bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploration of photoprotective and antibiotic activity of 20 wild Polypodiaceae ferns from Costa Rica
Authors: Salazar-Chacon Yaclyn , Gutierrez-Bolaños Maria José , Padilla-Cordero Jimena , Vidaurre-Rodriguez Camilo , Carvajal-Miranda Yendry , Rojas-Alvarado Alexander , Rodríguez-Rodríguez Jorengeth Abad , Jimenez-Bonilla Pablo , Rodriguez-Rodriguez Gerardo , Alvarez-Valverde Victor
Published: February 2023

Skin disorders affect millions of people all over the world. There are limited options to treat dermal illnesses such as vitiligo, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis (eczema). Central American ferns are a potential source of bioactive metabolites against those diseases. Currently, Polypodium leucotomos Poir. (Phlebodium aureum (L.) J. Sm. synonym) is the only one being commercially utilized for this purpose. In this work, we evaluated the concentration of the skin bioactive compounds: quinic and chlorogenic acid, in the extract of 20 wild ferns from Costa Rica. We also evaluated the antimicrobial capabilities of the raw extracts of wild ferns and the sun protection factor (SPF) of the extracts. We found 19 out of 20 have either an important concentration of the compounds mentioned above or antimicrobial properties. Also, most samples result in higher SPF than P. aureum’s rhizome. We also have studied the fern acclimatization, at different shading conditions, finding a significant influence of the culturing conditions on metabolite production. After acclimatization. So far, we demonstrate that various ferns included in this study are a potential source of treatments for skin conditions.
Effect of tool speed on FLC curve position for DX56D
Authors: Novák Vít , Tatíček František
Published: February 2023

Experimentally determined forming limit curves (FLC) are often used to evaluate formability in sheet metal forming. These curves represent the limits of the formability of the material. The most widely used procedure for the experimental determination of the breaking point of sheet metal is formulated in EN ISO 12004-2. The FLC curve was measured for material DX56D + Z100-M-C-O using the Nakajima test on a BUP 600 universal test machine. The test setup and sample shape correspond to EN ISO 12004-2 except for the punching speed, which was increased from 2 mm/s to 10, 14, and 17 mm/s against the conditions defined in the standard. A non-contact optical system ARAMIS from GOM was used to measure the deformation. A stochastic pattern was applied to the samples to ensure the quality of the measurements, and the Erichsen adhesion test was performed. To determine other properties of the material, the microstructure of the material in the fracture area was observed in the metallographically prepared samples. During analysis, the microstructure was monitored with regard to the state of deformation (deep drawing, plane deformation, and more axial stress). Observations were made on samples with an etched structure using an optical microscope and an electron microscope, where, among other things, the distribution of particles, their size, and chemical composition were observed.
Monkeypox virus: an ongoing global outbreak hitting the non-endemic countries - a comprehensive review.
Authors: Nisar Hira , Saleem Omer , Sapna FNU , Sham Sunder , Perkash Raja Sandeep , Anjali FNU , Mehreen Ansa
Published: February 2023

Monkeypox is a rare zoonotic DNA virus with lineage from the Poxviridae family, Chordopoxvirinae subfamily, and Orthopoxvirus genus. (1) With a previous history of controlled and contained occasional outbreaks of the virus, currently a widely erupted outbreak of monkeypox with progressively rising numbers has been reported since May 2022 in multiple countries of the western hemisphere that are not historically endemic for this infection, particularly the UK and EU countries. The global cessation of smallpox vaccination has been hypothesized to cause the rise in monkeypox infections in recent years. (5) (7) Monkeypox like any other viral infection commences with prodromal symptoms; a maculopapular rash with centrifugal distribution usually follows. (16) (9) Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) confirms the diagnosis. (16) Transmission in humans is possible through infected animals or humans. (5) (27) In the ongoing 2022 outbreak, monkeypox virus has been undergoing novel mutations at an alarming rate. (56) Treatment options for monkeypox is an area that still requires extensive research, the utility of certain antiviral medications in treating monkeypox infection is currently being explored but is still controversial and debatable.
Genetic variability and population structure of Agropyron desertorum accessions from Iran based on ISSR assay
Authors: Maleki Hamid Hatami , Mohammadi Reza , Arshad Mousa , Hasanzadeh Mina , Rafiee Maryam
Published: February 2023

