bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Method of Mix Design for Hot Recycled Asphalt Mixtures
Authors: Ye Gang
Published: July 2014

Hot recycled asphalt mixtures are used more widely in road construction and reconstruction at present. The recycle of asphalts can reuse the waste asphalts and bring economic benefits. Meanwhile it can protect the environment and save the energy. The mix design is an important step for regeneration of the old asphalts. And it is critical to the performance of hot recycled asphalt mixtures. This paper illustrates the mechanism of hot recycling of asphalts and proposes a simple and useful method of mix design for hot recycled asphalt mixtures. In the process, the performances and grading of reclaimed materials were evaluated. And the composition of raw materials with different contents were tested for selection of the best mix. The results show that the method is feasible by practise.
Analysing the Micro Structure of Sea Sand Concrete
Authors: Sun Wu , Jiang Yi , Liu Jun Zhe
Published: July 2014

The microstructure of sea sand concrete wes characterized by the Accelerated Surface Area and Porosimetry System (ASAPS) to detect the concrete micro-prorous structure distribution, the Tabletop Scanning Electron Micro-scope (TSEM) to analysis the sea sand concrete internal microstructure, as well as the X-Ray Diffractometer (XRD) and the Thermal gravimetric/Differemtial Thermal Anylyzer (TG/DTA) to observe the composition of concrete in this paper. The influence on hydration processes of concrete caused by sea sand was reseached from four aspects which are the influences of fly ash on concrete, chlorine salts on sea sand concrete, chlorine salt on fly ash added sea sand concrete and desalination sea sand and not desalination sea sand concrete micro structure features to evaluate the effect of sea sand on regular sea sand concrete and fly ash added sea sand concrete micro structure features and chemical composition.
Development of Ultra-Rapid Setting Construction Materials for Extremely Cold Regions Using Magnesia-Phosphate Cement
Authors: Cho Hyun Woo , Shin Hyun Seop , Lee Jang Hwa
Published: July 2014

Because ordinary concrete cannot be hardened well under sub-zero temperatures, anti-freeze agents are typically added to prevent the frost damage and to ensure the proper hardening of concrete. With the advantage of a rapid exothermic reaction property, jet set concrete may be used as a cold weather concrete because it can reach the required strength before being damaged by cold weather. Recent studies are reported that magnesia-phosphate cement can be hardened very quickly and hydrated even in low temperature, which can be used as an alternative of severe cold weather concrete in arctic regions. This study developed the magnesia-phosphate cement that can be used in severe cold regions and suggested an appropriate mixture design from the experimental results.
Mechanical Effect Study on Modified Rubber Particles Cement Mortar and Mechanism Analysis
Authors: Dong Su Fen
Published: July 2014

Interface bonding is the key technical problems of waste rubber in engineering application. Studies show that, with the increase of unmodified rubber particles dosage, the cement mortar 28 d compressive and flexural strength significantly reduce; when NaOH modified rubber particle content is less than or equal to 5%, it can reduce the compressive flexural strength reduction; The PVA modified rubber particles had no beneficial effect on the strength; rubber particles modified by silane coupling agent KH560, can greatly improve the rubber cement mortar 28 d compressive and flexural strength; the modifier mechanism is studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
Research of Architectural Art and Environment Design of South Anhui's Ancient Residence
Authors: Guo Li Qun , Guo Yan Qun , Zeng Xi
Published: July 2014

South Anhui's Ancient Residence has the unique aesthetic value and the humanities ecosystem and characteristics on modeling, decoration, or environmental design, overall planning, This paper mainly discusses the artistic old local-style dwelling houses building design features with the environment from modeling combination of aesthetic and function, building inside and outside decoration on the cultural features, the unique aesthetic temperament and interest, the environment design of "nature and humanity" and garden artistic conception emotional appeal.
The Influence of Pore Structure on the Waterproof Performance of Polymer Modified Mortar
Authors: Ma Dao Xun , Liu Yan , Lai Yong
Published: July 2014

This paper tested the pore structure, capillary water absorption and impermeability of cement mortars modified with three polymers respectively, establishing the relationship between the pore structure and waterproof performance. The results show that with the polymer dosage growing, especially as the polymer/cement ratio (mp/mc) increases from 0% to 5%, the reduction in the capillary water absorption and the penetration depth of water into mortar is significant. In themp/mcrange of 0%~20% the open porosity presents a gradual decrease trend. The capillary water absorption and the penetration depth of water into mortar show linear growth and exponential growth respectively with the open porosity increasing.
A Comparative Study of the Shear Strength Prediction for Reinforced Concrete Beams without Shear Reinforcement
Authors: Trautwein Leandro Mouta , de Almeida Luiz Carlos , Gaspar Ricardo
Published: July 2014

