bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KRİTİK ALTI SU İLE FINDIK ATIKLARINDAN ANTİOKSİDAN BİLEŞİKLERİN EKSTRAKSİYONU
Authors: Büyükkileci Ali Oğuz , Sürek Ece
Published: February 2018

Türkiye fındık üretim ve ihracatında dünya lideridir.
Fındığın tarımı ve işlenmesi sırasında büyük miktarda kabuk, zuruf ve dal gibi
atıklar açığa çıkmaktadır. Bu atıkların çevre dostu bir teknoloji ile işlenmesi
ve önemli ürünlerin üretilmesi katma değer sağlayabilir. Bu çalışmada, fındık
atıklarının farklı sıcaklık (150-200°C) ve sürelerde (0-45 dk) kritik altı su ekstraksiyonu
ile elde edilen likörlerinin toplam fenolik madde içeriği (TFİ) ve toplam
antioksidan aktiviteleri (TAA) incelenmiştir. Genel olarak, kritik altı su
ekstraksiyonu ile aseton ve metanol ekstraksiyonuna göre daha yüksek verim elde
edilmiştir. Sıcaklık arttıkça fındık kabuğundan elde edilen TFİ ve TAA
artmıştır. Süre artışı 180°C’de
istatistiksel olarak önemli bir fark yaratmazken, 190°C’de
TFİ süre arttıkça yükselmiştir (P
<0.05). Bu iki koşulun fındık kabuğu üzerine etkisi şiddet faktörünün
logaritmik değeri (log Ro)
hesaplanarak tek bir parametrede de incelenmiştir. log Ro arttıkça TFİ (905.3-2115.7 mg GAE/100 g kabuk) ve TAA
(8163.9-12261.5 mg TE/100 g kabuk) değerleri yükselmiştir.
Attenuation of NK cells facilitates mammary tumor growth in streptozotocin-induced diabetes in mice
Authors: Gajovic Nevena , Jurisevic Milena , Pantic Jelena , Radosavljevic Gordana , Arsenijevic Nebojsa , Lukic Miodrag L , Jovanovic Ivan
Published: February 2018

Diabetic patients have higher incidence and mortality of cancer. Recent study revealed that hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress is involved in the acceleration of tumor metastasis. We used model of high-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetes to investigate its effect on tumor growth and modulation of antitumor immune response of 4T1 murine breast cancer in BALB/c mice. Diabetes accelerated tumor appearance, growth and weight, which was associated with decreased NK cells cytotoxicity against 4T1 tumor cells in vitro. Diabetes reduced frequencies of systemic NKG2D+, perforin+, granzyme+, IFN-γ+ and IL-17+ NK cells, while increased level of PD-1 expression and production of IL-10 in NK cells. Diabetes decreased percentage of NKG2D+NK cells and increased percentage of PD-1+ NK cells also in primary tumor. Diabetes increased accumulation of IL-10+ Tregs and TGF-β+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in spleen and tumor. Diabetic sera in vitro significantly increased the percentage of KLRG-1+ and PD-1+ NK cells, decreased the percentage of IFN-γ+NK cells, expression of NKp46 and production of perforin, granzyme, CD107a and IL-17 per NK cell in comparison to glucose-added mouse sera and control sera. Significantly increased percentages of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) producing MDSCs and dendritic cells (DC) were found in the spleens of diabetic mice prior to tumor induction. 1-methyl-DL-tryptophan, specific IDO inhibitor, almost completely restored phenotype of NK cells cultivated in diabetic sera. These findings indicate that diabetes promotes breast cancer growth at least in part through increased accumulation of immunosuppressive cells and IDO-mediated attenuation of NK cells.
SULFATION PATHWAYS: Alternate steroid sulfation pathways targeted by LC–MS/MS analysis of disulfates: application to prenatal diagnosis of steroid synthesis disorders
Authors: Pozo Oscar J , Marcos Josep , Khymenets Olha , Pranata Andy , Fitzgerald Christopher C , McLeod Malcolm D , Shackleton Cedric
Published: February 2018

The steroid disulfates (akabis-sulfates) are a significant but minor fraction of the urinary steroid metabolome that have not been widely studied because major components are not hydrolyzed by the commercial sulfatases commonly used in steroid metabolomics. In early studies, conjugate fractionation followed by hydrolysis using acidified solvent (solvolysis) was used for the indirect detection of this fraction by GC–MS. This paper describes the application of a specific LC–MS/MS method for the direct identification of disulfates in urine, and their use as markers for the prenatal diagnosis of disorders causing reduced estriol production: STSD (steroid sulfatase deficiency), SLOS (Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome) and PORD (P450 oxidoreductase deficiency). Disulfates were detected by monitoring a constant ion loss (CIL) from the molecular di-anion. While focused on disulfates, our methodology included an analysis of intact steroid glucuronides and monosulfates because steroidogenic disorder diagnosis usually requires an examination of the complete steroid profile. In the disorders studied, a few individual steroids (as disulfates) were found particularly informative: pregn-5-ene-3β,20S-diol, pregn-5-ene-3β,21-diol (STSD, neonatal PORD) and 5α-pregnane-3β,20S-diol (pregnancy PORD). Authentic steroid disulfates were synthesized for use in this study as aid to characterization. Tentative identification of 5ξ-pregn-7-ene-3ξ,20S-diol and 5ξ-pregn-7-ene-3ξ,17,20S-triol disulfates was also obtained in samples from SLOS affected pregnancies. Seven ratios between the detected metabolites were applied to distinguish the three selected disorders from control samples. Our results show the potential of the direct detection of steroid conjugates in the diagnosis of pathologies related with steroid biosynthesis.
Sperm form and function: what do we know about the role of sexual selection?
Authors: Lüpold Stefan , Pitnick Scott
Published: February 2018

