bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Naive Bayes and Dempster Shafer Methods in Expert System for Early Diagnosis of COVID-19
Authors: Nurdin Nurdin , Susanti Erni , Aidilof Hafizh Al-Kautsar , Priyanto Dadang
Published: March 2024

COVID-19 is a respiratory infection disease caused by the corona virus. Transmission of this virus can spread very quickly so that the number of cases of the corona virus continues to grow and becomes an epidemic that spreads not only in Indonesia but also in other countries in the world. The purpose of this study is to build an expert system that is able to diagnose Covid-19 early by using a comparison of the Nave Bayes method and the Dempster Shafer method. The amount of data used in this study is 550 data, consisting of 500 training data and 50 testing data. While the variables used are symptoms related to COVID-19 as many as 17 symptoms consisting of G01, G02, G03, G04, G05, G06, G07, G08, G09, G10, G11, G12, G13, G14, G15, G16, G17. The diagnostic data consists of Suspected (PDP), Non-Suspected, and Close Contact (ODP). The results of the percentage test by comparing system diagnoses with expert diagnoses, for the nave Bayes method it has an accuracy of 96% with 48 diagnoses according to expert diagnoses from 50 tested data. Meanwhile, the Dempster Shafer method has an accuracy of 40% with 20 diagnoses according to expert diagnoses from 50 tested data. Based on the results of this study, the Naive Bayes and Dempster Shafer methods can be applied to an expert system for early diagnosis of COVID-19, from the results of the system testing the Naive Bayes method has better accuracy than the Dempster Shafer method.
KAITAN SISTEM KEKERABATAN DALIHAN NA TOLU DENGAN ARSITEKTUR TRADISIONAL BATAK TOBA
Authors: Siagian Candra Tandi Reinhard
Published: March 2024

Arsitektur Tradisional Batak Toba tidak sekadar menjadi tempat hunian atau bangunan yang dibangun atas dasar utilitas saja. Namun juga menjadi cerminan dari sistem kekerabatan masyarakat yang mendiaminya. Dalihan Na Tolu sebagai sistem kekerabatan masyarakat Batak Toba menjadi landasan bagi masyarakat Batak Toba dalam seluruh aspek Arsitektur Tradisional Batak Toba, dari proses awal pendirian hingga pembagian fungsi ruang.

Kata kunci: Arsitektur Tradisional Batak Toba, Dalihan Na Tolu
КАНОНИЧЕСКИЕ ПРЕДСТАВЛЕНИЯ СЛУЧАЙНЫХ ФУНКЦИЙ. ТЕОРИЯ И ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ
Authors:   Федеральный исследовательский центр ", СИНИЦЫН И.Н. ,   Информатика и управление",   РАН
Published: March 2024

Канонические представления (канонические разложения и интегральные канонические представления) представляют собой выражения случайных функций (элементов) через дискретный или непрерывный белый шум. Дана прикладная теория канонических разложений (КР) и интегральных канонических представлений (ИКП) случайных функций (элементов), рассмотрены вопросы их теоретико-вероятностного и статистического оценивания и моделирования по априорным и апостериорным данным. Во втором издании книга подверглась существенной переработке и дополнениям, выполненным в ходе НИР «Теоретико-вероятностные и статистические методы моделирования» (ФИЦ ИУ РАН 2019-2023). Основной акцент сделан на теоретические основы КР (ИКП) и их применения в стохастических системах (СтС). Приводятся новые результаты по теории распределений КР с независимыми компонентами и ее применению в задачах обработки информации в СтС, по совместному оцениванию и распознаванию сигналов, а также обучению СтС в изменяющихся условиях. В качестве дополнения помещен материал по применению вейвлет КР для синтеза линейных и нелинейных систем обработки информации. Приложения содержат справочный материал и библиографические замечания. В заключении сформулированы направления дальнейших исследований и разработок. Книга предназначена для специалистов в области прикладной математики, системного анализа и управления, а также механики, физики и астрономии. Может быть использована в учебном процессе при подготовке специалистов, а также бакалавров и магистров, использующих теоретико-вероятностные и статистические методы.
FEATURES OF USING CRUSHED CONCRETE AS A COARSE AGGREGATE FOR CONCRETE
Authors: Savytskyi M.V. , Smyrnov A.S.
Published: March 2024

Problem statement. According to the results of a study by the Kyiv School of Economics as of June 2023 the total amount of direct documented damage to residential and non-residential infrastructure due to destruction and damage as a result of military actions exceeded $150.5 billion. During the post-war reconstruction Ukraine will face the problem of a large number of buildings and structures that will be subject to partial dismantling and demolition. This process will be accompanied by the generation of a significant amount of construction waste, which traditionally in Ukraine is taken to landfills without recycling. On the other hand, there will be a need for a large quantity of construction materials, the share of which in the construction cost may reach 50 %. To reduce the cost of objects, it is advisable to reuse materials from waste generated after dismantling. Such materials are called recycling. The most obvious option is the use of crushed concrete waste as a coarse aggregate for the production of new concrete. The purpose of the article. Identification of the features of recycled coarse aggregates from concrete waste and concrete with their use, determination of the influence of source concrete on the properties of recycled aggregates. Conclusions. The mesoscopic model of concrete with recycled coarse aggregate has been examined. The analysis of the current research results on both recycled concrete aggregates and concrete with their use showed that, in general, with correct calculations of concrete mix compositions that consider the actual physical and mechanical properties of recycled aggregates, the production of structural concrete is possible. At the same time, crushing methods and the grain composition of such aggregates have a significant influence. In order to standardize the approaches to the research of recycled aggregates, it is necessary to create an appropriate methodology or regulatory framework.
PRINCIPLES OF FORMATION OF BIM INFORMATION PACKAGES IN THE “SOFTWARE COMPLEX FOR MODELING THE CITY AS A DYNAMIC SYSTEM”
Authors: Fomenko O.O. , Danilov S.M. , Chechelnitsky S.G.
Published: March 2024

