bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Anxiety Disorders Among Students of Adolescent Age Group in Selected Schools of Tiruchirappalli, South India: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Muthusamy Anbarasi , Gajendran Rajkumar , Thangavel Pavithra
Published: September 2022

Background:

Anxiety is one of the most common mental disorders among school-going children and adolescents worldwide. Multiple factors like internalization of the symptoms, lack of proper objective assessment, societal stigmatization, and influence of parental pressure may alter the prevalence and incidence.

Aim:

The current study is done to identify the prevalence of anxiety disorders in school children and their associated risk factors.

Method:

A total of 550 students (266 boys and 284 girls), studying in grades 8 to 12 in urban and rural schools chosen by stratified random sampling, were subjected to a questionnaire survey by the team of trained investigators using “Screen for Child Anxiety and Emotion-related Disorder (SCARED)—child Version.”

Results:

Total prevalence of anxiety assessed using the SCARED scale was 51%. The prevalence of subtypes of anxiety disorders was also identified viz, generalized anxiety disorder—16%, panic disorder—23%, school phobia—17%, separation anxiety—31%, and social phobia—13%. All the disorders showed higher incidence in girls ( P < .01).

Discussion:

The anxiety disorders were associated significantly with students from rural schools, those studying in the Tamil medium, those staying in hostels, students who had mothers who were employed, and living in extended family environments. Students who walked to school and who had neither of their parents as caregivers were more likely to have panic disorder, school phobia, social phobia, and separation anxiety disorder.

Conclusion:

This study documented a higher prevalence of anxiety disorders and subtypes and highlighted the factors associated with anxiety disorders in school students of the adolescent age group.
Interstate Migration in India During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Analysis Based on Mobile Visitor Location Register and Roaming Data
Authors: Nizam Arif , Sivakumar P. , Rajan S. Irudaya
Published: September 2022

In migration and mobility studies, the availability of scientifically reliable data remains a persistent challenge. The recent move towards harnessing mobile and big data has also been unable to resolve the data issues due to accessibility, privacy, as well as ethical and methodological intricacies involved with such data sets. In this paper, we explore a new set of data known as visitor location register (VLR) and roaming data, which is recorded and reported by mobile service providers. The reporting model of VLR data used and presented in this paper is not only free from privacy and ethical concerns but also methodologically sound and simple to compute as compared to any previous approaches. Drawing on VLR data, this paper finds direct evidence of unusually high interstate net reverse migration during the first and second COVID-19 lockdowns in India (44.13 and 26.3 million, respectively), and thereafter quick return migration back to cities during unlocks. The findings from this paper also provide insights into evolving migration directions, precarity, pockets of origin and destination and state policies in containing reverse migration during lockdowns in India. We anticipate that the data presented in the paper have the potential to fill a major data gap in migration and mobility studies in other countries too if VLR and roaming data are made available at the required spatial and temporal levels.
When the Lewisian Dream Sours: Industrial Aspirations and Reverse Labour Migration
Authors: Mezzadri Alessandra , Banerjee Kaustav
Published: September 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has escalated processes of labour transition from industrial work to the informal economy, which have always characterized the life of the working poor. This paper explores this kind of reverse transition, that is, when the Lewisian dream of having an industrial job comes to an end, and workers are forced into a reverse migration. Specifically, the paper focuses on the post-industrial experiences of former Indian garment workers leaving the National Capital Region and moving back to Bihar. Emphasis is placed on workers’ reasons for leaving the industry and their current employment and reproductive strategies. Findings are based on a sample of 50 former workers, identified in urban industrial hamlets and traced back to their place of origin. Respondents’ experiences are analysed based on semi-quantitative questionnaires and life histories. Findings reveal that upon leaving the factory, workers find alternative informal employment through caste or social networks whilst using land as safety net. They suggest that farming and informal work are not alternative but rather complementary income and work strategies. By adopting a life-cycle approach to studying labour transitions across formal and informal employment domains, this analysis contributes to policy debates on decent work.
A Case Study of Service Design and Experience Innovation in Cultural Heritage ServicescapeÑTake Tai Kwun and Hayashi Department Store as Examples
Authors: Ng Wai-Kit , Chen Chun-Liang
Published: September 2022

For cultural heritage around the world, the servicescape is a key factor that affects the visitor’s experience and engagement. The purpose of this article is to rummage about the current situation of commercial cultural heritage in Asia, bringing consult to the design of cultural heritage. Through an exploratory study, this paper examines how the experiential spaces of the Hayashi Department Store and Tai Kwun are designed and established. This article examined the link between service design and customer experience through a service design perspective. This study further extended the that managers can enhance the visitor experience through service design and experience innovation concepts to create a good reputation and customer willingness to return. The case comparison revealed three important factors in designing experience spaces: Cross-domain teams, heritage restoration and people engagement.
Carboxypeptidase G and pterin deaminase metabolic pathways degrade folic acid in Variovorax sp. F1
Authors: You Yungmi , Doi Yuki , Maeda Norifumi , Masuo Shunsuke , Takeshita Norio , Takaya Naoki
Published: September 2022

Background

Folic acid (FA) is a synthetic vitamin (B9) and the oxidized form of a metabolic cofactor that is essential for life. Although the biosynthetic mechanisms of FA are established, its environmental degradation mechanism has not been fully elucidated. The present study aimed to identify bacteria in soil that degrade FA and the mechanisms involved.

