bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Heat transfer evaluation of (CaTe+SiC) hybrid nanofluid flow based RT42 HC (Rubitherm) phase change material: Cooling photovoltaic panels application
Authors: Al Qarni A. A. , Elsaid Essam M. , Eid Mohamed R. , Abdel-Aty Abdel-Haleem , Alqarni Awatif J. , Abdel-wahed Mohamed S.
Published: June 2024

This paper inspects the combined effects of heat and mass transfers in a hybridized Williamson viscous nanofluid composed of cadmium telluride (CdTe) and silicon carbide (SiC) nanoparticles in RT42 (Rubitherm) as base fluid in the existence of heat source and thermal radiative aspects. Knowing that the base fluid RT42 is a phase change material (PCM), it is also considered that the surface on which the nanofluid flows is an expandable surface with varying thickness. The influence of chemical reactions process and viscous dissipation on the flow and temperature of the hybridized nanofluid is examined. The parameters’ influences on the problem are evaluated after setting appropriate similarity transformations to transform the collection of major partial differential equations (PDEs) into nondimensional ordinary differential equations (ODEs). The study concludes that the presence of hybridized nanoparticles of CdTe and SiC reduces the horizontal and vertical surface frictional forces of the hybrid nanofluid. The integration of nanoparticles in RT42 enhances heat transfer rates and reduces mass transfer. The thermal radiative variable declines the heat transfer of hybridized nanofluid. The results indicate that altering the variable parameter of surface thickness reduces frictional forces in both directions.
An Approach to Normal Fuzzy (m,n)-Subnear Rings
Authors: Mohammadi Fahime , Davvaz Bijan
Published: June 2024

In this paper, first the fuzzy set and [Formula: see text]-[Formula: see text]-near ring then fuzzy subgroups, fuzzy [Formula: see text]-subnear ring and finally fuzzy ideals are defined. We state and prove theorems in these cases. Also in the next chapter, normal fuzzy subnear ring expressed and theorems about normal fuzzy subnear rings is expressed and proved.
Fast Generation of Low PAPR and Low Sidelobe Noise Waveform
Authors: Li Hui , Wu Huibin , Wang Hong , Zou Borong , Zhang Kai
Published: June 2024

Noise radar waveform, as an important waveform in the field of low-probability-of-intercept radars, has been widely studied. However, the general noise waveform has a high peak average power ratio (PAPR), which leads to a reduction of signal-to-noise ratio. Thus, it is necessary to control the noise waveform PAPR to a suitable range. In this paper, the PAPR value reduction problem of low sidelobe noise waveform is studied. First, the proposed new algorithm is given a general overview. Then, the Combined Spectral Shaping and Peak-to-Average Power Ratio Reduction (COSPAR) algorithm is adjusted according to the alternate projection method and phase retrieval algorithm, and an improved COSPAR (ICOSPAR) algorithm with a faster execution speed and higher waveform generation efficiency is derived. The specific method performs waveform projection between the spectral constraint domain and the PAPR constraint domain and then evaluates the computational load of the ICOSPAR algorithm. Simulation results show that the ICOSPAR algorithm is reliable and efficient in generating low PAPRs and low sidelobe noise waveforms.
Reproducibility Report for the Paper: "Spatial/Temporal Locality-based Load-sharing in Speculative Discrete Event Simulation on Multi-core Machines"
Authors: Tan Wen Jun
Published: June 2024

All Badges available in this process are awarded to the paper “Spatial/Temporal Locality-based Load-sharing in Speculative Discrete Event Simulation on Multi-core Machines”. The authors have uploaded their artifacts to Zenodo, which ensures a long-term retention of the artifact. This paper can thus receive the
Artifacts Available
badge. The artifact allows for easy re-running of experiments for 14 Figures and 4 tables. All of the dependencies are documented. The software in the artifact runs correctly with minimal intervention, and is relevant to the paper, earning the
Artifacts Evaluated–Functional
badge. The experimental results are reproduced in 9 experiments, which gains the
Results Reproduced
badge. Furthermore, since the artifact is also available on GitHub, the paper is assigned the
Artifacts Evaluated–Reusable
badge.
Folate Metabolism and Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Genetic Pathway Analysis from the Childhood Cancer and Leukemia International Consortium
Authors: Metayer Catherine , Spector Logan G. , Scheurer Michael E. , Jeon Soyoung , Scott Rodney J. , Takagi Masatoshi , Clavel Jacqueline , Manabe Atsushi , Ma Xiaomei , Hailu Elleni M. , Lupo Philip J. , Urayama Kevin Y. , Bonaventure Audrey , Kato Motohiro , Meirhaeghe Aline , Chiang Charleston W.K. , Morimoto Libby M. , Wiemels Joseph L.
Published: June 2024

Background:

Prenatal folate supplementation has been consistently associated with a reduced risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Previous germline genetic studies examining the one carbon (folate) metabolism pathway were limited in sample size, scope, and population diversity and led to inconclusive results.

Methods:

We evaluated whether ∼2,900 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) within 46 candidate genes involved in the folate metabolism pathway influence the risk of childhood ALL, using genome-wide data from nine case-control studies in the Childhood Cancer and Leukemia International Consortium (n = 9,058 cases including 4,510 children of European ancestry, 3,018 Latinx, and 1,406 Asians, and 92,364 controls). Each study followed a standardized protocol for quality control and imputation of genome-wide data and summary statistics were meta-analyzed for all children combined and by major ancestry group using METAL software.

