bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Privacy as an International Human Right and the Right to Obscurity in Cyberspace
Authors: Rengel Alexandra
Published: November 2018

Fundamental rights are considered to be those which human beings have by the fact of being human and are neither created nor can be abrogated by any government absent extraordinary circumstances. They are fundamental in that the enjoyment of such rights is necessary to live a life with dignity. Fundamental rights are recognized by several international conventions and treaties such as the International Convention on Civil and Political Rights, and the International Convention on Economic and Social Rights and they include cultural, economic, and political rights, such as the right to life, the right to liberty, the right of association, and the right to freedom of religion. Privacy is an essential human need. Although the concept of privacy has a certain abstract quality to it that makes it difficult to define, instinctively, humans need to know that they can keep some things secret from others. Absent extraordinary circumstances the need for humans to have a certain degree of privacy is innate. Perhaps as a result of that intrinsic need, privacy as a concept has been recognized in a social as well as a legal sense in most cultures from time immemorial. Today, the right to privacy is considered to be an identifiable human right with universal qualities deserving legal recognition and protection, although the scope of such legal protection is still being determined. In reviewing the concept of privacy, new technologies often make us wonder what level of protection of our right to privacy is possible in a world where personal information about us can be accessed not by infringing our physical space, but by invisible hands that can access our most private secrets just by pressing a button and looking at a screen. New technologies in the form of the Internet, social networks, remote access to information, etc., make it increasingly more difficult to maintain privacy rights in cyberspace such that online invisibility has become impossible. The quest for invisibility is the idea that individuals should be able to choose to remain invisible online. In order for that scenario to become a reality more emphasis needs to be made on the universal recognition of privacy principles in the context of cyberspace. Additionally, design based privacy solutions must be created to protect individuals’ privacy in cyberspace.
The European Union and the Search for an International Data Protection Framework
Authors: Kuner Christopher
Published: November 2018

The European Union (EU) has supported the growing calls for the creation of an international legal framework to safeguard data protection rights. At the same time, it has worked to spread its data protection law to other regions, and recent judgments of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) have reaffirmed the autonomous nature of EU law and the primacy of EU fundamental rights law. The tension between initiatives to create a global data protection framework and the assertion of EU data protection law raises questions about how the EU can best promote data protection on a global level, and about the EU’s responsibilities to third countries that have adopted its system of data protection.
USA Cyber Surveillance and EU Personal Data Reform: PRISM’s Silver Lining?
Authors: Kulesza Joanna
Published: November 2018

The paper covers the political and legal consequences of US deployed extensive cyber surveillance program, usually referred to with the codename PRISM. The author identifies the significant transnational legal challenges for privacy protection originated by US cybersecurity policy and the steps taken by other states aimed at limiting its consequences harmful to individual privacy. The author covers varying reactions to USimposed privacy intrusions, from Brazil’s plans to withdraw from the global network to some states’ suggestions of holding Washington internationally responsible for violating the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. The paper’s focus however is on the European personal data protection thus far not providing effective transnational protection of privacy, primarily through the strongly criticised and ineffective EU-US Safe Harbor arrangement. The EU personal data reform, approved by the European Parliament in March of 2014, seems the most significant consequence of mass privacy violations committed by the US National Security Agency and its agents. The 2012 proposed Data Protection Regulation, which, together with the new personal data Directive, are to replace the 1995 Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC put strong emphasis on the effectiveness of transboundary privacy protection, although cover also many other significant changes, such as introducing the right to be forgotten or centralising the personal data protection decisions thus-far distributed among national Data Protection Authorities, often varying in their interpretations of community law. The reform is to oblige all companies, regardless of their country of incorporation, to meet EU privacy laws as it introduces high financial responsibility for those who fail to do so, making it a trigger for a significant change in the way the online markets operate. The European approach seems significant for the entire international community not only because European citizens are an important element of the online markets, but also because personal data protection as a tool for safeguarding individual privacy has been adopted in over 100 out of the roughly 190 world’s countries. Including an element of transnational data protection in EU law is therefore certain to influence the approach to privacy in other continents.
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone for Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome
Authors: Wang Chia-shi , Travers Curtis , McCracken Courtney , Leong Traci , Gbadegesin Rasheed , Quiroga Alejandro , Benfield Mark R. , Hidalgo Guillermo , Srivastava Tarak , Lo Megan , Yadin Ora , Mathias Robert , Araya Carlos E. , Khalid Myda , Orjuela Alvaro , Zaritsky Joshua , Al-Akash Samhar , Kamel Margret , Greenbaum Larry A.
Published: November 2018

Background and objectives

There is renewed interest in adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) for the treatment of nephrotic syndrome. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of ACTH in children with frequently relapsing or steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome in a randomized trial.

Design, setting, participants, & measurements

Participants aged 2–20 years old with frequently relapsing or steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome were enrolled from 16 sites in the United States and randomized 1:1 to ACTH (repository corticotropin injection) or no relapse-preventing treatment. ACTH treatment regimen was 80 U/1.73 m2 administered twice weekly for 6 months, followed by 40 U/1.73 m2 administered twice weekly for 6 months. The primary outcome was disease relapse during the first 6 months. Participants in the control group were offered crossover to ACTH treatment if they relapsed within 6 months. Secondary outcomes were relapse after ACTH dose reduction and treatment side effects.

