bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Study on Deformation and Fracture Evolution of Underground Reservoir Coal Pillar Dam under Different Mining Conditions
Authors: Xuesheng Liu , Shilin Song , Baoyang Wu , Xuebin Li , Kang Yang
Published: March 2022

Coal mine underground reservoir water storage technology is an effective technical way to achieve high efficiency of coal mining and protection of water resources. The stability of coal pillar dam plays a decisive role in the safe and stable operation of underground reservoirs. Mining of adjacent working faces and long-term water erosion are the main influencing factors of stability of coal pillar dam. In this paper, a fluid-solid coupling calculation model for the deformation and evolution of coal pillar dam was established by FLAC3D numerical simulation software and the underground brine reservoir of Lingxin Coal Mine of Shenning group as an engineering background. The paper studied systematically the deformation, failure, and stress evolution of the dam with coal pillars soaked in water for a long time under different working face inclining length, coal pillar width, mining height, and water pressure. The simulation results showed that the degree of deformation and failure of the coal pillar dam continued to increase with the continuous advancement of the working face. The plastic zone of the coal pillar dam was increased by approximately 23.53%, the maximum vertical stress was increased by approximately 95.78%, and the maximum vertical deformation was increased by approximately 68.18%. The influence of each factor on the deformation and failure of overburden strata is quite different. The development range of plastic zone, the maximum vertical stress, and the maximum vertical deformation were increasing with the increased of working face inclined length and mining height. The increasing width of coal pillar would lead to the decrease of maximum vertical stress. The increase of water pressure would lead to the decrease of maximum vertical deformation. It can be seen that the inclined length of the working face is the main factor affecting the deformation and failure of the coal pillar dam. Coal pillar width and mining height are the main factors affecting the development of plastic zone. This study reveals the law of deformation and fracture evolution of coal pillar dam under different mining conditions, which can provide a reference for the design of coal pillar dam of coal mine underground reservoir.
Theoretical and Experimental Study considering the Influence of T-Stress on the Fracture Behavior of Compression-Shear Crack
Authors: Feng Mingyu , Zhou Xiaoguang , Zhang Yanbin , Zhou Peng
Published: March 2022

The influence of the nonsingular stress term (T-stress), existing in the Williams expansion of the crack tip stress field, on the fracture behavior of the compressive-shear crack is comprehensively considered in this paper. According to the stress boundary conditions on the crack surfaces, the theoretical solution of the stress field around the closed crack tip is established using the complex potential theory, which includes not only the singular term containing the stress intensity factor KII but also three nonsingular terms (T-stress: Tx, Ty, and Txy) without KII. Then, the differences between tangential stresses and shear stresses at the crack tip obtained in the cases with and without T-stress are compared, respectively. Outcome indicates that there are tangential tensile stress and compressive stress zones at the crack tip when considering T-stress, while only the former exists when ignoring T-stress. In the case of considering T-stress, an improved crack initiation criterion is proposed, where the maximum tangential tensile stress and maximum shear stress are utilized simultaneously to predict the crack initiation and failure mode under the multiaxial compression stress state. Besides, the triaxial compression tests were carried out on the prismatic rock-like material samples with a central crack, and the effectiveness and validity of the proposed criterion are verified by comparing the experimental results and theoretical predictions. It reveals that the proposed criterion can reliably predict the crack initiation angles and failure modes with higher accuracy than traditional fracture criterion.
2PN: A Unified Panoptic Segmentation Network with Attention Module
Authors: Wang Jianwen , Liu Zhiqin
Published: March 2022

Comprehensive and accurate surveillance of the environment forms the basis of secure Internet of things (IoTs), the threats can be observed, and the AI services of IoT systems can be preserved. Panoptic segmentation is an efficient and popular approach for environmental surveillance based on images captured by smart sensing devices. This approach can jointly detect stuffs and things within an image and feed subsequent tasks like image detection. So far, there are many methods for panoptic segmentation which focus on extracting sophisticated visual features for segmentation. However, these efforts are both heavy on their workload and cannot clearly distinguish essential features useful for surveillance in an open environment. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel deep learning model 2PN for panoptic segmentation. The model includes a 2-way pyramid network and an attention module to learn in a more concentrated and reasonable way which enhances the feature extraction part. It strikes a balance between the computing complexity and the power of model capability. Finally, 2PN (2-way pyramid network) results are reflected on the Cityscapes dataset.
Effect of Rheological Mesoparameters on Shear Mechanical Behavior of Joints
Authors: Zhou Kefeng , Liu Sheng , Cheng Yanhui
Published: March 2022

Under natural conditions, joint failure usually occurs after long-term loading rather than short-term loading. In order to prevent rock mass failure caused by creep behavior, bolt is widely used as a mature and effective reinforcement method. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the rheological effect of bolted joint. In this paper, the particle flow code (PFC) was used to study the effect of mesoparameters on the rheological shear mechanical behavior of joints without bolts and with bolts. The effects of mesoparameters such as Maxwell elastic coefficient

E

m

, Maxwell viscosity coefficient

C

m

, Kelvin elastic coefficient

E

m

, Kelvin viscosity coefficient

C

m

, and friction coefficient

F

s

were analyzed. The results show that

E

m

and

F

s

mainly affect the instantaneous shear displacement, but have little effect on the rheological shear displacement. However,

C

m

,

E

k

, and

C

k

have little effect on the instantaneous shear displacement, and the sensitivity is mainly reflected in the rheological shear displacement.

