bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Arylboronic Acid Pinacol Esters as Stable Boron Sources for Dihydrodibenzoborepin Derivatives and a Dibenzoborole
Authors: Kawaguchi Himeko , Fuse Kotomi , Maeda Nanoka , Kuwabara Takuya
Published: July 2024

The general synthesis of boron-containing cyclic compounds (boracycles) necessitates toxic organotin precursors or highly reactive boron halides. Here we report the synthesis of seven- and five-membered boracycles utilizing arylboronic acid pinacol esters (ArBpins) as stable boron sources. Grignard reagents generated from 2,2′-dibromodibenzyl or 2,2′-dibromobiphenyl reacted with ArBpins, where Ar = 9-anthryl (Anth), 2,4,6-trimethylphenyl (Mes), 2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl (Tip), to give 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]borepins or dibenzoborole derivatives. This Bpin-based method was successfully applied to a one-shot double boracycle formation, providing a dihydrodibenzoborepin–anthracene–dihydrodibenzoborepin triad molecule in a good yield. The dihydrodibenzoborepin bearing the Anth group was directly converted to the unsaturated borepin by NBS/AIBN. All products were characterized by NMR, HRMS, and in some cases, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Additionally, the photophysical properties of the products are also reported.
1-Methylcyclopropene and Bacillus Treatment Affects Blueberry Storage Quality and Antioxidant Levels
Authors: Wu Shuangshuang , Zhang Yan , Wang Mengyang , Liu Yahui , Li Lingxiang , He Feng , Xiao Jiaxin
Published: July 2024

Blueberries are rich in a variety of functional substances and have high nutritional and health values, but they are not resistant to decline during fresh storage. Here, the effects of six Bacillus species on storage quality of, and antioxidant levels in, the southern highbush blueberry ‘O'Neal’ fruit were investigated. Bacillus treatments reduced the fruit decay rate, slowed fruit quality decline, inhibited malondialdehyde accumulation, and increased superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activity levels. Bacillus altitudinis Y-14 had the best effect overall. Further, the effects of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), B. altitudinis Y-14, and 1-MCP+B. altitudinis Y-14 treatments on the storage quality and antioxidant of rabbiteye blueberry ‘Brightwell’ fruit were investigated, and each treatment effectively reduced the decay rate and weight loss of fruit. When stored for 25 days, the decay rate of the 1-MCP+B. altitudinis Y-14 group was only 8.33%, significantly lower than that of the control. The three treatments delayed the fruit quality decline, inhibited malondialdehyde accumulation, and increased superoxide dismutase and peroxidase activity levels. The 1-MCP+B. altitudinis Y-14 treatment had the best effect. Thus, the combined 1-MCP and B. altitudinis Y-14 treatment may be an effective way to improve the storage quality and extend the storage period of blueberries.
Integrating MILP, Discrete-Event Simulation, and Data-Driven Models for Distributed Flow Shop Scheduling using Benders Cuts
Authors: Wallrath Roderich , Franke Meik B.
Published: July 2024

Digitalization plays a crucial role in improving the performance of chemical companies. In this context, different modeling, simulation, and optimization techniques like MILP, discrete-event simulation (DES), and data-driven (DD) models are being used. Due to their heterogeneity, these techniques must be executed individually, and holistic optimization is a manual and time-consuming process. We propose Benders decomposition to combine these techniques into one rigorous optimization procedure. The main idea is that heterogeneous models can simultaneously be optimized as Benders subproblems. We illustrate this concept with the distributed permutation flow shop scheduling problem (DPFSP) and assume that a MILP, DES, and DD model exist for three flow shops. Our approach can compute bounds and report gap information on the optimal makespan for five medium-sized literature instances. The approach is promising because it enables the optimization of heterogeneous models and makes it possible to build optimization capabilities on an existing model and tool landscape in chemical companies.
Enhancing Submandibular Gland Resection: A Retrospective Study on the Efficacy of the ORBEYE 3D Exoscope
Authors: Yagi Masao , Morita Mizuki , Sakagami Tomofumi , Shimizu Minaki , Utsunomiya Toshiki , Suzuki Kensuke , Fujisawa Takuo , Iwai Hiroshi
Published: July 2024

Background/Objectives: Conventional surgery gland using the naked eye remains the standard for submandibular gland resection. Owing to its excellent automatic focus and high magnification, the ORBEYE 3D system introduces precise submandibular resection with less stress. Therefore, we examined the usefulness of the exoscope in submandibular gland resection for the first time. Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 12 patients who underwent submandibular gland resection using an ORBEYE exoscope at the Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology at Kansai Medical University from April 2021 to March 2024. Surgical outcomes were retrospectively reviewed. Results: The mean age of the 12 patients (six females and six males) was 58.5 years (23–83 years). The final histopathology showed pleomorphic adenoma in eight cases, non-sebaceous-type lymphadenoma and carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma in one case each, and sialolithiasis with chronic inflammation in two cases. We performed facial artery and vein sparing in all cases except one in which level I neck dissection, including the submandibular gland, was performed. In all cases, we identified the marginal mandibular branches of the facial, hypoglossal, and lingual nerves, as well as the submandibular duct. No postoperative complications occurred in any patient. The mean operative time was 104 min (80–129 min). The mean blood volume lost was 20 mL (5–43 mL). Conclusions: Using ORBEYE in submandibular gland resection will contribute to preserving the mandibular marginal branch of the facial and lingual nerves and the facial artery and vein, and visualizing the submandibular duct, which are important structures surrounding the submandibular gland.
Does the Presence of Bone Edema Have Any Significance in Terms of Outcomes for Plantar Fasciitis Treated with Temperature Controlled High Energy Adjustable Multi-Mode Emission Laser and Exercise?
Authors: Covelli Ilaria , De Giorgi Silvana , Di Lorenzo Antonio , Moretti Biagio , Solarino Giuseppe , Notarnicola Angela
Published: July 2024

