bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Neuronal density in the brain cortex and hippocampus in Clsnt2-KO mouse strain modeling autistic spectrum disorder
Authors: Rozhkova I. N. , Okotrub S. V. , Brusentsev E. Yu. , Uldanova E. E. , Chuyko E. А. , Lipina T. V. , Amstislavskaya T. G. , Amstislavsky S. Ya.
Published: July 2022

Autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) represent conditions starting in childhood, which are characterized by difficulties with social interaction and communication, as well as non-typical and stereotyping models of behavior. The mechanisms and the origin of these disorders are not yet understood and thus far there is a lack of prophylactic measures for these disorders. The current study aims to estimate neuronal density in the prefrontal cortex and four hippocampal subfields, i. e. СA1, СA2, СA3, and DG in Clstn2-KO mice as a genetic model of ASD. In addition, the level of neurogenesis was measured in the DG area of the hippocampus. This mouse strain was obtained by a knockout of the calsinthenin-2 gene (Clsnt2) in C57BL/6J mice; the latter (wild type) was used as controls. To estimate neuronal density, serial sections were prepared on a cryotome for the above-mentioned brain structures with the subsequent immunohistochemical labeling and confocal microscopy; the neuronal marker (anti-NeuN) was used as the primary antibody. In addition, neurogenesis was estimated in the DG region of the hippocampus; for this purpose, a primary antibody against doublecortin (anti-DCX) was used. In all cases Goat anti-rabbit IgG was used as the secondary antibody. The density of neurons in the CA1 region of the hippocampus was lower in Clstn2-KO mice of both sexes as compared with controls. Moreover, in males of both strains, neuronal density in this region was lower as compared to females. Besides, the differences between males and females were revealed in two other hippocampal regions. In the CA2 region, a lower density of neurons was observed in males of both strains, and in the CA3 region, a lower density of neurons was also observed in males as compared to females but only in C57BL/6J mice. No difference between the studied groups was revealed in neurogenesis, nor was it in neuronal density in the prefrontal cortex or DG hippocampal region. Our new findings indicate that calsyntenin-2 regulates neuronal hippocampal density in subfield-specific manner, suggesting that the CA1 neuronal subpopulation may represent a cellular target for earlylife preventive therapy of ASD.
The GWAS-MAP|ovis platform for aggregation and analysis of genome-wide association study results in sheep
Authors: Kirichenko A. V. , Zlobin A. S. , Shashkova T. I. , Volkova N. A. , Iolchiev B. S. , Bagirov V. A. , Borodin P. M. , Karssen L. С. , Tsepilov Y. A. , Aulchenko Y. S.
Published: July 2022

In recent years, the number of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) carried out for various economically important animal traits has been increasing. GWAS discoveries provide summary statistics that can be used both for targeted marker-oriented selection and for studying the genetic control of economically important traits of farm animals. In contrast to research in human genetics, GWAS on farm animals often does not meet generally accepted standards (availability of information about effect and reference alleles, the size and direction of the effect, etc.). This greatly complicates the use of GWAS results for breeding needs. Within the framework of human genetics, there are several technological solutions for researching the harmonized results of GWAS, including one of the largest, the GWAS-MAP platform. For other types of living organisms, including economically important agricultural animals, there are no similar solutions. To our knowledge, no similar solution has been proposed to date for any of the species of economically important animals. As part of this work, we focused on creating a platform similar to GWAS-MAP for working with the results of GWAS of sheep, since sheep breeding is one of the most important branches of agriculture. By analogy with the GWAS-MAP platform for storing, unifying and analyzing human GWAS, we have created the GWAS-MAP|ovis platform. The platform currently contains information on more than 34 million associations between genomic sequence variants and traits of meat production in sheep. The platform can also be used to conduct colocalization analysis, a method that allows one to determine whether the association of a particular locus with two different traits is the result of pleiotropy or whether these traits are associated with different variants that are in linkage disequilibrium. This platform will be useful for breeders to select promising markers for breeding, as well as to obtain information for the introduction of genomic breeding and for scientists to replicate the results obtained.
Genome stability of the vaccine strain VAC∆6
Authors: Maksyutov R. A. , Yakubitskiy S. N. , Kolosova I. V. , Tregubchak T. V. , Shvalov A. N. , Gavrilova E. V. , Shchelkunov S. N.
Published: July 2022

