bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Physiological constraints dictate toxin spatial heterogeneity in snake venom glands
Authors: Kazandjian Taline , Hamilton Brett , Robinson Samuel , Hall Steven , Bartlett Keirah , Rowley Paul , Wilkinson Mark , Casewell Nicholas , Undheim Eivind
Published: January 2024

Venoms are ecological innovations that have evolved numerous times, on
each occasion accompanied by the co-evolution of specialised
morphological and behavioural characters for venom production and
delivery. The close evolutionary interdependence between these
characters is exemplified by animals that control the composition of
their secreted venom—an ability that in part depends on the production
of different toxins in different locations of the venom gland. This
spatial heterogeneity was recently documented in venomous snakes,
raising the question of whether snakes can control the composition of
secreted venom, which has implications for our understanding of human
snakebites. Here, we examine the potential adaptive role of toxin
spatial heterogeneity in snakes. We show that the main defensive and
predatory peptide toxins are produced in distinct regions of the venom
glands of the black-necked spitting cobra (Naja nigricollis), but that
these distributions likely reflect developmental effects. Indeed, we
detected no significant differences in venom collected via defensive
‘spitting’ or predatory ‘biting’ events from the same specimens
representing multiple lineages of spitting cobra. We also found the same
spatial distribution of toxins in a non-spitting cobra, and show that
heterogeneous toxin distribution is a feature shared with a viper with
primarily predatory venom. These findings suggest that heterogeneous
distributions of toxins is not an adaptation to controlling venom
composition in snakes. Instead, it likely reflects physiological
constraints on toxin production by the venom glands, opening avenues for
future research on mechanisms of functional differentiation of
populations of protein-secreting cells within adaptive contexts.
A chromosome-level genome assembly and intestinal transcriptome of Trypoxylus dichotomus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) to understand its lignocellulose digestion ability
Authors: Wang Qingyun , Liu Liwei , Zhang Sujiong , Wu Hong , Huang Junhao
Published: January 2024

Lignocellulose, as the key structural component of plant biomass, is of
recalcitrant structure and is difficult to degrade. Meanwhile, the
improper handling of plant residues is accelerating the process of
global warming. Interestingly, we noticed that the xylophagous beetle,
Trypoxylus dichotomus has a significant ability to decompose
lignocellulosic biomass. However, no study has been conducted to
elucidate the digestion mechanism from a genome-wide aspect for this
beetle. Based on sequencing and assembling, the draft genome size of
T. dichotomus is 636.27 Mb, with 95.37% scaffolds anchored onto
10 chromosomes. The phylogenetic results indicated that T.
dichotomus and its closely related scarabaeid species Onthophagus
taurus split from each other in the early Cretaceous. Furthermore, two
digestive gene families (Trypsin and Enoyl-(Acyl carrier protein)
reductase) have experienced significant expansion, accounting for the
high degradation efficiency of lignocellulose. Additionally, the
collinearity analysis revealed that chromosome breakages and
rearrangements occur in the evolution of T. dichotomus due to
chromosomes 6 and 8 of T. dichotomus being intersected with
chromosomes 2 and 10 of Tribolium castaneum respectively. As
suggested by the larval intestinal transcriptome comparative analyses,
the digestive ability of midgut is much stronger than that of hindgut,
even though susceptible to different food habits. This study reported
the well-assembled and annotated genome of this rhinoceros beetle,
providing genomic and transcriptomic bases for further understanding the
functional mechanism and evolutionary history of lignocellulolytic
digestion of the beetle.
Influence of Colonies' Morphological Cues on Cellular Uptake Capacity of Amino Modified Nanoparticles
Authors: Huang Siyuan , Yang Yingjun , Hou Xiaoqiang , Chen Jingyi , Nie Guanjian , Xu Bingshe , Ding Shukai
Published: January 2024

Micropatterning techniques were widely applied to manipulate morphology
of colony and to reveal the critical role of spatial factors in
biomolecular induced tumorigenesis and gastrulation. However, the
results were deduced without consideration of morphological cues’ effect
on bioactive substances treatment. Therefore, the influence of colony’s
morphology on cellular uptake capacity of insoluble bioactive substance
should be another essential factor in biomolecular induced cellular
behaviors’ variation. In this study, PDMS stencils were applied to
control colonies’ size, and relationship between cellular uptake
capacity and morphological cues of colonies was analyzed. Consequently,
concentrated cells with high cell seeding density or located at the
peripheral region of micropatterned colonies have higher cellular uptake
capacity. The improved cellular uptake capacity at the peripheral region
was mainly caused by the uneven distribution of nanoparticles. In
addition, the high cell density promoted cellular uptake was benefited
from the cortical actin accelerated clathrin-mediated endocytosis in
circular-shaped cells.
Application of narrative medicine in adult Rasmussen’s encephalitis patients: learning from the storytelling
Authors: Gammone Mariarosaria , Iacono Sabrina , Gomez Jesus Vela , Rousseau Elena , Ferrari Giulio , Moreschi Clara , Pastori Chiara , Lusignani Maura , Simonetti Giorgia
Published: January 2024

