bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Project Based Learning pada Mata Pelajaran Seni Budaya dan Prakarya (SBDP) (Materi Karya Seni Rupa Kelas III di SDIT Ma’arif Sepaku Penajam Paser Utara pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19)
Authors: Hadi Saipul , Nurbayani Etty , Iranti Riska
Published: May 2023

Penerapan model pembelajaran project based learning  pada masa pandemi covid-19 merupakan salah satu tindakan yang diambil oleh para guru dalam pelaksanaan pembelajaran SBdP dimasa pandemi, penerapan model pembelajaran ini diawalai dengan pembuatan RPP, penyampaian materi ajar melaui video, pemberian tugas proyek, kemudian menentukan batas waktu pengerjaan dan jenis proyek, setelah itu peserta didik melakukan presentasi dari hasil tugas proyek, kemudian guru melakukan evaluasi pembelajaran secara online, dalam penerapan model pembelajaran project based learning ditemukan beberapa faktor pendukung dan faktor penghambat baik itu dari guru ataupun peserta didik itu sendiri. Berdasarkan penelitian telah diketahui penerapan model pembelajarn project based learning pada mata pelajaran SBdP materi karya seni rupa kelas III di SDIT Ma’arif Sepaku Penajam Paser Utara pada masa pandemi covid-19 dilakukan melalui whatsapp group dan youtube, penyampaian materi pembelajaran melalui video pembelajaran kemudian memberikan tugas berbasis proyek dan dikumpulkan melalui foto setelah itu dikumpulkan melalui whatsapp group. Permasalahn yang terjadi yang dialami guru adalah kurangnya pengetahuan terhadapan pengelolaan teknologi, waktu dalam persiapan pembelajaran online. Kemudian permasalahan yang dialami peserta didik adalah biaya dalam penyelesaian tugas proyek, kurangnya sarana (handepone) yang dimiliki peserta didik. Dalam penerapan model pembelajaran project based learning pada mata pelajaaran SBdP kelas III di SDIT Ma’arif Sepaku Penajam Paser Utara guru mengawali dengan pembuatan RPP dan video pembelajaran kemudian menyampaikan materi pembelajaran melalui video tersebut setelah itu memberika tugas proyek dengan tema yang tela ditentukan sebelumnya kemudian melakukan presentasi hasil dan evaluasi secara umum yang dilakukan oleh guru, dalam hal ini ditemukan juga beberapa faktor penghambat yakni biaya dalam penyelesaian tugas proyek, sarana hamdpone bagi peserta didik, faktor pendukung kesiapan guru, antusias peserta didik, sarana prasarana, media pembelajaran.
Problematika Belajar Siswa Secara Daring di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Negeri 1 Kutai Kartanegara
Authors: Nasiah Siti , Malik Lina Revilla , Febrianti Aulia
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kondisi pandemi Covid-19 sehingga pembelajaran dilaksanakan secara daring, yang mengharuskan siswa beradaptasi dengan aktifitas yang berbeda dengan pembelajaran tatap muka. Namun, proses beradaptasi tidak mudah bagi siswa sehingga dalam proses pembelajaran timbul masalah seperti yang terjadi di kelas rendah yakni pembelajarannya cukup sulit dilaksanakan karena minimnya respon dalam pembelajaran pada sebuah grup WhatsApp. Permasalahan yang timbul dapat menyebabkan kurang efektifnya proses pembelajaran daring. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui lebih dalam (1) Problematika belajar siswa secara daring di MIN 1 Kukar. (2) Upaya yang dilakukan siswa MIN 1 Kukar dalam mengatasi problematika belajar daring. Jenis penelitian yang peneliti gunakan ialah studi kasus dengan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data meliputi reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Lokasi penelitian di MIN 1 Kukar, sumber data penelitian yaitu sumber data primer dan sekunder. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini  adalah (1) Pada proses pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring, siswa di MIN 1 Kukar mengalami beberapa masalah diantaranya: pertama siswa merasa bosan melaksanakan pembelajaran daring. Kedua, siswa kurang aktif belajar di rumah. Ketiga, siswa kesulitan memahami materi pelajaran. Keempat, gangguan jaringan dan bantuan kuota internet yang belum mencukupi. (2) Upaya yang dilakukan siswa dalam mengatasi problematika belajar secara daring yaitu: pertama, belajar sambil bermain dan bermain setelah belajar, menciptakan suasana belajar yang nyaman dan menyenangkan seperti belajar di pekarangan rumah, di taman dengan tetap menjaga protokol kesehatan. Kedua, siswa didampingi oleh orang tua agar aktif belajar di rumah, orang tua dapat memberikan motivasi belajar seperti memberikan hadiah setelah anak belajar. Ketiga, siswa meminta bantuan orang tua dan saudara untuk memahami pelajaran, guru dapat memanfaatkan media pembelajaran, atau memberikan materi pelajaran berupa video yang menarik sehingga dapat menarik perhatian dan konsentrasi siswa namun tetap menyampaikan materi pelajaran. Keempat, guru memberikan toleransi pengumpulan tugas saat gangguan jaringan dan Kepala Madrasah memberikan tambahan kuota internet untuk pembelajaran daring.
Kecanggihan Smartphone sebagai Media Pembelajaran Di Era Modern
Authors: Azizah Nur Afni , Hutami Ahmad , Norlita Norlita
Published: May 2023

