bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Skin Prick Test in Chronic Idiopathic Urticaria
Authors: Arora Sandeep , Chand Satish , Bhatnagar Anuj , Dabas Rajeshwari , Suhag Devinder Kumar , Pal Reetika , Sandhu Sunmeet , Patil Chetan C. , Paul Debatraya , Rout Aradhana
Published: December 2021

Context:

Chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU) is a common clinical condition with a significant impact on the quality of life of its sufferies. Skin prick test (SPT) is a reliable method to detect the allergens and thereby contributing to diagnose of this Type I hypersensitivity.

Aims:

The aim of this study is to retrospectively analyze the incidence of positive SPT to various allergens in patients with CIU.

Subjects and Methods:

The data of patients of CIU who had undergone SPT in the dermatology department of a tertiary hospital during the period from July 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019 were reviewed. Evaluation of their history was done with respect to the possible causes and investigations excluding those with a documented history of anaphylaxis, asthma, atopic dermatitis, and dermographism. The results of SPT performed with a battery of 40 allergens (22 aeroallergens and 18 food allergens) obtained from Allergo SPT (Merck specialty Pvt. Ltd., Allergopharma, Darmstadt, Germany), were retrieved and analyzed.

Statistical Analysis Used:

The data of the 38 patients with CIU who had undergone SPT was entered in Microsoft Excel (MS Office 2016) and then analyzed with descriptive statistics.

Results:

Overall SPT positivity of these 38 patients was 73.68% and that to food allergens (10.53%), aeroallergens (26.31%), and both aero and food allergens (36.84%).

Conclusions:

Our study unlike earlier reports in literature ruled out those with clinical as well as laboratory evidence of a topic, disorders which secondarily cause urticaria, thus emphasizing SPT to be an important add-on diagnostic tool even in those cases of CIU which have no obvious exacerbating factors. A significant number of CIU patients of our study showed sensitivity to house dust mite, molds, pollen, food items, and animal epithelia on SPT.
Renovascular Hypertension in a 9-Year-Old Boy with Primary Vesicoureteral Reflux
Authors: Chowdhury Md. Murad , al Mamun Abdullah , Jesmin Tahmina , Sharmim Mst Shanjida , Roy Ranjit Ranjan
Published: December 2021

Renovascular hypertension is an important cause of secondary hypertension in the pediatric age group. Reflux nephropathy has also been regarded as one of the most common disorders leading to secondary hypertension in children. Secondary hypertension must be appropriately diagnosed and treated. Here we report the presentation, diagnosis, and management of a case of secondary hypertension in a 9-year-old boy due to unilateral diffuse narrowing of the left renal artery along with ipsilateral grade 4 primary vesicoureteral reflux.
Critical appraisal study skills among dental students in Kanpur rural region
Authors: Garg Kriti , Sachdev Rohan , Shwetam Samiksha , Singh Praveen K. , Srivastava Akash , Srivastava Aaryan Raj
Published: December 2021

Context:

Critical appraisal (CA) is a way of determining and interpreting information by objectively considering its significance, results, and importance to an individual's work, and it is based on careful empirical assessment.

Aims:

The aim of the study was to assess the effect of CA exercises on the quality of preclinical tooth preparation skills and the confidence level of undergraduate dental students.

Settings and Design:

This was a randomized control study conducted at a private dental college in Kanpur rural region, Uttar Pradesh.

Subjects and Methods:

One hundred and forty-three student volunteers were randomly divided into CA (CA; n = 78) and control (C; n = 65) groups. Both groups were given a conventional lecture and video demonstrations; the CA group also gave CA exercises. Six evaluators assessed the incisor, canine, premolar, and molar preparations made by all students.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Descriptive statistics were used to describe the groups across all parameters. An independent samples t-test was conducted to compare the eight parameters of the two groups.

Results:

The mean overall scores assigned to the CA group by all evaluators were significantly higher (independent t-test, P < 0.05) than the C group for incisor (CA: 6.19 ± 1.28, C: 5.34 ± 1.86), canine (CA: 5.88 ± 1.37, C: 4.94 ± 1.68), premolar (CA: 5.88 ± 1.09, C: 4.73 ± 1.19), and molar (CA: 5.94 ± 1.63, C: 5.39 ± 0.04) teeth. The CA group also demonstrated a significant increase in self-confidence over that of the C group (repeated measures general linear model F = 7.886, P = 0.0421).

Conclusions:

Critical assessment activities greatly enhanced undergraduate dental students' preclinical tooth preparation abilities, as well as their confidence level.
Role of internet on overall development of knowledge and attitude among undergraduate, postgraduate students, and staff members in a dental institution – A questionnaire-based study
Authors: Daga Apoorva Bhargava , Nahar Prashant , Singh Mohit Pal , Daga Deeptanshu , Sharma Pallavi , Fanda Komal
Published: December 2021

Introduction:

Everyone nowadays needs access to the Internet for recreational and educational purposes. The goal of this study was to find out how undergraduate, postgraduate, and college faculty members use the Internet for various purposes.

Materials and Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted by preparing 18 questions in 240 participants with the help of a semi-structured, pretested questionnaire, 7 closed-ended and the rest multiple-choice questionnaire containing demographic information, information related to Internet addiction test questions, undergraduate, postgraduate, and faculty members of the college were selected and evaluated.

Results and Observations:

This study revealed that the Internet was used as a source of learning for all the groups. Mainly undergraduates use the Internet for entertainment and educational purposes both. Postgraduates, apart from these, also used the Internet for their research work. Staff members used it for all the reasons mentioned above and used email, learning exercises, and teaching purposes.

Conclusion:

The Internet not only provides a great source of entertainment and information, but it is also essential for the exchange of information, social communication, education, banking, business, shopping, administration, and proper evaluation of data sources. It is a constantly changing phenomenon that is getting more and more ingrained into our daily life.
Nonsyndromic dentin genetic diseases
Authors: Desai Vela D. , Chitguppi Rajeev
Published: December 2021

Genetic disorders of the dentin are known for several years, and reviews have been published mainly in the form of case reports. Dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) is a disease characterized by an abnormal formation and abnormal structure of the dentin, generally affecting both primary and permanent dentition. The only epidemiological data available were published in 1975 by Witkop, who estimated the incidence of dentinogenesis imperfecta to be between 1/6000 and 1/8000. We present a case of DI III with an unusual presentation of rhizomegaly, dilacerations of the root, and taurodontism, seldom reported in the English literature for any genetic disorder of dentin. Clinical management is challenging in such cases, as the literature mentions that only an early diagnosis and early treatment with periodic follow-up can help improve the quality of life. Psychological and genetic counseling along with a multidisciplinary approach is mandatory for the cases such as the one presented here. Patient education and motivation had a paramount role in making the patient accept the treatment.
Digital versus conventional impression technique for flabby ridge in complete denture construction
Authors: Gamal Elkafrawy Mohammed M. , Asal Safa'a Alsayed , El-Sheikh Ali Mohamed
Published: December 2021

Background

In the presence of flabby tissue, manufacturing a stable denture becomes a challenge. Flabby ridges will be easily displaced under occlusal stresses owing to unfavorable support, resulting in compromised denture retention. Intraoral digital impression has not been exposed to deal with this problem.

