bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Smart ways to ensure a glitch-free live video streaming experience
Authors: Arena Joe
Published: July 2024

Users today expect a live town hall streaming video session to offer the same viewing experience as an online soccer match. The reality, however, can be quite different. The inherent complexity of hosting a live video streaming session behind a corporate firewall with a single path to the internet is considerable. If the network is not architected properly, potential problems can multiply exponentially. Despite the well publicised streaming problems suffered by high-profile organisations, most companies neglect to optimise networks for live events. This paper examines the pain points that hinder an organisation's ability to provide a consistent, reliable and secure user experience, as well as common causes of failure, including: planning and assessment of network, audience, capacity and purpose; insight into best practices that detail what works and why; strategies for content recording, archiving and tracking; and aligning user needs with organisational, industry compliance requirements. Using quantifiable data, objective industry analysis, third-party expert commentary and real-world examples of failures and successes, the author makes the case for enterprise content management and distribution solutions. These platforms serve as a mechanism to manage networks and user experience on the day of the event, mitigate streaming lapses, as well as enable tracking and postevent archiving.
The power of customer data
Authors: Burnham James
Published: July 2024

This paper attempts to encapsulate the myriad changes that have taken place to the world of data, and how businesses interact with it, since the 2000s began. The collection and organisation of data regarding customers specifically has become so delicately entwined with marketing effectiveness that companies who have undergone effective digital transformations have leap-frogged those who have not. Once the necessary systems have been set to accomplish the above, the correct usage of that customer information becomes yet another hurdle to face.
Darkness on the edge of town? Or is the calculation of consequential losses in dilapidations claims harder than it looks? (Part 1)
Authors: Taggart Nic
Published: July 2024

This paper addresses one aspect of the quantification of damages for breach of the tenant's covenants to yield up the demised premises in repair at the end of the term: consequential losses. Part one of the paper summarises the different ways of quantifying such damages, shortly restating the contrasting rules in Joyner v. Weeks [1891] 2 QB 31 (CA) and in Ruxley Electronics & Construction v. Forsyth [1996] AC 344 (HL). It also summarises the general law on causation, remoteness of damage, and recovering the reasonable costs of mitigation. Part two of the paper then applies these principles to the specific issues arising in dilapidations cases: loss of rent, the inability to recover service charges, insurance and rates, liability for professional fees and preliminaries, the incidence of VAT, recovering the cost of preparing schedules, recovering the costs of re-certification and liability to pay interest.
Frame-by-frame: The Ephemeral Films Project
Authors: Zarwell Lindsay
Published: July 2024

The ‘Ephemeral Films Project: National Socialism in Austria’, completed in 2015, has preserved, analysed, and made accessible approximately 50 films related to the history of the Nazi period and the Holocaust in Austria. This open source, innovative web application utilises new technology to combine a frame-by-frame level of analysis with dynamic annotations that synchronously change as an historic film plays. Users can see a modern-day image of a building or the plotting of geographic locations on an interactive map. This project provides an opportunity to reexamine the relationships between film, history, historiography and technology.
Disaster housing: Lessons learned from Hurricane Harvey
Authors: López Christa , Nickells Colin L.
Published: July 2024

In 2017, Hurricane Harvey struck the State of Texas, and became the first Category 4 hurricane to strike the USA since 2005. Approximately 178 cm of rain fell over Texas during a seven-day period, with sustained winds of 209 km/h. The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) requested the State of Texas to administer a temporary housing programme called the Direct Housing Mission. This was administered by FEMA by the Texas General Land Office (GLO) with technical and financial support from FEMA. As the first state to run this programme, the GLO has captured lessons learned and a way forward for future temporary housing missions, to include the use of more resilient and innovative temporary housing units.
Sustainable buildings: BREEAM case studies
Authors: Guy Simon
Published: July 2024

A focus on sustainability when designing, constructing, refurbishing and operating buildings is becoming the norm in the UK. Impressive green credentials are no longer limited to showcase or ‘alternative’ structures, but are found in buildings of every type — as a selection of BREEAM case studies shows.
Securities lending as part of responsible and risk-averse asset management
Authors: Van Der Struik Roelof
Published: July 2024

After reading the popular press it would seem crystal clear: securities lending is the personification of evil and should be eradicated at any cost. However, this does not do justice to this securities finance instrument which fulfils an important role in financial markets. In addition, beneficial owners sometimes have doubts whether the returns outweigh the risks and if the role of responsible investor can be reconciled with securities lending. This paper starts with a short introduction to securities lending and the risks associated with the activity. It provides some food for thought on securities lending and responsible equity ownership and the risks inherent in the product and ends with some lessons learned that are essential for a successful lending programme.
Bridging the performance gap and quality output for new homes in the UK
Authors: Ziouzia Fanoula
Published: July 2024

