bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Factors that contribute to Helminth Prevalence in Communities even after Repeated Mass Drug Administrations in Anambra State, Nigeria
Authors: Aribodor Ogechukwu , Okaka Christopher , Sam-Wobo Sammy , Bikoumou Annick , Obikwelu Emmanuel
Published: August 2024

Background
Over the past decade, mass drug administration (MDA) has been a crucial strategy in controlling schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis in Anambra State, Nigeria. This longitudinal study from 2017 to 2019, evaluated the implementation of interventions introduced for the control of schistosomiasis (SCH) and soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STHs) in recipient communities and the gains.
Methods
One thousand and forty-six consenting pupils aged 5 to 16 years old were enrolled. Kato- Katz and urine filtration techniques were employed for the examination of fresh faecal and urine samples respectively. A structured questionnaire was administered to 243 people for the assessment of the contextual factors. Data were analyzed using Minitab 17.
Results
Equal numbers (50% females and 50% males) make up the 1046 pupils. A baseline prevalence of 8% (82/1046) was observed. Helminthes ova seen were A. lumbricoides (7.0%), T. trichiura (1.0%), Hookworm (0.1%) and S. haematobium (0.5%), while co-infection of 1% was observed between A. lumbricoides and Hookworm. Follow-up evaluation showed a prevalence of 6% (65/1046) made up of A. lumbricoides (2.0%), T. trichiuria (2.2%), S. haematobium (2%) with co-infection of 0.2% observed between A. lumbricoides and S. haematobium. Helminth infection with respect to location (p > 0.05) varied significantly at baseline and follow-up. Socio-economic status was significantly related to transmission. From the 243 respondents, 87% of the people earn less than $50 per month; also 39% practice open defecation, and 71% advocated for Mass Administration of Medicines to continue as 67% were happy as it was free of charge. On sustainability, 98% were happy that the government is providing funds.
Conclusion
It is advocated that emphasis should continue on health education, while concurrently working on enhancing basic social amenities. These combined efforts will significantly contribute to achieving long-lasting positive changes and maintaining the gains of the interventions.
Event-triggered control for stable MMP systems with input saturation using a Bessel-Legendre integral inequality
Authors: Santra Srimanta , Joby Maya , Fabri Simon G. , Sathishkumar M.
Published: August 2024

This paper proposes an event-triggered sampled-data control approach for electrical multi-machine power (MMP) systems with polytopic type input saturation. The proposed approach employs a Bessel-Legendre integral inequality, which is less conservative than traditional integral inequalities such as Jensen’s and Wirtinger-based, to improve the system’s stability condition. The event-triggering condition is periodically verified at each sampling instant, and new measurements and control signals are calculated accordingly. The design criteria are expressed in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), which ensure asymp-totic stability using Lyapunov stability theory. Moreover , the controllability energy function is utilized to analyze the essential nonlinear dynamics of the system. The proposed approach is validated through simulation studies on the MMP system. The results demonstrate that the approach effectively stabilizes the system while minimizing the control effort. The Bessel-Legendre integral inequality provides a less conservative approach than traditional integral inequalities, resulting in better stability conditions and improved control performance. The use of the controllability energy function in conjunction with the event-triggered control approach provides a comprehensive framework for the control of MMP systems with polytopic type input saturation.
Effect of throat diameter on the cavitation phenomenon inside an aerated Venturi tube for microbubble production
Authors: Hamdan Noor Saffreena , Kaneko Akiko
Published: August 2024

Aeration in Venturi tubes for microbubbles production has become popular in recent years as it enhanced the transportation of oxygen and other gases in wastewater treatment and mineral engineering. In an aerated Venturi, air/gas was injected upstream into the flowing liquid inside the Venturi tube. The air, flows inside the Venturi tube as bubbles, before breakup occurs downstream after the throat area. This method promoted the transportation of particular gases or substances in microbubbles. To further increase the generation of microbubbles, flowing liquid velocity was increased by decreasing the throat diameter, but cavitation started to emerge inside the tube as velocity increased. This present study aims to investigate the effect of reducing the throat diameter on the cavitation number of the aerated Venturi tube and how it affects the breakup characteristics of bubbles. Activities involved in the investigation were; visualization of flow and generated microbubbles, image processing of the images captured, pressure and void fraction measurement, and calculating the cavitation number. The result showed that reducing the throat diameter initiated the cavitation occurrence earlier, and in aerated cases, cavitation exists in the form of cavitated bubbles. Aeration also affects the cavitation number in a non-cavitated flow but does not significantly affect the existing cavitated flow. Reducing the throat diameter also successfully increased the generation of bubbles less than 0.2 mm but the overall SMD did not show a straightforward relationship with cavitation number.
Imaging volcanoes during unrest: Ambient Noise Tomography of a transient plumbing system, Vulcano, Italy.
Authors: Stumpp Douglas , Cabrera-Pérez Iván , Savard Geneviève , Ricci Tullio , Alparone Salvatore , Ursino Andrea , Palano Mimmo , Sparacino Federica , Munoz-Burbano Francisco , Barat Célia , Hardy María-Paz Reyes , Ruch Joël , Bonadonna Costanza , Lupi Matteo
Published: August 2024

