bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Detecção de carboidratos de baixo peso molecular em diferentes variedades de manga, em dois estágios de maturação
Authors: Cunha Klelma Teixeira da , Mendes Taynara de Sousa Rego , Costa Charllyton Luís Sena da
Published: January 2022

O objetivo foi analisar o potencial hiperglicêmico de diferentes variedades de manga nos diferentes estágios de maturação. Pesquisa do tipo transversal, descritivo experimental de abordagem quantitativa. A aquisição das amostras foi realizada na central de abastecimento do Estado do Piauí. Utilizadas variedades de mangas Palmer, Rosa e Tommy Atkins em dois estágios de maturação, estado de maturação verde e madura. As amostras foram submetidas a procedimentos de análise em quintuplicata quanto ao teor de açucares de baixo peso molecular e umidade. As comparações entre mangas de diferentes variedades e estados de maturação tiveram resultado estatisticamente significativas (p=0.0084), quando comparado com a manga Rosa madura. O kit para determinação de glicose mostrou-se eficaz para determina-la do que a curva de analítica. O valor da regressão linear (glicose) de 0.976 foi estatisticamente significativo e desenvolveu uma fórmula matemática que permite estimar qualquer concentração. Houve relação constante de glicose/frutose em diferentes frutas, e criou-se uma regressão linear que gerou uma equação de reta no qual a frutose pode ser estimada a partir do valor da glicose. Os valores de umidade não foram estatisticamente significativos e não interfere no nível de glicose. As variedades de manga testada apresentaram variações estatisticamente significativas nos teores de carboidrato de baixo peso molecular especialmente a variedade Rosa. O método enzimático desenvolvido demonstrou-se capaz para a quantificação espectrofotométrica do teor de glicose. É necessária a determinação do índice glicêmico para as variedades de frutas no Brasil.
Projeto otimizado e análise por elementos finitos de um motor a relutância variável 8/6 tetrafásico
Authors: Machado Gustavo de Oliveira , Fidelis Ricardo Tirone , Moraes Filho Marcos José de , Viajante Ghunter Paulo , Silveira Augusto Wohlgemuth Fleury Veloso da , Gomes Luciano Coutinho
Published: January 2022

O motor a relutância variável (MRV) tem sido considerado uma alternativa viável para substituir os motores elétricos clássicos em aplicações que demandam acionamentos com velocidades variáveis. Este motor é robusto, dispõe de uma construção simples e tem a vantagem de possuir um rotor que não necessita de enrolamentos ou ímãs permanentes para operar. Neste trabalho, um MRV 8/6 tetrafásico é projetado a fim de substituir um motor de indução trifásico (MIT), utilizando a mesma carcaça disponível. Na metodologia adotada para o projeto, os dados mecânicos da carcaça do MIT são utilizados como parâmetros iniciais para o cálculo das dimensões do MRV. A escolha dos ângulos dos arcos dos polos do MRV é otimizada através da análise por elementos finitos. Além disso, as simulações realizadas via elementos finitos possibilitam a visualização da distribuição do fluxo magnético na estrutura do MRV e o levantamento de dados importantes como os perfis de indutância e de fluxo concatenado, e o torque do motor projetado. O maior erro relativo obtido para a densidade de fluxo magnético no núcleo do motor foi de 1,69% e o torque resultante do MRV foi muito próximo do torque requerido inicialmente. Esses resultados apresentados validam o protótipo projetado e consolidam a metodologia de projeto utilizada.
Otimização da estabilidade de um gel fitoterápico usando Box-Behnken Design e Metodologia de Superfície de Resposta
Authors: Cavalcante Haissa de Oliveira Espinheiro , Oliveira Leonan Cordeiro de , Costa Juliana de Araújo , Nobre Romualdo dos Santos Martins , Silva Caio José Silva da , Alves Tais Vanessa Gabbay
Published: January 2022

A otimização de experimentos é um processo de reduz tempo, solventes, uso de equipamentos e melhora os resultados a partir de análise fatorial. A produção de géis fitoterápicos necessita de avaliação de estabilidade para poder ser utilizada de forma segura. Sendo assim, este estudo apresenta como objetivo otimizar por meio da análise fatorial do tipo Box-Behnken a produção de uma formulação de gel fitoterápico utilizando como variáveis dependentes os testes de densidade, espalhabilidade e pH obtidos durante a análise de estabilidade preliminar. As variáveis dependentes foram os percentuais do polímero de carbopol 940®, de óleo de manga e do extrato de chá verde. Após a execução do fatorial, foram desenvolvidas 13 formulações em triplicatas, submetidas a centrifugação e 6 ciclos de estresse térmicos, no qual demonstraram caraterísticas físico-químicas aceitáveis, em seguida, observou-se utilizando gráficos de superfície de resposta baixos níveis de aderência dos ativos na formulação quando haviam altos índices de densidade e espalhamento. O ponto ótimo da formulação foi composto pelos níveis polímero -1, extrato -1 e óleo +1, com desejabilidade 0,67. Este ponto se mostrou reprodutível na prática. Portanto, sugere-se que a análise fatorial é uma ferramenta importante para a otimização e garantia de formulações fitoterápicas de qualidade e estáveis.
Cluster analysis applied to the Human Development Index (HDI) of Brazilian States
Authors: Nascimento Emanuela Rodrigues do , Albuquerque Mácio Augusto de , Barros Kleber Napoleão Nunes de Oliveira , Barros Patrícia Silva Nascimento
Published: January 2022

