bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How Governance Can Contribute to Amazon Biome Conservation?
Authors: Fernandes Carolina Cristina , Marcovitch Jacques , Pinto Karen Esteves Fernandes
Published: May 2024

Forest conservation has transcended environmental concerns and become a determining factor in global social and economic issues. Therefore, setting forest conservation goals, including recovery and/or reforestation, is critical to help mitigate global warming and climate change. Although Amazonian countries have forestry policies for forest conservation, the forest continues to be degraded. The aim of this article is to suggest a regional governance model for the nine countries that share the Amazon rainforest. The thesis of the paper is that the definition of a common legal basis for the nine countries can contribute to forest conservation. Through qualitative analysis of exploratory and descriptive variables, the main topics related to the proposal of a governance model were identified. Multi-level governance contributes to the environmental conservation process by creating an environment to engage local, national, and international stakeholders from diverse groups. As a result of this paper, we suggest the creation of a supranational governance, composed and regulated by each of the nine countries of the Amazon biome and having as reference the AFR100 initiative. The proposition and creation of governance among Amazonian countries are fundamental for achieving the objectives for the conservation of the biome; such governance must take into account existing public policies, institutional mechanisms, and financial commitments. Although the Amazon countries present a framework of policies and commitments that seek to preserve the biome, the reality is that forest degradation through deforestation with negative effects on the climate and on the communities that depend on the standing forest still exists.
Phylogenetic analysis on 16S rRNA of Pseudomonas Species isolated from clinical specimens in Nigeria and other Regions
Authors: Udochi Anayo Ugo  , Mariam Odunola Hamzat  , Samson O. Aisida  , Iniekong Udoh  , Gonesh Chandra Saha  , NOSA Aima Airenobuwa  , Abraham Oluwaseyi Olawale  , Agboola Oluwaseun  , Miriam Goodness Udochukwu Nwaneri
Published: May 2024

This project was to study the clinical isolates of Pseudomonas organisms in Nigeria in comparison with those of other regions of the world, to understand their evolutional relationship, using phylogenetic analysis of 16SrRNA. A total of 51 sequence data files of Pseudomonas species from different countries were selected based on 16S rRNA, using the National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) webpage. Geneious software (V9.0.5) was employed for sequence alignment. Tamura- Nei was used as the genetic distant model, while the tree build method was Neighbor-Joining with a bootstrap value of 1000 and 100 numbers of replicates to indicate the revolutionary process analyzed over time. Majority of the strains from Nigeria (7) have very little or no mutations in the sequences. These strains with other strains from the other countries were clustered at the 2nd branch of the tree, with a bootstrap value of 96%. Generally, there is similarity in diversity of the Pseudomonas species across the globe. Much diversity was seen in all the strains from Saudi Arabia, as all were found on the 10th branch of the tree. Two Pseudomonas strains previously identified as belonging to other species than aeruginosa were seen to be Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. The low diversity shown by the strain isolates from Nigeria implies high fidelity to genetic stability with regard to the ancestral origin. The high mutation observed in all the strains from Saudi-Arabia indicates high diversity from the common ancestor and this may likely result to increased virulence and multi-drug resistance.
消化道潰瘍之高血壓長者是否要續用次級預防 之抗血小板藥物？ 以多中心世代研究衡量心血管保護效果與消化道出血風險
Authors: 藍亦倉 藍亦倉 , 顏宗義 顏宗義 , Tsung-Yi Yen 江建勰
Published: May 2024

背景/目的：阿斯匹林(Aspirin)被用來當作心血管疾病的次級預防治療，但目前特別針對老人族群的阿斯匹林使用實證和指引並未完全建立。若產生消化性潰瘍之高血壓長者，尚未有研究去探討出血後繼續使用阿斯匹林之適切性，本研究將探討上消化道出血後，高血壓長者若持續使用阿斯匹林後續產生主要心腦血管事件及上消化道出血住院的相關性。

方法：本研究設計擬以回溯性世代研究的方式，於台大醫院及其分院資料庫作為研究資料來源。申請臺大醫療體系醫療整合資料庫，日期自2014年1月1日至2018年12月31日，當中有使用阿斯匹林且做胃鏡之65歲以上高血壓病人。分三組進行前瞻性追蹤（病歷回溯日期範圍自2014年1月1日至2020年12月31日），分別為停止使用阿斯匹林組、續用阿斯匹林組、轉換成Clopidogrel組，主要預後為主要腦心血管事件、上消化道出血住院。分析方式包括Cox比例風險模型、治療權重倒數機率。

結果：共735位病人納入分析，平均追蹤時間為39.7個月，共140人發生腦心血管事件。轉換成Clopidogrel組(n=88)並未發現減少主要腦心血管事件(adjusted HR 1.09, 95% CI 0.63-1.87)，且續用阿斯匹林組(n=210)增加主要腦心血管事件發生(adjusted HR 1.58, 95% CI 1.04-2.38)，相對於停止使用阿斯匹林組(n=172)。在後續上消化道出血住院的風險，轉換成Clopidogrel組(adjusted HR 1.07, 95% CI 0.48-2.37)和續用阿斯匹林組(adjusted HR 1.14, 95% CI 0.61-2.10)都沒有增加，但在次族群分析當中，慢性腎病病人有較高風險產生後續上消化道出血住院(adjusted HR 2.41, 95% CI 1.30-4.47)。

結論：此研究發現使用阿斯匹林之老年高血壓病人若因消化道潰瘍出血，後續續用阿斯匹林作為次級預防，並未減少心血管事件發生。抗血小板藥物作為老年高血壓病人之次級預防的適切性在消化道潰瘍發生後更應小心評估，尤其是在慢性腎病的共病下，可能會增加後續產生上消化道出血住院之風險。

 

Objectives: The cardiovascular and bleeding outcomes of antiplatelet therapy continuation in older hypertensive adults with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) are uncertain. We aimed to investigate the appropriateness of maintaining antiplatelet therapy in older hypertensive aspirin users with PUD by determining the risks of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) and hospitalizations for upper gastrointestinal bleeding (hUGIBs).

