bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Porcine circovirus 2d associated with stillborn mummified foetus of pig
Authors: H B VIDYARANI , DAS TARENI , SAIKUMAR G
Published: May 2024

Recurrent occurrence of stillborn piglets was noticed along with live births during farrowing in pigs in an organized pig farm of Uttar Pradesh. On detailed post mortem examination, externally, the foetus was found to be partially dehydrated and dark brown in colour with shrunken eyes. Internally, visceral organs including lungs, heart, kidneys, liver, spleen and intestine were partially dehydrated and dark brown in colour. Upon molecular investigation, the pooled tissue samples were found positive for porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) infection using PCR technique and further confirmed the PCV2d genotype by DNA sequencing. Other most possible infections including porcine parvoviral infection (PPV), PCV3 and porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus infection (PRRS) were found negative using PCR and RT-PCR techniques, respectively. This result is suggestive of role of PCV2d as a possible etiological agent to cause stillbirth and mummification of porcine foetuses.
Putting sustainable design practices at the heart of the IStructE exams
Authors: Lewis Michael
Published: May 2024

Michael Lewis, Examinations and PRI Manager, outlines recent changes to Institution membership exams that address matters relating to sustainable design.
Cody Dock Rolling Bridge, London – innovation through collaboration
Authors: Jacquemot Alfred , Nelson Robert , Lucas Tim , Knight David , Randall-Page Thomas
Published: May 2024

Cody Dock, near the mouth of London's River Lea, is being brought back into use following years of dereliction. A new steel footbridge was commissioned to span over the dock mouth. The bridge allows the passage of vessels into the dock by rolling along a track such that the deck turns upside down and is lifted clear of the navigation envelope. The bridge is carefully counterweighted so the centre of gravity is approximately level, allowing the 13.2t structure to roll using only a hand-cranked winch. Despite the simplicity of this movement, the design process and fabrication revealed complex and unique engineering challenges. This article gives an overview of these, as well as discussing in more detail how certain complexities associated with the delivery of the project were overcome.
Managing Health & Safety Risks (No. 49): Slips, trips and falls
Authors:   The Institution of Structural Engineers' Health and Safety Panel
Published: May 2024

This article shows how day-to-day good housekeeping on construction sites is necessary to ensure that slip or trip hazards are minimised.
ANALISIS PRODUKTIVITAS BATCHING PLANT DI PT. MERAK JAYA BETON
Authors: Ramadhan M. Fathin , Haliza Nadya Nur , Anggraeni Kharisma Dewi
Published: May 2024

Produktivitas Batching Plant merupakan faktor kunci dalam menentukan efisiensi dan keberhasilan proyek konstruksi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis produktivitas Batching Plant di PT. Merak Jaya Beton, dengan fokus pada Batching Plant KarangPilang, selama bulan September dan Oktober 2023. Metode penelitian melibatkan pengumpulan data primer melalui observasi dan wawancara langsung di lapangan, serta pengumpulan data sekunder dari informasi perusahaan. Produktivitas Batching Plant diukur dengan menggunakan rumus produktivitas berdasarkan volume beton yang diproduksi dalam suatu periode waktu. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa produktivitas Batching Plant KarangPilang mencapai rata-rata sekitar 26 m³/jam selama kedua bulan tersebut. Meskipun berada di bawah batas maksimum harian yang dapat dicapai, yaitu 60 m³/jam, produktivitas tersebut masih mencapai sekitar 44,08% dan 43,53% dari batas maksimum pada bulan September dan Oktober, berturut-turut. Faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi fluktuasi nilai produktivitas harian melibatkan penyesuaian jadwal pengiriman berdasarkan permintaan dari pihak proyek. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan bagi PT. Merak Jaya Beton untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan kinerja operasional Batching Plant KarangPilang dalam upaya menjaga kompetitivitasnya di pasar konstruksi.
ANALISIS POTENSI DAERAH RESAPAN AIR DI KABUPATEN BULELENG MENGGUNAKAN APLIKASI ARCGIS
Authors: Putri Sherly Andita , Rozi Ahmad Fatkhur , Setyabudi Yanuar
Published: May 2024

Perkembangan permukiman di Kabupaten Buleleng, Bali, mempengaruhi kualitas air dan proses infiltrasi tanah. Dengan luas wilayah 1365,88 km² dan populasi 664 ribu jiwa, perubahan penggunaan lahan, khususnya pertumbuhan permukiman baru, menurunkan tingkat infiltrasi tanah sehingga dapat menimbulkan berkurangnya daerah resapan air. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi daerah resapan air di Kabupaten Buleleng dengan pendekatan Sistem Informasi Geografi (SIG) dan dengan menggunakan aplikasi ArcGis versi 10.2. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu dengan menentukan lokasi persebaran resapan air di Kabupaten Buleleng dari proses skoring dan tumpang susun peta-peta tematik (overlay) dengan menggunakan lima parameter yang mempengaruhi resapan air suatu wilayah, yaitu jenis tanah, curah hujan, kemiringan lereng, geology, dan penggunaan lahan. Dari Hasil pembobotan (skoring) tersebut diperoleh lima kelas kriteria kondisi resapan air yaitu kondisi mulai sangat kritis sebesar 43,241 kondisi buruk sebesar 37,241, kondisi agak buruk sebesar 31,241, kondisi baik sebesar 24,241, dan kondisi agak baik sebesar 15,24.
PELAKSANAAN PEKERJAAN PONDASI BUJUR SANGKAR (STUDI PROYEK PEMBANGUNAN GEDUNG RESTO CAFE 5 LANTAI JL. PAHLAWAN NO. 3 SIDOARJO)
Authors: PUTRA FERDIANSYAH , Satria Pradana  , Eza Dafa Pratama  , Jessica Oktaviani Janny
Published: May 2024