Plantar fasciitis is one of the most common causes of foot pain; in a significant percentage it is also associated with bone edema of the heel. A prospective randomized clinical trial was designed, in which 48 patients suffering from plantar fasciitis, with or without bone edema, were treated with temperature controlled high energy adjustable multi-mode emission laser and exercises (laser group) or with exercises only (control group). Patients were evaluated at recruitment (T0), at 2 (T1) and 6 months (T2), monitoring pain (with Visual Analogue Scale), functionality (with Foot Function Index) and perception of improvement (with Roles and Maudsley Score) and fascia thickness (with ultrasound examination). In both groups there was a significant improvement in pain, functional recovery, perception of remission and a reduction in plantar fascia thickness at T1 and T2. The laser group presented statistically better values at T2 for the Roles and Maudsley Score (z: 2.21; 0.027). Regression analysis showed that a greater reduction in fascia thickness occurred in the laser group (p-value: 0.047). In conclusion, the two conservative treatments were effective in patients suffering from plantar fasciitis, even in the presence of bone edema, but with lesser results.
As-Built Monitoring of Concrete Structures
Authors: Adams Thomas , Wu Chu Han , Müller Steffen , Mechtcherine Viktor , Brell-Cokcan Sigrid
Published: July 2024

In the digital age, 3D as-built monitoring of structures and buildings is becoming increasingly important. It provides the basis for automated quality control and progress monitoring through as-built and as-planned model- comparisons, as well as 3D modelling for automated repair, refurbishment and reuse in existing construction. Especially for 3D model-based manufacturing processes such as additive manufacturing, efficient as-built monitoring is essen- tial to ensure the quality and accuracy of buildings and products. Therefore, three different 3D scanning devices have been evaluated for 3D as- built monitoring of concrete structures with different characteristics: An indus- trial handheld laser scanner commonly used in automotive and mechanical en- gineering, a mobile device with lidar for commercial public use, and a terrestri- al laser scanner commonly used for surveying. The devices were tested on 3D printed, cast, and assembled structures of different sizes and geometries. The scan results are compared to the as-planned models based on their dimen- sional distances using Cloud-to-Cloud Comparison (C2C). The results show that the applicability is highly dependent on the size, geometric complexity and surface texture of the concrete structures. While small and flat structures can be captured completely and with micrometer accuracy using the handheld industri- al laser scanner, terrestrial laser scanners are suitable for capturing large struc- tures and environments. The handheld, photogrammetry-based mobile device has demonstrated the broadest applicability for concrete structures. The accura- cy and coverage of the point cloud results were respectively high. Therefore, photogrammetry-based scanning with advanced mobile devices is a cost- effective, fast and portable alternative for 3D as-built monitoring and data ac- quisition of a wide range of concrete structures.
Water Resources of the Belarusian Polesie under the Influence of Anthropogenic Factors Using the Example of the Lan River
Authors: Volchak Alexander , Kirvel Ivan , Parfomuk Sergey , Sidak Svetlana
Published: July 2024

The work is devoted to assessing changes in the water regime of the Lan River in modern conditions and the near future with the aim of developing a strategy for the rational use of the water potential of small rivers in the Belarusian Polesie region. There was a tendency towards an increase in annual runoff at the Loktyshi and Mokrovo gauging stations during the study period from 1948 to 2015, which was caused by anthropogenic factors in the form of amelioration measures. Testing the hypothesis about the homogeneity of the runoff series under consideration for periods with different averaging intervals has showed heterogeneity for some types of runoff. This was caused by intensive economic activity, which significantly disrupts the natural hydrological regime. A runoff forecast was made for the Lan River at the Mokrovo gauging station for the period up to 2035 based on archive of meteorological data using a multi-model ensemble of four CMIP5 scenarios. A slight decrease in runoff was predicted, caused by additional evaporation from the water surface of the reservoir due to increased air temperature, as well as a slight shift in the peak of the spring flood to March. Results of calculating of permissible withdrawal of surface water from the Lan River for the needs of the Loktyshi fish farm have shown great influence of the fish farm on the river runoff volume that requires strict adherence to scientifically based regimes for managing the water regime of the Loktyshi Reservoir and the Loktyshi fish farm.
Solid Lipid Nanoparticles, an Alternative for the Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Authors: Llaguno-Munive Monserrat , Vazquez-Lopez Maria Inés , Garcia-Lopez Patricia
Published: July 2024