 Methods: This multicenter cohort study screened patients with panendoscopy-proven PUD and hypertension aged 65 years or older between 2014 and 2018. Subsequent antiplatelet strategies were categorized as aspirin discontinuation (AD), aspirin continuation (AC), and switch to clopidogrel (SC) groups. Inverse probability of treatment weighting was applied. The main outcomes were incident MACEs and hUGIBs, followed through 31 December 2020.

 Results: 735 eligible patients were analyzed. During a median follow-up of 39.7 months, 140 MACEs occurred. Compared with AD, AC increased the risk of incident MACEs (adjusted HR 1.58, 95% CI 1.04-2.38) in secondary prevention patients. On the other hand, 102 hUGIBs occurred during a median follow-up of 43.4 months. Compared with AD, neither AC nor SC affected the risk of hUGIBs in secondary prevention patients. However, secondary prevention patients with chronic kidney disease were at increased risk of hUGIBs (adjusted HR 2.41, 95% CI 1.30-4.47).

 Conclusions: AC did not reduce MACEs in older hypertensive adults with PUD previously taking aspirin for secondary prevention. We do not advocate continuing antiplatelet therapy in older hypertensive adults once with PUD, despite its neutral association with hUGIBs.

 
與阿斯匹靈藥物反應相關之類天皰瘡：個案報告
Authors: 石祐茹 石祐茹 , 林肇鋒 林肇鋒 , 黃麗卿 黃麗卿
Published: May 2024

一位有橫斷性脊髓炎病史規律服用免疫抑制劑移護寧(azathioprine)的64歲男性，因心房顫動以阿斯匹靈(aspirin)治療約一年，來到門診主訴軀幹和大腿出現散佈性紅疹和水泡，經診所開立的抗生素和抗病毒藥物治療未改善，以蜂窩性組織炎診斷收治住院，隨後皮膚切片檢查證實為類天皰瘡，經評估停用阿斯匹靈並以靜脈注射類固醇治療，症狀好轉後出院，並持續接受門診追蹤。類天皰瘡為好發於70歲以上老年人的自體免疫疾病，隨著人口老化、多重共病以及可能引發此疾病的藥物增加，類天皰瘡的發病率在過去幾十年中有所增加，阿斯匹靈在病理機轉上也被指出可能引發類天皰瘡，雖然目前的系統性回顧顯示兩者之間並沒有顯著相關，但有鑒於新藥開發，藥物誘發性皮膚反應增多，若發現病人皮膚出現水泡，合併發燒、喘、低血壓、皮膚疼痛、大面積脫皮或成灰紫色，侵犯眼睛、咽喉或消化道黏膜等應立即停用可能誘發此皮膚表現的藥物，並轉介專科醫師。類天皰瘡的治療以類固醇和免疫抑制劑為主，長期使用可能增加高血壓、糖尿病、骨質疏鬆與感染等風險，病人於後續門診追蹤，基層醫師評估皮膚病灶改善狀況，以每2-3週的頻率減低藥物劑量，並根據病人的年齡和狀況安排藥物相關副作用的檢查。

 

A 64-year-old male with a history of transverse myelitis and regular use of immunosuppressive agent azathioprine presented to our outpatient clinic with a complaint of disseminated erythematous rash and blisters on the trunk and thighs. He had been treated with aspirin for atrial fibrillation for about a year. Despite treatment with antibiotics and antiviral medications prescribed by the clinic, the symptoms did not improve, and he was admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of cellulitis. Subsequent skin biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid. After further assessments, aspirin was discontinued, and intravenous corticosteroid therapy was initiated, leading to symptom improvement. The patient was later discharged for follow-up in the outpatient clinic. Bullous pemphigoid is an autoimmune disease that predominantly affects elderly individuals aged 70 and above. Due to multiple comorbidities and increased use of medications that may trigger this disease, the incidence of bullous pemphigoid has been on the rise in recent decades among the elderly population. Aspirin has been suggested to be a potential trigger for bullous pemphigoid in its pathophysiology. Although current systematic reviews do not show a significant association between the two, the increased development of drug-induced skin reactions with the advent of new medications warrants caution. If a patient develops blisters on the skin, along with fever, wheezing, hypotension, skin pain, extensive peeling, or a grayish-purple discoloration, or if the condition affects the eyes, throat, or gastrointestinal mucosa, the medication potentially causing this skin manifestation should be discontinued immediately, and the patient should be referred to a specialist.

 The treatment of bullous pemphigoid primarily involves steroids and immunosuppressive agents. Long-term use of these medications may increase the risk of side effects such as hypertension, diabetes, osteoporosis, and infections. After patients return to outpatient follow-up, primary care physicians should carefully assess whether the skin lesions have improved. Medication dosage should be gradually reduced with a frequency of every 2-3 weeks, and examinations for medication-related side effects should be arranged based on the patient’s age and condition.

 
以服務主導邏輯建構連鎖咖啡店之品牌體驗模型
Authors: 姜淳方 姜淳方 , Chun-Fang Chiang 張雅萍 , 羅印呈 羅印呈
Published: May 2024

面對競爭對手的快速成長與市場的高度競爭，連鎖咖啡店龍頭星巴克面臨優化品牌體驗的挑戰。本研究以消費者觀點運用根據服務主導邏輯，提出服務創新、社群媒體行銷、社會服務場域能營造連鎖咖啡品牌的品牌體驗，顧客對其品牌體驗的認知提升顧客參與。以便利抽樣方式進行網路問卷調查，有效問卷數為 317 份。研究結果指出社群媒體行銷和社會服務場域對品牌體驗有顯著正向影響，但服務創新則無顯著影響。品牌體驗正向影響顧客參與，並在研究模型中扮演部分中介角色。根據研究結果提出學術理論貢獻與管理意涵。

 

Leading coffee chain Starbucks faces the challenge of optimizing its brand experience in response to a rapid increase of competitors and a high level of market competition. This study applies service-dominant logic of consumer view, and proposes that study social media marketing, service innovation, and social servicescapes would create brand experience of a branded coffee shop, and then consumers’ perceived brand experience enhance customer participation. This study distributed an online survey by convenience sampling and collected 317 valid responses. The results indicated that both social media marketing and the social servicescape positively influenced brand experience. However, service innovation did not significantly influence brand experience. Furthermore, brand experience positively influenced customer participation and acted as a partial mediator in the research model. According to the above research results, the theoretical contributions and managerial implications are provided.

