bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Molecular Docking Prediction and in Vitro Studies Elucidate Anti-inflammatory Effect of Garcinia Extract Against Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase and Cyclooxygenase-2 Targets
Authors: Kalita Anuradha , DAS MANAS , Das Bhabajyoti , Baro Momita Rani
Published: August 2021

Garcinia is a tropical plant that has been traditionally used in medicinal folklore for its potential antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-hyperlipidemic, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, etc. In this study, Garcinia herbal extract (GHE) and one of its important phytocompound (garcinol) were evaluated for their inhibitory action against important inflammatory markers inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 cells. iNOS and COX-2 plays an major role in the process of inflammation and inhibition of these molecules will help to alleviate the inflammatory process. The cells were pre-treated with two doses of Garcinia (230µg/ml and 115µg/ml); garcinol (12µM and 6µM) followed by stimulation with 1µg/ml of LPS for 24h. The results of the study demonstrated that GHE and garcinol plays an important role in suppressing LPS- induced relative mRNA expression of iNOS, COX-2 and subsequent reduction in the levels of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E 2 . Molecular docking analysis of garcinol and hydroxycitric acid, the major active components of GHE with iNOS and COX-2 proteins showed potent interaction with low binding energies. This study suggests that GHE (containing high percentage of HCA) and garcinol may possess anti-inflammatory activity thus providing a possibility for drug designing as iNOS and COX-2 inhibitors.
Characterization of Al-Mg-Si Alloy Reinforced with Optimum Palm Kernel Shell Ash (PKSA) Particle and its Consequence on the Dynamic Properties for Aerospace Application
Authors: Oyedeji Oyewusi Elijah , Dauda Muhammed , Yaro Shehu Aliyu , Abdulwahab Malik
Published: August 2021

Nowadays, the demand for naturally and locally sourced materials for usage in automobile and aerospace have been on the increase due to high usage and population increase. In this view, this research is focused on investigating aluminium metal matrix composite materials with the aim of studying the optimum composition effect of Al-Mg-Si alloy reinforced with Palm Kernel Shell Ash (PKSA) particle on static and dynamic properties. Powder methodology was used to manufacture the developed composites. The SEM result showed that the recrystallization during ball milling of the mixture powders characterized the accumulation of higher dislocation density and the presence of harder phases in the PKSA which contributed to their improved thermal properties. Furthermore, the modulus of rupture of the developed Al-Mg-Si-PKSA matrix composites was effectively increased, and it can be drawn that sample C4 (6:94 wt%) has optimized properties. In this study, the storage modulus (E’), loss modulus (E'), damping factor (tan δ) were determined based on the Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA) of the developed composites. It was established that the glass transition temperature (Tg) increased with frequency and amplitude. The result of this research also revealed the optimum percentage composition of 6 wt% PKSA on Al-Mg-Si powder is suitable for research aerospace applications.
Expression of TLR10 in B cells Correlates With Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome Progression
Authors: Lai Nannan , Qian YiChao , Wu Yilin , Jiang Xi , Sun Honghua , Luo Zhaofan , Zhao Yanli , Zeng Changchun , Kang Yang , Zhan Xiao-Yong , Wang Qingwen , Tang Chun , Huang Bihui
Published: August 2021

Primary Sjögren’s Syndrome (pSS) is considered a B cell-mediated disease, yet the precise role of B cells in the pathogenesis is not fully understood. Toll-like receptor 10 (TLR10) is highly expressed in human B cells, indicating that TLR10 probably plays a vital role in regulating B cell function as well as B cell-related diseases. However, the biology of TLR10 in pSS was rarely researched. Here, we examined the TLR10 expression in peripheral B cell subsets isolated from both pSS patients and healthy controls (HCs) and further analyzed the correlations between TLR10 expression and disease activity. We observed that TLR10 expression in peripheral total CD19+ B cells, naïve B cells (CD19+CD27-IgD+) and switched memory B cells (CD19+CD27+IgD-) was significantly increased in low-activity pSS patients as compared with HCs and high-activity pSS patients. TLR10 expression in total and switched memory B cells in pSS patients was significantly negatively correlated with serum levels of anti-SSA antibody and B cell activating factor of TNF family (BAFF). As compared with the TLR10 low-, the TLR10 high-expressed pSS patients presented with reduced switched memory B cells. Moreover, a much lower proportion of high-activity pSS patients was observed in TLR10 high- as compared to low-expressed patients. Our study concluded that TLR10 expression in peripheral total and switched memory B is negatively correlated with pSS disease activity, suggesting that TLR10 might suppress pSS progression via inhibiting the B cell class switch recombination. These results should contribute to the diagnosis and treatment of pSS.
Association Between the Alterations in the Blood Routine Check Parameters and Cognitive Impairment in the Shenzhen Ageing-related Disorder Cohort in China
Authors: Wu Kaiyu , Xu Chunyan , Tian Xiaoping , Qiu Guozhen , Liu Wei , Guo Qiwen , Meng Xueya , Chen Chunchun , Liu Jianjun , Guo Zhiwei , Chen Haifei , Liu Kangding , Zhu Feiqi
Published: August 2021

