bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BIOMONITORING PENCEMARAN UDARA MENGGUNAKAN BIOINDIKATOR LICHENES DI KOTA MADIUN
Authors: Ihrom Anikhotul , Sulistyarsi Ani
Published: February 2018

Bioindicators can be used to determine levels of air pollution of an area by analyzing the content of pollutants lead in bioindicators. Lichenes growing on the bark as bioindicators for measuring the concentration of lead in air pollutants resulting from motor vehicle emissions. The aim of research to determine differences in the levels of lead (Pb) using bioindicators Lichenes Madiun. Samples were taken by random sampling technique. Pb content measurement using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The results showed Pb levels in different areas of the City of Madiun there are significant differences. Traffic levels affect the levels of Pb .
MODEL GROUP INVESTIGATION (GI) DIPADU PROBLEM BASED LEARNING (PBL) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN BEKERJA ILMIAH DAN KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF SISWA KELAS X-A1 SMAN 2 MALANG
Authors: Prasmala Erfitra Rezqi
Published: February 2018

The purpose of this study to improve (1) the skills of scientific work, (2) the cognitive abilities of students of class X-A1 at SMAN 2 Malang through the application of models Group Investigation (GI) combined with the Problem Based Learning (PBL). Type of research is Action Research Action (PTK) with research subjects-A1 class X SMAN 2 Malang. Data collected by the research instrument consisting of a sheet of observation skills of scientific work, scientific work reports, students' cognitive abilities tests, field notes and enforceability of teacher learning, and qualitatively analyzed descriptively. Results of the study are: (1) Model Group Investigation (GI) combined Problem Based Learning (PBL) improve the skills of scientific work class X-A1 at SMAN 2 Malang, (2) Model Group Investigation (GI) combined Problem Based Learning (PBL) improve the cognitive abilities of X-A1 grade students at SMAN 2 Malang. Based on the discussion of the proposed suggestions in this study were: (1) application of the combined GI
model of PBL, can not be carried out independently entirely by students, (2) the need for time management as effectively as possible, to avoid the addition of excess time.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI EFEKTIVITAS PELATIHAN PERIKANAN BUDIDAYA: STUDI KASUS DI WILAYAH KERJA BALAI DIKLAT PERIKANAN BANYUWANGI
Authors: Madyunin Madyunin
Published: February 2018

One of the solutions to pursue lack of the aquaculture technology is to provide a training program for fish farmer.This research was used using the analysis of factors affecting the training effectiveness. Objective of the research were to measure the causality relations of the training equipment factor, the quality of the participants and the material, the provision of the training methods, and the quality of the trainers toward the effectiveness of training program. Object of
the research was the Purnawidya of aquaculture training in the Banyuwangi Training Center which spread out in 3 provinces with over 105 participated. Data were analyzed by using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results shows that equipments have a positive significant impact toward the effectiveness of the training and the efficiency of the aquaculture performance. The quality of the training and the material, the methods, and the quality of the trainers not
significant impacted the of effectiveness of the training program. The result recommends that the Banyuwangi Training Center need to improve the criteria for selecting the participants, the quality of the materials, and to improve the quality of the trainers.
PENGARUH LAMA PENGGUNAAN MULSA DAN DOSIS PUPUK KANDANG TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN CABAI (Capsilum Annum) SEBAGAI BAHAN PENYUSUN PETUNJUK PRAKTIKUM BIOLOGI KELAS XII SMA NEGERI 1 BARAT
Authors: Aripin Zainal
Published: February 2018

Learning biology is one area of Natural Sciences (IPA) which is integral with practical  activities. The lab activities are very important in understanding science concepts. One material that requires practical learning activities more meaningful so that the material of plant growth and development of class XII Science. It would require new innovation in the development lab manual. This study aims to make research the effect of duration of use and dose of manure mulch
on plant growth chili as the building blocks lab manual.This research was conducted using a "Research and Development" (Research and Development). At this stage of research using Grid Design Divided (RPT) which uses two treatments, use of mulch and manure dose use with penggulangan 3 times, while in the Development stage using the results of research into practical instructions were validated by various experts. Based on the results of research and development,
we can conclude several things: study the effect of long use of mulch and a dose of manure on the growth of chili can be used as the building blocks of manual lab work with Highlights Growth and Development Plant class XII Science developed in this study expressed very valid, based validation results from two experts namely materials experts and media specialists, with a 88% value validation.
KURIKULUM 2013 SEBAGAI PERWUJUDAN DINAMIKA KONSTRUKTIF YANG BERKARAKTER
Authors: Abidinsyah Abidinsyah
Published: February 2018

Constructive dynamics of the curriculum in 2013 became part integrated with changes and developments in the national education curriculum. Through the structure and the basic framework of a scientific approach to a more humane, is expected to print competent future generations to meet the challenges of a more competitive future. Outputs being targeted is the inability of students to think
logically, systematically, and creative, as well as the character in order to counteract the aberrant behavior. The improvement of the curriculum implementation shortfall in 2013 is expected to bring direction and national education goals more clear and focused.
PENGGUNAAN ANALISIS KRITIS UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN METAKOGNITIF PADA POKOK BAHASAN PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN SISWA SMP
Authors: Lukitasari Marheny , Widiyanto Joko , Yahya Yenisha Maidha
Published: February 2018

This aims to determine the use of critical analysis to improve metacognitive skills of students of SMP Negeri 2 Karangrejo on Topic Environmental Management. This research is a qualitative descriptive study is to describe the data obtained by identifying metacognitive skills of students through the use of critical analysis. This research was done in SMPN 2 Karangrejo class VII semester 2015. Researchers used 26 students as respondents and one expert as an observer. Data collection techniques is data metacognitive skills based on critical analysis of the workmanship scores of students, which is interpreted in the assessment of the level of metacognitive skills. The data analysis technique used is descriptive qualitative. Results of the study are: (1) the use of critical analysis showed an increase in metacognitive abilities of students seen from the averagevalue of critical analysis in the first meeting and the second meeting, namely 50.09 and 66.13 (2) the observation of the quality of the implementation of learning have criteria " very good "seen from the average of the two meetings by an average score of 4.5 and a percentage of 91%.

