bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Peering at the outflow mechanisms in the transitional pulsar PSR J1023+0038: simultaneous VLT, XMM-Newton, and Swift high-time resolution observations
Authors: Baglio M. C. , Vincentelli F. , Campana S. , Coti Zelati F. , D’Avanzo P. , Burderi L. , Casella P. , Papitto A. , Russell D. M.
Published: September 2019

We report on a simultaneous near-infrared, optical, and X-ray campaign performed in 2017 with the XMM-Newton and Swift satellites and the HAWK-I instrument mounted on the Very Large Telescope (VLT) on the transitional millisecond pulsar PSR J1023+0038. Near-infrared observations were performed in fast-photometric mode (0.5 s exposure time) in order to detect any fast variation of the flux and correlate this with the optical and X-ray light curves. The optical light curve shows the typical sinusoidal modulation at the system orbital period (4.75 h). No significant flaring or flickering is found in the optical, nor any signs of transitions between active and passive states. On the contrary, the near-infrared light curve displays a bimodal behaviour, showing strong flares in the first part of the curve, and an almost flat trend in the rest. The X-ray light curves instead show a few low-high mode transitions, but no flaring activity is detected. Interestingly, one of the low-high mode transitions occurs at the same time as the emission of an infrared flare. This can be interpreted in terms of the emission of an outflow or a jet: the infrared flare could be due to the evolving spectrum of the jet, which possesses a break frequency that moves from higher (near-infrared) to lower (radio) frequencies after the launching, which has to occur at the low-high mode transition. We also present the cross-correlation function between the optical and near-infrared curves. The near.infrared curve is bimodal, therefore we divided it into two parts (flaring and quiet). While the cross-correlation function of the quiet part is found to be flat, the function that refers to the flaring part shows a narrow peak at ∼10 s, which indicates a delay of the near-infrared emission with respect to the optical. This lag can be interpreted as reprocessing of the optical emission at the light cylinder radius with a stream of matter spiraling around the system due to a phase of radio ejection. This strongly supports a different origin of the infrared flares that are observed for PSR J1023+0038 with respect to the optical and X-ray flaring activity that has been reported in other works on the same source.
Active minimization of non-common path aberrations in long-exposure imaging of exoplanetary systems
Authors: Singh Garima , Galicher Raphaël , Baudoz Pierre , Dupuis Olivier , Ortiz Manuel , Potier Axel , Thijs Simone , Huby Elsa
Published: September 2019

Context. Spectroscopy of exoplanets is very challenging because of the high star-planet contrast. A technical difficulty in the design of imaging instruments is the noncommon path aberrations (NCPAs) between the adaptive optics (AO) sensing and the science camera, which induce planet-resembling stellar speckles in the coronagraphic science images. In an observing sequence of several long exposures, quickly evolving NCPAs average out and leave behind an AO halo that adds photon noise to the planet detection. Static NCPA can be calibrated a posteriori using differential imaging techniques. However, NCPAs that evolve during the observing sequence do not average out and cannot be calibrated a posteriori. These quasi-static NCPAs are one of the main limitations of the current direct imaging instruments such as SPHERE, GPI, and SCExAO.

Aims. Our aim is to actively minimize the quasi-static speckles induced in long-exposure images. To do so, we need to measure the quasi-static speckle field above the AO halo.

Methods. The self-coherent camera (SCC) is a proven technique which measures the speckle complex field in the coronagraphic science images. It is routinely used on the THD2 bench to reach contrast levels of < 10−8 in the range 5 − 12 λ/D in space-related conditions. To test the SCC in ground conditions on THD2, we optically simulated the residual aberrations measured behind the SPHERE/VLT AO system under good observing conditions.

Results. We demonstrate in the laboratory that the SCC can minimize the quasi-static speckle intensity in the science images down to a limitation set by the AO halo residuals. The SCC reaches 1σ raw contrast levels below 10−6 in the region 5 − 12 λ/D at 783.25 nm in our experiments.

Conclusions. The results presented in this article reveal an opportunity for the current and future high-contrast imaging systems to adapt the SCC for real-time measurement and correction of quasi-static speckles in long-exposure science observations from the ground.
Hot subdwarf wind models with accurate abundances
Authors: Krtička J. , Janík J. , Krtičková I. , Mereghetti S. , Pintore F. , Németh P. , Kubát J. , Vučković M.
Published: September 2019

Context. Hot subdwarfs are helium burning objects in late stages of their evolution. These subluminous stars can develop winds driven by light absorption in the lines of heavier elements. The wind strength depends on chemical composition which can significantly vary from star to star.

Aims. We aim to understand the influence of metallicity on the strength of the winds of the hot hydrogen-rich subdwarfs HD 49798 and BD+18° 2647.

Methods. We used high-resolution UV and optical spectra to derive stellar parameters and abundances using the TLUSTY and SYNSPEC codes. For derived stellar parameters, we predicted wind structure (including mass-loss rates and terminal velocities) with our METUJE code.

