bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tunable single-mode laser on thin film lithium niobate
Authors: Liu Xiangmin , Yan Xiongshuo , Liu Yi’an , Li Hao , Chen Yuping , Chen Xianfeng
Published: October 2021

The erbium-doped lithium niobate on insulator (LNOI) laser plays an important role in the complete photonic integrated circuits (PICs). Here, we demonstrate an integrated tunable whispering gallery single-mode laser (WGSML) by making use of a coupled microdisk and microring on LNOI. A 974 nm single-mode pump light can have an excellent resonance in the designed microdisk, which is beneficial to the whispering gallery mode (WGM) laser generation. The WGSML at 1560.40 nm with a maximum 31.4 dB side mode suppression ratio (SMSR) has been achieved. By regulating the temperature, the output power of the WGSML increases, and the central wavelength can be changed from 1560.30 to 1560.40 nm. Furthermore, 1560.60 and 1565.00 nm WGSMLs have been achieved by changing the coupling gap width between the microdisk and microring. We can also use the electro-optic effect of LNOI to obtain more accurate adjustable WGSMLs in further research.
Phase correlation arc and universal decay of entangled orbital angular momentum qubit states in atmospheric turbulence
Authors: Yang Donghui , Hu Zheng-Da , Wang Shuailing , Zhu Yun
Published: October 2021

In this study, we introduce the phase correlation arc of an orbital angular momentum (OAM) beam to investigate the evolution of OAM entanglement. We reveal that the entanglement decay of all OAM states of Laguerre–Gaussian modes in atmospheric turbulence is universal via both numerical predictions and experimental data. A similar evolution law is also theoretically confirmed to exist in Bessel–Gaussian modes. Finally, by using the phase correlation arc, the precise formula of the decay distance dependence on the OAM number is derived, and it exhibits excellent agreement with previous experimental conclusions.
Do exercise-associated genes explain phenotypic variance in the three components of fitness? a systematic review & meta-analysis
Authors: Chung Henry C. , Keiller Don R. , Roberts Justin D. , Gordon Dan A.
Published: October 2021

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to identify a list of common, candidate genes associated with the three components of fitness, specifically cardiovascular fitness, muscular strength, and anaerobic power, and how these genes are associated with exercise response phenotype variability, in previously untrained participants. A total of 3,969 potentially relevant papers were identified and processed for inclusion. After eligibility and study selection assessment, 24 studies were selected for meta-analysis, comprising a total of 3,012 participants (male n = 1,512; females n = 1,239; not stated n = 261; age 28 ± 9 years). Meta-Essentials spreadsheet 1.4 (Microsoft Excel) was used in creating the forest plots and meta-analysis. IBM SPSS statistics V24 was implemented for the statistical analyses and the alpha was set at p ≤ 0.05. 13 candidate genes and their associated alleles were identified, which were associated with the phenotypes of interest. Analysis of training group data showed significant differential phenotypic responses. Subgroup analysis showed; 44%, 72% and 10% of the response variance in aerobic, strength and power phenotypes, respectively, were explained by genetic influences. This analysis established that genetic variability explained a significant proportion of the adaptation differences across the three components of fitness in the participants post-training. The results also showed the importance of analysing and reporting specific gene alleles. Information obtained from these findings has the potential to inform and influence future exercise-related genes and training studies.
Investigating the association of CD36 gene polymorphisms (rs1761667 and rs1527483) with T2DM and dyslipidemia: Statistical analysis, machine learning based prediction, and meta-analysis
Authors: Hatmal Ma’mon M. , Alshaer Walhan , Mahmoud Ismail S. , Al-Hatamleh Mohammad A. I. , Al-Ameer Hamzeh J. , Abuyaman Omar , Zihlif Malek , Mohamud Rohimah , Darras Mais , Al Shhab Mohammad , Abu-Raideh Rand , Ismail Hilweh , Al-Hamadi Ali , Abdelhay Ali
Published: October 2021

CD36 (cluster of differentiation 36) is a membrane protein involved in lipid metabolism and has been linked to pathological conditions associated with metabolic disorders, such as diabetes and dyslipidemia. A case-control study was conducted and included 177 patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and 173 control subjects to study the involvement of CD36 gene rs1761667 (G>A) and rs1527483 (C>T) polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of T2DM and dyslipidemia among Jordanian population. Lipid profile, blood sugar, gender and age were measured and recorded. Also, genotyping analysis for both polymorphisms was performed. Following statistical analysis, 10 different neural networks and machine learning (ML) tools were used to predict subjects with diabetes or dyslipidemia. Towards further understanding of the role of CD36 protein and gene in T2DM and dyslipidemia, a protein-protein interaction network and meta-analysis were carried out. For both polymorphisms, the genotypic frequencies were not significantly different between the two groups (p > 0.05). On the other hand, some ML tools like multilayer perceptron gave high prediction accuracy (≥ 0.75) and Cohen’s kappa (κ) (≥ 0.5). Interestingly, in K-star tool, the accuracy and Cohen’s κ values were enhanced by including the genotyping results as inputs (0.73 and 0.46, respectively, compared to 0.67 and 0.34 without including them). This study confirmed, for the first time, that there is no association between CD36 polymorphisms and T2DM or dyslipidemia among Jordanian population. Prediction of T2DM and dyslipidemia, using these extensive ML tools and based on such input data, is a promising approach for developing diagnostic and prognostic prediction models for a wide spectrum of diseases, especially based on large medical databases.
Psychological distress among healthcare providers during COVID-19 in Asia: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ching Siew Mooi , Ng Kar Yean , Lee Kai Wei , Yee Anne , Lim Poh Ying , Ranita Hisham , Devaraj Navin Kumar , Ooi Pei Boon , Cheong Ai Theng
Published: October 2021

