bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emission Trading Scheme and the Effect of Carbon Fee on Petroleum Refineries
Authors: Orugba Henry O. , Ogbeide Samuel E , Osagie Christian
Published: December 2019

The high volume of green house gases released from petroleum refineries has contributed greatly to global warming. The crude distillation unit of a refinery being an energy-intensive unit generates high volume of greenhouse gases. Unlike solid and liquid pollutants that can easily be handled and treated, gaseous pollutants are difficult to handle once they are generated, hence an effective means of reducing their generation is paramount.Â  Because of the cost penalty placed on defaulters, emission trading scheme has been an effective way of controlling the release of these obnoxious gases into the environment as refiners would seek alternative processing schemes that reduce emissions. The crude distillation unit of the refinery under study was simulated in Aspen Hysys. The unit was designed to process 125,000bpsd of a blend of three Nigerian crudes. Greenhouse gases from the unit were targeted from direct (heating sources) and indirect (electricity usage) respectively. The concept of global warming potential was adopted to estimate the carbon (iv) oxide equivalent of the greenhouse gases from the unit. A methodology to allocate emission quota to a refinery was developed and a carbon fee of $5 per tonne was placed for above- limit emissions. The crude distillation unit was found to have a base generation of 491576.27tonne/yr of carbon (iv) oxide equivalent while it pays $491,576.25per year for above-limit emission. The sensitivity analysis revealed that the gross profit is quite sensitive to carbon fee.Â Â
Taguchi Optimization of Carboxymethylation Process and Effect Reaction Efficiency on Swelling Capacity
Authors: Agwamba Ernest C. , Hassan Lawal G. , Muhammad Achor , Sokoto Abdullahi M.
Published: December 2019

The aim of this research paper was to ascertain the optimum conditions required to economical synthesis carboxymethylated starch using experimental design technique by Taguchi for Larger-is-better and smaller-is better of reaction efficiency (RE). Orthogonal Array method was utilized in the design of the experiment which consisted of eighteen (18) runs based on three (3) independent Factors which are; Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with three concentration levels (1, 1.5, and 2.0M), Sodium monochloroacetate (SMCA) with three concentration levels (1, 1.5, and 2.0M) and Reaction Time (T) with two (2) levels (2 and 4 hours) respectively and the response is reaction efficiency (R.E). The result obtained from the experiment was interpreted using the Taguchi method of larger-is-better and smaller-is-better was apply to estimate the Response for Signal-to-Noise Ratios. The analysis showed that for larger-is-better, the optimal condition to obtain high reaction efficiency (R.E.) of 9.97%, will require NaOH at 2.0 M, SMCA at 1.0 M, at reaction period of, while for smaller-is-better, the optimal condition to obtain low reaction efficiency (RE) of 1.93 %, will required the concentration of NaOH (aq) and SMCA (aq) to be 1.5 M and 1.5 M with a reaction period (T) of 4 hours respectively. The result was also study the influence of variable SMCA (aq) and NaOH (aq) concentrations on swelling capacity (SC) at reaction time of 2 hours. The result shows that 2M NaOH is the optimum concentration for carboxymethyl starch (CMS) synthesis. .Significant difference was ascertained using Tukey method, and at 95% Confidence level.
Assessment of Urban Growth Patterns using Spatio-temporal Data and Analysis
Authors: Bakhit Said Masoud , Abdelkader Sbai
Published: December 2019

Modeling urban growth trends has become one of the critical issues in the last decades. This study aims to evaluate spatio-temporal urban growth trends using spatial modeling. For this purpose, four land-use maps were used to visualize historical urban growth trends in Seremban, Malaysia. Land Change Modeller (LCM) was used to evaluate the spatial trend of Land-use and land-cover (LULC) in Seremban. The results of the study confirm that urban areas in Seremban hugely increased from 1984 to 2010. The main reasons to increase urban areas are that economic and population growth in Malaysia in general and Seremban in particular. This study confirms that the LCM model is one of the effective spatial techniques that should be taken into account in urban planning studies.
Identification of Bacteria and Fungi Contamination of Some Classrooms at Srinakharinwirot University, Ongkharak Campus
Authors: Buppan Pattakorn , Sommatas Apisara , Nakprasom Pareena , Noicharoen Natawan , Sangsuvan Dollava
Published: December 2019

The air quality of air inside the classroom is an important factor effect to health of people. The objective of the study was to estimation the air quality and identification of bacteria and fungi contamination in the air inside the classroom at Srinakharinwirot University Ongkharak Campus. The open plate technique was used to collect samples in the morning at 8.30 a.m. (before students enter to the classroom) and in the afternoon at 4.30 p.m. (after students left the classroom) between November 2018 to April 2019. The result showed that the average amounts of bacteria and fungi were 67.60 to 352.50 and 69.60 to 370.80 CFU/dm2/h, respectively. The evaluations of the index of microbial air contamination (IMA) were fair to very poor. However, the concentrations of airborne bacteria and fungi were not higher than the proposed air quality index. Therefore, the air quality of classrooms had a good hygienic standard. The most isolated bacteria were Enterobacter spp., Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp., Bacillus spp., and Pseudomonas spp. and fungi were found to include Cladosporium spp., Aspergillus spp., Penicillium citrinum and Neurospora crassa. So, the air quality of air inside classroom control management is appropriate to be used to reduce bacteria and fungi contamination in the classroom.Â
Corporate Social Responsibility: An Islamic Approach
Authors: NuhanoviÄ‡ Amra , DeliÄ‡ Adisa
Published: December 2019

