bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Minimizing Restraint and Seclusion in Schools: A Response to Beaudoin and Moore
Authors: Walker Virginia L. , Pinkelman Sarah E.
Published: May 2018

Increasing efforts have been made in the field of special education to identify positive, evidence-based practices (EBPs) to meet the needs of students who engage in problem behavior, with a major goal being to eliminate or limit the use of reactive measures such as restraint and seclusion (Snell & Walker, 2014). Various stakeholders, including families and self-advocates, have voiced concerns about the dangers of restraint and seclusion and the lack of protection afforded to students who engage in severe problem behavior. In the previous article in this issue of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, Beaudoin and Moore (2018) echo these concerns in their account of a family's experience with restraint as told from the perspective of a father whose son was subjected to restraint, resulting in a number of adverse short- and long-term consequences that affected the entire family. In response to Beaudoin and Moore, we provide readers with a brief review of the current status of restraint and seclusion in school settings and evidence-based strategies that can be used to address severe problem behavior and reduce the need for restraint and seclusion. For readers interested in exploring restraint and seclusion in greater depth, we suggest recent work by Trader and colleagues (2017). We also have outlined guidelines for behavior support planning that should be considered by various stakeholders as educators work toward establishing safe and supportive school environments that address a wide range of student behavioral needs.
Assessing the Confidence of Australian Mental Health Practitioners in Delivering Therapy to People With Intellectual Disability
Authors: Hronis Anastasia , Roberts Lynette , Kneebone Ian
Published: May 2018

Research supports the use of psychological therapies among people with mild to moderate intellectual disability (ID). One barrier to people with ID accessing psychological treatments is the confidence of mental health practitioners. This article explores the confidence of Australian clinicians in providing therapy to people with ID. One hundred and fifty-two psychologists and counselors in Australia completed a survey exploring self-reported confidence when working with clients who have ID and mental health difficulties. Clinicians were most confident with generic counseling skills, but less confident with elements of assessments and interventions. The use of treatment protocols was endorsed as helpful particularly among those with low confidence. This highlights the need for dissemination of treatment guides and training to help increase clinician confidence.
Supporting Women at the Time of Abortion: A Mixed‐Methods Study of Male Partner Experiences and Perspectives
Authors: Nguyen Brian T. , Hebert Luciana E. , Newton Sara L. , Gilliam Melissa L.
Published: May 2018

CONTEXT

Although men are commonly viewed as unaware, uninvolved and even obstructive regarding their partner's abortion access, those who accompany women to an abortion appointment may be more supportive. A better understanding of men's motivations could inform clinic policies regarding their involvement.

METHODS

In 2015–2016, data were collected from male partners of women seeking an abortion at two clinics in a large Midwestern city. Twenty‐nine interviews were conducted to explore how men wanted to be involved in the abortion and why they accompanied their partners. Thematic content analysis was used to examine these data, and emergent themes informed a survey, completed by 210 men, that focused on perceptions about and reasons for accompaniment. Descriptive statistics were calculated for the survey data.

RESULTS

Four in 10 interviewees were aged 25–34, as were half of survey respondents. Overall, most had at least some college education and were in long‐term or committed relationships. Interviewees described providing primarily instrumental (e.g., transportation and financial) and emotional (e.g., companionship and reassurance) support during the abortion process. While 57% of survey respondents would not have chosen to terminate the pregnancy if the decision had been their own, all wanted to support their partners. Notably, 70% viewed the appointment as an opportunity to receive contraceptive counseling.

CONCLUSIONS

Positive narratives regarding men's support for the abortion decisions of their partners provide a counterpoint to commonly held negative narratives. Future research should explore how supportive men who accompany partners at the time of an abortion may improve women's abortion experiences.
UNCERTAINTY PROPAGATION FOR LWR BURNUP BENCHMARK USING SAMPLING BASED CODE SCALE/SAMPLER
Authors: Campolina Daniel , Frybort Jan
Published: May 2018

Sampling based method is adopted in many fields of engineering and it is currently used to propagate uncertainties from physical parameters and from nuclear data, to integral indicators of nuclear systems. The total uncertainty associated with a model simulation is of major importance for safety analysis and to guide vendors about acceptable tolerance limits for nuclear installations parts. This work presents some calculations to propagate uncertainties for a nuclear reactor fuel element modeled in SCALE/TRITON, using the sampling tool SCALE/SAMPLER. Results showed that that the influence of input uncertainties on kinf is more pronounced in the fresh core other than the depleted core and the contribution from studied manufacturing uncertainties is smaller than the contribution of nuclear data uncertainties.
ULTRA-LOW INTENSITY PROTON BEAMS FOR RADIATION RESPONSE RELATED EXPERIMENTS AT THE U-120M CYCLOTRON
Authors: Matlocha Tomas , Krizek Filip
Published: May 2018

The U-120M cyclotron at the Nuclear Physics Institute (NPI) of the Czech Academy of Sciences in Rez is used for radiation hardness tests of electronics for high-energy physics experiments. These tests are usually carried out with proton fluxes of the order of 105–109 proton·cm−2·s−1. Some tests done for the upgrade of the Inner Tracking System of the ALICE experiment at CERN, however, required proton beam intensities several orders of magnitude lower. This paper presents a method which has been developed to achieve the proton beam flux of the order of 1 proton · cm−2·s−1. The method is mainly based on reduction of the discharge current in the cyclotron internal Penning type ion source. Influence of this new operation mode on the lifetime of ion source cathodes is discussed.
NEUTRONIC ANALYSIS OF THE CANDIDATE MULTI-LAYER CLADDING MATERIALS WITH ENHANCED ACCIDENT TOLERANCE FOR WWER REACTORS
Authors: Novák Ondřej , Ševeček Martin
Published: May 2018