Introduction

COVID-19 pandemic is having a devastating effect on the mental health and wellbeing of healthcare providers (HCPs) globally. This review is aimed at determining the prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress, fear, burnout and resilience and its associated factors among HCPs in Asia during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Material and methods

We performed literature search using 4 databases from Medline, Cinahl, PubMed and Scopus from inception up to March 15, 2021 and selected relevant cross-sectional studies. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plot. Random effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence while risk factors were reported in odds ratio (OR) with 95% CI.

Results

We included 148 studies with 159,194 HCPs and the pooled prevalence for depression was 37.5% (95%CI: 33.8–41.3), anxiety 39.7(95%CI: 34.3–45.1), stress 36.4% (95%CI: 23.2–49.7), fear 71.3% (95%CI: 54.6–88.0), burnout 68.3% (95%CI: 54.0–82.5), and low resilience was 16.1% (95%CI: 12.8–19.4), respectively. The heterogeneity was high (I2>99.4%). Meta-analysis reported that both females (OR = 1.48; 95% CI = 1.30–1.68) and nurses (OR = 1.21; 95%CI = 1.02–1.45) were at increased risk of having depression and anxiety [(Female: OR = 1.66; 95% CI = 1.49–1.85), (Nurse: OR = 1.36; 95%CI = 1.16–1.58)]. Females were at increased risk of getting stress (OR = 1.59; 95%CI = 1.28–1.97).

Conclusion

In conclusion, one third of HCPs suffered from depression, anxiety and stress and more than two third of HCPs suffered from fear and burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic in Asia.
Impact of Maxwell velocity slip and Smoluchowski temperature slip on CNTs with modified Fourier theory: Reiner-Philippoff model
Authors: Sajid Tanveer , Jamshed Wasim , Shahzad Faisal , Aiyashi M. A. , Eid Mohamed R. , Nisar Kottakkaran Sooppy , Shukla Anurag
Published: October 2021

The present article presents a novel idea regarding the implementation of Tiwari and Das model on Reiner-Philippoff fluid (RPF) model by considering blood as a base fluid. The Cattaneo-Christov model and thermal radiative flow have been employed to study heat transfer analysis. Tiwari and Das model consider nanoparticles volume fraction for heat transfer enhancement instead of the Buongiorno model which heavily relies on thermophoresis and Brownian diffusion effects for heat transfer analysis. Maxwell velocity and Temperature slip boundary conditions have been employed at the surface of the sheet. By utilizing the suitable transformations, the modeled PDEs (partial-differential equations) are renewed in ODEs (ordinary-differential equations) and treated these equations numerically with the aid of bvp4c technique in MATLAB software. To check the reliability of the proposed scheme a comparison with available literature has been made. Other than Buongiorno nanofluid model no attempt has been made in literature to study the impact of nanoparticles on Reiner-Philippoff fluid model past a stretchable surface. This article fills this gap available in the existing literature by considering novel ideas like the implementation of carbon nanotubes, CCHF, and thermal radiation effects on Reiner-Philippoff fluid past a slippery expandable sheet. Momentum, as well as temperature slip boundary conditions, are never studied and considered before for the case of Reiner-Philippoff fluid past a slippery expandable sheet. In the light of physical effects used in this model, it is observed that heat transfer rate escalates as a result of magnification in thermal radiation parameter which is 18.5% and skin friction coefficient diminishes by the virtue of amplification in the velocity slip parameter and maximum decrement is 67.9%.
Cutting mechanism of straight-tooth milling process of titanium alloy TC21 based on simulation and experiment
Authors: Lei Zhang , Pei Lei
Published: October 2021

Due to the characteristics of high strength, high chemical activity and low heat conduction, titanium alloy materials are generally difficult to machine. As a typical titanium alloy with higher strength and lower heat conductivity, the machinability of titanium alloy TC21 is very poor and its cutting process is companied with larger cutting force and rapid tool wear. Straight-tooth milling tool is often used to cut the groove and side surface in the titanium alloy parts. And the milling method can be used to investigate the cutting mechanism because the cutting force has only two components and the better chip morphology is obtained. To investigate the straight-tooth milling process of TC21 alloy, a series of milling force experiments have been done. In addition, a 3D finite element model (FEM) for the straight-tooth milling process of TC21 alloy is presented to simulate the milling process. In the model, the constitutive material model, the failure model, the friction model and the heat transfer model were adopted. Through the simulation, chip formation, stress distribution, cutting force and milling temperature were obtained. The cutting force reaches its maximum when the spindle speed reaches about 13000 rpm, and then decreases as the speed continues to increase. The results confirmed that the similar “Salomon” phenomenon existed in the cutting process of TC21 alloy.
General practice pharmacists in Australia: A systematic review
Authors: Sudeshika Thilini , Naunton Mark , Deeks Louise S. , Thomas Jackson , Peterson Gregory M. , Kosari Sam
Published: October 2021

Background

The inclusion of pharmacists into general practices in Australia has expanded in recent years. This systematic review aimed to synthesise the literature of qualitative and quantitative studies, and identify the knowledge gaps, related to pharmacists working in general practice in Australia.