The article describes the principles of forming information packages of the “Information-cumulative matrix of modeling the city as a dynamic system”, which is one of the software modules of the “Software complex of modeling the city as a dynamic system”. The working name of the information packages is “Dynamic BIM package”. The BIM package is the basis for the formation of a large data set of the Information and Accumulation Matrix. Each information package describes a separate object from the typological spectrum of architectural structures as an environment with which almost all processes of the city's functioning are connected. The choice of the name of the package is connected with a double approach to its formation: a combination of the description of the material component of the architectural object and the dynamics of its life cycle, as a set of life cycles of its constituent elements. The developed approach makes it possible to develop an innovative architectural and urban toolkit for analyzing the problems of the city as a dynamic system. When forming the principles of the functioning of the “Information-cumulative matrix of modeling the city as a dynamic system”, the dynamics of the functioning of the city is considered as a combination of the dynamics of the typological spectrum of architectural structures and the dynamics of phenomena that go beyond the boundaries of architecture (considered in other studies by the authors). The software complex has high potential as a tool for analyzing and forecasting the principles of the city's functioning and is focused on information services for strategic decision-making processes.
ANALYSIS OF MODERN APPROACHES AND WORLD EXPERIENCE IN THE USE OF PEDESTRIAN SAFETY SYSTEMS
Authors: Zakharov D.S. , Hrybenyuk S.M.
Published: March 2024

Problem statement. The growth of automobile traffic and insufficient pedestrian safety is an urgent problem. Particularly acute is the problem of pedestrian collisions and terrorist acts involving transport. The author emphasizes the need to immediately address these issues and attract public attention. The purpose of the article is to systematically analyze the world experience of using bollards to improve pedestrian safety. The types of bollards, their characteristics and effectiveness in different road conditions are considered. The article aims to highlight the key findings and indicate the directions for further research and improvement of bollard-based safety systems. The main part. The article analyzes various global approaches to the use of bollards in pedestrian zones, pedestrian crossings and other dangerous road situations. Additionally, the effectiveness of bollards in combination with other road safety technologies is investigated. The analysis and comparison of world analogues and domestic safety systems is carried out. Conclusion. This article helps to understand the benefits and limitations of using bollards for pedestrian protection, and provides practical recommendations for their effective implementation to improve road safety. They are effectively used to protect objects and areas, offering a variety of solutions. RS REF refuges from RS ENGINEERING are distinguished by a systematic approach to the development of bollards, which allows them to be used in different places. The system requires additional research, but promises effective solutions for different needs.
Lomitapide as a Potential Estrogen Receptor Inhibitor: A Computational Drug Repurposing Study
Authors: DÜZGÜN Zekeriya , DEMIRTAŞ KORKMAZ Funda
Published: March 2024

Objective: Estrogen receptor (ER) inhibitors have significant therapeutic potential for hormone-dependent cancers and related disorders. Tamoxifen, a well-known selective estrogen receptor modulator, has been widely used as adjuvant therapy for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. However, tamoxifen may exhibit a tendency to develop resistance with prolonged usage and particularly elevate the risk of uterine cancer. Therefore, there is a need for the discovery and development of new ER modulators or inhibitors. In this study, we identified potential estrogen receptor inhibitors through computational drug repositioning.

Methods: A set of 2048 compounds, encompassing FDA-approved drugs and active metabolites, were subjected to molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and free energy calculations to evaluate their interaction with estrogen receptor α (ERα).

Results: Among the compounds evaluated, conivaptan, atogepant, and lomitapide exhibited the highest affinities for ERα. Lomitapide displayed a superior docking score (-12 kcal/mol) compared to the established ER inhibitor, tamoxifen (-10 kcal/mol). Further investigation using molecular dynamics simulations and free energy calculations disclosed lomitapide's heightened binding affinity of -380.727 kJ/mol, surpassing tamoxifen's binding affinity of -352.029 kJ/mol.

Conclusion: This comprehensive computational exploration underscores lomitapide's potential as a compelling candidate with an envisaged stronger estrogen receptor affinity than the acknowledged standard, tamoxifen. To validate lomitapide's promise as a novel ER inhibitor, essential in vitro and in vivo studies are suggested. These investigations will provide essential insights into lomitapide's reposition in addressing the challenges tied to hormone-dependent cancers and associated maladies.
Vascular Complications of Endoscopic Transsphenoidal Approach to Sellar Base Lesions
Authors: ÇAKLILI Melih
Published: March 2024

Objective: Vascular complications are one of the most dangerous complications of endoscopic skull base surgeries. The aim of this study was to evaluate vascular complications of endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery in patients with sellar and parasellar lesions.

Methods: Between August 1997 and July 2023, a total of 5300 patients underwent endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for skull base lesions at Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurosurgery and Pituitary Research Center. Patients with vascular complications during and after surgery were included into the study.