Results. We derived effective temperature Teff = 45 900 K and mass M = 1.46 M⊙ for HD 49798 and Teff = 73 000 K and M = 0.38 M⊙ for BD+18° 2647. The derived surface abundances can be interpreted as a result of interplay between stellar evolution and diffusion. The subdwarf HD 49798 has a strong wind that does not allow for chemical separation and consequently the star shows solar chemical composition modified by hydrogen burning. On the other hand, we did not find any wind in BD+18° 2647 and its abundances are therefore most likely affected by radiative diffusion. Accurate abundances do not lead to a significant modification of wind mass-loss rate for HD 49798, because the increase of the contribution of iron and nickel to the radiative force is compensated by the decrease of the radiative force due to other elements. The resulting wind mass-loss rate Ṁ = 2.1 × 10−9 M⊙ yr−1 predicts an X-ray light curve during the eclipse which closely agrees with observations. On the other hand, the absence of the wind in BD+18° 2647 for accurate abundances is a result of its peculiar chemical composition.

Conclusions. Wind models with accurate abundances provide more reliable wind parameters, but the influence of abundances on the wind parameters is limited in many cases.
The supernova remnant population of the Small Magellanic Cloud
Authors: Maggi Pierre , Filipović Miroslav D. , Vukotić Branislav , Ballet Jean , Haberl Frank , Maitra Chandreyee , Kavanagh Patrick , Sasaki Manami , Stupar Milorad
Published: September 2019

Aims.We present a comprehensive study on the supernova remnant (SNR) population of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). We measured multiwavelength properties of the SMC SNRs and compare them to those of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) population.

Methods.This study combines the large dataset ofXMM-Newtonobservations of the SMC, archival and recent radio continuum observations, an optical line emission survey, and new optical spectroscopic observations. We were therefore able to build a complete and clean sample of 19 confirmed and four candidate SNRs. The homogeneous X-ray spectral analysis allowed us to search for SN ejecta and Fe K line emission, and to measure interstellar medium abundances. We estimated the ratio of core-collapse to type Ia supernova rates of the SMC based on the X-ray properties and the local stellar environment of each SNR.

Results.After the removal of unconfirmed or misclassified objects, and the addition of two newly confirmed SNRs based on multi-wavelength features, we present a final list of 21 confirmed SNRs and two candidates. While no Fe K line is detected even for the brightest and youngest SNR, we find X-ray evidence of SN ejecta in 11 SNRs. We estimate a fraction of 0.62–0.92 core-collapse supernova for every supernova (90% confidence interval), higher than in the LMC. The difference can be ascribed to the absence of the enhanced star-formation episode in the SMC, which occurred in the LMC 0.5–1.5 Gyr ago. The hot-gas abundances of O, Ne, Mg, and Fe are 0.1–0.2 times solar. Their ratios, with respect to SMC stellar abundances, reflect the effects of dust depletion and partial dust destruction in SNR shocks. We find evidence that the ambient medium probed by SMC SNRs is less disturbed and less dense on average than in the LMC, consistent with the different morphologies of the two galaxies.
Evaluation of the Effects of Delayed Cord Clamping in Infants of Diabetic Mothers
Authors: Korkut Sabriye , Oğuz Yüksel , Bozkaya Davut , Türkmen Gülenay Gençosmanoğlu , Kara Özgür , Uygur Dilek , Oğuz Şerife Suna
Published: September 2019

Objective This study aimed to investigate the effect of delayed cord clamping (DCC) in infants of diabetic mothers.

Study Design Women who had diabetes throughout their pregnancy and gave birth at 37 weeks of gestation or later were included in the study along with their babies. Early cord clamping was performed as soon as possible after birth, while DCC was performed by clamping 60 second after birth. The two groups were compared in terms of venous hematocrit (htc) levels and rates of hypoglycemia, jaundice requiring phototherapy, and respiratory distress.

Results Venous htc levels at postnatal 6 and 24 hours were significantly higher in the DCC group (p = 0.0001). Polycythemia rates were higher in the DCC group at both 6 and 24 hours, but partial exchange transfusion (PET) was not needed in either group. There were no differences between the groups with regard to the rates of hypoglycemia or jaundice requiring phototherapy. Rate of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) was lower in the DCC group.

Conclusion Although DCC increased the rate of polycythemia, it did not result in PET requirement. Moreover, DCC reduced the severity of respiratory distress and the rate of admission to NICU due to respiratory distress.
Gracilis Myocutaneous Flap: Adding to the Armamentarium of Complex Sacrococcygeal Defect Reconstruction
Authors: Preetha Rani K. , Satish Kumar J. , Singaravelu V. , Deyonna Fernandes
Published: September 2019

Background With increasing radicality of rectal cancer surgeries, the postoperative defects are becoming more complex. This demands an ideal reconstructive option with minimal morbidity to the patient. Although vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous (VRAM) flap is the commonly used flap, gracilis myocutaneous flap is increasingly being performed to avoid morbidity associated with VRAM flap.

Results We share our experience about two of our patients treated for rectal malignancy with pelvic exenteration who were reconstructed immediately with pedicled gracilis myocutaneous flap. Both the patients had an uneventful postoperative recovery period and were discharged on postoperative day 10. During follow-up period both patients had a healthy flap with no evidence of recurrence. No perineal hernias or gross dehiscence of skin closure occurred.

