bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of ultrasound features and establishment of a predictive nomogram for triple-negative and non-triple-negative breast cancer
Authors: Su Liyang , Xie Qiaojie , Chen Jiaohong , Zhang Qingquan , Li Nian , Hong Chuntian
Published: February 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare ultrasound features and establish a predictive nomogram for distinguishing between triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and non-triple-negative breast cancer (non-TNBC).
Materials and Methods: The study included a total of 205 patients with confirmed TNBC and 574 patients with non-TNBC, randomly divided into a training set and a validation set at a ratio of 7:3. All patients underwent ultrasound examination and received a confirmatory pathological diagnosis. Nodules were classified according to the Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) standard. Subsequently, the study conducted a comparative analysis of clinical characteristics and ultrasonic features.
Results: A statistically significant difference was observed in multiple clinical and ultrasonic features between TNBC and non-TNBC. Specifically, in the logistic regression analysis conducted on the training set, indicators such as posterior echo, lesion size, presence of clinical symptoms, margin characteristics, internal blood flow signals, halo, and microcalcification were found to be statistically significant (P<0.05). These significant indicators were then effectively incorporated into a static and dynamic nomogram model, demonstrating high predictive performance in distinguishing TNBC from non-TNBC.
Conclusion: The results of our study demonstrated that ultrasound features can be valuable in distinguishing between TNBC and non-TNBC. The presence of posterior echo, size, clinical symptoms, margin, internal flow, halo and microcalcification were identified as predictive factors for this differentiation. Microcalcification, hyperechoic halo, internal flow, and clinical symptoms emerged as the strongest predictive factors, indicating their potential as reliable indicators for identifying TNBC and non-TNBC.
Functionally refined encoding of threat memory by distinct populations of basal forebrain cholinergic projection neurons.
Authors: Rajebhosale Prithviraj , Ananth Mala R. , Kim Ronald , Crouse Richard , Jiang Li , López-Hernández Gretchen , Zhong Chongbo , Arty Christian , Wang Shaohua , Jone Alice , Desai Niraj S. , Li Yulong , Picciotto Marina R. , Role Lorna W. , Talmage David A.
Published: February 2024

Neurons of the basal forebrain nucleus basalis and posterior substantia innominata (NBM/SIp) comprise the major source of cholinergic input to the basolateral amygdala (BLA). Using a genetically-encoded acetylcholine (ACh) sensor in mice, we demonstrate that BLA-projecting cholinergic neurons can “learn” the association between a naïve tone and a foot shock (training) and release ACh in the BLA in response to the conditioned tone 24h later (recall). In the NBM/SIp cholinergic neurons express the immediate early gene, Fos following both training and memory recall. Cholinergic neurons that express Fos following memory recall display increased intrinsic excitability. Chemogenetic silencing of these learning-activated cholinergic neurons prevents expression of the defensive behavior to the tone. In contrast, we show that NBM/SIp cholinergic neurons are not activated by an innately threatening stimulus (predator odor). Instead, VP/SIa cholinergic neurons are activated and contribute to defensive behaviors in response to predator odor, an innately threatening stimulus. Taken together, we find that distinct populations of cholinergic neurons are recruited to signal distinct aversive stimuli, demonstrating functionally refined organization of specific types of memory within the cholinergic basal forebrain of mice.
Latitudinal and morphological divergence among three allopatric populations of Rhagoletis cingulata in Eastern America and Northern Mexico.
Authors: Tadeo Eduardo , Muñiz-Reyes Erica
Published: February 2024

Geography is often a key factor facilitating population divergence and speciation. Determining the underlying causes of this radiation is fundamental to understanding the emergence of new species as a result of evolutionary processes or reproductive barriers to gene flow between populations, which are caused by the availability of resources and prevailing environmental conditions in different habitats. The objective of this work was to analyse the morphological variations present in three geographically isolated and latitudinally distant populations of flies of the cingulata group. The results provide evidence of a clinal pattern of geographic variation among these populations, as shown by morphometric changes, variations in femur pigmentation and the presence of an apical band or point in the wing patterns among individuals from different populations. These phenotypic differences could be closely related to the phenotypic differences found within the cingulata group and even show a different pattern of adaptive radiation than that of R. pomonella that gave rise to the incipient apple and hawthorn-associated species in the USA.
The ultrastructural identity of some cells in the nematode Sphaerolaimus gracilis.
Authors: Turpeenniemi T.A.
Published: February 2024

