bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGAWASAN DAN PELAPORAN ZIPRO ROMBONG BERKAH OLEH UPZ BAZNAS PETROKIMIA GRESIK
Authors: Nur Hidayati Selviana , Choiri Muttaqin
Published: March 2024

The problem of this study is how the supervision and reporting of the ZIPro Rombong Berkah program by UPZ BAZNAS Petrokimia Gresik analyzes the implementation of PERBAZNAS Number 2 of 2016 concerning UPZ Infection and Work Procedures. The purpose of this study is to determine the supervision and reporting of the ZIPro Rombong Berkah program by UPZ BAZNAS Petrokimia Gresik analysis of the implementation of PERBAZNAS Number 2 of 2016 concerning the Establishment and Work Procedures of Zakat Collection Units.  In this study using the type of field research, data sources used primary, secondary data. Methods of collecting observational data, interviews, and documentation. The results of this study can be concluded that the supervision and reporting of the ZIPro Rombong Berkah program by UPZ BAZNAS Petrokimia Gresik is not in accordance with PERBAZNAS Number 2 of 2016 concerning the Establishment and Work Procedures of the Zakat Collection Unit (UPZ).
Permasalahan dari penelitian ini adalah bagaimana pengawasan dan pelaporan program ZIPro Rombong Berkah oleh UPZ BAZNAS Petrokimia Gresik analisis implementasi PERBAZNAS Nomor 2 Tahun 2016 Tentang Pemberntukan dan Tata Kerja UPZ . Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengawasan dan pelaporan program ZIPro Rombong Berkah oleh UPZ BAZNAS Petrokimia Gresik analisis implementasi PERBAZNAS Nomor 2 Tahun 2016 Tentang Pembentukan dan Tata Kerja Unit Pengumpul Zakat.  Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian lapangan, sumber data yang digunakan data primer, sekunder. Metode pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa pengawasan dan pelaporan program ZIPro Rombong Berkah oleh UPZ BAZNAS Petrokimia Gresik belum sesuai dengan PERBAZNAS Nomor 2 Tahun 2016  Tentang Pembentukan dan Tata Kerja Unit Pengumpul Zakat (UPZ).
Incidence of myocarditis caused by drugs for ulcerative colitis examined using VigiBase, a spontaneous adverse drug reaction reporting database
Authors: Kawai Yumi , Kurata Yasuko , Hamano Hirofumi , Niimura Takahiro , Goda Mitsuhiro , Zamami Yoshito , Ishizawa Keisuke , Nawa Hideki
Published: March 2024

Aim: To investigate the association between ulcerative colitis drugs and
myocarditis as an adverse event based on the detection of adverse event
signals using a spontaneous reporting database. Methods: We searched for
five drugs, namely mesalazine, sulfasalazine, azathioprine,
mercaptopurine, and budesonide, listed in the treatment guidelines for
ulcerative colitis, using VigiBase. The information component was
calculated. A signal was considered present when the lower limit of the
95% confidence interval of the information component exceeded zero.
Results: The total number of VigiBase reports and of myocarditis as a
target adverse event was 32 520 983 and 61 567, respectively. No trend
was identified based on age or sex. Analysis of the five ulcerative
colitis drugs for severity in VigiBase showed that most patients
recovered, and deaths were few. However, the time to onset of adverse
drug reactions varied among drugs. Conclusion: Mesalazine signals were
detected regardless of age or sex. This suggests that myocarditis, an
adverse event, may be a potential complication regardless of patient
characteristics. These results warrant multifaceted investigations,
including basic and clinical studies, on the characteristics of each
drug with regard to the development of myocarditis as an adverse event
caused by ulcerative colitis drugs.
The selection of individualized surgical schemes for laryngotracheal stenosis and effect analysis
Authors: Wu Ting , Chen Yong , He Shuangba , Meng Jie , Liu Yaqun , Li Xiaoguang , Zhang Qingxiang
Published: March 2024

Objective: To explore the optimization and effect analysis of
laryngotracheal stenosis surgery planning based on the Myer and Cotton
grade, disease course, control of the primary disease, and the general
condition of the body under the influence of various factors.
Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for 32 patients
with acquired laryngotracheal stenosis who received surgical treatment
from October 2015 to December 2021. Results: Surgical
procedures included sleeve resection and end to end anastomosis (n =
16), partial circumferential tracheal resection (n = 2), tracheal
granulation (scar) resection using a CO laser (n = 2),
and T-tube insertion (n = 12). Successful decannulation was achieved in
31 patients (96.9%). Post-operative complications comprised:
Subcutaneous emphysema (n = 25), subcutaneous infection (n = 6),
anastomotic restenosis (n = 4), and anterior cervical tracheal fistula
(n = 4). Conclusion: Considering multiple factors, the
optimization of the surgical plan according to the degree of stenosis,
the disease course, control of the primary disease, and the patient’s
general condition was an important guarantee to improve the curative
effect of laryngotracheal stenosis.
Environmental DNA time series analysis of a temperate stream reveals distinct seasonal community and functional shifts
Authors: Sander Mandy , Beermann Arne , Buchner Dominik , Pimentel Iris Madge , Sinclair James , Weiss Martina , Haase Peter , Leese Florian
Published: March 2024

