bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Rotation Energy Harvesting Device
Authors: Tsai Bor Jang , Wang Jung Chi
Published: April 2014

An innovative approach to energy harvesting is to integrate the capture of fragmented energy with micro-electromechanical system (MEMS) to achieve the power self-sufficiency needed for the circuit to function as an autonomous system. This study used a micro-motor as a micro-generator for capturing not only fragmented energy, but also instantaneous energy. The experimental results confirm that energy can be captured from uncollected daily rotational mechanical energy with sufficiently high efficiency and low cost to replace the conventional battery power used in wireless sensors. Applications of this technology in green buildings can not only reduce the energy wasted by wiring, but can also improve internal aesthetics.
Effect of Leaching Treatment on Mechanical Properties of Natural Rubber Latex (NRL) Products Filled Modified Kaolin
Authors: Harahap Hamidah , Surya Elmer , Surya Indra , Hanafi Ismail , Azahari Baharin
Published: April 2014

In this study, an effect of leaching treatment on the mechanical properties of natural rubber latex (NRL) products was investigated. The products were prepared by compounding the NRL dispersion system with modified kaolin as fillers then it was formed by dipping method. It was found that incorporation of fillers in NRL would result in lowering mechanical properties of vulcanizates when the leaching was performed. The results were confirmed further by characterization of Fourier-Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
A Suitable Method of Energy Storage Capacity Optimization Based on DFT for BIPV
Authors: Li Bin , Chen Shu , Liang Shui Ying
Published: April 2014

Building Integrated with Photovotaic (BIPV) will become an effective way of building energy efficiency. A capacity determination method of energy storage system based on spectral analysis for BIPV was presented. To take both the isolated operation and grid-connected operation into account, the energy storage capacity can be determined based on spectrum analysis results of the control power to smooth power fluctuations in microgrid. Results indicate that the power control target of tie-line in microgrid can be achieved and the power fluctuations of BIPV output power and load power can be effectively smoothed by a relatively small capacity of energy storage system determined by the presented method.
Intelligent Control System Design of a Unmanned Quadrotor Robot
Authors: Baek Seung Jun , Jeon Young Pil , Cho Uk Rae , Park Joung Ho , Lee Deok Jin , Chong Kil To
Published: April 2014

This paper presents the position and attitude control of an unmanned aerial vehicle known as a quadrotor. A design methodology is introduced that a fuzzy logic controller in an intelligent way. It offers several advantages over certain types of conventional control methods, specifically in dealing with highly nonlinear systems and modeling uncertainties. The proposed controller was located at a position feedback loop which composed of x,y and z. Plus, it also designed at the angle acceleration loop. Simulation results prove the efficiency of this intelligent control strategy.
A Mobile Robot Obstacle Avoidance Using Fuzzy Logic and Model Predictive Control
Authors: Baasandorj Bayanjargal , Reyaz Aamir , Ho Park Joung , Cheol Cha Wang , Lee Deok Jin , Chong Kil To
Published: April 2014

This paper presents a method of solving the problem of mobile robot Obstacle avoidance and path planning in an unknown dynamic environment. A linear model of the two-wheeled nonholonomic robot controlled using Model predictive control controller. For obstacle avoidance Fuzzy logic control is used. The ultrasonic sensors are used for positioning and identifying an obstacle. The proposed method is successfully tested in simulations. Obstacle avoiding technique is very useful in real life, this technique can also use as a vision belt of blind people by changing the IR sensor by a kinetic sensor ,which is on type of microwave sensor whose sensing range is very high and the output of this sensor vary in according to the object position changes.
Development of a Force Feedback System for Omni-Directional Telepresence Robot
Authors: Hwang Jeong Uk , Park Tae Hyoung
Published: April 2014

This paper describes an existing force feedback system for an omni-directional telepresence robot developed by Chungbuk National University and its implementation with force feedback. The method proposed in this paper features force feedback on a joystick in order to reduce the risk caused by the delay between communications and to help a remote user safely adjust the robot when an unexpected situation occurred or obstacle is detected. This method complements the method being used in existing telepresence systems based on remote control, only depends on a camera and ultrasonic sensors to reduce the delay between communications. Additionally, it takes into account the moving speed of the robot. It is shown through experiments that the proposed method can detect obstacles effectively and print out the force feedback suited to a situation using force feedback based on fuzzy control.
Intelligence Dumping into Autonomous Robotic Systems for Higher Autonomy
Authors: Cotsaftis Michel
Published: April 2014

More global decision making delegation should be given today man made systems with large number of heterogeneous components and high complexity. A new paradigm is proposed for mix of power and information fluxes at task control level for goal accomplishment, with associated trajectory manifold resulting from system self-organization. It rests upon system invariants characterizing Complex Systems (CS) dynamics, and uses qualitative methods independent of system state dimension privileging robustness to compensate impreciseness of system parameters and functional variations. A well defined control law is constructed in explicit terms from mathematical representation of system dynamics, guaranteeing both asymptotic stability and robustness. A “determinism” criterion for autonomous system is considered with evaluation of resulting constraints on system parameters. Proposed merging of Complex Systems with Information Technologies (IT) provides a first step toward system autonomous intelligence.
A New Approach for Face Recognition Performance Evaluation for Robot Using LED Monitor
Authors: Cho Mi Young , Jeong Young Sook , Chun Byung Tae
Published: April 2014