Due to cessation of mass smallpox vaccination in 1980, the collective immunity of humans against orthopoxvirus infections has virtually been lost. Therefore, the risk of spreading zoonotic human orthopoxvirus infections caused by monkeypox and cowpox viruses has increased in the world. First-generation smallpox vaccines based on Vaccinia virus (VAC) are reactogenic and therefore not suitable for mass vaccination under current conditions. This necessitates the development of modern safe live vaccines based on VAC using genetic engineering. We created the VACΔ6 strain by transient dominant selection. In the VACΔ6 genome, five virulence genes were intentionally deleted, and one gene was inactivated by inserting a synthetic DNA fragment. The virus was passaged 71 times in CV-1 cells to obtain the VACΔ6 strain from the VAC LIVP clonal variant. Such a long passage history might have led to additional off-target mutations in VACΔ6 compared to the original LIVP variant. To prevent this, we performed a genome-wide sequencing of VAC LIVP, VACΔ6, and five intermediate viral strains to assess possible off-target mutations. A comparative analysis of complete viral genomes showed that, in addition to target mutations, only two nucleotide substitutions occurred spontaneously when obtaining VACΔ4 from the VACΔ3 strain; the mutations persisting in the VACΔ5 and VACΔ6 genomes. Both nucleotide substitutions are located in intergenic regions (positions 1431 and 189738 relative to LIVP), which indicates an extremely rare occurrence of off-target mutations when using transient dominant selection to obtain recombinant VAC variants with multiple insertions/deletions. To assess the genome stability of the resulting attenuated vaccine strain, 15 consecutive cycles of cultivation of the industrial VACΔ6 strain were performed in 4647 cells certified for vaccine production in accordance with the “Guidelines for Clinical Trials of Medicinal Products”. PCR and sequencing analysis of six DNA fragments corresponding to the regions of disrupted genes in VACΔ6 showed that all viral DNA sequences remained unchanged after 15 passages in 4647 cells.
MODERNIZAÇÃO TURÍSTICA E A PERDA DO PATRIMÔNIO HISTÓRICO EDIFICADO
Authors: Silva Júnior Francisco Xavier da
Published: July 2022

O objetivo desta pesquisa é entender como a modernização turística afetou a perda do patrimônio histórico edificado em Santa Cruz – RN, Brasil. Para tanto, foram analisados onze elementos distribuídos entre edifícios e espaços públicos de lazer do município, dado que boa parte destes passaram por completa mudança de infraestrutura e função, por meio dos recursos ministeriais da pasta do turismo. Foi realizada visita in loco nos espaços e edifícios com o intuito de obter a atual situação e recrutar mais informações de interesse desta pesquisa através de um formulário. Utilizando o recurso teórico-metodológico, concluiu-se que a utilização da modernização como recurso econômico único com base no consumo massivo, em especial, no consumo de experiências turísticas, viabilizou em Santa Cruz uma corrente de transformações urbanas que prejudicaram a preservação e manutenção do patrimônio histórico edificado, além de que, alguns elementos analisados tiveram sua completa refuncionalização ou estão em fase de transição.
Stosunek człowieka do doznań słuchowych a świadomość własnego ciała i cielesności. Perspektywa ekologii akustycznej
Authors: Sasin Magdalena
Published: July 2022

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie powiązań pomiędzy zagadnieniem ciała i cielesności w kulturze współczesnej a refleksją i praktyką ekologii akustycznej. W koncepcji ekologii akustycznej Raymonda Murraya Schafera (1933–2021), stanowiącej punkt wyjścia prezentowanych rozważań, można odnaleźć wiele treści wskazujących na znaczenie kontaktu z ciałem i subiektywnej oceny jego dobrostanu. Szczególną rolę odgrywają zaplanowane przez myśliciela ćwiczenia tzw. „czyszczenia uszu” oraz spacery dźwiękowe i inne sposoby rozwijania wrażliwości akustycznej. Rozwijanie wrażliwości na dźwięki – wszelkiego rodzaju bodźce akustyczne, nie tylko dźwięki stricte muzyczne – autorka uznaje za szczególnie ważne w sytuacji nadmiaru bodźców i zmysłowego przestymulowania współczesnego człowieka.
Relacja intymna jako przestrzeń kształtowania poczucia podmiotowości kobiet
Authors: Czerska-Szczepaniak Elżbieta
Published: July 2022

Tematem artykułu są wybrane aspekty poczucia podmiotowości kobiet objętych wsparciem instytucji pomocy społecznej, kształtujące się w relacji partnerskiej. Przedstawiono teoretyczne inspiracje, które posłużyły do poszukiwania tropów badanego zagadnienia w autobiograficznych narracjach kobiet. Wyłoniono kategorie: świadomość własnego „Ja”, wolność, relacyjność jako wybrane predykaty składające się na badane zagadnienie. Analizując wywiady, przedstawiono relacje partnerskie, które wzmacniały kobiety, oraz takie, które przyczyniały się do zatracenia poczucia podmiotowości przez narratorki. Zasygnalizowano również rolę znaczących Innych w procesie kształtowania poczucia podmiotowości kobiet: osób bliskich, partnerów oraz profesjonalistów z obszaru pomocy społecznej.
Fizyczny obraz starości w świetle wybranej literatury dla dzieci. Stereotyp niekoniecznie negatywny
Authors: Sztobryn-Bochomulska Justyna
Published: July 2022

Artykuł omawia problem dotyczący wyglądu fizycznego osób starszych w kontekście stereotypu, jaki funkcjonuje na temat starości, i pokazuje go w kontekście relacji międzypokoleniowej. Dynamika przemian społeczno kulturowych, której jesteśmy twórcami i której doświadczamy, sprawiła, że żyjemy w czasie, w którym ciało stało się głównym tematem społecznej narracji. Problem jest o tyle poważniejszy, że narracja ta podporządkowana jest jednemu nurtowi, w którym obowiązuje estetyka młodości, sprawności fizycznej i komercyjnego piękna. Celem artykułu jest pokazanie obrazu starości, jaki istnieje w literaturze dla dzieci i refleksja nad nim w kontekście rzeczywistości, w której propaguje się kult ciała, a starość jest negowana i maskowana.
Recenzja: Maria Dębińska, Transpłciowość w Polsce. Wytwarzanie kategorii, Wydawnictwo Instytutu Archeologii i Etnologii Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Warszawa 2020, ss. 277
Authors: Desperak Izabela
Published: July 2022

