bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Local community’s perception, attitude, and participation towards different level management of geopark: A comparison Geosite case study, between Muroto Cape and Rammang-rammang Geosite
Authors: Sapoetra N D , Ridwan R , Sahide M A K , Masuda K
Published: November 2019

Community’s participation is a principal success key of a geopark. Community’s participation has relation with development of geopark. Analysis of community’s participation is complicated, there are many variables that can influence it that might come from internal and external of community’s perception. In addition, some of the variables that influence community’s participation sometimes imaginary, that must be analyze deeply to find their effect and relation among other variables. Through this research, it expecting to analyze all of the variables in scope of geosite. Case study were used from two geosites at different level management (UNESCO Global Geopark/UGG and National Geopark). Thus, the conclusion from this study can be used as reference information for introspection between case studies, and also information to accelerate the development of geopark without regard the aspects of sustainability. This study used a case study model with quantitative-qualitative analysis through analysis of EFA, SEM, and MANOVA. This analysis equipped with questionnaire to collect data based on role observation carried out at the beginning of the study. The results of this study indicate that there are differences in the level of community participation that are not paralel with level of management status of the geopark itself. This is caused by various variables which include internal and eksternal variable of participation itsel. Both case studies indicate weaknesses with each other that can complement each other. Therefore, final results of this study conclude that the importance of quality and quantity of social relations are evenly distributed in the management of geopark. As well as strengthening internal relations in a geopark, it is considered more important that external relations in the development of a geopark.
Forestry devolution model for the resilience of smallholder livelihood system in the forest area of the eastern part of Indonesia
Authors: Dassir M , Sadapotto A
Published: November 2019

The policy centralization forest areas in Indonesia caused structural poverty and land conflict, and the result of about 14,62 million small farmers around the forest. In the forestry decentralization era, Indonesia is targeting 29,14 million ha of forest management rights schemes to establish several forestry management schemes such as Forest Management Unit (KPH), Community Forests (HKM), Village Forests (HD), and Community-based forest plantation (HTR). However, most of them are having stagnation and did not reach the target. This paper discussed the result of devolution policy and type on KPH, HKM, HD, and HTR that had a positive impact on accelerating the development of forest management rights and increasing the livelihood of small farmers. The result illustrates several findings. Firstly, the policy of politic decentralization (de-concentration) from provincial government to the rights stakeholders (KPH, HD, HKM, and HTR) has to ensure the implementation of administrative decentralization (delegation) and functional decentralization (devolution) as well as the implementation of democratic forest management that signed by the distribution and redistribution authority from central bureaucracy to the lowest level that causing high participation of small farmers. Secondly, the policy of administration decentralization (delegation) creates the spatial of forest area management by farmers and ensure the security of tenure rights between land-based social relations in various small farmers group. Thirdly, the policy of functional decentralization (devolution) provides management rights to small farmers to develop an agroforestry pattern that enhances livelihood resilience while maintaining the quality of forest ecosystems.
What conflicts possible: A new social forestry partnership policy in a National Park in Indonesia
Authors: Fatimah A H P , Sahide M A K
Published: November 2019

Partnership conservation is in the early stage implementation in Indonesia, which has a formal mission on reducing tenurial land conflict in conservation areas. Therefore, the pendulum analysis leads us to predict their future conflicts’ form to see how existing tenure conflict is changed and transform. We deeply observe a case in a park in Indonesia that implements these experimental schemes by using three dimensions of conflict, such as substantial, procedural, and psychological. The results show that some informal tenurial arrangement could not be transformed into the formal’s scheme. From this departure, we predict conflict was transformed into the relation with the park’s management on fulfilling the formal goals that is still trapped with the previous land tenure conflict. The land distribution and management of partnership arrangement is also can be a source of possible conflict in the future.
Isolation and identification of rhizospheric fungus under Mahoni (Swietenia mahagoni) stands and its ability to produce IAA (Indole Acetid Acid) hormones
Authors: Larekeng S H , Gusmiaty  , Restu Muh , Tunggal Andi , Susilowati A
Published: November 2019

