bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Virulence And Drug Resistance Pattern Of Escherichia Coli Isolates From Various Clinical Sample
Authors: Baral Soma Kanta
Published: November 2023

Introduction: E. coli is one of the most common pathogens, and its infection has resulted in a global burden due to its increased medication resistance and virulence factors. The goal of this study was to examine the drug resistance pattern and pathogenicity properties of Escherichia coli isolates.
Methods: Over the course of six months (March 2019-August 2019), a laboratory-based cross-sectional study was done among patients visiting Manmohan Memorial Teaching Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal. Standard microbiological procedures were used to identify bacterial isolates from clinical specimens. The modified Kirby Bauer disk diffusion method was used to determine antibiotic susceptibilities. The combined disk test method was used to confirm the ESBL and MBL. To determine their virulence, serum bactericidal activity and biofilm productions were determined.
Results: 59.60 percent (n=81) of the 136 Escherichia coli isolates were multidrug resistant, 25.70 percent (n=35) were ESBL producers, and 11.80 percent (n=16) were MBL producers. Serum resistance was discovered in 22.8 percent (n=31) of the total isolates, while biofilm formation was found in 19.11 percent (n=26). Amoxycillin had the highest level of resistance (87.5%), whereas Chloramphenicol (93.4%) and Imipenem (80.9%) were the most susceptible antibiotics. Polymyxin B and Colistin sulphate were absolutely sensitive. In our investigation, 61.5 percent of biofilm producers were MDR, with non-beta lactamase types being the most common. MBL producers were discovered to be more serum resistant. Amikacin and Imipenem were found to be more sensitive to biofilm makers.
Conclusions: The expression of Escherichia coli virulence factors varied depending on the kind of infection. Escherichia coli has a high rate of multidrug resistance. To minimize the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance in bacteria, proper identification of drug-resistant bacteria, careful use of antibiotics, and effective antibiotic policy are required.
Antithrombotic Adherence to guideline-directed therapy and risk profile among Non-Valvular Atrial fibrillation patients
Authors: Sherpa Kunjang , Adhikari Chandra Mani , Prajapati Dipanker , Manandhar Reeju , Adhikari Nripesh , Raut Roshan , Dhungana Murari , Bajracharya Prashant , Joshi Surakshya , Timilsena Birat K , Bogati Amrit , Yadav Santosh , Sherchand Ojaswee , Roka Madhu , Rajbhandari Sujeeb
Published: November 2023

Introduction: Patients with Atrial fbrillation (AF) are at fivefold higher risk for Ischemic stroke than in the general population. Although the current therapeutic guidelines recommend the use of anticoagulants for thromboembolic prophylaxis in patients with nonvalvular AF (NVAF) with additional risk factor(s) for stroke, the global registry data show non-adherence to guidelines for the management of stroke in diferent regions of the world. The current study conducted at the tertiary referral cardiac center of Nepal for addressing the risk profle of stroke based on the current risk scores and the use of antithrombotic agents NVAF patients.
Methodology: This was a descriptive observational cross sectional study conducted at Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre (SGNHC), Kathmandu, Nepal from December 2020 to June 2020 which included patients with Nonvalvular AF. The main objective of the study was to study the clinical characteristics, stroke risk profle based on CHA ₂DS₂-VaSc score and risk of bleeding based on HAS-BLED score and the patterns of use of antithrombotic agents in NVAF patients.
Results: A total of 79 cases of NVAF were included with 48(60.8%) males and 31(39.2%) females. The mean CHA₂DS₂-VaSc and HAS-BLED score were 2.44±1.2 and 1.51±1.4 respectively. The majority patients 38% had permanent AF followed by 25.5% had paroxysmal AF. Majority of patients were symptomatic with 67.1% presented with palpitation while 32.9% presented with shortness of breath (SOB). Based on the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) AF related symptoms score, 41.8% had EHRA 2a and 2b while 1.3% had EHRA 4 score. The use of anticoagulants in patients with Nonvalvular AF was 41.6%, with NOACS in 33 % and warfarin used in 8.9% cases. The majority of patients 51.8% of study population were using anti-platelet agents with aspirin in 49.3 % and clopidogrel in 2.5 % cases while no medication in 6.3% of cases. Although 70.8% patients had CHA₂DS₂-VaSc score of 2 or more but the use of anticoagulants was only 58.9% with 46.4% NOACS and 12.5% using warfarin among this group of patients.
Conclusion: Although the use of anticoagulant with NOACS in patients with higher risk of stroke is increasing, it is still underused in the majority of cases .There is a need of nationwide AF registry and the need of adoption of the current recommended guidelines to increase use of Anticoagulants in patients with Nonvalvular AF patients for the prevention of stroke .
Spontaneous Epidural Hematoma: A rare neurological complication in a patient following routine coronary angiography
Authors: Shakya Smriti , Gajurel Ratna Mani , Poudel Chandra Mani , Shrestha Hemant , Devkota Surya , Thapa Sanjeev , Manandhar Bhawani , Khanal Rajaram , Yadav Sutap , KC Ashmita
Published: November 2023

