role models in the profession. Methods: A qualitative, explorative design was used to collect data from professional nurses. No probability purposive sampling was used to select professional nurses working at sampled hospitals where learners are placed for clinical practice. The selection criteria were an experience of three years and above in professional socialisation of learners. Data was collected through a semi structured interview. An interview guide was used to ask the appropriate questions related to the role modelling of professional nurses in the profession. Data was collected until saturation was reached. Tesch’s open coding system was used to analyse data Results: The findings revealed that professional nurses acknowledged their responsibilities role modelling of the profession in professional socialisation of learners. Three main themes that emerged from the study were professional nurses as mentors, professional nurses as teachers and professional nurses as competent practitioners. Professional nurses were aware of their role in transferring the ethical skills and knowledge to learners during clinical placement. However professional nurses also acknowledged that there were incidences where professional nurses behave in a manner that does not promote exemplary role modelling. Conclusion: The professional nurses should uphold the moral ethics of the profession always to teach learners the correct and acceptable behaviour and conduct in the profession. Children learn from adults therefore the learners copy the conducts of the adults in the profession. Through teaching in the clinical areas, professional nurses transfer the skills that they have. Mostly teaching in the clinical areas is informal and observed. Therefore, professional nurses should use teachable moments to transfer skills. Lastly the professional nurse is expected to be a competent practitioner. Learners learn these skills when professional nurses are executing them. The competent practitioner is also confident in practice.
Genome Wide Pleiotropic Analysis to Identify Novel Variants
and Improve Genetic Risk Score Construction
Authors: Zhu Xiaofeng , Zhu Luke , Wang Heming , Cooper Richard , Chakravarti Aravinda
Published: January 2021

Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (S/DBP) are highly correlated and modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). We report here a bidirectional Mendelian Randomization (MR) and GWAS pleiotropy analysis of S/DBP summary statistics from large published BP GWAS and construct a composite genetic risk score (GRS), capturing respectively 21%, 11%, and 227% more of SBP, DBP and PP heritability than achieved with the traditional GRS. The composite GRS improves the prediction of hypertension and CVD in persons of European as well as African and Asian descent. We identified and confirmed 120 novel BP pleiotropic variants that are not in linkage disequilibrium with known variants, including 17 novel BP loci. We further observed significant age-modulated genetic effects on BP, hypertension and CVD in both Europeans and Asians. Our study provides further insight into BP regulation and provides a novel way to construct a GRS for correlated traits.
Incubation Period of Coronavirus Disease 2019: New Implications for Intervention and Control
Authors: LI Jing , DAI Chengguqiu , TIE Zihan , XU Jiazhao , XIONG Xiang , HAO Xingjie , WANG Zhongyi , LU Chan , HUANG Shunxiang
Published: January 2021

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic raging around the world has caused serious disasters to mankind. The incubation period is a key parameter for epidemic control and also an important basis for epidemic prediction, but its distribution law remain unclear. Methods: The incubation period T was described by the accelerated failure time models, and the principle of interval-censored data processing and estimation methods were used. Statistical analysis were performed on R-4.0.2 software using “coarseDataTools 0.6-5” package to optimize the parameters to be estimated and calculate the confidence interval. The optimization method used when solving the maximum likelihood function is the simplex method. We used bootstrap re-sampling procedures with 1000 iterations to estimate the confidence interval. Results: Here we analyzed the epidemiological information of 787 confirmed non-Wuhan resident cases, and systematically studied the characteristics of the incubation period of COVID-19 based on the interval-censored data estimation method. Through the statistical analysis of the overall and 7 types of sub-group samples, it was concluded that the incubation period of COVID-19 approximately conformed to the Gamma distribution with a mean value of 7.8 (95%CI: 7.4-8.5) days and a median value of 7.0 (95%CI: 6.7-7.3) days. Conclusions: The incubation period was positively correlated with age and negatively correlated with disease severity. Female cases presented a slightly higher incubation period than that of males. The incubation period of cases with travel history to Hubei and multiple exposures was shorter. The proportion of infected persons who developed symptoms within 14 days was 91.6%. These results are of great significance to the prevention and control of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Efficacy of EGFR-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients With Synchronous Brain Metastasis: A Real-World Study
Authors: Choi Jin-Hyuk , Choi Yong Won , Lee Hyun Woo , Kang Seok Yun , Jeong Geum Sook , Ahn Mi Sun , Oh Young-Taek , Nho O kyu , Kim Se-Hyuk , Roh Tae Hoon , Sheen Seung Soo
Published: January 2021