This paper focuses on the assessment of the shear strength prediction established in the brazilian concrete code, NBR6118/2007[1], for reinforced concrete beams without web reinforcement. The values obtained by using the brazilian code equation are compared with a significant number of available experimental data and with those predicted by the expressions of other national and international codes, such as CEB-FIP MC90[2] and ACI-318/11[3]. The brazilian concrete code regarding shear capacity of reinforced concrete elements are explicitly assumed to be valid only for concrete strengths up to 50 MPa. It is shown that the code equation may be unconservative in a large number of cases. This discrepancy increases with increasing concrete strength, decreasing longitudinal reinforcement ratio and increasing beam depth.
Analysis Cell Deformation of Undersize Log of Northeast Larch
Authors: He Lin , Yuan Jian , Fan Feng
Published: July 2014

As the potential of using natural log is explored in the temporary structure, especially in template as the shores, it is important to gain further understanding of the microstructure and properties of cells such as undersize tree of Northeast larch that under macro buckling load. The research described in this paper focuses, for the first time, after the initial preparation by microtoming, on investigating the microstructure of log by analyzing of the ESEM images, and a model for deformation and failure mechanism of the cell had been proposed, then, the properties of cells were calculated through image software. Results show that the cells including early wood and late wood under without extra load are regularly arrayed, the deformation of the wall was induced by asymmetric out of plane twisting and splitting due to buckling of the logs, failure of the early wood cell is easily than late wood that following the large deformation occurs at plasticity, and two properties including late wood percentage and cell wall percentage has a direct proportion with the strength of log. The presented results indicate that it is improve to understand and analyze the failure process of cell when the log under concrete compression loading, and the reason that log as sustainable material is due to the unbroken cell clusters recover themselves as quickly as possible during at a certain enough time.
Analysis on Bearing Capacity of Concrete-Filled Tubular CFRP-Steel Stub Column under Axle Compression
Authors: Zhou Rong , Zhao Jun Hai , Wei Xue Ying
Published: July 2014

New progress of research and applications of CFRP at home and abroad are introduced in this paper. The circular concrete-filled tubular CFRP-steel stub column under axial loads is studied based on the unified strength theory in the paper. The effect of intermediate principal stress on the ultimate strength for the concrete-filled tubular CFRP-steel stub column have been investigated. The ultimate load calculation formula for the concrete-filled tubular CFRP-steel stub column is derived in this paper, and can be simplified for cases without CFRP. Compared with the solution obtained in this paper and the experimental results, the good agreement can be found. The effects of the intermediate shear stress, the cross-section deformation ratio and also the inner friction angle of the concrete are all considered in the theory analysis. The analysis result further tests the applicability of the unified strength theory in the field of concrete-filled CFRP-steel tube. It has an important theory value for engineering application.
Determination of Tensile Creep and Stress Relaxation of Concrete by Ring Test
Authors: Li Si Chen , Yao Ting , Wang Yu Jiang , Li Hua , Cheng Jun , Li Lei , Tian Qian
Published: July 2014

The understanding of stress relaxation and tensile creep behavior is extremely important in accurate stress analysis and crack prediction of early-age concrete. The free shrinkage deformations of concrete with different strength grade were examined. The early-age tensile elastic modulus of concrete was investigated through temperature-stress testing machine. The tensile creep and shrinkage stress were obtained through the modified restrained ring test. The results indicate that the development of free shrinkage coordinates well with the inner strain of steel ring. Tensile creep decreases as water-binder ratio increases. Creep counteracts tensile stress of concrete by 28%~40% , decreases the possibility of cracking of concrete at early ages.
Erosion Phases in Two Types of Cement Pastes Containing Limestone Exposed to Sulfate Attack
Authors: Zhang Feng Chen , Zhao Yun , Zhu Fu Wan
Published: July 2014

Limestone filler and aggregates are used widely in cement production and concrete mixing nowadays, which could be connected with thaumasite formation, and lead to a lack of durability further. This work deals with the sulfate minerals including of thaumasite, ettringite and gypsum in two types of cement pastes containing 35% w/w limestone powder immersed in MgSO4 solution at 5°C±2°C for 15 weeks by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD). Two types of cements were used: (i) ordinary Portland cement (P·O), (ii) typeII Portland cement (P·II). Test results show that thaumasite is present in two types of cement pastes, amount of thaumasite as well as amount of portlandite reacted with external SO42- in P·II cement paste are more than those in P·O cement paste. It indicates that P·II cement is more susceptible to thaumasite formation than P·O cement containing the same amount of limestone powder, and more gypsum formation could contribute to thaumasite formation possibly during the external MgSO4 attack at low temperature.
Experimental Study on Manufacturing Environmental Protection Baking Free Brick of Waste Concrete
Authors: Li Peng Fei , Zheng Xian Chun , Ji Ling Feng
Published: July 2014

This paper test the strength intensity,water absorption property of 10 baking—free bricks using the matrix cementing component in waster concrete as the material,studies the effect of m~ing ratio and maintenance time on pmpe~y to get the best mKing ratio of this kind of brick.It also analyzes the intension resources of this brick.
Experimental Study on Slaking Deformation of the Remolded Laterite
Authors: Liu Xiao Wen , Chen Xiao Yan
Published: July 2014