Results

We isolated the soil bacterium Variovorax sp. F1 from sampled weed rhizospheres in a grassland and investigated its FA degradation mechanism. Cultured Variovorax sp. F1 rapidly degraded FA to pteroic acid (PA), indicating that FA hydrolysis to PA and glutamate. We cloned the carboxypeptidase G (CPG) gene and found widely distributed paralogs within the Variovorax genus. Recombinant CPG preferred FA and deaminofolic acid as substrates, indicating its involvement in FA degradation by Variovorax. Prolonged culture of Variovorax sp. F1 resulted in decreased rates of deaminofolic acid (DFA) and deaminopteroic acid (DPA) accumulation. This indicated that the deamination reaction also comprised a route of FA degradation. We also identified an F1 gene that was orthologous to the pterin deaminase gene (Arad3529) of Agrobacterium radiobacter. The encoded protein deaminated FA and PA to DFA and DPA, which was consistent with the deamination activity of FA and PA in bacterial cell-free extracts.

Conclusion

We discovered that the two enzymes required for FA degradation pathways in isolates of Variovorax sp. F1 comprise CPG and pterin deaminase, and that DFA and PA are intermediates in the generation of DPA.
Left ventricular function and coronary microcirculation in patients with mild reduced ejection fraction after STEMI
Authors: Ma Yuliang , Wang Lan , Jin Wenying , Zhu Tiangang , Liu Jian , Zhao Hong , Wang Jing , Lu Mingyu , Cao Chengfu , Jiang Bailin
Published: September 2022

Background

The characteristics of heart failure (HF) with mildly reduced ejection fraction (EF) (HFmrEF) overlap with those of HF with reduced EF (HFrEF) and HF with preserved EF (HFpEF) and need to be further explored. This study aimed to evaluate left ventricular (LV) function and coronary microcirculation in patients with mildly reduced ejection fraction after acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

Methods

We enrolled 119 patients with STEMI who had undergone speckle tracking imaging and myocardial contrast echocardiography during hospitalization from June 2016 to June 2021. They were classified into normal, HFmrEF, and HFrEF groups according to their left ventricular EF (LVEF): ≥ 50%, 40–50%, and ≤ 40%, respectively. The data of the HFmrEF group were analyzed and compared with those of the normal and HFrEF groups.

Results

HFmrEF was observed in 32 patients (26.9%), HFrEF in 17 (14.3%), and normal LVEF in 70 patients (58.8%). The mean global longitudinal strain (GLS) of all patients was − 11.9 ± 3.8%. The GLS of HFmrEF patients was not significantly different from that of the HFrEF group (− 9.9 ± 2.5% and − 8.0 ± 2.3%, respectively, P = 0.052), but they were both lower than that of the normal group (− 13.8% ± 3.5%, P < 0.001). The HFmrEF group exhibited significantly poorer myocardial perfusion index (1.24 ± 0.33) than the normal group (1.08 ± 0.14, P = 0.005) but displayed no significant difference from the HFrEF group (1.18 ± 0.19, P = 0.486). Moreover, a significant difference in the incidence of regional wall motion (WM) abnormalities in the three groups was observed (P = 0.009), and the WM score index of patients with HFmrEF was 1.76 ± 0.30, similar to that of patients with HFrEF (1.81 ± 0.43, P = 0.618), but poorer than that in the normal group (1.33 ± 0.25, P < 0.001).

Conclusions

GLS is a more sensitive tool than LVEF for detecting LV systolic dysfunction. The LV systolic function, coronary microcirculation, and WM in patients with HFmrEF was poorer than that of patients with normal LVEF, but comparable to that in patients with HFrEF. Patients with HFmrEF after STEMI require more attention and appropriate management.
Antenatal care as a risk factor for caesarean section: a case study in Brazil
Authors: Fabbro Márcia Regina Cangiani , Wernet Monika , Baraldi Nayara Girardi , de Castro Bussadori Jamile Claro , Salim Natália Rejane , Souto Bernardino Geraldo Alves , dos Reis Fermiano Andréa
Published: September 2022

Background

Antenatal care is an important tool to prevent complications and decrease the incidence of maternal and antenatal morbidity and mortality. In Brazil, quality, access, and coverage of antenatal care are described as insufficient. Consequently, high rates of caesarean section, congenital morbidities such as syphilis, maternal and early neonatal mortality occur, as well as obstetric violence and dissatisfaction with healthcare. It is important to reflect on health disparities in antenatal care. This study aimed to carry out a critical analysis of antenatal care in one city of São Paulo state in Brazil.

