bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis study of (E)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-(4-ferrocenylphenyl)methanimine
Authors: Sghyar Riham , Moussaoui Oussama , Sebbar Nada Kheira , Ait Elmachkouri Younesse , Irrou Ezaddine , Hökelek Tuncer , Mague Joel T. , Bentama Abdesslam , El hadrami El Mestafa
Published: August 2021

The substituted cyclopentadienyl ring in the title molecule, [Fe(C5H5)(C18H13ClN)], is nearly coplanar with the phenyl-1-(4-chlorophenyl)methanimine substituent, with dihedral angles between the planes of the phenylene ring and the Cp and 4-(chlorophenyl)methanimine units of 7.87 (19) and 9.23 (10)°, respectively. The unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl ring is rotationally disordered, the occupancy ratio for the two orientations refined to a 0.666 (7)/0.334 (7) ratio. In the crystal, the molecules pack in `bilayers' parallel to the ab plane with the ferrocenyl groups on the outer faces and the substituents directed towards the regions between them. The ferrocenyl groups are linked by C—H...π(ring) interactions. A Hirshfeld surface analysis of the crystal structure indicates that the most important contributions for the crystal packing are from H...H (46.1%), H...C/C... H (35.4%) and H...Cl/Cl...H (13.8%) interactions. Thus C—H...π(ring) and van der Waals interactions are the dominant interactions in the crystal packing.
LiNa3(SO4)2·6H2O: a lithium double salt causing trouble in the industrial conversion of Li2SO4 into LiOH
Authors: Schmidt Horst , Paschke Iris , Voigt Wolfgang
Published: August 2021

Lithium trisodium bis(sulfate) hexahydrate, LiNa3(SO4)2·6H2O was crystallized from aqueous solution at 298 K and the structure solved at different temperatures between 90 and 293 K. The structure is isomorphic with the corresponding molybdate and selenate double salt hydrate. It belongs to the non-centrosymmetric trigonal space group R3c (161). The temperature dependence of the lattice parameters has been determined. Further characterization by powder XRD and thermal analysis is reported.
Resisting stigma and evaluating realism in a direct-to-consumer advertisement for psychiatric drugs
Authors: Walker Tara
Published: August 2021

Purpose

This study aims to examine how experience with mental illness influences perceptions of stigma and realism in a specific direct-to-consumer advertisement (DTCA) for bipolar depression.

Design/methodology/approach

An online survey had participants watch a 90 s advertisement for a prescription bipolar depression drug and then answer 24 questions about stigma, mental illness experience and the realism of the portrayals in the advertisement.

Findings

Findings show that people who identify as having experience with mental illness tend to see the ad as more stigmatizing and less realistic. Additionally, people who expressed more stigmatizing beliefs also tended to see more stigma present in the ad. Finally, the study reconfirms conclusions of previous research that people who have experience with mental health conditions possess fewer stigmatizing beliefs overall regarding mental illness.

Research limitations/implications

The sample population, while diverse in age and somewhat diverse in location, were highly educated, suggesting that they were not representative of the general population. Future studies may want to use more representative samples. A more nuanced approach to understanding experience is needed. While the sample in this study was purposively derived from communities with a higher rate of mental illness, a comprehensive experience scale to measure degrees of experience with mental illness would enhance understanding of this construct. Researchers may also want to look more deeply into the emotional responses of consumers who view these ads. To develop a greater understanding of the trajectory of DTCA, studies of online advertising for psychiatric drugs are needed.

Practical implications

The results of the study suggest that respondents with experience with mental illness may find ads that sell psychiatric medications unrealistic. This study presents the topic of realism in DTCA as an important construct for determining how consumers may perceive portrayals of disorders.

Social implications

The fact that people who have experience with mental illness found the Latuda ad to be generally unrealistic suggests that DTCA may be failing to represent mental illness in a way that demonstrates care for patients. Additionally, this research confirms that people who have had exposure to and experience with mental illness tend to hold less stigmatizing beliefs, (Link and Cullen, 1986; Corrigan et al., 2001; Angermeyer et al., 2004) a finding which supports the continuing project of increasing mental health literacy and awareness in the general population.

Originality/value

This study investigates the reactions of people who identify as having some experience with mental illness to see if they accept the portrayals of mental illness in DTCA or resist them by challenging their realism or identifying stigmatizing elements.
Socioeconomic wellbeing of women domestic workers in Pune: an exploratory study
Authors: Gupta Hima
Published: August 2021

Purpose

Household chores are one of the most essential aspects of each individual's daily routine. The author has observed people from middle and upper socioeconomic backgrounds, outsourcing women domestic workers to perform these household tasks. Even though these women domestic workers make up a significant portion of the total working class, they remain a socially and financially vulnerable section of society. The job of working in other people's private spaces comes with little or no regulation, social protection and no guarantee of decent work standards. The major aim of this study is to find out the social wellbeing of part-time domestic workers of Pune.

