bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
About the First Association of Users of the «MIR» Series Computer
Authors: Glushkova Vera , Zhabin Serhii , Korobkova Tetiana , Bogemska Zoya
Published: March 2023

The article examines the history of the creation and activity of the association of users of the «MIR» line of computers in the 1960 – 1970, which was the first in the USSR. Computers of the «MIR» series were developed under the leadership of academician Glushkov at the Institute of Cybernetics of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR. For «MIR» machines, the audacious task was set to make machine (mathematical) language as close as possible to human language. Thus, not only a programmer engineer (who understands machine codes) could become a user of the new computer, but a wide range of engineers, students and other specialists, after minimal mastering, could independently perform calculations within the limits of their tasks. The «MIR» line of computers implemented the principle of "intellectualization of computers" and it was very popular among a wide range of users (and was also exported to Europe) due to the interface, the possibility of dialogue in simple natural language, developed machine "intelligence". The huge number of publications about «MIR» in the leading mass media and magazines show that in the 1960 – 1970 the maximum possible information field was covered in the fairly closed USSR and prove a conscious and organized information campaign led by V.M. Glushkov and his team. Today we would talk about PR and marketing, but back then we were not advertising a product, but writing about Soviet scientists and their achievements. Several hundred organizations were members of the «MIR» user association. Similar computer associations already existed in the West, but for the socialist economy of the Soviet Union it was a bold and pioneering step. As part of the association's work, conferences and distribution of collections, meetings of users of the «MIR» computer were regularly held. During these meetings and conferences, users considered ways to improve the operation of computers, identified and eliminated shortcomings in the operation of machines, and proposed new technical ideas for implementation in development. The activities of the majority of Kyiv cyberneticians in the association were voluntary. During the Brezhnev stagnation, the format of civil activity of scientists became less and less suited to the state. Despite the huge contribution to the development of IT technologies, the Association of Computer Users «MIR» was closed, and similar associations in the USA and other countries continue to operate today. Keywords: «MIR» computer, the first PC, Institute of Cybernetics of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR, «MIR» computer user association, marketing, information campaign in mass media, intellectualization of computers.
On Subgradient Methods with Polyak’s Step and Space Transformation
Authors: Stovba Viktor , Zhmud Oleksandr
Published: March 2023

Introduction. Minimization of ravine convex functions, both smooth and non-smooth, arises in many problems of planning, control, stability analysis of dynamic systems, artificial intelligence, and machine learning. Therefore, the development of new and improvement of existing methods is an important task, taking into account the fact that more and more frequently the functions to be minimized depend on a large number of variables.
Special attention should be paid to the methods using the operation of linear transformation of space, which allow to improve the properties of the objective function and significantly accelerate its minimization. Known methods of this type, in particular, ellipsoid methods and r-algorithms, require recalculation of the transformation matrix at each iteration. Therefore, the development of methods with a one-time transformation of space, which have a lower cost of iteration, is definitely an urgent task.
The purpose of the article is to review modifications of subgradient method with Polyak’s step that use a scalar parameter m(1 and one-time space transformation operation. Supplement the justification of the convergence and convergence rate of the modifications described. Give recommendations regarding determination of parameter m and space transformation matrix B.
Results. Subgradient method with Polyak’s step in transformed space and parameter m>1 is an effective method for minimizing smooth and non-smooth convex functions that have a ravine structure. Determination of an appropriate value of the parameter m(1 and space transformation matrix B allows to significantly accelerate this method and use it for minimization functions that depend on a large number of variables.
Conclusions. The development of fast methods for minimization of non-smooth convex functions of many variables with a ravine structure makes it possible to effectively solve modern problems of artificial intelligence, in particular, the problems of machine learning, image recognition, big data analysis, etc. Keywords: subgradient method, space transformation, ravine functions.
Application of the UNDBE Model in Combination with the RALG Method to Solve the Problem of Radioecology of Water Bodies
Authors: Bielyh Tamara , Sizonenko Vladimir
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The presence of radioactive pollution releases into the aquatic environment of NPPs operating in the normal mode, as well as during various emergency situations, requires the use of means for predicting the impact of such releases on the condition of surface water bodies. The existing developments either do not have a sufficient accuracy or are complicated and require a large amount of initial data and knowledge of the exact values of the parameters of the running processes.
To ensure accuracy of forecasting pollutants spreading in surface water under conditions of limited measuring and computing facilities a box model (UNDBE) of pollution transfer was developed taking into account the time of pollution transportation through the water body and dilution of pollution in the incomplete box volume. The method of model adjustment according to measurement data has been developed, which additionally improves forecasting accuracy. This was made possible due to the short implementation time of the proposed model on a computer and the use of parametric identification using the RALG program.
Purpose of work. Presentation of the general description of the developed model. Demonstration of modeling possibilities and parametrical identification by means of the offered model in combination with program means of search of extremum of not differentiable function.
Results. In addition to a general description of the developed model, a modification for modeling tritium and strontium-90 propagation is given. The results of modeling and parametric identification are shown on examples of tritium distribution in the Loire river basin and strontium-90 in the Kiev reservoir.
Conclusions. Application of UNDBE model in combination with RALG procedure provides fast calculation at preservation of modeling accuracy, possibility of fast and exact adjustment for the concrete water object that makes possible its application as an emergency response system. There is a possibility to apply the outlined approach for modeling the transport of other types of pollutants in surface water bodies. Keywords: pollution transport, surface water bodies, UNDBE box model, parametric identification, RALG experience.
The category of Number in Basque: II. Prehistoriacal and typological aspects
Authors: Martínez Areta Mikel
Published: March 2023