Recenzja książki Marii Dębińskiej Transpłciowość w Polsce. Wytwarzanie kategorii wskazuje na ogromną potrzebę współczesnych naukowych opracowań dotyczących problematyki transpłciowości, które pozwolą szerszej publiczności, nie tylko akademickiej, zapoznać się z piśmiennictwem na ten temat. Zwraca też uwagę na wyznaczenie przez autorkę standardów językowych odnoszących się do tego wciąż niewystarczająco rozpoznanego poza kręgiem specjalistek i specjalistów tematu oraz na oryginalność podejścia autorki, która koncentruje się na analizie społecznego wytwarzania kategorii transpłciowości, w oparciu o rozbudowane badania własne.
Infrastruktura w strukturze funkcjonalno-przestrzennej jednostek terytorialnych
Authors: Feltynowski Marcin
Published: July 2022

Badania związane z planowaniem przestrzennym wskazują na ważną rolę infrastruktury w kreowaniu struktury funkcjonalno-przestrzennej miast i obszarów wiejskich. Jest to istotne, ponieważ podejmowanie decyzji na różnych szczeblach administracji publicznej powinno opierać się na dowodach wykorzystujących dostępny zasób danych. Celem monografii jest usystematyzowanie wiedzy w dwóch obszarach: infrastrukturalnym i planowania przestrzennego, które powiązane są ze sobą zarówno na gruncie teoretycznym, jak i praktycznym. Przedstawione w publikacji podejście może być wykorzystane do podnoszenia efektywności procesów związanych z planowaniem przestrzennym i rozwojem infrastruktury. W obu przypadkach zapewnia to wsparcie procesu rozwoju jednostki terytorialnej. Prezentowane zagadnienia są próbą wypełnienia luki w literaturze przedmiotu w zakresie złożoności procesów wpływających na rozwój infrastruktury. Stanowią one uzupełnienie dotychczasowych badań o elementy wynikające z rozwoju technologicznego czy globalnych wyzwań, które bezpośrednio oddziałują na rozwój struktury funkcjonalno-przestrzennej jednostek terytorialnych i powiązanej z nią infrastruktury. Uniwersalizm publikacji pozwala na wskazanie szerokiego grona jej odbiorców. Adresatami monografii są środowiska naukowe, w tym: ekonomiści, planiści, urbaniści, geografowie, którzy zajmują się w swojej pracy badawczej zagadnieniami planowania przestrzennego oraz szeroko rozumianej infrastruktury. Ponadto praktycy, a w szczególności pracownicy administracji publicznej, mogą wykorzystywać zaproponowane podejście teoretyczne i metody badawcze w procesach podejmowania decyzji opartych na dowodach.
Relationships Among Higher Education EFL Student Perceptions Toward Fully Online Language Learning and Computer Self-efficacy, Age, Gender, and Proficiency Level in Emergency Remote Teaching Settings
Authors: Cancino Marco , Towle Kylie
Published: July 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore Chilean higher education English as a foreign language (EFL) students’ perceptions toward components of their fully online learning experience and their computer self-efficacy during the CoVID-19 pandemic and assess how these variables are influenced by age, gender, and language proficiency. Method: Participants of the study were 236 undergraduate students (110 males and 126 females) who took a fully online EFL course in a professional institute in Chile. Likert-scale questionnaires were used to gather data on perceptions toward fully online language learning components (online participation, collaborative group work, instructional materials, and learning strategies and styles) and computer self-efficacy (CSE). Findings: Participants held overall positive views toward fully online language learning components but had negative views toward online participation. Findings revealed significant relationships between computer self-efficacy and perceptions toward fully online language learning components. The perceptions that learners held toward fully online courses seem to be unaffected by gender and proficiency level, although gender did impact CSE. Implications for Theory and Practice: Feeling disconnected from peers and the learning experience in general can lead to negative attitudes toward online learning as well as feelings of isolation. Learners may feel unmotivated, frustrated, and discouraged to continue participating in the course. Teachers can nurture a sense of community in the classroom by facilitating dialogue, providing timely feedback, moderating student discussions, and building social networks around learners. It is also important to promote healthy levels of computer self-efficacy that can positively influence perceptions toward group work and learning strategies. Conclusion: Emergency remote teaching can have a negative impact on online participation. As more educational institutions provide their students with online options for attending classes, teachers should focus on increasing peer collaboration and interaction.
Faculty Making the Emergency Online Transition During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Effects of Prior Online Teaching Experience and Strategies Used to Learn to Teach Online (Special Edition 2022)
Authors: Hebert Edward , Wood Ralph , Jeon Kwonchan , Reena Ismatara
Published: July 2022