The genus Agropyron as forage plant has several species which represented resistance against environmental stresses. DNA markers possessed a key role in assessment of plant germplasm and parental selection. In this regard, the genetic diversity of 34 A. desertorum accessions was studied using 28 ISSR primers. A total of 448 loci were amplified in A. desertorum genome that 402 (90%) out of them were polymorphic. The primer (AG)8YC produced the greatest number of polymorphic fragments while the primer (AC)8YA produced the lowest number. The number of effective alleles ranged between 1.26 and 1.57. The highest value of Shanon index was belonged to primer (GA)8T while the highest value of Nei index (0.33) was detected for primers (GA)8T, (TC)8C, and (GACA)4. Primer (GA)8GCC with PIC = 0.40 was the best informative marker in evaluation of A. desertorum genetic diversity. Genetic similarity among studied accessions was between 0.45 (G03 and G17) and 0.80 (G01 and G11). Using Bayesian and WPGMA classification algorithms, the A. desertorum germplasm was divided into two major subgroups (Red and Green) consisted of 13 and 17 accessions and also admixture accessions. Late mature accessions were distinguished from early mature accessions and mostly localized in Green subgroup. The Red subgroup had more private allele as well as heterozygosity compared with Green subgroup and therefore had also promising selection potential. Totally, ISSR markers could distinguished early mature genotypes and this is significant for more forage yield. Likewise, the recognized heterotic groups could help breeders to select highly polymorphic genotypes in polycross breeding.
B1 cell-produced anti-phosphatidylserine antibodies contribute to lupus nephritis development via TLR-mediated Syk activation
Authors: Lu Liwei , Ma Kongyang , Du Wenhan , Wang Shiyun , Li Jingyi , Tian Jie , Xing Yida , Kong Xiaodan , Rui Ke , Qin Rencai , Zhu Xiaoxia , Wang Jing , Luo Cainan , Wu Haijing , Xiao Fan , He Lan , zou hejian , Wu Lijun , Lu Qianjin , Liu Dongzhou
Published: February 2023

Autoantibodies produced by B cells play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, both the cellular source of anti-phospholipid antibodies and their contributions to the development of lupus nephritis (LN) remain largely unclear. Here, we report a pathogenic role ofanti-phosphatidylserine (PS) autoantibodies in the development of LN. In cohort study and mouse models, elevated serum PS-specific IgG levels were detected in SLE patients, especially in those with nephritis, and lupus mice. The deposition of PS-specific IgG was detected in kidney biopsied of lupus nephritis patients. Both transfer of SLE PS-specific IgG and PS immunization triggered lupus-like glomerular immune complex deposition in recipient mice. ELISPOT analysis identified B1a cells as the main cell type for secreting PS-specific IgG in both lupus mice and patients. Adoptive transfer of PS-specific B1a cells accelerated PS-specific autoimmune response and renal damage in recipient lupus mice whereas depletion of B1a cells attenuated lupus progression. In culture, PS-specific B1a cells were significantly expanded upon treatment with chromatin components while blockade of TLR signal cascades by DNase I digestion, inhibitory ODN 2088 or R406 treatment profoundly abrogated chromatin-induced PS-specific IgG secretion by lupus B1a cells. Thus, our study has demonstrated that the novel anti-PS autoantibodies produced by B1 cells contribute to lupus nephritis development. Our findings that blockade of TLR/Syk signaling cascade inhibits PS-specific B1 cell expansion may provide new insight in understanding lupus pathogenesis and may help develop novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of LN in SLE.
A novel mutation in intron 1 of Wnt1 causes developmental loss of dopaminergic neurons in midbrain and ASD-like behaviors in rats
Authors: Tang Ya-Ping , Yongyi Li , Zhu Mingwei , Chen Wen-Xiong , Luo Jing , Li Xin , Cao Yangyang , Zheng Meng , Ma Shanshan , Xiao Zhilan , Zhang Yani , Jiang Linyan , Wang Xiumin , Tan Ting , Li Xia , Gong Qian , Xiong Xiaoli , Wang Jun , Tang Mingxi , Li Mingtao
Published: February 2023

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders with a strong genetic liability. Despite extensive studies, however, the underlying pathogenic mechanism still remains elusive. In the present study, we identified a homozygous mutation in the intron 1 of Wnt1 via large-scale screening of ASD risk/causative genes and verified that this mutation created a new splicing donor site in the intron1, and consequently, a loss of WNT1 expression. Interestingly, humanized rat models harboring this mutation exhibited robust ASD-like behaviors including impaired ultrasonic vocalization (USV), decreased social interactions, and restricted and repetitive behaviors. Moreover, in the substantia nigra compacta (SNpc) and the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of mutant rats, dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons were dramatically lost, together with a comparable decrease in striatal DAergic fibers. Furthermore, using single-cell RNA sequencing, we demonstrated that the decreased DAergic neurons in these midbrain areas might attribute to a shift of the boundary of the local pool of progenitor cells from the hypothalamic floor plate to the midbrain floor plate during the early embryonic stage. Moreover, treatments of mutant rats with levodopa could attenuate the impaired USV and social interactions almost completely, but not the restricted and repetitive behaviors. Our results for the first time documented that the developmental loss of DAergic neurons in the midbrain underlies the pathogenesis of ASD, and that the abnormal progenitor cell patterning is a cellular underpinning for this developmental DAergic neuronal loss. Importantly, the effective dopamine therapy suggests a translational significance in the treatment of ASD.
Density of the level sets of the metric mean dimension for homeomorphisms
Authors: Acevedo Jeovanny de Jesus Muentes , Ibarra Sergio Augusto Romaña , Cantillo Raibel de Jesus Arias
Published: February 2023

Let N be an n-dimensional compact riemannian manifold, with n ≥ 2. In this paper, we prove that for any α ϵ 2 [0, n], the set consisting of homeomorphisms on N with lower and upper metric mean dimensions equal to α is dense in Hom(N). More generally, given α, β ϵ [0; n], with α ≤ β , we show the set consisting of homeomorphisms on N with lower metric mean dimension equal to α and upper metric mean dimension equal to β is dense in Hom(N). Furthermore, we also give a proof that the set of homeomorphisms with upper metric mean dimension equal to n is residual in Hom(N).
Hydrogeochemical characterization of ground and surface water in the Eastern part of the Adamawa-Yade Domain, Bertoua-Cameroon
Authors: Nelson MentiAgbor , Wotany Engome Regina , Agyingi Christopher , Wirmvem Mengnjo Jude , Jude Ngai N
Published: February 2023

