bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A novel recombinant adenovirus expressing apoptin and MEL genes kills hepatocellular carcinoma cells and inhibits the growth and metastasis of ectopic tumors
Authors: Wu Jingqiao , Lan Zhaoyu , Li Xin , He Jinling , Zhang Dongchao , Jin Tianming
Published: April 2024

HCC is the most common fatal malignancy. Although surgical resection is the primary treatment strategy, most patients are not eligible for resection due to tumor heterogeneity, underlying liver disease, or comorbidities. Therefore, this study explores the possibility of multi-molecular targeted drug delivery in treating HCC. In this study, we constructed the recombinant adenovirus co-expressing apoptin and melittin (MEL) genes. The inhibitory effect of recombinant adenovirus on hepatocellular carcinoma cells was detected through experiments on cell apoptosis, migration, invasion, and other factors. The tumor inhibitory effect in vivo was assessed using subcutaneous HCC mice. Results showed that recombinant adenovirus co-expressing anti-tumor genes TAT and apoptin, RGD and MEL can significantly inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of HCC cells by inducing an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, upregulation of apoptotic proteins such as Bax, caspase-3, and caspase-9, and downregulation of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2. In subcutaneous HCC mice, recombinant adenovirus induced significant apoptosis in tumor cells, inhibited tumor growth. In conclusion, recombinant adenovirus co-expressing apoptin and MEL can inhibit the growth and proliferation of tumor cells both in vivo and in vitro.
Preliminary evaluation of the consistency between prediction of drug sensitivity and clinical treatment in organoid model of secondary liver cancer
Authors: Wei Wei , Guo Hui-Long , Chen Jing-Yao , Jiang Xiao-Feng
Published: April 2024

Aim
To establish a clinically applicable organoid-based model for drug sensitivity and evaluate its predictive accuracy in determining the effectiveness of chemotherapy for secondary liver cancer arising from gastrointestinal tumors.
Methods
Relevant information and tumor tissue from four cases of colorectal cancer with liver metastasis (synchronous or metachronous), and a case of gastric cancer with liver metastasis, were collected at the Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between January 1, 2019, to December 31, 2022. Liver metastasis organoid models were established, and drug sensitivity tests for fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and irinotecan were conducted. Drug sensitivity of liver metastatic organoids was assessed using IC50 values. Changes in tumor size in patients before and after clinical drug administration were calculated based on RECIST 1.1 criteria. The relationship between drug sensitivity scores of organoids and tumor size before and after treatment was analyzed.
Results
Four colorectal cancer liver metastases and one gastric cancer liver metastases were successfully cultured from patient samples. Histological staining verified the homogeneity of these models. Consistency was observed between the drug sensitivity scores of the organoids and the changes in tumor size in patients before and after clinical drug administration.
Conclusion
The organoid model drug sensitivity testing of secondary liver cancer originating from gastrointestinal tumors can effectively predict the efficacy of chemotherapy drugs in clinical practice and guide treatment decisions.
Stereotactic body radiation therapy is beneficial for a subgroup of patients with urothelial cancer and solitary metastatic disease: a single institution real-world experience
Authors: Svedman Fernanda Costa , Holmsten Karin , Jawdat Faith , Hailom Wehazit , Alm Daniel , Grozman Vitali , Ullén Anders
Published: April 2024

Background
Standard treatment options for patients with metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC) include systemic platinum-based chemotherapy, immunotherapy, antibody-drug-conjugates, and targeted therapy. Oligometastatic disease (OMD) may be an intermediate state between localized and generalized cancer. The best treatment strategy for OMD and oligoprogressive (OPD) disease is poorly studied in mUC but local stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) could be an option to avoid or delay systemic treatment. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and feasibility of SBRT given in a real-world patient population.
Methods
All patients with mUC treated with SBRT at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden between 2009 and 2022 were included in this study. Baseline clinical characteristics, treatment data, SBRT dosimetry data and treatment outcome were collected retrospectively. The study endpoints were local control rate (LCR), progression-free-survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and feasibility of SBRT.
Results
In total 39 patients were treated with SBRT. The median follow-up was 25.6 months. The LCR was 82%. PFS and OS were 4.1 and 26.2 months, respectively. Treatment was well tolerated; all patients but one (treatment related pain) completed the planned SBRT. Number of metastases irradiated with SBRT was significantly associated with outcome; patients with only one irradiated lesion had more favourable PFS compared to individuals with 2 or more metastases (HR 4.12, 95% CI: 1.81–9.38, p = 0.001). A subgroup of patients (15%) achieved a sustained long-term survival benefit and never required systemic treatments after SBRT.
Conclusions
SBRT was well tolerated and associated with high LCR. A subpopulation of patients with single metastatic lesion achieved long-term OS and never required subsequent systemic treatment after SBRT. Prospective randomized studies are warranted to discover treatment predictive biomarkers and to investigate the role of SBRT in oligometastatic UC.
IAMPDB: A Knowledgebase of Manually Curated Insects-Derived Anti-Microbial Peptides
Authors: Samanta Sintu Kumar , Mondal Rajat Kumar , Tripathi Prabhat , Mondal Rudra Prasad , Sen Debarup , Arya Ankish , Karmakar Debayan , Pal Oshin , Dey Avijit
Published: April 2024