Design/methodology/approach

For this purpose, the researchers have interviewed 167 women working in the Pune region of Maharashtra, India from the period of October 2020 to January 2021. Descriptive methods and factor analysis have been used to analyze the collected data, so that socioeconomic wellbeing correlated with the significant factors explored. Further, the factors identified that Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFAs) are further validated through reliability analysis (Cronbach’s alpha for economic wellbeing and social wellbeing index for social wellbeing).

Findings

With the help of this study, researchers have tried to explore the significant factors to the social and economic wellbeing of domestic workers. The qualitative facts collected during the interview time have substantiated the findings got in EFA.

Originality/value

The paper aims to provide ground-level insights to policymakers focusing on the domestic work sector, and the gaps identified in the research will help the policymakers to frame the guidelines for the betterment of these informal domestic workers.
Verifying rigor: analyzing qualitative research in international marketing
Authors: Singh Nitish , Benmamoun Mamoun , Meyr Elizabeth , Arikan Ramazan Hamza
Published: August 2021

Purpose

There has been a growing call regarding broad criteria for assessing qualitative methods' reliability and validity in international marketing (IM) research. In response, this study synthesizes the past literature to present an overarching, yet adaptable, trustworthiness verification framework for assessing the rigor of various qualitative methods used in IM.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper draws on qualitative research from various disciplines. It uses content analysis to examine how trustworthiness is conceptualized in qualitative studies in International Marketing Review (IMR) from 2005 to 2019.

Findings

The analysis reveals that strategies to ensure rigor and trustworthiness of qualitative research in IMR are partially applied. There remain gaps in implementing quality criteria across the trustworthiness dimensions of credibility, transferability, dependability, conformability and ethics.

Research limitations/implications

This paper highlights the importance of incorporating strategies for assessing the quality of qualitative research in IM research. Since the analysis only focused on IMR, future research should explore and test the framework in other IM and business journals to reach a broader consensus in assessing qualitative studies' rigor.

Originality/value

IM researchers have yet to develop a consensus regarding broad criteria for assessing qualitative methods' reliability and validity. This paper is an attempt to fill this gap.
Environmental sustainability through designing reverse logistical loops: case research of poultry supply chains using system dynamics
Authors: Shamsuddoha Mohammad , Quaddus Mohammed A. , Woodside Arch G.
Published: August 2021

Purpose

Poultry production supply chains produce substantial wastes that are transformable into favorable environmental outcomes and profitable products. While overwhelming evidence supports this conclusion, scant literature is available on how such transformations are doable. Using systems dynamics, this study addresses this research gap in a national (Bangladesh) context. This study aims to contribute an integrated model for poultry supply chains that incorporate reverse flows of wastes using system dynamics (SD) engineering with empirical simulations.

Design/methodology/approach

This study applies SD and simulations of alternative supply chains with versus without reverse loops that transform wastes into viable products in poultry production and downstream marketing operations. This research reports on an in-depth case study of systems thinking and use of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology systems dynamics software. Data for the study are longitudinal and come from written operation records and extensive, repeated, one-on-one Interview from a large poultry plant operation in Bangladesh.

Findings

This study finds that several current poultry waste production problems are solvable through an integrated approach that generates viable new marketable products with substantial profitable opportunities that also contributes to reductions in industrial pollution. This study confirms that forward, backward and reverse supply chains need to be under one umbrella system to achieve economic, social and environmental benefits.

Research limitations/implications

This study’s SD model and outputs need additional applications in poultry supply chains in multiple countries. Applying the firm-level model that this study provides is a necessary but insufficient step toward empirical confirmation through replicating.
The trajectory of linked data in late capitalism
Authors: Radio Erik , Kalwara James
Published: August 2021

Purpose

The aim of this article is to analyze the trajectory of library linked data in light of the ideological machinations of late capitalism. This is accomplished in order to understand how and why its development currently occupies a place of contradiction and provide avenues for examining how this tension can be resolved.

Design/methodology/approach

Our approach relies on the work of Boltanski and Chiapello's “new spirit of capitalism” to understand the rise of the network and situate linked data within that history by examining various technologies, projects and agents involved in its development. We use this history to outline the growth of contradictory tensions within linked data necessitated by capitalistic growth.

Findings

Library linked data has found itself in a contradictory position because of the nature of late capitalist expansion, but this development has been facilitated largely by hegemonic agents within libraries and related institutions. We suggest that a counter-hegemonic lens be applied to envisioning linked data's future and its infrastructures.