The fine structure of cells closely related to fibroblasts, lymphocytes, stem cells and steroidogenic cells in the nematode Sphaerolaimus gracilis was studied by transmission electron microscopy. The body regions of the renette pore (ventral pore) and coelomocytes were studied.
Fibroblasts, lymphocytes, and stem cells were found in the lateral position at the level of the renette pore. Fibroblastsare characterized by long and wide cellular processes. The cytoplasm consisted of a network of irregularly arranged microscopic tubules. The nucleus was very large, oval, or quadrangular. Occasionally, small, oval, or basket-shaped mitochondria and some fragments of rough endoplasmic reticulum were observed in the periphery of the cell. Lymphocytes had an extremely round cell body and a very large round nucleus encircled by a thin cytoplasmic rim. Several pieces of rough endoplasmic reticulum, an oval mitochondrion, and several ribosomes were observed in the cytoplasm. A large rectangular stem cell abutted lymphocytes dorsally on both sides of the esophagus. In the cytoplasm of stem cells, there were tiny filaments in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, a centrosome, and small vesicles in the periphery of the cell. The nucleolus was characterized by a granular structure. Steroidogenic cellswere embedded into the lateral epidermal cord of the coelomocyte region in the corner of two lateral epidermal cells. The cell body was characterized by a large nucleus, a voluminous vacuole, tubular mitochondria, vesicular bodies, and rough endoplasmic reticulum. Two longitudinally traveling and morphologically different lateral nerves were close to the steroidogenic cells, and both ran in the corner of the neighboring lateral epidermal cells with a connection to the coelomic space.
mCodeGPT: Bridging the Gap between Unstructured Medical Text and Structured Cancer Ontologies
Authors: Zhang Kai , Huang Tongtong , Malin Bradley A , Osterman Travis , Long Qi , Jiang Xiaoqian
Published: February 2024

The rapidly growing collection of clinical free text data about cancer provides an unprecedented opportunity to harness rich, real-world insights for advancing cancer research and treatment. At the same time, there is a formidable challenge in efficiently extracting, standardizing, and structuring this vast and unstructured information to derive meaningful conclusions. In this paper, we address the problem of information extraction to standardize and structure such free text using large language models (LLMs) following the minimal Common Oncology Data Elements (mCODE™) structure. To this end, we implement mCodeGPT, an approach that ingests the cancer ontology knowledgebase and hierarchically generates prompts to extract relevant information from clinical notes. The generated output is subsequently organized and displayed in a tabular and structured format for improved analysis and interpretation. Our approach is annotation-free and eliminates the need for model training. mCodeGPT achieved over 95% accuracy for named entity recognition on mCODE concepts,
Spherically-symmetric naked singularities with minimally-coupled scalar fields : effects of self-interaction and quasi-normal modes
Authors:   , Stashko Oleksandr
Published: February 2024

In this thesis, we present a detailed consideration of both qualitative and quantitative properties of static spherically symmetric solutions of the Einstein equations with self-interacting scalar fields. Our focus is on solutions with naked singularities. We study the qualitative properties of the solutions of the Einstein equations with real static self-interacting $N$ scalar fields, making some assumptions on self-interaction. We provide a rigorous proof that the corresponding solutions will be regular up to $r=0$. Furthermore, we find the rigorous form of asymptotic solutions near the singularity and at spatial infinity. We construct some examples of spherical-like naked singularities at $r=r_s\neq0$ in curvature coordinates. We analyze the stability of the previously considered solutions against odd-parity gravitational perturbations and also examine the fundamental quasi-normal modes spectra. For the general class of the self-interaction potential, we demonstrate well-posedness of the initial problem and stability for positively defined potentials. As an example, we numerically study the case of the scalar field with power-law self-interaction potential and find the fundamental quasi-normal modes frequencies. We demonstrate that they differ from the standard Schwarzschild black hole case. We study in detail the motion of particles in the vicinity of previously considered solutions. Mainly, we are interested in considering properties of the distribution of stable circular orbits around the corresponding configurations and images of the accretion disk for a distant observer. For all cases, we find possible types of stable circular orbit distributions and domains of parameters where they are realized. We also demonstrate that the presence of self-interaction can lead to a new type of circular orbit distributions, which is absent in the linear massless scalar field case. We build Keplerian disk images in the plane of a distant observer and demonstrate the possibility to mimic the shadows of black holes.
Mode of Action of Calcium in Reducing Macrocracking of Sweet Cherry Fruit
Authors: Winkler Andreas , Bunger Pia , Lang Paula Morales , Schumann Christine , Brüggenwirth Martin , Knoche Moritz
Published: February 2024

Rain cracking (hereinafter referred to as macrocracking) severely impacts the production of sweet cherry (Prunus avium). Calcium (Ca) sprays can reduce macrocracking, but the reported responses to Ca sprays are variable and inconsistent. The objective of this study was to establish the physiological mechanism through which Ca reduces macrocracking in sweet cherry fruit. Six spray applications of 50 mM CaCl2 had no effect on macrocracking (assessed using a standardized immersion assay) despite a 28% increase in the Ca-to-dry mass ratio. Similarly, during another experiment, there was no effect of up to nine Ca sprays on macrocracking, although the Ca-to-dry mass ratio increased as the number of applications increased. In contrast, CaCl2 spray applications during simulated rain (in a fog chamber) significantly reduced the proportion of macrocracked fruit. Additionally, immersion of fruit in CaCl2 decreased macrocracking in a concentration-dependent manner. Monitoring macrocrack extension using image analysis revealed that the rate of macrocrack extension decreased markedly as the CaCl2 concentration increased. This effect was significant at concentrations as low as 1 mM CaCl2. Decreased anthocyanin leakage, decreased epidermal cell wall swelling, and increased fruit skin stiffness and fracture force contributed to the decrease in macrocracking. There was no effect of CaCl2 on the cuticle deposition rate. Our results demonstrated that Ca decreased macrocracking when applied to a wet fruit surface either by spraying on wet fruit or by incubation in solutions containing CaCl2. Under these circumstances, Ca had direct access to the cell wall of an extending macrocrack. The mode of action of Ca in reducing macrocracking is primarily decreasing the rate of crack extension at the tip of a macrocrack.
Desenvolvimento de um Projeto de Baixo Custo para um Analisador de Esfigmomanômetro com IOT
Authors: Silva Ana Carolina Rodrigues , Campos Gabriel Rizzo , Figueiredo Maria Eduarda Barbosa de , Dias Jeferson Cerqueira , Mesquita Marcos Henrique Silva
Published: February 2024