 
落實自主活力幸福永續的理念的社區選拔制度
Authors: 李易駿 李易駿
Published: May 2024

社區選拔制度是台灣地區社區發展工作中最要的政策指導方法，對地方政府的社區發展計畫執行、社區組織的投入有重大的影響作用。台灣的社區選拔制度有其制度的上的歷史傳承及演變，在2018年以前是全競爭制性質，而在2018年～2022年間曾短暫、部分出現準認證制度，但2022年又全面改為競爭制。但競爭制本身在學理上的特性並不適合應用於社區組織、又與衛生福利部社區發展政策價值相違，且不符合時代潮流的情況。本文乃基於評鑑選拔制度的本質及社區發展特質，而探討分析適合的制度，以助益我國社區發展的推動及各社區組織的發展及功能發揮，達到激勵社區組織的效果。

 

The community selection system which is the most important policy guidance method in community development in Taiwan for its historical inheritances impact on the implementation of community development plans for local authorities and community organizations significantly. It was a fully competitive system before 2018, and there was a brief quasi- accreditation system partially in 2018 to 2022, and comes back to a fully competitive system in 2022. However, the characteristics of community organizations do not conform to competitive system in theories. This article based on the characteristics of various evaluation systems and community development characteristics to explore and analyze suitable systems to help promote community development in Taiwan. The author expects to help community organizations function and develop well.

 
Ending the Subsidies Ice Age
Authors: Noster Anja
Published: May 2024

This article explores the potential of leveraging insights from innovation policy studies to enhance the analysis of journalism support, particularly innovation policies for journalism. It adopts a conceptual approach, applying the policy mix concept to media systems literature, yielding three benefits. First, it offers a holistic framework for researchers to consider different building blocks of policymaking supporting journalism innovation. Second, it broadens the conceptualization of journalism support beyond financial assistance. Finally, it develops recommendations for a future research agenda, encouraging both scholarly work and practical solutions for a robust journalism support infrastructure in the digital age.
Perfil del Laboratorio Urbano TUC: Alianza para el Centro de Recife, Brasil
Authors: Turmena Lucas , Guerra Flávia , Freitas Altiere , Ramos-Galvez Alejandra , Sandholz Simone , Roll Michael , Freire Isadora , Oliveira Millena
Published: May 2024

Después de casi dos años en funcionamiento, los desafíos y logros clave del Laboratorio Urbano (LU) TUC establecido en la Comunidade do Pilar en Recife, Brasil, proporcionan lecciones valiosas para mantener las actividades en curso, acelerar transformaciones más amplias y guiar iniciativas similares en otros lugares: 1. DESARROLLAR UN ENFOQUE BASADO EN EL LUGAR Y FOMENTAR LA CONFIANZA MUTUA: La participación efectiva depende de establecer y mantener la confianza entre los facilitadores y los participantes del LU. En el caso de la Comunidade do Pilar, superar la desconfianza y el escepticismo iniciales requirió adaptar las actividades del LU a las necesidades de los residentes y vincularlas a la acción climática, al tiempo que se aumentaba la presencia en el territorio y se creaban espacios seguros para la participación en igualdad de condiciones. El fortalecimiento de un enfoque local ha sido un factor clave que ha contribuido a los logros del LU. 2. EXPLORANDO LA PARTICIPACIÓN EN EL MUNDO REAL: La participación suele ser menos fluida de lo planeado. Los facilitadores deben considerar las fluctuaciones en la frecuencia y la forma de participación y desarrollar estrategias para adaptar el proceso del LU. Los diálogos abiertos y la comunicación clara son esenciales. El LU no es una organización estática, sino un acuerdo flexible con el potencial de unir diversos intereses y aspiraciones, vinculando las necesidades locales con la agenda del cambio climático. 3. IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE ESTRATEGIAS PARA AMPLIAR EL IMPACTO: El LU de la Comunidade do Pilar se esfuerza por fomentar resultados a largo plazo mediante experimentos a pequeña escala. Los cambios incrementales favorecen las capacidades individuales y colectivas, sentando las bases para transformaciones más amplias y profundas. Sin embargo, escalar los aprendizajes depende de la institucionalización de los cambios y de la obtención del apoyo de los responsables de la toma de decisiones, lo que puede suponer un reto.
Compostos fenólicos a partir de vegetais: uma revisão sobre as classes, propriedades e métodos de extração
Authors: Cavalcante Marília de Almeida , Borges Wardsson Lustrino , Souza Tiago Marcolino de
Published: May 2024

Os compostos fenólicos sintetizados pelos vegetais destacam-se por apresentar diversas propriedades biológicas com aplicação nas indústrias alimentícias, farmacêutica, cosmética e nutracêutica.  Assim, torna-se importante o estudo desses compostos, assim como de suas classes, estruturas químicas, propriedades e métodos de obtenção. Esta revisão tem como objetivo apresentar as diferentes classes de compostos fenólicos e os métodos usados para extração. Os métodos de extração incluem extração sólido-líquido, extrações assistidas por ultrassom, extrações assistidas por micro-ondas e extração com fluido supercrítico. A partir da pesquisa foi possível demonstrar as principais classes dos compostos fenólicos, condições específicas de obtenção e as principais vantagens e desvantagens dos métodos utilizados tanto na extração quanto para identificação.
Epidemiology of spine trauma at a reference hospital in Rio de Janeiro
Authors: Adolphsson Lorena Izabel Esteves , Castro e Silva Esther Serman , Melo Paulo Ricardo de Souza , Orsini Marco , Reigota Pinguelo Paulo Henrique , Pessoa Bruno Lima
Published: May 2024