Objectives: During the COVID-19 pandemic, university faculty experienced an emergency pivot to online instruction in the Spring 2020 semester. Many had no prior online teaching experience and were given little time to adapt. This study examines pre-pandemic online teaching experience and training strategies used to learn how to teach online during the emergency remote teaching semester, perceptions of change in online teaching ability and the pandemic’s impact on teaching effectiveness, and interest in future online teaching opportunities. Method: Full-time faculty (n = 455) from four public regional universities in the southern United States completed a survey at the start of the Fall 2020 semester. Results: Over 35% had no prior online teaching experience, while 43% had taught several online courses. During the pandemic, in an effort to learn or improve online teaching skills, 13.4% sought peer mentoring, 31.9% completed a training program, and 34.9% both sought mentoring and completed training. Perceived online teaching skills, impact of the pandemic on teaching effectiveness, and interest in future online teaching were significantly related to prior online teaching experience and training sought. Conclusions: Faculty with less online experience perceived a greater negative effect of the pandemic on teaching performance and had less interest in future online teaching. Both mentoring and training enhanced perceived teaching skills, lowered the negative impact of the pandemic on teaching effectiveness, and promoted a positive attitude about future online teaching. Implications for Theory or Practice: The results provide support for the importance of faculty development programs in shaping attitudes and perceived effectiveness in online teaching and add to existent research on university faculty during the pandemic. Evidence from studies such as this provides universities with data that may be used to re-evaluate induction and training to improve instructional delivery in future instances when emergency remote teaching is required.
Genes y expresión de factores de virulencia en Escherichia coli aislada en animales de producción
Authors: Sáenz Rojas Sebastián Alejandro , Torres Caycedo Maris Inés , López Velandia Diana Paola
Published: July 2022

Los factores de virulencia de patógenos se expresan una vez superan los mecanismos fisiológicos de respuesta inmune por parte del organismo, Escherichia coli (E. coli) es una bacteria que se considera un problema en salud pública en todo el mundo debido a la alta prevalencia de mecanismos de resistencia y patogenicidad que expresa, se relaciona principalmente con infecciones intestinales y es transmitida en la cadena alimenticia; los determinantes genéticos que codifican factores de virulencia se trasladan entre diferentes especies o la misma, mediante el mecanismo de transferencia horizontal de genes. El objetivo de la presente revisión es describir factores de virulencia y genes que los codifican en cepas de E. coli aisladas de animales de producción y de productos alimenticios. En las bases de datos Medline, Lilacs, ScienceDirect, Scopus, SciELO y Dialnet, se realizó búsqueda utilizando una combinación de palabras claves validadas en inglés (gen, virulence, virulence factor, infection, horizontal gene transfer, mutation and production animals). En diferentes ambientes de producción se identificó la presencia de diferentes mecanismos de virulencia que varían según la especie animal y bacteriana, los genes con mayor circulación con Stx1, Stx2 codificantes de toxinas, Saa de adhesinas, ehxA de enterohemolisina, eaeA de intimina, IpfA de fimbrias. La vigilancia y control microbiológico en el área alimenticia y de producción animal es de gran importancia para evitar posibles brotes de enfermedades en población susceptible, por efecto de los factores de virulencia.
Efecto del uso de abono orgánico con biocarbón sobre las características morfológicas de mazorca de Theobroma cacao cv CCN51
Authors: Barrezueta Unda Salomón , Rizzo Muñiz Jefferson , Añazco Loaiza Hugo
Published: July 2022

La pérdida de fertilidad del suelo y los patógenos afectan de manera directa el rendimiento del cacao. Una alternativa para estos problemas es el uso de abonos orgánicos como el biocarbon (BC). El objetivo de la presente investigación fue medir los efectos de varias dosis de BC de cacao (BCC) y de banano (BCB) en mezcla con humus de lombriz sobre algunos parámetros en la morfología de la mazorca del cacao CCN51. Se delimito cuatro parcelas, en cada una se evaluaron 15 plantas por tratamiento que se conformaron por dosis de: 50 g (T1) y 75 g (T2) de BCC+humus, 50 g (T3) y 75 g (T4) de BCB+humus y dosis de 150 g de humus (T0-parcela control). Los promedios más altos de mazorcas sanas cosechadas (MS) correspondieron a T0 (13,45 MS), seguido de T3, T2 y T4, sin obtener diferencias significativas (p≤0,05) entre los tratamientos, pero si con la parcela control. En mazorcas enfermas (ME) el mayor valor fue de 3,23 (T0) y el promedio más bajo de 1,96. El porcentaje de mazorcas sanas cosechadas varió de 78.54% (T0) a 82.95 %(T4), sin obtener diferencias significativas. Tampoco se obtuvieron diferencias significativas en los parámetros de largo, diámetro y peso de mazorca. El rango de peso de 100 semillas secas fue 166,65 g (T0) a 185,56 g (T1) con diferencias significativas entre los tratamientos. Los tratamientos de BC+humus mostraron valores superiores de MS y menores de ME a los obtenidos en otras investigaciones.
ROMANIAN MILITARY PARATROOPERS - 80 YEARS OF HISTORY (1950-2021)
Authors:   “Nicolae Bălcescu” Land Forces Academy Sibiu, Tanase Mircea , Tanase Alexandru-Mihail ,   “Titu Maiorescu” University Bucharest, Romania
Published: July 2022

