bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KAJIAN YURIDIS PENGATURAN HAK ASUH ANAK SEBAGAI AKIBAT PERCERAIAN DARI PERKAWINAN CAMPURAN DITINJAU DARI HUKUM PERDATA INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Waspada R. Jangkung Surya , Kharisma Dona Budi
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This research aims to acknowledge child custody arrangements in terms of the breakdown of a marriage due to divorce which one party is a citizen of Indonesia (WNI) and the other one is a foreign citizen (FOREIGNERS). This research is a descriptive empirical law with a qualitative approach. The data collection technique used is an interview on the Sleman State Court Judge and documents or references review. Based on the research and discussion, we know that issues that arise from mixed divorce are the place that divorce lawsuit was filed, fighting for child custody, and about child nationality. In resolving disputes over child custody, the judge uses Indonesian national law about child custody which tends to give children the right to choose who they want to be cared for. The Judge’s guideline is the priority of the child’s needs. About children nationality, Indonesian national law recognizes limited dual citizenship to children under 18 (eighteen) years old or unmarried children. When children turns 18 (eighteen) years old or after marriage, children must choose one nationality from their parents.
Keywords: Mixed Marriage; Mixed Divorce; Child Custody; Limited Dual Citizenship.

Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaturan hak asuh anak dalam putusnya perkawinan karena perceraian yang dilakukan antara suami isteri dimana salah satu pihak adalah Warga Negara Indonesia (WNI) dan pihak yang lain adalah Warga Negara Asing (WNA). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum empiris yang bersifat deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah dengan melakukan wawancara pada Hakim Pengadilan Negeri Sleman dan studi dokumen atau bahan pustakaan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan dapat diketahui bahwa problematika yang muncul dalam perceraian campuran yaitu tempat diajukannya gugatan perceraian, perebutan hak asuh anak, dan kewarganegaraan anak tersebut. Hakim Indonesia dalam menyelesaikan masalah hak asuh anak dari perceraian campuran menggunakan hukum nasional Indonesia dimana  cenderung memberikan anak hak untuk memilih dengan siapa ia ingin diasuh. Hakim berpatokan pada  kebutuhan anak yang diutamakan. Anak juga memperoleh kewarganegaraan ganda terbatas selama ia berumur dibawah 18 (delapan belas) tahun atau sebelum menikah. Anak yang telah berumur 18 (delapan belas) tahun atau sudah menikah mereka harus memilih salah satu kewarganegaraan dari orang tua mereka.
Kata kunci: Perkawinan Campuran; Perceraian Campuran; Hak Asuh Anak; Kewarganegaraan Ganda Terbatas.
PROBLEMATIKA HAK CIPTA SEBAGAI JAMINAN FIDUSIA DALAM TRANSAKSI KREDIT PERBANKAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Kurnia Prihantiwi Lidwina Tessa , Pujiyono ,
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article  has the main  problem  with  the causes  of banks  not allowing  copyright  as a Fiduciary  Guarantee in Banking Credit Transactions in Indonesia. Besides, this article aims to find out the solutions that must be done so that copyright can become a Fiduciary Guarantee. This article is empirical legal research and has a descriptive nature. The types of data used are primary and secondary. Data collection techniques used were interviews  and literature studies, then the technical analysis used was the deductive method . The results showed that several things cause copyright as a fiduciary guarantee  in bank credit transactions  not yet allowed by banks. The first cause is regulatory constraints, intellectual property rights assessment constraints such as copyright, constraints according to banking, constraints according  to the OJK, constraints  on people’s  evaluation  of copyright.  From  the various causes, the authors also describe solutions to overcome these causes so that there is a bright spot on Copyright Problems as a Fiduciary Guarantee in Banking Credit Transactions.
Keywords: Copyright; Fiduciary Guarantee; Banking Credit

Abstrak
Artikel ini memiliki pokok masalah tentang penyebab perbankan belum memperbolehkan Hak Cipta   sebagai  Jaminan  Fidusia  dalam Transaksi  Kredit  Perbankan  di Indonesia.  Selain itu artikel  ini bertujuan  untuk  mengetahui  solusi  yang  harus  dilakukan  agar Hak  Cipta  dapat menjadi  Jaminan  Fidusia.  Artikel  ini adalah  penelitian  hukum  empiris  dan memiliki  sifat deskriptif. Jenis data yang digunakan  yaitu primer dan sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan  data yang digunakan  adalah wawancara  dan studi kepustakaan,  selanjutnya  teknis analisis yang digunakan  adalah metode  deduktif.  Hasil penelitian  menunjukkan  bahwa  ada beberapa  hal yang menyebabkan hak cipta sebagai jaminan fidusia dalam transaksi kredit perbankan belum diperbolehkan oleh bank. Penyebab yang pertama adalah kendala regulasi , kendala penilaian hak kekayaan intelektual seperti hak cipta, kendala menurut perbankan, kendala menurut OJK, kendala penilaian  masyarakat  terhadap hak cipta. Dari berbagai   penyebab tersebut, penulis juga memaparkan solusi-solusi mengatasi penyebab tersebut agar ada titik terang atas Problematika Hak Cipta sebagai Jaminan Fidusia dalam Transaksi Kredit Perbankan.
Kata Kunci: Hak Cipta; Jaminan Fidusia; Kredit Perbankan
EKSEKUSI BENDA MILIK PIHAK KETIGA KETIKA DEBITUR WANPRESTASI (Studi di PT Pegadaian Cabang Nganjuk)
Authors: Windy ' , Pranoto ,
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article aims to know when the debtor does not inform the third party if the goods will be made  collateral and then the debtor is tort. This article belongs to the type of empirical research that is descriptive to provide data that is likely to be about human, state or other symptoms with a qualitative approach. The data used is primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques using data collection tools such as document study or library material, observation or observation, and interviews or interview. The results showed that the execution of the goods owned by third party debtor in PT. Nganjuk Pawn Branch can be done by parate execution, ecsekutorial title and sales under hand by means of selling pawn objects is carried out publicly according to local customs and customary requirements, which in practice in its implementation is carried out after maturity of 120 days or 4 months from the date of credit.
Keywords: Pawnshop; Pawn Object Execution; Tort