This study aims to compare the performance of each method (hierarchical and non-hierarchical) of the grouping formed by several HDI from the 27 brazilian states, through the cluster analysis technique. As well as determining how many states there are in each formed group, to thus specify which technique best represents the data. Data from Atlas Brasil 2013 were used in relation to the 2010 HDI. For cluster analysis, the Mahalanobins matrix was used with the hierarchical method, from the data obtained, we applied the simple linkage methods, complete, average, ward liaison and a non-hierarchical method through the K-means method, the conphenetic correlation coefficient was also applied to measure the degree of fit between the original similar matrices and the resulting matrix of simplification provided by the grouping method. However, the method that best represents the data was the complete link. When grouping the states, the similarity between the HDI-R, HDI-L and HDI-S variables was considered this relationship formed similar groups between the connections from different regions of Brazil.
Image processing for positioning mechanical device with Backpropagation algorithm and separate handling of RGB components
Authors: Mario Mauricio Conceição , Oliveira Alzira Marques de , Silva Filho João Inácio da , Garcia Dorotéa Vilanova , Barbuy Heraldo Silveira
Published: January 2022

Different approaches for the use of Artificial Neural Networks - ANNs, in the recognition of image patterns, have been used with variations ranging from the processing of the image data to the ANN architecture itself. This paper describes the development of a system that aims to recognize patterns of images with ANNs of three inputs that receive images decomposed into their RGB components. The ANNs have an architecture with two hidden layers of six neurons each, and use the algorithm Backpropagation. The built model normalizes RGB components with values ​​between zero and one. The Backpropagation algorithm is used for the purpose of functional approximation of these components, and after training, the numerical arrangements obtained in the three outputs corresponding to the inputs are denormalized to form the resulting training image. Six image pattern had training in different ANNs, forming a system to recognized each pattern. The feasibility of using the model was verified with the tests for its generalization capacity. Images used to position a mechanical device, which did not participate in the training, were inserted into the system and from them the positioning of the device was performed, with a high degree of accuracy.
Metaplasia e lesões histopatológicas de mucosa esofágica
Authors: Moura Elomar Rezende , Souza Gabrielle Barbosa Vasconcelos de , Trindade Yasmin Tourinho Delmondes , Santana Neto Durval José de , Moreira Larissa Gonçalves , Silva Wianne Santos , Barreto Íkaro Daniel de Carvalho , Silva Décio Fragata da , Meurer Luíse , Trindade Leda Maria Delmondes Freitas
Published: January 2022

A metaplasia é um processo adaptativo reversível, que acontece em um tipo de célula que, mediante um estímulo, passa pela substituição de outro tipo celular de linhagem semelhante.  Objetivo: identificar a prevalência de metaplasia e a sua relação com lesões histopatológicas encontradas em amostras de mucosa esofágica. Método: estudo transversal, retrospectivo com uma amostra de 1953 laudos histopatológicos de mucosa esofágica. Resultados: de 1953 laudos, 548 (28,1%) tinham metaplasia, sendo 94 (17,1%) do tipo intestinal e destes 35(6,4%) focal; 133(6,8%) tinham esôfago de Barrett, 414 (75,5%) com ectopia gástrica, 21 (1,1%) com displasia, sendo 12 (57,1%) de baixo grau e 9 (42,9%) alto grau e 1427 (73,1%) laudos apresentaram esofagite. A faixa etária mediana dos portadores de metaplasia foi de 45 anos (IIQ 34-55), sendo 289 (51,7%) do sexo feminino e 438 (81,4%) procedentes da capital. Dos laudos com metaplasia, 46 (8,2%) tinham Helicobacter pylori, 30 (5,3%) esôfago de Barrett e 14 (2,6%) com atrofia gástrica associada a bactéria, entretanto não houve associação significativa com a H.pylori. Foi estatisticamente significativo (p<0,001) a associação de metaplasia com esofagite, esofagite eosinofílica e pólipo adenomatoso. Conjuntamente, observamos um menor risco de metaplasia na presença de esofagite (RR: 0,44; IC95%: 0,36-0,55) e maior na presença de Eosinófilos >=15 eos/ CGA (RR: 3,27; IC95%: 1,70-6,62). Conclusão: Não temos evidências de relação entre metaplasia no esófago e H.pylori. A ausência de esofagite e a presença de Eosinófilos >=15 eos/ CGA está associado a um maior risco de transformação metaplásica.
Anthropometric parameters as alternatives to identify visceral fat and cardiovascular risk in hepatitis C patients
Authors: Carvalhal Manuela Maria de Lima , Zandonadi Alessandra Maria Assunção , Pereira Tayna Carvalho , Gomes Daniela Lopes , Furlaneto Ismari Perini , Ribeiro Elisabeth Cristine Dias , Moraes Pilar Maria de Oliveira , Móia Lizomar De Jesus Maués Pereira , Quaresma Juarez Antônio Simões
Published: January 2022