The paper summarizes preliminary results of neutronic analysis of candidate ATF cladding materials that are under development at the CTU in Prague. To evaluate basic neutronics-related characteristics the Serpent code was used which is a Monte-Carlo based simulation tool. A model of WWER fuel was developed and basic neutronic analysis performed. All coating materials entail certain reactivity penalty compared to reference uncoated cladding that was quantified. The coating of cladding affects also other neutron-physical parameters of cores that modify the performance of the WWER reactors that are discussed.
The individual empowerment program improves glycemic and lipid controls in admitted type 2 DM patients
Authors: Theeranut Ampornpan , Methakanjanasak Nonglak , Surit Pattama , Ruaisungnoen Wasana , Sawanyawisuth Kittisak , Saensom Donwiwat
Published: May 2018

Aim. To evaluate the short-term effects of the empowerment program on glycemic and lipid profiles in an inpatient setting for DM type 2 patients.
Materials and methods. This was a quasi-experimental study conducted between October 2013 and June 2015. We enrolled diabetes patients admitted to the hospital, age over 35 years, and HbA1c 7%. During the admission, the intervention group received the empowerment course three times prior to discharge, the control group received standard diabetes and nursing care. All patients body weight, HbA1c, HDL-c, and LDL levels were evaluated at three and six months after discharge. All outcomes were compared between the control and intervention group.
Results. A total of 57 diabetes patients participated in the study, with 27 in the intervention group and 30 in the control group. The intervention group had significantly higher HbA1c levels than the control group (10.3% vs 8.0%; p value 0.001). After discharge, the mean HbA1c and LDL-c levels of the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group at three and six months, while the mean HDL-c level of the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group at six months (1.54 vs 1.29 mmol/L; p value 0.001). The average body mass index of the intervention group was also significantly lower than that of the control group at six months (22.74 vs 25.54 kg/m2; p value = 0.016).
Conclusion. The individual empowerment program improved short-term glycemic and lipid outcomes in admitted diabetes mellitus patients.
Differential diagnostic utilities of combined testing for islet cell antibody, glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody, and tyrosine phosphatase antibody
Authors: Timofeev Alexei V. , Koltunov Igor E. , Petriaikina Elena E. , Rybkina Irina G. , Samsonova Lubov N. , Tiulpakov Anatoly N. , Zubkova Natalia A. , Kolomina Irina G. , Evsjukova Evgenia A. , Bukin Sergey S. , Khrushchev Alexey C.
Published: May 2018

Background. Beta-cell antibody tests are used for the differential diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. They permit to discriminate between the type 1 diabetes (T1D) and non-autoimmune diabetes types. To choose an appropriate test for ruling in or ruling out the T1D a physician needs to know how conclusive test results are. The most powerful estimate of test conclusiveness is its likelihood ratio (LHR). The higher LHR of a positive result (LHR+), the more posttest probability of T1D; the lower LHR of a negative result (LHR), the less posttest probability of T1D.
Aims. To compare conclusiveness of single and combined tests for antibodies to islet cells (ICA), glutamate decarboxylase (GADA), and tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 (IA-2A), and to evaluate posttest probabilities of T1D at various pretest probabilities.
Methods. All antibodies were tested in parallel in 169 children and adolescents with a new-onset T1D, and in 169 persons without this disease. ICA, GADA, and IA-2A were determined by indirect immunofluorescence, radioimmune assay, and ELISA, respectively. LHR+ and LHR were calculated with the MedCalc Statistical Software. Posttest T1D probabilities were calculated from Bayes theorem-based equation.
Results. Among single tests, an ICA test had the greatest LHR+ and the smallest LHR, and consequently was the most reliable either for ruling in or ruling out the T1D. Among test combinations, an ICAGADA combination had the greatest LHR+ and was the most suitable for T1D confirmation. The triple combination ICAGADAIA-2A had the smallest LHR and was the most suitable for T1D exclusion.
Conclusions. In the differential diagnosis of diabetes, the most appropriate test for ruling in the T1D is the double combination ICAGADA. With both antibodies positive, this combination provides the highest posttest T1D probabilities at any pretest probability. The most appropriate test for ruling out the T1D is the triple combination ICAGADAIA-2A. With all three antibodies negative, this combination provides the lowest posttest T1D probabilities.
Changes in loading distribution in patients with Charcot foot during long-term follow-up
Authors: Demina Anastasia G. , Bregovskiy Vadim B. , Karpova Irina A. , Tcvetkova Tatiana L.
Published: May 2018

