bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Endogenous Sulfur Dioxide Improves the Survival Rate of Sepsis by Improving the Oxidative Stress Response during Lung Injury
Authors: Liu Zhiwei , Gao Jiaqi , Ye Xin , Wang Cong , Zhao Bin
Published: February 2022

Objective. To explore the regulation of endogenous sulfur dioxide on oxidative stress in lung injury induced by sepsis. Method. Forty male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into control, sepsis, sepsis + SO2, and SO2 group randomly used to observe survival rate. The other group of twenty-eight rats were randomly divided as the same manner for mechanism research. The number of WBCS and the percentage of PMN cells were calculated. The microphotographs of morphological changes and the index of quantitative assessment (IQA) of lung tissues were calculated. The ratio of wet/dry (W/D) of lung tissues was calculated. Levels of H2O2, MDA, NO, MPO, SOD, GSH-px, and TNF-α in plasma and lung tissues were measured. Result. The number of WBCS and the percentage of PMN cells decreased in sepsis (

p

all < 0.05), and rebound in sepsis+SO2 (

p

all < 0.05). The IQA and W/D of lung tissues increased in sepsis (

p

for

W
/
D
<
0.05

), and decreased in sepsis+SO2 (

p

all < 0.05). H2O2 and MDA of plasma and lung tissues increased in sepsis (

p

all < 0.05) and rebound in sepsis+SO2 (

p

for H2O2 of plasma and lung tissues <0.05). NO and MPO of plasma and lung tissues increased in sepsis (

p

for NO and MPO of lung tissues <0.05) and rebound in sepsis+SO2 (

p
 
all
<
0.05

). SOD of plasma and lung tissues in sepsis group decreased (

p

all <0.05) and increased in sepsis+SO2 (

p

all < 0.05). GSH-px of plasma and lung tissues decreased in sepsis (

p

for plasma <0.05) and increased in sepsis+SO2 (

p

for GSH-px of lung tissues <0.05). TNF-α of plasma and lung tissues increased in sepsis (

p

all<0.05) and decreased in sepsis+SO2 (

p

for lung tissue <0.05). Conclusion. Endogenous sulfur dioxide improves the survival rate of sepsis by improving the oxidative stress response during lung injury.
Study on the Mechanism of MicroRNA551b-5p in Severe Acute Pancreatitis Capillary Leakage Syndrome
Authors: Yao Qian , Ke Hua-Jing , Yang Qin , Liao Gen-You , Liu Pi
Published: February 2022

Objective. This study focused on investigating the effects of microRNA551b-5p (miR-551b-5p) on severe acute pancreatitis. Methods. Initially, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is employed to determine the expression of miR-551b-5p in differentiated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Further, the effects of aberrantly expressed miR-551b-5p in HUVECs Transwell assay. The expressions of proteins associated with severe acute pancreatitis capillary leakage syndrome are determined by Western blot, FITC-phalloidin, and immunofluorescence stainings. Finally, the correlative factor and the target genes of miR-551b-5p, as well as their contributions, are assessed. Results. We observed that overexpression of miR-551b-5p distinctly promoted the expression of EGFR, AKT3, and AQP5, while it suppressed the expression of JAM3, AQP1, and occludin. Functionally, the cytoskeleton of the miR-551b-5p overexpression was relatively loose with apparent vacuoles, and overexpression of miR-551b-5p increased the permeability of HUVECs. Conclusion. miR-551b-5p overexpression promoted changes in vascular endothelial permeability via upregulation of the EGFR/AKT3 pathway and downregulation of occludin and JAM3.
Glaucocalyxin A Attenuates IL-1β-Induced Inflammatory Response and Cartilage Degradation in Osteoarthritis Chondrocytes via Inhibiting the Activation of NF-κB Signaling Pathway
Authors: Zhu Weidong , Zhang Yi , Li Yueshan , Wu Hao
Published: February 2022

Glaucocalyxin A (GLA) is a bioactive natural compound with anti-inflammatory activity. Herein, the role of GLA in osteoarthritis (OA) was evaluated. Our results demonstrated that the IL-1β-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooygenase-2 (COX-2) expression, two enzymes resulting in the release of nitric oxide (NO) and PGE2, were also prevented by GLA in chondrocytes. Moreover, GLA suppressed inflammatory cytokines production in chondrocytes. In addition, the elevated expressions of MMPs and ADAMTSs and the degradation of aggrecan and collagen II were reversed by GLA in chondrocytes. Furthermore, GLA decreased p-p65 level and suppressed the nuclear p65 accumulation in the nucleus of chondrocytes. Collectively, we concluded that GLA attenuated inflammatory response in chondrocytes via NF-κB pathway. These findings suggested that GLA might become an effective agent for OA treatment.
A Computational Linguistic Approach for Gender Prediction Based on Vietnamese Names
Authors: Ho Huong Thien , Tran-Trung Kiet , Truong Hoang Vinh
Published: February 2022