In this second and last part of the article about the grammatical number in Basque, it is discussed what the state of affairs in prehistorical periods may have been like, taking historical data as a starting point. In Point 3, the different sectors of the morphology are analised in successive subpoints: nouns, demonstratives, indefinite pronouns, personal pronouns and verbal morphs. In the first two of them, the problem of the origin of the plural is described in detail, listing pros and cons of each possible interpretation. In 3.4, several formal similarities between some personal pronouns and certain plural morphs are pointed out, and in 3.5 the pronominal origin of the verbal marks of person are analised from the point of view of the category of grammatical number. In Point 4, the conclusion reached –i.e., the absence of grammatical number in old Basque, except for 1st and 2nd person pronouns– is confronted with the implicational hierarchy about number put forward by typological research.
NEOKILIANINA CONCAVA RAMALHO, 2015 AND NEOKILIANINA RAHONENSIS (FOURY & VINCENT, 1967): A DIMORPHIC PAIR OF UPPER JURASSIC LARGER BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA?
Authors: Schlagintweit Felix
Published: March 2023

The species Neokilianina concava Ramalho was described from the Kimmeridgian of Portugal found in the same (isochronous) levels as Neokilianina rahonensis (Foury & Vincent). The external morphology was indicated as the only difference between the two taxa, notably a pronounced concavity in the middle part of the cone base and a wider apical angle in N. concava against N. rahonensis. These differences can reasonably be considered as intraspe-cific variations, reflecting adult test dimorphism between the megalospheric (N. rahonensis) and microspheric specimens (N. concava), also suggested by their isochronous occurrence. The morphological features that were used for species discrimination are well recorded from the two generations (A-, B-forms) of other larger benthic foraminifera including the Orbitolinidae.
Biomarkers in Systemic Lupus Erythematodes
Authors: Reshkova Valentina Simeonova , Monov Simeon
Published: March 2023

A biomarker is defined as a genetic, biological, biochemical or molecular event, whose alterations correlate with the pathogenesis and/or manifestations of a disease and can be evaluated qualitatively and/or quantitatively in laboratories. Biomarkers are used for diagnosis, assessment of activity and better understanding of the pathogenesis of SLE (systemic lupus erythematodes). Biomarkers in SLE are conditionally subdivided into markers of genetic susceptibility, markers of diagnosis and markers of disease activity. Recent genetic studies of SLE have focused on correlating SLE (susceptibility, disease spectrum and severity) with polymorphisms of hypothetical candidate genes. These include genes coding for mannose-binding lectin (MBL), cytokines (IL-6, IL-10, IL-21, TNF-α and osteopontin), chemokines (MCP-1), cytokine receptors/antagonists (type II TNF-α receptor and IL-1 receptor antagonist), Fcγ receptors (FcγRIIa, FcγRIIb, FcγRIIIa, and FcγRIIIb), IFNα, programmed death protein-1 (PD-1; also known as PDCD-1) and other cell surface receptors (cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) involved in the pathogenesis of SLE. Biomarkers for diagnostic are anti-dsDNA, erythrocyte-bound C4d/Erythrocyte-CR1 and platelet-bound C4d. Markers of disease activity are complement components, cytokines, soluble cytokine receptors IL-2R, TNFR, IL-1Ra, soluble molecules expressed on the cell surface − BLyS (BAFF), CD27, CD154, endothelial dysfunction markers − sICAM, sVCAM, thrombomodulin, circulating endothelial cells, acute-phase proteins − CRP, ferritin. Genetic testing for biomarkers in SLE patients is currently being introduced in the Rheumatology Clinic to “Sv. Ivan Rilski” Multiprofile University Hospital for Active Treatment, Sofia, Bulgaria. Its performance is expected to help solve multiple unmet needs in SLE patients – precise diagnosis, identification and prediction of the timing of disease flares, clinical assessment and adequate treatment approach.
Pain in COVID-19 and features of pathogenetic molecular mechanisms
Authors: Bogdanova Simona , Shivacheva Tanya , Georgiev Tsvetoslav , Petrov Petar
Published: March 2023

Although it has been almost three years since the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a pandemic, COVID-19 is still an unsolved problem, thereby attracting great scientific interest. The disease has a heterogeneous clinical picture with multiple manifestations from different organs and systems. Currently, COVID-19 is perceived as a polysyndromic inflammatory disease involving not only the respiratory system, but also the musculoskeletal system, the cardiovascular system, the skin, the excretory and the nervous system, and is accompanied by a number of hematological, gastrohepatoenterological and endocrine disorders. Various pain phenomena also appear in the clinical presentation of the disease, often as a single manifestation or in combination with symptoms from different organs and systems. The pathogenesis of pain is complex and there is still no consensus on the exact driving mechanisms. Several different signaling pathways play an important role in the generation of pain impulses and perception. They are different for different types of pain. At this stage, the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE), the renin-angiotensin system (RAC), angiotensin 2 receptors (AT2R), direct neuronal invasion of the virus, the involvement of pro-inflammatory cytokines, hypoxia, the involvement of macrophages, is discussed. as well as the role of overactivity of the immune system, causing the so-called "cytokine storm". Pain is the result of complex biochemical processes influenced to varying degrees by biological, physiological and social factors. Our knowledge at this stage remains scarce and is the subject of many studies on the key pathogenic mechanisms. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to describe the known mechanisms for the occurrence and persistence of pain in patients with COVID-19, as well as to classify the pain phenomena and present its most common localizations. The diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 and associated pain should be carried out by a multidisciplinary team of specialists, given the heterogeneous clinical presentation of the disease.
Screening Teachers in Indonesia: Does Ex-Ante Teacher Characteristics Assessment Predict Teaching Effectiveness?
Authors: Bima Luhur , Barasa Arjuni Rahmi , Revina Shintia , Rarasati Niken , Yusrina Asri
Published: March 2023

