bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
IIssues of peasant colonization of the Steppe Region in the State Duma of the Russian Empire (1906-1917)
Authors:   Institute of History and Ethnology named after Sh. Sh. Ualikhanov, Alimbay Nursan , Kabyldinov Z.Ye. ,   Institute of History and Ethnology named after Sh. Sh. Ualikhanov, Smagulov B.K. ,   Institute of History and Ethnology named after Sh. Sh. Ualikhanov
Published: October 2023

The article considers the process of participation of Kazakh deputies of the State Duma (hereinafter – the Duma) of the Russian Empire of the first and second convocations in the discussion and practical solution of the peasant colonization of the Kazakh region, which was aggressive in nature. The novelty of this part of the study is based on the involvement of factual data that had not previously entered scientific circulation, especially official documents of the Duma, it was possible to find out the reasons for the «inferior» participation of Kazakh deputies in the legislative activities of the Duma of the first two convocations. The reason was the discriminatory attitude towards representatives of the Kazakh population on the part of the tsarist authorities. They artificially delayed the official registration of elected Kazakhs as members of the Duma. In relation to an outstanding leader of the Kazakh political forces, Alikhan Bukeikhan, a deliberately fictitious criminal case was opened. The activities of those members of the III and IV Duma who represented various political forces and parties in the empire were also studied in detail. Special attention is paid to the study of political platforms and positions of individual deputies regarding the process of forced settlement of peasants in communal tribal territories of Kazakh pastoralists. The deprivation by the imperial authorities of the so-called «foreigners», including Kazakhs, the right to be elected and to elect, which followed immediately after the dissolution of the II Duma, quite eloquently demonstrates the true colonization policy of the Russian Empire, including in the field of land relations and land management.
The features of steppe civilization in the works of Shokan Ualikhanov
Authors:   M.Kh. Dulaty Taraz Regional University, Serubaeva Аurika , Kalenova Tengesh ,   L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Published: October 2023

This research paper delves into the intricacies of steppe civilization as elucidated within the works of Shokan Ualikhanov, a distinguished Kazakh scholar and ethnographer of the 19th century. Employing primary sources including Ualikhanov’s original compositions, translated materials, and correspondence, alongside secondary sources, the study meticulously dissects Ualikhanov’s examination of the Kazakh ethnogenesis. This encompasses an exploration of the etymology of the term «Kazakh,» the development of the Kazakh ethnic group and the Kazakh Khanate, and the underlying structure of nomadic societies. The research underscores Ualikhanov’s substantial contributions to historiography, underlining his profound grasp of the formation of the Kazakh populace and society, as well as his corrective influence on preceding scholarly inaccuracies.Ualikhanov’s investigations into the history and culture of Turkic communities draw upon primary Eastern medieval sources, such as Kadyrgali Jalair’s «Collection of Chronicles,» Abulgazy Bahadur’s «Shajara-i Turk, and Muhammad Haidar Dulati’s «Tarikhi-Rashidi.» Furthermore, he utilized manuscripts sourced from Kashgar, notably Tazkirah Sultan Sutuq Boghra Khan, Tazkirah Tughluq Temir Khan, Tazkirah Khojagan, Abu Muslim Maurizi. This paper highlights his pioneering effort in translating and interpreting the «Manas» epic’s section titled «Koketai khannyn ertegisi» into Russian, marking a significant scholarly achievement.
Homogeneización biótica en comunidades arbóreas de bosques tropicales: una revisión sistemática
Authors: Santos Patrícia Marques , Nascimento Marcelo Trindade
Published: October 2023

Se realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura sobre la homogeneización biótica en bosques tropicales y sus consecuencias para la diversidad de las comunidades arbóreas. Evaluamos artículos indexados en las bases Scopus® y Web of Science®, desde 1945 hasta 2022. La selección de publicaciones se llevó a cabo en la plataforma Rayyan. El método bibliométrico utilizado para el mapeo de la base de datos fue el análisis de co-palabras, en el software VOSviewer. Identificamos tres líneas de investigación en homogeneización biótica: ecología de la invasión de especies; factores ambientales y antropogénicos; y diversidad funcional y filogenética. El componente más estudiado y posiblemente el más afectado fue el componente taxonómico. Los eventos de homogeneización biótica están ampliamente distribuidos en la región tropical, siendo el tipo de bosque más afectado el bosque tropical lluvioso, y la principal causa señalada fue el cambio en el uso del suelo, relacionado con la degradación antropogénica. Los estudios sobre homogeneización biótica en los trópicos se han intensificado en la última década y han resultado en avances importantes para comprender este proceso, como la constatación de que los ambientes hiperdiversos son susceptibles a la ocurrencia de homogeneización biótica y que esta puede estar mediada por especies nativas generalistas. Observamos la aparición de otro componente de la diversidad que debe incluirse en el concepto de homogeneización: la homogeneización de las interacciones ecológicas.
A violação do direito internacional humanitário de mulheres e crianças durante a guerra na Ucrânia
Authors: Silva Isabela Santana da
Published: October 2023

