bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Estimating Eulerian Energy Spectra from Drifters
Authors: LaCasce J.
Published: October 2016

The relations between the kinetic energy spectrum and the second-order longitudinal structure function for 2D non-divergent flow are derived, and several examples are considered. The transform from spectrum to structure function is illustrated using idealized power-law spectra of turbulent inertial ranges. The results illustrate how the structure function integrates contributions across wavenumber, which can obscure the dependencies when the inertial ranges are of finite extent. The transform is also applied to the kinetic energy spectrum of Nastrom and Gage (1985), derived from aircraft data in the upper troposphere; the resulting structure function agrees well with that of Lindborg (1999), calculated with the same data. The transform from structure function to spectrum is then tested with data from 2D turbulence simulations. When applied to the (Eulerian) structure function obtained from the transform of the spectrum, the result closely resembles the original spectrum, except at the largest wavenumbers. The deviation at large wavenumbers occurs because the transform involves a filter function which magnifies contributions from large separations. The results are noticeably worse when applied to the structure function obtained from pairs of particles in the flow, as this is usually noisy at large separations. Fitting the structure function to a polynomial improves the resulting spectrum, but not sufficiently to distinguish the correct inertial range dependencies. Furthermore, the transform of steep (non-local) spectra is largely unsuccessful. Thus, it appears that with Lagrangian data, it is probably preferable to focus on structure functions, despite their shortcomings.
Health Hazards Associated with Consumption of Roof-Collected Rainwater in Urban Areas in Emergency Situations
Authors: Stewart Carol , Kim Nick , Johnston David , Nayyerloo Mostafa
Published: October 2016

The greater Wellington region, New Zealand, is highly vulnerable to large earthquakes because it is cut by active faults. Bulk water supply pipelines cross the Wellington Fault at several different locations, and there is considerable concern about severe disruption of the provision of reticulated water supplies to households and businesses in the aftermath of a large earthquake. A number of policy initiatives have been launched encouraging householders to install rainwater tanks to increase post-disaster resilience. However, little attention has been paid to potential health hazards associated with consumption of these supplies. To assess health hazards for householders in emergency situations, six 200-litre emergency water tanks were installed at properties across the Wellington region, with five tanks being allowed to fill with roof-collected rainwater and one tank being filled with municipal tapwater as a control. Such tanks are predominantly set aside for water storage and, once filled, feature limited drawdown and recharge. Sampling from these tanks was carried out fortnightly for one year, and samples were analysed for E. coli, pH, conductivity, a range of major and trace elements, and organic compounds, enabling an assessment of the evolution of water chemistry in water storage tanks over time. Key findings were that the overall rate of E. coli detections in the rain-fed tanks was 17.7%, which is low in relation to other studies. We propose that low incidences of may be due to biocidal effects of high zinc concentrations in tanks, originating from unpainted galvanised steel roof cladding. Lead concentrations were high compared to other studies, with 69% of rain-fed tank samples exceeding the World Health Organisation’s health-based guideline of 0.01 mg/L. Further work is required to determine risks of short-term consumption of this water in emergency situations.
A New Dioic Acid from a wbl Gene Mutant of Deepsea-Derived Streptomyces somaliensis SCSIO ZH66
Authors: Huang Huiming , Li Huayue , Qiu Yanhong , Hou Lukuan , Ju Jianhua , Li Wenli
Published: October 2016

The wblAso gene functions as a global regulatory gene in a negative manner in deepsea-derived Streptomyces somaliensis SCSIO ZH66. A new dioic acid (1) as well as two known butenolides (2 and 3) were isolated from the ΔwblAso mutant strain of S. somaliensis SCSIO ZH66. The structure of 1 was elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic analyses, including MS and NMR techniques. In the cell growth inhibitory evaluation, compound 3 exhibited moderate activity against the human hepatic carcinoma cell line (Huh7.5) with an IC50 value of 19.4 μg/mL, while compounds 1 and 2 showed null activity up to 100 μg/mL.
Purification of Antioxidant Peptides by High Resolution Mass Spectrometry from Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion Hydrolysates of Alaska Pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) Skin Collagen
Authors: Sun Liping , Chang Weidan , Ma Qingyu , Zhuang Yongliang
Published: October 2016

In this study, the stable collagen hydrolysate was prepared by alcalase hydrolysis and twice simulated gastrointestinal digestion from Alaska pollock skin. The characteristics of hydrolysates and antioxidant activities in vitro, including 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical (ABTS•+) scavenging activity, ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and hydroxyl radical (OH·) scavenging activity, were determined. After twice simulated gastrointestinal digestion of skin collagen (SGI-2), the degree of hydrolysis (DH) reached 26.17%. The main molecular weight fractions of SGI-2 were 1026.26 and 640.53 Da, accounting for 59.49% and 18.34%, respectively. Amino acid composition analysis showed that SGI-2 had high content of total hydrophobic amino acid (307.98/1000). With the simulated gastrointestinal digestion progressing, the antioxidant activities increased significantly (p < 0.05). SGI-2 was further purified by gel filtration chromatography, ion exchange chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography, and the A1a3c–p fraction with high hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (IC50 = 7.63 μg/mL) was obtained. The molecular weights and amino acid sequences of key peptides of A1a3c–p were analyzed using high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS) combined with de novo software and UniProt of MaxQuant software. Four peptides were identified from A1a3c–p, including YGCC (444.1137 Da) and DSSCSG (554.1642 Da) identified by de novo software and NNAEYYK (900.3978 Da) and PAGNVR (612.3344 Da) identified by UniProt of MaxQuant software. The molecular weights and amino acid sequences of four peptides were in accordance with the features of antioxidant peptides. The results indicated that different peptides were identified by different data analysis software according to spectrometry mass data. Considering the complexity of LC-ESI-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS, it was necessary to use the different methods to identify the key peptides from protein hydrolysates.
Variable-Focus Liquid Lens Integrated with a Planar Electromagnetic Actuator
Authors: Wang Liang , Duan Junping , Zhang Binzhen , Wang Wanjun
Published: October 2016