Background: Previous studies have suggested a correlation between alterations in the routine blood check markers and cognitive impairment. Objective: We aimed to explore the relationship between routine blood parameters and cognitive impairment. Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, 8,025 people over 60 years of age were enrolled from 51 community health centers in Luohu District of Shenzhen City from 2017 to 2018. According to the mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score and educational level, participants were divided into a cognitive impairment group (n=385) and normal cognitive function group (n=7,640). Nonparametric test, chi-square test, and binary logistic regression were applied to analyze the data. Results: Compared to the normal cognitive function group, the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), packed-cell volume (PCV), and platelet count (PLT) in the cognitive impairment group were significantly lower (7.26 [5.50,8.81] vs. 7.45 [5.80,9.35]; 40.1 [36.65,42.95] vs. 40.5 [37.7,43.1]; 216 [190,258] vs. 228 [196,261], p<0.05, respectively), while the monocyte count and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were higher (0.31 [0.25, 0.38] vs. 0.3 [0.24, 0.37]; 336 [330, 343] vs. 335 [328, 342], p<0.05, respectively). Additionally, MCHC [odds ratio (OR):1.011, 95% conﬁdence interval (CI) :1.001–1.021, p = 0.033] and PCV [OR: 0.993, 95% CI: 0.987–0.999, p = 0.033) were independently associated with cognitive impairment. Conclusion: The alterations in some routine blood check parameters, including reduced LMR, PCV, and PLT, and elevated monocyte count and MCHC, may be associated with cognitive impairment.
Temporal Trend of Comorbidity and Increasing Impacts on Mortality, Length of Stay, and Hospital Costs of First Stroke in Tianjin, North of China
Authors: Hao Ruixiao , Qi Xuemei , Xia Xiaoshuang , Wang Lin , Li Xin
Published: August 2021

Purpose: Stroke patients have a high incidence of comorbidity. Our study aimed to explore the trend of comorbidity among patients with first stroke from 2010 to 2020, and the influence of comorbidity on admission mortality, length of stay and hospitalization costs.5988 eligible patients were enrolled in our study, and divided into 4 comorbidity burden groups according to Charlson comorbidity index (CCI): none, moderate, severe, very severe. Survival analysis was expressed by Kaplan - Meier curve. Cox regression model was used to analyze the effect of comorbidity on 7-day and in-hospital mortality. Generalized linear model (GLM) was used to analyze the association between comorbidity and hospitalization days and cost. Results: Compared to patients without comorbidity, those with very severe comorbidity were more likely to be male (342, 57.7%), suffer from ischemic stroke (565, 95.3%), afford higher expense (Midian, 19339.3RMB, IQR13020.7-27485.9RMB), and have a higher in-hospital mortality (60, 10.1%). From 2010 to 2020, proportion of patients with severe and very severe comorbidity increased 12.9%. The heaviest comorbidity burden increased the risk of 7-day mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 3.51, 95% CI, 2.22-5.53) and in-hospital mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 3.83, 95% CI, 2.70-5.45). Patients with very severe comorbidity had a 12% longer LOS and extra 27% expense than those without comorbidity.Conclusion: Comorbidity burden showed an increasing trend year in past eleven years. The heavy comorbidity burden increased in-hospital mortality, LOS, and hospitalization cost, especially in patients aged 55 years or more.
Altered Glycolytic Capacity, Not Mitochondrial Common Deletion, May Be Responsible For Age-Related Increases in Rat Intestinal Permeability
Authors: Kundaktepe Berrin Papila , KARIMOVA AYLA , Onaran Ilhan
Published: August 2021

Some evidence points to a link between aging-related increased intestinal permeability and mitochondrial dysfunction in in-vivo models. Several studies have also demonstrated age-related accumulation of the of specific deletion 4834-bp of “common” mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in various rat tissues and suggest that this deletion may disrupt mitochondrial metabolism. The present study aimed to investigate possible associations among the mtDNA common deletion, mitochondrial function, intestinal permeability, and aging in rats. Our data showed were no significant differences in the abundance of mtDNA4834 deletions in intestinal tissue between young adult ((4-month-old) and aged (24-month-old) rats). In addition, Spearman's correlation coefficients of measured parameters in serum samples for intestinal permeability did not correlate with deletion frequency and measured levels of mitochondrial energy function parameters. However, the tissue lactate/pyruvate ratio (L/P) was three times lower in old rats than in young rats. Additionally, there were significant negative correlations between intestinal permeability parameters and L/P ratios. Considering our findings showing that the intestinal tissues of aged rats are not prone to accumulate mtDNA common deletion, we suggest that this mutation does not explain the age-related increase in intestinal permeability. Some data support the thought that altered glycolytic capacity could be a possible mechanism linked to increased intestinal permeability with age.
Protein Co-expression Network-based Profiles Revealed from Laser-microdissected Cancerous Cells of Lung Squamous-Cell Carcinomas
Authors: Nishimura Toshihide , Fujii Kiyonaga , Nakamura Haruhiko , Naruki Saeko , Sakai Hiroki , Kimura Hiroyuki , Miyazawa Tomoyuki , Takagi Masayuki , Furuya Naoki , Marko-Varga Gyorgy , Kato Harubumi , Saji Hisashi
Published: August 2021

