bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Benefits of High Intensity Exercise on the Brain of a Drug Abuser
Authors: Cabral Daniel , Tavares Vagner , da Costa Kell , Nascimento Paulo , Faro Heloiana , Elsangedy Hassan , Fontes Eduardo
Published: May 2018

Chronic drug abuse has been shown to cause dysfunctions on the frontal lobe and affect cognition, cardiac autonomic control and psychosocial aspects. Despite physical exercise has been shown to improve cerebral functioning, the effects of a high intensity exercise training program needs to be further explored in a drug abuse condition. The patient was a 32-year-old male who has been an alcohol and crack/cocaine user for 20 years. The high intensity exercise training protocol consisted of four 30-second “all-out” bouts performed three times per week during four weeks. The participant had electroencephalographic (EEG) activity, cognition, cardiac autonomic control and psychosocial questionnaires evaluated before and after high intensity exercise training. Prefrontal cortex (PFC) oxygenation during an incremental running exercise test was also recorded. EEG topographical analysis revealed greater PFC activation during the cognitive test. Performance on the cognitive test was enhanced (l number of total errors and reaction time). Parasympathetic cardiac indices, including RMSSD, SDNN, Pnn50% and HF power increased by 77.4%, 83.3%, 57.7% and 293.2%, respectively. Sleep quality increased 23% and anxiety levels decreased 52.6%. Psychological and social domains increased 5.3% and 13.7%, respectively. In addition, incremental treadmill running time increased 12.5% and PFC oxyhemoglobin increased 228.2% at the beginning of the treadmill test, 305.4% at the middle and 359.4% at the end of the test. Thus, high intensity exercise training improved PFC functioning, cardiac autonomic control and psychological parameters. These results might indicate high intensity exercise as an alternative and non-pharmacological tool to help the rehabilitation of a drug abuser.
Intention to Purchase Chapters of Online Literature: A Pilot Study in Thailand
Authors: Chuengprapa Duangkamol , Wongpinunwatana Nitaya
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the factors that influence the intention to purchase chapters of online literature. This study is based on descriptive research using an online survey. The results indicate that six factors (favorable attitude from social norms, functional dependence on platform, emotional attachment to content creator, perceived benefit, perceived sacrifice, and perceived value) can be used to predict the intention to purchase online literature. The findings of this research will help practitioners by providing a guideline to improve products and services. This research combines the value intention model, status quo bias theory, and integration of attachment theory and socio-technical systems, and as far as the author knows, these theories have never before been studied together.
Influence of Real Exchange Rate and Volatility on FDI Inflow in Nigeria
Authors: Muhammad Saidu D. , Azu Nnanna P. , Oko Ngozi F.
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this research is to ascertain the effect of real exchange rate fluctuation and its volatility on inward flow of FDI with Nigeria as a focal country, between 1970 to 2014. The research applied GARCH (1,1) to ascertain the level of volatility and ARDL model was used to determine the relevant results-these techniques were adopted for their robustness in estimation. It could be revealed that the effects of exchange rate and exchange rate volatility are more of a short-run phenomenon; while devaluation would increase inflow of FDI, volatility makes foreign investors more sceptical with increasing uncertainty. Increasing uncertainty could deter inflow of FDI into the country. Having captured the effect of political regime in the model, the paper reveals that a democratic regime should be the mainstay since it attracts more foreign investment compared to the military regimes. Therefore, even though devaluation is good, it would be better under civil government regimes.
Putting Words into Action: Marketing Organic Products with Existing Brand Associations
Authors: Vos Maren , Bartels Jos
Published: May 2018

As consumer interest in organic products continues to grow, brands are increasingly adding organic variants to their product lines. However, consumer evaluations of these actions are not straightforward and differ for brands with various associations or within different product contexts. Previous research has shown that products with credence attributes, such as organic products, are often judged by brand name and consumers’ existing brand associations. The current study adds to previous work on brand equity and brand associations by explicitly considering the context and characteristics of these branded organic products. First, a pretest determined the existing brands’ corporate social responsibility (CSR) and corporate ability (CA) associations. Next, an online experiment tested consumers’ perceptions of brand equity, consumers’ trust in the brands and consumers’ purchase intentions, which were analyzed using a fully parallel, multiple-mediator process model with the experimental conditions as independent variables. The results show that brand equity increases most when a brand associated with both CA and CSR introduces an organic product. In addition, consumers trust this brand more compared to brands that are less strongly associated with CSR. Moreover, the intention to purchase organic products increases as brand equity increases, but the intention to purchase organic products does not increase as trust increases. Based on these results, we conclude that brands aiming to increase their value to positively affect consumers’ purchase intentions of their organic products benefit most when they are highly associated with both CSR and CA.
Celebrity Endorsement in Advertisement on Destination Choice Among Generation Y in Hong Kong
Authors: Chan Grace Suk Ha , Lee Ada Lai Yung , Wong Connie Hiu Man
Published: May 2018

