bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
In Silico Characterization of Lycopene Beta Cyclase (LCYB) and Lycopene Epsilon Cyclase (LCYE) Genes from DH-Pahang (Musa acuminata, A Genome) and DH-PKW (Musa balbisiana, B Genome)
Authors:   School of Life Sciences and Technology , Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia., Wiprayoga I , Meitha Karlia ,   School of Life Sciences and Technology , Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia., Dwivany Fenny ,   School of Life Sciences and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
Published: March 2023

Alpha (α) and beta (β)-carotene are among the nutritious contents of bananas, with the unique feature of a high ratio of α-/β-carotene. Research on the gene and protein of the key enzymes determining the ratio of α-/β-carotene in bananas, namely lycopene beta cyclase (LCYB) and lycopene epsilon cyclase (LCYE), is currently not well defined. Hence, this study aimed to compare the characters of the LCYB and LCYE genes and their putative proteins from Musa acuminata 'DH-Pahang' and Musa balbisiana 'DH-PKW'. The corresponding nucleotide sequences from both species were aligned to detect similarities in the gene structure. Their protein products were characterized at the primary and tertiary levels. The phylogenetic tree was constructed based on nucleotide and protein sequences. The result showed that the gene structure between these two species is similar in LCYB in chromosome 9 but different in LCYB in chromosome 7 and LCYE. The presence of cis-acting regulatory elements in response to light dominated the 2000 nucleotide region of the 5'UTR of LCYB and LCYE genes in both species. Based on protein alignment and domain analysis, the NADB_Rossmann superfamily domain was detected in both LCYB and LCYE. Alignment of the three-dimensional protein structure showed a significant difference between MaLCYB.c07 and MbLCYB.c07 only. The phylogenetic tree based on protein sequences indicated the distant relationship of MaLCYB.c07 and MbLCYB.c07 with other LCYB ingroup OTUs. The results of this study could provide a molecular basis related to the exploration of bananas as a promising functional food to meet the needs of provitamin A.
Antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, and nutrient composition of Chayote shoot (Sechium edule, Jacq. Swartz) from Kundasang, Sabah
Authors:   Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia, Shariff Amir , Hainusa Nurrelyssa ,   Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia, Huda Nurul ,   Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Zakaria Mona ,   Centre for Language and Pre-University Academic Development, International Islamic University (UIAM), Kuantan Campus, 25200, Pahang, Malaysia, Ullah Saeed ,   Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia., Huyop Fahrul ,   Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia., Wahab Roswanira ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Skudai, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Published: March 2023

The chayote (Sechium edule) plant is believed to have significant nutritional importance due to its medicinal functions. It has been widely cultivated in Kundasang, Sabah for vegetable consumption. This study was carried out to determine the health benefits of this vegetable, especially the upper 3-foot of the shoot portion, in terms of antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and nutrient composition. It was divided equally into three parts, each a foot long and classified as: upper tier, middle tier and lower tier and amongst them, which tier gives rise to the best health benefits or will the traditional consumption of the whole 3-foot shoot be better for overall health well-being. DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) and Folin Ciocalteu test were used to determine antioxidant activity and Total Phenolic Content (TPC), respectively. The results showed that the upper tier of shoot parts had the highest value for antioxidant activity, with the lowest of IC50 value (245.12 ± 9.24 μg/ml). The lower part of the plant also shows the highest value for TPC with a value of 355.66 ± 5.84 mg/g GAE. Minerals, Ca, Mg, P, Mo, Fe and Al were the highest value in the middle tier portion. The proximate analyses showed that the upper tier of the shoot has the highest fat, crude protein, and carbohydrate contents. Crude ash has the highest value in the middle tier part. On the other hand, the moisture content and the crude fiber were high at the lower tier of the shoot portion. The upper tier of the shoot is recommended to be consumed for health benefits because it is high in antioxidant activity and proximate content and also rich in minerals. However, the traditional practice is to consume the whole 3-foot long of this vegetable is very welcome
Antioxidant Activity of Andrographolide from Andrographis paniculataleaf and Its Extraction Optimization by using Accelerated Solvent Extraction
Authors:   Department of Bioprocess & Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical & Energy Engineering, Faculty of En-gineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Malaysia, Adam Rabe'ah , Ramli Faiqah ,   Department of Bioprocess & Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical & Energy Engineering, Faculty of En-gineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Malaysia, Hamid Mariani ,   Department of Bioprocess & Polymer Engineering, School of Chemical & Energy Engineering, Faculty of En-gineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Malaysia, Wahab Roswanira ,   Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Johor Bahru, Malaysia
Published: March 2023

