bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Testing of coherence between monetary policy stimulus, financial flexibility and profitability of manufacturing firms
Authors: Panda Ajaya Kumar , Nanda Swagatika , Hegde Apoorva
Published: December 2022

Purpose

This paper aims to empirically investigate the evidence of the transmission of monetary policy impulses to firm profitability via manufacturing firms’ short-term and long-term corporate financing decisions.

Design/methodology/approach

This study decomposes the receptiveness of firm profitability to monetary policy shock under circumstances of financial flexibility. Additionally, the study extends its scope to undertake a sector-wise analysis of manufacturing firms from 2008 to 2020. Generalized methods of moments (GMM) and quantile regression models are employed.

Findings

The profitability of firms in the chemical, food and machinery sector are positively impacted by short-term financing, whereas the metal sector is positively impacted. But during the tight monetary policy, short-term financing does not appear to be a significant parameter while explaining the firms’ profitability. Secondly, the profitability of firms in the consumer goods and metal sector is positively impacted by long-term financing. Therefore, debt financing of assets could be more appropriate to maximize profitability in these sectors.

Originality/value

Analyzing the transmission of monetary policy impulses to firm profitability by clustering firms with financial flexibility across six key manufacturing sectors makes the study unique.
Challenges and opportunities of SRI sukuk toward financial system sustainability: a bibliometric and systematic literature review
Authors: Delle Foglie Andrea , Keshminder J.S.
Published: December 2022

Purpose

The main objective of this paper is to analyze works of literature on SRI sukuk to highlight the potential for these kinds of instruments in financing more sustainable financial systems (SFSs). The analysis mainly accentuates a dearth of knowledge on the various challenges and opportunities in the realm of SRI.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper pioneers the bibliometric and systematic literature review of the development of the SRI sukuk from 2016 (the first available year in the field) to and 2021.

Findings

The study findings highlighted several pertinent SRI issues: the lack of standardization due to the different interpretations of Shariah and green, the lack of retail investors, which inevitably produce a lack of liquidity in the secondary market, thus limiting their growth, its funding allocation’ close resemblance to green financing, and the role of Malaysia and Indonesia as global sustainable financial hubs to stimulate the development of Shariah-compliant sustainable instruments and contribute to the international debate about the building of a global standardized framework related to sustainable investments.

Originality/value

The integration of the environmental principles of a green bond with the Shariah-compliant financial structure of a sukuk, the SRI sukuk, represents a vital crossroad in both sustainable and Islamic finance. Social-impact sukuk and green sukuk is an undervalued instrument that could play an important role in financing a more sustainable economic and financial system, including Islamic investing. This kind of instruments, which is based on a “pay for success” principle in the conventional layout, perfectly fit with the profit-and-lost sharing’s (PLS's) ethicality, the sustainability principles of Islamic finance and the religious principles of Islamic law.
A bibliometric analysis of the first 20 years of the Journal of Corporate Real Estate
Authors: Maggon Mohita
Published: December 2022

Purpose

Journal of Corporate Real Estate (JCRE) is an international journal of repute. JCRE is an interdisciplinary journal focusing on corporate real estate management and caters to the needs of real estate owners and end-users. The journal's scope includes private and public sector corporate real estate owned and used by businesses to run their operations. This paper aims to analyze the journal's impact using bibliometric analysis from 1998 to 2017 on 380 publications.

Design/methodology/approach

The network analysis is performed using VOSviewer software and Biblioshiny R studio. The mapping presents citation structures, coauthorship patterns, bibliographic coupling and other network analyses.

Findings

The results show that the journal is growing in terms of citations and impact. The findings document various mapping criteria and their summaries. Seven major clusters are identified to delineate the underlying themes of publications in JCRE.

Originality/value

To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper offers the original and first bibliometric analysis of the journal’s impact over the first two decades. The findings are relevant for researchers and real estate stakeholders.
Revealing the factors of re-patronage intention: true behavioral insights in hotel customers
Authors: Badar (Imran) Sarah , Waheed Ajmal
Published: December 2022

Purpose

The rapid shift in the emerging pedagogies of customer behavior has changed the business preferences in the hotel sector. This study prioritizes the hotel's main task to develop customer re-patronage intention. Keeping in line with these factors, this study investigates the impact of customer empowerment on re-patronage intentions through customer value co-creation in the hotel sector of Pakistan. Furthermore, the study examines the moderating impact of sensation-seeking on customers.

Design/methodology/approach

A total of 350 potential customers participated in the online survey using purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Partial least square structural equation modeling was employed using Smart PLS-3 to test the projected hypotheses.

Findings

This study reveals that empowered customers improve their behavior and involvement in value co-creation, which, in turn, increases the prospects of re-patronage intention. Moreover, sensation-seeking moderates between consumer empowerment and customer value co-creation.

Research limitations/implications

Customer-dominant logic and sense-making theory present interesting insights where customer empowerment and value co-creation have a positively significant impact on customer re-patronage intention. Findings also elaborate on a significant mediating role of customer value co-creation activities, which is an interesting call for hotel managers to add thought-sharing ecosystems. The suggested factors add long-lasting results in terms of revenues, performance and global GDP.

