bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phase slips extracted from derivatives of EEG data provide a deeper insight into the formation of cortical phase transitions
Authors: Ramon Ceon , Gargiulo Paolo
Published: February 2025

The phase slips are generally extracted from the EEG using Hilbert transforms but could also be extracted from the derivatives of EEG, providing additional information about the formation of cortical phase transitions. We examined this from the 30 s long, 256-channel resting state, eyes open EEG data of a 30-year-old male subject. The phase slip rates, PSR1 from EEG, PSR2 from the first-order derivative of EEG, and PSR3 from the second-order derivative of EEG, respectively, were extracted. The study was performed in the alpha (7–12 Hz) band only. The spatiotemporal plots of the EEG and phase slip rates over a 3.0 s period with a 0.5 s resolution were made with a montage layout of the 256 electrode positions. The spatiotemporal patterns of EEG and its derivatives exhibited shifting activity from posterior visual areas to the central and frontal regions over the 3.0 s period. The PSR1, PSR2, and PSR3 activity areas were different from the EEG and were distributed in larger areas as compared with the EEG and its derivatives. Also, the PSR2 and PSR3 activity areas and magnitudes were significantly different as compared with the PSR1 alone. This was also confirmed (p < 0.01) by the one-way ANOVA analysis of the means of PSR1, PSR2, and PSR3. These results show that PSR2 and PSR3 carry additional information that could potentially be biomarkers for studying the rate of formation of phase slips and the related cortical activity from the derivatives of EEG data.
Impact of a 7-day short peptide diet on gut microbiota and metabolomics in septic mice
Authors: Zuo Dan , Zuo Binyu , Wang Liuyang , Hu Dabi , Yang Yang , Chen Yong , Huang Biao
Published: February 2025

Objective

Our study aim is to explore the mechanisms of short peptide passages on intestinal dysfunction in septic mice utilizing a metabolomics approach, which provides a new scientific basis for the clinical study of sepsis.

Methods

Mices were allocated at random into four groups: control (Con), cecal ligation and puncture followed by one, three or 7 day short-peptide-based enteral nutrition group (CLP + SPEN1), (CLP + SPEN3), and (CLP + SPEN7) groups. A liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics method was used to analyze changes in serum metabolites in septic mice.

Results

Short peptides showed effectiveness in reducing symptoms, mucosal inflammation, and intestinal function damage scores in septic mice. The 16sRNA analysis showcased significant variances in the distribution of bacterial communities between the CLP + SPEN1, CLP + SPEN3, and CLP + SPEN7 groups. At the phylum level, statistically significant variances in the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes were recognized. The metabolomics analysis results showed significant separation of metabolites between the CLP + SPEN1 and CLP + SPEN3 groups, as well as significant differences in metabolite profiles between the CLP + SPEN3 and CLP + SPEN7 groups. Utilizing a differential Venn diagram, four metabolites were commonly different; 10-heptadecanoic and dodecanoic acids had statistical significance. The abundance of both dodecanoic and lactic acid bacteria was negatively associated at the genus level.

Conclusion

Short peptides were found to promote the growth of beneficial bacteria, Lactobacillus and uncultured_bacterium_f_Muribaculaceae, while reducing intestinal metabolites such as Dodecanoic acid and 10-Heptadecenoic acid. Moreover the Lactobacillus may play a significant therapeutic role in the treatment of sepsis. However, due to the limited number of experimental samples, the exact mechanism of action of short peptides awaits further confirmation.
Surgical treatment of rare peripheral nerve lesions: long-term outcomes and quality of life
Authors: Savić Andrija , Lepić Milan , Grujić Jovan , Mićić Aleksa , Stojiljković Aleksandra , Putra Gunna Hutomo , Terzić Andrej , Vujić Lazar , Rasulić Lukas
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Rare peripheral nerve lesions comprise a histologically diverse group of neoplastic and non-neoplastic entities, characterized by infrequent occurrence and variable clinical presentations, presenting significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This study presents eight cases of surgically treated rare peripheral nerve lesions with previously unreported long-term outcomes involving quality of life (QOL) assessment.

Methods

A retrospective analysis was conducted on medical records from 2012 to 2022 to identify surgically treated cases of rare peripheral nerve lesions, selecting eight cases based on determined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Long-term outcomes and QOL were assessed 12 months post-surgery by patient examination, control imaging and self-reporting questionnaires.

Results

The study included 4 benign (hemangioblastoma, angiomatoid fibrous histiocytoma, endometriosis (n=2)) and 4 malignant lesions (NTRK-rearranged spindle cell neoplasm, lymphoma, metastatic breast carcinoma (n=2)). Even though benign lesions generally presented with better outcomes, this was more closely related with level of nerve invasion and postoperative sequele, rather than presence of malignancy.

