bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
HALKLA İLİŞKİLER VE MEDYA: ARAÇ VE YÖNTEMLER ÜZERİNE BİR ÇALIŞMA
Authors: SİLSÜPÜR Özer
Published: March 2021

Halkla ilişkiler, kurumsal amaçlara ulaşmak için iç ve dış hedef kitlelerde doğruluk esasıyla hareket edilen, karşılıklı anlayışın geliştirildiği planlı iletişim çalışmalarını ifade etmektedir. Kurumların hedef kitleler zihinlerinde olumlu şekilde algılanmasına katkı sağlayan halkla ilişkiler faaliyetleri, medya ile kurulacak iletişim açısından da önem taşımaktadır. Halkla ilişkiler birimlerinin medya ile kuracağı iletişimde samimiyet, dürüstlük, açıklık gibi özelliklerin taşınması ve bu özelliklere sadık kalınarak diyalogun sağlam temellere oturtulması gerekmektedir. Ayrıca halkla ilişkiler birimlerinin medya ile kuracağı iki yönlü iletişimle gerek kurumun kendini kamuoyuna tanıtmasına gerekse de kamuoyunun kurum hakkında bilgi sahibi olmasına ve kurumu tanımasına da katkı sağlanmaktadır. Çalışmada, kurumların iç ve dış hedef kitleler açısından halkla ilişkilerden nasıl yararlanacağı, halkla ilişkilerde kullanılan araç ve yöntemler, medya ile ilişki kurulurken yararlanılan etkinlikler literatür taraması yapılarak açıklanmıştır. Bu bağlamda çalışma, halkla ilişkiler ve medya ilişkileri bağıntısını kurmak kaydıyla Türkiye’de halkla ilişkilerin kuramsal gelişimine katkı sağlamayı amaçlamaktadır.
A confluence of two rivers: A reflection on the meeting point between community development and higher education teaching and learning
Authors:   , Derounian James
Published: March 2021

Community development (CD) and higher education (HE) teaching and learning have climbed the political agenda in the United Kingdom, in light of the 2020 Covid-19 pandemic and consequent lock-downs; and also because of constrained public finances and austerity measures. In response to such challenges this PhD has a central aim to explore and determine the nature and degree of connectedness between higher education teaching and learning, and community development theory and practice. In this retrospective, auto-ethnographic account, the author has explored a 40-year career spanning both community development and HE teaching. In doing so the researcher is acutely conscious of Bourdieu’s notion of habitus (1990): that an individual’s dispositions generate practices which emerge in their everyday actions. The thesis is also built around reviewing nine peer-reviewed publications, that investigated aspects of both CD and HE teaching. Furthermore, I present forty-three characteristics shared by higher education teaching and CD as an appendix; these resulted from a key-word search of the 2015 National Occupational Standards for Community Development (2015) and UK national lecturer job specification. The author shows the connection between these features and his own publications. Given the retrospective nature of this research, the prevailing political context is provided and discussed for the year’s in which the selected works were published. A critical view is given of both the methodology, and also of the positive and negative aspects of community development and higher education teaching. The findings and conclusions are presented under three headings: First, Coherence of this PhD by published work. As one example, the researcher’s community development activity and higher education pedagogy, and publications, represent a continuous thread from 1979 to 2020. Second, the author highlights the originality of this doctoral thesis. As an illustration, he brings together Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development ZPD and Snyder’s (2000) Hope Theory. Snyder argues that hope provides fuel for progression. Hopeful thinking can generate pathways towards a desired goal; thereby enabling a person or community to bridge across Vygotsky’s ZPD from what is known to new knowledge and capabilities. Third, the author presents the local, national, international and sector-wide impacts of his work.
O planejamento de aulas assentes no ensino exploratório de Matemática desenvolvidas no ensino remoto de emergência
Authors: Oliveira Vania Sara Doneda de , Basniak Maria Ivete
Published: March 2021

Este estudo discute o planejamento de aulas assentes no Ensino Exploratório de Matemática (EEM) no contexto do ensino remoto emergencial (ERE) para comprovar sua viabilidade e orientar professores no desenvolvimento de aulas nesta perspectiva de ensino. Realizaram-se adaptações e ampliações do quadro de ações intencionais do professor na prática de EEM estruturado por Oliveira, Menezes e Canavarro (2013). Destacam-se, como diferenças entre o planejamento de aulas assentes no EEM no ensino presencial e no ERE: necessidade de plano alternativo para atender alunos que não consigam participar das reuniões síncronas; adequação de horários e quantidade das reuniões síncronas de acordo com a disponibilidade de acesso dos alunos; introdução da tarefa ser realizada com cada grupo separadamente; e o tempo despendido pelo professor na fase de realização da tarefa ser multiplicado pela quantidade de grupos. Conclui-se que é possível planejar e desenvolver aulas assentes no EEM no ERE utilizando os quadros reelaborados.
PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS NATIVAS, FRUTÍFERAS E DE HORTALIÇAS NO SEMIÁRIDO: O CASO DO VIVEIRO DE MUDAS CÍLIOS DA TERRA ASSENTAMENTO ESTRELA DO NORTE-MG
Authors: Lopes de Siqueira Deyvison , José Cardoso Wesley , Henrique Cepolini Ferreira Gustavo
Published: March 2021

