bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Water Extractable Arabinoxylan Aerogels Prepared by Supercritical CO2 Drying
Authors: Marquez-Escalante Jorge , Carvajal-Millan Elizabeth , Miki-Yoshida Mario , Alvarez-Contreras Lorena , Toledo-Guillén Alma , Lizardi-Mendoza Jaime , Rascón-Chu Agustín
Published: May 2013

Water extractable arabinoxylan (WEAX) aerogels were prepared by extracting the solvent from the alcogels (WEAX hydrogels with an alcohol as the solvent) with carbon dioxide under supercritical conditions. WEAX aerogels were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and adsorption and desorption nitrogen isotherms. The micrographs indicate a heterogeneous porous network structure in WEAX aerogel. Adsorption/desorption nitrogen isotherms of this material were type IV, which confirm that this material possess a mesoporous structure. WEAX aerogels rehydration capability was evaluated and the water absorption mechanism was determined. The WEAX aerogels water absorption mechanism was non-Fickian (n = 0.54).
Evolution of Biologics Screening Technologies
Authors: Cariuk Peter , Gardener Matthew , Vaughan Tristan
Published: May 2013

Screening for biologics, in particular antibody drugs, has evolved significantly over the last 20 years. Initially, the screening processes and technologies from many years experience with small molecules were adopted and modified to suit the needs of biologics discovery. Since then, antibody drug discovery has matured significantly and is today investing earlier in new technologies that commercial suppliers are now developing specifically to meet the growing needs of large molecule screening. Here, we review the evolution of screening and automation technologies employed in antibody discovery and highlight the benefits that these changes have brought.
Modeling Stand Height, Volume, and Biomass from Very High Spatial Resolution Satellite Imagery and Samples of Airborne LiDAR
Authors: Mora Brice , Wulder Michael , White Joanne , Hobart Geordie
Published: May 2013

Plot-based sampling with ground measurements or photography is typically used to establish and maintain National Forest Inventories (NFI). The re-measurement phase of the Canadian NFI is an opportunity to develop novel methods for the estimation of forest attributes such as stand height, crown closure, volume, and aboveground biomass (AGB) from satellite, rather than, airborne imagery. Based on panchromatic Very High Spatial Resolution (VHSR) images and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data acquired in the Yukon Territory, Canada, we propose an approach for boreal forest stand attribute characterization. Stand and tree objects are delineated, followed by modeling of stand height, volume, and AGB using metrics derived from the stand and tree crown objects. The calibration and validation of the models are based on co-located LiDAR-derived estimates. A k-nearest neighbor approach provided the best accuracy for stand height estimation (R2 = 0.76, RMSE = 1.95 m). Linear regression models were the most efficient for estimating stand volume (R2 = 0.94, RMSE = 9.6 m3/ha) and AGB (R2 = 0.92, RMSE = 22.2 t/ha). This study was implemented for one Canadian ecozone and demonstrated the capacity of a methodology to produce forest inventory attributes with acceptable accuracies offering potential to be applied to other boreal regions.
Quantifying Dynamics in Tropical Peat Swamp Forest Biomass with Multi-Temporal LiDAR Datasets
Authors: Englhart Sandra , Jubanski Juilson , Siegert Florian
Published: May 2013

Tropical peat swamp forests in Indonesia store huge amounts of carbon and are responsible for enormous carbon emissions every year due to forest degradation and deforestation. These forest areas are in the focus of REDD+ (reducing emissions from deforestation, forest degradation, and the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks) projects, which require an accurate monitoring of their carbon stocks or aboveground biomass (AGB). Our study objective was to evaluate multi-temporal LiDAR measurements of a tropical forested peatland area in Central Kalimantan on Borneo. Canopy height and AGB dynamics were quantified with a special focus on unaffected, selective logged and burned forests. More than 11,000 ha were surveyed with airborne LiDAR in 2007 and 2011. In a first step, the comparability of these datasets was examined and canopy height models were created. Novel AGB regression models were developed on the basis of field inventory measurements and LiDAR derived height histograms for 2007 (r2 = 0.77, n = 79) and 2011 (r2 = 0.81, n = 53), taking the different point densities into account. Changes in peat swamp forests were identified by analyzing multispectral imagery. Unaffected forests accumulated on average 20 t/ha AGB with a canopy height increase of 2.3 m over the four year time period. Selective logged forests experienced an average AGB loss of 55 t/ha within 30 m and 42 t/ha within 50 m of detected logging trails, although the mean canopy height increased by 0.5 m and 1.0 m, respectively. Burned forests lost 92% of the initial biomass. These results demonstrate the great potential of repetitive airborne LiDAR surveys to precisely quantify even small scale AGB and canopy height dynamics in remote tropical forests, thereby featuring the needs of REDD+.
Analysis of the Accuracy and Robustness of the Leap Motion Controller
Authors: Weichert Frank , Bachmann Daniel , Rudak Bartholomäus , Fisseler Denis
Published: May 2013

