bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RETENTION AIGUE D’URINES APRES CHIRURGIE DIGESTIVE : EPIDEMIOLOGIE ET FACTEURS DE RISQUE
Authors: OUEDRAOGO, et al... Souleymane
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT Purpose : post-operative urinary retention is a common postoperative complication that aggravates postoperative morbidity. Objective : the aim of this study was to determine the frequency and identify the predictive factors of post-operative urinary retention (POR) complicating digestive surgery. Patients and methods : this was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study conducted at the surgery department of the Ouahigouya CHUR over the period from 2017 to 2021. All patients over the age of 17 undergoing digestive surgery were included. The clinical aspects were compared between the group of patients who presented POR and that of patients who did not present POR. Results : a total of 2567 patients were included in the study. Their average age was 35.6 years. Among the patients included, 127 (4.9%) presented with RUPO. Of the patients who presented with RUPO, 99 were male (77.9%). The sex ratio was 3.5. The risk of RUPO was significantly higher in patients over 39 years old than in patients under 39 years old (85% Vs 15% ; P<0.01). it was also higher in male patients (78% vs. 12% ; P < 0.01). The other predictive factors for the occurrence of RUPO were the presence in the history of diabetes, an episode of urinary retention and prostatic hypertrophy. Pre- or per-operative bladder catheterization and the use of atropine were also associated with a higher risk. Conclusion : RUPO is common in digestive surgery. Preventive measures, based on the control of predictive factors would reduce its frequency. Keywords : Post-operative urinary retention; digetive surgery ; anesthesia
LES OCCLUSIONS INTESTINALES MECANIQUES : ASPECTS EPIDEMIOLOGIQUES, DIAGNOSTIQUES ET THERAPEUTIQUES, A PROPOS DE 74 CAS, AU SERVICE DE CHIRURGIE GENERALE DU CENTRE HOSPITALIER REGIONAL AMISSA BONGO DE FRANCEVILLE, GABON
Authors: NGAKANI OFFOBO Silvère
Published: November 2024

Summary Introduction: Acute mechanical intestinal obstructions occupy an important place among digestive surgical emergencies and are of particular interest to young adults. Aim: The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiological, clinical diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of mechanical intestinal obstruction at CHRAB Franceville. Patients and method: this was a prospective, descriptive and analytical study, conducted from September 2015 to December 2021, at the surgery department of CHRAB Franceville Gabon. Were included, all patients operated for mechanical occlusion. We had collected for each patient, the epidemiological profile, clinical, biological, radiological and therapeutic particularities. Data analysis was performed using Epi info version 6.0 software. Result : we collected 74 cases of mechanical intestinal obstruction, i.e. 6.9% of digestive surgical emergencies. The male sex was the most frequent (55.4%) with a sex ratio of 1.2; the average age was 33.4 years. The main etiologies were: flanges and adhesions (n= 28) 37.8%, acute intestinal intussusceptions (n= 16; 21.6%), volvulus (n= 8; 10.8%), strangulated hernias (n= 8; 10.8%). Postoperative complications accounted for 24.8%. The overall mortality was 9.4%. Conclusion: Acute mechanical intestinal obstruction is a frequent medical and surgical emergency in our regions. Improving the prognosis of mechanical intestinal obstructions depends on early and adequate patient management Keywords: intestinal obstructions, mechanics, surgery, Franceville, Gabon
LES TORSIONS DU CORDON SPERMATIQUE : ASPECTS DU DIAGNOSTIC ET PRINCIPES THERAPEUTIQUES AU CENTRE HOSPITALIER REGIONAL AMISSA BONGO DE FRANCEVILLE.
Authors: Ngakani, et al... Offobo Silvère
Published: November 2024

Summary Introduction: Torsion of the spermatic cord is a functional emergency requiring surgical exploration at the slightest clinical doubt. Main: The main was to describe the characteristics, clinics, and therapeutic principles of torsion of the spermatic cord at the Amissa Bongo Franceville regional hospital center. Patients and methods: We conducted a retrospective, descriptive and analytical study over a period of three years from April 2017 to May 2021 at the Amissa Bongo regional hospital in Franceville, Gabon. The inclusion criteria were data collected in registers, complete files and patients operated on after informed consent. The non-inclusion criteria wereincomplete files and patients who were not operated on. All the epidemiological, etiological, clinical, therapeutic and evolutionary aspects of the patients were noted. Results: We collected 15 cases of torsion of the spermatic cord (TCS) during the study period. TCS was confirmed in 15 patients at exploratory scrotomy. The average age of the patients was 16.6 years (extremes of 12 and 30 years). The average consultation time was 48.4 hours and 13 patients consulted after the sixth hour. The painful swelling of the hemibursa was the dominant physical sign. Orchiectomy was performed in 13 patients and 2 patients received conservative treatment. The postoperative course was simple in all patients with an average hospital stay of 3.5 days. Conclusion: Torsion of the spermatic cord is a functional emergency requiring surgical exploration at the slightest clinical doubt. Keywords: testicle, spermatic cord, torsion, pain
BILAN DES THYROÏDECTOMIES AU SERVICE DE CHIRURGIE GENERALE DU CHU ARISTIDE LE DANTEC : ETUDE RETROSPECTIVE ET DESCRIPTIVE DE 6 ANS.
Authors: Seck, et al... Mamadou
Published: November 2024