Rationale, aims and objectives: Rasmussen’s encephalitis (RE) is a
sporadic and progressive neurological disorder which affects mostly
children or young adults. Despite RE is considered a typically childhood
disease, it can also affect adulthood. RE patients quality of life (QoL)
is bound to worsen because of frequent seizures and due to neurological
deficits that cause progressive deterioration but the evaluation of QoL
seems to be underestimated in literature. The study aims to explore QoL
such as the health conditions of RE young/adult patients that underwent
treatment at Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta
throughout narrative medicine. This would provide an opportunity for
healthcare providers to identify the main difficulties and to manage and
improve nursing care planning. Method: Audio-recorded, semi-structured
interview was performed. During the interview, patients were able to
describe their experience throughout the illness narratives. The
verbatim transcribed interviews were analyzed according to principles of
narrative medicine. Results: We analyzed 13 patients. Overall 11
patients were excluded and two were enrolled in the study. We performed
thematic analysis and content analysis of the interviews. It emerged how
there are circumstances/factors that influence patients’ lives, such as
physical factors, psychological factors, environmental factors,
socio-cultural factors and political and economic factors. Conclusion:
Narratives of RE patients, allowed us to explore aspects of their lives
that are not usually taken into consideration in the daily clinical
practice: the need for support, the absence of a social support such as
network and the need and the desire to feel and remain active and
involved in work and social environment. Adult-onset ER is a very rare
disease that significantly interferes with QoL both of patients and
caregivers. The attempt to identify all the possible strategies that can
facilitate the patient’s adaptation on work and social environment is
worth every effort.
Isolation of Nocardia phage and feasibility study on controlling sludge foaming
Authors: Xiong Wenbin , Lu Han , Liu Bingxin , Liu Xinchun
Published: January 2024

In this study, two phages, P69 and KYD2, were isolated from a water
sample of the fishing ground. The host of P69 was
Nocardia transvalensis, whereas the host of KYD2 was Nocardia carnea.
Physiological characteristics and bioinformatics analysis of the
isolated phages were performed. The SBR tank was simulated in the
laboratory and N. carnea was added for aeration foaming. The feasibility
of using phages to control sludge foaming was assessed by measuring
turbidity and other water quality indices before and after adding phages
and monitoring the changes in the number of hosts and phages in the
device by qPCR and other technologies. Using multiple water quality
indicators, qPCR, ecological community and other data to prove that P69
has a certain ability to control the sludge foaming event caused by the
over-proliferation of N. carnea in the environment. It provides a novel
and relatively economical solution for controlling sludge foaming in
sewage treatment plants in the future.
Blow-up and global existence of solutions to degenerate Kirchhoff equation with variable source
Authors: Zhang Jingjing , Liu Miaomiao , Guo Bin
Published: January 2024

Abstract: In this paper, we mainly study the existence and non-existence
of global solutions to degenerate Kirchhoff problem. More precisely, we
find two invariant sets in which the behaviors of solutions are
different for lower energy case. For high energy case, we applied
ω-limit to prove that the problem admits a blow-up solution. At last, we
give asymptotic estimates when the source term is by the differential
term.
A new prediction-correction primal-dual hybrid gradient algorithm for solving convex minimization problems with linear constraints
Authors: Alipoor Fahimeh , Eslahchi Mohammad Reza , Hajarian Masoud
Published: January 2024

The primal-dual hybrid gradient (PDHG) algorithm has been applied for
solving linearly constrained convex problems. However, it ‎was ‎shown
‎that ‎without ‎some additional ‎assumptions, convergence may fail. ‎In
‎this ‎work, ‎we propose a new competitive prediction-correction
primal-dual hybrid gradient algorithm to solve this kind of problem.
Under some conditions, we prove the global convergence for the proposed
algorithm with the rate of ‎$‎O(1/N)‎$ ‎in a nonergodic sense‎.‎
Comparative performance analysis of our proposed approach with other
related methods on some matrix completion and wavelet-based image
inpainting test problems shows the outperformance of our approach, in
terms of iteration number and CPU time.
Dual-phase-lag model with memory-dependent derivative on a problem of a rotating nonlocal thermoelastic medium
Authors: said samia
Published: January 2024

In this paper, a new model based on Eringen’s nonlocal thermoelasticity
is constructed to study wave propagation in a rotating two-temperature
thermoelastic medium. Using suitable non-dimensional variables, the
harmonic wave analysis is used to solve the problem. Comparisons are
made with the results of three different theories predicted in the
absence and presence of the gravity field, a nonlocal parameter as well
as rotation. The present study is valuable for the analysis of
thermoelastic problems involving gravity field, nonlocality, mechanical
force, and elastic deformations.
Medication-related disputes in Beijing China from 2013 to 2019
Authors: Yang Shuo , Lin Ping , Zhang Wei , Zhen Jiancun , Liu Fang , Chen Wei , Cui Qian , Liu Shihui
Published: January 2024

Objectives Through searching and summarizing the medication-related
disputes and claims in Beijing, we found the factors that were most
likely to cause disputes during the medication process. These provided a
basis for further exploration of medication-related dispute prevention
and control measures. Methods We took all medication-related dispute
archives from the Beijing People’s Mediation Committee of Medical
Disputes（BPMCMD）database from January 2013 to December 2019 as the
research object, and used pre-designed forms for data extraction and
entry. Results Medication-related disputes accounted for 2.43% of the
total number of disputes, of which 158 disputes got the payment from
hospitals. There were obviously more disputes between women than men.
The most disputes occurred in outpatient clinics, followed by
hospitalization and emergency treatment. Disputes were most likely to
occur in pharmacy, respiratory medicine, pediatrics, neurology and
orthopedics. Antibacterial drugs were the most common drugs that caused
disputes, followed by herbal medicines or Chinese patent drugs,
antineoplastic drugs, analgesic drugs, psycholeptics drugs and
antithrombotic agents. Medication errors mainly concentrated in
inappropriate drugs (within guidelines, but otherwise contraindicated);
wrong drugs or strength dispensed; drug dose too high and no indications
for drug. The main cause of disputes was adverse drug events. The total
compensation for seven years was 15.19 million yuan. Conclusions We
comprehensively displayed the dispute data from the patient, the doctor,
the drug, and the compensation, etc. The research would help Beijing and
other regions formulate the strategies to reduce medication errors,
improve patient safety, and reduce medication-related dispute
Numerical solution for Benjamin-Bona-Mahony-Burgers equation with Strang time-splitting technique
Authors: karta melike
Published: January 2024

