bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DA CINZA DA CASCA DE ARROZ VISANDO APLICAÇÃO NA CONFECÇÃO DE MATERIAIS ALTERNATIVOS PARA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL
Authors: Silva Juliana Oliveira da , Barros Sâmea Valensca Alves , Dantas Gerbeson Carlos Batista , Pimentel Patrícia Mendonça
Published: May 2020

O desenvolvimento de materiais alternativos a partir de resíduos vem ganhando destaque nas últimas décadas, devido à crescente preocupação com o meio ambiente e à necessidade de tornar a cadeia produtiva sustentável. A área da construção civil pode tornar-se aliada importante nesta ação, ao desenvolver técnicas que permitam caracterizar as cinzas de casca de arroz e conhecer o comportamento de sua microestrutura quando incorporados com outros tipos de resíduos e assim verificar a durabilidade destes materiais em relação aos convencionais. Partindo da premissa que a microestrutura dos componentes de um determinado material alternativo ou convencional influencia seu comportamento final o presente trabalho teve como objetivo realizar a caracterização física e químico-mineralógica da cinza obtida da casca de arroz oriunda de uma indústria de Caicó/RN. Esta cinza foi gerada a partir de dois processos: queima em olaria e queima em forno elétrico à temperatura de 600°C. Para caracterizar o material resultante foram empregadas as seguintes técnicas: granulometria de difração a laser, fluorescência de raios-x (FRX) e difração de raios-x (DRX). Os resultados obtidos mostraram que a cinza da casca de arroz apresentou características pozolânicas, o que permite sua utilização na confecção de vários materiais para uso na construção civil.
Selected CDKN2A and MDM2 polymorphisms in oral cavity cancer
Authors: Gaździcka Jadwiga , Gołąbek Karolina , Strzelczyk Joanna Katarzyna , Kiczmer Paweł , Miśkiewicz-Orczyk Katarzyna , Krakowczyk Łukasz , Ostrowska Zofia , Misiołek Maciej
Published: May 2020

The head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an aggressive human malignancy diagnosed in more than 800 000 new cases worldwide, and mostly arises in the oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx, hypopharynx, and nasopharynx. The study presented here aimed to determine a possible association of rs11515 and rs3088440 gene polymorphisms in the CDKN2A gene (cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor 2A), as well as rs769412 and rs937283 in the MDM2 gene (murine double minute 2), with oral cavity cancer in a sample of Polish population; CDKN2A is crucial in regulating the cell cycle while MDM2 is an oncogene involved in regulating cell proliferation and apoptosis. The study included 95 primary tumor samples following surgical resection from patients, and the control group consisted of 100 healthy individuals. DNA samples were genotyped by employing the 5’ nuclease assay for allelic discrimination using TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assays (Applied Biosystems, USA). There was no significant association between any of the polymorphism (rs11515, rs3088440, rs769412 and rs937283) and the oral cavity cancer risk. We found that the AA homozygotes for rs3088440 were significantly more frequent in the control group (OR=0.046, p<0.0001). In addition, the GG genotype of rs769412 was not found in any group. We found no influence of the examined genotypes on clinicopathological parameters, such as T, N and grading values in patients with oral cavity cancer. The results of this study indicate that none of the investigated polymorphisms were associated with the risk of oral cavity cancer in the examined sample of the Polish population.
Comparative gene expression analysis of Fas and related genes in Comparative gene expression analysis of Fas and related genes in preeclamptic and healthy women: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ali Zaima , Khaliq Saba , Zaki Saima , Usman Ahmad Hafiz , Pervaiz Lone Khalid
Published: May 2020

Background: Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy affecting about 2-10% pregnancies worldwide. mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), Fas, and FasL have been reported to be altered in placental bed in preeclamptic pregnancies. We hypothesized that the expression of these genes is also altered in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in preeclampsia.
Objective: To compare the expression of Fas receptor and related genes in PBMCs of preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study comprising of 18 cases and 18 controls was designed. 5 ml of venous blood was drawn and collected considering aseptic measures. Buffy coat was separated by centrifugation and stored at –20°C. Favor Prep total RNA Isolation Kit (Favorgen, Taiwan) was used for RNA extraction. The mRNA expression of TNF-α, Fas, and FasL was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction in PBMCs in preeclamptic and normal pregnancies.
Results: A significant increase in mRNA expression of TNF-α, Fas, and FasL (p ≤ 0.001) was observed in PBMCs of preeclamptic pregnancies compared to the control group (p ≤ 0.001). Moreover, a significant positive correlation was found between the TNF-α mRNA expression and Fas and FasL (p ≤ 0.001).
Conclusion: The results lead to the conclusion that mRNA expression of TNF-α, Fas, and FasL in the maternal PBMCs is altered in preeclamptic pregnancies and might contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease.
Key words: Preeclampsia, TNF-α, Fas, Apoptosis.
Effect of adding letrozole to gonadotropin on in vitro fertilization outcomes: An RCT Running
Authors: Eftekhar Maryam , Saeed Lida
Published: May 2020