Conclusion Gracilis myocutaneous flap has its own place with unique advantages adding to the armamentarium of reconstructive options for complex perineal defects, thereby avoiding the morbidity associated with VRAM flap. It stands as a reliable alternative in patients where VRAM cannot be used.
Platelet Transfusion Thresholds: How Low Can We Go in Respect to Platelet Counting?
Authors: Lippi Giuseppe , Favaloro Emmanuel J. , Buoro Sabrina
Published: September 2019

Platelet transfusion is conventionally used to prevent or treat bleeding in patients with low platelet counts or impaired platelet function. The identification of accurate thresholds of platelet count for guiding platelet transfusion practices is a crucial aspect in health care to prevent adverse events, side effects, unwarranted costs for the health care service, and deprivation of supplies. This article is therefore aimed at providing a narrative overview on current guidelines and recommendations for platelet transfusion across many clinical settings, including platelet function disorders, and critically analyzing the available platelet transfusion thresholds according to the current analytical performance of platelet counting with automated hematological analyzers. Overall, universal agreement on the definition of platelet transfusion thresholds has not been reached. The degree of accuracy and imprecision of many fully automated hematological analyzers appears also unsatisfactory, especially at the lower thrombocytopenic range, and this may thus jeopardize the managed care of patients who are candidates for platelet transfusions. Potential solutions to overcome the current shortcomings of automated platelet counting are also discussed, encompassing the use of alternative tests for guiding platelet transfusion (e.g., thrombin generation assays or thromboelastography) along with innovative approaches for platelet enumeration (e.g., fluorescent labeling and flow cytometry).
Are Cosmetic Procedures Comparable to Antidepressive Medication for Quality-of-Life Improvements? A Systematic Review and Controlled Meta-Analysis
Authors: Rudolph Christina , Hladik Casey , Stroup Donna F. , Frank Konstantin , Gotkin Robert H. , Dayan Steven H. , Patel Ashit , Cotofana Sebastian
Published: September 2019

Cosmetic procedures, especially cosmetic minimally invasive treatments, are rising in popularity, despite societal perception that these procedures may not improve patient health. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review and controlled meta-analysis to compare the effects of cosmetic procedures and antidepressant treatment on health-related quality-of-life improvement. The PubMed database was queried in two independent searches to identify peer-reviewed cosmetic and antidepressant articles published between 1996 and 2017 that prospectively assessed the impact of the treatment on quality of life. All results were screened using defined exclusion and inclusion criteria and data were extracted using a standardized protocol. The meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model. Five of 2,788 cosmetic studies and eight of 2,312 antidepressant studies met all inclusion criteria and utilized the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) measure. Except for the physical functioning scale, when compared with the cosmetic studies, antidepressant studies had significantly lower median baseline and post-treatment follow-up scale scores with larger median score improvement (p < 0.05). Positive effect sizes following treatment were observed for all eight SF-36 scales (range: 0.32–1.16; p < 0.05). This meta-analysis provides evidence that cosmetic procedures objectively improve a patient's health-related quality of life. While antidepressant studies exhibited greater SF-36 score improvement except for the physical functioning scale, both treatment groups demonstrated the greatest improvement in mental health and role emotional scales. As previously suggested, a disconnect exists between score improvement and clinical improvement due to baseline severity, ceiling effect, and regression to the mean effects.
Effect of Artificial Saliva Contamination on Bond Strength to Pulp Chamber Dentin
Authors: Ară Hale , Dönmez Nazmiye , Belli Sema
Published: September 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of artificial saliva
contamination on microtensile bond strength to pulp chamber dentin.

Methods: Clearfil SE Bond (SEB) (Kuraray, JAPAN) adhesive system and Clearfil Photo Posterior (CPP) (Kuraray, JAPAN) composite resin were used. Twenty extracted caries-free human molar teeth were randomly distributed into four groups. Apart from a control group without contamination (Group 1), primed dentin surfaces were contaminated with artificial saliva (10 s), rinsed, dried, reprimed and bonded (Group 2), coated with adhesive, contaminated with artificial saliva, rinsed, dried, bonding procedures were repeated (Group 3), coated with adhesive, light cured, contaminated with saliva, rinsed, dried, treated with SE primer (SEP) and SEB (Group 4).

After 24 hrs, the teeth were prepared for microtensile bond testing and tensile bond strength was measured (1mm/min). The data was calculated as MPa and analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Duncan test (P<.05).

Results: The results indicated that Group 2 showed lowest bond strength when compared to the others (P<.05). No statistically significant difference was found between Groups 3 and 4 (P>.05).

Conclusions: It was concluded that contamination during priming procedure has a negative effect
on bond strength (P<.05). Although contamination of the uncured adhesive was not critical in this study (P>.05) any kind of contamination of the bonding area should, in principle, be avoided. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:86-90)
Peripheral Cemento-Ossifying Fibroma in Child. A Follow-Up of 4 Years. Report of a Case
Authors: Delbem Alberto Carlos Botazzo , Cunha Robson Frederico , Silva Janaína Zavitoski , Soubhia Ana Maria Pires
Published: September 2019

Peripheral cement-ossifying fibroma is a relatively common gingival growth of a reactive rather than neoplastic nature, whose pathogenesis is uncertain. It predominantly affects adolescents and young adults, with peak prevalence between 10 and 19 years. We report here the clinical case of a 5-year-old girl with disease duration of 3 years, who was followed up for 4 years, showing a gingival health and normal radiopacity of bone. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:134-137)
Re-attachment of Subgingivally Oblique Fractured Central Incisor Using a Fiber Post
Authors: danir Necdet , Ok Evren , Erdek Yesim
Published: September 2019