E

m

and

F

s

mainly affect the instantaneous shear displacement, but have little effect on the rheological shear displacement. However,

C

m

,

E

k

, and

C

k

have little effect on the instantaneous shear displacement, and the sensitivity is mainly reflected in the rheological shear displacement. Compared with the parameter sensitivity characteristics without bolt, the instantaneous shear displacement, shear stiffness, and steady rheological displacement under anchor condition are less affected by parameters, indicating that anchor can reduce the influence of joint parameters.
Plasma Deposition of Gallium Arsenide Nanoclusters on a Silicon Matrix
Authors: Iskakova Kulpash
Published: March 2022

In the plasma state, a polar semiconductor gallium arsenide (GaAs) is deposited on a nonpolar silicon (Si) matrix in the <111> direction. Further qualitative and quantitative analyzes were carried out with the resulting GaAs/Si structure on a plasma‐beam device. We have chosen the optimal characteristics of this pulsed method for the deposition of GaAs from a plasma onto silicon (Si) created by a powerful ion beam. The optimal modes of the effect of temperature, electric field, and interval of pulse action on GaAs/Si quantum‐well heteronanostructures were considered. In the implementation of application of this structure in applied works related to opto‐ and nanoelectronics, active elements of solar cells require defect‐free compositions with ideal geometric parameters. Based on these experiments, the optimal mode of plasma influence on the formation of nanoclusters on the surface of the irradiated sample was chosen. SEM, EDS, and X‐ray diffraction analysis methods were used to determine such parameters as the structure, microhardness, phase and elemental composition of the irradiated Si silicon surface, as well as the penetration depth of GaAs deposited on a single‐crystal matrix. This work presents an experimental implementation of preparation of a gallium arsenide nanolayer and an applied theoretical analysis of the GaAs/Si heteronanostructure. We deposited gallium arsenide compounds from the plasma state on the surface of a silica crystal and studied the resulting structure by physicochemical methods.
Application and Development Prospect of Blockchain in Modern City Governance Information Management System
Authors: Zhao Shajunyi , Zhao Jingfeng
Published: March 2022

The supply chain is an organization alliance formed by the aggregation of many enterprises and based on the information flow to realize the coordinated operation of all links between enterprises. Therefore, enhancing the information synergy between enterprises is a weapon to enhance the overall competitiveness of the supply chain. The introduction of information management technology is the technical support and fundamental guarantee to realize the supply chain information synergy capability. The introduction of blockchain solves the two main problems of traceability and irreversibility of transactions in the supply chain, which can effectively improve the transparency of the supply chain. Transparency, as an important point for all stakeholders in the supply chain, can ensure that product information can be viewed and obtained in a timely manner. The purpose of this article is to analyze the role of blockchain in the modern city governance information management system by observing and analyzing the methods of modern city governance information management system and to understand the application and development prospect of blockchain in the modern city governance information management system. The comparison of the blockchain before and after the implementation of the modern city governance information management system and the research on the application and development of the blockchain in the modern city governance information management system were analyzed. Using the method of this article, through the analysis of experimental data, I learned the role of blockchain in the modern city governance information management system and found that the blockchain plays an important role in the application and development of the modern city governance information management system, with a satisfaction of 60%. Through the combination of theoretical and experimental data, the application and development effect of the blockchain in the modern city governance information management system is analyzed to reach 55%. The research results show that the blockchain is in the application and development of the modern city governance information management system. It plays an important role. The strength of information flow transmission, processing, and analysis capabilities directly affects the smooth flow of transactions and interactions in all links of the supply chain.
Physical Activity and Sleep Improvements in a Group of Equestrian Therapy Volunteers: A Pilot Study
Authors: Garcia-Peña Inés M. , Gómez Andres García , Guerrero-Barona Eloisa , Moreno-Manso Juan M. , Barrios-Fernandez Sabina
Published: March 2022