Purpose

To compare intraoral digital impression versus conventional selective pressure impression technique for maxillary flabby ridge registration in complete denture construction regarding soft tissue assessment.

Patients and methods

This crossover study enrolled seven completely edentulous patients with a localized maxillary anterior flabby ridge. Each patient received two identical maxillary complete dentures opposing one mandibular complete denture. The first denture was constructed using intraoral scanning of the edentulous maxillary ridge then compressing only the healthy tissues by 0.25 mm using Exocad software to simulate selective pressure technique, the second denture was constructed through conventional selective pressure impression technique. Each maxillary denture was subjectively evaluated for soft tissue response at 15 days and 3 months with 15 days rest period in between, data was statistically analyzed using χ2 test.

Results

There was statistically significant difference between the two maxillary dentures regarding soft tissue assessment in favor of the second maxillary denture.

Conclusion

Prosthodontist must pay more attention during intraoral scanning of edentulous arch due to lack of anatomical landmarks. More and more attention must be paid during intraoral scanning of edentulous ridges with flabby tissues due to the difference in the degree of mucosa compressibility.
Age-specific effects of ozone on pneumonia in Korean children and adolescents: a nationwide time-series study
Authors: Kim Kyoung-Nam , Lim Youn-Hee , Bae Sanghyuk , Song In Gyu , Kim Soontae , Hong Yun-Chul
Published: December 2021

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to estimate the age-specific effects of 8-hour maximum ozone levels on pneumonia in children and adolescents.METHODS: We performed quasi-Poisson regression analyses for individuals of 0-4 years, 5-9 years, 10-14 years, and 15-19 years of age using nationwide time-series data from the Korea (2011-2015). We constructed distributed lag linear models employing a generalized difference-in-differences method and controlling for other air pollutants.RESULTS: A 10.0-parts per billion increase in 8-hour maximum ozone levels was associated with a higher risk of hospital admissions due to pneumonia at 0-4 (relative risk [RR], 1.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 1.03) and 5-9 years of age (RR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.08), but not at 10-14 (RR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.98 to 1.04) or 15-19 years of age (RR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.97 to 1.06). The association between ozone and hospital admissions due to pneumonia was stronger in cool seasons (from November to April) than in warm seasons (from May to October), but was similar between boys and girls.CONCLUSIONS: Short-term exposure to ozone was associated with a higher risk of pneumonia at 0-4 years and 5-9 years of age, but not at 10-14 years or 15-19 years of age. Our findings can help identify vulnerable periods, determine the target populations for public health interventions, and establish air pollution standards.
Effectiveness of Google Classroom and Edmodo in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic among pharmacy students of Health Polytechnic of Health Ministry Kupang, Indonesia
Authors: Tenda Priska Ernestina , Hilaria Maria , Upa Muhamad Satria Pua , Rahmat Emanuel Gerald Alan
Published: December 2021

Objective: This study aims to determine the effectiveness of using Google Classroom and Edmodo in online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic.
Method: This research is quantitative research. The sample was pharmacy students of the Health Polytechnic of Ministry of Health in Kupang of 2019 and 2020 cohort, with a total of 145 people. Data were collected using a questionnaire.   
Results: One hundred and twelve (72%) students stated that the use of Google Classroom in online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic had been effective, thirty-two (22%) students stated that the learning was very effective, and eleven (6%) students stated that the learning was not effective because they were confused by the available features. They also need a stable internet network, especially when downloading learning video materials. Student assessments using the Edmodo learning media showed one hundred and one (69%) students said it was effective, twenty-six (18%) students said it was very effective, and eight (13%) stated that it was not effective because of difficulty of reading features in English and there was no direct online syntax available on Edmodo.   
Conclusion: The results showed that Google Classroom and Edmodo could be effectively applied in online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic.
AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY TO EVALUATE VASTRARANJANA IN ARTAVAPAREEKSHA
Authors: Nair Devi S , Kumari Nisha
Published: December 2021

Objectives: Menstrual problems and infertility are the major problems affecting society nowadays. It can occur due to many reasons namely pathology of Garbhashaya, Artavavaha Dhamani, Dushta Artava etc. For the evalu- ation of structural abnormalities, various technologies like USG, HSG, Hormonal assay etc. are available. But no methods were developed yet to check the purity of Artava. In this background, the Vastraranjana concept men- tioned in the context of Shudha Rakta Lakshana can be considered as a useful tool for diagnosing Artava Dushti. The practicality of this Pareeksha if proved it envisages a new and simple diagnostic tool in Ayurveda. Methods- Menstrual blood samples-stained cotton clothes were washed, and changes were noted. Results- Dushita Artava was found to be causing a stain on the cloth. Conclusion- Changes in the character of Dosha produces Soshana Vidaha Ghanatha etc. of Artava which involve a change in pH, viscosity like elements creating a stain on the cloth.
Keywords: Artava Pareeksha, Vastra Ranjana, Menstrual Cycle
CLINICAL EVALUATION OF MATRA BASTI OF VARUN TAILA AND KANCHNAR GUGGULU IN VATASTHEELA (BPH)
Authors: Gautam Amit Kumar , Ansari Kainat , Mahajan Ketan , Gupta Sachin
Published: December 2021

