bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Social mobility and healthy behaviours from a gender perspective in the Spanish multicase-control study (MCC-Spain)
Authors: Pinto-Carbó M. , Peiró-Pérez R. , Molina-Barceló A. , Vanaclocha-Espi M. , Alguacil J. , Castaño-Vinyals G. , O’Callaghan-Gordo C. , Gràcia-Lavedan E. , Pérez-Gómez B. , Lope V. , Aragonés N. , Molina A. J. , Fernández-Villa T. , Gil-Majuelo L. , Amiano P. , Dierssen-Sotos T. , Gómez-Acebo I. , Guevara M. , Moreno-Iribas C. , Obón-Santacana M. , Rodríguez-Suárez M. M. , Salcedo-Bellido I. , Delgado-Parrilla A. , Marcos-Gragera R. , Chirlaque M. D. , Kogevinas M. , Pollán M. , Salas D.
Published: May 2021

There is evidence for the influence of socioeconomic status (SES) on healthy behaviours but the effect of social mobility (SM) is not yet well known. This study aims to analyse the influence of origin and destination SES (O-SES and D-SES) and SM on healthy behaviours and co-occurrence, from an integrated gender and age perspective. Data were obtained from the controls of MCC-Spain between 2008–2013 (3,606 participants). Healthy behaviours considered: healthy diet, moderate alcohol consumption, non-smoking and physical activity. SM was categorized as stable high, upward, stable medium, downward or stable low. Binary and multinomial logistic regression models were adjusted. Those aged <65, with a low O-SES, D-SES and stable low SM are less likely to have healthy behaviours in the case of both women (physically active: OR = 0.65 CI = 0.45–0.94, OR = 0.71 CI = 0.52–0.98, OR = 0.61 CI = 0.41–0.91) and men (non-smokers: OR = 0.44 CI = 0.26–0.76, OR = 0.54 CI = 0.35–0.83, OR = 0.41 CI 0.24–0.72; physically active: OR = 0.57 CI = 0.35–0.92, OR = 0.64 CI = 0.44–0.95, OR = 0.53 CI = 0.23–0.87). However, for those aged ≥65, this probability is higher in women with a low O-SES and D-SES (non-smoker: OR = 8.09 CI = 4.18–15.67, OR = 4.14 CI = 2.28–7.52; moderate alcohol consumption: OR = 3.00 CI = 1.45–6.24, OR = 2.83 CI = 1.49–5.37) and in men with a stable low SM (physically active: OR = 1.52 CI = 1.02–1.26). In the case of men, the same behaviour pattern is observed in those with a low O-SES as those with upward mobility, with a higher probability of co-occurring behaviours (three-to-four behaviours: OR = 2.00 CI = 1.22–3.29; OR = 3.13 CI = 1.31–7.48). The relationship of O-SES, D-SES and SM with healthy behaviours is complex and differs according to age and gender.
Getting to the bottom of research funding: Acknowledging the complexity of funding dynamics
Authors: Aagaard Kaare , Mongeon Philippe , Ramos-Vielba Irene , Thomas Duncan Andrew
Published: May 2021

Research funding is an important factor for public science. Funding may affect which research topics get addressed, and what research outputs are produced. However, funding has often been studied simplistically, using top-down or system-led perspectives. Such approaches often restrict analysis to confined national funding landscapes or single funding organizations and instruments in isolation. This overlooks interlinkages, broader funding researchers might access, and trends of growing funding complexity. This paper instead frames a ‘bottom-up’ approach that analytically distinguishes between increasing levels of aggregation of funding instrument co-use. Funding of research outputs is selected as one way to test this approach, with levels traced via funding acknowledgements (FAs) in papers published 2009–18 by researchers affiliated to Denmark, the Netherlands or Norway, in two test research fields (Food Science, Renewable Energy Research). Three funding aggregation levels are delineated: at the bottom, ‘funding configurations’ of funding instruments co-used by individual researchers (from single-authored papers with two or more FAs); a middle, ‘funding amalgamations’ level, of instruments co-used by collaborating researchers (from multi-authored papers with two or more FAs); and a ‘co-funding network’ of instruments co-used across all researchers active in a research field (all papers with two or more FAs). All three levels are found to include heterogenous funding co-use from inside and outside the test countries. There is also co-funding variety in terms of instrument ‘type’ (public, private, university or non-profit) and ‘origin’ (domestic, foreign or supranational). Limitations of the approach are noted, as well as its applicability for future analyses not using paper FAs to address finer details of research funding dynamics.
Interferon signaling suppresses the unfolded protein response and induces cell death in hepatocytes accumulating hepatitis B surface antigen
Authors: Baudi Ian , Isogawa Masanori , Moalli Federica , Onishi Masaya , Kawashima Keigo , Ishida Yuji , Tateno Chise , Sato Yusuke , Harashima Hideyoshi , Ito Hiroyasu , Ishikawa Tetsuya , Wakita Takaji , Iannacone Matteo , Tanaka Yasuhito
Published: May 2021

