bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 diagnostic laboratory strategies: modern technologies and development trends (review of literature)
Authors: Andryukov Boris Georgievich , Lyapun I. N.
Published: December 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic, associated with the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, has caused a surge in incidence worldwide, as well as a severe crisis in global health and economy. Therefore, fast and accurate diagnosis of infection is key to timely treatment and elimination of the spread of the virus. Currently, the standard method for detecting coronavirus is reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). However, this method requires expensive equipment and trained personnel, which limits the conduct of mass testing and lengthens the time to obtain a research result. Serological tests for antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and the determination of protective immunity in various populations are used to retrospectively identify patients with asymptomatic and mild forms of infection, monitor the course of infection in hospitalized patients, and also track contacts and epidemiological surveillance. The use of standard methods for diagnosing COVID-19 in conditions of mass morbidity, especially in conditions of insufficient resources and lack of appropriate infrastructure, is associated with a number of limitations. Therefore, the search and development of new, fast, inexpensive, simple, device-free and no less sensitive and specific tests is an urgent task. Therefore, the search and development of new, fast, inexpensive, simple, device-free and no less sensitive and specific tests is an urgent task. The review examines new laboratory technologies for diagnosing a new infection - loop isothermal amplification (LAMP) and immunochromatographic analysis (ICA), which can become a real alternative to the used molecular and enzyme immunoassay methods. The dynamic development of these methods in recent years expands the prospects for their use both for diagnosing COVID-19 and monitoring a pandemic.
ZAGHLÛL RÂGHIB MUḤAMMAD AL-NAJJÂR’S METHODS AND PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC EXEGESIS: A Review of Tafsîr al-Âyât al-Kawniyyah fî al-Qur’ân al-Karîm
Authors: Syarifah Umaiyatus , Fahimah Siti
Published: December 2020

Scientific exegesis is one of the new trends in interpreting the Quran that will continue to be in demand. There are many discussions of science and Quran integration, and the rise of various works of scientific interpretation among scholars and scientists has become the real proof of it. However, some Muslim communities still doubt the validity of scientific interpretations. One of the reasons is because the source of the interpretation is relative and temporal. This evidence, of course, cannot be compared with the Quran, which is absolute. Therefore, a regulation is needed in the application of scientific interpretation. This study aims to examine and explore the methods and principles of the scientific interpretation of the Quran conducted by Zaghlûl Râghib al-Najjâr, in terms of their strengths, shortcomings, and relevance in the interpretation of the Quran. This research is considered qualitative research utilizing library research by analyzing some literatures such as books and journal articles. The results of this research show that the Zaghlûl as a Geologist, who is quite productive with the authority of science he has, does not only interpret Quran scientifically but also explains the procedure of interpretation through methods and principles of interpretation similar to scholars of tafsîr in general. In fact, he may be even be considered more specific and ideal compared to others because he not only complements but also enhances the guidelines and principles of the scientific exegesis that have been used before.
MAQASHID SYARIAH INDEX DAN DEWAN KOMISARIS INDEPENDEN TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAN DENGAN PROFITABILITAS SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI PADA PERUSAHAAN ASURANSI SYARIAH
Authors: Sahara Puji , Hartini Titin , Jayanti Sri Delasmi
Published: December 2020

This study aims to examine the effect of maqashid syariah index, an independent board of commissioners on firm value by mediating profitability. The population in this study is sharia insurance companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The independent variable of this study is maqashid syariah index (X1) and independent board of commissioners (X2), while the mediating variable namely profitability (Z), and the dependent variable of this study is the value of the company (Y). The method of this research uses quantitative research methods using secondary data. The sampling technique uses a purposive sample method and is based on predetermined criteria. From the sampling method applied, 11 insurance companies were listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period of 2015 - 2018. Data analysis techniques used regression analysis and path analysis using SPSS 22. The results showed that the maqashid syariah index had an effect on profitability, the independent board of commissioners had no effect on profitability, the maqashid sharia index had no effect on firm value, the independent board of commissioners had an effect on company value, partial mediation had influence on maqashid index on firm value, profitability does not mediate the influence of the independent board of commissioners on the value of the company.
ANALISIS PENGARUH KEMANDIRIAN KEUANGAN DAERAH PADA KABUPATEN/KOTA DI PROVINSI SUMATERA SELATAN
Authors: Periansya Periansya
Published: December 2020

This research was conducted with the aim to know the regional wealth, revenue sharing fund and general allocation fund to the independence of regional finance at the Government of Regency/City in South Sumatra Province. This research was conducted in the period 2014 until 2017. The population in this study is all of Regency/City in the Province of South Sumatra. Sample determination is determined by the Purposive sampling technique as many as 11 regencies/cities in South Sumatera Province. The type of research is quantitative research with secondary data. Form the Budget Realization from the Audit Result Report (LHP) BPK RI 2014 – 2017. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression analysis with panel data. The results showed that the regional wealth and general allocation fund partially influenced the direction of a positive relationship to regional financial independence. While revenue sharing funds partially did not influence regional financial independence. In addition simultaneously regional wealth, revenue sharing funds and general allocation funds simultaneously have a significant effect on regional financial independence at the government of regency/city in South Sumatra Province
ANALISIS PENGARUH INFLASI DAN KURS TERHADAP INDEKS SAHAM SYARIAH INDONESIA (ISSI) TAHUN 2014-2018
Authors: Anwar Syaiful , A Adni Dwi
Published: December 2020

