bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nexus between foreign direct investment and economic growth in Bangladesh: an augmented autoregressive distributed lag bounds testing approach
Authors: Sarker Bibhuti , Khan Farid
Published: February 2020

The relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows and economic growth in host countries is a heavily debated issue. Although some studies have found evidence of the positive impact of FDI on economic growth, others have revealed the opposite result. Studies that examined the causality between FDI and gross domestic product (GDP) also have found evidence of unidirectional causality and, in some cases, a bidirectional causality. This study investigated the causal nexus between FDI and GDP in Bangladesh by employing standard time-series econometric tools, namely, augmented Dickey-Fuller, augmented Dickey-Fuller generalized least square, Kwiatkowski-Phillips-Schmidt-Shin, and Lee-Strazicich unit root tests to check stationarity, augmented autoregressive distributed lag (augmented ARDL) bounds testing approach to check cointegration, and Granger causality to explore the direction of causality. The augmented ARDL model found a long-run relationship between FDI and GDP. In addition, the error correction model and Granger causality results indicated the presence of a unidirectional causality running from GDP to FDI.
Distributed ledger technology for securities clearing and settlement: benefits, risks, and regulatory implications
Authors: Priem Randy
Published: February 2020

This article outlines the benefits and risks of the distributed ledger technology (DLT) for the clearing and settlement of exchange-traded and OTC securities, followed by a description of the technology’s potential role for central counterparties and central securities depositories. Although the industry and scholars are attempting to solve the technological and operational issues that DLT systems still face, outstanding legal risks are such that the financial industry is asking for more regulatory guidance and intervention. This article wants to contribute to the public policy debate by presenting potential regulatory barriers that may have to be removed for DLT to be fully adopted. In addition, it identifies areas requiring an update of the legal framework in order to address certain prudential and conduct risks that this technology could introduce.
Abnormal behaviors during sleep from the viewpoint of sleep epileptology: current and future perspectives on diagnosis
Authors: Chiba Shigeru
Published: February 2020

Abnormal behaviors during sleep (ABDS) exhibit a myriad of symptoms. Their underlying diseases are also diverse, which include NREM/REM-related parasomnias, epilepsy and mental disorders. Since ABDS may severely affect a patient’s quality of life, giving an early and accurate diagnosis of the underlying disease (by analyzing video-polysomnographic data during the manifestation of ABDS) is of great importance. However, accurate diagnosis of ABDS is rather difficult. Recently it has been suggested that the pathology of (NREM/REM-related) parasomnias and epilepsy are closely related. In order to unravel the pathophysiological substrate of ABDS, it is essential to develop a novel approach based on sleep epileptology, a field which targets the interface between sleep medicine and epileptology.
Determining the effective number and surfaces of teeth for forensic dental identification through the 3D point cloud data analysis
Authors: Kurniawan Arofi , Yodokawa Kouya , Kosaka Moe , Ito Koichi , Sasaki Keiichi , Aoki Takafumi , Suzuki Toshihiko
Published: February 2020

Background

The assimilation between three-dimensional (3D) imaging techniques and dental forensic science can provide rich and stable information for human identification. This study aimed to determine the effective number and surfaces of teeth for dental identification through the 3D imaging approach.

Material and methods

In the present study, maxillary dental casts were fabricated from subjects who met the inclusion criteria and scanned using a 3D scanner Vivid 910. Rapidform XOS/SCAN software was used to create and trim the 3D point cloud data. Subsequently, two types of 3D surface data of dental casts were registered and the root mean square errors (RMSEs) between subjects were calculated using iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm in MATLAB. Two sets of experiments with 120 combinations of the superimposed 3D dataset were designed, termed as experiments 1 and 2.

Results

In experiment 1, the difference between subjects was clearly distinguished with a minimum of six teeth of the dental arch. The results of experiment 2 suggest that the labial surfaces of the anterior teeth are sufficient to be used for dental identification.

Conclusion

Through these experiments for all possible pairs of subjects, a clear difference was observed in the RMSE between the genuine and imposter pairs. These results indicate the potential of using the 3D imaging technique to achieve highly accurate human identification. It is suggested that a future study with a larger sample number will evaluate the robustness and accuracy of this method.
Imaging of sino-nasal inverted papilloma: How can we emphasize the usefulness of the “striated pattern” sign?
Authors: Eid Mohamed , Eissa Lamya
Published: February 2020

Background

Inverted papilloma (IP) is an uncommon sino-nasal neoplasm with potentially distinctive MRI and CT features. The MR “striated” imaging pattern has been reported as a valuable MR imaging feature of IP. The purpose of this study was to validate the usefulness of this sign using detailed criteria of the sign itself.

Results

All imaging findings were described for 16 patients in descriptive pattern. The nasal involvement showed highest prevalence followed by the maxillary sinus. The bony changes include remodeling and defects (n= 6), remodeling only (n= 4), and None (n= 6). Changes were severe 1/10, moderate in 3/10, and mild 5/10. Focal hyperostosis was seen in six. A striated pattern was “diffuse” in all 16 (100%) of the IPs; it followed acertain directionin all 16 patients: divergent (n= 6), convoluted (n= 2), and parallel (n= 8). Divergent growth from focal hyperostosis was seen (n= 4). Visibility of the sign was superior in T2 images (n= 11), superior in enhanced images (n= 3), and equal in both (n= 2).

