bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Integrated Analysis of microRNAs and Metabolomics in Rat’s Serum Reveals Multi-action Modes of Qingfei Paidu Decoction for COVID-19 Treatment
Authors: Li Long-Xue , Liu Wei-qi , Liao Yun , Liu Zhi-yong , Chen Yu-ran , Luo Li-ming , Chen Hao , Peng Yu-meng , Zeng Yan-qing , Wu Qing-ni , Xu Tie-Long , Zheng Bin
Published: August 2021

Background During the fight against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China, Qingfei Paidu decoction (QFPDD) has been widely applied to treat COVID-19 patients. Retrospective studies showed that QFPDD could improve clinical outcomes of COVID-19. Thus, it is necessary and interesting to explore the action mode of QFPDD for further application and development.MethodsSprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into two groups, QFPDD (n=9) and control (n=10) groups. They were parallelly treated for 12 days with QFPDD and warm distilled water, respectively. At the endpoint, the microRNA (miRNA or miR) profiles in serum were detected to identify differently expressed miRNAs (DEMs). Then, the action mode of QFPDD were explored via review of potential roles of DEMs and functional enrichment analysis of their targets (e.g., GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis), especially focusing on the aspects of immunity, inflammation, virus infection and pulmonary fibrosis. Core genes were identified based on KEGG pathway analysis. Metabolomics were detected in serum and significantly changed metabolites (SCMs), especially the metabolic substrates and products of enzyme of core gene were identified as biomarkers to validate the regulation of DEMs to enzyme activity of core gene through metabolomic analysis and linear correlation analysis between SCMs and DEMs. Results23 DEMs were identified in the serum between QFPDD and control groups, with 1636 predicted genes. Reported evidence has showed that both the DEMs and their target genes involve regulation of immunity, inflammation, virus infection and pulmonary fibrosis. Phospholipase C, gamma 1 (Plcg1) was identified as a core gene and predicted to be upregulated attributed to downregulation of novel-89-mature. The levels of three SCMs, PC(P-18:1(11Z)/22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)), PC(22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)/P-18:0) and PC(16:1(9Z)/16:1(9Z)), which were the metabolic substrates of phospholipase C, were significantly reduced in QFPDD group, in addition, PC(P-18:1(11Z)/22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)) and PC(22:5(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,16Z)/P-18:0) presented positively linear correlation with the expression level of novel-89-mature. The level of phosphorylcholine, a product of PCs metabolized by phospholipase C, was significantly elevated in QFPDD group. Conclusion QFPDD can induce modification of miRNAs profile, and subsequently multi-regulate the immunity, inflammation, virus infection and pulmonary fibrosis in vivo, playing an important role for the positive outcomes of COVID-19 patients treated by QFPDD in China.
Establishing the Geriatric Emergency Department Intervention in Queensland Emergency Departments: A Qualitative Implementation Study Using the i-PARIHS Model
Authors: Wallis Marianne , Craswell Alison , Marsden Elizabeth , Taylor Andrea
Published: August 2021

Background

Frail older adults require specific, targeted care and expedited shared decision making in the emergency department (ED) to prevent poor outcomes and minimise time spent in this chaotic environment. The Geriatric Emergency Department Intervention (GEDI) model was developed to help limit these undesirable consequences. This qualitative study aimed to explore the ways in which two hospital implementation sites implemented the structures and processes of the GEDI model and to examine the ways in which the i-PARIHS (innovation-Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services) framework influenced the implementation.
Methods

Using the i-PARIHS approach to implementation, the GEDI model was disseminated into two hospitals using a detailed implementation toolkit, external and internal facilitators and a structured program of support. Following implementation, interviews were conducted with a range of staff involved in the implementation at both sites to explore the implementation process used. Transcribed interviews were analysed for themes and sub-themes.
Results

There were 31 interviews with clinicians involved in the implementation, conducted across two hospitals, including interviews with the two external facilitators. Major themes identified included: (i) elements of the GEDI model adopted or (ii) adapted by implementation sites and (iii) factors that affected the implementation of the GEDI model. Both sites adopted the model of care and there was general support for the GEDI approach to the management of frail older people in the ED. Both sites adapted the structure of the GEDI team and the expertise of the team members to suit their needs and resources. Elements such as service focus, funding, staff development and service evaluation were initially adopted but adaptation occurred over time. Resourcing and cost shifting issues at the implementation sites and at the site providing the external facilitators negatively impacted the facilitation process.
Conclusions

The i-PARIHS framework provided a pragmatic approach to the implementation of the evidenced-based GEDI model. Passionate, driven clinicians ensured that successful implementation occurred despite unanticipated changes in context at both the implementation and host facilitator sites as well as the absence of sustained facilitation support.
The Integrated Analysis of Differential Long Non-Coding RNAs Expression Profiles in Extracellular Vesicles Derived From Chemoradioresistant and Parental Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells
Authors: Xiong Wei , Sun Runmei , Li Chunyan , Li Cheng , Qin Jiyong , Liu Qiuyan , Wang Xiaoli , Wang Qiaoli , Xu Guoqiang , Cao Ruixue , Sun Chuanzheng , Yang Yi
Published: August 2021

The patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) suffer from poor outcomes after chemoradiotherapy. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play crucial roles in regulating cancer progression and chemoradioresistance. To investigate the functional role of chemoradioresistant cell-derived EVs for parental cells, and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) expression profiles in EVs secreted by chemoradioresistant cells. The effect of chemoradioresistant NPC cell-derived EVs on migration and invasion abilities of parental cells were detected by Transwell assays. Human cancer lncRNA PCR array was performed on EVs released from chemoradioresistant NPC cells (CNE1R and CNE2R) and parental cells (CNE1 and CNE2). The concurrent chemoradioresistance of CNE1R and CNE2R was significant higher than that of CNE1 and CNE2. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA), and western blotting results showed the CNE1, CNE2, CNE1R and CNE2R -derived EVs were successfully obtained. The chemoradioresistant cell-derived EVs remarkably promoted migration and invasion ability of parental cells with different differentiation. Notably, a total of 91 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs were regulated in EVs by chemoradiotherapy. Among them, the 4 upregulated (MALAT1, FAM212B-AS1, LINC-PINT and H19) and 7 down-regulated (SNHG16, CDKN2B-AS1, ZFAS1, CCAT1, SNHG6, GAPLINC and TUG1) DE lncRNAs associated with chemoradioresistance, were identified in EVs derived from chemoradioresistant cells with different differentiation. We found the EVs derived from chemoradioresistant NPC cells regulated an aggressive phenotype of NPC cells, and identified an altered lncRNAs expression pattern in chemoradioresistant NPC cell- derived EVs.
Anatomical Configurations of Dominant Anastomotic Veins of the Superficial Cortical Venous System
Authors: Naidoo Joastin , Harrichandparsad Rohen , Lazarus Lelika
Published: August 2021

Understanding the anatomy of the anastomotic veins (AV) of the superficial cortical venous system (SCVS), viz. superficial Sylvian vein (SSV) - also known as the superficial middle cerebral vein; vein of Labbe (VL) and vein of Trolard (VT), are imperative for neurosurgical procedures. This study aimed to investigate variant anatomical patterns of dominance of the AV, to elucidate the haemodynamically balanced SCVS, by reporting variations between the presence, diameter and dominant patterns of the AV. Two hundred lateral angiograms were included, depicting left and right cerebral hemispheres of the same patient (n = 100 patients). Angiograms were analysed and variations recorded. Results were statistically compared against laterality, age, sex and ethnicity. Presence of the VL had the highest occurrence (96.5%), whereas the SSV and VT had an occurrence of 75.5% and 64.5%, respectively. This study reports presence of double veins of the AV: SSV (12.0%), VL (22.0%) and VT (19.5%). Furthermore, presence of a triple vein for each AV is reported. Diameters for the SSV, VL and VT were 1.99 ± 0.500mm, 2.18 ± 0.579mm and 2.14 ± 0.472mm, respectively. Statistically significant relationships were established between diameters and the SSV, VL, VT and VT2 (double VT). Seven types of dominant patterns were recorded: Equilibrium; singular dominance of SSV, VL and VT; co-dominance of SSV/VL, SSV/VT and VL/VT. The Equilibrium dominant pattern of drainage had the highest occurrence (54.5%). Patterns of dominance of these AV can aid the neurosurgeon in curbing the risk of iatrogenic injury and postoperative infarcts even after an otherwise successful surgery.
Fine Mapping and Cloning of the Novel Gene Qph-IAA30, which Simultaneously Affects the Plant Height, Panicle Length, Spikelet Number and Yield in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)
Authors: He Niqing , Zhan Guangping , Huang Fenghuang , Zheng Xianghua , Cheng Chaoping , Ye Ning , Yang Dewei
Published: August 2021

Background: The plant height is one of the most important agronomic traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.), and the introduction of semidwarf rice led to record yield increases throughout Asia in the 1960s. Near-isogenic lines (NILs) are the most powerful tools for the detection and precise mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs).Results: In this study, 176 NILs were produced from the crossing and back-crossing of two rice cultivars. Specifically, Jiafuzhan, an indica rice cultivar, served as the recipient, and Hui1586, a restorer japonica cultivar, served as the donor. Using the 176 NILs, we identified a novel QTL for plant height in NIL36. First, we mapped the QTL to a 31-kb region between the markers Indel12-29 and Indel12-31. The rice genome annotation indicated the presence of three candidate genes in this region. Through gene prediction and cDNA sequencing, we confirmed that the target gene in NIL36 was Osiaa30, hereafter referred to as qPH-iaa30. Further analysis showed that qPH-iaa30 was produced by a 1-bp deletion in the first exon that resulted in the premature termination of OsIAA30. Knockout experiments showed that qPH-IAA30 was responsible for the plant height phenotype. Although qPH-IAA30 from Jiafuzhan showed a higher plant height, the plant also exhibited a longer panicle length, more spikelets and a higher yield. Taken together, our results demonstrate that qPH-IAA30 has good specific application prospects in future rice breeding.Conclusions: 176 NILs are produced from two rice cultivars, using the 176 NILs, a novel qPH-iaa30 for plant height is identified, and the qPH-IAA30 gene is responsible for the plant height phenotype.
Interpretable physics-based models compared with symbolic regression for hopping transport in organic field-effect transistors
Authors: Lakshminarayanan Madhavkrishnan , Dutta Rajdeep , Repaka D V Maheswar , Jayavelu Senthilnath , Leong Wei Lin , Hippalgaonkar Kedar
Published: August 2021

