bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The bacterial microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract of dairy cattle: structure, functions, importance (review)
Authors: Lihodeevsky G. A. , Bogatova P. S. , Lihodeevskaya O. E.
Published: April 2024

The review presents the generalized material of experimental studies and review works (114 sources, including 110 foreign) on studying the composition of bacterial microbiota of the gastrointestinal tract in cattle depending on age, clinical condition of animals and level of productivity, shows the influence of the functional activity of microbiota on the formation and development of the organism. The microbiota affects the health and productive qualities of dairy cattle. The bacterial community of the gastrointestinal tract plays a crucial role in the digestive system. This complex system with feedback, where on the one hand, the microbiota is influenced by the genotype of the host, feed base, living conditions, breeding methods, and drugs used, and on the other hand, the microbiota primarily affects plastic and energy metabolism, but also indirectly affects respiratory, urinary, central nervous, and immune systems of the body. Bacterial diversity is laid down during the fetal period, undergoes significant changes during calf growth, and remains stable throughout life, adapting to changing conditions. Modern studies of gastrointestinal diseases are increasingly focusing on the composition of the microbial community, pointing to the dangers of antibiotic use and the need for a transition to probiotic and prebiotic therapy. Productive qualities of cows, such as milk yield and fat and protein content, also depend on the composition of the microbiota.
A perspective fungicide for protection of narrow-leaved lupin from diseases during the growth season
Authors: Pimokhova L. I. , Yagovenko G. L. , Tsarapneva Zh. V. , Misnikova N. V.
Published: April 2024

The article presents the laboratory and field tests results for the effectiveness of the fungicide Protazox SC (suspension concentrate) against anthracnose and other lupin diseases. The tests have been done in Bryansk region in 2020–2022. The study objects were seedlings and vegetative plants of the narrow-leaved lupin Vityaz variety. The effectiveness of protective and curative properties of the fungicide Protazox SC (azoxistrobine + protioconazole + dipheconazole, 200 + 125 + 60 g/l) was tested for 0.5; 1.0 and 1.5 l/ha consumption rates under laboratory conditions. The biological effectiveness was evaluated according to the number of infected seedlings grown in paper-and-plastic rolls compared to the control variant (fungicide free). The maximal rate of the fungicide – 1.5 l/ha – had the highest biological effectiveness of protective and curative properties (98.7 and 97.4 %); this corresponds to the effectiveness of the reference fungicide Kolosal Pro with the using rate of 0.4 l/ha. In a field test the fungicide Protazox at using rate of 1.5 l/ha was applied for lupin crops at the growing stages of “1-2 pairs of true leaves” and “bud formation” of lupin. The fungicide effectiveness was evaluated compared to the control without treatment. Biological effectiveness of the tested fungicide against anthracnose made 95.8 %, it was 4.5 % higher than of the reference fungicide Kolosal Pro. To the stage of “shiny pod” the number of anthracnose infected pods treated with the fungicide Protazox decreased to 1.5 % compared to 26.5 % in the control variant. Fusarium infection of plants decreased from 24.6 % in the control to 12.0 % in the variant with the fungicide. The spread of gray and white rot on beans decreased by 5.0 and 6.7 times, respectively. The viability of productive plants by the harvesting period increased by 41.3 %. Thanks to the application of the fungicide Protazox SC (1.5 l/ha) the significant narrow-leaved lupin seed yield rise of 0.91 t/ha was obtained (LSD05 = 0.04); the cost recovery was 2.56 rubles.
Identification of candidate genes associated with growth and development of sheep from a crossbred population using genome-wide association studies
Authors: Deniskova T. E. , Koshkina O. A. , Petrov S. N. , Sermyagin A. A. , Zinovieva N. A.
Published: April 2024

The article presents the results of a search for genome-wide associations with phenotypic traits characterizing the growth and development of sheep from a crossbred population obtained from crossing Romanov sheep and F1 hybrid rams (Romanov sheep x Katahdin). The phenotype database included ten body measurements (withers height, sacral height, back height, chest depth, chest width, ischial tuberosity width, body length, oblique body length, chest girth, pastern girth) recorded at the age of 6 days, 3, 6 and 9 months. Genotyping of sheep was carried out using high-density DNA chips containing about 600,000 SNP markers. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) were performed using regression analysis in the STATISTICA 10 program. The search for candidate genes localized in the SNP region was performed using Ensembl genome browser 110. There was carried out an analysis of the matches of the identified SNPs with known quantitative trait loci (QTLs) described in the Sheep Quantitative Trait Locus Database. There were found SNPs that were significantly associated with the studied phenotypic traits overlapped with the QTLs, among which the most common categories were “Body weight (slaughter)”, “Muscle weight in carcass”, “Body weight (live)” and “Bone weight in carcass”. There has been established that SNPs significantly associated with exterior traits were localized within or in the immediate vicinity of 64 genes. There were found potential candidates regulating the growth of muscle (FOXO3, PRKAG3, MYOZ2, and ANKRD1) and cartilage tissues FGF12) and involved in metabolic processes, which were critical for the growth of lambs (CLDN, ALB, and MRC1). Along with the known in sheep functional candidates (CAST and SCD5) , there were identified genes that were not previously described in sheep, but regulated growth and development processes in other livestock species including genes RAB28, PRKAG3 and  FOXO3. The identified SNPs can be recommended for inclusion in marker-guided selection programs in sheep breeding.
The influence of a phytobiotic with F. ulmaria extract and lactobacilli on the clinical and physiological status of calves
Authors: Ivanovsky A. A.
Published: April 2024