Gender prediction is extensively studied in recent years since it is widely applied in many fields. Several factors have been investigated to determine a gender of male or female through facial images, voice, gait, finger print, etc. In this study, we present a machine learning approach for gender determination based on Vietnamese names. A model based on N-gram for the full name, combining its own middle name feature based on the specificity of Vietnamese language, is proposed. The experimental evaluation of gender prediction tasks is applied on GenderVN1.0 dataset (with 3 million Vietnamese names) that achieves 90.9% of accuracy.
Experimental Study on Fracture Propagation Mechanism of Shale Oil Reservoir of Lucaogou Formation in Jimusar
Authors: Li Jianmin , Zou Yushi , Shi Shanzhi , Zhang Shicheng , Wang Junchao , Ma Xinfang , Zhang Xiaohuan
Published: February 2022

The lithology of shale oil reservoir of Lucaogou Formation in Junggar Basin, China shows great variation in a vertical direction and develops bedding planes (BPs). In such formation, rock properties and fabrics have a significant impact on stimulation effects. To clarify the fracture propagation mechanism in a vertically heterogeneous reservoir, an experimental study on fracture propagation in layered rock samples with complex lithology has been conducted. The effect of layers on the height of hydraulic fractures (HFs) was analysed based on triaxial hydraulic fracturing simulation system combined with mineral and mechanical characteristics analysis. The research shows that when the HF is initiated in siltstone layer, it tends to penetrate BPs with the dimensionless fracture height of more than 0.74. When HF is initiated in mudstone layer, the vertical growth of HFs tends to be terminated at the BPs, and thefracture height is constrained. The greater the thickness of the interlayer is, the more likely the HFs tend to be cut off at the interface and propagate along the interface, resulting in the limited fracture height. Under high horizontal stress difference, HFs are relatively straight. Due to the high permeability of BPs and the low viscosity of fracturing fluid, the fluid leakoff into BPs is observed, which is not conducive to the vertical propagation of HFs. Increasing the viscosity of fracturing fluid facilitates HFs to penetrate the high-permeability BPs and improves the vertical stimulated volume of shale oil reservoir.
Implementation of the Teaching of Economic Management Specialty in the Background of Internet+ Based on Smart Agent
Authors: Zhang Chao , Hang Xiaoyu
Published: February 2022

Today is the age of information and networks. In the context of the Internet, our country’s economy is growing rapidly. However, given the current state of economic governance, traditional courses and educational models can no longer be applied. It is necessary to combine the content of teaching materials, the needs of social development, and the current situation of students to carry out reforms and innovations to deepen and promote the overall development of basic education in our country. This article mainly introduces how to refer to literature surveys, analysis-level processes, and questionnaire survey. In this article, we will use Internet+ to study the application of specialized education in economic management and create possible mathematical models. The model is resolved through a process in the analysis hierarchy, the application and research status of economic management education is evaluated, and the accuracy of assessing the implementation status of economic management education is evaluated. Results show that the process of analytical hierarchy increased the effectiveness of conducting economic management education by 13% and reduced the rate of false positives. Finally, the system explains the impact of Internet+ on the implementation of economic management by comparing the analysis of problems existing in the education of economic management courses on the Internet with the analysis of the satisfaction level of practical education of economic management courses. The survey results show that the professional practice research of comprehensive professional training and compulsory professional courses needs improvement.
On Analytical Solution of Time-Fractional Biological Population Model by means of Generalized Integral Transform with Their Uniqueness and Convergence Analysis
Authors: Rashid Saima , Ashraf Rehana , Bonyah Ebenezer
Published: February 2022

This research utilizes the generalized integral transform and the Adomian decomposition method to derive a fascinating explicit pattern for outcomes of the biological population model (BPM). It assists us in comprehending the dynamical technique of demographic variations in BPMs and generates significant projections. Besides that, generalized integral transforms are the unification of other existing transforms. To investigate the closed form solutions, we employed a fractional complex transform to deal with a partial differential equation of fractional order and a generalized decomposition method was applied to analyze the nonlinear equation. Several aspects of the Caputo and Atangana–Baleanu fractional derivative operators are discussed with the aid of a generalized integral transform. In mathematical terms, the variety of equations and their solutions have been discovered and identified with various novel features of the projected model. To provide additional context for these ideas, numerous sorts of illustrations and tabulations are presented. The precision and efficacy of the proposed technique suggest that it can be used for a variety of nonlinear evolutionary problems.
The Impact of the Instigator Rule on Fighting in the National Hockey League
Authors: Morrissette Cole , Anderson Forrest L. , Fortney Thomas A. , Tedesco Liana , Boddapati Venkat , Swindell Hasani , Trofa David , Popkin Charles A.
Published: February 2022