Background: Aromatase inhibitors prevent the aromatization of androgens into estrogens, which reduces the negative feedback of estrogen on the hypothalamicpituitary axis. It is clear that increasing the secretion of follicle-stimulating hormones results in an increased follicular growth.
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of adding letrozole to gonadotropin on in vitro fertilization outcomes in normal responders.
Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 100 normal responder women candidate for controlled ovarian stimulation were randomly enrolled in two groups (n = 50/each). In the case group letrozole was added to gonadotropin in the antagonist protocol. The control group received the conventional antagonist protocol. The main outcome was clinical and chemical pregnancy; and the second outcomes were the number of mature oocytes, the fertilization rate, estradiol level, and the total dose of gonadotropins.
Results: Basic clinical and demographic features were comparable between the groups. Estradiol level on the day of human-chorionic-gonadotropin administration and the total gonadotropin consumption were significantly higher in the control group than the case group (p = 0.045). In addition, the number of MII oocytes was higher (but not significantl) in the case group than the control group (p = 0.09). Moreover, the endometrial thickness was significantly lower in the case group. There were no significant differences in fertilization rate and chemical and clinical pregnancy rates between the two groups.
Conclusion: Although adding letrozole to gonadotropin in normal responders reduces the total dose of gonadotropin, it does not improve the pregnancy outcomes.
Key words: Letrozole, Ovarian stimulation, Pregnancy.
Enfermedad cardíaca y embarazo
Authors: Cortés Yepes Hernán
Published: May 2020

La enfermedad cardíaca durante el embarazo continua siendo una importante causa de morbi-mortalidad materna y fetal, debido al enmascaramiento y en algunas situaciones al empeoramiento de estas entidades.El manejo de la embarazada cardiópata, requiere el entendimiento de los cambios fisiológicos de la gestación y debe ser llevado a cabo por un equipo multidisciplinario.Se presenta una revisión de la etiología, consejería prenatal y diagnóstico y se hacen recomendaciones de manejo general, vía del parto y profilaxis contra la endocarditis, con el fin de mejorar la atención de estas pacientes.
EVA and SUPERNOVA concepts of vascular aging: ongoing research on damaging and protective risk factors
Authors: Rotar O. P. , Tolkunova K. M.
Published: May 2020

Regarding prevention of cardiometabolic diseases, we often rely on the concepts of risk and disease, rather than the possibility of prevention. The concept of “vascular age” is developed to assess the biological state of arteries and to present cardiovascular risk in years for better understanding by the doctor and patient. Early vascular aging (EVA) syndrome has been studied for more than 10 years to determine the optimal diagnostic criteria and treatment approaches. In 2019, leading experts in the area of vascular stiffness suggested the opposite concept of supernomal vascular aging (SUPERNOVA), in which patients have extremely low vascular stiffness rates for their age and gender. This review discusses new data about factors that accelerate or slow vascular aging.
Utilizing collaborative works: an attempt to enhance learners’ participation in English class
Authors: Wahyudi Asis , Wiranegara Dian Arsitades , Bagus Krisdiana Putra
Published: May 2020

This action research project aimed to improve the participation of learners in the class of General English. Collaborative activities were designed by grouping learners to work with the assigned tasks. The data were collected through observation. The findings showed that the participation of learners increased greatly characterized by the involvement of all learners in more active participation through group discussions and presentations of their works. Furthermore, the findings revealed that the learners look more confident to speak, more motivated to complete the assigned tasks, more enjoyable in learning, more focused on the lesson, and more engaged to think critically and creatively. In the attempt to disseminate our teaching experience, this article mainly focuses on the practical implementation of our collaborative action that is aimed to encourage other teachers and practitioners to implement the same research to improve their practices.         

 
Şark Tipi Tütünün Bitki Besin Elementleri İçeriğinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: TEPECİK Mahmut , ONGUN Ali Rıza
Published: May 2020

Amaç: Bu çalışmada birinci kırım ve ikinci kırım zamanlarında alınan tütün yaprak örneklerinde bitki besin elementlerinin belirlenmesi ve farklı zamanlarda alınan örnekler arasındaki korelasyonların saptanması amaçlanmıştır.Materyal ve Metot: Çalışma 2017 yılında Uşak ili, Eşme, Sivaslı, Ulubey ve Karahallı ilçelerindeki şark tipi tütün üreticilerin tarlalarında yapılmıştır. Tütün örnekleri 40 üreticiden birinci kırım ve ikinci kırım zamanlarında alınan yaprak örneklerinde azot, fosfor, potasyum, kalsiyum, magnezyum, demir, çinko, bakır, mangan, bor, ve sodyum elementleri ile elementler arasındaki korelasyon belirlenmiştir.Bulgular: Farklı kırım zamanlarında alınan tütün yaprak örneklerinde bitki besin elementlerinin içeriği bakımından farklılık göstermiş ve kimi besin elementlerinde noksanlıklar tespit edilmiştir. Birinci kırım ve ikinci kırım yaprak örnekleri arasındaki korelasyonlar istatistiki olarak önemli düzeyde değişim göstermiştir. Sonuç: Elde edilen sonuçlara göre tütün örneklerinde azot, fosfor, potasyum, kalsiyum, bor ve bakır elementi noksanlıklarının olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kırım zamanlarına göre elementler arasında istatistiki olarak pozitif ve negatif yönde korelasyonlar saptanmıştır.
De la historia local a la historia pública: algún defecto y ciertas virtudes = From local to public history. Some weakness and certain achievements
Authors: Pons Anaclet
Published: May 2020