Abstract Thyroidectomy is increasingly safe, due to a marked reduction in its complications, in line with greater experience of specialized services. Aim: the objective was to take an assessment of thyroidectomies in our surgical department. Patients and methods: this is a retrospective study, from January 2014 to December 2019 at the General Surgery Department of the Aristide Le Dantec University Hospital. We collected 119 files of patients undergoing thyroidectomy for supposedly benign thyreopathy. Results: these are 111 women and 8 men, for a sex ratio of 0.072. The mean of age was 41 years old. Clinically, anterior cervical mass (ACM) was found in 96.6% of cases and thyrotoxicosis syndrome in 7.1% of cases. Thyroid ultrasound was performed in 84.9% of cases. The indication was dominated by hetero-multinodular goiter (52.1%) and 89.1% of patients had euthyroidism. Thyroidectomy was complete in 78.15% of cases. The rate of compliance with the preoperative indication was 98%. The operative morbidity was low and the complications were mainly endocrine, likehypoparathyroidism (4.2%) and neurological, like recurrent nerve palsy (3.3%). Histopathological examination of the operative specimens revealed benign goiter in 94.1% of cases. Conclusion: thyroidectomy represents an important part of the activity of the General Surgery Department. The indications are dominated by hetero-multi-nodular goiter. Thyroidectomy is the most common surgical procedure and morbidity is dominated by recurrent nerves and parathyroids injury. Keywords: hetero-multinodular goiter, Graves ‘disease, thyroidectomy, morbidity
MYXOME CARDIAQUE SIMULANT UNE ATTEINTE MITRALE : À PROPOS D'UN CAS
Authors: Diagne, et al... Papa Amath
Published: November 2024

Abstract Introduction: The authors present one case of an atypical location of left atrial myxoma. Observation: This location of the tumor resulted in mitral and tricuspid insufficiency in a 35-year-old man. The objective of this study is to prevent complications that may occur in myxomas of the left atrium simulating a clinical picture of mitral narrowing through surgery. Surgery under extracorporeal circulation with a left atriotomy approach allowed complete removal of the tumour in this case. The purpose of this procedure is to remove the entire mass while preserving valve continence and preventing tumor recurrence. Conclusion: Left atrial myxomas can simulate mitral valve disease. Total resection with preservation of valvular continence is the therapeutic solution. Keywords: atriotomy, cardiac Surgery, myxoma, cardiac tumour
Examining the Relationship between Social Maturity, Academic Engagement, and Personality Traits in Secondary School Students
Authors: Amiri Farzad , Mohammadi Miraziz Mohammadreza , Ghobadi Ali
Published: November 2024