Andrographis paniculata is widely used as a medicinal plant in many countries and andrographolide is the major bioactive compound extracted from A. paniculata leaf. This study purposely to optimize statistical andrographolide extraction using the accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) technique. The Box Behnken design (BBD) was chosen to determine the optimum ASE conditions for the extraction temperature (ºC), cycle number, and extraction time (min) to achieve the highest yield of andrographolide. The optimum ASE conditions were identified as: extraction temperature of 60 ºC, using 3 cycles and 5 min extraction time, with maximum conversion yield as high as 335.2 ± 0.2 mg/g determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with the squared correlation coefficients (R2) of 0.97. The findings revealed the ASE method significantly enhanced andrographolide extraction and agreed closely with the predicted value at 337.5 mg/g. Andrographolide was isolated by preparative HPLC technique. A. paniculata leaf extract and extracted andrographolide displayed moderate radical scavenging activity in 2, 2−Diphenyl−1−picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) assay with IC50 of 0.883 ± 1.597 mg/ml and 0.514 ± 0.285 mg/ml respectively as IC50 for ascorbic acid was 0.048 ± 0.004 mg/ml. A. paniculata extract and andrographolide inhibited the tyrosinase enzyme with IC50 of 0.749 ± 0.293 μg/ml and IC50 of 2.441 ± 2.026 μg/ml indicated stronger tyrosinase inhibition abilities than kojic acid, IC50 of 19.985 ± 0.557 μg/ml. These results suggest that A. paniculata leaf extract and andrographolide have greater potential as sources of biochemical compounds that can be used as skin depigmentation solutions.
A Review on the Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Properties of Xanthones from Cratoxylum cochinchinense
Authors:   Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology, Jalan Genting Kelang, Setapak53300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Lee Su , Mojulat Monjia ,   Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Jalan UMS, Universiti Malay-sia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu88400, Sabah, Malaysia, Thangaperagasam Grace ,   Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology, Jalan Genting Kelang, Setapak53300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Surugau Noumie ,   Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Jalan UMS, Universiti Malay-sia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu88400, Sabah, Malaysia, Tan Sheri ,   Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology, Jalan Genting Kelang, Setapak53300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Jhon Oliver ,   Department of Industrial Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Jalan UMS, Universiti Malay-sia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu88400, Sabah, Malaysia
Published: March 2023

Cratoxylum cochinchinenseis a perennial plant found in Southeast Asia, having di-verse terminologies in various Southeast Asian countries. It has been traditionally used as medicine, tea and food spice until today. Its phytochemical analysis reveals a rich array of bioactive compounds in different parts of the plant, specifically xan-thones, which are scientifically determined to be the most abundant secondary me-tabolites in C. cochinchinense. Xanthones do possess numerous beneficial properties and are actively researched to unlock its vast potential. It could be synthesized both biologically and synthetically, where the latter method is gaining much interest among researchers to improve its biological properties. Due to limited compiled re-sources on the biological benefits of xanthones from C. cochinchinense, this paper aims to review theircytotoxic properties specifically towards cancer cells, as well as their antimalarial and antibacterial effects in order to further support the medicinal use of this plan
Docetaxel as a Model Compound to Promote HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) Biogenesis and Reduce Atherosclerosis
Authors: Choi Hong Y. , Iatan Iulia , Ruel Isabelle , Brown Leslie , Hales Lindsay , Choi Shiwon , Genest Jacques
Published: March 2023

The recent identification of the cell-surface protein DSC1 (desmocollin 1) as a negative regulator of HDL (high-density lipoprotein) biogenesis has attracted us to revisit the old HDL biogenesis hypothesis: HDL biogenesis reduces atherosclerosis. The location and function of DSC1 suggest that DSC1 is a druggable target for the promotion of HDL biogenesis, and the discovery of docetaxel as a potent inhibitor of the DSC1 sequestration of apolipoprotein A-I has provided us with new opportunities to test this hypothesis. The FDA-approved chemotherapy drug docetaxel promotes HDL biogenesis at low-nanomolar concentrations that are far lower than used in chemotherapy. Docetaxel has also been shown to inhibit atherogenic proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. In accordance with these atheroprotective effects of docetaxel, animal studies have shown that docetaxel reduces dyslipidemia-induced atherosclerosis. In the absence of HDL-directed therapies for atherosclerosis, DSC1 constitutes an important new target for the promotion of HDL biogenesis, and the DSC1-targeting compound docetaxel serves as a model compound to prove the hypothesis. In this brief review, we discuss opportunities, challenges, and future directions for using docetaxel in the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.
Comparing Severely Injured Trauma Patients Admitted to Investor-Owned versus Public and Not-For-Profit Hospitals Reveals Opportunities for Improvement in the US
Authors: Hernandez Jennifer , Spector Chelsea L. , Quintero Luis A. , Shatawi Zaineb , Rosenthal Andrew , Curcio Gary , Buicko Jessica L. , Parreco Joshua P.
Published: March 2023

Background

Non-elderly trauma patients represent the largest portion of preventable years of life loss in the US. The purpose of this study was to compare outcomes in patients admitted to investor-owned vs public and not-for-profit hospitals across the US.