Spinal epidural hematoma is an uncommon but potentially devastating complication associated with various medical interventions. We present a case report of this rare neurological complication following a routine coronary angiography. A 69-year-old male with Aortic Stenosis presented for a scheduled coronary angiography to assess his cardiac status before valve replacement. The procedure was uneventful but approximately 15 minutes after the angiography, he developed sudden-onset of rapidly progressing weakness and numbness in bilateral lower extremities. An urgent neurologic evaluation revealed signs of spinal cord compression, prompting a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan which showed an extensive spinal epidural hematoma spanning multiple levels within the cervicothoracic spine. This case highlights the importance of recognizing this rare but a potential complication following routine coronary angiography even in the absence of signifcant procedural complications. Timely diagnosis and prompt surgical intervention are crucial for achieving favorable outcomes and minimizing morbidity associated with this condition.
Local-Self Governance in Federal Nepal: A Critical Review
Authors: Gautam Dilli Raj
Published: November 2023

This paper sheds light on local self-governance in Nepal, including its structure, components, practice, prospects, and limitations critically, while raising questions such as: what were the reasons for transforming the unitary system of governance into the federal structure, what are the principles of local government, and how does it work under the federal framework? It is a descriptive and analytical paper that best uses data from secondary sources and observing functions of local governments. The study's theoretical foundation is based on good governance principles, aimed at improving the quality of service delivery by the local government in Nepal. The elected representatives of the local government make plans and policies for public welfare, utilizing the power conferred on them by the law. By evaluating the historical landscapes, practices, and outcomes of local self-governance, it has been concluded that the quality of the government is the result of a continuous interface among system capabilities, public response, and accountability.
सिरुबारीको अर्थोपार्जनका आधारहरू र युवा सहभागिता
Authors: सिलवाल Silwal सुदर्शन Sudarshan
Published: November 2023

प्रस्तुत आलेखलाई स्याङ्जा जिल्लाको पर्यटकीय गाउँ सिरुबारीको अर्थोपार्जनका मूल आधारहरू र यसमा युवा सहभागिताको अवस्था केलाउनुमा केन्द्रित गरिएको छ । उद्देश्यमूलक नमूना छनौट विधिका आधारमा तयार गरिएको यस आलेखमा प्राथमिक तथा द्वितीयक प्रकृतिका स्रामग्रीहरू प्रयोग गरिएको छ । सूचनाहरू सङ्कलन गर्ने क्रममा सिरुबारीका होमस्टे सञ्चालकहरू र सिरुबारी पर्यटन विकास समितिका पदाधिकारी एवम्सदस्यहरूसँग यहाँका अर्थोपार्जनका आधार र यसमा युवा सहभागिताको अवस्थाका बारेमा औपचारिक तथा अनौपचारिक रूपमा छलफल गरी त्यसबाट प्राप्त हुन आएका सूचना एवम्जानकारीहरूलाई वर्णनात्मक तथा विश्लेषणात्मक विधिको माध्यमबाट समीक्षा गरी योआलेख तयार गरिएको हो । स्थानीय संस्कृति झल्किने गरी पर्यटकहरूलाई गरिने सेवा तथा सत्कार, मौलिक प्रकृतिको घरबास व्यवसाय, घरको बनावट र सरसफाइ, समूह परिचालनको विधि, आर्थिक पारदर्शिता, क्षमताअनुसार पाहुना तथा श्रमविभाजन, एकै प्रकृतिको खानाका परिकारहरू, आयको संस्थागत अभिलेखीकरण र सार्वजनिकीकरण, अतिरिक्त आय (टिप्स) को सामूहीकरण, अर्गानिक ÷प्राङ्गारिक खाद्यवस्तुको उत्पादन, आत्मसन्तुष्टि र फरक पहिचान, गुरुङ संस्कृति, परम्परित पेसा व्यवसाय र सामाजिक सेवा नै यहाँको अर्थोपार्जनका मूल आधारहरू भएको अध्ययनबाट देखिन्छ । साथै कुल घरधुरीको ४८ प्रतिशत घरपरिवार, कुल जनसंख्याको ३६.३२ प्रतिशत जनसंख्या र व्यवसायमा संलग्न भएका मध्येमा पनि ४४.४४ प्रतिशत युवा मात्रै यस होमस्टे व्यवसायमा सम्लग्न हुनुले युवा वर्गलाई यसमा आकर्षित गर्न नसकिएको तथ्यलाई यस आलेखले उजागर गरेको छ ।
Drones and their Role in the Evolution of Generations of War
Authors: Zaher Assist. Prof. Dr. Rahman Abdel-Hussein
Published: November 2023

This research addresses a group of important issues related to drones that made a new revolution in modern warfare. These drones represent a new method of inflicting the largest losses on the enemy’s ranks, at low costs and without loss of pilots or aircraft.