Abstrak
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ketika debitur tidak memberitahu terlebih dahulu kepada pihak  ketiga jika barangnya akan dijadikan jaminan gadai dan kemudian debitur tersebut wanprestasi. Artikel ini termasuk ke dalam jenis penelitian empiris yang bersifat deskriptif untuk memberikan data yang seteliti mungkin tentang manusia, keadaan atau gejala-gejala lainnya dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Data yang digunakan merupakan data primer dan data sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan alat pengumpulan data yaitu studi dokumen atau bahan pustaka, pengamatan atau observasi, dan wawancara atau interview. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Eksekusi Benda Gadai Milik Pihak Ketiga Debitur Wanprestasi Pada PT Pegadaian Cabang Nganjuk dapat dilakukan dengan parate eksekusi, titel eksekutorial dan penjualan bawah tangan dengan cara melakukan penjualan benda gadai adalah dilakukan di hadapan umum menurut kebiasaan setempat dan persyaratan yang lazim, yang pada praktiknya dalam pelaksanaannya dilaksanakan setelah jatuh tempo 120 hari atau 4 bulan dari tanggal kredit.
Kata Kunci: Pegadaian; Eksekusi Benda Gadai; Wanprestasi
AKIBAT HUKUM MALPRAKTIK TERHADAP DOKTER DITINJAU DARI HUKUM PERDATA
Authors: Sezia Nur Aini Mutia , Suryono Arief
Published: February 2021

Abstract
The aim of this study is to find out the consequence of doing malpractice by a doctor. This case is  examined by terms of civil law. This legal study ia a prescriptive normative legal study which uses statute approach. The legal materials used in this study are primary and secondary legal sources. The data collecting technique used in this research is literature studies and document studies. The data are analyzed by deductive method, according to this study, basically the objective of civil liability is to get compensation for patient’s losses caused by the breach of contract and or unlawful action of the doctor. The breach of contract done by doctor is the unfulfilled requirements in agreed agreement. By the act against the law, the doctor can be blamed for breakin article 1365, 1367 of Civil Law. Therefore, the doctor should be responsible for compensation either materally or immaterially to the patient or family for error that cause injury and even death.
Keywords: Malpractice; Doctor; Breach of Contract; Unlawful Act.

Abstrak
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui akibat hukum dokter apabila melakukan malpraktik, dalam hukum  perdata. Penelitian hukum ini termasuk jenis penelitian hukum normatif yang bersifat preskriptif, dengan menggunakan pendekatan Peraturan Perundang-undangan. Sumber bahan hukum yang digunakan ialah bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data berupa studi kepustakaan atau studi dokumen, dengan menggunakan metode deduktif sebagai teknik analisis. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, maka pertanggungjawaban perdata pada dasarnya bertujuan memperoleh ganti rugi yang di derita oleh pasien karena adanya wanprestasi dan/perbuatan melanggar hukum dari tindakan dokter. Wanprestasi yang dilakukan dokter adalah dengan tidak memenuhinya syarat yang tertera dalam perjanjian yang telah disepakati. Sedangkan dalam perbuatan melanggar hukum, dokter dapat dipersalahkan apabila melanggar pasal 1365, 1367 Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Perdata. Oleh karena itu, dokter harus bertanggung jawab atas perbuatannya berupa pengganti kerugian baik materiil maupun immateriil terhadap pasien atau keluarga atas kesalahan atau kelalaian yang mengakibatkan pasien cidera atau bahkan meninggal dunia.
Kata Kunci: Malpraktik; Dokter; Wanprestasi; Perbuatan Melawan Hukum
PROBLEMATIKA HUKUM ARBITRASE ONLINE MENURUT UU NO. 30 TAHUN 1999 TENTANG ARBITRASE DAN ALTERNATIF PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA
Authors: Bagaskara Aji Ilham , Pujiyono ,
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article describes and examines the problem, first, the legal standing of the Arbitration Online  according to Law No. 30 of 1999 concerning Arbitration and Alternative Dispute Resolution. Secondly, there are legal problems if online arbitration is carried out in Indonesia. This research is prescriptive normative legal research. Types of data and sources of research material include primary and secondary legal materials. The data collection technique used is the study of literature and through Cyber media, furthermore the technical analysis used is the deductive method. The results show that online arbitration can actually be carried out in Indonesia. Through Law No. 11 of 2008 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions that were changed using Law No. 19 of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law No. 11 of 2008 and Government Regulation No. 71 of 2019 concerning the Implementation of Electronic Transactions and Systems the government has provided the means and foundation for carrying out online arbitration. Online arbitration has advantages in the speed and efficiency of dispute resolution times. However, online Aribtrase also has some disadvantages such as how to registering decisions in court, the presence of witnesses in court, piracy and hacking, and unequal electronic means.
Keywords: Alternative Dispute Resolution; Online Arbitration; Electronic Document; Law No. 30 of 1999

