bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Neglected Case of the ‘W’: Waste or Wisdom?
Authors: Ramachandran Sridhar , Wyandotte Annette
Published: January 2017

Receiving a ‘W’ for a class withdrawal differs from earning a grade of ‘D’ or ‘F,’ yet studies typically combine these elements. This study focuses on the ‘W’: 1) to urge teacher-scholars to investigate its importance and 2) scholarly teachers to engage in methods that may avert student withdrawals as well as to facilitate students to make more informed decisions before taking a ‘W.’ The article addresses the scant literature on the ‘W’ to re-contextualize a student’s decision to withdraw from a course in the broader student success literature. Studies of retention, persistence, and completion of higher educational goals widely recognize both academic and non-cognitive influences that may move a student to withdraw from college. Results of the authors’ case study presented here suggest parallels in student decisions to withdraw from a course, hoping to raise awareness within the scholarship of teaching community of the need to probe this topic, in view of in their wisdom for teaching and learning their passion to educate students for a better quality of life and work.
Transferring Skills from Classroom to Professional Writing: Student-Faculty Peer Review as an Extension of Cognitive Apprenticeship
Authors: Klucevsek Kristin Marie
Published: January 2017

In discipline-specific writing courses, students develop professional skills in reading, writing, and peer review. However, students have limited opportunities to peer review professional writing outside a writing classroom or with faculty, especially if they do not perform research.  Therefore, it is unclear how students apply classroom-acquired peer review skills to a professional setting. This study examined the transfer of peer review skills learned in a science writing course to an authentic setting in which undergraduate students peer reviewed for the instructor after completing the course. In this case study, eight students volunteered to give feedback to the instructor on a draft of a literature review intended for journal submission. Student feedback was qualitatively evaluated for types and themes. Additionally, students provided their perspectives on this process through pre- and post-questionnaires, where they indicated a struggle with confidence and content while reading and reviewing. This study supports student-faculty peer review as an authentic tool for situated learning.  The benefits to students include increased confidence in reading, writing, and peer reviewing literature, an opportunity to practice classroom skills, and a chance to collaborate with professionals during the writing process. I conclude with additional suggestions to increase student-faculty collaboration and cognitive apprenticeship through peer review as a tool in any discipline.
Artifacts and Allegiances: How Museums Put the Nation and the World on Display (Levitt)
Authors: Gieryn Thomas F.
Published: January 2017

This work is a book review considering the title Artifacts and Allegiances: How Museums Put the Nation and the World on Display by Peggy Levitt.
Books and Media Received
Authors: Jackson Jason Baird
Published: January 2017

This item is a listing of scholarly works submitted to the editorial office for possible review.
Environmental Evaluation of Fabric Dyeing and Water Use for a Global Apparel Manufacturer
Authors: Lewis Tasha L. , Zeng Xia , Sanchez Vanessa , Fan Jintu
Published: January 2017

The apparel industry is characterized by a globally-connected supply chain of producers and suppliers, which presents challenges when dealing with the enforcement of environmental regulations. Apparel industry leaders have recognized the need for improved environmental stewardship and have moved towards more collective efforts to address the toxins that are produced as part of their manufacturing processes. This study focuses on textile dyeing, one of the largest contributors to hazardous chemicals in the apparel supply chain, as a starting point for an apparel manufacturer's environmental assessment of their product offerings.
Interaktionsmodell für Industrie 4.0 Komponenten
Authors: Diedrich Christian , Bieliaiev Alexander , Bock Jürgen , Gössling Andreas , Hänisch Rolf , Kraft Andreas , Pethig Florian , Niggemann Oliver , Reich Johannes , Vollmar Friedrich , Wende Jörg
Published: January 2017

Verwaltungsschalen bilden zusammen mit den Assets der digitalen Fabrik I4.0-Komponenten. Interaktionen zwischen den
Verwaltungsschalen sind wichtige Bestandteile der Wertschöpfungsketten in den I4.0-Systemen. Dafür benötigen die
Verwaltungsschalen eine gemeinsame Sprache. Auf der Basis der Festlegungen der DIN SPEC 91345, d. h. des RAMIs und der
Struktur der Verwaltungsschale, wird hier das Interaktionskonzept beschrieben.
A Priori and A Posteriori Estimates of Conforming and Mixed FEM for a Kirchhoff Equation of Elliptic Type
Authors: Dond Asha K. , Pani Amiya K.
Published: January 2017

In this article, a priori and a posteriori estimates of conforming and expanded mixed finite element methods for a Kirchhoff equation
of elliptic type are derived. For the expanded mixed finite element method, a variant of Brouwer’s fixed point argument combined with a monotonicity argument yields the well-posedness of the discrete nonlinear system. Further, a use of both Helmholtz decomposition of

L
2

$L^{2}$

-vector valued functions and the discrete Helmholtz decomposition of the Raviart–Thomas finite elements helps in a crucial way to achieve optimal a priori as well as a posteriori
error bounds. For both conforming and expanded mixed form, reliable and efficient a posteriori
estimators are established. Finally, the numerical experiments
are performed to validate the theoretical convergence rates.
Transient Analysis of Falling Cylinder in Non-Newtonian Fluids: Further Opportunity to Employ the Benefits of SPH Method in Fluid – Structure Problems
Authors: Kamyabi MohammadMahdi , Ramazani Ahmad S.A. , Kamyabi Ata
Published: January 2017

Smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) was applied to simulate the free falling of cylindrical bodies in three types of fluids including Newtonian, generalized-Newtonian and viscoelastic fluids. Renormalized derivation schemes were used because of their consistency in combination with the latest version of no slip boundary condition to improve the handling of moving fluid-structure interactions (FSIs). Verification of the method was performed through comparing the results of some benchmark examples for both single and two phase flows with the literature. The effects of some parameters such as the viscosity of the Newtonian fluid, the n index of the power-law fluid and the relaxation time of the Oldroyd-B fluid along with the diameter of the cylinder on the falling history were investigated. Achieving reasonable results, SPH method was proven to be suitable for simulating moving fluid-structure boundaries independent of the fluid type.
Measurement uncertainty of non-incremental, non-contact, in-situ shape measurements
Authors: Schuster Micha Sebastian , Kuschmierz Robert , Czarske Jürgen
Published: January 2017

Optical measurement systems work fast and non-contact and can achieve sub-micron precision. Thus they appear to be well
suited for in-situ shape measurement of fast rotating objects such as cutting processes in metal working lathes. Most
optical measurement systems, however, allow an axial position measurement only. In order to retrieve the shape of the
object from a distance measurement, the distance between the sensor and the centre of the object has to be
known. Otherwise, deviations of this distance, for instance due to temperature effects or vibrations, will result in
a measurement deviation. In order to allow an absolute shape measurement, which is independent of the sensor position, the
mean radius of the rotating object can be retrieved from the object's circumferential velocity. The laser Doppler distance
sensor with phase evaluation (P-LDD sensor) allows a simultaneous velocity and distance measurement with high
temporal resolution. Thus, the P-LDD sensor allows to measure the mean radius as well as the spatially
resolved deviation of the radius independently of the sensor position. In order to quantify the achievable measurement
uncertainty, and especially the influence of the temperature the measurement uncertainty budget is derived and considers
random as well as systematic errors. It is shown that the P-LDD sensor allows an absolute, three-dimensional
shape measurement of fast rotating objects with sub-micron uncertainty. The systematic measurement uncertainty of the
absolute shape due to the temperature amounts to only 200 nm/K. Thus the P-LDD sensor is not
dependent on temperature-controlled laboratories but can be employed directly in the production process (in-situ or in-process).
BMP15 regulates the inhibin/activin system independently of ovulation rate control in sheep
Authors: Estienne Anthony , Lahoz Belén , Jarrier Peggy , Bodin Loys , Folch José , Alabart José-Luis , Fabre Stéphane , Monniaux Danielle
Published: January 2017

Polymorphisms in the gene encoding bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP15) have been associated with multiple ovulations in sheep. As BMP15 regulates inhibin expression in rodents, we assumed that the ovarian inhibin/activin system could mediate part of the effect of BMP15 mutations in the regulation of ovulation rate in sheep. To answer this question, we have studied the effects of two natural loss-of-function mutations of BMP15 on the expression of components of this system. The FecXR and the FecXGr mutations, when present respectively in Rasa Aragonesa ewes at the heterozygous state and in Grivette ewes at the homozygous state, were associated with a twofold increase in ovulation rate. There were only small differences between mutant and wild-type ewes for mRNA expression of INHA, INHBA, ACVR1B, ACVR2A, FST or TGFBR3 in granulosa cells and inhibin A or activin A concentrations in follicular fluid. Moreover, the effects of mutations differed between breeds. In cultures of granulosa cells from wild-type ewes, BMP15, acting alone or in synergy with GDF9, stimulated INHA, INHBA and FST expression, but inhibited the expression of TGFBR3. Activin A did not affect INHBA expression, but inhibited the expression of ACVR2A also. The complexity of the inhibin/activin system, including positive and antagonistic elements, and the differential regulation of these elements by BMP15 and activin can explain that the effects of BMP15 mutations differ when present in different genetic backgrounds. In conclusion, the ovarian inhibin/activin system is unlikely to participate in the increase of ovulation rate associated with BMP15 mutations in sheep.
Impact of donor and recipient adiposity on placental and fetal growth in adolescent sheep
Authors: Wallace Jacqueline M , Milne John S , Adam Clare L , Aitken Raymond P
Published: January 2017

The influence of maternal obesity during oocyte development and its putative interaction with nutrient reserves at conception on pregnancy outcome were examined in an adolescent sheep model. Donor ewes were nutritionally managed to achieve contrasting adiposity (control (CD)/obese (ObD)) for 6 weeks prior to superovulation and inseminated by a non-obese sire. Morulae from 6 CD and 7 ObD were transferred in singleton into adolescent recipients of identical age but differing adiposity, classified as relatively fat or thin respectively. Thereafter, all were overnourished to promote rapid growth/adiposity (2 × 2 design, 13/14 pregnancies/group). A fifth recipient group of intermediate adiposity received embryos from another 5 CD, was offered a moderate intake to maintain adiposity throughout gestation and acted as controls for normal pregnancy outcome (optimally treated control (OTC), 19 pregnancies). Donor obesity did not influence ovulation, fertilisation or recovery rates or impact embryo morphology. Gestation length and colostrum yield were unaffected by donor or recipient adiposity and were reduced relative to OTC. Total fetal cotyledon and lamb birth weights were independent of initial donor adiposity but reduced in relatively thin vs relatively fat recipients and lower than those in the OTC group. In spite of high placental efficiency, the incidence of fetal growth restriction was greatest in the thin recipients. Thus, maternal adiposity at conception, but not pre-conception maternal obesity, modestly influences the feto-placental growth trajectory, whereas comparison with the OTC indicates that high gestational intakes to promote rapid maternal growth remain the dominant negative influence on pregnancy outcome in young adolescents. These findings inform dietary advice for pregnant adolescent girls.
Introduction: Law, Religion, Disability
Authors: Malhotra Ravi , Shipley Heather
Published: January 2017