In this paper, we design, fabricate and characterize a new electromagnetically actuated variable-focus liquid lens which consists of two polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) substrates, a SU-8 substrate, a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane, a permanent magnet and a planar electromagnetic actuator. The performance of this liquid lens is tested from four aspects including surface profiling, optical observation, variation of focal length and dynamic response speed. The results shows that with increasing current, the optical chamber PDMS membrane bulges up into a shape with a smaller radius of curvature, and the picture recorded by a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera through the liquid lens also gradually becomes blurred. As the current changes from −1 to 1.2 A, the whole measured focal length of the proposed liquid lens ranges from −133 to −390 mm and from 389 to 61 mm. Then a 0.8 A square-wave current is applied to the electrode, and the actuation time and relaxation time are 340 and 460 ms, respectively. The liquid lens proposed in the paper is easily integrated with microfluidic chips and medical detecting instruments due to its planar structure.
Synthesis of Polymer-Lipid Nanoparticles by Microfluidic Focusing for siRNA Delivery
Authors: Li Yujing , Huang Xueqin , Lee Robert , Qi Yuhang , Wang Kaikai , Hao Fei , Zhang Yu , Lu Jiahui , Meng Qingfan , Li Shuai , Xie Jing , Teng Lesheng
Published: October 2016

Polyethylenimine (PEI) as a cationic polymer is commonly used as a carrier for gene delivery. PEI-800 is less toxic than PEI-25K but it is also less efficient. A novel nanocarrier was developed by combining PEI-800 with a pH-sensitive lipid to form polymer-lipid hybrid nanoparticles (P/LNPs). They were synthesized by microfluidic focusing (MF). Two microfluidic devices were used to synthesize P/LNPs loaded with VEGF siRNA. A series of P/LNPs with different particle sizes and distributions were obtained by altering the flow rate and geometry of microfluidic chips, and introducing sonication. Furthermore, the P/LNPs can be loaded with VEGF siRNA efficiently and were stable in serum for 12 h. Finally, P/LNPs produced by the microfluidic chip showed greater cellular uptake as well as down-regulation of VEGF protein level in both A549 and MCF-7 with reduced cellular toxicity. All in all, the P/LNPs produced by MF method were shown to be a safe and efficient carrier for VEGF siRNA, with potential application for siRNA therapeutics.
Novel Natural Product- and Privileged Scaffold-Based Tubulin Inhibitors Targeting the Colchicine Binding Site
Authors: Dong Mengqi , Liu Fang , Zhou Hongyu , Zhai Shumei , Yan Bing
Published: October 2016

Tubulin inhibitors are effective anticancer agents, however, there are many limitations to the use of available tubulin inhibitors in the clinic, such as multidrug resistance, severe side-effects, and generally poor bioavailability. Thus, there is a constant need to search for novel tubulin inhibitors that can overcome these limitations. Natural product and privileged structures targeting tubulin have promoted the discovery and optimization of tubulin inhibitors. This review will focus on novel tubulin inhibitors derived from natural products and privileged structures targeting the colchicine binding site on tubulin.
A Novel Tetrahydrocannabinol Electrochemical Nano Immunosensor Based on Horseradish Peroxidase and Double-Layer Gold Nanoparticles
Authors: Lu Dingqiang , Lu Fuping , Pang Guangchang
Published: October 2016

In the current study, a novel double-layer gold nanoparticles-electrochemical immunosensor electrode immobilized with tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) antibody derived from Balb/c mice was developed. To increase the fixed quantity of antibodies and electrochemical signals, an electrochemical biosensing signal amplification system was utilized with gold nanoparticles-thionine-chitosan absorbing horseradish peroxidase (HRP). In addition, a transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to characterize the nanogold solution. To evaluate the quality of the immunosensor, the amperometric I-t curve method was applied to determine the THC in PBS. The results showed that the response current had a good linear correlation with the THC concentration range from 0.01~103 ng/mL with a correlation coefficient of 0.9986. The lowest detection limit for THC was 3.3 pg/mL (S/N = 3). Moreover, it was validated with high sensitivity and reproducibility. Apparently, the immunosensor may be a very useful tool for monitoring the THC.
Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Microwave-Assisted Method for Extraction of Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Components from Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae
Authors: Chen Jue , Liu Mengjun , Wang Qi , Du Huizhi , Zhang Liwei
Published: October 2016

Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have attracted significant attention as a promising green media. In this work, twenty-five kinds of benign choline chloride-based DESs with microwave-assisted methods were applied to quickly extract active components from Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae. The extraction factors, including temperature, time, power of microwave, and solid/liquid ratio, were investigated systematically by response surface methodology. The hydrophilic and hydrophobic ingredients were extracted simultaneously under the optimized conditions: 20 vol% of water in choline chloride/1,2-propanediol (1:1, molar ratio) as solvent, microwave power of 800 W, temperature at 70 °C, time at 11.11 min, and solid/liquid ratio of 0.007 g·mL−1. The extraction yield was comparable to, or even better than, conventional methods with organic solvents. The microstructure alteration of samples before and after extraction was also investigated. The method validation was tested as the linearity of analytes (r2 > 0.9997 over two orders of magnitude), precision (intra-day relative standard deviation (RSD) < 2.49 and inter-day RSD < 2.96), and accuracy (recoveries ranging from 95.04% to 99.93%). The proposed DESs combined with the microwave-assisted method provided a prominent advantage for fast and efficient extraction of active components, and DESs could be extended as solvents to extract and analyze complex environmental and pharmaceutical samples.
Spatiotemporal Variations of Lake Surface Temperature across the Tibetan Plateau Using MODIS LST Product
Authors: Song Kaishan , Wang Min , Du Jia , Yuan Yue , Ma Jianhang , Wang Ming , Mu Guangyi
Published: October 2016

Satellite remote sensing provides a powerful tool for assessing lake water surface temperature (LWST) variations, particularly for large water bodies that reside in remote areas. In this study, the MODIS land surface temperature (LST) product level 3 (MOD11A2) was used to investigate the spatiotemporal variation of LWST for 56 large lakes across the Tibetan Plateau and examine the factors affecting the LWST variations during 2000–2015. The results show that the annual cycles of LWST across the Tibetan Plateau ranged from −19.5 °C in early February to 25.1 °C in late July. Obvious diurnal temperature differences (DTDs) were observed for various lakes, ranging from 1.3 to 8.9 °C in summer, and large and deep lakes show less DTDs variations. Overall, a LWST trend cannot be detected for the 56 lakes in the plateau over the past 15 years. However, 38 (68%) lakes show a temperature decrease trend with a mean rate of −0.06 °C/year, and 18 (32%) lakes show a warming rate of (0.04 °C/year) based on daytime MODIS measurements. With respect to nighttime measurements, 27 (48%) lakes demonstrate a temperature increase with a mean rate of 0.051 °C/year, and 29 (52%) lakes exhibit a temperature decrease trend with a mean rate of −0.062 °C/year. The rate of LWST change was statistically significant for 19 (21) lakes, including three (eight) warming and 17 (13) cooling lakes for daytime (nighttime) measurements, respectively. This investigation indicates that lake depth and area (volume), attitude, geographical location and water supply sources affect the spatiotemporal variations of LWST across the Tibetan Plateau.
Hierarchical Sparse Learning with Spectral-Spatial Information for Hyperspectral Imagery Denoising
Authors: Liu Shuai , Jiao Licheng , Yang Shuyuan
Published: October 2016

During the acquisition process hyperspectral images (HSI) are inevitably corrupted by various noises, which greatly influence their visual impression and subsequent applications. In this paper, a novel Bayesian approach integrating hierarchical sparse learning and spectral-spatial information is proposed for HSI denoising. Based on the structure correlations, spectral bands with similar and continuous features are segmented into the same band-subset. To exploit local similarity, each subset is then divided into overlapping cubic patches. All patches can be regarded as consisting of clean image component, Gaussian noise component and sparse noise component. The first term is depicted by a linear combination of dictionary elements, where Gaussian process with Gamma distribution is applied to impose spatial consistency on dictionary. The last two terms are utilized to fully depict the noise characteristics. Furthermore, the sparseness of the model is adaptively manifested through Beta-Bernoulli process. Calculated by Gibbs sampler, the proposed model can directly predict the noise and dictionary without priori information of the degraded HSI. The experimental results on both synthetic and real HSI demonstrate that the proposed approach can better suppress the existing various noises and preserve the structure/spectral-spatial information than the compared state-of-art approaches.
Transmit Power Allocation for Physical Layer Security in Cooperative Multi-Hop Full-Duplex Relay Networks
Authors: Lee Jong-Ho , Sohn Illsoo , Kim Yong-Hwa
Published: October 2016

In this paper, we consider a transmit power allocation problem for secure transmission in multi-hop decode-and-forward (DF) full-duplex relay (FDR) networks, where multiple FDRs are located at each hop and perform cooperative beamforming to null out the signal at multiple eavesdroppers. For a perfect self-interference cancellation (PSIC) case, where the self-interference signal at each FDR is completely canceled, we derive an optimal power allocation (OPA) strategy using the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions to maximize the achievable secrecy rate under an overall transmit power constraint. In the case where residual self-interferences exist owing to imperfect self-interference cancellation (ISIC), we also propose a transmit power allocation scheme using the geometric programming (GP) method. Numerical results are presented to verify the secrecy rate performance of the proposed power allocation schemes.
An Application of the Short-Term Forecasting with Limited Data in the Healthcare Traveling Industry
Authors: Dang Hoang-Sa , Huang Ying-Fang , Wang Chia-Nan , Nguyen Thuy-Mai-Trinh
Published: October 2016

