bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Nomenclatural standards of strawberry cultivars bred by Sverdlovsk Horticultural Breeding Station
Authors: Nevostrueva E. Yu. , Bagmet L. V.
Published: November 2024

The article informs on the nomenclatural standards of 8 strawberry cultivars bred by Sverdlovsk Horticultural Breeding Station: ‘Akvarelʹ’ (WIR-108162), ‘Altyn’ (WIR-108163), ‘Viola’ (WIR-108166), ‘Gejzer’ (WIR-108167), ‘Darenka’ (WIR-108168), ‘Due`t’ (WIR-108169), ‘Torpeda’ (WIR-108171), ‘Forsazh’ (WIR-108172). Plant material for nomenclatural standards was selected and identified in the collection of the originator organization by the curator of the strawberry collection. The herbarium sample of the nomenclatural standard of each cultivar is represented by herbarium sheet containing parts of one plant collected in two periods: flowers ‒ during the flowering period; fruits and annual shoots ‒ during the fruiting period. The herbarium label indicates: the herbarium number of the sample in the VIR Herbarium, the scientific name of the species, the name of the cultivar, the origin (the name of the organization in which the cultivar was created), the place of reproduction (where the plant was grown), the dates of collecting, the names of collectors. Herbarium sheets are supplemented with photos of fruits, flowers and general habitus of the plant. Nomenclature standards are made in accordance with the recommendations of the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants (ICNCP), registered in the database "VIR Herbarium" and included in the type collection of Herbarium of cultivated plants of the world, their wild relatives and weeds (WIR). The nomenclatural standards store the original genetic and morphological information on the studied strawberry cultivars and serve as an official document of the cultivar as a breeding achievements.
Bacterization of potato micro-plants in vitro by Streptomyces rhizobacteria increases the efficiency of cultivation
Authors: Shirokikh I. G. , Mokrushina S. E. , Abubakirova R. I.
Published: November 2024

In order to grow high-quality seed potatoes more efficiently, it is necessary constantly to improve cultivation technologies and accelerated reproduction of in vitro material under aseptic conditions. During the research it has been established that inoculation with a local strain of Streptomyces minoensis KR-10, which was isolated from the rhizosphere of Urtica dioica L. with the help of selective reception, allows to optimize the conditions of in vitro cultivation of the material at the cloning stages. The strain is characterized by phytostimulating activity, the ability to synthesize auxins (18.7±1.0 µg/ml), high radial growth rate (65.7±8.8 µm/h) and colonizing ability (105–108 CFU/g depending on the type of plant tissue). The optimal inoculation method was identified, which provides for sequential dipping of micro gears into a bacterial suspension, and the titer of the bacterial suspension (105 CFU/ml) was determined, contributing to an increase in the reproduction coefficient of the promising breeding number 172-13 and the ‘Pransa’ cultivar. The severity of bacterization effects depended on the genotypic characteristics of potatoes. Inoculation with S. minoensis strain KR-10 made it possible to reduce the proportion of morphoses among in vitro material number 172-13 by 2.5 times. The developed techniques are able to increase the efficiency of growing potato biomaterial in the process of accelerated clonal reproduction.
Use and assessment of the current state of soils of the most fertile lands of the southeastern Baikal region
Authors: Belozertseva I. A. , Lopatina D. N.
Published: November 2024

Based on the results of the work carried out by the authors in 2023-2024 the article describes the use and level of fertility of soils of agricultural use of the southeastern Baikal region (Bayandaevsky and Ekhirit-Bulagatsky districts of the Irkutsk region). The area of agricultural land in the region is 48 %, of which more than half is not used in agriculture, abandoned since the 1990-s, after the «restructuring» of the government system. The region has relatively good natural and climatic conditions (levelled relief, the sum of active temperatures up to 1800°С, the duration of the warm period to 104 days, the absence of permafrost, etc.). There was proposed a scale of qualitative assessment of the possibility of using land in agriculture, developed an assessment of the state of soil fertility, taking into account their regional characteristics. It has been established that the soils of most of the territory according to the main agrophysical and agrochemical indicators (density, content of the fraction of «physical clay», humus, nitrates, agronomically valuable aggregates, mobile phosphorus and potassium) are  assessed as «good» (sometimes «excellent», rarely «unsatisfactory»). «Excellent» soil condition is observed in the background territories untouched by human economic activity. According to such agrophysical indicators as the content of the fraction of physical clay, and sometimes agronomically valuable aggregates and soil density, they are mainly «unsatisfactory» and «bad» for their use for growing agricultural crops, which is mainly due to natural factors (rocks). There is a reserve of agricultural land for use in the form of abandoned land. The soils of most of the abandoned lands of the studied areas have a good and average level of fertility and can be introduced into agricultural circulation.
The relationship of the distribution of ROH in the genome of Russian snow-white chickens with productive and adaptive traits, depending on the direction of selection
Authors: Fedorova E. S. , Dementieva N. V. , Stanishevskaya O. I. , Ryabova A. E.
Published: November 2024