The Leap Motion Controller is a new device for hand gesture controlled user interfaces with declared sub-millimeter accuracy. However, up to this point its capabilities in real environments have not been analyzed. Therefore, this paper presents a first study of a Leap Motion Controller. The main focus of attention is on the evaluation of the accuracy and repeatability. For an appropriate evaluation, a novel experimental setup was developed making use of an industrial robot with a reference pen allowing a position accuracy of 0.2 mm. Thereby, a deviation between a desired 3D position and the average measured positions below 0.2mmhas been obtained for static setups and of 1.2mmfor dynamic setups. Using the conclusion of this analysis can improve the development of applications for the Leap Motion controller in the field of Human-Computer Interaction.
Performance of a Cyanobacteria Whole Cell-Based Fluorescence Biosensor for Heavy Metal and Pesticide Detection
Authors: Wong Ling Shing , Lee Yook Heng , Surif Salmijah
Published: May 2013

Whole cell biosensors always face the challenge of low stability of biological components and short storage life. This paper reports the effects of poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (pHEMA) immobilization on a whole cell fluorescence biosensor for the detection of heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Cd), and pesticides (dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and chlorpyrifos). The biosensor was produced by entrapping the cyanobacterium Anabaena torulosa on a cellulose membrane, followed by applying a layer of pHEMA, and attaching it to a well. The well was then fixed to an optical probe which was connected to a fluorescence spectrophotometer and an electronic reader. The optimization of the biosensor using several factors such as amount of HEMA and drying temperature were undertaken. The detection limits of biosensor without pHEMA for Cu, Cd, Pb, 2,4-D and chlorpyrifos were 1.195, 0.027, 0.0100, 0.025 and 0.025 µg/L respectively. The presence of pHEMA increased the limits of detection to 1.410, 0.250, 0.500, 0.235 and 0.117 µg/L respectively. pHEMA is known to enhance the reproducibility of the biosensor with average relative standard deviation (RSD) of ±1.76% for all the pollutants tested, 48% better than the biosensor without pHEMA (RSD = ±3.73%). In storability test with Cu 5 µg/L, the biosensor with pHEMA performed 11.5% better than the test without pHEMA on day-10 and 5.2% better on day-25. pHEMA is therefore a good candidate to be used in whole cell biosensors as it increases reproducibility and enhances biosensor storability.
Coping with Climate Change among Adolescents: Implications for Subjective Well-Being and Environmental Engagement
Authors: Ojala Maria
Published: May 2013

The objective of this questionnaire study was to investigate how Swedish adolescents (n = 321) cope with climate change and how different coping strategies are associated with environmental efficacy, pro-environmental behavior, and subjective well-being. The results were compared to an earlier study on 12-year-olds, and the same coping strategies, problem-focused coping, de-emphasizing the seriousness of the threat, and meaning-focused coping, were identified. As in the study on children, problem-focused and meaning-focused coping were positively related to felt efficacy and environmental behavior, while de-emphasizing the threat was negatively related to these measures. As expected, the more problem-focused coping the adolescents used, the more likely it was that they experienced negative affect in everyday life. This association was explained by the tendency for highly problem-focused adolescents to worry more about climate change. In contrast, meaning-focused coping was positively related to both well-being and optimism. When controlling for well-known predictors such as values and gender, meaning-focused and problem-focused coping were independent positive predictors of environmental efficacy and pro-environmental behavior, while de-emphasizing the threat was a negative predictor of pro-environmental behavior. The results are discussed in relation to coping theories and earlier studies on coping with climate change.
¨ A Dilemma of Abundance: Governance Challenges of Reconciling Shale Gas Development and Climate Change Mitigation
Authors: Stephenson Eleanor , Shaw Karena
Published: May 2013

Shale gas proponents argue this unconventional fossil fuel offers a “bridge” towards a cleaner energy system by offsetting higher-carbon fuels such as coal. The technical feasibility of reconciling shale gas development with climate action remains contested. However, we here argue that governance challenges are both more pressing and more profound. Reconciling shale gas and climate action requires institutions capable of responding effectively to uncertainty; intervening to mandate emissions reductions and internalize costs to industry; and managing the energy system strategically towards a lower carbon future. Such policy measures prove challenging, particularly in jurisdictions that stand to benefit economically from unconventional fuels. We illustrate this dilemma through a case study of shale gas development in British Columbia, Canada, a global leader on climate policy that is nonetheless struggling to manage gas development for mitigation. The BC case is indicative of the constraints jurisdictions face both to reconcile gas development and climate action, and to manage the industry adequately to achieve social licence and minimize resistance. More broadly, the case attests to the magnitude of change required to transform our energy systems to mitigate climate change.
Biochemical and Functional Interactions of Human Papillomavirus Proteins with Polycomb Group Proteins
Authors: McLaughlin-Drubin Margaret , Munger Karl
Published: May 2013

The role of enzymes involved in polycomb repression of gene transcription has been studied extensively in human cancer. Polycomb repressive complexes mediate oncogene-induced senescence, a principal innate cell-intrinsic tumor suppressor pathway that thwarts expansion of cells that have suffered oncogenic hits. Infections with human cancer viruses including human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and Epstein-Barr virus can trigger oncogene-induced senescence, and the viruses have evolved strategies to abrogate this response in order to establish an infection and reprogram their host cells to establish a long-term persistent infection. As a consequence of inhibiting polycomb repression and evading oncogene induced-senescence, HPV infected cells have an altered epigenetic program as evidenced by aberrant homeobox gene expression. Similar alterations are frequently observed in non-virus associated human cancers and may be harnessed for diagnosis and therapy.
Un accident de transfert
Authors: Mesclier Michel
Published: May 2013