With the increasing of service robots, human-robot interaction for natural communication between user and robot is becoming more and more important. Especially, face recognition is a key issue of HRI. Even though robots mainly use face detection and recognition to provide various services, it is still difficult to guarantee of performance due to insufficient test methods in point of view robot. So, we propose a new performance evaluation method for robot using LED monitor.
Actuation by Pneumatic Muscles of a Parallel Asymmetric Gripper System
Authors: Negrea Doina , Deaconescu Andrea , Deaconescu Tudor
Published: April 2014

Deployment of pneumatic muscles for the actuation of gripper systems is a solution with numerous benefits, related mostly to the developed force, structural rigidity, compliance and dexterity. The paper discusses a gripper variant with parallel jaws, actuated by a pneumatic muscle. The structure of the mechanism is presented, and the transmission functions of speeds and forces are determined. Due to its construction, the gripper system can be used for precision applications, similar to natural systems.
Dynamic Response of Commuter Rail Vehicle under Lateral Track Irregularity
Authors: Harun M.H. , Zailimi W.M. , Jamaluddin Hishamuddin , Rahman R.A. , Hudha K.
Published: April 2014

Lateral track irregularities normally occur when both rail lines have some displacement laterally with respect to the original track due to prolonged exposure to sun’s heat, or may also arise from specific features such as switch and crossing work of track. These track irregularities will cause unwanted body vibration of commuter rail vehicle. These vibrations have to be suppressed for the purpose of ride comfort. This paper presents two control strategies in semi-active suspension systems which are PID and disturbance rejection control to improve passenger ride comfort. A half car model of commuter rail vehicle with three-degree-of-freedom (3-DOF) was developed based on Second Newton's Law. Vibration analyses based on simulation results in time domains are compared with passive system using MATLAB-Simulink software. The results show that the semi-active controllers are able to suppress rail vehicle body responses effectively.
FEM Analysis for the Influence of Manufacturing Process Defects on Dynamic Behavior of Thin Chromium Microbeam
Authors: Bourouina H. , Yahiaoui R. , Majlis B.Y. , Hassein-Bey A. , Benamar M.E.A. , Sahar A.
Published: April 2014

This paper identifies and investigates the influence of technological defects of manufacturing process on the dynamic behavior of thin chromium microbeam. The analytical models will be analyzed and corrected using finite element method (FEM) to determine their validity under influence of technological defects. A semi-analytical model will be proposed for the extraction of corrective factors from 3D FEM simulation of dynamic behavior of microbeam. Final results indicate that the correction of technological defects is very significant for Cr microbeam 80x2x0.95μm3. In other hand, the corrected value of Young’s modulus is very close to the experimental results and it is about 279.1GPa.
Optimization of Drying and Extraction Process of Pereskia bleo Leaves in Determining Antioxidant Properties Utilizing Pareto ANOVA
Authors: Abdul Manaf Shareena Fairuz , Ab Aziz Nur Shahidah , Abdullah Syawal , Raslan Rafeqah , Hamzah Fazlena , Alias Nur Hashimah
Published: April 2014

Pereskia Bleo is commonly used among the local traditional medicine practitioners to prevent or treat cancer by consuming the leaves either raw or taken as a concoction brewed from fresh leaves. However, more research, regulation and standardization are required before herbal medicines can be recommended as effective and safe therapies. The objectives of this study are to obtain the optimum drying parameter and to identify the concentrations of phenolic content expressed as gallic acid equivalents (GAEs) in Pereskia bleo leaves. Pareto ANOVA method was used to study the optimum condition and the total phenolic content via F-Test using three samples for variance and three-factor with replication. Taguchi ANOVA was performed using SN ratio with L9 orthogonal array to accommodate the three factor level. The drying time were tested for 3 hours, 4 hours and 5 hours. The result shows that drying time is the significant factor in drying process and followed by drying temperature and solvent volume used. The drying experiments were conducted at operating temperature of 35 °C, 40 °C and 45 °C. While the extraction were conducted at different volume using methanol of 150 ml, 180 ml and 200 ml. The standard curve of total phenolic content was based on the gallic acid compound. The total phenolic content in C2 was at the most suitable for being used as antioxidant for consumption in human body with drying time of 5 hours at 45 °C by using 180 ml of methanol for extraction of P.bleo leaves.
A Study on the Key Technologies of a Kind of Automatic Packaging System
Authors: Chen Bao Jiang , Ge Tian Zi , Wang Jian Zhi
Published: April 2014

In order to improve the productivity of the filing form materials continuously and automatically packaged line, the control methods for the manipulator and the mechanism which has the capacity of weight self-measuring and auto–filling to the packaged material were studied. The manipulator is a pneumatic control system, it is consists of three pneumatic cylinder circuits to implement the horizontal movements, vertical movements and the activities of picking up or putting down the materials on line. The material to be picked up by manipulator was weighed and displayed by a single chip microcomputer. The general control function of the system was carried out by a PLC unit. The structure changeable type of simulating human being intelligence control methods resulting in the real observing at the objective changes were studied and implemented to achieve the plant high in positioning accuracy and fast in response speed. The experiments were realized and the results showed that the working period time is less than 5.8s,the weight variation measured by single chip microcomputer is not more than 2 grams in 300 grams.
Research on the Key Issues of Numerical Controlled Machine Layout Design
Authors: Xu Zhi Gang
Published: April 2014