Purpose of the research: to study the effect of a phytobiotic additive on some clinical and physiological parameters of the body of calves during the dairy period (biochemical and morphological blood parameters, live weight gain and disease resistance). The subject of the study was a phytobiotic with the code name Fitostim, which is based on an extract of meadow-sweet (Filipendula ulmaria (L.) Maxim.) and a lyophilized culture of lactic acid microorganisms. The experiment used Holstein calves, divided into experimental (Fitostim + traditional diet) and control (traditional diet) groups of 12 animals each. Starting from 4 days of age, calves in the experimental group were administered Fitostim daily, individually, orally for 30 days at a dose of 3 grams per head, after dilution in milk. Blood tests for morphological (erythrocytes, leukocytes, hemoglobin, leukoformula) and biochemical parameters (IgG, total protein, albumin, ALT, AST, creatinine) were carried out on the 10th and 30th days of the experiment. By the end of the experiment, in the experimental group of calves, compared with the control, there was an increase in ALT (8.0±0.01 units/l) by 19.4 %, total protein (51.4±0.07 g/l) by 14.7 %, albumin (44.0±0.01 g/l) by 15.4 %, creatinine (41.5±0.001 µmol/l) by 10.9 %, immunoglobulin G (5.9±0.01g /l) by 18 %, leukocytes (7.1±0.02×109/l) by 31 %. The studied morphological blood parameters (leukocytes, erythrocytes, hemoglobin, leukoformula) did not go beyond the reference values. Recovery from enteritis in calves in the experimental group occurred earlier by 1.8±0.3 days than in calves in the control group. Safety of calves is 100 %. The average daily increase in body weight in calves in the experimental group was 0.811±0.12 kg, which was 17.1 % higher than the result in the control.
Development of mechanization of dairy cattle rearing in Russia and the Soviet Union in the first half of the twentieth century
Authors: Vtoryi V. F. , Vtoryi S. V.
Published: April 2024

The study aimed to look into how dairy cattle rearing in Russia and the USSR got technical and technological support in the first half of the twentieth century. At the start of the 20th century, two-thirds of Russian agriculture were small peasant farms. They used manual labor and did not need the costly machines. The consolidation of farms was very slow. Yet it laid the foundation for a shift to mechanized livestock production. The First World War, which began in 1914, followed by the Revolution and the Civil War halted for years the technical development of Russia's agricultural production. In late 20s, the Soviet Union already faced the challenge of producing more agricultural goods. This increase could be possible by starting highly mechanized agricultural enterprises. By 1931, “Soyuzselstroy”, an All-Union Agricultural Construction Association, had prepared standard designs of dairy cattle farms for 100 and 200 heads. They provided for mechanization of main processes of cow housing and care. In 1930-1940, scientists and engineers of the All-Union Institute of Mechanization (VIM) and its branches undertook the creation of cattle farming machinery. This period saw the development and manufacture of a number of machines that made livestock farmers labor easier. The work on setting standards for designing the cow barns started. By 1939, VIM had designed a system of machines and test edit in collective farms. The need for specialized organizations to help collective farms to install and put into operation the livestock equipment became evident. At the same time, training of agricultural engineers started in Leningrad, Moscow and other USSR cities. A Decree by the Council of People's Commissars of the Soviet Union dated July 8, 1939, set a delivery plan of machines and units for livestock farming in 1940. Thus, by 1941 the conditions were created for integrated mechanization of main labor-intensive processes in national animal husbandry. Those days agricultural ecology was not in the focus. With no widespread production of mineral fertilizers in place, application of all manure to soil posed no environmental risk.
SOSYAL HİZMET UZMANLARININ FİNANSAL OKURYAZARLIK DÜZEYLERİNİ ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLERİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: Demirel Aykut Can , Polat Gonca , Purutçuoğlu Eda
Published: April 2024

Araştırmanın amacı sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının finansal okuryazarlık düzeylerinin ve finansal okuryazarlık düzeylerini etkileyen sosyo-demografik faktörlerin incelenmesidir. Araştırmada nicel araştırma desenlerinden ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya aktif olarak çalışma yaşamında olan 430 sosyal hizmet uzmanı katılmıştır. Araştırma verileri anket aracılığı ile toplanmıştır. Anket Sosyo-Demografik Bilgi Formu, Finans Bilgi Testi ve Finansal Okuryazarlık Tutum ve Davranış Ölçeği olmak üzere üç bölümden oluşmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının finansal okuryazarlıklarının orta düzey olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar cinsiyet, medeni durum, bütçe ve tasarruf yapma değişkenlerinin sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının finansal okuryazarlık düzeyleri ile ilişkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Kadınların erkeklere; bekarların ise evlilere göre daha düşük finansal okuryazarlık düzeyine sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca bütçe ve tasarruf yapma sıklığı arttıkça finansal okuryazarlık düzeylerinin arttığı anlaşılmıştır. Diğer taraftan eğitim durumu, yaş, gelir, mesleki deneyim ve borçlanma davranışlarının finansal okuryazarlık düzeylerini etkilemediği saptanmıştır.
Modeling characteristics for surface finish when milling stainless steels using various media
Authors: Vaniev Eldar , Dzhemalyadinov Ruslan , Temindarov Ilyas , Bekirov Eskender
Published: April 2024