This study aims to find out empirically the effect of inflation and exchange rates on the movements of the Indonesian Islamic Stock Index (ISSI). This research uses quantitative research methods, using multiple linear regression analysis models. Data collection uses secondary data from documentation related data. Data is taken from the monthly closing price of each variable from 2014-2018 (60 months). The research test uses the t test and F test and is processed using SPSS16. The results showed that inflation had a significant effect and the exchange rate had no partial effect on ISSI movements, but both variables had a significant simultaneous effect on the ISSI
Peran Pondok Pesantren Syafa’atu Thulab dalam Melestarikan Tradisi Puasa Dalail Khairat di Kabupaten Ogan Ilir
Authors: Fitriah Fitriah
Published: December 2020

Artikel ini bermaksud memberikan gambaran tentang Eksistensi tradisi Puasa Dalail Khairat serta peran Pondok Pesantren Syafa’atu Thulab dalam melestarikan tradisi Syafa’atu Thulab di Kabupaten Ogan Ilir. Dalam mengumpulkan data, penelitian ini menggunakan metode observasi, interview dan Dokumentasi, Dalam melaksanakan analisis ini peneliti menggunakan reduksi data, display data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Penulis memperoleh fakta bahwa Pondok Pesantren Syafa’atu Thulab merupakan salah satu Pondok Pesantren salafiyah yang masih mempertahankan tradisi-tradisi kepesantrenan yang berbasis kitab kuning. Salah satu kitab yang fenomenal karena menjadi bacaan dan wirid bagi pengamal puasa dahr (puasa tahunan) yakni Kitab Dalail Khairat karangan Syaikh Sulaiman al-Jazuli. Sehingga puasanya sendiri disebut puasa Dalail Khairat. Pelaksanaan Puasa Dalail Khairat di Pondok Pesantren Syafa’atu Thulab sudah ada sejak Pondok Pesantren ini didirikan. Tradisi puasa ini merupakan bagian dari kurikulum informal yang menjadi identitas dari pesantren tersebut. Kegiatan Ijazah Kubro pada 7 Syuro setiap tahunnya adalah bagian upaya Pesantren melestarikan Tradisi Puasa Dalail Khairat ini, dan tercatat bahwa peserta pengamal puasa di Pesantren ini merupakan pengamal terbanyak se-Indonesia. Eksistensi tradisi puasa Dalail Khairat masih bisa dijumpai di Pondok Pesantren Syafa’atu Thulab. Pondok Pesantren Syafa’atu Thulab merupakan pesantren satu-satunya di Kabupaten Ogan Ilir yang melestarikan tradisi puasa ini. Pengamal puasanya ini tidak hanya berasal dari santri pesantren, namun juga masyarakat desa dan luar daerah Kabupaten Ogan Ilir, seperti Kota Prabumulih, Banyuasin, Musi Banyuasin dan lainnya. Sehingga tak heran, penganut dan pengamal puasa ini makin bertambah setiap tahunnya.
Corak Pemikiran Kalam Ulama SUMSEL Abad ke-19 dan Awal Abad ke-20
Authors: Khudin Sholeh
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini membahas tentang corak pemikiran kalam ulama Sumatera Selatan abad ke 19 dan awal abad ke 20 yang bertujuan untuk mengungkap pemikiran dan gagasan kalam ulama Sumatera Selatan abad ke 19 dan awal abad 20. Secara teoritis dan praktis penelitian ini diharapkan mampu menguraikan secara jelas mengenai corak pemikiran kalam ulama Sumsel abad 19 dan awal abad 20. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian sejarah intelektual dengan merekonstruksi tradisi dan gerakan intelektual. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini merujuk pada penelitian kualitatif, yakni wawancara mendalam, riset partisipatif, pengamatan, dan studi pustaka. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang sudah dilakukan penulis menyimpulkan. Pertama, corak pemikiran kalam ulama Sumatera Selatan abad ke 19 M dan awal abad ke 20 M, para ulama membagi sifa-sifat 20 Allah menjadi dua sifat yakni istighna sifa-sifat yang hanya dimiliki Allah SWT dan sifat iftiqar yang dibutuhkan makhluk. Kedua, setelah membahas sifat-sifat Tuhan, para ulama Sumatera Selatan membahas iman kepada rasul-rasul-Nya, mengimani sepuluh malaikat, mengimani kitab-kitab yang diturunkan kepada para Nabi, mempercayai keberadaan hari kiamat, dan keberadaan qadha dan qadar.
Isotopic evidences of magmatic nature of the dolomite-calcite bodies of the Ilmeny Mountains and the Plastovsky district of the South Urals
Authors:   Institute of Mineralogy, South Federal Center MiG UB RAS, Korinevsky V. G. , Korinevsky E. V.
Published: December 2020

The data obtained for the first time on the isotopic composition of oxygen and carbon of calcites and graphites of dolomitecalcite rocks of the Ilmeny Mountains and dykes of a similar composition in the Plastovsky district have confirmed their magmatic genesis. The temperature of formation of carbonate bodies (590—1000 °Ñ), determined from the isotopic ratios of C and O in calcite and graphite, corresponds to the temperature range (600—900 °Ñ) of the formation of carbonatite associations. According to the same ratios of isotopes in calcites, the protoliths of carbonate rocks are located within the carbonatite fields of the folded regions and in the transition zone to carbonates of marine origin. This is probably due to the fact that these rocks are a product of carbonate magma during remelting of sedimentary carbonate rocks in subduction zones, or under the influence of the heat of granite intrusions.
S. S. Savkevich and his amber history
Authors:   Geological Institute of RAS, Martirosyan O. V. , Bogdasarov M. A. ,   Brest State University
Published: December 2020

