bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cloud system for decision supporting of technological process of restoration of surfaces of structures and machine parts
Authors: Smirnova Tetiana , Buravchenko Kostiantyn , Kravchenko Serhii , Horbov Vitalii , Smirnov Oleksii
Published: December 2021

The object of research is the process of decision support of the technological process. The subject of the research is the decision support system of the technological process of restoration of surfaces of structures and machine parts in the form of cloud service. The purpose of the work is to develop a decision support system for the technological process of restoration of surfaces of structures and machine parts in the form of cloud service, which will further optimize high-tech processes of enterprises of various scales using cloud information technology. As a result of the research, the difficulties of automating the design of technological processes are analyzed, mainly due to the fact that the tasks of technological process design do not currently have formal methods of solution. Therefore, for the implementation of technological design, the development of formalization of technology (or part of it), ie the replacement (transformation) of meaningful proposals by the mathematical apparatus. As a result of this formalization, a scheme of information flow in the process of process optimization is proposed. the model of realization of structure of technological process for which the basic input parameters are defined is developed: the list of parameters influencing process. The structure of the expert system for optimization of technological processes was also proposed, the methods of knowledge presentation were analyzed and the scheme of information flows during the implementation of this expert system was developed accordingly. Based on the considered and developed methods and mechanisms used for the development of technological processes, the structure of the information cloud decision support system for automation of the creation of optimized technological processes has been developed. Using the developed methods and models, as a result of the process of process optimization according to acceptable heuristic rules, it was possible to obtain a set of chains of separately optimized technological processes, from which multicriteria selection that meets the optimization requirements. The user of the system can receive in return both one card of technological process, and some best. Conclusions. The developed approaches to the optimization of technological processes were applied to solve the problem of optimization of the technological process of electric arc processing. First, the technological process of electric arc processing was formalized. After that, the formation of heuristic rules and knowledge base of the structure of the technological process of electric arc spraying and accordingly developed the structure of the knowledge base of this technological process and a diagram of the use of the developed information system in the form of cloud service.
ASSESSMENT DEVELOPMENT TO MEASURE SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS ON THE INTERACTION OF LIVING THINGS WITH THEIR ENVIRONMENT IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL
Authors: Oktavia Della , Walid Ahmad
Published: December 2021

This study aims to develop an assessment to measure science process skills on living things interaction and their environment. The research used research and development (R&D) that consist research and initial information collection, planning, initial product format development, small-scale trials, product revisions, initial trials, and final products. The trial subjects were expert subjects (assessment experts, material experts and linguists), and the subjects were students of state junior high school in Bengkulu City as product users. Data were analyzed descriptive qualitatively and quantitatively. Feasibility assessment by three validator experts developed on the assessment aspect of 89%, material aspect of 93%, and language aspect of 93%, overall was declared very feasible with an average of 92%. This showed that the assessment of science process skills to measure science process skills was stated to be very suitable to be used to measure the level of students' science process skills. This assessment was the science assessment, where in the development of the science assessment used formative assessment because this assessment was given to every lesson and can be carried out on sub-subjects or each subject. In the development of this formative assessment, multiple choice tests were developed.
WEBSITES AS SCIENCE LEARNING ON INVERTEBRATE ANIMALS MATERIALS AT STATE JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL 1 TEGALDLIMO BANYUWANGI
Authors: Rosyida Etika , Hasanah Rafiatul
Published: December 2021

This study aims  to determine the validity of the development of website-based science learning media on invertebrate animal material for grade 7 in Junior High School, and to determine student responses to the development of website-based science learning media on invertebrate animal material. This research was a type of R&D (Research and Development) research which refers to the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation) development research model of Robert Maribe Branch. The data collection instruments in this study were validation questionnaires and student response questionnaires. Validation was carried out by material experts, media experts, and science teachers. The development trial to determine student responses to the developed product was carried out in two stages, namely a small-scale trial consisting of 6 students and a large-scale trial consisting of 32 students. Based on the results of validation from experts on website-based science learning media, it showed that the assessment of material experts was 96.16%, media expert assessments was 89.12% and assessments from science teachers was 89.83% . In this case, the average percentage of the expert's assessment was 91.70%, which means it was included in the "Very Valid" category and tested on students, and Small-scale trials obtained an average percentage of 94.28%. Then continued large-scale trials and obtained an average percentage of 92.00%. which means “Very Interesting”.
THE EFECTIVENESS OF UTILIZATION OF THE SCIENCE LABORATORY IN INTEGRATED SCIENCE LEARNING AT MTS UNGGULAN AL QODIRI 1 JEMBER
Authors: Kuncorowati Winda , Habibi Mohammad Wildan , Mosrifa Choiriya Tri , Ilafi Mela Mahardika
Published: December 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of usingscience laboratories and the factors that affected the effectiveness of using science laboratories in supporting learning at Mts Unggulan Al-Qodiri 1 Jember. This research was a qualitative research. Data collection techniques in this study used observation guidelines and interview guidelines. The data obtained were from the results of interviews with one of the science teachers as well as the head of the laboratory at MTs Unggulan 1 Alqodiri Jember. The results showed that the use of the science laboratory at MTs Unggulan Al-Qodiri 1 Jember can be said to be effective in supporting learning in schools. This can be seen from the effectiveness of the use of science laboratories facilitated with complete equipment, it can be said to be 90%. The tools contained in MTs Unggulan Al-Qodiri 1 Jember are very effective in utilizing the Science Laboratory in Integrated Science Learning. Based on this explanation, the function of the laboratory as a means of strengthening students' understanding, increasing learning motivation and learning outcomes through science experiment at MTs Unggulan Al-Qodiri 1 Jember has beeneffective.
META-ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS COLLABORATIVE LEARNING BACKGROUND IN NATURAL SCIENCE TEACHING AND LEARNING PROCESS
Authors: Rizkia Anisa , Anfa Qurrotul , Meng Huyteang
Published: December 2021