This study aimed to examine the relationship between social maturity, academic engagement, and personality traits in secondary school students in Kermanshah. The research method was descriptive-correlational. From all secondary school students in Kermanshah during the academic year 2023-2024, a total of 200 students were selected using convenience sampling. Participants completed the Johnson Triarchic Personality Questionnaire (Johnson, 2018), the Academic Engagement Questionnaire by Fredericks et al. (2004), and the Adolescent Social Achievement Goal Scale by Ryan and Shim (2008). The research hypotheses were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, path analysis, and the Sobel test. Results showed that the direct effect of social maturity and avoidance of revealing social immaturity on academic engagement was not significant; however, the direct effect of social maturity on academic engagement was positive and significant. Additionally, findings revealed that the direct effect of the personality traits empathy, compassion, and altruism on academic engagement was not significant. The direct effect of social maturity on the personality traits of empathy, compassion, and altruism was positive and significant. The direct effect of social maturity on empathy as a personality trait was negative and significant. However, the direct effect of social maturity avoidance of revealing social immaturity on empathy as a personality trait was not significant.
Providing a Model for Collaborative Learning in Virtual Environments (Case Study: Islamic Azad Universities in Tehran)
Authors: Zaheri Nasrin , Shariatmadari Mehdi , Khorshidi Abbas , Delgoshaei Yalda
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study is to design a model for collaborative learning in virtual environments, specifically focusing on the Islamic Azad Universities in Tehran. The research is applied in terms of its goal, employs qualitative data, and is exploratory in nature, based on a grounded theory approach. The study population consists of experts, and 15 experts were selected for interviews through theoretical sampling of the snowball type, based on theoretical data saturation. A semi-structured interview was used as the research tool, organizing the dimensions, components, and indicators of the collaborative learning model in virtual environments. Initially, several models, findings, studies, and national and global theories were reviewed to create the interview form. Subsequently, open coding was used to identify indicators, and axial coding categorized them into dimensions, components, and indicators, which were then sent to the 15 experts. Through selective coding, interviews, the Delphi method, and brainstorming, the dimensions and components were identified. As a result, three dimensions, nine components, and 62 indicators for the virtual collaborative learning model were finalized. Following the experts' final validation and prioritization, the model's dimensions, components, and indicators were mapped, and the model was re-validated by experts.
Examination of the Status of Privacy in the Legal Systems of Iran and Iraq
Authors: Abdulhasan Yassin Mohammad Ali , Pourkhaqan Shahrezaee Zainab , Abdul Hamzah Baawi Ayad , Sharif Shahi Mohammad
Published: November 2024

Privacy is one of the fundamental human rights issues and a concept integral to developed legal systems, closely linked to human dignity. Respect for individuals' privacy encompasses the sanctity of their residence and workplace, as well as the confidentiality of their communications and correspondences. The legislator has sought to establish specific rules and regulations regarding the search and inspection of homes and premises, particularly during the preliminary investigation stage, to ensure that the collection of evidence is lawful, legitimate, and its admissibility is contingent upon respecting individuals' privacy. Today, safeguarding citizens' privacy and addressing its violation by others is a serious human rights issue, where effective management ensures public peace and comfort. Furthermore, the protection of privacy creates the necessary conditions for the growth and development of individuals' personalities. With the advancement of technology and human progress, invasions of personal privacy have increased, prompting the legislator to enact new laws to protect individuals' privacy. The Islamic Penal Code, Criminal Procedure Code, Constitution, laws and regulations pertaining to postal communications, telephone, press law, and the Charter of Citizens' Rights are among the laws and regulations that, at times implicitly and at other times explicitly, have supported privacy. The aim of the present research is a comparative study of criminal protection of privacy in the legal systems of Iran and Iraq. Using a descriptive-analytical method, the researcher has concluded that when dealing with crimes in cyberspace, modern technology, or new forms of deviance, it is necessary to move beyond traditional and classical definitions, reassess or reinterpret the nature of these issues, and then define the criminal act and determine its punishment based on scientific criteria. These criteria include the extent of harm caused to the victim, the values protected, real benchmarks such as the scope and impact of the crime, and considering causality and proportionality, which are critical in criminal law.
Critical Factors of Slacktivists (Virtual Supporters) Regarding the COVID-19 Crisis in Iran
Authors: Khorsand Maryam , Rahmanzadeh Seyed Ali , Aghili Seyed Vahid , Hashem Zahi Nowroz
Published: November 2024