Insects, a majority of animal species, rely on innate immunity and Anti-Microbial Peptides (AMPs), are a part of their innate immunity, to combat diverse parasites and pathogens. These peptides have applications ranging from agriculture to anti-microbial resistance. However, there's a lack of a specialized database, prompting the development of the Insect Anti-Microbial Peptide Database (IAMPDB) as a pioneering comprehensive Knowledgebase dedicated to Insect-derived Anti-Microbial Peptides (IAMPs), serving as a resource for researchers and industry professionals. Curated from UniProt and associated literature(s), IAMPDB currently houses 438 curated entries of IAMPs from various insect species, spanning 10 taxonomical orders of insects. Each entry is meticulously annotated with details on peptide sequences, source organisms, activities, physicochemical properties, and more. IAMPDB offers a user-friendly interface with diverse search options, interactive visualizations, and links to external databases; advanced tools, including a Peptide Sequence Alignment Toolbox and a Peptide Feature Calculation Toolbox, facilitating sequence alignment, physicochemical property calculation, and in-depth analysis. The knowledgebase is accessible at URL: https://bblserver.org.in/iampdb/.
Day 3 embryo quality is a predictor for the clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate in single frozen- thawed poor-quality blastocyst transfer
Authors: Yang Li , Yin Minna , Sun Ling , Xu Jian , Liu Jun , Wang Hui , Liang Yunhao , Wu Huijiao , Jiang Yu , Li Meiyi , Wu Zhufeng , Chen Zhiheng , Liu Shuai
Published: April 2024

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the utility of day 3 embryo quality in the selection of same-grade blastocysts, particularly focusing on poor-quality blastocysts, to predict clinical pregnancy and live birth rates.
Methods: Seven hundred and thirty-four frozen-thawed single blastocyst transfer cycles carried out between January 2018 to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Cycles were categorized into four groups based on embryo grade: G-G group (good-quality blastocysts derived from day 3 good-quality embryos group, n=194), G-P group (good-quality blastocysts derived from day 3 poor-quality embryos group, n=230), P-Ggroup (poor-quality blastocysts derived from day 3 good-quality embryos group, n=94) and P-P group (poor-quality blastocysts derived from day 3 poor-quality embryos group, n=216). The analysis focused on the role of the day 3 embryo quality in selecting single frozen-thawed good- or poor- quality blastocyst for transfer.
Results: Good-quality blastocysts derived from day 3 poor-quality embryos had comparable pregnancy outcomes to those derived from day 3 good-quality embryos (clinical pregnancy rates: 63.91% vs. 65.98%; live birth rates: 53.04% vs. 55.15%, respectively P≥0.05). However, poor-quality blastocysts derived from day 3 good-quality embryos exhibited significantly higher clinical pregnancy rates (58.51% vs. 37.96%, P＜0.01; OR 2.006,95% CI 1.185-3.395, P＜0.05) and live birth rates (52.13% vs. 28.70%, P＜0.001; OR 2.318, 95% CI 1.355-3.966, P＜0.01) than those derived from day 3 poor-quality embryos.
Conclusion(s): Day 3 embryo quality serves as a predictor for the clinical pregnancy and live birth rate after single frozen-thawed poor-quality blastocyst transfer. When only poor-quality blastocysts are available, selecting those derived from day 3 good-quality embryo for transfer may expedite the process of achieving a live birth.
Detection of organized group movements in trajectory data
Authors: Silva Thayanne França , Maia José Everardo Bessa
Published: April 2024

Background Georeferencing sensors are available in people, animals, or objects to generate trajectory data for relevant civilian and military applications. A common task in these applications is detecting and recognizing organized group movement patterns. Methods based on Shannon Entropy and Spectral Clustering are two widely used general approaches, however, they fail to detect organized group movements for various motion patterns.Methods To address these limitations, this article proposes a Network Inference-based approach followed by clustered data analysis and evaluation of cluster quality using the DBSCAN and Silhouette Coefficient algorithms.Results In our experiments, we compared our approach against Shannon Entropy and Spectral Clustering on simulated and real data, using the organization index median in a run, as the metric. Specifically, the proposed method had superior performance in three simulated scenarios, which were Ants, Wolf Sheep Predation, and Flocking, and in two real data sets, which are Fish School Trajectories and PETS09-S2L1.Conclusion Our approach presents a promising solution for identifying organized group movements, critical for emergency decision-making and resource optimization in practical applications.
Comparison of Some Bread and Durum Wheat Cultivars in Absorption and Translocation of Cd
Authors: Fotovat Amir , Abedinzadeh Narges , Atarodi Basir
Published: April 2024