 
PENERAPAN METODE ROLE PLAYING DENGAN MEDIA ORKAS (ORGAN KORAN BEKAS) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRESTASI BELAJAR BIOLOGI SISWA KELAS XI IPA MADRASAH MA’ARIF AL-FALAH
Authors: Utami Sri , Wijianti Indah , Ardhi Muh. Waskito
Published: February 2018

This study aims to determine the application of methods Role Playing with “Orkas (Organ KoranBekas)” can improve learning achievement of XI IPA Biology class in Madrasah Maarif Al-Falah. The research was conducted in Madrasah Maarif AL-Falah district of Ngrayun Ponorogo. The subjects were
students of class XI second half of Al-Falah Madrasah Maarif District of Ngrayun Ponorogo school year 2014/2015 the number of students 16 children. The study consisted of two cycles, each cycle consisting of four phases: planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The results showed an increase in
learning achievement. Student achievement can be seen in the first cycle of 74.75, while the second cycle of 79.43 increased by 4.68. Additionally methods and media Orkas Role Playing (Organ newspaper Used) can improve the quality of the learning process. This is evident from the increasing every aspect of
students' courage and precision in playing its role 50% (18.75% to 68.75%). Cooperation of students in the group increased by 50% (25% to 75%). Attitude and cooperation skills of students in the group during the role play increased 37.5% (31.25% to 68.75%). And courage of students in expressing
responses or opinions and experience after playing the role of increased 37.5% (31.25% to 68.75%). It can be concluded that the use of Role Playing methods and media Orkas Organ Koran Bekas/Organs From Newspaper) can increase student achievement grade XI Madrasah Maarif Al-Falah.

 
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN SARI KULIT NANAS (Ananas comosus (L) Merr) TERHADAP JUMLAH KOLONI BAKTERI PADA IKAN BANDENG (Chanos chanos F.)
Authors: Berlian Zainal , Aini Fitratul , Yunita Melda
Published: February 2018

Pineapple rind (Anana chomosus (L) Merr) is household waste has not been used optimally. Rind the  pineapple contains bromelain enzymes, citric acid and phenols, to inhibit bacterial growth. The research objective test ativitas antibacterial (Ananas chomosus (L) Merr) to fish. The study design used a completely randomized design (CRD), the treatment of P0 (0%), P1 (12.5%), P2 (25%), P3 (50%) and P4 (100%). Results of analysis of variance (ANOVA), the concentration extract pineapple rind (Anana chomosus (L) Merr) gives significant differences (p> 0.01) to the number of bacterial colonies, where Fh > Ft. The results showed pineapple rind (Anana chomosus (L) Merr) has antibacterial activity
PENGARUH VARIASI KONSENTRASI DAN LAMA PERENDAMAN ASAM LAKTA TERHADAP KANDUNGAN GLUKOSA DAN KUALITAS TEPUNG GANYONG (Canna Edualis Kerr ) SEBAGAI PETUNJUK PRAKTIKUM BIOKIMIA
Authors: Desanti Erika Ayu , Kiswardianta R. Bekti , Hidayati Nasrul Rofiah
Published: February 2018

This study aims to investigate the influence of concentration and soaking time of lactic acid toward
glucose and quality of canna’s starch (Canna Edualis Kerr). The research method using a completely
randomized design (CRD) with 3x3x3 factorial and three replications. The repetition are K1L1, K1L2,
K1L3, K2L1, K2L2, K2L3, K3L1, K3L2, first K3L3. The first factors is variations of concentration (K)
include 1%, 1.5%, 2%, the second factor is soaking time (L), there are 60 minutes, 90 minutes, 120
minutes. Collecting data by calculating the glucose level using titration method with Na. Organoleptic
tests include color, odor, texture and level of preference to the 15 panelists using a closed questionnaire.
Best organoleptic test are K3L3 treatment (2% of lactic acid concentration with 120 minutes soaking
time) with a total value of 82.5 while the lowest are K3L1 treatment (2% of concentration with a 60
minutes of soaking time) with 48.5 of values. Data analysis shows the variation of concentration affect on
glucose levels (P = 0.000 <0.05). Soaking time affect on glucose levels (P = 0.000 <0.05) .There are any
interaction effect of concentration and soaking time on glucose levels. Based on the results showed that
the highest glucose levels found in K1LI treatment with 1% of lactic acid concentration and 60 minutes of
soaking time. As for the glucose concentration was lowest for K3L3 treatment with 3% of lactic acid
concentration and 120 minutes of soaking time. The results of this study are used as material preparation
Biochemistry lab manual.