This case report presents a 32 year old male with an oblique fractured maxillary right central incisor. The procedure used to repair the fracture included flap surgery with an intrasulcular incision and endodontic treatment. The root canal was filled with a root canal sealer and gutta-percha. After root canal obturation, fragments were luted with composite resin using a glass fibers post. After 12 months, clinical and radiographic examinations showed a stable reattachment of the fragments, good aesthetics and periodontal health. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:138-141)
The Bi-Directional Relationship between Periodontal Disease and Hyperlipidemia
Authors: Fentoglu Ozlem , Bozkurt F. Yesim
Published: September 2019

It has been proposed for several decades that infections may be responsible for the accelerated development of atherosclerosis. The initiation of the atherosclerotic plaque is ascribed to focal accumulation of lipids. This explains the importance of plasma lipids in the development of atherosclerosis. Recent reports point towards a possible association between periodontal disease and increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Thus, periodontitis and cardiovascular disease may share common risk factors, and association between periodontitis and coronary heart disease may be due to the elevated levels of plasma lipids. Epidemiological and clinical studies have also suggested that there is a relationship between periodontal disease and impaired lipid metabolism. In this review, we summarized the potential link mechanisms in the association between periodontal infection and serum lipids. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:142-149)
Investigation of Vertical Distance between Incisive Papilla and Incisal Edge of Maxillary Central Incisors
Authors: Guldag M. Ustun , Sentut Fatih , Buyukkaplan U. Sebnem
Published: September 2019

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to determine the vertical distance between maxillary central incisors and incisive papilla.

Methods: The vertical distance between incisal edges of maxillary central incisors and the centre
of the incisive papilla was measured by a digital caliper on the stone casts that were obtained from
dentate subjects.

Results: The mean vertical distance between maxillary central incisors and incisive papilla on the stone casts was 6.70±0.81 mm. The vertical distance range was 5.51 mm to 8.89 mm.

Conclusions: The clinical relevance of this study lies in application to complete denture construction. The dentist and laboratory technician can be use the results of this study as a guideline in fabrication of maxillary occlusal rims and in determination of the position of the occlusal plane with the reference of other anatomical landmarks together. However, the wax rim should be modified intraorally to incorporate individual characteristics and the anterior tooth should be arranged on modified wax rim. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:161-166)
Performance of Laser Fluorescence for Residual Caries Detection in Primary Teeth
Authors: Gurbuz Taskin , Yilmaz Yucel , Sengul Fatih
Published: September 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of a visual-tactile examination and a laser fluorescence device for detecting residual dentinal caries after carious dentin removal with bur excavation, hand excavation and chemomechanical excavation (Carisolv™].

Methods: Thirty extracted coronal caries primary second molars were used. The caries infected dentin has been removed. A blinded examiner checked all cavities for residual caries using a visualtactile examination and laser fluorescence. Then the teeth were sectioned through the prepared cavities andthe two halves of each tooth were processed for light microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The presence or absence of residual caries was verified using polarized light microscopy as the gold standard. The cavity floor dentin after removing carious dentin was examined using SEM.

Results: In among all groups a significant difference is determined between visual-tactile examination and laser fluorescence (P<.05). There was an agreement between laser fluorescence or visual-tactile examination and histological gold standard (P>.05). In addition, SEM images of the surfaces with the caries removed have shown that a vast majority of the tubule openings is observed to be open in the samples of the Carisolv group in opposition to the other groups.

Conclusions: The laser fluorescence system could be effective in checking the removal by other methods, such as bur or Carisolv and avoid excessive removal of the sound dentin. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:176-184)
The Evaluation of Water Sorption/Solubility on Various Acrylic Resins
Authors: Tuna Suleyman Hakan , Keyf Filiz , Gumus Hasan Onder , Uzun Cengiz
Published: September 2019

Objectives: The absorption of water by acrylic resins is a phenomenon of considerable importance since it is accompanied by dimensional changes, a further undesirable effect of absorbed water in acrylic resins to reduce the tensile strength of the material. Solubility is also an important property because it represents the mass of soluble materials from the polymers.

Methods: Ten acrylic resin-based materials were evaluated: two heat cure acrylic resins (De Trey QC-20, Meliodent Heat Cure) and eight self cure acrylic resins (Meliodent Cold, Akrileks, Akribel, Akribel Transparent, Vertex Trayplast, Formatray, Dentalon Plus, Palavit G). To evaluate water sorption and water solubility, thirty square-shaped specimens (20×20×1.5 mm) were fabricated from the wax specimens. One way ANOVA test, Tukey test and Pearson correlation coefficient performed for data.

Results: Water sorption mean values varied from 11.33±0.33 to 30.46±0.55 μg/mm3. Water solubility mean values varied from -0.05±0.23 to 3.69±0.12 �g/mm3. There was statistically significant difference between mean values of the materials (P<.05). There was no linear correlation between sorption and solubility values.