Results:

None of the selected SNPs reached statistical significance, overall and for major ancestry groups (using adjusted Bonferroni P-value of 5 × 10−6 and less-stringent P-value of 3.5 × 10−5 accounting for the number of “independent” SNPs). None of the 10 top (nonsignificant) SNPs and corresponding genes overlapped across ancestry groups.

Conclusions:

This large meta-analysis of original data does not reveal associations between many common genetic variants in the folate metabolism pathway and childhood ALL in various ancestry groups.

Impact:

Genetic variants in the folate pathway alone do not appear to substantially influence childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia risk. Other mechanisms such as gene–folate interaction, DNA methylation, or maternal genetic effects may explain the observed associations with self-reported prenatal folate intake.
Anti-Claudin-2 Antibody–Drug Conjugates for the Treatment of Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis
Authors: Tabariès Sébastien , Robert Alma , Marcil Anne , Ling Binbing , Acchione Mauro , Lippens Julie , Pagé Martine , Fortin Annie , Meury Luc , Coutu Mathieu , Annis Matthew G. , Girondel Charlotte , Navarre Julie , Jaramillo Maria , Moraitis Anna N. , Siegel Peter M.
Published: June 2024

We have previously demonstrated that Claudin-2 is required for colorectal cancer (CRC) liver metastasis. The expression of Claudin-2 in primary CRC is associated with poor survival and highly expressed in liver metastases. Claudin-2 also promotes breast cancer liver metastasis by enabling seeding and cancer cell survival. These observations support Claudin-2 as a potential therapeutic target for managing patients with liver metastases. Antibody–drug conjugates (ADC) are promising antitumor therapeutics, which combine the specific targeting ability of monoclonal antibodies with the potent cell killing activity of cytotoxic drugs. Herein, we report the generation of 28 anti-Claudin-2 antibodies for which the binding specificities, cross-reactivity with claudin family members, and cross-species reactivity were assessed by flow cytometry analysis. Multiple drug conjugates were tested, and PNU was selected for conjugation with anti-Claudin-2 antibodies binding either extracellular loop 1 or 2. Anti-Claudin-2 ADCs were efficiently internalized and were effective at killing Claudin-2-expressing CRC cancer cells in vitro. Importantly, PNU-conjugated-anti-Claudin-2 ADCs impaired the development of replacement-type CRC liver metastases in vivo, using established CRC cell lines and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of CRC liver metastases. Results suggest that the development of ADCs targeting Claudin-2 is a promising therapeutic strategy for managing patients with CRC liver-metastatic disease who present replacement-type liver metastases.
Level of Perivascular Inflammation Is Significantly Lower Around the Left Internal Mammary Artery Than Around Native Coronary Arteries
Authors: Yuki Haruhito , Sundt Thoralf M. , Niida Takayuki , Suzuki Keishi , Kinoshita Daisuke , Fujimoto Daichi , Dey Damini , Lee Hang , McNulty Iris , Naganuma Toru , Nakamura Sunao , Usui Eisuke , Kakuta Tsunekazu , Jang Ik‐Kyung
Published: June 2024

Background

The left internal mammary artery (LIMA) is protected from developing atherosclerosis. Perivascular inflammation, which is closely associated with atherosclerosis, can be measured by perivascular adipose tissue attenuation on computed tomography angiography. Whether the absence of atherosclerosis in LIMA is related to the lower level of perivascular inflammation is unknown. This study was performed to compare the level of perivascular inflammation between LIMA in situ and native coronary arteries in patients with coronary artery disease.

Methods and Results

A total of 573 patients who underwent both computed tomography angiography and optical coherence tomography imaging were included. The level of perivascular adipose tissue attenuation between LIMA in situ and coronary arteries was compared. Perivascular adipose tissue attenuation around LIMA in situ was significantly lower around the 3 coronary arteries (−82.9 [−87.3 to −78.0] versus −70.8 [−75.9 to −65.9];
P
<0.001), irrespective of the level of pericoronary inflammation or the number of vulnerable features on optical coherence tomography. When patients were divided into high and low pericoronary inflammation groups, those in the high inflammation group had more target vessel failure (hazard ratio, 2.97 [95% CI, 1.16–7.59];
P
=0.017).

Conclusions

The current study demonstrated that perivascular adipose tissue attenuation was significantly lower around LIMA in situ than around native coronary arteries. The lower level of perivascular inflammation may be related to the low prevalence of atherosclerosis in LIMA.

Registration

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique Identifier: NCT04523194.
Age‐Related Risk of Stroke Following Ocular Motor Cranial Nerve Palsy
Authors: Choi Daye Diana , Cheon Dae Young , Park Kyung‐Ah , Han Kyung‐Do , Jung Jin‐Hyung , Oh Sei Yeul
Published: June 2024

Background

This cohort study aims to examine the relationship between the occurrence of cranial nerve palsy (CNP) affecting the third, fourth, or sixth cranial nerve and the subsequent risk of stroke, with a particular focus on the modulating effect of age on this association.