 
PEMBELAJARAN BIOLOGI DENGAN GUIDED INQUIRY MODEL DAPAT MENINGKATKAN KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Sukimarwati Juli
Published: February 2018

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk  mengetahui pengaruh pembelajaran biologi dengan Guided Inquiry Model terhadap peningkatan keterampilan proses sains dan prestasi belajar siswa. Subyek penelitian adalah kelas XI IPA3 SMAN 6 Madiun  yang berjumlah 34 siswa.  Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam 3 (tiga) siklus.  Setiap siklus meliputi empat tahap yaitu: 1). Perencanaan, 2) Pelaksanaan Tindakan, 3) Observasi, 4) Refleksi. Data didapat dari hasil observasi keterampilan proses sains, dan nilai prestasi belajar siswa berdasarkan Post tes dan Ulangan harian. Uji coba soal Ulangan harian telah dilakukan untuk mengetahui validitas, tingkat kesulitan, dan daya beda soal. Teknik analisa yang digunakan adalah analisa deskriptif yang meliputi: 1) Deskripsi data, 2) Pembahasan, dan 3) Kesimpulan
SKRINING SENYAWA METABOLIT SEKUNDER EKSTRAK RUMPUT MUTIARA (Hedyotis Corymbosa (L.) Lamk.) DENGAN METODE GC-MS
Authors: Wijayanti Titik
Published: February 2018

ABSTRAK
                Penelitian dilaksanakan bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi potensi senyawa metabolit sekunder tanaman rumput mutiara (Hedyotis corymbosa (L.) Lamk.) dalam bentuk esktrak. Penelitian ini diharapkan memberikan informasi yang lebih lengkap terhadap potensi penggunaan tanaman tersebut sebagai obat tradisional. Identifikasi komponen senyawa metabolit sekunder dilakukan dengan metode Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometri (GCMS). Hasil GCMS menunjukkan terdapat 20 senyawa yang terindetifikasi yang berasal dari golongan flavanol, monoterpena, triterpena, sikloterpena, seskuiterpena, fenolat, asam organik, flavon. Senyawa yang teridentitfikasi adalah: catechol, camphene, limonene, myrcene, pinene, camphor, cineole, geraniol, citronellol, gallic acid,   ascorbic acid,  β caryophyllene, β elemene, β farnesene, β selinene, apigenin, kaempferol, luteolin, catechin, betulinic acid. Beberapa fungsi penting senyawa-senyawa tersebut diantaranya adalah antioksidan, antibakteri, anti inflamasi, anti kanker, anti tumor, anti leukimia, hepatoprotektor, anti alergi, ekspektoran, hipoglikemia, hipokolesterol, antitusif, analgesik, kemo protektor.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN METODE ROLE PLAYING TERHADAP MINAT BELAJAR SISWA KELAS X PADA MATERI VIRUS DI SMA AZHARYAH PALEMBANG
Authors: Munir Munir , Fatiqin Awalul , Kendi Ira
Published: February 2018

A learning activity that did not correspond with the interest will generated unfavorable achievement. It can be said that with appropriate learning methods can lead to student interst. In learning process we need to caused a learning interest to the students. But in the real class a lot of teachers finds obtacles, because the lack of variations in learning method. Therefore the formulation of the problems is there any affection towards the use of role playing method in student learning interest on tenth grade student of SMA Azharyah palembang, this study aims to determine the effect of the use of the role playing towards the student learning interest of class X on virus material in SMA Azharyah Palembang . this research was done in august until semptember 2016 in SMA Azharyah Palembang. The population of this research was all of X student class of SMA Azharyah Palembang which is divided inti 2 classes and 30 students in average. X1 as a experiment class and X2 as a control class, sampling was done by used sampling jenuh technique. The research was used quantitative research method. The design was used in this research is true experimental design in form of posstest-only control design. To se the interest in students learning is done by using questionnaires and observation sheets. And to measure the effect of role playing method to student learning interst is using t-test. The result show that the learning interst in experiment class in high category was 33%, medium 47% and low 20%. Meanwhile in control class in high category was 20%, medium 50% and low 30% this shows that the experimental class student learning interest is higher compared to the control class. Furthermore there is an influence on students learning interest. Obtained t hitung = 11,75 then compared with t table= 1,671. So the result showed  that t hitung > t table. Thus Ha accepted.
KEMAMPUAN PEMBENTUKAN SLIME PADA Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA DAN Escherichia coli
Authors: Purbowati Rini
Published: February 2018

Biofilm merupakan komunitas bakteri yang terorganisasi, terakumulasi dalam metriks polimer (EPS) atau disebut juga slime yang diproduksi oleh bakteri itu sendiri dan mampu melekat pada permukaan hidup maupun tak hidup. Infeksi yang disertai dengan pembentukan biofilm sulit ditangani secara efektif oleh sistem kekebalan tubuh inang dan tahan terhadap pengobatan dengan antimikroba. S. aureus bersama dengan S. epidermidis merupakan agen penyebab infeksi antara lain infeksi implan medis dan infeksi nosokomial di seluruh dunia. Patogenesis infeksi S. epidermidis terkait dengan pembentukan biofilm. Patogenesis S. aureus disebabkan oleh efek gabungan dari faktor ekstraselular dan toksin, bersama dengan sifat invasif strain seperti perlekatan, pembentukan biofilm, dan ketahanan terhadap fagositosis. Metode Congo Red Agar (CRA) sebagai metode fenotipik yang cukup murah dan mudah dengan kriteria evaluasi didasarkan pada analisis visual warna koloni yang tumbuh pada media agar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan menganalisa kemampuan pembentukan slime pada isolat Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA dan E. coli. Uji pembentukan slime bakteri dengan Metode CRA dilakukan dengan menanam isolat bakteri S. epidermidis, S. aureus (MSSA 1 dan MSSA 2), MRSA 1 dan E. coli (S4 dan S55) yang  telah diremajakan ke media CRA dalam cawan petri dengan metode streak 4 area. Menginkubasi selama 24 jam pada suhu 37° C pada kondisi aerobik. Interpretasi hasil menurut ketentuan sebagai berikut: strain menghasilkan koloni warna hitam pekat, hitam, dan hitam kemerahan dianggap memproduksi slime, sedangkan koloni merah dan kemerahan diklasifikasikan sebagai tidak memproduksi slime. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah isolat bakteri S. epidermidis, S. aureus dan MRSA dengan metode CRA (Congo Red Agar) diketahui mampu membentuk slime sedangkan isolat bakteri E. coli menunjukkan hasil yang bervariasi.
PERBANDINGAN KEMAMPUAN EKSTRAK KULIT PISANG AGUNG SEMERU DAN PISANG MAS KIRANA VARIETAS LUMAJANG DALAM MENGHAMBAT PERTUMBUHAN Candida albicans
Authors: Rikhmasari Dwi Nur
Published: February 2018