No therapeutic targets have been identified for lung squamous cell cancer (SqCC) which is the second most prevalent lung cancer because its molecular profiles remain unclear. This study aimed to unveil disease-related protein networks by assessing seven SqCCs compared with eight representative lung adenocarcinomas. We identified three network modules significant to lung SqCC using weighted gene co-expression network analysis. One module was intrinsically annotated to keratinization and cell proliferation of SqCC, accompanied by hypoxia-induced aerobic glycolysis, in which key regulators were activated (HIF1A, ROCK2, EFNA1-5) and highly suppressed (KMT2D). The other two modules were significant for translational initiation, nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, inhibited cell death, and interestingly, eIF2 signaling, in which key regulators, MYC and MLXIPL, were highly activated. Another key regulator LARP1, the master regulator in cap-dependent translation, was highly suppressed although upregulations were observed for hub proteins including EIF3F and LARP1 targeted ribosomal proteins, among which PS25 is the key ribosomal protein in IRES-dependent translation. The results in this study suggest an underlying progression mechanism of this subtype largely caused by switching to the cap-independent, IRES-dependent translation of mRNA subsets encoding oncogenic proteins. Our findings may help to develop therapeutic strategies to improve patient outcomes.
Microvesicles Derived From Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhance Alveolar Development and Attenuate Lung Inflammation in a Rat Model of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia Induced by Antenatal Lipopolysaccharide
Authors: Zhou Ou , You Jingyi , Xu Xiaochuan , Liu Jiang , Qiu Huijun , Hao Chang , Zou Wenjing , Wu Wenjie , Fu Zhou , Tian Daiyin , Zou Lin
Published: August 2021

BackgroundAlthough it is known that exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) alleviate hyperoxic lung injury of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in animal models, the role of microvesicles (MVs) derived from hUCMSCs in BPD is poorly defined. Furthermore, antenatal inflammation has been linked to high risk of BPD in preterm infants. The purpose of this study was to explore whether MVs derived from hUCMSCs can preserve lung structure and function in an antenatal lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BPD rat model and to clarify the underlying mechanism.MethodsPregnant rats received intra-amniotic injections of LPS on day 20.5 of gestation (term=day 22.5 of gestion), and pups were delivered by cesarean section on embryonic day 22.5 (E22.5). MVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation and then were characterized. hUCMSCs and MVs were administered intratracheally on postnatal day 7 (PN7). On PN14, lung function was measured, and tissues were harvested to determine alveolarization. Immunofluorescence staining was used to determine the co-localization of MVs and lung cells. Cell proliferation was measured by Ki-67 staining, and apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry using 7-ADD and Annexin V. The expression levels of AKT, p38, JNK, ERK, and their phosphorylated forms, PTEN and VEGF, were measured by WB.ResultsAntenatal LPS induced alveolar simplification, altered lung function, and dysregulated pulmonary vasculature. Both hUCMSCs and MVs successfully promoted alveolar development and improved lung function. However, hUCMSCs but not MVs restored the loss of pulmonary microvascular vessels (<100 μm). Furthermore, MVs were mostly uptaken by alveolar epithelial type II cells (AT2) and macrophages. Compared with the LPS-exposed group, MVs restored the AT2 cell number and SP-C expression in vivo and promoted the proliferation of AT2 cells in vitro. MVs also restored the level of IL-6 and IL-10 in lung homogenate. Additionally, upregulated expression of p-AKT, downregulated expression of PTEN, as well as inhibition of MAPK pathway were observed in MVs-treated BPD rats.ConclusionsMVs derived from hUCMSCs improve lung architecture and function in an antenatal LPS-induced BPD rat model by promoting AT2 cell proliferation and attenuate lung inflammation; thus, MVs provide a promising therapeutic vehicle for BPD treatment.
Crop Host Signatures Reflected by Co-association Patterns of Keystone Bacteria in the Rhizosphere Microbiota
Authors: Lewin Simon , Francioli Davide , Ulrich Andreas , Kolb Steffen
Published: August 2021

Background: The native crop bacterial microbiota of the rhizosphere is envisioned to be engineered for sustainable agriculture. This requires the identification of keystone rhizosphere Bacteria and an understanding on how these govern crop-specific microbiome assembly from soils. We identified the metabolically active bacterial microbiota (SSU RNA) inhabiting two compartments of the rhizosphere of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), rye (Secale cereale), and oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) at different growth stages. Results: Based on metabarcoding analysis the bacterial microbiota was shaped by the two rhizosphere compartments, i.e. close and distant. Thereby implying a different spatial extend of bacterial microbiota acquirement by the cereals species versus oilseed rape. We derived core microbiota of each crop species. Massilia (barley and wheat) and unclassified Chloroflexi of group ‘KD4-96’ (oilseed rape) were identified as keystone Bacteria by combining LEfSe biomarker and network analyses. Subsequently, differential associations between networks of each crop species’ core microbiota revealed host plant-specific interconnections for specific genera, such as the unclassified Tepidisphaeraceae ‘WD2101 soil group’. Conclusions: Our results provide keystone rhizosphere Bacteria derived from for crop hosts and revealed that cohort subnetworks and differential associations elucidated host species effect that was not evident from differential abundance of single bacterial genera enriched or unique to a specific plant host. Thus, we underline the importance of co-occurrence patterns within the rhizosphere microbiota that emerge in crop-specific microbiomes, which will be essential to modify native crop microbiome for future agriculture and to develop effective bio-fertilizers.
Deep Learning-based Noise-Robust Flexible Piezoelectric Acoustic Sensors for Speech Processing
Authors: Jung Young Hoon , Pham Trung , Issa Dias , Wang Hee Seung , Lee Jae Hee , Chung Mingi , Lee Bo-Yeon , Kim Gwangsu , Yoo Chang D. , Lee Keon Jae
Published: August 2021