Résumé Est-il possible qu’un cas de clinique contredise la théorie psychanalytique ? Cette question suppose que la psychanalyse entre dans la catégorie des disciplines poppériennes, soit qu’elle puisse être réfutable. Nous démontrons dans cet article qu’un tel critère ne peut pas être pertinent. Cependant, le cas d’une enfant épileptique et psychotique met en défaut la théorie du transfert fondé sur l’analyste en place de semblant. Un évènement réel provoqué dans le corps du praticien par un acting-in du sujet conteste énigmatiquement cette thèse.
La république de Joyce
Authors: Menéndez Ramón
Published: May 2013

Résumé Dans la communauté analytique, la fonction du symptôme dans la construction du lien social a été largement travaillée. Le thème central de l’article cherche à ouvrir la réflexion autour de l’apport fait par Lacan dans la dernière partie de son enseignement en ce qui concerne la fonction du sinthome dans la logique collective. Après un bref parcours historique, nous abordons la dimension du réel qu’introduit la solution joycienne, son sinthome, et les effets que celle-ci peut avoir dans la construction du collectif. C’est un exemple parmi d’autres de ce que Lacan appelle la république et qu’un jour il voudrait voir surgir dans la communauté analytique.
Un temps si humain
Authors: Casanova Charles
Published: May 2013

Résumé En sciences humaines, depuis l’Antiquité, le « temps » est questionné : substance ou relation ? « Cours du temps », « flèche du temps », est-ce pareil? Le « temps », signe de notre présence au monde ? En sciences physiques, la notion de temps évolue : l’espace et le temps sont absolus avec Newton ; relatifs avec Einstein et la géométrie de l’espace-temps ; avec la mécanique quantique consacrée à l’étude du « monde » subatomique, la variable temps devient non nécessaire et dans l’étude de systèmes macroscopiques constitués d’un nombre immense d’éléments subatomiques, naît l’hypothèse de l’émergence d’un « temps thermique », ceci en liaison avec l’irréversibilité des phénomènes naturels. On retrouve, là, l’humain : « phénomène » vivant et conscient de son irréversibilité !
Comparison of Cemented and Uncemented Fixation in Total Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Brown Thomas E. , Harper Benjamin L. , Bjorgul Kristian
Published: May 2013

Educational Objectives

As a result of reading this article, physicians should be able to:

1.

Understand the rationale behind using uncemented fixation in total knee arthroplasty.

2.

Discuss the current literature comparing cemented and uncemented total knee arthroplasty

3.

Describe the value of radiostereographic analysis in assessing implant stability.

4.

Appreciate the limitations in the available literature advocating 1 mode of fixation in total knee arthroplasty.

Total knee arthroplasty performed worldwide uses either cemented, cementless, or hybrid (cementless femur with a cemented tibia) fixation of the components. No recent literature review concerning the outcomes of cemented vs noncemented components has been performed. Noncemented components offer the potential advantage of a biologic interface between the bone and implants, which could demonstrate the greatest advantage in long-term durable fixation in the follow-up of young patients undergoing arthroplasty. Several advances have been made in the backing of the tibial components that have not been available long enough to yield long-term comparative follow-up studies. Short-term radiostereographic analysis studies have yielded differing results. Although long-term, high-quality studies are still needed, material advances in biologic fixation surfaces, such as trabecular metal and hydroxyapatite, may offer promising results for young and active patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty when compared with traditional cemented options.
Guided Growth for the Treatment of Moderate Leg-length Discrepancy
Authors: Pendleton Albert Martin , Stevens Peter Morris , Hung Man
Published: May 2013

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and complication rate of guided growth for the treatment of patients with a moderate leg-length discrepancy. The authors retrospectively reviewed all patients treated with guided growth for a moderate leg-length discrepancy at their institution between October 2004 and December 2010. Thirty-four patients met the inclusion criteria from an initial cohort of 105 patients. All patients were followed until screw removal or maturity occurred. Nine patients had a developmental leg-length discrepancy, and 25 had a congenital leg-length discrepancy. Average age was 12.6 years (range, 7–16 years). Average leg-length discrepancies, as measured on standing long-leg radiographs from the top of the pelvis, the top of the femoral heads, and the center of the ankle to the top of the femoral heads, were 22, 19, and 17 mm, respectively. Average discrepancies at screw removal or maturity were 13, 10, and 11 mm, respectively. Twenty of 33 patients had a leg-length discrepancy of less than 1 cm at maturity or screw removal. The leg-length discrepancy change in patients who underwent guided growth of the tibia was minimal. Leg-length discrepancies in patients who underwent guided growth of the femur or both the femur and the tibia changed by an average of 10 mm. One patient had a mechanical axis change greater than 1 zone, and 1 patient required treatment for angular deformity after being treated for a leg-length discrepancy. Guided growth is a safe and effective technique for treating moderate leg-length discrepancies.
Outcomes of Arthroscopic Bankart Repair in Collision Versus Noncollision Athletes
Authors: Petrera Massimo , Dwyer Tim , Tsuji Matthew R. S. , Theodoropoulos John S.
Published: May 2013