In real practice, forecasting under the limited data has attracted more attention in business activities, especially in the healthcare traveling industry in its current stage. However, there are only a few research studies focusing on this issue. Thus, the purposes of this paper were to determine the forecasted performance of several current forecasting methods as well as to examine their applications. Taking advantage of the small data requirement for model construction, three models including the exponential smoothing model, the Grey model GM(1,1), and the modified Lotka-Volterra model (L.V.), were used to conduct forecasting analyses based on the data of foreign patients from 2001 to 2013 in six destinations. The results indicated that the L.V. model had higher prediction power than the other two models, and it obtained the best forecasting performance with an 89.7% precision rate. In conclusion, the L.V. model is the best model for estimating the market size of the healthcare traveling industry, followed by the GM(1,1) model. The contribution of this study is to offer a useful statistical tool for short-term planning, which can be applied to the healthcare traveling industry in particular, and for other business forecasting under the conditions of limited data in general.
Security Scheme Based on Parameter Hiding Technic for Mobile Communication in a Secure Cyber World
Authors: Park Jong , Kim Hyungjoo , Kang Jungho
Published: October 2016

Long Term Evolution (LTE) and Long Term Evolution-Advanced (LTE-A) support a better data transmission service than 3G dose and are globally commercialized technologies in a cyber world that is essential for constructing a future mobile environment, since network traffics have exponentially increased as people have started to use more than just one mobile device. However, when User Equipment (UE) is executing initial attach processes to access LTE networks, there is a vulnerability in which identification parameters like International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) and Radio Network Temporary Identities (RNTI) are transmitted as plain texts. It can threat various services that are commercialized therewith in a cyber world. Therefore, a security scheme is proposed in this paper where identification parameters can be securely transmitted and hidden in four cases where initial attach occurs between UE and Mobility Management Entity (MME). The proposed security scheme not only supports encrypted transmission of identification parameters but also mutual authentication between Evolved Node B (eNB) and MME to make a secure cyber world. Additionally, performance analysis results using an OPNET simulator showed the satisfaction of the average delay rate that is specified in LTE standards.
Dynamics of Bacterial Community Abundance and Structure in Horizontal Subsurface Flow Wetland Mesocosms Treating Municipal Wastewater
Authors: Oopkaup Kristjan , Truu Marika , Nõlvak Hiie , Ligi Teele , Preem Jens-Konrad , Mander Ülo , Truu Jaak
Published: October 2016

Dynamics of bacterial community abundance and structure of a newly established horizontal subsurface flow (HSSF) pilot-scale wetland were studied using high-throughput sequencing and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. Bacterial community abundance increased rapidly within one month and stabilised thereafter in three replicate HSSF constructed wetland (CW) mesocosms. The most dominant phylum was Proteobacteria, followed by Bacteroidetes in wetland media biofilms and Firmicutes in influent wastewater. CW bacterial community diversity increased over time and was positively related to the wastewater treatment efficiency. Increase in the abundance of total bacteria in the community was accompanied with the abundance of denitrifying bacteria that promoted nitrate and nitrite removal from the wastewater. During the 150-day study period, similar patterns of bacterial community successions were observed in replicate HSSF CW mesocosms. The data indicate that successions in the bacterial community in HSSF CW are shaped by biotic interactions, with a significant contribution made by external abiotic factors such as influent chemical parameters. Network analysis of the bacterial community revealed that organic matter and nitrogen removal in HSSF CW could be, in large part, allocated to a small subset of tightly interconnected bacterial species. The diversity of bacterial community and abundance of denitrifiers were good predictors of the removal efficiency of ammonia, nitrate and total organic C in HSSF CW mesocosms, while the removal of the seven-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD7) was best predicted by the abundance of a small set of bacterial phylotypes. The results suggest that nitrogen removal in HSSF CW consist of two main pathways. The first is heterotrophic nitrification, which is coupled with aerobic denitrification and mediated by mixotrophic nitrite-oxidizers. The second pathway is anaerobic denitrification, which leads to gaseous intermediates and loss of nitrogen as N2.
Climate Change Will Make Recovery from Eutrophication More Difficult in Shallow Danish Lake Søbygaard
Authors: Rolighed Jonas , Jeppesen Erik , Søndergaard Martin , Bjerring Rikke , Janse Jan , Mooij Wolf , Trolle Dennis
Published: October 2016

Complex lake ecosystem models can assist lake managers in developing management plans counteracting the eutrophication symptoms that are expected to be a result of climate change. We applied the ecological model PCLake based on 22 years of data from shallow, eutrophic Lake Søbygaard, Denmark and simulated multiple combinations of increasing temperatures (0–6 °C), reduced external nutrient loads (0%–98%) with and without internal phosphorus loading. Simulations suggest nitrogen to be the main limiting nutrient for primary production, reflecting ample phosphorus release from the sediment. The nutrient loading reduction scenarios predicted increased diatom dominance, accompanied by an increase in the zooplankton:phytoplankton biomass ratio. Simulations generally showed phytoplankton to benefit from a warmer climate and the fraction of cyanobacteria to increase. In the 6 °C warming scenario, a nutrient load reduction of as much as 60% would be required to achieve summer chlorophyll-a levels similar to those of the baseline scenario with present-day temperatures.
L’architecture funéraire à Chypre du Ier au Xe siècle
Authors: Foulias Andréas , Papageorghiou Athanassios
Published: October 2016

