bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ZEB1-mediated fibroblast polarization controls inflammation and sensitivity to immunotherapy in colorectal cancer
Authors: Menche Constantin , Schuhwerk Harald , Armstark Isabell , Gupta Pooja , Fuchs Kathrin , van Roey Ruthger , Mosa Mohammed H , Hartebrodt Anne , Hajjaj Yussuf , Clavel Ezquerra Ana , Selvaraju Manoj K , Geppert Carol I , Bärthel Stefanie , Saur Dieter , Greten Florian R , Brabletz Simone , Blumenthal David B , Weigert Andreas , Brabletz Thomas , Farin Henner F , Stemmler Marc P
Published: June 2024

The EMT-transcription factor ZEB1 is heterogeneously expressed in tumor cells and in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in colorectal cancer (CRC). While ZEB1 in tumor cells regulates metastasis and therapy resistance, its role in CAFs is largely unknown. Combining fibroblast-specific Zeb1 deletion with immunocompetent mouse models of CRC, we observe that inflammation-driven tumorigenesis is accelerated, whereas invasion and metastasis in sporadic cancers are reduced. Single-cell transcriptomics, histological characterization, and in vitro modeling reveal a crucial role of ZEB1 in CAF polarization, promoting myofibroblastic features by restricting inflammatory activation. Zeb1 deficiency impairs collagen deposition and CAF barrier function but increases NFκB-mediated cytokine production, jointly promoting lymphocyte recruitment and immune checkpoint activation. Strikingly, the Zeb1-deficient CAF repertoire sensitizes to immune checkpoint inhibition, offering a therapeutic opportunity of targeting ZEB1 in CAFs and its usage as a prognostic biomarker. Collectively, we demonstrate that ZEB1-dependent plasticity of CAFs suppresses anti-tumor immunity and promotes metastasis.
Recruitment of Ahsa1 to Hsp90 is regulated by a conserved peptide that inhibits ATPase stimulation
Authors: Hussein Solomon K , Bhat Rakesh , Overduin Michael , LaPointe Paul
Published: June 2024

Hsp90 is a molecular chaperone that acts on its clients through an ATP-dependent and conformationally dynamic functional cycle. The cochaperone Accelerator of Hsp90 ATPase, or Ahsa1, is the most potent stimulator of Hsp90 ATPase activity. Ahsa1 stimulates the rate of Hsp90 ATPase activity through a conserved motif, NxNNWHW. Metazoan Ahsa1, but not yeast, possesses an additional 20 amino acid peptide preceding the NxNNWHW motif that we have called the intrinsic chaperone domain (ICD). The ICD of Ahsa1 diminishes Hsp90 ATPase stimulation by interfering with the function of the NxNNWHW motif. Furthermore, the NxNNWHW modulates Hsp90’s apparent affinity to Ahsa1 and ATP. Lastly, the ICD controls the regulated recruitment of Hsp90 in cells and its deletion results in the loss of interaction with Hsp90 and the glucocorticoid receptor. This work provides clues to how Ahsa1 conserved regions modulate Hsp90 kinetics and how they may be coupled to client folding status.
Probe oscillation control in tapping-mode scanning probe electrospray ionization for stabilization of mass spectrometry imaging
Authors: Sun Mengze , Otsuka Yoichi , Okada Maki , Shimma Shuichi , Toyoda Michisato
Published: June 2024

This study highlights the importance of controlling probe oscillation frequency to stabilize MSI by t-SPESI. The change of the probe oscillation amplitude/phase are influenced by oscillation frequency during approach.
Chalcogen bonding interaction between ebselen and nitrite promote N-nitrosation of amines
Authors: Sahana Tuhin , Valappil Adwaith K. , Kundu Subrata
Published: June 2024

Ebselen (EbSe), a therapeutically significant molecule, is shown to exhibit chalcogen bonding interaction with nitrite anion (ONO−).
Understanding the electrochemical properties of Mg-doped Li2MnO3: first-principles calculations
Authors: Zeng Ziquan , Wang Jianchuan , Zhang Shiwei , Han Bo , Dang Feng , Li Songlin , Du Yong
Published: June 2024

First-principles calculations have been used to reveal the effect of Mg doping on the atomic and electronic structures, charge compensation for Li extraction, cell voltage, lattice oxygen stability and Li diffusion in Li2MnO3.
A thermodynamic model of the surface hydroxylation of γ-Al2O3
Authors: Ma Ying , Tang Fan , Liu Ziyi , Li Junqing , Wang Haowei , Wu Fan , Wang Dongqi , Lu An-Hui
Published: June 2024

The present study has established a thermodynamic model linking temperature and surface structure, and predicted the stable hydroxylation modes under experimental conditions.
Integrating sulfur-doped atomically dispersed FeNx sites with small-sized Fe3C nanoparticles for PEMFCs and beyond
Authors: Liu Chao , Zheng Jie , Chi Bin , Zhong Chengzhi , Deng YingJie , Chen Chao , Dang Dai , Fan Wenjun , Cui Zhiming , Liu Quanbing
Published: June 2024

Developing highly efficient and robust oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts with low cost is essential to accelerate their widespread application in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and metal–air batteries.
Correction: Raman tweezers for tire and road wear micro- and nanoparticles analysis
Authors: Gillibert Raymond , Magazzù Alessandro , Callegari Agnese , Bronte-Ciriza David , Foti Antonino , Donato Maria Grazia , Maragò Onofrio M. , Volpe Giovanni , de La Chapelle Marc Lamy , Lagarde Fabienne , Gucciardi Pietro G.
Published: June 2024