Practical implications

It provides guidance for the hotel managers through novel factors that activate the customer to augment an intention to re-patron. Moreover, it provides a direction to add sensation-seeking strategies that strengthen the effects on customer empowerment and value co-creation.

Originality/value

This study has its uniqueness in introducing an environment in hotels where customers are empowered to further actively participate in value co-creation initiatives, along with sensation-seeking acting as a stimulus among them. These factors have greatly impacted the hotel's objectives (i.e. re-patronage intention).
External business knowledge transmission: a conceptual framework
Authors: Labas Alan , Courvisanos Jerry
Published: December 2022

Purpose

This study aims to develop an original conceptual framework to guide research into knowledge transmission between professional external knowledge providers and their business clientele. As such, the framework aims to bridge a gap between theory and practice by explicating the processes which affect knowledge transmission and the conversion of knowledge for business application (i.e. knowledge transference).

Design/methodology/approach

Key concepts from disciplines of knowledge management, information management, communications, services marketing and business advice are reviewed and integrated into the development of this framework. Underpinned by a critical realist philosophical lens, it provides a robust research guide for examining business advisor knowledge actions in a changing open environment.

Findings

This study identifies that the process of knowledge transmission from a source external to a business is more complex than internal knowledge sharing. It addresses this complexity through a knowledge transmission framework, in a research design that is applicable to any methodological paradigm. Real-world application is identified in its applicability for evaluating mechanisms to facilitate knowledge transmission practices of external advisors to small business in regionally isolated communities.

Research limitations/implications

The critical realist research methodology allows for causality in knowledge transmission to emerge; however, no assertion is made that the conceptual framework developed needs any particular philosophical paradigm for its application. Instead, what is asserted is that the research framework developed in this paper is specifically suited to the characteristics of external knowledge providers, their tacit knowledge and the businesses they service.

Originality/value

This study reconceptualises various theoretical perspectives and develops a sequential process for addressing a research lacuna by specifically examining the processes (or connections) between external business advisor’s knowledge and their advisory actions. With these processes clearly established, the role of external knowledge providers, as knowledge transmitters, deepens the understanding of knowledge transference that up until now has focused typically on internal organisation aspects.
Money laundering in Australian casinos
Authors: Langdale John
Published: December 2022

Purpose

This study aims to examine the role of Australian casinos in facilitating money laundering and Chinese capital flight.

Design/methodology/approach

The reports and transcripts of evidence from government inquiries into money laundering in Australian casinos are integrated with analyses of Asian transnational crime.

Findings

Money laundering in Australian casinos is linked to transnational crime and Chinese capital flight. A central finding is that junket operators play a key role in facilitating money laundering. The casinos are particularly exposed to criminal influences in the Chinese very important person gambling market, since they have used junket operators and underground banks, many of whom are closely linked to major Chinese criminal groups from Hong Kong and Macau.

Research limitations/implications

Very little information is available on money laundering in Australian casinos and this research has relied on the government inquiries that have been conducted over the past two years on the subject.

Practical implications

The author’s focus on money laundering in Australian casinos in the context of Asia-Pacific transnational crime is important for Federal and state government regulators grappling with the rapidly changing money laundering issues. The government inquiries recognised that the money laundering was related to transnational crime, but did not have the time and resources to explore the topic. The paper provides state government casino regulators and financial crime regulators with a broader international perspective to anticipate future money laundering and crime pressures facing Australia’s casinos.

Social implications

Money laundering in Australian casinos has had devastating social implications on the community. My research helps to focus attention on the problems of transnational crime and money laundering.

Originality/value

Little research has examined the linkages between casinos and transnational crime. This study has found that Australian casinos were used to launder the proceeds of illegal drug trafficking and to facilitate Chinese capital flight. While casinos have been forced by damming government inquiries to tighten anti-money laundering controls, it is likely that there will be pressure to relax these controls in the future because of competitive pressure from other casinos in the Asia-Pacific region.
Exploring the buffer effect of intrinsic interest on the relationship between idea implementation and negative workplace gossip
Authors: Yuan Yue , Wu Zhiming , Zhang Qi
Published: December 2022

Purpose

Although idea implementation is a praised useful resource, the psychological and behavioral costs that employees may pay for idea implementation are rarely discussed. This study aims to examine the buffer effect of intrinsic interest on dark side of idea implementation.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on the conservation of resources theory, this study tested hypotheses with a multi-wave survey study of four information technology companies in China.

Findings

First, idea implementation increased emotional exhaustion. Second, emotional exhaustion mediated the relationship between employee idea implementation and negative workplace gossip about a leader. Third, intrinsic interest negatively moderated the relationship between idea implementation and emotional exhaustion. Fourth, idea implementation increased workplace negative gossip about a leader as a result of increased emotional exhaustion when intrinsic interest was low.