Pelaksanaan proyek konstruksi ini pada Proyek Pembangunan Gedung Resto Cafe 5 Lantai akan membutuhkan pendekatan inovatif untuk menyelesaikan masalah konstruksi yang tidak sesuai. Oleh karena itu, penerapan mode konstruksi dapat membantu menyelesaikan konstruksi. Pondasi merupakan bagian bawah bangunan bangunan yang menahan dengan gaya-gaya beban atas. Pemilihan metode konstruksi pondasi mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap keakuratan konstrusksi. Tanah juga memiliki perbedaan kondisi dengan rencana seperti, kelembaban tanah akibat hujan, tiang yang menimbulkan kebisingan, pencemaran udara, dan faktor lainnya. Pondasi harus diperhatikan untuk menjamin kestabilan terhadap gaya luar seperti berat bangunan sendiri, beban isi bangunan, tekanan angina, dan gempa bumi. Pondasi terdiri dua jenis yaitu pondasi dangkal dan pondasi dalam. Dalam proyek ini berdasarkan data yang diperoleh hasil sondir untuk struktur angunan 44 meter. Dan proyek ini menggunakan tiang pancang karena relatif, pengirimian yang signifikan. Dan pada proyek ini menggukan metode konstruksi tiang pancang yaitu metode jack-in-pile yang dapat mengurangi polusi suara lingkungan.
EFFICACY OF PHYTOEXTRACTS AND OILS OF CERTAIN MEDICINAL PLANTS AGAINST CERCOSPORA MORICOLA COOKE., INCITANT OF MULBERRY (MORUSALBA L.) LEAF SPOT
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, School of Herbal Studies & Naturo Sciences, Dravidian University, Kuppam-517425, Andhra Pradesh,India., Raja Gopal Reddy C , Nirmala R S ,   Department of Biotechnology, School of Herbal Studies & Naturo Sciences, Dravidian University, Kuppam-517425, Andhra Pradesh,India., Ramanamma C H ,   N. S. P. R. Govt. Degree College for Women, Hindupur – 515 201, Andhra Pradesh, India
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Certain phytoextracts and plant oils were treated in vitro for their antifungal efficacy against the growth of Cercospora moricola Cooke, the incitant of leaf spot of Mulberry (Morus alba L.). Highest mycelial growth inhibition (72.59%) was recorded in Eucalyptus globules with 10% concentration. The next best plant extracts are, Oscimum sanctum (49.08%), Phyllanthus emblica (46.75%), Aloe barbedensis (45.75%), Allium sativum L. (41.08%) and Azadirachta indica (35.25%). Plant oils viz., Madhuca indica oil (3%) Cymbopogon citratus oil (0.05%) and neem oil (3%) also inhibited the mycelial growth of the fungus with 75.73%, 73.22% and 24.44% respectively, when compared to control. All the tested phytoextracts showed more or less inhibitory effect on mycelial growth on dry weight basis. Growth inhibition ranged from 49.24% to 60.12%. Significantly, the highest inhibition was recorded in Eucalyptus globules (10%) with 60.12%, followed by Aloe barbedensis (57.37%),Oscimum sanctum (56.40%), Phyllanthus emblica (54.26%), Allium sativum L.(51.68%) and Azadirachta indica (50.81%). In case of oils, neem oil (3%) showed highest per cent inhibition (40.44%), when compared to Madhuca indica oil (3%) with 40.23% and Cymbopogon citratus – (0.05%) with 30.62%.
BIOEFFICACY OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODE, STEINERNEMA SP. ISOLATED FROM TIMOR ISLAND AS BIOINSECTICIDE ON SWEET POTATO WEEVIL, CYLAS FORMICARIUS (FABR.) (COLEOPTERA: BRENTIDAE)
Authors:   Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia., Santoso Teguh , Bunga Jacqualine Arriani ,   Department of Food and Horticulture Crops, State Agriculture Polytechnic, Kupang, Indonesia., Supramana Supramana ,   Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia.
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT Bioefficacy of entomopathogenic nematode belongs to the genus Steinernema sp. were tested against mealworm Tenebrio mollitor with 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 juveniles (IJs)/30 mealworm larvae. LC50 value was 105 IJs/ml for mealyworm. The invasion efficiency was lower as the density of nematodes increased. At highest density (250 IJs/ml), the efficiency of invasion of nematodes was 24.5 % whereas at lowest density (50 IJs/ml) the invasion efficiency reached 33%. For LT50 calculation, 30 larvae were put in contact with the nematode (density 250 IJs/ml) during 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 hours. Mortality was recorded 48 hours after the contact periods, and LT50 value was obtained at 7.7 hours. After two weeks, nematode population could reach ca. 40,000 IJs/larva, 35,000 IJs/pupa and 29,000 IJs/imago. When applied using density 50 IJs/ml against Cylas formicarius, the nematode population grew up to ca. 4000 IJs/larva, 3600 IJs/pupa and 3400 IJs/imago with invasion efficiency of 10%, 8% and 7% respectively. A series of nematode density 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 and 3.0 x 104 IJs were poured on the soil surface in the plastic container where sweet potato tuber were buried. The tubers were previously and artificially infested by five pairs of weevil. Although in general the difference between treatments is not significant, the result showed that high mortality (>70%) of larva, pupa and adult of C. formicarius was observed in each tuber. It is concluded that the isolated nematode was not difficult to propagate in vivo, and their mobility to search and kill the weevil seemed promising as bioinsecticide.
INFLUENCE OF GROWTH MEDIA ON PATHOGENICITY OF METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE ( METSCH) SOROKIN AGAINST CHILO PARTELLUS ( SWINHOE)
Authors:   Department of Biotechnology, Sathyabama University, Jeppiaar Nagar, Old Mamallapuram, Chennai-600 119, Tamil Nadu, India., Karthick Raja Namasivayam S , Vinoth Kumar P ,   Department of Biotechnology, Sathyabama University, Jeppiaar Nagar, Old Mamallapuram, Chennai-600 119, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: May 2024