Sperm morphological variation has attracted considerable interest and generated a wealth of predominantly descriptive studies over the past three centuries. Yet, apart from biophysical studies linking sperm morphology to swimming velocity, surprisingly little is known about the adaptive significance of sperm form and the selective processes underlying its tremendous diversification throughout the animal kingdom. Here, we first discuss the challenges of examining sperm morphology in an evolutionary context and why our understanding of it is far from complete. Then, we review empirical evidence for how sexual selection theory applies to the evolution of sperm form and function, including putative secondary sexual traits borne by sperm.
Low-dose gonadotropin induction of ovulation in anovulatory women: still needed in the age of IVF
Authors: White Davinia M , Hardy Kate , Lovelock Suzannah , Franks Stephen
Published: February 2018

Low-dose, step-up gonadotropin is the treatment of choice for women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who have not conceived after anti-oestrogen treatment and as an effective alternative to pulsatile GnRH in women with hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH). There has been, however, no large-scale, comparative study between the two groups using low-dose gonadotropins. Here, we performed a retrospective, comparative analysis, in a single clinic database, of efficacy and safety of induction of ovulation using low-dose gonadotropins in 364 women with PCOS and 80 women with HH. The rate of ovulation was high in both PCOS (83%) and HH (84%) but mono-follicular, ovulatory cycles were more prevalent in PCOS than in HH (77% vs 53%,P < 0.0001) and the proportion of cycles that were abandoned was higher in HH than in PCOS (25% vs 15%,P < 0.0001). The median threshold dose of gonadotropin required to induce ovulation was 75 IU/day in PCOS and 113 IU/day in HH (P < 0.001) and the range of doses was greater in HH women. Forty-nine percent of women with PCOS and 65% of those with HH conceived (more than 90% within 6 cycles of treatment) and had at least one pregnancy. Multiple pregnancies (all twins) occurred in only 4% of women with PCOS and 5% of those with HH. These findings emphasise the efficacy and safety of low-dose gonadotropin treatment for both clomiphene-resistant women with PCOS and those with HH. These results highlight the importance of choosing the more physiological approach of gonadotropin induction of ovulation in both groups as the most appropriate treatment, in preference to IVF.
DOĞAL BAŞ POZİSYONU VE BELİRLEME YÖNTEMLERİ: LİTERATÜR DERLEMESİ
Authors: Topsakal Kübra Gülnur , Gül Amuk Nisa
Published: February 2018

Günümüz
ortodontik tedavi yaklaşımlarında sert dokularda elde edilecek değişimlerden
öte, hastaların yumuşak dokularının tedavi süresindeki değişimleri önem arz etmektedir.
Geçmişten bugüne teşhis ve tedavi planlamasında kullanılan ve kısmen
geçerliliklerini kaybeden intrakraniyal referans noktaları, hastadan hastaya
değişiklik gösteren anatomik varyasyonlar nedeniyle tedavi planını ve
dolayısıyla tedavi sonucunu olumsuz etkileyebilir. Güncel yaklaşım ise estetik
hedeflerin doğru belirlenebilmesi için yüz yapılarının gerçek zamanlı görünümüne
öncelik vermektedir. Yumuşak dokularda meydana gelmesi istenen değişikliklerin
ne yönde yapılacağının anlaşılması için kişinin baş ve yüz konumunun statik ve
dinamik hareketler grubunda sergilediği pozisyonlar önemlidir. Doğal baş
pozisyonunu (DBP) değerlendirmek için farklı metotlar kullanılmış ve bu anlamda
ilk olarak statik yöntemler geliştirilmiştir. Statik yöntemler belirli bir süreçteki
hareketler bütünü olan DBP’yi ölçmede yetersiz kalabilmektedir. Daha sonra
kullanılmaya başlanılan dinamik DBP belirleme yöntemleri de zamanla
geliştirilmiş ve statik-dinamik yöntemlerin kombinasyonları öne çıkmıştır. Bu
derlemede DBP belirleme yöntemleri, geçmişten bu yana genel bir bakış açısı
içinde anlatılacaktır.
THE VOLUME OF THE CEREBELLUM IN THE SECOND SEMESTER OF GESTATION
Authors: Vulturar Damiana , Fărcăşanu Alexandru , Turcu Flaviu , Boitor Dan , Crivii Carmen
Published: February 2018

Background and aims. The cerebellum (“little brain”), the largest part of hind brain, lies in the posterior cranial fossa, beneath the occipital lobe and dorsal to the brainstem. It develops over a long period: it is one of the first structures in the brain to begin to differentiate, but one of the last to mature. The use of ultrasonography has significantly improved the evaluation of fetal growth and development and has permitted prenatal diagnosis of a variety of congenital malformations.The aim of our study was to evaluate the cerebellar growth and development using 2 different measuring techniques: microMRI and ultrasound technique. The cerebellum measurements were related to gestational age.Methods. We used 14 human fetuses corresponding to 15-28 gestational weeks, immersed in a 9% formalin solution. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was performed by employing a Bruker BioSpec 70/16USR scanner (Bruker BioSpin MRI GmbH, Ettlingen, Germany), operated at 7.04 Tesla for cerebellar volume measurement. Ultrasonographic measurements of the cerebellum diameter were performed on 14 pregnant women, 15 – 28 gestational weeks. Ultrasound scan used 5-10 MHZ for transvaginal approach. Taking into consideration the values of the cerebellum dimensions and considering the general shape of the cerebellum as a transverse ellipsoid, the volume of the cerebellum was calculated by a mathematical formula for ellipsoid volume.Results. The study correlates the measurements from the microMRI study with the ultrasounds data and the results are superposable. Both established the exponential volume growth after the 22-23 GW. We used the ellipsoid volume formula for the cerebellar volume using the half of the three diameters of the cerebellum determined by ultrasound measurements:Cerebellar Volume = Ellipsoid volume =  r1 r2 r3Conclusion. There is a linear correlation between the microMRI measurements and ultrasound determinations.  Based on all collected data we could apply an easy formula to calculate the volume of cerebellum, a useful criterion in the evaluation of the cerebellar development and the appreciation of the gestational age.
Reverse Archaeology
Authors: Griffiths Rupert , Wei Lia
Published: February 2018