Virus infection, such as hepatitis B virus (HBV), occasionally causes endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The unfolded protein response (UPR) is counteractive machinery to ER stress, and the failure of UPR to cope with ER stress results in cell death. Mechanisms that regulate the balance between ER stress and UPR are poorly understood. Type 1 and type 2 interferons have been implicated in hepatic flares during chronic HBV infection. Here, we examined the interplay between ER stress, UPR, and IFNs using transgenic mice that express hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) (HBs-Tg mice) and humanized-liver chimeric mice infected with HBV. IFNα causes severe and moderate liver injury in HBs-Tg mice and HBV infected chimeric mice, respectively. The degree of liver injury is directly correlated with HBsAg levels in the liver, and reduction of HBsAg in the transgenic mice alleviates IFNα mediated liver injury. Analyses of total gene expression and UPR biomarkers’ protein expression in the liver revealed that UPR is induced in HBs-Tg mice and HBV infected chimeric mice, indicating that HBsAg accumulation causes ER stress. Notably, IFNα administration transiently suppressed UPR biomarkers before liver injury without affecting intrahepatic HBsAg levels. Furthermore, UPR upregulation by glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) suppression or low dose tunicamycin alleviated IFNα mediated liver injury. These results suggest that IFNα induces ER stress-associated cell death by reducing UPR. IFNγ uses the same mechanism to exert cytotoxicity to HBsAg accumulating hepatocytes. Collectively, our data reveal a previously unknown mechanism of IFN-mediated cell death. This study also identifies UPR as a potential target for regulating ER stress-associated cell death.
Wood modification with N-methylol and N-methyl compounds: a case study on how non-fixated chemicals in modified wood may affect the classification of their durability
Authors: Emmerich Lukas , Brischke Christian , Militz Holger
Published: May 2021

Chemical modification is increasing the durability of wood against biological deterioration. Usually, the effect of a new treatment on the durability of wood is screened in laboratory decay tests, where durability classes are assigned on the basis of the mass loss (ML) caused by degrading fungi. The aim of this study was to demonstrate how non-fixated chemicals in modified wood may affect fungal ML measurements and corresponding durability classification when wood samples are incubated under humid conditions for long periods. Wood blocks were treated with solutions of 1,3-dimethylol-4,5-dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU), methylated DMDHEU (mDMDHEU) and 1,3-dimethyl-4,5-dihydroxyethyleneurea (DMeDHEU) and subjected to consecutive cold-water leaching cycles. Significant amounts of non-fixated chemicals were removed from the wood by three leaching cycles and might lead to ML mistaken as response of fungal decay. Consequently, the treated material was assigned erroneously by up to four durability classes (DC) worse than material which did not include leachable, non-fixated chemicals. Thus, for a reliable durability classification of chemically modified wood, prolonged leaching procedures are recommended to assure that the measured ML is entirely attributed to fungal decay.
Possible involvement of the dopamine D2 receptors of ventromedial hypothalamus in the control of free- and scheduled-feeding and plasma ghrelin level in rat
Authors: Mehranfard Nasrin , Halabian Alireza , Alaei Hojatallah , Radahmadi Maryam , Bahari Zahra , Ghasemi Maedeh
Published: May 2021

Objectives

We investigated effect of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) dopamine D2 receptor inhibition on food intake and plasma ghrelin following chronic free or scheduled meal with different caloric intakes.

Methods

Male Wistar rats (220–250 g) were fed diets containing free (control) or three scheduled diets of standard, restricted and high-fat for 1 month. The animals stereotaxically received an intra VMH single dose of sulpiride (0.005 µg)/or saline (0.5 µL) before meal time. Thirty minutes later, food intake and circulating ghrelin were measured.

Results

Sulpiride significantly reduced food intake and ghrelin concentration in freely fed and scheduled-standard diet (p<0.05), while increased food intake, with ghrelin level on fasted level in scheduled-restricted group (p<0.01) compared to control. Food intake and ghrelin concentration between scheduled-high fat and freely fed or scheduled-standard diets did not show significant changes.

Conclusions

The VMH D2 receptors are possibly involved in controlling scheduled eating behavior, depending on energy balance context.
Intrahippocampal co-administration of nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine prevents the H-89-induced spatial learning deficits in Morris water maze
Authors: Hashemzaei Mahmoud , Baratzadeh Najmeh , Shahramian Iraj , Fanoudi Sahar , Sanati Mehdi , Rezaei Hanieh , Shahraki Jafar , Rezaee Ramin , Belaran Maryam , Bazi Ali , Tabrizian Kaveh
Published: May 2021

Objectives

H-89 (a protein kinase AII [PKA II] inhibitor) impairs the spatial memory in the Morris water maze task in rats. In the present study, we aimed to study the protective effects of nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine against H-89-induced spatial memory deficits.

Methods

Spatial memory impairment was induced by the bilateral intrahippocampal administration of 10 µM H-89 (dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO) to rats. The rats then received bilateral administrations of either nicotine (1 μg/μL, dissolved in saline) or O-acetyl-L-carnitine (100 μM/side, dissolved in deionized water) alone and in combination. Control groups received either saline, deionized water, or DMSO.

Results

The H-89-treated animals showed significant increases in the time and distance travelled to find hidden platforms, and there was also a significant decrease in the time spent in the target quadrant compared to DMSO-treated animals. Nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine had no significant effects on H-89-induced spatial learning impairments alone, but the bilateral intrahippocampal co-administration of nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine prevented H-89-induced spatial learning deficits and increased the time spent in the target quadrant in comparison with H-89-treated animals.

