bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Las personas trabajadoras que ocupan "puestos directivos" y su derecho a la desconexión digital en el trabajo
Authors: Trujillo Pons Francisco
Published: April 2022

El ordenamiento jurídico español regula el derecho a la desconexión digital en el trabajo, obligando a los empresarios a elaborar, previa audiencia de los representantes legales, una política interna dirigida a trabajadores, incluidos los que ocupen puestos directivos. La importancia del derecho en el actual marco de las relaciones laborales como garantía del descanso de los trabajadores no va en consonancia con la actual regulación. Y ello porque se trata de una regulación escueta y carente de desarrollo que genera muchas dudas interpretativas, entre ellas, la relativa a los trabajadores que ocupan puestos directivos, quienes, por las características propias de sus cargos, cuentan con muchas dificultades para ejercer el derecho laboral. En este contexto, se pretende analizar a quién se refiere el legislador con su mención “puestos directivos” dado que, con la actual redacción, no se especifica si el derecho se aplica a trabajadores con cargos intermedios (managers o directivos comunes) o a trabajadores sujetos a una relación laboral especial de alta dirección conforme a su normativa propia, a saber, el Real Decreto 1382/1985, de 1 de agosto.
VIA AÉREA AVANÇADA: SENTIMENTOS VIVENCIADOS POR PACIENTES NA PRÉ E PÓS EXTUBAÇÃO ENDOTRAQUEAL
Authors: Oliveira Camila de Souza , Baricati Crysthianne Cônsolo de Almeida , Galdino Maria José Quina , Karino Márcia Eiko , Barreto Maynara Fernanda Carvalho , Martins Júlia Trevisan
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: desvelar os sentimentos vivenciados por pacientes internados em um pronto socorro no período pré e pós extubação endotraqueal. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa desenvolvida com pacientes de um Hospital Universitário do Estado do Paraná, no primeiro semestre de 2017. A coleta de dados se deu por meio de sete entrevistas semiestruturadas, que foram submetidas a análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: identificaram-se quatro categorias temáticas que desvelaram sentimentos de uma experiência traumática pela dor, falta de diálogo, desconhecimento do profissional que estava prestando os cuidados, dificuldade de comunicação e angústia. Considerações finais: torna-se importante humanizar a assistência de maneira a perceber que o paciente não é mais um corpo doente e, sim, um ser humano holístico que deve ser atendido para além dos procedimentos meramente técnicos.
TECNOLOGIAS EDUCACIONAIS NO ENSINO DO RACIOCÍNIO DIAGNÓSTICO EM ENFERMAGEM:
Authors: Alves da Cruz Maria de Lourdes , Lopes Fernanda Rademacher Giovanoni , Leopoldino Sâmella Karine de Macêdo , Lira Ana Luisa Brandão de Carvalho
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: O presente estudo objetivou sintetizar o conhecimento produzido na literatura sobre os instrumentos utilizados para medir o raciocínio diagnóstico em enfermagem. Método: Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura, em setembro de 2020, as fontes de dados consultadas foram Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Scopus Content Overview, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PubMed e Web of Science. Foram selecionados nove artigos para compor a amostra. Em relação aos estudos incluídos, todos eram internacionais (100%) e 44,4% foram do ano de 2019. Os principais delineamentos foram descritivo, prospectivo, transversal e ensaio clínico randomizado. Resultados: Os instrumentos identificados foram: Teste de Concordância de Script (SCTs); Health Sciences Reasoning Test (HSRT); Lasater Clinical Judgment Rubric (LCJR); Creighton Simulation Evaluation Instrument (C-SEI); Nursing Process Skills Checklist; Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory - versão chinesa (CTDI-CV); Teste verdadeiro ou falso e de múltipla escolha; e Jogo de Simulação Virtual. Conclui-se que existem vários instrumentos para medir o raciocínio diagnóstico em enfermagem. Conclusão: O conhecimento desses instrumentos é de suma importância para avaliar e direcionar o ensino dessa importante etapa do processo de enfermagem.
ENSINO DIGITAL EM ENFERMAGEM: REFLEXÃO TEÓRICA À LUZ DE PIERRE LÉVY
Authors: Soares Francisco Mayron Morais , Farias Felipe Júlio Leite , Andrade Camilo Hugo Freitas de , Magalhães Davi Santos , Farias Aléxia Éllen Albuquerque , Braga Francisco Luan Sousa , Osterne Carolina Braga Rios , Miranda Francisco Arnoldo Nunes de
Published: April 2022

Objetivo: tem o objetivo de refletir sobre a utilização de múltiplas mídias e a cibercultura na formação da inteligência coletiva com proposição conceitual fundamentada no pensamento de Pierri Levy. Método: estudo reflexivo, realizado a partir de revisão narrativa da literatura que incluiu artigos, legislações, manuais do Ministério, a partir das Bases de dados nacionais e internacionais. Após a leitura e fichamento dos materiais, procedeu-se à análise descritiva. Resultados A tecnologia e a translação de conhecimento representam um importante determinante no processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Baseado no pressuposto filosófico sobre o impacto da cibercultura na sociedade contemporânea, ressalta-se a importância no desenvolvimento de diversas mídias que auxiliem no processo de ensino e aprendizagem na graduação em Enfermagem. Considerações Finais: Ressalta-se a importância das tecnologias educativas no processo de ensino e aprendizagem em enfermagem, além da necessidade de estratégias educacionais que apresentem uma reflexão mais profunda da temática.
Effect of Distributing Steel Fibers on Some Properties of Slurry Infiltrated Fiber Concrete
Authors: Najeeb Adraa M. , Fawzi Nada Mahdi
Published: April 2022