Within the field of nanomedicine, which is revolutionizing cancer treatment, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) have shown advantages over conventional chemotherapy when tested on cancer cells in preclinical studies. SLNs have proven to be an innovative strategy for the treatment of tri-ple-negative breast cancer cells, providing greater efficiency than existing treatments in various studies. The encapsulation of antineoplastic drugs in SLNs has facilitated a sustained, controlled, and targeted release, which enhances therapeutic efficiency and reduces adverse effects. Moreover, the surface of SLNs can be modified to increase efficiency. For instance, the coating of these particles with polyethylene glycol (PEG) decreases their opsonization, resulting in a longer life in the circulatory system. The creation of positively charged cationic SLNs (cSLNs), achieved by the utilization of surfactants or ionic lipids with positively charged structural groups, increases their affinity for cell membranes and plasma proteins. Hyaluronic acid has been added to SLNs, so that the distinct pH of tumor cells, would stimulate the release of the drug and/or genetic materi-al. The current revision summarizes the recent research on SLNs, focusing on the encapsulation and transport of therapeutic agents with a cytotoxic effect on triple-negative breast cancer.
Seroprevalence of Anti-SARS-CoV-2, IgM and IgG, and COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake in Nairobi, Kenya: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Otindo Agnes Muhonja , Ndombi Eric M , Theuri Martin , Muturi Margaret , Thamaini Peris , Ogutu James , Onsongo Lister , Madete June K. , Ofula Victor , Gitau Samuel , Mwangi Gladys , Okemo Paul
Published: July 2024

Seroprevalence of anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (anti-SARS-CoV-2) antibodies in the postvaccination period in Kenya remains to be elucidated. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG and evaluate vaccination uptake in Nairobi, Kenya. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a university setting. Serum anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG levels were assayed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Mann–Whitney U test was used for binary comparisons and Kruskal–Wallis Test for multigroup comparisons. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. A total of 189 participants were enrolled (median age, 21 years; female, 50.8%). The seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 was 12.7% for IgM and 87.8% for IgG. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG titers were higher among the vaccinated vs. non-vaccinated individuals (p < 0.001, U = 2817.5), females vs. males (p = 0.024, U = 3616), and those vaccinated < 6 months before the study vs. those vaccinated >1 year earlier (p = 0.002, H = 12.359). The vaccination hesitancy rate was 43.4% and the underlying reasons included mistrust (22.4%), health concerns (19.7%), and lack of information (18.4%). Despite the high seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG, the high vaccine hesitancy rate necessitates community engagement and education prior to vaccines roll out.
Aero-Acoustic Coupling in Rectangular Deep Cavities: Passive Control and Flow Dynamics
Authors: Jabado Abdul Hamid , El Hassan Mouhammad , Hammoud Ali , Sakout Anas , Assoum Hassan H.
Published: July 2024

Deep cavity configurations are common in various industrial applications, including automotive windows, sunroofs, and many other applications in aerospace engineering. Flows over such a geometry can result in an Aero-Acoustic coupling between the cavity shear layer and the acoustic modes of the surrounding. This phenomenon can lead to significant noise and may cause damage to structures due to resonance caused by high-pressure fluctuations produced nearby the cavity. The aims when employing a passive control device is to disturb the cavity flow in order to reduce or eliminate the involved resonance. An experimental set up was developed to study the effectiveness of using either a cylinder or a profiled cylinder positioned upstream from the cavity. A decrease of as high as 30 dB was obtained in the Sound Pressure Levels (SPL). Additionally, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique was employed to get the kinematic fields of the flow past the cavity for both controlled and non-controlled configurations. A Snapshot Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) was applied to better understand the cavity flow dynamics in both controlled and non-controlled cases. Furthermore, the interaction of the wake of the control mechanisms with the shear layer of the cavity and its consequence on the Aero-Acoustic coupling was investigated and new flow physics is revealed.
Lions and Tigers and AI, Oh My: An Ethical Framework for human-AI Interaction Based on the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare
Authors: Tait Izak
Published: July 2024

If an AI entity is conscious, then it deserves moral status and to have its welfare protected. Society has granted certain animals moral status and has legislation to protect animal welfare because these kinds of animals have been deemed to be sentient. This paper shows that for any entity that can be determined to be conscious, that entity deserves the same status and protection as sentient entities. The paper further develops a framework for how an AI entity's welfare can be protected, based on the Five Freedoms of Animal Welfare. The extant Five Freedoms are translated into terms more suitable for artificial entities, encompassing discomfort and harms, constraints on inherent functions, fear and distress, malfunction and degradation, and resource depletion. Each of the new Five Freedoms are justified using formalised arguments and supported using evidence from animal welfare literature. The paper concludes by presenting three formalised case studies to highlight the potential stressors conscious AI entities may face and how this ethical framework can work to protect the welfare of AI entities.
Monte-Carlo Simulation of Reliability of System with Complex Interconnections
Authors: Pokorádi László
Published: July 2024

Modern automotive systems should must satisfy strict reliability requirements. Most of the real vehicle systems and safety-critical networks have complex interconnections. Sensitivities and probabilistic uncertainties of reliability of System with Complex Interconnections (SwCI) can be investigated by the Monte-Carlo Simulation (MCS). The paper focuses on sensitivities and parametrical uncertainties of SwCIs reliability. The proposed method can be used forimplemented in the investigation of uncertainties of SwCIs reliability – in other wordsi.e., for in the determination of critical system elements and to estimateion of the Required Number of Spare Parts (RNSP) of the system, which depends on the probability of allowable spare equipment shortage.
InfraRed Thermographic Measurements in Parkinson’s Disease Subjects
Authors: Cannuli Antonio , Freni Fabrizio , Quattrocchi Antonino , Venuto Andrea , Montanini Roberto
Published: July 2024