Background. Fighting is often considered an essential part of professional hockey. Increased ticket sales, a means to self-regulate other dangerous gameplay, and helping teams win are a few of the reasons that fighting advocates provide for retaining fighting in the NHL. However, fighting trends have changed over the past 50 years. Given the recent data on concussions and player safety, an in-depth analysis of fighting is required to understand if fighting has a place in the future of the NHL. Methods. Seasonal statistical team data on NHL teams from the 1967 to 2019 seasons were collected and analyzed using publicly available databases. Specific outcome variables of interest related to fighting, penalties, the final team record for a given season, and final standing were recorded. The data were divided into subgroups according to “era of play” and before/after the implementation of the instigator rule. The trends in fighting, seasonal outcomes, and other minor penalties were assessed to determine the trends in fighting over the past 50 years, the relationship between fighting and winning, and the impact of the instigator rule. Results. Fights per game decreased significantly after the implementation of the instigator rule (0.71 to 0.51 fights per game,

p

 < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in fights per game when comparing Stanley Cup champions to nonplayoff teams in either the modern era (0.36 vs. 0.42,

p

 = 0.43) or the expansion era (0.45 vs. 0.51,

p

 = 0.49). Only two Stanley Cup champions (the Flyers 1974–1975 and the Ducks 2006–2007) led the league in fighting. A multivariate regression analysis comparing fights per game and points earned per season divided by the number of games played revealed a statistically significant inverse relationship (coefficient = −0.16,

p

 < 0.001). Conclusion. Our analysis demonstrates that the Instigator rule achieved its intended effect to decrease the number of fights per game. In the current era of professional hockey, there is no compelling evidence that a team with more fights per game will achieve greater seasonal success. These results continue to cast doubt on the belief that fighting is a necessary strategy for winning games at the NHL level.
Interaction Mechanism and Coordinated Control of Commutation Failure Prevention in Multi-Infeed Ultra-HVDC System
Authors: Yao Wei , Wang Lingrao , Xiong Yongxin , Tan Yangchen , Li Dahu , Li Chenghao , Wen Jinyu
Published: February 2022

Commutation failure (CF) is an inherent drawback of line-commutated converter high-voltage DC (LCC-HVDC) system. And CF prevention (CFPREV) control is widely applied in UHVDC lines to mitigate the subsequent CF. However, the formation of a multi-infeed UHVDC system induces power exchange and voltage interaction between AC buses during the transient process, making the behaviors and mitigation of CFs more complex. Consequently, exploring the impact of CFPREV control on adjacent stations and optimizing the CFPREV control to adapt to the interaction characteristics in a multi-infeed system is necessary. Considering the interaction characteristics, the impact of CFPREV control on the commutation process of inverters in a multi-infeed system is analyzed through formula derivation and simulation verification. It is found that although CFPREV control can effectively mitigate the CFs of the inverter near the fault, it will further increase the risk of concurrent CF (CCF) of remote inverters due to the interaction on the AC side. To solve this problem, a coordinated control scheme of CFPREV controls in a multi-infeed UHVDC system is proposed. The output of the CFPREV control of the inverter near the fault can be adjusted adaptively according to the commutation margins of remote inverters. And the probability of CCF caused by CFPREV control is consequently decreased. Case studies are conducted based on Henan provincial multi-infeed UHVDC system in China to verify the analysis result and the effectiveness of the coordinated control scheme of CFPREV controls.
Sitagliptin Attenuates the Cognitive Deficits in L‐Methionine‐Induced Vascular Dementia in Rats
Authors: Khodir Suzan A. , Faried Manar A. , Abd-Elhafiz Huda I. , Sweed Eman M.
Published: February 2022

Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most prevalent type of dementia characterized by progressive cognitive deficits and is a major risk factor for the development of Alzheimer’s disease and other neurodegenerative disorders. This study is aimed at determining the potential neuroprotective effect of sitagliptin (STG) on cognitive deficits in L‐methionine‐induced VaD in rats and the possible underlying mechanisms. 30 adult male Wistar albino rats were divided equally (n = 10) into three groups: control, VaD, and VaD + STG groups. The cognitive performance of the animals was conducted by open field, elevated plus maze, Y‐maze, novel object recognition, and Morris water maze tests. Serum homocysteine, TNF‐α, IL‐6, IL‐10, total cholesterol, and triglycerides levels were assessed together with hippocampal MDA, SOD, and BDNF. Histopathological and immunohistochemical assessments of the thoracic aorta and hippocampus (CA1 region) were also performed. Chronic L‐methionine administration impaired memory and learning and induced anxiety. On the other hand, STG protected against cognitive deficits through improving oxidative stress biomarkers, inflammatory mediators, lipid profiles, and hippocampus level of BDNF as well as decreasing caspase‐3 and GFAP and increasing Ki‐67 immunoreactions in the hippocampus. Also, STG improved the endothelial dysfunction via upregulation of aortic eNOS immunoreaction. STG improved the cognitive deficits of L‐methionine‐induced VaD by its antioxidant, anti‐inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and neurotrophic effects. These findings suggest that STG may be a promising future agent for protection against VaD.
Machine Learning Technology-Based Heart Disease Detection Models
Authors: Nagavelli Umarani , Samanta Debabrata , Chakraborty Partha
Published: February 2022