Selecting good teachers is vital as it can lead to a pool of teachers who will continuously strive to improve their teaching quality. Therefore, strengthening the assessment tools for screening effective teachers at their point of entry into the profession is important to improving teaching quality. While abundant studies have been conducted on improving teacher screening strategies in developed countries, only few have examined the process in the contexts of developing countries. Our study aims to enrich the literature on improving teacher screening in developing countries by testing sixty-two teachers using a set of teacher assessment instruments that measure both cognitive and non-cognitive skills. We discovered a significant and positive correlation between teacher competence in numeracy and student numeracy achievement. Furthermore, assessing teaching practices using a lesson demonstration is positively associated with students’ achievement. However, we found a significant but negative relationship between teacher competence in literacy and student literacy outcomes. We also reported a similar pattern in the correlation between teachers’ portfolio assessments and students’ learning outcomes. The negative correlation in literacy measurements may be explained by the difficulties experienced by teachers in Indonesia in translating their knowledge into practice, as there are no specific subjects designated to Indonesian language and reading comprehension. From a policy perspective, the government and education institutions can strengthen their teacher recruitment mechanisms by adopting instruments that can predict teacher effectiveness. Furthermore, these screening instruments should be combined with ex-post assessment tools as those assessments will provide a comprehensive overview of teacher capabilities, not only in terms of prospective teacher characteristics but also in terms of their actual classroom teaching performance after a certain period of teaching practice.
Ortaöğretim Düzeyindeki Öğrencilerin Dijital Okuryazarlık Düzeyleri Dijital Bağımlılık ve Sanal Ortam Yalnızlık Düzeyleri
Authors: ÜNAL Serkan , KORKMAZ Özgen
Published: March 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı ortaöğretim öğrencilerinin dijital okuryazarlık düzeyleri, dijital bağımlılık ve sanal ortam yalnızlık düzeylerinin çeşitli değişkenler açısından betimlenmesidir. Araştırma betimsel tarama modeliyle yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu devlet okullarında öğrenim gören 354 ortaöğretim öğrencileri oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplanmasında Dijital Okuryazarlık Ölçeği, Dijital Bağımlılık Ölçeği ve Sanal Ortam Yalnızlık Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler Anova, T-Testi, ve pearson korelasyon testleri ile incelenmiştir ve şu sonuçlara erişilmiştir: Farklı sınıflarda öğrenim gören öğrencilerin dijital okuryazarlık, dijital bağımlılık ve sanal ortam yalnızlık düzeylerinin benzer düzeydedir. Kız ve erkek öğrencilerin dijital okuryazarlık, dijital bağımlılık ve sanal ortam yalnızlık düzeylerinin benzer düzeydedir. Öğrencilerin dijital okuryazarlık ve dijital bağımlılık düzeyleri arasında doğrusal bir ilişki mevcuttur.
Öğretmenlerin Program Okuryazarlık Düzeyleri ve Eleştirel Düşünme Eğilimleri Arasındaki İlişki
Authors: BARUT Cemile , GÜNDOĞDU Kerim
Published: March 2023

Bu araştırmanın amacı, öğretmenlerin program okuryazarlıkları ile eleştirel düşünme eğilimleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesidir. Çalışmada, Aydın ili Efeler ilçesinde görev yapan 364 öğretmen yer almıştır. Nicel türde gerçekleştirilen bu araştırmada ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak öğretmenlere Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Öğretmenlerin Program Okuryazarlıkları Ölçeği ve Eleştirel Düşünme Eğilimleri Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizi için betimsel istatistikler, bağımsız örneklemler t-testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi (ANOVA) ve Pearson korelasyon testine başvurulmuştur. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, öğretmenlerin program okuryazarlık toplam puanlarının ve alt boyutlarına ilişkin ortalama puanların mesleki kıdemlerine, çalışılan okul türüne ve branşa göre anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği görülmüştür. Ayrıca, eleştirel düşünme eğilimi toplam puanlarının ve alt boyutlarına ilişkin ortalama puanların mesleki kıdemlerine göre anlamlı farklılık gösterdiği, okul türü ve branşa göre ise anlamlı farklılık göstermediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Son olarak öğretmenlerin program okuryazarlıkları ve eleştirel düşünme eğilimi arasında orta düzeyde, pozitif bir ilişki bulunmuştur.
Morphological and Biomolecular of the Atergatis floridus Crab in the Intertidal Zone of the Minanga Coast, Manado City
Authors: Siahaan Tamara Angela Gabriela , Paransa Darus Saadah J. , Paulus James J.H. , Wullur Stenly , Mangindaan Remy E.P. , Pangemanan Pankie
Published: March 2023