Originality/value

To our knowledge this article represents one of the first attempts to provide a critique of late capitalist designs on linked data with a particular emphasis on hegemonic control over library technology and infrastructures.
A knowledge with ontology representation for product life cycle to support eco-design activities
Authors: Liang Jeremy S.
Published: August 2021

Purpose

This study aims to develop a synthetic knowledge repository consisted of interrelated Web Ontology Language.

Design/methodology/approach

The ontology composes the main framework to categorize data of product life cycle with eco-design mode (PLC-EDM) and automatically infer specialists’ knowledge for data confirmation, eventually assisting the utilizations and generation of strategies toward decision-making

Findings

(i) utilization of a novel model with ontology mode for information reuse cross the different eco-design applications; (ii) generation of a sound platform toward life cycle evaluation; and (iii) implementation of the PLC-EDM model along the product generation process.

Research limitations/implications

It cannot substitute an evaluation tool of life cycle. Certainly, this model does not predict the “target and range” and/or the depiction of the “utility module” that are basic activities in life cycle assessments as characterized through the international organization for standardization regulations.

Practical implications

As portion of this framework, a prototype Web application is presented which is applied to produce, reuse and verify knowledge of product life cycle.

Social implications

By counting upon the ontology, the information conducted by the utilization is certainly semantically represented to promote the data sharing among various participants and tools. Besides, the data can be verified against possible faults by inferring over the ontology. Hence, a feasible way to a popular topic in the domain of eco-design applications extension in the industry.

Originality/value

The goals are: to lean on rigid modeling principles; and to promote the interoperability and diffusion of the ontology toward particular utilization demands.
Adapting to COVID-19 on construction sites: what are the lessons for long-term improvements in safety and worker effectiveness?
Authors: Jones Wendy , Gibb Alistair G.F. , Chow Vivien
Published: August 2021

Purpose

Substantial changes were made on many UK construction projects in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this paper is to explore the unanticipated positive consequences of these and the scope for longer-term learning and developments within the sector.

Design/methodology/approach

A qualitative approach was used, semi-structured interviews were conducted across six major project sites. Interviewees (n= 33) included site and senior managers, supply chain representatives and occupational safety and health (OSH) professionals. The interviews explored their experiences of working on site during the pandemic, the changes made to work practices and their perceived impacts of these changes.

Findings

Improved planning and work sequencing were part of the revised process to make sites COVID-secure. This increased worker effectiveness and housekeeping/tidiness. The view on some sites was that this would improve OSH performance. The changes were perceived to be beneficial but may not be accepted by clients in the long term, as they could result in projects taking longer to complete. The ways in which COVID-19 risk has been communicated and perceived also provides longer-term lessons for the sector’s OSH management and training.

Originality/value

Construction has adapted rapidly and effectively to new ways of working during the pandemic. This research captured in real time some of the changes made and presents an argument for embedding and adopting the changes to improve working arrangements and OSH within the construction sector.
People hurt people: reconceptualising criminogenic need to promote trauma sensitive and compassion focussed practice
Authors: Taylor Jon , Hocken Kerensa
Published: August 2021

Purpose

This paper aims to outline the human capacity for harmfulness and details the role of trauma and adversity in the consolidation of harmful capacities.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper is a theoretical overview and offers a rationale for developing more trauma sensitive practices.

Findings

The paper proposes compassion focussed therapy (CFT) as an overarching approach to organising interventions.

Practical implications

The paper invites practitioners to develop a holistic approach to forensic interventions incorporating a collaborative formulation and personal objectives for service users.

Originality/value

CFT and trauma informed approaches to working with risk are relatively new in the forensic field. This paper provides a rationale for the further development of such approaches within forensic settings.
An exploratory study of US acquirers’ market performance: pre- versus post-Sarbanes–Oxley act of 2002
Authors: El Hajjar Samah , Menassa Elie , Kassamany Talie
Published: August 2021

Purpose

Motivated by the findings of Bhabra and Hossain (2017) that highlight an improvement in US market performance in the post-Sarbanes–Oxley (SOX) period, this paper aims to investigate how this change varies with the methods of payment used for the deals.

Design/methodology/approach

Deductive in nature and using an event study approach, this paper uses a sample of 675 deals between 1999 and 2006 to test three research hypotheses in a pre-post setting.

Findings

Results show that at the aggregate level, there is a significant improvement in the market performance of US acquirers around the announcement day in the aftermath of the passage of SOX 2002. Considered separately, both US stock acquirers and cash acquirers did not experience any significant improvement in market performance in the post-Sarbanes–Oxley period. These results are robust to controlling for governance, firm and deal variables, as well as industry and year fixed effects.

Research limitations/implications

Exploratory in nature, the results are to be interpreted in light of the sample size and the period under investigation.