Conclusions

Our results indicated the potential synergistic effects of nicotine and O-acetyl-L-carnitine in preventing protein kinase AII inhibitor (H-89)-induced spatial learning impairments.
Digital predistortion of radio over fiber (RoF) link using hybrid Memetic algorithm
Authors: Singh Manjit , Sappal Amandeep Singh
Published: May 2021

Despite their many advantages over other communication links, radio over fiber (RoF) links also suffer from nonlinearity. This limits the dynamic range performance of the RoF link. Linearization techniques like digital predistortion can be explored for mitigating this nonlinearity. A hybrid optimization algorithm called hybrid Memetic algorithm, which uses the benefits of both Tabu search algorithm and Memetic algorithm, is used for parameter estimation of the digital predistorter. Simulation results demonstrate that the hybrid Memetic algorithm offers very promising outcomes.
The neonatal respiratory morbidity associated with early term caesarean section – an emerging pandemic
Authors: Thomas Jis , Olukade Tawa Olayemi , Naz Aliya , Salama Husam , Al-Qubaisi Mai , Al Rifai Hilal , Al-Obaidly Sawsan
Published: May 2021

Objectives

To examine the impact of early term caesarean section (CS) on respiratory morbidity and early neonatal outcomes when elective caesarean section was carried out before 39 completed weeks gestation in our population.

Methods

A one-year population-based retrospective cohort analysis using routinely collected hospital data. Livebirths from women who had elective lower segment cesarean section (ELSCS) for uncomplicated singleton pregnancies at early term (ET) 37+0 to 38+6 weeks were compared to full term (FT)≥39+0 weeks gestation. Exclusion criteria included diabetes, antenatal corticosteroid use, stillbirths, immediate neonatal deaths, normal vaginal deliveries and emergency caesareans sections. The outcomes were combined respiratory morbidity (tachypnea [TTN] and respiratory distress syndrome [RDS]), Apgar <7 at 5 min of age, respiratory support, duration of respiratory support and NICU admission.

Results

Out of a total of 1,466 elective CS with term livebirths, the timing of CS was early term (ET) n=758 (52%) and full term (FT) n=708 (48%). There was a higher incidence of respiratory morbidities and neonatal outcomes in the ET in comparison to FT newborns. In the univariable analysis, significant risks for outcomes were: the need for oxygen support OR 2.42 (95% C.I. 1.38–4.22), respiratory distress syndrome and/or transient tachypnea of newborn (RDSF/TTN) OR 2.44 (95% C.I. 1.33–4.47) and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission OR 1.91 (95% C.I. 1.22–2.98). Only the need for oxygen support remained (OR 1.81, 95% C.I. 1.0–3.26) in the multivariable analysis. These results were observed within the context of a significantly higher proportion of older, multiparous, and higher number of previous caesarean sections in the early term CS group.

Conclusions

There is a significant risk of respiratory morbidities in infants born by elective cesarean section prior to full term gestation. Obstetricians should aim towards reducing the high rate of women with previous multiple cesarean sections including balancing the obstetric indication of early delivery among such women with the evident risk of neonatal respiratory morbidity.
Stylistique et herméneutique des œuvres littéraires : pour une approche intégrative, via la notion de « stylisation »
Authors: Jollin-Bertocchi Sophie , Kurts-Wöste Lia
Published: May 2021

Depuis longtemps appliquée aux arts visuels avec le sens de “simplification”, la notion de stylisation émerge au cours du XXe siècle, héritière de l’histoire d’une approche dynamique du langage dont la source se trouve au XIXe siècle. La réflexion épistémologique récente tend vers une reconceptualisation de l’objet de la stylistique, passant du style à la stylisation, décentrement qui met l’interprétation au premier plan. Une stylisation “primaire”, par le créateur, se poursuit dans la stylisation “secondaire”, par l’interprète. Un détour par la sémiotique des cultures permet de relier l’herméneutique à une problématique sémio-anthropologique, contribuant à affermir la définition de l’objet de la stylistique et le statut scientifique de cette discipline. Objet de l’interprétation, le sens demeure une notion problématique. La stylisation est ici redéfinie comme une opération énonciative d’individuation textuelle visant à organiser du complexe à partir de quelques lignes de force, soit un processus de simplexification. Elle participe au mouvement de réunification des études littéraires et des sciences du langage sous le nom d’herméneutique matérielle.
Synthesis, Surface Tension, Flocculation and Antibacterial Properties of Cationic Copolymer Methacryloxyethyl Trimethyl Ammonium Chloride-Butyl Acrylate-Acrylamide
Authors: Su Geng , Jiang Ya-Jie , Ju Hong-Bin , Wang Ya-Kui , Yu Shui-Xin , Luo Ye-Yuan , Geng Tao
Published: May 2021