Objective: To analyze the anthropometric parameters used as alternatives to identify visceral fat and cardiovascular risk in patients with hepatitis C. Methodology: Study carried out between June to November of 2017, with hepatitis C patients. Social data, lifestyle and biochemical parameters were collected. Anthropometric assessment was carried out, being measured height, weight, waist circumference and hip circumference were measured. Then, body mass index, waist and height ratio, waist-to-hip ratio, visceral adiposity index and Framinghan risk score were calculated. For statistical analysis, chi-square test was applied, and simple and multiple logistic regressions have been performed to explore the correlation between anthropometric parameters and Framingham risk score, adopting a 5% significance level. Statistical Package for Social Science software was used. Results: 55 patients evaluated. It was observed that 56.36% presented cardiovascular risk according to waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio, 78.18% according to the waist and height ratio, and 74.55% according to the visceral adiposity index. In the relation between Framingham risk score and anthropometric parameters it was observed that waist-to-hip ratio was considered a significant independent predictor (OR=14.7000; CI95% = 3.5360 – 61.1180). Conclusion: For the identification of visceral fat, it is suggested to use the waist-to-hip ratio because it indicated a probability for the development of cardiovascular events in individuals with hepatitis C.
Nursing consultation with newborns in a capital city of the Legal Amazon: the need for teaching and learning about the theme
Authors: Santos Leidiene Ferreira , Costa Mariane de Melo , Silva Maitê da Veiga Feitoza Borges , Evangelista Danielle Rosa , Silva Juliana Bastoni da , Sá Erika  Silva de , Carvalho Laiane de Paula Aquino Oliveira , Brito Raquel Cristina da Costa , Silva Sorlei Silva e , Mutti Cintia Flôres , Nunes Daniela Pires
Published: January 2022

The Nursing consultation corroborates health promotion and protection of the population. However, current research shows that this strategy does not always reach its full potential. Thus, this study aimed to identify components that interfere with the practice of Nursing Consultation with the newborn (NB) in Primary Health Care (PHC). To this end, 11 nurses from Family Health Care teams in the municipality of Palmas, Tocantins, Brazil, were interviewed from June to November 2019, and the collected information was submitted to Content Analysis. The results show that the practice of the NB Nursing Consultation is permeated by several challenges, such as difficulties in finding the NB and weaknesses in clinical assessment and in the implementation of the Nursing Process (NP). The components lack of knowledge and technical skills to assess the child, and insipient and unsystematic execution of the steps of data collection and implementation of the NP, negatively, interfere in the practice of Nursing Consultation.
Estudo do satélite brasileiro Amazonia-1 E de sua trajetória: Mapeamento Sistemático e Análise Documental dos Artefatos Históricos – Oficiais
Authors: Silva Wayrone Klaiton Luiz , Grande Eliana Tiba Gomes , Oliveira Daniela Cabral de
Published: January 2022

Este artigo apresenta e investiga as experiências da trajetória historiográfica da Missão Amazônia e, portanto, do desenvolvimento do Satélite AMAZONIA-1 em seus 41 Anos. Para isto, foi realizado um Mapeamento Sistemático (MS) para rastrear o estado da arte do Satélite, cujo resultado obteve-se apenas 7 referências acadêmicas. Após isto, realizou-se a Análise Documental (AD) ao coletar experiências e registros dos artefatos pela transcrição de vídeos presente na Plataforma Youtube, além de obter documentos oficiais do INPE, tendo em vista, desenvolver a evolução do quadro histórico e a análise das principais tecnologias satelitais sob etapas do ciclo de vida da missão. Com efeito, uma narrativa histórica foi construída para se utilizar, além de fontes históricas oficiais, da reunião de observações históricas, educacionais, econômicas e ambientais, sobretudo, tecnológicas. Parte-se da perspectiva de pesquisadores, tecnólogos, administradores, engenheiros e equipes, participantes e estudiosos da missão Amazônia. Como resultado, também, desenvolveu-se uma metodologia híbrida de AD, que se ancora tanto de início no MS, quanto no decorrer do trabalho na pesquisa bibliográfica. Pôde-se, ainda, fomentar o debate sobre desenvolvimento satelital, fornecendo: i) importantes apontamentos educacionais, ambientais e econômicos; ii) embasamento dos aspectos conceituais-práticos da missão espacial; iii) a formulação da definição do projeto preliminar e; iv) a Missão Amazônia em suas experiências históricas e factuais (2001-2021) de otimização, transferência tecnológica, implementação e lançamento.
PERAN GURU SEBAGAI MOTIVATOR UNTUK PESERTA DIDIK
Authors: Sinarsih, Eva Ayu, Firda Sinarsih
Published: January 2022

Guru merupakan faktor terpenting bagi peserta didik ketika proses pembelajaran berlangsung,karena hasil belajar siswa akan lebih optimal apabila motivasi ditunjukkan langsung kepada peserta didik. Motivasi memiliki fungsi untuk mendorong peserta didik agar dapat menyeleksi apa yang sudah diperbuat atau yang akan diperbuat oleh peserta didik,juga untuk mendorong peserta didik agar mencapai sebuah prestasi yang baik,motivasi juga berfungsi sebagai pengarah serta penggerak.Peran guru sangat berpengaruh untuk menumbuhkan semanagt peserta didik yaitu sebagai pendorong agar hasil pembelajaran peserta didik dapat berjalan denagan lancar dan optimal.Seperti disebutkan di atas peran guru adalahsebagai motivator. Guru adalah inspirasiyang akan membantu dan memenuhi keinginan dan kebuituhan peserta didik.Untuk memotivasi belajar peserta didik dalam proses mengajar guru sebaiknya tidak hanya menggunakan satu metode pembelajaran yang monoton seperti ceramah atau mencatat yang bisa menyebabkan peserta didik hilang semangat dan cepat bosan dalam menerima pembelajaran. Tanggung jawab guru adalah membantu siswa agar dapat memaksimalkan potensi siswa itu sendiri dan orang di sekitarnya.Peserta potensial peserta didik yang harus dibina tidak hanya menyangkut masalah intelektual dan keterampilan, tetapi itu melibatkan semua aspek kepribadian. Guru tidak hanya membutuhkan pemahaman atau kemampuan yang mendalam belajar dan belajar juga dapat memotivasi siswa.Kata kunci: Guru, motivator,peserta didik.
Struktur Komunitas Plankton Tambak Polikultur Bandeng (Chanos chanos) dan Udang Vannamei (Litopenaeus vannamei) di Desa Tebaloan Kecamatan Duduksampeyan Kabupaten Gresik
Authors: Muaffah Zumrotul , Laili Saimul , Lisminingsih Ratna Djuniwati
Published: January 2022

