bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Study on the Combination of a Column of Year, Month, Day, Time and Minutes during Consultation
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Lee Heungsin , Kim Mantae
Published: August 2022

This study is a study on the combination of the year, month, day, time, pillar and the minutes during consultation, and is a study on the so-called Oju Ganmyung method. Although it is possible to predict a person's personality, aptitude, and the rhythm of life using the Saju system, it is difficult to predict events or accidents that are approaching. That’s why Myeongri scholars have been agonizing and suffering for a long time, blaming the lack of study, and on the other hand, even acknowledging the limitations of Saju. However, even if the exact timing cannot be specified, it is said that the Ganmyung method according to the Oju system was used through word of mouth among Taiwanese scholar. In Korea, it was introduced by a few scholars in 2007, but it is a rare study that is not yet known in academia. The official method of the Oju Ganmyung Method is examined by using the principle of Senggeukjehwa formula of the book 'Japyeongbeop' as it is, and supplementally, using the divine, gospel, and materialism.
Legal Protection of Local Creators for Cultural Autonomy
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Lee Hongkee
Published: August 2022

This paper examines the protections and limitations of the current law on local creators from the perspective of cultural autonomy. The Constitution guarantees the basic cultural rights and the Framework Act on Culture(FAC) and other regulations makes them concrete. However, there is a lack of legal mechanisms to recognize the importance of local creators and protect them. Many countries strive to enhance regional creativity and protect local creators by emphasizing autonomous creativity by introducing legal systems that are appropriate to their cultural environment and circumstances. This paper examines the laws related in the US, UK, and Japan, and draws implications for legislative improvement. In conclusion, the value of creation is more emphasized in the FAC, etc., and norms should be improved through local government ordinances that can reflect the characteristics of local creativity.
The Relationship among Outdoor Recreation Flow, Eco-friendly Attitude, Fine Dust Threat Recognition, Eco-friendly Product Word-of-Mouth, Eco-friendly Product Purchase Intention
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Park Jaeahm
Published: August 2022

This study analyzed the relationship among outdoor recreation flow, eco-friendly attitude, fine dust threat recognition, eco-friendly product word-of-mouth, eco-friendly product purchase intention to provide the fundamental data for using outdoor recreation as the effective method of environmental education and designing convergence education. The samples of this study was a total of 150 members of mountain clubs from 13 universities of Korea Student Alpine Federation and 7 universities of Daegu-Gyeongbuk Student Alpine Association. Followings are results of this study. First, outdoor recreation has a positive effect(+) on eco-friendly attitude. Second, eco-friendly attitude has a positive effect(+) on fine dust threat recognition. Third, eco-friendly attitude has a positive effect(+) on eco-friendly product word-of-mouth intention. Fourth, eco-friendly attitude has a positive effect(+) on eco-friendly product purchase intention.
Analysis on Music Meditation Research Papers and Critical Review: Focused on Research Papers from 2000 to 2021
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Kim Joonhee
Published: August 2022

One of the most noteworthy keywords in the 21th century is undoubtedly ‘meditation’. Also, along with meditation, 'music' began to attract attention, and music meditation became a trend. In this paper, academic papers published from 2000 to 2021 were divided into five categories and some major papers were reviewed. As a result, the papers lacked specific references to meditation music compared to the research process, or the distinction between music meditation and music appreciation was ambiguous, and the concept of music therapy was mixed. In addition, the setting of meditation music and control of experimental groups remained. In order to systematically practice meditation through music and to conduct more fundamental research, accurate understanding of music meditation and meditation music, establishment of terminology, understanding of instrumental functions of music, separation of music meditation and music therapy, and creation of meditation music to enhance the effectiveness of meditation. I suggest that we explore how to use music as a preliminary stage before meditation. It is also hoped that more music experts will participate in the study of music meditation.
Taoism’s Perception of Space and the Hospitality of Wuwei(無爲)
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Kim Jinsun
Published: August 2022

This paper explored the philosophy for 'coexistence of differences’ in the era of migration. Humans have the right to belong to the social community as social beings. This right is a fundamental human right, but migrant refugees who do not belong to any political community are excluded. Hospitality is to recognize human rights and accept Heterogeneous others as members of the community. The only condition of hospitality is dignity as a human being, and dignity is confirmed through interaction rites.
The space of Taoism is a de-regulatory space, where various individuals interact and coexist. In this spatial perception, it is impossible to standardize which behavior is right or wrong. Wuwei is a way in which natural principles are embodied in things without subjective intention, and Shengren’s Wuwei ensures that anyone is welcomed in public space(publicity). This hospitality of Wuwei recognizes the differences of various individuals without any conditions and allows them to live in their respective places in the community.
Effect of Participation in the Dual-task Dancesport Program on the Change of EEG, Cognitive Function and Psychological Happiness for the Elderly with Mild Cognitive Impairment
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Lee Moonsook , Kim Jungdong , Cho Byungjun
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effect of a dance sports program as a cognitive exercise dual task training for the elderly with mild cognitive impairment(MMSE-K : 20-23). They were divided into two experimental groups and one control group. The data was analyzed with reliability analysis and covariate analysis. Followings are the results of this study. First, that participation in a dance sports program has a significant effect on brain waves, cognitive function and psychological Happness. Second, it was found that participation in a dual task dance sports program had a more significant effect on brain waves, cognitive function and psychological well-being than participation in a single task dance sports program.
The Effects of Confirmation of COVID-19, Academic Stress, Ego-resilience on College Students’ Depression
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Lee Younglim , Im Heejoo
Published: August 2022