Rhizosphere is a part of the soil that is in the roots of plants in which there are many soil microorganisms. One of the microorganisms found in the rhizosphere is fungi. Rhizosphere fungus plays an important role in increasing plant growth by various mechanisms that are carried out such as increasing nutrient absorption, as a bilogical control of pathogenic attacks and can produce growth hormones for plants. This study aims to identify and get the information of the diversity of rhizosphere fungi from mahogany stands in two provenances, and get information on IAA level production. The research methods include isolation of fungi and identification of rhizosphere fungi, as well as test of IAA production capability qualitatively and quantitatively. The results showed 17 rhizosphere fungus isolates were found under the mahogany stand in Takalar District those were included in the genus Rhizopus, Fusarium, Aspergillus, Penicillium and Gliocladium, whereas 11 Mahogany stands in the Maros Regency were included in the genus Trichoderma, Gliocladium, Rhizopus and Aspergillus. The whole genus is capable of producing IAA hormone, but the genus capable of producing the highest IAA is the Trichoderma genus.
Land compliance of agroforestry compiler components evaluation in Pangli sub-district Desean district, North Toraja regency
Authors: Sandabunga R M , Umar A , Millang S , Bachtiar B , Paembonan S , Restu M , Larekeng S H
Published: November 2019

Agroforestry system has been recently developed by the community to meet their needs. However, many people do not understand yet to select suitability plants on the agroforestry land. This research aims to determine the land suitability of agroforestry components in Pangli sub-district, Sesean District, Toraja Regency. This research carried out in the way comparing the requirement of plants and characteristic at land. Plants in research location were Robusta coffee, cocoa, banana, mangos-teen, Buangin (pine-mountain), sugar palm, Betung bamboo, and Elmerilla Ovalis. The result of the research indicated that the land suitability of plants was moderately suitable (S2) to marginal suitable (S3). Limitation factors that limit plant growth are predominantly rainfall and also temperature, but both of these limiting factors are difficult, and they cannot be repaired.
Viability Test of Gamma-irradiated seeds of Jabon Merah (Neolamarckia macrophylla (Wall.) Bosser) from Luwu Provenance : Preliminary study
Authors: Qalbi N , A’ida N , Restu M , Larekeng S H , Shi S
Published: November 2019

Fast-growing Jabon Merah has been well known as the raw material of plywood and pharmaceuticals. Induction of Gamma-irradiation on Jabon Merah’ seeds is expected to increase the productivity of this species to support the availability of superior timber. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of Gamma-irradiation on seeds viability of Jabon Merah from Luwu provenance. Eight doses of Gamma used for irradiating the seeds were 0, 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 240 Gy. The irradiated seeds were then evaluated their germination rate using Top of Paper Test for each irradiation dose. Here, we applied a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). 15 Gy presented the highest seed germination rate on the first and the second replications, 96 buds out of 0.2-gram seeds and 117 buds of 0.2-gram seeds, respectively. Overall, 15 Gy increased number of bud up to about 62 – 66% when compared to control which was only able to germinate as many as 59 buds of 0.2-gram seeds on first replication, and 60 of 0.2-gram seeds on the second replication. The results showed that Gamma-irradiation did not significantly affect the viability of the seeds.
Wood museum biodeterioration of karaeng patingalloang benteng somba opu, Gowa regency
Authors: Arif A , Syahidah  , Ilyas M M
Published: November 2019

Karaeng Pattingalloang Museum plays an important role in the community as a center of history, education, religion, and culture, particularly in South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. For the continuity of this role, maintenance efforts are needed on the wood of the Museum building. Thus, it can be used for a long time. This research aimed to determine the level of damage caused by wood-damaging organisms in the Museum building, evaluate and document the characteristics or signs of damage that occur in buildings, and identify organisms that attack the building. Destructive organisms observed attacking the Museum’s wood were identified based on the signs of the attack found. The results showed that soil termites, dry wood termites, and coloring molds were organisms that attack the wood of the Karaeng Pattingalloang Museum building. Damage to the components of this building was classified as a severe attack even though the intensity was less than 0.5% with the occurrence of attacks found on poles, window frames, and walls.
Impact of lighting on damage of living and waste at community forest in Rajang village, Lembang district, Pinrang regency
Authors: Mujetahid A , Dassir M , Dalya N , Gautama I , Atmawan A
Published: November 2019

This study aims to determine the form of damage from residual stand of trees and waste that occurs in logging activities in Community Forest in Rajang Village, Lembang district, Pinrang. The results of this study are expected to be useful as an information for the public and other stakeholders and could be considered in the decision-making in the forestry sector in carrying out the logging. This research was conducted in May and June 2015 at the Community Forest Rajang Village, Lembang, District Pinrang. Primary data were collected by interviewing the harvester and observation also measurement of residual vegetation waste that occurs, while secondary data obtained from research reports, institutions or agencies. The research showed that every 1 tree felling causes damage to remaining 2 trees with the extent of damage varies from heavy, medium and light but dominated with heavy damaged with logging waste that occurred is large enough up to 23%.
Potential of mangrove stands carbon deposits in the north part Pannikang islands, Barru Regency, South Sulawesi province
Authors: Kezia E , Nurkin B , Bachtiar B , Millang S , Restu Muh. , Larekeng S H
Published: November 2019