Background and Objective: BPH is a senile disorder, which leads to urinary symptoms like incomplete empty- ing, urgency etc. 90 % of the males over 80 years of age have histological evidence of BPH. Acharya Sushruta has described Vatastheela, as a type of Mutraghata. Owing to the various medical and surgical complications while treating the disease, an Ayurvedic approach using classical medicines in the management of BPH is re- quired. This study was conducted clinical evaluation of Matra Basti of Varun Taila and Kanchnar Guggulu in Vatastheela (BPH). Aim: In this clinical study the aim was to evaluate the effects of Matra Basti of Varun Taila and Kanchnar Guggulu in the management of Vatastheela (BPH). Material and Methods: Random selection of patients was done from OPD of Shalya Tantra Patanjali Ayurved Hospital Haridwar. The study is approved by the ethics and research committee of the same institute vide its latter no PAC/IEC/2018-19/04 and CTRI Registrationnumber CTRI/ 2020/11/029404. Based on the Inclusion and exclusion criteria a total of 30 patients were selected. Kanchnar Guggulu 2 TAB BD for 3 months and Varun Talia 72 ml Matra Basti for 1week. Observation: As- sessment was made on subjective and objective parameters. Observations were recorded before and after treat- ment. The grading of parameters was used for statistical analysis. Results: The results showed marked relief in subjective and objective parameters. Moreover, this therapy was well accepted by all patients and did not cause any hindrance in their daily routine work during period of management. Conclusion: We can conclude that the effects of Matra Basti of Varun Taila and Kanchnar Guggulu were significant and free from any complication. Since this study was on small size sample further evaluation is needed to be done and study should be repeated with large sample for longer duration for its establishment.
Keywords: Varun Taila, Kanchnar Guggulu, Vatastheela, BPH.
A COMPARATIVE CLINICAL STUDY FOR THE EVALUATION OF SNUHI KSHEERA-HARIDRA CHOORNA LEPA AND DEVADALYADI LEPA IN ARSHAS (2ND DEGREE HAEMORRHOID
Authors: K. L Karthika , Bhat Manjunatha
Published: December 2021

Today Ano-rectal diseases have emerged as a quite common occurrence with progressive nature. According to the Ayurvedic concept, the aetiology of Arsha is interconnected with Mandagni of the patients. Arsha is a kind of disease that is most unkind towards mankind. A few important causes are sedentary lifestyle, irregular bowel habit, low fibre diet, prolonged straining, sedentary job, suppression of natural urges is some of the causative factors at present. It is a Mamsakeela that obstructs the Gudamarga and thus tortures the patient like an enemy. It can be co-related to haemorrhoids in modern science, the most common ailments of the rectum and anal canal. Intermittent symbolization and embarrassment make people neglect the early stages of haemorrhoids and ultimately end up in complications. The four therapeutic measures of Arshas include Bheshaja chikistha, Shastra karma, Kshara karma, and Agnikarma. Lepa is the foremost effective Bheshaja Chikistha yet less practised and demands further exploration. So based on Arsha Adhyaya of Susrutha Samhita and Arshoghnaadhyaya of Rasa ratnasamucchaya, the present study is intended to evaluate Snuhi ksheera – Haridra Choorna Lepa and Devadalyadi lepa in Arshas.
Keywords: Haemorrhoids, Arshas, Snuhi Ksheera- Haridra Choorna Lepa, Devadalyadi Lepa
AN OPEN CLINICAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE COMBINED EFFECT OF JANUBASTHI AND MATRA BASTHI WITH SAIREYAKA TAILA IN JANUSANDHIGATAVATA W.S.R TO OSTEOARTHRITIS OF KNEE JOINT
Authors: Masimade Diksha , Sugur Rajesh , Doddabasayya Doddabasayya
Published: December 2021

Basti is considered the best modality of treatment in managing the disorders of Vata Dosha. As Sandhigatavata is also one among Vatavyadhi, Basti is the effective line of treatment, which is characterized by swelling, pain during flexion and extension of joints. Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative joint condition with a prevalence of about 22% to 39% in India. There is a steady rise in prevalence from age 30 such that by age 65, 80% of people will have radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis. It is caused by the degradation of the joints, the articular cartilages and subchondral bone. It is characterized by pain, stiffness and loss of flexibility of joints.1 By foregoing, Sandhi- gatavata can be readily correlated to Osteoarthritis. In contemporary medical science, they use NSAIDs for control of the symptoms. Acharya Sushrutha and Acharya Charaka have mentioned Snehana (Oleation) as a line of treat- ment in Sandhigatavata. So here an attempt is made through Janubasthi and Matrabasthi using Saireyaka Taila2 mentioned in Gada Nigraha under Vata Vyadhi for treating Janusandhigatavata in specific. Method: This study is an open-label, observational and clinical study containing 30 patients, who were posted for Janu Basti and Matra Basti with Saireyaka Taila for 9 days. The assessment was carried out before treatment, during treatment (5th day), after treatment (on 10th day) and after following up (28th day) and the gradings were noted. Results: Out of 30 patients in this study, 5 patients (17%) were getting Moderate Improvement and 25 patients (83%) were gettingGood Improvement. The overall effect of the treatment is 69.44%. Conclusion: It is concluded that the combined effect of Janubasti and Matrabasti with Saireyaka Taila is clinically and statistically significant in almost all the parameters.
Keywords: Janu Basti, Matra Basti, Sandhivata, Osteoarthritis, Saireyaka Taila.
A REVIEW ON THE CONCEPT OF TRIVIDHA PARIKSHA AND ITS IMPORTANCE
Authors: Singh Akanksha , Asthana Alok Kumar , Asthana Monika
Published: December 2021

To discover the root cause of disease in Ayurveda, certain examinations are mandatory to be conducted. In today’s clinical practice diagnosis of a disease is very crucial. Proper examination of patient and disease is the path to suc- cessful clinical practice. This helps to build up a doctor-patient relationship. Trividha Pariksha viz. Aptopadesha, Pratyaksha, Anumana and Darshana, Sparshana, Prashana are the two different aspects of Trividhapariksha which help to achieve the above-mentioned goals. There are various methods of examination explained in our treatises, but Trividha Pariksha holds the basis of all among them. That plays a central role in the diagnosis of disease. Therefore, an effort is made through this article to review the importance of Trividha Pariksha and its relevance in today’s clinical practice. Various literature, published articles, and other documents were studied thoroughly, and a conclusion was made. Though we have various examinations and diagnostic methodologies, Trividha Pariksha is base for all of them and still holds great importance in the diagnosis and management of the disease. Keywords: Trividha Pariksha, Pariksha.
CRITIQUE ON JALODARARI RASA - A MIGHTY HEPATOPROTECTOR
Authors: Zama Ayesha , Chavan Ravi. R.
Published: December 2021