Methods and Results

We established a cohort of individuals diagnosed with third, fourth, or sixth CNP who underwent national health screening within 2 years of diagnosis from 2010 to 2017. A control group was matched by sex and age at a ratio of 1:5. Participants were followed until December 31, 2019. We use multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analyses to assess the association between ocular motor CNP and subsequent stroke stratified by age. Covariates including lifestyle, health behavior, underlying comorbidities, and Charlson comorbidity index score were also adjusted. Compared with the control group, the ocular motor CNP group had a higher risk of stroke after adjusting for potential confounders (hazard ratio [HR], 1.23 [95% CI,, 1.08–1.39]). The risk of stroke increased by 8.91 times in individuals with ocular motor CNP who were in their 30s (HR, 8.91 [95% CI, 1.63–48.66]). The risk increased by 2.49 times in those who were in their 40s, 1.78 times in those who were in their 50s, and 1.32 times in those who were in their 60s (HRs, 2.49, 1.78, and 1.32 [95% CI, 1.39–4.45, 1.31–2.42, and 1.08–1.62], respectively). However, for those who were in their 20s, 70s, or 80s, the incidence of stroke did not significantly increase.

Conclusions

Our study establishes an association between ocular motor CNP and an increased risk of stroke, particularly in young adults.
Role of Antitroponin Antibodies and Macrotroponin in the Clinical Interpretation of Cardiac Troponin
Authors: Salaun Erwan , Drory Samuel , Coté Marc‐André , Tremblay Veronic , Bédard Elisabeth , Steinberg Christian , Paré David , O'Connor Kim , Cieza Tomas , Coté Nancy , Poirier Paul , Douville Pierre , Blais Jonatan , Desmeules Philippe , Kalavrouziotis Dimitris , Mohammadi Siamak , Voisine Pierre , Bernier Mathieu , Pibarot Philippe , Thériault Sébastien
Published: June 2024

Cardiac troponin is extensively used as a biomarker in modern medicine due to its diagnostic capability for myocardial injury, as well as its predictive and prognostic value for cardiac diseases. However, heterophile antibodies, antitroponin antibodies, and macrotroponin complexes can be observed both in seemingly healthy individuals and patients with cardiac diseases, potentially leading to false positive or disproportionate elevation of cTn (cardiac troponin) assay results and introducing discrepancies in clinical interpretations with impact on medical management. In this review article, we describe the possible mechanisms of cTn release and the sources of variations in the assessment of circulating cTn levels. We also explore the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying antitroponin antibody development and discuss the influence exerted by macrotroponin complexes on the results of immunoassays. Additionally, we explore approaches to detect these complexes by presenting various clinical scenarios encountered in routine clinical practice. Finally, unsolved questions about the development, prevalence, and clinical significance of cardiac autoantibodies are discussed.
Heart Size Difference Drives Sex‐Specific Response to Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy: A Post Hoc Analysis of the MORE‐MPP CRT Trial
Authors: Wijesuriya Nadeev , Mehta Vishal , De Vere Felicity , Howell Sandra , Niederer Steven A. , Burri Haran , Sperzel Johannes , Calo Leonardo , Thibault Bernard , Lin Wenjiao , Lee Kwangdeok , Grammatico Andrea , Varma Niraj , Gwechenberger Marianne , Leclercq Christophe , Rinaldi Christopher A.
Published: June 2024

Background

Studies have reported that female sex predicts superior cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) response. One theory is that this association is related to smaller female heart size, thus increased relative dyssynchrony at a given QRS duration (QRSd). Our objective was to investigate the mechanisms of sex‐specific CRT response relating to heart size, relative dyssynchrony, cardiomyopathy type, QRS morphology, and other patient characteristics.

Methods and Results

This is a post hoc analysis of the MORE‐CRT MPP (More Response on Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy with Multipoint Pacing)  trial (n=3739, 28% women), with a subgroup analysis of patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy and left bundle‐branch block (n=1308, 41% women) to control for confounding characteristics. A multivariable analysis examined predictors of response to 6 months of conventional CRT, including sex and relative dyssynchrony, measured by QRSd/left ventricular end‐diastolic volume (LVEDV). Women had a higher CRT response rate than men (70.1% versus 56.8%,
P
<0.0001). In subgroup analysis, regression analysis of the nonischemic cardiomyopathy left bundle‐branch block subgroup identified QRSd/LVEDV, but not sex, as a modifier of CRT response (
P
<0.0039). QRSd/LVEDV was significantly higher in women (0.919) versus men (0.708,
P
<0.001). CRT response was 78% for female patients with QRSd/LVEDV greater than the median value, compared with 68% with QRSd/LVEDV less than the median value (
P
=0.012). The association between CRT response and QRSd/LVEDV was strongest at QRSd <150 ms.

