bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Conceptual approaches regarding the reorganization of territorial administrative units in the Republic of Moldova
Authors: Slusarenco Svetlana
Published: December 2023

The administrative-territorial transformations are determined by the demographic decline, the cause being massive emigration or migration within the state, by the precarious state of the infrastructure and the economy of the respective localities. The small number of population per UAT limits the financial resources and consequently the institutional and administrative capacity of the LPA to fulfill its responsibilities. In the conditions created, considering the fact that some of the rural localities have been left without inhabitants or have a very small number of inhabitants, the idea of amalgamating the administrative-territorial units was launched. The structural reform in the form of the merger of local authorities will change the map of local administration. This reform, which is initially to be voluntary, amalgamates two or more local authorities into a new political and economic organizational entity.
Analysis and criminological variables of the etiology of personality and victims of violent criminality in family
Authors: Mizdran Mihaita , Marit Alexandru
Published: December 2023

Therefore, in the following, we will explain the notions and correlative elements of committing the acts of murder on the husband, wife or a close relative, namely: the deed and the perpetrator (murder, homicide); the specific element of the crime in the family environment (kinship); neologisms used for the scientific expression of the phrase “murder committed against a spouse or a relative”, from which we list: paricidal, filicidal, fratricidal, matricidal, patricidal, mariticidal or uxoricidal. Because in recent years, crimes considered “fashionable” (corruption, smuggling, trafficking in human beings, embezzlement, fraudulent bankruptcy, forgery and use of forgery) have received more attention from university teachers and experts in the field (prosecutors). , judges, lawyers, etc.), we consider that the crimes committed with extreme violence (murders) have not been investigated as intensely as would have been necessary in practice. Therefore, I considered it appropriate to expose scientific controversies and controversies on the crimes of violence and murder, and especially the one committed in the family environment. Regarding the chosen research area - we consider that most of the causes and conditions for crimes committed in the Republic of Moldova can be explained and analyzed in relation to the same category of crimes committed in Romania.
Biểu hiện viêm ruột trong bệnh lý khớp tự miễn
Authors: Bình Nguyễn Cảnh
Published: December 2023

Bệnh viêm ruột (BVR) bao gồm hai bệnh chính là bệnh Crohn và bệnh viêm loét đại trực tràng chảy máu (VLĐTCM). Bệnh phổ biến ở tất cả các vùng miền trên thế giới, gặp nhiều hơn ở các nước phương tây và có xu hướng ngày càng tăng. Ngoài tổn thương ở đường tiêu hóa, bệnh còn biểu hiện tổn thương ở nhiều cơ quan khác, trong đó viêm khớp là một trong những biểu hiện ngoài ruột phổ biến của BVR chiếm khoảng 10-20%. Viêm khớp trong BVR chủ yếu là các khớp lớn ngoại vi, một số ít là các khớp nhỏ đối xứng và khớp cột sống, hầu hết không gây biến dạng khớp. Các yếu tố gen và tự miễn liên quan đến cơ chế bệnh sinh của cả BVR và viêm khớp. Chẩn đoán BVR đến nay vẫn còn nan giải, không có tiêu chuẩn đơn mà phải kết hợp nhiều phương pháp để xác đinh chẩn đoán. Đã có nhiều tiến bộ trong điều trị BVR, trong đó việc cá nhân hóa điều trị và sự ra đời của các thuốc sinh học đã mang lại những hứa hẹn tốt đẹp.
Kết quả bước đầu phẫu thuật nội soi sau phúc mạc lấy sỏi bể thận, sỏi niệu quản trên tại Bệnh viện Trung ương 103 Quân đội Nhân dân Lào
Authors: Thể Đỗ Ngọc
Published: December 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả bước đầu ứng dụng phẫu thuật nội soi sau phúc mạc lấy sỏi bể thận/sỏi niệu quản trên tại Bệnh viện TƯ 103 Quân đội Nhân dân Lào. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu tiến cứu mô tả cắt ngang hàng loạt ca trên các bệnh nhân sỏi bể thận/sỏi niệu quản trên được điều trị bằng phẫu thuật nội soi sau phúc mạc tại Khoa Ngoại Tiết niệu, Bệnh viện TƯ 103 Quân đội Nhân dân Lào, từ ngày 01/6 đến ngày 02/8/2023. Kết quả: 19 bệnh nhân có tuổi trung bình 42,6; 16 bệnh nhân nam (84,2%) và 3 bệnh nhân nữ (15,8%); 9 viên sỏi bể thận và 13 viên sỏi niệu quản trên có kích thước lớn nhất trung bình 17,8mm. Tỷ lệ phẫu thuật nội soi thành công chung là 95,4%, chuyển mổ mở 1 trường hợp sỏi bể thận. Thời gian mổ trung bình 86 phút, lưu thông tiêu hoá trung bình sau 1,1 ngày, lưu ống thông tiểu trung bình 4,9 ngày. Tất cả các bệnh nhân đều ổn định và ra viện trong vòng 1 tuần sau mổ. Không có tai biến/biến chứng nặng trong và sau mổ. Kết luận: Phẫu thuật nội soi sau phúc mạc lấy sỏi bể thận và sỏi niệu quản trên là can thiệp ít xâm hại có tính an toàn, hiệu quả cao, phù hợp với tình hình thực tế, có thể thay thế hoàn toàn cho phẫu thuật mở với cùng chỉ định.
Nhiễm Bacteroides fragilis có thể liên quan với ung thư đại trực tràng
Authors: Trường Nguyễn Duy
Published: December 2023

