bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Norman Site: Descriptions
Authors: Albert Lois E.
Published: March 2019

The Norman site (34WG2) lay on a terrace on the west side of the Neosho (Grand) River in Wagoner County, Oklahoma. Throughout much of its course within Oklahoma, this river flows along the western boundary of the Ozark Uplift. East of the river, the limestones, shales, and sandstones deposited during the Upper Mississippian and Pennsylvanian geological periods form the Boston Mountains and the Springfield Plateau. Several of these formations contain knappable cherts, often of good quality. West of the river, the Mississippian and Pennsylvanian deposits thin and dip under the surface to form the Prairie Plains Province, characterized by low, east-facing escarpments. Sandstone and shale bedrocks underlie the Prairie-Plains Province. The streams flowing eastward across these are muddy and sluggish.
Chemical Analysis of Caddo Pottery: A Request for Assistance in the Study of Prehistoric Caddo Trade and Exchange with Their Neighbors, Both Near and Far
Authors: Perttula Timothy K.
Published: March 2019

The prehistoric Caddoan archeological record contains a diverse set of evidence on the nature of trade and exchange conducted by the Caddo with their neighbors, both near and far. I am interested in studying the scope, timing, and direction of trade/exchange between Caddo groups and surrounding non-Caddo communities, and in exploring changes in the nature of social and economic relationships between particular Caddo groups and with other prehistoric peoples.
Archeological Investigations on the Weyerhaeuser Land Exchange Sites, McCurtain County, Oklahoma: An Update
Authors: Etchieson Meeks
Published: March 2019

This paper provides a brief overview of the testing work completed to date on sites within the Tiak Ranger District. Ouachita National Forest. McCurtain County, Oklahoma. This work was part of the requirements outlined in the Programmatic Agreement for the Ouachita National Forest/Weyerhaeuser Company Land Exchange. Nine prehistoric sites have been tested to determine their eligibility for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places. Each site contains a Caddoan component. Six sites are believed to be eligible for listing.
Preliminary Report on Cherokee County, Oklahoma Archeology
Authors: Howard Lynn E.
Published: March 2019

Cherokee County is the latest in the state to have its prehistoric conditions investigated by the Department of Anthropology at the University of Oklahoma, in conjunction with the Federal Works Projects Administration. The preliminary survey located several likely sites. Work was begun in July 1939 on a village site and mound located at the junction of Barren Fork Creek and the Illinois River, on a farm owned by M.L. Brackett. It is located in the southwest quarter of Section 18, Township 16 North, Range 23 East. The symbol for this site is Ck. Bk. 1 (Cherokee County, Brackett site.
Initial Findings from the Archeological Investigations of the Hardin A Site (41GG69), Gregg County, Texas
Authors: Boyd Bryan E. , Perttula Timothy K.
Published: March 2019

The Hardin A site (41GG69) is a prehistoric Caddo Indian settlement located on a high terrace overlooking the Sabine River flood-plain in Gregg County, Texas. The modem channel of the river is about 650 m to the south, and there is a small, intermittent tributary ca. 180 m to the west. The senior author discovered the Hardin A site in 1997, after he was told about it by informants who were looting a midden and cemetery area, and he formally recorded it in February 2000.

In an effort to better understand the temporal and archeological context of the prehistoric Caddo occupation at the Hardin A site, limited hand excavations (Unit 1, a l x 2 m unit) were completed in the midden area by the senior author, with the assistance of Mark Walters, Texas Archeological Steward, in the spring of 2000. That work exposed deep (+90 cm) archeological deposits in a sandy loam soil with some preserved midden, as well as part of a pit feature in the northern and eastern part of the unit. The pit feature extended to approximately 160 cm below surface (bs), and contained dark brown to very dark grayish-brown fill with large amounts of ceramics (including about 50 decorated sherds), animal bone, and charred plant remains (especially hickory nutshells). Analyses are ongoing on these remains. In this paper, we discuss the results of our radiocarbon and oxidizable carbon ratio (OCR) studies in the Hardin A midden.
Phelps Lake and Jim Burt: Two Middle Woodland Period Mounds in Northwestern Louisiana
Authors: Girard Jeffery S.
Published: March 2019

Clarence Webb defined the pre-Caddoan Bellevue focus on the basis of investigations at several isolated mounds located in upland settings in northwestern Louisiana. With the exception of the Bellevue Site (16B04), little detailed information is available about these mounds. Most were excavated many years ago and few notes, photographs, or other records exist This paper describes the results of recent cleaning of an old excavation trench through one of the Bellevue focus sites the Phelps Lake Mound (16B024). The work has provided a relatively detailed look at the mound strata. A radiocarbon assay on a sample of charcoal underlying the mound constitutes one of the few chronometric dates from a Bellevue focus context. Also discussed briefly is the Jim Burt Site (16B023), where a radiocarbon assay was obtained on charcoal recovered near the mound.
Book Reviews: The Hasinais: Southern Caddoans As Seen by the Earliest Europeans
Authors: Perttula Timothy K.
Published: March 2019