Methods

A case study was performed, structured in a descriptive cross-sectional epidemiological study and two qualitative studies. Data for the epidemiological study was obtained from the Informatics Department of the Unified Health System (DATASUS) of Brazil, which was processed in the Epi-info v software 7.2. and treated descriptively and by the Mantel–Haenszel or Fisher's exact tests. Qualitative data was collected through semi-structured interviews with 30 pregnant women and 8 nurses in the primary healthcare service of one city in São Paulo. The qualitative data analysis was based on thematic content analysis.

Results

The data revealed a limited quality of antenatal care. More than six antenatal visits increased the probability of a caesarean section by 47% and babies born vaginally had a lower Apgar score. There was little participation of nurses in antenatal care and women described it as “a quick medical appointment”, limited by protocols, based on procedures and insufficient in dialogue. Antenatal care appeared to be fragmented and permeated by challenges that involve the need for change in management, performance, and ongoing training of professionals, as well as in the guarantee of women’s rights.

Conclusions

Caesarean section was statistically related to the number of antenatal care visits. Interactions between professionals and pregnant women were poor and resulted in dissatisfaction. There is an urgent need to connect health indicators with the findings from professionals and women’s experiences to improve the quality of antenatal care.
Use of convalescent plasma in pregnant women with early stage COVID-19 infection in a tertiary care hospital in Dubai, February to March 2021: a case series study
Authors: Adan Heba , Harb Deemah , Hazari Komal , Abdelkareem Widad , Khan Fareeda Nikhat , Zouaoui Maryam , Raouf May , Elsawy Doaa , Azar Aida Joseph , Khamis Amar Hassan , Ammar Abeer
Published: September 2022

Background

The use of COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy is intriguing in view of its safety profile in pregnancy and historical precedence of the use of plasma for other viral illnesses. This study aimed to evaluate the use of CCP in pregnant women with early COVID-19 infection.

Methods

This is a retrospective case series study. We have included seven pregnant women admitted with early COVID-19 infection to a tertiary care hospital, Latifa Maternity Hospital in Dubai, United Arab Emirates between 12 February and 04 March 2021 and who consented to receive COVID-19 convalescent plasma as part of their treatment plan. Main outcomes measured were clinical and radiological features, laboratory tests, WHO clinical progression scale pre and post treatment, and maternal, fetal outcomes. COVID-19 clinical severity was classified according to the NIH guidelines for criteria of SARS-CoV-2. For the radiological features, a modified chest X-ray scoring system was used where each lung was divided into 6 zones (3 on each side upper, middle, and lower). Opacities were classified into reticular, ground glass, patchy and dense consolidations patterns.

Results

Seven pregnant women with early COVID-19 were enrolled in this study, their mean age was 28 years (SD 3.6). Four had comorbidities: 2 with diabetes, 1 with asthma, and 1 was obese. Five patients were admitted with a WHO clinical progression score of 4 (hospitalized; with no oxygen therapy) and 2 with a score of 5 (hospitalized; oxygen by mask/nasal prongs). Upon follow up on day 10, 6 patients had a WHO score of 1 or 2 (asymptomatic/mild symptoms) indicating clinical recovery. Adverse reactions were reported in 2 patients, one reported a mild skin rash, and another developed transfusion related circulatory overload. All patients were discharged alive.

Conclusion

CCP seems to be a promising modality of treating COVID-19 infected pregnant women. However, further studies are needed to ascertain the efficacy of CCP in preventing progressive disease in the management of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women.
Novel effect of the high risk-HPV E7 CKII phospho-acceptor site on polarity protein expression
Authors: Dizanzo María Paula , Bugnon Valdano Marina , Basukala Om , Banks Lawrence , Gardiol Daniela
Published: September 2022

Background

Oncogenic Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) base their transforming potential on the action of both E6 and E7 viral oncoproteins, which perform cooperative or antagonistic actions and thus interfere with a variety of relevant cellular targets. Among them, the expression of some PDZ-containing polarity proteins, as DLG1 and hScrib, is altered during the HPV life cycle and the consequent malignant transformation. Together with the well-established interference of E6 with PDZ proteins, we have recently shown that E7 viral oncoprotein is also responsible for the changes in abundance and localization of DLG1 observed in HPV-associated lesions. Given that the mechanisms involved remained only partially understood, we here thoroughly analyse the contribution of a crucial E7 post-translational modification: its CKII-dependent phosphorylation. Moreover, we extended our studies to hScrib, in order to investigate possible conserved regulatory events among diverse PDZ targets of HPV.

Methods

We have acutely analysed the expression of DLG1 and hScrib in restrictive conditions for E7 phosphorylation by CKII in epithelial culture cells by western blot and confocal fluorescence microscopy. We made use of genome-edited HPV-positive cells, specific inhibitors of CKII activity and transient expression of the viral oncoproteins, including a mutant version of E7.

Results

We here demonstrate that the functional phosphorylation of E7 oncoprotein by the CKII cellular kinase, a key regulatory event for its activities, is also crucial to counteract the E6-mediated degradation of the PDZ-polarity protein DLG1 and to promote its subcellular redistribution. Moreover, we show that the CKII-dependent phosphorylation of E7 is able to control the expression of another PDZ target of HPV: hScrib. Remarkably, we found this is a shared feature among different oncogenic HPV types, suggesting a common path towards viral pathogenesis.

