bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Woven of War-Time Fabrics: The globalization of public health surveillance
Authors: French Martin A.
Published: July 2018

This article considers the imbrication of war-time logics with the ideational and institutional development of public health surveillance.  It suggests that, as the Cold-War–era gave way to the ‘age of globalization’, public health discourse became less concerned with ideological enemies, and more concerned with ontological enemies. The discourse of emerging infectious disease exemplifies this preoccupation and illustrates how public health surveillance, dominated by war-time logics, is both globalized and predisposed to marginalized local orders of concern. However, at the same time that militarized configurations of public health surveillance set certain tendencies in motion, local orders of concern deconstruct, contest, resist, and negotiate these tendencies. Hence, this article concludes with a call for further empirical attention by Surveillance Studies scholars to the multiplicity of local sites that enact public health surveillance.
'@ the doctor's office': Pro-anorexia and the medical gaze
Authors: Bell Mebbie
Published: July 2018

The pro-anorexia movement (which advocates eating disordered practices as a legitimate lifestyle and identity choice over the internet) has provoked intense public furor since it emerged in the late 1990s. This concern hinges on the status of anorexia as a disease, situating pro-anorexic discourse as not only diseased but dangerous. A critical feminist and Foucauldian reading of this material analyzes the complex negotiations of medical surveillance undertaken by participants in the movement. Disrupting medical knowledge and usurping the medical gaze, participants produce a virtual clinical space that elides medical authority over anorexia and individual anorexic bodies. By intervening in the pattern of medical gaze-diagnosis-treatment in order to teach individuals how to perform a ‘normal’ body, pro-anorexic discourse exposes both the instability of diagnostic criteria and the limits of medical surveillance.
Understanding resistance to digital surveillance: Towards a multi-disciplinary, multi-actor framework
Authors: Martin Aaron K , Van Brakel Rosamunde E , Bernhard Daniel J
Published: July 2018

Despite being central to the dynamics of surveillance, the concept of resistance remains underdeveloped within the surveillance studies corpus. We review theoretical work on surveillance before summarising the main treatments of resistance from within surveillance studies. We find that the majority of resistance literature in surveillance studies is focussed on resistance relations between the surveyor and the surveilled, and neglects other relevant actors. To expand the list of relevant actors, we look to what other disciplines have to say about the who and the how of resistance. Using these lessons, we then elaborate a multi-actor framework to better understand complex resistance relationships. Beyond the surveyor and the surveilled, surveillance authorities, commercial enterprises, international governmental and non-governmental agencies, and the surveillance technologies themselves form a complex resistance nexus, capable of resisting and being resisted in a diversity of ways. Further, we conclude that these distinctive roles produce unique methods, directions and opportunities for resistance.  The roles of these additional actors will be demonstrated through a discussion of the United Kingdom National Identity Scheme, where we believe they are presently engaged in a series of multi-level, multi-actor resistance relationships at various stages of the scheme’s development.
Individualism and Identity: Resistance to Speed Cameras in the UK
Authors: Wells Helen , Wills David
Published: July 2018

As a surveillance technology, speed cameras have produced significant levels of resistance from the general (driving) public. This resistance has not, however, drawn on the kinds of civil liberties or 'Big Brother' narratives that might be expected. Using this context as a case study, this paper suggests that significant resistance to surveillance practices may emerge when surveillance technologies produce data doubles that are antagonistically incompatible with those identities which have emerged 'organically' from the resisting individuals and communities.In this example, the self-ascribed identity of normal, respectable, non-criminal drivers is threatened by technologies of risk and 'techno-fixes' which (through their operation) construct identities as risk-carrying, deviant, and criminal  The sense of unfairness generated by this conflict between how we see ourselves and how the disciplining state sees us generates a sense of injustice. This sense of injustice is fertile ground for resistance. The paper identifies three main narrative themes in discourses of resistance to speed cameras, including the rejection of the official expertise used to justify surveillance and punishment, and the construction of a narrative which positions the drivers as an ordinary person resisting an oppressive state. The final narrative highlights the danger posed by other groups which, being constructed as genuinely and uncontroversially deviant, are more worthy of surveillant attention. As such, the paper suggests that, while offering fertile ground for the generation of resistant strategies, the speed camera context produces a very particular, very individualised, type of resistance which may actually contribute to existing processes of discrimination and 'othering' amongst surveilled populations.
Surveillance, Gender, and the Virtual Body in the Information Age
Authors: Conrad Kathryn
Published: July 2018

