bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 2 contributes to neuroinflammation and neurological dysfunction in mouse experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: Kamboj Amit , Lu Ping , Cossoy Michael B , Stobart Jillian L , Dolhun Brian A , Kauppinen Tiina M , de Murcia Gilbert , Anderson Christopher M
Published: April 2013

Background

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is an animal model of multiple sclerosis characterized by entry of activated T cells and antigen presenting cells into the central nervous system and subsequent autoimmune destruction of nerve myelin. Previous studies revealed that non-selective inhibition of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) 1 and 2 protect against neuroinflammation and motor dysfunction associated with EAE, but the role of the PARP-2 isoform has not yet been investigated selectively.

Results

EAE was induced in mice lacking PARP-2, and neurological EAE signs, blood-spine barrier (BSB) permeability, demyelination and inflammatory infiltration were monitored for 35 days after immunization. Mice lacking PARP-2 exhibited significantly reduced overall disease burden and peak neurological dysfunction. PARP-2 deletion also significantly delayed EAE onset and reduced BSB permeability, demyelination and central nervous system (CNS) markers of proinflammatory Th1 and Th17 T helper lymphocytes.

Conclusions

This study represents the first description of a significant role for PARP-2 in neuroinflammation and neurological dysfunction in EAE.
How does a surgeon’s brain buzz? An EEG coherence study on the interaction between humans and robot
Authors: Bocci Tommaso , Moretto Carlo , Tognazzi Silvia , Briscese Lucia , Naraci Megi , Leocani Letizia , Mosca Franco , Ferrari Mauro , Sartucci Ferdinando
Published: April 2013

Introduction

In humans, both primary and non-primary motor areas are involved in the control of voluntary movements. However, the dynamics of functional coupling among different motor areas have not been fully clarified yet. There is to date no research looking to the functional dynamics in the brain of surgeons working in laparoscopy compared with those trained and working in robotic surgery.

Experimental procedures

We enrolled 16 right-handed trained surgeons and assessed changes in intra- and inter-hemispheric EEG coherence with a 32-channels device during the same motor task with either a robotic or a laparoscopic approach. Estimates of auto and coherence spectra were calculated by a fast Fourier transform algorithm implemented on Matlab 5.3.

Results

We found increase of coherence in surgeons performing laparoscopy, especially in theta and lower alpha activity, in all experimental conditions (M1 vs. SMA, S1 vs. SMA, S1 vs. pre-SMA and M1 vs. S1; p < 0.001). Conversely, an increase in inter-hemispheric coherence in upper alpha and beta band was found in surgeons using the robotic procedure (right vs. left M1, right vs. left S1, right pre-SMA vs. left M1, left pre-SMA vs. right M1; p < 0.001).

Discussion

Our data provide a semi-quantitative evaluation of dynamics in functional coupling among different cortical areas in skilled surgeons performing laparoscopy or robotic surgery. These results suggest that motor and non-motor areas are differently activated and coordinated in surgeons performing the same task with different approaches. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that tried to assess semi-quantitative differences during the interaction between normal human brain and robotic devices.
Deficit of theory of mind after temporal lobe cerebral infarction
Authors: Xi Chunhua , Zhu Youling , Zhu Chunyan , Song Daohui , Wang Yongguang , Wang Kai
Published: April 2013

Background

Previous studies have indicated that the temporal lobe is involved in theory of mind (ToM). However, little attention has been paid to ToM in patients with cerebral infarction. In this study, we investigated the ability of ToM in patients with temporal lobe cerebral infarction (TLCI) using a variety of tests.

Methods

In the study, 19 patients with TLCI and 20 healthy controls (HC) were examined using the Recognition of faux pas and the Reading the Mind in the Eyes (RME) tasks, to assess their ability of ToM.

Results

The results of the study indicated that the TLCI group performed significantly worse compared with the HC group as revealed in the total faux pas-related score and in emotion recognition (Mind Reading).

Conclusions

Our results implied that patients with TLCI had difficulty in ToM. Our data provided new evidence that the temporal lobe may be involved in processing ToM inferences.
GPA-14, a Gαi subunit mediates dopaminergic behavioral plasticity in C. elegans
Authors: Mersha Mahlet , Formisano Rosaria , McDonald Rochelle , Pandey Pratima , Tavernarakis Nektarios , Harbinder Singh
Published: April 2013

Background

Precise levels of specific neurotransmitters are required for appropriate neuronal functioning. The neurotransmitter dopamine is implicated in modulating behaviors, such as cognition, reward and memory. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, the release of dopamine during behavioral plasticity is in part modulated through an acid-sensing ion channel expressed in its eight dopaminergic neurons. A D2-like C. elegans dopamine receptor DOP-2 co-expresses along with a Gαi subunit (GPA-14) in the anterior deirid (ADE) pair of dopaminergic neurons.