Conclusions

In the nonischemic cardiomyopathy left bundle‐branch block population, increased relative dyssynchrony in women, who have smaller heart sizes than their male counterparts, is a driver of sex‐specific CRT response, particularly at QRSd <150 ms. Women may benefit from CRT at a QRSd <130 ms, opening the debate on whether sex‐specific QRSd cutoffs or QRS/LVEDV measurement should be incorporated into clinical guidelines.
Prognostic Utility of Pericardial Effusion in the General Population: Findings From the STAAB Cohort Study
Authors: Sahiti Floran , Cejka Vladimir , Schmidbauer Lena , Albert Judith , Kerwagen Fabian , Frantz Stefan , Gelbrich Götz , Heuschmann Peter U. , Störk Stefan , Morbach Caroline , Maack Christoph , Ertl Georg , Wanner Christoph , Leyh Rainer , Volkmann Jens , Deckert Jürgen , Faller Hermann , Jahns Roland
Published: June 2024

Background

The incidental finding of a pericardial effusion (PE) poses a challenge in clinical care. PE is associated with malignant conditions or severe cardiac disease but may also be observed in healthy individuals. This study explored the prevalence, determinants, course, and prognostic relevance of PE in a population‐based cohort.

Methods and Results

The STAAB (Characteristics and Course of Heart Failure Stages A/B and Determinants of Progression) cohort study recruited a representative sample of the population of Würzburg, aged 30 to 79 years. Participants underwent quality‐controlled transthoracic echocardiography including the dedicated evaluation of the pericardial space. Of 4965 individuals included at baseline (mean age, 55±12 years; 52% women), 134 (2.7%) exhibited an incidentally diagnosed PE (median diameter, 2.7 mm; quartiles, 2.0–4.1 mm). In multivariable logistic regression, lower body mass index and higher NT‐proBNP (N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide) levels were associated with PE at baseline, whereas inflammation, malignancy, and rheumatoid disease were not. Among the 3901 participants attending the follow‐up examination after a median time of 34 (30–41) months, PE was found in 60 individuals (1.5%; n=18 new PE, n=42 persistent PE). Within the follow‐up period, 37 participants died and 93 participants reported a newly diagnosed malignancy. The presence of PE did not predict all‐cause death or the development of new malignancy.

Conclusions

Incidental PE was detected in about 3% of individuals, with the vast majority measuring <10 mm and completely resolving. PE was not associated with inflammation markers, death, incident heart failure, or malignancy. Our findings corroborate the view of current guidelines that a small PE in asymptomatic individuals can be considered an innocent phenomenon and does not require extensive short‐term monitoring.
Almohad-Era Jewish Jurisprudence: Moses Maimonides and Joseph Ibn ʿAqnīn
Authors: Herman Marc
Published: June 2024

Sarah Stroumsa’s 2009 Maimonides in his World spurred much reconsideration of Almohad influence on medieval Jewish thought. Many now accept that Almohad ideology was at least one crucible in which Moses Maimonides’s thought was forged. This paper broadens exploration of Almohad influences to include Maimonides’s understudied contemporary Joseph ben Judah Ibn ʿAqnīn. It focuses on the jurisprudential theories propounded by these two thinkers in order to evaluate the extent to which their views can be considered distinctively Almohad. Assessment of medieval Jewish legal theory in light of earlier Andalusian and developing Almohad thought allows for a fine-grained level of analysis, pinpointing when Jews endorsed Almohad ideas and when they ratified claims of other schools of Islamic law. In the end, at least on questions of jurisprudence, Maimonides and Ibn ʿAqnīn must be understood within several overlapping and mutually reinforcing traditions, namely, Andalusian Rabbanism, reformed Mālikism, and early Almohadism.
Disease Prevention in a Communist State and the Second Epidemiological Transition: The Case of Post-war Poland
Authors: Stasiak Marcin , Szpak Ewelina
Published: June 2024

This article examines the issue of disease prevention in Poland under communist rule. The analysis is primarily focused on the second epidemiological transition – the process of displacing infectious diseases as the main cause of morbidity and mortality by chronic and degenerative conditions. The epidemiological transition coincided with the establishment of the new authorities and the stabilization of the socio-political order that the communists had introduced. This text will explore the interdependence of the political system and prophylaxis. Two interrelated problems are identified: the first is the role of the state in curbing infectious diseases; and the second is the ability of state institutions to identify and respond to new threats. The latter issue is considered in relation to the sharp rise in the incidence of cancer. This article demonstrates that the relationship between state and individual inherent in the authoritarian communist state was reflected in the ways in which prevention policies operated.
I. Enclosure
Authors: Lähnemann Henrike , Schlotheuber Eva
Published: June 2024

The opening story from the 15th-century nun’s diary about their enforced flight to Braunschweig illustrates the centrality of the concept of leading a cloistered life for medieval nuns. Contrasting the makeshift arrangements during their absence with the ideal layout of a prototypical female monastic community, the chapter explores the living spaces of medieval nuns which are designed to cater for their sacred and economic needs. The visual example to close the chapter is the monumental 14th-century map from the convent of Ebstorf, which includes representations of world history as well as the physical geography of Northern Germany.
8. Algorithms Against Antisemitism?
Authors: Steffen Elisabeth , Pustet Milena , Mihaljević Helena
Published: June 2024