Correction for ‘Raman tweezers for tire and road wear micro- and nanoparticles analysis’ by Raymond Gillibert et al., Environ. Sci.: Nano, 2022, 9, 145–161.
Molecular level seasonality of dissolved organic matter in freshwater and its impact on drinking water treatment
Authors: Andersson Anna , Powers Leanne , Harir Mourad , Gonsior Michael , Hertkorn Norbert , Schmitt-Kopplin Philippe , Kylin Henrik , Hellström Daniel , Pettersson Ämma , Bastviken David
Published: June 2024

Improved characterization of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in source waters used for drinking water treatment is necessary to optimize treatment processes and obtain high drinking water quality.
Methanesulfonic acid (MSA) in clean processes and applications: a tutorial review
Authors: Binnemans Koen , Jones Peter Tom
Published: June 2024

Methanesulfonic acid (MSA) bridges organic and inorganic green chemistry since it is a strong non-oxidizing organic acid with a very low vapor pressure and forming highly soluble metal salts.
Exploring luminescence quenching mechanisms and temperature sensing capabilities of LiSrYW3O12:Sm3+ phosphors
Authors: Ayachi F. , Saidi K. , Dammak M.
Published: June 2024

Optical thermometry has emerged as a crucial non-contact method for temperature measurement, serving a broad array of applications.
The Z-scheme of 2D structured BCN and Ti MOF heterojunctions for high-efficiency photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Liu Cong , Zhang Liuxue , Xu Xuetong , Qiao Jiaolong , Jia Xu , Wang Fuying , Wang Xiulian
Published: June 2024

Element doping and construction of heterojunction composites are the most common ways to enhance g-C3N4, which are very attractive in achieving high photocatalytic activity.
Convenient synthesis and X-ray determination of 2-amino-6H-1,3,4-thiadiazin-3-ium bromides endowed with antiproliferative activity
Authors: Tawfeek Hendawy N. , Abdelmoez Alshaimaa , Dahlous Kholood A. , Youssif Bahaa G. M. , Bräse Stefan , Rissanen Kari , Nieger Martin , El-Sheref Essmat M.
Published: June 2024

A series of new 1,3,4-thiadiazine bromide derivatives was developed as antiproliferative agents targeting EGFR, BRAFV600E, and VEGFR-2.
Ternary tin-doped titanium dioxide/calcium oxide (Sn-TiO2/CaO) composite as a photocatalyst for efficient removal of toxic dyes
Authors: Parsafard Nastaran , Abedi Rokhsareh , Moodi Homa
Published: June 2024

The present study has shown that eggshells are important as a raw material for the successful synthesis of CaO. The synthesized sample was analyzed for the photodegradation of AR, BPB, MB, MG, and MR dyes using UV light.
Retraction: Novel hybrid QSPR-GPR approach for modeling of carbon dioxide capture using deep eutectic solvents
Authors: Salahshoori Iman , Baghban Alireza , Yazdanbakhsh Amirhosein
Published: June 2024

Retraction of ‘Novel hybrid QSPR-GPR approach for modeling of carbon dioxide capture using deep eutectic solvents’ by Iman Salahshoori et al., RSC Adv., 2023, 13, 30071–30085, https://doi.org/10.1039/d3ra05360a.
Highly efficient semi-hydrogenation in strained ultrathin PdCu shell and the atomic deciphering for the unlocking of activity-selectivity
Authors: Xue Fan , Li Qiang , Ji Weihua , Lv Mingxin , Xu Hankun , Zeng Jianrong , Li Tianyi , Ren Yang , Zhou Lihui , Chen Xin , Deng Jinxia , Lin Kun , Xing Xianran
Published: June 2024

We successfully constructed the novel Au@PdCu core–shell nanocatalyst featuring diluted and stretched Pd sites on the surface, which achieves simultaneous enhancement of hydrogenation activity and ethylene selectivity.
Mitigating the Jahn–Teller distortion and phase transition in the P2-Na0.67Ni0.33Mn0.67O2 cathode through large Sr2+ ion substitution for improved performance
Authors: Zhang Xilong , Xie Fei , Wang Xuejie , Liu Tao , Zhang Liuyang , Yu Jiaguo
Published: June 2024

Sr2+, the “pillar” in the P2 structure, suppresses the phase transition, inhibits the Jahn–Teller distortion, and improves the performance of layered oxide cathodes in SIBs.
CHEX-MATE: Turbulence in the intra-cluster medium from X-ray surface brightness fluctuations
Authors: Dupourqué S. , Clerc N. , Pointecouteau E. , Eckert D. , Gaspari M. , Lovisari L. , Pratt G. W. , Rasia E. , Rossetti M. , Vazza F. , Balboni M. , Bartalucci I. , Bourdin H. , De Luca F. , De Petris M. , Ettori S. , Ghizzardi S. , Mazzotta P.
Published: June 2024

