bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ellis-van Creveld syndrome affecting siblings: A case report and review
Authors: Annigeri Rajeshwari G. , Reddy V.V. Subba , Mamatha G.P. , Jadhav Manisha , Poornima P.
Published: July 2019

Ellis-van Creveld syndrome (EVC) is a genetic disorder that was first described by Richard Ellis and Simon van Creveld in 1940. EVC is a rare autosomal recessive disease resulting from a genetic defect located in chromosome 4p16. The name chondroectodermal is used as it affects both the skeleton (chondro) and the skin (ectoderm). The four principal characteristics are chondrodysplasia, polydactyly, ectodermal dysplasia and congenital heart defects. The patients have small stature, short limbs, fine sparse hair and hypoplastic nails. The orofacial manifestations include multiple gingivolabial musculofibrous frenule, dental anomalies like hypodontia associated with malocclusion. This entity can be diagnosed at any age, even during pregnancy. The differentiation should be made between Asphyxiating Thoracic Dysplasia (Jeune syndrome) and other orofaciodigital syndromes. A multidisciplinary approach is required to manage this condition. We are reporting a rare clinical entity of chondroectodermal dysplasia with classical signs affecting siblings who reported to the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology with review of its literature.

How to cite this article

Mamatha GP, Manisha J, Rajeshwari GA, Poornima P, Subba Reddy VV. Ellis-van Creveld syndrome affecting siblings – A case report and review. CODS J Dent 2014;6;40-44
Candidiasis - A frequently underdiagnosed entity
Authors: Ramakrishna Ashwini , Nandini DB , Annigeri. Rajeshwari
Published: July 2019

Candidiasis is the most common fungal infection of the oral cavity. It often presents as a white lesion mimicking other oral lesions. It frequently goes undiagnosed in the presence of positive tobacco habit history. The present article reports a case of chronic candidiasis with review of literature.

How to cite this article

Ashwini R, Nandini DB, Madhushankari GS, Rajeshwari A. Candidiasis - A frequently underdiagnosed entity. CODS J Dent 2014 6;117-121
Prevalence of Hemiplegic Shoulder Pain in Post-stroke Patients – A Hospital Based Study
Authors: Joy AK , Ozukum I , Nilachandra L , Khelendro Th , Nandabir Y , Kunjabasi W
Published: July 2019

Objectives

To study the prevalence of hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP) and its association with other factors like age, sex, side of paralysis, type of brain lesion, muscle tone, degree of functional recovery in upper limb and glenohumeral subluxation (GHS).

Methodology

Prospective study based on all the hemiplegic 140 patients admitted in the physical medicine and rehabilitation ward in two consecutive years.

Tools

Assessment of HSP was done by using a structured questionnaire known as “Shoulder Q”. Modified Ashworth scale (MAS) was used for spasticity assessment and functional independence measure (FIM) to document the severity of disability. Follow-up at intervals of 1, 3 and 6 months from the date of discharge for all cases were attempted and even cases with at least one follow-up around 3 months were also included in the study. Analysis was done on 109 patients as 31 patients lost to follow-up.

Results

Out of the 109 patients, 61.5% were males with a mean age of 58.9 ± 10.9 years. Cerebral infarct represents 53.2% of patients. HSP was present in 47.7% (n= 52) of patients. The prevalence of HSP on left and right sides was comparable though involvement was more on the left side (58.8%). Glenohumeral subluxation was present in 32.7% (n=17) of 52 cases with HSP and 33.3% (n=19) of 57 cases without HSP. Mean FIM score at admission for patients with HSP was 54.5 ± 17.6 and 56.6 ± 19.5 among cases without HSP. Again, mean FIM scores at last follow-up were 80.0 ± 16.4 and 79.9 ± 18.9 respectively for both cases with HSP and without it. Among the compliers, patients with tone more than MAS=1 were more likely to develop HSP.

Conclusion

Prevalence rate of HSP among post-stroke hemiplegic patients admitted during two years was 47.7%. There was no association of HSP with factors like age, sex, side of paralysis, type of lesion and GHS. Correlation between HSP and muscle tone or degree of functional recovery was significant.
Management of Over-Granulation in a Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Clinical Experience
Authors: Krishnaprasad I.N , Soumya V , Abdulgafoor S
Published: July 2019

Over-granulation or exuberant granulation tissue is a common problem encountered in the care of chronic wounds, especially that of diabetic foot ulcers. There are several potential options for the treatment of this challenging problem. Some have an immediate short term effect but may have a longer term unfavourable effect, for example, silver nitrate application and surgical excision, which may delay wound healing by reverting the wound back to the inflammatory phase of healing. Other products, such as foams and silver dressings may offer some effect in short term, but their long term effects are questionable. The more recent research supports Haelan cream and tape as an efficacious and cost effective treatment for over-granulation in a variety of wound types. The future of treating over-granulation may lie with surgical lasers, since lasers can not only remove over-granulation tissue but will also cauterise small blood vessels and are very selective, leaving healing cells alone while removing excess and unhealthy tissue.

