bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Los rumbos jurisprudenciales de la interpretación conforme: alcances y límites sobre su aplicación en la Corte Suprema mexicana
Authors: Caballero Ochoa José Luis , García Huerta Daniel Antonio
Published: October 2019

A la luz del trabajo jurisprudencial desarrollado por la Suprema Corte de Justicia de la Nación durante los últimos años, el presente texto aborda la manera en que la interpretación conforme ha transitado por caminos diversos, algunas veces sin rumbo fijo, y otras veces por rutas que pretenden su reorientación funcional. Para ello, expone la evolución que esta herra-mienta ha tenido no sólo de manera cronológica, sino también de manera más política y jurídica a la luz del impacto que ciertas decisiones han tenido en el devenir de la doctrina jurisprudencial de la Corte mexicana sobre este tema, y en especial en la transición hacia un pensamiento jurídico más flexible e innovador.
El plazo de interposición de la acción de inconstitucionalidad y los derechos humanos
Authors: Herrera Pérez Alberto , Herrera Montes Eduardo Alberto
Published: October 2019

El plazo establecido en la Ley Reglamentaria de las Fracciones I y II del Artículo 105 de la Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos para interponer la acción de inconstitucionalidad, en el caso de normas generales lesivas de derechos humanos, debe adecuarse o, en definitiva, ser intemporal.
Guessing at the Content of a Million Books
Authors: Juola Patrick
Published: October 2019

The recent growth in digital scholarship has made literally millions of books available to readers. But the implications of this, paradoxically, are that reading becomes more difficult. No human can possibly read and understand a million books. This is particularly problematic in literary scholarship, where “reading” a text requires much more than simple content extraction, but may require identifying and explaining patterns of thought and expression across many different works.
Bedfellows in Mass Digital Conversion: Ten Years of Text Creation Partnership(s)
Authors: McCollough Aaron
Published: October 2019

This paper offers a brief account of some senses in which “partnership” and collaboration have been and continue to be fundamental to the Text Creation Partnership’s mandate. Additionally, by examining the kinds of collaborative engagements in which TCP has participated, it raises and addresses questions about some frictions produced by unlikely partnerships between the private and public sectors as well as about benefits afforded by the same. Finally, it tenders some suggestions about future collaborative efforts the TCP might help to foster and, in turn, be fostered by. Ultimately, this paper stresses cooperative protection of the digital cultural commons as a cardinal virtue of digital humanities collaborative effort. It seeks to refocus attention on this aspect of the TCP’s role in the field.
Historical Studies in Education/Revue d’histoire de l’éducation - A Journal's Journey From Past to Present
Authors: Clark Penney , Gleason Mona , Gemmell K.M.
Published: October 2019

Historical Studies in Education/Revue d’histoire de l’éducation is the peer-reviewed journal of the Canadian History of Education Association/ Association canadienne d’histoire de l’éducation. This bilingual, online, open-access journal is now in its 29th year of publication and appears twice yearly. In addition to scholarly articles, it publishes research notes, book reviews, and a biennial bibliography of publications on the history of education. Authors represent a full range of constituencies in terms of gender, race/ethnicity, age, research interests, and seniority within the field of history of education.
A Century of the Canadian Historical Review: Speaking to the Past, Present and Future of Canadian History and Canada
Authors: Anastakis Dimitry
Published: October 2019

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Zombie Journals: Designing a Technological Infrastructure for a Precarious Graduate Student Journal
Authors: O'Donnell Daniel , Viejou Carey , Chow Sylvia , Dohms Kimberly , Esau Paul , Firth Steve , Graham Rumi , McKinnon Jarret , Morrison Dorthea , Parsons Reed , Rieger Courtney , Spiric Vanja , Toth Elaine , Ueland Kayla
Published: October 2019

This paper discusses the technical infrastructure and production workflow for the University of Lethbridge Meeting of the Minds Graduate Journal. This infrastructure was designed for an editorial board that anticipated high annual turnover: very easy to understand and train for, able to accommodate differing levels of interest and commitment from year to year, and be “publish and forget”: the long term preservation and discoverability of articles published by the journal had to be ensured regardless of future generations of students’s willingness to support the journal.
Determining the Performance Quality of Combine Harvesters Operating
Authors: Chaplygin M. E. , Zhalnin E. V.
Published: October 2019

Modern methods of monitoring the performance quality of combine harvesters during their testing are applied in a «swath laying» mode. The authors have shown the relevance of a similar assessment method used in the most common “crushing-and-spreading” mode and developed a simple and reliable method and a technical tool for assessing grain losses in the field during the combine harvester operation. (Research purpose) To develop a method for controlling grain loss of a combine harvester operating in a “chopping-and-spreading” mode using a two-chamber sampler prototype. (Materials and methods) The authors have proposed a new design of the prototype of a two-chamber sampler. They have proved that it ensures separate collection of the lost grain resulting from combine harvester units. A limited number of samplers were installed in the field and a method for sampling grain losses from working units of a combine harvester based on the developed sampler was applied. The applied method of control consists in evaluating the test results of a two-chamber sampler prototype during a combine harvester test in a «chopping-and-spreading» mode. (Results and discussion) The authors have developed the prototype of a two-chamber sampler of a fundamentally new design. They offer a method for determining the performance quality of a combine harvester. They have obtained graphs of grain losses distribution across the width of a threshing-and-separating unit and the spreading width equal to the operating width of a header. (Conclusion) It has been established that the use of a two-chamber sampler will ensure separate sequential sampling behind a header, a threshing unit, and a chopping spreader, while excluding sequential overlapping of errors. It has been revealed that the proposed scheme for sampling a grain losses resulting from the working units of a combine harvester will reduce the total number of samplers used - no more than 7 in each replication, regardless of the width of a threshing-and-separating unit or a header.
STUDY ON EFFECT OF CABMV INFECTION ON THE CHANGES IN CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COWPEA CV. PUSA DOFASALI
Authors: KUMAR YADAV DR. RAJ , KUMAR AVSHESH
Published: October 2019