Through lots of triaxial and a single-line wetting path experiments for slaking deformation of the remolded laterite , behaviors of stress-strain and volumetric strain-axial strain are studied at different level values of wetting stress.The test results indicate that the modulus of deformation and the strength of samples are reduced by wetting, that the value of wetting deformation is relation to the stress state and that the logarithmic relationship between wetting axial strain of the type of laterite and wetting stress levels meets . The test results obtained have an important reference value for actual projects in Jiangxi laterite area.
Influence of Hot Asphalt Concrete Preparation Technology on its Strength
Authors: Bashkarev Albert Y. , Bespalova Natalia N. , Rajczyk Jarosław
Published: July 2014

Asphaltic concrete is a composite material in which its mineral components: gravel, quartz sand and mineral powder is coupled by using bitumen. The experimentally determined that the quality of adhesion depends on the temperature at which all components had been mixing of hot asphalt mixes. However, the influence heating time remains unexplored. In this work the strength of compound was investigated on the samples of granite glued with using bitumen in a large range of temperature and time. It has been found that at a temperature of 140 degrees the strength increases significantly with time, but then starts to decline. The authors argue that the process of formation and destruction of adhesive compound bitumen and minerals can be described by the thermofluctuational theory of strength. Bitumen molecules on the boundary surface of the mineral become in a compressed state. The thickness of this layer can achieve 100 µm. The durability of road surfaces and the bond strength of all components asphalt concrete depends from quality of this indicator. Researches were conducted of the influence of the same temperature and time on the mechanical properties of the bitumen, but don’t found significant changes.
Study of Adhesion of Wood Modified with Amine-Borates
Authors: Stepina Irina Vasil'evna , Sidorov Vyacheslav Ivanovich
Published: July 2014

Modification of wood surface with compositions produced on the base of boric acid esters of amin-alcohols increases its polarity, decreases specific surface area and reduces water absorption of wood twice. This improves wettability of water surface and increases adhesion strength of paint coating which is the result of intermolecular forces of interaction. The latter provides increases service life of paint coating.
The Influence of Sand Ratio on Concrete Performance in the Case of Fixed Powder Paste
Authors: He Jia Yin , Li Gu Hua
Published: July 2014

In the case of fixed powder paste, changes in the sand ratio have an impact on the workability of concrete. According to Mehta and Aitcin’s ideas for the preparation of HPC, regard the powder as cementing material and the powder paste as cementing material paste. Investigate the influence of sand ratio on concrete performance when the powder paste reaches the fixed number 350L, the concrete optimum performance. When the sand ratio is 37%~41%, in the case of causing minimal impact on the strength, you can get optimum workability of concrete.
Evaluation of Compressive and Shear Strength Characteristics in High Volume Fly Ash Concrete
Authors: Yoo Sung Won , Jung Sang Hwa , Kwon Seung Jun
Published: July 2014

HVFAC (High Volume Fly Ash Concrete) is an attractive construction material with cost benefit and reduced CO2emission. In this paper engineering properties such as compressive and shear strength are evaluated and their characteristics are investigated. For this work HVFAC with FA (Fly Ash) replacement ratio of 35% and 50% are prepared and strength (compressive, shear, and bond) are measured with basic parameters like elasticity and ultimate strain. Test results are compared with conventional predictions from Korea Structural Code and their applicabilities are evaluated. In bond strength and elasticity in HVFAC are evaluated to need reasonable coefficients for HVFAC design.
Experimental Research on the Stress - Strain Curve of Regional Confined Concrete under Single Axial Press
Authors: Zhu Guo Liang
Published: July 2014

Regional confined concrete is base on confined concrete. It is the theory and application of a new attempt and development on confined concrete. To apply it to the actual project, we need to research mechanical properties and establish constitutive relationship of regional confined concrete. According to the research, we had carried on a series of tests, founded the stress-strain constitutive model of regional confined concrete under single axial press. The accuracy of theoretical analysis were more fully verified , and a theoretical basis for the application was provided.
Study of the Freeze-Thaw Damage Constitutive Model of Concrete Based on WEIBULL’s Strength Theory
Authors: Guan Xiao , Niu Di Tao , Wang Jia Bin , Wang Yan
Published: July 2014

Statistical methods was combined with micromechanics. Based on the parallel bar system, the damage law of the concrete materials subjected to uniaxial compressive stress was simulated. Furthermore, the meso-statistical damage constitutive of concrete materials was studied base on the Weibull’s statistical theory of the strength of materials. While according to constitutive uniaxial compression test of concrete material after freezing and thawing, the parametersmand ε0of the model were fitted. Then the freeze-thaw damage constitutive equation of concrete was proposed base on meso-statistical damage mechanics. Finally, the experimental results was compared with theoretical models, and the rationality of the theoretical model was verified.
Study on Effect of Aluminum Powder in CA (Cement Asphalt) Mortar
Authors: Zhou Ling
Published: July 2014

CA mortar is using the domestic with river sand as aggregate currently in China, we use sand to replace river sand as fine aggregate in CA mortar. The main purpose is test the influence of dosage on aluminum in the CA mortar. Experiments show that dosage should be the best aluminum from 0.01% to 0.015 %.
Ultra-Low Cement Dosage Hill Sand Concrete’s Electric Flux and Carbonization Performance Study
Authors: Hu Wei Wei , Xu Li Bin , Dong Yi , Nie Xiao Peng
Published: July 2014