The physical distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic led individuals to increasingly utilize modern communication technologies, particularly social networks, where slacktivists, as users of these networks, expressed their concerns. The aim of this study is to identify the primary, secondary, and organizing themes of the critical factors raised by slacktivists concerning the COVID-19 crisis in Iran. The approach of this research is qualitative, with data collected through exploratory interviews until theoretical saturation was reached, involving 10 experts in communication and health. The thematic analysis method was used for data analysis. Six organizing themes were identified: "government performance, lack of statistical and informational dissemination from official networks and institutions, dissemination of non-scientific content, rumors, lack of oversight on individuals' activities in cyberspace, and the weakness of specialized and responsible groups in providing accurate information." Slacktivists specifically criticized the government's failures in controlling the spread of COVID-19. They pointed out that some countries were able to respond more effectively to the pandemic. These critiques are grounded in the belief that structural challenges in the health and social systems, along with the weakness of responsible institutions in providing accurate information, contributed to the inadequate control of the COVID-19 crisis.
Examining the Mediating Role of Body Esteem in the Relationship Between Social Body Anxiety and Health-Oriented Lifestyle in Women with Obesity
Authors: Hajiebrahim Araghi Bita , Rahmani Mohammad Ali , Rahimaghaee Flora
Published: November 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the mediating role of body esteem in the relationship between social body anxiety and a health-oriented lifestyle in women with obesity. Methods and Materials: The present study is applied in nature and belongs to the category of correlational designs, specifically structural equation modeling. The statistical population consisted of all women with obesity who visited obesity and beauty clinics in various regions of Tehran in 2023. The sample size was determined using Stevens' (1996) sample estimation method, with a total of 250 participants considered. Data were collected using the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP) by Walker et al. (1987), the Social Physique Anxiety Scale by Hart et al. (1989), and the Body Esteem Scale by Mendelson et al. (2001). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 26 and AMOS version 24. Findings: Pearson correlation results showed a significant relationship between social body anxiety, body esteem, and a health-oriented lifestyle. The results also indicated that social anxiety (β = -0.202, P = 0.033) had a significant negative effect on a health-oriented lifestyle, and body esteem (β = 0.285, P = 0.011) had a significant positive effect on a health-oriented lifestyle. Social anxiety (β = -0.379, P < 0.001) had a significant negative effect on body esteem. Additionally, the results showed that body esteem plays a mediating role in the relationship between social body anxiety and a health-oriented lifestyle in women with obesity, with an indirect effect of -0.1102. Conclusion: Overall, the results indicate that body esteem significantly mediates this relationship. Specifically, social anxiety can impact a health-oriented lifestyle through its effect on body esteem. This suggests that changes in body esteem can alter the way social anxiety affects a health-oriented lifestyle. The negative indirect effect suggests that the relationship between social anxiety and a health-oriented lifestyle is inversely influenced by body esteem.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Job Burnout and Psychological Well-being of Nurses
Authors: Ashoori Naghmeh , Rafiepoor Amin , Sabet Mehrdad
Published: November 2024

Objective: The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) on job burnout and psychological well-being among nurses. Methods and Materials: The research method was quasi-experimental, employing a pre-test, post-test, follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all female nurses of Hazrat Rasoul Akram Hospital in Tehran in the spring of 2023, from which 45 individuals were selected using purposive sampling and were randomly assigned to two intervention groups and one control group. The research instruments included the Maslach Burnout Inventory (Maslach et al., 1996) and the Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale - Short Form (Ryff, 1989). After conducting 8 sessions of Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and 8 sessions of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for the intervention groups, the data were analyzed using SPSS software version 24. Findings: Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy had significant effects on job burnout and psychological well-being in the intervention groups (P < 0.01), and the differences in the mean scores of job burnout and psychological well-being among the Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy groups, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy groups, and the control group were statistically significant (P < 0.01). Conclusion: The results indicated that both Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy are effective in improving job burnout and psychological well-being among nurses. It is recommended that healthcare administrators and specialists conduct empowerment programs with a Cognitive-Behavioral or Acceptance and Commitment approach.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Schema Therapy and Narrative Therapy on the Psychological Well-being of Women Affected by Infidelity
Authors: Kashi Pazha Anousheh , Sadeghian Sahar , Vasheghani Farahani Narjes , Haji Arab Elham
Published: November 2024