Material and Methods

The Nationwide Readmissions Database 2018 was queried for trauma patients with an Injury Severity Score greater than 15 and age 18-65 years. The primary outcome was mortality; secondary outcomes were prolonged length of stay (LOS) greater than 30 days, readmission within 30 days, and readmission to a different hospital. Patients admitted to investor-owned hospitals were compared to public and not-for-profit hospitals. Univariable analysis was performed using chi-squared tests. Multivariable logistic regression was performed for each outcome.

Results

157 945 patients were included with 11.0% (n = 17 346) admitted to investor-owned hospitals. The overall mortality rate and prolonged LOS were similar for both groups. The overall readmission rate was 9.2% (n = 13 895), with the rate in investor-owned hospitals at 10.5% (n = 1,739, P < .001). Multivariable logistic regression revealed investor-owned hospitals had an increased risk of readmission (OR 1.2 [1.1-1.3] P < .001) and readmission to a different hospital (OR 1.3 [1.2-1.5] P < .001).

Discussion

Severely injured trauma patients have similar rates of mortality and prolonged length of stay in investor-owned vs public and not-for-profit hospitals. However, patients admitted to investor-owned hospitals have an increased risk of readmission and readmission to different hospitals. Efforts to improve outcomes after trauma must consider hospital ownership and readmission to different hospitals.
Emergency General Surgery Procedures in Older Adults: Where You Live Matters!
Authors: Dhillon Navpreet K. , Kufera Joseph , Ghneim Mira
Published: March 2023

Background

Neighborhood location and its built environment are important social determinants of health that impact health outcomes. Older adults (OAs) represent the fastest growing population in the United States with many requiring emergency general surgery procedures (EGSPs). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether neighborhood location, represented by zip code, influences mortality and disposition in OAs undergoing EGSPs in Maryland.

Methods

A retrospective review was undertaken of hospital encounters in the Maryland Health Services Cost Review Commission from 2014 to 2018 of OAs undergoing EGSPs. Older adults residing in the 50 most affluent (MANs) and 50 least affluent (LANs) neighborhoods based on zip codes were compared. Data collected included demographics, all patient-refined (APR)-severity of illness (SOI), APR-risk of mortality (ROM), Charlson Comorbidity Index, complications, mortality, and discharge to a higher level of care.

Results

Of the 8661 OAs analyzed, 2362 (27.3%) resided in MANs and 6299 (72.7%) in LANs. Older adults in LANs were more likely to undergo EGSPs, had higher APR-SOI and APR-ROM, and experienced more complications, discharge to higher level of care, and mortality. Living in LANs was independently associated with discharge to higher level of care (OR 1.56, 95% CI: 1.38-1.77, P < .001) and increased mortality (OR 1.35, 95% CI: 1.07-1.71, P = .01).

Discussion

Mortality and quality of life in OAs undergoing EGSPs are dependent on environmental factors likely determined by neighborhood location. These factors need to be defined and incorporated in predictive models of outcomes. Public health opportunities to improve outcomes for those who are socially disadvantaged are necessary.
The efficacy of online parenting interventions in addressing emotional problems in children and adolescents: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: David Oana A , Fodor Liviu A , Dascăl Marina D , Miron Ionela S
Published: March 2023

Background:

Parenting interventions offer opportunities for reducing emotional problems in children and adolescents, based on addressing parental risk and protective factors. Online parenting interventions were developed more recently to increase access to interventions for parents, and the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate their efficacy.

Methods:

We conducted a meta-analysis pooling studies that tested online parenting interventions having as outcome emotional problems in children/adolescents. We considered as secondary outcome parent mental health and moderation effects for the type of population, intervention characteristics, and risk of bias.

Results:

Thirty-one studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. For child/adolescent emotional problems, at post-intervention, 13 studies were pooled, yielding an ES of g = −0.26 (95% CI [−0.41, −0.11]; p < .001) favoring the online parental interventions over wait-list, while at follow-up five RCTs were pooled, yielding an ES of g = −0.14 (95% CI [−0.25, –0.02]; p = .015) favoring the parental online interventions over wait-list. Moderation analyses suggest that longer online parenting programs are more effective in improving child emotional problems.

Conclusions:

Online parent programs have positive effects on reducing emotional symptoms in children and adolescents. Future research will need to develop and investigate the efficacy of the programs that can personalize their contents and delivery methods.
Portuguese Physical Literacy Assessment Questionnaire (PPLA-Q) for Adolescents: Validity and Reliability of the Psychological and Social Modules using Mokken Scale Analysis
Authors: Mota João , Martins João , Onofre Marcos
Published: March 2023