Originality/value

These findings are conducive to further understanding of the psychological mechanism and boundary condition of the negative impact of idea implementation. It provides practical guidance for buffering the dark side of idea implementation and effectively controlling the workplace negative gossip in the workplace.
Predicting customer loyalty to Airbnb using PLS-SEM: the role of authenticity, interactivity, involvement and customer engagement
Authors: Sallaku Rezarta , Vigolo Vania
Published: December 2022

Purpose

Drawing on social exchange theory, this study clarifies the roles of authenticity, interactivity and involvement in predicting customer engagement (CE) and, ultimately, customer loyalty towards an online peer-to-peer accommodation platform. In addition, the study explores the effect of interactivity in increasing authenticity.

Design/methodology/approach

Data were collected through an online questionnaire of a sample of Italian tourists who had previously booked a service on Airbnb. The analyses were conducted by adopting partial least squares structural equation modelling.

Findings

The model has high power in predicting customer loyalty to an online peer-to-peer accommodation platform. Specifically, involvement is the primary predictor of CE and customer loyalty. Authenticity and interactivity also have a significant and positive effect both on CE and customer loyalty. In addition, CE partially mediates the relationship between authenticity, interactivity and involvement and customer loyalty. Finally, interactivity has a significant positive effect on authenticity.

Practical implications

The results encourage hospitality service providers to invest in the creation (and co-creation) of authentic experiences to increase CE and customer loyalty. Hospitality managers can also enhance CE by increasing involvement and interaction with customers through various touchpoints (online and offline) in different moments of the customer journey.

Originality/value

This study proposes an original model to predict customer loyalty to peer-to-peer hospitality platforms. The findings shed new light on the drivers of CE and provide empirical support for the mediating effect of CE. The study also contributes to the literature on authenticity by demonstrating the positive effect of interactivity on authenticity.
Stakeholders’ perception of accessible tourism implementation based on corporate sustainability and responsibility: a SEM-based investigation
Authors: Shahzalal Md. , Elgammal Islam
Published: December 2022

Purpose

In spite of the increased interest of academics, there has not been a thorough examination of the actors and factors of accessible tourism (AT) development. The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between stakeholders’ attitudes, collaborative intervention and corporate sustainability and responsibility (CS&R) and the implementation of accessible tourism (IAT).

Design/methodology/approach

Focus group discussion, an expert content validity test and structural equation modelling were all used as part of a mixed-methods approach. At the longest sea beach in the world, located in Bangladesh, data was collected from the tourism stakeholders using an on-site questionnaire survey.

Findings

Stakeholders’ attitude is significantly related to their collaborative intervention, but accessibility inclusive corporate substantiality and responsibility (AICSR) mediates the relationships between attitude and implementation, as well as collaborative intervention and implementation. As a result, AICSR is identified as a key driver in the IAT.

Research limitations/implications

Purposive sampling was used to select stakeholders from Bangladesh’s most popular tourist destination. Nonetheless, the statistically valid model of this exploratory study can be tested for generalization in other contexts with a large sample size. The findings will bring diverse stakeholders to light and encourage barrier-free tourist growth that could improve the destinations’ comparative advantage and competitiveness.

Originality/value

This study is, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, one of the first studies to use rigorous quantitative methods to investigate AT implementation with a focus on CS&R. It adds to the existing AT literature by providing a scale and model of IAT while highlighting the extent to which AT can be implemented within CS&R.
A systematic review on high speed selective jet electrodeposition manufacturing
Authors: Deshmukh Vimal Kumar , Rajput Mridul Singh , Narang H.K.
Published: December 2022

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to present current state of understanding on jet electrodeposition manufacturing; to compare various experimental parameters and their implication on as deposited features; and to understand the characteristics of jet electrodeposition deposition defects and its preventive procedures through available research articles.

Design/methodology/approach

A systematic review has been done based on available research articles focused on jet electrodeposition and its characteristics. The review begins with a brief introduction to micro-electrodeposition and high-speed selective jet electrodeposition (HSSJED). The research and developments on how jet electrochemical manufacturing are clustered with conventional micro-electrodeposition and their developments. Furthermore, this study converges on comparative analysis on HSSJED and recent research trends in high-speed jet electrodeposition of metals, their alloys and composites and presents potential perspectives for the future research direction in the final section.

Findings

Edge defect, optimum nozzle height and controlled deposition remain major challenges in electrochemical manufacturing. On-situ deposition can be used as initial structural material for micro and nanoelectronic devices. Integration of ultrasonic, laser and acoustic source to jet electrochemical manufacturing are current trends that are promising enhanced homogeneity, controlled density and porosity with high precision manufacturing.