Social responsibility has become increasingly important in recent times. The term â€œcorporate social responsibilityâ€ (CSR) is also found in the literature, treated by the Islamic economy and finance. Islamic CSR is based on the principles of Shariah. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to study CSR approaches of Islamic and Conventional Economics. Financial institutions, corporations and enterprises need much more to do CSR practices, to promote CSR that underpinned under the principles of Shariah. The main goal of the paper is to analyse and explore the theoretical and practical aspects of social responsibility from the aspect of Islamic economy and finance. The conducted research showed that there is no significant deviation of the principles of Islamic economy and finances versus the traditional principles of social responsibility. The only difference is that the principles of Islamic economy and finances include a higher degree of application of ethical principles, which should result in moral and ethical economic development of society.
The Effect of Financial Ratio, EVA and Exchange Rate on Stock Return in Fishery Subsector
Authors: Reza A Andhi , Daryanto Heny K , Sasongko Hendro
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study is to find the relationship between financial ratio and EVA with fishery subsector stock return in Indonesia. The finacial ratio used in this study areÂ  Current Ratio, Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), and Return on Equity (ROE) who are represent liquidity, solvency, and companies profitability. Other factor that has to be measured is Economic Value Added (EVA). EVA has been used for years to measure companies performance, however there are a lot of diferent result among researcher around the world about EVA as the best finacial peformance indicator for companies and can affect companies stock return. One of the macroeconomic factor that expected to have significant effect on stock return is exchange rate. The activity of fishery industries are circle around export and import, therefore exchange rate are expected to be the macroeconmic factor that could affect stock return. The result of this research shown that there are no significant relationship between finacial ratio, EVA, and exchange rate with stock return in fishery subsector.
Determinants of Online Sellers Intention in to Apply Micro Credit
Authors: Karambut Fermico , Hartoyo Hartoyo , Nurmalina Rita , Najib Mukhamad
Published: December 2019

The contribution of MSMEs to Indonesia's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) reached 61.41%, but only about 8% of MSME players have used e-commerce. One of the government policies to encourage MSMEs going online is to facilitate access to have microcredit (KUR) which has tailored to the e-commerce business model. This study aimed to look at the relationship of demography and characteristics of online business with the intention of to apply microcredit since the location and type of business of MSMEs are mostly not fixed. The data were obtained by online survey to the respondents selected by convenience sampling. This study used descriptive analysis and cross tabulation analysis of 235 respondents who are registered as members of the Indonesian Online Sellers Association. The results of the study showed that only the types of online business and other sources of income were significantly related to the intention in to apply for microcredit. Credit lending through media e-marketplaces could identify proper financing for the type of business for MSMEs. Further research by utilizing e-marketplace merchant database will provide a better description of MSME models for the intention in to apply microcredit.
Strategic Staffing and Motivation in the Nigerian Civil Service (Kaduna State as a Case Study)
Authors: A. Olaniyan Timothy , J. Olaniyan Enoch , J. Ayangbekun Oluwafemi
Published: December 2019

The study "strategic staffing study of Kaduna state civil commission both by academic and service commission continue to be well-research topic both by academic and commercial firms. The aim of strategic staffing and motivation is to have well motivated employee as well as having managers with the possibility to motivate others. The focus is on the factors managers use to motivate employees and differences regarding gender and age. The purpose with the study is to provide a better understanding of the employee motivation issues in Kaduna state government, with emphasis on the five selected ministries in Kaduna state, Nigeria. i.e. Ministry of Environmental and Natural Resources, Education, Town Planning, water Resources and Youth and Sports. The findings show that motivation in its various forms has a direct impact on the performance Of employees. Today employees are more motivated by intrinsic factors rather than extrinsic which dominated in the past, but none of the two can be overlooked by managers when motivating their employees, It is recommended that both internal and external motivational factors should be explored by managers while managers themselves should be performance driven, an attribute which is a motivational factor in itself. Survey method was used in the research and simple percentages were also used in the interpretation of the data analysis.Â
Leadership in Self-organized Systems: Squaring the Circle or a New Kind of Responsibility?
Authors: Minnig Christoph , Zaengl Peter
Published: December 2019

Current changes in society, in particular globalization, demographic trends, and changes in the labour market, have far-reaching implications for how we live and work together. Common social problems, for instance, are becoming more complex and new problematic situations continually arise. With cuts in the social sector and increasing demands for efficiency and effectiveness, overall conditions are becoming worse. Faced with these developments, social security systems are increasingly pushed to the limit and are forced to redefine their areas of responsibility. In addition, we must take account the issue of crowding-out processes in the social sphere. Large, mostly internationally operating enterprises for example are increasingly receiving performance contracts from governments in the areas of elderly care or immigrant services. It is also apparent that social service organizations are overloaded and that their established structures and historically evolved market positions are eroding. In the current discussion, we have to find answers to at least two questions within the context of developing organizations:1.Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  How should we build organizations so that they are able to withstand or handle these challenges?2.Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â  How can we define the role of leadership in these organizations?First, we will discuss the concept of responsibility. We will then describe the different challenges that organizations face, particularly in the social sector. Based on Frederic Lalouxâ€™s (2014) model of â€œEvolutionary Organizations,â€ we will present a critical discussion of the possibilities for responsible leadership that are available to organizations in the social sector.
Evaluation of the Development Framework Jasonette
Authors: Schmitt Nicolas , Wesemeyer Tim , Kissel Marcel , Horvat Dennis , Wuenschel Marco , Sattel Michael , Lehmann Yves , Herbstreith Axel , GrÃ¶schel Michael
Published: December 2019