This study aims to assess whether participation as a supportive volunteer in equestrian therapy (ET) sessions influences participants’ physiological health-related parameters, including physical activity and sleep. Physical activity, measured in steps, and hours of sleep were measured in 10 subjects who participated regularly as volunteers in ET sessions using a triaxial accelerometer which continuously recorded their activity for 30 days. On the one hand, the subjects showed higher physical activity levels on days when they volunteered in ET sessions versus the days they did not. A significant difference and large effect magnitude were found. On the other hand, on the days they attended ET, they slept an average of 30 minutes more, with significant differences and a moderate effect. Thus, participation as a volunteer in ET sessions seems to have a positive influence on physical activity and sleep time, so it should be recommended as an activity to promote healthy habits.
Analysis of Surface Deformation and Settlement Characteristics Caused by Tunnel Excavation and Unloading
Authors: Wang Xinfeng , Li Shan , Wei Youyu , Zhang Yiying
Published: March 2022

Aiming at the problems of surface deformation and unloading settlement caused by urban tunnel construction, the basic characteristics of surface deformation caused by tunnel construction, the main influencing factors of surface deformation and settlement, and the temporal and spatial evolution law of stress field and displacement field of surface deformation and settlement are studied by using the comprehensive methods of evaluation factor analysis, theoretical research, and numerical simulation. The results show that the surrounding rock deformation of the tunnel is mainly concentrated in the arch crown and arch bottom, and the deformation gradually decreases from the center of the tunnel to the periphery. The surrounding rock of arch crown has sudden settlement, large deformation rate and amount, and poor stability of surrounding rock, and is prone to engineering accidents such as block falling and even collapse. The farther away from the tunnel, the smaller the degree of settlement. As the time step of tunnel excavation increases, the influence area of surface deformation and settlement increases gradually. After the tunnel adopts reasonable lining support, it can effectively prevent soil deformation transmission and restrain tunnel instability deformation, so as to prevent surface deformation and settlement by improving the self stability of surrounding rock and taking lining support and other measures.
Based on the Auxiliary Effect of X-Ray in the Treatment of Severe Pneumonia in Children with Arterial and Venous Blood Gas
Authors: Guo Hui , Zhang Hua , Li Fuping
Published: March 2022

Pediatric severe pneumonia clinical is a conceptual term for the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric clinical diseases. At present, domestic and foreign standards for clinical diagnosis of severe pneumonia, which is a childhood disease, are still inconsistent. At present, the first book of the main pediatric medical textbook in the society interprets the clinical definition of severe pneumonia in children as follows: severe pneumonia refers to pulmonary function in heart failure or other comorbidities in other important organs except the lung. This article is based on X-ray medical film and television examinations, through the analysis of arterial and venous blood gas in children with severe pneumonia to play a certain role in adjuvant therapy for children with pneumonia. Prospective clinical studies have found significant changes in the function of auxiliary coagulation and blood fibrinolysis indicators in patients with severe pneumonia in late childhood. The obvious difference between the pretreatment and the late-stage treatment for 1 week and the direct influence on the blood gas quantitative analysis and liver function of advanced patients provide a scientific basis for the diagnosis of typical advanced childhood severe pneumonia patients with adjuvant anticoagulant therapy. The data analysis of the clinical laboratory found that the blood coagulation and fibrinolysis functions of the typical patients with severe pneumonia in the typical late stage of childhood were significantly activated, and the anticoagulant antibody substances were significantly reduced, fibrinolytic coagulation inhibitors and anticoagulants are significantly increased, fibrinolytic activators are significantly reduced, and the body is in a procoagulant state for a long time. Adjuvant anticoagulation therapy through quantitative analysis of blood gas in patients can not only effectively increase the success rate of early treatment of typical late-stage severe pneumonia in children by 64.28% but also significantly reduce the inflammatory coagulation indexes of patients with late-stage severe pneumonia in children. The functions of coagulation, anticoagulation, and coagulation fibrinolysis have been significantly restored. The advantages of X-ray-based adjuvant treatment of severe pneumonia in children with arteriovenous blood gas are good contrast, clear imaging, and clear development of fine lesions or thick parts, and objective records are kept for comparison during review and consultation and discussion. The disadvantage is that the operation is more complicated, and it is not convenient to observe the activity function of the organ.
Research on Pressure Relief Method of Close Floor Roadway in Coal Seam Based on Deformation and Failure Characteristics of Surrounding Rock in Deep Roadway
Authors: Cao Jianjun , Yuan Benqing , Li Siqian , Xu Zunyu , Ren Qihan , Wang Zhonghua
Published: March 2022

To solve the high-stress hazard faced in the process of deep mining process, the pressure relief characteristics of gas bearing coal and the deformation characteristics of surrounding rock in deep roadway are studied by means of laboratory test, similar simulation analysis, and field investigation. The investigation results and engineering application showed that the specimens could more easily reach the failure point due to the axial pressure relief under high confining pressure. In addition, the deformation and failure degree of the surrounding rock was higher due to the disturbance from the deep high-stress roadway. The scope of the height affected by the pressure relief of the overlying strata reached above 10 m. Moreover, the initial gas emission could reach 4.41–14.39 times that of the original coal seam by drilling a hole in the coal seam at 10 m from the roof. Thus, the short-distance floor roadway exerted an obvious pressure relief effect on the overlying coal seam.
Research on the Possibility of Smart Wearable Devices in Ice and Snow Sports Based on Wireless Network
Authors: Liu Zhongle
Published: March 2022