Concrete durability is closely related to the national economy and social stability, environmental protection, sustainable development is a major research topic concrete materials science, engineering and technological problems are a major concern. This paper studies resistance to chloride Ion penetration performance and anti-carbonation of low cement concrete sand hill. And combined with the test results analysis and discussion the low dosage of cement to sand concrete electric flux and the influence of carbonization resistance.
Mechanical Properties Analysis of Super Early-Strength Composite Fiber Concrete after High Temperature
Authors: Sun Chang Zheng , Wu Rui Xiao , Zhao Hai Nan
Published: July 2014

Experimental method is applied to analysis the mechanical properties of super early-strength composite fiber concrete on high temperature. Specimen are heated to in the stove at different temperatures for 30 Minutes, then the axial compressive strength can be measured. The experimental results showed that: the high temperature mechanical properties of materials decreased significantly; compared to ordinary concrete specimen, the mechanical properties of super early-strength composite fiber concrete decline slower.
Influences of Limestone Aggregates on Concrete Strength in Pipe Piles Production
Authors: Jiang Yuan Hai
Published: July 2014

Taking the limestone and siliceous rocks as coarse aggregates to mix concrete,through normal pressure steam curing and autoclave curing,the concrete compressive strength after demould and compressive strength after autoclave curing are tested.The results indicate that the concrete compressive strength increases obviously after normal pressure steam curing when taking the limestone and granite as coarse aggregates,and the strength increasing laws are basically in accordance.However,the concrete compressive strength is great different after autoclave curing when taking the limestone and granite as coarse aggregates,the concrete strength increases lower with limestone as coarse aggregate,but the concrete strength increases higher with siliceous rocks as coarse aggregate.
Influence of the Geometrical Values of Hollowness on the Physicotechnical Characteristics of the Concrete Vibropressed Wall Stones
Authors: Vatin Nikolay I. , Pestryakov Igor I. , Kiski Svetlana S. , Teplova Zhanna S.
Published: July 2014

In this research article advantages and disadvantages of hollow wall stones (SKTs) were considered, which now are widespread at frame and monolithic construction. Also results of laboratory researches are presented in the article. Definition technique of three physicomechanical characteristics is visually shown: thermal conductivity, sound eliminate, vapor permeability. Separate sambles and fragments of stone layings were made specially for carrying out experiment. Two types of wall stones were compared: with slot-hole and rectangular emptiness. Emptiness differ geometrical parameters therefore they substantially define physicomechanical characteristics.
Preparation Experiment and Engineering Application of High Performance Concrete of Freezing Shaft in Deep Alluvium
Authors: Yao Zhi Shu , Xu Zhen , Song Hai Qing
Published: July 2014

According to the special construction environment and curing conditions of the freezing shaft inner and outer shaft lining in deep alluvium, first,configuration principle of high strength high performance concrete of freezing shaft in deep alluvium is proposed; Then raw materials are selected according to the preparation approach, and preparation experimental study of high strength high performance concrete is conducted with C60, C65, C70and C75 , and the optimum mixture ratio is obtained, and applied to the engineering practice, achieving remarkable effect.
Progress in Electrodeposition of Composite Materials
Authors: Kan Hong Min , Zhang Ning , Wang Xiao Yang , Yang Su Juan
Published: July 2014

Electrochemical or electro co-deposition techniques have been used to deposit particles in metallic matrices to prepare composite coatings. The properties of the composite material can be improved by varying the type, size, amount and distribution of the incorporated particles. The effect factors of particles content in the coating were are presented in this review. The main focus is on the effect of surfactant, electrodeposition technology, zeta Potential and particles concentration in the bath on the content and distribution of co-deposited particles in the metal matrix.
Study on the Load-Bearing Microcellular Foam Concrete and the New Process of its Product
Authors: Wang Hong Zhen
Published: July 2014

In this paper, through the test to determine the blast furnace slag lightweight aggregate, cement as cementitious material, with various additives for the performance adjustment material, high strength lightweight material made of best fit of porous concrete material ratio, studied influence of raw materials on the performance of each group and production technology of its building load-bearing products .
Particle Size Distribution of Sandstone Aggregate Influence on Recycled Aggregate Concrete Properties
Authors: Zhou Li Jun , Sun Fang Ning , Zhao Qing Hong
Published: July 2014

Typically, the selection of large aggregate particle size is mainly determined by the thickness of structures and the thickness of protective layer. The greater the aggregate diameter is, the smaller the specific surface is, and the smaller coating materials demand will be without specific requirements. It will affect the concrete flowability directly if there are too much big size of aggregates or the particle size is too big for forming a certain stable packing skeleton structure. The strength of the large diameter recycled self-compacting rock-fill concrete is low so that the primary cause of its failure mechanism is bond failure and bond slip in aggregate. Shear failure in aggregate is not easy to happen due to the strength of the aggregate is too low. For this reason, we put forward the general selection requirements for large diameter aggregate.
The Strength and Microstructure of High Content FGD Gypsum-Fly Ash-Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag Composite Binder
Authors: Ni Kun , Zhong Shi Yun , Shi Yun Xing , Zhang Yan Gang
Published: July 2014

