bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In vitro Microtuber Induction and Regeneration of Plantlets from Microtuber Discs of Cultivated Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)
Authors: Borna Rita Sarah , Hoque MI , Sarker RH
Published: July 2019

In vitro microtuber induction potential of a popular potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) variety Diamant was examined using different supplements of growth regulators. Results showed that MS supplemented with 4.0 mg/l BAP, 1.0 mg/l IAA and 1.0 mg/l GA3 produced the best response towards microtuber induction from in vitro raised stem cuttings. Further, these in vitro raised microtubers were used to establish a highly efficient shoot regeneration system. Highest number of regenerated shoots were obtained from the peripheral region of microtuber disc explant on the MS containing 4.0 mg/l BAP and 2.0 mg/l IAA. Histological analysis revealed that microtuber periderm was composed of a several layers of uniform meristematic phellogen cells which were responded to growth hormones in the above mentioned medium producing healthy multiple shoots. Effective roots developed from these in vitro raised shoots on half strength of MS with 0.2 mg/l IBA. The plantlets were eventually acclimatized in pots containing soil for their establishment.

Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 29(1): 63-72, 2019 (June)
Use of Chitosan as Low Cost Source to Overcome Endophytic Contaminations under In vitro Conditions
Authors: Shivakumar Neeta , Hegde Manasa N
Published: July 2019

Abstract not available

Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 29(1): 121-126, 2019 (June)
In vitro Selection of Drought Stress Tolerance in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) var. Jarava
Authors: Obaid Omar H , Reddy SK
Published: July 2019

Abstract not available

Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 29(1): 127-131, 2019 (June)
Recent Advances in Phalaenopsis Orchid Improvement using Omics Approaches
Authors: Balilashaki Khosro , Zakizadeh Hedayat , Olfati Jamal Ali , Vahedi Maryam , Kumar Anuj , Indracanti Meera
Published: July 2019

With recent advances in high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies to improve plants, there is a need to release orchid specific genomic resources and platforms that are crucial for managing omics elements in systematic manner. Authors provide details about the recent developments in biotechnological techniques, genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and their applications for the industrial production, propagation, conservation and manipulation of Phalaenopsis orchid.

Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 29(1): 133-149, 2019 (June)
VARIACIONES ICONOGRÁFICAS DE LA CRUZ EN EL CEMENTERIO GENERAL DE TACNA (1880-2000)
Authors: Chaiña Flores Elard Vladimir
Published: July 2019

Esta investigación se realizó durante el periodo marzo 2014 - marzo 2015, sobre las variaciones iconográficas de la cruz, presente en las lápidas (1880- 2000) del Cementerio General de Tacna, siendo el objetivo principal la identificación, análisis e interpretación de la iconografía de la cruz. El estudio se centra en la comprensión iconográfica e iconológica del arte funerario. En tal sentido, se enmarca en la metodología de la investigación cualitativa y se concluye, que en el cementerio existen 11 variaciones iconográficas de la cruz que reflejan la realidad idealizada durante la Guerra del Pacífico y el Cautiverio de Tacna.
CIMARRONAJE DE CHINOS
Authors: Kapsoli Escudero Wilfredo
Published: July 2019

Durante la sociedad medieval en Europa y en el mundo colonial americano la palabra cimarrón, era el nombre con que se asignaba al ganado que vivía libre en los campos y alturas fuera de la ciudad. Cada cierto tiempo, generalmente al año, los dueños iban a recuperar estos animales en una práctica conocida como rodeo o chaco. Este concepto fue endilgado a los esclavos fugitivos de las haciendas y obrajes y posteriormente a los semi esclavos chinos. Estos hombres huían de los maltratos y explotación a que eran sometidos por los dueños de las plantaciones o ingenios azucareras y algodoneros. Ellos se convertían en bandoleros y en ocasiones formaban palenques (tierra liberada). Durante el siglo XIX los chinos cimarrones fueron motivo de cacerías y de rescate para el retorno a sus lugares de trabajo recibiendo mayor maltrato que recibían antes de la huida.
VIGENCIA DE LAS IDEAS DE JOSÉ CARLOS MARIÁTEGUI APUNTES PARA LA POLÉMICA
Authors: Montes Aranda César Augusto
Published: July 2019

Este artículo trata de demostrar que las ideas fundamentales de José Carlos Mariátegui todavía siguen vigentes desde el punto de vista histórico. También se plantea la hipótesis de que el socialismo revolucionario y el marxismo dialéctico de José Carlos Mariátegui han sido traicionados por las diversas ideologías dogmáticas como el marxismo stalinista de Eudocio Ravines y Jorge del Prado, el marxismo leninismo-maoísmo, pensamiento Gonzalo del Partido Comunista de Sendero Luminoso y otras ideologías.
FEDERICO BARRETO: HACE 155 AÑOS NACIÓ EL POETA DEL CAUTIVERIO
Authors: Rodríguez Vilca Carlos Alfonso
Published: July 2019

El 8 de febrero de 1862 nace en Tacna el poeta y periodista Federico Barreto, uno de los brillantes autores románticos que tiene el país. Solo tenía 17 años cuando Chile arremetió contra el Perú, por lo cual, sus cantos y poemas se insuflaron de un hondo patriotismo. Federico Barreto, fue miembro fundador del semanario El Progresista (1886) y del Círculo Vigil (1888), con su hermano José María Barreto, con quien integró el grupo denominado "La Bohemia Tacneña", en cuya revista literaria denominada Letras colaboraron: Rubén Darío, Clemente Palma, José Enrique Rodó, José Santos Chocano, entre otros autores.

