bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Syngas production by catalytic pyrolysis of rice straw over modified Ni-based catalyst
Authors: Lan Kui , Qin Zhenhua , Li Zeshan , Hu Rui , Xu Xianzhou , He Weitao , Li Jianfen
Published: November 2021

Ni-xLa/Al2O3-MgO-sawdust char catalysts were prepared by modifying the Ni/Al2O3 catalyst from two aspects of support and active components. The effect of Al2O3, MgO, sawdust char molar ratio, and La content of catalysts on syngas (H2 + CO) production in the catalytic pyrolysis of rice straw was investigated in a horizontal ﬁxed-bed quartz tube reactor. Furthermore, the stability of catalysts with the optimum catalytic performance was tested and compared with that of the Ni/Al2O3 catalysts. X-ray diffraction, X-ray ﬂuorescence, ﬁeld emission scanning electron microscopy, energy disperse X-ray, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analyses were applied to understand the physiochemical properties of the supports and catalysts. The study revealed that the supports were composed of many irregular flaky particles and thus formed many pores. Moreover, the addition of La decreased the particle size of NiAl2O4 and increased the active metal surface of the Ni/Al2O3-MgO-sawdust catalysts. When the molar ratio of Al2O3, MgO, and sawdust char was 1:1:1 and the La content was 10 wt% (dry weight basis), the catalysts presented the highest syngas concentration of 78.9 vol% and the most stable performance during the catalytic pyrolysis process.
Torticollis
Authors: Jacob Thomas
Published: November 2021

Key Points

Congenital muscular torticollis is the most common cause of torticollis in the infant and young child.Craniofacial asymmetry is usually a key distinguishing feature between congenital and acquired torticollis.Ultrasound is the imaging modality of choice for initial evaluation.Manual stretching, caregiver education, and environmental modifications represent the primary initial treatments in infants and young children. Referral for surgical evaluation should be considered if torticollis persists beyond 12 months of age, there is severe deformity, or there are radiographic abnormalities of the cervical spine.
Cerebral Palsy
Authors: Duan Susan
Published: November 2021

Key Points

Cerebral palsy describes a group of disorders affecting movement, balance, and posture that are caused by a variety of static conditions affecting the brain.Occurs in about 2 in 1,000 live births annually; major risk factor is preterm birth.Diagnosis is often made between 12 and 24 months of age based on a combination of history/risk factors, abnormal muscle tone, abnormal reflexes, developmental delay, and poor feeding.Treatment is team based and will generally include a primary care physician, orthopedist, physical therapist, orthotist, and more. Family/caregiver involvement is critical.
Anaphylaxis
Authors: Rossetti Allison
Published: November 2021

Key Points

Anaphylaxis is a systemic reaction that could be mediated by immunologic as well as non-immunologic mechanisms.Anaphylaxis can present with mild symptoms, such as facial swelling and abdominal cramping, to severe symptoms with life-threatening complications, such as respiratory distress and hemodynamic compromise.Diagnosis is clinical and laboratory evaluation is rarely required.Patient may be referred to allergist to identify the inciting or triggering agents and for immunotherapy.Mainstay of treatment is epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg/dose of the 1 mg/mL concentration with maximum dose of 0.3 mg in the prepubertal child and 0.5 mg in the adolescent given intramuscularly, and should be repeated every 5 to 15 minutes as needed.H1-receptor antagonist may be used to treat cutaneous manifestations.Steroids may be useful in patients with lower airway obstruction, asthma, rebound anaphylaxis, or severe anaphylaxis.
Temper Tantrums and Breath-Holding Spells
Authors: Adam Henry
Published: November 2021

Key Points

As preverbal expressions of frustration, anger, or fear, temper tantrums and breath-holding spells are usually benign.Temper tantrums are almost inevitable during the second through fourth years after birth and can be considered a developmentally normal behavior.Breath-holding spells can be cyanotic (usually a response to anger or frustration) or pallid (more often from fear or minor injury).Anticipatory guidance, strategies for how to respond, and reassurance are keys to management.
Depressive Symptoms
Authors: Wissow Lawrence S. , Green Cori M.
Published: November 2021

Key Points

Depressive symptoms are often but not always triggered by a loss, disappointment, or traumatic experience(s) and typically include irritability, low mood, demoralization, or a combination of these symptoms; they often also include fearfulness, poor concentration and/or school performance, low confidence, withdrawal from friends, somatic concerns, weight loss or gain, poor or excessive sleep, and impaired functioning, even in the absence of a diagnosable disorder.Depressive symptoms undisclosed to the family or clinician may be detectable by general psychosocial screening and/or specific depression screening—the latter recommended routinely by the US Preventive Services Task Force and Bright Futures for youths 12 years and older.Pediatric clinicians can meaningfully intervene, even in the absence of a diagnosis, through expressions of hope, empathy, and support to the youth and family; recognition and care of trauma-related symptoms; brief interventions derived from cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT); and referral for emergency mental health care if the youth is found to have either severe functional impairment or suicide risk.For youths diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD), pediatric clinicians can comanage care with a provider of CBT and either prescribe medication or monitor medication prescribed by a mental health specialist; evidence demonstrates that combined treatment with CBT and medication results in the largest rate of remission, although either modality alone can work at times if combined therapy is inaccessible or desired by families.
Psychiatric Emergencies in Pediatrics
Authors: Walter Heather J. , DeMaso David R.
Published: November 2021