The slurry infiltrated fiber concrete (SIFCON) is nowadays considered a special type of high fiber content concrete; it is high strength and high performance material. This paper investigates the effect of spread steel fiber into the slurry mortar on some properties of SIFCON. According to fiber distribution, two sets were used in this investigation. The first set consisted of randomly distributing fibers inside the slurry. The second set was by placing the fibers in an orderly manner inside the slurry. Crimped steel fibers with an aspect ratio of (60) were used. Two different volume fractions percentage of (7% and 9%) by volume of mold were used in both sets for this study. Also, a w/c ratio of (0.35) and superplasticizer of (1%) by weight of cement was used to ensure the penetration of the slurry inside the fibers. The compressive and flexural strength were conducted on standard cubes (10*10*10) cm and prisms of (40*7*7) cm respectively to find the effect of how the steel fibers were distributed. The results showed that distributing the fibers randomly gave better results than the ordered distribution. The increment percentage in compressive strength and flexural strength were (1.5%, 6.9%, 23%, and 6.5%), respectively, for both sets and both fiber volume fractions (7% and 9%).
Improvement of Diesel Fuel Engine Performance by Nanoparticles Additives
Authors: Altaee Tariq M.
Published: April 2022

This study was done to investigate the impact of different nanoparticles on diesel fuel characteristics, Iraqi diesel fuel was supplied from al-Dura refinery and was treated to enhance performance by improving its characteristics. Two types of nanoparticles were mixed with Iraqi diesel fuel at various weight fractions of 30, 60, 90, and 120 ppm. The diesel engine was tested and run at a constant speed of 1600 rpm to examine and evaluate the engine's performance and determine emissions. In general, ZnO additives' performance analysis showed they are more efficient for diesel fuel engines than CeO. The performance of engine diesel fuel tests showed that the weight fraction of nanoparticles at 90 and 120 ppm give a similar performance, so, for economic aspects, the additives at 90 ppm of two types of nanoparticles gave good performance efficiency and the best reduction of gas emissions. The enhancement for ZnO additives is up to 34.28% compared to pure diesel fuel, while for nano CeO, the maximum enhancement is 20% compared to pure diesel fuel. The brake thermal efficiency increases with additives. The best improvements in brake thermal efficiency were 62% for ZnO and 59% for CeO, respectively, both at 120 ppm. A reduction in NOx, CO2, CO and UHC emissions was observed compared with the diesel fuel that was consumed from pure diesel fuel. The maximum reduction emissions values for NOx, CO, CO2 and un-burn hydrocarbon (UHC) were 63.77, 29.26, 56.41, and 57.37 % for ZnO, and 58.11, 37.80, 61.53, and 50.81 % for CeO additives. Therefore, it is recommended to utilize nanoparticles, especially ZnO, as a fuel additive with diesel fuel and consider them as an enhancer material to increase engine efficiency and reduce exhaust emissions.
Efficiency moderates the relationship between sleep-onset insomnia and resting-state electroencephalogram microstate
Authors: Ding Xiaoqian , Cao Fengzhi , Wang Shenghan , Zhang Yunshu , Yu Lijing , Wang Xinshu , Tang Rongxiang , Tang Yiyuan
Published: April 2022

Background: Overactivation of the salience network (SN) causes hyperarousal in insomnia patients and is associated with sleep-onset insomnia (SOI). Resting-state microstate 3 (RS-MS3) duration is closely related to SN overactivation. However, whether RS-MS3 duration is a biomarker for SOI has not yet been reported in the literature. In addition, SN activity is also associated with efficiency. However, it is not clear whether there are individual differences in the neural mechanisms of SOI in different efficiency groups. Methods: Considering that RS-MS3 duration characterizes the stability and persistent activation of the SN in the resting state, the current study investigated the link between SOI measured by sleep latency of Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), efficiency measured by Kirton Adaption-Innovation Inventory (KAI), and RS-MS3 in a Chinese healthy (subclinical) student population, using electroencephalography (EEG) microstate analysis. Results: We found that RS-MS3 duration was positively correlated with sleep latency and efficiency. The interaction between sleep latency and efficiency was significant. Simple slope analysis showed that high sleep latency was positively correlated with longer RS-MS3 duration in participants with higher efficiency scores. This correlation did not exist in participants with low efficiency scores. Conclusions: RS-MS3 duration may serve as a biomarker for SOI. There is heterogeneity in the relationship between SOI and RS-MS3 duration between individuals with high and low efficiency.
تقنيات اداء الممثل في عروض مسرح الطفل
Authors: احمد عدنان محمد ساري كهيه م. م.
Published: April 2022

.بشكل مستمر منذ زمن  اليوناني القديم حتى وقت الراهن؛ تاريخ الدراما حدث فيه التغيرات لبناء النص المسرحي وهيكله ويرافقها مباشرة تغيرات كبيرة تحدث على مستوى الاداء التمثيلي على الممثل نفسه تتبعه تغييرات كبيرة تحدث على مستوى الاداء التمثيلي للممثل نفسه فضلا عن تغيرات شاملة في رؤية الممثل والمخرج الى التاريخ والمجتمع والانسان، والتغيرات مستمرة ، وبما ان مسرح الطفل جزء لا يتجزء من اشكال الصور المسرحية وهي تقدم للطفل بوصفه المحرك الاساسي في معادلة الجمالية والفنية كونه المتلقي والمركز الاساس التي تقوم عليه العملية المسرحية في مسرح الطفل، فالممثل المسرحي في هذه المسرحيات لابد ان يرتكز على عدد من التقنيات في تقديم وايصال الفكرة المسرحية للمتلقي (الطفل)، فالسؤال الذي يطرح هنا: ما هي تقنيات التي يستخدمها الممثل في عروض مسرح الطفل؟
دراسة الصور والمجابت البصرية في شعر رشيد ياسمي. شاعر كردي معاصر
Authors: ماجد  مرهج السلطاني ا.م.د.
Published: April 2022