We discussed how the countries that possess these weapons, despite their small size, were able to find new balances that could soon portend the possibility of achieving larger and deeper balances with the major powers. What these aircraft achieved, for instance, in the wars of Yemen, Azerbaijan, Ethiopia, and others, can give a clear idea about this weapon, which represented a new military revolution capable of achieving strategic goals without losses
The impact of the conflict in Ukraine on the stability of the international system
Authors: Geremet Assistant Prof Khaled Hamza
Published: November 2023

Since the emergence of the great empires, they have been fighting among themselves to extend their influence and prove their hegemony and tighten their grip to lead and control the world according to their own interests, and this scene is repeated with the change of competing poles of great power, and the conflict that we are witnessing during this stage is nothing but a translation of those conflicts that extend throughout history. Russia, after declaring war on Ukraine and occupying parts of it, especially Crimea, seeks to confront the American and European danger and limit its extension that threatens the Russian Empire as a superpower. Urgent solutions are provided.
Piracy in the Gulf of Guinea and its regional and international repercussions
Authors: Salman Assist Prof Dr. Mustafa Ibrahim
Published: November 2023

The Gulf of Guinea is one of the world’s most important regions, not just of the African continent. This is due to many reasons, most notably its strategic and economic importance, as it has a wide coastal view on the Atlantic Ocean. This view makes it the main commercial gateway to many closed countries, especially in Central and West Africa.

Guinea is one of the world’s richest regions in mineral resources such as oil and natural gas, gold, diamonds, and many other important minerals that are directly related to modern industries needed by both Asian and Western industrialized countries. It is also rich in animal and plant resources. However, the Gulf of Guinea is one of the world’s most dangerous regions because the many threats, especially piracy, imposed on the maritime trade movement in this region. These threats lead to several repercussions at both the regional and international levels.
Asymmetric Wars: A Study of the Concept, Characteristics, Features, and Causes
Authors: Abousi Assist prof Dr. Haider Zayer Abousi , Al-Ghazali Ali Nayef
Published: November 2023

Asymmetric wars is becoming one of the most important subjects that had been studied by the specialist of strategic studies. as well as other political studies, because this war it's have different range than the regular war by its themes and causes.

    The standard war was a subject for studies and research for a long time and for many reasons one of which that these standards wars was drain too much resources and manpower and because Disastrous results hit the community's and the mankind and cause backwards for humanity.     

      Although there are many common features. between the different types of wars, asymmetric wars are characterized by characteristics and features that differ to a large extent from the characteristics and features that characterized conventional wars, in addition to the fact that there are multiple other reasons behind the escalation of this type of war or Threats, including economic, political, religious and cultural reasons.

Likewise, those types of wars have their own tools or means, through which they are threatened or used against the other hostile party that disagrees with the threatened party, with reference to a fundamental and important point, which is the inequality of the warring parties, as the asymmetric war may be carried out by a weaker party than the other. In terms of physical (hard) force, the threat may come from units or other non-international actors such as terrorist organizations or some extremist groups, or even from individuals.

All this made the study of asymmetric threats or wars a matter of interest to researchers and specialists, because of the dangers that these wars and threats pose to the international community and human security, and negatively affect the economic and cultural development of the international community.
Democracy in contemporary Islamic thought and its relationship to the Shura theory
Authors: Almohamadawe Er Dr. Fadhil Abbas Jabbar
Published: November 2023

Since its inception, democracy has not been a type of government or a form of political system known by itself, but rather a legal or political mechanism that cannot be considered and implemented in purifying political systems from some errors, improving the performance of governments, and bringing them to a government characterized by transparency and integrity. It simply merges with most modern and contemporary political systems in order to change the political pattern or produce a new system different or developed from the old one. In Islamic political thought, the Shura theory represented an eastern synonym for Western democracy, even if it differed from it in many respects. This research seeks to clarify the similarities and differences between the two theories.
Estimativas de mortalidade por idade e sexo nos municípios produtores de petróleo da Bacia de Campos/RJ: uma aplicação do método TOPALS
Authors: Passarelli-Araujo Hisrael , Lanza Queiroz Bernardo , De Souza Joseane
Published: November 2023

Estimativas de mortalidade são essenciais para apoiar o planejamento e o financiamento de serviços de saúde, especialmente em pequenas áreas. Neste artigo, utilizamos modelos de regressão TOPALS para estimar as taxas de mortalidade e expectativas de vida ao nascer nos municípios produtores de petróleo da Bacia de Campos/RJ em 2010 e 2018, desagregadas por idade e sexo. As estimativas se baseiam nos dados de mortalidade obtidos no Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade, nos dados do Censo de 2010 e nas estimativas populacionais de 2018. Os achados deste trabalho corroboram a hipótese de que, embora estejam espacialmente próximos, os diferentes níveis de urbanização, desenvolvimento e investimento público observados entre os municípios produtores de petróleo na Bacia de Campos/RJ podem imprimir níveis e padrões distintos de mortalidade por idade e sexo nas áreas menos populosas.
Relação das propriedades nutritivas do ovo com o funcionamento do sistema imunológico: Revisão
Authors: Pessoa Figueiredo Junior Jalceyr , Helder Medeiros Santana Marcelo , Farias de Albuquerque Marina , Moraes Sérgio Antônio de Normando , Santos Élcio Gonçalves dos Santos , Pinheiro Sarah Gomes Pinheiro
Published: November 2023