This study examines the morphology and biomolecules of the Atergatis floridus crab found in the Intertidal Zone of the Minanga Beach, Manado City. Species identification was carried out by morphological and biomolecular analysis of DNA barcoding using the COI gene. Samples were collected in February and the isolation stage was in March 2022. The method used was the roaming method, namely exploring the research location to catch samples of crabs on the coast and catching crabs directly using hands protected with gloves and a flashlight for lighting. The morphological characters of concern are the shape of the carapace color and the anterior, posterior and abdominal characters. Furthermore, muscle tissue samples were taken from the crab claws for DNA isolation and sequencing processes at the company's first base laboratories, Malaysia. Based on the results of the research, samples that have been studied morphologically and sequenced show that 99.70% of the species are Atergatis floridus.
Keywords: Atergatis floridus;  DNA barcode; Manado City; morphology
Morfologi dan Biomolekuler Kepiting Atergatis floridus di Zona Intertidal Pesisir Pantai Minanga, Kota Manado
 ABSTRAK
Studi ini menelaah morfologi dan biomolekuler kepiting Atergatis floridus yang terdapat di Zona Intertidal Pesisir Pantai Minanga, Kota Manado. Identifikasi spesies dilakukan dengan pendekatan analasis morfologi dan biomolekuler DNA barcoding menggunakan Gen COI. Sampel dikoleksi pada bulan Februari dan tahapan isolasi pada bulan Maret 2022. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode jelajah, yakni menjelajahi lokasi penelitian untuk menangkap sampel kepiting di pesisir pantai dan penangkapan kepiting secara langsung menggunakan tangan yang dilindungi dengan sarung tangan dan senter untuk penerangan. Karakter morfologi yang menjadi perhatian adalah bentuk warna karapas dan karakter anterior, posterior dan abdomen. Selanjutnya diambil sampel jaringan otot pada bagian capit kepiting untuk dilakukan isolasi DNA dan proses sekuensing pada perusahaan first base laboratories, Malaysia. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian sampel yang telah ditelaah secara morfologi dan disekuens menunjukkan bahwa 99.70% spesies tersebut adalah Atergatis floridus.
Kata kunci: Atergatis floridus; DNA barkoding; Kota Manado; morfologi
The Relationship Between Brands’ Usage and The Body Image of Young Indonesian Women
Authors: Nugraha Alberta Donette Prasanti , Sarinastiti Nia
Published: March 2023

Marketing activities by brand on Instagram have an impact on women's body image because the models used by brand tend to represent a standard of beauty that exists in society. However, brand have started using models of all body shapes and sizes to meet the demands of consumers on social media in recent years. This study aims to determine whether there is a relationship between the use of social media Instagram by brand and the body image of young Indonesian women by using the Agenda Setting theory, Body Image through the Multidimensional Body Self Relation Questionnaire-Appearance Scale (MBSRQ-AS). Data for quantitative research were obtained by distributing online questionnaires to young women aged 18-24 years who live in the areas of Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi who are active Instagram users through a non-probability sampling technique. Research result states that a relationship between brands’ usage of social media (Instagram) and the body image of young Indonesian women was formed when they were exposed to marketing content featuring models with thin bodies as well as various body shapes and sizes. In addition, they also formed a perception on the content in regard to their needs, interests, and if they found the model ‘interesting’. However, the usage of Instagram by brand did not appear to have a relationship with the behavior of young women as most respondents almost never exercised excessively or limited their diet after seeing the brands’ content.
PENGARUH KECERDASAN EMOSIONAL DAN EFIKASI DIRI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN BAGIAN TEKNIK DAN LAYANAN SERVICE PT HASTA PUTERA PERKASA SURABAYA
Authors: Ikaningtyas Maharani
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy on the performance of employees in the engineering and processing division of PT Hasta Putera Perkasa Surabaya. The research method used is descriptive and associative. The types of data used are primary data and secondary data. Data collection techniques used in this study were interviews, observation, questionnaires, literature study and documentation. Data analysis techniques performed were validity test, reliability test, classical assumption test, multiple linear regression analysis, multiple correlation analysis, analysis of the coefficient of determination, partial hypothesis testing (t test) and simultaneous hypothesis testing (F test). From the results of the analysis of the coefficient of determination, an R2 value of 0.529 is obtained, which means that the influence of emotional intelligence and self-efficacy on employee performance is 52.9%. simultaneously emotional intelligence (X1) and self-efficacy (X2) have a positive and significant effect on employee performance (Y). Meanwhile, based on the t test, the results show that emotional intelligence (X1) has a positive and significant effect on employee performance (Y) and self-efficacy (X2) has a positive and significant effect on employee performance (Y).
Meningkatkan Kecintaan Budaya Lokal melalui Pelatihan Membaca Naskah Kuno Beraksara Pegon di Kampus IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon
Authors:   IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon, Jawa Barat, Hidayani Fika , Arfan Am'mar Abdullah ,   IAIN Syekh Nurjati Cirebon, Jawa Barat
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Improving local culture by preserving heritage from the ancestors namely manuscripts and improving skill of reading manuscripts in Pegon script. Methodology: The training was held online and attended by 34 participants, 31 participants from students, and 3 participants from lecturers. The method consists of lectures, questions and answers; demonstrations, and practice, by first identifying the problem to formulate the form of the training to be carried out. Results: The training participants consisted of 5 majors, namely Arabic Language and Literature, Islamic History and Culture, Al-Qur'an Studies and Tafsir, the Islamic Community Development Department, and the Social Sciences Education Department. The participants are from Islamic boarding schools and public schools background and have the ability to speak the Javanese language or not. This is to group the training which consists of elementary and intermediate classes. As a result, the ability to read Pegon's script texts is increased, so that they can independently research Pegon's script directly to explore the contents of manucripts. Conclusion: The training activities went well. It is hoped that after participating in this training, participants will be able to independently learn to read Pegon texts through digital manuscripts on internet pages that provide digital manuscripts for free so that they continue to practice reading and become fluent. Keywords: 1. Improve Local Culture 2. Training 3. Manuscripts
GuessGas:Tell me Fine-Grained Gas Consumption of My Smart Contract and Why
Authors: Huang Qing , Chen Renxiong , Zeng Jinshan , Jinshan Zeng, , Xiwei Xu, , Qinghua Lu,
Published: March 2023