Mục tiêu: Tìm hiểu mối liên quan giữa Bacteroides fragilis (B. fragilis) với ung thư đại trực tràng (UTĐTT). Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang 192 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán polyp hoặc UTĐTT các giai đoạn, điều trị tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108 từ tháng 5/2017 đến tháng 12/2020. Tỷ lệ nhiễm và tải lượng tương đối của B. fragilis được xác định tại mô đại tràng theo các giai đoạn bệnh bằng xét nghiệm realtime PCR. Kết quả: Trong 192 bệnh nhân polyp hoặc UTĐTT, tỷ lệ nhiễm B. fragilis tại mẫu mô đại tràng ở nhóm ung thư (71,2%) cao hơn nhóm polyp (34%) (p<0,05). Tải lượng tương đối B. fragilis ở nhóm ung thư (0,09 ± 0,27) cao hơn 9 lần so với nhóm polyp (0,01 ± 0,03), mô ung thư cao hơn mô lành ở nhóm ung thư giai đoạn II và III (p<0,05). Bệnh nhân ung thư đại trực tràng có nguy cơ nhiễm B. fragilis cao gấp 5 lần (CI 95%: 1,7-14,1, p=0,003) so với nhóm polyp lành tính. Kết luận: Nhiễm B. fragilis có thể liên quan đến UTĐTT.
Tỷ lệ nhiễm nấm và chủng vi nấm ở móng bệnh nhân vảy nến
Authors: Trung Phạm Thành
Published: December 2023

Mục tiêu: Xác định tỷ lệ nhiễm nấm, chủng vi nấm và các yếu tố liên quan trên bệnh nhân vảy nến có tổn thương móng đến khám tại Bệnh viện Da liễu TP. Hồ Chí Minh. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả hàng loạt ca trên 61 bệnh nhân vảy nến có tổn thương móng. Tác nhân vi nấm được xác định bằng phương pháp PCR. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ nhiễm vi nấm ở bệnh nhân vảy nến có tổn thương móng là 77%, tình trạng nhiễm vi nấm có liên quan với mức độ nặng của tổn thương móng tính bằng điểm NAPSI (p=0,02). Tác nhân vi nấm thường gặp nhất là vi nấm hạt men (70,2%), các nhóm vi nấm khác bao gồm: Vi nấm sợi tơ (6,4%), vi nấm mốc (10,6%) và nhiễm hỗn hợp vi nấm (12,8%). Kết luận: Tình trạng nhiễm nấm trên bệnh nhân vảy nến có tổn thương móng có tần suất cao và việc nhiễm nấm có liên quan với mức độ tổn thương móng. Cần quan tâm tầm soát nhiễm nấm trên bệnh nhân vảy nến có tổn thương móng để điều trị toàn diện.
Khảo sát thực trạng kiến thức và một số yếu tố liên quan trong việc nuôi con bằng sữa mẹ của sản phụ sau sinh tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108 năm 2023
Authors: Hạnh Hoàng Bình
Published: December 2023

Mục tiêu: Khảo sát kiến thức về nuôi con bằng sữa mẹ và xác định một số yếu tố liên quan đến kiến thức nuôi con bằng sữa mẹ của các sản phụ. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang, sử dụng bộ câu hỏi phỏng vấn trực tiếp cho các sản phụ sinh con nội trú tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108 từ tháng 01/2023 đến tháng 6/2023. Kết quả: Tổng cộng có 250 sản phụ được khảo sát. Tỷ lệ có kiến thức chung tốt về nuôi con bằng sữa mẹ là 83,2%. Tỷ lệ kiến thức về lợi ích của sữa mẹ và phương pháp nuôi con bằng sữa mẹ phần lớn đạt trên 90%. Các yếu tố liên quan có ý nghĩa thống kê đến kiến thức nuôi con bằng sữa mẹ là nơi sinh sống và trình độ học vấn. Kết luận: Kiến thức chung về nuôi con bằng sữa mẹ ở các sản phụ sinh con tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108 là khá cao, tuy nhiên cũng cần tăng cường hướng dẫn, tư vấn cho các bà mẹ về lợi ích của sữa mẹ và nuôi con bằng sữa mẹ cho bà mẹ sống ở vùng nông thôn và có trình độ học vấn thấp.
Thái độ và thực hành chăm sóc ống thông tĩnh mạch ngoại vi của điều dưỡng ảnh hưởng đến tỷ lệ viêm tĩnh mạch tại một bệnh viện quân y (02/2023 - 4/2023)
Authors: Vân Đinh Thị Hồng
Published: December 2023

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá tỷ lệ viêm tĩnh mạch trên người bệnh có đặt ống thông tĩnh mạch ngoại vi; mối quan hệ giữa tuân thủ quy trình kỹ thuật đặt ống thông, thái độ của điều dưỡng trong việc tuân thủ các biện pháp phòng chống nhiễm khuẩn với tỷ lệ bị viêm tĩnh mạch tại một bệnh viện quân y - Việt Nam. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang. Quan sát 32 điều dưỡng thực hành kỹ thuật truyền dịch, chăm sóc đường truyền tĩnh mạch trên 32 người bệnh có đặt ống thông tĩnh mạch ngoại vi từ tháng 2 đến tháng 4 năm 2023. Kết quả và kết luận: Người bệnh bị mức độ 1 viêm tĩnh mạch chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất (50%), 28,13% người bệnh bị mức độ 2, 18,75% trường hợp không có dấu hiệu bất thường. Có mối liên quan giữa tỷ lệ người bệnh bị viêm tĩnh mạch và thời gian lưu của ống thông (p=0,0076). Có mối liên quan giữa điểm số thang đo thái độ, thực hành chăm sóc đường truyền tĩnh mạch ngoại vi của điều dưỡng với thâm niên công tác (p=0,045).
AN INTRODUCTION TO UNANI MEDICAL SYSTEM
Authors: Safee r. Rehan , Imlaque Dr. Mohd.
Published: December 2023