This paper considers the performance gap that exists between ‘as designed’ and ‘as built’ in new dwellings. It discusses the various options available to close this gap and how, as an industry-wide problem, it can be successfully addressed.
Rethinking the workplace: How the tech sector influences other industries
Authors: Knapp Curtis A. , Polucci Tom , Sargent Kay , Wright Gordon
Published: July 2024

When people learned to gather and share food, they freed themselves from the burden of merely surviving. When they began harnessing and using energy to fuel machinery, they liberated their bodies and increased their productivity. And when they started teaching these machines to operate, learn and even ‘think’ on their own, they unleashed a future of limitless possibilities. Each era ushered in a need for new skills, fresh approaches and innovative ways of thinking. What makes current times unique is the rapid pace of change. Nowhere is that more apparent than in the tech sector. Intense competition, readily available capital and open frontiers are challenging tech companies to continuously adapt and innovate. Yet many of their workplaces were designed for a completely different era of work. This paper highlights workplace trends and insights from tech business leaders and HOK WorkPlace specialists on the front lines of today’s evolving business landscape. It also explores what is on the horizon and how tech enterprises can optimise the places where their people work. Although the paper focuses on the tech sector, it is relevant to every business interested in creating high-performance work environments that empower their people to thrive.
Developing a retail marketing strategy to promote both airport and retailers
Authors: Bork Alan
Published: July 2024

Most airports acknowledge the importance of attracting airline customers by practising ‘airline marketing’, such as opening new routes or increasing frequencies on existing routes. However, many airports are paying too little attention to ‘retail marketing’. This paper aims to direct more attention to this area and will try to answer two questions: why retail marketing is important and how it should be undertaken.
Personalisation along the customer journey
Authors: Reynolds Christopher
Published: July 2024

Developing a personalisation programme is a process. Not a process of a 360-degree understanding of each customer, but a process of understanding customers’ relationships with a brand and how that brand’s marketers can leverage behavioural signals to enhance the experience of their customers. This paper will guide the reader through the process of building a personalisation programme and the tools and strategies that will be most helpful along the way.
The Glastonbury New Bands Competition Collection at the British Library: Technical challenges of migrating an optical disk collection
Authors: Ruane Tom
Published: July 2024

The Glastonbury Festival kindly donated the 2004–2009 entries for its Emerging Talent Competition to the British Library for long-term preservation. The collection comprises more than 4,000 optical disks, primarily Compact Disk-Recordable (CD-R), and was migrated to a stable file-based format in 2019, as part of the Library’s Unlocking Our Sound Heritage project. Migration presented many challenges — while large parts of the workflow could be automated, and the audio data extracted verifiably bit-perfect and faster than real time, the collection is populated by poor-quality CD-R stock with many examples written using low-quality domestic burners, making the process of data extraction significantly more complex. The Library not only had to develop a multi-stage workflow with sufficient capacity to process the large quantity of disks in an efficient manner, but the workflow also had to be easily adjustable to accommodate the 1:1 transfer of severely damaged or degraded disks. This paper outlines the step-by-step technical workflow and the hardware/software employed to extract this unique content for long-term preservation.
The need for an organisational design to secure marketer creativity within unhealthy organisational cultures
Authors: Bozkurt Bilgehan
Published: July 2024

This paper proposes research questions to secure marketer creativity within unhealthy organisational cultures. The emergent phenomenon that paved the way to this purpose is that organisations that communicate that they significantly implement marketing without implementation could complicate marketer creativity within these unhealthy organisational cultures. Creativity is becoming an influential part of modern marketing although marketing had involved creativity, and creativity needs orientations that marketing could provide. Therefore, it is reasonable to rethink the organisation in order not to sacrifice marketer creativity. A series of careful discussions in this domain reveal that focus and the link between strategy and culture could help shape organisational design. The proposed research questions ask for research on focal points, motivations, personal competitive advantages and congruity. The potential benefits include trustable organisations, a superior work environment, congruity with target audiences, and operating during economic transitions and challenges. This is an intersection between marketer behaviour and organisation studies against a leadership issue to secure a marketing priority. This approach supports a highly integrated theory of the organisation. However, it mainly supports a ‘deepening of marketing among practitioners’. Avoiding a superficial understanding of marketing and creativity in practice could help.
Managing your talent supply chain: Why you should care
Authors: Chilson Allen , Wehner Jim
Published: July 2024