The total nitrogen protein, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, and total free amino acids are higher in CABMV infected cowpea cv. Pusa Dofasali plant parts i.e. leaves, stems and roots than their healthy counterparts. However, the ammoniacal nitrogen was lower in infected plant parts than the healthy ones. The maximum amounts of total nitrogen, protein and total free amino acids was recorded in diseased leaves, nitrate nitrogen, and nitrite nitrogen in diseased roots and ammoniacal nitrogen in healthy leaves. The minimum amounts of total nitrogen, protein, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, ammoniacal nitrogen, and total free amino acids were present in the stem. Generally, nitrogenous fractions showed an increase up to 80th day of inoculation and afterwards, their concentration decreased. The concentration of total nitrogen, protein, nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and total free amino acids was higher in diseased seed but ammoniacal nitrogen was higher in healthy seeds than diseased ones. An increased concentration of nitrogenous fraction in the virus infected plant parts of cowpea was observed. Unless previously fixed nitrogen was effectively used (or) transported elsewhere, the presence of excess nitrogenous compounds could alter the C/N ratio, which might inhibit the normal rate of nitrogen fixation. Virus infection usually brings about drastic changes in many physiological processes such changes were mainly studied with the vegetative parts of the host. Alteration due to virus infection in leguminous fruits received very little attention. Therefore, it was planned to study the effect of CABMV infection on the chemical composition of the cowpea cv. Pusa Dofasali fruits.
ROLE OF CLINICAL PHARMACIST IN EDUCATING OBESE AND OVER WEIGHT PATIENTS FOR BETTER HEALTH RELATED OUTCOMES
Authors: KARAMI Dr. DORNA , Dr. MAHVASH IRAM  , Dr. SHANKAR PRASAD
Published: October 2019

Obesity is a chronic disease in which there is excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to public health. Health care interventions can increase awareness about obesity and its complications and it is of great concern to motivate them to change their lifestyle in order to avoid health issues. The aim of this study was to carry out educational intervention for the obese and overweight patients to improve disease outcomes. A prospective hospital based interventional study was carried out for a period of 6 months at St. Philomena’s hospital in Bangalore. Patients visiting medicine department with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2 , patients with known eating disorders and those referred to the young adult section of the obesity clinic were included in the study. A questionnaire was prepared and was introduced to the study subjects after validation. Patient information leaflets (PIL) were given to the patients to educate them about the obesity. Scores were recorded pre and post counseling to analyze for the effectiveness of counseling. A total number of 95 obese patients were enrolled in the study who belonged to young adults and adult’s age group. Majority of patients were in age between 46-50 years. Male proportions were more than females and most of the subjects were overweight. The difference between post and pre counseling score in questions concerning their lifestyle, which includes trying out strategies to lose weight, the habit of eating fruits, performing exercises and their knowledge and effort to prevent obesity in their families were found to be statistically significant. Counseling provided with the aid of patient information leaflet was beneficial in a significant change in habits and behavior of obese subjects.
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF STABILITY INDICATING RP-HPLC METHOD FOR DETERMINATION OF BROMELAIN, TRYPSIN, RUTOSIDE AND DICLOFENAC IN BULK AND PHARMACEUTICAL DOSAGE FORM
Authors: SWAPNA.GODAY  , S.K.ABDULRAHAMAN  , A.PRAMEELARANI
Published: October 2019

Serine proteases are enzymes that cleave peptide bond in proteins in which serine serves as the nucleophilic amino acid at the active site. Tripsin is apancreatic serine protease with substrate specifically based upon positively charged lysine and arginine side chains. The selected dosage form trypsin, rutoside, bromelain contains natural pancreatic serine protease used to treat pain and inflammatory diseases. The objective of present research work is to develop a novel, simple, accurate and precise reversed phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) stability indicating method for rapid and simultaneous quantification of Bromelain, Trypsin, Rutoside and Diclofenac. Since this is a new combination of pharmaceutical dosage form and no HPLC methods were developed .There is a need to develop a chromatographic method which is cost effective. This chromatographic method is developed which can easily analyze mixture of compounds with less retention time and low solvent consumption. The chromatographic separation was achieved on Inertsil ODS (250x4.6mm, 5µ). Mobile phase contained a mixture of OPA buffer at pH 2.4 and Acetonitrile in the ratio of 50:50 v/v, flow rate 1.0 ml/min and UV detection at 257nm. The proposed method shows a good linearity in the concentration range of 22.5-135 µg/ml for Bromelain, 12-72µg/ml of Trypsin, 25-150µg/ml of Rutoside and 12.5-75 µg/ml for Diclofenac under optimised conditions. Precision and recovery study results are in between 98-102%. In the entire robustness conditions %RSD is below 2.0%. Degradation has minimum effect in stress condition and solutions are stable up to 24 hrs. This method is validated for different parameters. The study was determined according to the ICH Q2B guidelines. All the parameters of validation were found to be within the acceptance range of ICH guidelines. The developed chromatographic method can be used in routine analysis in pharmaceutical industry.
QUALITATIVE KNOWLEDGE ASSESSMENT OF PREGNANT WOMEN ON PRETERM BIRTH IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: VANMATHI SM  , MONITHA STAR M  , VENKATESWARAMURTHY N  , SAMBATHKUMAR R
Published: October 2019