الرسم التوضيحي والخيال من المبادئ الأساسية للشعر. وبهذه الطريقة يمكن اعتباره العامل الفاصل بين الشعر والنثر. بمعنى آخر ، الخيال هو أساس الشعر. إن إحداث تحول في الكلام غير الأدبي وتحويله إلى كلام تخيلي هو عملية تتشكل بمساعدة أدوات بلاغية مثل التشبيه والاستعارة وما إلى ذلك. الصورة ، التي تعكس الأفكار والعواطف والمشاعر والمعتقدات والقناعات والسمات الشخصية والصفات الداخلية للشاعر ، هي وسيلة لإيصال مواضيع مختلفة للقارئ. من سمات شعر الراشدي سمي ، بالإضافة إلى بساطته وعقليته ، وامتلاكه لمشاعر حساسة وخيالات عميقة ، رسومه التوضيحية ذات الظواهر البيئية والموضوعية. بطريقة يُظهر الشاعر تصوراته الشعرية وتصوراته عن العالم للجمهور، وبقوة الخيال ، يلتقط المفاهيم والشؤون العادية للحياة. تعتبر نظرته الدقيقة والواعية للبيئة والظواهر المحيطة بها وعناصر الطبيعة المليئة بجمالها من السمات البارزة لشعر ياسمي ، وقد حاول المؤلف في هذا المقال تحليل الصور في قصائد رشيد ياسمي. كان رشيد ياسمي من أوائل الشعراء الذين تقبلوا الحاجة إلى الحداثة في الشعر الفارسي وحاولوا إضفاء لون جديد على حديثه. يبدأ شعره في سياق نزعة تقليدية جديدة. تم عمل هذه المقالة بطريقة وصفية تحليلية وباستخدام أدوات المكتبة.
اطر المعالجة الصحفية لمؤتمر بغداد للحوار والشراكة – دراسة تحليلية في موقع روسيا اليوم
Authors: محمد سمير علي م.م
Published: April 2022

تلجأ وسائل الاعلام في احيان كثيرة الى تأطير الموضوعات الهامة لاسيما السياسية لأهميتها ولتحقيق هدفها في نقلها لهذه الموضوعات, ويعد مؤتمر بغداد للحوار والشراكة من الموضوعات السياسية المهمة التي طرأت على الساحة السياسية الدولية بصورة عامة والعربية والعراقية بصورة خاصة, فكان ولابد من دراسة اطر المعالجة الصحفية التي استخدمها موقع روسيا اليوم باللغة العربية لمؤتمر بغداد للحوار والشراكة الذي عقد في بغداد في اغسطس 2021 لاسيما ان روسيا احدى اهم البلدان التي لها ثقلها السياسي والعسكري في المنطقة فضلا عن عدم حضورها ودعوتها في المؤتمر مما جعل اختيارها انسب واصلح بعدها دولة محايدة ليست مشاركة في المؤتمر.
اذ سعى هذا البحث الى الكشف عن الموضوعات التي ركز عليها موقع الدراسة في تناوله لموضوع مؤتمر بغداد, و بيان اهم الاطر الاعلامية المستخدمة في موقع الدراسة في معالجته لموضوع مؤتمر بغداد, فضلا عن التعرف على انواع المعالجات الصحفية التي استخدمها موقع الدراسة في تعامله مع موضوع مؤتمر بغداد, اذ يعد هذا البحث من البحوث الوصفية واعتمد الباحث فيه على المنهج المسحي التحليلي, وقام الباحث بإجراء دراسة تحليلية مستخدما تحليل المضمون للمدة من 1/8/2021 الى 15/9/2021 معتمدا على اسلوب الحصر الشامل لموضوعات المؤتمر التي بلغت خلال مدة الدراسة (113) موضوعا.
وتوصل الباحث الى نتائج مهمة ابرزها ان اطار الاستراتيجية (السياسي) جاء في المرتبة الاولى من بين الاطر الصحفية المستخدمة في موقع روسيا اليوم في معالجته لموضوع مؤتمر بغداد, اذ جاءت نسبته (50.4%), فضلا عن ان معالجة موقع الدراسة لمؤتمر بغداد كانت معالجة محايدة, اذ جاءت في المرتبة الاولى وبنسبة بلغت (38.9%).
المساندة الاجتماعية للنساء المعيلات لأسرهن في المناطق المتأثرة بالنزاع دراسة ميدانية في مدينة الموصل
Authors: ميسم ياسين عبيد كاظم العماري ا.م.د.
Published: April 2022

ھدف البحث التعرف على المساندة الاجتماعية  للنساء المعيلات لاسرهن و توضيح الدور الفاعل للنساء اثناء و بعد النزاع و اهم مصادر المساندة المقدمة لهنّ ، و دورهنّ المهم في فض النزاعات و بناء السلام و اعادة الاعمار في المناطق التي تأثرت بالنزاع ،لما تضطلع به المرأة من دور مفصلي في مرحلة النزاعات و ما بعد النزاع على الصعيد المحلي على غرار دورها كمناضلة و معيلة ، و قائدة في المجتمع، و صانعة السلام في اوقات النزاع ، تكون مجتمع الدراسة من (110) ، تم اخذ العينة من النساء في مدينة الموصل. ولتحقيق أھداف الدراسة استخدم  مقياس المساندة الاجتماعية ، وبعد التحقق من ثبات الأدوات وصدقھا تم تطبيقھا على عينة الدراسة، وقد أظھرت النتائج وجود مستوى متوسط من المساندة من الاهل و الاقرباء و المعارف لدى عينة البحث ، في حين مستوى مساندة المؤسسات الاجتماعية  ضعيف ، كما أظھرت نتائج الدراسة عدم وجود فروق دالة إحصائيا بين المساندة الاجتماعية و اعالة المرأة لاسرتها تبعا لمتغير نوع السكن، و اظهرت الدراسة ايضا عدم وجود فروق دالة إحصائيا بين المساندة الاجتماعية و اعالة المرأة لاسرتها تبعا لمتغير العمر، في حين وجدت فروق في متغيرات الدراسة تعزى للمهنة ولصالح الاعمال الحرة، و لم تكشف الدراسة عن وجود فروق دالة إحصائيا بين المساندة الاجتماعية و اعالة المرأة لاسرتها تبعا لمتغير عدد افراد الاسرة.
Elevated FKBP15 expression distinguishes basal-like human breast cancer.
Authors: Mamoor Shahan
Published: April 2022

