bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
«Концепция идеального» Э. В. Ильенкова и А. Ф. Лосев о перспективах «диалектического материализма»
Authors: Вахитов Р.Р.
Published: December 2024

Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью прояснить внутреннюю логику развития советского марксизма и отношений философов-идеалистов и материалистов в СССР. В статье рассматривается развитие советской марксистской философии и переход от ранней, метафизической стадии советского марксизма к зрелой, диалектической. В связи с этим данная статья направлена на выявление и осмысление предсказания А.Ф. Лосевым возникновения в советском марксизме концепции идеального и относительной автономности сознания. Ведущими методами исследования в статье являются текстуальный и компаративистский (сравнительный) методы, что позволило комплексно рассмотреть концепции А. Ф. Лосева и Э. В. Ильенкова. В статье обосновано, что предсказание А. Ф. Лосева сбылось в 1960-х, когда Э. В. Ильенков и его ученики разработали марксистское учение об идеальном. После этого можно стало говорить о том, что марксизм перешел на новый, более высокий уровень развития, поставивший его вровень с классической философией. При этом понимание идеального у Э. В. Ильенкова и его школы значительно отличалось от понимания идеального у А. Ф. Лосева. Материалы статьи представляют практическую ценность для историков русской и советской философии.

The relevance of the research is due to the need to clarify the internal logic of the development of Soviet Marxism and the relations of idealist and materialist philosophers in the USSR. The article examines the development of Soviet Marxist philosophy and the transition from the early, metaphysical stage of Soviet Marxism to the mature, dialectical one. In this regard, this article is aimed at identifying and understanding AF Losev's prediction of the emergence of the concept of ideal and relative autonomy of consciousness in Soviet Marxism. The leading research methods in the article are textual and comparative (comparative) methods, which made it possible to comprehensively consider the concepts of AF Losev and EV Ilyenkov. The article proves that AF Losev's prediction came true in the 1960s, when EV Ilyenkov and his students developed the Marxist doctrine of the ideal. After that, it became possible to say that Marxism had moved to a new, higher level of development, which put it on a par with the with classical philosophy. At the same time, the understanding of the ideal by EV Ilyenkov and his school differed significantly from the understanding of the ideal by AF Losev. The materials of the article are of practical value for historians of Russian and Soviet philosophy.
Инвестиции в высокотехнологичные проекты промышленных предприятий
Authors: Доброва К.Б.
Published: December 2024

Российские промышленные предприятия в последние несколько лет снизили свою инвестиционную активность в части финансирования высокотехнологичных проектов, которые крайне необходимы для их устойчивого и экономически эффективного развития. На основе анализа данных, публикуемых Росстатом и другими ведомствами, включая различные международные организации, в статье изложены основные причины сокращения промышленными предприятиями инвестиций в высокотехнологичные проекты: дефицит квалифицированных кадров, высокая стоимость заёмного финансирования, ограничения на участие предприятий в глобальном технологическом трансферте. Для решения этих и некоторых других проблем российских промышленных предприятий предложены следующие меры: использование научно-исследовательского (с дружественными странами) и промышленного аутсорсинга (внутри России); использование новых способов привлечения коллективных инвестиций в высокотехнологичные проекты (например, краудлендинг, краудинвестинг); переход к использованию долгосрочных стратегий обучения и развития персонала с акцентом на женскую рабочую силу.

Over the past few years, Russian industrial enterprises have reduced their investment activity in terms of financing high-tech projects, which are extremely necessary for their sustainable and cost-effective development. Based on the analysis of data published by Rosstat and other agencies, including various international organizations, the article outlines the main reasons for the reduction of investments in high-tech projects by industrial enterprises: a shortage of qualified personnel, high cost of debt financing, restrictions on the participation of enterprises in global technology transfer. To solve these and some other problems of Russian industrial enterprises, the following measures are proposed: the use of research (with friendly countries) and industrial outsourcing (within Russia); the use of new ways to attract collective investment in high-tech projects (for example, crowdlanding, crowdinvesting); the transition to the use of long-term strategies for personnel training and development with an emphasis on the female workforce.
Факторы, препятствующие экспорту инновационных технологий российских производителей
Authors: Чернявский С.В. , Маругина В.С.
Published: December 2024

В современном мире глобализации инновации играют ключевую роль в развитии экономики и общества. Однако, несмотря на значительный потенциал, их экспорт сталкивается с рядом ограничивающих факторов. Данная работа посвящена исследованию причин и препятствий, мешающих успешному выходу инновационных продуктов на международные рынки.