Um dos maiores agravantes de doenças cardiovasculares é o aumento da pressão sanguínea, denominado hipertensão arterial sistêmica (HAS) e aferida por esfigmomanômetros. Esses equipamentos necessitam de constante calibração, realizada com analisadores. Observa-se que há problemas envolvendo sua usabilidade, conectividade e falta de documentos explicativos. A proposta deste trabalho é desenvolver o projeto e protótipo de um analisador de esfigmomanômetro de baixo custo, simplificado, preciso e com a implementação da Internet das Coisas (IoT). Como resultado, atingiu-se o funcionamento da simulação do analisador no software Proteus, desenho do protótipo no AutoCAD e a representação da coleta de dados no Google Sheets, onde foi verificado a não conformidade dos valores de 120 e 180 mmHg. Foi possível concluir que o projeto e protótipo apresentaram as características iniciais propostas, sendo necessários futuros ajustes e ainda, o desenvolvimento e aperfeiçoamento dos cálculos, bem como, um protótipo com as características comerciais.
Gestão de Compliance em Recursos Humanos e sua relação com cultura organizacional em empresas startups no setor de tecnologia
Authors: Lugoboni Leonardo Fabris , Tambasco Nathália Maria Lopes , Klein Gabriel de Aguiar , Nakamura Wilson Toshiro , Araujo Juliano Augusto Orsi de
Published: February 2024

Compliance busca padronizar comportamentos esperados e relaciona-se com leis e adesão a regras e a cultura organizacional. Trata também sobre a padronização de valores em uma determinada empresa, associando-se diretamente à área de Recursos Humanos. Neste sentido, investigou-se as práticas de compliance na área de recursos humanos e sua relação com a cultura organizacional em startups no setor de tecnologia localizadas em São Paulo. Foram conduzidas entrevistas semiestruturadas com quatro startups do ramo de tecnologia com sede em São Paulo. Esta pesquisa ilustra a prática de jovens empresas, que tendem a ser revolucionárias e inovadoras e ainda trazem uma abordagem diferente das demais empresas. As startups que possuem áreas estruturadas de compliance destacam a importância da área de recursos humanos para desenvolver as atividades de divulgação das regras, revisão de políticas, construção do código de ética e disseminação de uma cultura de compliance.
Hospital Associated Variation in Nutritional Status and Dietary Compliance of Elderly Patients
Authors: Farooq Fatima , Jafri Syeda Uroosa , Tanweer Afifa , Khan Rida
Published: February 2024

Background:
Malnutrition is associated with detrimental aftermaths for patients including increased infections, complications, exacerbated muscle loss, prolonged hospital stay, and is often underdiagnosed.
Objective: The study was carried out to determine the hospital associated variability of nutritional status, impact of length of stay on malnutrition in geriatrics.
Methods:
A sample of 100 participants was selected for a single group pretest posttest quasi experimental study. Interviewer administered questionnaire and Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) tool were used to collect data both at the time of admission and discharge. Within group pre-admission and post-discharge outcomes including nutrition practices, dietary compliance and nutritional status assessed by SGA were compared.
Results:
The BMI of the participants decreased at the time of discharge (22.89±4.44 kg/m2 pretest vs. 22.25±4.46 kg/m2 posttest) and more adults were categorized undernourished (13% in pretest vs.17% in posttest). A significant decrease in well-nourished participants (45.0% pretest vs. 32.0% posttest), and increased malnourished individuals (12.0% pretest vs. 25.0% posttest) was observed.
Conclusion:
Length of stay along with dietary constraints in geriatrics affects the nutritional status drastically. Targeted dietetic interventions can decrease hospital associated malnourishment. Dietary compliance of hospitalized patients can be ensured by educating the patient/caregiver to reduce the risk of malnutrition and hospital readmission. Patients already malnourished at admission are more prone to have deteriorating health.
Greywater Reuse
Authors: Gross Amit , Maimon Adi , Alfiya Yuval , Friedler Eran
Published: February 2024

Greywater Reuse examines the features and implications of greywater reuse scientifically, quantitatively, and thoroughly. Based on the authors' extensive studies of treatment facilities in urban and rural environments, development of greywater treatment systems, and research of potential environmental and health risks posed by greywater at different treatment levels, this authoritative text: Describes the chemical, physical, and microbial properties of greywater Covers the treatment and removal of greywater pollutants, providing case studies of common methodsIdentifies the risks involved in greywater use and proposes regulatory measures to help reduce these risksReviews the greywater management strategies, policies, and legislation of several different countriesDiscusses the prevailing public perception and willingness to adopt various uses of greywaterAnalyzes the economic impact of greywater reuse from both the consumer and national perspectives