Navigating the world of supplier management for your contingent labour programme can be challenging. Nevertheless, choosing, supporting and managing your labour supply base is critical to your company’s overall success. This paper seeks to shed more light on this issue and takes a more in-depth look at what is happening in the world of work, why you should care, and how to leverage your talent supply chain to prepare your organisation for the changes that are coming.
The voice era: Future acceptance of digital voice assistants and how they will transform consumers' online purchasing behaviour
Authors: Muñoz Niko , Kremer Bianca A.
Published: July 2024

Digital voice assistants (DVAs), such as Amazon Alexa, are causing upheaval in the marketplace due to their enormous potential in e-commerce. Despite this potential, because this technology is cutting edge, there remains a lack of insight into the main drivers of DVA use in e-commerce and voice-commerce (v-commerce). Drawing on theoretical foundations, such as the technology acceptance model (TAM) and the ‘unified theory of acceptance and use of technology’ (UTAUT), this study aims to explore the key determinants behind the use of DVAs. Specifically, it proposes ten hypotheses that are tested with quantitative data obtained through an online survey from a diverse sample of 315 participants in several countries. Regression analysis was employed to identify eight factors that will have an influence on the future acceptance of v-commerce, in which trust, social influence and hedonic motivation have the greatest effect. Since v-commerce is still relatively unknown to consumers, the focus of any strategy should include confidence-building, enjoyable and motivating activities and social programmes. Companies should be transparent about the data they plan to collect and process and give consumers options as to how they can get informed and address perceived privacy concerns. This would enable DVA manufacturers to speed up consumer adoption of a new technology that has been around for some years but has still not become mainstream. Brands should keep up to date with these technologies and start experimenting and partnering with DVA vendors, such as Amazon, Google or Apple, by selling utilitarian and low-involvement products and services.
BBC Cymru Wales’ digitisation and external partnership with the National Library of Wales
Authors: Hughes Edith , Gruffudd Einion
Published: July 2024

This article sets out the background and approach to the digitisation of BBC Wales’ broadcast archive ahead of relocation to a bespoke new building in Cardiff city centre. The first ‘complete’ BBC archive collection to be digitised, the team had to appraise over 90 years’ of archive content to facilitate digitisation for access purposes to support a full end-to-end production workflow. This took place against a rapidly changing technological background as the industry moved from tape to file-based playout and associated processes, as well as significant operational design changes within the organisation itself. The article describes the challenges faced and some of the decision-making process that took place during both the planning and implementation phases, as well as the establishing of a key partnership with the National Library of Wales to bring into fruition ambitious plans for audience and community engagement with this unique collection of cultural history in Wales, and the implementation of a new digital asset management system to deliver this.
Why is managing conduct risk critical for a firm’s board?
Authors: Baijal Rajat
Published: July 2024

This paper explores the concept of conduct in relation to financial services, focusing on specific risks resulting from misconduct.
Communication in a crisis in UK ambulance services: What is needed to improve incident communication?
Authors: Tovey Oliver , Tolson Joshua , Vinand Angela
Published: July 2024

Communication during a major incident or business disruption is essential for all organisations, but to the emergency services it is paramount. Timely and accurate communications are critical but present many challenges to all responders, particularly the blue-light sector. There are many layers and components to communication, including command and control, technical solutions and the inherent cultures within each of the ambulance services. While ambulance services have the same tools available to them as their partners in the police and fire service, they appear at times to be disadvantaged, but why is this? Is it organisational culture, access to training or simply the attitude and experience of responding individuals and commanders? UK NHS ambulance services are often the ‘gateway to health’, so failure to communicate is not an option. This paper will discuss the communication challenges that the ambulance service regularly face and the options that are available when dealing with complex or major incidents.
Texas millennials and their smartphones: A uses and gratifications study
Authors: Wilkinson Kenton T. , Saldaña Magdalena
Published: July 2024

This study of how and why Hispanic millennials at a Texas university use their smartphones employs a uses and gratifications approach. A survey was undertaken to amass data from 214 students who grew up in the state and are regular smartphone users. The gratifications that respondents derive from their smartphones were analysed in light of basic Hispanic cultural values. The findings indicate that Texas Hispanic millennials obtain two main gratifications from smartphone usage: entertainment and connectedness. The authors call for more studies into smartphone use by specific segments of the Hispanic population in various regions of the USA.
From analogue to digital: The evolutionary design of the C-SPAN Archives
Authors: Browning Robert X.
Published: July 2024