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of college students’ confirmed COVID-19, academic stress, and ego-resilience on depression. To this end, an online survey was conducted on 136 students enrolled in an university in Chungcheongnam-do. As a result of this study, there was no significant difference in academic stress, ego-resilience, and depression in the presence or absence of COVID-19 confirmation. However, students with high COVID-19 sequelae showed high levels of depression, and students who were diagnosed with COVID-19 with underlying disease showed high emotional exhaustion. As variables predicting depression, egoresilience, emotional exhaustion, and COVID-19 sequelae were found. The lower the egoresilience and the higher the emotional exhaustion, the higher the depression. After controlling for ego-resilience and academic stress, the result of examining whether COVID-19 related variables have a significant effect on depression shows that the higher the COVID-19 sequelae, the significantly higher the depression. Based on the results, several implications are discussed.
An Exploratory Study on Automated Recommendation Service Users’ Perception of Datafication
Authors:   The Korean Society of Culture and Convergence, Moon Sanghyun
Published: August 2022

This study examines how users of the automated recommendation service of media platform perceive datafication and discusses its social implications. First, interviewees perceive that algorithm-based recommendation is more accurate and objective since artificial intelligence learns a lot of data with various values and perspectives or recommends contents based on users’ own personal data. In addition, the convenience and usefulness are important reasons for users’ positive perception of automated recommendation services. Second, interviewees expressed concern and dissatisfaction with the platform’s mass collection and commercial use of personal data, which leads to two user attitudes. One is that users regard dataveillance as trade-off for the benefits offered by automated recommendation services. The other is that users are simply resigned since they cannot control privacy infringement and surveillance. Most of the interviewees have these two attitudes in common.
İmparatorluk Çağı (1875-1914)
Authors: ERKOYUNCU Ümran
Published: August 2022

19. yy. en önemli tarihçilerinden biri olarak kabul edilen Eric Hobsbawm’ın kaleme aldığı bu kitap, sadece akademisyenlere değil, dünya tarihine ilişkin çalışmalarıyla, dünyayı anlamak isteyen ve bu açıdan tarihin önemine inanan her kesim okuyucu kitlesine hitap etmektedir. İmparatorluk Çağı, kendi içinde bütünlüğü olan bir kitap olmasına karşın, 1776’dan 1914’e uzanan on dokuzuncu yüzyıla ilişkin genel bir araştırma niteliği kazanan bir çalışmanın üçüncü ve son cildidir.
On the zeros of the Riemann zeta function on the critical line
Authors: Abe Yukitaka
Published: August 2022

This is the continuation of the previous paper. By the same method as in the proof of the Riemann hypothesis, we prove that every zero of the Riemann zeta function on the critical line is simple for $t>T_0$, where $T_0$ is a constant.
Kontrol Energi Hybrid Angin, Surya Photovoltaic dan Fuel Engine pada Kapal Model Katamaran
Authors: Islami Yusril , Setiawan Budhy , Pracoyo Agus
Published: August 2022

Kemajuan sarana transportasi laut semakin berkembang pesat, hal ini berbanding terbalik dengan ketersediaan bahan bakar fosil yang ada di dunia. Di wilayah perairan Indonesia, energi terbarukan sangat berpotensi untuk menggantikan bahan bakar fosil bagi transportasi laut, diantaranya adalah energi angin dan energi matahari. Oleh karena itu muncul ide untuk merancang kapal dengan sumber energi hybrid, angin dengan media layar, photovoltaic, dan fuel engine. Sistem kontrol pada penelitian ini diperlukan untuk mengatur penggunaan energi yang ada di kapal. Cara kerja dari sistem kontrol yaitu dengan memonitor daya yang tersedia pada baterai. Ketika kondisi baterai berada dibawah tegangan kerja, maka mikrokontroler akan memberi perintah ke rangkaian switching starter untuk menyalakan engine. Kemudian engine akan memutar generator untuk mengisi baterai sampai terisi penuh kembali. Setelah baterai sampai pada tegangan kerja maka rangkaian switching stop akan mematikan engine. Sementara itu PV terus bekerja mengisi baterai selama masih ada sinar matahari. Dari hasil pengambilan data disimpulkan bahwa tegangan yang dihasilkan oleh generator cukup konstan dengan kisaran RPM 300 dengan tegangan 14 Volt. Sedangkan pada PV daya yang dapat ditangkap secara maksimal selama 6 jam dalam sehari dengan rata-rata 60.07 Watt.
Kontrol Dan Monitoring Ph Air Pada Budidaya Lobster Air Tawar Dengan Metode PID Berbasis Internet Of Things
Authors: Putra Reynaldi Mahendra , Nurcahyo Sidik , Priyadi Bambang
Published: August 2022