Three cationic copolymers methacryloxyethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride-butyl acrylate-acrylamide (MTAC-BA-AM terpolymer) were designed and synthesized by emulsion polymerization. Their structures were confirmed by FT-IR and 1H NMR. The effect of content of hydrophobic monomer butyl acrylate (BA) in MTAC-BA-AM terpolymer on surface activities, flocculation and antibacterial properties were investigated. The study of surface tension shows that MTAC-BA-AM terpolymer has good surface activity due to the introduction of hydrophobic monomer BA. The flocculation experiment showed that the light transmittance of the kaolin suspension supernatant was 98.13% when the dose of MTAC-BA-AM terpolymer in the kaolin suspension was 0.03 mg/L, which was obviously better than the P(MTAC-AM) (91.02%) without hydrophobic modification of BA. The bacteriostatic experiment of MTAC-BA-AM terpolymer showed that as the content of hydrophobic monomer BA in MTAC-BA-AM terpolymer increased the inhibitory rate of MTAC-BA-AM terpolymer aginst Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus)
Removal of Major Phosphate Impurities by Flotation using DTAB Collector
Authors: Farahat Mohsen M. , El-Midany A. A.
Published: May 2021

Removal of phosphate impurities is a prerequisite for using phosphate ores in different applications. The flotation process is one of the most promising processes that have been used to improve the phosphate grade. However, the flotation performance depends on the type of the associated impurities to valuable minerals due to their different flotation behaviour that needs more attention. In this paper, the flotation response of impurities at different pH and dodecyl tri-methyl ammonium bromide (DTAB) collector concentrations was investigated using the statistical design of experiments. The results indicated that some impurities were completely removed such as silica and alumina while others are only partially removed at about 72% and 38%, respectively. Thus, based on the impurities response to flotation and their rejection by flotation using DTAB collector, they are classified into two groups. The first group is SiO2, MgO, and Al2O3, while the second group includes only sulphide mineral (FeS2). The lowest rejection percentage for pyrite is due to its chemical composition as a sulphide mineral that has a different interaction with DTAB collector in comparison to first group minerals.
Dopamine Transporter Is a Master Regulator of Dopaminergic Neural Network Connectivity
Authors: Miller Douglas R. , Guenther Dylan T. , Maurer Andrew P. , Hansen Carissa A. , Zalesky Andrew , Khoshbouei Habibeh
Published: May 2021

Dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNC) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) exhibit spontaneous firing activity. The dopaminergic neurons in these regions have been shown to exhibit differential sensitivity to neuronal loss and psychostimulants targeting dopamine transporter. However, it remains unclear whether these regional differences scale beyond individual neuronal activity to regional neuronal networks. Here, we used live-cell calcium imaging to show that network connectivity greatly differs between SNC and VTA regions with higher incidence of hub-like neurons in the VTA. Specifically, the frequency of hub-like neurons was significantly lower in SNC than in the adjacent VTA, consistent with the interpretation of a lower network resilience to SNC neuronal loss. We tested this hypothesis, in DAT-cre/loxP-GCaMP6f mice of either sex, when activity of an individual dopaminergic neuron is suppressed, through whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiology, in either SNC or VTA networks. Neuronal loss in the SNC increased network clustering, whereas the larger number of hub-neurons in the VTA overcompensated by decreasing network clustering in the VTA. We further show that network properties are regulatable via a dopamine transporter but not a D2 receptor dependent mechanism. Our results demonstrate novel regulatory mechanisms of functional network topology in dopaminergic brain regions.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTIn this work, we begin to untangle the differences in complex network properties between the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNC) and VTA, that may underlie differential sensitivity between regions. The methods and analysis employed provide a springboard for investigations of network topology in multiple deep brain structures and disorders.
Savage Economics: Race, Futurity, and Civilizational Hierarchy in Early Austrian Neoliberalism
Authors: Cornelissen Lars
Published: May 2021

In this essay, I interrogate the racialized roots of the early neoliberal conception of (Western) civilization. I do so by placing that conception in a broader genealogy of early Austrian economic theory, focusing in particular on the writings of Carl Menger, Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk, Friedrich von Wieser, and Ludwig von Mises. Rather than directly analyzing their understanding of civilization, however, I approach this topic by centering the way they construct the figure of the “savage.” This figure, as historians of racial discourse have shown, has long played an important role in European thought, often serving as the constitutive racial other to the “civilized” European. I proceed by asking what role the figure of the “savage” plays in the writings of the early Austrian economists. In doing so, I argue that while Menger and Böhm-Bawerk utilize deeply racialized tropes about “savage” peoples to establish the limits of their own theory of subjective valuation, Wieser not only adopts these tropes but also folds them into a broader racialized philosophy of history that sees historical development as a function of racial endowment. In the final section, I explore Mises’s writings in more detail, arguing that his understanding of race partially overlaps with Wieser’s but also departs from it in several crucial ways. In particular, Mises sees racial hierarchy as a historical rather than a natural phenomenon, prompting him to articulate a mode of “racial historicism” that sees racial hierarchy as a precarious system that could be overturned. In closing, I argue that Mises’s position on racial hierarchy anticipated several key elements of later neoliberal approaches to the question of race.
Large Scale Shell Model Calculations of the Negative-Parity States Structure in 24Mg Nucleus
Authors: Al-Sammarraie A.A. , Ahmed F.A. , Okhunov A.A.
Published: May 2021