Discussion

Because of a global lack of experience in handling such cases, this study aimed to present the cases we encountered in detail to serve as a basis for future literature reviews. The findings highlight the importance of individualized treatment strategies and long-term follow-up to optimize functional recovery and patient well-being.
Diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging for malignant ovarian tumors mis-subclassified by the ultrasound-based ADNEX model
Authors: Jiang Meijiao , Yuan Congcong , Lu Siwei , Zhu Yunkai , Chu Caiting , Li Wenhua
Published: February 2025

Objective

Accurately predicting metastatic cancer to the adnexa, stage I and advanced ovarian cancer before surgery is crucial. The ADNEX model, based on ultrasound, is currently the only prediction model that can differentiate between these types. This study aims to analyze MRI features and diagnostic value in malignant ovarian tumors mis-subclassified by the ADNEX model, considering their diverse histopathologic types.

Methods

From January 2018 to September 2022, 164 patients with pathologically confirmed ovarian malignancies were selected from those who were examined by ultrasound. The clinical and MRI characteristics of 51 patients mis-subclassified by the ADNEX model were compared with histopathological types.

Results

A total of 30 were confirmed with primary ovarian cancer (5 with HGSOC, 14 with CCC, 2 with EC, 4 with MC, 2 with GCT, 1 with YST, 1 with immature teratoma, and 1 with dysgerminoma). There were 21 patients who had metastatic ovarian tumors (10 with colorectal cancer, 4 with gastric cancer, 2 with uterine cervical cancer, 3 with endometrial cancer, 1 with breast cancer, and 1 with LAMN). The only significant difference between the two groups was in CEA. The mean diameters of the primary and metastatic ovarian tumors were 10.29 cm (range: 3.61 cm–26.02 cm) and 8.58 cm (range: 3.10 cm–20.30 cm), respectively. A total of 42 masses were lobulated (82.35%, 42/51), and 26 masses were solid-cystic (26/51, 50.98%). There was a significant difference between CCC and other tumors, with mean ADC values of 1.01 × 10−3 mm2/s (range: 0.68–1.28×10−3 mm2/s) and 0.74×10−3 mm2/s (range: 0.48–0.99×10−3 mm2/s), respectively (P=0.000). A total of 50 masses presented isointense-T1, hyperintense-T2, and hyperintense-DWI signal on MRI (50/51,98.04%). There were 33 masses that showed intensive enhancement (33/51,64.71%). There were 17 masses who had necrosis (17/51, 33.33%), with the majority being HGSOC and ovarian metastases from colorectal and gastric cancers (12/17, 70.59%). There were 19 masses that presented hemorrhage (19/51,37.25%), with the majority being CCC (10/19, 52.63%). A total of 46 masses were diagnosed correctly by MRI (46/51,90.20%). There were 35 and 15 masses that were rated as O-RADS score 5 and score 4, respectively. One mass was rated as score 3.

Conclusions

DWI signal, ADC value, degree of enhancement, and characteristic components within the mass on MRI can provide supplementary information for malignant ovarian tumors mis-subclassified by the ADNEX model.
Evolving paradigms in prostate cancer screening: a decade of bibliometric insights and technological advancements
Authors: Chai Keqiang , Xu Changhong , Man Jiangwei , Deng Yun , Yang Li
Published: February 2025

Objective

Prostate cancer is a major threat to global male health. This study uses bibliometric methods to analyze the dynamics and trends in prostate cancer screening research, with the aim of optimizing screening strategies and informing policy decisions.

Methods

Utilizing the Web of Science Core Collection database, this study retrieved prostate cancer screening-related literature published between 2014 and 2024, totaling 5,409 articles. Data processing and analysis were conducted using CiteSpace and the Bibliometrix R package, including citation network analysis, co-word analysis, cluster analysis, and trend analysis.

Results

The analysis revealed the following key findings: (1) Global literature on prostate cancer screening has grown annually, with the United States, Europe, and China leading research activity; (2) Research hotspots include the risks and benefits of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, MRI-based screening technologies, and the use of molecular and genetic biomarkers; (3) Emerging technologies, such as machine learning and nanodiagnostic techniques, are enhancing diagnostic precision and reducing overdiagnosis; (4) Network analysis of collaborations reveals a shift toward transnational and interdisciplinary research, particularly in integrating biomedical and computer science to drive rapid advancements in screening technologies.

Conclusion

This study confirms the ongoing vibrancy and technological advancement in the global field of prostate cancer screening research, emphasizing the trend towards precision medicine. Future development of prostate cancer screening strategies should focus on risk-adapted screening and the application of novel biomarkers to optimize screening outcomes and reduce unnecessary medical interventions.
Associations of maternal age with outcomes in very low birth weight singleton infants: a retrospective study
Authors: Sun Junfang , Sun Mengya , Zhang Lulu , Lai Chunchi , Jiang Hong
Published: February 2025

Background

With advances in perinatal medicine, there has been a rise in the preterm birth rate, especially the rate of very low birth weight (VLBW) and extremely low birth weight infants. Studies have shown that maternal age during pregnancy and at the time of delivery is associated with pregnancy complications and poor neonatal outcomes. Little is known about the effect of maternal age on the outcome of very low birth weight infants.

Objectives

To investigate the effects of maternal age on the adverse outcomes of singleton very low birth weight neonates.