The purpose of the study was to compare the recurrence rate of arthroscopic Bankart repair with suture anchors in collision vs noncollision athletes. Sixty-four patients who underwent arthroscopic shoulder stabilization using suture anchors for recurrent anterior dislocation were identified. Forty-three patients (22 collision and 21 noncollision) were evaluated at a minimum 24-month follow-up. The recurrence rate was reported, and functional outcomes (American Shoulder and Elbow Society, Western Ontario Shoulder Index, and Short Form 12) were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square test and Student’s
t
test with a 95% confidence interval and a significance level set at a
P
value less than .05. The overall dislocation recurrence rate was 4.6% (2 of 43 patients); the dislocation recurrence rate in collision athletes was 9% (2 of 22 patients), and no redislocations occurred in noncollision athletes. No statistical differences existed in Western Ontario Shoulder Index score (73.5% in collision and 73.4% in noncollision athletes;
P
=.831), American Shoulder and Elbow Society score (91.2 in collision and 80.7 in noncollision athletes;
P
=.228), and Short Form 12 score (108.5 in collision and 101.2 in noncollision athletes;
P
=.083). Average external rotation loss was 6.8° in collision and 5.5° in noncollision athletes (
P
=.864). Ninety percent of collision athletes vs 95% of noncollision athletes were satisfied. Seventy-three percent of collision and 81% of noncollision athletes were able to return to sport at their preinjury levels. Collision athletes had higher recurrence rates after arthroscopic shoulder stabilization compared with noncollision athletes, but no statistical difference was found. Functional outcomes according to American Shoulder and Elbow Society, Western Ontario Shoulder Index, and Short Form 12 were similar.
Computer-assisted Versus Manual TKA: No Difference in Clinical or Functional Outcomes at 5-year Follow-up
Authors: Yaffe Mark , Chan Philip , Goyal Nitin , Luo Michael , Cayo Max , Stulberg S. David
Published: May 2013

The purpose of this study was to determine whether differences in clinical, functional, or radiographic outcomes existed at 5-year follow-up between patients who underwent computer-assisted or manual total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Seventy-eight consecutive TKAs were performed by a single surgeon who had extensive experience performing computer-assisted and manual TKA. The manual group (n=40) and computer-assisted group (n=38) were similar with regard to age, sex, diagnosis, body mass index, surgical technique, implants, perioperative management, Knee Society scores, and anteroposterior mechanical axis. Sixty-three (manual group, n=34; computer-assisted group, n=29) patients were available for final follow-up. At 5-year follow-up, no statistically significant differences were found in Knee Society knee score (
P
=.289), function score (
P
=.272), range of motion (
P
=.284), pain score (
P
=.432), or UCLA activity score (
P
=.109) between the 2 groups. Postoperative radiographs showed a significant difference in the mechanical axis (
P
=.004) between the 2 groups; however, both groups achieved a neutral mechanical axis of ±3° (computer-assisted group mean, 2.0°; manual group mean, −0.24°).

When TKA was performed by an experienced surgeon, no significant difference was identified at 5-year follow-up between patients who underwent computer-assisted vs manual TKA.
Minimum 5-year Follow-up for Primary THA Using a Tapered, Proximally Coated Cementless Stem
Authors: Kolisek Frank R. , Issa Kimona , Harwin Steven F. , Jaggard Charles , Naziri Qais , Mont Michael A.
Published: May 2013

The purpose of this study was to assess the survivorship of a proximally coated, cementless femoral stem used for total hip arthroplasty at a minimum 5-year follow-up by assessing clinical outcomes and implant survival. A total of 936 primary total hip arthroplasties were performed in 854 patients by 3 high-volume surgeons between 2001 and 2007. Patients included 385 men and 469 women with a mean age of 56 years (range, 20–88 years) and a mean follow-up of 7 years (range, 5–11 years). The aseptic revision rate related to the femoral component was 0.3%. Three patients underwent revision of the femoral component. Mean postoperative Harris Hip Score improved to 91 points (range, 70–100 points). When stratified by primary cause of total hip arthroplasty, no differences were found in implant survivorship or postoperative Harris Hip Scores. With the exception of the 3 patients who underwent revision surgery, postoperative radiographic evaluation of the stems demonstrated no progressive radiolucencies, component malalignment, change in component position, or implant subsidence at most recent follow-up.