This meta-analysis study aims to determine the background of collaborative learning in science learning. The sample used was purposive sampling related to research on the background of collaborative learning in natural science teaching and learning processwith seventeen research samples. Six classes actions will be used as samples to find the background for the application of collaborative learning in science learning, while the other 11 plus 6 existing classroom action studies were used as supporting materials for the background. Results based on a meta-analysis study, it was found that 29.40% of collaborative learning was motivated by the lack of students' social skills. In addition, there were also 6 problems that underlie related or emerging studies, including the lack of absorption and mastery of student learning, passive students, low student motivation, lack of innovative learning strategies, lack of innovative learning media, lack of social skills of students, low critical thinking skills of students.
INNOVATION OF BIOCHEMISTRY LEARNING IN WELCOMING THE SUPER SMART SOCIETY 5.0 ERA
Authors: Dewi Ratna Kumala
Published: December 2021

TTechnological developments are now in the era of super-smart society 5.0 which is an advanced solution to the 4.0 industrial revolution. The era of super-smart society 5.0 is a learning innovation that changes from basic literacy to digital literacy. This study aims to analyze the innovation of Biochemistry learning in the Department of Chemistry at UIN Sayyid Ali Rahmatullah Tulungagung in welcoming the era of super-smart society 5.0. The research method used descriptive qualitative. The data analysis technique was carried out using a literature review. The method of data collection was carried out by observation, distributing questionnaires, documentation, lecturer interviews, and student interviews. The research instrument consisted of observation sheets, questionnaires, and interview sheets. The results showed that in the era of super-smart society 5.0, lecturers and students were required to be quick in making decisions and solutions when learning Biochemistry. Lecturers must dig up information and look for innovations so that students can think ahead and keep up with the times according to the era of super-smart society 5.0. Lecturers act as tutors or teachers, facilitators, and inspire students to achieve learning objectives. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that lecturers must have the ability in digital literacy and train students to be able to think critically and creatively in learning Biochemistry in the era of super-smart society 5.0.
Efektivitas Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning terhadap Peningkatan Keterampilan Berpikir Analitis
Authors: Eka Indah , Irawan Edi , Ekapti Rahmi Faradisya , Faizah Ulinnuha Nur
Published: December 2021