Recently Drs Lain and Carrington have demonstrated the utility of imiquimod, an immune-modulator with anti-angiogenic properties, in the treatment exuberant granulation tissue, in a patient with long standing diabetic foot ulcer, resistant to other forms of therapy. We adapted a modified version of their protocol in the management of a similar patient in our hospital and achieved a good result in lesser time than the former.
Richie Cannieu Anastomosis: A Case Report
Authors: Sreejith K , Sudhil TR , Krishnaprasad IN , Sreedevi Menon P
Published: July 2019

To perform or interpret an electrodiagnostic study, one should have a thorough knowledge about the normal human anatomy. Along with that, one should keep in mind the possibility of various anastomoses which can occur between different nerves. Richie Cannieu anastomosis is an anomalous ulnar to median communication in the palm between the deep branch of the ulnar nerve and the recurrent branch of the median nerve. Such an anastomosis in a setting of median or ulnar nerve injury can produce confusing clinical and electrodiagnostic findings. Correct diagnosis is important especially before planning any surgical intervention. Here we report a case of Richie Cannieu anastomosis to highlight the importance of knowing about such anastomoses.
A Rare Case of Bilateral Spontaneous Intracerebral Haemorrhage Presenting With Left Hemiplegia: A Case Report
Authors: Joy AK , Mohes Annada Sankar , Bidyarani Th , Singh L Dorendrojit , Jongky Aten
Published: July 2019

Haemorrhage is responsible for around 11% of stroke syndrome. Haemorrhage usually occurs at a single site. However, it can be at multiple sites in some specific conditions i.e. coagulopathy, vascular malformation, malignancy etc. A 56-year-old male with left sided hemiplegia was admitted in the rehabilitation ward of RIMS, Imphal. He was hypertensive and was on irregular medication for that. He was also an alcoholic and chronic smoker for last 20 years. Patient was conscious and clinical examination revealed left 7th and 12th cranial nerve involvement with left hemiplegia. Non-contrast CT scan of brain revealed right thalamus and left basal ganglia haemorrhages. Thorough history and investigations did not reveal any aetiology for bilateral haemorrhage. Patient was treated with conservative management and improvement was noticed in serial follow-ups. There are very few case reports about bilateral spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage associated with other diseases like migraine, Japanese encephalitis etc. Cause of bilateral haemorrhage in our case is doubtful.
Conception, Development, and Clinical Trial Design of Point-of-care Technologies: A Case of Improved FES Device Development
Authors: Biswas Abhishek , Shendkar C V , Arya Bikas K , Lenka PK , Kumar Ratnesh , Mahadevappa M
Published: July 2019

Objective

This article presents a case study on the development of an indigenous stimulator device, including the design of its clinical trials and the process of its clinical trial registration in the newly launched clinical trial registry- India (CTRI). The ethical and regulatory issues involved in medical device clinical trials in India are also discussed.

Design and Methods

The entire development and trial cycle of a new medical device from ideation to technology transfer is explained in this case of a newly developed indigenous FES device. The primary emphasis is on how to systematically analyse the global trial registry databases to adequately frame a medical device trial. With this case study, we present how to shortlist relevant trials; we then compare them and explain the valid methods for registering a trial protocol in the CTRI.

Conclusions

Our work can act as a model or guide for rehabilitation researchers in India, facilitating there work in the medical device design and trial protocol development. Though our trial has been designed for and registered in the Indian CTRI trial registry, our work can be equally useful for researchers abroad who desire to conduct their medical device trials in India.
Identifying Factors Predicting Hospital Length-of stay and Receiving Prosthesis of Lower Limb Amputee Patients after Amputation Surgery- A Singapore Perspective
Authors: Leng Tan Yeow , Lynn Lee Chooi , Mar Saw Hay , Larck Ashfaq Ahmed
Published: July 2019

Aims

To identify predictors affecting total hospital length of stay(TLOS) and receiving lower limb prosthesis of amputees after surgery in a Singapore tertiary hospital.

Materials and Methods

A retrospective study of 96 patients was undertaken with various levels of lower limb amputation admitted to Singapore General Hospital (SGH) from January 2009 to December 2014. Patients were divided into two groups: 40-59 and 60 to 80 years old. We correlate clinical variables with TLOS and receiving prosthesis at 6 months from surgery.

Results

For the cohort of age 40-59, presence of IHD (B=22.4), wound infection (B=17.8) and those needing inpatient rehabilitation(B=36.8) correlate to increased TLOS. Premorbid independence (B=28.6) and presence of care-giver (B=23.3) led to a reduction of TLOS. For successful receiving of prosthesis at 6months from surgery, diabetes (B=0.69) and CRF (B=0.31)were negative predictors. In the older cohort, presence of care-giver (B=18.6) predicted shorter TLOS whereas those needing inpatient rehabilitation contributed to longer TLOS(B=25.61). Those who needed for inpatient rehabilitation had statistically signifi cant higher chance of receiving prosthesis later(B=0.53).

Conclusion

IHD, wound infection and need for inpatient rehabilitation, premorbid independence and care-giver availability are important predictors of TLOS. For receiving of prosthesis at 6months, predictors include needing inpatient rehabilitation, diabetes and CRF.
Management of Myofascial Pain Syndrome in Armed Force Personnel: Two Novel Therapeutic Approach
Authors: Singh Lt Col Sonu , Pandey Brig. L C , Kalra Lt Col A S
Published: July 2019

Background

Myofascial pain syndrome is one of the commonest pain syndromes now a days. Its pathophysiology is not fully documented or understood. Goal of treatment is to release the pain and discomfort of myofascial pain syndrome.