The article is devoted to Svyatoslav Sergeevich Savkevichs scientific activities in connection with his 90th anniversary. He was a famous scientist in the field of mineralogy and geology of amber and other fossil resins. We briefly reviewed his life path, prime research lines and the most important achievements of the scientist. We focused on the results of his comprehensive scientific-organizational and public activity.
Acolhimento em unidades de pronto atendimento: percepção de idosos e seus familiares
Authors: De Sousa Escolari Giovana Aparecida , Rissardo Leidyani Karina , Vanessa Denardi Antoniassi Baldissera Vanessa , Lange Celmira , Salci Maria Aparecida , Carreira Ligia
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: Compreender as práticas de acolhimento em Unidades de Pronto Atendimento na perspectiva de idosos e familiares à luz da Política Nacional de Humanização. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo realizado junto a vinte idosos e cinco familiares, que foram atendidos em duas Unidades de Pronto Atendimento. Os dados foram coletados, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, e a análise conduzida pelas etapas analíticas da Grounded Theory. Resultados: Evidenciou-se que o acolhimento é percebido entre as práticas de receptividade, ao entrar no serviço e na escuta qualificada. Entretanto, também foram constatadas algumas dificuldades, como a demora pelo atendimento e aspectos referentes a ambiência e infraestrutura que prejudicam a acomodação adequada dos usuários. Conclusão: Apesar dos idosos sentirem-se satisfeitos, em decorrência de as necessidades de saúde serem supridas, há urgência na reestruturação e na organização dos serviços, capacitação profissional e estratégias de atendimento que proporcionem a esta população uma assistência com responsabilidade.
Sosialisasi Precision Farming untuk Monitoring Tanaman Perkebunan dan Hortikultura Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Putra Bayu Taruna Widjaja
Published: December 2020

Kabupaten jember merupakan daerah penghasil tanaman pangan dan hortikultura diantaranya yaitu kopi, kakao, edamame, tembakau dan beberapa komoditas lainnya. Petani di Kabupaten jember masih menggunakan proses konvensional untuk mengelola pertanian. Mereka belum mengetahui teknologi yang dapat mendukung kegiatan pertanian menjadi lebih efisien. Teknologi pertanian presisi atau lebih dikenal dengan pertanian modern merupakan  solusi untuk kegiatan pertanian menjadi lebih berkelanjutan. Sosialisasi pertanian presisi dilakukan untuk memberi gambaran dan pengetahuan awal kepada petani termasuk penyuluh pertanian dikabupaten jember terhadap teknologi yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam usaha pertanian. Kegiatan sosialisasi precision farming dilakukan di Dinas Tanaman Pangan dan Hortrikultura Kabupaten Jember. Kegiatan ini dihadiri oleh penyuluh pertanian kebupupaten jember, beberapa petani dan perwakilan kelompok tani dari berbagai daerah di jember. Rangkaian kegiatan yang dilakukan diawali dengan pengenalan alat atau instrumen yang digunakan dalam pertanian presisi. Kemudian petani serta penyuluh pertanian dipandu untuk menggunakan instrumen tersebut sehingga mereka dapat menerapkannya di lapangan. Luaran yang diharapkan dari kegiatan ini yaitu petani mampu secara mandiri maupun dengan kelompok taninya untuk menerapkan pertanian modern  di lahan yang mereka kelola sehingga harapannya usaha pertanian yang mereka kerjakan akan lebih produktif.
Pelatihan dan Peningkatan Disiplin Kehadiran Aparat Desa Dengan Penerapan Sistem Presensi Berbasis Fingerprint
Authors: Rizal Randi , Sudiarjo Aso , Sumaryana Yusuf
Published: December 2020

Sesuai UU No. 6 Tahun 2014 tentang desa, proses penyelenggaraan pemerintah desa dituntut lebih optimal. Dalam hal ini, kinerja pelayanan dapat dipengaruhi oleh proses pencatatan data kehadiran aparat desa. Selama ini, pencatatan kehadiran dilakukan dengan bertanda tangan pada sebuah buku atau lembaran daftar hadir yang dilakukan saat jam masuk kerja. Dengan proses pencatatan secara manual ini, jam masuk dan pulang kerja tidak diketahui secara pasti. Selain itu, data kehadiran mudah direkayasa dengan cara menitipkan tanda tangan kepada orang lain. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut maka diusulkan untuk menerapkan sistem pencatatan kehadiran berbasis fingerprint. Hasil penerapan sistem kehadiran berbasis fingerprint mampu meningkatkan disiplin aparat desa dengan memberikan data otentik kehadiran yang lengkap.
O FUNCIONÁRIO PÚBLICO E SUA IMAGEM SOCIAL
Authors: Trigo Mára
Published: December 2020