Previous studies on the difference in accumulation and translocation of cadmium (Cd) among different wheat cultivars have typically focused on a small number of cultivars or used a culture medium with a single Cd level while selecting a specific plant vegetative stage. However, the present study aimed to assess the effect of the mentioned factors on the uptake, translocation, and accumulation of this toxic element among ten wheat cultivars grown in soil with three levels of Cd (0, 10, and 20 mg kg-1). The cultivars included five spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (Pishgam, Sirvan, Rakhshan, Talaei, and Parsi) and five spring durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) (Behrang, Hana, Aran, Shabrang, and Sana). At maturity, plant organs were harvested and digested by the wet oxidation method (using nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide). Then, the concentrations of the metal in grain, leaves, stem, and root were determined. Moreover, translocation Factors from shoot to grain (TFG: Sh) and root to grain (TFG: R) were calculated for the cultivars. The results revealed that different wheat cultivars exhibited varying behaviors in Cd absorption and transfer at each level of soil contamination. TFG:Sh seems to be the main agent for the difference in grain Cd accumulation in different cultivars. The highest and lowest amounts of grain Cd belonged to Behrang and Sana (durum cultivars), respectively. However, the concentration of Cd in plant organs in the control samples was not detectable. Additionally, durum wheat behavior changed at the higher level of soil Cd and in contrast to previous efforts, bread wheat cultivars surprisingly accumulated more Cd in the grain and other parts of the plant than durum cultivars at levels of 20 mg kg-1. As a result, Cd accumulation in wheat can be different among cultivars due to their physiological characteristics, regardless of whether they are durum or bread.
Development of panel of three-dimensional biomarkers to identify gastric carcinoma and precancerous lesions of the stomach - An analytical cross-sectional study
Authors: Karra Sandhya , Sinduja Ramanan , Gurushankari Balakrishnan , Elamurugan Thirthar Palanivelu , Mahalakshmy Thulasingam , Kate Vikram , Nanda Nivedita , Rajesh Nachiappa Ganesh , Murugesan Rajeswari , Raj Ruben , Shankar Gomathi
Published: April 2024

Purpose
Serological biomarkers have a predictive potential for gastric cancer (GC) and can be classified into three dimensions: stomach-specific biomarkers, GC-related environmental factors, and cancer-associated biomarkers. Inflammation impacts multiple serum markers, and relying on a single marker limits diagnostic accuracy. Combining multiple predictive markers improves GC detection. This study aimed to assess the association and combined diagnostic accuracy of a three-dimensional biomarkers panel in GC patients.
Methods
In this analytical cross-sectional study, patients were recruited into three groups: GC, precancerous conditions/lesions, and controls. The primary outcome was to assess the association and diagnostic accuracy of three-dimensional biomarkers in identifying GC and precancerous conditions/lesions. The panel constituted stomach-specific markers (Pepsinogen I, Pepsinogen II, Pepsinogen I & II ratio, Trefoil factor 3, Gastrin 17), GC-related environmental factors (Blood Group Antigen Binding Adhesin A, H. pylori IgG), and cancer-associated biomarkers (Carbohydrate Antigen 19.9, Carbohydrate Antigen 125 and Osteopontin).
Results
A total of 228 patients, 76 in each group, were enrolled. The combination of all three-dimensional biomarkers showed a high discriminatory ability for diagnosing GC with AUC of 0.938, sensitivity 94.7%, specificity 81.6% and precancerous conditions/lesions with AUC 0.951, sensitivity 93.4%, specificity 92.1%. Among the three-dimensional biomarkers, the combination of TFF3, H. pylori and CA125 demonstrated a high sensitivity in identifying GC, while the combination of PGI, H. pylori, and CA125 exhibited the highest sensitivity in identifying precancerous conditions/lesions.
Conclusion
These results emphasize that combined three-dimensional biomarkers showed good discrimination and could be used as a screening panel for diagnosing GC and precancerous conditions/lesions.
Application of Ordinal Logistic Regression on Stress from Menstruation among Early Adolescent Girls in Selected Primary Schools in Livingstonia Zone, Malawi
Authors: Mwanza Brave , Soko Margret , Mnyenyembe Ancy , Zgambo Donalia , Tobias Chitani
Published: April 2024

Background Adolescence in girls is a period which is associated with stressful events like menarche, considered as the central event of female puberty. How a girl learns about menstruation and the changes it brings about may have an impact on how she responds to the menarche event. There are fewer studies on the prevalence of menstruation issues and their relationship with psychological stress in the literature. The study aimed to investigate stress from menstruation among early adolescent girls in selected primary schools in Livingstonia Zone.
Methods The study used analytical cross-sectional survey design utilizing quantitative methods of data collection. Participating schools were selected purposively, and respondents were selected using an unbiased selection method of random draws by using random computer number generator. Data was analysed using software package IBM SPSS Statistics version 27 and presented in tables and graphs.
Results The study results have revealed that most (64%) of early adolescent girls in primary schools had experienced high stress from menstruation. Factors like school topography (p=0.042), signs of menstruation (p=0.008), distance from home to school (p=0.043) and worrying about being observed washing absorbent (p=0.03) were significantly associated with stress. Adolescent girls schooling in lowland primary schools of Manchewe(AOR: 0.205, 95% CI: 0.075-0.560, p=0.002) and Thunda (AOR: 0.298, 95% CI: 0.113-0.787, p=0.014) were less likely to experience higher stress levels compared to adolescents from highland primary school of Livingstonia. In addition, adolescents who were not worried about washing the absorbent (AOR: 0.168, 95% CI: 0.033-0.867, p=0.033) were less likely to have higher stress levels compared to adolescents who were worried about washing the absorbent. Experiencing nausea (AOR: 0.310, 95% CI: 0.103-0.929, p=0.036) and headache (AOR: 0.396, 95% CI: 0.156-1.008, p=0.052) during menstruation were associated with less likelihood of having higher stress levels compared to experiencing abdominal cramps.
Conclusion We found that most adolescent girls experience stress from menstruation. The study recommends support structures for adolescent menstrual hygiene management that could include conducive school environment and training about puberty and menstrual hygiene management and educating the adolescent girls regarding the symptoms, prevention and effective management of menstruation period.
Neurobehavioral disorders among children born to mothers exposed to illicit substances during pregnancy
Authors: Chen Vincent Chin-Hung , Lee Charles Tzu-Chi , Wu Shu-I , Gossop Michael
Published: April 2024