Key Points

A youth’s mental health is highly dependent on the functioning of the family, school, and community; any disturbance in the functioning of these systems has the potential to precipitate an emergency requiring immediate mental health evaluation.Common types of psychiatric emergencies include suicidal threats or behavior; assaultive, destructive, otherwise violent behavior; and acute mental status changes (ie, intoxication, agitation, psychosis, delirium, or extreme anxiety with physical symptoms when a medical etiology has not been excluded).Circumstances warranting urgent (within 48–72 hours), but not necessarily emergent, evaluation include significant exacerbation of symptoms, distress, and/or functional impairment, which may be accompanied by highly concerning contextual circumstances, and/or overwhelming caregiver distress.Exposure to trauma (eg, violence, disaster) may precipitate a spectrum of psychological effects that vary according to developmental stage and, in some circumstances, present as a psychiatric emergency.Preparation of the pediatric practice for an effective emergency response includes an office emergency protocol (equivalent to a "code") and well-established connections to community mental health specialists and emergency service providers.The pediatric clinician’s roles may includeScreening for symptoms warranting emergent or urgent assessmentGathering of data from multiple informants (as available) when a youth is identified with potentially emergent or urgent symptomsConsensus with the caregiver, other referring party, and the patient on the nature of the encountered problem, its precipitants, and optimal next stepsReferral for emergency or urgent assessment and ongoing specialty management, as indicatedFollow-up to ensure completion of the referral and to support specialty management
Effect of Statin Intensity on the Progression of Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy
Authors: Ellimuttil Tracey M , Harrison Kimberly , Rollins Allman T , Feurer Irene D , Rega Scott A , Gray Jennifer , Menachem Jonathan N
Published: November 2021

Background: In the non-transplant population, hyperlipidaemia has shifted from targeting LDL goals to statin intensity-based treatment. It is unknown whether this strategy is also beneficial in cardiac transplantation. Methods: This single-centre retrospective study evaluated the effect of statin use and intensity on time to cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) after cardiac transplantation. Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression survival methods were used to assess the association of statin intensity and median post-transplant LDL on CAV-free survival. Results: The study involved 143 adults (71% men, average follow-up of 25 ± 14 months) who underwent transplant between 2013 and 2017. Mean CAV-free survival was 47.5 months (95% CI [43.1–51.8]), with 29 patients having CAV grade 1 or greater. Median LDL was not associated with time to CAV (p=0.790). CAV-free survival did not differ between intensity groups (p=0.435). Conclusion: Given the non-statistically significant difference in time to CAV with higher intensity statins, the data suggest that advancing moderate- or high-intensity statin after cardiac transplantation may not provide additional long-term clinical benefit. Trial registration: Not applicable.
Amphibians (Amphibia, Anura and Caudata) and reptiles (Reptilia, Squamata) from the headwaters of Río Guázaro on the Caribbean versant of Veraguas province, western Panama
Authors: Lotzkat Sebastian , Wehrenberg Gerrit , Haas Marcel , Köhler Gunther
Published: November 2021

We present a list of amphibian and reptile species encountered from 16–20 July 2016 in the upper drainage of Río Guázaro, Parque Nacional Santa Fé, Veraguas, Panama. We collected 10 amphibian and 10 reptile species and observed three additional amphibian and one additional reptile species. Our collected material provides the first records from Veraguas province for the amphibians Bolitoglossa schizodactyla Wake & Brame, 1966 and Diasporus aff. quidditus (Lynch, 2001), as well as for the reptiles Basiliscus plumifrons Cope, 1876, Micrurus stewarti Barbour & Amaral, 1928, and Sibon argus (Cope, 1876). Although relatively small in species and specimen numbers, our collection represents the first documented herpetological inventory on the largely unexplored Caribbean versant of Veraguas in 50 years.
Natura Piekła
Authors: Zieja Paweł
Published: November 2021

Wiara w życie wieczne jest podstawą katolickiej doktryny. Nauka z niej płynąca wskazuje, że ostatecznym losem każdego człowieka jest Śmierć, Sąd Boży, Niebo albo Piekło. Jezus Chrystus głosił, że Królestwo Niebieskie jest przeznaczeniem wszystkich ludzi. Przez swoją mękę, śmierć i zmartwychwstanie otworzył przed nami „bramy nieba” dając każdemu człowiekowi możliwość zbawienia. Każdy człowiek obdarzony darem wolnej woli może, jednakże odrzucić Boga i Jego propozycję zbawienia, skazując się tym samym na potępienie. Stan piekła jak i również nieba jest wieczny i niezmienny. Po śmierci człowiek przechodzi bowiem w zupełnie odmienny sposób bytowania, gdzie nie ma już czasu, jest tylko wieczność. Istotą kary piekła jest brak doświadczenia Boga, brak obecności Boga, który jest wieczną miłością i dobrem. Takie oddzielenie powoduje wieczne cierpienie.
Lars Q. English, There Is No Theory of Everything. A Physics Perspective on Emergence, Springer 2017, rec.
Authors: Sadłocha Łukasz
Published: November 2021

Książka Larsa Q. Englisha składa się ze wstępu, ośmiu rozdziałów i krótkiego zakończenia. Autor ukazuje w niej jak najnowsze odkrycia fizyki zmieniają myślenie o świecie, aprobując zachodzenie emergencji. Sam będąc fizykiem, połączył wyniki otrzymywane w ramach fizyki z refleksją filozoficzną, stąd książkę tę warto polecić studentom i absolwentom kierunków ścisłych posiadających zapędy filozoficzne.
Działalność ks. Jana Czuja w parlamencie II Rzeczpospolitej w latach 1922–1935
Authors: Magiera Paweł
Published: November 2021

W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono działalność parlamentarną ks. Jana Czuja jako posła na Sejm RP w latach 1922–1935 z ramienia Polskiego Stronnictwa Katolicko-Ludowego. Skupiono się głównie na omówieniu poszczególnych form jego aktywności na forum izby, przejawiającej się w przemówieniach sejmowych oraz składaniu podpisu pod wnioskami poselskimi i interpelacjami. Opierając się na analizie źródeł parlamentarnych w postaci sprawozdań stenograficznych z posiedzeń sejmu, druków sejmowych i tekstów interpelacji, przybliżono zakres tematów i zagadnień, wokół których ogniskowała się aktywność parlamentarna ks. J. Czuja. Oszacowano również skalę tej aktywności, co doprowadziło do konstatacji, że w trakcie swej trzynastoletniej obecności w parlamencie należał on raczej do grona posłów mało aktywnych.
Integralność moralności, kultury i godności człowieka w Gaudium et Spes Soboru Watykańskiego II
Authors: Pieja Wiesław
Published: November 2021