Groundwater and surface water are major sources of water supply to the inhabitants of Bertoua. Hydrogeochemical study was conducted in the study area aimed at identifying the processes that control the chemistry of groundwater sources and to examine the quality of the water sources fordomestic and agricultural purposes. Fifty water samples were collected from boreholes, open wells, springs, and rivers within the study area in January 2022 (the dry season). The samples were analyzed for physicochemical characteristics including pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids(TDS) and major ions. The water samples were acidic with 94% of pH values less than 6.5. The EC varied from 21-776 µS/cm and TDS (8.5-388 mg/l).The low EC and TDS indicate low mineralization and fresh water. The relative abundance of major ions (meg/l) was Ca2+> Mg2+> K+>Na+ for cations and HCO3- >CL->NO3>SO4-for anions. These major ions concentrations were low and within the WHO guideline values for drinking water. From Piper diagram two dominant water facies were observed; Ca-Cl and CaHCO3 with some samples plotting in mixed CaMgCl. Rock-water interaction, ion exchange, silicate weathering and anthropogenic activities were the processes responsible for the groundwater chemistry with some minor evaporative effects. These major ions concentrations were low and within the WHO guideline values for drinking water.Based on Sodium Adsorption Ratio and Residual Sodium Bicarbonate all samples fall in the excellent category for agriculture.
Symptoms and prognoses of patients with end-stage fungating breast cancer in palliative care units: the multicentre, prospective, observational EASED study
Authors: Takeda Yuma , Ishiki Hiroto , Oyamada Shunsuke , Otani Hiroyuki , Maeda Isseki , Yamaguchi Takashi , Hamano Jun , Mori Masanori , Morita Tatsuya
Published: February 2023

Purpose: We investigated the symptoms and prognoses of patients with fungating breast cancer in the palliative care unit setting.
Methods: This study was a sub-group analysis of a multicentre, prospective, observational study. Patients admitted to 23 palliative care units in Japan between January and December 2017 were enrolled. Data of patients with breast cancer were extracted. Wecompared demographic characteristics, symptoms, and prognoses by breast cancer skin lesion status. The primary outcome was overall survival. Secondary outcomes included Palliative Prognostic Index (PPI) score, details about skin lesions, and symptom burden.
Results:Of 1,896 patients, 131 (6.9%) had breast cancer. In this cohort, 44 (33.6%) patients had skin lesions. Most skin lesions (88%) were on the backand chest. Some skin lesions were associated with skin redness, erosion, necrosis, or fistula. Symptoms included bleeding, exudate, odour, and pain. Twenty-eight patients (63.6%) needed dressing changes and 14 (31.8%) patients experienced bleeding. None died due to bleeding.
In the skin lesion group, 32 (72.8%) patients had used opioids equivalent to 38 mg of oral morphine daily, compared to 25 mg in 57 (65.5%) in the non-skin lesion group (p = 0.26). Median PPI scores at hospital admission were 4.5 versus 6.5 (p = 0.08). Median survival was 23 versus 21 days (p = 0.48).
Conclusion: Patients with skin lesions had a distinct symptom burden and tended to use a higher dose of opioids. The effect of skin lesions on survival was unclear.
The ϵ-spectral radii of k-uniform hypertrees *
Authors: Li Weimin , Li Jianping , Zhang Jianbin , He Weihua
Published: February 2023

The \epsilon-spectral radius of a connected hypergraph is the largest eigenvalue of its eccentricity matrix. Let \mathcal{T}_{m,d} be the set of k-uniform hypertrees with size m and diameter d. In this paper, we show that the eccentricity matrix of a k-uniform hypertree is irreducible, and we characterize the unique hypertrees with the minimum-spectral radius among \bigcup_{d\neq3}\mathcal{T}_{m,d}.
AMS Classi cation: 05C50, 05C65
Combination of vonoprazan and amoxicillin as the first-line Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy: a multicenter, prospective, randomized, parallel-controlled study
Authors: Peng Xiang , Chen Huang-wei , Wan Yu , Su Pei-zhu , Yu Jin , Liu Jun-jun , Lu Yi , Zhang Min , Yao Jia-Yin , Zhi Min
Published: February 2023