In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to the problem of preserving the genetic diversity of farm animals and poultry. However, an indispensable condition for the economic feasibility of preserving any breed is not only its uniqueness, but also the possibility of practical use. An example is the Russian snow-white breed of chickens in the VNIIGRZh bioresource collection. It was developed by breeding of Russian white chickens for thermal resistance at low temperature conditions, as well as for resistance to neoplastic diseases. Currently, this breed is specialized for the purposes of the bio-industry (raw materials for the production of embryonic viral vaccines). The change in the direction of breeding work led to a modification of the genetic structure of the population. Constant selective pressure on one particular trait can lead to a decrease in variability around the genomic regions associated with that trait. Therefore, understanding the genetic mechanisms leading to phenotypic differentiation requires the identification of regions in the genome that were under selection pressure. The study of runs of  homozygosity (ROH) rates can provide useful information about the history of population selection, as well as allow for a better understanding of the genotype-phenotype relationship by discovering genes that are or were under selection pressure. In ROH islands specific to two generations of chickens, the most relevant candidate genes associated with adaptive traits are annotated. It has been established that genetic analysis based on changes in ROH can be used to characterize the genetic profile of chickens and to change the structure of the population under the influence of selection pressure. These data are especially important to take into account when evaluating qualitative phenotypic features, such as the adaptive capabilities of chickens.
Determination of optimal design and technological parameters of the operation of the KS-0.3P clover grater and scarifier in the wiping mode
Authors: Burkov A. I. , Gluhkov A. L. , Lazukin V. A. , Mokiev V. Yu.
Published: November 2024

The design features of the device and the process of operation of the new KS-0.3P clover grater and scarifier when wiping seeds from a bunch of meadow clover pad are provided in the article. Compared with the analogue KS-0.2, the new clover grater has an increased drum diameter of 0.45 m and a deck of 0.7 m and is additionally equipped with a pneumatic separation device, which contributes to an increase in productivity by 25...30 %. The purpose of the research is to study the effect of the drum rotation frequency of the KC–0.3P clover grater and scarifier and the feed of the starting material on the quality of seed wiping, to determine the range of their optimal values when agrotechnical requirements are met. During  the experimental research the starting material was meadow clover wad obtained after having been cleaned of light, large, small impurities and seeds free from shells using an air sieve seed cleaning machine. The quality of the clover grater and scarifier was evaluated by two indicators - the degree of wiping and crushing of seeds. The supply of clover wad was regulated in the range from 0.3 to 0.5 t/h. The rotation frequency of the drum was changed from 700 to 800 min-1. The experiments were carried out three times. Adequate (with probability p = 0.95) regression models of the degree of wiping and crushing of seeds were obtained, the analysis of which let to determine the ranges of the optimal drum rotation speed of 775...800 min-1 and material supply of 0.48...0.50 t/h, when the specified agrotechnical indicators were provided: the degree of wiping not less than 95 % and crushing not more than 1.5 %.
Comprehensive Assessment of Injuries in Patients with Supracondylar Fractures of the Humerus in Childhood and Adolescence
Authors: Burianov Oleksandr , Kvasha Volodymyr , Naumenko Valeriia , Коvalchuk Dmytro , Zadnychenko Mykhailo
Published: November 2024

The increased level of injuries and the prevalence of orthopedic pathology requires the improvement of diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the support and movement system. Today, the treatment of fractures in the distal metaepiphysis of the humerus in childhood and adolescence is one of the most common injuries, accounting for 16–50% of bone fractures in general and 50–80% of all intra-articular injuries of the upper limb. Supracondylar (3–18%) and transcondylar (57.5–70%) fractures prevail among injuries of this localization, mainly in children from 5 to 9 years old. An important stage of diagnosis is establishing the type of damage, which determines the choice of method and method of treatment. The determination of possible accompanying neurological and vascular disorders, late diagnosis and treatment of which lead to limb function disorders are of great importance.
The objective: to improve the diagnosis of injuries in supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children and adolescents by forming a clinical and diagnostic algorithm.
Materials and methods. The analysis of data from the scientific literature (Pubmed, Up-to-date, Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Global Health) and the results of a comprehensive examination and treatment of 123 children and adolescents with supracondylar fractures of the humerus during the period from 2019 to 2023 were carried out, on the basis of which an algorithm was created for a step-by-step comprehensive assessment of the patient’s condition and associated injuries with the specified fractures.
Results. Clinical-instrumental diagnosis of supracondylar fractures of the humerus and accompanying neurovascular injuries is based on knowledge of the peculiarities of childhood anatomy and psychoemotional characteristics of patients of this age group. Based on the analysis of data from the literature and own observations, an algorithm for comprehensive assessment of patients is proposed.
Conclusions. In order to establish a diagnosis and determine accompanying neurovascular complications in children and adolescents with supracondylar fractures of the humerus, it is necessary to conduct a complex of clinical and radiological examinations. The developed “Clinical-instrumental diagnostic algorithm for supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children and adolescents” includes the determination of concomitant neurovascular disorders. Its use allows to reduce the number of diagnostic errors and providing effective treatment of patients with this pathology.
Disоrders оf Visual Functiоns Preventiоn in Children оf Different Ages, Interactiоn Features at the Level оf Parents and Family
Authors: Denysiuk Liubov , Medvedovska Natalia
Published: November 2024