Conclusions

The striated pattern is a reliable MR imaging feature of sino-nasal IPs. Validity and usefulness of this sign can be emphasized by defining parameters of the signs itself including the following: diffusivity, direction of striations and relation to hyperostosis, and comparing visibility in both T2 and GAD-enhanced images, as well as combining this imaging signature with remolding bony changes < 1.5.
Cardiac abnormalities identified with echocardiography in anorexia nervosa: systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Smythe Jodie , Colebourn Claire , Prisco Lara , Petrinic Tatjana , Leeson Paul
Published: February 2020

Background

Anorexia nervosa affects most organ systems, with 80% suffering from cardiovascular complications.

Aims

To define echocardiographic abnormalities in anorexia nervosa through systematic review and meta-analysis.

Method

Two reviewers independently assessed eligibility of publications from Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews registries. Studies were included if anorexia nervosa was the primary eating disorder and the main clinical association in described cardiac abnormalities. Data was extracted in duplicate and quality-assessed with a modified Newcastle–Ottawa scale. For continuous outcomes we calculated mean and standardised mean difference (SMD), and corresponding 95% confidence interval. For dichotomous outcomes we calculated proportion and corresponding 95% confidence interval. For qualitative data we summarised the studies.

Results

We identified 23 eligible studies totalling 960 patients, with a mean age of 17 years and mean body mass index of 15.2 kg/m2. Fourteen studies (469 participants) reported data suitable for meta-analysis. Cardiac abnormalities seen in anorexia nervosa compared with healthy controls were reduced left ventricular mass (SMD 1.82, 95% CI 1.32–2.31, P < 0.001), reduced cardiac output (SMD 1.92, 95% CI 1.38–2.45, P < 0.001), increased E/A ratio (SMD −1.10, 95% CI −1.67 to −0.54, P < 0.001), and increased incidence of pericardial effusions (25% of patients, P < 0.01, 95% CI 17–34%, I2 = 80%). Trends toward improvement were seen with weight restoration.

Conclusions

Patients with anorexia nervosa have structural and functional cardiac changes, identifiable with echocardiography. Further work should determine whether echocardiography can help stratify severity and guide safe patient location, management and effectiveness of nutritional rehabilitation.
Adolescent residential mobility, genetic liability and risk of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression
Authors: Paksarian Diana , Trabjerg Betina B. , Merikangas Kathleen R. , Mors Ole , Børglum Anders D. , Hougaard David M. , Nordentoft Merete , Werge Thomas , Pedersen Carsten B. , Mortensen Preben B. , Agerbo Esben , Horsdal Henriette Thisted
Published: February 2020

Background

Residential mobility during upbringing, and especially adolescence, is associated with multiple negative mental health outcomes. However, whether associations are confounded by unmeasured familial factors, including genetic liability, is unclear.

Aims

We used a population-based case–cohort study to assess whether polygenic risk scores (PRSs) for schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression were associated with mobility from ages 10–14 years, and whether PRS and parental history of mental disorder together explained associations between mobility and each disorder.

Method

Information on cases (n = 4207 schizophrenia, n = 1402 bipolar disorder, n = 18 215 major depression) and a random population sample (n = 17 582), born 1981–1997, was linked between Danish civil and psychiatric registries. Genome-wide data were obtained from the Danish Neonatal Screening Biobank and PRSs were calculated based on results of separate, large meta-analyses.

Results

PRSs for schizophrenia and major depression were weakly associated with moving once (odds ratio 1.07, 95% CI 1.00–1.16; and odds ratio 1.10, 95% CI 1.04–1.17, respectively), but not twice or three or more times. Mobility was positively associated with each disorder, with more moves associated with greater risk. Adjustment for PRS produced slight reductions in the magnitude of associations. Adjustment for PRS and parental history of mental disorder together reduced estimates by 5–11%. In fully adjusted models mobility was associated with all three disorders; hazard ratios ranged from 1.33 (95% CI 1.08–1.62; one move and bipolar disorder) to 3.05 (95% CI 1.92–4.86; three or more moves and bipolar disorder).

Conclusions

Associations of mobility with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression do not appear to be attributable to genetic liability as measured here. Potential familial confounding of mobility associations may be predominantly environmental in nature.
Multicenter Evaluation of the Quantra QPlus System in Adult Patients Undergoing Major Surgical Procedures
Authors: Groves Danja S. , Welsby Ian J. , Naik Bhiken I. , Tanaka Kenichi , Hauck Jennifer N. , Greenberg Charles S. , Winegar Deborah A. , Viola Francesco
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND:

The management of perioperative bleeding and the optimization of the available therapies are subjects of significant clinical interest. Clinical guidelines recommend the use of whole blood viscoelastic testing devices to target the utilization of blood products during major surgical procedures. The Quantra QPlus System is a new cartridge-based viscoelastic testing device based on an innovative ultrasound technology. The aim of this study was to evaluate this new system in a surgical population.