Patients diagnosed with basal-like breast cancer face a more aggressive disease course and more dismal prognosis than patients diagnosed with luminal A and luminal B breast cancer molecular subtypes (1-4). We mined published microarray data (5, 6) to understand in an unbiased fashion the most distinguishing transcriptional features of tumors from patients with basal or basal-like subtype breast cancer. We observed transcriptome-wide differential expression of FK506-binding protein 15, FKBP15, when comparing tumors of patients with basal-like breast cancer with that of other PAM50 molecular subtypes. FKBP15 mRNA was present at significantly higher quantities in the tumors of patients with basal-like breast cancer. Analysis of patient survival data revealed that FKBP15 primary tumor expression was correlated with overall survival in basal subtype breast cancer. Elevated FKBP15 expression appears to distinguish basal-like human breast cancer from the other molecular subtypes.
Pengembangan Media Pembelajaran Bangun Datar Dan Bangun Ruang Berbasis 3D Untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Siswa Kelas 1 Sekolah Dasar
Authors: Borusilaban Lois Juvita Anggelika
Published: April 2022

Karakteristik pembelajaran matematika merupakan objek pembelajaran yang abstrak, oleh sebabnya untuk menguasai matematika dibutuhkan penguasaan serta konsep penggunaan media pembelajaran yang konkret. Oleh sebab itu, media pembelajaran amat dibutuhkan. Hal tersebut dikarenakan sebagai salah satu alat sebagai perantara agar pesan yang disampaikan pada saat pembelajaran dapat tersampaikan. Pemanfaatan media pembelajaran untuk sekolah dasar adalah hal yang amat penting, mengingat anak usia sekolah dasar tergolong dalam tahapan oprasional konkret. Moedijono ( Dalam Nurhaidayati 2008:17), memaparkan bahwa media sederhana tiga dimensi memiliki kelebihan-kelebihan sebagai berikut : 1) memberikan pengalaman secara langsung; 2) penyajian secara konkrit; 3) dapat menunjukkan obyek secara utuh baik kontruksinya ataupun cara kerjanya; 4) dapat memperlihatkan struktur organisasi secara nyata; 5) dapat menunjukkan akar suatu proses secara nyata. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan model research and development, hal tersebut sudah disesuaikan dengan apa yang dikembangkan serta sesuai dengan tahapan-tahapan yang tertera pada model research and development. Subjek pada penelitian ini di arahkan kepada siswa kelas 1 SD.
resume permintaan
Authors: Irtiy
Published: April 2022

permintaan adalah berkaitan dengan jumlah permintaan berupa harga permintaan
Tarhib Ramadan
Authors: Qosim Nanang
Published: April 2022

Datangnya Ramadan, tidak terlepas dari kalimat “Marhaban Ramadan” yang biasa kita dengar di pelbagai sudut mana pun. Banyak kaum Muslimin yang mengungkapkannya, tatkala menyambut datangnya bulan suci Ramadan. Makna dari kalimat tersebut adalah adanya ”rasa senang, gembira, dan bahagia” dalam hati kita yang mengaku orang Islam, dengan datangnya bulan suci Ramadan. Perasaan senang, gembira, dan bahagia karena bisa bertemu lagi dengan bulan Ramadan.
The Significance of Tourism Attraction and Social Media Promotion on The Interest of Return Visit
Authors: Hermawan Hary , Santosa  , Sinangjoyo Nikasius Jonet
Published: April 2022

The interest in a return visit in the tourism sector business is the most important factor. Tourist destinations that have unique attractions and promotions that are always maximized will influence tourists to return to visit those tourist attractions. The purpose of this article was to analyze the influence of tourist attraction and social media promotion on the tourists’ interest in returning visit to the Umbul Ponggok Klaten. The method applied in this research is quantitative with multiple linear regression approach. Primary data in this study were obtained through questionnaires and observation, while secondary data was obtained through literature study and documentation. The sample in this study by purposive sampling was 100 respondents who were Instagram and Facebook users and they have visited Umbul Ponggok at least once, and their age are about 17 years old and above. The results of this study show that tourist attraction and social media promotion have significance on return interest. As for the partial test the tourist attraction has a positive and significant effect on the return visit. While social media promotion has a negative and insignificant effect on interest in returning, the tourist attraction dominates more than the social media promotion.
Perspectives on Empowerment, Job Redesign, Trust and Justice: A Delphi study in a military setting
Authors: Alonso Peña Pablo , Bulnes Luis Carlo , Aerens Sylvie , Hongenaert Tilly , Sylin Michel , Dhondt Erwin
Published: April 2022