The intra-cluster medium is prone to turbulent motion that will contribute to the non-thermal heating of the gas, complicating the use of galaxy clusters as cosmological probes. Indirect approaches can estimate the intensity and structure of turbulent motions by studying the associated fluctuations in gas density and X-ray surface brightness. In this work, we aim to constrain the gas density fluctuations occurring in the CHEX-MATE sample to obtain a detailed view of their properties in a large population of clusters. To do so, we use a simulation-based approach to constrain the parameters of the power spectrum of density fluctuations, assuming a Kolmogorov-like spectrum and including the stochastic nature of the fluctuation-related observables in the error budget. Using a machine-learning approach, we learn an approximate likelihood for each cluster. This method requires clusters not to be too disturbed, as fluctuations can originate from dynamic processes such as merging. Accordingly, we removed the less relaxed clusters (centroid shift w > 0.02) from our sample, resulting in a sample of 64 clusters. We defined different subsets of CHEX-MATE to determine properties of density fluctuations as a function of dynamical state, mass, and redshift, and we investigated the correlation with the presence or not of a radio halo. We found a positive correlation between the dynamical state and density fluctuation variance, a non-trivial behaviour with mass, and no specific trend with redshift or the presence of a radio halo. The injection scale is mostly constrained by the core region. The slope in the inertial range is consistent with the Kolmogorov theory. When interpreted as originating from turbulent motion, the density fluctuations in R500 yield an average Mach number of ℳ3D ≃ 0.4 ± 0.2, an associated non-thermal pressure support of Pturb/Ptot ≃ (9 ± 6)%, or a hydrostatic mass bias bturb ≃ 0.09 ± 0.06. These findings align with expectations from existing literature.
Constraints on the formation history and composition of Kepler planets from their distribution of orbital period ratios
Authors: Chen Di-Chang , Mordasini Christoph , Xie Ji-Wei , Zhou Ji-Lin , Emsenhuber Alexandre
Published: June 2024

Context. The Kepler high-precision planetary sample has revealed a ‘radius valley’ separating compact super-Earths from sub-Neptunes with lower densities. Super-Earths are generally assumed to be rocky planets that were probably born in situ, while the composition and formation of sub-Neptunes remains debated. Numerous statistical studies have explored planetary and stellar properties and their correlations to provide observational clues. However, no conclusive result on the origin of the radius valley or the composition of sub-Neptunes has been derived to date.

Aims. To provide more constraints, our aim is to investigate the distributions of the orbital spacing of sub-Neptunes and super-Earth planets in Kepler systems and compare their distributions with theoretical predictions of planet pairs of different formation pathways and compositions in synthetic planetary systems.

Methods. Based on the Kepler planetary sample, we derived the distributions of period ratios of sub-Neptune and super-Earth planet pairs. Using synthetic planetary systems generated by the Generation III Bern Model, we also obtained theoretical predictions of period ratio distributions of planet pairs of different compositions and origins.

Results. We find that Kepler sub-Neptune pairs show a significant preference to be near first-order mean motion resonances by a factor of 1.7−0.3+0.3. This is smaller than the model predictions for ‘water-rich’ pairs but larger than that of ‘water-poor’ pairs by confidence levels of ~2σ. Kepler super-Earth pairs show no significant preference for mean motion resonances from a random distribution. The derived normalised fraction of near first-order resonances of actual Kepler super-Earth pairs is consistent with that of synthetic water-poor planet pairs but significantly (≳3σ) smaller than that of synthetic water-rich planet pairs.

Conclusions. The orbital migration has been more important for sub-Neptunes than for super-Earths, suggesting a partial ex situ formation of the former and an origin of the radius valley caused in part by distinct formation pathways. However, the model comparisons also show that sub-Neptunes in Kepler multiple systems are not likely (~2σ) to all be water-rich planets born ex situ but a mixture of the two (in situ and ex situ) pathways. Whereas, Kepler super-Earth planets are predominantly composed of water-poor planets that were born inside the ice line, likely through a series of giant impacts without large-scale migration.
Algebraic quasi-fractal dynamics: Modeling of the risk system of a complex energy-saving system
Authors: Serdyukova Natalia , Serdyukov Vladimir
Published: June 2024

Algebraic quasi-fractal is a convenient form of recording a process. Currently, digital transformation’s process permeates almost all areas of human activity. In this regard, digital twins of risk management methods become necessary. In this article, we approach the study of the risk system of a complex system from the following position: a risk event in the system occurs in the event of an intermission of the system's connection. The main idea to describe the risk system of a complex system is the description as model with intermission connections. The main tool for it the algebraic quasi – fractal systems. So, it will be used: modeling of the risk system of a complex system in accordance with a model in the form of a group of factors determining the complex system, with a help of a group with an intermission a definite connection of a system; modeling of the risk system of a complex system in accordance with a quasi – fractal group of factors determining the complex system, with a help of a quasi – fractal group with an intermission a definite quasi – fractal connection of a complex system. Such approach allows one to connect properties of a complex system with properties of its risk system.
Assessment of the geomagnetically induced currents impact on the power transformers cores of the Altai Republic 110 kV power grid
Authors: Uchaikin Evgeniy , Gvozdarev Alexey , Kudryavtsev Nikolay
Published: June 2024

Based on the Baigazan magnetic station data located in Altai, geomagnetically induced currents (GIC) in primary windings of transformers in the southern part of the Altai Republic power system were calculated during a strong magnetic storm on April 24, 2023 (geomagnetic activity index Kp=8). It is shown that the calculated currents in the primary windings of 110 kV power transformers can reach values of more than 0.4 A. At the same time, magnetizing fields are formed in the transformers cores. They make up to 70% of the working field created by the no-load current, that should negatively affect the efficiency of their operation. To assess the GIC effect on the transformer core, a GIC core magnetization coefficient is used. It represents the ratio of the magnetic field strength generated by GIС at the transformer core to the no-load current magnetic field strength. The greatest effect is observed in 2.5 MVA installed capacity transformers at the Ininskaya substation. The GIC effect decreases with an increase of transformer power. To increase the Altai Republic power system stability to GIC, it is proposed to shift the grounding point from the Ininskaya substation to the Ongudayskaya substation. The core magnetization coefficients in this case do not exceed 0.4.
Automatic speed controller of a DC motor using Arduino and Variable Frequency Drive techniques
Authors: Ibrahim Mayyadah Sahib , Kaittan Ali Sachit , Abdullah Ali Najim , Ali Mohammed Hasan
Published: June 2024