Preterm birth is the birth occurring after 20 weeks and before 37 weeks of gestation. Premature birth has been associated with several factors such as history of preterm birth, anemia, high catecholamine levels in the maternal urine, tobacco consumption, Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM), High Blood Pressure (HBP), vaginal bleeding, inter gestational interval of ≤ 1 year, urinary tract infection (UTI), lack of prenatal care, inadequate prenatal care, maternal age less than 20 years, maternal age over 35 years, oligohydramnios, history of induced abortion, preeclampsia, twin pregnancy and advanced maternal age. The objective of the present research is to assess the knowledge of pregnant women between 6 and 8 months on preterm birth in a tertiary care hospital, Erode. The study ventures to determine the factors behind the preterm birth and also to evaluate the demographic characteristics of the preterm mothers and their preterm infants. It was a prospective observational study conducted over a period of 6 months in 250 pregnant women. The study included pregnant women above 24 weeks of gestation, because the survival rate of the babies is about 35-50% according to the fetal viability study conducted in 2005 and excluded all pregnant women below 24 weeks of gestation. We have randomly selected 220 pregnant women for assessment of knowledge about preterm birth. After knowledge assessment we followed the cases during the study period. During follow up period, 20 women had preterm birth, 175 women had term birth and 25 women were under follow up. By the end of the study, we separately analyzed thirty preterm birth cases to find out the factors behind the preterm birth. The preterm birth had occurred mostly between 32 and 35 weeks of gestation. Out of fifty preterm cases, 5(10%) mothers had preterm labour between 20-24 weeks of gestation, 7(14%) mothers had preterm labour between 25-28 weeks of gestation, another 10(20%) mothers had preterm labour between 29-31 weeks of gestation, 20(40%) mothers had preterm labour between 32-35 weeks of gestation, and 8(16%) mothers had preterm labour between 35-37 weeks of gestation respectively. In our study, prenatal outcome of low birth weight was seen in 45(90%) preterm babies and 5(10%) babies having above low birth weight (LBW > 2500 grams). Our study concluded that pregnant women possessed inadequate knowledge about preterm birth. So health education should be provided during antenatal visits in prenatal wards and in outpatient visit in the hospital which would be beneficial and helpful to reduce neonatal mortality and morbidity.
Dinámica de sistemas y la curva medio ambiental de Kuznets en Perú (1990-2015)
Authors: Moreno Moreno Nora Isabel
Published: October 2019

Este artículo muestra la importancia de la dinámica de sistemas como complemento de la econometría y su uso en la formulación de políticas económicas a través de cuadros dinámicos de mando. Explora la validez de la hipótesis de la Curva medio ambiental de Kuznets en Perú. Posteriormente modela un diagrama de influencias para describir las complejas relaciones entre la economía y el medio ambiente. Finalmente, se muestra una simulación dinámica según Forrester para el dióxido de carbono (CO2) que combina la identidad de Kaya con el proceso de formación del PIB de Perú, incluyendo la energía renovable. Este modelo de simulación corrobora los resultados de Kuznets para el CO2 y permite diseñar políticas para las variables generadoras del modelo.
Análisis de instrumentos gubernamentales de la política pública: organismos de acción comunal de Medellín
Authors: Cano Torres Dany Yilbán
Published: October 2019

El presente artículo es un análisis de instrumentos de intervención gubernamental en el sector de las organizaciones comunales para estudiar los mecanismos de implementación de las políticas públicas referenciadas en el acuerdo municipal 28 del 2014, en el que –basados en criterios de categorización aportados por analistas del diseño de políticas públicas– se develan reflexiones en torno a cómo la tipología de instrumentos y sus características permiten observar las posibilidades de implementación y eficacia gubernamental. De esta manera se detecta que los objetivos propuestos tendrán dificultades de implementación debido a falencias de direccionalidad y un alto condicionamiento en los instrumentos gubernamentales, que llevan a repensar la forma en la que se construye este tipo de políticas públicas
Determinan Perilaku Deteksi Dini Kanker Serviks pada Pegawai di Pemerintah Kabupaten Badung
Authors: Suariyani Ni Luh Putu , Kusuma Dewi Made Intan
Published: October 2019

Latar Belakang: Kanker serviks adalah salah satu penyebab kematian tertinggi kedua pada wanita setelah kanker payudara. Berdasarkan data WHO, insiden kanker serviks pada tahun 2012 di perkirakan  terjadi sebanyak 528.000 kasus yang terjadi di seluruh dunia dan sebesar 90% dari kasus tersebut diperkirakan terjadi pada negara-negara berkembang. Pemberian vaksinasi HPV merupakan salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk mencegah terjadinya kanker serviks. Pemberian vaksinasi HPV lebih efektif diberikan pada wanita dengan usia 9-26 tahun dan belum pernah melakukan hubungan seksual. Berdasarkan laporan CDC, pada wanita usia subur yang telah mendapatkan vaksin HPV dan telah berhubungan seksual secara aktif sebaiknya mau melakukan deteksi dini kanker serviks. 

Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor determinan yang mempengaruhi perilaku untuk melakukan deteksi dini kanker serviks pada pegawai yang telah mendapatkan vaksinasi HPV di Pemkab Badung.

Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian crosectional deskriptif dengan total jumlah sampel sebanyak 150 orang, dengan teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode PPS.

Hasil: Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari 7 variabel yang diteliti yaitu: pengetahuan, sikap, dukungan keluarga, dukungan teman, adanya faktor risiko kanker serviks dan adanya gejala kanker serviks terhadap perilaku deteksi dini kanker serviks, yang memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan perilaku deteksi dini kanker serviks pada responden yang telah mendapatkan vaksinasi HPV adalah pengetahuan (OR = 4,45;CI 95% = 1,399-18,589), dukungan keluarga (OR = 3,53;CI 95% = 1,197-12,6), dukungan teman (OR = 6,06;CI 95% = 2,292-16,055) dan dari 16 responden yang memiliki gejala kanker serviks 11 diantaranya telah melakukan deteksi dini. Sedangkan variabel sikap dan adanya faktor risiko kanker serviks.

Kesimpulan: Saran yang dapat diberikan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah perlunya peningkatan dalam pemberian komunikasi, informasi dan edukasi (KIE) mengenai cara pencegahan dari penyakit kanker serviks.

 

Kata Kunci: Faktor Determinan, Kanker Serviks, Deteksi Dini, Vaksinasi HPV, Pemkab Badung
Pengaruh Riwayat Pemberian Asi Dan Mp-ASI Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Perkembangan Anak (Usia 12-24 Bulan) Di Kota Banda Aceh
Authors: Suryana Suryana , Fitri Yulia
Published: October 2019

Proses penting dalam pemenuhan gizi balita untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan adalah pemberian ASI dan MP-ASI. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh riwayat ASI dan MP-ASI terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak usia 12-24 bulan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain Cross Secsional Study. Penelitian dilakukan di Kecamatan Kuta Alam, Kota Banda Aceh. Sampel adalah baduta usia 12-24 bulan yang berjumlah 77 orang yang diambil dengan tehnik pengambilan stratified random sampling. Penelitian menggunakan data primer yang terdiri dari data riwayat pemberian ASI, MP-ASI, pertumbuhan dengan indeks PB/U dan perkembangan baduta usia 12-24 bulan. Pertumbuhan dinilai melalui Z-skor tinggi badan (PB) menurut umur standar WHO. Perkembangan diukur menggunakan test Denver II. Analisis data menggunakan program SPSS versi 16.0 dengan chi-square test. Proporsi sampel pada riwayat ASI kurang baik, pemberian MP-ASI kurang tepat, stunting, dan perkembangan yang meragukan/menyimpang berturut-turut adalah  37,7%, 44.1%, 57.1%, 42.9%.  Terdapat pengaruh antara riwayat pemberian ASI terhadap pertumbuhan (P=0.000), (OR = 6.7,  95% CI:2.1- 20.6), perkembangan (p=0.000), (OR 20.8, 95% CI:6.2-69.4). Terdapat pengaruh antara pemberian MP-ASI terhadap pertumbuhan (P=0.000), (OR=4.887, 95% CI:1.7-13.6), perkembangan (p=0.000), (OR = 16.5, 95% CI:5.3-51.3). Kesimpulannya terdapat pengaruh antara riwayat pemberian ASI dan pemberian MP-ASi terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak usia 12-24 bulan. Perlu ditingkatkan pemberian ASI yang baik serta pemberian MP-ASI yang tepat untuk mencapai pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak yang optimal.
Styring i spændingsfeltet mellem vilde problemer og stramme budgetter
Authors: Bukh Per Nikolaj , Svanholt Anne Kirstine
Published: October 2019

Dynamikkerne, kompleksiteten og de vilde problemer på socialområdet har ofte indebåret, at socialt arbejde har været opfattet som svært styrbart ud fra et økonomisk perspektiv. I denne artikel analyseres det, hvordan en kommune efter finanskrisen reorganiserede økonomistyringen for at sikre en mere stram budgetstyring samtidig med at de decentrale frihedsgrader blev bevaret. Vi anvender Levers of Control-begrebsapparatet til at vise, hvordan traditionelle budget- og planlægningsprocesser og -systemer anvendes fleksibelt og dynamisk som såkaldte interaktive styringssystemer. Analysen indikerer, at interaktiv brug af budgetstyring kan fremme fleksibilitet i den offentlige sektor og skabe rum for innovation og læring, således at den faglige dømmekraft styrkes, samtidig med at den økonomiske forudsigelighed og budgetoverholdelsen forbedres.
Groin hernias: causes, diagnostics, and surgery
Authors: Podoluzhnyi V. I. , Lesnikov S. M. , Shabalina O. V.
Published: October 2019

Groin hernias occur in 27–48% of men and 3–6% of women during lifetime. Among the causes are inherited or age-related connective tissue or muscular dysplasia, lack of diverticular obliteration in fetal parietal peritoneum, pre-peritoneal lipomas migrating into the hernia ring, and congenital, postpartum, or postoperation dilation of the femoral ring. Physical examination and examination of the preperitoneal space reveals hernia in 93% and 100%, respectively, yet ultrasound examination, computed tomographic peritoneography, magnetic resonance imaging are also employed to confirm the diagnosis. An established technique for the treatment of groin hernias includes opening the inguinal canal, high ligation of the hernia sac, and repair of the inguinal canal, altogether termed herniorrhaphy. Suprapubic or inguinal incision permits closure of the hernia sac without involving the inguinal canal (herniotomy). Implementation of synthetic meshes led to the increase in hernioplasty, i.e. reinforcement of the inguinal canal upon the inguinal canal repair. Laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) and totally extraperitoneal (TEP) hernioplasty became widely used along with the development of endoscopic surgery. In these techniques, mesh is placed between the peritoneum and transversalis fascia, closing both inguinal canal and femoral ring. Overall, modern surgical techniques reduced the time of treatment, disability and disease recurrence to 1.4–2%.
Predictors of severe cerebral ischemia in premature infants
Authors: Remneva O. V. , Fadeeva N. I. , Korenovskiy Yu. V. , Kolyado O. V.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To identify informative predictors of severe cerebral ischemia in preterm neonates.