Formulas for the derivatives and normal vectors of non-rational B-spline and NURBS are proved based on de BOOR’s recursive formula. Compared with the existing approaches targeting at the non-rational B-spline basis functions, these equations are directly targeted at the controlling points, so the algorithms and programs for NURBS curve and surface can also be applied to the derivatives and normals, the calculating performance is increased. A simplified equation is also proved in this paper.
PI Control of Proportional Valve-Cylinder Water Hydraulic System
Authors: Ba Xin , Luo Xiao Hui , Zhao Xu Feng , Zhu Yu Quan
Published: April 2014

Water hydraulic components have been developed rapidly in recent years. However many problems such as low lubricity and leakage limited the performance of them, especially water proportional valves. A proportional valve- hydraulic cylinder system with tap water as working medium is chosen as object to investigate the performance of water hydraulic system. With regarding to the weaknesses of the selected 4/3 proportional valve including lag, dead zone and nonlinearity, an integral separation PI arithmetic based close-loop controller is developed. Experiments results verified the electro-hydraulic proportional system of fast response speed and high accuracy.
Two Types of Neural Network Prediction Models and Time Complexity
Authors: Zhang Ji Min , Zhu Liang , Rekheja Subhash
Published: April 2014

The linear adaptive neural network and RBF neural network, according to the measured low-pass filter lateral acceleration signal, was used to establish the reference lateral acceleration applied for the input of tilting train control system. This paper presents the two types of neural network models and prediction algorithms, and studies the time complexity of the two types of network algorithms. The results show that time complexity of the neural network prediction is closely related to its parameters, the neural network structure also can lead to the difference in their calculation time, and RBF prediction neural network spends the minimum time.
The PWM Rectification System Based on Intelligent PI Controller
Authors: Wang Xin Bo , Bai Bao Dong , Hu Zhao Fu , Chen De Zhi
Published: April 2014

PWM rectification system with fixed parameter PI can not meet the situation of mutational load and changing from energy feedback status to controlled rectification status. In the PWM rectification system traditionally basing on voltage oriented vector control, traditional voltage loop PI controller was replaced by PI adaptive controller with combination of single neuron and expert system. It is a good solution to the problem. In this paper a simulation model of controlled rectification system in the platform of Matlab/Simulink was established. It appled the S function and get the PI regulation with combination of single neuron and expert system. At last, the paper get the comparison of the simulation results before and after the improvement when load changed and status transformed. The results showed that system of the PI adaptive controller has the faster reaction speed and better robustness. It verified the validity and feasibility of the method.
Design of Automation Control System for Lubricant Syringe
Authors: Liu Hua , Shu Jian Wei , Li Chuan Lin , Chang Ruo Kui , Jin Xue Feng , Wang Xiao Shan
Published: April 2014

A lubricant syringe automation system used in chain drive is designed to promote efficiency and reliability of production line in food industry. The system is controlled by a microchip, STC89C58RD+. States of the production line are collected by infrared sensors and sent to the microchip. According to the states fed back, STC89C58RD+ controls relays to make electromagnetic valve and pump work continuously or interruptedly, and then the lubricant is syringed automatically. The man-machine interface of the system includes a set of independent keyboard and liquid crystal displayer. The action time for control signals of each group can be input from the keyboard, to make different production lines working individually without interfering each other. Finally, all control signals and its states are monitored from the displayer, which ensures whole system working regularly.
Shear Horizontal Waves in Orthotropic Layer/Piezoelectric Cylinder Structures
Authors: Zhao Xing , Wang Hong Jun
Published: April 2014

This paper investigates the dispersion characteristics of shear horizontal waves propagating in a piezoelectric cylinder covered by orthotropic layer. The surface of the orthotropic layer is assumed to be mechanically free; The stress and displacement at the interface is continuous. The solution of the equation is expressed by Bessel function, and the dispersion equation is derived by using the boundary conditions and the interface conditions, the numerical examples are provided to show the influences of the orthotropic degree and the properties of piezoelectric materials on the dispersion characteristics of SH waves.
Solidification Behavior of Lined Al2O3-ZrO2 Multiphase Ceramics in SHS Composite Pipes
Authors: Yu Gui Bo , Tao Feng He , Wang Shu Hai , Cao Li Jun , Ma Qiao
Published: April 2014

Hypoeutectic and hypereutectic Al2O3+ZrO2 multiphase ceramic-lined composite pipes were produced by using the gravitational separation self-propagate high-temperature (SHS) process. The microstructure of the ceramics was observed by means of SEM and EPMA. The multi-phase ceramics base consists of lamellar or rod-like eutecticum of ZrO2with Al2O3, and Al2O3dendrite is distributed between (Al2O3+ZrO2) eutecticum and the ZrO2is distributed on boundary area between (Al2O3+ZrO2) eutecticum in appearance of band and particle alone in the hypoeutectic multi-phase ceramics, and ZrO2is distributed between (Al2O3+ZrO2) eutecticum in appearance of snowflake-like or fishbone-like in hypereutectic multi-phase ceramics. On the basis of combustion synthesis, material thermodynamics, metallurgy dynamics and ceramics materials theory, the formation of microstructure mechanism have been systematically investigated.
Synthesis of an In Situ Aluminum Matrix Composite Fabricated by Al-Cr2O3 System
Authors: Zhu He Guo , Sun Hao , Hua Bo , Guo Guan Hong , Huang Jie Wen , Li Jian Liang
Published: April 2014