Background. The inactive stage of the diabetic Charcot arthropathy foot (CA) is characterised by fixed foot deformities and an absence of inflammation. However, it remains unclear if the shape of the foot and its biomechanics change during long-term follow-up.
Aim. To evaluate changes in loading distribution of the affected foot, in patients with inactive CA, during long-term follow-up.
Materials and methods. Twenty seven patients with unilateral inactive CA (19 females, 8 males) were studied. Computer pedography (emed AT, novel gmbh) was performed and baseline and the last studies were analysed. Maximal peak pressures (PP) were obtained for the first and the last studies and the percentage of the PP change was calculated for the total follow-up period and for periods: 24 months, 2448 months, 48 months.
Results. PP increased: under the hallux 50%; 1st metatarsal30.7%; 2nd toe20%; 2nd toe6%; midfoot9%. PP decreased under 35 toes up to 67%. Significant changes at the first period were found under 35 toes only (62%). The increase in loading under the other parts of the foot appeared at 24 months; however, these changes became significant between 24 and 48 months and peaked after 48 months of follow-up. The maximal increase of PP was noticed under the hallux, the 2nd toe, metatarsals 13 and the midfoot.
Conclusions. We revealed the gradual redistribution of PP, under the different parts of the foot, in patients with inactive CA. This redistribution reflects changes in the shape of the affected foot. The loading increased under the hallux, the 2nd toe and the corresponding metatarsals, 3rd metatarsal and midfoot, and decreased under the 35 toes. These changes increased during the follow-up, becoming more pronounced after 4 or more years. Our data may be useful for constructing custom-made footwear for patients with CA.
El reformismo borbónico en España y en las colonias americanas : un recorrido historiográfico.
Authors: Di Falco Angelo
Published: May 2018

El presente artículo de investigación ofrece un análisis cualitativo sobre unas de las recientes investigaciones en el área española y suramericana que estudian el reformismo borbónico, un tema muy discutido en el ámbito historiográfico que, como emerge de las conclusiones, todavía no crea unanimidad en las interpretaciones, al existir diferentes opiniones sobre los orígenes y el alcance de las reformas, incluso la periodización del reformismo mismo.
De presidios a heterotopías fronterizas : análisis de la transformación histórico-política de Ceuta y Melilla.
Authors: Sagnella Angela
Published: May 2018

En la costa norte del litoral marroquí dos pequeños ribetes, Ceuta y Melilla, se ofrecen como anacrónicos vestigios del imperio colonial español. Los dos enclaves, transfigurados y modelados por los signos que la historia colonial les ha cosido encima, han visto transformada su condición de simples bases de guerra y apertura al comercio en el Mediterráneo en fronteras europeas encargadas de filtrar el tráfico migratorio procedente, principalmente, del África subsahariana. ¿Cómo y por qué se ha podido, a lo largo de la convulsiva historia de los enclaves, realizar dicha conversión? El presente artículo de investigación aborda esta pregunta, rastreando y desentrañando –a través de un intenso análisis histórico-político– las circunstancias que han permitido y alentado la transformación de Ceuta y Melilla en heterotopías fronterizas ubicadas en el linde más remoto de Europa.
Camilla Cattarulla (ed.), identità culinarie in Sudamérica : Roma, Nova Delphi Libri, 2017.
Authors: Colucciello Mariarosaria
Published: May 2018

Reseña
Lo andino en la historia : raíces de una elusiva identidad.
Authors: Ayala Mora Enrique
Published: May 2018

El presente artículo de investigación pone en evidencia que, detrás del proceso histórico estudiado, hay una unificación de la historia mediante los paradigmas de la hegemonía civilizatoria de Occidente. El proceso, profunda y rigurosamente explicado mediante una metodología cualitativa, destacará en las conclusiones las consecuencias de la colonización de América Latina, que se proyecta como una periferia que busca dignificar su memoria y construir una identidad.
Más allá de Babel : mitos de la comunidad y políticas de la identidad entre filosofía y acción política en Europa y en América Latina.
Authors: Cammarata Roberto
Published: May 2018

El presente artículo de investigación propone una confrontación entre dos narraciones fundacionales de diferentes ideas o «modelos» de comunidad: por un lado, la gemeinschaft pensada por Tönnies y reelaborada por Schmitt y, por otro, la comunidad a la que se refieren los pueblos indígenas latinoamericanos. El artículo se concentra en cómo los elementos de la identidad cultural y de pertenencia pueden ser utilizados para motivar políticas y normas de signo contrario, orientadas tanto a la exclusión como a la inclusión, a la discriminación o a la emancipación de determinados individuos o grupos sociales. Se reconstruyen, mediante una metodología cualitativa, dos caminos paralelos que van del lenguaje político a la producción normativa: por un lado, el que individua en la concepción de la «comunidad-estirpe» el elemento central de la retórica generativa de las políticas europeas de cierre identitario, y especialmente de esa que en Italia se conoce como «período de las ordenanzas discriminatorias»; por otro lado, el camino que, partiendo del relato de la «multiplicidad originaria de los diversos», ha llevado a los indígenas latinoamericanos a la reivindicación y al reconocimiento, internacional y estatal, de una nueva categoría de derechos humanos, los derechos colectivos de los pueblos indígenas, y que ha llevado a algunos Estados latinoamericanos a adoptar políticas para la diferencia y reformas constitucionales de tipo pluralista e intercultural.
Zasady dynamiki misyjnej według św. Pawła (refleksja misjonarza)
Authors: KROEGER JAMES H.
Published: May 2018

Saint Paul, apostle par excellence, tirelessly labored to spread the Gospel, particularly in the Gentile world. His missionary travels and encounter with diverse peoples, cultures, and religions form the matrix or context of his missionary methods. A comprehensive examination of Paul’s writings yields much mission wisdom and insight shaped by his apostolic experience and dynamic faith. This presentation suggests ten “mission principles”-derived from Paul’s profound reflection and “applied” to missionary engagement today.
Światowa Organizacja Zdrowia i opieka medyczna sprawowana przez instytucje religijne w 30 lat po deklaracji w Ałma Ata
Authors: PAWŁOWSKI ZBIGNIEW
Published: May 2018