Resumen: Como solemos decir, la profesionalización de nuestra disciplina produjo una cesura, separando la historia académica de aquella otra que quedaba en manos de eruditos, archiveros.  Y mientras unos se dedicaban a la historia nacional, otros quedaban relegados a lo local y a la mera nostalgia.  Esa idea se mantuvo al menos hasta los años setenta. El cambio, como es sabido, estuvo relacionado con los movimientos sociales de la década anterior, que a grandes rasgos supusieron el retorno del sujeto, con una dimensión múltiple, y el énfasis en la acción humana.  Este ensayo historiográfico explora esos cambios, a partir sobre todo de dos diferentes propuestas de rescate de lo local -la microhistoria y la historia popular-, y muestra cómo actualmente esa defensa de lo local se combina en buena medida con la historia pública.Palabras clave: Historia local, historia pública, microhistoria, historia popular, historiografía.Abstract: As we usually say, the professionalization of our discipline produced a caesura, separating the academic history from such other in hands of erudites, archivists and amateurs. And while the first were dedicated to national history, the second were relegated instead to the local and the mere nostalgia. That idea was maintained at least until the 1970s. The change, as is known, was closely related to the social movements in the previous decade, which broadly assumed the return of the subject, with a multiple dimension, and the emphasis on human action. This historiographical essay explores these changes, starting from two different proposals for the rescue of the local - microhistory and popular history - and shows how the current defence of the local is largely combined with public history.Keywords: Local history, public history, microhistory, popular history, historiography.
Stratigraphic discriminatory potential of heavy mineral analysis for the Neogene sediments of Belgium
Authors: VERHAEGEN Jasper
Published: May 2020

The Neogene units of Belgium cannot always be easily distinguished based on visual inspection and correlation across the basin is not straightforward. To aid in the stratigraphic interpretation of units, the discriminatory potential of heavy minerals has been determined. In this study, heavy mineral composition is combined with grain size analysis, providing information on the bulk sediment. Based on heavy mineral composition important interpretations could be made, such as (1) a different provenance between the Dessel Member and the Hageland Diest sand, making it improbable that they were deposited at the same time, (2) the Kasterlee-sensu-Gulinck unit of the eastern Antwerp Campine should be redefined as a lower Mol Formation unit or as a lateral equivalent of the typical Kasterlee Formation to the west, affected strongly by southern continental sediment input, and (3) the Waubach Member in the Ruhr Valley Graben should be split into two separate units, with the upper unit correlated with the Mol Formation and the lower unit, possibly the Inden Formation, correlated with the Diest Formation and Kasterlee Formation. The ‘X’ unit of the Maaseik core is likely a local transitional unit which cannot be directly correlated with a unit in the Campine Basin.
Will Virtual Teaching Continue After the COVID-19 Pandemic?
Authors: Marques da Silva Bernardo
Published: May 2020

N/a.
Bien-être animal : quelles relations entre les critères physiologiques et comportementaux d’adaptation ?
Authors: RICHARD S. , AUPERIN B. , BOLHUIS J.E , GEVERINK N.A. , JONES B.C. , LEPAGE O. , MIGNON-GRASTEAU S. , MORMEDE P. , PRUNET P. , BEAUMONT C.
Published: May 2020

La multiplicité des critères susceptibles d’être utilisés pour évaluer l’adaptation comportementale d’un animal à son environnement a motivé l’étude des relations entre réponses physiologiques et comportementales, dans l’espoir que l’identification de telles relations puisse simplifier l’évaluation du bien-être animal. La comparaison d’animaux placés dans des environnements différents et la comparaison d’animaux aux génotypes extrêmes suggèrent l’existence de relations entre certaines réponses physiologiques et comportementales. La possibilité de catégoriser certains animaux selon leur stratégie de réponse adaptative, caractérisée par des associations répétables entre réponses comportementales et physiologiques, conforte cette hypothèse. Cependant, les relations ainsi suggérées semblent difficilement généralisables : il n’existe pas de relation univoque entre les réponses physiologiques et comportementales d’un animal face à une situation perçue comme menaçante. En l’état actuel des connaissances, la prise en compte de manière concomitante de critères physiologiques et comportementaux est essentielle pour apprécier le bien-être d’un animal. A l’avenir, des investigations en génomique fonctionnelle et en neurobiologie pourraient améliorer notre compréhension de ces relations.
Bien-être chez les poissons d’élevage
Authors: PRUNET P. , AUPERIN B.
Published: May 2020

Le récent développement de l’aquaculture a conduit à s’intéresser au bien-être des poissons en élevage. A la question du ressenti de la douleur chez le poisson, il est le plus souvent admis que ces animaux sont capables de la percevoir mais pas nécessairement d’en avoir la même conscience au niveau cérébral que chez l’homme. Exposés à des situations de stress, les poissons présentent globalement les mêmes stratégies physiologiques et comportementales que les vertébrés terrestres. C’est à partir de ces informations qu’a été abordée la caractérisation du bien-être chez les poissons en favorisant une approche multiparamétrique. Les activités associées à l’élevage des poissons constituent autant de facteurs susceptibles de modifier leur niveau de bien-être. La qualité physico-chimique du milieu d’élevage en rapport avec les spécificités de l’espèce élevée constitue une cause importante de modification du bien-être. D’autres facteurs comme la densité d’élevage, la manipulation du poisson ou son transport sont également susceptibles d’avoir un impact sur le bien-être. Le contrôle de tous ces facteurs par l’éleveur est indispensable pour la réussite d’un élevage. Les compétences acquises par les éleveurs doivent être complétées par une meilleure connaissance des bases biologiques du bien-être chez les poissons.
Bien-être animal en élevage de poulets de chair
Authors: ARNOULD C. , LETERRIER C.
Published: May 2020