In this paper, we present the development of an explainable Gas Estimator model EGE, utilizing big data to mine potential distribution of runtime information. Our approach overcomes the limitations of static gas analysis tools by labeling functions based on interval probability distribution and building code representations containing program semantics. We also considered domain features during training to improve prediction accuracy. Our domain-oriented subgraph-level GNN explanation model SubgraphGas provides explanations for predictions.
Diagnosing Lung Pathologies: A Systematic Survey, Current Trends, and Future Orientation
Authors: Al-Hasan Tamim , Noorizadeh Mohammad , Bensaali Faycal , Meskin Nader , Hssain Ali Ait
Published: March 2023

This study offers a comparative analysis of different diagnostic techniques for lung pathologies from an engineering standpoint. The review concentrates on three primary categories of methods: electronic nose-based (E-nose) detection, computer vision or image processing, and biosensors such as Graphene-FET (GFET). The e-nose-based detection technique uses electronic sensors to recognize Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) in the exhaled breath. These VOCs can aid in the diagnosis of lung pathologies such as pneumonia. The computer vision processing method involves the application of advanced imaging techniques and Machine Learning algorithms to scrutinize and diagnose lung pathologies and Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP). Lastly, biosensors employ the exceptional properties of these materials to identify specific biomarkers in biological samples. This information can be used to diagnose lung pathologies and VAP. The present paper examines the current state-of-the-art in each methods and offers a comprehensive analysis of their advantages and disadvantages from an engineering perspective. The study underscores the potential of these techniques to enhance the diagnosis of lung pathologies and VAP. Additionally, it emphasizes the necessity for further research to optimize their performance and clinical usefulness.
Data Cleansing with Minimum Distortion for ML-Based Equipment Anomaly Detection
Authors: Hsieh Yun-Cheng , Chen Chieh-Yu , Liao Da-Yin , Lin Chung-Kuang , Chang Shi-Chung
Published: March 2023

Semiconductor manufacturing has been extensively exploiting machine-learning (ML) to process equipment sensory data (ESD) for near-real time anomaly detection (AD). ESD characteristics are highly diversified and data lengths vary among processing steps and cycles. Cleansing ESD with minimum distortion (CMD) to fit the fixed-length input requirement by ML-based AD is critical to AD effectiveness and is challenging. This paper presents a novel CMD method of four innovations: i) statistical mode-based equalization of step data lengths for the least number of step data length changes, ii) importance indicator value (IIV) of a data sample based on its relative difference with the subsequent sample, and iii) step data segmentation into groups based on samples of significant IIVs and  the least-entropy-group-to-cleanse-first rule, and iv) cleansing the least IIV sample(s) in the selected group for step data length equalization. CMD application to ESD demonstrates its characteristics preservation property. Simulation experiments are on an integration of data cleansing with an unsupervised ML-based AD system, STALAD. Comparisons with two benchmark methods over AD scenarios of small-scale drifts and shifts show that CMD not only is superior in facilitating accurate detection by STALAD but also helps detect anomaly much earlier than using the two benchmarks.
Equivalence of Electromagnetic Fluctuation and Nuclear (Yukawa) Forces: the π₀ Meson, its Mass and Lifetime
Authors: Ninham Barry W. , Brevik Iver , Boström Mathias
Published: March 2023

It is shown how Maxwell’s equations for the electromagnetic field with Planck quantisation of allowed modes appears to provide a semiclassical account of nuclear interactions. The mesons emerge as plasmons, collective excitations in an electron positron pair sea. The lifetime and mass of mesons are predicted.
أثر التضخم في أداء سوق العراق للأوراق المالية للمدة (-2007 2018)
Authors: الشرع عقيل , الجنابي حسام
Published: March 2023

يهدف هذ البحث الى قياس أثر التضخم في العراق في أداء سوق العراق للأوراق المالية للمدة (2007-2018 ) ، تناول البحث المفاهيم النظرية المرتبطة بكل من التضخم ومؤشرات سوق الاوراق المالية المتمثلة بـ ( القيمة السوقية ، حجم التداول ، عدد الاسهم ، معدل دوران السهم )، ولغرض تحقيق أهداف البحث تم صياغة الفرضيات وتم اختبارها بوسائل إحصائية ، لغرض قياس أثر معدل التضخم في العراق في أداء سوق العراق للأوراق المالية تم استخدام الاسلوب التحليلي، فضلاً عن استخدم البرنامج الاحصائي (SPSS 26) اذ تم استخدام اسلوب الانحدار المتعدد لقياس المتغير المستقل المتمثل  بالتضخم على المتغيرات التابعة المتمثلة بـ ( القيمة السوقية ، حجم التداول ، عدد الاسهم ، معدل دوران السهم )، وقد توصل البحث الى مجموعة من الاستنتاجات واهمها عدم وجود علاقة طردية  بين معدل التضخم ومؤشرات إداء سوق العراق للأوراق المالية  خلال مدة الدراسة ، ثم اختتم البحث بمجموعة من التوصيات التي من اهمها رفع قيمة العملة المحلية وزيادة القوة الشرائية للمستهلك مما يساهم في القضاء على ظاهرة ارتفاع اسعار السلع في السوق المحلية. وكذلك تطوير الإمكانات المالية في الـسوق الماليـة في العراق يتوجب تحقيق قدر كاف من الاستقرار الاقتصادي والسياسي والأمني لغرض تشجيع الاستثمارات ت وخاصة عن طريق تحفيز رؤوس الأموال الأجنبية واستقطابها نحو الداخل .
أزمة الثقة السياسية العراقية بعد 2003
Authors: شبيب أسعد , حسين ميثم
Published: March 2023