Ayurveda is the oldest methodical branch of knowledge that speaks its reality in the sketch of philosophy. It comprises most scientific milieu of derivation. As per ancient Ayurveda scholars for getting a desirable outcome of any medication, it should be precisely analysed before prescribing to the patient. There are several classical formulations successfully practised by Ayurveda physicians for treating various ailments, and also there are few unexplored but potent formulations that need the attention of practitioners to come to light. The present study is based to collaborate various references as well as the Pharmacological importance and mechanism of action of a distinctive hepatoprotection Jalodarari Rasa. The most common manifestation of liver dysfunction is ascites, and the most common cause of ascites is liver disease. Ascites is the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneum. Despite advanced medical facilities still, there is no definite treatment that cures a patient of ascites completely. The modern treatments only provide provisional relief with time dependant recurrence but, the fluid gets collected in the abdominal cavity repeatedly. In such cases, Ayurvedic treatment gives relief without any side effects and can be correlated with Jalodara, mentioned in Ayurvedic medical science.
Jalodarari Rasa is a herbomineral preparation that is depicted in Bhaishajya Ratnavali Udararogaprakarana, its fundamental constitution being Jayapala, Tamra bhasma, pippali, maricha which are all having lekhana- pachana-bhedana action and thereby useful to evacuate the excess accumulated fluid which is needed to counteract Jalodara. Hence, here an attempt has been made to address the detailed review of Jalodarari rasa.
Keywords: Ascites, hepatoprotective, Ayurveda
ĀKĀRAKARA AS DERMAL ANAESTHETIC
Authors: K.G Bhavya , M. J George
Published: December 2021

Nowadays, the role of local anaesthesia in the surgical field is highly appraisable. Local anaesthetics are the drugs that produce a loss of sensation over the localised areas without producing a loss of consciousness. Humans have been using various methods to block pain for thousands of years. Controlling pain during the śhastrakarma in śalyatantra has been always challenging. There has been the introduction of various methods of local anaesthetics since the origin of medical science, topical anaesthetics being one of them. Studies have been conducted to discover novel anaesthetic agents by various scholars. Herbal extracts do not stand far in the pathway of this search. Owing to these discoveries, 30% ethanolic extract gel of Ākārakara (Spilanthes calva DC.) is selected here as a topical anaesthetic to evaluate the efficacy in facilitating the management of warts by a painful procedure agnikarma.
Keywords: Dermal anaesthetic, Ākārakara, Spilanthol
AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS (AMAVATA): A CASE STUDY
Authors: Patel Bhoomika , Srivastava Sanjay
Published: December 2021

Rheumatoid Arthritis is an auto‐immune and most common persistent inflammatory disease occurring throughout the world in all ethnic groups with a male to female ratio of 1:3. In Indian System of Medicine, it resembles with Amavata, which was the first time described in Madhava Nidan as a separate clinical entity in the 7th century and characterised by Angamard (Pain), Aruchi (Anorexia), Trishna (Thirst), Alasya (Laziness), Gaurava (Stiffness), Jwara (Fever), Apaka (Indigestion), Angashunta (Swelling) etc. In modern medicine, treatment has limitations due to its side effects, whereas in Ayurveda, its effective management is detailed for its different states. Eranda Tail and Saindhavadi Tail Basti under Panchakarma procedures play a significant role in the management of Amavata. In the present case study, a 47years old female with a diagnosed history of RA has given a Combination of interventions includes Deepana, Pachana, Baluka Sweda, Eranda Taila and Saindhavhadi Taila Anuvasana Basti for 16 days along with Shaman Chikitsa (conservative treatment). At the end of the management, 60 % im- provement was observed in the overall effect of therapy.
Keywords: Amavata, Rheumatoid arthritis, Baluka Sweda, Eranda Taila, Saindhvadi taila Anuvasana Basti.
AYURVEDIC MANAGEMENT OF STANAGRANTHI W.S.R TO FIBROADENOMA OF BREAST- A SINGLE CASE STUDY
Authors: Sirigere Nikitha , C.D Mahesh , Pavitra Pavitra
Published: December 2021

The most common benign tumour of the female breast is fibroadenoma which is most common in young women under the age of 30. It accounts for approximately 25% of all lesions in asymptomatic women. It is a new growth formed of both fibrous and glandular tissues. This tumour is said to develop as the result of increased sensitivity of a focal area of the breast to estrogen. This tumour most commonly presented as a painless, slowly growing, solitary lump in the breast. In modern medicine after a systemic review of available conservative management like hormonal therapy, keeping in mind the side effect of hormonal treatment, surgeries like lumpectomy and mastectomy becomes the ideal option which also has its own physical and psychological impact on women’s life. A balanced and rational approach to the management of fibroadenoma of the breast needs to address the crucial questions about its associ- ation with breast cancer, which is ideally done by imaging techniques like mammography where fibroadenoma appears as a distinct area from other breast tissue, with smooth round edges and breast ultrasound where it is typi- cally seen as well-circumscribed, round to ovoid or macro lobulated mass or if necessary, a minimally invasive biopsy may be performed via a core needle biopsy i.e., FNAC. According to Ayurveda, this can be correlated toGranthi explained by many Acharya’s which develop due to abnormal vitiation of Dosha and Dushya. According to Acharya Charaka, Granthi can be equated with all types of small-sized glandular or nodular swelling in any part of the body due to benign tumours or cysts. There is no direct reference for Stana Granthi but Mamsaja Granthi occurs in Stana is having a close resemblance with fibroadenoma of the breast. So, in the present study, a patient with fibroadenoma was successfully treated by Ayurvedic management of tab Kanchanara guggulu and abyanga with Chandana bala lakshadi taila which got the significant result.
Keywords: Abyanga, Estrogen, Fibroadenoma, Granthi, Mammography, Ultrasound.
A CLINICAL REVIEW OF TILA TAIL MATRA BASTI IN THE MANAGEMENT OF GRIDHRASI W.S.R TO SCIATICA
Authors: C.S. Tanmane , S. Wagh , T. P. Petkar
Published: December 2021

Gridhrasi(Sciatica) is Vataj Nanatmajvyadhi, having shifting pain in lower limb radiating from Sphik, Prushtha and affecting Uru, Janu, Jangha and Pada in order. Gridhrasi is of two types 1) Vataj: characterized by severe pain 2) Vata-Kaphaja: has symptoms Tandra, Gaurav and Aruchi. Basti is most common among Panchakarma due to its multiple effects. Pitta and Kapha are dependent on Vata as it governs their functions. Basti is not only best for Vata disorders, but also equally effective in correcting the morbid Pitta, Kapha and Vata. Charaka Acharya has considered Basti therapy as half of the treatment of all disease. Matrabasti is subtype of Anuvasan Basti. It is administered in very small amount and hence is very convenient in present day life. All acharya has explained about Matrabasti and considered safe and useful in many conditions where other varieties of Basti are contraindicated. It is specially used to treat various Vataja disorders. Signs and symptoms of Ghridrasi are relived when treated with Tila Tail Matra Basti.
Keyword: Gridhrasi, Matrabasti, Sciatica, Nanatmaj Vyadhi, Anuvasanbasti, Vataja disorders, Tila Tail.
A Review on Biodiesel Properties and Fatty acid composites
Authors: Chidambaram P K , Amol Lokhande , Ramachandran M , Vimala Saravanan , Vidhya Prasanth
Published: December 2021