The present study aimed at investigating the dynamics between appraisals of Empowerment(E), Job redesign (JR), Trust(T) and Justice (J)in the management of well-being within the military in contexts of structural change. Ninety-six experts took part in a series of questionnaire rounds following the Delphi method. First, the procedure intends to evoke experts’ spontaneous and anonymous opinions about a specific subject according to their expertise (i.e., what measures are necessary to improve Empowerment at Defense?). Subsequently, experts’ opinions were organized by main measures and used to generate a questionnaire in which the experts individually rated their relevancy. Ratings happen first blindly, and then with feedback of the groups’ responses until consensus. In a third phase, the experts rank and prioritize the top ten most relevant measures. Finally, the experts elaborate on how to implement them. Main results revealed that appraisals on the four levers (E, JR, T, J) cannot be studied separately from each other and are best described within five interrelated models of organizational change, specific to the military context. New avenues to study well-being in the military and their managerial aspects are discussed.
MAKALAH GAMBARAN UMUM PERBANKAN SYARIAH DI INDONESIA
Authors: farida Puspa
Published: April 2022

Sektor perbankan menempati posisi sangat strategis dalam menjembatani kebutuhan modal kerja dan investasi di sektor riil dengan pemilik dana. Fungsi utama sektor perbankan dalam infrastruktur kebijakan makro ekonomi memang diarahkan dalam konteks bagaimana menjadikan uang efektif untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah perbankan alternatif tidak terlepas dari akibat dari terjadinya krisis ekonomi yang awalnya dipandang sebagai krisis Islamic Banking atau juga disebut dengan Interest Free Banking. Peristilahan dengan menggunakan kata Islamic tidak dapat dilepaskan dari asal-usul sistem perbankan kelompok ekonom dan praktisi perbankan muslim yang berupaya mengakomodasi desakan dari berbagai pihak yang menginginkan agar tersedia jasa transaksi keuangan yang dilaksanakan sejalan dengan nilai moral dan prinsip Utamanya adalah berkaitan dengan pelarangan praktek riba, kegiatan maisir (spekulasi), dan gharar (ketidakjelasan).Kata KUNCI: Bank Islam, Bank Syariah, Bank Tampa Bungga,Bagi Hasil
Penerapan Terapi Generalis Sp 1-4 Dengan Masalah Halusinasi Pendengaran Pada Penderita Skizofrenia
Authors: Lase Anna Asal Niat , Anwairi Ubay , Mendrofa Blessery Oktorina , Gulo Basilius Ekadarman Putra
Published: April 2022

Gangguan yang dialami oleh penderita skizofrenia membuat penderita skizofrenia mengalami hambatan dalam melakukan aktivitas yang berhubungan dengan pekerjaan, kemampuan bersosialisasi, kemampuan untuk merawat diri dan banyak bidang lainnya yang tidak mampu dilakukan secara optimal seperti manusia normal pada umumnya
Broadening of Attention Dilates the Pupil
Authors: Kolnes Martin , Uusberg Andero , Nieuwenhuis Sander
Published: April 2022

Inconclusive evidence suggests that the pupil is more dilated when the breadth of attention is broad compared to narrow. To further investigate this relationship, we recorded pupil size from healthy volunteers while inducing trial-wise changes in breadth of attention using a shape discrimination task where participants had to remember the location of a gap in a small or a large circle. A visual search task with targets presented at different distances from the centre of the screen was used to behaviourally assess the success of the manipulation of breadth of attention. Data were analysed using a generalized additive mixed model to test the experimental effects on pupil size after controlling for the effects of gaze location and eye vergence. The results showed that the pupil was more dilated in the broad-breadth-of-attention condition compared to the narrow-breadth-of-attention condition. However, the effect of attentional breadth on visual search performance was not mediated by pupil size, suggesting that more research is needed to understand the functional role of pupil dilation in relation to breadth of attention.
Not my neighbor: Social prejudice and support for democracy
Authors: Davis Nicholas , Miller Steven V.
Published: April 2022

In theory, Americans like democracy. In practice, this affection is less clear. People like power and are reluctant to cede it, even when they legitimately lose political contests. Why? One explanation involves democracy’s promises: it affords equal access to levers of power via elections, creating natural tensions among groups competing over scare material and psychological resources. Given the central role of race and religion in orienting Americans’ social and political experiences, these tensions are exacerbated when it comes to power-sharing, especially for socially prejudiced citizens. Drawing from an intergroup relations framework, we suspect that white citizens faced with out-group threat may be less inclined to express appreciation for democratic values because democracy supplies access to out-groups who make competing demands on the political system. To study this relationship, this paper explores the concept of neighborliness as an important form of anti-prejudice and proposes several survey experiments to explore the conditions under which social prejudice in neighbor interactions affects citizens’ commitments to democratic values and support for democracy.
(When and How) Does Basic Research in Clinical Psychology Lead to More Effective Psychological Treatment for Mental Disorders?
Authors: Ehring Thomas , Limburg Karina , Kunze Anna Elisabeth , Wittekind Charlotte , Werner Gabriela G , Wolkenstein Larissa , Guzey Melike , Cludius Barbara
Published: April 2022

An important aim of basic research in Clinical Psychology is to improve clinical practice (e.g., by developing novel interventions or improving the efficacy of existing ones) based on an improved understanding of key mechanisms involved in psychopathology. In the first part of this article, we examine how frequently this translation has happened in the past by reviewing all 40 evidence-based psychological interventions recommended in current clinical guidelines for five important (groups of) mental disorders. Results show that only 23% of treatments showed a very strong link between basic research and the development of the intervention, and further 20% showed a strong link. These findings thus suggest that the route from basic research to clinical innovation may not be as strong historically as is commonly assumed. Important challenges for translational research in clinical psychology are reviewed, leading to the introduction of a new framework, and a discussion of possible solutions to overcome these challenges. Suggestions include increased attention to robust and replicable research findings, a stronger focus on experimental psychopathology research to establish causality of psychopathological mechanisms, a more systematic structural integration of basic and applied research in clinical psychology, a stronger emphasis on mechanisms of change and moderators of clinical interventions, increased attention to clinical subgroups, and emphasizing improvements to existing interventions over the development of novel interventions.
Privacy As/And Civil Rights
Authors: Li Tiffany
Published: April 2022