O trauma raquimedular é uma doença heterogênea que pode significar a lesão de qualquer componente da coluna vertebral, apresentando ou não acometimento medular. o TRM é apontado em diversos artigos como uma importante causa de morbidade e mortalidade na população, sendo responsável por uma redução significativa da qualidade de vida das vítimas. Isso muitas vezes está atrelado a questões socioeconômicas, uma vez que a maioria dos casos são homens em idade economicamente ativa. Com isso, a incapacidade e a redução da independência envolvem questões de reorganização familiar/social e econômica. Nesse sentido, as características epidemiológicas do TRM são de extrema importância para a elaboração de políticas públicas e sua maior prevenção. Definindo a principal etiologia e o segmento populacional mais afetado, os esforços preventivos podem ser redirecionados e se tornarem mais efetivos.
Efeito do cuidado paliativo sobre a qualidade de vida de pacientes oncológicos pediátricos: revisão integrativa da literatura
Authors: Martins do Prado Luís Gustavo , Venâncio de Oliveira Vitória Heloísa , Almeida Araújo de Paula Larissa , Fonseca Guilhermino Higor Henrique , Gonzales Luiz Felipe , Ricci Marzabal Canales Melissa , Federighi Baisi Chagas Eduardo
Published: May 2024

Objetivo: Realizar uma revisão integrativa da literatura sobre o efeito do cuidado paliativo sobre a qualidade de vida de pacientes oncológicos pediátricos. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, logo, a pesquisa consistiu em processo sequencial e sistemático de delimitação do tema: estruturação do tema, definição dos critérios de inclusão, seleção dos artigos nas bases de dados científicas “PubMed” e “Portal Capes”, totalizando 3 artigos para análise e discussão. Resultado: Os resultados indicaram que a utilização de CP precoce aumenta a probabilidade em 4.7 (IC: 95%; p<0,0001) dos pacientes morrerem em alas não UTI, ou seja, alas de cuidados menos intensivos, além de demonstrar que CP tardio corrobora cuidados mais intensivos, probabilidade aumentada em 3.3 (IC: 95%), e pacientes submetidos a CP pontuam de forma positiva para o seu quadro clínico (81,63 ± 14,61; p<0,001) em detrimento dos não submetidos (62,39 ± 15,75; p<0,001). Conclusão: Os achados estatísticos validaram o pensamento inicial dos pesquisadores: a utilização de CP é benéfica para a QV de crianças com câncer, entretanto sugere-se maior investimento de pesquisa na área.
A systematic literature review on the pharmacological applications of the carotenoid norbixin
Authors: Leal Alves Abraão , Santos Miranda Leonardo , Leal Alves Tetisuelma , Galber Freitas Viana Vicente , Soares Teles Ariel , Almeida Rocha Jefferson , Maria Costa Véras Leiz
Published: May 2024

Carotenoids play essential roles in human health and can fight and prevent diseases. One carotenoid that is currently attracting scientific interest, particularly for its antioxidant properties, is norbixin. Studies related to its use in the treatment of diseases have become increasingly present in the medical field. This systematic literature review aimed to investigate and gather studies on the pharmacological activity of norbixin for health benefits and the treatment of diseases. Four databases were consulted: Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. Articles were extracted using a combination of keywords such as 'norbixin', 'antioxidant', 'diseases', 'in vitro', 'in vivo', etc. A total of 173 articles were identified. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 21 were selected for inclusion in this review. Studies have shown that norbixin, alone or in combination with other treatments, may be effective in DNA protection, tissue engineering, bone repair, and the prevention and treatment of age-related macular degeneration and cardiovascular disease. These results provide a solid basis for further studies aimed at exploring the pharmacological properties of norbixin and enabling its use in therapeutic applications.
Aproveitamento do resíduo de rochas ornamentais com adição de CuO e SiC para aplicação em superfície seletiva de coletor solar
Authors: Andrade Geraldo Magela de , Macedo Daniel Araújo de , Gomes Kelly Cristiane , Raimundo Rafael Alexandre
Published: May 2024

Geração de energia elétrica no Brasil é menor do que o consumo, daí a importância das pesquisas sobre energias alternativas e renováveis. A radiação do Sol pode ser transformada em energia solar fotovoltaica e em energia térmica. O objetivo deste estudo é a produção de superfície seletiva para coletor solar utilizando resíduo de rochas ornamentais, com a adição de óxido de cobre e carbeto de silício, submetidos às análises de DRX, DSC, TGA e FTIR. A partir dos pós coletados, procedeu-se a caracterização com ensaios de granulometria, estequiometria e formulação dos compósitos, misturados com adesivo araldite A + B, dando origem a uma pasta que foi aplicada por deposição pelo método screen printing no substrato de aço inoxidável AISI 304; após ensaios de perfilometria, UV-Vis e microdureza obteve-se filmes finos preto, sinterizados a 200ºC, que após análises de perfilometria, microdureza e UV-Vis os resultados apresentaram boa aderência, dureza média, baixa rugosidade,  absortância alta no espectro ultravioleta próximo e média no UV-Vis. Concluindo que o material é promissor para aplicação em superfície seletiva.
 