Practical implications

The results provide evidence for regulators and legislators on the contribution of SOX 2002 to curbing managerial misconduct. Significant improvement in the market performance also signals more confidence in managerial decisions and a reduction in agency problems. The insignificant change in stock acquirersâ€™ market performance can be an indication that policymakers should exert more efforts to improve shareholders' confidence in the quality of disclosure.

Originality/value

This investigation provides unique insights on whether SOX has been effective in mitigating mispricing concerns associated with stock-financed acquisitions and whether it was effective in moderating the governance mechanism associated with cash-financed acquisitions.
Predicting customers’ acceptance towards Islamic home financing using DTPB theory
Authors: Shaikh Imran Mehboob , Shaikh Fawad Mehboob , Noordin Kamaruzaman
Published: August 2021

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to determine the factors that may influence customers’ acceptance of Islamic home financing and identify the possible moderator, which may be relevant using the decomposed theory of planned behaviour (DTPB) in the context of Malaysia and Pakistan.

Design/methodology/approach

Literature on Islamic mortgage and DTPB is reviewed in a bid to identify the determinants that may contribute to customers’ desire to participate in Islamic home financing.

Findings

The review indicates that customers’ acceptance of Islamic home financing is not only determined by the subjective norm, attitude, perceived behavioural control but also by the added construct of awareness and decomposed variables, namely, perceived compatibility, perceived relative advantage, peers influence and self-efficacy. In the context of the current study, the country is proposed as a moderator variable that may influence the relationship for customers’ acceptance of Islamic mortgages.

Research limitations/implications

In terms of conceptualising the model, only two countries are considered, which is Malaysia and Pakistan as categorical variables or moderators incorporated in DTPB.

Originality/value

Existing literature on Islamic mortgages makes it evident that DTPB is yet to be applied in the context of studying Islamic home financing. This study extends the application of DTPB in the context of customers’ acceptance of Islamic mortgages in two countries, Malaysia and Pakistan. This paper will be a helpful resource for future researchers, academicians and managers of Islamic banks at large.
In the absence of global antitrust law: looking to “bricks and mortar” institutions and agency networks
Authors: Lucey Mary Catherine
Published: August 2021

Purpose

This paper aims to draw attention to a broad range of experimental institutional initiatives which operate in the absence of a global antitrust regime. The purpose of this paper is to offer food for thought to scholars in other fields of international trade law facing challenges from divergent national regimes.

Design/methodology/approach

Taking inspiration from political science literature on institutions, this paper crafts a broad analytical lens which captures various organisational forms (including networks), codes (including soft law) and culture (including epistemic communities). The strength and shortcomings of traditional “bricks and mortar” institutions such as the European Union (EU) and General Agreement Tariffs and Trade/World Trade Organisation are first examined. Then, the innovative global network of International Competition Network (ICN) is analysed.

Findings

It highlights the value of the global antitrust epistemic community in providing a conducive environment for extensive recourse to “soft law”. Examples from the EU and the ICN include measures which find expression in enforcement tools and networks. These initiatives can be seen as experimental responses to the challenges of divergent national antitrust regimes.

Research limitations/implications

It is desktop research rather than empirical field work.

Practical implications

To raise awareness outside the antitrust scholarly community of the variety of experimental institutional initiatives which have evolved, often on a soft law basis, in response to the challenges experienced by national enforcement agencies and businesses operating in the absence of a global antitrust regime.

Originality/value

It offers some personal reflections on the ICN from the author’s experience as a non-governmental advisor. It draws attention to the ICN’s underappreciated range of educational materials which are freely available on its website to everyone. It submits that the ICN template offers interesting ideas for other fields of international trade law where a global regime is unrealisable. The ICN is a voluntary virtual network of agencies collaborating to agree ways to reduce clashes among national regimes. Its goal of voluntary convergence is portrayed as standardisation rather than as absolute congruence. Even if standardisation of norms/processes is too ambitious a goal in other fields of international trade law, the ICN model still offers inspiration as an epistemic community within an inclusive and dynamic forum for encouraging debate and creating a culture of learning opportunities where familiarity and trust is fostered.
Cybersecurity attacks on CAN bus based vehicles: a review and open challenges
Authors: Fakhfakh Faten , Tounsi Mohamed , Mosbah Mohamed
Published: August 2021

Purpose

Nowadays, connected vehicles are becoming quite complex systems which are made up of different devices. In such a vehicle, there are several electronic control units (ECUs) that represent basic units of computation. These ECUs communicate with each other over the Controller Area Network (CAN) bus protocol which ensures a high communication rate. Even though it is an efficient standard which provides communication for in-vehicle networks, it is prone to various cybersecurity attacks. This paper aims to present a systematic literature review (SLR) which focuses on potential attacks on CAN bus networks. Then, it surveys the solutions proposed to overcome these attacks. In addition, it investigates the validation strategies aiming to check their accuracy and correctness.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors have adopted the SLR methodology to summarize existing research papers that focus on the potential attacks on CAN bus networks. In addition, they compare the selected papers by classifying them according to the adopted validation strategies. They identify also gaps in the existing literature and provide a set of open challenges that can significantly improve the existing works.