Originality/value

This paper discusses the key issue associated to high-speed jet electrodeposition process. Emphasis has been given to various electrochemical parameters and their effect on deposition. Pros and cons of variations in electrochemical parameters have been studied by comparing the available reports on experimental investigations. Defects and their preventive measures have also been discussed. This review presented a summary of past achievements and recent advancements in the field of jet electrochemical manufacturing.
Long noncoding RNA MALAT1 inhibition attenuates sepsis‐induced acute lung injury through modulating the miR‐129‐5p/PAX6/ZEB2 axis
Authors: Li Ying , Xiao Wenbiao , Lin Xiao
Published: December 2022

This research aimed to investigate the role of the long noncoding RNA metastasis‐associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1)/microRNA‐129‐5p (miR‐129‐5p)/paired box gene 6 (PAX6) axis in sepsis‐induced acute lung injury (ALI). MLE‐12 cells and C57BL/6 mice were induced by LPS to establish lung injury in in vitro and in vivo models. Cell viability and apoptosis were measured by cell counting kit‐8 assay and TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling) staining, respectively. Levels of inflammatory cytokines in cell supernatants and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were detected by ELISA. Lung injury was evaluated by lung wet weight‐to‐dry weight ratio and hematoxylin–eosin staining. MALAT1, PAX6, and zinc finger E‐box–binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) expression was elevated and miR‐129‐5p expression was reduced in the serum of patients with sepsis‐induced ALI, LPS‐induced MLE‐12 cells, and lung tissues of ALI mice. MALAT1 interference delayed the LPS‐induced cell proliferation decrease, apoptosis increase, and inflammatory factor increase. miR‐129‐5p inhibition could reverse the delaying effect of MALAT1 interference on LPS‐induced lung cell injury. PAX6 overexpression (oe) reversed the inhibitory effect of miR‐129‐5p oe on LPS‐induced lung cell injury. Downregulating MALAT1 reduced pulmonary edema, inflammatory cytokine levels, lung injury, and apoptosis in ALI mice. Moreover, miR‐129‐5p suppression or PAX6 oe reversed the delaying effect of MALAT1 interference on sepsis‐induced ALI. MALAT1 aggravates sepsis‐induced ALI via the miR‐129‐5p/PAX6/ZEB2 axis.
Density‐dependent dispersal strategy of pollinator moderates the adverse effect of habitat loss on plant reproduction: An integrated model based on pollinators' behavioural response
Authors: Jiao Le , Zhang Peng , Zhang Heyue , Shao Dongdong , Yang Wei , Sun Tao
Published: December 2022

Major challenges for plant conservation are predicting the effect of habitat loss on pollination success and plant reproduction potential. Most studies report that pollinator movement is affected by quantitative and spatial characteristics of landscapes. However, little is known about the role of pollinator movement, impacted by floral volatiles and intraspecies interaction, on plant reproduction in fragmented landscapes.

To clarify the effect of pollinator movement on plant reproduction relative to habitat loss, we developed an integrated model incorporating pollinator's foraging response with its dispersal process mediated by a density‐dependent dispersal (DDD) strategy. This model performed better in capturing behaviour response of pollinators than do current methods. The integrated model was verified with field results of pollinator visitation and plant reproduction of saltcedar Tamarix chinensis inhabiting the Yellow River Delta, and then was compared against a dispersal strategy called density‐independent dispersal (DID). The model was applied to landscapes with various non‐habitat percentage (NHP) to explore the effect of habitat loss on plant reproduction.

Results suggested that saltcedar populations differ in their responses to habitat loss, which depended on the spatial scales considered. At landscape scale, increasing NHP significantly inhibited dispersion extent of floral volatiles and therefore reduced pollinator visitation and subsequent seed production, especially when NHP exceeded the critical threshold of 0.6. However, at patch scale, comparing with DID strategy, the DDD strategy enabled pollinators to increase their utilization of flowers by 43.42% and 6.79% in low‐density and distant plant patches, whereas their utilization was reduced by 7.75% and 2.24% in high‐density and central patches, respectively. Plant reproduction was improved correspondingly in low‐density and distant patches under different NHPs.

Consequently, habitat loss inhibits the volatile dispersion and interferes the foraging success of pollinators, a major factor influencing plant reproduction at landscape scale. At patch scale, adaptive utilization of pollinators exhibiting DDD strategy alleviates the negative effect of habitat loss on plant production, and maintain plant population persistence. Since pollinator behavioural response is critical to plant reproduction, we recommend the use of the here presented integrated model to assess the impact of habitat loss on plant reproduction.

Read the free Plain Language Summary for this article on the Journal blog.
The effects of stimulus‐driven and goal‐directed attentional control on word reading skills among first‐grade Chinese children
Authors: Liu Sisi , Xu Zhengye , Liu Duo
Published: December 2022

Background

Visual–spatial attention is associated with reading development, but we do not know whether this is primarily driven by the deployment of goal‐directed or stimulus‐driven attention.

Method

One hundred ninety‐four Chinese‐speaking first graders completed two visual search tasks, in which they searched for a target among a number of distractor items. In the feature search task, the orientation of the target was different from that of the distractors (i.e., a horizontal line amid vertical lines), whereas in the conjunction search, the target was defined by a combination of orientation and colour (i.e., a red horizontal line among red vertical lines and green horizontal lines). They then completed two reading tasks in addition to morphological awareness, rapid naming, vocabulary, nonverbal intelligence, and verbal working memory tasks.