In the modern world, globalization of innovation play a key role in the development of the economy and society. However, despite the significant potential, their exports are faced with a number of limiting factors. This work is devoted to the study of the causes and obstacles that interfere with the successful exit of innovative products into international markets
CAROTID ENDARTERECTOMY: DEVELOPMENT, ESTABLISHMENT AND EVOLUTION OF THE METHOD
Authors: Akhmetzianov R. V. , Salakhov B. I. , Bredikhin R. A. , Akhmetzianova D. R.
Published: December 2024

Carotid endarterectomy was introduced into clinical practice only in the middle of the last century. However, this intervention has gained a very strong position in the arsenal of vascular surgeons, which is performed in every third case among all operations performed on arterial vessels. This literature review examines the history of the development of carotid endarterectomy methods, technical features and advantages of performing its classical and eversion methods, the relevance and effectiveness of this method of surgical treatment. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the results associated with perioperative and postoperative complications.
ARGONOPLASMIC COAGULATION IN THE TREATMENT OF CHRONIC RADIATION PROCTITIS COMPLICATED BY BLEEDING
Authors: Koltsov V. A. , Musinov I. M. , Alieva I. R.
Published: December 2024

Rationale: Chronic radiation proctitis is a complication of remote radiation therapy used to treat malignant neoplasms of the pelvis, and is often complicated by the development of rectal bleeding. Argonoplasmic coagulation is one of the available endoscopic methods of their treatment, but the effectiveness of its use needs to be studied.Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of endoscopic argonoplasmic coagulation to eliminate telangiectasias of the rectal mucosa in patients with chronic radiation proctitis complicated by bleeding, and to present a sectoral classification of lesions of the rectal mucosa with telangiectasias.Methods: The article presents the results of treatment of 18 patients with chronic radiation proctitis who underwent argonoplasmic coagulation of telangiectasias of the mucous membrane of the rectum in order to stop bleeding and prevent their occurrence. To assess the effectiveness of treatment, a sectoral classification of the rectal lesion was applied.Results: After argonoplasmic coagulation of telangiectasia of the rectal mucosa, all patients had no rectal bleeding for 6 months. In 13 (72%) patients, there was a sharp decrease in the frequency of blood excretion during defecation, in the remaining 5 (28%) patients there was no blood excretion from the rectum. In the postoperative period, two recurrence of bleeding from the treatment site was observed on the second and seventh days of the postoperative period, which required repeated application of argonoplasmic coagulation.Conclusion: Endoscopic argonoplasmic coagulation is effective in eliminating telangiectasia in patients with chronic radiation proctitis complicated by bleeding. The presented sectoral classification of rectal lesions in chronic radiation proctitis is convenient to use and contributes to the assessment of changes in the mucous membrane of the rectum in dynamics.
Особенности применения глубокого обучения для обнаружения номерных знаков на изображении и их последующая классификация методами компьютерного зрения
Authors: Ревера В.С. , Шельмина Е.А.
Published: December 2024

В статье представлена методика распознавания российских автомобильных номерных знаков с использованием современных технологий глубокого обучения, компьютерного зрения и оптического распознавания символов. Актуальность исследования обусловлена растущей потребностью в автоматизированных системах распознавания автомобильных номерных знаков для улучшения безопасности дорожного движения, оптимизации транспортных потоков и внедрения интеллектуальных транспортных систем. Исследование состоит из двух этапов. На первом этапе обучена нейронная сеть для обнаружения номерных знаков на изображении с использованием соответствующего набора данных автомобильных номеров. На втором этапе, на основе полученных детекций, осуществляется обработка изображений методами компьютерного зрения, выделение отдельных символов путем сегментации, а также их последующая классификация при помощи системы оптического распознавания символов с адаптированным алфавитом. Полученные результаты демонстрируют эффективность предложенного подхода и возможность его применения в реальных условиях. Материалы статьи представляют практическую ценность для специалистов, занимающихся разработкой систем автоматического распознавания номерных знаков, и могут быть использованы в сферах контроля доступа, мониторинга транспорта и обеспечения безопасности на дорогах.

The article presents a technique for recognizing Russian car license plates using modern technologies of deep learning, computer vision and optical character recognition. The relevance of the study is due to the growing need for automated license plate recognition systems to improve road safety, optimize traffic flows and implement intelligent transport systems. The study consists of two stages. At the first stage, a neural network was trained to detect license plates in the image using the appropriate dataset of license plate. At the second stage, based on the received detections, image processing is carried out using computer vision methods, the selection of individual characters by segmentation, as well as their subsequent classification using an optical character recognition system with an adapted alphabet. The results obtained demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach and the possibility of its application in real conditions. The materials of the article are of practical value for specialists involved in the development of automatic license plate recognition systems and can be used in the areas of access control, transport monitoring and road safety.
Genetic Characterization and Allele Frequencies of Three Populations of Systomus sarana (Hamilton, 1822) of Madhya Pradesh Reveled by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA
Authors:   Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Barkatullah University, Bhopal-462026 (M.P.) India, RK Garg , Mishra Shweta ,   Awadesh Pratap Singh (APS) University, Rewa (M.P.), India
Published: December 2024