Biodiesel is a vegetable oil, Animal fat or recycled grease is a locally produced renewable, biodegradable material Is the fuel. ... Renewable diesel, also known as "green diesel" different from biodiesel. Biodiesel is a liquid fuel, mostly P100 or
pure biodiesel Indicates in its pure, unadulterated form. The problem is that we cannot even produce oil for the needs of our own citizens. We have been importing oil from other countries to meet the demand. Under such circumstances biodiesel could not be produced from cooking oils like other countries. Biodiesel Petroleum is a locally made, clean, combustible, renewable alternative to Diesel. Using biodiesel as a vehicle fuel improves energy saving, air quality and the environment Provides security. Biodiesel Petroleum Diesel cleans combustible domestically. Is a renewable alternative.
Using biodiesel as a vehicle fuel is energy Improves storage and air quality and improves the environment and safety benefits Provides. Biodiesel transesterification is made from oils or fats and is very common in Europe. In its pure form (B100) it is used as a fuel for vehicles Used, but also from particles, carbon monoxide and diesel-powered vehicles. It is commonly used as diesel Addition that reduces the amount of hydrocarbons. Biodiesel is Petroleum is direct replacement for diesel and can be used in any diesel engine without any modification. ... Up to 75% of the total emissions from using
biodiesel in a diesel engine can be reduced. Diesel vehicle engine wear and excess lubrication will naturally last longer. Audi, BMW, Porsche and Volkswagen are all diesel Offer models, and all can use biodiesel blends. Most in the United States Biodiesel fuels are made from soybean oil. Yes, in biodiesel, it is may be true. As an alternative fuel, such as gasoline and fossil fuels, biodiesel is a precursor to biofuels made from renewable fuels based on animal or vegetable fat. Also, used cooking oil (UCO) can be used effectively to produce bibfuls and is of great use in diesel vehicles.
A study on Carbon Fiber Based Polymer Rein Force composites
Authors: Chidambaram P K , Amol Lokhande , Ramachandran M , Nathiya M , Mathivanan G.
Published: December 2021

Functional compounds are materials with mechanical integrity, whose functional properties can be achieved, enhanced orenhanced by a combination of two or more components. ... Non-functional carbon material and two- and three-dimensional
materials. Energy conversion and storage materials and structures. Compounds are generally characterized compounds (CAMCs). Polymer Matrix - Polymer matrix compounds (PMC) can be divided into three subtypes: thermoses, thermoplastic and rubber. A polymer is a large molecule formed by repeating structural units bonded by covalent chemical bonds. Structural compounds are engraved products made of plastic, wood, glass or carbon fiber materials. Developed or extruded products have applications such as exterior floors, rails, fences, natural wood, cladding, sidewall, molding, trim and window or door frames. Structural compounds are engraved products made of plastic, wood, glass or carbon fiber materials. Developed or extruded products have applications such as exterior floors, rails, and fences, natural wood, cladding, sidewall, molding, trim and window or door frames. A particle is not a long dimension. Particle compounds the particles of one substance are scattered in the the second object team. Particles can have any shape and size, but generally spherical, a particle composite is classified as a group of suspended particles. Particles can have any shape, size or structure. Examples of well-known particle composites are concrete and particle board.
Haters vs. lovers on Facebook
Authors: Vučković Milica
Published: December 2021

This paper tries to answer what is the dominant sentiment of comments that users leave on the Facebook fan pages of politicians in power. To answer this question, first the auto-code sentiment analysis of nearly 44,000 comments posted on the Facebook fan page of former US president Barack Obama was conducted. Secondly, content analysis was conducted on 2,411 comments posted on former Croatian president Ivo Josipović’s Facebook fan page. The results of auto-code sentiment analysis showed that examined comments in Obama’s case were mostly neutral and positive, while negative sentiment was the least represented in Obama’s case. The results of content analysis in the Croatian case revealed that the dominant sentiment of all comments was also positive. Finally, it was revealed that the response rate in both cases was zero, what tells us that Obama and Josipović used Facebook only for top-down communication, while the interactive potential of Facebook was neglected.
Novas diretrizes frente ao envelhecimento: diversidades, cuidados, inclusão e visibilidade
Authors:   Adriana Schuler Cavalli,   Anna Quialheiro Abreu da Silva,   Manoel Freire de Oliveira Neto,   Rodrigo Caetano Arantes,   Sheila Marta Carregosa Rocha,   Vitória Regina Quirino de Araújo,   Glauce Suely Jácome da Silva,   Verbena Santos Araújo,   Nayana Pinheiro Tavares
Published: December 2021

O ano de 2021 certamente foi de desafios mas não incertezas. Ainda não resgatamos a liberdade e o contato “aberto” com forte abraço com os idosos, porém debruçamo-nos a estudar, aprofundarmos nos estudos, na pesquisa e estender o máximo de nós para eles. Tivemos novamente uma experiência online e nos sentimos tão perto que chegou a aquecer o coração. Este e-book está composto por mais de 40 trabalhos com muita qualidade, dedicação e atenção à população que envelhece ao nosso redor. Trabalhos que permearam reflexões, percepções, olhares somados a muita experiência, vivência e práticas. Da observação ao tratamento do idosos, da formação às condições de trabalho dos profissionais dedicados a melhorar a saúde, o XVIII Congresso Internacional de Envelhecimento Humano ancorou seus dias nas Novas diretrizes frente ao envelhecimento. Falamos de diversidades e não com olhar (in)diferente mas sim com a premissa de multiplicidade. Cuidado não faltou, desde a preparação do evento, que iniciou em 15/12/2020 até um abraço virtualmente recebido da nossa magnífica apresentadora Ana Célia em 13/11/2021. Não nos faltou inclusão pois o formato online possibilitou olhares de participantes ao redor do mundo e de todo o Brasil para dar visibilidade àquilo que a pandemia evidenciou fortemente: o idoso tem necessidades específicas! Espero que, nesta leitura, você possa extrair a essência de cada equipe de trabalho, a ciência por trás de cada objetivo, o cuidado nos detalhes de cada metodologia e a seriedade na apresentação dos resultados alcançados. Desejo a você uma leitura fixe :) (fixe é um termo usado em Portugal para algo agradável e tem qualidade positiva) Dra. Anna Quialheiro PhD em Saúde Coletiva
A EXPERIÊNCIA DA PSICOTERAPIA NA TERCEIRA IDADE: UMA ANÁLISE A PARTIR DA TERAPIA DE ACEITAÇÃO E COMPROMISSO
Authors: ARAÚJO PIMENTEL DE MEDEIROS ANTÔNIO GABRIEL , SPENCER HARTMANN JÚNIOR JOSÉ ANTÔNIO
Published: December 2021