Conclusions: The results of the water sorption and water solubility values of both self-cured and heat-cured acrylic resins were in accordance with the ISO specification. No correlation found between water sorption and water solubility values. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:191-197)
Effect of Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation on Apical Extrusion of Irrigating Solution
Authors: Tasdemir Tamer , Er Kursat , Celik Davut , Yildirim Tahsin
Published: September 2019

Objectives: To determine the influence of passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) on apical extrusion
of irrigating solution.

Methods: Twenty freshly extracted maxillary and mandibular incisors with single straight root canals were instrumented with ProTaper rotary files. During final irrigation, the root canals were filled with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution and PUI was performed with a piezoelectronic unit. A stainless steel instrument (size 15) was inserted into the root canal and the irrigant was ultrasonically activated for one minute. This sequence was repeated three times, resultingin a total PUI time of three minutes. The volume of extruded irrigant was measured by Pipetman pipettes. The data were statistically analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U test.

Results: The mean volume of apical extruded irrigant was 2.15 �L for the PUI group and 14 �L forthe control group. The experimentalgroup extruded significantly smaller amounts of irrigant than the control group (P<.05).

Conclusions: The PUI procedure as a final irrigation was associated with less apical extrusion of the irrigating solution. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:198-203)
Use of a Simple Appliance to Prevent Mucosal Irritation by the Distractor Rod during Vertical Distraction: Case Report
Authors: Muglali Mehtap , Celebi Nukhet , Inal Samet , Bekcioglu Burak , Bas Burcu
Published: September 2019

Patient discomfort due to the excessive length of the distractor rod is one of the disadvantages
of alveolar distraction osteogenesis. Although this seems to be a minor complication, it can cause
severe mucosal irritation on the opposite arch, and uncontrolled forces can lead to the loosening of
the screws and the inactivation of the distractor. The purpose of this case report is to introduce an
acrylic appliance that is very useful in avoiding the mucosal irritation caused by the long distractrrod. The appliance is simple, effective, and easy to fabricate. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:204-207)
Basal Cell Adenoma of the Upper Lip from Minor Salivary Gland Origin
Authors: Minicucci Eliana Maria , Eloisa Eloisa Bueno Pires de , Weber Silke Anna Thereza , Domingues Maria Aparecida Custodio , Ribeiro Daniel Araki
Published: September 2019

Basal cell adenoma is an uncommon benign salivary gland neoplasm, presenting isomorphic basaloid cells witha prominent basal cell layer. Taking into account that basal cell adenomas represent 1% of all salivary gland tumors, being the majority of cases in the parotid glands, the goal of this paper is to report a case of basalcell adenoma of the upper lip arising from minor salivary gland. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:213-216)
Effect of Preheating on the Mechanical Properties of Resin Composites
Authors: Uctasli Mine Betül , Arisu Hacer Deniz , Lasilla Lippo VJ , Valittu Pekka K
Published: September 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the flexural strength and modulus of two commercial resin composites, at room temperature and 40, 45 and 50�C prior to light polymerization with standard and step-cure protocols.

Methods: One nanohybrid (Grandio, VOCO, Cuxhaven, Germany), and microhybrid compositeresin (Filtek Z250, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) were used. The materials were inserted into rectangular moulds at room temperature or preheated to a temperature of 40, 45 or 50°C and cured with standard or step-cure protocols with high intensity halogen (Elipar Highlight, 3M-ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA). Ten specimens were prepared for each preheating and light curing protocol. A three-point bending test was performed using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. The data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc tests (P<.05) to examine the effect of curing protocol and preheating. Pearson’s correlation test was used to determine the correlation between tested mechanical properties and preheating.

Results: There were no statistically significant difference between tested mechanical properties
of the materials, curing protocols and temperature of the materials. No significant correlation was found between preheating and tested mechanical properties.

Conclusions: The mechanical properties of the tested materials did not changed by preheating so
the tested materials could be preheated because of the other potential clinical advantages like more
adaptation to the cavity walls. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:263-268)
Oral Health Attitudes and Behavior among a Group of Turkish Dental Students
Authors: Peker Ilkay , Alkurt Meryem Toraman
Published: September 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate self-reported oral health attitude and behavior among a group of Turkish dental students and to compare differences in oral health attitudes between years of study and gender.

Methods: This study included 267 (153 female, 114 male) dental students. A modified English version of Hiroshima University Dental-Behavioral Inventory (HU-DBI) which consists of twenty-eight dichotomous responses (yes-no) was used.

Results: Totally 141 preclinical (1, 2 and 3rd years of study) and 126 clinical students (4 and 5th years of study) who were mean age of 21.16 participated in the study. Statistically significant differences were found between years of study for brushing each of teeth carefully, cleaning the teeth well without using toothpaste, using a toothbrush which has hard bristles and for having had their dentist tell that they brush very well. There were statistically significant differences between females and males for using a toothbrush which has hard bristles and using tooth floss regularly. Statistically significant differences were found for brushing each of the teeth carefully and using mouth wash on regular basis between smokers and non-smokers.