Environmental DNA (eDNA) extracted from water is routinely used in river
biodiversity research, and via metabarcoding eDNA can provide
comprehensive taxa lists with little effort and cost. However,
eDNA-based species detection in streams and rivers may be influenced by
sampling season and other key factors such as water temperature and
discharge. Research linking these factors and also informing on the
potential of eDNA metabarcoding to detect shifts in ecological
signatures, such as species phenology and functional feeding groups
across seasons, is missing. To address this gap, we collected water
samples every two weeks for 15 months at a long-term ecological research
(LTER) site and at three different positions in the river’s cross
section, specifically the water surface, riverbed, and riverbank. For
these 102 samples, we analyzed macroinvertebrate species and molecular
Operational Taxonomic Unit (OTU) richness and temporal community
turnover across seasons based on COI metabarcoding data. Using
Generalized Additive Models, we found a significant influence of
sampling season on species richness. Community turnover followed a
cyclic pattern, reflecting the continuous change of the
macroinvertebrate community throughout the year (‘seasonal clock’).
Although water temperature had no influence on the inferred species
richness, higher discharge reduced the number of Annelida and
Ephemeroptera species detectable with eDNA. Most macroinvertebrate taxa
showed the highest species richness in spring, in particular merolimnic
species with univoltine life cycles. Further, we detected an increase in
proportion of shredders in winter and of parasites in summer. Our
results show the usefulness of highly resolved eDNA metabarcoding time
series data for ecological research and biodiversity monitoring in
streams and rivers.
Modeling and pricing European-style continuous-installment option under the Heston’ stochastic volatility model: A PDE approach
Authors: Ebadi Nasrin
Published: March 2024

Installment options, as path-dependent contingent claims, involve paying
the premium discretely or continuously in installments, rather than as a
lump sum at the time of purchase. In this paper, we applied the PDE
approach to price European continuous-installment option and consider
Heston stochastic volatility model for the dynamics of the underlying
asset. We proved the existence and uniqueness of the weak solution for
our pricing problem based on the two-dimensional finite element method.
Due to the flexibility to continue or stop paying installments,
installment options pricing can be modeled as an optimal stopping time
problem. This problem is formulated as an equivalent free boundary
problem and then as a complementarity linear problem (LCP). We wrote the
resulted LCP in the form of a variational inequality and used the finite
element method for the discretization. Then the resulting time-dependent
LCPs are solved by using a projected successive over relaxation
iteration method. Finally, we implemented our numerical method. The
numerical results are verified the efficiency and usefulness of the
suggested method.
The eternal life of taxonomic monographs: the series on the Fauna and Flora of the Gulf of Naples
Authors: Boero Ferdinando
Published: March 2024

Taxonomic monographs, such as those of the Fauna and Flora of the Gulf
of Naples, have almost eternal life, in terms of scientific relevance,
and keep being cited even after centuries.
Evaluating the effectiveness of matching the timing of occurrences and environmental data in ecological niche models: Insights for low-dispersing species
Authors: Pinilla-Buitrago Gonzalo
Published: March 2024

Ecological niche models, crucial for estimating species’ potential
distribution under global change, can face reduced accuracy when the
timing of occurrence data does not align with the environmental data.
One solution is to ensure a close temporal match between the environment
and the observation date. While this approach is typically recommended
for highly mobile species, a few findings support its use for species
with limited mobility, whose distributions may be responding to climate
change via local population changes. Additionally, it remains unclear
what specific temporal resolution could improve model performance. This
study assesses the effectiveness of temporal matching for a species with
low mobility, the Mexican small-eared shrew (Cryptotis mexicanus), by
evaluating different temporal resolutions (one-, five-, and ten-year
averaged environmental data) against the standard method (30-year).
Occurrences between 1971 and 2000 were used for model training and
cross-validation, while those outside this range were used for external
evaluation. Based on the omission rate of the external evaluation
occurrences, the approach that matched environmental data using the
prior ten-year resolution performed better than the standard 30-year
average approach, while the rest of evaluation metrics (for any temporal
resolution) were not different. Visual inspection indicated that the
geographic prediction resulting from a ten-year resolution was as
realistic as the one from the standard 30-year approach. In contrast,
the shorter temporal resolutions (one and five years) resulted in
unrealistic estimates. Therefore, matching the timing of occurrences and
environmental data for other species with low mobility may also improve
model performance and geographic predictions. Additionally, this
correlative approach identifies a potential time lag between climatic
changes and population responses in this species. Studies can select the
optimal temporal resolution by exploring several or using available
information about population responses to climate change.
Mechanical dicing of optical quality facets and waveguides in a Silicon Nitride platform.
Authors: Gow Paul , Churchill Glenn , Vitali Valerio , Dominguez-Bucio Thalia , Gardes Frederic , D'Souza Matthew , Petropoulos Periklis , Gawith Corin , Gates James
Published: March 2024

We report a ductile dicing process for manufacturing optical-quality
facets in a multi-layered silicon nitride platform without the need for
polishing. A surface roughness (Sa) of 1.5 nm was achieved. This
technique was extended to fabricate ridge waveguides, and the results
and characterization are reported.
The baggage and the benefits that travel with the F word: Transnational feminism and its discontents
Authors: Savas Ozge , Duncan Lauren , Smith Hanna , Stewart Abigail
Published: March 2024

