bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Can digital economy improve employment structure?—Mediating effect based on a spatial Durbin model
Authors: Lu Yang , Zhou Lu Lu
Published: November 2023

Based on the panel data of 283 prefecture-level cities in China from 2011 to 2019, this study constructed an index measurement system of digital economy, economic agglomeration, innovation and entrepreneurship, and employment structure. The index of digital economy was developed by entropy weight method, and the double-fixed spatial Durbin model was constructed based on the intermediary effect from the spatial perspective to determine the direct effect, indirect effect, and total effect of the digital economy, economic agglomeration degree, and innovation and entrepreneurship on employment structure. The results indicated a significant spatial correlation between the three aspects, i.e., digital economy can significantly optimize the employment structure, with an evident spillover effect. The mechanism analysis revealed that the level of innovation and entrepreneurship poses a stronger intermediary effect than the degree of economic agglomeration, and the digital economy in the eastern region directly impacts the urban employment structure; however, the influence of digital economy on the employment structure is significantly higher in small- and medium-sized cities than in large-sized cities.
Developing and evaluating the impact of a small group communication programme in improving the entrepreneurial competence and economic self-efficacy of smallholder farmers with art skills
Authors: Chen Yao , Maidin Siti Sarah , Tsegyu Santas , Tiamiyu Kabiru Adebowale , Ogbonne Ijeoma Pauline , Yare Danjuma Mathew , Ogiri Happiness Kodichinma , Gever Verlumun Celestine
Published: November 2023

The researchers in Study 1 conducted interviews among experts and developed a small group communication programme to be delivered in 24 months. In Study 2, a quasi-experiment was conducted involving 540 smallholder farmers in Nigeria to test the impact of the developed programme. The result showed that smallholder farmers with art skills who received the small group communication programme reported a significant improvement in their entrepreneurial competence and economic self-efficacy compared to smallholder farmers who did not receive the programme. A follow-up assessment after two years revealed the steady effectiveness of the developed programme.
Skewed perception of personal behaviour as a contributor to antibiotic resistance and underestimation of the risks
Authors: Smith Emily , Buchan Sarah
Published: November 2023

The increasing prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria poses a significant threat to global human health. Countering this threat requires the public to understand the causes of, and risks posed by, antibiotic resistance (AR) to support changing healthcare and societal approaches to antibiotic use. To gauge public knowledge, we designed a questionnaire to assess awareness of causes of AR (both personal and societal) and knowledge of absolute and relative risks posed by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Our findings reveal that while >90% respondents recognized personal behaviours as limiting AR, few individuals recognized the importance of societal factors e.g. the use of antibiotics in livestock. Furthermore, more respondents named viruses (either by name or as a group) than bacteria as reasons to take antibiotics, indicating lack of understanding. The absolute numbers of current and predicted future deaths attributed to antibiotic-resistant bacteria were under-estimated and respondents were more concerned about climate change and cancer than AR across all age groups and educational backgrounds. Our data reveal that despite heightened public awareness of infection-control measures following the COVID-19 pandemic, there remains a knowledge gap related to contributors and impacts of increasing numbers of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Dietary propolis improves the growth performance, redox status, and immune response of Nile tilapia upon a cold-stress challenge
Authors: Alrashada Yousof N. , Hassanien Hesham A. , Abbas Ahmed O. , Alkhamis Sami A. , Alkobaby Akram I.
Published: November 2023

The purpose of this research was to demonstrate the potential of adding propolis (PR) to the diet of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) to mitigate the harmful effect of cold stress (CS) on the growth performance, redox status, and immunological response. Two trials were conducted in this study. First, 210 Nile tilapia fingerlings (28.61±0.20 g) were used in a preliminary trial to determine the appropriate PR level and supplementation period to be applied for the main trial. Fish were assigned into 7 treatment groups (3 aquaria replicates × 10 fish per aquarium in each treatment group) according to the rate of PR supplementation in the fish diets at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 g/kg for 6 consecutive weeks. The average body weight and body weight gain were determined weekly. It was found that PR supplementation at 10 g/kg in fish diet for 4 weeks was enough to obtain significant results on the growth performance of Nile tilapia. For the main trial of the present study, 480 Nile tilapia fingerlings (average weight 29.93±0.11 g) were distributed into randomized 2 PR × 2 CS factorial treatment groups (6 replicate aquariums containing 20 fish in each group). Fish of PR groups received a basal diet for a feeding period of 4 weeks, included with 10 g/kg PR (+ PR group) or without PR inclusion (- PR group). Fish of the CS groups were either challenged with cold stress at 18°C (+ CS group) or maintained at a temperature of 26°C during the feeding period (- CS group). The results showed that CS challenge significantly (p < 0.05) impaired the growth indices, redox status, and immune response in the challenged fish compared to the non-challenged fish. On contradictory, the inclusion of PR into fish diets enhanced (p < 0.05) the feed intake, growth indices, antioxidant enzyme activity, and immunological parameters. Moreover, PR treatment alleviated the CS deterioration of fish weights, specific growth rates, feed efficiency, antioxidant enzyme activity, lymphocyte proliferation, and phagocytosis activity and alleviated the elevated mortality, H/L ratio, and malondialdehyde levels by cold stress. It is concluded that the inclusion of propolis at 10 g/kg in the diet of Nile tilapia fish could be approved as a nutritional approach to enhance their performance, especially when stressed by low-temperature conditions.
Identification and formation mechanism of key elements of supply chain resilience: Exploration based on grounded theory and verification of SEM
Authors: Ke Youan , Lu Lin , Luo Xiaochun
Published: November 2023