The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR) technique was examined as a potential tool for identification of genetic stock, gene diversity/gene frequencies studies. During this investigation, total 17 specimens from three study sites i.e., Upper Lake (Bhopal), Kshipra dam (Ujjain) and Wainganga river (Balaghat) were studied and delineated genetic studies and allele frequencies studies among the three populations. Total numbers of multiple loci/DNA fingerprints were 27 in all three populations of which number of polymorphic loci were in 8 in Upper Lake, 11 Kshipra Dam, 8 Wainganga River. Genetic differentiation (GST) among the populations was found to be as 0.5926, estimated gene flow between population as Nm=0.3437, intra-population heterozygosity as HS=0.1518 and total heterozygosity as HT=0.3726 clearly reflecting high genetic polymorphism. Nei’s unbiased genetic identity and genetic distance was obtained as highest distance between Upper Lake and Kishpra dam as 0.7223 however, less genetic distance was obtained between Wainganga River and Khipra dam populations. However, population wise, the genetic analyses in Upper Lake Bhopal indicated lower genetic polymorphism (P) as 29.63% as compared to rest of population’s i.e., Kshipra Dam 40.74% and Wainganga River 62.96%. Nei’s gene diversity (h) was observed as 0.1306 in Upper Lake Bhopal, 0.1288 in Kshipra Dam and 0.1956 Wainganga River reflecting much higher gene diversity in Wainganga River. This may be due to declined of genetic variation in the stocks which could cause by manipulation of habitat as the natural habitat or pressure of anthropogenic activities around the reservoir which may cause the threats of fish habitats.
PBPK Modeling Characterizes the Impact of Administration Form and Drug-Drug Interaction on Aconitine
Authors:   Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, China, Gao Yue , Ge Yun-xuan ,   Faculty of Environment and Life, Beijing University of Technology, China, Zhang Zhuo ,   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, China, Zhuang Xiao-Mei ,   State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, China, Yan Jia-Yi ,   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, China, Gao Jing ,   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, China, Ma Zeng-chun ,   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, China, Wang Yu-guang ,   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, China
Published: December 2024

Aconitine (AC), the main efficient and toxic components of FUZI, has been studied extensively, but the investigation of appropriate in vivo pharmacokinetic model are limited. The aim of this study was to develop Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic models (PBPK) to predict organ exposure in different doses and methods of administration. Moreover, Paeoniflorin (PAE) and Glycyrrhetinic Acid (GA) were selected to develop a Drug-Drug Interaction (DDI) model with AC. The developed AC-PBPK and relative DDI model of multiple perpetrator drugs was able to adequately describe plasma concentrations and tissue distribution in rats. Furthermore, drug exposure by different administration forms were compared. The effects of drug compatibility on the pharmacokinetics of AC in rats were revealed. This study constructed accurate AC-PBPK and its relative DDI model for the first time, which is suitable for rats with multi-doses and routes of administration. It can be extrapolated to predict the in vivo exposure of AC, solve the problem that the drug concentration in tissue is difficult to obtain, which is applied to clarify the ADME process and toxicity mechanism of AC.
Probiotic Flavored Fermented Goat Milk as An Adequate Vehicle for Beneficial Bacteria and Higher Total Phenolic and Antioxidant Activity
Authors:   UNINTA University. Rua Coronel Antônio Rodrigues Magalhães, Brazil, Tonucci Livia Bordalo
Published: December 2024

The study aimed to evaluate two grape flavored fermented goat milk produced with or without probiotics. Physicochemical characteristics, sensory analysis, antioxidant profile and probiotics viability of the dairy beverages were analyzed. The phenolic contents and antioxidant activity of probiotic milk were higher than conventional milk. A higher loss in cell viability was observed for L. acidophilus than for the B. animalis. The average sensory acceptability scores obtained by both dairy beverages were higher than 6.5. Therefore, the probiotic fermented milk showed an adequate vehicle for the probiotics with good viability, a higher total phenolic and antioxidant activity and good acceptability.
From Bronchial Asthma to Tuberculosis: Unravelling the Cytokine-Macrophage Axis in Diverse Diseases
Authors:   ICMR- National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India, Ali Samim
Published: December 2024

Cytokines, tiny proteins secreted by cells, play a critical role in mediating communication and interactions between cells. They also function as immunomodulating agents, adjusting immune responses. When released into the bloodstream or tissues, cytokines bind to specific receptors on target immune cells, triggering cellular responses. Cytokines are implicated in various diseases, including asthma, COPD, HIV infection, and multiple sclerosis. This review delves into the intricate interplay between cytokines and macrophages, focusing on their roles in inflammation and the immune response. Macrophages, which are scavenger cells of the immune system, exhibit remarkable heterogeneity, reside in diverse tissues, and play crucial roles in both innate and acquired immunity. They can be activated for proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory functions, contributing to tissue destruction or regeneration. Cytokines influence macrophage activation and polarization, impacting the inflammatory process. Dysregulated cytokine production and macrophage activation are observed in various diseases. For example, in asthma, an imbalance in macrophage phenotypes contributes to airway hyperresponsiveness. Understanding the complex interplay between cytokines and macrophages is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies for inflammatory diseases. Future research directions include utilizing humanized animal models, single-cell sequencing, and immunomodulatory therapies to further decipher the intricate roles of cytokines and macrophages in health and disease. Ultimately, elucidating these interactions holds immense potential for improving human health outcomes.
Promises and Pitfalls of microRNAs as Biomarkers of Heart Failure
Authors:   Department of Pharmacology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran, NA Raissi-Dehkordi , NE Raissi-Dehkordi ,   Department of Pharmacology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran, MH Farjoo ,   Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran
Published: December 2024

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important non-coding molecules with regulatory roles in gene expression. In the past few years, miRNAs have arisen as apt candidates to assist with the diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of several diseases. Cardiovascular pathologies have emerged as a particularly interesting field for miRNAs as markers, as it appears that the pathophysiological changes following heart failure lead to measurable alterations in circulating miRNA levels.