Background: The optimal treatment (Tx) for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients (pts) with brain metastasis (BM) remains to be determined. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on 77 NSCLC pts with synchronous BM who underwent first-line EGFR-TKI Tx (gefitinib: 46, erlotinib: 11, afatinib: 20). The outcomes of pts were analyzed according to the clinicopathological characteristics including local Tx modalities.Results: Fifty-nine pts underwent local Tx for BM (gamma knife surgery (GKS): 37, whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT): 18, others: 4) concurrently or sequentially with EGFR-TKI. Pts treated with TKI alone showed significantly lower incidence of central nervous system (CNS) symptoms (p=0.006), with a tendency toward a smaller number of BM lesions compared with those who received local treatment. The median progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) after the initiation of EGFR-TKI for all pts were 9 and 19 months, respectively. In 60 pts with follow-up brain imaging, the median intracranial PFS was 15 months. Pts with EGFR exon 19 deletion (n=42) had a significantly longer median OS than those with L858R mutation (n=25) or other mutations (n=10) (23 vs. 17 months, p=0.010). Other clinical characteristics, including CNS symptoms (p=0.410), number of BM (p=0.709), and the use of local Tx (p=0.834), were not associated with OS, as well as PFS. In terms of the local optimal treatment modality, no difference was found between GKS and WBRT in the OS and PFS.Conclusions: This study suggests that EGFR-TKI may result in a favorable outcome in NSCLC pts with synchronous BM, especially in deletion 19 mutant, regardless of the extent of BM lesions or local Tx modalities. Pts with asymptomatic BM can be treated with EGFR-TKI and careful surveillance.
Benign and Malignant Part-Solid Nodules: Differentiation Via Thin-Section Computed Tomography
Authors: Chu Zhi-gang , Li Wang-jia , Lv Fa-jin , Tan Yi-wen , Fu Bing-jie
Published: January 2021

Background: Pulmonary part-solid nodules (PSNs) are reported to have a high possibility of malignancy, while benign PSNs are not rare. This study aimed to reveal the differences between benign and malignant PSNs by comparing their thin-section CT features.Methods: Patients with PSNs confirmed by postoperative pathological examination or follow-up (at the same period) were retrospectively enrolled from March 2016 to January 2020. The clinical data of patients and CT features of benign and malignant PSNs were reviewed and compared. The binary logistic regression analysis was performed to reveal predictors of malignant PSNs.Results: A total of 119 PSNs in 117 patients (mean age, 56 years ± 11 [standard deviation]; 70 women) were evaluated. Of the 119 PSNs, 44 (37.0%) were benign, and 75 (63.0%) were malignant (12 adenocarcinomas in situ, 22 minimally invasive adenocarcinomas, and 41 invasive adenocarcinomas). Between benign and malignant PSNs, there were significant differences in patients’ age and smoking history. Regarding CT characteristics, malignant lesions and benign lesions significantly differed in CT features of whole nodule, internal solid component, and peripheral ground-glass opacity. The binary logistic regression analysis revealed that well-defined border (odds ratio [OR], 4.574; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.186-17.643; P=0.027) and lobulation (OR, 61.739; 95% CI, 5.230-728.860; P=0.001) of nodule, and irregular shape (OR, 9.502; 95% CI, 1.788-50.482; P=0.008) and scattered distribution (OR, 13.238; 95% CI, 1.359-128.924; P=0.026) of internal solid components were significant independent predictors distinguishing malignant PSNs.Conclusions: Well-defined and lobulated PSNs with irregular and scattered solid components have a high probability of being malignant.
Impact of cavity on interatomic Coulombic decay
Authors: Cederbaum Lorenz , Kuleff Alexander
Published: January 2021

The impact of quantum light on interatomic Coulombic decay (ICD) is investigated. In ICD the excess energy of an excited atom A is efficiently utilized to ionize a neighboring atom B. In quantum light an ensemble of atoms A form polaritonic states which can undergo ICD with B. It is shown that this process is dramatically altered compared to classical ICD. The ICD rate depends sensitively on the atomic distribution and orientation of the ensemble. General consequences are discussed.
The Consistency Testing and Improving of A Hematuria Colorimetric Card
Authors: Wang Wei , Shi Luping , Zhang Jianghui , Ding Li , Dai Yun , Luo Jie , He Qingwei
Published: January 2021