The past few decades have seen an uptick in the scope and range of device applications of organic semiconductors, such as organic field-effect transistors, organic photovoltaics and light-emitting diodes. Several researchers have studied electrical transport in these materials and proposed physical models to describe charge transport with different material parameters, with most disordered semiconductors exhibiting hopping transport. However, there exists a lack of a consensus among the different models to describe hopping transport accurately and uniformly. In this work, we first evaluate the efficacy of using a purely data-driven approach, i.e., symbolic regression, in unravelling the relationship between the measured field-effect mobility and the controllable inputs of temperature and gate voltage. While the regressor is able to capture the scaled mobility well with mean absolute error (MAE) ~O(10-2), better than the traditionally used hopping transport model, it is unable to derive physically interpretable input-output relationships. We then examine a physics-inspired renormalization approach to describe the scaled mobility with respect to a scale-invariant reference temperature. We observe that the renormalization approach offers more generality and interpretability with a MAE of the ~O(10-1), still better than the traditionally used hopping model, but less accurate as compared to the symbolic regression approach. Our work shows that physics-based approaches are powerful compared to purely data-driven modelling, providing an intuitive understanding of data with extrapolative ability.
The Sustainment of Population Health Programs Requires a Systems Approach
Authors: Crane Melanie , Nathan Nicole , McKay Heather , Lee Karen , Wiggers John , Bauman Adrian
Published: August 2021

Background: Achieving sustained implementation of health promotion programs (HPPs) at the population level (i.e. population health) is needed to reduce prevalence of chronic disease. However, population health is highly influenced by social, economic and political environment changes at the local, state and national level. The aim of this research was to examine barriers to the sustainment population-level HPPs and identify key enabling factors that overcome such barriers. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study through interviews with population health experts working within Australian government and non-government agencies with experience in sustaining public health programs at the local, state or national level (n=13). We used an inductive thematic approach to analyse data. Results: Four key barriers to the sustainment of HPPs were identified: 1) short term political and funding cycles; 2) competing public priorities within health and the broader public agenda; 3) silo thinking within health service delivery; and 4) the population fit of the program to population needs. To overcoming these barriers various approaches centred on the importance of long-term planning and resourcing, flexible program design and management, leadership and partnerships, evidence generation, and system support structures. Conclusion: This study provides key insights towards overcoming challenges to the sustainment population health programs amidst complex system-wide changes.
Subclinical Myocardial Dysfunction Revealed by Two-dimensional Speckle Tracking Echocardiography in Chronic Alcoholic Patients
Authors: Kaznica-Wiatr Magdalena , Pacia Klaudia , Hat Marta , Noga Monika , Podolec Piotr , Olszowska Maria
Published: August 2021

Background and aim:Alcohol is a potent risk factor for heart diseases. Alcohol consumption can damage myocytes earlier than overt LV dysfunction occurs. We aimed that two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2DSTE) can be used for early detection of heart failure caused by alcohol intake.Methods:A 100 chronic alcoholics were enrolled into the study. All patients underwent physical examination, biochemical analysis and echocardiography. Following parameters were assessed: LV diameters, LV systolic and diastolic function. Also RV diameters, LA and RA volumes were measured. LV and RV global longitudinal strain (GLS), LA and RA strain were calculated. The results were compared with control group, composed of 20 healthy subjects.Results:The mean LVEF was 57.55±6.99%, the mean E/A ratio 1.09±0.32 and E/E` 7.36±2.4 in the study group. Mean LA volume was 35.4±10.78 mL, RA volume 34.7±10.25 mL. The 2DSTE of LA was 29.1±10.0, LVGLS was -15.03±2.07. The RA strain was 30.46±10.25 and RVGLS -16.22±6.27. All strain parameters were lower than in the control group. Graded reduction of global longitudinal strain of the both ventricles and both atria in dose-dependent manner was found, lower strain was observed in heavy alcoholics than light/moderate drinkers. Conclusions:The study proved that chronic alcohol consumption leads to myocardial injury in dose-depended manner, the deterioration of global strain of the ventricles and atria can be the sensitive marker of myocardial injury.
LY6G6D is Epigenetically Activated in Classical Colorectal Adenocarcinoma and Hyper-Methylated in Mucinous Subtypes Determining Resistance to FOLFOX Therapeutic Regimens.
Authors: Caruso Francesca Pia , D'andrea Mario Rosario , Coppola Luigi , Landriscina Matteo , Condelli Valentina , Cerulo Luigi , Giordano Guido , Porras Almudena , Pancione Massimo
Published: August 2021

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a significant and ever-increasing societal threat and burden. Activation of Lymphocyte antigen 6G6D could induce anti-tumor specific immunity unique to CRC, but factors regulating its activation remain obscure.Methods: Transcriptome, epigenome and proteomic data from TCGA and independent database were investigated using in silico approaches. Expression of candidate genes was independently validated by immunohistochemistry in CRC tissues. In vitro RNA mediated gene silencing of putative regulators, treatment with MEK and p38 MAPK inhibitors and Bioinformatic prediction were carried out to unveil LY6G6D regulation.Results: LY6G6D is down-regulated in mucinous CRC regardless its anatomic location, while its activation progresses through the classical adenoma-carcinoma sequence. The lack of LY6G6D expression in mucinous CRC involves alterations of secretome-based immune responses. DNA methylation changes in LY6G6D promoter are intimately related to its transcript regulation, epigenomic and different histological subtypes. RNA-mediated gene silencing and chemical inhibition of p38α MAPK as well as DNA methyltransferase DNMT1 knock-down lead to a decrease in LY6G6D expression, supporting that p38a MAPK and DNA methylases mediated LY6G6D regulation. Cancer cells with an intact p38α MAPK stabilize LY6G6D expression allowing effective responses to trametinib, a MEK inhibitor able to exert anti-inflammatory effects. In a metastatic CRC subset, LY6G6D hypermethylation predicts resistance to FOLFOX first-line therapy, supporting the idea that its cancer-specific hypomethylation and consequent activation may be a tissue-specific mechanism of anti-tumor immunity. Conclusions: LY6G6D has the potentiality to be used as a biomarker for patient stratification and immune therapeutic intervention of mucinous versus non-mucinous CRC.
A Sheathed Spike Gene, TaWUS-like Inhibits Stem Elongation in Common Wheat by Regulating Hormone Levels
Authors: Si Xuemei , Wang Wanxin , Wang Ke , Liu Yunchuan , Bai Jiangping , Meng Yaxiong , Zhang Xueyong , Liu Hongxia
Published: August 2021