Methods

This systematic review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. PubMed, EBSCOhost, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library were searched from the inception of databases to January 2021. The search was focused on studies investigating general practice pharmacists in Australia. The quality of each study was appraised using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool criteria. The narrative synthesis approach was utilised to describe data due to the heterogeneity among study designs and measures.

Results

Twenty-five studies were included in this review. General practice pharmacists engaged in various non-dispensing patient care services, with medication management reviews being the primary activity reported. General practice pharmacists’ characteristics and an environment with a willingness of collaboration were the notable influencing factors for successfully including pharmacists in general practices. Factors that posed a challenge to the adoption of general practice pharmacists were lack of funding and other resources, poorly defined roles, and absence of mentoring/training.

Conclusion

This review has summarised the characteristics, activities, benefits, barriers, and facilitators of including pharmacists in general practices in Australia. General practice pharmacists are well accepted by stakeholders, and they can engage in a range of patient-centred activities to benefit patients. There is a need for more robust research to explore the patient and economic outcomes related to clinical activities that a pharmacist can perform in general practice, as a foundation to developing an appropriate and sustainable funding model. The findings of this review will be beneficial for pharmacists, researchers, policymakers, and readers who wish to implement the role of general practice pharmacists in the future.
Effect of identified non-synonymous mutations in DPP4 receptor binding residues among highly exposed human population in Morocco to MERS-CoV through computational approach
Authors: Abbad Anass , Anga Latifa , Faouzi Abdellah , Iounes Nadia , Nourlil Jalal
Published: October 2021

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) has been identified as the main receptor of MERS-CoV facilitating its cellular entry and enhancing its viral replication upon the emergence of this novel coronavirus. DPP4 receptor is highly conserved among many species, but the genetic variability among direct binding residues to MERS-CoV restrained its cellular tropism to humans, camels and bats. The occurrence of natural polymorphisms in human DPP4 binding residues is not well characterized. Therefore, we aimed to assess the presence of potential mutations in DPP4 receptor binding domain (RBD) among a population highly exposed to MERS-CoV in Morocco and predict their effect on DPP4 –MERS-CoV binding affinity through a computational approach. DPP4 synonymous and non-synonymous mutations were identified by sanger sequencing, and their effect were modelled by mutation prediction tools, docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation to evaluate structural changes in human DPP4 protein bound to MERS-CoV S1 RBD protein. We identified eight mutations, two synonymous mutations (A291 =, R317 =) and six non-synonymous mutations (N229I, K267E, K267N, T288P, L294V, I295L). Through docking and MD simulation techniques, the chimeric DPP4 –MERS-CoV S1 RBD protein complex models carrying one of the identified non-synonymous mutations sustained a stable binding affinity for the complex that might lead to a robust cellular attachment of MERS-CoV except for the DPP4 N229I mutation. The latter is notable for a loss of binding affinity of DPP4 with MERS-CoV S1 RBD that might affect negatively on cellular entry of the virus. It is important to confirm our molecular modelling prediction with in-vitro studies to acquire a broader overview of the effect of these identified mutations.
The emergence of musical structures in instrumental free play of toddlers
Authors: Keren Ilil , Gilboa Avi , Cohen Veronika
Published: October 2021

The field of children’s free play instrumental musical expression seems to lack a theory on the developmental aspect in toddlerhood. The case studies presented here were part of a larger study aimed at helping to fill that gap. In the present study, five children aged 14–22 months played freely on a metallophone and a pair of bongos in six sessions over nineteen months. The results exemplify the toddlers’ process of developing the ability to structure well-formed musical ideas, starting with short patterns that gradually grow and using repetition-based structures. The insights can contribute to the fields of early childhood musical development, music education and childcare.
New discovery of ‘inspiration’ from the old treasure chest: An initial report on the Lexington Early Childhood Music Project
Authors: Lim Namhee
Published: October 2021

The Lexington Early Childhood Music Project aimed to improve the quality of musical experiences of young children living in Lexington, Kentucky, a mid-size US city. Classroom teachers collaborated with teaching artists, music therapists and music teachers on the development of a music programme that served thirty 3- and 4-year-old underprivileged children and their parents at the Family Care Center. The pedagogical approach of the project included: (1) helping children relate to an unfamiliar culture through music made familiar; (2) creating mediational tools for traditional songs and movements; (3) teaching children how to play musical instruments; and (4) attending participatory concerts. Collaborative efforts of the participants were found to enhance young children’s musical experiences. Shared inspiration played a critical role as the teachers and children voluntarily and creatively enriched their musical cultures.
“SERVICES” OF KUZNETSK TOWN - SERVICE COSSACKS ON THE TERRITORY OF THE BYISK DISTRICT IN THE LATE 18TH - EARLY 19TH CENTURY
Authors:   “Kuznetsk fortress”, Museum-Reserve, A. KAUFMANN
Published: October 2021

