bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analysis of The Influence of Hedonic Digital Lifestyle on Consumptive E-Shopping Behavior of Generation Z Through E-Commerce Applications
Authors: Budi Utomo Sulistyo , Jamali Hisnol , Arief Ilham , Saputra M. Novan , Priambodo Caka Gatot
Published: October 2023

This research aims to analyze the influence of a hedonic lifestyle on consumptive behavior in purchasing clothes via e-commerce among students. The author uses a quantitative research approach as a procedural step in this research. The author uses the Estok Navitte Cowan formula to determine the sample used. For the sampling process, the author used a non-probability sampling technique. The next technique used was quota sampling, with a total of 30 students. The author uses surveys as a way to collect data and chooses questionnaires as a tool to collect the necessary data from research subjects. The Likert scale was used in this research. Researchers use Google Forms as a tool for collecting data for research. The author uses the data analysis method of recall and data categorization. Based on the research results, it shows that the hedonic lifestyle adopted by respondents is partially in the high category. Both aspects of activities, interests, and opinions related to the research object can help construct a hedonistic lifestyle. In this research, aspects were found that could construct a dominant hedonic lifestyle, such as shopping, being interested in fashion, and thinking about products. Consumer behavior in purchasing clothes in e-commerce carried out by respondents is in the high category. The types of consumer behavior in the high category are impulsive purchases and irrational purchases. These two types of consumer behavior can occur because respondents look for symbols of satisfaction and pleasure attached to clothing in e-commerce. However, the level of waste in purchasing clothes through e-commerce is low.
Efficacy of copper oxide nanoparticles using Piper longum and Piper betle
Authors:   Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India, Selvaganesh Sahana
Published: October 2023

It is of interest to evaluate the antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects of copper nanoparticles synthesized using Piper longum and Piper betle. The copper nanoparticles were characterized using various techniques and found to have a diameter between 30 and 90 nm. The nanoparticles exhibited significant antibacterial activity against E. faecalis, S. aureus, C. albicans, and S. Mutans, comparable to gold standards. They also demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects similar to the gold standard values. Furthermore, the copper nanoparticles displayed antioxidant capabilities, with maximum inhibition of 85.16% at 50 g/ml and a minimum inhibition of 50.62% at 10 g/ml. Overall, the study suggests that Piper longum and Piper betle mediated copper nanoparticles possess promising antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, indicating their potential use in various applications.
Agricultural Sustainability in the Age of Deep Learning: Current Trends, Challenges, and Future Trajectories
Authors: Mohamed Mona
Published: October 2023

Agriculture stands as the essential foundation of human sustenance, confronting the dual challenge of providing for a burgeoning global populace while safeguarding the integrity of the natural environment. This comprehensive review paper undertakes an exhaustive exploration of the continually evolving sphere of agricultural sustainability, traversing the multifaceted terrain of present-day trends, technological innovations, and the promising trajectories that lie ahead. From the vantage point of precision agriculture and climate-smart methodologies to the strategic integration of deep learning technologies, it offers a comprehensive examination of pioneering approaches that are redefining the agricultural domain. Within, it elucidates the intrinsic relationship between agriculture and sustainability, exemplifying how judicious resource management, the preservation of biodiversity, and the implementation of circular agricultural practices herald an epoch of conscientious agrarian practices. Moreover, this study casts an illuminative gaze toward the future of agriculture, wherein quantum intelligence, meta-learning, deep reinforcement learning, curriculum learning, intelligent nanothings, blockchain technology, and CRISPR gene editing converge to furnish innovative solutions. These solutions aspire to optimize crop yields, mitigate ecological footprint, and fortify global food security. As this academic voyage commences, it is incumbent to reiterate the pivotal assertion that sustainability in agriculture is not merely a desideratum; it is a compelling mandate, and the seeds of transformative innovation have been sown to recalibrate the world's approach to food production and environmental stewardship.
PENERAPAN SISTEM INFORMASI ABSENSI SISWA BERBASIS WEB DAN SMS GATEWAY DI SMK AL-MA’SUM STABAT
Authors: Indra Harahap Ahmad
Published: October 2023

Perkembangan teknologi aplikasi dimanfaatkan sebagai sarana peningkatan informasi disemua bidang usaha, baik bidang pendidikan. Penerimaan siswa baru merupakan tahap awal dalam proses seleksi dalam memilih peserta didik yang baik. Permasalahan yang terjadi pada SMK AL Maksum Langkat belum adanya sistem informasi untuk melakukan pencatatan laporan dalam penerimaan siswa baru. Sebelumnya menggunakan pencatatan melalui buku dan Microsoft excel sehingga kurang efektif . Metode yang digunakan yaitu System Development Life Cycle (SDLC). Hasil dalam penelitian ini yaitu sistem informasi penerimaan siswa baru berbasis web. Dengan adanya sistem informasi penerimaan  siswa baru dapat melihat pengumuman dan jadwal tanpa datang langsung ke sekolah, dan dapat mengakses laporan secara cepat sehingga efektif dan tidak memerlukan banyak waktu
PERANCANGAN DAN PEMBUATAN SISTEM INFORMASI PENERIMAAN MAHASISWA BARU BERBASIS WEBSITE
Authors: Ginting Jimmy
Published: October 2023