The proliferation of hateful and violent speech in online media underscores the need for technological support to combat such discourse, create safer and more inclusive online environments, support content moderation and study political-discourse dynamics online. Automated detection of antisemitic content has been little explored compared to other forms of hate-speech. This chapter examines the automated detection of antisemitic speech in online and social media using a corpus of online comments sourced from various online and social media platforms. The corpus spans a three-year period and encompasses diverse discourse events that were deemed likely to provoke antisemitic reactions. We adopt two approaches. First, we explore the efficacy of Perspective API, a popular content- moderation tool that rates texts in terms of, e.g., toxicity or identity-related attacks, in scoring antisemitic content as toxic. We find that the tool rates a high proportion of antisemitic texts with very low toxicity scores, indicating a potential blind spot for such content. Additionally, Perspective API demonstrates a keyword bias towards words related to Jewish identities, which could result in texts being falsely flagged and removed from platforms. Second, we fine-tune deep learning models to detect antisemitic texts. We show that OpenAI’s GPT-3.5 can be fine-tuned to effectively detect antisemitic speech in our corpus and beyond, with F1 scores above 0.7. We discuss current achievements in this area and point out directions for future work, such as the utilisation of prompt-based models.
The Failed Concept of Treatment Resistance
Authors: Putman H. Paul
Published: June 2024

The use of the term “treatment resistance” (TR) in psychiatry has blossomed over the last two decades, with 20%–60% of all cases now labeled as such. Remaining effective treatment options, however, can be identified for two‐thirds of these cases. There is no consensus on definition or criteria for TR within any diagnostic category, and literature review supports a broad range of individual causes of treatment failure (TF), rather than an actual entity of TR. Application of the TR label inhibits a practitioner's search for the true cause(s) of TF, a disservice to the trust patients place in us and their hope for recovery. It also threatens to worsen prognosis by unnecessarily extending the length of an index or recurrent episode, and increases the risk of death and burden of disease by prolonging categorical and functional impairments. We must view TF as a stage of treatment, still expecting and seeking eventual remission, rather than applying TR as an endpoint and an unsanctioned pseudo diagnosis. We must always recall that the clinical tasks we face are inherently complex; routine solutions are unlikely to fit and often lead to TF. The actual value we offer our patients is our problem‐solving skill and our willingness to be with them through the difficulties of reaching their goals. We can address so‐called TR, or, rather, TF by confirming our diagnostic validity and accuracy, the thoroughness of our evaluations and monitoring efforts, the clarity of our therapeutic guidance, and the quality of our therapeutic alliances.
Analyzing the effect of polydopamine cross-linked serine protease on anti-shrinkage finishing of wool using response surface methodology design
Authors: Zhao Puqi , Xu Peng
Published: June 2024

The polydopamine-cross-linked serine protease anti-felting process of wool fibers was optimized by response surface methodology to prepare wool fabrics with a low tendency to shrink and high strength. The effects of dopamine substrate concentration, serine protease substrate concentration, and reaction time on the physical properties and surface color of wool were investigated. The experimental data were fitted and analyzed by the polynomial regression model, and the predicted area shrinkage and breaking strength response of wool fabric were obtained. The results were analyzed by variance analysis to determine the important parameters for optimization. Wool fabrics were prepared under the conditions of dopamine substrate concentration of 0.834 g/l, serine protease substrate concentration of 2.5 g/l, and reaction world of 127 min. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that the surface of wool fibers was covered with a large amount of polydopamine and some edge scales were passivated. After 20 cycles of washing, the shrinkage area of wool fabric is from 1.49–7.25%, with good durability. In addition, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis results showed that the behavior of polydopamine-coated fibers prevented the excessive hydrolysis of scales by serine protease, and the crystallization index and solubility in alkaline solution increased.
The Impact of Weight Shifts on Inflation: Evidence for the Euro Area HICP
Authors: Knetsch Thomas Axel , Schwind Patrick , Weinand Sebastian
Published: June 2024

Shifts in household consumption feed into euro area inflation via the annual updating of product weights. The partial effect of weight changes on inflation is not quantified by statistical offices. We therefore propose a decomposition of the inflation rate, measured by the annual percentage change of the Harmonised Index of Consumer Prices (HICP), into the overall price change assuming weights at the previous year’s level and a weighting effect. We discuss this decomposition against a decomposition into pure price change and quantity effects. Our empirical results show that euro area inflation has been noticeably impacted by weighting effects since 2021. Before 2022, we observe a close relationship between weighting and quantity effects. As weighting effects can be calculated without delay from publicly available HICP data, we argue that this decomposition is relevant in terms of providing timely information for analysts and monetary policymakers.
Pain and psychopathology after intensive care unit admission
Authors: Smaisim Nour , Rijsdijk Mienke , van der Does Yuri , Slooter Arjen JC
Published: June 2024