The intersections of religion, law and disability offer a vast spectrum of possible analytical interrogations. Yet the relationship of law, religion and disability is still an emerging research area; the overlapping challenges that are produced by barriers within religious and legal spheres offer insights regarding the lives of persons with disabilities within both religious and legal domains.
Quakers and Disability: Theory and Practice in the 19th Century
Authors: Lillie Timothy
Published: January 2017

During the 19th century, the Religious Society of Friends, or Quakers, were among the religious groups of the time who made sure to “take care of their own,” by ensuring that sick, dependent, or disabled members of their congregations who came to their official attention were cared for. The Quaker process was heavily influenced by the book of discipline that each Yearly Meeting adopted as a set of rules for living for their members and that particularly described ways of dealing with the poor. This paper examines the Quakers of the early to mid-19th century, elements of the discipline of Indiana Yearly Meeting in particular, and examines the case of Samuel Price, who was supported as an “insane person” for 45 years. Use and interpretation of formal entries in the minutes of some parts of the Society of Friends in Indiana, in those days, is an important part of understanding what happened to Price, since the nature and extent of recording practices was deeply culturally embedded in the practices of Quakers who lived in a manner similar to that of Amish cultures in the 21st century. The paper touches on changes in the Midwestern culture that surrounded the Friends and how it affected them. Some indications of parallels for today are also examined.
Propter Deformitatem: Towards a Concept of Disability in Medieval Canon Law
Authors: Parlopiano Brandon
Published: January 2017

Disability Studies has its roots in the increased awareness of the rights for those with disabilities and the movement for the greater actualization of those rights in the 1970s and 1980s. As part of this campaign, activists and advocacy groups tried to reframe disability as a constructed concept. They rejected the notion of disability as a static historical constant, and instead emphasized the ways in which the norms, laws, and assumptions of society “disabled” individuals. Scholars, particularly historians, soon seized on this approach and began working to show in detail the historical variability of disability and how modern notions came into being. The political background of Disability Studies has meant that many of these studies have focused on the near- history of disability and its impact on the present day. More recently, however, scholars have increasingly turned to the more distant past.
Review of Being Mortal: Medicine and What Matters in the End by Gawande
Authors: Berkemeier Caleb
Published: January 2017

The experience of death and dying has become an event that happens within the confines of the hospital and nursing home. Gawande refers to this fact as an “experiment of making mortality a medical experience” (9), and he is writing this book to expose how the experiment is failing.
Review of Approaching Disability by Mallett & Runswick-Cole
Authors: Driedger Diane
Published: January 2017

Approaching Disability: Critical Issues and Perspectives, by Rachel Mallett and Katherine Runswick-Cole, is meant to be an introductory text for disability studies at the undergraduate and graduate studies levels, and for disabled people and scholars in general.
Biblioteca Infantil Miriam Álvarez Brenes: perspectiva interdisciplinaria de los talleres impartidos de 2000 al 2009
Authors: Mora Valverde Máster María Marjorie
Published: January 2017

En este artículo se presentan los principales resultados de una investigación que analiza los aportes de la biblioteca infantil a la población de las comunidades de Jardines Universitarios 1 y 2 de Heredia y de otras comunidades en la provincia, por medio de los talleres educativos. Estos talleres se han caracterizado por la valiosa participación de estudiantes de diferentes especialidades, como la educación y la psicología, integrados a la labor bibliotecológica en beneficio de la comunidad usuaria.En el período del año 2000 al 2009 se impartieron en total noventa talleres: 86 dirigidos a la población infantil, y 4 a las familias de la comunidad. También se realizaron 11 charlas, 1 para la población infantil y 10 para las familias. Del total de talleres recibidos por los menores, los de idiomas se han impartido en mayor cantidad y comprenden un 18,6%, seguidos por los de promoción de la lectura con un 16,3% y motivos navideños con el mismo porcentaje y apresto escolar con el 12,8%; estos temas comprenden el 64,4% de los talleres.
Del periodismo larvario al ciberperiodismo: Evolución del concepto de periodista
Authors: Pampillón Ponce Luis Andrés
Published: January 2017

El presente trabajo aborda la definición evolutiva del concepto de periodista a través de un estudio diacrónico que emplea la herramienta de búsqueda hemerográfica y bibliográfica, acompañada de datos empíricos proveniente de entrevistas aplicadas a personajes ilustres en el sector. La escala evolutiva propuesta data del periodismo larvario hasta el ciberperiodismo. Los resultados de la investigación nos muestran un concepto dinámico que está sujeto al contexto histórico-cultural que le acompaña. En un primer momento (antes del siglo XIX) se observa que el concepto de periodista va ligado a una persona quien publica de forma periódica principalmente a través de medios escritos. No obstante, a partir de los noventas del Siglo XX, y en virtud del uso generalizado de las nuevas tecnologías de información y comunicación (TIC), de alguna manera todos los individuos podemos ser comunicadores, ahora a través de medios como la internet. En conclusión, el debate en torno a la figura del periodista o de la periodista es complejo y denota, sobretodo, la exaltación de los valores éticos y morales, imprescindibles para realizar el quehacer periodístico.
La lucha de los pueblos originarios en México por el reconocimiento de sus derechos
Authors: Munguía Salazar Alex , Delgadillo Díaz Leal Lourdes Guadalupe , Victoria de la Rosa Silvano
Published: January 2017

