bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Novel Approach for Detecting Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Pediatric Patients Using Machine Learning Models Based on Patient-Reported Symptoms: Model Development and Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Kawamoto Shota , Morikawa Yoshihiko , Yahagi Naohisa
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) affects children, causing serious infections, particularly in high-risk groups. Given the seasonality of RSV and the importance of rapid isolation of infected individuals, there is an urgent need for more efficient diagnostic methods to expedite this process.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to investigate the performance of a machine learning model that leverages the temporal diversity of symptom onset for detecting RSV infections and elucidate its discriminatory ability.

METHODS

The study was conducted in pediatric and emergency outpatient settings in Japan. We developed a detection model that remotely confirms RSV infection based on patient-reported symptom information obtained using a structured electronic template incorporating the differential points of skilled pediatricians. An extreme gradient boosting–based machine learning model was developed using the data of 4174 patients aged ≤24 months who underwent RSV rapid antigen testing. These patients visited either the pediatric or emergency department of Yokohama City Municipal Hospital between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2015. The primary outcome was the diagnostic accuracy of the machine learning model for RSV infection, as determined by rapid antigen testing, measured using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve. The clinical efficacy was evaluated by calculating the discriminative performance based on the number of days elapsed since the onset of the first symptom and exclusion rates based on thresholds of reasonable sensitivity and specificity.

RESULTS

Our model demonstrated an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.811 (95% CI 0.784-0.833) with good calibration and 0.746 (95% CI 0.694-0.794) for patients within 3 days of onset. It accurately captured the temporal evolution of symptoms; based on adjusted thresholds equivalent to those of a rapid antigen test, our model predicted that 6.9% (95% CI 5.4%-8.5%) of patients in the entire cohort would be positive and 68.7% (95% CI 65.4%-71.9%) would be negative. Our model could eliminate the need for additional testing in approximately three-quarters of all patients.

CONCLUSIONS

Our model may facilitate the immediate detection of RSV infection in outpatient settings and, potentially, in home environments. This approach could streamline the diagnostic process, reduce discomfort caused by invasive tests in children, and allow rapid implementation of appropriate treatments and isolation at home. The findings underscore the potential of machine learning in augmenting clinical decision-making in the early detection of RSV infection.
Participation in Advance Care Planning Among Medically At-Risk Rural Veterans: Protocol for a Personalized Engagement Model (Preprint)
Authors: Walkner Tammy , Karr Daniel W , Murray Sarah , Heeren Amanda , Berry-Stoelzle Maresi
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Many of the challenges in advanced care planning (ACP) conversations are linked to the waxing and waning progress of serious illnesses. Conversations with patients about future medical care decisions by a surrogate decision maker have historically been left until late in the patient’s disease trajectory. These conversations often happen at a time when the patient is already very ill. The challenge in effective early ACP and serious illness conversations is to create a situation where patients appreciate the link between current and future medical care. Setting the stage to make these conversations more accessible includes using telehealth to have conversations at the patient’s place of choice. The personalization used includes addressing the current medical and social needs of the patient and ensuring that expressed needs are addressed as much as possible. Engaging patients in these conversations allows the documentation of patient preferences in the electronic health record (EHR), providing guidelines for future medical care.

OBJECTIVE

The objective of our telehealth serious illness care conversations program was to successfully recruit patients who lacked up-to-date documentation of ACP in their EHR. Once these patients were identified, we engaged in meaningful, structured conversations to address the veterans’ current needs and concerns. We developed a recruitment protocol that increased the uptake of rural veterans’ participation in serious illness care conversations and subsequent EHR documentation.

METHODS

The recruitment protocol outlined herein used administrative data to determine those patients who have not completed or updated formal ACP documentation in the EHR and who are at above-average risk for death in the next 3-5 years. The key features of the telehealth serious illness care conversations recruitment protocol involve tailoring the recruitment approach to address current patient concerns while emphasizing future medical decision-making.

RESULTS

As of September 2022, 196 veterans had completed this intervention. The recruitment method ensures that the timing of the intervention is patient driven, allowing for veterans to engage in ACP at a time and place convenient for them and their identified support persons.

CONCLUSIONS

The recruitment protocol has been successful in actively involving patients in ACP conversations, leading to an uptick in completed formal documentation of ACP preferences within the EHR for this specific population. This documentation is then available to the medical team to guide future medical care.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR1-10.2196/55080
Maternal Information-Seeking on Pregnancy-Induced Hypertension and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women, in North Ethiopia, A cross sectional study design (Preprint)
Authors: Alebachew Ayana , Shitu Kegnie , Sisay Ayenew , Birhanu Sefefe , Ambachew Adamu , Damitew Agmasie , Desalegn Mulugeta , Bayou Fekade Demeke
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Introduction: - Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is the most prevalent medical problem associated with pregnancy. It has been reported to affect 6–10% of all pregnant women worldwide. A mother's failure to seek information related to PIH would increase the risk of dying from its complications.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to assess PIH information-seeking behavior and its associated factors among pregnant women in rural Sekela district.