The objective: оf the study was tо study the awareness оf parents and families оn the visiоn disоrders preventiоn, tо find оut their willingness tо participate in measures tо prevent the spread оf оphthalmic pathоlоgy in children оf different ages.
Materials and methods. The materials fоr the study were the results оf a planned and cоnducted sоciоlоgical survey amоng parents whоse families have children оf variоus ages, accоrding tо a specially develоped questiоnnaire ««Questiоnnaire survey оf parents regarding their awareness and willingness tо participate in preventive prоgrams tо preserve visiоn frоm childhооd», which previоusly passed a pilоt research (50 units).
The survey was vоluntary, anоnymоus. A tоtal оf 422 questiоnnaires were subject tо analysis, which fully cоrrespоnded tо the figures оf previоusly cоnducted calculatiоns оf the representativeness in the planned sоciоlоgical research.
Results. The research methоds were: medical and statistical; cоntent analysis; sоciоlоgical research. Accоrding tо the results оf the research, it was fоund that the majоrity оf parents try tо interest their children in playing in the fresh air (73.93±2.14%), playing spоrts with visiting sectiоns, clubs (54.74±2.24%), taking care оf ratiоnal nutritiоn (66.35±2.30%) and try tо limit the time оf visual strain when wоrking with gadgets (91.0±1.39% even limit the time оf watching TV). The majоrity оf parents dо nоt refuse infоrmatiоnal suppоrt (79.15±1.98%) regarding risk factоrs and identifying signs оf visual impairment in children and express unanimоus suppоrt (95.26±1.03%) fоr the adоptiоn and implementatiоn оf state/regiоnal preventive prоgrams with preventiоn оf visiоn impairment in children, while trusting mоre оphthalmоlоgists оf state medical institutiоns (76.54±2.06%).
Cоnclusiоns. Jоining effоrts tо prevent visual impairment in children nоwadays shоuld have prоspects fоr develоpment. Primary preventiоn, including the eliminatiоn оf cоntrоlled risk factоrs fоr the develоpment оf visual impairments amоng children, is a necessary task, the implementatiоn оf which requires the cоmbined effоrts оf parents, educatоrs and dоctоrs оf all levels (primary and specialized оphthalmic) medical care. The results оf оur sоciоlоgical research amоng parents revealed an insufficient level оf awareness and an insufficiently respоnsible attitude оf parents tо the prоblem оf the fоrmatiоn оf healthy visual functiоns in their оwn children, because оnly 27.49±2.17% оf the surveyed parents recоgnize this aspect as their оwn respоnsibility, trying tо shift the respоnsibility tо educatоrs and dоctоrs, despite the fact that 50.0±2.43% оf the surveyed parents cоnsider preventive wоrk in the educatiоnal institutiоns attended by their children tо be insufficient.
Clinical Aspects of the Tubular Bones Epiphyseal Plate Malformations (Literature review)
Authors: Protsailo Mykhailo , Dzhyvak Volodymyr , Tkachuk Vitalii , Horishnyi Ihor , Voroncova Tamara , Kucher Svitlana , Khlibovska Oksana
Published: November 2024

The objective: to analyze the significance of tubular bone epiphyseal plate malformations in the practice of a pediatric orthopedist and surgeon using the example of Blount’s disease, bone-cartilage exostoses for the purpose of timely diagnosis, treatment and prevention of secondary complications.
Materials and methods. In order to achieve the set task, a retrospective analysis of the results of the examination of children who were on inpatient treatment in the regional children’s hospital was carried out. X-ray examination method was the main one. An in-depth analysis of scientific articles on this topic in journals indexed in the Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, ResearchGate, Google Scholar databases was also conducted.
The search was conducted using the following keywords: “Epiphyseal Plate Malformation”, “Long Bones”, “Growth Plate Injury”, “Physiologic Overview”, “Physical Activity Effects”, “Physeal Fractures”, “Musculoskeletal Imaging”, “Epiphyseal Fusion”, “Achondroplasia”, “Blount Disease”, “Corrective Osteotomy”, “Peroneal Nerve Injury”, “Osteochondroma”, “Guided Growth”, “Craniofacial Osteomas”, “Chondroblastoma”.
Results. The epiphyseal plate is a hyaline cartilage that is located between the epiphysis and metaphysis of tubular bones, it is unique only to children. The shape and length of the bone depends on its function, after the end of growth it disappears and is replaced by full-fledged bone tissue.
Blount’s disease which is caused by improper function of the epiphyseal plate of the proximal metaphysis of the tibia, usually occurs in children aged 3 to 6 years. It leads to progressive varus curvature, lameness, muscle hypotonia and curvature of the spine.
Four variants of Blount’s disease have been identified, the main diagnostic tool of which is radiology. Treatment varies from conservative methods to various surgical interventions. Juvenile osteocartilaginous exostoses, a hereditary disease with a dominant pattern of inheritance, lead to abnormal bone growth. Radiographic characteristics and surgical removal of symptomatic exostoses were critical to treatment. Surgical techniques have demonstrated high success rates in correcting deformities and improving function.
Conclusions. Malformations of the epiphyseal plate significantly affect the development of Blount’s disease and bonecartilaginous exostoses, as well as both minor and significant bone deformities in children. That is why this question is important for the routine practice of children’s orthopedic traumatologists.
An analysis of modern scientific sources provides insight into the diagnosis and treatment of malformations of the epiphyseal plate, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis and individualized treatment plans.
Análisis del peso vivo y la ganancia media diaria de peso en tres genotipos caprinos en el semiárido de Formosa
Authors: Capello Villada J.S , Tejerina E.R , Morales V.N. , De la Rosa S.A. , Ondo Misi L.M. , Revidatti M.A.
Published: November 2024