Background: A Hematuria colorimetric card could unify the description of gross hematuria, but the consistency in assessing hematuria samples of a hematuria colorimetric card for gross hematuria is still inconclusive. The consistency testing and improving of hematuria colorimetric card has potential clinical application value.Methods: According to 6 color scales (0~5), 31 hematuria samples were made. One sample was used to explain the use of hematuria colorimetric cards, and then the evaluator was asked to describe the color. After the remaining 30 samples were arranged in a random number table, 30 evaluators independently completed the hematuria sample assessment under the same conditions. Kendall W coordination coefficient was used to test inter-observer consistency. After 1 hour, 30 hematuria samples were rearranged by random digital table method, 15 of which were randomly selected from 30 evaluators, and 30 samples were evaluated independently under the same conditions. Adopt the method of Kappa to test the consistency of the two evaluation results. Results: In the study, the evaluator lacked unity in describing the same hematuria color, including six groups of descriptive words: gross hematuria, light blood, light red, blood, scarlet, carmine. Inter-observer (inter-group) consistency test, Kendall coordination factor was 0.881(F=766.34), P<0.05), the result indicats higher inter-observer agreement. For intra-observer (intra-group) consistency test, the kappa value of nurses was 0.909~1(P<0.05), the value of doctors was 0.818~0.95(P<0.05), and the value of students was 0.863~0.911(P<0.05), the results showed that intra-observer agreement was also high. Consistency results between grade evaluation results of hematuria samples and standard color numbers: the average consistency of evaluation results of standard color numbers 0~5 was 100%, 100%, 94.2%, 65.2%, 38%, 65.8% respectively. The the 4th color block with low discrimination in the primary hematuria colorimetric card was eliminated, and the 5th color block was reassigned to 4th. Thus the modified hematuria colorimetric card was divided into 5 grades.Conclusions: The improved hematuria colorimetric card has good consistency in hematuria evaluation and is an effective tool for evaluating hematuria grade, which is helpful to unify the evaluation standard of gross hematuria grade.
Three-Dimensional Deep Learning to Automatically Generate Cranial Implant Geometry
Authors: Chang Yau-Zen , Wu Chieh-Tsai , Yang Yao-Hung
Published: January 2021

We present a 3D deep learning framework that can generate a complete cranial model using a defective one. The Boolean subtraction between these two models automatically generates the geometry of the implant required for surgical reconstruction. There is little or no need for post-processing to eliminate noise in the implant model generated by the proposed approach. The framework can be used to meet the repair needs of cranial imperfections caused by trauma, congenital defects, plastic surgery, or tumor resection. Traditional implant design methods for skull reconstruction rely on the mirror operation. However, these approaches have great limitations when the defect crosses the plane of symmetry or the patient's skull is asymmetrical. The proposed deep learning framework is based on an enhanced three-dimensional autoencoder. Each training sample for the framework is a pair consisting of a cranial model converted from CT images and a corresponding model with simulated defects on it. Our approach can learn the spatial distribution of the upper part of normal cranial bones and use flawed cranial data to predict its complete geometry. Empirical research on simulated defects and actual clinical applications shows that our framework can meet most of the requirements of cranioplasty.
Paradoxical fMRI overconnectivity upon chemogenetic silencing of the prefrontal cortex
Authors: Rocchi Federico , Canella Carola , Noei Shahryar , Gutierrez-Barragan Daniel , Coletta Ludovico , Galbusera Alberto , Vassanelli Stefano , Pasqualetti Massimo , Iurilli Giuliano , Panzeri Stefano , Gozzi Alessandro
Published: January 2021