METHODS

A Community-based cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted among pregnant women from May 15 to June 15, 2022. An interviewer administrated structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. It was calculated using the single population proportion formula using design effect, 10% non-response rate. A cluster sampling technique was used to select sampled in the study area. We conducted a descriptive analysis, bi-variable analysis and multi-variable analysis to identify determinants of PIH information seeking

RESULTS

The proportion of PIH information seeking among pregnant women was 214 (35.43%). Pregnant mother’s age of 35 years and above (AOR =0.67, 95% CI =.46, .97), resistance of family (AOR = 0.45, 95% CI=.29, .69), health care satisfaction (AOR=1.7, 95% CI=1.1, 2.5), and perceived severity of PIH (AOR=1.6, 95% CI=1.1, 2.4) were significantly associated with PIH information seeking.

CONCLUSIONS

According to our finding Information seeking related to PIH founds to be low. The major source of PIH related information was health care providers. Aged mothers, family resistance, mother’s satisfaction on health care service, perceived severity of PIH were found to be associated with PIH information seeking
Virtual and Augmented Reality Games in the
Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases:
Systematic and Bibliographic Review (Preprint)
Authors: Eckert Martin , Ostermann Thomas , Ehlers Jan , Hohenberg Gregor
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

The following systematic and bibliographic review investigates the
intersection between the treatment of cognitive impairments and virtual and aug-
mented reality-based game-oriented applications.

OBJECTIVE

The review provides a view into
the last 12 years of research in this field.

METHODS

The PubMed Database served as the main source for the review.
PRISMA guidelines were applied and a set of investigation variables was defined
and classed into three main topics: Bibliographic, Medical and Technical sections.

RESULTS

Of a total of 61 identified articles, 19 could be included. The compiled
findings from these studies indicate positive effects, of using virtual and aug-
mented reality applications to improve cognitive function and depression. There
is also a gap in high-quality evidence since clinical trials have been conducted,
but only with a small number of patients.

CONCLUSIONS

Preliminary results indicate positive effects on cognitive and physical
well-being, but the field has a demand for further investigation to determine the
effectiveness. Future research needs to focus on larger studies but also on the
quality of the developed applications. Further, it is important to look at scores

CLINICALTRIAL

not required
Cardiovascular disease-related mortality in young adults: Artificial Intelligence prediction
Background: Many Cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients die young. Assessing CVD risks is essential to creating prediction models that accurately predict CVD mortality overall and in subgroups like young adults. Machine Learning Algorithms (MLA), a subfield of Artificial Intelligence (AI), must be used to detect heart diseases early to prevent further coronary artery damage and save lives.
Objectives: To predict death versus a life outcome among young adults (18-45 years) with CVD using the Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) algorithms, an artificial intelligence (AI) technique.
Methods: A retrospective design for retrieving larg (Preprint)
Authors: Ahmad Muayyad , Bani Hani Salam
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

: Many Cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients die young. Assessing CVD risks is essential to creating prediction models that accurately predict CVD mortality overall and in subgroups like young adults. Machine Learning Algorithms (MLA), a subfield of Artificial Intelligence (AI), must be used to detect heart diseases early to prevent further coronary artery damage and save lives.

OBJECTIVE

To predict death versus a life outcome among young adults (18-45 years) with CVD using the Chi-squared Automatic Interaction Detector (CHAID) algorithms, an artificial intelligence (AI) technique.

METHODS

A retrospective design for retrieving large-scale data from the electronic health records (EHRs) for 809 young adult patients with CVD was used. Data were collected for Jordanian young adults who were admitted to public health hospitals from the year 2015 to the end of 2021.

RESULTS

Out of seven prediction models created and based on the accuracy level and area under curve, the CHAID algorithm was the selected model for predicting death versus life among young adults (18-45 years old) with CVD. The sequence of prediction algorithms for death was first for the pulse pressure (PP), then the diastolic blood pressure (DBP), then the ischemic heart disease (IHD), ended with the geographical location.

CONCLUSIONS

As demonstrated by the CHAID model used in our study, the mortality rate was categorized and distributed among numerous factors. Therefore, we could assert that the AI model could add more detail on how various factors are articulated in relation to CVD patient death cases.
Co-Designing the MOSAIC mHealth App With Breast Cancer Survivors: User-Centered Design Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Nuseibeh Betsey Zenk , Johns Shelley A , Shih Patrick C , Lewis Gregory F , Gowan Tayler M , Jordan Evan J
Published: April 2024

BACKGROUND

Breast cancer is the world’s most prevalent cancer. Although the 5-year survival rate for breast cancer in the United States is 91%, the stress and uncertainty of survivorship can often lead to symptoms of depression and anxiety. With nearly half of breast cancer survivors living with stress and symptoms of depression and anxiety, there are a significant number of unmet supportive care needs. New and potentially scalable approaches to meeting these supportive care needs are warranted.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to engage breast cancer survivors and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) content experts in user-centered design (UCD) to develop a mobile health app (MOSAIC [Mobile Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Stress Intervention]) using stress intervention strategies.

METHODS

We held 5 UCD sessions with 5 breast cancer survivors, 3 ACT content experts, 2 user experience design experts, and 1 stress expert facilitator over the course of 10 weeks. The sessions were developed to lead the 10 co-designers through the 5-step UCD process (eg, problem identification, solution generation, convergence, prototyping, and debriefing and evaluation). Following the fifth session, a prototype was generated and evaluated by the 5 breast cancer survivors and 3 ACT experts using the System Usability Scale, Acceptability E-scale, and a brief set of semistructured interview questions.