Flexible piezoelectric acoustic sensors (f-PAS) have attracted significant attention as a promising component for voice user interfaces (VUI) in the era of artificial intelligence of things (AIoT). The signal distortion issue of highly sensitive biomimetic f-PAS is one of the most challenging obstacle for real-life applications, due to the fundamental difference compared with the conventional microphones. Here, a noise-robust flexible piezoelectric acoustic sensor (NPAS) is demonstrated by designing the multi-resonant bands outside the noise dominant frequency range. Broad voice coverage up to 8 kHz is achieved by adopting an advanced piezoelectric membrane with the optimized polymer ratio. Deep learning-based speech processing of multi-channel NPAS is demonstrated to show the outstanding improvement in speaker recognition and speech enhancement compared to a commercial microphone. Finally, the NPAS independently identified the multi-user voices in a crowd condition, showing simultaneous speaker separation.
MEG8 regulates Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor 2 (TFPI2) expression in the endothelium
Authors: Kremer Veerle , Bink Diewertje I. , Stanicek Laura , Ingen Eva van , Hilderink Sarah , Nossent Anne Yaël , Boon Reinier A.
Published: August 2021

A large portion of the genome is transcribed into non-coding RNA, which does not encode protein. Many long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to be involved in important regulatory processes such as genomic imprinting and chromatin modification. The 14q32 locus contains many non-coding RNAs such as Maternally Expressed Gene 8 (MEG8). We observed an induction of this gene in ischemic heart disease. We investigated the role of MEG8 specifically in endothelial function as well as the underlying mechanism. We hypothesized that MEG8 plays an important role in cardiovascular disease via epigenetic regulation of gene expression. Experiments were performed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). In vitro silencing of MEG8 resulted in impaired angiogenic sprouting. More specifically, total sprout length was reduced as was proliferation, while migration was unaffected. We performed RNA sequencing to assess changes in gene expression after loss of MEG8. The most profoundly regulated gene, Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor 2 (TFPI2), was 5-fold increased following MEG8 silencing. TFPI2 has previously been described as an inhibitor of angiogenesis. Mechanistically, MEG8 silencing resulted in a reduction of the inhibitory histone modification H3K27me3 at the TFPI2 promoter. Interestingly, additional silencing of TFPI2 partially restored angiogenic sprouting capacity but did not affect proliferation of MEG8 silenced cells. In conclusion, silencing of MEG8 impairs endothelial function, suggesting a potential beneficial role in maintaining cell viability. Our study highlights the MEG8/TFPI2 axis as potential therapeutic approach to improve angiogenesis following ischemia.
Real-time infection prediction with wearable physiological monitoring and AI: Aiding military workforce readiness during COVID-19
Authors: Conroy Bryan , Silva Ikaro , Mehraei Golbarg , Damiano Robert , Gross Brian , Salvati Emmanuele , Feng Ting , Schneider Jeffrey , Olson Niels , Rizzo Anne , Curtin Catherine , Frassica Joseph , Mcfarlane Daniel
Published: August 2021

Infectious threats, like the COVID-19 pandemic, hinder maintenance of a productive and healthy workforce. If subtle physiological changes precede overt illness, then proactive isolation and testing can reduce labor force impacts. This study hypothesized that an early infection warning service based on wearable physiological monitoring and real-time machine learning could be developed and deployed. We developed a prototype tool, first deployed June 23, 2020, that delivered continuously updated scores of infection risk for SARS-CoV-2. Data were acquired from 9381 United States Department of Defense (US DoD) personnel wearing Garmin and Oura devices, totaling 599,174 user-days of service and 201 million hours of data. There were 491 COVID-19 positive cases. A predictive algorithm identified infection before diagnostic testing with an AUC of 0.82. Barriers to implementation included adequate data capture (at least 48% data was needed) and delays in data transmission. We observe increased risk scores as early as 6 days prior to diagnostic testing (2.3 days average). This study showed feasibility of a real-time risk prediction score to minimize workforce impacts of infection.
Molecular Properties of Ca2+ Transport Through TRPV2 Channel: A Molecular Dynamic Simulations Study
Authors: Alipour Mozhgan , Hajipour-Verdom Behnam , Abdolmaleki Parviz , Javan Mohammad
Published: August 2021

TRPV channels are a category of nonselective cation channels that activated by heat and ligands, and permeate monovalent and divalent ions. The mechanism of Ca2+ transfer through TRPV2 channel is not well known. Here, we investigated the reaction coordination and energy fluctuation of Ca2+ transition in TRPV2 channel by steered molecular dynamics (SMD) simulations and potential of mean force (PMF) calculation. Results showed that electrostatic interactions between Ca2+ and residues of the first and second gates had main roles in ions transfer through the channel, and also, we recognized important amino acids in this path. Moreover, results indicated that enter and exit of calcium ions needed to overcome barrier energies in first and second gates.
A High Concentration of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Umbilical Cord Tissue is Associated with An Increased Risk For Fetal Neural Tube Defects
Authors: Sun Ying , Yin Shengju , Yu Jinhui , Su Zaiming , Tong Mingkun , Zhang Yali , Liu Jufen , Wang Linlin , Li Zhiwen , Ren Aiguo , Jin Lei
Published: August 2021