O viveiro de mudas Cílios da Terra faz parte de um projeto do Movimento dos Trabalhadores Rurais Sem Terra (MST), cujo objetivo principal é promover a recuperação de áreas degradadas de assentamentos do MST e fortalecer as atividades produtivas. Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a experiência de produção de mudas nativas, frutíferas e de hortaliças do viveiro Cílios da Terra na região Norte de Minas Gerais. A metodologia baseia-se na coleta de informações por meio do trabalho de campo e entrevista com o coordenador do viveiro, entre outros extensionistas. O resultado desse relato aponta que a produção de mudas do viveiro tem promovido ações de trabalho coletivo, desenvolvendo ações de fortalecimento da agroecologia nas áreas de assentamentos da região, principalmente através das experiências de produção por meio do sistema agroflorestal.
GEOGRAFIA FÍSICA NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL: UM DESTAQUE NO ENSINO DE CLIMA NO 6º ANO DA ESCOLA MUNICIPAL JAIR DE OLIVEIRA EM MONTES CLAROS-MG
Authors: Pereira dos Santos Dulce , Patrícia Moraes Costa Flávia
Published: March 2021

Este artigo trata da Geografia Física no Ensino Fundamental enfatizando o ensino de Clima no 6º ano. A Geografia Física é o ramo de estudo responsável por explicar todos os processos vinculados aos fenômenos naturais, abordando conteúdos amplos, extensos e que necessitam de muita atenção por parte do docente e dos discentes. Dessa forma, torna-se necessário que o professor trabalhe o conteúdo “clima” buscando novos recursos e novas metodologias. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar os limites e possibilidades do ensino de climatologia no 6º ano da Escola Municipal Jair de Oliveira em Montes Claros – MG. A metodologia utilizada constituiu-se de levantamento bibliográfico do ensino da Geografia, realização de uma oficina com os estudantes do 6º ano na escola e, por fim, realizamos uma visita a campo na estação meteorológica da Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros. Detectamos que, na escola pesquisada, em relação ao ensino da Geografia Física, ações ainda podem ser feitas, principalmente no que se refere à atitude de aliar teoria à prática no estudo do clima.
A CONSTITUIÇÃO POLÍTICA DO PATRIMÔNIO HISTÓRICO CULTURAL BRASILEIRO E A BUSCA DA FORMATAÇÃO DE UMA IDENTIDADE NACIONAL
Authors: De Carvalho Alves Rahyan , Antônio Souza de Deus José
Published: March 2021

O referente trabalho tem como objetivo destacar a constituição política do patrimônio histórico cultural brasileiro e a busca do governo em referências que pudessem representar a identidade nacional. Dessa forma o trabalho encontra-se estruturado em dois momentos: primeiramente destacando a constituição do patrimônio histórico brasileiro e, em seguida, as nuances da compreensão dos elementos que representam a identidade do povo brasileiro e seus signos. Adotamos como procedimento metodológico para operacionalização da investigação o retrabalhamento bibliográfico a partir dos seguintes recortes temáticos que dialogam entre si, a saber: Patrimônio Histórico, Identidade, Estado.
O CONCEITO DE DESERTIFICAÇÃO: CONSTRUÇÃO HISTÓRICA, CRÍTICAS E POTENCIALIDADES
Authors: Lopes Barreto Lucas , Rosa Viana Cezário Ana , Pinto Vidal de Oliveira Vládia
Published: March 2021

A desertificação é um dos problemas ambientais que refletem como a sociedade age de modo predatório e insustentável sobre a natureza, alterando os aspectos naturais, sociais e econômicos da paisagem, mostrando como são necessárias ações que contribuam para melhor planejamento e gestão dos recursos naturais. O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de realizar uma análise sobre o conceito de desertificação, mostrando o contexto de sua formulação, críticas e potencialidades perante a temática ambiental. A metodologia é composta por uma análise dos principais marcos históricos da desertificação, que fazem este problema ambiental tão distinto no globo. Pode-se concluir que conceito de desertificação contribui para análise ambiental por mostrar a localização do desenvolvimento deste problema e seus causadores, possibilitando ações de prevenção, retroação e recuperação de áreas degradadas.
Japanese Concepts of Angels: Analyzing Depictions of Celestial Beings in the shōjo Manga Kamikaze Kaitō Jeanne
Authors: Sharbat Dar Dunja
Published: March 2021

White wings, long hair, 'pure' faces: the appearance of angels frequently follows similar aesthetics connected to Christian imagery. Angels and Christian religion also are popular themes in manga, Japanese comics, often intermingled with Buddhist or Shinto notions. Since imagery in popular culture resonates and shapes vernacular and cultural perspectives, manga like Kamikaze Kaitō Jeanne (KKJ) provide an important insight into the conceptualization of angels in Japan. This article therefore analyzes the contrary role of angels in KKJ as the Other, the mysterious, serene one, while simultaneously angels are depicted as part of the circle of life every creature undergoes in Buddhist cosmology. Based on a visual hermeneutic approach, this article demonstrates how the intermix of both visual and religious traditions in Japan shape the depiction of angels in Japanese popcultural media.
ANALISIS USAHATANI ASPARAGUS ( Asparagus oficinialis L.) DI KELOMPOK TANI MERTANADI, DESA PELAGA, KECAMATAN PETANG, KABUPATEN BADUNG
Authors: Dewa Putu Swandana
Published: March 2021

Komoditi unggulan sektor pertanian seperti asparagus telah menjadi sumber pendapatan bagi masyarakat di Desa Pelaga, Kecamatan Petang, kabupaten Badung. Asparagus merupakan komoditi yang pontensial  dalam memberikan kontribusi pada pendapatan keluarga petani. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui biaya, penerimaan, pendapatan, kelayaan usahatani (R/Cratio), dan kendala – kendala yang dihadapi petani dalam  usahatani asparagus di Kelompok Tani Mertanadi, Desa Pelaga, Kecamatan Petang, Kabupaten Badung.