The objective of this research is to investigate the content of the statements involving the public official in the artistic, political and civil spheres, selected in the national Internet portals, and to discuss the existing relationship between valuation and ideology, and their materialization in these statements. The hypothesis is that they were ideologically constructed, contributing to strengthen the pejorative image of the public official. This research is based on the bibliographic study of Bakhtinian theory, and addresses the concepts of valuation, ideology and utterance. Its conclusion confirmed that the investigated statements were ideologically constructed, based on the value judgment of society, contributing to the strengthening of the pejorative image of the public official, through social interactions.
DIMENSÕES SÓCIO-HISTÓRICAS DA VIOLÊNCIA CONTRA A MULHER: EM PAUTA, A ORDEM DA GUERRA
Authors: Lovato Cristina , Kehler Gabriel , Motta Vanessa
Published: December 2020

This text is structured as a literature review article in which the socio-historical dimensions of violence against women are discussed. To this end, the following discursive itinerary is envisaged: a) the role of the State in regulating the order of war, in short, violence; b) the resumption of the discussion on the institutionalization of patriarchy; c) the reaffirmation of the position of Feminism as a device for living and combating violence, and, finally, some final considerations about the genesis and reproduction of violence against women are presented. Thus, this undertaking corroborates with previous studies that highlight the mode of social organization as the foundation on which the patriarchy's discursive prerogatives that foster violence against the female social body are sustained.
A LEITURA NA PERSPECTIVA DISCURSIVA: O POLÍTICO E A POLÍTICA EM CHARGES
Authors: Moreira José Carlos , Venturini Maria Cleci
Published: December 2020

L'analyse du discours, en tant que discipline interprétative à part entière, considère différents domaines de la connaissance et son objet d'analyse est le discours comme effet du sens entre interlocuteurs. Méthodologiquement, la question de recherche détermine les dispositifs théorico-méthodologiques à mobiliser dans les analyses. Dans cet article, la caricature est la matérialité discursive par laquelle nous cherchons à analyser le discours politique qui a circulé dans la période précédant la réforme des retraites, en 2019. Les analyses se concentrent sur trois caricatures et à partir de celles-ci nous cherchons à comprendre comment la résistance aux événements qui affectent les pratiques sociales est discursivisée et quelles mémoires discursives et des discours autres résonnent, établissant une résistance par la langue dans l'histoire.
Pendayagunaan Arsip Film Melalui Kegiatan Pemutaran Film Keragaman Lokal Konten Sebagai Pelestarian Nilai Sejarah dan Budaya Jawa
Authors: Fadilla Nurul , Zulaikha Sri Rohyanti
Published: December 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pendayagunaan arsip film melalui kegiatan pemutaran film keragaman lokal konten budaya Jawa DIY yang dilakukan oleh Grhatama Pustaka Balai Layanan Perpustakaan DPAD DIY. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini yaitu dengan cara observasi, wawancara, dan studi kepustakaan (library research). Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendayagunaan arsip film melalui kegiatan pemutaran film keragaman lokal konten budaya Jawa DIY pada Grhatama Pustaka memberikan pengaruh positif dalam melestarikan nilai budaya dan sejarah melalui film, perkenalan budaya dan sejarah dilakukan dengan cara yang cukup berbeda yaitu dari adanya film dokumenter. Hal itu tercermin dari sikap dan perilaku pemustaka yang memberikan feedback secara langsung, baik dari segi film yang menambah wawasan, pengetahuan baru perihal budaya, sejarah  serta pariwisata yang telah terjadi yang mungkin belum familiar bagi para pemustaka, dan adanya komentar terkait durasi film yang dirasa singkat sehingga menjadi ketertarikan tersendiri bagi pemustaka untuk ingin menonton film dokumenter lainnya serta statistik pengunjung yang menyaksikan pemutaran film dokumenter kian naik dan bertambah. Rekomendasi dari penelitian ini diharapkan lebih memperbanyak koleksi film dokumenter lainnya, sehingga film lama tidak hanya sekedar menjadi arsip saja tapi dapat didayagunakan kembali sehingga kebermanfaatannya terasa, dan diharapkan untuk lebih mempromosikan, memperkenalkan kegiatan pemutaran film, semakin memperluas jaringan kerjasama agar dapat menjalin hubungan dengan pihak-pihak tertentu terkait pemutaran film dokumenter, agar karya yang dihasilkan jangka waktu penggunaan atau pemanfaatannya dapat dirasakan lebih lama dan dijangkau oleh lebih banyak orang lagi terutama generasi berikutnya di masa depan.
Upaya Perpustakaan Universitas Airlangga dalam Mewujudkan Airlangga University Library Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
Authors: - Suhernik , Cahyani Indah Rachma
Published: December 2020

Saat ini perpustakaan umum, perpustakaan nasional, universitas, sekolah, dan khusus memastikan bahwa informasi dan keterampilan untuk menggunakan informasi tersedia untuk semua pemustaka dan  menjadikan institusi bagian dari revolusi era digital. Perpustakaan menyediakan infrastruktur teknologi informasi dan komunikasi (TIK), membantu pemustaka mengembangkan kapasitas untuk menggunakan informasi secara efektif, dan melestarikan informasi untuk memastikan akses berkelanjutan bagi generasi mendatang. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan strategi Perpustakaan Universitas Airlangga dalam dalam mewujudkan Airlangga University Library Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), dengan metode studi literature, kajian ini mampu menampilkan konsep-konsep secara detail dan mampu membuat kerangka berfikir khususnya dalam hal mengatur dan memilih mana referensi yang relevan dengan kajian yang dibuat.
Victims, villains and the rare hero: Analysis of migrant and refugee health portrayals in the Indian print media
Authors: John Ekatha Ann , Kapilashrami Anuj
Published: December 2020