Results

Accuracy in the conjunction, but not feature, search was positively correlated with Chinese character recognition and reading fluency. Moreover, conjunction search accuracy explained unique variance in character recognition accuracy after controlling for morphological awareness, rapid naming, and vocabulary, as well as age, nonverbal intelligence, and verbal working memory. Additionally, children with good reading skills tended to show smaller decreases in search accuracy with larger set sizes than those with poor reading skills.

Conclusions

The data suggest that reading is associated with goal‐directed but not stimulus‐driven visual–spatial attention. This non‐linguistic ability appears to contribute to reading beyond established reading‐related linguistic skills.
Relapsing pericarditis: Peripheral blood neutrophilia, lymphopenia and high neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio herald acute attacks, high‐grade inflammation, multiserosal involvement, and predict multiple recurrences
Authors: Tombetti Enrico , Casarin Francesca , Bizzi Emanuele , Bezer Sofia , Mascolo Ruggiero , Pallini Giada , Gabiati Claudia , Bonaventura Aldo , Trotta Lucia , Pancrazi Massimo , Maestroni Silvia , Brucato Antonio
Published: December 2022

Aims

To identify peripheral blood cellular correlates of active pericarditis and to verify whether peripheral blood neutrophils, lymphocytes and the neutrophil to‐lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are associated with disease phenotype or prognosis.

Methods

Observational prospective study on a cohort of 63 patients with idiopathic pericarditis followed for 12 months after each pericarditis recurrence. Two distinct analyses were performed: the “index attack” analysis focused on the first pericarditis episode in each patient, while the “all attacks” analysis included all episodes occurring during the study.

Results

Absolute and relative neutrophilia and lymphopenia, together with high NLR, were observed during active pericarditis, as compared with disease remission, at both analyses. Neutrophils showed a positive correlation with plasma C‐reactive protein levels, while lymphocyte count showed a negative correlation. Relative neutrophil count was higher, and lymphocyte count lower in patients with pleural effusion; a higher NLR and lower absolute lymphocyte count were observed in those with peritoneal involvement. No correlations were found between peripheral blood neutrophil or lymphocyte counts and size of pericardial effusion, or with the presence of myocardial involvement. Peripheral neutrophilia, lymphopenia and NLR during acute attacks predicted the number of recurrences in the following 12 months.

Conclusions

Peripheral blood neutrophilia and lymphopenia are typical of acute idiopathic pericarditis. Acute attacks of pericarditis are associated with neutrophilia and lymphopenia, as compared with disease remission. During acute attacks, neutrophilia and lymphopenia reflect the extent of serosal inflammation and could help to customize therapeutic management after remission has been achieved.
The risk of myocardial infarction and heart failure in patients with gouty arthritis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wu Qinglin , Fu Chuangong , Lu Zhifu
Published: December 2022

Objective

By performing a meta‐analysis of published cohort studies, this review aims to evaluate the association between gouty arthritis (GA) and the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) and heart failure (HF), hence providing evidence for clinical management.

Methods

Five electronic databases were searched from inception to July 28, 2022. Relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated by random‐effect model or fixed‐effect model to evaluate the association between GA and the risk of MI and HF, respectively.

Results

Eleven articles containing 13 studies were finally selected for meta‐analysis which covered 408 443 GA patients and 10 402 777 non‐GA patients. The results showed that GA was associated with the risk of MI and HF (MI: RR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.45–2.11; HF: RR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.91–2.10). And subgroup analysis showed that female GA patients had a higher risk of MI and HF than male GA patients. Further, younger GA patients had a higher risk of MI than older patients (≤44 years: RR = 2.82, 95% CI: 1.38–5.79; 45–69: RR = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.22–2.82; ≥70: RR = 1.52, 95% CI: 1.22–1.88). GA patients were mainly associated with the occurrence of non‐fatal MI (fatal MI: RR = 1.37, 95% CI: 0.76–2.48; non‐fatal MI: RR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.45–2.11).

Conclusions

GA is correlated with the risk of MI and HF. Both male and female GA patients have an increased risk of MI and HF. Meanwhile, female GA patients or younger GA patients have a higher risk of MI and HF.
Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis syndrome with mandibular involvement: Would surgical operation help?
Authors: Liu Yuchen , Wu Xia , Cao Yihan , Liu Shengyan , Ma Mingwei , Li Chen
Published: December 2022

Background

Synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome is a rare autoinflammatory disease; its primary manifestation includes osteoarthropathy with skin involvement. Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, such as tofacitinib, were used for rheumatoid arthritis; however, due to its downregulation of immune cytokines including interleukin (IL)‐6 and IL‐8, it might be effective for SAPHO patients.

Case summary

We report the 1st case of mandibular‐related SAPHO syndrome treated with tofacitinib. The patient underwent mandibular resection surgery twice and postoperative pathology showed “osteomyelitis”. The patient developed sclerosing osteomyelitis in the left wrist 9 months after surgery and SAPHO syndrome was diagnosed. The patient was administered nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs and corticosteroids therapy without much remission. A 3‐month tofacitinib therapy provided remission from both systemic inflammation status and peripheral osteoarticular symptoms and no significant recurrence was observed during follow‐up in this case.