Background
Preventions may be schemed if pregnant mothers’ exposure status of substance use is associated with neurodevelopmental conditions. This study explores subsequent risks for intellectual disability, autistic disorders, and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders in children born to mothers exposed to illicit substances before or during pregnancy.
Method
We identified women with illicit drug use by linking the police records from the ‘Substance Abuse Control Databases’ and Taiwan Birth Registration and Birth Notification records from 2004 to 2014. Children born by mothers identified from the police records were the ‘substance-exposed cohort’. A 1:1 child’s gender, child’s birth year, mother’s birth year, and child’s first use of the health insurance card exact matched comparison cohort and another ‘propensity score (PS)- matched’ comparison cohort of children born by substance-unexposed mothers were established. Multivariate Cox regression analyses with competing risk models were performed.
Results
Higher incidences of intellectual disability (aHR = 2.41, 95% CI: 1.15 ~ 5.03) and ADHD (aHR = 2.35, 95% CI: 1.63 ~ 3.28) were found in children born by mothers exposed to illicit substances during pregnancy compared to exact- matched non-exposed cohorts. Adjusted risks of ADHD were significantly higher in mothers exposed to substances during pregnancy (aHR = 1.77(1.42 ~ 2.21) and before pregnancy (aHR = 1.43 (1.14 ~ 1.80) compared to PS-matched unexposed cohorts after adjusting for covariates.
Conclusions and Relevance
This is the first study that used large population-based data that revealed overall increased risks of intellectual disability and ADHD in children with prenatal exposures of illicit substances compared to those exact and propensity scores matched unexposed controls. The attenuation of such excessive hazards after adjusting for covariates of preterm birth, low birth weight, and fifth-minute APGAR score might reflect that enhanced antepartum screening and appropriate medical care may help prevent subsequent neurobehavioral disorders.
Use of Garment Waste Fabrics Making Ecofriendly, Lightweight & Low Cost Bricks.
Authors: Mahmud Sheikh Hayath
Published: April 2024

At the present condition of environmental hazards global warming is the most alarming one. Our brick fields contribute a lot in this serious condition by producing huge carbon emissions at the time of burning bricks. Also, huge amounts of garment waste are disposed every day in our country that also pollute our river and fill the river day by day specially around Dhaka region. In this study, an attempt was made to combine the two problems to find one fruitful solution. By using garment wastes to produce ecofriendly, light weight and economic brick. Ecofriendly bricks are prepared in the laboratory by using garment waste fabrics with cement and sand that can be replaced brick fields by green brick manufacturer industry. Several sets of bricks are prepared in laboratory and tested to assure the quality of bricks by comparing it to the conventional burnt clay bricks. Satisfactory results are found for compressive strength, hardness, water absorption and unit weight test. The capacity of ecofriendly bricks against compression is very satisfying. The compressive strength for traditional burnt clay brick is 2500 psi (according to ASTM) but this modified brick poses 5500 psi. Also, some parameters are checked for eco-friendliness. This type of brick industry is free from pollution because generation of heat energy due to burning of wood is not required here. The amount of waste fabrics in a modified brick is about 14% of its weight, so it can be said that, a large amount of waste fabrics are consumed. The weight of modified lightweight brick is 2.3 kg which is 1.2 kg less than our conventional burnt clay brick. Cost analysis for making 1 brick is done which is less than the present cost of burnt clay brick. It can be highly recommended in our construction sector.
MLL and KDM5A activity during cell cycle progression depend on Ras signalling
Authors: Patra Samir , Kirtana R. , Manna Soumen
Published: April 2024

Cell cycle progression is regulated by many extracellular stimuli and intracellular signaling. Interaction between different epigenetic modifiers and transcription factors regulate the expression of genes encoding proteins involved in cell cycle control. Along with the cyclin-CDK complexes and phosphatases, RAS- signaling play crucial role to direct the cell passage through different stages of cell cycle. In this scenario, chromatin configuration is important for the progression of cell division and chromatin modifications (DNA methylation and histone modifications) helps to attain correct chromatin folds. Here, in this study we analyzed how modulation of H3K4me3 by MLL1 and KDM5A affect cell cycle progression. As slow and fast cycling cell lines exhibited differences in mechanisms of regulation, from in-silico screening and experimental demonstration we deciphered that the expression of the MAPK effector, RAS is involved to controlling the expression and activity of KDM5A and MLL proteins to balance H3K4me3 oscillation throughout cell cycle.
Knowledge Comparison amongst Telehealth Service Utilized and Unutilized Adults in Bangladesh
Authors: Akter Masuda , Akter Shimpi , Hossain Md Ikbal , Akter Nahida , Akter Sopon , Koly Anar , Mahmud Sohel , Kabir Humayun , Hasan Md. Kamrul
Published: April 2024