 

Agung Semeru banana and Mas Kirana, is one of the typical banana varieties found in Lumajang Regency. Where on the banana peel extraction contain various antifungi compounds. The purpose of this research is to know the difference of banana extract of Agung Semeru and banana Mas Kirana varieties of lumajang, in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic fungi Candida albicans, and to know the optimal concentration which can inhibit the growth of Candida albicans. The method used was Completely Random Design (RAL) with four of factors, that is: 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 %. The results were analyzed with Anova test and Duncan test multiple ranger test at the level of 5%. Each treatment was repeated three times. The results show that there is an effect of giving extract of Semeru banana peel (sig = 0,00) and banana Mas Kirana (sig = 0,00) to Candida albicans growth at various concentration (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%). For extract of Semeru banana peel at concentration 75% (3,19  ± 0,84 mm) showed better result from other concentration, while for banana Mas Kirana Lumajang peel extract, at concentration 50% (2,44 ± 0,0 mm) showed better result than treatment other. Ability of antifungal activity of Agung Semeru banana peel extract better than banana Mas Kirana.

 
A (Des)Obrigação de Informação da Condição de Transexual ao Futuro Conjuge ou Companheiro
Authors: Bedin Barbara
Published: February 2018

O artigo trata à luz dos Direitos Humanos e Fundamentais e da Constituição Federal brasileira, a defesa do direito à intimidade do transexual sendo uma opção pessoal revelar sua condição ao futuro cônjuge ou companheiro. Através da técnica de pesquisa documental e bibliográfica são analisadas legislações nacionais e internacionais que tratam da dignidade da pessoa humana relacionadas ao direito de preservar a intimidade do transexual alterando o assento de nascimento para trocar o nome e o sexo, bem como a opção de informação de sua condição a terceiros. Conclui-se que a informação deve ficar restrita aos livros cartorários e ser disponibilizada a requerimento da parte ou por determinação judicial como a forma adequada de tratar o assunto e não violar a intimidade e a vida privada do transexual. Este, por sua vez, deve ser reconhecido pela forma como ele escolheu se apresentar socialmente.
Estagnação E Não Consolidação Da Democracia Na América Latina E No Caribe: Um Estudo Comparado (2006 E 2016)
Authors: De Oliveira Armando Albuquerque , Cecato Maria Aurea Baroni
Published: February 2018

Esta investigação parte de uma concepção de democracia que leva em consideração os conceitos, procedimentos e dados fornecidos pelo Democracy Index 2006 e 2016. O problema central reside em verificar empiricamente se as democracias da América Latina e do Caribe avançaram, estagnaram ou retroagiram neste período. A hipótese que a norteia é a de que há indícios de estagnação das mesmas. No entanto, faz-se necessário que as evidências empíricas corroborem a mesma. Desta forma, lança-se mão de uma metodologia comparativa de cunho quantitativo. Assim, o principal objetivo deste estudo é prover uma explicação plausível que possibilite corroborar a sua hipótese.
DIREITO INTERNACIONAL AMBIENTAL E FLORESTAS NO CONTEXTO DAS MUDANÇAS CLIMÁTICAS: PRIMEIRAS IMPRESSÕES
Authors: Avzaradel Pedro Curvello Saavedra
Published: February 2018

O presente trabalho se propõe a analisar os tratados internacionais sobre a proteção das florestas, procurando compatibiliza-los com a questão climática. Para tanto, analisará normas, declarações e instituições internacionais existentes, bem como estudos e relatórios produzidos após a Conferência das Nações Unidas sobre Meio Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, também conhecida como Rio 92. Trata-se de um primeiro estudo de natureza exploratória com o objetivo de propor diretrizes no sentido de uma tutela mais abrangente das florestas, conjugando obrigações dispostas em textos diversos com os imperativos climáticos reconhecidos no Acordo de Paris.
Direitos Fundamentais Sociais dos Imigrantes no Neoconstitucionalismo: Eficácia Jurídica e Social
Authors: Padovani Daniela Wernecke , Misailidis Mirta Lerena
Published: February 2018