L’élevage des poulets de chair s’est intensifié ces dernières décennies et de nombreux problèmes de bien-être animal sont apparus, en particulier chez les poulets standards et les reproducteurs à l’origine de ces croisements. Les poulets standards ont un niveau d’activité très faible et ils sont notamment atteints de troubles locomoteurs, de lésions cutanées et de pathologies cardio-vasculaires. Des solutions à ces altérations du bien-être peuvent être apportées en contrôlant des facteurs liés aux conduites d’élevage (densité, ventilation, aménagement de l’environnement, alimentation, lumière) et en utilisant des génotypes plus appropriés. Les reproducteurs, quant à eux, sont soumis à des programmes de rationnement sévères, entraînant de la faim et une frustration que l’on essaye de limiter par des moyens génétiques et alimentaires. Une directive européenne sur la protection des poulets de chair devrait voir le jour prochainement. Elle devrait reposer sur une obligation de résultats : la densité d’élevage pourrait être modulée en fonction des taux de mortalité et de lésions cutanées (pododermatites) mesurés à l’abattoir sur les bandes précédentes.
DOSSIÊ TEMÁTICO: Patrimônio Histórico-Educativo: Culturas, Diversidade, Identidades
Authors: Editores Os
Published: May 2020

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Excess Mortality from COVID-19: Lessons Learned from the Italian Experience
Authors: Pasquariello Paolo , Stranges Saverio
Published: May 2020

There is much discussion among clinicians, epidemiologists, and public health experts about why case fatality rate from COVID-19 in Italy (at 13.3% as of April 20, 2020, versus a global case fatality rate of 6.9%) is considerably higher than estimates from other countries (especially China, South Korea, and Germany). In this article, we propose several potential explanations for these differences. We suggest that Italy’s overall and relative case fatality rate, as reported by public health authorities, is likely to be inflated by such factors as heterogeneous reporting of coronavirus-related fatalities across countries and the iceberg effect of under-testing, yielding a distorted view of the global severity of the COVID-19 pandemic. We also acknowledge that deaths from COVID-19 in Italy are still likely to be higher than in other equally affected nations due to its unique demographic and socio-economic profile. Lastly, we discuss the important role of the stress imparted by the epidemic on the Italian healthcare system, which weakened its capacity to adequately respond to the sudden influx of COVID-19 patients in the most affected areas of the country, especially in the Lombardy region.
Timeless State of Gravity: Possible Solution for Cosmological Constant problem
Authors: Farag Ali Ahmed
Published: May 2020

We study a localization of gravity through the matching point between non-inertial frames and local inertial frames. This localization of gravity is done through defining relative gravitational red-shift. This lead to an emergence of a timeless state in a mathematically consistent way. In this timeless state of gravity, we find a geometric interpretation of the speed of light and mass. The experimental support of the timeless state is the quantum entanglement and internal symmetries that are independent of time. Therefore gravity would be responsible for measurements independent of time including quantum entanglement. Timeless state in that sense explain why do we have gravity/gauge correspondence. We conjecture that the universe emerged from a black hole with a global $SU(3)\times SU(2)\times U(1)$ symmetry on its event horizon that produces gauge fields Electromagnetism, weak and strong nuclear force through localization of this global symmetry. Through the localization in the gravity field, the timeless measurements such as spin will be correlated with the varying of timeless measurement which is relative gravitational red-shift. We present a gravitational or geometric interpretation of spin-0, spin-1, and spin-1/2 states. We present an interpretation of why do we measure matter rather than anti-matter. We found that the Higgs scalar field is represented by the gravitational red-shift at every point in the space around the black hole. We derive the numerical value of the cosmological constant that agrees with experimental observations.
The Public Mental Health While in a Community Quarantine Due to COVID-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review of Literature Using Google Scholar
Authors: Labana Ryan
Published: May 2020

The state of community lock-down due to COVID-19 pandemic caused restricted movements of people. There are existing evidence of the negative impact of quarantine and isolation to the mental health of a person in different contexts. A scoping review of literature using Google Scholar was conducted to discover records about the public mental health while in a community quarantine due to COVID-19 pandemic. A methodological approach suggested by Arksey and O’Malley was utilized. It comprised (a) identifying the research questions, (b) identifying relevant literatures, (c) selecting literature, (d) charting the extracted data, and (e) summarizing, analyzing, and reporting the results. As of April 17, 2020, there were only 4 original articles found that discuss psychosocial aspect of the COVID-19 crisis. After an online survey, they present evidence that (1) there is an outward change in the people’s behavior toward self-care during the pandemic and (2) trusting the community governing bodies can minimize the level of anxiety and stress. Other literatures found are original articles in preprint (n=8), letters, commentaries, editorial (n=6), review paper (n=4), and WHO guideline (n=1). It is evident that the psychosocial aspect of COVID-19 crisis needs more attention from the scholars and a large research gap can be lessened trough expansion of online platforms.
Early Hydroxychloroquine Is Associated with an Increase of Survival in COVID-19 Patients: An Observational Study
Authors: Membrillo de Novales Francisco Javier , Ramírez-Olivencia Germán , Estébanez Miriam , de Dios Begoña , Herrero María Dolores , Mata Tatiana , Borobia Alberto M. , Gutiérrez Carlos , Simón María , Ochoa Ana , Martínez Yolanda , Aguirre Alejandro , Alcántara Francisco de Asís , Fernández-González Pablo , López Elena , Campos Sergio , Navarro María , Ballester Lucía Elena
Published: May 2020