In our contemporary 'information age', information and the body stand in a new, peculiar, and ambiguous relationship to one another. Information is plumbed from the body but treated as separate from it, facilitating, as Irma van der Ploeg has suggested, the creation of a separate virtual 'body-as-information' that has affected the very ontology of the body. This 'informatization of the body' has been both spurred and enabled by surveillance techniques that create, depend upon, and manipulate virtual bodies for a variety of predictive purposes, including social control and marketing. While, as some feminist critics have suggested, there appears to be potential for information technologies to liberate us from oppressive ideological models, surveillance techniques, themselves so intimately tied to information systems, put normative pressure on non-normative bodies and practices, such as those of queer and genderqueer subjects. Ultimately, predictive surveillance is based in an innately conservative epistemology, and the intertwining of information systems with surveillance undermines any liberatory effect of the former.
En-Gendered Surveillance: Women on the Edge of a Watched Cervix
Authors: Corones Anthony , Hardy Susan
Published: July 2018

The aim of this paper is to provide a worked example, using cervical cancer screening, of how a nuanced consideration of the gendered and sexualized contexts in which surveillance is conducted might help to illumine the study of surveillance. In particular, the paper argues that neither the implementation nor the effects of women’s health surveillance can be understood without appreciating the ambiguous mutual dependences of gender constructs and surveillance practices. The first section of the paper examines the World Health Organization’s global program for comprehensive cervical cancer control, and raises the issue of how gendered and sexualized contexts are implicated in that program. Section Two then examines how health promotion strategies in cervical cancer screening are served by, and help to reinforce, gender constructions of women as ‘docile’ by nature. Section Three, by contrast, examines the ways in which some women respond to the controlling effect of surveillance by attempting to ‘take control’ of the screening process through various forms of activism, and thereby give effect to different gender constructions. The paper concludes that while surveillance contributes to creating screened populations burdened with gender constructs and imperatives, responses to surveillance are also shaped by gender constructs, and contribute to new gender constructs.
Myopia Index
Authors: Marquez Renata Moreira , Coelho Wellington Cançado
Published: July 2018

Google Earth is a vision device that operates in the tension between two sets of eyes: vertical and horizontal. The vertical eye locates the observer outside the lived area in a privileged point, far from everyday life. With Google Earth, we have the globe to manipulate with our hands, in a radical disparity of the subject and world. But this world is a set of juxtaposed fragments of images, captured from above. The interval between the limit of resolution of each image when we descend into the soil and the approximate height of our eye on the ground level (1.70 m) is what we call Myopia Space of Google Earth, which is variable for each visited place.

Myopia Index measures the public character of the Google Earth territory, since it is universally accessible but always controlled from a privileged place.

The GeoEye, currently the commercial satellite capable of generating images with higher spatial resolution, is supported, firstly by the National Agency of the United States Geospatial Intelligence (NGA) and, secondly, by Google. The NGA will receive images from up to 43 cm spatial resolution, while Google does not exceed 50 cm in maximum resolution, due to a restriction imposed by the U.S. government.

No gaze is neutral, much less the gaze of satellites that carry politically adjustable myopias. And if there are natural clouds, which hinder the satellites view while they pass, there are also the artificial clouds that freeze the landscape as compulsory vigilant glasses.

This article accompanies the film Global Safari: Powered by Google, which can be viewed at: http://blip.tv/file/3698794/
The Social impact of Surveillance in Three UK Schools: Angels, Devils and Teen Mums
Authors: McCahill Mike , Finn Rachel
Published: July 2018

Drawing upon the preliminary findings of a broader ESRC-funded project on the ‘surveilled’, this paper examines the social impact of ‘new surveillance’ technologies on the lives of school children living in a Northern City. We conducted fifteen one-hour ‘focus groups’ with eighty-five 13 to 16 year-old children in three schools. The pupils were asked a range of questions designed to document their awareness, experience and response to ‘surveillance’ as ‘school children’, but also as ‘regular citizens’ going about their business ‘outside’ of the school. We show how children’s experience and response to surveillance varies across ‘social positionings’ of class and gender, before going on to discuss the implications of our findings for the major theoretical debates on surveillance.
Governing with Clean Hands: Automated Public Toilets and Sanitary Surveillance
Authors: Braverman Irus
Published: July 2018

To anyone familiar with the story of urban decay in major American cities in the 1980s – and with the subsequent abolition of toilets from city streets – the introduction of automated public toilets (APTs) to urban spaces sounds like very good news. This article explores the re-democratizing message that commonly accompanies the introduction of APTs to North American city streets as well as their on-the-ground manifestations. It focuses on two major components of APTs: privatization and automation. The process of privatization, which characterizes most APT operations in North America, carries with it various exclusionary effects that stand in stark contrast to the democratic aspirations of public space. Additionally, the APTs normally feature automated devices, and, most prominently, the auto-flush and the automated faucet and dryer. On the face of things, these devices eradicate the injustices that sometimes accompany human discretion. However, they also conceal the necessarily social and value-ridden human decision making that goes into their design. The article proposes that both the privatization and the automation of public toilets are part of a broader and increasingly expansive sanitary regime, one that imposes a morality in practice on its users. The latter are left with relatively limited options as to how to use the space of the washroom and at times join the nonhuman devices themselves in “kicking-back” at their programmers. By comparing automated toilets with attendant-based ones, the article suggests that the project of sanitary surveillance exemplifies the fluidity between traditional and new forms of surveillance.
Online Shaming in the Asian Context: Community Empowerment or Civic Vigilantism?
Authors: Skoric Marko M , Chua Jia Ping Esther , Liew Meiyan Angeline , Wong Keng Hui , Yeo Pei Jue
Published: July 2018