Pembelajaran IPA menuntut peserta didik untuk dapat meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir tingkat tingginya, yaitu salah satunya kemampuan berpikir secara analitis. Berpikir secara analitis menjadikan peserta didik dapat mengatasi dan juga mampu menghadapi segala permasalahan yang sedang dihadapi dengan mudah, sehingga dengan menggunakan kemampuan berpikir secara analitis peserta didik dapat memecahkan persoalan yang dihadapi. Langkah yang dapat diambil oleh guru untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir secara analitis dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran yang beragam salah satunya yaitu model pembelajaran problem based learning. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian adalah quasi eksperimen. Penelitian ini termasuk pada penelitian kuantitatif komparatif karena penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan keberadaan suatu variabel atau lebih, pada dua atau lebih sampel yang berbeda, atau pada waktu yang berbeda. Prosedur penelitian ini dilakukan dengan memberikan soal pre-test dan post-test kepada peserta didik. Langkah selanjutnya hasil dari nilai pre-test dan post-test tersebut dilakukan uji dengan menggunakan uji normalitas, uji homogenitas, dan juga uji hipotesis ataupun uji t. Hasil dari nilai pre-test diuji menggunakan uji two tailed sample test, sedangkan hasil dari nilai post-test diuji menggunakan uji one tailed sample test. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penggunaan model pembelajaran problem based learning efektif digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir analitis peserta didik kelas VII-A MTs Ma’arif Al-Ishlah pada materi pencemaran lingkungan. Berdasarkan hasil yang diperoleh dari perhitungan SPSS dengan uji one tailed sampel test didapatkan hasil bahwa model pembelajaran problem based learning efektif digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir analitis peserta didik kelas VII-A MTs Ma’arif Al-Ishlah.
Ide Guru IPA dalam Melaksanakan Praktikum di Masa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Duwi Wahyuningtias Eva , Niswatul Fauziah Hanin , Kusumaningrum Aldila Candra , Rokmana Arinta Windiyanti
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ide guru IPA dalam melaksanakan praktikum di masa pandemi covid-19 dan upaya guru IPA dalam melaksanakan praktikum di masa pandemi covid-19 di MTsN 6 Ponorogo. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif. Penelitian ini dilakukan di MTsN 6 Ponorogo. Ada tiga guru IPA yang menjadi objek penelitian. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah observasi dan wawancara. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data ditemukan bahwa ide guru IPA dalam melaksanakan praktikum IPA di masa pandemi covid-19 yaitu dengan melaksanakan praktikum IPA secara sederhana dengan alat dan bahan yang ada di sekitar rumah peserta didik dan upaya guru IPA dalam melaksanakan praktikum IPA di masa pandemi covid-19 antara lain dengan memberikan penuntun praktikum secara jelas dan mudah dipahami peserta didik, mengadakan sesi waktu bertanya untuk peserta didik agar peserta didik dapat menanyakan hal terkait praktikum yang akan dilakukan, guru IPA memilihkan tema materi yang sesuai dengan kondisi saat ini, praktikum yang dilakukan tidak memberatkan peserta didik.
Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Kontekstual dengan Pendekatan Outdoor Learning terhadap Kemampuan Menyelesaikan Masalah Peserta Didik
Authors: Jazuli Yusup Ahmad Fatoni David , Fauziah Hanin Niswatul , Anwar Muhamad Khoirul , Sayekti Titah
Published: December 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas model pembelajaran kontekstual dengan pendekatan outdoor learning terhadap kemampuan menyelesaikan masalah peserta didik kelas VII di MTs Ma’arif Al Mukarrom. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian pretest-postest control group design. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah kelas VII A sebagai kelas kontrol dan kelas VII B sebagai kelas eksperimen dengan jumlah 49 peserta didik. Instrumen pengambilan data menggunakan tes essay yang diberikan sebelum dan sesudah implementasi model pembelajaran kontekstual dengan pendekatan outdoor learning. Data dianalisis dengan uji­-t menggunakan alat bantu SPSS. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000. Karena nilai signifikansi kurang dari 0,05 maka H0 ditolak. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa model pembelajaran kontekstual dengan pendekatan outdoor learning efektif untuk digunakan dalam meningkatkan kemampuan menyelesaikan masalah.
Deep Learning of Two-Phase Flow in Porous Media via Theory-Guided Neural Networks
Authors: Li Jian , Zhang Dongxiao , Wang Nanzhe , Chang Haibin
Published: December 2021

A theory-guided neural network (TgNN) is proposed as a prediction model for oil/water phase flow in this paper. The model is driven by not only labeled data, but also scientific theories, including governing equations, boundary and initial conditions, and expert knowledge. Two independent neural networks (NNs) are built in the TgNN for oil/water phase flow problems, with one approximating pressure and the other approximating saturation. The two networks are connected by loss functions, which include a data mismatch term, as well as theory-guided terms. The desired parameters in NNs are trained by a certain optimization algorithm to decrease the value of the loss function. The training process uses a two-stage strategy as follows: (1) after one of the two NNs obtains a satisfactory result, parameters in the network with better performance are fixed in calculating the nonlinear terms and (2) the other NN continues to be trained until satisfactory performance is also obtained. The proposed TgNN offers an effective way to solve the coupled nonlinear two-phase flow problem. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed TgNN achieves better accuracy than the traditional deep neural network (DNN). This is because the governing equation can constrain spatial and temporal derivatives, and other physical constraints (i.e., boundary and initial conditions, expert knowledge) can make the outputs more scientifically consistent. The effect of sparse data (including labeled data and collocation points) is tested, and the results show that more labeled data and collocation points lead to improved long-term prediction performance. However, the TgNN can also be successfully trained in the absence of labeled data by merely adhering to the above-mentioned scientific theories. In addition, several more complicated scenarios are tested, including the existence of data noise, changes in well condition, transfer learning, and the existence of different levels of dynamic capillary pressure. Compared with the traditional DNN, TgNN possesses superior stability with the guidance of theories for the considered complex situations.
Conflict of interest: dialectics of a normative “tiered structure”
Authors: Astanin V. V.
Published: December 2021

Objective: to carry out a legal and dogmatic analysis of the legislative structure of the “conflict of interests” concept and its constituent categories in order to ensure the applied tasks of effective law enforcement and prevention of corruption risks determined by a conflict of interests.

Methods: the dialectical approach to the cognition of socio-legal phenomena, which allows identifying the unity of opposites in the legal categories that form the conflict of interests concept; the formal-logical method of scientific cognition, presented in the legal-dogmatic analysis of legislative norms; the method of operationalization of concepts.

Results: the conducted comparative legal research, expressed in a combination of methods of analysis and synthesis of legal categories aimed at obtaining comparative knowledge, allows correlating their content with respect to the “conflict of interests” concept in proportion to the goals of law enforcement. A legal and linguistic analysis of legal categories has been carried out, the totality of which forms the content of the “conflict of interests” concept. Abstract and definite norms of categories are highlighted in the context of the proof necessary to ensure their connection (presence and absence) with legal facts.