RESULTS

The 10 co-designers were present for each of the 5 co-design sessions. Co-designers identified 5 design characteristics: simple entry with use reminders (behavioral nudges), a manageable number of intervention choices, highly visual content, skill-building exercises, and social support. A total of 4 features were also identified as critical to the use of the tool: an ACT and breast cancer–specific onboarding process, clean navigation tools, clear organization of the interventions, and once-per-week behavioral nudges. These requirements created the foundation for the app prototype. The 5 breast cancer survivors and 3 ACT co-designers evaluated the app prototype for 1 week, using an Android smartphone. They rated the app as usable (mean 79.29, SD 19.83) on the System Usability Scale (a priori mean cutoff score=68) and acceptable (mean 24.28, SD 2.77) on the Acceptability E-scale (a priori mean cutoff score=24).

CONCLUSIONS

Through the UCD process, we created an ACT app prototype with 5 breast cancer survivors, 3 ACT experts, and 2 UCD designers. The next step in our research is to continue the assessment and refining of the prototype with additional breast cancer survivors. Future work will pilot-test the app to examine the feasibility of a large-scale, randomized control trial. Studies will enroll increasingly diverse breast cancer survivors to broaden the generalizability of findings.
A DIRECT BONDING TECHNIQUE VERSUS AN INDIRECT BONDING TECHNIQUE - AN IN VIVO ANALYSIS
Authors: BHARGAVA ANANYA , BHARGAVA APOORVA
Published: April 2024

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to compare the clinical performance of an indirect versus a direct bonding technique in a split mouth study design and to develop a reproducible and cost efficient technique for indirect bonding for clinical use.
Methods: This comparative study was conducted on Twelve patients (212 teeth; 106 each in direct and indirect group) who reported to the Department of Dentistry at Ruxmaniben deepchand gardi medical college, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh. Transbond XT (3M Unitek) adhesive and primer were used to bond the brackets onto the teeth in both the direct and indirect bonding groups using split mouth study design. Transfer trays constructed using Thermal glue matrix applied through hot glue gun for indirect bonding. The clinical performance was assessed for 6 months.
Results: In the 1st month was a failure of one lower 2nd premolar bracket from the indirect bonding group (p=1.00). There on in the subsequent months there were no failures for 6 months. The study showed no statistically significant differences in clinical performance in both group (p=NS).
Conclusion: The failure rates for both the indirect and direct bonding techniques in this study were the same. Statistically, there was no significant difference between the two groups. The indirect bonding technique used in this study was found to be an effective and efficient means of bonding orthodontic brackets. Transbond XT and thermal glue matrix found to be suitable choice for use in indirect bonding technique for clinical use.
PREVALENCE OF ANEMIA AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH BODY MASS INDEX AND PLASMA PROTEIN IN MEDICAL STUDENTS OF KOLHAN REGION OF JHARKHAND – A CROSSSECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: CHOUDHARY NEELAM , MAHATO PARAS NATH , SINGH UMA SHANKAR , RAJAN KUMAR BARNWAL  , KUMAR VIMAL  , KUBER CHANDRA SETUA
Published: April 2024

Objectives: Anemia is one of the major public health concerns affecting almost 30% of the global population. Past studies have indicated that anemia is linked to lower body mass index (BMI) and plasma protein levels. This study aims to determine the prevalence of anemia among medical students and also to investigate its association with BMI and plasma proteins.
Methods: A cross-sectional study of 177 medical and paramedical students aged 18–21 years was done at MGM Medical College in Jamshedpur from September 2018 to July 2019. A Transasia EM200 automated chemical analyzer was used to identify plasma protein using the biuret approach. HemoCOR-D (cyanmethemoglobin) was quantified by a colorimetric instrument. A colorimetric apparatus measured hemoglobin (Hb) with HemoCOR-D (cyanmethemoglobin).
Results: There are a total of 177 pupils. The study included 48% (n=85) females and 52% (n=92) males. Males had a mean age of 20.03± 0.99 years while females had a mean age of 20.16±0.937 years. Males had greater Hb levels and protein levels than females, with averages of 13.61 ± 1.43 and 7.77± 0.93, respectively. Males had a frequency of anemia of 15.4%, while females had a prevalence of 70.9%. The researchers discovered a statistically significant link between anemic and non-anemic girls’ plasma protein levels (p=0.07), protein intake and plasma protein (p=0.048), and BMI and Hb (p=0.022).
Conclusions: A significant association was found between daily protein intakes with plasma protein. The association between BMI and hemoglobin was also found significant.
TO STUDY THE EFFECT OF TADALAFIL IN IMPROVING URODYNAMIC PARAMETERS IN SPINAL CORD INJURY PATIENTS: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Authors: KARMENDRA SINGH KUSHWAHA  , OM PRAKASH  , NIKHIL AGARWAL  , PRERNA BHASKAR
Published: April 2024