Conclusions

The present study sheds light into the mechanisms behind the misexpression of PDZ-polarity proteins during HPV infections. Our findings stress the relevance of the CKII-mediated regulation of E7 activities, providing novel insights into the joint action of HPV oncoproteins and further indicating a conserved and most likely crucial mechanism during the viral life cycle and the associated transformation.
Double-counting of populations in evidence synthesis in public health: a call for awareness and future methodological development
Authors: Hussein Humaira , Nevill Clareece R. , Meffen Anna , Abrams Keith R. , Bujkiewicz Sylwia , Sutton Alex J. , Gray Laura J.
Published: September 2022

Background

There is a growing interest in the inclusion of real-world and observational studies in evidence synthesis such as meta-analysis and network meta-analysis in public health. While this approach offers great epidemiological opportunities, use of such studies often introduce a significant issue of double-counting of participants and databases in a single analysis. Therefore, this study aims to introduce and illustrate the nuances of double-counting of individuals in evidence synthesis including real-world and observational data with a focus on public health.

Methods

The issues associated with double-counting of individuals in evidence synthesis are highlighted with a number of case studies. Further, double-counting of information in varying scenarios is discussed with potential solutions highlighted.

Results

Use of studies of real-world data and/or established cohort studies, for example studies evaluating the effectiveness of therapies using health record data, often introduce a significant issue of double-counting of individuals and databases. This refers to the inclusion of the same individuals multiple times in a single analysis. Double-counting can occur in a number of manners, such as, when multiple studies utilise the same database, when there is overlapping timeframes of analysis or common treatment arms across studies. Some common practices to address this include synthesis of data only from peer-reviewed studies, utilising the study that provides the greatest information (e.g. largest, newest, greater outcomes reported) or analysing outcomes at different time points.

Conclusions

While common practices currently used can mitigate some of the impact of double-counting of participants in evidence synthesis including real-world and observational studies, there is a clear need for methodological and guideline development to address this increasingly significant issue.
Employing cognitive interviewing to evaluate, improve and validate items for measuring the health-related quality of life of women diagnosed with ovarian cancer
Authors: Boban Sharolin Ann , Bulsara Caroline , Codde Jim , Cohen Paul A. , Downs Jenny
Published: September 2022

Background

Use of patient-reported outcome measures in clinical settings facilitate the delivery of better health care to improve patient health outcomes. Previously collected qualitative data indicated themes that could inform items for a health-related quality of life measure. This study investigated the content validity of items for inclusion in a new health-related quality of life measure suitable for patients with ovarian cancer.

Methods

Cognitive interviewing techniques were used with fourteen women diagnosed with ovarian cancer and at different times since diagnosis, to evaluate items derived from the previously collected qualitative dataset. A set of draft items was administered via telephone, Zoom and WhatsApp app together with questions on item meaning and wording. Interviews were transcribed and thematically analysed.

Results

Four broad themes emerged in relation to the questionnaire construction and comprehension of items: intent and clarity, wording, relevance and context, and overall questionnaire construct. All draft items were adjusted based on the interview findings. A final set of 38 health-related quality of life items comprised 7 items describing physical health and functioning, 21 describing emotional wellbeing and 10 items describing social wellbeing; each rated on a five-point frequency response scale.

Conclusion

The items reflected a range of personal experiences associated with the patient clinical journey, creating a health-related quality of life tool specific to women diagnosed with ovarian cancer. The cognitive interviewing process established content validity for the tool, thereby, preparing it for field testing and evaluation of its psychometric properties. This study highlighted the fundamental role of cognitive interviewing during health-related quality of life questionnaire development to ensure that item content is grounded in patient feelings, functioning and meaning.
ARID1A-dependent maintenance of H3.3 is required for repressive CHD4-ZMYND8 chromatin interactions at super-enhancers
Authors: Reske Jake J. , Wilson Mike R. , Armistead Brooke , Harkins Shannon , Perez Cristina , Hrit Joel , Adams Marie , Rothbart Scott B. , Missmer Stacey A. , Fazleabas Asgerally T. , Chandler Ronald L.
Published: September 2022

Background

SWI/SNF (BAF) chromatin remodeling complexes regulate lineage-specific enhancer activity by promoting accessibility for diverse DNA-binding factors and chromatin regulators. Additionally, they are known to modulate the function of the epigenome through regulation of histone post-translational modifications and nucleosome composition, although the way SWI/SNF complexes govern the epigenome remains poorly understood. Here, we investigate the function of ARID1A, a subunit of certain mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes associated with malignancies and benign diseases originating from the uterine endometrium.