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous in the environment and have detrimental effects on human health. Embryos are particularly susceptible to environmental insults such as PAHs. We examined the association between prenatal exposure to PAHs and the risk for fetal neural tube defects (NTDs). A case-control study was conducted with 119 NTD cases and 119 controls. A total of 16 PAHs in umbilical cord tissue, determined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, were used as in utero exposure markers. Logistic regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) were performed to evaluate the individual and overall effects of PAH exposure on the risk for NTDs, respectively. Median concentrations of 10 PAHs were significantly higher in cases than in controls. In logistic regression, concentrations of four PAHs above the median of all participants were significantly associated with an increased NTD risk, even when potential covariates were adjusted for: phenanthrene, 2.35-fold (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04–5.34); fluoranthene, 2.37-fold (95% CI 1.02–5.48); pyrene, 2.41-fold (95% CI 1.04–5.62); and benzo(b)fluoranthene, 2.95-fold (95% CI 1.27–6.86). In BKMR, the risk for NTDs increased when PAH concentrations were all above their 65th percentile compared to their median, while no statistical association between a single compound and NTD risk was observed when the remaining nine PAHs were taken into consideration simultaneously. Together these results show that prenatal PAH exposure is a risk factor for NTDs in offspring.
Augmentation of Antitumour Function of Tumour-infiltrating Lymphocytes Against Triple-negative Breast Cancer by PD-1 Blockade
Authors: Hu Haiyan , Song Hongming , Wang Haibo , Gong Mingkai , Wu Li , Cao Weihong , Gao Xueqiang , Dou Rongrong , Chen Qiaoyu
Published: August 2021

T-cell-based immunotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade have been successfully used to treat several human solid cancers. The present study attempted to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of the antitumour effect of adoptive cell therapy along with programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) inhibitor on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We isolated and expanded tumour infiltration lymphocytes (TILs) from TNBC mouse tumour tissues and adoptive TIL transfusion (TILs-ACT) was applied in combination with a PD-1 inhibitor to the TNBC mouse model. The pre- and post-therapy antitumour efficacy, cytokine secretion, and pathological changes were assessed both in vitro and in vivo. TILs exhibited higher IFN-γ and TNF-α secretion than conventional T cells. The TILs-ACT combined with PD-1 inhibitor promoted active T-cell infiltration into the tumour tissue and exerted a strong antitumour effect in an in vivo model. Additionally, the strategy could downregulate the expression of inhibitory marker PD-1 on TILs. Our results suggested that PD-1 blockade regulated T-cell exhaustion which synergised with adoptive TIL transfer immunotherapy, leading to eradication of established TNBC tumours. These findings might be useful in developing a feasible and effective therapeutic approach for TNBC.
Hyper-eosinophilic syndrome with myocarditis after inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: A case study
Authors: Tiwari Ashutosh , Chakrabarti Sankha Shubhra , Panda Prasan Kumar , Karna Gaurav , Kaur Upinder
Published: August 2021

A young man without any co-morbidities presented with persistent periorbital baggy swelling along with itchy swelling over fingers, resting tachycardia and exertional breathlessness following first dose of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (COVAXIN). On investigation, patient had elevated blood eosinophils and myocarditis. He was successfully treated with steroid and supportive treatment.
Yes-associated protein (YAP) promotes progression of glioma and poor prognosis of human
Authors: Yan Fei , Du Lele , Lv Jiatao , Zhang Haitao , Zhu Jianxin , Yu Fuhua
Published: August 2021

Background: Yes-associated protein(YAP) plays an important role in signal transduction and gene transcription regulation in 1 normal cells, with elevated and over-expressed YAP levels observed in various malignant tumors. The aim of this study was 2 to investigate the expression of YAP in malignant glioma, and to study the possible relationship of YAP expression with the 3 occurrence and development of malignant glioma. 4 Methods: Immunohistochemical staining was used to assess the expression of YAP and phosphor-YAP in malignant glioma 5 tissue and normal brain tissue, and their protein and mRNA levels were evaluated through Western blotting and reverse 6 transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respectively. Normal brain tissue obtained from the functional lesion of 7 the epilepsy patients. After transfection of YAPsiRNA oligonucleotides or pcDNA3.1-hYAP plasmid, their effects on glioma 8 cells were investigated using western blot, cell proliferation, cycle, apoptosis and invasion, respectively. We conducted the 9 2 co-Immunoprecipitation to verify the combination of YAP and PPARγ, explore the mechanism of action. 10 Results: YAP-positive expression was found in 9 cases of normal brain and 60 cases of glioma. A significantly higher 11 expression of YAP in glioma tissue as compared with normal brain tissue at both protein and mRNA levels, and YAP proteins 12 mainly expressed and located in the nucleus and only a small percentage in the cytoplasm of glioma tissue. Phosphor-YAP 13 protein expression showed high staining of the cytoplasm, but no staining of the nuclear. While, with the enhancement of 14 the malignant degree, the cytoplasm YAP(p-YAP) expression is lower gradually than normal brain tissues. Further study in 15 glioma cell lines in which YAP was either overexpressed or depleted confirmed that YAP markedly promoted the cell 16 proliferation, cycle, invasion and inhibited the cell apoptosis. Moreover, YAP in company with PPARγ regulates the cell 17 proliferatin and effects the gliomagenesis. 18 Conclusion: These results indicate that YAP plays an important role in glioma and might be a useful therapeutic target of 19 glioma. 20
Primer designing strategy for amplification and sequencing of the complete mitochondrial genome of Semnopithecus hypoleucos
Authors: Hiremath Vipin , Jadhav Chandrakant , Khedkar Gulab
Published: August 2021