Contents: In the present review, we explore the value, sensitivity and specificity of circulating miRNAs in diagnosis and prognosis of heart failure as reported in the literature, and discuss the underlying factors that currently prevent circulating miRNAs from becoming true clinical markers. In spite of the numerous attempts in identification and administration of cardiac miRNA markers, relatively small progress has been made in the application of these markers in clinical settings.

Small study populations and methodological differences, among other possible etiologies, have resulted in little reproducibility among studies.

Conclusion: Despite the encouraging preliminary results, considerable challenges, mainly concerning standardization, have thus far prevented miRNAs from approximating the validity of established biomarkers that are routinely used in clinics, let alone surpassing them. To conclude, rigorous methodology and universally standardized protocols prior to, and during miRNA analysis are required to warrant reproducible, validated and reliable results which will lead to clinical application of miRNA cardiac biomarkers.
Localized Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis of the Knee Joint: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors:   Departments of Orthopaedics, Beijing United Family Hospital, No 2 Jiangtai Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 10016, China., Jing Niu , Xu Bai Qiao ,   Departments of Orthopaedics and Pathology, Beijing United Family Hospital, No 2 Jiangtai Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 10016, China., Lu Jike ,   Departments of Orthopaedics, Beijing United Family Hospital, No 2 Jiangtai Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 10016, China.
Published: December 2024

The incidence rate of PVNS, which is synovium tissue as nodules or pedunculated masses, is low however, the localized type is even less. We reported a case of the unusual properties of LPVNS located in the knee.

A 32-year-old man presented to our clinic with pain and mechanic symptoms in his right knee. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an intra-articular mass in the infrapatellar area of the knee adjacent to the Hoffa fat pad close to femoral trochlea groove. The mass was hypo intense in the T1 sequence and heterogeneously hypointense in the T2 sequence as well, which was considered as a local type of tenosynovial giant cell tumor (LPVNS). Excision was carefully performed without penetrating the tumor. The gross appearance of the tumor was yellow-reddish and brown in color. Histopathologic examination revealed pigmented villonodular synovitis of the local type.

Localized Pigmented Villonodular Synovitis (LPVNS) is a very rare disease and it is silent and insidious, symptoms are non-specific, nevertheless, differentiation diagnosis should be keeping this entity in mind.

Even though the LPVNS of the knee is an uncommon intra-articular presenttion, overlook this lesion based on imaging findings is an import approach for diagnosis of LPVNS, and arthroscopy assisted excision is an option for management of the LPVNS if doing it appropriately.
An Exploration of The Cultural Symbolism of Some Indigenous Cosmetic Hair Variants in The Dormaa Traditional Area, Ghana.
Authors: Quampah B.
Published: December 2024

Purpose: The usefulness of traditional cosmetic variants in enhancing good hair grooming and cultural development cannot be underestimated. This paper focused on the cultural symbolism of indigenous cosmetic hair variations among the people of the Dormaa Traditional Area in the Bono region of Ghana.
Design/Methodology/Approach: This paper used interpretivism, necessitating a limited sample size and inductive reasoning. It used purposive sampling techniques to select seventeen (17) respondents. In-depth interviews and observations were used to gather data. Interpretive analysis was employed for the study.
Findings: Some indigenous hair cosmetic variants include shea butter, charcoal, soot, aloe vera and coconut oil. They have undergone very little or no processing to extract the cosmetic product out of it. They signify physical, emotional and spiritual healing, protection and renewal. It unlocks spiritual gateways which have been locked for a very long time. It enhances reproductive health. It also promotes tourism. Modern factors swaying people from using Indigenous products in their original state include globalisation, conformation to current trends and convenience.
Research Limitation: This research unbraids the sacred by exploring the cultural symbolism of some indigenous cosmetic hair variants at the Dormaa Traditional Area in Ghana.
Practical implications: This research can provide inferences about the sacredness of indigenous cosmetics in Ghana and West Africa.
Social Implication: This study will assist traditional rulers and stakeholders in educating the public on the cultural benefits of indigenous cosmetics for present and future generations.
Originality/ Value: This study is based on reverence for and projecting cultural values to perpetuate African heritage.
НЕЛИНЕЙНОЕ УРАВНЕНИЕ ШРЕДИНГЕРА С ДИСПЕРСИЕЙ И ПОТЕНЦИАЛОМ ОБЩЕГО ВИДА: ТОЧНЫЕ РЕШЕНИЯ И РЕДУКЦИИ
Authors: Полянин А. Д. , Кудряшов Н. А.
Published: December 2024