Results

Through genome-wide analysis of human endometriotic epithelial cells, we show that more than half of ARID1A binding sites are marked by the variant histone H3.3, including active regulatory elements such as super-enhancers. ARID1A knockdown leads to H3.3 depletion and gain of canonical H3.1/3.2 at ARID1A-bound active regulatory elements, and a concomitant redistribution of H3.3 toward genic elements. ARID1A interactions with the repressive chromatin remodeler CHD4 (NuRD) are associated with H3.3, and ARID1A is required for CHD4 recruitment to H3.3. ZMYND8 interacts with CHD4 to suppress a subset of ARID1A, CHD4, and ZMYND8 co-bound, H3.3+ H4K16ac+ super-enhancers near genes governing extracellular matrix, motility, adhesion, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Moreover, these gene expression alterations are observed in human endometriomas.

Conclusions

These studies demonstrate that ARID1A-containing BAF complexes are required for maintenance of the histone variant H3.3 at active regulatory elements, such as super-enhancers, and this function is required for the physiologically relevant activities of alternative chromatin remodelers.
Isolation and characterization of bioethanol producing wild yeasts from bio-wastes and co-products of sugar factories
Authors: Hawaz Estifanos , Tafesse Mesfin , Tesfaye Anteneh , Beyene Dereje , Kiros Solomon , Kebede Gessese , Boekhout Teun , Theelen Bart , Groenewald Marizeth , Degefe Ayantu , Degu Sissay , Admas Alene , Muleta Diriba
Published: September 2022

Purpose

Yeasts are widely used for the production of bioethanol from biomasses rich in sugar. The present study was aimed at isolating, screening, and characterizing fermentative wild yeast recovered from bio-waste and co-products of Ethiopian sugar factories for bioethanol production using sugarcane molasses as a substrate.

Method

The wild yeasts were identified according to their cellular morphology and D1/D2 and ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 rDNA sequencing. Analysis of ethanol and by-product concentration was done by HPLC equipped with a UV detector. Higher alcohols, acetaldehyde, and methanol were analyzed using GC-MS equipped with a flame ionization detector (FID).

Result

Seven strains (Meyerozyma caribbica MJTm3, Meyerozyma caribbica MJTPm4, Meyerozyma caribbica SHJF, Saccharomyces cerevisiae TA2, Wickerhamomyces anomalus MJTPm2, Wickerhamomyces anomalus 4m10, and Wickerhamomyces anomalus HCJ2F) were found tolerant to 18% (v/v) ethanol, whereas one strain Meyerozyma caribbica MJTm3 tolerated 20%. These strains also showed tolerance to 45°C, 50% of sugar, and pH 2–10. Meyerozyma caribbica MJTm3 produced 12.7% (v/v) of alcohol with an actual ethanol concentration of 26 g L−1, an ethanol yield of 47%, 78% of theoretical yield, and a productivity of 0.54 g L−1 h−1 from 30 °Brix of molasses at 48 h incubation under laboratory scale. Based on the one variable at a time optimization (OVAT), the optimal parameters for maximum bioethanol production were at initial pH 5.5, 35 °Brix, 30°C, 15% inoculum size, 150 rpm, 4 g L−1 di-ammonium phosphate supplement, and 48 h incubation. Under these optimum conditions, 14% (v/v) alcohol, 42 g L−1 actual ethanol concentration, 69% ethanol yield, 89% of theoretical yield, and productivity of 0.88 g L−1 h−1 were obtained.

Conclusion

These results indicated that M. caribbica MJTm3 should further be evaluated, optimized, and improved for industrial bioethanol production due to its fermentation potential.
Efficient updating of regional supply and use tables with the national-level statistics
Authors: Hutniczak Barbara
Published: September 2022

Supply and use tables (SUTs) lay out a detailed picture of the entire economy, providing an overview of the production process and use of commodities. The governmental agencies produce these mainly at the national level to derive components related to the calculation of the gross domestic product (GDP). The national SUTs, however, do not capture the heterogeneity of regions within a country. The regional SUTs, on the other hand, are difficult and costly to compile. In the absence of regularly compiled regional SUTs, analysts typically resort to hybrid models based on mechanically updated tables with less extensive data requirements. However, the approaches currently available in the literature do not necessarily guarantee a consistent structure of the SUTs when there is a mismatch in spatial scale at which sectoral output data are available. Building on the multiregional generalized RAS, this paper proposes a modification to the structure of the benchmark matrix that guarantees the supply–use accounting balance as well as the identity of GDP by income and GDP by expenditure at the regional level in the projected matrix. As a result, the procedure allows for efficient production of regional SUTs appropriate for calculating multiplier effects from the national-level statistics.
Identifying Algeria’s de facto exchange rate regime: a wavelet-based approach
Authors: Chekouri Sidi Mohammed , Chibi Abderrahim , Benbouziane Mohamed
Published: September 2022