While shaped and constrained by axonal connections, fMRI-based functional connectivity can reorganize in response to varying interareal input or pathological perturbations. However, the causal contribution of regional brain activity to whole-brain fMRI network organization remains unclear. Here we combine neural silencing, resting-state fMRI and in vivo electrophysiology to causally probe how inactivation of a cortical node affects brain-wide fMRI coupling in the mouse. We find that chronic suppression of the medial prefrontal cortex (PFC) via overexpression of a potassium channel paradoxically increases fMRI connectivity between the silenced area and its direct thalamo-cortical terminals. Acute chemogenetic inactivation of the PFC reproduces analogous patterns of fMRI overconnectivity, with increased fMRI coupling between polymodal thalamic regions and widespread cortical areas. Using multielectrode electrophysiological recordings, we further show that chemogenetic inactivation of the PFC results in enhanced slow (0.1 - 4 Hz) oscillatory coupling between fMRI overconnected areas, and that changes in δ band coherence are linearly correlated with corresponding increases in fMRI connectivity. These results provide causal evidence that cortical inactivation does not necessarily lead to reduced inter-areal coupling, but can counterintuitively increase fMRI connectivity via enhanced, less-localized slow oscillatory processes, with important implications for modelling and understanding fMRI overconnectivity in pathological states.
Saliva-Dry LAMP: A Rapid Near-Patient Detection System for SARS-CoV-2.
Authors: Toppings Noah , Mohon Abu , Lee Yoonjung , Kumar Hitendra , Lee Daniel , Kapoor Raitk , Singh Gurmukh , Oberding Lisa , Abdullah Omar , Kim Keekyoung , Berenger Byron , Pillai Dylan
Published: January 2021

The highly infectious nature of SARS-CoV-2 necessitates the use of widespread testing to control the spread of the virus. Presently, the standard molecular testing method (reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, RT-PCR) is restricted to the laboratory, time-consuming, and costly. This increases the turnaround time for getting test results. The study sought to develop a rapid, near-patient saliva-based test for COVID-19 with similar accuracy to that of standard RT-PCR tests. A lyophilized dual-target reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) test with fluorometric detection by the naked eye. The assay relies on dry reagents that are room temperature stable. A device containing a centrifuge, heat block, and blue LED light system was manufactured to reduce the cost of performing the assay. This test has a limit of detection of 1 copy/µL and achieved positive percent agreement of 100% [95% CI 88.43% to 100.0%] and negative percent agreement of 96.7% [95% CI 82.78% to 99.92%] on saliva. Saliva-Dry LAMP can be completed in 105 minutes. Precision, cross-reactivity, and interfering substances analysis met international regulatory standards. The combination of ease of sample collection, dry reagents, visual detection, low capital equipment cost, and excellent analytical sensitivity make Saliva-Dry LAMP particularly useful for resource-limited settings.
Bifunctional biomorphic SiC ceramics embedded molten salts for ultrafast thermal and solar energy storage
Authors: Qiao Xu , Liu Xianglei , Luo Qinyang , Song Yanan , Wang Haolei , Chen Meng , Xuan Yimin , Li Yongliang , Ding Yulong
Published: January 2021

Phase change materials (PCMs) are regarded as one of the most promising candidates for thermal energy storage due to possessing large energy storage densities and maintaining nearly a constant temperature during charging/discharging processes. However, the intrinsically low thermal conductivity of PCMs has become a bottleneck for rapid energy transport and storage. Here, we present a strategy to achieve ultrafast solar and thermal energy storage based on biomorphic SiC skeletons embedded NaCl-KCl molten salts. A record-high thermal conductivity of 116 W/mK is achieved by replicating cellular structure of oak wood, leading to an ultrafast thermal energy storage rate compared with molten salts alone. By further decorating TiN nanoparticles on SiC skeletons, the solar absorptance is enhanced to be as high as 95.63 % via exciting broadband plasmonic resonances. Excellent thermal transport and solar absorption properties enable designed composites to have bifunctional capabilities of harvesting both thermal energy and solar energy very rapidly. This work opens a new route for the design of bifunctional energy storage materials for ultrafast solar and thermal energy storage.
Metabolic Syndrome Components and the Risk of Pulmonary Nodules: A Cross‐sectional Study in Northern China
Authors: Chen Chengshui , Zhu Mingyang , Chen Xueyu , Zhou Yong , Zhang Xiaocheng , Shi Qiangqiang , Zhou Tengfei , Hu Yiran , Chen Junjie
Published: January 2021