In situ aluminum matrix composites were fabricated through exothermic dispersive (XD) reaction from a powder mixture of Al and Cr2O3. The reaction mechanism was investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. When the temperature increases to around 1050K, Al can react with Cr2O3to form the reinforcments Al2O3particles and CrAl4blocks. With the increase of heating rate, DSC analysis shows that the reaction peak shifts to a higher temperature and the corresponding ignition temperature also increases. Based on DSC curves with different heating rates, the activation energy can be calculated and its value is 191.8 kJ/mol.
Modification of Mg Alloy Surfaces Based on Micro-Arc Oxidation Methods
Authors: Tao Hong , Ho So King , Li Echo , Zhang Xue Zhu , Lai Gary
Published: April 2014

Chemically and mechanically protective coatings are formed on surface of Magnesium alloys by micro-arc oxidation (MAO) methods. Modification of the obtained MAO surfaces was made in two aspects. Firstly, the protection is enhanced by forming super-hydrophobic surfaces, with water contact angle higher than 120o, attributed to hierarchical nanomicro structures. The overall process involves alkaline etching to form nanoscale structures on top of micro-porous surface achieved during micro-arc oxidation processes. Secondly, the electrical property of the MAO surfaces is modified. A film with electrical conductivity of 2.4Ω/sq is achieved by Ni deposition and characterized by four point probe measurement. The morphology, phase, and chemical composition of all surfaces are investigated by SEM, AFM, and XRD analysis.
Effect of Electrical Potential on DPPC Liposome Lubrication for Artificial Joint
Authors: Zhou Hai Yu , Wei Shan , Wei Xiao Hui , Wang Cheng Tao
Published: April 2014

This study aimed at investigating positive and negative potential effect on phospholipid lubrication for artificial joint. Surface potentials of CoCrMo in saline were measured once per day for 1 week to simulate corrosion of implanted artificial joint. Both +250 mV and-250 mV were applied on CoCrMo. 2mg/ml DPPC liposome was fabricated to produce lipidic adsorption on CoCrMo. Friction tests were carried out on cartilage vs. CoCrMo and UHMWPE vs. CoCrMo. The results showed that superficial potential of CoCrMo in saline changed from-177 mV at 1stday to 133mV at 7thday. Lubrication performance of DPPC liposome without potential was declined gradually. Liposome@-250 mV sustained low friction coefficient of both tribopairs whereas liposome@+250 mV greatly increased friction coefficient of UHMWPE vs. CoCrMo from 0.041 to 0.076. It demonstrated that negative potential enhanced adsorption of DPPC liposome, and promoted its lubrication. In contrast, positive potential on CoCrMo due to corrosion deteriorated liposome lubrication.
Characterization of Thermoplastic Elastomers for Design Efforts
Authors: Major Zoltan , Miron Matei C. , Cakmak Umut D.
Published: April 2014

Different grades of several thermoplastic elastomer types were selected and are investigated over a wide frequency/time, temperature and loading range in a research project of the authors. Relevant material models are selected for different loading situations and based on these experimental data the material model parameters were determined either directly or by applying fitting procedures. These models along with the proper data were used for modeling the deformation and the failure behavior of typical engineering thermoplastic elastomer components. Furthermore, based on the modeling of various elastomers under different service relevant loading situation several design proposals were formulated.
Electro and Surface Properties of Graphene-Modified Stainless Steel for PEMFC Bipolar Plates
Authors: Kim Yeon Jae , Kim Dong Hyun , Kim Jung Soo , Jang Jae Ho , Jung Uoo Chang , Nam Dae Geun
Published: April 2014

Chemical converted graphene (CCG) were coated on 316L stainless steel as a bipolar plate which is a component of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) by electro spray coating (ESC). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to examine the thickness and surface properties of coating layer. Electrochemical potentiodynamic test was conducted in acidic atmosphere (0.1N H2SO4+2ppm F-) at 80°C using Versastat 4 and analysis program for corrosion resistance measurement. After packing bipolar plates for PEMFC stack, the electrical performances of graphite, bare SS316L and graphene coated SS316L bipolar plates were evaluated by PEMFC evaluating device. The chemical converted graphene was founded on the surface of coated SS316L, and the thickness was 12μm. Graphene coated bipolar plate showed high corrosion resistance of 1.32×10-7A/cm2beside bare SS316L bipolar plate. In electrical performance evaluation, the graphene coated bipolar plate was shown 0.978V on Voc and 0.5A/m2on the reduction potential (0.6V). Although the electrical performance of the graphene coated bipolar plate is lower than graphite bipolar plate, the thickness and weight is lower than graphite bipolar plate. These advantages can enable the PEMFC system more efficiently and economically.
Determination of Parameters for Accurate Dimension in Wire Electrical Discharge Machining
Authors: Muttamara Apiwat , Janmanee Pichai
Published: April 2014