In this paper we evaluate the development framework Jasonette which is based on JSON. The evaluation was carried out by means of a prototype of an app informing prospective students about the study program Enterprise Computing at the Mannheim University of Applied Sciences. We defined a set of criteria that we cross checked during and after the implementation of the app.
Multithread Affinity Scheduling Using a Decision Maker
Authors: Jawad Shatha K. , Uhlig Ronald P. , Sinha Bhaskar , Amin Mohammad N. , Dey Pradip Peter
Published: December 2019

In a multiprocessor-multithread Operating System (OS), scheduling has two dimensions. The operating system has to decide which thread to run and which Central Processing Unit (CPU) to run it on. Assume the threads are independent and each thread has a priority, the operating system selects a thread with the highest priority and assigns it to the first free CPU. Usually, each CPU has its private cache. To increase the throughput of the system, it is preferred to use affinity scheduling. The affinity scheduling concept is to make an effort to have a thread run on the same CPU it ran on the last time. The existing affinity scheduling is implemented by using a two-level scheduling algorithm. In this paper a new approach is designed to implement independent multithread scheduling on a multiprocessor system. The design approach uses a decision maker to compute a new priority for each ready thread according to the thread pre-priority and affinity. The results show that by using the new priority, the goal of having affinity is satisfied in addition to taking the pre-priority of the thread in consideration. Also, the design approach reduces the scheduling time because it implements affinity scheduling and priority scheduling by employing a one level scheduling algorithm.
Rationing the Pressurized Air-Vessel Volume for Water Hammer Protection in Water Pipe Systems
Authors: El-Dabaa Ahmed , Khorais Osama
Published: December 2019

Air vessel is one of the efficient devices for controlling and protecting the piping system against transient problems as water hammer phenomenon. Old studies illustrated the air vessel importance and its working methodology. In order to maximize the performance and minimize the hazardous problems of such system, protection devices (such as air vessel) cost is one of the considerations in the design process. Therefore, its characteristics are highly important for efficient operation with less expensive safety system. This research paper presents a numerical modelling work to investigate the effect of the Air Vessel parameters, such as (1) dimensions (diameter, D, height, H), (2) the connection equivalent resistance, hlc, between the vessel and the main pipeline and (3) initial state parameter (initial air volume, Vai). Those parameters affects the vessel total volume (Vt) and operation as well as the safety system. A pump station is simulated as a case study using Wanda model. The results showed that the specifications change in vessel height, H, connection equivalent resistance, hlc, with main pipe and initial air volume, Vai, have a great impact on the system protection against transient problems when using the air vessel.
Adopting a Preparatory Strategy to Respond to Water Security Issues Arising from Geo-Hazards
Authors: McBean Ed , Yang Aili , Cheng Huiyan , Wu YiCheng , Liu Zheng , Dai ZhiNeng , Fu Haiyan , Bhatti Munir
Published: December 2019

â€˜Geo-hazardsâ€™ is a collective term to describe hazards causing huge problems with human settlements, where the hazards are many and varied, including earthquakes, floods, windstorms, and drought, all of which are intensifying over time in large part due to climate change and population growth.Â  In particular, issues of availability of â€˜safeâ€™ water are major disruptive elements frequently causing widespread incidence of diarrheal diseases both during and post, geo-hazard events. In response, arguments are described which demonstrate ceramic water filters (CWFs) have credible potential to effectively remove E.-coli (and, by similar attribute characterization), are effective in the removal of cholera. Field experience in terms of removal have been demonstrated as 94.7% removal of E-coli and all users in some applications have expressed interest in continuing use of ceramic filters beyond the trial period. Arguments are put forth, for CWFs as a Point-of-Use (POU) technology by which they can be stored and rapidly disseminated given occurrence of geo-hazards, thereby providing the opportunity to respond quickly. CWFs can be effectively stored without deterioration, are inexpensive, and easy to train recipients for their post-geo-hazard occurrence.
Computational Investigation of Aerodynamic Characteristics for Elliptic UAVsâ€™ Wing
Authors: Attiah Amaal , Elbadawy Ibrahim , Mahmoud Osama E.
Published: December 2019