The mitochondrial genome is highly informative for evolutionary analysis of organism lineages and phylogenetic studies. The availability of robust primers for amplifying complete mitochondrial genomes is a crucial step in current mitogenome studies. However, organism specific characteristics such as variable transition to transversion substitution ratios seen in some groups pose challenges for the development of universal, or at least broadly applicable, primer pairs for this purpose. This study reports on a strategy of primer design and optimization (PDO) where regions of known mtDNA genescan be used for choosing primers for amplification, sequencing and assembly of entire mitochondrial genomes of several closely-related species. In brief, taking advantage of the circular organization of mtDNA, primers are first designed for amplification of “long” products using the 5’ region of one conserved gene and a 3’region from another conserved gene. Additional primers are then used to amplify “short” regions to fill in gaps to allow for complete assembly of the genome. We show how we were able to use this approach to successfully amplify entire mitochondrial genomes from a non-human primate species (Semnopithecus hypoleucos), and also how this provided data useful for annotation of the assembled genome data.
From Rindler fluid to dark fluid on the holographic cutoff surface
Authors: Cai Rong-Gen , Tumurtushaa Gansukh , Zhang Yun-Long
Published: August 2021

As an approximation to the near horizon regime of black holes, the
Rindler fluid was proposed on an accelerating cutoff surface in the flat
spacetime. The concept of the Rindler fluid was then generalized into a
flat bulk with the cutoff surface of the induced de Sitter and FRW
universe, such that an effective description of dark fluid in the
accelerating universe can be investigated.
Two faces of Hawking radiation and thin-shell emission: pair-creation vs. tunneling
Authors: Yeom Dong-han
Published: August 2021

We first revisit Hartle and Hawking’s path integral derivation of
Hawking radiation. In the first point of view, we interpret that a
particle-antiparticle pair is created and the negative energy
antiparticle falls into the black hole. On the other point of view, a
particle inside the horizon, or beyond the Einstein-Rosen bridge,
tunnels to outside the horizon, where this computation requires the
analytic continuation of the time. These two faces of the Hawking
radiation process can be extended to not only particles but also fields.
As a concrete example, we study the thin-shell tunneling process; by
introducing the antishell as a negative tension shell, we can give the
consistent interpretation for two pictures, where one is a tunneling
from inside to outside the horizon using instantons, while the other is
a shell-antishell pair-creation. This shows that the Euclidean path
integral indeed carries vast physical implications not only for
perturbative, but also for non-perturbative processes.
A sharp transition in quantum chaos and thermodynamics of mass deformed SYK model
Authors: Nosaka Tomoki
Published: August 2021

We review our recent work [1] where we studied the chaotic property of
the two coupled Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev systems exhibiting a Hawking-Page like
phase transition. By computing the out-of-time-ordered correlator in the
large NN
limit by using the bilocal field formalism, we found that the chaos
exponent of this model shows a discontinuous fall-off at the phase
transition temperature. Hence in this model the Hawking-Page like
transition is correlated with a transition in chaoticity, as expected
from the relation between a black hole geometry and the chaotic behavior
in the dual field theory.
Area law and OPE blocks in conformal field theory
Authors: Long Jiang
Published: August 2021

This is an introduction to the relationship between area law and OPE blocks in conformal field theory.
Why space could be quantised on a different scale to matter
Authors: Lake Matthew J.
Published: August 2021

The scale of quantum mechanical effects in matter is set by Planck’s
constant, \hbarℏ.
This represents the quantisation scale for material objects. In this
article, we present a simple argument why the quantisation scale for
space, and hence for gravity, may not be equal to
\hbarℏ.
Indeed, assuming a single quantisation scale for both matter and
geometry leads to the `worst prediction in physics’, namely, the huge
difference between the observed and predicted vacuum energies.
Conversely, assuming a different quantum of action for geometry,
\beta \ll \hbarβ≪ℏ,
allows us to recover the observed density of the Universe. Thus, by
measuring its present-day expansion, we may in principle determine,
empirically, the scale at which the geometric degrees of freedom should
be quantised.
Reescribiendo la feminidad en las series españolas:
Authors: Cuenca Orellana Nerea , Martínez Pérez Natalia
Published: August 2021

Las series españolas de televisión buscan llegar a una audiencia cada vez más segmentada por género y edad, la cual desea encontrar iconos que les representen y se identifiquen e historias que les atrapen. En la última década las series con personajes protagónicos femeninos ha crecido hasta encontrar series con elencos femeninos en las que los personajes masculinos tienen un papel secundario. Un ejemplo de esta tendencia es La otra mirada (TVE1: 2018-2019), una serie protagonizada por mujeres en diferentes etapas de su vida, con sus respectivos problemas, cuestiones, dudas y conflictos, al tiempo que reflexiona en torno a las relaciones femeninas. A partir del análisis de esta serie, se pretende revisar cómo es la representación social de la mujer en la narrativa televisiva contemporánea: en qué medida se han insertado modificaciones en los estereotipos tradicionales, si han surgido nuevos, cómo se abordan los estereotipos y roles de género.
Representaciones de la realidad en series de ficción histórica.
Authors: Camacho Gómez Ma. del Carmen
Published: August 2021