Results

The trial was stopped at a preplanned interim analysis after enrollment of 31 participants because of a lack of discernible treatment efficacy. Fourteen out of 15 (93%) participants in the ACTH arm experienced disease relapse in the first 6 months, with a median time to first relapse of 23 days (interquartile range, 9–32), compared with 15 out of 16 (94%) participants and at a median of 21 days (interquartile range, 14–51) in the control group. There was no difference in the proportion of relapsed patients (odds ratio, 0.93; 95% confidence interval, 0.05 to 16.40; P>0.99) or time to first relapse (hazard ratio, 1.03; 95% confidence interval, 0.50 to 2.15; P=0.93). Thirteen out of 16 participants in the control group crossed over to ACTH treatment. Three out of 28 participants completed 12 months of ACTH treatment; the others exited the trial because of frequent relapses or side effects. There were no disease relapses after ACTH dose reduction among the three participants. Most side effects were mild and similar to side effects of corticosteroids.

Conclusions

ACTH at 80 U/1.73 m2 administered twice weekly was ineffective at preventing disease relapses in pediatric nephrotic syndrome.
Consumer and Warner-Bratzler Shear Evaluations of Steaks from Blade Tenderized, Aged, or Frozen Sirloin Subprimals
Authors: Tindel Spencer B. , Murray Adam R. , Arnold Ashley N. , Griffin Davey B. , Miller Rhonda K. , Gehring Kerri B. , Savell Jeffrey W.
Published: November 2018

Paired USDA Choice top sirloin butts (n = 60) were divided equally across 3 trials: 1) blade tenderized (BT) versus non-blade tenderized (NBT), 2) refrigerated versus frozen aging/storage, and 3) 14-d versus 35-d refrigerated aging. Steaks from subprimals were evaluated using Warner-Bratzler Shear (WBS) force testing and consumer sensory evaluation. Consumers found BT steaks to be more tender and palatable compared to NBT steaks (P < 0.05), even though WBS values did not differ. Steaks from refrigerated versus frozen and 14- versus 35-d age treatments did not differ (P > 0.05) in consumer sensory ratings or WBS values. When compared to refrigerated, frozen storage of product did not affect consumer sensory ratings. Lack of differences between 14- and 35-d aging treatments indicated that the top sirloin butt did not require extended-aging periods to increase tenderness. Blade tenderization remains important for the top sirloin; however, purveyors may have options in postmortem aging and frozen storage of product without sacrificing quality.
Scientific process skills: Preliminary study towards senior high school student in Palembang
Authors: Andini Tri Eka , Hidayat Saleh , Fadillah Etty Nurmala , Permana Tutut Indria
Published: November 2018

The 21st-century challenges require the next generations to have various skills to deal with, including scientific process skills. This study aimed to describe the scientific process skills of the senior high school student in Palembang in term of ecology subject. This descriptive quantitative research observed 231 respondents of the tenth-grade student from two different sub-districts in Palembang, Gandus and West Ilir. The student’s scientific process skills were measured using the test instrument and interview. The results showed that there were various outcomes for each indicator in Gandus i.e. 68.87% (observing), 75.00% (grouping), 54.81% (interpreting), 73.08% (predicting), 52.56% (formulating a hypothesis), 49.04% (planning an experiment), and 43.59% (communicating). Meanwhile in West Ilir the outcomes for students’ scientific process skills were 69.48% (observing), 66.34% (grouping), 56.65% (interpreting), 64.04% (predicting), 59.64% (formulating a hypothesis), 47.85% (planning an experiment), and 41.39% (communicating). It can be concluded that the students’ scientific process skills in Palembang were categorized as the medium. Hence, strategies to promote students’ scientific process skills in biology class still need to be improved especially in ecology learning.
The implementation of school-literacy-movement: Integrating scientific literacy, characters, and HOTS in science learning
Authors: Suryawati Evi , Suzanti Fitra , Suwondo Suwondo , Yustina Yustina
Published: November 2018

This study aimed to examine the implementation of the School Literacy Movement (SLM) by observing its impacts toward the scientific literacy, characters, and HOTS of Grade VII Junior High School (JHS) students in Pekanbaru within the context of K-13. The survey was conducted with 45 natural science teachers on the basis that they have integrated K-13 into their teaching and learning. The data of SLM implementation was obtained from the teacher by means of questionnaires and observation which was conducted in science classes in three JHS in pollution and global warming topics. The results showed that 49.13% of activities were successfully implemented by SLM. The results showed that students’ scientific literacy in the three schools were 69.5%, 76.3%, and 75.2%. Meanwhile, the character values have reached 80.6%, 76.4%, 72.9%, and students’ HOTS values were 73.0%, 72.5%, and 73.3%. Based on the survey, it can be concluded that although the school has pioneered SLM, the strengthening of scientific literacy, characters, and HOTS has not been executed by all teachers who implement K-13 due to various obstacles need new policies to assess the execution of the SLM program by the local education department.
AN APPRAISAL ON DHARANIYA VEGAS IN CHARAKA SAMHITA
Authors: KOTEKAR AJANTHA SHIVAJI , S Geetha Nayak , M K Anjana , S Anand
Published: November 2018

Basic principles of Ayurveda emphasize the importance of hetu (causative factor) in disease pathogenesis. Indulgence in dharaniya vega (urges to be suppressed or controlled) acts as a factor in cascade of pathogenesis. In Charaka Samhita description on nine dharaniya vegas is scattered in different contexts. Collection of all these information and analysis paves way for better understanding of the concept of Dharaniya vegas and very helpful in health promotion. It is quite interesting to note that these dharaniya vegas are connected to emotional states of mind. The natural urges of mind are important aspect of living body and significantly determine the health or diseased state of an individual.  Individual desirous of health should control these urges by gaining control over sense organs. These nine dharaniya vegas, if not controlled can lead to tridosha prakopa (vitiation of body humours) and result in varied psychosomatic manifestations.  In the present article an attempt is been made to explore the concept of dharaniya vega mentioned in Charaka samhita with contemporary relevance in clinical Ayurveda practice and thereby aide in health promotion and also as a preventive tool.

