bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
”Muutakin pitäisi olla kun sitä samaa hiuksenharmaata”: Opiskelijoiden kokemuksia ja toiveita vieraiden kielten opetuksesta lukiossa
Authors: Inha Karoliina , Veivo Outi , Mäntylä Katja , Toomar Jaana
Published: December 2024

Tässä artikkelissa tarkastellaan lukion ensimmäisen ja toisen vuoden opiskelijoiden kokemuksia lukion kielten opetuksesta ja heidän toiveitaan sen kehittämisestä. Tutkimuksessa haastateltiin yhteensä 22 lukiolaista neljällä eri paikkakunnalla kevään ja syksyn 2022 aikana. Lukiolaisille järjestettiin puolistrukturoituja yksilö- ja ryhmähaastatteluita. Aineisto analysoitiin sisällönanalyysin keinoin. Tulokset viittaavat siihen, että ympäristön tapa puhua kielten opiskelusta ja käytetyt opetusmenetelmät eivät välttämättä motivoi usean kielen opiskeluun. Opiskelijat mainitsivat myös etenemisvauhdin, yksilöllisen tuen puutteen sekä arviointikäytännöt opiskelua kuormittaviksi tekijöiksi. Lisäksi opetuksen tavoitteet ja sisällöt eivät tuntuneet opiskelijoista itselle merkityksellisiltä. Opiskelijat toivoivat lukion kielten opetukseen monipuolisempia opetusmenetelmiä, lisää suullisen kielitaidon harjoittelua ja tunnetta siitä, että hankitulla osaamisella selviäisi arjessa.
”Mä tiiän et mä kuulun kielikurssille!” Osallisuuden kokemukset kielten etäopetuksessa monikielisyyden näkökulmasta
Authors: Intke Hernández Minna , Kosonen Hanna
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we explore students’ sense of belonging in online language education through thematic interviews and a small stories perspective (Georgakopoulou 2015). We address two research questions: 1) What senses of belonging emerge in online language education? 2) How is multilingualism related to this sense of belonging? The study aims to enhance understanding of belonging and multilingualism in the context of a university language center’s online programs. The findings reveal three interconnected types of belonging. The first pertains to belonging within the course, focusing on student responsibility and safety. The second concerns belonging in language learning environments beyond the course. The third involves expressing personal identity in shared learning spaces, integrating visual and auditory markers of individual identities and interdisciplinary interactions. The results show that the sense of belonging extends beyond the course into various external communities. The study highlights that embracing multilingualism significantly influences students’ sense of belonging.
Narrative and Violence in Just Institutions
Authors: Deckard Michael
Published: December 2024

Beginning with images of rampant destruction and violence in our day, Paul Ricœur’s reflections on the political paradox and his “little ethics” (contained in Oneself as Another) are responses to peace and understanding. Ricœur is concerned with questions not only of narrative and embodiment, but also of violence. In situating his theory of personal identity as well as narrative in a country’s identity, is there a role for overcoming violence in understanding oneself through one’s nationality? How might the question of personal and national identity help us understand ethics and politics as mirroring one another, even in cases of religious peace-building?
Toward an Ontology of Peace I
Authors: Gregor Brian
Published: December 2024

This essay is the first of two seeking to draw out an ontology of peace from Paul Ricoeur’s thought.  This first essay (Part I) argues that Ricoeur’s hermeneutics of creation provides the best starting point because of its insistence on the goodness of created being.  Ricoeur develops this conviction from his reading of the biblical creation accounts, which I follow through three texts from three periods of Ricoeur’s work.  In The Symbolism of Evil, Ricoeur show that peace rather than violence is most fundamental to creation.  In his essay “On the Exegesis of Gen 1:1-2:4a,” he expands his interpretation to consider the combat imagery in the Psalms, but shows how the text interprets the separation and ordering of creation as a work of providential wisdom rather than violence.  In Thinking Biblically, Ricoeur complicates his earlier hermeneutics of creation by bringing in themes of mastery, chaos, and fragility—three themes that need careful interpretation in order to preserve Ricoeur’s earlier emphasis on the goodness and peacefulness of creation.  This preservation is possible, I argue, by recovering Ricoeur’s early Christological reflections in The Symbolism of Evil, which point to the hope of an ultimate, eschatological victory over violence.  I conclude by arguing that Ricoeur’s hermeneutics can help us to imagine peace, which is crucial to the practice of peace.
Modified heuristic criterion for parameter choice for one stabilization scheme of the finite element method
Authors: Drebotiy Roman , Shynkarenko Heorhiy
Published: December 2024

We consider a modi cation to a heuristic criterion for the optimal choice of the stabilization parameter in a certain nite element scheme for the singularly perturbed di usion-advectionreaction problem. This criterion is based on a minimization problem of the function of the stabilization parameter and the corresponding algorithm for nding the minimum. The function generally exhibits two extremum points: a local minimum and a local maximum. This forces the algorithm to repeatedly use an additional controlled heuristic "try-and-check" procedure, which can be ine cient in some cases. In this article, we propose simple heuristic modi cations to the criterion to eliminate the second maximum point, making ordinary bisection method applicable to the minimum- nding procedure.
General regularization scheme in data-driven learning of Koopman operators
Authors: Pereverzyev Sergiy , Solodky Sergei
Published: December 2024