We examined how locally situated and transnationally circulated meanings
of feminism interact forming implicit cultural meanings, and how these
meanings about feminism appear in women’s accounts of their own work and
identifications. Using twenty-four oral histories, we identified four
implicit cultural meanings about feminism: (1) “Mainstream” feminism
is/as white and middle-class; (2) Feminists are lesbians; (3) Feminism
is/as hostile to men; and (4) Feminism is/as a “western” ideology. In
addition, we identified three strategies activists used to respond to
these meanings: (1) distancing themselves from the word
“feminist/feminism”; (2) explicitly embracing the term and clarifying
its meaning; and (3) shifting from an individual to a structural level
of analysis. Examining these discourses in a multinational sample with
women of various racial-ethnic and indigenous identities, we found that
implicit cultural meanings often identified in the U.S. or as western
interact with locally found meanings affecting activists in the Majority
World . Activists’ use of these implicit cultural meanings complicated
prevalent, but often simplistic, narratives about feminists, feminism,
and identity.
Construction and characterization of a functional variant hFGF7 with enhanced properties by circular permutation
Authors: Choi Hye-Ji , Lee Hanui , Cheong Dae-Eun , Yoo Su-Kyoung , Lee Dong-Eun , Kim Geun-Joong
Published: March 2024

Human fibroblast growth factor 7 (hFGF7) is a member of the
paracrine-acting FGF family and mediates various reactions such as wound
healing, tissue homeostasis, and liver regeneration. These activities
make it a plausible candidate for pharmaceutical applications as a drug.
However, the low expression level and stability of the recombinant hFGF7
were known to be major hurdles for further applications. Here, we
attempted to improve the expression level and stability of hFGF7 by
changing the order of amino acids through circular permutation (CP),
thereby expecting an alternative fate according to N-end rules. CP-hFGF7
variants were constructed systematically by using putative amino acid
residues in the loop region that avoided the disruption of the
structural integrity especially in the functional motif. Among them,
cp-hFGF7 revealed a relatively higher
expression level in the soluble fraction than the wild-type hFGF7 and
was efficiently purified to apparent homogeneity by three consecutive
steps. Approximately, 7 mg of the purified protein was obtained from a 1
L culture and showed a comparable activity to that of the wild type
hFGF7. In addition, the spectral properties related to the apparent
structure of cp-hFGF7 were quite similar to
those of the wild type hFGF7. Therefore, CP could be an alternative tool
for the functional expression of hFGF7 in Escherichia coli.
The Wicked Problem of Naming the Intangible: Abstract Concepts, Binary Thinking, and Computer Vision Labels
Authors: Pandiani Delfina Sol Martinez
Published: March 2024

Delving into the intricate complexities of naming and categorizing the
visual evocation of abstract concepts, this paper brings to light the
limitations of relying on binary thinking to tackle these inherently
intricate “wicked problems.” As computer vision applications rapidly
expand, the pressing challenge of accurately labeling these abstract
concepts in visual media comes into focus, necessitating a close
examination of the interplay between visual data, nuanced cultural
meanings, and Artificial Intelligence (AI). This work discusses the role
these concepts play in automatic visual indexing, as well as the ways in
which they expose how binary frameworks curtail technical performance
and perpetuate power dynamics. To address this, the paper draws upon
insights from recent cognitive neuroscience research and advocates for a
more comprehensive, queer, and situated understanding of these concepts.
This approach highlights the significance of humanistic and ethical
perspectives in shaping the trajectory of AI development.
When enough is enough. Optimising monitoring effort for large-scale wolf population size estimation in the Italian Alps
Authors: Boiani Maria Virginia , Dupont Pierre , Bischof Richard , Milleret Cyril , Friard Olivier , Geary Matt , Avanzinelli Elisa , Hardenberg Achaz von , Marucco Francesca
Published: March 2024

The ongoing expansion of wolf (Canis lupus) populations has led to a
growing demand for up-to-date abundance estimates. Non-invasive genetic
sampling (NGS) is now widely used to monitor wolves, as it allows
individual identification and abundance estimation without physically
capturing individuals. However, NGS is resource-intensive, partly
because of the wolf elusive behaviour and wide distribution, but also
because of the cost of DNA analyses. Optimization of sampling strategies
is therefore a requirement for the long-term sustainability of wolf
monitoring programs. Using data from the 2020-2021 Italian Alpine wolf
monitoring, we investigate how (i) reducing the number of samples
genotyped, (ii) reducing the number of transects, and (iii) reducing the
number of repetitions of each search transect, impacted spatial
capture-recapture population size estimates. Our study revealed that a
25% reduction in the number of transects or, alternatively, a 50%
reduction in the maximum number of repetitions yielded abundance
estimates comparable to those obtained using the entire dataset. These
modifications would result in a 2,046 km reduction in total transect
length and 19,628 km reduction in total distance searched. Further
reducing the number of transects resulted in up to 15% lower and up to
17% less precise abundance estimates. Reducing only the number of
genotyped samples led to higher (5%) and less precise (20%) abundance
estimates. Randomly subsampling genotyped samples reduced the number of
detections per individual, whereas subsampling search transects resulted
in a less pronounced decrease in both the total number of detections and
individuals detected. Our work shows how it is possible to optimise wolf
monitoring by reducing search effort while maintaining the quality of
abundance estimates, by adopting a modelling framework that uses a first
survey dataset. We further provide general guidelines on how to optimise
sampling effort when using spatial capture-recapture in large-scale
monitoring programmes.
Prevalence and Physiological Effect of Blastocystis Hominis on Lipid Metabolism, Magnesium, and Zinc Levels in Diarrheal Patients
Authors: Al-Oda Safaa Hussein Abdullah , Abbas Shatha Khudhaier , Rasool Khetam Habeeb , Hashad Mahmoud E.
Published: March 2024