El presente trabajo analiza la complejidad de representar la realidad en un programa de ficción histórica. Revisa los procesos de documentación, selección y adaptación de fuentes para dar forma a un producto audiovisual en el que se integra la imaginación histórica con hechos relevantes del pasado. El análisis se centra en la protagonista del drama español Isabel, en donde además de mostrar los principales rasgos personales y físicos de la Reina Católica, se aborda el tema del rol de la mujer en el siglo XV.
Stranger Things y la expansión del relato como práctica transmedia
Authors: Flores Heymann Bernardo
Published: August 2021

Stranger Things es una serie de televisión web que ha expandido su narrativa a través de diversos medios y formatos. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la expansión del relato desde la perspectiva de los siete principios de las narrativas transmedia creado por Henry Jenkins, por medio de la documentación e indagación de dichas ramificaciones.
La deuda del cine con la literatura
Authors: Echevarría Navarro Gustavo
Published: August 2021

Es generalmente aceptado que el cine es un medio que ha sido influenciado, desde su origen y a lo largo de su historia, por otros medios artísticos. Son abundantes los estudios que tratan sobre instancias particulares de estas influencias en general, así como las consideraciones sobre obras cinematográficas específicas y su relación con otras producciones artísticas en el ámbito del teatro, la ópera o la danza. Al margen de un ejercicio de análisis narrativo concreto sobre alguna obra cinematográfica, en este ensayo nos aventuramos a proponer, utilizando la analogía y con fundamento antropológico, que, en última instancia, la primera génesis del cine como medio narrativo se encuentra en la literatura.
Representation of Social Responsibility in Young People of Udmurtia via Charity-Related Activities
Authors: Logunova Elena
Published: August 2021

The research featured the role of charity as a youth socialization factor. It was based on the functional approach developed by E. Durkheim, R. K. Merton and T. Parsons, which made it possible to consider charity as a socio-cultural phenomenon that meets important social needs and develops social solidarity. The research involved a quantitative online study. The respondents believe that charity events often fail due to the lack of publicity. Young people tend to be involved in charity activities organized by business structures. Their social activity is fuelled by their focus on getting good education, choosing career path, understanding their place in the world, etc. On the one hand, young people do not have the necessary experience and skills. On the other hand, they strive for independence of mind and action. The market society promotes the ideas of material well-being, personal gain, and competition. The task of the state, business, and family is to teach young people to combine material orientations and spiritual values. Charity as a form of social responsibility is a good way to resolve this contradiction.
Improving the Financial Support of Pension Insurance in Russia
Authors: Cherney Daniil
Published: August 2021

The financial support of the compulsory pension insurance system in Russia is receiving much attention both in government and in scientific circles. During economic crises, the load on the country's social sphere increases, which leads to an exacerbation of the unresolved problems of the Russian pension insurance system, arousing in society an increased interest in finding various ways of its development. The purpose of the study was to substantiate the need for additional sources of pension funding, as well as to improve the approach to taxation of incomes of various population categories. The study was based on the analysis of the mechanism for forming the financial resources of the compulsory pension insurance system. It featured theoretical and applied aspects of the pension insurance funding system in Russia. The author reviewed relevant publications by Russian authors, who offered various solution of the above-mentioned problem. The paper focuses on the sources of the budget revenues of the Pension Fund and the main parameters of the mechanism for collecting insurance contributions for compulsory pension insurance. The author defined such problem areas as the dependence of the Pension Fund budget on subsidies from the federal budget and the regressive tariff scale for insurance contributions. The article also contains a comparative analysis of the tax burden on wages in Russia and in the countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Any further development of the system of pension insurance financial support should be aimed at eliminating the regressive nature of the collection of insurance premiums, as well as at differentiating the values of the tax rate for personal income tax depending on the level of income of the taxpayer.
Sobre os assim chamados « Staatsfragmente »
Authors: Romano Santi , Campos Felipe Pante Leme de
Published: August 2021

No presente texto, o juspublicista italiano Santi Romano pretende refutar a teoria de Georg Jellinek acerca dos Staatsfragmente – frações territoriais dotadas de algumas atribuições do Estado, mas não de todas. Romano, para tanto, descreve a teoria de Jellinek e aponta algumas de suas falhas, sobretudo quanto aos três elementos ‘clássicos’ da estatalidade (povo, território, soberania). Para Jellinek, os Staatsfragmente teriam povo e território, mas não soberania, enquanto que, para Romano, os outros dois elementos seriam meros reflexos: sem ela, não há Estado. Na sequência, compara a situação dos Staatsfragmente com as frações de Comuni e com as colônias. Esses entes pertenceriam respectivamente ao Comune e ao Estado, sem qualquer individualidade. Romano conclui que as reflexões de Jellinek são estimulantes, mas, em última instância, têm falhas lógicas, são excessivamente abstratas e não devem ser adotadas pela teoria do direito público.
Apontamentos sobre o "problema da educação de adultos" na obra e pensamentos de Álvaro Vieira Pinto
Authors: Xavier Francisco Josimar Ricardo , Freitas Adriano Vargas
Published: August 2021