Background: The elongation and development of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) stem play an important role in plant architecture. Shortened stem would result in sheathed spike and low yield in crops. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying sheathed spike would be helpful for plant architecture and yield. Results: We found a novel gene, TaWUS-like（WUSCHEL-related homeobox like）, which regulated sheathed spike and plant architecture in wheat. The plant height of overexpression transgenic lines were significantly decreased and the spike was not completely elongated and enclosed in flag leaf sheaths. Besides, the increase of tiller angle resulted in loose plant architecture and lower yield. The statistical and cytological analysis demonstrated that the length of the uppermost and secondary internode was significantly shortened, especially the uppermost internode was only half length of wild-type. The parenchyma cells obviously reduced and elongated insufficiently. The analysis of hormone content showed that there was a lack of GA3 in internodes but a higher BR content. Conclusions: TaWUS-like may inhibit the synthesis of GA and/or BR and affect the function of signal transduction of these hormones, which further caused stem shortening and plant dwarfing in wheat.
Role of Bevacizumab in High-grade Meningiomas
Authors: Bai Xuexue , wang xiangyu , Cao Yiyao
Published: August 2021

Background: To explore the role of bevacizumab (BV) in High-grade Meningiomas (HGMs) undergoing surgical treatment.Methods: Review the clinical data of 139 patients with HGMs and divide them into BV group and non- BV group according to whether they receive BV treatment. Then we compared the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of the two groups.Results: The Chi-square test showed significant differences between the BV group and the non-BV group in terms of 12-month PFS (PFS-12), 36-month PFS (PFS-36), median PFS (M-PFS), 12-month OS (OS-12), 36-month OS (OS-36), and median OS (M-OS). However, there was no statistical difference between the BV group and the non-BV group in terms of 6-month PFS (PFS-6), 60-month PFS (PFS-60), and 60-month OS (OS-60). The log-rank test indicated significant differences in PFS and OS between the BV group and the non-BV group.Conclusion: The role of BV in patients with HGMs is to relieve the symptoms of peritumoral brain edema (PTBE) and prolong PFS and OS. However, whether increasing the dose of BV after surgery can improve the long-term PFS and OS of patients with HGMs needs further research.
Lamotrigine and Lithium Combination for Treatment of Rapid Cycling Bipolar Disorder: Results From Meta-analysis
Authors: Gao Zhihan , Sun Fengli , Lv Wangqiang , Shen Dong , Jin Weidong
Published: August 2021

Objective: to observe effect of combination of lithium and lamotrigine in treatment for Rapid-cycling bipolar disorder(RCBD). Method: We searched both MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library in English and CBM, CNKI, WANFANG and CSSCI in Chinese to find literature from January 1 2000 to December 31, 2020 related to combination of lithium carbonate and lamotrigine for treatment of RCBD.Results: Five comparison studies, with 265 subjects of 131 cases in study group and 134 cases in control group met the inclusion criteria and were included for the final meta-analysis. The comprehensive analysis show that study group had significant lower score of mental symptoms than that of control group (Z=2.34, P=0.02) by random model (X2=33.02, df=7, P<0.01).But these differences only were shown in PANSS (Z=5.18, P<0.01) and BPRS (Z=3.08, P<0.01).The no difference in response rate (54.9% vs 45.7%OR=1.47, 95% CI: 0.79~2.73, Z=1.21, P> 0.05,) and remission rate (47.9% vs 45.9%OR=1.05, 95% CI: 0.49~2.25, Z=0.13, P> 0.05,) were found between two groups. The response rate of lamotrigine and lithium combination was significant higher compare to monotherapy of lithium in patients with no treatment-resistant (82% V 54%, OR=4.26,95% CI: 1.65~10.99, Z=3.99, P< 0.01) by fixed effect model (X2=0.89, df=1, P>0.05, I2 =0%).Conclusion: Combination of lithium and lamotrigine have better improvement of psychotic symptoms and higher response rate in patients of RCBP with no treatment-resistant.
Secreted Indicators of Androgen Receptor Activity in Breast Cancer Pre-Clinical Models.
Authors: Hanamura Toru , Christenson Jessica L , O’Neil Kathleen I , Rosas Emmanuel , Spoelstra Nicole S , Williams Michelle M , Richer Jennifer K
Published: August 2021