Celem publikacji jest ukazanie integralności moralności i kultury. Zgodność ta nie jest w pełni możliwa bez uwzględnienia koncepcji godności osoby ludzkiej. Obok koncepcji deontologicznej zostaje ukazane wielkie dobro kultury, jakim są sakramenty. Normą moralności jest godność osoby ludzkiej, która wynika z faktu stworzenia i odkupienia przez Jezusa Chrystusa i staje się dla niego norma normans, ale dotyczy także rozwoju osoby. Godność osoby ludzkiej polega na przekraczaniu świata stworzonego, posiadaniu duszy nieśmiertelnej, korzystaniu z władz rozumu, zdobywaniu prawdy, słuchaniu głosu sumienia. Godność osoby ludzkiej zostaje pogłębiona w świetle objawienia, w którym człowiek odnajduje swoje powołanie. Dobrem kultury są sakramenty i cnoty. Człowiek jako osoba daje odpowiedź na Boże wezwanie, szanując godność swoją, drugiego człowieka, wolne decyzje drugiego, jest odpowiedzialny. Gaudium et spes przytacza na końcu syntezę godności rozumu, prawdy i mądrości człowieka: „Człowiek, z racji swej godności osoby ludzkiej, uczestnicząc w Bożej myśli, góruje swym rozumem nad światem rzeczy”.
Honorackie ujęcie koncepcji wynagradzania jako walki o odzyskanie człowieka
Authors: Brandenburg Bożena
Published: November 2021

Widoczna sekularyzacja współczesnego świata skłania do odkrycia na nowo honorackiej koncepcji wynagradzania. Jest ona duchową walką chrześcijan o ludzkie dusze, w której najważniejsza jest miłość. Duchowość wynagradzania jest obecna w Kościele od początku jego istnienia. Znajduje swój wyraz w nauczaniu papieży, którzy jednoznacznie podkreślają jej doniosłe znaczenie. Jej wartość wynika ze zjednoczenia z Chrystusem – Odkupicielem człowieka. Bł. Honorat podkreśla odpowiedź miłości na miłość Boga – redamatio. Do takiej postawy prowadzi doświadczenie Bożej miłości i uznanie własnego grzechu. Wyraża się ona w ofiarniczym aspekcie życia, m.in. w szczerej intencji służenia Bogu oraz czynnej miłości Boga i bliźniego. Wzorem takiego życia jest Maryja. Szczególnym wyrazem duchowości wynagradzania jest życie konsekrowane. Zgromadzenie Córek Maryi Niepokalanej, realizując zadanie zlecone przez założyciela, włącza się w nurt duchowości wynagradzającej w ujęciu honorackim. Jako aniołowie opiekuńczy ludzi miast niepokalanki kontynuują franciszkańską misję odbudowy Kościoła.
Influence of Moral Values and Norms on the Accumulation of Social Capital – Activity of Ignacy Tokarczuk, a Bishop of the Diocese of Przemyśl
Authors: Jedynak Witold
Published: November 2021

The aim of this analytical study carried out on the basis of existing sources was to determine the correlation between the activity of Archbishop Ignacy Tokarczuk involving the reception of moral values and norms in social life and development of social capital in the Diocese of Przemyśl. Projects initiated by Abp. Tokarczuk, in which he put special emphasis on the observance of moral law, had a positive effect on social ties, the number of connections, and the increase of social trust. Belief in the predictable behaviour of cooperating partners, as well as adherence to moral values and norms shared by many individuals promoted the development of associational activity and made teamwork more dynamic. The powers of individuals joined in cooperation allowed for the more efficient execution of tasks aimed at the common good of local communities. Cooperation brought benefits to both religious and secular communities. The movement aimed at the construction of sacral architecture developed dynamically, and associational activity increased, as did the level of religiosity. The activity of anti-communist independence organizations, demanding the democratization of social life, was also stimulated. Universal moral values and norms emphasized and promoted by Tokarczuk created axiological foundations for the establishment of a civil society.
Idea korelacji między wolnością a modalnością na podstawie dzieła Roberta Grosseteste De libero arbitrio
Authors: Wierdak Damian
Published: November 2021

Artykuł prezentuje korelację pomiędzy wolnością a modalnością, która stała się przedmiotem filozoficznych badań angielskiego myśliciela, Roberta Grosseteste. Ten znakomity, choć mało znany autor scholastyczny przedstawił swoje rozważania na temat wolności na kartach traktatu De libero arbitrio. Najważniejsze inspiracje filozoficzne Grosseteste czerpał ze źródła filozofii starożytnej i średniowiecznej, zwłaszcza od Arystotelesa. Celem artykułu jest pokazanie, że dzięki wprowadzeniu pojęć atemporalnych możliwe jest zestawienie ze sobą wolności i modalności.
Kamu harcamaları ile vergi gelirleri ilişkisi: Pandemi öncesi ve sonrası için bir değerlendirme
Authors: Kamacı Ahmet , Kurt Oya
Published: November 2021