Abstract. Wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) is a widespread technique used in manufacturing industry for high precision machining of all types of conductive materials such as metals and its alloys of any hardness which are difficult to machine with traditional techniques. In order to get a precise workpiece with good surface quality, some extra repetitive finish cuts along the rough cutting contour are necessary. The selected parameters are servo voltage (SV) and voltage (V). The goal of the research was to obtain accurate dimension (10 + 0.005 mm and surface roughness < 0.46 microns). The experiment material is SKD-11 steel. The experiments are designed by 3k full factorial experimental design at 3 level 2 factors and 9 experiments with 2 replicates. The experiment determines the significant effective factor at confidential interval 95%. The SV factor is the significant effective factor and voltages parameter affects to the average roughness surface. Experimental results show that a surface roughness under 0.46 micron and accurate dimension value + 5 micron of 10 x 10 millimeters can be obtained.
Fabrication of Aligned PAN Nanofiber by Electrospinning with Parallel Electrode
Authors: Liu Hong Ying , Xu Lan , Tang Xiao Peng , Si Na
Published: April 2014

Electrospinning has emerged as a very attractive approach to the fabrication of nanofibers. In electrospinning process, the ability to control the alignment and arrangement of fibers is critical to achieve the designed functions. In this paper, we had successfully fabricated highly aligned PAN nanofibers by the method of parallel electrode electrospinning. The study revealed the optimum weight ratio of PAN polymer solution for aligned nanofibers was 8%-12%. Results show that the increasing of weight ratio of polymer solution can enhance the parallelism and uniformity of electrospun fiber diameter distribution.
Relationship between Pore Size Distribution and Mechanical Properties of Porous Sedimentary Rocks
Authors: Keppert Martin , Čáchová Monika , Ďurana Kamil , Fořt Jan , Koňáková Dana , Pavlík Zbyšek , Trník Anton , Černý Robert
Published: April 2014

Porous sedimentary rocks have been popular structural and artistic materials in many European countries for many centuries. These rocks are characterized by more or less porous structure and their mechanical properties are in close relationship with the pore system. The durability of porous rocks is to considerable extent controlled by these properties. The paper deals with pore system characteristics of selected porous sedimentary rocks found in Czech Republic. The dependences of compressive and bending strength on porosity of Czech sandstones were found in form of simple exponential functions.
Reuse of Waste Ceramic Powder with a High Content of Amorphous Phases as Partial Replacement of Portland Cement
Authors: Pavlík Zbyšek , Pavlíková Milena , Fořt Jan , Kulovaná Tereza , Černý Robert
Published: April 2014

A possible use of waste ceramic powder as a partial replacement of Portland cement in blended binders is studied. For the ceramic powder, originating from the contemporary hollow bricks production, the measurement of chemical composition is done using XRF and XRD analysis. The particle size distribution of ceramics and cement is accessed on the laser diffraction principle. The blended binders containing ceramic powder in an amount of 8, 16, 24, 32, and 40% of mass of cement are used for the preparation of cement pastes which are then characterized using the measurement of basic physical properties and mechanical properties. Experimental results show that an application of 16% waste ceramics in the blended binder provides sufficient mechanical properties of the paste. This makes good prerequisites for future research that will be focused on the development of new types of cement-based composites with incorporated ceramic waste powder.
Shrinkage Model for Heavyweight Concrete Using Magnetite Particles
Authors: Yang Keun Hyeok , Mun Ju Hyun , Song Jin Kyu
Published: April 2014

The CEB-FIP equations generally underestimate the shrinkage strains of heavyweight concrete, showing a more notable trend with the increase in ages and equivalent porosities of aggregate. This study formulated the shrinkage behavior of heavyweight magnetite concrete as an expanded version of GL 2000 model by introducing the parameter of an equivalent porosity of aggregates. The proposed models gave significantly more accurate predictions than CEB-FIP equations even at long-term ages.
The Study on Workability and Mechanical Properties of High Volume Fly Ash Underwater Concrete
Authors: Zhang Xu , Liu Qiao Ling , Hu Yu Qing
Published: April 2014

In this paper, in order to resolve contradiction that is between high workability and anti-segregation in fresh concrete, low early strength and poor carbonation resistance property of concrete and high volume fly ash addition, high performance water reducer is used to reduce yield stress in fresh concrete, mineral mixture and flocculating agent are used to adjust viscosity and measure of activation enhances early strength of this concrete.
A Study on Heat Transfer Analysis and Experiment of Reinforced Concrete Columns Using 500°C Isotherm Method
Authors: Yeo In Hwan , Hwang Kyu Jae , An Jae Hong , Lee Jong Ho
Published: April 2014

This study aims to assess heat transfer analysis of RC columns and unstressed test by applying 500°C isotherm method, which is the strength deterioration estimation method of Eurocode, inorder to use it as basic data for fire engineering design. According to the heat transfer analysis and fire resistance experiment, it was decided an appropriate axial ratio of RC columns that have cross sections of 300 and 350 can be anticipated as 0.49 and 0.59.
Investigation on the Effects of Ground Media on the Behaviour of Buried Pipes due to Blast Loads by Simulation
Authors: Olarewaju Akinola Johnson
Published: April 2014