Considerable changes, concerning the scope of the completion of the basic health care for all, which was offered originally in year 2000 are developing in very close relation to the missionary medical care centers. One of the most common issues is the idea of the basic health care for all. Another important question is linked to the role and future of medical centers run by religious institutions. Following matter is the necessary reorganization of the work of medical centers led by religious institutions. It is essential but have to be projected from the new global perspective. Finally going back to the main subject, the article presents the declaration published recently by the World Health Organization (WHO) on the collaboration with medical centers, guided by Faith-Based Organizations (FBO).
Wyrażanie rozkazu w trzech hausańkich tłumaczeniach Ewangelii według sw. Łukasza
Authors: BOGUSIAK MAŁGORZATA
Published: May 2018

Hausa in one of the most important and well known African language. It is used in northern Nigeria and in the south of Niger. There were several attempts to translate Bible into Hausa. It is believed that every next translation should be better, because languages are in permanent change and the biblical knowledge is still developing. In this text I would like to examine, which versions of Luke Gospel in Hausa (translated in 1932, 1979 or in 1996), take into consideration nuances in building imperative forms. There are two ways to express imperative in Hausa, but only one in Greek(the original language of Luke Gospel). I present several examples to show, that translators choose different imperative forms in the same verse. I examine which version takes into account context of given example.
Chrześcijański hip-hop w służbie nowej ewangelizacji
Authors: KAMIŃSKA MARTA
Published: May 2018

This article presents an attempt to show the “Christian” version of hip-hop or rap music. Even though at the beginning this kind of music was anti-Christian and this might be still in the mainstream, there are however some attempts of creating such a kind of music with an attitude of searching for deeper meaning in life and finding it sometimes in Christian life. Very important in this process was an audience, which John Paul II gave to the artists of this kind of music, somehow confirming that such music also might be used for evangelization.
Status Games: Market Driving through Social Influence in the U.S. Wine Industry
Authors: Humphreys Ashlee , Carpenter Gregory S.
Published: May 2018

Research on market orientation finds that market-driven firms succeed by identifying and appealing to consumer needs. Yet many technologically innovative firms achieve remarkable success by taking a market-driving approach. The ways that firms drive markets without disruptive innovation, however, remain unclear. Adopting a market-systems perspective, the authors conduct an ethnographic analysis of producers, distributors, retailers, critics, and consumers in the U.S. wine market. They find that firms drive the market by playing a status game. Firms pursue a vision and advance that vision among influencers inside and outside the industry to gain recognition. Winners of the status game influence and drive social consensus by setting benchmarks and shaping consumer preferences to the firm's advantage. High status is difficult to imitate, creating an advantage that can endure for years or decades.
On average dimensions of particle transport estimators
Authors: Sobol Ilya M. , Shukhman Boris V.
Published: May 2018

We considered average dimensions of the weighted Monte Carlo algorithm for a particle transport problem with multi-scattering setting and estimated the probability of particles penetration through a layer.
The average dimension

d
^

{\hat{d}}

of the algorithm turned out to be small so that quasi-Monte Carlo estimates of the probability converge much faster than the Monte Carlo estimates.
We justified the reasons to expect that the convergence of
quasi-Monte Carlo estimates continue to be faster as the thickness of the layer increases.
Here we calculated

d
^

{\hat{d}}

without the use of the ANOVA expansion.
The LONGLIFE European Approach for Long-Term Operation
Authors: Ballesteros Avila Antonio
Published: May 2018

An overview of the long-term operation (LTO) conditions in European nuclear power plants is presented herein together with recommendations for the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) surveillance programs based on the work performed in the international project LONGLIFE (Treatment of Long-Term Irradiation Embrittlement Effects in RPV Safety Assessment). Surveillance guidelines were developed in this project to support the potential end users (utilities, nuclear power plants, research organizations, etc.) in selecting the appropriate strategy and technical approaches for RPV irradiation surveillance for LTO, thus contributing to a reliable monitoring of the long-term irradiation effects in RPV and supporting the European efforts toward harmonizing procedures for RPV surveillance and safety assessment.
Surveillance Program Lessons Learned
Authors: Long Elliot J. , Hall J. Brian
Published: May 2018

The requirements for nuclear power plants to have a reactor vessel (RV) material surveillance program are codified into federal law per U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) 10 CFR 50, Appendix H. The purpose of material surveillance programs is to monitor changes in the fracture toughness properties of ferritic materials in the RV under neutron irradiation and the thermal environment. Surveillance capsules are withdrawn periodically from the RV and then tested and evaluated. Results are reported following the guidelines laid forth in ASTM E185-82, Standard Practice for Conducting Surveillance Tests for Light-Water Cooled Nuclear Power Reactor Vessels. Ideally, surveillance capsule lessons learned would be unnecessary; in practice, however, surveillance capsule management does not always run smoothly. Numerous lessons learned have been discovered, including lead factor lag, field failures, shipping situations, material maintenance, design decisions, and regulatory requirements. These lessons represent situations that have affected multiple nuclear plant programs and that should be mitigated in future surveillance capsule programs. Many of these lessons have been addressed with changes to the ASTM standards or shared with the industry via general operating experiences. More work is necessary between all parties, owners, vendors, and regulators to continue ensuring safe plant operation in regard to mitigating the past problems observed in the fleet-wide surveillance capsule programs from around the world.
The Bases for WWER Vessel Surveillance Programs: General Requirements
Authors: Brumovský Milan
Published: May 2018