Methods

We used data of VLBW infants from the neonatal database of our hospital. Maternal age was categorized as 20–24, 25–34 (reference group), 35–39 and ≥40 years. Statistical analyses included univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results

The study ultimately included 603 singleton, very low birth weight infants. After adjustment, neonatal outcomes in the group of older mothers were similar to those of the reference group for bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, respiratory distress syndrome, severe asphyxia, retinopathy of prematurity and intraventricular hemorrhage grades 3–4. In the 20–24 year age group higher odds were present for sepsis [Odds ratio (OR) = 6.021; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.741–20.818, p < 0.05] and for mortality (OR = 7.784; 95% CI, 2.198–27.568, p < 0.05). Higher odds for asphyxia (OR = 1.891; 95% CI, 1.238–2.890, p < 0.05) and death (OR = 2.101, 95% CI, 1.004–4.395, p < 0.05) were observed in infants of mothers in the 35–39 year age group. The incidence of sepsis was significantly higher in the age group of ≥40 years (OR = 2.873; 95% CI, 1.186–6.958, p < 0.05).

Conclusions

In singleton very low birth weight neonates, neonatal outcomes were associated with maternal age, and adverse outcomes were more pronounced in infants of advanced maternal age (AMA) mothers.
Perinatal testicular torsion diagnosed as an intraperitoneal mass: case report and literature review
Authors: Huang Cheng , Ma Yan , Bai Dongsheng , Hao Chunsheng
Published: February 2025

Perinatal testicular torsion is not common in clinic. We report our experience in treating such a condition in a 50-day boy with an intraperitoneal mass. The clinical manifestations, physical examination, imaging examination and treatment of the boy were retrospectively analyzed and the related literatures were reviewed. Laparoscopic exploration, resection of abdominal mass, high ligation of left processus vaginalis and left orchiopexy were performed after admission. According to the results of intraoperative frozen-section examination and paraffin section after operation, combined with the history of children, consider the diagnosis of “right cryptorchidism with perinatal testicular torsion”. We reported the case for the purpose of exploring the characteristics, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of perinatal testicular torsion (Perinatal testicular torsion, PTT), and improving the understanding of cryptorchidism with perinatal testicular torsion.
Unleashing the power of peptides in prostate cancer immunotherapy: mechanism, facts and perspectives
Authors: Li Xiaoya , Yang Fang , Wang Meijing , Huang Xiaopeng , Zeng Xin , Zhou Lu , Peng Sixue , Zhang Jingyi
Published: February 2025

Prostate cancer, the second most common cancer in men, often progresses to castration-resistant prostate cancer despite androgen deprivation therapy. Immunotherapy, revolutionary in cancer treatment, has limited efficacy in prostate cancer due to its “cold tumor” nature. Peptides, with unique advantages, offer new hope. This review explores how peptide-based tumor immunotherapy can transform prostate cancer from a “cold” to a “hot” state. It modulates the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by regulating non-immune cells (such as cancer-associated fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and adipose stromal cells), repolarizing tumor-associated macrophages, activating NK cells, and tuning cytokines. Additionally, peptides can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) in prostate cancer cells through ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and autophagy modulation. The review also revisits existing prostate cancer immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint blockade, CAR T cell therapy, and dendritic cell vaccines, highlighting how peptides can enhance their effectiveness and safety. Finally, two peptide-based immunotherapy strategies in the development stage, peptide-integrated Proteolysis-Targeting Chimera therapy and peptide-involved epigenomic therapy, are introduced, showing great potential for future prostate cancer treatment.
Knowledge structure and dynamic evolution of nanomedicine in liver cancer research: a scientometric analysis and visualization
Authors: Li Shaodong , Cui Dapeng , Shao Bo , Kang Zhenhua , Yan Guoqiang
Published: February 2025

Background

Nanomedicine has received much attention for its potential applications in the diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer. However, no bibliometric evaluation has been conducted to present an assessment of scientific progress in the field. The aim of this study is to comprehensively catalog the cooperation and influence of journals, countries, institutions, and authors in the field of nanomedicine in liver cancer from the perspective of bibliometrics, evaluate the clustering evolution of knowledge structure, and uncover hot topics and emerging themes.

Methods

Articles and reviews related to nanomedicine and liver cancer were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Literature Library using Topic Search. #1 T= (“Hepatic Neoplasm*” OR “Liver Neoplasm” OR “Liver Cancer*” OR “Hepatocellular Cancer*” OR “Hepatic Cancer*“), #2 T= “nano*“, the search strategy is set as #1 AND #2 limited to Science Citation Index Expanded database source, with no limitation of publication types and language/time. Bibliometric studies were conducted using CiteSpace and VOSviewer.