A guerra na Ucrânia impactou o mundo com a série de ataques iniciados pela Rússia em fevereiro de 2022, conflito perpetuado desde o século XX, no cenário pós-guerra, a fim de restabelecer a soberania e tomada de territórios. Consequentemente, resultou aproximadamente um total de 5,6 milhões de refugiados ucranianos para toda a Europa que foram obrigados a abandonar suas casas, famílias e empregos em busca de proteção, dentre estes, principalmente mulheres e crianças que foram expostas ao abuso sexual e estupros, tráfico humano, tortura, maus tratos e mortes brutais, analogamente, regiões que sofreram investidas contra prédios públicos e destruição em larga escala de unidades que forneciam bens e serviços básicos para a população ucraniana. A falta de cumprimento das normas do DIH durante o conflito tem levado a relatos crescentes de violações graves dos direitos desses grupos vulneráveis. Diante desse cenário, surge a necessidade crucial de investigar e analisar esta problemática em profundidade a extensão das violações do DIH direcionadas a mulheres e crianças durante a guerra na Ucrânia, avaliando os fatores subjacentes que contribuem para essas violações e suas consequências humanitárias, legais e sociais, deste modo, contribuir para o conhecimento e fornecer visibilidade, objetivando enfatizar a importância da conscientização pública e do discernimento sobre as violações do DIH contra mulheres e crianças na Ucrânia, visando estimular discussões e ações que promovam a proteção desses grupos, a fim de promover este conjunto de leis que busca proteger civis e refugiados em tempos de guerra, no que limita os ataques e estabelece regras para os países participantes dos conflitos armados. O estudo foi realizado a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica, expondo dados, relatos e doutrinas que versam sobre o tema, desde o contexto inicial da guerra, até o início dos bombardeios e investidas pelas tropas russas, dizimando a vida de milhares de crianças e mulheres.
ДЕКАРБОНІЗАЦІЯ ЕКОНОМІКИ ЯК ЧИННИК ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ КЛІМАТИЧНО НЕЙТРАЛЬНОГО МАЙБУТНЬОГО: СУЧАСНІ ВИКЛИКИ І ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ В УКРАЇНІ ТА СВІТІ
Authors: Гнедіна Катерина , Сорока Анастасія
Published: October 2023

У статті розглядаються проблеми та перспективи декарбонізації економіки як необхідної передумови забезпечення кліматично нейтрального майбутнього. Визначаються сучасні виклики та напрями декарбонізації економіки в Україні та світі. Аналізується вплив зростання викидів парникових газів на зміну клімату та обґрунтовується необхідність реалізації невідкладних заходів для зменшення викидів CO2 та інших шкідливих речовин в атмосферу. Досліджуються сучасні підходи та ініціативи, спрямовані на декарбонізацію, такі як: використання відновлюваних джерел енергії, впровадження «зелених» технологій у промисловості, проєкти забезпечення енергоефективності, розвиток електромобільності та інші. Висвітлюється прогрес України в цьому напрямі та розглядаються ключові загрози, з якими стикається країна при реалізації декарбонізаційних проєктів, програм та стратегій. Висновки підкреслюють необхідність активної міжнародної співпраці та реалізації низки заходів для досягнення глобальної кліматичної нейтральності.
Analisis Sistem Akutansi Pembelian Bahan Baku Food & Beverage Pada Prama Sanur Beach
Authors: Parmiasih Ni Nyoman
Published: October 2023

Hotel Prama Sanur Beach which is engaged in lodging accommodation services often experiences problems in the implementation of its operations, especially in the procurement of raw materials such as wrong orders and invoices that do not match orders. The purpose of this study was to analyze the application of the accounting system for purchasing raw materials for Food & Beverage at Prama Sanur Beach in accordance with the theory. This research uses a comparative descriptive analysis technique. The results of the study revealed that the functions related to the purchasing system were inadequate and not in accordance with the theory because of the dual task of the warehouse function and the receiving function. The documents used in the purchasing system at the Prama Sanur Beach Hotel are not sufficient because there is no Purchase Order Change Letter if there is a change to the contents of the purchase order letter to the supplier officially. The records used in the purchasing system and the network of procedures that make up the purchasing system for food and beverage raw materials at hotels are adequate because they are in accordance with existing theory.
Pengaruh Pelatihan Dan Pendidikan, Pengalaman Kerja Personal Dan Partisipasi Manajemen Terhadap Efektivitas Penggunaan Sistem Informasi Akuntansi
Authors: Sukmayanthi Luh Putu Gita , Sudiana I Wayan , Yuniasih Ni Wayan
Published: October 2023

ABSTRACT

In this study, the causal factors that can affect the Effectiveness of the Use of Accounting Information Systems in Savings and Loan Cooperatives in West Denpasar District will be analyzed. Some of the factors studied were Training and Education, Personal Work Experience, and Management Participation. In this study, all employees of the Savings and Loans Cooperative in West Denpasar District were used as the research population in which the sample amounted to 78 people. The data in this study will be analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis techniques. The results of the study indicate that the existence of training and education programs, personal work experience, and management participation will be more effective in the use of accounting information systems in producing information.