Este artigo apresenta alguns apontamentos sobre o “problema da educação de adultos” sinalizado pelo intelectual Álvaro Vieira Pinto, em sua obra “Sete lições sobre educação de adultos”. Debruçamo-nos, especificamente, sobre o quinto tema desta obra, em que é apresentado um “estudo particular” sobre este “problema”. Destacamos que, ao discorrer sobre o “problema da educação de adultos” e sobre a educação de uma maneira geral, a obra e pensamento de Álvaro Vieira Pinto têm muito a contribuir com discussões ainda pertinentes e atuais no campo educacional. Faz-se necessário retomar as leituras e as críticas que este intelectual faz ao modelo de escolarização e aos métodos de ensino para, então, entendermos que o “problema” está, principalmente, nas compreensões que se fazem sobre o ser adulto.
Herbal Medicine for the Management of Laxative Activity
Authors: Thiruvengadam Muthu , Shariati Mohammad Ali , Akram Muhammad , Zainab Rida , Daniyal Muhammad , Bankole Marc Moboladji , Rebezov Maksim , Okuskhanova Eleonora
Published: August 2021

Constipation is one of the most common and prevalent chronic gastrointestinal conditions across the globe that is treated or managed through various methods. Laxatives are used for the treatment or management of chronic/acute constipation. But due to the adverse effects associated with these laxatives, herbal foods should be considered as alternative therapies for constipation. In this review, the laxative potential of plant-based medicines used for constipation is discussed. Constipation may be caused by various factors such as lifestyle, particular food habits, pregnancy and even due to some medication. Chronic constipation is responsible for different health issues. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological paradigms are applied for the treatment or management of constipation. In the pharmacological way of treatment, medicinal plants have a key role because of their fibrous nature. Numerous plants such as Prunus persica (Rosaceae), Cyamopsis tetragonolobus (Leguminosae), Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae), Planta goovata (Plantaginaceae), Rheum emodi (Polygonaceae), Cassia auriculata (Caesalpinacea), Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae), Croton tiglium (Euphorbiaceae), Aloe barbadensis (Liliaceae), Mareya micrantha (Euphorbiaceae), Euphorbia thymifolia (Euphorbiaceae), Cascara sagrada (Rhamnaceae), Cassia angustifolia (Fabaceae) have laxative activity. Medicinal plants possess a significant laxative potential and support their folklore; therefore, further, well-designed clinical-based studies are required to prove and improve the efficacy of herbal medicine for constipation. The present review showed that herbs laxative effect in various in-vivo/ in-vitro models.
A Review of Chemistry and Pharmacology of Piperidine Alkaloids of Pinus
and Related Genera
Authors: Saxena Gauri , Singh Lav , Upadhyay Atul K. , Dixit Pooja , Singh Arpit , Yadav Divyanshu , Chhavi Apurv , Konar Suraj , Srivastava Ravi Prakash , Pandey Shivaraman , Devkota Hari Prasad , Verma Praveen C.
Published: August 2021

Background:

Pinus belongs to the family Pinaceae, represented by several species across the globe. Various parts of the plant including needles are rich in biologically active compounds, such as thunbergol, 3-carene, cembrene, -pinene, quercetin, xanthone. Of all the alkaloids, the piperidine group is one of the important component and holds considerable medicinal importance.

Methods:

The group of alkaloids was initially identified from the genus Piper through which a large variety of piperidine molecules have been extracted. The planar structure of this heterocyclic nucleus enables acetamide groups to be added at various ring configurations.

Results:

Piperidines have gained considerable importance. The broad range of its therapeutic application has paved a way for researchers to implant the nucleus from time to time in diversified pharmacophores and establish new profile.

Discussion:

Biological functions of piperidine metabolites have been mostly examined on a limited scale, and that most of the findings are preliminary. We have tried to present various clinical applications of piperidine alkaloids in this study that researchers have already attempted to demystify with time.

Conclusion:

We have also illustrated different types of piperidine structures and their sources in different members of the family Pinaceae with special emphasis on Pinus. Given the importance of the piperidine nucleus, the study will enable the researchers to produce scaffolds of highest therapeutic efficacy.
HCV and Autoimmunity in Rheumatic Diseases
Authors: Altomare Alberto , Corrado Addolorata , Maruotti Nicola , Cici Daniela , Cantatore Francesco Paolo
Published: August 2021

:

HCV is a global health problem affecting mainly the liver and is often characterized by extrahepatic manifestations mediated by autoimmune reactions. Among these, arthritis and arthralgia are most frequent, as well as the presence of cryoglobulinemia that may induce vasculitis and sicca syndrome. Thus, HCV appears to be a trigger for an autoimmune response, as demonstrated by the finding of autoantibody in a high percentage of serum of these patients. Therefore, it is important that clinicians recognize these autoimmune manifestations as symptoms due to an autoimmune activity triggered by HCV in order to give the correct diagnosis and start an effective therapeutic strategy. Therefore, clinical examination, searching of markers of infection, as well as autoantibody patterns should be performed to make a correct differential diagnosis. The treatment should be based on antiviral drugs associated with immunosuppressive drugs according to autoimmune manifestations.