Objective: The components of metabolic syndrome have been shown to be associated with lung cancer. Pulmonary nodules (PNs), early predictors of lung cancer, have become common incidental findings with the widespread use of low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) but few epidemiological studies have been performed. The present study aimed to determine the association between MetS and/or its components with PNs in Chinese adults.Methods:A total of 3,340 participants (51.4% women) aged 18 years or older were included from the Jidong communities. MetS was defined by the criteria from the American Heart Association, and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (AHA/NHLBI). PNs were detected using LDCT. Results:The prevalence rate of PNs was 19.2% in participants with MetS, while 12.8% in healthy controls (P<0.001). The odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence internal (CI) for PNs in participants with elevated blood pressure (≥130/85 mmHg or on drugs for treatment of hypertension) was OR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.01–1.51. Compared to individuals without MetS components, the ORs (95% CI) for PNs development among those with 1, 2, and ≥3 MetS components were 1.25 (0.94–1.67), 1.10 (0.82–1.48), and 1.43 (1.08–1.89), respectively (P for trend =0.04). Moreover, individuals with MetS had an approximately 30% increased risk of PNs than those who did not meet the MetS diagnostic criteria (number of MetS components<3) ( OR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.03–1.61). Conclusion:The present study suggested that PNs was associated with abnormal MetS components in Chinese adults. Individuals with MetS might have a higher PNs risk than those without MetS.
Association Between The Point-Rating System Used for Oral Health and The Prevalence of Gram-Negative Bacilli in Hematological Inpatients: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Yoshizawa Kunio , Moroi Akinori , iguchi Ran , Yokomichi Hiroshi , Ogihara Shinji , Nakajima Kei , Kirito Keita , Ueki Koichiro
Published: January 2021

Background: Gram-negative bacteremia is a major cause of death among hematology inpatients who require heavy-dose chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Gram-negative bacillus (GNB) is more likely to be detected when the oral health is poor. However, there is a dearth of studies on the relationship between oral assessment and prevalence of GNB in hematology inpatients.Methods: This prospective study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the original point-rating system for oral health examinations (point-oral exam) and the prevalence of GNB in hematology inpatients at the hematology ward of the Yamanashi University Hospital. GNB was detected by cultivating samples from the sputum and blood of each patient.Results: A total of 129 subjects underwent a medical checkup and point-oral exam. The sputum and blood culture results of 55 patients were included in this study. The total points of patients positive for GNB (n = 25, 45.5%) were significantly higher than those who were negative for GNB (total score: median, 25th, 75th, percentile; 6 (4, 7) vs 2 (1, 4); p = 0.00016). Based on the receiver operating characteristic analysis, a cutoff score of 5 proved to be most useful to detect GNB.Conclusion: An oral evaluation with a cutoff value of 5 or higher in the point-oral exam might indicate the need for a more thorough oral management to prevent the development of systemic infections from GNB.
Beneficial Effects of Liposome Containing Arthrocen (ROCEN)) on Atopic Dermatitis in Mice
Authors: Goudarzi Ramin , Eskandarynasab Maryam , Muhammadnejad Ahad , Dehpour Ahmad Reza , Partoazar Alireza
Published: January 2021

Objective: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease caused mainly by the immune stimulus. The current study aimed to investigate the effects of liposome containing arthrocen (ROCEN) and its comparison with betamethasone (Beta) on mice subjected to AD. Methods: First of all, the risk assessment of ROCEN sensitization was done, then mice were subjected to oxazolone (Oxa) for chronic AD induction and treatment. Scratching and wiping behaviors related to dermatitis were evaluated in animals treated topically with ROCEN. The histological and immunohistochemistry analysis of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were conducted to the dorsal skin of treated rats. Results: The results showed that cutaneous administration of ROCEN on sensitized mice for 5 weeks, alleviated significantly scratching and wiping symptoms, erythema, scaling, and edema in animals’ skin. Moreover, histological indices showed that ROCEN reduced effectively leucocyte infiltration and improved skin healing parameters in AD mice. Immunohistochemically markers of IL-8 and TNF-α were hindered significantly by ROCEN in dermal tissues of mice. Conclusion: ROCEN potentiated alleviation of the AD symptoms rather than betamethasone drug in an experimental model.
Stress Urinary Incontinence After Holmium Laser Enucleation of Prostate: Incidence and Risk Factors
Authors: ye haixia , codas ricardo , daily theresa , badet lionel , colombel marc , fassi-fehri hakim
Published: January 2021