In the article the author used “Monthly Reports and Lists of Kuznetsk Town-Service Cossack Party Personnel Conditions” for 1812 to tell about missions of its members on the territory of the Byisk district. In this period in Western Siberia there were several fortified defense lines. They intended for protection the state territory from outward enemy. The district town Kuznetsk was a part of the structure of Siberian fortified defense lines. It had the permanent town-service Cossack party nearly from the early 19th century. By the facts according to 1812 the most members of the Cossack party did their service in the Biysk district. The Cossacks guarded the salt extraction territory on the territory of numerous salt lakes. Kuznetsk town-service Cossacks also did their service in towns and defense points of the district. Their responsibilities there were connected with guarding salt and other foodstuffs storages. By the facts according to 1812 the missions of the Kuznetsk Cossacks to Biysk district were continuous and lasted very often 5 and more years. There were some cases when Cossacks spent more than 15 years in such missions. Keywords: Siberian fortified defense lines, line-service and town-service Cossacks, near and distant missions, salt lakes, provision and salt repositories, salt storekeepers
RECREATIONAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND ETHNOGRAPHIC RESOURCES OF THE BOLSHECHENSKY DISTRICT OF THE OMSK REGION
Authors:   Omsk Historical and Cultural Museum-Reserve “Antiquity Siberian”, K. TIKHOMIROV ,   Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography SB RAS
Published: October 2021

Recreation is the most important part of modern life. However, in Russia, there is still underdeveloped an internal and, especially rural (ethnographic) and archaeological tourism. The paper analyzes the possibility of organization of educational recreation for people in the territory of the Bolshechensky district - one of the most touristic regions in the Middle Irtysh. As a result, the author comes to the conclusion that there are several areas which are the most suitable for the specified activity: this is a chain of old Russian villages, the area of compact residence of Tatars - descendants of immigrants from Central Asia, unique places of archaeological heritage sites (the Batakakovo and Inberen meander core, Chigar meander core etc.). For these places, several types of routes are offered (linear radial, radial-ring, etc.). Being of various archaeological and ethnographic themes they make it possible to show the tourists the traditional routine of the rural population, archaeological sites of different types and archaeological excavations. Keywords: western Siberia, northern forest-steppe, left bank of Middle Irtysh, archaeological, rural (ethnographic) tourism, recreation
KOZHOLYU-1 SETTLEMENT IN CENTRAL ALTAI
Authors:   Gorno-Altaisk State University, N. KONSTANTINOV , G. PLETS ,   Utrecht University, A. URBUSHEV ,   Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, V. TAKPAEVA ,   Gorno-Altaisk State University
Published: October 2021

The paper presents the results of archaeological survey at the Kozholyu-1 settlement, on the eastern outskirts of the Kupchegen village in Onguday Distric of Altai Republic. The settlement is located on the site of a gentle slope in the Bolshoi Kozholyu tract. In several places, the settlement is eroded by seasonal water flows. Material was collected at the destroying parts of settlement, and two sections of the largest erosion in the northeastern part of the site were cleaned up. In the course of the work, a relatively small amount of material was obtained, represented by a little more than 50 fragments of ceramic vessels, a piece of iron slag, a grain grater, a fragment of a bone arrowhead and fragments of animal bones. The ornamentation of pottery is represented by large and small finger clamps, indentations of the corner, a tube, a small rectangular stamp and an elongated flat stamp. Analogies to ceramics are found in the layers of settlements attributed by researchers to the Middle Ages. Keywords: altai, settlement, early Middle Ages, fragments of ceramics, survey
CERAMICS OF THE EARLY IRON AGE FROM THE SETTLEMENT OF FIRSOVO-15 (ACCORDING TO DIGGING MATERIALS 2020)
Authors:   Altai State University, S. RADOVSKY , I. Valkov ,   Altai State University
Published: October 2021

The article examines a complex of fragments of pottery and ceramic products of the Early Iron Age, obtained in 2020 during excavations at the village of Firsovo-15. This site is located in the Pervomaisky district of the Altai Territory, the work was carried out in the southwestern part of the settlement. During the study, fragments of earthenware originating from at least 108 vessels were found. Among them there are 73 ornamented rims, 18 rims without ornaments and 24 walls. The ornamental composition, in general, includes no more than two elements, one of which is a pearl or a rounded fossa. In addition to the vessel fragments, the Early Iron Age materials probably include four fragments of clay spindle whorls and a ceramic “chip”. The obtained materials are typical for the considered epoch and belong to the Old Aleic culture of the Upper Ob region. Keywords: early Iron Age, altai, Upper Ob Region, ceramics, Old Aleic culture
RANDOM FINDS ON THE TERRITORY OF THE ALTAI KRAI AND THE REPUBLIC OF ALTAI
Authors:   Altai State University, A. Tishkin , G. RUSANOV ,   Siberian Production and Geological Association
Published: October 2021