Исследуется нелинейное уравнение Шредингера общего вида, в котором хроматическая дисперсия и потенциал задаются двумя произвольными функциями. Рассматриваемое уравнение является естественным обобщением широкого класса родственных нелинейных уравнений, которые часто встречаются в различных разделах теоретической физики, включая нелинейную оптику, сверх­проводимость и физику плазмы. Найдены точные решения нелинейного уравнения Шредингера общего вида, которые выражаются в квадратурах. Описаны одномерные несимметрийные редукции, приводящие исследуемое уравнение в частных производных к более простым обыкновенным дифференциальным уравнениям или системам таких уравнений. Специальное внимание уделено уравнениям, дисперсия которых задается степенной функцией. Полученные в данной работе точные решения могут использоваться в качестве тестовых задач, предназначенных для оценки точности численных методов интегрирования нелинейных уравнений математической физики
АНАЛИЗ ФАКТОРОВ УСПЕХА И ДЕЙСТВИЙ В ПРОЕКТАХ DEVOPS С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ ТЕОРИИ НЕЧЕТКИХ МНОЖЕСТВ
Authors: Левадний Е. И. , Романов Р. М.
Published: December 2024

В быстро развивающейся области разработки программного обеспечения компании все чаще используют парадигму DevOps для повышения скорости и качества. Однако управление процессами DevOps сопряжено со значительными трудностями. Несмотря на то, что свод знаний по управлению проектами (PMBOK) предоставляет лучшие практики, не зависящие от отрасли, существует пробел в понимании практической осуществимости достижения ее факторов успеха в рамках проектов DevOps. Цель исследования – выявить ключевые факторы успеха в управлении ИТ-проектами DevOps, которые считаются важными, но не всегда реализуются на практике. Проведен анкетный опрос с использованием теории нечетких множеств и метода анализа нечеткой иерархии для решения многокритериальных задач принятия решений. В результате анализа был составлен ранжированный список действий, в котором были выделены две группы: действия, которыми пренебрегают, и действия, которым уделяется больше внимания, чем требуется. Эти результаты указывают на несоответствия между признанными факторами успеха и реальной практикой управления. Устранение этих несоответствий имеет решающее значение для повышения эффективности управления проектами DevOps, оптимизации распределения ресурсов и улучшению показателей успешности проектов. Эти выводы служат основой для разработки стратегий, которые лучше интегрируют принципы PMBOK в процессы DevOps.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ТВЕРДОТЕЛЬНОЙ ПОРЫ В МЕМБРАНЕ ИЗ НИТРИДА КРЕМНИЯ СРЕДСТВАМИ ЧИСЛЕННОГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ
Authors: Замятина О. В. , Еганова Е. М.
Published: December 2024

Перспективной системой для создания биосенсоров нового поколения является твердотельная пора, размеры которой сопоставимы с исследуемой молекулой. Суть детектирования и анализа частиц заключается в регистрации ионных токов, протекающих через пору. При этом в момент, когда в пору проникает молекула исследуемого объекта, величина тока изменяется в зависимости от размера и формы частицы. Следовательно, масштабы данных изменений могут являться признаком, позволяющим производить детектирование определенных частиц. Интерпретация результатов экспериментов по измерению вольт-амперных характеристик (ВАХ) нанопор является комплексной задачей, одним из решений которой может стать создание численной модели твердотельной нанопоры. В работе представлено создание математической модели исследуемых образцов твердотельных пор в мембране из нитрида кремния в программе COMSOL MultiPhysics®. Произведено моделирование процесса протекания ионного тока через поры различного диаметра, получены соответствующие ВАХ. Для верификации модели создана методика измерения ВАХ реальных образцов мембран, отработанная при проведении ряда экспериментов по измерению ВАХ образцов с порами диаметром 1–57 мкм и 55–140 нм. Установлено, что отклонение результатов моделирования от результатов эксперимента составляет порядка 30 % для измерений пор диаметром меньше 70 нм и не превышает 10–15 % в остальных случаях. Работа показывает отклик системы на пропускание наночастиц золота диаметром 40 нм. В России полномасштабных работ по созданию подобных математических моделей твердотельных пор и их измерению не проводится. Данная работа может служить отправной точкой для проведения серии экспериментов по измерению твердотельных нанопор.
ДИАГНОСТИКА ЗЛОКАЧЕСТВЕННЫХ НОВООБРАЗОВАНИЙ ГРУДНОЙ КЛЕТКИ С ПОМОЩЬЮ НЕЙРОННЫХ СЕТЕЙ
Authors: Зимина А. Г.
Published: December 2024

Негативная динамика частоты онкологических заболеваний придает высокую значимость и актуальность задаче повышения эффективности методов диагностики. По всему миру ежегодно выявляют более 10 млн случаев патологии, в том числе фиксируется 2.2 млн случаев онкологии легких, из которых 1.8 млн случаев заканчиваются летально. Ранняя, дифференциальная и точная диагностика заболевания традиционно считается важной задачей медицины. Целью работы является создание автоматизированной системы обработки результатов объективного контроля для дифференциальной диагностики злокачественных новообразований в грудной клетке и повышение с ее помощью точности и скорости диагностики. Полученный в результате работы продукт представляет собой систему искусственного интеллекта на основе нейронной сети, осуществляющей анализ изображений и их множественную классификацию. Анализ изображений позволяет не только фиксировать отсутствие или наличие злокачественных новообразований, но и в последнем случае произвести дифференциальную диагностику аденокарциномы, крупноклеточной карциномы и плоскоклеточного рака легких. Результаты работы данного продукта заметно превосходят достижения других описанных и доступных в настоящее время систем: полученный в результате работы продукт имеет ошибку 3.5 %, в то время как ошибка существующих аналогов составляет не менее 7.1 %, что в два раза больше ошибки полученной системы. Предлагаемый продукт позволяет в два раза сократить количество неправильно поставленных системой диагнозов по сравнению с существующими в настоящее время аналогами.
The impact of Sudafed on spleen of albino mice
Authors: Yasmin L. Alsaadi , Bassam K. Abdul Ameer , Ban Jasim Mohamad , Faiza Kathum Omra
Published: December 2024