Global warming is one of the world’s issues today. Global warming is a result of the greenhouse effect because it absorbs infrared light reflected by the earth from the sun. CO2 gas contributes the most to the greenhouse effect. The solution to the problem of global warming is the presence of forests. One type of forest ecosystem is the mangrove forest ecosystem. This study aims to determine the carbon storage of mangrove stands found on Pannikiang Island in the northern part of Barru Regency, South Sulawesi Province. Biomass measurement uses the allometric method performed on mangrove stems by measuring stem diameter in a circle-shaped sample plot of 12.62 m. The results showed that there were ten species found in the study locations: Avicennia alba, Avicennia marina, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Bruguiera sexangula, Ceriops decandra, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Rhizophora stilosa, Scyphiphora hydrophyllaceae, and Soneratia alba. The total value of the total stem carbon deposits in the mangrove stands on Pannikiang Island in the northern part of Barru Regency reached a total carbon stem portion of 640,512 tons with a maximum range of 859,174 tons and a minimum of 421,871 tons.
Land policy: Discretion and government administration liability
Authors: Abdullah K , Bachri S , Razak A , Ilyas A
Published: November 2019

Permitting has been regarded as the absolute authority of the government with its discretionary authority. Discretionary authority is freedom of government organs to act on their own initiative, as well as the freedom of government organs to judge independently and exclusively. The paper is a normative legal research, by using the statute approach and conceptual approach. The results of the research indicated that the urgency of licensing in the state wealth management is an instrument to ensure legal certainty, certainty over rights and control instruments. Hence, land rights management by the state exist because of permit to ensure suitable development in land policy in Indonesia. The first form of state control is state management (beheersdaad), secondly, as a policy-making (beleid) and management (bestuursdaad). State control in the third place is a regulatory (regelendaad) and supervisory function (toezichthounden-daad). In a democratic state, the licensing process should pay attention to the citizens’ rights in a democratic way, with the change in the basic principles from Freies Ermessen to Citizen Friendly. Likewise, in terms of licensing procedures, legal protection for permit applicants and the community must be prioritized, through community participation (inspraak).
Environmental protection of mangrove forest: Affirmation consensus approach
Authors: Maskun  , Ilmar A , Naswar  , Achmad
Published: November 2019

The research focuses on the concretization of unwritten legal transformation into written law on mangroves. Qualitative methods were used to collect and analyze relevant data. The research was restricted in in Luwu, Maros, Barru, and Bone regencies. This article also shows the success of the transformation process in Luwu regency in conserving mangrove forests based on the agreement of the society to jointly protect them from destruction and their positive effects will be felt again by the citizens.
Environmental law enforcement in forestry crime: A disjunction between ideality and reality
Authors: Muchtar S , Yunus A
Published: November 2019

Forestry law enforcement is far from what is intended and expected. Despite compelling data and evidence showing that illegal logging is a worldwide epidemic, most forest crimes go undetected, unreported, or are ignored. Illegal logging cases in Papua province is important and interesting to be studied from a criminological perspective. The research is a socio-legal research. It was conducted to obtain empirical-qualitative observations of the research issue. It was located in Papua Province, Indonesia. The results show that the legislation in term of illegal logging is considered adequate, law enforcement officers in the field are very inadequate. Whereas, the forest areas that must be handled is wide. In order for the quality of forest law enforcement to be improved, the actors involved—whether on the forestry side or in criminal justice—need to develop a better understanding of the wide range of laws. Also, the things related to facilities and infrastructure as well as the culture of the people who tend to cut down or destroy the forest (shifting cultivation/illegal logging). Changing culture quickly is not an easy task, it requires a long time, and it is known that culture is strongly attached to the community. For this reason, the local government is expected to be able to approach the communities to reside around the forest to provide an understanding of the importance of forest protection and preservation, as well as preparing agricultural and plantation land for their survival and livelihood.
The right to a good and healthy environment: Revitalizing green constitution
Authors: Aspan Z , Yunus A
Published: November 2019

Indonesia is the most populous and had the highest absolute environmental impact along with Brazil, China, and India. The paper is a normative legal research, reviewing the right to a good and healthy environment as constitutional rights. The results show that the constitutionalizing of the principle of human rights to a good and healthy environment as fundamental rights on the philosophical, political, and legal dimensions is a necessity for a modern State. It will not be comprehensive to realize a universal environmental when it is not implemented by these three dimensions. In this context, the findings of research are reconstructed by a modern constitution based and oriented towards a universal environmental order.
Sustainable development and sea protection: Trade on fish and fishery product
Authors: Latif B , Noor S M , Sumardi J , Irwansyah
Published: November 2019