In this paper, FGD gypsum mixed with fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) was used as a composite binder. The strength experiments of range analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that the optimal proportion of FGD gypsum, FA and GGBFS was 6:3:4. The study of microstructure of hardened paste proved that the hydration product was mainly C-S-H gels and ettringite, and some ettringite crystals grew from C-S-H gels.
Penetration Resistance to Chloride Ions of Silica Fume Concrete
Authors: Li Yun Feng , Fan Xiao Peng , Gao Lei Wen , Li Ying Tao
Published: July 2014

The penetration resistance to chloride ions of concrete is one of the important factors affecting the durability of concrete structures. The penetration resistance to chloride ions of concrete is measured with the increasing substitution amount of silica fume in this paper. For the low water-binder ratio of 0.28, 0.30 and 0.32, compared with the reference concrete, with the increase of age, the penetration resistance to chloride ions of concrete can be enhanced with the increasing substitution amount of silica fume, but the increased range is smaller. The penetration resistance of chloride ions of concrete is not necessarily improved by gradually decreasing the water-binder ratio. Considering the substitution amount of silica fume, water-binder ratio and concrete age, the best mix proportions are that the substitution amount of silica fume is 9% or 12% when the water-binder ratio is 0.28 and the substitution amount of silica fume is 12% when the water-binder ratio is 0.30.
The Design Method of Tange Kenzo
Authors: Laga Tong
Published: July 2014

Tange Kenzo owns a significant position in the modern architecture field,not just in Japan, but also world-wide. Japan even divided the history of modern architecture into two parts: before and after Tange Kenzo, from where we can find out his prestige in Japanese architecture field. The first work from Tange Kenzo which attracted people’s attention is the one that won the first prize in Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park International Competition. After that, Tange Kenzo designed more projects at the national level, including the projects of Olympic games and World Expo. Among them the most famous project goes to design of Yoyogi National Gymnasium in host venue for Tokyo Olympic games in 1964. Yoyogi National Gymnasium is a mark proves that the level of architecture technology and design of Japan reached or even exceed the standard of advanced western country. Therefore Tange Kenzo was also known as ”World’s Tange”. This paper is trying to get more knowledge of the design method and reveal the design world by analyzing design works of this world-wide master of architecture - Tange Kenzo.
Research on Flame Retardant and Insulation of Plastic Alloys of PEEK/PEI/PES
Authors: Chen Jian Bing , Li Zhun Zhun , Wang Jiang Jie , Qian Jin Ming
Published: July 2014

The PEEK/PEI/PES plastic alloys were processed by twin-screw extruder at 370°C separately with five mass ratios of 70/30, 70/25/5, 65/30/5, 60/30/10. The flame retardant of plastic alloys were investigated by experiments, their results showed that, the oxygen index declines when PES was added, the oxygen index of plastic alloy with mass ratios of 70/30 is higher than that of pure PEEK or PES, lower than that of pure PEI, which the oxygen index is 37.1%. The volume resistivity plastic alloy with mass ratios of 60/30/10 is 3.72×1017Ω·cm, which is higher than that of pure PEEK and PES for two orders of magnitude, and the insulation performance of PEEK is improved significantly by alloying.
Experimental Study on the Compressive Strength of Nano-Concrete
Authors: Xie Bang Hua , Wang Chun Tao , Fu Min Fu , Li Yun Sheng
Published: July 2014

In order to investigate the effect of Nano-SiO2on the compressive strength of concrete, the paper studies the effect of different mixing ratios (0%~3%) on the compressive strength, and the effect of age on the compressive strength of nano-concrete. Research shows that the incorporation of Nano-SiO2increased the compressive strength of concrete: it increases slowly with the mixing ratio 0%~1%; the growth rate is declining when the mixing ratio is 1.5%~3%; the optimal mixing ratio is 1.0~1.5%, which can replace 3.33~10% of cement.
The Status and Chance of the Building Materials Industries in China's Urban Development
Authors: Wang Gang
Published: July 2014

New urbanization is an important feature of China's development. The development of urbanization has a far-reaching effect on the building materials industries. The development of the building materials industries is closely interrelated with all of the national economy, and it is obviously affected by macro economy and investment in the fixed assets. In the national economy, building materials industries is an important basic one, and plays an important role in the course of the industrialization and urbanization of our country. Urbanization needs to speed up the upgrade of the building materials industries transition, and come true the new Chinese-style industry. In the building materials industries, there are still many problems, such as Low-level competition, high pressure in eliminating the backward, and so on. The building materials industries provide an important material foundation to fixed assets investment of the urbanization.
Analysis on the Design of Construction Mix Ratio for Heat-Resistant Concrete
Authors: Xu Xing Wei
Published: July 2014