Supply chain resilience has garnered significant attention from both scholars and practitioners. However, the complex nature of the topic has resulted in a dearth of research on its key elements and formation mechanisms. To bridge this knowledge gap, we implemented grounded theory and conducted semi-structured interviews with 23 interviewees, which led to the identification of six key elements of supply chain resilience through open coding, axial coding, selective coding, and theoretical model saturation testing. These elements are product supply resilience, resource resilience, partner resilience, information response resilience, capital resilience, and knowledge resilience. Drawing from the key elements and the three phases of supply chain resilience (readiness, response, and recovery), we illustrated its formation mechanism and constructed a theoretical model of the influencing factors and pathways of supply chain resilience. We devised a questionnaire based on the coding results and confirmed its reasonableness and validity with a small sample of 109 questionnaires. Subsequently, a large sample of 409 questionnaires was used to test and validate the theoretical model using structural equation modeling, demonstrating that the identified key elements positively impact supply chain resilience. In sum, our paper enriches the comprehension of supply chain resilience by identifying its key elements and elaborating on its formation mechanism.
Functional recovery of chronically critically ill patients in the first days after discharge from the intensive care unit: Feasibility of the 6-minute step test
Authors: Roccasecca Sampaio Gaia Viviane , Costa Eduardo Leite Vieira , Yamaguti Wellington Pereira , Francisco Davi de Souza , Fumis Renata Rego Lins
Published: November 2023

Background

Survivors of chronic critical illness often experience weakness and functional dependence to various degrees after their intensive care unit (ICU) stay. Evaluating their functional status with the traditional six-minute walk test is challenging due to space constraints or patient intolerance.

Objective

Our aim was to evaluate the feasibility of using the six-minute step test (6MST) as a measure of functional capacity in chronically critically ill patients early after ICU discharge.

Methods

This prospective study was undertaken in a private Brazilian hospital. From July 2019 to July 2020, all chronically critically ill patients were asked to participate 48 hours after ICU discharge. On the day of study inclusion and a week later, those who consented underwent functional assessment comprised of the 6MST, peripheral muscle strength using handgrip strength (HGS), and mobility using the ICU mobility scale (IMS).

Results

A total of 40 patients were included. The 6MST was feasible in 40% on the first evaluation and 57% on the second. The median 6MST was 0 [0–5] on the first evaluation and 3.5 [0–7.75] on the second (P = 0.005). The median HGS increased from 11.50 [9.25–18] on the first evaluation to 14.5 [10–20] on the second (P = 0.006). The median IMS was 4.5 [3.25–7] on the first evaluation and 6 [3.25–7] on the second (P<0.001). Despite the significant improvement, all parameters measured remained well below normal.

Conclusion

The 6MST was a feasible measure of functional capacity in chronically critically ill patients early after ICU discharge. Patients had functional capacity well below predicted values.
Mask sociology as a way of action theory: Voices of the face mask among social individuals in the COVID-19 masquerade in South Korea
Authors: Shim Jae-Mahn
Published: November 2023

South Koreans are susceptible to the medical face mask against the COVID-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, their mask practices are intriguingly laden with contradictions and inconsistencies. This study accounts for this puzzle by expanding two sociological frontiers: the sociology of action (i.e., action theory of agency and individuality) and the sociology of the mask. Drawing on action theory, it stresses that contradictions and inconsistencies reveal the nature of individuals as social individuals and develops a typology of social individuals during the current pandemic (i.e., atomists, collectivists, and dualists). For mask sociology, it amplifies that any mask practices are conceptualized as a masquerade involving multiple elements for individuality and proposes a theory of mask multivocality that appreciates the ways in which masquerade the social drama becomes concretized. With this two-pronged conceptual innovation, it first demonstrates a patterned relationship between social individuals and mask multivocality. Dualists take more voices from the mask than atomists or collectivists. Dualists take the most contradictory voices as well. Second, it shows that Koreans who take more meanings from the mask reveal not only more vulnerability but more transformative power amid the current pandemic. Demonstrating the promise of mask sociology for the action theory of individuality, it ultimately argues that individuals as social performers often reveal themselves as mask-wearers who become as transformative as they are vulnerable. While this model is founded upon the recent pandemic, it ramifies in political and cultural events that various face coverings accompany.
Histological evaluation of the distribution of systemic AA-amyloidosis in nine domestic shorthair cats
Authors: Moccia Valentina , Vogt Anne-Cathrine , Ricagno Stefano , Callegari Carolina , Vogel Monique , Zini Eric , Ferro Silvia
Published: November 2023