Saat ini di Indonesia, proses untuk mengontrol kadar keasaman (pH) air kolam pada budidaya lobster air tawar masih menggunakan cara manual yaitu dengan cara mengukur kadar keasaman (pH) air kolam dengan alat ukur pH meter. Apabila nilai pH air kolam tidak sesuai dengan parameter pH air yang telah ditentukan maka, dilakukan penambahan larutan yang dapat menetralkan pH air. Hal tersebut kurang efisien karena membuang banyak waktu dan tenaga. Untuk itu di ciptakan sebuah sistem yang dapat mengontrol pH air secara otomatis serta dapat memonitoring kadar pH air secara realtime melalui aplikasi blynk Agar dapat mengontrol Ph air yang baik dan tepat diperlukan metode kontrol PID. Kontrol PID digunakan untuk mengatur waktu aktifnya dosing pump peristaltic berdasarkan nilai error. Pada sistem ini menggunakan ESP32 sebagai mikrokontroller, Sensor pH, dosing pump peristaltic sebagai aktuator, serta LCD untuk menampilkan data. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian PID didapatkan dengan Kp=0.76,Ki=0.001 dan Kd=92.72 dengan hasil grafik respon sistem menunjukkan pada motor asam ketika nilai pH kolam 7,9 membutuhkan waktu selama 5580 s untuk mencapai set point.Kata Kunci :  Lobster, pH, ESP32, Blynk, PID.
Rancang Bangun Alat Pengatur Debit Biji Plastik Untuk Extruder 3D Printing dengan Metode Vibrasi
Authors: Permata U Lidwina Epriliasari , Setiawan Budhy , Murtono Ari
Published: August 2022

Dalam proses mencetak benda berdimensi tiga atau sering disebut dengan 3D Printing masih terdapat kesulitan yaitu harus emnuangkan biji plastik kedalam selang hopper. Salah satu pemanfaatan teknologi yaitu dengan cara membuat sistem yang dapat mengatur debit biji plastik yang masuk kedalam selang hopper yautu menggunakan Arduino Nano sebagai mkrokontroller lalu sensor infrared sebagai pendeteksi ada atau tidaknya biji plastik dan motor servo sebagai penggerak katub penghubung selang hopper.
Implementasi Flow Sensor Pada Alat Pengisi Mase Otomatis Ke Dalam Cetakan Keramik
Authors: Bastarwan Jordiansyah , Patma Tundung Subali , Radianto Donny
Published: August 2022

Keramik adalah suatu bentuk dari tanah liat yang telah mengalami proses pembakaran. Dalam proses pembuatan keramik terdiri dari beberapa proses yaitu pencetakan, pengeringan, dan pembakaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendesain sebuah alat pengisi mase otomatis untuk mempermudah proses pencetakan keramik dengan menggunakan water flow sensor sebagai umpan balik alat. Water flow sensor pada alat ini digunakan untuk mengukur volume mase yang telah terisi pada cetakan keramik. Untuk dapat melakukan pengisian secara tepat digunakan kontrol akselerasi dan deselerasi pada motor servo.  Besarnya volume mase pada cetakan keramik didasarkan pada trial and error dengan menggunakan water flow sensor pada setiap cetakan keramik. Alat ini menggunakan motor servo MG996R untuk mengatur pergerakan valve kran serta menggunakan arduino uno untuk memproses data. Pada pengujian yang dilakukan alat dapat membaca aliran mase dengan rata-rata error sebesar 1% dan waktu akselerasi dan deselerasi dapat diatur dari waktu 1-3 detik.
Lexical variation in English language podcasts, editorial media, and social media
Authors: Karlgren Jussi
Published: August 2022

The study presented in this paper demonstrates how transcribed podcast material differs with respect to lexical content from other collections of English language data: editorial text, social media, both long form and microblogs, dialogue from movie scripts, and transcribed phone conversations. Most of the recorded differences are as might be expected, reflecting known or assumed difference between spoken and written language, between dialogue and soliloquy, and between scripted formal and unscripted informal language use. Most notably, podcast material, compared to the hitherto typical training sets from editorial media, is characterised by being in the present tense, and with a much higher incidence of pronouns, interjections, and negations. These characteristics are, unsurprisingly, largely shared with social media texts. Where podcast material differs from social media material is in its attitudinal content, with many more amplifiers and much less negative attitude than in blog texts. This variation, besides being of philological interest, has ramifications for computational work. Information access for material which is not primarily topical should be designed to be sensitive to such variation that defines the data set itself and discriminates items within it. In general, training sets for language models are a non-trivial parameter which are likely to show effects both expected and unexpected when applied to data from other sources and the characteristics and provenance of data used to train a model should be listed on the label as a minimal form of downstream consumer protection.
Human mesenchymal stromal cells release functional mitochondria in extracellular vesicles
Authors: Thomas Matthew A. , Fahey Megan J. , Pugliese Brenna R. , Irwin Rebecca M. , Antonyak Marc A. , Delco Michelle L.
Published: August 2022