Blastocystis hominis is a microscopic single-celled organism commonly known as a protist or parasite. It was first discovered in the early 20th century by a Scottish scientist named Alexei Pavlovich Alexeieff. Blastocystis hominis is found in the intestines of humans and other animals, where it can colonize the gastrointestinal tract. The objective of this study was to examine the presence of the Blastocystis hominis parasite in the stool samples of patients experiencing diarrhea and to explore its potential physiological effects. The study involved two groups: 1-the patients group, which consisted of 220 samples who suffered from diarrhea, and abdominal pain and 2-the control group, which consisted of 100 samples of healthy individuals. The age range of participants ranged between 4-40 years. The outcome indicated that the vacuolar form was the most common morphological appearance observed in the stool. The result showed non-significant difference was observed (P>0.05) for all ages. Furthermore, a statistically significant difference (P≤0.05) was observed in the infection rate between males (58.00%) and females (42.00%). The physiological examinations were conducted using Spectrophotometer revealed notable findings. There was a significant increase (P≤0.01) in the levels of cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins-cholesterol (LDL), very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), and triglycerides (TG), in patients with diarrhea infected with B. hominis compared to the control group. Conversely, concentrations of magnesium, zinc, and high-density lipoproteins (HDL) showed a significant decrease (P≤0.01) in the same patient group compared to the control group.
The Role of Immune Check Point Gene Expression of Pd-1 and Tim-3 in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Authors: Oudah Sara Mohammed , Hamzah Israa Hussein , Matti Bassam Francis , Alkasir Rashad
Published: March 2024

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematopoietic cell cancer that spreads quickly to the blood and rapidly developing in the bone marrow. The prognosis for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is still poor, despite recent improvements in the therapeutic landscape. In hematological malignancies, immune checkpoint inhibitors have been studied, such as AML; however, the role of program cell death -1(PD-1) and T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM3) in AML has not been thoroughly elucidated yet. Thus, the current study conducted to investigate the PD-1 and TIM‑3 gene expression in the AML patients and determine its associations with clinical outcomes and prognostic variables. The study collected 80 blood samples from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients and 40 blood samples from volunteer healthy individual were evaluated as control and real time quantitative (qRT-PCR) analysis was detect to performed PD-1 and TIM‑3 expression. The result showed there was non-significant (P>0.0001) in expression of TIM-3 in patients with AML, while expression of PD-1 statistically has high significant difference (P ≤ 0.0001). A cutoff value of PD-1 for patients vs. control was (0.853) with high sensitivity than cutoff value of TIM-3 for patients vs. control that can be diagnostically significant in distinguishing between patients and controls. Our data result showed that high expression of PD-1 in T cell is extremely correlated with progression of disease and down regulated gene expression of TIM-3 in AML patients.
Effectiveness of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa in Destruction of Harmful Lipids in Lipidemia Patients
Authors: Ibrahim Suhaib Khalid
Published: March 2024

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a type of harmful microorganism that belongs to a large group of Gram-negative bacteria, these bacteria can secrete many extracellular enzymes such as microbial lipase and oxidase that act on certain lipids.  This study aims to activate certain enzymes of P. aeruginosa like lipase and oxidase in order to decrease high plasma triglycerides and cholesterol in lipidemia patients. Serum can also be used due to the fact that lipids are found in both serum and plasma. Five ml. of blood were collected from 100 lipidemia patients at Baghdad Teaching Hospital laboratories in Medical city, P. aeruginosa was isolated from medical wastes; cultured on bacterial media, gram stained and biochemically tested in vitro. Methods depend on inoculation of bacterial broth containing colonies of P. aeruginosa adjusted to McFarland standard turbidity with 50% of blood plasma were added, then cultures were incubated at 37°C for 6 days, activation of bacterial lipase and oxidase were done during the incubation period by addition of certain activators to the broth like glycogen liquid. The results showed that 100% of patients had cholesterol <200 mg/dl and 99% of patients had normal triglyceride level (<200mg/dl) after bacterial inoculation and activation of microbial lipase and oxidase. As conclusion, the high plasma lipids level of patients was decreased four times by P. aeruginosa may be due to the activation of microbial lipase and oxidase which could needs to future research to extract them and used them as treatment for these cases.
Unveiling the High Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance and Quorum Sensing Genes in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli
Authors: Abbas Hanan M. , Gdoura Radhouane , Al-Marjani Mohammed F.
Published: March 2024