Objectives: The aim of the study was to compare the effect of single dose Tadalafil 20 mg 2 h after administration on Urodynamic study (UDS) parameters and comparison with calcium+vit-D3 (control) in spinal cord injury (SCI).
Methods: Sixty-six SCI individuals with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and upper motor neuron bladder were randomized into Tadalafil group (n=33) and calcium+vitD3 group (n=33). UDS was done and parameters (maximum detrusor filling pressure [MDFP], maximum bladder capacity, and bladder compliance) were recorded at baseline and 2 h after administration of respective drugs in both groups and comparison was done.
Results: Statistically significant improvement in mean MDFP from 24.42±6.75 to 21.12±5.72 cm H2O (p < 0.001), mean maximum bladder capacity from 263.94±108.48 to 287.67±112.71 mL (p<0.001), and mean bladder compliance from 11.07±4.31 to 13.94±5.13 mL/cm H2O (p<0.001) was observed in Tadalafil group whereas in calcium+vit-D3 group, no significant improvement was observed. When we compared difference of mean of MDFP, bladder capacity, and bladder compliance between Tadalafil and calcium+vitD3 group, significant improvement (p<0.001) in Tadalafil group was noted as compared to calcium+vitD3 group.
Conclusions: Single dose of oral Tadalafil 20 mg has shown significant improvement in MDFP, bladder capacity, and bladder compliance in SCI individuals with LUTS as compared to control.
EFFECT OF BETEL NUTS AND TOBACCO DERIVATIVES ON ANTIOXIDANTS AND MICRONUTRIENTS IN ORAL SUBMUCOUS FIBROSIS AND ORAL CANCER PATIENTS IN GUJARAT POPULATION
Authors: MONIKA PATEL  , GAURANG ANANDPARA  , SANDHYA PILLAI
Published: April 2024

Objective: In our previous study, we have find the significance of biochemical markers between precancerous and cancerous subject with normal healthy individuals in Gujarat population, taking into consideration the severity of biochemical markers in cancerous condition. We felt that other than comparison, effect of betel nuts and tobacco derivatives on antioxidants and micronutrients has required further evaluation to develop a better understanding. The objective of the present study is to measure the interdependence of antioxidants and micronutrients in oral submucous fibrosis and oral cancer patients and find its significance.
Method: In this study, a total of 150 patients in which 50 diagnosed PMD patients and 50 diagnosed oral cancer patients with 50 healthy non-tobacco consuming were selected as a control group. Five to seven milliliters of venous blood was collected under aseptic precautions with patients consent. All the parameters were analyzed by standard methods using fully auto-analyzed with a ready-to-use kit.
Result: This research was conducted on 150 patients, out of which 50 diagnosed potential malignant disorder patients and 50 oral squamous cell carcinoma patients matched with 50 healthy control individuals. Average age of patients with PMD and OSCC was 55.6±9.74-and that of control group was 35.83±8.90 years. Student t-test showed that there was a significant difference between the two groups with regard to age. Of the 100 patients with PMD, 72 (72% of total) were men and 28 (28% of total) were women. Among the individuals in the control group (n=50), 35 persons (70% of total) were men and 15 (30% of total) were women. Chi-square test showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of sex (p=0.891). The copper levels of PMD and OSCC, respectively, were 153.57±7.68 and 164.43±15.75. The value was statistically compared with OSCC which had significantly higher levels than healthy control (102.53±22.1). The iron levels of PMD and OSCC, respectively, were 77.62±15.27 and 50.04±19.97. The value was statistically compared with OSCC which had significantly lower levels than (138.4±13.2) healthy control. The Vitamin C levels of PMD and OSCC, respectively, are 0.55±0.10 and 0.44±0.9. The value was statistically compared to the OSCC which had significantly lower than 1.09±0.17 control. The Vitamin E levels of PMD and OSCC, respectively, 1.18±0.16 and 0.8±0.12 values were statistically compared the OSCC which had significantly lower levels than (1.39±3.64) healthy control.
Conclusion: In our finding, Vitamin C showed positive correlation with serum iron and serum copper with malignant disorders. Trace elements and antioxidants exhibited interdependence in both physiologic and pathologic states such as oral cancer.
Reconstituyendo la asamblea ciudadana pos-conflicto político en San Luis Amatlán, Oaxaca
Authors: Morales López Julio Ulises , Cruz Meléndez Christian Arturo
Published: April 2024

Objetivo: analizar el rol de la asamblea comunitaria como instrumento determinante para ejercer gobernanza en la política local indígena, ya que las diversas disputas entre facciones políticas erosionan el tejido social e incrementan la brecha de desigualdad.Diseño metodológico: es de tipo cualitativo con una etnografía en el municipio de San Luis Amatlán, Oaxaca. Se realizaron 15 entrevistas a profundidad con autoridades en todo el municipio y con población adulta. El análisis se hizo con las categorías analíticas de gobernanza en los Sistemas Normativos Internos, además de la opinión sobre la figura de administrador municipal.Resultados: se constató que la recuperación de la asamblea comunitaria municipal, así como las asambleas en agencias y rancherías, provocó mayor confianza entre las partes y la posibilidad de trazar una ruta conjunta para recobrar la gobernanza local a través de la elección del cabildo municipal.Limitaciones del estudio: aunque la etnografía buscó dar voz a múltiples actores y sectores sociales comunitarios, la investigación tuvo mayor relación con las personas autoridades ya que éstas conviven con mayor cercanía con los procesos de administración de los recursos y su contraloría.Hallazgos: la asamblea comunitaria es un elemento fundamental en los Sistemas Normativos Internos, los cuales están insertos en los usos y costumbres indígenas y su función no sólo es construir consensos, sino que además actúa como medio de contraloría y vigilancia administrativa. También existe persistente conflictividad derivada del diseño institucional de los municipios indígenas, los cuales tienen formas de resolución en sus usos y costumbres como la asamblea, la cual es un espacio para abordar problemas de forma directa y sin intermediarios.
SkyLogistics - The Complete Drone Delivery Solution
Authors: Rawarkar C. W.
Published: April 2024