There is no clear evidence to suggest the presence of Christianity in Cyprus during the first three centuries AD. No Christian tombs or cemeteries were found on the island, with the exception of merely six crypto-Christian tombstones with pagan inscriptions. The use of + or symbol instead of the letter X is the only characteristic that differentiates Christian from pagan inscriptions. In the cemeteries of Tsambres and Aphendrica at Rizocarpasso and at Vasa of Kilani, lamps decorated with Christian symbols were found in rock-cut pagan tombs. From this it has been inferred that both pagan and Christian members of the same family shared the same tombs. Elaborate rock-cut tombs of an earlier age were later sanctified by Christians who either painted or carved crosses on their walls. Purely Christian cemeteries have not been found in Cyprus. From as early as the 4th century, box-shaped tombs were used by Christians for the burial of their dead, always facing east-west. In AD 403, Saint Epiphanios was buried in a similar tomb lined with marble slabs. Perhaps this burial was the first intra muros burial, since before that, burials inside the walls of the city were prohibited. However, the prohibition of burials within the walls continued at least down to the 7th or 8th century. Burials within the walls and in churches were reserved for saints or famous bishops. As a rule, saints were buried in sarcophagi of marble, stone or ceramic, which were placed either in tombs or churches. In Cyprus, relics were not deposited under the altar ; they were deposited in chapels attached to the sanctuary of the basilicas. Despite of the fact that almost all Early Christian basilicas in Cyprus have a narthex, this was very rarely intended for burial use. Two cases of built arcosolia inside churches (Ayia Paraskevi at Yeroskipou, and Ayia Athanasia at Rizocarpasso) have been dated to the 8th century. From the 7th century onwards, the immediate area around the churches was used as a Christian cemetery, as was the case with the basilica of Chryssopolitissa in Paphos, which was seized and destroyed by the Arabs in AD 653, at which time the middle aisle of the basilica, which lay outside the small 8th-century church built on its ruins, was used as a burial site. This practice appears to have been applied in several other subsequent cases.
Excavations at the Hill of Ayios Yeoryios (Nicosia) Area VIII: The churches.
Authors: Pilides Despina
Published: October 2016

Les fouilles de sauvetage sur la colline d’Ayios Yeoryios à Nicosie, site prévu pour la construction de la Chambre des Représentants, ont fait connaître une série d’églises superposées dans la partie nord de la colline. Quatre phases d’occupation successives ont été clairement mises en évidence dans la zone explorée, mais elles peuvent avoir été plus nombreuses, à en juger par d’autres vestiges épars, mal conservés. Elles s’échelonnent entre le VIIe siècle et, au plus tôt, le XVIe siècle apr. J.-C. Toutes ces phases étaient associées à des tombes et, même si la fouille a été réalisée dans des conditions particulièrement stressantes, elles ont enrichi notre connaissance de la topographie de Nicosie et apporté un témoignage qui peut être pris en compte dans l’examen des sources littéraires relatives à l’environnement de Nicosie.
L’architecture chrétienne dans la région d’Amathonte à l’époque byzantine (IVe-XIIe siècles). Recherches archéologiques 1991-2012
Authors: Procopiou Eleni
Published: October 2016

The ancient city of Amathous, the so-called “ Palaia Lemesos” was the seat of the second most important district of the island in Roman times, after Nea Paphos. The Troodos Mountain mines, the major factor of its prosperity, were included within its boundaries to the north, as well as the Kourion kingdom area to the west, including the Akrotiri peninsula, the Kouris valley, and probably even that of Evdhimou, and to the east the Vassilikos and Pentaschoinos valleys. Within this area, two major bishoprics are known, those of Kourion and Amathous, both very closely related with a third one, that of Neapolis, the autonomy of which is under question. The province remained important even after the removal of the capital city to Constantia in the 4th century, and at the end of the 6th century appears to have been the seat of the Archon Epiphanios, a man who must have played an important role in the restructuring of the defensive system of the island, whereas his son, St John the Almoner, left behind monumental structures reflecting his care for the Christians of his birthplace, Amathous, as well as for the Church as a whole. Great figures, namely saintly bishops, developed important activity, reflected in the ecclesiastical architecture of the area. The monuments uncovered in the last 20 years by the Department of Antiquities, dating from the beginning of the 4th century until 1222, enriched our knowledge regarding that activity and add important information that helps put together a picture of that period This article is the first step.
Francs de Chypre et monastères grecs : le jus patronatus en question
Authors: Voisin Ludivine
Published: October 2016

After the conquest of 1191 an undefined number of Greek monasteries have been incorporated into Latin fiefdoms. If sources tend to proove that Latins have supported Greek monasteries, the legal forms of their relationships, and specially the continuity of the jus patronatus, are not clear. And yet, this jus patronatus might reveal Frankish identity.
Looking Anew at the curvilinear tracery of the Bellapais Abbey Cloister
Authors: Olympios Michalis
Published: October 2016

Les remplages curvilinéaires présents dans les galeries sud et est du cloître de l’abbaye royale de Bellapaïs n’ont pas retenu l’attention des spécialistes. Néanmoins, la rareté de ce type de décor architectural en Chypre et les particularités de ses traits formels appellent un réexamen. Les ressemblances stylistiques évidemment très proches avec les formes anglaises de l’English Decorated Style et l’existence documentée d’exemples supplémentaires de ce type de remplage à Nicosie suscitent des questions sur les dates de réalisation, sur l’origine de la commande et sur la place d’un tel développement dans l’historiographie du gothique tardif européen.
Betwixt Greeks, Saracens and Crusaders. Lusignan Coinage and its Place in the Eastern Mediterranean (1192-1324)
Authors: Papadopoulou Pagona
Published: October 2016