As is known, the Koopman operator is widely used in the analysis of complex dynamic systems. In this paper, we consider the problem of numerical representation of the Koopman operators on Reproducing Kernel Hilbert spaces. The main idea of the proposed approach is the use of a concept of general regularization scheme to ensure the stability of the constructed approximations. This concept allows us to simultaneously consider several well-known regularization methods, which have been previously employed for approximating the Koopman operators. We also discuss the issue of the regularization parameter choice, that has been understudied so far.
INFLUENCE INVESTIGATION OF VARIOUS STRATEGIES OF MILLING TOOLPATH DURING MACHINE WORKING OF HEAT-RESISTANT ALLOY ХН45МВТЮБР
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Omsk state technical university, Makashin D.S.
Published: December 2024

The heat-resistant alloy ХН45МВТЮБР (transliteration into English KhN45MVTYuBR) is often used in the aerospace industry. Due to its high strength and corrosion resistance this material is poorly machinable. The influence of different values of cutting process parameters on tool wear during machine working of the heat resistant alloy ХН45МВТЮБР has been analyzed. The effect of two different toolpath strategies on cutting tool wear was studied. In order to determine the optimum values of cutting parameters, the change of the wear zone width on the rear surface of a cutter and the resulting cutting force acting during machine working were analyzed.
Superfluid Ether as a Grand Unifying Theory
Authors: Mahanth Ranjan
Published: December 2024

Recently, the search for a Grand Unified Theory of physics has reignited interest in ether theories. Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity showed that gravity is purely governed by spacetime curvature, which separates it from the other three fundamental forces (electromagnetic, weak, strong), which all arise from quantum effects. Some recent quantum gravity theories propose that the vacuum of space is actually filled with a quantum superfluid. However, these Spacetime Vacuum Theories (SVT) have not garnered much popularity in academic spaces, as they do not fit experimental observations as thoroughly as the most popular Grand Unified Theory candidates, string theories. The purpose of this paper is to make predictions regarding the composition and properties of a superfluid ether and propose a superfluid ether model that unifies the four fundamental forces. The first section of this paper will discuss the composition and properties of a superfluid ether, and the second section of this paper will discuss how a superfluid ether model is able to unify the four fundamental forces.
Mechanisms for anesthesia, unawareness, respiratory arrest, memory replay and sleep: MHb→IPN→PAG + DRN + MRN→claustrum→slow-waves.
Authors: Vadovičová Karin
Published: December 2024

Opiates are fast pain relievers and anesthetics that can cause respiratory arrest.I show new mechanisms of how mu-opioids and high prenatal nicotine cause respiratory slowdownlinked to slow-wave sleep (SWS): mu-opioids activate medial habenula which activates theinterpeduncular nucleus. This MHb-IPN system decreases respiration and alarm/arousal response tohypercapnia through projections to PAG, DRN, MRN, and LPO→RMTg→vPAG.The natural slowdown of respiration and heart rate is caused by SWS when the body is not moving.The MHb and rostromedial tegmental nucleus are known for dense mu-opioid receptors. Bothregions were claimed to be activated in SWS, together with the MHb→IPN→MRN circuit, thatactivates serotonin release, promotes SWS, rest, immune defense, recovery, sharp-wave ripples,cortical ripples, replay of temporally, spatially, and relationally bound information, synaptogenesisand BDNF linked growth, but inhibits theta states, encoding of new memories, arousal, alertwakefulness, awareness and REM sleep linked circuits (Vadovičová, 2015).My extended neural model proposes new mechanisms for anesthesia and loss of awareness byactivating cortical slow-wave activity (SWA) through MHb→IPN→MRN→ claustrum circuit. Itshows also how the dentate gyrus→triangular septum→MHb→IPN→MRN→ hippocampus +claustrum→SWA circuit induces memory replay/consolidation. This work proposes newmechanisms for anesthetic ketamine and phencyclidine effects: activation of the IPN→ MRN→claustrum→ cortical SWA circuit by the 5-HT2a receptors in IPN and claustrum. It also shows whyare ketamine and psychedelics anxiolytic and antidepressant. How they through activating the 5-HT2a receptors in the vACC/infralimbic cortex, increase safety, well-being, rest, and cognitiveflexibility, and attenuate fear, worries, threat, wanting, and impulsivity.
Barriers and facilitators for the implementation of preventative mental health interventions among secondary schools in high-income countries: A systematic review’
Authors: Schäfer Sarah , Streit Sophie , Schanz Christian Günter , Roembell Laila B. , Corneli Marie , Schaubruch Lea Marga , Wessa Michele , Lieb Klaus , Equit Monika , Fuhr Daniela
Published: December 2024