El objetivo del estudio fue comparar el peso vivo y ganancia diaria de peso (GDP) de 538 cabritos en Laguna Yema, Formosa, considerando tres razas (173 Criollos Formoseños -CF-, 207 Boer y 156 Anglo Nubian -AN-), sexo (243 machos y 293 hembras) y tipo de parto (TP) (129 simples y 407 dobles), bajo similares condiciones de manejo. Se evaluó peso al nacimiento y el peso vivo ajustado (PVA) y la GDP a 30, 60, 90, 180 y 365 días. Se determinaron estadísticos descriptivos y comparativos entre razas, sexo y TP mediante ANOVA y test de Tukey (p<0,05). Las medias de PVA (GDP) fueron: nacimiento 2,60 kg; 30 días 6,49 kg (128 g d-1); 60 días 9,67 kg (104 g d-1); 90 días 11,30 kg (54 g d-1); 180 días 17,98 kg (72 g d-1) y 365 días 25,39 kg (44 g d-1). Hasta los 60 días, CF y AN mostraron PVA menores que Boer, sin diferencias a los 90 días. A los 180 días, AN y Boer superaron a CF, y a los 365 días, Boer volvió a destacarse con mayores PVA. En GDP, Boer fue superior <60 días y entre 180-365 días, mientras que CF y AN superaron a Boer entre 60-180 días. Según el sexo, el PVA y GDP fue igual, excepto a los 180 días (machos > hembras). Según TP, se observaron valores a favor de los simples, salvo en PVA al año y en GDP a los 180 días. Por tanto, Boer es ideal para cabritos lechales o capones pesados; AN y CF, para intermedios. No hubo diferencias según sexo. Al año de vida, el tipo de parto pierde relevancia, lo cual es positivo para la reposición y potencia la selección por prolificidad en sistemas largos. En sistemas cortos, se recomienda un tratamiento adicional para animales muy prolíficos.
Diagnóstico molecular del virus de laringotraqueítis infecciosa aviar en granjas de gallinas ponedoras localizadas en Tungurahua, Ecuador
Authors: Revelo-Cueva M. , Vinueza-Burgos C.V. , Metz G.E. , Echeverría M.G.
Published: November 2024

La laringotraqueítis infecciosa aviar (ILT) es una enfermedad producida por el Gallid alphaherpesvirus 1 (GaHV-1) que se transmite a través de secreciones respiratorias o fómites de aves infectadas de forma natural o por el uso de vacunas vivas originadas en embrión de pollo (CEO). El objetivo de esta investigación fue detectar molecularmente el GaHV-1 en granjas de gallinas ponedoras localizadas en la provincia de Tungurahua, Ecuador. Se trabajó con hisopados laringotraqueales y muestras de tráqueas de 47 granjas y una vacuna recombinante de uso comercial con la glicoproteína B del GaHV-1. Se encontró que 3 granjas fueron positivas a GaHV-1 al amplificarse segmentos de los genes ICP4 y timidina kinasa (TK) del virus. Por otro lado, la vacuna recombinante analizada resultó negativa a la amplificación de los genes mencionados. La amplificación de los genes ICP4 y TK en las muestras de campo demostró la presencia del GaHV-1 en la provincia, pero se descartó la posibilidad de que se trate de virus vacunal derivado del uso de la vacuna recombinante autorizada para ser usada en la zona de estudio. Dado que las aves no presentaron signos clínicos relacionados con ILT se determinó que no se podría hablar de un brote de la enfermedad, pero se requiere un estudio molecular de secuenciación de genoma completo para obtener resultados concluyentes. No obstante, debería evitarse la utilización de vacunas tipo CEO en los calendarios vacunales en la provincia de Tungurahua y continuar sólo con el uso de las vacunas vectorizadas autorizadas por el ente de control nacional.
Lyme disease
Authors: Tuemmers Apablaza C.A. , Montero González M.A.
Published: November 2024

Lyme disease is a multisystemic inflammatory disease caused by spirochetes belonging to the geno-specific complex Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Bbsl). It is transmitted to humans through ticks of the genus Ixodes, being Ixodes scapularis responsible for the transmission in most of the cases reported worldwide. Manifests with cutaneous, cardiac, neurological, and articular manifestations, with the cutaneous condition known as chronic migratory erythema being the most important antecedent for the clinical diagnosis of the disease, confirming it with complementary tests such as ELISA, Western blot and PCR. This information will be crucial to initiate appropriate treatment for each phase of the disease. Although, this disease is observed mainly in North America and Europe, recently new strains of Bbsl, or related species, have been described in Brazil, Uruguay and Chile. Still, in order to determine the distribution of this species in South America, it is necessary to conduct genetic and microbiological studies not only to clinical cases but also vectors and possible reservoirs, in order to obtain useful information for the epidemiological and clinical management of the disease.
Fostering Self-efficacy for Future Physics Teachers: Recommendation of Future Direction of Teacher Education Institutions
Authors: Efwinda Shelly , Haryanto Zeni , Sulaeman Nurul Fitriyah
Published: November 2024