Background: Telehealth is the remote delivery of health care using various communication tools. This study compared telehealth knowledge among adults who utilized and did not utilize telehealth services and explored factors associated with knowledge. The cross-sectional study includes 1252 participants. The outcome of the study was knowledge of telehealth. The predictors of the study were sociodemographic information and participants' perceived health status were also collected. Bivariate logistic regression models are used to analyze the adjusted relationship between outcome and variables.
Results: Age, marital status, educational level, student status, and perceived health status all significantly impacted telehealth knowledge among those who did not use the service. Among the utilized group, we found age, marital status, and perceived health status were significantly associated with good knowledge.
Conclusions: This study emphasizes the importance of continued initiatives to improve telehealth knowledge among both those who utilize the service and those who do not, considering variations in demographics and other factors.
GIS-based Spatial Autocorrelation Queen Contiguity Order-One Analysis on African Countries Renewable Energy Consumption and Production with Economic and Environmental Indices
Authors: Sek Siok Kun , Gwani Alhaji Abdullahi , Gwani Alhaji Abdullahi
Published: April 2024

The worldwide undertaking to achieve sustainable energy solutions has emphasized the need to comprehend the patterns of renewable energy consumption (REP), renew-able energy production (REC), and their socioeconomic and environmental variables. This work utilizes Geographic Information System (GIS) methodologies and spatial autocorrelation analysis, specifically Queen contiguity order 1 (Q1), to examine the spatial pattern of renewable energy consumption across African nations. The research seeks to reveal regional patterns, detect clusters of comparable renewable energy consumption behaviours, and assess the economic and environmental consequences linked to these patterns, REP, REC, economic indicators, and environmental indices such as African countries' gross domestic product (GDP) and carbon dioxide emissions (CO2) using 57 countries data from 1990 to 2020. The study measured these variables' similarities between neighbouring nations using the Q1 spatial autocorrelation methodology. The findings show concentrated areas with high and low REP, REC, and GDP, revealing regional patterns and inequities. The study also analyses trends to determine eco-nomic and environmental evolution as well as REP and REC patterns. Additional related variables, including ecological footprint (EF), economic complexity index (ECI), and global index (GI), were used in Moran’s I statistics analysis. These findings can help policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders establish strategies for sustainable energy, economic growth, and environmental protection across the continent. This multidisciplinary method uses GIS, spatial analysis, economics, and environmental elements to fully comprehend the complex relationships between the variables under investigation. Furthermore, the study recommends an econometric regression model approaches to evaluate the link between these variables, with the hope that this technique facilitates a more thorough comprehension of the influence of renewable energy use on the economic and environmental welfare of African nations.
Piloting locally made microsilos to monitor the silage fermentation quality of conserved forage in Rwanda
Authors: Mukamuhirwa Marie Louise , Hatungimana Eric , Latre Joos , Ntawubizi Martin
Published: April 2024

A good understanding of essential silage processes is key to success and large adoption by local farmers. This study aimed to test the use of a locally constructed micro silo mechanism with identified suitable forage species as an affordable quality check to evaluate the silage fermentation stages and effect on silage nutrient composition in the semiarid eastern part of Rwanda. Forage samples were filled in duplicate, considering 2 blocks (stations), resulting in 4 silage treatments * 3 repetitions, for a total of 24 microsilos. The treatments included the following steps: 1) two mono-grass (Brachiaria Mulato/Panicum coloratum) treatments and two grass*legume mixtures (Brachiaria Mulato*Desmodium distortum; Panicum coloratum* Desmodium distortum). Silage fermentation was monitored for 6 weeks, and the following quality parameters were measured: dry matter (DM, %), pH, ammonia-nitrogen and crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF). Quantitative data were statistically analyzed with 95% CIs. The results indicated a consistent decrease in DM (%) due to fermentation losses. At silage maturity (D48), the average ammonia content [NH4+ -N (%)], CP and NDF were 0.08 ± 0.05%, 10.02 ± 2.61%, 62.92 ± 7.82 and 37.72 ± 5.78, respectively. As suggested in the results, silages made of 100% grasses had relatively higher NDF, ADF, pH, and DM levels, suggesting that the mixture of grasses and legumes had better fermentation characteristics than did the mono-grass silages. The use of microsilos for monitoring silage fermentation showed high consistency, yielding replicable quality-fermentation parameters.
A Comparative Study of Indigenous Woody Species Diversity and Regeneration Status Among Plantations of Three Exotic Tree Species and Natural Forest, in Gomma District, South-western Ethiopia
Authors: Ayana Geleta Kenea
Published: April 2024