Volcanic hazards increase exponentially during periods of unrest. At present, it is difficult to discern whether magmatic intrusions or hydrothermal activity are the primary drivers of volcanic (re)awakening. This uncertainty complicates hazard mitigation and risk reduction strategies, ultimately influencing civil protection decisions and evacuation plans. In 2021, Vulcano, Italy, entered in unrest, featuring for the first time the occurrence of very long period (VLP) seismic events, which are frequently associated with magma motion at depth. The proposed causative VLPs models are non-unique and advocate either magmatic or hydrothermal activity. We deployed a dense nodal seismic network of 196 3C sensors during the unrest of Vulcano to image the source of deformation thanks to the inversion of seismic ambient noise data. We show that high-resolution Nodal Ambient Noise Tomography (NANT) can accurately identify regions of magma occurrence at depth and help discriminating between magmatic and hydrothermal drivers of unrest. We identify a sub-horizontal intrusion migrating northwards below the vertical projection of the VLP source location, which we suggest may be the causative source of deformation. The deployment of NANT during volcanic unrest, if rapidly processed, can map the distribution of S-wave anomalies and constrain the velocity structure of the regions undergoing major deformations. This approach has the potential to transform static evacuation plans into dynamic and source-dependent hazard mitigation schemes that may ultimately save lives.
Comparative physiology and morphology of BLA-projecting NBM/SI cholinergic neurons in mouse and macaque
Authors: Luo Feng , Jiang Li , Desai Niraj S. , Bai Li , Watkins Gabrielle V. , Eldridge Mark A.G. , Plotnikova Anya , Mohanty Arya , Cummins Alex C. , Averbeck Bruno B. , Talmage David A. , Role Lorna W.
Published: August 2024

Cholinergic projection neurons of the nucleus basalis and substantia innominata (NBM/SI) densely innervate the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and have been shown to contribute to the encoding of fundamental and life-threatening experiences. Given the vital importance of these circuits in the acquisition and retention of memories that are essential for survival in a changing environment, it is not surprising that the basic anatomical organization of the NBM/SI is well conserved across animal classes as diverse as teleost and mammal. What is not known is the extent to which the physiology and morphology of NBM/SI neurons have also been conserved. To address this issue, we made patch-clamp recordings from NBM/SI neurons in ex vivo slices of two widely divergent mammalian species, mouse and rhesus macaque, focusing our efforts on cholinergic neurons that project to the BLA. We then reconstructed most of these recorded neurons post hoc to characterize neuronal morphology. We found that rhesus macaque BLA-projecting cholinergic neurons were both more intrinsically excitable and less morphologically compact than their mouse homologs. Combining measurements of 18 physiological features and 13 morphological features, we illustrate the extent of the separation. Although macaque and mouse neurons both exhibited considerable within-group diversity and overlapped with each other on multiple individual metrics, a combined morpho-electric analysis demonstrates that they form two distinct neuronal classes. Given the shared purpose of the circuits in which these neurons participate, this finding raises questions about (and offers constraints on) how these distinct classes result in similar behavior.
Boosting Long-term Factuality in Large Language Model with Real-World Entity Queries
Authors: Davies Lino , Bellington Samantha
Published: August 2024

The challenge of maintaining long-term factual accuracy in response to dynamic real-world entity queries is critical for the reliability and utility of AI-driven language models. The novel integration of external knowledge bases and fact-checking mechanisms in the modified Llama 3 model significantly enhances its ability to generate accurate and contextually relevant responses. Through architectural modifications, including multi-head attention mechanisms and domain-specific modules, the model's performance was rigorously evaluated across various metrics such as factual precision, recall, F1 score, and contextual accuracy. The extensive experimental setup, involving high-performance computing resources and sophisticated training methodologies, ensured robust testing and validation of the model's capabilities. Comparative analysis with baseline models demonstrated substantial improvements in accuracy and relevance, while error analysis provided insights into areas requiring further refinement. The findings highlight the potential for broader applications and set new standards for the development of reliable language models capable of handling dynamically evolving information. Future research directions include optimizing real-time data integration and exploring hybrid models to further enhance the factuality and robustness of language models.
Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of an antiseptic hydrogel prepared with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Authors: Chavez-Sandoval Blanca Estela , Espinoza-Vega Alejandra Sarai , Nuñez-Tahuilan Grecia , Moreno-Rivera María de Lourdes , García-Ventura María Isabel , Balderas-López José Abraham
Published: August 2024