METHODS:

Two hundred seventy-seven adult subjects were enrolled in a multicenter, prospective observational study consisting primarily of patients undergoing cardiac and major orthopedic surgeries. Samples were obtained at multiple time points for testing on the Quantra QPlus System, the rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) delta, and standard coagulation tests. Quantra measurements included Clot Time (CT), Heparinase Clot Time (CTH), Clot Time Ratio (CTR), Clot Stiffness (CS), Fibrinogen (FCS), and Platelet (PCS) Contributions to CS. Data analyses included assessment of the concordance of Quantra parameters with a series of clinical composite indexes formed on the basis of standard coagulation tests in 3 domains representing increased, decreased, and normal/subclinical coagulation function. Linear regression and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analyses of Quantra parameters with corresponding parameters from ROTEM assays were also performed.

RESULTS:

The accuracy (overall percent agreement or ratio of true positives and true negatives over the entire population) between the Quantra and the composite indexes was between 72% and 98% depending on the specific parameter. Linear regression analysis indicated that the correlation between ROTEM delta and Quantra was very strong with r values ranging between 0.84 and 0.89. Results from ROC analysis demonstrated sensitivities and specificities in the 80%–90% range when QPlus parameters were used to discriminate ROTEM threshold values currently used in goal-directed treatment algorithms.

CONCLUSIONS:

This study demonstrated that the Quantra QPlus System is strongly correlated with a well-established viscoelastic testing device and its parameters effectively represent the results from multiple standard laboratory assays. The Quantra has been designed to operate at the point of care with the potential to provide rapid and comprehensive results to aid in the management of coagulopathic patients.
Decline of Pediatric Ambulatory Surgery Cases Performed at Florida General Hospitals Between 2010 and 2018: An Historical Cohort Study
Authors: Dexter Franklin , Epstein Richard H. , Rodriguez Luis I.
Published: February 2020

BACKGROUND:

In the province of Ontario, nonphysiologically complex surgical procedures have increased at 4 pediatric hospitals with a reciprocal decline among the other (general) hospitals performing pediatric surgery. Given the differences between the Canadian and US health systems, we studied whether a similar shift occurred in the state of Florida and examined the age dependence of the shift.

METHODS:

We used outpatient pediatric surgery data from all nonfederal hospitals, hospital-owned facilities, and independent ambulatory surgery centers in Florida, 2010–2018. Inferential analyses were performed comparing 2010–2011 with 2017–2018. Annual caseloads are reported as cases per workday by dividing by 250 workdays per year.

RESULTS:

Statewide, comparing 2010–2011 with 2017–2018, among children 1–17 years, pediatric hospitals’ caseload increased overall by 50.7 cases per workday, overall meaning collectively among all hospitals combined. The caseload at general hospitals and ambulatory surgery centers, combined, decreased by 97.7 cases per workday. The general hospitals performed 54.7 fewer cases per workday. Among the 112 general hospitals, the mean pairwise decline was −0.49 cases per workday (99% confidence interval, −0.87 to −0.10; P < .0001). The changes were due to multiple categories of procedures, not just a few.

 Comparing 2010–2011 with 2017–2018, among 3 age cohorts (1–5, 6–12, and 13–17 years), the pediatric hospitals, statewide, performed overall 16.2, 15.1, and 19.3 more cases per workday, respectively. The general hospitals and ambulatory surgery centers, combined, performed fewer cases per workday for each cohort: 49.4, 21.4, and 26.9, respectively. The general hospitals overall performed fewer cases per workday for each cohort: 27.3, 12.1, and 15.4, respectively. Among general hospitals, the mean pairwise difference in the declines between patients 1–5 years vs 6–17 years was 0.00 cases per workday (99% confidence interval, −0.13 to +0.14).

CONCLUSIONS:

The decline across all age groups was inconsistent with multiple general hospitals increasing their minimum age threshold for surgical patients because, otherwise, the younger patients would have accounted for a larger share of the decreases in caseload. Pediatric hospitals and their anesthesiologists have greater surgical growth than expected from population demographics. Many general hospitals can expect either needing fewer pediatric anesthesiologists or that their pediatric anesthesiologists, who also care for adults, will have smaller proportions of pediatric patients in their practices.
Assessing intracellular pH regulation in H+-ATPase-rich ionocytes in zebrafish larvae using in vivo ratiometric imaging
Authors: Yew H. M. , Zimmer A. M. , Perry S. F.
Published: February 2020

The H+-ATPase rich (HR) cells of zebrafish larvae are a sub-type of ion-transporting cell located on the yolk sac epithelium that are responsible for Na+ uptake and H+ extrusion. Current models of HR cell ion transport mechanisms in zebrafish larvae are well established, but little is known about the involvement of the various ion transport pathways in regulating intracellular acid-base status. Here, a ratiometric imaging technique was developed and validated to monitor intracellular pH (pHi) continuously in larval zebrafish HR cells in vivo. Gene knockdown or CRISPR/Cas9 knockout approaches were used to evaluate the roles of the two principal apical membrane acid excretory pathways, the Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE3b; slc9a3.2) and the H+-ATPase (atpv1aa). Additionally, the role of HR cell cytosolic carbonic anhydrase (CAc) was investigated because of its presumed role in providing H+ for Na+/H+ exchange and H+-ATPase. The temporal pattern and extent of intracellular acidification during exposure of fish to 1% CO2 and the extent of post-CO2 alkalization were altered markedly in fish experiencing knockdown/knockout of CAc, NHE3b or H+-ATPase. Although there were slight differences among the three knockdown/knockout experiments, the typical response was a greater degree of intracellular acidification during CO2 exposure and a reduced capacity to restore pHi to baseline levels post-hypercapnia. The metabolic alkalosis and subsequent acidification associated with 20 mM NH4Cl exposure and its washout were largely unaffected by gene knockdown. Overall, the results suggest markedly different mechanisms of intracellular acid-base regulation in zebrafish HR cells depending on the nature of the acid-base disturbance.
Honeybees fail to discriminate floral scents in a complex learning task after consuming a neonicotinoid pesticide
Authors: Mustard Julie A. , Gott Anne , Scott Jennifer , Chavarria Nancy L. , Wright Geraldine A.
Published: February 2020