The study was conducted on a cohort of 16 subjects, who were monitored with infrared images captured from their hands, following a specific protocol established by a preliminary analysis. Experimental results revealed that thermography can detect focal points and regions exhibiting either hyper- or hypo-thermia across the skin surface and muscular regions. This capability allows for extracting and categorizing precise medical data, difficult to determine during the early stages of the disease, thus facilitating ongoing monitoring efforts and early diagnosis in Parkinson research.
Pemetaan Daerah Rawan Tanah Longsor di Daerah Desa Sanggang, Kecamatan Bulu, Kabupaten Sukoharjo
Authors: Siswanto Budi , Rahman Alfan Dwi , Fildzatillah Atiqah , Luthfi Muhammad Naufal , Salsabila Nikmah , Nilnalminah Azka Khumaeroh , Roid Aufaiz Dzulfaqor , Wayoi Desthiny Elsina Angelita , Adani Larasasti Fadhilah , Alamsyah Muhammad Guntur
Published: July 2024

Landslides are one of the frequent natural disasters occurring in various regions of Indonesia, including the Village of Sanggang in Bulu District, Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java. This area boasts diverse topography with numerous steep slopes, rendering it susceptible to landslides. The Bulu District is located in a hilly region with a high vulnerability to landslides, where from 2019 to 2020, there were recorded 11 landslide disaster events, with 10 of them occurring in the Bulu District. This study aims to map landslide-prone areas in the Village of Sanggang using a spatial analysis approach and relevant risk factors. The analytical methods include the use of topographical data, soil types, rainfall patterns, and historical landslide occurrences. The mapping results will provide a deeper understanding of locations vulnerable to landslides in this area. The outcomes of this research are expected to serve as a foundation for the development of more effective mitigation strategies, including recommendations for prevention measures and early warnings. A better understanding of these susceptible areas will assist local government authorities and stakeholders in safeguarding their communities and assets from the potential landslide hazards in the Village of Sanggang, Bulu District, Sukoharjo Regency.
Mentes en evolución: el fascinante mundo de la neuroplasticidad femenina desde la gestación hasta el postparto
Authors: Chávez Espino Daniela Alejandra
Published: July 2024

Un estudio realizado en el Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón en Madrid examinó cómo el cerebro de las mujeres experimenta cambios durante el embarazo y el postparto. Utilizando resonancia magnética, se observaron reducciones en ciertas áreas cerebrales al final del embarazo, que tendieron a disminuir después del parto, aunque persistieron cambios menores. Se identificaron diferencias relacionadas con el tipo de parto, especialmente en cesáreas programadas. Estos resultados subrayan la necesidad de más investigaciones para comprender completamente estos cambios y su impacto en la maternidad.
To the problem of the shielding systems efficiency in constructions of extra-high voltage electrical apparatus
Authors: Zhorniak Liudmyla , Afanasiev Alexej , Schus Vitaliy , Levchenko Oleksandr
Published: July 2024

In the article, the authors proposed a method for estimating the electric load parameters to calculate the distribution of the electric field strength of the solid insulating structure of gas-filled high-voltage devices with axial symmetry. This structure consists of a support and insulating busbar filled with SF6 gas as an internal insulating medium. This technique allows to evaluate the parameters of the electrical load (voltage and field strength) depen-ding on the design features of the device and the shielding system used to equalize the electric field. The proposed methodology allows to evaluate the effectiveness of the influence of design parameters of the protection system for gas-filled high-voltage equipment (instrument transformers, arresters, surge arresters, etc.) when designing and improving individual design solutions. The calculation results are in good agreement with the data of experimental studies and statistical information obtained as a result of monitoring the operation of insulating structures, taking into account actual operating conditions and the influence of external factors. The implementation of this technique allows us to take into account the influence of external factors and operational characteristics inherent in instrument transformers and surge suppressors. In the proposed methodology, as an example, we consider a supporting insulating coating that is in operation under the most unfavorable conditions, such as external pollution, moisture and their combination, overvoltage of various origins, etc. The theoretical conclusions are confirmed by the results of calculations using the example of the support-insulating cover of the surge suppressor of the OПН-500 series. A more accurate determination of the effectiveness of the proposed methodology for predicting the field strength distribution parameters under the influence of a shielding system can be achieved by conducting an additional series of calculations and experimental tests of specific insulating structures. Thus, it was concluded that the obtained results can be used to evaluate the external insulation characteristics of both surge suppressors and gas-filled instrument transformers, as well as similar high-voltage equipment of switchgears and transformer substations in conditions of ultra- and transformer substations ultra-high voltages
Upaya Peningkatan Kompetensi Profesional Guru PAI SMK Jakarta Timur Melalui Pelatihan Publikasi Artikel Jurnal
Authors: Mardhiah Izzatul , Narulita Sari , Salsabila Naila Fathiyya
Published: July 2024

As part of their professional responsibilities, teachers are expected to fulfil their teaching duties and enhance their professional skills. However, several educators face limited access to resources that facilitate self-development. This community service project focuses on equipping Islamic Education (IE) teachers with the necessary skills to publish research-based articles for Sinta-indexed journals. The objective is to contribute to the development of their skills. This community service is a joint effort with educational institutions that belong to the Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran (MGMP) IE SMK in East Jakarta. The training methods consist of lectures, discussions, group work, and question and answer sessions. Furthermore, a questionnaire was employed to determine the challenges and experiences that teachers encounter when composing articles. The training results indicate that the IE teachers exhibit greater comprehension and enthusiasm for crafting journal articles and publish it, with a readiness to participate in additional writing support via established groups.
 