This study investigated celebrity endorsement for travel destination choice. The study also adopted Hong Kong’s Generation Y as an example and explored the affective image and visitation intention. By using quantitative approach, the study analyzed Hong Kong’s Generation Y that relates to celebrity endorsement for travel destination choice. The results affirm that the hypothesis was corroborated. Celebrity endorsement delivers favorable affective image towards Generation Y. In addition, the study confirms that favorable affective image positively affects the visit intention of Generation Y to travel destinations. However, marketers must understand how to make use of celebrity endorsement to influence Generation Y on their destination choice and finally turn their intention to purchase action.
Examining New Product Financial Performance Through Marketing Intelligence Quality, Customer Interaction Capabilities and Customer-Centric Commitment on Jordan’s Micro Retail Fashions
Authors: Al-Zyadat Akif Yousef , Al-Zyadat Ayed
Published: May 2018

The purpose of this paper is to examine and test the mediator of customer interaction capabilities in relationship with quality market intelligence (MIQ) and customer centric commitment (CCC) with the new products performance (NPP). This paper chooses 184 micro retail fashions and examines the relationship of MIQ, CCC with CIC and NPP. The findings indicate that MIQ only affects the NPP, while the CCC is not. Nonetheless, CIC actually mediate the relationship between MIQ and CCC with NPP. By examining the diverse learning literature market, CRM, NPD and entrepreneurship, this paper offers a unique analysis on the quality of market intelligence and customer centric commitment and their impact on customer interaction capability and performance of new products. Conceptual and empirical discussion results to extend previous research on market orientation culture on SMEs.
Different Numerical Inversion Algorithms of the Laplace Transform for the Solution of the Advection-Diffusion Equation with Non-local Closure in Air Pollution Modeling
Authors: Da Costa Camila Pinto , Rui Karine , Pérez-Fernández Léslie Darien
Published: May 2018

In this paper, a three-dimensional solution of the steady-state advection-diffusion equation is obtained applying the Generalized Integral Advection Diffusion Multilayer Technique (GIADMT), considering non-local closure for turbulent flow. Two different parameterizations were considering for the countergradient term and different methods of numerical inversion for inverse Laplace transform. The results were compared with the experimental data of Copenhagen experiment by an evaluation of statistical indices to analyse the solution of the equation through the methods of numerical inversion. Differents parameterizations for the vertical turbulent eddy diffusivity and wind profile were utilized. The results show a good agreement with the experiment and the methods of numerical inversion for inverse Laplace transform show same efficacy.
Parallel Implementation of a Two-level Algebraic ILU(k)-based Domain Decomposition Preconditioner
Authors: Nievinski Italo Cristiano L. , Souza Michael , Goldfeld Paulo , Augusto Douglas Adriano , Rodrigues José Roberto P. , Carvalho Luiz Mariano
Published: May 2018

We discuss the parallel implementation of a two-level algebraic ILU(k)-based domain decomposition preconditioner using the PETSc library. We present strategies to improve performance and minimize communication among processes during setup and application phases. We compare our implementation with an off-the-shelf preconditioner in PETSc for solving linear systems arising in reservoir simulation problems, and show that for some cases our implementation performs better.
The effect of the duration of service period on milk production of cows
Authors: Kursakova Т А , Perov N In , Zaitseva О V
Published: May 2018

The article presents the changes of reproductive ability of cows depending on their level of milk production. It is concluded that with increasing milk production is the lengthening of service period of cows, which, however, has little effect on average daily milk yield for lately period.
Comparative evaluation of the seasonal dynamics of live weight of mares of different genotypes
Authors: Lefler T F , Volkov A D , Kolomeets Y Y
Published: May 2018

The article presents the results of a study of the adaptive dynamics of a live weight of native mares Khakass groups Orlov trotter, Russian trotter breed and Russian Heavy Draft. In horse breeding at the year-round grazing horses, the main problem associated with adverse to the body of animals and the longest winter tebenevochnym period. Quality wintering herd horses depends largely on the ability to retain fatness (conditionally resistance) during this difficult period. Applied today assessment of the herd of horses that are on tebenevke by visual inspection, does not allow to identify the start of a sharp loss of body weight, as a result of animals are depleted, which leads to an increase in the number of abortions in mares and waste both young and adult population. Investigations were carried out to study the adaptive dynamics of a live weight of mares in a year-round grazing for timely identification of the onset of critical changes. Degree horses adapt to seasonal rhythms in a year-round grazing animals reflects their annual dynamics of live weight. This indicator is one of the criteria for adaptation to breeding conditions. Comparative seasonal dynamics of the live weight of the mares of different genotypes studied by seasons by the formula AA Motorina [1]. During the year, the mares of different genotypes reacted differently to the drastically changing feed, temperature, physiological, and others. Factors. Hardier mare were Khakass groups. They are less than animals of other genotypes, react to the current level of feeding and management, sharp temperature changes. What does the change of body weight in the autumn-winter period (1.0-1.9 vs. 2.5-3.8%), autumn-spring (against 15,9-17,4 17,0-20,9) and autumn-summer (against 10,4-11,3 10,8-13,0%), indicating that a good adaptation mares Khakass groups to environmental factors.
The results of growing method on the artichoke (cynara scolymus) in the green house
Authors: Z Erdenechimeg , J Chuluunbaatar , G Solongo , L Davaa
Published: May 2018