Water-water energetic reactors (WWERs) are in principle pressurized water reactors (PWRs), but they are designed, manufactured, and operated according to the former Russian rules, standards, and requirements. Their surveillance specimen programs are designed, manufactured, operated, tested, and evaluated with the same aim but with some differences resulting from the different codes and approaches. This paper describes the main requirements of codes and rules for WWER surveillance program design, manufacturing, operation, testing, and test result evaluation and compare them with those for light water reactors.
UK Surveillance Schemes
Authors: Wilford Keith , Ortner Susan , Chivers Katherine
Published: May 2018

The United Kingdom has included surveillance schemes in nuclear reactors since Calder Hall started in 1957. Early experience in Magnox reactors showed their importance, and sampling schemes have been developed over the years to reflect improvements in the understanding of irradiation damage mechanisms and methods of structural integrity assessment. The wide range of exposure conditions in these reactors led to the use of surveillance data for developing predictive models. The results of Magnox surveillance have carried through to the steel components in the UK advanced gas-cooled reactors. An extensive surveillance scheme has been included in the Sizewell B pressurized water reactor and captured many of the lessons learned. UK naval reactors also include surveillance samples, but the small size of the reactors and their refueling schedules limit the type of specimens. The approach has been to design the tests to represent the entire reactor fleet with samples in a particular reactor, also including earlier and later ones. Although many lessons have been learned in the development of UK surveillance schemes, key points include the advantages gained from testing samples appropriate to design needs in reducing the need for property-to-property correlations, integration across a fleet, and particularly the provision of plentiful archive material (and retention of tested material), both for control samples and for new tests that may be stimulated by changes in technology and understanding over time.
Reactor Pressure Vessel Surveillance Programs in Belgium
Authors: Gérard Robert , Chaouadi Rachid
Published: May 2018

Reactor pressure vessel (RPV) irradiation embrittlement is monitored by means of surveillance capsules containing the RPV beltline materials that are inserted in the RPV before the start of operation. These capsules are placed at locations in which they receive a higher neutron flux than the vessel wall by a factor on the order of two to three. They are regularly retrieved and tested to evaluate RPV irradiation embrittlement according to specific regulatory procedures and standards to guarantee the safe operation of the RPV throughout its lifetime. These procedures often rely on empirical but conservative concepts. Taking advantage of the improved understanding of irradiation effects, analytical tools have been developed to improve the quality of RPV embrittlement assessment. These tools become particularly important in the case of operation beyond the original design life of 40 years. In this framework, an alternative but complementary and enhanced surveillance program assessment has been developed in Belgium that benefits from the latest developments in the area of material science and irradiation effects. By combining a few additional experimental tests and multiple property correlations supported by analytical tools, the data can be assessed in a much more consistent way than relying on the sole Charpy test and empirical correlations. The enhanced surveillance approach has previously been described, and only the main points are summarized herein, the focus being on the application to the Belgian units. The benefits of such an approach in enhancing the confidence in the surveillance results and in demonstrating the existence of additional safety margins with respect to the regulatory approach are highlighted.
Korean RPV Surveillance Programs
Authors: Lee Bong-Sang , Yoon Ji-Hyun , Kim Min-Chul , Yoo Choon-Sung , Kim Byoung-Chul
Published: May 2018

In Korea, surveillance tests of pressurized water reactor (PWR) vessels are mandatory, and six surveillance capsules are generally installed on each reactor vessel during its construction stage. Three to five capsules are tested within the original design lifetime depending on the changes in their mechanical properties. The surveillance test results indicate that all beltline materials, except the circumferential weld of Kori-1, meet the Charpy screening criteria for irradiation embrittlement. The Linde 80 flux high-copper weld was subjected to a detailed safety margin analysis using fracture mechanics testing and analysis methods. Based on the J-R and Master Curve test results, an equivalent safety margin of the Kori-1 reactor vessel was demonstrated for continued operation beyond its design lifetime. Ex-vessel neutron dosimetry (EVND) programs are conducted for the PWRs whose in-vessel surveillance capsules have all been withdrawn for testing or storage. However, in Korea, EVND programs have been implemented for all operating PWRs to complement the long intervals between in-vessel surveillance capsule tests and to improve the reliability of the surveillance program. The accuracy of neutron exposure calculations was sufficiently good for both in- and ex-vessel dosimetry systems per the requirements in U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Regulatory Guide 1.190.
Swedish RPV Surveillance Programs
Authors: Efsing Pal , Ekström Peter
Published: May 2018

Because the reactors of the Swedish reactor program were erected over a limited period of time, there are significant similarities regarding used materials and manufacturing methods between the different units. Each individual plant is supplied with a plant-specific surveillance program that reflects the materials utilized in the belt-line area form the start of operation. The programs were originally based on U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission guidance and supported by ASTM codes and standards, and the reactors were originally constructed for an estimated operating time of 40 years. The programs have been updated to reflect the fact that current planning calls for up to 60 years of operation for several of the most recent plants. The surveillance programs are to be validated and accepted by the Swedish Radiation Safety Authority.
Neutron Dosimetry Overview for WWERs
Authors: Brumovský Milan , Marek Milan
Published: May 2018