Abstrak
Guru sebagai jabatan profesi dituntut mampu melaksanakan tugas pengajaran dan meningkatkan kompetensi profesional. Di sisi lain, banyak guru terbatas dalam mengakses media pengembangan diri. Adapun kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan  mendukung peningkatan kompetensi tersebut melalui pelatihan guru-guru Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) untuk menulis dan publikasi artikel jurnal ilmiah yang berbasis penelitian dan selanjutnya dipublikasi ke jurnal-jurnal terindeks Sinta. Pengabdian Masyarakat ini merupakan kerja sama dengan kemitraan pendidikan yang tergabung dalam Musyawarah Guru Mata Pelajaran (MGMP) PAI SMK Jakarta Timur. Metode pelatihan meliputi ceramah, diskusi, kerja kelompok, dan tanya jawab. Pelatihan juga memetakan kesulitan dan pengalaman guru dalam penulisan artikel jurnal melalui kuesioner. Hasil pemetaan awal pengalaman guru menulis artikel ilmiah, mayoritas tidak pernah menulis artikel jurnal,  submit dan publikasi ke OJS, serta mempunyai kesulitan menulis karena sibuk dan tidak mempunyai pengetahuan yang memadai tentang penulisan. Hasil pelatihan menunjukkan adanya  peningkatan pemahaman terutama pada aspek rancangan penyusunan artikel, serta peningkatan minat Guru-guru PAI dalam penulisan dan publikasi artikel jurnal serta bersedia untuk menindaklanjuti pendampingan melalui grup-grup yang sudah dibentuk
Pengenalan Huruf Anak Usia Dini Melalui Metode Intervensi Tadika Ceria
Authors: Natalia Fenny , Ngelo Lourentia Shearly Mahardhika , Tandya Michael , Savistha Ni Putu Pradnya Devani , Venissa Shirley , Setiawan Yuan Yovita
Published: July 2024

This study aims to address the difficulties in letter recognition and enhance the confidence of students aged 3-5 years at TK/KB Al-Ikhlas Surabaya through the "Tadika Ceria" program. This program combines letter games and storytelling to improve students' skills. The research method includes an initial assessment with observations and interviews, followed by the implementation of "Tadika Ceria" over two sessions. The results show an increase in students' ability to recognize letters and their confidence. The assessment and program success indicators demonstrate the effectiveness of "Tadika Ceria." The conclusion highlights the potential of creative and play-based learning methods to improve the effectiveness of letter learning in early childhood education. This program is relevant as an innovation to address the challenges of letter recognition and confidence in kindergarten children. This study contributes to the understanding of learning methods that can be applied in early childhood education.
 
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan mengatasi kesulitan pengenalan huruf dan meningkatkan kepercayaan diri siswa TK/KB Al-Ikhlas Surabaya usia 3-5 tahun melalui program "Tadika Ceria." Program ini menggabungkan permainan huruf dan bercerita untuk meningkatkan keterampilan siswa. Metode penelitian mencakup asesmen awal dengan observasi dan wawancara, diikuti oleh implementasi "Tadika Ceria" selama dua sesi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan peningkatan kemampuan mengenal huruf dan kepercayaan diri siswa. Asesmen dan indikator keberhasilan program membuktikan efektivitas "Tadika Ceria." Kesimpulan menyoroti potensi metode pembelajaran kreatif dan bermain dalam meningkatkan efektivitas pembelajaran huruf pada anak usia dini. Program ini relevan sebagai inovasi untuk mengatasi tantangan pengenalan huruf dan kepercayaan diri anak TK. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi pada pemahaman metode pembelajaran yang dapat diterapkan di pendidikan anak usia dini.
MORPHOTYPE MATTERS: AN EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF THE MORPHOLOGICAL FIDELITY OF GASTROPOD STEINKERNS
Authors: JOHNSON ERYNN , MARGULIS-OHNUMA MIRANDA , SMITH THOMAS J. , BUTTS SUSAN H. , LUTZ CHRISTINA , BRIGGS DEREK E.G.
Published: July 2024