The programmed speed control of a DC engine is basic in numerous mechanical applications, where exact control of engine speed is required. In this paper, we propose a arrangement for programmed speed control of a DC engine utilizing an Arduino microcontroller and Variable Recurrence Drive (VFD) methods. The proposed framework utilizes an input circle that compares the real speed of the DC engine with the required speed and alters the engine speed appropriately. The Arduino microcontroller is utilized to handle the criticism flag and create the suitable control signals to alter the engine speed. The VFD is utilized to change over the DC voltage to a variable AC voltage that can be utilized to control the speed of the engine. The system can be easily implemented and customized for various industrial applications.
Optimizing liquid fuel storage and distribution: Simulation of outflows from vertical cylindrical vessels using Mathcad
Authors: Belitskiy Kirill , Madar Galina , Bykadorov Konstantin
Published: June 2024

In this article, the issues of fluid outflow from vertical cylindrical tanks through various bottom openings were investigated. The solution of the problem was reduced to the solution of the Cauchy problem, which was obtained analytically and numerically in the environment of the Mathcad package using built-in functions. The presented algorithms and Mathcad documents allow us to obtain a priori information about the hydrodynamic modes of emptying vessels, which increase the reliability, safety and durability of containers for storing petrochemical products.
Scientific review of climate science: A bibliometric analysis of trends
Authors: Goncharova Maria , Sokolova Elizaveta
Published: June 2024

This research analyses the metadata of 15550 climatology publications indexed in the OpenAlex data catalogue of the types ‘article’ (95%), ‘book’ (3%) and ‘book-chapter’ (2%). The research covers the period from 1851 to the present. Bibliometrix and VOSviewer software tools were used for data processing and analysis, and Scimago Graphica was used to visualise the results. As a result of the research, new data on the periods of authors' publication activity by subject, supported by the systematisation of the main scientific achievements and changes of those times, were obtained. The structure of access to publications in climatology and its impact on the attention of the scientific community, thematic diversity and the most relevant current research areas were also analysed.
The effect of freezing rain on ventilation equipment
Authors: Abramkina Darya
Published: June 2024

Ice rain is precipitation consisting of small and solid frozen droplets-spheres of small diameter. Currently, this weather phenomenon is permanent in the territory of Central Russia and can be repeated 3-4 times during the winter season. Ice rains cause significant damage to green spaces and urban infrastructure, have an adverse effect on the performance of engineering equipment of buildings. The article presents the results of a field study of the functioning of an emergency ventilation system equipped with a flare system for harmful substances in conditions of ice crust formation. The factors that cause wear and decrease in the efficiency of engineering systems in conditions of ice rain are listed. After several cycles of freezing and thawing, the exhaust system remains operational without extraneous noise and vibrations, the exhaust devices operate normally, there is no imbalance of the fan impeller. The icing of the protective cover of the electric motor does not affect the bearings, winding, terminal box, impeller and other elements of the electric motor. For ventilation installations located in harsh climatic conditions, a reinforced protective cover design with a louvered grille is recommended. In case of extreme weather conditions, accompanied by severe icy-frost deposition (over 0.8 cm), it is recommended to exclude technological processes accompanied by salvo emissions of harmful substances.
Leveraging hybrid cloud architectures and Cosmos DB for sustainable IT solutions in ecology and natural resource management
Authors: Zaripova Rimma , Mentsiev Adam , Zainash Rushan
Published: June 2024

This article delves into the integration of hybrid cloud architectures with Cosmos DB, highlighting the strategic advantages and addressing the challenges organizations face in adopting this modern IT infrastructure. As businesses strive for greater flexibility, scalability, and security in their digital operations, hybrid cloud architectures emerge as a pivotal solution, blending the strengths of private and public clouds. The incorporation of Cosmos DB, with its global distribution, multi-model support, and tunable consistency levels, further enhances the capabilities of hybrid clouds, offering unparalleled performance and data management features. The article outlines a comprehensive approach to navigating the complexities of hybrid cloud management, emphasizing the importance of meticulous planning, the strategic selection of technologies, and the implementation of robust security measures. It explores practical solutions to common challenges, such as managing system complexity, ensuring data consistency across geographically dispersed locations, securing data against threats, and optimizing performance for global user bases. Through realworld examples and detailed strategies, the article demonstrates how organizations can effectively address these challenges, leveraging automation, multi-layered security strategies, and performance optimization techniques. The discussion underscores the transformative potential of hybrid cloud architectures and Cosmos DB integration in fostering innovation, agility, and competitive advantage in today’s rapidly evolving digital landscape. In conclusion, the article presents a forward-looking perspective on the role of hybrid cloud architectures and Cosmos DB in driving business efficiency and innovation. It emphasizes the need for continuous evaluation, the adoption of best practices, and the strategic use of cutting-edge technologies to realize the full potential of hybrid cloud implementations, positioning organizations for success in the digital era.
Hydrodynamics and mass transfer in a bioreactor with gas-to-liquid supply from the vortex cavity
Authors: Voinov Nikolai , Bogatkova Anastasia , Sukhanova Anna , Boyandin Anatoly , Zemtsov Denis , Ertiletskaya Natalya
Published: June 2024