Results

2,648 articles and reviews were included from 2000 to 2024. The number of articles regarding nanomedicine in liver cancer showed an increasing trend. Analysis of the most productive journals shows that most are specialized in nanoscience and nanotechnology, pharmacology and pharmacy, and chemistry and multidisciplinary. These publications mainly come from 8,782 institutions in 297 countries led by China and the United States of America. Shao D published the most papers among the publications, while Jemal A had the most co-citations. The macroscopical sketch and micro-representation of the whole knowledge field are realized through co-citation analysis. Hepatocellular carcinoma, targeted delivery, sorafenib nanoparticles, and others are current and developing areas of study. The keywords “nanocrystals,” “biodistribution,” and “particles” also may be the focus of new trends and future research.

Conclusion

In this study, bibliometrics and visual methods were used to review the research of nanomedicine in liver cancer comprehensively. The article will help scholars to gain a better understanding of the dynamic evolution of nanomedicine applications in liver cancer and point the directions for future research.
MLKL as an emerging machinery for modulating organelle dynamics: regulatory mechanisms, pathophysiological significance, and targeted therapeutics
Authors: Wang Yang , Wei Wei , Zhang Yu , Miao Jingrong , Bao Xiaofeng , Lu Chunfeng
Published: February 2025

Mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein (MLKL) is a pseudokinase featured by a protein kinase-like domain without catalytic activity. MLKL was originally discovered to be phosphorylated by receptor-interacting protein kinase 1/3, typically increase plasma membrane permeabilization, and disrupt the membrane integrity, ultimately executing necroptosis. Recent evidence uncovers the association of MLKL with diverse cellular organelles, including the mitochondrion, lysosome, endosome, endoplasmic reticulum, and nucleus. Thus, this review mainly focuses on the regulatory functions, mechanisms, and targets of MLKL in organelles rather than necroptosis and summarize the medical significance in multiple diseases. On this basis, we conclude and analyze the current progress and prospect for the development of MLKL-related drugs, from natural products, small-molecule chemical compounds, to proteolysis-targeting chimera. This review is aimed to propel the development of MLKL as a valid drug target and the discovery of novel MLKL-related drugs, and promote their further applications.
Aspirin-triggered DHA metabolites inhibit angiogenesis
Authors: Vara-Messler M. , Trevisi L. , Zulato E. , Ramaschi G. E. , Risé P. , Pinna C. , Indraccolo S. , Sala A. , Bolego C.
Published: February 2025

Background and aim

Blood vessels supply oxygen, nutrients and provide gateways for immune surveillance. Since this network nourishes all tissues, vessel abnormalities contribute to many diseases, such as cancer. One of the potential targets for Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) in cancer is suppressing angiogenesis, a process of new blood vessel formation within tumors. In addition, aspirin (ASA) has antineoplastic effects that may be mediated, at least in part, by metabolites derived from acetylated COX-2. We aimed at determining the effect of DHA as well as its metabolites in angiogenesis, using in vitro as well as in vivo models.

Methods

Endothelial cell (EC) proliferation, motility and capillary-like tube formation were determined by MTT, wound healing, Boyden and Matrigel assays, respectively. In vivo angiogenesis was measured by the Matrigel sponge model in mice. The biosynthesis of proresolving lipid mediators by ECs was determined by LC-MS-MS.

Results and conclusion

DHA, but not arachidonic acid (AA), at concentrations consistent with those reached in blood after fish oil supplementation, decreased EC migration in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Pretreatment with ASA modulated cell migration already after 24 h, while both DHA and ASA decreased migration at longer incubation times without affecting viability. 17-hydroxy-DHA was detected upon incubation with DHA, and increased amounts were observed upon combined treatment with DHA and ASA, an increase that was associated to a synergic effect on EC migration. 17(R)-hydroxy-DHA (17R-HDHA), the metabolite resulting from acetylated COX-2 activity of DHA, reduced EC migration in a concentration-dependent manner. DHA in the presence of ASA, as well as 17R-HDHA, also reduced EC tube formation. These results were confirmed in vivo where both 17R-HDHA or its downstream metabolite 17RResolvinD1 were able to decrease microvessels density in a Matrigel sponge model. Overall, we demonstrated that DHA in the presence of ASA-dependent acetylation of COX-2 showed increased antiangiogenic effects, possibly resulting from its conversion to its hydroxylated derivatives.
Preparation, structural characterization, bioactivities, and potential clinical applications of the polysaccharides from Paris polyphylla: a review
Authors: Sha Ailong , Li Yuanyuan
Published: February 2025

The [Paris polyphylla Smith var. Yunnanensis (Franch.) Hand. - Mazz] (The following is denoted by P. polyphylla) contains various chemical components such as steroidal saponins, flavonoids, polysaccharides, amino acids, etc. It is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb with important medicinal value. So far, the pharmacological research on P. polyphylla at home and abroad mainly focuses on compounds such as saponins and flavonoids, and there are relatively few reports on the study of P. polyphylla polysaccharides. In recent years, with the continuous deepening of research on the P. polyphylla, scientific and technological workers have gradually realized the application value of the polysaccharides from P. polyphylla, and the research of it has been increasing year by year. This article provides a review of the preparation, structural characterization, bioactivities, and potential clinical applications of the polysaccharides from P. polyphylla, aiming to provide a reference for the development, application, and further research.
Targeting TRPV1 channels in desensitized neural afferent pathways may help mitigate pain and lower urinary tract symptoms caused by prostatitis
Authors: Jiang ZhiPeng , Li AnGuo , Luo Wen , Luo XiKe , Liang DeCan , Li Jing , Tang KaiHua , Liu Lei , Long ZongMin , Miao Ruiyu , Jian Lei , Gong XiaoChuan , Li ShangJun , Zhang Yang , Yuan ChaoYong
Published: February 2025

Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS/CP) is a prevalent urinary disorder primarily characterized by pelvic pain and discomfort, bladder dysfunction, and sexual dysfunction. Currently, there is no effective method to alleviate the pain and lower urinary tract symptoms associated with chronic prostatitis. Resiniferatoxin (RTX), a highly potent TRPV1 receptor agonist, functions as a molecular analgesic by desensitizing TRPV1-expressing nerves. While RTX has demonstrated significant efficacy in treating various conditions, research on its application for prostatitis remains lacking. Consequently, we established a prostatitis model to investigate whether RTX could alleviate the symptoms associated with this condition. Our observations indicated that both low-dose (200 μg/kg) and high-dose (300 μg/kg) RTX effectively relieved pain and lower urinary tract symptoms caused by prostatitis. We noted that RTX reduced the expression of central pain-inducing substance P by reducing TRPV1 expression in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG), thereby mitigating pain. RTX also desensitizes bladder nerves by reducing TRPV1 expression in the bladder, which helps alleviate lower urinary tract symptoms caused by prostatitis. Collectively, these findings suggest that RTX may serve as a viable treatment option for alleviating prostatitis-induced pain and lower urinary tract symptoms through neural desensitization, presenting a promising therapeutic avenue for patients with prostatitis.
Changes in shooting accuracy among basketball players under fatigue: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Shuairan , Luo Yuanyuan , Cao Yingying , Li Feng , Jin Haodong , Mi Jing
Published: February 2025

Objective

To investigate the influence of physical and mental fatigue of different intensities (mild, moderate or severe) on basketball shooting accuracy, with the aim of informing more effective training protocols and competition strategies.

Methods

Literature searches were conducted on Web of Science, PubMed, and EBSCO databases up to 25 June 2024. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were specified, and data extraction sheets were prepared. Study quality was assessed by using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool in Review Manager 5.4, and Stata18.0 software was used for heterogeneity analysis, subgroup analysis, forest plots, stratification analysis, and bias assessment.

Results

Moderate physical fatigue affected two-point shooting accuracy (P < 0.01),severe physical fatigue affected both two-point (P = 0.02) and three-point shooting accuracy (p < 0.01),with severe physical fatigue showing a greater detrimental impact on three-point shooting accuracy, while two-point shooting accuracy may vary under specific conditions. Additionally, adolescent athletes were less affected by severe physical fatigue compared to adult athletes or those with longer training experience. Moderate mental fatigue also significantly reduced free-throw accuracy (p < 0.01).

Conclusion

The shooting accuracy of basketball players was significantly affected by moderate and severe physical fatigue. Severe physical fatigue notably adversely affected the accuracy of three-point shooting relative to moderate fatigue; Additionally, moderate mental fatigue significantly reduced free-throw accuracy, which may be attributed to a decline in cognitive executive functions, highlighting the importance of fatigue management in sports training.

Systematic Review Registration

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/#myprospero, identifier CRD42024539553
Intra-session reliability of knee flexion-extension muscle strength monitored using a functional electromechanical dynamometer in female soccer players
Authors: Andrades-Ramírez Oscar , Ulloa-Díaz David , Castillo Bryan Alfaro , Saavedra-Ibaca Vanessa , Muñoz-Bustos Gustavo , Chirosa-Ríos Luis-Javier
Published: February 2025

Background

The aim of the study was to analyze the relative and absolute reliability of intra-session comparisons of three repetitions in a protocol for assessment peak muscle strength in a knee extension and flexion exercise in competitive female soccer players.

Methods

The participants in this research are professional level female soccer players. Peak muscle strength was assessed with functional electromechanical dynamometry (FEMD) for the knee muscles with the following movements: knee flexion (FLE) and extension (EXT). Each movement was assessed at a speed of 0.4 m·s-1 unilaterally, recording peak muscle strength values in the concentric phase (CON) and an eccentric phase (ECC).

Results

Null differences (ES < 0.19) were detected in the measurements of peak muscle strength of the extensors and flexors of the right and left knee in their concentric or eccentric phases. In the intra-set reliability measures, they reported acceptable absolute reliability (CV% < 9.71) and extremely high relative reliability (ICC = 0.92–0.98).