In the present manuscript, the Benjamin-Bona-Mahony-Burgers (BBMB)
equation will be handled numerically by Strang time-splitting technique
based on quintic B-spline collocation method. In line with our purpose,
after dividing the BBM-Burgers equation given with appropriate initial
boundary conditions into two sub-equations containing the derivative in
terms of time, the quintic B-spline based collocation finite element
method (FEM) for spatial discretization and the suitable finite
difference approaches for time discretization is applied to each
sub-equation and hereby two different systems of algebraic equations are
obtained. Four test problems are submited to test the efficiency and
reliability of the presented method. The error norms $L_2$ and
$L_\infty$ with invariants $I_1$,$I_2$ and
$I_3$ are computed. To do a comparison with the other studies in the
literature, the newly found approximate solutions are exhibited in both
tabular and graphical formats. Also, stability analysis of numerical
approach by the von Neumann method is researched.
Multi-action of eosin Y sensitized Co3O4@CoP p-n hetrojunction on improved hydrogen evolution
Authors: Li Yanbing , Jin Zhiliang , Tsubaki Noritatsu
Published: January 2024

ZIF-67-derived CoP as a single photocatalyst exhibited extremely
excellent H2 evolution performance in Eosin Y sensitization system.
Specifically, both Co3O4 and CoP polyhedron can be derived by ZIF-67 as
a precursor in different atmosphere. Interestingly, ZIF-67-derived Co3O4
is a typical p-type semiconductor but CoP is an n-type semiconductor.
Therefore, one-step construction of Co3O4@CoP p-n heterojunction was
successfully implemented firstly in this work, that is, ZIF-67
polyhedron was transformed into Co3O4@CoP polyhedron that Co3O4
co-arranged with CoP species. More importantly, the ZIF-67-derived
Co3O4@CoP p-n heterojunction photocatalyst exhibits more excellent
photoctalytic water splitting properties than ZIF-67-derived CoP and
Co3O4 as well as previous-best catalysts under identical conditions
because of multi-action mechanism synergy. Additionally, the action
mechanism about metal phosphides in H2 evolution reaction is revealed
more thoroughly by the assistance of DFT and Zeta potential analysis
Evaluation of roll dry granulation process on the high-viscosity melt solidification and heat recovery
Authors: Liu Hu , Yu Pengfei , Xue Jingwen , Zhang Yankang , Che Defu
Published: January 2024

High-viscosity melt has great potential for energy saving. A
mathematical model was proposed on the heat transfer between the
rotating roll and melt in a roll dry granulation system, and the
relationship between the rotation angle and time was utilized to
simplify the three-dimensional dynamic process to a one-dimensional
static problem. Then, the influences of the roll material, dimension,
rotational speed and the melt shedding angle on the system performance
were investigated. Simulation results indicated that increasing the
thermal conductivity or decreasing the wall thickness result in a higher
cooling rate, but a more nonuniform heat flux distribution.
Heat-resistant steel is a better choice than copper alloy. The optimum
wall thickness is about 19 mm herein, and the rotational speed should be
kept below 17 rpm. The overall exergy efficiency can be increased from
37% to 59%, when the melt shedding angle is changed from 120° to
28.8°.
Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, and Barriers toward Evidence-Based Practice as Predictors of Stay Intent among Jordanian Registered Nurses
Authors: Al-Ghabeesh Suhair , Khalifeh Anas , Rayan Ahmed
Published: January 2024

Purpose: the purpose of this study was to assess the role of knowledge,
attitude, practice, and barriers of evidence-based practice in stay
intent among Jordanian Nurses. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional
design was used. A sample of 310 nurses from five hospitals completed
the study. Participants completed data about stay intent and knowledge,
attitude, practice, and barriers of evidence-based practice. Data was
analyzed using SPSS program version 24. Results: The regression analysis
revealed that EBP attitudes, practices, knowledge, and barriers
significantly predict stay intent, controlling for participants and
workplace characteristics. Conclusion: Registered nurses’ intention to
stay in the nursing profession could be influenced by the research
utilization in nursing practice.
Left Ventricular Global Index and Myocardial Contraction Fraction on 2D Echocardiography as integral parameters in patients with Coronary Artery Disease.
Authors: Marchenko Oksana , Kavalerchyk Vladyslav , Alghalban Mostafa , Vnukov O. , Rudenko Nadiya
Published: January 2024

