bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NOT NINE BUT EIGHTEEN: Husein Muhammad on Aisha’s Marriage Age
Authors: Jahroh Siti
Published: April 2023

The minimum age for marriage in fiqh has been a debated issue. This minimum limit is typically interpreted with reference to Aisha's marriage to the Prophet. Husein Muhammad argued, contrary to popular belief that Aisha's age at the time of her marriage was eighteen, not nine. This paper explains the characteristics of Husein's views on the minimum age for marriage in Islam. The data was collected from reviews of Husein's and other researchers' works in which they discussed Husein's ideas. This paper argues that, according to Husein, it is demonstrably untrue to postulate that Aisha was nine years old when she married. Husein concluded that Aisha was at least eighteen when she wed the Prophet. This interpretation arises as a result of his comparison between Aisha's age and Asma's. Besides that, Husein also considers the maqāṣid syarīah principle, according to which the age of eighteen is the minimum age that is physically and psychologically ideal and more compatible with the soul preservation of women and their future offspring.[Batas usia minimum perkawinan dalam fikih tidak ditetapkan secara pasti. Interpretasi batas minimum ini biasanya merujuk pada riwayat perkawinan Sitti Aisyah dengan Nabi. Berbeda dengan pendapat umumnya, Husein Muhammad berargumen bahwa usia Sitti Aisyah pada saat menikah adalah delapan belas tahun, bukan sembilan tahun. Beranjak dari ini, paper ini menjelaskan bagaimana karakteristik pemikiran Husein tentang batas usia minimum perkawinan dalam Islam. Data dikumpulkan dari telaah literatur yang ditulis langsung oleh Husein dan peneliti lain yang membahas pemikirannya. Paper ini berargumen bahwa menurut Husein, tidak benar jika dikatakan bahwa usia Sitti Aisyah ketika menikah dengan Nabi Muhammad Saw adalah sembilan tahun. Melainkan Husein berkesimpulan bahwa Sitti Aisyah setidaknya berusia delapan belas tahun saat menikah dengan Nabi. Interpretasi ini muncul karena dalam pemikirannya ia berkaca pada data sejarah perbandingan Usia Sitti Aisyah dan Usia Asma. Selain itu, Husein dalam pemikirannya tidak terlepas dari pendekatan maqāṣid syarīah, di mana usia delapan belas tahun ia tafsirkan sebagai usia minimal yang paling ideal secara fisik dan psikis dan paling sesuai dengan pemeliharaan jiwa perempuan dan keturunannya kelak.]
LIVING LAW AND WOMEN EMPOWERMENT: Weaving Skills as a Marriage Requirement in Sade, West Nusa Tenggara
Authors: Sugitanata Arif , Aminah Siti , Muhasim Ahmad
Published: April 2023

Weaving skills as a marriage requirement in the Sade Muslim Society is one of the customary rules—living law—that remains to exist currently, although it is not stated according to Islamic law or state law in the place. Departing from that uniqueness, this study aims to explore the reasons behind that term. Data was collected through interviews and observation in the field. Inspired by Turner’s symbolic anthropological theory, this study shows that the enforcement of customary rules—the prohibition of marriage for girls who do not yet have weaving skills—is interpreted as a form of cultural preservation. It is an effort to strengthen the micro-economy of the society with the hands of Sade women, which later becomes beneficial for their position in the family after marriage. Furthermore, the meaning of this customary rule is to preserve the identity of the Sade society which features the maturity and independence of women before going married.[Ketrampilan menenun sebagai syarat perkawinan di Masyarakat Muslim Sade merupakan salah satu aturan adat yang masih hidup hingga saat ini, meskipun tidak diatur menurut hukum Islam atau hukum negara di tempat tersebut. Berangkat dari keunikan tersebut, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggali alasan di balik istilah tersebut. Pengumpulan data lebih banyak melalui wawancara dan observasi di lapangan. Terinspirasi oleh teori antropologi simbolik Turner, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penegakan aturan adat yang melarang pernikahan bagi anak perempuan yang belum memiliki keterampilan menenun dimaknai sebagai bentuk pelestarian budaya. Ini merupakan upaya penguatan ekonomi mikro masyarakat dengan tangan-tangan perempuan Sade, yang nantinya bermanfaat bagi posisi mereka dalam keluarga setelah menikah. Selanjutnya, makna dari aturan adat ini adalah untuk melestarikan identitas masyarakat Sade yang menonjolkan kedewasaan dan kemandirian perempuan sejak sebelum menikah.]
THE NARRATIVE OF PROTECTING POLYGAMOUS WOMEN IN INDONESIA'S DIGITAL WORLD: Between Moderate and Conservative Muslims
Authors: Hadi Mukhammad Nur
Published: April 2023