O presente artigo trata da questão da efetividade dos direitos fundamentais dos imigrantes fronteiriços no Brasil, com destaque aos mais vulneráveis, os imigrantes indocumentados. Análise do tema tem como ponto referencial normativa nacional e internacional correlata, no contexto do constitucionalismo moderno, o que inclui o constitucionalismo liberal, social e neoconstitucionalismo, apresentando, este último, uma releitura do direito a partir de nova hermenêutica jurídica, servindo-se do princípio da vedação do retrocesso e de uma teoria de justiça na busca da implementação de uma sociedade livre, justa e solidária. A vertente metodológica adotada é a jurídico sociológica mediante o método dedutivo.
A (dis)funcionalidade do Estado de Coisas Inconstitucional (ECI): estrutura da decisão e os limites funcionais do direito
Authors: De Paiva Vasconcelos Diego
Published: February 2018

Este trabalho trata do conceito construído pelas Cortes Constitucionais da Colômbia e do Brasil chamado Estado de Coisas Inconstitucional utilizado para declaração de inconstitucionalidade de fatos, sendo esta, portanto, uma questão sobre os limites e confins do direito. Apresenta-se a (auto)representação do conceito na estrutura das decisões das cortes constitucionais que utilizaram-no. Através do referencial teórico da Teoria da Sociedade, se propõe indicar o que se faz quando se declara um estado de fato como inconstitucional.
Korelasi Lama Senam Asma dengan Faal Paru pada Pasien Asma yang Mengikuti Senam Asma
Authors: Bebasari Eka , Azrin Miftah
Published: February 2018

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways. Asthma gymnastics is one of rehabilitation efforts that mayimprove asthma patients lung function. This research was a cross sectional study to determine correlation of durationof asthma gymnastics with pulmonary function. Respondents were all asthma patients who follow asthma gymnasticsin Riau University Teaching Hospital and Health Center Rumbai. Data were collected with spirometry test with totalsampling. Most of respondents were in the age group 41-50 years (38.7%), female respondents 77.4%, most ofrespondents had a history of asthma in the family (61.3%), duration of asthma gymnastics more than 3 months(61.3%), asthma degree was intermittent (38,7%), level of asthma control was controlled 61.3% and spirometry testshowed that 54.8% respondent were classified obstructive. There is a moderate positive correlation between durationof asthma gymnastics with lung vital capacity with r = 0,451 and p = 0,011.
Gambaran Kadar Kreatinin Serum Dan Lama Rawatan Pada Pasien Gagal Jantung Kongestif di RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau Januari 2012 - Desember 2014
Authors: Siswanti E Dyah , Fatmawati Fatmawati , Fikri M. Ikhsanul
Published: February 2018

Worsening renal function in patient with congestive heart failure affect the length of hospital stay. The purpose of thisstudy was to describe the creatinine serum levels and the length of hospital stay in patient with congestive heartfailure treated in Arifin Achmad hospital Riau Province January 2012 – December 2014. This study was done withcross sectional approach. This study found the most common creatinine serum levels found were <1.5 mg/dl (73.2%)with an average of 1.30 mg/dl and the range was 0.10 – 6.63 mg/dl. The value of left ventricular ejection fraction withan average of 44.9% and the range was 12% - 79%. Length of hospital stay in patients were >5 days commonly withan average of 7.29 days and the range was 1 – 29 days. The result of this study showed that the possibility ofcreatinine serum levels is not the only one predictor to determine the length of hospital stay in patient with congestiveheart failure.
Penggunaan Antibiotik Profilaksis Bedah pada Sectio Cesarea di RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau
Authors: Hamidy M. Yulis , Fauzia Dina , Nugraha Dimas P. , Muttaqien M. Imam
Published: February 2018

Cesarean section is a high risk operation for the development of surgical site infection. Routine prophylaxis withantibiotic may reduce this risk. Antibiotic administrations in presurgery and postsurgery are widely used to avoid andto treat surgical site infection. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the administration of prophylactic antibioticsfor cesarean section at the Arifin Achmad Hospital, Riau Province. This study included 485 patients who had beenunderwent cesarean section for one year period (January 1st – December 31st 2014). Data were collected using patient’smedical record. The study showed that prophylactic antibiotic was given to 43.7% of the subjects. All of the prophylacticsubjects received seftriaxon as prophylactic antibiotic. About 75.0% antibiotic was given <60 minutes before incision.All of the drugs were administered by intravenous route. It can be concluded that there are some inappropriate use ofprophylactic antibiotics. The greatest inappropriateness is inappopriate duration and indication of prophylacticantibiotic.
Gambaran Farmakoterapi Pasien Common Cold Di Puskesmas Pekanbaru
Authors: Nugraha Dimas Pramita , Inayah Inayah
Published: February 2018

Common cold is still a disease with the most number of cases in Indonesia and the province of Riau in out patientswho visited the primary health center (Puskesmas). However, in primary health care, like Puskesmas and privatepractice physicians are expected pharmacotherapy common cold is not rational. Medication errors is a common problem.The purpose of this study was to determine how the use of pharmacotherapy in patients with the common cold inPuskesmas Pekanbaru. This study was an observational descriptive , with a total sample 4602 people who meet thespecified criteria .The results showed that the percentage patients common cold using symptomatic analgesic-antipyreticdrugs 70.2%.However, the percentage of patients that using antibiotics in common cold is still quite a lot (36%), alsothe use corticosteroid (17,9%) that showed medication error. The patterns pharmacotherapy of common cold inPuskesmas Pekanbaru was relatively good, but need improvement .
Gambaran Karakteristik Pasien Erupsi Obat Alergi di RSUD Arifin Achmad Pekanbaru Periode 2010 – 2014
Authors: Darmani Endang H , Indah S As T.Sy. Dessi , Anggraini Yuni Eka , Makmur Olivia
Published: February 2018