Cartilage and other skeletal soft tissues heal poorly after injury, in part due to their lack of vascularity and low metabolic rate. No pharmacologic approaches have proven effective in preventing chronic degenerative disease after joint injury. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been investigated for their ability to treat pain associated with osteoarthritis (OA) and preserve articular cartilage. Limitations of MSCs include variability in cell phenotype, low engraftment and retention rates, and inconsistent clinical outcomes. Therefore, acellular biologic therapies such as extracellular vesicles (EVs) are currently being investigated. MSC-derived EVs have been found to replicate many of the therapeutic effects of their cells of origin, but the mechanisms driving this remain unclear. Recent evidence in non-orthopedic tissues suggests MSCs can rescue injured cells by donating mitochondria, restoring mitochondrial function in recipient cells, preserving cell viability, and promoting tissue repair. Our group hypothesized that MSCs package mitochondria for export into EVs, and that these so-called “mitoEVs” could provide a delivery strategy for cell-free mitochondria-targeted therapy. Therefore, the goals of this study were to: 1) characterize the vesicle fractions of the MSCs secretome with respect to mitochondrial cargoes, 2) determine if MSC-EVs contain functional mitochondria, and 3) determine if chondrocytes can take up MSC-derived mitoEVs. We isolated exosome, microvesicle, and vesicle-free fractions from MSC-conditioned media. Using a combination of dynamic light scattering and nanoparticle tracking, we determined that MSC-EV populations fall within the three size categories typically used to classify EVs (exosomes, microvesicles, apoptotic bodies). Fluorescent nanoparticle tracking, immunoblotting, and flow cytometry revealed that mitochondrial cargoes are abundant across all EV size populations, and mitoEVs are nearly ubiquitous among the largest EVs. Polarization staining indicated a subset of mitoEVs contain functional mitochondria. Finally, flow cytometry and fluorescent imaging confirmed uptake of mitoEVs by chondrocytes undergoing rotenone/antimycin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. These data indicate that MSCs package intact, functional mitochondria into EVs, which can be transferred to chondrocytes in the absence of direct cell-cell interactions. This work suggests intercellular transfer of healthy MT to chondrocytes could represent a new, acellular approach to augment mitochondrial content and function in poorly-healing avascular skeletal soft tissues.
3D bioprinting of multi-layered segments of a vessel-like structure with ECM and novel derived bioink
Authors: Potere Federica , Belgio Beatrice , Croci Giorgio Alberto , Tabano Silvia , Petrini Paola , Dubini Gabriele , Boschetti Federica , Mantero Sara
Published: August 2022

3D-Bioprinting leads to the realization of tridimensional customized constructs to reproduce the biological structural complexity. The new technological challenge focuses on obtaining a 3D structure with several distinct layers to replicate the hierarchical organization of natural tissues. This work aims to reproduce large blood vessel substitutes compliant with the original tissue, combining the advantages of the 3D bioprinting, decellularization, and accounting for the presence of different cells. The decellularization process was performed on porcine aortas. Various decellularization protocols were tested and evaluated through DNA extraction, quantification, and amplification by PCR to define the adequate one. The decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM), lyophilized and solubilized, was combined with gelatin, alginate, and cells to obtain a novel bioink. Several solutions were tested, tuning the percentage of the components to obtain the adequate structural properties. The geometrical model of the large blood vessel constructs was designed with SolidWorks, and the construct slicing was done using the HeartWare software, which allowed generating the G-Code. The final constructs were 3D bioprinted with the Inkredible + using dual print heads. The composition of the bioink was tuned so that it could withstand the printing of a segment of a tubular construct up to 10 mm and reproduce the multicellular complexity. Among the several compositions tested, the suspension resulting from 8% w/v gelatin, 7% w/v alginate, and 3% w/v dECM, and cells successfully produced the designed structures. With this bioink, it was possible to print structures made up of 20 layers. The dimensions of the printed structures were consistent with the designed ones. We were able to avoid the double bioink overlap in the thickness, despite the increase in the number of layers during the printing process. The optimization of the parameters allowed the production of structures with a height of 20 layers corresponding to 9 mm. Theoretical and real structures were very close. The differences were 14% in height, 20% internal diameter, and 9% thickness. By tailoring the printing parameters and the amount of dECM, adequate mechanical properties could be met. In this study, we developed an innovative printable bioink able to finely reproduce the native complex structure of the large blood vessel.
The SIRT1-HMGB1 axis: Therapeutic potential to ameliorate inflammatory responses and tumor occurrence
Authors: Wei Lanyi , Zhang Wenrui , Li Yueyang , Zhai Jinghui
Published: August 2022

Inflammation is a common complication of many chronic diseases. It includes inflammation of the parenchyma and vascular systems. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent histone deacetylase, which can directly participate in the suppression of inflammation. It can also regulate the activity of other proteins. Among them, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) signaling can be inhibited by deacetylating four lysine residues (55, 88, 90, and 177) in quiescent endothelial cells. HMGB1 is a ubiquitous nuclear protein, once translocated outside the cell, which can interact with various target cell receptors including the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, and TLR4 and stimulates the release of pro-inflammatory cyto-/chemokines. And SIRT1 has been reported to inhibit the activity of HMGB1. Both are related to the occurrence and development of inflammation and associated diseases but show an antagonistic relationship in controlling inflammation. Therefore, in this review, we introduce how this signaling axis regulates the emergence of inflammation-related responses and tumor occurrence, providing a new experimental perspective for future inflammation research. In addition, it explores diverse upstream regulators and some natural/synthetic activators of SIRT1 as a possible treatment for inflammatory responses and tumor occurrence which may encourage the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs. Meanwhile, this review also introduces the potential molecular mechanism of the SIRT1-HMGB1 pathway to improve inflammation, suggesting that SIRT1 and HMGB1 proteins may be potential targets for treating inflammation.
Liujunanwei decoction attenuates cisplatin-induced nausea and vomiting in a Rat-Pica model partially mediated by modulating the gut micsrobiome
Authors: Chen Dongmei , Guo Yi , Yang Yufei
Published: August 2022