Preserving television is an increasingly important goal as television dominates the way the public gets news and public affairs information. This paper recounts how the C-SPAN Archives was created to preserve, index and distribute the public affairs content of the C-SPAN cable public affairs network. Now with over 220,000 indexed, online digital hours, it is one of the most accessible collections of televised public affairs programming. The initial design of the archive in 1986 was analogue and built on small personal computers. That design anticipated the digital revolution, and through the development of its database, the information was organised in such a way that the whole system could easily be converted to digital. This paper discusses how this archive was initially conceived, how it evolved from analogue to digital, and how it exists today, indexed to the speaker level.
Case study: Creating a fully accessible digital archive of the American Foundation for the Blind’s Helen Keller Collection
Authors: Neal Elizabeth , Selsdon Helen
Published: July 2024

The American Foundation for the Blind’s Helen Keller Archive (https://www.afb.org/HelenKellerArchive) is the world’s largest repository of letters, speeches, press clippings, scrapbooks, photographs, artefacts and audiovisual materials relating to Helen Keller — the first deafblind person in the USA ever to graduate from college. Keller worked at the AFB from 1924 until her death in 1968, during which time she became a world-famous author, activist and advocate for disability rights. A mammoth digitisation project, funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities and further supported by American Express, set out to preserve the rich primary and secondary source materials related to this groundbreaking figure in the history of disability rights, and create a collection that was fully accessible to audiences who are blind, deaf, hard of hearing, low vision or deafblind. This case study describes the work involved in creating digital surrogates for all items, including photographing delicate Braille materials; adding captioning and audio description to film clips; customising a digital archive management system; and extensive usability testing with diverse participants. The finished system achieves the AFB’s two core objectives: (1) presenting these materials in multiple accessible formats, so that students and researchers with a variety of access preferences can use the archive easily, and (2) setting a higher accessibility standard on which all digital archives can build.
From hubris to nemesis: Irish banks, behavioural biases and the crisis
Authors: Dowling Michael , Lucey Brian M.
Published: July 2024

The collapse of the Irish economy, still ongoing after 5 years, has its roots firmly in the banking sector. Lax risk management, aided by poor board oversight and behavioural biases among senior executives, is now viewed as one of the primary causes of the over-lending during the ‘Celtic Tiger’ years that fuelled the excessive growth in credit and subsequent banking implosion, eventually resulting in all Irish banks ending in state ownership. The causes of the Irish banking sector collapse are approached from a behavioural perspective of the role of Boards of Directors in bank risk management and then proceed to explore the likely presence of behavioural biases among senior executives in Irish banks. The Irish context provides a pertinent case study of what can happen when hubris and associated behavioural biases take control of a bank's risk management strategy.
Practical data science for the web professional
Authors: Nescot Michael
Published: July 2024

Data science is an increasingly powerful force that is transforming the web and society. While data science is complex and rapidly evolving, interactive, computational tools such as the Jupyter Notebook are making the underlying methods more accessible to diverse audiences, creating new opportunities for collaborative research and sharing data across a range of disciplines and fields. While data science is an essential competitive tool for leading commercial web companies, such tools are also making it a valuable development asset for smaller non-profit and government organisations. Open data science also has potentially significant social benefits in promoting reproducible research and transparency. Data science provides tools and techniques for developing a variety of web applications, while in the process making the web a more distributed, adaptable and personalised network.
A new European approach to transaction reporting
Authors: Bannigan Vivienne
Published: July 2024

The Markets in Financial Services Regulation and Directive (MiFID II) is part of the wider European Financial Services Action Plan. The main aim of creating a single market for financial services is to establish a stable, competitive and transparent financial services framework across the European Union. The primary purpose for transaction reports is to detect and investigate suspected market abuse, insider trading and market manipulation. Review of a transaction report is a key part of any investigation into alleged market abuse reported to any financial authority. Transaction Reporting is used by regulators to monitor and survey the market for any instances of market abuse. Failure to submit accurate transaction reports has the potential to hinder the Authority’s ability to detect and investigate suspected market abuse. The new transaction reporting regime will be standardised across Europe under the Markets in Financial Services Regulation. The article: •• Examines the purpose of transaction reporting •• Identifies scenarios of market abuse that transaction reporting helps highlight •• Examines Regulatory Change under the Markets in Financial Services Regulation (MiFIR). •• Reviews areas of failure to submit accurate transaction reports which firms need to consider in their regulatory assurance programmes.
Is employees' understanding of conduct risk aligned with values espoused in their employers' public statements?
Authors: Culley Alexander
Published: July 2024