La période des croisades connut une série d’évolutions qui transformèrent la Méditerranée orientale en modifiant la production et la circulation monétaires des nouveaux États de l’Orient latin. Plusieurs tendances caractérisaient les monnayages de la région : l’imitation des monnayages des États voisins, l’inspiration tirée de la tradition numismatique de la patrie des conquérants ou encore l’adoption de modèles frappés par des États puissants dans le domaine politique, économique/ commercial ou militaire. Cette tendance, qui favorisait comme prototypes les monnayages de la Méditerranée orientale (byzantin, fatimide, etc.), continua jusqu’au milieu du XIIIe siècle. La floraison des cités commerciales italiennes modifia cependant cette situation, car les prototypes pour les monnayages locaux furent ensuite fournis par les monnayages occidentaux (vénitien, angevin, etc.). Dans ce contexte, le monnayage des Lusignan se révèle comme une exception. On discerne deux moments importants. Le premier correspond à l’introduction par Guy de Lusignan d’un système hybride, combinant des éléments byzantins et croisés/ occidentaux. Ce système facilitait les contacts du jeune royaume avec l’Orient croisé et l’Empire byzantin. Le deuxième se traduit par la réforme monétaire d’Henri II (1285-1324) qui conduisit à l’abandon de l’étalon d’or et à l’introduction d’une monnaie d’argent pur, le gros. Ceci permit à Chypre de mieux s’intégrer dans le réseau commercial de la Méditerranée orientale, où l’argent prédominait durant la première moitié du XIVe siècle. Bien que le monnayage chypriote présente des affinités avec d’autres monnayages contemporains (byzantin et croisés au XIIe siècle, capétien et angevin aux XIIIe-XIVe siècles), il est loin de constituer une imitation de ceux-ci. En tenant compte des tendances de l’époque et des particularités de l’économie chypriote, on peut affirmer que les deux réformes monétaires des Lusignan se caractérisaient par leur degré d’innovation et par leur réalisme.
RESOLVING CLOSE ENCOUNTERS: STABILITY IN THE HD 5319 AND HD 7924 PLANETARY SYSTEMS
Authors: Kane Stephen R.
Published: October 2016

Radial velocity searches for exoplanets have detected many multi-planet systems around nearby bright stars. An advantage of this technique is that it generally samples the orbit outside of the inferior/superior conjunction, potentially allowing the Keplerian elements of eccentricity and argument of periastron to be well characterized. The orbital architectures for some of these systems show signs of close planetary encounters that may render the systems unstable as described. We provide an in-depth analysis of two such systems: HD 5319 and HD 7924, for which the scenario of coplanar orbits results in their rapid destabilization. The poorly constrained periastron arguments of the outer planets in these systems further emphasizes the need for detailed investigations. An exhaustive scan of parameter space via dynamical simulations reveals specific mutual inclinations between the two outer planets in each system that allow for stable configurations over long timescales. We compare these configurations with those presented by mean-motion resonance as possible stability sources. Finally, we discuss the relevance to interpretation of multi-planet Keplerian orbits and suggest additional observations that will help to resolve the system stabilities.
VARIABLE RADIO EMISSION FROM THE YOUNG STELLAR HOST OF A HOT JUPITER
Authors: Bower Geoffrey C. , Loinard Laurent , Dzib Sergio , Galli Phillip A. B. , Ortiz-León Gisela N. , Moutou Claire , Donati Jean-Francois
Published: October 2016

We report the discovery of variable radio emission associated with the T Tauri star, V830 Tau, which was recently shown to host a hot Jupiter companion. Very Large Array observations at a frequency of 6 GHz reveal a detection on 2011 May 1 with a flux density 919 ± 26 μJy, along with non-detections in two other epochs at

and <150 μJy. Additionally, Very Long Baseline Array observations include one detection and one non-detection at comparable sensitivity, demonstrating that the emission is nonthermal in origin. The emission is consistent with the gyro-synchrotron or synchrotron mechanism from a region with a magnetic field

G and is likely driven by an energetic event such as magnetic reconnection that accelerated electrons. With the limited data we have, we are not able to place any constraint on the relationship between the radio emission and the rotational or orbital properties of V830 Tau. This is the first detection of radio emission from a non-degenerate star known to host an exoplanet.
THE LOPSIDED DISTRIBUTION OF SATELLITE GALAXIES
Authors: Libeskind Noam I. , Guo Quan , Tempel Elmo , Ibata Rodrigo
Published: October 2016

The distribution of smaller satellite galaxies around large central galaxies has attracted attention because peculiar spatial and kinematic configurations have been detected in some systems. A particularly striking example of such behavior is seen in the satellite system of the Andromeda galaxy, where around 80% are on the near side of that galaxy, facing the Milky Way. Motivated by this departure from anisotropy, we examined the spatial distribution of satellites around pairs of galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. By stacking tens of thousands of satellites around galaxy pairs, we found that satellites tend to bulge toward the other central galaxy, preferably occupying the space between the pair, rather than being spherically or axis-symmetrically distributed around each host. The bulging is a function of the opening angle examined and is fairly strong—there are up to ∼10% more satellites in the space between the pair than expected from uniform. Consequently, it is a statistically very strong signal, being inconsistent with a uniform distribution at the 5σ level. The possibility that the observed signal is the result of the overlap of two halos with extended satellite distributions is ruled out by testing this hypothesis by performing the same tests on isolated galaxies (and their satellites) artificially placed at similar separations. These findings highlight the unrelaxed and interacting nature of galaxies in pairs.
TIMING OBSERVATIONS OF PSR J1023+0038 DURING A LOW-MASS X-RAY BINARY STATE
Authors: Jaodand Amruta , Archibald Anne M. , Hessels Jason W. T. , Bogdanov Slavko , D’Angelo Caroline R. , Patruno Alessandro , Bassa Cees , Deller Adam T.
Published: October 2016