Neutron dosimetry is a mandatory part of the monitoring of irradiation conditions within the reactor pressure vessels (RPVs) of all type of reactors, including water-water energetic reactors (WWERs). The main experimental part is connected with the surveillance specimen programs because the determination of neutron fluence in each of the surveillance specimens is required for the evaluation of radiation damage in RPV materials. Ex-vessel (cavity) neutron dosimetry is practically mandatory for all WWERs because it serves as the basis for fitting results from calculations of neutron fluence in the RPV wall. In addition, retrospective neutron dosimetry in WWER RPVs is supported by a high content (approximately 1 wt.%) of niobium in the upper layer of the austenitic cladding on the inner RPV surface. This paper describes the main principles of experimental neutron dosimetry in WWER RPVs and some specific results for different types of their units and different surveillance specimen programs. Some discussion is also held regarding different approaches for neutron fluence determination, i.e., for a differential threshold energy equal to 0.5 MeV in WWER studies.
Experience Gained in Reactor Pressure Vessel Surveillance Programs in France
Authors: Todeschini Patrick , Pineau Louison , Courtois Benoît , Shen Yang , Gharbaoui Malika El , Jardin Nicolas
Published: May 2018

This paper describes the methodology of the French surveillance program as well as some aspects of the experience gained during its progress. Its main uses in the structural integrity assessment of the vessel consist of updating and validating the conservatism of the prediction of the lower-bound toughness curve used to assess the margins against brittle fracture. Its perspectives in the frame of the planned extended operation beyond 40 years are associated with the flux reductions that will be implemented in the 900-MWe fleet. Two surveillance capsules are dedicated to a specific monitoring in the 40 to 60-year range to complement the data set in the relevant fluence range.
Surveillance Program for Irradiation Embrittlement of Reactor Pressure Vessels in Japan
Authors: Hirota Takatoshi , Hirano Takashi , Uchihashi Masayuki , Toyoda Tetsuya , Takamoto Shinichi , Soneda Naoki
Published: May 2018

The surveillance program for neutron irradiation embrittlement of reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steels is specified in Japan Electric Association Code (JEAC) 4201 [1]. The first version of the code was issued in 1970 to prescribe the baseline requirements for the surveillance program. A method for predicting a shift in the transition temperature due to neutron irradiation embrittlement (i.e., embrittlement trend curve [ETC]) for Japanese RPV steels was first introduced in 1991. This code was revised in 2007 to incorporate the methods for reconstituting surveillance test specimens and a withdrawal schedule of surveillance capsules beyond 40 years of operation. The ETC was revised in 2007 and again in 2013 to improve the correlation between the measured and calculated shift of the transition temperature. After the Fukushima accident, the Japanese Nuclear Regulatory Agency (NRA) demanded that additional surveillance tests be conducted if a utility wants to operate their plants beyond 40 years. This paper describes the details of the current JEAC 4201 specifications and NRA requirements as well as additional industry practices for addressing RPV embrittlement.
Treatment of mandibular odontogenic keratocyst by decompression with a customized removable device: A case report and literature review
Authors: EGE Bilal , ÇALIŞIR Metin
Published: May 2018

Keratocystic
odontogenic tumor (KCOT) is a rare, bening intraosseous tumor of odontogenic
origin with a potential of aggressive and infiltrative behavior. It shows
specific histopathological features, and has a high recurrence rate. In this report,
we present a case of 17 year old female patient with large-sized KCOT associated
with impacted third molar in the mandibular ramus region and its decompression
treatment. Decompression was applied by a customized removable appliance to
prevent the closing of the cyst cavity. On the 3rd and 6th months of the
control radiography, it was seen that the calcification foci began to be seen
and erupting the impacted teeth as a result of shrinkage of the lesion volume. After
18 months, there was a normal contrast image on the tomography and the
intraoral healing was uneventfully.Keywords: Customized
removable aparey, decompression
treatment, keratocystic odontogenic tumor.
Kazimiero Barėno laiškai Klaipėdos universiteto bibliotekos dr. Kazio Pemkaus bibliotekoje-archyve
Authors: Steponavičiūtė Emilija Danutė
Published: May 2018

[straipsnis ir santrauka lietuvių kalba; santrauka anglų kalba]

Straipsnyje analizuojami Klaipėdos universiteto bibliotekos dr. Kazio Pemkaus bibliotekoje-archyve saugomi Kazimiero Barėno egodumentai. Turimi laiškai pateikia duomenų apie K. Barėno leidybos darbą, asmenybę, literatūros metraščio „Pradalgės“ leidybos pradžią ir istoriją, supažindina su išeivijos rašytojais Alfonsu Šešplaukiu-Tyruoliu ir Juozu Švaistu bei kitais išeivijos kultūros darbuotojais.
An Overview of Foreign Trade and Economic Relations of the Republic of Belarus with the EU and Lithuania
Authors: Cohen Viktorija , Akulich Ivan , Sverlov Aleksey
Published: May 2018

Foreign trade fosters not only companies but national economies to maximize their gains for the benefit of a better living standard. In developing countries, such as Belarus, the volume of foreign trade depends on the path of liberalization and integration into the trade with the EU. This paper analyzes foreign trade and economic relations between the EU, Lithuania and Belarus.
Price Rigidity in Norway in the Nineteenth Century
Authors: Visockytė Ligita
Published: May 2018