The Central Bank of Algeria has announced a managed float of the Algerian dinar since 1994. Yet, there are some substantial differences between various de facto classifications of Algeria’s exchange rate regime. This study looks into the exchange rate regime of Algeria, aiming to identify de facto regime. To identify the implicit basket weights for the Algerian dinar, first the OLS rolling window methodology is used to estimate the celebrated Frankel-Wei regression. Then, the wavelet-based methods are applied to study the co-movement patterns of the exchange rates of the Algerian dinar, US dollar, and Euro. In the main, the OLS rolling window results show that the US dollar and the Euro are the currencies with the most influence over the Algerian dinar. Further, from the Wavelet Multiple Correlation (WMC) results, the US dollar is identified as the potential leader in the implicit basket for the Algerian dinar. Additionally, from the Wavelet Local Multiple Correlation (WLMC) results, it is found that the Algerian DZD, US dollar, and Euro are highly correlated, with a correlation value around 0.90 for most of the time scales. Based on the results obtained, we suggest that Algeria’s exchange rate regime could be a crawling peg and band around the US dollar and Euro.
Calcium oxalate crystals trigger epithelial-mesenchymal transition and carcinogenic features in renal cells: a crossroad between kidney stone disease and renal cancer
Authors: Peerapen Paleerath , Boonmark Wanida , Putpeerawit Pattaranit , Thongboonkerd Visith
Published: September 2022

Increasing evidence of association between kidney stone disease (KSD) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has been reported. Nevertheless, mechanism underlying such association remained unknown. Herein, we investigated the effects of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM), a major crystalline component causing KSD, on induction of carcinogenic features in non-cancerous renal cells. COM crystals induced morphological changes from epithelial to fibroblast-like spindle shape. Additionally, COM increased spindle index and mesenchymal markers (fibronectin and vimentin) but declined epithelial markers (E-cadherin and zonula occludens-1). Moreover, COM down-regulated ARID1A, a tumor suppressor gene recently reported to be reversely associated with RCC, at both mRNA and protein levels. COM also down-regulated other RCC-related tumor suppressor genes, PTEN and VHL, but up-regulated oncogene TPX2. Finally, COM enhanced invading capability, cell-aggregate formation, chemoresistance to cisplatin, and secretion of an angiogenic factor (VEGF). These data indicate that COM crystals trigger epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and several carcinogenic features in the non-cancerous renal cells. These mechanisms may explain and strengthen the association between KSD and RCC.
Efficient compartmentalization in insect bacteriomes protects symbiotic bacteria from host immune system
Authors: Ferrarini Mariana Galvão , Dell’Aglio Elisa , Vallier Agnès , Balmand Séverine , Vincent-Monégat Carole , Hughes Sandrine , Gillet Benjamin , Parisot Nicolas , Zaidman-Rémy Anna , Vieira Cristina , Heddi Abdelaziz , Rebollo Rita
Published: September 2022

Background

Many insects house symbiotic intracellular bacteria (endosymbionts) that provide them with essential nutrients, thus promoting the usage of nutrient-poor habitats. Endosymbiont seclusion within host specialized cells, called bacteriocytes, often organized in a dedicated organ, the bacteriome, is crucial in protecting them from host immune defenses while avoiding chronic host immune activation. Previous evidence obtained in the cereal weevil Sitophilus oryzae has shown that bacteriome immunity is activated against invading pathogens, suggesting endosymbionts might be targeted and impacted by immune effectors during an immune challenge. To pinpoint any molecular determinants associated with such challenges, we conducted a dual transcriptomic analysis of S. oryzae’s bacteriome subjected to immunogenic peptidoglycan fragments.

Results

We show that upon immune challenge, the bacteriome actively participates in the innate immune response via induction of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Surprisingly, endosymbionts do not undergo any transcriptomic changes, indicating that this potential threat goes unnoticed. Immunohistochemistry showed that TCT-induced AMPs are located outside the bacteriome, excluding direct contact with the endosymbionts.

Conclusions

This work demonstrates that endosymbiont protection during an immune challenge is mainly achieved by efficient confinement within bacteriomes, which provides physical separation between host systemic response and endosymbionts.
Factors predicting complications, neurologic deterioration and mortality for patients with meningioma surgery: An observational study
Authors: Utama Aji Setia , Wahyuhadi Joni , Arifin Muhammad , Al Fauzi Asra , Lestari Pudji , Kusumastuti Kurnia , Al-Farabi Makhyan Jibril , Mannagalli Yusuf
Published: September 2022

Background: Meningiomas are the second most common intracranial neoplasm, contributing to 30% of all intracranial tumors. Clinical examination, anatomical pathology testing, CT, and MRI are required to confirm the meningioma diagnosis. Surgery is the therapy of choice for meningiomas. Understanding factors affecting the outcome of meningioma surgery is critical to predicting the outcome of meningioma surgery.

Methods: A retrospective analytic method was conducted in this study, which included meningioma patients who underwent surgery at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital between January 2014 and December 2020. The study incorporated secondary data in the form of medical records. Data collection was followed by binomial logistic regression analysis using SPSS IBM 25.