The Indian media’s reportage of the Covid-19 pandemic has exposed the State’s long-standing apathy towards low-income migrants and the structural neglect and violence faced by them in society. But how consistent were the country’s print media in reporting on this population group before the crisis? This paper reports the findings of a study that examines the representation of migrants and refugees and their health in the Indian print media prior to the pandemic. A secondary objective was to examine any variations in their representation based on their social positions (for example, ethnicity, nationality, gender, religion). Using frame and content analyses, three English language newspapers were examined for the period January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018. A total of 1,111 articles were retrieved. Analysis revealed that migrants were most frequently framed as “villains”, posing a threat to the security, culture, health and economy in their destination states/cities, and less often as victims. On health coverage, the study found that the media frequently pathologised migrants and projected them as carriers of infection. Migrants’ religion, ethnicity and class, and their proximity to the majoritarian population appeared most prominent in determining the frame imposed. The articles mostly relied on accounts of state officials and political leaders, whereas migrants’ voices comprised less than a quarter of the sources of information. The media thus play a vital role in crystallising these disparities and, through acts of both omission and commission, end up vilifying migrants.
UAV and ground-based imagery analysis detects canopy structure changes after canopy management applications
Authors: Ouyang Jingyun , De Bei Roberta , Fuentes Sigfredo , Collins Cassandra
Published: December 2020

Aim: To analyse unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-based imagery to assess canopy structural changes after the application of different canopy management practices in the vineyard.Methods and results: Four different canopy management practices: i–ii) leaf removal within the bunch zone (eastern side/both eastern and western sides), iii) bunch thinning and iv) shoot trimming were applied to grapevines at veraison, in a commercial Cabernet-Sauvignon vineyard in McLaren Vale, South Australia. UAV-based imagery captures were taken: i) before the canopy treatments, ii) after the treatments and iii) at harvest to assess the treatment outcomes. Canopy volume, projected canopy area and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were derived from the analysis of RGB and multispectral imagery collected using the UAV. Plant area index (PAI) was calculated using the smartphone app VitiCanopy as a ground-based measurement for comparison with UAV-derived measurements. Results showed that all three types of UAV-based measurements detected changes in the canopy structure after the application of canopy management practices, except for the bunch thinning treatment. As expected, ground-based PAI was the only technique to effectively detect internal canopy structure changes caused by bunch thinning. Canopy volume and PAI were found to better detect variations in canopy structure compared to NDVI and projected canopy area. The latter were negatively affected by the interference of the trimmed shoots left on the ground.Conclusions: UAV-based tools can provide accurate assessments to some canopy management outcomes at the vineyard scale. Among different UAV-based measurements, canopy volume was more sensitive to changes in canopy structure, compared to NDVI and projected canopy area, and demonstrated a greater potential to assess the outcomes of a range of canopy management practices.  Significance and impact of the study: Canopy management practices are widely applied to regulate canopy growth, improve grape quality and reduce disease pressure in the bunch zone. Being able to detect major changes in canopy structure, with some limitations when the practice affects the internal structure (i.e., bunch thinning), UAV-based imagery analysis can be used to measure the outcome of common canopy management practices and it can improve the efficiency of vineyard management.
Implementation of Project Based Learning (PjBL) Learning Model Through Wall Magazine Towards Learning Achievement and Collaborative Skills
Authors: Nuha Dini Nur , Febriana Beta Wulan , Merdekawati Krisna
Published: December 2020

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether there are significant differences in students’ learning achievement and collaborative skills between class that implement Project-Based Learning model and the conventional learning model on the buffer solution material. This research is an experimental study that using quasi-experimental design, post-test only with non-equivalent group design. The population used in this study were all students of 10th grade by using two classes as research samples. Data were analyzed using the Independent Sample T-Test for learning achievement in knowledge, as well as the non-parametric Mann Whitney U test for students’ learning achievement and collaborative skills. The results of this study can be concluded that there are significant differences in students' learning achievement and collaborative skills between the implementation of the PjBL learning model and conventional learning models on the buffer solution material. Keywords: project-based learning, collaborative skills, learning achievement
Pandanarum Village Community Empowerment to Actualize Sustainable Development Goals of the Terrestrial Ecosystem
Authors: Hudaya Muhammad Reza , Astuti Eka Zuni Lusi
Published: December 2020

Blitar Regency has a potential terrestrial ecosystem to improve community welfare. However, the government's low commitment to manage terrestrial ecosystem can cause environmental damage. For example, damage to the terrestrial ecosystem in Pandanarum Village due to deforestation has caused natural disasters such as floods, landslides, and air temperature rise. Not only in Pandanarum village, but also the surrounding villages were also affected by the disaster. This condition led to establish an environmental-loving community called Sahabat Menanam in year 2015. Sahabat Menanam is doing some efforts to overcome the terrestrial ecosystem damage in Pandanarum through community empowerment approach. This study aims to describe the efforts of Sahabat Menanam in empowering Pandanarum community, by using qualitative methods. Data was collected through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The study shows that Sahabat Menanam has succeeded in empowering the Pandanarum community, which is demonstrated by an independent community through increasing knowledge and capacity to conserve terrestrial ecosystems. After the community becomes an independent society, efforts to conserve terrestrial ecosystems can be carried out in a sustainable manner by community elements themselves with or without intervention from Sahabat Menanam.
Is Dark Matter Light?
Authors: Hofstetter Lorne
Published: December 2020