Palavras-chave: Aço inoxidável; Coletor solar; Energia solar térmica; Superfície seletiva.
Cooperativismo e bioeconomia: desafios para o desenvolvimento sustentavel na Amazônia
Authors: Silva Lindomar de Jesus de Sousa , Meneghetti Gilmar Antonio , Pinheiro José Olenilson Costa , Santos Alessandro Carvalho dos , Erazo Rafael de Lima , Rota Caroline Bogo
Published: May 2024

A bioeconomia constitui uma proposta de desenvolvimento que emergiu como solução de desenvolvimento sustentável para a região amazônica. O cooperativismo representa um excelente instrumento capaz de incluir as comunidades amazônicas como protagonista e atores essenciais nos debates e rumos definidos para a região. Como estratégias de debate sobre os desafios relacionados a  bioeconomia e cooperativismo analisamos uma pesquisa desenvolvida em quatro comunidades que têm o extrativismo da castanha-do-pará como uma das atividades produtivas que compõem a renda dos extrativistas. O levantamento das informações utilizamos a pesquisa bibliográfica, o levantamento de campo orientado pela pesquisa exploratória e descritiva. Como resultado, fica evidente que a castanha-do-pará, um produto com alta demanda em âmbito local, nacional e internacional, não consegue promover a distribuição de renda nas comunidades, a superação da pobreza e bem-estar dos extrativistas. Fica evidente que a inclusão das comunidades amazônicas numa perspectiva de desenvolvimento bioeconômico precisa inserir a resolução de problemas históricos, sociais e  também a valorização do conhecimento e da biodiversidade amazônica
How to Treat Cancer Properly
Authors: J Zhang
Published: May 2024

Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases in the world, chemotherapy is effective under some conditions, but has too heavy side effects, and it is not effective to a considerable proportion of cases while the side effects are often life-threatening, drugs (not unhealthy addictive drugs mentioned in reference four, the drug in reference four only mean those makes people addictive but does no good to health, destroying health quickly) are not always available to improve the condition. However, sport is a potential treatment that is effective to cancer before the cancer is disseminated, this gets little attention but is true both in theory and practice. The physical activities that have moderate intensity and duration should have devastating effects on cancer cells, they make the body hot and reduce the nutritional resources that cancer cells can get, also renew the proteins in the body and improve one’s mood, cancer cells are hard to live when one is active, both in physical and mental activities. Influenza may also be an option that replaces drugs for disseminated cancer, for it stimulates one’s immune response such as fever which is adverse to cancer cells.
Entendendo a sarcoidose renal: diagnóstico, tratamento e impacto nos rins
Authors: Miranda Larissa Abussafi , Mendes Jeniffer da Silva Alencar , Ribeiro Erasmo Carlos Oliveira , Cadore Fernanda Gabrielle , Carilo Guilherme Anawate , Salomão Ana Josefina Gonçalves , Borges Lucas Gabriel dos Santos , Maia Thiago Viana , Costa Tales Gabriel Rodrigues da , Barbosa Pedro Henrique Gabeto , Andrade João Pedro Gonçalves de , Oliveira Rodrigo Di Raimo de , Senn Pamella Bueno , Santos Neto Sileno Melo dos
Published: May 2024

A sarcoidose renal é uma manifestação rara da sarcoidose sistêmica, uma patologia granulomatosa de etiologia ainda não completamente compreendida, que predominantemente afeta os pulmões, embora possa comprometer múltiplos órgãos, incluindo os rins. Este artigo de revisão foca nos métodos diagnósticos, nas opções terapêuticas e nos impactos da sarcoidose renal. O diagnóstico desta condição frequentemente envolve a combinação de análises laboratoriais, como a mensuração do cálcio sérico e avaliação da função renal, além de métodos de imagem, tais como tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnética, que são fundamentais na detecção de alterações renais características. A biópsia renal, apesar de sua natureza invasiva, é imprescindível para a confirmação diagnóstica em casos onde outros métodos resultam inconclusivos, permitindo diferenciar a sarcoidose de outras doenças granulomatosas. O manejo terapêutico da sarcoidose renal é predominantemente baseado no uso de corticosteroides, que atuam na redução da inflamação e no controle da atividade da doença. Nos contextos em que os corticosteroides são ineficazes ou contraindicados, imunossupressores como metotrexato e azatioprina são empregados. Recentemente, os agentes biológicos têm sido considerados uma alternativa promissora, oferecendo eficácia com um perfil reduzido de efeitos colaterais adversos. O tratamento adequado dos pacientes com sarcoidose renal requer uma abordagem multidisciplinar, envolvendo especialistas como nefrologistas, reumatologistas e endocrinologistas, com o objetivo de tratar complicações metabólicas e monitorar a função renal. Esta revisão sublinha a necessidade de investigações adicionais para elucidar a patogênese da sarcoidose renal e desenvolver abordagens terapêuticas mais eficazes e personalizadas, proporcionando uma base sólida para a atualização das práticas clínicas no manejo desta condição complexa e desafiadora.
Contribuições psicanalíticas para a análise de crianças: aproximações e distanciamentos entre as propostas de Winnicott e Klein
Authors: Prado Juliana de Castro , Garicoix Vanessa Namieh , Alves Gabriela Costa , Grossi-Milani Rute
Published: May 2024