Methods

This was a multicentric prospective study comprising 70 patients who had been diagnosed clinically with myofascial pain syndrome in the neck, shoulder or back. Cases were randomly divided into two treatment groups. First group (36 cases) were treated with physiotherapy modalities (extracorporeal shock wave therapy and ultrasound therapy as combination therapy) and patients in second group (34 cases) were treated with trigger point injection. In both the groups patients were advised stretching exercises as soon as pain decreases.

Results

Pain was substantially decreased in both the treatment groups but results were early and comparatively better in patients treated by trigger point injection group. Stretching exercises were helpful in regaining strength and also helpful in decreasing recurrence of pain.
Treatment of bilateral furcation involvements with bonegraft and bioabsorbable barriers
Authors: Thomas Betsy , Kanagotagi Sachin , Padhye Ashvini , Mapara Manjeet , Jagtap Rasika
Published: July 2019

Bilateral furcation involvements are a common occurrence. This case demonstrates the surgical treatment of bilateral furcation involvement at a single appointment. This article presents successful management of bilateral class II furcation involvement affecting lower molars with particulate bonegraft (betaTCP + HA) and guided tissue generation(GTR) bioabsorbable membrane. This article reiterates the fact that class II furcations are ideal cases for therapy bone graft +GTR and respond favorably to this therapy. Further treatment at a single appointment is more convenient and time saving for both the patient and the operator when the patient is deemed compliant to follow post operative instructions.
Extrafollicular Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumour
Authors: Khalid Imran , Devarakonda Visalakshi , Raju K. Pratima , Ansari Mohd Asif Ali
Published: July 2019

Adenomatoid Odontogenic Tumour (AOT) is an unusual benign tumour unique to maxillofacial area, with a tendency to involve the tooth bearing areas of both the jaws and accounting for 3% of all the odontogenic tumours. Diagnosis of the tumour is sometimes intriguing owing to its variable clinical and radiographic presentation. One such variable and relatively rare presentation of extrafollicular type of adenomatoid odontogenic tumour in anterior maxilla of an eighteen year old female has been discussed in this paper which can be refreshing for the practitioner.
Internet Resources for Dentistry: Government and Medical Sites for the Dental Professional
Authors: Guest Gary F.
Published: July 2019

As society transitions deeper into the Information Age, Information Technology has become a critical tool that supports all facets of the global economy. The Internet, via the World-Wide Web (WWW), has become a major component of business operations for corporate and educational organizational entities. An estimated 10,000 or more health-related websites are providing information for both consumers and healthcare professionals. In addition to private and state-supported institutions being present on the Internet, the federal government has moved rapidly toward disseminating information electronically, with significant utilization of the WWW as the technological vehicle. All branches of the US Government and federal-related agencies are now represented on the Internet in an effort to deliver content to their end users, primarily the public. The intent of this article is to complement the previous publication, “Internet Resources for Dentistry: Utilization of the Internet to Support Professional Growth, Decision Making, and Patient Care,” by presenting dental healthcare professionals with information on additional governmental and medical “Internet” sites. In addition, healthcare professionals must arm themselves with more than just access itself, but also the ability to critically judge the quality of information retrieved from the WWW.1,2,5
Root Coverage with an Acellular Dermal Allograft: A Three-Month Case Report
Authors: Fowler Edward B. , Breault Lawrence G.
Published: July 2019

Treatment of gingival recession has been a common practice in periodontics for years. As esthetic demands of periodontal patientsincrease, more root coverage procedures will be performed to satisfy esthetic demands. Often patients present with multiple areas requiring treatment. Palatal anatomy may limit the amount of autogenous tissue that can be harvested, limiting the number of procedures that can be performed. A patient may not desire to have additional tissue transplanted from the palate, due to increased pain and morbidity associated with multiple transplant procedures.

The following is a case presentation of multiple adjacent recession defects. The patient presented with a shallow palate from which one side would not yield an adequate quantity of connective tissue. Furthermore, the patient declined to have both sides of his palate harvested simultaneously. As an alternative, an acellular dermal matrix allograft was utilized to correct these gingival defects negating the requirement for a second palatal surgical procedure.
Tobacco Cessation Intervention: How to Communicate with Tobacco Using Patients
Authors: Stafne Eric E. , Bakdash Bashar
Published: July 2019

Tobacco use is a dental as well as a medical problem. When dental team members assist their patients in becoming tobacco free, they are eliminating a causative/contributing factor for a number of oral conditions including cancer and periodontal diseases. Studies have shown that brief tobacco use cessation interventions in the dental office can be effective in helping many patients to stop using tobacco. Interventions can be optimized through understanding the stage of change the tobacco user is in when an intervention is attempted. Only then can we use the appropriate intervention at the right time. This article discusses and demonstrates a protocol for tobacco cessation interventions that can be used in the dental office.
Endodontic Perforation Repair with Resin-Ionomer: A Case Report
Authors: Fowler Edward B. , Breault Lawrence G. , Primack COL Patrice D.
Published: July 2019