Türkiye’de pandemi öncesi kamu harcamalarındaki artışlardan dolayı bütçe açıkları yaşanmıştır. Pandemi sonrasında ise yaşanan sokağa çıkma yasakları ile beraber üretimde düşüş yaşanmış ve Haziran 2020’ye kadar vergi gelirleri düşmüştür. Ancak daha sonra vergi gelirlerinde artış yaşanmıştır. Bu dönemde artan vergi gelirlerine rağmen kamu harcamalarında da artış görüldüğünde bütçe açığı devam etmiştir.
Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, 2006:Q1-2020:Q1 dönemine ait çeyreklik veriler yardımıyla Türkiye’de kamu harcamaları ile vergi gelirleri arasındaki ilişkiyi test etmek ve kamu harcamalarıyla vergi gelirleri ilişkisi üzerine kurulan 4 hipotezden (Vergi-harcama, Harcama-vergi, Mali uyum, Kurumsal Farklılık) hangisinin Türkiye için geçerli olduğunu tespit etmektir. Çalışmada değişkenler arasında uzun dönemli eşbütünleşik bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Yapılan nedensellik testinde de, kamu harcamalarından vergi gelirlerine doğru tek yönlü nedensellik tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın sonucunda, ele alınan dönemlerde Türkiye’de harcama-vergi hipotezinin geçerli olduğu belirlenmiştir. DOLS tahmincisi sonuçlarına göre de, kamu harcamalarındaki %1’lik artış vergi gelirlerini %0,97 arttırmaktadır. Bu sonuçlara göre, bütçe açığını azaltmanın yolu, kamu harcamalarını azaltmaktır. Barro’nun çalışmasındaki gibi, bu çalışmada da vergilerdeki artışların nedeni olarak kamu harcamalarındaki artışlar görülmüştür.
Relationship between physical activity and functional capacity change in aged cohort in São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Ribeiro Maria Claudia Martins , Sañudo Adriana , Simões Eduardo J , Ramos Luiz Roberto
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT Objectives: to evaluate the relationship between leisure-time physical activity and functional capacity change among aged people. Methods: we analyzed data of an aged cohort looking for determinants of functional capacity at follow-up. Baseline data were collected between 2007 and 2008 - average follow-up of 3,5 years. A full multivariate linear regression model was built to evaluate functional capacity at the end of the follow-up, controlling for functional capacity at baseline, sociodemographic, health and behavioral characteristics and amount of leisure-time physical activity in the period. Results: final model showed functional capacity independently correlated with age (p<0.001), body mass (p=0.013) and the number of activities of daily living compromised at baseline (p<0.001). Functional capacity improved with increased physical activity but loss statistical significance after adjustments (p=0.384). Conclusions: functional capacity decreases with increased age, increased loss of functional capacity at baseline and increased body mass. Albeit a non-significant association, leisure-time physical activity appears as an important modifiable factor.
The reswitching of techniques and its epistemological implications: a deepening of criticism
Authors: HERSCOVICI ALAIN
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT This paper aims (a) to explain the mechanisms from which the problem of reswitching of techniques is formulated and (b) to analyze the implications with regard to the general architecture of neoclassical macroeconomics. I will show how these elements allow refuting the neoclassical theory of income distribution, and why they translate into structural instability. In the first part, I will explain the mechanisms that correspond to the problem of reswitching of techniques; in the second part, I will study the implications linked to the reswitching, with regard to the determinants of income distribution and the equilibrium stability.
Sraffa e as “leis dos retornos”: uma análise dos artigos de 1925-1926
Authors: PEREIRA JOSÉ MARIA DIAS
Published: November 2021

RESUMO Este artigo faz uma análise de dois textos de Sraffa publicados em 1925 e 1926, com críticas à teoria marginalista dominante, que pressupõe concorrência perfeita e retornos decrescentes. Sraffa concluiu que esse modelo só se aplica no caso de rendimentos constantes. Esses dois artigos serviram de base para que Sraffa, quase 30 anos depois, formulasse uma demolidora crítica à teoria marginalista ou subjetiva do valor ao propor um modelo de preços e distribuição da renda entre salários e lucros e que não depende da hipótese de mudanças na escala de produção ou nas proporções dos fatores.
Time trends in colorectal cancer incidence in four regions of Latin America: 1983-2012
Authors: Carvalho Thayana Calixto de , Borges Anne Karin da Mota , Koifman Rosalina Jorge , Silva Ilce Ferreira da
Published: November 2021

Abstract: This study aimed to assess time trends in colorectal cancer incidence from 1983 to 2012 in Latin America. This was an ecological time-series study whose population consisted of individuals aged 20 years or older diagnosed with colorectal cancer. Data from population-based cancer registries in Cali (Colombia), Costa Rica, Goiânia (Brazil), and Quito (Ecuador), were used for rates estimation, while time trends estimations were proceeded by the Joinpoint Regression Program. The study showed an increase in colorectal cancer incidence in men and women in Cali (2.8% and 3.2%, respectively), Costa Rica (3.1% and 2.1%, respectively), and Quito (2.6% and 1.2%, respectively), whereas in Goiânia, only women showed an increase in colorectal cancer rates (3.3%). For colon cancer, we observed an increasing trend in incidence rates in men and women in Cali (3.1% and 2.9%, respectively), Costa Rica (3.9% and 2.8%, respectively), and Quito (2.9% and 1.8%). For rectal cancer, we observed an increasing trend in incidence in men and women in Cali (2.5% and 2.6%, respectively), Costa Rica (2.2% and 1%, respectively), and Goiânia (5.5% and 4.6%, respectively), while in Quito only men showed an upward trend (2.8%). The study found increases in colorectal cancer, colon cancer, and rectal cancer in four Latin America regions. This findings reflect lifestyle, such as dietary changes, following the economic opening, and the prevalence variations of colorectal cancer risk factors by sex and between the four studied regions. Finally, the different strategies adopted by regions for colorectal cancer diagnosis and screening seem to influence the observed variation between anatomical sites.
Physicochemical Properties, Cytocompatibility and Antibiofilm Activity of a New Calcium Silicate Sealer
Authors: Zordan-Bronzel Cristiane Lopes , Tanomaru-Filho Mario , Torres Fernanda Ferrari Esteves , Chávez-Andrade Gisselle Moraima , Rodrigues Elisandra Marcia , Guerreiro-Tanomaru Juliane Maria
Published: November 2021