Background. Recent societal crises have negatively impacted the mental health of many children and adolescents, prompting widespread calls for increased efforts to promote mental health and prevent the onset of mental disorders in this age group. Schools as key environments for young people present a valuable opportunity to implement low-threshold mental health interventions that can promote mental health. However, school-based interventions are often not maintained in the long-term, primarily due to various implementation challenges. This systematic review aims to identify barriers and facilitators affecting the implementation of school-based interventions for mental health promotion and mental disorder prevention in secondary schools in high-income countries.Methods. A comprehensive search was conducted across seven databases (incl. APA PsycNet, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science), to identify qualitative or mixed-methods studies that examined the implementation of preventative school-based mental health interventions amongst regular secondary schools in high-income countries. After screening and data extraction, implementation determinants were synthesized using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. Study quality was assessed using modified checklists of the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme.Results. Our search yielded 26 eligible studies, with sample sizes ranging from 5 to 8,630 pupils. A total of 336 distinct implementation factors were identified, with barriers (N=207; 61.6%) outweighing facilitators (N=129; 38.4%). The most common barriers included scheduling conflicts, a lack of priority for mental health interventions, and logistical challenges within the school environment. Key facilitators included leadership support, age-appropriate intervention components, and ongoing staff engagement.Conclusions. To ensure long-term success of preventative school-based mental health interventions it is critical to integrate programs into the school environment by aligning them with academic priorities and addressing pre-existing resource limitations. Future research should focus on adapting interventions to better fit school environments, and on fostering strong leadership and community support to overcome implementation barriers at the team and community level. Addressing multidimensional implementation factors and exploring their complex interaction will be essential for developing and implementing effective and sustainable interventions that can have a long-lasting impact on adolescents’ mental health.Registration. Prospective preregistration at PROSPERO: CRD42023493299.
Türkiye, with the longest coastline in the Eastern Mediterranean, is Israel's maritime neighbor
Authors: Memoğlu Ömer
Published: December 2024

Türkiye adopts a 'win-win' strategy in the context of maritime disputes. The Republic of Türkiye, which aims to show how much maritime jurisdiction coastal states will gain in their agreements with Türkiye, also implements a strategy to show how much they will lose if they do not reach an agreement with Türkiye. Türkiye, which embraces international principles such as fair distribution, fairness, geographical superiority, proportionality, and non-closure, being the country with the longest coastline in the Eastern Mediterranean, naturally has maritime boundaries with Israel as well. In this context, Israel is Türkiye's maritime neighbor. The Turkish Sword drawn in the west with Libya and in the east with Israel can be effectively applied. The thesis of Doç. Dr. Cihat Yaycı, 'Libya-Türkiye EEZ Agreement, Libya is Türkiye's Maritime Neighbor,' was realized with the will of President Erdoğan and formed a strategy that disrupted a global game planned to seize the maritime jurisdiction areas of countries bordering the Eastern Mediterranean, including Greece and the Greek Cypriot Administration. The Eastern Mediterranean, which excites global multi-actor actors and those who monopolize energy hegemony, will make Türkiye a global actor with its Blue Homeland strategy, given that it has the longest coastline. Those actors who do not want Türkiye to become a great power and use various methods to deter Türkiye from the Blue Homeland Doctrine try to implement their plans to chain Türkiye by presenting the Seville map, which was drawn to confine Türkiye to its land borders, as the maritime reflection of the Seville agreement of yesteryears. Because when Türkiye claims its maritime rights, it can solve its energy problem and fulfill one of the 'one necessary and two sufficient conditions' to become a great power. Elements that fund Türkiye’s lobbies to label the Blue Homeland as expansionist, maximalist, or Neo-Ottomanist aim to prevent Türkiye from becoming a great power. Based on Barbaros Hayrettin Pasha’s principle 'He who controls the water controls the land,' the main strategy is to conduct a study showing how much maritime jurisdiction Israel can gain with agreements with Türkiye. Reminding us of the maritime spirit of our millennial civilization and the losses suffered when separated from its seas, and addressing the global competition in the Eastern Mediterranean and its reflections on the Republic of Türkiye in terms of maritime security are the main outlines of the study.
Continuous Real-Time Decoding in Wearable Human-Machine Interfaces: Advancing Neuroprosthetic Controls with Optomyography
Authors: Khalikov Roman , Soghoyan Gurgen , Sintsov Mikhail , Lebedev Mikhail
Published: December 2024

Wearable devices are gaining popularity for enabling human-machine interfaces, such as typing, through wristbands that convert surface electromyographic (sEMG) signals into computer commands. However, traditional sEMG methods face several limitations, including issues with wet vs. dry electrodes, challenges in sensor fixation, bias toward superficial muscles, signal cross-talk, instability over time, and susceptibility to electrical and mechanical artifacts. In this study, we present an alternative approach to sampling and decoding muscle contractions using optomyography (OMG). Our OMG system, a wristband with 50 data channels, facilitates various computer mouse-like controls. Decoding is performed by a compact yet effective fully-connected neural network trained on data from a center-out task involving hand gestures. Eight healthy participants and one amputee successfully mastered OMG-based controls, including target acquisition at different screen locations and playing Tetris. Performance improvements with training were assessed using metrics such as target acquisition time relative to distance, Euclidean deviation from a straight trajectory, time differences between actual and optimal trajectories, and time spent near the target before acquisition. This work demonstrates the potential of next-generation wearable devices to exceed traditional approaches in performance, accuracy, stability, and versatility.
Psychosomadelics: The case for renaming psychedelics
Authors: Scholkmann Felix , Sjöstedt-Hughes Peter
Published: December 2024