The chicken egg contains health promoting and disease preventing substances, making it a functional food, in addition to being an important reserve of proteins, lipids, vitamins and minerals. Therefore, the aim of this work was to discuss the relationship between the nutritional properties of eggs and the functioning of the immune system. Among the main nutrients present in the egg that can exert an immunomodulatory function and contribute to the activity of the immune system, specifically in preventing and combating diseases, we can mention: the fat-soluble vitamins A, D and E; the microminerals copper (Cu), selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) and fatty acids from the omega-3 family (ω-3 AGs). Based on the presence of these nutritional components, egg consumption will contribute to the formation, development and functioning of the immune system, as its nutritional composition can assist in the defense actions of the human body, and consequently in preventing and combating diseases. In this sense, the intake of functional nutrients present in eggs, a low-cost and easily acquired food, will provide better health for the population through greater biological activities, which can provide a stronger and more resistant body structure.
Study of Gastronomic Tourism in the Context of Marketing in the Classroom in Business Russian
Authors: DIASAMIDZE Gulnara
Published: November 2023

AbstractOur article will focus on gastronomic tourism. Gastronomic tourism is not only an opportunity to try new interesting dishes. It is closely related tobusiness and appeared at the end of the twentieth century, becoming much more successful already in the twenty-first, to the present day. But this isnot only a business, but there is also an opportunity to try new and interesting dishes, visit factories, wineries, and farms. Watching the production andeven taking part in it will be interesting not only for gourmets but also for all tourists.Everyone knows that the main attraction of Georgia is the national cuisine. Georgia has regional differences in local cuisine, unique dishes, andtechnologies for their preparation. All interested tourists are offered an appetizing Gastronomic Tour.Gastronomic tourism is a local universal phenomenon that: creates unique marketing opportunities for a destination by being a strategic element inbranding.Keywords: Georgia, gastronomic tourism, marketing, national cuisine, tourism
The United States National Strategy Formulation Process
Authors: KAVTARADZE Romani
Published: November 2023

The United States national strategy formulation is a deliberate and thoughtful process, which has some challenges. It is very important to examine thefoundation and nature of the United States policy and strategy processes. The strategic policymakers must evaluate the concept of national securityin the context of modern international relations. This study brings some examples from the beginning of the Cold War to the present, and examinesthe U.S. policymakers’ decisions to use hard power – as an instrument of national power, which is the last option in the foreign policy. Whole-ofgovernmentis a concept related to grand strategy, which includes all instruments of national power. This study introduces the concept and potentialopportunities of whole-of-government collaboration. Finally, it introduces my recommendations for key decision makers and strategists at the nationallevel, and guidelines of strategy formulation for policymakers, who are involved in designing, developing, and executing national security policy andstrategy.Keywords: Grand strategy, hard power, national security policy, national security strategy, smart power, whole-of-government
Effect of Blended Learning Instructional Strategy on Senior Secondary School Students’ Achievement in Mathematics
Authors: LATEEF Olori Abiola , ADEWALE Yusuf Sikiru
Published: November 2023

The study examined effect of blended learning instructional strategy on secondary school students’ academic achievement in mathematics. Thestudy employed a quasi-experimental research design method. Three hypotheses guided the study. A sample size of 76 senior secondary II studentsdrawn from two schools were assigned to experimental and control groups, using intact class. The instrument was mathematics achievement test(MAT) with reliability co-efficient value of 0.72 obtained from Kuder-Richardson formula 21.The results of the study show significant difference inthe pretest and mean scores of both students in experimental and control groups with calculated F- value of 34.530 > critical F- value of 3.03, df =1 and 74 at 0.05 level of significance.. The result further revealed significant difference in the mean achievement scores in mathematics betweenstudents in experimental and control group with t- calculated 3.543, df = 74 and sig. (2 tailed) = 0.26. The results also show no significant differencein the mathematics mean achievement scores between male and female students exposed to experimental condition with t- calculated .273, df = 32and sig. (2 tailed) = .547. Far reaching recommendations were provided for adoption of blended learning instructional strategy in teaching secondaryschool mathematics.Keywords: Asynchronous Learning Environment, Blended Learning Instructional Strategy, Computer Mediated Instruction, F2F, Gender
Ellen Glasgow’s Outlook Expressed in Her Essay Feminism
Authors: TSVERAVA Nino
Published: November 2023

Ellen Glasgow’s essay Feminism appeared in New York Times in November 1913. Following her previous interview-article No Valid Reason againstGiving Votes to Women, published a few months earlier in the same newspaper, Glasgow continues explaining what, in her opinion, feminism is.In Feminism, Glasgow gives attempt to disclose the meaning of the term “liberation”, which appeared first in No Valid Reason. With this purpose,Glasgow goes back in history and discusses some examples of English literature dealing with ‘womanly woman’, criticizing them, followed by analysisof contemporaneous authors bringing new insight to the concept. The purpose of the present article is to show that, as the perception of ‘womanlywoman’ evolves into more reasonable understanding of natural woman, it is the emerging movement of feminism, which, according to Glasgow, canrestore balance in disturbed woman—man relationship.Keywords: Equality, feminism, ‘womanly woman’
Liberties Poets Take: Towards a Verbal Pedagogy of Revolt
Authors: FEKIR Noureddine
Published: November 2023