Sistem Informasi Penerimaan Mahasiswa Baru Berbasis Website, dengan seiring  perkembangan teknologi semakin pesat khususnya teknologi informasi, banyak cara yang ditempuh untuk mengetahui informasi yang sedang terjadi, salah satu caranya adalah dengan memanfaatkan internet sebagai sarana untuk mendapatkan informasi tersebut.
   Penerimaan mahasiswa baru di setiap kampus berbeda cara yang digunakan. Bila ada mahasiswa yang ingin mendaftar ke kampus tertentu maka calon mahasiswa tersebut harus datang ke kampus untuk mendaftar terlebih dengan adanya virus covid 19, yang mengharuskan kita untuk menjaga jarak. Hal ini akan memerlukan biaya dan waktu.serta harus menjada jarak Namun, sistem informasi dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mengatasi masalah ruang, waktu dan biaya dalam pendaftaran calon mahasiswa baru tersebut.
            Dalam penulisan Jurnal ini, penulis membatasi masalah pada pembuatan sistem pengolahan data pada instansi Pendidikan Kampus yang berhubungan dengan penerimaan mahasiswa baru. Penulis mengambil data dengan dua metode yaitu metode langsung dan metode tidak langsung. Berdasarkan pengamatan yang dilakukan dalam pengambilan data, maka penulis menyimpulkan Sistem Informasi Penerimaan Mahasiswa Baru Berbasis Website pada instansi Pendidikan Kampus membantu memperlancar penerimaan mahasiswa baru serta menambah mutu dan kualitas bahkan nilai jual kampus tersebut.
Pemanfaatan Teknologi Media Pembelajaran di SD Negeri 023896 Binjai Timur
Authors: Tanjung Ruwaida
Published: October 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauh mana peran teknologi dalam mendukung proses belajar dan mengajar di dunia pendidikan khususnya pendidikan sekolah dasar dimasa pandemi sekarang. Objek penelitian dilakukan di SD Negeri 023896 dimana penulis bekerja. Penulis dalam hal ini melakukan metode kualitatif dalam mengukur penggunaan media teknologi informasi yang sering digunakan. Metode yang digunakan yaitu observasi langsung, dengan wawancara langsung ke guru yang mengajar di SD tersebut, melakukan survey dengan memberikan kuisioner melalui google form kepada siswa. Aplikasi yang umum digunakan yaitu whatssapp, google classroom, zoom, google meeting, skype, youtube live, gmail, LMS, edmodo. Dari nama-nama aplikasi tersebut dari hasil survey penulis kepada guru-guru yang mengajar di sekolah dasar tersebut didapat yaitu whatssapp, zoom dan google classroom. Kompetensi yang masih sangat kurang yang harus dimiliki oleh seorang guru yaitu menngelolah konten pembelajaran dalam bentuk video yang akan diaplikasikan ke youtube dan pengetahuan guru dalam pengelolahan web/blog untuk mendukung share informasi pengajaran yang lebih luas.
Analisis Kualitas Pelayanan Sistem Informasi dan Budaya Lapor di Lingkungan Ombudsman RI Dengan Metode SERVQUAL
Authors: Farchan Monoarfa Mahardhika
Published: October 2023

The rapid internet technological development makes web-based services develop rapidly. Web-based services are very useful in accelerating the supervision of public services. The Ombudsman of the Republic of Indonesia (ORI) is a state institution that has the authority to oversee the implementation of public services. However, many people still report on media instead of using the Ombudsman RI website. The purpose of this study is to analyze the service quality of reporting system on the Ombudsman information systems web. The quality measurement method uses the Service Quality (SERVQUAL) method that consists of five dimensions of service quality modified, usability, information quality, services reliability, assurance, and empathy. The research instrument uses primary data through the questionnaires and is processed quantitatively. The results showed a negative gap between expectations and perceptions in measuring the quality of the information system of Ombudsman RI. It shows that the web information system has not met the expectations of its users yet. So it can affect the culture of public reporting through the Ombudsman RI website.
UTILIZATION OF THE CERTAINTY FACTOR METHOD TO DIAGNOSE EYE DISEASES
Authors: Abdul ghani Mukti , Manurung Hotler , Ramadani Suci
Published: October 2023

In Indonesia, the number of people with eye disease increases every year. The blindness rate of the population in Indonesia is around 1.2% of the total population. People with this eye disease have problems ranging from mild to blind spots. The main causes of blindness are cataracts, corneal disorders, glaucoma, refractive errors, dry eyes, retinal disorders and nutritional disorders. Conjunctivitis, macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy and other diseases that affect the eyes. As vision, it is necessary to keep the function of the eye from decreasing. As a person ages, the accommodation ability of the eye also decreases. The causes include sitting too long in front of a computer or staring at a cellphone screen for too long, reading a book at a distance that is not within a normal healthy distance, or the presence of dirty air and solar radiation.
Sistem informasi Inventory Iparepart Motor Pada Bengkel Al Motor
Authors: Siregar Fitri Rizky Wahyuni , Lubis Ihsan , Maulana
Published: October 2023

The development of information technology is growing so rapidly, making many people aware of the importance of information. At the AL motorcycle repair shop, the ongoing process is still not effective because the inventory data management is still using the manual method using Microsoft Excel which makes the process of searching for goods take quite a long time. Where sometimes it often happens that the data in the warehouse is wrong with the data in microsoft excel which makes the workshop party have to calculate the stock from the beginning again to match the data in microsoft excel with in the warehouse. The purpose of this research is to assist the workshop in recording stock which has been ineffective in terms of workmanship and the results of this study resulted in the application of this spare parts inventory information system to be a medium to increase accuracy in the suitability of data items with existing physical quantities.
Alcance y límites del derecho de protesta social
Authors: Murgas Torrazza Rolando
Published: October 2023