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the physicochemical properties, cytocompatibility and antibiofilm activity of a new calcium silicate-based endodontic sealer, Sealer Plus BC (MK Life, Brazil), in comparison with TotalFill BC Sealer (FKG Dentaire SA, Switzerland) and AH Plus (Dentsply, Germany). Setting time and flow were evaluated based on ISO 6876 standard. The pH was evaluated after different periods, and radiopacity by radiographic analysis (mmAl). Solubility (% mass loss) and volumetric change (by micro-CT) were assessed after 30 days of immersion in distilled water. Cytocompatibility was assessed by methyltetrazolium (MTT) and neutral red (NR) assays, after exposure of Saos-2 cells to the sealer extract for 24 h. An additional analysis was performed by using MTT assay after 1, 3 and 7 days of exposure of Saos-2 to the sealers 1:8 dilution extracts. Antibiofilm activity against Enterococcus faecalis and/or Candida albicans was evaluated by crystal violet assay and modified direct contact test. The physicochemical properties were analyzed using ANOVA/Tukey tests; MTT and NR data were analyzed by ANOVA and Bonferroni tests; the antimicrobial tests were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests (α=0.05). Sealer Plus BC had proper setting time, radiopacity, flow and alkalization capacity. Sealer Plus BC was significantly more soluble than AH Plus (p<0.05) and presented volumetric change similar to AH Plus and TotalFill BC (p>0.05). Sealer Plus BC presented antibiofilm activity and no cytotoxic effect. In conclusion, although Sealer Plus BC had higher solubility, this sealer showed proper physicochemical properties, cytocompatibility, and antibiofilm activity.
Psychological Perceptions and Preparedness during Novel Coronavirus Disease - 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic - A Multinational Cross-sectional Study among Healthcare Professionals
Authors: Fairozekhan Arishiya Thapasum , Mohamed Shamaz , Mohammed Faraz , Kumaresan Ramesh , Bugshan Amr Saeed Mabark , B Sudeep C. , Moidin Shakil , AlMoumen Saud Abdullah
Published: November 2021

Abstract Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused serious repercussions both physically and mentally. The crisis has laid an enormous workload on the global healthcare fraternity. This article has attempted to study the emotional and psychological status of the medical and dental fraternity across seven Asian countries (India, Malaysia, the Gulf Cooperation countries (GCC) and, others) and also deduce the degree of mental preparedness as they spearhead the war against COVID-19. A cross-sectional, descriptive online survey was carried out among potential participants from online forums and other health-related social communities. Bivariate analysis with descriptive statistics was applied to decipher the results. A total of 788 complete responses were analyzed. The response rate was 77.1%. Results revealed the perception of the Healthcare Professionals about COVID-19 and its implications in their personal and professional lives. Many categories from psychological and emotional standpoints were analyzed. Older HCPs (above 35 years) reported high levels of stress at the workplace (p = 0.002). About 43.5% of the HCPs from India reported that they have not received any specialized training on containing COVID-19 or any contagious disease. Intense emotional stress was reported by the HCPs when colleagues get infected. The medical professionals (61.7%) exhibited more work stress compared to their dental counterparts. Analyzing the psychological and emotional status of HCPs is imperative especially in this COVID-19 situation. Similar analyses are crucial to gauge the quality of our healthcare system and take necessary actions like training the workforce, revamping the infrastructure, and regulating the workflow.
O papel das diretoras de escola nas relações entre escolas públicas e famílias populares no contexto de implementação de uma política educacional
Authors: Nóbrega Junior Edson Diniz
Published: November 2021

RESUMO O presente trabalho discute o papel das diretoras de escolas na construção de relações entre escolas públicas e famílias de origem popular que vivem em uma favela da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Nossa análise levou em conta o contexto de implementação de uma política educacional proposta justamente para aproximar escolas e famílias. Com esse enfoque, queremos iluminar aspectos pouco estudados pela literatura que trata das relações escolas-famílias e da implementação de políticas educacionais. A verdade é que a atuação das diretoras junto às famílias e sua influência na criação de um clima escolar propício a contatos e interações, positivas ou não, acaba sendo negligenciado. Outra questão abordada é o reconhecimento de que o cargo de direção escolar é feminino, e, assim como nas famílias, também são as mulheres as responsáveis pela interação com as escolas, o que faz com que essas relações sejam influenciadas pelo universo das mulheres. E essa marca traz especificidades que procuramos explorar no presente trabalho. Nesse sentido, esperamos contribuir para diminuir uma lacuna no campo da pesquisa que trata das relações escolas públicas e famílias populares. Ao final, constatamos que as diretoras de escolas têm papel decisivo na construção de um clima escolar que impacta nas relações das escolas com as famílias.
Histórias e narrativas de si: memórias de docentes que atuaram numa escola rural no norte do Rio Grande do Sul (1964-1985)
Authors: Pasinato Darciel , Fritsch Rosangela
Published: November 2021