Objective: The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of schema therapy and narrative therapy on the psychological well-being of women affected by infidelity. Methods and Materials: The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test, and control group design with a follow-up period. The statistical population of the present study included all women affected by infidelity who sought counseling services at centers located in District 1 of Tehran in 2024. A total of 45 individuals were purposefully selected and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group. The instrument used in this research was the Psychological Well-Being Questionnaire (Ryff, 2002). The schema therapy intervention and White's (2017) narrative therapy protocol were implemented in 12 group sessions, each lasting 120 minutes, conducted twice a week for the first and second experimental groups. Data were analyzed using mixed ANOVA. Findings: The results of the ANOVA indicated a significant difference in psychological well-being between the groups in the post-test and follow-up phases (P<0.05). The results showed that schema therapy was significantly more effective than narrative therapy in improving the psychological well-being of women affected by infidelity, and a significant difference was observed between the two treatments (P<0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that there is a significant difference between schema therapy and narrative therapy.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Group Counseling Using Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Self-Compassion in Mothers
Authors: Fatahi Mahmoud , Vaisi Asadollah , Moradi Omid
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of group counseling using Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on self-compassion among mothers of educable children. Methods and Materials: This research was a quasi-experimental study with a control group, utilizing a pre-test and post-test design with a control group and a 5-month follow-up period. The sampling method was simple random sampling. The statistical population consisted of 407 mothers of educable exceptional students, from which 36 participants were selected using random numbers and divided into three groups. The Self-Compassion Scale (Neff, 2003) was used as the assessment tool. Data analysis was conducted using covariance analysis to compare the means. SPSS software (version 22) was used for data analysis. Findings: The results showed that Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy had an impact of 59.6% and 27.9%, respectively, on increasing self-compassion compared to the control group (F = 106.891, P < 0.001). Conclusion: In conclusion, the study demonstrated that both Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) effectively increase self-compassion in mothers of educable children, with ACT showing a greater impact. These findings highlight the potential of ACT and MBCT as effective interventions for enhancing psychological well-being in this population.
Development of a Structural Model for Predicting Psychological Well-Being Based on Mindfulness with the Mediating Role of Resilience in Women on the Verge of Divorce in Isfahan
Authors: Holakoie Ardeshir , Mahmoodi Armin , Maredpoor Alireza
Published: November 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to develop a structural model for predicting psychological well-being based on mindfulness, with the mediating role of resilience, in women on the verge of divorce in Isfahan. Methods and Materials: This research utilized a descriptive, correlational approach with structural equation modeling (SEM) as the primary analytical technique. The statistical population included all women who visited counseling centers in Isfahan in 2022. A sample of 302 participants was selected based on Morgan's table. The data were collected using standardized questionnaires, including Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scale, the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). The model’s fit was assessed using Amos-24 software after verifying the assumptions of normality, missing data, and outliers. Findings: The findings demonstrated that mindfulness is significantly related to psychological well-being in women, with resilience playing a significant mediating role in this relationship. The structural model showed a good fit with the data, with mindfulness explaining 33.2% of the variance in resilience and both mindfulness and resilience together explaining 82.5% of the variance in psychological well-being. The direct effect of mindfulness on psychological well-being was significant, as was the indirect effect mediated by resilience. Conclusion: The study concludes that mindfulness is a strong predictor of psychological well-being in women on the verge of divorce, and resilience significantly mediates this relationship. The findings suggest that enhancing mindfulness and resilience could be effective strategies for improving psychological well-being in this population.
The Effectiveness of Imago Therapy on Resilience and Difficulty in Emotion Regulation in Women Victims of Domestic Violence
Authors: Najjar Khodabakhsh Somayeh , Torkan Hajar , Golparvar Mohsen
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Imago Therapy on resilience and difficulties in emotion regulation, including its sub-components, among women who are victims of domestic violence. Methods and Materials: The study employed a semi-experimental pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with a control group. Thirty women victims of domestic violence were selected using purposive sampling from counseling centers in Isfahan, Iran. They were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups. The experimental group received 10 weekly 90-minute sessions of Imago Therapy, while the control group was placed on a waiting list. The Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) were administered at three time points (pre-test, post-test, and follow-up). Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post-hoc tests. Findings: The inferential analysis using repeated measures ANOVA revealed significant effects of the intervention on both resilience and difficulties in emotion regulation, as well as all its sub-components. Bonferroni post-hoc tests confirmed that these improvements from pre-test to post-test were maintained at follow-up. Conclusion: Imago Therapy was found to be effective in enhancing resilience and improving emotional regulation among women victims of domestic violence. The therapy offers a promising intervention for addressing the emotional and psychological needs of this vulnerable population, fostering long-term emotional stability and well-being.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Residential Group Therapy Based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on Meaning in Life and Marital Satisfaction in Couples
Authors: Sedighi Fatemeh Sadat , Aghajani Hashjin Tahmoores , Jadidi Mohsen
Published: November 2024