It is proposed that the term ‘psychedelics’, used for a certain class of psychoactive substances, be replaced by our new term 'psychosomadelics'. In our view, this step is necessary because the term 'psychedelics' is psychocentric (i.e. focusing primarily on the effects on the mind) and therefore neglects the somatic (bodily) effects of these substances. This is of particular importance as knowledge of the extensive effects that these substances have on the body is rapidly increasing. Furthermore, from a philosophical point of view, this new term also evolves and expands the connotations of such substances and their effects, as it indirectly relates to philosophical mind-body ontologies and phenomenologies. The term 'psychosomadelics' denotes both mind and body concepts, and also connotes their proposed relations – thereby providing balance and enrichment to the associated discourse. We thus suggest that the new term be adopted.
Religious Fundamentalism, but not Centrality of Religiosity, is Related to Online Conformity – A Study Based on Asch’s Paradigm
Authors: Misiak Magdalena Joanna , Paruzel-Czachura Mariola
Published: December 2024

Humans are inherently social beings and often subject to social influence, a phenomenon known as conformity. But what traits characterize individuals who conform to group opinions? We aimed to examine the potential impact of religiosity and religious fundamentalism on conformity. With the growth of technology, many decisions are now made online, such as during video meetings. This shift prompted us to investigate online conformity in a pre-registered study. To measure conformity, we adapted Asch’s paradigm, using actors in an online video meeting to perform a simple perceptual task based on the classic line-length procedure. Our study focused on two constructs: (1) centrality of religiosity across its dimensions and (2) religious fundamentalism. We hypothesized that higher religiosity and higher levels of religious fundamentalism would be associated with greater online conformity. Consistent with our hypothesis, we found that religious fundamentalism positively correlated with online conformity, whereas the centrality of religiosity showed no relationship with conformity in the online setting.
Population Heterogeneity Among the Six Factors of Aggressive Personality
Authors: Chester David
Published: December 2024

Dozens of dispositional aggressiveness questionnaires and their idiosyncratic factor structures have been distilled into six factors: Relational, Angry, Violent, Retaliatory, Intimate, and Alcohol Aggression. Do sub-populations exist that fail to replicate these six factors? Factor mixture modeling of these aggressiveness items (N = 1,447 diverse undergraduates) identified three latent profiles characterized by medium (41.12% of sample), high (13.75%), or low (45.13%) levels of all six factors. Like the ‘Big Bang’ the six factors began strongly-correlated in the low aggressiveness profile and then rapidly drifted apart in nomological space among more aggressive profiles. All original factors re-emerged in profile-specific factor analyses, excepting Violent Aggression. Thus, the six-factor model of aggressiveness appears largely robust to population heterogeneity.
The Problems of Prospects of Regular and Development Budget of HMG/Nepal
Authors: Sharma Vishnu Prasad
Published: December 2024

Not available.
A Note on the Erosion of Consumer Sovereignty in Nepal
Authors: Gaudel Yadav Sharma
Published: December 2024

Not available.
Spatial and Temporal Analysis of Road Traffic Accidents Using GIS
Authors: Bhele Raju , Dhungana Sameer , Chimoriya Dikshit , Sapkota Aabhushan , Ghorasaini Sujan
Published: December 2024

Road traffic accidents are becoming more common, presenting serious public safety and urban development problems. This study employs Geographic Information Systems to conduct a comprehensive spatial and temporal analysis of road traffic accidents, aiming to identify accident hotspots and underlying patterns. By integrating and analyzing accident data from police reports, the distribution and frequency of accidents across different locations and periods were studied. The accident rate has increased by 1.27% in the fiscal year 2020/2021 than 2019/2020, 2.54% in 2021/2022 than 2020/2021, and by 6.03% in 2022/2023 than 2021/2022. About 12.7% of total accidents recorded were minor, 72.4% of total accidents were major and 14.9% of total accidents recorded were observed to be fatal. The findings reveal a high concentration of accidents at the central part along the Araniko highway. Banepa municipality has a high accident rate compared to Dhulikhel and Panauti due to overspeeding, overloading, overtaking, careless driving, mechanical failures, and loss of vehicle control. Minor accidents were frequent at high-traffic intersections, whereas the major and fatal were predominantly concentrated along the Araniko highway. 41% of medium size, 38% of heavy vehicles, and 39% of light vehicles encountered accidents. The study revealed that head-on collisions on the narrow section of Araniko Highway occur often. Intersection management and signalization in Banepa need to be addressed since rear-end collisions increased during periods of high traffic congestion. Two-wheel riders and pedestrians are the more vulnerable. The study utilizes spatial statistical tools such as Kernel Density Estimation (KDE) to identify accident-prone locations. Temporal analysis further explains peak times and seasons for accidents. The findings reveal distinct spatial clusters of accidents and temporal patterns during peak and non-peak hours. This spatial and temporal analysis of accidents showed the need for specific road safety interventions. Through the identification of accident causes and the implementation of recommended measures, these municipalities can significantly lower accident rates and improve overall road safety in their locality.
Unraveling the Traffic Congestion Due to Bottleneck: A Review
Authors: Mainali Saras , Regmi Swapnil , Wagle Kapil , Bhele Raju
Published: December 2024