Hasil penelitian menunjukan  bahwa dari 30 petani sampel di Kelompok Tani Mertanadi,  biaya total yang dikeluarkan petani untuk usahatani asparagus adalah mencapai Rp 8.647.100/luas garapan/ tahun penerimaan rata – rata petani asparagus adalah Rp72.364.095/luas garapan/tahun, sehingga pendapatan petani asparagus adalah Rp 63.716.995/luas garapan/tahun hasil analisa menunjukan besarnya R/C ratio adalah 7,36. Kendala-kendala yang dihadapi oleh petani asparagus di Kelompok Tani Mertanadi adalah pada saat musim kamarau petani kekurangan air,  ketika musim hujan petani arus menaungi bedengan agar tidak terlalu lembab  dan, organisme penggangu tanaman (OPT) antara lain: bercak daun, ulat grayak, ulat tanah, jamur batang.

Kata Kunci : Pendapatan  Petani, Usahatani asparagus
PENGARUH INFLASI, RETURN ON ASSETS, RETURN ON EQUITY TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN INVESTASI PADA PERUSAHAAN AGRIBISNIS YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Ni Ketut Karyati  , I Ketut Sudama
Published: March 2021

Bagi para investor yang ingin berinvestasi pada pasar modal, biasanya akan memerlukan informasi keuangan baik laporan keuangan maupun kinerja keuangan perusahaan yang disajikan secara akurat, relevan dan tentu dapat dipercaya sebagai dasar pengambilan keputusan.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah  untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara variabel Inflasi(X1) ROA (X2), ROE (X3) terhadap Keputusan Investasi Pada Perusahaan Agribisnis Yang Terdaftar Di BEI (Y). Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif. Data yang digunakan adalah laporan keuangan Perusahaan Agribisnis yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2014-2018. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan studi dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data adalah teknik analisis kuantitatif dengan penggunakan program Statistical Product and Service Solutions (IMB SPSS Statistics 24). Berdasarkan hasil analisis data dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa: (1) secara parsial tidak terdapat pengaruh antara variabel Inflasi(X1) terhadap Keputusan Investasi Pada Perusahaan Agribisnis Yang Terdaftar Di BEI (Y). (2) ROA(X2) tidak memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap Keputusan Investasi Pada Perusahaan Agribisnis Yang Terdaftar Di BEI (Y). (3) terdapat pengaruh antara variabel ROE(X3) terhadap Keputusan Investasi Pada Perusahaan Agribisnis Yang Terdaftar Di BEI (Y). Berdasarkan Tabel ANOVA  juga terlihat bahwa nilai koefesien F adalah 2,356 dengan koefesien sig 0,089 yang berarti > 0,05, maka dapat dikatakan bahwa H0 ditolak dan Ha diterima. Jadi dari  hasil regresi yang diperoleh tidak terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari variabel independen Inflasi, ROA dan ROE  terhadap variabel dependen Keputusan Investasi Pada Perusahaan Agribisnis Yang Terdaftar Di BEI

Kata Kunci: Inflasi, Return On Assets,  Return On Equity Keputusan Investasi
Grupos desfavorecidos y el valor de la diversidad en el sindicalismo brasileño contemporáneo
Authors: Hora Góis João Bôsco , Mendes Duarte Francisco José , Souza Sidimara Cristina , Pinheiro João Luis , Da Silva Edimilson Eduardo
Published: March 2021

Este estudio examina el debate sobre los grupos desfavorecidos y la valoración de la diversidad en un sector específico del sindicalismo brasileño, formado por asociaciones de docentes y sindicatos en instituciones públicas federales de educación superior. Se abordan algunas cuestiones clave, como el proceso a través del cual el debate mencionado anteriormente se ha incorporado a las agendas de estas asociaciones y sindicatos; la modernización de la reflexión sobre la desigualdad en la sociedad brasileña; la dependencia del protagonismo de individuos vinculados a grupos vulnerables; o el predominio de los hombres blancos en las facultades de las universidades. Las fuentes utilizadas en el estudio fueron de dos tipos: entrevistas a 17 líderes sindicales de diferentes universidades y documentos, como informes de trabajo, producidos por sindicatos y publicados en sus sitios web.
Sendero Rojo o el Partido Comunista del Perú Marxista-Leninista-Maoísta (1992-1999) Ideología, Organización y Estrategia
Authors: Jiménez Vigara Miguel
Published: March 2021