This photo-essay draws from a three-year collaboration—Site_Seal_Gesture (2013–2016)—between archaeologist Lia Wei and geographer Rupert Griffiths. The initial point of departure was a reflection on the use of creative practice in our respective academic fields, and our shared interest in the relationship between time, materiality, and the human subject. This quickly developed into a shared discursive and artistic practice. Building blocks for a common language emerged through sketch dialogues and shared itineraries, which made connections between abandoned military defence architectures on the southeast coast of the UK and second-century rock-cut tombs in Southwest China. Speculative connections between past, present, and future were drawn out and deposited in models cast in plaster and life-size replicas carved in chalk or stone. Through the entwined actions of dwelling and making, the creative manipulation of archaeological materials constructs a unique tunnel between marginal landscapes and multiple temporalities.
To Talk of Turns…
Authors: Hawkins Harriet
Published: February 2018

Who does not want to be creative? Geographers certainly do. Where the ‘creative turn’ has emerged on the horizon of a range of humanities disciplines, from archeology to anthropology, geographers have fully embraced its possibilities if perhaps not yet its challenges. In this short piece I want to use the emerging desires and dilemmas of geography’s creative turn to reflect on the shared currents and common concerns of the current cross-disciplinary communities of the creative turn. Asking in turn; what do our different disciplines offer to a wider creative turn, what might it mean to take into account the histories of our creative turns, and what would it mean to develop more critical accounts of ‘creativity’? this paper argues for the importance of developing a critical vocabulary for cross-disciplinary turn-talk.
Junk Drawer Project
Authors: Godbout Genevieve
Published: February 2018

In “The Junk Drawer Project”, I rely on assemblage photographs I created at a Caribbean archaeological site and in contemporary American homes, to interrogate how aesthetic mediation enters archaeological interpretations through such methodological practices as field photography, and how the visual media produced for field analyses themselves become sites upon which the archaeological imagination is constituted. By presenting the outcome of the Junk Drawer Project as a photo essay, I aim to offer a critical engagement with artifact photography based in the deliberate and attentive application to contemporary contexts of methodological practices developed for the study of the eighteenth and nineteenth century, in order to reveal the tensions between the sensorial properties of artifacts, the specific bearings of my technical training as an archaeologist, and the field of possible interpretations afforded by evidentiary regimes within which my work typically unfolds. Through the application of this methodology to my own scholarship and in-field practice, I also explore how archaeology’s unique contribution to our understanding of human experience in the context of transdisciplinary scholarship might contribute to a critical engagement with the “creative turn” in the humanities and social sciences. I argue that the practice of assemblage photography throws into relief how the tensions between archaeological scholarship, fieldwork and representation shape not only the constitution of “assemblages” into meaningfully discrete bundles of evidence, but also the very recording process through which traces of the past are made visible, and through which archaeologists are made visible to each-other and themselves as practitioners.
Beyond Art/Archaeology
Authors: Thomas Antonia , Lee Daniel , Frederick Ursula , White Carolyn
Published: February 2018

This forum aims to go beyond the usual art/archaeology discussions to explore the possibilities – and challenges - for work which might push beyond what is traditionally accepted as either art or archaeology. The articles comprise a diverse range of responses from academics and practitioners working creatively with heritage—in its broadest sense—from a range of disciplinary perspectives. This introduction sets these responses into context through the discussion of several interlinked themes - interdisciplinarity, practice, participation, and relevance - which surface throughout the forum.
Art/Archaeology
Authors: Bailey Doug
Published: February 2018

Recent work by artists and archaeologists has explored the potential for collaboration between the two disciplines. While much aesthetically pleasing and intellectually stimulating work has emerged, most output remains limited in its extramural impact. This short note argues for a more robust practice though an art/archaeology, a practice that goes beyond the limits of the archaeological study of prehistoric, ancient or historic art, but engages modern and contemporary political and social action. At the core of an art/archaeology are three successive processes: disarticulation, repurposing, and disruption. The article works through the example of an anthropomorphic figurine and a ceramic vessel, and it concludes with a call for a more-applied output.
Editorial Introduction
Authors: Johnston Lucas , Sideris Lisa , Witt Joseph D.
Published: February 2018

Editorial Introduction
CARACTERIZAÇÃO GEOAMBIENTAL DA SUB-BACIA DO RIO SALGADO NA MESORREGIÃO SUL CEARENSE – Parte I – Clima e Arcabouço Geológico
Authors: Ribeiro Simone Cardoso
Published: February 2018