Ice and snow sports are very popular fashion sports in the world. The development of ice and snow sports in China is affected by factors such as climate and natural environment, industrial development, consumption concept, and ice and snow culture. With the advent of the intelligent era, technology has developed rapidly, and the emergence of smart wearable devices has been widely used. The article is based on the recognition of ice and snow movement status, combined with wearable technology, signal processing technology, wireless communication technology, using acceleration sensors, biosensors, bluetooth modules, smartphones, and back-end servers to build a “wearable health monitoring based on recognition of the status of human ice and snow movement system.” Through the daily wear test, on the basis of real-time recognition of the human body motion state, the system issues alarms for dangerous fall actions and abnormal physiological signals in different motion states and can use energy management strategies to save system energy according to the user status, which proves reliability of wearable health monitoring architecture based on human motion state recognition. The paper firstly reviews the related works and literatures of ice and snow sports and smart wearable equipment at home and abroad through literature search and web search and uses questionnaire survey, logic analysis, and interview method to study the development of ice and snow sports. It is feasible to go to the snow and ice. Among them, the proportion of people who think it is expensive is the highest, reaching 65%.
The Importance of Cardiac Troponin Metabolism in the Laboratory Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction (Comprehensive Review)
Authors: Chaulin Aleksey M.
Published: March 2022

The study of the metabolism of endogenous molecules is not only of great fundamental significance but also of high practical importance, since many molecules serve as drug targets and/or biomarkers for laboratory diagnostics of diseases. Thus, cardiac troponin molecules have long been used as the main biomarkers for confirmation of diagnosis of myocardial infarction, and with the introduction of high‐sensitivity test methods, many of our ideas about metabolism of these cardiac markers have changed significantly. In clinical practice, there are opening new promising diagnostic capabilities of cardiac troponins, the understanding and justification of which are closely connected with the fundamental principles of the metabolism of these molecules. Our current knowledge about the metabolism of cardiac troponins is insufficient and extremely disconnected from various literary sources. Thus, many researchers do not sufficiently understand the potential importance of cardiac troponin metabolism in the laboratory diagnosis of myocardial infarction. The purpose of this comprehensive review is to systematize information about the metabolism of cardiac troponins and during the discussion to focus on the potential impact of cTns metabolism on the laboratory diagnosis of myocardial infarction. The format of this comprehensive review includes a sequential consideration and analysis of the stages of the metabolic pathway, starting from possible release mechanisms and ending with elimination mechanisms. This will allow doctors and researchers to understand the significant importance of cTns metabolism and its impact on the laboratory diagnosis of myocardial infarction.
Behavior Dissection of NGWN Live Audio and Video Streaming Users with Enhanced and Efficient Modelling
Authors: Ali Asia , Ullah Ihsan , Ahmed Atiq , Noor Waheed , Sajid Ahthasham , Khan Inam Ullah
Published: March 2022

Peer-to-peer (P2P) live video streaming is an application-level approach providing ease of deployment with low cost as compared to the IP multicast and client/server (C/S) architecture. These systems solely rely on end-hosts to disseminate the content; therefore, their performance largely banks on end-hosts, called peers. Since peers themselves are controlled by users, users’ activities become activities of peers. In such a network, the highly dynamic behavior of users impacts the network performance. Therefore, for performance improvement, a thorough understanding of user behavior is crucial. To explore and understand user behavior, numerous studies have been carried out. However, user behavior is complex, having several elements with dependency relationships, which make it difficult for a single measurement study to represent it comprehensively. Therefore, this work takes a two-step approach. Firstly, it collects existing measurement studies and analyzes, compares, and contrasts them to extract user behavior metrics and their relationships from them. Secondly, in light of the observations gained, this research analyzes traces of user behavior collected from an operational system. Such an outcome is useful, on one hand, for user behavior modelling towards performance improvement in NGWN, and on the other hand, it provides insights for further measurements and analysis.
An Experimental Study on the Lateral Stress of Composite Steel Wall Structure by Using Self‐Compacting Concrete
Authors: Wu Wei , Li Xiaozhao , Kadaei Samireh
Published: March 2022

Composite steel wall structures with concrete have been broadly applied in engineering, and self‐compacting concrete with high fluidity is usually employed for the concrete placement of complex structures. Testing mock‐up was established to monitor strain and displacement changes of the external steel plate while pouring concrete. The survey data show that the lateral stress was first shifted from rapid growth to slow decay and then get stabilized, which can be referenced to the design and construction of the composite structure module.
On the Dynamic Mechanical Behaviors of a Fault Unwelded Bimrock Exposed to Freeze-Thaw-Fatigue Loads: A Lab-Scale Testing
Authors: Wang Yu , Wang Hongjian , Tao Sun , Yi Xuefeng
Published: March 2022