Findings

In follow-up experiments to our recently reported in vitro physical interaction between DOP-2 and GPA-14, we have behaviorally characterized worms carrying deletion mutations in gpa-14 and/or dop-2. We found both mutants to display behavioral abnormalities in habituation as well as associative learning, and exogenous supply of dopamine was able to revert the observed behavioral deficits. The behavioral phenotypes of dop-2 and gpa-14 loss-of-function mutants were found to be remarkably similar, and we did not observe any cumulative defects in their double mutants.

Conclusion

Our results provide genetic and phenotypic support to our earlier in vitro results where we had shown that the DOP-2 dopamine receptor and the GPA-14 Gαi subunit physically interact with each other. Results from behavioral experiments presented here together with our previous in-vitro work suggests that the DOP-2 functions as a dopamine auto-receptor to modulate two types of learning, anterior touch habituation and chemosensory associative conditioning, through a G-protein complex that comprises GPA-14 as its Gα subunit.
Clinical and molecular epidemiology of veterinary blastomycosis in Wisconsin
Authors: Anderson Jennifer L , Sloss Brian L , Meece Jennifer K
Published: April 2013

Background

Several studies have shown thatBlastomyces dermatitidis, the etiologic agent of blastomycosis, is a genetically diverse pathogen. Blastomycosis is a significant health issue in humans and other mammals. Veterinary and human isolates matched with epidemiological case data from the same geographic area and time period were used to determine: (i) if differences in genetic diversity and structure exist between clinical veterinary and human isolates ofB. dermatitidisand (ii) if comparable epidemiologic features differ among veterinary and human blastomycosis cases.

Results

Genetic typing of 301 clinicalB. dermatitidisisolates produced 196 haplotypes (59 unique to veterinary isolates, 134 unique to human isolates, and 3 shared between canine and human isolates). Private allelic richness was higher in veterinary (median 2.27) compared to human isolates (median 1.14) (p = 0.005).

Concordant with previous studies, two distinct genetic groups were identified among all isolates. Genetic group assignment was different between human and veterinary isolates (p< 0.001), with more veterinary isolates assigned to Group 2.

The mean age of dogs diagnosed with blastomycosis was 6 years. Thirty cases were in male dogs (52%) and 24 were females (41%). The breed of dog was able to be retrieved in 38 of 58 cases with 19 (50%) being sporting breeds. Three of four felines infected with blastomycosis were domestic shorthair males between ages 6–12, and presented with disseminated disease. The other was a lynx with pulmonary disease. The equine isolate was from an 11-year-old male Halflinger with disseminated disease. Disseminated disease was reported more often in veterinary (62%) than human cases (19%) (p< 0.001).

Conclusions

Isolates from all hosts clustered largely into previously identified genetic groups, with 3 haplotypes being shared between human and canine isolates confirming thatB. dermatitidisisolates capable of infecting both species occur in nature. Allelic diversity measures trended higher in veterinary samples, with a higher number of total alleles and private alleles. Veterinary isolates ofB. dermatitidiscontributed a substantial amount of diversity to the overall population genetic structure demonstrating the importance of including veterinary isolates in genetic studies of evolution and virulence in this organism.
Persufflation (gaseous oxygen perfusion) as a method of heart preservation
Authors: Suszynski Thomas M , Rizzari Michael D , Scott William E , Eckman Peter M , Fonger James D , John Ranjit , Chronos Nicolas , Tempelman Linda A , Sutherland David ER , Papas Klearchos K
Published: April 2013

Persufflation (PSF; gaseous oxygen perfusion) is an organ preservation technique with a potential for use in donor heart preservation. Improved heart preservation with PSF may improve outcomes by maintaining cardiac tissue quality in the setting of longer cold ischemia times and possibly increasing the number of donor hearts available for allotransplant. Published data suggest that PSF is able to extend the cold storage times for porcine hearts up to 14 hours without compromising viability and function, and has been shown to resuscitate porcine hearts following donation after cardiac death. This review summarizes key published work on heart PSF, including prospective implications and future directions for PSF in heart transplantation. We emphasize the potential impact of extending preservation times and expanding donor selection criteria in heart allotransplant. Additionally, the key issues that need to be addressed before PSF were to become a widely utilized preservation strategy prior to clinical heart transplantation are summarized and discussed.
N-acetylcysteine attenuates cardiopulmonary bypass-induced lung injury in dogs
Authors: Qu Xianfeng , Li Qianyu , Wang Xiaofei , Yang Xiaoping , Wang Dongguo
Published: April 2013

Background

Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is usually associated with inflammatory response that leads to various degrees of organ dysfunction in multiple systems, including lung injury. Our previous study showed that transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFβ1) was involved in CPB-induced lung injury. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is an antioxidant and is able to prevent CPB-induced pneumocyte apoptosis through scavenging radical. Therefore, we investigated whether NAC may attenuate CPB-induced lung injury by inhibiting TGFβ1 expression.

Methods

Fifty-four 18 to 24-month-old mongrel dogs (15–16 kg) were randomly divided into control group, CPB group and NAC group (n = 18). Six dogs in each group were killed prior to, as well as 30 and 60 minutes after the operation (T0, T1 and T2). Lung injury was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Respiratory index (RI), oxygenation index (OI), malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the lung were determined at each time point. TGFβ1 expression was determined using real time RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry.