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, UAVs, gained an important role in modern military and civilian applications. Developments in UAVs technology improve its performance and maneuverability with acceptable cost. Elliptic airfoil had been widely used in the development of Rotor/Wing subsonic aircraft. The present work aims to investigate the effect of various elliptic airfoil parameters, such as Reynolds number, angle of attack and airfoil thickness, on aerodynamic behavior using two-dimensional computational study. The computational results were validated by experimental results. Angles of attack was evaluated from 0Â° to 18Â° in order to analyze aerodynamic characteristics up to stall condition, while Reynolds number was evaluated at values of 1Ã—10âµ, 3Ã—105, 2Ã—106, and 8Ã—106, to cover the range of rotary and fixed wing flight conditions. Thickness ratio was ranged from 5% to 25% to include the UAVs airfoil thicknesses so that choice best thickness gets max lift to drag ratio. In addition, the thicknesses location was evaluated for a range of 30% to 70% to get suitable location gets max left to drag ratio. The ANSYS-Fluent software was used with Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model, and found that the maximum lift to drag ratio which improve the UAV capability in this study is at Re=2Ã—106, angle of attack at 8Â°, max thickness ratio of (0.1chord) located at (0.3chord).
IT UAF CLOUD: A Trusted Storage Architecture for Cloud Computing
Authors: Shahzadi Hafiza Mahrukh , Riaz Shazia
Published: December 2019

The issue for the understudies and clients to where they need to situate to their records and critical stuff. In this way we attempt to determine this issue by building up an Online Cloud known "It Uaf Cloudâ€. When we say cloud, we have to comprehend that word 'cloud' is a similitude for Internet and along these lines it just means a type of web-based registering. It depends on the model of shared registering assets rather than neighborhood servers, stockpiling gadgets that are utilized to deal with client applications. Cloud accordingly tackle more than what customary methods for registering could accomplish without requiring physical server and capacity frameworks at the area you are in. It has a colossal potential and offer extraordinary preferences clients. Cloud frameworks in a general sense give access to extensive pools of information and computational assets through an assortment of interfaces comparative in soul to existing lattice and HPC asset administration and programming frameworks. These kinds of frameworks offer another programming focus for versatile application engineers and have picked up prevalence in the course of recent years. Nonetheless, most distributed computing frameworks in task today are exclusive, depend upon foundation that is imperceptible to the examination network, or are not unequivocally intended to be instrumented and changed by frameworks specialists. Cloud suppliers hypothetically offer their clients boundless assets for their applications on an on-request premise. In any case, versatility isn't just controlled by the accessible assets, yet in addition by how the control and information stream of the application or administration is outlined and actualized.
Package Design Optimization with Reliability Test Verification for Reduction of Voids and Delamination
Authors: Gomez Frederick Ray I. , Seguido Rammil A.
Published: December 2019

Package down-scaling or miniaturization has become the trend in semiconductor industry, with smaller and thinner package being the prime objective.Â  Stacked dice process in semiconductor packages is now also becoming popular as semiconductor industries try to come up with products that offer multiple channels in a small IC (integrated circuit) package.Â  However, as different dice are brought together, several challenges have to be overcome in terms of package design and assembly.This technical paper specifically considers the challenges encountered in the development of a compact and thinner package that incorporates multiple or stacked dice in one.Â  For the case of this paper, Die1 is smaller than Die2 and must be the first one to be die bonded, making the internal construction an unbalanced stacked dice.Â  Normally, stacked dice is in pyramid layout, wherein a single large die supports smaller top die.Â  Nevertheless, success is measured when there is a solution to control die attach voids and eliminate or significantly minimize delamination for unbalanced stacked dice as mentioned.Â  Ultimately, the paper presents the understanding of the factors involved and the package design optimization approach used to produce a successful unbalanced stacked die in a thin package using thin substrate.
Development Strategies of Autonomous Vehicles in Taiwan
Authors: Chou Huey-Wen , Chao Chien-Hung
Published: December 2019

Autonomous vehicles can reduce traffic accidents, traffic congestion and parking demand and hence have great potential to become a major transportation mode in the near future. The potential market for autonomous vehicles is huge. Therefore, it is a necessity to develop strategies so as to outperform in this highly competitive world market. This research employs SWOT method to generate 14 criteria for the development of autonomous vehicles. Then, a decision-making method called â€œDecision Making and Trial Evaluation Laboratory-based Analytic Network Processâ€ (DANP) is used to prioritize these criteria. Results show that two criteria that are strengthsâ€“Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and complete supply chain of Information and Communication Technology (ICT ) â€“ should be treated with priority and another criterion â€“ lack of own auto-brand and first-tier supplier â€“ is not the focus. The result is fully coincident with the real situation of industrial development in Taiwan and can be a good reference for Taiwanâ€™s government.
On a New Modification of Homotopy Analysis Method for Solving Nonlinear Nonhomogeneous Differential Equations
Authors: Huseen Shaheed N. , Mkharrib Haider A.
Published: December 2019

In this paper, new powerful modification of homotopy analysis technique (NMHAM) was submitted to create an approximate solution of nonhomogeneous nonlinear ordinary and partial differential equations. The NMHAM is a combination of the new technique of homotopy analysis method(NHAM) [4] and the new technique of homotopy analysis method(nHAM) [7].Three illustrative examples are employed to illustrate the accuracy and computational proficiency of this approach. The outcomes uncover that the NMHAM is more accurate than the NHAM and nHAM.
Regularization Method for Nonlinear Singularly Perturbed Systems of Fractional Order
Authors: Kalimbetov Burkhan , Turgunbaev Riskeldy
Published: December 2019