Background
The eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) decreased gradually. This study aimed to analyze the efficacy and safety of a 14-day combination of vonoprazan and amoxicillin as the first-line eradication therapy for H. pylori infection, and compared them with those of the bismuth quadruple therapy.
Methods
A prospective randomized clinical trial (RCT) was designed, involving patients with H. pylori infection in 6 institutions who did not receive any treatment yet. They were randomly assigned into VA-dual group (vonprazan 20mg b.i.d + amoxicillin 750mg q.i.d) or EACP-quadruple group (esomeprazole 20mg + amoxicillin 1000mg + clarithromycin 500mg + colloidal bismuth subcitrate 220mg b.i.d) for 14 days in ratio of 1:1. At least 28 days later, the eradication rate were detected by the 13C-urea breath test (UBT).
Results
A total of 562 patients from February 2022 to September 2022 were enrolled and 316 were randomly. In the ITT analysis, the eradication rates of H. pylori in VA-dual group and EACP-quadruple group were 89.9% and 81.0% respectively, p = 0.037. In the PP analysis were 97.9% and 90.8%, p = 0.009. The different eradication rate was 8.9% (95%CI, 1.2–16.5%) and 7.2% (95%CI, 1.8–12.4%) in ITT and PP analysis, both lower limit of the 95%CI was still higher than the prespecified margin. In addition, the incidence of adverse events in VA-dual group was significantly lower than that in EACP-quadruple group (19.0% vs. 43.0%, P < 0.001).
Conclusion
The efficacy and safety of a 14-day combination therapy of vonoprazan and amoxicillin in eradicating H. pylori are superior to bismuth quadruple therapy, and this combination significantly reduces the use of antibiotics.
Structure and Dynamics of Tetrhis, a Novel Metal-dependent Polyhistidine Tetramerization Motif
Authors: Healey Robert , Couillaud Louise , hoh francois , Mouhand Assia , Granier Sebastien , Leyrat Cedric
Published: February 2023

The polyhistidine (6XHis) tag is one of the most ubiquitous fusion tags used for the purification of recombinant proteins. The 6XHis motif enables the tagged protein to bind metal ions such as Co2+, Ni2+, Zn2+ and Cu2+, which can be advantageously used for protein purification with immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC). Despite its widespread use, high-resolution protein structures encompassing a metal-bound 6XHis motif rarely occur in the worldwide Protein Data Bank (PDB). Here, we obtained a 2.5 Å resolution crystal structure of a single chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody bearing a C-terminal tag composed of a sortase motif (LPETG), followed by a 6XHis and a TwinStrep tag (WSHPQFEK[G3S]3WSHPQFEK). The protein crystallized in the presence of cobalt (II) and its structure reveals a novel tetramerization motif (TetrHis) stabilized by 8 Co2+ ions clustered within a small region of space. The TetrHis motif contains two 6 residues-long β-strands related by a twofold symmetry axis, and the 8 metal centers coordinate 3 to 5 protein residues each, including all of the 6XHis histidines, a glutamate residue from the sortase motif and an additional histidine residue from the TwinStrep tag. We reviewed metal-bound homopolymeric histidine tracts in deposited PDB structures and found no similar motifs. Using a combination of small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS), molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and ensemble analysis, we studied the structural dynamics of the tagged scFv in the absence and presence of Co2+ ions, demonstrating an open/close equilibrium of the monomer and the formation of a cobalt-stabilized tetramer in solution. The structure of the novel metal-dependent tetramerization motif reported here might provide a useful starting point for designing metal-loaded biomaterials, with potential applications in the fields of biosensors, bioanalytical devices, or biocatalysts.
A modified Hammerstein modeling by the differential evolution algorithm
Authors: Chang Wei-Der
Published: February 2023

This paper focuses on the nonlinear system modeling based on using a modified Hammerstein system model. The proposed Hammerstein structure is composed of a bilinear neural network (BNN) and a recursive digital system in the cascaded form. The former is taken to be the nonlinear function part of the Hammerstein model, and the latter is used as the linear dynamic subsystem. The BNN is then constructed by the bilinear digital system and the recurrent neural network, which already possesses a satisfactory modeling capacity. To update all the adjustable parameters within the proposed Hammerstein model, a popular and powerful evolutionary computation called the differential evolution (DE) is utilized so that the model output can be very close to the actual nonlinear system output. Finally, a simulated nonlinear chemical process system, continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR), is illustrated with the modeling phase and testing phase. Some numerical results as compared with a different method from subject literature are provided to show the feasibility of the proposed method and its good modeling.
Role of regulatory monitoring in the Indian Oil and Gas Sector for Risk Reduction
Authors: Tata LN Murthy , Salwan Prashant
Published: February 2023

OALP was introduced in 2016 by GoI with a less regulatory burden to the government and pricing freedom to investing firms. Earlier policy NELP was with exploration and production cost recovery and price control by GoI. The new policy OALP is with no-cost recovery, revenue sharing, and pricing freedom to the firm. The Oil and gas industry is involved with a wide variety of risks. In OALP, there is no regulatory monitoring and no cost recovery; this has increased the risk to the Indian oil and gas industry; a firm may go for cheap alternatives, which can cause accidents and create direct loss to the industry and the country's reputation. In addition, pricing freedom for the firm can increase the natural gas price, and the gas-dependent sectors face trouble in purchasing. This paper studied the role of regulatory monitoring in risk reduction in the Indian oil and gas sector
Test Generation Algorithm for Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) Technology
Authors: Dhare Vaishali , Mehta Usha
Published: February 2023