The results of the study of hydrodynamic and mass transfer parameters of a stirred bioreactor during gas dispersion from the cavity of an open vortex to the area with reduced pressure in the liquid behind the impeller paddles are presented. New data were obtained on gas content, dispersed composition of gas bubbles, stirring power, and intensity of mass transfer in the air-water system, aqueous solutions of sucrose and glycerol of various concentrations and with different content of surfactants. The dependence of the stirring power on the gas content and Reynolds number, as well as the mass transfer coefficient on the boundary surface and energy dissipation, have been established. It is assumed that when calculating the dissipation of energy spent on developing a boundary surface, it is necessary to take into account the influence of viscous friction forces in the liquid. Dispersion of gas into liquid through an open vortex cavity in a stirred bioreactor allowed to increase the gas content, the boundary surface and to intensify mass transfer compared to conventional aeration systems.
Ethane as a Neutron Moderator at Cryogenic Temperatures
Authors: El Barbari Monia , Rücker Ulrich , Schwab Alexander , Chen Junyang , Zakalek Paul , Li Jingjing , Gutberlet Thomas , Brückel Thomas
Published: June 2024

The study’s objective is to examine the neutron temperature response, using liquid and solid ethane at various cryogenic temperatures to evaluate the effectiveness of ethane as a cold neutron moderator in compact moderator systems. The experimental measurements were carried out at temperatures of 170 K, 135 K, 100 K, 70 K, 50 K, 25 K, 15 K, and 10 K. Time-of-flight neutron spectra were measured with an instrument at the JULIC Neutron Platform. The effective temperatures of the neutron spectrum emitted are determined by fitting the Maxwellian distribution as a function of the wavelength.
A high brilliance low-frequency spallation source optimized for one single instrument
Authors: Akhyani Mina , Rϕnnow Henrik M. , Zanini Luca
Published: June 2024

Conducting neutron scattering experiments in the presence of high pulsed magnetic fields provides valuable information about the magnetic structures of materials. However, these experiments are challenging and time-consuming because the neutron count is typically low, due to the asynchronization between the neutron and magnetic pulses. In this paper we investigate the idea of having an optimized dedicated source, i.e. a second target station at the European Spallation Source (ESS). This involves extracting protons from the same linear accelerator (linac) as the first target, synchronizing their frequency with the magnetic pulse frequency. The lower frequency contributes to a considerable decrease in the average heat load and provides greater flexibility in positioning neutron optics due to reduced radiation damage. Through an analytical approach, we investigated the effect of the moderator size and the guide distance on the sample flux, and compared it to the current ESS design.
Corporate social responsibility: Die Regeln ändern sich – wie kann der Einkauf im Umfeld von ESG neue und nachhaltige Akzente setzen
Authors: Rong Oliver
Published: June 2024

Der Bereich Einkauf im Krankenhaus spielt eine entscheidende Rolle bei der Umsetzung von Nachhaltigkeitszielen und der Schaffung eines positiven Einflusses auf die Umwelt, die Gesellschaft und die Unternehmensführung (ESG). Dieser Beitrag untersucht, wie der Einkauf im Kontext von ESG neue und nachhaltige Akzente setzen kann. Zudem werden Erfolgsbeispiele dargestellt.
Intralogistik: Human-Machine-Teaming zwischen Technologieeinsatz und Zeitflexibilität
Authors: Kriegel Johannes , Gartner Markus
Published: June 2024

Die Last-Mile- und Intralogistik bildet eine erfolgskritische Unterstützungsfunktion im Krankenhaus. Durch ein verstärktes Human-Machine-Teaming (HMT) gilt es, die Vorteile der Technologieintegration mit der Flexibilität und Anpassungsfähigkeit des menschlichen Personals zu kombinieren.
Effiziente Logistik: Analyse, Bewertung und Auswahl von Transport-, Lager- und Kommissioniertechnik
Authors: Bredehorn Thomas , Rauch Christian
Published: June 2024

In der dynamischen Welt des Gesundheitswesens steht die bedarfsgerechte Versorgung der Krankenhäuser mit den notwendigen Artikeln und Produkten vor ständigen Herausforderungen, die eine effiziente und nachhaltige Logistik erfordern. Hierzu gilt es, belastbare strategische Entscheidungen hinsichtlich der Prozesse und der einzusetzenden Technik vorzubereiten und zu treffen.
A Systematic Review of Clinical Outcomes of Pedicled Flap Repairs of the Knee Extensor Mechanism
Authors: Lee Nayun , Fisher Marlie H. , McNamara Colin T. , Greyson Mark A. , Hogan Craig A. , Iorio Matthew L.
Published: June 2024

Background Rupture of the extensor mechanism of the knee has severe functional morbidity, and repair can be complicated by infection, allograft degeneration, and recurrent rupture. Techniques of autologous tissue repair utilizing pedicled flaps such as the gastrocnemius offer vascularized methods of reconstruction, with potentially diminished complication rates. The goal of this study was to evaluate the functional outcomes and complications associated with pedicled flap repair of the knee extensor mechanism.

Methods A systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systemic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Publications that focused on local myocutaneous flaps as a means for reconstruction were included. Causes for knee extensor mechanism deficit, flap characteristics, ambulation rate, changes in range of motion pre- and postoperation, and postoperative complications were analyzed. Technique reports including primary suture repairs, synthetic mesh, and allograft use were excluded.

Results An initial 119 studies were identified, with final review of 22 observational studies encompassing 128 cases of pedicled flap reconstructions. The gastrocnemius (88.2%, n = 113), quadriceps (6.3%, n = 8), and a combination of the vastus and gastrocnemius flaps (5.5%, n = 7), were the most frequently utilized flaps. Functional outcomes were favorable with 87.2% of patients achieving ambulation without external support. Variability in range of motion outcomes across different flap may be secondary to the patient characteristics as well as extent of initial injury.