The paper is devoted to construction of an asymptotic solution of a weakly nonlinear singularly perturbed differential system of fractional order. To construct the asymptotic solution we use ideas of normal differential forms method of V.F. Safonov. In the environment of the computer mathematical system Maple, approximate solutions are calculated, and corresponding solution schedules for various values of a small parameter are constructed.
Scalar Singularly Perturbed Cauchy Problem for a Differential Equation of Fractional Order
Authors: Kalimbetov Burkhan
Published: December 2019

In this paper we consider initial problem for an ordinary differential equation of fractional order with a small parameter for the derivative. S.A. Lomov regularization method is used to construct an asymptotic approximate solution of the problem with accuracy up to any power of a small parameter. Using the computer mathematics system (CMS) Maple, a symbolic solution of the original problem is obtained, and solution schedules are constructed, depending on the initial data and various values of the small parameter. It is shown that the asymptotic solution presented in the form of a specific convergent series and the solution represented by the CMS Maple coincides with the exact solution of the original problem.Â
Young Peopleâ€™s Political Participation in Malaysia During the 1998 Reformasi Era
Authors: Mohd Hed Norhafiza
Published: December 2019

This article examines the dynamics of young peopleâ€™s political participation in Malaysia during the 1998 Reformasi era by focusing its analyses on the patterns of participation and the impacts of the 1998 Reformasi and the 1999 general election on young peopleâ€™s political engagement.Â  By using content analysis of secondary data, the findings show that the 1998 Reformasi marked as a turning point that changed political engagement of young people from politically indifferent or disconnected generation to politically engaged citizens, whether in the forms of conventional politics (i.e. voting) or unconventional politics (i.e. protest activism and social movements) whilst failed to replace the existing ruling regime.Â  This change was closely related to the regional trend, socioeconomic factors and the new media.
Ibn Sinaâ€™s Role in Scientific Discoveries
Authors: Wishah Ghassan
Published: December 2019

Ibn Sina is one of the greatest human history scholars as he left an indelible and appreciated mark in human evolution journey towards civilization. Ibn Sina has deepened in many science fields such as Medicine, Astronomy, Mathematics, Philosophy and psychology and classified hundreds of books in different sciences as well. Itâ€™s also worth mentioning that many Western European scientistsÂ  have admitted Ibn Sinaâ€™s great efforts andÂ  major influence in finding many modern scientific theories.Â
Healthcare Financing in Nigeria: The Analysis of the Inequity Perspective
Authors: Lawanson Akanni Olayinka , Opeloyeru Sekinat Olaide
Published: December 2019

The volume and quality of healthcare needs vary from one individual to another but promoting access to the use of healthcare is germane to reduce/eliminate inequity in healthcare. This paper examines the extent of equity in healthcare financing in Nigeria, and determine the relative progressivity of each source of healthcare financing in the country using waves 2 and 3 of the General Household Survey. Kakwani and Modified Kakwani (MDK) indexes were used to estimate progressivity of out of pocket payment (OOP) and social health insurance. Overall result indicates a vertical inequity favouring the non-poor (pro-rich), OOP as a source of financing was regressive and social health insurance was moderately progressive. Given that a more progressive healthcare financing approach tends to promote welfare and improve health status of the population, Nigeria will be better off promoting health insurance as a means of eliminating inequity in healthcare financing.
Multimodality Imaging for Radiosurgical Management of Arteriovenous Malformations
Authors: Dincoglan Ferrat , Sager Omer , Demiral Seluck , Beyzadeoglu Murat
Published: December 2019

Background: Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are rarely seen congenital vascular anomalies. AVMs may lead to intracranial hemorrages due to disorganized tangle of vessels. Lifetime risk of bleeding from AVMs may be significant given the diagnosis at typically earlier ages of the lifespan, and complications associated with hemorrhage may lead to substantial morbidity or mortality. Management of AVMs aims at eliminating or reducing the risk of subsequent bleeding. In this context, microvascular surgical resection, endovascular embolization and radiosurgical treatment may be used for management of AVMs.Objective: In this study, we assessed the incorporation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in treatment planning for AVM radiosurgery.Â Methods: We identified 25 patients receiving radiosurgery for AVMs at our institution. Radiosurgery target volumes generated by using CT-only based imaging and CT-MR fusion based imaging for each patient were evaluated.Results: Twenty five patients undergoing SRS for AVMs were evaluated for target volume determination in this study. Mean target volume was 4.9 cc (range: 1.3-15.9 cc) on CT-only imaging, 5.7 cc (range: 1.4-16.7 cc) on CT-MR fusion based imaging, and 5.9 cc (range: 1.4-16.9 cc) on consensus decision of all treating physicians with colleague peer review. Target definition based on CT-MR fusion based imaging was identical to the consensus decision of all treating physicians in majority of patients.Conclusions: Treatment planning for AVM radiosurgery may be improved by incorporating CT-MR fusion based imaging, which clearly should be supplemented with additional data from angiography. There is need for additional studies to establish a consensus on optimal target definition by multimodality imaging for SRS of AVMs.
Anesthetic Management of 70 Year Old Woman with Cor triatriatum Sinister
Authors: Yang Yun Ho , Kim Nam Yung , Kim Sejin , Kim Minsoo , Kang Seongsik
Published: December 2019