The writing and eventual publication of The Hasinais by Herbert Eugene Bolton, the founder of Spanish borderlands studies, has had a long and storied journey that is well-laid out in an introduction by Russell Magnaghi, the editor of the original 1987 hardback and 2002 paperback editions of the book. Bolton became interested in the Hasinai Caddo peoples of East Texas shortly after he arrived at The University of Texas at Austin in 1901, as he became aware “that American history had always involved the Indians and that, as he began to study southwestern history, he also had to study the ethnology of the region." Through various twists and turns, he had the present book-length manuscript virtually completely written and ready for submittal to the Smithsonian Institution in 1907. Unfortunately, the manuscript was then put aside by Bolton as he moved on to other borderlands historical work on the West Coast and California and he never completed it. Parts of it were used by William J. Griffith, one of Bolton’s students, in his 1942 dissertation “The Spanish Occupation of the Hasinai Country, 1690-1737,” and then in a later monograph on the Hasinai, but it was Russell Magnaghi who took up the task of editing the book manuscript in 1971.
Hatchel Site and Paul Mitchell Cemetery
Authors: Jackson A. T.
Published: March 2019

A WPA-University of Texas archaeological unit excavated in the vicinity of Texarkana from November 1, 1938, to August 25, 1939, on the A. J. Hatchel place [41BW3], Bowie County. During that time a large earthen mound and adjacent cemeteries were excavated under the direction of William C. Beatty, Jr.

The mound, 190 x 145 x 30 feet, was located on what seemed to be an old channel of Red River about a mile from the present stream. The site was part of an extensive village, perhaps related to other mound and village groups within a radius of three miles. The entire area, which contains nine or more mounds, shows evidence of long-continued occupation by fairly large numbers. The Hatchel mound had long served as a place of refuge for livestock in periods of overflow.
The James Owens Site (41TT769) in the Sulphur River Basin of Northeast Texas
Authors: Walters Mark , Boyd Bryan , Nelson Bo , Schniebs LeeAnna , Perttula Timothy K.
Published: March 2019

The James Owens site (41TT769) is an apparent Middle to Late Caddoan settlement that was investigated in June 2001 at the request of the landowner, Mr. James Owens of Irving, Texas. The landowner is planning on building a house here in the future, and during the course of clearing the land and constructing a gravel drive way to the future house site, he noted some archeological materials on the surface. Discussions between Mr. Owens, Bryan Boyd (Texas Archeological Steward Network), and Mark Parsons, regional archeologist for the Texas Historical Commission, led to the limited investigations reported on here. The work we conducted was designed to obtain information on the age and content of the James Owens site, and determine what further archeological steps might be necessary to preserve the site and the information it contains.

The James Owens site is situated on a small and heavily overgrown natural rise near the edge of an expanse of “moundy uplands” in the Post Oak Savannah. Immediately to the south is a flat stream terrace and floodplain of White Oak Creek, a tributary of the Sulphur River, and the current channel of White Oak Creek lies about 4 km to the south of the site. At the time of the 2001 investigations, the rise had been partially cleared by the landowner, with a gravel road leading from a Farm-to-Market road to the site itself. Lithic and ceramic artifacts were visible on the surface in the clearing.
Excavation of an Earth Mound, Bowie County, Texas
Authors: Jackson A. T.
Published: March 2019

This large artificial mound is known as Site ET-30, A.J. Hatchel place [41BW3], Bowie County. The mound, located on what seems to be an old channel of Red River about one mile from the present stream, is part of an extensive village, perhaps related to other mound and village groups within a radius of three miles. The entire area, containing nine or more mounds, shows evidence of long-continued occupation by fairly large numbers of people. Judging from its size, and the surrounding indications of a large village, this particular mound may have been the early cultural center of the region. The mound has long been a prominent landmark, and in historic times has served as a place of refuge for livestock in periods of overflow.

Clarence B. Moore, while exploring archeological sites along Red River in Arkansas in 1912, heard of the mound and navigated the Red River to that point to inspect the site. He was unable to make necessary arrangements with the landowner, and hence did no work in the mound.
A Spatial Analysis Approach to Understanding Caddoan Mounds in the Arkansas River Drainage
Authors: Vogel Gregory
Published: March 2019

In this article I present a theoretical framework for understanding Caddoan mounds in the central Arkansas River drainage and the implications they may hold for the social structure and environmental adaptations of the people who made them. The power and efficiency of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) modeling now allows for large-scale, computationally intensive spatial analysis simply not possible before. Questions of landscape organization or spatial relationships that previously would have taken months or even years to answer can now be solved in a matter of minutes with GIS and related technologies, given the appropriate datasets. Quite importantly, though, such analyses must first be placed in context and theory if they are to be meaningful additions to our understanding of the past.