Conclusions: This study confirmed that oral and dental health behavior and attitudes and also their knowledge about oral and dental health care of dental students improved with increasing level of education while oral and dental health care of female students were better than males and oral and dental health care of non-smokers were better than smokers. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:24-31)
Comparison of the Efficacy of Three Different Mouthrinse Solutions in Decreasing the Level of Streptococcus Mutans in Saliva
Authors: Kocak Mustafa Murat , Ozcan Suat , Kocak Sibel , Topuz Ozgur , Erten Hulya
Published: September 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of three different antiseptic
mouthrinse solutions on the saliva samples obtained from the individuals, who had high caries activity rate.

Methods: The efficacy of three antiseptic mouthrinses were evaluated in a study with healthy volunteers. The three antiseptic solutions used in this study were 0.1% octenidine dihydrochloride (Octenisept, Schülke&Mayr, UK), 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate (Kloroben, Drogsan, Turkey) and an antimicrobial enzymatic rinse (Biotene, Laclede,Inc, USA). A total of 27 adult volunteer subjects were participated in the study. The subjects were stratified into three balanced group. Then the mouth rinses were used by each group according to the manufacturer�s directions. The subjects were restricted for 60 minutes for food intake after using the prescribed mouthrinse. The saliva samples were collected from the volunteers at 1, 10 and 60 minutes after their usage in tubes. The tubes were kept in +4°C in a fridge till the evaluation. 10-3 and 10-5 dilutions were prepared for each solution and S. mutans were evaluated according to total number of colony forming unit (CFU) per ml. The dilutions were spreaded on the surface of Brucella agar plates for anaerobic incubation for 48 hours. The dilutions were 100, 10-3 and 10-5 of the solutions Kloroben, Biotene, Octenisept, and the time factor were 0, 1, 10 and 60 minutes. The statistical analyses were performed by Duncan and Bonferroni tests.

Results: Octenisept was found to be more effective over S. mutans than the other mouthrinse solutions (P<.05).

Conclusions: All mouthrinse solutions except Biotene were effective on oral microorganisms. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:57-61)
Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Self Adhesive Composite Resin Cements by Dentin Barrier Test on 3D Pulp Cellss
Authors: Ulker Hayriye Esra , Sengun Abdulkadir
Published: September 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of five self-etch dental composite resin cements on the cell viability of bovine dental papilla-derived cells.

Methods: The cytotoxicity of composite resin cements (Rely X Unicem Clicker, 3M ESPE; MaxCem; KERR, PanaviaF 2.0; Kuraray, BisCem; Bisco and Bistite II DC; Tokuyama) was analyzed in a dentin barrier test device using three-dimensional (3D) pulp cell cultures. A commercially available cell culture perfusion chamber was separated into two compartments by 500 im dentin disc. The three dimensional cultures placed on a dentin disk held in place by a special biocompatible stainless-steel holder. Test materials were introduced into the upper compartment in direct contact with the cavity side of the dentin disks according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Subsequently, the pulpal part of the perfusion chamber containing the cell cultures was perfused with medium (2 ml/h). After an exposure period of 24 h, the cell survival was determined by the MTT assay. Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann–Whitney U-test.

Results: In dentin barrier test, cell survival was similar with Maxcem and negative control group (P>.05), and all other tested materials were cytotoxic for the three dimensional cell cultures (P>.05).

Conclusions: The significance of composite resin cements is being more important in dentistry. The cytotoxic potencies demonstrated by these materials might be of clinical relevance. Some composite resin cements include biologically active ingredients and may modify pulp cell metabolism when the materials are used in deep cavities or directly contact pulp tissue. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:120-126)
Unusual Anatomy of Maxillary Second Premolars
Authors: de Almeida-Gomes Fábio , de Sousa Bruno Carvalho , de Souza Fabricio Dias , dos Santos Roberto Alves , Maniglia-Ferreira Cláudio
Published: September 2019

In this study, endodontic treatments of maxillary second premolars with unusual anatomical configuration were presented. Maxillary second premolars usually have one root with one or two root canals. The occurrence of variations in anatomical configuration is also common; therefore, it must be taken into account in clinical and radiographic evaluation during the endodontic treatment. These teeth may also require special shaping and filling techniques. This article reports and discusses the treatment recommendations for unusual occurrences of anatomical configurations in four different maxillary second premolars. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:145-149)
Effect of ED-71, a New Active Vitamin D Analog, on Bone Formation in an Orthopedically Expanded Suture in Rats. A Histomorphometric Study
Authors: Uysal Tancan , Amasyali Mihri , Enhos Sukru , Sonmez Mehmet Fatih , Sagdic Deniz
Published: September 2019

Objectives: The aim of this experimental study was to evaluate the effects of ED-71, a new active vitamin D analog, on bone regeneration in response to expansion of the mid-palatal suture, in rats, histomorphometrically.

Methods: Sixteen male 50-60 days old Wistar rats were separated into two equal groups (control and experimental). Both groups were subjected to expansion, and 30 grams of force was applied to the maxillary incisors with a helical-spring. Experimental group was treated with single-dose ED-71 (0.8 μg/kg body weight) in the mid-palatal suture locally and eight control animals received vehicle solution. Bone regeneration in the mid-palatal suture was evaluated by bone histomorphometric method and mineralized area (Md.Ar), fibrosis area (Fb.Ar), mineralized area/fibrosis area (Md.Ar/ Fb.Ar), bone area (B.Ar) and osteoblast number (N.Ob) parameters were evaluated. Mann Whitney-U test was used for statistical evaluation at P<.05 level.