AbstractPlankton is an organism that has a very small size or micro-organisms that live floating in the waters. This study aims to compare the abundance, diversity, uniformity, dominance, importance of plankton and water quality in milkfish and shrimp polyculture ponds in the Tebaloan village, Duduksampeyan District, Gresik Regency. This research was conducted in Tebaloan Village, Duduksampean District and sampling was carried out at 08.00-10-00 WIB. The plankton sample method uses purposive sampling. The results showed the diversity of plankton consisting of 20 plankton with 16 phytoplankton and 4 zooplankton. At station I, the most common classes were Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae and Chlophyceae. Meanwhile, at station II, the classes were mostly Cyanophyceae. In the community structure, the Diversity Index (H') value is 1.21-1.97 which is categorized as medium. The Uniformity Index (E) is 0.13-0.21 which is categorized as low. Meanwhile, the Dominance Index (C) is 0.39-0.52, at station I is categorized as high and at station II categorized as low. Parameters carried out during the study were temperature, water brightness, TDS, salinity, pH, DO, dissolved CO2 and nitrate. The results of water quality measurements in both polyculture ponds were categorized as medium or poor pond waters for cultivating milkfish and vannamei shrimp.Keywords: Plankton, Community Structure, Polyculture PondABSTRAKPlankton merupakan organisme yang memiliki ukuran yang sangat kecil atau bisa juga disebut jasad renik yang hidup melayang di perairan.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan kelimpahan, diversitas, keseragaman, dominansi, nilai penting plankton dan kualitas air pada tambak polikultur bandeng dan udang di Desa Tebaloan Kecamatan Duduksampeyan Kabupaten Gresik. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Tebaloan Kecamatan Duduksampean dan pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada pukul 08.00-10-00 WIB. Metode sampel plankton menggunakan purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keanekaraaman plankton yang terdiri dari 20 plankton dengan 16 fitoplankton dan 4 zooplankton. Pada stasiun I paling banyak ditemukan adalah kelas Bacillariophyceae, Cyanophyceae dan Chlophyceae. Sedangkan pada stasiun II ditemukan paling banyak adalah kelas Cyanophyceae. Pada struktur komunitas nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman (H’) 1.21-1.97 yang dikategorikan sedang. Nilai Indeks Keseragaman (E) 0.13-0.21 yang dikategorikan rendah. Sedangkan nilai Indeks Dominansi (C) 0.39-0.52, pada stasiun I dikategorikan tinggi dan pada stasiun II dikategorikan rendah. Parameter yang dilakukan saat penelitian adalah suhu, kecerahan air, TDS, salinitas, pH, DO, CO2 terlarut dan nitrat. Hasil pengukuran kualitas air pada kedua tambak polikultur dikategorikan sebagai perairan tambak sedang atau kurang baik untuk membudidayakan ikan bandeng dan udang vannamei.Kata kunci : Plankton, Struktur Komunitas, Tambak Polikultur
STRUCTURE-FUNCTIONAL SELF-ORGANIZATION OF ZrO2–SiO2:Sn(IV) SYSTEM
Authors: Trachevskiy Volodymyr , Prudius Svitlana , Mylin Artur
Published: January 2022

The study is devoted to the solution of one of the actual problems of materials science – the conscious management of the fundamental properties of solids. It is based on the development of an algorithm for creating both on intergranular surfaces and in the volume of particles nanosized inclusions, crystallites, structural defects. Taking into account the accumulated results of systematic studies of simple, binary systems as previous experience for further design of more complex systems, for correctly overcome the fundamental disadvantages, associated with the inconsistency of multicomponent systems, the sequence of physico-chemically substantiated technolo­gical stages on the way of formation of functional architecture has been formulated. The coevolutionary concept of self-organization of chemical systems is also formulated, according to which the regulation of the course of structural-functional reorganization processes takes place by two mechanisms: adaptation and bifurcation. Taking into account the phy­sicochemical properties, optimal conditions for the formation of element oxide clusters and the peculiarities of interparticle interaction, the course of structural and functional self-organization – response of colloidal solutions of a multicomponent system to directionally initiated changes in the characteristics of the dispersed reaction medium and, accordingly, the parameters of particles that are deliberately designed in this way (size, shape, composition, structure of their ensembles), as well as the effect on interparticle distances, hierarchy of structural levels, the action of concentration and temperature factors and the introduction of a modifying reagent were diagnosed by va­rious measurements. The driving forces (electro­negativity, competitive rearrangements) and tendencies of energy-supplied bifurcation formation of coordination polyhedra of structure-forming ions in multicomponent ensembles were identified, namely, the pathways of directed initiated rearrangement of the atomic architecture with the organization of oxygen-unsaturated zirconium-containing sites, which determined the matrix formation with practically significant catalytic activity.
Weighing Up the Options. Adventure of an Academic Career Outside of the US?
Authors: Mineshima-Lowe Dale , Biderbost Pablo , Boscan Carrasquero Guillermo
Published: January 2022