We examined the construct validity and reliability of the previously developed Psychological and Social modules of the Portuguese Physical Literacy Assessment Questionnaire (PPLA-Q) using Mokken Scale Analysis in a sample of 508 Portuguese adolescents in public schools in Lisbon. We used a retest subsample ( n = 73) to calculate the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient. Eight PPLA-Q scales can be interpreted as moderate-to-strong Mokken scales (H = .47–.66) with good total-score reliability (ρ = .83–.94), and moderate-to-excellent test-retest reliability (ICC95%CI = .51–.95); four scales had an interpretable invariant item ordering. All but the Physical Regulation scale functioned similarly across sex. Scale-scores correlated as expected, with low-to-moderate correlations across domains supporting convergent and discriminant validity. These results support the construct validity and reliability of the PPLA-Q to assess the psychological and social domains of physical literacy in Portuguese adolescents (15–18 years) enrolled in physical education.
A Meta-Study of Publication Characteristics of the Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin: 2000 to 2019
Authors: Meagher Brigid A. , Miller Madison K. , Chang Catherine Y. , Erford Bradley T.
Published: March 2023

Articles published in the Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin ( RCB) from 2000 to 2019 were analyzed for trends in author characteristics (e.g., gender, work setting, country of domicile, leading contributors) and article content (e.g., research methodology, participants, research design, statistics used, reports of effect size). Fong Chan was the leading contributor scholar and the University of Memphis was the leading institutional contributor. Among other key results, greater author collaboration was noted, and international lead authorship increased significantly to nearly 14%. Research-based articles are being published at a counseling discipline-leading rate of 96%, and almost all research article variables were relatively stable over the 20 years assessed.
Fortune Favors the Bold: Introduction to the Special Series of the Vocational Rehabilitation Technical Assistance Center for Quality Employment
Authors: Tansey Timothy N. , Anderson Catherine A. , Strauser David , Bishop Malachy , Chan Fong , Wehman Paul
Published: March 2023

This editorial provides an overview of the special series developed by the Vocational Rehabilitation Technical Assistance Center (VRTAC) for Quality Employment, H264K200003, and VRTAC-Targeted Communities (H264F15003) from the U.S. Department of Education, and in collaboration with the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research project of Rehabilitation Research and Training Center (RRTC) on Employer Practices (#90RT5041), RRTC on Employment of Transition-Age Youth with Disabilities (#90RTEM0002), RRTC on Employment of Individuals with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (#90RTEM0003), and Disability Rehabilitation and Research Project on Customized Employment (#90DP0085). The special series consists of 26 articles appearing across four different journals: Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation; Rehabilitation Counselors and Educators Journal; Rehabilitation Research, Policy, and Education; and Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin.
Debating the Drug Policy in Sweden: Stakeholders’ Moral Justifications in Media 2015–2021
Authors: Lerkkanen Tuulia , Storbjörk Jessica
Published: March 2023

Drug-related harms continue to increase globally and governments struggle in search of effective and legitimate countermeasures. The choice between policy options is intertwined with the arguments that dominate drug policy discussions, which in turn are closely related to who has access to the policy debate. In this study, we examine stakeholders’ visibility and moral justifications of argumentation in the Swedish drug policy debate in the media (2015–2021). Justification analysis (JA) is used as a methodological and theoretical tool to illustrate the moral principles behind the claims by the stakeholders. The results show that the most visible stakeholders were politicians, government agencies and molders of public opinion. Furthermore, the stakeholders with successful active attempts to participate in the debate were molders of public opinion, NGOs, and politicians. The silent stakeholders in the media were people who use drugs and significant others. Stakeholders generally revolve around a dividing line regarding the restrictive features of Swedish drug policy, and were divided into proponents, opponents and neutral ones. All stakeholder groups included all three sides, hence reflecting the ingroup dissonance that may explain the continuing deadlock in Swedish drug policy. Justifications that value evidence-based policymaking ( industrial worth) was used in the argumentation by the majority of the stakeholder groups, often combined with other moral justifications. This notion challenges the dichotomy of evidence and values in drug policy debates. Proponents relied more on the justifications that value paternalism ( domestic worth), while opponents leaned toward the justifications valuing civil rights and social justice ( civic worth). The development of Swedish drug policy may depend on the relative strength of these two value positions ( domestic versus civic worth) in society and among stakeholders in power. This study continues the discussion of making contesting values explicit in the drug policy, serving a riveting case for international comparison.
The New Normal – Virtual and Hybrid Presentations: Developing Content, Designing Slides, and Delivery Guidelines
Authors: Gartner-Schmidt Jacqueline
Published: March 2023

Objective

To outline best practices for virtual and hybrid presentation effectiveness.

Methods

Retrospective review of recommendations from world experts in how to develop a solid story, design slides that visually communicate, and improve delivery skills that connect with the audience. Virtual and hybrid presenting is not as strongly dependent on all the new technical and software means as supposed. Presentation basics remain critical.

Result

Best practice in presentation effectiveness will statistically decrease the incidence of and risk factors for Nodding-off Episodes per Lecture (NOELs).