A 70 year old woman with no specific underlying disease was referred to the department of surgery of our hospital to have low anterior resection surgery for rectal cancer. Preoperative transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) revealed perforated fibromuscular septum which divides the left atrium into two chambers. Patients with Cor Triatriatum (CT) can show a clinical feature of mitral stenosis (MS) or tricuspid stenosis (TS) according to the degree of intra atrial membrane fenestration. Therefore careful anesthetic management is needed when we deal with this patients who undergo general anesthesia. Our patient was tolerable throughout the general anesthesia with propofol, volatile agent and opioid. The surgery was done without any hemodynamic event. And there was no postoperative complications.
O retorno no imaginario da cidade de Ibarra / The return in the imaginary of the Ibarra city (Ecuador)
Authors: Orbes Gabriela Ruales
Published: December 2019

A cidade de Ibarra no Equador sofreu uma grande catástrofe em 1868, quando um terremoto a devastou por completo. O evento obrigou os habitantes que sobreviveram a fugirem e se estabelecerem aos pés do vulcão Imbabura. Foram necessários 4 anos para a reconstrução de parte da cidade, em especial os dos prédios públicos e vias principais, o que promoveu “O Retorno” dos habitantes a Ibarra. Através de algumas representações simbólicas — tanto na história escrita, como em vestígios arquitetônicos, em monumentos e nas festas populares —, o presente trabalho busca identificar como “O Retorno” dos moradores ainda é presente e reproduzido no imaginário da cidade Ibarra. Identifica-se O Retorno presente no imaginário, porém, ainda existem alguns diferencias entre os vestígios antigos, em comparação as representações mais atuais. As ruinas da antiga igreja, os materiais que foram utilizados na reconstrução dos prédios públicos ou algumas das casas que ficaram em pé após a catástrofe, foram deixadas para trás. Sendo mais valorizadosos elementos simbólicos após o evento, como representações plásticas, quadros, monumentos e murais contemporâneos. Marcando assim, uma maior importância ao fato de voltar e reconstruir a cidade, do que uma nostalgia da cidade antiga.
Degradação arquitetônica e a morfologia do Bairro da Campina no centro histórico de Belém (Pará, Brasil) | Architectonic degradation and the morphology of Campina Neighbourhood in the historic center of Belém (Pará, Brazil)
Authors: Morhy Samia Saady , Lima José Júlio Ferreira
Published: December 2019

O artigo parte do registro da localização e caracterização de imóveis com degradação arquitetônica no bairro da Campina, Centro Histórico de Belém, para análise das relações entre sua morfologia e as condições socioeconômicas responsáveis pelo processo de degradação do bairro. Busca associar aspectos da socioeconomia da área, seu histórico de ocupação, alterações nas atividades comerciais ligadas às classes populares com as condições morfológicas. A metodologia consiste no cadastramento e análise da degradação de imóveis e suas localizações quanto à acessibilidade, conforme a teoria da Sintaxe Espacial. Observa-se prevalência de imóveis degradados com estacionamentos para veículos e depósitos para mercadorias de ambulantes. A inteligibilidade da morfologia do bairro é devida à acessibilidade e a atratores, como a Feira do Ver-o-Peso, bancos e instituições. Resultados demonstram um ciclo de degradação com duas dinâmicas articuladas ligadas a fatores socioeconômicos, uma resultante da demanda por estacionamentos para veículos e depósitos para mercadorias de ambulantes espacialmente distribuídas em função dos níveis de acessibilidade veicular e outra pela distribuição de ambulantes nas ruas do bairro. Longe de uma visão determinista, o artigo conclui que as relações entre morfologia urbana e localização de imóveis degradadas constituem fenômeno que necessita ser incluído em análises de políticas urbanas associadas com políticas de preservação do patrimônio edificado.
Inequality in Egypt: Age-adjusted Gini coefficient
Authors: ELHİNİ Maha
Published: December 2019

Egypt’s current ‘youth bulge’ constitutes the majority
of its population, which implies that growth in the working-age population is
faster than the overall population growth rate. With a fast-growing young
population in Egypt, it is important to understand whether this demographic
composition has an impact on the current inequality measures, since an
individual’s stage in life deems detrimental for understanding his or her
wealth holdings. In this light, this paper departs from the basic life-cycle
impact on wealth inequality measures, and alternatively proposes an empirical
method to adjust for age-effects in cross-sectional inequality for Egypt. The
resulting Age-adjusted Gini coefficient (AG), eliminates wealth inequality that is attributed
to age, yet it perpetuates inequality arising from other wealth-generating
factors. By using wealth equalising measures, results of the Age-adjusted Gini
coefficient show that age and household characteristics have no impact on
wealth accumulation in Egypt, however, wealth is greatly influenced by
increasing levels of education, making way for possible movement up the
mobility scale.
Yabancı dil öğrenim stratejileri ile öz yeterlik algıları arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi
Authors: TUNCER Murat , ULUĞ Hikmet
Published: December 2019