In the course of exploration and other special work, geologists often have to study large areas, and inspect natural and anthropogenic destruction. Over the years of work on the territory of the Altai Territory and the Altai Republic, one of the authors of the article had to repeatedly research various archaeological sites and ancient products. Information about this was transferred to the Department of Archaeology, Ethnography and Museology of Altai State University and will be reflected in the prepared publication. These materials reflect the connection with ancient burial objects of different cultures, record production sites where iron was smelted, and demonstrate an important single find. The article describes the circumstances of their discovery, makes the cultural-chronological attribution of the subject complex and presents the results of the analyzes. The illustrations complement the content of the interpretations carried out. The listed finds will be transferred to the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography of Altai ASU, and the indicated locations require additional research and possible excavations. Keywords: Altai Territory, republic of Altai, accidental find, knife, burial, ceramic vessel, Bystryanskaya culture, Pazyryk culture, x-ray fluorescence analysis, melting furnace
TECHNICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL STUDY OF CERAMICS OF THE FIRST HALF OF THE 20TH CENTURY FROM THE TERRITORY OF THE TABUNSKY DISTRICT OF THE ALTAI REGION
Authors:   Altai State University, O. Fedoruk , A. Fedoruk ,   Altai State University
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the publication ofmaterials of a technical and technological analysis of ceramics discovered on four nowadays non-existent settlements, founded during the Stolypin reforms, on the territory of the modern Tabunsky district of the Altai region. As a result of the study, it was found that ceramic products from clays of medium and strong ferrous content, of various plasticity prevailed there. Three recipes for molding materials have been founded. Most of the products were fired at high temperatures with oxygen access. Most of the crockery were not subjected to additional surface treatment; glazed items are also found, one vessel was ornamented. The data obtained agree with the available written and ethnographic sources. Further work on the technical and technological analysis of “Russian” ceramics, as well as conducting archaeological and ethnographic research, can provide more complete information about the level of development of pottery production in Altai, as well as reveal the specifics and local features of different districts. Keywords: pottery, ceramics, ﬁrst half of the 20th century, altai, technical and technological analysis
Prefácio
Authors: Gastmans Didier , Hiruma Silvio Takashi , Ezaki Sibele , Kirchheim Roberto Eduardo
Published: October 2021

Prefácio
Antropocæn økopoesi og komplekse skalaforhold
Authors: Flinker Jens Kramshøj
Published: October 2021

The term Anthropocene is often tied to an anxious awareness of the incalculable complexity of anthropogenic environmental changes. As a concept transferred from geology, the term Anthropocene, for humanities scholars such as Timothy Morton (Morton 2013) and Timothy Clark (Clark 2015), installs a crisis in thinking that is bound to scales of mundane and embodied experiences. Instead, they demand thinking about the impact of human life on the whole planet in much broader scales of space and time than is customary. This article examines how contemporary Nordic ecopoetry responds to these environmental changes and challenges in the epoch of the Anthropocene. The point of departure for this work is Silja E. K. Henderson’s 1,7 tipping point (Henderson, Silja E. K. 2018. 1,7 tipping point. København) and Jonas Gren’s Antropocen: dikt för en ny epok (Gren, Jonas 2016: Antropocen: dikt för en ny epok. Stockholm). The article argues that Henderson’s and Gren’s ecopoetry zooms in on micro-levels and out on larger global macro-levels to represent the scale-dynamics of the Anthropocene. Overall, the article argues that this kind of ecopoetry can affect and transform the reader’s ecological imagination.
Miniaturized frequency selective surface with high angular stability
Authors: Abidin Zain Ul , Cao Qunsheng , Shah Gulab , Dayo Zaheer Ahmed , Ejaz Muhammad
Published: October 2021

In this paper, a miniaturized bandstop frequency selective surface (FSS) with high angular stability is presented. Each FSS element consists of four sets each consisting eight octagonal concentric interconnected loops. The four sets are connected with each other through outermost octagonal loop. The unit size is miniaturized to 0.066 λ0 at the resonant frequency of 1.79 GHz. The proposed configuration achieves excellent angular stability (only 0.025 GHz resonant frequency deviation is observed upto 83° oblique angles). The working mechanism of FSS is explained with the help of equivalent circuit model (ECM), electric field distribution, and corresponding surface current distribution. A prototype of the designed bandstop FSS is fabricated to verify the simulated frequency response. The experimental results are consistent with the simulation results. Simple geometry, low profile, high angular stability, and compact cell size are prominent features of the proposed structure.
Regulation of transforming growth factor-β1-stimulation of Runx2 acetylation for matrix metalloproteinase 13 expression in osteoblastic cells
Authors: Gomathi Kanagaraj , Rohini Muthukumar , Partridge Nicola C. , Selvamurugan Nagarajan
Published: October 2021

Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) functions as a coupling factor between bone development and resorption. Matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) is important in bone remodeling, and skeletal dysplasia is caused by a deficiency in MMP13 expre-ssion. Runx2, a transcription factor is essential for bone development, and MMP13 is one of its target genes. TGF-β1 promoted Runx2 phosphorylation, which was necessary for MMP13 production in osteoblastic cells, as we previously shown. Since the phosphorylation of some proteins causes them to be degraded by the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway, we hypothesized that TGF-β1 might stabilize the phosphorylated Runx2 protein for its activity by other post-translational modification (PTM). This study demonstrated that TGF-β1-stimulated Runx2 acetylation in rat osteoblastic cells. p300, a histone acetyltransferase interacted with Runx2, and it promoted Runx2 acetylation upon TGF-β1-treatment in these cells. Knockdown of p300 decreased the TGF-β1-stimulated Runx2 acetylation and MMP13 expression in rat osteoblastic cells. TGF-β1-treatment stimulated the acetylated Runx2 bound at the MMP13 promoter, and knockdown of p300 reduced this effect in these cells. Overall, our studies identified the transcriptional regulation of MMP13 by TGF-β1 via Runx2 acetylation in rat osteoblastic cells, and these findings contribute to the knowledge of events presiding bone metabolism.
Performance of flow distribution in a microchannel parallel flow gas cooler with stepped protrusion depth header
Authors: Wang Ke , Liu Jiaqi , Liu Zunchao , Wang Yongqing , Wang Dan
Published: October 2021

Microchannel parallel flow gas cooler is commonly used in transcritical carbon dioxide automotive air conditioning system. To investigate the influence of the flat tube protrusion depth on fluid distribution, a numerical calculation model of microchannel parallel flow gas cooler with D-shaped header is established. With the object of even flow distribution, a novel stepped protrusion depth header is proposed. The effects of new header on the flow distribution of gas cooler were studied by numerical simulation. The results show that the flow distribution performance of gas cooler can be improved by changing the flat tube protrusion depth. Changing the protrusion depth of three groups of flat tubes simultaneously can achieve a better flow distribution performance of gas cooler than changing the protrusion depth of only one or two groups of flat tubes. When compared with the protrusion depth of all flat tubes is 0, the novel stepped protrusion depth header reduces the total flow distribution nonuniformity of gas cooler by 34–51%. The research in this paper provides a method for improving the flow distribution performance of gas coolers.
Biodegradation of acid red 3BN dye in sequential batch reactor: parameters and kinetics studies
Authors: Kumar Vijay , Khapre Akhilesh , Thakur Chandrakant , Ghosh Prabir , Chaudhari Parmesh Kumar
Published: October 2021

Textile and dye industries generate wastewater which is considered as highly polluted and carcinogenic. Due to this, treatment of wastewater is required earlier to discharge or recycle. In the present studies, treatment of dye bearing water (DBW) has been explored. The treatment was performed using activated sludge (mixed culture) for aerobic process in sequential batch reactor (SBR). The fill volume (V
F) and fill time (t
F) variation in the treatment of DBW was taken place. The initial value of dye concentration, chemical oxygen demand (COD), sludge, and hydraulic retention time (HRT) were found to play important role in the treatment. At optimum condition (HRT = 2.5 d), the 86.84% COD reduction of 190 mg/L COD, and 92.33% dye reduction of 339 mg/L dye were achieved. These values are equal to overall 94.85% dye reduction of 500 mg/L, and 93.15% COD reduction of 380 mg/L. As a result, 500 mg/L dye was reduced to 26 mg/L, and 380 mg/L COD was reduced to 25 mg/L. The biodegradation fitted to Monod kinetics, for which kinetics parameter values of specific growth rate constant of biomass µ = 0.0047 h−1, yield coefficient (Y) = 1.059, and substrate utilization rate (q) = 0.0044 h−1 were evaluated at HRT = 2.5 d. The results show, this process can be applied to treat Acid Red 3BN Dye Water (AR3BNDW).
Action nominalization: a view from Esahie (Kwa)
Authors: Broohm Obed Nii , Melloni Chiara
Published: October 2021

The paper provides a comprehensive account of the derivation of action nominals in Esahie, a Ghanaian language of the Tano subgroup (Kwa, Niger-Congo) which has been undocumented thus far, especially as far as morphosyntactic phenomena are concerned. The aim of the research is threefold: to contribute to language documentation, to provide a systematic description and analysis of the morphosyntactic properties of Esahie action nominals, and to offer a typological assessment of these constructions. We argue that action nominalization in Esahie primarily involves a composite strategy: a morpho-syntactic operation, invariably involving affixation, and a concomitant prosodic operation in the form of a change in tonal melody. As far as the derivation of action nominals is concerned, it appears that in Esahie, tone raising is not simply a phonologically-conditioned prosodic effect, but plays a morphemic role. Further, depending on the arity of the base verb, nominalization may or may not be coupled with incorporation of the internal argument, which derives a form of synthetic compounding, as in the English truck-driving type. Based on the seminal works by Koptjevskaja-Tamm, Maria. 1993. Nominalizations. London: Routledge; Koptjevskaja-Tamm, Maria. 2006. Nominalizations. In Encyclopedia of language and linguistics, vol. 8, 652–659. Boston: Elsevier, the current work argues that Esahie belongs to the possessive-incorporating subtype of the incorporating languages.
“In the Dark Places, Getting Burned”: Portrayals of Street Culture in Taiwan Cinema Today
Authors: Wicks James
Published: October 2021