Transitional millisecond pulsars (tMSPs) switch, on roughly multi-year timescales, between rotation-powered radio millisecond pulsar (RMSP) and accretion-powered low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) states. The tMSPs have raised several questions related to the nature of accretion flow in their LMXB state and the mechanism that causes the state switch. The discovery of coherent X-ray pulsations from PSR J1023+0038 (while in the LMXB state) provides us with the first opportunity to perform timing observations and to compare the neutron star’s spin variation during this state to the measured spin-down in the RMSP state. Whereas the X-ray pulsations in the LMXB state likely indicate that some material is accreting onto the neutron star’s magnetic polar caps, radio continuum observations indicate the presence of an outflow. The fraction of the inflowing material being ejected is not clear, but it may be much larger than that reaching the neutron star’s surface. Timing observations can measure the total torque on the neutron star. We have phase-connected nine XMM-Newton observations of PSR J1023+0038 over the last 2.5 years of the LMXB state to establish a precise measurement of spin evolution. We find that the average spin-down rate as an LMXB is 26.8 ± 0.4% faster than the rate (−2.39 × 10−15 Hz s−1) determined during the RMSP state. This shows that negative angular momentum contributions (dipolar magnetic braking, and outflow) exceed positive ones (accreted material), and suggests that the pulsar wind continues to operate at a largely unmodified level. We discuss implications of this tight observational constraint in the context of possible accretion models.
THE COMPLEX CIRCUMNUCLEAR ENVIRONMENT OF THE BROAD-LINE RADIO GALAXY 3C 390.3 REVEALED BY CHANDRA HETG
Authors: Tombesi F. , Reeves J. N. , Kallman T. , Reynolds C. S. , Mushotzky R. F. , Braito V. , Behar E. , Leutenegger M. A. , Cappi M.
Published: October 2016

We present the first high spectral resolution X-ray observation of the broad-line radio galaxy 3C 390.3 obtained with the high-energy transmission grating spectrometer on board the Chandra
X-ray Observatory. The spectrum shows complex emission and absorption features in both the soft X-rays and Fe K band. We detect emission and absorption lines in the energy range E = 700–1000 eV associated with ionized Fe L transitions (Fe XVII–XX). An emission line at the energy of E ≃ 6.4 keV consistent with the Fe Kα is also observed. Our best-fit model requires at least three different components: (i) a hot emission component likely associated with the hot interstellar medium in this elliptical galaxy with temperature kT = 0.5 ± 0.1 keV; (ii) a warm absorber with ionization parameter logξ = 2.3 ± 0.5 erg s−1 cm, column density logN
H = 20.7 ± 0.1 cm−2, and outflow velocity v
out < 150 km s−1; and (iii) a lowly ionized reflection component in the Fe K band likely associated with the optical broad-line region or the outer accretion disk. These evidences suggest the possibility that we are looking directly down the ionization cone of this active galaxy and that the central X-ray source only photoionizes along the unobscured cone. This is overall consistent with the angle-dependent unified picture of active galactic nuclei.
THE ACS FORNAX CLUSTER SURVEY. XII. DIFFUSE STAR CLUSTERS IN EARLY-TYPE GALAXIES
Authors: Liu Yiqing , Peng Eric W. , Lim Sungsoon , Jordán Andrés , Blakeslee John , Côté Patrick , Ferrarese Laura , Pattarakijwanich Petchara
Published: October 2016

Diffuse star clusters (DSCs) are old and dynamically hot stellar systems that have lower surface brightness and more extended morphology than globular clusters (GCs). Using the images from Hubble Space Telescope (HST)/ACS Fornax Cluster Survey, we find that 12 out of 43 early-type galaxies (ETGs) in the Fornax Cluster host significant numbers of DSCs. Together with literature data from the HST/ACS Virgo Cluster Survey, where 18 out of 100 ETGs were found to host DSCs, we systematically study the relationship of DSCs with GCs and their host galaxy environment. Two DSC hosts are post-merger galaxies, with most of the other hosts either having low mass or showing clear disk components. We find that while the number ratio of DSCs to GCs is nearly constant in massive galaxies, the DSC-to-GC ratio becomes systematically higher in lower-mass hosts. This suggests that DSCs may be more efficient at forming (or surviving) in low-density environments. DSC hosts are not special either in their position in the cluster or in the galactic color–magnitude diagram. Why some disk and low-mass galaxies host DSCs while others do not is still a puzzle, however. The mean ages of DSC hosts and nonhosts are similar at similar masses, implying that formation efficiency rather than survival is the reason behind different DSC number fractions in ETGs.
Strain engineering of electrical conductivity in epitaxial thin Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3 film heterostructures
Authors: Mackevičiūtė Rūta , Bagdzevičius Šarūnas , Ivanov Maksim , Fraygola Barbara , Grigalaitis Robertas , Setter Nava , Banys Jūras
Published: October 2016