Conclusion

In relation to the results of this study, it can be concluded that the FEMD presents a high relative and absolute intra-series reliability for the evaluation of muscle strength in knee extension and flexion in female soccer players. These reported antecedents may facilitate a more specific evaluation of the function of the muscles of the lower limbs.
The correlation of starch composition, physicochemical and structural properties of different sorghum grains
Authors: Zhang Kuangye , Ke Fulai , Zhou Hanling , Wang Jiaxu , Ma Zhenbing , Zhang Fei , Wang Yanqiu , Zhang Zhipeng , Lu Feng , Duan Youhou , Wu Han , Yang Linlin , Yang Zidan , Zhu Kai , Zou Jianqiu
Published: February 2025

The composition, structure, and physicochemical properties of starch in sorghum grains greatly influence the processing and quality of the final products. In this study, 19 sorghum lines were examined to analyze various starch-related characteristics. Correlation analysis of these key traits, revealed a significant correlation between amylose and amylopectin content. Amylopectin was identified as the primary component, averaging 80.75% of the starch content. The distribution of starch chain lengths, as well as the degrees of polymerization and branching, varied significantly among the sorghum lines, maintaining an equilibrium relationship between chain lengths. The size distribution of starch granules also varied among the lines, showing an overall positive correlation. Thermodynamic properties were positively correlated with each other, with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.614. Peak viscosity, trough viscosity, and final viscosity during the pasting process were highly correlated with the setback value, with correlation coefficients of -0.520, -0.651, and 0.618, respectively. 19 sorghum lines were classified into three categories: glutinous, japonica, semi-glutinous. Japonica sorghum exhibited superior thermal stability and viscoelasticity. This study elucidates the relationship between starch fractions, structure and physicochemical properties, providing a crucial theoretical foundation for optimizing sorghum processing for food and industrial applications.
Genome-wide characterization and expression profiling of the TGA gene family in sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) reveal CsTGA7 responses to multiple phytohormones and abiotic stresses
Authors: Wang Min , Ma Yue , Qiu Yu-Xin , Long Si-Si , Dai Wen-Shan
Published: February 2025

Citrus is widely recognized as one of the most economically important fruit crops worldwide. However, citrus growth is frequently hindered by external environmental stresses, which severely limit its development and yield. The TGA (TGACG motif-binding factor) transcription factors (TFs) are members of the bZIP family and play essential roles in plant defense responses and organ development. Nevertheless, the systematic identification and functional analysis of the TGA family in citrus remains unreported. In this study, genome-wide analysis identified a total of seven CsTGA TFs in Citrus sinensis, which were classified into five subgroups. Phylogenetic and syntenic analysis revealed that the CsTGA genes are highly conserved, with no tandem or segmental duplication events among family members. Promoter sequence analysis identified numerous cis-acting elements associated with transcriptional regulation, phytohormone response, and environmental adaptation in the promoters of CsTGA genes. The expression patterns under five phytohormones and three abiotic stresses demonstrated significant responses of multiple CsTGA genes under various forms of adversity. Among all tested treatments, CsTGA7 showed the most robust response to multiple stresses. Tissue-specific expression pattern analysis revealed potential functional biases among CsTGA genes. In-depth analysis showed that CsTGA7 localized in the nucleus and possessed transcriptional activation activity, consistent with the typical characteristic of transcriptional regulators. In summary, our research systematically investigated the genomic signature of the TGA family in C. sinensis and unearthed CsTGA7 with potential functions in phytohormone signaling transduction and abiotic stress responses. Our study establishes a basis for further exploration of the function of CsTGA genes under abiotic stress.
Nondestructive estimation of leaf chlorophyll content in banana based on unmanned aerial vehicle hyperspectral images using image feature combination methods
Authors: Kong Weiping , Ma Lingling , Ye Huichun , Wang Jingjing , Nie Chaojia , Chen Binbin , Zhou Xianfeng , Huang Wenjiang , Fan Zikun
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Nondestructive quantification of leaf chlorophyll content (LCC) of banana and its spatial distribution across growth stages from remotely sensed data provide an effective avenue to diagnose nutritional deficiency and guide management practices. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) hyperspectral imagery can document abundant texture features (TFs) and spectral information in a field experiment due to the high spatial and spectral resolutions. However, the benefits of using the fine spatial resolution accessible from UAV data for estimating LCC for banana have not been adequately quantified.

Methods

In this study, two types of image features including vegetation indices (VIs) and TFs extracted from the first-three-principal-component-analyzed images (TFs-PC1, TFs-PC2, and TFs-PC3) were employed. We proposed two methods of image feature combination for banana LCC inversion, which are a two-pair feature combination and a multivariable feature combination based on four machine learning algorithms (MLRAs).

Results

The results indicated that compared to conventionally used VIs alone, the banana LCC estimations with both proposed VI and TF combination methods were all significantly improved. Comprehensive analyses of the linear relationships between all constructed two-pair feature combinations and LCC indicated that the ratio of mean to modified red-edge sample ratio index (MEA/MSRre) stood out (R2 = 0.745, RMSE = 2.17). For multivariable feature combinations, four MLRAs using original or two selected VIs and TFs-PC1 combination groups resulted in better LCC estimation than the other input variables. We concluded that the nonlinear Gaussian process regression model with the VIs and TFs-PC1 combination selected by maximal information coefficient as input achieved the highest accuracy in LCC prediction for banana, with the highest R2 of 0.776 and lowest RMSE of 2.04. This study highlights the potential of the proposed image feature combination method for deriving high-resolution maps of banana LCC fundamental for precise nutritional diagnosing and operational agriculture management.
Functional analysis and interaction networks of Rboh in poplar under abiotic stress
Authors: Wang Jing , Liu Xiaojiao , Kang Yude , Liu Aizhong , Li Ping
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Plant respiratory burst oxidase homologs (Rbohs) are essential in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and play critical roles in plant stress responses. Despite their importance, Rbohs in poplar species remain under-explored, especially in terms of their characteristics and functional diversity across different species within the same genus.