Diversity, density and species composition of naturally regenerated indigenous woody species under three selected exotic tree plantations (Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Grevillea robusta and Cupressus lusitanica) and the adjacent natural forests were investigated in Gomma district. The objective of this study was to verify the hypothesis that the diversity and regeneration status of indigenous woody species differ among plantations of the three exotic tree species and the adjacent natural forest patches. Three sites (kebeles) were purposively selected from three altitudinal ranges (agroecological zones). Four quadrats of size 10 m × 10 m were established for each of stand at all sites, and generally 48 quadrats were laid down along transect line with 50m interval between plots. Within each main plot, five 1m x 1m subplots were also laid. All matured trees/shrubs of indigenous woody species were identified, measured and counted from each main plot, while saplings and seedlings were collected from subplots. A total of 49 woody plant species belonging to 41 genera and 27 families were identified from all plantations and natural forest stands. The highest number of species was recorded for natural forest patches followed by Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Grevillea robusta and Cupressus lusitanica plantation stands. Similarly, highest density was recorded for the Eucalyptus camaldulensis among plantation stands. The Eucalyptus camaldulensis stands showed the highest Shannon diversity (H’ = 2.67) and Cupressus lusitanica showed the least (H’ = 2.05) among plantation stands. Almost the population structure of all stands in the present study showed an inverse J-shape. This implies that the population is composed of numerous individuals at the seedling stage, and decreases continuously or gradually as height increases, and hence indicates healthy regeneration. The study revealed that regeneration and diversity of indigenous woody species were significantly different under the canopies of exotic plantations. E. camaldulensis and G. robusta plantation stands showed higher density and diversity than C. lusitanica stands, but for successful regeneration, there should be seeds sources and seed dispersal agents (e.g., animals) and knowledge of biodiversity management.
Ein neuer Blick auf Open Access: Wissenschaftliches Publizieren aus Sicht des öffentlichen Beschaffungsrechts
Authors: Früh Alfred , Koch Rika
Published: April 2024

Wissenschaftliches Publizieren folgt oft starren Regeln, was ganz besonders für die Rechtswissenschaften gilt. Das traditionelle Geschäftsmodell, in welches Forschende, Verlage und Universitätsbibliotheken eingebunden sind, kommt aber immer mehr durch die Open-Access-Bewegung unter Druck. Deren Vertreter:innen kritisieren, im traditionellen Modell blieben wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse der Allgemeinheit vorenthalten. Zudem komme es zu einer ineffizienten Verwendung öffentlicher Mittel. Das öffentliche Beschaffungswesen - welches im Open-Access-Diskurs bisher praktisch keine Rolle gespielt hat - erlaubt einen neuen Blick auf das wissenschaftliche Publizieren. Tatsächlich verlangen gleich mehrere Aspekte des im Beschaffungsrecht wesentlichen Nachhaltigkeitskriteriums eine kritischere Auseinandersetzung mit dem traditionellen Publikationsmodell oder stützen sogar eine Verpflichtung zum Publizieren in Open-Access-Form.
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De manière générale, la publication scientifique et, particulièrement, la littérature juridique sont soumises à des règles strictes. L'avènement de l'Open Access a bouleversé le modèle économique dans lequel évoluent les chercheurs, les éditeurs et les bibliothèques universitaires. Ce modèle traditionnel fait l'objet de deux types de critiques. D'une part, il priverait le grand public de l'accès à la connaissance scientifique; d'autre part, les fonds publics ne seraient pas utilisés efficacement. Les marchés publics - absents jusqu'à présent des débats sur l'Open Access - nous permettent aujourd'hui de jeter un regard novateur sur la question. En effet, plusieurs aspects du critère de durabilité, essentiel dans le droit des marchés publics, appellent un examen critique du modèle commercial traditionnel, et soutiendraient même l'obligation de publier la littérature scientifique et juridique en Open Access.
IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DE MONITORAMENTO DE REDE DE DADOS COM ZABBIX E GRAFANA
Authors: Silva Wagner José da , Assunção da Silva Roger
Published: April 2024

O Zabbix é uma ferramenta de monitoramento de redes de dados, com ela é possível monitorar diversos dispositivos dentro da rede. Monitorar a rede de dados é essencial para qualquer empresa, independentemente de seu porte ou ramo de atuação, para garantir a segurança das informações e a continuidade de suas operações. Com o Zabbix podemos monitorar praticamente qualquer ativo que esteja conectado à rede de dados, sejam equipamentos ou serviços, e a partir desse monitoramento saber se o ativo está ligado, operacional e se apresenta algum comportamento que sugira problemas em seu funcionamento. De posse das informações é possível configurar a ferramenta de monitoramento para que execute alguma ação pré-definida, como emitir um alerta ao gerente de redes ou executar algum comando remotamente e assim ter ações preventivas e corretivas mais assertivas. Os sistemas de monitoramento permitem também que os dados coletados sejam configurados e exibidos em dashboards para acompanhamento em tempo real, seja por meio do próprio Zabbix ou de aplicações específicas para a criação de visualizações gráficas como o Grafana.
Molecular Mechanisms and Roles of MiR-136-5p in Human Cancer and Other Disorders
Authors: Chen Xiaoling , Lu Ting , Zheng Ying , Lin Zhiyong , Liu Chaoqi , Yuan Ding , Yuan Chengfu
Published: April 2024

Background:

MiR-136-5p plays a vital function in regulating developmental
processes as well as in the pathophysiology of diseases, with a notable record in tumor
suppression.

Methods:

This article summarizes the latest findings on the physiological and pathophysiological
processes of miR-136-5p in diseases. We searched for relevant studies and selected
research articles from the last five years on PubMed with miR-136-5p as the keyword.