En las últimas décadas, la demanda de autonomía se ha convertido en una bandera de lucha para los pueblos indígenas de México y América Latina. Sin embargo, el término autonomía, debido a sus distintos usos e implicaciones en las normas internacionales, genera confusión y temores separatistas en los Estados. En la conceptualización y formulación de la autonomía se encuentran diversas ideas y propuestas, cuyos alcances van desde el ámbito regional y municipal hasta lo local. Ello complica aún más el cumplimiento de tan importante demanda. La autonomía es así una demanda central del conjunto de reivindicaciones asociadas a los derechos indígenas que actualmente también se debaten en el marco internacional y al interior de numerosas naciones. Esta demanda se refiere a la autodeterminación de los pueblos, básicamente en sus espacios geográficos propios, en su mayoría de tipo rural. La condición pluriétnica como base del establecimiento de ámbitos de autonomía indígena ya inició; al respecto destaca el caso de Canadá, en el cual los derechos territoriales también abarcan los recursos naturales. Inclusive, en América Latina en Bolivia, Venezuela, Colombia y Nicaragua la autonomía indígena ha sido elevada a rango constitucional.
Rudeness and Medical Team Performance
Authors: Riskin Arieh , Erez Amir , Foulk Trevor A. , Riskin-Geuz Kinneret S. , Ziv Amitai , Sela Rina , Pessach-Gelblum Liat , Bamberger Peter A.
Published: January 2017

OBJECTIVES:

Rudeness is routinely experienced by medical teams. We sought to explore the impact of rudeness on medical teams’ performance and test interventions that might mitigate its negative consequences.

METHODS:

Thirty-nine NICU teams participated in a training workshop including simulations of acute care of term and preterm newborns. In each workshop, 2 teams were randomly assigned to either an exposure to rudeness (in which the comments of the patient’s mother included rude statements completely unrelated to the teams’ performance) or control (neutral comments) condition, and 2 additional teams were assigned to rudeness with either a preventative (cognitive bias modification [CBM]) or therapeutic (narrative) intervention. Simulation sessions were evaluated by 2 independent judges, blind to team exposure, who used structured questionnaires to assess team performance.

RESULTS:

Rudeness had adverse consequences not only on diagnostic and intervention parameters (mean therapeutic score 3.81 ± 0.36 vs 4.31 ± 0.35 in controls, P < .01), but also on team processes (such as information and workload sharing, helping and communication) central to patient care (mean teamwork score 4.04 ± 0.34 vs 4.43 ± 0.37, P < .05). CBM mitigated most of these adverse effects of rudeness, but the postexposure narrative intervention had no significant effect.

CONCLUSIONS:

Rudeness has robust, deleterious effects on the performance of medical teams. Moreover, exposure to rudeness debilitated the very collaborative mechanisms recognized as essential for patient care and safety. Interventions focusing on teaching medical professionals to implicitly avoid cognitive distraction such as CBM may offer a means to mitigate the adverse consequences of behaviors that, unfortunately, cannot be prevented.
Avaliação de softwares educacionais indicados ao aprendizado inicial da leitura e da escrita
Authors: Santos Catiane Sillva , Guaresi Ronei
Published: January 2017

O presente estudo insere-se no contexto de ensino e aprendizado inicial da leitura e da escrita ao avaliar softwares com indicação para casos de aprendizado aquém do esperado. Configura-se como um estudo experimental de dois grupos divididos de forma aleatória e avaliados por meio de pré-testagem e pós-testagem, considerando duas variáveis: desempenho em leitura e em escrita. Cada grupo foi submetido a uma das ferramentas pedagógicas durante um mês, 30 minutos diários, totalizando 10h por informante. Os resultados mostram que os softwares foram eficazes, em especial com os estudantes com ínfimos resultados no pré-teste, o que justifica a recomendação dessas ferramentas como apoios complementares no processo de alfabetização em caso de estudantes com aprendizado aquém do esperado para a idade. Observamos que os softwares, explorando atividades de consciência fonológica, provocam mudança num nível linguístico caro para nosso sistema de escrita, nível fonológico, e isso influencia outros níveis linguísticos e favorece cognitivamente a aquisição e o aprendizado inicial da leitura e da escrita.
Leitura de charges: questões metodológicas
Authors: Gonçalves Tamiris Machado
Published: January 2017