One of the alternatives to the current silicon technology, Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) is Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA). Test generation is an unavoidable process in the CMOS design flow. This possibility of test generation must be explored and applied to the QCA as the QCA is a novel and nanoscale technology. Therefore, in this paper, the test generation process is explored and implemented for QCA combinational circuits.
The FAN (A Fanout Oriented) Automatic Test pattern Generator (ATPG) algorithm is extended for QCA (FANQ). The proposed FANQ ATPG is developed for faults caused by Multiple Missing Cells (MMC) along with single missing cell defect in QCA primitives and circuits which is not reported in earlier QCA based ATPG. The previously proposed testing properties and testability measures are incorporated in the FANQ ATPG for its effectiveness. The generated test vectors are compacted and tested on previously synthesized, QCA-oriented Microelectronics Center for North Carolina (MCNC) benchmark circuits. Further, the generated test vectors are also validated at the layout level to demonstrate the correctness of ATPG. The proposed ATPG for QCA combinational circuits required fewer test vectors for the stuck at fault model compared to the available QCA ATPG.
Membrane Protein Bcest Is Involved in Hyphal Growth, Virulence and Stress Tolerance of Botrytis cinerea
Authors: Zhang Wei , Ge Beibei , Lv Zhaoyang , Li Hua , Park Kyung Seok , Shi Liming , Zhang Kecheng
Published: February 2023

Grey mold caused by Botrytis cinerea is a devastating disease responsible for large losses to agricultural production, and a necrotrophic model fungal plant pathogen. As important targets of fungicides, membrane proteins are hot spots in the research and development of fungicide products. Wuyiencin affects the permeability and pathogenicity of B. cinerea, and the membrane protein Bcest was found to be associated by parallel reaction monitoring. To explore this relationship, the bacteriostatic mechanism of wuyiencin was elucidated. In the present work, we generated and characterised ΔBcest deletion mutants of B. cinerea and constructed complemented strains. The ΔBcest deletion mutants exhibited reduced conidia germination and germ tube elongation. The functional activity of ΔBcest deletion mutants was illustrated by reduced necrotic colonisation of B. cinerea on strawberries and grapes fruits. Targeted deletion of Bcest also blocked several phenotypic defects in aspects of mycelial growth, conidiation and virulence. All phenotypic defects were restored by targeted gene complementation. The role of Bcest in pathogenicity was also supported by reverse transcriptase real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) results, which indicated that the melanin synthesis gene Bcpks13 and the virulence factor Bccdc14 were significantly downregulated in the early infection stage of the ΔBcest strain. Taken together, these results suggest that Bcest plays important roles in the regulation of various cellular processes in B. cinerea.
Composite fault diagnosis of traction motor of high-speed train based on support vector machine and sensor
Authors: Li Yanshu , Li Fang , Lu Chang , Fei Jiyou , Chang Baoxian
Published: February 2023

The body of high-speed train is the most closely related part with passengers in the process of train operation. Traction motor is not only the power source of high-speed train, it is also the basic unit form that can reflect the reliable and stable operation of high-speed trains. The running safety of the train can be effectively protected by diagnosing the traction fault of the train. Based on research data on the development process of high-speed rail,this paper introduces the importance and pertinence of this research. Based on the study of separable linear SVM and nonlinear SVM, the composite fault diagnosis for traction motor using SVM technology is realized.After discussing the actual faults of current sensor and position sensor and their causes, a dynamic model based on traction motor is established and its parameters are simulated. Finally, a diagnostic observer is designed based on an example to determine the sensitivity of the composite fault to the high-speed rail traction motor, and experiments are designed to verify the detection results. Finally, this paper concludes by describing,and then points out some deficiencies and shortcomings of the research, which guides the direction and lays the data foundation for the subsequent research work. This paper studies the load fault of traction motor through a comprehensive analysis of SVM and sensor technology, which improves the effectiveness and practical efficiency of fault detection.
Smart Presentation System Using Hand Gestures
Authors: Pustode Bhairavi , Pawar Vedant , Pawar Varun , Pawar Tejas , Pokale Samiksha
Published: February 2023

Presentations are crucial in many aspects of life. If you're a student, an employee, or if you are an entrepreneur, a businessperson, or an employee of a company, you must have presented presentations at eventually in your life. Sometimes, presentations lose vitality because you must use the keyboard or a specialized gadget to adjust and manage the slides. Our objective is to allow people to control the slideshow using hand gestures. The usage of gestures in human-computer interaction has drastically risen in recent years. The system has tried to govern numerous PowerPoint functionalities using hand movements. In this system, machine learning has been applied to recognize motions with tiny differences and map them using multiple libraries in Python. The rising hurdles to creating the optimal presentation are due to several aspects, including the slides, the keys to changing the slides, and the audience's calmness. An intelligent presentation system employing hand gestures gives a simple method to update or control the slides. There are several pauses during presentations to operate the presentation using the keyboard. The system's purpose is to enable users to use hand gestures to control and explore the slideshow. The technique employs machine learning to identify various hand gestures for many tasks. A recognition technique offers an interface for human system communication.
Computational Humor Recognition: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Kalloniatis Antony , Adamidis Panagiotis
Published: February 2023