La captura en 1992 de Abimael Guzmán, líder del PCP-Sendero Luminoso, provocó un cambio significativo tanto en el conflicto armado peruano (1980-2000) como en la organización maoísta. Uno de estos cambios fue el surgimiento de un nuevo sujeto político, Sendero Rojo, también denominado PCP-Proseguir o PCP-M-L-M. La existencia, primero como escisión, y segundo como partido, de Sendero Rojo comienza en 1992, se consolida en 1994-95 y se mantiene hasta 1999, con la captura de su líder, Óscar Ramírez Durand (Feliciano). El objetivo general de la presente investigación es analizar los cambios y continuidades producidos en Sendero Rojo en su surgimiento y desarrollo, así como exponer su autonomía y especificidad respecto de Sendero Luminoso. Ubicamos tres ejes centrales de la investigación: el análisis de la ideología, organización y estrategia de este grupo.
Reformismo Borbónico en Trujillo del Perú
Authors: Díaz Pretel Frank
Published: March 2021

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo estudiar el proceso de implementación del sistema de intendencias en la región de Trujillo a fines del siglo XVIII, que convirtió a la ciudad del mismo nombre en la capital de un vasto territorio que abarcaba el norte del virreinato del Perú. Por tanto, se estudia la administración provincial previa (los corregimientos), los ensayos realizados por algunos visitadores, y la instauración definitiva del modelo, en el lapso cronológico seleccionado (1770-1784). Se analiza la situación particular de los corregimientos septentrionales en su etapa final, haciendo énfasis en el caso de Trujillo y su corregidor, el marqués de Bellavista, un integrante de la élite local que desplegó numerosas estrategias para empoderarse en el gobierno provincial. A continuación, se analizan las consideraciones de Gálvez y Areche para diseñar el nuevo macroespacio, en función de la realidad regional, las instrucciones, que se convertirían en el eje de las reformas político-administrativas, y la implementación definitiva de la nueva normativa, con los efectos inmediatos que ello produjo.
Etnicidad y Descendencia. Los Incas hoy, de carne y hueso: Cusco 2020
Authors: Valderrama Fernández Ricardo , Escalante Gutiérrez Carmen
Published: March 2021

Tras la derrota ante los españoles, aquellos Incas que pactaron con la corona española lograron el reconocimiento de sus linajes y sobrevivieron durante toda la colonia. Producida la discutida independencia del Perú, Bolívar en 1825 emitió un decreto aboliendo los títulos de nobleza originarios, así como los de españoles. Algunos Incas cambiaron entonces sus apellidos originarios para poder seguir sobreviviendo al interior de un sistema sumamente excluyente y discriminador hacia la población aborigen. Otros, mantuvieron sus apellidos y tradiciones, llegando así hasta nuestros días. Ayllus y familias Incas hemos tenido continuidad desde la época Inca hasta nuestros días. El presente artículo reconstruye el caso del linaje familiar de los autores y de otras familias cusqueñas para, a partir de ellos demostrar la continuidad de los mismos y su renovada trascendencia social.
La larga lucha de los pueblos mapuches por la tierra y la identidad
Authors: Bordons Martínez Marta
Published: March 2021

En un contexto actual y global de crisis climática y ecológica, hemos querido analizar las situaciones de injusticia socioambiental que se están produciendo en tierras indígenas mapuches, situaciones estrechamente vinculadas con el vigente fenómeno extractivista y neoliberal, así como con un pasado y un presente de ocupación y despojo de tierras ancestrales por parte del Estado chileno y argentino y de las empresas transnacionales del primer mundo. Exploraremos asimismo la lucha mapuche contemporánea en contra de los megaproyectos extractivistas y de las mal denominadas Áreas Naturales Protegidas, al igual que contra los procesos de represión que comúnmente suponen. Esta lucha interviene de forma activa contra el cambio climático y en defensa de la biodiversidad y los ecosistemas, lo que es esencial para la existencia humana y no-humana en el planeta. Comenzaremos señalando la responsabilidad de los países del primer mundo en estas problemáticas y el papel que juega la justicia climática y ambiental en este entramado internacional.
The Accordion and the Deep Bowl of Spaghetti: Eight Researchers' Experiences of Using IPA as a Methodology
Authors: Wagstaff Chris , Jeong Hyeseung , Nolan Maeve , Wilson Tony , Tweedlie Julie , Phillips Elly , Senu Halia , Holland Fiona
Published: March 2021

Since 1996 Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) has grown rapidly and been applied in areas outside its initial “home” of health psychology. However, explorations of its application from a researcher's perspective are scarce. This paper provides reflections on the experiences of eight individual researchers using IPA in diverse disciplinary fields and cultures. The research studies were conducted in the USA, Malaysia, Australia, New Zealand, Ireland and the UK by researchers with backgrounds in business management, consumer behaviour, mental health nursing, nurse education, applied linguistics, clinical psychology, health and education. They variously explored media awareness, employee commitment, disengagement from mental health services, in-vitro fertilisation treatment, student nurses' experience of child protection, second language acquisition in a university context, the male experience of spinal cord injury and academics experience of working in higher education and women’s experiences of body size and health practices. By bringing together intercultural, interdisciplinary experiences of using IPA, the paper discusses perceived strengths and weaknesses of IPA.
Naming and Un-Naming a Research Study "Participatory"
Authors: Koo Sarai , Lester Jessica
Published: March 2021