Amyloidosis is a group of protein-misfolding disorders characterized by the accumulation of amyloid in organs, both in humans and animals. AA-amyloidosis is considered a reactive type of amyloidosis and in humans is characterized by the deposition of AA-amyloid fibrils in one or more organs. In domestic shorthair cats, AA-amyloidosis was recently reported to be frequent in shelters. To better characterize this pathology, we report the distribution of amyloid deposits and associated histological lesions in the organs of shelter cats with systemic AA-amyloidosis. AA-amyloid deposits were identified with Congo Red staining and immunofluorescence. AA-amyloid deposits were then described and scored, and associated histological lesions were reported. Based on Congo Red staining and immunofluorescence nine shelter cats presented systemic AA-amyloidosis. The kidney (9/9), the spleen (8/8), the adrenal glands (8/8), the small intestine (7/7) and the liver (8/9) were the organs most involved by amyloid deposits, with multifocal to diffuse and from moderate to severe deposits, both in the organ parenchyma and/or in the vascular compartment. The lung (2/9) and the skin (1/8) were the least frequently involved organs and deposits were mainly focal to multifocal, mild, vascular and perivascular. Interestingly, among the organs with fibril deposition, the stomach (7/9), the gallbladder (6/6), the urinary bladder (3/9), and the heart (6/7) were reported for the first time in cats. All eye, brain and skeletal muscle samples had no amyloid deposits. An inflammatory condition was identified in 8/9 cats, with chronic enteritis and chronic nephritis being the most common. Except for secondary cell compression, other lesions were not associated to amyloid deposits. To conclude, this study gives new insights into the distribution of AA-amyloid deposits in cats. A concurrent chronic inflammation was present in almost all cases, possibly suggesting a relationship with AA-amyloidosis.
Analysis of Causes and Trends in High-Damage Chemical Accidents: Human, Environmental, and Property Damages
Authors:   Crisis and Emergency Management: Theory and Praxis, Lim Tae Hyoung , Shin Seung-Hyeon , Won Jeong-Hun
Published: November 2023

This study analyzed the causes and trends of chemical accidents that occurred in Korea from 2014 to 2022. In particular, by comprehensively considering human casualties, environmental damage, and property damage, the relative risks and accident trends of each type of accident were identified. Utilizing the relative risk, the most dangerous accident type for each type of accident were derived. And, LDA topic modeling and network analysis were used to analyze accident trends for fire accidents identified as the most dangerous accident types. Results showed that the most dangerous accident type in terms of human casualties was explosion accidents, and the type of accident with a large impact on the environment and property was analyzed as fire accidents. As a result of LDA topic modeling, chemical fire accidents were broadly classified into four major topics. It is possible to analyze the complex causes and patterns of chemical accidents through methods using LDA topic modeling and network analysis, and it is possible to effectively establish prevention and response strategies for chemical accidents through the methods used.
Beyond the Usual Diet: A Challenging Case of Xylophagia Resulting in Intestinal Obstruction From Xylobezoar
Authors: Shah Yash R. , Narsapuram Parikshit , Krishnamoorthy Geetha , Mansour Ramy
Published: November 2023

Xylobezoar is indeed a rare condition associated with xylophagia, characterized by varying degrees of intestinal obstruction due to the entrapment of undigested paper in the gastrointestinal tract. Xylophagia is a form of pica that primarily affects children from low socioeconomic backgrounds with mental conditions and nutritional deficiencies. It is rarely seen in adults. Medical and endoscopic interventions are often challenging in these patients, and surgical intervention is often required. We present an endoscopically challenging case of pancolonic obstruction due to toilet paper accumulation in a patient with pica secondary to iron deficiency anemia.
Dekoloniale Geographien
Authors: Daigle Michelle , Ramírez Margaret Marietta
Published: November 2023

Michelle Daigle und Margaret Marietta Ramírez haben über mehrere Jahre der Zusammenarbeit eine Sprache für dekoloniale Geographien entwickelt. Sie verstehen dekoloniale Geographien als diverse und in sich verwobene Landschaft, die in den Eigenheiten jedes einzelnen Ortes begründet liegt. Dieses Kapitel stellt die räumlichen Verwebungen dekolonialer Geographien ins Zentrum, wie sie sich auf geraubtem und besetztem Indigenem Land und Gewässern darstellen. Es entwirft ein Verständnis für dekoloniale Geographien als sich formierende Konstellationen.
Kolonialität von Zuckerrohr
Authors: Carstensen-Egwuom Inken
Published: November 2023

Inken Carstensen-Egwuom zeichnet in diesem Text aufbauend auf dem Konzept des racial capitalism und mit einem Fokus auf Zuckerrohr koloniale Verbindungen aus Flensburg zu den Plantagenökonomien in der Karibik nach. Dieser Fokus ermöglicht eine Verbindung der Kritik von rassistischen und kapitalistischen Strukturen mit den ökologischen Problemen von Plantagen. Abschließend diskutiert der Text Reparationsforderungen und Überlegungen zu reparativer Gerechtigkeit.
Kolonialität von Essen und Bewegungen für Ernährungssouveränität
Authors: Hoinle Birgit , Brückner Meike
Published: November 2023