Computational humor recognition is considered to be one of the hardest tasks in natural language processing (NLP) since humor is such a particularly complex emotion. There are very few recent studies that offer analysis of certain aspects of computational humor. However, there has been no attempt to study the empirical evidence on computational humor recognition in a systematic way. The aim of this research is to examine computational humor detection from four aspects: datasets, features and algorithms. Therefore, a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) is carried out to present in details the computational techniques for humor identification under these aspects. After posing some research questions, a total of 106 primary papers were recognized as relevant to the objectives of these questions and further detailed analysis was conducted. The study revealed that there is a great number of publicly available annotated humor datasets with many different types of humor instances. Twenty one (21) humor features have been carefully studied and research evidence of their use in humor computational detection is presented. Additionally, a classification of the humor detection approaches was performed and the results are submitted. Finally, the challenges of applying these techniques to humor recognition as well as promising future research directions are discussed.
Isolation, Characterization and Safety Assessment of Probiotic Lactic Acid Bacteria from Metata Ayib (Traditional Spiced Cottage Cheese)
Authors: Adugna Mulugojjam , Andualem Berhanu
Published: February 2023

(1) Background: Consumption of fermented foods and beverages has health benefits; fermented milk products in particular are thought to contain probiotics. The purpose of this study was to characterize probiotic property of lactic acid bacteria isolates from metata ayib.
(2) Methods: LAB isolates from metata ayib were isolated and purified for characterization of its probiotic activity.
(3) Results: A total of 80 LAB isolates were isolated and purified. The majority of isolates, 67 (83.75%), had bacilli shapes, and 59 (73.75%) were homofermentative. All 80 (100%) isolates were tolerated at pH 3.0 treated for three hours; but only 6 (7.5%) isolates were survived at pH 2.0. After 0.3 and 0.5% bile salt treatment for 24 hours, all 6 (7.5%) LAB isolates survived above 92.09±0.18 and 83.39±0.21%, respectively. All the 6 isolates were identified as Lactobacillus species; and all were hydrophobicity positive. K. pneumoniae was resistant but S. aureus was sensitive to all of six identified LAB isolates cell free supernatant. All 6 isolates were ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole and erythromycin-sensitive. Vancomycin resistance was present in four isolates. All these six Lactobacilli species were non-hemolytic, non-biogenic amine producing, and gelatin hydrolysis negative.
(4) Conclusion: Thus, Lactobacilli species isolated from metata ayib may be used as the suitable candidates of probiotics, and bio-therapeutics agents against bacterial infection to humans.
The reporting of study limitations and hedging in articles with and without causal diagrams
Authors: Cortes Taísa Rodrigues , Silveira Ismael Henrique , Schlussel Michael Maia , Werneck Guilherme Loureiro , Struchiner Claudio José
Published: February 2023

Causal directed acyclic graphs (DAG) are known to constitute a useful tool to improve the methodological and reporting quality of observational studies. At the same time, there are concerns that their (mis)use may lead to overconfident inferences. In this study, we investigate the reporting of study bias and limitations, and the use of hedging in articles with and without causal DAG. We performed a keyword search in two electronic databases (Medline and Web of Science) and one full-text repository (PubMed Central). The search strategy aimed to identify biomedical studies with an analytical observational design, that reported use of causal DAG. We selected a random sample of the articles that presented a graphic structure. We pair-matched individually 130 DAG with 130-Non-DAG papers on journal and issue. The number of research limitations acknowledged by the authors and of hedging terms per 100 words were analyzed using multiple linear regression models. From 2000 to 2020, we identified 2256 publications reporting the use of causal DAG, of which 1131 (50%) contained the actual graph structure. The number of study limitations acknowledged by the authors and the frequency of hedging were found to be similar in both samples. However, quantitative evaluations of study limitations were more frequently reported in studies with DAG (51 % vs. 25 %), while bias modeling techniques were uncommon in both groups (18% in DAG and 6% in non-DAG). In order to contextualize our findings, we used causal diagrams to discuss potential mechanisms for the communication of causal assumptions and related uncertainties in observational studies.
Unitarity cuts of the worldsheet
Authors: Eberhardt Lorenz , Mizera Sebastian
Published: February 2023

We compute the imaginary parts of genus-one string scattering
amplitudes. Following Witten’s i\varepsiloniε
prescription for the integration contour on the moduli space of
worldsheets, we give a general algorithm for computing unitarity cuts of
the annulus, Möbius strip, and torus topologies exactly in
\alpha'α′.
With the help of tropical analysis, we show how the intricate pattern of
thresholds (normal and anomalous) opening up arises from the worldsheet
computation. The result is a manifestly-convergent representation of the
imaginary parts of amplitudes, which has the analytic form expected from
Cutkosky rules in field theory, but bypasses the need for performing
laborious sums over the intermediate states. We use this representation
to study various physical aspects of string amplitudes, including their
behavior in the (s,t)(s,t)
plane, exponential suppression, decay widths of massive strings, total
cross section, and low-energy expansions. We find that planar annulus
amplitudes exhibit a version of low-spin dominance: at any finite
energy, only a finite number of low partial-wave spins give an
appreciable contribution to the imaginary part.
Non-standard neutrino spectra from annihilating neutralino dark matter
Authors: van Beekveld Melissa , Beenakker Wim , Caron Sascha , Kip Jochem , Ruiz de Austri Roberto , Zhang Zhongyi
Published: February 2023