Keywords: Effective Use of Accounting Information Systems

Keywords: Effective Use of Accounting Information Systems
Pengaruh Penekanan Anggaran, Asimetri Informasi, Dan Kejelasan Sasaran Anggaran Terhadap Kesenjangan Anggaran
Authors: Tariani Ni Komang , Wati NI Wayan Alit Erlina , Padnyawati Kadek Dewi
Published: October 2023

A budget is an estimate of achieving performance goals by recording estimates of income and expenses measured in monetary units over a specified period of time. Budget estimates use historical data to calculate your budget for the previous year. This indicates that the budget set is not being used optimally. We see that his APBD in Gianyar Regency government is under budget in this province. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of budget concentration, information asymmetry, and clarity of budget goals on budget coverage. The theory used in this study is agency theory. The data used in this study are primary data from recruitment questionnaires. This survey used a sample of 148 respondents. The analytical technique used is multiple linear regression. This study shows that budget orientation and information asymmetry can have a positive and significant impact on budget slack, whereas budget target clarity does not affect budget slack
Analisis Perlakuan Akuntansi Aset Biologis Agrikultur Pada Usaha Perkebunan Green Venus Garden
Authors: Pradnyani Ni Putu Dita , Arie Indraswarawati Sang Ayu Putu
Published: October 2023

This stuidy aims to determine the accouinting treatment of biological assets in the Green Venuis Garden plantation buisiness. This stuidy uised a quialitative analysis method with data obtained throuigh observation, interviews and also docuimentation of informants related to the Green Venuis Garden plantation. The analysis techniquie uised is descriptive comparative analysis, in which the researcher describes the findings derived from the data collected throuigh the observation process on the research object which will then be compared with the biological asset accouinting treatment method based on PSAK No. 69 on agricuiltuire in theory which has been developing in academic circles. Based on the resuilts of the research and discuission, it can be concluided that the accouinting treatment of the biological assets of the Green Venuis Garden Plantation is not in accordance with PSAK 69 becauise there is still muich that needs to be adjuisted again.
Financial sustainability in agri-food supply chains: A system approach
Authors: Hamam Manal , Spina Daniela , Selvaggi Roberta , Vindigni Gabriella , Pappalardo Gioacchino , D'Amico Mario , Chinnici Gaetano
Published: October 2023

Historically, both governmental and private sectors have significantly underinvested in the agriculture industry.Increasing agricultural and food system investments is necessary to enhance food security and nutrition, reduce poverty, and adapt to climate change. To achieve long-term benefits, it is crucial to ensure not only that more investments are made, but also that these investments are responsible.The purpose of this paper is to conduct a literature review of financial sustainability and ethical investing in the agriculture industry. The findings indicate that the academic community has begun to focus on these concerns in recent years. Specifically, issues concerning finance in developing nations and the management of irrigation systems are attracting attention.This paper's goal is to encourage more financial institutions, financial services managers, policymakers, and universities to participate in sustainable development projects in the financial services sector.
What do companies report about their digital transformation?
Authors: De Nicola Manuel , Maria Maurizi Anna
Published: October 2023

Consistently with the rapid and disruptive growth of digital transformation (DT), many studies in the field of accounting have investigated how digital technologies are used to improve reporting quality, effectiveness, timeliness, and other similar attributes. Conversely, there is a research gap concerning the features (and the respective preparers behaviors) of non-financial disclosure about the DT process experienced by the companies. To this end, integrated reports, which contemplate a section dedicated to comment about the business model (BM), might be suitable documents to be investigated. There is still little relevance attributed to the information disclosed to represent the impacts of DT on BM elements and on the relationship with stakeholders. Hence, this study proposes an exploratory approach mapping the DT reporting that a sample of Italian listed companies disclosed by adopting the principles issued by the International Integrated Reporting Council - IIRC (now Value Reporting Foundation). This research shows how BM reporting can help to understand whether and how companies implement a DT strategy. It also demonstrates that the representation of the relationship DT/BM is shallow and incomplete and that it is mainly used with the aim of enhancing legitimacy.
Teacher Appraisal and Feedback Provision in Italian Lower Secondary Schools
Authors: Gasperoni Giancarlo
Published: October 2023

Teacher appraisal is a major focus of educational reform, for it is believed that effective appraisal practices contribute to improving stu-dents' learning outcomes and principals' ability to manage their schools. This study arises from a secondary analysis of data collected in the 2018 edition of the Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) promoted by the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). More specifically, and firstly, it focuses on school administrators' views concerning the agents who provide for-mal appraisal to teachers in lower secondary schools, the frequency with which such appraisals occur, the modes of teacher evaluation, the users of such information, and the evaluations' operational repercussions. Secondly, it focuses on teachers' perceptions regarding the agents who provide them with feedback, the modes via which assess-ments are conducted, and the positive impact that such evaluations generate on teaching behaviour. Since at least some of the information collected among principals and teachers focuses on the same topics, it is also possible to explore the attunement among them, that is, whether educators working in the same school report convergent or conflicting accounts of appraisal practices. Over one-third of schools do not im-plement any formal assessment. Teacher appraisal and feedback prac-tices tend to be centred on both school administrators, assisted by their management staffs, and other teachers in the same school, whereas ex-ternal agents tend to play a marginal role. Findings point to a substan-tial discrepancy, between school leaders and teachers, in how apprais-al/feedback practices are carried out, especially but not exclusively as regards the role of school management. This gap in the perception of largely factual circumstances is an issue of concern. This study also develops some critical reflections concerning the way in which TALIS explores these issues.
Electric Vehicle Charging and Car Dependency
Authors: Millard-Ball Adam , Timmons Natasha
Published: October 2023