As you think about preparing for your future as a political scientist – are you considering studying or a career outside of the US? In this chapter, we draw on our collective experiences from Spain and the UK to sketch out some key issues you might want to consider when looking at graduate courses or academic positions abroad. Are there any major trade-offs that need to be considered? From master’s level to doctoral studies through securing your first political science academic post, and everything in-between. We attempt to explore and unpack these to lay out the options available for prospective and current graduate students thinking about their future prospects as political science academics beyond the US. This manuscript is part of Strategies for Navigating Graduate School and Beyond, a forthcoming volume for those interested in pursuing graduate education in political science (Fall 2022 publication).
“Why don’t they participate?” Reasons for nonparticipation in adult learning and education from the viewpoint of self-determination theory
Authors: Kalenda Jan , Kočvarová Illona
Published: January 2022

The study deals with the perceived reasons for nonparticipation in adult learning and education (ALE), drawing on existing research concerning the motivation for lifelong learning, adult attitudes towards education, and the study of dispositional barriers. The aim of the study is to determine the subjective reasons/motivation of adults not to participate in ALE and what factors influence their nonparticipation. For this purpose, we drew on self-determination theory (SDT). Based on that we have created the research tool “Motivation to Nonparticipation Scale” (MNP-S), which measures three factors: extrinsic motivation, intrinsic motivation, and amotivation. The empirical research was conducted with a representative sample of adults (N = 943, age: 19 to 81 years) who had not participated in ALE. Contrary to theoretical assumptions of SDT, amotivated adults do not predominate among nonparticipants, with the main subjective reasons for nonparticipation based on intrinsic or extrinsic motivations.
Applications of Synthetic Biotechnology on Carbon Neutrality Research: A Review on Electrically Driven Microbial and Enzyme Engineering
Authors: Zhuang Xiaoyan , Zhang Yonghui , Xiao An-Feng , Zhang Aihui , Fang Baishan
Published: January 2022

With the advancement of science, technology, and productivity, the rapid development of industrial production, transportation, and the exploitation of fossil fuels has gradually led to the accumulation of greenhouse gases and deterioration of global warming. Carbon neutrality is a balance between absorption and emissions achieved by minimizing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from human social productive activity through a series of initiatives, including energy substitution and energy efficiency improvement. Then CO2 was offset through forest carbon sequestration and captured at last. Therefore, efficiently reducing CO2 emissions and enhancing CO2 capture are a matter of great urgency. Because many species have the natural CO2 capture properties, more and more scientists focus their attention on developing the biological carbon sequestration technique and further combine with synthetic biotechnology and electricity. In this article, the advances of the synthetic biotechnology method for the most promising organisms were reviewed, such as cyanobacteria, Escherichia coli, and yeast, in which the metabolic pathways were reconstructed to enhance the efficiency of CO2 capture and product synthesis. Furthermore, the electrically driven microbial and enzyme engineering processes are also summarized, in which the critical role and principle of electricity in the process of CO2 capture are canvassed. This review provides detailed summary and analysis of CO2 capture through synthetic biotechnology, which also pave the way for implementing electrically driven combined strategies.
Three-Component Synthesis of Some New Coumarin Derivatives as Anticancer Agents
Authors: Alshabanah Latifah A. , Al-Mutabagani Laila A. , Gomha Sobhi M. , Ahmed Hoda A.
Published: January 2022

A three-component reaction for the synthesis of novel 3-heteroaryl-coumarin utilizing acetylcoumarin synthon under ultrasonic irradiation was developed using chitosan-grafted poly(vinylpyridine) as an eco-friendly catalyst. The process is a simple, facile, efficient procedure for the preparation of compounds displaying a thiazole ring linked to coumarin moiety. Moreover, all the products were evaluated for their anticancer activities against HEPG2-1. The results revealed that three new compounds showed promising anticancer activities.
Introducing Nafion for In Situ Desalting and Biofluid Profiling in Spray Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Song Xiaowei , Mofidfar Mohammad , Zare Richard N.
Published: January 2022

We introduce Nafion into the ambient ionization technique of spray mass spectrometry to serve for in situ desalting and direct analysis of biological fluids. Nafion was coated onto the surface of the triangular spray tip as the cation exchange material. Because the sulfonic group from the Nafion membrane effectively exchanges their carried protons with inorganic salt ions (e.g., Na+ and K+), the analyte’s ionization efficiency can be significantly enhanced by reducing ion suppression. The desalting efficiency can reach 90% and the maximum tolerance of the absolute salt amount reaches 100 μmol. The mass spectral profile can also be simplified by removing the multiple adducted ion types from small-molecule drugs and metabolites ([M + Na]+ and [M + K]+), or multiply charged ions formed by proteins ([M + nNa]n+ and [M + nK]n+). Thus, the Nafion coating makes less ambiguous data interpretation collected from spray mass spectrometry for qualitative profiling or quantitative measurement of a target analyte.
Molecular Features Behind Formation of α or β Co-Crystalline and Nanoporous-Crystalline Phases of PPO
Authors: Golla Manohar , Cozzolino Antonietta , Nagendra Baku , Vignola Emanuele , Daniel Christophe , Rizzo Paola , Guerra Gaetano , Auriemma Finizia , D’Alterio Massimo Christian
Published: January 2022