In the metropolitan cities across the world, traffic congestion is a major problem due to growing urbanization, vehicle growth and infrastructure constrains. Bottleneck congestion is a major problem faced in traffic management in many urban centers as it affects travel time, emissions, and fuel consumption. It accounts for nearly 40% of congestion. This extensive literature review aims to discuss the main reasons behind traffic congestion, classify their patterns, and discuss how it can be detected and prevented. This paper focuses on the economic and social consequences of traffic bottlenecks by considering several traffic congestion research. The methods namely; Manual counting, social surveys, CCTV footage analysis, Navigation, and simulation software namely VISSIM are discussed in this paper. It also offers traffic control methods and other difficulties and contemporary control measures for congestion. In addition, this review emphasizes on the need of cost effective traffic congestion management, particularly in underdeveloped countries like Nepal, where video graphic survey is recommended as the most feasible approach. The purpose is to deliver pertinent information to transportation planners and engineers to address issues concerning traffic congestion in big cities and offer ways of improving the efficiency of transport systems in urban cities.
Leveraging Machine Learning for Structural Response Characterization of Brick Masonry
Authors: Dahal Suyogya , Adhikari Rabindra , Gautam Dipendra
Published: December 2024

Advanced techniques like data-driven approaches and machine learning are crucial for understanding and designing resilient masonry buildings to seismic and other hazards. The study highlights the potential of machine learning for low-cost, fast structural assessment of buildings, which will significantly improve the existing vulnerability assessment procedures and increase the reliability of the results at lower investments. This study presents the utilization of machine-learning models to estimate the building’s structural response, which is helpful for the vulnerability characterization of the building. Considering the natural period of vibration of the building as an essential structural response parameter, it is predicted using the standard building features collected in post-disaster surveys. This study further analyzes the importance of building features, such as different geometric configurations and material properties, for a building’s time-period response. Seven different machine-learning models were trained and evaluated for prediction accuracy using model evaluation metrics such as MAE, MSE, RMSE, and R2, of which seven models, which gave an R2 value of more than 0.5, were considered for detailed study. Among various models, the model with the CatBoost algorithm was the best and had the highest model accuracy.
Exploring Secondary Enrolment and GDP Growth in Nepal
Authors: Timsina Tirtha Raj , Pokharel Bandana
Published: December 2024

Education is crucial for the advancement of every nation. The paper explores the importance of secondary education in human capital development and economic growth. It investigates the existing gender disparities in enrolment rates. This article aims to investigate the relationship between secondary level student enrollment rates and the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Nepal. It also explores the impact of educational gender disparity on economic development and provides insights into potential policy implications. Data from various sources, including the Ministry of Education of Nepal and the World Bank, are utilized to analyze trends in enrolment rates and GDP from 2011 to 2021. Data has qualitatively analyzed to investigate the link between secondary enrollment and GDP in Nepal. Pearson's correlation and linear regression are utilized for thorough examination. The study has found no clear connection between secondary enrollment and GDP in Nepal. Surprisingly, as enrollment rates decrease, GDP seems to rise, suggesting that secondary school enrollment does not notably affect GDP in the country.
Anioły i demony. Antologia romansu popularnego
Authors: Bujnicka Maria , Wężowicz-Ziółkowska Dobrosława , Tomczok Marta
Published: December 2024

The anthology consists of several dozen original commentaries on the most famous examples of Polish popular romance published before World War II. Excerpts of the novels are interwoven with the author's sometimes comical comments, creating an interesting and enjoyable reading collage. At the same time, it is also a publication with scholarly qualities that can illuminate many contexts of Polish literary history that are now forgotten.
Black LGBTQIA+ Political Subjectivities in the Roma Negra: On Black LGBTQIA+ Political Resistance in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
Authors: Jaimee Swift
Published: December 2024

This article examines the politics of Black LGBTQIA+ political resistance against multiform violence in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Nicknamed the Roma Negra (Black Rome) due to having the second largest Black population in the world, Salvador, the capital city of the northeastern state of Bahia, has disproportionate rates of LGBTQIA+ violence. This article offers various case studies on how Black LGBTQIA+ activists and civil society and non-governmental organizations in Salvador politically organize, negotiate, and transform space, and combat non-citizenship and subordination since Brazil’s redemocratization.
Dempster Shafer Analysis in Mental and Emotional Health Monitoring
Authors: Nasyuha Asyahri Hadi , Sari Dini Fakta , Azanuddin Azanuddin , Khoiri Muhammad Hafidz Ady
Published: December 2024