Findings

The study showed that most of the examined papers adopted the simulation as a validation strategy to imitate the system behavior and evaluate a set of performance criteria. Nevertheless, a little consideration has been given to the formal verification of the proposed systems.

Originality/value

Unlike the existing surveys, this paper presents the first SLR that identifies local and remote security attacks that can compromise in-vehicle and inter-vehicle communications. Moreover, it compares the reviewed papers while focusing on the used validation strategies.
Remarkable lives: Dave Morrison in conversation with Jerome Carson
Authors: Morrison David , Carson Jerome
Published: August 2021

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to provide a profile of Dave Morrison.

Design/methodology/approach

In this case study, Dave provides a short biography of his background and is then interviewed by Jerome.

Findings

Dave has had two careers. The first as a scaffolder. The second as a nursing assistant in mental health services. He has ended up bruised and battered in both.

Research limitations/implications

Every case study tells a different story. The effects of stress can be cumulative.

Practical implications

There are many accounts of how hospitalisation has traumatised service users. Yet, working in these services can also be traumatic for the care staff.

Social implications

Professor Tony Butterworth used to say “Happy nurse equals happy patient”. If you look after staff needs, they will provide better care. Have we ever really looked after the needs of mental health-care staff?

Originality/value

Dave’s story is unique. As Nicola Adams says, “Fall down eight times, get up nine”. Dave has fallen down many more times than this. Eventually, it gets harder to get back up.
Mapping the influence of influencer marketing: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Abhishek  , Srivastava Mukta
Published: August 2021

Purpose

The advent of social media has led to the emergence of influencers and the domain of influencer marketing (IM). Despite being a popular and evolving research domain, it still lacks a comprehensive and systematic bibliometric analysis in the field. This study attempts to fill this critical gap by mapping the influence of IM to understand the intellectual structure and propose a future research agenda for scholars working in the domain.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors have used VOSviewer and Biblioshiny packages for conducting a variety of analyses such as citation analysis, bibliographic coupling, keyword analysis and three-field plot analysis.

Findings

The main findings include identifying six clusters in the domain, i.e. “mechanism of IM,” “measuring the impact of IM,” “persuasive cues in IM,” “likability factors of influencers,” “authenticity of influencers” and “understanding followers.” Future research guidelines have been proposed in each of the six clusters, followed by research and managerial implications, conclusion and limitations.

Originality/value

This study is probably the first attempt at providing a comprehensive bibliometric analysis in the domain using a combination of VOSviewer and Biblioshiny packages.
Antecedents of tourists’ solo travel intentions
Authors: Bianchi Constanza
Published: August 2021

Purpose

This study aims to empirically investigate the antecedents of tourists’ intentions to continue solo traveling.

Design/methodology/approach

Drawing on the theory of planned behavior (TPB), an extended model on solo travel intentions is developed that incorporates variables related to past solo travel experiences, namely, tourist satisfaction, pleasure and self-development. An online survey was applied to 187 solo tourists from different countries. Hypotheses were tested with structural equation modeling.

Findings

All the variables, except for subjective norms, are significant predictors of tourists’ intentions to continue solo traveling. Results confirm a good explanatory power of the extended TPB model.

Research limitations/implications

Caution must be exercised with the results as tourists’ actual solo travel behavior may differ from their intentions. Future research may investigate tourists’ actual behavior by using longitudinal methods and include additional demographic variables as antecedents.

Originality/value

This study empirically investigated the antecedents of tourists’ intentions to continue solo traveling – an under-researched topic. Previous research is mostly exploratory and largely focuses on female solo travelers.
Accessible tourism: a bibliometric review (2008–2020)
Authors: Qiao Guanghui , Ding Liu , Zhang Linlin , Yan Huili
Published: August 2021

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to reveal the knowledge evolution process, research hotspots and future trends in the accessible tourism research literature from 2008 to 2020.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 213 articles on accessible tourism were selected from the core collection database of Web of Science (WoS) and analyzed using CiteSpace.

Findings

Over the 13-year period between 2008 and 2020, an increasing number of studies have been published concerning accessible tourism, but the overall base is still small. The research content mainly includes six modules. Among institutions, the University of Technology Sydney has published the largest number of papers. Cooperation among countries involves the USA, the United Kingdom, Australia, Portugal and China. Tourism Management is the leading journal for disseminating research on accessible tourism. Definition of “Accessible tourism” and the different scope of this phenomenon are re-discussed. In recent years, “experience” and “participation” have become the “new favorites” in accessible tourism research, which could reveal insights into future research directions.