Poetry has always been the tool of resistance for writers who seek to assert the voice of freedom against those who attempt to deny it to human beings. Its brevity and concise nature have often been associated with the sharp and surprising effect of weapons. In this paper I argue that of all genres, (resistance) poetry is the one that subversively grants a license to itself, that licenses itself and takes liberties for the defense of liberty. It is constantly preoccupied with innovative ways for infringing the seemingly rigid rules set up by despotic power. The liberties that a poet takes in recreating language, in transforming it from within, and the poetic licenses which are taken in defiance of the conventions of verse writing must be seen as emblematic of the essence of resistance poetry in particular and poetry in general which by nature is based on challenging all norms and standards. Resistance poets and the so-called poets of witness have therefore always associated their aesthetic modes with these liberties which they take at the level of diction, grammar and logic, a gesture which hints to how language must be radically changed or per(sub)verted in order to alter the vision of people with a view to liberating them at a subsequent stage. Poetry then offers the best pedagogy of revolt, one that drives forward the people in their rhythmic march towards what Jacques Derrida calls the ‘arrivant’ or the different future. I will take the liberty in this paper to start with license and end it with liberty or freedom or emancipation. This is because aesthetics and politics can never be split.Keywords: Liberties, Pedagogy, writers
History of Mammy Stereotype
Authors: GAMSAKHURDIA Nino , HUSEYNOVA Suraya
Published: November 2023

Despite the efforts the society makes to diminish exaggerated images, stereotypes often rule our everyday interactions. The less powerful groups of societies, based on class, race, gender, and sexuality, have been forced to cope with the history which has been written for them. One of the most commonly known stereotypes, still featured in contemporary advertisements and other media, is that of the black Mammy.Keywords: Mammy, stereotype, discrimination
Implementation of the Free and Compulsory Primary Education Policy in Public Schools in Ogun State, Nigeria: Evaluation
Authors: JAYESIMI Michael Adegoke , SHOAGA Opeyemi
Published: November 2023

The launching of the Universal Basic Education scheme in Nigeria in 1999 was the country’s response to the global call for universalization of access to basic education. The Universal Basic Education Act, enacted in May 2004, serves as the legal framework for the programme and it provided for primary education to be free and compulsory. Much has been done by different tiers of government to ensure the achievement of this objective. This study evaluated the extent to which primary education was free and compulsory in public schools in Ogun State, Nigeria between 2004 and 2012. The findings show that though tuition was free, pupils still paid for Development Levy and Parent Teachers Association Levy. The findings also show that parents purchased textbooks, exercise books, uniforms, sandals, socks and other school materials for their wards. Furthermore, the results show that more than half a million children of school-going age in the state were out of school during the 2012 – 2013 academic session. These show that primary education was neither free nor compulsory in the state during the period under study. The implication is that Nigeria’s objective of achieving national primary education goals within the global EFA context had not been achieved.Keywords: Evaluation, Implementation, Policy, Primary Education, Basic Education
The World of Games and Georgian Theatre in Baku
Authors: MARJANISHVILI Mariam
Published: November 2023

The concept of Azerbaijan appeared in the Georgians’ mind with the folk song “Urmuli”, as in the first line of the song “I’ll go to Aghzevan for salt”, the word “Aghzevan” means Azerbaijan.The friendship and cultural relations between Georgian and Azerbaijan peoples have a long history. The best children of these two nations have always tried to develop and strengthen this friendship.It is important to study and research every form and field of these relations, including traditional theatric-cultural one between the two peoples.At the end of the 1870s, Baku, which was weakened by Turkey and Iran, turned into a large oil capitalist industry, business society and credit banks. Very soon, Baku turned into a multinational city. Alongside Russians, Armenians, Polish, Ukrainians, Jews, there were more and more Georgians.How was the city infrastructure affected by the rivalry of different material opportunities?!The growth of the population caused the growth of the city itself, but this growth was not homogenous, “whichever aspect of people’s life we take, - said newspaper “Kaspi” – there are intense contradictions everywhere: on the one hand, rich buildings with parquet floors, mirrors and electric lights, on the other – street huts with smoking oil-lamps” (Newspaper “Kaspi”, 1893).Keywords: World of Games, Baku Theater, Art, National Sign, Eternal Torch
Assessing the Impact of Feeding Stray Dogs on Stray Dog-Related Issues: A Community-Based Study in Songkhla, Thailand
Authors: Saree Afia , Klinpikul Anda , Kongchu Apissara , Wongaree Arya , Navykarn Bussabong , Songsakul Chaowanet , Kongsuwan Chayapa , Kiewlek Chuttama , Waesalaemae Hillmee , Sarasutjari Isarawadee , Benjama Jehrusdee , Thongprasert Napak , Sukchaiya Nathchanon , Suksai Nititon , Jongthitinon Pakjira , Chorueangsak Pattiya , Kiattisaksophon Pattamaporn , Boonbandan Pawanya , Sanguthai Phansang , Apiwatgaroon Ponnapat , Rattanakhot Pornlapat , Poomivanichakij Prapasiri , Kao-ian Sattawat , Thongchai Supatcha , Ongprakobkul Surathep , Sritulakan Tanabadee , Saisrikosol Thanatcha , Sae Jong Sikarin , Sunghan Jutapoln , Chamroonkiadtikun Panya , Vichitkunakorn Polathep
Published: November 2023