Purpose: To evaluate the prognostic value of left ventricular
global index and myocardial contraction fraction based on 2D
echocardiography results in patients with coronary artery disease.
Materials and methods: Patients with coronary artery disease,
confirmed by coronary angiography and ventriculography, were included in
the prospective clinical study. 30 patients without coronary artery
disease were a control group, 35 patients had monovascular lesions or
non-stenosing atherosclerosis, 66 had multivessel coronary artery
disease. Left ventricular global index and myocardial contraction
fraction were calculated using 2D echocardiography technique.
Results: The groups were comparable in age, body mass index and
comorbidities. The mean age of patients in group I was 60.53±1.77 years.
In group II, the average age was the highest – 64.31±1.62 years, and in
group III the participants were 63.0±1.14 years old. The data indicate
the absence of a significant difference (p = 0.39) in the age structure
of patients. The control group was dominated by women (70%), compared
to groups II and III, where the proportion of women was 31.2% and
21.2%, respectively (p = 0.0001). The highest body mass index,
classified as obesity class 1, was observed in the first group – 31.74
± 1.09 kg/m . Group III had body mass index of 30.71
± 0.62 kg/m , which also indicates obesity class 1.
Group II had the lowest body mass index – 29.76 ± 0.77 kg/m
, but the difference between the groups was
insignificant (p = 0.432). Left Ventricular Global Index and Myocardial
Contraction Fraction differed significantly among groups (р=0.003 and
р=0.004 respectively). Myocardial Contraction Fraction was the highest
in patients with multivessel disease – 35.0 (27.71; 42.0) %, and the
lowest in the group with no vascular lesions – 42.29 (36.35; 52.21) %.
Left Ventricular Global Index also was different among the groups. It
was the lowest in group III – 24.91(19.22; 30.48) %, and the highest
in group I – 30.85 (25.46; 37.13) %. Conclusions: myocardial
contraction fraction and left ventricular global index are closely
related to the degree of coronary artery involvement.
Magnetic surfaces in Heisenberg three-group
Authors: DERKAOUI KHADIDJA , Fouzi Hathout
Published: January 2024

In this paper, We present the contact geometry three dimensional
Heisenberg group H. We introduce the notion of the
geodesic and magnetic surfaces in n-dimensional manifold. Next, as
application, we determine H the parametric equations of
such surfaces and we close the study with examples.
An Effective and Efficient Method to Solve the High-Order and the Non-Linear Ordinary Differential Equations: the Ratio Net
Authors: Qin Chen-Xin , Liu Ru-Hao , Li Mao-Cai , Li Sheng-Yuan , Liu Yi , Zhou Chi-Chun
Published: January 2024

An effective and efficient method that solves the high-order and the
nonlinear ordinary differential equations is provided. The method is
based on the ratio net. By comparing the method with existing methods
such as the polynomial based method and the multilayer perceptron
network based method, we show that the ratio net gives good results and
has higher efficiency.
Interpolated Solutions of Abel Integral Equations Using Barycentric ‎Lagrange Double Interpolation
Authors: Shoukralla Emil , Magdy Basma
Published: January 2024

We provide Interpolant solutions to the Apple integral equations that
emerge in climate, ‎‎atmosphere, heat transfer, superfluid,
astrophysics, solid mechanics, scattering theory, ‎‎spectroscopy,
stereology, elasticity theory, and plasma physics, and other fields. We
‎developed ‎adequate formulas for the optimal distribution of kernel
nodes to address the ‎kernel’s ‎singularity, ensuring that the kernel
does not reach infinity when one of the two ‎variables ‎approaches the
other. Four matrices represent the data function, whereas five ‎matrices
‎represent the kernel. We achieved two formulas for the matrix-vector
single ‎interpolated ‎solution, the first based on interpolated the data
function while the second based ‎on ‎interpolated the kernel only. The
matrix-vector single interpolated solution has two ‎formulas: ‎the first
is based on interpolating the data function and the kernel, while the
second ‎is based ‎on interpolating only the kernel. The first formula
simply involves the calculation of ‎two ‎matrices: the elements of the
first matrix are correspond to the functional values of the ‎data
‎function, and the elements of the second matrix correspond to the
functional values of ‎the ‎kernel at the two sets of nodes that are
associated with the kernel’s variables. When ‎compared ‎to the solutions
provided by other approaches, the lower-degree interpolated ‎solutions
to three ‎cases were found to be convergent to the exact solutions with
a minimum ‎CPU time and high ‎accuracy, demonstrating the novelty and
simplicity of the proposed ‎method as well as the ‎accuracy of the
results.‎
Nonlinear dynamics in a discrete-time predator-prey system
Authors: Liu Yun , Juan Liu Xi
Published: January 2024

In this paper, the nonlinear dynamics of a two-dimensional discrete-time
system of Leslie type with simplified Holling type IV functional
response are reported. Possible codimension-two bifurcations (1:2, 1:3
and 1:4 strong resonances) are investigated under variation of two
parameters for certain critical values at the positive fixed point. For
each bifurcation, normal form coefficients along with its scenario are
investigated thoroughly. Besides, using numerical simulations, in
addition to confirming the results of our analyses, more behaviors are
extracted from the model, such as fractal structure, mode-locking
structure, etc. Our results generate and improve some known results and
show that the discrete model has richer dynamics than the continuous
one.
Facile build-up of acid-resistance layer using organosilica BTESE for LTA zeolite membrane
Authors: Wang Lei , Raza Waseem , Yang Jianhua , Lu Jinming , zhang yan , He Gaohong
Published: January 2024