This work is aimed at investigating the mechanical behaviors of a fault unwelded bimrock subjected to coupled freeze-thaw (FT) and fatigue loads. The influence of FT cycle on rock strength, deformation, damage evolution, and failure morphology was detailed investigated. The testing results show that the soil-rock interface is sensitive to freeze-thaw condition. Interface damage and cracking contribute a lot to sample strength, volumetric deformation, and damage evolution. In addition, a sudden increase of stress amplitude results in the increase of damage, afterwards, the coupling degree of bimrock improves with the increase of loading cycles. A coupling freeze-thaw and mechanical damage evolution model was proposed using the damage index defined by ultrasonic velocity and axial strain. It is found that the evolution trend of the model is strongly related to the previous freeze-thaw damage. Moreover, failure mode of bimrock changes from shear failure to bulging failure with increasing FT cycles. The failure process of bimrock is the rearrangement of the fine soil particles and rock blocks, the soil matrix and rock block bear axial cyclic loads by their interactions.
Application on the Luminescence Characteristics of Nanoaluminate Rare Earth Long‐Lasting Luminescent Composite Materials in the Field of Ethnic Clothing
Authors: Huang Jiaxi , Gao Zhimin
Published: March 2022

In the changing process of garment development, nanoaluminate rare earth material has unique advantages as a new garment material, such as easier preservation and brighter color, changing the visual beauty of traditional clothing. In order to in‐depth study the role of nanoaluminate rare earth long afterglow luminescent composite materials applied to ethnic costumes, this article uses material preparation methods, numerical analysis adjustment methods, and equipment parameter introduction methods to analyze nanoaluminate rare earths and simplify them and create a luminous composite material that can be used in the field of ethnic minority clothing. To study the luminescence characteristics of the composite material, CXHP samples with different doping concentrations of Cr ions were irradiated with an ultraviolet lamp with a center wavelength of 225 nm for 4.5 minutes, and after 12 minutes attenuation, the afterglow emission spectrum was studied. The results show that the sample has near‐infrared afterglow emission ranging from 645 nm to 740 nm, and the two emission peaks are located at 680 nm and 700 nm, respectively. The performance of its application on clothing was studied again. The water consumption in the experiment was 1500 ml, and the grams of composite material added for the three times were 0.6 g, 1.2 g, and 1.8 g, respectively. The hanging dyeing method was adopted during the experiment. Through experiments, it can be obtained that when the composite material is 1.8 grams, the visual effect is more similar to the hue, brightness, purity, and other aspects of the clothing. This way, when combined with the composite material for secondary design, a better visual effect will be achieved. From the practical application level, it has been verified that composite materials can be used in ethnic costumes.
Load Identification Method Based on ISMA-GRNN
Authors: Yang Pengfei , Sun Xianbo , Zhu Li , Wu Yuhan , Dai Baofu
Published: March 2022

The noninvasive load monitoring method carries out load identification after event detection and feature extraction of load data. At present, nonload intrusive load monitoring faces the problems of low load identification accuracy and long load identification time. In order to solve these problems, a load identification method based on the improved slime mould algorithm-generalized regression neural network (ISMA-GRNN) is proposed. Firstly, by adding mutation operation in slime mould algorithm (SMA) position update, the global optimization ability of SMA is improved. Then, the improved slime mould algorithm (ISMA) is used to optimize the smoothing factor of GRNN and find the best smoothing factor. Finally, the best smoothing factor is input into GRNN for load identification, and the load identification results are output. To measure the effect of load identification, load identification precision, load identification accuracy, and load identification time are used as evaluation indicators. The simulation results show that compared with HHO-GRNN and WOA-GRNN, the load identification time of SMA-GRNN is greatly shortened, but the results are not satisfactory. On the basis of SMA-GRNN, ISMA-GRNN has significantly improved the accuracy and precision of load identification. In conclusion, ISMA-GRNN can better adapt to the load identification of multiple electrical equipment scenes.
Qi Sui Zhu Shui Plaster Inhibits AQP1 and MAPK Signaling Reduces Liver Damage Induced by Cirrhotic Ascites
Authors: Zhang Rong Zhen , Liu Yin , Li Min , Huang Yong Lin , Song Zhen Heng
Published: March 2022