ABSTRACT The present study was undertaken to evaluate various liquid growth media viz sabouraud dextrose, sabouraud sucrose, sabouraud maltose supplemented with yeast extract, potato dextrose and coconut water derived coniospores and blastospores on sorghum stem borer Chilo partellus ( Swinhoe)Among the media, the conidia harvested from sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth ( SMYB),potato dextrose broth and coconut water were found to be pathogenic to all the larval instars of C.partellus. However, blastospores derived from none of the media did cause mortality
Mental Health Literacy and Attitude Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help Among Iranian Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Fazlifar Kosar , Jorbonyan Abdolhakim , Rafati Lemraski Mina , Papi Shahab
Published: May 2024

Background: Considering the rising prevalence of mental health issues among older adults and potential barriers to treatment seeking, investigating mental health literacy and attitudes toward professional psychological services in this demographic is crucial for enhancing access to care and fostering psychological well-being. Objectives: This study aimed to explore the association between mental health literacy (MHL) and attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help (ATSPPH) among older adults attending health centers in Amol, Mazandaran, Iran, in 2023. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 128 older adults attending health centers in Amol, Mazandaran, Iran, in 2023. Participants were selected using cluster random sampling and completed research instruments including O'Connor and Casey's Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS) and the short form of Attitude Toward Seeking Professional Psychological Help (ATSPPH-S). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-tests, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson's correlation coefficient in SPSS 24 software. Results: The Pearson correlation coefficient revealed a positive and significant relationship between older adults' level of MHL and their ATSPPH (r = 0.28, P < 0.05). Tukey's post hoc test indicated a significant association between older adults' MHL and their educational level. Additionally, independent t-test results demonstrated a significant correlation between ATSPPH and gender as well as the history of visiting a psychologist or psychiatrist (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The study findings suggest that higher levels of MHL among older adults are associated with an increased willingness to seek professional psychological help. Therefore, initiatives aimed at enhancing MHL through education and promotion may play a vital role in encouraging older adults to seek appropriate support.
Anaerobic Performance and Competitive Experience in Elite Taekwondo Athletes
Authors: Laurin Lynda Louise
Published: May 2024

Introduction: In taekwondo, anaerobic performance is essential due to the nature of the explosive and high-intensity actions that characterize this sport. Objective: To determine the relationship between anaerobic performance variables and competitive experience in elite taekwondo athletes. Methodology: This research is quantitative in nature and is based on a quasi-experimental observational design with a descriptive-correlational approach. The study was conducted with elite taekwondo athletes who are part of the sports camps associated with the United States Taekwondo National Governing Body (USAT) in the year 2023. Anaerobic performance assessment was conducted using the RAST Test, and competitive experience was considered as the number of sports competitions participated in throughout the athlete's sporting career. Results: Strong positive relationships were identified between the variables of minimum power (0.070, p<0.129) and mean power (0.074, p<0.108) with competitive experience. Additionally, a moderately positive correlation was observed between the variables of relative power (0.050, p<0.281), maximum power (0.068, p<0.139), and anaerobic capacity (0.063, p<0.174) with competitive experience. Lastly, a low positive correlation was found between the fatigue index variable (0.033, p<0.478) and competitive experience. It is worth noting that none of the variables reached statistical significance. Conclusion: There is no significant relationship between the RAST test variables and competitive experience, suggesting that competitive experience did not influence performance in this anaerobic fitness test.
Peningkatan Pemberian ASI Eksklusif Melalui Program KAMPAS (Keluarga Paham dan Patuh ASI Eksklusif) pada Ibu Hamil di Wilayah Batu Ceper
Authors: Ismail Dwi Yuniaty , Fadhlillah Dio , Sitoayu Laras , Rahmawati Dian , Fitri Yuni Pradilla , Tambunan Maria , Sumitra Putri Azahra , Marpaung Mutiara Rulina
Published: May 2024

Edukasi Program KAMPAS bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan Ibu Hamil mengenai pentingnya ASI Eksklusif serta pemenuhan kebutuhan asupan Ibu selama Hamil. Berdasarkan hasil survei, sebanyak 17.9% bayi tidak memperoleh ASI Eksklusif di Wilayah Puskesmas Batu Ceper. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah edukasi dengan pre dan post-test, kuis interaktif, praktik pijat laktasi serta diskusi dan tanya jawab. Hasil dari Program KAMPAS membuktikan bahwa program ini efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan Ibu Hamil sebesar 24 poin. Diharapkan program ini dapat berkelanjutan dan pada akhirnya mampu meningkatkan cakupan pemberian ASI Eksklusif.
Pelatihan Menyusun Anggaran Untuk UMKM Di Desa Pahawang
Authors: Surya Andi , Yunindra Andri Eka , Mega Sari  , Salsabrina Wndo Putri Deffi  , Syifaus Salwa
Published: May 2024

Strategi pengembangan Desa Wisata Pahawang sangat penting bagi desa yang tidak mempunyai wisata alami. Hal ini ditujukan agar Desa Wisata Pahawang yang dikembangkan dapat bertahan dan terus meningkat seiring dengan berjalannya waktu. Jika Desa Wisata Pahawang dikelola dengan baik, maka diharapkan akan membantu meningkatkkan pendapatan Desa dan terutama warga masyarakat pengelola serta masyarakat sekitar Desa Wisata Pahawang. Tujuan diadakaanya kegiatan Program Kemitraan Masyarakat pada Masyarakat Desa Wisata Pahawang adalah : Pengembangan Potensi Desa Pahawang Sebagai Desa Wisata Dalam Upaya Peningkatan Ekonomi Masyarakat. Hasil dari kegiatan ini adalah membantu masyarakat dalam pengembangan desa seperti promosi  wisata di sosial media.
Edukasi Kebersihan Diri dan Gizi Seimbang pada Anak Sekolah Dasar Negeri 03 Cisantana Kabupaten Kuningan
Authors: Nova Oktavia  , Angga Anugra Diputra  , Rina Nurhayatina  , Herliningsih
Published: May 2024