El autor nos destaca a través del contenido del artículo sobre el alcance e interpretación doctrinaria del derecho de protesta individual o colectivo, desde una perspectiva del derecho internacional de los derechos humanos y del derecho constitucional. En el mismo sentido, nos brinda un minucioso estudio del derecho a la libertad de expresión, el derecho de reunión, el derecho a la libertad de asociación y a la libertad sindical, el derecho de huelga como parte esencial de los derechos humanos, económicos, sociales y culturales, cuya justiciabilidad recae en los Estados, su tutela y protección.
El modelo económico establecido en la Constitución panameña
Authors: Molino Mola Edgardo
Published: October 2023

El autor hace referencia en su artículo a las reglas del sistema económico, siendo relevante su análisis de los sistemas capitalista, socialista y el mixto de economía. En el mismo sentido, nos brinda particular importancia en el estudio de la evolución de las normas constitucionales, en materia económica, partiendo del estudio de las constituciones de 1904, 1941, 1946, 1972 y sus posteriores reformas en materia económica. Lo dispuesto en el Título X de la Constitución como un principio económico central que las actividades económicas corresponden, son abordados desde una perspectiva técnico – jurídica, haciendo un minucioso análisis del contenido de los artículos 282 al 298.
Evolución de los delitos electorales en la legislación panameña
Authors: Galvis Maruja
Published: October 2023

El presente artículo hace un revisión integral de los delitos electorales en los albores de nuestra vida republicana hasta la creación del primer Código Electoral, y así nos lleva a conocer el contexto histórico, político y social en que el legislador, con la misión de perfeccionar la legislación y blindar el sistema electoral, fue incorporando nuevas figuras delictivas, penas principales y accesorias, e, inclusive, erigiendo a nivel constitucional prohibiciones a las autoridades públicas con mando y jurisdicción, para garantizar, desde la Carta Magna, la libertad, pureza y honradez del sufragio en Panamá.
Identidad digital
Authors: Ho Augusto
Published: October 2023

El presente artículo aborda la participación de los ciudadanos en los procesos de transformación digital, a partir de la conceptualización y génesis de la identidad digital, valorando su interacción y convivencia en la actual sociedad digital, abordando en particular características que constituyen la experiencia de navegar por la red, de la cual destacan lo social, lo subjetivo, lo valioso, lo compuesto, real, contextual y dinámico. Su marco regulatorio establecido en Panamá, encuentra en el contenido de la Ley 144 de 2020, que modifica y adiciona artículos de la Ley 83 de 2012 sobre identidad digital. Culmina el autor en el presente artículo reflexionado si una cédula de identidad digital nos permitirá identificarnos en entornos digitales donde interactuamos a diario.
Aplicación, interpretación y conservación del ordenamiento laboral: problemáticas distintas y conexas
Authors: Cedalise Riquelme Cecilio
Published: October 2023

Con estas anotaciones se muestran las funciones que proyecta uno de los principios rectores del Derecho del Trabajo, disciplina jurídica orientada a establecer el necesario equilibrio social entre sus actores principales –el trabajador y el empleado–, cuyos intereses contrapuestos pondrían en jaque la vigencia y eficacia de sus normas, que no siempre coinciden debido a los problemas que se suscitan con ciertas situaciones nacidas al amparo de un orden jurídico que es revisado por otro instrumento, lo que vendría a ser delimitado y precisado, mediante el uso de las técnicas jurídicas que serían operadas durante la interpretación y aplicación del derecho objetivo, respetando siempre el principio de seguridad jurídica que fuera comprometido entre nosotros seriamente, cuando fue eliminada la estabilidad en el empleo.
Detención provisional y libertad bajo fianza
Authors: Batista G. Mario Alberto
Published: October 2023

El autor en su artículo titulado “Detención provisional y libertad bajo fianza” nos indica que la libertad y dignidad humana tienen valor normativo y constituyen fines primordiales de la nación panameña, previstos a nivel constitucional. Asimismo, establece que toda persona debe ser tratada y considerada como inocente durante la investigación y el proceso, hasta tanto se le declare responsable del delito acusado, en un juicio público, mediante sentencia ejecutoriada. Adicionalmente, plantea que la detención provisional no conlleva un fin en sí mismo; simplemente, es una medida instrumental cautelar.
Study of White and Blue Pottery in the Safavid Period
Authors: Ebrahimi Fereshteh , Ebrahimi Khalil
Published: October 2023

Art and the craft of pottery have always held a significant place in addressing human needs. Throughout different eras and societies, we have witnessed the growth, development, and significant influences of pottery on the richness and prosperity of culture and the general economy. This art and craft have endured and evolved over time. The continuation and evolution of blue and white pottery during the Safavid period highlight the importance of this pottery style. The transformative developments and support from the Safavid kings, especially Shah Abbas, led to the exquisite production of blue and white pottery during this period. In reality, the distinctive characteristics and quality in the creation of this type of pottery, along with the high demand in global markets, contributed to its mass production. The aim of this study is to elucidate the method of creating blue and white pottery during the Safavid period, introduce the influential factors in enhancing this type of pottery, and recognize its specific features.