من أجل بناء دولة ذات معالم واضحة وقوية لابد من يكون نظام الحكم بارزا وآلية تشكيل الحكومة واضحة المعالم ووفق أسس قانونية وأداء سياسي ناجح وظروف طبيعية لولادتها وبعيدا عن الأزمات.

ويقوم البحث على فرضية مفادها أن ازمة الثقة في الدولة العراقية لم تكن وليدة الحاضر بل موجودة منذ تأسيس الدولة العراقية وقد تفاقمت بعد 2003 وهذه الازمة أدت الى العديد من المشاكل بين الشعب والسلطة في المجالين السياسي والاجتماعي.

وقسم البحث على فصلين، تناول المبحث الأول ماهية الازمة في حين اختص المبحث الثاني بدراسة الازمات السياسية في العراق.
آراء المستبصرين العرب في العقائد الوهابية في القرن العشرين
Authors: المدني علي , عبد الرزاق زينب
Published: March 2023

ركز البحث الموسوم (اراء المستبصرين العرب في العقائد الوهابية في القرن العشرين) على توضيح اراء المستبصرين العرب بعقيدة الحركة الوهابية ، و تنطوي وجهة نظر المستبصرين الوصول الى  حقيقة الادعاءات  التي كان  يصرح بها الوهابية و الأخطاء التي وقعت بها من افتراءات و أكاذيب نسبتها للمذاهب الأخرى ، فكان ردهم توضيحا للحقائق ونقدهم لهذه الحركة من داخلها بحكم انتماء البعض منهم لها و اطلاعهم على كل افكارها و معتقداتها و بناء على ذلك تم الرد على الحركة الوهابية .
Evaluation of Clinical Approach and Outcomes Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia
Authors: Yanik-Yalcin Tugba , Erol Cigdem , Demirkaya Melike Hamiyet , Durukan Elif , Kurt-Azap Ozlem
Published: March 2023

Objective: Despite appropriate treatment and early diagnosis methods, Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) is still associated with a high mortality rate. This study aims to evaluate the clinical features and approaches to SAB and to analyze the parameters that may affect 7-day and 30-day mortality.

Materials and Methods: Adult patients with SAB data between 2011 and 2018 were evaluated retrospectively. Clinical data, patient demographics, and 7-day and 30-day mortality rates were obtained from their medical records.

Results: In total, 144 patients were included in the study; 57.6% (83/144) of patients were men, and the mean age was 65.2±16.5 years. The most common source of infection was the central-line catheter (38.9%), followed by intra-abdominal (21%), respiratory (16.7), infective endocarditis (5.6%), and osteoarticular foci (2.1%). Fifteen percent (15%) of the strains were methicillin resistant. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) was performed for 80.6% (116/144) patients. Infectious diseases specialist consultation within 96 hours from blood culture signal was requested in 79.9%. Overall, 7-day mortality was 11.8%, and 30-day mortality was 21.5%. Staying in intensive care units (ICU) increased the risk of 30-day mortality by 1.1 times, and respiratory-focused SAB increased the risk by 4.3 times.

Conclusion: SAB is still a big threat. Staphylococcal pneumonia remains a severe infection. Several prognostic factors influence mortality. Identifying the source, ensuring source control, and appropriate initial therapy as soon as possible are critical for reducing mortality and morbidity in SAB.

Keywords: Staphylococcus aureus, bacteremia, staphylococcal pneumonia, mortality
Ophthalmologic Examination and Echocardiography Should be the Essential Components of Candidemia Bundle
Authors: Erol Cigdem , Sari Nuran , Yanik-Yalcin Tugba , Yesilkaya Aysegul , Asena Leyla , Gun-Gungor Sirel , Kurt-Azap Ozlem
Published: March 2023

Objective: Candidemia is the most common form of invasive candidiasis, and it is associated with end-organ involvement, prolonged hospitalization, increased mortality, and higher healthcare costs. Candidemia can lead to metastatic heart and ocular infections. This study aimed to define the incidence, characteristics, and mortality of candidemia episodes and compare the data with our center’s previous results.

Materials and Methods: In this single-center retrospective observational study, we enrolled 250 patients over 18 years diagnosed with candidemia between January 2015 and December 2020. We obtained patients’ demographic, clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic data from medical records. An ophthalmologic examination and screening with echocardiography were carried out within the first week after candidemia diagnosis.