While it is conventional to refer to “GIS analysis” (and I use the term in this article), it is important to keep in mind that data manipulations alone are not analysis. GIS, along with statistical software and related computer technologies, are tools of spatial analysis just as shovels and trowels are tools of excavation. Such tools can organize and reveal information if they are employed carefully, but the tools themselves have no agency and cannot interpret anything on their own. The terms “GIS analysis” or “GIS interpretation” are therefore somewhat misnomers, just as “trowel analysis” or “trowel interpretation” would be. It is not the GIS, or any component of it, that does the analysis or interpretation; it simply manipulates spatial data. We interpret these manipulations based upon theoretical background, previous research, and the questions we wish to answer.
Caddo Archives and Economies
Authors: Marceaux Paul S.
Published: March 2019

This article is a discussion of archival research on contact through historic period (ca. A.D. 1519 to 18th century) Caddo groups in eastern Texas and west central Louisiana. First, I describe general objectives for current and long-term research on the Caddo Indians, followed by the central issues the article will address. A brief summary of protohistoric and historic events, actors, and sources will be followed by methodological considerations, as well as a discussion of Caddo economies, concluding with some reflections on Caddo archives and economies. This article explores the complex and interrelated economies of Native American and European populations during the colonization process in early Spanish Texas.
Mapping a Novaculite Quarry in Hot Springs National Park
Authors: Trubitt Mary B.
Published: March 2019

Novaculite quarries in the Ouachita Mountains of Arkansas and Oklahoma were created through largescale extraction of lithic raw materials, used for stone tools by Caddos and other Native Americans over the past 11,000 years and in recent centuries by Euro-Americans for whetstones. Quarry sites are characterized by surface features like large pits. trenches, battered boulders, and debris piles. This article summarizes the results of an Arkansas Archeological Survey research project that described and mapped surface features at one site (3GA22J to provide a better understanding of the problems and potential of documenting novaculite quarries.
The Lake Clear (41SM243) Site and Crotalus horridus atricaudatus
Authors: Walters Mark
Published: March 2019

I fell heir to a collection of prehistoric Caddo sherds from my late Uncle Sam Whiteside and a location on a 7.5’ topographic map labeled Lake Clear. Sam Whiteside during the period from the mid-1950s to the late 1960s was very active in the East Texas area working through the old East Texas Archeological Society headquartered in Tyler, Texas.

The name Lake Clear was vaguely familiar but a check of local maps failed to reveal its location. However, an older map jolted my memory. The lake had been built on east Mill Creek west of Winona, Texas, as a club lake. For some reason, the project was abandoned after a short period of time and the lake was drained and turned into pasture. Although I have never even visited the site location, but did record it in 2000, I felt that writing this article was justified in order to (1) describe this interesting collection of Caddo sherds and (2) compare one aspect of the sherds—the engraved rattlesnake motif found on several Lake Clear sherds—to other known examples in the Caddo archeological area. This was not a new idea but had been hashed around in prior years by Tim Perttula, Tom Middlebrook, and the late Jim Corbin, among others. Tim Perttula was especially helpful in sharing his notes. Perhaps the most important part of research is knowing when to stop. I realize that other examples of the rattlesnake motif in Caddo pottery will appear in the future, hopefully spurred on by this article, and if someone else would like to take up the subject where I have left off, I would be pleased.
An Account of the Birth and Growth of Caddo Archeology, as Seen by Review of 50 Caddo Conferences, 1946-2008
Authors: Davis Hester A. , Davis E. Mott
Published: March 2019

Any 50th anniversary should be noticed as a milestone of some sort, whether of a person or a thing. In this case, any of you who can subtract will recognize that from 1946, when the first Caddo Conference occurred, to 2008 is more than 50 years. This is because between 1946 and 1965, there were only eight meetings, and we ran out of things to talk about (or people to agree to host the meetings) and did not meet in 1969. After the 12th meeting in 1970, we have managed to have a meeting every year, and we have maintained a pattern of meeting in a different state of the four encompassing our research area, or at least a different host institution (see Appendix I).

We have maintained flexibility by not organizing: no constitution/by-laws, no officers, no members, and no 501c(3) status. This is not uncommon amongst regional archeological conferences, although several have felt the need for more structure as their attendance and publications grew.
Two Shell Gorgets from Southwest Arkansas
Authors: Trubitt Mary B.
Published: March 2019

Recently, there has been great interest in marine shell gorgets from the Mississippian period Southeast, not only in identifying styles or types and their geographic distributions, but in refining the chronology of engraved shell gorgets and other artwork. There have also been new studies looking at iconography of the engraved shell art, such as Reilly’s work on the petaloid motif on Spiro shell cups as a locative that indicates a celestial location for depicted objects, individuals, or events, and Lankford’s examination of Cox Mound and Hixon style gorgets as cosmological models portrayed on shell in plan and profile.
Caddo Pottery from Eight Sites in the Middle Ouachita River Valley
Authors: Trubitt Mary Beth D.
Published: March 2019

Documentation and analysis of ceramic vessels in the Joint Educational Consortium's Hodges Collection has focused on reconstructing grave lots based on notes left by amateur archeologist Vere Huddleston in the 1930s and 1940s. Despite problems with the data, we can glean useful information from this collection. Here, l describe Caddo pottery and other artifacts in grave lots from eight sites in Clark and Hot Spring counties of west-central Arkansas. l then order the grave lots in time based on stylistic and technological characteristics (seriation) to re.ftne the ceramic chronology of the Middle Ouachita River valley and compare mortuary assemblages through time and across space.
Current Research: Analysis of ceramic vessel residues from the Washington Square Mound Site (41NA49) for evidence of peyote use by the Caddo in the 13th-15th centuries A.D.
Authors: Perttula Timothy , Terry Martin
Published: March 2019