The research methodology employed in this study is descriptive-analytical, and the data collection method is primarily documentary (library-based). The examination and analysis of blue and white pottery demonstrate that Iranian potters during the Safavid period, drawing upon their experiences in creating pottery from the previous Timurid era, imitated and combined these techniques with Ming Chinese examples and familiarized themselves with Ottoman pottery specimens. This resulted in a new style of blue and white pottery with distinct Iranian characteristics. The colors of this pottery typically feature a white body with blue patterns. Decorative motifs were tailored to the vessel's form, where primary designs such as animals, human figures, and plant patterns adorned the center of the vessel, while abstract patterns, calligraphy, and natural elements embellished the vessel's margins. These vessels were primarily utilized for storing liquids, serving food, and as decorative ceramics.
Embracing the Digital Era
Authors: Rahimi Ali , Kargar Alireza Ansari
Published: October 2023

The emergence of the internet has transformed various aspects of our lives, and the field of scientific research is no exception. With the advancement of technology and the widespread availability of connectivity, the traditional model of print-based scientific research journals is gradually giving way to a more dynamic and accessible online format. In line with this paradigm shift, the research journal of Jami University is now expanding its horizons by embracing an online platform alongside its print version. This article examines the importance and advantages of this move and highlights its potential for increased dissemination, collaboration, and impact in the digital era.
Increasing Access to Research
Authors: Hasin Baser Ahmad , Rahimi Ali , Kargar Alireza Ansari
Published: October 2023

In the ever-evolving landscape of scientific research and scholarly publications, staying synchronized with technological advancements and industry standards is crucial. JAMI, a scholarly research journal, has taken a significant leap forward by registering with CrossRef and implementing Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) for each article, volume, and issue. This proactive move not only demonstrates our commitment to enhancing access and visibility of scientific content but also heralds a promising future for our journal.
The Value of Dyadic Lessons in Online Learning
Authors: Long Joseph
Published: October 2023

This paper explores a very simple innovation in course design that I stumbled upon many years ago, which I’ve developed over the past decade, and which has proven essential to me in teaching traditional and online courses. I call this technique dyadic lesson planning. In this paper, I explain this simple technique, showing that the repetition of important material through dyadic lessons can improve the recollection, understanding, and engagement of students in general and distance learners specifically.
Introduction au calcul de la taille d’effet globale d’une intervention dans les méta-analyses en sciences de l’éducation
Authors: Roques Nathalie
Published: October 2023

Quand plusieurs études par comparaison de groupes (intervention et témoin) portent sur une même intervention en milieu scolaire, la synthèse de leurs résultats permet d’évaluer l’effet de cette intervention et de répondre aux attentes des praticiens, mais aussi d’orienter les recherches futures. C’est dans ce but que sont réalisées des synthèses quantitatives ou encore des méta-analyses. Pour chacune des études sélectionnées, une taille d’effet est calculée, qui est le g de Hedges (différence standardisée des moyennes des deux groupes) quand la variable à expliquer est un score post-test. La taille d’effet globale est alors estimée en suivant dans la plupart des cas le modèle des effets aléatoires. Enfin, pour conclure quant à l’intérêt de l’intervention, les tailles d’effet sont traduites en nombre de mois de progrès. Un exemple numérique est proposé pour faciliter la compréhension des modèles analytiques mis en oeuvre dans une méta-analyse pour les cas les plus simples.
On the powers of the prosecutor to initiate disciplinary proceedings
Authors: Usov Aleksei Yur'evich
Published: October 2023

The object of scientific research is the social relations that develop in the sphere of application by prosecutors of the Russian Federation of powers to initiate disciplinary proceedings. The subject of the study is the practice of prosecutor's offices of the Russian Federation in bringing guilty persons to disciplinary liability, legislation of the Russian Federation and foreign countries, organizational and administrative documents of the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation, works of scientists related to the topic of research. The methodological basis of the research includes the dialectical method, methods of analysis, synthesis, analogy, deduction, induction, observation, modeling, historical, comparative legal, statistical and other methods. The main conclusions of the study are to substantiate the mandatory requirement of the prosecutor to bring the perpetrators to disciplinary liability, since this is dictated not so much by the formal requirements of statistical reporting, but by the need to ensure the prevention of law violations. The scientific novelty lies in the proposals formulated by the author to legislatively consolidate the powers of the prosecutor or his deputy to initiate disciplinary proceedings, mandatory for the authorities specified in paragraph 1 of Article 21 of the Federal Law of January 17, 1992 No. 2202-1 “On the Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation”. The work contains specific proposals for amending Article 21 of the Law on the Prosecutor's Office.
Phasic locus coeruleus activity enhances trace fear conditioning by increasing dopamine release in the hippocampus
Authors: Wilmot Jacob H. , Diniz Cassiano R.A.F. , Crestani Ana P. , Puhger Kyle , Roshgadol Jacob , Tian Lin , Wiltgen Brian J.
Published: October 2023