Elucidating the nature of dark matter in galactic systems remains one of the important unsolved mysteries of modern cosmology. As a thought experiment, we consider a galaxy model where the light radiating outward from stellar objects produces a gravitational effect larger than Einstein's theory of gravity predicts. Using computer simulations, we observe that this assumption allows the basic rotation curve profiles observed in both dwarf and late-type spiral galaxies to be recreated. It is important to highlight that a separate mass model describing the dark matter halo is not needed or used. This toy model may also lead to insights about the nature of dark energy. If the gravitational effects in the universe are currently dominated by radiated light as this toy model may suggest, the cosmic scale factor would be closely linked to the time-history and spatial distribution of star formation and death rates. An accelerating universe may simply be a manifestation of star death rates exceeding star formation rates in the current epoch.
Pro-Inflammatory Interlekin-33 Induces Dichotomic Effects on Cell Proliferation in Normal Gastric Epithelium and Gastric Cancer
Authors: Pisani Laura Francesca , Tontini Gianeugenio , Gentile Carmine , Marinoni Beatrice , Teani Isabella , Nandi Nicoletta , Creo Pasquale , Asti Emanuele , Bonavina Luigi , Vecchi Maurizio , Pastorelli Luca
Published: December 2020

Background: Interleukin (IL)-33 is a member of interleukin (IL)-1 family of cytokines which has been linked to the development of inflammatory conditions and cancer in the gastrointestinal tract. This study is designed to investigate whether IL-33 has direct effect on human gastric epithelial cells (GES-1) and on human gastric adenocarcinoma cell line (AGS), assessing its role in regulation of cell proliferation and cell cycle, apoptosis and necrosis. Cell cycle regulation was also determined in ex vivo gastric cancer samples obtained during endoscopy and surgical procedures. Methods: cell lines and tissue samples underwent stimulation with rhIL-33. Proliferation was assessed by XTT and CFSE assay, we also evaluated apoptosis and necrosis by Caspase 3/8 Activity assay and Propidium Iodine/Annexin V assays. Cell cycle were analyzed by means of Propidium Iodine assay and gene expression regulation was assessed by RT-PCR Profiling. Results: we found that IL-33 has an antiproliferative and proapoptotic effect on cancer cell line, while it can stimulate proliferation and reduce apoptosis in normal epithelial cell line. These effects are also confirmed by the analysis of cell cycle gene expression which showed a reduced expression of proproliferative genes in AGS cells, in particular genes involved in G0/G1 and G2/M checkpoint. These results are confirmed by the gene expression analysis on surgical and bioptic specimens. Conclusions: the aforementioned results indicate that IL-33 may be involved in cell proliferation in an environment- and cell type-dependent fashion.
Hilirisasi Kelapa Sawit: Kinerja, Kendala, dan Prospek
Authors: Azahari Delima Hasri
Published: December 2020

Palm oil is one of the main commodities in Indonesia’s economy as it plays an important role in export market of the non-oil and gas sector. Palm oil industry at farm level deals with lack of replanting, low yield, low quality, and undeveloped downstream industry. Indonesia is relatively potential to develop the palm oil downstream industry given the existing market. Global palm oil demand keeps increasing despite negative campaigns against crude palm oil (CPO) and its derivative products. Land availability, labor supply and cultivation technology are supportive. This paper discusses and evaluates national palm oil performance, especially opportunities and challenges in creating value added to this industry. There are four main challenges, i.e. limited infrastructure and financing, lack of access to local authorities, land use conflict, and environment pressure. The government needs to implement policy priority on palm oil downstream industry which is more competitive, integrated, and sustainable.

 

Abstrak

Komoditas kelapa sawit merupakan salah satu komoditas andalan perekonomian nasional dan sebagai penghasil devisa negara terbesar di sektor nonmigas. Permasalahan yang dihadapi industri kelapa sawit pada tingkat usaha tani adalah terbatasnya investasi untuk peremajaan, rendahnya produktivitas dan kualitas hasil, dan belum berkembungnya industri hilir secara maksimal sehingga produk-produk turunan kelapa sawit masih terbatas. Sementara itu, Indonesia masih memiliki potensi yang besar untuk meningkatkan nilai tambah melalui industri pengolahan turunan kelapa sawit jika dilihat dari sisi permintaan pasar maupun penawarannya. Dari sisi permintaan, permintaan kelapa sawit global terus meningkat walalupun dalam kondisi adanya kampanye negatif (black campaign) terhadap produk minyak sawit atau CPO (Crude Palm Oil) dan produk-produk turunannya. Dari sisi penawaran, ketersediaan lahan, tenaga kerja dan teknologi budi daya sangat menudukung. Tulisan ini membahas dan mengevaluasi kinerja industri sawit nasional, khususnya bagaimana peluang dan kendala penciptaan nilai tambah industri sawit. Tulisan ini menekankan empat kendala utama dalam pemanfaatan peluang tersebut, yaitu keterbatasan infrastruktur dan sumber pendanaan, akses otonomi daerah, konflik lahan, dan tekanan isu lingkungan. Dalam hal ini, pemerintah dituntut untuk dapat menerapkan berbagai kebijakan yang memprioritaskan pada hilirisasi kelapa sawit dengan pendekatan klaster/kawasan guna membangun struktur industri kelapa sawit yang berdaya saing, terpadu dan berkelanjutan. 
Pertanian Organik: Konsep, Kinerja, Prospek, dan Kendala
Authors: Purwantini Tri Bastuti , Sunarsih NFN
Published: December 2020