Unani Medical system is one of the oldest medical systems being practiced in the Indian subcontinent. It has its origin in Greece, scientifically developed by Arabs and flourished in Indian subcontinent, thus bringing together a rich blend of knowledge, culture and practices. It thrived in India during rule of Mughals and Nizams due to official patronage. However, during the British rule, it took a backseat with the advent of Allopathic medical system. But due to efforts and perseverance of Sharifi family, Azizi family, renowned Unani Physicians such as Hakeem Ajmal Khan Sb and Hakeem Abdul Hameed Sb., the Unani Medical system not only regained its lost glory, it became one the valued traditional medical system in India. Its foundation is well-established drug management concepts. It contains drugs which have natural identity and source.
A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF BADIYAN (FOENICULUMVULGARE) WITH REFERENCE TO UNANI AND ETHNOMEDICINE
Authors: Maseehullah Dr. MD
Published: December 2023

The perennial herb fennel, also known as shomar, is a member of the Apiaceae family and is employed in various medical systems, including Islamic and Greco-Arab medicine. It has yellow flowers and feathery leaves. It is utilized for its diuretic and therapeutic effects on the gastrointestinal tract as a pain reliever. Because of its ability to relax smooth muscles, F. vulgare is employed in Eastern Mediterranean countries. The scientific research is reviewed in this publication together with the pharmacognostical and therapeutic details.
AN OVERVIEW OF CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING OF LEUCORRHOEA IN CLASSICS OF UNANI MEDICAL SYSTEM
Authors: Abdul Hai Dr. Shama
Published: December 2023

Unani System of Medicine is a comprehensive medical system, which provides preventive, promotive, curative and rehabilitative healthcare. The fundamental basis of this ancient art of healing lies on the Hippocratic (Buqrat) theory of four Humours (Akhlat-e-Arba), according to which any balance of humours is a prerequisite for healthy state while any deviation in the equilibrium of humours causes disease, and thus the line of treatment in unani medicine initially focuses at reestablishing the humoural balance. Temperament (Mizäj) of a patient has a primary significance in diagnosis and treatment of diseases. While selecting the most suitable diet and lifestyle for promoting the health of a particular individual temperament is also taken into consideration. Leucorrhoea is an abnormal condition of the reproductive organs of women. If not treated properly in the initial stages, it may become chronic. Recent investigations have shown that secretions from the uterus and upper part of the vagina flow down and are reabsorbed in the lower parts of the vagina. This is the normal constant flow within the female organs. The whitish discharge is, however, caused by the presence of infection in any of these tissues and a variety of other factors. Leucorrhoea condition may continue for weeks or months at a time. In the Unani system it is called Sailan-ur-rahem, which is caused due to poor quwwat-e-ghaziya (nutritive faculty) of the rahem (uterus) that results in accumulation of fuzlaat (waste materials). It is necessary to be treated with the safest drug and Unani medicine plays an important role in this. Unani Medical System has a long history of the Sailan-ur-rahem management with effectiveness, without having any toxic effect on the human body. The present study’s objective was to systematically review the classical unani literature related to the subject matter i.e etiopathogenesis, clinical sign symptoms and holistic management of this very common gynaecological disorder and to with an aim to disseminate the knowledge for unani preventive measures, and the management of the leucorrhoea through Unani single and compound drugs without having any side effect on the human body.
SURGICAL ANATOMY OF PARANASAL SINUSES AND THEIR CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS
Authors: Khan Dr. Mohd Arshad , Javed Dr. Anjum
Published: December 2023

The achievement of treatment depends on enough knowledge of the normal and abnormal anatomy of the paranasal sinuses, which is variable. It is key to identify the clinical and surgical matter of these variations. This article aims to describe the anatomy with common terminologies. Sure, infection and anatomic variations are determinants for the occure of sinus diseases.
Hubungan Asupan Zat Gizi dan Aktivitas Fisik Dengan Kejadian Gizi Lebih Pada Usia Dewasa Di Kelurahan Kebon Kosong Jakarta
Authors: Sari Wulan , Rizqiya Fauzia
Published: December 2023

Berdasarkan data Riskesdas, DKI Jakarta memiliki angka prevalensi gizi lebih tertinggi pada tahun 2018 yaitu 28,73%. Prevalensi gizi lebih tertinggi di DKI Jakarta terdapat pada di Jakarta Pusat sebesar 30,51%. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Agustus 2022 di Kelurahan Kebon Kosong. Desain penelitian ini adalah Cross Sectional, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 72 responden. Pengambilan sampel dengan simple random sampling. Analisis data berupa uji Chi-Square. Pengambilan data primer dengan cara pengukuran dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian didapatkan sebanyak 66,7 % dari jumlah responden mengalami gizi lebih. Sebanyak 52,8% responden memiliki asupan energi yang lebih, 48,6%, responden memiliki asupan karbohidrat yang lebih, 40,3%, responden memiliki asupan protein yang lebih, 70,8%, responden memiliki asupan lemak yang lebih, 73,6%, responden memiliki asupan serat yang lebih, dan 54,2%, responden memiliki aktivitas fisik yang rendah Berdasarkan hasil uji Chi-Square, ditemukan hubungan signifikan antara asupan energi, lemak, dan serat dengan terjadinya gizi lebih pada usia dewasa di Kelurahan Kebon Kosong (p= <0,05). Dan tidak ada hubungan antara asupan protein, karbohidrat dan aktivitas fisik dengan terjadinya gizi lebih pada usia dewasa di Kelurahan Kebon Kosong (p= >0,05)
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita di Wilayah Puskesmas Kecamatan Cipanas, Kabupaten Lebak, Banten
Authors: Rahmi Rahmi , Sugiatmi Sugiatmi
Published: December 2023