This article focuses on the narrative of the polygamy issue on four Indonesian Islamic websites: portal-islam.id, nu.or.id, rumaysho.com, and muslim.or.id. They are selected based on ranking and visitation by referring to the results of processing data on similarweb. Deploying a content analysis approach, this article looks at the extent to which moderate and conservative school websites display the legal narrative of polygamy on their platforms. This research shows that there is a reasonably intense contestation between conservative and moderate perspectives on Islamic websites on the issue of polygamy. Both use the excuse of protecting women as the fundamental argument. Moderate Islamic website such as nu.or.id criticizes conservative understanding but also shows some views that align with traditional schools. The conservative Islamic websites: portal-islam.id, rumaysho.com, and muslim.or.id mostly stand firmly on the traditional argument, polygamy means protecting women. I argue that in this position, the moderate and the conservative Islamic websites,  at the top of the rankings do not significantly impact the progressivity of the polygamy legal discourse movement in the digital discourse.[Artikel ini berfokus pada narasi isu poligami di empat situs web Islami Indonesia: portal-islam.id, nu.or.id, rumaysho.com, dan muslim.or.id. Mereka diseleksi berdasarkan ranking dan visitasi dengan mengacu pada hasil pengolahan data pada similarweb. Menggunakan pendekatan analisis konten, artikel ini melihat sejauh mana situs web Islami bernuansa moderat dan konservatif menampilkan narasi hukum poligami di platform mereka. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kontestasi antara perspektif konservatif dan moderat dalam situs web Islami tentang isu poligami. Keduanya menggunakan dalih melindungi perempuan sebagai argumen dasar. Situs web Islami beraliran moderat, yakni nu.or.id mengkritisi pemahaman konservatif, tetapi juga menunjukkan beberapa pandangannya berkelindan dengan aliran tradisional. Situs web Islami yang konservatif: portal-islam.id, rumaysho.com, dan muslim.or.id sebagian besar berdiri teguh pada argumen tradisional, yakni poligami berarti melindungi perempuan. Saya berargumen bahwa dalam posisi ini, situs-situs web Islami moderat dan konservatif, di peringkat teratas tidak berdampak signifikan terhadap progresivitas gerakan wacana hukum poligami dalam wacana digital.]
MUSLIM GENERATION Z AND GLOBALIZED KNOWLEDGE: Perceptions of Muslim Generation Z of Banjarmasin on Prenuptial Agreement
Authors: Mansyuroh Firqah Annajiyah , Haris Muhammad , Mahmud Hafini Bin
Published: April 2023

This article focuses on prenuptial agreement from the perspective of Muslims Generation Z in Banjarmasin City. The information abundancy falling this generation, including legal norms and legal culture in the borderless world, rises a question: is the perception of Muslims Generation Z in Banjarmasin in common with Generation Z in other cities in other countries? To answer this question, a survey method was used to explore the perception of Muslims Generation Z in Banjarmasin on prenuptial agreement. This research finds that the perception of Muslims Generation Z in Banjarmasin tends to be the same as Generation Z in America and England. They know and understand the function and purpose of the prenuptial agreement. They also opine that this agreement is to be carried out for the benefit of their marriage (in the future). In addition, this research also finds that the perception of Muslim Generation Z in Banjarmasin towards prenuptial agreements is substantively different from the perception of the previous generation in Indonesia, who consider a prenuptial agreement as a kind of taboo.[Artikel ini berfokus pada perjanjian pranikah dari sudut pandang Generasi Z Muslim di Kota Banjarmasin. Berlimpah-ruahnya informasi yang menghujani generasi ini, termasuk norma hukum dan budaya hukum di dunia internasional, menimbulkan pertanyaan: apakah persepsi Generasi Z Muslim di Banjarmasin sama dengan Generasi Z di kota lain di negara lain? Untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, digunakan metode survei untuk menggali persepsi Generasi Z Muslim di Banjarmasin terhadap perjanjian pranikah. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa persepsi Generasi Z Muslim di Banjarmasin cenderung sama dengan Generasi Z di Amerika dan Inggris. Mereka mengetahui dan memahami fungsi dan tujuan dari perjanjian pranikah. Mereka juga berpendapat bahwa perjanjian ini dilakukan untuk kepentingan pernikahan mereka (kelak). Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa persepsi Generasi Z Muslim di Banjarmasin terhadap perjanjian pranikah secara substantif berbeda dengan persepsi generasi sebelumnya di Indonesia yang menganggap perjanjian pranikah sebagai hal yang tabu.]
SOCIOLOGICAL INTERPRETATION BY RELIGIOUS COURT JUDGES: Views of Bantul Religious Court Judges on the Husband's Financial Capability Requirement for Polygamy
Authors: Syahrin Alfi , Sodiqin Ali , Hakimi Abdul Rahim
Published: April 2023

The legal substance in the Government Regulation on Marriage Law Implementation, particularly on financial requirements for polygamy, allows the emergence of ambiguous interpretations for judges. Article 41, paragraph C, of that regulation, does not specify how judges should assess the financial strength of a husband who intends to engage in a polygamous marriage. Likewise, the Bantul Religious Court judges (who granted the most polygamy permits in Yogyakarta of 2021) have a different perspective on the requirements for financial ability in polygamy. In this context, this study examines how Bantul Religious Court judges deal with this legal ambiguity in their decisions. This study examines 14 polygamy verdicts. This research finds that the concept of financial ability in the polygamy case is the judge's way of measuring the justice of the husband. Justice primarily refers to the husband's capability to provide an adequate financial portion of the fair share to their wife (in the future). To know the husband's financial ability, judges apply a holistic approach that rests on a sociological lens.[Substansi hukum dalam Peraturan Pemerintah tentang Pelaksanaan Undang-Undang Perkawinan, khususnya tentang persyaratan keuangan untuk poligami, memungkinkan munculnya penafsiran ganda bagi hakim. Pasal 41 huruf C peraturan itu tidak mengatur bagaimana seharusnya hakim menilai kekuatan keuangan seorang suami yang hendak melakukan perkawinan poligami. Begitu pula dengan Hakim Pengadilan Agama Bantul (yang paling banyak memberikan izin poligami di DIY tahun 2021) memiliki pandangan yang berbeda tentang syarat kemampuan finansial dalam poligami. Dalam konteks tersebut, penelitian ini mengkaji bagaimana Hakim Pengadilan Agama Bantul menyikapi ambiguitas hukum tersebut dalam putusannya. Studi ini mengkaji 14 vonis poligami. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa konsep kemampuan finansial dalam kasus poligami merupakan cara hakim mengukur keadilan suami. Keadilan terutama mengacu pada kemampuan suami untuk memberikan porsi keuangan yang memadai dari bagian yang adil kepada istri mereka (di masa depan). Untuk mengetahui kemampuan finansial suami, hakim menerapkan pendekatan holistik yang berpijak pada lensa sosiologis.]
DOUBLE-BURDENED AND MARGINALIZED WOMEN: Patriarchal Dominance in the Development in Padang Lawas, North Sumatera
Authors: Pohan Muslim
Published: April 2023