We explore whether policies to promote electric vehicles (EVs) impede efforts to reduce vehicle travel. We hypothesize that the presence of EV chargers reduces respondents’ willingness to support (i) the removal of on-street parking to make space for bicycle lanes, and (ii) infill development on surface parking lots. We also hypothesize that the availability of EVs reduces public support for broader vehicle travel reduction policies. Using a randomized survey-based experiment, we find no evidence to support any of these hypotheses.
Propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Afrontamiento para Adolescentes (EA-A).
Authors:   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Gómez Maqueo Emilia Lucio , Durán Patiño Consuelo ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Barcelata Eguiarte Blanca E. ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Romero Godínez Edith ,   Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
Published: October 2023

Los objetivos del presente trabajo son crear un cuestionario para evaluar influencias situacionales para la conducta sexual en los hombres que tienen sexo con hombres; estudiar las propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario; describir las influencias situacionales abarcadas por el contenido de los ítems; y describir las distribuciones del cuestionario, sus escalas y sus factores. El consumo de sustancias previo al encuentro sexual y sitios de encuentro fueron las influencias evaluadas. Se recolectó una muestra de 133 participantes por muestreo dirigido por entrevistados. La escala de consumo de sustancias tuvo una estructura de dos factores (alcohol y drogas) que tuvieron consistencia interna excelente. La escala de sitios de encuentro fue unidimensional y tuvo consistencia interna buena. El ajuste de ambos modelos factoriales fue bueno. Las puntuaciones del factor de consumo de alcohol siguieron una distribución normal. Las otras distribuciones fueron asimétricas. Se concluye que el cuestionario posee consistencia interna y validez de constructo.
La nada, poesía (in) significante
Authors: Bustos Muñoz David Alejandro
Published: October 2023

Este estudio, a partir del ensayo “Poéticas Negativas” de Felipe Cussen, Marcela Labraña y Megumi Andrade, en el que se aborda a la nada desde varias categorías, que provienen del discurso apofático, propio de la teología de la negatividad; analizará dos libros de poesía: Letra Chica (2018) de Andrés Urzúa y Cuaderno de Composición (2014) de Martín Gubbins. Se observarán tanto los aspectos materiales y visuales, en el que se problematizan los límites disciplinares de la literatura y las artes visuales, con el fin
Los orígenes del microrrelato en Francia: Charles Baudelaire. Nuevas reflexiones sobre su obra en su segundo centenario
Authors: Hernández Darío
Published: October 2023

Aprovechando que se ha cumplido en 2021 el segundo centenario del nacimiento en París del maestro Charles Baudelaire (1821-1867), hemos decidido volver sobre una de las cuestiones de mayor novedad histórica que plantea su producción literaria, y que no es otra que aquella que lo convierte en el iniciador del cultivo del microrrelato no ya en Francia, sino en Europa y, en su conjunto, en el ámbito occidental. Será Rubén Darío, posteriormente, quien abra la vía para la expansión del género en el mundo hispánico, que es donde mayor repercusión ha tenido la micronarrativa.
El uso de la muerte cruzada por parte del ejecutivo para el aseguramiento de la estabilidad política ecuatoriana: Caso ecuatoriano decreto ejecutivo 741
Authors: García Sánchez Jhony Santiago , Muñoz Sánchez Katty Rosalía , Cárdenas Santa Cruz Juan José
Published: October 2023

Introducción: Desde la creación de los Estados democráticos el mantener la gobernabilidad de los mismos ha sido un tema de controversia cuando sus distintos poderes no pueden realizar una sinergia entre sí a fin de velar por los intereses del pueblo, es por esto que se han implementado mecanismos legales con el objetivo de recuperar la gobernabilidad de un Estado cuando esta se ha perdido, en el Ecuador la figura de la muerte cruzada ha sido usada con este objetivo para lo que analizaremos si realmente es una vía idónea en el contexto del país. Metodología: Se empleó el método inductivo-deductivo con el objetivo de analizar la coyuntura sociopolítica del Ecuador al momento de la emisión del decreto ejecutivo 741 con lo enmarcado en la Constitución y dictámenes de la Corte Constitucional referente a la muerte cruzada. Tipo de Investigación: En la presente investigación se utilizará el tipo de investigación cualitativa. lo cual nos permitirá aglomerar y analizar datos relevantes al tema, así como opiniones y percepciones de personas con experticia en la materia y ciudadanos en general. Resultados: La muerte cruzada es una figura que fomenta la alternabilidad y gobernabilidad generando que el pueblo ecuatoriano sea convocado nuevamente a elecciones con una segunda vuelta electoral. Conclusión: Se ha utilizado por primera vez en la historia democrática del Ecuador la muerte cruzada la cual aplicada en el contexto actual es un mecanismo idóneo para recuperar la gobernabilidad de un sistema político poco funcional. Sin embargo, dado el contexto en el que se encontraba el Presidente de la República deja a la duda si esta figura fue empleada con ese objetivo, o fue simplemente una estrategia para no enfrentar su juicio político. Área de Estudio General: Derecho. Área de Estudio Específico:  Derecho Constitucional.
Granular Cell Tumors
Authors: ABM Moniruddin  , Halima Khatun Doly  , Shakila Jannat  , Tanvirul Hasan  , MA Rouf
Published: October 2023