Stunting merupakan masalah dalam tumbuh kembang anak di Indonesia yang harus ditangani secara serius. Balita yang mengalami stunting akan menjadikan anak menjadi lebih rentan terhadap penyakit dan berisiko pada menurunnya tingkat produktivitas. Prevalensi anak stunting di Lebak sebesar 27,5%. Hal ini menyebabkan Kabupaten Lebak menjadi kabupaten dengan peringkat kedua terbanyak kasus stunting di Provinsi Banten. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran faktor – faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di wilayah Puskesmas Kecamatan Cipanas, Kabupaten Lebak, Banten. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kuantitatif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan simple random sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 79 balita. Pengambilan data status gizi balita menggunakan pengukuran antropometri TB/U dengan alat ukur stadiometer. Data status penyakit infeksi, pemberian ASI eksklusif, pemberian MP-ASI, sanitasi dan air bersih, pendidikan dan pengetahuan orang tua menggunakan wawancara dan kuesioner, dan data asupan energi dan protein melalui recall 2x24 jam. Penelitian dianalisis dengan uji chi square. Status gizi balita stunting 60,8% (48) balita dan 39,2% (31)  balita memiliki status gizi normal. Asupan zat gizi energi, protein, pemberian MP-ASI, sanitasi dan air bersih, dan pengetahuan ibu memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan kejadian stunting, (p<0.005 = 0.02, 0.037, 0.001, 0.000, 0.000).  Asupan zat gizi energi, protein, pemberian MP-ASI, sanitasi dan air bersih, dan pengetahuan ibu memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan kejadian stunting pada balita. Penyakit infeksi, ASI eksklusif, Pendidikan ibu tidak memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan kejadian stunting pada balita.
Banks Amid Economic Recovery: Understanding Macroeconomic Influences, Firm Valuation, and the Investor Confidence Paradox
Authors: Risna Wijayanti Yudi Priambodo Purnomo Sidi , Moeljadi,  Sumiati,
Published: December 2023

This study investigates the intriguing relationship between a robust macroeconomic environment during economic recovery and the signaling of increased firm value within the banking sector. It underscores the importance of macroeconomic factors in investors' evaluation of banking firms and examines the rationale behind investors not exhibiting strong reactions to favorable macroeconomic signals. Utilizing an explanatory research method, the study analyzes secondary data from financial reports of 42 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during 2010-2020. A panel data regression approach is employed, incorporating common effect, fixed effect, and random effect models, validated through Chow, Hausman, and Lagrange Multiplier (LM) tests. Resulting insights explain the paradoxical absence of a robust investor response despite banks' resilience amid the economic turmoil. The theoretical implication is that a stable macroeconomic environment typically projects positive signals for the banking sector, enhancing investor confidence and potentially driving up share prices. The study reveals substantial practical implications concerning the macroeconomic influences on firm value signals in the banking industry during economic recovery. Banks are advised to recalibrate their strategies and operations to capitalize on or navigate the risks associated with recovery periods.
Where have all the young offenders gone? Examining changes in offending between two NSW birth cohorts
Authors: Payne Jason , Brown Rick , Broadhurst Roderic
Published: December 2023

New South Wales (NSW), like Australia overall, has experienced a large decline in crime since 2000, yet little is known about its causes. This study explored this decline through a developmental criminology lens by examining two birth cohorts involving all those born in New South Wales in 1984 and 1994. Comparisons between cohorts showed that, by age 21, the proportion of the population that had come into contact with the criminal justice system had halved (–49%), with the largest declines in vehicle theft (–59%), other property theft (–59%) and drink-driving (–49%). However, there remained a group of ‘chronic’ offenders (those committing 5+ offences) who committed crime at a higher rate and accounted for a larger proportion of offences (77%) than the 1984 cohort of ‘chronic’ offenders (68%). The crime decline in New South Wales would therefore appear to have resulted from a large reduction in the number of young people committing crime for the first time, although there remains a diminishing ‘hard core’ of prolific offenders.
Prevent crime and save money: Return-on-investment models in Australia
Authors: Heerde Jessica , Toumbourou John , Hemphill Sheryl , Le Ha , Herrenkohl Todd , Catalano Richard
Published: December 2023

Finding effective ways to prevent crime is important. This project was designed to demonstrate the feasibility of combining data from a 12-year Australian longitudinal study (N=2,885) with prevention strategy investment data to estimate potential returns, including a reduction in intimate partner violence and prison entry. The project investigated the return on investment achievable in Victoria with a $150 million investment in a mix of six evidence based prevention strategies. The study estimated that the 10-year lag effect of investing an extra $150 million was a five percent reduction in incarceration and a four percent reduction in cases of intimate partner violence involving physical force. The net return from the $150 million investment in prevention was conservatively estimated at $191 million. It appears feasible and cost-effective to prevent intimate partner violence, while also reducing incarceration rates.
LEO satellite networking relaunched: Survey and current research challenges
Authors: Westphal Cedric , Han Lin , Li Richard
Published: December 2023