In this study, effects of ground media on buried pipes due to blast were observed. The material properties for ground media and pipes limited to linear, elastic, homogeneous and isotropic were used. Blast load parameters were determined using UFC (2008). Equation of motion was solved using time integration technique in ABAQUS. From the results, depth plays a prominent role in the response of underground pipes due to blast. Mitigation measures to reduce the impact of blast on buried pipes were suggested.
Contribution from the Use of Alternative Materials in Concrete for Accessibility on Sidewalks
Authors: Santos Vânia Regina Ferreira , Silva Fabiana Maria , Ribeiro Lubienska Cristina L.J. , Pires Marta Siviero Guilherme , Lintz Rosa Cristina Cecche , Gachet-Barbosa Luisa Andréia
Published: April 2014

This study aims to address the question of accessibility on sidewalks in accordance with Rule 9050 of the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards (ABNT NBR 9050:2004) and analyze the feasibility of using alternative materials (steel fibers, construction waste and rubber) to produce Interlocking tactile concrete paver. It was performed an experimental dosage of concrete with 04 specimens: reference, with steel fiber, with rubber and with steel fiber and construction waste. The pavers molded with conventional concrete and with the addition of alternative materials were tested as for compression strength and water absorption and the results were satisfactory, meeting the specifications of the Brazilian standard.
Assembly of a Wetland on a Laboratory Scale for Post-Treatment of Domestic Wastewater
Authors: Mourão Jade R. , Freitas Raquel , Dragoni Sobrinho Geraldo , Ribeiro Lubienska Cristina L.J. , Lintz Rosa Cristina Cecche , Gachet-Barbosa Luísa Andréia , Pires Marta Siviero Guilherme
Published: April 2014

Water is present in many routine activities performed by man. However, these activities have been generating wastewater who require treatment before being cast into water bodies. The constructed wetlands are alternative wastewater treatment low cost of construction and maintenance, therefore do not require electricity and chemical application. Perform well in the removal of polluting effluent load and have advantages of being aesthetically pleasing due to the presence of aquatic plants. This work presents a proposal to mount a wetland constructed for the post-treatment of domestic wastewater in laboratory scale subsurface flow and intermittent, macrophyte was used mini papyrus (Cyperus isocladus) and substate fragments ceramic tiles.
A Study of Nanomaterial Applications in Architectural Coating for Energy Saving
Authors: Kuo Jhun Iuan , Jeng Hsien Ming
Published: April 2014

Facing the international trend for pursuit of sustainable development in 21st century, and the high performance nanocoating that is environment protective and sustainable become the new trend of building materials. This study focused on the features of nanomaterials in domains such as the integration of construction management, material science and nanotechnology in order to improve the hydrophobic property of the current architectural coatings, to enhance the performance of the building and to develop the water-proof coating that is friendly to the environments.
The Meteorological Impact to the Air Temperature on a Sub-Tropical City
Authors: Huang Chih Hong , Aganda John Cua
Published: April 2014

This study will center on the meteorological impact of clouds and its influence to the urban air temperature. Quantitative assessment over the behavior and temperature pattern was done using a five-year data of meteorological parameters obtain from the local weather and climate bureau. Urban heat island (UHI) is defined as the increased air temperature of the city over its surrounding sub-urban and rural areas and in this case of a five-year summer period of Taipei, Taiwan were heat temperatures are higher and can go beyond 39°C, acting dominant meteorological cloud cover factor is observe for its effect in temperature pattern. Analysis of local heat characteristics suggests the possibility of the believed theory Urban-scaled greenhouse effect that maybe affecting the patterns of the urban air temperature. An urban-scaled greenhouse effect is a theory that implies; when dense cloud covers the city, most of the supposed released long wave radiation or heat energy is trapped and reflected back by the dense clouds, creating a body of conserved heat that is prolonged in the area. The duration of conserved heat (DCH) is measured by the difference of the diurnal maximum and minimum temperature. To assess the value of the theory the daily cloud amount (CA) and its relationship with the DCH was tested with regression analysis. Calm days with the complete cycle of maximum and minimum temperature accordingly were selected and tested. The five-year average (2008 – 2012) resulted in a regression value of R2 = 0.072. Although the years 2011 & 2012 showed a higher regression value of R2 = 0.265 and R2 = 0.104 respectively, certainly enough the data of years 2011 and 2012 revealed a higher ratio of days with less combination of high wind speed and rainfall which created less fluctuations. Trend pattern for the five summers showed similarities. Some days showed fluctuation but no negative trend of correlation was detected. The heat intensity (HI) is another type of temperature pattern that was observed against CA and DCH, it is characterized by the difference of maximum and minimum diurnal temperature. Suggestive with our analysis, all five-year summertime data of HI showed negative correlation with the CA and DCH, attesting a faster release of long wave radiation when clouds are less.
A Study on Environmental Load Assessment of Early Strength Activator Blast Furnace Slag
Authors: Bok Young Jin , Tae Sung Ho , Kim Taeh Young , Park Jeong Hun
Published: April 2014