Essen ist politisch. Die Speisen, die auf unsere Teller kommen sind verknüpft mit kolonial geprägten, vergeschlechtlichten und klassenbasierten Machtverhältnissen. In diesem Buchbeitrag nehmen wir die Konzepte der Kolonialität von Macht (Quijano 2000) und der Kolonialität von Natur (Alimonda 2011) zum Ausgangspunkt für die Entwicklung eines Begriffs der Kolonialität von Essen. Im zweiten Teil des Beitrags erörtern wir anhand von zwei Fallstudien in Kolumbien und Kenia, inwiefern in den Alltagspraxen der Saatgutgewinnung und Zubereitung von indigenem Blattgemüse Widerstände gegen Ausbeutung im globalen Ernährungssystem liegen und Handlungsansätze für eine Transformation von Geschlechterhierarchien und den Aufbau eigenständiger Ernährungsstrukturen entfaltet werden können.
Städtische Episteme dekolonisieren
Authors: Ha Noa K.
Published: November 2023

Die Analyse der »Europäischen Stadt« verdeutlicht, wie städtische Denkweisen koloniale Rassismusstrukturen reflektieren und nach 1989 eine neokoloniale Ordnung in Europa aufrechterhalten. Dieses Konzept ist eng mit den historischen Verflechtungen des europäischen Imperialismus und Kolonialismus seit dem 15. Jahrhundert verbunden. Die Ausdehnung der Kolonialmächte über Amerika, die Karibik, Afrika, Asien und den Pazifik war von Unterdrückung, Sklaverei und Ausbeutung geprägt. Trotzdem wurde das koloniale Projekt Europas auch als Hort der Aufklärung und Demokratie dargestellt. Die Analyse der »Europäischen Stadt« zeigt, wie diese Sichtweise ein Bild »weißer Unschuld« fördert und gleichzeitig die Verantwortung für koloniale Verbrechen negiert. Selbst nach dem formalen Ende des Kolonialismus wirken Eurozentrismus und Rassismus weiterhin in westlichen Gesellschaften fort. Nach 1989 wurde Deutschland, vor allem Berlin, zu einem Ort der Auseinandersetzung mit Vergangenheit, Gegenwart und Zukunft. Die Vorstellung der »Europäischen Stadt« betonte die Bedeutung der urbanen Bürgerschaft als zentrale Kraft für soziale Demokratie. Diese Idee stammte von einer unternehmerischen städtischen Klasse. Allerdings wurde dabei vernachlässigt, die europäische Stadt im globalen Kontext unter postkolonialen Bedingungen zu betrachten. Die postkoloniale Kritik zielt darauf ab, diese epistemische koloniale Ordnung zu überwinden und koloniale Denkmuster zu durchbrechen.
El control constitucional de los recursos administrativos en Chile
Authors: Harris Moya Pedro
Published: November 2023

Mediante el método dogmático y la revisión jurisprudencial, la presente investigación tiene por objeto analizar el control constitucional de los recursos administrativos en Chile. El resultado de la investigación demuestra que el que la Constitución en Chile no integrara expresamente este control no ha impedido que el Tribunal Constitucional chileno haya verificado la constitucionalidad de las legislaciones que desarrollan tales mecanismos impugnatorios. No obstante ello, se observan diferencias significativas según se ejerzan de manera preventiva o represiva. En sede preventiva, el examen de los recursos administrativos ha sido estrictamente formal, limitándose a verificar quórums de aprobación legislativa. En sede represiva, en cambio, la revisión de estos mecanismos se ha extendido, por el carácter sustancial de los criterios aplicados.
Tenant Satisfaction, Trust, Green Image as Mediation, and Greenwashing Perception as Mediator of the Perceived Intention to Extend or Renew Rent
Authors: Solihin Felicia , Wardhana Raden Alibasya Wisnu , Tan Suharno , Furinto Asnan , Tamara Dewi
Published: November 2023

This research aimed to observe the influence of tenant satisfaction, green awareness, and trust through green image mediation, and moderation by greenwashing perception perceived intention to extend or renew rent and studied in one of the biggest shopping malls in Jakarta. The research collected data through surveys of 229 respondents who are tenants with a minimum of one year of rent at this shopping mall. Although many research projects have shown that tenant satisfaction and tenant trust have a positive influence on tenant intention to extend or renew rent, it had yet to examine the factors of green awareness, green image, and greenwashing perception combined with tenant satisfaction and tenant trust to decide to extend or renew rent. This study found that tenant satisfaction, green awareness, green image, and greenwashing perception influence tenant intention to extend or renew rent. Tenant satisfaction directly influenced tenant intention to extend or renew rent, followed by tenant trust, but does not apply to green awareness. Mediation of green image did not influence tenant intention to extend or renew rent, and greenwashing perception as a moderator on green image negatively affects tenant intention to extend or renew rent. This research contributed not only knowledge about how company management can improve the perception of tenant intention to extend or renew rent through the variables mentioned above but also aligned strategy to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in affordable clean energy, Industry-Innovation, and infrastructure, climate action, and partnerships for the goals by found the phenomenon of tenant satisfaction, green awareness, and tenant trust directly influenced green image. Ritel companies can apply the findings from this study to enhance tenant intention to extend or renew rent and be of further use for further academic research.
Important application value of injectable hydrogels loaded with omeprazole Schiff base complex in the treatment of pancreatitis
Authors: Ma Jingrong , Du Chaoqun , Zhang Yuehua , Zhan Jing , Lai Yafang , Zhao Mingwei
Published: November 2023