The negative-parity states of 24Mg nucleus are investigated within the shell model. We are based on the calculations of energy levels, total squared form factors, and transition probability using the p-sd-pf (PSDPF) Hamiltonian in a large model space (0 + 1) hW. The comparison between the experimental and theoretical states showed a good agreement within a truncated model space. The PSDPF-based calculations successfully reproduced the data on the total squared form factors and transition probabilities of the negative-parity states in 24Mg nucleus. These quantities depend on the one-body density matrix elements that are obtained from the PSDPF Hamiltonian. The wave functions of radial one-particle matrix elements calculated with the harmonic-oscillator potential are suitable to predict experimental data by changing the center-of-mass corrections.
Timing of nitrogen application and cover crops on upland rice economic viability
Authors: Pascoaloto Isabô Melina , Crusciol Carlos Alexandre Costa , Nascimento Carlos Antônio Costa do , Ferreira Carlos Magri , Silva Mellissa Ananias Soler da , Souza Luiz Gustavo Moretti de , Esperancini Maura Seiko Tsutsui
Published: May 2021

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the economic viability and competitiveness of upland rice (Oryza sativa), compared with flooded rice, in a system with different nitrogen fertilization timing and cover crops in Southeastern Brazil. The treatments consisted of upland rice grown under Urochloa brizantha or Urochloa ruziziensis straw, with the following fertilization: T, 30 kg ha-1 N at rice sowing + no extra N supply (0 kg ha-1); C, 30 kg ha-1 N at rice sowing + 90 kg ha-1 N at rice tillering; A2, 30 kg ha-1 N at rice sowing + 90 kg ha-1 N one day before rice sowing; and A1, 30 kg ha-1 N at rice sowing + 90 kg ha-1 N in the living cover crops. Total operating cost, gross revenue, operating profit, profitability index, and equilibrium price were determined. Upland rice results in a monetary gain for the farmer similar to that of flooded rice when nitrogen is added, regardless of fertilization timing. Under rainfall deficit conditions, upland rice sown on U. brizantha straw shows higher profitability rates than when sown on U. ruziziensis. When there is a possibility of rainfall deficit, U. brizantha, as a cover plant, results in a greater economic security for upland rice producers.
Vegetative growth and foliar nutrient contents of peach on different clonal rootstocks
Authors: Sobierajski Graciela da Rocha , Blain Gabriel Constantino , Teixeira Luiz Antonio Junqueira , Mayer Newton Alex
Published: May 2021

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of 19 clonal rootstocks on the vegetative growth and foliar nutrient contents of the 'BRS Kampai' and 'BRS Rubimel' peach (Prunus persica) trees. In the period of 2014 to 2018, two field trials were carried out in the municipalities of Jarinu and Jundiaí, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The BRS Kampai and BRS Rubimel cultivars, budded on 19 clonal rootstocks, besides their own-rooted scions, were evaluated in Jarinu and Jundiaí, respectively. In Jarinu, the Barrier, Cadaman, 'Capdeboscq', Flordaguard, GxN9, I-67-52-4, 'Okinawa', México Fila-1, Nemared, Tsukuba-2, and Tsukuba-3 rootstocks, as well as the own-rooted scion, showed the best performance for vegetative growth and foliar nutrient contents. In Jundiaí, all genotypes, except Marianna 2624 and Mirabolano 29C, did not show any statistical difference regarding vegetative growth. The performance of own-rooted 'BRS Kampai' and 'BRS Rubimel' is similar to that of traditional rootstocks, such as 'Okinawa'. Therefore, the evaluated scion cultivars may be an interesting alternative for sites with suitable biotic and abiotic soil conditions.
Software Source Code: Theoretical Analyzing and Practical Reviewing Model
Authors: Odeh Ayman
Published: May 2021

The high-quality software product is one of the most important goals of software engineering in general, source coding or implementation phase is one of the main steps of the software development process; when this phase is going in a good way and according to the source code quality standards and rules, the final product will be a high-quality product. This research focuses on the issues that can affect source code quality, such as errors, faults, defects, and failures; a practical system model will be provided (proposed) to predict some possible types of errors and defects and suggests some guidance and recommendations on source code error detection and analysis.
The Analysis of the Impact of Yoga on Healthcare and Conventional Strategies for Human Pose Recognition
Authors: Dr. P. Prabhavathy Nagalakshmi Vallabhaneni,
Published: May 2021

Human pose estimation is a profound, established computer vision issue that has uncovered numerous past difficulties. Breaking down human exercise is advantageous in multiple fields like surveillance, biometrics, and many healthcare applications. Workout with yoga poses is famous these days since yoga activities can expand adaptability and muscular quality, and the respiration procedure will be improvised. The yoga postures evaluation is hard to check, so specialists will most likely be unable to benefit from the exercises ultimately. IoT-based yoga frameworks are required for individuals who need to rehearse Yoga at home. A few studies are recommended camera-oriented or wearable gadget-oriented yoga posture finding strategies with more precision. Nonetheless, camera-based plans have security and privacy issues, and the wearable device-based methods are illogical in the earlier applications. To build such systems, one must have a strong foundation and current research in pose estimation. In this paper, first, the impact of Yoga on humans with various stress levels is analysed on the real-time data. Second, the comprehensive review of yoga posture recognition systems from machine learning to deep learning strategies and evaluation metrics discussed
The Role of Probability Distributions in Establishing Acceptance Sampling Plans and Quality Control Charts
Authors: Fahad Sameer Alshammari Galal Abdulqader Ahmed Alashaari,
Published: May 2021