Decades have passed since the modern American civil rights movement began, but the fight for equality is far from over. Systemic racism, sexism, and discrimination against many marginalized groups is still rampant in our society. Tensions rose to a fever pitch in 2020, with a summer of Black Lives Matters protests, sparked by the police killing of George Floyd, leading in to an attempted armed insurrection and attack on the U.S. Capitol on January 6, 2021. Asian-Americans faced rising rates of racism and hate crimes , spurred in part by inflammatory statements from the then-sitting President of the United States. Members of the LGBT community faced attacks on their civil rights during the Trump administration, including a rolling back of protections awarded to transgender individuals.At the same time, the world faced a deadly pandemic that exposed the inequalities tearing the fabric of our society. The battle for civil rights is clearly not over, and the nation and the world have faced setbacks in the fight for equality, brought out by the pandemic, political pressures, and other factors. Meanwhile, the role of technology is also changing, with new technologies like facial recognition, artificial intelligence, and connected devices, offering new threats and perhaps new hope for civil rights. To understand privacy at our current point in time, we must consider the role of privacy in civil rights—and even, as scholars like Alvaro Bedoya have suggested, privacy itself as a civil right.This Article is an attempt to expand upon the work of privacy and civil rights scholars in conceptualizing privacy as a civil right and situating this concept within the broader field of privacy studies. This Article builds on the work of scholars who have analyzed critical dimensions of privacy and privacy law, and who have advocated for changes in privacy law that can move our society forward to protect privacy and equality for all.Part I provides an overview of civil rights law in the United States and the unequal application of privacy protections to different people. Part II examines ways in which privacy can enhance or support civil rights and equality, including potentially through the concept of cyber civil rights. Part III considers if, due to the inextricable links between privacy and civil rights protections, privacy itself ought to be considered a civil right. Part IV also looks to framings of privacy in constitutional law, tort law, and sectoral consumer protection law to analyze how a civil rights framework might resolve existing equity gaps in privacy law. Finally, Part V provides recommendations for how to better shape privacy law to protect both privacy and equality for all.
Post-operative complications rates in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy in tertiary care hospital
Authors: Gangamma K , Manoj P , Shashikumar HB
Published: April 2022

Background: Post-operative complication may occur after explorative laparotomy whether elective or emergency. This study was aimed to evaluate the cause in which emergency laparotomy has been done, the frequency of different types of surgical complications after laparotomy in KR hospital, Mysore Medical college and Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka.
Aims and Objective: This study aims to evaluate the post-operative complications in patients undergoing emergency laparotomies at K R Hospital, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysore.
Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out at the Department of General Surgery in Mysore Medical College, Mysore, Karnataka, during the period of October 2020–June 2021. All the patients who underwent emergency laparotomy were included in the study. They were followed up in the post-operative period and all the complications/sequelae developed were recorded.
Results: The primary indications for an exploratory laparotomy are perforation peritonitis constituted (58.8%) cases followed by intestinal obstruction (13%), gallbladder perforation (10%), blunt and penetrating trauma abdomen (9.2%), and appendicular abscess/perforation (4.8%). In this study, most of the patients (77.2%) were between 21 and 50 years of age. Out of these, maximum cases (age) were found in the 4th decade, that is, 107 cases (42.8%). In this study local complication, surgical site infection (47.2%) was the most common complication followed by respiratory infection (30%), fever (38%), nausea and vomiting (14%), paralytic ileus (12.8%), UTI (10%), and thrombophlebitis (10.8%). Mortality was 6%.
Conclusion: Post-operative complications are more common after emergency laparotomy as compared to elective laparotomies. Post-operative surgical site infection, nausea and vomiting, and fever are the most common complications which need adequate management and post-operative care.
Parasitic infections encountered by a cytopathologist: An institutional experience
Authors: Pooja Jaiswal  , Javed Iqbal  , Nausheen S Khan  , Pradeep Tandon  , Mousumi Sharma  , Megha Agarwal
Published: April 2022

Background: Parasitic infections are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Cytological examination can be of great help in providing economical, accurate, and fast diagnosis.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to analyze the cytomorphological features of various parasites on fine needle aspirates and vaginal smears.
Materials and Methods: This study was a retrospective study of 5.5 years during the time period from July 2015 to December 2020. The study included cases which were already diagnosed as having or suspicious of various parasitic infections on cytological examination.
Results: There were total of 37 specimens comprising of 28 fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) smears and nine vaginal smears. The parasites on FNAC included 17 cases of cysticercus, eight cases of filariasis, two cases of hydatid disease, and one case of leishmaniasis. All the nine vaginal smears were interpreted as trichomonas vaginitis.
Conclusion: Cytomorphological examination helps in early definitive diagnosis and exclusion of various parasitic infections. Diagnosis is important as most of these parasites are treatable and have several systemic ramifications.
Prevalence and outcome of hysterectomy in a peripheral medical college – A data-based retrospective study
Authors: Biswas Sima , Keshri Rajorshi , Bala Bivas
Published: April 2022