GCTs (Granular Cell Tumors) are rare, uncommon STTs (Soft Tissue tumors) that may develop at any location in the human body. Though the initial one was identified first as a non-capsulated granular cell myoblastoma of the tongue, they are now identified immunohistochemically as principally of neural Schwann cell origin (S-100 marker positive). Still more rarely, non-neural GCTs are also described that are probably of mesenchymal origin (as evidenced by S-100 marker negativity and vimentin positivity). Though they are more common in females and black people in the third to sixth decades of life, no sex, no race, and no age group are immune to this disease. They are mostly benign and very rarely malignant. Exact history taking, physical examination and laboratory investigations, including histopathological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical examinations, are essential to arrive at a concrete diagnosis, as many other tumors (e.g., malignant melanoma, small cell lung cancer, etc.) in the body resemble GCTs both histologically (granularity) and by biological behavior (benign, malignancy, recurrency at primary and metastatic sites). Benign variants have clinical features depending on location and are universally cured by wide surgical excision. The malignant variant carries a worse prognosis. These rare GCTs are to be kept in mind always in the differential diagnosis of soft tissue swellings anywhere in the body. Their biological and pathological features, differential diagnosis, and therapeutic implications are discussed here, briefly reviewing the available literature.KYAMC Journal Vol. 14, No. 02, July 2023: 96-101.
Distributional records of Onthophagus germanus Gillet, 1927 and Onthophagus orissanus Arrow, 1931(Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae) from south India
Authors: Sobhana K.A. , Viswanath T.K. , Hegde V.D.
Published: October 2023

Distribution records of two dung beetle species, Onthophagus orissanus Arrow, 1931 and O. germanus Gillet, 1927, from south India is provided. O. orissanus is reported for first time from south India and O. germanus is reported for the first time outside the moist south Western Ghats from the Malabar Coast region in Kerala.
Do Tapping Box Technology Increase Local Taxes And District Own Source Revenue?
Authors: Ratnawati Juli , Anna Sumaryati  , Enny Susilowati Mardjono  , Melati Oktafiyani
Published: October 2023

Taxes have a very important contribution to the state because they are the main income and a manifestation of community involvement in state spending which is regulated in laws. Local taxes as one of the many sources of District Own Source Revenue have a very important role in regional development. This local taxes collection and revenue must be maximized so that the resulting District Own Source Revenue will be maximized as well. The technological innovation or the use of Tapping Box has become an important part of taxes collection and revenue. The study aims to investigate restaurant taxes, the hotel taxes, and entertainment taxes on District Own OktafiyantiSource Revenue receipts mediated by the use of Tapping Box technology. The research took place in the Regional Finance Agency (BAPENDA) of Semarang Regency. This study uses a sample of 60 with 5 years of observation. The sample is the amount of taxes or income per month received from the Regional Taxes Information System then the acquisition of the collected data was analyzed using WarpPLS. The results show that the use of Tapping Box has proven to be able to strengthen the relationship between restaurant taxes and District Own Source Revenue and also the relationship between hotel taxes and District Own Source Revenue. On the other hand, the use of tapping boxes does not strengthen the relationship between the entertainment taxes and District Own Source Revenue. This indicates that the tapping box is often deactivated so that the entertainment business owner's income is not recorded every day, which causes the entertainment taxes paid to the local government to be not optimal.
Carbon budgets of copepod communities in the northern Humboldt Current System off Peru
Authors: Schukat A , Bode-Dalby M , Massing JC , Hagen W , Auel H
Published: October 2023

Abundance, biomass and respiration rates of dominant medium- to larger-sized copepod species (ML class) from the upwelling system off Peru (8.5-16°S) were determined along with their carbon ingestion and egestion rates. Small copepods (S class) were included for comparisons of community rates. Overall, abundance/biomass was highest in the upper 50 m and decreased with depth and thus also community ingestion and egestion. Ingestion of the ML class (0-50 m) in shelf regions (14-515 mg C m-2 d-1) was lower in the south compared to the north and central study areas, while their offshore ingestion (11-502 mg C m-2 d-1) was comparable across regions (8.5-16°S). Ingestion rates (0-50 m) of the S class were in a range similar to those of the ML class in shelf regions (100-417 mg C m-2 d-1) but were higher offshore (177-932 mg C m-2 d-1). Calanus chilensis and the S class contributed most to total ingestion in the north, while in the south, Centropages brachiatus had the highest community ingestion aside from the S class. Egestion varied from 3-155 mg C m-2 d-1 for the ML class and 30-280 mg C m-2 d-1 for the S class. The high community rates highlight the crucial role of both size classes for carbon budgets in the northern Humboldt Current System off Peru and indicate that the ML class may enhance passive vertical carbon flux, whereas the S class may support carbon remineralization rates in surface waters.
DNA in the spotlight: visualization, quantification, and manipulation of DNA with small molecule intercalators
Authors:   , Kolbeck Pauline, Julika
Published: October 2023

Fluorophores for staining nucleic acids have become an essential part of molecular and cell biology research. Recently, a wide range of DNA- and RNA-binding fluorophores has been developed for staining nucleic acids after in vitro separation in gels, in single molecule experiments, and in (living) cells for fluorescence imaging. For optimal staining, it is crucial to know the binding parameters. Here, I present three research projects investigating the molecular binding mechanisms between different dyes and DNA, how binding affects the photophysics and photochemistry of the dyes, and in turn the structural and mechanical properties of DNA.