Results: We encountered 12 major vascular injuries, 116 epistaxis, and 50 operation site hematoma in our series.

Conclusion: Major vascular injuries are the most life-threatening complicastions. They can cause high mortality. The ways to prevent these injuries seems to have high experience and to investigate preoperative vascular evaluation in detail.
Akademik Başarıya Giden Yol: Sosyal-Duygusal Öğrenme
Authors: KORKMAZ Burak Can , GÜNEY KARAMAN Neslihan
Published: March 2024

Akademik başarı, geçmişten günümüze kadar gelen ve okullardan beklenen temel bir hedeftir. Öğrencilerin akademik başarıya ulaşması adına okullar tarafından sağlanan olanaklar artık yeterli olmamaktadır. Eskiye nazaran vaktinin çoğunu okulda geçirmeye başlayan ve uzun yıllar okuması beklenen öğrencilerin akademik başarıya giden yolda karşılaştıkları sorun durumlarında artış olduğu görülmektedir. Bu noktada Sosyal-duygusal öğrenme (SDÖ) gibi yapıların eğitim ortamları açısından değerlendirilmesi büyük bir öneme sahiptir. Bir dizi beceri öne süren SDÖ, eğitim ortamlarında yaşanan sorunlarla öğrencilerin baş etmelerini kolaylaştırmaktadır. Akademik başarıyı engelleyen faktörlerin SDÖ becerileri sayesinde ortadan kaldırılması sonucunda akademik başarıya giden yol açılacaktır. Fakat okullarda gerçekleştirilen SDÖ uygulamalarına ayrılacak zaman ve yapılacak yatırımın değerlendirilmesi adına SDÖ becerilerinin akademik başarı ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi faydalı olacaktır. SDÖ için CASEL ve OECD tarafından farklı modeller ortaya konmuştur. Fakat bu modellerin ortak noktası öğrencileri günümüz koşullarına uygun bilgi ve beceriler ile donatmaktır. Okullara bakıldığında zorbalık davranışlarının arttığı ve öğrenciler arasında anksiyetenin yaygınlaştığı görülmektedir. Bu tarz sorunların akademik başarıyı olumsuz etkilediği bulunmuştur. Bu noktada SDÖ, okullardaki eksik parça olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bu eksik parçanın akademik başarıyı hangi yönden ve ne kadar tamamlayacağı eğitimin geleceği açısından büyük bir öneme sahiptir. Bu sebeple bu derleme çalışması SDÖ ile akademik başarı arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır.
Indigenous Shamanic Worldviews as Eco-cosmologies and Indigenous Knowledge Systems of Sustainability
Authors: Guzy Lidia
Published: March 2024

This article discusses shamanic worldviews theoretically and empirically based on the author’s long-term comparative studies in rural regions of Odisha, India. It deals with local eco-cosmological worldviews expressed in trance traditions, interpreted by the author as expressions of contemporary shamanic worldviews and an indication of ways of transmission of indigenous knowledge. In this sense the comparative examples of shamanic traditions of nag bacca (snake children) and alekh gurumai (ritual specialists) in Odisha are examples of transformative healing through trance rituals based both on concepts of holy craziness and sacred play (baaya/kheelo) and on spirit possession rituals (boil), widely spread in cultures of orality.

In shamanic worldviews, therianthropic transformations of animal human and ecological encounters are transmitted in a rich culture of orality expressed in songs, performances, and trance dances. In this indigenous knowledge transmission, visions and dreams are the most important expressions of shamanic imaginaries, realities, epistemologies, and ontologies, revealing imagined, dreamt, and lived experiences of local shamanic societies. In this way, the visual mental imagery experiences construe the inner and outer knowledge of shamanic life worlds and worldviews.
Model Optimasi Produksi Kue Menggunakan Metode Simpleks Pada Toko Kue Rosalina Cabang Jatake
Authors: Lestari Sri , Sholehah Sholehah , Muttaqien Zaenal
Published: March 2024

The continuity and development of the cake production business needs to be maintained with steps to be able to allocate raw materials and increase profits. Therefore, an effort is needed using a method in determining the right combination of production factors from the products made and the combination of products produced. This problem can be overcome by creating an optimization model using the simplex method. The simplex method is a method that mathematically starts from a basic feasible solution to another basic feasible solution and is done repeatedly (iterative) so that finally an optimal basic solution is obtained. The optimum value is obtained by analyzing whether the resources have been fully used (scarce) or excessively (Abundant) used with the optimal simplex table approach. Based on the results of iteration 3, it is obtained that line Z no longer has a negative value so that the solution obtained is optimal, meaning that Rosalina Bakery cake shop if you want to get maximum profit, it produces brownie cakes (x1) as much as 3.3333; Bolu Pandan (x2) as much as 8.6667. The maximum profit will be achieved at Rp 93,999.9 rounded up to Rp 94.000,- per day. Based on the results of the analysis, it shows that the cake production optimization model can help maximize profits from limited resources..Keywords: model, simplex, optimization, production, profit, maximum
Penurunan Lead Time Manufacturing Dengan Pendekatan Lean Manufacturing Studi Kasus Di PT. MKM
Authors: Fatma Nur Fadilah , Ponda Henri , Solehah Solehah
Published: March 2024