Studies show that traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), such as Liujunanwei (LJAW) decoction, can play important roles in alleviating side effects of chemotherapy. The purpose of this study was to understand how LJAW can counter chemotherapy-induced emesis via alteration of gut microbiota. We evaluated the effect of LJAW on cisplatin (DDP)-induced nausea and vomiting using a rat-pica model. Rats react to emetic-producing stimuli with increased kaolin consumption, a phenomenon called pica. The rats were injected with cisplatin and then randomly assigned to the control (DDP), Ondansetron or LJAW. The intake of kaolin and chow diet as well as body weights were recorded every 24 hours. Fecal samples were collected prior to, after three and seven days of treatment. The expression of proteins was measured by western blot. The concentration of cytokines and serotonin was evaluated using ELISA assay kits. Kaolin consumption in rats induced by cisplatin was reduced by 16.5%, 22.5%, and 30.1% in the LJAW group compared to the DDP group at 24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours, respectively (p>0.05). LJAW significantly increased the food intake of the rats (13.94 ± 4.73 g) during the first 24 hours as opposed to the DDP (9.23 ± 3.77 g) (p<0.05). 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed the abundance of Bacteroidetes increased in cisplatin treated rats. In addition, cisplatin injection caused an enrichment of Escherichia-Shigella and Enterococcus at the genus level. While, enrichment of Blautia and Lactobacillus was presented in LJAW treated rats. Serotonin decreased in LJAW treated intestine and medulla oblongata tissues. Further, the protein expression of tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1) a rate limiting enzyme of serotonin was inhibited in LJAW treated rat’s jejunum compared with cisplatin only treated rats. In addition, LJAW downregulated chemotherapy induced elevated inflammation. The results of this study indicated that LJAW is capable of decreasing cisplatin-induced kaolin intake in rat-nausea model (pica), which might be mediated through gut microbiome-induced anti-inflammation and anti-serotonin synthesis functions.
Changes in intestinal microflora and its metabolites underlie the cognitive impairment in preterm rats
Authors: Lu Xiang , Xue Zhengyang , Qian Yu , Wei Shanjie , Qiao Yu , Zhang Wen , Lu Hongyan
Published: August 2022

Background

The brain development of preterm infants is easily affected by various adverse extrauterine factors and complications, resulting in abnormal neurological and cognitive development. Recent studies have found that there is a significant correlation between intestinal microbial changes and cognitive behavior. Nevertheless, the correlation between the cognitive impairment and abnormal changes of intestinal microflora in the preterm newborn has been rarely elucidated.

Aim

To analyze the differences of fecal intestinal flora, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA)-related serum factors between preterm birth with and without cognitive impairment.

Methods

Healthy female rats (body weight 410 ± 40 g) of 16-17 days of gestation were selected for the establishment of preterm cognitive impairment model and screened by Morris water maze navigation experiments. The pathological change of rat hippocampus was confirmed by HE staining. The abundance of fecal intestinal microflora was determined by 16sRNA sequencing, while the contents of fecal SCFAs were examined by gas chromatography.

Results

Compared with the control group, the cognitive impairment group had decreased abundance and diversity of intestinal microflora and increased abundance of Proteobacteria at the level of phylum. While the abundances of Alistipes, Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Lactobacillus decreased significantly at the level of order, family, and genus, the abundances of Staphylococcaceae, Enterococci, Psychrobacter, and Oligella increased significantly. Moreover, the levels of total SCFAs and acetic acid in the disease group were significantly lower. The fecal abundance of acetic acid was positively correlated with that of Lactobacillaceae or Peptostreptococcaceae, and negatively correlated with that of Aerococcaceae, and Alcaligenaceae in disease rats. Furthermore, cognitive impairment caused significantly decreased levels of 5-HT, GABA, and BDNF, and increased levels of GR, CRH, IL-6, and TNF-α in rat blood.

Conclusion

Alterations in intestinal microflora structure and the abundances of SCFAs contributed substantially to the cognitive impairment in preterm rats, which was associated with significant changes in MGBA-related soluble factors.
Vitamin K antagonists and cardiovascular calcification: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kosciuszek Nina D. , Kalta Daniel , Singh Mohnish , Savinova Olga V.
Published: August 2022

Background

Many patients treated with Vitamin K antagonists (VKA) for anticoagulation have concomitant vascular or valvular calcification. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate a hypothesis that vascular and valvular calcification is a side-effect of VKA treatment.