Results: There were 275 candidemia episodes from 250 patients. The incidence of candidemia was 2.8/1000 admissions and 5.68/ 10,000 inpatient days, higher than our previous results (1.23/1000 and 3.29/10,000). The median age was 65 (interquartile range [IQR]=52-75) years. Malignancies were the most frequent comorbidity (50%). The most common type was Candida albicans (n=115, 41.8%). Candida glabrata (n=61, 22.2%) was common, particularly in surgical patients, patients with malignancy, and critically ill patients. There was Infectious disease consultation in 93.3% (257) episodes. The ophthalmoscopic examination was made in 145 episodes (52.7%), and ophthalmitis was detected in 16 (11.0%). Echocardiography was performed in 139 (50.5%) episodes; one case had an endocarditis diagnosis. The 30-day mortality was 44.7% (n=123). Mortality rates in C. glabrata and Candida krusei infections were higher (54.1% and 66.7). The factors related to mortality were intensive care unit requirement (p=0.0001), chronic liver disease (p=0.005), corticosteroid usage (p=0.0001), previous antibiotic usage (p=0.013), multiple antibiotic usage (p=0.020), and CVC related candidemia (p=0.010).

Conclusion: Because of the life-threatening complications such as endocarditis, increased mortality rates, and higher healthcare costs, systematic and comprehensive candidemia bundle applications would be effective strategies for providing an effective antifungal stewardship program.

Keywords: Candidemia, mortality, ophthalmitis, endocarditis, bundle
Four Human Mpox Cases from Turkey
Authors: Coskun Emine , Soyak Firuze , Ozturk-Deniz Suna Secil , Kutlu Murat , Sayın-Kutlu Selda
Published: March 2023

Human mpox (formerly monkeypox) disease has recently been reported in a number of European countries among individuals with no history of international travel or animal contact, causing global epidemic concerns. We describe the demographic, clinical characteristics, and laboratory data of four male patients with mpox disease, three of whom were human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive, and one who was HIV-negative but had type 1 diabetes mellitus and a recent history of urological surgery. The HIV-negative patient attracted interest because he had no history of suspected sexual contact; however, he used shared bathrooms and towels at work, which could explain the potential transmission route. The remaining three male patients engaged in sexual activity with men recently. All four patients had prodromal symptoms such as short-term fever, myalgia, or fatigue, followed by a vesicular-pustular rash that began in the genital area, and two also had lesions on other parts of their bodies. Mpox is not generally considered in the differential diagnosis intitally because it is rare in Turkey; however, the diagnosis should be considered in patients with pustular umbilicated lesions and a history of risky sexual behavior.

Keywords: mpox, outbreak, lesion, rash, HIV, infection
PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN MODEL QUANTUM UNTUK MENGATASI KECEMASAN MATEMATIKA SISWA
Authors: Emilianus Jehadus
Published: March 2023

Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Model Quantum untuk Mengatasi Kecemasan Matematika Siswa. Kecemasan matematika adalah suatu perasaan takut, cemas, tertekan, tak berdaya, gangguan mental dan rasa takut yang tidak menyenangkan ketika diharuskan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan matematika. Kecemasan matematika merupakan salah satu faktor yang paling signifikan menghambat pemahaman siswa terhadap  materi pembelajaran. Berdasarkan study di SMP Katolik Sta. Clara, penulis menemukan beberapa siswa cemas dengan matematika. Untuk mengetahui kecemasan matematika, siswa diberikan tes diagnostik yaitu tes kecemasan matematika. Model pembelajaran quantum sebagai salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi kecemasan matematika siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) mendeskripsikan proses dan hasil pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran model quantum yang baik pada materi sistem persamaan linear dua variabel dan mengetahui keefektifan pembelajaran dengan model pembelajaran quantum untuk mengatasi kecemasan matematika siswa pada materi sistem persamaan linear dua variabel. Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian pengembangan. Penelitian ini menerapkan model pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran model 4-D. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMPK Santa Clara yang mengalami kecemasan matematika dalam pembelajaran. Produk dari penelitian ini adalah RPP, Lembar Kerja Siswa (LKS), dan Tes Hasil Belajar (THB). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) Perangkat pembelajaran  model quantum untuk siswa kelas VIII pada materi sistem persamaan linear (SPLDV) yang dikembangkan telah memenuhi kriteria perangkat pembelajaran yang baik karena telah dinyatakan valid oleh para validator, dan pada tahap uji coba diperoleh kemampuan guru mengelola pembelajaran berkategori minimal baik, aktivitas siswa selama pembelajaran efektif, respons siswa berkategori positif, Tes hasil belajar memenuhi kriteria valid, reliabel dan sensitif dan kecemasan matematika siswa dapat teratasi 100%; (2) pembelajaran model quantum efektif untuk mengatasi kecemasan matematika siswa. Efektivitasnya diakui oleh kemampuan guru untuk mengelola pembelajaran yang dikategorikan minimal baik; aktivitas siswa selama pembelajaran efektif; respon siswa positif dan ketuntasan klasikal tercapai di mana 100% siswa dinyatakan mencapai KKM yang ditetapkan sekolah. Selain itu, masalah kecemasan matematika siswa dalam pembelajaran dapat teratasi 100%.
IMPLEMENTASI GOOD GOVERNANCE DALAM MANAJEMEN BERBASIS SEKOLAH
Authors: Yohanes Wendelinus Dasor
Published: March 2023