Objectives: To evaluate the incidence and the risk factors of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) during the first year after HoLEP.Patients and Methods: This study presents a monocentric and retrospective study including 155 patients who underwent HoLEP for benign prostatic hyperplasia. The surgeries were performed by 2 expert surgeons. The continence was evaluated at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. The predictive factors of SUI were analysed by logistic regression.Results:The SUI rate at 1, 3 and 6 months was 11.3%, 10.7% and 4.1% respectively. SUI remained present in 4 patients (2.6%) at 12 months. The mean ICIQ-SF scores in patients with SUI were 10.3±6.09 and 8±4.24 at 1 and 12 months respectively (p <0.05). BMI>30 (OR, 4.69; 95% CI, 1.51–14.52; p=0.007) and patients over 70 years old (OR, 16.23; 95% CI, 1.96–134.09; p=0.010) were identified as independent risk factors for SUI at 1 and 3 months respectively.Conclusion: SUI after HoLEP is transitory in most cases. It is favoured by a high BMI and an age over 70. These criteria should be considered before choosing the operative technique and preventive measures must be taken in high-risk patients.
Entropy of Chaotic Transitions of EEG Phase Growth in Bipolar Disorder With Lithium Carbonate
Authors: Demirer Rüştü , Kesebir Sermin
Published: January 2021

The application of chaos theory measures in the association of EEG signals which allows for differentiating pre and postmedicated epochs for bipolar patients. We propose a new approach on positive Schwarzian chaos necessary for a proof of EEG power spectrum of metastability. Shannon entropies of those concealed patterns of positive Schwarzian derivatives from canonical angle transformations of EEG phases from Hilbert transform are compared and found significantly statistical different between pre and post medication periods. Entropy change of chaotic transition measures were compared at first baseline and then at the end of first hour of 300 mg lithium carbonate intake for the same subject in depressive patients. With an application of Schwarzian derivative on the prediction of the von Bertalanffy’s models, integration and segregation of phase growth orbits of neural oscillations can be understood as an influence of chaos on mixing of frequencies. A first order curve-fitting function was performed to determine bifurcation parameter of von Bertalanffy’s model at each given overlapped EEG segment. Schwarzian derivative was positive near the origin which revealed robust chaos. We founded that treatment with Lithium carbonate significantly altered Schwarzian spectrum of chaotic structure and entropy change in Schwarzian amplitudes even though it was not observed in classical EEG power spectrum. Lithium carbonate reduced the strong chaos spectrum of EEG Schwarzian dynamics and removed sharp boundaries in bipolar spectrum.
Identification of Novel Mutations of the CLCN-1 and SCN4A Genes in Non-dystrophic Myotonia in China
Authors: Meng Yanxin , Liu Chunmiao , Yu Mei , Zhang Haijuan , Yang Yuxiu
Published: January 2021

Background: The aim of our study was to characterize the genetic, pathological and clinical alterations of 17 patients in China presenting with non-dystrophic myotonia (NDM). Methods: We first sequenced the CLCN-1 gene in patients having clinical features and muscle pathology indicative of NDM. If no mutations were detected, we subsequently analyzed the SCN4A, KCNE3 and CACNA1S genes. Results: As determined by needle electromyography, patients may have accompanying atypical myopathy as well as muscle hypertrophy, secondary dystonia and joint contracture All participants in this study were administered mexiletine in combination with carbamazepine and showed significant improvements in their myotonia symptoms. Routine pathological examinations showed mild abnormalities in muscle pathology. Oxidative enzyme activity was decreased in many fibers. ATPase studies of fiber subtypes demonstrated a predominance of type 2A fibers and a complete absence of type 2B muscle fibers in patients with CLCN-1 mutations. CLCN-1 gene mutations were found in 8 cases diagnosed with myotonia congenital by gene screening. The detected mutations included 5 missense, 2 nonsense, 1 deletion and 2 insertions, and these CLCN-1 mutations were concentrated in exons 8 and 12. Further gene analysis showed 4 mutations in the SCN4A gene in patients diagnosed with paramyotonia congenita. One of these mutations was consistent with a previously reported mutation, whereas 3 mutations were novel. All of these novel mutations occurred within “hot spots” of exons 22 and 24. Five patients with NDM lacked any identifiable mutations in CLCN-1, SCN4A, CACNA1S or KCNE3. Conclusions: Myotonia congenita and paramyotonia congenita are the predominant forms of NDM in China. NDM may be best diagnosed using genetic analysis in combination with clinical features. New mutations of the CLCN-1 and SCN4A genes in patients with NDM were detected, we postulate that novel pathogenic genes for NDM occur in China.