In the industrial world, it is very important to pay attention to the efficiency of production capacity where the manufacturing lead time for making shoe outsole is influenced by activities that are not value-added (Non Value Added) and activities that are not value-added but necessary (Necessary Non Value Added) in which there is some extravagance that occurs. These activities are in the form of temporary storage in the cooling room and the process of reworking defective products. The method used is Lean Manufacturing, the tools used are Value Stream Mapping (VSM) and Process Activity Mapping (PAM). VSM is used to identify activities that have cycle times exceeding takt time, followed by mapping the Activity Mapping process to analyze activities that are not Value Added. Based on the results of research from 4110 seconds, the process lead time of 3600 seconds is a non-value added activity. The rework process  and material storage in the cooling room were identified as having the largest value contributing to lead time, so rework must be eliminated. the percentage  of Process Cycle Efficiency (PCE) has increased. The reduction of the finished sheet material process is cooled to  the cooling room and the rework process  can save about 60 minutes of working time. Saving working hours can increase outsole production capacity  so that productivity increases and targets are achieved.Keywords: Lead Time Manufacture, Lean Manufacturing, Value Stream Mapping, Prose Activity Mapping. Process Cycle Activity.
Analisis Penerapan Green Supply Chain Management Pada Kemasan Ibc Di PT. DC Cilegon
Authors: Firdaus Ridho , Gandara Ganjar Sidik , Pratama Hendra
Published: March 2024

Intermediate Bulk Container (IBC) is a type of tank used in packaging, shipping & storage efficiently and safely applied to various types of chemical industries made from liquid. However, with a high number of uses and the price of this IBC tank is relatively expensive creating new high cost for industry. IBC with strong and durable material characteristics, has potential to improve its usage. To gain efficiency and positive effects on the environment, the concept of Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle (3R) is the method used by PT DC Cilegon. The purpose of this study is to analyze the reuse of IBC tanks so that the level of efficiency can be expressed in numbers. The data used is the use of IBC in Delivery Note letters for the period of September 2022 to January 2023. The result are 284 IBC was delivered and reused with a ratio of 2.39 times per IBC. Its mean that PT DC Cilegon was increasing efficiency of IBC usage 23,67%. This is the application of the concept of green industry (Green Manufacturing) with focus on Green Supply Chain which has positive impact for environment. Keywords: IBC, Reduce Reuse Recycle (3R), Efficiency, Green Manufacturing, Green Supply Chain.
Pengendalian Persediaan Bahan Baku Untuk Lemari Tipe Sliding Door Glass (Studi Kasus di PT Alba Unggul Metal)
Authors: Hartono Hartono , Pramuji Dwi
Published: March 2024

PT Alba Unggul Metal faced several operational problems in its production activities. In this study, the focus is on standard products owned by PT Alba Unggul Metal, especially SDG type cabinets, due to delays in delivery schedules caused by scarcity of raw materials, most are SDG type cabinets. The purpose of this study was to plan the raw material requirements for SDG type cabinets so that there is no scarcity of raw materials in the warehouse. The method used is the Economic Order Quantity method, the Period Order Quantity method and the Min-Max method. After analysis and discussion, it is known that the Economic Order Quantity method is the most optimal method compared to the Period Order Quantity method and the Min-Max method. Then the Company can better control inventory and delivery time of raw materials by using the EOQ method. As an example of the calculation for an SD SPCC plate measuring 0.7mm x 2440mm x 1220mm with an optimal order quantity of 512 pieces for one order, 157 safety stocks, reorder point when stock is 493 sheets, and order frequency 24 times a year. After implementation and data sampling for three months in April, May and June 2023 there was no shortage of raw materials which caused a delay in the delivery schedule for SDG type cabinets.Keywords : Inventory control, Economic Order Quantity, Period Order Quantity, Min-Max, Reorder Point, Safety Stock.
Matrix metalloproteinases and morphological features in chronic liver diseases
Authors: Yagoda A. V. , Koroy P. V. , Dudov T. R.
Published: March 2024

Aim of investigation. To study the relationship of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) with a morphological features of chronic liver diseases (CLD). Materials and methods. 76 patients with CLD of viral or alcoholic etiology aged from 18 to 64 years were examined. Chronic hepatitis was diagnosed in 59 patients, liver cirrhosis (class A according Child-Pugh score) was detected in 17 cases. The control group consisted of 72 practically healthy people. The blood levels of MMP-1, MMP-9, TIMP-1 were determined by enzyme immunoassay, and the ratio of TIMP-1/MMP-1, TIMP-1/MMP-9 was calculated. Results. There was an increase in the concentration of TIMP-1 and MMP-1 in the blood, the ratio of TIMP-1/MMP-9, a decrease in the ratio of TIMP-1/MMP-1 in CLD. In moderate and severe histological activity of CLD the levels of TIMP-1 and MMP-9 were higher, and the ratio of TIMP-1/MMP-9 was lower than in patients with histological activity index values less than 9 points. In patients with liver cirrhosis (fibrosis F4), the maximum values of TIMP-1, TIMP-1/MMP-1 and TIMP-1/MMP-9 were determined, which differed from the corresponding values for fibrosis F0-1 and F2. The blood levels of MMP-9 more than 410 ng/ml predicted severe inflammation in CLD with an accuracy of 82.9 %. The blood levels of TIMP-1 above 624 ng/ml, TIMP-1/MMP-1 more than 37.1, TIMP-1/MMP-9 more than 7.33 had high accuracy (82.9, 80.3, 80.3 %, respectively) in the prediction of liver cirrhosis (fibrosis F4). Conclusion. The imbalance in the matrix metalloproteinase system is associated with the morphological features of CLD and is characterized by hyperexpression of MMP-9 in cases of severe inflammation and increased activity of TIMP-1 in severe stages of liver fibrosis.
Ways to overcome difficulties in diagnosing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Alyavi A. L. , Sobirova G. N. , Abdullaev A. O. , Shadmanova D. A.
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the status and capabilities of modern types of diagnostics of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease as part of a meta-analysis of scientific data. Materials and methods. The literature search was carried out in electronic databases Cochrane Library, PubMed.gov, Elsevier.com, Google Scholar. The analysis of the data obtained was focused on works published between 2010 and 2023 (the bias in the form of later studies was used in isolated cases when it came to fundamental scientometric data). Results. After reviewing 693 scientific papers for duplication and inconsistency, 38 sources were selected. Conclusions. The analysis of scientific data revealed that despite the understanding of the pathogenetic causes of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and the complexity of this disease, liver biopsy still remains the gold standard for assessing liver health. In this regard, there is a need to introduce accessible non-imaging tools and accurate biomarkers, with the help of which it will be possible not only to make an adequate diagnosis, but also to analyze new treatments for NAFLD in clinical trials.
Peculiarities of pharmacological prevention strategy of pancreatic complications after endoscopic papillosphincterotomy for choledocholithiasis
Authors: Styazhkina S. N. , Spiridonov T. R. , Eltsov T. O. , Novikova E. D.
Published: March 2024