Purpose. Accumulating evidence has attracted attention to the androgen receptor (AR) as a biomarker and therapeutic target in breast cancer. We hypothesized that AR activity within the tumor has clinical implications and investigated whether androgen responsive serum factors might serve as a minimally invasive indicator of tumor AR activity. Methods. Based on a comprehensive gene expression analysis of an AR-positive breast cancer patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model, 163 dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-responsive genes were defined as an androgen responsive gene set. Among them, we focused on genes that were DHT-responsive that encode secreted proteins, namely KLK3, AZGP1 and PIP, that encode the secreted factors prostate specific antigen (PSA), zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein (ZAG) and prolactin induced protein (PIP), respectively. Using AR-positive breast cancer cell lines, expression of candidate factors was assessed in response to agonist DHT and antagonist enzalutamide. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed on publically available gene expression datasets from breast cancer patients to analyze the relationship between genes encoding the secreted factors and other androgen responsive gene sets. Results. Anti-androgen treatment decreased proliferation in all cell lines tested representing various tumor subtypes. Expression of the secreted factors was regulated by AR activation in the majority of breast cancer cell lines. In GSEA, the candidate genes were positively correlated with an androgen responsive gene set across breast cancer subtypes. Conclusion. KLK3, AZGP1 and PIP are AR regulated and reflect tumor AR activity. Further investigations are needed to examine the potential efficacy of these factors as serum biomarkers.
Inhibition of JAK3/STAT3 Activation in Rats Uterine Leiomyoma by formula of Taohong Siwu Decoction: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Luo Li , Shi Shasha , Zhang Li , Xu Xun , Peng Fu , Yu Chenghao , Li Liangwwen , Zheng Tie
Published: August 2021

Background: Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula of Taohong Siwu decoction (THSW) is often used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of uterine leiomyoma (UL). The effectiveness of THSW for the treatment of UL has been confirmed in previous studies. At present, there are few relevant mechanism studies. The purpose of this study is to explore the efficacy and mechanism of THSW in the treatment of uterine leiomyoma. Methods: A Sprague Dawley (SD) rat model of UL was established via estrogen and progesterone load combined with external stimulation for 5 weeks. We randomly assigned adult female non-pregnant rats into six groups: a control group, a UL model group, and a positive drug group, THSW(18g/ml) group, THSW(9g/ml) group, THSW(4.5g/ml) group. THSW group and positive drug group were treated with THSW medicinal solutions and gongliuxiao capsule medicinal solutions respectively after daily modeling for 3 weeks. Histological analyses, Polymerase Chain Reaction and western blotting were performed to evaluate the effect of THSW on UL and elucidate its mechanism of action. Results: The uterus morphology of the model group showed significantly more swelling than that of the control group, and pathological of changes of rats were obvious in the model group. Compared with model group, the pathological changes of UL were relieved in the THSW group. Our data showed that the treatment of rats with THSW significantly reduced the expression of cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antign 4 (CTLA4) and indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase 1 (INDO). The phosphorylation of JAK3 and STAT3 which are the main signal transduction molecule of cytokines and growth factorswere were also inhibited. Conclusions: Our results suggest that THSW is effective in the prevention and treatment of UL in rats, and THSW may exert its functions by inhibiting the activation of Tumor-related signal transduction pathway (JAK3/STAT3), immune escape, proliferation of tumor cell and improving apoptosis.
The Effect of Exercise Intensity and Duration on Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Enzymes Activity among Sedentary Healthy Adults: A Repeated Measures Study
Authors: Ag.Daud D.Maryama , Ahmedy Fatimah , Baharuddin Dg. Marshitah Pg. , Kamalden Tengku Fadilah Tengku , Ngah Wan Zurinah Wan
Published: August 2021

Background Aerobic exercise can increase oxidative stress, but it can produce the necessary stimulus for physiological adaptation of exercise. However, the effects of intensity and duration of exercise on oxidative stress status are unclear. This study aimed to compare the effects of exercise intensity (I) and duration (D) on the oxidative stress [malondialdehyde (MDA)], and the responses of the antioxidant enzymes [catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), antioxidant enzymes ratio (AE)] among sedentary adults. Methods In a randomized crossover design, 25 sedentary adults, performed nine cycling exercise sessions with a constant load of 50%, 60% and 70% VO2peak for 10-, 20- and 30- minutes duration. Plasma MDA, CAT, GPx and SOD activity were measured before exercise (baseline) and immediately after each session (post). Results The interaction effect of intensity and duration was significant for percentage changes of MDA (FIxD=3.59, df=4, p<0.05) and CAT activity (FIxD =3.38, df=2.146, p<0.05). Repeated Measures ANOVA analysis revealed that intensity is the major controlling factor for MDA (FI =54.24, df=2, p<0.05 vs FD=8.62, df=2, p<0.05), and CAT responses (FI =14.24, df=1.619, p<0.05 vs FD = 5.96, df=1.347, p<0.05). However, the main determinant factor for SOD (FD =11.82, df=1.166, p<0.05 vs FI =5.58, df=1.289, p<0.05) and AE (FD =11.63, df=1.201, p<0.05 vs. FI =3.035, df=1.32, p>0.05) is exercise duration. Conclusions These findings suggest that exercise intensity was an essential factor of acute oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme responses compared with the duration of exercise.
Determination of Pesticides Residue by GC-ECD in Vegetables from Cameron Highlands, Malaysia and Their Human Health Risk Assessment
Authors: Munawar Nusrat , Sherino Bibi , Afzal Saba , Yaqoob Mohammad , Nabi Abdul
Published: August 2021