In 2021, the military paratroopers celebrated 80 years of existence, since their establishment as a specialty, within the Romanian Aeronautics, later as a distinct specialization and generating, in turn, new military specialties, all vital for a military that wants to be modern and proficient. This specialty, established in the Romanian armed forces at the beginning of the Second World War, was an attempt to respond to and align with the needs and, why not, the modernity of the time. Passed through the difficult test of August 1944, disbanded immediately after the war and reborn from its own ashes in 1950, it managed, despite many hardships and sacrifices, some of which were particularly painful, to impose itself as an elite job profile in the panoply of the contemporary Romanian military. Side by side with the Air Force pilots, who always supported them with aircraft and aerodrome infrastructure, the paratroopers wrote history for modern Romania.
Национална библиотека у Мадриду и дух просветитељства
Authors: Карановић Владимир
Published: July 2022

Током првих година 18. века, Шпанија се суочавала са бројним историјским променама и друштвеним изазовима који су утицали на измену културне политике и развијање свести о потреби да се национално културно наслеђе сачува и учини доступним будућим генерацијама. У овом контексту треба посматрати и концепцију „дириговане културе“, присутну не само на Иберијском полуострву, већ и у другим европским срединама, а чије ће позитивне последице бити оснивање и данас значајних културних институција. Циљ овог рада јесте да се кроз историјат настанка и развоја Националне библиотеке у Мадриду, најзначајније установе тога типа у Шпанији, укаже на значај повољног интелектуалног и друштвено-историјског амбијента у том процесу, али и на важност визије о неопходном очувању културног наслеђа, пре свега изданака националне писане речи. У раду се потврђује теза о погрешној перцепцији неокласичарске уметности и просветитељског покрета у Шпанији као „периода декаденције и културног неуспеха“, с обзиром на то да је управо у тој епохи настала основа за дела шпанске уметности и културе потоњих столећа и то захваљујући остварењу идеје о културном панхиспанизму.
Национална парламентарна библиотека у Jапану
Authors: Васић Данијела
Published: July 2022

У овом раду се анализира развој библиотека у Јапану, који резултира оснивањем Националне парламентарне библиотеке (National Diet Library – NDL). Историја библиотека је у тесној вези с историјом штампарства, које у тој држави трајe од 8. века. Почеци савременог библиотекарства у Јапану везују се за крај 19. века и убрзану модернизацију земље. Прва савремена библиотека у Јапану, Царска библиотека, један је од три стуба на којима је 1948. године формирана Национална парламентарна библиотека. NDL је данас једина национална библиотека у Јапану која носи обележја такве врсте установа: основала ју је влада; као једина депозитна библиотека потражује обавезни примерак, будући да јој је дужност да прикупља и чува писано наслеђе народа; по својим капацитетима је већа од осталих библиотека у земљи; подржава остале, рецимо програмима обуке итд. Уз то, јапанска Национална парламентарна библиотека успева да се избори и са све комплекснијим захтевима савременог друштва усмереног на информационе технологије. Под тим се пре свега подразумева све већа потреба за дигитализацијом, као и за коришћењем свих врста ресурса на даљину.
У подножју Кавказа: књижна култура Грузије од средњег века до савременог доба
Authors: Ђурашиновић Биљана М.
Published: July 2022

У тексту је описана рукописна и штампана традиција Грузије, од појаве писмености до савременог доба. Посебна пажња посвећена је изради рукописа у средњовековним манастирима и библиотекама, међу којима су најзначајније књижне збирке манастира Ивирон на Светој Гори, Свете Катарине на Синају, као и оне у близини Јерусалима и области Тао-Кларџети. По својим калиграфским школама посебно су се истицали манастири Тао-Кларџетија и јерусалимски, а поред функције коју су имали као преписивачки центри, врло често се у оквиру њихових зидина налазила и школа за образовање свештених лица. Поред њих, међу образовним установама су се, нарочито током 12. века, истицале академије Гелати и Икалто.Основне карактеристике савремених библиотека и библиотечке делатности представљене су кроз рад Националне скупштинске библиотеке и Друштва библиотекара Грузије. Штампарска делатност обухваћена је од појаве прве штампане књиге у 17. веку, иако се трајање грузијске рукописне књиге, због специфичних културно-историјских прилика, протеже све до 19. века.
Значај дигиталних библиотека у подстицању самосталног учења у мултимедијском окружењу
Authors: Живковић Весна Р. , Панић Јелка
Published: July 2022

У раду се сагледавају промене настале у процесу наставе и образовања, проузроковане појавом савремених дигиталних технологија, које су подстакле постепени прелазак са традиционалне на мултимедијску наставу, као и значај дигиталних библиотека у функцији пружања информацијских услуга корисницима, посебно изражен у време пандемије вируса корона. Анализира се мултимедијско окружење као веома подстицајно за развијање компетенција за самостално и доживотно учење – предуслов напретка сваког демократски уређеног друштва те улога дигиталних библиотека, које у складу са принципима отвореног приступа информацијама, омогућавају високу доступност научног знања садржаног у њиховим збиркама и колекцијама.
MAKNA NISYᾹN DALAM AL-QUR’AN KAJIAN SEMIOTIKA CHARLES SANDERS PIERCE
Authors: Rizal Teuku Muhammad , Maula Sari
Published: July 2022