Root perforations are significant complications of endodontic treatment. However, when teeth are of strategic value, perforation repair is clearly indicated. The successful utilization and placement of a subgingival resin-ionomer restoration to repair an endodontic root perforation is demonstrated. Sustained tissue health and minimal probing depths at the surgical site demonstrate clinical success.
Radiographic Techniques for the Pediatric Patient
Authors: Schvvartz Steven
Published: July 2019

Obtaining quality radiographs on pediatric patients can be a challenge. Suggestions for communicating with patients about radiation safety and the need for radiographs can facilitate the process. Guidelines for radiographic exposure intervals for young patients are key elements in the reduction of exposure to ionizing radiation and are presented in this paper. The child patient presents unique challenges for the dental professional and special techniques are presented in this article that may be helpful in the conducting radiographic examinations for this patient population.
Inadequate Vertical Bone Dimension Managed by Bone-added Osteotome Sinus Floor Elevation (BAOSFE): A Literature Review and Case Report
Authors: Kolhatkar Shilpa , Cabanilla Leyvee , Bhola Monish
Published: July 2019

Aim

The purpose of this report is to provide a brief literature review of the bone-added osteotome sinus floor elevation (BAOSFE) procedure and to present a case utilizing this technique.

Background

Implant placement in the posterior maxillary region is often compromised due to anatomic limitations. In clinical situations where there is inadequate vertical bone dimension, the BAOSFE technique can be employed to increase bone height and allow placement of implants with an appropriate length dimension.

Case Report

A case of a 60-year-old female with inadequate vertical bone dimension in the area of an extracted #13 is presented. The BAOSFE technique was performed which facilitated the placement of a 3.75 X 13 mm implant.

Anatomic limitations such as inadequate vertical bone dimension in the posterior maxillary region may result in placement of shorter implants. Sinus floor elevation (SFE) procedures using a crestal approach such as the BAOSFE, in certain selected cases, can effectively and predictably increase bone height.

Clinical Significance

The BAOSFE technique is an excellent procedure that can overcome limitations associated with the posterior maxillary region.

Citation

Kolhatkar S, Cabanilla L, Bhola M. Inadequate Vertical Bone Dimension Managed by Bone-added Osteotome Sinus Floor Elevation (BAOSFE): A Literature Review and Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2009 May; (10)3:081-088.
A Comparison of Acrylic and Multilithic Teeth Bond Strengths to Acrylic Denture Base Material
Authors: Mosharraf Ramin , Abed-Haghighi Matin
Published: July 2019

Aim

Debonding of denture teeth from the denture base can be frustrating for both the clinician as well as his or her patients. The wear resistance of composite denture teeth has been well investigated since their introduction, but there have been few studies about the bonding of these teeth to acrylic denture base resins. The aim of this study was to compare the bond strengths of two brands of acrylic and one brand of multilithic denture teeth to acrylic denture base material.

Methods and Materials

In this experimental-laboratory study, three types of denture teeth—Yaghoot, Super Brilian, and Major—were used. After grinding the glossy ridge lap surfaces, the teeth were mounted on two sides of triangularshaped wax models. Then the wax elimination and resin processing laboratory procedures were carried out as is done with the fabrication of a complete denture. Each of the specimens was tested using a universal testing machine with a cross head speed of 5mm/min at an angle of 130 degrees to the long axis of the teeth. The data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Chisquare tests.

Results

The mean bond strength in the Yaghoot group was 717.43±293.59 N while in the Super Brilian group it was 578.40±395.38 and in the Major group, 547.95±296.75N. However, there was no significant difference between the three groups (p=0.194).

Conclusion

Although the mean bond strength in the multilithic group was higher than in the other groups, no significant difference was found between the three groups. There was no significant difference between the three groups with regard to the prevalence and type of fracture site.

Clinical Significance

The bonding strength of multilithic denture teeth to denture base resins was found to be comparable to, and even slightly higher than, acrylic conventional denture teeth, making them a promising choice for clinicians in the fabrication of removable dentures.

Citation

Mosharraf R, Abed-Haghighi M. A Comparison of Acrylic and Multilithic Teeth Bond Strengths to Acrylic Denture Base Material. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2009 Sept; 10(5). Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/ view/a-comparison-of-acrylic-andmultilithic-teethbond- strengths-to-acrylic-den.
The Clinical Outcomes of 234 Spiral Family Implants
Authors: Danza Matteo , Fromovich Ophir , Guidi Riccardo , Carinci Francesco
Published: July 2019

Aim

Spiral family implants (SFIs) are a new type of implant fixture with a conical internal helix and a variable thread design. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of a series of SFIs.

Methods and Materials

A total of 234 SFIs were placed in 86 patients (55 females and 31 males, median age 53 years) during the period between May 2004 and November 2007. The mean followup was 13 months. Several host, surgery, and implant-related factors were investigated, and the Kaplan Meier algorithm and the Cox regression were used to detect variables associated with the clinical outcome.

Results

Only nine out of 234 implants were lost (i.e., survival rate (SVR) of 96.2%) and no differences were detected among the studied variables.

Conclusion

SFIs have a high SVR similar to those reported in previous studies on different implant types.

Clinical Significance

SFIs demonstrated a very high primary stability which offers the potential for use of a specific implant device for immediate loading. However, additional studies are necessary to verify their outcome on the medium/long period.