Results:  A total of 440 samples of patients with meningiomas were obtained through medical records. Post-operative hematoma (2.5%), postoperative infection (3.0%), neurologic deterioration (3.9%), and 30-day mortality (2.3%) were the postoperative complications reported. Emergency surgery was found to be a significant predictor of postoperative hematoma (p=0.025; OR=4.539; 95% CI: 1.211-17.006), postoperative infection (p=0.015; OR=4.777; 95% CI: 1.362-16.751), neurologic deterioration (p=0.022; OR=5,151; 95% CI: 1,271-20,882), and 30-day mortality (p=0.002; OR=17,874; 95% CI: 2,933-108,915). Simpson Grade IV (p=0.016; OR=33,524; 95% CI: 1.905-590.056) was a significant predictive factor for postoperative hematomas. Post-operative hematoma was a significant predictive factor for neurologic deterioration (p=0.000; OR=235,807; 95% CI: 38,058-1461,069) and 30-day mortality (p=0.001; OR=40,047; 95% CI: 4,985-321,699).

Conclusions: Post-operative complications following meningioma surgery may result in high morbidity and mortality. The predictive factors for meningioma surgery complications were identified in this study. Knowledge of these factors may aid in preventing or predicting meningioma surgery complications.
STUDY OF THE CATEGORY OF THE GENRE ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE SOLID FORM OF THE SONNET
Authors: Kuznetsova Natalya N. , Shevyakova Irina A.
Published: September 2022

The article is devoted to the consideration of the sonnet genre. This topic is presented in classical poetics and textbooks on philological text analysis. However, in the studies of recent years, it was not covered enough, since it was reduced to the consideration of the genre by specific authors or by comparison in the poetry of different peoples. In the course of the philological analysis of the text, the problem of the genre is reduced only to its indication. Nevertheless, in the genre structure of a work of art, formal features are inextricably linked with meaningful ones. Therefore, the relevance of this topic is due to the need to focus on their interaction. The research problem is to find effective ways to achieve this.

The aim of the study is to systematize the requirements of the sonnet genre for content and form and conduct a comparative analysis of the canonical and non-canonical sonnets.

The methods of the study are as follows: method of observation and descriptive, structural-semantic, which consists in describing the semantics of language units of different levels in different contexts, as well as comparative – comparing canonical and non-canonical sonnets. It is he who allows us to trace how formal and meaningful features interact in a sonnet.

Results of the study: it was stated it is the comparative analysis that allows us to work out the skills of determining the formal and substantive features of a sonnet and, using the example of their interaction, to trace the way the elements of form can act as elements of content in the literary text.
PREDICTORS OF WORKERS’ PROTEST IN THE USSR AT THE END OF THE 1920S – THE BEGINNING OF THE 1930S: SOCIAL IDENTITY AND SELF-EFFICIENCY (BY THE MATERIALS OF THE LOWER VOLGA REGION)
Authors: Tyurin Alexey O.
Published: September 2022

Justification. The article deals with the protest behavior of Soviet workers of the Lower Volga region in the late 1920s – the first half of the 1930s by analyzing predictors of collective actions: social identity and self-efficacy, which are the subject of the study.

Objective. The objective of the study is to explore the potential of labor protest in the conditions of social crisis in the Lower Volga region in the late 1920s - first half of the 1930s. The scientific novelty lies in the absence of similar historical studies on this problem in regional historiography, as well as in the introduction into scientific circulation of a number of archival documents.

Materials and methods. In the article, when studying predictors of collective actions, historical-typological, historical-comparative and historical-genetic research methods are used. Аn interdisciplinary approach allowed the author to analyze the formation and to assess the potential of labor protest in general. The source material is the information reports and reviews of the OGPU, which concentrate data on the protest behavior of the population, and the theoretical basis of the study was the scientific works of domestic authors dealing with this problem.

Results. In the late 1920s - the first half of the 1930s, a social crisis broke out in the USSR, which led to an increased number of protest actions, mainly strikes. However, the analysis of predictors of collective actions demonstrated their low efficiency and weak potential of labor protest in general.

Practical implications. The materials obtained in the course of the research and presented in the article can be used by historians studying protest behavior, including that of the proletariat. They can also be applied in the modern educational process.
IMAGE OF THE BEAR IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE ZOOMORPHIC CODE OF THE EVEN CULTURE
Authors: Kuzmina Raisa P.
Published: September 2022

The aim of the study is to characterize the motivating, conceptual, figurative and symbolic features of the concept BEAR in the zoomorphic code of the Even culture.

Methods used in the work: the article uses the method of continuous sampling, the method of field ethnography, interviewing, as well as linguistic and cultural methods.

Research results: representatives of the concept BEAR in the linguistic consciousness of the Evens are allegorical nominations formed from kinship terms, adjective, substantive and verbal lexemes. As a result of the study of the internal form of the words-representatives of the concept BEAR, 31 motivating signs were revealed. Cognitive features are expressed in the form of stable comparisons, formalized by the formants of similarity and comparison - gchin / -gichin, -kchin, -mdas / -mdes. In the Even picture of the world, the BEAR symbolizes the totemic ancestor, the owner of the earth, and the defining symbolic sign of the concept is strength, endurance, fortitude of spirit.