In this article, we explore our own discomfort with naming our research studies participatory action research – at least during the initial stages of our work – and highlight several practices that we believe serve to create greater researcher reflexivity. Drawing upon two different research studies, we share three “lessons from practice” generated from an analysis of our fieldnotes and a series of interactive interviews. The lessons illustrate how we have come to name and un-name our research “participatory.” We offer suggestions for other researchers committed to engaging in participatory action research.
Advantages, Disadvantages, and Lessons Learned in Conducting Telephone Focus Groups to Discuss Biospecimen Research Concerns of Individuals Genetically at Risk for Cancer
Authors: Koskan Alexis , Rice Janique , Gwede Clement , Meade Cathy , Sehovic Ivana , Quinn Gwendolyn
Published: March 2021

Advances in telecommunication technology allow biomedical researchers to explore new, inexpensive opportunities for conducting focus group research. This article reports our experiences using such technology to engage individuals genetically at risk for cancer about biospecimen research. Telephone-based focus groups were conducted with a total of 40 individuals, and participants were asked about their experiences and perceived benefits and limitations of participating in a telephone focus group about biospecimen research. The lessons learned can effectively be applied to other areas of health research. In particular, this method may be most useful to engage individuals who are less apt to speak in public, and/or when there are concerns over privacy if face-to-face discussions methods are used.
Studying the Study: Reflections on Exploring the Health and Disability Narratives of Long-Term Sickness Benefits Recipients in the UK
Authors: Garthwaite Kayleigh
Published: March 2021

Researching sensitive topics such as sickness and disability can encompass a wide range of demands that must be continually negotiated throughout the research process by both the researcher and research participants. Therefore, a studying the study approach is important when exploring the quality and ethical practice in qualitative research on sensitive issues with vulnerable populations. This becomes especially important within a UK context when considering the negative discourse surrounding the sickness benefits process in the UK. Drawing upon semi-structured interviews with 25 long-term sick and disabled benefits recipients in the UK, the study sought to uncover the health and illness narratives of long-term sickness benefits recipients. Within the presentation of methods that were used, a discussion of the methods used in conducting a “study of the study” are considered, providing an illustration of how to do this and what to do with the results of such a reflective piece. The challenges of doing such research are outlined, and the need for a reflective process surrounding the research process is emphasised. Finally, the approach of studying the study is an example of an illustration of how to adopt this approach when considering qualitative research with hard to reach groups.
A Conversation Between Kip Jones and Patricia Leavy: Arts-Based Research, Performative Social Science and Working on the Margins
Authors: Jones Kip , Leavy Patricia
Published: March 2021

This paper reports a conversation between international pioneers in ArtsBased Research and Performative Social Science, Patricia Leavy and Kip Jones. They begin by delineating the differences between research and/or dissemination that use tools from the Arts in their production. Leavy turns to her fiction writing as an example, while Jones discusses the making of his research-based short film, Rufus Stone. The conversation then turns to how these novel approaches have changed the way in which they work and these efforts in relation to the academy. The concept of “audience” is raised. Both then give examples of taking alternative routes in their career paths and funding for this kind of work. Jones specifically talks about using creativity in all our approaches, including small-scale projects that rely on creativity rather than money. He suggests being creative in the ways in which we write for publication and present our work to other academics. Leavy ends the conversation by discussing taking risks and walking through fear. Jones recommends not working in silos, but letting all parts of our lives influence our outputs.
Racial and Ethnic Diversity in Grounded Theory Research
Authors: Draucker Claire , Al-Khattab Halima , Hines Dana , Mazurczyk Jill , Russell Anne , Stephenson Pam , Draucker Shannon
Published: March 2021

National initiatives in the United States call for health research that addresses racial/ethnic disparities. Although grounded theory (GT) research has the potential to contribute much to the understanding of the health experiences of people of color, the extent to which it has contributed to health disparities research is unclear. In this article we describe a project in which we reviewed 44 GT studies published in Qualitative Health Research within the last five years. Using a framework proposed by Green, Creswell, Shope, and Clark (2007), we categorized the studies at one of four levels based on the status and significance afforded racial/ethnic diversity. Our results indicate that racial/ethnic diversity played a primary role in five studies, a complementary role in one study, a peripheral role in five studies, and an absent role in 33 studies. We suggest that GT research could contribute more to health disparities research if techniques were developed to better analyze the influence of race/ethnicity on health-related phenomena.
Nature Writing, American Exceptionalism, and Philosophical Thoughts in Edward Bliss Emerson's Caribbean Journal
Authors: Mayo-Santana Raúl
Published: March 2021

Through the use of qualitative content analysis (Patton, 2002), this essay examines the philosophical thoughts presented in the journal and family letters of Edward B. Emerson for 1831-1834, written in the Caribbean while he was seeking relief from consumption (tuberculosis). The analysis focused on the themes of nature writing, American Exceptionalism, and the journal as evidence of a liminal life-death event. Edward was actively engaged in the genres of travel and nature writing, where Transcendentalist ideas were not evident. In contrast, important elements of that movement emerged in his philosophical expressions. Edward evinced an acute and creative mind until the end of his life, and his philosophical thoughts can be placed under the rubric of the philosophy of life. Edward's texts manifest a prejudiced contempt toward the people and culture of Puerto Rico and showed a sense of elitism that reflects American Exceptionalism, but his beliefs of human perfectibility seem to derive from a religious model of absolute moral conceptions. Edward's liminal intimations of mortality elicited a textual silence on consumption and death. The figure of the tragic hero fits Edward's life and demise.
Encountering the Viper: Edward Bliss Emerson and Slavery
Authors: Ramírez de Arellano Annette
Published: March 2021