Self-efficacy in teaching is essential for pre-service teachers, and its development needs to be started as soon as possible. This research is descriptive research that aims to recommend policies that can be carried out by universities, faculties, and study programs related to the development of pre-service physics teachers' self-efficacy in teaching. The research participants were 113 pre-service physics teachers in one of the teacher education institutions in Indonesia. The research instrument used was an open-ended question questionnaire totaling eight questions, which explores self-efficacy in three aspects, namely general definitions, influencing factors, and lecture activities that can increase teaching self-efficacy. The answers of pre-service physics teachers are grouped based on the study program's authority, faculty, or university. The results show that self-efficacy in teaching is influenced mainly by 1) the mastery experiences, 2) the mastery of content knowledge, 3) social persuasion, and 4) the mastery of pedagogical knowledge. Based on these results, it is necessary to have a policy by the Universities, Faculties, and Study Programs related to the development of self-efficacy in teaching. Policies needed from universities and faculties are to increase the number and length of teaching practice for pre-service teachers. The policy required from the study program is self-efficacy integration in courses, especially courses related to teaching practice. In addition, the study program also needs to make rules or guidelines for lecturers who teach subjects related to teaching practice courses, to provide feedback and reflection, and strengthen teaching practice activities for pre-service teachers.
Ethnomathematics Study at The Tomb of Sunan Bonang Tuban
Authors: Warli Warli , Alfiyah Khusnul
Published: November 2024

Ethnomathematics is mathematics inherent in the form of local wisdom. This study aims to describe the ethnomathematics at the Tomb of Sunan Bonang Tuban. These Data were obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation. The Data is analyzed by reducing the data, presenting the data, and drawing conclusions. To obtain the validity of the data, a credibility test through triangulation, a transferability test through a detailed description, as well as a dependability test and confirmability test by auditing. The results of ethnomathematics studies on the Tomb of Sunan Bonang Tuban in the aspect of counting there candra sengkala on gate I. In the aspect of locating obtained patterns of sequential arrangement of pages, the arrangement of pages and gates that have a repeating pattern, the arrangement of Pendopo rante sirap and Sunan Bonang Tomb cungkup sirap that form an arithmetic sequence, the arrangement of cemaric plates on the rana that form a pattern of numbers, and the arrangement of other tombs are parallel. In designing aspects obtained page I and III rectangular, trapezoidal page II, shingle Pavilion rante and Sunan Bonang Tomb cungkup-shaped combination of rectangular pyramid and truncated rectangular pyramid.
Development of Website-Based Traditional Games as an Introduction to Local Culture for Early Age Children
Authors: Fauziah Puji Yanti , Hidayah Retna , Nuryanto Apri , Pratiwi PH. , Wijayanto Arif , Ismawati Dwi , Purswaningsih Nining
Published: November 2024

This research aims to develop traditional website-based games for early childhood. The research is ADDIE model RD research. The subjects of this research were 2 expert validators and 30 teachers from 30 PAUD institutions in Indonesia. Data collection techniques use questionnaires.The research results are based on the results of validation by experts with a score. The validation instrument consists of material aspects and also ease of use, the assessment score range uses a Likert scale of 1-4, and the results of the validation carried out regarding the content on the website get a score of 3. 86 means that in terms of material on the website it is suitable for AUD and from the aspect of convenience it gets a score of 3.9 which means very good and easy to use. The research results were based on results from users or from 30 PAUD teachers from 30 PAUD institutions in Indonesia. The score obtained was that learning was in accordance with children's theories, 36.4% answered good and 63.6% very good.
Impact of Self-Efficacy and Digital Pedagogy on Teaching Readiness of Digital Immigrant Childhood Teachers
Authors: Fitriyah Qonitah Faizatul , Rahman Farid , Fatmarizka Tiara , Susilo Taufik Eko , Astuti Heni , Nurjanah Latifah Siti , Rahayu Pangastuti
Published: November 2024

Telah banyak upaya untuk meningkatkan kesiapan mengajar pada guru PAUD. Namun hanya sedikit hasil penelitian yang menunjukkan upaya untuk meningkatkan kesiapan mengajar pada guru digital immigrant untuk anak usia dini dan hubungannya dengan efikasi diri pada guru. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) mengkaji kesiapan mengajar online pada guru digital immigrant, 2) menyelidiki peran efikasi diri dan penggunaan teknologi untuk memperdalam kajian ini. Penelitian ini mengadopsi pendekatan kuantitatif berdasarkan kuesioner yang diberikan kepada guru PAUD dengan karakteristik guru generasi digital immigrant dalam survei online. Dari perspektif metodologis, penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis SEM-PLS terhadap fenomena yang diteliti. Temuan ini menunjukkan bahwa efikasi diri pada guru PAUD digital immigrant dapat mempengaruhi kesiapan mengajar. Penelitian ini juga mencatat bahwa penggunaan teknologi pada guru digital immigrant berpengaruh positif dalam kesiapan mengajar. Penelitian ini memberikan penajaman terhadap penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya yang bertemakan kesiapan mengajar dalam menggunakan teknologi pada guru.
Challenging The Dichotomy Of Self and Other: A Critical Study Of Colorism in Toni Morrison's The Bluest Eye and Its Societal Implications
Authors: Mohrem Boubaker , Nefnouf Ahmed Seif Eddine , Messaoudi Walid , Derki Noureddine , Drissi Otmane Abdelkader , Al-momani Hassan Ali Abdullah
Published: November 2024