This title is co-published with CRC Press Amit Gross, Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Israel, Adi Maimon, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel, Yuval Alfiya, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel and Eran Friedler, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
Rethinking community-led total sanitation for eradicating open defecation in rural Ebonyi state communities, Nigeria: practice considerations for social work practitioners and educators
Authors: Agha Agha Ali , Osuu Christopher , Onalu Chinyere Edith , Adewoyin Yemi
Published: February 2024

Nigeria is ranked number two in the world with the highest prevalence of open defecation (OD) despite the adoption of community-led total sanitation (CLTS) since 2007. Using some CLTS-triggered communities in Ebonyi State, this study investigated the awareness of CLTS, OD status, and its drivers as well as social workers' involvement in environmental sustainability. Study data generated from primary surveys included the socio-demographic characteristics of the study population and measurable behavioral elements of the SaniFOAM framework. Results of the statistical analyses show that more than 79% of the respondents were aware of CLTS, yet OD prevalence was 84.8%. While being married (odds ratio (OR): 0.036), being a civil servant (OR: 0.109), and having at least secondary education (OR: 0.119) were associated with lower odds of OD, whereas dislike for trekking (OR: 4.322), absence of laws (OR: 5.380), sanctions (OR: 4.715), and other SaniFOAM variables were associated with increased odds of OD. The results suggest that behavioral change toward OD under CLTS, with its focus on community mobilization for self-awareness and self-assessment for eliminating OD, may be a mirage without stricter approaches, laws, and sanctions for behavioral change. The domiciliation of these within grassroot governments and social workers' involvement in sanitation promotion are suggested.
Can Blue-Green Infrastructure enhance resilience in urban drainage systems during failure conditions?
Authors: Mugume Seith N. , Kibibi Hilary , Sorensen Johanna , Butler David
Published: February 2024

The need to enhance the resilience of urban drainage systems (UDSs) in view of emerging global climate change and urbanisation threats is well recognised. Blue-Green Infrastructure (BGI) provides a suitable strategy for building the resilience of existing UDSs. However, there are limited quantitative studies that provide evidence of their effectiveness for increased uptake in cities. In this research, coupled one-dimensional–two-dimensional (1D–2D) modelling is applied to assess the effectiveness of BGI that include rainwater harvesting systems, infiltration trenches, bioretention cells, and detention ponds using two case study UDSs located in Kampala that experience catastrophic pluvial flooding caused by extreme rainfall. The resulting flooding impacts are quantified considering ‘failed’ and ‘non-failed’ UDS initial states, using total flood volume and average flood duration as system performance indicators. The study results suggest that spatially distributed rainwater harvesting systems singularly lead to a reduction in total flood volume and average flood duration of 16–45% and 18–24% in the case study UDSs, respectively. Furthermore, the study results suggest that BGIs are more effective during moderate rainfall (T < 10 years). Based on the study findings, city scale implementation of multifunctional rainwater harvesting systems is recommended as a suitable strategy for enhancing UDSs’ resilience.
IMAGENS MULTISSITUADAS, PERFORMANCE E O DIGITAL
Authors: Cavalcante Vieira Marina , Barretto de Menezes Lopes Cristina
Published: February 2024

Não existe cientista social que não se depare com imagens em suas pesquisas contemporâneas, sejam fotográficas, audiovisuais, memes que circulam em redes sociais ou imagens institucionais em páginas oficiais dos grupos estudados: as imagens circulam. O artigo a seguir surge como um convite para observarmos a importância dos campos das imagens, da performance e do digital como possibilidades exploratórias de pesquisas multissituadas em antropologia. O tema surge como um encontro entre pesquisadoras que se colocam a pensar imagens e performances a partir de origens e formações distintas. O objetivo do nosso trabalho é apresentar o conceito de etnografia multissituada, de George Marcus, diante da análise da performance de Richard Schechner e da emergência da antropologia digital, como forma de compreender a proliferação, circulação e multissituacionalidade das imagens contemporâneas. O texto apresenta a articulação desses diversos campos em uma discussão teórico-metodológica sobre as condições e possibilidades criativas de fazer pesquisa em antropologia, arte e teatro. As relações entre arte e antropologia se manifestam no contexto do experimentalismo em pesquisa e nos processos de construção de linguagens, promovendo conhecimentos interdisciplinares que desafiam as formas convencionais de conduzir pesquisa. O artigo apresenta um panorama e uma discussão sobre as mudanças paradigmáticas que norteiam as formas de fazer pesquisa nas ciências sociais hoje, como forma de contextualizar as aproximações contemporâneas entre arte e antropologia, em seguida apresentando as articulações entre imagens, performances e antropologia digital como etnografias multissituadas.
TERRITÓRIOS DA FESTA
Authors: Esteves Leonardo
Published: February 2024