A sub-bacia hidrográfica do rio Salgado, afluente da Bacia do rio Jaguaribe, estásituada na porção sudeste do Estado do Ceará, e drena todo o Vale do Cariri,região diferenciada em meio ao semiárido nordestino devido à perenidade damaioria de seus cursos d’água, constituindo as veias do Cariri cearense. Pretendese apresentar os elementos constituintes da paisagem desta sub-bacia de acordo com a conceituação geossistêmica de Bertrand (1971), uma vez que este agrega estudos sobre fenômenos espaciais, geográficos, em que os elementos físico-biológicos e sócio-econômico-culturais se relacionam e produzem um espaço diferenciado. Assim, neste primeiro artigo sobre a Geografia Física Global da sub-bacia do rio Salgado, objetiva-se apresentar alguns elementos constituintes de sua paisagem de forma pormenorizada – os aspectos climáticos e a base geológico-estrutural da área. Para tanto foram utilizados trabalhos de levantamentos destes recursos naturais por órgão oficiais do Estado brasileiro (Ministério de Minas e Energia – MME/Projeto RADAMBRASIL, Superintendência para o Desenvolvimento do Nordeste - SUDENE, Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE, Fundação Cearense de Meteorologia e Recursos Hídricos - FUNCEME, Companhia de Gestão dos Recursos Hídricos – COGERH), assim como de teses e publicações acadêmicas sobre a área de estudo.
ENSINO DE GEOGRAFIA PARA SURDOS E OUVINTES: TRABALHANDO O CONCEITO DE PAISAGEM
Authors: Araújo Maria Cristina Cavalcanti , Duarte Carla Mirelly Caetano , Ferreira André , Dos Santos Igor Silvestre
Published: February 2018

Esse presente artigo tem o objetivo de discutir e exemplificar através de um relatode experiência como trabalhar o conceito de paisagem dentro de uma propostainclusiva, com alunos surdos, através da utilização de uma maquete e quebracabeça. Para tanto, inicialmente abordaremos algumas considerações sobrea proposta inclusiva, com base em alguns documentos oficiais educacionais,definindo o que é surdez e como a inclusão está inserida no cenário nacional.
FACTORS AFFECTING PHENOLOGY OF DIFFERENT Citrus VARIETIES UNDER THE TEMPERATE CLIMATE CONDITIONS OF SANTA FE, ARGENTINA
Authors: Micheloud Norma Guadalupe , Castro Damián César , Buyatti Marcela Alejandra , Gabriel Paola Maricel , Gariglio Norberto Francisco
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to characterize the phenology of different sweet orange, tangerines and tangerine hybrid varieties growing under the temperate climate conditions of Santa Fe Province, Argentina. Phenological stages were observed weekly during five consecutive years using a BBCH (Biologische Bundesanstalt, Bundessortenamt and Chemical industry) scale adapted for Citrus trees. All varieties showed a winter rest period from June to August. ‘New Hall’ and ‘Navelina’ varieties were the first to reach sprouting stage, whereas ‘Okitsu’ was the last. Inception of flowering occurred from August 13th to September 6th; and full bloom from September 12th to October 2nd. Fruit harvest started with the ‘Okitsu’ cultivar in March, and continued over a 7-month period. Interannual variation for inception of sprouting was high (44 days), and sprouting was correlated with both thermal accumulation (above 13ºC) and the amount of solar radiation measured during July (p<0.0001; r2=0.79). Navel oranges and the ‘Murcott’ hybrid bloomed 5–15 days earlier than other varieties, increasing probability of damage by late frosts.
IMPACT OF RAINFALLS ON THE ACARICIDE PROPARGITE WITH AND WITHOUT ADDITION OF ADJUVANTS FOR THE CONTROL OF THE MITE Brevipalpus yothersi
Authors: Sanches Jessica Josefa , Ferreira Marcelo da Costa , Andrade Daniel Junior de
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT Rainfalls may affect the efficiency of pesticides due to a decreased deposit of active ingredient on plants. This should be considered in spraying with acaricides, the main strategy used for the management of citrus leprosis, the main viral disease of the Brazilian citrus culture. Citrus leprosis disease is transmitted by Brevipalpus mites, mainly B. yothersi. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of artificial rains on the efficiency of the acaricide propargite in combination or not with adjuvants for the control of the mite B. yothersi. The experiment was conducted using orange plants grown in pots kept under greenhouse conditions. The acaricide propargite was evaluated isolated and with addition of the adjuvants polydimethylsiloxane (20mL cp/100 L of water) and a mixture of phosphatidylcholine (lecithin) and propionic acid (500 mL cp/100 L of water). After the application of the acaricide with and without the adjuvants, the plants were subjected to a 10-mm artificial rainfall at different time intervals: 5 minutes, and 1 and 12 hours after application. Thereafter, B. yothersi mites were transferred to plants for survival evaluation. The artificial rainfall affected negatively the efficiency of propargite isolated and in mixture. The addition of the adjuvant phosphatidylcholine and propionic acid impaired the efficiency of propargite due to an increased runoff of the broth and a decrease in the deposit of active ingredients on plants. We conclude that the acaricide propargite should not be used in combination with the adjuvants polydimethylsiloxane and mixture of phosphatidylcholine and propionic acid in rainy conditions.
Idosos longevos: avaliação da qualidade de vida no domínio da espiritualidade, da religiosidade e de crenças pessoais
Authors: Nunes Marília Gabrielle Santos , Leal Márcia Carrera Campos , Marques Ana Paula de Oliveira , Mendonça Sarah de Souza
Published: February 2018