Objective: Increasing stray dog populations have transformed stray dog issues from a third-world problem to a global public health priority. This study aimed to determine factors related to feeding stray dogs and other factors that can impact stray dog-related issues. Material and Methods: This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Songkhla, Thailand, from the 4th to the 29th of January 2021. Data was collected via phone interviews. Logistic regression was performed to measure the association between the independent variables and problems related to stray dogs. Results: Among 168 participants, 137 (81.5%) reported having experienced a negative impact in connection with problems caused by stray dogs. The most common problem was garbage scavenging (62.5%), which predominantly occurred between 18:00 and midnight. Feeding stray dogs was significantly associated with stray dog-related problems (odds ratio [OR]=3.94 with a 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26-17.41). Conclusion: Providing food to stray dogs causes problems and is also prohibited by law. It is important for media, community leaders, and other influential groups to create awareness and foster cooperation among communities to address this issue.
Planification forestière dans le canton de Fribourg
Authors: Schneiter Anja
Published: November 2023

Le système de planification forestière dans le canton de Fribourg repose sur les documents de base, la planification directrice des forêts, contraignante pour les autorités, et les plans de gestion contraignants pour les propriétaires. Le système de planification est en cours d’évolution, il tient compte des nouvelles techniques ainsi que des défis écologiques, sociaux et économiques.
Neue Tools für bessere Entscheidungen
Authors: Bont Leo Gallus , Rosset Christian , Griess Verena C. , Schweier Janine
Published: November 2023

In diesem Beitrag werden einige der für die schweizerische Waldwirtschaft relevanten Entscheidungsunterstützungstools (Decision Support Tools) vorgestellt. Dabei handelt es sich entweder um ein Entscheidungsunterstützungssystem (Decision Support System) oder um ein Management-Support-Tool. Der Hauptzweck eines Entscheidungsunterstützungstools ist es, für komplexe Entscheidungssituationen eine computergestützte Unterstützung zu bieten, ohne dass das System die Entscheidungen trifft. Unter Management-Support-Tools versteht man Werkzeuge zur Unterstützung von Managementaktivitäten abseits der Entscheidungsfindung. Wir führen aus, welche Eigenschaften nötig sind, um solche Systeme in der Waldpraxis im operationellen Einsatz erfolgreich zu etablieren.
Revenir aux fondamentaux pour mieux se projeter dans l'avenir
Authors: Rosset Christian , Bont Leo , Griess Verena C.
Published: November 2023

L’époque actuelle est marquée par de nombreux et profonds changements au niveau du climat, de la société et de la technologie qui impactent fortement les écosystèmes forestiers et leur gestion. Cet article propose de revenir sur les fondamentaux de la planification forestière pour mieux se projeter dans le futur. Il invite à s'interroger sur les bases sur lesquelles s'appuyer pour bien comprendre les instruments de planification et ce qui contribue à leur pertinence, leur efficacité et la possibilité de les faire évoluer relativement facilement.
Gebirgswaldplanung in der Försterausbildung in Maienfeld
Authors: Glanzmann Lukas , Rüsch Christian
Published: November 2023

Die waldbauliche Planung im Gebirge weist zahlreiche Besonderheiten auf. Es geht vor allem um den Schutz vor Naturgefahren und damit um Risikoüberlegungen. Im Gebirgswald steht nicht der einzelne Bestand im Fokus der Planung, sondern ein grösserer Waldkomplex. Oft werden mit der Gruppenplenterung stufige Wälder angestrebt. Die Koordination von Waldbau und Holzerntetechnik ist prägend. Die Kombination von Fernerkundungs- und terrestrischen Daten gewinnt an Bedeutung. Am Beispiel der Försterausbildung am Bildungs zentrum Wald in Maienfeld (GR) wird gezeigt, wie alle diese Aspekte in die Försterausbildung einfliessen.
Waldplanung und Controlling beim Stadtforstamt Baden
Authors: von Graefe Georg
Published: November 2023

Mehr als die Hälfte des Stadtgebiets von Baden (AG) ist bewaldet. Seit mindestens 1821 wird der Wald geplant. Derzeit wird ein neuer Betriebsplan für die Zeit zwischen 2025 und 2039 erarbeitet. Darin werden der Wunsch der Stadtbevölkerung nach Erholung, der Naturschutz und die Bereitstellung des Rohstoffs Holz ausgewogen berücksichtigt.
Analysis Of Online Promotional Strategies At Azka Salon and Spa Muslimah Makassar
Authors: Damayanti Arka , Mustakim Mustakim
Published: November 2023

Azka Salon and Spa Muslimah is a beauty care business specifically for Muslim women that has lasted for 16 years and has 4 branches spread across Makassar. Such a business requires an optimal marketing strategy in today's advanced era in order to survive and compete. So this article aims to analyze the online promotion strategy used by Azka Salon and Spa Muslimah. This type of research is descriptive qualitative to tell problem solving based on the data that has been collected by presenting, analyzing, and interpreting the data obtained. There are two data sources used, namely primary and secondary data sources originating from the Koran, articles, books, journals, business websites to social media (facebook, Instagram and tick tok) Azka Salon and Spa Muslimah. As for the results obtained, Azka Salon's online promotion strategy has been implemented optimally. This is inseparable from Azka Salon's consistency in uploading interesting content and having a special promotion team that has made it last until now
Exploring the Interplay of Conceptual Understanding, Creative Writing Skill, and Grammatical Accuracy in Experiential Learning
Authors: N Swamy Varsha , Simha Karuna K
Published: November 2023