Modeling characteristics for surface finish when milling stainless steels using various media (grade steel 12X18H10T) using IOL-20A (industrial oil lubricant), CM-99 (cooling mixture), rapeseed and castor oils and on dry treatment, using the algorithms of the group method of data handling are viewed. The use of various lubricating and cooling technological mixtures (LCTM) is thought of as the theory of metal cutting factor reducing surface undulation. However, the degree of influence of various LCTM, including vegetable oils, when milling steel 12X18H10T has not been determined. The study case of various effects interaction on the milling process has shown that these studies were conducted on the basis of single-phase experiments that do not allow specifying mutual influence of the studied factors on the value of the parameters of the cutting process for various types of treatment. The research methodology provides for modeling surface finish under milling of 12X18H10T steel according to experimental data using various process liquids in the accepted range of cutting modes. At the same time, modern modeling methods allow us to determine these mutual effects. To obtain models, it is urgent, first of all, to be aware of break-in process criterion and dulling tool criterion as well. As a result of processing experimental data for each of processing media, surface finish models in the form of dependencies Ra = f (v, sz, t) were constructed, adequately describing the milling process with various media. It is indicated that the influence of regime parameters on the formation of micro-dimensions take the form of their close interrelation. Their interplay has various effects, depending on the LCTM used for the specified work stock and tool material.
Making Sense of the Model: Interpreting Epistemic Networks and their Projection Space
Authors: Zörgő Szilvia , Árva Dorottya , Eagan Brendan
Published: April 2024

Unified methods enable iteration and dialogue between qualitative data and their quantified form; Epistemic Network Analysis (ENA) is a common tool for modeling such data. Little guidance is available on how to interpret ENA models; we aim to contribute to filling this lacuna. We present approaches to interpreting ENA graphs (node size, connection strength, node proximity, etc.) and the space into which they are projected (plotted point locations, dimensions, etc.). These approaches are then elaborated with an example from an empirical study and contextualized via discussing their limitations and implications.
Proposing a practical taxonomy of misinformation for intervention design
Authors: Enestrom M. Catalina , McKee Turney , Pilat Dan , Krastev Sekoul
Published: April 2024

There has been a recent rise in the dissemination of misinformation worldwide, facilitated by social media and the use of technology, both of which amplify its spread. To inform interventions that can help tackle this issue, researchers have developed various taxonomies to summarize and categorize terms associated with misinformation. These taxonomies tend to focus on a subsection of terms associated with misinformation, such as fake news. In contrast, the present research provides a novel taxonomy that includes a more exhaustive list of types of misinformation based on existing taxonomies and relevant literature. A total of 51 terms were categorized on dimensions that fell under three categories: Psychological (intentionality, profit, ideological), Content (format, manipulation, facticity), and Source (audience, verifiability, agent). This taxonomy provides 9 dimensions that researchers and policymakers can use to better understand the characteristics of terms related to misinformation. In addition, terms can be clustered together so that interventions can be created to tackle like-terms.
Barriers and Opportunities in the Discoverability and Indexing of Student-Led Academic Journals
Authors: Maistrovskaya Mariya
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Student-led journals are not commonly included in academic indexes and databases. This study explores the barriers that indexing requirements may present for student journals, as well as editors’ attitudes toward discoverability strategies and opportunities.
Methods: An environmental scan of select eight indexes looks at potential barriers to inclusion and at indexing rates among Canadian student-led journals (n = 202). A survey of Canadian student editors (n = 47) and follow-up interviews (n = 7) focus on editors’ attitudes toward discoverability, indexing challenges, and opportunities.
Results: Only 15% (n = 30) of Canadian student journals are indexed in at least one of the seven indexes included in this study, and 74% (n = 146) of open-access journals appear in Google Scholar, with Open Journal Systems (OJS) having the highest Google Scholar indexing rate (97%) as a platform. Student editors generally prioritize reaching their audiences via social media, word of mouth, and targeted promotion. For editors who seek indexing, the biggest challenges come from confusing inclusion criteria and processes, lack of knowledge and comfort, and lack of capacity for such projects.
Discussion: Most reviewed indexes have some requirements that may be challenging, but not exclusively to student journals. The main challenge comes from editors’ self-perception of not belonging in academic indexes, lack of understanding about the process, and insufficient capacity for discoverability and promotional activities. 
Conclusion: The lack of discoverability puts student journals at risk of being invisible to readers and potential authors. Although academic indexing may not be a high priority for student editors, regular outreach and support from libraries and faculty advisors could help editors better use various discoverability opportunities.
Problems of applying the theory of determining the value ofaudio-visual archives in practice
Authors:   Vietnam Association of Archives and Records, 12 Dao Tan Street, Cong Vi Ward, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Dao Xuan Chuc , Do Van Hoc ,   University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vietnam National University - Ho Chi Minh City, 10-12 Dinh Tien Hoang Street, Ben Nghe Ward, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published: April 2024