Pseudoephedrine (PSE), often known as Sudafed, belongs to a class of medications known as sympathomimetic amines, which affect the digestive system, respiratory system, and cardiovascular system. This drug has a long history of medical use; it is helpful in treating symptoms of the common cold and flu, sinusitis, asthma, and bronchitis. Due to its central nervous system (CNS) stimulant properties and structural similarity to amphe­tamine, it is also used for non-medical purposes such as doping agent, to increase focus, and as a substance that gets rid of exhaustion and drowsiness. Nevertheless only a few studies, backed up its impact on solid abdominal organs. The aim of this task is to investigate the effect of some dosages of PSE medication on the histology of albino mice's spleens. The current study included 18 albino mice grouped into 2 groups: control (3 mice), and acute group (15 mice). The acute group was further divided into five subcategories with 3 mice in each, and the animals received a single intraperitoneal injection of 0.3 ml of each of the following concentrations of drug for 24 hours: 500 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg, 125 mg/kg, 62.52 mg/kg, and 31.24 mg/kg. After the mentioned period, the mice of all subgroups were sacrificed and the spleens were removed, processed, sectioned and stained for histological analysis. Results showed that the amount of PSE administered at 500 mg/kg caused considerable sago spleen, numerous amyloid depositions in peripheral zone, sinusoidal red pulp congestion, and hyperplasia inside the germinal center. While less powerful effects or no detectable pathological alterations were seen at lower doses (125, 62.52, and 31.24 mg/Kg). This investigation demonstrated some pathological effects of this drug on spleen of albino mice at higher doses as compared to lower doses and control which recommends the use of minimal doses of PSE to avoid its adverse effects.
Hepatorenal syndrome in decompensated portal hypertension
Authors: Tutchenko M.I. , Besedinskyi M.S. , Aslanian S.A. , Kluzko I.V. , Rudyk D.V. , Chub S.L.
Published: December 2024

Hepatorenal syndrome is the development of kidney failure in patients with decompensated chronic diseases with portal hypertension. This study aimed to search for  optimal methods of early diagnostics, therapeutic approaches and establishment of lethality causes in hepatorenal syndrome. The research presents the outcomes of treatment of 192 patients diagnosed with hepatorenal syndrome and undergoing inpatient care at the Municipal non-profit enterprise “Kyiv City Clinical Emergency Hospital” and the Clinic of the Department of Surgery of the Dental Faculty of the Bogomolets National Medical University between 2018 and 2023. Renal dysfunction and increased creatinine were detected in 192 (43.9%) out of 437 patients with decompensated portal hypertension, who were subsequently divided into two groups based on the degree of decompensation. The first group, comprising 57 (29.7%) patients, fell into class B according to the Child-Pugh scale and had <30 points according to the MELD scale. The second group consisted of 135 (70.3%) patients classified as class C and ≥30 points according to the MELD scale. In the treatment of hepatorenal syndrome, as well as in order to ensure an euvolemic state and prevent circulatory dysfunction, after therapeutic paracentesis, an infusion of 20% albumin solution at the rate of 6-8 g/l of evacuated ascites was used. The appointment of terlipsin in patients with portal hypertension complicated by bleeding in the presence of hepatorenal syndrome had a double effect in the form of a constrictor effect aimed both at stopping bleeding and at changing the splanchnic blood flow, which contributes to the improvement of kidney function. Stopping bleeding, eliminating the infectious factor in ascitic fluid, reducing intra-abdominal pressure, correcting biochemical parameters, and optimizing intra-abdominal blood flow were components of the treatment of hepatorenal syndrome. Depending on the combination of the number and severity of complications of portal hypertension, the number of unsatisfactory treatment results also increased. The total mortality in the development of hepatorenal syndrome was 80.2%. The primary criterion for diagnosing hepatorenal syndrome is the control of diuresis and its daily decline, coupled with an increase in creatinine levels exceeding 30 mmol/l within 48 hours.Varicose bleeding, severe ascites accompanied by intra-abdominal hypertension, and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis serve both as triggering factors for hepatorenal syndrome development and increase mortality rates.
Spontaneous pneumothorax: intubated or non-intubated surgery?
Authors: Tkalich V.V. , Nedilia Yu.V. , Borysova V.I. , Galiiev O.V. , Savoliuk S.I.
Published: December 2024