Organic agriculture grows rapidly both at national and global levels triggered by consumers’’ awareness of the dangers of synthetic chemicals in agriculture. Consumers are increasingly wise in choosing healthy, environmentally  friendly  food.  The  paper  aims  to  describe  the  concept  of  organic  agriculture  and  from international  and  national  views,  followed  by  an  explanation  of  the  development  of  organic  agriculture  in Indonesia.  Discussion  on  the  concept  and  development  of  organic  agriculture  in  Indonesia  covers  the performance of organic agriculture development, programs, area, producers and markets. The results of the study indicate that Indonesia has considerable potential to compete in international markets of organic agriculture products albeit gradually. Institutions such as those of conventional agriculture, i.e. farmers’ groups, cooperatives, associations or corporations, are still very relevant to boost organic agriculture development. Organic agricultural products in the transition period are still pioneering the market. The community is the closest market accessible. Organic farming education should involve producers and consumers.

 

Abstrak

Pertanian organik tumbuh pesat di tingkat nasional maupun global. Hal ini seiring peningkatan kesadaran konsumen terhadap bahaya bahan kimia sintetis dalam produk pertanian. Konsumen makin bijak dalam memilih bahan pangan yang aman bagi kesehatan dan ramah lingkungan. Tujuan makalah ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan konsep pertanian organik menurut pandangan internasional maupun nasional, dilanjutkan dengan pemaparan perkembangan pertanian organik di Indonesia. Pembahasan tentang konsep dan perkembangan pertanian organik di Indonesia mencakup kinerja perkembangan pertanian organik, program, luas areal, produsen, dan pasar produk organik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia memiliki potensi yang cukup besar untuk bersaing di pasar internasional walaupun secara bertahap. Secara kelembagaan pengembangan pertanian organik di Indonesia hampir sama dengan pertanian konvensional, seperti kelompok tani, koperasi, asosiasi, atau korporasi masih sangat relevan untuk digunakan sebagai pengembangan pertanian organik. Produk pertanian organik pada masa transisi masih merintis pasar dan biasanya komunitas menjadi pasar terdekat yang bisa dijangkau. Edukasi tentang pertanian organik perlu dilakukan pada kedua sisi, produsen dan konsumen.
Pengentasan Rumah Tangga Rawan Pangan dan Gizi: Besaran, Penyebab, Dampak, dan Kebijakan
Authors: Hendriadi Agung , Ariani Mewa
Published: December 2020

One of the next development agendas is quality human capital improvement. However, the progress is affected by proportion of food insecure households not insignificantly improving. It is similar to prevalence of stunted under-five-year-old children as high as 27.9%. This paper is a critical review aiming to analyze magnitude, determinant, impact and policy alternative related with food and nutrition insecurity alleviation. Food and nutrition insecurity could be seen from perspectives of areas (island/district/city), households and individuals. Currently, there are five indicators used by the government to calculate food insecurity including three global indicators and 2 country indicators resulting in different proportion of households with food and nutrition security. There are various interlinked determinants consisting of purchasing power, sociocultural aspects, infrastructure, and natural resources. Therefore, efforts to reduce these problems should be comprehensive, sustainable and consistent in planning and implementation. Policy on self-sufficiency should be developed on the specific regions based on local resources and culture. The policy should be implemented through community empowerment especially among the poor for improving income and basic infrastructure in insecure areas. To achieve the goals, there should be collaboration between governments and representatives at central and local levels, as well as individuals.
La comunicación como herramienta clave en la docencia de postgrado durante los momentos de crisis
Authors: Cortés Cortés Manuel Enrique
Published: December 2020

Señor Editor:

Con especial atención leí el interesante artículo de Valcazar Montenegro (2019), publicado recientemente en Desde el Sur. Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo comparar los niveles de evaluación de las competencias del docente desde la percepción de los estudiantes de cuatro programas de maestría especializadas. Como resultado, se encontró que existen diferencias significativas al comparar los niveles de evaluación de las competencias de los docentes desde la perspectiva estudiantil. En dicho estudio, las competencias con mayor valoración fueron: la selección de contenidos disciplinares, el diseñar la metodología y organizar las actividades, ofrecer información y explicaciones comprensibles y comunicarse-relacionarse con los alumnos (Valcazar Montenegro, 2019). Considerando lo anterior, esta Carta al Editor se centra en una de ellas: la comunicación. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este artículo es destacar la importancia de la comunicación como herramienta clave para la docencia de postgrado.
Introducción al concepto de fractal en enseñanza secundaria usando realidad virtual inmersiva
Authors: Chavil Montenegro Dante Yván , Romero Albadalejo Isabel María , Rodríguez Blancas José Luis
Published: December 2020