Conclusion

Mandibular involvement in SAPHO syndrome is easily misdiagnosed due to its rarity. Mandibular resection surgery should be applied carefully; after systemic treatment with tofacitinib, the patient had remission. We provide a successful experience for the treatment of mandibular‐related SAPHO syndrome.
Usefulness of serum S100A4 and positron‐emission tomography on lung cancer accompanied by interstitial pneumonia
Authors: Kagimoto Atsushi , Tsutani Yasuhiro , Kushitani Kei , Kambara Takahiro , Mimae Takahiro , Miyata Yoshihiro , Takeshima Yukio , Okada Morihito
Published: December 2022

Background

The S100 calcium‐binding protein A4 (S100A4) and the accumulation of [18F]‐fluoro‐2‐deoxy‐D‐glucose (FDG) in noncancerous interstitial pneumonia (IP) area are predictors of postoperative acute exacerbation (AE) of IP after pulmonary resection for lung cancer with IP. However, the significance of combining these markers for predicting short‐term outcome and long‐term prognosis is not known.

Methods

Patients diagnosed with IP on preoperative high‐resolution computed tomography and who had undergone pulmonary resection for primary lung cancer between April 2010 and March 2019 at Hiroshima University were included in this study. Predictive factors for the cumulative incidence of death from other than lung cancer (CIDOL) were investigated using the Fine and Gray model. CIDOL, perioperative outcome, and cumulative incidence of all death (CIAD) were retrospectively compared based on serum S100A4 and FDG accumulation.

Results

A total of 121 patients were included in this study. High S100A4 (hazard ratio [HR], 2.541; p = 0.006) and FDG accumulation (HR, 3.199; p = 0.038) were significant predictors of CIDOL. AE of IP occurred only in patients with high S100A4/FDG (+). CIDOL of patients with high S100A4/FDG (+) was higher than those with high S100A4/FDG (−) or low S100A4/FDG (+) (p < 0.001), and CIAD of patients with high S100A4/FDG (+) was also higher than those with high S100A4/FDG (−) or low S100A4/FDG (+) patients (p = 0.021).

Conclusions

Serum S100A4 and FDG accumulation in the noncancerous IP area were significant predictors of CIDOL after lung resection for lung cancer with IP and may help decide the treatment strategy.
Frequency of blood lactate elevation following esophagectomy and its association to postoperative complications
Authors: Linde Henrik , Bartusevicius Vilhelmas , Norberg Åke , Klevebro Fredrik , Grip Jonathan
Published: December 2022

Background

Esophagectomy is a major surgical intervention and a cornerstone in the treatment of esophageal cancer. There is clinical experience that blood lactate concentration often is elevated in the period following esophagectomy, but the incidence and clinical consequences are sparsely studied.

Methods

We extracted data from all patients undergoing esophagectomy at Karolinska University Hospital 2016–2018, n = 153. Most were performed with minimally invasive technique, n = 130. Blood lactate values directly after surgery, highest value during the first night, and morning level on postoperative day one were recorded. Primary outcome was hospital length of stay and secondary outcome was a composite of postoperative infection, additional surgery, or intensive care during the hospital stay. Development of anastomotic leak was analyzed separately.

Results

Postoperative hyperlactatemia was common as 93% of patients had peak lactate concentration >1.6 mmol/L and 27% >3.5 mmol/L in the first night following operation. Median hospital length of stay was 14 days. Blood lactate showed a weak correlation to hospital stay and intensive care the morning following surgery, but not at arrival to postoperative ward. There were no statistical differences between those with and without anastomotic leak at any of the time points. Elevated lactate in the first 12–16 h postoperatively was related to surgical factors (open technique, surgery time, and perioperative bleeding) but not to patient related factors (ASA‐class, Charlson comorbidity index, sex, age) or cumulative fluid balance.

Conclusion

In conclusion, elevated blood lactate in the immediate time following esophagectomy showed a weak association to intensive care and length of stay but not anastomotic leak.
Impact of product market competition on real activity manipulation: Moderating role of managerial ability
Authors: Biswas Pallab Kumar , Ranasinghe Dinithi , Tan Eric K. M.
Published: December 2022

In this study, we examine whether managerial ability moderates the association between product market competition and real earnings management. Prior literature largely supports the disciplinary effect of competition, suggesting that competition reduces real activity manipulation. We argue that this association is different depending on the level of managerial ability. Based on the reputation hypothesis, we argue that able managers negatively moderate the association between competition and real activity manipulation. Using a sample of US listed companies from 1997 to 2016, we find evidence to support our moderating assertion. A battery of robustness tests validates our original findings.
“The Old Colonial Power Can Stand Proxy”: The Royal Commission into British Nuclear Tests in Australia and the Politics of the 1980s
Authors: Urwin Jessica
Published: December 2022