ESTIMA-SE QUE SINTOMAS DEPRESSIVOS EM IDOSOS, NO BRASIL, ACOMETAM MAIS DE 30% DESSA POPULAÇÃO. COM O FENÔMENO DEMOGRÁFICO DO ENVELHECIMENTO E O POTENCIAL INCAPACITANTE DO TRANSTORNO, É IMPORTANTE ATENTAR ÀS PRÁTICAS NO CAMPO DA SAÚDE PARA ESTA POPULAÇÃO. NA PSICOLOGIA, AS TERAPIAS COGNITIVO-COMPORTAMENTAIS (TCC) VÊM GANHANDO ESPAÇO NO CAMPO DA PESQUISA COM IDOSOS, MAS AINDA É UM MOVIMENTO EM PROCESSO DE AMADURECIMENTO. O PRESENTE TRABALHO É UM ESFORÇO NESTA DIREÇÃO, COM O OBJETIVO DE APRESENTAR UM RECORTE QUALITATIVO DE UMA PESQUISA PILOTO EM QUE FORA EXPERIMENTADO UM PROTOCOLO DE PSICOTERAPIA COGNTIVO-COMPORTAMENTAL BASEADO NA TERAPIA DE ACEITAÇÃO E COMPROMISSO DE 12 SESSÕES, BATIZADO DE KAIRÓS. BUSCOU-SE COMPREENDER A EXPERIÊNCIA DA PSICOTERAPIA DAS PARTICIPANTES. AO TODO, NOVE IDOSAS, COM MÉDIA DE 69 ANOS, PARTICIPARAM DA PESQUISA. AO FIM DO PROTOCOLO, DE UMA ENTREVISTA SEMIESTRUTURADA ACERCA DE SUAS EXPERIÊNCIAS EM PSICOTERAPIA. APÓS A TRANSCRIÇÃO, OS ESCRITOS FORAM SUBMETIDOS A UMA ANÁLISE DE CONTEÚDO. AO FIM DA ANÁLISE, CINCO CATEGORIAS FORAM SUSCITADAS E DISCUTIDAS: SINTOMATOLOGIA, RELAÇÕES MARITAIS, RELAÇÕES INTERGERACIONAIS, AUTONOMIA E PROTOCOLO KAIRÓS. PODE-SE CONCLUIR QUE A EXPERIÊNCIA FORA POSITIVA, QUALIFICANDO AS RELAÇÕES, ABRINDO NOVAS PERSPECTIVAS, DEVOLVENDO AUTOESTIMA, TRABALHANDO NA REMISSÃO DOS SINTOMAS COM VIÉS PREVENTIVO E PROMOTOR DE SAÚDE MENTAL.
A PSICOGERONTECNOLOGIA COMO COADJUVANTE NA PROMOÇÃO DA INTERGERACIONALIDADE: UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA
Authors: DE OLIVEIRA AURELIANO RODRIGO , CHAGAS SOBRAL ELBA , DE SOUZA BRITO DIAS CRISTINA MARIA
Published: December 2021

O OBJETIVO GERAL DESTE CAPÍTULO FOI DESCREVER, UTILIZANDO-SE DE UM RELATO DE EXPERIÊNCIA, DE FORMA PRÁTICA A TEMÁTICA DA PSICOGERONTECNOLOGIA. ENTENDE-SE QUE O TEMA ABRANGE AS QUESTÕES RELACIONADAS AO PROCESSO DE ENVELHECIMENTO, TRANSPASSADO PELOS ELEMENTOS PSICOLÓGICOS E TECNOLÓGICO, NA PRODUÇÃO DE EXPERIÊNCIAS, RELACIONAMENTOS E VIVÊNCIAS DAS PESSOAS IDOSAS EM MÚLTIPLOS CONTEXTOS. UTILIZOU-SE COMO MÉTODO UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA CLÁSSICA E CONTEMPORÂNEA, ALÉM DE UM AMPLO RECORTE DE ARTIGOS DISPONÍVEIS EM PORTAIS E BIBLIOTECAS DIGITAIS SOBRE O TEMA. ESPECIFICAMENTE BUSCOU-SE RELACIONAR A PSICOGERONTECNOLOGIA COM A PROMOÇÃO DA INTERGERACIONALIDADE E TRANSGERACIONALIDADE QUE OCORRE ENTRE AVÓS E NETOS. COMO CONCLUSÃO, PERCEBEU-SE QUE A UTILIZAÇÃO DA TECNOLOGIA PODE ATUAR COMO COADJUVANTE NAS RELAÇÕES ENTRE GERAÇÕES E ESPECIFICAMENTE NA PRODUÇÃO DE EXPERIÊNCIAS, PROPORCIONANDO APOIO NA MANUTENÇÃO DOS VÍNCULOS INTERGERACIONAIS.
QUALIDADE DE VIDA RELACIONADA À SAÚDE DE MULHERES IDOSAS EM TRATAMENTO DE CÂNCER DE MAMA
Authors: DE CARVALHO VIANA LIA RAQUEL , RODRIGUES SALVIANO FERREIRA GERLANIA , DE ABREU FREITAS STHEPHANIE , NEYLA DE FREITAS MACEDO COSTA KATIA
Published: December 2021