Abstract

The sophistication of features on smartphones is increasing and can be used for learning purposes. However, it still needs to be explored the extent of its potential use. Therefore, this study aims to identify and analyze the ways how. The sophistication of smartphones can be used as learning media in the modern era. The research method used is a qualitative research method with a descriptive literature review technique. The results of the analysis show that smartphones have great potential in supporting learning in the modern era. The sophistication of smartphones in terms of features, internet connection, and multimedia capabilities, allows users to access various information and learning resources available in cyberspace. In addition, learning applications available on smartphones also allow users to study independently and flexibly, anytime and anywhere. However, the use of smartphones as learning media also has challenges and risks that need to be considered, such as the risk of dependence and impaired concentration. In this study, the authors recommend that the use of smartphones as learning media in the modern era needs to be balanced with supervision and assistance from educators or parents. In addition, it is also necessary to develop more innovative and interactive learning applications that can maximize the sophistication potential of smartphones as learning media.

Keywords: Smartphone, Media Pembelajaran, Era Modern.

 

Abstrak

Kecanggihan fitur pada smartphone semakin banyak dan dapat dimanfaatkan untuk keperluan pembelajaran. Namun, masih perlu dieksplorasi sejauh mana potensi penggunaannya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisis cara-cara bagaimana. kecanggihan smartphone dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai media pembelajaran di era modern. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik literatur review deskriptif. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa smartphone memiliki potensi yang besar dalam mendukung pembelajaran di era modern. Kecanggihan smartphone dalam hal fitur, koneksi internet, dan kemampuan multimedia, memungkinkan pengguna untuk mengakses berbagai informasi dan sumber pembelajaran yang tersedia di dunia maya. Selain itu, aplikasi pembelajaran yang tersedia di smartphone juga memungkinkan pengguna untuk belajar secara mandiri dan fleksibel, kapan saja dan di mana saja. Namun, penggunaan smartphone sebagai media pembelajaran juga memiliki tantangan dan risiko yang perlu diperhatikan, seperti risiko ketergantungan dan gangguan konsentrasi. Dalam penelitian ini, penulis merekomendasikan agar penggunaan smartphone sebagai media pembelajaran di era modern perlu diimbangi dengan pengawasan dan pendampingan dari pendidik atau orang tua. Selain itu, perlu juga dikembangkan aplikasi pembelajaran yang lebih inovatif dan interaktif yang dapat memaksimalkan potensi kecanggihan smartphone sebagai media pembelajaran.

Kata kunci: Smartphone, Media Pembelajaran, Era Modern
Persepsi Mahasiswa terhadap Pelayanan Administrasi Tata Usaha di Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Ilmu Keguruan Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Aji Muhammad Idris Samarinda
Authors: Setyawan Muhammad Nurhadi , Istiqomah Ridha
Published: May 2023

Abstrak

 

Penelitian ini dilakukan di Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Aji Muhammad Idris Samarinda tepatnya di Fakultas Tarbiyah dan Ilmu Keguruan. Penelitian ini di dasari boleh beberapa keresahan dari mahasiswa mengenai pelayanan administrasi tata usaha yang ada di FTIK UINSI Samarinda. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan mewawancarai 40 mahasiswa dari berbagai program di FTIK UINSI Samarinda dan semester yang berbeda Selain itu, penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui persepsi mahasiswa terhadap pelayanan administrasi tata usaha serta membantu memberikan solusi untuk kekurangan yang masih ada. Fokus penelitian ini adalah pelayanan dalam administrasi tata usaha yang memberikan persepsi tersendiri terhadap mahasiswa FTIK UINSI Samarinda dalam penerimaannya Sehingga diperolehlah hasil mengenai hal ini yaitu dalam pelayanan administrasi tata usaha di FTIK UINSI Samarinda dalam kacamata mahasiswa bisa dikatakan sudah baik namun masih banyak hal-hal yang perlu ditingkatkan dan diperhatikan lagi. Baik itu dari segi profesionalitas pegawainya dalam melayani, kondisi ruangan tata usaha, jumlah loket, pengadaan sarana dan prasarana serta penyampaian informasi mengenai administrasi kepada mahasiswa.

 

Kata Kunci:  administrasi, tata usaha, pelayanan dan mahasiswa
Imajinasi Tontonan Televisi Terhadap Tuntunan Diri Anak
Authors: Silva Lintang Dian , Pranajaya Syatria Adymas , Hadi Saipul
Published: May 2023

Televisi menjadi media yang tak pernah lepas dari kehidupan dan seolah menjadi sesuatu yang harus selalu ada dalam keseharian manusia modern mulai dari anak-anak, remaja, dewasa hingga lansia. Acara televisi mampu menyulap peminatnya untuk ikut dalam acara mulai dari kartun hingga sinetron, dengan sajian semenarik mungkin agar para penontonnya merasa terhibur. Namun, pernahkah kita bayangkan ketika anak-anak yang masih dibawah umur ikut menonton acara televisi yang bukan untuk mereka, apa dapat dipastikan anak-anak akan ikut mencontoh apa yang ada di televisi, sebab mereka adalah peniru terhebat dari apa pun yang dilihat. Artikel ini mencoba mengulas apa yang terjadi pada perilaku anak-anak setelah mereka menyaksikan acara televisi yang tidak seharusnya mereka saksikan.  Metode penelitian yang digunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara dan pengisian angket. Data yang didapat dianalisis dengan langkah merangkum, menyajikan dan penarikan kesimpulan. Adapun objek penelitian anak-anak berusia 5-11 tahun sebanyak 10 orang anak. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan bahwa sebagian besar (6 orang anak) anak umur 3-5 tahun menghabiskan waktunya untuk menonton televisi selama 3-6 jam perhari, dengan tontonan kartun dan sinetron. Pengaruhnya bagi anak mudah sekali menirukan lagu /  dan gerakan yg mereka tonton.
Hubungan Antara Kemampuan Microteaching dan Kesiapan PKL Mahasiswa PGMI di IAIN Samarinda
Authors: Nurkhomariah Anis , Bahrani Bahrani , Razak Abdul
Published: May 2023