In developed countries, food and consumption habits have led us to a dead end where most of the population suffers alterations in metabolism, which leads to diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), high blood pressure and chronic inflammation. DM can increase the risk of having some skin problems, such as bacterial and fungal infections that lead to ulcers that are very difficult to heal, and a large percentage of patients even lose their lower extremities.
A proposal for the care of ulcer wounds, diabetic foot, burns, among others, is to implement patches and/or bandages with a silver nanoparticle gel used as an antiseptic, as an alternative administration system to antibiotics to control and inhibit the colonization of microorganisms such as super bacteria.
Silver nanoparticles have a great potential in biomedical applications such as bactericidal, fungicidal, antiviral or agent healing, among others. Of all its uses, one of the most important is his employment as an agent disinfectant for hygienic and medical purposes.
In this work we prepared a hydrogel with a concentration of 1000 μg/mL of Ag NPs, and stability studies were carried out: pH study of the final formulation and physical study to corroborate that the hydrogel maintains its appearance, color, odor and pH for 30 days at 25 °C and 40 °C. Its antimicrobial activity was evaluated and compared against a commercial cream containing silver sulfadiazine. From the Kirby-Bauer test, obtaining an average diameter of the inhibition zones for our hydrogel of 13.00 mm to 15.00 mm. While the average diameter of the inhibition zones for the commercial cream was 10.00 mm. Therefore, the hydrogel elaborated with AgNPs has good microbial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and against Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Neurofeedback: Applications, Advancements, and Future Directions
Authors: Jubair Hassan , Islam Md.Merajul , Mehenaz Mithela , Akter Fahmida , yeasmin Nilufa
Published: August 2024

Neurofeedback, a technique enabling individuals to modulate their brain activity in real-time, has garnered significant attention for its potential applications in clinical therapy, cognitive enhancement, and performance optimization. This review paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state of neurofeedback research, drawing insights from 65 seminal papers. We explore the historical background, methods, and techniques employed in neurofeedback studies, highlighting advancements and innovations in the field. Through a detailed examination of applications across various domains, including clinical settings and cognitive performance enhancement, we summarize key findings and efficacy of neurofeedback interventions. Furthermore, we discuss common limitations and challenges faced in neurofeedback research, along with future directions and potential advancements. By synthesizing insights from diverse studies, this paper offers valuable implications for the future of neurofeedback, emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and personalized approaches in harnessing its full potential.
Program Defect Detection Using Sensitive Slice Semantics with Control
Flow Variable Dependency
Authors: Tang Chenghua , Shuai Huoli , Yang Mengmeng
Published: August 2024

Background:

Slicing technology focuses on data association behavior and is suitable for variable
dependency analysis in tight defect contexts.

Methods:

By constructing a control flow variable dependency graph(CFVDG), performing slicing
and semantic analysis and understanding, finally applied to detect defection.

Results:

Compared with the slicing methods based on SDG and DFG, the consumption of time
and space has decreased.

Conclusion:

The experimental results show that this method can improve the precision of defect
detection and reduce the false alarm rate, while reasonably and effectively shortening the
time for graph construction and slicing, and reducing the consumption of edge storage space.
Quantification using a HPLC-FLD-based Detector and Molecular Identifi-cation of Ochratoxin-A Producing Aspergillus Species Isolated from Stored Grain Samples
Authors: Choudhary Kanchan Gopal , Sharffuddin Choudhary , Kumar Arun
Published: August 2024

Aim:

Quantification using an HPLC-FLD based detector and Molecular identification of Ochratoxin-A producing Aspergillus Species isolated from stored grain samples.

Background:

Fungi are cosmopolitan in origin and are known to grow in any suitable substra-tum. In the present investigation, Aspergillus species isolated from stored grain samples were analyzed for ochratoxin-A production.

Objective:

The objective of this study is the quantification of Ochratoxin and identification of ochratoxigenic fungi.

Methods:

A total of n=34 black Aspergilli and n=1 Ochre Aspergilli were isolated from grain samples of Bihar, India and it was tested for OTA production. The limit of detection (LOD) is found to be 0.33μg/Kg and the limit of quantification (LOQ) is found to be 1μg/Kg for OTA in HPLC-FLD.

Results:

In the present study, out of all the fungal isolates, only TiB fungal isolate was able to produce the ochratoxin-A above the level of LOQ. The positive isolate TiB obtained from stored sesame seed samples was able to produce 25.54 μg/Kg of OTA. ITS sequence analysis of TiB isolate was able to matche 100% with Aspergillus welwitschiae and Aspergillus foetidus.

conclusion:

This is the first report of ochratoxicogenic Aspergillus fungal isolate isolated from stored sesame seed samples of Bihar, India.

Conclusion:

This is the initial report of ochratoxigenic Aspergillus fungal isolate isolated from stored sesame seed samples of flood-prone areas of Bihar, India.
Challenging The Investigator’s Investigation Termination Authority Without Public Prosecutor’s Approval
Authors: Hakim Jefferson
Published: August 2024

The principle of dominus litis is owned by the Public Prosecutor as the master of the case in the criminal justice system. The Public Prosecutor has a central role in criminal law enforcement which begins when following the progress of the investigation carried out by investigators to the execution of court decisions that obtain permanent legal force. However, the Criminal Procedure Law seems to exclude the absolute authority of the Public Prosecutor as the master of the case concerning the investigator’s authority to terminate an investigation without prior approval of the Public Prosecutor. This resulted in the Public Prosecutor not having a control function over the investigation executed by investigators with the potential for abuse of authority. The research method used in this study is normative juridical with descriptive analysis. This study used secondary and tertiary data, which were prepared and analysed according to the discussion in this study. The study reveals that the investigator’s authority to stop the investigation without prior approval from the Public Prosecutor is contrary to the principle of dominus litis attached to the Public Prosecutor associated with the Guidelines on the Role of the Prosecutor and the authority of the Public Prosecutor in England and Wales and South Korea.
History of The Development of The Principle of Delegatus Non-Potes Delegare and Its Implementation
Authors: Al-Fatih Sholahuddin , Fadli Moh.
Published: August 2024