Results:

MiR-136-5p represents a class of microRNAs (miRNAs) that are involved in
various human maladies, encompassing cancers, cardio-cerebrovascular disease, diabetes,
inflammatory disease, tuberous sclerosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and polycystic
ovary syndrome. Altered expression of miR-136-5p in specific ailments results in
downstream gene expression imbalance, influencing cellular behaviors, such as migration,
proliferation, and invasion. Furthermore, miR-136-5p is implicated in five signaling
pathways, where it is critical in the onset and advancement of a number of illnesses.
Additionally, it has the potential to promote drug resistance to a variety of medications.

Conclusion:

The current review aims to elucidate the role of miR-136-5p in both cancer
progression and non-cancerous disorders, emphasizing dysregulated signaling pathways.
It also sheds light on the potential of this miRNA as a prognostic biomarker in cancer, offering
valuable insights and directions for future research.
Polymeric Molecular Envelope Technology for Improved
Therapeutics Efficacy: A Review
Authors: Vyas Jigar , Raytthatha Nensi , Prajapati Bhupendra G. , Singh Sudarshan
Published: April 2024

The review explores the enhancement of therapeutic efficacy through the innovative use of polymeric molecular envelope technology (MET). It delves into the diverse methods employed to achieve superior therapeutic outcomes, shedding light on
strategies for improving drug delivery and bioavailability. MET is a promising approach
to improve the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. This technology involves the use of a molecular envelope of cyclic oligosaccharides called cyclodextrins, which is a supramolecular assembly of amphiphilic molecules that encapsulate and
solubilize hydrophobic drug molecules. This can further improve the solubility of the
drug by increasing its surface area and reducing its crystallinity. Moreover, MET also
protects the drug from degradation and enhances its permeability across biological membranes. Furthermore, the review thoroughly examines the MET, including its methods of
preparation, applications in drug encapsulation, and the evaluation of its potential to optimize therapeutic outcomes. By adopting current research and key findings, this review
provides valuable insights into the transformative potential of polymeric molecular envelope technology for advancing the field of therapeutics.
An Enhanced Computational Approach Using Multi-kernel Positive
Unlabeled Learning for Predicting Drug-target Interactions
Authors: Keyvanpour Mohammad Reza , Mehrmolaei Soheila , Haddadi Faraneh
Published: April 2024

Background::

In recent years, analyzing complex biological networks to predict future
links in such networks has attracted the attention of many medical and computer science
researchers. The discovery of new drugs is one of the application cases for predicting future
connections in biological networks. The operation of drug-target interactions prediction (DTIP)
can be considered a fundamental step in identifying potential interactions between drug and target
to identify new drugs.

Objective::

The previous studies reveal that predictions are made based on known interactions
using computational methods to solve the cost problem and avoid blind study of all interactions.
But, there seem to be challenges such as the lack of confirmed negative samples and the low
accuracy in some computational methods. Thus, we have proposed an efficient and hybrid approach
called MKPUL-BLM to manage some of the aforementioned challenges for predicting
drug-target interactions.

Methods::

The MKPUL-BLM combins multi-kernel and positive unlabeled learning (PUL) approaches.
Our method uses more information to increase accuracy, in addition to minimizing
small similarities using network information. Also, potential negative samples are produced using
a PUL approach because of lacking negative laboratory samples. Finally, labels are expanded
via a semi-supervised.

Results::

Our method improved to 0.98 and 0.94 in the old interactions set for the ROCAUC and
AUPR criteria, respectively. Also, this method enhanced ROCAUC and AUPR criteria by 0.89
and 0.77 for the new interactions set.

Conclusion::

The MKPUL-BLM can be considered an efficient alternative to achieve more reliable
predictions in the field of DTIP.
Atrial Septal Abnormalities and Cryptogenic Stroke: A Cross-Sectional
Study
Authors: Aliramezany Marzieh , Moazenzadeh Mansoor , Sayyadi Amin , Mohammadi Khadijeh , Barzegar Hamidreza , Aliramezany Maryam
Published: April 2024

Background:

Cryptogenic stroke, whose underlying pathology is unknown, accounts
for 30-40% of all ischemic strokes. Studies have mentioned the association between atrial septal
abnormalities and cryptogenic stroke, but there are still disparities in the results among different
studies.

Objective:

We aimed to clarify the prevalence of atrial septal abnormalities in patients with cryptogenic
stroke.

Methods:

We conducted a cross-sectional study on 91 patients with cryptogenic stroke/transient ischemic
attack from March 2021 to March 2022. We evaluated the demographic data of the patients
and also the existence of neurologic attacks. Furthermore, echocardiography was performed
to determine the type of atrial septal abnormality.

Results:

Out of 91 patients with cryptogenic stroke/transient ischemic attack, 16 patients (17.5%)
had patent foramen ovale, 1 man (1.1%) had atrial septal aneurysm, and 1 woman (1.1%) had an
atrial septal defect. Patients with patent foramen ovale were significantly younger than those without.
The size of patent foramen ovale in patients with cryptogenic stroke was larger than those
with transient ischemic attack, but this difference was not significant. Also, the size of the patent
foramen ovale (length and width) was not significantly related to any of the demographic variables
(p-value = 0.544, 0.604).).