Bu araştırmada yabancı dil öğrenim stratejileri ve öz
yeterlik algıları arasındaki ilişkiler ve bunların çeşitli bağımsız değişkenler
açısından incelenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Araştırma ilişkisel tarama yöntemine göre
yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın örneklemini Türkiye’de Kırıkkale, Bayburt ve Gazi
üniversitelerinde yabancı dil alanında öğrenim gören öğrenciler
oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak İngilizce Öz Yeterlik Ölçeği ve Dil Öğrenimi
Strateji Envanterinden yararlanılmıştır. Verilerinin değerlendirilmesinde
bağımsız gruplar t testi, tek yönlü varyans analizi, etki büyüklüğü, pearson
korelasyon analizi ve regresyon analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Araştırma
sonucunda yabancı dil öğrenim stratejileri ve öz yeterlik algıları arasında
pozitif yönde ve anlamlı düzeyde ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yabancı dil
öğreniminde öz yeterliği ve dil öğrenme stratejilerini etkileyen farklı
değişkenler üzerinde araştırmaların yapılmasına ihtiyaç vardır. Ayrıca
alanyazında yapılan çalışmaların çoğu öğrencilerle yapılmış olup yabancı dil
eğitmenleri ile benzer çalışmalar yapılabilir.
Investigation of Waves Generated in Transversely Isotropic Micropolar Generalized Thermoelastic Half Space Under Temperature Dependent Properties
Authors: Gupta R.R. , Gupta R.R.
Published: December 2019

The present study deals with the propagation of waves in a transversely isotropic micropolar generalized thermoelastic material possessing temperature dependent elastic properties. After developing the solution for LS, GL and CT theory, the phase velocities and attenuation quality factor have been obtained. The expressions for amplitudes of stresses, displacements, microratation and temperature distribution have been derived and computed numerically. The numerically evaluated results have been plotted graphically. Some particular cases of interest have also been obtained.
Mass Transport Through Interstitial Structures
Authors: Iwanowska-Chomiak B. , Walicka A.
Published: December 2019

Interstitial space, also called interstitum, separating the vital organs of a human body, is the primary source of lymph and is a major fluid compartment in the body.

Interstitial space (IS) is filled out by thick collagen (CL) bundles which form lattices represented by a network of capillaries. This network has the structure similar to a sponge porous matrix (SPM) with pores-capillaries of variable cross-section.

To analyse the mass transport of interstitial fluids (IFs) through the porous matrix it is assumed that the SPM is composed of an irregular system of pores which may be modelled as a fractal porous matrix. The interstitial fluids can be either bio-suspensions or bio-solutions and therefore they have to be modelled as non-Newtonian fluids. Analysing the fluid flow through the porous matrix it is assumed that the SPM is modelled as capillary tubes of variable radii. Introducing a hindrance factor allowed us to consider the porous matrix as a system of fractal capillaries but of constant radii.

Classical and fractal expressions for the flow rate, velocity and permeability are derived based on the physical properties of the capillary model of interstitial structures. Each parameter in the proposed expressions does not contain any empirical constant and has a clear physical meaning, and the proposed fractals models relate the flow properties of the fluids under consideration with the structural parameters of interstitium as a porous medium.
Electro-Hydrodynamic Convection in a Rotating Dielectric Micropolar Fluid Layer
Authors: Kaur H. , Verma G.N
Published: December 2019

Thermal convection of a rotating dielectric micropolar fluid layer under the action of an electric field and temperature gradient has been investigated. The dispersion relation has been derived using normal mode analysis. The effects of the electric Rayleigh number, micropolar viscosity, Taylor number and Prandtl number on stability and over stability criteria are discussed. It is found that rotation postpones the instability in the fluid layer, while the Prandtl number and rotation both have a stabilizing effect. It is also observed that the micropolar fluid additives have a stabilizing effect, whereas the electric field has a destabilizing effect on the onset of convection stability.
Nanofluid Motion Past a Shrinking Sheet in Porous Media Under the Impact of Radiation and Heat Source/Sink
Authors: Sharma R.P. , Jha A.K. , Gaur P.K. , Mishra S.R.
Published: December 2019

An investigation has been carried out for the MHD 3-dimensional flow of nanofluid over a shrinking sheet saturating a porous media in the presence of thermal radiation and heat generation. Convective boundary conditions for the flow phenomena are used in the present analysis. The governing equations are reduced to ODEs employing suitable similarity transformations. The solutions of formulated differential equations have been attained mathematically by fourth order R-K technique along with the shooting method. The impact of the governing constraints on momentum, heat, and local Nusselt number, are explored. It is noticed that the momentum and heat decrease with raise in the porosity variable, temperature reduces with an enhance in the thermal radiation variable, and temperature enhances with an enhance in the heat source/sink parameter.
Facile chemical strategy to synthesize Ag@polypyrrole microarrays and investigating its anisotropic effect on polymer conductivity
Authors: Idrees Sumra , Ahmad Zahoor , Akhtar Tashfeen , Choudhary Muhammad Aziz , Rafiq Muhammad Aftab , Mehmood Arshad
Published: December 2019

A facile chemical approach was developed to fabricate microarrays (MAs) of Ag@polypyrrole nanocables (NCs). The strategy involved crosslinking the NCs by tetraethoxy silane (TEOS) under continuous pulse sonication without using a substrate. The material was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) coupled with EDX, which revealed the longitudinal interconnections within the nanocables and creating unidirectional alignment in the form of MAs. FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy was employed to characterize the encapsulating polymer as polypyrrole (ppy) around Ag nanowires (NWs). The microarrays produced red shift in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of Ag NWs, and drastically improved the thermal stability and conductivity of encasing ppy. It has imparted anisotropic conductivity effect on ppy which resulted in sharp decrease in resistivity from 8.35 × 1010 Ω to 2.449 Ω, when NCs were isolated and crosslinked into MAs form, respectively. The drastic decrease in resistivity of ppy was due to the anisotropic effect produced by the MAs format of NWs.
MENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN CERITA DENGAN PENDEKATAN SHARED BOOK READING DI PAUD
Authors: Shaliha Siti , Salim Rose Mini Agoes , Hildayani Rini
Published: December 2019