Village Law Number 6 of 2014 stipulates the principles of participation, equality, and empowerment to make women subordinate in village development. This discourse cannot be separated from the role of the Batak Angkola Padang Lawas community, which is deeply committed to the patriarchal system. Women who work in development must face this well-established wall of old social construction. The study intends to investigate the reasons why women are marginalized in this development agenda. The data was gathered through documentation and interviews. Based on the patriarchal theory of Walby, it is safe to say that the construction of women's positions in village development in Padang Lawas is a manifestation of constructed patriarchal culture, which has long been part of Batak culture. Women's "lower education" than men's places them in an unfavorable position. The patriarchal dominance in the clan structure and dual roles as housewives perpetuate and gloss over this poignancy on a daily basis.[Undang-Undang Desa Nomor 6 Tahun 2014 mengatur prinsip partisipasi, kesetaraan, dan pemberdayaan untuk menjadikan perempuan tersubordinasi dalam pembangunan desa. Wacana ini tidak lepas dari peran masyarakat Batak Angkola Padang Lawas yang sangat kental dengan sistem patriarki. Perempuan yang bekerja dalam pembangunan harus menghadapi tembok konstruksi sosial lama yang sudah mapan ini. Studi ini bermaksud untuk menyelidiki alasan mengapa perempuan terpinggirkan dalam agenda pembangunan dalam kontek Desa Padang Lawas. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui dokumentasi dan wawancara. Berdasarkan teori patriarki ala Walby, dapat dikatakan bahwa posisi perempuan dalam pembangunan desa di Padang Lawas merupakan wujud dari konstruksi budaya patriarki yang telah lama menjadi bagian dari budaya Batak. "Pendidikan perempuan yang lebih rendah" daripada laki-laki menempatkan mereka pada posisi yang tidak menguntungkan. Dominasi patriarki dalam struktur klan dan peran ganda sebagai ibu rumah tangga mengabadikan dan memoles kepedihan ini setiap hari.]
MARRIAGE REGISTRATION AND SOLEMNIZATION AMONG MIGRANT MUSLIMS IN GERMANY: Harmonizing Islamic and State Law and the Existence of Origin Country Law
Authors: Wahib Ahmad Bunyan
Published: April 2023

This article highlights the way of Islamic and state law intersect in the context of marriage administration and solemnization among migrant Muslim groups in Germany, with a particular emphasis on the coexistence of Islamic law and state law. The differences between the two legal systems are well known, with Islamic law being religious in nature and German law being secular. However, the article argues that interviews with two Turkish and Egyptian mosque imams in Göttingen reveal a harmonious relationship between the two legal systems. It sheds light on the ways in which these legal systems can complement each other and work together in harmony, despite their differences. The harmony between Islamic law and state law in Germany is linked to the context in which these legal systems are implemented, including their nature, place, time, and manner. The flexible and adaptable nature of Islamic law means that it can negotiate and adapt to state law depending on the circumstances. At the same time, the religious practices carried out by immigrant Muslim communities in Göttingen also reflect the presence of the law of their countries of origin.[Artikel ini membahas tentang praktik administrasi perkawinan yang dilakukan oleh kelompok minoritas Muslim di Jerman dengan fokus pada keberadaan hukum negara dan hukum Islam. Meskipun kedua system hukum ini mempunyai aturan yang berbeda secara substansi dan procedural, hasil wawancara dengan dua Imam masjid komunitas Turki dan Mesir di Goettingen menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang harmonis antara kedua system hukum tersebut. Harmoni yang terjadi antara hukum Islam dan hukum negara di Jerman ini berhubungan dengan watak, tempat, waktu, dan cara kedua system hukum ini dilaksanakan. Watak dan karakter hukum Islam yang lentur/fleksibel berkaitan dengan waktu dan tempat pelaksanaan, menjadikan hukum Islam mampu bernegoisasi dan beradaptasi dengan hukum Negara. Pada level tertentu, tata cara praktik keagamaan yang dilakukan oleh komunitas immigrant Muslim di Goettingen ini juga mencerminkan/membawa keberadaan hukum negara asal Muslim imigran.]
Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar-Kampus Merdeka Perspektif Pendidikan Humanis Religius
Authors: Rizal Dimas Ahmad , Zani Moh. Zodikin , Thontowi Zulkifli Syauqi
Published: April 2023

Curriculum is an inseparable part of the education system. This study will analyze the Merdeka-Merdeka Campus Curriculum Learning from a Humanist-Religious Perspective (Study of the MPI Curriculum of UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta). This research is a field research with a descriptive-qualitative approach. Research subjects used purposive sampling. Data collection was carried out by observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis using data reduction and data presentation. Test the validity of the data using triangulation. The results of his research show that MBKM gives freedom to students to take programs according to their talents and interests, and encourages link and match. The MBKM curriculum is in line with the theory of religious humanist education both in terms of goals, learning processes, methods and evaluation. Because students can express their ideas and thoughts into a program that is of value to society.
Fulminant Eosinophilic Myocarditis Without Peripheral Eosinophilia
Authors: Lee Ja-Yeon , Lee Sun Hwa , Kim Won Ho
Published: April 2023