Tujuan Edukasi ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran Siswa-Siswi Sekolah Dasar terhadap kebersihan diri dan makanan sehat dalam mewujudkan generasi yang sehat, kuat dan berprestasi disepanjang masa. Berdasarkan hasil observasi di sekolah belum semua siswa/siswi menggunakan sarana tersebut untuk mencuci tangan dan sekolah memiliki toilet namun kebersihan kurang terjaga. Sekolah memiliki kantin namun jajajan yang tersedia kurang bervariasi dan belum memperhatikan kandungan gizi yang baik. Kegiatan edukasi ini menggunakan metode ceramah tanya jawab, demonstrasi. Adapun media/peralatan yang digunakan diantaranya poster, brosur dan proyektor. Hasil kegiatan ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan pemahaman dan keterampilan pada siswa/i setelah dilakukan edukasi yaitu siswa/i mampu menjelaskan kembali dengan memberikan contoh-contoh mengenai gizi seimbang, makanan dan jajanan sehat serta mampu mempraktekkan kembali langkah-langkah hidup bersih dan sehat
Edukasi Perilaku Hidup Bersih dan Sehat (PHBS) pada Anak Sekolah Dasar di Dukuh Madigondo, Desa Sidoharjo, Kapanewon Samigaluh Kabupaten Kulon Progo
Authors: Siti Kurnia Widi Hastuti  , Khoyrul Nur Khosyh  , Rokhmayanti Rokhmayanti , Fardhiasih Dwi Astuti  , Syah Putri Sely Aprianda
Published: May 2024

The emergence of various diseases that often attack school-aged children (6-10 years) is generally related to clean and healthy lifestyle. Therefore, instilling clean and healthy lifestyle values ​​in schools is an absolute necessity and can be done through a school health approach. This community service aims to increase students' knowledge regarding clean and healthy living behavior at school, with the hope of creating a healthy school structure. The method used is face-to-face counseling in class, good and correct hand washing practices, and group exercise. Evaluation of the success of activities is carried out by conducting pretests and posttests. The results obtained were that the counseling went well and smoothly and participants actively asked questions and participated in the activity until it was finished. Evaluation of the outreach shows that the community feels this activity is very useful and increases understanding regarding the importance of implementing clean and healthy living behavior at school.
Upaya Pencegahan Stunting Melalui Pengukuran Status Gizi pada Remaja Putri
Authors: Khairani Nurul , Ujang Effendi Santoso , Suryani Suryani , Prisilia Yulianti Ega , Arada Iza , Sukmadia Tari , Puspita Dela , Badio Putra Habzi , Emilia Zilva
Published: May 2024

Remaja putri adalah calon ibu untuk generasi selanjutnya. Status gizi ibu yang buruk merupakan salah satu faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada balita. Diperlukannya pengukuran status gizi pada remaja putri dalam rangka memperbaiki status gizinya untuk dapat memutus mata rantai kejadian stunting pada balita. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui status gizi siswi SMAN 2 Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah. Metode pelaksanaan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dilakukan dengan mengukur tinggi badan, berat badan, dan lingkar lengan atas (LILA) siswi. Kegiatan dilaksanakan tanggal 21 Juli 2023 di SMAN 2 Kabupaten Bengkulu Tengah dengan jumlah peserta sebanyak 34 siswi. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 9,0% berstatus gizi kurang, 3,0% gizi lebih, 11,0% obesitas, 26,0% berisiko KEK, dan 14,0% siswi stunted. Diharapkan kepada pihak sekolah untuk dapat melakukan pemeriksaan status gizi siswi secara berkala dan melakukan edukasi gizi seimbang  untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan para siswi dapat menerapkan gizi seimbang seimbang dalam kehidupan sehari-hari sehingga dapat mencapai status gizi yang optimal.
Tathmini ya Matumizi ya Akili Unde Kama Nyenzo ya Kutafsiri Matini za Kiingereza Kwenda Kiswahili
Authors: Jilala Hadija
Published: May 2024

Dhana ya akili unde au akili bandia inarejelea mwigo au ukadiriaji wa akili ya binadamu katika mashine. Lengo la akili unde ni pamoja na matumizi ya kompyuta yaliyoboreshwa kuhoji na kutambua mambo anuwai unde na ya tasnia mbalimbali (Jurafsky na Martin, 2020). Makala hii inalenga kutathmini matumizi ya akili unde kama nyenzo ya kutafsiri matini za Kiingereza kwenda Kiswahili. Data ya makala hii imekusanywa maktabani kwa kupitia maandiko na pia uwandani kwa kuwahoji wanataaluma mbalimbali. Uchambuzi na uwasilishaji wa data ya makala hii umeongozwa na Mkabala wa Uchambuzi wa Maudhui ya Krippendorff (2004). Matokeo ya uchunguzi yanaonesha kuwa akili unde ina ubora kwa vile hufanya kazi kwa kasi, gharama ni nafuu, urahisi, kutafsiri lugha nyingi na unyumbufu wa kuunganishwa na teknolojia nyingine. Kwa upande mwingine makala hii imebainisha udhaifu wa matumizi ya akili unde kama vile kutozingatia muktadha, kukosa ubunifu, tofauti za kiisimu, kukosa usalama na upinzani wa wanaisimu. Kutokana na udhaifu huo, Makala hii inapendekeza kuwa uwekwe uangalizi wa binadamu katika mifumo, kushughulikia utata, kuboresha mifumo kila muda, kuwekwe sehemu ya maoni ya mtumiaji na matumizi ya mbinu msetu. Hivyo, ni muhimu kuweka usawa kati ya ufanisi wa mashine na uelewa wa watafsiri wa kibinadamu katika uendelezaji na utekelezaji wa akili unde katika tafsiri.
Challenges in establishing an ASEAN peacekeeping force
Authors:   , Diewvilai Thanaphat
Published: May 2024

This research consults with the "norm’s life cycle" under international norm dynamics concept to identify and analyze the challenges in establishing an ASEAN Peacekeeping Force. This study argues that the emergent norm of establishing an ASEAN Peacekeeping Force has not yet reached the threshold to transition into the second stage of norm cascade where it is widely embraced by ASEAN member states; and the norm has not reached the stage of norm internalization where it is accepted within the practices of ASEAN. The presence of  long-standing and powerful norms within the "ASEAN Way" hinders the advancement and full integration of this new norm within the ASEAN framework.