Results

A serious lung injury was observed after CPB in dogs. RI and MDA content were increased significantly after CPB, whereas OI and SOD activity were decreased. H&E staining showed that NAC treatment obviously attenuated CPB-induced lung injury. NAC treatment upregulated OI and SOD activity and downregulated RI and MDA content in the lung tissues of dogs after CPB. Treatment with NAC significantly suppressed the TGFβ1 expression in the lung tissues at both mRNA and protein levels.

Conclusion

Our results suggest that NAC is a potent agent against CPB-induced acute lung injury through inhibiting TGFβ1 expression.
Effects of steam pretreatment and co-production with ethanol on the energy efficiency and process economics of combined biogas, heat and electricity production from industrial hemp
Authors: Barta Zsolt , Kreuger Emma , Björnsson Lovisa
Published: April 2013

Background

The study presented here has used the commercial flow sheeting program Aspen Plus™ to evaluate techno-economic aspects of large-scale hemp-based processes for producing transportation fuels. The co-production of biogas, district heat and power from chopped and steam-pretreated hemp, and the co-production of ethanol, biogas, heat and power from steam-pretreated hemp were analysed. The analyses include assessments of heat demand, energy efficiency and process economics in terms of annual cash flows and minimum biogas and ethanol selling prices (MBSP and MESP).

Results

Producing biogas, heat and power from chopped hemp has the highest overall energy efficiency, 84% of the theoretical maximum (based on lower heating values), providing that the maximum capacity of district heat is delivered. The combined production of ethanol, biogas, heat and power has the highest energy efficiency (49%) if district heat is not produced. Neither the inclusion of steam pretreatment nor co-production with ethanol has a large impact on the MBSP. Ethanol is more expensive to produce than biogas is, but this is compensated for by its higher market price. None of the scenarios examined are economically viable, since the MBSP (EUR 103–128 per MWh) is higher than the market price of biogas (EUR 67 per MWh). The largest contribution to the cost is the cost of feedstock. Decreasing the retention time in the biogas process for low solids streams by partly replacing continuous stirred tank reactors by high-rate bioreactors decreases the MBSP. Also, recycling part of the liquid from the effluent from anaerobic digestion decreases the MBSP. The production and prices of methane and ethanol influence the process economics more than the production and prices of electricity and district heat.

Conclusions

To reduce the production cost of ethanol and biogas from biomass, the use of feedstocks that are cheaper than hemp, give higher output of ethanol and biogas, or combined production with higher value products are primarily suggested. Further, practical investigations on increased substrate concentration in biogas and ethanol production, recycling of the liquid in anaerobic digestion and separation of low solids flows into solid and a liquid fraction for improved reactor applications deserves further attention.
Vertebrate GAGA factor associated insulator elements demarcate homeotic genes in the HOX clusters
Authors: Srivastava Surabhi , Puri Deepika , Garapati Hita Sony , Dhawan Jyotsna , Mishra Rakesh K
Published: April 2013

Background

Hox genes impart segment identity to body structures along the anterior-posterior axis and are crucial for the proper development of all organisms. Multiple regulatory elements, best defined in Drosophila melanogaster, ensure that Hox expression patterns follow the spatial and temporal colinearity reflected in their tight genomic organization. However, the precise mechanisms that regulate colinear patterns of Hox gene expression remain unclear, especially in higher vertebrates where it is not fully determined how the distinct activation domains of the tightly clustered Hox genes are defined independently of each other. Here, we report the identification of a large number of novel cis-elements at mammalian Hox clusters that can help in regulating their precise expression pattern.

Results

We have identified DNA elements at all four murine Hox clusters that show poor association with histone H3 in chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-chip tiling arrays. The majority of these elements lie in the intergenic regions segregating adjacent Hox genes; we demonstrate that they possess efficient enhancer-blocking activity in mammalian cells. Further, we find that these histone-free intergenic regions bear GA repeat motifs and associate with the vertebrate homolog of the GAGA binding boundary factor. This suggests that they can act as GAGA factor-dependent chromatin boundaries that create independent domains, insulating each Hox gene from the influence of neighboring regulatory elements.