This paper analyzes nominal price development in Norway from 1830 to 1920 and fills a gap in the literature on nominal price rigidity in Europe during the nineteenth and the beginning of the twentieth centuries. The research question: how did the nominal price rigidity change in Norway during this time period? The focus on Norway is justified because of the availability of historical data and gaps in literature concerning the nominal rigidities.The analysis of some of the digitized data for Oslo, Bergen and Stavanger during the period of 1830–1913 indicate that: a) The flexibility of prices did not change much during the classical Gold Standard in Norway; b) The change in price rigidity mainly came because of the changing magnitude of price changes; c) The decrease in magnitude might have happened before the Gold Standard took effect in Norway.
Comparison of fetal middle cerebral artery versus umbilical artery color Doppler ultrasound for predicting neonatal outcome in complicated pregnancies with fetal growth restriction
Authors: Sharbaf Fatemeh Rahimi , Movahed Fatemeh , Pirjani Reihaneh , Teimoory Nastaran , Shariat Mamak , Farahani Zahra
Published: May 2018

Background: Although using Doppler ultrasonography of umbilical structures is a common method for predicting prenatal adverse outcome, recent studies have proposed the importance of middle cerebral artery (MCA) Doppler assessment for antenatal monitoring. The aim of the present study was to compare alterations in the fetalMCAversus umbilical artery (UA) pulsatility indices (PI) in complicated pregnancies by fetal growth restriction (FGR).

Methods: A cohort study was carried out in Yas Hospital (Tehran, Iran) in 2016. One hundred fifty pregnant women in third trimester with estimation of FGR participated in the study. Transabdominal ultrasound was performed to determine fetal weight. After birth, all neonates were divided into 2 groups: small for gestational age (SGA) and non-SGA.We compared the values of UA and MCA Doppler in predicting SGA. Data were analyzed with t-test and Chi-square test.

Results: After delivery, 126 mothers had SGA while 24 subjects had non-SGA neonates. Unlike UA PI, MCA artery PI of the SGA and non-SGA groups were significantly different (p=0.062 for UA PI comparison; p=0.0001 for MCA PI comparison). Of the 126 cases, there was decreased MCA PI in 40.5% of fetuses and increased UA PI in 22.2% of fetuses. There were significant differences in both sensitivity and specificity for MCA PI versus UA PI (p=0.014 for sensitivity; p=0.009 for specificity).

Conclusion: Results showed that of all the SGA cases, a decrease in MCA PI was more notable than changes in UA PI. Sensitivity, specificity and prediction of SGA for MCA PI were higher than those for UA PI.
Händel xerxesének larghettója
Authors: István Borzsák
Published: May 2018

Hogy válhatott az óperzsa nagykirály egy újkori vígopera hősszerelmesévé? Händel a Xerxes szövegkönyvével még Hamburgban ismerkedett meg: Christian H. Postel (1658—1705) már korábban írt operalibrettót Der mächtige Monarch der Perser Xerxes in Abydus címmel, amelyet többen is megzenésítettek. Postel zavaros szövegkönyvében szó sincs Xerxés hadiszemléjérôl és a milliós sereg sorsa miatti könnyhullatásáról, csak egy Hérodotostól megörökített epizódnak (egy árnyékot adó platánfa királyi megtiszteltetésének) regényes-erotikus kiszínezésérôl. A nagykirály ehhez a platánfához intézi szerelmes szavait: „Ombra mai fù cara ed amabile soave più…” Mindez összefüggésbe hozható a Lepanto utáni általános eufóriával, Szelim — a Xerxéshez hasonlóan méltatlan utód — csúfos fiaskójának a korabeli operaszínpadon is felhangzó hirdetésével, a török szultánnak nevetséges szerelmesként való feltüntetésével.
A két Cato híre — à travers les âges
Authors: István Borzsák
Published: May 2018

A két Cato gazdag (és egybefolyó) utóéletéből szemelgettünk néhány jellemző dokumentumot (Petronius, Martialis). Színes és drámai kép tárul az olvasó elé Lucanus eposzából, kiváltképpen a IX. énekben megörökített durum iter leírásából, amelyhez a színeket a költő — a történeti valósággal keveset törődve — a mesés Nagy Sándor-hagyományból vette. — „Az antikvitás XVI. századi képe” c. monográfiánk (1960) anyagából további érdekességeket kínálnak Bornemisza Péter prédikációs kötetei, mint pl. a megvesztegethetetlen ókori eszménykép ellentéteként felvonultatott főúri „lopók”, akik nem vasláncot (bilincset), hanem aranyláncot viselnek. Ugyancsak Bornemisza hivatkozik egy Rosa nevű milánói személyre, aki — felkelésének elbukását látva, de ügye igaz voltának tudatában — halála után Cato mellett óhajtott magának helyet a Purgatórium kapujában (vö. Dante, Purg. I). A magyar irodalomból Berzsenyi Dániel Catohivatkozásait idéztük: a költő az antik szerzők ismeretében állítja párhuzamba korának nagyságait az ókor hőseivel. — Kuriózumképpen hivatkoztunk végül Berzsenyi (és Dante) „őr-Catójának” modern Fortlebenjére: egy mai lakattípus is „Cato” márkajelzéssel került forgalomba.
A nyugati türkök első uralkodójáról
Authors: Mihály Dobrovits
Published: May 2018

Ez a rövid írás a nyugati türkök első uralkodójának címével foglalkozik. Az orchoni feliratokon a birodalomalapító Bumïn kagán társaként és szintén kagánként emlegetett Istemi (Istämi) már a birodalom megalapításakor önálló központot hozott létre nyugaton. A türk uralkodó egyik címe a bizánci forrásokban Sizaboulos, illetve Silziboulos volt, amely valószínűleg egy eredeti *Sirǰibu γ/*Silǰibu γ alakra megy vissza. Ghirsman közölt egy olyan érmet, amelynek köriratán a sri iapgu šaho (’yab γu király úr’) olvasható. A Silziboulos név mögött valószínűleg ez a śri yab γu összetétel rejtőzhet.
Bajvívó eleink lándzsatörései
Authors: István Borzsák
Published: May 2018