Conclusion

The future of presenting is here, and it is mostly online. Mastering the presentation basics and understanding the limitations and opportunities for this new virtual/hybrid presentation space will allow presenters the reach and influence their message deserves.
For Heaven-Human Conviviality: Reflections on Some ‘Ontological’ Narratives
Authors: Mingming Wang
Published: March 2023

This article uses a Chinese narrative of ‘nature-human harmony’ as the main thread to connect the contributions of ontological anthropology. I argue that the best of the critiques of nature-human or nature-culture dualism in social anthropology propose rebuilding a world that ‘pursues harmony while preserving difference’ in the double sense of nature and culture. Given that most social scientific problems are indeed related to utilitarian individualism, I argue that research on ‘ontology’ should re-engage the ancient notion of ‘ ji’, construed as ‘others-comprised self’, which forms the foundation of a perspective of ‘broad human relationship’ between humans and their others (other humans, things, and divinities). Perspectivism inherits many categories of Western cosmology that it critiques and represents a kind of inert ontology. Grounded in the cosmology of life ( sheng), we hope to contribute to a new anthropology of the compatibility between self/others and subject/objects.
Investigating the impact of self-pacing on the L2 listening performance of young learner candidates with differing L1 literacy skills
Authors: Eberharter Kathrin , Kormos Judit , Guggenbichler Elisa , Ebner Viktoria S. , Suzuki Shungo , Moser-Frötscher Doris , Konrad Eva , Kremmel Benjamin
Published: March 2023

In online environments, listening involves being able to pause or replay the recording as needed. Previous research indicates that control over the listening input could improve the measurement accuracy of listening assessment. Self-pacing also supports the second language (L2) comprehension processes of test-takers with specific learning difficulties (SpLDs) or, more specifically, of learners with reading-related learning difficulties who might have slower processing speed and limited working memory capacity. Our study examined how L1 literacy skills influence L2 listening performance in the standard single-listening and self-paced administration mode of the listening section of the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL) Junior Standard test. In a counterbalanced design, 139 Austrian learners of English completed 15 items in a standard single-listening condition and another 15 in a self-paced condition. L1 literacy skills were assessed via a standard reading, non-word reading, word-naming, and non-word repetition test. Generalized Linear Mixed-Effects Modelling revealed that self-pacing had no statistically significant effect on listening scores nor did it boost the performance of test-takers with lower L1 literacy scores indicative of reading-related SpLDs. The results indicate that young test-takers might require training in self-pacing or that self-paced conditions may need to be carefully implemented when they are offered to candidates with SpLDs.
Community perceptions on tourism development in South Africa: The case of developing a tourism route in the City of Mbombela Local Municipality, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa
Authors: Sekole Makhupu Q , Lethoko Mankolo , Mautjana Madimetja H , Makombe Godswill
Published: March 2023

Tourism is used as a community development tool. It has been incorporated into national development plans. In South Africa, it is incorporated into local economic development (LED) plans. The LED strategy for the City of Mbombela Local Municipality includes the development of a tourism route in the former Umjindi Local Municipality. Through the application of the descriptive research design, we use the Likert scale to investigate perceptions of the community around the area where the tourism route is proposed. A sampling frame was developed by listing all the 224 households who live in the section of the road covered by the tourism route. From the 224 households in the sampling frame, a simple random sample of 89 households was drawn using the SPSS random number generator. A structured questionnaire was used to solicit the perceptions of respondents concerning the economic, socio-cultural, environmental and infrastructural attributes of the tourism route. Although they need to be interpreted directionally, most of the economic, socio-cultural and environmental attributes were significant. Of the infrastructure attributes electricity and water supply were significant. Generally, respondents had positive perceptions of the tourism route. Therefore, we strongly recommend the development of the tourism route with the caveat that sustainability issues need to be paid attention to.
Multiple sclerosis versus cerebral small vessel disease in MRI: a practical approach using qualitative and quantitative signal intensity differences in white matter lesions
Authors: Yuzkan Sabahattin , Balsak Serdar , Cinkir Ufuk , Kocak Burak
Published: March 2023

Background

Multiple sclerosis (MS) and cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) are relatively common radiological entities that occasionally necessitate differential diagnosis.

Purpose

To investigate the differences in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal intensity (SI) between MS and CSVD related white matter lesions.

Material and Methods

On 1.5-T and 3-T MRI scanners, 50 patients with MS (380 lesions) and 50 patients with CSVD (395 lesions) were retrospectively evaluated. Visual inspection was used to conduct qualitative analysis on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)_b1000 to determine relative signal intensity. The thalamus served as the reference for quantitative analysis based on SI ratio (SIR). The statistical analysis utilized univariable and multivariable methods. There were analyses of patient and lesion datasets. On a dataset restricted by age (30–50 years), additional evaluations, including unsupervised fuzzy c-means clustering, were performed.

Results

Using both quantitative and qualitative features, the optimal model achieved a 100% accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity with an area under the curve (AUC) of 1 in patient-wise analysis. With an AUC of 0.984, the best model achieved a 94% accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity when using only quantitative features. The model's accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were 91.9%, 84.6%, and 95.8%, respectively, when using the age-restricted dataset. Independent predictors were T2_SIR_max (optimal cutoff=2.1) and DWI_b1000_SIR_mean (optimal cutoff=1.1). Clustering also performed well with an accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 86.5%, 70.6%, and 100%, respectively, in the age-restricted dataset.