Research limitations/implications

The sampling frame was defined in terms of the WoS database and even though this is an important database for global academic information, in the big data era, the authors may have to integrate information from multiple sources to comprehensively reveal and understand knowledge maps. Second, because of the operational constraints of the CiteSpace software, the authors only selected outputs published in peer-reviewed journals, excluding other published works, such as books and conference papers. Finally, because of the language restrictions of the authors, this research is limited to journals published in the English language.

Practical implications

Practically, the results of this study made a conclusion of accessible tourism research so that the researchers can easily know what has currently been done and what future research can do. Tourism managers can also understand the demands and the constraints of tourism for the people who have barriers to travel. They can supply more specific products for the accessible tourism and further promote the construction of barrier-free travel environments.

Originality/value

This paper unifies the literature on senior tourism and people with disabilities tourism, and uses CiteSpace to construct data and network visualizations, including a burst and dynamic analysis for the period covered by the sample. Furthermore, this paper proposed a more diversified accessible tourism.
Corpus-assisted analysis of the collocational profiles of the terms denoting elderly care workers
Authors: Russo Daniel
Published: August 2021

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to explore the terms used in the Macmillan Dictionary and the Oxford English Dictionary to identify the people who are paid to provide care to the elderly and check their presence in a corpus – professional home care (PHC) – of three UK-based specialised websites.

Design/methodology/approach

This study is based on the frameworks and methods of corpus-assisted Discourse Analysis (Baker, 2006). The terms were extracted from a corpus of British websites of companies providing PHC services.

Findings

This study highlights that in the PHC corpus, the words “caregiver” and “carer” are used as synonyms at the level of popular communication, whereas “care assistant” and “care worker” are used for intra-specialistic communication. The analysis also points out the variations in terminology observed in the corpora that are intended for different communication contexts, e.g. how professionals define themselves compared to how external actors identify them.

Originality/value

This paper provides insight into the terminological aspects of caregiving in the professional field through a corpus-based study on specialised terminology integrating lexicographic considerations. This methodological framework can capture the sociolinguistic attitudes of speakers.
When the threat is stronger than the execution: trade and welfare under oligopoly
Authors: Leahy Dermot , Neary J. Peter
Published: August 2021

We compare the effects of changes in trade costs on trade volumes and on the gains from trade under Cournot and Bertrand competition. In both cases, the threshold trade costs below which the possibility of trade affects the domestic firm's behavior is the same; and welfare is U‐shaped under reasonable conditions. However, welfare is typically greater under Bertrand competition; for higher trade costs the volume of trade is greater under Cournot competition, implying a “van‐der‐Rohe Region”; and, for even higher trade costs, there exists a “Nimzowitsch Region”, where welfare is higher under Bertrand competition even though no trade takes place.
Filled prescriptions for opioids among children and adolescents – A nationwide study from 2010 to 2018
Authors: Hamina Aleksi , Handal Marte , Fredheim Olav , Clausen Thomas , Chen Li‐Chia , Skurtveit Svetlana
Published: August 2021

Background

Prescribing opioids for children and adolescents should be reserved for advanced life‐limiting diseases and moderate‐to‐severe acute pain. Pediatric codeine use is discouraged by several authorities, but the effects of these recommendations are not fully known. We investigated opioid utilization trends among 0–18‐year‐olds and characterized those who filled ≥1 opioid prescriptions, with emphasis on those who did so >3 times within a year.

Methods

The prevalence of filled opioid prescriptions among 0–18‐year‐old Norwegians in 2010–2018 (N = 77,942) was measured from nationwide healthcare registries. Characteristics, healthcare utilization, and other drug use of those who newly filled 1, 2–3, or >3 opioid prescriptions in 2011–2014 were compared to 2015–2018, excluding persons with cancer.

Results

From 2010 to 2018, the prevalence of opioid use decreased from 9.0 to 7.0 per 1000 persons. The largest decrease was among children <12 years, from 4.1 to 0.4 per 1000 persons, mainly due to decreasing codeine use. The proportion of those who filled >3 opioid prescriptions was 2.1% in 2011–2014 and 3.1% in 2015–2018. Those with >3 dispensations had a median of 4 contacts/year with secondary healthcare (interquartile range 2–7); the most frequent diagnoses indicated post‐surgery follow‐up. Most commonly dispensed other drugs were non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs.