In this study, a novel Ho(iii) coordination complex with the chemical composition of [Ho6(acac)4L4(CH3O)6]·xCH3OH (1) has been prepared via using a polydentate Schiff base ligand N′-(2,3-dihydroxybenzylidene) picolinohydrazide (H2L) and a β-diketone (Hacac = acetylacetone) co-ligand, and then successfully loaded with drug omeprazole. Hyaluronic acid, a natural polysaccharide with good biocompatibility, was used as raw material to prepare drug carriers that can be injected into hydrogels based on chemical synthesis method. The internal microstructure of the hydrogel was observed by scanning electron microscope, which showed a good three-dimensional connected porous structure. After the synthesis of the hydrogel, the value of their application in the treatment of pancreatitis was evaluated and the related mechanisms were explored at the same time.
Rapid tooling of composite aluminium filled epoxy mould for injection moulding of polypropylene parts with small protruded features
Authors: Todmal Abhinay S. , Deshmukh Bhojraj D. , Shaikh Mohemmed Suleman Noor Mohemmed , Ahuja Bharatkumar B.
Published: November 2023

Rapid tooling evolved from rapid prototyping is a novel method for developing prototype tooling rapidly using various additive manufacturing techniques. Traditional injection moulding is unsuitable for low-volume production because of the high initial cost. This study is focused on a rapid tooling approach for producing an injection mould insert for the low-volume production of plastic components. A plastic injection mould insert is designed, developed using composite aluminium filled epoxy with minute protruded features and tested on a vertical injection moulding machine as a rapid tool for low-volume production of plastic components. The composite aluminium filled epoxy (CAFE) mould insert is prepared using a wax master from silicon rubber mould prepared using a stereolithography master. Experiments are performed to determine the optimum mixing ratio of epoxy: aluminium powder for making the composite aluminium filled epoxy injection mould. The mould insert prepared was tested for the injection of polypropylene components on a vertical injection moulding machine and analyzed for dimensional accuracy. The analysis of dimensional accuracy and viability of minute features on the injected parts shows promising results for up to 30 injected parts. The injection of parts after 30 pieces resulted in increasing mould erosion and pitting, causing mould damage at the 36th injection shot. The experimental finding supports the feasibility of using the composite aluminium filled epoxy injection mould for low-volume production of the parts; however, the surface finish is inferior. The life of the mould is expected to give better results with a higher surface finish. It is also exposed that using mould release agents improves the life of the composite aluminium-filled epoxy injection mould.
Does intestinal anastomosis in resection of colon cancer have a significant impact onto early postoperative outcome and long-term survival?
Authors: Hajduk Ellen , Meyer Frank , Otto Ronny , Croner Roland , Ridwelski Karsten
Published: November 2023

Objectives

To investigate the influence of anastomosis on the early postoperative and long-term oncological outcomes of patients with primary colon carcinoma (CA).

Methods

All consecutive patients with the histologically diagnosed primary colon CA (design, prospective multicenter observational study) were registered with regard to patient-, diagnostic-, tumor (Tu) finding-, and treatment-related aspects using a computer-based registry with 60 items to characterize early postoperative and long-term oncological outcome.

Results

Basic data: From 2010 to 2016, data from a total of 14,466 patients were documented (mean age, 72.8 [range, 22–96] years; sex ratio, m:f=7,696:6,770). – 717/14,466 patients (4.96 %) were included in a matched-pair analysis. The majority of these patients underwent elective surgery (n=12,620 patients; 87.2 %) regardless of whether a bowel anastomosis or an ostomy was created. In emergency surgery, a bowel anastomosis was possible in a large proportion (n=1,332 patients [72.1 %]). In contrast, in 514 patients (27.9 %) who underwent emergency surgery, an ostomy was created. Interestingly, ostomy had to be created even less frequently in patients who had undergone planned surgery (n=366 [2.5 %]). – Early postoperative outcome: Cases of postoperative mortality were mainly due to general complications. Especially among the patients treated in an emergency situation without intestinal anastomosis, a high proportion died of their pre-existing condition (17.0 %). Patients who underwent ostomy creation or emergency surgery had a worse risk profile (incl. arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and secondary cardiac or renal diseases) which led to the decision to operate without anastomosis. Furthermore, data show no matter which technique had been used, patients that had undergone surgical intervention without anastomosis were more likely to develop complications. – Long-term oncosurgical outcome: The most important factors influencing long-term survival were age, resection status, and tumor stage (according to TNM and UICC). The more advanced the tumor growth, the lower the long-term survival. Patients categorized with the same tumor stage, age, and risk factors had a better chance of survival, if they underwent elective surgical intervention and with intestinal anastomosis. Interestingly, the multivariable analysis showed that older patients and such with distant metastasis benefit from a discontinuity resection.