Abstract: SkyLogistics introduces an innovative drone delivery system aimed at transforming last-mile logistics. Fueled by the growing demand for swift and reliable package delivery solutions, our approach integrates hardware design, software development, and user interface enhancements to deliver seamless experiences. Extensive testing underscores SkyLogistics' exceptional delivery precision, speed, and customer satisfaction while complying with airspace regulations and safety standards. Overcoming challenges like regulatory conformity and scalability, SkyLogistics sets the stage for future advancements in dronebased transportation systems.
A Fullstack Web Application to Provide On-demand Household Services
Authors: Jain Sammed C
Published: April 2024

Abstract: A Fullstack Web Application to Provide On-demand Household Services is a paper focused on designing and creating a full stack web application. The application aims to help users find nearby household service providers, such as electricians, plumbers, gardeners, carpenters etc. Users can easily browse the available services, book the appointments, track the location of service professionals, and share feedback about completed work. For service professionals, the application offers tools to manage appointments and track earnings. The application incorporates advanced technologies like Blockchain for secure storage of customer ratings, reviews, and work history generated by service professionals. Additionally, Machine Learning is utilized to develop chatbots for real-time user assistance. Few technological domains which are covered in this application are Full Stack development, Blockchain technology and Machine Learning. In summary, the goal of this application is to improve the skilled workforce connection system, making it efficient, secure, and engaging for all users
Fabrication of Intelligent Braking System
Authors: Reddy L. Vamsi Krishna
Published: April 2024

Abstract: The braking system was designed and applied on a car to make the driving process safety using embedded system design. Most of the accident occurs due to the delay of the driver to hit the brake, so in this project work braking system is developed such that when it is active it can apply brake depending upon the object sensed by the Proximity sensor and speed of vehicle. Currently, vehicles are often equipped with active safety systems to reduce the risk of accidents, many of which occur in the urban environments. The most popular include Antilock Braking Systems (ABS), Traction Control and Stability Control. All these systems employ different types of sensors to constantly monitor the conditions of the vehicle, and respond in an emergency situation. An intelligent mechatronic system includes an Proximity wave emitter provided on the front portion of a car producing and emitting Proximity waves frontward in a predetermined distance. An Proximity receiver is also placed on the front portion of the car operatively receiving a reflective Proximity wave signal. The reflected wave (detected pulse) gives the distance between the obstacle and the vehicle and RPM counter gives speed of vehicle. The microcontroller is used to control the braking of the vehicle based on the detection pulse information to push the brake pedal and apply brake to the car stupendously for safety purpose.
LoRa-Powered IoT Messaging System for Internet-Free Communication
Authors: Dsa Rithesh Jaston , Rashmitha  , Rao Balachandra
Published: April 2024

Abstract: This paper describes a novel message system that makes use of LoRa technology and the ESP32 IoT chip to deliver dependable communication in places with spotty internet access. The ESP32 module is integrated into the system architecture as an access point, and WebSocket protocol is used to enable messaging services. As a key center for communication, the ESP32- based access point facilitates flawless message exchanges between users. The key innovation lies in its incorporation of the LoRa RA-02 module, which enables RF-based communication among devices. The messaging system guarantees connectivity even in remote locations or areas with inadequate internet infrastructure by utilizing LoRa technology. This capability is especially helpful in situations when regular internet connectivity is unavailable or inconsistent, including in low-resource contexts, rural populations, or areas affected by disasters. Because of the messaging system's easy-to-use and accessible architecture, users can communicate without an internet connection. This lessens the need for internet connections and lowers related expenses, improving communication accessibility and affordability for marginalized communities.
Comparative Analysis of Natural and Artificial Coagulants
Authors: Pawar Abhijit , Sharma Hardik , Kharatmol Poonam , Mahadik Yash , Amrutsagar Abhinesh , Suryawanshi Mayur
Published: April 2024