Conclusion:

Based on our results, the prevalence of atrial septal abnormalities was relatively
high. Considering these issues and the importance of preventing neurological accidents in patients,
especially young people, it is recommended to always consider atrial septal disorders and,
if diagnosed, to carry out the necessary treatment in this field.
Men's Experiences Facing Nurses Stereotyping in Saudi Arabia: A Phenomenological Study
Authors: Salvador Jordan Tovera , Mohammed Alanazi Basim Muzil
Published: April 2024

Background

Stereotypes about the nursing profession include low ability, low compensation, minimal educational requirements, little autonomy, and a preponderance of women in the field. Contrary to popular opinion, nursing is typically a female-dominated career, and there has been an increase in the number of male registered nurses in the past few years.

Aim

The primary aim of this qualitative investigation is to delve into the experiences and realities faced by male, registered nurses (RNs) in Saudi Arabia and their role in nation-building through Saudi Vision 2030– a national initiative to improve the lives of every citizen based on the pillars: a vibrant society, a thriving economy, and an ambitious nation.

Methods

The study applied qualitative descriptive phenomenology. Twenty-three male RNs were selected through purposive sampling from a total of five hospitals (three government and two private). Semi-structured interviews were used to collect the data. Data was analyzed utilizing Colaizzi's descriptive phenomenological method, and the COREQ checklist was utilized to report qualitative results.

Results

The primary themes were the following: (1) “The stigma of men in nursing” contributes to the idea that men who work in a profession that is primarily dominated by women have a lot of deeply embedded challenges; (2) “The Murses: male nurses rising above the challenges” shows how male RNs deal with specific issues they face while caring for patients in a range of settings, and (3) “The future of male nursing in Saudi Arabia” discusses how male RNs may help the nursing profession grow and develop.

Conclusion

Male RNs experienced both positive and negative professional impressions from people inside and outside the healthcare facilities. In some cases, male RNs faced workplace violence and discrimination. Nonetheless, it was evident that male RNs strove harder to “belong” and to earn respect from the people of Saudi Arabia.
Radiopharmaceuticals Adverse Events Management
Authors: Martínez Ana Agudo , Hernandez Gertrudis Sabatel , Mora Manuela Molina , de la Riva Perez Pablo Antonio , Lopez Rosa Fernandez , Molina Teresa Cambil , Moron Cinta Calvo
Published: April 2024

Background and Purpose:

Radiopharmaceuticals are radioactive compounds used
for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes which are most often administered intravenously. Adverse
events that may induce both adverse reactions and drug-to-drug interactions with changes
in expected biodistribution, potentially affecting patient safety and diagnostic accuracy. Adverse
reactions are relatively rare due to the small doses and under-reporting is the norm. The aim of
this study is to increase awareness of the need to report in order to create protocols for the management
of such adverse events among professionals in a Nuclear Medicine Department.

Methods:

A reporting system was established a decade ago through an electronic form to enhance
adverse event registration. The radiopharmacist collects data for further communication
with National Health authorities and develops an annual report with recommendations on the
management of these adverse events.

Results:

A total of 128 reports were collected, including 65 cases of extravasations, 18 adverse
reactions, and 45 drug interactions. Over the years, reporting has been increasing, adverse reactions
occurred at a higher incidence than reported in the literature, and each anomalous biodistribution
was analysed for possible drug interaction. The annual reports have been used to develop
a local guideline for the management of adverse reactions and recommendations for discontinuation
of treatment to avoid interactions with radiopharmaceuticals.

Conclusion:

The recognition of adverse events associated with radiopharmaceuticals is increasing,
underlining the need for vigilant reporting and improved management strategies. An efficient
reporting system promotes awareness of possible interactions between radiopharmaceuticals
and other medicines and their potential adverse reactions to enhance patient safety.
Assessment of the Prevalence and Determinants of Vaccine Hesitancy in Pakistan
Authors: Ahmad Zeeshan , Wasif Samia , Bailey Emily S. , Malik Muhammad Wasif , Ranjha Muazam Abbas , Baig Mirza Zeeshan Iqbal , Hussain Fawad , Ali Tariq Mahmood , Ahmed Haroon
Published: April 2024

Background

Global efforts were critical in controlling the COVID-19 pandemic, and the World Health Organization declared it no longer a public health emergency of international concern in May 2023. Pakistan faced six waves and used every available resource to combat the pandemic. Public knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) are key to the success of preventative interventions.

Objective

The goal of this study was to examine KAP through an online study of the general population and to evaluate the prevalence and determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Pakistan.

Methods

Between October and December 2021, a survey of the public was undertaken in several areas across Pakistan. A questionnaire was designed with questions focused on participant`s KAP, and statistical analyses were conducted to observe the normality of the data, knowledge, attitude and practice scores and the correlation between knowledge and attitude.

Results

Out of 688 participants surveyed, 98% expressing a preference for the vaccine over contracting the disease-causing SARS-CoV-2 virus. Overall, the study respondents had a positive attitude (95%) towards preventive measures to protect against pandemic-related issues and had more interest in the vaccine if it were provided free of cost and if the vaccine could be provided at their homes (74%). For participants in this study, knowledge and attitude remained dependent and positively correlated (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

This study identified limitations in public health communication techniques used to promote the COVID-19 vaccine that prevented widespread uptake of prevention measures. Additionally, this study revealed that age, education, and gender were statistically significant determinants for vaccine hesitancy (practices) and should likely be considered while making policies for health promotion programs.