Determining the value of archival documents is a crucial professional content of archival work. There have been several initial studies on the theory of determining the value of audio-visual archives in Vietnam so far; however, due to the specificity of this type of document, the application still faces many difficulties. This article presents systematic research and analyses how to apply the theory of determining the value of audio-visual archives, a type of archive with specific characteristics in terms of origin, content of the document, and its appearance. The research methods used in this article are research methods of archival science, historical science, and interdisciplinary methods that use the perspectives and approaches of several different scientific disciplines. The result serves as a theoretical basis for further research which specifically considers the value of pictures, films as well as audio and video recordings for in-depth research and for agencies with audio-visual materials to apply appropriately; and as the basis for competent State agencies to promulgate documents regulating and guiding activities in determining the value of audio-visual documents.
Language rights and factors affecting the written choice of ethnic minorities: The case of H’mong script in Vietnam
Authors:   School of Languages and Tourism, Hanoi University of Industry, 298 Cau Dien Street, Cau Dien Ward, Bac Tu Liem District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Nguyen Van Hiep
Published: April 2024

The article outlines and discusses aspects of language rights as a component of human rights. The article affirms that the Party and the Government of Vietnam always support the rights of all ethnic groups in preserving and promoting their cultural identity, which is reflected in the Constitutions and Laws (such as the Law of Education), Decrees and Circulars, ensuring the harmonious development of each ethnic group in the sustainable development of the country, ensuring the rights and obligations of each ethnic group in a multi-ethnic and multi-language country, ensuring unity in diversity. The article also introduces several core points in the linguistic rights of ethnic minorities, aiming to preserve languages in danger and create conditions for ethnic minorities to promote their values in preserving national identity and cultural values. In the language right, there is the right to choose the script. Based on the approach of P. Unseth (2005) [1] to factors affecting script choice when more than one script exists, the paper discusses the case of Hmong script choice in Vietnam as a case study.
Effect of lipopolysaccharides of gram-negative bacteria from various taxonomic groups on the morphogenetic activity of common wheat calluses
Authors: Burygin G.L. , Kostina E.E. , Kargapolova K.Yu. , Lobachev Yu.V. , Tkachenko O.V.
Published: April 2024

In vitro tissue culture is actively used in modern plant breeding for genetic transformation, effective selection, rapid production and propagation of genetically homogeneous lines. For many crops, the low yield of regenerated plants is limiting for the use of calluses in the breeding process. Some bacterial lipopolysaccharides are able to increase the morphogenetic activity of plant calluses, increasing the efficiency of in vitro technology. In this work, we investigated the effect of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) from the rhizobacterial strains Ensifer adhaerens T1Ks14, Ochrobactrum quorumnocens T1Kr02, and Pseudomonas chlororaphis K3 on the processes of callusogenesis, the formation of morphogenic calluses and regenerant plants of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) of a low-morphogenic line with the Rht-B1a dwarfing gene, obtained on the basis of the cultivar Saratovskaya 29. It was found that LPS preparations at a concentration of 10 μg/ml had different effects on wheat tissue cultures. The yield of calluses from explants obtained from immature embryos significantly increased by 2.5% when exposed to LPS of the O. quorumnocens strain T1Kr02 and decreased by 4% in the variant with LPS from P. chlororaphis K3. The yield of morphogenic calluses increased under the influence of LPS from E. adhaerens T1Ks14 (+57%) and P. chlororaphis K3 (+41%). LPS strain O. quorumnocens T1Kr02 had a negative effect on the yield of regenerated plants, while the other two LPS preparations did not differ from the control in this parameter. As a result, the effectiveness of using the LPS preparations from explants to regenerants was significantly higher only in the variant of the E. adhaerens strain T1Ks14 (+64%). The data obtained indicate significant differences in the response of plant tissue cultures to LPS of various rhizosphere bacteria.
Advances in Electrochemical Sensing of Depression Biomarker Serotonin: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Shambhavi  , Priyadarshni Puja , Kumari Nisha , Kumar Ratnesh
Published: April 2024

The present review deals with detection of serotonin (5-HT) by electrochemical techniques using various modified electrodes.  Serotonin is an important monoamine neurotransmitter, psychoactive agent, and bioactive component. Its detection has a very significant contribution in diagnosing and treating many neurological diseases. Electrochemical techniques provide simple, fast, high selective, sensitive, reproducible, and the low-cost method for the determination of 5-HT. We have extensively reviewed the recently developed approaches in which serotonin has been sensitively detected using modified electrodes even in the presence of interfering agents. The analytical characteristics such as linear range and detection limit on various modified electrode have been compared in the review.
Associations of type D personality with amplitude-time ECG parameters
Authors: Kremleva O. V.
Published: April 2024