The origin of the principle of delegatus non potes delegare is often debated in academic circles. This principle is essential because it is the basis for the origins of several policies and other legal rules, such as delegated legislation. This article traces the origins of the delegatus non potes delegare principle and the development of delegated legislation in several countries, including Indonesia. Using legal research methods with conceptual and historical approaches, this article finds that the delegatus non potes delegare principle was first used in Paris, France, in 1566. Thereafter, the use of the principle continued to develop until its implementation in delegated legislation. This article provides an overview of implementing delegated legislation in several countries, namely, the United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Netherlands, France, India, Nigeria, Australia, Indonesia and in one supra-national region, namely, the European Union. Three critical aspects must be considered in the implementation of delegated legislation: the arrangement, the supervisory body/institution, and the form of supervision.
Legal Implications of Consumer Personal Data Misuse by OJK Licensed Fintech Lending Operators
Authors: Tektona Rahmadi Indra
Published: August 2024

The Financial Services Authority (OJK) has released a list of registered and licensed fintechs. The Investment Alert Task Force has taken firm action against illegal fintech lending that has the potential to break the law, along with the Indonesian National Police and the Ministry of Communication and Information. Privacy is violated when personal data are collected and shared. In the misuse of fintech lending consumer personal data, consumer rights are violated, and the loss is in the form of immaterial compensation. The legal implications are not only legal consequences with violations committed by the organizer, which result in the imposition of sanctions by the state. This normative legal research uses statutory, conceptual, and comparative approaches with a deductive-analytical method to explain the importance of regulating of personal data consumer protection on fintech lending operators.
Tendencias en Investigación para el producto Panela: Escaneo tecnológico de aproximación
Authors: Flórez Martínez Diego Hernando , Contreras Pedraza Carlos Alberto
Published: August 2024

Los escaneos tecnológicos son una adaptación de la vigilancia tecnológica, que facilitan la aproximación a tendencias específicas en una temática de interés. En otras palabras, contribuyen a identificar los tópicos clave sobre los cuales se desarrolla actualmente la investigación tecnológica. El escaneo desarrollado pretende identificar tópicos asociados a la panela, producto principal de las actividades de la cadena productiva de la panela y su agroindustria, producto con características de alimento y edulcorante de origen natural.
Tendencias en investigación y desarrollo en edición génica
Authors: Contreras Pedraza Carlos Alberto
Published: August 2024

El objetivo de estudio es identificar a través de la vigilancia científica y tecnológica cómo herramienta para la gestión de información especializada, las tendencias en investigación en el entorno mundial y nacional la temática de edición génica. El documento se estructura en cinco secciones, correspondientes con el uso e implementación de herramientas para el tratamiento y análisis de la información científica disponible en las bases de datos especializadas. Las secciones son a saber: i) Generalidades y metodología; ii) indicadores de actividad iii) Análisis de patentes internacionales y, iv) patentes nacionales
Prevention of immobilization stress-induced lipid peroxidation processes and antioxidant protection disorders in the development of experimental periodontitis
Authors: Regeda M.S. , Olekshiy P.V. , Regeda-Furdychko M.M. , Reheda S.M.
Published: August 2024

Background. Periodontitis is one of the most common dental diseases. It is generally accepted that concomitant diseases and syndromes significantly change physiological processes in the body, reduce its adaptive capabilities and treatment effectiveness, and can initiate or activate the pathological process in the perio­dontium. Psychosomatic disorders and stress are no less common. The excessive and prolonged action of stress factors can contribute to developing diseases. Currently, questions concerning the pathophysiological characteristics of changes in the processes of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection in the pathogenesis of periodontitis associated with stress remain unexplored. The purpose was to investigate the pathophysiological features of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection disorders in periodontal tissues with experimental periodontitis (EP) associated with immobilization stress (IS) and to evaluate the possibility of their pharmacological correction using thiocetam. Materials and methods. Biochemical studies were conducted on 88 male guinea pigs (males) with a body weight of 0.18–0.21 kg, who were fed a standard diet and were divided into five groups. The first group comprised intact animals (controls); the second group included animals with EP and was divided into three subgroups on the 3rd, 5th, and 15th days, respectively; the third group consisted of animals with IS in three subgroups; the fourth group comprised animals with combined EP and IS in three subgroups before treatment; and the fifth group included animals with EP and IS after the therapy with thiocetam, which was administered intramuscularly at a dose of 250 mg/kg once a day between the 6th and 15th days. Results. EP associated with IS at all stages of its development (3rd, 5th, 15th days) is accompanied by a gradual increase in the level of diene conjugates, malondialdehyde, a compensatory increase in superoxide dismutase and catalase activity on the 3rd day of the experi­ment, and subsequently by their significant decline on the 5th and 15th days, which indicated the development of oxidative stress. Thiocetam decreased lipid peroxidation products and increased the activity of these enzymes in periodontal tissues, which showed its antioxidant effect in EP and IS. Conclusions. The association between EP and IS resulted in the enhancement of lipid peroxidation processes against the backdrop of a decreased antioxidant protection in periodontal tissues, particularly on the 5th and 15th days of the experiment, compared to the control group, indicating the presence of oxidative stress. The administration of thiocetam had the antioxidant effect (a reduction in the concentration of diene conjugates, malon­dialdehyde, an increase in superoxide dismutase, and catalase activity in periodontal tissues) under the conditions of EP associated with IS compared to a group of animals without any treatment.
Synthesis of New Dithiocarbamate Derivative Reagent for Micro Extraction and Determination of Iron(II) Ion in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Shaker Ivan Malik , Khudhair Ahmed Fadhil , Mihsen Hayder Hamied
Published: August 2024