Online shaming is a phenomenon where citizens engage in social policing by shaming transgressions via the Internet. It has been argued that the proliferation of new communication networks and digital recording devices could bring about a new paradigm for ensuring conformity to social norms through the self-regulation of society. Incorporating literature from criminology, law, psychology, sociology, and surveillance studies, this two-part exploratory empirical study conducted in Singapore aims to give an account of why people engage in online shaming (Study 1) as well as who is likely to be deterred and who is likely to contribute content in relation to personality traits, adherence to Asian values and social responsibility (Study 2). The in-depth interviews revealed that people engage in online shaming mainly to raise awareness about the lack of civic-mindedness in society. Furthermore, a survey of 321 Singaporeans suggest that people who are more likely to be deterred by the threat of online shaming are those who more socially responsible, more agreeable, more neurotic and adhere more strongly to Asian values. Furthermore, our findings suggest that individuals who are more likely to contribute to online shaming websites tend to be more socially responsible and open to new experiences. The theoretical, technological and policy implications of the findings are discussed.
Empowering Residents: A Theoretical Framework for Negotiating Surveillance Technologies
Authors: Albrechtslund Anders , Glud Louise Nørgaard
Published: July 2018

The aim of this article is to develop an understanding of negotiation as a proactive user behavior in response to persuasive, surveillance-enabling technologies. We work with a case where the ambition is to use maps to persuade residents in marginalized residential areas to take co-ownership of the future of their neighborhood. However, we argue that by negotiating persuasive technologies, residents can domesticate and “reconfigure” these, thus we need to broaden the dominant understanding of persuasion (Fogg 2003) to include the process of negotiation. Inspired by Actor-Network Theory, we argue that we need a framework that takes into account negotiations of other actors than the persuasive designer to bring a more nuanced and active understanding of responses to surveillance technologies. This article suggests that negotiation can be both user empowering as well as a productive measure in an ongoing designer-user relation. While the designer persuades, the user negotiates, and this dynamic relation contributes to potentially better technology development.
Surveillant staring: Race and the everyday surveillance of South Asian women after 9/11
Authors: Finn Rachel L
Published: July 2018

This article explores young South Asian women’s accounts of being subject to surveillance within a post-September 11th United States political framework, using a combination of surveillance studies and a postcolonial studies attention to practices of racialization and belonging. It looks at non-technological practices of person-to-person surveillance of South Asian women by non-authoritative white Americans. The article discusses young women’s accounts of feeling ‘stared at’ by other Americans in public space, and examines how the effects of this surveillance relates to young women’s identities as South Asians in America. The article argues that citizen surveillance practices have racialized outcomes for young women of South Asian descent that sometimes consolidates a South Asian racial subjectivity within the US. The fieldwork also uncovers an extension of arguments about racialized surveillance to consider cultural bodily practices and clothing artifacts alongside racial identity.
Surveillance Cinema: Narrative between Technology and Politics
Authors: Zimmer Catherine
Published: July 2018

Taking as a starting point the recent surge in film and television narratives constructed around and by surveillance technologies, this essay offers a historical and theoretical reexamination of the manner in which screen narrative has organized political, racial, affective, and even material formations around and through surveillance. The essay demonstrates that even when films are focused on insistently visual deployments of surveillance technologies, the narrative construction around those technologies suggests highly complex dynamics—dynamics that neither psychoanalytic conceptions of voyeurism nor Foucault’s discourse on Bentham’s panopticon can entirely account for. A visual orientation has made it these approaches which have, within the realm of cinema studies, overwhelming served to explain the formations and functions of a variety of disparate surveillance-themed narratives. A more phenomenological reading of the relations between technology and narrative, as well as a more dynamic intersection with political philosophy as is represented in the growing field of surveillance studies, allows us to see how what this essay calls “surveillance cinema” serves to consolidate the stakes of surveillance technologies and practices with greater attention to historical and structural specificity.
Neoliberal Deviants and Surveillance: Welfare Recipients under the watchful eye of Ontario Works
Authors: Maki Krystle
Published: July 2018