Low acid resistance of LTA zeolite membranes has restricted their wider
application in dehydration of organics. Herein, an effective and facile
route was proposed to enhance the acid stability of LTA zeolite
membrane. Organosilica BTESE layer was deposited on the surface of the
defective LTA zeolite membrane aiming at combining the high
hydrophilicity of LTA zeolite membrane with good acid resistance and
selectivity of BTESE. FT-IR, SEM, XRD and EDX showed that BTESE layer
was coated on the surfaces of LTA membrane. The effects of coating
circle and concentration of BTESE sol on the separation performance were
investigated in detail. The obtained BTESE/LTA composite membrane
maintained stable and high separation performance within 240 min for the
separation of 90 wt% ethanol/water mixture at pH=3, indicating the
BTESE/LTA membrane would be potential candidate for dehydration of
organics in acidic condition.
Technical tips for Reducing the Risk of Atrioventricular Disruption Following Mitral Valve Replacement
Authors: Marzban Mehrab , Benharash Peyman
Published: January 2024

This report describes the effective measures in order to prevent the
devastating complication of AV groove disruption following mitral valve
replacement. Ethics committee approval, consent statement and clinical
trial registration are not applicable for our study.
Evolution of midface microvascular reconstruction: A three decade experience from a single institution
Authors: Uglesic Vedran , Amin Kavit , Blivajs Igor , Kosutic Damir
Published: January 2024

Objectives: Midface reconstruction poses a complex set of challenges for
reconstructive surgeons. The optimal midface reconstruction must possess
a durable underlying bone construct capable of integrating dental
implants. Facial contour is restored by the overlying microvascular soft
tissue reconstruction with reestablishment of the oral cavity. A
plethora of microvascular flaps used in clinical practice have been
described including those harvested from the iliac crest, scapula,
fibula, forearm and back (latissimus dorsi). The objective was to share
our experiences with each of these treatment options that have continued
to evolve over time for the benefit of patients. Design: Our institution
has over three decades of experience in reconstructing complex midface
defects and this article summarizes midface reconstruction from an
evolutionary perspective (for type II, III and IV defect; Browns
classification, Supplementary table 1). We broadly divide this into (i)
flaps supplied by the subscapular system (ii) autologous reconstruction
with titanium mesh and (iii) fibula microvascular flaps using 3D
planning. The advantages and disadvantages for each approach are
discussed (Supplementary Table 2). Conclusion: In the future, it is
expected that 3D planning coupled with rapid prototyping, intraoperative
navigation and CT imaging will become standard procedural practice. Our
institution has over three decades of experience in reconstructing
complex midface defects and this article summarizes midface
reconstruction from an evolutionary perspective (for type II, III and IV
defect; Browns classification, Supplementary table 1). We broadly divide
this into (i) flaps supplied by the subscapular system (ii) autologous
reconstruction with titanium mesh and (iii) fibula microvascular flaps
using 3D planning. The advantages and disadvantages for each approach
are discussed (Supplementary Table 2). In the future, it is expected
that 3D planning coupled with rapid prototyping, intraoperative
navigation and CT imaging will become standard procedural practice.
An Otolaryngologist's Guide to Understand the H-Index and How it Could Affect Your Future Career
Authors: Moffatt David , Shah Puja , Wright Alex , Zon Kenneth , Pine Harold S.
Published: January 2024

Objectives: The h-index is a measure of research output and contribution
that shows strong correlation with academic promotion in medicine. The
purpose of this paper is to clearly explain how h-index scores are
calculated and how otolaryngologists can effectively and advantageously
use these scores for their career development. Design: We performed an
up-to-date PubMed literature review describing the design of h-index and
how to use it effectively along with its role in academic medicine
including otolaryngology. Results: H-index scores are used as a metric
for scientific output which considers the number of publications and the
number of times each paper was cited. Search engines can automatically
calculate h-index scores for one’s work. Studies also revealed
significant positive impacts h-index has from fellowship involvement
which later translates to career advancement in academic medicine.
Aspiring academic otolaryngologists should create a research profile to
link and calculate h-index for publications, submit to well-read high
impact journals for increased viewership and citations, and expand on
foundational and personal research topics. Conclusions: Future studies
should evaluate faculty and resident awareness of h-indices in the
otolaryngology department to see how we can further address any
underlying barriers. Otolaryngologists with the knowledge and tools
necessary to maximize h-index scores and to produce high quality
research in modern day medicine not only provides advantages in career
development, but also brings significant contribution to the field of
otolaryngology.
Machine learning aided experimental approach for evaluating the growth kinetics of Candida antarctica for lipase production
Authors: Sarmah Nipon , Mehtab Vazida , Bugata Pratyusha , Tardio James , Bhargava Suresh , Parthasarathy Rajarathinam , Chenna Sumana
Published: January 2024

Lipase derived from Candida antractica is the most widely used enzyme
for catalyzing various reactions. This paper reports the growth and
enzyme kinetics of Candida antarctica MTCC-2706 for lipase production,
which is one of the fundamental steps in bioprocess design,
optimization, and scale-up studies. A hybrid machine learning (ML) aided
experimental approach is proposed here to evaluate growth kinetics in
which, different ML models were built to predict the growth curves at
various substrate concentrations using a substantially smaller set of
experimental samples. Comparative assessment of model performances
revealed the superiority of gradient boosting regression (GBR) in
predicting the growth curves. GBR-based growth kinetics was found to be
fitted well with Monod’s model. Further, the activity and enzyme
kinetics of lipase produced was investigated by considering the
hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl butyrate. The maximum lipase activity
resulted was 24.07 U at 44 hrs. The deviation and R2 values of Monod’s
and Michaelis-Menten’s models were 1.4% and 2.25%, and 0.96 and 0.99,
respectively. The proposed ML-based approach is found to be efficient in
predicting the growth kinetics with reduced experimental effort, time
and resources (~50%) as compared to conventional method
and its application can be extended to any other microbial processes.
First report of a novel duck astrovirus causing gout disease in ducklings
Authors: Sun Minhua , Zhang Junqin , Huang Yunzhen , Li Linlin , Dong Jiawen , Kuang Ruihuan , Liao Ming
Published: January 2024