Neonicotinoids are pesticides used to protect crops but with known secondary influences at sublethal doses on bees. Honeybees use their sense of smell to identify the queen and nestmates, to signal danger and to distinguish flowers during foraging. Few behavioural studies to date have examined how neonicotinoid pesticides affect the ability of bees to distinguish odours. Here, we use a differential learning task to test how neonicotinoid exposure affects learning, memory, and olfactory perception in foraging-age honeybees. Bees fed with thiamethoxam could not perform differential learning and could not distinguish odours during short and long-term memory tests. Our data indicate that thiamethoxam directly impacts the cognitive processes involved in working memory required during differential olfactory learning. Using a combination of behavioural assays, we also identified that thiamethoxam has a direct impact on the olfactory perception of similar odours. Honeybees fed with other neonicotinoids (clothianidin, imidacloprid, dinotefuran) performed the differential learning task, but at a slower rate than the control. These bees could also distinguish the odours. Our data are the first to show that neonicotinoids have compound specific effects on the ability of bees to perform a complex olfactory learning task. Deficits in decision-making caused by thiamethoxam exposure could be more harmful than other neonicotinoids, leading to inefficient foraging and a reduced ability to identify nest mates.
Optimizing Health, Wellness, and Performance of the Tactical Athlete
Authors: Wise Sean R. , Trigg Steven D.
Published: February 2020

Tactical athletes are individuals in service occupations with significant physical fitness and performance requirements such as law enforcement, firefighters, emergency responders, and military service members. Tactical athletes also may have specific administrative requirements related to documenting physical injuries. Musculoskeletal injuries are a large burden on the tactical athlete population, with incident rates varying based on the specific profession. Chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS) is difficult to manage in the tactical athlete population due to their limited ability to reduce impact activities and poor surgical outcomes. Botulinum neurotoxin-A and gait retraining show promise as alternative treatments for CECS. Heat injuries are frequent in the tactical athlete populations, and a graduated return to play process helps to prevent morbidity. Management of musculoskeletal injuries in tactical athletes requires consideration of operational schedules and adequate reconditioning, in addition to traditional injury evaluation.
Is the Normal Shoulder Rotation Strength Ratio Altered in Elite Swimmers?
Authors: BOETTCHER CRAIG , HALAKI MARK , HOLT KYLIE , GINN KAREN A.
Published: February 2020

Introduction

It is commonly believed that the shoulder external rotation (ER) to internal rotation (IR) strength ratio is decreased in swimmers due to predominant IR loading during the pull-through (propulsive) phase which predisposes to shoulder pain. However, the evidence supporting this hypothesis is inconclusive. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine shoulder rotation strength parameters in elite swimmers and investigate potential associations with shoulder pain.

Methods

Sixty-eight (40 men; age, 19.9 ± 3.2 yr) elite swimmers provided demographic and shoulder pain history data before measurement of shoulder rotation strength. Mixed model analyses were used to examine differences in shoulder IR and ER strength normalized to body weight (BW) and the shoulder rotation strength ratio. A multinomial logistic regression model was utilized to examine associations between shoulder rotation strength parameters and shoulder pain.

Results

Mean shoulder IR strength (BW) was approximately 0.29 for male swimmers and 0.26 for female swimmers. Mean shoulder ER strength (BW) was approximately 0.19 for male swimmers and 0.18 for female swimmer. The shoulder ER/IR strength ratio was approximately 0.70 bilaterally for all swimmers. There were no significant differences between dominant and nondominant shoulders in IR or ER strength normalized to BW (P ≥ 0.547). There were no associations between any shoulder strength parameters and shoulder pain (r
2 = 0.032, P = 0.107).

Conclusions

Despite the high IR loading, optimal swimming technique does not alter the normal ER/IR strength ratio at the shoulder. Elite swimmers who report current or a history of shoulder pain demonstrate normal shoulder rotation strength ratios. The finding of symmetrical shoulder rotation strength points to side-to-side strength comparisons as a valuable clinical tool in managing swimmers with unilateral shoulder pain.
Appropriate reduction of the fragmentation level of subfield sequences to improve the accuracy of field delivery in IMRT for nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Sun Yanze , Zhou Gang , Zhu Yaqun , Zou Li , Tian Ye
Published: February 2020

Objective:

Due to the influence of gravity, inertia and friction, there will be deviation between the position of multileaf collimator (MLC) in the delivered field and the initial intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) plan. This study explores the effects of the fragmentation level of subfield sequences on this deviation and seeks ways to improve the accuracy of field delivery in IMRT for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods:

30 patients with NPC were selected, and two groups (groups A and B) of IMRT plans were made in Pinnacle planning system. Different planning parameters were used for optimization so that the subfield sequence fragmentation level of Group B was significantly lower than that of Group A. With the MapCheck2, verification plan was implemented in two ways: 0o gantry angle and the actual treatment angle, then the differences between the two verification results of each group plan were analyzed.