The most frequent complication of endoscopic papillosphincterotomy (EPST) is acute pancreatitis. This complication is supposed to be based on mechanical, chemical, hydrostatic, enzymatic and thermal impact on pancreatic ducts and parenchyma. According to different literature data, the incidence of post-EPST pancreatitis (PEP) varies from 30 to 40%, and the mortality rate is 2-10%. The aim of the investigation was to expand information about peculiarities of early diagnostics and prevention of post-EST pancreatitis at the present stage. To reach the set goal we analyzed 559 case histories of patients with diagnosed cholelithiasis, 319 of them underwent EPST. During the study it was found out, that elevated neutrophils/lymphocytes ratio over 4,96 (p=0,001), high LDH level over 250 IU/ml (p=0,01), as well as C-reactive to albumin index over 0,180 (p=0,001) are reliable markers of early diagnosis. Also, indirect diagnostic markers of PEEP are biochemical signs of cholestasis and cytolysis of hepatocytes, as well as hyperglycemia combined with glucosuria. We consider the inclusion of intraoperative injections of papillotomy wound margins with Epinephrine in combination with subsequent Somatostatin administration in combination with rectal Diclofenac and intravenous hydration with Reamberin to be the most effective strategy for PEP prevention. Thus, we can conclude that despite the ongoing research and the search for effective algorithms for the prevention and early diagnosis of PEP, their data often contradict each other or simply do not confirm their effectiveness. The problem of prevention and diagnosis of PEP remains complex and requires further study. There are discrepancies, sometimes significant ones, in the current literature, which provides grounds for the development and research of new methods of early diagnosis and prevention.
Gut microbiota in the combined treatment of colorectal cancer using autoprobiotics
Authors: Ermolenko E. I. , Alyokhina G. G. , Kashchenko V. A. , Zakharenko A. A. , Ten O. A. , Morozova A. S. , Tsapieva A. N. , Ilyina A. S. , Ovchinnikov T. S. , Punchenko O. E. , Gladyshev N. S. , Dmitriev A. V. , Suvorov A. N.
Published: March 2024

Despite great advances in the treatment of oncological diseases, the development of medical technologies to prevent or reduce complications of therapy, in particular, those associated with surgery and the introduction of antibiotics, remains relevant. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of autoprobiotics based on indigenous non-pathogenic strains of Enterococcus faecium and E. hirae in the complex therapy of colorectal cancer (CRC) in the early postoperative period. The use of autoprobiotics did not cause side effects and led to a decrease in the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-18) in the blood serum. The features of the intestinal microbiome in patients with CRC were revealed, which are fundamentally different from those of other authors by an increase in alpha- biodiversity, lactobacilli, bifidobacteria, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron and its additional differences associated with the absence of non-pathogenic enterococci: a greater amount of Parvimonas micra, a smaller amount of Akkermansia spp., an increase in the content of Klebsiella sp., Fusobacterium nucleatum and Clostridium perfringens. The use of autoprobiotics led to the elimination of P. micra, a decrease in C. perfringens, which led to the normalization of the microbiota in most patients. The effectiveness of autoprobiotics in the treatment of CRC has been proven, which, apparently, is associated with a change in the composition of intestinal microbiocenosis.
Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance in n-type Al-doped ZnO in the Form of (Zn1-x Alx)O
Authors: Ghazi Nisreen , Kadhim Arej
Published: March 2024

Compositions of (Zn1-xAlx)O were synthesized via the Solid-state reaction (SSR) technique at 1000 oC , with x ranging from 0.0005 to 0.03. After the preparation of the sample, the structure and thermoelectric properties were examined by XRD, SEM, and EDX and the home-built equipment, respectively. All the samples are observed to be polycrystalline and hexagonal structures. The composition with ( x= 0.015), i.e. (ZnO0.985Al0.015), exhibited the highest electrical conductivity values of 5500 S/m at 580 K. As well as for the Seebeck coefficient, it was discovered that the composition (ZnO0.98Al0.02) ) had the highest values of 400 mv/K at 680. The power factor (PF) for the composition with the formula ( ZnO0.98Al0.02)) was found to have the most outstanding possible value of 1300 mw/mK2 at 850 K.
From Home to Classroom: Investigating Girls' Participation in Secondary Level Mathematics
Authors: DC Krishna , Rokaya Bhim Bahadur
Published: March 2024