Monitoring and diagnosing mental and emotional health is a significant challenge in the healthcare field due to its complex and subjective nature. This research aims to develop an expert system using the Dempster-Shafer method in monitoring and diagnosing mental and emotional health conditions. The Dempster-Shafer method was chosen because of its ability to handle uncertainty and combine various evidence from different information sources. This analysis is designed to identify seven types of mental and emotional illness by considering twenty-four related symptoms. The results of the analysis show that this expert system can provide a more accurate and comprehensive assessment compared to conventional methods. It is hoped that the implementation of this expert system can be an effective tool for medical personnel in making diagnoses and determining appropriate treatment steps for patients with mental and emotional health conditions. This study also highlights the potential of the Dempster-Shafer method in other applications that require evidence-based analysis under uncertainty.
Učinci klimatskih promjena
Authors: Hassan Musheerul , Mohsin Muhammad , Vitasović-Kosić Ivana , Naseer Uzma , Bhat Shabir Ahmad , Dar Shabeer Ahmad
Published: December 2024

Climate change, a relentless force of nature, poses a significant threat to ecosystems and endangers livelihoods. This review examines the diverse impacts of climate change, ranging from shifting seasons and retreating glaciers to rapidly rising sea levels. These changes lead to identifiable risks such as rising temperatures, dwindling groundwater supplies, loss of biodiversity, reduced forestry and agricultural productivity, and increased health risks. The impacts go beyond the ecological sphere and permeate global economies. Particularly important is the disproportionate impact on countries with limited resources and lower socio-economic status. In addition, this report examines the complicated dynamics of international cooperation on climate policy, and underscores the urgent need for collective efforts to address the escalating environmental crisis. Carbon emissions are the main cause of global climate change. In response, the world's nations have come together under the Kyoto Protocol, which is based on the recognition of different national capacities to address climate-related challenges. The transition from the Kyoto Protocol to the Paris Agreement underscores the shift towards collective responsibility for climate change and emphasizes international cooperation and efforts to build resilience, particularly for the benefit of vulnerable nations. Therefore, this synthesis of systematic review procedures and bibliometric analysis methods underscores the need for coordinated action to mitigate the looming environmental crisis. Strategic planning and implementation are essential to proactively mitigate the negative effects of climate change. Efforts such as afforestation, reforestation and reducing dependence on fossil fuels, as well as the extensive use of renewable energy sources such as wind, solar and geothermal sources, offer significant potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
The Empire of Beliefs and Digital Worlds : What Does Contemporary Science Say?
Authors: Bronner Gérald
Published: December 2024

Many international institutions are looking into the danger presented by false information, particularly for democracies. An abundant body of scientific literature has been addressing this problem for just under a decade. This article sets out, first, to review the state of the art on this subject, highlighting the specific features of the contemporary cognitive market. While rumours, conspiracy theories and so on are the sea serpents of the human imagination, our contemporary world is giving these forms of credulity renewed vitality. The aim is also to shed light on the situation today by taking an analytical approach to some of the most important mechanisms involved (superspreaders, data voids, “mille feuilles” arguments that are resistant to contradiction, etc.).
Croyances et perceptions sociales liées au refus vaccinal en France
Authors: Cordonier Laurent
Published: December 2024

En me basant sur les données d’une enquête réalisée en 2023 auprès d’un panel représentatif de la population française (N = 4000 répondants), j’explore dans cet article les facteurs associés au fait, d’une part, d’avoir refusé le vaccin contre le Covid-19 et, d’autre part, d’avoir déjà refusé un/des vaccin(s) hors Covid-19 pour soi-même et/ou ses enfants. Étonnamment, ces deux comportements de refus vaccinal sont faiblement corrélés entre eux. Si les personnes ayant adopté l’un ou l’autre de ces comportements partagent de nombreuses caractéristiques, le refus du vaccin contre le Covid-19 semble plus particulièrement reposer sur une attitude de défiance à l’égard du gouvernement et des médias, adossée à une vision complotiste du fonctionnement du monde social. En comparaison, le refus vaccinal hors Covid-19 relève probablement davantage d’un rapport complexe à la santé, qui mêle un intérêt marqué pour le sujet à une forte perméabilité aux thérapies alternatives et aux croyances ésotériques, ainsi qu’au fait d’avoir vécu des expériences médicales négatives.
Seymour Drescher: An Appreciation
Authors: Atanassow Ewa , Jennings Jeremy
Published: December 2024

This article is the first part of a study of the work of Professor Seymour Drescher as a Tocqueville scholar. Beginning with an account of Professor Drescher’s early life and career, it then focuses upon three aspects of his contribution to Tocqueville scholarship during the 1960s: his groundbreaking exploration of the influence of English institutions and society upon Tocqueville’s life and thought; Drescher’s seminal analysis of the relationship between the 1835 and the 1840 volumes of Democracy in America; and, thirdly, Drescher’s bringing to light of the previously neglected writings of Tocqueville on social reform, pauperism prison reform, and the abolition of slavery, and, through this, his reappraisal of the intellectual relationship between Tocqueville and Gustave de Beaumont.
Neurosciences computationnelles de la croyance
Authors: Bottemannel Hugo
Published: December 2024