El concepto de fractal no se introduce en secundaria a pesar de su potencial a nivel matemático y de su aplicabilidad. La realidad virtual es una herramienta adecuada  que facilita dicha introducción. Nuestro interés radica en  conocer la influencia del uso del software de realidad virtual inmersiva NeoTrie VR en el aprendizaje y la motivación  de los fractales en estudiantes de primer año de educación secundaria. Se sigue un esquema de investigación  de orientación cualitativa y de tipo descriptivo, con tres grupos de estudiantes de cuatro integrantes cada uno. Los  resultados muestran que NeoTrie VR facilita la construcción  de fractales y observamos que ello incide positivamente  en la asimilación de la noción de fractal. Además, los estudiantes manifiestan concentración y disfrute, acorde con  la experiencia de flujo, al hacer uso de este software.
Digital Health Interventions for Healthy Aging: A Qualitative User Evaluation and Ethical Assessment
Authors: Ienca Marcello , Schneble Christophe , Kressig Reto , Wangmo Tenzin
Published: December 2020

BackgroundDigital health technologies are being increasingly developed with the aim of allowing older adults to maintain functional independence throughout the old age, a process known as healthy ageing. Such digital health technologies for healthy ageing are expected to mitigate the socio-economic effects of population ageing and improve the quality of life of older people. However, little is known regarding the views and needs of older people regarding these technologies. AimThe aim of this study is to explore the views, needs and perceptions of community-dwelling older adults regarding the use of digital health technologies for healthy ageing. MethodFace-to-face, in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with community-dwelling older adults (median age 79.6 years). The interview process involved both abstract reflections and practical demonstrations. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed according to inductive content analysis. ResultsThree main themes and twelve sub-themes emerged. The three main themes revolved around the following thematic areas: favorable views and perceptions on technology-assisted living, usability evaluations and ethical considerations. ConclusionsOur study reveals a generally positive attitude towards digital health technologies as participants believed digital tools could positively contribute to improving their overall wellbeing, especially if designed in a patient-centered manner. Safety concerns and ethical issues related to privacy, empowerment and lack of human contact also emerged as key considerations.
Facilitators and barriers to Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake among adolescent girls and young women in Seme-Sub County, Kisumu, Kenya
Authors: Jackson-Gibson Maya , Ezema Ashley , Orero Wicklife , Were Irene , Ohiomoba Ramael , Mbullo Patrick , Hirschhorn Lisa
Published: December 2020

Background: While the introduction of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) as an HIV prevention strategy has allowed women to exercise more control over the reduction of HIV transmission rates, adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in Sub-Saharan Africa continue to experience higher rates of HIV infections and bear the greatest disease burden. Understanding progress in PrEP uptake among AGYW would enhance risk reduction in this vulnerable population. The Determined, Resilient, AIDS-Free, Mentored and Safe women (DREAMS) Initiative plays a key role in this risk reduction strategy.Methods: We performed a retrospective qualitative study to explore facilitators and barriers to PrEP, specifically those effecting initiation and persistence, among AGYW enrolled in the DREAMS Initiative at Pamoja Community Based Organization (CBO) in Kisumu, Kenya. We conducted key informant interviews (n = 15) with Pamoja CBO staff, health care providers and community leaders. Additionally, we conducted focus group discussions with young women receiving PrEP (n = 40) and peer mentors (n = 12). We did thematic analysis using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to identify emergent themes.Results: We found that the use of the safe space model, decentralization of PrEP support and delivery, peer mentors, proper linkage to local health care facilities, and the sensitization of parents and male sexual partners were among some of the facilitators to PrEP uptake. Barriers to initiation and persistence included stigma associated with the use of anti-retroviral dugs, distance to safe spaces, and limited testing and qualified health care workers for PrEP distribution and administration.Conclusions: Overall, community roll out of PrEP within the DREAMS Initiative was successful in part due to integration and layering of services (biological, behavioral and structural), increased self-efficacy among AGYW, enhanced inter-agency and multisectoral collaboration.
Noninvasive urinary protein signatures associated with colorectal cancer diagnosis and metastasis
Authors: Sun Yulin , Guo Zhengguang , Jing Zongpan , Li Jun , Yang Lijun , Liu Xiaoyan , Cai Meng , Zheng Zhaoxu , Shao Chen , Zhang Yefan , Sun Haidan , Wang Li , Han Yue , Zou Shuangmei , Gao Jiajia , Sun Yan , Zhao Yan , Nan Peng , Xie Xiufeng , Tian Lusong , Liu Fang , Zhou Lanping , Sun Wei , Zhao Xiaohang
Published: December 2020

Currently, imaging and serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) tests are not sufficient for early detection and evaluation of metastasis and recurrence in colorectal cancer (CRC). To comprehensively discover and validate more accurate noninvasive biomarkers in urine, we adopted a staged discovery-verification-validation pipeline in 657 urine and 665 tissue samples from healthy controls and CRC patients with a distinct metastatic risk. The diagnostic signature generated combined with serum CEA levels revealed a significantly increased sensitivity (+34.8%) compared to CEA alone. Moreover, over 50% of CEA-negative metastatic patients were correctly predicted by the metastatic signature generated for metastatic risk. The tissue validation and functional study showed that CORO1C was associated with distant metastasis and enhanced the invasion and metastasis of CRC cells via a novel integrin/FAK/SRC and relevant pathways. Our findings provide novel urinary protein biomarkers and potential interventional targets to reliably detect CRC, especially in patients with metastatic CRC.