RESUMO Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a qualidade de vida no domínio da espiritualidade, da religiosidade, de crenças pessoais e fatores associados em idosos longevos. Para isso, foi utilizado o questionário World Health Organization Quality of Life - Spirituality, Religiousness and Personal Beliefs, através de um estudo descritivo, transversal, com a participação de 100 idosos. Verificou-se que provavelmente a qualidade de vida esteja relacionada com a autoestima e com o bem-estar pessoal/espiritual. Neste âmbito, profissionais de saúde precisam estar engajados e incorporar este conhecimento, principalmente aqueles atrelados aos serviços de Atenção Primária à Saúde.
Fatores associados à fragilidade em idosos hospitalizados: uma revisão integrativa
Authors: Freire Júlio César Guimarães , Nóbrega Isabelle Rayanne Alves Pimentel da , Dutra Marina Carneiro , Silva Luan Medeiros da , Duarte Heloisa Alencar
Published: February 2018

RESUMO Objetivou-se sintetizar e avaliar a produção do conhecimento sobre os fatores significativamente associados à fragilidade em idosos hospitalizados. Para isso, foram consultadas as bases de dados Medical Literature and Retrieval System Online (Medline), Literatura Latino-Americana em Ciências da Saúde (Lilacs) e Índice Bibliográfico Español em Ciencias de la Salud (Ibecs), de 2012 a 2016, cuja análise de 20 artigos identificou fatores associados à fragilidade: maior mortalidade hospitalar e após alta, longa hospitalização, reinternação, transferências, idade avançada, sexo feminino e viuvez, além de fatores psicossociais, físicos e/ou funcionais. Espera-se que os resultados da revisão facilitem o aprimoramento de práticas e a tomada de decisão das equipes multiprofissionais que prestam assistência ao idoso no ambiente hospitalar.
Revisão sistemática da eficácia e da segurança das terapias livres de interferon para hepatite C crônica em pacientes coinfectados com o Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana
Authors: Ferreira Vinicius Lins , Pedrozo Regiellen Cristina , Góis Fernando Rodrigues , Pontarolo Roberto
Published: February 2018

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática para avaliar a eficácia e a segurança de terapias livres de interferon para hepatite C em pacientes coinfectados com o Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana. Ao todo, 10 ensaios clínicos foram incluídos em um total de 1.626 pacientes coinfectados com o Vírus da Hepatite C/Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana, em sua maioria, portadores do genótipo 1, e tratados principalmente por 12 ou 24 semanas. Os pacientes apresentaram taxas de aproximadamente 91% para desfechos de eficácia, enquanto descontinuações por eventos adversos foram inferiores a 3%. Desta forma, as terapias livres de interferon aparecem como uma boa opção para tratamento da hepatite C crônica no grupo de pacientes coinfectados com o Vírus da Imunodeficiência Humana.
Ultrasound spectroscopy as an alternative method to measure the physical-chemical constituents of buffalo milk
Authors: Melo Waldjânio de Oliveira , Monteiro Bruno Moura , Chaves Luciara Celi da Silva , Santos Eduardo Riodades Daher , Souza Damazio Campos de , Amorim Bianca Souza de , Faria Junior Sebastião Pereira de , Ribeiro Filho José Dantas , Faturi Cristian , Viana Rinaldo Batista
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to use ultrasound spectroscopy for the determination of the physical-chemical characteristics of buffalo milk and compare it to theinfrared method. Levels of fat, protein, lactose and non-fat solids (NFS) were determined in milk samples of 22 buffaloes (n = 383) with initial milk production of 6.97 ± 1.55 litres. The respective average results for the fat, protein, lactose and NFS of the individual samples were 6.31%, 3.81%, 4.99% and 9.75% for the infrared method-PO ANA 009 and 7.16%, 2.5%, 6.28% and 9.41% using ultrasound spectroscopy. There were significant differences (P<0.0001) in the levels of all of the components analysed between the two methods studied. Results obtained in the analyses using the ultrasonic milk analyser (Ekomilk Total®) were different from those obtained by the infrared method-PO ANA 009 (ESALQ), but they showed a high positive correlation for fat (r =0.84108, P<0.0001), moderate correlation for NFS(r= 0.71284 P = 0.0022), low correlation for lactose (r= 0.32197; P<0.0001) and the absence of correlation for protein(r= -0.00284, P<0.0001). Therefore, ultrasound spectroscopy can be used forthe determination of fat. For the other constituents of buffalo milk, in order to use the ultrasonic analyser, it is suggested that further studies should be conducted for technical and methodological adjustments.
Diagnostic methods for identification of root-knot nematodes species from Brazil
Authors: Cunha Tiago Garcia da , Visôtto Liliane Evangelista , Lopes Everaldo Antônio , Oliveira Claúdio Marcelo Gonçalves , God Pedro Ivo Vieira Good
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT: The accurate identification of root-knot nematode (RKN) species (Meloidogyne spp.) is essential for implementing management strategies. Methods based on the morphology of adults, isozymes phenotypes and DNA analysis can be used for the diagnosis of RKN. Traditionally, RKN species are identified by the analysis of the perineal patterns and esterase phenotypes. For both procedures, mature females are required. Over the last few decades, accurate and rapid molecular techniques have been validated for RKN diagnosis, including eggs, juveniles and adults as DNA sources. Here, we emphasized the methods used for diagnosis of RKN, including emerging molecular techniques, focusing on the major species reported in Brazil.
A survey of Senecio spp. affecting livestock in Uruguay and their associated pyrrolizidine alkaloid content
Authors: García Juan Agustín , Santos Carmen García y , Rosas Juan , Dutra Fernando , Gardner Dale
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT: In Eastern Uruguay there has been a significant increase of seneciosis in grazing livestock with most affected localities related to counties neighboring the Brazilian border. A survey in 28 farms associated with poisoning outbreaks in grazing cattle in Eastern Uruguay was carried out. Fifty populations of Senecio plants were collected for alkaloid analysis and species identification. Four species were identified: S. oxyphyllus DC, S. madagascariensis Poir, S. brasiliensis (Spreng.) Less., and S. selloi DC. Alkaloids were identified by a combination of GC-MS and HPLC-MS analysis and included: retrorsine in S. oxyphyllus; retrorsine, usaramine, and senecivernine/senecionine in S. selloi; retrorsine, senecivernine/senecionine, integerrimine, and usaramine in S. madagascariensis; and integerrimine, retrorsine and senecionine in S. brasiliensis. Total mean alkaloid concentration was reported to be highest in S. brasiliensis (17.6mg/g) followed by S. oxyphyllus (6.2mg/g), S. selloi (1.8mg/g) and S. madagascariensis (0.6mg/g). Alkaloid concentrations were also reported to be higher in 2015 vs. 2016 probably due to a common environmental factor. The species S. oxyphyllus and S. madagascariensis were not previously recognized as toxic plants in Eastern Uruguay. Particularly, S. oxyphyllus was present in 82% of the farms surveyed and occurred in high density with relative high concentrations of pyrrolizidine alkaloids suggesting S. oxyphyllus may be the main species involved in the reported outbreaks of seneciosis.
PROPUESTAS METODOLÓGICAS PARA EL DISEÑO DE UN CURSO DE LENGUA EXTRANJERA BASADO EN EL ENFOQUE POR TAREAS. ANÁLISIS DE NECESIDADES, SELECCIÓN Y TIPOS DE TAREAS
Authors: Llimós Ernesto Ferrando
Published: February 2018