When Justice James “Diamond Jim” McClelland took to London to “tip […] buckets” on the British establishment for their role in the nuclear tests in Australia, the judge secured his place in history as the defender of independent Australian nationalism. The Royal Commission into British Nuclear Tests in Australia (1984–85) thus reinforced a narrative of Australian victimhood at the hands of an overzealous British establishment, largely obfuscating Australian colonial complicity. Through its specific terms of reference, the Commission ignored contemporary debates surrounding uranium and land rights policies in an effort to alleviate some of Australia's “colonial cringe”, the weight of which was becoming unbearable in the lead‐up to the Bicentenary. This article undertakes a deeper examination of the Royal Commission to tease out some of the historical motives behind the politics of the inquiry, demonstrating that the Commission served a greater political purpose than merely seeking justice for nuclear damages.
Aging and labor share of income in Korea
Authors: Park Donghyun , Shin Kwanho
Published: December 2022

A growing body of evidence points to a decline in the labor share of income. A sizable empirical literature delves into the relationship between technological progress, globalization, and market concentration and labor's declining income share, which can exacerbate income inequality. Population aging has often been put forth as a factor that worsens income inequality. However, few studies have empirically examined the nexus between aging and the labor share, a potentially significant driver of inequality. In this study, we use industry‐level data to investigate the nexus in Korea, a rapidly aging country where inequality has emerged as a big social and economic issue. We find a positive and significant association between aging and labor share. Hence, at least in Korea, we do not find that aging exacerbates income inequality by reducing labor's income share. In addition, our evidence suggests that labor share has a negative link with both information and communication technology capital and robots.
Effects of rifampicin on porphyrin metabolism in healthy volunteers
Authors: Tolonen Hanna , Ranta Sirpa , Hämäläinen Esa , Kauppinen Raili , Hukkanen Janne
Published: December 2022

Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is known to stimulate haem synthesis, but detailed knowledge on the effects of PXR activation on porphyrin metabolism in humans is lacking. We utilized a randomized, crossover, open (blinded laboratory) and placebo‐controlled trial with 600‐mg rifampicin or placebo dosed for a week to investigate the effects of PXR activation on erythrocyte, plasma, faecal and urine porphyrins. Sixteen healthy volunteers participated on the trial, but the number of volunteers for blood and urine porphyrin analyses was 15 while the number of samples for faecal analyses was 14. Rifampicin increased urine pentaporphyrin concentration 3.7‐fold (mean 1.80 ± 0.6 vs. 6.73 ± 4.4 nmol/L, p = 0.003) in comparison with placebo. Urine coproporphyrin I increased 23% (p = 0.036). Faecal protoporphyrin IX decreased (mean 31.6 ± 23.5 vs. 19.2 ± 27.8 nmol/g, p = 0.023). The number of blood erythrocytes was slightly elevated, and plasma bilirubin, catabolic metabolite of haem, was decreased. In conclusion, rifampicin dosing elevated the excretion of certain urinary porphyrin metabolites and decreased faecal protoporphyrin IX excretion. As urine pentaporphyrin and coproporphyrin I are not precursors in haem biosynthesis, increased excretion may serve as a hepatoprotective shunt when haem synthesis or porphyrin levels are increased.
Efficacy of prophylactic pre‐operative desmopressin administration during functional endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised placebo‐controlled trials
Authors: Alrajhi Abdullah Abdulaziz , Alghamdi Abdullah Shakhs , Baali Mohammed Hassan , Altowairqi Abdulaziz Fahad , Khan Meshal Fahad , Alharthi Ahmad Saad , Albazee Ebraheem , Abu‐Zaid Ahmed
Published: December 2022

Objectives

To examine the efficacy of prophylactic desmopressin versus placebo among patients undergoing functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).

Design

Systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs).

Setting

The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were screened from inception until 18 March 2022.

Participants

Patients undergoing FESS.

Main outcome measures

Primary efficacy endpoints comprised intraoperative blood loss, visual clarity, and operation time. Secondary endpoints comprised side effects. The efficacy endpoints were summarised as risk ratio (RR) or mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI).

Results

Five RCTs comprising 380 patients (desmopressin = 191 patients and placebo = 189 patients) were included. Collectively, the included RCTs had an overall low risk of bias. The pooled results showed that the mean intraoperative blood loss (n = 5 RCTs, MD = –37.97 ml, 95% CI [−56.97, −18.96], p < .001), 5‐point Boezaart scores (n = 2 RCTs, MD = –.97, 95% CI [−1.21, −.74], p < .001), and 10‐point Boezaart scores (n = 2 RCTs, MD = −3.00, 95% CI [−3.61, −2.40], p < .001) were significantly reduced in favour of the desmopressin group compared with the placebo group. Operation time did not significantly differ between both groups (n = 5 RCTs, MD = –3.73 min, 95% CI [−14.65, 7.18], p = .50). No patient in both groups developed symptomatic hyponatremia (n = 3 RCTs, 194 patients) or thromboembolic events (n = 2 RCTs, 150 patients).