Pendekatan membacakan buku cerita oleh guru akan membantu anak meningkatkan keterampilan kognitifnya dalam memahami cerita yang dibacakan sebelum memasuki tahapan pembaca mandiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara pendekatan shared book reading (SBR) dan pemahaman anak terhadap cerita. Penelitian ini menggunakan within subject designdengan melakukan kontrol kondisi untuk membandingkan skor pemahaman anak terhadap cerita pada masing-masing kondisi yang diberikan. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah 4 orang guru dan 21 orang anak (rentang usia 4-5 tahun) di Satuan PAUD Sejenis (SPS). Data kuantitatif yang diperoleh mengenai pemahaman anak terhadap cerita dianalisa menggunakan uji sign test. Penelitian ini juga memberikan pelatihan pada guru serta melakukan pengukuran terhadap keterampilan guru. Pengukuran pemahaman anak terhadap cerita dan keterampilan guru dalam menggunakan pendekatan saat membacakan buku cerita dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali pada tahap pre-test,post test 1dan post test 2, untuk melihat peningkatan yang terjadi setelah pemberian intervensi.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan skor pemahaman anak terhadap cerita saat guru membacakan cerita dengan pendekatan SBR dengan nilai probabilitas lebih kecil dari 0.05, yaitu 0.01. Hasil tersebut berbanding lurus dengan peningkatan skor keterampilan yang diperoleh guru setelah diberikan pelatihan pendekatan SBR yang ditampilkan di dalam grafik.
EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM ‘LAMPU LALU LINTAS MAKANKU’ TERHADAP KONTROL DIRI PADA ANAK OBESITAS
Authors: Syahroel Nabila Syafira Audi , Salim Rose Mini Agoes , Widyasari Pratiwi
Published: December 2019

Dalam Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2013 di Indonesia, permasalahan gizi pada anak salah satunya adalah angka obesitas yang masih tinggi. Angka kejadian obesitas ini secara global akan meningkat dengan prediksi mencapai 9,1% atau sebanyak 60 juta anak pada tahun 2020. Obesitas tidak hanya merugikan secara fisik tetapi juga secara psikologis. Permasalahan psikologis yang dialami oleh anak-anak obesitas adalah body image discontent atau ketidakpuasan anak terhadap bentuk tubuhnya. Hal ini dapat terjadi sejak usia dini dikarenakan perlakuan bully dari pihak keluarga ataupun teman mengenai bentuk tubuhnya. Salah satu faktor yang berperan dalam kejadian obesitas adalah minimnya kontrol diri terkait perilaku makan. Perilaku makan yang dimaksud adalah mengonsumsi makanan yang tidak sehat (tinggi kalori) atau mengonsumsi makan dalam jumlah yang berlebihan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memperbaiki kemampuan kontrol diri terkait perilaku makan pada anak obesitas usia 6 – 8 tahun. Teknik yang digunakan adalah dengan menggunakan metode penggolongan makanan (berdasarkan jenis, porsi, dan frekuensi) mengikuti aturan warna lampu lalu lintas yang disebut dengan ‘Lampu Lalu Lintas Makanku’. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain before-after experimentaldan dianggap dapat memperbaiki kontrol diri terkait perilaku makan pada anak obesitas usia 6 – 8 tahun dinilai dari perbaikan skor pre test dan post test partisipan.
EFEKTIVITAS TEKNIK ANTESCEDENT CONTROL DAN DIFFERENTIAL REINFORCEMENT OF ALTERNATIVE BEHAVIOR UNTUK MENURUNKAN FREKUENSI PICA
Authors: Stephanie Gracia , Djuwita Efriyani
Published: December 2019

Pica merupakan gangguan yang berbahaya karena membawa dampak negatif dan membutuhkan intervensi khsusus. Pica lebih sering terjadi pada individu dengan keberfungsian yang rendah dan individu dengan diagnosis autism. Meskipun telah banyak penelitian tentang pica, tetapi masih sedikit penelitian yang menguji efektivitas intervensi pada setting alami partisipan. Penurunan frekuensi pica dapat ditangani dengan teknik differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) danantescendent control, dengan perilaku alternative membuang objek non-food ke tempat sampah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji efektivitas teknik DRA danantescedent control dalam mengurangi frekuensi pica pada anak dengan autism with accompanying intellectual and language impairment (no intelligible speech).Metode penelitian menggunakan single case A-B-A-B reversal design, dengan partisipan anak laki-laki berusia 11 tahun dengan autism yang masih sering memasukkan objek non- food ke dalam mulut. Penelitian dilakukan dalam 44 sesi, termasuk post-test yang masing-masing terdiri dari 5 trial. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa teknik DRA dan antescendent control efektif menurunkan frekuensi pica menjadi 0 perilaku/menit dan meningkatkan frekuensi perilaku membuang objek non-foodsebesar 80%.