RESUMEN La puesta en práctica de un método o enfoque implica su materialización en una serie de materiales conducentes a alcanzar unos objetivos previamente establecidos, y que además deben de tener en cuenta unas necesidades, la de los discentes, también previamente definidas. Planteamientos tales como: qué pautas seguir en la elaboración de un curso basado en tareas, cuál es la mejor tarea, en qué partes se divide una tarea o cómo equilibrar significado y forma, entre otros, motivan respuestas que tratarán de ser respondidas en el presente artículo. En definitiva, este artículo se mueve de lo teórico o abstracto, a lo práctico y tangible. Trata sobre lo que toca el discente, sobre lo que aprende y sobre lo que es evaluado. Su intención es exponer las distintas propuestas actuales existentes para el diseño de las tareas que conforman un curso o currículo. Pretende ser, en definitiva, una ayuda al docente. Pero al margen de la diversidad de metodologías, se ha apostado y respaldado con la teoría de distintos autores, por un hilo conductor concreto que parte de situar al enfoque por tareas como medio didáctico a día de hoy irrenunciable, sobre todo en los enfoques CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) o CBI (Content Based Instruction), a lo que se suma, además, unos factores creemos ineludibles en cualquier curso de lengua extranjera: incentivar la comunicación en clase, hacer del discente el centro de atención del proceso de aprendizaje, el enfoque orientado a la acción y la importancia de la función social en la enseñanza de lenguas extranjeras, así como de la inclusión de la interculturalidad.
LA EFECTIVIDAD DEL FEEDBACK CORRECTIVO ESCRITO INDIRECTO METALINGÜÍSTICO EN EL ESPAÑOL COMO LENGUA EXTRANJERA
Authors: Cabrera Anita Alejandra Ferreira
Published: February 2018

RESUMEN La propuesta de estrategias de Feedback Correctivo Escrito (FCE) para mejorar la precisión en la escritura requiere de investigaciones que examinen los efectos de recibir versus no recibir FCE en el corto y largo plazo. En este trabajo, se presenta un estudio experimental longitudinal con pre-test/post-test (inmediato y diferido) y grupo control para evaluar la efectividad del FCE indirecto metalingüístico y directo metalingüístico en la disminución de errores en aprendientes de nivel A2 y B1 en ELE. Los errores tratados corresponden a la ortografía acentual, las preposiciones y la concordancia gramatical. Los resultados muestran una mayor efectividad en el FCE indirecto metalingüístico tanto en los niveles de competencia A2 como B1 en el corto y largo plazo.
Can climate and soil conditions change the morpho-anatomy among individuals from different localities? A case study in Aldama grandiflora (Asteraceae)
Authors: Muniz L. F. , Bombo A. B. , Filartiga A. L. , Appezzato-da-Glória B.
Published: February 2018

Abstract Vegetative aerial organs are considerably more exposed to environmental conditions and can reflect the specific adaptations of plants to their local environment. Aldama grandiflora species are known to be widely distributed in Brazil; therefore, individuals from different populations of this species are thought to be exposed to different abiotic and biotic conditions. Several anatomical studies conducted on Brazilian Aldama species have mainly focused on the qualitative anatomical characters or traits of these species, but not on their quantitative traits. In this study, we evaluated whether climate and soil conditions can change the morphometry among individuals of A. grandiflora collected from six sites in the Goiás State, Brazil, by assessing their anatomical characters. Further, soil sampling was performed, and climate data were collected from all the six sites. The analysis indicated few statistical differences among the populations evaluated, showing that A. grandiflora presented consistent leaf and stem anatomical characteristics. The small morpho-anatomical differences found among individuals of the different populations evaluated, reflected the soil conditions in which these populations were grown. Therefore, environmental factors have a significant influence on the morpho-anatomy of Aldama grandiflora.
Escleroterapia de safena associada a enxerto de pele no tratamento de úlceras venosas
Authors: Oliveira Alexandre Faraco de , Oliveira Filho Horácio de
Published: February 2018