Abstract: Turbidity is the measure of relative clarity of a liquid. It is an optical characteristic of water and is a measurement of the amount of light that is scattered by material in the water when a lightis shined through the water sample. The higher the intensity of scattered light, the higher the turbidity Turbidity in the water creates both aesthetic and health issues. Surface water treatment plants remove particles because they can cause objectionable appearances, tastes, and odour and can interfere with disinfection. A wide range of natural coagulants, such as moringa seeds, banana peel, jatropha curcas, cassava peel starch, watermelon, pawpaw, beans, nirmali seeds, papaya seeds, organic dry hibiscus and okra have been studied previously. Natural coagulants in powder forms are usually added directly to wastewater. The most commonly used inorganic chemical coagulants in water treatment. Aluminium sulfate Al2(SO4)3 is the most commonly used chemical for coagulation in wastewater treatment. Additional commonly used coagulants include sodium aluminate NaAIO₂, ferric sulphate Fe2(SO4)3 and ferric chloride FeCl3.
ANALISIS PEMASARAN USAHA KOPRA DI DESA MAROWO KECAMATAN ULUBONGKA KABUPATEN TOJO UNA-UNA
Authors: Lamando Moh Yunus , S.Hamzens Wildani Pingkan , Antara Made Krisna Laksmayani
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis rantai pemasaran Kopra dari Desa Marowo Kecamatan Ulubongka Kabupaten Tojo Una-una sampai ke Tangan Konsumen. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Marowo Kecamatan Ulubongka Kabupaten Tojo Una-una dari Bulan September sampai dengan November 2022. Penentuan responden dilakukan dengan metode acak sederhana (Simple Random Sampling) dengan jumlah responden 32 orang produsen (petani) dan pengambilan responden pedagang dilakukan dengan cara metode penjajakan (Tracing Sampling)sehingga diperoleh sebanyak 1 orang pedagang pengumpul, dan 2 orang pedagang besar. Metode analisis yang digunakan menentukan margin pemasaran, margin total pemasaran, bagian harga yang diterima petani, dan efesiensi pemasran. Hasil analisis pemasaran menunjukan bahwa saluran pemasaran usaha kopra di Desa Marowo melalui dua saluran pemasaran, yaitu : (1) Petani Pedagang Pengumpul Pedagang Besar Konsumen dan (2) Petani Pedagang Besar Konsumen. Hasil analisis pemasaran usaha kopra pada saluran pertama yaitu : Mt = Rp 3.500/Kg dan margin pada saluran kedua yaitu Mt = Rp 2.800/Kg. Bagian harga yang diterima petani pada saluran pertama yaitu : 66,6% dan untuk saluran kedua yaitu : 72,8%. Sehingga petani dianjurkan untuk menjual hasil produksinya dengan menggunakan saluran kedua karena bagian harga yang diterima petani lebih besar. Nilai efisiensi saluran pertama sebesar 8,0% dan untuk saluran kedua sebesar 4,6%, sehingga saluran kedua lebih efisien dari saluran pertama.
MANAJEMEN PERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU TAHU PADA RUMAH INDUSTRI TAHU DIKI DI DESA TOGA KECAMATAN AMPIBABO
Authors: Ningrum Dian Legistia , Asih Dewi Nur , Sultan Hardiyanti
Published: April 2024

Rumah Industri Tahu Diki merupakan satu-satunya pabrik tahu di Desa Toga Kecamatan Ampibabo. Masalah yang dihadapi terkait jumlah persediaan bahan baku yang harus dipesan, kapan harus memesan, berapa banyak persediaan maksimal bahan baku yang harus disimpan, berapa jumlah persediaan pengamanan (Safety Stock). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah pembelian bahan baku yang paling ekonomis, mengetahui jumlah persediaan pengamanan (Safety Stock) yang harus disediakan, mengetahui kapan waktu yang tepat untuk melakukan pemesanan kembali (Reorder Point), mengetahui berapa total biaya persediaan bahan baku kedelai. Hasil penelitia n menunjukkan bahwa jumlah pembelian ekonomis bahan baku tahu pada periode Januari-Desember 2022 sebesar 2.935,02 kg/tahun. Total biaya persediaan bahan baku yang dikeluarkan rata-rata sebesar Rp. 332.366,85/tahun. Persediaan pengamanan sebesar 864,5 kg/bulan. Titik pemesanan kembali bahan baku tahu dilakukan pada saat persediaan digudang rata-rata sebesar 1.101,83 kg/tahun.
ANALISIS NILAI TAMBAH SINGKONG MENJADI KERIPIK SINGKONG BALADO PADA INDUSTRI RUMAH TANGGA PASUNDAN DI KOTA PALU
Authors: Talalo Ervina Yulita , Rauf Rustam Abd , Alamsyar Al
Published: April 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui besarnya nilai tambah yang dihasilkan setelah pengolahan singkong menjadi keripik singkong pada industri rumah tangga pasundan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada industri rumah tangga pasundan di Kota Palu, Responden yang dipilih yaitu 1 orang pimpinan perusahaan, 2 karyawan bagian produksian 1 orang bagian pemasaran yang secara aktif melakukan pengolahan keripik singkong. Data dalam penelitian ini terdiri atas dara primer dan data sekunder. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis metode Hayami. Berdasarkan hasil dan pembahasan maka di peroleh kesimpulan produksi keripik singkong pada industri rumah tangga pasundan selama bulan september tahun 2022 menggunakan 80 kg bahan baku singkong dan menghasilkan 50 kg keripik singkong. Dengan harga Rp. 65.000 per kg, hasil produksi kemudian dikemas dalam kemasan 150gram dan dijual dengan harga Rp. 10.000 untuk setiap bungkusnya. Besarnya pendapatan yang diperoleh oleh industri rumah tangga pasundan sebesar Rp 294.202 dan nilai tambah yang diperoleh dari hasil olahan keripik singkong sebesar Rp 30.375/kg untuk setiap 1 kg keripik singkong yang di produksi dengan keuntungan sebesar Rp 17.875/kg dan tingkat keuntungan 58%. Hal tersebut menunjukan bahwa pengolahan singkong menjadi keripik singkong memiliki nilai tambah yang tinggi.
MANAJEMEN PERSEDIAAN BAHAN BAKU SARABBA PADA INDUSTRI KECIL MENENGAH (IKM) RAJA BAWANG DI KOTA PALU
Authors: Dolok Saribu Nadia Aviliani , Damayanti Lien , Antara Made Krisna Laksmayani
Published: April 2024