Eosinophilic myocarditis is a rare form of myocarditis characterized by eosinophilic infiltration and usually associated with peripheral hypereosinophilia. The clinical spectrum of eosinophilic myocarditis ranges widely, from mildly symptomatic to fulminant disease. When patients have fulminant eosinophilic myocarditis, high-dose corticosteroids can lead to dramatic improvement and peripheral eosinophil counts are used as an indicator of response to treatment. However, in some patients, peripheral eosinophilia is absent at initial presentation; reaching a diagnosis and determining treatment response can be challenging in this situation. This report describes a patient with fulminant eosinophilic myocarditis who initially presented with a normal peripheral eosinophil count, was diagnosed through an early endomyocardial biopsy, and was successfully treated with corticosteroids. Endomyocardial biopsy should be performed to confirm the presence of myocardial eosinophilic infiltration, especially for patients who present with fulminant myocarditis, even when peripheral eosinophilia is absent.
The Effects of Exercise on Spleen Fibrosis and Macrophage Number in D-Galactose-Induced Aging Rat Model
Authors: Mulyana Pramita Dwinda , Wasityastuti Widya , Astarini Fajar Dwi , Anggorowati Nungki , Arfian Nur
Published: April 2023

Background: Spleen plays a role in human immune system as well as in recycling and filtering blood. The aging spleen is associated with fibrosis and impaired immune system, increasing individual vulnerability to getting infections. Regular physical activity is essential to maintain and enhance body fitness, endurance, and immune system.Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of mild and moderate-intensity treadmill exercise on the aging spleen by examining fibrosis and the number of macrophages in d-Galactose-induced aging rat models.Methods: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: G1 (control group), G2 (d‐Galactose, no exercise), G3 (d‐Galactose, low-intensity exercise), and G4 (d‐Galactose, moderate-intensity exercise). d-Galactose was administered intraperitoneally on day 0 and treadmill exercise was given for four weeks following the modified Brown et al. (2007) protocol. Spleens were histologically processed and stained for picrosirius red and against CD68+ antibody. Percentage of fibrosis fraction area and macrophage cell count were obtained using ImageJ, and the data were analyzed statistically using SPSS software.Results: The aging spleen did not show any differences in weight, length, and width among groups (P > 0.05). The administration of d-Galactose in rats causes fibrosis and an increased number of macrophages. Low and moderate-intensity treadmill exercise could not lower the percentages of fibrosis fraction area. However, the moderate-intensity treadmill exercise was effective in lowering macrophage number.Conclusion: Moderate-intensity treadmill exercise was effective in lowering macrophage cell count in the aging rat spleen induced by d-Galactose.
Elevated levels of serum glucose, triglyceride, and liver enzymes in a rat model of 7,12 dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced carcinogenesis
Authors: Yustisia Ika , Padlianah Padlianah , Arif Mutmainah , Cangara M. Husni
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT Background: Uncontrolled cell proliferation in cancers has a high requirement of energy and biosynthetic substrates. Glucose and triglycerides are the main source of energy as well as the primary building blocks for forming cellular components of mammalian cells.Objective: This study aims to evaluate the shifting of serum glucose, triglyceride, and nitrogen wastes in the form of urea and creatinine levels; and liver enzymes levels, alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), in rat model carcinogenesis with a single dose of 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) for 16 weeks observation..Methods: The experimental animals of Rattus norvegicus strain Sprague Dawley were divided into two groups, namely the control group and the DMBA-induced group. A blood chemistry examination was carried out at weeks 4, 8, 12, and 16 post-induction using a spectrophotometer. In addition, observation of breast tumor formation and histological examination of the tumor and organs, including liver, lung, intestine, and kidney, were performed to confirm cancer formation.Results: Five of the six experimental rats (83.3%) induced by DMBA experienced breast and lung cancer formation accompanied by continuous weight loss starting at week 10 after induction. Serum glucose levels increased significantly at weeks 12 and 16 after induction, while serum triglyceride, ALT, and AST levels increased significantly from week 4 after induction until the end of the experiment. Serum urea levels did not show a significant difference from the control group. Nonetheless, creatinine decreased at the last examination.Conclusion: Elevated serum glucose, triglycerides, ALT, and AST levels escorted the chemical carcinogen-induced cancer development. Studies at the clinical level are needed to prove whether abnormally elevated of these blood chemistry levels can be used to detect the presence of cancer early.Keywords:DMBA, breast cancer, lung cancer, cancer metabolism.
Correlation between Interleukin-17 Levels with C-Reactive Protein and Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio in Sepsis
Authors: Retnoningrum Dwi , Sofro Muchlis Achsan Udji , Pramudo Setyo Gundi , Wicaksono Satrio Adi , Dahesihdewi Andaru
Published: April 2023