Conclusion

SI characteristics derived from DWI_b1000 and T2-weighted-based MRI demonstrate excellent performance in differentiating white matter lesions caused by MS and CSVD.
One piece of the puzzle: Treatment of fostered and adopted children with RAD and DSED
Authors: Zilberstein Karen
Published: March 2023

Reactive attachment disorder (RAD) and disinhibited social engagement disorder (DSED) are two interrelated diagnoses emerging from pathogenic and insufficient care during the first few years of life. They have been reported in children who were fostered or adopted after experiencing severe early deprivation through institutionalisation, as well as youth with foster care and maltreatment histories. Substantial comorbid and overlapping difficulties often coexist with both disorders, which complicates their identification. Despite a consensus that RAD and DSED are distinctive diagnoses that capture relational behaviours not elsewhere described, many questions remain about their development and treatment. Research probing underlying mechanisms for both disorders is scarce, and only a few studies exist that chronicle potential interventions. Extant treatments tend to focus on parent management training rather than attachment-based interventions and often do not incorporate assessment of the child’s relational schemata and comorbid difficulties into interventions. This article expands on earlier interventions by detailing the current state of knowledge about RAD and DSED and their common comorbidities in children with foster care and adoption histories and by suggesting how to weave that knowledge into comprehensive assessment and treatment. Two case vignettes are presented.
Temporomandibular Joint Gape Angles in Normal and Painful Domestic Felines
Authors: Renner Emily K. , Thatcher Graham , Hetzel Scott , Snyder Christopher J.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study was to determine and compare the gape angles (temporomandibular joint range of motion with mouth opening) of conscious and anesthetized domestic felines and to compare gape angles with and without evidence of oral pain. This prospective study evaluated the gape angle of 58 domestic felines. The cats were grouped into painful ( n = 33) and nonpainful cohorts ( n = 25) and gape angles were compared during conscious and anesthetized conditions. Gape angles were determined based on measurements of the maximal interincisal distance and lengths of the mandible and maxilla followed by calculation of the law of cosines. The mean feline gape angle (standard deviation) was determined to be 45.3° (8.6°) and 50.8° (6.2°) for conscious and anesthetized felines respectively. There was no significant difference between painful and non-painful feline gape angles during conscious ( P = .613) or anesthetized ( P = .605) evaluations. There was a significant difference between anesthetized and conscious gape angles ( P < .001) for both painful and non-painful cohorts. This study determined the standardized, normal feline temporomandibular joint (TMJ) gape angle in both conscious and anesthetized states. This study suggests that the feline gape angle is not a useful indicator of oral pain. By determining the feline gape angle, which was previously unknown, further evaluation of its utility as a non-invasive clinical parameter for evaluation of restrictive TMJ motions as well as its use for serial evaluations may be pursued.
An intelligent approach to extract chatter and metal removal rate features impromptu from milling sound signal
Authors: Mishra Rohit , Gupta Pankaj , Singh Bhagat
Published: March 2023

Vibration monitoring and control have been the main concern of machining industries. Traditional monitoring processes have several drawbacks such as; higher computational time, manual feature detection and requirement of supervision. To overcome these difficulties, this study proposes a hybrid approach based on Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) and multi-layer perceptron – back propagation neural network (MLP-BPNN) using sound signals for monitoring self-induced tool vibration (chatter) and metal removal rate (MRR) in milling operation. Initially, acquired vibration signals are decomposed for extracting desired machining data. Further, SOM has been applied on the reconstructed signals for data mapping and automatic feature selection. Selected features have been used as an input in MLP-BPNN training for the development of prediction models of machining quality and MRR. Finally, it has been observed that the proposed data-driven methodology can be well adapted for the automatic feature selection and can predict machining quality and MRR with nearly 98% accuracy.
Experimental study on the variation of car radiator frontal area using Al2O3/water-ethylene glycol nano coolant
Authors: Subhedar Dattatraya G , Ramani Bharat M , Chauhan Kamlesh V , Panchal Hitesh , Prajapati Sagar M , Al-rubaie Ali Jawad , Jaber Mustafa Musa
Published: March 2023

In automobiles, the cooling system is essential in increasing engine performance. Conventional coolants like water and ethylene glycol have low thermal conductivity. Nanotechnology allows the development of a high thermal conductivity coolant named ‘nanocoolant’, a colloidal suspension. This study is focused on the effect of nanocoolant size on the radiator, which is also responsible for fuel consumption. To prepare nanocoolant two-step method was used, in which nanoparticles were prepared separately and dispersed in a base fluid under ultrasonic agitation. This research was carried out for the dispersion of Al2O3 in a water-ethylene glycol mixture with volume concentrations of 0%, 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.6%. The experimentation was carried out on 180, 216, 288 and 360 mm tube-length radiators. The experiments were conducted at a coolant inlet temperature 65 °C, air velocity of 1.05 m/s, and volume rate of 4 to 9 litres per minute. The result shows that using 0.2% Al2O3 nanoparticles, the overall heat transfer coefficient was augmented by 43% more than the base fluid. It is also seen that for 0.6% volume fraction nanocoolant, approximately 65% reduction in frontal radiator area is possible, which leads to decrement in the drag force and pumping power.
Access to a dementia-friendly garden on behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia, falls and psychotropic medication use in residents of an aged care home in Melbourne, Australia
Authors: Lai Rhoda , Foladkar Mouhamed , Dhaliwal Gurnik , Kibria Anika , Gualano Rosa C , Healy Madeleine L
Published: March 2023