Conclusions

The association of intraoperative and postoperative complications with increased postoperative mortality, as well as preexisting risk factors and perioperative complications is in line with findings of current studies. Furthermore, current studies also agree that older patients and such with reduced general condition benefit from discontinuity resection.
What’s the News About Bad News? A Review of Bad News Games as a Tool to Teach Media Literacy
Authors: Barabas Rebecca
Published: November 2023

This paper examines theBad Newsseries of games, created by the Cambridge University Social Decision Making Lab and DROG Group, as an educational tool. More specifically, it considersBad Newsas a persuasive game, within the umbrella of gamification. After considering the history and context of the game, the educational, motivational, and informational theoretical frameworks of the games, research, and criticisms, this paper concludes that the games are not, in themselves, transformative.
Crystal structure of dicarbonyl[N,N′-(1,2-dimethyl-1,2-ethanediylidene)bis[2,6-bis(1-methylethyl)benzenamine]-N,N′]nickel(0), C30H40N2NiO2
Authors: Shen Lingyi , Xu Na , Jiang Mengna , Zhao Jiang , Xu Xiaoling , Yang Xian-Jiong , Zhang Qi-Long
Published: November 2023

C30H40N2NiO2, orthorhombic, Pnma (no. 62), a = 12.8114(19) Å, b = 21.301(3) Å, c = 10.6536(16) Å, V = 2907.3(8) Å3, Z = 4, R
gt(F) = 0.0290, wR
ref(F
2) = 0.0808, T = 273(2) K.
Between Loyalty and Opposition
Authors: Bondarenko Oleksiy
Published: November 2023

This article analyzes intra-party dynamics and the transformation of the role of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation (KPRF) within the Russian political system. Although the party is considered to be a member of the so-called “loyal” opposition, the increasing volatility of the party system and growing political instability have implications for future relations between the KPRF and the regime. The article argues that despite the organizational strength and demonstrated loyalty to the regime, the party is currently affected by the problem of “dual commitment,” epitomized by a growing center-regions cleavage and ideological incoherence. These two vectors of internal divide are shaped by the context emerging from different intra-system trends and by demographic trends affecting the interaction between the leadership and the rank-and-file of the KPRF. While in the wake of some surprising results from the 2021 legislative elections, the party still seems committed to demonstrating loyalty to the regime; in the long run, the growing intra-party cleavage is likely to affect the role of the KPRF within the party system, opening a new window of opportunity for opposition politics in Russian regions.
MICa/b‐dependent activation of natural killer cells by CD64+ inflammatory type 2 dendritic cells contributes to autoimmunity
Authors: Sánchez‐Cerrillo Ildefonso , Calzada‐Fraile Diego , Triguero‐Martínez Ana , Calvet‐Mirabent Marta , Popova Olga , Delgado‐Arévalo Cristina , Valdivia‐Mazeyra Mariel , Ramírez‐Huesca Marta , de Luis Enrique Vázquez , Benguría Alberto , Aceña‐Gonzalo Teresa , Moreno‐Vellisca Roberto , de Llano Magdalena Adrados , de la Fuente Hortensia , Tsukalov Ilya , Delgado‐Wicke Pablo , Fernández‐Ruiz Elena , Roy‐Vallejo Emilia , Tejedor‐Lázaro Reyes , Ramiro Almudena , Iborra Salvador , Sánchez‐Madrid Francisco , Dopazo Ana , Álvaro Isidoro González , Castañeda Santos , Martin‐Gayo Enrique
Published: November 2023

Primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) is an inflammatory autoimmune disorder largely mediated by type I and II interferon (IFN). The potential contribution of innate immune cells, such as natural killer (NK) cells and dendritic cells (DC), to the pSS pathology remains understudied. Here, we identified an enriched CD16+ CD56hi NK cell subset associated with higher cytotoxic function, as well as elevated proportions of inflammatory CD64+ conventional dendritic cell (cDC2) subtype that expresses increased levels of MICa/b, the ligand for the activating receptor NKG2D, in pSS individuals. Circulating cDC2 from pSS patients efficiently induced activation of cytotoxic NK cells ex vivo and were found in proximity to CD56+ NK cells in salivary glands (SG) from pSS patients. Interestingly, transcriptional activation of IFN signatures associated with the RIG‐I/DDX60 pathway, IFN I receptor, and its target genes regulate the expression of NKG2D ligands on cDC2 from pSS patients. Finally, increased proportions of CD64hi RAE‐1+ cDC2 and NKG2D+CD11b+CD27+ NK cells were present in vivo in the SG after poly I:C injection. Our study provides novel insight into the contribution and interplay of NK and cDC2 in pSS pathology and identifies new potential therapy targets.
Unbiased assessment of genome integrity and purging of adverse outcomes at the target locus upon editing of CD4+ T‐cells for the treatment of Hyper IgM1
Authors: Canarutto Daniele , Asperti Claudia , Vavassori Valentina , Porcellini Simona , Rovelli Elisabetta , Paulis Marianna , Ferrari Samuele , Varesi Angelica , Fiumara Martina , Jacob Aurelien , Sergi Sergi Lucia , Visigalli Ilaria , Ferrua Francesca , González‐Granado Luis Ignacio , Lougaris Vassilios , Finocchi Andrea , Villa Anna , Radrizzani Marina , Naldini Luigi
Published: November 2023