Implementasi Good Governance Dalam Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah. Good governance adalah penyelenggaraan pemerintahan negara yang solid dan bertanggung jawab, efisien dan efektif, dengan menjaga kesinergisan interaksi yang konstruktif di antara ketiga domain; negara, swasta, dan masyarakat. Prinsip-prinsip yang terkandung dalam good governance merupakan tolak ukur suatu pemerintahan dikatakan sebagai pemerintahan yang baik. Ada beberapa prinsip good governance yaitu partisipasi, transparansi, akuntabilitas, responsivitas, keadilan, penegakan hukum, efektivitas dan efisiensi, dan visi strategis. Sedangkan Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah merupakan paradigma baru pendidikan yang memberikan otonomi luas pada tingkat sekolah dalam kerangka kebijakan pendidikan nasional. Korelasi antara good governance dengan MBS adalah bagaimana menerapkan prinsip-prinsip good governance ke dalam MBS. Implementasi good governance erat kaitannya dengan pelaksanaan kebijakan publik dalam konteks sebuah negara demokrasi yang berintikan partisipasi dan kerjasama semua elemen negara (pemerintah, swasta, dan warga negara). Sekolah merupakan salah satu organisasi publik dengan mana seluruh kebijakan yang dihasilkannya berkaitan dengan massa atau publik. Pada aras ini, suatu kebijakan publik di sekolah tidak bisa terelakkan dari tuntutan untuk mengimplementasikan suatu praktek good governance
DETERMINAN INFLASI DI SUMATERA UTARA
Authors: Nasution Siti Wardah Pratidina , Zulaili Zulaili , Nasution Siti Ummi Arfah , Radiah Radiah
Published: March 2023

Stabilitas inflasi merupakan syarat bagi pertumbuhan ekonomi dan bermanfaat bagi peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh pengeluaran pemerintah, jumlah uang beredar, nilai tukar dan pertumbuhan ekonomi terhadap inflasi di Sumatera Utara. Analisis menggunakan persamaan dengan metode Error Correction Model (ECM). Penelitian ini menganalisis hubungan antara variabel terikat dan variabel bebas baik dalam jangka pendek maupun jangka panjang. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa dalam jangka panjang dan jangka pendek, variabel jumlah uang beredar dan pertumbuhan ekonomi berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap inflasi di Sumatera Utara. Sedangkan variabel pengeluaran pemerintah tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap inflasi di Sumatera Utara. Model ECM dianggap valid karena nilai Error Correction Term (ECT) signifikan dan dalam jangka panjang dan jangka pendek hanya variabel nilai tukar yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap inflasi di Sumatera Utara. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai tukar memegang peranan penting dalam mengendalikan tingkat inflasi di Sumatera Utara
ANALISIS PENINGKATAN USAHA BISNIS SYARIAH DALAM MENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN MASYARAKAT MUSLIM DI KOTA MEDAN
Authors: Sundari Dewi , Erliyanti Erliyanti , Ventiany Dini , Tarigan Vannya Euorita , Rizka Muhammad
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan  mengetahui sejauhmana usaha bisnis syariah dalam meningkatakan pendapatan muslim di kota Medan  apakah memberikan  dampak yang lebih positif terhadap perekonomi para pelaku UMK yang bergelut dalam bisnins Syariah. Penelitian ini mengunakan metode kualitatif dimana data primer di peroleh oleh penulis meluli observasi dilapangan, wawancara , diskusi focus dan data sekunder diperoleh dari Biro Pusat Statistik, buku , laporarn dan jurnal. Hasil dari penelitian bahwa Bisnis Syariah di kota Medan mendapat antusisias dan tanggapan yang positif baik dari pemerintah setempat dengan cara memberikan peluang bisnis besar bagi masyarakat yang teruatama masyarakat muslim yang berkecimpung di dalamnya. Pemerintah  memberikan bantuan dana baik itu dari lembaga keuangan syariah dengan tanpa agunan maupun lembaga keuangan non syariah, memberikan kemudahan dalan pengurusan segala ijin usaha sebagai bisnis syariah yang sedang maarak di geluti oleh masyarakat muslim dikota Meda salah satunya dengan mengeluarkan izin  untuk membuat travek-travel Umroh yang baru dan memberikan lapak-lapak bagi masyarakat dalam menjadi bisnis syariah seperti bisnis kuliner halal, hotel -hotel syariah, Distro syariah sehingga menciptakan kenyaman dan kepuasan bagi konsumen yang menikmati dan menggunakankan. Dengan dukungan pemerintah dan semnagat para masyarakat muslim  menjadkan  kegiatan bisnis syariah tersebut tersebut dapat berjalan dan berkembang yang menjadi suatu dampak yang positif bagai pelaku binis syariah dalam meningkatkan pendapatan mereka sehingga  menciptakaan kesejahteraan hidup  masyarakat  dan kenyaman serta ketentraman dalam meningkat ibadah dan ketaqwaan kepada Allah SWT.
PENGARUH GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DAN FINANCIAL RATIOS TERHADAP FINANCIAL DISTRESS PERUSAHAAN PERBANKAN
Authors: Muafiroh Cintika Putri , Hidajat Taofik
Published: March 2023

Financial distress merupakan sebuah kondisi kesulitan keuangan dalam perusahaan yang dapat menjadi indikasi perusahaan mengalami kebangkrutan. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis bagaimana pengaruh Good Corporate Governance dan Financial Ratios terhadap terjadinya Financial Distress pada perusahaan sektor perbankan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) periode 2019-2021. Penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling untuk menentukan sampelnya. Dimana jumlah sampel yang digunakan adalah 42 perusahaan. Data penelitian di analisis dengan menggunakan alat uji SPSS melalui analisis regresi linier.  Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa Good Corporate Governance yang diukur berdasarkan Kepemilikan Institusional, Kepemilikan Manajerial, Dewan Direksi, Dewan Komisaris, dan Komisaris Independe tidak berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya financial distress, sedangkan Financial Ratios yang diukur melalui Rasio Likuiditas dan Rasio Profitabilitas berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya financial distress.Kata Kunci      : Financial Distress, GCG, Financial Ratios