Background: Sepsis is a condition in systemic infection associated with organdysfunction. Interleukin-17 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine produced by Th-17 cells. C-reactive protein and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) have been widely used asmarkers of inflammation. The relationship between IL-17 as a proinflammatorycytokine with CRP and NLR has not been reported.Objective: This study aims to prove the correlation between IL-17 with CRP and NLRin septic patients.Methods: Analytical observational study with a cross-sectional approach was carriedout on 40 septic patients in July–December 2020. IL-17 levels were obtained by theELISA method while CRP levels were obtained using the immunoturbidimetric method.NLR was the result of dividing the absolute number of neutrophils and lymphocytesfrom the automatic hematology analyzer. Correlation between variables was performedusing Spearman correlation test.Results: The median levels of IL-17, CPR, and NLR were 363.55 (11.4-1695.80)pg/mL, 13.25 (0.43-53.87) mg/L, and 12.00 (2.26–48.5), respectively. The Spearmancorrelation test between IL-17 levels and CRP obtained p = 0.019, r = 0.37, and NLR p= 0.425, r = 0.13.Conclusion: There is a weak positive correlation between IL-17 levels and CRP inseptic patients. There is no correlation between IL-17 levels and NLR in septic patients.
Hepatogomax Improves Serum Albumin and Transaminase Enzyme Activity Levels in Sprague Dawley Rats Liver Cirrhosis
Authors: Kusuma Refani Alycia , Noer Etika Ratna , Purnomo Hery Djagat , Pramono Adriyan , Mahati Endang , Nissa Choirun
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTBackground: Patients with liver cirrhosis had liver cell damage and malnutrition risk. Hepatogomax enteral formula consists of soybean flour and goat’s milk flour which could reduce serum albumin, AST, and ALT levels because it contains BCAA amino acids (valine, leucine, and isoleucine) and MCT.Objective: To examine the effect of Hepatogomax enteral formula based on Soybean flour and goat’s milk flour on serum albumin, AST, and ALT levels in Sprague Dawley rats liver cirrhosis.Methods: The true experimental study – pre-post control group used 24 adult Sprague Dawley rats in 4 groups. Groups K(+), P1, and P2 were induced by Thioacetamide 400 mg/kgBW. The groups of  P1 and P2 were given the Hepatogomax enteral formula made from soybean flour and goat’s milk flour at a dose of 4.87 g/200gBW and 14.6 g/200gBW for 28 days. Serum albumin levels were determined using the Bromocresol Green (BCG) method while serum AST and ALT were determined using spectrophotometry. Statistical analysis had used Paired T-Test and Kruskal Wallis test with Mann Whitney follow-up test.Results: Serum albumin, AST, and ALT levels in the P1 and P2 groups had significant differences (p<0.05) against the K(-) and K(+) groups. Enteral formula based on soybean flour and goat’s milk flour could increase serum albumin levels and reduce serum AST and ALT levels of P1 and P2 groups. The most significant improvement in serum albumin, AST, and ALT levels was at dose 14.6 g/200gBW.Conclusion: Hepatogomax enteral formula based on Soybean flour and goat’s milk flour could increase serum albumin and redue AST, and ALT levels Sprague Dawley rats liver cirrhosis.
Effects of pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor on lymphocytes and white blood cells of patients with malignant tumor
Authors: Zhao Tong , Wang Yuejun , Zhou Deqing , Zhang Weike
Published: April 2023

We investigated the effect of pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (PEG-rhG-CSF) on lymphocytes and white blood cells of patients with malignant tumors. After PEG-rhG-CSF treatment, the count of lymphocytes increased in 66 cases, remained unchanged in 2 cases, and decreased in 20 cases. The difference in lymphocyte count before and after treatment was statistically significant (P < 0.001). White blood cell changes were positively correlated with lymphocyte changes (r = 0.36, P = 0.001). In the subgroup with increased white blood cells (n = 80), there were 62 cases with increased lymphocytes, 1 case with unchanged lymphocytes, and 17 cases with decreased lymphocytes after PEG-rhG-CSF treatment. There was significant difference in the count of lymphocytes and white blood cells (P < 0.001). In the subgroup with 6 mg of PEG-rhG-CSF (n = 66) and the subgroup with 3 mg of PEG-rhG-CSF (n = 22), the changes of white blood cell and lymphocyte counts before and after treatment were statistically significant (P < 0.001). The two were positively correlated in the 6 mg PEG-rhG-CSF subgroup, with correlation coefficient r = 0.34 (P = 0.002). PEG-rhG-CSF can increase the count of lymphocytes and white blood cells in patients with malignant tumors, and the increase of lymphocytes is positively correlated with the increase of white blood cells.
Biological variation of CA 15-3, CA 125 and HE 4 on lithium heparinate plasma in apparently healthy Caucasian volunteers
Authors: Guillaume Louise , Chapelle Virginie , Deltombe Matthieu , Nevraumont Arnaud , Mairesse Antoine , Maisin Diane , Gruson Damien
Published: April 2023

Objectives

Tumor markers are well-known for being important tools in the support of diagnosis, monitoring of treatment efficacy and follow-up of cancers. CA 125, CA 15-3 and HE 4 have demonstrated potential efficacy in other clinical indications. The main objective was to evaluate the biological variation of these glycoproteins using two different immunoassays in an apparently healthy Caucasian population.

Methods

Nineteen healthy volunteers including 11 women and 8 men were sampled weekly for 5 consecutive weeks. Samples were analyzed in duplicate on Lumipulse® G600II (Fujirebio) and on the Cobas e602 (Roche Diagnostics) analyzers. After assessment of normality, exclusion of outliers and analysis of homogeneity of variance, analytical variation (CVA), within-subject biological variation (CVI) and between-subject biological variation (CVG) were determined using a nested ANOVA.

Results

CVA, CVI and CVG were determined on both analyzers and both genders. For CA 125, the CVA ranges from 1.0 to 3.4%, the CVI from 5.7 to 13.8% and the CVG from 32.2 to 42.9%. For CA 15-3, the CVA is between 1.1 and 3.4%, the CVI between 3.9 and 6.5% and the CVG between 43.7 and 196.9%. Lastly, HE 4 has CVA values between 1.4 and 2.4%, CVI between 5.1 and 10.5% and CVG between 7.1 and 12.6%.