Combined with the heat-resistant concrete used for the construction of a company’s roaster, on the basis of preliminary preferred components for the concrete, with the design theory of ordinary concrete mix ratio, the design study of the mix ratio for C20 ~ C35 heat-resistant concrete was carried out. The study results showed that, the strength of the heat-resistant concrete formulated by the design theory of ordinary concrete mix ratio could meet the requirements, but the strength and water-cement ratio could not satisfy the linear equation. The study provided theoretical reference for the design of mix ratio for heat-resistant concrete.
Effect of Different Forms of CaO on the Properties of Cement-Based Materials Containing High Content of GGBFS
Authors: Li Hua , Liu Jia Ping , Tian Qian , Zhang Shou Zhi
Published: July 2014

The effects of different forms of CaO on performances of cementitious binders containing 50 wt. % GGBFS powder are studied using compressive strength testing, hydration heat and X-ray diffraction measuring, microstructure measuring, and deformation testing. Results show that, the use of analytical-grade CaO or calcined CaO expansive clinker produces a higher mechanical strength than analytical-grade Ca (OH)2for mortar samples. The mortar containing analytical-grade CaO or calcined CaO expansive clinker shows a strength increase higher than the reference before 14 days of curing, but a litter lower than the reference after 28 days. With the increase of curing age, the diffraction peaks of Ca (OH)2gradually weaken, while those of C-S-H and hydrotalcite gradually increase, contributing to a gradual increase in strength of GGBFS pastes. Compared to analytical-grade CaO, the expansive process of calcined CaO expansive clinker matches better to the deformation history of mortar containing large content of GGBFS. This work is of great significance to explore the potential use of different forms of CaO as an alternative activator for GGBFS.
Effects of a Hybrid Superplasticizer on the Enhancement of Chloride Resistance in Offshore Concrete
Authors: Kim Sang Chel , Lee Hyun Ho
Published: July 2014

The superplasticizer is very useful to reduce mixing water in fresh concrete, which results in the enhancement of watertightness and strength of hardened concrete. But it has a limit of not preventing steel bar embedded in concrete from corrosion under critical corrosive environments. Thus, this study aims at developing a nanohybrid agent chemically combining PCA admixture with anionic charge of clay. As results of concrete tests using general PCA superplasticizer and new one developed, it can be found that new plasticizer has higher performance in terms of time-dependent slump and air content loss, compressive strength, and anti-corrosion. It is expected for new superplasticizer, called the PCA-HT NHA, to be applicable to concrete under severe corrosive environments.
Application Research of C80 High-Performance Concrete for the Guangzhou East Tower
Authors: Dong Yi , Feng Nai Qian , Ye Hao Wen , Ling Hu Yan , Lin Li Xun , Xu Li Bin , Sun Hui
Published: July 2014

With the development of modern building design and construction technology, high strength concrete technology were getting more use in engineering and more requirements. The authors produced C80 HPC by using Portland cement, blast furnace slag, micro bead and Flyash as cementitious material, have prepared the concrete with grade of C80, low pumping resistance (rewinding time less than 6s), low shrink (72h early self-shrinkage value at 0.028%), high workability (slumps over 240mm and divergence over 700mm) and high durability (diffusion coefficient in concrete after 28d was 1.35×10-12 m2/s), which would match the requirements of the Guangzhou East Tower.
The Use of Traditional Courtyard Space in Architecture Design of the Tourist Resort: Take the Wu Yi Mountain Villa Hotel, Banyan Tree Li Jiang as Examples
Authors: Shi Ying , Zhuo Zhen Hua
Published: July 2014

The resort area located near the pastoral scenery district and lay more emphasis on the internal space of comfort and landscape than the urban hotel.The spatial patterns of courtyard as the center of the village,the courtyard space in the resort can create shared space in the resort ，which is different from the urban hotel.By analyzing the patterns of the courtyard space of traditional dwellings in the resort, combining with the courtyard layout of Wu Yi Mountain Villa Hotel and the banyan tree Li jiang , we discuss the important role of the courtyard space in architectural design of the resort.
Dynamic Mechanical Analysis of CRTS II Cement Asphalt Mortar
Authors: Zhang Hua Yang , Yuan Long Hua , Ren De Wei
Published: July 2014

Cement asphalt mortar (CA mortar) is one of key structures of slab ballastless high-speed railway. Cement and asphalt emulsion are the main two components of CA mortar, making it possess the viscoelastic properties of viscoelastic materials, which is one of the infancy of the current study. In this paper, DMA method was adopted to investigate the viscoelastic properties of CRTS II CA mortar. Viscoelastic properties of CA mortar at different temperatures were investigated and were compared with the numerical simulation results of Burgers model. The results of the simulation fit in well with the data from the experimental-scale column, so we can study the dynamic modulus of CA mortar using the Burgers model in the temperature range of CA mortar.
Performances Study and Accelerating Mechanism Analysis of New-Type Alkali-Free Efficient Liquid Setting Accelerator
Authors: Lu Tong Wei , Xiao Fei , Guo Lei , Gao Gui Bo
Published: July 2014