Gas chromatography-electron capture detection (GC-ECD) method has been developed to determine the residues of pyrethroid (PYRs), organophosphorus (OPPs) and organochlorine (OCPs) pesticide in 97 leafy vegetable samples collected from Cameron Highlands, Malaysia. The mean residual concentration of PYRs, OPPs and OCPs ranged from 0.04–17, 0.03–44.4 and 0.03–100 μg kg–1 respectively. The sum of pesticides concentration increased in the order mustard < spinach < celery < cauliflower < lettuce < broccoli < cabbage. The results revealed that levels of maximum residue limit (MRL) for OCPs were violated by lettuce (7.7%), for OPPs, it exceeded mostly in cabbage (24.8%) and for PYRs only one cabbage sample exceeded the MRL. Health risk estimation revealed that hazard quotients (HQs) for OCPs, OPPs and PYRs were <1.0, showing less risk to consumers. However, the hazard indices (HIs) for OPPs were >1.0 for children (1.4) and for adults (0.4) which signify the potential health risk to consumers.
Assessing the Credibility of Best Suited Communication Channels in Rural Communities for Meeting the Unmet Need Towards Reducing Child and Adolescent Marriage: a Model From Upper Egypt
Authors: Metwally Ammal M. , Abuelela Manal H. , Elmosalami Dalia M. , Mohsen Amira , Amer Hala A. , Eldeeb Sherif M. , Etreby Lobna A. El , Abdel-Latif Ghada A. , El-Sonbaty Marwa M. , Hasanin Hasanin M. , Mawla Mohamed A. Abdel , Hasan Hatem Mohamed , Salama Sameh , Salem Sondos , Ibrahim Nihad A. , Emam Hanaa , Abdelmohsen Aida M. , Fouad Walaa A. , Salama Somia I. , Salama Iman I. , Saleh Rehan M.
Published: August 2021

Background: Low levels of scholarly achievement, poverty, and geographical isolation are all known to be linked to early marriage. This study aimed at identifying the most credible and the best-suited communication channels (CCs) to reach rural communities for motivating them to reduce child and adolescent marriage. Methods: A cross-sectional study targeted 1000 wives and their husbands were conducted in 21 rural village units of two governorates of Upper Egypt through questionnaires. Decisions concerning the choice of the best-suited communication channels were based on their Reach; Frequency; Managerial feasibility and Effectiveness. Results: a vast majority of the surveyed wives (96.6%) were married at an age ranging from 15-24 years. The spread of social media through smartphones was limited to only one-third of wives and their husbands through mainly searching on YouTube (31.7% of wives and 27.8% of husbands). Television was the most accessible means of mass media for both wives and husbands (72.5% and 63.3% respectively). The most credible and the best-suited CCs methods for wives were talking with the health promotors and doctors with two times significantly higher (OR= 2.0) than that with the search on YouTube and three times significantly higher (OR = 3.1) than that for social media using browser engine. For husbands, the odds were 1.6 for all. Conclusions: Despite the availability of recent social media worldwide, rural communities; with high illiteracy, limited access to the internet, and limited availability of smartphones. Interpersonal communication is considered the most effective CCs for achieving equity in reducing child marriage. It seems vital during the implementation of any strategies towards reproductive health to use not only the media broadcasts but also to rely on the channels that are most credible and suitable for the targeted communication to support meeting the unmet need.
Whole-cell catalysis by surface display of fluorinase on Escherichia coli using N-terminal domain of ice nucleation protein
Authors: Feng Xinming , Jin Miaomiao , Huang Wei , Liu Wei , Xian Mo
Published: August 2021

BackgroundFluorinases play a unique role in producing fluorinated organic molecules through a biological method. Whole-cell catalysis is a better choice in the large-scale fermentation processes, and over 60% of industrial biocatalysis uses this method. However, the in vivo catalytic efficiency of fluorinases is stuck with the mass transfer of the substrates.ResultsA gene sequence encoding a protein with fluorinase function was fused to the N-terminal of ice nucleation protein, and the fused protein was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) cells. SDS-PAGE and Immunofluorescence microscopy were used to demonstrate the surface localization of the fusion protein. The fluorinase-containing surface display system with improved whole-cell catalytic efficiency and stability showed low growth pressure on the protein expressing host. The conversion rate of 5′-fluorodeoxyadenosine (5′-FDA) from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) achieved 55%.ConclusionsHere, we created the fluorinase-containing surface display system on E.coli cells for the first time. The fluorinase was successfully displayed on the surface of Escherichia coli and maintained its catalytic activity. The surface display offers a new solution for the industrial application of biological fluorination.
Machine Learning for the Prediction of Springback in High Tensile Strength Steels after V-Bending Process Using Tree-Based Learning
Authors: Baig Saad Ur Rehman , Wasif Muhammad , Fatima Anis , Baig Mirza Muhammad Anas , Iqbal Syed Amir
Published: August 2021

Sheet metal bending is a typical operation and springback is an unintended consequence of this operation. Since it causes fitting issues in the assembly, which leads to quality problems, anticipating it long before the bending operation is done is essential in today's production, so that machining parameters can be adjusted accordingly. In order to predict springback with minimum errors, this paper presents the idea for the development of machine learning models using tree-based learning algorithms (A class of machine learning algorithms). Tree-based learning algorithms are employed because they are precise, consistent, and easy to understand. Experimental studies provided the data for training and testing the models. The model's input parameters were sheet Material, Thickness, Width, Initial Angle (Desired angle), and Machine used to perform the bending. Following the training and testing of different tree-based learning algorithms, the results were evaluated using MAE and MSE. It was determined that Gradient boosting algorithms (a class of tree-based learning) gave the best results. Later on further evaluation of algorithms, it was found that LightGBM produced the best results, with MAE and MSE of 0.41 and 0.25, respectively.
Under-five Mortality and Associated Factors among Children Born from 15-49 Years Old Mothers in Haramaya Town, Eastern Ethiopia
Authors: Ahmed Mohammed , Demena Melake , Teklemariam Zelalem
Published: August 2021