At present, a multifaceted clinical disease known as heart failure disease can affect a greater number of people in the world. In the early stages, to evaluate and diagnose the disease of heart failure, cardiac centers and hospitals are heavily based on ECG. The ECG can be considered as a regular tool. Heart disease early detection is a critical concern in healthcare services (HCS). This paper presents the different machine learning technologies based on heart disease detection brief analysis. Firstly, Naïve Bayes with a weighted approach is used for predicting heart disease. The second one, according to the features of frequency domain, time domain, and information theory, is automatic and analyze ischemic heart disease localization/detection. Two classifiers such as support vector machine (SVM) with XGBoost with the best performance are selected for the classification in this method. The third one is the heart failure automatic identification method by using an improved SVM based on the duality optimization scheme also analyzed. Finally, for a clinical decision support system (CDSS), an effective heart disease prediction model (HDPM) is used, which includes density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN) for outlier detection and elimination, a hybrid synthetic minority over-sampling technique-edited nearest neighbor (SMOTE-ENN) for balancing the training data distribution, and XGBoost for heart disease prediction. Machine learning can be applied in the medical industry for disease diagnosis, detection, and prediction. The major purpose of this paper is to give clinicians a tool to help them diagnose heart problems early on. As a result, it will be easier to treat patients effectively and avoid serious repercussions. This study uses XGBoost to test alternative decision tree classification algorithms in the hopes of improving the accuracy of heart disease diagnosis. In terms of precision, accuracy, f1-measure, and recall as performance parameters above mentioned, four types of machine learning (ML) models are compared.
Identification of Potential Key Biomarkers and Immune Infiltration in Oral Lichen Planus
Authors: Geng Lou , Zhang Xingming , Tang Yi , Gu Wenli
Published: February 2022

Background. Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic autoimmune oral mucosal disease that seriously affects the life quality of the patients. But till now, the exact etiology and pathogenesis of OLP remain unclear. Our study is aimed at finding the key molecules and pathways involved in the pathogenesis mechanisms of OLP, providing more effective therapeutic strategies for OLP. Methods. Data from GSE52130 were downloaded from GEO datasets for analysis. Then, we carried out enrichment analysis of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analyses. Next, the CIBERSORT algorithm was used to assess immune cell infiltration in OLP patients. Furthermore, we also constructed a protein-protein interaction network using STRING and Cytoscape and simultaneously sought potential transcription factors plug-in including MCODE CytoHubba and iRegulon. In addition, ROC analysis was employed to assess the diagnostic performance of these hub genes. Lastly, we identified 6 promising novel drugs to treat OLP through Connectivity Map. Results. We illustrated that 255 DEGs were mainly enriched in the focal adhesion pathway and metabolism pathways. Besides, Cibersort analysis showed that M1 macrophages, T follicular helper cells, and T regulatory cells are more infiltrated in OLP samples. In addition, ROC analysis demonstrated that these hub genes owned higher diagnostic value in OLP, in which SPRR1B had the highest diagnostic value. And we also predicted that SOX7 was the most relevant transcription factor of those hub genes. Lastly, through the CMap database, we identified 6 small molecules as possible treatment drugs of OLP. Conclusion. Our research identified that SPRR1B could be used as potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis of OLP. In addition, as a chronic autoimmune oral mucosal disease, OLP has different infiltration types of immune cells. Furthermore, 6 small molecules were proposed as promising novel treatment drugs for OLP patients. Therefore, our research may provide new impetus for the development of effective OLP biological treatment options.
Interaction of Mechanical Heterogeneity and Residual Stress on Mechanical Field at Crack Tips in DMWJs
Authors: Zhang Yubiao , Xue He , Zhang Shun , Wang Shuai , Sun Yuman , Zhang Yonggang , Yang Yongjie
Published: February 2022

The interaction between the mechanical heterogeneity and the residual stress in dissimilar metal welded joints (DMWJs) leads to a complex mechanical field of crack tips, which strongly affects stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behaviors. A dual-field coupling model was established by using the user-defined field (USDFLD) and the predefined stress field method based on the elastoplastic finite element method in this study. Thus, the mechanical heterogeneity and the residual stress of the DMWJ are realized. The influence of the interaction between the mechanical heterogeneity and the residual stress on the mechanical field of crack tips at different locations was investigated. The results show that the mechanical heterogeneity causes the stress and strain distribution on both sides of the crack tip asymmetry. And the residual stress affects the magnitude of the stress and strain around the crack tip. The variation trend of the stress and strain along the crack propagation with crack length is basically the same as that of the residual stress. However, the stress and strain distributions are slightly lagging behind the residual stress distribution due to the redistribution of the residual stress caused by the crack propagation. In addition, the stress and strain range of cracks at different positions with crack length are also different.
Evaluation of Soil Quality for Different Types of Land Use Based on Minimum Dataset in the Typical Desert Steppe in Ningxia, China
Authors: Tian Ying , Xu Zhe , Wang Jun , Wang Zhanjun
Published: February 2022