The new reagent N-methyl-N-((((4-chlorophenyl)diazenyl)thio)carbonothioyl)aniline (L) was synthesized via the reaction of sodium N-methyl-N-phenyldithiocarbamate with 4-chlorobenzenediazonium salt. The reagent was identified with many techniques, such as CHNS elemental analysis, UV-vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, mass spectroscopy, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. The Fe(II) ion was utilized to create a metal complex by reacting 2 mol of reagent with 1 mol of iron(II) chloride. Two approaches that were utilized for M:L ratio determination are mole ratio and Job methods. All of these refer to the 1:2 ratio for the complex. The solid complex was prepared and identified with the previous techniques, and additional electrical molar conductivity, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. A tetrahedral structure for the prepared complex was suggested based on spectroscopic measurements and elemental analysis results. Cloud point extraction was created for the preconcentration and separation of Fe(II) in drug samples by forming a rich phase using Triton X-114 at 80 °C temperature and pH 5 measurements utilizing flame atomic absorption spectroscopy and UV-vis spectrophotometer at λmax 635 nm. The calibration curve of Fe(II) was linear in the extent of 0.2–1.0 μg/mL with r2 of 0.996. The detection limit and quantification are 0.0504 and 0.1530 μg/mL.
Codoping of Nickel and Nitrogen in ZrO2-TiO2 Composite as Photocatalyst for Methylene Blue Degradation under Visible Light Irradiation
Authors: Syoufian Akhmad , Kurniawan Rian
Published: August 2024

Nickel (Ni) and nitrogen (N) as codopants had been introduced into ZrO2-TiO2 composite photocatalyst. The objectives of this study are to investigate the codoping effect of Ni and N, as well as the calcination temperature towards the ability to photodegrade methylene blue (MB) under the irradiation of visible light. Different amounts of Ni dopant (wNi/wTi = 2–10%) along with a fixed amount of N dopant (wN/wTi = 10%) were applied to the ZrO2-TiO2 composite through the sol-gel method. Crystallization of the composite was done by calcination at 500, 700, and 900 °C. Characterization of the composite was done using Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), specular reflectance UV-visible spectrophotometer (SR-UV) and scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM-EDX). The photocatalytic activity of the composite was evaluated by photodegradation of 4 mg L−1 MB solution under visible light irradiation at various reaction times. The lowest band gap was achieved until 2.79 eV by the composite with 6% Ni and 10% N calcined at 900 °C. The highest MB degradation percentage up to 61% was obtained by the composite with 6% Ni and 10% N calcined at 500 °C (kobs = 7.8 × 10−3 min−1).
Application of New Generation Information Technology in Oilfield Intelligent Ecology
Authors: Zhang Jiayi , Wang Yupu , Deng Hongtao
Published: August 2024

With the growth of global energy demand and the increasing depletion of oilfield resources, oilfield intelligence has become a key means to improve production efficiency, reduce costs, enhance safety and protect the environment. This paper explores the application of next-generation information technologies in the oilfield intelligence ecosystem, including Internet of Things (IoT), big data analytics, artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML), cloud computing, edge computing, and blockchain technologies. These technologies play an important role in smart drilling, smart production, smart maintenance and smart management. For example, IoT sensors are used to monitor drilling equipment in real time, AI/ML optimises drilling parameters, big data analytics improves production efficiency, cloud computing supports real-time data processing, edge computing enables equipment failure prediction, and blockchain technology improves supply chain management. Studies have shown that new-generation information technology significantly improves oilfield productivity, reduces operating costs, enhances safety, and promotes environmental protection. However, these technology applications also face challenges such as data security, system integration, talent training and high initial investment. This paper proposes countermeasures to strengthen technology research and development, formulate policies and standards, and promote cross-industry cooperation.
Peasantry and Ecology in Fakir Mohan Senapati's Six Acres and a Third
Authors: Rao Dr. T. Eswar , Venkataramana Dr. B.
Published: August 2024