Allergic drug eruptions is one of most dermatology cases can find in Arifin Achmad General Hospital Pekanbaru forlast four years and study about the characteristic description of allergic drug eruption’s patients never been describedbefore. To describe the characteristic of allergic drug eruption’s patients in Arifin Achmad General Hospital PekanbaruIndonesia. This is a descriptive retrospective study with 35 subjects, which is describing the most common type ofmorphologic skin eruption, groups of gender and age were affected , and etiology drugs were suspected. Mostcommon type of morphologic skin eruption is exfoliative dermatitis (eritroderma) (42,8%), most frequently genderaffected is women (60%) and group of age most frequenly affected is 41-50 (25.7%) years old. Antibiotics is the mostcauses were suspected (60%). Exfoliative dermatitis, women and age 41-50 years old were most common characteristicdescription of allergic drug eruption’s patients in Arifin Achmad general Hospital Pekanbaru time periode 2010-2014.
Manfaat Aktivitas Fisik Teratur Terhadap Perbaikan Fungsi Kognitif Pasien dengan Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors: Amtarina Rina
Published: February 2018

Regular physical activity have a positive impact on improving cognision for elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment(MCI). Our aim was to answer a clinical question of the effect exercise for improving cognition. We conducted anEvidence Based Case Report (EBCR) of exercise effects on cogitive outcomes in elderly with MCI. We did electronicsearching on database PubMed, Cochrane Library, ScienceDirect, National Electronic Library for Health, Bandolier,Trip Database and SumSearch for 2004-2014, using keywords and combination of search term(s): AND, OR, brackets.The search found three articles with various strength of evidence. Most of them could prove that regular activity havepositive impact on improving cognision.
Peranan Statin Dalam Memperbaiki Fungsi Paru pada Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik (PPOK)
Authors: Fauzia Dina
Published: February 2018

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease state characterized by airflow limitation that is not fullyreversible and a global health problem with an increasing incidence. Latest pathogenesis states that inflammationoccurs in COPD is not just limited to the airway and parenchymal lung disease, but a systemic inflammation involvingother systems, especially the cardiovascular system. Therefore, the approach to COPD therapy currently includes twoaspects, suppression of lung inflammation and systemic diseases. One of the the therapeutic agent that may affectboth aspects are statin.
Epilepsi dan Attention-Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) pada Anak
Authors: Sukiandra Riki
Published: February 2018

Attention-deficit / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been associated with childhood epilepsy. Epilepsy are themost common neurologic disturbance in child age. Children with epilepsy tend to get one or more ADHD symptoms,its related to lack of norepinephrine neurotransmitter in brain, that cause attenuate the effect of GABA and disruptionto fronto-striatal brain networks, these same brain networks are disrupted by seizures or the structural brainabnormalities that can cause seizures. Children with epilepsy especially absance, tend to get inattentive type ofADHD more than other types. Abnormalities of electro-encephalography found in inattentive type of ADHD withhigh focus activities in all lobe area. No data published that methylphenidate can lower seizure threshold or act asproconvulsant. Children with epilepsy tend to get one or more symptoms of ADHD in the following days.
Gambaran Terapi Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 dengan Komorbid Hipertensi di Rumah Sakit X Pekanbaru
Authors: Inayah Inayah , Hamidy M. Yulis , Sari Mayang
Published: February 2018

The contribution of hypertension to diabetes, as the leading cause of death, is very important. Thus, aggressivemanagement in diabetes mellitus patients comorbid with hypertension is thouroghly required. The purpose of thedescriptive study is to describe the treatment of cormobide type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Data wereretrieved from the medical records of patients’ X hospital in Pekanbaru through period January - December 2014.There were 285 subjects. The average of age and random blood glucose level are 57.73 (± 9.95) and 260.67 (±126.93) mg/dL, consecutively. The systolic blood pressure of e”160 mmHg (38.9%) and diastolic blood pressure of80-89 mmHg(40,7%) are moslty found in this study. Oral Anti-Diabetic Drugs (ADD) are administered to 83.15% ofthe subjects, while 3.5% of the subjects are given insulin. The most frequent oral ADD administerd is the combinatonof two drugs (49.47%), of Metformin group (90.3%) with daily dose 1000-1500 mg (74.26%). The most commonAnti Hypertension Drugs used is angiotensin receptor blocker 75.8 % (candesartan 66.24 % & valsartan 9.55 %).The conclusion is metformin and candesartan were the most common drugs used in the treatment of diabetes mellituscomorbid with hypertension.
Tingkat Akseptabilitas dan Tolerabilitas Cairan Pencuci Tangan Formula World Health Organization (WHO) yang Digunakan Mahasiswa Kepaniteraan Klinik Senior di RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau
Authors: Anggraini Dewi , Fitriyani Insan , Restuastuti Tuti
Published: February 2018

Health Care Associated Infection (HCAI) is one of the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in hospital and otherhealth care facilitiy. Hand hygiene is the main way to reduce incidence of HCAI. World Health Organization (WHO)recommends alcohol-based handrub because it is more acceptable and tolerable than other hand hygiene products.WHO has identified formulations for the local preparation. This was a descriptive study aimed to determine theacceptability and tolerability of WHO recommended handrub formulation. The subjects of the study were 40 seniorclerkships in Arifin Achmad Hospital, Riau Province, from Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Internal MedicineDepartment. Each respondent was given WHO-recommended handrub formulation used for three days. On the firstday, the observer distributed handrubs being tested. After 3 days of consecutive use of the product, participantscompleted the questionnaire and the observer evaluate the condition of participants’ hands. We used WHO’squestionnaire to evaluate acceptability and tolerability level. The results of this study showed that WHO-recommendedhandrub formulation had good acceptability for its application, colour, smell, irritation, ease of use, speed of drying,and overall evaluation but had a less rate of acceptability for its textures and drying effect. WHO-recommendedhandrub formulation had good tolerability.
Pengaruh Herbisida Paraquat Diklorida Oral Terhadap Hati Tikus Putih
Authors: Muhartono Muhartono , Fratiwi Yolanda , Windarti Indri , Susianti Susianti
Published: February 2018