These results are encouraging and indicate a 0.3% revision rate for the femoral component. The cause of primary total hip arthroplasty did not affect the clinical outcomes. These types of prostheses will provide patients with a stable implant that is expected to have excellent durability and longevity.
Autologous Collagen-induced Chondrogenesis: Single-stage Arthroscopic Cartilage Repair Technique
Authors: Shetty Asode Ananthram , Kim Seok Jung , Bilagi Praveen , Stelzeneder David
Published: May 2013

Autologous collagen-induced chondrogenesis is a novel, single-staged arthroscopic cartilage repair technique using microdrilling and atelocollagen or fibrin gel application under carbon dioxide insufflation. Atelocollagen is a highly purified type I collagen obtained following the treatment of skin dermis with pepsin and telopeptide removal, making it nonimmunogenic. In this procedure, atelocollagen mixed with fibrinogen and thrombin in a 2-way syringe can maintain the shape of the articular surface approximately 5 minutes after application due to the reaction between the thrombin and fibrinogen. Carbon dioxide insufflation facilitates the application of the gel under dry conditions. Ten patients (mean age, 38 years) with symptomatic chondral defects in the knee who were treated arthroscopically with microdrilling and atelocollagen application were retrospectively analyzed. All defects were International Cartilage Repair Society grade III or IV and were 2 to 8 cm
2
in size intraoperatively. For the clinical assessment, Lysholm score was assessed preoperatively and at 2-year follow-up. All patients underwent morphological magnetic resonance imaging at 1.5-Tesla at 1-year follow-up. Mean Magnetic Resonance Imaging Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue score at 1-year follow-up was 70.4±20.2 (range, 15–95). The Magnetic Resonance Imaging Observation of Cartilage Repair Tissue score for patellar lesions was similar to that of lesions in other locations: 73.3±11.7 vs 68.1±25.5, respectively. This technique had encouraging clinical results at 2-year follow-up. Morphological magnetic resonance imaging shows good cartilage defect filling, and the biochemical magnetic resonance imaging suggests hyaline-like repair tissue.
Pseudotumor Associated With Metal-on-Polyethylene Total Hip Arthroplasty
Authors: Scully William F. , Teeny Steven M.
Published: May 2013

This case report details the presentation, imaging results, and operative findings of a pseudotumor associated with a press-fit metal-on-polyethylene total hip arthroplasty (THA). An 80-year-old man presented approximately 7 years after undergoing THA with worsening right groin and lateral hip pain with an associated proximal thigh mass. Physical examination demonstrated a tender, large anterolateral thigh mass that was also evident on metal artifact reduction sequence magnetic resonance imaging.

An exploratory operative procedure revealed extensive tissue necrosis involving nearly the entire hip capsule, short external rotators, and tendinous portion of the gluteus medius muscle. In addition, marked surface corrosion was discovered about the taper at the head-neck junction of the prosthetic femoral component and the trunnion within the femoral head. The press-fit THA components were solidly fixed. The metallic head was replaced with a ceramic component, and the polyethylene liner was exchanged. The patient had complete resolution of his preoperative symptoms but had persistent problems with dislocations.

Although reports of pseudotumor and local soft tissue reactions associated with metal-on-metal THAs have become increasingly ubiquitous in the literature, similar reports involving metal-on-polyethylene THA implants are less common.
Totally Cystic Schwannoma of the Lumbar Spine
Authors: Wu Desheng , Ba Zhaoyu , Huang Yufeng , Zhao Weidong , Shen Bin , Kan Heng
Published: May 2013

A schwannoma is a benign tumor arising from a schwann cell and occurs mainly in the nerve sheath in the intradural extramedullary region. Schwannomas have been well described as occurring in the lumbar spine, but total cystic degeneration of schwannomas is rarely reported. The authors describe the clinical and radiographic evaluations and treatment of a rare case of an intraextradural totally cystic schwannoma on the lumbar spine.

Two patients reported a history of 6 to 12 months of pain accompanied by weakness in the lower extremities. On examination, 1 patient had bilateral lower-extremity muscle strength graded at 4/5, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a cystic schwannoma (1.5×2.0 cm in the sagittal dimension) at L2–L3. The other patient had a right lower-extremity muscle strength graded at 3/5, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a cystic schwannoma (2.0×3.0 cm in the sagittal dimension) at L4–L5. The patients underwent operative treatment, and the tumors were completely removed, as were the filum terminale adhered to the tumor. Pedicle screws were used to maintain stability of the lumbar spine. Gross examination of the tumors showed yellowish-white soft contents. Histologic examination confirmed that they were benign totally cystic schwannomas. Postoperatively, the patients’ neurologic symptoms completely resolved.

Cystic schwannomas can be diagnosed using preoperative magnetic resonance imaging. The filum terminale cut off the tumor walls did not cause the clinical symptoms in the 2 patients.
3D Data for Calculation of Capillary Conductivity Coefficient
Authors: Škramlík Jan , Novotný Miloslav , Fuciman Ondřej , Šuhajda Karel
Published: May 2013