Escherichia coli is considered one of the uropathogenic bacteria with different infection symptoms representing mild illness to acute sepsis. This study aims to detect E. coli in patients with urinary infection and investigate quorum sensing genes (lux S and motA) in multi-drug resistant isolates of E. coli.  200 urine samples were collected from patients with urinary tract infections from several hospitals in Baghdad. The antibiotics sensitivity test showed high resistance of isolates for Ampicillin (100%), Cefazolin (97%), Trimethoprim/ Sulfamethoxazole (83%), Ceftriaxone (77%), Ceftazidime and Ciprofloxacin (70% each of them), and moderate resistance of isolates for Levofloxacin (50%), Gentamicin (47%), Cefepime (40%), while low resistance Piperacillin/ Tazobactam (33%), Cefoxitin (30%), Nitrofurantoin (17%), Imipenem (10%), Ertapenem and Amikacin (7% each of them), and Tigecycline (3%). The results showed an increase percentage of infection in females was 30% in the ages 30-44 years, whereas in ages 15-29 and more than 45 years was 17%.  There was a high percentage (57.11%) of resistant isolates in females which are ages 30-44 years. While the ages more than 45 years were 66.4% and ages 15-29 were 34%. While, in males, the percentage was high in ages more than 45 years (35.25%) followed by age groups 30-44 years (31.5%) and 15-29 years (31%).  The prevalence percentage for luxS and motA genes in E. coli was 100%. In conclusion, E. coli isolates were multi-drug resistant due to all isolates had quorum sensing genes. Moreover, uropathogenic of E. coli in females was more frequent than in males due to the resistance of bacteria to antibiotics.
Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Coating (SiO2/PDMS) by a Simple Method
Authors: Majeed Ali N. , Sabry Raad S. , Abid Muslim A.
Published: March 2024

A simple and economical method for producing a superhydrophobic surface on a glass substrate is investigated. The surface composes of silica particles synthesized via a sol-gel method with an average particle size of 69.33 nm. Organosilan PDMS (FS-1200 silicon sealant) was used to reduce the surface energy of particles, which were then coated onto a glass substrate by dip coating. After coating, the substrate was dried for one hour at 60ºC in an oven to remove excess solvent. XRD, FE-SEM, FTIR, and contact angle (CA) measurement techniques were used to characterize silica particles and coated surfaces. The water contact angle (WCA) of pure SiO2 (NPs) was 86º indicating its hydrophilic qualities, while the contact angle of a superhydrophobic surface was 156º.
On Best Multiplier Approximation of k-Monotone by Trigonometric Polynomial
Authors: Al-Saidy Saheb K. , Maktoof Hasan W. , Mazeel Abdul Khaleq O. , Agaie Baba Galadima
Published: March 2024

The main goal of this paper is to study the degree of the best multiplier approximation of monotone unbounded functions in L_(p,λ_n)-space on the closed interval [-π,π] by means of K-functional, which we represented with, K(f,L_(p,λ_n ),W_(p,λ_n)^1,W ̃_(p,λ_n)^1), defined by the W_(p,λ_n)^1 and W ̃_(p,λ_n)^1  that are referred to during this research. In addition, we have established a set of definitions, concepts and some useful lemmas that are needed in our work.
Analysis of Chlorophyll-a Variability in the Eastern Indonesian Waters Using Sentinel-3 OLCI from 2020-2021
Authors: Handoko Eko , Hayati Noorlaila , Syariz Muhammad , Hanansyah Megivareza
Published: March 2024

The Eastern Indonesian waters are significant in influencing the global climate system and oceanic connectivity. However, the Indonesian Through Flow (ITF) facilitates the movement of waters from the Pacific Ocean to the Indian Ocean. This flow vertically mixes water masses in the Eastern regions, leading to the concentration of phytoplankton. In addition, the distribution of phytoplankton, indicative of chlorophyll-a concentration, is influenced by upwelling and downwelling phenomena. Chlorophyll-a, responsible for capturing carbon and producing oxygen in marine ecosystems, is important in regulating climate change. Moreover, oceanographic conditions play a significant role in the dispersion of chlorophyll-a concentration. Therefore, this study adopted ocean colour remote sensing technology to assess chlorophyll-a distribution. Monthly ocean colour data was collected by the multi-temporal Sentinel-3 Ocean and Land Colour Instrument (OLCI). The analysis output included chlorophyll-a concentration associated with currents and the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Data processing using the Case-2 Regional Coast Colour (C2RCC) processor resulted in an average chlorophyll-a concentration in the Eastern Indonesian waters ranging from 0.16 to 0.52. The results showed higher chlorophyll-a levels during the southeast monsoon (July to September) and lower levels during the northwest monsoon (January to March).
Criminological Insights: A Comprehensive Spatial Analysis of Crime Hot Spots of Property Offenses in Malaysia's Urban Centers
Authors: Ahmad Azizul , Masron Tarmiji , Junaini Syahrul Nizam , Barawi Mohamad Hardyman , Redzuan Mohd Sofian , Kimura Yoshinari , Jubit Norita , Bismelah Luqman Haqim , Mohd Ali Asykal Syakinah
Published: March 2024