Citation

Danza M, Formovich O, Guidi R, Carinci F. The Clinical Outcomes of 234 Spiral Family Implants. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2009 Sept; 10(5). Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/ journal/view/the-clinical-outcomes-of-234-spiralfamilyimplants_1.
Histologic Evaluation of the Effects of Er:YAG Laser on Bone Ablation
Authors: Güngörmüş Metin , Akyol Utkan Kamil , Gündogdu Cemal , Erdem Havva
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of the present study was to compare the healing of bone defects created using an Er:YAG laser with those defects created using a surgical bone drill.

Methods and Materials

Fourteen Wistar rats were used for this study. Femurs were perforated with a surgical bone drill, coupled to a micromotor (bur group) to create a bone defect. Another defect was created using a 2940 nm wavelength Er:YAG laser on the same femur (Er:YAG Group). The Er:YAG laser was used with a energy density of 1.5 W in noncontact mode under a water coolant. Incisions were then sutured with polyglycolic acid sutures. Seven rats were sacrificed at day ten and the other seven at day 20 to compare the status of bone repair of each group at those post-surgical intervals. The femurs were fixed with 10% neutral buffered formalin and decalcified in 10% EDTA. The specimens were embedded in paraffin and sectioned at a 5 micron thickness and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain. The specimens were examined at a magnification of X100 and scored using a standardized histologic scoring system.

Results

Stages of bone healing including union, spongioza, cortex, and bone marrow development were evaluated and no significant difference between groups were found at days ten and 20 of healing. There was also no significant difference among the two groups in sum of histologic scores on day ten.

Conclusions

Bone can be ablated effectively and precisely using a Er:YAG laser without the vibration associated with steel surgical burs, but it is a slower process than when burs are used. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of bone repair at ten and 20 day intervals of healing.

Clinical Significance

Within the limits of this study a 2940 nm Er:YAG laser at 1.5 W can be used with confidence in cases requiring effective bone ablation.

Citation

Akyol UK, Güngörmüs M, Gündogdu C, Erdem H. Histologic Evaluation of the Effects of Er:YAG Laser on Bone Ablation. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2009 Sept; 10(5). Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/histologicevaluation- of-the-effectsof-eryag-laser-on-boneablation.
Management of a Type III Dens Invaginatus using a Combination Surgical and Non-surgical Endodontic Therapy: A Case Report
Authors: Hegde Mithra N. , Shetty Aditya , Sagar Rekha
Published: July 2019

Aim

The aim of this report is to present a case of Type III dens invaginatus in a maxillary lateral incisor with a periapical lesion and its successful treatment using a combination of surgical and non-surgical therapy.

Background

The morphology of the root canal system is unique for individual teeth. A precise understanding of the morphology is very important for a successful root canal treatment. Dens invaginatus is a rare dental anomaly that can give rise to many complex anatomical forms. The complete removal of the diseased pulp tissue can be a challenge for clinicians due to the complexity of internal canal anatomy and may require either non-surgical endodontic therapy alone or that therapy may have to be combined with surgical endodontics to achieve an adequate sealing of the root canal system.

Case Report

A 22-year-old male presented for evaluation of a recurrent painless sinus tract in the attached gingiva adjacent to the maxillary right lateral incisor. The tooth responded negatively to vitality tests while the right central incisor responded normally. Clinically an anatomical malformation in the crown was detected in the form of an abnormal bulbous contour of the tooth in the palatal region above the cingulum. Radiograph evaluation confirmed the presence of dens invaginatus and a periapical radiolucent lesion. The patient received combined nonsurgical and surgical endodontic therapy to achieve a favorable outcome.

Complications presented by Type III dens invaginatus and acute periapical abscess necessitated the use of combined non-surgical and surgical endodontic therapy to attain a favorable seal of the root canal. The prognosis at a six-month post-treatment evaluation appeared to be good.

Clinical Significance

Dens invaginatus requires an early diagnosis and treatment. It may result in radicular and periapical pathosis requiring a combined non-surgical and surgical endodontic approach to treatment.

Citation

Hegde MN, Shetty A, Sagar R. Management of a Type III Dens Invaginatus using a Combination Surgical and Non-surgical Endodontic Therapy: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2009 Sept; 10(5). Available from: http://www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/ management-of-a-type-iii-dens-invaginatususinga- combination-surgical-and-.
Serum Immunoglobulin Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Chronic Periodontitis
Authors: Awartani Fatin
Published: July 2019

Aim

The association between diabetes and periodontal disease has been well documented. Periodontitis is associated with alterations in immune responses in both diabetic and nondiabetic subjects. While diabetes is considered to be a risk factor for periodontal disease progression, few studies have demonstrated an association between the level of glycemic control and periodontal disease. Although poor glycemic control is significantly associated with poor periodontal health, few studies have been performed in Saudi Arabia to evaluate the immune responses in poor and better glycemic control and its effect on periodontal tissue. The aim of this study is to assess serum immunoglobulin levels (IgA, IgG, IgM) in type 2 diabetic (poor control and better control) and nondiabetic subjects with chronic periodontitis.

Methods and Materials

A total of 105 female patients were included in the study and they were divided into three groups, with 35 patients in each group. Group 1 was comprised of cases of diabetes exhibiting better control (HbA1c≤9%) and Group 2 was comprised of cases of diabetes exhibiting poorer control (HbA1c>9%). The third group was comprised of nondiabetic subjects with chronic periodontitis. In this study, clinical examination included plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth, and attachment level (measured in all three groups). Serum immunoglobulin (IgA, IgG, IgM) levels were estimated and compared to the levels estimated for diabetic controls.