Toni Morrison's The Bluest Eye is a powerful novel that discuss the issue of colorism and its impact on self-identity and societal norms. This critical study sheds light on the interplay of self and otherness in the narrative, also the dichotomy of lightness and darkness that characterizes colorism. The study analyzes the experiences of the characters, including the protagonist Pecola, and their interactions with each other and their environments. Through a critical examination of the novel, the study reveals how colorism perpetuates systemic inequality and affects individuals' mental health and well-being. It argues that colorism is not only a personal issue but also a societal problem that needs to be addressed. By exploring the societal implications of colorism, the study seeks to challenge societal norms and values regarding skin color and promote diversity and inclusivity. The significance in Morrison's work in exposing and challenging colorism. It highlights how Morrison's prose illuminates the complex of self-identity, the other, and colorism in society. The study also argues that The Bluest Eye is particularly relevant in contemporary times, given the resurgence of racial tensions and the urgent need to promote social justice and equality. Moreover, the study examines the ways in which Morrison challenges traditional literary conventions and constructs new forms of narrative and representation. The study confirms on Morrison's contribution to American literature and her influence on contemporary writers and scholars. Overall, this critical study elucidates the insidious effects of colorism on individuals and society as well as the importance of the dicho-tomy of the self and otherness to promote a more just and equitable world. It highlights the enduring relevance and power of Morrison's work in addressing these pressing issues.
Special Relativity Proven Mathematically and Experimentally as a Special Case of groundbreaking Asymmetry Theory: A Breakthrough Resolving Century-Old Controversies
Authors: Chen Qian
Published: November 2024

Asymmetry Theory is a comprehensive framework mathematically derived solely from the well-established principle of “the constancy of the velocity of light” without any other assumptions, like the ether. We prove, both mathematically and experimentally, that it encompasses all results of Special Relativity (STR) as a special case when the observer moves perpendicularly to the “source-observer” line. The long-standing controversies arise when extending STR outside this case and are all resolved in Asymmetry Theory. Our results, while astonishing, are startlingly straightforward through strict mathematics and validated by all experimental evidence, offering a novel perspective on fundamental physical laws. Asymmetry Theory reproduces every key result of STR, like time-dilation, relativistic Doppler effect, mass-energy, … and overcome its limitations in phenomena like Sagnac effect and one-way light speed. Its straightforward mathematics eliminates any paradox like Twin-paradox in STR. Asymmetry Theory is supported by every evidence for STR, e.g. Michelson-Morley, Hafele-Keating, Kaufmann, Ives-Stilwell, muon lifetime, nuclear reaction …. Moreover, it fully accounts for anomalies challenging STR, e.g. the Lunar range and GPS tests of light speed and the lack of transverse Doppler shift.Beyond STR, Asymmetry Theory offers a unified perspective across various distinct laws of physics, e.g. a unified formula for time-varying Doppler effect, Cosmological redshift, and Cherenkov radiation and a generalized form of Maxwell's equations for moving observers, from which Doppler effect and Sagnac effect can be directly derived.
Self-enactable habit-promoting techniques for physical activity: A qualitative study
Authors: Figueiredo Eleonoora Hintsa , Hagger Martin S , Lintunen Taru , Hamilton Kyra , Knittle Keegan Phillip
Published: October 2024

There is a dearth of empirical research on techniques that effectively promote physical activity habits. This qualitative study addresses this knowledge gap by identifing the self-enactable techniques that people with varying levels of habit strength and physical activity experience use to support their own physical activity behavior and form or maintain habits. Novice (n = 8), intermediate (n = 8), or expert (n = 8) exercisers (based on self-reported habit strength) were recruited via purposive sampling to partake in semi-structured interviews. Interviews were analyzed with deductive content analysis and inductive thematic analysis. A total of 96 self-enactable techniques were identified and 45 were considered as frequently reported in at least one of the experience groups. Techniques were further grouped to information seeking, support, acceptance and overcoming initiation inertia, restructuring the environment, and personal growth. Two themes emerged: 1) using different techniques, 2) using techniques differently. Current findings indicate that people with different levels of experience and reported habit strength toward physical activity may require different approaches from physical activity habit interventions, which requires tailoring. Within-persons longitudinal studies using validated measures of technique use are needed to improve scientific understanding of habit formation processes.
Cross-cultural regularities and variability in the emotion of shame
Authors: Sznycer Daniel , Landers Mitchell
Published: October 2024