This paper aims at identifying the probability distributions used in controlling the quality of products of industrial companies by examining the degree of the probability distributions' efficient in strengthen the control process that, consequently, would lead companies to cope with the new technologies to overcome the difficulties and problems they counter in controlling the quality of their products. This study used discrete and continuous probability distributions and explained how they can be used in acceptance inspection plans and quality control charts by examining the inputs and outputs of the production process and the production process itself. The results of this study indicated to the use of probability distributions maintains continuous improvement in quality and checks for convergence between inputs and outputs. In addition, the use of probability distributions enhances the efficiency and effectiveness of quality control. The results of this study are of importance to managements in the manufactured companies concerning the significance of using probability distributions to control the quality of products at all stages of production. Moreover, the establishment of periodical training programs specialized in quality control, with a focus on the use of probability distributions.
Efficiency of Using the Diffie-Hellman Key in Cryptography for Internet Security
Authors: Anas Aljarah Ghaith Alomari,
Published: May 2021

The businesses generate an “intranet” to hang about connected to the internet but secured from possible threats. Data integrity is quite a issue in security and  to preserve that integrity we tends to develop as to provides the better encryption processes for security. In this work  we will make a  encryption harder with enhanced public key encryption protocol for the  security and we will talk about the applications for proposed work. We will enhance the hardness in security by humanizing the Diffie-Hellman encryption algorithm by making changes or adding some more security codes in up to date algorithm. Network security has become more important to not public computer users, organizations,  and the military.With the start of the internet, security became a major disquiet and the history of security allows a better understanding of the emergence of security technology. The  internet structure itself allowed for many security threats  to  occur.When the architecture of the internet is modified it can decrease the possible attacks that can be sent across the network. Knowing the attack methods, allows  for  the suitable security to  appear. By means of the firewalls and encryption   mechanisms  many businesses protected themselves from the internet.The firms crank out an “internet" to hold around connected into this world wide web but procured from potential dangers. Data ethics is a significant dilemma in protection and also to conserve integrity we all are inclined to grow concerning furnishes exactly the encryption procedures such as the security. Inside this job we'll earn a encryption tougher using improved general security protocol to your own stability and we're going to discuss the software for projected work. We'll improve the hardness of stability by humanizing that the Diffie Hellman encryption algorithm by generating alterations or including a few far more stability codes up to date algorithm. Network safety has gotten more very important to perhaps not people users, associations, and also the army. With all the beginning of internet, stability turned into a significant vexation along with the foundation of safety makes it possible for a superior comprehension of the development of technology. Even the online arrangement itself enabled for most security dangers that occurs. After the structure of this world wide web is altered it could diminish the probable strikes which may be transmitted from the other side of the community. Recognizing the assault procedures, permits the acceptable stability to arise. With this firewalls and security mechanics many companies shielded themselves out of the world wide web.
A Novel Approach of Ensemble Learning with Feature Reduction for Classification of Binary and Multiclass IoT Data
Authors: Et al. Mr. Vijay M. Khadse
Published: May 2021

The number of network and sensor-enabled devices in the Internet of Things (IoT) domains is growing extremely, leading to a huge production of data. These data contain important information which can be used in various areas, such as science, industry, medical, and even social life. To make the IoT system smart, the only solution is entering the world of machine learning. Many machine learning algorithms are introduced for handling such a huge amount of IoT data. It is very difficult to find the best-suited algorithm for problems in the IoT domain. This study combined three ensemble models and proposed a new model termed the “hybrid model”. A set of features are extracted from the raw IoT datasets from diverse IoT domains, using Principal component analysis (PCA), Linear discriminant analysis (LDA), and Isomap for classification problems. Performance comparison of the classifiers is provided in terms of their accuracy, area under the curve (AUC), and F1 score. This comparative study’s experimental result  shows that Hybrid with PCA and Stacking ensemble technique in particular with PCA have better overall performance than other ensemble techniques for binary class and multie class datasets respectively
Online Multi-Layers Social Distance Detection in Iraqi Schools
Authors: Rafah K. Hussain Abdulhakeem Q. Albayati, Farah F. Alkhalid,
Published: May 2021

In the circumstance of the COVID-19 pandemic, Prevention is better than cure, especially if the cure is not available, the first motto that all health organizations recommend is keep distances between people to prevent epidemic spread. In this paper, an online multi layers social distance detection system is proposed, the main idea is to detect distance among pupils and classify the distance to accept or not, this system treats stream video of fixed camera which monitor the whole school yard where the pupils are available, this proposed system used multi layers, the first is to make person detection using Yolo-4 approach including CNN model, and surround it by rectangle, the second is to specify the center of detected person, finally, calculate the relative distance to decide if it is accepted or not, this system works online and give high accuracy.
Risk Analysis in Software Cost Estimation: A Simulation-Based Approach
Authors: Ruchi Mittal Vikram Singh, Varun Malik,
Published: May 2021