La théorie du cerveau bayésien, une approche computationnelle issue des principes du traitement prédictif (PP, Predictive Processing), propose une formulation mécanistique de la génération et de la mise à jour des croyances. Cette théorie suppose que le cerveau encode un modèle génératif de son environnement, constitué de croyances probabilistes organisées en réseaux, à partir duquel il génère des prédictions sur les entrées sensorielles futures. Au fil de l’interaction avec l’environnement, les erreurs de prédictions représentant la différence entre les prédictions et les signaux sensoriels seraient utilisées pour mettre à jour les prédictions, participant au remodelage des réseaux de croyance. Dans cet article, nous proposons une introduction aux principes fondamentaux des neurosciences computationnelles de la croyance, et nous montrons comment cette dynamique de prédiction et de mise à jour pourrait être à l’origine de la génération des croyances.
Unisist (1971): la posibilidad de establecer un sistema mundial de información científica vista en clave de regreso al futuro y a la política
Authors: Urbano Cristóbal
Published: December 2024

Reseña del informe publicado por Unesco y el Consejo Internacional de Uniones Científicas en 1971, en el que partiendo del diagnóstico sobre el estado del acceso internacional a la información científica, se formularon propuestas de mejora mediante la coordinación nacional e internacional de los actores implicados. Bajo el liderazgo de ambas organizaciones, se llevó a cabo un riguroso proceso de estudio de los fundamentos, las tecnologías y la normalización del tratamiento de la información científica, que alimentó un proceso de consultas entre expertos, gobiernos y organizaciones, destinado a valorar la viabilidad de institucionalizar un sistema mundial de información científica. Con dicho sistema se pretendía dar respuesta al contexto de la expansión informativa del momento, así como al requisito de cooperación internacional que exigía una ciencia cada vez más compleja y abierta a los países en desarrollo. En la reseña se confronta el proceso que representó el Unisist durante el último cuarto del siglo XX con la realidad actual, y se apunta a la necesidad de avanzar en la coordinación de las muchas y diversas iniciativas de mejora de la gestión de información científica actualmente en marcha. Finalmente se apunta a la conveniencia de recuperar en nuestros días el debate sobre políticas de información como condición para dicha coordinación.
¿Necesitamos un nuevo Unisist? Comentarios viejunos a un viaje de regreso al futuro desde el lejano año de 1971
Authors: Anglada Lluís
Published: December 2024

Cristóbal Urbano publicó una documentada, inteligente y provocadora nota ThinkEPI recordando el programa Unisist de la Unesco que tenía por objetivo establecer un sistema mundial de información científica. La nota resume perfectamente el contenido e intenciones del programa y termina preguntándose si hoy siguen necesarias políticas internacionales con respecto los productos documentales generados por la investigación. Mi nota no es ninguna réplica a aquella, pero sí la opinión de que está política internacional ya existe, solo que se está desarrollando bajo parámetros distintos a los de los años 70 y 80 del siglo pasado. Opino que el movimiento de la ciencia abierta parte de los mismos supuestos y tiene los mismos objetivos que Unisist, pero destaco tres grandes diferencias: la información científica que hoy incluye los datos, la forma de usar la información ya que la abundancia de misma está dirigiendo los usos hacia lo más relevante, lo más fácil o conveniente de usar, y que el sistema creado para hacer esto posible no es centralizado, sino que se basa en la interoperabilidad entre nodos federados.
Cam Sektöründe Müşteri Şikayetlerindeki Hata Oranlarına Pareto ve HTEA Uygulaması
Authors: Düzdar İrem , Özdemir Cihan Tuğçe
Published: December 2024

Kalite iyileştirme, bir işletmenin ürün veya hizmet kalitesini artırmaya yönelik süreçleri ifade eder. Bu süreçte hataların nedenleri ve etkileri analiz edilerek önleyici tedbirler geliştirilir. Pareto analizi, en fazla soruna yol açan az sayıdaki unsuru belirlemek için kullanılan bir istatistiksel tekniktir ve kalite iyileştirme çalışmalarında öncelikli hataların tespitinde önemlidir. Hata Türü ve Etkileri Analizi (HTEA) ise hataların tanımlanması, etkilerinin değerlendirilmesi ve önlenmesi amacıyla kullanılan bir yöntemdir. Cam üretim sektöründe faaliyet gösteren Düzce Cam San. ve Tic. A.Ş., müşteri şikayetlerine dayalı kalite iyileştirme sürecinde Pareto analizi ve HTEA tekniklerinden faydalanmıştır. Bu süreçte, hataların türleri, nedenleri ve etkileri detaylı olarak incelenmiş, önleyici tedbirler uygulanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, hata oranı azalırken müşteri memnuniyeti artmış ve firmanın rekabet gücü yükselmiştir. Bu çalışmalar, cam üretim sürecinin verimliliğini artırırken sektör için örnek teşkil edecek bir kalite yönetimi modeli sunmuştur. Ayrıca, müşteri odaklı yaklaşımıyla sektördeki genel kalite standartlarının geliştirilmesine ve rekabet avantajının artırılmasına katkı sağlamıştır. Bu kapsamda, Düzce Cam San. ve Tic. A.Ş.'nin kalite iyileştirme çalışmaları, sektördeki firmalar için değerli bir rehber niteliği taşımaktadır.
Relationship between coping strategies and academic resilience of pupils with special needs in Kwara, Nigeria
Authors: Adedigba Olabisi , Olawuyi Bolanle Olabisi , Obimuyiwa Gabriel Ayodeji
Published: December 2024