Methods

We conducted a systematic literature search to identify studies that reported vascular or valvular calcification in patients treated with VKA. The associations between VKA use and calcification were analyzed with random-effects inverse variance models and reported as odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). In addition, univariate meta-regression analyses were utilized to identify any effect moderators.

Results

Thirty-five studies were included (45,757 patients; 6,251 VKA users). The median follow-up was 2.3 years [interquartile range (IQR) of 1.2–4.0]; age 66.2 ± 3.6 years (mean ± SD); the majority of participants were males [77% (IQR: 72–95%)]. VKA use was associated with an increased OR for coronary artery calcification [1.21 (1.08, 1.36), p = 0.001], moderated by the duration of treatment [meta-regression coefficient B of 0.08 (0.03, 0.13), p = 0.0005]. Extra-coronary calcification affecting the aorta, carotid artery, breast artery, and arteries of lower extremities, was also increased in VKA treated patients [1.86 (1.43, 2.42), p < 0.00001] and moderated by the author-reported statistical adjustments of the effect estimates [B: −0.63 (−1.19, −0.08), p = 0.016]. The effect of VKA on the aortic valve calcification was significant [3.07 (1.90, 4.96), p < 0.00001]; however, these studies suffered from a high risk of publication bias.

Conclusion

Vascular and valvular calcification are potential side effects of VKA. The clinical significance of these side effects on cardiovascular outcomes deserves further investigation.
Challenges and recommendations for high quality research using electronic health records
Authors: Honeyford K , Expert P , Mendelsohn E.E , Post B , Faisal A.A , Glampson B , Mayer E.K , Costelloe C.E
Published: August 2022

Harnessing Real World Data is vital to improve health care in the 21st Century. Data from Electronic Health Records (EHRs) are a rich source of patient centred data, including information on the patient's clinical condition, laboratory results, diagnoses and treatments. They thus reflect the true state of health systems. However, access and utilisation of EHR data for research presents specific challenges. We assert that using data from EHRs effectively is dependent on synergy between researchers, clinicians and health informaticians, and only this will allow state of the art methods to be used to answer urgent and vital questions for patient care. We propose that there needs to be a paradigm shift in the way this research is conducted - appreciating that the research process is iterative rather than linear. We also make specific recommendations for organisations, based on our experience of developing and using EHR data in trusted research environments.
Morphological characteristics and permeability evolution of deep mine gas drainage boreholes
Authors: Liu Xiao , Jing Tianxiang , Lin Haixiao , Xuan Dequan , Li Yong , Xu Sen
Published: August 2022

Structural coal has low permeability and high gas content. The increase of mining depth seriously restricts the safe mining of deep mines. Hydraulic flushing is the main means of gas extraction. The shape of the hydraulic flushing hole is an important basis to determine the pumping radius, which is widely regarded as a cylinder. However, due to the differences in the stress level, water force, friction and external moisture, the pore morphology, and permeability evolution need to be further studied. At present, the hole shape for hydraulic punching is equivalent to a cylinder in drilling design and evaluation, which is one of the important bases to determine the effective extraction radius. However, the hole shape is affected by many factors, so the scientific equivalent to a cylinder remains to be discussed. The BR-PKN equation describing the hole shape is established by introducing and combining the Bergmark–Roos equation and PKN model, and the hole’s shape is shown by MATLAB. To verify its accuracy, YZD18.5 is used as an onsite logging tool for data acquisition and analysis, and the hole section is drawn. The BR-PKN equation and permeability evolution model are simulated by COMSOL Multiphysics, and the permeability evolution law of conventional cylinder with hydraulic flushing is compared and analyzed. The results show that 1) the shape of the hydraulic punch hole is ellipsoid with three different axes, and its horizontal section is approximately an ellipse; 2) within the influence range of quasi-ellipsoid holes, the permeability changes in the long and short axis of quasi-ellipsoid holes are similar. The permeability evolution curve of the coal first increases, then decreases, and finally, flattens with the increase of distance from borehole, and the permeability of the coal body increases with the extension of extraction time); 3) the permeability of the equivalent ellipsoid pore decreases with the increase in coal water content. The effective radius in the long and short axes of the minimum cross section of the quasi-ellipsoid hole is 0.89 and 0.95 times the effective extraction radius of the equivalent cylinder, which provides a basis for a drilling layout.
Effects of wave-current interactions on sediment dynamics in Hangzhou Bay during Typhoon Mitag
Authors: Li Li , Xu Jiayang , Ren Yihan , Wang Xiao Hua , Xia Yuezhang
Published: August 2022