The journal of Edward Bliss Emerson often mentions topics that piqued his curiosity because they were unusual or puzzling. Few subjects were as foreign to him as slavery. Writing in 1831-32, Emerson provides us a series of aural and visual vignettes rather than a coherent commentary on slavery as a way of life. Focusing on the everyday aspects of the institution instead of the politics and economics behind it, Emerson nevertheless suggests the different lenses through which slavery was viewed by a New England intellectual and others.
The Kodiak Study: Narratives of Diversity and Acceptance on the American Frontier
Authors: Drewry Steve
Published: March 2021

This article describes a qualitative study of diversity and acceptance on the American frontier comprised of interview data and ethnographic observations gleaned from a sample of residents on Kodiak Island, Alaska. Convenience and snowball sampling methods were used to select the study population, after which individual interviews with people who are members of various cultural groups were completed by the researcher. Also included in the study are elements of anthropological investigation, historical context and thick description. The data were analyzed using (primarily) narrative and thematic analysis placed in the cultural context of life on Kodiak Island. Findings suggest that multiple cultures can peacefully co-exist, and in fact co-create, a social milieu that is greater than the sum of its parts while maintaining independent cultural integrity.
Representations of Middle Age in Comedy Film: A Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors: Gatling Margaret , Mills Jane , Lindsay David
Published: March 2021

The discourse of middle age includes a commonly-held perception that it is a time of crisis resulting in unusual, atypical, dramatic or extravagant behaviours. The aim of this study was to find out if the discourse of middle age, as depicted in comedy film, supports this stereotype. Three comedy films were reviewed using dispositive analysis to critically-evaluate the actions, objects and language employed to represent middle age on-screen. The findings show that crisis, sparked by a fear of ageing and with some distinct gender differences, is a frequent feature of on-screen middle age. Building on the generally accepted hypothesis that negative stereotyping results in the development of prejudices, the findings suggest that negative representations of ageing start well before old age and therefore contribute to the process whereby film audiences are inculcated with material which engenders ageist views and behaviours.
A's for Everyone: The Effect of Student Consumerism in the Post-Secondary Classroom
Authors: Plunkett Anthony
Published: March 2021

With millennial students as the primary population in many higher education institutions today, many instructors experiencing a paradigm shift of behaviors they are observing in their classroom. Many educators are observing today’s students failing to take personal responsibility for their educational endeavors and in turn viewing their educational experiences as a services-for-payment relationship rather than an exploration of knowledge. With this shift and the ever present consumerism type behaviors now being observed, the role of instructor has changed and many are seeking tools to effectively manage their students and classroom.
DEMOCRACY OR MILITARY DICTATORSHIP: A CHOICE OF GOVERNANCE FOR THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF PAKISTAN
Authors:   Institute of Business & Technology, Karachi., Qadir Shakeel
Published: March 2021

Purpose:-This study is conducted to find out whether democratic or nondemocratic governments bring greater economic growth to Pakistan. Methodology:-The data of economic growth from the bureau of statistics is taken for the period 1947(Pakistan’s independence) to 2009 which includes four major democratic and four major autocratic era’s. Findings:-With the help of independent sample t-test it is concluded that growth has been better in the periods of autocratic rule with significant difference in areas such as GDP growth rate, CPI inflation, floating debt and insignificant difference in areas such as exports, Health Expenditure, FDI, and Electricity generation Practical Implications:-The study will help the related departments in forming the effective policies viable for economic growth and development of the country. This study sheds light on the performance of the major types of government systems in terms of economic and social growth.
DO TAGLINES HAVE A POSITIVE IMPACT ON BUILDING THE BRAND PERCEPTION? A CASE STUDY ON KIT KAT
Authors:   Bahria University, Karachi., Cheema Farooq-E Azam
Published: March 2021

Purpose: This study, focusing on the relationship of tagline and brand image, finds the impact of the Kit-Kat’s tagline on the product’s popularity. Methodology: For the purpose, a correlational test and regression analysis have been conducted. The data was collected by preselected enumerator through shoppers’ intercepts method by collecting the responses of 378 consumers of KitKat. Findings: Findings of the study suggest that taglines not only have strong impact on brand perception, but they also help in creating strong brand associations. Kit Kat is a famous brand that has various attributes and has gained popularity among the customers not just because of its tagline but because of various other elements. The Study has concluded that the tagline of the brand has a strong impact on building positive brand perception about Kit Kat. Practical Implications: This study contributes to knowledge development on brand management, and it might be helpful to other companies in designing their products’ taglines around correct parameters. However, limitation of this research is that it is based on the respondents of one area of Karachi. Hence, results may differ if this study is conducted in a wider geographical area with bigger sample size.
REDEFINIG ECONOMIC SYSTEMS AS AN ISLAMIC ECONOMIC SYSTEM
Authors:   Management Science Institute of Business and Technology, Karachi., Waqas Muhammad
Published: March 2021