Locus coeruleus (LC) projections to the hippocampus play a critical role in learning and memory. However, the precise timing of LC-hippocampus communication during learning and which LC-derived neurotransmitters are important for memory formation in the hippocampus are currently unknown. Although the LC is typically thought to modulate neural activity via the release of norepinephrine, several recent studies have suggested that it may also release dopamine into the hippocampus and other cortical regions. In some cases, it appears that dopamine release from LC into the hippocampus may be more important for memory than norepinephrine. Here, we extend these data by characterizing the phasic responses of the LC and its projections to the dorsal hippocampus during trace fear conditioning. We find that the LC and its projections to the hippocampus respond to task-relevant stimuli and that amplifying these responses with optogenetic stimulation can enhance long-term memory formation. We also demonstrate that LC activity increases both norepinephrine and dopamine content in the dorsal hippocampus and that the timing of hippocampal dopamine release during trace fear conditioning is similar to the timing of LC activity. Finally, we show that hippocampal dopamine is important for trace fear memory formation, while norepinephrine is not.
Expansion-assisted selective plane illumination microscopy for nanoscale imaging of centimeter-scale tissues
Authors: Glaser Adam , Chandrashekar Jayaram , Vasquez Joshua , Arshadi Cameron , Ouellette Naveen , Jiang Xiaoyun , Baka Judith , Kovacs Gabor , Woodard Micah , Seshamani Sharmishtaa , Cao Kevin , Clack Nathan , Recknagel Andrew , Grim Anna , Balaram Pooja , Turschak Emily , Liddell Alan , Rohde John , Hellevik Ayana , Takasaki Kevin , Barner Lindsey Erion , Logsdon Molly , Chronopoulos Chris , de Vries Saskia , Ting Jonathan , Perlmutter Steve , Kalmbach Brian , Dembrow Nikolai , Reid R. Clay , Feng David , Svoboda Karel
Published: October 2023

Recent advances in tissue processing, labeling, and fluorescence microscopy are providing unprecedented views of the structure of cells and tissues at sub-diffraction resolutions and near single molecule sensitivity, driving discoveries in diverse fields of biology, including neuroscience. Biological tissue is organized over scales of nanometers to centimeters. Harnessing molecular imaging across three-dimensional samples on this scale requires new types of microscopes with larger fields of view and working distance, as well as higher imaging throughput. We present a new expansion-assisted selective plane illumination microscope (ExA-SPIM) with diffraction-limited and aberration-free performance over a large field of view (85 mm
2
) and working distance (35 mm). Combined with new tissue clearing and expansion methods, the microscope allows nanoscale imaging of centimeter-scale samples, including entire mouse brains, with diffraction-limited resolutions and high contrast without sectioning. We illustrate ExA-SPIM by reconstructing individual neurons across the mouse brain, imaging cortico-spinal neurons in the macaque motor cortex, and tracing axons in human white matter.
Effect of premolar extraction and anchorage type for orthodontic space closure on upper airway dimensions and position of hyoid bone in adults: a retrospective cephalometric assessment
Authors: Mortezai Omid , Shalli Zeynab , Tofangchiha Maryam , Alizadeh Ahad , Pagnoni Francesco , Reda Rodolfo , Testarelli Luca
Published: October 2023

Background

This study aimed to assess the effect of premolar extraction and anchorage type for orthodontic space closure on upper airway dimensions and position of hyoid bone in adults by cephalometric assessment.

Methods

This retrospective study was conducted on 142 cephalograms of patients who underwent orthodontic treatment with premolar extraction in four groups of (I) 40 class I patients with bimaxillary protrusion and maximum anchorage, (II) 40 class I patients with moderate crowding and anchorage, (III) 40 class II patients with maximum anchorage, and (IV) 22 skeletal class III patients with maximum anchorage. The dimensions of the nasopharynx, velopharynx, oropharynx, and hypopharynx, and hyoid bone position were assessed on pre- and postoperative lateral cephalograms using AudaxCeph v6.1.4.3951 software. Data were analyzed by the Chi-square test, paired t-test, and Pearson’s correlation test (alpha = 0.05).

Results

A significant reduction in oropharyngeal, velopharyngeal, and hypopharyngeal airway dimensions was noted in groups I, III, and IV (P < 0.001), which was correlated with the magnitude of retraction of upper and lower incisors (r = 0.6 − 0.8). In group II, a significant increase was observed in oropharyngeal and velopharyngeal dimensions (P < 0.001). A significant increase in nasopharyngeal dimensions occurred in all groups (P < 0.001). Also, in groups I and III, the position of hyoid bone changed downwards and backwards, which was correlated with reduction in airway dimensions (r = 0.4 − 0.6).

Conclusion

According to the present results, extraction orthodontic treatment affects upper airway dimensions and hyoid bone position. Maximum anchorage decreases airway dimensions while moderate anchorage increases airway dimensions.
Parques adentro: ecología urbana para la crisis climática
Authors:   , Mijač Pasini José Tomás
Published: October 2023