This article examines the current practices of welfare surveillance in Ontario Works (OW). Although neoliberal policy changes to social assistance have been well documented by a variety of scholars, the surveillance technologies behind them have received less scrutiny. The article questions how new surveillance technologies have transformed the administration and everyday practices of OW. Based on primary research of policy documents, legislation, regulations and directives, the paper explores the eight surveillance tools used to police OW recipients including the Consolidated Verification Procedure (CVP); Maintenance Enforcement with Computer Assistance (MECA); Service Delivery Model Technology (SDMT); Ontario Works Eligibility Criteria; Eligibility Review Officers (EROs); Audit of Recipients; Drug Testing and Welfare Fraud Hotlines. I argue the Ontario Works Act (OWA) 1997 justified increased surveillance, regulation and control of poor families creating new forms of surveillance. Additionally, the rationales behind the implementation of OW surveillance (anti–fraud and workfare) were unjustified and have made OW recipients, particularly racialized single mothers more vulnerable. Using a feminist political economy critique, the article endeavours to explore the gendered, classed and racialized implications of welfare surveillance and the expanding ways the state has created ‘deviants’ out of those who fail to be ‘good market citizens’.
Being Watched Watching Watchers Watch: Determining the Digitized Future While Profitably Modulating Preemption (at the Airport)
Authors: Tiessen Matthew P.
Published: July 2018

Gilles Deleuze once wrote in “Postscript on the Societies of Control” (1992) that in the future (our present) our societies would be controlled or “disciplined” using subtly unobtrusive and strategically applied forms of “modulation.” That is, the rigid physical enclosures of Foucault’s disciplinary society would inevitably yield to more flexible, immaterial, and imperceptible forms of modulation that continually respond and adapt to life’s unpredictability. In this paper I describe how the use of naked body scanners at today’s airport is a most suitable expression of this dematerialized form of discipline, seeming at the same moment to both threaten and protect privacy, to be both non-intrusive and invasive, to both prepare for and determine seemingly unknowable but inevitable futures.   The flying public, meanwhile, is caught in the confusing middle, not knowing what to believe. They find themselves trapped in an undefined surveillance grid that both threatens and protects their freedoms. Will the scanners see through clothing and catch underwear-bombs, or won’t they? Will security agents scan, save, and distribute their naked images or won’t they? The public is left with questions rather than answers. This whole (visual) apparatus which was designed to create clarity and transparency seems opaque.   I suggest, then, that the opacity both of the issues at stake as well as of the scanned images of our naked bodies, confounds our categories and challenges long taken for granted social conventions about, for example, habeas corpus, privacy, security, the present, the future, potentiality, etc. Appearances, it seems, are still deceiving – even if what’s being made to appear are high-resolution scans of our naked bodies.
Low-tech surveillance and the despotic state in Eritrea
Authors: Bozzini David M
Published: July 2018

Eritrea is one of the world's newest countries and, proportionally to its population, one of the most militarised. Inheriting a socio-economic situation devastated by 30 years of guerilla warfare, the current government organised reconstruction efforts around the "Warsay Ykäạlo Development Campaign" including National Service conscription. Over the past decade, the Eritrean state has developed techniques of surveillance of conscripts through the production and distribution of documents (IDs, laissez-passer) that must be presented at hundreds of checkpoints deployed throughout the national territory. Since the duration of National Service has been extended to an unlimited period of time, these surveillance mechanisms have mainly focused on cracking down, identifying and preventing defection. Despite important limitations to its surveillance of conscripts, the Eritrean state successfully keep hundreds of thousand of conscripts working in the National Service for many years. I argue that the surveillance apparatus itself, in both its bureaucratic and its military formulations contributes almost on a daily basis to (re)producing various uncertainties, fears, beliefs and expectations that are the core of relative coercion in the National Service. Moreover, bureaucratic procedures and police interventions contribute to the perpetuation and actualisation of a despotic modality of governance, inducing in conscripts the perception of the existence of a highly authoritarian police state that is effectively omniscient despite their experiences of the low-tech surveillance.
Playing with surveillance: The design of a mock RFID-based identification infrastructure for public engagement
Authors: Smith Karen Louise , McPhail Brenda , Ferenbok Joseph , Tichine Alex , Clement Andrew
Published: July 2018

In many jurisdictions around the globe, governments are developing ID schemes based on radio frequency identification (RFID) and biometric technologies. In Canada, four provinces recently implemented RFID based ‘enhanced’ drivers licences (EDL) in response to the United States’ Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI), which requires all persons entering the United States to present a valid passport or alternative ‘secure’ document to prove their identity and citizenship. As researchers, we were closely involved in following the EDL policy development process. It became evident, as we attended legislative hearings, that parliamentarians needed clarifications to understand how the RFID identification scheme would function in practice. This project began with the goal of designing prototypes to demonstrate security and civil liberty concerns with a new RFID-based identification (ID) scheme in Canada. Influenced by participatory design and probe approaches to technology design, we built and tested mock infrastructures of RFID-based identification systems including low fidelity paper prototypes, and high fidelity prototypes using RFID-chipped cards, a database, antenna and reader. We also worked closely with civil society organizations to run public engagement activities. This paper reports on our attempts to create spaces for ‘playful’ engagement with RFID-based ID scheme technology at a time of ‘serious’ policy deliberations. Designed in the spirit of serious play, our mock ID infrastructures make the security and civil liberties challenges inherent in the proposed combination of ID cards and databases more visible, while demonstrating how such ID schemes work. At this point, we see future promise in the design and use of mock ID infrastructure for public engagement during relevant policy deliberations about ID schemes and databases which contain personal information.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF STABILITY INDICATING ASSAY METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF FELODIPINE IN TABLET DOSAGE FORM
Authors: Patre Narendra G. , Patil S. S.
Published: July 2018