Scope of the results: the linguistic materials and conclusions contained in the work can be used in special courses on ethnolinguistics, on Even linguocultural studies and also applied in lexicographic studies of the Even language and other Tungus-Manchu languages.
SYNTACTICAL MEANS OF EXPRESSING EMOTIONS IN BERNARD MACLAVERTY’S NOVEL GRACE NOTES
Authors: Inzhumarzhan Erlankyzy , Khrushcheva Oksana A.
Published: September 2022

The paper presents the results of the analysis of B. McLaverty’s novel Grace Notes, in particular, those text fragments that reflect the emotions of the main character. The authors focus on the study of syntactic means of expressing the emotional state of the character.

Background. The range of emotions experienced by the heroine is shown by the writer with unique depth and with the help of a variety of expressive means. In the course of the study, it was revealed that the predominant number of language means are syntactic.

Purpose. The purpose of this work is to identify and consider the syntactic means of expressing Catherine McKenna’s emotions, as well as to analyze them.

Materials and methods. The material of the survey is found in the works of linguists on style and the category of emotiveness. When analyzing the material, the method of content analysis was used.

Results. In the course of the study, we identified and analyzed 24 examples from the text of B. McLaverty’s novel Grace Notes, that is, 24 cases of using the syntactic means of expressing the emotions of the main character. The results of the study showed that out of the total number of examples, 11 express the emotion of grief, 5 express sadness, 4 – interest, 2 syntactic means express a sense of satisfaction, 1 – a feeling of surprise.

Thanks to the identification of the syntactic means used by the author, we can trace the change in the emotional state of the main character of the novel, her recovery after the loss of a person close to her, namely the following range of emotions: grief, sadness, interest, satisfaction, surprise.

Practical implications. The study of the syntactic means of expressing emotions used in the novel can serve as a source for further work in a similar aspect by other researchers and might improve the quality of the analysis of means at all language levels.
LEXICAL REPRESENTATION OF FOOD AND THE CHINESE PEOPLE CHARACTERISTICS IN THE REVIEWS OF RUSSIAN TOURISTS ON CHINA
Authors: Weifang Sun
Published: September 2022

Purpose. This study is devoted to identifying lexical and representative features of Chinese food and people in the reviews of Russian tourists on China.

Methodology. The study is based on the descriptive method, including observation, generalization, content analysis and comparison; continuous sampling method and analysis of lexical units.

Results. This study presents the results of the analysis of lexical and representative features of Chinese food and people in the reviews of Russian tourists posted on Internet sites and social networks. The study presents criteria such as: name, taste, appearance, products for manufacturing, nutritional values of Chinese people within the framework of food, according to which Russian tourists evaluate Chinese food.

Practical implications. The results of the study can be applied in teaching culture-oriented linguistic and cultural studies.
MODELING BILINGUAL THESAURUS OF INVESTMENT TERMS
Authors: Shageeva Anna A. , Zhuchkova Elena V. , Solodkina Vera G.
Published: September 2022

The paper is devoted to the principles of compiling a bilingual dictionary of investment terms. In the article, a preparatory stage of thesaurus modeling, including analysis of methodological base and identification of methods, is described. According to the parametric approach underlying the creation of a thesaurus, a number of key parameters of dictionary structures is identified.

Background. The terminology system in the field of the investment activity on the equity market is constantly and intensively updated with new terms. The lack of such type of dictionaries, which are essential for linguists, translators and other professionals in linguistics as well as investors and traders, makes the compiling of the dictionary quite relevant.

Purpose. Identification and description of principles and stages of compiling a bilingual dictionary of investment terms.

Materials and methods. The materials for the study include financial market articles and reviews, fund platforms vocabulary as well as legal documents, governing investments on the stock market. Research methods include continuous sampling method, comparative method and stratification method.

Results. The algorithm for practical stage of working with linguistic material on the example of modeling a dictionary entry of specified dictionary, which describes the term “Stock market index”, is presented.

Practical implications. The practical significance of the research results lies in the possibility of using described principles and stage of compiling a thesaurus as well as a dictionary entry for compiling other dictionaries by linguists and translators.
NEGATIVE PREFIXES IN THE LANGUAGE OF FINANCE: CAN THEY BE THOUGHT-SHAPING?
Authors: Terenin Aleksander V. , Kormiltseva Alevtina L.
Published: September 2022

Purpose. The article highlights the research aimed at assessing correlation between the frequency of negatively prefixed terms in financial discourse and the outlook of the speakers on their economy. The article opens with a historical reference, which briefly features the problems of Sapir-Whorf theory, its achievements and the stages of its development.

Materials and methods. The authors turn to the description of the research procedure, which involved the study of financial texts, their statistic processing, work with respondents and analysis of their feedback. With the focus on the Russian language the study nonetheless employed English texts as its aims required a comparative study.

Results. The discussion centres on the idea that the reasons of the pessimistic view of Russians on their economy may include a language factor, notably the abundant use of negatively prefixed terms.

Practical implications. The authors are assured that the language conceals more phenomena nourishing Russian pessimism about the economy. The study has opened new language areas that can supposedly be viewed as pessimism shaping.