Abstrak
Artikel ini ini mendeskripsikan dan mengkaji permasalahan, pertama, kedudukan hukum Arbitrase  Online menurut UU No. 30 Tahun 1999 tentang Arbitrase dan Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa. Kedua, problem hukum apabila arbitrase online dilaksanakan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif bersifat preskriptif. Jenis data dan sumber bahan penelitian meliputi bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan dan melalui Cyber media, selanjutnya teknis analisis yang digunakan adalah metode deduktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa arbitrase online sebenarnya sudah dapat dilaksanakan di Indonesia. Melalui Undang- Undang No. 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elekronik yang diubah menggunakan Undang- Undang No. 19 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang- Undang No. 11 Tahun 2008 serta Peraturan Pemerintah No. 71 Tahun 2019 tentang Pelaksanaan Sistem dan Transaksi Elektronik pemerintah telah memberikan sarana dan landasan untuk melaksanakan arbitrase online. Arbitrase online memiliki kelebihan dalam kecepatan dan efisiensi waktu penyelesaian sengketa. Akan tetapi arbitrase online juga memiliki beberapa kekurangan seperti bagaimana pendaftaran putusan di pengadilan, kehadiran para saksi dalam persidangan, pembajakan dan peretasan, dan sarana elektronik yang kurang merata.
Kata Kunci: Alternatif Penyelesaian Sengketa; Arbitrase Online; Dokumen Digital; UU No. 30 Tahun 1999
El basamento metamórfico en el sector oriental del Sistema Central: evolución tectonotermal varisca
Authors: Moreno Martín Diana , Díez Fernández Rubén
Published: February 2021

El basamento metamórfico del sector occidental de la Península Ibérica se configuró durante la Orogenia Varisca, fruto de la colisión entre Gondwana, Laurrusia y otros terrenos peri-continentales adyacentes que dio lugar a Pangea. Este basamento forma parte de la microplaca ibérica y se deformó durante la Orogenia Alpina junto con el resto de rocas sedimentarias del Mesozoico. El análisis tectonometamórfico del registro varisco en el sector oriental del Sistema Central, junto con datos regionales previos, y un análisis de las deformaciones alpinas sobreimpuestas, han permitido la reconstrucción local de la evolución tectónica ligada al ensamblado del último supercontinente. La primera fase de deformación corresponde con el engrosamiento cortical generado en los comienzos de la colisión continental, y se preserva en forma de relictos minerales formados durante este proceso. A la segunda fase se le atribuye la formación de la foliación principal, que está ligada al desarrollo de una zona de cizalla dúctil extensional responsable de la atenuación del sobreengrosamiento cortical previo, así como del reequilibrio térmico. La tercera fase de deformación produce pliegues erguidos y un clivaje de crenulación a partir de la foliación principal, y tiene lugar en un momento en el que la colisión continental de Gondwana y Laurrusia prosigue.
Establishing a SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Drive-Through Collection Site: A Community-Based Participatory Research Partnership With a Federally Qualified Health Center
Authors: Brewer LaPrincess C. , Woods Cynthia , Patel Aarti , Weis Jennifer , Jones Clarence , Abbenyi Adeline , Brockman Tabetha A. , Sia Irene G. , Berbari Elie , Crane Sarah , Doubeni Chyke A. ,   for the FAITH! Community Steering Committee COVID-19 Task Force
Published: February 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately affected underserved and minority populations in the United States. This is partially attributable to limited access to diagnostic testing from deeply rooted structural inequities precipitating higher infection and mortality rates. We describe the process of establishing a drive-through collection site by leveraging an academic–community partnership between a medical institution and a federally qualified health center in Minnesota. Over 10 weeks, 2006 COVID-19 tests were provided to a socioeconomically disadvantaged population of racial/ethnic minorities and low-income essential workers.
Analysis of Excess Deaths During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the State of Florida
Authors: Tatar Moosa , Habibdoust Amir , Wilson Fernando A.
Published: February 2021

Objectives. To determine the number of excess deaths (i.e., those exceeding historical trends after accounting for COVID-19 deaths) occurring in Florida during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods. Using seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average time-series modeling and historical mortality trends in Florida, we forecasted monthly deaths from January to September of 2020 in the absence of the pandemic. We compared estimated deaths with monthly recorded total deaths (i.e., all deaths regardless of cause) during the COVID-19 pandemic and deaths only from COVID-19 to measure excess deaths in Florida.

Results. Our results suggest that Florida experienced 19 241 (15.5%) excess deaths above historical trends from March to September 2020, including 14 317 COVID-19 deaths and an additional 4924 all-cause, excluding COVID-19, deaths in that period.