The purpose of this paper is to examine whether there is any correlation between the values expressed in the published statements of investment firms and their employees' understanding of conduct risk. A qualitative examination of: (a) 20 semi-structured interviews, comprising 17 with employees from nine UK firms engaged in brokerage and trading activities, and three interviews with consultants specialising in conduct risk who regularly assist such firms; and (b) the publicly available statements issued by nine UK firms engaged in brokerage and trading activities. The paper finds much alignment between firms' publicly stated values and their employees' understanding of conduct risk. However, some themes that are currently high on the UK Financial Conduct Authority's (FCA) agenda, such as non-financial misconduct and transparency, receive little to no attention in either. The study's findings are limited to the insights of the interviewees who took part. These insights may not represent ‘what actually happens' on the trading floor. For this, an ethnographic study would be required. The findings imply that current conduct-related initiatives led by the FCA are not making a significant impact on brokerage and trading firms. This paper builds on a previous study that examines possible relationships between banks' corporate value statements and incidences of misconduct. Furthermore, it proposes the piloting of a conduct risk awareness programme that utilises the experiences of former miscreants to help embed cultural change.
A smarter model risk management discipline will follow from building smarter models: An abbreviated guide for designing the next generation of smart models
Authors: Hill Jon R.
Published: July 2024

What if a financial firm decided to delete its entire set of models and redevelop them from scratch? What might it do differently in the process of rebuilding its entire model ecosystem in order to avoid and leverage from some of its previous mistakes? How could such a firm make a model risk management (MRM) platform smarter and less resource intensive than it was before? This paper describes one forward-looking possibility for making the manually intensive practice of MRM smarter by building models that are smarter in the sense of having a rudimentary level of ‘self-awareness’. Similar to the ways that tech firms have tracked the usage of their smart phones, cars, laptop computers and printers for many years, active intelligent agents embedded in model source code can support the creation of a dynamic model inventory to serve as a repository of historical data that accurately describes how, when and where a firm’s models are used and to diagram firm-wide interdependencies between data and models.
When and how can surveyors improve the uptake of property flood resilience? New evidence and case studies
Authors: Lamond Jessica , Rose Carly B.
Published: July 2024

This paper discusses the role of surveyors in increasing resilience to flooding through property level measures. It explores findings of recent research, both in the UK and internationally, and describes ongoing initiatives to increase the uptake of property flood resilience (PFR). The current concepts of PFR are explained, followed by examples including evidence for their effectiveness. Two research projects are described that indicate, among other things, the need for training and awareness raising among built environment professionals in order to support property owners and occupiers in decisions about resilience.
Autonomous vehicles and changing the future of cities: Technical and urban perspectives
Authors: Hosney Radwan Ahmed , Ghaney Morsi Ahmed Abdel
Published: July 2024

When the first car hit the road in the early 19th century, municipal officials, architects and urban planners had to think differently about the infrastructure and mass development of cities, whether existing or new. The age of narrow roads, pedestrians and short journeys gave way to wide boulevards, interstate highways and suburban growth. These urban planning improvements were intended to enable the car to transport a greater number of people more quickly and safely, without the drawbacks of urban transit. This caused cities to suffer from issues such as unnecessary demolition of houses, degradation of areas for roads, reduction or loss of public transport and dislocation of intimate communities. Now that the mass market will embrace autonomous cars, buses and other innovations over the next decade, urban designers and officials need to reconsider how disruptive technologies can influence our way of life, work and play. Autonomous vehicles (AVs) provide a new way of joining social conversations about urban infrastructure, mobility, community and street functions. AVs will disrupt the urban areas between city centres and the rural outskirts. This paper analyses the impact of AVs on modelling urban forms. The AV has the advantage of optimising various parking locations, thus freeing up the downtown area for other uses. The reduced cost per kilometre is also a popular advantage. Increased access to AVs benefits workers’ welfare, traffic flow, travel distances and city size. The paper concludes by discussing the overall implications of AV implementation for urban transport and mass transit.
Mitigating potential morale and revenue disruption during new provider onboarding
Authors: Jebson Leslie R. , Goche Jeanne M.
Published: July 2024

While the COVID-19 pandemic caused a pause in some provider recruitment, the fundamental growth in physician demand will continue to outpace supply for the near future. Thus, it is more important than ever for a healthcare organisation to excel in provider recruitment, onboarding and retention. Establishing a positive relationship with a provider during the onboarding phase is an investment in provider morale and retention as well as in reduced revenue disruption caused by provider turnover. After presenting an overview of provider recruitment and retention trends, this paper provides a comprehensive picture of effective new provider onboarding. It then provides several options for streamlining processes and adopting technology to support onboarding. These ideas can contribute to an excellent learning experience, making the new provider more effective and productive earlier in practice establishment. Successful onboarding is not only beneficial to the overall organisation but also creates a positive relationship with the new provider that is foundational to long-term provider satisfaction and retention.
Strategies to mitigate hallucinations in large language models
Authors: Bhattacharya Ranjeeta
Published: July 2024