Materials and Methods. Study sample consisted of 80 preterm infants with intrauterine hypoxia or perinatal asphyxia delivered on the 28th-34th week of gestation. Levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) as well as activity of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in cord blood plasma of premature infants were evaluated immediately after birth.

Results. As compared to other newborns, neonates with severe cerebral ischemia had higher levels of MMP-9 (MMP-9 > 305.6 ng/mL in 14.6% versus 69.7%, respectively) and TBARS in cord blood plasma.

Conclusion. MMP-9 and TBARS measured in cord blood plasma of preterm infants may be utilised in diagnostics of severe cerebral ischemia.
Pregnancy and severe anemia: problems in diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Surina M. N. , Chvanova E. A. , Marochko T. Yu. , Karelina O. B.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To determine features, course, complications, and outcomes of pregnancy in women with severe anemia.

Materials and Methods. We retrospectively analysed 39 case histories of women with severe anemia during pregnancy who delivered in Reshetova Kemerovo Regional Perinatal Center during 2017-2018.

Results. Average age of women was 30 ± 5 years (average age of sexual debut 17 ± 1 years). The proportions of primiparous and smoking women were 28% and 56%, respectively. More than two-thirds (69%) of women suffered from chronic anemia before the pregnancy, and 21% were HIVinfected. Average first visit to the obstetrician was registered during the second trimester (at 14 ± 6 weeks of gestation), and 13% did not receive the medical care during the pregnancy. The prevalence of preterm and emergency childbirth was 31% and 69%, respectively; 80% of patients required a Cesarean section, and the average birth weight was 2,820 ± 805 g. Intrauterine growth restriction was observed in 28% of cases. Average values of hemoglobin at the first visit, at hospital admission, and at the time of blood transfusion were 103 ± 13 g/L, 74 ± 8 g/L, and 65 ± 4 g/L, respectively; average serum iron at the first visit and at hospital admission was 11 ± 5 µmol/L and 8 ± 3 µmol/L, respectively. Iron replacement therapy was inefficient in 84% of women who received it (90%).

Conclusion. In the majority of cases, severe anemia developed from chronic anemia which had occurred before pregnancy and could not be corrected by means of iron replacement therapy. Pregnant women with severe anemia often require Cesarean section due to pre-eclampsia.
Causes and mechanisms of endometriosis: an update
Authors: Al-Jefout M. , Artymuk N. V.
Published: October 2019

Despite extensive investigations, the causes of endometriosis and mechanisms of its development are largely unknown. Here we review the existing theories, analyzing the risk factors and triggers of endometriosis. We suggest that all cases of endometriosis are initiated through a common pathophysiological mechanism which involves all downstream molecular pathways.
Polymorphisms of cytochrome genes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
Authors: Beglova A. Yu. , Yelgina S. I. , Artymuk N. V. , Gordeeva L. A.
Published: October 2019

Aim. To study the polymorphisms of CYP11A1, CYP17A1, and CYP19A1 genes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) of reproductive age in comparison with women without PCOS.

Materials and Methods. We consecutively recruited 94 women with polycystic ovary syndrome of reproductive age and 94 age-matched healthy women. All patients were subjected to molecular genetic analysis of pentanucleotide ((tttta)n) polymorphism at -528 position within the promoter region of the CYP11A1 gene, rs743572 polymorphism within the CYP17A1 gene, and rs2470152 polymorphism within the CYP19A1 gene. We further compared the frequencies of respective genotypes and alleles between the groups.

Results. Genotype distribution of the indicated polymorphisms did not differ significantly between the groups. However, for CYP11A1 (tttta)n polymorphism, a trend to the accumulation of the alleles with a large number of (tttta)n-repeats was observed in women with polycystic ovary syndrome as compared to healthy women. The most common were VNTR genotypes with 6/6, 6/8 and 8/8 pentanucleotide repeats.

Conclusion. The studied polymorphisms of cytochrome genes did not affect the risk of PCOS in the examined group of women. Our study may be useful for the further meta-analyses related to the genetic predisposition to PCOS.
Hyvinvointi vanhuudessa – valmistautumista, sopeutumista, luopumista ja hyväksymistä
Authors: Pirhonen Jari , Tuominen Katariina , Jolanki Outi , Jylhä Marja
Published: October 2019