Gastropods are commonly preserved as steinkerns (internal casts), a mode of fossilization that leads to loss of external morphological features. This loss of information is problematic for taxonomic identification and ecological inference in evaluating assemblages where original shell material is not preserved. We seek to quantify how closely gastropod steinkerns represent the morphology of their original shells. We investigated this relationship experimentally by fabricating steinkerns in silicone from modern gastropod shells and comparing their geometry to that of the shells we used to create them. In addition to recording traces of ornamentation such as ribs and spines, we used a theoretical morphospace framework to evaluate the fidelity of shell-coiling parameters in steinkerns. Our results show that some morphotypes reflect their taxonomic identification more accurately than others, indicating that steinkern fidelity is highly variable. Experimental steinkerns consistently cluster less reliably by morphotype than their original shell counterparts. Additionally, we find that shell thickness is an important factor in determining steinkern fidelity. The fidelity of the high-spired Duplicaria duplicata, for example, is significantly lower than the average value for the morphotypes investigated whereas the fidelity of planispiral Haplotrema concavum and open-coiling Epitonium is significantly higher, a trend related to shell thickness. Thus, taxonomic identification and subsequent analyses, such as community composition, of steinkern assemblages must recognize this differential fidelity to counter preservational biases.
A DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF CYBER SOCIALISING INTERACTIONS IN ENGLISH AMONG STUDENTS
Authors: Ndukwani Tiyiselani , Ramhurry Runash
Published: July 2024

The influence of modern technology and engagement in cyber socialising have become a prominent part of modern communication. A new learning pedagogy with proper guidelines is needed to assist users to engage with social networking platforms efficiently. The researcher investigated discourse analysis involving participants to answer questions about both the contextual application of the language, and the functions and results of aspects pertaining to discourse such as diction, cohesion, and metaphors. The researcher employed a quantitative approach in this study. The study randomly sampled 80 students from a University of Technology (UoT) in Gauteng to participate in quantitative discourse analysis of communication using Facebook, WhatsApp and Twitter texts. The methods of data elicitation embraced extracts from Facebook, WhatsApp and Twitter            texts provided by 80 participants. Statistics were used to present the findings of the quantitative data  which included mainly frequency of certain aspects pertaining to discourse. Data were collected via email and texts were numbered according to the participants. These texts remain anonymous and the               identities of the participants were concealed. The study found that the language used on Facebook, WhatsApp and Twitter was characterised by the use of emoji, low register words, code-switching few spelling errors and the modern tendency to shorten words by using clipping and number homophones which are not seen as errors but a unique style of writing. Facebook, WhatsApp and Twitter remain three popular communication sites and discourse surfaces since it is important for users to communicate meaningfully even when using excessive punctuation to indicate excitement and emoji to communicate emotions.
Spill-over effects between daily and air travel behavior: a panel analysis
Authors: Kroesen Maarten , Mehdizadeh Milad
Published: July 2024

The existence of spill-over effects between pro-environmental behaviors has been well documented, but studies in the field of travel behavior are scarce. In this research, we explore the sign and directionality of spill-over effects between daily mode use and air travel behavior. Using data from the Netherlands Mobility Panel, we employ a twofold approach to explore these spill-over effects both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. The results of the cross-sectional latent class analysis reveal that the majority of the sample can be labeled as ‘dissonant’. For these travelers, the daily travel pattern is on the sustainable end of the spectrum (as observed in the sample), while the flying behavior is on the unsustainable end, as well as the other way around. The results of the panel analysis indicate that bicycle use has a positive bidirectional relationship with flying for private purposes, providing evidence in favor of both moral licensing and moral cleansing.
Developing a Multi-Scale Virtual Twin of the Liver: Modeling Drug-Induced Injury at the Lobular Scale
Authors: Gallo Nicolas , Pinto Stelian Camara Dit , Cherkaoui Jalal , Ghosh Debarshi , Cazaubon Valentine , Benzeroual Kenza , Levine Steven , Cherkaoui Mohammed , Sood Gagan , Anandasbapathy Sharmila , Dhingra Sadhna , Vierling John
Published: July 2024

Addressing drug-induced liver injury is crucial in drug development, often causing Phase III trial failures and market withdrawals. Traditional animal models fail to predict human liver toxicity accurately. Virtual twins of human organs present a promising solution. We introduce the Virtual Lobule, a foundational element of The Living Liver, a multi-scale liver virtual twin. This model integrates blood flow dynamics and an acetaminophen-induced injury model to predict hepatocyte injury patterns specific to patients. By incorporating metabolic zonation, our predictions align with clinical zonal hepatotoxicity observations. This methodology advances the development of a human liver virtual twin, aiding in the prediction and validation of drug-induced liver injuries.
Qualitative Assessment of PC88A and HBTA Extractants in Lithium Recovery Processes Using Solvent Extraction
Authors: Seo Junhyung , Vu Thang Toan , Cho Seungu , Cha Jieun , Choi Yeongeun , Song Daesung
Published: July 2024

This study compares the solvent extraction behavior of lithium (Li) using the cost-effective extractant PC88A and the more expensive extractant HBTA. PC88A achieved an optimal extraction rate of 37.6% at pH 5.43, with a maximum rate of 41.4% at pH 7.80. It required six stages at a 5/1 O/A ratio for 98% extraction and three stages at a 15/1 ratio for 100% extraction. In contrast, HBTA showed an optimal extraction rate of 86.2% at pH 6.23 and a maximum rate of 92.9% at pH 11.95. HBTA achieved 100% extraction with three stages at a 1/1 O/A ratio and one stage at a 5/1 ratio. These findings reveal HBTA's striking superiority over PC88A in terms of efficiency. Future studies should include evaluations of equipment and extractant costs, and overall efficiency.
Development and application of high-performance drilling hole protection materials
Authors: Zhang Xuebo , Wang Yuhang , Gao Jianliang , Han Linxiu
Published: July 2024