Methods

In this study, we employed bioinformatics methods to identify 62 Rboh genes across five poplar species. We analyzed the gene structure, physical properties, chromosomal distribution, and cis-elements. Additionally, we used qRT-PCR to examine the expression of PyRbohs (Populus yunnanensis Rbohs) under various stress treatments and yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) assays to confirm interactions with calcium-dependent protein kinases (CPKs).

Results

All identified Rboh genes consistently contained six conserved functional domains and were classified into four distinct groups (I-IV). The number of Rboh members across poplar species was consistent with evolutionary patterns. These Rbohs exhibited relatively conserved amino acid lengths (832-989) and shared basic protein characteristics, including cell membrane localization. Chromosomal distribution analysis revealed an uneven distribution of PyRbohs across chromosomes, with abundant collinearity pairs among different plant species, indicating tandem segment duplications and a shared evolutionary origin within group members. Cis-element analysis identified stress-responsive and hormone signaling-related elements. qRT-PCR demonstrated the upregulation of PyRbohs under salt, drought, PEG, and ABA treatments. Protein interaction predictions using the STRING database identified potential functional mechanisms of PyRbohs, including interactions with CPKs. Y2H assays confirmed the interaction between PyRbohs and CPKs, suggesting that CPK binding might regulate PyRboh activity and ROS production.

Discussion

Overall, these findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the evolutionary, structural, and functional diversity of poplar Rbohs. They highlight promising candidate genes for enhancing stress tolerance in poplar species and lay a foundation for future research on the molecular mechanisms underlying Rboh-mediated stress responses in poplar.
The crises of Israeli democracy: political-ideological framings by members of Israel’s 24th Knesset
Authors: Arad Yoav , Freedman Michael
Published: February 2025

This study examines how members of Israel’s 24th Knesset perceive and define democracy, and how their political-ideological identities influence these understandings. Using qualitative analysis of public statements and social media posts from 72 Knesset members, the research reveals a strong correlation between MKs’ ideological-political identities and their framing of democracy. Liberals tended to emphasize substantive democratic values like pluralism and individual rights, while conservatives prioritized a populist notion of majority rule. Religious MKs often viewed democracy through a sectarian lens, subjugating it to Jewish religious principles. Non-Jewish MKs vacillated between liberal and populist stances. The study raises concerns about the depth of commitment to democratic principles among many elected officials and the potential implications for Israeli democracy. It highlights the tension between Israel’s Jewish and democratic identities and suggests that the political landscape is increasingly challenging the vision of Israel’s founders for a democratic state.
Exploring the impact of gender-related variables on health measures and perceived stress
Authors: Picó-Pérez Maria , Coelho Marisa S. , Vieira Rita , Machado-Sousa Mafalda , Morgado Pedro
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Despite its relevance for health outcomes, only recently gender has begun to be explored in the scientific literature, typically using a rigid binary framework. To tackle this, the Stanford Gender-related Variables for Health Research (GVHR) was developed to analyze gender from a multidimensional perspective. We aim to use our Portuguese version of the GVHR and analyze its association with health outcomes, including perceived stress.

Methods

To this aim, 351 participants completed the GVHR scale, sociodemographic, and health information (including the Perceived Stress Scale, PSS-10). A Confirmatory Factor Analyses (CFA) was first performed, and logistic and linear regressions were used to explore the association between gender and health-related variables.

Results

All measures of CFA showed appropriate goodness of fit. Regarding regression models, gender discrimination and higher levels of risk-taking were associated with binge drinking. Lower social support and risk-taking, and being male, were associated with being overweight. Regarding stress, it was positively associated with discrimination and work strain, while it was negatively associated with social support, emotional intelligence and risk-taking. Finally, discrimination and work strain were positively associated with mental health worsening and activity limitations, while social support was negatively associated with mental health worsening.