Ao longo da história, a percepção e o valor atribuído à criança evoluíram significativamente. Na Idade Média, era comum enxergar a criança como uma versão em miniatura do adulto, e a elevada taxa de mortalidade era encarada como parte natural da sociedade da época, resultando em laços emocionais menos profundos entre adultos e crianças. A partir do século XVII, ocorreu uma mudança paradigmática nessa visão: a infância passou a ser valorizada desde os seus primeiros momentos, emergindo a ideia da inocência infantil. Em consequência a tais transformações, as famílias passaram a dar mais atenção à preservação e à educação das crianças. Tais acontecimentos trouxeram repercussões sociais e culturais significativas, marcando o início de uma era na qual o cuidado e a atenção às crianças se tornaram prioridades. Com o passar do tempo e com o surgimento da Psicanálise proposta por Sigmund Freud, as abordagens na análise infantil também foram evoluindo. Inicialmente, com o método clínico de Klein e seus seguidores, havia um foco intenso na interpretação minuciosa das crianças durante a análise, com o objetivo de decodificar o significado das brincadeiras observadas nas sessões. Atualmente, diversos modelos teóricos ampliaram ou modificaram essas concepções originais. Este estudo de revisão bibliográfica visa explorar as significativas contribuições de Melanie Klein e Donald W. Winnicott para a análise psicanalítica de crianças. Pretende-se investigar as semelhanças e diferenças entre suas abordagens teóricas, visões a respeito da importância do brincar no desenvolvimento infantil e o tipo de manejo utilizado por cada autor na condução da análise do público infantil.
VERIFICAÇÃO DO AQUECIMENTO DO ULTRASSOM TERAPÊUTICO EM UMA INTERFACE MÚSCULO-OSSO NA PRESENÇA DE IMPLANTES METÁLICOS
Authors: De Matos Alves Charlie Carlitos , Yarzon Wilson Campos , Rodrigues Anselmo Fortunato Ruiz , Santos Francisco Glauco de Araújo , Maggi Luis Eduardo
Published: May 2024

O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o aquecimento provocado pelo ultrassom terapêutico na interface músculo-osso, considerando a presença de implantes metálicos. Para atingir esse objetivo, foram utilizados cortes de carne bovina como modelo de estudo. Os cortes foram submetidos a ultrassom terapêutico contínuo a 1 MHz e 1 W/cm² por cinco minutos, o aquecimento foi analisado por meio de termografia infravermelha registrando as variações de temperatura. Os resultados revelam que o UST (ultrassom terapêutico) com o protocolo utilizado causou variações de temperatura média na interfaces músculo-osso de 1,6 ºC entre faces teciduais sem e com implante. O estudo contribuiu com uma abordagem inovadora de avaliação da interface músculo-osso e enfatizou a necessidade de considerar os aspectos de segurança do paciente ao aplicar o ultrassom terapêutico em pacientes com implante metálico.
V.21 N.1.(2022) APPROCCIO “ONE HEALTH”
Authors: BELLINI FRANCESCA , CAL ALBERTO , LIVERINI ALESSIA , ZACCHETTI SARA
Published: May 2024

(ENG)Toxoplasmosis is a food zoonosis caused by the gondii Toxoplasma, a parasite that completes its life cycle within the cells of the hosting organism.  Toxoplasmosis represents an emerging disease and its diffusion is closely linked to lack of hygienic conditions, eating habits and hot-humid climates that favour the spreading of the parasite in the environment.  The majority of people who contract the disease have no symptoms and therefore do not require any therapy.  On the other hand, however, in immunosuppressed persons, in pregnant women and in infants with congenital infection, therapeutic treatment is of the utmost importance in order to avoid severe complications or even death. Prevention represents the most effective weapon against this zoonosis, and requires a multidisciplinary approach combining different professional categories.  This approach - already identified in the mid nineteenth century by the German pathologist Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchow, strong believer in the absence of a clear cut-off between animal and human medicine – was reinforced by the American veterinarian Calvin W. Schwabe, who created the term “One health – One medicine”.  According to Schwabe “health” assumes a broader meaning that includes and bonds in an indissoluble way the human, the animal and the environmental, all part of a single ecosystem
(ITA)La toxoplasmosi è una zoonosi alimentare, causata dal Toxoplasma gondii, un parassita che compie il suo ciclo vitale all’interno delle cellule dell’organismo che lo ospita. La toxoplasmosi rappresenta una patologia emergente e la sua diffusione è strettamente legata alle condizioni igieniche carenti, alle abitudini alimentari ed al clima caldo-umido, che favorisce la persistenza del parassita nell’ambiente. La maggior parte delle persone che la contraggono risulta asintomatica, pertanto non necessita di terapia. Invece, nei soggetti immunocompromessi, nelle donne in gravidanza e nei neonati con infezione congenita, il trattamento terapeutico è fondamentale, per evitare gravi complicanze o addirittura la morte. La prevenzione, che rappresenta la migliore arma per combattere questa zoonosi, richiede un approccio multidisciplinare che riunisce diverse categorie professionali. Questo approccio, già individuato nella metà dell’800 dal patologo tedesco Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchow, sostenitore dell’assenza di una linea di demarcazione netta tra la medicina animale e quella umana, un secolo più tardi fu rafforzato dal medico veterinario statunitense Calvin W. Schwabe, che coniò il termine di “One health - One medicine”. Secondo Schwabe la “salute” assume un significato più ampio, che comprende e lega in modo indissolubile quella umana, quella animale e quella dell’ambiente in quanto parte di un unico ecosistema.
Stato e odierne prospettive sul debito
Authors: Coppola Raffaele
Published: May 2024

Status and current perspectives on debt
ABSTRACT: Ours is a world balanced precariously between hopelessly opposing forces. In such a world the long-standing and noble battle for the elimination of illegitimate debt has little hope of success. Action must be taken on the causes but do we have the capacity and the tools? This question is attempted to be answered in the five paragraphs of this update article, reiterating with further arguments the need for the United Nations General Assembly to request an advisory opinion from the International Court of Justice on the consistency and adequacy of existing rules. It is appropriate to refer for the premises to an earlier article on the subject, entitled Holy See and illegitimate debt. The path to the International Court of Justice (2015-2022).