The moisture in building construction material affects the physical properties of buildings and he may lead to their degradation. With few exceptions, building materials are almost never dry. For the expected negative effect of moisture on building materials of structures is needed accurate method of determining the characteristics of their moisture as possible. The capillary conductivity coefficient characterizes transfer of liquid moisture in porous material. The method for its determination is experimentally arranged in such a way that it is possible to apply diffusion equation derived from the Luikov equation that is a phenomenological description of liquid moisture transport in porous materials as well as from the continuity equation, which expresses the classic conservation of matter principle. To records of the moisture distribution has been developed the methodology for measuring of moisture in the porous material, using microwave radiation. The calculation of the capillary conductivity coefficient and its dependence is based on the moisture curves in 3 D in non-stationary state of wetting, determined by non-destructive method.
Physico-Mechanical Properties of the Threshold Coupling Made of Secondary Raw Materials for Use in the Rehabilitation and Reconstruction of Buildings
Authors: Smolka Radim , Kalousek Lubor , Mizerová Lenka
Published: May 2013

The paper deals with physico-mechanical properties of the threshold coupling made of secondary raw materials, which could be used not only at newly built houses, but also at the rehabilitation and reconstruction work of existing buildings. The current trend in the use of secondary raw materials, constantly growing demands to reduce the overall energy performance of buildings and the elimination of thermal bridges both in the design phase and in the implementation phase, helps solve a new element of the threshold coupling, combining the above mentioned requirements for construction. The threshold coupling is inserted in the form of plates under the frame fills of building holes which borders between the exterior and interior of the building. The variability is in the possibility of height and longitudinal adjustment to the exact size and a greater range of boards with several kinds of geometrical modifications allowing waterproof termination of waterproofing made of the commonly used materials.
Non-Destructive and Minimal-Invasive Status Determination and Heritage Friendly Remediation of the Wooden Structures of Bothmer Castle
Authors: Haroske Gesa , Diederichs Ulrich , Petranek Vít
Published: May 2013

The Bothmer Castle is the biggest baroque complex in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. It was built from 1726 to 1732 and used and maintained until 1945 by the family von Bothmer. From 1945 to 1948 it served as a field hospital, and until 1994 as a nursing home, almost without any maintenance. During that period the wooden constructions suffered a number of serious damages. Since the year 2000 the status assessment and a heritage friendly remediation was initiated by the owner, the government of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. The report deals with the applied non-destructive and minimal-invasive testing of the wooden structures (ultrasonic investigations, endoscopy, resistography, core extraction and testing etc.) as to yield a clear picture of their status and summarizes the gained results. Furthermore, the remediation concept, developed in cooperation with the preservation authority and the owner, is presented as well as some details of its execution.
Modeling of Historical Timber Roof Truss of Želiv Monastery
Authors: Mec Pavel , Daňková Jana , Murínová Tereza
Published: May 2013

Historical timber roof trusses are illustration of carpentry skills of an old era. Complexity of created structures is problem even in nowadays full usage of computer aided design. Especially in area of modeling joints and interaction of structural elements are ambiguities and inaccurate interpretations. The above issue is illustrated on 300 years old timber roof truss in Želiv monastery. The structure is Queen post shape with main trusses and secondary trusses. Especially static modeling of main trusses is problematic and difficult with utilization of beam or truss elements. Complex static model shows stiffness properties of joints as well as resistance of the whole truss structure against to climate loads and loads from rehabilitation intervention like replacement of roofing.
Application of Different Rehabilitation and Strengthening Methods for Insufficient RC Beam-Column Joints
Authors: Yurdakul Özgür , Avşar Özgür , Kilinç Kadir
Published: May 2013

Earthquake is one of the most destructive natural disasters that cause loss of life and property in the earthquake prone regions. Unsuitable soil conditions, inadequate material properties and deficiencies in the structural system can lead to costly seismic damages to structures. In this study, damages caused by the earthquake were examined for reinforced concrete beam-column joints. The most common damage type observed in earthquakes is the beam-column joint damage that decreases the lateral load bearing capacity and might be the reason for total collapse of structures. Weak bonding between concrete and reinforcing bars, absence of transverse reinforcement and incapable shear strength of RC beam-column joint are the most common causes for RC beam-column joint damage. After numerous experimental works, different strengthening methods were developed in literature. This paper discusses various strengthening methods including conventional and new techniques as well as their technological application details and the issues arise in practice
Protection of Timber from Combustion and Burning Using Alkaline Aluminosilicate-Based Coatings
Authors: Kryvenko Pavlo V. , Guzii Sergii , Kravchenko Anastasia
Published: May 2013

The paper presents data on the protection of timber from combustion and burning using the protective coatings based on alkali aluminosilicates. The results of study suggested to formulate a mix design of the alkaline aluminosilicate bond, choose fillers and to determine rates of mass loss of timber at burning and degree to which the samples under study have been deteriorated. The coated samples of wood have a minimum rate of burning – 0.002-0.0024 kg/s·m2, which is 1.3-1.6 times less than the permissible value (0.0032 kg/s·m2) and 1.5-2.3 less than that of the analogue (a commercial product "Siofarb”). In combustibility and burning behavior, the formulated coatings can be classified as hardly combustible and non- burnable materials.
The Improvement for Thermal Insulation Properties of Traditional Residential Building Envelope in the North Region of Shanxi Province
Authors: Zhang Xiao Li , Shi Qian Fei
Published: May 2013