Key words:
PREVENTION OF CARDIO VASCULAR DISEASE THROUGH AYURVEDA
Authors: Asthana Alok Kumar , Asthana Monika , Sharma Payal
Published: November 2018

In today's era non communicable diseases are most prevalent diseases. They are also known as chronic diseases. Cardiovascular disease (heart disease) or Hridaroga is one of them. This is a lifestyle disorder and that’s why we should always focus on a healthy lifestyle. A healthy lifestyle can reduce the risk of this lethal disease. Our various bad food habits and sedentary lifestyle are the major causes for heart disease. This article will provide all of us a brief knowledge of heart disease (hridaroga). One has correctly said “Prevention is better than cure”. So, this article will mainly focus on how we can prevent heart disease through ayurveda. Ayurveda is the best pathy to prevent lifestyle disorder. Here we will see various yoga asanas, various dietary habits, lifestyle modifications we can do to prevent the disease.

Keywords: Hridaroga, hridashoola, CVD
FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF ACYCLOVIR LOADED NOVEL NANO-EMULSION GEL FOR TOPICAL TREATMENT OF HERPES SIMPLEX VIRAL INFECTIONS
Authors: Patel Swati , Jain Prabhat , Parkhe Geeta
Published: November 2018

Acyclovir has low bioavailability mainly due to low solubility. This study aimed to formulate an optimized acyclovir (ACV) nanoemulsion gel for the slow, variable and incomplete oral drug absorption in patient suffering from herpes simplex viral infection. The dispersion solubility of acyclovir was studied in various oils, surfactants and co-surfactants and by constructing pseudo phase ternary diagram nanoemulsion area was identified. The optimized formulations of nanoemulsions were subjected to thermodynamic stability tests. After stability study, stable formulation was characterized for droplet size, pH determination, centrifugation, % drug content in nanoemulsion, Zeta Potential and Vesicle size measurement and than nanoemulsion gel were prepared and characterized for spreadability, measurement of viscosity, drug content, In-vitro diffusion, in-vitro release data. Span 40 was selected as surfactant, PEG 400 as co surfactant and castor oil as oil component based on solubility study. The in vitro drug release from acyclovir nanoemulsion gel was found to be considerably higher in comparison to that of the pure drug. The in-vitro diffusion of nanoemulsion gel was significantly good. Based on this study, it can be concluded the solubility and permeability of acyclovir can be increased by formulating into nanoemulsion gel.

Keywords: Acyclovir, Nanoemulsion, In-vitro diffusion, Zeta potential, Stability
WOUND HEALING POTENTIAL OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF FLOWERS OF BUTEA MONOSPERMA LINN. IN DIABETIC ANIMALS
Authors: Panwar Shweta , Jain Neetesh Kumar , Gupta MK
Published: November 2018

The main of our study is to evaluate the Wound Healing Potential of Methanolic Extract of Flowers of Butea monosperma Linn. in Diabetic Animals. Methanolic extract was prepared by continuous hot extraction method by soxhlet apparatus. Preliminary phytochemical screening showed the presence of flavonoids, phenolic compounds and some glycosides. Diabetes was induced by single injection of Alloxan monohydrate in Wistar albino rats and their blood glucose levels were measured. Excision wound model was used for creation of wound in diabetic animals and methanolic extract was administered in diabetic animals to observe its effect. Methanolic extract significantly lowered the blood glucose level and highly significantly showed wound contraction in diabetic animals. The preliminary phytochemical analysis of the Butea monosperma flower extract showed the presence of tannins, flavonoids and triterpenoids. As per previous literature survey, flavonoids are responsible for anti-diabetic and wound healing activity. So this wound healing effect of Butea monosperma may be due to presence of flavonoids in plant. Hence present research supports traditional claims of the plant in wound healing.

Keywords: Butea monosperma, Diabetic animals, Alloxan monohydrate, Methanolic Extract, Wound Area
FORMULATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND IN VITRO EVALUATION OF FLOATING MICROSPHERES OF MEBENDAZOLE AS A GASTRO RETENTIVE DOSAGE FORM
Authors: Parmar Lokesh , Gupta Mansi , Parkhe Geeta
Published: November 2018

The present study involves preparation and evaluation of floating microspheres using Mebendazole (MBZ) as a model drug for improving the drug bioavailability by prolongation of gastric retention time.  Ethyl cellulose, hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose microspheres loaded with mebendazole were prepared by solvent diffusion evaporation method. The microspheres had smooth surfaces, with free-flowing and good-packing properties. The yield of the microspheres was up to 85.65±0.14% and ethyl cellulose microspheres entrapped the maximum amount of the drug. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed their hollow structures with sizes in the range 215.1 to 251.80 nm. The prepared microspheres exhibited prolonged drug release and Percentage buoyancy was found to70.25±0.15. The formulated batches were evaluated for percentage yield, particle size measurement, flow properties, percent entrapment efficiency, swelling studies. The formulations were subjected to Stability studies and In-vitro release and Release kinetics data was subjected to different dissolution models.