Aims and Objectives: The study aimed evaluation of prevalence, demographic features, clinical presentation, indication, intra-operative findings, different types of operation, and histopathological diagnosis of patients who underwent hysterectomy in our center.
Materials and Methods: This retrospective study done over 3 years from May 2017 to April 2020 in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Rampurhat Government Medical College, West Bengal India. Case record and data of each patient were obtained from medical record section of the hospital and analyzed after taking permission of concerned authority. Inclusion criteria: Those underwent hysterectomy for gynecological indications during our study periods.
Results: During the study period, total 6014 obstetrical and gynecological surgery performed; out of them, 424 cases of hysterectomies were studied, maximum patients (64.85 %) underwent hysterectomy at the age group of 41–50 years. Menorrhagia was the most common (61.32%) presenting complains. Leiomyoma was the most common (27.12%) indication followed by abnormal uterine bleeding (22.17%) and pelvic organ prolapses (11.57%). Maximum (79.25%) with abdominal route and 20.75% cases through vaginal approach. Total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-ophorecctomy 270 cases (63.69%), vaginal hysterectomy with pelvic floor repair 60 (14.15%), total abdominal hysterectomy without oophorectomy 50 (11.79%), and radical hysterectomy 16(3.77%).Dominant histopathological type was leiomyoma (22.88%). Among various post-operative complications, urinary tract infection was the most common (9.19%), the most of the postoperative complication was found in abdominal hysterectomy.
Conclusion: For treating pelvic pathologies such as uterine bleeding, adenomyosis, fibroid, pelvic inflammatory disease, malignant disorder, and genital prolapse hysterectomy is preferred procedure and abdominal route was most common. Complication of vaginal hysterectomy is less than abdominal approach. Vaginal approach should be preferable approach.
Correlation of C-reactive protein and BMI with severity of diabetic retinopathy
Authors: Naveen Nishal G  , Renuga Devi Kaliaperumal  , Nallamuthu P  , Subhashini M
Published: April 2022

Background: Diabetic retinopathy is one of the complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). The pathogenesis has been attributed to be due to inflammation recently. Similarly, obesity has been found to be risk factor for diabetic retinopathy.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes of C-reactive protein (CRP) in Type 2 DM patients with diabetic retinopathy and to evaluate the relationship of body mass index (BMI) with diabetic retinopathy.
Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study of 98 patients with Type 2 DM both newly diagnosed and known case of DM. The patient’s fundus findings were recorded, CRP and BMI were measured to study the correlation.
Results: This study showed that the mean value of CRP in patient without diabetic retinopathy was 2.28 mg/L while it was 3.01 mg/L in patients with diabetic retinopathy. Among the patients with diabetic retinopathy, the mean CRP was 2.76 mg/L in NPDR, 2.93 mg/L in NPDR with CSME, 3.6 mg/L in PDR, and 3.9mg/L in PDR with CSME. The mean BMI was 22.63 Kg/m² in patients without diabetic retinopathy and 22.92 Kg/m² in patients with diabetic retinopathy.
Conclusion: The study shows that CRP levels correlate with stage of diabetic retinopathy. The higher levels CRP were found in patients with PDR and CSME presumably due to the higher level of inflammatory activity in retina. Further our study found no correlation of BMI with diabetic retinopathy.
Morphological development of sulci in fetal brain: An anatomical study
Authors: Sarbani Das  , Bal Kana , Swapan Bhattachrjee
Published: April 2022

Background: The surface of the developing human brain undergoes morphological changes with the formation of different sulci during the fetal period. During the first and second-trimester fetal brain surface remain smooth, and between the 28th and 30th weeks of gestation, new gyri and sulci appear due to rapid growth of the fetal brain.
Aims and Objectives: To study the time of appearance of sulci in different surfaces of the fetal brain, which will help estimate the gestational age of the fetus from the specimen of the fetal brain.
Materials and Methods: About 108 cerebral hemispheres from 54 fetal brains were examined in the Department of Anatomy, Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, in 1 year from December 2016 to December 2017. Among 54 fetal brains, 21 were museum specimens of the Department of Anatomy and Forensic Medicine of Medical College, Kolkata, and the rest were fetal cadavers. For brains from fetal cadavers, after brain removal, it was fixed in 10% formalin. Fetal brains were divided into two groups – a) brains from fetuses with bodyweight up to 1000 g with a weight gap of 100 g among the groups. b) brains from fetuses with body weight >1001 g with a weight gap of 250 g among the groups. Sulci in the superolateral, medial, and inferior surfaces of the fetal brain were noted carefully.
Results: Comparing the findings of our study with the previous anatomical studies, it is found that we studied a large number of sulci in detail. When we compared the anatomical findings with the findings of USG or MRI it was found that there was 2–4 weeks delay between anatomical appearance and visualization of the same sulcus in fetal brain by imaging (USG and MRI). The development of cerebral sulci was proportional to the bodyweight of the fetus.
Conclusion: Embryological appearance of sulci is a crucial important in the Anatomy and radiological study of brain and micro neurosurgery. The study is essential for estimation of the gestational age of the fetus also.
An ultrasonographic study to evaluate the correlation of calcified yolk sac with spontaneous abortion
Authors: Srivastava Geetanjali , Mumal Nagwani  , Tewari Vineeta , Khanduri Sachin , Kunwar Shipra , Prince Kapoor
Published: April 2022

Background: The yolk sac is a small, membranous structure, which is situated outside the embryo and has a variety of functions during embryonic development. The yolk sac plays an important role in critical biological functions during early gestation, which includes primitive hematopoiesis as well as production of germ cells. It can be visualized between 6 and 12 weeks of pregnancy by ultrasonography as a regularly rounded extra-amniotic structure when the gestational sac reaches dimensions of 8–10 mm. On sonography, the yolk sac appears as a round structure which has an anechoic center bordered by a regular well-defined echogenic rim. Thus, a normal yolk sac is a yolk sac with echogenic rim and hypoechoic center, whereas yolk sac with hypoechoic rim or hyperechoic center is considered as calcified yolk sac.
Aim and Objectives: To study the correlation of calcified yolk sac with spontaneous abortion in the first trimester of pregnancy.
Materials and Methods: We studied 144 pregnant females who were in their first trimester of pregnancy, referred by the department of obstetrics and gynecology. The echotexture of yolk sac was observed by transvaginal sonography and its correlation with spontaneous abortion.
Results: Yolk sac was present in 140 cases (97.22%), and in 4 cases (2.78%), it was absent. Out of 140 cases, it was calcified in two cases and normal in 138. All the cases in which there was absence of yolk sac or calcified yolk sac resulted into spontaneous abortion.
Conclusion: Accurate recognition of the normal and abnormal sonographic findings related to yolk sac can be used to anticipate the course of pregnancy which may be used as good tool in clinical practice to predict whether a pregnancy is going to have a good or a poor outcome.
Clinical assessment of laryngo-pharyngeal reflux disease by reflux symptom index and reflux finding score in a tertiary care hospital, Madhya Pradesh
Authors: Bajoliya Sunil , Verma Abhilasha , Verma Jagram , Agrawal Ramesh
Published: April 2022