Leafing uniform reach on July 18th, artichoke plants grown by previous year’s root parts were reach to leafing uniform 6 days later; flowering was noted in both growing methods the same on July 20th. The maturity period from flowering stage was the same 35 days in both growing methods, respectively. Hearth quantity was 11 pieces per plant in average in root part grown plants; this was 2.2 times and 6 pieces more by than grown by seedlings. Mean weight of artichoke heart in root part grown plants by 40,5% in comparison to plants grown by seedlings, but total heart weight per plant was higher by 82,3%. Quantity of heart was higher by 2.2 times per plant in root part grown plants, but mean weight was lower. To see impact of growing method in yield per unit field, mean yield was 5,62 kg/m2 in seedling growing variants; but it was 15.3 kg or 2.7 times higher in root part growing variants. To compare yield of two experimental years, in 2014 yield was higher generally; in seedling grown variant 6.97 kg/m2 and this was higher by 62.8% in 2015; root part grown variant 23.1 kg or higher by 3 times than in 2015. Result of disperse analysis was 9.72 kg/m2 in 2014, 2.22 kg/m2 in 2015; this had shown a significant yield difference.
Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from zygotic embryo-derived callus cultures of allium altaicum pall.
Authors: М Zavzandulam , B Buyanchimeg , V Enkhchimeg
Published: May 2018

Altain onion (Allium altaicum Pall.) grows wildly under different ecological conditions and one of the listed rare plant in Red Data Book of Mongolia. Allium altaicum pall belong to a member of the onion family (Alliaceae) and has been used for both culinary and traditional medicine and a perennial herb.The purpose of this research is to get micropropogated plants in in vitro condition from Mongolian the Allium altaicum Pall tissue culture. Allium altaicum Pall. regeneration from zygotic embryo was 70% in MS medium with 0.5 mg/l 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid, 0.2 mg/l kinetin compare to control. Convenient condition for primary callus induction observed in MS medium with 1 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 0.6 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine, 2mg/l glycine by 50.4%. Regeneration of callus induction was 61.3% and somatic embryos formed plantlets on regeneration 0.1 мг/л 2,4-D 0.1 mg/l 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 1 мг/л BAP 1 mg/l 6-benzylaminopurine.
Results of potato varietieis for drought tolerance in vitro conditoin
Authors: B Enkhbold , O Ninjmaa , Kh Nyamgerel
Published: May 2018

The laboratory’s experiment conducted at IPAS in 2017. The goal of this study was to evaluate drought stress tolerance of released potato varieties using PEG-6000 in-vitro condition. Middle maturing variety Gala, early maturing Solist and Quarta were used experiment. The objectives were to determine how osmosis pressure affected potato plantlet height, root length, total weight of biomass, and stem diameter using their index comparing to normal condition. The screening experiment used three different treatments. The water stress treatments 0 MPa (control), -0.05 MPa and -0,15 MPa were created by PEG-6000. 6 weeks’ year’s old plantlets were measured by 5 features. The variety Gala showed significant high index by 5 performances among the stressed condition compared to Quarta and Solist. The variety Quarta also showed high performance compared Solist. As a result of this study found out that cultivar Gala more tolerant to drought than Quarta and Solist.
Need's assessment on urban land
Authors: I Myagmarjav , P Myagmartseren , G Namsrai
Published: May 2018

In the framework of land use planning 2016-2030, the general population growth and needs of social infrastructures in conjunction with the amount of land required for urban development had been estimated. Based on the overall estimation of the total population of Darkhan-Uul province in 2030, the statistical number will be 104426 inhabitants in total and there were estimated the population growth of administrative units population: Darkhan district 85230 inhabitants, Orkhon 3856 inhabitants, Sharyin gol district 9086 inhabitants, Hongor district 6579 inhabitants. In our research, had been used the needs assessment method, where estimated required area and main needs for secondary schools, kindergartens, hospitals and commercial services in accordance with the number of the projected population and district capacity.
Joaquín Varela (In memoriam)
Authors: Torres del Moral Antonio
Published: May 2018

Joaquín Varela (In memoriam)
La Monarquía en la Historia constitucional española
Authors: Varela Suanzes-Carpegna Joaquín
Published: May 2018

1. SOBERANÍA Y MONARQUÍA. 2. MONARQUÍA Y DIVISIÓN DE PODERES. 3. LA CONFIANZA REGIA Y PARLAMENTARIA DE LOS MINISTROS. 4. EL FRACASO DE LA MONARQUÍA PARLAMENTARIA EN LA HISTORIA CONSTITUCIONAL ESPAÑOLA. 5. LA MONARQUÍA PARLAMENTARIA EN LA TEORÍA CONSTITUCIONAL ESPAÑOLA. 6. APÉNDICE: LA IMPORTANCIA DE LA MONARQUÍA EN LA HISTORIA DE ESPAÑA.
Antecedentes, surgimiento y conformación del Estado autonómico en la Constitución de 1978
Authors: Rebollo Delgado Lucrecio
Published: May 2018