However, establishing an ASEAN Peacekeeping Force is not impossible. An equilibrium between preserving the core norms of the ASEAN Way and adapting to the requirements of United Nations peacekeeping operations is necessitated to overcome these obstacles. ASEAN member states are expected to prioritize the interests of the organization over those of individual nations.
การศึกษาความเป็นไปได้เชิงพาณิชย์สำหรับเครื่องดื่มเยลลี่โปรตีนสูงจากโปรตีนเวย์
Authors:   , สิงหะสุริยะ ธนเสฏฐ์
Published: May 2024

สารนิพนธ์ฉบับนี้ศึกษาความเป็นไปได้เชิงพาณิชย์ของผลิตภัณฑ์เครื่องดื่มเยลลี่โปรตีนสูงจากโปรตีนเวย์ เนื่องจากในปัจจุบันผู้บริโภคตระหนักถึงการดูแลสุขภาพมากขึ้นจากหลายปัจจัย ดังนั้นผู้วิจัยจึงเล็งเห็นโอกาสในการตอบสนองความต้องการของผู้บริโภคดังกล่าว รวมถึงความสนใจในการพัฒนาผลิตภัณฑ์เครื่องดื่มเยลลี่โปรตีนสูงจากโปรตีนเวย์ด้วยเทคโนโลยี จึงนำงานวิจัยดังกล่าวมาศึกษาความเป็นไปได้ในเชิงพาณิชย์ เพื่อประเมินศักยภาพตลาดและพัฒนาต้นแบบผลิตภัณฑ์ จากการสัมภาษณ์เชิงลึกกับกลุ่มตัวอย่างที่ให้ความสนใจในด้านสุขภาพจำนวน 15 คน และสำรวจการยอมรับในผลิตภัณฑ์เครื่องดื่มเยลลี่โปรตีนสูงจากโปรตีนเวย์ จากกลุ่มตัวอย่างจำนวน 400 คน และนำผลการศึกษาดังกล่าวมาออกแบบกลยุทธ์ทางการตลาดที่เหมาะสมสำหรับผลิตภัณฑ์เครื่องดื่มเยลลี่โปรตีนสูงจากโปรตีนเวย์เพื่อต่อยอดในเชิงพาณิชย์

จากผลการสัมภาษณ์เชิงลึก พบว่ากลุ่มผู้บริโภคเป้าหมายคาดหวังให้ผลิตภัณฑ์เครื่องดื่มเยลลี่โปรตีนสูงคือต้องการผลลัพธ์ที่ได้จากการรับประทาน ราคาที่จับต้องได้ และคุณภาพของผลิตภัณฑ์ จากการสำรวจการยอมรับในผลิตภัณฑ์ พบว่าผู้บริโภคมีความสนใจในผลิตภัณฑ์เครื่องดื่มเยลลี่โปรตีนสูงจากโปรตีนเวย์ร้อยละ 81.3 ประเด็นสำคัญในการพิจารณาในการออกแบบกลยุทธ์ทางการตลาดคือ ช่องทางการจัดจำหน่ายที่ผู้บริโภคที่สามารถเข้าถึงได้ง่าย รวดเร็ว และความสะดวกสบายด้านสถานที่จัดจำหน่าย สำหรับผู้บริโภคเลือกซื้อเครื่องดื่มโปรตีนเวย์เพื่อต้องการสร้างกล้ามเนื้อเป็นหลัก การพิจารณาในการออกแบบกลยุทธ์ทางการตลาดคือ ชนิด และคุณภาพของโปรตีนเวย์ที่ผู้บริโภคจะได้รับ เนื่องจากผู้บริโภคเน้นผลลัพธ์ที่ได้จากการทานโปรตีนเวย์

จากการศึกษาความเป็นไปได้ทางการเงินจากการจ้างผลิต (OEM) แทนการจัดตั้งโรงงานผลิต โดยมีเงินลงทุนเริ่มต้น 2,100,000 บาท ซึ่งจากการวิเคราะห์ผลตอบแทนทางการเงินในกรณีปกติ (Base case) ที่จำหน่ายผลิตภัณฑ์ในราคา 25 บาท โดยผลการคาดคะเนส่วนแบ่งตลาดที่ร้อยละ 5 พบว่ามีความคุ้มค่าในการลงทุน เนื่องจากธุรกิจสามารถสร้างกำไรซึ่งมีมูลค่าปัจจุบันสุทธิของธุรกิจ (NPV) เป็นบวก เท่ากับ 31,527,319 บาท และอัตราผลตอบแทนที่แท้จริง (IRR) เป็นบวก เท่ากับ 145.5%  และมีระยะเวลาคืนทุนของธุรกิจ (Payback Period) เท่ากับ 1.38 ปี จึงสรุปได้ว่าผลิตภัณฑ์เครื่องดื่มเยลลี่โปรตีนสูงจากโปรตีนเวย์มีความเป็นไปได้ในการพัฒนาสู่เชิงพาณิชย์
Music reminiscence in music therapy for elderly population: a scoping review of the literature
Authors:   , Kwankeeree Jugyodsapatn
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this scoping review was to summarize the specific music interventions and clinical goals utilized in music-based reminiscence for elderly population with and without neurocognitive disorders. Fourteen articles meeting the inclusion criteria were selected in this review. The results showed music-based reminiscence interventions were conducted by both music therapists and non-music therapists. Interventions implemented by music therapists showed a greater diversity based on numerous goal domains compared to non-music therapists. Music therapists assess various domains of health comprehensively, while other professionals mostly used music-based reminiscence intervention to address mainly the cognitive domain. The most frequently utilized music intervention to induce reminiscence were music listening and singing. The most commonly used specific music strategies include the use of familiar songs considering participants’ ages. However, the specific music strategies employed by music therapists tend to be more diverse, involving a variety of songs and the use of live music, which requires the musical skills of the music therapist. In conclusion, music-based reminiscence is a valuable intervention method with multiple benefits in the domains of quality of life, cognitive, and emotional well-being for the elderly population, both with and without neurocognitive disorders.
Research on Chinese Language Education Policy and Chinese Language Education Development in Thailand
Authors:   , Zeng Mengyao
Published: May 2024