Negative affectivity (NA) and social inhibition (SI) inherent in type D personalities produce chronic distress, which leads to an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). Currently, a search is underway for mechanisms that mediate the psychosomatic connections of a type D personality. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of amplitude-time ECG parameters in type D personalities and to establish associations of amplitude-time ECG patterns in a non-cardiological sample of women with type D indicators and its components — NA and SI. ECG records were obtained from 68 women with gynecological pathology without a history of CVD and at the time of the study, and all of them completed the questionnaire DS 14. Personality type D was confirmed in 39.7%, on the ECG recording in this group, the average amplitude of the R wave, the duration of the QT and RR intervals turned out to be significantly higher than in individuals without type D, and the duration of the QRS complex was significantly lower in the group of respondents with higher scores against a group with low scores. The group with higher NA values showed a significantly higher R wave amplitude, and with higher SI values, a significantly shorter QRS duration than the corresponding groups with low values of these D-type components. More than a third of a non-cardiac sample of women exhibits type D personality. Analysis of amplitude-time ECG patterns in type D personalities indicates increased ventricular excitability and excessive sympathetic reactivity. A specific pathogenic contribution of the synergism of negative affectivity and social inhibition of the expression of negative feelings to the functional organization of electrophysiological processes in the myocardium was found. Amplitude-time ECG patterns of type D individuals indicate an autonomous imbalance of cardiovascular reactivity at the basis of increased vulnerability to CVD.
Presentation of a clinical case of the logopenic form of the syndrome of primary progressive aphasia in the onset of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Kotsiubinskaya Yu. V. , Kaigorodtsev M. A. , Sitnik L. I. , Mikhailov V. A. , Kolesova Yu. P.
Published: April 2024

A description of a clinical case of the logopenic form of the syndrome of primary progressive aphasia in the onset of Alzheimer’s disease is presented. The disease manifested itself in the form of 

speech and writing disorders, a sharp disorder in labor skills with the preservation of self-service and orientation, affective fluctuations, in connection with which it was supposed to diagnose cognitive functions, psychopathological changes and instrumental research. Differential diagnostics with mental spectrum diseases, various neurodegenerative diseases, vascular lesions of the brain were carried out. However, the nature, as well as the existing features of cognitive impairment and speech impairment of the manifestation of the disease, suggested a logopenic warrant of the PPA syndrome, and the presence of a general cognitive decline and disease progression in a short time was Alzheimer’s disease with an atypical onset.
Psychopharmacotherapy factor in the variants of COVID-19 course in psychiatric inpatients
Authors: Neznanov N. G. , Limankin O. V. , Shabelnik A. V. , Azarova L. A. , Lutova N. B. , Bocharova M. O. , Sorokin M. Yu.
Published: April 2024

The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between the severity and duration criteria of COVID-19 and the psychopharmacotherapy administered to patients in within a psychiatric hospital.

Materials and Methods. We analyzed 169 case histories involving completed clinical cases of COVID-19 treatment in a specialized infectious psychiatric department in St. Petersburg, covering the period from May 2020 to January 2021. Correlation, dispersion, and regression analyses were employed to evaluate severe and mild COVID-19 progression indicators, as well as the duration of persistent SARS-CoV-2 viral shedding. We assessed the clinical and laboratory parameters in patients, along with the psychopharmacotherapy administered, including antidepressants, antipsychotics, and acid sphingomyelinase inhibitors (FIASMA-active drugs).

Results. Cardiovascular diseases emerged as a predictor of severe COVID-19 when combined with an increasing platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), increasing the risk of severe course by over two-fold. The use of any psychotropic agents was associated with a 0.9% increase in the risk of severe course of COVID-19 for each unit increase in the systemic inflammation index PLR, specifically in patients with intellectual disability (ICD-10 codes F70-79), when compared to patients with schizophrenia (ICD-10 codes F20-29). High PLR values and the use of FIASMA-active drugs were associated with prolonged COVID-19 duration, while antidepressant therapy and elevated C-reactive protein levels were associated with a reduced predicted duration of viral shedding in 13.8% of variance. Additional consideration of the nosology of psychiatric disorders in the regression model increased the proportion of explained variance to 22.8%.

Conclusion. Consideration should be given to thymoanaleptic therapy for individuals with psychiatric disorders during periods of increased disease incidence leading up to potential SARS-CoV-2 infection, as it may serve as a protective factor against COVID-19. Furthermore, there is no evidence to suggest adverse effects of antipsychotics on the severity and duration of COVID-19. Further research is required to investigate the effects of FIASMA-active psychopharmacological agents within nosologically homogeneous groups.
Performance of cognitive tasks and functional brain activity in anxiety disorders
Authors: Kirenskaya A. V. , Fedorova E. V. , Telesheva K. Yu. , Gonopolsky A. M. , Chernorizov A. M.
Published: April 2024

Objective. To improve understanding of psychophysiological underpinnings of anxiety disorders a comprehensive study, that included the analysis of cognitive tasks performance, event-related potentials and psychometric scales, has been conducted.