In the first part, I review the fluorescent dye SYBR Gold. I present its chemical structure and determine structural aspects of DNA binding. Using a combination of single molecule methods and bulk fluorescence measurements, I quantify the binding of SYBR Gold to DNA and show that SYBR Gold binds in an intercalative binding mode, which leads to a tremendous increase in fluorescence quantum efficiency.

The second part focuses on the interactions between the ruthenium complex Ru(TAP)32+ [TAP = 1,3,5,8-tetraazaphenanthrene] and DNA. Using several single-molecule techniques, I show that Ru(TAP)32+ can bind to DNA with a strong binding mode via intercalation, and a weak binding mode that presumably occurs based on hydrogen bond formation. By combining both interactions, Ru(TAP)32+ can bind two DNA segments together in a non-covalent manner. Through bulk photophysical and photochemical experiments, I demonstrate how multivalent binding can accelerate the photochemistry of covalent adduct formation.

In the third part of this thesis, I investigate DNA-ligand binding in a topologically closed system. The experimental investigation is based on the intercalators ethidium bromide, SYBR Gold, SYTOX Orange and trimethylpsoralene. In addition, I introduce a theoretical model that accurately describes the experimental data and allows the quantitative study of different DNA supercoiling densities both in vitro and in vivo.
Prothrombin and factor V polymorphisms in a Latin American cohort with heart failure and type 2 diabetes.
Authors: Estévez Gómez María Juliana , Acevedo Peña Diego Andrey , Castillo Goyeneche Silvia Fernanda , Arias Anderson Felipe , Dulcey Luis Andres , Gomez Jaime , Hernandez Carlos , Theran Leon Juan Sebastian , Caltagirone Raimondo , Blanco Edgar , Ciliberti Maria
Published: October 2023

Introduction : The study of the role of genetic markers of hemostasis disorders in CHF with both preserved (HFPEF) and reduced (HFREF) LVEF in patients with DM2 has not been adequately addressed . Methods : We used “ Genetics of Hemostasis ” kits from the company DNA Technology (USA). Amplification was performed in a DT-Prime 5 amplifier (DNA Technology , USA) for the prothrombin and factor V gene polymorphisms. Results: F13 (rs5985) and fibrinogen (rs1800790): they are more common in patients with HFPEF and DM2 than in the control group and in patients with HFREF ; ITGA2 (rs1126643): was less common in the HFPEF group than in the control group; ITGB3 (rs5918) and PAI-1 (rs1799889) rs5918 are more common than in the control group and HFPEF group. Conclusions : We encourage carrying out this type of studies since they are scarce in the regional literature.
Automated diagnosis of anterior cruciate ligament via a weighted multi-view network
Authors: Li Feng , Zhai Penghua , Yang Chao , Feng Gong , Yang Ji , Yuan Yi
Published: October 2023

Objective: To build a three-dimensional (3D) deep learning-based computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system and investigate its applicability for automatic detection of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) of the knee joint in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: In this study, we develop a 3D weighted multi-view convolutional neural network by fusing different views of MRI to detect ACL. The network is evaluated on two MRI datasets, the in-house MRI-ACL dataset and the publicly available MRNet-v1.0 dataset. In the MRI-ACL dataset, the retrospective study collects 100 cases, and four views per patient are included. There are 50 ACL patients and 50 normal patients, respectively. The MRNet-v1.0 dataset contains 1,250 cases with three views, of which 208 are ACL patients, and the rest are normal or other abnormal patients.

Results: The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the ACL diagnosis system is 97.00% and 92.86% at the optimal threshold for the MRI-ACL dataset and the MRNet-v1.0 dataset, respectively, indicating a high overall diagnostic accuracy. In comparison, the best AUC of the single-view diagnosis methods are 96.00% (MRI-ACL dataset) and 91.78% (MRNet-v1.0 dataset), and our method improves by about 1.00% and 1.08%. Furthermore, our method also improves by about 1.00% (MRI-ACL dataset) and 0.28% (MRNet-v1.0 dataset) compared with the multi-view network (i.e., MRNet).

Conclusion: The presented 3D weighted multi-view network achieves superior AUC in diagnosing ACL, not only in the in-house MRI-ACL dataset but also in the publicly available MRNet-v1.0 dataset, which demonstrates its clinical applicability for the automatic detection of ACL.
A multidisciplinary perspective on the relationship between sustainable built environment and user perception: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: Ye Yang , Huang Yi , Li Shuqi
Published: October 2023