Hyper IgM1 is an X‐linked combined immunodeficiency caused by CD40LG mutations, potentially treatable with CD4+ T‐cell gene editing with Cas9 and a “one‐size‐fits‐most” corrective template. Contrary to established gene therapies, there is limited data on the genomic alterations following long‐range gene editing, and no consensus on the relevant assays. We developed drop‐off digital PCR assays for unbiased detection of large on‐target deletions and found them at high frequency upon editing. Large deletions were also common upon editing different loci and cell types and using alternative Cas9 and template delivery methods. In CD40LG edited T cells, on‐target deletions were counter‐selected in culture and further purged by enrichment for edited cells using a selector coupled to gene correction. We then validated the sensitivity of optical genome mapping for unbiased detection of genome wide rearrangements and uncovered on‐target trapping of one or more vector copies, which do not compromise functionality, upon editing using an integrase defective lentiviral donor template. No other recurring events were detected. Edited patient cells showed faithful reconstitution of CD40LG regulated expression and function with a satisfactory safety profile. Large deletions and donor template integrations should be anticipated and accounted for when designing and testing similar gene editing strategies.
Environmentally friendly, low thermal conductivity, fire retarding, mechanically robust cellulose nanofibril aerogels and their use for early fire alarm sensors in thermally insulating sustainable building applications
Authors: Zhang Jinlong , De Hoop Cornelis F. , Wu Qinglin
Published: November 2023

As a way to reduce carbon emissions, manufacturing an environmentally friendly and biodegradable cellulose aerogel material with low thermal conductivity, excellent mechanical, and flame retarding property to replace conventional foams is of significant interest in thermally insulating building applications. Primary questions to be addressed include how to design fire retarding and mechanically robust wood derived cellulose nanofibril aerogels as alternatives of expanded polystyrene and rigid polyurethane foams; how to develop aerogel materials in industrial-level manufacturing; and whether it is possible to further develop its early fire alarm sensors with ultra-low temperature sensitive limit and long signal durability by experimental and machine learning artificial intelligence approaches for thermally insulating sustainable building applications.
Investigation of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales isolates at a tertiary laboratory in Pretoria, South Africa
Authors: Ramashia Mbudzeni , Phofa Thabiso D. , Nkawane Granny M. , Nogbou Noel-David , Bolukaoto John Y. , Nchabeleng Maphoshane , Musyoki Andrew M.
Published: November 2023

This study aimed to investigate phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales isolates (CRE) at a tertiary laboratory in South Africa. A total of 99 CRE isolates were collected between 2019 and 2021. Carbapenemase production was tested using modified carbapenem inhibitory method. Colistin susceptibility testing was performed using the ComASP™ Colistin broth microdilution method. Conventional PCR assays were conducted for detection of mcr-1 gene and common carbapenemase genes (blaVIM, blaNDM, blaIMP, blaKPC, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-48). Rep-PCR assay was conducted to determine the genetic relatedness of the study isolates. Majority of the isolates were Klebsiella pneumoniae (83%). Carbapenem resistant K. pneumoniae cluster was observed from ICU and surgical ward samples. Colistin resistance was observed in 13% (12/93) of the isolates namely, in 11 K. pneumoniae and one Enterobacter cloacae. The blaOXA-48 (65%) was the most prevalent gene detected followed by blaNDM (25%) and blaVIM (22%). Several K. pneumoniae isolates concomitantly carried multiple carbapenemase genes with one isolate carry up to 5 five genes blaVIM, blaNDM, blaOXA-48, blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-51. The mcr-1 gene was not detected in the isolates. Rep-PCR assay showed that most isolates matched cluster A (50%). The high prevalence of blaOXA-48, blaNDM and emerging colistin resistant isolates is of concern for patient management at this institution and needs close monitoring. Rep-PCR is a valuable tool in establishing infection clusters in resource-limited settings.
Corilagin attenuates airway inflammation and collagen deposition in ovalbumin-induced asthmatic mice
Authors: Jin Yan , Yi Chunhua
Published: November 2023

Objective: To investigate the effects of corilagin on inflammation and collagen deposition in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma mouse model and uncover the mechanism.
Methods: We constructed a mouse model of OVA-induced asthma. Enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assays were conducted to detect the effects of corilagin on cytokines and Immunoglobulin E (IgE) production. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to show pathological features in lung tissues. Masson trichrome assay was used to examine collagen deposition. In addition, the lung function was detected by mouse lung function apparatus. Immunoblot was used to confirm the mechanism.
Results: Corilagin alleviates OVA-induced cytokine and IgE production. In addition, corilagin alleviates OVA-induced pathological changes and collagen deposition in lung tissues. Corilagin also suppressed airway resistance and lung function in mice. Mechanically, corilagin activated the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway in lung tissues.
Conclusion: Corilagin attenuates airway inflammation and collagen deposition in OVA-induced asthmatic mice via AMPK pathway.
Clinical use of ketoprofen lysine salt: a reappraisal in adolescents with acute respiratory infections
Authors: Marseglia Gian Luigi , Ciprandi Giorgio
Published: November 2023

Upper respiratory infections are widespread, and they are mainly of viral etiology. It has to be remarked that every infection is always associated with an inflammatory response. Inflammation implicates a cascade of bothersome symptoms, including fever, pain (headache, myalgia, and arthralgia), malaise, and respiratory complaints. As a result, anti-inflammatory medications could be beneficial as they act on different pathogenetic pathways. The ketoprofen lysine salt (KLS) has a potent anti-inflammatory activity associated with effective analgesic and antipyretic effects and has a valuable safety profile. However, adolescents present peculiar psychological characteristics that determine their difficulty to be managed. In this regard, an adolescent with a respiratory infection requires a prompt and adequate cure. KLS, thanks to its pharmacologic profile, could be favorably used in this regard. A recent primary-care experience outlined its effectiveness in this issue.
Risk of allergic rhinitis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Liu Jie , Cai Lun , Yang Rongrong , Wei Liping , Luo Huazheng , Gui Xiongbin
Published: November 2023