In 2012, Perttula requested permission from to the Caddo Nation of Oklahoma's Repatriation Committee to analyze small samples (ca. 1-2 grams of ceramic paste, or sherds ca. 1-2 square centimeters in size) from the paste of five vessels from Features 31 and 95 at the Washington Square Mound site (41NA49) (Perttula et al. 2010) in East Texas to identify residue traces of the Caddo's use of peyote in the 13th-15th centuries A.D. The Caddo Nation of Oklahoma gave their permission to conduct these ceramic vessel residue studies.
Current Research: Spiro and Caddoan Connections on the Northern Frontier of Southwest Missouri
Authors: Ray Jack
Published: March 2019

Excavations during the construction of Table Rock Lake in the late 1950s resulted in a proposition that there was a colonization of peoples into the upper White River drainage from Caddoan areas to the southwest (Chapman 1980; Chapman et al. 1960). This colonization, which resulted in the formulation of the Loftin phase, is widely accepted today (O'Brien and Wood 1998; Perttula 1983, 1989; Sabo and Early 1990). Later, James Brown (1984) exposed the myth that the southwestern Ozarks was a cultural enclave that lagged behind Mississippian developments in other parts of the Trans-Mississippi South.
Report: Abstracts from the 2018 Caddo Conference in Idabel, Oklahoma
Authors: Regnier Amanda
Published: March 2019

The 2018 Caddo Conference was held March 8-10, 2018 at the Museum of the Red River in Idabel, Oklahoma. Fifty attendees registered for the conference. The conference began with a reception at the museum on Thursday evening. On Friday, the program included eight papers and presentations covering archaeological work in Texas and Oklahoma and a longer presentation on the rebuilding of the Caddo house at Caddo Mounds State Park in Texas. A poster session was also held on Friday afternoon. Conference attendees were given a tour of the collections housed at the museum, which include a large collection of Caddo vessels and objects from all over the world. Friday ended with dances by the Metro Oklahoma City (OKC) Caddo Culture Club, beginning with the Turkey Dance and a delicious barbecue dinner held at the museum. On Saturday, the eight presentations covered sites in Arkansas and Oklahoma, Spiro iconography, and included a presentation on the Spiro exhibit forthcoming at the Cowboy and Western Heritage Museum in Oklahoma City. Just before breaking for lunch on Saturday, Caddo Culture Club and Metro OKC Caddo Culture Club members led a song using the large drum on exhibit in the museum.
A Preliminary Comparison of Two Caddo Mound Sites in Southwest Arkansas
Authors: Trubitt Mary Beth
Published: March 2019

Previous Arkansas Archeological Survey excavations at the Hedges site in the Ouachita River valley and the Hughes site in the Saline River valley uncovered evidence of burned structures adjacent to the mounds. An overview of the artifact analyses indicates that the sites were roughly contemporaneous, with intensive use by ancestral Caddo Indians during the Late Caddo period, between the AD 1400s and 1600s. This presentation summarizes the research findings to emphasize comparisons in timing, activities, and community plans.
Nosocomial infections caused by bacteria of Enterobacteriacae family in cancer clinic
Authors: Dmitrieva N. V. , Aginova V. V. , Petukhova I. N. , Grigorievskaya Z. V. , Dmitrieva А. I. , Bagirova N. S. , Tereshchenko I. V. , Khmaladze Е. N.
Published: March 2019

The purpose of the study was to analyze the prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens (Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia) isolated from cancer patients. material and methods. 862 strains of E. coli and 1 461 strains of K. pneumoniae isolated from wound, blood, urine and other pathological materials from cancer patients treated at N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology (Moscow) between 2014 and 2016 were analyzed. results. Over the last 3 years, there has been a significant increase in the number of E.coli resistant to piperacillin-tazobactam (from 8.1 to 25 %), ceftriaxone (from 15.7 to 100 %), ertapenem (from 8.1 to 97.7 %), and amikacin (c 4.5 to 14.6 %). The number of E. coli producing carbapenemases has increased from 5.8 to 20.8 % (p≤0.0001). Among K. pneumoniae, a significant increase in the number of strains resistant to piperacillin-tazobactam (from 59.7 to 89.7 %), ceftazidime (from 62.8 to 82.8 %), ceftriaxone (from 62.8 to 100 %), cefepime (from 63.1 to 83.8 %), ertapenem (from 62.1 to 100 % ), imipenem (from 30.0 to 81.0 %), and meropenem (from 53.9 to 86.8% ) is observed. conclusion. Evaluation of the frequency of isolation of MDR microorganisms over time is an essential element of epidemiological surveillance and is necessary for the correct treatment of patients with infectious complications.
Activation of interferon-α signaling by resveratrol, genistein and quercetin
Authors: Vlasova O. A. , Borunova A. A. , Safina A. , Smetanina I. V. , Lesovaya E. A. , Belitsky G. A. , Zabotina T. N. , Gurova K. , Kirsanov K. I. , Yakubovskaya M. G.
Published: March 2019