Resumen:El presente artículo realiza un análisis de los precedentes inmediatos en la emergencia del Estado autonómico, de la elaboración del texto constitucional de 1978, singularmente de los contenidos constitucionales relativos a la organización territorial, su desarrollo posterior, y los problemas actuales.Abstract:The present article tries to realize an analysis of the immediate precedents of the emergence of the autonomic State, how the constitutional text grew, and singularly as it went over to the making of the constitutional content relative to the territorial distribution of the politician, as well as like its development, realizing a few juridical-political evaluations of this constitutional period after forty years of validity.Summary:1. Introduction. 2. Immediate precedents: II Republic. 3. The defeat of the integral State. 4. The territorial question from 1936 to 1975. 5. The emergence of the autonomic State: Political context and preautonomies. 6. The constituent process. 7. The debate on nation and nationalities: the making of the art. 2 CE. 8. The creation of the autonomies. 9. The Title VIII or the constitutional lack of definition. 10. Conclusions.
La evolución de las competencias compartidas bases-desarrollo
Authors: Montilla Martos José Antonio
Published: May 2018

Resumen:En este trabajo se analiza la evolución de las competencias compartidas en España, cuando al Estado corresponde establecer las bases en una materia y a las Comunidades Autónomas el desarrollo normativo y la ejecución. La concepción material de las bases fue concebida como una garantía para el ejercicio de las competencias autonómicas en el supuesto de inactividad del Estado. Por ello, tenía un carácter temporal. Sin embargo, se ha convertido en la práctica en un cauce que permite al Estado agotar la regulación de la materia. Esta situación ha resultado consolidada tras la sentencia del Tribunal Constitucional sobre el Estatuto de Autonomía de Cataluña en cuanto se han eliminado los límites que hasta ese momento había puesto al legislador estatal para determinar las bases en una materia de competencia compartida. En este contexto, se propone una reconfiguración de la forma de determinar las bases del Estado, con participación de las Comunidades Autónomas.Abstract:In this paper, the evolution of shared competence in Spain is analyzed, when the State has to establish the bases in a subject and the Autonomous Communities the normative development and execution. The material conception of the bases was conceived as a guarantee for the exercise of autonomic competence in the case of state inactivity. Therefore, it had a temporary character. However, in practice it has become a channel that allows the State to exhaust the regulation of matter. This situation has been consolidated after the judgement of the Constitutional Court on the Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia as soon as the limits that until that moment had put to the state legislator to determine the bases in a matter of shared competence have been eliminated. In this context, a reconfiguration of the way to determine the bases of the State is proposed, with the participation of the Autonomous Communities. Summary:1. The shared competences bases-development in the Constitution; 2.  The material conception of the basics as a guarantee of autonomous regulatory development in the origins of the Autonomous State; 3. The formalization of the basics and its limits; 4. The deformalisation and unlimited expansion of the basics from STC 31/2010; 5. The imposition of the bases on the Statute of autonomy from STC 31/2010; 6. The application of the clause of prevalence for the non-application of autonomous rules contrary to databases which have arisen; 7. Conclusion: the need to modify the way to determine the bases.
El modelo autonómico español como antídoto del federalismo
Authors: López Mira Álvaro Xosé
Published: May 2018

Resumen:El trabajo analiza la evolución del modelo español de organización territorial del Estado, desde un planteamiento crítico con lo ocurrido en los últimos años, y reclamando como necesario un cambio de orientación, que debería ir en la línea del modelo federal. Abstract:The paper analyzes the evolution of the Spanish model of territorial organisation of the State, from a critical approach with what has happened in the last few years, and calling for a change of direction, that should go in the federal model line.
El Protocolo Oficial del Estado 40 años después de la aprobación de la Constitución
Authors: Sánchez González Dolores del Mar
Published: May 2018

Resumen:En esta publicación se trata de analizar la aplicabilidad del Decreto de Precedencias de 1983 creado ex profeso para la nueva estructura constitucional, aún vigente y totalmente inadecuado con la realidad institucional y política actual, de forma que debe modificarse a base de costumbre ante la falta de intencionalidad política alguna de acometer su reforma.Abstract:The purpose of this publication is to analyze the applicability of the 1983 Precedence Decree created for the new constitutional structure, still in force and totally inadequate with the current institutional and political reality, so that it must be modified on a customary basis in the absence of political intentions to undertake its reform.
Résister aux injustices impériales en citant Isaïe
Authors: Doane Sébastien
Published: May 2018

La première citation prophétique de l’Évangile selon Matthieu (1,23) est certainement la plus commentée du Nouveau Testament et le texte cité (Is 7,14) est un des plus difficiles à interpréter. Cet article développe le rapport intertextuel entre Is 6–12 et Mt 1–2 pour présenter ces textes comme des récits subversifs du pouvoir impérial dans une perspective postcoloniale. En s’intéressant à la situation politique plus large de ces deux références, de nouvelles possibilités de sens apparaissent. La relecture des promesses d’Isaïe en Matthieu a permis aux premiers lecteurs de cet évangile de mettre en perspective les injustices qu’ils subissent et le questionnement théologique qu’ils portent après la destruction de Jérusalem en 70. Tout comme l’enfant annoncé par Isaïe, en Matthieu, l’Emmanuel est montré dès sa naissance comme un signe de résistance au pouvoir impérial. Citer Isaïe dans ce contexte est une façon d’ouvrir un espace de critique aux valeurs impériales.
Perspective Criticism and the Study of Narrative Biblical Literature
Authors: Miceli Calogero A.
Published: May 2018