La presente investigación fue producida en el marco del Taller de Investigación y Proyecto del magister de arquitectura de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile ”Atrios: sobre interiores que parecen exteriores”, dirigido por los profesores Nicolás Stutzin y Francisca Cortinez, impartido desde entre 2022 y 2023. En él, se rescata y se trae a la contemporaneidad la tipología del atrio posmoderno desde el punto de vista del Edificio-Ciudad, como un dispositivo que intenta recrear la urbanidad del espacio público en el vacío central de un gran edificio. Partiendo de la triada paradigmática de atrios públicos, los hoteles de John Portman, los mall de Victor Gruen y los atrios corporativos de Roche-Dinkeloo, se exploran los efectos producidos por el recrear la complejidad de la ciudad al interior de la arquitectura, y cómo esos efectos pueden llegar a responder a nuevas problemáticas de la actualidad. Así, diseñando edificios desde su interior, se experimentó traer el parque urbano dentro del atrio, respondiendo a una nueva sensibilidad estética contemporánea hacia lo vegetal en un contexto de crisis climática y explorando un nuevo paradigma que nubla límites entre arquitectura, ciudad y paisaje.
Infraestructuras de lo rural. Crecimiento y decrecimiento de la casa patronal
Authors:   , Briones Coronata Domingo
Published: October 2023

La arquitectura del Valle Central chileno se desarrolló dentro de un contexto de latifundios y grandes propiedades. Las casonas patronales surgieron como resultado del auge de la exportación y el progreso en la agroindustria. Estas imponentes construcciones crecieron al estilo de pequeñas ciudades, las cuales concentraban viviendas, servicios y trabajo, convirtiéndose en el centro productivo de pequeños poblados rurales. Desde el siglo XIX el valle central estuvo poblado de estas estructuras, sin embargo después de la reforma agraria, los cambios en los métodos de explotación agrícola y la migración acelerada desde las zonas rurales hacia las urbanas, generó la obsolescencia del modelo de hacienda. Como resultado, las casas patronales dejaron de ser los centros concentradores de la producción y servicios, por lo que el crecimiento de la población dejó de darse en torno a ellas, y su desarrollo se detuvo.1 Pese a ello, algunas casas patronales lograron sobrevivir hasta la actualidad, al adaptarse y evolucionar mediante la incorporación de nuevos programas. Estos cambios las revitalizaron como espacios habitables, y por tanto generaron la necesidad de su restauración y mantenimiento. Tomando como punto de referencia los levantamientos que destacados arquitectos como Juan Benavides, Patricio Gross, Raúl Irarrazaval y Romolo Trebbi, entre otros, hicieron en la segunda mitad del siglo XX, la investigación buscará llevar a cabo un estudio infraestructural y tipológico, que actualice los levantamientos de los autores mencionados, buscando entender qué ha sido de la evolución de estos conjuntos, y en qué estado se encuentran actualmente. Se estudiará específicamente cinco casos de casas patronales que se encuentran vigentes actualmente, analizando cómo se reinventaron para responder a las nuevas demandas y usos del mundo moderno. La hipótesis propuesta sugiere que la flexibilidad de la planta de la casa patronal ha facilitado la adaptación de sus usos a lo largo del tiempo, sin perder su funcionalidad. En esa línea, el vínculo con el proyecto plantea la posibilidad de reabrir como sistema el caso principal de estudio, la casa patronal El Huique, pudiendo integrar nuevos metros cuadrados y usos que hagan crecer el conjunto y se sumen a su programa de museo ya existente.
Hospital Admissions for Abusive Head Trauma Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Maassel Nathan L. , Graetz Elena , Schneider Eric B. , Asnes Andrea G. , Solomon Daniel G. , Leventhal John M.
Published: October 2023

Importance

Several studies have demonstrated a decrease in the occurrence of child abuse in the US since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. This finding has generated concern for missed cases due to the initial lockdowns and lack of childcare resources. Determining the association of the pandemic on hospitalizations for severe forms of abuse is essential to focus preventive efforts.

Objective

To examine trends in abusive head trauma (AHT) before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Design, Setting, and Participants

Retrospective, multicenter, repeated cross-sectional study, conducted January 1, 2016, through April 30, 2022, with data from tertiary care children’s hospitals and contributors to the Pediatric Health Information System. Data were obtained for 2380 hospitalizations of children younger than 5 years with International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification codes for both abuse and head trauma.

Main Outcomes and Measures

Monthly hospitalizations were analyzed using interrupted time-series analysis. Hospitalization severity (eg, intensive care unit stay) and clinical characteristics (subdural hemorrhages and retinal hemorrhages) were compared before and after the start of the pandemic.

Results

We identified 2380 hospitalizations due to AHT (median age, 140 [IQR, 75.0-325.5] days) from 45 hospitals. The mean (SD) monthly incidence of AHT was 34.3 (5.8) before the COVID-19 pandemic compared with 25.6 (4.2) during COVID-19 (a 25.4% decrease). When the pre–COVID-19 and during COVID-19 periods were compared, there were no significant differences in severity or clinical characteristics. On interrupted time-series analysis, there was a significant decrease in the number of monthly hospitalizations (−8.1; 95% CI, −12.41 to −3.72; P < .001) in the first month of the pandemic. In the subgroup of children younger than 1 year, there was a significant decrease in monthly hospitalizations at the onset of the pandemic (−8.2; 95% CI, −12.02 to −4.43; P < .001) followed by a significant temporal increase across the COVID-19 period (P = .01).