This study explores the nuanced journey of girls' participation in secondary level mathematics, investigating the influences of early experiences at home and dynamics within the classroom. Focused on Grade IX students in Gurbhakot Municipality, Surkhet, the research adopts a quantitative approach through a survey design. Five secondary schools were selected using a convenience sampling method, aiming for diversity in community and geographical locations. Data collection involved Likert Scale points, encompassing 30 statements related to girls' participation in mathematics. The analysis revealed key insights, including positive attitudes towards academic engagement, varied opinions on gender perceptions, strong familial support, favorable learning environments at home, and diverse views on societal and parental influences. The study's significance lies in addressing a critical gap in literature by examining the transition from home to the classroom, offering valuable insights for educators and policymakers to enhance gender equity in mathematics education. The findings suggest areas for improvement, such as addressing gender perceptions, improving communication between parents and teachers, and enhancing the appeal of mathematics classes. Recognizing positive aspects, like strong family support and student interest, can contribute to fostering a more inclusive learning environment.
Tourism, Its Aspects and Enhancing Tourism in Nepal through Bay of Bengal Forum
Authors: Paudel Damaru Ballabha
Published: March 2024

Tourism is an emerging sector of Nepali economy that generates foreign exchange earnings and adds to the country's balance of payments. Nepal is a member of the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) since 2004. Nepal and BIMSTEC member states have historical, geographic, physical, cultural, economic/financial, environmental/natural, people to people, technological, professional and media (social or print) linkages. As BIMSTEC bridges South Asia to South East Asia, Nepal has enormous potentials of economic growth through tourism earning using BIMSTEC Mechanism. By branding of BIMSTEC tourism circuits and marketing tour packages in Europe, America, China, and other top tourist sending countries, both BIMSTEC region and Nepal can gain foreign exchange from tourism which can help them to prosper together.
Transculturation in Elizabeth Enslin's While the Gods Were Sleeping: Complexities and Connections
Authors: Upadhyay Toya Nath
Published: March 2024

This paper analyzes Elizabeth Enslin’s While the Gods Were Sleeping (2014) from the perspective of transculturation focusing on what transcultural constrictions the author experiences and how she thrashes those constrictions thereby developing transcultural connections. The author, an American PhD scholar in anthropology, falls in love to a Nepali man of a Brahman family with whom she travels a long way to Nepal for the field research for her PhD study. After marriage in a high caste Hindu family, she encounters heaps of cultural differences between her Christian culture and her family’s Hindu culture. From the very first greeting by the family to the attitudes towards marriage, pregnancy, menstruation, childbirth, caste and gender, she finds innumerable divergences from her culture. Accustomed to the Christian culture, she faces big challenges to adjust with the Hindu family and the society. However, she ultimately subdues the prevailing transcultural constrictions and builds transformational connections. The study argues that this has been possible due to the author’s anthropological knowledge that poignantly motivates her to interact with the host culture by actively involving in the transculturation process. For the analytical purpose, the study applies research concepts from cultural studies particularly focusing on the concept of transculturation as defined by the scholars Mary Louis Pratt and Wolfgang Welsch and others. Finally, the study expects to open a new avenue for the analysis of cultures in the contact zone.
Impact of Climate Change on Livelihood of Poor and Marginalized Communities in Sudur Pashchim Nepal
Authors: Dhakal Bhola Nath
Published: March 2024

The present world has brought out considerable attention on the issues of climate change and more so in the regions like Nepal where impacts are being directly and indirectly faced by people living below the poverty line. This study has been carried in Kailali and Doti districts of Sudur Pashchim Province of Nepal to explore the impact of climate change on livelihood of poor and marginalized communities using mixed-method approach which combined quantitative and qualitative methods of research. Based on household survey, focus group discussion, interaction with the key informants and local authorities, poor and marginalized communities in both Doti and Kailali districts noticed that climate is changing, although slowly, and that people have been experiencing several impacts of climate change. The result indicated that out of total respondents 45.1 percent has been reported declining yields of major crops, 25.3 percent has been shared in changes in cropping pattern, 58.5 percent has been informed the increased in pest and disease infestation, 69.8 percent has been reported decreased in availability of water in nearby streams and rivers in recent years in all study sites compared to the past situation. Similarly, 53.1 percent has been shared the deceasing on movement of wild habitats, 73.5 percent has been informed in loss of dependent wild species and 46.4 percent of respondents has been expressed the decreasing of crown density in forests and grasslands coverage. This study helps policymakers and other stack holders to develop suitable policies and effective adaptation strategies to enhance the livelihoods within this context of local marginalized communities’ context.
Efforts of Nepal's Least Developed Countries (LDC) Graduation and Its Challenges
Authors: Acharya Bala Ram
Published: March 2024