Tässä tutkimuksessa tarkoituksemme oli kartoittaa, miten eläkeikäiset ihmiset kuvaavat vanhenemista ja miten he tuovat puheessaan esille vanhenemisen erilaisia vaiheita ja siirtymiä. Tutkimuksen keskeisenä tavoitteena oli selvittää miten vanhat ihmiset itse näkevät vanhenemisen ja hyvinvoinnin suhteen. Tutkimusmenetelmänä olivat ryhmäkeskustelut ja aineistona keskustelunauhoituksista tehdyt litteraatit. Aineisto analysoitiin sisällönanalyysin keinoin. Osallistujat toivat esille erilaisia hyvinvoinnin ulottuvuuksia sekä keinoja, joilla hyvinvointia pidettiin yllä silloinkin, kun toimintakyky oli heikentynyt iän karttuessa. Nimesimme nämä keinot: varsinaiseen vanhuuteen valmistautuminen, ikääntymismuutoksiin sopeutuminen, totutuista tekemisistä luopuminen ja luopumisen hyväksyminen. Tärkeä havainto on se, että luopumisen hyväksyminen toi tilaa uusille asioille ja mielenkiinnon kohteille. Luopumisen hyväksyminen myös mahdollisti hyvinvoinnin ylläpitämistä muistojen kautta. Tutkimuksen tulokset vahvistavat näkemystä hyvinvoinnin moniulotteisuudesta ja vanhoista ihmisistä heterogeenisena joukkona. Näitä tutkimustuloksia voidaan käyttää esimerkiksi ikääntyneiden palveluja kehitettäessä.
SISTEM INFORMASI PENGELOLAAN HOTEL DI KOTA PADANG MENGGUNAKAN MAPBOX GRAPHIC LIBRARY BERBASIS FRAMEWORK CODEIGNITER
Authors: Dirwanto Taufik , Huda Asrul , Hadi Ahmaddul
Published: October 2019

Perhotelan merupakan alat vital yang melayani wisatawan lokal dan internasional di Kota Padang. Masalah muncul ketika informasi terbatas dari keramahan membuat sulit bagi wisatawan yang ingin memesan hotel. Perancangan sistem informasi manajemen hotel di Kota Padang bertujuan untuk menghasilkan sistem informasi berbasis web yang dapat memberikan informasi hotel sehingga memudahkan wisatawan dalam mencari hotel. Perkembangan teknologi informasi termasuk Sistem Informasi Manajemen (SIM). Penggunaan peta digital Mapbox untuk membangun Sistem Informasi Manajemen (SIM) menjadi salah satu sarana efektif untuk media promosi dan informasi hotel di kota Padang. Perancangan sistem informasi manajemen hotel di Kota Padang menggunakan visualisasi model UML (Unified Modeling Language) dengan diagram visualisasi berorientasi objek. Metode pengembangan sistem menggunakan model Prototype. Bahasa pemrograman yang digunakan adalah bahasa pemrograman PHP (PHP Hypertext Preprocessor) berdasarkan framework codeigniter dan Javascript, AJAX, dengan MySQL sebagai Database Management System (DBMS), dan Sublime Text 3 sebagai editor. Perancangan sistem informasi menampilkan informasi tentang lokasi hotel bersama dengan layanan pelacakan atau arah menggunakan GPS, jenis kamar, harga, fasilitas, rating, dan ulasan yang tersedia.
Dynamic Analysis Of Soil Erosion-Based Watershed Health
Authors: Hazbavi Zeinab , Sadeghi Seyed Hamidreza , Gholamalifard Mehdi
Published: October 2019

Accelerated soil erosion is one of the most important detrimental factors affecting the quality of the watershed health. Due to different environmental pressures and drivers, the effort is needed for ecological health and resilience assessment in regards to erosion changeability. However, this important subject has not been adequately studied yet. Towards this, in the present research, an innovative approach was developed for conceptualizing the watershed health dynamics in viewpoint of soil erosion. A risk-based study was conducted to quantitatively characterize the spatiotemporal variability of erosion-based health in an industrialized watershed i.e., the Shazand Watershed using the conceptual reliability, resilience and vulnerability (RelResVul) framework for four node years of 1986, 1998, 2008 and 2014. To this end, the soil erosion was estimated at monthly scale in 24 sub-watersheds by applying the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE). The RelResVul indicators were then computed according to the threshold defined for the study watershed. A geometric mean was used to combine the three risk indicators and the erosion-based watershed health index was ultimately calculated for each study sub-watershed. Additionally, the change detection analysis was conducted over the years of 1986 to 2014. According to the results of erosion-based the RelResVul indices, very healthy, healthy, moderately healthy, unhealthy and very un-healthy conditions in the Shazand Watershed were respectively distributed over some 67, 25, zero, zero and eight percent for 1986; 50, 13, eight, zero and 29 % for 1998; 71, eight, 83, zero, zero and eight percent for 2008 and finally 71, zero, 17, zero and 12 % for 2014. The results of change detection revealed an oscillating trend of erosion-based watershed health index during the whole study period (1986 -2014). So that, during periods of 1986-1998, 1986-2008 and 1986-2014, the watershed health decreased at tune of 23, 13 and six percent, respectively. Whilst, the watershed health improved during study periods of 1998-2008 (13 %), 2008-2014 (eight percent) and 1998-2014 (22 %). The results also identified ‘hot spots’ of the most important index of land degradation and ‘bright spots’ of land improvement in the Shazand Watershed.The proposed approach would provide a sustainable framework supporting decision makers to comprehend health-related soil erosion targets according to the integrated watershed management plans.
The Principle of Public Relations in Leadership in Educational Institutions
Authors: Thahir Ali Bin
Published: October 2019