Latar belakang dalam penelitian ini adalah kegiatan microteaching termasuk dalam salah satu kegiatan perkuliahan yang sangat penting, terutama dalam membekali mahasiswa semester 6 untuk memiliki kompetensi keguruan melalui kegiatan simulasi mengajar yang bertujuan mengembangkan bakat, kemampuan serta keterampilan mahasiswa dalam melaksanakan kegiatan pembelajaran sebelum terjun langsung ke dunia nyata di sekolah. Namun meskipun telah mengikuti kegiatan microteaching beberapa mahasiswa masih belum menguasai secara penuh kemampuan microteaching. Hal ini berdampak pada kesiapan PKL mahasiswa PGMI. Diantaranya penyebab mahasiswa belum merasa siap untuk melaksanakan PKL adalah kurangnya penguasaan terhadap bahan ajar. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui adanya hubungan antara kemampuan microteaching dan kesiapan PKL mahasiswa PGMI IAIN Samarinda.Jenis penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dan desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah correlation research.  populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa PGMI angakatan 2017 yang berjumlah 74 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah angket dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah rumus korelasi ptroduct moment, uji hipotesis (Uji T), dan koefesien determinasi.Hasil penelitian tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada hubungan kemampuan microteaching dengan kesiapan PKL mahasiswa PGMI di IAIN Samarinda. Hasil data hipotesis menggunakan uji T diperoleh bahwa nilai = 4,77 dan nilai = 1,99346, karena nilai >  maka  ditolak. Hal ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang positif antara kemampuan microteaching dengan kesiapan PKL. Nilai = 0,49 berada dalam skala interpretasi koefesien korelasi berada pada 0,40 - 0,59 termasuk dalam kategori sedang dan nilai koefesien determinasi (KD) sebesar 0,24 atau 24%.
Implementasi Metode Qira’ati dalam Pembelajaran Baca Al- Qur’an di PAUD IT Griya Auladi
Authors: Sunanik Sunanik , Julaiha Siti , Yanti Yanti
Published: May 2023

Latar belakang terangkatnya penelitian ini karena keberhasilan PAUD IT ini dalam mengajarkan pembelajaran baca Al-Qur’an. Hal ini disebabkan adanya pemilihan metode baca Qur’an yang dianggap tepat. Metode dalam pembelajaran merupakan hal yang sangat penting dan sangat menentukan berhasil tidaknya proses belajar.Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Implementasi Metode Qiraa’ati dalam pembelajaran Al-Qur’an di PAUD IT tersebut. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian lapangan, yang berjenis kualitatif yang bersifat deskriftif. Subjek penelitian berasal dari data primer dan data skunder. Data primer berasal dari Kepala Sekolah dan Guru Kelas dan sumber data skunder berasal dari dokumentasi PAUD IT. Tehnik pengumpulan data mengunakan wawancara, observasi dan dukomentasi. Analisis data mengunakan data kualitatif melalui aktivitas reduksi data penyajian data dan penarikkan kesimpulan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian perencanaan Implementasi metode Qira’ati dalam pembelajaran baca Al-Qur’an pada anak usia 5-6 tahun di PAUD IT ini, Proses pembelajaran mengunakan model tema yang didalam satu hari ada beberapa pembelajaran salah satunya adalah pembelajaran baca Al-Qur’an mengunakan metode Qira’ati. Pelaksanaan metode Qira’ati dalam pembelajran baca Al-Qur’an dilakukan 3 kali dalam seminggu dengan jumlah 14 pendidik yang diteliti, pembelajaran awal pendidik mengucap salam dan dijawab oleh peserta didik, pendidik mencontohkan pokok pembelajaran. Kegiatan inti membaca Ta’audz dan Basmalah, mengaji secara Klasikal, Individual dengan kartu peraga kecil, besar kemudian mengaji individual mengunakan buku jilid. Kegiatan akhir Penilaian atau evaluasi kemudian membaca Tasdiq dan do’a sebelum pulang secara bersama-sama.
Efektivitas Kegiatan Kolase dalam Menstimulus Perkembangan Kognitif Anak Kelompok B TK Nurul Iman Samarinda
Authors: Wulandari Devi Yulia
Published: May 2023