Neste artigo, reflito sobre as repercussões no patrimônio imaterial decorrentes das transformações em curso na área central do Recife, originadas pelo megaprojeto urbanístico, imobiliário e turístico intitulado "Novo Recife". Em particular, analiso o impacto desse plano de desenvolvimento e ocupação na dinâmica do carnaval nesta região da cidade. Abordo a área central do Recife considerando-a a partir da noção de "território", cujas características vão além da sua materialidade, abrangendo aspectos simbólicos, discursivos e políticos. As mudanças planejadas para essa área tendem alterar significativamente a paisagem urbana e a dinâmica festiva, introduzindo novos usos e formas de ocupação do espaço. As discussões apresentadas fazem parte de um estudo mais amplo sobre os impactos do Projeto Novo Recife. Para isso, utilizei estratégias metodológicas como observação direta, conversas informais e análise documental. Pretende-se que este trabalho contribua para uma compreensão mais abrangente sobre os desdobramentos dos projetos de desenvolvimento urbano no campo do patrimônio imaterial, com ênfase na experiência do carnaval no Recife.
PAPEL DO LINGUAJAR NA EVOLUÇÃO HUMANA
Authors: Raimondi Vincenzo
Published: February 2024

A noção de linguajar oferece uma nova compreensão da relação íntima entre socialidade e linguagem. Neste artigo, abordo a emergência evolutiva da linguagem, assumindo a teoria autopoiética da deriva natural. Mostro que essa abordagem sistêmica da evolução oferece o background epistemológico ideal para avaliar o papel do linguajar no processo de hominização. A ideia central é que o modo de vida baseado no linguajar agiu como um atrator para o processo evolutivo. Essa reivindicação depende de três suposições interrelacionadas: 1) hábitos comportamentais e relacionais podem canalizar o curso de mudanças genéticas e estruturais; 2) a coordenação recursiva e formas específicas de socialidade definem as condições sistêmicas para a coexistência-pelo-linguajar a ser conservada ao longo de gerações; 3) a conservação dessas condições sistêmicas dão origem a um processo de feedback positivo em espiral que envolve o corpo, a cognição, e a cultura.
COMBATENDO NA RUA, NA POLÍTICA E NA INTERNET
Authors: Schargel Sergio
Published: February 2024

RESENHA DE ANTIFA, DE MARK BRAY
BRASIL ACIMA DE TUDO, DEUS ACIMA DA VIDA
Authors: Souza Marco Aurélio Dias de
Published: February 2024

Os últimos meses no Brasil, além de serem marcados pelo medo trazido pela enorme quantidade de óbitos relacionados a COVID-19, também foram palco de um espetáculo de desinformação, irresponsabilidades e desdém com a vida. Se não bastasse a minimização dos riscos da doença por parte do presidente da república, ainda se viu a incitação às manifestações, campanhas de seus aliados para que apoiadores rompessem a quarentena nos estados que a aderiram e tentativas da utilização de brechas na lei para flexibilizá-la.  Nesse sentido, o artigo tem como tema o debate a respeito da disputa para se colocar as atividades religiosas como atividades essenciais durante a pandemia, ao entender esse movimento como uma resposta direta das relações entre Bolsonaro e setores religiosos conservadores/reacionários, que garantiram sua eleição, e estabelecendo que dentro de um governo que propõe uma narrativa de que a economia não pode parar, a definição da fé como um grande negócio parece bastante adequada para o cenário atual.
Potential Role of Bone Metabolism Markers in Kidney Transplant
Recipients
Authors: Vigil Flávia Maria Borges , Castro Pedro Alves Soares Vaz de , Hasparyk Ursula Gramiscelli , Bartolomei Victória Soares , Silva Ana Cristina Simões e
Published: February 2024

Background:

The impact of treatments, suppressing the immune system, persistent
hyperparathyroidism, and other risk factors on mineral and bone disorder (MBD)
after kidney transplantation is well-known. However, there is limited knowledge about
their effect on bone metabolism biomarkers. This study aimed to investigate the influence
of kidney transplant on these markers, comparing them to patients undergoing hemodialysis
and healthy individuals.

Methods:

In this cross-sectional study, three groups were included: kidney transplant patients
(n = 57), hemodialysis patients (n = 26), and healthy controls (n = 31). Plasma concentrations
of various bone metabolism biomarkers, including Dickkopf-related protein
1, osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin, osteopontin, sclerostin, and fibroblast growth factor 23,
were measured. Associations between these biomarkers and clinical and laboratory data
were evaluated.

Results:

A total of 114 patients participated. Transplant recipients had significantly lower
levels of Dickkopf-related protein 1, osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin, osteopontin, sclerostin,
and fibroblast growth factor 23 compared to hemodialysis patients. Alkaline phosphatase
levels positively correlated with osteopontin (r = 0.572, p < 0.001), while fibroblast
growth factor 23 negatively correlated with 25-hydroxyvitamin D (r = -0.531, p
= 0.019). The panel of bone biomarkers successfully predicted hypercalcemia (area under
the curve [AUC] = 0.852, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.679-1.000) and dyslipidemia
(AUC = 0.811, 95% CI 0.640-0.982) in transplant recipients.