Background: There is no treatment proven effective against COVID-19. Several drugs with in vitro potential against SARS-CoV-2 virus have been proposed. Hydroxychloroquine has in vitro anti-viral and immunomodulatory activity, but there is no current clinical evidence of its effectiveness changing the outcome of the disease. Methods: We enrolled all 18-85 years old inpatients from Central Defense Hospital “Gómez Ulla”, Madrid, Spain, who were hospitalised for COVID-19 and had a definitive outcome (dead or discharged). We used a statistical survival analysis to detect treatment differences associated with in-hospital death. Results: We analysed first 220 medical records. 166 patients met the inclusion criteria. 48,8 % of patients not treated with HCQ died, 22% of those treated with hydroxychloroquine (p=0,002). According to clinical picture at admission, hydroxychloroquine increased the mean cumulative survival in all groups from 1,4 to 1,8 times. This difference was statistically significant in the mild group. Conclusions: in a cohort of 166 patients from 18 to 85 years hospitalised with COVID-19, hydroxychloroquine treatment with 800mg added loading dose increased survival when patients were admitted in early stages of the disease. There was a non-statistically significant trend towards survival in all groups, which will have to be clarified in subsequent studies.
Thermal Decomposition Behavior of 3D Printing Filaments Made of Wood-filled Polylactic Acid (PLA)/Starch Blend
Authors: Sun Yufeng , Lee Danbee , Wang Yapeng , Li Suiliang , Ying Jilai , Liu Xinping , Xu Guangyin , Gwon Jaegyoung , Wu Qinglin
Published: May 2020

Dynamic thermogravimetric (TG) analysis under nitrogen environment was used to understand the thermal decomposition process of 3D printing filaments made of wood-filled polylactic acid (PLA)/starch blend. The characteristic temperatures and apparent activation energy (AAE) of the filaments with various starch contents were calculated with well-known kinetic models by Friedman, Flynn-Wall-Ozawa, Coats-Redfern and Kissinger. With the increased starch content in the filament, the onset thermal decomposition temperatures of the filaments decreased gradually from 272.4 to 155.1°C. The thermal degradation degree became smaller, and the transitional temperature interval became larger with increased starch proportion. The AAE values of the three types of filaments with different starch ratios varied between 97 kJ/mol and 114 kJ/mol, depending on material composition and method of calculation. The improved understanding of thermal decomposition behavior of PLA-starch-wood composites can help develop more biodegradable PLA/starch-based filaments for 3D printing.
Fructose 1,6-Bisphosphatase 2-Camk2 Interaction Is an Integral Mechanism of Long-Term Potentiation
Authors: Duda Przemysław , Wójtowicz Tomasz , Janczara Jakub , Krowarsch Daniel , Czyrek Aleksandra , Gizak Agnieszka , Rakus Dariusz
Published: May 2020

Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a molecular basis of memory formation. Here, we demonstrate that LTP critically depends on muscle fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase 2 (Fbp2) – a glyconeogenic enzyme and moonlighting protein protecting mitochondria against stress. We show that LTP induction regulates Fbp2 association with neuronal mitochondria and Camk2, and that the Fbp2-Camk2 interaction correlates with Camk2 autophosphorylation. Silencing of Fbp2 expression or simultaneous inhibition and tetramerization of the enzyme with a synthetic effector mimicking the action of physiological inhibitors (NAD+ and AMP) abolishes Camk2 autoactivation and blocks formation of the early phase of LTP and expression of the late phase LTP markers. Astrocyte-derived lactate reduces NAD+/NADH ratio in neurons and thus, diminishes the pool of tetrameric and increases the fraction of dimeric Fbp2. We therefore hypothesize that this NAD+-level-dependent increase of the Fbp2 dimer/tetramer ratio might be a crucial mechanism in which astrocyte-neuron lactate shuttle stimulates LTP formation.
Nsp7 and Spike Glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 Are Envisaged as Potential Targets of Vitamin D and Ivermectin
Authors: Dasgupta Jhimli , Sen Udayaditya , Bakshi Abhisek , Dasgupta Abhijit , Manna Krishnendu , Saha Chinmay , De Rajat K. , Mukhopadhyay Satinath , Bhattacharyya Nitai P.
Published: May 2020