The primary objectives of this study are to examine the initiatives undertaken by the government of Nepal for LDC graduation, identify challenges faced during process, and discuss the potential impact of graduation. This study is based on qualitative analysis of secondary data obtained from diverse domestic and international sources. Major sources include literature reviews, government policies, reports, and international declarations. Comprehensive desk review on the issue shows that Nepal has undertaken a strategic plan for LDC graduation, prioritizing investments in human capital, infrastructure, and healthcare, while addressing income disparities. Nepal has already achieved two requirements; HAI and EVI, and Nepal fell significantly short of the LDC graduation threshold of a per capita GNI. The plan includes achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and progressing from a lower-middle income to an upper-middle-income nation by 2030.Despite progress, Nepal faces challenges in achieving graduation, including political instability, governance issues, and environmental vulnerabilities. The country lags in good governance rankings, which could hinder its development efforts. Nepal's commitment to SDGs is seen as a potential driver for LDC graduation, focusing on sustainability, gender equality, clean energy, job creation, and economic development. Nepal aims to become a high-income country by 2043, emphasizing poverty reduction, trade balance improvement, and overall quality of life enhancement. Leaving the LDC category will bring opportunities but also challenges, including the loss of special market access that was provided to the least developed countries like Nepal. Other challenges may involve growing trade and market capacity and strengthening the global competitiveness of internal production. Internally, intersectional variations of inequalities and poverty among and between regions, castes and ethnic groups in Nepal may generate challenges meeting LDC graduations and its sustainability.
युट्युबको लोकप्रियतासँगै पत्रकारिता क्षेत्रमा पेसागत मर्यादा बचाउने चुनौती
Authors: बिडारी Bidari शन्तराम Santaram
Published: March 2024

आमजनताका बिचमा मूलधारका सञ्चार माध्यमहरूभन्दा युट्युब च्यानल लोकप्रिय हुनुको कारण र केही युट्युब च्यानलमा देखिएका अनपेक्षित सूचना प्रवाहको अध्ययन विश्लेषण गर्नु यस लेखको मूल उद्देश्य रहेको छ । समीक्षात्मक टिप्पणी, विषवस्तु समीक्षा र सर्वेक्षणले निकालेको नतिजामा आधारित यो लेखले नेपालमा लकडाउनका बेलामा वा त्यस आसपास केही युट्युब च्यानलमा प्रसारित विषयवस्तुको अध्ययन–विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । जसमा फरक फरक च्यानलमा प्रसारित मुख्य ५ वटा ‘कन्टेन्ट’ हेरिएको छ । त्यसका साथै पत्रकारिता विषयमा अध्ययन गरिरहेका प्लस टु तहका विद्यार्थीहरूबीच सर्भे गरिएको छ । युट्युमा प्रसारित सूचना, समाचार, विज्ञापन र अन्य कन्टेन्टका आधारमा ती च्यानलहरूको भूमिकालाई व्याख्या तथा विश्लेषण गरिएको छ । यस बाहेक केही सञ्चार विज्ञहरूसँगको कुराकानीलाई पनि आधार मानिएको छ । मूलतः पुस्तकालयीय अध्ययन विधि अपनाइएको छ । यी विधिहरूमार्फत सूचना प्रवाहमा युट्युबाट प्रसारण गरिएको कतिपय प्रवृत्तिलाई विज्ञसँगको धारणा, मिडियाका सिद्धान्त र यही विषयमा भएका विभिन्न अध्ययनका आधारमा तथ्यपरक बनाउने प्रयास गरिएको छ ।पछिल्ला दिनमा अखबारी प्रकाशनहरू ‘डिजिटलाइजेसन’ हुँदै मल्टीमिडियाको बढोत्तरी भएको सन्दर्भमा त्यसले समस्या पनि उत्तिकै भिœयाएको देखिन्छ । नेपाली पत्रकारिता बजारमा पनि सशक्त र प्रभावकारी माध्यममका रूपमा युट्युब ‘प्लेटफर्म ’ प्रभावकारी बन्दै आइरहेको छ । तर केही युट्युबरहरूका गल्तीका कारण सम्पूर्ण पत्रकारिता क्षेत्रलाई प्रदूषित र बदनाम पार्ने काम भने तिनै युट्युबकर्मीबाट भएको देखिन्छ । छापा प्रकाशन ओरालो लागेसँगै पत्रकारिता क्षेत्र पनि आपूmलाई समयअनुसार परिवर्तन गरेर अघि बढ्ने कि बन्द भएर रहने भन्ने दोसाँधमा छन् । युट्युब सञ्चार माध्यमको प्रभावकारिता त बढेको छ नै, सँगै विकृति र विसङ्गतिको डङ्गुर भित्रिएर समग्र पत्रकारिता क्षेत्रमा थप चुनौतीहरू देखापरेको पाइन्छ । तसर्थ युट्युब प्लेटफर्मको अनियन्त्रित र असम्पादित सामग्रीका कारण नेपालको समग्र पत्रकारिता क्षेत्र बदनाम छ । यसलाई थप बदनाम बनाएर राज्यको चौँथो अङ्गको औचित्य र प्रभावकारितामा प्रश्नचिन्ह उठाउने ठाउँ नदिनु नै अहिलेको सन्दर्भमा सबैको दायित्व हो ।
रमेश विकलका बालनाटकमा नीतिचेतना
Authors: न्यौपाने Nyaupane छायादत्त Chhayadatta
Published: March 2024