Materials and Methods. Participants were patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD group — 12 s.), mixed anxiety and depressive disorder (ADD group — 16 s.) and healthy volunteers (control group — 16 s.). The psychometric techniques included the questionnaires of Spielberger, HADS (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and Carver-White (BIS/BAS Scale). Psychophysiological methods included antisaccade task (AS) and event-related evoked potentials P300 that were recorded during auditory oddball task.

Results. The significantly increased anxiety and depression scales, as well as the decreased BAS Reward Responsiveness scale, was found in patients of both clinical groups compared to control one; the increased BIS scale was revealed only in ADD group. In GAD and ADD groups AS performance was worse in response to stimuli in left hemi-field that are initially processed in right hemisphere; on the contrary, decreased number of target stimuli omissions was found in oddball task in clinical groups. P300 amplitude was larger, and P300 latency was shorter for patients with ADD compared to controls. Analysis of asymmetry demonstrated that P300 amplitudes were greater over the frontal-central right than over the left hemisphere in ADD group.

Conclusion. The study demonstrated that anxiety disorders are accompanied by reallocation of attentional resources and changes in functional organization of brain networks involved in attention and executive functions. With the same direction, the shifts were greater in ADD group.
Screening for anxiety and depression in the general population: Adaptation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 in Russia
Authors: Zolotareva A. A. , Kostenko V. Yu. , Lebedeva A. A. , Chumakova M. A.
Published: April 2024

The Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) is one of the most well-known and widely used instruments for assessing anxiety and depressive symptoms.

Objective. The aim of this study was to adapt the Russian-language version of the PHQ-4 in the general population.

Material and Methods. Data collection was carried out with the help of the service «Anketolog». The participants were 2,000 Russians (1,000 men and 1,000 women) aged 18 to 60 years (M = 38.78; SD = 9.25).

Results. The psychometric analysis confirmed the internal reliability and discriminative validity of the adapted questionnaire. The proof of the factor validity of the Russian version of the PHQ-4 was the identification of a two-factor structure describing the symptoms of anxiety and depression, and factor invariance by age, level of education, marital status, parental status, financial status and place of residence. Among the Russians, 44.9% had clinically significant anxiety symptoms and 42.9% had clinically significant depressive symptoms. Russians with anxiety and depressive symptoms more often sought counseling from a psychologist, coach, psychiatrist and neurologist, underwent psychopharmacological treatment in connection with psychological requests, contacted support groups and a psychological help hotline, used online products of automated or semi-automated psychological support, read psychological literature and used psychoactive substances.

Conclusion. The psychometric properties of the Russian-language version of the PHQ-4 turned out to be similar to the psychometric characteristics of the original version of the questionnaire, and therefore the adapted questionnaire can be recommended for screening anxiety and depression in the general Russianspeaking population.
KEMAMPUAN NUMERASI LEVEL 3; SURVEI TERHADAP PESERTA DIDIK SEKOLAH DASAR DI KOTA KUPANG
Authors: Benu Adam Bol Nifu , Ga Paulina Riwu , Koroh Taty Rosiana , Wonda Hiwa , Devi Rista Aprilia , Bulu Vera
Published: April 2024

Numeracy ability is one of the abilities that students need to have to be able to overcome problems related to mathematical logic. The results of the PISA survey stated that Indonesia is classified as a country with the numeracy ability of students that has not been maximized. Meanwhile, to be more specific, the numeracy ability of students in areas spread throughout Indonesia is not clearly known. This research method is quantitative research, with a survey type. The subjects in this study were 364 students from elementary schools spread across Kupang City. Data collection was carried out using test techniques with a total of 15 numeracy test questions. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics so that the average and distribution of the frequency of numeracy skills of students in elementary schools in Kupang City was known based on the level of their levels. The results showed that as many as 157 students or 45.35% had numeracy skills at level 3, namely being able to choose and apply simple problem-solving strategies; 143 respondents or 41.33% have numeracy skills at level 2, namely being able to use formulas, carry out procedures or agreements in solving problems; and the remaining 46 respondents or 13.29% have numeracy skills in Level 1 is being able to identify information and complete routine procedures according to clear instructions for the situation
TEACHER- STUDENTS EDUCATIONAL COMMUNICATION: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY IN MIN 2 BANJAR
Authors: Ayuni Risa Dwi , Afifah Noor , Junaidy Junaidy , Apriliyanti Rizki
Published: April 2024

Communication is an important aspect that involves interaction between teachers and students in the hope that the message will be well received and have an impact on understanding and changes in behavior. This research aims to analyze teacher-student communication in the educational process at MIN 2 Banjar. The method used is descriptive qualitative with interviews, observation and documentation. The result shows that communication in teaching and learning activities at MIN 2 Banjar very effective with approach of  epistemological, axiological, and ontologically. The second, the Laswell Model is widely used in communication process that which can flexibly change from group communication to interpersonal communication; The third, educational communication is also effective because of the teacher play varied roles like speaker, moderator, mentor, and manager.
ANIMISM BEYOND THE SOUL
Authors: Swancutt Katherine , Mazard Mireille
Published: April 2024