A simple and sensitive, HPTLC method has been developed for the quantitative estimation of felodipine in it’s single component tablet formulation. The separation was carried out on Merck aluminium plates precoated with silica Gel 60 F254 using n -hexane: ethyl acetate in the ratio of 6:4 (v/v) as mobile phase. Felodipine showed Rf value of 0.53 ± 0.027 and was scanned at 366 nm using Camag TLC Scanner 3. The linear regression data for the calibration plot showed a good relationship with r=0.9792. The method was validated for precision and recovery. The limits of detection and quantification were 23.54 and 71.33 ng/spot respectively. The developed method was successfully used for the assay of felodipine tablet formulations. The method is simple, sensitive and precise; it can be used for the routine quality control testing of marketed formulations.
IN SILICO PHARMACOKINETIC, BIOACTIVITY AND TOXICITY STUDY OF SOME SELECTED ANTI-ASTHMATIC AGENTS
Authors: Mishra Shashank Shekhar , Kumar Neeraj , Singh Hamendra Pratap , Ranjan Shashi , Sharma Chandra Shekhar
Published: July 2018

Asthma is a disease affecting the airways that carry air to and from lungs. Exposure to various irritants and substances that trigger allergies (allergens) can trigger signs and symptoms of asthma. The prevalence of asthma varies widely in different regions of the world due to distinct genetic, environmental and occupational risk factors. In this research investigation, we study the pharmacokinetic, drug-likeness, bioactivity profile and toxicity profile of some selected anti-asthmatic agents by computational methods. The study provides the information about the pharmacokinetic and toxicity of existing drugs that can be used for design and development of new anti-asthmatic agents with more potency and lesser toxicity.
PREPARATION AND EVALUATION OF SOLID DISPERSION OF NEBIVOLOL USING SOLVENT EVAPORATION METHOD
Authors: Raj A. Laxmi , Kumar Y. Shravan
Published: July 2018

Nebivolol is a pharmaceutical drug used for the treatment of Hypertension. It is characterized with poor solubility which limits its absorption and dissolution rate which delays onset of action. In the present study, fifteen formulations of solid dispersions were prepared with 1:1:1, 1:5:2 and 1:3:1.5 ratios of drug: carrier: surfactant by solvent evaporation method. There was significant improvement in the rate of drug release from all 15 solid dispersions and the formulation (SD14) comprising Nebivolol: Kleptose HPB: SLS in 1:5:2 ratio has shown enhanced solubility about 42 folds and significant improvement in the rate of drug release i.e. From powder X-ray diffraction (p-XRD) and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies it was evident that polymorphic form of Nebivolol has been converted into an amorphous form from crystalline within the solid dispersion formulation. The present study demonstrated that formulation of Nebivolol solid dispersion is a highly effective strategy for enhancing the bioavailability of poorly water soluble drug Nebivolol.
DEVELOPMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF QUINAPRIL FAST DISSOLVING ORAL FILMS
Authors: Kumar P. Vamsee , Kumar Y. Shravan
Published: July 2018

In current investigation an attempt has been made to formulate and evaluate Quinapril mouth dissolving films using HPMC 50cps, E5, E15 and in combination of Pullulan by Solvent evaporation method. Sodium starch glycolate acts as a super disintegrating agent and it is shown that as the concentration of the super disintegrates increases the disintegration time decreases. The films were evaluated for weight variation, surface pH, folding endurance, drug content, dissolving time, disintegration time, and in-vitro dissolution studies. Based on the evaluation parameters F17 was to be optimized formulation. The optimized film (F17) showed the more drug release i.e 99.40 ± 5.30% within 7 min, lowest in vitro disintegration time 10 sec. FTIR studies proved no drug polymer interaction takes place. These results revealed that fast dissolving films of Quinapril could be formulated for quick onset of action which is required in the efficient management of hypertension.
KINETIKA DEGRADASI SELULOSA ASETAT DARI SABUT PINANG
Authors: Syahbanu Intan , Anugraini Annisa , Melati Husna Amalya
Published: July 2018