Fakir Mohan Senapati's novel "Six Acres and a Third" intricately weaves together themes of peasantry and ecology, offering a profound exploration of the complex relationship between rural livelihoods and environmental sustainability. Set in colonial India, the novel delves into the plight of peasant communities grappling with land dispossession, exploitation, and environmental degradation. Through vivid character portrayals and compelling narratives, Senapati sheds light on the multifaceted challenges faced by peasants as they navigate the ecological complexities of agrarian life. Central to the novel is the concept of "Six Acres and a Third," symbolizing the meagre landholding of the protagonist, Ramachandra, and by extension, the broader struggles of rural peasants. Senapati skilfully intertwines themes of land rights, agrarian reform, and ecological stewardship, emphasizing the inseparable link between peasant empowerment and environmental justice. The novel underscores the invaluable role of peasants as custodians of the land, drawing attention to their traditional knowledge and sustainable farming practices. Through its depiction of peasant resistance and resilience, "Six Acres and a Third" challenges dominant narratives of progress and development, highlighting the destructive consequences of exploitative land policies and industrialization. Senapati's narrative serves as a poignant critique of colonialism and capitalist expansion, while also offering insights into the enduring struggles for land rights and environmental sustainability in contemporary contexts.,
Implicaciones de los hábitos alimentarios en la salud de los jóvenes del sureste de México durante la cuarentena por COVID-19
Authors: Uuh Narvaez Jonatan Jafet , Morales Mendoza Fernando , Martínez Rivera José Iván , Segura Campos Maira Rubi
Published: August 2024

El estudio evaluó los hábitos alimenticios, la actividad física y los antecedentes familiares de jóvenes del sureste mexicano, considerando las implicaciones para su salud durante la cuarentena COVID-19. El estudio fue transversal con una muestra aleatoria simple. Se encuestaron a 153 jóvenes de entre 15 y 35 años del sureste de México, quienes respondieron un cuestionario en línea, en el cual se obtuvo información sobre las medidas antropométricas de los participantes, su estado de salud general (incluyendo síntomas de depresión), patrones dietéticos, niveles de actividad física y antecedentes médicos familiares relacionados con enfermedades crónicas. Los datos se analizaron con estadísticas descriptivas e inferenciales, y para el análisis multivariante se utilizó la odds ratio ajustada por edad, sexo e índice de masa corporal (IMC). La obesidad (41.9%) y los síntomas de depresión (24.2%) fueron las condiciones a la salud más frecuentes en los participantes. El 10.5% consumía refrescos embotellados durante la comida. El 34.36% de los encuestados no realizaba actividad física. Un IMC elevado y el consumo de alimentos no recomendables (ANR) durante la cena y el almuerzo aumentan el riesgo de obesidad hasta 8, 2.4 y 2.7 veces, respectivamente.  La obesidad (2.3) y el consumo de ANR durante la cena (7.6) y la merienda (2.6) aumentan el riesgo de síntomas de depresión. En conclusión, los hábitos alimentarios tuvieron importantes implicaciones en la salud de los jóvenes del sureste de México durante la cuarentena COVID-19. Así, los resultados contribuyen a una mayor compresión de las repercusiones de la pandemia en su salud.
"Ethnomedicinal Applications, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacological Properties of Ficus Benghalensis L. (Moraceae): A Comprehensive Review"
Authors: Barde Ms. Sonal R.
Published: August 2024

Abstract: There are diverse varieties of plants and trees with humongous medicinal properties. Indian and other ancient civilizations were leveraging these plants for curing and treating various diseases and ailments. One such tree with remarkable medicinal properties is the Ficus benghalensis, also known as the Indian Banyan Tree. Ficus benghalensis L. (Moraceae) is used as traditional medicine in South Asian countries for the treatment of various ailments. The main aim of this review was to collect and analyze the traditional uses and scientific information on the phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of different plant parts of F. benghalensis. Information on its ethnomedicinal uses was collected from published books, book chapters, and research papers on ethnobotanical surveys. Scientific information about phytochemistry and pharmacology was retrieved from online bibliographic databases such as PubMed, Sci Finder, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Regarding traditional uses, various plant parts of F. benghalensis were found to be used in Ayurveda, Siddha and other traditional medicine systems in South Asia. Ficus benghalensis is an important medicinal plant that has several bioactive compounds. The stem bark was used mostly for the treatment of diabetes, diarrhoea, and dysentery. The latex is used for the treatment of wounds, burns, and rheumatism. Fruits are edible and are used as a tonic. Regarding phytochemistry, leucoanthocyanidin derivatives, and triterpenes were reported from the stem bark, and triterpene derivatives and phenolic compounds including flavonoids were reported from the leaves. The present review is, therefore, an initiative to give a broad survey of the literature on its phytochemistry, pharmacognosy, traditional and pharmacological uses
Automated Detection of Malaria-Infected Cells Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Khan Sahil
Published: August 2024

Abstract: In this study, we developed and evaluated a convolutional neural network (CNN) model to detect malaria-infected cells from microscopic images. The dataset comprised 27,558 images categorized into "Infected" and "Uninfected" cells. The model architecture included multiple convolutional layers, max-pooling layers, and dropout layers to enhance feature extraction and prevent overfitting. Data augmentation techniques were employed to improve the model's generalization capability. The CNN model demonstrated high performance, achieving over 90% accuracy on both training and validation datasets. The training and validation accuracy curves showed a rapid increase in the initial epochs, followed by a plateau, indicating the model's robustness. The loss curves revealed a significant decrease in both training and validation loss, with the validation loss stabilizing at a lower level than the training loss due to effective regularization. This model presents a promising approach for accurate and efficient detection of malaria-infected cells, which can aid in timely diagnosis and treatment, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
Hallazgos clínicos del uso de iSGLT2 en pacientes con nefropatía por IgA no diabéticos: una serie de casos
Authors: Serna Trejos Juan Santiago , Neira Ruiz Laura Carolina , Bermúdez Moyano Stefanya Geraldine , González Sánchez Diego Andrés
Published: August 2024