Keywords: solvent diffusion evaporation method, Mebendazole, Ethyl cellulose, Hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose
GREEN SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SILVER NANO PARTICLES BY USING PSIDIUM GUAJAVA LEAF EXTRACT
Authors: TENKAYALA DR SHOBHA RANI , Sougandhi Pagadala R , Reddeppa Mekala. , Harini Sapara Sekhar , Gangadhara R.
Published: November 2018

In this study, rapid, simple approach was applied for synthesis of silver nanoparticles by using Psidium guajava aqueous leaf extract. The plant extract acts as both reducing agent and capping agent. The green synthesized silver nanoparticles were characterized by using physic-chemical techniques viz, UV-Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer [FTIR], Particle size analyser and Scanning electron microscopy. UV-Visible spectrophotometer showed absorbance peak in the range of 419nm.The compounds responsible for silver ions and the functional groups present in plant extract were identified and investigated by FTIR technique. The characterization data reveals that the particles were in crystalline in nature with an average size of 62nm. The silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) were rapidly synthesized using aqueous extract of guava leaf with AgNO3 solution within 15min at room temperature, without the involvement of any hazardous chemicals.

Keywords: Nano particles, green synthesis, Silver,  Psidium guajava and reducing agents.
Koeksistensi dan Inkoeksistensi Pengetahuan Pekerja Bangunan dan Arsitek Terdidik Terhadap Sloof
Authors: Umar Muhammad Zakaria , Andisiri La Ode Abdul Rachmad Sabdin
Published: November 2018

Di Kota Kendari, besi behel sloof dibuat segitiga oleh pekerja bangunan. Melalui penggalian mengenai sloof pada bangunan dan diperbandingkan antara pengetahuan pekerja bangunan serta pengetahuan arsitek terdidik, sehingga dapat terbangun sinergi diantara keduanya. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengkaji koeksistensi pengetahuan arsitek terdidik dan pekerja bangunan mengenai sloof. Jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan kausal komparatif digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Penelitan ini disimpulkan bahwa koeksistensi ditemukan pada pengertian sloof, ukuran sloof, komposisi campuran sloof, sloof terhadap pondasi, ukuran sloof terhadap pondasi, ukuran besi tulangan sloof untuk rumah berlantai satu, ukuran besi tulangan sloof untuk rumah berlantai dua, pengertian besi behel, besi behel terhadap beton, ukuran besi tulangan terhadap besi behel, jarak besi behel pada sloof, angkur ditekuk dalam sloof, komposisi campuran sloof, sloof terhadap rabat lantai, serta sloof terhadap ringbalk. Inkoeksistensi ditemukan dalam fungsi sloof, rumus dimensi sloof, posisi besi tulangan sloof terhadap besi tulangan kolom, ujung behel ditekuk, dan besi behel dibuat segitiga.
Molecular modeling studies of HIV-1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors using 3D-QSAR, virtual screening, and docking simulations
Authors: Tong Jian-Bo , Qin Shang-Shang , Lei Shan , Wang Yang
Published: November 2018

The ionic-interactions of acetic acid in H2O?PVOH and H2O?alcohol? PVOH solvent systems were studied at different temperatures by the viscosity method. The viscosities of the poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVOH) were increased with increasing concentration of PVOH and decreased with the increasing concentration of acetic acid. The viscosity data were used to evaluate the ion?ion interactions and ion?solvent interactions in terms of the A and B coefficients of the Jones?Dole equation, respectively. The negative values of the B-coefficient increased with increasing temperature, showing that the acid behaves as a structure breaker in PVOH?solvent mixtures and consequently, the values of the A-coefficient were decreased with increasing temperature. Thermodynamic parameters, such as energy of activation (Ea*), Gibbs energy change of activation (?G*) and entropy change of activation (?S*) were also calculated as a function of the acid (CH3COOH) concentration, PVOH composition, alcohols and temperature.
Addressing Childhood Obesity for Type 2 Diabetes Prevention: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Galuska Deborah A. , Gunn Janelle P. , O’Connor Ann E. , Petersen Ruth
Published: November 2018

IN BRIEF Addressing the problem of childhood obesity is an important component of preventing type 2 diabetes. Although children and their families ultimately make decisions about diet, physical activity, and obesity management, many groups have a role in making these choices easier. They do this by providing families with tools and resources and by implementing policies and practices that support a healthy diet and physical activity in the places where children and their families spend their time. Diabetes educators are an important part of the solution.
Digital Health–Supported Lifestyle Change Programs to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Kirley Kate , Sachdev Neha
Published: November 2018

IN BRIEF Type 2 diabetes can be prevented or delayed in people with prediabetes through participation in an intensive lifestyle change program (LCP), particularly one based on the Diabetes Prevention Program research study. Digital health offers opportunities to extend the reach of such LCPs and possibly improve on these programs, which traditionally have been delivered in person. In this review, we describe the current state of evidence regarding digital health–supported LCPs and discuss gaps in research and opportunities for future efforts.
Power of Prevention: The Pharmacist’s Role in Prediabetes Management
Authors: Hudspeth Brooke D.
Published: November 2018

IN BRIEF Although it is known that the National Diabetes Prevention Program can significantly reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes in individuals identified as being at high risk, there remains a large number of Americans in underserved areas who are not being reached. The field of pharmacy has the potential to bridge this gap and aid the United States in more comprehensively addressing its national diabetes health crisis, thus changing the future of diabetes for the better.
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Waterpipe Smokers in Sulaimani City/ Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Ibrahim Hama Rahim Bestun , M. Ibrahem Abdulrahman , Mustafa Kamal Niaz
Published: November 2018