Cellulose Acetate is a material with wide range in applications. Cellulose acetate may obtain from natural resources, such as areca fiber. Polymers should have uniform molecular weight for the applications and could be modify by ultrasonic waves. Ultrasonic treatment on polymer entangled with polymer degradation. In this research, degradation kinetics of cellulose acetate in acetone had been studied. Analysis was performed by determination of intrinsic viscosity in polymer solution system.  Intrinsic viscosity was successfully obtained by fitting data using Huggins equation, indicate molecular interaction in polymer solution should not be neglected.  Increasing in sonication time reducing the intrinsic viscosities as well as molecular size in solutions.  Degradation rate constant and reaction order were obtained 5,975x10-3(g.mL-1)0,1.min-1 and 1,0616, respectively.  Kinetics model was successful to determine the degradation rates of cellulose acetate on acetone by correlation coefficient (R2) at 0,966.
MECHANIZATION OF HARVESTING OF JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE
Authors: Mikheev V. V. , Eremchenko V. I. , Pyshkin V. K. , Eremin P. A.
Published: July 2018

The main mechanization harvesting problems of Jerusalem artichoke tubers are revealed. The results of laboratory and fi eld studies of the conditions for the growth and separation of Jerusalem artichoke tubers from stems during harvesting are given. The average depth of occurrence of rhizomes in the soil is 190-210 mm, their average mass is 6.09 kg. The degree of separation of tubers from the rhizome with a single dynamic effect (falling from the height of 1.5 m) accounts for 26.01%; the average effort to tear tubers from the bush or stolons is 4.40 ... 12.42 ± 0.1 N. The complete removal of tubers from the rhizome is achieved by fi xing the stems and rhizomes in a stationary condition. The above efforts to tear the tubers were applied in the direction of both tearing them off and turning them at an angle of 90 ... 180 °. Effective mechanical and technological methods of separation of Jerusalem artichoke tubers from rhizome and stems are identifi ed. They consist of the combined effect of dynamic forces of the impact type, equivalent to a fall from the height of not less than 1.5 m, rotational at an angle 90 ... 180 ° and the tearing off effects on tubers of at least 12.42 N on the rhizome, tubers and stolons. The composition, arrangement, schemes and interaction of the harvesting machine working parts for autumn harvesting of Jerusalem artichoke are established. Innovative schemes and composition of the working parts of a harvesting machine for harvesting Jerusalem artichoke, based on an adapter to serial harvesting machines for potatoes, are proposed. Working parts of the harvesting machine include a pulling and supporting-conveying device as well as separating devices located above the separating elevator of the harvesting machine. The technology of operation of the working parts by the elements of the harvesting machine design is described.
Colisión de aves en ventanas del Centro Universitario Victoria, Tamaulipas, México
Authors: Gómez-Moreno Vannia del Carmen , Herrera-Herrera José Rafael , Niño-Maldonado Santiago
Published: July 2018

Las colisiones de las aves con diversas construcciones humanas (e.g., ventanales de cristal) son el segundo factor de mortalidad más importante en paisajes urbanos después de la depredación por gatos. Se ha estimado que alrededor de 988 millones de aves mueren anualmente solamente en los Estados Unidos y Canadá por estos factores. Entre agosto de 2015 y septiembre de 2016 evaluamos la frecuencia de colisiones aves-ventanas en el Centro Universitario Victoria de la Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas en el noreste de México. Para detectar aves muertas por colisiones realizamos recorridos en busca de cadáveres dentro de una franja perimetral (tres metros de ancho) alrededor de cuatro edificios durante dos sesiones diarias de muestreo (09:00-10:00 h y 16:00- 17:00 h). Identificamos 21 aves en el suelo de 16 especies, de éstas el 50% de las especies fueron residentes y del total de colisiones 16 fueron fatales. Las especies con mayor incidencia fueron la paloma ala blanca (Zenaida asiatica) con cuatro individuos y el colibrí pico ancho (Cynanthus latirostris) con tres. Durante el muestreo también detectamos cinco especies de aves residentes con conducta agonística contra su reflejo en las ventanas con vidrio reflejante de los edificios del campus universitario. Proponemos algunas medidas para mitigar el número de colisiones de aves en el CUV (e.g., colocación de bandas de colores en las ventanas). Las especies que colisionaron representaron el 5.2% de las especies descritas para el municipio de Victoria. Determinamos mayor frecuencia de colisión en los edificios con vidrios reflejantes. Es necesario seguir desarrollando más estudios de colisiones de aves usando metodologías sistemáticas, que incluyan puntos de conteo simultáneos para considerar la prevalencia de las especies en el sitio de estudio con el fin de documentar el impacto de la urbanización en las poblaciones y comunidades de aves en diferentes centros y paisajes urbanos de México. La determinación de los factores que más influyen en las tasas de colisión de aves-ventanas ayudará en el desarrollo de acciones efectivas de manejo para reducir las colisiones en diferentes escalas espaciales y temporales.
Methodological Peculiarities of the Usage of Stretching Techniques in the Process of Flexibility Development
Authors: Romaniuk Oksana , Zadvornyi Bohdan
Published: July 2018