Objective. At present, there is no special treatment for cirrhotic ascites in modern medicine. Qi Sui Zhu Shui plaster (QSZSP) has been used in ascites. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of action of QSZSP in the treatment of cirrhotic ascites and its relationship with aquaporin 1 (AQP1). Methods. Twenty-four rats were divided into four groups, six rats in each group. Carbon tetrachloride-olive oil is injected into modeling. The control and model groups are treated with blank gel plaster (2 cm × 2 cm), QSZSP low-dose group is treated with Qi Sui Zhu Shui plaster (1 cm × 1 cm), and QSZSP high-dose group is treated with Qi Sui Zhu Shui plaster (2 cm × 2 cm). The changes in body weight and abdominal circumference were measured, the histopathological changes in liver, kidney, and peritoneum were observed in HE staining, the biochemical indexes related to liver function were detected, and the changes in AQP1 expression and the activation of MAPK pathway in the liver, kidney, and peritoneal tissues were evaluated in IHC staining and Western blot. Results. After one week of injection of carbon tetrachloride-olive oil, the rats in the model group increased their body weight slowly, the abdominal circumference of the model rats continued to increase with time. After 16 weeks of construction of the cirrhotic ascites model, the liver, kidney, and peritoneum were significantly damaged, and the serum levels of TBiL, AST, ALT, Cr, BUN, K, Na, and Ca in the rats were significantly higher

P
<
0.001

and ALB levels were significantly lower

P
<
0.001

than those in the control group. After 4 weeks of treatment, the liver, kidney, and peritoneal injury were improved. TBiL, AST, ALT, Cr, BUN, K, Na, and Ca levels were significantly lower

P
<
0.001

and ALB levels were significantly higher

P
<
0.001

than those in the model group. The protein expression of AQP1, p-ERK, p-JNK, and p-p38 was found to be inhibited in the liver, kidney, and peritoneum. Conclusion. QSZSP inhibits the protein expression of AQP1 and MAPK signaling pathway in the liver, peritoneum, and kidney to alleviate liver, kidney, and peritoneal injury caused by cirrhotic ascites, thus reducing the abnormal growth of abdominal circumference.
Tracer Study of Teacher Education Graduates of Western Philippines University - Puerto Princesa Campus: Basis for Curriculum Review and Revision
Authors: Pentang Jupeth Toriano , Perez David R. , Cuanan Katherine H. , Recla Mailyn B. , Dacanay Romelyn T. , Bober Rastanura M. , Dela Cruz Cheche E. , Egger Susana P. , Herrera Ruth L. , Illescas Carolyn M. , Salmo Josephine M. , Bucad, Jr., Manuel L. , Agasa Joann V. , Abaca Nur-aina A.
Published: March 2022

Graduates' employability indicates the excellent education and relevant preparation they obtained from their respective degrees. Tracer studies have enabled higher education institutions to profile their graduates while also reflecting on the quality of education they provide. With the foregoing, a tracer study determined the demographic and academic profile of teacher education graduates from 2017 to 2020 in a state university in the West Philippines. It also ascertained the advanced studies they attended after college, their employment data, the relevance of college preparation with their current employment, difficulties they encountered while securing employment and in their present job, and recommendations to strengthen the teacher education program. The study utilized a descriptive survey research design with 80 non-random samples chosen based on availability. The survey was based on the Philippine Commission on Higher Education with modifications elucidated from previous studies. Results showed that graduates took the teacher education program with a strong passion for the teaching profession. More graduates received honors and awards, passed the licensure examinations for teachers, attended advanced studies for professional development, and are employable. Besides, the graduates’ college preparation is relevant to their current employment. Further, difficulties and problems encountered and recommendations to strengthen the teacher education program were noted. These findings may serve as a baseline for curriculum review and give suggestions for future tracer studies.
Depressive Language on a Virtual Common: A Critical Discourse Analysis
Authors: Aperocho Maico Demi , Tarusan Mary Ann E.
Published: March 2022

Language use is important in a community such as composed of people living with mental health conditions. The researcher aimed to understand depressive language more deeply by looking at the linguistic features, unravelling the process of language consumption as evidenced in the language experiences of depressed people, and determining the dominant ideological representations. Using the 3-Dimensional Framework of Critical Discourse Analysis, the researcher made a thorough investigation on depressive language on Facebook. In the textual analysis, it was revealed that depressive language contains certain linguistic features such as lexical items belonging to different categories, use of self-references, presence of positive and emotions words, and occurrence of words related to status, dominance, and social hierarchy. In the interview with seven depressed people, language experiences include the use of language for various purposes such as for expressing, fighting stigma, getting help, and educating other people. The participants also shared that language could be a reason for triggers and stigma. Based on the linguistic features and the language experiences, it was also found out that certain ideologies are dominant in depressive language such as the existence of stigma in society, death as an escape from pain, inevitability of sadness, and continuous seeking of help and attention. This study is deemed important in advancing more studies in the Philippine context focusing on mental health and language use.
Association of Brain Volumes and White Matter Injury With Race, Ethnicity, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: The Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
Authors: Austin Thomas R. , Nasrallah Ilya M. , Erus Guray , Desiderio Lisa M. , Chen Lin Y. , Greenland Philip , Harding Barbara N. , Hughes Timothy M. , Jensen Paul N. , Longstreth WT , Post Wendy S. , Shea Steven J. , Sitlani Colleen M. , Davatzikos Christos , Habes Mohamad , Nick Bryan R. , Heckbert Susan R.
Published: March 2022

Background

Cardiovascular risk factors are associated with cognitive decline and dementia. Magnetic resonance imaging provides sensitive measurement of brain morphology and vascular brain injury. However, associations of risk factors with brain magnetic resonance imaging findings have largely been studied in White participants. We investigated associations of race, ethnicity, and cardiovascular risk factors with brain morphology and white matter (WM) injury in a diverse population.