The instability and collapse of the extraction borehole seriously affects the gas extraction effect, and it is of great significance to study the efficient borehole protection technology to improve the stability of the borehole and ensure the gas extraction effect. The purpose of this paper is to develop an environmentally friendly borehole protection material with high strength, high permeability and controllable setting time, and then propose a borehole synergistic protection technology for in-hole screen protection and grouting reinforcement. The foaming agent mother liquor was obtained by hydrolysis of human slag, the composite protein foaming agent was prepared by improving the compounding of the mother liquor, pulverized coal was used instead of fly ash as mineral admixture, the water-cement ratio, material ratio and foaming agent addition amount of the optimal grouting material were determined by orthogonal tests, and the foam concrete with high strength and high permeability was prepared, and its on-site construction feasibility was verified by the dynamic curing characteristics experiment of coagulation time and fluidity. Finally, the borehole synergistic protection technology of in-hole screen protection and grouting reinforcement was proposed, and industrial tests were carried out in the field. The results showed that: 1) Sodium hydroxide hydrolyzed human hair residue was used as a composite protein foaming agent mother liquor material, and the optimal foam performance was determined to be 2g/L sodium laureth sulfate (SLS) + 0.3% calcium stearate through the compound improvement experiment. 2) Pulverized coal replaces the commonly used material fly ash as concrete admixture, which can effectively use waste resources, improve the strength and durability of concrete, and reduce carbon emissions and environmental pollution. 3) The prepared hole protection material has high permeability and compressive strength, when the water-cement ratio is 0.7:1, the foam content is 25ml, the pulverized coal is 30g, the silica fume is 5g, and the polypropylene is 0.2g, the compressive strength of the material is 13.665MPa, the permeability is 2.12MD, the porosity is 22.019%, and the coagulation time is 401 minutes to 418 minutes, which meets the requirements of initial solidification within 1–3 days. The fluidity is 320mm, which is in line with the field experiment. 4) The proposed screen pipe and grouting borehole collaborative protection technology can realize the internal and external coordinated protection of the borehole, the grouting outer layer protection can be poured and solidified according to the shape of the borehole and the falling coal and rock, the inner layer protection of the screen pipe can enhance the stability of the borehole and the grouting material after solidification, effectively prevent the instability and collapse of the borehole wall, ensure the smooth borehole extraction channel, and effectively improve the gas extraction efficiency.
Unveiling the Role of PSMA5 in Glioma Progression and Prognosis
Authors: Liu Wei , Jia Bo , Wang Zan , Li Chengcai , Li Nanding , Tang Jie , Wang Jiwei
Published: July 2024

Glioma is the most aggressive intracranial malignancy and is associated with poor survival rates and limited quality of life, impairing neuropsychological function and cognitive competence in survivors. The Proteasome Subunit Alpha Type-5 (PSMA5) is a multicatalytic proteinase complex that has been linked with tumor progression but is rarely reported in glioma. This study investigates the expression pattern, prognostic characteristics, and potential biological functions of PSMA5 in glioma. PSMA5 was significantly overexpressed in 28 types of cancer when compared to normal tissue. Furthermore, elevated levels of PSMA5 were observed in patients with wild-type isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 and exhibited a positive correlation with tumor grade. It was also found to be a standalone predictor of outcomes in glioma patients.Additionally, inhibiting PSMA5-induced cell cycle arrest may provide a therapeutic option for glioma.
Citizen-Operated Low-Cost Sensors for Estimating Outdoor Particulate Matter Infiltration
Authors: Salamalikis Vasileios , Hassani Amirhossein , Zawadzki Paweł , Bykuć Sebastian , Castell Núria
Published: July 2024

Indoor air pollution poses a significant environmental concern, leading to adverse health effects. Fine particulates (PM2.5) observed indoors exhibit high variability, influenced by both indoor emission sources and the infiltration of outdoor particles through open spaces and the incomplete building insulation. This study examines the relationship between indoor and outdoor PM2.5 levels using data from a network of citizen-operated low-cost air quality sensors, deployed in Legionowo, Poland. Our results showed that generally, indoor PM2.5 was lower than outdoor levels, with occasional peaks attributed to potential indoor emission sources. Statistical analysis identified emission events, particularly during cooking and household-heating periods, occurring more frequently from October to April. In the absence of indoor sources, outdoor particles accounted for 29–75% of indoor particle concentration, highlighting the significance of infiltration. This study shows how citizen-generated data using low-cost sensors, after post-processing, can provide decision-ready information as for example outdoor particulate matter infiltration factors for each building. This information can help decision-makers in devising effective interventions such as prioritizing indoor ventilation or addressing outdoor pollution sources.
Determination of Zn (II) on fast-scan anodic stripping voltammetric
Authors: Ma Shaohua , Lu Jin , Ma Xiang , He Wendi , Wei Hua , Ma Chuangui , Jiang Lingli
Published: July 2024