Resveratrol, genistein and quercetin from the group of polyphenols from secondary plant metabolites reveal cancer preventive and antivirus effects realized via their pleiotropic influence on the different macromolecules in cells. These compounds can interact with DNA without the formation of covalent bonds. This process is usually followed by changes in spatial, physical-chemical and structural DNA characteristics that can result in disfunction of DNA metabolism enzymes and chromatin destabilization. Similar effects were described for anticancer drug Curaxine CBL0137 in association with activation of interferon-α signaling. We demonstrated dose-dependent stimulating effects of resveratrol, genistein and quercetin on interferon-α signaling using HeLa cells expressed mCherry protein with interferon-stimulated response elements (ISRE) in promoter. Furthermore, it was shown by live-cell fluorescent microscopy in HT1080 cells with mCherry-labeled histone H1.5 that described polyphenols induced the redistribution of this linker histone in cell nuclei. The data obtained suggest an existence of DNA-dependent mechanism of anticancer effects of plant polyphenols and a need for further study of crosslinks between the polyphenols’ influence on chromatin structure and the changes in genome function, in particular, induction of interferon- interferon-α signaling.
Ultrasound scan in planning surgery for cutaneous melanoma of the extremities
Authors: Maksimova N. A. , Przhedetsky Yu. V. , Khokhlova O. V. , Pozdnyakova V. V. , Ilchenko M. G. , Maksimova M. I.
Published: March 2019

We performed a retrospective analysis of ultrasound scans in 42 patients with cutaneous melanoma of the extremities in planning the closure of skin defects with skin fascial island flaps supplied by perforating vessels. First, the primary melanoma focus was scanned by ultrasound to reveal characteristics of the skin, tumor and adjacent tissues. Then we detected perforating vessels to mark them and to select the sites for the island flaps. Ultrasound examination was performed using the IU 22 PHILIPS, GE Logiq E9 and Supersonic imagine AIxPLORER MultiWave Systems with linear multi-frequency sensors (517 MHz) in the B-mode, color and power Doppler to visualize the blood flow. We clarified the criteria of the necessary and sufficient parameters according to Doppler ultrasound visualization for surgical treatment of cutaneous melanoma of the extremities by the suggested method in preoperative period, as well as monitoring of the flap state after surgery. The transfer of flaps on perforating vessels did not cause blood flow disorders in them: the mean arterial blood flow velocity was 13.1 ± 4.7 cm/sec before surgery and 12.8 ± 5.4 cm/sec after it. The maximal venous flow velocity was on average 7.0 ± 1.3 cm/sec before surgery and 6.2 ± 0.8 cm/sec after it. Thus, triplex ultrasound significantly facilitates the selection and individual design of the flap with the inclusion of feeding vessels of sufficient potential, helps in planning the operation, reduces the risk of failure and improves the results of treatment. This method contributes to the radicalization of surgical intervention with a simultaneous decrease in the risk of postoperative complications and acceleration of medical and social rehabilitation of patients.
Social responsibility as a factor in ensuring the competitiveness of a business organization
Authors: Kitsak Taras
Published: March 2019

The article investigates manifestations, trends and dominants of the concept of social responsibility of business; its impact on balanced social development has been determined. The active role of social responsibility in ensuring the stability and competitiveness of business processes has been substantiated. The aim of the research is to determine the impact of socially responsible practices on the socio-economic development of a business organization in modern conditions. The author determined his own interpretation of corporate social responsibility after having researched its essence and its impact on social and business processes. The list of potential benefits for a business organization from realization of social investments has been specified and supplemented. The content and essence of the construct of a socially responsible organization which focuses on the development and successful functioning in a dynamic market environment have been distinguished. The sphere of interaction of the business organization with the main stakeholders has been analyzed and potential directions of establishing a constructive dialogue that will have a positive impact on the stability and success of business processes have been outlined. Sociological research on the evaluation of the perception of social responsibility by business organizations in Ukraine and awareness of its values, trends and benefits has been analyzed. Conclusions regarding directions of strengthening of forming the environment of facilitating the spreading of the concept of corporate social responsibility have been justified. Keywords: corporate social responsibility, stakeholders, balanced social development, socially responsible practices, social investments, social reporting.
John Cunningham Virus T-Antigen Expression on Mild and Severe Dysplasia Adenomatous Polyp, Low and High Grade Adenocarcinoma of The Colon
Authors: Harjanti Dyonesia Ary , Murtono Cyprianus , Suryawinata Kidyarto , Halim Angelina , Wiryokusuma Michelle Felicia , Djitro Timotius Benedict
Published: March 2019