Guest molecular features determining the formation of α and β phases of poly(2-6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene) oxide (PPO) are explored by collecting literature data and adding many new film preparations, both by solution casting and by guest sorption in amorphous films. Independently of the considered preparation method, the α-form is favored by the hydrophobic and bulky guest molecules, while the hydrophilic and small guest molecules favor the β-form. Furthermore, molecular modeling studies indicate that the β-form inducer guests establish stronger dispersive interactions with the PPO units than the α-form inducer guests. Thus, the achievement of co-crystalline (and derived nanoporous crystalline) α- and β-forms would result from differences in energy gain due to the host–guest interactions established at the local scale.
The Gut Microbiome and Metabolites Are Altered and Interrelated in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Yu Die , Du Juping , Pu Xia , Zheng Liyuan , Chen Shuaishuai , Wang Na , Li Jun , Chen Shiyong , Pan Shaobiao , Shen Bo
Published: January 2022

The relationship among the gut microbiome, global fecal metabolites and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has not been systematically evaluated. In this study, we performed 16S rDNA sequencing and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based nontargeted metabolomic profiling on feces of 26 untreated RA patients and 26 healthy controls. Twenty-six genera and forty-one MS2-identified metabolites were significantly altered in the RA patients. Klebsiella, Escherichia, Eisenbergiella and Flavobacterium were more abundant in the RA patients, while Fusicatenibacter, Megamonas and Enterococcus were more abundant in the healthy controls. Function prediction analysis demonstrated that the biosynthesis pathways of amino acids, such as L-arginine and aromatic amino acids, were depleted in the RA group. In the metabolome results, fecal metabolites including glycerophospholipids (PC(18:3(9Z,12Z,15Z)/16:1(9Z)), lysoPE 19:1, lysoPE 18:0, lysoPC(18:0/0:0)), sphingolipids (Cer(d18:0/16:0), Cer(d18:0/12:0), Cer(d18:0/14:0)), kynurenic acid, xanthurenic acid and 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid were remarkably altered between the RA patients and healthy controls. Dysregulation of pathways, such as tryptophan metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism and glycerophospholipid metabolism, may contribute to the development of RA. Additionally, we revealed that the gut microbiome and metabolites were interrelated in the RA patients, while Escherichia was the core genus. By depicting the overall landscape of the intestinal microbiome and metabolome in RA patients, our study could provide possible novel research directions regarding RA pathogenesis and targeted therapy.
Monocyte-Platelet Aggregates Triggered by CD31 Molecule in Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Clinical Implications in Plaque Rupture
Authors: Vinci Ramona , Pedicino Daniela , Bonanni Alice , d'Aiello Alessia , Pisano Eugenia , Ponzo Myriana , Severino Anna , Ciampi Pellegrino , Canonico Francesco , Russo Giulio , Di Sario Marianna , Vergallo Rocco , Filomia Simone , Montone Rocco Antonio , Flego Davide , Stefanini Lucia , Piacentini Roberto , Conte Cristina , Cribari Francesco , Massetti Massimo , Crea Filippo , Liuzzo Giovanna
Published: January 2022

Despite the recent innovations in cardiovascular care, atherothrombosis is still a major complication of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). We evaluated the involvement of the CD31 molecule in thrombotic risk through the formation of monocyte-platelet (Mo-Plt) aggregates in patients with ACS with no-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) on top of dual anti-platelet therapy (DAPT). We enrolled 19 control (CTRL) subjects, 46 stable angina (SA), and 86 patients with NSTEMI, of which, 16 with Intact Fibrous Cap (IFC) and 19 with Ruptured Fibrous Cap (RFC) as assessed by the Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). The expression of CD31 on monocytes and platelets was measured. Following the coronary angiography, 52 NSTEMIs were further stratified according to thrombus grade (TG) evaluation. Finally, a series ofex vivoexperiments verified whether the CD31 participates in Mo-Plt aggregate formation. In patients with NSTEMI, CD31 was reduced on monocytes and was increased on platelets, especially in NSTEMI presented with RFC plaques compared to those with IFC lesions, and in patients with high TG compared to those with zero/low TG.Ex vivoexperiments documented an increase in Mo-Plt aggregates among NSTEMI, which significantly decreased after the CD31 ligation, particularly in patients with RFC plaques. In NSTEMI, CD31 participates in Mo-Plt aggregate formation in spite of optimal therapy and DAPT, suggesting the existence of alternative thrombotic pathways, as predominantly displayed in patients with RFC.
TAVI for Pure Non-calcified Aortic Regurgitation Using a Self-Expandable Transcatheter Heart Valve
Authors: Schneeberger Yvonne , Seiffert Moritz , Schaefer Andreas , Bhadra Oliver D. , Schofer Niklas , Pecha Simon , Westermann Dirk , Blankenberg Stefan , Reichenspurner Hermann , Conradi Lenard
Published: January 2022

Objectives: Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is routinely performed in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). For patients with pure non-calcified aortic regurgitation (AR) who are not suitable for open heart surgery no clear recommendations exist and use of TAVI has been largely off-label. We herein report a series of patients treated with the self-expandable AcurateNeo and Neo2 (Boston Scientific Co., Marlborough, MS, USA) transcatheter heart valve (THV) for pure AR.

Methods: Between 05/2017 and 03/2021, 9 patients (88.8% female, 74.4 ± 7.1 years, logEuroSCORE II 5.5 ± 3.6%, STS PROM 6.2 ± 3.0%) received transfemoral (TF) TAVI for pure non-calcified AR following an adjusted valve sizing algorithm. Data were retrospectively analyzed according to updated Valve Academic Research Consortium (VARC-2) definitions.

Results: Device success was 100%. Early safety was 77.7% (7/10), due to two (22.2%) cases of acute kidney injury. Thirty-day mortality was 0%, in seven (77.7%) patients no or trace paravalvular leakage (PVL) was seen and mild PVL in two (22.2%) patients at 30-day follow-up. No permanent pacemaker (PPM) was required during 30-day follow-up.