Wealth over natural resources in the ocean is a superior potential for countries. In implementing its regulations, the state has a large portion in order to achieve a fair, independent and sustainable marine resource. Cases that occur on damage on the sea environment and its habitat are cases caused by high economic value. Sustainable marine regulation will become a mandatory benchmark for countries in the inclusion of legal and policy arrangements.
Glucose syrup clarification with a different form of activated charcoal
Authors: Djalal M , Bastian F , Hidayat S H , Laga A
Published: November 2019

Glucose produced by enzymatic hydrolysis still has a low purity level that is not meet the quality of glucose syrup as standardized by the Indonesian national standard (SNI). This study aimed to know the effect of the activated charcoal form on the purification of glucose syrup. The method used in this study is refining, in which 1% of activated charcoal was used (powder or granulated activated charcoal). Parameters observed were reducing sugar, sweetness level, and clarity level. The results obtained in this study indicate that glucose syrup refined with powder activated charcoal has a higher value in all parameters observed. The hypothesis that powder form of activated charcoal has a better absorbing capacity is accepted.
Comparative study of eigen value to buckling analysis on a beam using Nonlinear Finite Element
Authors: Abbas A M , Rachman T , Alie M Z M , Sajriawati
Published: November 2019

Jack-up is one of the offshore structures which may be categorized as a column structure where the axial compression and lateral pressure take place. As a column structure, piles and braces may buckle caused by loads. Therefore, the design of a column should be conducted to know the characteristic of buckling for piles and braces. The aim of this study is to analyze eigen value to buckling on a beam of the jack-up offshore structure. The nonlinear finite element is adopted to analyze the eigen value and the simple beam is selected for simple calculation. One of the end beams is assumed to be fixed and the other is free. The result obtained by nonlinear finite element is compared to the analytical solution. It is found that the eigen value obtained by nonlinear finite element is almost identic with the analytical solution.
Effect of mesh on a shell and solid element to the ultimate strength of beam and plate
Authors: Rapa G V , Juswan  , Alie M Z M , Elviana S
Published: November 2019

One of the most important aspects of the Finite Element Method is meshing. Meshing plays an important role to obtain a more accurate result of the analysis. On the other hand, meshing also gives a significant effect on the personal computer. Therefore, the implementation of meshing for the user to analyze any structure need to be taken into account. The objective of the present study is to analyze the effect of mesh on the shell and solid element to the ultimate strength of beam and plate. To analyze the beam and plate, the numerical analysis is used. The beam and plate model are taken as a simple structure. The beam and plate are modeled using shell and solid element. The dimension of beam and plate, loading and support condition for shell and solid element are constant. The material properties of the beam and plate are also constant. The result obtains by numerical analysis of mesh using shell and solid element for beam and plate and those effect to the ultimate strength is compared with one another.
The ultimate strength analysis of jacket leg under deck load
Authors: Marola S F D , Husain F , Alie M Z M , Cipto
Published: November 2019

Jacket platform is one of the offshore structure where the pile is fixed at the bottom sea level. Jacket leg has a significant influence on local and global structural strength under axial and lateral loads. Jacket leg is one of the most important elements for the fixed offshore structure. On the other hand, the jacket leg is also very critical to resists not only axial compression but also lateral pressure. The objective of the present study is to analyze the ultimate strength of a jacket leg under deck load. The numerical calculation is used to analyze jacket leg due to deck load. It is assumed that the support condition is fixed at bottom sea level. The result obtained by numerical analysis is therefore presented in this study. It found that the jacket leg obtained by numerical analysis can withstand the axial compression load.
Ultimate strength analysis of stiffened plate variation on double bottom of Floating Production Storage Offloading (FPSO)
Authors: Safitri  , Rachman Taufiqur , Muhammad Zubair Muis Alie  , Sariman F
Published: November 2019

Double bottom is part of the ship that must be evaluated from the loads for instance wave load acts on side hull and pressure from the outer bottom. The loads must be evaluated and investigated the effect on the double bottom structure. The objective of the present study is to analyze the ultimate strength of stiffened plate variation on the double bottom of the floating production storage offloading. The small section of stiffened plate with attached plating at the double bottom is considered to the analyzed. The numerical analysis is adopted to analyze the model. The stiffened plate is variated with the distance in terms of model breadth. The boundary condition is applied to the model including axial compression load. The behavior of the model is represented by stress and deformation. For the simple analysis, the welding residual stress, crack, and initial imperfection are not taken. The result obtains by the numerical analysis is presented together with the behavior in term of stress and deformation.
Pile deflection analysis due to asymmetrically distribution loads
Authors: Hidayat D , Ashury  , Alie M Z M , Letsoin V
Published: November 2019