This researcher discusses the meaning of nisyān in the Al-Qur'an by using the semiotic analysis of Charles Sanders Perice. This library research used the mauḏû'î (thematic) method by collecting verses which are derivation of the word nisyān. Descriptive analysis was used to describe the data on the interpretation of the Al-Qur'an through the semiotic analysis of Charles Sanders Peirce. Semiotic Charles' theory is famous for his trichotomy; sign, object, and interpretant. This research revealed, based on the object, the meaning of nisyān are things that are intentional in the form of Aqidah. Substantially, all forms of objects are human intentional elements which God will judge against humans. The result of Charles Sanders Peirce's semiosis by placing the word nisyān as a representative that is qualisign in the form of an initial sign related to objects (sinsigns) in the form of things that are intentional by humans related to aqidah, resulting in the interpretant "Forgetting things that are intentional by humans related to aqidah is showing a connection with self-awareness” which in this process is called legisign.
Percursos errantes nas margens da música pop
Authors: Carvalho Nilton Faria de , Vargas Herom
Published: July 2022

O presente texto busca processos de diferenciação a partir das margens da música pop. Tomamos Walter Benjamin como ponto de partida metodológico, seu percurso errante (flânerie) pela moderna metrópole, para propor uma abertura às diferenças sonoras. O caminho nos conduz à experiência de si, menos mediada por regimes midiáticos dominantes, pois a escuta musical aqui se aproxima do experimento proposto por Giorgio Agamben, que se afirma enquanto singularidade. Identifica-se então, na sonoridade de algumas obras, a possibilidade de uma escuta radicalmente aberta que desloca os paradigmas de reconhecimento da música pop nas mídias. O resultado é uma experiência comunicacional de fruição permeada por diferenças e alteridades, que revisa as desigualdades narrativas no cenário da globalização.
formato de captação analógico em filmes históricos contemporâneos
Authors: Sales Thalita Fernandes , Silva Marcel Vieira Barreto
Published: July 2022

Este artigo tem como objetivo analisar o papel do formato analógico em filmes do gênero histórico produzidos nos últimos anos. Para isso, tomamos como corpus os 700 filmes com maior destaque de bilheteria anual entre 2013 e 2019, identificando o formato de captação e o gênero dos mesmos. Utilizando uma metodologia exploratória-descritiva a partir das informações disponibilizadas nos sites Box Office Mojo e Internet Movie Database, os dados coletados na pesquisa verificaram que enquanto houve uma acelerada adesão ao formato de captação digital em filmes de gênero não-histórico ao longo do período analisado, a quantidade de filmes históricos gravados em película permaneceu sem grande variação. Sugerimos que a escolha pelo formato analógico nos filmes históricos se dá não só por preferências estéticas, mas também pelo efeito de passado que o dispositivo carrega.
Celso Furtado e Harold Innis
Authors: Lima Marcelo Rangel , Santos Verlane Aragão
Published: July 2022

Este artigo baseia-se em pesquisa exploratória sobre confluências nos trabalhos de Celso Furtado e Harold Innis. A partir de revisão bibliográfica, buscamos demonstrar como os autores pautaram sua produção sobre lógicas e consequências de relações entre países centrais e periféricos, investigaram aspectos históricos de estruturas econômicas, políticas e culturais nacionais, além de terem refletido sobre como a introdução de novas tecnologias em sistemas de produção afeta sistemas de valores simbólicos. Mesmo considerando particularidades dos períodos de produção e peculiaridades da formação dos países de origem dos autores, evidenciam-se semelhanças entre suas visões, contribuições para a economia política da comunicação e atuações em contextos acadêmicos e institucionais.
Development of algorithmic model for reaction process of subsystems targeted on provision of railway transport safety
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Sirina Nina Fridrikhovna , Sisin Valeriy Alexandrovich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Sisina Olga Andreevna ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: July 2022

Objects of railway infrastructure and railway vehicles are characterized by high probability of occurrence of both acts of unlawful interference into production process and other emergency and abnormal situations. Railway infrastructure objects are easily accessible for trespassing, which is caused by peculiarities of production process connected with transportation and, therefore, with necessity to allow access to many people. As it is impossible to completely eliminate the occurrence of considered situations on infrastructure objects and transport vehicles, minimization of their consequences is an actual problem.
Modeling of passenger traffic splitting by modes of transport by method of weighted group assessments
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Timofeeva Galina Adolfovna , Khazimullin Artem Damirovich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: July 2022

The paper considers methods for modeling passenger traffic splitting at presence on a route of various competing modes of transport. The authors suggest a method based on a hypothesis that passengers of various population groups make decisions based on assessment of importance of route (mode of transport) parameters such as ride time, cost and comfort. On the first stage of the study with the use of data on average income of the population the authors split passengers on groups and for each group they determine coefficients of criteria significance. The algorithm of modeling passenger traffic splitting allows analysing attractiveness for population of newly introduced routes and validity of fares at increase of comfort.
Synthesis of control devices for wayside technological equipment of railway automation with fault detection on FPGA
Authors:   Russian University of Transport (RUT-MIIT), Efanov Dmitriy Viktorovich , Pashukov Artem Valeryevich ,   Russian University of Transport (RUT-MIIT)
Published: July 2022