Results: Statistical analysis showed significant differences between groups for all investigated histomorphometric parameters. Md.Ar (P<.001), Md.Ar/Fb.Ar (P<.001), B.Ar (P<.01) and N.Ob (P<.001) parameters were significantly increased and Fb.Ar (P<.001) measurement was significantly decreased in experimental group. ED-71 group with a mean of 24.55±6.47 showed statistically higher N.Ob than the control group (mean N.Ob: 12.82±5.81).

Conclusions: ED-71 has positive effects on early phase of bone regeneration in the mid-palatal suture in response to expansion and may be beneficial in routine maxillary expansion procedures. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:165-172)
Circulating β1 Adrenergic Autoantibodies from Patients with Chronic Periodontitis Interact with Gingival Fibroblasts
Authors: Sterin-Borda Leonor , Furlan César , Borda Enri
Published: September 2019

Objectives: To demonstrate the presence of circulating autoantibodies (Abs) from patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) that interacted with human gingival fibroblast membranes activating β1 adrenoceptors (β1-AR).

Methods: Sera and purified IgG from 25 patients with CP and 20 age-matched healthy subjects were studied by flow cytometry, ELISA and DNA synthesis. Human gingival fibroblast membranes and/or synthetic peptides with amino acid sequences identical to human β1-AR were used as antigens.

Results: By flow cytometry and ELISA procedures, we proved that the serum-purified IgG fraction from patients with CP reacted with the fibroblast surface and to the β1 synthetic peptide. The corresponding affinity-purified anti-β1 peptide Abs displayed agonist-like activity associated with specific receptor activation, inhibiting the DNA synthesis of human gingival fibroblasts.

Conclusions: This study demonstrates that β1-AR autoantibodies are elevated in patients with CP. These autoantibodies were targeted to the fibroblasts, and specifically to the β1-AR, and has receptor-like activity inhibiting DNA synthesis. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:191-199)
Unusual Synchronous Presentation of Maxillary Sinus Fibrosarcoma and Gemistocytic Astrocytoma with a Complication Called Leukocytoclastic Vasculitis: A Case Report
Authors: Cadir Bilge , Karahan Nermin , Nasir Serdar , Aydin M. Asim , Turkaslan S.Suha
Published: September 2019

Fibrosarcoma of the paranasal sinuses is extremely rare pathology and there is limited report in the literature. We report synchronous presentation of maxillary sinus fibrosarcoma and gemistocytic astrocytoma which is, to our knowledge, unique in the literature. Both tumors metastases to other organ rarely and the metastatic spread of gemistocytic astrocytoma to fibrosarcoma or vice versa have also not been reported in the literature yet. This report discusses the clinical course of the disease, outcome of the treatment approach and survival as well as an unusual occurrence of leukocytoclastic vasculitis during the course of radiotherapy in such unusual presentation. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:233-239)
A New Form of Intraoral Delivery of Antifungal Drugs for the Treatment of Denture-Induced Oral Candidosis
Authors: Amin Wala M. , Al-Ali Muna H. , Salim Nesreen A. , Al-Tarawneh Sandra K.
Published: September 2019

Objectives: To monitor the release of the antifungal drugs Fluconazole, Chlorhexidine and a combination of the two from an auto-polymerized poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) denture base resin; and to investigate the effect of the released drugs upon the growth of Candida albicans.

Methods: A high performance liquid chromatography-Ultra violet (HPLC-UV) method was used in the analysis of the released drugs into distilled water from PMMA discs doped with the antifungal drugs Fluconazole (10%), Chlorhexidine (10%) and a combination of the two drugs (5% each). The antifungal efficacy of the released drugs was monitored, microbiologically, employing “well” technique on a Saborauds culture medium inoculated with a resistant strain of Candida albicans.

Results: It was shown that Fluconazole, Chlorhexidine and the combination of the two drugs can be successfully incorporated with PMMA. It was found that the drugs leach steadily out of the PMMA resin into distilled water at mouth temperature and that sustained drug release continued throughout the 28 days test period. It was also shown that the released drugs demonstrated an antifungal activity against the resistant Candida albicans and this was most remarkable in the combined drugs samples.

Conclusions: The findings of this investigation have a clinical value in terms of their significant contribution to the treatment of fungal infections of the oral cavity. The sustained release of antifungal drugs from the PMMA resin clearly constitutes a new dosage form of these drugs via the poly (methyl methacrylate) delivery system. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:257-266)
Water Absorption and HEMA Release of Resin-Modified Glass-Ionomers
Authors: Beriat Nilufer Celebi , Nalbant Dilek
Published: September 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the water absorption and the amount of hydroxyethyl metacrylate (HEMA) level released from various resin modified glass ionomer cements.

Methods: Advance, Vitremer and Protec-Cem resin modified glass ionomer cements were used to evaluate the HEMA release. Ten specimens were fabricated from each cement in 10 × 1 mm height. Thirty specimens were immersed in glass containers filled with 20 ml deionized water. 1 ml solution was taken from the container at 10 minutes, 1 hour, 24 hour and 7 days intervals from each group and analyzed with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) machine and the results are presented in ppm. The data were subjected to Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests at a 0.05 significance level.