The use of herbicide paraquat dichloride by farmers, is one of effort to increase the production in agricultural sector.Herbicide paraquat dichloride often used by farmers carelessly and there was caution ignorance. Herbicide causemuch adverse effect to organs, especially in liver through oral. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect oforal herbicide paraquat dichloride to hepatocyte swelling and sinusoidal congestion in liver of male rats (Rattusnovergicus) Sprague dawley strain. In this experimental study, 25 male rats (Rattus novergicus) Sprague dawleystrain are divided randomly into 5 group and treated for 2 days. K1 is group of controlled, K2, K3, K4, K5 are givenherbicide paraquat dichloride 25 mg/kgBW, 50 mg/kgBW, 100 mg/kgBW, and 200 mg/kgBW. The results showedthat the average number of hepatocyte swelling and sinusoidal congestion in liver was increasing. In Kruskal Wallistest and Post Hoc Mann Whitney test found significant difference p=0.000 (p<0.005). There are significant effect oforal paraquat dichloride to hepatocyte swelling and sinusoidal congestion in liver of male rats (Rattus novergicus)Sprague dawley strain.
Konstipasi pada Kehamilan
Authors: Sembiring Ligat Pribadi
Published: February 2018

Constipation is a condition often found in pregnant women and can lead to various complications. Based onpathophysiology, constipation can be classified into constipation due to structural abnormalities and functionalconstipation. Constipation in pregnant women is classified as the functional constipation caused by hormonal factors,changes in diet, growth of fetus, decrease in physical activities and the position of the defecation. The management ofconstipation during pregnancy take precedence on non pharmacological therapy. Pharmacological therapy (laxatives)that can be used is the bulk-forming agents and osmotic laxatives, however, they are only when absolutely necessaryand are not for long term use. The reasons are to avoid dehydration and electrolyte imbalance in pregnant women.
Pengaruh Stres Kronik terhadap Otak: Kajian Biomolekuler Hormon Glukokortikoid dan Regulasi Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) Pascastres di Cerebellum
Authors: Juananda Desby , Ratna Sari Dwi Cahyani , Prakosa2, Djoko , Arfian Nur , Romi Mansyur
Published: February 2018

The brain is the central organ of stress adaptation, and is also a target of stress. Chronic stress may result in abnormalchanges in brain plasticity; include dendritic retraction, neuronal toxicity, and suppression of neurogenesis andaxospinous synaptic plasticity. Repetitive stress exposure will gradually change the electrical characteristic, morphologyand proliferative capacity of neurons. Among brain region, the cerebellum is known to be severely affected by oxidativedamage associated with glucocorticoids level. It is believed due to the highest levels of glucocorticoid receptorslocalized in the external granular layer. BDNF, a member of neurotrophin family, is known to be a strong survivalpromoting factor, and plays a critical role in cell proliferation and differentiation, neuronal protection, and the regulationof synaptic function in the central nervous system. BDNF is highly expressed in the cerebellum, mainly in granulecells. Both acute and chronic stress change BDNF expression in the brain. Although the impact of stress on BDNFlevels showed the different results, BDNF is believed to protect neurons from injuries caused by stress.
Aktivitas Antifungi Air Perasan Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum L.) Terhadap Candida albicans Secara In Vitro
Authors: Nurhasanah Nurhasanah , Andrini Fauzia , Hamidy Yulis
Published: February 2018

Shallot (Allium ascalonicum L.) has been known as traditional medicine. Shallot which has same genus with garlic(Allium sativum L.) contains allicin that is also found in garlic and has been suspected has fungicidal activity toCandida albicans. It is supported by several researches. Therefore, shallot is suspected has antifungal activity too.The aim of this research was to know antifungal activity of shallot’s water extortion againsts Candida albicans invitro. This was a laboratory experimental research which used completely randomized design, with diffusion method.Shallot’s water extortion was devided into three concentrations, there were 50%, 100% and 200%. Ketoconazole 2%was positive control and aquadest was negative control. The result of this research based on analysis of varians(Anova), there was significant difference between several treatments and was confirmed with Duncan New MultipleRange Test (DNMRT) p<0,05, there was significant difference between 100% shallot’s water extortion with othertreatments, but there was no significant difference between 50% shallot’s water extortion with 200% shallot’s. Theconclusion was shallot’s water extortion had antifungal activity againsts Candida albicans with the best concentration100%, but it was lower than ketoconazole 2%.
Profil Pasien Leukemia Anak di RSUD Arifin Achmad Provinsi Riau Periode Tahun 2013-2014
Authors: Fridayenti Fridayenti , Masdar Huriatul , Asriani Sherly
Published: February 2018