Background: The global under-five mortality rate has dropped from almost 90 deaths per 1,000 live births in 1990 to 43 in 2015. The Ethiopian Mini Demographic Health Survey, 2019 shows 55 under-five deaths per 1,000 live births. In the eastern part of Ethiopia, evidence from the Kersa Health and Demographic Surveillance System in Kersa district of East Hararghe Zone, Oromia Region suggested the decline of under-five mortality rate from 131.8 per 1000 live births in 2008 to 77.4 per 1000 live births in 2013. The death rates still remain far from the Sustainable Development Goals’ target reduction to 25 or less per 1000 live births by 2030. However, the magnitude and determinants of under-five mortality is not studied in Haramaya town. Objective: To assess the under-five mortality rate and associated factors among children born during August 07, 2015- August 06, 2020 in Haramaya town, east Ethiopia by August 07–31/2020. Methodology: Quantitative cross-sectional population-based study was conducted on 391 pairs of 15-49 years old mothers and their live-born under-five children selected using systematic random sampling technique from Haramaya town to cmpare mortality between <=24 and >=25 mother’s age groups. Data were collected using interview-based questionnaire; double entered into EpiData 3.1; and then exported to statistical package for social sciences program version 20.0 for analysis. Binary logistic regression analysis (p-value <0.20) was performed to examine crude association of predictors with under-five mortality, and then multiple logistic regression analysis (p-value <0.05) to measure the statistical association. Results: The death of 28 out of 372 live births gave an under-five mortality rate of 75 per 1000 live births. Children born in households with less than 6 members had 7. 98 times higher odds of dying than those born in households with at least 6 members (AOR =7.98, 95% CI =1.59-40.17). Those children who did not feed colostrum were associated with 17.45 times increased risk of under-five deaths compared to colostrum-fed ones (AOR =17.45, 95% CI =6.54-46.55). Conclusion: The study suggests that 75 per 1000 live births die before celebrating their fifth birth day. Household size and colostrum feeding are the significantly associated factors.Recommendation: All concerned should inform the mothers the role of identified factors like household size and colostrum feeding in child survival.
Flow equations for disordered Floquet systems
Authors: Thomson Steven J. , Magano Duarte , Schirò Marco
Published: August 2021

In this work, we present a new approach to disordered, periodically driven (Floquet) quantum many-body systems based on flow equations. Specifically, we introduce a continuous unitary flow of Floquet operators in an extended Hilbert space, whose fixed point is both diagonal and time-independent, allowing us to directly obtain the Floquet modes. We first apply this method to a periodically driven Anderson insulator, for which it is exact, and then extend it to driven many-body localized systems within a truncated flow equation ansatz. In particular we compute the emergent Floquet local integrals of motion that characterise a periodically driven many-body localized phase. We demonstrate that the method remains well-controlled in the weakly-interacting regime, and allows us to access larger system sizes than accessible by numerically exact methods, paving the way for studies of two-dimensional driven many-body systems.
Personality traits and entrepreneurial intention among Chartered Accountancy students
Authors: Soni Alisha , Misra Bakhru Kanupriya
Published: August 2021

Entrepreneurial intention plays a decisive role in the process of becoming an entrepreneur. It is not only the prerequisite for establishing a business but it also influences an individual’s behavior. This study aims to investigate the impact of three key personality traits of a prospective entrepreneur (entrepreneurial passion, creativity, and self-efficacy) in shaping their entrepreneurial intention. It is proposed that entrepreneurial passion, creativity, and self-efficacy positively influence entrepreneurial intention. Primary data were collected from 408 Chartered Accountancy (CA) students of the National Capital Region (NCR) of India with the help of a structured questionnaire. The cluster sampling method was used to select the sample from the targeted population. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results establish that the entrepreneurial intention of CA students is significantly influenced by their creativity, entrepreneurial passion, and self-efficacy, as all three traits allow an entrepreneur to identify opportunities with profit potential. A student who is passionate, creative, and confident in exploiting the new business idea will develop an intention to become an entrepreneur. The present study contributes to the literature by investigating the entrepreneurial intention of CA students, which has not been explored earlier. The significance of this study facilitates academicians and accounting organizations to focus on the personality traits of students, which helps in developing entrepreneurial intention in them.
Análisis de tendencias de investigación en comunicación política en los nuevos contextos globales
Authors: Huerta Vilchis Fernando
Published: August 2021

El primer número de la Revista Panamericana de Comunicación, correspondiente al año  1, número 1, enero-diciembre de 2019, está dedicado al tema monográfico de la comunicación política. El hecho no es casual porque el Consejo editorial de la misma ha coincidido en el tema dado el gran acontecimiento en la vida política  y social mexicana constituido por las elecciones generales de 2018 donde fue  elegido un nuevo presidente para nuestro país. Hemos incorporado nueve artículos redactados por importantes y esclarecidos investigadores de México y España, primicia de los argumentos que pretenden  apuntalar a esta publicación como referencia de futuro.
La información y la política de la postverdad en el proceso electoral de México en 2018
Authors: Rodríguez Reséndiz Perla Olivia
Published: August 2021