Los hermanos Barreto, también dirigieron el periódico La Voz del Sur, una publicación que incomodó a los invasores chilenos porque sembró conciencia regional a través de sus escritos. Durante largos años los Barreto se mantuvieron firmes e indeclinables en la defensa de la soberanía nacional a través de las páginas de su periódico. La poesía y el periodismo fueron sus más profundas pasiones y las herramientas con las cuales defendieron sus ideas.
TACNA EN LA COYUNTURA DE 1929-1934
Authors: Panty Neyra Oscar
Published: July 2019

Un estudio de coyuntura, como la focalizada entre los años 1929-1934, nos lleva a comprender las condiciones adversas en que ocurrió la Reincorporación de Tacna a la heredad nacional, después de casi cincuenta años de sojuzgamiento bajo administración chilena. El Perú, país periférico del sistema capitalista mundial, vivía una crisis generalizada en todo orden de cosas. Tacna reincorporada reproduce las características del sistema jurídico político administrativo centralista y a la vez dependiente de los intereses del gran capital norteamericano; por lo que las promesas de su reivindicación, en mérito a su fidelidad nacional, fueron largamente postergadas. Este trabajo destaca las alternativas aprista y socialista propagandizadas en la coyuntura por la superación de la crisis, la modernización y transformación del estado y la sociedad.
ESTRATEGIAS CURRICULARES PARA LA FORMACIÓN DE COMPETENCIAS INVESTIGATIVAS EN LOS ESTUDIANTES DE LA CARRERA DE INGENIERÍA EN INDUSTRIAS ALIMENTARIAS UNJBG
Authors: De Florio Ramírez Enrique Alfonso
Published: July 2019

En el presente trabajo se diseñó una Estrategia Curricular para la Competencia Investigativa (ECCI) con el objetivo de desarrollar dichas competencias en sus dimensiones actitudinal, cognitiva, comunicativa, indagativa, propositiva y argumentativa en los estudiantes de la carrera de Ingeniería en Industrias Alimentarias de la UNJBG. El dominio de estas competencias investigativas se midió con el instrumento Autoevaluación de la habilidad de investigación (ACI), reflejándose una significativa carencia de ellas. Las Estrategias Curriculares para las Competencias de Investigación (ECCI) se analizaron a través del instrumento “Evaluación de la estrategia curricular en el desarrollo de las habilidades investigativas”. Se determinó el impacto de las ECCI mediante una correlación de variables; encontrándose que el 57% de los estudiantes de la carrera opina que la aplicación de esta estrategia curricular iba a desarrollar sus competencias de investigación.
FACTORES QUE INFLUYEN EN LA ADHERENCIA A LA SUPLEMENTACIÓN CON SULFATO FERROSO EN EL EMBARAZO, TACNA 2015
Authors: Valdivia Díaz William Juan , Chambilla Ticona Gina Marisol , Calderón Copa Edgard Guido , Llano Mamani Calixta , Godiel Villanueva Ethel Raissa Antonia
Published: July 2019

INTRODUCCIÓN: La anemia en el embarazo es un problema nutricional más común en nuestro medio. El objetivo fue determinar los factores que influyen en la adherencia a la suplementación con Sulfato Ferroso durante el embarazo Tacna. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Diseño no experimental, transversal y correlacional. Se encuestó a 314 puérperas inmediatas del servicio de obstetricia del hospital Hipólito Unanue en 2015 conformándose dos grupos: caso (241) y control (73). Se realizó análisis estadístico utilizando el programa SPSS v20. RESULTADOS: Una de cada cuatro embarazadas tuvieron un nivel de adherencia óptima (23,2 %), teniendo la mayoría (72,3 %) un nivel de moderada y solo 4,5 % baja. Los factores que influyen en la baja o moderada adherencia fueron: a) Factor socio económico: mejor ingreso económico (p = 0,017). b) Factor relacionado al tratamiento: mayor número de efectos secundarios, siendo el estreñimiento (p = 0,035) y cefalea (p=0,017). c) Factor asociado con la paciente: le molesta tomar el sulfato ferroso todos los días (p = 0,043) d) En mención al factor relacionado a la enfermedad, no se encontró ninguno. d) Factor asociado con el sistema o el equipo de salud: 29 % de las gestantes considera que la tableta de sulfato ferroso dado en los establecimientos de salud no es un producto de calidad (p = 0,017) y cuando presenta algún efecto adverso el 63,9 % considera que el personal de salud no la deriva para atención médica especializada (p = 0,015). CONCLUSIÓN: Existe moderada y baja adherencia al sulfato ferroso y los factores que influyen fueron: mejor ingreso económico, los relacionados al tratamiento y al sistema de salud.
SUSTANCIAS PARA INDUCCIÓN DE ENFERMEDADES EN RATAS: REVISIÓN DE LITERATURA
Authors: Vargas Mamani Juan José
Published: July 2019

Los modelos de investigación de enfermedades requieren, primero, poder reproducir enfermedades específicas en un animal como las ratas, sin llegar a ser mortal. Esto se logra con manipulación genética la cual es muy costosa debido a la adquisición de cepas endocriadas. El segundo requerimiento es inducir químicamente las patologías, lo cual requiere de sustancias específicas a dosis bien calculadas. En este artículo, recopilamos información sobre las sustancias más utilizadas y las dosis que podrían servir de referencia, así como otros datos útiles en investigación biomédica.
PERCEPÇÃO DOS INDIVÍDUOS SOBRE O ABANDONO DO APARELHO DE AMPLIFICAÇÃO SONORA INDIVIDUAL
Authors: Ferreira Erasmo Daniel , Rossi-Barbosa Luiza Augusta Rosa , Meira Lucilia Jezini , Barbosa-Medeiros Mirna Rossi , Caldeira Helena Jezini Meira , Sampaio Cristina Andrade
Published: July 2019