SOMMARIO: 1. Coltivare la speranza in un mondo migliore - 2. L’alternativa alla violenza nella svolta latinoamericana - 3. L’improbabile via statunitense - 4. La via italiana oggi - 5. Esiste un futuro per la via africana sul debito?
Urgenza climatica e ambientale, usurocrazia e debito dei paesi poveri
Authors: Coppola Raffaele
Published: May 2024

Climate and environmental urgency, usurocracy and poor countries' debt

ABSTRACT: This contribution, like other previous ones on the subject, is moved by the intent to acquaint readers of this informed scientific magazine with debates and updates intended for contexts other than canon law and state ecclesiastical law, but undoubtedly close in content and method of inquiry. These are the battles of civilization against the international imperialism of money, condemned by the Roman Pontiffs and in even more incisive tones by Pope Francis, to whom the following paper is dedicated on the occasion of his 87th birthday. Its remote origins are to be found in the struggles against usury of the Roman plebs, embraced by Simon Bolivar and his epigones. The author of the paper, Advocate of the Holy See for the Canonical and Civil Forum, reconnects with the great tradition in question when he returns to the subject of the foreign debt of poor countries, closely connected in our days with that of climate and environmental urgency. This is a new element, which enriches the acquisitions on the failures of debt and the financialization of the world economy with a deepening, from a legal point of view, of the holistic dimension of nature and the reality that surrounds us.

SOMMARIO: 1. I quattro NO di Papa Francesco - 2. Dall’Italia al Burkina Faso al Sudafrica - 3. Il ruolo della Santa Sede: in particolare, Francesco e il Nord del mondo - 4. L’Enciclica Laudato si’ e l’Esortazione apostolica Laudate Deum.
Comparing law and religion judgments in the rise of judicial populism. The kirpan case-law in Italy and Canada as a case-study
Authors: Pagotto Tania
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT: This essay explores the intersection of religious symbols and judicial populism, focusing on the case-law related to the kirpan in Italy and Canada. In an era of rising populism, religious symbols become political tools, creating an “us-versus-them” narrative. The kirpan, a Sikh ritual dagger, can serve as a case-study for judicial populism, examining contrasting approaches in Italian and Canadian case-law. Italian case-law prioritizes public safety over religious freedom, while Canadian case-law adopts a nuanced approach, accommodating the wearing of the kirpan under some conditions. The kirpan’s legal ambiguity highlights the tension between religious freedom and public safety, reflecting the broader challenges of recognizing different identities in a multicultural society.
SUMMARY: 1. Religious symbols, populism, and judicial populism - 2. Methodology and research questions - 3. The kirpan as a case-study for judicial populism - 4. Judicial populism in action: the Italian case-law - 5. Precautions against judicial populism: the Canadian case-law - 6. Countering judicial populism.
Audience Impact of European Co-production: The Case of Quo Vadis, Aida?
Authors: Mitrić Petar , Kolarić Tamara
Published: May 2024

European co-productions are usually the most ambitious European films, combining multiple sources of financing and targeting both transnational audiences and critical acclaim. However, their success with audiences is often quite limited in terms of admissions. In this article, we investigate the sources of this audience challenge for European co-productions adopting the perspective centered on audience design. We look at what we define as “ideal European co-productions”—films of high artistic value with festival visibility, an “ideal script” and clear socio-cultural and political value. We identify, drawing primarily on literature in theatre studies, four different groups of target audiences for these films—average spectators, emancipated spectators, spect-actors and emancipated spect-actors—and offer a framework for understanding what mobilizes these audience groups to seek out and view films. We then use Quo Vadis, Aida?, a 2020 film by Jasmila Žbanić, as an in-depth case study to show how, in practice, a lack of strategy at both production and distribution stage can result in failing to reach the target audiences even for films that show significant audience potential and have well-defined socio-political goals. We end the study pointing to the limitations of our work as well as offering suggestions for further research and policy development.
Popular European Cinema in the Platform Era: Circulation Cultures on YouTube
Authors: Coladonato Valerio , Holdaway Dom , Vietina Arianna
Published: May 2024

Over the last two decades, the platformization of viewing practices has transformed patterns of circulation, multiplying the possibilities for engagement with cinema: not only new viewing spaces themselves but also vast amounts of readily accessible related content (trailers, publicity, clips, etc.). The aim of this essay is to consider how these changes have impacted the potential for popular European cinema—which has historically strayed little from each national domestic market—to travel abroad and outside of “traditional” contexts of consumption. We shed some light on this question by examining how content related to a handful of highly successful European films is used on YouTube, the most widespread and accessible repository of online videos. Following a discussion of the changes in the digital distribution sphere, we identify the most lucrative European films from the five largest film markets of the continent—France, UK, Germany, Italy, Spain—since the launch of YouTube. Isolating seven examples, we then trace out their presence on the platform, questioning what kind of content relating to the films is available; engagement rates with these videos; indicators of local and global consumption; and what these results can tell us about the spectatorship habits of European cinema today.
OcchioPinocchio. Il Pinocchio apocrifo – e maledetto – di Francesco Nuti
Authors: Surace Bruno
Published: May 2024

Severely criticized almost unanimously at the time of its release, Francesco Nuti’s “OcchioPinocchio” (1994) represents a rare case of a “cursed” Italian film from the 1990s. It became notorious for its extremely costly and troubled production, whose release was delayed by a year, as well as for the massive flop that followed, so severe that it marked the decline of Nuti’s career and personal life, despite his previous success as a comedian and director. Twenty years after its release, perhaps it is time to reevaluate its worth, if not critically, then at least by scientifically identifying the prominent place it occupies within the myriad of cinematic adaptations of Collodi’s Pinocchio. Nuti’s film is indeed, not only in Italy but also in the international Pinocchio galaxy, the creator of an apocryphal Pinocchio: an adult yet somehow a child due to life’s circumstances, the son of a Geppetto who wants to make him a puppet, forced to flee through a land of toys that is the wildest and most inhospitable America, in love with a dark version of the fairy whom he ultimately helps. A disoriented Pinocchio made of flesh that must learn to discover itself, even timidly encountering sexuality, unable to lie and thus unsuitable for a world of deceitful adults (starting with his father); a Pinocchio thrown brutally into a world of violence, where he must fend for himself without help (no critique has dwelled on the fleeting yet essential moment when he crushes an insect with his shoe while uttering “Fuck you, cricket”, thereby affirming his solitude). Thus, “OcchioPinocchio” juggles various aspects of the Collodian discourse, both diegetically (up to the bad ending), and in terms of the physical and psychological construction of the character, who is hurled from Tuscany to the United States, embodying a specific form of Italian identity.
Un burattino elastico fra illustrazione e animazione. Il corpo di Pinocchio nelle pratiche artistiche di Gianluigi Toccafondo
Authors: Ravesi Giacomo
Published: May 2024