Objective

Residents of care homes need access to outdoors. This may improve behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) and quality of life in residents living with dementia. Barriers including lack of accessibility and increased falls risk, which may be mitigated using dementia-friendly design. This prospective cohort study followed a group of residents in the first 6 months after the opening of a new dementia-friendly garden.

Method

Nineteen residents participated. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory – Nursing Home Version (NPI-NH) and psychotropic medication use were collected at baseline, 3 and 6 months. The facility's falls rate during this time and feedback from staff and residents' next of kin were collected.

Results

Total NPI-NH scores decreased, though not significantly. Feedback was positive overall; the falls rate decreased. Usage of the garden was low.

Conclusions

Despite its limitations, this pilot study adds to the literature about the importance of access to the outdoors for people who are experiencing BPSD. Staff remain concerned about falls risk despite the dementia-friendly design, and many residents do not access outdoors frequently. Further education may help to remove barriers to encouraging residents to access the outdoors.
Examining Psychological Mediators in Entrepreneurship: Experimental Designs, Remedies, and Recommendations
Authors: Hsu Dan K. , Mitchell J. Robert , Cao Xian
Published: March 2023

Psychological mediators underlie many entrepreneurship phenomena. Unfolding psychological mechanisms enhances our understanding of theoretical relationships in entrepreneurship. This paper first reviews the current state of entrepreneurship studies examining psychological mediators and identifies the hurdles that push researchers away from employing randomized experiments to unfold the causal relationships underlying mediation. To alleviate these hurdles, we then propose parsimonious yet rigorous experimental designs that make experiments testing psychological mediators in entrepreneurship feasible and cost efficient. In addition, when manipulating the mediator is not feasible, we theorize and identify two remedies a single experiment can use to examine the causal chain underlying mediation.
Parenting Stress, Child Social Functioning, and Part C Early Intervention in Predominantly Low-Income Families of Children With or at High Risk for Developmental Delay From Minoritized Racial and Ethnic Groups
Authors: Kuhn Jocelyn , Hickey Emily , Lindly Olivia , Stransky Michelle , Masaro Marisa , Patts Gregory J. , Cabral Howard , Crossman Morgan , Augustyn Marilyn , Feinberg Emily , Broder-Fingert Sarabeth
Published: March 2023

In this study, the relationships between child social functioning, parenting stress, and Part C Early Intervention (EI) enrollment were examined in 227 ethnically and racially diverse, low-income families of 15- to 27-month-old children. All toddlers in the sample were identified with or at high risk for developmental delay via universal screening in primary care; 41.4% were enrolled in EI at the time of study data collection and 83.3% ultimately enrolled in EI before turning 3 years old. Generalized linear mixed model results indicated no direct relationship between EI enrollment and parenting stress, but a significant inverse association was found between child social functioning and parenting stress (β = −0.61, p = .005) that was moderated by EI enrollment ( p < .001). This suggests potential benefits of timely referral and access to EI for families of children at risk of developmental delay in historically underserved communities. Furthermore, exploratory bivariate analyses indicated that clinically elevated parenting stress related to higher worry about the child’s development and higher M-CHAT-R/F scores; EI enrollment was related to parents not working outside the home, older age of both parent and child, and lower child social functioning level.
Evaluation of Humanistic Curriculum Within “Accepted” Movie
Authors: Okur-Berberoglu Emel
Published: March 2023

Humanism is a perspective which centers upon human interests and values. It asks learners what they want to be and how they want to be. Recently there have been dominant traditional and technological perspectives to education and this situation causes some problems because these perspectives service to society's expectations, not learners’ expectations. Humanistic curriculum might be a kind of antidote for technological and traditional perspectives. These perspectives mostly focus on cognitive development while humanistic perspective focuses on affective development. The aim of this study is to evaluate humanistic perspective and curriculum within the “Accepted” movie because the students are asked what they want to learn and how they want to learn in the movie. The methodology of this research is a case study within qualitative approach. The data are collected by discourse analysis. At the end of the study, three themes are defined in the movie: Materialistic expectations and disappointments; humanistic curriculum development; traditional curriculum vs humanistic curriculum. There is no pure humanistic curriculum so far therefore it is not known yet the outputs of it in the real world. New educational programmes based on humanistic curriculum might be developed and applied. There might be new studies to combine traditional curriculum and humanistic curriculum.
A Bifactor Model of General and Specific PTSD Symptom Change During Treatment
Authors: Byllesby Brianna M. , Palmieri Patrick A.
Published: March 2023