Development of environment-friendly building materials has recently been increasing with the use of industrial waste and by-products, but concrete containing blast furnace slag (BFS) is excellent in terms of environmental load and shows relatively insufficient early strength. Development of by-products to supplement this insufficiency is deemed necessary. Therefore in this study, an early strength activator blast furnace slag (A-BFS) was developed and environment performance of the developed A-BFS was assessed to assess environmental load (CO2). As a result, early strength was developed in mortar specimen mixed with A-BFS. When environmental load (CO2) was assessed on the mortar specimen, life cycle CO2 emission from production of 1kg of A-BFS was found to be 0.057kg-CO2/kg.
Assessment on Physical Properties and Environmental Load Emission of Concrete Using Early Strength Activator Blast Furnace Slag
Authors: Kim Taeh Young , Tae Sung Ho , Kim Jin Hyoung , Yang Keun Hyeok
Published: April 2014

In relation to global warming, there is a need for development of alternative material to reduce cement use by concrete. Accordingly in this study, A-BFS (Activator Blast Furnace Slag) mixed with an activator composed of industrial wastes such as wastewater sludge and sewage sludge was developed. Physical property for compressive strength development was tested on concrete mixed with the developed A-BFS. In addition, environmental load (CO2) emission and reduction performance were analyzed on concrete mixed with A-BFS.
An Application of LCL Filter for an Isolated Wind Turbine System
Authors: Quach Ngoc Thinh , Ko Ji Han , Kim Eel Hwan
Published: April 2014

A LCL filter is an effective device to suppress high level frequency components which are generated by PWM converter. However, the use of the LCL filter can cause the stability problems of the system. This paper presents two control methods of the LCL filter in an isolated battery-converter-wind turbine system by considering positions of control currents, the converter side currents and the grid side currents. In addition, the effect of the unit power factor control of the system is also mentioned in this paper. The simulation results show out the effectiveness of control methods.
Digital Stable IIR Band Pass Filter Design Using Seeker Optimization Technique
Authors: Saha S.K. , Kar Rajib , Mandal D. , Ghoshal S.P.
Published: April 2014

This paper presents a novel, control parameter independent evolutionary search technique known as Seeker Optimization Algorithm (SOA) for the design of a eighth order Infinite Impulse Response (IIR) Band Pass (BP) filter. A new fitness function has also been adopted in this paper to improve the stop band attenuation to a great extent. The performance of the SOA based IIR BP filter design has proven to be much superior as compared to those obtained by real coded genetic algorithm (RGA) and standard particle swarm optimization (PSO) in terms of highest sharpness at cut-off, smallest pass band ripple, highest stop band attenuation, smallest stop band ripple and also the fastest convergence speed with assured stability recognized by the pole-zero analysis of the designed optimized IIR filter.
Morphology and Mechanical Property of Epoxy-Clay Nanocomposites Prepared by Ultrasonication
Authors: Al-Qadhi Muneer , Merah Necar
Published: April 2014

Epoxy-clay nanocomposites have been synthesized using organically modified montmorillonite nanoclay, Nanomer I.30E as nanoreinforcement in diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) epoxy using ultrasonication. X-ray diffraction and TEM analysis showed that the interlayer spacing of clay increased as a result of sonication mixing. It was observed that the morphology of the resultant nanocomposites were dominated by disordered intercalated morphology with some ordered intercalated structure. Tensile tests results illustrated that while the addition of nanoclay increased the modulus of elasticity, noticeable reduction in strength and failure strain was observed. Fractographic analysis was curried out for the tensile fracture surfaces using SEM which illustrated that the roughness of the nanocomposites surface were high compared with the smooth surfaces of the pure epoxy indicating an improvement in the fracture toughness. It also demonstrated that during tensile loading for nanocomposites the cracks were initiated at either clay aggregates or microvoids which explained the reduction in strength for nanocomposites.
Determination of Reserve Capacity for Power System with Wind Generation
Authors: Yang Wei Wei , Li Peng Fei , Zhang Yan Yan , Wang Jin Liang , Zhang Jun Ling , Sun Lian Xi
Published: April 2014

As the development of wind generation, traditional methods for determining reserve capacity are no longer appropriate. In order to determine the optimal spinning reserve for system with wind generation, this paper set the reserve capacity based on the reliability index which includes the system reliability and wind generation uncertainties. The model is then calculated by the Lagrangian Relaxation method. According to the result, the method for determining reserve capacity proposed by this paper is applicable.
Modeling and Simulation of Modular Multilevel Converter Based-HVDC Connecting to Offshore Wind Farms
Authors: Kim Seung Hyun , Jeong Woo Cheol , Kim Eel Hwan
Published: April 2014

Modular multilevel Converter (MMC) is a new type of voltage source converter (VSC) topology. The use of this converter in a high-voltage direct current (HVDC) system is called by a MMC-HVDC system. The MMC-HVDC has the advantage in terms of scalability, performance, and efficiency over two-and three-level VSC-HVDC. In this paper, the MMC-HVDC system is used to connect between main grid in Jeju Island and virtual offshore wind farms. The aim is to transfer the power from offshore wind farm to the main grid and to compensate reactive power for the main grid. The simulation is carried out by using PSCAD/EMTDC program, and the results will confirm the effectiveness of the proposed control method.
Unmanned Ground Vehicle SysML Navigation Model Conducted by Energy Efficiency
Authors: Väljaots Eero , Sell Raivo
Published: April 2014