Four divergent groups of duck astroviruses (DAstVs) have been identified
that infect domestic ducks. In March 2021, a fatal disease characterized
by visceral urate deposition broke out in 5-day-old Beijing ducks on a
commercial farm in Guangdong province, China. The pathogen was confirmed
to be a duck astrovirus. The complete genome sequence of this DAstV was
obtained by virome sequencing and amplification. Phylogenetic analyses
and pairwise comparisons demonstrated that this DAstV represented a
novel group of avastrovirus. Thus, we designated this duck astrovirus as
DAstV-5 JM strain. DAstV-5 JM shared genome sequence identities of
15–45% with other avastroviruses. Amino acid identities with proteins
from other avastroviruses did not exceed 59% for ORF1a, 79% for ORF1b,
and 60% for ORF2. The capsid region of JM shared genetic distances of
0.596 to 0.695 with the three official avastrovirus species. In summary,
we determined that the DAstV-5 JM strain, causing gout in ducklings, is
a novel species of avastrovirus.
Study on The Mechanism of Lung and Intestinal Injury in Piglets Infected With PRV
Authors: Shu Xianghua , Song Chunlian , Pan Qiong , Zhang Xue , Zhang Ying , Wang Yulei , Huang Xin , Zhang Zhihui , Zhang Yalun , Shu Yue
Published: January 2024

In order to explore the relationship between lung and intestinal injury
and microorganisms in piglets caused by PRV infection.36 piglets were
randomly divided into the blank group and the exposed group (or PRV
group). PBS and PRV 1mL/Piggy were given by nasal drip at 0d, and the
clinical symptoms were recorded every day. Three piglets in each group
were sacrificed at 0d, 12h, 24h, 3d, 10d and 14d, respectively. The
lungs, colon and contents were collected to observe the pathological
sections and assess damage. The antigenic localization and expression of
PRV, TLR4, NF-κB and MYD88 were detected by immunohistochemistry, the
contents of sIgA, IFN-γ and IL-2 were determined by ELISA, and the
microorganisms in lung and colon were analyzed by 16SrDNA. Accordingly,
the correlation between lung and intestinal damage was highly
significant (P<0.01). The expression of PRV in lung and colon
was positively correlated with injury, with highly significant
differences. The expression of TLR4, MYD88 and NF-κB was positively
correlated with lung and intestinal injury. Besides, the levels of IFN-γ
and sIgA were correlated with the injury, with significant differences.
The species richness, diversity and evenness of microorganisms in lung
and colon of the exposed group were reduced. There was a new
Mycoplasma phylum in intestinal tract, and the correlation
between lung flora and injury was higher than that in colon. In summary,
it is evident that PRV infection with lung injury alters the intestinal
TLR4-MYD88-NF-κB pathway, generating an inflammatory response, and lung
and intestinal injury and microbial changes promote each other and drive
disease progression.
How phytocannabinoids affect cardiovascular health? An update on the most common cardiovascular diseases.
Authors: Dziemitko Sylwia , Harasim Ewa , Chabowski Adrian
Published: January 2024

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the cause of millions of deaths in
the world annually. Despite the great progress in therapies, which are
available for patients with CVDs, some limitations including drug
complications still exist. Hence, the endocannabinoid system (ECS) was
proposed as a new avenue for CVDs treatment. The cardiovascular action
of cannabinoids is complex as they not only affect vasculature and
myocardium directly via specific receptors but also exert indirect
effects through the central and peripheral nervous system. The growing
interest in phytocannabinoid studies has been broadened the knowledge
about their molecular targets as well as therapeutical properties,
nonetheless, some areas of their actions are not yet fully recognized.
The purpose of this review is to summarize and update the cardiovascular
actions of the most potent phytocannabinoids and the potential
therapeutic role of ECS in CVDs, including ischemic reperfusion injury,
arrhythmia, heart failure, hypertension as well as cardiac complications
associated with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infections.
Ancient DNA reveals interstadials as a main driver of the temperate common vole (Microtus arvalis) population dynamics during the Last Glacial Period
Authors: Baca Mateusz , Popovic Danijela , Lemanik Anna , Bañuls-Cardona Sandra , Conard Nicholas , Cuenca-Bescós Gloria , Desclaux Emmanuel , Fewlass Helen , García Jesús , Heckel Gerald , Horáček Ivan , Lebreton Loïc , López-García Juan , Luzi Elisa , Marković Zoran , Lenardić Jadranka Mauch , Murelaga Xabier , Petculescu Aleksandru , Popov Vasil , Hadravová Tereza , Rhodes Sara , Ridush Bogdan , Royer Aurélien , Stewart John , Stojak Joanna , Talamo Sahra , Knul Monika , Wang Xuejing , Wójcik Jan , Nadachowski Adam
Published: January 2024