Leadership within specialized institutions in educational institutions has a very urgent function in facilitating comparative achievements among followers, also providing opportunities for them to develop and innovate. A leader also has an important role in the development of the institution he leads, where the leader becomes an effective communicator that he can actually establish a good communication relationship between personal leaders and followers, as well as those who do not only within the internal relations circle, however, a good relationship must extend beyond the institution's discussion room to the social discussion space around the institution because educational institutions are related to institutions that relate to the surrounding social community. A leader must be able to establish a good relationship between himself, his followers and also the social environment around the institution that might be more focused on the parents of the institution's students, so the principles of public relations must be needed in researchers in educational institutions, because the basis of success in social life is good communication between social individuals.
Demandas Populares Urbanas no Brasil: Formas Educativas da População
Authors: Gohn Maria
Published: October 2019

Objetiva sistematizar c refletir sobre as principais demandas formuladas pelas camadas populares, em núcleos urbanos brasileiros, em especial na cidade de São Paulo, nas fases do Brasil Colônia, Império e primeiros anos da República. Interessa-nos, em geral, nas demandas relativas ao cotidiano daquelas camadas, as que dizem respeito à aquisição de bens e equipamentos coletivos para sobrevivência no dia-a-dia. Em particular, interessa-nos as demandas relativas aos aparelhos e sistemas educacionais existentes na época. As fontes básicas dos dados deste trabalho são estudos, teses e livros, assim como a literatura e as atas de órgãos públicos oficiais da época (Atas das Câmaras Municipais).

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to discuss the main popular demands in urban centres during the Colonial and Imperial periods of Brazil histoiy, and the initial decades of the Republic in the XX century. We are interested in the everyday demands that refer to the public equipment used for survival in that time. The basic source of information in this paper are: researches, studies, tesys and books, and also the literature and public documents from the analized period.

Résumé

Ce travail a pour objectif sistématiser et reflechir sur les principales revindications formulées par les couches populaires dans les centres urbains pendant le Brésil-Colonie, 1'Empire et les premières années de là Republique. Ce que nous interesse, en general, ce sont les demandes concernant le quotidien de ces couches, celles qui ont à I 'acquisition de biens et d'equipements collectifs pour là survie au jour. D 'un point de vue particulier, ce qui nous interesse ce sont les demandes qui se rapportent aux appareils et aux systèmes éducationnels existants à cette époque-là. Les principales sources des donnés de ce travail sont des études, des thèses et des livres ainsi que là littérature et les Actes des Chambres Municipales recouvrant les périodes mentionnées ci-dessus.

Resumen

El trabajo tiene por objetivo sistematizar y reflexionar sobre Ias principales demandas formuladas por Ias clases populares de los núcleos urbanos, en Ia época del Brasil Colônia, Império y primeiros anos de là República. Nos interesan, en general, Ias demandas relativas al cotidiano de aquellas clases, principalmente, las que se refieren a là adquisición de bienes y equipamientos colectivos para su sobrevivência diária. En particular, nos interesan, Ias demandas relativas a los aparatosy sistemas educacionales en là época. Las fuentes básicas de datos de este trabajo son: estúdios, tesis y libros, así como también literatura y actas de organismos públicos oficiales de Ia época.
Actualización del catálogo florístico de Sierra Morena oriental (centro-sur de la Península Ibérica, España)
Authors: Fernández García-Rojo Carlos , Mendías Carlos Salazar
Published: October 2019

Update of the floristic catalog of Eastern Sierra Morena (south-central Iberian Peninsula, Spain).Palabras clave: Corología, flora vascular, Ciudad Real, Jaén, Albacete, Castilla-La Mancha, Andalucía.Key words: Chorology, vascular flora, Ciudad Real, Jaén, Albacete, Castile-La Mancha, Andalusia.
Sewing Thread Consumption for Chain Stitches of Class 400 using Geometrical and Multilinear Regression Models
Authors: Malek Sarah , Khedher Faouzi , Adolphe Dominique C. , Jaouachi Boubaker
Published: October 2019

This work deals with determination of rapid and precise methods to predict the amount of sewing thread needed to sew a garment using different chain stitches of the class 400 (from 401 to 407 chain stitches). At first, to avoid unused stocks, sewing consumption value was determined using a geometrical method (based on different chain stitch shapes). The prediction of the sewing thread consumption was proposed as a function of the studied input parameters, which are fabric thickness, stitch density, yarn linear density, and stitch width. Then, a statistical method based on the multilinear regression was studied. Geometrical and statistical results were discussed. Based on the R2 range, we concluded that the geometrical method is more accurate than the statistical one (from 98.16 to 99.19% and from 97.30 to 98.51%, respectively). Thus, this result encourages industrialists to use geometrical models to predict thread consumption.

Also, all studied parameters, contributing to the sewing thread consumption behavior, were investigated and analyzed. The result shows that the most important parameters affecting thread consumption are stitch density followed by stitch width and fabric thickness. The yarn density has a low contribution on the thread consumption value.
RUSSIAN DETACHED COORDINATED ATTRIBUTES IN THE MIRROR OF THE PERSIAN LANGUAGE
Authors: Shorehdeli Aliyari Mahboubeh , Mohammadi Mohammad Reza , Shojaee Reyhane
Published: October 2019