Neutrino telescope experiments are rapidly becoming more competitive
in indirect detection searches for dark matter. Neutrino signals arising
from dark matter annihilations are typically assumed to originate from
the hadronisation and decay of Standard Model particles. Here we
showcase a supersymmetric model, the BLSSMIS, that can simultaneously
obey current experimental limits while still providing a potentially
observable non-standard neutrino spectrum from dark matter
annihilation.
DETECTION AND EXTRACTION OF VEGETATION AREA FROM SATELLITE IMAGES
Authors:   Associate Professor, Dept. of EIE, Dr.Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bangalore-560056, Karnataka, India., N. Sridevi , M. Prasannakumar ,   Assistant Professor, Dept. of EIE, Dr. Ambedkar Institute of Technology, Bangalore-560056, Karnataka, India.
Published: February 2023

The overall growth of the population and continuing migration to urban increases the demand to meet sustainability in the city. Further, urbanization increases the development of buildings and reduces vegetation. This study focuses on detection and extraction of vegetation in urban using image processing from high resolution satellite images. Here, in this paper four steps are used to detect the tree crown, Detection of the Vegetation area and masking of the Non-vegetation area, the clustering of the input image, The GLCM of Texture analysis algorithm is used to find the hard and smooth surface of the vegetation area in the image. Finally, vegetation area is extracted by using a region-based segmentation process.
LASERS IN OPHTHALMOLOGY
Authors:   Junior Resident, Department of Ophthamology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad., Meshram Ishwar , Choudhary Kashinath ,   Head of Department, Department of Ophthamology, Government Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad.
Published: February 2023

This article reviews the principle uses of ophthalmic lasers, providing historical background with an emphasis on new applications and areas of investigation. Ophthalmic photocoagulation was the first medical laser application and has restored or maintained vision in millions of people. The use of ophthalmic lasers is becoming increasingly widespread, with most eye departments now having at least one type of laser. Many patients are treated withlasers and many more request such treatment, even when it is not indicated. The indications for ophthalmic lasers are constantly changing as experience with established treatments increases and new equipment is developed.
EVOLUTION DES VARIABLES CLIMATIQUES ET OCCUPATION DU SOL A LECHELLE DU BASSIN VERSANT DE LA RIVIERE AGBADO AU BENIN
Authors:   Chaire Internationale de Physique Mathematique et Applications (CIPMA CHAIRE-UNESCO, FAST, UAC, Rep. du Benin)., Roch Ignace Vissoh , Ringo F. Avahounlin ,   Chaire Internationale de Physique Mathematique et Applications (CIPMA CHAIRE-UNESCO, FAST, UAC, Rep. du Benin).,   Ecole Normale Superieure (ENS, UNSTIM, Rep. duBenin)., A. Lucie Kouderin ,   Chaire Internationale de Physique Mathematique et Applications (CIPMA CHAIRE-UNESCO, FAST, UAC, Rep. du Benin)., Gilbert Danhossou ,   Chaire Internationale de Physique Mathematique et Applications (CIPMA CHAIRE-UNESCO, FAST, UAC, Rep. du Benin)., Josaphat Avahounlin ,   Chaire Internationale de Physique Mathematique et Applications (CIPMA CHAIRE-UNESCO, FAST, UAC, Rep. du Benin).
Published: February 2023

This study aims to understand the evolution of climate variables and land use across the Agbado River watershed. The methodological approach is based on the collection and analysis of climatological and hydrometric data from 1986 to 2016 as well as land occupation supplemented by field investigations. It shows that the Agbado River Basin has experienced rainfall variability since 1986, characterized by alternating surplus and deficit years. Also, the study environment is generally characterized by low and medium floods over the study period. As a result, we note that the area of fields and fallow has experienced a strong growth from 76060 ha in 2006 to 424791 Ha, an increase of about 348731 ha in 10 years. The same applies to agglomerations, which increased their area from 7353 ha in 2006 to 9678 ha in 2016, an increase of 2325 ha.
INTRODUCTION OF PROBLEM BASED LEARNING IN MICROBIOLOGY TEACHING TO UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS
Authors:   Professor & Head, Microbiology Department, GMERS Medical College, Vadnagar, Gujarat, India 384355., B. Prajapati Swetaben , Rajat Rakesh ,   Associate Professor, Microbiology Department, GMERS Medical College, Vadnagar, Gujarat, India 384355., Raval Payal ,   Assistant Professor, Microbiology Department, GMERS Medical College, Vadnagar, Gujarat, India 384355., Chauhan Komal ,   Tutor, Microbiology Department, GMERS Medical College, Vadnagar, Gujarat, India 384355., Oza Sunil ,   Professor & Head, Anatomy Department, GMERS Medical College, Vadnagar, Gujarat, India 384355.
Published: February 2023

Background: Problem Based Learning [PBL] is one of the approaches which use learning material to help students learn, and apply knowledge. Objectives:1] To develop and implement PBL. 2] To compare performance of second year MBBS students exposed to PBL and lecture-based learning.3] To collect feedbacks and analyses the perception. Methodology: Second year MBBS students who gave consent were enrolled in this study. In total 4 groups of 8 students each were formed. One group was taught by the traditional learning approach while problem-based learning was conducted for the other 3 groups on the same topic. At the end of sessions, the performance of the all the groups was evaluated by Post-test. The perception of students towards PBL was obtained through feedback Result: The post test score among PBL groups students were higher as compared to Traditional Lecture based group students. The PBL experimental and traditional lecture control groups differed in their mean post-test scores (P < 0.05), wherein the PBL group showed higher scores than the Traditional Lecture group. In present study, 100% Students believed that PBL helped the students to clear basic concepts of microbiology and 91% felt that PBL improved their self-study skills. Conclusion: PBL is effective teaching method in comparison to traditionallecture based teaching method.
PREVALENCE, PREDICTORS AND PROFILE OF MALNUTRITION IN CHILDREN WITH CONGENITAL HEART DEFECTS
Authors:   Department of Paediatrics, GMC Srinagar., Mohd Ummer , Ahmad Wani Khurshid ,   Department of Paediatrics, GMC Srinagar., Bashir Amber ,   Department of Paediatrics, GMC Srinagar., Kanth Anzeen ,   Department of Paediatrics, GMC Srinagar., Jan Muzaffar ,   Department of Paediatrics, GMC Srinagar.
Published: February 2023