Background: John Cunningham Virus (JCV) was involved in pre-malignant lessions and carcinogenesis of the colon. The purpose of this study was to detect and analyze JCV T-Ag expression in mild and severe dysplasia adenomatous polyp as well as low and high grade adenocarcinoma of the colon.Materials and Methods: This study used analytic descriptive, cross sectional approach. The samples’ paraffin blocks were taken from colon adenomatous polyp cases (all grades of dysplasia) and cases of colon adenocarcinoma (all degrees) at Anatomical Pathology Laboratory, School of Medicine, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia from 2010-2014 (5 years period). Samples were reviewed from HE slides to determine histopathologic diagnosis, grades of dysplasia and grading. We performed immunohistochemistry staining with monoclonal antibody anti–SV 40-T-Ag to detect JCV T-Ag expression.Results: We found 7 cases of colon adenomatous polyp, of which 4 (57%) were mild dysplasia and 3 (43%) were severe dysplasia. Positive expression of JCV T-Ag was detected in 1 (14%) mild dysplasia case. Data analysis using Fischer’s Exact Test was p>0.05. We also found 16 cases of colon adenocarcinoma. 14 cases (87.5%) of low grade variant and 2 cases (12.5%) of high grade variant. Positive expression of JCV T-Ag was detected in 2 (12.5%) low grade cases. Data analysis using Fischer’s Exact Test was p>0.05.Conclusion: There was no difference of JCV T-Ag expression in colon adenomatous polyp (mild-severe dysplasia) and colon adenocarcinoma (low-high grade) cases at Anatomical Pathology Laboratory School of Medicine, Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia 2010-2014.Keywords: colon adenomatous polyp, adenocarcinoma, JCV T-Ag
Ultrastructure-based Insights on Anti-Trichomonas vaginalis Effects of Selected Egyptian Red Sea Marine Resources
Authors: Tawfeek G.M. , Elwakil H.S. , Sarhan R.M.
Published: March 2019

Background:

Metronidazole is used for the treatment of trichomoniasis. However, a growing number of Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis) isolates are now resistant, which is an urgent issue to search for new alternatives. Worldwide marine pharmacy confirms the enormous potential of sea species as a source of novel pharmaceuticals.

Objective:

This study aimed to investigate the anti-T. vaginalis activities of ethanolic extracts of Red Sea marine resources, soft corals; Sarcophyton glaucum and Litophyton arboreum and methanolic extracts of Red Sea brown algae; Liagora farinosa, Colpomenia sinuosa, Hydroclathrus clathratus, and Sargassum graminifolium, as well as sea cucumber (Holothuria fuscocinerea) and sea urchin (Echinometra mathaei). T. vaginalis growth inhibition was determined using 2 concentrations for each marine extract 10 and 100 µg/ml in comparison to media control. Drugs that showed good initial activity were further tested to calculate their IC50 in comparison to metronidazole. The ultrastructural impact of the more effective extracts was further assessed.

Results:

H. clathratus, L. farinose, sea urchin E. mathaei and sea cucumber H. fuscocinerea reduced the growth of T. vaginalis effectively and showed high activity with IC50 of 0.985±0.08, 0.949±0.04, 0.845±0.09 and 0.798±µg/ml±SD, respectively. Concerning microscopic analysis, marine extract and metronidazole-treated cells presented similar morphological changes. The nuclear membrane was damaged, the nuclei were dissolved, the rough endoplasmic reticulum was widened, and the chromatin was accumulated. In the cytoplasm, numerous autophagic vacuoles appeared, the organelles were disintegrated, the flagella were internalized and hydrogenosomes with altered morphologies were observed. The cell membrane was partially damaged, with cytoplasmic leakage and cell disintegration.

Conclusion:

This study describes the report on the activity and morphological changes induced by Egyptian Red Sea marine resources against T. vaginalis. The results obtained herein presented new opportunitiess. Further, bio-guided fractionation and isolation of active compounds are needed.
The Development and Psychometric Evaluation of a Questionnaire on the Nurses’ Recognition of Elder Abuse by Family Caregiver
Authors: Alipour Atefeh , Shamsalinia Abbas , Ghaffari Fatemeh , Fotokian Zahra
Published: March 2019

Introduction:

Exploring the nurses’ recognition of elder abuse and related signs may lead to the knowledge development solutions through the In-Service programs. To develop an instrument for the assessment of nurses’ recognition of elder abuse by family caregivers within the Iranian context and psychometrically evaluate its reliability and validity.

Methods:

The sequential combination exploratory mixed methods design was used to develop the questionnaire format, which involved two sections: the quantitative and qualitative step. The qualitative step included probing the Nurses’ recognition of elder abuse by family caregivers in two steps including the literature and related tools review and semi-structured interviews with nurses. The quantitative step was accomplished in two parts. The validity of questionnaire was checked using face, content, construct, and formal validity; and the reliability was probed using cronbach’s alpha reliability. The analyzed data were categorized into 67 items (three main groups namely evident signs of abuse, elder’s potential to get abused, and family caregiver’s potential to abuse and 6 sub-groups including inadvertency, physical abuse, financial misconduct, psychological abuse, sexual abuse, and risk factors). Three components from the exploratory content analysis gained 58.8% variance totally. The cronbach’s alpha for the 3 components were 0.79, 0.76, and 0.78, respectively.