Conclusions

Opioid dispensations for the young have declined in recent years. Multiple opioid dispensations were rare and associated with frequent healthcare utilization. Reducing codeine is in line with recommendations, but the effects of decreased opioid use on the quality of pain management remain unknown.
Emergency clinician participation and performance in the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services Merit‐based Incentive Payment System
Authors: Gettel Cameron J. , Han Christopher R. , Granovsky Michael A. , Berdahl Carl T. , Kocher Keith E. , Mehrotra Abhishek , Schuur Jeremiah D. , Aldeen Amer Z. , Griffey Richard T. , Venkatesh Arjun K.
Published: August 2021

Background

The Merit‐based Incentive Payment System (MIPS) is the largest national pay‐for‐performance program and the first to afford emergency clinicians unique financial incentives for quality measurement and improvement. With little known regarding its impact on emergency clinicians, we sought to describe participation in the MIPS and examine differences in performance scores and payment adjustments based on reporting affiliation and reporting strategy.

Methods

We performed a cross‐sectional analysis using the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services 2018 Quality Payment Program (QPP) Experience Report data set. We categorized emergency clinicians by their reporting affiliation (individual, group, MIPS alternative payment model [APM]), MIPS performance scores, and Medicare Part B payment adjustments. We calculated performance scores for common quality measures contributing to the quality category score if reported through qualified clinical data registries (QCDRs) or claims‐based reporting strategies.

Results

In 2018, a total of 59,828 emergency clinicians participated in the MIPS—1,246 (2.1%) reported as individuals, 43,404 (72.5%) reported as groups, and 15,178 (25.4%) reported within MIPS APMs. Clinicians reporting as individuals earned lower overall MIPS scores (median [interquartile range {IQR}] = 30.8 [15.0–48.2] points) than those reporting within groups (median [IQR] = 88.4 [49.3–100.0]) and MIPS APMs (median [IQR] = 100.0 [100.0–100.0]; p < 0.001) and more frequently incurred penalties with a negative payment adjustment. Emergency clinicians had higher measure scores if reporting QCDR or QPP non–emergency medicine specialty set measures.

Conclusions

Emergency clinician participation in national value‐based programs is common, with one in four participating through MIPS APMs. Those employing specific strategies such as QCDR and group reporting received the highest MIPS scores and payment adjustments, emphasizing the role that reporting strategy and affiliation play in the quality of care.
EU milk quota abolition, dairy expansion, and greenhouse gas emissions
Authors: Läpple Doris , Carter Colin A. , Buckley Cathal
Published: August 2021

This article explores therelationship among farm‐level productivity growth, scale, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission intensity during a time period of significant agricultural policy change affecting Ireland's dairy industry. Specifically, we focus on the 2015 EU milk quota abolition, which initiated major dairy expansion in Ireland. We use a representative sample of Irish dairy farms from 2000 to 2017, that includes data on farm specific GHG emissions. Based on this detailed farm level panel data set, we estimate productivity with a control function approach. We then apply fixed effects and dynamic panel data methods to explore the implications of productivity and scale on GHG emission intensity. Our findings indicate that increased productivity is negatively associated with GHG emission intensity, which changes with distinct milk quota abolition phases. Overall, our findings are important for understanding the relationship between policy reforms and GHG emissions in agriculture, and how to improve agricultural mitigation strategies.
Hyperhydration with cisplatin does not influence pemetrexed exposure
Authors: de Rouw Nikki , Derijks Hieronymus J. , Hilbrands Luuk B. , Boosman René J. , Piet Berber , Koolen Stijn L. W. , Burgers Jacobus A. , Dingemans Anne‐Marie C. , van den Heuvel Michel M. , Hendriks Lizza E. L. , Aerts Joachim G. J. V. , Croes Sander , Mathijssen Ron H. J. , Huitema Alwin D. R. , Burger David M. , Biesma Bonne , ter Heine Rob
Published: August 2021

Pemetrexed is a cytotoxic drug for first‐line treatment of lung cancer. It is often combined with other anticancer drugs such as cisplatin or carboplatin. In clinical practice, hyperhydration regimens are applied to overcome cisplatin‐related nephrotoxicity. As pemetrexed is almost completely eliminated from the body by the kidneys, hyperhydration can result in augmented clearance. Furthermore, administration of large quantities of fluid may increase the volume of distribution of pemetrexed. Pharmacokinetics and, thus, efficacy and toxicity may be influenced by hyperhydration. This has not yet been properly studied. We performed a population pharmacokinetic analysis to assess hyperhydration as a covariate for pemetrexed clearance and for volume of distribution A relevant change was defined as >25% increase in clearance or volume of distribution. In our extensive dataset of 133 individuals, we found that hyperhydration did not significantly or relevantly explain variability in pemetrexed clearance (unchanged, P = .196) or volume of distribution (+7% change, P = .002), despite a power of >99% to detect a relevant change. Therefore, dose adjustments of pemetrexed are not required during hyperhydration with cisplatin.
A riddle, wrapped in a mystery, inside an enigma: How semantic black boxes and opaque artificial intelligence confuse medical decision‐making
Authors: Pierce Robin , Sterckx Sigrid , Van Biesen Wim
Published: August 2021