Conclusions. Total deaths are significantly higher than historical trends in Florida even when accounting for COVID-19–related deaths. The impact of COVID-19 on mortality is significantly greater than the official COVID-19 data suggest.
MANAGEMENT COMPETENCY AND ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION OF THE 60-YOUNG VILLAGERS IN A PART OF SLOPE OF MT. ARJUNA EAST JAVA INDONESIA
Authors:   Darma Cendika Catholic University, PURBA Lasman , HERMANTO Yustinus ,   Darma Cendika Catholic University
Published: February 2021

Our interest is to explore such a characteristics of the young villagers who live in the slope of Mountain Arjuna, East Java Province of Indonesia prior to their existing management competency and existing entrepreneurial intention.
POTENTIAL FOR ELECTRIC CONSUMPTION MANAGEMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF AN ISOLATED ENERGY SYSTEM IN A REMOTE POPULATION
Authors:   Saint Petersburg Mining University, ZHUKOVSKY Yuri , LAVRIK Alexander ,   Saint Petersburg Mining University, VASILKOV Oleg ,   Saint Petersburg Mining University, SEMENYUK Alexandra ,   Saint Petersburg Mining University
Published: February 2021

The aim of this work is to develop approaches for a methodology creation that allows estimate preliminary assessment of the power consumption management potential in the absence of experimental data on the object under actual load study. Analysis of diesel power plants operating modes in such systems showed that diesel generators often operate in suboptimal load ranges, which leads to increased diesel fuel consumption, reduction in diesel generators service life andas a result of poor diesel fuelcombustion in the cylinders or increased mechanical parts wear, etc. At the same time, electricity demand management technology used in large centralized power supply systems in some countries of the world can be adapted for use in isolated low power systems. Considering that diesel power plants are the sources of distributed generation in the power systems of hard-to-reach facilities in mountainous areas, demand management will allow to align the daily load schedule, plan the loading, start-ups and stops of diesel generators to improve the technical, economic and environmental performance of the entire complex. This paper proposes a technique that allows estimate preliminary assessment of the object shiftable electrical load share on the basis of "base" data about a typical similar object. The initial data isthe average electrical load daily schedules for each month of the studied object, for example, a settlement. The schedule of non-shiftable partof the studied object load is constructed by scaling the base non-shiftable load schedule depending on the selected method: the series values of base schedule can be multiplied by a coefficient so that one of the base schedule values becomes equal to the corresponding series value of the studied object load schedule, and other base schedule values were less than or equal to the corresponding values. According to the second method the base schedule values can be multiplied by a coefficient so that the series values at the selected hour (for example, evening maximum) were equal to the corresponding series value of the studied object load schedule. An example of methodology application is shown to estimate the demand response potential for electricity in the Amderma settlementresidential sector in Arkhangelsk region. It also shows the calculation results of technical, economic and environmental effect of the demand side management technology, due to electric load schedule alignment and, as a result, diesel generators operationin modes close to optimal.
PERSPECTIVES OF APPLYING WEBRTC FOR REMOTE-CONTROLLED MINING EQUIPMENT
Authors:   Software Developer in “Infobip” Ltd, KRAVTSOV Alexey , ANISCHENKO Vasily ,   «Spetsmodulproekt» Ltd, ATRUSHKEVICH Victor ,   North Caucasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (State Technological University), PYTALEV Ivan ,   Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University
Published: February 2021

Currently a lot of mining companies, such as Caterpillar, Sandvik, Atlas Copco and Komatsu are developing solutions for machines remote control and mining process automation. The purpose of these technologies is to increase labor efficiency and safety. Solutions for remote control should establish secure connection and transfer data with low latency – this could be implemented with WebRTC technology. Several problems were revealed during open data analysis of Cisco, Sandvik, Moxa and Acksys remote control solutions – using of expensive IP-cameras, sophisticated network and security design. WebRTC could solve these and several other problems. WebRTC operation principles reviewed further: initial information exchange via signaling server, use of ICE for discovering shortest path between peers and establishing peer-topeer connection. This could simplify network design and allow to use more cheap USB cameras instead of IP-cameras. For security reasons WebRTC encrypts transmitted data with DTLS and SRTP algorithms. Encryption key fingerprints are exchanged over signaling server; after connection establishment, peers are exchanging keys itself over discovered route. But WebRTC specification does not define peer to signaling server communication, which may lead to breach in unsecure data channel, especially man-in-the-middle attack. To prevent this, software engineer should ensure that connection with signaling server is secure. Mining machine model was developed to test data transmission latency. In this model, Raspberry Pi single-board computer is responsible for wireless connection, video encoding and commands processing. Received commands are passed to Arduino controller, which operates electric engines controller. Three remote control scenarios were tested – model is near the operator and in direct line of sight; model is near operator, but not in direct line of sight; model and operator are far away from each other (over 1600 km), model controlled over Internet. Test results shows that transmission latency does not exceed 300 ms, which is suitable for real-time remote driving.
Protein engineering in the big data era: harnessing near-redundant structural data
Authors: Flores Samuel Coulbourn , Alexiou Athanasios , Glaros Anastasios
Published: February 2021