Results:

The γ-passing rate verified at the actual treatment angle was lower than that of 0o gantry angle for each group plan, whereas the Group B plan shows small reduction. Mean change value (Δ) was decreased from 1.01% (Group A) to 0.40% (Group B) with 3%/3 mm criteria and 2.88% (Group A) to 1.52% (Group B) with 2%/2 mm criteria, respectively. The smaller the difference (Δ), the actual output dose of the field is more consistent with the original plan. There was no significant correlation between this change and the angle of the field.

Conclusion:

Appropriately reducing the fragmentation level of subfield sequence can reduce the effect of field angle on MLC position and improve the delivery accuracy of IMRT plan.

Advances in knowledge:

The fragmentation level of the subfield sequence may have an impact on the accuracy of the delivery of the plan. This study demonstrates this assumption by comparing the differences between 0° and actual angle verification. Mean change value (Δ) was decreased from Group A to Group B. The smaller the difference (Δ), the actual output dose of the field is more consistent with the original plan. The result of this study may help us to understand that appropriately increasing the subfield area and reducing the fragmentation level of the subfield sequence can reduce the difference between the two verification results, which can further improve the accuracy of the plan delivery in IMRT and tumor treatment.
Uso de corticoides por cirurgiões bucomaxilofaciais do Brasil
Authors: Gerino Jéssika de Araújo , Oliveira Neto Elício Fagundes de , Ferreira Lorena Mendonça , Cangussu Maria Cristina Teixeira , Sardinha Sandra de Cássia Santana , Cavalcante Weber Céo
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: verificar a frequência, os tipos e os momentos em que os corticoides são utilizados nos procedimentos como cirurgias de dentes inclusos, cirurgias de instalação de implantes, cirurgias reconstrutivas para implantes, cirurgias ortognáticas, cirurgias de trauma de face e cirurgias de patologias realizadas por especialistas em Cirurgia e Traumatologia Bucomaxilo-Facial (CTBMF) do Brasil. Métodos: O estudo foi realizado mediante uma pesquisa quantitativa em que se utilizou um questionário composto por 25 perguntas aplicado a 70 especialistas em Cirurgia e Traumatologia Bucomaxilofacial que compareceram a um evento científico do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgia e Traumatologia BucoMaxiloFacial. Resultados: a utilização de corticoides foi frequente em todos os procedimentos investigados no questionário, principalmente nas cirurgias ortognáticas em que 100% dos participantes confirmaram o uso. A variação nos regimes de uso de corticoides foi significativa. Constatou-se o uso de diferentes tipos de corticoides, sendo a dexametasona o fármaco que prevaleceu. Quanto às doses, percebeu-se, também, grande variação entre as respostas. Conclusão: em geral, os corticoides, da forma como são, frequentemente, administrados pelos cirurgiões bucomaxilofaciais nos diversos procedimentos cirúrgicos, parecem ser seguros, sobretudo no pré-operatório de cirurgias ortognáticas; porém, sua efetividade pós-operatória ainda é questionável
OS JOVENS MILITARES SÃO ALFABETIZADOS FINANCEIRAMENTE? ESTUDO EM UMA ORGANIZAÇÃO DA FRONTEIRA GAÚCHA
Authors: Zuliani André Luis Baumhardt , Flores Silvia Amélia Mendonça , Floriano Mikaela Daiane Prestes , Josende Ana Carolina , Ramos Thadeu José Francisco
Published: February 2020

Levando em consideração a existência de uma lacuna educacional, o presente artigo teve como objetivo estimar o nível de alfabetização financeira dos militares de uma Organização Militar da fronteira gaúcha. Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo descritivo, de abordagem quantitativa, usando o método do tipo Survey. Os dados desta pesquisa foram coletados com um instrumento e uma metodologia de mensuração já validada anteriormente. Os resultados encontrados sugerem que a maior parte dos respondentes apresenta um baixo nível de alfabetização financeira. E, ainda, que a dimensão das atitudes pouco influi na formação dos níveis de alfabetização financeira. Foi possível, também, verificar a relação direta entre conhecimentos financeiros e comportamentos financeiros. Os achados reforçam a necessidade de implementação de programas rígidos de alfabetização financeira à população em geral, de forma a ampliar o alcance da Estratégia Nacional de Educação Financeira (ENEF).
GESTÃO DO CONHECIMENTO, CULTURA ORGANIZACIONAL E GESTÃO DE PESSOAS COM A GESTÃO DE PROCESSOS E QUESTÕES ORGANIZACIONAIS EMERGENTES: UMA ANÁLISE CRÍTICA DA DINÂMICA SUBJETIVA EM GESTÃO POR PROCESSOS (BP)
Authors: Oliveira Denis Renato , Passador João Luiz , Padua Silvia Ines Dallavalle de , Andrade Diego César Terra de
Published: February 2020