This study examines property crime trends in Selangor, Kuala Lumpur, and Putrajaya from 2015 to 2020, utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and comprehensive crime data from the Royal Malaysia Police. It focuses on the relationship between property crime rates and the delineation of police station jurisdictions across Selangor State, Kuala Lumpur Federal Territory (KLFT), and Putrajaya Federal Territory (PFT). The objective is to understand the dynamics of property crime, its evolution, and the influence of the National Transformation Program on crime prevention strategies. By assessing the spatial distribution of property crimes, this research aims to identify underlying trends and the efficacy of hot spot policing. The analysis is underpinned by an extensive review of secondary data from the Intelligence/Operations/Records Division of the Royal Malaysia Police Headquarters, enabling a deep dive into the spatial characteristics of property crime within these regions. The findings contribute to the broader understanding of crime prevention in Malaysia, underscoring the importance of GIS technology and the need for strategic interventions tailored to specific crime patterns. This study provides critical insights for policymakers and law enforcement to formulate evidence-based strategies, enhance public safety, and inform future crime prevention efforts.
Merdeka Belajar dan Belajar dengan Riang Gembira Sejak Dini
Authors: FIRMANSYAH EZIK
Published: March 2024

When teachers apply the concept of independent learning, the teachers do not adapt to the needs of students. Teachers still rely on textbooks as a medium for teaching materials and do not use learning methods and learning media with the needs of students. The purpose of this community service is to socialize the application of independent learning and learning cheerfully from an early age to teachers. The method of community service activities is carried out in the form of webinars using the zoom platform and coordinated together in the form of the International Lecture Share Series activity program. The results of the community service program through this webinar show the data: (1) the suitability of the material with the needs of the participants is 96%, (2) interesting material is responded to by 99%, and (3) the material provides an increase in knowledge and insight by 94%.
Implementasi Literasi Serta Inovasi Pemasaran Pada Usaha Mikro Kecil Dan Menengah
Authors: Wulandari Deasy , Nurhayati Nurhayati , Subagio Ari
Published: March 2024

The development of the national economy is inseparable from the rural economy because most of the people live in rural areas. When rural economic conditions are good, the national life of the people will prosper. Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are one of the drivers of supporting capability of the rural economy. The constraints of MSMEs in the rural economy are due to their location far from urban areas, so they are considered less strategic in running a business. Sukogidri Village is a village located in Ledokombo sub-district, Jember Regency. The main livelihoods of the community are farmers and “bakiak” sandal craftsmen. Marketing of MSME products from Sukogidri Village clogs still uses the traditional method, namely through local residents. This condition hampers the progress of MSMEs on a wider market scale. The findings obtained are the low level of literacy and implementation of marketing innovations for MSME. Optimizing the implementation of marketing literacy and innovation by related parties is needed to maintain business sustainability. This is done by increasing the marketing reach of MSME products to a wider market, creative and innovative approach so that they can improve the living standards of rural communities.
Developing Ideas in Writing Paragraphs using Brainstorming techniques: An Action Research
Authors: Dahniar Dahniar Dahniar , Nurpahmi Sitti
Published: March 2024

This research discussed about the use of brainstorming technique to improve students’ developing ideas in writing a paragraph at madrasah Aliyah Madani Pao-Pao, Gowa Regency. It aimed to find the improvement of students’ developing ideas in writing a paragraph and the students’ participation towards the use of brainstorming technique to develop the students’ ideas in writing. The researcher conducted a Classroom Action Research (CAR). The researcher conducted two cycles, where each cycle consisted of three meetings. It was done at second grade students at Madrasah Aliyah Madani Pao-Pao. The subjects of this research were thirty students. The instruments used to collect the data were observation checklist and test. The assessment of the test result was focused on the students’ developing ideas in writing a paragraph. The research findings indicated that the use of brainstorming technique was effective and significant in increasing the students’ writing ability based on unity, logic communication/knowledge, and cohesion/coherence. It was proved by the students’ score from the competence test. The first cycle showed that only 10% students got the good score it means that the implementation of brainstorming technique was not successful yet, but in the second cycle 75% students got successful, in the second cycle students was had greater means score improvement than the first, it means that the students have the improvement in writing paragraph from the first cycle to the second cycle. Second, from the result of observation, it showed that majority of the students’ participation during the teaching learning process creates the positive atmosphere in the classroom, and the students also became active in exploring and finding as many as possible ideas they had gotten. Based on the result of this research, the researcher suggests that brainstorming technique can be used as an educational technique in teaching writing especially in teaching writing paragraph type.
Comparative effects of pravastatin and rosuvastatin on carbohydrate metabolism in an experimental diabetic rat model
Authors: Kaya Hacer Kayhan , Demirtas Berjan , Yokus Beran , Kesim Dilek Aygün , Tasdemir Ezel , Sermet Abdurrahman
Published: March 2024