Motivation: Predicting the effect of mutations on protein-protein interactions is important for relating structure to function, as well as for in silico affinity maturation. The effect of mutations on protein-protein binding energy (ΔΔG) can be predicted by a variety of atomic simulation methods involving full or limited flexibility, and explicit or implicit solvent. Methods which consider only limited flexibility are naturally more economical, and many of them are quite accurate, however results are dependent on the atomic coordinate set used. In this work we perform a sequence and structure based search of the Protein Data Bank to find additional coordinate sets and repeat the calculation on each.Results: . We improve increase precision and Positive Predictive Value, and decrease Root Mean Square Error and higher Positive Predictive Value, compared to using single structures. Given the ongoing growth of near-redundant structures in the Protein Data Bank, our method will only increase in applicability and accuracy.Availability: Public web server at biodesign.scilifelab.se
Production of Xanthan Gum by Xanthomonas Campestris CCT 13951 Submerged Fermentation on hydrolysed agroindustrial by-products
Authors: Santos Joice Correia , Coêlho Diego de Freitas , Tambourgi Elias Basile , Silva Gabriel Francisco Da , Souza Roberto Rodrigues
Published: February 2021

Xanthan is a natural polymer often obtained through fermentative processes using Xanthomonas, which remarkable properties - including biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-toxicity – fit a myriad of industrial applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different alternative fermentable substrates derived from agro-industrial waste (cheese whey and passion fruit peel), the production and rheological properties of the gum. The fermented substrate composition had a strong impact on production (8.15–14.81 g∙L-1) and apparent viscosity (31.9–510 mPa.s). The maximum xanthan gum production was observed after 72 h using cheese whey and passion fruit peel acid hydrolysate supplemented with K2HPO4 (AH:W – Phosphate). However, the maximum viscosity was found for medium without supplementation (AH:W), twice the value of the samples supplemented with phosphate. All solutions were highly pseudoplastic. This study provides a cost-effective solution for the reusing of cheese whey and passion fruit peel and possible low-cost approach for xanthan production. .
Rhythmic regulation of DNA methylation factors and core-clock genes in brain structures activated by cocaine or sucrose
Authors: Saad Lamis , Kalsbeek Andries , Zwiller Jean , Anglard Patrick
Published: February 2021

The circadian system interacts with the mesocorticolimbic reward system to modulate reward and memory in a time-of-day dependent manner. The circadian discrimination of reward however remains difficult to address between natural reinforcers and drugs of abuse. Circadian rhythms control cocaine sensitization and conversely cocaine causes long-term alteration in circadian periodicity in part through the serotonergic neurotransmission. Since neural circuits activated by cocaine and natural reinforcers do not completely overlap, we compared the effect of cocaine with that of sucrose, a strong reinforcer in rodents, by using passive chronic administration. The expression of fifteen genes playing a major role in DNA methylation (Dnmts, Tets), circadian rhythms (Clock, Bmal1, Per1/2, Cry1/2, Rev-Erbβ, Dbp1), appetite and satiety (Orexin, Npy) was analyzed in dopamine projection areas like the prefrontal cortex, the caudate putamen, and the hypothalamus interconnected with the reward system. The corresponding proteins of two genes (Orexin, Per2) were examined by IHC. For many factors controlling various biological functions, striking opposite responses were found between the two reinforcers. Global DNA methylation analysis showed that cocaine increased, while sucrose decreased the cytosine methylation content. The data are consistent with a repression of critical core-clock genes by cocaine, suggesting that consequently both agents differentially modulate day/night cycles. Whether cocaine-induced changes are long lasting, or contribute to the establishment of drug addiction requires further neuroepigenetic investigation. Understanding the mechanisms dissociating drugs of abuse from natural reinforcers remains a prerequisite for the design of selective therapeutic tools for compulsive behaviors.
Role of weak magnetic field for enhanced oxidation of orange G by magnetic Fenton
Authors: Shi Zhenyu , Zhang Ruijia , Zhang Jing
Published: February 2021

The role of weak magnetic field (WMF) on the degradation of a common textile azo-dye, orange G (OG), by magnetic Fenton system was investigated in detail. The results showed that the presence of WMF can provide better performance of the Fe3O4/H2O2 system for OG degradation. The optimized reaction conditions were contained at 1 mM Fe3O4 as Fe, 20 mT of magnetic field intensity, 20 mM H2O2 and initial pH of 3.0. The removal efficiency of OG by Fe3O4/H2O2 coupling with WMF increased largely from 56.3–82.3% compared with Fe3O4/H2O2 process. Both the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis and the quenching effect of tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) confirmed that hydroxyl radical (•OH) was the primary reactive oxygen species in WMF-Fe3O4/H2O2 system. The improving effect of WMF was explained by the magnetoconvection theory. The presence of WMF could accelerate the corrosion rate of Fe3O4 and thus promoted the release of Fe(II), which leaded to the increased production of •OH and enhanced the degradation of OG. Moreover, it was surprising to observe that the WMF induced improvement in OG degradation by heterogeneous Fenton involving the iron sludge, namely FeOOH and Fe2O3, as catalysts. These results indicated that WMF could be utilized as an efficient and cost effective strategy to improve the removal of organic pollutants by iron oxide-based Fenton process.
Circulating miRNA biomarkers for sporadic Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: a systematic meta-analysis and empirical validation
Authors: Daneshafrooz Narges , Joghataei Mahammad Taghi , Mehdizadeh Mehdi , Alavi Afagh , Barati Mahmood , Teimourian Shahram , Zamani Babak
Published: February 2021