Waterpipe smoking is a global phenomenon, particularly among youths and young adults. This practice is rising in the Middle East countries.  Waterpipe comprises many chemical toxins as cigarette smoke. Waterpipe smoking can cause several health problems. A descriptive case-series study was performed from 10th of October 2017 to 20th of December 2017 in eight waterpipe cafeterias in Sulaimani city. The current study involved 230 waterpipe smokers. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data. P-value ?0.05 was used to show a level of significance. The age range of the waterpipe smokers was 16-39 years with the mean age was 24.63 years.  The age distribution was a sharp peak in the age group of 21 to 25 years, over two fifths (40.9%) of the study subjects lay in this age group. The waterpipe smoking was higher in the individuals with high education level (52.2%). Regarding the participants’ occupations, the frequency of the waterpipe smoking was higher among self-employment. Over two-thirds of participants (68.7%) were unmarried. The main motives for waterpipe smoking were life pressures, pleasurable experience, and habit (31%, 27%, and 25% respectively). The majority of participants had a good knowledge about the negative health effects of waterpipe smoking. Approximately half of the participants (48.3%) possessed waterpipe at home, over two thirds (68.3%) of subjects preferred smoking waterpipe with their friends, half of the respondents (50.0%) preferred smoking waterpipe at the cafeteria. Likewise, over half of participants (51.3%) smoked waterpipe every day. The main reason for the intention to quit waterpipe was a health concern.
Attendance of Patients with ophthalmological problems about Eye Protection from UV/blue Light Radiation from Sun light and Electronic Devices in Sulaimani City
Authors: Qadir Mahmood Salah , Babakir-Mina Muhammad , Ibrahim Ali Salar , M. Ibrahem Abdulrahman , Kamal Talabany Bakhtyar
Published: November 2018

Ultraviolet (UV) and blue light are affecting eyes during the daily time and may cause many eye’s problems and diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the awareness of patients with ophthalmological problems on UV/blue light protection measures and to evaluate their knowledge and protection measures about radiation that emits from sun light and other electronic devices. It comprised a cross-sectional survey on a representative target population with eye diseases who visited the Shahid Aso Eye Hospital at Sulaimani city (sample size = 500). A special designed cross-sectional questionnaire was performed on a random sampling for data collection from 9th September 2017 to 1st January 2018. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22.0. There was an even distribution between male and female participants across the groups. The highest percentage of patients with light sensitivity was (79.6%) and the lowest percentage with eye injury was (7.8%). Most of participants had knowledge about the effects of UV/blue light on eye diseases by (52%), cataract (57.8%), glaucoma and red eye with percentage of (45.8%) and (43.4%) respectively. There was a significant difference for the males who were more game-player and using electronic devices like smartphone/tablet /iPad than females. There was a significant difference between male and female participants about the knowledge on harmful effects of radiation from electronic devices. Furthermore, only the patients with sun light sensitivity and cataract had a significant knowledge about harmful effects of radiation from electronic devices on human eyes. Finally, most of the patients with dry eyes, eye/lid infection and glaucoma and cataract had significantly more practices for taking visual breaks when using electronic devices. This study concluded that the patients with ophthalmological problems show a low level of knowledge and protection measurements on the harmful effects of UV/blue light on human eyes and radiation protection. Additionally, this study has discovered that sun protection measures are commonly inadequate among the participants and on a regular basis only a small portion of participants were used the sun protection requirements.
Seleukoslar döneminde Antiokheia’da sosyal ve kültürel yaşam üzerine analizler
Authors: YILDIRIM Nurgül , TEMİZKAN Meltem
Published: November 2018

M. Ö. 300 yılı Antiokheia’nın (Antakya) Yakındoğu topraklarının önemli bir bölümünü ele geçiren Makedon Seleukoslar tarafından başkent ilan edildiği ve bir başkente yakışır imar faaliyetlerinin başlatıldığı yılı temsil etmiştir. Başlatılan bu imar faaliyetlerinin çoğunlukla Makedon ve Yunan izleri taşıması, kentin yerel dokusuyla uyumu noktasında büyük ayrışmalara neden olmuş, bu ayrışmanın yalnızca imar faaliyetleriyle sınırlı kalmayıp zamanla tüm sosyal alanları etkilediği kabul edilmiştir. Zengin yerel kültür üzerinde egemenlik kurmak amacıyla Seleukoslar büyük ölçüde Antiokheia ve yakın çevresindeki göçmen Yunan ve Makedon nüfusa güvenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda oluşturdukları yeni sosyal tabakalaşma yerli erkeklere yönetimlerinin alt ve orta kademelerinde yer vermeleriyle şekillenmiştir. Antiokheia’da Seleukoslar öncesi dönemde ve Seleukoslar’ın egemenlikleri döneminde var olan inanç sisteminin değiştirilmesi yönünde yapılan faaliyetler sonucunda çıkan isyanlarla birlikte kentte baskın rol oynayan halkların kendi kültürlerini sürdürme noktasında direniş içerisine girdikleri de gözlemlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, Seleukoslar’ın Antiokheia’yı başkent olarak belirlemeleri ve hızla kendi kültürleri olan Yunan etkilerinin yansıtıldığı görkemli bir krali merkez kurma çabalarının,  bu kentte var olan yerli unsurlara ait sağlam kültürel birikime etkisinin ve özellikle yerel kültürü var eden unsurlara ait sosyal yaşamı etkileyen izlerin analizi amaçlanmıştır.
Pathways to project delivery success and failure in Indian road public–private partnership projects
Authors: Vasudevan Vinod , Goenka Nitish , Garvin Michael
Published: November 2018