Development of Chinese language Education in Thailand is highly typical, not only leading in global Chinese language education but also pioneering numerous firsts. Thailand was the first country to incorporate Chinese into its national education system, the first to invite Chinese language teacher volunteers from China, and the first to establish Confucius Classrooms. Over a century, Thai Chinese language education has experienced both prosperous "springs" and challenging "winters."
In recent years, with the warming of Sino-Thai relations and the increased attention from the Thai Ministry of Education, the number of Mandarin learners has surged, marking a period of significant development for Chinese language education in Thailand. To fully capitalize on this opportunity, various issues potentially constraining the development of Chinese language education must be adequately addressed. This research divides the historical development of Chinese language education in Thailand into three stages: germination, gradual decline, and comprehensive development. It deeply explores the policies at each stage, examining multifaceted factors influencing its progress.
Analyzing the current implementation of Chinese language education policies in Thailand, the research identifies challenges, including teacher resources, lack of unified teaching materials, and chaotic market supervision. These challenges pose potential obstacles to the sustained development of Chinese language education in Thailand. To overcome these issues, the research suggests the Thai government formulate unified teaching materials and curricula. Additionally, it recommends enhancing training for Thai Chinese teachers and establishing a comprehensive teacher assessment mechanism to ensure the quality of Chinese language instruction. The research concludes by proposing collaboration between China and Thailand, creating a resource-sharing platform through technology to propel Chinese language education in Thailand into a new era.
Thailand's Role in ASEAN's Preventive Diplomacy
Authors:   , Waenalai Usaimeen
Published: May 2024

This research delves into Thailand's pivotal role in the context of ASEAN's preventive diplomacy efforts, aiming to provide a nuanced understanding of the nation's contributions and challenges in maintaining regional stability and conflict prevention. As a key member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), Thailand's diplomatic engagements have significant implications for the collective security of the region. The study employs a multidimensional approach, combining historical analysis, policy evaluation, and case studies to elucidate the evolution of Thailand's preventive diplomacy strategies within the ASEAN framework. The research begins by examining the foundational principles and historical antecedents of preventive diplomacy, both globally and within the ASEAN region. It delves into the conceptual evolution of preventive diplomacy, identifying key milestones and paradigm shifts in diplomatic practices aimed at forestalling conflicts. This historical context serves as a backdrop for understanding Thailand's adaptive approach to preventive diplomacy within the ASEAN framework. examining Thailand's historical involvement in regional conflicts and crises, highlighting the nation's diplomatic initiatives and peacebuilding endeavors. It investigates the factors that shape Thailand's foreign policy decisions and its evolving role as a mediator and facilitator in regional disputes. Furthermore, the study explores the effectiveness of Thailand's diplomatic interventions in preventing and mitigating potential conflicts within the ASEAN community. A crucial aspect of the research involves an assessment of the challenges and limitations faced by Thailand in its pursuit of preventive diplomacy. This includes an examination of domestic considerations, geopolitical complexities, and the evolving nature of regional security threats. By analyzing case studies of specific diplomatic engagements, the research aims to identify patterns, successes, and areas for improvement in Thailand's role as a proactive force in preventing conflicts within ASEAN. The study also investigates the collaborative dynamics between Thailand and other ASEAN member states, exploring the mechanisms through which collective preventive diplomacy is formulated and implemented. It assesses the effectiveness of regional cooperation and the extent to which ASEAN member states leverage their collective influence to address emerging challenges and tensions. In conclusion, this research contributes to the academic discourse on preventive diplomacy within the ASEAN framework, offering insights into Thailand's unique position and its impact on regional peace and stability. The findings of this study may inform policymakers, scholars, and practitioners interested in understanding the complexities of preventive diplomacy in the ASEAN context, ultimately fostering a more secure and harmonious Southeast Asian region.
Digital ethics : a teaching handbook
Authors: Frischherz Bruno , Millar Gordon
Published: May 2024

This "Digital Ethics" handbook emphasises ethics in the digital era, targeting educators in higher education. It comprises three main chapters: “Digital Ethics” covers technology-society dynamics, a range of ethical approaches and tools, and contemporary issues such as data ethics, AI ethics, and corporate digital responsibility ; “Teaching Digital Ethics” focuses on a range of teaching methods to foster ethical literacy, encouraging reflection on personal and societal values ; “Ethical Decision Making” explores professional ethics, offering a structured decision-making template and comparing human and AI decision-making. In conclusion, the text recognises the dynamic nature of digital ethics.
Peran Kepala Sekolah dalam Pembinaan Karakter Siswa di SMAK Gabriel Wanibesak
Authors: Lau Melania Habu
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study was to find out the role of the school principal in building student character at Gabriel Wanibesak High School, Lorotolus Village, Malaka District, Wewiku District, and the factors that support and hinder the role of school principals in building student character. This study used a qualitative method. Data collection techniques were carried out using observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study are as follows: First, the role of the principal at Gabriel Wanibesak High School as a leader and example for subordinates and all students of Gabriel Wanibesak High School. As a simple example shows, the two principals set a good example for all teachers, staff, and students. Always arriving on time to school, fostering, managing, and supervising school programs so they can run well, as evidenced by a teaching and learning process at school. The three school principals can perform additional roles as education managers, leaders, supervisors, and administrators. This proves that the principal's role in developing student character at SMAK Gabriel Wanibesak plays a good role.
Upaya Guru Dalam Mengoptimalkan Pembelajaran Sosiologi di SMA Negeri 8 Kupang
Authors: Auw Neri Yustina
Published: May 2024