Conclusions

Our results reveal a large number of potential regulatory elements throughout the murine Hox clusters. We further demarcate the precise location of several novel cis-elements bearing chromatin boundary activity that appear to segregate successive Hox genes. This reflects a pattern reminiscent of the organization of homeotic genes in Drosophila, where such regulatory elements have been characterized. Our findings thus provide new insights into the regulatory processes and evolutionarily conserved epigenetic mechanisms that control homeotic gene expression.
Quantitative evaluation of severity of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia in patients with vascular dementia
Authors: Pan Wei-Dong , Yoshida Sohei , Liu Qian , Wu Chun-Lan , Wang Jun , Zhu Jin , Cai Ding-Fang
Published: April 2013

To quantitatively evaluate severity of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) for vascular dementia (VD). Changes of 51 patients with VD in BPSD between the first and 24th week were assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and the behavioral pathology in Alzheimer’s disease (BEHAVE-AD) rating scale, in detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) represented by diurnal activity (DA), evening activity (EA), and nocturnal activity (NA), and the relationships were analyzed. The subscores of activity disturbances, diurnal rhythm disturbances, and anxieties and phobias in the BEHAVE-AD score, and that of agitation, irritability, and sleep disorder in the NPI score were significantly increased compared with the first week, as was for the changes for EA in the DFA value. A linear correlation was observed between the changes of activity disturbances plus anxieties and phobias, and those of DA, and between the development of diurnal rhythm and those of EA, the vehement and autism scores and those of DA, and the difference in sleep disorder scores and those of EA, respectively. Analysis of DA, NA, and EA may reflect the fluctuational degrees of VD-BPSD, can provide a useful assessment of VD-BPSD accompanied by clinical scores for VD.
Cigarette smoking and smoking cessation in relation to risk of rheumatoid arthritis in women
Authors: Di Giuseppe Daniela , Orsini Nicola , Alfredsson Lars , Askling Johan , Wolk Alicja
Published: April 2013

Introduction

Whereas the overall association between smoking and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) must be regarded as established, considerably less is known about how much smoking is needed to increase the risk of RA, that is, the effect of smoking intensity, duration and cessation.

Methods

The Swedish Mammography Cohort, including 34,101 women aged 54 to 89 years, was followed up from January 1, 2003 through December 31, 2010 (219 RA cases identified). Relative risks (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated as rate ratios using Cox proportional hazards model.

Results

There was a statistically significant association between smoking intensity (RR comparing 1 to 7 cigarettes/day vs never smoking 2.31 (95% CI: 1.59, 3.36)) as well as duration of smoking (comparing 1 to 25 years vs never smoking RR = 1.60 (95% CI: 1.07, 2.38)) and risk of RA. Compared to never smokers, the risk was still significantly elevated 15 years after smoking cessation (RR = 1.99 (95% CI: 1.23, 3.20)). However, among former smokers, the risk of RA seemed to be decreasing over time since stopping smoking: women who stopped smoking 15 years before the start of the follow-up had 30% lower risk of RA compared to those who stopped only a year before start of the follow-up (RR = 0.70 (95% CI: 0.24,2.02)).

Conclusions

This prospective study highlights that even light cigarette smoking is associated with increased risk of RA in women and that smoking cessation may reduce, though not remove, this risk.
A comparison of the analytical performance of five commercially available assays for neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin using urine
Authors: Kift Rebecca L , Messenger Michael P , Wind Tobias C , Hepburn Sophie , Wilson Michelle , Thompson Douglas , Smith Matthew Welberry , Sturgeon Catharine , Lewington Andrew J , Selby Peter J , Banks Rosamonde E
Published: April 2013

Background

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a promising biomarker for acute kidney injury that is beginning to be used in clinical practice in addition to research studies. The current study describes an independent validation and comparison of five commercially available NGAL assays, focusing on urine samples. This is an essential step in the translation of this marker to clinical use in terms of allowing valid inter-study comparison and generation of robust results.

Methods

Two CE (Conformité Européenne)-marked assays, the NGAL Test (BioPorto) on Siemens ADVIA® 1800 and the ARCHITECT Urine NGAL assay on i2000SR (Abbott Laboratories), and three research-use-only (RUO) ELISAs (R&D Systems, Hycult and BioPorto) were evaluated. Imprecision, parallelism, recovery, selectivity, limit of quantitation (LOQ), vulnerability to interference and hook effect were assessed and inter-assay agreement was determined using 68 urine samples from patients with various renal diseases and healthy controls.

Results

The Abbott and R&D Systems assays demonstrated satisfactory performance for all parameters tested. However for the other three assays evaluated, problems were identified with LOQ (BioPorto/ADVIA®), parallelism (BioPorto ELISA) or several parameters (Hycult). Between-method agreement varied with the Hycult assay in particular being markedly different and highlighting issues with standardization and form of NGAL measured.

Conclusions

Variability exists between the five NGAL assays in terms of their performance and this should be taken into account when interpreting results from the various clinical or research studies measuring urinary NGAL.
The Biosphere Resource Management at Building Production
Authors: Кобелева  , Kobeleva S.
Published: April 2013

Building is one of the main branches participating in formation of a technosphere. On the one hand, buildings serve for life-support of people, on another — this branch and technologies reduce space and life time of biosphere. On the basis of MIPS-analysis the estimations of construction material resource effect are executed. Methodology allows to take into account the complete volume of resources withdrawn from the bowels of the earth for a production of construction materials.
Process Optimization оf Obtaining Solidified Forms оf Alumosilicic Flocculant-Coagulant For Application In Wastewater Tr
Authors: Кручинина  , Kruchinina Nataliya , Войновский  , Voynovskiy A. , Кузин  , Kuzin E. , Гордиенко  , Gordienko M.
Published: April 2013