OBJETIVO: AVALIAR A QUALIDADE DE VIDA RELACIONADA À SAÚDE DE MULHERES IDOSAS EM TRATAMENTO DE CÂNCER DE MAMA. MÉTODO: ESTUDO TRANSVERSAL, DESCRITIVO, COM ABORDAGEM QUANTITATIVA, REALIZADO COM 57 MULHERES IDOSAS EM TRATAMENTO DE CÂNCER DE MAMA. A COLETA DE DADOS OCORREU DURANTE OS MESES DE JUNHO A NOVEMBRO DE 2019, POR MEIO DE UM INSTRUMENTO SEMIESTRUTURADO PARA OBTENÇÃO DE DADOS SOCIODEMOGRÁFICOS E CLÍNICOS E OS QUESTIONÁRIOS EUROPEAN ORGANIZATION FOR RESEARCH AND TREATMENT OF CANCER QUALITY OF LIFE QUESTIONNAIRE “CORE” 30 E QUALITY OF LIFE QUESTIONNAIRE – BREAST CANCER 23. OS DADOS FORAM ANALISADOS DE FORMA DESCRITIVA COM O AUXÍLIO DO STATISTICAL PACKAGE FOR THE SOCIAL SCIENCE FOR WINDOWS, VERSÃO 22.0. O PROJETO FOI APROVADO PELO COMITÊ DE ÉTICA EM PESQUISA SOB PARECER Nº 3.293.768. RESULTADOS: NA QUALIDADE DE VIDA GERAL, OBSERVOU-SE QUE AS IDOSAS APRESENTARAM BOA MÉDIA NA ESCALA DE SAÚDE GLOBAL E RAZOÁVEL NA ESCALA FUNCIONAL, DESTACANDO-SE A FUNÇÃO SOCIAL. JÁ A ESCALA DE SINTOMAS APRESENTOU MÉDIA BAIXA, DESTACANDO-SE A DIFICULDADE FINANCEIRA, INSÔNIA, FADIGA E DOR. NO QUESTIONÁRIO ESPECÍFICO, A ESCALA FUNCIONAL APRESENTOU MAIOR MÉDIA, COM DESTAQUE POSITIVO PARA A IMAGEM CORPORAL. NA ESCALA DE SINTOMAS, OS EFEITOS COLATERAIS E OS SINTOMAS DA MAMA FORAM OS QUE MAIS CONTRIBUÍRAM PARA A DETERIORAÇÃO DA QUALIDADE DE VIDA. CONCLUSÃO: A QUALIDADE DE VIDA GLOBAL APRESENTOU-SE BOA, NO ENTANTO, A MESMA SOFRE IMPACTOS DEVIDO AOS EFEITOS COLATERAIS AO TRATAMENTO.
ESTRATÉGIAS UTILIZADAS POR PESSOAS IDOSAS ATIVAS NA VIVÊNCIA DO CONFINAMENTO NO PERÍODO DA PANDEMIA POR COVID-19
Authors: Cassé da Silva Haydêe
Published: December 2021

O OBJETIVO FOI ANALISAR AS ESTRATÉGIAS UTILIZADAS POR PESSOAS IDOSAS ATIVAS VIVIDAS NO PERÍODO DE CONFINAMENTO CAUSADO PELA PANDEMIA POR COVID-19. TRATA-SE ESTUDO EXPLORATÓRIO COM ABORDAGEM QUALITATIVA PARA ANÁLISE DOS DADOS. A AMOSTRA TIPO NÃO-PROBABÍLISTICA FOI COMPOSTA POR DEZ VOLUNTÁRIOS SELECIONADOS POR CONVENIÊNCIA. PARA COLETA DOS DADOS FOI UTILIZADO INSTRUMENTO SEMI-ESTRUTURADO ELABORADO COM ITENS DE INTERESSE. UTILIZOU-SE TÉCNICA DE ENTREVISTA EM AMBIENTE VIRTUAL A PARTIR DO CONTATO COM FACILITADORES DAS ATIVIDADES E AGENDAMENTO COM VOLUNTÁRIOS DE PESQUISA, POR VÍDEO CHAMADA DO SERVIÇO GOOGLE MEET. OS DADOS QUALITATIVOS COLETADOS A PARTIR DAS INFORMAÇÕES DA ENTREVISTA FORAM TRANSCRITOS E PARA ANÁLISE DE CONTEÚDO DO MÉTODO BARDIN. AS IDOSAS TINHAM IDADE MÉDIA DE 67,6 ANOS, MAIORIA DIVORCIADA (50%), DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR COMPLETO (50%), RESIDINDO COM CÔNJUGE (31%) E/OU FILHO (31%) E RELIGIÃO CRISTÃ (90%). ENCONTRARAM-SE QUATRO CATEGORIAS: (1) ESTRATÉGIAS EM AMBIENTE VIRTUAL E DE COMUNICAÇÃO; (2) ESTRATÉGIAS PESSOAIS; (3) ESTRATÉGIAS DOMÉSTICAS E, (4) ESTRATÉGIAS EM FAMÍLIA, DEFINIDAS A PARTIR DAS UNIDADES DE REGISTRO E CONTEXTO SELECIONADAS, EMERGINDO SUBCATEGORIAS EM CADA UMA DELAS. AS PESSOAS IDOSAS BUSCARAM ESTRATÉGIAS/CAMINHOS EM MEIO AO ISOLAMENTO VIVIDO NO PERÍODO DA PANDEMIA POR COVID-19 QUE CONTRIBUÍRAM PARA MANTER O BEM-ESTAR FÍSICO, MENTAL, SOCIAL E ESPIRITUAL. SUGERE-SE ESTUDOS FUTUROS COM AMPLIAÇÃO DA AMOSTRA. ESTE ESTUDO MOSTRA A REALIDADE VIVIDA PELAS PESSOAS IDOSAS NO PERÍODO DE CONFINAMENTO, NORTEANDO PROFISSIONAIS NA EFETIVIDADE DA ASSISTÊNCIA E ALERTANDO GESTORES E AUTORIDADES NA CONDUÇÃO DE PLANEJAMENTOS EFICAZES QUE FAVOREÇA ESTA FATIA DA POPULAÇÃO.
NOTAS SOCIOANTROPOLOGICAS: ENVELHECIMENTO, SEXUALIDADE E FELICIDADE
Authors: CRISTINA FERREIRA DENISE
Published: December 2021