In the world of enterprise-level applications, the construction and utilisation of large language models (LLMs) carry a paramount significance, accompanied by the crucial task of mitigating hallucinations. These instances of generating factually inaccurate information pose challenges during both the initial development phase of LLMs and the subsequent refinement process through prompt engineering. This paper delves into a variety of approaches such as retrieval augmented generation, advanced prompting methodologies, harnessing the power of knowledge graphs, construction of entirely new LLMs from scratch etc, aimed at alleviating these challenges. The paper also underscores the indispensable role of human oversight and user education in addressing this evolving issue. As the field continues to evolve, the importance of continuous vigilance and adaptation cannot be overstated, with a focus on refining strategies to effectively combat hallucinations within LLMs.
Hybrid space making: Rethinking the bank branch experience for the digital age
Authors: Sandbiller Klaus , Myerson Jeremy
Published: July 2024

As digital technology disrupts financial services globally, how should banks go about planning the next generation of bank branches? In the age of online banking, what are the new hybrid strategies that will draw customers in, improve working conditions for employees, connect with local communities and optimise the property portfolio? This paper describes a research project conducted by the UniCredit banking group in partnership with Unwired and the Royal College of Art to explore the hybrid bank branch network of the future. The study develops three frameworks — architectural, people, and digital — and proposes a model with three levels of hybridity. Its findings have broad implications for new ways of working and interaction in financial services.
Ombudsman complaints: Roof coverings
Authors: Baguley John
Published: July 2024

This is the latest in a series of papers by Ombudsman John Baguley about residential surveying complaints received and investigated by Ombudsman Services: Property. This paper looks deeper into complaints about roofs and also touches on the trail to follow and how doing this can lead to better, complete and holistic reporting. Ombudsman Services: Property is the RICS approved ombudsman scheme to handle complaints about RICS surveyors offering surveying services to domestic clients. It is also government approved to operate as an ombudsman scheme to investigate complaints about sales, lettings and managing agents.
Mayhem in social media
Authors: Leonhardt James M. , Johnston Savannah
Published: July 2024

This paper recounts Allstate’s transition from traditional to social media marketing, including its use of the brand character, ‘Mayhem’. Allstate maintained a dual-brand presence by having separate social media accounts for its brand and brand character on platforms such as Twitter and Facebook. Although Mayhem’s popularity varied across platforms, the addition of the character to Allstate’s social media presence resulted in significant increases in popularity for both the brand and Mayhem. This paper identifies factors potentially affecting the success of brand characters in social media. It closes with a discussion on managerial implications that includes three key points for managers to consider when using a brand character in social media.
New technologies and innovation in digital asset management
Authors: Bright Jason , Pearson Peter
Published: July 2024

HTML5 and the Google Web Toolkit offer a robust platform for digital asset management (DAM) development. These technologies can be used to create rich, widget-based interfaces without relying on plug-ins or other client-side software. This results in DAM systems that are fundamentally accessible across all devices that can browse the web.
Developing measurement indices to enhance protection and resilience of critical infrastructure and key resources
Authors: Fisher Ronald E. , Norman Michael
Published: July 2024

The US Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is developing indices to better assist in the risk management of critical infrastructures. The first of these indices is the Protective Measures Index — a quantitative index that measures overall protection across component categories: physical security, security management, security force, information sharing, protective measures and dependencies. The Protective Measures Index, which can also be recalculated as the Vulnerability Index, is a way to compare differing protective measures (eg fence versus security training). The second of these indices is the Resilience Index, which assesses a site’s resilience and consists of three primary components: robustness, resourcefulness and recovery. The third index is the Criticality Index, which assesses the importance of a facility. The Criticality Index includes economic, human, governance and mass evacuation impacts. The Protective Measures Index, Resilience Index and Criticality Index are being developed as part of the Enhanced Critical Infrastructure Protection initiative that DHS protective security advisers implement across the nation at critical facilities. This paper describes two core themes: determination of the vulnerability, resilience and criticality of a facility and comparison of the indices at different facilities.
Advancing the Federal Reserve’s wholesale services in an era of unprecedented challenge and change
Authors: Dzina Richard P.
Published: July 2024