Conclusions

Our study provided updated data on the biological variation of CA 125, HE 4 and CA 15-3. These data allow to improve the clinical interpretation and thus the management of the patient.
Best proximity points in ℱ-metric spaces with applications
Authors: Lateef Durdana
Published: April 2023

The aim of this article is to introduce

α

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ψ

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-proximal contraction in the setting of ℱ-metric space and prove the existence of best proximity points for these contractions. As applications of our main results, we obtain coupled best proximity points on ℱ-metric space equipped with an arbitrary binary relation.
Neuropsychiatric manifestations of Lyme disease
Authors: Paparone Philip W.
Published: April 2023

Lyme disease is a multisystem illness that may affect the central nervous system and subsequently produce mild to severe psychiatric disorders. Physicians who treat patient with Lyme disease need to be aware of its neuropsychiatric symptoms, which may emerge months to years after the initial infection. Prompt diagnosis and effective treatment are needed to avoid the debilitating and possibly irreversible mental illness associated with the neurologic involvement of this spirochetal infection. The author reviews the neuropsychiatric manifestations of Lyme disease and provides diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for the management of the central nervous system disease that may cause them.
A fatal overdose of transdermally administered fentanyl
Authors: Kramer Christopher , Tawney Michael
Published: April 2023

We present a case of fentanyl overdose via mucous membrane absorption. A 31-year-old man presented to the emergency department in respiratory arrest. At intubation, a Duragesic transdermal patch (75 μg/h) was recovered from the buccal cavity. A second fentanyl transdermal patch (75 μg/h) was noted on the right lateral aspect of the thigh. Postmortem blood evaluation returned a venous fentanyl level of 17.2 μg/L. The therapeutic range for analgesic use is 1 μg/L to 3 μg/L. Drug screens were positive for benzodiazepines and cocaine. Mass spectrophotometry/gas chromatography was used to determine fentanyl levels and to confirm drug screen results. Case history, findings at intubation, and high fentanyl blood concentration suggest the cause of respiratory arrest and death was fentanyl overdose.
Small bowel obstruction as a complication of laparoscopic extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repair
Authors: Eugene Jean Renoir , Gashti Mojtaba , Curras Ernesto B. , Schwartz Kenneth , Edwards Joseph
Published: April 2023

Laparoscopic hernia repeair is associated with its own set of complications, such as intra-abdominal organ and vascular injury, gas embolism, penumoperitoneum, small bowel obstruction secondary to trocar site fascial defects, intra-abdominal adhesion, and reaction to synthetic mesh. With the extraperitoneal approach, the abdominal cavity is not violated, thereby eliminating the risks for these complications. However, small bowel obstruction, albeit rarely, do occur with this approach because of inadvertent violation of the peritoneal cavity, or failure to close the peritoneal opening of the hernia sac, as shown in this case presentation.
Effect of deep cryogenic processing cycles on surface roughness, dimensional stability and microstructure of high carbon high chromium tool steel for cutting tool and dies applications
Authors: Lomte Sachin , Deshmukh Ravindra , Sonar Tushar , Ivanov Mikhail , Balasubramanian Visvalingam
Published: April 2023

The main objective of this investigation is to analyze the influence of DCT cycles on microstructural evolution, surface roughness, hardness and dimensional stability of AISI D2 tool steel for cutting tools and dies applications. The cryogenic quenching was done using gaseous nitrogen. The AISI D2 tool steel was subjected to two DCT cycle: DCT-I (Hardening + DCT + tempering) and DCT-II (Hardening + tempering + DCT). The dimensional stability of AISI D2 tool steel was evaluated using standard Navy C-ring test. The coordinate measuring machine (CMM) was employed for the precise measurement of Navy C-ring subjected to different DCT cycle. The surface roughness was evaluated with R

a
(arithmetic mean roughness) and R

t
(total height of roughness profile) values using surface roughness tester. The microstructural features were analyzed using optical (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The electrical resistivity and hardness of treated samples were measured using micro-Ohm meter and Vickers microhardness tester. Results showed that AISI D2 tool steel treated with DCT-I cycle exhibited greater surface finish, hardness and dimensional stability compared to DCT-II cycle. It is mainly attributed to the greater precipitation of finer carbides and balancing of tensile-compressive residual stresses.
Acute Performance, Daily Well-Being, and Hormone Responses to Water Immersion After Resistance Exercise in Junior International and Subelite Male Volleyball Athletes
Authors: Horgan Barry G. , Tee Nicolin , West Nicholas P. , Drinkwater Eric J. , Halson Shona L. , Colomer Carmen M.E. , Fonda Christopher J. , Tatham James , Chapman Dale W. , Haff G. Gregory
Published: April 2023

Horgan, BG, Tee, N, West, NP, Drinkwater, EJ, Halson, SL, Colomer, CME, Fonda, CJ, Tatham, J, Chapman, DW, and Haff, GG. Acute performance, daily well-being and hormone responses to water immersion after resistance exercise in junior international and subelite male volleyball athletes. J Strength Cond Res 37(8): 1643–1653, 2023—Athletes use postexercise hydrotherapy strategies to improve recovery and competition performance and to enhance adaptative responses to training. Using a randomized cross-over design, the acute effects of 3 postresistance exercise water immersion strategies on perceived recovery, neuromuscular performance, and hormone concentrations in junior international and subelite male volleyball athletes (n = 18) were investigated. After resistance exercise, subjects randomly completed either 15-minute passive control (CON), contrast water therapy (CWT), cold (CWI), or hot water immersion (HWI) interventions. A treatment effect occurred after HWI; reducing perceptions of fatigue (HWI > CWT: p = 0.05, g = 0.43); improved sleep quality, compared with CON (p < 0.001, g = 1.15), CWI (p = 0.017, g = 0.70), and CWT (p = 0.018, g = 0.51); as well as increasing testosterone concentration (HWI > CWT: p = 0.038, g = 0.24). There were trivial to small (p < 0.001–0.039, g = 0.02–0.34) improvements (treatment effect) in jump performance (i.e., squat jump and countermovement jump) after all water immersion strategies, as compared with CON, with high variability in the individual responses. There were no significant differences (interaction effect, p > 0.05) observed between the water immersion intervention strategies and CON in performance (p = 0.153–0.99), hormone (p = 0.207–0.938), nor perceptual (p = 0.368–0.955) measures. To optimize recovery and performance responses, e.g., during an in-season competition phase, postresistance exercise HWI may assist with providing small-to-large improvements for up to 38 hours in perceived recovery (i.e., increased sleep quality and reduced fatigue) and increases in circulating testosterone concentration. Practitioners should consider individual athlete neuromuscular performance responses when prescribing postexercise hydrotherapy. These findings apply to athletes who aim to improve their recovery status, where postresistance exercise HWI optimizes sleep quality and next-day perceptions of fatigue.
The Undrained Shear Behavior of Clean Coral Silt and Coral Silt-Sand Mixtures
Authors: Jiang Chunyong , Ding Xuanming , Fang Huaqiang , Ou Qiang , Niu Lei
Published: April 2023