The common vole is a temperate rodent widespread across Europe.
Phylogeographic studies of its extant populations suggested the Last
Glacial Maximum (LGM) as one of the main drivers of the species’
population history. However, analyses based solely on extant genetic
diversity may not recover the full complexity of Late Pleistocene
population dynamics. To reconstruct the population history of the common
vole through the Last Glacial Period, we analysed a 4.2 kb-long fragment
of mitochondrial DNA of 148 ancient and 51 modern specimens, sampled
from across Europe, and covering the last 60 thousand years (ka). We
estimate the time to the most recent common ancestor of Last Glacial
common vole lineages to 90 ka ago and the diversification of the main
extant lineages to between 55 and 40 ka ago, substantially earlier than
previously estimated. Our data suggests multiple lineage turnovers in
Europe at the end of Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 and around the
Pleistocene/Holocene transition. Conversely, data from the Western
Carpathians suggest continuity throughout the LGM. This further suggests
that climate amelioration during MIS 2 had little impact on common voles
and that the main driver of population dynamics was the reduction of
open habitats during the interstadial periods.
Effects of Improvements in the Health System and Socioeconomic Changes on Epidemiology of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children
Authors: bolat ahmet , arslan melike , balamtekin necati , aydoğmuş yüksel , ünay bülent
Published: January 2024

Objectives: This study investigated the effects of socioeconomic changes
and health system improvements in the past two decades on the
epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Turkey. Methods:
In total, 1488 children treated with a diagnosis of pneumonia in XXXX
Training and Research Hospital Pediatrics Department between 2016 to
2021 were included in the present study. The patients’ demographic data,
personal and family histories, and socioeconomic status were recorded.
Results: Of the 1488 pediatric patients (46.8% girls; mean age:43.20 ±
41.04 months), 108 were aged 0–6 months (7.3%), 672 were aged 6–24
months (45.2%), 444 were aged 24–60 months (29.8%), and 264 were aged
≥ 60 months (17.7%). In total, 98% of patients underwent routine
vaccination and the rate of seasonal influenza vaccination was 5.6%.
Additionally, 444 patients (29.8%) had chronic disease and 276 of these
had asthma. Furthermore, asthma and cerebral palsy were the most common
chronic diseases. A family history of asthma in first-degree relatives
was present in 396 patients (26.6%). Conclusion: In the past two
decades, there have been substantial changes in the epidemiology of CAP
in Turkey, due to socioeconomic changes, increasing urbanization, and
health system improvements.
FIXED POINTS OF WEAKLY K-NONEXPANSIVE MAPPINGS AND A STABILITY RESULT FOR FIXED POINT ITERATION PROCESS WITH AN APPLICATION
Authors: PANJA SAYANTAN , Roy Kushal , Saha Mantu
Published: January 2024

In this article, we introduce a new type of non-expansive mapping,
namely weakly K-nonexpansive mapping, which is weaker than
non-expansiveness and stronger than quasi-nonexpansiveness and prove
some weak and strong convergence results, using weakly K-nonexpansive
mappings. Also we define weakly (α;K)-nonexpansive mapping and using it
prove one stability result for JF-iteration process. Some prominant
examples are presented which illustrats the facts. A numerical example
is presented to compare the convergence behavior of some known iterative
algorithms, for weakly K-nonexpansive mappings. Moreover we show by an
example that the class of α-nonexpansive mappings due to Aoyama and
Kohsaka and the class of generalized α-nonexpansive mappings due to Pant
and Shukla are independent. Finally, our fixed point theorem is applied
to obtain solution of a nonlinear fractional differential equation.
Uniqueness results for the fourth order $p$-Laplacian equations of kirchhoff type with Riemann-Stieltjes boundary conditions
Authors: Yang Youyuan , zhang shaoyan
Published: January 2024

In this paper, by using the contraction mapping principle, we establish
the existence and uniqueness of solutions for the fourth order
$p$-Laplacian beam equations with Riemann-Stieltjes boundary
conditions. Finally, some examples are presented to illustrate the main
results.
NOVEL BRIDGE MULTI-SPECIES ELISA FOR DETECTION OF SARS-COV-2 ANTIBODIES EMPLOYING SPIKE PROTEIN AS THE UNIQUE ANTIGEN
Authors: Trabucchi Aldana , Bombicino Silvina , Marfia Juan , Sabljic Adriana , Iacono Ruben , Smith Ignacio , Callum Gregorio Mc , Targovnik Alexandra , Wolman Federico , Fingermann Matías , Alonso Leonardo , Miranda Maria , Valdez Silvina
Published: January 2024

Considering the course of the current SARS CoV 2 pandemic, it is
important to have serological tests for the detection of the anti-SARS
CoV-2 humoral immune response for monitoring and prognosis the different
stages of the disease. Herein we describe a novel bridge enzyme-linked
immunosorbent assay (b-ELISA) for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies detection in
human and other species, employing recombinant Spike protein as a unique
antigen, which is produced at high scale in insect larvae. Eighty two
human control sera/plasmas and 169 COVID-19 patients’ sera/plasmas,
confirmed by rRT-PCR, were analysed by the b-ELISA assay. Out of the 169
patient samples, 129 were positive for IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 and 40 were
negative when they were tested by ELISA COVIDAR® IgG. When a cut-off
value of 5.0 SDs was established, 124 out of the 129 COVID-19 positive
samples were also positive by our developed b-ELISA (sensitivity:
96.12%). A total of 27 animal sera (5 horses, 13 rats, 2 cats and 7
dogs) were employed in order to evaluate the b-ELISA in other animal
species. The obtained results demonstrate that the method developed
herein is versatile, as it is able to detect antibodies anti-SARS-CoV-2
in different animal species without the need to perform and optimize a
new assay for each species.
Prevalence of physical disorders, hospitalization rates and the causes of hospitalization during pregnancy in Turkey: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Karaçam Zekiye , Doğrusoy Tülay , Ekin Pirozhan
Published: January 2024