Jacket platform is one of the offshore structure where the pile is fixed at the bottom sea level. Pile and brace configuration has a significant influence on local and global structural strength under axial and lateral loads. Pile is one of the most important elements for the fixed offshore structure. On the other hand, the pile is also very critical to resists not only axial compression but also lateral pressure. The objective of the present study is to analyzed pile deflection due to asymmetrically distribution loads. The numerical calculation is used to analyze pile deflection due to asymmetrically distribution loads. In this case, large deflection analysis is separated into two asymmetrically loading conditions those are trapezoidal and triangular with different end support. The result obtained by numerical analysis is therefore compared with the analytical solution using direct integration. It found that the pile deflection obtained by numerical analysis is almost identic with direct integration. It is also observed that the end support condition gives significant influence to support reaction and deflection.
Corporate social responsibility between mining exploration and the environmental effect
Authors: Sukri  , Ekawaty D
Published: November 2019

This study aims to analyse the environmental aspect related to the mining activities by a cement corporation. Mining process as part of development process based on the anthropocentric perspectives on the environmental position to human is seen as a rational activity to fill human needs. However, in the same time, it produces some damage to the environmental aspect where people around the process affected. The environmental problems need to be considered due to its position and effect before Men as the ecocentric view it. In this controversial Debate, CSR presence as the willingness to solve the debate while providing some benefit for the people around the mining activities. However, at the end, the CSR seems only present as the partial problem solving that actually not yet solve the fundamental problem of the mining process into the environmental aspect.
Environmental dilemma under implementation of Indonesian regional autonomy
Authors: Sukri  , Ariana  , Armunanto A , Nadir S , Ekawaty D
Published: November 2019

This paper aims to examine development as part of decentralization agenda, which challenges with environmental issues. Decentralization seeks to improve society as a top priority and at the same time, it tends to produce a degraded environment as a negative impact of exploration of natural resources to pursue community improvement. The rise of environmental problems that arise at this time demands attention from the public and the government, but as long local governments still prioritize economic interests, the implementation of decentralization will always be in a dilemma of environmental conditions. This paper employs qualitative research with cases study in two areas, namely Maros and Pangkajene Regencies in South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
The state, fashion companies, and International Non-Governmental Organization (INGO) relations: Encountering the problem of hazardous waste
Authors: Varelly A A , Cangara A R , Ismail S , Baharuddin A
Published: November 2019

This research aims to expose the relationship between the state, fashion companies, and international non-governmental organization (INGO) in dealing with hazardous waste problem. To achieve this objective, this research exemplifies Greenpeace as leading INGO, and its relationships with Chinese government, fashion companies/brands, and global community in encountering the problem of hazardous waste polluting water environment in China, caused by massive textile industrial activities. The results expose that to deal with the problem, Chinese government has not performed enough to solve hazardous waste problem, hampered by its goal prioritizing economic development rather than water-environmental security. Meanwhile, as INGO, Greenpeace has instigated Detox campaign on fashion in 2011 as its strategy to change Chinese government, fashion companies, and global community perceptions, policies, and behaviours to be the proponent of hazardous waste reduction and elimination. In the process of implementing these strategies, Greenpeace found major obstacle to do so toward Chinese government due to its authoritarian nature of political system. Despite such impediment, it continues its advocacy upon the problem by shifting its focus to press and influence fashion companies and global community for hazardous waste reduction and elimination in China. Responding to such Greenpeace campaign, many fashion companies/brands and global community greatly welcome, participate, and take action to achieve the goals set in the campaign. Their positive response has direct impacts to drive change upon corporate policies and behaviour of textile suppliers in China in order to consecutively use and dispose more environmentally friendly materials and waste. It is expected that the continuation of fashion companies and global community’s positive response will improve water condition in China.
Indigenous people’s environmental conservation system: case study of Kajang society, Indonesia
Authors: Hijjang P , Basir M , Ismail A
Published: November 2019