A maioria dos trabalhos desenvolvidos em gestão por processos tem-se limitado a explorar os problemas da relação entre a organização funcional e a perspectiva de processo com ênfase nos aspectos técnicos de sua aplicação. A literatura de base conceitual que versa sobre os aspectos humanos contemplados em sua operacionalização ainda é insipiente (TARHAN; TURETKEN; REIJERS, 2016). Tendo em vista a importância da dinâmica subjetiva no processo de análise organizacional, objetiva-se promover uma discussão teórica sobre a relação entre gestão por processos, cultura organizacional e gestão do conhecimento, concentrando esforços no entendimento das relações humanas que podem influenciar o desempenho organizacional. Conclusivamente, há fortes indícios de que, apesar dos altos investimentos e sofisticação dos sistemas, a abordagem do empurrar, comumente adotada, não gera valor aos negócios da organização. O problema fundamental reside no modelo subjacente, mecânico, de processamento de informação, que se adota na gestão do conhecimento. Este nega a natureza socialmente construída do conhecimento. Nesse sentido, a gestão de processos intensiva em conhecimento confirma uma necessidade emergente de adoção da estratégia de “puxar” como modelo de gestão, uma vez que ela incorpora processos organizacionais baseados na combinação sinérgica de dados e a capacidade de processamento das informações pela tecnologia, as quais são suportadas pela capacidade criativa e inovadora dos seres humanos.
ENGAJAMENTO NO TRABALHO: ANÁLISE BIBLIOMÉTRICA DA PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA INTERNACIONAL
Authors: Fiorentin Bruna Eduarda , Stefano Silvio Roberto , Santos Juliana De Souza
Published: February 2020

Em face das inúmeras mudanças na gestão de pessoas nas empresas, o engajamento do trabalho ganha importância como fator de motivação intrínseca, caracterizada por um alto nível de energia e uma forte identificação com o próprio trabalho. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo principal desenvolver uma análise bibliométrica da produção de artigos internacionais sobre o tema, disponíveis nas bases Periódicos Capes e Scopus, no período de 2008-2018. Foram identificados, preliminarmente, 112 artigos, dos quais 20 foram efetivamente analisados, considerando artigos acima de 150 citações em outras pesquisas. Conclui-se que, nas publicações internacionais, há uma predominância de estudos de autores holandeses, artigos de abordagem quantitativa, em revistas sobre administração, gestão e psicologia, visando definir as correlações de engajamento no trabalho com outros construtos da área de gestão de pessoas.
ATIPICIDADES EM GRUPOS DE PESQUISA DOS INSTITUTOS FEDERAIS DO RIO DE JANEIRO – LEVANTAMENTO DOS QUANTITATIVOS EM 2018 DE ACORDO OS CRITÉRIOS DA CNPQ
Authors: Miano Vitor Yoshihara , Couto Cássio Luís Pasin do , Castello Guilherme Veloso , Ramos Allan Rodrigues
Published: February 2020

A quantidade de grupos de pesquisa dos Institutos Federais no estado do Rio de Janeiro teve um crescimento significativo nos últimos anos. No entanto, apesar dessa evolução, são necessárias avaliações de caráter qualitativo do panorama de pesquisa da Rede. Uma das formas de se avaliar isso é por meio dos critérios de atipicidade definidos pelo CNPq. Neste trabalho, foram caracterizados os grupos de pesquisa das Escolas Técnicas do RJ, Cefet-RJ, IFF e IFRJ, em relação às suas atipicidades. Os resultados, obtidos mediante de levantamento documental, análise de distribuições de frequência e estatística descritiva simples, permitiram identificar um alto grau de atipicidade dos grupos de pesquisa dessas instituições. As análises permitiram ordenar os critérios de atipicidades por maior frequência, o que destacou pontos em comum entre as organizações. Ao final, há sugestões para análise qualitativa as quais são realizadas pelos grupos de pesquisa.
Toward a paradigm shift from deficit-based to proactive speech and language treatment: Randomized pilot trial of the Babble Boot Camp in infants with classic galactosemia
Authors: Peter Beate , Potter Nancy , Davis Jennifer , Donenfeld-Peled Inbal , Finestack Lizbeth , Stoel-Gammon Carol , Lien Kari , Bruce Laurel , Vose Caitlin , Eng Linda , Yokoyama Hanako , Olds Daniel , VanDam Mark
Published: February 2020

Background: Speech and language therapy is typically initiated reactively after a child starts showing delays. Infants with classic galactosemia (CG), a metabolic disease with a known high risk for both speech and language disorders, hold the keys towards evaluating whether preventive treatment is effective when the risks are known at birth. We present pilot data from a randomized parallel trial of an innovative proactive speech and language intervention program, the Babble Boot Camp (BBC). 

Method: Five children with CG, otherwise healthy, participated in the study from approximately 2 to 24 months of age. One of these was randomly selected as control receiving conventional management, which typically starts at age 2-3 years. A pediatric speech-language pathologist met weekly via telepractice with the parents in the treatment cohort. Parents implemented the prespeech, speech, and language stimulation and expansion activities according to the intervention protocol. The control child was still too young for conventional treatment. Primary outcome measures were speech sound production complexity in babble and speech and expressive vocabulary size. Secondary outcome measures were vocalization rates and developmental milestones in communication, motor, and cognition. The trial is ongoing.