Conclusions Autologous pedicle flap reconstruction of the knee extensor mechanism emerges as a viable option for cases characterized by extensive defects and insufficient soft tissue coverage, which are not amenable to direct suture repairs or allografts. Postoperative assessments revealed that the majority of patients experienced improved ambulation status, with no instances of deterioration noted among the patients.
Comparison of Freeze-Drying and Hot-Air Drying on the Appearance, Microscopic Characterization, and Ginsenosides Contents of the American Ginseng
Authors: Liang Qi , He Lin , Tian Qingqing , Ran Dong , Tao Hua , Huang Qinwan , Zhang Qing , Wu Chunjie , Peng Wei
Published: June 2024

Purpose Our purpose was to compare the difference between hot-air dried American ginseng (HDAG) (Panacis Quinquefolii Radix) and freeze-dried American ginseng (FDAG) (Panacis Quinquefolii Radix) and provide a better drying approach for improving the quality of American ginseng (Panacis Quinquefolii Radix).

Methods In our present study, we compared the appearance features of HDAG and FDAG using a CR-410 colorimeter and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, we qualitatively and quantitatively determined ginsenosides in HDAG and FDAG by using UPLC-Q Exactive Orbitrap-MS/MS and high-performance liquid chromatography.

Results Our present results showed that compared to the hot-air drying method, freeze-drying (FD) has obvious advantages in not only good appearances but also higher bioactive constituents for drying the American ginseng (Panacis Quinquefolii Radix).

Conclusion FD is beneficial for the retention of ginsenosides in American ginseng (Panacis Quinquefolii Radix) and also helpful for maintaining the bioactive effects of this functional food.
Clinical Efficacy and Experimental Research Progress on Traditional Chinese Medicine Moxibustion Therapy in Ovarian Injury
Authors: Wang Houpeng , Zhang Ning , Zheng Liping , Hu Liaoliao
Published: June 2024

This review summarizes the clinical efficacy and experimental research of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) moxibustion in the intervention of ovarian injury. Clinical and experimental research results have shown that as a nonpharmacological treatment method, Chinese medical moxibustion therapy is of great significance in the treatment of ovarian injuries such as diminished ovarian reserve, polycystic ovarian syndrome, premature ovarian failure, and premature ovarian insufficiency. Moxibustion, heat-sensitive moxibustion, and electroacupuncture have significant effects in improving ovarian function, overall treatment efficacy, pregnancy rate, ovulation rate, and sex hormone levels and have higher safety. Their therapeutic mechanisms have also been demonstrated. In conclusion, TCM moxibustion therapy has a significant effect in the treatment of ovarian injury, providing a new option for the treatment of the ovarian injury.
Palliative Interventions in Advanced Cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: Tadros Anthony S. , Tutton Sean , Redmond Jonas
Published: June 2024

Patients with advanced cholangiocarcinoma have poor prognosis and often experience severe tumor-related symptoms. Malignant biliary obstruction and cancer pain are common complications associated with advanced cholangiocarcinoma. We review percutaneous palliative interventions that can improve quality of life for these patients.
Exposure–Response Relationship between VWF/FVIII Activity and Spontaneous Bleeding Events Following Recombinant VWF Prophylaxis in Severe VWD
Authors: Leebeek Frank W.G. , Castaman Giancarlo , Marier Jean François , Özen Gülden , Bhattacharya Indranil , Zhang Jingmei , Wang Scarlett , Wang Yi
Published: June 2024

Background Recombinant von Willebrand factor (rVWF, vonicog alfa, Takeda Pharmaceuticals USA) is indicated in adults diagnosed with von Willebrand disease (VWD). In this study, the exposure–response (ER) relationship between VWF activity (VWF:RCo) or factor VIII activity (FVIII:C) and spontaneous bleeding events (BEs) was evaluated in adults with severe VWD receiving rVWF prophylaxis for up to 1 year.

Methods This secondary analysis included 23 patients receiving rVWF prophylaxis in the open-label, phase 3 prophylaxis trial (NCT02973087). Population pharmacokinetic (PK) and PK/pharmacodynamic (PD) models were used to characterize VWF activity and endogenous FVIII:C, and PK/PD simulations were linked to spontaneous BEs to develop an ER model.

Results None of the five patients with VWD types 1 or 2A/B experienced spontaneous BEs. Five of 18 patients with VWD type 3 experienced ≥1 spontaneous BEs. An ER relationship was observed whereby higher VWF:RCo levels were associated with a numerically lower spontaneous BE risk (p < 0.10). This relationship was independent of patients' pretrial VWF treatment. A statistically significant ER relationship was observed after accounting for relevant data (average ± standard error exposure estimate for VWF:RCo over 24 hours prior to the spontaneous BE: −0.043 ± 0.021, p = 0.041). The model-generated hazard ratio for a 10 IU/dL increment in the average exposure of VWF:RCo 24 hours before a spontaneous BE was 0.651 (95% confidence interval: 0.431–0.982).