This paper analyses the village of forest in Tana Toa, the locality of South Sulawesi that is headed by the Ammatowa. The Ammatoa is a term which describes a society who live in the area of Tana Toa, is divided into Ilalang embaya, who have maintained their exclusiveness and sharp borders, and the Ipantarang embaya, who have mixed with other members of the surrounding society. Among the Ilalang embaya there is a set of adat regulations based on pasang that demands obedience to is detailed. Prescriptions in such contexts as shape, size, and orientation of housing that must be built. The force of adat allows possibilities of empowering local institutions for managing forest resources in the context of the future scenario of regional autonomy. This paper considers the question of the extent to which the institution of Ammatoa leadership and is associates adat constitute an institution that has fully been used for the village forest in this locality of South Sulawesi. It mainly considers the question of how these institutions can be updated and contextualized througe a process of reflective mutual understanding to cope with the context of regional autonomy. The paper concludes by investigating the reality of changes in the Ammatoa system as it responds not only to the expansion of the forest resource management requirements but also the imperatives to transform into an open community.
Environmental and social policy analysis on traditional salt production in Jeneponto Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Yani A A , Herawati N , Hajar M A I , Sangkala  , Thara T , Hans A , Hidayat A R
Published: November 2019

This study aims to analyze the environmental and social conditions and policies on salt production in Jeneponto. Salt farmers in Jeneponto Regency contribute to national salt production even though they still employ with traditional methods and technology. One of the main challenges in traditional salt production is the dependence of salt farmers on weather and environmental conditions. However, local and regional government policies do not support traditional salt production. This condition makes the social and economic conditions of the majority of salt farmers still in the poverty line.
Lamba tree: environment wisdom and its resistance to development
Authors: Ismail A , Yusuf A M , Safriadi
Published: November 2019

This article aims to explain the meaning of lamba trees in the culture of the Toraja-Mamasa community and its position as a cultural heritage. The ecological value of Lamba also contributes to the sustainability of the Mamasa watershed (Daerah Aliran Sungai, abbreviated as DAS), which has been a source of livelihood for the local community. The dilemma arises when infrastructure development is carried out also for public needs. The need for electricity supply as well as the ineffectiveness of the old Bakaru PLTA has prompted the government to build a new hydropower plant in the Mamasa watershed. The conclusion to be reached in this paper is to encourage government efforts in development by paying attention to aspects of local wisdom, especially for people in the Mamasa watershed who have an emotional and religious attachment to Lamba as one of the things in their environment.
S-O-R Theory and the issues of environment: the role of online social media in affecting public opinion
Authors: Unde A A , Seniwati
Published: November 2019

This research focuses on the role of online social media in leading public opinion to care more about climate change. This paper aims to analyze the extent to which online social media is involved in reporting developments in climate change or other environmental issues. This research is useful for regional head candidates or legislative in carrying out political campaigns. This research is also useful for stakeholders in making policies related to issues environments after getting a lot of data and documents from online social media. The theory used in this study is stimulus-response organism (S-O-R) theory. This theory explains that the communication process can take place from the source or communicator through the media to the audience.
Morphological characteristics, race distribution, and virulence gene analysis of Pyricularia oryzae isolates (teleomorph: Magnaporthe oryzae)
Authors: Kurrata G , Kuswinanti T , Izha M N Y , Gassa A , Melina
Published: November 2019

Rice blast disease caused by fungus Pyricularia oryzae (Teleomorph: Magnaporthe oryzae) has caused significant losses of rice yields in many world’s rice-producing countries. The planting of resistant varieties was initially effective in suppressing blast disease, however, in many cases, as the time goes by, the resistance becomes ineffective due to the emergence of a new race. Study on the distribution of race and genetic diversity of P. oryzae isolates can be useful in the development of resistant varieties. The aim of this research was to determine the distribution of P. oryzae races and genetic variations of the isolates collected from Pinrang District. Race testing was based on the reaction of a set of an Indonesian differential variety. The severity of blast disease was observed seven days after inoculation using the Standard Evaluation System for Rice (IRRI). The pathogen’s genetic diversity was determined using specific primers, coding the fungus virulence genes Pwl2, Erg2 and Cut1. The banding patterns of DNA amplification product contained in each primer were scored with a value of 1 (there is a DNA band) and 0 (no DNA bands). A total of 22 isolates of P. oryzae obtained from five sub-districts in Pinrang belonged to 10 different races. Race 001 is the dominant race identified in 4 isolate source sites. Molecular analysis of the 10 isolates of P. oryzae with different races was found haplotype F-110 (8 isolates) and G-100 (2 isolates).
Competitiveness analysis of cocoa commodities in South Sulawesi
Authors: Bulkis S , Fahmid I M , Hidayah H , Arsyad M , Amiruddin A , Khaerati R , Situmorang F C , Amrullah A
Published: November 2019