Objetivo: Este estudo buscou compreender a percepção dos indivíduos com problemas auditivos sobre o abandono do aparelho de amplificação sonora individual (AASI) conhecendo as situações vividas antes e após seu uso. Métodos: Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com abordagem fenomenológica com dez indivíduos que participaram de estudo anterior e relataram terem abandonado o uso do AASI. A análise das falas seguiu os passos de descrição, redução e interpretação fenomenológica. Resultados: Pode-se observar que os familiares são os principais incentivadores para utilização do AASI. Alguns indivíduos relataram querer ouvir algo específico, ou seja, uma situação que mais gostaria de ouvir. As principais queixas para o abandono do aparelho auditivo foram o barulho, o incômodo e a estética. O motivo do não retorno se deveu ao fato de depender de outros e esquecimento. Conclusão: A percepção da aceitação do aparelho deverá ser avaliada durante o aconselhamento e retornos ao serviço. A assistência domiciliar aos usuários de aparelho de amplificação sonora individual poderá facilitar o uso deste.Palavras-chave: Auxiliares de audição; Fonoaudiologia; Perda Auditiva; Percepção Auditiva; Pesquisa Qualitativa. PERCEPTION OF INDIVIDUALS ABOUT THE ABANDONMENT OF THE HEARING AIDABSTRACT: Purpose: This study sought to understand the perception of individual’s with hearing problems regarding the abandonment of hearing aids by coming to know the lived experiences before and after its use. Methods: Semi-structured interviews with ten individuals were conducted with a phenomenological approach. Results: It was observed that family-members were the primary motivators for use of the hearing aid. Some people explained that they wanted to hear something specific for example a situation that they wanted to hear. The main complaints for abandoning the hearing aid was the noise, discomfort and esthetic concerns. He motive for not taking up use of the aid again is blamed on others or to forgetting. Conclusion: The perception of the acceptance of the device should be evaluated during consultations and in follow-ups. Domestic health visits to users of the device could facilitate its use.Keywords: Hearing Aids; Speech; Language and Hearing Sciences; Hearing Loss; Auditory Perception.
Effect of mechanical relaxation time in elastic materials with voids
Authors: Lianngenga R. , Thangmawia L.
Published: July 2019

The effect of mechanical relaxation time in the elastic wave propagation in elastic materials with voids is investigated. The phase speed and the attenuation coefficients are obtained and observed the effect of mechanical relaxation time. The phenomenon of reflection of elastic waves due to the incident waves from a plane boundary of elastic materials with voids is studied. The amplitude and energy ratios of the reflected waves are obtained. Numerically these ratios, phase speeds and the corresponding attenuation coefficients are computed for a particular model and the effect of mechanical relaxation time is discussed.
Hubungan Tingkat Stres Dengan Perilaku Berpacaran Pada Remaja Di SMA X Cawang Jakarta Timur
Authors: Ratnawati Diah , Astari Ismi Dyah
Published: July 2019

Stress is the psychic reaction of the body that arising from the presence of internal and external pressure. Date is an approach period between both opposite sex individuals, which is signed by personal introduction of their strength and weaknesses. Adolescent can not control themselves from pressure will trigger appear stress that can change behavior be like relationship. This study will conducted to see correlation between stress level by behaving dating in Senior High School X. Research was conducted to adolscents boys and girls with criteria ever or while correlation and age between 15-18 years. As the subject research will be sample is 236 students with distribution of male respondents 116 people and female respondents 120 people. Stress level variable was measured by used scale to standard anxiety and stress scale (DASS). While the measuring behavior to correlation of the researcher make a questionnaire with especially do it test the validity before the research. Kind of research was used quantitative research with method approach cross sectional and took sample do with techniq stratified random sampling. Based on research results found that the there is a correlation between stress level with dating behavior inadolescents Senior High School X Cawang. The results of this study is expected adolescents can take a positive value in dating behavior.
PULSED MAGNETIC FIELD AS A MEANS OF INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF NORMOBARIC INTERVAL HYPOXIA TRAINING IN RATS
Authors: Labyntseva O. M. , Zakharova O. A. , Ananieva Ju. E. , Rokhmistrova E. G. , Lobkayeva Ye. P.
Published: July 2019

This paper presents the results of investigations aimed at studying the combined effect of the course of moderate normobaric hypoxia (MNH) and pulsed magnetic field (PMF) on nonspecific resistance to acute hypoxia in rats. It is established that the combined application of MNH and PMF is followed by the effects of additivity, thus increasing the nonspecific resistance of rats to acute hypoxic hypoxia.
The Effect of Learning Materials on Students’ Language Gain: An Empirical Study at Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Alwalss Bakil Ali , Gharawai Majid
Published: July 2019