A charge é um discurso complexo que se utiliza de vozes sociais contemporâneas a ela para edificar-se como gênero. Este artigo tem como tema a compreensão da charge sob a perspectiva do Círculo de Bakhtin, sobretudo das noções de signo ideológico, gêneros discursivos e vozes sociais. Construindo com a psicolinguística uma interface para entender os processos cognitivos implicados na leitura desse gênero, busca-se também o entendimento do conceito de compreensão leitora. Ademais, são apresentadas informações acerca do Google Formulários, tecnologia on-line que permite a construção de atividades envolvendo charges. A partir do estudo de duas charges de Latuff, publicadas uma em 2014 e outra em 2015 no endereço eletrônico Sul 21, busca-se entender a atividade enunciativa que as constitui: quais recursos são mobilizados para a edificação de seus sentidos. Para tanto, verifica-se como se dão as relações dialógicas entre as charges e os enunciados anteriores que com elas se relacionam para se constituir como gênero na cadeia da comunicação discursiva. Com as discussões em torno dos sentidos construídos, será possível perceber que todo discurso é dialógico, isto é, todo discurso estabelece uma necessária relação com outros discursos, desencadeando diferentes sentidos.
Considerações sobre a elaboração de um instrumento de pesquisa virtual para investigar a consciência textual no ensino do gênero textual conto
Authors: Prado Leandro Lemes do
Published: January 2017

No presente artigo, tem-se o ensino e a aprendizagem entrecruzados na elaboração de um instrumento de pesquisa fundamentado pela Psicolinguística e o ensino de leitura. Cabe à Psicolinguística o estudo das conexões entre a linguagem e a mente e seu espaço entre os estudos sobre a linguagem percebida pelo ângulo da cognição no que se refere ao processamento da compreensão leitora e da produção escrita. Nessa perspectiva, os estudos sobre o ensino de leitura e escrita investigam a consciência textual dos leitores para verificar em que medida este processo cognitivo acontece. Nessa perspectiva, o presente trabalho propõe a análise de um instrumento de pesquisa que investiga a consciência textual do gênero conto de professores, levando em consideração os diversos elementos linguísticos que constituem o texto e estabelecem suas relações com o contexto. Para investigar a consciência textual do conto, propõe-se o enfoque sobre a coesão lexical e gramatical bem como sobre a coerência textual e a superestrutura. O público-alvo a que se destina o instrumento da pesquisa são professores de português que atuam nas diferentes redes de ensino da educação Básica. Espera-se que as respostas ao instrumento possam apontar como se dá o processamento da compreensão leitora daqueles que ensinam a leitura de um texto literário na escola.
O uso do dicionário como estratégia metacognitiva de aquisição lexical na leitura em mídia virtual e impressa
Authors: Finger-Kratochvil Claudia , Carvalho Margarete G. M. de
Published: January 2017

Pesquisas vêm comparando os dicionários eletrônicos aos impressos para verificar qual deles responde melhor às demandas do leitor com relação à construção do conhecimento lexical, visando à compreensão leitora. Este artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa pré-experimental, psicolinguística, que verificou o desenvolvimento da estratégia do uso do dicionário para aquisição do conhecimento lexical a partir do blog e do material impresso no processo de construção da competência leitora. Participaram professores de Português de escolas públicas de Santa Catarina. Buscamos identificar em qual dos meios o tempo de quebra do fluxo de leitura - devido às pausas para consulta ao dicionário - seria menor, e se essa consulta contribuiria para a compreensão leitora dos participantes, expressa por meio de uma síntese. Os resultados revelaram uma tênue diferença de compreensão leitora entre uma mídia e outra. Isso parece indicar que não é, fundamentalmente, a mídia o fator determinante para diferenças na compreensão nem para o uso de estratégias, ainda que o suporte virtual apresente algumas singularidades que, a princípio, causem estranheza ao leitor mais adaptado ao material impresso. O fator mais relevante foi a capacidade, demonstrada pelo leitor, de selecionar a estratégiamais adequada e de decidir utilizá-la ou não.
Ferramentas tecnológicas para o desenvolvimento da atenção e da percepção da progressão temática no texto
Authors: Cruz Gabriela Fontana Abs da , Rosa Gabrielle Perotto de Souza da , Neves Patricia De Andrade , Valente Patrícia Martins
Published: January 2017

A leitura e a compreensão textual, assim como a progressão temática e a atenção estão intimamente ligadas quando se trata de aprendizagem. A falta de foco atencional durante a realização da leitura gera dificuldades na compreensão do texto, que, consequentemente, comprometem o amadurecimento do aluno enquanto leitor, bem como seu desempenho escolar. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar a funcionalidade de três ferramentas tecnológicas, a saber, Hot Potatoes, Ardora e JClic, construindo atividades virtuais que auxiliem no desenvolvimento da atenção, durante a leitura, e da percepção da progressão temática do texto lido. Após a criação das atividades, observou-se que os três programas apresentam recursos que podem contribuir com o trabalho do professor. Porém, o software que foi mais acessível para a elaboração das tarefas foi o Ardora, além de ter uma apresentação visual mais favorável para atrair a atenção involuntária do estudante e motivá-lo a realizar o que é solicitado.
Repositorios institucionales digitales: Análisis comparativo entre Sedici (Argentina) y Kérwá (Costa Rica)
Authors: Sandí Delgado Juan Carlos , Cruz Alvarado Mainor Alberto
Published: January 2017