Conclusions This ER analysis suggests a causal association between VWF:RCo and spontaneous BEs, with an increase of VWF:RCo exposure leading to a decrease in spontaneous BE risk.
The lattice Boltzmann method for mass transfer of miscible multicomponent mixtures: A review
Authors: Lourenço Ramon G. C. , Friggo João R. , Constantino Pedro H. , Tavares Frederico W.
Published: June 2024

Based on kinetic theory, the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is a versatile computational tool extensively applied to simulate diverse problems. It has particularly advanced in addressing general fluid flow, multiphase scenarios, and heat transfer. However, there is a notable gap in research concerning miscible fluids and an urgent need for thorough discussions on mass transfer via LBM in literature, emphasizing alternative modeling over traditional force and passive scalar models. Critical for applications, the understanding of mass transfer in miscible mixtures extends from scientific inquiry to engineering contexts. Hence, this review paper explores the dynamic interplay between mass transfer and fluid dynamics, focusing on the simulation of advection–diffusion problems for miscible non-reactive multicomponent mixtures through LBM. The paper categorizes two broad LBM strategies, the single-fluid and multifluid approaches, sheds light on their distinctive collision modeling techniques, and connects their mesoscale concepts to macroscopic properties and equations, such as viscosity, diffusion coefficient, and the Maxwell–Stefan and Fick equations. In the single-fluid strategy, we discuss the progress of the passive scalar models in mass transfer and the relevance of force models, such as the pseudopotential modeling, for simulation purposes. For multifluids, we detail the single collision technique and the alternative split collision scheme, in which, in this last one, we suggest classifying the models into explicit velocity-difference (Sirovich-based), equilibrium-adapted (Hamel-based), and quasi-equilibrium collision models. By providing a comprehensive overview, this text consolidates information regarding LBM mass transfer modeling, highlights directions for future research, and contributes to establishing a systematic approach for miscible mixtures.
Confinement, heating, and current drive study in Globus-M2 toward a future step of spherical tokamak program in Ioffe Institute
Authors: Kurskiev G. S. , Minaev V. B. , Sakharov N. V. , Gusev V. K. , Petrov Yu. V. , Miroshnikov I. V. , Bakharev N. N. , Balachenkov I. M. , Chernyshev F. V. , Dyachenko V. V. , Goryainov V. Yu. , Iliasova M. V. , Khilkevich E. M. , Khromov N. A. , Kiselev E. O. , Konovalov A. N. , Krikunov S. V. , Melnik A. D. , Novokhatskii A. N. , Patrov M. I. , Shchegolev P. B. , Shevelev A. E. , Shulyatiev K. D. , Skrekel O. M. , Solokha V. V. , Telnova A. Yu. , Teplova N. V. , Tkachenko E. E. , Tokarev V. A. , Tolstyakov S. Yu. , Troshin G. A. , Tukhmeneva E. A. , Varfolomeev V. I. , Voronin A. V. , Zhiltsov N. S. , Bagryansky P. A. , Ivanenko S. V. , Shikhovtsev I. V. , Solomakhin A. L. , Bondarchuk E. N. , Kavin A. A. , Mineev A. B. , Tanchuk V. N. , Voronova A. A. , Dolgova K. V. , Petrov A. V. , Ponomarenko A. M. , Rozhansky V. A. , Timokhin V. M. , Yashin A. Yu. , Konkov A. E. , Korenev P. S. , Mitrishkin Yu. V. , Zhilin E. G. , Solovey V. A.
Published: June 2024

This paper highlights the most important results achieved at the spherical tokamak Globus-M2 with a high magnetic field. This paper also covers the most important topics of fusion research: thermal energy confinement in regimes with neutral beam injection, toroidal Alfvén eigenmode and correspondent fast ions confinement issues, L-H transition, turbulence suppression and edge-localized modes' behavior, experimental and theoretical study of regimes with nitrogen seeding that allow to significantly reduce thermal loads on the divertor plates, and experiments and simulations of lower hybrid current drive. The research results provide the basis for the next step toward a fusion neutron source—the development of the Globus-3 spherical tokamak.
Structure and bandgap evolution of chromium selenide epitaxially grown on Au(111): From CrSe2 to Cr2Se3
Authors: Xu Shicheng , Liao Qin , Zhang Li , Tao Yanlin , Tian Qiwei , Zhang Chen , Li Bo , Tian Yuan , Yin Long-Jing , Zhang Lijie , Qin Zhihui
Published: June 2024

Two-dimensional (2D) chromium selenide with different stoichiometries have attracted considerable interest because of their exotic electronic and magnetic properties. Herein, the monolayer CrSe2 on the Au(111) substrate was synthesized by molecular beam epitaxy and annealed to form monolayer Cr2Se3, which was revealed by the scanning tunneling microscopy. Moiré superstructure in CrSe2/Au(111) was observed with a twist angle of ∼1.5°, and the stacking position-dependent p-type semiconducting characteristic of CrSe2 on Au(111) was recorded by scanning tunneling spectroscopy. Due to the annealing induced strong interfacial interaction, structural and electronic properties transited from CrSe2 to Cr2Se3, with the latter exhibiting metallic feature. Correspondingly, the original Se8 molecules surrounding CrSe2 assembled into 3×3 R30°-Se/Au reconstruction, which further verified the structural transition. Our work provides a basis for fundamental study of stoichiometric-dependent physics and potential applications in data storage devices.
Electric power transmission in triboelectric generators activated through dipolar depolarization
Authors: Taguchi Dai , Manaka Takaaki , Iwamoto Mitsumasa
Published: June 2024