The aim of our clinical study was to justify and implement non-intubated video assisted thoracic surgery as a part of enhanced recovery after surgery pathway in treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax. Data of 150 patients who underwent surgical treatment were  retrospectively analyzed. Among them group 1 of 75 patients underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and group 2 of 75 patients underwent non-intubated VATS surgical treatment. All patients underwent atypical resection of the lung and pleural abrasion, diaphragm augmentation with mesh if diaphragm endometriosis was suspected. The perioperative data, short-term outcomes and recurrence rates of these two groups were compared. The two groups had comparable demographic, perioperative investigations, fluid infusions during surgery, the volume of surgery intraoperatively, blood loss, time for chest drain removal, length of stay in the hospital and the rate of complications. There were no conversions to thoracotomy or intubated general anaesthesia, no mortality. The peak end-tidal carbon dioxide was significantly higher in the non-intubated group than in the intubated group (mean: 48±8.6 vs 34±6.2 mmHg, p<0.001). The mean follow-up was 20.2±3.9 months in the non-intubated group and 24.7±4.2 months in the intubated group (p>0.05). Chest tube duration was 4.11 days in group 1 and 3.76 days in group 2. The recurrence rate of pneumothorax after surgery was 4% in both groups. Nnon-intubated video-assisted thoracic surgery for spontaneous pneumothorax could be considered a feasible, safe and effective method of treatment, even with mesh diaphragm augmentation, in cases of catamenial pneumothorax and can be a part of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery pathway. Continious follow-up and additional  clinical investigations are supposed to validate the profits of the suggested approach.
Effective strategies for coordinated rehabilitation
Authors: Shuranova L. , Vacková J. , Rimárová K. , Hryshchuk A.
Published: December 2024

Rehabilitation of stroke patients is a complex process that requires coordination between healthcare professionals, patients and their families. This study aims to develop strategies to optimize coordinated care and rehabilitation in order to improve patients' quality of life and facilitate their return to normal life. The main objective is to examine the implementation of coordinated care and rehabilitation before, during and after hospital discharge. The study was conducted within the framework of the project GAJU 066/2022/S, approved by the Ethics Commission (number 6/2022). A qualitative approach was used, with semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals involved in the rehabilitation of patients after stroke as the main method of data collection. The study involved 143 professionals from different hospitals, including doctors, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, psychologists, social workers and nurses. The data were analysed using ATLAS.ti software and different coding strategies [1]. Based on the information obtained, a SWOT analysis was conducted, the results of which were used to propose process optimization. It helped to identify key strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to coordinated rehabilitation. The results indicate the need to improve cooperation between professionals and increase the availability of coordinated rehabilitation services. Key challenges include insufficient support and awareness of patients and their families, limited access to home-based rehabilitation services, and insufficient coordination between health and social service providers. Recommended strategies include improving interprofessional communication, expanding access to home-based services, increasing financial support, improving education of patients and their families, and introducing a system for monitoring the quality of services provided.
EBV-associated lymphoadenopathy in a child
Authors: Mateiko H.B. , Hlushko U.A. , Nesterova T.V. , Antoniuk L.V. , Horbal N.B.
Published: December 2024

Lymphadenopathy is observed in 55% of children under  the age of 10 years and the most often it has a bacterial or viral etiology, but it also can manifest as lymphoproliferative diseases or lymphomas. Lymphoproliferative diseases are characterized by uncontrolled growth of lymphocytes with the development of monoclonal lymphocytosis, lymphadenopathy and bone marrow infiltration. Since the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has oncogenic potential, it is essential for doctors to be vigilant about generalized persistent lymphadenopathy on the background of chronic persistent Epstein-Barr infection. The purpose of the article is to increase the awareness of doctors of various specialties about the risk of developing EBV-associated lymphoproliferative diseases in children with generalized persistent lymphadenopathy using the example of a clinical case discussion. The article describes a clinical case of a 14-year-old patient with persistent lymphadenopathy on the background of chronic Epstein-Barr infection. Immunohistochemical study of the lymph node biopsy revealed reactive hyperplasia with expressed immune blast transformation, the presence of CD30-positive cells while excluding Hodgkin lymphoma. It is recommended to involve a multidisciplinary team to prescribe appropriate antiviral therapy, regularly monitor the clinical course, dynamics of laboratory and immunological indicators. The result of the study is the recommendation to repeat biopsy in the absence of positive dynamics in patients with persistent Epstein-Barr infection and lymphadenopathy.
BREAKING BARRIERS: INVESTIGATING THE FACTORS CONTRIBUTING TO THE EFFEC-TIVE INTEGRATION OF PWDS AND SENIOR CITIZEN WORKERS IN METRO MANILA’S FOOD CHAIN INDUSTRY
Authors: Gonzales Jane Cameron , Tolibas Rances Cilene , Rosete Marie Antoinette
Published: December 2024

Objective: This paper aims to determine the effectiveness of PWDs and Senior Citizen workers in Metro Manila’s Food Establishments by assessing the various factors and barriers that affect their integration.
 
Theoretical Framework: In this study, the major theory used is the employment continuum, which evaluates the workers, employer, and the workplace itself. This theory is used as a roadmap to ensure a successful implementation of employment.
 