The hydrodynamics and sediment characteristics of muddy estuaries and coasts during typhoons are closely related to the geomorphic evolution, ecological environment, and economic development of coastal zones. Taking the macro-tidal turbid Hangzhou Bay (HZB) as an example, the sediment characteristics and effects of wave-current interactions on sediment dynamics during Typhoon Mitag were studied using a fully-calibrated numerical model. The model considered tide-wave sediment interactions and the reconstructed typhoon wind field. Net sediment fluxes were controlled by residual currents and suspended sediment concentration (SSC). The combined interactions of currents and waves led to a high SSC during the typhoon. Under calm weather conditions, the impact of wave-current interactions (wave dissipation, form drag, wave radiation stress, mean current advection and refraction) was small, except for the combined bottom stresses. The combined bottom stress was the primary wave-current interaction that changed sediment resuspension and increased SSC, particularly in shallow waters or during storms. The advection term, which played an essential role in reducing SSC in HZB, mainly affected SSC by increasing the velocity. The wave dissipation term enhanced vertical mixing, which involved the vertical exchange of suspended sediment and currents. In the shallow waters of the southern bay, the wave dissipation term mostly led to decreased bottom stresses, increased currents, decreased SSC, and increased SSC in deep waters. The effects of form drag, wave radiation stress, and refraction terms on the suspended sediment dynamics were relatively small. These findings provide a theoretical foundation for the study of dynamic geomorphology in macro-tidal estuaries.
Identification and Quantitative Characterization of Point Bars in Subsurface Meander-River Belt, Taking Chengdao Oilfield in Bohai Bay Basin as an Example
Authors: Yang Bin , Zhang Liqiang , Sun Zhifeng , Yan Yiming
Published: August 2022

Reservoir architecture is an important basis for studying the sedimentary evolution of underground reservoirs and the distribution of remaining oil. Taking meander-river reservoir of Guantao Formation in Chengdao Oilfield as an example, characteristics of the evolution of subsurface meander-belt deposits were studied by seismic sedimentology. Seismic lithology is performed using -90° phase wavelet and frequency fusions; seismic geomorphology is conducted on seismic stratal slices. Six meandering belts were defined in the target layer, and the sediment at the bottom is characterized by the transformation from “braided” river to “meandering” river. The width of meander-river belt has no correlation with the maximum thickness of meander-river belt. But it has obvious negative correlation differences in the minimum thickness of meander–river belt. With the increase of width of the meander-river belt, the minimum thickness of the drilled meander-river belt decreases as a whole. The forward model based on the shape of point bar reveals the seismic architecture characteristics formed by the superposition of sand bodies at different positions of point bars. According to these characteristics, the point bars in the meandering zone can be explained. In the Ng33, Ng42, and Ng45 sub-layers of the study area, the corresponding meander-belt widths where the point bar (or point bar connecting body) cannot be effectively identified by well logging and seismic data, are, respectively, 800, 800, and 500 m. At the same time, when the width of the meander belt is greater than 1000 m, three or more than three point bars (or point bar connecting body) can be basically identified in the meander belt. The width of the point bar segments in the meander belt of the three main sub-layers is mostly 300–400 m, and the maximum width of the point bar segments is about 550 m, while the scale of point bars in Ng45 sub-layer meander belt is relatively small. The quantitative characteristics of point bar debris and the determined location of SBM and SIA sand bodies provide limited and valuable data support for the formation and simulation of underground meandering rivers, which are also useful for the model of the target reservoir.
SGLT2 inhibitor treatment is not associated with an increased risk of osteoporotic fractures when compared to GLP-1 receptor agonists: A nationwide cohort study
Authors: Al-Mashhadi Zheer Kejlberg , Viggers Rikke , Starup-Linde Jakob , Vestergaard Peter , Gregersen Søren
Published: August 2022

Background

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is associated with an increased fracture risk. It is debated whether sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors influence fracture risk in T2D. We aimed to investigate the risk of major osteoporotic fractures (MOF) with SGLT2 inhibitors compared to glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists when used as add-on therapies to metformin.

Methods

We conducted a population-based cohort study using Danish national health registries. Diagnoses were obtained from discharge diagnosis codes (ICD-10 and ICD-8-system) from the Danish National Patient Registry, and all redeemed drug prescriptions were obtained from the Danish National Prescription Registry (ATC classification system). Subjects treated with metformin in combination with either SGLT2 inhibitors or GLP-1 receptor agonists were identified and enrolled from 2012 to 2018. Subjects were then propensity-score matched 1:1 based on age, sex, and index date. Major osteoporotic fractures (MOF) were defined as hip, vertebral, humerus, or forearm fractures. A Cox proportional hazards model was utilized to estimate hazard rate ratios (HR) for MOF, and survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier estimator.

Results

In total, 27,543 individuals treated with either combination were identified and included. After matching, 18,390 individuals were included in the main analysis (9,190 in each group). Median follow-up times were 355 [interquartile range (IQR) 126-780] and 372 [IQR 136-766] days in the SGLT2 inhibitor and GLP-1 receptor agonist group, respectively. We found a crude HR of 0.77 [95% CI 0.56-1.04] for MOF with SGLT2 inhibitors compared to GLP-1 receptor agonists. In the fully adjusted model, we obtained an unaltered HR of 0.77 [95% CI 0.56-1.05]. Results were similar across subgroup- and sensitivity analyses.

Conclusion

These results suggest that SGLT2 inhibitors have no effect on fracture risk when compared to GLP-1 receptor agonists. This is in line with results from previous studies.
Vibration therapy as an effective approach to improve bone healing in diabetic rats
Authors: Campos Maysa S. , Volpon José B. , Ximenez João Paulo B. , Franttini Ana Paula , Dalloul Christopher E. , Sousa-Neto Manoel D. , Silva Raquel A. , Kacena Melissa A. , Zamarioli Ariane
Published: August 2022

Objective

To investigate the effects of vibration therapy on fracture healing in diabetic and non-diabetic rats.