Scientific novelty: the term “normative ‘tiered structure’” was introduced into the scientific circulation of legal science, which comprehensively reflects the operational definition of the complex socio-legal phenomena described in composite legal categories. The theoretically presented phenomenon of the normative “tiered structure” conflict of interest in the discreteness of its constituent concepts and dispositive legal categories causes high risks of distortion or erroneous interpretations. These risks are formed out of court, initially registered in the decisions of the conflicts of interest settlement commissions. Prevention of such risks is ensured not only by the involvement of experts who, in addition to legal knowledge and professional-industry knowledge, also have moral and ethical foundations, the bearers of which are the arbiters of precedent law enforcement.

Practical significance: the main provisions of the article can be used in practical activities to provide evidence of de jure manifestations of a conflict of interests. The revealed regulatory collisions and the incomplete legal regulation of public relations in the sphere of “personal interest” require improving the anti-corruption legislation in terms of simplifying the concept used for law enforcement purposes.
Comparison of Therapeutic Efficacy of Debulking Plus Drug-coated Balloon Angioplasty Versus Drug-coated Balloon Angioplasty Alone for Femoropopliteal Tosaka Class Iii in-stent Restenosis Lesions
Authors: Li Liqiang , Tong Zhu , Cui Shijun , Guo Lianrui , Gu Yongquan
Published: December 2021

Background: Femoropopliteal (FP) Tosaka Class III in-stent restenosis (ISR) Lesions remain a significant clinical problem and optimal revascularization management including the use of drug-coated balloon (DCB) and debulking devices have the potential to improve the outcomes for these patients. However, few studies have been published comparing the debulking plus DCB with DCB alone in Tosaka III FP-ISR treatment. This study was to compare debulking plus DCB versus DCB alone for the treatment of Tosaka III FP-ISR lesions in patients.Methods: This was a single-center retrospective study of patients Tosaka III FP-ISR who underwent endovascular interventions of debulking plus DCB or DCB alone for Tosaka III FP-ISR lesions. One-year primary patency was the main outcome. Other outcome measures are 12-month freedom from clinical-driven target lesion revascularization (f-CD-TLR), technical success rate, and periprocedural complications.Results: A total of 70 patients with Tosaka III FP-ISR were included; 29 were treated with debulking plus DCB, in which 13 were treated with laser atherectomy (LA) plus DCB and 16 were treated with rotational atherectomy (RA) plus DCB. 41 were treated with DCB alone. Lesions in the debulking plus DCB group were significantly longer (16.45±4.40mm vs. 14.04±3.67mm, p=0.015). the 12-month primary patency was not significant different in the comparison of debulking+DCB with DCB group (75.9% vs. 73.2%, p=0.798). in the subgroup comparison, no significant difference was found in the LA+DCB and RA+DCB group (69.2% vs. 81.3%, p=0.544). There were also no significant differences in the group and subgroup comparison of 12-month f-CD-TLR, technical success rate, and periprocedural complications.Conclusions: Debulking plus DCB or DCB alone are both safe and effective for Tosaka III FP-ISR lesions. Although no significant difference was seen, lesions in the debulking+DCB group were significantly longer, suggesting that debulking plus DCB treatment has possible superiority for longer lesions than DCB alone management.
Assessing the Co-Movements between Electricity Use and Carbon Emissions in the GCC area: Evidence from a Wavelet Coherence Method
Authors: Matar Ali , Fareed Zeeshan , Magazzino Cosimo , Al-Rdaydeh Mahmoud , Schneider Nicolas
Published: December 2021

This paper investigates the association between CO2 emissions and a range of factors, including electricity consumption, economic growth, urbanization, and trade openness for six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries using data covering the 1965-2019 period. Namely, Oman, Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Kuwait, Bahrain, and Qatar. Contrasting with the standard literature, our empirical strategy uses the wavelet coherence approach on the frequency domain, thought to complement the time-series econometric procedures reported on this topic. Supplied at the country-level, associated evidence presents far-reaching policy recommendations whose applications may directly benefit environmental planning and bring high information value for the sake of sustainable energies in the Gulf region.JEL: Q43, C22, C23, E20, O44.
Endogenous Retrovirus-Derived lnc-ALVE1-AS1 Exerts Antiviral Defense Against ALV-J Infection in Chicken Macrophages
Authors: Luo Huan , Hu Xuming , Wu Huixian , Zaib Gul , Chai Wenxian , Cui Hengmi
Published: December 2021

Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) are remnants of ancient retroviral infections dating back many millions of years, and their derived transcripts with viral signatures are important sources of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). We have previously shown that the chicken ERV-derived lncRNA lnc-ALVE1-AS1 exerts antiviral innate immunity in chicken embryo fibroblasts. However, it is not clear whether this endogenous retroviral RNA has a similar function in immune cells. Here, we found that lnc-ALVE1-AS1 was persistently inhibited in chicken macrophages after avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) infection. Furthermore, overexpression of lnc-ALVE1-AS1 significantly inhibited the proliferation of exogenous ALV-J, whereas knockdown of lnc-ALVE1-AS1 promoted the proliferation of ALV-J in chicken macrophages. This phenomenon is attributed to the induction of antiviral innate immunity by lnc-ALVE1-AS1 in macrophages, whereas knockdown of lnc-ALVE1-AS1 had the opposite effect. Mechanistically, lnc-ALVE1-AS1 can be sensed by the cytosolic pattern recognition receptor TLR3 and trigger the type I interferons response. The present study provides novel insights into the antiviral defense of ERV-derived lncRNAs in macrophages and offers new strategies for future antiviral solutions.
Efficacy and Safety of Keluoxin Capsule in the Treatment of Diabetic Kidney Disease
Authors: Zhou Jingxin , Zhang Wenhua , Yang Jie , Liu Qiaoqiao , Lu Yizhen , Jin Jian , Miao Guizhen , Gong Yanbing
Published: December 2021

Background: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), which is a serious complication of diabetes and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease, becomes a major health concern worldwide. Keluoxin capsule, a Chinese patent medicine used for DKD, has been widely used in diabetic kidney disease, but its efficacy and safety have not yet been clarified. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to summarize the efficacy and safety of Keluoxin capsule in the treatment of DKD. Methods: A systematic literature search will be conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WANFANG database, VIP, SinoMED, and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) to ensure all possible randomized controlled trials (RCT) studies on K eluoxin capsule to November 1, 2021. The primary outcome to be assessed will include the change in albuminuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), while secondary outcomes will be serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, glycated hemoglobin, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglycerides, etc and adverse events. The quality of the included studies and the risk of bias will be independently assessed by two reviewers using the risk of bias assessment tool from Cochrane Handbook. We will conduct random-effects model meta-analysis using Review Manager software (Revman5.3). Discussion: This systematic review and meta-analysis will objectively evaluate the effect of Keluoxin capsule for DKD, and provide evidence for Keluoxin capsule in the treatment of DKD. Ethics and dissemination : Ethics approval is not required for this study. We aim to publish the results of this systematic review in a peer-reviewed journal. INPLASY registration number: INPLASY 2021110067.
A Protocol for Developing a Clinical Practice Guideline for Prevention and Management of Perineal Tears at Vaginal Delivery
Authors: Shi Lei , Xiao Lin , Ge Long , Liu suting , Luo yuanyuan , Tian Jinhui , Zhang Lili
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Perineal tear is a distressing obstetric complication affecting females globally. More than 85% of women sustain some degree of perineal tears during childbirth, resulting in potential effects on women’s well-being and quality of life. Although different institutions around the world have developed some related clinical practice guidelines (CPGs), a few recommendations are inconsistent, unspecific, and some CPGs are silent on certain matters, which might confuse guideline users. Nowadays, there is still no domestic CPG for prevention and management of perineal tears in China to guide clinical practice.Methods: This CPG will be developed in line with the latest guideline definition from Institute of Medicine (IOM) and comply with the World Health Organization handbook for guideline. We will adhere closely to the six domains of the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research & Evaluation II (AGREE II) and apply the Grade of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system to appraise the quality of evidence and develop recommendations. We have established a guideline working group (including a guideline steering group, a guideline development group, a guideline secretary group, and a system evaluation group), formulated 21 questions in the form of Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome (PICO) and completed a literature search. The recommendations will be formed via evidence search, syntheses, and 2 to 3 rounds of Delphi process to reach consensus. We will also consider patients’ values or preferences, peer review results in this CPG. Ethics and dissemination: The CPG has been registered on the International Practice Guidelines Registry Platform. The need for ethics approval has been exempted by the Institutional Review Boards of the Southern Medical University. The CPG is to be published in peer-reviewed journals and will form the care standard for perineal care for Chinese women with vaginal delivery.
Hemostatic Efficacy and Safety of the Hemostatic Powder UI-EWD in Patients with Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Authors: Cha Boram , Lee Dong Hyun , Shin Jongbeom , Park Jin-Seok , Kwon Kye Sook , Kim Hyungkil
Published: December 2021