Resumo Contexto Úlceras são a resultante final de varizes associadas a refluxo de veias safenas. Objetivo Demonstrar a possibilidade de associar dois procedimentos, a escleroterapia com espuma de veias safenas e o enxerto de pele parcial, para o tratamento de pacientes com úlceras venosas relacionadas a refluxo de veias safenas. Métodos Foram tratados 20 membros em 20 pacientes, todos com ulcerações relacionadas a refluxo de veias safenas. Realizamos o enxerto de pele expandida, seguido da escleroterapia ecoguiada com espuma de polidocanol nas veias associadas às úlceras, através de punção ou dissecção da veia. Resultados Em todos os casos, houve melhora dos sintomas relacionados à úlcera e cicatrização da lesão. Em 11 casos, obtivemos a viabilidade do enxerto de pele por completo; em quatro casos, houve cicatrização de cerca de 50% da lesão; e nos cinco casos restantes, houve cicatrização de aproximadamente 75% da lesão. A primeira ultrassonografia de controle revelou esclerose completa dos vasos tratados em 19 dos 20 casos e esclerose parcial sem refluxo detectável em um caso. Na segunda ultrassonografia, realizada após 45 dias, observamos esclerose completa de 15 casos; em cinco casos, houve esclerose parcial, dos quais três sem refluxo detectável e dois com refluxo em segmentos isolados associados a varizes. A complicação mais frequente foi a pigmentação nos trajetos venosos, observada em 13 pacientes. Um caso apresentou trombose assintomática de veias musculares da perna. Conclusão Essa associação de procedimentos consiste em uma opção válida com potencial para promover um tratamento mais breve e de menor custo.
Contemporary strategies for repair of complex thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms: real-world experiences and multilayer stents as an alternative
Authors: Kolvenbach Ralf Robert
Published: February 2018

Abstract Thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAA) present special challenges for repair due to their extent, their distinctive pathology, and the fact that they typically cross the ostia of one or more visceral branch vessels. Historically, the established treatment for TAAA was open surgical repair, with the first procedure reported in 1955. Endovascular repair of TAAA with fenestrated and/ or branched endografts, has been studied since the beginning of the current century as a means of mechanical aneurysm exclusion. More recently, flow modulator stents have been employed with the aim at reducing shear stress on aortic aneurysmal wall. In this review we present technical and main results of these techniques, based on literature review and personal experience.
USE OF FIVE Eucalyptus species FOR PARTICLEBOARDS MANUFACTURE1
Authors: Rosa Thiago Souza da , Trianoski Rosilani , Iwakiri Setsuo , Bonduelle Ghislaine Miranda
Published: February 2018

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the technical feasibility of the use of five Eucalyptus species, originating from plantations with short rotation cycle, for particleboards manufacture. The following species have been studied: Eucalyptus benthamii, Eucalyptus dunni, Eucalyptus grandis, Eucalyptus saligna, Eucalyptus urograndis, their mixture and Pinustaeda as a control. 21 wood particleboard have been produced, with nominal density of 0.65 g/cm³, totaling 7 treatments. For the bonding, urea-formaldehyde resin was used, in the proportion of 8% of solids dry weight base of the particles, 2% of catalyst ammonium sulphate on weight of resin and 1% of paraffin. The Eucalyptus particleboards showed lower values of WA2h and WA24h than the particleboards produced with Pinus taeda. The particleboards composed Mix of species exhibited high dimensional stability similar to those produced with the pure Eucalyptus species. E. grandis showed values statistically higher of mechanical resistance (MOR and MOE) to those obtained by the other species studied, as well as, the Eucalyptus species were higher than the control species. In internal bond the particleboards produced with E. grandis was among the highest results of internal bond, being statistically similar to E. saligna. The species Mix particleboards exhibited proprieties in general similar to those produced with the pure Eucalyptus species. All species as well as the mix among them showed technical feasibility for particleboard manufacture.
MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF COLD BITUMINOUS MIXTURE UNDER EFFECTS OF STATIC AND REPEATED LOADS1
Authors: Silva Tamyres Karla da , Carvalho Carlos Alexandre Braz de , Marques Geraldo Luciano de Oliveira , Lima Dario Cardoso de , Silva Taciano Oliveira da , Machado Carlos Cardoso
Published: February 2018

Abstract This paper presents the results of an experimental research aimed at analyzing the mechanical behavior of a cold bituminous mixture under effects of static and repeated loads. Initially, a Marshall mixture design was performed to determine the mixture design contents according to standard DNER (1994a). After obtaining the mixture design contents, nine bituminous specimens were molded and subjected to the following tests: resilient modulus, tensile strength by diametral compression, and fatigue. The Marshall stability, independent from the mixture content used, surpassed the minimum limit recommended by the service specification DNIT (2010a). Regarding the Marshall flow, the values found exceeded the required by the referred specification. The results obtained for the average tensile strength by diametral compression, resilient modulus and fatigue life of the bituminous mixture were, respectively, 0.47 MPa, in the range of 1530-1837 MPa, and lower than 1000 cycles (for most stress differences applied), which were lower than those commonly reported for hot mixtures.
Approach to concurrent coronary and carotid artery disease: Epidemiology, screening and treatment
Authors: Reis Patrícia Feitosa Frota dos , Linhares Pedro Vieira , Pitta Fábio Grunspun , Lima Eduardo Gomes
Published: February 2018