Cocoa is one of the plantation’s leading commodities which has a considerable contribution to the Indonesian economy, including sources of farmers’ income, producers of industrial raw materials, and creators of employment. The free and competitive facing of free trade, requires that plantation products have competitiveness in order to be able to survive and attract the public compared to similar imported commodity products. This study aims to analyze the competitiveness of cocoa commodities in South Sulawesi and analyze the impact of government policies on the competitiveness of cocoa commodities in South Sulawesi. The analysis method uses the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). Through this matrix, the criteria for Private Cost Ratio (PCR) and the Domestic Resource Cost Ratio (DRCR) that can be competitive and comparative advantages can be calculated. The results of this study indicate that cocoa commodities have competitiveness seen from comparative and competitive advantages as indicated by the value of DRCR<1 and DRCR<1. The value of cocoa commodities of DRCR and RBP is 0.20 and 0.22. The smaller the value of DRCR and RBP is obtained, the higher the level of comparative and competitive advantages possessed. Government policies on input-output that have been in effect so far have not been effectively protected by cocoa farmers, which means the government has not had a positive impact on cocoa commodities in South Sulawesi. This can be seen from the private price which is lower than the social price.
Development strategy of passion fruit agro-industry: evidence from South Sulawesi, Indonesia
Authors: Nadja R A , Langkong J , Amrullah A , Arsyad M , Jamil M H , Viantika N M , Tenriawaru A N , Rahmadanih  , Akhsan  , Sulili A , Nurlaela  , Ginting N M
Published: November 2019

The purpose of this study was to know the passion fruit agroindustry environment in Gowa District and to formulate an agribusiness development strategy of passion fruits. The research employed survey method and use qualitatively and quantitatively approaches, also by formulating data by using analysis of internal and external factors, matrix analysis of IE (internal-external), and finally conducting it in Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) analysis to formulate development strategy of passion fruit agroindustry. There are five combinations of procedures that need to be implemented to achieve development strategy such as developing a variety of passion fruit products, make a unique and attractive design of products, institutional strengthening in agroindustry passion fruit, the use of information technology for marketing products and improving coordination between stakeholders (government, farmers, traders, processors) need to be implemented. For practitioners and consultants the findings of this study should enhance their ability in empowering the small scale business of agroindustry in developing their business by encouraging them to produce derived products; Performs innovation on display packaging; Institutional strengthening and using information technology for products marketing; also improves coordination between stakeholders (government, farmers, traders, processors). This research fills a gap in the literature as there has been minimal prior research with the specific focus on development strategy in passion fruit processing SMEs business; thus, it develops a foundation for further study in this area.
The pattern of food consumption and nutritional status of primary school students based on socio economic aspects
Authors: Diansari P , Ansari A I T , Amiruddin A , Arsyad M , Viantika N M , Khaerati R , Dawapa M
Published: November 2019

Food is a basic need that is the right of every human being. Food quality determinants are the diversity of food, nutritional balance and food security. During childhood growth requires adequate nutrient intake to grow optimally and not susceptible to disease. The aim of the research is to know the pattern of food intake, food diversification and nutritional status of elementary school children in Tanete Riattang Barat sub-district, Bone regency, South Sulawesi and also to analyze the correlation between socioeconomic characteristic with food culture and nutrient sufficiency level that impact on elementary school children in Tanete Riattang Barat sub-district, Bone regency, South Sulawesi. This research uses a quantitative method. The locations are in three elementary schools in Tanete Riattang Barat Subdistrict, Bone Regency, South Sulawesi. The results of this study were the most significant consumption level of elementary school children is in the oily fruit seed group. At the time of diversification food reached an adequate category and most children had normal nutritional status. There is a significant correlation between socioeconomic and children’s food consumption patterns in the types of grain, animals, oil and fat, sugar, vegetables and fruits, and other types of food and there is no significant correlation with the types of tubers, nuts oily nuts and seeds. Then between socio-economic and nutritional adequacy of children showed a significant relationship.
Factors influencing the production of euchema cottonii seaweed processing industry in South Sulawesi
Authors: Suriani  , Made S , Arief A A
Published: November 2019

This study aims to find out factors the influence the production of Eucheuma cottonii seaweed processing industry in South Sulawesi. The results of the study show that the results of seaweed processing from the three companies in South Sulawesi is in decreasing return to scale, which means that the increase of output has a smaller proportion compared to the addition of inputs, the three companies are in a favorable position.
The diversity of mangrove forests in Kumbewaha, Buton Island, Indonesia
Authors: Iksan M , Aba L , Taharu F I , Alfian A , Ardyati D P I , Jumiati  , Alzarliani W O D , Hardin  , Larekeng S H
Published: November 2019