This study investigated the effectiveness of the English programme for year one students, at Baish Community College (Males, BCCM), Jazan Community Colleges (Males, JCCM and Females, JCCF), College of Engineering (Males), and College of Design and Architecture (Females). Research tools were a programme evaluation form and two short placement tests. This study focused heavily on the students’ progress of learning English. Two placement tests were used: one at the beginning of the semester, and the other on the second half of the semester with a two-month gap. The average of all groups on the first placement test was 18.5 out of 50. ANOVA analysis showed no significant differences between groups averages at p < 0.05 (p-value was 0.26). The level at the start is similar to all groups (homogeneous students). The second placement test showed a slight learning progress. The average of all groups was 21 out of 50, but with a high variation in percentages of gain amongst groups. Therefore, the second ANOVA analysis was conducted to examine the significance of the groups’ averages at p < 0.05. The analysis yielded a p-value of 0.0079. A third analysis was conducted on both tests to ensure further validity of the results; t-test for paired samples was used. All groups were positive except for Jazan Girls Community College which showed no progress at all.
Portals and Pokémon: Geolocation Augmented-Reality Games for Physical Activity, Social Health and Community Awareness
Authors: Aydt Klein Nicole , Kaiser Megan L.
Published: July 2019

Background: The newest generation of active games are location specific, augmented-reality (AR) apps including Niantic Lab’s Ingress and Pokémon Go. Little is known about their effects on physical activity or the potential for social support and community awareness.

Purpose: This study qualitatively explores physical activity, social interaction, and community awareness for players of a geolocation augmented-reality game.

Methods: Twenty U.S. college students ages 18 to 21 learned the geo AR mobile game app, Ingress. Interviews about their experiences were recorded, transcribed and analyzed for themes using a phenomenological approach.

Results: Frequent players were predominantly female and three of the seven were overweight or obese. Participants who already exercised felt the game did not increase their physical activity. Half of the participants mentioned adding a small amount of activity with a few being much more active. Only three reported any effect on their social health, but almost all mentioned increasing their community knowledge.

Discussion: Geo AR games are promising to encourage activity for some who might otherwise be inactive. Translation to Public Health Practice: Mobile app games are a free, fun, and readily available tool for improving the health of college populations who may not be drawn to traditional programming.
Respuesta a Factores Estimulantes de Colonias de Granulocitos en eventos de Neutropenia Febril en pacientes Oncológicos del Instituto del Cáncer Solca-Cuenca.
Authors: Cordero Hernando , Staël Juan , Jerves Miguel , Martínez Fray
Published: July 2019

Introducción: La Neutropenia Febril es una complicación potencialmente fatal del tratamiento del cáncer, relacionada con mayor morbilidad, mortalidad, disminución de dosis o retardo en los ciclos de quimioterapia, y resultados finales pobres. Estudios anteriores han demostrado el beneficio de Factor Estimulante de Colonias de Granulocitos en la reducción de tiempo de hospitalización, antibióticos intravenosos, fiebre y recuperación del conteo absoluto de neutrófilos. Se decide realizar el presente reporte ya que no existen datos respecto al manejo y respuesta al tratamiento en nuestro medio.

Métodos: El presente estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, fue realizado en el Instituto del Cáncer SOLCA – Cuenca. Se revisaron las historias clínicas del período 2010 – 2011. Las variables analizadas fueron: número de días de hospitalización, fiebre, uso de antibióticos intravenosos, y días de recuperación de neutropenia a >500/mm3 y >1000/mm3.

Resultados: La estancia hospitalaria tuvo una mediana de 6 días, los días de terapia antibiótica intravenosa fueron iguales a los días de hospitalización. 79 eventos se recuperaron a un conteo absoluto de neutrófilos >500/mm3, en una mediana de 4 días; 72 eventos se recuperaron a >1000 /mm3 en una mediana de 4 días. La mayoría de los eventos se volvieron afebriles en una mediana de 1 día.

Conclusión: Los resultados de las variables estancia hospitalaria, uso de antibióticos intravenosos y la duración de la fiebre fueron similares a los ya descritos en estudios anteriores, la recuperación del conteo absoluto de neutrófilos, fue más tardía, mostrando diferencias importantes con la bibliografía.
Propuesta algoritmo de cribado para alteraciones morfológicas de la Próstata. Revisión de la evidencia actual.
Authors: Farfán Cano Galo G , Ordoñez Crow Lucía J
Published: July 2019

Las alteraciones morfológicas de la próstata, por las que se realiza cribado son la hiperplasiaprostática benigna (HPB) y el cáncer de próstata (CaP). La HPB es el tumor benigno más frecuenteen varones mayores de 50 años, se caracteriza por el aumento del volumen de la glándula y usualmente acompañado de síntomas urinarios. El CaP es la segunda causa de muerte relacionada con cáncer en Estados Unidos y Europa en mayores de 70 años, su incidencia por debajo de los 50 es rara.

El cribado o pruebas de detección, tiene como meta el hallar el cáncer antes de la aparición de síntomas, el cribado no se realiza en pacientes por sospechar que tienen cáncer, sino como un método de pesquisa.

El objetivo de este artículo, es efectuar una revisión a los referentes teóricos, y proponer un nuevo algoritmo diagnóstico de alteraciones morfológicas de la próstata, basado en la evidencia.
Epidemiología de pacientes con Cáncer de Piel sometidos a Cirugía Micrográfica de Mohs en Solca-Guayaquil entre 2015 y 2017.
Authors: Carvajal Ayala María Fernanda , Vásquez María Lorena
Published: July 2019

Introducción: El cáncer de piel es la segunda neoplasia más común en la población guayaquileña, se presenta predominantemente en áreas expuestas a luz solar. Los tipos más frecuentes son el carcinoma basocelular y el escamocelular. La técnica de cirugía micrográfica de Mohs pese a ser descrita hace varias décadas continua vigente en el tratamiento de este tipo de neoplasias. El objetivo del estudio es presentar una serie de casos sometidos a esta cirugía.