The solidified forms of alumosilicic flocculant-coagulant were obtained by spray drying. It is established that the solid product contains aluminum sulfate and insoluble silicon dioxide. During investigation were found the optimum conditions of receiving the alumosilicic flocculate-coagulant solids forms as well as the compromise point between product yield and energy consumption. The product losses were 5–7 %.
Impact Factors of Journals and Publication Activity Index of Authors
Authors: Девисилов  , Devisilov Vladimir
Published: April 2013

The Article represents the concepts of «impact factor» and the «Investigator Science Citation Index» and the method of their calculation. It gives an analysis of journal impact factors, with similar thematic focus to the issue of the «Safety in the technosphere» journal.
Pendulum labour migration in context of manpower traffic control: problems and prospects (on Moscow region´s material)
Authors: Цырюльников
Published: April 2013

Pendulum labor migration is an important source of manpower formation in megalopolises and large cities; it promotes the development of population’s social mobility and the spread of urban lifestyle. The author on the basis of this phenomenon’s theoretical ideas analyzes the character, content and main directions of pendulum migration between Moscow and Moscow region as well as its social, fi nancial and moral aspects. Importance of this problem’s scientifi c studying is emphasized.
Point and rating system of student assessment: realization expirience
Authors: Мишуненкова
Published: April 2013

Article is devoted to realization of point and rating system of student assessment within accession of Russian higher education to Bologna Process. On the basis of its application in conditions of concrete higher education institution (faculty, educational subject) the conclusion is drawn as about advantages of this approach to an assessment of knowledge, so the shown costs (shortcomings). In this regard it is very diffi cult to draw an unambiguous conclusion about effi ciency of this approach.
Development of additional professional education of public civilian employees
Authors: Панин
Published: April 2013

In this article the author characterizes the main stages related to formation and development of modern model of additional professional education of public civilian employees in the Russian Federation as well as problems of regulatory legal base formation and its organization at the level of concrete government body. Great attention is paid to analysis related to practice of formation and implementation of the public order for professional development of public administration system’s staff corps and to foreign experience in studied area. The conclusion about need of improvement of existing model as lagging behind modern realities and not quite corresponding to development prospects of public administration and public service system is drawn.
Social and legal aspects related to the problem of domestic violence against women
Authors: Мурзабаева
Published: April 2013

Social and legal problems of domestic violence against women are considered. Data of researches on domestic violence condition in Russia, its consequences, results of work of crisis centers, interdepartmental interaction for domestic violence prevention are provided. The international documents related to protection of women rights and prevention of different types of domestic violence against women are presented, the assessment of this problem’s legal aspects in Russian legislation is given.
INDIVIDUAL AND SOCIAL MANAGEMENT
Authors: Гелих
Published: April 2013

Is management a social phenomenon that undermines the freedom of human nature and fundamentals of its vitality? Or management is the social phenomenon and human invention that by means of its regulating fundamentals increases not only the humanity power but the power of individual, who fi nds in managed organizations his own unique place, vocation, opportunity to show his unique abilities. Here are the key issues or two-in-one key issue that considers thus stated human personality, its individual and collective capabilities.
INCORPORATION OF GENDER EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMMES INTO ADDITIONAL PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION OF CIVIL SERVANTS: STATUS AND PROB
Authors: Коростылева
Published: April 2013

The article is dedicated to incorporation of gender educational programs into the training of civil servants and addresses the main problems of this area, as well as describes the importance of gender education for formations of civil servants’ gender competences, gender culture and gender consciousness.
EVOLUTION OF COMPETENCE APPROACH IN PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT: KEY APPROACHES
Authors: Чуланова  , Chulanova Oksana
Published: April 2013

An attempt to consider the competency approach evolution related to personnel management is presented in this article. Three main approaches (behavioral, functional and multidimensional or holistic) are exposed. The experience of Russia in the development of competence approach in personnel management is unveiled.
WORKING PERSONNEL TRAINING MANAGEMENT IN MEGALOPOLIS UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF MASS LABOUR MIGRATION: SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSI
Authors: Назаров  , Назарова
Published: April 2013

The need for manpower in conditions of megalopolis, actively attracting labor migrants, prompts to re-estimate the role of modern worker, whose

main qualities become his qualifi cation, horizon, professionalism, ability to train constantly and be competitive in a rapidly changing labor market.
EFFICIENT INTERACTION EXPERIENCE BETWEEN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS AND REGIONAL EMPLOYERS IN “PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT”
Authors: Горбунова  , Быкова  , Гагринская  , Калмыкова
Published: April 2013

Some aspects related to the concept of eff ective cooperation between employers and Personnel Management School of Science based on “Economics and Organization Management” Chair of SamSTU are considered in this article. The results of sociological research related to labor market and higher education, which allowed the authors to determine the most popular in innovation economy forms of cooperation between enterprises and high education institution during the training of students in “Personnel Management” direction, are presented. Comparing the world development trends, requirements of employers and state requirements for young professionals the authors emphasize a number of key requirements for bachelors in this direction.
Preparing students of international relations for cross-cultural communication in professional discourse
Authors: Воевода  , Voevoda Elena
Published: April 2013