Shame appears to be part of human nature, yet it varies across time and between cultures. While differences in social norms or attributional styles are often cited as driving forces behind variation in shame, these approaches struggle to explain cross-cultural regularities in shame and the tight alignment between the features of the shame system and the challenges it addresses. In this chapter, we characterize shame from an adaptationist perspective—viewing this emotion as an evolved adaptation shaped by natural selection. We argue that despite its diversity of cultural expressions, shame functions to mitigate the actual or potential costs of being devalued by others. This framework can account for both cross-cultural similarities and differences in how shame is felt, expressed, and regulated. What may appear as culturally unique expressions of shame can be understood as variations on a universal theme: a finely tuned system evolved to manage the adverse consequences of devaluation. This approach reveals that even cultural differences in shame stem from a common adaptive logic.
Rain, Drought, Hunger, Pain Shift in Indian student ideas on climate change during a climate-justice book-authoring program
Authors: Jamal Aneesa , Jamal Abubakr , Yusof Sanitah Bte Mohd , Talib Corrienna Abdul
Published: November 2024

Indian students’ ideas about climate change are a mix of incomplete knowledge and misconceptions. Students are also apprehensive about climate change and feel helpless in the face of it. Formal teaching about climate change is fragmented across subjects, and limited to explanations of the scientific mechanisms, ignoring the entire socio-economic, historical and political context that led to and perpetuates the phenomenon. This empirical research explores the outcomes from the Young Climate Authors, a holistic climate justice intervention where middle & high schoolers wrote storybooks on climate change. The program was implemented with a cohort of 18 10-15 year olds in Chennai, India in 2023. Data in the form of pretest, midpoint & postttest questionnaires, semi structured interviews, focus group discussions, and student artefacts was analyzed using Template Analysis. Results reveal that the YCA had a transformative decolonizing impact by created a sense of proto-conscientization based on deepened place-ecological meaning. The participants’ understanding of climate change shifted from vague, ‘textbook’ish knowledge to a nuanced and holistic understanding impacting Chennai, its marginalized communities and the more-than-human. Emotion was deeply intertwined in this understanding where a sense of empathy and anger, that the learning had engendered, shaped the storybooks that were written. The scientific understanding of climate change also improved. The results highlight the importance of using critical and constructivist pedagogy for climate change education which shape place-based and decolonized student ideas about climate change.
The limited impact of extending the school week on educational outcomes in Dutch primary education: a quasi-experimental study using penalized synthetic control analysis
Authors: Custers Gijs , van Kesteren Erik-Jan , Ryan Oisín
Published: November 2024

This study uses a quasi-experimental design to investigate the causal impact of an extended school week on educational performance in 22 Dutch primary schools. The intervention has been partly modeled after the prominent Harlem Children’s Zone (HCZ). To assess the impact of the intervention, we leverage register data containing information on all Dutch children finishing primary school in the period 2009 - 2022. Synthetic control analysis is applied to estimate the causal effect for each individual school. The findings show the program has had limited effect on educational outcomes with little variation between schools. Our contribution is in showing how several factors, such as goal switching, lack of participation, and teacher shortages, hamper program effectiveness and discussing to what extent a concept such as the HCZ is transferable to other international contexts. Finally, we also illustrate how the synthetic control method can be applied in educational research.
Time to Accumulate: The Great Migration and the Rise of the American South
Authors: Yang Dongkyu
Published: November 2024

The idea that labor scarcity can induce economic development has long been hypothesized (Hicks, 1932; Habakkuk, 1962), but the evidence remains limited. This paper examines how the Second Great Migration (1940–1970) spurred structural change in the American South between 1970 and 2010. Empirical results using shift-share instruments show that out-migration incentivized capital investment and capital-augmenting technical change, increasing capital per worker and output in both agriculture and manufacturing, at least until 2010. Labor was reallocated from agriculture to non-agriculture. I then develop a dynamic spatial equilibrium model that allows for substitution between factors of production, factor-biased technical change, and factor abundance-based trade to characterize this process. The quantitative analysis indicates that labor-capital substitution played a major role in adjustments to South-to-North migration.
Assessment of olfactory fossa depth using computed tomography imaging in a tertiary care setting
Authors: Shantala Sawkar  , Adarsh AD  , Anil Kumar Sakalecha  , Mahima Kale R  , Soumya Z Chincholikar
Published: November 2024

Background: Chronic sinonasal disorders are commonly treated surgically with endoscopic sinus surgery. Keros classifies the olfactory fossa (OF) into three groups according to the ethmoid roof level. The depth of the OF is determined by the size of the lateral lamella of the cribriform plate. Multidetector computed tomography is gold standard in evaluating the structure of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses (PNS).
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to examine non-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans of the paranasal sinus and analyze the depth of the OF to identify and categorize different Keros types and to evaluate anatomical variances to prevent major surgical complications.
Materials and Methods: IM was a prospective study and 160 patients were enrolled for the study. The study was undertaken in the Department of Radiodiagnosis at Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College in Tamaka, Kolar. Patient with chronic sinonasal disorders undergoing pre-operative non-enhanced CT PNS study was enrolled in the study. The depth of the OF was measured and categorized into three groups according to Keros classification.
Results: Out of 160 participants, 115 (71.8%) were male. The depth of the OF on the right (P=0.28) or left (P=0.66) did not differ significantly between genders. In men, the most prevalent (n=92, 57.5%) was Type-II Keros on the right, with 80 (50%) patients on the left. Type-1 Keros was more common in females on the right side (18 patients, 11.2%), whereas Type-II Keros was more common on the left side (20 patients, 12.5%). The proportion of different types of Keros differed significantly across genders (P<0.001).
Conclusion: This study reveals that Keros Type-II was the most prevalent among participants. Comprehensive insights into the anatomical variability of the olfactory region are pivotal for through pre-operative assessment of patients with nasal and PNS disorders in preventing significant surgical complications.
Comparison of hemodynamic responses to orotracheal intubation with Tuoren video laryngoscope and Macintosh direct laryngoscope in adult hypertensive patients
Authors: Debjani Gayen  , Mandal Sangita , Debojyoti Das  , Chakraborty Soma , Sarfraaz Rahman  , Roy Palash , Mohanchandra Mandal
Published: November 2024