Latar belakang masalah penelitian ini yaitu pada observasi awal, penulis melihat penggunaan kegiatan ini berlangsung dengan menarik saat penggunaan kolase dilakukan untuk proses pembelajaran. Pada dasarnya banyak orang menilai bahwa kegiatan kolase cukup berkembang pada aspek motorik anak, namun peneliti melihat bahwa semua aspek mampu berkembang dengan bersama salah satunya yang menonjol yaitu pada aspek kognitif anak. Oleh karena itu, penulis ingin melihat lebih lanjut apakah penggunaan kegiatan kolase tersebut efektif untuk menstimulus perkembangan anak, khususnya pada perkembangan kognitif. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui seberapa efektivitas penggunaan kegiatan kolase dalam  menstimulus perkembangan anak di TK Nurul Iman Samarinda. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis kuantitatif ekperimen. Adapun lokasi penelitian di TK Nurul Iman Samarinda. Populasi sebanyak 19 dan menggunakan sampel jenuh maka sempel yang digunakan sebanyak 19 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, tes, dan dokumentasi. Instrumen uji yang digunakan yaitu validitas, dan realibilitas. Teknik analisis data yang diguanakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan uji hipotesis dengan uji- t. Hasil dari uji instrumen data validitas pada pretest terdapat 11 butir valid dari 14 butir, dan uji validitas posttest terdapat 12 butir valid dari 14 butir maka hasil yang valid digunakan sebagai penilaian untuk guru terhadap perkembangan anak yang mewakili dari 7 indikator perkembangan kognitif untuk setiap anak. Pada uji normalitas pretest dengan sig 0,156, posttest dengan sig 0,200 dari kedua sig > 0,05 maka data berdistribusi normal. Pada hasil uji homogenitas terdapat sig 0,288 > 0,05 maka homogen untuk menjadi sampel penelitian. Hasil analisis statistik inferensial menggunakan korelasi Product Moment diperoleh rxy 0,808≥ rtabel 0,456 terdapat korelasi yang signifikan dengan tingkat korelasi yang tinggi dan thitung 7,60 ≥ ttabel 1,7 dan n= 19 sehingga H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima dengan taraf kontribusi 65,2%.
Efektifitas Media Audio Visual Terhadap Pengusaan Kosakata Siswa MI Al Ma’arif Samarinda
Authors: Mustamin Mustamin , Hidayat Ahmad Fadhel Syakir , Rachmasari Fithri
Published: May 2023

The background of this research is that Arabic students at SD Al-Maaref Nahdlatul Ulama 003 Samaranda are still experiencing difficulties in mastering vocabulary and lack of interesting teaching aids in vocabulary teaching materials. This study aims to determine the ability to master Arabic vocabulary before and after the application of audio-visual aids and to determine the effectiveness of using audio-visual aids in mastering Arabic vocabulary in sixth grade students of Al-Maaref Nahdlatul Ulama Elementary School. 003 Samarinda. This research is a quantitative research. The type used is a quasi-experimental design with an asymmetric control group design. The population in this study were students of class VI SD Al-Maaref Nahdlatul Ulama 003 Smaranda. The sampling technique was purposive sampling obtained by class IV C with a total of 28 students as the experimental group and class IV D with a total of 20 students as the control group. This study uses data collection techniques, namely observation, documentation and tests. The statistics used to prove the hypothesis of data analysis are paired sample t-test and independent sample t-test. From the research results it is clear from the results of the descriptive analysis that the average post-test score for the experimental group using audio-visual aids was 80.20 and for the control class was 75.25. The results of the hypothesis analysis using the paired sample T test in the experimental group obtained a t value of 11.079 > 2.048 and a Sig (2-Tailed) value of 0.000, and an independent sample T test obtained a Sig (2-Tailed) value of 0.023 <0.05. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of audio-visual aids is effective in increasing Arabic vocabulary mastery at SD Al-Maaref Nahdlatul Ulama 003 Smaranda. Keywords: effectiveness, audiovisual aids, vocabulary mastery.
Efektivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Daun Bunga Lili Perdamaian (Spathiphyllum Sp) terhadap Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus
Authors: Putri Oktavia Setiyani , Lamri Lamri , Yusran Dini Indriaty Yusran Indriaty
Published: May 2023

Pendahuluan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia mempunyai kekayaan flora yang melimpah di alamnya dengan berbagai keunikannya. Kandungan di dalam tanaman spatifilum dengan pelarut etanol menunjukkan adanya alkaloid, glikosida, triterpenoid, flavonoid, saponin, dan tanin dengan jumlah yang banyak Salah satu peneyebab infeksi nosokomial ialah bakteri Staphylococcus aureus yang merupakan bakteri patogen yang menyerang manusia. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui diameter zona hambat yang dapat dihasilkan dan untuk mengetahui efektivitas antibakteri ekstrak daun spatifilum (Spathiphyillum sp) terhadap pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus Metode: Dilakukan penanaman  bakteri Staphylococcus aureus pada media Muller Hinton Agar dimasukkan ekstrak dengan konsentrasi 15%, 20% dan 25% menggunakan metode difusi sumuran. Diukur zona hambat yang terbentuk pada sumuran. Diskusi: Didapatkan rata-rata diameter zona hambat yang dapat dihasilkan ekstrak daun spatifilum dengan konsetrasi 15% sebesar 6,57 mm, konsentrasi 20% sebesar 9,71 mm dan konsentrasi 25% sebesar 15,71 mm serta nilai efektivitas ekstrak spatifilum dengan konsentrasi 15% sebesar 27,3%, konsentrasi 20% sebesar 40,4% dan konsentrasi 25% sebesar 65,4%.