IKM Raja Bawang merupakan salah satu industri yang memproduksi olahan jahe menjadi minuman instan sarabba. Industri ini terletak di Jalan Abd. Rahman Saleh No.33 Birobuli Utara Kecamatan Palu Selatan Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mengetahui berapa banyak pembelian bahan baku yang ekonomis (Economic Order Quantity) untuk persediaan bahan baku, untuk mengetahui berapa banyak persediaan pengaman (Safety Stock) dan untuk

mengetahui waktu yang tepat bagi industri untuk melakukan pemesanan kembali (Reorder Point) terhadap persediaan bahan baku, untuk mengetahui total biaya persediaan bahan baku (Total Inventory Cost). Hasil penelitian bahwa jumlah pemesanan ekonomi bahan baku sarabba pada Industri Raja Bawang bulan Januari-Desember 2022, rata-rata sebesar 83 kg. Persediaan pengaman yang harus selalu tersedia digudang sebesar 6,84 kg. Pemesanan Kembali yang harus dilakukan pada Bulan JanuariDesember 2022 rata-rata sebesar 27,71 kg. Total biaya persediaan yang dikeluarkan oleh industri Raja Bawang pada Bulan Januari-Desember 2022 rata-rata sebesar Rp.100.525,48 perbulan.
ANALISIS PENDAPATAN USAHA KOPRA DI DESA SIWALEMPU KECAMATAN SOJOL KABUPATEN DONGGALA
Authors: Wilda Wilda , Muis Abdul , Laurencia Manurung Dewi Sartika
Published: April 2024

Produk kopra adalah salah satu komoditi andalan Indonesia yang di pasarkan ke manca negara, sebagai bahan pembuatan berbagai produk seperti minyak goreng, margarin, deterjen hingga bahan bakar bio diesel. Saat ini sebagian besar kopra yang di ekspor Indonesia masih dalam bentuk CCO. Namun pengembangan lebih lanjut menjadi produk lain yang memiliki nilai jual lebih tinggi akan dapat menaikkan nilai ekspor dan membantu pengembangan industri pengolahan kopra

dalam negeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pendapatan usaha kopra di Desa Siwalempu Kecamatan Sojol Kabupaten Donggala. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Siwalempu Kecamatan Sojol Kabupaten Donggala pada bulan Januari sampai dengan Maret 2022. Jumlah responden sebanyak 31 orang dari 108 orang yang melakukan usaha kopra. Penentuan responden dilakukan secara sengaja (Purposive). Data primer dalam penelitian diperoleh dengan cara observasi dan wawancara langsung dengan responden yang terpilih yang dibantu dengan daftar pertanyaan (kuisioner), sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh dari literatur-literatur dan instansiinstansi yang terkait. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan yang diperoleh produsen kopra di Desa Siwalempu Kecamatan Sojol Kabupaten donggala menggunakan alat analisis pendapatan sebesar Rp.178.249.269 selama satu kali produksi, diperoleh dari pengurangan antara penerimaan sebesar Rp.279.760.000 dengan total biaya usaha kopra sebesar Rp.101.510.731 dengan rata-rata pendapatan sebesar Rp.5.749.976,42 selama satu kali produksi (3 bulan).
Dependence from cardiac contractility modulation -- a loss of modulation as a cause of heart failure exacerbation.
Authors: Wojtaszczyk Adam , Kaczmarek Krzysztof , Ptaszynski Pawel , Wranicz Jerzy , Cygankiewicz Iwona
Published: April 2024

Although certain group of patients can benefit from cardiac
resynchronization therapy, many patients do not fulfil criteria for such
treatment. Cardiac contractility modulation (CCM) could be an option for
them. CCM, by delivering of non-excitable impulses can improve cardiac
contractility with concomitant HF symptoms reduction. In presented case,
patient benefited from
Memory-based Event-Triggered Control for Networked Control System under Cyber-attacks
Authors: Khemissat Abdel Mouneim , Nafir Noureddine , Farrag Mohamed Emad , Rouamel Mohamed
Published: April 2024

This paper focuses on the problem of stability for a class of linear
networked control systems (NCSs) subjected to network communication
delays and random deception attacks. A new memory event-triggered
mechanism (METM) is proposed to reduce the unnecessary transmitted data
through the communication channel and then enhance the network
resources. In this context, a new memory stochastic state feedback
controller is proposed to stabilize the closed-loop networked control
system. A new randomly occurring deception attacks model is employed to
deal with the security problem of NCSs. Sufficient stability conditions
are derived based on a suitable Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional (LKF).
The designed methodology is proposed in terms of linear matrix
inequality to synthesize both event-triggered parameters and controller
gains, and to reduce the conservatism of the system some integral lemma
are exploited to bind the time derivative of the LKF. Finally, two
numerical examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the
proposed method which provides a maximal upper bound value of the
network induced of delay and less transmitted packet regarding the
maximal value delay obtained in other works, so less conservatism
results are obtained, compared to previous ones in the literature.
MUSCLE ENDURANCE, NEUROMUSCULAR FATIGABILITY AND COGNITIVE CONTROL DURING PROLONGED DUAL-TASK IN PEOPLE WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY
Authors: Chatain Cyril , Vallier Jean-Marc , Paleiron Nicolas , Waltz Fanny Cucchietti , Ramdani Sofiane , Gruet Mathieu
Published: April 2024