Coral silt foundation is deposited from marine land reclamation. Different soil types, including coral sand, silt, and clay with different particle diameters, are distributed in different areas through sorting and deposition. As a new type of fine-grained coral silt, the coral silt is made up of more than 50 % of particles with a grain diameter of less than 0.075 mm. This part of the fine-grained coral silt interlayer will affect the bearing capacity and cause uneven settlement of the coral silt foundation. To obtain the shear characteristics of coral silt, a series of consolidation undrained triaxial experiments were conducted on clean coral silt and coral silt-sand mixtures. The results show that the undrained behavior of coral silt displayed a strain-softening behavior. For clean coral silt, undrained peak strength and critical state shear strength were significantly dependent on the dry density. The undrained peak shear strength and critical state shear strength increase as the dry density increases. For coral silt-sand mixtures, as the coral sand content increased up to a threshold value (about 20 %), the undrained peak shear strength and critical state shear strength decreased. However, with a further increase in coral sand content, the undrained peak shear intensity and steady-state intensity began to increase.
Thyroid autoimmunity, thyroglobulin autoantibodies, and thyroid cancer prognosis
Authors: Viola Nicola , Agate Laura , Caprio Sonia , Lorusso Loredana , Brancatella Alessandro , Ricci Debora , Sgrò Daniele , Ugolini Clara , Piaggi Paolo , Vitti Paolo , Elisei Rossella , Santini Ferruccio , Latrofa Francesco
Published: April 2023

The relevance of thyroid autoimmunity to the prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma is still unsettled. We decided to investigate the impact of thyroid autoimmunity on the prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma and the handling of TgAbs. We evaluated the clinical course of a large group of patients according to the presence (PTC-LT) or absence (PTC) of lymphocytic thyroiditis at histology. We studied 194 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of PTC and treated them with total thyroidectomy plus ¹³¹I ablation between 2007 and 2009. Median follow-up (with 25th–75th percentiles) was 84.0 (56.4–118.0) months. The remission criteria were: basal Tg < 0.2 ng/mL (or stimulated Tg: < 1), TgAbs < 8 IU/mL (otherwise ‘decreasing TgAb trend’, a decline of ≥20% in sequential TgAb measurements) and unremarkable imaging. PTC-LT and PTC patients had comparable treatment.TgAbs were detectable in 72.5% of PTC-LT and 16.5% of PTC patients. Time to remission was longer in the detectable than in the undetectable TgAb cohort (28.5 vs· 7.5 months (median); HR: 0.54, CI: 0.35–0.83, P = 0.005). When comparing PTC-LT to PTC patients, the difference was maintained in the detectable TgAb (29.3 vs 13.0 months; HR: 0.38, CI: 0.18–0.80; P = 0.01) but not in the undetectable TgAb cohort (7.7 vs 7.3 months; HR: 0.90, CI: 0.55–1.47; P = 0.68). Using the decreasing TgAb trend, the influence of detectable TgAbs on time to remission was abolished. Thyroid autoimmunity does not influence the prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma. A decreasing TgAb trend seems an appropriate criterion to establish the remission of papillary thyroid carcinoma.
Life history information from tracks of domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) in ceramic building materials from a Roman bath-house at Vindolanda, Northumberland, England
Authors: Bennett Deb
Published: April 2023

Este estudio analiza las pisadas de perros (Canis familiaris) conservadas en ladrillos y tejas usadas en la construcción de una terma romana de Vindolanda (Northumberland, Inglaterra) durante el primer siglo de nuestra era. Se describen los tamaños y características de las huellas caninas, así como los senderos que éstas definieron y los tipos de marcha a los que remiten. Las medidas indican la presencia de entre tres y cinco tipos diferentes de perros. No resulta posible predecir el tamaño del perro a partir del tamaño de una huella. Las improntas del pelaje detectadas en determinadas huellas se han comparado con otras registradas en perros y gatos actuales. La colección de huellas de animales domésticos de Vindolanda es la mayor jamás documentada en yacimientos británicos de época Romana y una de las mayores conocidas en el mundo hasta la fecha. A la vista de la valiosa información que aportan las huellas animales sobre la biología de las especies, el trabajo concluye animando al abordaje de nuevos trabajos en el área de la icnoarqueología.
The new insights into the subsistence and early farming from neolithic settlements in central Europe: the archaeozoological evidence from the Czech Republic
Authors: Kovačikova Lenka , Bréhard Stéphanie , Šumberová Radka , Balasse Marie , Tresset Anne
Published: April 2023