Kata Kunci:   Spathiphyllum sp, antibakteri, Staphylococcus aureus

Copyright © 2023 Oktavia, Lamri
Islamic Tolerance Values in the Digital-based Teaching for Elementary School in Cirebon City
Authors: Farihin Farihin
Published: May 2023

This paper aims to find out how the implementation of Islamic-based tolerance values in Digital-Based Elementary Schools, supporting and inhibiting factors, and success in implementing Islamic-Based tolerance values in Digital-Based Elementary Schools in Cirebon City West Java, Indonesia. This writing is a qualitative descriptive writing with a phenomenological approach. Data in this paper was collected using observation techniques, in-depth interviews, documentation, and triangulation. Meanwhile, to analyze the data obtained, the author uses data reduction, data presentation, and data verification. Based on the research results, the implementation of Islamic-based tolerance values in Digital-Based Elementary Schools in Cirebon City is carried out by: 1) provide opportunities for all students to take part in religious learning in accordance with their respective religious beliefs; 2) fostering a tolerant environment in all classes (learning about differences, fostering mutual trust, upholding mutual understanding, and upholding mutual love); and 3) fostering a deeper understanding of Islam among students (tolerance value). Government policies that provide guidelines for advancing the ideals of religious tolerance, adequate facilities, and the realization of collaboration between students in religious activities are all supporting aspects. Ability level, differences in students' emotional maturity, lack of resources (such as learning media), and lack of time to learn are some of the variables that hinder learning.
Challenges Faced by International Students: A Case Study of Jambi’s Institute of Higher Learning
Authors: Wachyunni Sri , Abrar Mukhlash , Istifada Istifada , Harjono Hary Soedarto , Hendra Robi
Published: May 2023

Although there have been many studies investigating international students, many of them focused on the students who travel in pursuit of higher education in English countries and/or universities. This current qualitative study is intended to explore the experiences of international students, particularly the challenges, and strategies to deal with the challenges and the culture shock while studying in Jambi, Indonesia. In order to collect the data, a semi-structured interview was employed and guided by an interview protocol to stimulate the participants in answering the questions during the interview. The participants of this study were nine international students who studied at one public university in Jambi. Through thematic analysis, we found that international students faced some challenges living and studying in Jambi, such as language issues, academic issues, individual issues, and living style and related issues. To overcome the challenges, international students employed two main strategies, including self-management strategies and seeking help. Moreover, although the culture of international students is quite similar to the culture of the hosting country, we identified a lack of foreigner sense and physical contact as the culture shocks experienced by one international student. Looking at the challenges and culture shocks experienced by international students, this study suggests that preparation is crucial for prospective international students before pursuing their studies overseas.
The Strategy of School Principal to Promote Multicultural Education in Islamic High Schools in Samarinda
Authors: Mahmud Muchammad Eka
Published: May 2023

Multicultural education is the process of character formation for respecting and valuing different groups such as ethnicity, culture, language, race, and skin color because human nature is created for mutual recognition. The purpose of this research is to explore the school principal strategies in promoting multicultural education at one of the Islamic high schools in Samarinda, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. This research employed a case study design with a qualitative approach. Direct observation was done to make sure the implementation of multicultural education in the process of teaching and learning in classrooms. Additionally, in-depth interview was conducted with three types of school elements including the school principal, four vice principals, and two representative teachers to figure out their perspectives towards the implementation of multicultural education so far at their school as well as figure out the strategies used by the school principal. Document analysis was also utilized in order to make sure the reflection of multicultural education values on the teaching materials used by teachers in class. The results showed that the school principal apply contribution and enrichment strategies in applying multicultural education at school. It was discovered that multicultural education was reflected in all three aspects, i.e., teaching materials, students’ activities, and the teaching and learning process. The research novelty and future implications of this study are further discussed in this article.
Isokinetic Technique for Sampling Geothermal Fluids in Two-Phase Flow
Authors: Riley W. D. , Walters R. P. , Cramer S. D. , McCawley F. X.
Published: May 2023

The U.S. Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, has designed and tested an isokinetic sampling probe for use in studying the hydrodynamic, thermodynamic, chemical, and physical properties of geobrines. This work was conducted as a part of the Bureau's mission to ensure an adequate supply of minerals to meet national economic and strategic needs. The probe consists of a sampling tube for obtaining the fluid sample and two probe consists of a sampling tube for obtaining the fluid sample and two pressure sensing tubes for use in controlling hydrodynamic conditions at pressure sensing tubes for use in controlling hydrodynamic conditions at the entrance to the sampling tube. The three tubes form the basic probe unit and can be mounted on brine processing equipment and pipelines as either a fixed- or an adjustable-position probe.

The isokinetic technique, involving sampling at a rate governed by the pressures in the two sensing tubes, is useful specifically for sampling pressures in the two sensing tubes, is useful specifically for sampling two-phase fluids. Samples so obtained are reproducible and representative of the fluid being sampled. The probe proved capable of examining two-phase flows of widely ranging fluid properties at the Bureau of Mines.
Protocol for Supervised Automation of Cell Counting in Confocal Microscopic Cochlear Imaging Datasets Using Macro
Authors: Rahman Muhammad Taifur , Khan Nashwaan Ali , Razu Md Ibrahim , Garcia Cristina L , Mokbul Mobin Ibne , Hansen Marlan
Published: June 2023