The objectives of this study were to discover (1) sociology teachers' efforts to improve sociology learning and (2) sociology teachers' obstacles in facing the students. Qualitative methods are used in this study. Besides, observation, interviews, and documentation were used to collect data. Data reduction, data presentation, and data analysis/data verification are the data analysis techniques. The study results show teachers' efforts have been made to optimize learning. Specifically, teachers are attempting to do lesson plans, implement them in the classroom, and motivate students. However, the teacher's limitations include the need for more learning media, lack of classroom management, and lack of evaluation.
Comparative Strategy Analysis: Battle of Dien Bien Phu 1954 Vs General Attack 1 March 1949 Reflections on The History of Decolonization
Authors: Ismanto Tri Yudha , Lutvie Eko , Ahmad Irdham
Published: May 2024

The article explores the strategic comparison between the Dien Bien Phu Battle in Vietnam and the General Offensive of 1 March 1949 in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, marking crucial points in the struggle against colonialism. It delves into the historical context, military strategies, and impacts of these battles, highlighting their significance in shaping history and decolonization. Both battles shared a striking strategic similarity: using surprise attacks to overcome stronger opponents. Despite occurring in different historical and geographical contexts, both battles showcased the effectiveness of tactical superiority in achieving significant victories and influencing broader political changes, even against seemingly unbeatable opponents. The analysis emphasizes the pivotal role of these battles in ending colonial dominance and accelerating the decolonization process in Vietnam and Indonesia.
Enhancing Solid Waste Management Practices in Soroti Municipality: A Comprehensive Study
Authors:   Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Kampala  International University, Jacob Omoding , Luyiga Suzan ,   Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Kampala  International University
Published: May 2024

This study undertakes a comprehensive examination of solid waste management practices in Soroti Municipality, employing a cross-sectional survey design to gather data from a diverse sample of 314 respondents.Utilizing a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, the research explores various aspects of waste management, including collection, transportation, disposal, and treatment techniques. Sampling techniques such as basic random sampling and purposeful sampling were employed to ensure representation across demographic groups and occupational sectors. Data collection methods included interviews, questionnaires, and observations, allowing for a multifaceted analysis of the subject matter. The study presents detailed findings on respondents' demographic characteristics, including gender distribution, age distribution, occupation, marital status, and education level, providing insights into the diverse perspectives within the community. Additionally, the research examines respondents' attitudes towards solid waste management practices, revealing both strengths and weaknesses in current approaches. Analysis of the data highlights several key challenges facing Soroti Municipality in solid waste management, including limited resources, inadequate infrastructure, and a lack of community engagement. Despite these challenges, the study identifies potential solutions and opportunities for improvement. Recommendations include raising public awareness, implementing 4R strategies (reduce, reuse, recycle, recover), encouraging stakeholder participation, and investing in infrastructure and technology. By addressing these challenges and implementing recommended strategies, Soroti Municipality can work towards more sustainable and effective solid waste management practices. This not only enhances the quality of life for its residents but also contributes to environmental conservation and sustainable development in the region. Keywords: Municipal, Solid waste, Waste management, Soroti Municipality, Waste Disposal, Reform, Survey
Three Cheers for the Empirical Muckraker
Authors: Fix Blair
Published: May 2024

Data science is all the rage right now. The data scientist uses complicated algorithms and sophisticated statistics to analyze reams of ‘big data’. Don’t get me wrong — I’m all for analyzing big data. But I don’t want to forget about an equally important form of empirical research:  muckraking  . Empirical muckraking is the slow, tedious process of searching for scattered data.
Call For Papers: Energy, Institutions and Society
Authors: Fix Blair
Published: May 2024

I’ve been asked to create panels for the upcoming International Conference on Thermodynamics 2.0. The conference aims to bring natural and social sciences closer. It will take place at Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Massachusetts, USA from June 22-24, 2020. I’m calling the panel(s)  Energy, Institutions and Society  . I’m looking for research that connects energy to the structure of human society.
How Do You Spot a Crank?
Authors: Fix Blair
Published: May 2024

I confess that I have a recurring nightmare. In it, I realize that everything I’ve ever written about economics is wrong. Neoclassical economics is not, as I’ve repeatedly claimed, a pile of bullshit. In this nightmare, neoclassical economics is  correct  . And as a strident critic of neoclassical theory, I realize the horrible truth.  I’m a crank  ! I wake up in a cold sweat, wondering if I’m wasting my life.
A Tribute to David Graeber
Authors: Fix Blair
Published: May 2024

As many of you know, the anthropologist David Graeber died recently at the age of 59. Many of us are still coming to grips with this loss. Graeber was a rare individual — both a tireless activist and a superb scholar. In this guest post, teacher and a financial analyst Christophe Petit pays tribute to Graeber, his friend and mentor.
How Hierarchy Can Mediate the Returns to Education
Authors: Fix Blair
Published: May 2024