Conclusions and Relevance

The findings of this cross-sectional study suggest there was a significant decrease in monthly hospitalizations for AHT following the start of the pandemic in March 2020. Although there was no corresponding increase in hospitalization severity, the decrease during the pandemic may have been transient, as monthly hospitalizations for children younger than 1 year increased significantly over time during COVID-19, after the initial decrease.
Insight into Tetrabromobisphenol A‐Associated Liver Transcriptional Landscape via Single Cell RNA Sequencing
Authors: Bai Yunmeng , Zhu Zhou , Ou Jinhuan , Zhang Wenqiao , Iyaswamy Ashok , Jiang Yuke , Wang Jigang , Zhang Wei , Yang Chuanbin
Published: October 2023

In recent years, there has been growing concern over the rising incidence of liver diseases, with increasing exposure to environmental toxins as a significant contributing factor. However, the mechanisms of liver injury induced by environmental pollutants are largely unclear. Here, using tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), a widely used brominated flame retardant, as an example, environmental toxin‐induced liver toxicity in mice is characterized via single‐cell sequencing technology. Heterogeneous gene expression profiles after exposure to TBBPA in major cell types of the liver are demonstrated. In hepatocytes, pathway analysis of differentially expressed genes reveals the enhanced interferon response and diminished metabolic processes. The disrupted endothelial functions in TBBPA‐treated cells are then shown. Moreover, the activation of M2‐polarization in Kupffer cells, as well as activated effector T and B cells are unveiled in TBBPA‐treated cells. Finally, ligand‐receptor pair analysis shows that TBBPA disrupts cell‐cell communication and induces an inflammatory microenvironment. Overall, the results reveal that TBBPA‐induced dysfunction of hepatocytes and endothelial cells may then activate and recruit other immune cells such as Kuffer cells, and T/NK cells into the liver, further increasing inflammatory response and liver injury. Thus, the results provide novel insight into undesiring environmental pollutant‐induced liver injury.
Insight into Grain and Grain‐Boundary Transport of Proton‐Conducting Ceramics: A Case Report of BaSn0.8Y0.2O3−δ
Authors: Starostina Inna A. , Starostin George N. , Akopian Mariam T. , Vdovin Gennady K. , Osinkin Denis A. , Py Baptiste , Maradesa Adeleke , Ciucci Francesco , Medvedev Dmitry A.
Published: October 2023

Proton‐conducting ceramic electrolytes offer great potential for the development of low‐ and intermediate‐temperature solid oxide electrochemical devices, e.g., fuel cells and electrolyzers. However, the electrolyte constitutes the main bottleneck in such devices, especially at reduced temperatures, determining their overall performance and efficiency. Herein, for the first time the low‐temperature transport properties of BaSn0.8Y0.2O3−δ as a representative of proton‐conducting materials are investigated. The attention is focussed on grain and grain boundary conductivity of this ceramic material over a wide range of experimental conditions, including temperatures of 400–550 °C, oxygen partial pressures of 10−22–0.21 atm, and water vapor partial pressures of 10−5‐0.03 atm. After analyzing BaSn0.8Y0.2O3−δ with electrochemical impedance spectroscopy under these experimental conditions, the distribution of relaxation times is leveraged to evaluate the resistance, capacitance, and frequency of each electrolytic process. The data show that the BSY ceramic, prepared with CuO as a sintering additive, is characterized by three distinct processes: one is due to grain response, and two others are understood to be related to the responses of the pure and CuO‐covered grain boundaries. Therefore, this work opens a new path for the analysis of ionic, including protonic, transport along grains and grain boundaries.
Perspectives of High‐Performance Li–S Battery Electrolytes
Authors: Liu Jing , Zhou Yuhao , Yan Tianying , Gao Xue‐Ping
Published: October 2023

Lithium–sulfur batteries with high energy density are considered to be one of the most promising candidates for the next‐generation energy storage devices. Electrolyte as the medium for Li+ transportation between the electrodes, also plays a crucial role in inhibiting the dissolution and diffusion of lithium polysulfides in Li–S batteries. The working mechanism of Li–S batteries in different electrolytes is classified into “solid‐liquid‐solid” and “solid‐solid” conversions. Under the “solid‐liquid‐solid” conversion, Li–S batteries would inevitably face the challenges such as “shuttle effect” that lead to poor cycle performance, and under the “solid‐solid” conversion, they would face interface mismatch that limits the utilization of sulfur with low energy density, while both conversion mechanisms cause uncontrollable Li dendrites on anode. According to the conversion mechanism, electrolytes can be divided into ether‐based, ionic liquid‐based, gel polymer electrolytes, and polymer‐based solid‐state electrolytes with “solid‐liquid‐solid” conversion, as well as carbonate‐based electrolytes and oxide/sulfide‐based solid‐state electrolytes with “solid‐solid” conversion. Based on the conversion mechanism of active materials in different electrolytes, the current status on the strategies from multiple perspectives are summarized to improve the electrochemical performance, with the hope to provide a comprehensive guideline toward the development of suitable electrolytes for Li–S batteries.
Percutaneous Intratumoral Immunoadjuvant Gel Increases the Abscopal Effect of Cryoablation for Checkpoint Inhibitor Resistant Cancer
Authors: Som Avik , Rosenboom Jan‐Georg , Wehrenberg‐Klee Eric , Chandler Alana , Ndakwah Gabrielle , Chen Eric , Suggs Jack , Morimoto Joshua , Kim Jonathan , Mustafa Abdul Rehman , Marcos‐Vidal Asier , Fintelmann Florian J. , Basu Arijit , Langer Robert , Traverso Giovanni , Mahmood Umar
Published: October 2023