This document surveys recent and current developments in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite networking. It presents a brief overview of satellite networking in order to contextualize the issue. It then focuses on current research work in emerging domains, such as machine learning, Software-Defined Networking (SDN), low latency networking, green networking, Information-Centric Networks (ICN), etc. For each of these, it presents recent works and a direction of the research community within that emerging domain. The paper also describes the current state of standardization efforts in 3GPP and in IETF for LEO satellite networking. In particular, we present in some detail the direction these standards bodies are pointing towards for LEO networking with inter-satellites links. Finally, some future challenges and interesting research directions are described and encouraged. This is an overview of the current state of the LEO satellite research in both academic and industrial standardization environments which we believe will be helpful to understand the current state of the art.
Accessibility difference in education-related websites from developing and developed countries
Authors: Singh Utkarsha , Venkatesh Jeevithashree Divya , Biswas Pradipta
Published: December 2023

In recent years, websites have become the key source of information for most people. There are several websites related to education, healthcare, government, e-commerce, and so on. These websites are used by a large population to access required information. Web content must meet the accessibility guidelines for websites to be accessible to all users, including people with different ranges of abilities across the globe. Thus, accessibility of the web is the prime facet of every website. This paper focuses on identifying accessibility differences in education boards or similar websites anchoring higher-level schools' leaving examinations. We have considered evaluating the accessibility of landing pages of 13 educational websites from a developing and developed group of countries. Six Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG) tools from the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) were considered for evaluating each website. We have tabulated the results of each tool, highlighted the different accessibility issues for each website, and provided alternate suggestions that web developers can consider for resolve any issues. From the results we noted that the developing group of countries reported the maximum number of accessibility issues when compared to the developed group of countries. Selected webpages of developing and developed countries identified text contrast failures, and non-text contrast failures respectively. The education board websites of India and Japan were identified as having the maximum number of accessibility issues when compared to other selected websites.
Vibe - With people with hearing impairment
Authors: S Velmurugan , A Prabhakar
Published: December 2023

Hearing loss significantly impacts daily life, leading to communication difficulties, social isolation, and increased risk of accidents. This can cause frustration, anxiety, and depression. The use of sound indication devices improve the quality of life for individuals with hearing impairment by providing them with a means to detect sounds in their environment. We have developed Vibe, a device that alerts a user to specific sounds (a baby's cry, an alarm, a door knock, a vehicle horn, or a spoken name) in their environment. Our device uses EdgeML, a form of machine learning, to perform tasks locally on the device rather than relying on cloud-based services. This approach has the advantage of reduced latency and improved privacy. The EdgeML model was trained on a locally collected dataset, for better applicability to the Indian environment. Devices such as Vibe will help individuals with hearing impairment navigate their surroundings safely and confidently, leading to increased independence and improved mental health.
Exploring the Effectiveness of Gamification in Mobile Language Learning Applications: A Mixed-Methods Study
Authors: Safatian Fakhereh
Published: December 2023

This paper presents a mixed-methods study that investigates the effectiveness of gamification in mobile language learning applications. The study explores how gamification elements influence language learning outcomes, motivation, and engagement. The specific game used in this study is “LanguageQuest,” a gamified language learning application that incorporates interactive activities, challenges, rewards, and progress tracking features. The study employs a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods to gather data from language learners who used the LanguageQuest app. The findings provide valuable insights into the impact of gamification on language learning and offer implications for language educators and app developers.
「虛實轉譯」作為典範的微妙補充：以翻譯對楷書書法不可譯的關鍵性藝術專業知識為例
Authors: 張介英 張介英
Published: December 2023

6 點語義差異量表和 15 對雙極詞級形容詞描述符（分別代表15 個面向）以及三個主要部分（3 個主要維度），針對了兩組六個中國書法字符（一組由專家書法家創作，另一組由非專家創作），進行評分。為了確保二因子變異分析的統計嚴格性和嚴謹性，加上多次換算迭代，顯著值被調整為 < 0.003。二因子變異分析結果揭示了三個具有統計學意義的面向：(1) 穩定穩—筆劃抖 (SS)；(2) 空間平均—空間不均 (SL)；(3) 力透紙背—筆力輕浮 (SF)。此外，結果還顯示三個邊緣性顯著的面向：(1) 起筆有力—起筆無力 (ST)；(2) 緊中中宮—鬆垮發散 (CC)；(3) 結構舒張—結構擁擠 (SC)。此些皆是有形的實體單詞級別的描述符，用以代表關鍵性藝術專業知識的無形虛渺的概念。研究表明，虛轉實轉譯 (transtantiation) 可以有效地將抽象轉化為具體的描述符。

 

As a preliminary attempt to address the tricky task of making abstract or even metaphysical critical art expertise explicit and tangible, enabling connoisseurship of artistic artifacts more objective and convincing, the study presents a new conceptualization: transtantiation. In total, 31 expert calligraphers and 50 non-calligraphers used a 6-point semantic differential scale with 15 paired bipolar word-level adjectival descriptors (15 dimensions) regarding three main components (3 components) relating to regular script Chinese calligraphy developed by Chang & Chang (2022) and rated two groups of six Chinese calligraphic characters (one authored by an expert calligrapher and the other by a non-expert). In order to ensure statistical stringency and rigor for the two-way ANOVA conducted, the significance threshold was adjusted as < 0.003, due to multiple iterations. The two-way ANOVA results have revealed three statistically significant dimensions: (1) Stable Strokes – Shaky Strokes (SS); (2) Even Space Layout – Uneven Space Layout (SL); and (3) Paper-Penetrating Stroke Force – Weak Stroke Force (SF), as well as such three other marginally significant dimensions as (1) Powerful Starting Stroke – Weak Starting Stroke (ST); (2) Tight Center Core – Loose Center Core (CC); and (3) Outward Open Structure – Crowded Structure (SC) are the tangible word-level descriptors to represent the intangible concept of critical art expertise. The study has shown that transtantiation can transform abstraction into concrete descriptors.