How might we envision animism through the lens of the ‘anthropology of anthropology’? The contributors to this volume offer compelling case studies that demonstrate how indigenous animistic practices, concepts, traditions, and ontologies are co-authored in highly reflexive ways by anthropologists and their interlocutors. They explore how native epistemologies, which inform anthropological notions during fieldwork, underpin the dialogues between researchers and their participants. In doing so, the contributors reveal ways in which indigenous thinkers might be influenced by anthropological concepts of the soul and, equally, how they might subtly or dramatically then transform those same concepts within anthropological theory.
THE REVOLT OF THE PROVINCES
Authors: Szombati Kristóf
Published: April 2024

The first in-depth ethnographic monograph on the New Right in Central and Eastern Europe, The Revolt of the Provinces explores the making of right-wing hegemony in Hungary over the last decade. It explains the spread of racist sensibilities in depressed rural areas, shows how activists, intellectuals and politicians took advantage of popular racism to empower right-wing agendas and examines the new ruling party's success in stabilizing an 'illiberal regime'. To illuminate these important dynamics, the author proposes an innovative multi-scalar and relational framework, focusing on interaction between social antagonisms emerging on the local level and struggles waged within the political public sphere.
The influence of goods’ quality on their price indices
Authors: Зямалов В.Е. , Турунцева М.Ю.
Published: April 2024

В работе приводится пример применения гедонического метода корректировки индексов цен, учитывающий влияние изменений качества товаров на их потребительскую стоимость. Метод, первые попытки применения которого относятся к началу ХХ в. и который был окончательно оформлен Грилихесом в 1961 г., позволяет разделить наблюдаемое изменение цены на часть, определяемую инфляционными процессами, и на часть, связанную с изменениями в потребительских качествах товаров. В зарубежной литературе метод получил широкое освещение, он был применен к ценам различных товаров: от потребительской электроники до стоимости билетов на авиарейсы. В настоящее время метод часто применяется для изучения рынка недвижимости. В то же время в отечественной литературе сравнительно мало работ по данной теме. В настоящей работе авторы сделали попытку применить гедонический метод к ценам на потребительскую электронику (портативные персональные компьютеры, ноутбуки) и подержанные автомобили. Также авторами представлены обновленные результаты из опубликованных ранее работ, касающиеся мобильных телефонов и телевизоров. Применение метода показало, что полученные с его помощью индексы цен, учитывающие изменения качества, статистически значимо отличаются от индекса средних наблюдаемых цен.

This paper provides an example of applying the hedonic method of adjusting price indices that takes into account the impact of changes in the quality of goods on their consumer price. With first attempts to apply dating back to the beginning of the XX century, and being finally formalized by Griliches in 1961, the method allows us to divide the observed price change into a part determined by inflationary processes and a part associated with changes in consumer qualities of goods. In foreign literature, the method has received wide coverage; it has been applied to the prices of a wide variety of goods: from consumer electronics to air tickets in the US. Currently, the method is often used to study the real estate market. At the same time, in the Russian literature there are relatively few works considering this method. In this paper, the authors attempted to apply the method to prices of consumer electronics (laptops) and used cars. Also, the authors present updated results from previously published works related to mobile phones and TVs. The application of the method showed that it allows obtaining adjusted values of price indices that ate significantly different from simple observable prices index.
International monetary policy transmission in EAEU countries
Authors: Добронравова Е.П. , Трунин П.В.
Published: April 2024

В статье проводится анализ каналов и возможного влияния проводимой в России денежно-кредитной политики (ДКП) на экономики стран Евразийского экономического cоюза. Теоретическая литература выделяет три основные группы каналов трансмиссии: международной торговли, трудовой миграции и финансовые. Проведенное авторами исследование показало, что наблюдается значимое воздействие монетарного шока в РФ на экономики ЕАЭС. Среди основных каналов трансмиссии выделяется канал международной торговли: ужесточение ДКП в России приводит к ограничению экономической активности в странах-партнерах вследствие сокращения экспорта, при этом теоретически ожидаемого ослабления валютных курсов не выявлено. Несмотря на высокую синхронность процентных ставок, свидетельств высокой мобильности капитала для эффективной работы финансовых каналов транс-граничной трансмиссии в странах ЕАЭС не обнаружено. На основе этого можно сделать вывод, что поведение процентных ставок может быть вызвано общими инфляционными процессами, связанными с синхронизацией бизнес-циклов, вызванной усилением взаимной торговли и долгосрочными инвестициями.