This paper introduces a new-type alkali-free and chlorine-free high performance liquid accelerated admixture. The accelerated agent is mainly composed of the following components: fluoride magnesium aluminum silicate is main accelerator, alcohol amine polymer is activator, and amide polymer is stabilizer. When dosage of the admixture is greater than 4%, the cement initial setting time is less than 5 min, the final setting time is less than 10 min, and the 28 day compressive strength ratio of mortar is more than 100%. The mechanism is the accelerating of agent on hydration of C3A and C3S. There are large hydration calcium flu silicate (11CaO·4SiO2·CaF2) and hydration calcium aluminates at the later stage of hydration.
Pore Structure Formation of Modified Cement Systems Hardening over the Temperature Range from +22°C to -10°C
Authors: Pashkevich Stanislav , Pustovgar Andrey , Adamtsevich Aleksey , Eremin Aleksey
Published: July 2014

The article presents the research results of modifying antifreeze influence on the pore structure formation of dry
mortars
in terms of adhesive and base layers of external thermal insulation composite systems within different temperature regimes of hardening.
Preparation of Novel Polyaniline and Phosphoric Acid Doped Sulfonated Polybenzimidazole Composite Membranes for Fuel Cells
Authors: Zhang Yong Ming , Zou Jing , Wang Lei , Chen Han , Si Jie
Published: July 2014

Polyaniline (PANI) and phosphoric acid (PA) doped sulfonated polybenzimidazole (SPBI) composite membrane was prepared for application in high-temperature proton exchange membrane (PEMFC) without the need of humidification. The synthesis and characterization of targed composite membrane were introduced in this paper.
A Preservation Research for the Historical Shop-House Renewal through Volume Control — Two Case Studies in Qishan Dist., Kaohsiung City
Authors: Song Hung Chi , Huang Long Sheng
Published: July 2014

The Baroque Style shop-houses has become a local architectural characteristics in Qi Shan district, Kaohsiung city, Taiwan today. However, the residents had carry out the building alterations styles themselves in unification to improve the living environment which mostly depend on their own needs to renew or reconstruction and resulting the derogation of historical features. Therefore, by way of “partially preserved and partially alterations” to conducted the landscaping preservation of shop-houses, while “historical landscape preservation line” and “mass control” as the two ways of research methods in simulated preservation and alterations of building. Look forward to the equilibrium of preservation historical landscaping for shop-houses and building alterations to consistent both needs of preservation and alterations. From two case studies on the traditional shop-house, in Qishan Dist, Kaohsiung city, Taiwan, we surveyed to understand what spaces the dwellers need, when they live in their traditional shop-houses for contemporary life. And we simulated renewal to work out the minimal preservation space by “volume control”. Results of this study showed that the house's length would affect the minimal preservation space, the shorter house is “the historical arcade”, and the longer house is “the historical arcade and the first atrium”.
Research of Processes of Improving Soil Properties Based on Complex Ash Cement Binder
Authors: Lazarev Yuriy , Sobko Gennadiy , Chakir Marina
Published: July 2014

This article is about the emergence of modern technologies and the organization of work using unfortified slag mixtures, developing effective and efficient environmental measures aimed at full utilization of the production of secondary products.
Retain of Fine Dispersed Basalt Fiber Reinforcement in Cement Matrix
Authors: Stupishin Leonid U. , Emelyanov Sergey G. , Boluzhitcev Dmitry , Masalov Aleksandr V. , Kuzmenko Aleksandr , Rodionov V.
Published: July 2014

Addition into the cement concrete fine dispersed basalt fiber allows to increase properties of fine concretes and high strength concretes. Widespread usage of this type of concrete reinforcement is limited by insufficient research of changes in the properties of basalt fiber in cement matrix. Research was made of basalt fiber comprised in cement matrix with the aid of optic and electronic microscope with magnification up to 10000. It is established a limited damage of structure of basalt fiber.
Study on Synthesis of In Situ Composite of Nano-TiO2 and Vinyl Acetate-Acrylate Emulsion
Authors: Wang Xiao Hui , Dong Li Min , Wang Ren Li , Ji Feng Qun
Published: July 2014

Nanometer titanium dioxide has not only small size effect, quantum dimension effect, surface and interface effects and macroscopic quantum tunnel effect, but also photocatalytic effect. Vac-acrylate emulsion is one of the important emulsion adhesive. It has good properties for coating, high cohesive strength, no pollution. It has the special functions with few nano-TiO2.In this paper, method of modification about nanometer TiO2was introduced via cellulose sodium. The modified nanometer titanium dioxide was added to the material of the preparation of acrylic emulsion including vinyl acetate, butyl acrylate, acrylic acid and methyl methacrylate to synthesize composite of nano-TiO2/vac-acrylic emulsion. According to the performance analysis of solid content of emulsion and stabilization, we can find that when the use level of dosage, emulsifier, nano-TiO2is 0.5%, 3.2%, 0.7%, and emulsion has the best combination property.
Synthesise of (4-Ethynyl-Phenyl)-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-Diazene, a Novel Intermediate of Azobenzene Liquid Crystal with High Birefrigence
Authors: Huo Xiao Ping , Xu Qi Pei , Miao Zong Cheng
Published: July 2014