OBJETIVO DESTE ARTIGO É APRESENTAR O TEMA SEXUALIDADE A PARTIR DO VIÉS DA SOCIOLOGIA, DA ANTROPOLOGIA E DA SAÚDE E SUA IMPORTÂNCIA PARA A CHAMADA TERCEIRA IDADE; VERIFICAR DE QUE MANEIRA PODEMOS PENSAR NUMA “BELA VELHICE; PERCEBER AS PRINCIPAIS TEMÁTICAS SOBRE O IDOSO E A SUA QUALIDADE DE VIDA QUE PERPASSA A SEXUALIDADE, A AUTO ESTIMA E A FELICIDADE. MÉTODO: ESTA PESQUISA FOI DESENVOLVIDA A PARTIR DE UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA DE CUNHO DESCRITIVO E EXPLORATÓRIO. FORAM PESQUISADAS REVISTAS DE SAÚDE E ARTIGOS CIENTÍFICOS RELACIONADOS AO TEMA, O QUE RESULTOU NA ANÁLISE DE QUATORZE ARTIGOS PUBLICADOS. RESULTADOS: A PARTIR DA ANÁLISE DE CONTEÚDO FOI PERCEPTÍVEL QUE A SEXUALIDADE DO IDOSO, AINDA É UM TEMA POUCO TRABALHADO; A MESMA AINDA PERPASSA POR PROCESSOS DE PRECONCEITO SOCIAL E DESPREPARO POR PARTE DOS PROFISSIONAIS DA SAÚDE PARA LIDAR COM TAL TEMA. DISCUSSÃO: ATRAVÉS DOS ARTIGOS COMPREENDEMOS QUE OS PROFISSIONAIS DE SAÚDE, SOCIEDADE E A FAMÍLIA AINDA ESTÃO DESPREPARADOS PARA LIDAR COM O TEMA SEXUALIDADE NA TERCEIRA IDADE. CONCLUSÃO: PORTANTO, OS PROFISSIONAIS DA SAÚDE DEVEM PASSAR POR UM PROCESSO DE PREPARAÇÃO PARA ATUAR DE FATO NO CUIDADO COM A SEXUALIDADE DO IDOSO. MOMENTO QUE DEVE SER PENSANDO DESDE O PERÍODO DA GRADUAÇÃO. PROCURANDO, LEVANTAR QUESTIONAMENTOS A RESPEITO DO PAPEL DA SEXUALIDADE DO IDOSO NA SOCIEDADE. ESSA SERIA UMA MANEIRA IMPORTANTE DA ATUAÇÃO DO PROFISSIONAL DE SAÚDE NA INTENÇÃO DE MINIMIZAR AS BARREIRAS QUE SÃO IMPOSTAS PELA SOCIEDADE EM RELAÇÃO À VIDA SEXUAL DO IDOSO.
COMUNICAÇÃO E PROCESSO DE ENVELHECIMENTO: FENÔMENOS QUE SE INTER-RELACIONAM NA SOCIALIZAÇÃO DO(A) IDOSO(A).
Authors: GOMES DA SILVA SIMONE , LITWAK DE ANDRADE CEZAR IÊDA
Published: December 2021

OS FENÔMENOS COMUNICAÇÃO E ENVELHECIMENTO VÊM DESPERTANDO O INTERESSE DE MUITOS ANALISTAS QUE SE DEBRUÇAM PARA COMPREENDÊ-LOS. O ENVELHECIMENTO E A COMUNICAÇÃO SÃO PROCESSOS QUE EXISTEM DESDE OS PRIMÓRDIOS DA HUMANIDADE. O ENVELHECIMENTO É ENTENDIDO COMO UM PROCESSO NATURAL, PRÓPRIO DA CRIATURA HUMANA E A COMUNICAÇÃO COMO UMA CONDIÇÃO BÁSICA PARA ESTABELECER RELAÇÕES ENTRE OS INDIVÍDUOS, NECESSÁRIA A SOBREVIVÊNCIA E DESENVOLVIMENTO HUMANO. CONSIDERANDO AS MÚLTIPLAS INFLUÊNCIAS HISTÓRICAS ACERCA DESSES FENÔMENOS E OS CONTEXTOS ECONÔMICOS, SOCIAIS, POLÍTICOS E CULTURAIS EM QUE SURGEM E EVOLUEM E SUAS INTER-RELAÇÕES, ESSE ARTIGO TEM COMO OBJETIVO, COMPREENDER A DIVERSIDADE DE APRECIAÇÕES ACERCA DESSES FENÔMENOS, SOBRESSAINDO-SE A RELAÇÃO DOS(AS) IDOSO(AS) COM A COMUNICAÇÃO E OS IMPACTOS DAS TECNOLOGIAS DA INFORMAÇÃO E COMUNICAÇÃO (TICS) NO PROCESSO DE COMUNICAÇÃO SOCIAL NO ENVELHECIMENTO. O ESTUDO CARACTERIZA-SE COMO QUALITATIVO E PRIVILEGIOU-SE A REVISÃO TEÓRICA, EXPLORATÓRIA TENDO EM VISTA ESCLARECER CONCEITOS, IDEIAS E AS INTER-RELAÇÕES DOS FENÔMENOS ESTUDADOS. OS RESULTADOS MOSTRAM CONTROVERTIDAS SITUAÇÕES, COM DESTAQUE PARA AS FRAGILIDADES, OU, INSEGURANÇAS DESSE SEGMENTO POPULACIONAL EM ACOMPANHAR OS AVANÇOS E AS MUDANÇAS NAS RELAÇÕES SOCIAIS, EM PARTICULAR, AS DIFICULDADES DE INTERAÇÃO SOCIAL COM A FAMÍLIA DEVIDO AO USO SEM LIMITES DAS NOVAS TICS QUE AFETAM AS INTERAÇÕES SOCIAIS COM OS(AS) IDOSOS(AS). CONSIDERA-SE QUE OS(AS) IDOSOS(AS) SE SENTEM EXCLUÍDOS(AS) DOS RELACIONAMENTOS SOCIAIS, SOBREMANEIRA, DOS FAMILIARES, DEVIDO AO USO DAS TICS PELOS FILHO(AS), NETOS(AS), GENROS, NORAS E OUTROS QUE COMPÕEM O GRUPO FAMILIAR OS QUAIS CONVIVEM.
THE ROLE OF CAP RISK MANAGEMENT IN INCOME STABILISATION: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE OF IST IN SLOVAKIA
Authors:   Faculty of Economics and Management, Department of Finance, Boháčiková Andrea , Bencová Tatiana ,   Faculty of Economics and Management, Department of Finance
Published: December 2021

In the European Commission (EC) proposals for the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) post2020 is emphasized the aim to better support the resilience of agricultural systems in the European Union (EU). This resilience is based on the concern that the agricultural sector should be supported in responding to current and future economic, societal, and environmental challenges and risks. Managing risk in farming includes number of activities and strong effort of farms and policy makers. One part of risk management refers to income stabilisation, aimed at decreasing the unstable financial situation and high level of income volatility in European agriculture. In the EU, every year at least 20% of farmers experience an income loss of more than 30% compared with their average income in the three previous years. The public instruments to mitigate the income risk of farmers included under the Pillar II (insurance premiums, mutual funds, and the Income stabilisation tool) have been implemented only by very low number of EU countries. In the paper, we analyze the ability to decrease the instability of Slovak farmers with the use of Income stabilisation tool of CAP. The Income stabilisation tool (IST) can be used to indemnify the farmers, who experienced a “severe drop” in income, reflecting the income loss of more than 20% or 30% compared to the 3-years average annual income, or the 5-years average annual income, excluding highest and lowest entry (Olympic average). The IST has not been used in the Slovakia, or any other European country operationally so far.