प्रस्तुत लेखको शीर्षक रमेश विकलका बालनाटकमा नीतिचेतना रहेको छ । रमेश विकल नेपाली साहित्यका विशिष्ट प्रतिभा हुन् । उनले नेपाली साहित्यका विविध विधामा उच्च योगदान गरेका छन् । उनले नेपाली बालसाहित्यका खास गरी कथा र नाटकका क्षेत्रमा महत्त्वपूर्ण योगदान गरेका छन् । उनको ‘सात थुँगा’ बालएकाङ्की सङ्ग्रह अहिलेसम्मको तथ्याङ्कअनुसार बालनाटकको इतिहासमै पहिलो पुस्तकाकार कृति हो । यिनको विषय चयन, पात्रको छनोट, परिवेश, संवादको संयोजन के कस्तो छ ? यो समस्याको समाधान खोजी गरी प्राज्ञिक निष्कर्ष निकाल्नु यस लेखको उद्देश्य रहेको छ । विवेच्य विषयको मुख्य सामग्री बालनाटककार रमेश विकलका ३ ओटा बालएकाङ्की सङ्ग्रहहरूमा सङ्कलित १९ ओटा एकाङ्कीहरू रहेका छन् । यीमध्ये कुन–कुनमा करुण–चेतना, समता, उत्साह र कर्तव्य चेतनाको सम्प्रेषण के कसरी भएको छ त्यसको अध्ययन गरी विशेषता बताउनु यसको औचित्य हो । द्वितीयक सामग्रीका रूपमा बालनाटक र नेपाली बालनाटकको परिचय तथा विकाससम्बन्धी सूचना दिने ग्रन्थहरूको उपयोग गरिएको छ । नीतिचेतनासम्बन्धी सङ्क्षिप्तमा तयार गरिएको मानकअनुसार नाटकहरूको विश्लेषण गरी प्राज्ञिक निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ ।
Do Bilateral Relations Affect the Treatment of Migrant Workers? A Study of Nepal
Authors: Kansakar Shasta
Published: March 2024

Unfair treatment of migrant workers is a major problem in the migrant governance system. Migrants often endure harsh working conditions, poor wages, and in some cases, untimely deaths. This brings the question, "What can countries do about the poor treatment of their people in destination countries?” This research analyzes the role of bilateral relationships between countries and concludes whether stronger bilateral relations affect the condition of migrant workers in destination countries. The hypothesis is that bilateral relations do not matter but the destination country's domestic human rights condition is a bigger determinant of migrant treatment. The case studies of Malaysia and Japan in relation to Nepal through a series of quantitative and qualitative analysis however disproves the hypothesis and shows that bilateral relations do matter in determining the treatment of migrant workers.
Environmental and health impacts of air pollution: A mini-review
Authors:   Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City (UMP), 217 Hong Bang Street, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Le Linh-Thy ,   Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, Ward 14, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, V. Quang Khanh-Bang ,   Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City (UMP), 217 Hong Bang Street, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Vo Trieu-Vi ,   Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City (UMP), 217 Hong Bang Street, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, T. Nguyen Thanh-Mai ,   Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City (UMP), 217 Hong Bang Street, Ward 11, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Dao Thi-Viet-Huong ,   Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, Ward 14, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Bui Xuan-Thanh ,   Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, Ward 14, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Published: March 2024

Air pollution is one of the leading risk factors for death but also a significant contributor to the global disease burden, affecting quality of life. According to a World Health Organisation (WHO) report, seven million people die from air pollution every year, and 9 out of 10 people worldwide breathe polluted air. Any person can be affected by exposure to polluted air, especially the elderly, children, pregnant women, and people with comorbidities. Some studies indicate that the diseases most affected by air pollution are respiratory infections, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. The degree of effect on the body depends on the pollutant composition, source and dose, level and duration of exposure to polluted air. Particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and sulphur dioxide (SO2) could lead to air pollution. Long-term exposure to air pollution can affect every organ in the body and worsen existing health conditions. Short-term exposure to contaminants can include unpleasant sensations such as coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, eye, nose, and throat irritation, headache, dizziness, and fatigue. Community and individual solutions such as using clean fuel, wearing personal masks, filtering indoor air, and ventilating need to be taken to reduce the impact of air pollution.
Analysis of hydraulic drive circuit selection for a carrot collecting system
Authors:   Faculty of Engineering, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trau Quy Town, Gia Lam District, Hanoi, Vietnam, Dang Ngoc Danh , Nguyen Xuan Thiet ,   Faculty of Engineering, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Trau Quy Town, Gia Lam District, Hanoi, Vietnam
Published: March 2024

Compared to conventional mechanical transmissions, hydraulic transmission has the disadvantage of lower energy efficiency. However, it is widely employed in various working machines such as construction machines, off-road vehicles, forest logging machines, and especially agricultural machinery, owing to its flexibility in design, geometric arrangement, and simplicity in operation. In the development project for carrot harvesting machinery conjugate, hydraulic transmission is the optimal solution for the design and implementation of the carrot collecting roller system. This project is oriented towards achieving a practical result where the system structure is simple and effective, utilising hydraulic components available on the market in Vietnam. Given the myriad of hydraulic transmission circuits available, this paper undertakes an analysis based on numerical simulations of the functionality and energy efficiency of potential system design options and proposes a new practical speed control circuit. This suggested circuit uses a pressure-compensated flow control valve arranged parallel to the hydraulic motor. The study is carried out in the Matlab/Simulink simulation environment, where the circuit models are constructed using hydraulic components with practical parameter settings sourced from component suppliers. The analysis results indicate that the proposed circuit strikes a balance between functionality and economic efficiency.