Background: Laryngoscopy and intubation lead to unfavorable hemodynamic responses. Many studies have already compared direct laryngoscope (DL) and different types of video laryngoscopes (VLs). While some of those reported favorable response with use of VL, others have depicted an unfavorable response with VL.
Aims and Objectives: Hence, the present study was carried out to compare the hemodynamic response to laryngoscopy between use of Macintosh DL and Tuoren VL in controlled hypertensive patients during elective surgery.
Materials and Methods: A total of 122 patients were recruited for this interventional study. Patients were allocated into two groups to have their intubation with Tuoren VL (Group V, n=61) or Macintosh DL (Group D, n=61). The mean arterial pressure (MAP) at 1 min after intubation was the primary outcome. Other outcome measures were to compare heart rate (HR) at different time points, procedure time (glottis exposure time and intubation time), and number of attempts.
Results: The use of DL led to considerably higher MAP at 1, 3, and 5 min after laryngoscopy and intubation compared with VL. However, comparable HRs were found between the two groups at such time points. Glottis visualization time and intubation time were considerably higher using VL compared with DL. The mean total procedure time was considerably lesser with DL over VL (mean, 29.5 vs. 38.5 s, respectively, <0.001).
Conclusion: Tuoren video laryngoscope can be a better alternative to Macintosh direct laryngoscope in view of considerably lesser rise of mean arterial pressure and comparable heart rate during laryngoscopy and intubation in hypertensive patient.
Cardiovascular autonomic reactivity and inflammatory markers in patients with chronic migraine
Authors: Ayasha Nishad  , Abhishek Tiwari  , Waqas Alauddin  , Prajakta Radke
Published: November 2024

Background: Common headache disorders, including tension-type migraines and cluster headaches, are related to malfunctions of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Many autonomic signs of migraines aggravate the discomfort of the episode. Understanding the function and comorbidities of migraine patients depends on tests for assessing the cardiovascular autonomic responsiveness of the ANS.
Aims and Objectives: The aim and objective of this study is to evaluate the use of cardiovascular reflex testing in adults with chronic migraine and healthy controls. Investigating inflammatory markers in individuals suffering from chronic migraines and controls.
Materials and Methods: Thirty healthy controls and 30 people suffering from persistent migraines were part of the research. Cardiovascular reflex tests were performed. Inflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1, and IL-10 were also evaluated. SPSS edition 21 was used for the statistical analysis. For parameters with normal and atypical distributions, the Mann–Whitney test and the unpaired t-test, respectively, were used.
Results: Among 30 subjects, testing for autonomic reactivity related to chronic migraines revealed significantly lower values than those for control. Patients with chronic migraines had far more inflammatory markers, including TNF-α, IL-1, and IL-10.
Conclusions: Revealing autonomic dysfunction, the group with chronic migraines had a lower parasympathetic tone and sympathoexcitation than the healthy control group. Future studies should concentrate on ANS dysfunction as a biomarker for early warning signals for drug intake and migraine control.
A clinical study of lens-induced glaucoma and its outcome after cataract surgery
Authors: Preethi G  , Pranitha Prabhu  , Shweta Sulabh  , Appineni Mounika  , Battula Bhavyasree
Published: November 2024

Background: Lens-induced glaucomas (LIGs) occur due to the lens’s size, position, or inflammation, causing either open-angle or angle-closure mechanisms. These conditions vary clinically, and understanding their effect on post-operative cataract surgery outcomes is crucial for achieving better visual results.
Aims and Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the characteristics, risk factors, and their consequences in LIG on post-operative visual outcome, intraocular pressure, inflammation, and optic disc changes.
Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with LIG between December 2019 and April 2021 underwent cataract surgery and were assessed pre-and postoperatively for visual outcomes, intraocular pressure (IOP), inflammation, and optic disc changes.
Results: During the 18-month study, 2700 cataract cases attended the outpatient department at Oxford Medical College, Bangalore. Among them, 50 cases (1.85%) were diagnosed with LIG. The age range was 37–75 years, with a mean of 60.02 (61.70 years for females, 58.04 years for males). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 6/12 or better was achieved in 48% of cases, while severe inflammation resulted in BCVA below 6/60 in 69.23%. Elevated IOP was noted in cases with symptoms lasting 2–4 weeks (39.67 mmHg). Glaucomatous disc damage affected 36% of cases, more common in phacomorphic glaucoma (54%) than phacolytic (28%), and significantly correlated with symptom duration over 2 weeks (P<0.01).
Conclusions: Planned small incision cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation along with minimal tissue handling and a good follow-up protocol with efficient management of complications and inflammation play a major role in management and allow for good visual outcome and fewer complications post-surgery.