 
From Language Movement to Language Policy: A Critical Examination of English in Bangladeshi Tertiary Education
Authors: Khan Milon Md Rashed , Mohammed Ali Tamanna
Published: December 2023

In the context of the global prevalence of the English language as a universal medium, the importance of English language education has gained considerable prominence in Bangladesh. This emphasis is driven by the dual goals of achieving economic progress and fostering a skilled workforce. The use of English as a medium of instruction at the higher education level has become a subject of contentious debate, particularly within public or government universities, where discussions on its continued application persist. This debate is further complicated by the emergence of private universities, which consistently adopt English as their primary language of instruction. In contrast, public universities grapple with a mixed-language approach, incorporating both Bangla and English during lectures. This paper conducts a comprehensive review, delving into crucial facets such as the historical trajectory of English in Bangladesh, its role both pre- and post-independence, and its categorization as either English as a Second Language (ESL) or English as a Foreign Language (EFL) at the tertiary education level. The inquiry concludes by offering insightful recommendations for policymakers to enhance the standing of English in Bangladesh. These recommendations acknowledge the multifaceted implications of English proficiency for the nation's educational landscape and economic prospects.
Recurrent Larnygeal Nerve Injury in Endoscopic Hemithyroidectomy
Authors: Bilal Hazrat , Malik Shoaib , Mehmood Zahid , Khan Hurtamina , Imran Maham , Imran Mariam , Haider Nazia , , . Ghansham
Published: December 2023

Objective: To find the frequency of recurrent laryngeal nerve damage in endoscopic thyroidectomy. Study design: Cross sectional descriptive study Place & Duration of study: Ward 25, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, Pakistan from January 2018 to January 2021. Methodology: Eighty patients of solitary thyroid nodules who fulfill inclusion criteria were divided alternatively into endoscopic and open hemi thyroidectomy groups. Patients were assessed for recurrent laryngeal nerve injury in the evening and after 24 hours of surgery by quality of voice. Those patients whose voice is normal discharge on 2nd day while others follow fortnightly until 3 months. Results: There was no recurrent laryngeal nerve injury encountered in group A while in group B 4 (10%) transient recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries were encountered. All injuries were recovered within 3 months post operatively. Out of 4 recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries 3 (75%) on left side (left hemi thyroidectomy) while 1 (25%) on right hemithyroidectomy.2 (50%) recurrent laryngeal nerve injuries in patients when surgery time was approximately 3 hours. Conclusion: Endoscopic thyroidectomy is safe, feasible and emerging minimal invasive technique to remove the thyroid gland without visible scar. Keywords: Recurrent laryngeal nerve, Endoscopic thyroidectomy, Solitary thyroid nodule
Effects of Ghutka on Semen Analysis: Observe the Effects of Ghutka on Semen Analysis in Male Patients Presenting with Infertility
Authors: Kumari Kaweeta , Dhomeja Nand Lal , Gul Momy , Hashim Nazia , Zain Syeda , Bakhtawar Faiz , Zafar Shaheen
Published: December 2023

Background: To observe the effects of ghutka on semen analysis in male patients presenting with infertility. Methods: It was a descriptive observational study conducted at SIRM (Sindh institute of reproductive medicine) from April 2021 till july 2021. All males with history of primary or secondary infertility who presented at SIRM opd and who were habitual ghutka (all types) and niswar eaters were included in the study. All males with history of primary or secondary infertility taking recreational drugs other than ghutka were excluded. A total of 52 male patients with history of eating ghutka were analyzed for male infertility at Sindh Institute of Reproductive Medicines, at Karachi Pakistan. Data was collected on a formatted questionnaire after informed consent. The study was approved by Ethical review board. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 22. Results: As the results were evaluated, primary infertility with ghutka eating was 11 % while secondary infertility was found in 89%. Out of the total,23% patients were eating dry ghutka while 77% patients were wet ghutka eaters. Low Bmi was seen in 7%. Patients, high BMI in 25% males while in 60%, BMl was normal. Primary infertility was seen in 17% males who were wet ghutka eaters while it was found in 72% with dry ghutka. Only 11% males who were eating dry ghutka presented with secondary infertility. Sperm motility was low in 15% while it was normal in 85% males. Normal sperm morphology was seen in 39% while 61%. Had a normal morphology. Azoospermia was seen in 1% while teratozoospermia was seen in 33%. Asthenoteratozoospermia in 6%. While Normozoospemia in 25% was seen Conclusion: Ghutka. Addiction is a menace in our Society and its use on the rise. Many males and even females in Pakistan especially at Karachi are addicted to it. One of the greatest known hazards is Oral cancer and many are the sufferers. It has systemic effects and in males is responsible for infertility especially who are taking it for a long time. Keywords: infertility, ghutka, smokeless tobacco, males, habitual
To Investigate the Association between the Extent of Lateral Internal Anal Sphincterotomy and Postoperative Fecal Incontinence in Individuals with Chronic Anal Fissure
Authors: Ahmed Nida , Khan Rizwan Ahmed , Ismail Aqsa , Naeem Syed Humayun , Ahmed Haris
Published: December 2023