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of residential group therapy based on Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) on meaning in life and marital satisfaction in couples. Methods and Materials: This research used a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test, post-test, and control group. The research population consisted of couples who sought counseling at family counseling centers and health houses in Birjand in 2021. From this population, 45 individuals were selected via convenience sampling and were randomly assigned to three groups: control group (15 participants), ACT group (15 participants), and CBT group (15 participants). The intervention sessions for the experimental groups were conducted by the researcher over 18 consecutive weeks, with each session lasting 2 hours. Following the intervention sessions, the Meaning in Life Questionnaire and the Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire were administered as post-tests, and the same questionnaires were administered again three months after the intervention as a follow-up. The results of the three groups were compared at both the post-test and follow-up stages. Statistical methods such as Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA), given the assumptions for parametric tests, and Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) were employed. Findings: The results indicated no significant difference in the effectiveness of ACT and CBT group therapies in enhancing meaning in life and marital satisfaction. Additionally, comparisons of the mean scores of the experimental groups at the post-test and follow-up stages showed that the effects of the independent variables persisted in the follow-up stage, with no significant differences between the post-test and follow-up stages. Conclusion: The study found no significant difference between Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in improving meaning in life and marital satisfaction. Both therapeutic approaches proved effective, highlighting the potential for their application in enhancing psychological well-being and relationship quality among couples.
The Role of Social Support Systems in Enhancing Mental Health in Women Experiencing Postpartum Depression
Authors: kahaki Fatemeh
Published: November 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the role of social support systems in enhancing the mental health of women experiencing postpartum depression (PPD) in Tehran. Methods and Materials: This qualitative study employed a phenomenological approach to investigate the lived experiences of 24 women diagnosed with postpartum depression. Participants were selected through purposive sampling, and data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Theoretical saturation was achieved after 24 interviews, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the topic. The data were analyzed thematically using NVivo software, following Braun and Clarke’s (2006) six-step process for thematic analysis. The study focused on the influence of family, peer, and professional support on mental health outcomes. Findings: The findings revealed that social support played a critical role in alleviating postpartum depression. Family support, particularly from spouses and parents, was identified as the most significant factor in reducing depressive symptoms. Peer support networks provided emotional validation, while professional mental health services contributed to managing severe symptoms. However, many participants faced barriers in accessing professional help, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Physical activity was also found to be a mitigating factor for PPD, though participants cited challenges in maintaining regular exercise. Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of comprehensive social support systems in enhancing the mental health of women with postpartum depression. Family involvement, peer networks, and professional healthcare services are vital in mitigating the impact of PPD. Healthcare providers should prioritize culturally sensitive, accessible mental health services to address the needs of postpartum women, particularly in times of crisis.
The Impact of Environmental Factors on Hope for Life in Divorced Women with a Structural Equation Modeling Approach
Authors: Bagheri Zanjani Asl Monfared Leila , Farshbaf Mani Sefat Farnaz , Ebrahimi Loghman , Khademi Ali
Published: November 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of environmental factors on hope for life in divorced women. Methods and Materials: This research employed a quantitative, applied design. The population consisted of divorced women living in Zanjan, Iran, from which a sample of 250 participants was selected using convenience sampling. Data collection was conducted using a researcher-made questionnaire, designed to measure key environmental factors such as family support, governmental support, social support, and media education, in relation to hope for life. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed using Cronbach’s alpha and composite reliability, while validity was established through convergent and discriminant validity. Data analysis was performed using SEM with Smart PLS4 software, and various fit indices, such as the Goodness of Fit (GOF) and Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR), were evaluated. Findings: The results demonstrated that environmental factors significantly impacted hope for life in divorced women, with 93% of the variance in hope for life explained by the model. Specifically, family and social support were found to have strong positive effects on hope for life, while the role of governmental support was also significant but to a lesser extent. Media education, however, did not play a significant moderating role in the model. The SRMR value of 0.077 indicated an acceptable model fit, and the overall GOF of 0.539 confirmed the strength of the structural model. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of social and family support in enhancing hope for life among divorced women. Although media education did not show a significant effect, the findings underscore the need for policy interventions and community-based support systems to address the economic and psychological challenges faced by divorced women, improving their overall life satisfaction and well-being.
Identification and Evaluation of Factors Affecting Gender Inequality and Women's Participation in Sports Activities
Authors: Naghavi Anzabi Leyla , Safania Ali Mohamad , Farahani Abolfazl , Doroodiyan Ali Asghar
Published: November 2024

Objective: The aim of this research is to explain gender inequality and women's participation in sports activities based on the Three-Branch Model. Methods and Materials: The research method is mixed, combining both qualitative and quantitative approaches. In the qualitative section, data were collected through in-depth interviews, and after coding the concepts and categories based on the Three-Branch Model, the final model was developed. The interviews reached theoretical saturation after 15 interviews. Then, to test the quantitative model, a sample size of 200 women, including managers, assistants, and athletes associated with the Ministry of Sports and Youth, was selected using Cochran's formula. The exploratory results of this model indicate that improving existing structures, increasing the availability of sports facilities, reducing the costs of amenities, and enhancing safety levels can lead to increased sports participation and reduced inequality in sports participation. Findings: In the inferential analysis, the Three-Branch Model was tested using structural equation modeling. Structural factors (β = 0.88), environmental factors (β = 0.53), and behavioral factors (β = 0.28) have a direct and significant effect on gender inequality and sports participation. Conclusion: It is recommended that relevant organizations take the mentioned factors into account in efforts to address gender inequality and women's participation in sports activities.
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Emotion-Focused Therapy on the Resilience of Caregivers of Individuals with Dementia
Authors: Pourmand Zahra , Jahangir Pantea , Rezakhani Simindokht
Published: November 2024