COVID-19 has emerged as deadly pandemic worldwide with no vaccine or suitable antiviral drugs to prevent or cure the disease. Because of the time-consuming process to develop new vaccines or antiviral agents, there has been a growing interest in repurposing some existing drugs to combat SARS-CoV-2. Vitamin D is known to be protective against acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), pneumonia and cytokine storm. Recently it has been used as a repurposed drug for the treatment of H5N1 virus-induced lung injury. Circumstantial evidences indicate that people with low level of vitamin D are more susceptible to SARS-CoV-2. Although, vitamin D was suggested to interfere with viral replication, its interaction with any SARS-CoV-2 protein is unexplored yet. Beside this, ivermectin, a well-known anti-parasitic agent, exhibits potent anti-viral activities in vitro against viruses such as HIV-1 and dengue. Very recently, ivermectin has been found to reduce viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. We have analyzed available structures of SARS-CoV-2 proteins to identify probable binding partner(s) of vitamin D and ivermectin through knowledge-based docking studies and figured out possible implication of their binding in SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our observations suggest that the non-structural protein nsp7 possesses a potential site to house 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (VDY) or the active form of Vitamin D, calcitrol. Binding of vitamin D with nsp7 likely to hamper the formation of nsp7-nsp8 complex which is required to bind with RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRP), nsp12 for optimal function. On the other hand, potential binding site of ivermectin has been identified in the S2 subunit of trimeric spike(S) glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2. We propose that deeply inserted mode of ivermectin binding at three inter-subunit junctions may restrict large scale conformational changes of S2 helices which is necessary for efficient fusion of viral and host membrane. Our study, therefore, opens up avenues for further investigations to consider vitamin D and ivermectin as potential drugs against SARS-CoV-2.
Developing and Validating an Algorithm to Identify Incident Chronic Dialysis Patients Using Administrative Data
Authors: Gibertoni Dino , Voci Claudio , Iommi Marica , D'Ercole Benedetta , Mandreoli Marcora , Santoro Antonio , Mancini Elena
Published: May 2020

Background: Administrative healthcare databases are widespread and are often standardized with regard to their content and data coding, thus they can be used also as data sources for surveillance and epidemiological research. Chronic dialysis requires patients to frequently access hospital and clinic services, causing a heavy burden to healthcare providers. This also means that these patients are routinely tracked on administrative databases, yet very few case definitions for their identification are currently available. The aim of this study was to develop two algorithms derived from administrative data for identifying incident chronic dialysis patients and test their validity compared to the reference standard of the regional dialysis registry. Methods: The algorithms are based on data retrieved from hospital discharge records (HDR) and ambulatory specialty visits (ASV) to identify incident chronic dialysis patients in an Italian region. Subjects are included if they have at least one event in the HDR or ASV databases based on the ICD9-CM dialysis-related diagnosis or procedure codes in the study period. Exclusion criteria comprise non-residents, prevalent cases, or patients undergoing temporary dialysis, and are evaluated only on ASV data by the first algorithm, on both ASV and HDR data by the second algorithm. We validated the algorithms against the Emilia-Romagna regional dialysis registry by searching for incident patients in 2014. Results: Algorithm 1 identified 680 patients and algorithm 2 identified 676 initiating dialysis in 2014, compared to 625 patients included in the regional dialysis registry. Sensitivity for the two algorithms was respectively 90.8% and 88.4%, positive predictive value 84.0% and 82.0%, and percentage agreement was 77.4% and 74.1%. Conclusions: These results suggest that administrative data have high sensitivity and positive predictive value for the identification of incident chronic dialysis patients. Algorithm 1, which showed the higher accuracy and has a simpler case definition, can be used in place of regional dialysis registries when they are not present or sufficiently developed in a region, or to improve the accuracy and timeliness of existing registries.
Karakteristik Fisik Briket Tempurung Kelapa Menggunakan Perekat Tepung Tapioka
Authors: Ansar Ansar , Setiawati Diah Ajeng , Murad Murad , Muliani Baiq Sulasi
Published: May 2020

Briket merupakan salah satu biomassa bahan bakar alternatif sebagai pengganti energi fosil. Untuk menghasilkan briket yang berkualitas tinggi dibutuhkan alat cetak yang efektif dan efisien. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan perlakuan yang terbaik pada pembuatan briket dari tempurung kelapa. Pembuatan briket dilakukan dengan menggunakan 4 variasi pemompaan, yaitu 4, 6, 8, dan 12 kali. Parameter yang diamati adalah kekerasan, persentase kehancuran, kadar air, dan nyala api briket. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa briket tempurung kelapa yang paling baik terdapat pada perlakuan pemompaan 12 kali dengan kekerasan 27,7 kg/cm2, persentase kehancuran 18,50%, kadar air 4,55% dan nyala api 112,61 menit. Sedangkan kualitas paling jelek diperoleh pada pemompaan 4 kali dengan kekerasan 16,5 kg/cm2, persentase kehancuran 43,36%, kadar air 7,92%, dan nyala api 111,34 menit.
MUSYAWARAH MUFAKAT ATAU PEMILIHAN LEWAT SUARA MAYORITAS DISKURSUS POLA DEMOKRASI DI INDONESIA
Authors: Permatasari Dessi , Seftyono Cahyo
Published: May 2020