Summary The concomitance between coronary artery disease and carotid artery disease is known and well documented. However, it is a fact that, despite the screening methods for these conditions and the advances in surgical treatment, little has been achieved in terms of reducing the risk of complications in the perioperative period. Publications are scarce, being mostly composed of reports or case series. There is little agreement on the best initial therapeutic approach (myocardial versus carotid revascularization) or the best technique to be used (surgery with or without extracorporeal circulation, hybrid treatments, etc.). The authors performed a review of the evidence in this clinical scenario, raising pragmatic questions that help in the therapeutic decision.
Environmental factors can influence dengue reported cases
Authors: Carneiro Marco Antonio F. , Alves Beatriz da C. A. , Gehrke Flávia de Sousa , Domingues José Nuno , Sá Nelson , Paixão Susana , Figueiredo João , Ferreira Ana , Almeida Cleonice , Machi Amaury , Savóia Eriane , Nascimento Vânia , Fonseca Fernando
Published: February 2018

Summary Introduction: Global climate changes directly affect the natural environment and contribute to an increase in the transmission of diseases by vectors. Among these diseases, dengue is at the top of the list. The aim of our study was to understand the consequences of temporal variability of air temperature in the occurrence of dengue in an area comprising seven municipalities of the Greater São Paulo. Method: Characterization of a temporal trend of the disease in the region between 2010 and 2013 was performed through analysis of the notified number of dengue cases over this period. Our analysis was complemented with meteorological (temperature) and pollutant concentration data (PM10). Results: We observed that the months of January, February, March, April and May (from 2010 to 2013) were the ones with the highest number of notified cases. We also found that there is a statistical association of moisture and PM10 with the reported cases of dengue. Conclusion: Although the temperature does not statistically display an association with recorded cases of dengue, we were able to verify that temperature peaks coincide with dengue outbreak peaks. Future studies on environmental pollution and its influence on the development of Aedes aegypti mosquito during all stages of its life cycle, and the definition of strategies for better monitoring, including campaigns and surveillance, would be compelling.
What clinical, functional, and psychological factors before treatment are predictors of poor quality of life in cancer patients at the end of chemotherapy?
Authors: Mangia Ariella Sebastião , Coqueiro Nara Lisiane de Oliveira , Azevedo Fernanda Cabral , Araujo Hiago Tomaz da Silva , Amorim Elizandra de Oliveira , Alves Cibelli Navarro Rodrigues , Camargo Calvino , Fonseca Allex Jardim da
Published: February 2018

Summary Objective: To correlate physical activity level (PAL), functional capacity and psychological state with quality of life (QoL) in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy (CT). Method: Observational cohort study. Patients (n=121) with any primary cancer site with indications of chemotherapy with palliative or curative intent were evaluated at three moments: 1) patient admission (week 0), before chemotherapy; 2) week 8; 3) end of CT. Data were collected regarding QoL, PAL, clinical data, functional capacity (short walking distance test, sitting-rising test, isometric manual gripping force), and anxiety and depression tests. Results: There was significant improvement at the end of CT for: level of physical activity; walk test (> 500 meters); sitting-rising test (> 20x). There was a significant reduction in the prevalence of moderate/severe depression. The prevalence of high QoL showed a significant increase in evaluation 3 (42.4% vs. 40.0% vs. 59.2%, p=0.02). Education up to high school level, low PAL, walking < 300 meters, sitting and rising < 20 times, having depression (moderate to severe) and QoL that was not high at the start of treatment (week 0) all proved to be risk factors for low quality of life at week 16. Conversely, early staging, curative intent chemotherapy and low-grade symptoms were shown to be protective factors. Conclusion: Performing less than 20 movements in the sitting-rising test and low PAL at the start of chemotherapy represent independent risk factors for low quality of life at the end of chemotherapy.
Update on antiphospholipid antibody syndrome
Authors: Lopes Michelle Remião Ugolini , Danowski Adriana , Funke Andreas , Rêgo Jozelia , Levy Roger , Andrade Danieli Castro Oliveira de
Published: February 2018

Summary Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) associated with thrombosis and/or pregnancy morbidity. Most APS events are directly related to thrombotic events, which may affect small, medium or large vessels. Other clinical features like thrombocytopenia, nephropathy, cardiac valve disease, cognitive dysfunction and skin ulcers (called non-criteria manifestations) add significant morbidity to this syndrome and represent clinical situations that are challenging. APS was initially described in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) but it can occur in patients without any other autoimmune disease. Despite the autoimmune nature of this syndrome, APS treatment is still based on anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy.
Deporte femenino en Italia entre el fascismo y la democracia (1927-53)
Authors: Ruiz Carlota Coronado
Published: February 2018

Resumen: Este artículo lleva a cabo un estudio comparativo de la información cinematográfica italiana relacionada con el deporte femenino difundida en dos periodos históricos: durante el fascismo y en la primera década de democracia en Italia en los años 1950. Se analizan y comparan los tipos de deporte con los que se relaciona a la mujer y los estereotipos femeninos y masculinos más difundidos por los noticiarios en ambos periodos que se encuentran en el Archivo Foto-Cinematográfico Luce (Roma). A través de este estudio se revelan las ideas que la sociedad de entonces tenía sobre la participación femenina en el campo del deporte. Además, permite establecer la evolución en la concepción y aceptación social del deporte femenino.