When the grassland ecosystem is under investigation, soil quality indexes (SQIs) are constructed to evaluate soil quality substantially, especially in desert grasslands and other ecologically fragile areas. This research used the total dataset (TDS), minimum dataset (MDS), approaches dealing with selecting better indexes, and scoring methods utilizing linear and nonlinear expressions to assess the typical desert grasslands in Yanchi County, Ningxia, China. The utilization of four different lands such as forestland (FL), shrubland (SL), natural restoration grassland (GL), and abandoned farmland (AL) in the study area were researched. Physical, chemical, and biological indicators, a total number of twenty, were measured. Principal component analysis and norm values were used to select indicators based on the MDS. The results suggested that nine soil indicators, namely, soil water content (WC), total soil porosity (TP), percentage of soil sand (sand), percentage of soil clay (clay); soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN), available nitrogen (AN), urease activity (UA), and catalase activity (CA) were selected for the MDS. The distribution of the SQI in the types of land use was similar concerning the two evaluation methods. The nonlinear scoring method utilizing the MDS was found the most proper to compute the SQI since the maximum F statistics, coefficient of variation (CV), and correlation results are obtained. The SQI outcomes that were ranked concerning the types of land use were found to be shrubland (SL) > natural restoration grassland (GL) > abandoned farmland (AL) > forestland (FL). In the four types of soil, shrub afforestation can be used as a beneficial ecological measure to restore the soil quality of typical desert grasslands in the research area.
Incorporating Transformers and Attention Networks for Stock Movement Prediction
Authors: Li Yawei , Lv Shuqi , Liu Xinghua , Zhang Qiuyue
Published: February 2022

Predicting stock movements is a valuable research field that can help investors earn more profits. As with time‐series data, the stock market is time‐dependent and the value of historical information may decrease over time. Accurate prediction can be achieved by mining valuable information with words on social platforms and further integrating it with actual stock market conditions. However, many methods still cannot effectively dig deep into hidden information, integrate text and stock prices, and ignore the temporal dependence. Therefore, to solve the above problems, we propose a transformer‐based attention network framework that uses historical text and stock prices to capture the temporal dependence of financial data. Among them, the transformer model and attention mechanism are used for feature extraction of financial data, which has fewer applications in the financial field, and effective analysis of key information to achieve an accurate prediction. A large number of experiments have proved the effectiveness of our proposed method. The actual simulation experiment verifies that our model has practical application value.
Differential Lung Protective Capacity of Exosomes Derived from Human Adipose Tissue, Bone Marrow, and Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Sepsis-Induced Acute Lung Injury
Authors: Deng Huimin , Zhu Lina , Zhang Yiguo , Zheng Li , Hu Song , Zhou Wenyu , Zhang Tong , Xu Wenting , Chen Yuanli , Zhou Huanping , Li Quanfu , Wei Juan , Yang Hao , Lv Xin
Published: February 2022

Exosomes derived from human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have the capacity to regulate various biological events associated with sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), including cellular immunometabolism, the production of proinflammatory cytokines, allowing them to exert therapeutic effects. However, little is known about which type of hMSC-derived exosomes (hMSC-exo) is more effective and suitable for the treatment of sepsis-induced ARDS. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of hMSC-derived exosomes from human adipose tissue (hADMSC-exo), human bone marrow (hBMMSC-exo), and human umbilical cord (hUCMSC-exo) in the treatment of sepsis-induced ARDS. We cocultured lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells with the three kinds of hMSCs and found that all hMSCs reduced the glycolysis level and the content of lactic acid in macrophages. Accordingly, the expression of proinflammatory cytokines also decreased. Notably, the protective effects of hMSCs from adipose tissue were more obvious than those of bone marrow and umbilical cord hMSCs. However, this protective effect was eliminated when an exosome inhibitor, GW4869, was added. Subsequently, we extracted and cocultured hMSC-derived exosomes with LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and found that all three kinds of exosomes exerted a similar protective effect as their parental cells, with exosomes from adipose hMSCs showing the strongest protective effect. Finally, an experimental sepsis model in mice was established, and we found that all three types of hMSCs have obvious lung-protective effects, in reducing lung injury scores, lactic acid, and proinflammatory cytokine levels in the lung tissues and decreasing the total protein content and inflammatory cell count in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and also can attenuate the systemic inflammatory response and improve the survival rate of mice. Intravenous injection of three types of hMSC-exo, in particular those derived from adipose hADMSCs, also showed lung-protective effects in mice. These findings revealed that exosomes derived from different sources of hMSCs can effectively downregulate sepsis-induced glycolysis and inflammation in macrophages, ameliorate the lung pathological damage, and improve the survival rate of mice with sepsis. It is worth noting that the protective effect of hADMSC-exo is better than that of hBMMSC-exo and hUCMSC-exo.
Efficacy of Dexamethasone versus Dexmedetomidine Combined with Local Anaesthetics in Brachial Plexus Block: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Authors: Li Ming , Zhang Pinghu , Wei Duangao
Published: March 2022