The study of the relationship between sustainable built environment and user perception has often taken a single perspective, displaying neither a holistic view of the relationship nor a systematic and refined grasp of the research content previously. This has resulted in a biased understanding of the two research objects and their respective measurement methods and made it difficult to develop synergies. In this context, this paper summarises the current research hotspots and trends in the relationship between sustainable built environment and user perception through CiteSpace quantitative analyses such as keyword co-occurrence networks, emergent word detection, and disciplinary re-clustering, and takes a multidisciplinary perspective to focus on relevant research in public health, environmental science, and architecture and urban design, such as the progress of research between sustainable built environment and users in physical activity, environmental cognition, and image perception. The results show that in the environmental science field, environmental cognition is the core, based on the study of users’ direct perception of sustainable built environment and its externalisation in the expression of behaviours. The public health field and the architecture and urban design field are dominated by the study of perceptual outcomes. There is a trend towards big data as a measurement tool for research subjects in all fields with a multidisciplinary perspective and the inclusion of more disciplines can produce more meaningful research results. The study provides a framework for research into the relationship between the two from a broader perspective and provides guidance for future multidisciplinary research, with implications for the construction of high-quality human-centred urban spatial environments.
Failure behavior of an adaptive concrete beam with integrated fluidic actuators: non-linear three-dimensional finite element analysis
Authors: Gambarelli Serena , Fararoni Platas R. Noé , Shankar Arvinth , Dakova Spasena , Böhm Michael , Sawodny Oliver , Nitzlader Markus , Blandini Lucio
Published: October 2023

In the present study, the adaptive behavior of a concrete beam with integrated fluidic actuators was numerically investigated through three-dimensional (3D) non-linear finite element (FE) analysis. The employed numerical approach for the mechanical behavior of concrete is based on the microplane theory, implemented in the in-house software MAcroscopic Space Analysis (MASA). Different cases were analyzed and the results compared with experimental tests available in the literature. First, a reference concrete beam without actuators was numerically analyzed in order to calibrate and validate the employed non-linear microplane material model. Thereafter, the validated model was used for the non-linear analysis of the concrete beam with integrated fluidic actuators, with respect to different load cases. The obtained results confirm the capability of the model to reproduce the deformational behavior of the beam for all analyzed cases. A fundamental aspect is the realistic modeling of the actuators and related applied pressure. The use of a non-linear material model allows to realistically capture the possible cracking and consequent failure of the beam. It is worth mentioning that a full model validation should be extended to the long-term behavior of actuated structural elements. In future perspective, the well-established numerical framework for concrete, based on coupled 3D hygro-thermo-mechanical model, can be used to 1) investigate the performance of adaptive structural components, with respect to more complex loading conditions, e.g., cyclic; 2) perform durability analysis under exposure to different combinations of mechanical and/or environmental loading conditions.
Charge and lipophilicity are required for effective block of the hair-cell mechano-electrical transducer channel by FM1-43 and its derivatives
Authors: Derudas Marco , O’Reilly Molly , Kirkwood Nerissa K. , Kenyon Emma J. , Grimsey Sybil , Kitcher Siân R. , Workman Shawna , Bull James C. , Ward Simon E. , Kros Corné J. , Richardson Guy P.
Published: October 2023

The styryl dye FM1-43 is widely used to study endocytosis but behaves as a permeant blocker of the mechano-electrical transducer (MET) channel in sensory hair cells, loading rapidly and specifically into the cytoplasm of hair cells in a MET channel-dependent manner. Patch clamp recordings of mouse outer hair cells (OHCs) were used to determine how a series of structural modifications of FM1-43 affect MET channel block. Fluorescence microscopy was used to assess how the modifications influence hair-cell loading in mouse cochlear cultures and zebrafish neuromasts. Cochlear cultures were also used to evaluate otoprotective potential of the modified FM1-43 derivatives. Structure-activity relationships reveal that the lipophilic tail and the cationic head group of FM1-43 are both required for MET channel block in mouse cochlear OHCs; neither moiety alone is sufficient. The extent of MET channel block is augmented by increasing the lipophilicity/bulkiness of the tail, by reducing the number of positive charges in the head group from two to one, or by increasing the distance between the two charged head groups. Loading assays with zebrafish neuromasts and mouse cochlear cultures are broadly in accordance with these observations but reveal a loss of hair-cell specific labelling with increasing lipophilicity. Although FM1-43 and many of its derivatives are generally cytotoxic when tested on cochlear cultures in the presence of an equimolar concentration of the ototoxic antibiotic gentamicin (5 µM), at a 10-fold lower concentration (0.5 µM), two of the derivatives protect OHCs from cell death caused by 48 h-exposure to 5 µM gentamicin.
DNA damage and repair: underlying mechanisms leading to microcephaly
Authors: Ribeiro Jessica Honorato , Altinisik Nazlican , Rajan Nicholas , Verslegers Mieke , Baatout Sarah , Gopalakrishnan Jay , Quintens Roel
Published: October 2023

DNA-damaging agents and endogenous DNA damage constantly harm genome integrity. Under genotoxic stress conditions, the DNA damage response (DDR) machinery is crucial in repairing lesions and preventing mutations in the basic structure of the DNA. Different repair pathways are implicated in the resolution of such lesions. For instance, the non-homologous DNA end joining and homologous recombination pathways are central cellular mechanisms by which eukaryotic cells maintain genome integrity. However, defects in these pathways are often associated with neurological disorders, indicating the pivotal role of DDR in normal brain development. Moreover, the brain is the most sensitive organ affected by DNA-damaging agents compared to other tissues during the prenatal period. The accumulation of lesions is believed to induce cell death, reduce proliferation and premature differentiation of neural stem and progenitor cells, and reduce brain size (microcephaly). Microcephaly is mainly caused by genetic mutations, especially genes encoding proteins involved in centrosomes and DNA repair pathways. However, it can also be induced by exposure to ionizing radiation and intrauterine infections such as the Zika virus. This review explains mammalian cortical development and the major DNA repair pathways that may lead to microcephaly when impaired. Next, we discuss the mechanisms and possible exposures leading to DNA damage and p53 hyperactivation culminating in microcephaly.
A risk model for the early diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in patients with chronic kidney disease
Authors: Su Xiao-Feng , Chen Xu , Zhang Tao , Song Jun-Mei , Liu Xin , Xu Xing-Li , Fan Na
Published: October 2023