In this paper a SysML navigation models and early design methodology is briefly introduced. The methodology is offering tool and pre-defined models for mobile robot design in early design stage. The main target is reaching the optimal and efficient conceptual solution for detail design stage by using the pre-defined and validated SysML models according to the robot purpose and missions. As an example a snow plowing mission is demonstrated. Real mobile robot platform called UKU is developed and used for model validation purpose.
The Effect of Nanostructuring on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Metallic Materials
Authors: Apakashev Rafail , Valiev N.
Published: April 2014

The effect of nanostructuring on physical and mechanical properties of metallic materials is studied. It has been established that the tested samples of nanostructured metal materials exhibit the specific strength and durability enhanced by 11-32 % which at the corrosion rate less than about 11 %. In the example of titanium at 1000 K is shown that the thermal diffusivity of nanostructured metal is 1,2 times lower than in conventional polycrystalline state.
Research on Serial Communication in the Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motor Vertical Transportation System
Authors: Feng Xiao Hui , Wang Chang Li
Published: April 2014

The serial communication design based on DSP in the permanent magnet linear synchronous motor vertical transportation system is presented in this paper. The control system structure and fundamental are introduced briefly at first. Then, the realization of serial communication between the TMS320VC5402 and PC by asynchronous serial communications chip TL16C550C is introduced in detail. Finally, the design of system hardware interface circuit and software programs are presented. The features of this system include simple programming , good reliability and real-time capability.
An Analytical Imaging Algorithm for Airborne Parallel Translational Variant SAR Data Focusing
Authors: Ran Jin He , Zhang Jian Yun
Published: April 2014

For focusing airborne parallel translational variant SAR, an analytical imaging algorithm based on the extended Loffeld bistatic formula (ELBF) is proposed. With the bistatic geometry, point target (PT) position offsets to the transmitter track are expressed in terms of PT position offsets to the receiver track. Then phase terms of spectrum are divided into range and azimuth phase terms. The bistatic deformation (BD) term is compensated in 2-D frequency domain, and space variances of range and azimuth phase terms are eliminated by chirp scaling (CS) method and chirp z-transform (CZT) respectively. The proposed imaging algorithm is verified by simulations.
In Vitro Evaluation of Candida albicans Biofilm Formation on Denture Base PMMA Resin Incorporated with Silver Nanoparticles and its Effect on Flexural Strength
Authors: Bajracharya Sahana , Thaweboon Sroisiri , Thaweboon Boonyanit , Wonglamsam Amornrat , Srithavaj Theerathavaj
Published: April 2014

The aim of this study is to investigate the candidal biofilm formation on the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) incorporated denture base heat-polymerized (poly methyl methacrylate), PMMA, resinand its flexural strength.Materials and methods:A total of 36PMMA resin specimens (15×15×2 mm3) were fabricated and divided into 4 groups based on their AgNPs contents (0%,0.5%, 1% and 1.5% w/w of polymer). The biofilm of clinical and reference strainsof C.albicanswere grown on PMMA resin specimens in the presence of yeast nitrogen base broth supplemented with 100 mM glucose at 37oC for 48 h and evaluated by tetrazolium reduction assay. The flexural strength of PMMA resin specimens (65×10×3.3 mm3) were tested by using three-point bending test. Data were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test at p<0.05. result:all="" 3="" groups="" with="" agnps="" showed="" significant="" reduction="" in="" biofilm="" formation="" of="" both="" strains="" i="">C.albicans compared to control (0% AgNPs) (p<0.05). Decreased flexural strength was observed with AgNPs groups compared with the control but within acceptable limit of ISO 20795-1. Conclusion:The reduction of the C. albicans biofilm was observed on the heat-polymerized PMMA resin incorporated with AgNPs. Regarding the flexural strength, the values were within ISO limit. These modified PMMA resin can be developed for the prevention or treatment of the candidal infection associated with the denture base material.
Civil Aircraft Radar Track Simulation Algorithm Based on 4D Trajectory
Authors: Liu Jun Jie , Tian Li Yu , Wu Qiu Xiang , He Miao
Published: April 2014

In this paper, we start from the research on the radar simulation technology, adopt a method based on the 4D trajectory module simulation based on the analysis of the advanced technologies abroad and developing status at home. Following detailed descriptions combined with all the major modules, the integrated radar track simulation method is established. Research and implementation of the technology in the field of air traffic control has great practical significance.
Research and Implementation of Complex Modulo Operation Algorithm Based on FPGA
Authors: Tian Li Yu , Qi Fang
Published: April 2014

Radar signal processing often needs complex modulo operation. In order to achieve the integer complex array modulo operation, we discuss two integer complex modulus algorithm, the loop iteration method and the linear approximation method in this paper. The loop iteration method uses the idea of successive approximation. And the linear approximation method uses another approximation formula. Accuracy and efficiency of the two algorithms are compared and analyzed later. These two algorithms have been implemented and optimized in FPGA. Simulation and analysis results show that the loop iteration modulo is more suitable for a higher precision situation while linear approximation method is better for a time-critical situation.