Conclusion: In this series of selected patients using the Acurate neo THV for pure non-calcified AR, safety and efficacy were demonstrated. Thirty-day mortality as well as PPM implantation and PVL rates showed excellent results in this high-risk patient cohort. These results will have to be confirmed in larger patient cohorts.
Comparative Quantitative Aortographic Assessment of Regurgitation in Patients Treated With VitaFlow Transcatheter Heart Valve vs. Other Self-Expanding Systems
Authors: Wang Rutao , Kawashima Hideyuki , Gao Chao , Mou Fangjun , Li Ping , Zhang Junjie , Yang Jian , Luo Jianfang , Mylotte Darren , Wijns William , Onuma Yoshinobu , Soliman Osama , Tao Ling , Serruys Patrick W.
Published: January 2022

Objectives

To compare the quantitative angiographic aortic regurgitation (AR) of six self-expanding valves after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Background

Quantitative videodensitometric aortography (LVOT-AR) is an accurate and reproducible tool for assessment of AR following TAVR.

Methods

This is a retrospective central core-lab analysis of 1,257 consecutive cine aortograms performed post-TAVR. The study included 107 final aortograms of consecutive patients who underwent TAVR with first-generation VitaFlow in four Chinese centers and 1,150 aortograms with five other transcatheter aortic valves (Evolut Pro, Evolut R, CoreValve, Venus A-Valve, and Acurate Neo). LVOT-AR analyses of these five valves were retrieved from a previously published pooled database.

Results

Among 172 aortograms of patients treated with VitaFlow, 107 final aortograms (62.2%) were analyzable by LVOT-AR. In this first in man eight cases necessitated a procedural valve in valve due to inappropriate TAVR positioning and severe aortic paravalvular regurgitation. In the VitaFlow group, the mean LVOT-AR of the intermediate aortograms was 7.3 ± 7.8% and the incidence of LVOT-AR >17% was 8.6%. The mean LVOT-AR of the final aortogram was 6.1 ± 6.4% in the VitaFlow group, followed by Evolut Pro (7.3 ± 6.5%), Evolut R (7.9 ± 7.4%), Venus A-valve (8.9 ± 10.0%), Acurate Neo (9.6 ± 9.2%), and lastly CoreValve (13.7 ± 10.7%) (analysis of variance p < 0.001). Post hoc 2-by-2 testing showed that CoreValve had significantly higher LVOT-AR compared with each of the other five THVs. No statistical difference in LVOT-AR was observed between VitaFlow, Evolut Pro, Evolut R, Acurate Neo, and Venus A-valves. The VitaFlow system had the lowest proportion of patients with LVOT-AR >17% (4.7%) (AR after the final aortograms), followed by Evolut Pro (5.3%), Evolut R (8.8%), Acurate Neo (11.3%), Venus A-valve (14.2%), and CoreValve (30.1%) (chi-square p < 0.001).

Conclusion

Compared to other commercially available self-expanding valves, VitaFlow seems to have a low degree of AR and a low proportion of patients with ≥moderate/severe AR as assessed by quantitative videodensitometric angiography. Once the learning phase is completed, comparisons of AR between different transcatheter heart valves should be attempted in a prospective randomized trial.
Standard Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factors Mediate the Association Between Elevated Hair Cortisol Concentrations and Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Stomby Andreas , Strömberg Susanna , Theodorsson Elvar , Olsen Faresjö Åshild , Jones Mike , Faresjö Tomas
Published: January 2022

Background

Increased cortisol exposure is a risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD). It is not clear to what degree this risk is independent from the standard modifiable risk factors (SMuRFs) dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes.

Aim

To use path analysis to test the direct and indirect association, mediated by SMuRFs, between long-term cortisol levels measured in hair cortisol concentration (HCC) and CAD.

Methods

Hair was sampled from patients admitted with acute myocardial infarction (n = 203) and a population-based sample without a diagnosis or symptoms of CAD (n = 3,134). The HCC was analyzed using radioimmunoassay and all the participants reported whether they were diagnosed with or treated for diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Path analysis was used to test to what degree the association between logarithmized (ln) HCC and CAD was direct or indirect, mediated by SMuRFs.

Results

Participants with CAD had elevated HCC compared to those without elevated HCC [median interquartile range (IQR): 75.2 (167.1) vs. 23.6 (35.0) pg/mg, p < 0.0001]. Higher HCC was associated with diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, which, in turn, were associated with CAD. In path models, 80% of the association between ln(HCC) and CAD were mediated by SMuRFs, while the direct path between ln(HCC) and CAD was not statistically significant.

Conclusion

The SMuRFs diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension mediate the association between ln(HCC) and CAD. Some association between ln(HCC) and CAD did not operate via the SMuRFs considered and might have a pathway through atherosclerosis or inflammation.
Modelling of Critical Acceleration for Regional Seismic Landslide Hazard Assessments by Finite Element Limit Analysis
Authors: Li Cheng , Wei Shuhe , Xu Xingqian , Qu Xin
Published: January 2022