Background and Aims: Acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) is a common cause of emergency hospitalization and may require readmission for re-bleeding. Recently, a novel endoscopic hemostatic powder (UI-EWD/NexpowderTM, Nextbiomedical, Incheon, South Korea) was developed and applied for the control of LGIB. The aim of this study was to evaluate the hemostatic efficacy and long-term safety of UI-EWD in LGIB. Patients and Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of LGIB at a single tertiary center in south korea. One hundred and sixty-seven consecutive patients with LGIB who were initially successful in endoscopic hemostasis were included and divided into the conventional treatment group (n = 112) and the UI-EWD therapy group (n = 55; 38 patients with conventional treatment and 17 patients with UI-EWD alone). The success rate of hemostasis, adverse events related to UI-EWD, and re-bleeding rate were evaluated. Results: The incidence of endoscopic hemostasis applied to the hepatic flexure (7.3% vs. 0%, p = 0.011) and larger than 4 cm (25.5% vs. 8.0%, p = 0.002) were significantly higher in the UI-EWD group than in the conventional therapy group. The cumulative rebleeding rate within 28 days in the UI-EWD group was 5.5% (3/55), which was significantly lower than that in the conventional treatment group (17.0% [19/112]; p = 0.039). No UI-EWD-related adverse events were recorded.Conclusion: Based on our results, application of UI-EWD in LGIB showed promising results for the prevention of re-bleeding, especially in locations where it is difficult to approach or cases with more bleeding. There were no significant complications, such as perforation or embolism. In particular, UI-EWD should be considered first for anatomical or technical impediments to endoscopic access in LGIB.
Bagged Tree And ResNet Based Joint End-to-End Fast CTU Partition Decision Algorithm For Video Intra Coding
Authors: Li Yixiao , Li Lixiang , Fang Yuan , Peng Haipeng , Ling Nam
Published: December 2021

In the development of video coding standards, advanced ones have greatly improved the bit rate compared with those of previous generation, but also brought a huge increase in coding complexity. Coding standards, such as high efficiency video coding (HEVC), versatile video coding (VVC) and AOMedia video 2 (AV2), get the optimal encoding performance by traversing all possible combinations of coding unit (CU) partition and selecting the combination with minimum coding cost. This process of searching for the best makes up a large part of encoding complexity. To reduce the complexity of coding block partition for many video coding standards, this paper proposes an end-to-end fast algorithm for partition structure decision of coding tree unit (CTU) in intra coding. It can be extended to various coding standards with fine tuning, and is applied to the intra coding of HEVC reference software HM16.7 as an example. In the proposed method, the splitting decision of a CTU is made by a well designed bagged tree model firstly. Then, the partition problem of a 32×32 sized CU is modeled as a 17-output classification task and solved by a well trained residual network (ResNet). Jointly using bagged tree and ResNet, the proposed fast CTU partition algorithm is able to generate the partition quad-tree structure of a CTU through an end-to-end prediction process, instead of multiple decision making procedures at depth level. Besides, several effective and representative datasets are also conducted in this paper to lay the foundation of high prediction accuracy. Compared with the original HM16.7 encoder, experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can reduce the encoding time by 59.79% on average, while the BD-rate loss is as less as 2.02%, which outperforms the results of most of state-of-the-art approaches in the fast intra CU partition area.
Real-Time Ultrasound-Guided Stellate Ganglion Block for Migraine: An Observational Study
Authors: Hou Jiawei , Pu Shaofeng , Wu Junzhen , Lu Zhiqiang , Xu Xingguo
Published: December 2021

Objective. To observe whether ultrasound-guided stellate ganglion block (SGB) can effectively relieve migraine pain and improve the quality of migraine patients’ life.Methods. 81 patients with migraines were enrolled in this trial. The patients received SGB with 6 ml of 0.15% ropivacaine once every week for four times. Migraine was assessed with the Migraine Disability Assessment Scale (MIDAS) at baseline and three-months follow-up (Tm). The numerical rating scale (NRS) score at baseline, one day after treatment (Td) and Tm, the frequency of analgesic use in 3 months and the side effects were also recorded at the same time.Results. The NRS score of migraine subjects decreased significantly from 7.0 (2.0) to 3.0 (1.0) at Td and 2.0 (2.0) at Tm (vs baseline, P<0.01). The MIDAS total scores were 14.0 (10.5) at baseline and 7.0 (4.5) at Tm (P<0.001). During the three months, the frequency of analgesic consumption was decreased from 6.2 ± 2.8 to 1.9±1.8. There were no serious side effects. Conclusions. This study confirmed that ultrasound-guided SGB is an effective method to treat migraines. This technique can reduce pain and disability and then improve the quality of life of patients with migraines.
Contraceptive Dynamics Among Women with Disabilities in Low-and Middle-Income Countries: A Scoping Review Protocol
Authors: Beyene Getalem Aychew , Abebe Solomon Mekonnen , Fekadu Gedefaw Abeje , Muche Achenef Asmamaw , Geremew Bisrat Misganaw
Published: December 2021