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a lethal neurodegenerative disease that occurs as sporadic (sALS) in most cases. The disease is not curable, and its pathogenesis is not understood as yet. Given the intricacy of underlying molecular interactions and heterogeneity of ALS, the discovery of molecules contributing to disease onset and progression will open the way for advancement in prevention and therapeutic intervention. Here we conducted a meta-analysis of 12 circulating miRNA profiling studies using the robust rank aggregation (RRA) method, followed by enrichment analysis. We identified miR-451a and let-7f-5p as meta-signature miRNAs whose targets are involved in critical pathogenic pathways underlying ALS, including FoxO, MAPK, and apoptosis. A systematic review of 7 gene profiling studies elucidated that 241 genes upregulated in sALS circulation with concomitant being targets of the meta-signature miRNAs. Protein-protein interaction network analysis for selected targets revealed the main subcluster is involved in multiple cascades, which eventually leads to apoptosis. Besides, evaluation of relative expression of miRNAs by TaqMan RT-qPCR verified let-7f-5p is significantly downregulated in the plasma of patients. Furthermore, we verified the relative expression of two top-ranked upregulated miRNAs and found miR-338-3p significantly upregulated in ALS patients. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated that let-7f-5p and miR-338-3p are useful plasms biomarkers for diagnosis and a potential therapeutic target for ALS disease.
Development and validation of the MARA scale in Spanish to assess knowledge, risks and barriers relating to breast cancer prevention
Authors: Martínez-Urqujo Andrea , Postigo Alvaro , Cuesta Marcelino , Mar Fernández Alvarez Maria del , Martin-Payo Ruben
Published: February 2021

Objective
The aim of this study was to develop a measurement instrument for assessing knowledge of breast cancer and perceived risk of developing the disease (MARA).
Methods
641 women with a mean age of 36.19 years (SD = 7.49) was used. Data collection took place during 2019 and included sociodemographic data, data on history of cancer and breast cancer and perceived risk and feelings of concern about developing breast cancer. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, and structural validity were tested.
Results
The questionnaire items comprise 4 subscales: risk factors; signs and symptoms; perceived risk; barriers. A factor analysis revealed that the first two subscales had two dimensions each, whereas the other two subscales had one dimension each. Each subscale was shown to have adequate reliability (α = 0.74–0.92) and temporal stability (r = 0.201–0.906), as well as strong evidence of validity in relation to a questionnaire on breast cancer knowledge (r = 0.131–0.434). In addition, the subscales were shown to have high discriminatory power in terms of the presence or absence of a history of cancer or breast cancer, perceived risk, and feelings of concern.
Conclusion
The MARA questionnaire exhibits adequate psychometric properties for assessing knowledge of breast cancer as required in research and professional contexts.
TSP, a virulent Podovirus can control the growth of Staphylococcus aureus till 12 hours
Authors: Tabassum Rabia , Alvi Iqbal Ahmed , Asif Muhammad , Basit Abdul , Rehman Shafiq ur
Published: February 2021

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a prevailing nosocomial pathogen that causes a large number of diseases in healthcare and community settings. The MRSA causes infections in different tissues of immunocompromised individuals leading to increased morbidity and mortality. It possess various virulence mechanisms to show resistance against to a lot of beta-lactam antibiotics. To tackle this emerging issue of MRSA, there is an urgent need of antibiotic alternatives and utilizing lytic bacteriophages is one of the best promising therapeutic approach. In the present study, a lytic bacteriophage TSP was isolated from hospital wastewater against MRSA. Its morphology, physiology, host specificity, burst size and lytic spectrum were determined and complete genome sequence was analyzed. TSP phage efficiently inhibit bacterial growth for up to 12 hours. TSP phage showed broad lytic spectrum against clinical isolates of MRSA (78%) and MSSA (37%). It showed stability at varying temperatures (25ºC, 37ºC) and pH (5–9), while its maximum storage stability was observed at 4ºC. It had short latent period (20min) and high burst size (103 PFU/ infected cell). TSP genome sequence and restriction analysis revealed that its genome is linear having 17,987 bp in length with an average GC content of 29.7%. The TSP genome showed 98% similarity to S aureus phages SCH1, SCH11 and vB SauP-436A1. According to comparative genomic analysis and phylogenetic tree analysis, TSP phage can be considered as a member of genus “P68viruses”. The strong lytic activity, broad host range and short latent period along with absence of any lysogenic and toxic genes make TSP a very good candidate for phage therapy against MRSA infections if prove safe during in vivo studies.
Development and Validation of a New Algorithm Model for Differential Diagnosis Between Crohn's Disease and Intestinal Tuberculosis: A Combination of Laboratory, Imaging and Endoscopic Characteristics
Authors: Lu Yi , Chen Yonghe , Peng Xiang , Yao Jiayin , Zhong Weijie , Li Chujun , Zhi Min
Published: February 2021