Statin treatment may increase the risk of diabetes; there is insufficient data on how statins affect glucose regulation and glycemic control and the effects of statins on liver enzymes related to carbohydrate metabolism have not been fully studied. Therefore, we aimed to compare the effects of the statin derivatives, pravastatin, and rosuvastatin, on carbohydrate metabolism in an experimental diabetic rat model. Female Wistar albino rats were used and diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. Thereafter, 10 and 20 mg kg−1 day−1 doses of both pravastatin and rosuvastatin were administered by oral gavage to the diabetic rats for 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment, body masses, the levels of fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), liver glycogen, and liver enzymes related to carbohydrate metabolism were measured. Both doses of pravastatin significantly in creased the body mass in diabetic rats, however, rosuvastatin, especially at the dose of 20 mg kg−1 day−1 reduced the body mass signi ficantly. Pravastatin, especially at a dose of 20 mg kg−1 day−1, caused significant increases in liver glycogen synthase and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase levels but significant decreases in the levels of glycogen phosphorylase, lactate dehydrogenase, and glucose-6-phosphatase. Hence, pravastatin partially ameliorated the adverse changes in liver enzymes caused by diabetes and, especially at the dose of 20 mg kg−1 day−1, reduced the fasting blood glucose level and increased the liver glycogen content. However, rosuvastatin, especially at the dose of 20 mg kg−1 day−1, significantly reduced the liver glycogen synthase and pyruvate kinase levels, but increased the glycogen phosphorylase level in diabetic rats. Rosuvastatin, 20 mg kg−1 day−1 dose, caused significant decreases in the body mass and the liver glycogen content of diabetic rats. It can be concluded that pravastatin, especially at the dose of 20 mg kg−1 day−1 is more effective in ameliorating the negative effects of diabetes by modulating carbohydrate metabolism.
Chemical composition and potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic efficacy of Cistus albidus L.
Authors: Zouhri Aziz , Bouddine Toufik , Menyiy Naoual El , El-Mernissi Yahya , Laaroussi Hassan , Chebaibi Mohamed , Amhamdi Hassan , Elharrak Abdelhay , Nafidi Hiba-Allah , Sitotaw Baye , Jardan Yousef A. Bin , Bourhia Mohammed , Hajji Lhoussain
Published: March 2024

This study aims to assess the chemical composition of the aqueous extract of Cistus albidus L. leaves, as well as the potential of aqueous and hydroethanol extracts of the leaves and seeds as analgesic, anti--inflammatory, and antioxidant agents. The contents of phenolics and inorganic constituents were determined in C. albidus seeds and leaves; antioxidant capacity was assessed by 3 complementary and diverse tests. The carrageenan-induced paw edema technique was used to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect in vivo, and albumin denaturation to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect in vitro. The acetic acid-induced contortion test, the tail-flick test, and the plantar test were used to assess the analgesic effi cacy in vivo.

Chemical analysis was performed by UPLC-MS/MS to quantify several phenolic compounds including catechin (1,627.6 mg kg−1), quercitrin (1,235.8 mg kg–1) and gallic acid (628. 2 mg kg−1). The ICP analysis revealed that potassium and calcium were the main inorganic components in the seeds and leaves of C. albidus. The hydroethanolic extract of the leaves showed the highest content of polyphenols/flavonoids, whereas the highest value of proantho cyanidins was detected in the aqueous extract of the seeds. All extracts showed potent antioxidant activity related to different phenolic compounds (quercetin, gallic acid, astragalin, catechin, and rutin). The aqueous extract of the leaves strongly inhibited paw edema (76.1 %) after 6 h of treatment and showed maximal inhibition of protein denaturation (191.0 µg mL−1 for 50 % inhibition) and analgesic activity in different nociceptive models. The presented data reveal that C. albidus extracts potentially show antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic activities that could confirm the traditional use of this plant.
Characterization of mineral composition of leaves and flowers of wild-growing Sambucus nigra
Authors: Qazimi Bujar , Stafilov Trajče , Andonovska Katerina Bačeva , Tašev Krste , Geskovski Nikola , Dragusha Shpend , Koraqi Hyrije , Ejupi Valon
Published: March 2024

The objective of this study was to determine the mineral content in the leaves and flowers of wild-grown Sambucus nigra collected from eleven different locations in Kosovo. The samples were digested in a microwave system using the wet digestion method. The minerals were determined by the application of inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). A total of 31 elements were determined, 15 elements by the ICP-AES method (Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Sr, V, and Zn) and 16 elements by the ICP-MS method (Ag, As, Be, Bi, Cd, Co, Cs, Ga, Hg, In, Li, Ni, Pb, Rb, Tl, and U). The leaves of S. nigra show a higher content of minerals compared to the flowers, except for the flower of the sample SN-FL10, which is characterized by a high concentration of Fe, Al, Pb, Be, and Tl. The concentration of heavy metals and toxic elements (Pb, Cd, and Hg) was within the permissible concentrations according to Eur. Ph.
From Corpus Data to Constructional Networks: Analyzing Language with the Usage-Based Construction Grammar Framework
Authors: Horsch Jakob
Published: March 2024

Construction Grammar (CxG) is an innovative approach to language that has become increasingly popular in the Anglosphere over the last 30 years. In CxG, the basic units of linguistic analysis are constructions: arbitrary and conventional form-meaning pairings, reminiscent of Saussure’s linguistic sign, but applied to levels of linguistic analysis beyond the lexicon. A large body of research has provided ample evidence in support of CxG. However, the theory remains unknown to many colleagues outside the Anglosphere.