This study aims to determine the diversity of mangroves in Kumbewaha, Buton, Indonesia. the method used in this study is line transect, data retrieval with roaming. The number of mangrove species found was 20 species and 17 mangrove tribes including, Acrostichum aureum (L.), Aegiceras corniculatum (L.) Blanco, Allophylus cobbe (L.) Raeusch, Avicennia marina (Forssk.) Vierh, Bruguiera gymnorhiza (L.) Lam, Ceriops tagal (Perr.) C.B.Rob, Colubrina asiatica (L.) Brongn, Cordia sebestena (L.), Crinum asiaticum (L.), Cyclosorus heterocarpus (Blume) Ching, Desmodium umbellatum (L.) DC, Dendrolobium umbellatum (L.) Benth, Inocarpus fagifer (Parkinson) Fosberg, Nephrolepis falcata (Cav.) C. Christens, Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre, Rhizophora mucronata Lam, Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb, Sonneratia ovata Backer, Thespesia populnea (L.) Sol. ex Correa, And Xylocarpus moluccensis M.Roem. Rhizophora mucronata Lam, is the type that has the highest diversity value (H’) of 0.863 while the lowest diversity value (H’) is the Sonneratia ovata Backer mangrove, with a value of 0.087.
Role of environmental laboratories at school as learning facilities
Authors: Irsan  , Aswat H , Nurmaya A L , Nurdahniar  , Fitriani  , Samritin  , Suryanti  , Syafruddin
Published: November 2019

This research was carried out at the Southeast Sulawesi Province in elementary schools in the city of Baubau, in this case, the primary school that manages and utilizes the environment around the school as a learning facility. The total number of elementary schools as a whole is 118 Schools from 8 Subdistricts, out of 118 Primary Schools that manage and utilize the surrounding environment as a facility as many as 4 schools. The results obtained from the research will show that the use of natural laboratories in the school environment as learning facilities can increase student motivation, besides motivating students to create a fun learning environment for students, the use of natural laboratories in the learning process can also shape students’ character through management and utilization of the school environment.
Accountability of communities to the environment
Authors: Sadat A , Hanifa L , Saputra M R A , Lanuhu N , Hastuti  , Azaluddin  , Bahari S , Saharuddin
Published: November 2019

The lack of public awareness of the surrounding environment is a problem that is still ongoing today, due to lack of knowledge and supporting infrastructure in maintaining the environment, so that concern for the environment itself is very minimal. One of the causes of the lack of public awareness about the environment that is still being carried out is to dispose of garbage in an inappropriate place so that this kind of thing is disadvantaged by many parties. Problems like this are not an individual responsibility, but collective responsibility that involves many parties without exception of this nation. Every human action is based on ethics and morals, without exception in treating the environment. Because this problem will continue if public awareness of environmental care is still minimal. Here can be found some understanding of the environment as an effort to improve the nature of caring for the environment.
Teaching English for young learners at primary school based on the environmental approach
Authors: Dahniar N , Akbar A , Aswat H , Irsan  , Nurmaya A L , Lamane S A , Duli Akin
Published: November 2019

This study aims to create an English language learning model for children who are concerned about the environment in elementary schools. This research is a qualitative descriptive study that aims to create a conceptual model of learning English based on environmental love. This research was conducted at SD 1 Bone-Bone, Baubau City, Southeast Sulawesi, in May. The data in this study are primary data, among others, the results of observations as long as researchers make observations, the results of interviews with English teachers. Secondary data include documentation about student name data, documentation on English language teaching materials based on Environmental Education, banners, photos, and other available data as research supporting data. The data analysis technique in this study uses Miles and Huberman’s interactive data analysis method which includes three stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion/verification. The researcher analyzed the data obtained from the observations and the results of interviews with the principal, English teacher and student.
Attitude analysis in the theory of planned behavior: green marketing against the intention to buy environmentally friendly products
Authors: Pardana D , Abdullah R , Mahmuda D , Malik E , Pratiwi E T , Dja’wa A , Abdullah L O D , Hardin  , Hamid R S
Published: November 2019

The main concern of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is on one’s intention to do something because the intention is an intermediate variable that causes behavior from an attitude or other variables. Some things that need to be considered regarding consumer intentions in carrying out the purchase intention of green products in Baubau City, namely the intention as an intermediary for motivational factors that have an impact on the behavior of the benefits of green products. The intention is to show how much effort a person has planned to do because the presence of green food products is one of the good alternatives to prevent global warming that is happening at this time. The intention is closest to the next behavior. TPB included influences that might arise from perceived behavioral control to achieve behavioral goals.