This study investigated the relationship between coping strategies and academic resilience among pupils with special needs in Kwara Central, Nigeria. A descriptive survey research design was adopted. The population was all children with special needs in primary and secondary schools of the State. The sample comprised 400 pupils with special needs purposely selected from 20 schools, both special and regular schools. Two data collection instruments used included the Coping Strategies Rating Scale (CSRS) and Pupils’ Academic Resilience Rating Scale (PARRS), validated for face and content validity and tested for reliability with coefficients of 0.82 and 0.85, respectively. Descriptive statistics of frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation was used to analyse the two questions raised while inferential statistics of Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) was used to analyse the only hypothesis formulated at the 0.05 level of significance. The results revealed moderate levels of coping strategies (weighted mean = 2.40) and academic resilience (weighted mean = 2.44). The result also showed a strong a positive correlation between coping techniques and academic resilience (r-value is 0.713). These findings indicate the need to focus on building appropriate coping mechanisms to promote resilience in children with exceptional needs. Based on the findings, the study recommended teacher training, appropriate learning methodologies, and supporting school policies to increase children' adaptive capacities and boost academic resilience among children with exceptional needs.
Exploring the Spectrum of Migraine: Beyond Auras and Multisensory Unusual Experiences
Authors: Özkara Yılmaz Buket
Published: December 2024

The aim of this study is to compare the visual and non-visual aura experiences of migraine patients. By analyzing demographic data, pain intensity, attack frequency, and migraine-related disability, this research seeks to identify patterns and differences in sensory experiences among individuals diagnosed with migraine according to the International Headache Society criteria. This study involves 50 participants aged 18 to 56 years who have experienced unusual sensory experiences in the auditory, visual, olfactory, somatic-tactile, and gustatory domains. The findings will provide insights into the relationship between different types of aura experiences and various demographic and clinical factors, contributing to a deeper understanding of migraine pathology and potentially informing better-targeted treatments and management strategies.
ANALISIS PENGARUH BIMBINGAN KONSELING BERBASIS PENDIDIKAN ISLAM DALAM MEREDUKSI PERILAKU BULLYNG PADA SISWA
Authors: Yulianti Yulianti , Putri Rasikha Aulia , Safitri Anggie Resa , Awaliyah Iftitah , Litasya Zahara , Khairunnisya Hernita , Nurika Haliza
Published: December 2024

Bullying behavior is a serious issue in the world of education, including in Indonesia. Studies show that repeated exposure to bullying can negatively impact students' mental health and well-being. In Indonesia, the prevalence of bullying behavior among students reaches quite high levels, involving various forms such as teasing, insults and beatings. The Indonesian Child Protection Commission (KPAI) identifies bullying in schools as a serious form of violence, although in some cases society sometimes considers it normal. Handling bullying behavior requires an active role from the school, including through counseling guidance services. Islamic guidance is recognized as a method that can help reduce bullying behavior by focusing on the principles of the Islamic religion, emphasizing the happiness of life in this world and the afterlife. The objectives of Islamic guidance include helping individuals solve problems, preventing problems from arising, and guiding individuals in implementing the teachings of the Islamic religion. Islamic education also emphasizes the prohibition against bullying behavior, considering it a disgraceful or negative act. Low empathy was identified as another contributor to bullying behavior, and Islamic guidance was considered an important effort in creating quality students. A holistic approach that integrates religious values and guidance and counseling services is expected to help reduce incidents of bullying behavior among students. Future research can further explore the implementation of guidance and counseling programs that collaborate with religious and Islamic education. A deeper analysis of the role of religious guidance in changing personality characteristics associated with bullying is also an important focus. Including the experiences of students, teachers, counselors, and parents will provide valuable insight to improve the effectiveness of these programs. Thus, it is hoped that this research can provide a more comprehensive view of overcoming the problem of bullying behavior among students.
STUDI KASUS: KONSEP DIRI PADA SISWA WITHDRAWAL
Authors: Nisa Chairun , Astuti Margaretha Tri , Garini Natalia Ayu , Efita Maini , Rahmayanty Dinny
Published: December 2024

Adolescence is a period when individuals begin to enter a wider social environment with the aim of searching for and forming their own identities. But not infrequently, individuals have not been able to adapt to the changing situations they face, giving rise to various obstacles. In individual development, one of the problems that is often faced is the behavior of withdrawing or being isolated from the social environment, also known as social withdrawal. This behavior is influenced by many factors, one of which is the self-concept that forms the basis of a person's behavior. This study aimed to describe self-concept in relation to student withdrawal. This study used a qualitative method with a descriptive type of case study. Data were collected through interviews, observation, and document study. One participant was identified as experiencing social withdrawal behavior - a teenager in grade X at Senior High School in Jambi City. Based on the research results, it is known that social self-concept influences how a person has social relationships. The subject's negative self-concept, such as being disturbing, unnecessary, and unpleasant, causes students to isolate themselves from their social environment and causes several symptoms, such as communication anxiety.