Regular image analysis derived from confocal microscopic data of biological tissue samples with the Imaris software package involves a significant amount of repetition on the part of the researchers for each image. We developed a supervised automation protocol in our lab to execute our everyday cell and spot counting tasks (e.g., neuron, nucleus, macrophages) on images obtained from mouse cochlear samples. The proposed semi-automated protocol can be reproduced and customized by scientists working on basic and experimental neuro-immunology and neuroanatomy research and on other disciplines as well. Though it has some limitations and challenges, the protocol can be further enhanced with the integration of machine learning. We believe our developed protocol may enlighten the scientific community on the controlled automation of image analysis tasks, may translate to a substantial reduction of the manual labor of the researchers, and can increase laboratory efficiency and productivity.
2PSLAF: Privacy-Preserving Secure lightweight authentication framework for Vehicle-to-Vehicle communications
Authors: Rao P Muralidhara
Published: May 2023

Internet of Vehicular Things (IoVT) intended to connect vehicles in urban and rural areas to provide communication among the vehicles. With the rapid development of eHealth, the autonomous and intelligent vehicles play a vital role. Now a days, millions of vehicles equipped with smart sensors, devices, and communication facilities for providing quality of service at emergency. Due to network openness, unfortunately, IoVT is subject to a large number of potential issues related to security and privacy. This paper proposes an efficient privacy-preserving secure vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication. Firstly, we propose a privacy-protected identity-based mutual authentication. Further, to enhance the security levels, the session key is derived from timestamps, a common key shared by the vehicles, privacy-protected identity and random nonce decided by both the vehicles. The security analysis shows our scheme withstands several potential attacks, including unknown key share attacks, replay attacks, and key-compromised impersonation attacks. The empirical results show the efficiency of the proposed scheme is computationally taking less time.
WITHDRAWN: Assessment of Strength and Permeability Variation in Pervious Concrete by using Industrial Waste as a Partial Replacement for Cement
Authors: kumar Sudhir
Published: May 2023

In this study, two issues related to the pervious concrete are addressed, and a proper solution is drawn. The first issue is related to strength and the second one is related to permeability. We have used some of the available industrial waste like fly ash, silica fume, and furnace slag in replacement of cement at 20%, 35%, and 50%. The study is conducted to check whether this waste materials replacement can increase the strength and permeability of pervious concrete. Results revealed that fly ash replacement at 35% gave the best result than no cement replacement in both strength and permeability
Neural Network Interatomic Potential for Laser-Excited Materials
Authors: Plettenberg Pascal , Bauerhenne Bernd , Garcia M.
Published: May 2023

The design of new materials and the prediction of their properties by means of computational techniques has reached an unprecedent level of accuracy thanks to the development and use of machine-learning (ML) approaches. For instance, interatomic potentials based on ML algorithms have been increasingly used to perform large-scale, first-principles quality simulations of materials in the electronic ground state. However, they are unable to describe situations in which the electrons are excited, like in the case of material processing by means of femtosecond laser irradiation or ion bombardment. In this work, we propose a neural network interatomic potential, which involves a dependency on the electronic temperature and can therefore be applied to large-scale simulations of laser-excited materials. We explicitly construct the interatomic potential for silicon and demonstrate its capability of reproducing important physical properties with first-principles accuracy. Moreover, we use it to simulate laser-induced surface modifications on a silicon thin film and thereby consider time and length scales that are not feasible with first-principles approaches like density functional theory. The method is general and can be applied not only to other laser-excited materials but also to condensed and liquid matter under non-equilibrium situations in which electrons and ions exhibit different temperatures.
A resilient workforce: patient safety and the workforce response to a cyber-attack on the ICT systems of the national health service in Ireland
Authors: Moore Gemma , Khurshid Zuneera , McDonnell Therese , Rogers Lisa , Healy Orla
Published: May 2023

Background In May 2021, the Irish public health service was the target of a cyber-attack. The response by the health service resulted in the widespread removal of access to ICT systems. While services including radiology, diagnostics, maternity, and oncology were prioritised for reinstatement, recovery efforts continued for over four months. This study describes the response of health service staff to the loss of ICT systems, and the risk mitigation measures introduced to safely continue health services. The resilience displayed by front line staff whose rapid and innovative response ensured continuity of safe patient care is explored.Methods To gain an in-depth understanding of staff experiences of the cyber-attack, eight focus groups (n = 36) were conducted. Participants from a diverse range of health services were recruited, including staff from radiology, pathology/labs, radiotherapy, maternity, primary care dental services, health and wellbeing, COVID testing, older person’s care, and disability services. Thematic Analysis was applied to the data to identify key themes.Results The impact of the cyber-attack varied across services depending on the type of care being offered, the reliance on software, and local IT support. Staff stepped up to the challenges and quickly developed and implemented innovative solutions, exhibiting great resilience, teamwork, and adaptability with a sharp focus on ensuring patient safety. The cyber-attack resulted in a flattening of the healthcare hierarchy, with shared decision-making at local levels leading to an empowered frontline workforce. However, participants in this study felt the stress placed on staff by the attack was more severe than the cumulative effect of the COVID-19 pandemic.Conclusions Limited contingencies within the health system IT infrastructure - what we call a lack of system resilience - was compensated for by a resilient workforce. Within the context of the prevailing COVID-19 pandemic, this was an enormous burden on a dedicated workforce. The adverse impact of this attack may have long-term and far-reaching consequences for staff wellbeing. Design and investment in a resilient health system must be prioritised.
Competing for space? - A multi-criteria scenario framework to model the energy-biodiversity-land nexus for regional renewable energy planning on a German case
Authors: Weber Jessica , Steinkamp Tim , Reichenbach Marc
Published: May 2023