Street culture is represented in two mid-2010 Taiwan films, The Kids (Xiaohai, 2015) and Thanatos, Drunk (Zui sheng meng shi 2015), in such stunning and beautiful ways that this essay sets out to etch each of them not only into the annals of Taiwan’s most memorable urban films ever made, but also position them as essential texts within the emergent field of street culture more broadly. Both movies depict physical and ideological boundaries that separate urban spaces from Taiwanese culture at large, and reveal the extent to which their young protagonists are perceived as “abnormal” even as they use street literacy in sophisticated ways to interact with formal actors (such as school teachers and the police) and informal actors (such as hooligans and petty criminals). These two films arguably present the best vantage point to understand the peripheral status of Taiwan’s urban young people who do not conform to hegemonic norms.
All-optical modulation based on MoS2-Plasmonic nanoslit hybrid structures
Authors: Sun Feiying , Nie Changbin , Wei Xingzhan , Mao Hu , Zhang Yupeng , Wang Guo Ping
Published: October 2021

Two-dimensional (2D) materials with excellent optical properties and complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) compatibility have promising application prospects for developing highly efficient, small-scale all-optical modulators. However, due to the weak nonlinear light-material interaction, high power density and large contact area are usually required, resulting in low light modulation efficiency. In addition, the use of such large-band-gap materials limits the modulation wavelength. In this study, we propose an all-optical modulator integrated Si waveguide and single-layer MoS2 with a plasmonic nanoslit, wherein modulation and signal light beams are converted into plasmon through nanoslit confinement and together are strongly coupled to 2D MoS2. This enables MoS2 to absorb signal light with photon energies less than the bandgap, thereby achieving high-efficiency amplitude modulation at 1550 nm. As a result, the modulation efficiency of the device is up to 0.41 dB μm−1, and the effective size is only 9.7 µm. Compared with other 2D material-based all-optical modulators, this fabricated device exhibits excellent light modulation efficiency with a micron-level size, which is potential in small-scale optical modulators and chip-integration applications. Moreover, the MoS2-plasmonic nanoslit modulator also provides an opportunity for TMDs in the application of infrared optoelectronics.
Conflict and Authority: William of Saint-Thierry and Peter Abelard as Readers of Origen
Authors: Cvetković Carmen Angela
Published: October 2021

This study compares how two prominent twelfth-century Latin authors and theological opponents, namely the monastic author William of Saint-Thierry (c. 1080–1148) and the school master Peter Abelard (1079–1142), variously understood the authority of the controversial yet influential Greek author Origen (c. 184–253) in their works. Modern scholars who study the reception of Origen in the twelfth-century Latin West have, to this point, spoken of an Origenian revival in this period, concluding that Origen was especially popular in the cloister, among Cistercian monks, such as Bernard of Clairvaux and his followers, like William of Saint-Thierry, based on the assumption that as monks they found his writings more relevant. This study seeks to challenge this scholarly narrative by focusing on two authors who are perceived as typifying two different strands of theology, one of a contemplative character developed in the cloister (William) and one making use of dialectics and developed in the emerging schools (Abelard). By demonstrating that the schoolmaster Abelard drew on Origen to a greater degree and in a more transparent manner than his monastic opponent, this study will show that Origen’s popularity in the cloisters was not, as such, a clear point of distinction between them and schools in the way that has usually been claimed by modern scholarship.
Results of AAS-measurements of atmospheric deposition of copper and lead in the snow cover of Almaty agglomeration
Authors: Madibekov Аzamat , Ismukhanova Laura , Mussakulkyzy Ainur , Kulbekova Roza , Zhadi Askhat
Published: October 2021

The article presents the results of the study conducted on the territory of the Almaty agglomeration (AA) in the first half of 2019. During the expeditionary studies, sampling was carried out at 30 permanent points established taking into account the degree of anthropogenic load and sources of technogenic pollution. The content of trace elements (TE) in the snow was determined by a flame atomic absorption spectrometric method using an AA-7000 spectrophotometer with a hollow cathode lamp and with a nozzle burner operating on an acetylene-air mixture. The paper considers the amount of content of copper and lead in the snow, as well as the nature of their distribution over the study area. Calculations were carried out on the number of depositions of the TE in question per unit area over the territory of the agglomeration, with the allocation of zones experiencing the highest technogenic load.
Development in nanomembrane-based filtration of emerging contaminants
Authors: Tiruneh Adugna Amare
Published: October 2021