Introducción: la nefropatía por IgA es una glomerulopatía prevalente que puede llevar a enfermedad renal crónica y falla renal. El tratamiento tradicional se enfoca en nefroprotección y control de la proteinuria.
Objetivo: evaluar el efecto de los inhibidores del cotransportador de sodio-glucosa tipo 2 (iSGLT2) en la reducción de la proteinuria en pacientes con nefropatía por IgA sin diabetes.
Presentación del caso: se describen tres casos de pacientes con nefropatía por IgA primaria y sin diabetes, quienes presentaron proteinuria persistente a pesar del tratamiento convencional con IECA/ARA II. Tras iniciar dapagliflozina, se observó una reducción significativa de la proteinuria, alcanzando niveles subnefróticos en meses.
Discusión y conclusión: los resultados sugieren un potencial beneficio de los iSGLT2 en la modulación de la proteinuria en pacientes con nefropatía por IgA, posiblemente mediado por efectos sobre la presión intraglomerular y la respuesta inflamatoria. El uso de iSGLT2 en pacientes con nefropatía por IgA no diabéticos podría representar una estrategia prometedora para la nefroprotección. Se requieren estudios adicionales para confirmar estos hallazgos y determinar su impacto a largo plazo.
Inteligência artificial e juiz-robô: os algoritmos na tomada de decisões pelo poder judiciário
Authors: Hock Patrícia Adriani
Published: August 2024

Esta obra se propõe a refletir sob quais condições a hermenêutica de viés filosófico, de Heidegger e Gadamer, e a teoria de Dworkin podem servir como parâmetros para a utilização da inteligência artificial (IA) pelo Judiciário Brasileiro, especialmente no contexto decisório. Busca-se compreender a (im)possibilidade de máquinas decidam processos judiciais, consolidando o juiz-robô, em substituição ao juiz humano. O desenvolvimento das tecnologias da informação e comunicação, em especial a Internet, permitiu o surgimento da sociedade em rede. Com a revolução digital, surgiu a Quarta Revolução Industrial, na qual se destaca a inteligência artificial, através do uso de algoritmos. Esse panorama impactou o Judiciário, que tem utilizado as novas tecnologias para buscar maior celeridade processual, reduzindo o problema da morosidade judicial. Porém, ao lado das inúmeras vantagens que a utilização da IA oportuniza ao Judiciário, também se descortinam sérios riscos, sobretudo a subjetividade e a ausência de transparência algorítmica, associada ao perigo de descumprimento de direitos e princípios já consagrados. Tal problemática decorre também da ausência de regulamentação da inteligência artificial no Brasil, sobretudo quanto ao seu uso pelo Judiciário. Nesse cenário, as oportunidades e riscos atinentes ao desenvolvimento tecnológico desafiam as instituições, como o Judiciário, o qual deve se apropriar da inteligência artificial e utilizá-la, no cenário decisório, para apoiar o papel do juiz (e não substituí-lo), sendo ainda necessária a produção legislativa pertinente. Revelam-se importantes os limites da integridade do direito e da hermenêutica de viés filosófico, a fim de que a utilização da IA no contexto decisório envolva, primeiramente, a necessidade de se garantir a fundamentação das decisões pelo julgador (sendo máquina ou humano) para se atingir a resposta adequada em cada processo. Essa resposta compreende, ainda, uma decisão íntegra e coerente ao caso concreto, com a observância dos parâmetros éticos e de confiança definidos pela União Europeia e combinados com aqueles já definidos no Direito Brasileiro. Por fim, a decisão judicial deve contemplar o acompanhamento (ou supervisão) de um juiz humano, de modo que a atribuição de sentido ao texto seja produzida no contexto do círculo hermenêutico, com a garantia transparência de todo o procedimento, dentro da fusão de horizonte de sentido do caso concreto, do texto e do intérprete, de acordo com as iniciativas legislativas abordadas.
Монгол хэлний дөрвөл бүрэлдүүлбэрийн утга
Authors: Dugerjav Badamdorj ,   National University of Mongolia
Published: August 2024

In this article, the author found four components in the Mongolian language system. The author notes four components in linguistics subsystems such as Mongolian linguistics: phonetics, phonology, graphemes, lexicology, syntax, morphology, stylistics, and semantics. It is said that this is the basic concept for research and studies. For example, Short vowels: o, u, ö, ü; compound vowels: ō, ū, ȫ, ǖ; diphthongs: ǒē, ŭē, ȯē, ǚē; -Tan /-ton, -ten, -tön/ means that this suffix varies in compliance with vowels harmony with the following four vowels: a, o, e, ö “-tan /-ton, -ten, -tön/” etc.
Оюутан суралцагчдын бичих чадварыг хөгжүүлэх асуудалд
Authors: Choijantsan Battulga ,   National University of Mongolia
Published: August 2024