Objective: Need of a new economic model has been realized at the international level, as numerous and significant flaws has appeared in both two systems capitalism and socialism, which are becoming a great cause for economic crises in almost every economy of the word, in this regard this study has been carried out on the redefining Islamic economics as a new model, that how it can take out those problems and flaws which has appeared in both structure. Methodology: Islamic economic system doesn’t emphasize only on the economic variables it also considers the social variables which has been neglected by both previously and currently practicing systems (socialism and capitalism).current study is a comparative analysis of all said systems. Findings: It has been also observed that in spite of having great strength to winkle out all the economic problems, without interest how we are able to get the profit and what different types of new loan system that is RIBA free and helpful for getting the good profit. Practical Implication: In Islamic economic system the private property is being debatable. Government or state should be involved in only condition if market is failed to provide public good and education.
In Praise of Discord
Authors: Smith Mark M.
Published: March 2021

This piece explores writing on historical acoustemology.  It charts the emergence of the field, identifies its strengths and weaknesses,  and calls for greater critical engagement amongst its practitioners.
Sound + Bodies in Community = Music
Authors: Shank Barry L.
Published: March 2021

The analytical framework of sound studies is transforming our understanding of the political force of music. Following the lead of scholars like Nina Eidsheim and Salomé Voegelin, this essay considers the resonating force of listening bodies as a central factor in the musical construction of political community. This essay traces the tradition of African American music from congregational gospel singing through early rhythm and blues up to the twenty-first-century rap of Kendrick Lamar, showing how particular musical techniques engage the bodies in the room, allowing communities of difference to find their rhythms together.
'Language ... Without Metaphor'
Authors: Oltean Roxana
Published: March 2021

Henry David Thoreau has been celebrated for his observation of the natural world. While noting Thoreau's skills of observation in relation to the natural world and his responsiveness to sensory experience, scholars have, however, tended to privilege sight over sound. Even though Thoreau was recognized by musicians such as Charles Ives and John Cage for having an exceptionally fine ear for the symphonies of nature, sound still remains a neglected aspect of Thoreau's Walden; Or, Life in the Woods. This article is a corrective to this status quo, as it reads Walden as a transmedial project in which Thoreau frequently tuned in to the sounds encountered during his sojourn in nature in order to figure the essential parameters of his experiment and to relate to the entire world of experience. The complex soundscape of Walden engenders a multifaceted awareness of modern space, as sounds of nature, sounds of progress, and the clamor of people intersect. Accordingly, this article explores how Thoreau uses a vast array of sounds to relate to the world; how he apprehended, and even appreciated, not only the harmonies of nature, but also dissonance—within nature, as well as between nature, modernity and rurality. In doing so, this article proposes a reading of Thoreau's auditory experience as a reflection on, and negotiation with, a multifaceted world where the pastoral and the industrial coexist.
Gendered Sounds of Revolutionary American Theater
Authors: Lippert Leopold
Published: March 2021

This article examines the relationship of sound and gender politics in revolutionary America by reading two late eighteenth-century dramatic texts, the 1774 pamphlet A Dialogue, Between a Southern Delegate, and His Spouse (written pseudonymously by Mary V. V.), and Virginia playwright Robert Munford's five-act play The Patriots (written c1777, published only posthumously in 1798). Even though the sounds of early America cannot be accessed directly, as there was no sound recording in the modern, technology-based sense, and even though neither of the two dramatic texts has a known record of performances, the article sets out to explore how sound and speech were heard and negotiated, and how they reflected on prevailing cultural assumptions about gendered personhood, and the relationship between gender and politics. Arguably, attention to sound in these texts offers specific insights into the joint articulation of gender and transatlantic politics in the larger struggle over the American revolution. As this article shows, both texts, albeit for different reasons, strategically use gendered sounds to stage specific political interventions: By "listening" carefully to these sounds (as they are represented in writing), one can understand in more detail how acoustic environments impacted on the articulation, legitimation and deliberation of political argument in revolutionary America.
Volatility of Islamic Stock Markets and Developed Stock Markets of G6 Countries
Authors: Mansoor Muhammad , Ismail Hina , Akhtar Shahzad , Hussain Haroon
Published: March 2021

The objective of this to measure and compare Volatility of Islamic stock markets with equity markets of developed(G6) countries by taking daily values for period 2000-2016. The technique of Augmented fuller test (ADF), Heteroscedasticity test, ARCH (1,0), GARCH (1,1), TARCH and E-GARCH are applied. The results show Islamic stock markets shows positive returns as compare to previous day return but the Developed equity markets (G6) shows negative returns as compare to previous day return expect span and Poland equity market. The study explored that in all the stock markets the previous day volatility transfers in the next day volatility and there are many other factors affect the stock market volatility. The study is helpful in building stock portfolio for individual or institutional investor and for policy maker in decision making.
Stock Price Natural Disaster: A Case of Pakistan Cement Sector
Authors: Ullah Muhammad Hafeez , Akhtar Shahzad , Hussain Haroon , Ismail Hina
Published: March 2021

Current The aim of current study is to investigate the impact of natural disaster on stock market in case cement sector of Pakistan. The approach of current study is to explore the effect of natural disaster on change in stock price in a given index. The study has used event study methodology to explore the relationship.  Stock markets react differently from certain natural disaster events. The natural events, flood, earthquake, extreme temperature, land sliding, has significant effect on stock prices and its effect on share price volatility. All evidence provide from Pakistan stock exchange.
How Do Human Capital and Trade Liberalization affect the Labor Supply in Pakistan? A Time Series Analysis
Authors: Altaf Sheneela , Faridi Muhammad Zahir
Published: March 2021