The article is devoted to theoretical and methodological substantiations of the body flexibility development practically applying the stretching techniques. It was generalized scientific data on the organization and methodological features of stretching exercises. Semantic content and structural componential model of stretching usage in the process of flexibility development and the estimation of the changes of this characteristic according to the age were carried out. In particular, some parameters were highlighted especially which allow to recommend that methodology both for individual and group usage were analyzed. Besides, it was analyzed the diversity of physiological mechanism of the influence of stretching on human body, especially it was singled out the effect on mental and physical spheres of human being. The generalized scientific data on the theoretical and practical aspects of flexibility development with the help of stretching techniques indicate the priority of usage of this method in many types of physical activities irrespective of the scope of its practical application.
Lifestyle of Students Studying in the Specialty «Nursing»
Authors: Semenova Nataliia , Sirenko Romana , Ripak Maryana , Chekhovska Liubov
Published: July 2018

The article analyzes the lifestyle of students studying in the specialty «Nursing». Among students of medical colleges there was conducted a survey, which was attended by young men (n = 10) and women (n = 106), aged 15 to 21 years. The study revealed a small number of students who smoke cigarettes, but alcohol and low alcoholic drinks were consumed by about 73 % of female students, of which 28 people were underage. There was discovered low physical activity among students after school - 107,08 ± 14,9 min. per week, which is about 15 minutes. for a day. It is already stated, that the lifestyle of students studying with a speciality called «Medical care» needs a constant and purposeful forming during the whole learning period.The realizing of the importance of health preservation for patients and first of all for yourself the change of students attitude according to the lifestyle and forming of the value relation to own health – all of it will promote a success full realization of social and professional functions of the future nurses.
Features of Strentg Development in High School-Aged Children Involved in Athletic Throwing
Authors: Cherkashina Lyudmila , Cherkashyn Roman
Published: July 2018

Topicality. Relevance of research due to the need to search for and study of new ways to take force of children of high school age who are engaged in athletic throwing. The aim – to optimize the training process throwers of high school age through the use of different education methods of power quality. Results of research in recent years the tendency of decline in strength, and in connection with this decrease in athletic performance of boys and girls high school age who are engaged in athletic throwing. Therefore there is a need to find the most effective methods of training young people in which they can to reach maximum heights, using all the reserves of the body without harming him. Conclusions. Quite popular and promising means of strength training exercises are terasat, which combined with isometric exercises enhance the level of power quality, the effectiveness of the training process and improve athletic performance in the discus. Compared with classic strength training terasat application makes it possible to improve the emotional background of occupation, easy to adjust the load according to individual capacity boys and girls. The gradual reduction of the length terasat can develop not only the strength endurance but also to correct the human physique.
Improvement of Respiratory System Performance Among the Students of Transport College by Means of Running Exercises and the Method of Endogenous Hypoxic Respiration
Authors: Galandzovskyi Stanislav , Onyshchuk Viktoria
Published: July 2018

The influence of a 24-week program including running exercises and endogenous hypoxic respiration method on the parameters of external respiration was studied. After 8 and 16 weeks a spectrum of volume and speed parameters of external respiration improved. The changes in the above mentioned parameters are an indication of the better spare capacity of external respiration system and better functional capacity of respirational muscles. Positive changes in speed spirometry parameters characterize improved air passage through different sections of bronchi.
The Assessment of Students’ Physical Shape in the Context of Physical Education Modernization
Authors: Hryhoriev Valeriy , Smulskii Valeriy
Published: July 2018

The Urgency of the Research. The prospect of modernization of the process of physical education in higher educational establishments and the improvement in students’ physical shape is made by providing with football classes as a part of campus sports club activity. The aim of the Research – is to analyze and to assess the students’ physical shape in the context of the modernization of current physical education in higher educational establishments by means of campus football sport club classes. Results of the Research. It is specified that a low level of physical fitness and middle level mostly were natural for students of the control group while students of the experimental group were characterized by the sufficient and high levels. None of the students of both groups had more than middle and high levels of the somatic health. 43,75 % of students in the control group and 31,25 % of students in the experimental group are characterized by a low level of the somatic health. Students in the experimental group are characterized by better statistical average rates of physical ability than students in the control group. According to the defined grading levels of physical ability, none of the students had low or high-level rates. Rates of health and fitness physical activity in experimental group students were accurately higher than in control group students. Conclusions. Campus football sport club classes have more influence on the physical shape of student youth, i.e. improve the level of physical fitness, somatic health, health and fitness physical activity and physical ability in general.
СИСТЕМАТИЗАЦИЯ НАРУШЕНИЙ ПСИХОФИЗИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ ДЕТЕЙ РАННЕГО ВОЗРАСТА
Authors: Valitova Irina
Published: July 2018