Introduction
Contraceptive dynamics is the use of contraception, unmet need, discontinuation and/or switching of contraception. Women with disabilities (WWDs) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) face a common problem: a low prevalence of contraceptive usage and a high unmet need. Despite the fact that certain studies have been conducted in high-income countries, there is a scarcity of research on the degree of contraceptive method mix, unmet need, contraception discontinuation, and switching among WWDs in LMICs. As a result, the scoping review's goal is to investigate, map available evidence, and identify knowledge gaps on contraceptive dynamics within LMICs WWDs.
Methods
The scoping review is guided by the six-stage Arksey and O'Malley methodology framework. Published articles will be retrieved from databases such as PubMed (Medline), the Cochrane Library, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) and Global Health. Grey literature databases will be searched using electronic search engines such as Google scholar, Google, OpenGrey, and Worldcat. In addition, a manual search of reference lists from recognized studies will be conducted, as well as a hand search of the literature. There will be no restrictions on study design or publication year. Two independent reviewers will screen relevant publications, and data will be charted accordingly. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist and reporting guideline will be used to convey the findings of this scoping review.
Discussion
When compared to non-disabled women, WWDs had a lower prevalence of contraceptive usage and a higher unmet need in LMICs. This indicates a pervasive issue that could compromise the United Nations (UN) General Assembly Convention article 25, which guarantees PWDs access to SRH services, and make the situation difficult to address. Despite these facts, they are the most marginalized people. on the planet. It is critical to map available evidence and identify knowledge gaps in order to do this. As a result, the findings of this scoping review will be significant in terms of the contraceptive dynamic among WWDs in LMICs.
Registration:
Open Science Framework (OSF), with registration number; DOI/10.17605/OSF.IO/XCKPT.
Bone Mineral Density Can Be Kept In Spinal Cord Injured Subjects Under Long Term NMES
Authors: Bittar Cintia Kelly , Silva Raissa Cardoso e , Kimoto Emily Ayumi , de Paula Marcelo Chaves , Suguimoto Leonardo , Cliquet Alberto
Published: December 2021

Objective: Analyze the contribution of rehabilitation with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) assessing bone mineral density (BMD), quality of life aspects and demographic characteristics, after 10 years under treatment.Methods: Retrospective longitudinal study between 2008 and 2020, at Spinal Cord Injury Outpatient Clinic, University Hospital, with 24 individuals with spinal cord injury in rehabilitation with NMES. Identification questionnaire, Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and bone density exam were used for, respectively, demographic analysis, quality of life and BMD. Data from 2008 were catalogued as Pi and current data as Pa. Student’s T-test was used for statistical evaluation, being significantly relevant when p < 0.05.Results: Mean age was 45.3 years old, with 22 male individuals; 14 are paraplegic and 10 are tetraplegic; 13 individuals presented injury by traffic accident, 2 by fall from height, 4 by dive, 4 by firearm injury and 1 by tumor; 11 individuals with cervical-level injury and 13 thoracic-level injury, all with complete disability. FIM average Pi=80.2 and average Pa=84 (p=0.36); BMD of vertebrae L1-L4 average Pi=- 0.02 and average Pa=-0.17 (p=0.50); BMD of femoral neck average Pi=-2.1 and average Pa=-1.9 (p=0.12); outcomes: 2 osteopenia and 1 osteoporosis for L1-L4; 18 osteopenia and 4 osteoporosis for femoral neck.Conclusion: Demographic characteristics were compatible to literature, except for the age. FIM score and BMD remained similar to the beginning of treatment with NMES, concluding that there was stabilization of these parameters during treatment.
Characterization and Critical Appraisal of Physiotherapy Intervention Research in Nigeria: A Systematic Review
Authors: Nweke Martins , Ejiroghene Emeriewen , Fawole Henrietta. O. , Nombeko Mshunqane
Published: December 2021

Objectives
Clinical research is the bedrock of clinical innovation, education and practice. We characterized and critically appraised physiotherapy clinical research to avoid implementing misleading research findings into practice and to task the Nigerian physiotherapy societies on responsible conduct of clinical research.
Methods
This is a systematic review of articles published in English between 2009 and 2021. We searched Pubmed, Medline, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Academic Search Complete, PsycINFO and African Journal Online, and reference lists of relevant articles. Data were selected and extracted according to predesigned eligibility criteria and using a standardized data extraction table. Where appropriate, the Pedro and Cochrane ROBINS1 were used to examine the risk of bias.
Results
Of the clinical experiments, the randomized controlled trial (RCT) was the most common design (87.5%). Musculoskeletal conditions (39.3%) were the most studied disorder. Most of the studies (76.8%) were of suboptimal quality. Interventions constituted exercise therapy (76.3%), manual therapy (8.5%) and electrotherapy (8.5%). More than half (67.8%) of the studies recorded medium to large effect sizes. A fair proportion (48.2%) of the studies had a confounding-by-indication bias. A few studies conducted normality tests (10.9%) and intention-to-treat analysis (37.5%).
Discussion
Of the clinical research, the volume of clinical experiments in the Nigeria Physiotherapy research community is small; notwithstanding, RCT is the most frequent clinical experiment. Physiotherapy interventions especially exercise appears effective, although incongruence between effect size and study quality limits inference. Sources of bias include absent/inadequate covariate analysis, blinding and intention-to-treat analysis approach.
Registration:
We registered the protocol with PROSPERO. The registration number: CRD42021228514.
Numerical Simulation and Experimental Analysis of Volume Alternate Cavitation (VAC) - A new Cavitation Generation Method
Authors: Chen Shangshuang , Wang Yun , Li Fuzhu , Xue Shenwei , Xu Zhenying , Yu Chao , Zhang Kun
Published: December 2021