The critical acceleration model plays an important role in seismic slope stability and determines the predictive accuracy of regional seismic landslide hazard assessments. Recently, the critical acceleration model based on the limit equilibrium method has been used to evaluate the seismic stability of regional slopes. However, when the Hoek-Brown failure criterion is used to evaluate the seismic stability of slopes with angles greater than 60°, the results obtained is unconservative by limit equilibrium method. Therefore, based on the simulation of a typical slope model with finite element limit analysis, prediction equations of the critical acceleration are established. The corresponding results are compared with the prediction results from the limit equilibrium method. This comparison shows that the proposed critical acceleration model has higher predictive accuracy than the limit equilibrium method, especially when the Hoek-Brown failure criterion is used to evaluate the slopes with angles greater than 60°. The proposed model is applicable to the global scope and can be effectively applied to regional seismic landslide hazard assessments.
Multivariate Early Warning Method for Rockburst Monitoring Based on Microseismic Activity Characteristics
Authors: Yu Qun , Zhao Danchen , Xia Yingjie , Jin Shengji , Zheng Jian , Meng Qingkun , Mu Chaoqian , Zhao Jingchi
Published: January 2022

The monitoring of rockburst is one of the worldwide problems in underground engineering and how to effectively predict and early warn the occurrence of rockburst disasters has become an urgent problem to be solved. In this article, the high rockburst occurrence section of the deep diversion tunnel of Jinping Hydropower Station on the yalong River is taken as the research object. Based on the microseismic monitoring technology and combined with the principle of seismology with qualitative analysis and quantitative calculation, the distribution law of “time, space, and intensity” of microseismic activity and the change law of source parameters time series are used as the precursor characteristics of rockburst early warning. Based on these, the internal relationship between the microseismic activity and the rockburst micro-fracture was studied. The monitoring results show that the rockburst occurred before has obvious micro-fracture precursors. The microseismic activity is a self-organizing process from spatial disordered dispersion to ordered concentration. The abnormal changes in source parameters such as density of microseismic events, seismic energy density, the cumulative volume, energy index, 3S index, and b values can be used as a warning identification of rockburst. Therefore, the multivariate early warning method for rockburst monitoring based on the comprehensive analysis of source parameters in the deep tunnel is proposed. The prediction accuracy of this method is up to 80.6%, and it can provide reference for the rockburst prediction, warning, and safe construction of such tunnel engineering.
Identification of Shared Genes and Pathways in Periodontitis and Type 2 Diabetes by Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Kang Junho , Kwon Eun Jung , Ha Mihyang , Lee Hansong , Yu Yeuni , Kang Ji Wan , Kim Yeongjoo , Lee Eun Young , Joo Ji-Young , Heo Hye Jin , Kim Eun Kyoung , Kim Tae Woo , Kim Yun Hak , Park Hae Ryoun
Published: January 2022

Introduction

It is well known that the presence of diabetes significantly affects the progression of periodontitis and that periodontitis has negative effects on diabetes and diabetes-related complications. Although this two-way relationship between type 2 diabetes and periodontitis could be understood through experimental and clinical studies, information on common genetic factors would be more useful for the understanding of both diseases and the development of treatment strategies.

Materials and Methods

Gene expression data for periodontitis and type 2 diabetes were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. After preprocessing of data to reduce heterogeneity, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between disease and normal tissue were identified using a linear regression model package. Gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genome pathway enrichment analyses were conducted using R package ‘vsn’. A protein-protein interaction network was constructed using the search tool for the retrieval of the interacting genes database. We used molecular complex detection for optimal module selection. CytoHubba was used to identify the highest linkage hub gene in the network.

Results

We identified 152 commonly DEGs, including 125 upregulated and 27 downregulated genes. Through common DEGs, we constructed a protein-protein interaction and identified highly connected hub genes. The hub genes were up-regulated in both diseases and were most significantly enriched in the Fc gamma R-mediated phagocytosis pathway.

Discussion

We have identified three up-regulated genes involved in Fc gamma receptor-mediated phagocytosis, and these genes could be potential therapeutic targets in patients with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes.
Association of Brachial Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity With New Onset Stroke in Hypertensive Patients Aged Less Than 65 With Normal Fasting Glucose Among Chinese Community-Based Population
Authors: Li Cao , Wang Zhuo , Liu Shuai , Guo Shanshan , Song Yun , Liu Lishun , Zhou Ziyi , Wang Binyan , Huang Meiqing , Wang Ruiqing , Zhai Lijie , Gao Yiming , Qin Xianhui , Wang Xiaobin , Zheng Huaguang , Zhao Zhigang
Published: January 2022

Background

Previous studies have shown an association of stroke and brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). However, due to limitations on total population size and small numbers of stroke cases, lack of power has prevented further detection among subgroups such as age and laboratory testing.

Methods

A total of 19217 participants including 660 incident stroke patients were pooled in the present study. Participants were divided to 2 groups, aged less than 65 years [56.0 (50.0, 61.0)] and aged 65 years or more [70.0 (67.0, 74.0)].

Results

After adjustment for demographic, anthropometric, and laboratory parameters, the incident stroke was positively associated to baPWV in the group aged less than 65 years (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 1.05–1.28), but not in the older group aged 65 or more. When baPWV was assigned as quartiles, a significant, increased risk of new-onset stroke was found in quartiles 3-4 compared with quartile 1. In addition, the predictive value of baPWV for incident stroke was modified by fasting glucose in participants aged less than 65 years (P-interaction = 0.010). An increase in baPWV was strongly, positively associated to new-onset stroke in the subgroup of normal fasting glucose (< 5.6 mmol/L) (OR, 1.34; 95% CI, 1.15 - 1.57), but no effect was seen in the impaired fasting glucose (5.6-7.0 mmol/L) or diabetic fasting glucose (> 7.0 mmol/L) subgroups.

Conclusions

Increased baPWV was significantly associated with new-onset stroke in a hypertensive population aged less than 65 years. Particularly, it is of great importance to monitor baPWV for predicting incident stroke in “relatively healthy” hypertensive patients, i.e. aged less than 65 years with normal fasting glucose.