Las evidencias arqueozoológicas de dos asentamientos neolíticos ocupados en los periodos de la cultura de la cerámica de bandas y la cultura de la cerámica incisa proporciona nuevos datos sobre los modos de vida de los primeros granjeros de la República Checa. Aunque existen numerosos asentamientos de estas dos culturas, solo estudios aislados nos permiten inferir las prácticas pecuarias sobre la base de datos arqueozoológicos e isotópicos. Nuestros resultados confirman que la ganadería proporcionó la mayor parte de los productos animales consumidos y que la caza era una actividad marginal. Aunque el vacuno parece haber sido la cabaña dominante, con ovicaprinos y porcino desempeñando un papel secundario en la economía animal, nuestros resultados evidencian variabilidad a escala regional. El manejo del vacuno y los ungulados de pequeño tamaño en Chot?budice y ?erný V?l cambiaron con el tiempo aunque los llamados productos secundarios (leche, posiblemente cueros) fueron explotados desde época de la cultura de la cerámica de bandas. Los perfiles de mortandad del porcino muestran un pico entre los 6 y 24 meses, con pocos individuos llegando a la edad adulta. Los análisis del ?13C y ?18O del esmalte dentario del vacuno proporcionan valores que apuntan al pastoreo en áreas abiertas y nacimientos agrupados. La combinación de datos de los análisis de isótopos estables y los patrones de mortandad sugieren que los terneros nacerían en primavera.
Modelo ecológico para evaluar la sobreexplotación de Ungulados: implicancias en los conjuntos zooarqueológicos de guanaco del sur de Mendoza
Authors: Neme Gustavo , Wolverton Steven , Gil Adolfo
Published: April 2023

Los conceptos ecológicos son útiles para explorar las razones de la declinación en la abundancia de ungulados a través del tiempo. Los datos demográficos, tales como perfiles de mortalidad y datos biométricos que reflejan el tamaño corporal pueden ser analizados conjuntamente para determinar si el decrecimiento en la disponibilidad de presas es el resultado de un incremento de la presión de caza o de un deterioro ambiental. Este último caso está relacionado a la disponibilidad de recursos para las presas. El modelo de depresión de presas de ungulados (UPDM; Ungulate Prey Depression Model) sintetiza conceptos ecológicos y explicita implicancias para la contrastación de hipótesis arqueológicas. Aspectos del modelo y conceptos relacionados han sido usados por los zooarqueólogos para examinar exitosamente el impacto de la presión de caza y/o el deterioro ambiental sobre las especies de ungulados. La disminución del guanaco como recurso ha sido propuesta para el registro arqueológico del Holoceno tardío en el sur de Mendoza, como parte de un proceso de intensificación regional. La misma se refleja en la declinación de los Artiodactyla en favor de especies de menor tamaño y la introducción de otros recursos a la dieta, como plantas silvestres y domésticas alrededor de 2000 años AP. Aplicaciones del UPDM podrían ayudar a clarificar el debate actual acerca de las causas que llevaron a la disminución de la importancia relativa del guanaco en la dieta de las poblaciones humanas prehispánicas del sur de Mendoza.
Roedores del Holoceno tardío de la Puna de Atacama, sitio arqueológico Tebenquiche Chico, Catamarca, Argentina
Authors: Ortiz P.E. , Jayat J.P. , Nasif N.L. , Teta P. , Haber A.
Published: April 2023

Se estudió una muestra de roedores proveniente del yacimiento arqueológico de Tebenquiche Chico, situado en el departamento Antofagasta de la Sierra, provincia de Catamarca, a 520 m de altitud y próximo al salar de Antofalla. El sitio corresponde a un pequeño asentamiento habitado entre los siglos IV y XII y reocupado en el siglo XVII de nuestra era. Los restos óseos fueron recuperados en el interior de las estructuras habitacionales del sitio arqueológico, situado en las proximidades de una pequeña vega, antiguas acequias de riego y campos agrícolas. Se han registrado los taxones Abrothrix andinus, Phyllotis xanthopygus, Phyllotis sp., Neotomys ebriosus, Chinchilla chinchilla, Lagidium sp., Ctenomys sp. y Abrocoma cinerea. Se describen en detalle los numerosos caracteres cráneo-dentarios que permiten la distinción entre los géneros Chinchilla y Lagidium a partir de restos fragmentarios, dos taxones ampliamente utilizados como recurso básico en la economía de los pueblos de los Andes centrales. Con la excepción de Neotomys ebriosus, todas las especies registradas en el yacimiento habitan actualmente en esta región de la Puna. Destaca el registro de N. ebriosus, sólo documentada actualmente en los sectores montañosos húmedos orientales de la región. La amplitud temporal, el carácter exiguo de la muestra, la ausencia de muestras modernas comparables y la modificación antrópica del paisaje local impiden la reconstrucción de las condiciones paleoambientales a partir de los roedores de Tebenquiche Chico.
La malacofauna marina del poblado de la Eedad del Bronce des Cap de Barbaria II (Formentera, Islas Baleares)
Authors: Marlasca Martín Ricard , Costa Benjamín , Fernández Jordi H.
Published: April 2023

En el artículo se presentan los restos malacológicos de origen marino del yacimiento del Cap de Barbaria II, de la isla de Formentera. El yacimiento, de la edad del bronce, es un claro exponente de las pautas de asentamiento y de explotación del territorio durante este periodo en la isla. La muestra complementa perfectamente la ya conocida de la cova des Riuets, también en Formentera, y permiten perfilar el panorama de las estrategias de subsistencia de los pobladores pitiusos durante la prehistoria, en el que los recursos marinos tendrían un papel importante.