Discussion

In conclusion, by approaching gender from a multidimensional perspective we detected specific factors influencing health outcomes, showing that the relational aspects of gender are particularly relevant for mental health.
Optimized communication during risk disclosure to reduce nocebo headache after lumbar puncture—a study protocol for a randomized controlled clinical trial
Authors: Asan Livia , Gronen Johanna Sophie , Peters Lorenz , Kleinschnitz Christoph , Holle-Lee Dagny , Benson Sven , Bingel Ulrike
Published: February 2025

Risk communication has been found to be a driver of nocebo effects in medical settings by enhancing negative expectations. In fact, merely disclosing the risk of side effects and complications of treatments or medical procedures increases reports of adverse events. Along these lines, it has been proposed that the occurrence of headache after lumbar puncture (LP), a routine diagnostic procedure in neurology, is caused to a large degree by the information delivered by the physician during the informed consent procedure. As withholding information conflicts with principles of patient autonomy, strategies are needed to mitigate nocebo-associated headaches without omitting the disclosure of risks. Here, we present a detailed study protocol for a preregistered, prospective, double-blind, randomized controlled clinical trial with N = 80 inpatients at the neurology department of the University Hospital Essen who have an indication for a diagnostic LP. The trial is designed to test whether optimized communication strategies aimed at minimizing nocebo effects during the informed consent procedure reduce headache-related impairment after LP compared to standard-of-care. Secondary outcomes include expectation of side effects, state anxiety, headache intensity and duration, use of on-demand pain medication, perceived warmth and competence of the physician, and satisfaction with the procedure.
Exploring the impact of equipment modifications on novice tennis players: a scoping review
Authors: Piquer-Piquer Ana , Crespo Miguel , Ramón-Llin Jesús , Guzmán José Francisco , Martínez-Gallego Rafael
Published: February 2025

Tennis equipment modifications, such as smaller rackets and low-compression balls, are increasingly being used because they can better align with beginners’ physical capabilities, enhancing learning and engagement. This scoping review aimed to map current research on equipment modifications for beginner tennis players, identifying how these modifications impact skill acquisition, game performance, biomechanical variables, psychological aspects, and coaches’ perspectives. Searches across the Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and SPORTDiscus, along with expert input following the PRISMA procedures, yielded 35 studies. These studies involved empirical interventions related to scaled tennis equipment for beginners and were published in English or Spanish. Narrative reviews and studies lacking empirical data were excluded. The results indicate that equipment modifications enhance control, technique, and engagement in skill acquisition, improve tactical play with more aggressive strokes, and reduce joint stress, thereby minimizing injury risk. Psychological benefits include greater enjoyment and self-efficacy, and coaches strongly support these adaptations. These findings suggest practical implications for junior tennis development. However, future research should focus on expanding real-game applications, increasing participant diversity, and conducting detailed psychological and biomechanical assessments to further optimize player progression.
Proud and fearful: Polish mothers’ emotions and motivation to maintain Polish as a HL in transnational exogamous and endogamous families
Authors: Rokita-Jaśkow Joanna , Panek Katarzyna
Published: February 2025

Polish is one of the most common heritage languages (HLs) in various migration contexts, which can be attributed to the motivation and commitment of Polish mothers. However, little is known about the maternal emotions and emotional strain underpinning the motivation to maintain the HL in their children raised abroad. This paper presents the results of a qualitative interview study conducted with 5 Polish mothers from transnational endogamous families and 5 from exogamous families. The qualitative content analysis of the data revealed that mothers in exogamous families experience less pressure to maintain Polish as a HL; nonetheless, in both family types, the mothers are primarily motivated to uphold the HL by feelings of pride in their cultural and linguistic heritage, along with a fear of not being able to transmit the language and identity to their children, thus failing to meet the expectations of extended family members. In endogamous families, mothers are additionally motivated by the prospect of returning and the associated possible future opportunities. The study’s findings indicate that maternal motivations and emotions arise from interactions with extended family members, which may adversely impact their agency in maintaining the HL. It is concluded that greater support for mothers in the bilingual upbringing of their children should be provided by institutions and extended family members.
Identifying palliative home care needs of patients with advanced cancer: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Liu Xiaocheng , Liu Hui , Ying Wenjuan , Zhang Yuying , Gong Xiaoling , Huang Junfang
Published: February 2025

Background

Home-based palliative care is an ideal model for providing continuous, effective, and timely care at the patient’s home. However, the timely recognition of palliative home care needs remains a clinical challenge, and few studies have described the characteristics of palliative care needs and quality of life at home.

Objectives

To identify the palliative home care needs of patients with advanced cancer and explore the influencing factors in addressing these needs.

Methods

In this cross-sectional study, convenience samples were collected from four cities in mainland China between May 2020 and November 2021. The revised Problems and Needs in Palliative Care-short version was used to evaluate palliative home care needs. The European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-C30 was used to evaluate the participants’ quality of life. We used SPSS version 23.0 for all statistical analyses. Descriptive statistics, Wilcoxon rank sum test, Spearman rho correlation independent t-test, and multiple linear regression were performed to analyze the data.

Results

Completed the survey. The patients’ palliative home care needs were primarily related to physical symptoms, home health care services, and psychological issues. For items, the top three palliative home care needs were related to financial needs, “extra expenditures because of the disease” (75.9%), psychological issues, “fear of getting worse” (72.8%), and “fear of physical suffering” (67.9%). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that 53.5% of palliative home care needs could be explained by the Karnofsky Performance Status and quality of life: physical, role, emotional, and financial difficulties dimensions.

Conclusion

The palliative home care needs were associated with patients’ quality of life and financial difficulties. These findings may contribute to provide a framework for palliative home care service, and help to identify specific interventions.