Though experiential learning (EL) and inquiry-based learning (IBL) pedagogies collectively aid in conceptualisation and creativity, there is a striking need for the development of a creative and engaging assessment strategy for evaluation. Therefore, in this study, after the implementation of student-centric pedagogies, i.e. EL and IBL, we have used an alternate assessment strategy i.e. story writing. It is used to assess conceptual understanding and writing skills like grammatical accuracy and creativity in learners of grade 6 of an urban school. The findings of the study suggest that conceptual understanding, grammatical accuracy, and creativity are independent of each other, but all of these variables are manifested in a learner in the course of EL. Further, it is also evident that EL is independent of gender influences with respect to all three variables. Interestingly, male learners expressed their learning using fictionalised characters and stories whereas female learners used real-life experiences and conversations but the level of creativity did not differ significantly. Hence, creative open writing styles like story-writing can be considered a promising assessment strategy for evaluation.
Assessment of Longitudinal Stresses in Rails Using Acoustic Birefringence
Authors:   University of Missouri, Fadhil Aqeel , Washer Glenn ,   University of Missouri, Poudel Anish ,   MxV Rail
Published: November 2023

Continuously welded rails (CWR) are susceptible to buckling and fracture due to the thermal stresses induced by changes in ambient temperature. The longitudinal thermal stresses in rails are produced when the rail temperature deviates from the temperature at which the rail was installed, known as the rail neutral temperature (RNT) or stress-free temperature. This research explores the correlation between the acoustic birefringence and the longitudinal stresses in rail specimens sectioned out of 136-pound (136 RE) and 141-pound (141 RE) rails. The acoustic birefringence is assessed using shear waves polarized in two perpendicular directions emitted from the electromagnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) in a pulse-echo mode. The study showed an excellent linear correlation between the applied axial stresses and the measured birefringence measurements for both rail sections.
Comparison of real-time ultrasonic M-scans and dynamic resistance curves obtained from resistance spot welding process.
Authors:   The Institute for Diagnostic Imaging Research, Stocco Danilo , Chertov Andriy , Maev Roman Gr. ,   The Institute for Diagnostic Imaging Research, Yoo Sanghyun , Jung Sung Hoon ,   Obara Korea
Published: November 2023

The goal of this paper is to present a correlation study between the dynamic resistance curve obtained from a Resistance Spot Welding (RSW) process versus inspections made through real-time ultrasonic measurements. In steel plate samples, with varying thickness, the ultrasonic images were collected during the welding process using a Tessonics ultrasonic system with single-element, 12 Mhz transducer in pulse-echo mode, installed inside a C-type welding gun, with cooling water as the coupling medium. A-scans were collected with an interval of 1 millisecond, in order to construct an M-scan image which is a signature of the welding process. Dynamic resistance curves of each joint were acquired using the Obara Hawkeye adaptive welding controller mounted on a 90 KVA, medium frequency and direct current (MFDC) machine. Welding schedules were prepared under adaptive mode, with both welding current and time set as variables. The M-scan image was synchronized with the respective dynamic resistance curve for each of the collected samples, aiming to identify and correlate the characteristics between both. The experiments were able to find strong correlation between the M-scans and dynamic resistance curves. In the M-scans, we could observe the amount of heat developed directly between the electrodes, liquid metal thickness, and its penetration into the plates, while in the dynamic resistance curve we could observe corresponding features, such as the resistance maximum peak, as well as sudden resistance drops. The results collected and presented will be used for identification of the main correspondences between both approaches, and further development of specialized instrumentation for improvement of the existing resistance curve-based adaptive welding systems.
Development of a High-speed X-ray Cineradiography System to Inform High Explosive Safety
Authors:   Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Townsend Andrew , Ruelas Joshua , Draganic Nicola , White Brad , Reaugh Jack , Smith Jerel , Densmore John , Strickland Shawn , Tringe Joe ,   Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Published: November 2023

The majority of non-fire-related accidents involving high explosives are caused by low-speed impacts. Understanding the mechanisms that lead to explosive ignition is of vital importance for high explosive safety. Examining HE impact and breakup can be difficult using optical imaging systems alone, as the HE is often contained in opaque confinement vessels and may also be obscured by smoke and flames. Data from an X-ray Cineradiography system being developed at LLNL can help inform our understanding of the conditions needed for ignition and, in combination with optical imaging, help answer important safety-related HE questions.
Developments in Modeling Air-Coupled Ultrasonic Testing of Porous Composites for Aerospace Applications
Authors:   University of Dayton Research Institute, Morton Maureen , Tiller Joseph , Lesthaeghe Tyler ,   University of Dayton Research Institute, Aldrin John C. ,   Computational Tools, Douglass Alexander ,   Air Force Research Laboratory
Published: November 2023