Métodos: El presente estudio observacional, fue realizado en el Instituto Oncológico Nacional “Dr. Juan Tanca Marengo” Solca-Guayaquil. Se revisaron historias clínicas de los períodos comprendidos de enero del 2015 a diciembre del 2017. Se seleccionaron casos de pacientes con neoplasias malignas de la piel, sometidos a cirugía micrográfica de Mohs. El tipo de muestreo fue no probabilístico de conveniencia. Las variables estudiadas fuero sexo, edad, diagnóstico anatomopatológico, localización de las lesiones y recidivas. Se utiliza estadística descriptiva.

Resultados: Se analizaron 153 pacientes con edad media de 71.9 ±12 años, el tipo histológico más frecuente fue el carcinoma basocelular nodular con 115 casos (75.16 %). Las lesiones se localizaron predominantemente en el dorso nasal 40 casos (26.14%) y en el ala nasal 17 casos (11.11%). Almomento de la intervención quirúrgica más de la mitad de las lesiones se encontraban en estadio 1 (58.1%). La técnica de cobertura empleada con mayor frecuencia fue el colgajo de rotación (49 %). No se registraron casos de recidiva posterior a la cirugía micrográfica de Mohs en los pacientes estudiados.

Conclusión: Las características epidemiológicas de cáncer de piel en la población de Guayaquil son similares a las reportadas en literatura internacional. Los pacientes sometidos a cirugía micrográfica de Mohs no presentaron recidiva en este reporte.
Eficacia de Resecciones Hepáticas por Metástasis de Origen Colorrectal
Authors: Panchana Egüez Guido , Macías Fernández Pamela , Zambrano Diego A , Lara Perlaza Luis Mauricio , Idrovo Murillo Luis , Panchana Coello Guido
Published: July 2019

Introducción: El cáncer colorrectal (CCR) es la segunda neoplasia más común después del cáncer gástrico, y con frecuencia desarrolla metástasis hepática. Se presenta un estudio unicéntrico del abordaje quirúrgico, resultados y sobrevida pacientes sometidos a cirugía más tratamiento sistémico de metástasis hepáticas de CCR.

Métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo en el Instituto Oncológico del Ecuador de Solca- Guayaquil desde enero del 2015 a diciembre del 2018. Se incluyeron todos los pacientes del Servicio de Laparoscopía operados por cáncer colorrectal, como diagnóstico inicial, que durante sus controles periódicos presentaron metástasis hepáticas y fueron candidatos para tratamiento quirúrgico de metastasectomias, previa valoración con comités de tumores de tubo digestivo.

Resultados: La muestra final incluyó 6 pacientes a quienes se les pudo realizar metastasectomías hepáticas anatómicas y no anatómicas. La edad media fue 60 años, con predominio del sexo femenino (n=4, 66.6%). Las lesiones hepáticas se presentaron en un solo segmento hepático en el 66% a las que se les realizo resección total, y cuyas complicaciones presentadas fueron del 33 %, que se resolvieron durante la estancia hospitalaria. Un paciente recibió neoadyuvancia, y solo un paciente presentó metástasis metacrónica. La sobrevida es del 100% hasta la finalización del estudio.

Conclusión: Las decisiones multidisciplinarias sobre una oportuna indicación de metastasectomía hepática, disminuyen la morbimortalidad e incrementan la sobrevida de los pacientes con metástasis hepáticas de cáncer colorrectal.
CHEMOMETRICS ASSISTED VALIDATED HPLC METHOD DETECTING SEASONAL VARIANCES OF SECONDARY METABOLITES OF Camellia sinensis CONSIDERING THE ABIOTIC STRESSES
Authors: Bhandari Koushik , Goswami Tridib Kumar , De Baishakhi
Published: July 2019

Climatic changes have great impact on the crops and agro-eco systems and such changes influences the concentration of secondary metabolites. IIT Kharagpur, India is a non-traditional tea growing zone where Tocklai Vegetative 25 variety was used as the research material. This study reports the development of a chemometrics assisted HPLC method validated as per ICH guidelines to explore the effect of seasonal variations in polyphenolics viz. catechins and methyl xanthenes like caffeine in fresh tea leaves and processed CTC black tea prepared from them. Further study was done on the variances amongst the concentration of secondary metabolites and abiotic stress factors. Good resolutions of secondary metabolites were obtained using 92% of 0.2% acetic acid and 8% of acetonitrile as the mobile phase, with a flow rate of 1 mL/ min, injection volume of 20 µl,  PDA detector was set at 200-600 nm and chromatograms were recorded at 274 nm. Results of quantitative HPLC analysis have clearly shown that highest yield of catechins and caffeine were observed in fresh tea leaves plucked during spring (24.3ºC temperature and average rainfall of 34 mm) and also the processed black tea made from it, followed by tea leaves plucked during monsoon (28.8 ºC temperature and 282 mm rainfall) and processed black tea prepared from it. The lowest concentrations of secondary metabolites were found in leaves plucked during autumn (26.2 °C temperature and 132 mm rainfall) and the processed tea prepared from it. The developed quantitative HPLC method showed an inter day precision of 0.3, intraday precision of 0.2, repeatability value of 0.31, ruggedness value of 0.33 and robustness value of 0.2. Considering temperature and rainfall as abiotic stress factors, highest total polyphenolic content was obtained during spring and lowest in autumn. From our experimental findings, the fresh tea leaves of spring season and also the processed black tea prepared from it showed higher yield of catechins.
Response of the Durum Wheat Cultivar Um Qais (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) to Salinity
Authors: Hamdi Luma , Suleiman Ayman , Hoogenboom Gerrit , Shelia Vakhtang
Published: July 2019