Results: At all time intervals Vitremer showed highest HEMA release (10 min: 54.2 ppm; 1 h: 86.8 ppm; 24 h: 93.4 ppm) (P=0.0001). At the end of 10 minutes and first hour, following Vitremer, HEMA release was highest for Protec-Cem (10 min: 14.8 ppm; 1 h: 23.6 ppm) and then Advance (10 min: 5.5 ppm; 1 h: 18.8 ppm) (P<.05). Water absorption tests were performed according to the specifications of ISO 4049. Water absorption was highest for Vitremer and lowest for the Protec-Cem and the difference among cement groups was significant (P<.005).

Conclusions: Vitremer showed the highest HEMA release and water absorption values and Protec-Cem showed the lowest values. HEMA release by time was significant for Advance cement. This
release may be relevant both to the risk of adverse pulpal responses in patients and to the risk of allergy in patients and dental personnel. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:267-272)
Incidence of Postoperative Pain after Single- and Multi-Visit Endodontic Treatment in Teeth with Vital and Non-Vital Pulp
Authors: Ince Bayram , Ercan Ertugrul , Dalli Mehmet , Dulgergil Coruh Turksel , Zorba Yahya Orcun , Colak Hakan
Published: September 2019

Objectives: To assess the incidence of postoperative pain after single- and multi-visit endodontic treatment of teeth with vital and non-vital pulp.

Methods: In total, 306 patients with teeth requiring endodontic treatment were identified and were included in this study. Two experienced clinicians treated the patients, who were randomly assigned to two groups. While the teeth of patients in group 1 were obturated, group 2 were temporarily sealed and obturated after one week. Three days after the root canal instrumentation of each tooth, the patients were asked whether they experienced any postoperative pain and to rate the level of discomfort as no, mild, moderate, or severe pain. Data were analyzed statistically using the chisquare test.

Results: No significant difference in postoperative pain was found between vital and non-vital teeth (P>.01). Mild, moderate, and severe pain occurred in 31.4, 13.7, and 4.6% of vital teeth, respectively. Postoperative pain occurred in 107 (69.9%) and 106 (69.3%) teeth in the single- and multi-visit treatment groups, respectively. There was no significant difference in postoperative pain between the two groups (P>.01).

Conclusions: The prevalence of postoperative pain did not differ between vital and non-vital teeth. The majority of patients in either groups reported no or only mild pain. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:273-279)
Biopure MTAD Induces DNA Damage but Not Cellular Death: An In Vitro Study
Authors: Marins Juliana Soares Roter , Sassone Luciana Moura , Ribeiro Daniel Araki
Published: September 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the capacity of BioPure MTAD to induce genetic damage in vitro. Genotoxicity was assessed by the single cell gel (comet) assay.

Methods: Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells or murine fibroblasts cells were exposed to increasing final concentrations ranging from 0.1 a 10%. All treatments were performed for 1 hour at 37°C. The negative control group was treated with vehicle control (phosphate buffer solution - PBS) for 1 hour at 37°C and the positive control group was treated with methylmetanesulfonate (at 1 µM) for 1 hour at 37°C.

Results: Present results showed that the BioPure MTAD was able to promote DNA breakage in
CHO cells only at the highest concentration tested as well as to induce significant increase in tail moment at all tested concentrations in murine fibroblasts.

Conclusions: In summary, our results indicate that BioPure MTAD is a genotoxic agent as depicted by the single cell gel (comet) assay. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:285-289)
Treatment of Gingival Recessions Associated to Cervical Abrasion Lesions with Subepithelial Connective Tissue Graft: A Case Report
Authors: Deliberador Tatiana M. , Bosco Alvaro F. , Martins Thiago M. , Nagata Maria J. H.
Published: September 2019

Extensive gingival recessions associated with cervical abrasions are common among the population. Several different surgical and/or restorative therapies have been proposed to correct these lesions. This manuscript reports the treatment of multiple gingival recessions associatedto cervical abrasions. The procedure involved the utilization of subepithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) combined with coronally advanced flap onto a previously restored root surface. At the postoperative follow-up visits, the success of the restorative/surgical approach was confirmed by the absence of bleeding to probing and periodontal pockets as well as presence of gingival tissue with normal color, texture and contouring. After 18 months of follow-up, the clinical conditions are stable with satisfactory root coverage and periodontal health. An excellent esthetical outcome was achieved and the patient is satisfied with case resolution. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:318-323)
Image Post-Processing in Dental Practice
Authors: Gormez Ozlem , Yilmaz Hasan Huseyin
Published: September 2019

Image post-processing of dental digital radiographs, a function which used commonly in dental practice is presented in this article. Digital radiography has been available in dentistry for more than 25 years and its use by dental practitioners is steadily increasing. Digital acquisition of radiographs enables computer-based image post-processing to enhance image quality and increase the accuracy of interpretation. Image post-processing applications can easily be practiced in dental office by a computer and image processing programs. In this article, image post-processing operations such as image restoration, image enhancement, image analysis, image synthesis, and image compression, and their diagnostic efficacy is described. In addition this article provides general dental practitioners with a broad overview of the benefits of the different image post-processing operations to help them understand the role of that the technology can play in their practices. (Eur J Dent 2009;3:343-347)