In order to obtain an important azobenzene liquid crystal intermediate with phenylacetylene group, Sonogashira coupling reaction was used to preparation the compound. In this paper, the intermediate was synthesized by (4-Iodo-phenyl)-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-diazene and trimethyl silyl acetylene (TMSA) as raw materials, and then the trimethyl silyl group was removaled under the action of K2CO3. During the synthesis, the optimum reaction conditions were obtained, that the mol ratio of (4-Iodo-phenyl)-(4-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-diazene and trimethyl silyl acetylene was 1:2, the reaction temperature was 80 oC. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to measure the molecular structure of the target compound.
The Dependence of the Modulus of Elasticity on the Concentration of Plasticizer
Authors: Matseevich Tatyana , Popova Marina , Kondrashchenko Valerii , Askadskii Andrey
Published: July 2014

The influence of the chemical structure both of polymer and plasticizer on the elasticity modulus has been analyzed. Consideration was made of the situation when the plasticized polymer is in the glassy or rubbery state. Description of the glassy state is produced basing on equation [1-2] containing the elasticity coefficient of atom bonds, the characteristic size of the bonds, and Van-der-Waals volumes both of the repeating units of polymers and molecule of plasticizer. Analysis for the rubbery state is based on the classic rubber elasticity theory. As a result the universal relationships are provided for description of the influence of chemical structure both of polymer and plasticizer on the modulus of elasticity.
The Evaluation System on Green Concrete Construction Technology of Post-Disaster Reconstruction of Underground Engineering
Authors: Zhao Li
Published: July 2014

The article sums up post--disaster reconstruction of underground engineering. The post-disaster reconstruction of green concrete construction technology evaluation system was studie. Taking the underground engineering of administrative center of the Beichuan County as an example, the writer conducts a detailed analysis the post-disaster reconstruction underground engineering green concrete constution technology evaluation system research.
The Research of Hydrolysis Test of Silicone Water Repellent for Protecting Reinforced Concrete
Authors: Yang Zheng , Yuan Zong Yang , Sun Hong Yao , San Guo Liang , Shen Ming Xia
Published: July 2014

It is one of the measures of improving durability of concrete structure that apply silicone water repellent on concrete surface. The characteristic of silicone water repellent is to keep the respiratory function of concrete, not to change the original appearance of the concrete, have good hydrophobic performance and can resist to chloride ion penetration. This paper studies the hydrolysis of silicone water repellents solutions with different pH by measuring the electrical conductivity, pH value, and surface tension of the solution. The results show that silicone water repellent is hydrolyzing quickly very much. The hydrolysis time will extend with the increase of the concentration of silicone water repellent. By means of impregnating sand, rubble, cement pieces and calcium carbonate (CaCO3) powder with silicone water repellents, the water absorption at different temperature and humidity are studied and compared with the same material but not impregnated. The results indicate that the water absorption of impregnated material decreases and the silicone water repellent has hydrophobicity. The higher humidity can help hydrolysis and adhesion of silicone water repellent. The higher temperature may increase water absorption of base materials impregnated with low molecule weight silicone water repellent. Low molecule weight silicone water repellent liquid is residue on the calcium carbonate powder surface.
Thermal Simulation Analysis of Pass Design of the Heat-Insulating Bricks
Authors: Li Chun Ting , Feng Xiao Ping , Wu Jun Jie
Published: July 2014

The pass design, hole rates and materials affect the insulation properties of perforated bricks directly. In order to study their effects on the insulation of the perforated bricks, six models was analyzed by the thermal module of ANSYS. The results prove that larger quadrate holes rates lead to better insulation, and the material with small thermal conductivities contribute to large heat transfer resistance value of the bricks. To achieve the energy saving standards, more bricks with lower coefficient of thermal conductivity are to be developed.
Effects of Hydrogen Peroxide on Foam Concrete Performances
Authors: Cui Yu Li , Qian Fu Guo , Liu Shu Xiu , Yin Hai Tao
Published: July 2014

This paper reports the effects of hydrogen peroxide in surface morphology, strength, density, thermal conductivity of foam concrete and hydrogen peroxide utilization efficiency. The results show that these foam concretes are new and innovative building materials with interesting properties: low mass density and high strength when the addition amount of hydrogen peroxide is in 5%~6% range. Responsible for these properties are the macro-and microporosity. Macropores are created by adding hydrogen peroxide in different addition amount. It is also found that the utilization efficiency of hydrogen peroxide is higher when the addition amount of hydrogen peroxide is in the range of 5%~6%.
Analyzing the Quality of New Developments in Historical Monuments
Authors: Heidari Moghadam Masoumeh , Shahsavari Fatemeh
Published: July 2014

Following the rapid growth of cities and changes which are seen in the way of living, a lot of old buildings and many historical houses have become exhausted. Various needs of the modern human have affected towns and ancient monuments amazingly fast and if we neglect them, none of the values obtained during the centuries will be maintained. However, half a century’s experience shows that we have to intervene, design and develop these ancient spaces. Intervention and design with the aim of providing the newest facilities to live with respect to the principles shaping historical spaces not only would not damage the spirit of the ancient historical spaces, but also they would improve the values of our ancient monuments and historical sites. As can be seen in the rest of the paper, the methodology of this research consists of a combination of strategies. In fact, the effective factors in the success or failure of the integration and development of the historical buildings are defined and finally, applying contemporary architecture with an interactive approach in development is proposed.