Background: The primary objective of this investigation was to evaluate the prevalence of fecal incontinence after surgery in individuals who underwent open lateral internal anal sphincterotomy up to the dentate line compared to those undergoing anal sphincterotomy (open internal) up to the height of the anal fissure. Methodology: This study was randomized and controlled and was carried out in Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi, at the department of surgery between February 2021 and July 2022. The study enrolled patients who were 15 years or older and presented to the outpatient department with chronic anal fissure, regardless of gender. Patients with concomitant anal disease, those with previous history of anorectal surgery & those with systemic neurological disease leading to fecal incontinence were excluded. Analysis of the collected data was performed using SPSS version 23. For quantitative variables, such as age, standard deviation and mean were calculated. Conversely, the qualitative variables, such as gender, location of anal fissure, Browning and Park's classification of incontinence, and final outcome(i.e. fecal incontinence at 5th postoperative day), were assessed using percentages and frequency. Results: In this study, 198 individuals who are chorincally suffering from anal fissure were identified and divided into two groups, Group A and B, each consisting of 99 patients. Group A underwent an open lateral internal anal sphincterotomy up to the level of the dentate line (referred to as the "dentate line group"), while Group B received an open lateral internal anal sphincterotomy up to the height of the fissure (known as the "height of fissure group").Fecal incontinence was assessed and compared between both groups on 5th postoperative day by using Browning and Park’s classification. The findings of this investigation indicated that open lateral anal sphincterotomy up to the level of the dentate line was associated with an 11.1% incidence of fecal incontinence, while a 3% incidence of fecal incontinence was observed in individuals who underwent anal sphincterotomy (lateral internal) up to the height of the anal fissure. Practical Implication: present study suggests that lateral internal anal sphincterotomy up to the height of anal fissure may be associated with a lower risk of fecal incontinence compared to the dentate line group. Conclusion: The data obtained from this study suggested that open anal sphincterotomy (lateral internal) up to the height of the anal fissure was linked to reduced incidence rates of postoperative fecal incontinence on the fifth day after surgery, as compared to open anal sphincterotomy (lateral internal) up to the level of the dentate line. Therefore, this modification should be used in future regularly in order to reduce this morbidity. Keywords: Fecal incontinence, Chronic Anal Fissure, Sphincterotomy.
Study on Motivation Factors and their Affectiveness among the Students of Anatomy
Authors: Billah Motasim , Zeb Sultan , Yunus Sarah , Aman Shehla , Baloch Hafeez , Baloch Abdul Rashid
Published: December 2023

Background and Aim: The learning environment influences students' motivation, which is a critical factor of academic achievement. A variety of essential elements, including motivation, can influence student success in anatomy lessons. The present study aimed to assess various motivational factors and their effectiveness among anatomy students. Materials and Methods: This questionnaire based cross-sectional study was conducted on 140 students of anatomy in Faculty of Medicine, Gajju Khan Medical College Swabi and Gomal Medical College DI Khan. The motivation factors of anatomy students, various types of motivations, degree of motivation assessment, and improving the motivation by various parameters during their studies were assessed. SPSS version 27 was used for data analysis. Results: Of the total 140 anatomy students, there were 78 (55.7%) male and 62 (44.3%) female. The overall mean age was 22.52±4.68 years with an age range 18 years to 26 years. The overall response rate of the students was 90% (n=126). The distribution of students based on their motivational degree were as follows: 2 (1.4%) <20, 2 (1.4%) 20-40, 18 (12.9%) 40-60, 34 (24.3%) 60-80, and 84 (60%) 80-100. Male students were predominant than females. The motivation degree was 81.67% with no statistical significance between genders. Conclusion: The present study revealed that teachers may definitely target motivation as the most significant aspect to promote learning. A greater knowledge of the drivers and markers of motivation should help enhance medical student teaching to some extent. Keywords: Motivations, Anatomy students, improving learning
Trabalho de campo no ensino de Geografia: Importância e desafios para sua realização na educação básica
Authors: Soares Marco , Silva Rafaela , Goelzer Sandy , Sousa Jaqueline
Published: December 2023

Contexto: O presente trabalho tem como objetivo planejar um trabalho de campo e compreender as dinâmicas acerca do seu planejamento e realização. A prática foi realizada com os alunos do 6° ano da Escola Municipal de Ensino Fundamental Santa Helena, no Bairro Camobi, em Santa Maria/RS. Metodologia: Para o planejamento, foram efetuadas visitas à escola, quando foram elaborados questionários acerca de conteúdos de Geografia Urbana, contextualizados com as questões do bairro e do entorno da escola, para serem aplicados com moradores da área. As respostas dos questionários serviram de base para os alunos, organizados em grupos, elaborarem cartazes sobre o que poderia ser melhorado no bairro. A partir dos questionários, surgiram questões referentes a infraestrutura, meio ambiente e segurança. Além disso, foram trabalhados os conceitos de comunidade, lugar, pertencimento e direito à cidade. Considerações: A ideia inicial incluía a realização de um trabalho de campo, no entanto, não foi possível realizar a saída, em função da chuva. Por esse motivo, o trabalho ficou baseado nas respostas aos questionários e tem como finalidade abordar a importância do trabalho de campo no ensino de Geografia, com foco nos desafios para sua realização.
Millî Mücadele Döneminde Afyonkarahisar
Authors: Polat Zelkif
Published: December 2023