Cavitation generation methods have been applied in multifarious directions due to their diversity. And scholars have carried out numerous researches and discussions on cavitation generation methods. The purpose of this study is to explore the generating mechanism and evolution law of volumetric alternate cavitation (VAC). In the VAC, the liquid water is placed in an airtight container with variable volume. With the volume alternately changes, the liquid water inside the container continues to cavitate. In this study, the mixture turbulence model and in-cylinder dynamic grid model were used to apply computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation of volume alternate cavitation. In the simulation, the cloud images at 7 heights on the central axis are monitored, and the phenomenon and mechanism of height and eccentricity are analyzed detailedly. By using the method of cavitation flow visualization (CFV), the generating mechanism and evolution law of cavitation are clarified. The synergistic effects of experiments and high-speed camera capture confirm the simulation. In the experiment, the volume change stroke of the airtight container is 20 mm, the volume change frequency is 18 Hz, and the shooting frequency of the high-speed camera is set to 10000 fps. The results show that the position of occurring cavitation phenomenon has a reasonable law during the whole evolution cycle of the cavitation cloud. It is evident that a cycle of volume alternation corresponds to the generation, development and collapse stages of cavitation bubbles.
Association of Antenatal Care Visit with Utilization of Institutional Delivery Care Services in Afghanistan: Intersections Between Education, Wealth, and Household Decision-Making Autonomy
Authors: Rahman Mostafizur , Saha Priom , Uddin Jalal
Published: December 2021

Background: The importance of antenatal visits in safe motherhood and childbirth is well documented. However, less is known how social determinants of health interact with antenatal care (ANC) visits in shaping the uptake of professional delivery care services in low-income countries. This study examines the association of ANC visits with institutional delivery care utilization outcomes in Afghanistan. Further, we assess the extent to which ANC visits intersect with education, wealth, and household decision-making autonomy in predicting two outcomes of delivery care utilization- delivery at a health facility and delivery assisted by a skilled birth attendant.Methods: We used data from the Afghanistan Demographic and Health Survey (AfDHS) 2015. The analytic sample included 15,581 women of reproductive age (15-49). We assessed the associations using logistic regression models, estimated the predicted probability of delivery care outcomes using statistical interactions, and presented estimates in margins plot. Results: Regression analyses adjusted for socioeconomic and demographic covariates suggest that women who had 4 or more ANC visits were 5.7 times (95% CI= 4.78, 7.11, P<0.001) more likely to use delivery care at a health facility and 6.5 times (95% CI= 5.23, 8.03; P<0.001) more likely to have a delivery assisted by a skilled birth attendant compared to women who had no ANC visit. Estimates from models with statistical interactions between ANC, education, wealth, and decision-making autonomy suggest that women with higher social status were more advantageous in utilizing institutional delivery care services compared to women with lower levels of social status. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the association of ANC visit with institutional delivery care services is stronger among women with higher social status. The results have implications for promoting safe motherhood and childbirth through improving women’s social status.
Automatic Choroid Vascularity Index Calculation in Optical Coherence Tomography Images Low Contrast Sclerochoroidal Junction Using Deep Learning
Authors: Arian Roya , Mahmoudi Tahereh , Riazi-Esfahani Hamid , Kafieh Rahele , Faghihi Hooshang , Mirshahi Ahmad , Ghassemi Fariba , Khodabande Alireza , Pour Elias Khalili
Published: December 2021

Choroidal vascularity index (CVI) is a new biomarker defined for retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) images for measuring and evaluating the choroidal vascular structure. CVI is the ratio of the choroidal luminal area (LA) to the total choroidal area (TCA). The automatic calculation of this index is important for ophthalmologists but has not yet been explored. In this study, we proposed a fully automated method based on deep learning for calculating CVI in three main steps: 1- segmentation of the choroidal boundary, 2- detection of the choroidal luminal vessels, and 3- computation of the CVI. The proposed method is evaluated in complex situations like the presence of diabetic retinopathy and pachychoroid spectrum. In pachychoroid spectrum, the choroid is thickened, and the boundary between choroid and sclera (sclerochoroidal junction) is blurred, which makes the segmentation more challenging. The proposed method is designed based on the U-Net model, and a new loss function is proposed to overcome the segmentation problems. The vascular LA is then calculated using Niblack’s local thresholding method, and the CVI value is finally computed. The experimental results for the segmentation stage with the best-performing model and the proposed loss function were used showed dice coefficients of 0.941 and 0.936 in diabetic retinopathy and pachychoroid spectrum patients, respectively. The unsigned boundary localization errors in the presence of diabetic retinopathy were 0.0020 and 0.0138 pixels for the BM boundary and sclerochoroidal junction, respectively. Similarly, the unsigned errors in the presence of pachychoroid spectrum were 0.0072 and 0.0254 pixels for BM and sclerochoroidal junction. The performance of the proposed method for calculating CVI was evaluated; the Bland-Altman plot indicated acceptable agreement between the values allocated by experts and the proposed method in the presence of diabetic retinopathy and pachychoroid spectrum.