Background: The need to balance renewable energy supply with biodiversity conservation has become increasingly urgent in light of current climate, energy, and biodiversity crises. However, the development of wind and solar energy often presents trade-offs such as competing for land use and potentially impacting species and habitats. To address these concerns, ‘priority zones’ for bird and bat species have been proposed as spatial designations for early species protection in the regional planning process. However, there are concerns that the areas suitable for wind and solar energy may be limited further, making it difficult to meet state- and regional-specific spatial targets for renewable energy sites.
Method: To help decision-makers deal with this challenge, a Multi-Criteria Scenario Framework has been developed and analyzed. It involves a habitat model of priority zones for species conservation and techniques from the intuitive logics scenario planning method. Through a regional case study, various planning criteria were analyzed scenario-driven, such as priority zones for species protection, settlement buffers, and forests. The framework indicates how criteria could be balanced to achieve wind energy spatial targets as well as targets for ground-mounted solar energy with the least possible impact.
Results: Results show that compared to other planning criteria, species priority zones had limited competition with spatial wind energy targets. Achieving these targets may require minimal adjustments, such as allowing wind energy in 1-3% of completely protected recreational landscapes. To reconcile land use demands in the energy transition, a balance between ‘green’ protected areas is necessary. Additionally, ground-mounted solar energy could replace some of the wind energy spatial targets while also meeting the overall solar development goals.
Conclusions: The framework provides transparency in assessing trade-offs between multiple objectives and helps quantify the ‘costs’ and ‘benefits’ in renewable energy planning. Adapting more flexible planning methods could help resolve the conflict between wind energy and species protection. Joint analysis of the areas needed for wind and solar energy and determining the optimal energy mix are gaining in importance. However, how the benefits of multi-criteria scenarios can be achieved within the confines of preoccupied and siloed organizations remains an ongoing research topic.
Invasive alien plants, conservation and livelihoods: the case of Vernonathura polyanthes in the Chimanimani Uplands of Zimbabwe
Authors: KACHENA Lameck , Shackleton Ross Taylor
Published: May 2023

Biological invasions can have major social-ecological consequences for local communities across the world. However, the dimensions (characteristics, infestation and socio-ecological impacts) of emerging invasive alien plants are often less well known but urgent information is needed to guide policy and management. In light of this, this paper assesses the social-ecological impacts of Vernonathura Polyanthes an emerging invasive alien plant, in a Zimbabwean upland landscape which supports conservation and livelihoods. Informed by exploratory participatory qualitative methodologies we discussed the socio-ecological and economic implications (benefits and impacts) of Vernonathura Polyanthes and how it is managed in the eastern parts of Chimanimani, Zimbabwe. We found that there are nuanced perspectives of this invasive tree among different socio-economic groups in the region who have different experiences of living with Vernonathura polyanthes. Some are embracing it for apiculture, firewood, and ethnomedicine, on the other hand for others the tree is negatively affecting key livelihoods (crop farming, pastoralism and tourism) that are common in the region. Local people also identified that Vernonathura Polyanthes is associated with ecological impacts that include loss of biodiversity, promoting pests and negatively affecting watersheds and associated water security. Mixed experiences on the plant are leading to different management practices, in turn inducing some conflicts among various actors. Based on our findings we suggest more should be done to better manage this invasive plant in the region before negative impacts become too great, particularly in the protected areas in the region.
The burden of hospital admissions for skeletal dysplasias in Sri Lanka: a population-based study
Authors: Kolambage Yasas D. , Walpita Yasaswi N. , Liyanage Udari A. , Dayaratne Buddika M.K.D.R. , Dissanayake Vajira H.W.
Published: May 2023

Background
Skeletal dysplasias (SD) are a diverse group of rare disorders in the chondro-osseous tissue that can have a significant impact on patient's functionality. The worldwide prevalence of SD at birth is approximately 1:5000 births. To date, disease burden and trends of SD in the Sri Lankan population have not been described in any epidemiological study. Our aim was to evaluate the burden and the current trends in hospital admissions for SD in the Sri Lankan population. A retrospective evaluation of hospital admissions for SD during 2017-2020 was performed using population-based data from the eIMMR database which covers government hospitals in the entire country. The trends in hospital admissions for SD by calendar year, age, and types of SD were described using appropriate summary statistics.
Results
Respective crude admission rates of SD in the years 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020 were 5.2, 8.1, 8.0, and 6.5 per million population. A female predominance was noted during the studied period (1.4: 1). Of all reported cases majority (n=268; 44.2%) were children less than 4 years. Each year, 0-4 years age group represented 40% to 47% of the total hospital admissions. More than half of the cases were reported from Colombo (28.1%) and Kandy (25.4%) districts combined. Sixty percent of cases were diagnosed as osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Rising trends were observed in the hospital admissions for osteogenesis imperfecta, achondroplasia and osteopetrosis, while other SD types collectively showed a relatively stable trend.
Conclusion
This preliminary study revealed a female predominance of SD and a relatively high admission rate of osteogenesis imperfecta in the Sri Lankan population. A distinct trend was not visible in the studied years probably due to the impact on hospital services due to COVID- Pandemic. Future research on the healthcare burden on families affected by SD is required to better understand the overall cost of care and identify therapies that reduce admission rates. This study highlights the value of analysing population-based data on rare diseases to improve healthcare in low-resource countries.
Assessment of In Vivo and In Vitro Anti-Tumoral Effects of Lycium barbarum Extract on Ehrlich Ascites Tumor Cells : Histopathology, DNA damage and AgNOR
Authors: Uçar Sümeyye , Ulger Harun , Al Özge , Nisari Mehtap , Karatoprak Gökce Şeker , Tan Fazile Cantürk
Published: May 2023