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo comparar dos repositorios institucionales digitales a nivel internacional para encontrar convergencias y divergencias con respecto al manejo y la operación de los datos, información y contenidos. Además, contribuye a ampliar el panorama y conocimiento con respecto a la importancia e impacto de los repositorios digitales en las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES). Los repositorios en estudio corresponden al Servicio de Difusión de la Creación Intelectual (SEDICI), repositorio institucional central de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP), Argentina y Kérwá, repositorio institucional principal de la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR), Costa Rica. Para responder al objetivo de investigación, se desarrolló un análisis metodológico cualitativo. La información se recolectó a través de la aplicación de un cuestionario a las personas responsables de la gestión administrativa de ambos repositorios y una exploración bibliográfica de documentos en formato electrónico, como artículos publicados en congresos, revistas internacionales, entre otros. El análisis se realizó acorde a los siguientes criterios y características: representación de recursos, interoperabilidad, normalización, visibilidad, preservación, entre otros. Se concluyó que los repositorios institucionales digitales se han convertido en una tendencia de innovación para las IES, ya que utilizan y promueven herramientas tecnológicas para producir cambios significativos con respecto al uso y manejo de la información. Asimismo, los repositorios digitales analizados convergen en aspectos como: software, metadatos, números normalizados, representación de recursos, accesibilidad, identificador, derechos de autor, depósito de contenidos, buscadores y preservación. Divergen en interoperabilidad, proceso de digitalización, depósito remoto, visibilidad, licenciamiento y divulgación.
Génesis y desarrollo de UCR Índex en la Universidad de Costa Rica
Authors: Córdoba González Saray , Murillo Goussen Guillermo , Polanco-Cortés Jorge
Published: January 2017

En el artículo se describe cómo ha funcionado UCR Índex y se demuestra que su aplicación provoca un aumento en la visibilidad y el prestigio de las revistas de la Universidad de Costa Rica, así como mayor cumplimiento de los indicadores a través de los años. Para ello, se describen los indicadores utilizados en UCR Índex y se compara el cumplimiento de los indicadores entre 2011 y 2015. UCR índex se diseñó para medir la calidad en las revistas y, a su vez, mejorar la asignación de fondos y bonificaciones para ejecutarlo de una forma objetiva y equitativa en la Universidad. Se definieron cinco indicadores de calidad según la revisión bibliográfica de la experiencia de otros índices y sistemas nacionales de evaluación de varios países. Estos indicadores se evalúan anualmente. Después de 4 años de aplicación, se evidencia la mejora en la cantidad de índices en los que participan las revistas, aumento de la periodicidad, mejor calificación Latindex de cada revista, entre otros. Se concluye que el UCR Índex ha sido efectivo para los propósitos en que fue creado.
Web social y alfabetización informacional: experiencia en la Universidad de Puerto Rico
Authors: Pagán Liz M. , Ortiz Laurie A.
Published: January 2017

En esta investigación se explora y describe la adopción de la web social para la alfabetización informacional por parte de las bibliotecas de la Universidad de Puerto Rico (UPR). Los objetivos de este estudio son: identificar las tecnologías de la web social utilizadas por los bibliotecarios para la alfabetización informacional; identificar y examinar la extensión en el uso de las tecnologías; evaluar las actitudes de los bibliotecarios hacia la aplicación de la web social; y la conexión que establecen con los estándares de la Association of College and Research Libraries (ACRL). El enfoque metodológico del estudio es cualitativo y se utiliza el cuestionario y la entrevista como técnicas para la recogida de datos. Los resultados muestran que el 82% de los participantes de este estudio utilizan la web social para la alfabetización informacional de los usuarios. Las tecnologías de mayor uso son: blogs, redes sociales, media sharing y mashup. El media sharing (Flickr, YouTube, Instagram, Pinterest), blog y redes sociales obtuvieron mayor frecuencia de uso por parte de los bibliotecarios. Los participantes presentaron una actitud de aceptación hacia la aplicación de la web social para la alfabetización informacional. En su mayoría, expresaron la conexión que establecen entre las normas de ACRL y el uso de la web social a través de la enseñanza. A partir de los resultados de este estudio, se presentan recomendaciones respecto a la aplicación actual de las herramientas de la web social para la alfabetización en información.
Tecnologías de información: Análisis de invenciones patentadas entre continentes para el periodo 1980 al 2010
Authors: Restrepo Betancur Luis Fernando , Montoya Grajales William David
Published: January 2017

El conocimiento, relacionado con el avance en el desarrollo tecnológico y expresado como el número de patentes registradas por parte de residentes y no residentes, es de vital interés por parte de investigadores, centros tecnológicos e instituciones gubernamentales. Con este, es posible establecer estrategias direccionadas al incremento de la gestión tecnológica y la invención con miras a minimizar las brechas existentes entre países en vía de desarrollo y aquellos altamente tecnificados. Esta investigación, plantea un análisis del número de patentes registradas por parte de los diferentes continentes: África, Asia, Europa, América (América Latina, el caribe y Norteamérica), Oceanía, para las décadas del 80, 90 y primera del 2000. Con base en la información divulgada por la Organización Mundial de la Propiedad Intelectual WIPO (sigla en inglés), en lo referente a tecnologías de información como la tecnología informática, la comunicación digital, las telecomunicaciones y los medios audiovisuales. Anotando que el análisis se efectuó para residentes y no residentes. Se utilizó análisis multivariado de la varianza MANOVA con contraste canónico de tipo ortogonal, mediante el modelo lineal general GLM, con transformación de datos basada en la familia BOX-COX. Se encontró diferencia altamente significativa entre el continente asiático, respecto a las demás zonas geográficas evaluadas, en el número de patentes registradas para las variables antes citadas (p<0.0001). La conclusión principal radica en que existe una gran brecha entre Asia, Norteamérica y Europa respecto a África, Oceanía y Latinoamérica, en el número de invenciones patentadas en esta área del conocimiento.
Medición de la calidad de vida mediante índices sintéticos en localidades del municipio de Acapulco, Guerrero, México
Authors: Juárez Romero Octaviano , Cañedo Villareal Roberto , Barragán Mendoza María Del Carmen
Published: January 2017