This article is focused on a comparative analysis of sentences with detached coordinated attributes in the Russian and Persian languages. Detachment is one of the most common ways of complicating simple sentences in the Russian language. Detachment in the Russian language is realized by a change of a rhythmic structure and intonation of the secondary member of the sentence in order to give them a semantic and syntactic independence in the sentence. The conditions and ways of detaching the secondary members of the sentence in the Russian language, differentiation of simple sentences with detached members from complex ones, as well as translation of these sentences always cause difficulties for Iranian students. It is therefore necessary to conduct contrastive-comparative studies in this field. The novelty of the research is determined by the fact that for the first time the question of detached coordinated attributes has been considered in a comparative Russian-Persian study by drawing on translation of literary texts. The analysis is carried out on the basis of 70 examples, collected from various Russian literary works that have been translated into Persian. Our analysis shows that the use of the conjunction [ke] and the addition [ye / i] to the defined word in Persian are the most matching Russian detached coordinated attributes.
THE LEXIS OF BUSINESS CHINESE LANGUAGE: SEMANTIC DESCRIPTION
Authors: Ulyanova K. A.
Published: October 2019

Business Chinese is a tool for trade and economic cooperation between Russia and China. During such interaction the lexical choice problem depending on the circumstances of a specific communication situation comes to the fore. This article deals with the business Chinese special words as a part of the lexical system of business Chinese. The author attempts to integrate Russian and Chinese researchers’ approaches to the classification of business vocabulary. The main kinds of word formation are described for words from the second part of the “List of the common business Chinese words”. 1422 words from the second part of the “List” became the subject of content analysis in order to determine the frequency of usage and relative frequency for word-formation elements. The author provides some ways of synonymic and antonymic rows formation, illustrates the specificity of polysemy and homonymy in business Chinese. The stylistic features of such special words as terms, neologisms, loan words, clichés, elements of Classical Chinese (wenyan), formulas of politeness, euphemisms are analyzed. This paper reflects the main trends in the development of business Chinese lexical system: the evolution of the words’ content plane in terms of words transition from the sphere of business communication to the wide usage and vice versa. The subject field of “entrepreneurial activity” is presented in the form of a frame system that makes it possible to model the sequence of word usage in business communication. The lexical choice in business Chinese is made by native speakers considering stylistic differentiation of words according to the status of the addresser and the addressee.
CONTEXTUAL FACTORS OF METAPHORICAL FRAMING IN ECONOMIC DISCOURSE
Authors: Andryukhina T. V.
Published: October 2019

This study takes an integrated discourse-cognitive approach to the analysis of contextual factors that motivate conceptual evolution of metaphorical frames in economic discourse. In contrast to looking at conceptual metaphor models in isolation or out of context, doing metaphor research from the perspective of contextual factors gives insight into the motivation of metaphor choice and origins of conceptual evolution as well as facilitates understanding and interpretation of metaphorical meaning construction. The evolutionary aspects of metaphorical frames in extra linguistic context of economic discourse have not been thoroughly covered in Russian research literature. This paper attempts to identify some contextual effects on metaphorical framing in economic discourse and analyze some examples evidencing the importance of discourse-cognitive approach for metaphorical frames evolution research. The theoretical framework of this study is formed by the groundbreaking theories of conceptual metaphor, metaphorical framing, conceptual evolution and abundant research examining metaphor dynamics in different types of discourse. The empirical data gleaned and analyzed in this paper indicate the dynamic variation of metaphorical frames motivated by the social context of economic discourse production.
MANIPULATION TECHNIQUES OF DISSEMINATING MISINFORMATION AS A MEANS OF GENERATING ANTI-RUSSIAN PROPAGANDA IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE MEDIA HEADLINES: A CASE STUDY OF THE 2018 SALISBURY ATTACK AS DEPICTED IN THE ENGLISH-LANGUAGE NEWS STORIES
Authors: Fomina T. A. , Butsyk E. D.
Published: October 2019

The paper attempts to describe a number of linguistic and pragmatic aspects of modeling the anti-Russian discourse in the English language media headlines. The authors focus on the coverage of the Skripal poisoning case and the specific language means employed by a range of English-language news sources, such as The Guardian, BBC, CNN, Politico, The Mirror, The Daily Mail, The New Zealand Herald, The Herald. The results of the study indicate that one of the most effective and widespread media manipulation techniques is misinformation accompanied by a discrepancy between the headline and the content of the article. The research seeks to classify manipulation techniques according to the way of their actualization in the language and the degree of misinformation: full fabrication, partial fabrication, manipulated content, selective quoting, false connection, emphasizing communication relevant elements by means of the actual division of the sentence. The implementation of such manipulation techniques is aimed at shaping public opinion on the incident at issue in order to promote a negative image of Russia and its leader in terms of their alleged involvement in the Skripal attack.
ALLUSIVE ELEMENTS IN JULIAN FELLOWES’S PAST IMPERFECT AND AMOR TOWLES’S RULES OF CIVILITY (SOCIOLINGUISTIC AND COMPARATIVE APPROACHES)
Authors: Ivushkina T. A.
Published: October 2019

In the focus of the article are allusive elements (allusions and quotations) in two novels − Past Imperfect by Julian Fellowes (Great Britain) and Rules of Civility by Amor Towles (USA) which are studied from sociolinguistic and comparative points of view in order to determine correlation between allusive elements used in the text and social status of an author/personage, common “core” of allusions in both novels and culturally specific types of allusive elements serving as signs of identity. Both contemporary writers have classical education at the best universities and socially belong to the classes depicted in their novels. On the material of two novels it has been revealed that allusive elements are proper to upper class speech, and literature abounding in allusions is aimed at the reader of the same social background. There were singled out different types of allusions common for both British and American novels and culturally specific allusive elements signaling the identity of the speaker. The comparative study allows one to see historical background underpinning culturally specific varieties of allusions as well as the results of sweeping processes of globalization.