This study examines conditions that impact PPP delivery success or failure in the roadways sector in India using Qualitative Comparative Analysis. QCA is well-suited for problems where multiple factors combine to create pathways leading to an outcome. Past investigations have compared PPP and non-PPP project delivery performance, but this study examines performance within PPPs by uncovering a set of conditions that combine to influence the success or failure road PPP project delivery in India. Based on data from 21 cases, pathways explaining project delivery success or failure were identified. Specifically, PPPs with high concessionaire equity investment and low regional industrial activity led to project delivery success. Projects with lower concessionaire equity investment and low reliance on toll revenue and with either: (a) high project technical complexity or (b) high regional industrial activity, led to project delivery failure. The pathways identified did not have coverage values that they were extremely strong. Coverage strength was hindered by lack of access to information on additional conditions that could be configurationally important. Further, certain characteristics of the Indian market limit generalization. Identification of combinations of conditions leading to PPP project delivery success or failure improves knowledge of the impacts of structure and characteristics of these complex arrangements. This study is one of the first to use fuzzy QCA to understand project delivery success/failure in road PPP projects. Moreover, this study takes into account factors specific to a sector and delivery mode to explain project delivery performance.
On the Effects of Infrastructure Investment on Economic Performance in Ontario
Authors: Pereira Alfredo Marvao , Pereira Rui Manuel
Published: November 2018

Over the past decade, Ontario has seen a renewal in efforts to stimulate economic growth by investing in infrastructures. In this paper, we analyze the impact of public infrastructure investment on economic performance in this province. We use a multivariate dynamic time series methodological approach, based on the use of vector autoregressive models to estimate the elasticities and marginal products of six different types of public infrastructure assets on private investment, employment and output. We find that all types of public investment crowd in private investment while investment in highways, roads, and bridges crowds out employment. We also find that all types of public investment, with the exception of highways, roads and bridges, have a positive effect on output. The relatively large range of results estimated for the impact of each of the different public infrastructure types suggests that a targeted approach to the design of infrastructure investment policy is required. Infrastructure investment in transit systems and health facilities display the highest returns for output and the largest effects on employment and labor productivity. In terms of the nature of the empirical results presented here it would be important to highlight the fact that investments in health infrastructures as well as investments in education infrastructures are of great relevance. This is a pattern consistent with the mounting international evidence on the importance of human capital for long term economic performance.
Design of Internet Controlled Switch Box using IoT
Authors: Karthi A. , Sabaresh G.
Published: November 2018

IoT (Internet of things) is a developing technique that is more useful to control or monitor the appliances via internet. Existing appliances can be connected to WIFI network and to internet with the help of ESP8266 microcontroller.Â Â  A web socket is implemented in ESP8266 and it can be accessed through mobile Android application. Home appliances connected in smart switch box, people can control appliances anytime anywhere. This paper gives overview of Internet Controlled Switch Box.
Análise dos casos de nefrite lúpica na cidade de Catanduva - SP
Authors: Pasqualetto Francieli Carolini , Estareli Bruno Henrique , Stuchi Nathália Maciel Maniezzo
Published: November 2018

Objetivo: Avaliar o número de casos de nefrite lúpica em pacientes com Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico (LES) na cidade de Catanduva-SP entre os anos de 2010 a 2015. Métodos: A análise dos prontuários, obtidos nos hospitais Emílio Carlos e Padre Albino da cidade de Catanduva-SP, resultou em um total de 30 pacientes com LES. Resultados: Todos os pacientes selecionados eram do sexo feminino e o maior número de casos foi na faixa etária de 30 a 39 anos (33,3%), além de haver aumento no número de atendimentos devido à doença ao longo dos anos. A ocorrência de casos de comprometimento renal decorrente de nefrite lúpica ocorreu em 7 desses pacientes (23.3%). Todos os pacientes com nefrite lúpica apresentavam fator antinuclear reagente e proteinúria 24h aumentada, destes, 5 apresentaram hipertensão arterial sistêmica. Esses fatores, juntamente com anormalidades no sedimento urinário são determinantes em uma avaliação do comprometimento renal, sendo a biópsia o principal padrão para se determinar a cronicidade da doença. Conclusão: Uma maior elucidação da nefrite lúpica nesses pacientes não foi possível devido à falta de informações a respeito da biópsia nos prontuários, impossibilitando assim a classificação dos mesmos, além disso ocorreu erros na notificação da patologia, tornando um diagnóstico impreciso.
Prediksi Besaran Curah Hujan Menggunakan Metode Fuzzy Time Series
Authors: Desmonda Diera , Tursina Tursina , Irwansyah Muhammad Azhar
Published: November 2018