Results:  All four treated children had higher speech sound skills in babble, three had higher speech sound skills in meaningful speech, two had higher expressive vocabularies, three had higher global developmental scores, and two had higher vocalization rates, compared to the control child with CG.

Discussion: Given the high risk for speech and language delays in children with CG, finding on-schedule abilities in two or more of the treated children but not the untreated child is unexpected under random conditions. The trends toward beneficial effects of the BBC on speech sound production, expressive language, and communication milestones warrant appropriately powered larger clinical trials with full randomization.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03838016 (12 th February 2019).
The neurobiological mechanism underlying hypothalamic GnRH pulse generation: the role of kisspeptin neurons in the arcuate nucleus
Authors: Plant Tony M.
Published: February 2020

This review recounts the origins and development of the concept of the hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pulse generator. It starts in the late 1960s when striking rhythmic episodes of luteinizing hormone secretion, as reflected by circulating concentrations of this gonadotropin, were first observed in monkeys and ends in the present day. It is currently an exciting time witnessing the application, primarily to the mouse, of contemporary neurobiological approaches to delineate the mechanisms whereby Kiss1/NKB/Dyn (KNDy) neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus generate and time the pulsatile output of kisspeptin from their terminals in the median eminence that in turn dictates intermittent GnRH release and entry of this decapeptide into the primary plexus of the hypophysial portal circulation. The review concludes with an examination of questions that remain to be addressed.
Regulation of E3 ubiquitin ligases by homotypic and heterotypic assembly
Authors: Balaji Vishnu , Hoppe Thorsten
Published: February 2020

Protein ubiquitylation is essential for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. E3 ubiquitin ligases are key components of the enzymatic machinery catalyzing the attachment of ubiquitin to substrate proteins. Consequently, enzymatic dysfunction has been associated with medical conditions including cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. To safeguard substrate selection and ubiquitylation, the activity of E3 ligases is tightly regulated by post-translational modifications including phosphorylation, sumoylation, and ubiquitylation, as well as binding of alternative adaptor molecules and cofactors. Recent structural studies identified homotypic and heterotypic interactions between E3 ligases, adding another layer of control for rapid adaptation to changing environmental and physiological conditions. Here, we discuss the regulation of E3 ligase activity by combinatorial oligomerization and summarize examples of associated ubiquitylation pathways and mechanisms.
Upholding confidentiality in the preparation and distribution of medication in prisons: implementing recommendations of the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Authors: Tran Nguyen Toan , Wolff Hans
Published: February 2020

Confidentiality must be ensured even in the preparation and distribution of medications in detention settings. In this respect, the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment found during recent prison visits several instances where prison staff, and at times detainees, dispensed prescribed treatments and supervised their intake. Such a practice compromises medical confidentiality requirements and the establishment of a trusting doctor-patient relationship. To respect medical confidentiality and ensure safety and quality of care, the authors argue that only qualified healthcare personnel should prepare and distribute prescribed medications, all of which require specialized training. They call for robust research that examines the operational barriers and facilitators as well as the respect of human rights related to various approaches to medication preparation, distribution, and intake so that people in detention can access their treatment with safety, confidentiality, autonomy, and dignity.
Small for gestational age babies and depressive symptoms of mothers during pregnancy: Results from a birth cohort in India
Authors: Babu Giridhara R. , Murthy G.V.S. , Reddy Yogesh , Deepa R. , Yamuna A. , Prafulla S. , Krishnan Anjaly , Lobo Eunice , Rathnaiah Mohanbabu , Kinra Sanjay
Published: February 2020

Background: Annually, more than a million low birthweight (LBW) is born in India, often afflicting disadvantaged families. Several studies have undertaken the association of poverty, nutritional status, and obstetric factors with LBW. Through our study, we aimed to examine the possibility of any relation between the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) score measured during pregnancy with the incidence of babies born Small for Gestational Age (SGA).

Methods: Pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic at a public hospital between 14 to 32 weeks were recruited from April 2016 to Oct 2017. The EPDS was administered to assess depression through face-to-face interviews. Newborn anthropometry was performed post-delivery. For analysis, birth weight <10 percentile was classified as SGA.

Results: Prevalence of depressive symptoms (EPDS score >11) was 16.5% (n=108/654) in antenatal mothers. These women delivered a higher proportion of SGA babies (21.3 v/s 15.8) compared to women with no symptoms. The odds of women giving birth to a child with SGA were twice as high for women with EPDS scores >11 (adjusted OR = 2.03; 95% CI = 1.12 – 3.70) compared to the women with EPDS scores of ≤11, The EPDS 12 (Adjusted OR = 1.96; 95% CI = 1.04 – 3.69) and EPDS 13 (Adjusted OR = 2.42; 95% CI = 1.24 – 4.70) cut-off categories also proved to be a risk factor for SGA with significant p-value (0.0006 and 0.0003) and the individuals with more than 13 EPDS score is found to have the highest odds of SGA.