Results:

The questionnaire on the nurses’ recognition of elder abuse by family caregiver can be applied to a wide variety of settings because of the broad range of methods utilised to generate items and domains, its comprehensive consideration of the principles of elder abuse, and its initial reliability and validity.
Religious Autobiographies in the Netherlands: Authors, Publishers and Readers, 1750–1950
Authors: Baggerman Arianne , Dekker Rudolf
Published: March 2019

In this article more than 200 religious autobiographies written by Dutch  orthodox pietist men and women are analyzed. Although hardly studied so far, these texts were a substantial part of all printed Dutch egodocuments,  especially in the period 1850–1950. The authors are nearly all from the lowest ranks of Dutch society, and therefore their texts offer unique information about life in villages and small towns in the Netherlands. This form of autobiographical writing goes back to the seventeenth century, and transformed from an oral culture to a written and printed culture as, from around 1800, the number of local publishers and printers grew. The role of middlemen, such as Reformed ministers, is also studied, as many of the authors were semi-literate. Information about editions and print runs show how popular some of these books were, and still are. Traces left by readers give additional information about ownership and circulation.https://doi.org/10.21827/ejlw.7.294
Popular Autobiography in Switzerland
Authors: Brändle Fabian
Published: March 2019

Switzerland has a very old and lively tradition of working-class writing, including outstanding examples such as Augustin Güntzer, Ulrich Bräker or the weavers Matthias and Heinrich Senn. This rich culture is due to the high social mobility, relatively early successful literacy and Protestant self-introspection. Then, though there are not many texts written by left wing workers, male and female, there is a substantial number of texts written by men and women from the margins of society. These texts are not strongly ideological and are thus very interesting sources for everyday history. Despite this tradition, there is a lack of institutional and scientific interest in collecting and conserving autobiographical texts in Switzerland. This article traces the Swiss tradition of working-class life writing, relating it to the social and cultural factors which enabled it; highlights some of the scholarship of editing and interpretation which these texts have generated; and indicates the author’s own contribution to the task of collecting and cataloguing Swiss popular autobiographical texts.https://doi.org/10.21827/ejlw.7.295
Detecting Developmental Delay and Autism Through Machine Learning Models Using Home Videos of Bangladeshi Children: Development and Validation Study (Preprint)
Authors: Tariq Qandeel , Fleming Scott Lanyon , Schwartz Jessey Nicole , Dunlap Kaitlyn , Corbin Conor , Washington Peter , Kalantarian Haik , Khan Naila Z , Darmstadt Gary L , Wall Dennis Paul
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is currently diagnosed using qualitative methods that measure between 20-100 behaviors, can span multiple appointments with trained clinicians, and take several hours to complete. In our previous work, we demonstrated the efficacy of machine learning classifiers to accelerate the process by collecting home videos of US-based children, identifying a reduced subset of behavioral features that are scored by untrained raters using a machine learning classifier to determine children’s “risk scores” for autism. We achieved an accuracy of 92% (95% CI 88%-97%) on US videos using a classifier built on five features.

OBJECTIVE

Using videos of Bangladeshi children collected from Dhaka Shishu Children’s Hospital, we aim to scale our pipeline to another culture and other developmental delays, including speech and language conditions.

METHODS

Although our previously published and validated pipeline and set of classifiers perform reasonably well on Bangladeshi videos (75% accuracy, 95% CI 71%-78%), this work improves on that accuracy through the development and application of a powerful new technique for adaptive aggregation of crowdsourced labels. We enhance both the utility and performance of our model by building two classification layers: The first layer distinguishes between typical and atypical behavior, and the second layer distinguishes between ASD and non-ASD. In each of the layers, we use a unique rater weighting scheme to aggregate classification scores from different raters based on their expertise. We also determine Shapley values for the most important features in the classifier to understand how the classifiers’ process aligns with clinical intuition.

RESULTS

Using these techniques, we achieved an accuracy (area under the curve [AUC]) of 76% (SD 3%) and sensitivity of 76% (SD 4%) for identifying atypical children from among developmentally delayed children, and an accuracy (AUC) of 85% (SD 5%) and sensitivity of 76% (SD 6%) for identifying children with ASD from those predicted to have other developmental delays.

CONCLUSIONS

These results show promise for using a mobile video-based and machine learning–directed approach for early and remote detection of autism in Bangladeshi children. This strategy could provide important resources for developmental health in developing countries with few clinical resources for diagnosis, helping children get access to care at an early age. Future research aimed at extending the application of this approach to identify a range of other conditions and determine the population-level burden of developmental disabilities and impairments will be of high value.
Evaluation of a Health Information Technology–Enabled Panel Management Platform to Improve Anticoagulation Control in a Low-Income Patient Population: Protocol for a Quasi-Experimental Design (Preprint)
Authors: Fontil Valy , Kazi Dhruv , Cherian Roy , Lee Shin-Yu , Sarkar Urmimala
Published: March 2019

BACKGROUND

Warfarin is one of the most commonly prescribed medications in the United States, and it causes a significant proportion of adverse drug events. Patients taking warfarin fall outside of the recommended therapeutic range 30% of the time, largely because of inadequate laboratory monitoring and dose adjustment. This leads to an increased risk of blood clots or bleeding events. We propose a comparative effectiveness study to examine whether a technology-enabled anticoagulation management program can improve long-term clinical outcomes compared with usual care.

OBJECTIVE

Our proposed intervention is the implementation of an electronic dashboard (integrated into a preexisting electronic health record) and standardized workflow to track patients’ laboratory results, identify patients requiring follow-up, and facilitate the use of a validated nomogram for dose adjustment. The primary outcome of this study is the time in therapeutic range (TTR) at 6 months post intervention (a validated metric of anticoagulation quality among patients receiving warfarin).