Introduction

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains a critical disease, characterized by a high fatality rate in several countries. In clinical practice, the incidence of AMI is increased in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the early diagnosis of AMI in the above group of patients is still poor.

Methods

In the present study, a total of 829 patients with CKD, defined by an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 or 60–90 ml/min/1.73 m2 for patients with mildly reduced kidney function, who attended the Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital (SPPH) between January 2018 and November 2022 were enrolled. All patients underwent coronary angiography due to the presence of typical or atypical symptoms of AMI. Patients were divided into the following two groups: The training cohort, including 255 participants with AMI and 242 without AMI; and the testing cohort, including 165 and 167 subjects with and without AMI, respectively. Furthermore, a forward stepwise regression model and a multivariable logistic regression model, named SPPH-AMI-model, were constructed to select significant predictors and assist the diagnosis of AMI in patients with CKD, respectively.

Results

The following factors were evaluated in the model: Smoking status, high sensitivity cardiac troponin I, serum creatinine and uric acid levels, history of percutaneous coronary intervention and electrocardiogram. Additionally, the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve were determined in the risk model in the training set [AUC, 0.78; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.74–0.82] vs. the testing set (AUC, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.69–0.79) vs. the combined set (AUC, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.73–0.80). Finally, the sensitivity and specificity rates were 71.12 and 71.21%, respectively, the percentage of cases correctly classified was 71.14%, while positive and negative predictive values of 71.63 and 70.70%, respectively, were also recorded.

Discussion

The results of the current study suggested that the SPPH-AMI-model could be currently considered as the only risk scoring system for the early diagnosis of AMI in patients with CKD. This method could help clinicians and emergency physicians to quickly and accurately diagnose AMI in patients with CKD to promote the immediate and effective treatment of these patients.
Case report: Identification of a recurrent pathogenic DHDDS mutation in Chinese family with epilepsy, intellectual disability and myoclonus
Authors: Dong Yi , Zhang Yi , Sheng Yue , Wang Fang , Liu Lv , Fan Liang-Liang
Published: October 2023

Background: Heterozygous mutations in the dehydrodolichol diphosphate synthase (DHDDS) gene are one of the causes generating developmental and epileptic encephalopathies. So far, only eleven mutations in the DHDDS gene have been identified. The mutation spectrum of the DHDDS gene in the Chinese population remains unclear.

Methods: In this study, we enrolled a Chinese family with myoclonus and/or epilepsy and intellectual disability. The epilepsy and myoclonic tremor were improved after deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) treatment. Whole exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were employed to explore the genetic variations of the family.

Results: Subsequent to data filtering, we identified a recurrent pathogenic mutation (NM_001243564.1, c.113G>A/p.R38H) in the DHDDS gene in the proband. Sanger sequencing further validated that the presence of the mutation in his affected mother but absent in the health family members. Further bioinformatics analysis revealed that this mutation (p.R38H), located in an evolutionarily conserved region of DHDDS, was predicted to be deleterious.

Discussion: In this report, we present the first case of intractable epilepsy and/or myoclonus caused by p.R38H mutation of the DHDDS gene in the Chinese population. Furthermore, this study represents the third report of autosomal dominant familial inheritance of DHDDS mutation worldwide.
Involvement of palms and soles in patients with autoimmune bullous diseases: a comparative analysis of a diagnostically relevant localization
Authors: Jałowska Magdalena , Spałek Maciej , Bowszyc-Dmochowska Monika , Gornowicz- Porowska Justyna , Dmochowski Marian
Published: October 2023

Introduction

The involvement of palms and soles is variable among disease entities belonging to autoimmune bullous diseases (AIBD). We present our own clinical-laboratory experience concerning presentations of skin lesions on palms and soles in the pemphigus diseases group, pemphigoid diseases group, epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA), and lichen planus pemphigoides (LPP) and discuss the pertinent literature.

Methods

Lesions on palms and soles were assessed retrospectively on the basis of just photographic archives from the beginning of 2014 to March 2023. We comparatively evaluated 462 Slavic patients with AIBD.

Results

Palmoplantar involvement was observed in only 21 patients with AIBD (12 females and 9 males). There was no statistically significant difference between palmoplantar involvement in the pemphigus diseases group compared to the pemphigoid diseases group and no statistically significant difference between the pemphigus diseases group compared to the subepithelial AIBD.

Discussion

Nevertheless, particularly in LPP and EBA, and occasionally in pemphigus diseases and pemphigoid diseases groups of AIBD, localization on palms and soles may be diagnostically important at the clinical level.