Background: Sometimes in clinical practice, it was a great challenge to distinguish Crohn's disease (CD) and intestinal tuberculosis (ITB), we conducted this study was to identify simple and useful algorithm for distinguishing them.Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical history of the patients who were diagnosed as ITB or CD. We firstly identified ITB patients, and then the patients diagnosed with CD were matched by age, sex, and admission time in a 1:1 ratio. Patients who admitted between May 1, 2013 and April 30, 2019 were regarded as training cohort, and patients admitted between May 1, 2019 and May 1, 2020 were regarded as validation cohort. We used multivariate analysis to identify the potential variables, and then we used R package rpart to build the classification and regression tree (CART), and validated the newly developed model.Results: In total, the training cohort included 84 ITB and 84 CD patients, the validation cohort included 22 ITB and 22 CD patients. Multivariate analysis showed that, positive T-SPOT, ≥4 segments involved, longitudinal ulcer, circular ulcer, and aphthous ulcer were confirmed as independent discriminating factors. Using these parameters to build the CART model made an overall accuracy rate was 88.64%, with sensitivity, specificity, NPV, and PPV being 90.91%, 86.36%, 90.48% and 86.96%, respectively.Conclusion: We developed a simple and novel algorithm model covering laboratory, imaging, and endoscopy parameters with CART to differentiate ITB and CD with good accuracy.
Polystyrene microplastics induce blood-testis barrier disruption regulated by MAPK-Nrf2 signaling pathway in rats
Authors: Li Shengda , Wang Qimeng , Yu Hui , Yang Long , Sun Yiqing , Xu Ning , Wang Nana , Lei Zhimin , Hou Junyu , Jin Yinchuan , Zhang Hongqin , Li Lianqin , Xu Feibo , Zhang Lianshuang
Published: February 2021

As a persistent organic pollutant, microplastics (MPs) have been reported to induce sperm quantity decrease in male rats. However, the related mechanism remains obscure. Therefore, this study is intended to explore the effects of polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) on male reproduction and its related mechanism of blood-testis barrier (BTB) impairment. Thirty-two adult male Wistar rats were divided randomly into four groups fed with PS-MPs for 90 days at the dose of 0 mg/d (control group), 0.015 mg/d, 0.15 mg/d and 1.5 mg/d respectively. The present results have showed that PS-MPs exposure led to the damage of seminiferous tubule, resulted in apoptosis of spermatogenic cell and decreased the motility and concentration of sperm, while the abnormality of sperm was elevated. Meanwhile, PS-MPs could induce oxidative stress and activate p38 MAPK pathway and thus deplete the nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2). Noteworthily, the adverse effect of PS-MPs on BTB is only significant in 0.15 mg/d and 1.5 mg/d groups ,which demonstrated that high-dose PS-MPs exposure may lead to the destruction of BTB integrity and the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells through the activation of MAPK-Nrf2 pathway. The current study provided novelty evidence for elucidating the effects of PS-MPs on male reproductive toxicity and its potential mechanism.
Design and modeling of a planar graphene structure as a terahertz cyclotron radiation source
Authors: Planillo Jordan , Alves Fabio
Published: February 2021

With incredibly high carrier mobility and saturation velocity, graphene would be an ideal candidate for a miniaturized solid-state cyclotron radiation source. A planar semicircular graphene arc geometry was investigated for emission in the 0.5 THz to 1.5 THz range. Analytical studies, confirmed by finite element simulations, show that the emitted THz frequencies are inversely proportional to the arc radius given a fixed charge-carrier velocity. The simulations show that the desired frequency spectrum can be obtained with design radii ranging from 50 nm to 150 nm. Interestingly, the radiated spectrum is independent of the frequency of the stimulation of the graphene nano-arcs. The simulations also indicate that the total output power correlates well with the Larmor formulation. The device is expected to emit 1 nW/cm2, which confirms the findings of existing research in this field. Such a design could yield a scalable and cost-effective THz source.
Effect of exposure to carbofuran on the behavior and metabolism of the Atlantic Forest lambari Deuterodon iguape (Eigenmann 1907), a native species from Brazil
Authors: Mendes Ricardo Claudionor , HENRIQUES MARCELO Barbosa , Barbieri Edison
Published: February 2021

One of the major causes of aquatic biodiversity loss is the contamination of the environment by pesticides. Although there is a considerable amount of studies on the subject, there are still few that deal with the effects of carbofuran on native species in Brazil. Although carbofuran is widely used in Brazil, its action on native organisms, such as the Atlantic Forest lambari Deuterodon iguape , has not yet been studied. This work aimed to evaluate the effects of exposure to carbofuran on the fish D. iguape , considering the behavior and specific oxygen consumption and specific ammonia excretion as end points. Opercular movements, dorsal fin movements and swimming speed were analyzed as behavioral parameters. To assess specific oxygen consumption and specific ammonia excretion, fish were subjected to concentrations of 0.0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/L, for 24 hours. For behavior analysis, fish remained exposed to carbofuran at concentrations: 0.0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.5 mg/L, in periods of 0, 2, 24 and 48 hours. The behavior was studied through filming, analyzed with the free software, Tracker 4.92 (Open Source Physics). The results showed that there was a decrease in opercular movements (-8%±2.65), in dorsal fin movements (-18.6%±2.97), as well as in swimming speed (-66.4%±1.83). There was an increase in oxygen consumption of 58.4% and ammonia excretion by 90.6% in fish exposed to the highest concentration of carbofuran. Thus, it is concluded that carbofuran altered D. iguape 's behavior, oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion. The species was sensitive to carbofuran concentrations and can be used as a bioindicator.
Closed-Loop Digital Twin for the Product Lifecycle
Authors: Durão Luiz Fernando C. S. , Zancul Eduardo , Schützer Klaus
Published: February 2021