Background: Malnutrition in children with congenital heart defects [CHDs] has been linked to increased morbidity and mortality as indicated by frequent hospitalisation, poor surgical outcomes, persistent impairment of somatic growth and increased death. All types of malnutrition, and severe forms in particular, contribute to mortality in childhood. There is strong evidence that poor growth [ malnutrition] is associated with delayed mental development and poor school performance.The mechanisms for growth deficiency in CHD are multifactorialand include associated chromosomal anomalies/ genetic syndromes, inadequate nutritional intake due to feeding difficulties, and poor absorption of nutrients from digestive tract in chronic congestive heart failure. Also increased calories are required to sustain the increased myocardial, respiratory and neuro-humoral functions in CHD-related heart failure. Chronic CHF and chronic hypoxemia in CHD impair cellular metabolism and cell growth. Other mechanisms of growth deficiency in CHD have been reported.The WHO recommends the WHO/National Center for Health Statistics [NCHS] growth standards for nutrition surveys.The present study aims to describe the prevalence, profile and predictors of malnutrition using recommended case definitions.The findings of present study could be applied to current and future paediatric cardiac care practice. Aims And Objectives: To investigate the prevalence, profile, predictors and epidemiological pattern of malnutrition in children with congenital heart defects. Materials And Methods: This was a Case-control, observational study which was conducted in post graduate department of paediatrics GB Pant Children Hospital on all patients above 6 months of age admitted in the hospital as cases of congenital heart defects and controls will include the patients with minor ailments admitted for short stay. Study was conducted between December 2020-November 2022 Stastical Analysis: Data was entered in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet. Categorical variables were summarized as frequency and percentage. Continuous variables were summarized as mean and SD. Results: The study was conducted on two hundred and fifty cases of CHD. The detected cardiac anomalies were classified as acyanotic heart diseases (n=163 65%) and cyanotic heart diseases (n=87 35%). The prevalence of CHD-related malnutrition was 90% as compared to 21.2% in the control patients with 63.3% of cases having severe malnutrition. Among cases, the relative proportions of wasting, stunting and underweight were 40.8%, 28.8% and 20.8%, respectively. Wasting was proportionately higher (58.3%) in acyanotic CHD, while stunting was predominant (67.8%) in cyanotic CHD (p=0.0001).
INFLUENCE OF SUBJECTIVE FACTORS OVER HYGIENE HABITS OF COMPLETE DENTURE WEARERS
Authors:   Associate Professor, Department of Prosthetic Dental Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria., Pavlova Zhanina
Published: February 2023

Background: Hygiene of the complete dentures is closely related to the oral and general health status of patients. Different factors can impact hygiene habits of complete denture wearers.There not agreement of opinion about the most significant subjective factor. The aim of this research was to study the hygiene habits of the complete denture wearers and the influence of some factors as age, sex and education over patients behaviour. Material and Method: Subjects of observation in the study were 110 (48 men and 62 women) complete dentures wearers, aged 52 to 84. Questionnaire and information leaflet were created. The questionnaire contained 16 questions concerning the manners for hygiene maintenance of dentures and oral cavity, the sources of the information about the hygiene care and the score of the leaflet by the patient. Results: Washing dentures with water, soap and toothbrush was reported as preferred method for cleaning (32.73%).42.73% of participants were not provided with information about hygiene care for dentures. Significant correlation was established between patients education and: method for hygiene maintenance of the dentures (r = 0.5754) hygiene care of the oral cavity (r = 0.6395) use of additional means for disinfection of dentures (r = 0.6489). Conclusion: Within the range of this study we could conclude that the education is the more significant factor that impacts patients hygiene habits. The age is not determinative factor, whereas the sex of patients can impact their choice of methods and the frequency of hygiene procedures.
SILDENAFIL INDUCED PSYCHOSIS: A RARE CASE REPORT
Authors:   Senior Resident, Department of Psychiatry, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi., Gupta Dimple , Ambaliya Chirag ,   Senior Resident, Department of Psychiatry, Govt Medical College, Bhavnagar.
Published: February 2023

Sildenafil citrate is a commonly used medication for the management of erectile dysfunction. Previous studies have reported psychiatric side effects of this medication. So far, there has been paucity of literature. We present the case of a 42-year-old male, without a known psychiatric history, who developed psychotic symptoms following initiation of sildenafil. We also tried postulating a mechanism by which this may occur. This report highlights the importance of watchful observation for the occurrence of this rare but serious side effect. Further studies are needed to know the exact mechanism that causes sildenafil-induced psychosis.