Methods

148 rats underwent fracture surgery and were assigned to four groups: (1) SHAM: weight-matched non-diabetic rats, (2) SHAM+VT: non-diabetic rats treated with vibration therapy (VT), (3) DM: diabetic rats, and (4) DM+VT: diabetic rats treated with VT. Thirty days after diabetes induction with streptozotocin, animals underwent bone fracture, followed by surgical stabilization. Three days after bone fracture, rats began VT. Bone healing was assessed on days 14 and 28 post-fracture by serum bone marker analysis, and femurs collected for dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, micro-computed tomography, histology, and gene expression.

Results

Our results are based on 88 animals. Diabetes led to a dramatic impairment of bone healing as demonstrated by a 17% reduction in bone mineral density and decreases in formation-related microstructural parameters compared to non-diabetic control rats (81% reduction in bone callus volume, 69% reduction in woven bone fraction, 39% reduction in trabecular thickness, and 45% in trabecular number). These changes were accompanied by a significant decrease in the expression of osteoblast-related genes (Runx2, Col1a1, Osx), as well as a 92% reduction in serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-1) levels. On the other hand, resorption-related parameters were increased in diabetic rats, including a 20% increase in the callus porosity, a 33% increase in trabecular separation, and a 318% increase in serum C terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen levels. VT augmented osteogenic and chondrogenic cell proliferation at the fracture callus in diabetic rats; increased circulating IGF-1 by 668%, callus volume by 52%, callus bone mineral content by 90%, and callus area by 72%; and was associated with a 19% reduction in circulating receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa beta ligand (RANK-L).

Conclusions

Diabetes had detrimental effects on bone healing. Vibration therapy was effective at counteracting the significant disruption in bone repair induced by diabetes, but did not improve fracture healing in non-diabetic control rats. The mechanical stimulus not only improved bone callus quality and quantity, but also partially restored the serum levels of IGF-1 and RANK-L, inducing bone formation and mineralization, thus creating conditions for adequate fracture repair in diabetic rats.
Antiosteoporosis and bone protective effect of dieckol against glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis in rats
Authors: Wang Hao , Yang Leigang , Chao Junwei
Published: August 2022

Background

Glucocorticoids (GCs) induce osteoporosis, which results in fractures in the bond, causing significant morbidity. In the conducted study, we examined the antiosteoporosis effect of dieckol against GC-induced osteoporosis in rats.

Methods

Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were used for the current study and dexamethasone (2.5 mg/kg) induced osteoporosis in the rats that received the dieckol (test) and alendronate (standard) for 20 weeks. Bone turnover parameters, microCT, antioxidant, inflammatory cytokines, nutrient, and hormones parameters.

Results

Dieckol noticeably suppressed the body weight and boosted the uterine and vagina weight. Dieckol considerably altered the level of trabecular number (Tb. N), the bone volume to total volume (BV/TV), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp), bone surface to bone volume (BS/BV), and t​r​a​b​e​c​u​l​a​r thickness (Tb.Th). Dieckol noticeably (P < 0.001) elevated the level of osteocalcin (OC) and alleviated the level of bone Gla protein (BGP), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and β-CTx. Dieckol markedly boosted the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and suppressed the level of glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) along with the suppression of inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Dieckol remarkably increased the level of calcium, potassium, magnesium, and 25 (OH) vitamin D. Dieckol substantially (P < 0.001) boosted the level of estradiol and alleviated the level of parathyroid hormone and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). Dieckol also suppressed the level of receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) and boosted the level of osteoprotegerin (OPG).

Conclusion

Taken together, our data suggest that dieckol demonstrated the anti-osteoporosis effect against GC-induced osteoporosis in rats.
What is known about neuroplacentology in fetal growth restriction and in preterm infants: A narrative review of literature
Authors: Gardella Barbara , Dominoni Mattia , Scatigno Annachiara Licia , Cesari Stefania , Fiandrino Giacomo , Orcesi Simona , Spinillo Arsenio
Published: August 2022

The placenta plays a fundamental role during pregnancy for fetal growth and development. A suboptimal placental function may result in severe consequences during the infant’s first years of life. In recent years, a new field known as neuroplacentology has emerged and it focuses on the role of the placenta in fetal and neonatal brain development. Because of the limited data, our aim was to provide a narrative review of the most recent knowledge about the relation between placental lesions and fetal and newborn neurological development. Papers published online from 2000 until February 2022 were taken into consideration and particular attention was given to articles in which placental lesions were related to neonatal morbidity and short-term and long-term neurological outcome. Most research regarding the role of placental lesions in neurodevelopment has been conducted on fetal growth restriction and preterm infants. Principal neurological outcomes investigated were periventricular leukomalacia, intraventricular hemorrhages, neonatal encephalopathy and autism spectrum disorder. No consequences in motor development were found. All the considered studies agree about the crucial role played by placenta in fetal and neonatal neurological development and outcome. However, the causal mechanisms remain largely unknown. Knowledge on the pathophysiological mechanisms and on placenta-related risks for neurological problems may provide clues for early interventions aiming to improve neurological outcomes, especially among pediatricians and child psychiatrists.