Conclusion:

Kidney transplantation significantly improves mineral and bone disorders
associated with end-stage kidney disease by modulating MBD markers and reducing
bone metabolism markers, such as Dickkopf-related protein 1, osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin,
osteopontin, and sclerostin. Moreover, the panel of bone biomarkers effectively
predicted hypercalcemia and dyslipidemia in transplant recipients.
Study on the Expression and Potential Function of LncRNA in Peripheral
Blood of Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis
Authors: Hong-Yuan Xie , Yi-Ping Tang , Ting Yi , Xia Liao , Quan-Bo Zhang , Yu-Feng Qing , Fei Dai
Published: February 2024

Background:

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an autoimmune disease that has the characteristics
of difficult early diagnosis and a high disability rate.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to further explore the possible mechanism and potential
function of lncRNA in AS.

Methods:

We used lncRNA microarray technology to detect the expression of lncRNA and mRNA
in patients with active AS, stable patients, and healthy controls (HC). Afterward, bioinformatics
analysis was conducted on differentially expressed genes. Seven differentially expressed lncRNAs
were screened out for real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), combined with
various clinical indicators for correlation analysis, and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC)
curve was used to analyze the potential of lncRNA as a diagnostic marker for AS.

Results:

The results showed that the expression levels of NR-037662 and ENST00000599316 in
the AS subgroups were significantly higher than those in the HC group, while the expression levels
of ENST00000577914 and ENST00000579003 were lower than those in the HC group. The expression
levels of NR-003542 and ENST00000512051 in the ASA group were significantly higher
than those in the ASS and HC groups, while NR-026756 was just the opposite. Spearman’s correlation
analysis showed that the expression level of NR-003542 was positively correlated with
Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR),
and high sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP). The expression level of NR-026756 was negatively
correlated with the Bath Ankylosing Spine Inflammatory Disease Activity Index (BASDAI),
BASFI, ESR, hsCRP, and globulin (GLOB). In addition, it was also found that the ROC
curve analysis of the 4 lncRNAs between the AS group (ASA group and ASS group) and the HC
group were statistically significant, and the area under the curve (AUC) of NR-037662, ENST00000599316,
ENST00000577914, and ENST00000579003 was 0.804, 0.812, 0.706, and
0.698, respectively.

Conclusion:

It was found that these differentially expressed lncRNAs of AS may be involved in
the occurrence and development of the disease. Among them, NR-037662, ENST00000599316,
ENST00000577914, and ENST00000579003 might have the potential to become AS diagnostic
molecular markers. Moreover, NR -003542, ENST00000512051, and NR-026756 might have the
potential to be indicators of disease activity.
Antiphytopathogenic Diphenyl Ethers from the Marine-derived Fungus
Aspergillus sydowii
Authors: Shi Ying , Yang Xiao , Ren Jinwei , Liu Ling
Published: February 2024

Background:

Natural products from the marine-derived Aspergillus sp. have great potential
in agricultural usage due to their broad biological activities.

Objective:

This study was designed to investigate the antiphytopathogenic compounds from marinederived
fungus Aspergillus sydowii LW09.

Methods:

The compounds were isolated and purified by chromatography methods, and their structures
were elucidated by analysis of the NMR and MS spectroscopic data as well as comparison with
those of literature. All compounds were evaluated for antibacterial activities against phytopathogenic
bacteria Pseudomonas syringae and Ralstonia solanacarum, along with spore germination inhibition
of phytopathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria alternata.

Results:

Two diphenyl ethers violaceols I (1) and II (2), along with two alkaloids acremolin (3) and
WIN 64821 (4) were isolated from the fermentation extracts of A. sydowii LW09. Compound 1
showed significant antibacterial activity against P. syringae and R. solanacarum with the same MIC
values of 4 μg/mL, while compound 2 showed obvious antibacterial activity against P. syringae and
R. solanacarum with MIC values of 2 and 1 μg/mL, respectively. Moreover, both 1 and 2 could inhibit
the spore germination of F. oxysporum in the concentration range of 64–128 μg/mL. In addition,
violaceol I (1) also inhibited the spore germination of A. alternata at 128 μg/mL.

Conclusion:

This study provided the potential antiphytopathogenic drug candidate for further studies.
Effect of UNAGI (Nutrition Snakes and Ladders Game) on Knowledge of Balanced Diet and Nutritional Intake in Adolescents in Bekasi
Authors: Fayasari Adhila , Juanita Elizabeth
Published: February 2024

Indonesia still faces the Triple Burden of Malnutrition, which can impact the dietary choices of adolescents to balance their nutritional intake and, simultaneously, emphasize the need for effective nutrition education. This study aimed to determine the effect of nutrition education delivered through the UNAGI game and videos on knowledge and nutritional intake of high school students. This quasi-experimental study was conducted with students from Public Senior High School 12 in Bekasi City, where the participants were divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention was provided once a week for two consecutive weeks. Knowledge was measured using a questionnaire, and food intake was assessed through 24-hour food recall. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test for the difference between groups and paired t-test/Wilcoxon for pre-post comparisons, with α significant level of 5%. Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in knowledge and dietary intake between the two groups. Post-intervention, a significant improvement in nutrition knowledge (p-value of 0.000) was noted in the intervention group exposed to the snake and ladder nutrition game. However, there were no significant changes in energy intake (p-value of 0.162), fat intake (p-value of 0.144), sugar consumption (p-value of 0.066), and salt consumption (p-value of 0.944). The findings support the recommendation of utilizing UNAGI games for nutrition education in the digital era as a valuable alternative to visual media, effectively contributing to enhanced nutritional understanding among adolescents.
Mamíferos (Tetrapoda: Mammalia) de la Sierra Madre Occidental, México: megadiversidad en un área de alta complejidad ambiental.
Authors: López-González Celia , García-Mendoza Diego
Published: February 2024