Conclusions: We found a strong association of antenatal depressive symptoms during pregnancy with SGA measured by EPDS. Thus, we recommend the implementation of timely and effective screening, diagnostic services, and evidence-based antenatal mental health services to combat SGA and further associated-metabolic syndromes.
Exploring the role of RRM domains and conserved aromatic residues in RGG motif of eIF4G-binding translation repressor protein Sbp1
Authors: Bhatter Nupur , Iyyappan Rajan , Rajyaguru Purusharth I
Published: February 2020

Background: Mechanisms of mRNA fate decisions play an important role in determining if a given mRNA will be translated, stored or degraded upon arrival to cytoplasm. Sbp1 is an important RGG-motif containing protein that is implicated in affecting mRNA decapping and translation. Sbp1 represses translation by binding eIF4G1 through its RGG-motif and activates decapping when overexpressed. In this report we have assessed the genetic interaction of Sbp1 with  decapping activators such as Dhh1, Pat1 and Scd6.  We have further analyzed the importance of different domains and specific conserved residues of Sbp1 in translation repression activity. Method: Sequence alignment was performed to identify conserved aromatic residues to be mutated. Using site-directed mutagenesis several point mutations and domain deletions was created in Sbp1 expressed under a galactose-inducible promoter. The mutants were tested for their ability to cause growth defect upon over-expression. The ability of Sbp1 to affect over expression mediated growth defect of other decapping activators was tested using growth assay. Live cell imaging was done to study localization of Sbp1 and its RRM-deletion mutants to RNA granules upon glucose starvation.

Results: Mutation of several aromatic residues in the RGG-motif and that of the phosphorylation sites in the RRM domain of Sbp1 did not affect the growth defect phenotype. Deletion of another eIF4G1-binding RGG-motif protein Scd6 does not affect the ability of Sbp1 to cause growth defect. Moreover, absence of Sbp1 did not affect the growth defect phenotypes observed upon overexpression of decapping activators Dhh1 and Pat1. Strikingly deletion of both the RRM domains (RRM1 and RRM2) and not the RNP motifs within them compromised the growth defect phenotype. Sbp1 mutant lacking both RRM1 and RRM2 was highly defective in localizing to RNA granules.  

Conclusion: This study identifies an important role of RRM domains independent of RNP motif in Sbp1 repression activity.
CBT in the workplace in Indonesian vocational high school
Authors: Santosa Budi , Kamin Yusri Bin
Published: February 2020

This study aims to describe the competency-based training (CBT) model in the workplace in vocational high school (VHS) in Indonesia. Students of VHS conduct learning in school and at workplace/industry. A good CBT model will produce skilled vocational graduates, which will reduce unemployment. The method used in this study is research and development by Borg and Gall. Research steps include: preliminary study, development, and testing of students, teachers, and industry mentors totaling 79 people. The finding of this research is that the CBT model implemented in the workplace must meet the following steps: (1) the student must have basic skills as stated in the skill passport, (2) the students choose the location of the practice which already has the memorandum of understanding with the school, (3) VHS assigns students to perform industrial work practice according to their approval from industry, (4) competency based assessment can be done through real work, (5) supervisor industry as an external assessor to test students, and (6) competencies that have been mastered by students recorded in skill passport.
Employability skills in vocational high school context: An analysis of the KTSP curriculum
Authors: Sayuti Muhammad , Mujiarto Mujiarto
Published: February 2020

Employability skills for students are believed to reduce the mismatch between the supply of vocational high school graduates and the demand of job vacancy from industry. For more than three centuries, the gap between the vocational high school and the workplace has become people’s concern. It seems that this issue will not end in the near future, rather will be more interesting to be studied because of the complexity of the relationship between the two sectors. The objective of this study, therefore, is to discover of how well employability skills is adopted in the school level curriculum (KTSP) of vocational high schools in Indonesia. To achieve the research’s objective, the content analysis to the curriculum was applied. The analysis of KTSP in the subject of entrepreneurship (ENT) and the computer and information management (KKPI) discovers the limited concern and the incomprehensive areas of employability skills adopted. The research findings demand the government to improve the content of employability skills in the curriculum, especially in dealing with the high unemployment rate of vocational high school graduates.
EFFECTS OF PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZERS AND BIOCHAR ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF TOMATO (Solanum lycopersicum)
Authors: Mutalib Asilah Abdul
Published: February 2020

A study was conducted to determine the effects of phosphate solubilizers and biochar on growth and yield of tomato plants. For this purpose, a 4×3 factorial experiment based on Completely Randomized Block Design (RCBD) with 4 replications were conducted in the growth room. In this factorial experiment, 4 levels of phosphate solubilizer bacteria (B1, B2, Bmix and Control) and 3 levels of biochar (Powder, Large Size, and Control) were applied on tomato plants to identify changes in growth parameters and yield. Results were analysed using Genstat Statistical Package (16th Edition). Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were conducted to test the effects of each factor and their interactions. Subsequently, Tukey test was used to compare the treatments means at P<0.05. The results showed that phosphate solubilizers had no significant effects on the growth parameters measured, while biochar treatments significantly affected the total fresh weight of the tomatoes and increased the speed of plant growth in tomatoes (Flowering and fruiting). In addition, there was no interaction between bacterial inoculation and biochar application on the parameters studied. The bacterial inoculation did not significantly affect any parameters studies. This is contrasted by the results from the treatments with biochar application which showed the enhancement of plant growth and yield. The sustainability of the bacterial strains used are suggested to be tested before starting the experiment.