The article addresses the peculiarities of preparing students of international relations for professional activities. The author stresses the necessity of forming competences providing effective verbal and non-verbal communication in professional discourse.
The concept of “travel” and its representation in cross-cultural advertising communication in the sphere of tourism
Authors: Гончарова  , Goncharova Lyubov
Published: April 2013

The article covers the problems of the concept of “travel” and its representation in cross-cultural advertising communication in the sphere of tourism. The author highlights the issues of representation of different countries and cultures in the advertising printed texts of tourism, shows the illustrative material, reflecting features of broadcast advertising information, taking into account the specifics of national mentality. The article discusses features of the Russian consumer perceptions of such texts.
Using of modular technology in teaching students
Authors: Александрова  , Aleksandrova Anna
Published: April 2013

In accordance with modern trends of development of society it’s getting obvious that school needs of each student according to his inclinations, interests and abilities. As a result, there is an active search for innovative technologies that increase the motivation of learning activities that promote the independence of students. One of such systems that implement these requirements in practice is a technology of modular training.
Multivariate analysis of teachers training
Authors: Трофимов  , Trofimov Petr , Фомин  , Fomin Evgeniy , Сорокина-Исполатова  , Sorokina-Ispolatova Tatyana , Ратчин  , Ratchin Nikolay
Published: April 2013

The article is devoted to the universities as a unique social institution that has a long history and colossal advances in scientific discovery and training of talented professionals. The type of the university, which has formed during the last centuries, is the highest type of professional school and of research base, that focuses on fundamental science in the first place.
Advertising and public relations personnel training: the moral and etical aspects
Authors: Моисеева  , Moiseeva Olga
Published: April 2013

This article discusses aspects of moral preparation of experts in the field of advertising and public relations at the present stage of development of higher education.
Cultural aspect in the moral and spiritual formation of a modern student
Authors: Полушина  , Polushina Lyubov
Published: April 2013

The culture potentially is a «field» of the deep (endured) dialogue of the teacher with a trained student as images of culture differ unseparable unity of sensual and semantic components, and the world of emotional experiences of trained is appreciably impoverished and needs the big emotional saturation and a reinforcement by a semantic basis.
Taking into account a creative and scale thinking in the model building of higher education
Authors: Матвеева  , Matveeva Tatyana
Published: April 2013

There are considered innovative processes, which are taking place in the modern world and radically alter a view of essence of education and allow to make a conscious choice of High Professional Education modern model formation.
About problem of the value of human life in the post-industrial Russia
Authors: Рабаданов  , Rabadanov Zaur
Published: April 2013

In the article author is paying attention to the importance of human life, degrees its utility and necessity for self-preservation and selfrealization of personality in dynamically developing society.
Systematic approach to project efficiency management on the base of genetic algorithms
Authors: �������  , Makeeva Olga , �������  , Tsarkov Igor
Published: April 2013

The discovery of Critical Path Method (CPM) made breakdown of project

management possible. In the result, project management consists

of some knowledge areas like project time management, project cost

management etc. But there is a problem: CPM couldn�t take into account

resource constrains and costs. So there are a lot of models which

include different types of constraints. But the vast majority of such models

have serious problem: it�s impossible to scale them to universal

model which could take into account time, cost and resources together.

We suppose that this universal model could be developed on the base

of genetic algorithms and it allow increasing efficiency and quality of

project management. In this article we discuss the base principals and

tools of such model and specific genetic algorithm is proposed
Daring To Be First: The Japanese Woman Director Tazuko Sakane (1904-1971)
Authors: McDonald Keiko
Published: April 2013

When Tazuko Sakane wrote those lines in 1936 at the age of 32, she was already out of the mainstream of expectations for a woman in Japan. She was a woman of good family divorced and determined to live on her own terms— with help, it must be added, from a sympathetic father. Her
poem goes on, but its opening lines are enough. They speak for a defining moment in this young woman’s life. She titled this expression of that moment “Intoxication” (Yoi), and no wonder. The goal she was setting herself lay in an exclusively male preserve, one which partook
of traditional theater’s place beyond the pale of socially acceptable affiliations. Cinema itself in 1936 was expanding and evolving at a youthful pace, as art and industry both, but it was decades shy of being ready to imagine, much less welcome, a woman in the director’s chair.
Matrubhoomi: Gender Violence and the Motherland
Authors: Dasgupta Satarupa
Published: April 2013