Risk analysis and cost estimation are two important aspects of project planning that can either make the way or break the way to a project’s success. At the same, both these tasks are difficult and painstaking, but whether someone likes it and not, the project’s success depends heavily on them. As documented by Fredric Brooks Junior in his legendry book “The Mythical Man-Month,” planning, scheduling, and estimation have been central to software engineering since its early days in the 1970s. Present communication presents a simulation-based approach to estimate the costing schedule of a software development project. The results show that simulation is expedient as well as efficient in terms of time, effort, and cost requirement and provides pragmatic results.
Emotional Intelligence and Autonomous Learning in Student Cyberbullying in Times of Covid-19
Authors: Edward Flores Marlene Domitila Loayza Claudio,
Published: May 2021

The research entitled: "Emotional intelligence and autonomous learning in cyberbullying of students of the Educational Institution" Francisco Bolognesi ", 2020", aimed to determine the incidence of emotional intelligence and autonomous learning in cyberbullying, and responds to the problem institutional educational. The study is explanatory, obeys a quantitative approach and a non-experimental, causal correlational, cross-sectional design; with a sample comprised of 99 students, to whom questionnaires were applied to collect data on each of the variables. After the analysis and interpretation of the results, the following conclusion was reached: Emotional intelligence and autonomous learning had a significant impact on cyberbullying of the students of the “Francisco Bolognesi” Educational Institution in Villa el Salvador; having obtained a result in the linear logistic regression test p-value = 0.000.
Analysis of the Dependence of the Cryptocurrency Rate on Updates in the Technical Part of the Mining Process
Authors: Shokhsanam Shirinova Jasur Ataniyazov,
Published: May 2021

Monetary policy bodies in almost all countries of the world, regardless of the level of development of the economy and financial market, were not ready for the emergence and rapid development of digital currencies and, in particular, for their virtual variety - cryptocurrency.The development of technology constantly brings something new into our life, sometimes completely incomprehensible and unpredictable. An example of such a phenomenon is cryptocurrency. Many studies aimed at finding the exact factors on which the rate of cryptocurrencies may depend have not shown significant results. This study is aimed at finding the dependence of the cryptocurrency exchange rate on updates in the technical aspect of the cryptocurrency mining process.
Application of D-STATCOM for Harmonic Reduction using Power Balance Theory
Authors: Rishi Kumar Singh Mohd. Navaid Ansari,
Published: May 2021

In modern power systems due to prolific use of non-linear devices harmonics are present in the distribution system. To reduce the harmonics and source neutral current D-FACT along with a star-delta transformer and Power Filter is proposed in shunt. In this article, the three phase load has been taken from NTS Industries, which deals with FMCG products. This system includes 3 phase 3 wire system having industrial load such as mixer grinder, pulverizer, packaging machine, etc. A star-delta transformer along with three leg voltage source inverter and a capacitor used to filter out harmonics present in supply current. Power balance theory is used to control the D-FACT. A MATLAB Simulink model was created and the results were discussed.
Analysis and Design of Deep Learning Algorithms for Retinal Image Classification for Early Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy
Authors: Dr. Reema Ajmera Amita Meshram, Dr. Deepak Dembla,
Published: May 2021

This paper presents a far reaching survey of the standard and use of deep learning in retinal image investigation. Many eye ailments regularly lead to visual impairment without legitimate clinical determination and clinical treatment. For instance, diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one such illness in which the retinal veins of natural eyes are harmed. The ophthalmologists analyze DR dependent on their expert information that is work escalated. With the advances in image preparing and man-made reasoning, Personal Computer vision-based methods have been applied quickly and broadly in the field of clinical images investigation. The important deep learning algorithms such as CNN Convolution Neural Network, ConvNet based algorithm, LCD net and Deep CNN, their working and main features of some of these standard  Deep Learning algorithm are analyzed in detailed. Proposed algorithm will become more reliable accurate by introducing new features as well as better quality input by using advance algorithm of image processing.
Anti-Corruption Education at Universitas Negeri Semarang: What Benefits Can Students Get?
Authors: Handoyo Eko
Published: May 2021

Corruption is the main problem faced by countries in the world. Corruption is considered an extraordinary crime; therefore, eradicating it also requires extraordinary action. Education is one way to reduce the potential for Corruption. This paper will discuss implementing anti-corruption education courses at the Universitas Negeri Semarang and the benefits of the Anti-Corruption Education (PAK) course for students. To achieve it, the research methods applied are quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. While qualitative data were analyzed using qualitative analysis. The results showed that implementing anti-corruption education courses, starting from lesson planning, implementation to learning evaluation, had gone well. Students taking part in the lectures feel that there are benefits, including increased knowledge of anti-corruption and a commitment not to corrupt in either life inside the campus or outside the campus.
Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Analysis and Design to Provide Customer Service in The Culinary Field (Case Study Restaurant XYZ)
Authors: Sfenrianto Lorio  Purnomo,
Published: May 2021