Закономерности нарушений психофизического развития ребенка в раннем возрасте, по сравнению с более поздним, исследованы в специальной психологии крайне мало. Имеющиеся классификации видов нарушений (расстройства) развития не созданы для раннего возраста, что затрудняет как научные исследования, так и практическую работу психологов в системе раннего вмешательства. Ранний возраст – период от одного года до трех лет – традиционно рассматривается как сензитивный период для развития ребенка, отличающийся высоким темпом психофизического развития; ребенок в этом возрасте легко подвергается вре­доносному воздействию биологических и психологических факторов. Однако целостная картина закономерностей нарушений развития ребенка в раннем возрасте отсутствует.

В статье даются классификации нарушений развития, созданные в детской неврологии и психиатрии, специальной психологии и коррекционной педагогике. Показывается их ограниченность применительно к характеристике нарушений развития у детей раннего возраста: не включены важные виды нарушений, поэтому они не могут применятся относительно к маленьким детям. Имеется лишь одна классификация DC 0-3, в которой представлены виды нарушений развития у детей от рождения до трех лет, однако в ней рассматриваются эмоционально-поведенческие расстройства у детей и не включены, в частности, нарушения речи и когнитивного развития, расстройства двигательных функций.

Предлагается модель нарушений психофизического развития детей раннего возраста, в которой систематизированы имеющиеся научные данные и которая опирается на концепцию первичного и вторичного дефектов в структуре нарушений психофизического развития. В качестве критерия классификации видов нарушений развития выбрана ведущая сфера, которая нарушается, в первую очередь, в структуре психофизического развития ребенка.
LEARNING MOTIVATION IN METACOGNITIVE MONITORING RELIABILITY
Authors: Kalamazh Ruslana , Avhustiuk Maria
Published: July 2018

The paper tries to contribute to better understanding of the reliability of metacognitive monitoring. The research is centred in a precise theoretical framework of motivation in metacognitive monitoring of the learning activity of university students(n = 262; M = 19,5; SD = 1,87). Moreover, we aimed to study the role of the learning motivation in such metacognitive monitoring error as the illusion of knowing.To diagnose the role of the learning motivation in metacognitive monitoring reliability a method of motivation diagnosis by Ilyina (2003) was used provided by the study of the structure of motivation in the university activity. The results of the empirical study of the learning motivation in metacognitive monitoring are highlighted. In particular, the results show that among the most important characteristics, student motivation is aimed to provide better understanding of the nature of metacognitive monitoring reliability and can help in the annihilation of the negative impact of the illusion of knowing on metacognitive monitoring of the university learning activity. Those students who were focused on knowledge performed accurate metacognitive judgements. However, among the students targeted for occupation the accuracy of metacognitive monitoring was the highest (MaJOL = -.006; SD = .01; MaRCJ = -.006; SD = .02; MJOL = .03; SD = .02; MRCJ = .00; SD = .01) (p = .05). Possible prospectives of future investigations of the problem are also described.
СУСПІЛЬНИЙ РУХ ЯК ПРЕДМЕТ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГІЧНОГО АНАЛІЗУ
Authors: Koval Hennadiy
Published: July 2018

У статті розглянуто проблематику місця суспільного руху в межах соціально-психологічної таксономії об’єктів соціально-психологічного аналізу, інспіровану опозицією розуміння суспільного руху як різновиду великої групи або, навпаки, як окремого класу суспільних явищ, що не входить у таксономію груп та спільнот. Розглянуто проблему диференціації поняття «суспільний рух» у межах таксономії великих соціальних груп як проблему відмежування суспільного руху від великих стихійних груп. Розкрито проблему диференціації суспільного руху як організації від таксономії малих груп. Запропоновано критерії виокремлення об’єктів соціально-психологічної таксономії як різні способи завдання спільності в межах тієї або іншої форми суспільного явища. У якості способу завдання спільності запропоновано виокремлення різного виду характеристик особистості як параметрів можливого входження в ту чи іншу форму соціального явища. Запропоновано введення додаткового критерію класифікації для знаходження місця суспільного руху в межах таксономії великих організованих груп. У якості такого критерію запропоновано поняття соціального завдання, що розуміється як чинник організованості суспільного руху. Запропоновано розуміння суспільного руху як великої організованої групи, що пов’язана окремим видом суспільного зв’язку та критерієм виокремлення якої є поняття соціального завдання як сукупності соціальних умов і цілей колективної діяльності. Позначено проблему нерозкритості чинників, що зумовлюють взаємозв’язок між представниками су­спільного руху, розкриття якої також передбачає розгляд мотиваційної під­структури діяльності, яка не є складовою частиною структури соціальної задачі.