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) consists of four main components in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5): intrusions (INT), avoidance (AV), negative alterations in cognition and mood (NACM), and arousal and reactivity (AAR); however, studies do not always support this four-factor model. A sample of 348 treatment-seeking adults was assessed for PTSD symptoms at baseline (Time 1) and then 12 weeks later (Time 2). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to examine the model fit of the DSM-5 four-factor model of PTSD with and without a general factor at both time points, and structural equation modeling allowed for examination of these associations between time points. The four-factor model did not meet the criteria for excellent model fit, and the bifactor model provided improved model fit. The NACM specific factor did not meet the criteria for unique variance above and beyond the general factor. The bifactor model of PTSD symptoms was reliable over time, and both the general factor and the AAR factor significantly predicted subsequent symptom severity.
Development of an Inconsistent Responding Scale for the HEXACO Personality Inventory-Revised
Authors: Concannon Alison B. , Ruchensky Jared R. , Donnellan M. Brent , Edens John F.
Published: March 2023

Inconsistent or careless responding is a significant threat to the validity of self-reported personality data. Using archival samples of undergraduate and community participants, we developed an inconsistent responding scale using items that appear on both the 60- and 100-item versions of the HEXACO Personality Inventory-Revised—two widely used measures of the HEXACO model of personality trait structure. We identified pairs of correlated HEXACO items in Sample 1 and created a total inconsistent responding score by summing absolute differences between each item pair. The Brief Response Inconsistency Evaluation (BRIE) for the HEXACO effectively differentiated between genuine and randomly generated responses across samples. The BRIE also correlated as expected with other measures of careless responding and relevant personality traits (e.g., conscientiousness). Tentative cut scores for the BRIE that appear to provide a reasonable balance between sensitivity and specificity in Sample 1 were investigated. Future research should examine the BRIE with different populations and translations of the HEXACO inventories and further investigate the effectiveness of the recommended cut scores.
Exploring the Influence of Aggressive and Target-Framing Messages on Proenvironmental Behaviors
Authors: Yuan Shupei , Kuehl Colin
Published: March 2023

As the tenor of climate change debates continues to intensify, it is critical to understand how shifts in style and target affect individuals’ proenvironmental behaviors. Using two online experiments, we investigated how these changes can violate expectations in ways that affect persuasive power. The results suggest that an aggressive style is likely to expectancy violation, which negatively affects individuals’ private- and public-sphere behavioral intentions. Differences in the framing of responsibility between individuals and institutions had limited impacts. The findings offer insights and practical implications for environmental communicators on how communication styles and framing affect efforts to shift climate change behaviors.
The Polish Variant of Patriarchy? Explaining the Relationship Between Gender Inequality and Violence Against Women in Poland
Authors: Grzyb Magdalena
Published: March 2023

The largest European victimization survey of violence against women (VAW), has revealed an interesting paradox: countries with the highest gender equality indices had the highest VAW indices, while countries with low gender equality, also had low VAW indices. The country with the lowest VAW rates was Poland. This article attempts to explain this paradox. First, the results of the FRA study regarding Poland and its methodological issues are described. As these explanations may prove insufficient, it is necessary to recourse to sociological theories of VAW, together with analyses of the sociocultural roles of women, and gender relations since the communist period (1945–1989). The key question is whether the Polish variant of the patriarchy is more respectful toward women than Western European gender equality.
Effect of γ-polyglutamic acid on the physicochemical properties of soybean protein isolate-stabilized O/W emulsion
Authors: Xie Xinhua , Zhang Bei , Zhang Bobo , Zhu Hongshuai , Qi Lei , Xu Chao , Cheng Lilin , Ai Zhilu , Shi Qingshan
Published: March 2023

An increased interest has been observed in the application of soybean protein isolate (SPI) into O/W emulsion because of the amphipathic characteristics of SPI. However, at pH around 4.5, SPI was almost lost its hydrophilic characteristic, thus greatly limiting its application in emulsion under an acidic environment. Therefore, this drawback of SPI needs to be urgently solved. This study aims to investigate the effect of γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) on physicochemical properties of SPI-stabilized O/W emulsion. The results suggested that the interaction between γ-PGA and SPI improved the SPI solubility in solution, and increased emulsifying properties of SPI in the pH range of 4.0–5.0 via electrostatic interaction. Meanwhile, the charge neutralisation between SPI emulsions with γ-PGA was confirmed via ζ-potentiometry. With the presence of γ-PGA in emulsion at pH 4.0 and 5.0, the electrostatic complexation between SPI and anionic γ-PGA exhibited decreased the viscosity of SPI emulsion, which might be related to the phenomenon as indicated by the confocal laser scanning microscope measurements. Therefore, the electrostatic complexation between SPI and γ-PGA suggested that the promising potential of γ-PGA to be used in SPI-stabilized O/W emulsion under an acidic environment.