Iklim tropis yang memiliki dua musim, yakni musim penghujan dan musim kemarau yang seharusnya berputar setiap enam bulan sekali. Namun beberapa tahun terakhir ini, perubahan iklim global terasa ditandai dengan tidak menentunya perputaran musim kemarau maupun musim penghujan. Untuk mengetahui perubahan pola curah hujan tersebut, maka dirancanglah prediksi besaran curah hujan untuk melihat dan menganalisa pola hujan yang akan terbentuk ke depannya. Aplikasi prediksi besaran curah hujan yang akan dibangun menggunakan forecasting atau peramalan dengan metode Fuzzy Time Series. Logika fuzzy digunakan karena dapat memetakan suatu input ke dalam suatu output dan memiliki toleransi terhadap data-data yang tersedia. Adapun hasil dari penelitian yang dilakukan adalah mengimplementasikan metode Fuzzy Time Series untuk membangun aplikasi yang dapat mengolah dan menghitung pola data curah hujan serta memprediksi besaran curah hujan. Hasil dari pengujian diperoleh nilai MAPE (Mean Average Percentage Error) bervariasi tergantung jumlah data dan jumlah interval yang digunakan. Nilai MAPE terbaik yang diperoleh adalah 0,151% pada penggunaan data curah hujan periode 2015 – 2017 dengan jumlah interval 401. Perhitungan menggunakan metode Fuzzy Time Series sangat dipengaruhi oleh jumlah data yang digunakan dan jumlah interval dalam membagi data tersebut.
Ipuinetako pertsonaiak ezaugarritzeko komunikazio-estrategiak: irakaslearentzako gida xume ulerterraza
Authors: Aizpurua Lide , Beaskoetxea Udane , Karrillo Joana , Iruskieta Quintian Mikel
Published: November 2018

Lan honetan haurrei eskolan kontakizun adierazgarriak aurkeztearen garrantzia azpimarratzen da eta horretarako kontalariak zein komunikazio-estrategia erabil ditzakeen proposatzen da. Kasu honetan, irakurketako estrategia horiek pertsonaiak ezaugarritzeko erabiliko ditugu, pertsonaien nortasunari, emozioei eta kontakizunaren kokapenari arreta eskainiz. Irakurritakoa Haur Hezkuntzako haurrei zuzenduta dagoenez, dualismoan oinarritutako sailkapenak eta horri dagozkion ipuinetako adibideak bildu dira, proposamena ulergarriago egiteko. Adibide horiek guztiak oinarritzat erabiliko dira erakusteko nola hobetu daitekeen irakurketa ozen esanguratsua. Pertsonaiak ezaugarritzeko estrategien inbentario bat proposatu dugu eta horiek baliatzeko eta planifikatzeko markaketa-sistema bat.
Oferta y demanda de cuidado de infantes en Asunción, Paraguay. Periodo 2011-2016
Authors: Achinelli Báez Marcela , González Burgos Paola , Montalto Gaona Belém
Published: November 2018

El artículo oferta y demanda de cuidado de infantes en Asunción, Paraguay pretende plantear un problema invisibilizado sobre el servicio de cuidado, quienes cuidan y quienes necesitan cuidado. El empoderamiento económico de las mujeres es uno de los grandes desafíos, lo cual pone en debate el cuidado y el trabajo, foco de las desigualdades de género, y principal barrera de entrada para la inserción de la mujer en el mercado laboral formal. La metodología fue de tipo bibliográfica-documental y de campo, analizando datos a nivel país, central y capital de la Dirección General de Estadística, Encuestas y Censos del periodo 2011-2016. Para el trabajo de campo se realizaron encuestas tanto a proveedoras como demandantes del servicio de cuidado, a través de plataformas online y visitas a centro de formación, siendo el levantamiento de datos por muestreo convencional. Paraguay inserta el cuidado a partir de la Constitución Nacional, el Código Laboral y la Ley del Trabajo Doméstico. Sin embargo, de acuerdo al análisis realizado, las mujeres fueron quienes cargaron con mayor tiempo de cuidado y son quienes se encuentran en inactividad laboral en un  66,7%. La profesionalización del trabajo de cuidado es una alternativa para la articulación de la oferta y demanda, siendo varias las instituciones destinadas a brindar promoción profesional. El trabajo de cuidar a otras personas, visibilizado como profesión, empoderaría a quienes lo realizan; y quienes necesiten de los servicios podrían recibirlos sin mayores dificultades, atendiendo que los espacios de cotidianeidad deben ser espacios de políticas públicas.
Violencia en puérperas asociada a sus creencias sobre autonomía y derechos sexuales
Authors: Arrom Suhurt Carmen Marina , Fresco A. María Del Pilar , Arrom Cristina H. , Ruoti Mónica , Arrom de Orrego María Auxiliadora , Capurro Marcos Hernán
Published: November 2018

Introducción: las normas sociales y culturales tradicionales de género con frecuencia hacen a las mujeres más vulnerables a la violencia infligida por la pareja. Objetivo: se buscó asociar las creencias sobre autonomía y derechos sexuales con violencia en puérperas víctimas. Materiales y métodos: investigación retrospectiva, con fuentes secundarias y muestreo consecutivo. 304 puérperas fueron entrevistadas en un hospital público con un cuestionario estructurado que contenía características socio-demográficas, la Escala de Gelles y Straus para medir diferentes formas de violencia y un listado de 11 dichos populares. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva y analítica para el análisis de la información. Resultados: 32,2% (98) fue víctima de violencia Psicológica; 8,6% (26) de violencia física; 8,6% (26) abuso sexual. Se encontró una correlación (p < 0,000) entre víctimas de violencia psicológica y quienes portaban creencias en Quien te quiere te aporrea y (p < 0,039) Si a una mujer el marido le golpea, por algo será. Correlación (p < 0,000) entre víctimas de violencia física y acuerdos con Quien te quiere te aporrea y (p < 0,035) Si a una mujer el marido le golpea, por algo será, entre otros. Conclusiones: Mayoría estuvo de acuerdo con dichos sobre autonomía de la mujer y derechos sexuales y en desacuerdo con aquellos de violencia de género. Finalmente es de destacar la asociación significativa entre una minoría de puérperas, víctimas de violencia de diferentes formas, que estaba en desacuerdo con la autonomía y derechos sexuales y de acuerdo con expresiones que legitiman violencia de género.
Atención educativa oportuna para el desarrollo integral a niños y niñas de 3 años
Authors: Pacheco Claudia , Elías Rodolfo , Díaz Uan José , Aquino Sánchez Blanca , Caballero Plate Alejandro , Gaona Oscar , López Nélida , Romei Román María de Lourdes , Brítez Rodrigo Gustavo
Published: November 2018