Objective: The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) and Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT) on the resilience of caregivers of individuals with dementia. Methods and Materials: The research method was quasi-experimental, utilizing a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population of this study was selected from the primary caregivers (female spouses and daughters) of individuals with dementia who visited the Iranian Dementia Association (located in Tehran) in 2023. From this population, 45 participants were selected using purposive sampling and were randomly assigned into three equal groups of 15 (two experimental groups and one control group). To collect data, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC, 1991) was used. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and multivariate covariance analysis tests. Findings: The results indicated that both interventions, Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Emotion-Focused Therapy, resulted in a significant difference in the resilience of caregivers of individuals with dementia in the post-test and follow-up phases compared to the control group. Conclusion: The findings suggest that Emotion-Focused Therapy had a greater impact on the resilience of caregivers of individuals with dementia.
Lived Experience of Women Regarding Their Job in Tehran Municipality (Case Study: Informally Employed Women)
Authors: Alipour Saadabadi Khadijeh , Maadani Saeed , Labibi Mohammad Mehdi
Published: November 2024

Objective: The objective of this study was to explore the lived experiences of women employed under informal contracts in Tehran Municipality. Methods and Materials: This qualitative research employed a phenomenological approach, with data collected through unstructured interviews with 25 women employed under informal contracts in Tehran Municipality. The interviews were analyzed using MAXQDA software, and axial coding was conducted to identify key concepts and categories. The sample was selected based on theoretical saturation, ensuring in-depth exploration of the participants' experiences. Findings: The analysis revealed several key challenges faced by these women, including significant job insecurity, lack of emotional attachment to the organization, difficulties in career advancement, and exposure to psychological stress and verbal sexual harassment. The study also highlighted issues such as injustice in salary and bonuses, weak social security, and violations of human dignity. These factors collectively contributed to a negative work environment, leading to decreased job satisfaction, motivation, and organizational commitment. Conclusion: The study concluded that informal employment significantly impacts the professional and personal lives of women, with job insecurity and lack of organizational support being primary concerns. The findings underscore the need for policy interventions and organizational reforms to improve the working conditions of women in informal employment, ensuring their rights, dignity, and professional development opportunities are protected.
The Impact of Coping Therapy on the Weight of Women with a Body Mass Index Over 30 Seeking Weight Loss
Authors: Jabalameli Sara , Aghayousefi Alireza , Gholamali Lavasani Masoud
Published: November 2024

Objective: This study examines the effectiveness of coping therapy in reducing the weight of women with a body mass index (BMI) over 30 who are seeking weight loss. Methods and Materials: This quasi-experimental research utilized a pre-test and post-test control group design. The population included all women with a BMI over 30 who sought weight loss at medical and psychological centers in Tehran during 2021. A total of 40 participants were selected using convenience and voluntary sampling methods and were randomly assigned into two groups of 20, comprising an experimental group and a control group. Participants in both groups were weighed, and their BMI was calculated before and after the intervention. The experimental group underwent ten sessions of coping therapy, each lasting 90 minutes. Data were analyzed using SPSS software, version 22. Results: Analysis of covariance indicated that coping therapy significantly reduced the weight of women with a BMI over 30 who were seeking weight loss (P<0.001). Conclusion: Coping therapy appears to be an effective intervention for weight loss. Through a primary and secondary appraisal process, it modifies inefficient coping mechanisms into effective ones. Specialists can incorporate the findings of this study into their therapeutic and intervention strategies to facilitate weight loss in obese women.
Designing for Interaction: The role of Architecture in Bridging Tourists and Local Communities, Case study of Kalasha Valley, Pakistan
Authors: Hanif Shazia , Hosseininasab Shariyeh , Munir Muhammad Asim , Tajik Talha , Abid Sundas
Published: November 2024

Tourism is a key source of employment and income today, and different parts of the world are heavily dependent on it as travel and tourism’s contribution to GDP has been considerable worldwide. Pakistan’s tourism industry has the potential to grow tremendously in the coming years, however, there has not been any sustainable and unified approach towards the development of tourism in Pakistan despite a high potential for growth. Among many aspects which can impact a successful and sustainable tourism, the quality and identity of architecture and urban planning of the area is of crucial importance. Not only architecture of the area can be a source of attraction itself, but it can also be a cause of social integration between tourists and local community. This paper delves into the role of architecture and architects to make determined efforts to deal with the rising stimulation of social tensions in tourist destination areas and study how architecture can deal with social divisions and provide integration between diverse communities, empower the local community and likewise provide a platform to sustain tourism in the area. The case study selected for this study is Kalash Valley in Chitral district of Pakistan. A qualitative methodology leading design was adopted to conduct the research. After mapping the case study area and diagnosing the issues regarding the tourism development in the area, solutions were proposed in the form of design proposals. Moreover, a series of design policies have been suggested for a more sustainable tourism in the area. Data gathering was carried out through a series of observations during the site visits, interviews with the stakeholders specifically the local community (Kalasha and Muslims), civil society activists, tour guides and Kalasha Qazi. Moreover, Secondary Sources of information including Reports, Research papers, books and articles were used to make the theoretical framework of the research, as well as building upon the research precedents.
PIK3CA gene mutation induced rare vascular diseases
Authors: Meng Gu  , Zhu Xuanzhe , Zhu Yi Zhun
Published: November 2024