RESUMO O artigo tem por objetivo analisar as memórias de docentes rurais, que atuaram na Escola Aníbal Magni, na comunidade de Arroio Grande, no pequeno município de Selbach, localizado no norte do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, entre 1964 e 1985, em plena Ditadura Civil-Militar. A pesquisa tem a Memória como pressuposto teórico e utiliza a metodologia da História Oral. A memória assume papel decisivo, visto que, além de ser um dispositivo da História, ela é, por primazia humana, uma propriedade de preservar certas informações. Para constituir este estudo, usando a entrevista como estratégica metodológica, ouvimos dez professores que ofereceram sua história de vida envolvendo-se tanto na temática foco, memórias docentes, como também naquilo que a envolve: o próprio existir. As memórias permitem uma visibilidade ao cotidiano escolar, seus espaços e tempos, visibilizando marcas das escolas rurais no contexto da Ditadura Civil-Militar. A proporção mais colaborativa presente nas comunidades rurais é citada pelos docentes, representada pelas celebrações, festividades e relações sociais mais coletivas.
As políticas públicas de livro didático no Brasil: editais do PNLD de Biologia em questão
Authors: Pinheiro Regiane Machado de Sousa , Echalar Adda Daniela Lima Figueiredo , Queiroz José Rildo de Oliveira
Published: November 2021

RESUMO O livro didático é um recurso decorrente de um processo de múltiplas determinações e faz parte da história da Educação Brasileira. Este artigo caracteriza as políticas públicas brasileiras voltadas para o livro didático, estabelecendo relações entre os acontecimentos extraescolares ligados à política e ao mercado do livro didático e suas implicações no contexto da Biologia, enquanto disciplina escolar. Nesse contexto, buscamos compreender a lógica dos editais do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático (PNLD), em especial, de Biologia, de modo a explicar as conjunturas que demarcam o Programa. Tendo como base teórico-metodológica a lógica dialética, analisamos os PNLD de Biologia em suas relações de totalidade-particularidade com os contextos sócio-históricos da educação, por meio de análise documental e exploratória. Concluímos que o modo como é conduzida essa política pública tem favorecido a formação de oligopólios para o ensino que amplia a obtenção do lucro de grandes grupos empresariais, o que estigmatiza o livro didático como mercadoria.
Linguagem acadêmica e educação: um campo de disputas e de consolidação da hegemonia
Authors: Schlesener Anita Helena
Published: November 2021

RESUMO Este artigo retoma alguns aspectos de escritos críticos: a pergunta sobre a linguagem e seu significado político e pedagógico é importante a partir do entendimento de que a linguagem, na leitura crítica, tem uma dimensão política e metafórica e, como tal, traduzível, viabilizando a relação dos saberes entre si e destes com o real vivido. Ao mesmo tempo, por sua dimensão política, torna-se um instrumento importante de consolidação da hegemonia. A linguagem é um elemento vital neste processo e as Universidades, no seu interior e no exercício da linguagem acadêmica, têm a incumbência fundamental de nutrir o processo hegemônico por meio da atividade dos intelectuais e de sua formação para funções na estrutura produtiva, política e cultural, no sentido da preservação da ordem social. A educação torna-se mediadora no movimento de superação do horizonte ideológico dominante na medida em que possibilita o acesso ao contexto de formação, ao questionamento e renovação da linguagem.
Análise de Ensaios Não-Destrutivos para Inspeção de Tubos de Trocadores de Calor do Tipo Casco & Tubos: Campo Remoto (RFT) versus Sistema de Inspeção Rotativa Interna (IRIS)
Authors: Ferraresi Rafael Nardon , Campos Vitor Calasense de , Cicelini Gabriel , Silva Weslley Carlos Dias da , Reis Ruham Pablo , Ferraresi Valtair Antônio
Published: November 2021