Recent studies suggest that, compared to healthy individuals, people
with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (pwCOPD) present a reduced
capacity to perform cognitive-motor dual-task (CMDT). However, these
studies were focused on short-duration CMDT offering limited insight to
prolonged CMDT inducing fatigue, which can be encountered in daily life.
The present study aimed to explore the effect of adding a cognitive task
during repeated muscle contractions on muscle endurance, neuromuscular
fatigability and cognitive control in pwCOPD compared to healthy
participants. Thirteen pwCOPD and thirteen age- and sex-matched healthy
participants performed submaximal isometric contractions of the knee
extensors until exhaustion in two experimental sessions: (1) without
cognitive task and (2) with a concurrent working memory task (i.e.,
1-back task). Neuromuscular fatigability (as well as central and
peripheral components measured by peripheral magnetic stimulation),
cognitive performance and perceived muscle fatigue were assessed
throughout the fatiguing tasks. Independently to the experimental
condition, pwCOPD exhibited lower muscle endurance compared to healthy
participants (p=0.039), mainly explained by earlier peripheral fatigue
and faster attainment of higher perceived muscle fatigue
(p<0.05). However, neither effect of cognitive task (p=0.223)
nor interaction effect (group × condition ; p=0.136) was revealed for
muscle endurance. Interestingly, cognitive control was significantly
reduced only in pwCOPD at the end of CMDT (p<0.015),
suggesting greater difficulty for patients with dual-tasking under
fatigue. These findings provide novel insights into how and why fatigue
develops in COPD in dual-task context, offering a rationale for
including such tasks in rehabilitation programs.
Proteomics is advancing the understanding of stallion sperm biology.
Authors: PEÑA FERNANDO J , Cano Francisco E. Martín , BECERRO-REY LAURA , FERRUSOLA CRISTINA ORTEGA , GAITSKELL-PHILLIPS GEMMA , SILVA-ALVAREZ EVA DA , GIL MARIA CRUZ
Published: April 2024

The mammalian ejaculate is very well suited for proteomics studies. As
such, investigations on the sperm proteomics are offering a huge amount
of new information on the biology of the spermatozoa. Among domestic
animals, horses represent a special interest species, in which
reproductive technologies and an important market of genetic material
has growth exponentially in the last decade. Investigations using
proteomic approaches have been conducted in recent years, showing that
proteomics is a potent tool to dig into the biology of the stallion
spermatozoa. The aim of this review is to present an overview of the
research conducted, and how these studies have improved our knowledge of
the stallion sperm biology. The main outcomes of the research conducted
so far have been an improved knowledge of the metabolism, and its
importance of sperm functions, the impact of different technologies in
the sperm proteome, and the identification of potential biomarkers.
Moreover, proteomics of the seminal plasma and phosphoproteomics are
identified as areas of major interest.
Deciphering the significant role of biological ice nucleators in precipitation at the organic molecular level
Authors: Niu Mutong , Hu Wei , Huang Shu , Chen Jie , Zhong Shujun , Huang Ziye , Duan Peimin , Pei Xiangyu , Duan Jing , Bi Kai , Chen Shuang , Jin Rui , Sheng Ming , Yang Ning , Wu Libin , Deng Junjun , Zhu Jialei , Shen Fangxia , Wu Zhijun , Zhang Daizhou , Fu Pingqing
Published: April 2024

Biological particles, as a fraction of organic particles, potentially
play a crucial role in ice nucleation processes. However, the
contributions and relationships of biological components and organic
matter (OM) to atmospheric ice nucleation are still largely unexplored.
Here, droplet freezing assays, high-throughput sequencing technology and
ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry were performed to detect the
INPs, microorganisms and OM molecules in precipitation collected at the
summit of Mt. Lu, China, respectively. Results revealed a predominant
biological composition (71.7% and 93.2%) of total and nanoscale INPs
(< 0.22 μm) at temperatures above −15°C. Specifically,
bacterial INPs accounted for 36.1% of the biological INPs at
temperatures above −15°C. A notable correlation between
sulfur-containing compounds, mainly proteinaceous and lignin-like
substances, and INPs was uncovered, with a co-occurrence network linking
these compounds to Gram-positive bacteria and Agaricomycetes. This study
underscored the possible significance of sulfur-containing compounds in
biological INP efficiency, which could further help shed light on the
ice nucleation mechanisms and potential sources of biological INPs.
Modeling subduction with extremely fast trench retreat
Authors: Peng Diandian , Stegman Dave
Published: April 2024

The Tonga-Kermadec subduction zone exhibits the fastest observed trench
retreat (up to 16 cm/yr) and convergence rate (up to 23 cm/yr) near its
northern end. However, it exhibits a paradox: despite this rapid trench
retreat, the Tonga slab maintains a relatively steep dip angle (53°)
above 400 km. The slab turns flat around 400 km, then steepening again
until encountering a stagnant segment near the 670 km discontinuity.
Despite its significance for understanding slab dynamics, no existing
numerical model has successfully demonstrated how such a distinct slab
morphology can be generated under the fast convergence. Our mantle
convection models successfully reproduced the observed slab geometries
while incorporating the observed subduction rate. A key element of
achieving a qualitative match lies in the implementation of a hybrid
velocity boundary condition, which proves crucial for handling the fast
trench retreat. Our investigation explains how the detailed slab
structure is highly sensitive to physical parameters including the
seafloor age and the mantle viscosity. Notably, a nonlinear rheology,
where dislocation creep reduces upper mantle viscosity under strong
mantle flow, is essential. The weakened upper mantle allows for a faster
slab sinking rate, which explains the large dip angle. Our findings
highlight the utilizing rheological parameters that lead to extreme
viscosity variations within numerical models to achieve an accurate
representation of complex subduction systems like the Tonga-Kermadec
zone. Our study opens new avenues for further study of ocean-ocean
subduction systems, advancing our understanding of their role in shaping
regional and global tectonics.