In his recent works, Watching a Biblical Narrative : Point of View in Biblical Exegesis (2007) and Perspective Criticism : Point of View and Evaluative Guidance in Biblical Narrative (2012), Gary Yamasaki has introduced a new methodology, entitled Perspective Criticism, for analyzing biblical literature. The following paper seeks to evaluate whether or not this proposed method is a viable tool for use in the study of biblical texts. In order to do so, the account of the hemorrhaging woman (Mark 5 : 24-34) is used as a test case. In the story, the implied reader is provided with background information about the history and motivation of the hemorrhaging woman. Rather than focusing solely on the protagonist Jesus, the narrator shifts the focus of the story onto the woman and explains her unsuccessful attempts, over the years, to find a cure for her ailment. In employing the Perspective Criticism methodology, the following paper argues that the implied author has purposefully inserted this privileged information, which is achronological to the narrative time of the pericope, in order to elicit empathy from the reader with the woman. The account offers the audience the ability to see previous events from the woman’s point-of-view in order to understand her tragic struggle and emotionally connect with her inner thoughts.
La lecture selon Pascal Quignard : de la pratique intime à la transmission
Authors: Spriet Stella
Published: May 2018

L’univers de Pascal Quignard est peuplé de personnages qui lisent en silence, plongés alors dans la plus profonde solitude. Grâce à ces lectures, ils accèdent à un autre monde, mais cette activité n’est pas sans danger car elle engendre une dépossession de soi. Cette étude propose d’interroger les conditions de ce passage d’un monde à l’autre et de ce soudain franchissement du seuil, en insistant sur l’extase dont est victime tout lecteur fasciné. De plus, dans l’oeuvre quignardienne, lecture et écriture se conjuguent. En effet, plusieurs textes servent de point de départ à une réflexion, sur le fragment ou sur le silence par exemple, et permettent à l’auteur, dans le même temps, de circonscrire sa propre pratique. Dans ses récits fictifs, l’auteur part certes de textes généralement anciens, mais il opère des déplacements multiples, tout en dynamisant la langue et en tentant de décloisonner et de repenser les genres littéraires.
Seuils du sacré : les portes du réel
Authors: Lapeyre-Desmaison Chantal
Published: May 2018

Évoquer le sacré pourrait surprendre à propos d’une oeuvre qui défend depuis longtemps un athéisme rigoureux, conçu comme une libération, un désabusement, en particulier dans La barque silencieuse. Mais si l’on y prête attention, le lexique de la spiritualité est très fréquent dans l’oeuvre et l’idée d’une possible sacralité revient à plusieurs reprises, toujours associée à des frontières, des passages, des seuils — êtres, objets, lieux. C’est le sens de ce mot, pour Pascal Quignard, sa géographie intime, à travers le recensement de ses seuils, tels qu’ils se manifestent dans l’oeuvre, et à travers l’effet produit par leur franchissement dans l’un ou l’autre sens, qu’il s’agit ici d’approcher. L’étude interroge tout d’abord la nature du sacré dans l’oeuvre, puis en recense les seuils. Cette analyse permet enfin d’interroger, dans ce contexte, le sens du profane et de la profanation, la valeur que leur confère cette oeuvre, et la manière dont elle ouvre à la possibilité de penser de manière dynamique le sens de la tension sacré/profane dans la période contemporaine.
Pascal Quignard et les portes du féminin
Authors: Martin Xavier
Published: May 2018

À de nombreuses reprises dans l’oeuvre de Pascal Quignard, des hommes se trouvent face à des portes fermées : Henry Purcell, qui meurt de froid à l’entrée de sa propre maison, Bruno Bettelheim rentrant des camps de la mort, qui voit sa femme lui fermer la porte au nez, Patrick Carrion et son père qui n’ont pas accès à la pièce de la maison que se réserve madame Carrion, ou le narrateur de Vie secrète qui, racontant ses angoisses devant la porte de celle qu’il aime, ne sait jamais si elle lui sera ouverte ou non. Ainsi, une scène se répète au fil des livres, des hommes se heurtent à la porte d’un espace féminin, et un sentiment d’exclusion s’en dégage. Les femmes ont le pouvoir de laisser entrer des hommes dans le lieu qu’elles ont investi, mais elles peuvent aussi refuser. À partir de la notion de porte, cet article propose d’étudier une des dynamiques de la relation hommes-femmes dans l’oeuvre de Quignard. Le corps des femmes peut accueillir ou, au contraire, rejeter. Leur sexe est souvent présenté comme une porte qui ouvre sur le premier monde, le monde prénatal, mais il est aussi le point de passage de l’enfant qui naît et expérimente la détresse originaire propre au deuxième monde. Le nouveau-né vient d’être chassé de son royaume, mais, comme Adam qui a encore un pied dans la porte, sur la fresque de Masaccio Adam et Ève chassés du paradis, son corps conserve une trace de ce qu’il a vécu.
Mathematical modelling and analysis of elite athletes’ sprint data to study the rate and regulation of ATP during a maximal exercise of short duration
Authors: Chuckravanen Dineshen , Ahlimale Laila , Rajbhandari Sujan
Published: May 2018