The paper describes features of synthesis of control devices for wayside technological equipment of signalling, interlocking and block systems on field-programmable gate array (FPGA). In the work the authors consider the simplest example of implementation of a shunting light signal control circuit that demonstrates the synthesis technique. The most important stage is the definition of all interacting objects, input and output data, states and conditions of transition between states. Based on this initial information, a transition graph is formed. Next, a functional basis for implementation is selected (in this case, these are FPGA), and then a coding method to protect the automaton in operation is determined. In order to implement reliable and secure devices, well-known methods are used to ensure these properties for technical objects. The technique allows not only synthesizing control devices for automation objects, but also implementing software tools for their operation and test diagnostics.
Development of variety of alternative solutions for selection of structural and technological parameters of railway stations
Authors:   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Koshheev Anton Alexeevich , Timukhina Elena Nikolaevna ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Kashheeva Natalya Vyacheslavovna ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Okulov Nikolay Evgenyevich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT), Yakushev Nikolay Vasilyevich ,   Ural state university of railway transport (USURT)
Published: July 2022

Selection of rational structural and technological parameters of railway transport objects in conditions of changing traffic parameters is an actual task. This task is connected with development of a variety of alternatives because quality of decision making directly depends on quality of proposed options. Analysis of normative documentation, theory and practice of developing alternative solutions showed that currently used methods are not perfect and therefore need to be further developed. The paper proposes two original approaches to development of alternative solutions with the use of simulation modeling and the «Idea conference» method: combined and synthetic. The paper presents results of the use of the approaches for developing alternative solutions aimed at improving structure and operation technology of a railway station.
A Review of the Gangshang and Loushang : Korean Bronze Age Burial Aspects and its Implications for Social Differentiation Studies
Authors:   Central Institute of Cultural Heritage, Park Ju-Young
Published: July 2022

Looking back on Gangshang (崗上) and Loushang (樓上), it was recognized that the social difference character that had been developed had been accepted without any major opposition or new repercussions. However, since this is an issue in studies of all tombs, including stone mound tombs, it is decided that there should be an opportunity for improvement.
In the process, social differentiation studies state that the conformity of burial aspects to ‘the contexts of a death’ could be a problem. Thus, this study introduced and analyzed the burial styles of stone mound tombs in the Lianan area. In addition, this research clarified the issue of the sacrificial burial, which was raised in a debate over social formation in the North Korean academic community, as well as the refutation of the theory of the sacrificial burial in the South Korean academic community and views on the status of the buried people.
Next, this study highlighted that it would be required to investigate numerous options, to highlight the current studies of Korean bronze age social differentiation's conflicting condition, and to seek answers. Rather than assuming the tombs as the cemetery for communities of kinship or generation, a new concept of stone mound tombs in Gangshang and Loushang was developed due to the incompatibility between the circumstances of death and the burial aspects.
Gangshang and Loushang were brought up and reexamined because there are comprehensive morphological variations-the scale, structure, and refinement of the tomb, labor force investment, and buried relics-funeral practices, and information form the human remains . Hopefully, better alternatives can be presented through a lot of discussions, going back to the situations of burials.
The issue of institutional effectiveness of the system of patriotic education in the regions of Siberian federal district
Authors:   Altai State University, Barnaul, Aseeva Tatyana A.
Published: July 2022

The article attempts to assess some aspects of the system of patriotic education of young people in two regions of the Siberian federal district (SFD) – Krasnoyarsk krai (KK) and Irkutsk oblast (IO). The aim of the paper is to compare the quantitative results of the patriotic education work in the regions with the ideas of high-school children about the way such work should be organized. Thus, the nature of patriotic organizations and institutions engaged in patriotic education of young people is analyzed. The key patriotic activities are identified. The financing of patriotic programs and projects is compared. A comparative analysis of the number of participants of patriotic organizations, their involvement in Internet communications, through social networks is carried out. The results of the analysis show that the systems of patriotic education in the studied regions have different funding. At the same time, the number of patriotic education events is quite large and meet objectives of the “Patriotic education of citizens of the Russian Federation” federal project. However, despite the efforts made by the subjects of patriotic education, schoolchildren show poor awareness and involvement in patriotic events. Giving preference to the classical agents of patriotic education, schoolchildren still believe that patriotism should be developed without pressure from institutionalized subjects. They opt for watching feature films and reading patriotic literature as desired impact, while their experience is mostly limited by visiting museums of different levels. Innovations providing for values and expectations of the younger generation should be introduced to increase the effectiveness of the system of patriotic education and boost patriotic feelings among young people.
Contribución de investigaciones premiadas a la visibilidad de la ciencia en un campus universitario
Authors: Soriano Raquel de la Cruz , Reyes Onelia Guevara , Padilla Tamara Jimenez , Cardenas Ania Guelmes
Published: July 2022