Taking the traditional residence of old Guangwu Village in Shuozhou City for example, this paper launched a special study on energy efficiency of the building envelope in traditional residential buildings in north region of Shanxi province on the basis of the field investigation. A method for improving the thermal insulation properties of traditional residential building envelope is introduced through the calculation of the indexes of building heat consumption and the coal consumption for heating. Comparing thermal performance and indoor thermal environment before and after the improvement of traditional residential building envelope, the simulation result will also be produced by Autodesk Ecotect Analysis, which offered the basic data and theoretical foundation for the sustainable development of traditional residential buildings in north region of Shanxi Province.
Research on Energy Saving Design Strategy of New Traditional Residence in Jinzhong, China
Authors: Shi Qian Fei , Zhao Lei Lei
Published: May 2013

The research of traditional residence in Jinzhong,Shanxi shows that there are many disadvantages in ecology and energy saving, which seriously hinders the sustainable development of the new rural construction. Aiming at the existing problems, analysis is conducted by combining with the regional climate, economic and natural energy conditions,suggestions of energy-saving design of improvement is proposed in the paper, which provides guidance for energy-saving design of local new rural construction.
Optimization Strategies for Green Substation Assessment System in China: Based on LEED and Chinese Green-Building Evaluation Standard
Authors: Zhang Jun , Xiong Jia
Published: May 2013

This paper analyses the basic frame and evaluation principle of three assessment systems of the green-building which is respectively formulated by America and China. It studies the current situation of green substation assessment system in electric power industry, discusses the possibility of apply optimization strategies to green substation assessment system and puts forward several constructive suggestions
Discussion on the Strategies of Industrial Building Heritage Conservation and Utilization
Authors: Wang Qi
Published: May 2013

Industrial building heritage, as an important part of cultural heritage, have recorded the historical process of industrial civilization. First of all, this article reviews the concept, composition, and value of industrial building heritage, and then analyses the industrial building heritage conservation cases in the developed countries. Secondly, the article point outs that the industrial building heritage in China is facing tremendous challenges, especially the challenge of historical and cultural values, and also the challenge of city urbanization and adjustment of industrial structure. Finally, by strengthening the propaganda and knowledge popularization of industrial building heritage, thus, we research and formulate regulations to protect the industrial building heritage.
Methodology of the Data Processing with ICT Solutions for the Evaluation of the Energy and Water Savings
Authors: Domínguez Samuel , Fernández-Agüera Jesica , Escandon Rocio , Dominguez Eugenio
Published: May 2013

EnergyTIC (Technology, Information and Communication services for engaging social housing residents in energy and water efficiency) has put information and communication technology (ICT) solutions in place to provide end-users with methods to monitor and adapt their energy and water consumption. The main objective of this paper is to establish a methodology to analyze, process, and organize the user information and the energy and water consumption information from the Spanish pilot program. It will work with three different layers of information: (1) data provided to the user, (2) data managed for the analysis, and (3) data entered into the software “eeMeassure” to quantify the savings according to the unified criteria of the European Commission.
Technical Analysis for the Utilization of Unconventional Water Resource in Green Building
Authors: Jiang Xiang Yang , Law Ching Hin , Yang Jian Kun
Published: May 2013

Building is a significant contributor for water consumption and it is necessary to increase water use efficiency. This research introduced the current problem in calculating water quota, discussed the calculation of domestic and miscellaneous water consumption and proposed the calculation method for the consumption of unconventional water resource. Finally by a case study, this paper summarized the calculation method and procedure for utilization ratio of unconventional water resource.
Application Plan for an Intelligent Façade and Interactive Design of Environment-Friendly Buildings
Authors: Seo Won Duck , Lee Kang Guk
Published: May 2013

This study presents the application method of the intelligent facade and interactive design of environment-friendly buildings. The planning elements of the environment-friendly and intelligent skin design include (1) energy power generation system, (2) solar ray control system, (3) indoor climate control system, and environment-friendly buildings. An introduction for technologies relevant to these planning elements is yet to be explored in this early stage of the study. An introduction is presented for the new skin design method in response to the critical aspect and present era of facilitating high-tech equipment.
Importance of a View Window in Rating Green Office Buildings
Authors: Aminu Dodo Yakubu , Zin Kandar Mohd , Remaz Ossen Dilshan , Jibril Jibril Danazimi , Haladu Bornoma Aisha , Ibrahim Abubakar Alkali
Published: May 2013

The essence of a view window (VW) in an office building is not only to bring an optimal balance between daylight and electric light, but also for psychological and health purpose. VW does not only allow the admittance of light and views, but indirectly affects the productivity and psychological wellbeing of office occupants; it has a link to the sustainability in both conventional and green buildings. This paper defines the function of a view window as it relates to green office building. Through literature review and an experiment conducted in room 432-01 located at B11 Faculty of Built Environment, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. The function of VW in a green office building is highlighted; and the findings show that a VW would enhance sustainability in an office setting and has a dimension greater than 750mm above a finish floor level and less or equal to 2300mm above a finish floor level and with a wall to window ratio (WWR) of 25% to 40%.
Discussion on Modern Coach Station Design
Authors: Li Hong Yan
Published: May 2013