The threat of land degradation by salinization in Jordan has been increasing over the last decades. Therefore, information about the response of local cultivars to salinity is needed to help farmers choose the most productive cultivars for areas with salt-affected soils. A recently released durum wheat cultivar Um Qais (Triticum turgidum subsp. durum) has shown to be productive under normal conditions but to date there are no known studies on its tolerance to salinity. Two experiments were conducted to investigate the response of Um Qais cultivar to salinity. A field experiment was carried out in the Jordan Valley, which is known for its hot, dry climate during the summer and low rainfall and moderate temperature during the winter. Three water salinity levels (S): S1 (2 dS m−1), S2 (4 dS m−1), and S3 (8 dS m−1) with three irrigation amounts (R) (control = 120% (R1), 100% (R2), and 70% (R3)) were used in the field. A greenhouse experiment was conducted using four levels of saline water (S): S1 (0.65 dS m−1), S2 (4 dS m−1), S3 (8 dS m−1), and S4 (10 dS m−1). In both experiments, the leaf area index (LAI) and canopy height were measured during three growth stages, tillering, flag leaf, and maturity. The number of grains, grain yield, and above-ground biomass were measured after harvesting while soil salinity and pH were measured every three weeks during the growing season. The results showed that the maximum reduction in yield was of the 28% in the field experiment when the average soil salinity was of 6.8 ± 1.1 (standard error) dS m−1 at the middle stages of the season. Significant changes were shown in the treatments of the field experiments for maximum LAI, number of grains, and aboveground biomass, but not for plant height. For the greenhouse treatments, about 60% of the maximum grain yield was obtained when the average soil salinity was 9.94 ± 1.89 dS m−1 at the middle stage. Grain yield was the most sensitive parameter to the increase in soil salinity during the season. According to the findings of both experiments, Um Qais can be cultivated in moderately saline soils.
Monitoring Agricultural Expansion in a Newly Reclaimed Area in the Western Nile Delta of Egypt Using Landsat Imageries
Authors: Radwan Taher M.
Published: July 2019

Detection and monitoring land use/land cover (LULC) changes using historical multi-temporal remote sensing data is greatly important for providing an effective and robust assessment of the human-induced impacts on the environmental conditions. It is extremely recommended for LULC studies related to evaluating the sustainability of changing areas over time. The agricultural sector in Egypt is one of the crucial pillars of the national economy. The amount of traditional agricultural land (Old Lands) in the Nile Delta had a significant decline over the past few decades due to urban encroachment. Consequently, several land reclamation initiatives and policies have been adopted by the Egyptian government to expand agricultural land in desert areas (New Lands) adjacent to both fringes of the Nile delta. Tiba district is one of those newly reclaimed areas located in the western Nile Delta of Egypt with a total area of 125 km2. The primary objective of this article was to identify, monitor and quantify historical LULC changes in Tiba district using historical multi-temporal Landsat imageries for six different dates acquired from 1988 to 2018. The temporal and historical changes that occurred were identified using supervised maximum likelihood classification (MLC) approach. Three major LULC classes were distinguished and mapped: (1) Agricultural land; (2) barren land; and (3) urban land. In 1988, Tiba district was 100% barren land; however, during the 1990s, the governmental reclamation projects have led to significant changes in LULC. The produced LULC maps from performing the MLC demonstrated that Tiba district had experienced significant agricultural land expansion from 0% in 1988 to occupy 84% in 2018, whilst, barren land area has decreased from 100% in 1988 to occupy only 7% in 2018. This reflects the successful governmental initiatives for agricultural expansion in desert areas located in the western Nile Delta of Egypt.
ACC Deaminase Producing PGPR Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Agrobacterium fabrum along with Biochar Improve Wheat Productivity under Drought Stress
Authors: Zafar-ul-Hye Muhammad , Danish Subhan , Abbas Mazhar , Ahmad Maqshoof , Munir Tariq Muhammad
Published: July 2019

Drought stress retards wheat plant’s vegetative growth and physiological processes and results in low productivity. A stressed plant synthesizes ethylene which inhibits root elongation; however, the enzyme 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate (ACC) deaminase catabolizes ethylene produced under water stress. Therefore, the ACC deaminase producing plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can be used to enhance crop productivity under drought stress. Biochar (BC) is an organically active and potentially nutrient-rich amendment that, when applied to the soil, can increase pore volume, cation exchange capacity and nutrient retention and bioavailability. We conducted a field experiment to study the effect of drought tolerant, ACC deaminase producing PGPR (with and without timber waste BC) on plant growth and yield parameters under drought stress. Two PGPR strains, Agrobacterium fabrum or Bacillus amyloliquefaciens were applied individually and in combination with 30 Mg ha−1 BC under three levels of irrigation, i.e., recommended four irrigations (4I), three irrigations (3I) and two irrigations (2I). Combined application of B. amyloliquefaciens and 30 Mg ha−1 BC under 3I, significantly increased growth and yield traits of wheat: grain yield (36%), straw yield (50%), biological yield (40%). The same soil application under 2I resulted in greater increases in several of the growth and yield traits: grain yield (77%), straw yield (75%), above- and below-ground biomasses (77%), as compared to control; however, no significant increases in chlorophyll a, b or total, and photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance in response to individual inoculation of a PGPR strain (without BC) were observed. Therefore, we suggest that the combined soil application of B. amyloliquefaciens and BC more effectively mitigates drought stress and improves wheat productivity as compared to any of the individual soil applications tested in this study.
Estimating Biomass of Black Oat Using UAV-Based RGB Imaging
Authors: Acorsi Matheus Gabriel , das Dores Abati Miranda Fabiani , Martello Maurício , Smaniotto Danrley Antonio , Sartor Laercio Ricardo
Published: July 2019