Pain and psychopathology are observed in 18% and 55% of patients, respectively, 1 year after intensive care unit (ICU) admission. It is well known that chronic pain and psychopathology have a bidirectional relation in the general population, but it is not known whether this holds true for ICU survivors. The aim of this study was to investigate whether pain before, during and after ICU admission is related to psychopathology in ICU survivors 1 year after discharge. We performed a cohort study in a mixed ICU in the Netherlands between 2013 and 2016. At 1-year follow-up, patients completed the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Impact of Event Scale/Impact of Event Scale-Revised, and answered standardised questions regarding pain. Psychopathology was defined as having anxiety, depressive and/or post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. We used multivariable logistic regression analysis to evaluate the association of pain before, during and after ICU admission with psychopathology at 1 year follow-up. We included 1105 patients of whom 558 (50%) (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.48 to 0.54) had psychopathology at 1 year follow-up. Pain before ICU admission (odds ratio (OR) 1.18; 95% CI 1.10 to 1.26) and pain after ICU admission (OR 2.38; 95% CI 1.68 to 3.35) were associated with psychopathology. Pain during ICU stay was not associated with psychopathology, but the memory of insufficient pain management during ICU stay was (OR 2.19; 95% CI 1.39 to 3.45). Paying attention to pain and pain treatment experiences related to ICU admission may therefore contribute to early identification of ICU survivors at risk of psychopathology development.
Waste Water Management in Wet Coffee Processing Mills and their Impact on the Water quality status of Gidabo River and its Tributaries, Southern Ethiopia
Authors: Ulsido Mihret Dananto , Geleto Muhammed-Ziyad , Berego Yohannes Seifu
Published: June 2024

The Gidabo River and its tributaries are the main sources of water for more than 1,584,646 inhabitants. It is an important source of water for the surrounding rural communities for various uses such as domestic, irrigation, livestock watering, fishing, and recreation. The river is the main tributary of Lake Abaya. The present study was designed to investigate the water quality status of the Gidabo River and its tributaries for domestic and aquatic life. To assess the water quality status, water samples were collected in monthly intervals for a period of 3 months from September to November (coffee processing time), 2022. Arc GIS 9.3, 3 DEM, and spreadsheet were used to analyze the data collected from SRTM (Shuttle Radar Thematic Mapper, 90 m) and field observation. Of all the water quality parameters analyzed; turbidity, BOD5, DO, COD, pH, Ni, Fe, NO3−, and PO43− were higher than the recommended limits of national and international standards for aquatic life. Based on the Weighted Arithmetic Mean (WAM), Water Quality Index (WQI) calculations of the River, WQI value of the river ranges between 34.83 and 54.31 in different reaches of the watershed which is classified under bad category. The wet coffee processing industry which is the main sources of contamination in the watershed uses 63 L of processing water to produce 1 kg of green coffee beans. Traditional lagoons, with an average hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 1.99 days, are the most common methods of treating wastewater. The river is at higher risk from harmful anthropogenic activities in the watershed and requires urgent monitoring and mitigation to prevent further degradation.
HPV Vaccine Awareness, Past Behaviors, and Future Intentions Among a Diverse Sample of Fathers Aged 27 to 45 Years: A National Survey
Authors: Quist Kevin M. , Fontenot Holly B. , Zimet Gregory , Lim Eunjung , Matsunaga Masako , Liebermann Erica , Allen Jennifer D.
Published: June 2024

Men aged 27 to 45 are eligible for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination as of 2019, yet relatively little is known about whether they have received or intend to receive it. We conducted a cross-sectional, online survey among fathers aged 27 to 45 between March and April 2022, to assess associations between HPV vaccination awareness, behaviors, intentions, and psychosocial constructs from the Health Belief Model. We examined the characteristics of those who had (a) heard of the HPV vaccine, (b) already received ≥ 1 dose, and (c) intentions for future vaccination among those who had never been vaccinated. Among 400 men who completed the survey, 32% were not aware of the HPV vaccine. Among those who were aware, 41% had received ≥ 1 dose. Sixty-three percent of unvaccinated men reported that they intended to get vaccinated in the future. Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that age and race/ethnicity were associated with having been vaccinated previously. Among the unvaccinated, multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that those with a higher perceived risk of HPV-associated cancer had 3.73 greater odds of reporting they would seek vaccination compared to those with lower perceived risk (95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.28, 12.3]). We did not find perceived benefits, barriers, or decision self-efficacy to be related to future vaccine intentions. Since recommendations for this group include shared clinical decision-making, public health efforts should focus on raising awareness of vaccine eligibility, emphasizing risk factors for HPV-associated cancers so that individuals have an accurate perception of risk, and encouraging conversation between men and their providers.
Gift and ghost authorship and the use of authorship guidelines in psychology journals: A cross-sectional survey
Authors: De Peuter Steven , Reck Jana , Bellekens Steffi , Storms Gert
Published: June 2024

More than 800 (co-)authors participated in a large-scale cross-sectional survey on inappropriate attribution of authorship and the use of explicit authorship guidelines in psychological science (response rate 29.6%, predominantly from Europe and North America). Almost half of the respondents had been involved in a study where someone was added as an author who did not contribute substantially (gift authorship) at least a few times. Being involved in a study where someone was not listed as an author when they contributed substantially (ghost authorship) was experienced considerably less frequently. In approximately half of the respondents’ research settings, the use of explicit authorship guidelines is actively encouraged, leading to more frequent discussion of authorship in earlier stages, as well as to the perception of authorship decisions as fairer. Encouraging the use of explicit authorship guidelines is a simple yet effective intervention. Importantly, the American Psychological Association’s (APA) authorship guidelines are considerably more lenient than the widely used criteria of the Committee on Publication Ethics and the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors.
Review article: do stimulant laxatives damage the gut? A critical analysis of current knowledge
Authors: Whorwell Peter , Lange Robert , Scarpignato Carmelo
Published: June 2024