According to the energy supply/energy depletion model, it is not clear how the depletion of substrates (adenosine triphosphate) affects sprint performance. Therefore, this research was conducted to find out how the human organism regulates the amount and the rate of adenosine triphosphate to observe how these factors affect performance specifically during a maximal exercise of short duration.It was found there was a causal relationship between percentage of PCr and speed which might affect sprint performance.The percentage of chemical energy derived from the anaerobic energy system was found to be 95% for 100-m sprint running. The rate constant for the PCr anaerobic metabolic energy process (0.31s-1) was found to be greater than that of the oxygen-independent glycolysis metabolic process (0.11s-1) and these rate constants affect sprint performance.
Evolving reactive agents with SignalGP
Authors: Lalejini Alexander , Ofria Charles
Published: May 2018

We introduce SignalGP, a technique for creating digital organisms that harnesses the event-driven programming paradigm. These organisms can evolve to automatically react to signals from the environment or from other agents in a biologically-inspired manner. In addition to introducing SignalGP, we summarize previous results demonstrating the value of the event-driven paradigm in environments dominated by agent-agent and agent-environment interaction. Our full introduction to SignalGP will be published in the proceedings of the 2018 Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference (pre-print: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1804.05445.pdf).
Determinan Variasi Klaim Penyakit Stroke Peserta Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional Rumah Sakit X Sumatera Utara
Authors: Mahulae Joan Xaveria , Ilyas Jaslis
Published: May 2018

Abstrak Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh IHME pada tahun 2010 terkait Global Burden of Disease menunjukkan bahwa stroke merupakan penyebab kematian terbesar di Indonesia. Pembiayaan penyakit stroke oleh BPJS Kesehatan menduduki peringkat kedua terbesar setelah penyakit jantung. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mengetahui karakteristik dominan yang memicu variasi klaim pasien stroke rawat inap peserta JKN di RS X Sumatera Utara Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan cross sectional dan analisis multivariat dengan uji regresi linear. Karakteristik yang dominan berhubungan dengan total klaim pasien stroke adalah kelas perawatan (p-value=0,0005), jenis kepesertaan (p-value=0,0005), lama hari rawat (p-value= 0,004), dan tingkat keparahan ( p-value = 0,0005). Abstract Refers to IHME study in 2010 about Global Burden of Disease shows that stroke is one of the highest cause of mortality in Indonesia. While the expenditure by BPJS Health for stroke is the 2nd highest after heart disease. This study aims to determine the most dominant characteristics associated with the total claims of stroke patients covered by JKN for inpatient service at X Hospital by doing multivar­iate analysis with variable linear regression method. The most significant characteristics are type of health care, type of membership, length of stay age, and level of severity. The finding shows that X Hospital is still not optimal in providing services for stroke. Some feasible efforts that can be considered are increasing the neurovascular experts and providing better diagnostic equipments in order to deliver the necessary treatment.
Differential expression patterns of housekeeping genes increase diagnostic and prognostic value in lung cancer
Authors: Chang Yu-Chun , Ding Yan , Dong Lingsheng , Zhu Lang-Jing , Jensen Roderick V. , Hsiao Li-Li
Published: May 2018

Background

Using DNA microarrays, we previously identified 451 genes expressed in 19 different human tissues. Although ubiquitously expressed, the variable expression patterns of these “housekeeping genes” (HKGs) could separate one normal human tissue type from another. Current focus on identifying “specific disease markers” is problematic as single gene expression in a given sample represents the specific cellular states of the sample at the time of collection. In this study, we examine the diagnostic and prognostic potential of the variable expressions of HKGs in lung cancers.

Methods

Microarray and RNA-seq data for normal lungs, lung adenocarcinomas (AD), squamous cell carcinomas of the lung (SQCLC), and small cell carcinomas of the lung (SCLC) were collected from online databases. Using 374 of 451 HKGs, differentially expressed genes between pairs of sample types were determined via two-sided, homoscedastic t-test. Principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering classified normal lung and lung cancers subtypes according to relative gene expression variations. We used uni- and multi-variate cox-regressions to identify significant predictors of overall survival in AD patients. Classifying genes were selected using a set of training samples and then validated using an independent test set. Gene Ontology was examined by PANTHER.

Results

This study showed that the differential expression patterns of 242, 245, and 99 HKGs were able to distinguish normal lung from AD, SCLC, and SQCLC, respectively. From these, 70 HKGs were common across the three lung cancer subtypes. These HKGs have low expression variation compared to current lung cancer markers (e.g., EGFR, KRAS) and were involved in the most common biological processes (e.g., metabolism, stress response). In addition, the expression pattern of 106 HKGs alone was a significant classifier of AD versus SQCLC. We further highlighted that a panel of 13 HKGs was an independent predictor of overall survival and cumulative risk in AD patients.