“Writer-director Manish Jha extrapolates from our current reality to imagine an Indian village where, due to routine killing of female newborns, women have entirely been wiped out…the frustrations, fanaticism that follow in this gender-skewed village is the story of Matrubhoomi”
(Wadhwa, 2004, http://www.countercurrents.org/gen- wadhwa 040304.htm ). Matrubhoomi, a full-length feature film in Hindi, was released in mid-2003. The film received an opening in limited theaters in India, and reportedly did not make good business ( http://in.rediff.com/movies/2003/oct/16jha.htm).
Majority of the reviews that the film received note that its theme and treatment is too disturbing to be palatable for average audiences.
Teaching Japanese Culture Through Anime: A Case Study
Authors: Hamada Masako
Published: April 2013

Japanese animated films (anime1 ) play an important role internationally not only as a representation of Japanese culture but also as a way of bringing non-Japanese who share an interest in anime together. Kelts (2006: 5) notes that he has seen examples of Japanese anime in the daily
lives of American people — in friends’ homes, on posters on college campuses and streets, etc. —which he refers to as “a third wave of Japanophilia.”
Racial Hopes/Dreams/Fantasies: Negotiating Race, Class, and the Nation in Sepet
Authors: Ang Sze Wei
Published: April 2013

This essay will examine how a recent popular Malaysian film, Sepet, functions within local political discourse and the ongoing project of nationbuilding, and at how this film in particular—unlike other contemporary Malaysian films that are garnering acclaim in foreign film festivals—makes
it onto the big screen in Malaysia and becomes a part of mainstream discourse on race. As part of the national discussion on race relations and what it means to be “Malaysian,” the film’s depiction and portrayal of race relations—few mainstream Malaysian films even
broach the topic—has been controversial. Some conservative parties in the country, as I show later in the paper, have labeled the film “liberal”—a derogatory label in their worldview—while others have defended the film and lauded it as a “brave” intervention
that promotes further inter-racial and inter-cultural understandings. However, I argue that Sepet in and of itself is a commodity within the cultural politics of Malaysia; it exists in a dialectical relationship with the state-appointed caretakers of national culture and the state’s
moral or religious systems, as well as with those who position themselves as being more radical or “tolerant.”
Takashi Miike’s The Great Yokai War
Authors: Williams Tony
Published: April 2013

During the second sequence of Black Rainbow (1990), an undeservedly neglected film written and directed by Mike Hodges, one character notices the devastating architectural changes affecting a small town in North Carolina. He compares it to a “lobotomy gobbling up your past like
a plague of locusts, a national lobotomy.” His remarks also apply to dominant tendencies in British and Western European culture that now eagerly abandon past traditions for the dubious benefits of a global economic postmodernist era. Fortunately, this is not the case in Japanese cinema.
During 2005, Takashi Miike’s The Great Yokai War appeared. It received great acclaim in national and international festivals. Like veteran director Seijun Suzuki’s Tanuki-Goten/ Princess Racoon (2005) and the younger generation Pang Brothers’s Re-Cycle (2006), The Great Yokai
War promotes reverence and respect for Japanese popular culture desiring to preserve it for present and future audiences without denying the importance of new technological developments that transmit past traditions in novel ways. All these films represent different types of warnings about
losing valuable traditions in a developing Asian world rapidly moving into the 21st Century and in danger of eliminating valuable elements from a supposedly redundant past.
Contesting Indonesian Nationalism and Masculinity in Cinema
Authors: Paramaditha Intan
Published: April 2013

In one of the most powerful films in the New Order regime in Indonesia (1966-1998), Arifin C. Noer’s Pengkhianatan G30S/PKI (The 30th September Movement Treason/PKI, 1984), a scene shows a general’s daughter looking admiringly at a portrait of her father in his military
uniform (Fig. 1 ).The lowangle point-of-view shot of the portrait creates an aura of grandeur surrounding the general figure. The child tells her mother that she wants to have a star emblem on her chest like the one worn by her father. Her mother, while putting her husband’s uniform
into the closet, replies that she has to fight in a battle (berjuang)fightfff in order to get a star. The father is absent from this home setting but the uniform, an embodiment of his presence, binds the mother and the daughter. This scene establishes the ideal manhood in the Indonesian military
with the general becoming a heroic father figure in both public and domestic spheres. It introduces the culture of Bapakism /Father-ism in Indonesian politics, which is disrupted yet later restored within and outside the filmic diegesis.
Watching the Military’s War Movies: (De)Constructing the Enemy of the State in a Contemporary Burmese Soldier Drama
Authors: Ferguson Jane M.
Published: April 2013

While themes of political oppression, economic poverty, and Buddhist traditions tend to dominate scholarly work about Burma, the popular culture industries, from rock music to novels to cinema demand closer attention. The Burmese motion picture industry can trace an 87-year history.
In spite of, and in some cases, because of Burma’s turbulent history of militarism, internal conflict, and isolationist politics, the film industry has been a mainstay for people living within the country’s borders, and with the exception of the period of Burmese involvement in
World War II, the various studios have continuously produced films in the Burmese language since the early days of cinema in the region. Popular knowledge of films and entertainment stars is testament to the industry’s influence; even among ethnic Shan people who have migrated to Thailand,
knowledge of, and interest in Burmese films persists.
REVIEW
Authors: Pignato Joseph Michael
Published: April 2013