Method: This study employed a mixed-methods approach in which data from both qualitative and quantitative souces is examined, mean of grouped data, frequency and percentage distribution, and correlation matrix to assess the different relationships between the variables
 
Results and Discussion: The study revealed that the effectiveness of workers has a positive moderate correlation to the factors and a low negative correlation to the barriers. This suggests employer options for improving employee comfort are limited. Effective integration requires clear laws and regulations.
 
Research Implications: The practical and theoretical implications of this research contribute to the fields of disability studies, aging studies, and organizational behavior by challenging stereotypes, promoting social justice, and informing evidence-based practices for inclusive workplaces.
 
Originality/Value: This study illuminates the critical role of inclusive workplace practices and supportive policies in empowering PWDs and Senior Citizen within the food industry. By identifying key barriers and facilitators to integration, this study provides valuable insights for policymakers, employers, and advocates to implement strategies that promote the full potential of these marginzalized groups.
LINGUISTIC CATEGORIZATION OF COLOR IN STATIC SYSTEMS AND SUBLTE DIFFERENCES DETECTED BY GENDER
Authors: Pineda Lorena Olmos , Tejeda Jorge Gil
Published: December 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate how individuals in a specific culture perform the linguistic categorization of the dominant color in an image and to identify potential differences in such categorization.
 
Theoretical Framework: Language is a fundamental component not only of culture but also of the mechanisms of the human brain, influencing both information processing and perception of the world. In this sense, linguistic categorization can provide insight into the functioning of the human mind, the perceptual experience of certain phenomena, and how language and visual perception interact across different cultures.
 
Method: An empirical study was conducted in which participants were exposed to images with a dominant color. The linguistic categorization of this color was evaluated based on the participants' gender.
 
Results and Discussion: The results showed variation in the linguistic categorization of the dominant color by gender. Women exhibited a broader range of categorization for different colors, which was also influenced by the intrinsic qualities of the object as well as by the visual processing derived from human structure
 
Implications of the Research: The findings could influence how colors are used in products and advertising in a culturally sensitive manner, where color perception is critical based on gender differences.
 
Originality/Value: This study examines how the intrinsic qualities of objects and human visual structure can alter perception and categorization, offering a new perspective on the relationship between language, culture, and the recognition of static systems.
The Effect of Inclusive Leadership on Green Organizational Behavior
Authors: Çelik Neriman
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of inclusive leadership on organizational green behavior. The sample of the research consists of employees operating in Turkey.Simple random sampling method was used in the research.713 people answered the survey. IBM AMOS-22 and SPSS-22 programswereused to analyze the data obtained. Reliability, correlation and multiple regression analyzes were performed in the research, respectively. According to the analysis results, it is seen that inclusive leadership positively affects green organizational behavior.According to the results obtained, it was determined that the ınclusive leadership levels of the employees significantly affected all the sub-dimensions of green organizational behavior.
Effect of Macroeconomic Variables on the Performance of the Nigerian Capital Market
Authors: Nwankwo Ifeanyi , Gado Nuhu Dogara
Published: December 2024

The capital market as a veritable engine of development has attracted discussions among scholars. This paper reviewed the findings of several studies on the effect of the macroeconomic variables on the performance of the capital market in Nigeria. Content study was used where the findings of several other studies were reviewed to identify anyconsensus or divergence on the findings. The findings indicate a positive and significant relationship between the variables of aggregate money supply and Gross Domestic Product on one hand and the development of the capital market in Nigeria. Interest rates and inflation were shown to have negative and significant effect. Findings on the effect of the exchange rate were divergent and, therefore inconclusive. It was recommended that governments at all levels should make concerted efforts to tame corruptionand provide infrastructures to improve business activities as well as effectively manage inflation and interest rates through appropriate policies.
The Relationship Between Strategic Physiognomy and E-Service Delivery The Mediating Role of Marketing Intelligence
Authors: Al-Hakeem Layla Mohsen Hassan , H. Ismail Amjad , Jarallah Mohammed Awad , Amanah Ahmed Abdullah , Abood Nasrullah Hamdan
Published: December 2024

The study aims to discover the mediating role of Marketing Intelligence in enhancing the relationship between Strategic Physiognomy in its dimensions and the provision of E-Service Delivery. The study focuses on evaluating the methods used in collecting and analyzing data to identify challenges and oppurtunities in the Iraq tourism environment. The study relied on environmental scanning to collect data on the problems facing the tourism sector in Iraq and analyze them to determine future trends. Advanced techniques and programs were used to collect and analyze informantion in line with the objektives, problem and questions of the sdudy. The questionnaire was used as a means of obtaining information from the sample of (162) individuals in Iraqi tourism companies. The data were analyzed using statistical programs (Amos V.23), (SPSS V:23). The study concluded that there is a direct impact of Strategic Physiognomy in providing E-Service Deliveriy, and an indirect impact of Strategic Physiognomy in providing E-Service Delivery through adopting Marketing Intelligence. While the study reached a set of recommendations, the most important of which is that companies should use advanced analysis tools to collect and analyze data on markets, costumers and competitors on a regular basis and train employees to use and benefit from them in making strategic decisions.