Methods and Results

In the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, measures were made in 2018 to 2019 of total brain volume, gray matter and WM volume, and WM injury, including WM hyperintensity volume and WM fractional anisotropy. We assessed cross‐sectional associations of race and ethnicity and of cardiovascular risk factors with magnetic resonance imaging measures. Magnetic resonance imaging data were complete in 1036 participants; 25% Black, 15% Chinese‐American, 19% Hispanic, and 41% White. Mean (SD) age was 72 (8) years and 53% were women. Although WM injury was greater in Black than in White participants in a minimally adjusted model, additional adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors and socioeconomic status each attenuated this association, rendering it nonsignificant. Overall, greater average WM hyperintensity volume was associated with older age and current smoking (69% greater vs never smoking); lower fractional anisotropy was additionally associated with higher diastolic blood pressure, use of antihypertensive medication, and diabetes.

Conclusions

We found no statistically significant difference in measures of WM injury by race and ethnicity after adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors and socioeconomic status. In all racial and ethnic groups, older age, current smoking, hypertension, and diabetes were strongly associated with WM injury.
Maintenance of Western North Pacific Anomalous Anticyclone in Boreal Summer by Wind-Induced Moist Enthalpy Advection Mechanism
Authors: Wang Yiming , Wu Bo , Zhou Tianjun
Published: March 2022

The western North Pacific anomalous anticyclone (WNPAC) is the most important interannual circulation anomaly over the western Pacific warm pool. It can persist from boreal winter to the following summer and has great impacts on the East Asian monsoon. The maintenance of the WNPAC in boreal summer was explained by Ekman divergence anomalies over the western North Pacific (WNP) induced by the equatorial easterly Kelvin waves from the tropical Indian Ocean and the Maritime Continent. In this study, we propose a new mechanism for the maintenance of the WNPAC in the season, which we refer to as the “wind-induced moist enthalpy advection” (WIMEA) mechanism. Warm anomalies over the tropical Indian Ocean enhance local deep convection and thus excite atmospheric easterly Kelvin waves to the east. Climatological moist enthalpy decreases eastward over the WNP due to the local northward extension of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) with the establishment of the WNP summer monsoon. Hence, the easterly anomalies transport low moist enthalpy (dry) air westward to the WNP. The induced negative moist enthalpy advection anomalies drive downward motion anomalies and thus suppress deep convection over the WNP under the constraint of the moist static energy budget balance. This moist teleconnection mechanism does not rely on Ekman processes. Numerical experiments using a dry linear baroclinic model indicate that the WIMEA and the conventional Kelvin wave–induced Ekman divergence mechanism have nearly equal relative contributions to the maintenance of the summer WNPAC, with the former mainly driven by the enhanced convection over the tropical Indian Ocean, while the latter is driven by that over the Maritime Continent.
Management of pancreatic walled-off necrosis using an ultrasonic pneumatic lithotripsy system and double-catheter aspirated lavage performed through drainage tract: a case report
Authors: Lu Bei , Yin Junjie , Wang Jingrui , Cai Yang , Xu Xiao
Published: March 2022

Patients with pancreatic walled-off necrosis (WON) treated by minimally invasive approaches often require repeated necrosectomy instead of conventional open necrosectomy. A 55-year-old woman with lateral infected pancreatic WON was successfully treated by an infrequently used technique involving an ultrasonic pneumatic lithotripsy system (UPLS) and double-catheter aspirated lavage through a percutaneous drainage tract. No perioperative complications occurred. The mean operating time of the repeated procedures was 35 minutes (range, 25–48 minutes). The total hospitalization stay was 46 days, and no recurrence of the fluid collection was observed during the 15-month follow-up period. UPLS-assisted necrosectomy and double-catheter aspirated lavage is an alternative technique for lateral WON that fails to improve by percutaneous drainage. It efficiently combines disintegration and aspiration procedures and can be safely repeated under total intravenous anesthesia through sinus tracts.
KCC2 receptor upregulation potentiates antinociceptive effect of GABAAR agonist on remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia
Authors: Gao Yuan , Zhan Wenqiang , Jin Yushi , Chen Xiaodan , Cai Jinxia , Zhou Xiaotian , Huang Xinyi , Zhao Qimin , Wang Weijian , Sun Jiehao
Published: March 2022