Recently, the concentration of emerging contaminants is increasing in drinking water sources, industrial wastewater, and reclaimed water. It is not possible to remove the emerging contaminants using conventional methods, and the interest to use nanomembrane-based filtration is getting attention. A nanomembrane-based filtration can be manipulated without the use of any special equipment. Different research findings reported better removal of emerging contaminants has been achieved using nanomembrane-based filtration. Moreover, new developments have been examined and implemented at different levels and are expected to continue. Therefore, this chapter provides a brief overview of recent developments on nanomembrane-based filtration processes in the removal of emerging contaminants from drinking water sources, industrial wastewater, and reclaimed water.
Obstructive sleep apnea is common in patients with high-impact chronic pain – an exploratory study from an interdisciplinary pain center
Authors: Larsen Dennis Boye , Bendix Laila , Abeler Karin , Petersen Kristian Kjær , Sprehn Michael , Bruun Karin Due , Blichfeldt-Eckhardt Morten Rune , Vaegter Henrik Bjarke
Published: October 2021

Objectives

Sleep disturbances are increasingly recognized as a major part of chronic pain pathology. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common occurrence in patients with chronic pain attending specialized pain clinics, yet its prevalence remains unclear. Using screening tools such as the Berlin and STOP-BANG questionnaires may aid in early identification of OSA and improve clinical care. This study i) examined the frequency of OSA based on objective sleep monitoring in patients with high-impact chronic pain, ii) explored potential differences in self-reported pain and sleep characteristics between patients with and without OSA, and iii) tested the agreement between OSA classification based on objective assessment and two OSA screening questionnaires.

Methods

A consecutive cohort of 90 patients (71 women and 19 men; mean age: 47.1 ± 11.0 years) referred for interdisciplinary pain treatment, underwent one night of sleep monitoring using portable respiratory polygraphy (RP), and suspected OSA was confirmed with polysomnography (PSG). Self-reported data on clinical pain (severity, pain drawings and health-related quality of life), sleep characteristics (sleep quality insomnia, sleepiness), and risk of OSA (Berlin and STOP-BANG questionnaires) were collected the day before RP assessment.

Results

Forty-six (51.1%) patients were classified with OSA according to RP and verified with PSG. Twenty-eight patients (31.1%) had moderate or severe OSA (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] >15). Patients with OSA reported lower sleep quality compared with patients without OSA. Scores on pain severity, disability, quality of life, insomnia and sleepiness were comparable between patients with and without OSA. Sensitivity and specificity were 78.6 and 45.2% respectively for the Berlin questionnaire, and 71.4 and 58.1% respectively for the STOP-BANG questionnaire. The agreement for both questionnaires with objective assessment was poor-to-fair. Both questionnaires had acceptable negative predictive values but low positive predictive values reducing the clinical utility to identify patients with low OSA-risk in this sample.

Conclusions

The current study demonstrates a high prevalence of OSA in patients with high-impact chronic pain referred to specialized pain treatment, however the clinical pain profiles were similar in patients with and without OSA. The Berlin and STOP-BANG questionnaires have poor specificity and low-to-fair agreement with RP/PSG questioning their clinical utility in identifying OSA in this sample.
Mixed initial-boundary value problems describing motions of Maxwell fluids with linear dependence of viscosity on the pressure
Authors: Fetecau Constantin , Vieru Dumitru , Rauf Abdul , Qureshi Tahir Mushtaq
Published: October 2021

Some mixed initial-boundary value problems are analytically studied. They correspond to unsteady motions of the incompressible upper-convected Maxwell (IUCM) fluids with linear dependence of viscosity on the pressure between infinite horizontal parallel plates. The fluid motion is generated by the upper plate that applies time-dependent shear stresses to the fluid. Exact solutions are established for the dimensionless velocity and nontrivial shear stress fields using a suitable change of the spatial variable and the Laplace transform technique. They are presented as sum of the steady-state and transient components and are used to determine the required time to reach the permanent state. Comparisons between exact and numerical solutions indicate an excellent agreement. Analytical solutions for the unsteady motion of the same fluids induced by an exponential shear stress on the boundary are obtained as limiting cases of the general solutions. Moreover, the steady-state solutions corresponding to the ordinary IUCM fluids performing the initial motions are provided by means of asymptotic approximations of standard Bessel functions. Finally, spatial variation of starting solutions and the influence of physical parameters on the fluid motion are graphically underlined and discussed.
Otwarte zasoby edukacyjne - przegląd inicjatyw w Polsce i na świecie
Authors:   Politechnika Gdańska, Kokot-Kanikuła Kamila , Wałek Anna
Published: October 2021

Open Educational Resources (OER) are training materials and tools that support both learning and teaching. This phenomenon is inextricably linked with a broader concept - open education, which calls for the removal of barriers to teaching so that learners can acquire knowledge following their educational and training needs. The aim of the article is to familiarize the readers with the idea of open educational resources, the legal and organizational foundations crucial for their creation and development, as well as the latest initiatives undertaken in the field of OER dissemination. In the first part of the article, the authors explain the concept and role of open educational resources in the teaching process. Then, they present selected initiatives implemented by members of European Network of Open Education Librarians (ENOEL) and the results of a survey conducted among European academic libraries by SPARC Europe. The analysis of publications, the content of legal documents, reports, and recommendations made it possible to precisely define the meaning of open educational resources for their users. The multifaceted nature and scale of the activities confirm that modern teaching can develop faster based on open educational materials.