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare comes with opportunities but also numerous challenges. A specific challenge that remains underexplored is the lack of clear and distinct definitions of the concepts used in and/or produced by these algorithms, and how their real world meaning is translated into machine language and vice versa, how their output is understood by the end user. This “semantic” black box adds to the “mathematical” black box present in many AI systems in which the underlying “reasoning” process is often opaque. In this way, whereas it is often claimed that the use of AI in medical applications will deliver “objective” information, the true relevance or meaning to the end‐user is frequently obscured. This is highly problematic as AI devices are used not only for diagnostic and decision support by healthcare professionals, but also can be used to deliver information to patients, for example to create visual aids for use in shared decision‐making. This paper provides an examination of the range and extent of this problem and its implications, on the basis of cases from the field of intensive care nephrology. We explore how the problematic terminology used in human communication about the detection, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of concepts of intensive care nephrology becomes a much more complicated affair when deployed in the form of algorithmic automation, with implications extending throughout clinical care, affecting norms and practices long considered fundamental to good clinical care.
Extracting brain disease‐related connectome subgraphs by adaptive dense subgraph discovery
Authors: Wu Qiong , Huang Xiaoqi , Culbreth Adam J. , Waltz James A. , Hong L. Elliot , Chen Shuo
Published: August 2021

Group‐level brain connectome analysis has attracted increasing interest in neuropsychiatric research with the goal of identifying connectomic subnetworks (subgraphs) that are systematically associated with brain disorders. However, extracting disease‐related subnetworks from the whole brain connectome has been challenging, because no prior knowledge is available regarding the sizes and locations of the subnetworks. In addition, neuroimaging data are often mixed with substantial noise that can further obscure informative subnetwork detection. We propose a likelihood‐based adaptive dense subgraph discovery (ADSD) model to extract disease‐related subgraphs from the group‐level whole brain connectome data. Our method is robust to both false positive and false negative errors of edge‐wise inference and thus can lead to a more accurate discovery of latent disease‐related connectomic subnetworks. We develop computationally efficient algorithms to implement the novel ADSD objective function and derive theoretical results to guarantee the convergence properties. We apply the proposed approach to a brain fMRI study for schizophrenia research and identify well‐organized and biologically meaningful subnetworks that exhibit schizophrenia‐related salience network centered connectivity abnormality. Analysis of synthetic data also demonstrates the superior performance of the ADSD method for latent subnetwork detection in comparison with existing methods in various settings.
The current recommendation for the management of isolated high‐grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia
Authors: Morote Juan , Schwartzmann Iván , Celma Anna , Roche Sarai , de Torres Inés M. , Mast Richard , Semidey Maria E. , Regis Lucas , Santamaria Anna , Planas Jacques , Trilla Enrique
Published: August 2021

Objective

To analyse the current predictive value of isolated high‐grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) for clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) detection in repeat biopsies.

Patients and Methods

A cohort of 293 men with isolated HGPIN detected in previous biopsies performed without multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI), and who underwent repeat biopsy within 1 to 3 years, was analysed. Pre‐repeat biopsy mpMRI and guided biopsies to suspicious lesions (Prostate Imaging – Reporting and Data System [PI‐RADS] ≥3) and/or and systematic biopsies were performed. Persistent prostate cancer (PCa) suspicion, defined as sustained serum prostate‐specific antigen level >4 ng/mL and/or abnormal digital rectal examination, was present in 248 men (84.6%), and was absent in 45 men (15.4%). A control group of 190 men who had no previous HGPIN, atypical small acinar proliferation or HGPIN with atypia who were scheduled to undergo repeat biopsy due to persistent PCa suspicion were also analysed. csPCa was defined as tumours of Grade Group ≥2.

Results

In the subset of 45 men with isolated HGPIN, in whom PCa suspicion disappeared, only one csPCa (2.2%) and one insignificant PCa (iPCa) were detected. csPCa was detected in 34.7% of men with persistent PCa suspicion and previous HGPIN, and in 28.4% of those without previous HGPIN (P =0.180). iPCa was detected in 12.1% and 6.3%, respectively (P =0.039). Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of csPCa detection was not predicted by previous HGPIN: odds ratio (OR) 1.369 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.894–2.095; P =0.149); however, previous HGPIN increased the risk of iPCa detection: OR 2.043 (95% CI 1.016–4.109; P =0.006).

Conclusion

The risk of csPCa in men with isolated HGPIN, in whom PCa suspicion disappears, is extremely low. Moreover, in those men in whom PCa suspicion persists, the risk of csPCa is not influenced by the previous finding of HGPIN. However, previous HGPIN increases the risk of iPCa detection. Therefore, repeat prostate biopsy should not be recommended solely because of a previous HGPIN.