In this study, the amalgam zinc film on glassy carbon electrode was obtained in situ deposition; it was used to study the determination of Zn (II). Exceptional sensitivity of the determination was demonstrated using fast scan (v < 1 KV/s) anodic stripping voltammetry. The scan rate of 500 V/s was chosen for subsequent determination. In this condition, the calibration curve of Zn (II) was obtained. The concentration of Zn (II) and the peak current showed a good linear relationship from 1×10− 7 mg / mL to 1×10− 11 mg / mL for Zn (II). The detection limit attained for Zn (II) was estimated up to 3.33×10− 12 mg / mL. In addition, Zn (II) was spiked and determined in samples of deionized water. The recovery values for these experiments were between 105.1% and 93.7%, and their relative standard deviation was 3.9%-6.2%. We demonstrate that the proposed method has potential for practical application in analyses of wastewaters and seawaters due to its good anti-interference ability.
Effect of cell wall polysaccharides on the peelability in table grape berries
Authors: Bi Junfei , Jiang Yongshan , Zhao Boxiang , Yang Junsheng , Zhao Qifeng , Ji Wei
Published: July 2024

With the significant improvement of grape cultivation standardization and the internationalization of product markets in China, grape production is gradually shifting from yield efficiency to quality efficiency. The variety of fruit peels that are easy to separate meets people's needs for convenience and hygiene, and is loved by consumers. Peelability has become one of the quality indicators of many horticultural plant fruits, which has a profound impact on the development of the horticultural industry. The skin-pulp adherence was significantly positively correlated with the cell wall polysaccharide content in the peel and pulp, and significantly negatively correlated with xylanase, xyloglucan endoglycosyltransferase, β-mannanase, pectin methylesterase, and β-galactosidase activity in the peel and pulp. The degree of looseness of the pericarp cell layer may be a morphological indicator of the trait of easy separation of the peel from the pulp. The decrease in total dry matter content of the pulp cell wall may be closely related to the decrease in skin-pulp adherence. Cell wall polysaccharide-degrading enzymes may be a non-major factor causing the difference in skin-pulp adherence. Cluster analysis classified 10 Eurasian grape varieties into 2 categories. The 1st category was easy to peel varieties, such as Flame Seedless, Thompson Seedless, Wuhecuibao, Zaoheibao, Wanheibao, Jinghongbao, Lihongbao, Qiuhongbao and Crimson Seedless. And the 2nd category was difficult to peel varieties, such as Black Balado. This experiment provides a theoretical basis for revealing the physiological basis of the easy peeling trait in grape berries.
Genome-wide association analyses for revealing QTN, QTN-by-environment and QTN-by-QTN interactions in soybean phenology
Authors: Yan Wen-Liang , Yan Wenliang , Liang Xitong , Li Yang , Jiang Xingtian , Liu Bing , Liu Leilei , Feng Jianying , Karikari Benjamin , Zhao Tuanjie , Jiang Haiyan , Zhu Yan
Published: July 2024

Context: Phenology plays an important role in determining the yield and environmental adaptation of soybean, but easily affected by quantitative trait nucleotides (QTN)-by-environment interactions (QEI) and QTN-by-QTN interactions (QQI). Detailed understanding of the genetic basis and the interactions between genome and environments is critical for the development of cultivars with geographical-appropriate phenology.
Methods: A compressed variance component mixed model (3VmrMLM) was used to detect QTN, QEI and QQI for four key phenological traits of 345 soybean accessions. These traits include days from emergence to first flower (R1), pod beginning (R3), seed formation (R5) and maturity initiation (R7). Meanwhile, QTN, QEI and QQI were identified in at least ten environments and Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP) value.
Results: (i). A total of 110-193 QTN, 10-31 QEI and 4-8 QQI were identified for each trait. (ii). 40 regions were then divided based on the linkage disequilibrium distance as 500 kb around the above site. (iii). Further differential expression analysis and functional enrichment analysis were finished in 2339 genes and identified 40 genes involved in biological pathways such as flowering and seed maturation. (iv). Haplotype difference analysis revealed that Glyma.02g152200, Glyma.02g152800 and Glyma.02g155200are possibly associated with phenology around a QQI, and Glyma.17g212700 may be useful around a QEI for flowering time to maturity.
Conclusions: Extensive genetic analysis of the QTN-QTN with QTN-environment interaction was conducted on key phenological stages in soybean. The candidate genes predicted provide valuable information for functional validation to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the soybean phenology.
Risk Assessment Graphs: Utilizing Attack Graphs for Risk Assessment
Authors: Unger Simon , Arzoglou Ektor , Heinrich Markus , Scheuermann Dirk , Katzenbeisser Stefan
Published: July 2024

Risk assessment plays a crucial role in ensuring the security and resilience of modern computer systems.
Existing frameworks for conducting risk assessments often suffer from tedious and time-consuming processes, making it challenging to maintain a comprehensive overview of potential security issues.
In this article, we propose a novel approach that leverages Attack Graphs to enhance the efficiency and effectiveness of risk assessment.
Attack Graphs visually represent the various attack paths that adversaries can exploit within a system, enabling a systematic exploration of potential vulnerabilities.
By extending Attack Graphs with capabilities to include countermeasures and consequences, they can be leveraged to constitute the complete risk assessment process.
Our framework offers a more streamlined and comprehensive analysis of system vulnerabilities, where system changes, or environment changes can easily be adapted, and the issues exposing the highest risk can easily be identified.
We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach through a case study, as well as the applicability by combining existing risk assessment standards with our framework.
Our work aims to bridge the gap between risk assessment practices and evolving threat landscapes, offering an improved framework for mitigating risks in modern computer systems.