Results

Mean plaque index, bleeding index, and probing pocket depth showed no significant differences among the three groups. However, mean clinical attachment loss was significantly higher for Group 2 as compared to Groups 1 and 3. IgA and IgG levels were found to be significantly higher in Group 2 (poorly controlled diabetes) as compared to Group 1 (better control) and Group 3 (control group).

There is a positive correlation between CAL and IgA and IgG, whereas there is a negative correlation between CAL and IgM.

Conclusion

The present study indicates that poor glycemic control may be associated with the increase in IgA and IgG serum antibodies. Elevated antibody levels may explain why poorly controlled diabetes exacerbates periodontal disease.

Clinical Significance

These findings demonstrate the importance of the immune system as well as good glycemic control, especially in patients diagnosed with periodontitis. The changes observed in immune response may be the cause or the effect of periodontal disease in diabetic patients. The increased incidence of periodontitis in diabetic patients suggests that the alteration in immune response may contribute to the pathogenesis of periodontitis in patients with poorly controlled diabetes.

Citation

Awartani F. Serum Immunoglobulin Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Chronic Periodontitis. J Contemp Dent Pract [Internet]. 2010 May; 11(3):001-008. Available from: http:// www.thejcdp.com/journal/view/volume11-issue3- awartani.
Effects of a Chewable Sodium Bicarbonate Oral Composition of Plaque and Gingivitis
Authors: McCombs Gayle Bunger , Green Margaret Lappen , Morris Jennifer Root
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate the effects of an effervescent sodium bicarbonate based oral composition on plaque and gingivitis. Subjects selected for this study presented at screening with moderate plaque and American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) Type I/II periodontal status. At baseline, subjects were allocated to one of two groups by simple randomization; placebo (n=16) and active (n=16). During the study two subjects withdrew due to non-compliance and one because of a death in the family. Data were collected at baseline, day 14, and day 28. The Plaque Index (PI) of Silness and Loe was used to quantify the amount of supragingival plaque surrounding six selected teeth (3, 14, 8, 19, 24, 30), and the Gingival Index (GI) of Loe and Silness was used to assess bleeding tendencies and visual appearance on the same six teeth. A soft tissue oral assessment was completed at each visit. Subjects were asked to perform study treatment three times a day, after meals, and continue with normal oral hygiene procedures. Subjects were requested to complete a 28-day diary to assess compliance. Data were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. There were no statistically significant differences between the placebo and the active product groups and no statistical significant interaction between product and location within the mouth or visit for either the plaque or gingival scores. Results reveal the product was safe to oral tissues and was well accepted by subjects.
Pathologic Status and Changes in Mandibular Third Molar Position During Orthodontic Treatment
Authors: Güngörmüş Metin
Published: July 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the changes in mandibular third molar (M3) position and pathologic status associated with M3 in the cases orthodontically treated.

Materials and Methods

This study was carried out on a total of 76 subjects, 42 males and 34 females ranging in age from 18 to 23 years. Thirty of them were treated without extractions (non-extraction group), 26 were treated with the extraction of four first premolars (extraction group), and 20 did not receive orthodontic treatment (control group). Positional changes of third molars and pathologic status associated with M3s in the cases treated orthodontically were evaluated radiographically and clinically. Data were analyzed with parametric and non-parametric tests.

Results

It was clinically observed that 18% of third molars in the non-extraction group and 15% of those in the extraction group erupted in normal position; 83% of third molars in both groups erupted partially in a mesioangular position. However, it was determined that 43% of the teeth that partially erupted developed pericoronitis and 4% had dental caries. It was determined radiographically that there was insufficient space for most of the M3s to erupt in the orthodontically treated cases and the angulations of these teeth were not sufficiently improved.

Conclusions

In this study, it was determined that 83% of the M3s in orthodontically treated cases partially erupted in a mesioangular position and 43% of these teeth were associated with pericoronitis.

Citation

Güngörmüs M. Pathologic Status and Changes in Mandibular Third Molar Position During Orthodontic Treatment. J Contemp Dent Pract 2002 May;(3)2: 011-022.
Mentoring: A Professional Responsibility
Authors: Haisch Mary Ann , Cromley Nora L.
Published: July 2019

Dental and dental hygiene students were surveyed to determine how many students had participated in high school or college career exploration courses sponsored/supported by Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU) School of Dentistry. The participants were asked to identify which aspects of the programs were the most influential in shaping their exploration of a dental or dental hygiene career and why they decided to apply to the dental or dental hygiene program. These aspects included the availability and the cost of the courses, lecture content, hands-on activities in the laboratory, observations in dental offices, mentoring activities of dentists, dental hygienists, dental/dental hygiene students, and perceived value for applicant competitiveness. The faculty evaluated their level of participation in relation to teaching responsibilities and time commitment. An analysis of the direct and indirect costs to the school was examined. Results of the surveys indicated that between 20-42% of the entering classes had participated in one or more career exploration activities or programs. Participants identified mentoring relationships with their current dentist and dental hygienist as the most important factor in determining their decision to choose dentistry or dental hygiene as a career. Observations in dental offices, encouragement from a dental and/or dental hygiene student, hands-on activities, and repetitive positive career experiences were also significant factors.