Lycium barbarum has antioxidant and anticarcinogenic effects. Antioxidant activity of extract and its effect on Ehrlich ascites tumor (EAT) was investigated using in vivo and in vitro techniques. EAT cells were injected into Balb/C mice to create a stock mice. EAT cells withdrawn from stock mice were used equal volumes in the studies. In vivo study was consisted control and treatment groups (200 mg/kg fractions above and below 50 kDa of extracts). The liver tissue was evaluated histopathological, DNA damage, and proliferation status. In vitro study was consisted control and treatment groups (1500 and 2000 µg/ml of extracts). Cell viability and apoptosis were evaluated. As a result, decrease in the adhesion of EAT cells, and decreased DNA damage was observed extract group of in vivo study. The extracts both below and above 50 kDa were increased the apoptosis on cancer cells in in vitro study. The extract above 50 kDa were more active than those below 50 kDa. Lycium barbarum consumption may be effective in preventing cancer formation and slowing the progression of cancer.
Smooth transition regression model relating inflation to economic growth in Tunisia
Authors: BECHA Hamdi , KALAI Maha , HELALI Kamel
Published: May 2023

This paper examines the nature of the relationship between financial development and economic growth between 1965 and 2019, using the non-linear logistic smooth transition regression model and considering inflation as a threshold financial development. The results show the existence of a non-linear abrupt relationship with an inflation threshold equal to 3.63%. Specifically, when inflation is below 3.63 percent, all variables, including inflation, have a significant and positive impact on economic growth. However, when inflation exceeds the estimated threshold, inflation has a significant and negative impact with an elasticity equal to -0.365. Therefore, it is necessary to apply such measures to reduce the inflation pressures and promote economic growth through development finance by the banking sector.
JEL Classification: C24; E31; E44; O11.
Mechanism of stability enhancement of vane diffuser with different combined treatment methods
Authors: Li Wenjiao , Du Liming , Guan Tianmin , Bian Chenjie
Published: May 2023

To solve the problem of a narrow flow range of a vane diffuser at high speed while maintaining adequate centrifugal compressor performance, the wing diffuser of a turbocharged compressor is taken as the object; numerical simulation method is adopted, the effects of low-solidity treatment, combined treatment of low solidity and slotting, combined treatment of low solidity and casing on compressor stability and aerodynamic performance are studied respectively. The results of low-solidity treatment show that a low-solidity diffuser can broaden the flow range, even 1.8 times that of the vaneless diffuser, and the performance decrease is smaller than the vaneless diffuser (maximum reduction of pressure ratio is 6.4% less, the maximum reduction of efficiency is 4.1% less), but the stall boundary is shifted to the right. Then, the low-solidity diffuser is slotted in different axial and radial locations. They are slotting treatment of vane root, slotting treatment of vane tip, and casing treatment of circumferential slot at wheel cover. The results show that the location of the slot is the critical parameter; it can be determined by the location of the shockwave core area. Slotting treatment of the vane root, casing treatment of the circumferential slot, and slotting treatment of the vane tip can enhance stability from strong to weak and performance loss from large to small. Among them, slotting treatment at the front half chord root of the low-solidity diffuser vane can maximise the stable working flow range while the problem of stall boundary shifts to the right can be solved. The stall margin is widened to 1.8 times, the flow range is enlarged to 1.7 times, and the flow range is even 2.3 times that of the vaneless diffuser. Although it also causes the greatest loss of aerodynamic performance, the performance is still better than the vaneless diffuser.
Application of a Modified Tetra-primer ARMS–PCR Assay for Rapid Panax Species Identity Authentication in Ginseng Products
Authors: Yang Zhengxiu , Lo Yat Tung , Quan Zheng , He Junchen , Chen Yanjun , Faller Adam , Chua Tiffany , Wu Hoi Yan , Zhang Yanjun , Zou Qiang , Li Fan , Chang Peter , Swanson Gary , Shaw Pang Chui , Lu Zhengfei
Published: May 2023

Panax ginseng products can be adulterated with materials from other Panax species. The purpose of this study is to provide a rapid P. ginseng authentication method for simultaneous identification of P. ginseng and detection of adulteration in ginseng products at different processing stages. First, a tetra-primer ARMS–PCR assay was designed based on a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) within the trnL-trnF region and was tested at 28 PCR cycles with DNA extracted from Botanical Reference Materials (BRMs). Next, 5´ end random nucleotide and 3´ terminus phosphonothioates linkage modifications were incorporated into the inner primers to improve sensitivity and specificity at 40 PCR cycles. Finally, the modified assay was validated using characterized market ginseng materials and the detection limit was determined. The modified tetra-primer ARMS–PCR assay can achieve the desired sensitivity and specificity using one set of reaction conditions in ginseng materials at different stages. In validation, it was able to correctly identify target species P. ginseng and differentiate it from closely related species. This study suggests that the modified tetra-primer ARMS–PCR assay can be used for the rapid, species identity authentication of P. ginseng material in ginseng products. This assay can be used to complement chemical analytical methods in quality control, so both species identity and processing attributes of ginseng products can be efficiently addressed.