China's transportation is developing rapidly, the design of the modern coach station has changed a lot compared with the traditional coach station. In response to these changes, architecture and structural design was discussed in this paper in order to guide the modern coach station design. In the field of architecture design, large space is often used; the traffic flow develops to three-dimensional mode on the base of planar model; commercial facilities are getting more attention, and architecture modeling design is novel; at the same time, structural design also changes accordingly
A Study on Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions in End-Life Cycle of Residential Buildings
Authors: Cha Gi Wook , Hong Won Hwa , Shin Sung Woo
Published: May 2013

In recent years, demolition work in Korea has been rapidly increasing, and accordingly, its environmental impact has become significant, thus requiring quantitative analysis on energy consumption and CO2 emissions generated during demolition work. This study aims to examine energy consumption and CO2 emissions in the end-life cycle of buildings. In this study, inventory analysis was conducted and basic units of energy consumption and CO2 emissions were calculated in accordance with Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines published in 1996. Major findings show that 64% of energy consumption and CO2 emissions in buildings’ end-life cycle is generated in the demolition phase, and 36% in the transportation phase.
An Analysis of the Energy Performance and Economic Efficiency of the Practical use of Low Carbon Fumed Silica Insulation Panel Using Recycled Resources
Authors: Choi Gyeong Seok , Woo Su Jin , Lee Seong Eon , Kang Jae Sik
Published: May 2013

Based on the increase of the global interest in climate change, various political and technological efforts are being made in Korea in order to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, considered to be one of the main causes of greenhouse gas effects. Low energy and low carbon technologies with high reusability that enhance the performance of architectural materials have been developed in the architectural construction field [1]. This study has developed an FS insulation panel using recycled resources, and has verified the enhancement of economic efficiency, reduction of carbon dioxide emissions, and enhanced energy performance of the developed insulating panel. The results of the analysis have confirmed a 1.2t reduction of carbon dioxide emissions and a 7.3% increase in energy performance in comparison to standard insulators based on the existing legislative standards. Furthermore, cost effectiveness was also seen as the cost increased by 72% with a 10 year return period.
From Construction to Operation: Achieving Indoor Thermal Comfort via Altering External Walls Specifications in Egypt
Authors: Mahdy Mohamed M. , Nikolopoulou Marialena
Published: May 2013

The objective of this research is to study the effect of using different material specifications for the external walls on the cost of the energy consumption for achieving internal thermal comfort. We refer to this as operation running cost, which in turn is compared to initial construction cost for each type of the used external walls. In order to achieve this objective, dynamic thermal simulation were carried out for four different types of external walls – commonly used in Egypt – in two different sets of cooling: natural ventilation and mechanical means. Experiments recommend that using the Egyptian Residential Energy Code (EREC) to achieve inner thermal comfort with the minimum energy consumption (consequently the minimum CO2 emissions) and the minimum running cost as well.
The Building’s Skin Design and Configuration Method for Facilitating Solar Energy
Authors: Seo Won Duck
Published: May 2013

The purpose of this study is to survey the characteristics of the building’s skin design structure necessary for facilitating solar energy, defining the design factors, and presenting the technique in the actual application. The building’s skin design requires an application plan based on the characteristics and status of the building structure. The application plan corresponds with regional requirement, climate, and other factors.
Thermal Performance of Sandwich Insulation System According to the Type of Form-Tie
Authors: Kim Yu Min , Lee Yong Jun , Choi Gyeong Seok , Kang Jae Sik
Published: May 2013

Highly insulated envelope or external insulation systems are being applied in recent energy saving buildings to reduce the heat loss through envelope. Internal insulation systems are applied to most apartments in Korea because they are inexpensive and convenient to construct. However, the internal insulation systems have poor performance due to the heat bridges through structures such as slabs. The external insulation systems have better thermal performance because the heat bridges through the structure are rarely formed. But it has problems regarding the external insulator separation due to strong winds, spread of fire due to insulator combustion in case of fire, formation of heat bridges through the connectors between structure and external insulation. To supplement the weaknesses of the internal and the external insulation systems, a sandwich insulation system has been suggested. In this study, the thermal performance of sandwich insulation system for apartment buildings was evaluated according to two type of the form-tie material.
Building Policies for Energy Efficiency and the Development of a Zero-Energy Building Envelopment System in Korea
Authors: Kang Jae Sik , Lim Ji Hye , Choi Gyeong Seok , Lee Seung Eon
Published: May 2013

In this paper, the status of South Korea's policy (i.e., major support measures and energy performance standards) for the achievement of zero-energy buildings was investigated. Development of a high-performance envelopment system and its performance were also analyzed. The South Korean government has been proclaiming and enacting standards and ordinances related to green buildings since 1999. In 2008, it announced more specific and detailed regulations based on the Framework Act on Green Growth, which presents annual greenhouse gas emission reduction goals and mandates the realization of zero-energy buildings by 2025. To meet these legal standards and achieve the country’s energy-saving goals, the high-performance building envelop system was developed. The insulation performance of this system turned out to be equal or higher than the insulation performance standards for passive houses. It is expected that the use of the high-performance envelop system and renewable energy will contribute to realizing the nation's goal of mandatory application of zero-energy apartment houses.