Digital Twin advances have provided the conceptual ground for integrating a physical product with its digital representation. However, Digital Twin implementation has been focused on the beginning of life and manufacturing optimization, leaving space for developing a Digital Twin model that encompasses and connects different stages of the entire product lifecycle. In this scenario, the integration between company-internal data with real-time customers' data is still a challenge. Besides, implementing such a model in a multiplatform environment is also an open issue in the literature. This paper proposes the definition of a Closed-loop Digital Twin implemented as a middleware software that connects PLM, ERP, and MES data with customers' usage data. The proposed concept was implemented and tested in a learning factory. Results demonstrated the concept potential to consolidate product data, support data analyses, and provide insights for different stages of the product lifecycle.
Radioplasmonics: design of plasmonic milli-particles in air and absorbing media for antenna communication and human-body in-vivo applications.
Authors: Abraham-Ekeroth Ricardo Martin
Published: February 2021

Surface plasmons with MHz-GHz energies are predicted by using milliparticles made of metamaterials that behave like metals in the radiofrequency range. In this work, the so-called Radioplasmonics is exploited to design scatterers embedded in different realistic media with tunable absorption or scattering properties. High-quality scattering/absorption based on plasmon excitation is demonstrated through a few simple examples, useful to build antennas with better performance than conventional ones. Systems embedded in absorbing media as saline solutions or biological tissues are also considered to improve biomedical applications and contribute with real-time, in-vivo monitoring tools in body tissues. In this regard, any possible implementation is criticized by calculating the radiofrequency heating with full thermal simulations. As proof of the versatility offered by radioplasmonic systems, plasmon “hybridization” is used to enhance near-fields to unprecedented values or to tune resonances as in optical spectra, minimizing the heating effects. Finally, a monitorable drug-delivery in human tissue is illustrated with a hypothetical example.
This study has remarkable consequences on the conception of plasmonics at macroscales. The recently-developed concept of “spoof” plasmons achieved by complicated structures is simplified in Radioplasmonics since bulk materials with elemental geometries are considered.
Head to Head Comparison of 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) and 99mTc-MAG3 in Patients with Suspected Obstruction
Authors: Taylor Andrew , Lipowska Malgorzata , Halkar Raghuveer K.
Published: February 2021

Purpose 99mTc-tricarbonyl-nitrilotriacetic acid, 99mTc(CO)3(NTA), is a new 99mTc-renal radiopharmaceutical with a clearance equal to that of 131I-ortho-iodohippuran. Our purpose was to compare the performance of 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) and 99mTc-MAG3 in patients with suspected obstruction.Methods 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) was prepared with commercially available NTA and CRS Isolink kit, and isolated by HPLC. Eighteen adult patients referred for diuretic renography received an intravenous injection of approximately 40 mg of furosemide 15 min prior to either 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) or 99mTc-MAG3 (mean activity of 47 ± 4.4 MBq). Data were acquired for 24 minutes followed by an anterior image of the liver and gall bladder and a measure of voided volume. Patients received a second furosemide injection equal to one third of the original dose followed fifteen minutes later by administration of the alternate tracer, mean activity of 320 ± 34 MBq. Clearances were measured using a camera-based technique.Results The clearance of 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) was greater than that of 99mTc-MAG3, 331 ± 146 vs 271 ± 105 mL/min/1.73 m2, respectively, p < 0.0001. The kidney to background ratio for 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) was greater than that of 99mTc-MAG3 for both left and right kidneys, p < 0.001; the 20 min/maximum count ratio was significantly less, p < 0.0001. There was no significant difference in the voiding volumes following 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) and 99mTc-MAG3 administration, 598 ± 237 mL vs 498 ± 170 mL, respectively, p = 0.07. Gall bladder activity was not observed with 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) but was present in 6/17 99mTc-MAG3 studies. Images and renogram curves were comparable except for two patients where the 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) study excluded obstruction but the 99mTc-MAG3 study suggested an indeterminate or obstructed kidney.Conclusions Unlike 99mTc-MAG3, 99mTc(CO)3(NTA) is not eliminated via the hepatobiliary track. Moreover, 99mTc(CO)3(NTA has a higher kidney to background ratio and more rapid clearance than 99mTc-MAG3. These advantages should allow more robust camera-based clearance measurements and may lead to better discrimination between obstructed and non-obstructed kidneys.
Plasma Metabolomics Study in Lung Cancer Screening and Differential Diagnosis
Authors: Liu Zixu , Guo Lei , Liu Shuai , Du Minjun , Liang Yicheng , Li Zhili , Gao Yushun
Published: February 2021

[Objectives] By studying the plasma metabolomics of patients with different pulmonary nodules and healthy people, we can find the difference in plasma low-molecular metabolites among them. [Methods] Patients with pulmonary nodules admitted to our department were divided into three groups: pulmonary metastatic carcinoma (PMC), benign pulmonary nodules (BPN), and primary lung cancer (PLC). Meanwhile healthy people were enrolled as healthy population group (HPG). PLC and HPG were equally divided into the Discovery Set and Validation set. [Results] Five significant low-molecular metabolites were found by comparison of four groups as a whole. Four to six metabolites were selected by comparison of the three pulmonary nodule groups with healthy people respectively. The AUC of ROC of these metabolites were all＞0.93. Each pairwise comparison within the three pulmonary nodule groups all found three metabolites, whose AUC of ROC were all＞0.83. From the comparison of PLC and HPG in the discovery set, six metabolites were selected. Their AUC of ROC were all greater than 0.95 in the validation set, indicating that they had a strong ability to differentiate between primary lung cancer and healthy people. [Conclusions] We can find the significant changes of some low-molecular metabolites among three pulmonary nodules and healthy people. These metabolites had the potential to be biomarkers for screening and differential diagnosis of lung cancer.