En este artículo se expone la experiencia en la elaboración y presentación de resultados a la convocatoria de premios del Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología y Medio Ambiente, evidencia del impacto logrado. Se aplicaron los métodos de la ciencia como: análisis y síntesis, histórico y lógico, hipotético deductivo; dentro de los empíricos: observación, revisión de documentos, entrevista, acciones de capacitación, realización de sesiones científicas, impartición de conferencias y elaboración conjunta. Se determinaron los resultados científicos con potencialidades para optar por la convocatoria mediante la revisión de documentos, entrevista con docentes-investigadores, la realización de sesiones científicas sobre la temática y la impartición de conferencias sobre el proceder metodológico.
“My Death Was in a Kiss”: Theatrical Propaganda Against Sexually Transmitted Infections in the Early Soviet Union and the United States in the 1920s–1930s
Authors: Kosenko Oxana , Polianski Igor J.
Published: July 2022

We analyze key historical anti–sexually transmitted infection (STI) theatrical performances in the Soviet Union and the United States that were staged to disseminate knowledge and awareness of STIs among the population. The phenomenon of theatrical hygiene propaganda emerged in the USSR after the October Uprising of 1917. The so-called sanitary plays, mock trials, revues, and Living Newspapers addressed important public health issues, one of which was STIs. The Soviet experience provided inspiration for the Federal Theater Project in the United States, which produced socially relevant performances during the Great Depression. The Living Newspaper Spirochete, staged in Chicago, Illinois, in 1938 at the beginning of the “war against syphilis,” became one of the most often staged Living Newspapers in the United States. We compare discourses of the theatrical propaganda against STIs in the Soviet Union and the United States. We aim to explain the driving forces and motives behind the anti-STI movement in both countries and describe structural and performative differences in the anti-STI theatrical productions. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(9):1318–1325. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306933 )
A Social Media‒Based Public Health Campaign Encouraging COVID-19 Vaccination Across the United States
Authors: Hunt Isabella de Vere , Dunn Tamara , Mahoney Megan , Chen Michael , Nava Vanessa , Linos Eleni
Published: July 2022

Tailored public health messaging encouraging COVID-19 vaccination may help increase vaccination rates and decrease the burden of COVID-19. We conducted a three-part COVID-19 vaccine uptake public health campaign disseminated on Facebook between April and June 2021. Our first campaign focused on reaching Black and Latinx communities; our second campaign focused on addressing vaccine access and scheduling in Latinx communities; and our third campaign focused on religious communities. Overall, we reached 25 million individuals with 171 million views across the United States. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(9):1253–1256. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306934 )
Improving Water Quality in the Short Beach Neighborhood of Branford, Connecticut, 2019—A Citizen Science Project
Authors: Esenther Sarah , Schlick Katie , Jossart Christopher , Wang Ningjing , Dubrow Robert , Pascucilla Michael
Published: July 2022

We initiated a collaboration between local government, academia, and citizen scientists to investigate high frequencies of elevated Escherichia coli bacteria levels in the coastal Short Beach neighborhood of Branford, Connecticut. Citizen scientist involvement enabled collection of short-duration postprecipitation outfall flow water samples (mean E. coli level = 4930 most probable number per 100 mL) and yielded insights into scientific collaboration with local residents. A records review and sanitary questionnaire identified aging properties with septic systems (3.3%) and holding tanks (0.6%) as potential sources of the E. coli contamination. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(9):1261–1264. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2022.306943 )
The Effects of Administration of Exogenous Albumin Early after Non-cardiac Surgery on Postoperative AKI in Patients with Preoperative Hypoalbuminemia: A Prospective Propensity-score Matching Analysis
Authors: Yan Miao , Zhou Wei-Jie , Xie Min , Zhu Sai-Nan , Li Nan , Li Shuang-Ling
Published: July 2022

Background: Evidence has shown that preoperative hypoalbuminemia is independently associated with acute kidney injury (AKI) after non-cardiac surgery. However, little study has investigated the effects of administration of exogenous albumin early after non-cardiac surgery on postoperative AKI in patients with preoperative hypoalbuminemia.Methods: This study was a secondary analysis of the database of a previously conducted prospective cohort study. Data of 661 adult patients who underwent non-cardiac surgery and were admitted to Surgical Intensive Care Unit (SICU) after surgery from May 1, 2019, to November 30, 2020, were collected. 267 patients with preoperative hypoalbuminemia were screened, and divided into two groups according to whether they were administrated with exogenous albumin on the day of SICU admission. The demographic and perioperative data of the two groups were propensity-matched.Results：After propensity score matching, 64 pairs of patients were included in the final analysis. The patients of the albumin group showed a higher serum albumin level on postoperative day 1 than that in patients of the control group [31.3±3.4 vs. 29.7±3.8, P=0.008], however, no difference was observed in postoperative AKI incidence between the two groups (59.4% vs. 62.5%, P=0.717). Furthermore, there was no difference in other prognostic factors, such as the use and duration of mechanical ventilation, number of other postoperative complications, in-hospital mortality, length of SICU stay and postoperative hospital stay.Conclusions: The current study did not exhibit benefit of exogenous albumin administration early after non-cardiac surgery on the occurrence of postoperative AKI in patients with preoperative hypoalbuminemia, which needs to be confirmed by further large randomized controlled researches in the future.