The paper presents the analysis of the channels and potential impact of Russian monetary policy on the economies of Eurasian Economic Union members. Theoretical literature highlights three key groups of international transmission channels: international trade, migration of labor and financial channels. Our research demonstrates the significant impact of monetary policy shock in Russia on the economies of EAEU. International trade channel stands out as a key transmission channel: monetary tightening in Russia leads to the decrease in economic activity in the member states as a result of the reduction in exports of those countries, while currency depreciation, expected by economic theory, was not detected. Despite of synchronization of the interest rates, we couldn’t find much evidence of high capital mobility between EAEU countries, which is the main precondition on the efficiency of financial channels of international monetary transmission. This leads to the conclusion that such behavior of interest rates might occur due to the common inflationary pressures, associated with business-cycles synchronization, strengthening of mutual trade and long-term investment.
Mehr als Repression: Bedeutungshorizonte von Erziehung
Authors: Schildknecht Lukas , Wehren Sylvia
Published: April 2024

Im Anschluss an Daniela Holzers produktive Verknüpfung von Erziehungstheorie mit Erwachsenen- und Weiterbildung versucht unsere Replik Rückfragen an die begriffliche Auseinandersetzung mit Erziehung zu entwickeln, die nicht nur die Autonomiepotenziale, sondern ebenso die verschiedenen Dimensionen des Erwachsens des Kindes durch Erziehung in den Blick nehmen wollen. Dabei soll u. a. die soziale Bedingtheit des (jungen) Menschen in der Angewiesenheit auf Andere diskutiert werden. Diese argumentative Dimension führt im Weiteren zu Fragen der Generationalität und Natalität, die auf die vielfältigen Bedeutungsbereiche des Erziehungsbegriffs verweisen sowie epistemologische Leerstellen im Umgang mit der Chiffre ‚Erziehung‘ sichtbar werden lassen, die sich vorrangig dadurch ergeben, dass in der Erziehungswissenschaft und im Rahmen von erziehungstheoretischen Überlegungen ein starker Fokus auf die repressiven Elemente von Erziehung gelegt wird.
Gefährdete Kinder, begrenzt handlungsfähige Eltern. Wie erwachsene Bewohner:innen die Lebensbedingungen geflüchteter Kinder in Sammelunterkünften erleben
Authors: Huke Nikolai
Published: April 2024

Kinder, die mit Familienangehörigen in Deutschland Asyl beantragen, leben häufig für lange Zeit in Sammelunterkünften für Asylsuchende. Charakteristisch für entsprechende Unterkünfte sind unter anderem fehlende Privatsphäre, Stress und Gewalt aufgrund räumlicher Enge, unzureichender Gewaltschutz, soziale Isolation oder eingeschränkte Bildungs-, Spiel- und Freizeitmöglichkeiten. Durch eine hohe Infektionsgefahr aufgrund mangelhafter Hygiene und fehlender Möglichkeiten der sozialen Distanzierung sowie Massenquarantänen verschlechterten sich während der Corona-Pandemie die ohnehin prekären Lebensbedingungen von Kindern in Sammelunterkünften zusätzlich. Unter Rückgriff auf sechzehn qualitative problemzentrierte Interviews mit erwachsenen Bewohner:innen über ihre Erfahrungen während der ersten und zweiten Welle der Corona-Pandemie zeichnet der Artikel nach, wie diese die Lebensbedingungen der Kinder in den Sammelunterkünften und ihre eigenen diesbezüglichen Handlungsmöglichkeiten wahrnehmen. Dabei wird sichtbar, dass sie die Kinder als in multipler Weise gefährdet und sich selbst gegenüber Problemen der Kinder als nicht oder nur begrenzt handlungsfähig erfahren.
Jugend, Kriminalität und Gangsta-Rap. Eine empirische Annäherung an die Binnenperspektive junger Rapper auf Normverletzungen
Authors: Dollinger Bernd
Published: April 2024

Gangsta-Rap ist seit längerer Zeit Gegenstand öffentlicher Kontroversen, zumal mit Blick auf Normverletzungen wie Kriminalität. Dieses Thema wird in dem Beitrag ausgehend von Interaktionen Jugendlicher behandelt, die Songs des Genres Gangsta-Rap produzieren. Anhand von Gruppendiskussion wird erschlossen, wie Jugendliche Kriminalität in Songs einbinden. Im Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass die Nutzung von Semantiken der Kriminalität gruppenintern kontrolliert und an Vorgaben von Authentizität gebunden wird: bestimmte Arten von Kriminalität dürfen nur von bestimmten Personen thematisiert werden, die für die Echtheit der Darstellungen bürgen. In der Konfrontation mit Kritik von außen kann dies allerdings invertiert werden: Kriminalitätsdarstellungen erscheinen dann als bloße Simulierung bzw. Inszenierung ohne realen Gehalt. In jedem Fall folgen diese Darstellungen sozial regulierten Vorgaben eines musikalischen Genres, das Provokationen einfordert.
Beyond the Luck Problem: Addressing Discrimination in Event-Causal Libertarianism
Authors: Sekatskaya Maria
Published: April 2024

Event-causal libertarians argue that free will requires indeterministic neural processes. This paper introduces a new problem with this theory via thought experiments involving agents who satisfy Robert Kane’s criterion of free will and moral responsibility to varying degrees. The paper argues that treating these agents differently based on the type of brain activity they exhibit constitutes unjust discrimination. This challenge is then extended to Mark Balaguer’s account. The paper also explores the similarities and differences between the luck problem and the newly introduced discrimination problem. To solve the luck problem, one must demonstrate that neural indeterminism is compatible with moral responsibility. To address the discrimination problem, one must show that neural indeterminism is not just compatible with, but necessary for moral responsibility.