In this paper, I highlight a particularly interesting strand of CxG that is referred to as ‘usage-based’, an approach that assumes constructions are learned based on input frequency, that is, through repeated exposure to and use of a linguistic structure (hence usage-based). The main aim of this paper is thus to demonstrate how corpus data can be analyzed to find evidence for ‘entrenchment’ of linguistic structures and thus, the existence of constructions. I will illustrate this procedure by applying so-called covarying-collexeme analyses to data from the Slovak National Corpus (SNC) and the Slovak Web 2011 corpus from which I extracted 785 tokens of the so-called Comparative Correlative (CC) construction (e.g. Čím viac čítam, tým viac rozumiem).
On the conception of proper names and deproprial expressions in the academic dictionary of contemporary Czech
Authors: Georgievová Jana , Křivan Jan , Lišková Michaela , Šemelík Martin
Published: March 2024

This paper is a conceptual supplement sui generis, the aim of which is to present a modified treatment of proper names and deproprial expressions in the Academic Dictionary of Contemporary Czech (ADCC). The focus of the study is both a reflection on the past and current lexicographical practice and a discussion of the key issues related to the treatment of the respective lexical subsystem in the dictionary. First, we summarize the basic facts concerning the lexicographic processing of proprial and deproprial lexical units in the field of explanatory lexicography. Second, we provide some more general information about the ADCC and, most importantly, about the macrostructure and microstructure of the dictionary in reference to the topic of the present study. We focus on the inclusion of proprial and deproprial entries in the ADCC and the specific treatment of proper names contained in phrasemes. Special attention is paid to the microstructure of proprial and deproprial entries, as well.
Creativity and copyright law in the process of translation
Authors: Vargová Dominika , Varga Juraj
Published: March 2024

The paper aims to point to the presence of creativity in translation. First, it analyzes the translation process, in which it uncovers its creative aspects, and then identifies the creative potential of individual types of translation. It reveals the possibilities available to translators in order to apply their creative translation solutions. The above view of translation as a process and translation as a product presents translators in a role that is often questioned and even overlooked – the role of a creator, while complementing the assessment of their work from the point of view of law. How does the law interpret creative activity in the case of translation, and when is the result of such activity, a translation, protected by copyright law? Under what conditions can a translator become an author? The authors attempt to answer such questions with an interdisciplinary understanding of the issue of creativity in translation, which, from their perspective, deserves increased attention from both the lay and professional public.
Children’s analogism in the acquisition of morphology as a reflection of linguistic thinking
Authors: Sokolová Jana Kičura , Palková Lenka
Published: March 2024

The paper presents psycholinguistic personal case study in its character. It focuses on the analogous (hypergeneralizing) formation of nouns and verbs in the ontogenesis of children’s speech through the prism of linguistic principles. The basic research material is diary entries of 364 grammatical forms of two children aged 1;10 – 2;7 years and 3;8 – 4;5 years (recorded during the ten months in 2017), which are incompatible with the literary norm of the Slovak language. The basic starting point was the hypothesis that agrammatic forms in children’s speech can be categorized and explained on the basis of natural language principles, whose application presupposes a certain level in the development and functioning of logical and thought operations and the cognitive system as such. The analysis of research material enabled us to generalize certain tendencies in the ontogenesis of the morphological system in children, which lead to structural iconism, uniform symbolization, systemicity and unification of the word-formation basis. The application of the principles in children’s speech has proved to be specific – the child applies in his speech mainly the principles of analogy, naturalness and dominance. The limit of the presented longitudinal research is the small number of respondents and the very nature of the research problem, whose solution requires intensive contact with the child subject, a longer period of time and more extensive research material.
Red Persistent Luminescence and Trap Properties of Mg2SiO4: Mn2+, M3+ (M3+ = B3+; Al3+; Ga3+; In3+) Material
Authors: Doke G.
Published: March 2024

Persistent luminescence (PersL), also called long-lasting phosphorescence or simply afterglow, is a luminescence characterised by the emission of radiation from a few seconds to several days after the excitation source has been switched off. Over the past two decades, research on PersL materials, both in fundamental and applied physics, has developed rapidly; however, the explanation for the physical processes that cause afterglow still needs to be clarified. Today, PersL materials are used mainly for luminescent paints, safety signs and decorations. At the same time, research into using such materials in medicine, information storage, anti-counterfeiting technology, etc., is underway.

Currently, information on the long persistent luminescence materials with emission in the blue and green spectral range is widely available. In contrast, the number of publications on the afterglow in the red and near-infrared spectral range is considerably lower.

Within the framework of this research, Mg2SiO4: Mn2+; M3+ (M3+ = B3+; Al3+; Ga3+; In3+) materials were synthesised using solid state reaction synthesis. When excited with X-rays, the materials exhibited a broad Mn2+ PersL band with two maxima at approximately 625 nm and 730 nm. After cessation of irradiation, an afterglow of at least 6 hours could be observed.

The research focuses on the trap properties of the materials. It was concluded that at least three discrete trap levels with activation energies approximately between 0.4–1.6 eV were present in the samples. Additionally, co-doping with Al3+; Ga3+; In3+ ions improved PersL longevity of the Mg2SiO4: Mn2+ material.