El término desarrollo Infantil implica una concepción integral, que incluye no sólo destrezas y conocimientos verbales e intelectuales, sino también habilidades sociales, el desarrollo de la motricidad fina y estrategias de aprendizaje, cómo dirigir la atención, la inhibición de las conductas impulsivas y una condición adecuada de salud y nutrición. Tal como se afirma en el Plan Nacional de Desarrollo Integral de la Primera Infancia (PNDIPI, 2011), la primera infancia requiere una atención integral para incluir el cuidado o protección que necesitan el niño y la niña, para preservar la vida en sus aspectos básicos (salud, nutrición, prevención y afecto) y favorecer su sano y adecuado crecimiento.
Hogares de madres embarazadas con niños, niñas y adolescentes testigos de violencia doméstica
Authors: Fresco María Del Pilar , Arrom Cristina , Arrom de Orrego María Auxiliadora , Ruoti Mónica , Arrom Suhurt Carmen Marina , Capurro Marcos Hernán
Published: November 2018

Se exploró en una población de mujeres embarazadas que acudieron a control pre natal la exposición de sus hijos e hijas menores de 18 años como testigos de violencia doméstica. Investigación retrospectiva, con fuentes secundarias, de 635 mujeres embarazadas en control pre natal de hospitales públicos con muestreo consecutivo. Se aplicó la Escala de Gelles y Straus y estadística descriptiva y analítica. 1222 niños, niñas y adolescentes menores de 18 años fueron testigos de distintos tipos de violencia en tanto 462 no. En el En el 71,8% (456) de los hogares, la población fue testigo de violencia psicológica, siendo el 72,6%, (331 hogares) con bajos ingresos (entre 500.000 y 1.000.000 gs); 10,7% (48 hogares sin ingresos) y un total de 1222 menores de 18 años. En el 26,9% (171 hogares) testigos de violencia física, siendo el 74,3% (127 hogares) con bajos ingresos (entre 500.000 y 1.000.000 gs); 7,6% (13 hogares) sin ingresos y un total de 364 menores de 18 años. Factores de vulnerabilidad socio-económica acompañan a mayoría de hogares con mujeres embarazadas y población infanto juvenil víctima y testigo de violencia doméstica.
Air Pollution Levels by Re-suspended and Airborne Dust Due to Traffic Movement at the Main High Traffic Crossroads of Hilla City, Iraq
Authors: Al-Zubaidi Hussein A. M. , Naje Ahmed Samir
Published: November 2018

This research includes a monitoring and an evaluation of the air pollution levels generated by the re-suspended and airborne dust due to traffic movement at the main busy crossroads of Hilla City, Nader Crossroad and Al-Thowra Crossroad, Iraq. The re-suspended dust is one of the most important contributors towards overall atmospheric pollution, especially when the roads are unpaved or under maintenance with high traffic load such as Nader Crossroad, which was under maintenance to construct a bridge on it. The concentrations of the total suspended particulate matters were determined at the two locations using portable air sampler during traffic rush hour on sunny moderated weekdays for four months, December 2011, February 2012, April 2012, and May 2012. The results have confirmed the contribution of the unpaved roads in air pollution. The results showed that the average TSP levels at Nader Crossroad was higher than the average TSP levels at Al-Thowra Crossroad during the total period of the study in which the minimum TSP level at Nader Crossroad was 5676.67 μg/m3, which was higher than the maximum TSP level at Al-Thowra Crossroad, 4096.41 μg/m3. In addition, the re-suspended dust concentrations that were measured in this study and ranged from 426.06 to 9348.95 μg/m3 are much higher than the American Environmental Protection Agency acceptable limits of national ambient air quality standards for the particulate matter.
Metinlerarası ve Metinlerarasılık Konusunda Yapılan Lisansüstü Tezlerin İncelenmesi
Authors: YURDAKAL İbrahim Halil
Published: November 2018

Bu
araştırmanın amacı, 1993-2018 yılları arasında metinlerarası ve
metinleraraslılık konuları üzerine yapılan lisansüstü (yüksek lisans ve
doktora) tezlerin çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesidir. Metinlerarası
ve metinleraraslılık konuları üzerine hazırlanan lisansüstü tezler; yıllara,
üniversitelere, örnekleme/çalışma grubuna ve yöntemlerine göre
değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, 1993-2018 yılları arasında
YÖK Tez Merkezine kayıtlı elektronik olarak ulaşılabilen metinlerarası ve
metinleraraslılık konuları üzerine hazırlanmış 38 yüksek lisans, 1 sanatta
yeterlilik ve 10 doktora tezi olmak üzere toplam 49 tez oluşturmaktadır.
Araştırmanın verileri, nitel araştırma desenine uygun olarak doküman incelemesi
tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında toplanan veriler, betimsel
analiz yöntemiyle çözümlenmiş ve analiz edilen veriler tablolaştırılarak sunulmuştur.