GABAergic system disinhibition played an important role in the pathogenesis of remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia (RIH). K+-Cl--cotransporter-2 (KCC2) has the potential to enhance the strength of GABAergic signaling function. However, few reports have focused on the additive analgesic effect of KCC2 enhancer and GABAA receptor agonist on the spinal dorsal horn. Therefore, we evaluated the role of GABA type A receptor (GABAAR) agonist (muscimol), KCC2 enhancer (CLP257) in remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia, as well as GABA and KCC2 receptors responses in the dorsal spinal horn. Remifentanil started to reduce paw withdrawal mechanical thresholds at postoperative 4 h and lasted to 72 h. The RIH associated decreases in spinal GABA release was transient. The amount of spinal GABA transmitter by microdialysis was observed to be decreased at the beginning and reached bottom at 150 min, then returned to the baseline level at 330 min. The synthesis and transportation of GABA transmitter were inhibited, characterized as spinal GAD67 and GAT1 downregulation after the establishment of RIH model. The effect of RIH on GABA receptor downregulation was linked to the reduced expression of spinal KCC2 receptor. This decrease in KCC2 expression has coincided with an early loss of GABA inhibition. KCC2 enhancer, which is reported to lead to a reduction in intracellular Cl−, can enhance GABA-mediated inhibitory function. Both muscimol and CLP257 could dose-dependently inhibit mechanical hypersensitivity caused by remifentanil-induced downregulation of GABAAα2R and KCC2, respectively. Compared with muscimol acting alone, the joint action of CLP257 and muscimol showed a higher pain threshold and less c-fos expression via upregulation of KCC2 and GABAAα2R. Taken together, these findings suggested that the RIH was initiated by decreased GABA release. Downregulation of GABAAα2R and KCC2 receptor contributed to spinally mediated hyperalgesia in RIH. KCC2 enhancer was proved to potentiate antinociceptive effect of GABAAR agonist in RIH.
“Patients would probably be more compliant to therapy if encouraged by those around them”: a qualitative study exploring primary care physicians’ perceptions on barriers to CVD risk management
Authors: Kumar Nikansha , Mohammadnezhad Masoud
Published: March 2022

Background

Public health prevention strategies have been developed to overcome the disease burden. Despite all the available resources, there have been several challenges in keeping up with the practices in Cardiovascular Diseases (CVD) risk management. The aim of this study is to explore Primary Care Physicians’ (PCP) perceptions on barriers to CVD risk management and strategies to overcome these barriers in Suva, Fiji.

Methods

This is a qualitative study conducted in the Suva Medical area among 7 health centers from August 1st to September 30th, 2021. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants who provided in-depth and detailed information. From those physicians who worked in the Suva medical area as Primary Health Care (PHC) physicians, those who had at least 6 months experience and those who had some Special Outpatients Department (SOPD) exposure, in-depth interview was conducted using semi-structured questionnaire over the telephone and recorded in a mobile app. The interview content was then transcribed and thematic analysis was done.

Results

This study included 25 PHC physicians. From the thematic analysis, 2 major themes were developed including perceived barriers to CVD risk management and some of the strategies to overcome these barriers. Some of the barriers identified include patient factors such as non-compliance, physician factors such as time-constraints and lack of training, and health system factors such as poor medical records system and lack of basic resource. The strategic support systems include patient expectations, physician’s encouragement, utilization of resources, laws and legislations and continuing evidence-based medicine.

Conclusions

Physicians’ perceptions on the barriers and the strategies to overcome those barriers in CVD risk management plays an important role. The barriers include those of physician factors, patient factors and the health system as a whole. It is suggested to encourage shared-decision making in CVD management, enhance physician support and reinforce policies and research to bring about positive change and improvements in the quality of care.
Incidence of lower respiratory tract infection and associated viruses in a birth cohort in the Philippines
Authors: Otani Kanako , Saito Mayuko , Okamoto Michiko , Tamaki Raita , Saito-Obata Mariko , Kamigaki Taro , Lirio Irene C. , Segubre-Mercado Edelwisa , Tallo Veronica , Lupisan Socorro , Oshitani Hitoshi
Published: March 2022

Background

Lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in infants and young children. However, the etiological role of viruses and the timing of developing LRTI are not well defined.

Methods

We analyzed the data of a prospective cohort study in the Philippines as a birth cohort. We detected LRTI among children who visited healthcare facilities with respiratory symptom, and collected nasopharyngeal swabs for virus detection. We analyzed the incidence rates (IRs) and cumulative proportion of LRTI and severe LRTI by age group and each virus detected.

Results

A total of 350 LRTI episodes were observed from 473 child-years yielded from 419 children. The IRs of LRTI were 70.8, 70.7, and 80.8 per 100 child-years for 0–5, 6–11, and 12–23 months of age, respectively. By 12 months of age, 45% of children developed LRTI at least once. Rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus were the most frequently detected viruses in all age groups. However, the IRs of influenza virus were low especially at 0–5 months of age.

Conclusions

We identified various patterns of age-specific IRs of LRTI and severe LRTI for different viruses, which should be considered to establish more effective interventions including vaccinations.