The Federal Reserve’s wholesale services provide a substantial base of the US financial market infrastructure, yielding an immense transactional value of payments and securities transfers across the Fedwire Funds Service, the Fedwire Securities Service and the National Settlement Service. The systemically important nature of these services, as well as their interconnectedness and dependencies with other financial market infrastructures, results in a keen focus and priority on resiliency and application security. Several elements of resiliency that have garnered much attention in recent years include greater technological diversity in third-level resiliency and security schemes, development of manual contingency procedures in the event of a protracted wholesale service disruption and enhancements in end-to-end security. The collective industry focus on resiliency and security of critical infrastructure represents a momentous challenge. With those goals paramount to its efforts, the Wholesale Product Office is also undertaking a series of initiatives to enhance the value proposition of its service suite.
Efficient appraisal and processing of disk images of legacy digital storage media at the Canadian Centre for Architecture
Authors: Walsh Tim
Published: July 2024

The Canadian Centre for Architecture (CCA) is an international research institution based in Montreal that produces exhibitions, publications and a range of activities driven by a curiosity about how architecture shapes – and might reshape – contemporary life. As a collecting institution interested in contemporary architecture, the CCA also preserves, manages and provides access to architectural archives, including those in digital formats. This paper describes the development of the Disk Image Processor, a set of Python scripts and corresponding graphical user interface developed at the CCA for processing disk images of legacy digital storage media in the CCA collection, such as 3.5- and 5.25-in floppy disks, Zip disks, optical media and hard drives. By streamlining the processes of appraisal, characterisation, file export and submission information packaging, the CCA has been able to scale its digital archiving activities to match its research programmes and acquisitions.
RF-ID tag and video passenger location in airports
Authors: Brennan Paul
Published: July 2024

In recent years, airport security has become a critical issue in the eyes of the general public, security services and politicians alike. Over a similar period, the growing volume of flights, size of aircraft and the need, in major airports, to move a large number of people through a complex environment as efficiently and safely as possible is becoming an increasingly challenging task. With this in mind, the EU-funded Optag project was launched in 2004, to study the feasibility of a combined RF-ID tag passenger location and video surveillance system to enhance airport efficiency, safety and security.
An empirical analysis of hospital public equity financing
Authors: Kamiko Ho’Okano Adcock D. , Brau James C. , West Jessica
Published: July 2024

The US hospital industry provides a unique context to examine the well-documented initial public offering (IPO) and seasoned equity offering (SEO) patterns of issuance cycles, underpricing and long-run underperformance. Hospitals have the financing alternative to be not-for-profit or even owned by local governments. As such, choosing to issue public equity for a hospital is a managerial decision under fewer financing constraints than what a typical operating company faces. Using a sample of 173 US issuances (61 IPOs and 112 SEOs) from 1970 to 2016, we find evidence for issuing cycles, with volume spikes around 1983, 1991 and 2001. We also find evidence for initial underpricing. Hospital IPOs experience an initial underpricing of 7.9 per cent (p = 0.013), with SEOs exhibiting an average underpricing of 2.7 per cent (p = 0.2040). Finally, we did not find the typical negative long-run average abnormal returns that have been documented in previous literature for other types of firms. In long-run analyses, six-month average abnormal returns for hospital IPOs are 5.3 per cent (p = 0.092) and one-year abnormal returns are 6.0 per cent (p = 0.214). SEOs experience six-month average abnormal returns of 0.6 per cent (p = 0.907) and one-year abnormal returns of 5.15 per cent (p = 0.615). In multivariate tests, the presence of a venture capitalist (VC) has the largest impact on the initial underpricing of new issues (coef = −0.145, p = 0.000). In tests of long-run returns, the age of the firm (coef = −0.022, p = 0.042), VC backing (coef = 0.798, p = 0.028) and dual share class offering (coef = −0.438, p = 0.026) are correlated in the six-month aftermarket period, and VC backing (coef = 1.824, p = 0.003) and market demand (coef = 1.751, p = 0.006) are the primary correlates with one-year returns.
Fighting business uncertainty with Scenario Planning at Bologna Airport: An antifragile experience in times of COVID-19
Authors: Ventola Nazareno
Published: July 2024

The unprecedented impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our lives during the last 18 months has been evident, as in the aviation sector. The level of uncertainty we all have to face, both at the personal and the managerial level is so high that traditional planning approaches have become useless. We are not in the position to understand or forecast how the future will evolve, because the number of variables is high and the interactions somehow unknown. Under these circumstances, we need to evaluate our business options under alternative ‘futures’ with different strategies to be implemented. This paper describes the approach undertaken by Aeroporto G. Marconi di Bologna to ‘fight business uncertainty’, applying a Scenario Planning approach, in the darkest hours of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Understanding the human factor in financial crime compliance
Authors: Tansu Gizem
Published: July 2024