CHANCES AND CHOICES: EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF MUSIC EDUCATION, STEPHANIE PITTS (2012) Oxford: Oxford University Press, 240 pp.,978-0199838776, h/bk, $17.99
Two case examples using participatory music as a therapeutic metaphor in a community mental health setting in the United Kingdom
Authors: Clennon Ornette
Published: April 2013

In this practice report we explore the application of community music in a drop-in community mental health setting. This report will map out how our practice of community music that was ‘therapy-aware’, used music as a personal metaphor and analogy for service users’
mental health issues. Two brief case examples showing the application of metaphor and analogy will be outlined, followed by a wider discussion about the implications of this approach within community mental health settings
Health musicing in a community orchestra
Authors: Goodrich Andrew
Published: April 2013

Health musicing was explored in a community orchestra in a large metropolitan area in the Northeast United States. Participants in this study included both health care professionals (paediatrician, oncologist, haematologist) and non-health care professionals (accountant, architect)
who performed with the orchestra, and the conductor. The following two questions guided this study: (1) How does health musicing function in this orchestra? (2) How do the participants perceive their engagement and subsequent health musicing with the local medical community? Data collection
for this study included interviews, observations and collection of artefacts during the course of three concert preparation sequences. For the participants in this study, health musicing occurred primarily for two reasons: The role of the orchestra with community engagement; and the affect
that participation had upon the musicians with music as healing
Finding my place: Examining concepts of community music as a visiting artist in rural East Timor
Authors: Howell Gillian
Published: April 2013

This article explores being a musician in a foreign community, considering the author’s experiences as a visiting artist in East Timor as a manifestation of this. East Timor is one of Asia’s poorest and least-developed countries, a former Portuguese colony that suffered
brutal occupation by Indonesia for 24 years and which has only been an independent state since 2002. The author establishes a community musician’s role as an ‘outsider’ to the communities in which they work, and considers this in terms of her four-month artist residency as
an unknown foreigner in a developing rural community, where post-colonial legacies, traumas of recent conflict, and ongoing poverty gave additional layers of complexity to her work. Through narrative enquiry and an autoethnographic lens she describes a community music project that grew organically
from very informal and unstructured beginnings, highlighting the importance of trust and mutual exchange. The author’s experiences and interactions ultimately suggested a transition from outsider to accepted community member, and are discussed as acts of hospitality, gifts and tests
utilizing L. Higgins’ conceptual framework for community music activity.
The emergence of women’s film-making in francophone sub-Saharan Africa: From pioneering figures to contemporary directors
Authors: Bisschoff Lizelle
Published: April 2013

The socially and politically committed films of francophone West Africa have for decades been incorporating progressive representations of African women. Although female directors are hugely underrepresented in West African film-making, as they are the world over, the last two decades
have seen the gradual emergence of female directors in francophone West Africa. An increasing number of women in francophone West Africa are directing their own films, building on the work of the pioneering, mostly male, West African film-makers. This article will discuss the emergence of
female film-making in francophone sub-Saharan Africa, from the pioneering figures to a number of contemporary directors following in the footsteps of those female directors who have initiated the tradition of female film-making in francophone sub-Saharan Africa. Some of the key films made
by African women will be discussed, with a focus on the themes, genres and styles that female film-makers employ in their work. The article conclude that African women’s film-making in francophone West Africa is an emerging tradition of plurality and multiplicity, with a diverse range
of genres and themes being employed, informed by the lived experiences of the directors
A transnational feminist rereading of post-Third Cinema theory: The case of Maghreb documentary
Authors: Peer Stefanie Van de
Published: April 2013

The pioneering women making documentaries in the Maghreb – Selma Baccar, Assia Djebar, and Izza Génini – started their careers in the 1970s and 1980s. Their formative years as artists were rooted in an era in which global social movements took to the streets. Two
vital manifestoes on film in the Third World and in the Arab world appeared in this context at the end of the 1960s. It is in this light that the early documentaries by Selma Baccar, Assia Djebar and Izza Génini are contextualized. Younger documentarists from the Maghreb have reacted
against certain tendencies in their predecessors’ films, or have precisely taken on their politically engaged aesthetic directions. This article looks in detail at the developments of documentary making in the Maghreb since the 1970s, dispelling the myth that there is no freedom of speech
or that there are no women making politically activist documentaries in this region
Outside looking in: European popular musics, language and intercultural dialogue
Authors: Looseley David
Published: April 2013

This article briefly outlines some theoretical and methodological approaches to European popular musics specific to modern languages research. Outlining aspects of the relationship between languages, cultural studies and popular music studies, it suggests that the epithet ‘European’
cannot be appended to ‘popular music’ without some form of transformative reaction taking place. It illustrates this argument with reference to French popular musics specifically, looking at taxonomy, the notion of chanson and cultural history. It concludes that, as outsiders looking
in, scholarly linguists are professional interculturalists. They do not simply ‘interpret’ between monocultures that need to ‘converse’: they actually are the ‘conversation’.