Durante el proceso electoral de México en 2018 se produce, distribuye y se tiene acceso a un amplio volumen de información electoral a través de los medios tradicionales, los nuevos medios digitales y las redes sociales. También la audiencia y los seguidores de redes sociales ha incrementado y superado las cifras alcanzadas en otros procesos electorales. Este proceso electoral se inscribe en la era de la política de la postverdad que se distingue por que los hechos objetivos influyen menos en la opinión pública que los mensajes emotivos y creencias personales y; se observa la proliferación de mentiras, verdades a medias y promesas incumplidas. La política de postverdad vulnera las democracias. En este trabajo se define el término postverdad y se establece su relación con la política; se sitúa el contexto histórico en que se produce información en el proceso electoral de México y se analiza el uso de las mentiras, verdades a medias y promesas en el proceso electoral. Conviene advertir que éste no es un estudio concluyente, forma parte de una investigación en curso.
A new Xin'anjiang and Sacramento combined rainfall-runoff model and its application
Authors: Zhang Maolin , Wang Jinwen , Huang Yanxuan , Yu Lili , Liu Shuangquan , Ma Gaoquan
Published: August 2021

The Xin'anjiang model and the Sacramento model are two widely used short-term watershed rainfall-runoff forecasting models, each with their own unique model structure, strengths, weaknesses and applicability. This paper introduces a weight factor to integrate the two models into a combined model, and uses the cyclic coordinate method to calibrate the weight factor and the parameters of the two models to explore the possibility of the complementarity between the two models. With application to the Yuxiakou watershed in Qingjiang River, it is verified that the cyclic coordinate method, although simple, can converge rapidly to a satisfactory calibration accuracy, mostly after two iterations. Also, the results in case studies show that the forecast accuracy of the new combined rainfall-runoff model can improve the forecast precision by 4.3% in a testing period, better in runoff process fitting than the Xin'anjiang model that performs better than the Sacramento model.
Adsorption of vanadium with amorphous hydrated chromium oxide
Authors: Li Hualin , Zhang Hongling , Luo Minting , Dong Yuming , Xu Hongbin , Cheng Xichuan , Cai Zaihua
Published: August 2021

Vanadium is recognized as a potentially dangerous pollutant following closely behind lead, mercury and arsenic. Vanadium removal from wastewater prior to discharge is essential. In this work, an amorphous hydrated chromium oxide was prepared and its vanadium adsorption ability studied. As prepared, the hydrated oxide showed high efficiency in vanadium adsorption – e.g., from 300 to 0.75 mg-V·L−1. The effects of pH, adsorbent dosage, temperature, adsorption time and the presence of other ions on the vanadium removal rate were investigated, and optimal parameters determined. Dynamic adsorption results showed that pseudo-second-order kinetics could be used to interpret the kinetic curve and that the process was that of chemisorption. The Langmuir isotherm was found to fit the adsorption behavior well.
Ferroptosis: A Trusted Ally in Combating Drug Resistance in Cancer
Authors: Ozkan Erva , Bakar-Ates Filiz
Published: August 2021

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Ferroptosis, which is an iron-dependent, non-apoptotic cell death mechanism,
has recently been proposed as a novel approach in cancer treatment. Bearing distinctive
features and its exclusive mechanism have put forward the potential therapeutic benefit
of triggering this newly discovered form of cell death. Numerous studies have indicated
that apoptotic pathways are often deactivated in resistant cells, leading to a failure in therapy.
Hence, alternative strategies to promote cell death are required. Mounting evidence
suggests that drug-resistant cancer cells are particularly sensitive to ferroptosis. Given
that cancer cells consume a higher amount of iron than healthy ones, ferroptosis not only
stands as an excellent alternative to trigger cell death and reverse drug-resistance, but also
provides selectivity in therapy. This review focuses specifically on overcoming drugresistance
in cancer through activating ferroptotic pathways and brings together the relevant
chemotherapeutics-based and nanotherapeutics-based studies to offer a perspective
for researchers regarding the potential use of this mechanism in developing novel therapeutic
strategies.
Cancer Risk and Nullity of Glutathione-S-Transferase Mu and Theta 1 in Occupational Pesticide Workers
Authors: Usman Muhammad Bello , Priya Kanu , Pandit Soumya , Gupta Piyush Kumar
Published: August 2021

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Occupational exposure to pesticides has been associated with adverse health conditions, including genotoxicity and cancer. Nullity of GSTT1/GSTM1 increases the susceptibility of pesticide workers to these adverse health effects due to lack of efficient detoxification process created by the absence of these key xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes. However, this assertion does not seem to maintain its stance at all the time; some pesticide workers with the null genotypes do not present the susceptibility. This suggests the modulatory role of other confounding factors, genetic and environmental conditions. Pesticides, aggravated by the null GSTT1/GSTM1, cause genotoxicity and cancer through oxidative stress and miRNA dysregulation. Thus, the absence of these adverse health effects together with the presence of null GSTT1/GSTM1 genotypes demands further explanation. Also, understanding the mechanism behind the protection of cells – that are devoid of GSTT1/GSTM1 – from oxidative stress constitutes a great challenge and potential research area. Therefore, this review article highlights the recent advancements in the presence and absence of cancer risk in occupational pesticide workers with GSTT1 and GSTM1 null genotypes.