Objetivo: en este trabajo se contrastan diferentes índices sintéticos que buscan mejorar la aproximación a la medición de la percepción de la calidad de vida de las personas. Métodos: se levantó una muestra de 220 personas en dos comunidades suburbanas del municipio de Acapulco. Se realizó la reducción de variables con la técnica del Análisis de Componentes Principales; sobre ésta, se obtuvieron tres índices sintéticos (Suma, Global y DP2). Resultados: al comparar los resultados obtenidos con la percepción de la calidad de vida que los sujetos declararon, se puede concluir que el mejor acercamiento a dicha percepción lo hace el índice sintético DP2, al lograr el 39.1% de coincidencias directas  fundamentalmente en las categorías de buena y muy buena calidad de vida. Conclusiones: estos resultados muestran que el 80.9% de los encuestados consideran que su calidad de vida está entre buena y muy buena, mientras que sólo el 35% se ubica en estas categorías utilizando el índice económico. Este hecho permite corroborar que, al menos en este caso, las condiciones económicas no definen totalmente la percepción de la calidad de vida de las personas encuestadas.
Uso de un modelo log-lineal de Poisson para el estudio de los homicidios contra jóvenes inmigrantes nicaragüenses en Costa Rica
Authors: Bonilla Roger E.
Published: January 2017

Objetivo: Describir la tasa de homicidios de jóvenes inmigrantes nicaragüenses en Costa Rica. Métodos: Se utilizó un modelo de regresión log-lineal de Poisson a nivel cantonal para describir la tasa de homicidios contra jóvenes inmigrantes nicaragüenses en Costa Rica, dadas las covariantes (Agresti, 2002; Cameron y Trivedi, 1998; Neter, Wasserman, Kutner y Nachtsheim, 1996). Resultados: Las razones de incidencia para el porcentaje de hogares pobres, el porcentaje de adultos de 35 años y más, y el porcentaje de la población económicamente activa en el sector terciario son 1.04, 1.05 y 1.05 respectivamente. Conclusiones: La pobreza, la composición de la población y las actividades económicas del sector terciario de la economía son las variables que describen mejor la tasa de homicidios de los jóvenes nicaragüenses.
Aplicación de un modelo factorial confirmatorio para encontrar los factores latentes que determinan la calidad de vida percibida
Authors: Gogni Valeria , Muiños Roberto
Published: January 2017

Tanto a nivel teórico como práctico, no existe un consenso acerca de qué se entiende por Calidad de Vida dado que este concepto posee un carácter complejo y multidimensional. En algunos casos, la satisfacción de vida se equipara con la Calidad de Vida y se reﬁere a la evaluación subjetiva que realiza un individuo del grado en el cual sus necesidades, deseos y metas más importantes se encuentran realizadas. Se asume que la satisfacción de vida total de una persona consiste en una amplia suma de satisfacciones en áreas particulares de la vida que son valoradas o juzgadas importantes, considerando que es un estado ﬂuctuante y no un rasgo constante [6]. Campbell [4] plantea que la satisfacción de una persona en un área particular se integra con diversas componentes que cubren los distintos aspectos de la vida de una persona y que son evaluados subjetivamente por los individuos tanto en lo referido a la importancia en su contexto vital, como en relación a su felicidad o bienestar en dichos aspectos. En este trabajo, se evalúa la validez de este modelo teórico en la población de la ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina, mediante el ajuste de un modelo de Análisis Factorial Conﬁrmatorio de segundo orden, aplicado a los ítems de una prueba que mide la calidad de vida percibida por los sujetos. El modelo se aplicó sobre una muestra de 1336 individuos de entre 18 y 65 años y los resultados del Análisis Factorial Conﬁrmatorio muestran que la calidad de vida percibida por los sujetos está en estrecha relación con su nivel de satisfacción con una serie dimensiones o factores latentes: Ambiente o hábitat del sujeto, su Necesidad de trascendencia,las Redes sociales que lo contienen, y su Crecimiento Personal.
Análisis de un modelo planta-herbívoro aplicado a la interacción gramínea-bovino
Authors: Romero L. Jhoana P. , Ibargüen Eduardo , Pulgarín Alejandro , Cordero Deyber , Castaño Ingrid P.
Published: January 2017

En este trabajo se describe una dinámica de interacción interespecíﬁca gramínea-bovino a través de un modelo presa-predador con una respuesta funcional Holling tipo II. El análisis cualitativo revela la existencia de una bifurcación de Hopf super crítica con parámetro de bifurcación decreciente que se correlaciona con tres equilibrios: uno inestable donde no existen especies, otro con solo gramínea y uno donde coexisten ambas especies. Estos resultados, validados con datos estadísticos de investigaciones realizadas en la región Caribe y valles interandinos de Colombia, muestran la relevancia de un consumo de gramínea sostenible por parte de los bovinos.
Photoluminescence of GaN Grown by Molecular Beam Epitaxy on Freestanding GaN Template
Authors: Reshchikov M. A. , Yun F. , Huang D. , He L. , Morkoç H. , Park S. S. , Lee K. Y.
Published: January 2017