There has been a lot of discussion regarding Customer Relationship Management (CRM) in recent years, where the CRM function to provide customer service in the culinary field has been widely applied by culinary business entrepreneurs. Restaurant XYZ, which started the culinary business in 2018, will design a CRM system to improve service to its customers, this is because it has not been optimal in the process of providing services to its customers. Before doing the design, an analysis phase is needed which is carried out using the Fishbone Method, this method is expected to help in analyzing the constraints and needs of the Restaurant XYZ in the best CRM design. The design using the Diagram Unified Modeling Language (UML) and User Centered Design (UCD) approach, is expected to create a CRM system as expected by the owner of Restaurant XYZ. The CRM that has been planned is expected to help the owner in providing services to Restaurant XYZ customers.
Assessment of the Seismic Hazards of the Marikina Valley Fault from 2019 Mw 6.1 Castillejos Earthquake and Historical Events
Authors: Yang Ying-Hui , Tsai Min-Chien , Hu Jyr-Ching , Chen Qiang , Aurelio Mario , Xu Qian , Jiang Ziqin , Xu Lang , Yang Chao , Li Lin
Published: May 2021

The 2019 Mw 6.1 Castillejos earthquake occurred in the Zambales range of the central Luzon Island in Philippines. No active fault was reported around the seismogenic zone according to previous investigations. This earthquake draws attention for assessment in seismic risk along the Marikina Valley fault system (MVFS) near the Manila dense metropolitan population. The Coulomb failure stress (CFS) change on the MVFS is estimated by the coseismic faulting model derived from the inversion of coseismic deformation field observed from the Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar using both the Advanced Land Observing Satellite-2 and Sentinel-1 Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images. The predicted CFS change is less than 0.5 kPa that implies insignificant Coulomb stress accumulation on the MVFS after the Mw 6.1 Castillejos event. However, the recorded 14 moderate and strong earthquakes in and around the Luzon islands caused significant CFS drop on the MVFS. This might delay the occurrence of the earthquake for 0.2–50 yr on the MVFS.
Beliefs about school mathematics vs. university mathematics and beliefs about teaching and learning in different contexts of students’ achievement
Authors: Safrudiannur Safrudiannur , Labulan P.M. , Suriaty Suriaty , Rott Benjamin
Published: May 2021

[English]: This quantitative study with n = 206 participants (mathematics pre-service teachers from Indonesia) investigates the effect of two factors on pre-service teachers’ beliefs: (1) contexts related to students’ achievement as well as (2) the differences between school mathematics and university mathematics. The results of this quantitative study show that the participants (1) have different beliefs about teaching and learning of mathematics in different contexts of students’ achievement (a class dominated by high-achieving students vs. a class dominated by low-achieving students) and (2) have different beliefs about school mathematics and university mathematics. Interestingly, compared to their beliefs about school mathematics, the pre-service teachers’ beliefs about university mathematics correlate better with their beliefs about teaching and learning in different contexts of students’ achievement. The implication of the better correlations for the pre-service teacher education are further discussed.
[Bahasa]: Penelitian kuantitatif dengan 206 calon guru matematika ini bertujuan untuk menginvestigasi efek dari dua faktor yang mempengaruhi keyakinan para calon guru: (1) konteks yang berhubungan dengan capaian siswa dan (2) perbedaan karakteristik antara matematika sekolah dan matematika universitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa para calon guru tersebut (1) memiliki keyakinan yang berbeda tentang bagaimana mengajar dan belajar matematika di dalam konteks yang berbeda, yaitu antara kelas yang didominasi oleh siswa-siswa capaian tinggi dan kelas yang didominasi oleh siswa-siswa capaian rendah, dan (2) memiliki keyakinan yang berbeda antara matematika sekolah dan matematika universitas. Menariknya, jika dibandingkan dengan keyakinan tentang matematika sekolah, keyakinan para calon guru tentang matematika universitas ternyata lebih baik korelasinya terhadap keyakinan mereka tentang bagaimana mengajar dan belajar di dua konteks kelas tersebut. Selanjutnya, artikel ini akan mendiskusikan implikasi dari korelasi yang lebih baik tersebut terhadap pendidikan para calon guru matematika.
The Safety and Toxicity of Phage Therapy: A Review of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Studies
Authors: Liu Dan , Van Belleghem Jonas D , de Vries Christiaan Robert , Burgener Elizabeth , Chen Qingquan , Manasherob Robert , Aronson Jenny Ruth , Amanatullah Derek Fakhredean , Tamma Pranita , Suh Gina Ann
Published: May 2021

Increasing rates of infection by antibiotic resistant bacteria have led to a resurgence of interest in bacteriophage (phage) therapy. Several phage therapy studies in animals and humans have been completed over the last two decades. We conducted a systematic review of safety and toxicity data associated with phage therapy in both animals and humans reported in English-language publications from 2008 – 2021. Overall, 69 publications met our eligibility criteria including 20 animal studies, 35 clinical case reports or case series, and 14 clinical trials. After summarizing safety and toxicity data from these publications, we discuss potential approaches to optimizing safety and toxicity monitoring with the therapeutic use of phage moving forward. In our systematic review of the literature, we found few, but no serious, adverse events associated with phage therapy. Comprehensive and standardized reporting of potential toxicities associated with phage therapy has generally been lacking in the published literature. Structured safety and tolerability endpoints are necessary when phages are administered as anti-infective therapeutics.