This work presents recent progress in computational modeling of air-coupled ultrasonic NDE of porous composites. Research into ultrasonic NDE models concentrates on two fundamental areas: the ultrasound transducer model and the propagation and scattering of waves in a specimen for a variety of material properties, sample geometries, and discontinuity characteristics.
Directional Ultrasonic Scattering from Microtextured Regions in Titanium
Authors:   University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Vela Ramon , Deshpande Satyajeet P. , Turner Joseph A. ,   University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Hassan Waled ,   Rolls-Royce Corporation
Published: November 2023

Ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation (NDE) enables the inspection of materials with respect to flaws and microstructural anomalies. The manufacturing of titanium billets leads to the creation of microtextured regions (MTRs) which are a collection of grains with partially-aligned crystals axes. During ultrasonic inspections for detrimental inclusions, such as hard alphas, MTRs can sometimes lead to false positives indications. However, a detailed understanding of the interaction between an ultrasonic wave and an MTR is still the subject of on-going research. In this work, a Ti6Al4V billet was scanned ultrasonically and potential indications were identified as possible MTRs. From the billet, 2” cubes were removed with the goal to center the indications within the cubes. Additional ultrasonic measurements on the cubes then reveal the strong dependency of the angular scattering from the region of the original indication. The results are expected to provide additional insight into the detection and characterization of MTRs.
Fiber Optic Sensor Enabled Acoustic NDE for Nuclear Waste Storage
Authors:   University of Pittsburgh, Sarcinelli Enrico , Naeem Khurram , Zhang Pengdi , Ohodnicki Paul R. ,   University of Pittsburgh
Published: November 2023

With the crescent necessity of storage for nuclear waste, absence of final repository and saturation of spent fuel pools makes inevitable a move towards increasing dry cask storage systems (DCSS) as a feasible solution [1]. As a result, DCSS integrity becomes a critical consideration and inspections / health monitoring becomes an important factor to guarantee safety and minimize any environmental impacts associated with unanticipated failures or breaches. The most common type of DCSSs in use relies on a stainless-steel canister, usually austenitic, welded sealed, which contains the bundle of fuel rods inside [2]. Currently useful methods for accessing the structural health of the canister structure are based on temperature field monitoring and comparison with expectations for a healthy canister, giving information about possible leaks [3]. Much effort has been done to improve these techniques [4, 5]; however, to reliably infer safety of the structure it is necessary to know more information about damages and changes in the interior. In this work we overview our work seeking to develop and ultimately implement in commercial practice, an alternative monitoring scheme, leveraging a combination of acoustic NDE with distributed optical fiber acoustic sensing and physics-based modeling techniques to explore both active and passive monitoring.
Generation of Realistic Synthetic Macrozones for Elastic Wave Finite Element Models
Authors:   Imperial College London, Yeoh Wei Yi , Bo Lan , Lowe Michael J.S. ,   Imperial College London
Published: November 2023

The presence of macrozones (or micro-textured regions) in Ti-6Al-4V (Ti64) was shown to be a potential cause to the onset of cold dwell fatigue which reduces fatigue life significantly. Past research has demonstrated the potential of using ultrasonic testing for macrozone characterization, given that the ultrasound attenuation, backscatter, and velocity are all sensitive to the presence of macrozones. However, due to the complexity of the microstructures and the difficulties to manufacture and fully characterize samples with varying degrees of microstructures, many physical phenomena that were observed experimentally are still not well understood. In this study, we propose the generation of realistic synthetic macrozones that can be used in finite element (FE) models to enable systematic, in-depth investigation of complex wave-macrozone interactions. To first demonstrate this methodology, we extract the relevant grain information from a 2D EBSD micrograph and use it to generate 2D synthetic microstructures in the software code Neper. The 2D synthetic macrozones are subsequently validated using wave propagation models and Two-Point Correlation (TPC) measurements. The same procedure is reapplied to generate 3D synthetic macrozones and the modelled attenuation is directly compared to experimental measurements for validation. We also highlighted how this methodology can enable the development of new capabilities in microstructural characterization using ultrasound.
Influence of Microstructure and Strain Hardening Rate on Acoustic Nonlinearity Parameter in Stainless Steel 316L during Tensile Loading
Authors:   University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Do Hyelim , Kim Changgong ,   University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign,   Samsung Elctronics, Matlack Kathryn H. ,   University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Published: November 2023

The accumulation of dislocations, which are atomic defects in materials subjected to plastic deformation, can cause structural failures. Early detection of such dislocation-related damage is essential to prevent these failures. The acoustic nonlinearity parameter β has been shown to be sensitive to the nonlinearity of dislocation motions, and prior research has shown a relationship between β and dislocation parameters in various damage mechanisms. While most work thus far reports that β generally increases with increased plastic deformation, recent research showed that β can decrease during monotonic tensile loading in stainless steel 316L characterized by in situ nonlinear ultrasonic measurements. The objective of this research is to examine the correlation between the decrease of β with plastic strain as reported in this recent study, and the initial microstructure and strain hardening rate. The initial microstructure, characterized with electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD), shows an increase in dislocation density and a reduction of grain area, which can possibly result in a decrease in β. Further, it is shown that the decrease rate of β monotonically decreases with hardening rate, providing a evidence that the decrease in β may relate to the shift from planar slip to wavy slip. These results help interpret the underlying mechanisms for the decrease in β during tensile loading.