The Turkish War of Independence is the total struggle of a nation in the Anatolian geography. The front where the struggle was most intense is the Western front. On the western front, the fight was fought first with the militia and then with the regular armies. The region was first occupied by the Entente powers. Later, the Greek occupations that started with Izmir were quite destructive. Afyonkarahisar became one of the most important cities of the Turkish resistance in terms of both the Kuvâ-yı Milliye units and the regular army. After the Armistice of Mudros, Afyonkarahisar was occupied first by the Entente powers and then by the Greeks. The city was a very important center during the National Struggle process due to its geographical location and being at the intersection of transportation lines. The Greek forces, which occupied the city for 14 months, had built the strongest fortification in this region. Therefore, the Turkish army started the offensive movement from this city in order to achieve a decisive victory.In this study, the role of Afyonkarahisar in the War of Independence was discussed in various aspects. In this context; The occupations of Afyonkarahisar, the reactions to the occupations, prominent resistance leaders, the attitude of the minorities in the city, the organizational work in the region and the liberation of the city from the occupation were examined under the relevant headings.
Millî Mücadele’de Batı Cephesi Mıntıkasında Kuvâ-yı Milliye’nin Teşekkülü
Authors: Kahraman Olcay
Published: December 2023

The Ottoman Empire, which was defeated in World War I, had to sign the Armistice of Mudros. Under the terms of the armistice, the Ottoman army was demobilized and thus its power of defense was taken away. Anatolia was immediately occupied in accordance with Article 7 of the Armistice. On May 15, 1919, in the face of the occupation of Izmir by the Greeks and the atrocities committed, the Kuvâ-yı Milliye, which gathered different elements of the region under one roof under the leadership of officers with national sensitivities, was formed. Four days after the occupation of Izmir, protests were organized against the occupation with the directives of Mustafa Kemal Pasha, who landed in Samsun. The progress of the occupation from Izmir to other regions led to the emergence of regional armed resistance, that is, national forces. The Kuvâ-yı Milliye, which was formed to resist the occupations and was the first nucleus of the National Struggle, replaced the regular army, which was disbanded after the armistice, and fought against the enemy. The Kuvâ-yı Milliye, which were regional armed resistance groups whose administration was not dependent on a center, continued to fight against the enemy until the establishment of the regular army, despite all kinds of obstacles by both the Istanbul Government and the occupation forces. In this process, especially on the Western Front, soldiers, state officials, religious officials, former Committee of Union and Progress members, zeybeks, the efes and the notables of the region supported the Kuvâyı Milliye, thus strengthening the Kuvâ-yı Milliye and rapidly organizing it in the surrounding provinces. With Kuvâ-yı Milliye, the Turkish Nation began to fight for its very existence.
İtalyan Kaynaklarına Göre Anadolu’da Yunan Mezalimi (1919-1922)
Authors: Çelebi Mevlüt
Published: December 2023

Greece occupied Izmir on May 15, 1919 in order to achieve its Megali Idea goal and to make Western Anatolia a homeland. For the Turks, the occupation of Izmir was different from the occupation of other Entente states. The invader was the Greeks who had lived under Turkish rule for hundreds of years. Moreover, the occupation was bloody. Greece, knowing that the Turks would not accept to live under its rule, established an occupation based on violence. It committed arbitrary killings, injuries, imprisonment, rape, theft, insulting religious values and other acts incompatible with human dignity against Turks. Since the Greek and Italian occupation zones in Western Anatolia were bordering each other, the Italians recorded all kinds of atrocities committed by the Greeks. Turks complained to the Italians as well as other European states about the atrocities they saw from the Greeks. In addition to this, the Italians also recorded the Greek atrocities identified on the spot by their military and civilian officials. In this article, only examples of Greek atrocities identified by Italian authorities are given. The atrocities committed by the Greeks in Anatolia were also reported in the Italian press. Examples from these newspapers were also given. Italian sources identified the atrocities committed by the Greeks with terms such as "Massacre", "Brutality", " Savagery", "Banditry". It is in the interest of both sides for Türkiye and Greece, two neighboring countries by land and sea, to establish good relations. For this, mutual sincerity and not allowing the past to mortgage the future are essential. However, the current attitude of Greece is to forget the crimes against humanity it committed in Anatolia. It is necessary and useful to reveal the Greek atrocities detected by the impartial and objective Italian and other Allied sources. In this way, it is hoped that Greece will reach a point of understanding.
İzmir’de Yunan İdaresinin Kurulması
Authors: Nefes Fatih Mehmet
Published: December 2023

Greece entered World War I in 1917 under the leadership of then Prime Minister Eleftherios Venizelos. After the war, Greece participated in the Paris Peace Conference. At this conference, Venizelos made great efforts to get the victorious states to accept a large region including the western coast of Anatolia and Thrace, with Izmir being the center, as a Greek occupation zone. With the support of Britain and France, Venizelos had a large area in Western Anatolia accepted as an occupation zone. Especially with the support of British Prime Minister Lloyd George and Foreign Minister Lord Curzon, Greece landed occupation troops in Izmir on May 15, 1919, and captured cities and towns such as Aydın, Ödemiş, Ayvalık and Manisa in a short time with the forward operation it launched after the invasion. The Greek invasion of Anatolia between May 15, 1919 and September 9, 1922 was openly supported by the British rulers with the aim of creating a Greece that Britain could use and keep under control in accordance with its policies in the Eastern Mediterranean and its islands, North Africa and even the Black Sea. Greece did not only remain as an occupier in the west of Anatolia, but also tried to build an administrative system in the cities and towns it occupied in a short time. With this administrative system, Greece aimed to maintain order in the occupied regions through violence and intimidation policies and also took steps to change the demographic structure in the region. For this purpose, Greece undertook administrative organization, education, settlement-public works and press-publication activities in the occupied regions.