Thin epitaxial films have a great potential to be used in real life applications, such as oxide-on-silicon. However, they often contain a large amount of defects, leading to an enhanced electrical conductivity. This could be desirable in some applications (i. e. memristors), but the mechanism is not fully understood. Here we report on the investigation of epitaxial barium strontium titanate thin films deposited on strontium titanate single crystal substrates (Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3/SrRuO3//SrTiO3 heterostructures) with a controlled epitaxial strain. The impedance analysis allowed us to propose a model, which explains changes in the temperature dependence of the conductivity based on the strain-dependent anisotropic change of electron/hole mobility.
Penser l’altérité avec Lost : Foucault, Lacan et la médiation du regard
Authors: Willis Louis-Paul
Published: October 2016

Parmi les nombreuses références à la philosophie qui se déclinent au sein de son univers narratif, Lost est notamment traversé par une thématique prédominante pouvant être rattachée à la pensée de Michel Foucault, la dynamique du regard et de la surveillance marquant l’un des aspects les plus notoires de la série. Les thèmes propres au panoptisme et aux sociétés disciplinaires fondent effectivement plusieurs pans cruciaux de l’intrigue, et plusieurs analyses de la série en font aisément la démonstration. Cet article se propose pour sa part d’examiner les répercussions spectatorielles liées à cette thématique, qui traverse les six saisons de Lost, en tissant des liens entre le regard panoptique et le regard dans sa conception psychanalytique, élaborée par Jacques Lacan. En analysant ces deux regards déployés au champ de l’Autre, il est ensuite possible d’aborder Lost comme un discours télévisuel qui explore la nature même de l’existence subjective à l’ère du panoptisme. En explorant l’importance et le déploiement de ces concepts dans la série, il s’avère possible de constater la radicalité qu’elle articule autour de la notion de l’altérité, ainsi que son expression par le biais de la médiation du regard.
Fuzzy-Based Querying Approach for Multidimensional Big Data Quality Assessment
Authors: Pradheep Kumar K.  , Venkata Subramanian D.
Published: October 2016

This paper is intended to design a fuzzy based approach to assess standards and quality of big data. It also serves as a platform to organizations that intend to migrate their existing database environment to big data environment. Data is assessed using a multidimensional approach based on quality factors like accuracy, completeness, reliability, usability, etc. These factors are analysed by constructing decision trees to identify the quality aspects which need to be improved. In this work fuzzy queries have been designed. The queries are grouped as sets namely Excellent, Optimal, Fair and Hybrid. Based on the fuzzy data sets formed and the query compatibility index, a query set is chosen. A data set that has a very high degree of membership is assigned a fair query set. A data set with a medium degree of membership is assigned a optimal query set. A data set that has a lesser degree of membership is assigned a Excellent query set. A data set which needs a combination of queries of all the above is assigned a hybrid query set. The fuzzy query based approach reduces the query compatibility index by 36%, compared to a normal query set approach.
A Fuzzy-Based Calorie Burn Calculator for a Gamified Walking Activity Using Treadmill
Authors: Subramaniam Prabhakar Rontala , Venugopal Chitra , Sangaiah Arun Kumar
Published: October 2016

Gamification can be viewed as a process design which encapsulates competition, achievements, status and self-expression. Gamification is used as a tool for improving physical fitness. In this chapter the physical activity using treadmill walking is considered. Calorie burn calculation plays a vital role in the gamification design. In treadmill calorie burn calculation, traditional and fuzzy based methods are compared for effective gamification. In the traditional calorie burn calculation method different equations are used for different incline levels. In the fuzzy logic method fuzzy reasoning technique is applied to calculate the calorie burn for different incline levels. It is identified that fuzzy based calorie calculation enhances physical activity and supports Gamification. Fuzzy based calorie burn calculation methods produces approximate values and supports the players to choose higher incline levels instead of lower incline levels and thereby burning more calories.
An Adaptive Fuzzy-Based Service-Oriented Approach with QoS Support for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
Authors: Subramaniam Prabhakar Rontala
Published: October 2016

An attempt in implementing on-demand, QoS supported Vehicular Ad hoc Network (VANET) routing algorithms has taken new dimensions. Delivering information in time to achieve reliability across vehicles (nodes) is still being a challenge among the VANET research groups. An effort to develop a QoS adaptive routing schemes using soft computing techniques is made in this research work. SADVA – An adaptive fuzzy based QoS service oriented approach for VANET is presented in this paper. The performance of SADVA is compared with AODV (Perkins, Royer, & Das, 2003), GV-GRID (Li, & Yu, 2007), DSR (Johnson, Maltz, & Hu, 2004), FSR (Gerla, 2002), DYMO (Chakeres, & Perkins, 2006), REDEM (Prabhakar, Sivanandham, & Arunkumar, 2011b), and QARS (Prabhakar et al, 2011a). SADVA employs fuzzy logic system to determine the vehicle's speed over an effective time period for different types of service in use between multiple VANET nodes to engage or cooperate in communication. This chapter focuses on designing and developing QoS aware routing protocol for multi-hop VANET. Metrics such as number of packets received per second, percentage of packet loss and time for route establishment are used to analyse the network situation. Simulation test runs are carried out using Two Ray Ground propagation model where vehicular traffic is generated according to a Poisson process.