Resumo: Trocadores de calor do tipo casco e tubos são amplamente utilizados em diversos setores, incluindo na indústria de óleo e gás, onde sofrem corrosão sob variadas formas. Atualmente, a inspeção não-destrutiva desses tubos é comumente realizada por Sistema de Inspeção Rotativa Interna (IRIS), técnica de ultrassom reconhecida pela identificação visual das descontinuidades, mas também pelo alto custo operacional, inclusive no quesito baixa velocidade de ensaio. Se contrapondo ao IRIS, tem-se a técnica de Campo Remoto (RFT), teste não-destrutivo baseado em campos magnéticos para indicação de descontinuidades, que vem ganhando espaço pelo menor custo operacional, principalmente relacionado à velocidade de ensaio bastante superior à do IRIS. Diante da forte dependência de interpretação por parte do inspetor e visando uma melhor compreensão de suas variáveis e efeitos, bem como de seu desempenho frente ao ensaio IRIS em diferentes tipos de descontinuidades, este trabalho visa a contribuir para o entendimento da técnica RFT e da influência de seus parâmetros de operação, especificamente frequência de excitação e velocidade de tracionamento da sonda, e efeito da placa de suporte na leitura e interpretação dos resultados. Para tanto, foram realizados ensaios RFT em tubos de aço carbono utilizados em trocadores do tipo casco e tubos com diversas frequências para os canais absoluto e diferencial da sonda. Uma melhor adequação foi verificada quando os canais são submetidos a diferentes frequências, sendo que os valores mais adequados devem ser determinados no momento do ensaio, considerando variações nos tubos, principalmente a permeabilidade magnética. Valores de velocidade de tracionamento da sonda RFT superiores a 568 mm/s dificultam a leitura das descontinuidades. Descontinuidades a menos de 115 mm de distância da placa de suporte não são detectadas pelos canais absoluto e diferencial do RFT, necessitando do canal MIX, que faz a subtração do sinal da placa. Frente ao IRIS, o ensaio RFT, apesar de não permitir intrinsicamente o dimensionamento das descontinuidades, se mostrou bem mais rápido em termos de execução da varredura e com capacidade de detecção similar.
Differentials in the epidemiological profile of canine visceral leishmaniasis in the semi-arid region of Paraíba, Brazil
Authors: Silva Raizza B.S. , Franco-Silva Laysa F. , Lima Diana A. , Fonseca Saul S. , Ferreira Marília A.S. , Silva Rafael C. , Lira Milena A.A. , Melo Marcia A.
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) and to identify the differences in associated factors to its occurrence in urban area and countrysides in the municipality of Santa Luzia located in the semi-arid region of Paraíba. In the years 2015 and 2016, 779 blood samples from dogs were collected. The prevalence was determined by three serological techniques, ELISA-S7® Kit, DPP® Rapid Test and EIE-LVC® Kit, considering positive the samples that reacted in at least two assays. Associated factors were determined by univariate and multivariate analyzes of the guardians’ responses to the epidemiological questionnaire. The prevalence of anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies in the studied municipality was 15.00% (117/779), being higher in the urban area (15.20%) than in the countryside (13.60%). The neighborhood with the highest prevalence was Frei Damião with 26.40% (33/125), being considered a hotspot (OR 1.245, p=0.007). Other associated factors were the semi-domiciliary breeding (OR 1.798, p=0.025), in the urban area, and hunting dog (OR 18.505, p=0.016), contact with cattle (OR 17.298, p=0.022) and environment where the dog is raised (OR 4.802, p=0.024) in the countryside. In the municipality of Santa Luzia, the prevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis is high and the disease is widely distributed. Epidemiological differences between urban area and the countryside could be observed demonstrating the need for more adequate control measures for each locality and proving the urbanization process.
WOOD AND CHARCOAL PRODUCTION IN THE KILN-FURNACE SYSTEM: HOW DO THE COSTS AND REVENUES VARIATION AFFECT ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY?
Authors: Schettini Bruno Leão Said , Jacovine Laércio Antônio Gonçalves , Torres Carlos Moreira Miquelino Eleto , Carneiro Angélica de Cássia Oliveira , Villanova Paulo Henrique , Rocha Samuel José Silva Soares da , Rufino Maria Paula Miranda Xavier , Castro Renato Vinícius Oliveira
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT Traditional methods of economic evaluation of wood and charcoal production projects are based on indicators analysis, however, they are subject to market variations and uncertainties. The study was carried out in the city of Lamim, Minas Gerais State, to evaluate the economic viability of wood and charcoal production using the kiln-furnace system, due to the need to know the economic viability of this new production system. Sensitivity analysis using the Monte Carlo technique was performed on costs and revenues. The wood and charcoal production cash flow was elaborated and the following criteria were used in the economic analysis: Net Present Value (NPV), Benefit-Cost Ratio (BCR), Equivalent Periodic Value (EPV), and Internal Return Rate (IRR). The wood and charcoal production sensitivity analysis was carried out using the software @RISK, according to the VPE parameter, which allows comparing projects with different durations. Wood production was economically viable, with NPV of $40.26 ha-1 and EPV of $ 16.80 ha-1, with an average production cost of $13.51 m3 wood-1. The EPV mean value found in the sensitivity analysis was $18.33 ha-1. The charcoal production was economically viable, with NPV of $4.43 mdc charcoal-1 and EPV of $3.52 mdc charcoal-1. The EPV mean value found in the sensitivity analysis was $9.80 mdc charcoal-1. It was possible to conclude that the wood and charcoal production are economically viable in the region.
EXTRACTION, QUANTIFICATION, AND FTIR CHARACTERIZATION OF BARK TANNINS OF FOUR FOREST SPECIES GROWN IN NORTHEAST BRAZIL
Authors: Marques Sarah Rebeka Rodrigues , Azevêdo Tatiane Kelly Barbosa , Castilho Aline Rogéria Freire de , Braga Renata Martins , Pimenta Alexandre Santos
Published: November 2021

ABSTRACT Condensed tannins are chemical compounds derived from the secondary metabolism of plants. They are of particular interest due to their broad range of technological uses and applications. The objective of this study was to extract, quantify, and characterize by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) the bark tannins of four forest species grown in Northeast Brazil: Acacia mangium, Azadirachta indica, Mimosa tenuiflora, and Mimosa caesalpiniifolia. Bark samples were collected from 5 trees of each species grown in a five-year-old forest stand. Samples were collected, grounded, and submitted to extraction with hot water, then measured to determine total solids content (TSC), Stiasny number (SN), and condensed tannins content (CTC). FTIR spectra were acquired from tannin samples fixed in potassium bromide pellets. Among the four species, M. tenuiflora presented the highest CTC, equal to 23.4%, and the purest crude hot-water extract with SN of 91.27%. Based on FTIR characterization, tannins from M. caesalpiniifolia, A. indica, and A. mangium barks were classified as proanthocyanidins and those from M. tenuiflora bark as prodelphinidins.
Da invisibilidade étnica à etnogênese: histórias e identidades de índios e negros em abordagem articulada e comparativa*
Authors: Almeida Maria Regina Celestino de
Published: November 2021

RESUMO Diferentes povos dos continentes americano e africano, genericamente classificados como índios e negros, reelaboraram suas culturas, identidades e redes de sociabilidade em processos de interação entre si e com outros atores nas sociedades coloniais e pós-coloniais do Brasil. Muitos deles que, por razões diversas, foram invisibilizados ou se autoinvisibilizaram no decorrer do século XIX, reaparecem hoje através de processos de etnogênese, incentivando novos estudos sobre suas trajetórias. Com foco sobre o Brasil oitocentista e algumas incursões a períodos anteriores e posteriores, pretende-se analisar as construções e os significados das imagens, discursos, silenciamentos e formas de classificação étnica e social sobre os índios e os negros, de forma comparativa e articulada às suas próprias atuações políticas e culturais que os levavam a assumir ou rejeitar as identidades a eles atribuídas.
A educação indígena nos confins da América portuguesa: projetos, esperanças e conflitos (Rio Grande do Sul, século XVIII)
Authors: Garcia Elisa Frühauf
Published: November 2021