Citation

Cromley NL, Haisch MA. Mentoring: A Professional Responsibility. J Contemp Dent Pract 2002 August;(3)3: 036-045.
Effects of a Betaine-containing Toothpaste on Subjective Symptoms of Dry Mouth: A Randomized Clinical Trial
Authors: Rantanen Irma , Tenovuo Jorma , Pienihäkkinen Kaisu , Söderling Eva
Published: July 2019

Our aim was to study the effects of mildly flavoured sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS)-containing and detergent-free toothpastes with and without betaine (BET) on subjective symptoms of dry mouth in a randomised clinical trial. BET is an osmoprotectant that reacts with molecules to supply the surface with a water coating that protects cells from surfactants. Twenty-seven xerostomic patients and 18 healthy controls took part in the randomised, double-blind clinical trial with a crossover design. Three mildly flavoured toothpastes: (1) 4% BET, (2) 1% SLS and 4% BET, and (3) 1% SLS were used for six weeks each. The reference or washout paste contained neither SLS nor BET. The subjects’ dental appointments were at the beginning of the trial and before and after the use of each toothpaste. At each appointment, the subjects were interviewed about subjective sensations of dry mouth (Visual Assessment Scoring (VAS) Index). The subjects did not report any adverse effects in connection with the use of the toothpastes. The VAS scores for lip dryness and eating difficulties were significantly lower for the BET paste (lip dryness: BET<BET+SLS; p < 0.005 and eating difficulties: BET<BET+SLS; p = 0.02; BET<reference; p = 0.003). The BET paste relieved dry mouth symptoms in 44% of the xerostomic patients, the corresponding figures for the other pastes being BET+SLS 22% (p = 0.002 as compared with BET), SLS 18% (p = 0.022), and reference 7% (p = 0.000). In conclusion, all the mildly flavoured toothpastes used in this study were well accepted by the xerostomic subjects. Thus, other toothpaste components may be more mucosa-irritating than just SLS, or else they enhance the effect of SLS. The detergent-free, BET-containing toothpaste appeared to be associated with relief of some symptoms of dry mouth.

Citation

Rantanen I, Tenovuo J, Pienihäkkinen K, et. al. Effects of a betaine-containing toothpaste on subjective symptoms of dry mouth, a randomised clinical trial. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 May;(4)2:011-023.
Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma: Report of Case
Authors: Ertaş Ümit , Büyükkurt M. Cemil , Çiçek Yasin
Published: July 2019

Benign fibrous histiocytoma is a rare and usually painless oral neoplasm found in adults that may affect either soft tissue or bone typically noted in their fifth decade. This case was found in a 32 year-old Caucasian male who presented with a fairly well circumscribed unilocular radiolucent lesion extending from the mandibular right first incisor to the left first premolar and reaching the inferior mandible on a panoramic radiograph. A bony window was created and the intrabony lesion was curetted. Multiple sections revealed a cellular tumor composed of uniform spindle-shaped cells arranged in a prominent whorled or storiform pattern. Scattered xanthoma cells, multinucleated giant cells, lymphocytes, and deposits of hemosiderin were noted throughout the lesional stroma. Although malignant fibrous histiocytoma of the bone is relatively well known, benign fibrous histiocytoma of the bone is very rare.

Citation

Ertas U, Büyükkurt MC. Benign Fibrous Histiocytoma: Report of Case. J Contemp Dent Pract 2003 May;(4)2:074-079.
Remineralization Potential of a New Toothpaste Formulation: An In-Vitro Study
Authors: Muñoz Carlos A. , Torrado Anna , Valiente Manuel , Zhang Wu , Li Yiming
Published: July 2019

The aim of the present study was to determine the ability of a dentifrice containing a mixture of ion-exchange resins (named NMTD), which supplies calcium, fluoride, phosphate, and zinc ions, to promote remineralization and/or inhibit demineralization of dental human enamel in a pH cycling model in vitro. A fluoride toothpaste was used as the control. The enamel specimens were tested for microhardness before and after 10 days and 16 days of the demineralizing and remineralizing treatments. The results of this study showed both dentifrices were effective in limiting in vitro enamel demineralization although the effects were not significantly different from each other. Inclusion of calcium and phosphate ion-exchange resins in the dentifrice containing a fluoride ion-exchange resin maintained a similar net outcome of the conventional dentifrice in the demineralization/ remineralization process under the experimental conditions employed.

Citation

Torrado A, Valiente M, Zhang W, et. al. Remineralization Potential of a New Toothpaste Formulation: An In-Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2004 February;(5)1:018-030.
Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) on Healing Bone Defects: A Histological Study in Rabbits
Authors: Asian Muzaffer , Şimşek Göksel , Dayi Ertunҫ
Published: July 2019

In this study, the effects of guided bone regeneration (GBR) on the healing of bone defects were evaluated. Resorbable membranes were placed in experimentally formed cavities in the right posterior tibia of 30 rabbits. Decalcified histological sections were evaluated using optical microscopy at 10, 20, and 30 days after GBR. Osteocondrial bone union, active bone formation and spongiosal bone formation values of the GBR group are higher than the control group. It was found that GBR technique had a positive and accelerating influence in all phases of bone healing.