Human capital and Trade liberalization are very important for smooth economic growth which gives birth to new employment opportunities that increase labor force participation in all sectors. Both have positive impact on labor supply and overall economy of Pakistan. Human capital has shown positive relation to trained and efficient labor force of the country and trade liberalization strategy. Transformation of labor supply is possible with the help of trade liberalization and technically educated, skilled and well experienced labor. If a country needs to enhance exports and international trade to improve its financial health, it needs technically educated and specialized labor force participation. The key objective of this paper is to analyze the impact of trade openness and human capital on labor supply in Pakistan. The improved labor market and increase in trade liberalization increases government current expenditures and the GDP of Pakistan. The study is based on time series analysis which has shown positive results on Human Capital and trade openness, in both formal and informal sectors. Skills exchange among countries lead to transformation of ideas and helps overall economy.
An Investigation of Factors Effecting Consumers’ Intention to Share Knowledge through Development as a Social Norm in Travel-Related Online Societal Networks
Authors: Rehman Asad Ur , Sandhu Moeed Ahmad , Ismail Hina , Mushtaq Saba
Published: March 2021

For recommendations, customers are increasingly having faith in suggestions over the internet. Online societal/social networks (OSNs) are frequently used in Tourism and tourists use them to gain knowledge and gather information about different tourist’s resorts. The main objective of the current research is to develop understanding about the effect of different independent variables such as apparent Ease of use, Belief in reliability, Functional belief and Switching Cost to determine Social Norms which ultimately effect Intention to Share knowledge.  This model helps to understand the underlying motives that influence consumers to share information about tourist’s resorts with others. Data was collected from the people who were using social networking sites for more than a year for tourism recommendations. Structural equation modeling was used for the data analysis and it was found the most of the proposed hypothesis were accepted validating presence of a significantly valid relationship between the variables. The study carries considerable theoretical and practical implications for researchers as well as tourism managers.
Inflation and Growth Nexus in Pakistan: A Time Series Analysis
Authors: Ali Hina , Farooq Fatima , Parveen Kishwar
Published: March 2021

This study is related to recognize the effect of inflation on economic growth in the case of Pakistan. Inflation is a state when the general price level moves to increase. A large number of people say that if unnecessary money pursues meager goods this state is called inflation. This analysis is comprised of data from 1981 to 2014.  Selected variables are Gross Domestic Product growth rate, Inflation, Child labor force, Unemployment, and Gross fixed capital formation.  The inflation will work only if the rising price process prevails in the country and increases in wages, devaluation of the currency, an increase in oil prices, and an increase in indirect taxes.  This finding fails to provide credibility in the direction of observation that developing countries are confronting a persistent decline in the gross domestic product due to the devaluation of the currency. ARDL technique and unit root test are used to find stationary. There is no single solution to the conflict. So, the Government should accept those measures such as monetary and non-monetary to fight it. These measures can be classified as under monetary measures, Fiscal measures and General measures. Credit rationing put to get a better gross domestic product. Policy commands that Pakistan should adopt an energetic plan for encouraging gross domestic product utilizing exceeding channels.
Perceptions about Job Recruitment and Job Placement of Teachers Having B. Ed (Hons) Qualification
Authors: Bano Shehar , Nawaz Hameed , Rana Kishwer Naheed
Published: March 2021

The excellence in teaching and learning in academia depends on teachers’ abilities and process of recruitment. The current study planned to investigate teachers’ perceptions about job recruitment and job placement of B. Ed (hons) qualified teachers. The objectives were to explore teachers’ perceptions about job placement and job recruitment and to explore the distinction in male and female teachers’ opinions about the job placement and job recruitment. The sample comprised of 50 teachers who had B. Ed. (Hons) qualification and now working in education department. The self-developed instrument, Job Placement and Recruitment Survey was used. The data were analyzed using SPSS. Frequency analysis and t-test were applied. The results revealed that most teachers were willing and claimed that they sure that govt. has fair recruitment policy of teaching jobs. While 40% teachers denied that govt. has fair recruitment policy of teaching jobs. About 61% teachers told that they passed their recruitment test while preparing their exams through the courses they studied during training. 72% teachers perceived that subjects they studied during training helped them during recruitment exams. No difference was found between gender of teachers about their job recruitment and job placement.
Exposure of Air Pollution and its Relationship with Child Mortality in Pakistan
Authors: Safdar Noreen , Asif Hala , Farooq Fatima
Published: March 2021

This study discovered the special effects of coal energy (a kind of non-renewable energy), Greenhouse gases, Industrialization, Population growth rate and renewable energy on human health, with key emphasis on Child Mortality rate in Pakistan. For profound practical insight, study established Auto-Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model and study analyzed time series data of Pakistan for time period 1986 to 2017. The results reported that with an increase in use of coal energy mortality among children increase. In addition, results also underscored that by turning to renewable energy (energy by sun, wind and air) the health conditions could be improved as renewable energy type is environment friendly and does not produce Greenhouse gases. So, renewable energy serves as a helping factor to reduce mortality among children in Pakistan. On the other hand, coal energy is the cause of environmental degradation by increasing amount of Greenhouse gas emissions in atmosphere which in turn causes Child mortality in Islamic Republic of Pakistan.