La Sierra Madre Occidental (SMO) es la cadena montañosa más grande de México (1,400 km), y no obstante una de las regiones menos estudiadas del país. Utilizando registros de ejemplares examinados en colecciones científicas, observaciones directas, fotografías y datos bibliográficos, construimos una base de datos con 4,659 registros únicos de mamíferos. Nuestros objetivos fueron generar una lista de especies, examinar patrones generales de distribución, relacionar estos patrones con ecorregiones y vegetación, y discutir la importancia de la SMO como centro de endemismo y alta diversidad. Se documentaron 171 especies (34.3 % de los mamíferos terrestres mexicanos). Cuarenta y siete son endémicos de México, incluyendo diez endémicos de la SMO. La mayor riqueza de especies se registró en la ecorregión Tropical (125). El mayor número de endemismos se registró en esta misma ecorregión (37), seguida de Madrense Sur (24) y Madrense Tropical (22). Nueve de las diez especies endémicas de la SMO se distribuyen en áreas templadas. Poco o ningún esfuerzo de colecta ha sido llevado a cabo en más de la mitad de la SMO. El recambio de especies refleja la diversidad y complejidad de biomas, más que los gradientes latitudinales que podrían esperarse. Solo 4.8 % de la SMO se encuentra dentro de un área protegida, pero éstas no incluyen biomas vulnerables como el bosque mesófilo. Es urgente la investigación biológica en la SMO, un área donde se desarrollan extensas actividades mineras, forestales, ganaderas, y más recientemente, turísticas y provisión servicios ambientales.
Getting out of My Room and Independent Living
Authors: - Anon
Published: February 2024

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Meeting Summarization: A Survey
Authors: Bidkar Manas
Published: February 2024

Abstract: In an era characterized by an incessant influx of information, the demand for efficient knowledge extraction tools has become paramount. This research introduces a Meeting Sum- marizer, a cutting-edge system that amalgamates speech recog- nition and natural language processing (NLP) to autonomously distill salient information from recorded meetings. The primary objective of this research is to alleviate the cumbersome process of manual meeting summarization by harnessing the capabilities of advanced machine learning techniques tailored to audio data. The Meeting Summarizer leverages state-of-theart speech recognition algorithms to transcribe spoken content into textual form, laying the foundation for subsequent NLPbased analysis. Through the integration of deep learning methodologies, the system discerns key discussions, identifies critical components, and extracts context from meeting transcripts. The synergy of speech recognition and NLP empowers the system to comprehend linguistic nuances, enabling it to adapt to diverse meeting contexts.
Yoga Guide: Yoga Pose Estimation Using Machine Learning
Authors: Jagtap Aniket
Published: February 2024

Abstract: A deep learning model is proposed which uses convolutional neural networks/LR algorithm for yoga pose identification along with a human joints localization model followed by a process for identification of errors in the pose for developing the system. After obtaining all the information about the pose of the user the system gives feedback to improve or correct the posture of the user. we propose an improved algorithm to calculate scores that can be applied to all poses. Our application is evaluated on different Yoga poses under different scenes, and its robustness is guaranteed.
The Significance of preventive Activities in the Field of human traffick
Authors: Barkasi D. , Barta R.
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Slovakia is considered a country of origin for victims of human trafficking. The target destination for citizens of the Slovak Republic is mainly Western European countries. In the period from 2011 to 2014, 57% of IOM clients in Slovakia were assisted by victims of human trafficking in Great Britain. According to estimates, there are 30 to 40 million victims of human trafficking worldwide. Research aim and objectives: The aim of our research was to highlight the importance of preventive activities for young people in the field of human trafficking. The sub-goals were to determine the level of knowledge of secondary school and grammar school students in the Michalovce district from the points of view of completing preventive activities in the field of human trafficking, gender and type of school. Methods: To test the hypotheses, we used Pearson’s chisquare test of independence at a significance level of 0.05. Results: We discovered that differences in the level of knowledge exist among students who completed preventive activities and between men and women. No differences were found in the level of knowledge of human trafficking by school type. Conclusion: Our research shows the clear importance of carrying out preventive activities, which have their justification both in the area of prevention as well as in providing useful information and pitfalls that young people may face when traveling abroad for work.
A nurses eye-view on the Aspects of adult Patients’ health Literacy
Authors: Snopek P. , Popovicova M. , Babecka J.
Published: February 2024