The PIK3CA gene is the member of PI3K family. Although targeting the mutation of PIK3CA is a good treatment strategy for cancer, various other reasons can also worsen the cancer’s progression and lead to the death of patients. However, PIK3CA can be treated as the main target that leads to the rare vascular diseases’ progression. Therefore, this review will focus on the mutation of the PIK3CA gene in rare vascular diseases, including singletype vascular malformation and multiple-type combined vascular malformation. The specific mechanisms, treatment strategies of PIK3CA, and limitations of the current treatment methods for these rare vascular diseases will also be discussed in this review. Moreover, some rare conditions for the patients with rare vascular diseases will be discussed in this review.
Application Of The Problem Based Learning Model To Improve Student Learning Outcomes In Class VII Of SMP Negeri 8 Kei Besar On Animal Classification Material
Authors: Yosefa Rahayaan  , Jefry J. Mamangkey  , Carolin Manuahe
Published: November 2024

Problem-based learning is an educational approach that centers around the exploration of real-world problems, with an emphasis on finding genuine solutions through realistic investigation. The objective of this study is to ascertain the outcomes of students' learning achievement through the implementation of a problem-based learning approach, specifically focusing on the topic of animal classification. This study employs the methodology of classroom action research. The research was conducted at SMP Negeri 8 Kei Besar. The participants of the study consisted of 33 pupils in the seventh grade. The research findings indicated that the rate of classical learning achievement in the first cycle was 27%, with a mean score of 62%, while in the second cycle it increased to 81.9%, with an average score of 76%. The findings of this study demonstrate that the utilization of a problem-based learning approach in teaching animal classification can enhance students' academic achievements.
Nanopartikel TIO2 Dari Ekstrak Daun Kemangi (Ocimum Sanctum) Untuk Degradasi Metilen Biru
Authors: Dina Kartika Maharani  , Rahma Nurisnaini
Published: November 2024

The part of the basil plant is the leaves which have various types of benefits if studied further. With the introduction of secondary metabolites, it can be said that basil leaves contain eugenol compounds. The eugenol compound can be used as a reducing agent in the synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles. The precursor used in the synthesis of TiO2 is titanium isopropoxide which has an oxidation state of +4. By utilizing the green synthesis method, TiO2 was reacted with basil leaf extract and then characterized using XRD and FTIR. The resulting particle size is 10.86 nm. And FTIR shows a wave number of 874.59 which represents the Ti-O functional group. Photocatalytic activity can take advantage of the synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles by placing the nanoparticles in a methylene blue solution which has a concentration of 20 ppm and varies based on contact time and adsorbent mass. Photocatalytic activity testing obtained a degradation percentage of 79%-84% which varied based on adsorbant mass and contact time. Varying the adsorbant mass and time results in a degradation percentage that increases with each additional mass but will not increase again if it has reached the optimum phase and can reduce the degradation percentage.
Penerapan Algoritma CNN Untuk Mendeteksi Tulisan Tangan Angka Romawi dengan Augmentasi Data
Authors: Mochammad Toyib  , Tegar Decky Kurniawan Pratama  , Ibnu Aqil
Published: November 2024

This research aims to develop and apply a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) algorithm to detect handwritten Roman numerals. Handwriting recognition is a classic challenge in the fields of image processing and machine learning, especially for less common characters such as Roman numerals. In this research, we use data augmentation techniques to increase the diversity and number of datasets used in model training, which is expected to increase model accuracy and generalization. The dataset used consists of 1,120 images for testing and 280 images for validation, each of which is divided into 14 classes of Roman numerals I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, L, C, D , and M. Image data was created directly using simple software, namely Paint version 6.3. This research uses the Python programming language and Google Colab as a computing platform. Model training was carried out for 300 epochs and showed significant accuracy in the 150th to 300th iteration. The results at the 300th epoch show an accuracy of 0.9607 and a loss of 0.1162. The implementation of this algorithm shows significant potential in practical applications, such as in the fields of education and historical documentation. The conclusion of this research is that data augmentation is an effective technique to improve the performance of CNN models in detecting handwritten Roman numerals.