Financial crime compliance (FCC) is a complex and multifaceted field that requires a thorough understanding of various risks, including those related to human behaviour. In risk management, it is common to assume that the human factor is a source of risk without fully understanding the root causes or finding solutions that are widely understood. This paper aims to shed light on the concept of human risk in FCC by examining both the compliance perspective and the cognitive psychology of human behaviour. Numerous examples are provided to illustrate different types of risks and categorises them as errors or violations based on various factors such as knowledge and skills. By analysing the psychological factors that contribute to human risk, the paper seeks to provide a more comprehensive understanding of this important issue and suggests ways to mitigate it, focusing on the role of compliance culture, identifying red flags and providing a formula for reducing or eliminating human risk. Given the increasing pressure on financial institutions to comply with complex regulations and prevent financial crime, it is crucial to consider the human factor and its impact on FCC. By understanding the underlying causes of human risk, financial institutions can take steps to mitigate this risk and better protect themselves and their customers.
Purpose is at the core of branding
Authors: Annweiler Bård
Published: July 2024

Purpose is the bridge that brings people together. Where conflicting instincts, interests and motivations will divide, purpose unites. It is the glue that binds. When different groups act in the interest of the same purpose, they increase each other’s value. A leader whose goal is to engage all of the people who will make the company successful needs a purpose that resonates across the spectrum. When a company’s brand resonates with purpose, all the vibes it puts out into the world sync together into a singular tone. This paper reviews what happened when the owners of Nordic technology giant EVRY demanded a turnaround strategy, introducing a new management team, which instigated research into the company’s purpose. Mission was invited to discuss possible ways forward with an emphasis on brand building and concluded that EVRY needed to be rebuilt from within: where competitors promised ‘transformation’, EVRY provided tangible advantage. This was a major motivating factor among employees throughout the organisation. EVRY’s purpose has brought a breath of fresh air to all business units, providing renewed motivation.
Physiology for all: Reflections on the design and delivery of a MOOC to enhance subject knowledge in physiology
Authors: Randles Rebecca , Prescott Denise , Gleave Terry , Alston Peter , Grubb Blair
Published: July 2024

Interactive digital technologies have begun to be an increasingly important tool within Higher Education (HE). One example of such technology is that of eLearning, particularly with the growing interest in massive open online courses (MOOCs). Prospective students would have the benefit of utilising MOOCs to explore potential pathways and subject areas, with physiology chosen to be developed into a MOOC to raise the profile with a view to improving recruitment into physiology or physiology-related study pathways. The course was created in 2017 and to date, 17,986 individuals have enrolled onto the course with an average rating of 4.7 out of 5 stars. Upon reflection, the MOOC reached some of the target audience; however, the majority appeared to be those who were in employment and were utilising the resource to enhance their learning. Lessons learnt from the development and implementation of the MOOC include the importance of collaboration and partnerships, particularly with the target audience, to ensure the course is fit for purpose. In addition, the planning of the MOOC itself was found to be of great importance; the team discovered the importance of utilising storyboards to develop the scripts and interaction opportunities as well as ensuring the inclusion of demonstrations and animations to help learners visualise key concepts and essential information. While the initial ambition for the Physiology MOOC was targeted at a younger demographic, in preparation for their journey into further or higher education, and potentially a career in the discipline, the data indicates limited impact in this regard. A potential reason for this could be the platforms on which the MOOC was promoted: the target audience may be better reached through promotion in schools and colleges; there may also be a lack of awareness of the platform within this population. Although it is questionable as to whether a MOOC is the most appropriate vehicle for this purpose, the evidence suggests that a large number of learners across the demographic spectrum benefitted greatly from the learning materials and evaluated them highly.
Mobile marketing and paid search: Advertising’s way of the future
Authors: Pease Diane
Published: July 2024

For many businesses, paid search has become a key
marketing strategy. For mobile, in particular, the statistics are
staggering; for example, over 40 per cent of Google’s paid search
clicks are for mobile, and in 2015, more than 50 per cent of search
ad spend in the USA (some US$29bn) will come from mobile. Despite
this, many businesses have not yet embraced this technology. It is
now more important than ever to divest marketing dollars into
mobile paid search. This paper describes how to get started with
mobile pay-per-click, standards and best practices to utilise with
mobile, and the latest mobile paid search advancements.
Global air freight in an age of uncertainty
Authors: Blond David L.
Published: July 2024

This paper examines the state of the air-freight market worldwide from the perspective of the larger economy and the ability of the global economy to fully recover from the current recession. Forecasts are developed using econometric models that relate economic factors to international trade flows for specific commodities of special interest to air-freight carriers. Detailed tables showing air-freight demand in key markets as estimated for the current year and for future years are included.