The spatial and temporal variability of crop parameters are fundamental in precision agriculture. Remote sensing of crop canopy can provide important indications on the growth variability and help understand the complex factors influencing crop yield. Plant biomass is considered an important parameter for crop management and yield estimation, especially for grassland and cover crops. A recent approach introduced to model crop biomass consists in the use of RGB (red, green, blue) stereo images acquired from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) coupled with photogrammetric softwares to predict biomass through plant height (PHT) information. In this study, we generated prediction models for fresh (FBM) and dry biomass (DBM) of black oat crop based on multi-temporal UAV RGB imaging. Flight missions were carried during the growing season to obtain crop surface models (CSMs), with an additional flight before sowing to generate a digital terrain model (DTM). During each mission, 30 plots with a size of 0.25 m² were distributed across the field to carry ground measurements of PHT and biomass. Furthermore, estimation models were established based on PHT derived from CSMs and field measurements, which were later used to build prediction maps of FBM and DBM. The study demonstrates that UAV RGB imaging can precisely estimate canopy height (R2 = 0.68–0.92, RMSE = 0.019–0.037 m) during the growing period. FBM and DBM models using PHT derived from UAV imaging yielded R2 values between 0.69 and 0.94 when analyzing each mission individually, with best results during the flowering stage (R2 = 0.92–0.94). Robust models using datasets from different growth stages were built and tested using cross-validation, resulting in R2 values of 0.52 for FBM and 0.84 for DBM. Prediction maps of FBM and DBM yield were obtained using calibrated models applied to CSMs, resulting in a feasible way to illustrate the spatial and temporal variability of biomass. Altogether the results of the study demonstrate that UAV RGB imaging can be a useful tool to predict and explore the spatial and temporal variability of black oat biomass, with potential use in precision farming.
Test−Retest Reliability of the ‘Welfare Quality® Animal Welfare Assessment Protocol for Sows and Piglets’. Part 1. Assessment of the Welfare Principle of ‘Appropriate Behavior’
Authors: Friedrich Lena , Krieter Joachim , Kemper Nicole , Czycholl Irena
Published: July 2019

The present study’s aim was to assess the test−retest reliability (TRR) of the ‘Welfare Quality® animal welfare assessment protocol for sows and piglets’ focusing on the welfare principle ‘appropriate behavior’. TRR was calculated using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (RS), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), smallest detectable change (SDC), and limits of agreement (LoA). Principal component analysis (PCA) was used for deeper analysis of the Qualitative Behavior Assessment (QBA). The study was conducted on thirteen farms in Northern Germany, which were visited five times by the same observer. Farm visits 1 (F1; day 0) were compared to farm visits 2 to 5 (F2–F5). The QBA indicated no TRR when applying the statistical parameters introduced above (e.g., ‘playful‘ (F1–F4) RS 0.08 ICC 0.00 SDC 0.50 LoA [−0.62, 0.38]). The PCA detected contradictory TRR. Acceptable TRR could be found for parts of the instantaneous scan sampling (e.g., negative social behavior (F1–F3) RS 0.45 ICC 0.37 SDC 0.02 LoA [−0.03, 0.02]). The human−animal relationship test solely achieved poor TRR, whereas scans for stereotypies showed sufficient TRR (e.g., floor licking (F1–F4) RS 0.63 ICC 0.52 SDC 0.05 LoA [−0.08, 0.04]). Concluding, the principle ‘appropriate behavior’ does not represent TRR and further investigation is needed before implementation on-farm.
Estimation of Genetic Parameters for Peak Yield, Yield and Persistency Traits in Murciano-Granadina Goats Using Multi-Traits Models
Authors: Miranda Judith C. , León José M. , Pieramati Camillo , Gómez Mayra M. , Valdés Jesús , Barba Cecilio
Published: July 2019

This paper studies parameters of a lactation curve such as peak yield (PY) and persistency (P), which do not conform to the usual selection criteria in the Murciano-Granadina (MG) breed, but are considered to be an alternative to benefit animal welfare without reducing production. Using 315,663 production records (of 122,883 animals) over a period of 24 years (1990–2014), genetic parameters were estimated with uni-, bi- and multivariate analysis using multiple trait derivative free restricted maximum likelihood (MTDFREML). The heritability (h2)/repeatability (re) of PY, yield (Y) and P was estimated as 0.13/0.19, 0.16/0.25 and 0.08/0.09 with the uni-trait and h2 of bi- and multi-traits analysis ranging from 0.16 to 0.17 of Y, while that of PY and Y remained constant. Genetic correlations were high between PY–Y (0.94 ± 0.011) but low between PY–P (–0.16 ± 0.054 to –0.17 ± 0.054) and between Y–P (–0.06 ± 0.058 to –0.05 ± 0.058). Estimates of h2/re were low to intermediate. The selection for Y–PY or both can be implemented given the genetic correlation between these traits. PY–P and Y–P showed low to negligible correlation values indicating that if these traits are implemented in the early stages of evaluation, they would not be to the detriment of PY–Y. The combination of estimated breeding values (EBVs) for all traits would be a good criterion for selection.
Dynamic Views of the Fc Region of Immunoglobulin G Provided by Experimental and Computational Observations
Authors: Yanaka Saeko , Yogo Rina , Inoue Rintaro , Sugiyama Masaaki , Itoh Satoru G. , Okumura Hisashi , Miyanoiri Yohei , Yagi Hirokazu , Satoh Tadashi , Yamaguchi Takumi , Kato Koichi
Published: July 2019