Stimulant laxatives are well established as first- or second-line treatments for constipation and although they have a reliable therapeutic effect, alleged safety concerns still exist, particularly with long-term use. The potential harmful effects on the gastrointestinal system (including carcinogenicity) of the long-term use of diphenylmethane [bisacodyl, sodium picosulfate (SPS)] and senna stimulant laxatives were assessed in a comprehensive review of the publications identified in literature searches performed in PubMed and Embase up to and including June 2023. We identified and reviewed 43 publications of interest. While stimulant laxatives at supratherapeutic doses have been shown to cause structural alterations to surface absorptive cells in animals and humans, these effects are reversible and not considered clinically relevant. No formal long-term studies have demonstrated morphological changes in enteric neural elements or intestinal smooth muscle with bisacodyl or SPS in humans. Furthermore, there is no convincing evidence that stimulant laxatives are associated with the development of colon cancer, and in fact, chronic constipation itself has been reported to potentially increase the risk of colon cancer, therefore, the use of stimulant laxatives might reduce this risk. Many studies suggesting a possible harmful effect from laxatives were limited by their failure to consider confounding factors such as concomitant neurological disease, metabolic disorders, and age. These findings highlight the lack of evidence for the harmful effects of laxatives on the colon, and thus, the benefits of treatment with stimulant laxatives, even in the long-term, should be reconsidered for the management of patients with constipation.
Androgen receptor, PARP signaling, and tumor microenvironment: the ‘perfect triad’ in prostate cancer?
Authors: Garofoli Marianna , Maiorano Brigida Anna , Bruno Giuseppina , Giordano Guido , Di Tullio Piergiorgio , Maselli Felicia Maria , Landriscina Matteo , Conteduca Vincenza
Published: June 2024

Aberrations in the homologous recombination repair (HRR) pathway in prostate cancer (PCa) provide a unique opportunity to develop therapeutic strategies that take advantage of the reduced tumor ability to repair DNA damage. Poly-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) have been shown to prolong the survival of PCa patients with HRR defects, particularly in those with Breast Cancer type 1 susceptibility protein/Breast Cancer type 2 susceptibility protein alterations. To expand the benefit of PARPi to patients without detectable HRR alterations, multiple preclinical and clinical studies are addressing potential synergies between PARPi and androgen receptor signaling inhibitors, and these strategies are also being evaluated in combination with other drugs such as immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, the effectiveness of these combining therapies could be hindered by multiple mechanisms of resistance, including also the role played by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In this review, we summarize the use of PARPi in PCa and the potential synergies with different molecular pathways. However, numerous unanswered questions remain, including the identification of the patient population that could benefit most from PARPi, determining whether to use PARPi as monotherapy or in combination, and finding the optimal timing of PARPi, expanding the use of genomic tests, and optimizing combination therapies.
Evaluation of nasolabial esthetics in 8- to 12-year-old patients with cleft lip and palate by healthcare professionals in Northeast Thailand
Authors: Pradubwong Suteera , Paggasang Yupin , Pisek Poonsak , Winaikosol Kengkart , Jenwitheesuk Kamonwan , Chowchuen Bowornsilp
Published: June 2024

Objective:

To assess the aesthetics of the nasolabial appearance of patients with cleft lip and palate aged 8–12 years by experienced and inexperienced professionals.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 32 patients with cleft lip and palate, who underwent surgery and follow-up treatment at the Cleft Center. The research tools included a parent-completed survey providing GO graphic data and two-dimensional frontal view photographs of patients from both left and right sides. The aesthetic of the lip, nose, and nasolabial region was evaluated by an experienced and inexperienced medical professional team in groups of four individuals. In addition, data analysis was performed using descriptive statistics, mean values, standard deviations, Cronbach’s alpha reliability coefficient, and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.

Results:

The average age of patients was 10.32 years, mainly male (65.63%), had unilateral cleft lip and palate (62.50%), and underwent bone grafting (96.88%). Regarding the assessment in three aspects, the aesthetic score assessed by experienced evaluators is fair level (2.64 ± 1.09) with an acceptable value of 0.73. In contrast, the inexperienced evaluator showed a high level (2.43 ± 0.83) with a high inter-rater reliability acceptable value of 0.60. Inexperienced evaluators showed higher scores for the lip and nasolabial region than experienced evaluators, which was statistically significant ( p-values < 0.01).

Conclusions:

The inexperienced evaluators showed significantly higher scores for appearance than experienced evaluators. This result can improve surgical techniques in future procedures to meet the needs of patients seeking lip and nasolabial appearance corrections across different age groups.
Cryptocurrencies as a Speculative Asset: How Much Uncertainty is Included in Cryptocurrency Price?
Authors: Ahsan Tayyaba , Zawadzki Krystian , Khan Mubashir
Published: June 2024