Objectives In this study, we aimed to determine the prevalence of
physical disorders, to examine hospitalization rates and the causes of
hospitalization during the period of pregnancy, basing our conclusions
on observational studies carried out in Turkey. Search strategy The
literature search for the study was performed in April 2021 on the
PubMed, EBSCO, OVID, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Clinics of Turkey-Turkey
Reference Series, TR Series and Higher Council of Education-National
Thesis Centre electronic data bases. Results Nineteen articles were
included in this meta-analysis, amounting to a total volume of 159,022
samples. The studies contained data on 14 different physical health
problems that developed during pregnancy. Based on the data, we observed
that authors of the meta-analyses estimated a prevalence of 16% for
urinary infection, 10% for preterm labour, 7.8% for gestational
diabetes, 8.7% for premature rupture of membranes, 4% for hyperemesis
gravidarum, 2.8% for preeclampsia, 2.7% for gestational hypertension,
0.3% for HELLP syndrome, 0.1% for eclampsia, 6.6% for threat of
miscarriage, 3.8% for miscarriage, 1.2% for a history of bleeding in
the third trimester, 0.4% for placental abruption, and 0.3% for
placenta previa. None of the studies contained any report on
hospitalization rates and the causes of hospitalization during
pregnancy. Conclusion We obtained results in this systematic review that
pointed to evidence that some preventable physical disorders and some
that would necessitate hospitalization during pregnancy were prevalent,
but no data could be reached on hospitalization rates and the causes of
hospitalization.
Microstructure characterization of high explosives by wavelet transform
Authors: Jia Xianzhen , Cao Peng , Han Yutong , Zheng Hang , Zheng Junxing
Published: January 2024

The key macro properties of high explosives including sensitivity to
shock, the possibility of initiation, and the subsequent chemical
reaction are known to be controlled by processes occurring at their
microstructure level. However, there is the lack of an easy, effective
and accurate method to quantify the microstructure, termed as fabric, of
high explosives despite an abundance of evidence regarding its
importance. This study proposes a rotational Haar wavelet transform
(RHWT) method to characterize the fabric of high explosives from
two-dimensional images, yielding key fabric parameters including rose
diagram, fabric direction, degree of fabric anisotropy. The fabric
tensor commonly used in numerical simulations and constitutive models
can also be determined by RHWT. The RHWT was implemented on microscopic
images of six high explosives captured by various imaging techniques
including by scanning electrical microscopy, polarized light microscopy,
and micro X-ray computed tomography. Despite of these variables, the
proposed RHWT successfully identifies fabric in these images,
demonstrating robustness and validity of RHWT.
Theory of Global Climate Control
Authors: Hossain Md. Faruque
Published: January 2024

A model has been proposed to design a sustainable climate for the planet
Earth by the activation of the hidden power of dark energy (D_e), and
antimatter (A_m) of the Earth. Here, the activation of dark energy
(D_e) of the Earth considering its quantum electrodynamics (QED)
function is being analyzed to break the atmospheric CO2 naturally.
Subsequently, the activation of antimatter (A_m) considering nano-point
defect of the electromagnetic field of Earth has been analyzed to
transform activated antimatter (A_m) into cool-state energy, here
denoted as, Hossain Cool-Energy (HcE¯) to cool the Earth naturally.
Subsequently, this HcE¯ energy is also being further remodeled to
convert it into the thermo-state energy, named as the Hossain
Thermal-Energy (HtE¯) by the implementation of Higgs-Bosons (H → γγ¯)
electro-magnetic fields to heat the Earth, respectively. The activation
of dark energy (D_e) suggested that it has the excellent hypercharge
striking electron force to break the CO2 naturally to convert it into C
and O2. Subsequently, the generation of HcE¯ from the (A_m) and then
transform it into HtE¯ is being tested by a series of computational
modeling which reveals that the activation of the (A_m) and its
transformation into HcE¯ and HtE¯ are very much doable in anywhere on
this planet that certainly can cool and heat the Earth naturally to
secure a sustainable climate condition for the Earth.
Hydrogen-like atoms and spectra: orbitals scientific 3D-visualization and states with the highest probability of transition
Authors: CONSTANTIN DIANA RODICA , NICULESCU VALENTIN , RUSHTON MARK , MOCANU AGNETA , PRICOPI DUMITRU
Published: January 2024

We work in the physical model of hydrogen-like atoms and use the wave
functions provided by solutions of the Schrödinger equation with Coulomb
potential. For the hydrogen spectra, we develop a
theoretical-spectroscopy method to identify the significant quantum
states with the highest probability of transition. We exemplify this
method for the α, β, γ Lyman transitions, namely for a fixed
principal quantum number n less than 5, and find (2 1 0), (3 2
0), (4 3 0) as significant quantum states. Besides this, we obtain other
various results: the numerical tables for the radial distributions and
the electron density functions, and some observables like θ nodal
angles, nodal surfaces, along with the ordered sequences of the
average-radii of the sub-shells for a fixed n, such as:
18a =〈r〉 <
〈r〉 <
〈r〉 <〈r〉
= 24a (for the shell n = 4 and
a - the first Bohr radius). Afterwards, we build
the scientific 3D-visualization of the orbitals shapes and describe them
via the nodal values for θ angles.