In The Social Environment as a Cause in Economics I argued that human behavior has two parts: Individual variation An environment that acts on this variation To illustrate these two parts, I used the example of the peppered moth. This species comes in two colors — black and white. Which color is better for survival? It depends on the environment. On natural-colored trees, white moths are better camouflaged. So being white is better.
Problems With Measuring Inequality
Authors: Fix Blair
Published: May 2024

Economists often talk about income inequality the same way a doctor would talk about a child’s height. Just as a doctor would say “Sylvia continues to grow taller”, economists say things like “US income inequality continues to grow”. (Full disclosure, I’m sure I’ve said similar things). On the surface, there seems to be nothing wrong with this type of pronouncement.
Understanding Income: You Can’t Get There from Here
Authors: Fix Blair
Published: May 2024

You can’t get the right answer when you ask the wrong question. This truism, I’ve come to believe, explains much of what is wrong with economics. When it comes to studying income, economists ask the wrong question. Economists, I argue, have mostly asked:  is income fair  ? The problem is that this is a  moral  question, not a scientific one. It has no scientific answer.
Biophysical Economics and the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Fix Blair
Published: May 2024

Back in January, physicist Brian Stewart asked me to give a talk to his “Radical Sustainability” class at Wesleyan University. The talk was to be in early April, and Brian offered to fly me to Connecticut for the occasion. Luckily I decided at the time to give the lecture virtually. So when the coronavirus forced us all to stay home, nothing much changed. On that note, here’s a video of the talk.
Pattern of Autoimmune Connective Tissue Diseases Among Patients Attending Al-Thawra Teaching General Hospital, Sana'a-Yemen
Authors: Alwan Asma , El-Izzi Yahya , Qayed Ahmed , Al-Adhal Adnan
Published: May 2024

Background: Connective tissue is also called connectivum. Many autoimmune diseases affect the connective tissue and blood vessels, are often referred to as connective tissue disorders. Autoimmune diseases currently are estimated to affect 2-5% of the population in the developed countries.
Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of autoimmune inflammatory connective tissue diseases among patients attending Al-Thawra teaching general hospital, Sana'a-Yemen.
Method: This study is observational prospective study conducted at Al-Thawra hospital, Sana'a-Yemen, department of internal medicine, duration of the study was 12 months. Sample size was 137.
Results: The results showed that systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis have the highest prevalence. The main clinical presentations are arthritis, leg swelling and dyspnea. The main drugs used are corticosteroids, low molecular weight heparin, and rituximab. The proportion of females to males is 3.55 to 1. The age range 20 – 30 years is the highest representing 47% of the total patients. Patients from Sana'a, Taiz, and Ibb being the most common. Illiterates represent 63%, housewives represent 72% of the total patients.
Conclusion: We conclude that autoimmune connective tissue diseases affect 8% of the total patients admitted to the internal medicine department. SLE is the most common autoimmune connective tissue disease encountered and represents 43% of total cases. Arthritis and leg swelling are the most common clinical presentations encountered; both represents 48% of the total presentations. Corticosteroids are the most common prescribed drugs, 45%. The aetiology of autoimmune connective tissue diseases is still not fully known. Immuno-modulators are needed to regulate the immune system. Physiotherapy is recommended beside medical therapy.
Performance of Community Health and Nutrition Volunteers and Associated Factors in Hajjah, Yemen
Authors: Nassar Abdulkareem , Al-Haddad Ahmed
Published: May 2024

Background: since the Community Health and Nutrition Volunteers (CHNVs) program established, the performance of CHNVs has never been evaluated.
Aims: to evaluate the performance of the CHNVs, and its associated factors.
Methods: a cross-sectional study design was conducted in Bani Qais and Al-Maghrabah districts, Hajjah governorate between January and April 2023. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results: A total of 65 CHNVs participated in this study. Almost 53.8% of CHNVs had-high performance, 29.2% had moderate performance, and 16.9% had low performance level.
The multivariate regression analysis of factors associated with the performance of CHNVs revealed that the percentage of CHNVs who were involved in an occupation was high-performance compared to those not involved in any occupation (68.8% vs 39.4%). This association was statistically significant [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 10.8, 95% CI: 1.1-105.9, p value = 0.041].
Moreover, the percentage of CHNVs who serve 22 or less children under 24 months old was high-performance compared to those serving more than 22 children under 24 months old (69.7% vs 37.5%). This association was statistically significant (aOR = 7.9, 95% CI: 1.2 - 51.5, p value = 0.031).
Conclusions: the performance of CHNVs is inadequate. The main job and number of children under 24 months served were significantly affected the performance of CHNVs.
Association between Chewing Khat (Catha edulis) and Hematological Indices and Helicobacter pylori Infection and Blood Loss in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Yemeni Chewers.
Authors: Al-Absi Rashad , Al-Dubai Waleed , Al-Ghazaly Jameel , Ali Riyadh Saif , AL-Habori Molham
Published: May 2024

Background: The available data on the effect of Khat chewing on hematological indices are conflicted and mainly based on animal studies. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate the effect of Khat chewing on hematological indices in humans as well as the possible association of Khat chewing with H. pylori infection and blood loss in the gastrointestinal tract.
Patients and Methods: This study was a comparative cross-sectional study, carried out on 140 participants aged 18 - 55 years old; 71 were healthy non-Khat chewers serving as a control group and 69 were regular Khat chewers. Complete blood count was analyzed as well as H. pylori antigen and occult blood in stool were investigated.
Results: Hemoglobin concentration, MCV, MCH, and PCV were significantly (p = 0.037, 0.034, 0.043, and 0.019 respectively) lower in Khat chewers as compared with non-Khat chewers, whereas platelets count and white blood cells count were significantly (p = 0.006 and 0.007 respectively) higher in Khat chewers. Khat chewing was also associated with H. Pylori infection (OR: 2.7) and blood loss in the gastrointestinal tract (OR: 3.2).
Conclusion: Khat chewing adversely affects hematological indices and increases the risk of H. Pylori infection and blood loss in the gastrointestinal tract.