Percutaneous cryoablation is a common clinical therapy for metastatic and primary cancer. There are rare clinical reports of cryoablation inducing regression of distant metastases, known as the “abscopal” effect. Intratumoral immunoadjuvants may be able to augment the abscopal rate of cryoablation, but existing intratumoral therapies suffer from the need for frequent injections and inability to confirm target delivery, leading to poor clinical trial outcomes. To address these shortcomings, an injectable thermoresponsive gel‐based controlled release formulation is developed for the FDA‐approved Toll‐like‐receptor 7 (TLR7) agonist imiquimod (“Imigel”) that forms a tumor‐resident depot upon injection and contains a contrast agent for visualization under computed tomography (CT). The poly‐lactic‐co‐glycolic acid‐polyethylene glycol‐poly‐lactic‐co‐glycolic acid (PLGA‐PEG‐PLGA)‐based amphiphilic copolymer gel's underlying micellar nature enables high drug concentration and a logarithmic release profile that is additive with the neo‐antigen release from cryoablation, requiring only a single injection. Rheological testing demonstrated the thermoresponsive increase in viscosity at body temperature and radio‐opacity via microCT. Its ability to significantly augment the abscopal rate of cryoablation is demonstrated in otherwise immunotherapy resistant metastatic tumors in two aggressive colorectal and breast cancer dual tumor models with an all or nothing response, responders generally demonstrating complete regression of bilateral tumors in 90‐day survival studies.
FLight Biofabrication Supports Maturation of Articular Cartilage with Anisotropic Properties
Authors: Puiggalí‐Jou Anna , Rizzo Riccardo , Bonato Angela , Fisch Philipp , Ponta Simone , Weber Daniel M. , Zenobi‐Wong Marcy
Published: October 2023

Tissue engineering approaches that recapitulate cartilage biomechanical properties are emerging as promising methods to restore the function of injured or degenerated tissue. However, despite significant progress in this research area, the generation of engineered cartilage constructs akin to native counterparts still represents an unmet challenge. In particular, the inability to accurately reproduce cartilage zonal architecture with different collagen fibril orientations is a significant limitation. The arrangement of the extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a fundamental role in determining the mechanical and biological functions of the tissue. In this study, it is shown that a novel light‐based approach, Filamented Light (FLight) biofabrication, can be used to generate highly porous, 3D cell‐instructive anisotropic constructs that lead to directional collagen deposition. Using a photoclick‐based photoresin optimized for cartilage tissue engineering, a significantly improved maturation of the cartilaginous tissues with zonal architecture and remarkable native‐like mechanical properties is demonstrated.
Superhydrophilic/Superhydrophobic Droplet Microarrays of Low Surface Tension Biofluids for Nucleic Acid Detection
Authors: Awashra Mohammad , Elomaa Pinja , Ojalehto Tuomas , Saavalainen Päivi , Jokinen Ville
Published: October 2023

Superhydrophilic/superhydrophobic patterned surfaces can be used to create droplet microarrays. A specific challenge with the liquids needed for various biomedical applications, as compared to pure water, is their lower surface tension and potential for contaminating the surfaces through adsorption. Here, a method is shown to create biofluid droplet microarrays using discontinuous dewetting of pure water, an oil protective layer, and finally biofluid exchange with the water droplet array. With this method, a droplet array of a viscous nucleic acid amplification solution can be formed with a low surface tension of 34 mN m−1 and a contact angle of only 76° with the used hydrophobic coating. This droplet array is applied for nucleic acid detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 virus using strand invasion‐based amplification (SIBA) technology. It is shown that by using an array of 10 000 droplets of 50 µm diameter the limit of detection is 1 RNA copy µL−1. The results demonstrate that SIBA on droplet microarrays may be a quantitative technology.
Anchoring Microbubbles on Cerebrovascular Endothelium as a New Strategy Enabling Low‐Energy Ultrasound‐Assisted Delivery of Varisized Agents Across Blood‐Brain Barrier
Authors: Li Bo , Lin Yuejun , Chen Gengjia , Cai Mingyue , Zhong Huihai , Xiao Zecong , Lin Minzhao , Li Tan , Cai Yujun , Shuai Xintao , Ren Jie
Published: October 2023

The protective blood‐brain barrier (BBB) prevents most therapeutic agents from entering the brain. Currently, focused ultrasound (FUS) is mostly employed to create microbubbles that induce a cavitation effect to open the BBB. However, microbubbles pass quickly through brain microvessels, substantially limiting the cavitation effect. Here, we constructed a novel perfluoropropane‐loaded microbubble, termed ApoER‐Pep‐MB, which possessed a siloxane bonds‐crosslinked surface to increase the microbubble stability against turbulence in blood circulation and was decorated with binding peptide for apolipoprotein E receptor (ApoER‐Pep). The microbubble with tailor‐made micron size (2 µm) and negative surface charge (−30 mV) performed ApoER‐mediated binding rather than internalization into brain capillary endothelial cells. Consequently, the microbubble accumulated on the brain microvessels, based on which even a low‐energy ultrasound with less safety risk than FUS, herein diagnostic ultrasound (DUS), could create a strong cavitation effect to open the BBB. Evans Blue and immunofluorescence staining studies demonstrated that the DUS‐triggered cavitation effect not only temporarily opened the BBB for 2 h but also caused negligible damage to the brain tissue. Therefore, various agents, ranging from small molecules to nanoscale objects, can be efficiently delivered to target regions of the brain, offering tremendous opportunities for the treatment of brain diseases.