METHODS

We will employ a pre-post quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent usual-care comparison site and a difference-in-differences approach to compare the effectiveness of a technology-enabled anticoagulation management program compared with usual care at a large university-affiliated safety-net clinic.

RESULTS

We used a commercially available health information technology (HIT) platform to host a registry of patients on warfarin therapy and create the electronic dashboard for panel management. We developed the intervention with, and for, frontline clinician users, using principles of human-centered design. This study is funded until September 2020 and is approved by the University of California, San Francisco Institutional Review Board until June 22, 2020. We completed data collection in September 2019 and expect to complete our proposed analyses by February 2020.

CONCLUSIONS

We anticipate that the intervention will increase TTR among patients taking warfarin and that the use of this HIT platform will facilitate tracking and monitoring of patients on warfarin, which could enable outreach to those overdue for visits or laboratory monitoring. We will use these findings to iteratively improve the platform in preparation for a larger, multiple-site, pragmatic clinical trial. If successful, our study will demonstrate the integration of HIT platforms into existing electronic health records to improve patient care in real-world clinical settings.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

DERR1-10.2196/13835
PERBANDINGAN PULAU BALI DAN PULAU JEJU DALAM BIDANG PARIWISATA
Authors: Hasanah Ummul - , Hapsari Yuniastuti Eka
Published: March 2019

There are some similarities and differences between Bali and Jeju in tourism sector. Similarities and differences of the two islands consist of the early history of the development of tourism and their tourist attractions. Bali and Jeju are both became famous around the world because of a book written by foreigners. Besides of the history of tourism, both islands have similarities in the tourist attractions. If in Bali there is Desa Penglipuran, in Jeju there is Seongup Jeju Folk Village. Both villages are tourist villages which still retain their original culture. In addition to similarities in these two islands, there are also differences of Bali and Jeju. Started by the early history of the development of tourism, Bali Island from the beginning is famous for its natural beauty as a tourist destination, Jeju on the other hand, need to experience several incidents to finally become a popular tourist destination. As for the tourism attractions, compared to Bali, tourist facilities in Jeju are better, for example in Woljeongri Beach in Jeju, tourists who want to play canoe will be provided a safety life jacket, but in Sanur, Bali, visitors are not provided those facilities. Besides of those examples, there are some other similarities and differences of the two islands.
Penerapan PP 46 Tahun 2013: Adilkah Peraturan ini bagi Pelaku Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM)?
Authors: Oktyawati Dianila
Published: March 2019

Taxes are the largest source of state revenues. This is indicated in the State Budget of Revenue and Expenditure (APBN) in 2017 that the target of state revenue from the tax sector is 85.6%. In Indonesia, UMKM is the most developed business in terms of its number. The existence of UMKM plays an important role in people's economic development in a country and has the potential to improve people's welfare. One of the government's efforts to increase tax revenues from the MSME sector is the enforcement of Government Regulation No. 46 of 2013. PP 46/2013 on income tax on income from businesses received or obtained by taxpayers who have certain gross revenue. Gross revenue is less than Rp 4,8 billions, - in one year. This study aims to test the fairness of the application of PP 46 on MSMEs. The analysis used is descriptive qualitative analysis. The results of this study indicate that the application of PP No. 46 is simple, easy to apply for MSMEs. But this PP is not fair. It only benefits the MSME group which has a profit margin of above 8% of the gross revenue, otherwise if the profit margin is below 8% it will be detrimental to the MSMEs. This caused in the calculation of PP 46 calculated from gross revenue, not profit, meaning if the company gets a little profit or even suffered losses will be taxed not from gross circulation. In addition, this PP also does not pay attention to the number of dependents (PTKP) in counting taxes for individual MSMEs perpetrators.
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pendapatan Hotel (Studi Kasus Hotel Baha-Baha Sekongkang Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat) Tahun 2012-2016
Authors: Haryadi Wahyu , Pamungkas Binar Dwiyanto
Published: March 2019

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui seberapa jauh faktor-faktor yang diteliti yang mampu mempengaruhi pendapatan kamar, serta menentukan faktor yang paling dominan dalam mempengaruhi pendapatan kamar pada hotel Baha-Baha Sekongkang. Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam analisis ini adalah koefesien regresi linier berganda. Variable-variabel yang diteliti yang dianggap berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan kamar pada Hotel Baha-Baha Sekongkang adalah tarif kamar, biaya promosi dan jumlah kamar. Berdasarakan metode penelitian, penelitian ini menggunakan metode interview dan ovservasi dalam memperoleh data, sedangkan data yang digunakan adalah data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Berdasarkan analisis data yang dilakukan, ternyata faktor jumlah kamar merupakan faktor yang paling dominan dalam mempengaruhi pendapatan kamar. Faktor-faktor tariff kamar dan biaya promosi walaupun tidak sedominan faktor jumlah kamar, namun secara bersama-sama mampu mempengaruhi pendapatan kamar yang telah dibuktikan melalui uji F dengan menggunkan program SPSS. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah ternyata pada Hotel Baha-Baha Sekongkang jumlah kamar merupakan hal yang paling mendominasi pendapatan kamar yang ada