Citation

Aslan M, Şimşek G, Dayi E. Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR) on Healing Bone Defects: A Histological Study in Rabbits. J Contemp Dent Pract 2004 May;(5)2:114-123.
Examiner Agreement in the Replacement Decision of Class I Amalgam Restorations
Authors: Ermiş R. Banu , Aydin Ulkem
Published: July 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate interexaminer and intraexaminer agreement in the replacement decision for Class I amalgam restorations. Three examiners evaluated the restorations clinically and with bitewing radiographs. One hundred and twelve restorations were evaluated for secondary caries, body fracture, deficient anatomic form (contour), ditched margins, and marginal overhangs. After one month, the assessments were repeated by the same examiners under the same conditions. Cohen's Kappa analysis was used to analyze the data. The number of replacement decisions varied from 12 to 27 and from 6 to 14 at the first and second evaluations, respectively. The Kappa statistics indicated “moderate” to “substantial” consistency for interexaminer and intraexaminer agreement in the replacement decisions based on clinical and radiographical examinations. Restorations with deficient anatomic form and marginal overhangs presented the most frequent diagnostic difficulties and lead to disagreement among examiners. The most frequently mentioned reasons for replacement were the restorations had ditched margins at both clinical evaluation periods and secondary caries was detected during radiographical evaluations. In the absence of agreement among examiners, clinical and radiographic guidelines are necessary for replacing Class I amalgam restorations.

Citation

Ermiş RB, Aydin U. Examiner Agreement in the Replacement Decision of Class I Amalgam Restorations. J Contemp Dent Pract 2004 May;(5)2:081-092.
The Effects of Different Application Techniques and Orifices on the Amount of Dentifrice Dispensed
Authors: Ölmez Ayşegül , Tüfekcioğlu Dilek , Erdemli Elgin
Published: July 2019

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to evaluate three different methods (ST: Standard technique; PS: Pea-size; TT: Transverse technique) for dentifrice use in children between 5-7 years of age, as well as to compare the amount of dentifrice dispensed by using tubes with different orifices (cresent or round shaped).

Methods and Materials

One hundred children who dispensed the dentifrice themselves were asked to apply the quantity of dentifrice they usually used (ST or TT) (Phase-I). In Phase-II they were instructed to apply a PS amount, and in Phase III the TT was demonstrated. Statistical analysis was obtained by using Anova and t-test.

Results

Most of the children (82 patients) preferred to use the ST rather than the TT (18 patients). A decrease in the dentifrice amount was obtained with both of the shaped orifices after the instruction of PS or demonstration of the TT (p< 0.05). It was observed the amount of dentifrice dispended decreased when a cresent-shaped orifice was used.

Conclusion

Children usually preferred to use the ST rather than the TT before the instruction or demonstration by the operator. The amount of dentifrice dispensed generally decreased when a dentifrice tube with a crescentshaped orifice was used.

Citation

Ölmez A, Tüfekciogğlu D, Erdemli E. The Effects of Different Application Techniques and Orifices on the Amount of Dentifrice Dispensed. J Contemp Dent Pract 2004 August;(5)3:074-081.
Modified Approach to the Bio-Col Ridge Preservation Technique: A Case Report
Authors: Fowler Edward B. , Whicker Robert
Published: July 2019

With today's esthetic conscious population, the day of simply extracting a tooth and replacing it at a later date is unacceptable to many patients. It is vital to preserve and maintain the edentulous ridge and normal gingival architecture, which often collapses after tooth extraction. As clinicians, we must have multiple techniques available to preserve or restore the function and esthetics when teeth are unrestorable. This case report describes a modified approach to the “Bio-Col Technique.” This modification simplifies the procedure without compromising the esthetic result.

Citation

Fowler EB, Whicker R. Modified Approach to the Bio-Col Ridge Preservation Technique: A Case Report . J Contemp Dent Pract 2004 August;(5)3:082-096.
Restoration of a Loose Implant Supported Crown: A Case Report
Authors: Green Lawrence K. , Lee Sung Y.
Published: July 2019

Cement-retained, single unit implant supported restorations have become a popular method to treat single tooth edentulous spaces. Occasionally, the clinician is faced with the situation in which the restoration demonstrates mobility. This case report describes the treatment rendered to a patient who presented with a chief complaint of a “loose implant” that had been restored with a cemented PFM crown on a screw retained abutment.

Citation

Green LK, Lee SY. Restoration of a Loose Implant Supported Crown: A Case Report. J Contemp Dent Pract 2004 August;(5)3:097-107.
An Unusual Foreign Body (Suturing Needle) in the Tonsillar Region
Authors: Gündüz Kaan , Çelenk Peruze , Kayipmaz Saadettin
Published: July 2019

This case report describes the presence of a foreign body (surgical needle) in the tonsillar area. The needle was overlooked during surgery. Following the surgery, the patient had no pain or other complaints related to the surgical site. There are only a few reported cases of forgotten surgical materials in operation sites in the literature.1

Citation

Gündüz K, Çelenk P, Kayipmaz S . An Unusual Foreign Body (Suturing Needle) in the Tonsillar Region. J Contemp Dent Pract 2004 November;(5)4:148-154.