Conclusions

Among patients undergoing FESS, prophylactic administration of desmopressin does not correlate with significant clinical benefits. Data on safety is limited. Future research may explore the synergistic antihaemorrhagic efficacy and safety of tranexamic acid (TXA) plus desmopressin versus TXA alone among patients undergoing FESS.
Comparison of transnasal esophagoscopy and sedated esophagogastroduodenoscopy in the assessment of laryngopharyngeal reflux
Authors: Horvath Lukas , Fostiropoulos Karolos , Burri Emanuel , Kraft Marcel
Published: December 2022

Objective

Transnasal esophagoscopy (TNE) in the awake patient and esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in sedation are both used in the assessment of laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). The objective of this study was to compare these two endoscopic methods in contributing to the diagnosis of LPR.

Methods

This study included 54 patients presenting with signs and symptoms suspicious for LPR, which were examined both by TNE and EGD. The contribution of each method to the diagnosis of LPR was evaluated separately and then compared with each other.

Results

In detecting LPR, TNE showed a significant higher sensitivity (94% vs. 60%) and accuracy (93% vs. 59%) than EGD, but their specificity was equal (50% each). The most common pathologic findings in both methods were a hiatal hernia (70% vs. 48%) and gaping cardia (69% vs. 24%), followed by peptic esophagitis (41% vs. 24%).

Conclusion

The value of EGD is limited in the workup of LPR, as sedation tends to mask the subtle findings in this kind of reflux disease.
Anterior spinal hardware erosion of the pharyngoesophagus: A difficult reconstructive challenge—Our experience in nine patients
Authors: Peddireddy Nithin S. , Yalamanchi Pratyusha , Kashlan Osama , Park Paul , Reddy Rishindra M. , Chinn Steven B. , Casper Keith A. , Malloy Kelly M. , Stucken Chaz L. , Prince Mark E. P. , Rosko Andrew J. , Spector Matthew E.
Published: December 2022

Key Points

Pharyngoesophageal perforation secondary to anterior spinal hardware erosion is a difficult dilemma with many reconstructive options available.

Multidisciplinary approach with thoracic surgery and neurosurgery is critical and can lead to excellent post‐operative swallowing outcomes.

Patients who have a history of radiation to the head and neck benefit from the use of tissue flaps.

Culture‐directed antibiotic use is important to ensure surgical healing and given the risk of salivary fistula.

After reconstruction, there may be need for further, less invasive interventions such as diverticulectomy or oesophageal dilation.
Speaking of Kinds: How Correcting Generic Statements can Shape Children's Concepts
Authors: Foster‐Hanson Emily , Leslie Sarah‐Jane , Rhodes Marjorie
Published: December 2022

Generic language (e.g., “tigers have stripes”) leads children to assume that the referenced category (e.g.,tigers) is inductively informative and provides a causal explanation for the behavior of individual members. In two preregistered studies with 4‐ to 7‐year‐old children (N= 497), we considered the mechanisms underlying these effects by testing how correcting generics might affect the development of these beliefs about novel social and animal kinds (Study 1) and about gender (Study 2). Correcting generics by narrowing their scope to a single individual limited beliefs that the referenced categories could explain what their members would be like while broadening the scope to a superordinate category (Study 2) uniquely limited endorsement of gender norms. Across both studies, correcting generics didnotalter beliefs about feature heritability and had mixed effects on inductive inferences, suggesting that additional mechanisms (e.g., causal reasoning about shared features) contribute to the development of full‐blown essentialist beliefs. These results help illuminate the mechanisms by which generics lead children to view categories as having rich inductive and causal potential; in particular, they suggest that children interpret generics as signals that speakers in their community view the referenced categories as meaningful kinds that support generalization. The findings also point the way to concrete suggestions for how adults can effectively correct problematic generics (e.g., gender stereotypes) that children may hear in daily life.
Deregulation of HSF1‐mediated endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response promotes cisplatin resistance in lung cancer cells
Authors: Zhang Min , Duan Xiaoyu , Wang Lu , Wen Jing , Fang Pingfei
Published: December 2022

Mild hypothermia can induce apoptotic cell death in many cancer cells, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. In a genetic screen in Caenorhabditis elegans, we found that impaired endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response (UPRER) increased animal survival after cold shock. Consistently, in normal human lung cells, decreasing culture temperature from 37 to 30 °C activated UPRER and promoted cell death. However, lung adenocarcinoma cells were impaired in UPRER induction and resistant to hypothermia‐induced cell death. Mechanistically, hypothermic stress increased HSF1 levels, which in turn activated UPRER to promote apoptotic cell death. HSF1 expression was associated with UPRER genes in normal tissues, but such association was lost in many cancers, especially lung adenocarcinoma. Activating UPRER enhanced the cytotoxicity of chemotherapy drugs cisplatin preferentially in cancer cells. Consistently, cancer patients with higher UPRER expression had generally better prognosis. Together, our study on hypothermia has led to the discovery of HSF1‐UPRER in the regulation of drug sensitivity in lung cancer cells, providing novel thoughts on developing new strategies against chemoresistance.