RESUMO O artigo analisa a educação dos índios no período pombalino, com ênfase na experiência do atual estado do Rio Grande Sul. Baseado fundamentalmente em fontes primárias, discute as diferentes escalas de recepção das leis promulgadas pela Coroa portuguesa, abarcando as intenções da corte, a mediação dos vice-reis a partir do Rio de Janeiro e o poder local exercido pelas câmaras. Inclui ainda as experiências indígenas que foram potencializadas ou obstruídas de acordo com as vontades políticas vigentes. Através da análise das instituições de ensino criadas para tal fim, assim como de fragmentos de trajetórias pessoais de índios que foram enviados ao Rio de Janeiro para aprofundarem seus estudos, demonstra-se como a educação dos nativos fazia parte de um projeto colonial em constante disputa e transformação.
“Um manual que todos possam usar”: O conhecimento indígena sobre plantas medicinais do Brasil setecentista e as observações filosófico-naturais de Domingos Alves Branco Muniz Barreto
Authors: Conceição Gisele C.
Published: November 2021

RESUMO O objetivo deste artigo é compreender os processos de construção de conhecimento filosófico-natural sobre o Brasil na segunda metade do século XVIII, a partir do estudo de caso de Domingos Alves Branco Muniz Barreto e seu contato com as populações indígenas do interior da Bahia. Seguindo teorias recentes, buscamos compreender os processos de construção de conhecimento em zonas de fronteira como sendo resultantes de dinâmicas de circulação, sincretismo e reconfiguração. Relações de poder, trocas e negociações entre agentes europeus e as comunidades autóctones emergem como pontos fundamentais para a compreensão desses processos, assim como o papel da localidade e da circulação de conhecimento em um período de tempo marcado por profundas transformações políticas e epistemológicas que afetaram não só a Europa, mas também os espaços coloniais.
Realidades conectadas: as relações entre indígenas e negros na Comarca de Paranaguá, século XVIII
Authors: Portela Bruna Marina
Published: November 2021

RESUMO A integração econômica tardia da região sul da América portuguesa ao restante da colônia, quando comparada a outras regiões como o Nordeste, fez com que o processo de transição do uso da mão de obra indígena para a africana e afrodescendente nessa região se consolidasse somente na segunda metade do século XVIII. Durante os anos iniciais de 1700, os indígenas ainda eram maioria no trabalho forçado, acompanhados de alguns poucos escravizados de origem africana. Conforme os anos avançavam, os indígenas e seus descendentes se distanciavam mais do status de escravos, papel que passou a ser então majoritariamente ocupado por africanos e afrodescendentes. O que se propõe nesse artigo é, por um lado, a análise dos distanciamentos e diferenças sociais existentes entre negros e indígenas e, por outro, as relações interdependentes mantidas entre os dois grupos. A análise será feita a partir de fontes judiciais referentes à Comarca de Paranaguá, pertencente à Capitania de São Paulo durante o século XVIII.
A encruzilhada “Xaclan”: Afonso Botelho e os Kaingang nos sertões do Paraná (século XVIII)
Authors: Weigert Daniele
Published: November 2021

RESUMO Este artigo aborda a expedição realizada por Afonso Botelho de Sampaio e Souza, que adentrou territórios indígenas no século XVIII. A expedição de Botelho se deu no contexto das reformas pombalinas, momento em que a Coroa Portuguesa tentava implementar novas diretrizes para as políticas indigenistas, buscando angariar entre os nativos novos súditos nos sertões, a fim de garantir o domínio sobre os territórios coloniais em disputa. Nesse contexto, Botelho percorreu os territórios dos chamados Campos de Guarapuava, no terceiro planalto paranaense, entrando em contato com grupos nativos de origem Jê, denominados desde o século XIX de Kaingang. Por meio de três relatórios da expedição e uma parte da iconografia produzida, buscaram-se indícios referentes à territorialidade e à liderança indígena, captando elementos da cultura Kaingang presentes na organização dos espaços e que influíram no encontro com os exploradores estrangeiros.
Os índios vereadores, a câmara de Messejana e a formação do Estado nacional brasileiro no Ceará
Authors: Costa João Paulo Peixoto
Published: November 2021

RESUMO Este artigo analisa a cultura política dos vereadores indígenas da vila de índios de Messejana e sua relação com a câmara municipal durante a formação do Estado brasileiro no Ceará. Essas lideranças atuaram no senado da vila desde a promulgação do Diretório dos Índios no século XVIII, mas suas prerrogativas foram usurpadas em nome da cidadania prevista na Constituição de 1824. Priorizando a produção documental da câmara municipal de Messejana, o artigo analisa os posicionamentos indígenas durante a voga liberal e como se processou a degradação de seus direitos com a formação do Estado nacional brasileiro.
BLINDAGEM EXTERNA, CONTROLES DE CAPITAL E INSERÇÃO DIFERENCIADA DA ÁSIA E DA AMÉRICA LATINA NA GLOBALIZAÇÃO FINANCEIRA (1995-2016)
Authors: Oliveira Giuliano Contento de , Wolf Paulo José Whitaker , Angelico Diego Garcia , Laplane Ezequiel Greco
Published: November 2021

RESUMO Este artigo analisa a inserção diferenciada das economias asiáticas e latino-americanas na globalização financeira entre 1995 e 2016, destacando a relação entre o saldo em transações correntes do balanço de pagamentos e o uso de controles de capitais. Argumenta-se que, no contexto da globalização financeira, a constituição de blindagem externa e o uso de controles de capitais são fundamentais para manter a taxa de câmbio real em um nível competitivo. Evidências dos seis maiores países da América Latina e dos Tigres Asiáticos e China (excluindo Taiwan) apontam que os países que lograram constituir blindagem externa, ou seja, com elevados e persistentes superávits em transações correntes do balanço de pagamentos mediante produção e exportação de produtos de alto valor agregado, foram menos dependentes de entradas de capital internacional mais voláteis, bem como mais capazes de usar controles de capital mais elevados e estáveis ao longo do tempo, e de manter a taxa de câmbio real em um nível competitivo.