Leukemia is a malignancy of hematologic disease characterized by replacement of normal bone marrow by abnormalblood cells. Malignant neoplasm that most common in children. The aim of this study is to describe profiles ofleukemia in children in Arifin Achmad General Hospital period 2013-2014. This is a descriptive retrospective study.The data was used 48 medical records of child with leukemia. The highest frequency of child with leukemia wasfound in the age group of 5-9 years old (39.5%), the most frequent gender was male (62.5%) and mostly come fromPekanbaru (20.8%). Based on pheripheral blood smear, acute leukemia was found in 31.3 %, pancytopenia 22.9%,normocyitic anemia 18,8, hypocromic anemia 16.7% and neutropenia 2%. Based on morphologic of bone marrowALL was found in 79.2%, AML 10.4%, CML 8.3% and 2% analyzing was not included in leukemia. There are only15 patients having immunophenotyping assesment, 86.6% are ALL B-lineage, 6.7% are AML and 6.7% result wasnot sensitive to any leukemia marker.
Pengaruh Inisiasi Menyusu Dini terhadap Waktu Pengeluaran dan Perubahan Warna Mekonium Serta Kejadian Ikterik Fisiologis
Authors: Kusika Saputra Nicko Pisceski , Lasmini Putri Sri
Published: February 2018

One of the government’s efforts through the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in 2010 in reducing the infantmortality rate in Indonesia is improving infants nutrition and promote exclusive breastfeeding early breastfeedinginitiation. Early initiation of breastfeeding has many benefits for both mother and baby. This study aimed to comparemeconium spending time and meconium color change and the incidence of physiologic jaundice in infants whoreceived and did not receive early breastfeeding initiation (IMD). This study was a cross sectional analytical studyconducted at the Achmad Mochtar Hospital Bukittinggi. Forty-two maternity patients divided into two groups thatprovide IMD and unprovide IMD group to her baby. In each group assessed first meconium spending time in minutes,the time change meconium original colour of dark green to yellow and counted since birth in hours and the incidenceof physiologic jaundice in infants. All babies kept getting breastfeeding. There were no significant differences in themean time the first meconium spending time in both groups (131.42 minutes and 163.33 minutes, p> 0.05). There aresignificant differences in the mean time meconium colour changes from dark green to yellow (50.14 hours and 94.36hours, p <0.05). Early initiation of breastfeeding also lowers the incidence of physiological jaundice were significantly(p <0.05). Early initiation of breastfeeding did not affect spending time first meconium but accelerate meconiumcolor changes from dark green to yellow. Early initiation of breastfeeding also lowers the incidence of neonataljaundice.
Citra tubuh, Perilaku Diet, dan Kualitas Hidup Remaja Akhir Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Riau
Authors: Haslinda Lilly , Ernalia Yanti , Wahyuni Sri
Published: February 2018

Late adolescence (17-20 years) is when a child has made a career decision in the future. Body image in adolescentsassociated with eating disorders and psychological problems such as depression. Nutritional status is well alignedwith the quality of life of adolescents. This study aims to determine the body image, dietary behavior, and quality oflife in the period of late adolescence students of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Riau. This study was a crosssectionalanalytical study conducted at the end of the 87 teenage students of the Faculty of Medicine, University ofRiau. Selection of the subject of research conducted with total sampling. Measurements made with the body imagequestionnaire silhouettes body image, dietary behavioral data with the questionnaire (eating attitude test) / EAT-26,and the data Quality of Life with WHO-QOL questionnaire. Furthermore, the data presented descriptively. Of the 87respondents there were 25.3% (22) male subjects and 74.7% (65) female subjects. Based on BMI, there are morenutritional status (overweight and obesity) of 27.6%, less nutritional status (underweight) 17.2%. Based on abdominalcircumference there are 25.3% subjects felt obesity there are 51.7% research subjects who felt dissatisfied with herbody image. A total of 36.8% of research subjects perceive their bodies emaciated, 19.5% perceive overweight and1.2% obese perceived body image. A total of 9.2% of the subjects experienced the possibility of eating behaviordisorders. There are 43.7% of research subjects who have less quality of life.
Blood biochemical indicators and concentration of thyroid hormones in heavily pregnant and lactating ewes depending on selenium supplementation
Authors: Novoselec Josip , Šperanda Marcela , Klir Željka , Mioč Boro , Steiner Zvonimir , Antunović Zvonko
Published: February 2018

The aim of this research was to determine the effect of dietary selenium supplementation (organic and inorganic) on the biochemical indices and thyroid hormone concentration in the blood of heavily pregnant and lactating ewes. Research was conducted on 30 pregnant ewes of the Merinolandschaf breed divided into 3 groups, and lasted for four months (two months on ewes in late pregnancy and two months on ewes during lactation). The first group was given a basal diet without the addition of selenium. The feed mixture of group 2 was supplemented with 0.3 mg/kg of organic sources of selenium, and group 3 with the same amount of inorganic sources of selenium. In lactating ewes, organic and inorganic selenium lead to a significant (P< 0.05;P< 0.01) increase in urea concentration. At the same time, in lactating ewes inorganic selenium had a significant decreasing effect (P< 0.05;P< 0.01) on cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein and triglycerides. Organic selenium in heavily pregnant ewes significantly (P< 0.01) increased aspartate aminotransferase activity in comparison to group 1 and 3. In lactating ewes significant (P< 0.05) differences in aspartate aminotransferase activity were determined between groups 2 and 3. With selenium supplementation a significant (P< 0.01;P< 0.05) increase concentration of Se was determined (for heavily pregnant and lactating ewes, respectively), as well as Na, Cl, Fe (lactating ewes), and a decrease of K (high pregnant ewes). Organic selenium had an effect on the increase of triiodothyronine in lactating ewes. We can conclude that selenium supplementation contributes to good health and condition of ewes in the demanding period of lactation.