The Fc portion of immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a horseshoe-shaped homodimer, which interacts with various effector proteins, including Fcγ receptors (FcγRs). These interactions are critically dependent on the pair of N-glycans packed between the two CH2 domains. Fucosylation of these N-glycans negatively affects human IgG1-FcγRIIIa interaction. The IgG1-Fc crystal structures mostly exhibit asymmetric quaternary conformations with divergent orientations of CH2 with respect to CH3. We aimed to provide dynamic views of IgG1-Fc by performing long-timescale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, which were experimentally validated by small-angle X-ray scattering and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Our simulation results indicated that the dynamic conformational ensembles of Fc encompass most of the previously reported crystal structures determined in both free and complex forms, although the major Fc conformers in solution exhibited almost symmetric, stouter quaternary structures, unlike the crystal structures. Furthermore, the MD simulations suggested that the N-glycans restrict the motional freedom of CH2 and endow quaternary-structure plasticity through multiple intramolecular interaction networks. Moreover, the fucosylation of these N-glycans restricts the conformational freedom of the proximal tyrosine residue of functional importance, thereby precluding its interaction with FcγRIIIa. The dynamic views of Fc will provide opportunities to control the IgG interactions for developing therapeutic antibodies.
Socioeconomic Enablers for Contagion: Factors Impelling the Antimicrobial Resistance Epidemic
Authors: Collignon Peter , Beggs John J.
Published: July 2019

Antimicrobial resistance is a growing global problem that causes increased deaths as well as increased suffering for people. Overall, there are two main factors that drive antimicrobial resistance: the volumes of antimicrobials used and the spread of resistant micro-organisms along with the genes encoding for resistance. Importantly, a growing body of evidence points to contagion (i.e., spread) being the major, but frequently under-appreciated and neglected, factor driving the increased prevalence of antimicrobial resistance. When we aggregate countries into regional groupings, it shows a pattern where there is an inverse aggregate relationship between AMR and usage. Poor infrastructure and corruption levels, however, are highly and positively correlated with antimicrobial resistance levels. Contagion, antibiotic volumes, governance, and the way antibiotics are used are profoundly affected by a host of social and economic factors. Only after we identify and adequately address these factors can antimicrobial resistance be better controlled.
The Case for a More Holistic Approach to Dry Eye Disease: Is It Time to Move beyond Antibiotics?
Authors: Tavakoli Azadeh , Flanagan Judith Louise
Published: July 2019

Dry eye disease (DED) is one of the most frequent presentations to optometrists with over 16 million US adults (6.8% of adult population) diagnosed as having this disorder. The majority of associated marketed products offer relief from symptomatology but do not address aetiology. DED harbours many distinguishing features of a chronic inflammatory disorder. The recent explosion in human microbiome research has sparked interest in the ocular microbiome and its role in the preservation and extension of ocular surface health and in the contribution of the gut microbiome to chronic systemic inflammation and associated “Western life-style” diseases. With a significant lack of success for many patients using currently available DED treatments, in this era of the microbiome, we are interested in exploring potential novel therapies that aim to reconstitute healthy bacterial communities both locally and distally (in the gut) as a treatment for DED. Although this direction of investigation is in its infancy, burgeoning interest makes such a review timely. This paper considers a number of studies into the use functional foods and associated products to ameliorate dry eye.
Evaluation and Comparison of Antibacterial Efficacy of Herbal Extracts in Combination with Antibiotics on Periodontal pathobionts: An in vitro Microbiological Study
Authors: Saquib Shahabe Abullais , AlQahtani Nabeeh Abdullah , Ahmad Irfan , Kader Mohammed Abdul , Al Shahrani Sami Saeed , Asiri Elyas Ali
Published: July 2019

Background: In the past few decades focus of research has been toward herbal medicines because of growing bacterial resistance and side effects of antimicrobial agents. The extract derived from the plants may increase the efficacy of antibiotics when used in combination against pathogenic bacteria. In the current study, the synergistic antibacterial efficacy of plant extracts in combination with antibiotics has been assessed on selected periodontal pathogens. Methods: Ethanolic extracts were prepared from Salvadora persica (Miswak) and Cinnamomum zeylanicum (Ceylon cinnamon), by the soxhalate method. Plaque samples were collected from clinical periodontitis patients to isolate and grow the periodontal pathobionts under favorable conditions. Susceptibility of bacteria to the extracts was assessed by gauging the diameter of the inhibition zones. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of plant extracts were determined against each bacterium. Synergistic activity of plants extract in combination with antibiotics against the bacteria was also assessed by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zones. Results: Ethanolic extract of both the plants showed an inhibitory effect on the proliferation and growth of all four strains of periodontal pathobionts. Maximum antibacterial activity was exhibited by C. zeylanicum against Tannerella forsythia (MIC = 1.56 ± 0.24 mg/mL, MBC = 6.25 ± 0.68 mg/mL), whereas among all the studied groups the minimum activity was reported by C. zeylanicum against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans the (MIC = 12.5 ± 3.25 mg/mL, MBC = 75 ± 8.23 mg/mL). Combination of herbal extracts with different antibiotics revealed a synergistic antibacterial effect. The best synergism was exhibited by S. persica with metronidazole against A. actinomycetemcomitans (27 ± 1.78). Conclusions: Current in vitro study showed variable antibacterial activity by experimented herbal extracts against periodontal pathobionts. The synergistic test showed significant antibacterial activity when plant extracts were combined with antibiotics.