The entropy change causing dipolar depolarization is proposed as an origin of electrical power generation in triboelectric generators using polar materials. Rubbing mechanically forces permanent dipoles in materials to become orientationally ordered, establishing a low entropy state with an initial dipolar polarization P0. In this state, the electric field within the materials is zero, but a nonzero Helmholtz free energy F=F0=P022(Cs−C∞) arises from the entropy contribution (Cs, static capacitance; C∞, capacitance at high frequency). Consequently, this state is energetically unstable and undergoes a spontaneous transition into a disordered high entropy state with F<F0, resulting in the establishment of a non-zero electric field. Through this process, the energy bounded in materials as the entropy component of free energy is converted, and the electrical energy becomes F0η with η=1−C∞Cs(0<η<1). Electrical circuit analysis shows that this energy conversion process can be well represented by introducing a virtual resistance Rp=τCs−C∞ (τ, dipolar relaxation time). This suggests that the entropy change in finite time τ serves as the origin of electrical power generators. Under the matching condition τ=CsR, the power spectrum at the load is best aligned with that at the generator, maximizing the power transmission. The results presented here serve as a basis for understanding the principle of electric power transmission in triboelectric generators through dipolar depolarization.
Time trends in positive gonorrhoea diagnoses at the Christchurch Sexual Health Service (2012–2022): a data audit study
Authors: Denison Hayley J. , Creighton Julie , Douwes Jeroen , Coshall Maureen , Young Heather
Published: June 2024

Background Gonorrhoea infections and antimicrobial resistance are rising in many countries, particularly among men who have sex with men, and an increasing proportion of infection is detected at extragenital sites. This study assessed trends in gonorrhoea diagnoses and antibiotic resistance at a sexual health service in New Zealand that followed national guidelines for specimen collection. Methods Routinely-collected data from Canterbury Health Laboratories of specimens taken at the Christchurch Sexual Health Service 2012–2022 were audited. Descriptive results included the number of patient testing events positive for gonorrhoea per year and site of infection (extragenital/urogenital). Annual test-positivity was calculated (number of positive patient testing events divided by total number of testing events) and the Cochran-Armitage Test for Trend was used to assess whether there was an association between test-positivity and year. Results Of 52,789 patient testing events, 1467 (2.8%) were positive for gonorrhoea (81% male). Half (49.3%) of people (57.9% of males, 12.2% of females) with a gonorrhoea infection had an extragenital infection in the absence of a urogenital infection. The number of extragenital infections increased at a faster rate than urogenital among males. Test-positivity increased from 1.3% in 2012 to 5.8% in 2022 (P < 0.001). Antimicrobial resistance was identified in many isolates. Ciprofloxacin resistance was high, but there were no cases of ceftriaxone resistance. Conclusions This study highlights the importance of extragenital sampling and maintaining bacterial culture methods for accurate diagnosis and treatment. The observation that gonorrhoea positivity rate and antimicrobial resistance rates are rising in New Zealand calls for urgent action.
Densitaxis: Active particle motion in density gradients
Authors: Shaik Vaseem A. , Elfring Gwynn J.
Published: June 2024

Organisms often swim through density-stratified fluids. Here, we investigate the dynamics of active particles swimming in fluid density gradients and report theoretical evidence of taxis as a result of these gradients (densitaxis). Specifically, we calculate the effect of density stratification on the dynamics of a force- and torque-free spherical squirmer and show that density gradients induce reorientation that tends to align swimming either parallel or normal to the gradient depending on the swimming gait. In particular, swimmers that propel by generating thrust in the front (pullers) rotate to swim parallel to gradients and hence display (positive or negative) densitaxis, while swimmers that propel by generating thrust in the back (pushers) rotate to swim normal to the gradients. This work could be useful to understand the motion of marine organisms in ocean or be leveraged to sort or organize a suspension of active particles by modulating density gradients.
Secondary electron emission yield in thick dielectric materials: a comparison between Kelvin probe and capacitive methods
Authors: Mata R , Cros A , Gimeno B , Raboso D
Published: June 2024

The recent high demand of secondary electron emission yield (SEY) measurements in dielectric materials from space industry has driven SEY laboratories to improve their facilities and measurement techniques. SEY determination by the common capacitive method, also known as pulsed method, is well accepted and has given satisfactory results in most cases. Nevertheless, the samples under study must be prepared according to the experimental limitations of the technique, i.e. they should be manufactured separated from the devices representing faithfully the surface state of the own device and be as thin as possible. A method based on the Kelvin probe (KP) is proposed here to obtain the SEY characteristics of electrically floating Platinum, Kapton and Teflon placed over dielectric spacers with thicknesses ranging from 1.6 to 12.1 mm. The results are compared with those of the capacitive method and indicate that KP SEY curves are less sensitive to spacer thickness. An explanation based on the literature is also given. In all, we have established that KP is better suited for the analysis of dielectric samples thicker than 3 mm.
Experimental study on synchronous detection of output force in a self-sensing giant magnetostrictive actuator
Authors: Xie Dongjian , Zhang Yahui , Wu Haomin , Yang Yikun , Yang Bintang
Published: June 2024

This paper systematically investigates the real-time detection of static and dynamic output forces by a self-sensing giant magnetostrictive actuator (SSGMA). The online stiffness of the actuator is perceived as the sensing signal according to the ΔE effect of Terfenol-D. Numerical simulations are carried out to analyze the effects of the driving magnetic field and the hysteresis caused by magneto-mechanical coupling on the performance of self-sensing output force. Then the prototype is fabricated and tested to verify the self-sensing characteristics of SSGMA for the output force. The noise density of prototype is tested to be below 56.92 nV √Hz−1. The experimental results illustrate that SSGMA has a self-detection sensitivity of 0.47 mV N−1 for a static force with an amplitude of nearly 120 N. The SSGMA is able to synchronize the tracking of quasi-static and low-frequency dynamic output forces, respectively. The hereby proposed SSGMA further broadens the application scenario of precision actuation systems by synchronizing the detection and control of the output force without requiring external sensors.