Discussion

Here we report HKG expression patterns may be an effective tool for evaluation of lung cancer states. For example, the differential expression pattern of 70 HKGs alone can separate normal lung tissue from various lung cancers while a panel of 106 HKGs was a capable class predictor of subtypes of non-small cell carcinomas. We also reported that HKGs have significantly lower variance compared to traditional cancer markers across samples, highlighting the robustness of a panel of genes over any one specific biomarker. Using RNA-seq data, we showed that the expression pattern of 13 HKGs is a significant, independent predictor of overall survival for AD patients. This reinforces the predictive power of a HKG panel across different gene expression measurement platforms. Thus, we propose the expression patterns of HKGs alone may be sufficient for the diagnosis and prognosis of individuals with lung cancer.
Global opportunities for mariculture development to promote human nutrition
Authors: Liu Owen R. , Molina Renato , Wilson Margaret , Halpern Benjamin S.
Published: May 2018

An estimated two billion people worldwide currently suffer from micronutrient malnutrition, and almost one billion are calorie deficient. Providing adequate nutrition is a growing global challenge. Seafood is one of the most important sources of both protein and micronutrients for many, yet production from wild capture fisheries has stagnated. In contrast, aquaculture is the world’s fastest-growing food production sector and now supplies over half of all seafood consumed globally. Mariculture, or the farming of brackish and marine species, accounts for roughly one-third of all aquaculture production and has received increasing attention as a potential supplement for wild-caught marine fisheries. By analyzing global patterns in seafood reliance, malnutrition levels, and economic opportunity, this study identifies where mariculture has the greatest potential to improve human nutrition. We calculate a mariculture opportunity index for 117 coastal nations by drawing on a diverse set of seafood production, trade, consumption, and nutrition data. Seventeen primary variables are combined into country-level scores for reliance on seafood, opportunity for nutritional improvement, and opportunity for economic development of mariculture. The final mariculture opportunity score identifies countries with high seafood reliance combined with high nutritional and economic opportunity scores. We find that island nations in Southeast Asia and the Caribbean are consistently identified as countries with high mariculture opportunity. In other regions, nutritional and economic opportunity scores are not significantly correlated, and we discuss the implications of this finding for crafting appropriate development policy. Finally, we identify key challenges to ameliorating malnutrition through mariculture development, including insufficient policy infrastructure, government instability, and ensuring local consumption of farmed fish. Our analysis is an important step towards prioritizing nations where the economic and nutritional benefits of expanding mariculture may be jointly captured.
Primary producers may ameliorate impacts of daytime CO2 addition in a coastal marine ecosystem
Authors: Bracken Matthew E.S. , Silbiger Nyssa J. , Bernatchez Genevieve , Sorte Cascade J.B.
Published: May 2018

Predicting the impacts of ocean acidification in coastal habitats is complicated by bio-physical feedbacks between organisms and carbonate chemistry. Daily changes in pH and other carbonate parameters in coastal ecosystems, associated with processes such as photosynthesis and respiration, often greatly exceed global mean predicted changes over the next century. We assessed the strength of these feedbacks under projected elevated CO2 levels by conducting a field experiment in 10 macrophyte-dominated tide pools on the coast of California, USA. We evaluated changes in carbonate parameters over time and found that under ambient conditions, daytime changes in pH, pCO2, net ecosystem calcification (NEC), and O2 concentrations were strongly related to rates of net community production (NCP). CO2 was added to pools during daytime low tides, which should have reduced pH and enhanced pCO2. However, photosynthesis rapidly reduced pCO2 and increased pH, so effects of CO2 addition were not apparent unless we accounted for seaweed and surfgrass abundances. In the absence of macrophytes, CO2 addition caused pH to decline by ∼0.6 units and pCO2 to increase by ∼487 µatm over 6 hr during the daytime low tide. As macrophyte abundances increased, the impacts of CO2 addition declined because more CO2 was absorbed due to photosynthesis. Effects of CO2addition were, therefore, modified by feedbacks between NCP, pH, pCO2, and NEC. Our results underscore the potential importance of coastal macrophytes in ameliorating impacts of ocean acidification.
Pelagic larval duration, growth rate, and population genetic structure of the tidepool snake morayUropterygius micropterusaround the southern Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, and the central Philippines
Authors: Huang Wen-Chien , Chang Jui-Tsung , Liao Chun , Tawa Atsushi , Iizuka Yoshiyuki , Liao Te-Yu , Shiao Jen-Chieh
Published: May 2018

The relationships between pelagic larval duration (PLD) and geographic distribution patterns or population genetic structures of fishes remain obscure and highly variable among species. To further understand the early life history of the tidepool snake morayUropterygius micropterusand the potential relationship between PLD and population genetic structure of this species, otolith microstructure and population genetics based on concatenated mtDNA sequence (cytochromeband cytochrome oxidase subunit I, 1,336 bp) were analyzed for 195 specimens collected from eight locations around the southern Ryukyu Islands, Taiwan, and the central Philippines. Eels with longer PLD and lower otolith growth rates were observed at relatively higher latitudes with lower water temperatures (54.6 ± 7.7 days and 1.28 ± 0.16 µm day−1on Ishigaki Island, Japan, vs. 43.9 ± 4.9 days and 1.60 ± 0.19 µm day−1on Badian, the Philippines), suggesting that leptocephali grew faster and had shortened pelagic periods in warmer waters. Meanwhile, the eels along the southwest coast of Taiwan had relatively longer PLD (57.9 ± 10.5 days), which might be associated with the more complex ocean current systems compared to their counterparts collected along the east coast of Taiwan (52.6 ± 8.0 days). However, the southwestern and eastern Taiwan groups had similar otolith growth rates (1.33 ± 0.19 µm day−1vs. 1.36 ± 0.16 µm day−1). Despite the intergroup variation in PLD, genetic analysis revealed fluent gene flow among the tidepool snake morays in the study regions, implying that intraspecies PLD variation had a weak effect on genetic structure. The leptocephalus stage might have ensured the widespread gene flow among the study areas and leptocephalus growth was likely influenced by regional water temperature.
Basal‐like breast cancer engages tumor‐supportive macrophages via secreted factors induced by extracellular S100A4
Authors: Prasmickaite Lina , Tenstad Ellen M. , Pettersen Solveig , Jabeen Shakila , Egeland Eivind V. , Nord Silje , Pandya Abhilash , Haugen Mads H. , Kristensen Vessela N. , Børresen‐Dale Anne‐Lise ,   Oslo Breast Cancer Research Consortium (OSBREAC), Engebråten Olav , Mælandsmo Gunhild M.
Published: May 2018