The aim of this paper is to examine the relationship between uncertainty indices (Geopolitical Uncertainty Index and Global Economic Policy Uncertainty Index) and cryptocurrencies. This study evaluated the behavior of cryptocurrencies with the evolution of uncertainties (GPU, EPU) on returns and volatility in terms of safe heaven as in traditional specualtive assets it increases their volaitility and reduces risk. For this purpose, this study examines the relationship between uncertanities indices, gold returns and crptocurrency by using the OLS regression for the monthly data from April 2017 to April 2022. The findings of this study indicate that the return and volatility of cryptocurrency increases. In particular, we note that the cryptocurrency market could serve as a weak hedge and safe against GEPU during a bull market; It could be considered a strong hedge, but in most cases could not serve as a safety against GPR. However, in case of Gold it is found that it serves as weak hedge against uncertainity indices and is not considered as safe heaven against GEPU and GPR. This study expands the current research on uncertainity indices and provides unique insight about the speculative nature of cryptocurrencies and safe heaven.
The Antecedents and Driving Factors of Social Entrepreneurial Behavior in Saudi Arabia. A Systematic Literature Review from the Last Decade
Authors: Osama Al Jameel , Adam Sabrinah
Published: June 2024

This study examines the factors and motivations behind social entrepreneurial behavior in Saudi Arabia, specifically highlighting the main findings. The research employs the Web of Science and Scopus databases to conduct a literature review following the PRISMA statement guidelines. Using the VOS viewer software, the analysis and identification of key terms result in three primary classifications. (1) The study of social entrepreneurial behavior and its consequences. (2) The examination of organizational dynamics and the creation of social value, including social innovation and corporate social responsibility. (3) The exploration of the relationship between the entrepreneurial ecosystem and planned behavioral constructs. The study explores Saudi Arabia’s efforts to promote entrepreneurial development and tackle ongoing challenges like high unemployment rates. The research highlights the potential of social entrepreneurship to create positive societal change. The text emphasizes the importance of improving the entrepreneurial ecosystem by focusing on cultural factors, social networks, institutional frameworks, investment capital, and economic policies. The findings enhance our comprehension of planned behavior outcomes in the context of social entrepreneurial behavior in Saudi Arabia.
Family Quality of Life for Rehabilitated Individuals: Evidence Based on Demographic, Psychological, and Rehabilitation Factors
Authors: Cheng Sanyin , Li Jiaqi , Luo Yan , Li Xuxu
Published: June 2024

Objectives: This study explores the effects of demographic, psychological, and rehabilitation factors on rehabilitated individuals’ family quality of life (FQoL).

Methods: Fifty-one rehabilitation patients were conveniently sampled in mainland China to complete a demographic sheet, the Psychological Stress Questionnaire, the MSPSS-C Scale, and the Grit Scale. Mean comparison, ANOVA, and regression were used to test the relationships among variables.

Results: Occupation and income were demographic factors slightly affecting FQoL. Middle-class participants had the highest FQoL and felt better about family interactions, parenting style, and physical and mental health. Psychological distress, two dimensions of risk perception, and physical and mental responses were psychological factors closely related to their recognition of their FQoL; family support impacted their recognition of the FQoL more directly than friends’ support; and individuals with more perseverance had higher recognition of the FQoL. Rehabilitation factors and treatment methods, duration, and satisfaction impacted family life treatment to varying degrees.

Conclusion: During rehabilitation, attention should be paid to the rehabilitation patients’ families, psychological factors, and treatment preferences. More reasonable and flexible rehabilitation programs should be provided.
Visibilizing Empowerment as Topological Resonances: Analysis of a Participatory Mapping and Enumeration Project as Strategy for Active Waiting for Housing in Khayelitsha (South Africa)
Authors: Jennifer Barella
Published: June 2024

Informal settlement livelihoods in South Africa are characterized by a structural waiting for housing improvements. Participatory mapping and enumeration (PME) are a key tool for Capetonians NGOs to tackle urban injustice and improve livelihoods. Unfortunately, PME evaluation and empowerment dynamics are often linked and reduced to the PME final output (data, cartographic artefact, etc.). Based on an action-research PME project implemented by a Capetonian local NGO and by S section informal settlement’s community (Khayelitsha), this paper explores PME as an empowering strategy for activating the waiting phase for housing. Drawing on postcolonial approach, this paper frames empowerment as “topological resonances” enabled during PME through the dual dynamics of “translation” and “connectedness.” Translation and connectedness are applied to the case study of S Section and allow for the capture of interstitial yet critical empowerment dynamics that go beyond PME outcomes alone.
Exploring Interactivity Strategies in Social Media Communications of Leading Universities: A Cross-Continental Study
Authors: Capriotti Paul , Carretón Carmen , Zeler Ileana
Published: June 2024

Social media has become an important tool for universities to implement strategies to promote, position and differentiate their brand identity, to establish and foster the communicative relationship with their stakeholders. This study explores the interactivity strategy developed in digital communication by 70 leading universities from Europe, the United States and Latin America. A specific quantitative methodology was designed to analyze the universities’ social media publications (90,241). The general communicative approach and the communication resources applied were studied through quantitative content analysis. Results show that the universities have an informational approach in their publications on social networks, with little differences among regions and platforms. Expositive and interactive resources are being used in a broad, integrated manner although there are some differences in each region and social network. Thus, the universities opt for a monological interactivity strategy in their digital institutional communication, with little differences between social networks. They are changing toward a model that continues to prioritize dissemination of information, but it is evolving toward more combination of various communication resources that make content more attractive to their publics. This research provides insights into interactivity strategies used by universities on social networks to develop effective digital communication strategies for enhancing engagement with publics.