In the article, the author explains what kind of psychological cognitive activities occurs when an individual writes something and it is more pivotal for the students to acquire a knowledge of the process of writing rather than analyzing and correcting mistakes in the product writing. Moreover, language teachers should constantly familiarize themselves with the theory, research, requirements, and recommendations regarding contemporary writing skills, and modify their teaching methods to prepare all students to become writers, scholars, and researchers. Hence, our top priority is creating an enthusiastic student who believes, “I must acquire the writing ability” and “It is significant for me to acquire writing skills” and not just getting grades. The article suggested that if students have this attitude all of them can acquire successful writing skills.
Монгол хэлний үйлдүүлэх хэвт өгүүлэхүүн нь гишүүнийг үйлдэх ба өгөх-оршихын тийн ялгалаар захирах нь
Authors: Badmaavanchin Munguntsetseg ,   National University of Mongolia
Published: August 2024

In this paper, we consider non-derived verb stems that are connected with passive voice suffixes according to the meaning in the group and most of the words that indicate the action don’t belong to humans, taking passive voice suffixes depends on the order. Therefore, we aimed to explain the close matter in the examples that agent active (human) average (animal) passive (thing) when original action performed agent who formed in dative, the meaning expressed in the sentence ordered by the transitive verb. а. Action performed agent is animal, direct object is animal. b. Action performed agent is human, direct object is animal. c. Action performed agent is human, direct object is thing. Ordering action is different with cause of action performed agent, object are human-human, human-animal, human-thing, animal-animal, animal-thing, thing-thing, some opportunities which to express, ordered by language structure, obviously depends on nonlinguistic factor.
Цахим санд суурилан хүүхдийн зохиолоос дуурайх үгийг тодруулах нь
Authors: Gansukh Narantungalag ,   National University of Mongolia, Tuvdendorj Batbyamba ,   Mongolian Academy of Sciences
Published: August 2024

That is vital to take into account whether the information provided to students through children’s literature can develop their knowledge, abilities, attitudes, and thinking, whether it provides life skills and moral education and whether it is appropriate for the age of the child. Therefore, based on the electronic database of writer D. Myagmar’s novella “ Taste of Honey”, we calculated the total vocabulary and frequency of the novella, as well as the generation form and structure, using the AntConc program. Also, based on the frequency calculation, in addition to identifying the imitation words, the words used in the illustrations were specially considered, and the language characteristics of the novel were clarified. This novella consists of 9,020 repeated words and 2,665 non-repeated words. According to the calculation of vocabulary, syllables, and imitation words, the novel can be considered one of the novels aimed at enriching the vocabulary of 6-10-year-old children and improving language composition. This study is significant because it provides the rationale for including the novel in children’s literature through computations.
Монгол хэл зүйн бүтээл дэх хэл шинжлэлийн нэр томьёоны хөмрөгийн байгуулалт
Authors: Enkhjargal Uranbileg ,   Inner Mongolian University, . Dahubaiyila ,   Inner Mongolian University
Published: August 2024

The language text corpus is a large knowledge corpus and provides useful information and data for the study of many aspects of society, life, politics, and economy in addition to linguistics. The large collections of text in a language are collected to store in a computer to form a text corpus. A lot of rich language knowledge is hidden in the vocabulary created in this way, and to bring it out and put it into real use, the vocabulary needs to be developed. By the vocabulary, knowledge of real value for research and application can be extracted from language material. Therefore, researchers create various levels, and to find the information needed for their research, they make detailed dissections and markings in more than one level. By processing at many levels, such as lexicography, syntax, semantics, etc., it can be fully used in research such as dictionary creation, machine translation, automatic sentence generation, phonetic analysis, information search, and automatic recognition. This article titled «Automatic Recognition of Mongolian Linguistic Terms» would be considered the compilation and processing of written language materials based on the four-volume book «Grammar of Mongolian Writing Language» (Mongol bičgiin helnii züi) by Academician Byambyn Rinchen, and he created a branch of linguistic terms in that work.
“Лхантав” дахь монгол, төвөд эмийн зарим нэр
Authors: Lugaa Khaliun ,   National University of Mongolia
Published: August 2024

Ancient maarambas (specialists in Tibetan medicine) used medicine and tantra to treat any disease. It is clear from the text that some medically difficult diseases are treated with tantra methods in addition to the detailed instructions on how any diseases originated, how to treat them, and what the result of the treatment would be. Also, you can recognize the names of any medical plants and diseases, which are named differently in Tibetan and Mongolian languages. For example, dandelion (#<- 3R%- ,); garlic(|RJ- $ .,), Carum buriaticum ($RJ- ~R.,); pomegranate-(?J- :V,), antlers(>- <,) - ; γaniraqu – speechless disease; γalǰaγuraqu – faint disease; ungγasun – wool disease or typhoid disease...ect. The book included not only the method of curing each disease such as killing\removing germs, improving physical activity, reducing swelling, expectorating, laxative, sexually transmitted diseases, infantive stool disease, and diarrhea, but also the instructions for the use of medicine too. Therefore, it is crucial to standardize the terms of diseases and medicines in the translations of Lkhantab by making clear explanations in the future.