Objective: Currently, health literacy is a hot topic worldwide. It is important for all age groups, for every individual and for society as a whole. Health literacy refers to the ability to obtain, understand and use information related to health and healthcare. The aim of the study was to identify problems related to health literacy that patients encounter in the context of their own healthcare and at the same time clarify the views of nurses on the education and health literacy of older patients. Design: Qualitative research using the technique of semi-structured interviews. Participants: Interviews were conducted with 10 senior healthcare workers (9 women, 1 man) from four healthcare facilities in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. The average age of the participants was 48 years (SD = 6.65, median 47, range 38 – 60). Methods: The method of content analysis was used to analyze the obtained data. The obtained data were processed based on the analysis using open and thematic coding and categorization. Results and conclusion: Barriers and strategies used by patients in managing their health were identified. These barriers and strategies were grouped into three themes and nine categories. Health literacy screening in a clinical care environment would not only be a beneficial tool in the care of elderly patients. Healthcare managers and senior healthcare workers should develop strategies to create environments and resources supportive of health literacy interventions.
Social Support and selected preventable lifestyle Determinants in People with vertebrogenic Difficulties
Authors: Supolova K. , Barkasi D. , Barta R.
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Up to 80% of the population has encountered back pain in some form in their life. Back pain is among the 5 most common reasons for hospitalization and is the main cause of sick leave for people over 45 years of age. This has significant consequences for the entire society. Research aim and objectives: Our research included patients of the National Rehabilitation Center Kováčová who were undergoing active rehabilitation treatment due to vertebrogenic problems. All respondents had demonstrable structural changes in the area of the lumbar spine, and around 80% of respondents had already undergone one or more lumbar spine surgeries. Our goal was to determine the relationship between the mentioned difficulties and physical activity, weight as well as the perception of social support. Methods: We used a self-constructed questionnaire focused on selected socio-demographic data and identification of eating and exercise habits. In addition, we used a standardized questionnaire titled “the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support”. Results: The analysis confirms that overweight, obesity and a lack of physical activity are related to structural changes and increased persistence of back pain. Inadequate dietary measures and insufficient physical activity directly contribute to this. Social support has a positive effect on enduring and coping with this difficult situation. Conclusion: Back pain affects almost our entire population. Therefore, it is important to address this issue, especially if prevention is possible by optimizing weight and doing adequate physical activity. We must also not forget those who are going through a difficult life period due to long-term pain and give them a helping hand and support.
CREATIVES OF THE METAPHYSICS OF ANCIENT INDIA
Authors: Iakovlev V. A.
Published: February 2024

In ancient Indian philosophical texts, the problems of metaphysics are intensively and comprehensively discussed. In the texts, creative processes and their final results - creatives - are expressed through the relationship of original ontological, epistemological, axiological principles and categories. The system and the logic of their development are being reconstructed.
THE MAGIC OF METAPHYSICS: SUPER-RECONSTRUCT OF THE SUBCONSCIOUS
Authors: Bakhtiyarov K. I.
Published: February 2024

Algebraic unknown x is known virtually ( unknown-known ), ω actual infinity is virtually finite ( infinite-finite ), the transcendental number e is determined by the limit in which the variable is virtually constant ( variable-constant ). The excitement of the subconscious prepares the neutrality of the consciousness. Based on the two-level coordinates of the Cartesian square, a metaphysical clock is constructed.
SPACE INTELLIGENCE
Authors: Sarayev V. N. , Shatirov A. S.
Published: February 2024

Some aspects of the problems of space intelligence are considered when analyzing the hypothesis that the phenomenon of neural networks is not unique to humans, but can manifest itself in various natural objects that can be described by a neural network model based on the interaction (work) of simple automata. Such elements of Nature are, for example, space, a mycelium, a hive of bees, etc.
ON THE UNION OF MATTER AND FORM: GROUP THEORETICAL APPROACH
Authors: Varlamov V. V.
Published: February 2024

What are space and time? What do elementary particles and elements of the periodic table have in common? These and other equally intriguing questions are discussed in this interview with Professor of Siberian State industrial University Vadim Varlamov.
EPISTEMOLOGICAL ROLE OF METHODOLOGICAL CONSTRUCTS IN FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS
Authors: Knyazev V. N.
Published: February 2024

The article deals with the cognitive functions of methodological constructs in fundamental physics. The author proceeds from the fact that such universal means of cognition as a scientific picture of the world, a scientific paradigm, a research program, etc. should be considered as methodological constructs. The nature of these constructs is such that in the bosom of the methodology of science they are formed only in the mature state of scientific knowledge, turn of the 19-20th centuries. The generation of diverse scientific theories and other forms of scientific knowledge (principles, axioms, laws, concepts, etc.) led to the need for generalized means of knowledge, starting with scientific pictures of the world. Methodological constructs are difficult to define strictly, but they help to realize the human desire to see unity in diversity, build some generalized view of the diversity of fractal natural objects, and use the accumulated body of knowledge as a methodology for further scientific research. The epistemological role of methodological constructs is extremely significant for revealing not only the dynamics of the historical development of physics, but also its current state. The author concludes about the fundamental value of the diversity of methodological constructs in understanding their role in the philosophy of physics and in the development of the most fundamental theoretical physics.