Background: Numerous parallels exist between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and allergic rhinitis (AR), which include risk factors (such as environmental and genetic factors), pathogenesis (immune disorders, epithelial cell barriers, etc.), and treatment (immunosuppressants and immunomodulators, such as cyclosporine and steroids). However, the risk of AR in IBD patients is unknown.
Objective: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, patients with IBD are examined for their risk of AR.
Methods: Several databases are accessible in both Chinese and English, including PubMed, BioRXiv, WanFang, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Web of Science, METSTR, and MedRxiv. Findings presented at allergy, rhinology, thoracic, and gastrointestinal conferences were analyzed. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, two evaluators independently retrieved data, read the literature, and evaluated bias risk. The data analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4. Case-control and cohort studies were eligible study designs for this research.
Results: There were 10 case-control studies and 1 cohort study included in the meta-analysis. The experimental group consisted of 65,687 IBD patients, of whom 5838 had AR. A total of 345,176 participants without IBD were included in the control group, of whom 24,625 developed AR. The outcomes demonstrated that IBD patients had a higher risk of developing AR (odds ratio [OR] = 1.48, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.12, 1.95], Z = 2.78, P = 0.005) than those without IBD.
Conclusion: The risk of AR is higher in IBD patients. Further investigation is required to determine the mechanism behind the association between AR and IBD.
Coptisine attenuates sepsis lung injury by suppressing LPS-induced lung epithelial cell inflammation and apoptosis
Authors: Huang Junjun , Ren Ke , Huang Lili
Published: November 2023

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the functioning and mechanism of coptisine in acute lung injury (ALI).
Methods: Murine Lung Epithelial 12 (MLE-12) cells were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to construct an in vitro pulmonary injury model to study the functioning of coptisine in sepsis-induced ALI. The viability of MLE-12 cells was assessed by the cell counting kit-8 assay. The cytokine release of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), and IL-1β was measured by enzyme-linked-immunosorbent serologic assay. The relative expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β mRNA were examined by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The cell apoptosis of MLE-12 cells was determined by Annexin V/propidium iodide staining and analyzed by flow cytometry. The expressions of apoptosis-related proteins Bax and cleaved Caspase-3 were observed by Western blot analysis. The activation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway was discovered by the determination of phospho-p65, p65, phospho-nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor alpha (IκBα), and IκBα through Western blot analysis.
Results: Coptisine treatment could significantly restore decrease in MLE-12 cell viability caused by LPS stimulation. The release of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β was significantly inhibited by coptisine treatment. Coptisine treatment inhibited MLE-12 cell apoptosis induced by LPS, and also inhibited the expression levels of Bax and cleaved Caspase-3. Coptisine treatment along with LPS stimulation, significantly reduced the protein level of phospho-IκBα, increased the level of IκBα, and reduced phospho-p65–p65 ratio.
Conclusion: These results indicated that coptisine attenuated sepsis lung injury by suppressing lung epithelial cell inflammation and apoptosis through NF-κB pathway. Therefore, coptisine may have potential to treat sepsis-induced ALI.
Paternity and Child Welfare
Authors: Alam Nafees
Published: November 2023

This theoretical and conceptual analysis, rooted and organized by frameworks and empirical literature, aims to explain biases against fathers in the United States’ family court system. Positive paternal involvement has been shown to be correlated with positive child outcomes, placing an emphasis not just on quantity, but quality as well. Despite these findings, fathers are societally expected to be less involved than mothers. Fathers are also in positions to be held financially hostage even when alternatives to pregnancy are legally accessible, suggesting that paternal financial contributions are viable substitutes for paternal involvement. The court of law and the court of public opinion may be in opposition as to where we go from here.
Integration of Social Work Values and Principles in Police Work
Authors: Rhodes Dasha , Geyton Taylor , Ost Jam
Published: November 2023

Persisting social inequities and injustices were spotlighted in the United States in 2020 after the murders of Breonna Taylor and George Floyd. A particular focus on the interactions of police officers and non-violent community members rallied a call to reallocate funds to social services better equipped to handle such situations, aptly named #defundthepolice. Many called for the need and placement of social workers in police agencies to curtail the negative interactions witnessed between police officers and communities of color, specifically with Black Americans. Across the nation, social workers are not always employed or readily available in police organizations. Therefore, instilling social work practices in police work can supplement the need for an alternate police response when resources are limited or nonexistent. This article examines the potential integration of social work values and principles as a complement to policing and delineates the identities and challenges of each profession through the lens of social identity theory. Suggestions are made to overcome the challenges by providing insight for future implications. The integration of the values and principles of social workers with the practices of police officers could promote a shift in policing toward restorative justice for community enrichment. These shifts could bring about resolution in the tumultuous relationship between communities of color and police departments across the United States and is worth consideration.