Democracy is the most popular system in our political discourse, not only in the global world but also in Indonesia. Democracy presents the common interest of people. Using all the infra-structure and supra-structure, the people interest could be contested as a government policy. The government policy, in Indonesia, has been produced in two mechanisms: Musyawarah Mufakat and Majority vote. Both of them based on our value called Pancasila. With the problem in democracy including space and number of people, musyawarah mufakat sometime replace in another process like majority vote. The example for majority vote is election, in national both in national scale and local scale such as Citi, Residence, and Province. But in other place musyawarah mufakat also perform in the making of policy in legislative level. In some case, the decision of discourse for government problems was decided by musyawarah mufakat. So, in this case, Musyawarah mufakat and Majority vote are same in the range of democracy system. Both of them also have fundamental reason that has fundamental reason as implementation of Pancasila as national value.
PARTISIPASI DAN AKUNTABILITAS DEWAN PENDIDIKAN PROVINSI DAERAH KHUSUS IBUKOTA JAKARTA DALAM PEMBANGUNAN PENDIDIKAN
Authors: Rahmatullah Rahmatullah , Mulyono Budi
Published: May 2020

The existence of the board of education in the province of Jakarta is a form of responsibility and community participation in education. Board of education was positioned as a companion to the government, whose presence is expected to be a strategic partner between the public and the government in the management and organization of education. Duties and functions of the provincial board of education is to provide recommendations to the governor about the the access and quality of education services. As the forum community participation, DKI Jakarta provincial education boards also helped encourage accountability and transparency of the use of public funds with the organizers that the school education department and school committees in open access usage of school funds to the public
KEMAMPUAN GURU PPKn MELAKUKAN ASSESSMENT PEMBELAJARAN BERDASARKAN KURIKULUM 2013
Authors: Sarkadi Sarkadi
Published: May 2020

ABSTRACT

This study discusses how a teacher's ability PPKn in Jakarta conducting assessment of learning after the enactment of curriculum 2013. Assessment of learning may include learning to competence assessment attitudes, knowledge, and skills. The results showed that the ability of teachers PPKn in conducting assessment of learning is: The average score of assessment by teachers PPKn in Jakarta which is used as target schools on the competence of attitude is 87. The competence of knowledge is 100, and the skill competency is 92. Score is categorized as excellent (76-100). In other words, the ability of teachers PPKn in conducting assessment of learning (competence attitudes, knowledge, and skills) in Jakarta which is used as target schools categorized as excellent,

Keywords: Education, teachers, civics education, learning assessment.
PEMAHAMAN PENDIDIK SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA DALAM SISTEM PENILAIAN KURIKULUM 2013
Authors: Ulumudin Ikhya
Published: May 2020

Government had implemented the 2013 Curriculum for 5 years now, however, in practice, there are still a lot of teachers who havenâ€™t fully comprehended this curriculum. Thus, it is intriguing to study â€œJunior High School Teacherâ€™s Comprehension on Assessment System in 2013 Curriculumâ€. This study aims to find out the level of comprehension junior high school teachers have regarding the assessment technique in 2013 Curriculum. Furthermore, this study also tried to discern issues faced by teachers in implementing the assessment system in 2013 Curriculum. This study uses qualitative approach, and data were collected using questionnaires and focus group discussion (FGD). 5 sample locations were selected using purposive technique. The informants in FGD were 25 teachers and respondents filling the questionnaire were 4337 teachers. The result concludes that junior high school teachersâ€™ comprehension on the assessment systemof 2013 Curriculum is still low and not optimal. There are also several issues in the implementation. Recommendation proposed are for a strategic and detailed dissemination and training, and also a simplification of the assessment system in 2013 Curriculum, especially in assessment for attitude aspect and descriptive assessment.
Operating in a Pandemic
Authors: Ding Benjamin Tze Keong , Soh Tamara , Tan Bryan Yijia , Oh Jacob Yoong-Leong , Mohd Fadhil Muhammad Farhan Bin , Rasappan Kumaran , Lee Keng Thiam
Published: May 2020

➤ With severe limitations in manpower, facilities, and equipment, and the concern for nosocomial transmission, operating in a pandemic is fraught with danger from multiple fronts.

➤ Strategies to mitigate nosocomial spread include prioritization of existing patients, triaging and treatment of new patient encounters, infection control protocols, perioperative considerations, manpower management, and novel strategies for interdisciplinary interaction and education.

➤ The decision to proceed with or postpone surgery should be based on the urgency of the surgical procedure and the physiological health of the patient.

➤ When performing an operation on a patient who has suspected or confirmed infection with novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), personal protection equipment should include hair covers, face shields or goggles, N95 respirator masks, a blood-borne pathogen-resistant surgical gown, shoe covers, and double-gloving with single-use gloves.

➤ Loose-fitting, powered air-purifying respirators should be considered for prolonged surgeries.