Background. Both dexamethasone and dexmedetomidine are commonly used local anaesthetic adjuvants in brachial plexus block to enhance the blocking effect. However, it is unclear which of the two drugs is more effective in a brachial plexus block. This article compares the effects of dexamethasone and dexmedetomidine combined with local anaesthetics in brachial plexus block through meta-analysis, availing information for current practice and future research. Methods. We conducted a search of the PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases to identify studies investigating the effects of dexamethasone and dexmedetomidine combined with local anaesthetics on brachial plexus block. The databases were searched from their inception to October 2021. Clinical randomized controlled trials were included. Two researchers independently conducted literature screening. The Cochrane System Review Manual was adopted for literature quality evaluation, whereas Stata 14.0 software aided in the meta-analysis. The duration of analgesia was the primary outcome indicator; whereas, the secondary outcome indicators included the duration of sensory block and motor block. Results. Seven articles were analysed, including 465 patients. Compared to the dexmedetomidine group, the dexamethasone group exhibited longer durations of analgesia (WMD = 111.29, 95% CI: 16.49–206.10,

P

 = 0.021), sensory block (WMD = 173.20, 95% CI: 86.69–259.71,

P

 < 0.0001), and motor block (WMD = 121.03, 95% CI: 12.87–229.20,

P

 = 0.028). Conclusion. The present meta-analysis results affirm that dexamethasone is a better local anaesthetic adjuvant in brachial plexus block that enhances the blocking effect. Nevertheless, the existing heterogeneity warrants additional large-scale, multicentre, high-quality randomized controlled trials in the future for further verification and to provide more reliable clinical evidence.
MTAL: A Novel Chinese Herbal Medicine Classification Approach with Mutual Triplet Attention Learning
Authors: Hao Wangli , Han Meng , Li Shancang , Li Fuzhong
Published: February 2022

Chinese herbal medicine classification is a critical task in medication distribution and intelligent medicine, as well as a significant topic in computer vision. However, the majority of contemporary mainstream techniques are semiautomatic, with low efficiency and performance. To tackle this problem, a novel Chinese herbal medicine classification approach, Mutual Triplet Attention Learning (MTAL), is proposed. The motivation of our approach is to leverage a group of student networks to learn collaboratively and teach each other about cross-dimension dependencies throughout the training process, with the goal of quickly gaining strong feature representations and improving the outcomes. The results of the experiments show that MTAL outperforms other models in terms of accuracy and computation time. MTAL, in particular, improves accuracy by over 5.5 percent while reducing calculation time by over 50 percent.
Kahweol Protects against Acetaminophen‐Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice through Inhibiting Oxidative Stress, Hepatocyte Death, and Inflammation
Authors: Kim Jung-Yeon , Leem Jaechan , Kim Gyun Moo
Published: February 2022

Acetaminophen (APAP) can cause acute liver failure, but treatment options are still limited. Kahweol is the main diterpene compound of coffee and possesses antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties. Emerging evidence suggests that this natural diterpene exerts favorable effects on several inflammatory diseases. However, the action of kahweol on APAP toxicity has not been addressed. The purpose of this study was to explore whether kahweol has a protective activity against APAP‐induced hepatotoxicity and to investigate the mechanism. Administration of kahweol reduced serum levels of liver injury indicators and ameliorated histological abnormalities in APAP‐treated mice. Kahweol inhibited lipid peroxidation and nucleic acid oxidation with restoration of glutathione content and stimulation of nuclear factor erythroid‐2‐related factor 2‐dependent cellular defense system. Hepatocyte death was also decreased by kahweol, which was associated with inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Moreover, kahweol reduced hepatic levels of inflammatory mediators, inhibited nuclear factor‐κB activation, and attenuated infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages. These findings suggest that kahweol has a protective activity against APAP‐induced liver injury and this effect is related to the suppression of oxidative stress, hepatocyte death, ER stress, and inflammation.
[Retracted] Reconstruction Design of Existing Residential Buildings Based on 3D Simulation Method
Authors: Bo Wang , Mengjia Chen
Published: March 2022

The existing building reconstruction methods exist after three‐dimensional building modeling information is not complete, and the wall insulation performance improvement effect is not obvious. Therefore, a reconstruction method of existing residential buildings based on 3D simulation is proposed. This paper analyzes the present situation of energy consumption of existing residential buildings, analyzes the fuzziness characteristic in the process of testing the thermal performance of existing residential buildings by the method of spatially distributed fusion and feature extraction, uses the fuzzy equilibrium scheduling method to decompose the fuzziness characteristic scale of the thermal performance of the thermal insulation of existing residential buildings, and optimizes the design of the thermal performance of the thermal insulation transformation of existing residential buildings. The 3D simulation software is a 3D modeling tool named 3DS Max. The real‐time simulation software Unity3D engine is used to reconstruct the building scene and complete the reconstruction of existing residential buildings. The experimental results show that the information integrity of the building model reconstructed by 3D simulation technique is nearly 100%, and the insulation performance of the building wall is better.
Modelling Groundwater Flow and Contaminant Migration in Heterogeneous Fractured Media at a Municipal Solid Waste Landfill in Nanjing Lishui, China
Authors: Sun Xiaochang , Jiang Yin , Huang Yong , Su Yue , Miao Kehan
Published: February 2022