Background: Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) or LPR disease (LPRD) is a commonly diagnosed clinical entity caused by the back-flow of gastric contents into the laryngo-pharynx. Diagnosis was made by a set of non-specific clinical symptoms, endoscopic laryngeal examination signs, reflux symptom index (RSI), and reflux finding score (RFS).
Aims and Objectives: The aims and objectives of the present study were to establish the diagnosis and treatment of LPR by assessment of the RSI and RFS and also evaluate the impact of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy on LPR.
Materials and Methods: A total of 60 clinically suspected patients attending the ENT outpatient department presenting LPRD signs and symptoms were enrolled in the present study. LPR symptoms were assessed using the RSI, and LPR signs were assessed by laryngoscopic examination of the larynx using the RFS. Patient having an RSI score of ≥13 and an RFS of >7 was included in the present study and it was also considered for starting LPR treatment. We have again calculated the both the score (RSI and RFS) after 3 months of successful PPI therapy and compared them with the initial scores.
Results: Out of total 60 patients, 50 (83.4%) had RSI score >13 and RFS >7 indicating severe LPRD. Most common symptoms were troublesome/annoying cough (95%), sensation of something sticking in throat (95%), heartburn(95%), frequent throat clearing (91%), and excess throat mucous (87.9%), whereas the most common sign noted on laryngoscopic examination were arytenoids erythema (86.66%), partial ventricular obliteration (83.33%), vocal cord edema (56.7%), posterior commissure hypertrophy (51.7%), and diffuse laryngeal edema (50%). Majority of the patients significantly responded on 3 months PPI therapy. Reduction of clinical signs, symptoms of LPR and also observed significant reduction of RSI and RFS score after successful PPI therapy.
Conclusions: In the present study, most of the patients suffering from severe LPRD who presented in our hospital RSI and RFS scored that were clinically significant in current study. After 3 months of proton-pump inhibitor therapy, there was a significant reduction in clinical signs and symptoms of LPR as well as RSI/RFS scores, indicating that PPI therapy was the mainstay of LPRD treatment in the current era.
Preventing pressure ulcers in aged care by auditing, and changing, work practices
Authors: Sharp Catherine , Julie Campbell
Published: April 2022

Background: Two nurse consultants concerned with ongoing pressure ulcer development in a 44-bed residential aged care facility in Sydney, Australia, audited pressure ulcers and the use of air mattresses.
Aims and Objectives: To measure and reduce the prevalence of pressure ulcers; audit air mattresses in use; reduce the physical workload for care staff repositioning residents; introduce an alternating pressure air mattress, allow residents to sleep undisturbed, and provide bedside education for all nursing staff.
Materials and Methods: Pressure ulcer prevalence was determined, “air” mattresses were inspected, and repositioning regimes were considered. All residents at risk of pressure ulcers were provided with a “Nodec A” mattress, allowed to sleep undisturbed, and bedside training was given to staff.
Results: Pressure ulcer prevalence was 18.1%. Eight of 44 residents had a total of 10 pressure ulcers; four sacral, three heel ulcers, two buttocks, and one hip. An audit of “air” mattresses showed half, seven of 14 (50%), was not working. Four alarm lights were on; two were set on static mode and one was deflated. Six months after the introduction of the “Nodec A” alternating pressure air mattress all pressure ulcers had healed, and the facility was pressure ulcer free.
Conclusion: Residents nursed on the “Nodec A” were pressure ulcer free and slept for hours without being repositioned and woken.
Comparative study of Foley’s catheter and prostaglandin E2 gel for pre-induction cervical ripening
Authors: Shetty Shruti J , J C Spandana , Arpana Anju , Sathyanarayana Chaitra
Published: April 2022

Background: Induction of labor is a crucial and customary clinical procedure in obstetrics. It is arguably one of the most abused procedures. Cervical ripening determines the success of delivery. The availability of newer oxytocics and induction techniques which are simpler and also more predictable has significantly modified our traditionally conservative attitude toward induction of labor.
Aims and Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Foleys catheter against prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) gel for pre-induction cervical ripening.
Materials and Methods: Women attending hospital for induction of labor, with a Bishop’s score <6, were allocated randomly to Foley’s group (Group F) and PGE2 gel group (Group P). Fifty women were allocated to Foley’s group (Group F) and 50 were allocated to gel group (Group P). The Foley’s group had a number 18 Foley catheter inserted into cervix, bulb inflated and placed on traction. Further augmentation was done, after Foleys extrusion or 6 h after gel, either with PGE2 gel or oxytocin solution depending on Bishops score.
Results: The Foley’s group had significantly higher change in Bishop’s score (3.12 vs. 2.66, P=0.04). The Foleys group required lesser number of further doses of gel as compared to gel group. No differences were found between the two groups with respect to induction to delivery interval, mode of delivery, non-reassuring fetal heart rate patterns, or baby weight.
Conclusion: Foleys catheter was associated with greater change in Bishops score as compared to intracervical PGE2 gel. It was not associated with any side effect during induction process.