➤ An astutely formulated and comprehensive business continuity plan is an orthopaedic unit’s best strategy for maintaining critical standards, discipline, and morale in severe and prolonged outbreaks.
Epidemiological, Clinical and Virological Characteristics of Patients with Hepatitis C in Morocco
Authors: Tagajdid Mohamed Rida , Elkochri Safae , Elannaz Hicham , Abi Rachid , Amine Idriss Lahlou
Published: May 2020

Objectives: In Morocco, the exact and recent prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection is not well-known, due to the lack of recent epidemiological studies of the general Moroccan population. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of HCV and to describe the epidemiological, clinical and virological characteristics of patients infected with HCV diagnosed at the Mohammed V Military Teaching Hospital in Rabat, Morocco.
Methods: This was a prospective study, spread over a period of 3 years (April 2015 - April 2018). All patients with a positive anti-HCV serology were included in the study except those on hemodialysis. In addition to HCV serology, all patients included benefited from HIV serology as well as the Hbs antigen by a Chemiluminescent type Microparticle Immuno-Assay technique (Architect®, Abbott). RNA viral load and HCV genotyping was carried out using a real-time polymerase chain reaction.
Results: We collected 14,944 samples, of which 269 had positive anti-HCV antibodies (1.8%). The average age of patients with positive HCV serology was 61 years, the sex ratio (Male/Female) was 1.4. Dental care was identified in 53% of the cases. Viral hepatitis C was identified in 82% of cases during a systematic check up. The main clinical signs reported in our series were asthenia (25% of cases) and subicterus (7% of cases).
Conclusion and Implications for Translation: In Morocco, the exact prevalence of HCV infection is not well known, due to the lack of recent epidemiological studies of the general Moroccan population. Our study showed a prevalence of about 1.8% which is in accordance with the World Health Organization (WHO) estimation of between 1% and 2.49%.Our Epidemiological study provides important on the extent of the problem in Morocco, it raises the interest of mass screening and describes the populations at risk that will need to be identified as a priority.
Key words: • Epidemiology • Diagnosis • Hepatitis C • Morocco • Risk factor • Military Hospital • Virology
 
Copyright © 2020 Tagajdid et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
An Integrated Genetic-Algorithm/Artificial-Neural-Network Approach for Steady-State Modeling of Two-Phase Pressure Drop in Pipes
Authors: Chaari Majdi , Ben Hmida Jalel , Seibi Abdennour C. , Fekih Afef
Published: May 2020

Modeling of multiphase flow represents the cornerstone of oil/gas-production systems. Accurate pressure-drop estimation is crucial in the design and operations of subsea architectures. However, the complexity of the underlying physics governing the transport of mass, momentum, and energy considerably limits the accuracy of the current state-of-the-art models. In this paper, we resort to artificial intelligence to develop a unifying artificial-neural-network (ANN) model encompassing all flow conditions. A genetic algorithm (GA) is used to find the optimal input combination from a broad pool of candidates leading to the best prediction accuracy. To train and validate the model, we used the Stanford multiphase-flow database (SMFD). Comprising 5,659 measurements (1,800 of which are actual field data), the SMFD is the largest of its kind encompassing several published data sets. Eighty percent of the data were used to train the model (4,527 measurements) and the remaining 20% (1,132 measurements) were used for validation. The proposed model was compared with two published models, the Beggs and Brill (1973) model, which is widely used in the oil and gas industry, and the Petalas and Aziz (2000) model (a preeminent mechanistic model). The proposed model was proved to significantly increase the prediction accuracy across all pipe-inclination ranges (up to 88%) and also all observed flow patterns (up to 71%). This is a major contribution with potential benefits to the oil and gas industry, where, because of the limited accuracy of the current models, much conservatism is used in the design of subsea architectures, leading to shortfalls of millions in profits.
Population genomics of Vibrionaceae isolated from an endangered oasis reveals local adaptation after an environmental perturbation.
Authors: Vazquez-Rosas-Landa Mirna , Ponce-Soto Gabriel Yaxal , Aguirre-Liguori Jonás A. , Thakur Shalabh , Scheinvar Enrique , Barrera-Redondo Josué , Ibarra-Laclette Enrique , Guttman David S. , Eguiarte Luis E. , souza valeria
Published: May 2020

Background: In bacteria, pan-genomes are the result of an evolutionary "tug of war" between selection and horizontal gene transfer (HGT). High rates of HGT increase the genetic pool and the effective population size (Ne), resulting in open pan-genomes. In contrast, selective pressures can lead to local adaptation by purging the variation introduced by HGT and mutation, resulting in closed pan-genomes and clonal lineages. In this study, we explored both hypotheses, elucidating the pan-genome of Vibrionaceae isolates after a perturbation event in the endangered oasis of Cuatro Ciénegas Basin (CCB), Mexico, and looking for signals of adaptation to the environments in their genomes. Results: We obtained 42 genomes of Vibrionaceae distributed in six lineages, two of them did not showed any close reference strain in databases. Five of the lineages showed closed pan-genomes and were associated to either water or sediment environment; their high Ne estimates suggest that these lineages are not from a recent origin. The only clade with an open pan-genome was found in both environments and was formed by ten genetic groups with low Ne, suggesting a recent origin. The recombination and mutation estimators (r/m) ranged from 0.005 to 2.725, which are similar to oceanic Vibrionaceae estimations. However, we identified 367 gene families with signals of positive selection, most of them found in the core genome; suggesting that despite recombination, natural selection moves the Vibrionaceae CCB lineages to local adaptation, purging the genomes and keeping closed pan-genome patterns. Moreover, we identify 598 SNPs associated with an unstructured environment; some of the genes associated with these SNPs were related to sodium transport.Conclusions: Different lines of evidence suggest that the sampled Vibrionaceae, are part of the rare biosphere usually living under famine conditions. Two of these lineages were reported for the first time. Most Vibrionaceae lineages of CCB are adapted to their micro-habitats rather than to the sampled environments. This pattern of adaptation is concordant with the association of closed pan-genomes and local adaptation.