The migration of groundwater flow and contaminants in fractured medium is complicated owing to the strong heterogeneity and anisotropy of fractured rock mass. Taking the environmental restoration and groundwater protection of the Lishui domestic waste landfill in Nanjing as the background, the groundwater environmental impact assessment and prediction are conducted for the groundwater environmental pollution that may be caused by the leakage of the landfill leachate after the closure of the domestic waste landfill. The strata of the landfill site are clay-cobble gravel, strongly and moderately weathered breccia, with obvious anisotropy and significant differences in rock mass permeability. A 3D numerical model of groundwater flow and contaminant migration in the landfill area is established by integrating the hydrogeological field tests and a conceptual model in the study area. Based on the parametric inversion method, the heterogeneous anisotropic permeability coefficient of the fractured medium is calibrated, and the temporal and spatial migration characteristics of contaminants such as ammonia nitrogen and mercury are predicted using the corrected model under the normal and failure conditions of the antiseepage curtain. The calculated results show that when the antiseepage fails, the maximum migration distances of contaminants in the horizontal direction after 100 days in the old and new landfills are 7.66 m and 15.64 m, respectively, and the maximum migration distances after 20 years are 192.5 m and 113.89 m, respectively. The migration direction and distances of contaminants are consistent with the hydrogeological conditions of the study area. The model calculation results provide a corresponding basis for the antiseepage control of contaminants.
Detection of Emotion of Speech for RAVDESS Audio Using Hybrid Convolution Neural Network
Authors: Puri Tanvi , Soni Mukesh , Dhiman Gaurav , Ibrahim Khalaf Osamah , alazzam Malik , Raza Khan Ihtiram
Published: February 2022

Every human being has emotion for every item related to them. For every customer, their emotion can help the customer representative to understand their requirement. So, speech emotion recognition plays an important role in the interaction between humans. Now, the intelligent system can help to improve the performance for which we design the convolution neural network (CNN) based network that can classify emotions in different categories like positive, negative, or more specific. In this paper, we use the Ryerson Audio-Visual Database of Emotional Speech and Song (RAVDESS) audio records. The Log Mel Spectrogram and Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCCs) were used to feature the raw audio file. These properties were used in the classification of emotions using techniques, such as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM), CNNs, Hidden Markov models (HMMs), and Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). For this paper, we have divided the emotions into three sections for males and females. In the first section, we divide the emotion into two classes as positive. In the second section, we divide the emotion into three classes such as positive, negative, and neutral. In the third section, we divide the emotions into 8 different classes such as happy, sad, angry, fearful, surprise, disgust expressions, calm, and fearful emotions. For these three sections, we proposed the model which contains the eight consecutive layers of the 2D convolution neural method. The purposed model gives the better-performed categories to other previously given models. Now, we can identify the emotion of the consumer in better ways.
Classification of COVID‐19 and Influenza Patients Using Deep Learning
Authors: Aftab Muhammad , Amin Rashid , Koundal Deepika , Aldabbas Hamza , Alouffi Bader , Iqbal Zeshan
Published: March 2022

Coronavirus (COVID‐19) is a deadly virus that initially starts with flu‐like symptoms. COVID‐19 emerged in China and quickly spread around the globe, resulting in the coronavirus epidemic of 2019–22. As this virus is very similar to influenza in its early stages, its accurate detection is challenging. Several techniques for detecting the virus in its early stages are being developed. Deep learning techniques are a handy tool for detecting various diseases. For the classification of COVID‐19 and influenza, we proposed tailored deep learning models. A publicly available dataset of X‐ray images was used to develop proposed models. According to test results, deep learning models can accurately diagnose normal, influenza, and COVID‐19 cases. Our proposed long short‐term memory (LSTM) technique outperformed the CNN model in the evaluation phase on chest X‐ray images, achieving 98% accuracy.
Design of the Higher Education System Based on Parallel Association Rules Algorithm
Authors: Xu Yi , Zhou Feng
Published: March 2022

Aiming at improving the quality of online education, a higher education system based on parallel association rules algorithm is designed. In this study, the functional structure module of the system is divided into six modules, namely, the home page module, course module, teacher module, student module, administrator module, and personal center, so as to carry out a comprehensive treatment for students, teaching, and education resources. On the basis of mining the data association rules of the education system, the parallel association rules algorithm is used to identify and analyze the original data of the system, so as to fundamentally improve the ability of the system to process data and complete the personalized recommendation of educational resources and teaching evaluation feedback. Experiments show that the design system has greater information throughput, a short response time, and a resource utilization rate of more than 90%. In addition, the audio teaching resource plays better, which proves that the system effectively achieves the design expectation.
Examining the Determinants of Patient Perception of Physician Review Helpfulness across Different Disease Severities: A Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Shah Adnan Muhammad , Muhammad Wazir , Lee KangYoon
Published: February 2022