The essay investigates the representation of Pinocchio in Gianluigi Toccafondo’s artistic practices, mainly analyzing the figurative motifs. Collodi’s puppet is, indeed, explicitly at the center of several works by Toccafondo, which are interested in painting, illustration and animated cinema. Using his distinctive visual style, Toccafondo contaminates drawings and animations with cinematographic references. This is how the puppet takes the form of Totò while the Cat and the Fox take those of Laurel and Hardy. Through the analysis of the representation of Pinocchio’s body, the essay wants to capture and interpret a significant update of the symbolic elements inherent in the imaginary of Pinocchio in contemporary age.
Fughe ed epifanie di Pinocchio nell’opera di Virgilio Sieni
Authors: Mazzaglia Rossella
Published: May 2024

The figure of Pinocchio recurs in Virgilio Sieni’s choreographic production, for the imagery the character evokes and for the questions that its dual puppetry and human nature raises. Its variations are analyzed in respect to Sieni’s choreographic cycle on the fairy tale, where Pinocchio appears in multiple performances, and to the piece ‘Pinocchio. Leggermente diverso’ (2012), interpreted by the blind dancer Giuseppe Comuniello. Based on first-hand research, this essay shows the deconstructive variations Pinocchio undergoes in these works and the meta-discursive level traversing these choreographies, which lead to a renewed cultural reading of Pinocchio that shifts its core identifiers from loneliness and diversity to relationality and otherness.
Formulation and Evaluation of Immediate-Release Oral Tablets Containing Magnesium Aluminum Silicate-Loaded Simvastatin
Authors: Al-Shammary Sarah Rahman , Al-Khedairy Eman Beker Hazim
Published: May 2024

Background: Simvastatin (SIM) is a lipid-lowering agent to prevent disorders caused by clogged blood vessels. Because of its low solubility, it has low bioavailability. The adsorption technique is effective in improving drug solubility and dissolution rate. Objective: To use magnesium aluminum silicate (MAS) as an adsorbent in combination with Soluplus® as a hydrophilic polymer to formulate SIM as immediate-release tablets (IRTs). Methods: We used the solvent evaporation method to make MAS-loaded SIM in the presence of Soluplus®, making sure that the ratio of SIM to MAS to SOLU was 1:6:3. We then used this mixture to make IRTs. Using the direct compression method, we made all of the SIM-IRT formulas. We used diluents like Avicel®PH102, Avicel®PH101, and starch, as well as super disintegrants like Crospovidone (CP), Croscarmellose sodium (CCS), and sodium starch glycolate (SSG). We evaluated these formulas for their weight variation, hardness, friability, disintegration time, drug content, and dissolution profile. Results: We prepared the tablet formula (T5) using MAS-loaded SIM, Avicel®PH102 as a diluent, and CCS 3% as a super disintegrant. This formula showed the shortest disintegration time (0.61 min) and best drug release in phosphate buffer pH 7.0, releasing more than 80% of the drug within 30 minutes. Conclusion: Using suitable excipients, adsorption was an efficient method to enhance the solubility of SIM for preparation as IRTs.
Community Development by Increasing Awareness of Product Innovation and Halal Certificate in Cibodas, Pandeglang
Authors: Mangara Togi Haidat , Setyadi Sugeng , Desmawan Deris , Syaifudin Rizal
Published: May 2024

This article shows the implementation of community service activity in Cibodas Village which is the socialization of product innovation and halal certification with local entrepreneurs as the target audience. The problem found prior to this activity is the lack of understanding from the local entrepreneurs regarding how to make their product more attractive and how to process the halal certification. With this activity, the local entrepreneurs begin to have a basic knowledge of what kind of innovation they can do for their products and also how to process the halal certification.This article shows the implementation of community service activity in Cibodas Village which is the socialization of product innovation and halal certification with local entrepreneurs as the target audience. The problem found prior to this activity is the lack of understanding from the local entrepreneurs regarding how to make their product more attractive and how to process the halal certification. With this activity, the local entrepreneurs begin to have a basic knowledge of what kind of innovation they can do for their products and also how to process the halal certification.
Lung- and Respiratory Muscle-Protective Mechanical Ventilation
Authors:   , de Vries Heder Jonathan
Published: May 2024

The respiratory muscles are of critical importance for the recovery of critically ill patients after recieving mechanical ventilation in the Intensive Care unit. Sadly, many patients will develop respiratory muscle dysfunction during their admittance. In this thesis, we focus on techniques to monitor activity of the respiratory muscles during mechanical ventilation, with a long-term aim of preventing both underuse and overactivity of the respiratory muscles. This has to be balanced with lung-protective ventilation, which aims to prevent harm to the lungs by lowering the energy transmitted to the lung tissue.

Part one of this thesis focusses on monitoring and controlling lung stress and diaphragm
effort in critically ill patients. The general hypothesis of this part of thesis was that respiratory drive and respiratory muscle effort can be measured and controlled in critically ill patients by understanding respiratory physiology.

Part two of this thesis focusses on the expiratory muscles, the often-neglected part of
the respiratory muscle pump, and on the expiratory phase of respiration. The general
aim of this part of the thesis was to evaluate how critically ill patients use their expiratory
muscles, and whether the function of the expiratory muscles change during their
ICU admission. The general hypothesis was that the expiratory muscles should not be
ignored when considering a new approach to ventilation aimed at protecting the respiratory
muscle pump.