A nemzetközi tudományosság követelményeihez felnövekvő magyarországi filológus nemzedék (Ponori Thewrewk Emil és környezete) az osztrák—magyar kiegyezés (1867) utáni évtizedekben személyeskedő viták során igyekezett pótolni történeti okokkal magyarázható elmaradásunk hiányosságait. Az emlékezetes „Ábel contra Hóman”-polémia nem előzmények nélkül robbant ki 1877-ben. Ábel Jenő ifjúkori Mentorát, Ring Mihályt Hóman Ottó még pesti magántanár korában (1871-ben) marasztalta el, talán illetéktelennek érezvén Ring Pindaros-tanulmányait (1870-ből). De miért szemelték ki a pestiek (Heinrich Gusztáv és Thewrewk) az 1872 óta kolozsvári Hóman Pindarosának megbírálására az alig érettségizett Ábelt? Hóman idősebb kolozsvári tanártársa, a kötözködő kedvű polihisztor Brassai Sámuel már 1871-ben megcsipkedte a kül- és belföldi Horatius-kommentátorokat. Súlyosabb következményekkel azonban csak az 1873-ban közzétett észrevételei jártak (az Aeneis II. énekének magyarázóiról, különös tekintettel P. Thewrewk iskolai kiadására), vagy még inkább Heinrich Gusztáv iskolai Cicero-magyarázatainak könyörtelen kifigurázása. Alkalmasint erre reagáltak az érzékenységükben sértett pesti nagyságok azzal, hogy egy gyerekemberrel dorongoltatták le — nem az öreg Brassait, hanem a könnyebben sebezhetőnek vélt Hómant. Hinc illae lacrimae.
Kendilenmiş Mısır Hatlarının Genetik Uzaklıklarının Belirlenmesi
Authors: ERDAL Şekip
Published: May 2018

Mısırda farklı genetik
tabanlı materyallerin birbirleri ile melezlenmesi, yüksek düzeyde heterosis
için temel koşullardan biri olarak kabul edilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı,
mısır hatlarının genetik uzaklıklarını SSR markırları yardımı ile tespit etmek,
heterotik grupları bilinmeyen hatları heterotik gruplarına ayırmak, gelecek
dönem melezleme programları için veri elde etmektir. Çalışmada at dişi, sert ve
her iki tane tipinde varyasyona sahip, yurt içinde ve yurt dışında ıslah
edilmiş 20 adet mısır hattı kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada, 21 adet SSR markırı
kullanılmış ve toplam 51 adet allel üretilmiştir. Ortalama SSR lokusu başına
2.42 allel saptanmıştır. Çalışmada polimorfizm bilgi içeriği (PIC) değerleri
0.15 ile 0.92 arasında değişmiştir. Veri analizleri sonucunda tartısız eşli
grup metoduna göre dört ana ve sekiz alt küme oluşmuştur. Yapılan analizler ile
hatların Lancaster, Stiff-Stalk, Tropikal kökenli ve net olarak tanımlanmayan
genetik geçmişe sahip olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Moleküler karakterizasyon ile
hatların farklı heterotik gruplardan geldiği ortaya konmuştur.
Ovacık (Tunceli) ilçesindeki Akasyalarda (Robinia spp.) bulunan zararlı ve faydalı böcek türleri
Authors: ALASERHAT İsmail , KAPLAN Mehmet
Published: May 2018

Bu
çalışma 2014 ve 2015 yıllarında, tür çeşitliliğinin yüksek olduğu tahmin edilen
Ovacık (Tunceli) ilçesindeki akasyalarda
bulunan zararlı ve faydalı böcek faunasının belirlenmesi amacıyla
yürütülmüştür. Örnekler vejetasyon
dönemi boyunca, iki haftada bir kez gidilerek toplanmıştır. Örnekler darbe
metodu ve kültüre alma metodu ile elde edilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, zararlı
türlerden Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris), Aphis craccivora Koch, A.
gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae), Calocoris
annulus (Brullé), C.
roseomaculatus subsp. angularis (Fieber)
(Hemiptera: Miridae) ve Hypera postica (Gyllenhal)
(Coleoptera: Curculionidae), faydalı türlerden ise Coccinella septempunctata (L.), Scymnus rubromaculatus (Goeze) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Episyrphus balteatus De Geer (Diptera:
Syrphidae), Lipolexis gracilis (Foerster) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) türleri tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma
ile Robinia spp.’nin, C. annulus, C. roseomaculatus subsp. angularis
ve H. postica’nın konukçusu olduğu
ilk kez tespit edilmiştir.
Comparing Three Credit Scoring Models
Authors: Beer Rachael , Ionescu Felicia , Li Geng
Published: May 2018

Due to licensing issues, this FEDS Note has been removed from publication.
Shedding Light on Our Economic and Financial Lives
Authors: Larrimore Jeff , Durante Alex , Kreiss Kimberly , Merry Ellen , Park Christina , Sahm Claudia
Published: May 2018

In November and December of 2017, we interviewed over 12,000 individuals, representative of all adults in the United States, about their economic and financial lives. Here we discuss the responses on three important economic issues: the role of economic conditions in the opioid epidemic; jobs with irregular schedules and varying income as a potential barrier to full employment; and how low rates of geographic mobility may relate to family support networks.