(1) Background. Patients are increasingly using physician online reviews (PORs) to learn about the quality of care. Patients benefit from the use of PORs and physicians need to be aware of how this evaluation affects their treatment decisions. The current work aims to investigate the influence of critical quantitative and qualitative factors on physician review helpfulness (RH). (2) Methods. The data including 45,300 PORs across multiple disease types were scraped from Healthgrades.com. Grounded on the signaling theory, machine learning-based mixed methods approaches (i.e., text mining and econometric analyses) were performed to test study hypotheses and address the research questions. Machine learning algorithms were used to classify the data set with review- and service-related features through a confusion matrix. (3) Results. Regarding review-related signals, RH is primarily influenced by review readability, wordiness, and specific emotions (positive and negative). With regard to service-related signals, the results imply that service quality and popularity are critical to RH. Moreover, review wordiness, service quality, and popularity are better predictors for perceived RH for serious diseases than they are for mild diseases. (4) Conclusions. The findings of the empirical investigation suggest that platform designers should design a recommendation system that reduces search time and cognitive processing costs in order to assist patients in making their treatment decisions. This study also discloses the point that reviews and service-related signals influence physician RH. Using the machine learning-based sentic computing framework, the findings advance our understanding of the important role of discrete emotions in determining perceived RH. Moreover, the research also contributes by comparing the effects of different signals on perceived RH across different disease types.
Elevated Thyroid Autoantibodies Aggravate Stroke Severity in Euthyroidism with Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Li Jingyi , Hu Shoulong , Liu Fang , Wu Dapeng , Song Wei , Hui Miao
Published: February 2022

Introduction. Studies have indicated that immune reactions contribute to endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. It is unclear whether thyroid dysfunction or elevated thyroid autoantibodies are associated with atherosclerosis. Therefore, we investigated the influence of thyroid autoimmunity related to elevated thyroid autoantibodies on functional outcome in euthyroidism with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Methods. All patients with AIS underwent tests for thyroid function and thyroid antibodies (thyroid peroxidase antibody and thyroglobulin autoantibody). We divided the patients suffering from euthyroidism and AIS into positive thyroid autoantibody and negative thyroid autoantibody groups. Demographic profiles, risk factors, and functional outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results. Out of the total 422 patients, 50 (11.8%) were included in the positive thyroid autoantibody group. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score at admission and discharge was higher in the positive thyroid autoantibody group than the negative thyroid autoantibody group (

P
<
0.05

). In addition, there was significant difference in the mortality during hospitalizations between the two groups (

P
<
0.01

). Conclusion. This study showed that thyroid autoantibodies aggravate stroke severity in euthyroidism with AIS. We speculate that vascular damage related to thyroid autoimmunity may aggravate the increased risk of unfavorable outcomes, independent of thyroid function.
Tetrahydrofolate Alleviates the Inhibitory Effect of Oxidative Stress on Neural Stem Cell Proliferation through PTEN/Akt/mTOR Pathway
Authors: Zhang Xuyang , Liu Zhi , Yang Wenqin , Zhao Fengchun , Zhang Chao , Feng Hui , Zhou Tengyuan , Zhong Jun , Zou Yongjie , Feng Hua , Ge Hongfei , Hu Rong
Published: February 2022

Neural stem cell (NSC) proliferation is the initial step for NSC participating in neurorehabilitation after central nervous system (CNS) injury. During this process, oxidative stress is always involved in restricting the regenerative ability of NSC. Tetrahydrofolate (THF) is susceptible to oxidative stress and exhibits a high antioxidant activity. While its effect on NSC proliferation under oxidative stress condition remains obscure. Here, NSC were isolated from embryonic mice and identified using immunofluorescent staining. Meanwhile, the results showed that THF (5 μM and 10 μM) attenuated oxidative stress induced by 50 μM hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in NSC using mitochondrial hydroxyl radical detection and Western blotting assays. Afterward, administration of THF markedly alleviated the inhibitory effect of oxidative stress on NSC proliferation, which was evidenced by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8), neurosphere formation, and immunofluorescence of Ki67 assays. Thereafter, the results revealed that PTEN/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway played a pivotal role in counteracting oxidative stress to rescue the inhibitory effect of oxidative stress on NSC proliferation using Western blotting assays and gene knockdown techniques. Collectively, these results demonstrate that THF mitigates the inhibitory effect of oxidative stress on NSC proliferation via PTEN/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, which provides evidence for administrating THF to potentiate the neuro-reparative capacity of NSC in the treatment of CNS diseases with the presence of oxidative stress.