We studied photoluminescence (PL) of GaN layers grown by molecular beam epitaxy on freestanding high-quality GaN templates. The layers with thickness of ∼ 1 νm were grown under Ga-rich conditions using radio-frequency plasma as a nitrogen source. The PL spectra from both the epilayer and the substrate contain a plethora of very sharp peaks related to excitonic transitions. Through the analysis of the excitonic part of the spectra, we have identified two shallow donors with the binding energies of 28.8 and 32.6 meV, attributed to SiGa and ON, respectively. The PL spectra involved also emissions due to shallow donor-acceptor pair transitions with the main peak at 3.26 eV and a broad band peaking at ∼2.5 - 2.6 eV (green band). The green bands in the GaN substrate and GaN overgrown layer have different energy positions invoking the suggestion that they must have their genesis in different defect centers.
Relaxed InAsP layers grown on step graded InAsP buffers by solid source MBE
Authors: Hudait M. K. , Lin Y. , Andre C. L. , Sinha P. M. , Tivarus C. A. , Pelz J. P. , Wilt D. M. , Ringel S. A.
Published: January 2017

Si-doped InAsxP1-x layers with As mole fractions ranging from 0.05 to 0.50 were grown on InAsxP1-x step-graded buffer layers on InP substrates by solid source molecular beam epitaxy. The growth parameters consisted of a P:In flux ratio of 7:1, a growth temperature of ∼ 485°C, a growth rate of 2.2 Å/s, and an As:In flux ratio of 0.37-2.36 for varying As mole fractions. The As mole fraction and the layer relaxation were determined using triple axis x-ray diffraction measurements. Near complete relaxation (>93%) was achieved for all Si-doped InAsxP1-x epilayers. The structural morphology indicated that the InAsxP1-x graded buffer layers were effective in relieving the lattice mismatch strain as evidenced by a well-developed crosshatch morphology and low rms surface roughness. The electron concentration, mobility, and Si donor activation energy for each InAsxP1-x composition were determined using temperature dependent Hall measurements. At a constant electron carrier concentration of %3.5×1016 cm-3, the 300 K carrier mobility increased from 2700 to 4732 cm2/V-sec with increasing As mole fraction from 0.05 to 0.50.
Optical Properties of Planar Chiral Meta-Materials
Authors: Potts A. , Papakostas A. , Zheludev N.I. , Coles H.J. , Greef R. , Bagnall D.M.
Published: January 2017

The polarization state of visible light is found to be altered upon reflection from artificial two-dimensional chiral media. Arrays of metallic planar chiral structures were fabricated by electron beam lithography and ion beam milling. The characteristic dimensions on the chiral elements correspond to wavelengths in the near-IR. Our chiral media are found to induce strong polarization effects, with the handedness of individual elements having a direct effect on the sense and magnitude of rotation of the diffracted light.
Growth of epitaxial ZnO films on Si(111)
Authors: Jin Chunming , Tiwari Ashutosh , Kvit A. , Narayan J.
Published: January 2017

Epitaxial ZnO films have been grown on Si(111) substrates by employing a AlN buffer layer during a pulsed laser-deposition process. The epitaxial structure of AlN on Si(111) substrate provides a template for ZnO growth. The resultant films are evaluated by transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and electrical measurements. The results of x-ray diffraction and electron microscopy on these films clearly show the epitaxial growth of ZnO films with an orientational relationship of ZnO[0001]||Aln[0001]||Si[111] along the growth direction and ZnO[2 11 0]||AlN[2 11 0]||Si[0 11] along the in-plane direction. High electrical conductivity (103 S/m at 300 K) and a linear I-V characteristics make these epitaxial films ideal for microelectronic, optoelectronic, and transparent conducting oxide applications.
Mechanical Interaction in Near-Field Spectroscopy of single Semiconductor Quantum Dots.
Authors: Mintairov A. M. , Blagnov P. A. , Kovalenkov O. V. , Li C. , Merz J. L. , Oktyabrsky S. , Tokranov V. , Vlasov A. S. , Vinokurov D. A.
Published: January 2017

We have studied high-energy shifts of single quantum dot (QD) emission lines induced by contact pressure exerted by a near-field optical fiber tip. “Pressure” coefficients of 0.65-3 meV/nm have been measured for self-organized InAs/GaAs, InAs/AlAs and InP/GaInP QDs in agreement with numerical calculations of the local strain field. We found an increase of the tipinduced pressure with increasing aperture diameter from 50-300 nm. A correlation between the shift rate and QD stiffness was obtained. We also observed an order of magnitude increase of single QD emission intensity with increased pressure.
On the Origin of Light Emission in GaNxP1-x
Authors: Buyanova I. A. , Rudko G. Yu. , Chen W. M. , Xin H. P. , Tu C. W.
Published: January 2017

Temperature dependent photoluminescence (PL) and absorption measurements are employed to clarify mechanism for light emission in GaNP alloys with low (< 4.1) nitrogen content. The PL emission in GaNP epilayers and GaNP/GaP multiple quantum well structures is shown to be dominated by optical transitions within deep states likely related to N clusters. With increasing N composition these states are shown to become resonant with conduction band of the alloy and thus optically inactive, leading to the apparent red shift of the PL maximum position. On the other hand, band-to-band recombination in the alloy remains predominantly non-radiative presumably due to the presence of a large number of competing recombination channels.