The tumor microenvironment (TME) may influence both cancer progression and therapeutic response. In breast cancer, particularly in the aggressive triple‐negative/basal‐like subgroup, patient outcome is strongly associated with the tumor's inflammatory profile. Tumor‐associated macrophages (TAMs) are among the most abundant immune cells in the TME, shown to be linked to poor prognosis and therapeutic resistance. In this study, we investigated the effect of the metastasis‐ and inflammation‐associated microenvironmental factor S100A4 on breast cancer cells (BCCs) of different subtypes and explored their further interactions with myeloid cells. We demonstrated that extracellular S100A4 activates BCCs, particularly the basal‐like subtype, to elevate secretion of pro‐inflammatory cytokines. The secreted factors promoted conversion of monocytes to TAM‐like cells that exhibited protumorigenic activities: stimulated epithelial–mesenchymal transition, proliferation, chemoresistance, and motility in cancer cells. In conclusion, we have shown that extracellular S100A4 instigates a tumor‐supportive microenvironment, involving a network of cytokines and TAM‐like cells, which was particularly characteristic for basal‐like BCCs and potentiated their aggressive properties. The S100A4–BCC–TAM interaction cascade could be an important contributor to the aggressive behavior of this subtype and should be further explored for therapeutic targeting.
Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate an Internet‐Based Self‐Management Program in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Khanna Dinesh , Serrano Jennifer , Berrocal Veronica J. , Silver Richard M. , Cuencas Pedro , Newbill Sharon L. , Battyany Josephine , Maxwell Cynthia , Alore Mary , Dyas Laura , Riggs Robert , Connolly Kerri , Kellner Saville , Fisher Jody J. , Bush Erica , Sachdeva Anjali , Evnin Luke , Raisch Dennis W. , Poole Janet L.
Published: May 2018

Objective

In a pilot study, our group showed that an internet‐based self‐management program improves self‐efficacy in systemic sclerosis (SSc). The objective of the current study was to compare an internet‐based self‐management program to a patient‐focused educational book developed to assess measures of self‐efficacy and other patient‐reported outcomes in patients with SSc.

Methods

We conducted a 16‐week randomized, controlled trial.

Results

Of the 267 participants who completed baseline questionnaires and were randomized to the intervention (internet: www.selfmanagescleroderma.com) or control (book) group, 123 participants (93%) in the internet group and 124 participants (94%) in the control group completed the 16‐week randomized controlled trial (RCT). The mean ± SD age of all participants was 53.7 ± 11.7 years, 91% were women, and 79.4% had some college or a higher degree. The mean ± SD disease duration after diagnosis of SSc was 8.97 ± 8.50 years. There were no statistical differences between the 2 groups for the primary outcome measure (Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System Self‐Efficacy for Managing Symptoms: mean change of 0.35 in the internet group versus 0.94 in the control group; P = 0.47) and secondary outcome measures, except the EuroQol 5‐domain instrument visual analog scale score (P = 0.05). Internet group participants agreed that the self‐management modules were of importance to them, the information was presented clearly, and the website was easy to use and at an appropriate reading level.

Conclusion

Our RCT showed that the internet‐based self‐management website was not statistically superior to an educational patient‐focused book in improving self‐efficacy and other measures. The participants were enthusiastic about the content and presentation of the self‐management website.
Nonisotropic Self‐Assembly of Nanoparticles: From Compact Packing to Functional Aggregates
Authors: Bouju Xavier , Duguet Étienne , Gauffre Fabienne , Henry Claude R. , Kahn Myrtil L. , Mélinon Patrice , Ravaine Serge
Published: May 2018

Quantum strongly correlated systems that exhibit interesting features in condensed matter physics often need an unachievable temperature or pressure range in classical materials. One solution is to introduce a scaling factor, namely, the lattice parameter. Synthetic heterostructures named superlattices or supracrystals are synthesized by the assembling of colloidal atoms. These include semiconductors, metals, and insulators for the exploitation of their unique properties. Most of them are currently limited to dense packing. However, some of desired properties need to adjust the colloidal atoms neighboring number. Here, the current state of research in nondense packing is summarized, discussing the benefits, outlining possible scenarios and methodologies, describing examples reported in the literature, briefly discussing the challenges, and offering preliminary conclusions. Penetrating such new and intriguing research fields demands a multidisciplinary approach accounting for the coupling of statistic physics, solid state and quantum physics, chemistry, computational science, and mathematics. Standard interactions between colloidal atoms and emerging fields, such as the use of Casimir forces, are reported. In particular, the focus is on the novelty of patchy colloidal atoms to meet this challenge.