bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INTERACTIVE MOTION PLATFORMS AND VIRTUAL REALITY FOR VEHICLE SIMULATORS
Authors: Thöndel Evžen
Published: January 2018

Interactive motion platforms are intended for vehicle simulators, where the direct interaction of the human body is used for controlling the simulated vehicle (e.g. bicycle, motorbike or other sports vehicles). The second use of interactive motion platforms is for entertainment purposes or fitness. The development of interactive motion platforms reacts to recent calls in the simulation industry to provide a device, which further enhances the virtual reality experience, especially with connection to the new and very fast growing business in virtual reality glasses. The paper looks at the design and control of an interactive motion platform with two degrees of freedom to be used in virtual reality applications. The paper provides the description of the control methods and new problems related to the virtual reality sickness are discussed here.
DANGEROUS DRIVER’S BEHAVIOR
Authors: Topol Libor , Drahotský Ivo
Published: January 2018

Different types of dangerous driver’s behavior are discussed in this paper. Case study analysis of young drivers’ hazardous behavior is also provided from authors’ practices. The practical research is collaborated with the statistical data that aggressive driving induces the number of fatalities on the roads in the Czech Republic by 25%. The improvement to driver’s training and other countermeasures is then suggested.
STRENGTHENING OF A REINFORCED CONCRETE BRIDGE WITH PRESTRESSED STEEL WIRE ROPES
Authors: Zhang Kexin , Sun Quansheng
Published: January 2018

This paper describes prestressed steel wire ropes as a way to strengthen a 20-year-old RC T-beam bridge. High strength, low relaxation steel wire ropes with minor radius, high tensile strain and good corrosion resistance were used in this reinforcement. The construction process for strengthening with prestressed steel wire ropes—including wire rope measuring, extruding anchor heads making, anchorage installing, tensioning steel wire ropes and pouring mortar was described. Ultimate bearing capacity of the bridge after strengthening was discussed based on the concrete structure theory. The flexural strength of RC T-beam bridges strengthened with prestressed steel wire ropes was governed by the failure of concrete crushing. To investigate effectiveness of the strengthening method, fielding-load tests were carried out before and after strengthening. The results of concrete strain and deflection show that the flexural strength and stiffness of the strengthened beam are improved. The crack width measurement also indicates that this technique could increase the durability of the bridge. Thus, this strengthened way with prestressed steel wire rope is feasible and effective.
APPLICATION OF AEM IN PROGRESSIVE COLLAPSE DYNAMICS ANALYSIS OF R.C. STRUCTURES
Authors: El-Mahdy Osama , El-Kasaby El-Sayed , Abusafa Hala , El-Gamal Amr
Published: January 2018

The Finite Element Method (FEM) and the other numerical strategies are viably actualized in linear and non-linear analysis of structures. Recently, a new displacement based on Applied Element Method (AEM) has been developed. It is applicable for static and dynamic for both linear and non-linear analysis of framed and continuum structures. In AEM, the structural member is partitioned into virtual elements connected through normal and shear springs representing stresses and strains of certain portion of structure. FEM assumes the material as continuous and can indicate highly stressed region of structure, however it is difficult to model separation of element unless crack location is known. The main advantage of AEM is that it can track the structural collapse behavior going through all phases of the application of loads.In the current research, the application of AEM is illustrated through a non-linear dynamic analysis. Progressive collapse simulation is conducted using Extreme Loading for Structures software (ELS), which follows the AEM. The experimental and analytical works carried by Park et al. [17 and 28] for 1/5 scaled 3 and 5 stories reinforced concrete structures are used for verification. Good matching between the experimental and numerical results has been obtained using ELS. Therefore, it can be confirmed that ELS is capable in simulating the structures’ behavior up to collapse.Furthermore, a study has been made to investigate the effect of considering the floor slabs on progressive collapse. The results show that considering slab in progressive collapse analysis of multistory buildings is important as neglecting the slabs’ contribution leads to incorrect simulation and uneconomic design.
RESEARCH ON RISK CLASSIFICATION METHOD OF ASSEMBLY OCCUPANCIES
Authors: Yu Hao
Published: January 2018

Due to the densely population and mobility characteristics of the crowd, generally accidents happened in assembly occupancies will trigger a chain reaction, and then bring heavy casualties and property loss, and result disastrous consequences. In the context of safety regulation resources limited, building risk classification system of assembly occupancies is important for "scientific predicting, and hierarchical controlling” In this paper, a software with a graphical user interface is designed using MATLAB GUI to analyze and calculate risks of stampede accident caused by gathered crowds in the video. A velocity extraction method based on cross-correlation algorithm is adopted, and the risk characteristic parameters such as velocity variance is also applied. In this way, real-time analysis and early-warning for risks of stampede accident in time and space can be achieved. Also, the algorithm is applied to the surveillance video of the stampede in Shanghai and its feasibility is proved. Empirical research shows that, the assembly occupancies risk rating model built in this paper has good effectiveness, simplicity and practicability, applies to the government safety regulation and organization safety management, and can improve the safety situation of assembly occupancies effectively.
STUDY ON DE-NOISING METHODS FOR SOIL COMPRESSIVE STRESS SIGNAL DURING VIBRATION COMPACTION
Authors: Zhang Qingzhe , Ji Meng , Zhang Qian , Qin Zhi
Published: January 2018

The compressive stress signal of soil during vibration compaction is an unstable and transient saltation signal accompanied by broadband noise, and the spectra of the signal and noise always overlap. To extract the ideal original signal from noisy data, this paper studies several signal de-noising methods such as low-pass filtering, multi-resolution wavelet transform, spectrum subtraction and independent component analysis. Experiments show that the traditional low-pass filter is only applicable when the spectra of the signal and noise can be separated in the frequency domain. The multi-resolution wavelet transform can decompose the signal into different frequency bands and remove the noise efficiently by extracting useful the frequency band of the signal, but this method is not reliable when the signal to noise ratio (SNR) is low. Spectrum subtraction can remove strong background noise with stationary statistical characteristics even if the noise level is high and the spectrum of the signal overlaps with that of the noise. Independent component analysis can extract weak signals which are combined with heavy noise and can separate the noise from signal effectively when the independent channel hypothesis holds. These de-noising methods are of great importance for further analysing vibration signals in engineering.
STUDY ON ANTI-CRACKING PERFORMANCE EVALUATION METHOD OF STEEL FIBER REINFORCED CERAMSITE CONCRETE (SFRCC) BASED ON PARTLY-RESTRAINED SHRINKAGE RING
Authors: Yi-Fan Zhang
Published: January 2018

In the study of crack resistance of steel fiber reinforced concrete in steel fiber on concrete deformation ability and prevent the Angle of the micro cracks, and the lack of overall evaluation on the performance of steel fiber reinforced concrete crack. By tinder barrier-free restrain some experimental research on steel fiber ceramsite concrete shrinkage ring crack resistance, and use the test results within the definition of steel ring strain from expansion to contraction cut-off age for early and late ages, and the ages of the cut-off point for the early and the late steel fiber ceramsite concrete anti-cracking performance evaluation. The results show that the anti-cracking properties of the steel fiber ceramic concrete are improved with the increase of steel fiber content.
PROGRESSIVE COLLAPSE ANALYSIS OF 2-D RC FRAMES USING AEM
Authors: El-Mahdy Osama , El-Kasaby El-Sayed , Abusafa Hala , El-Gamal Amr
Published: January 2018

Numerical simulation of a progressive collapse of structures using computer has a very actual apprehension for structural engineers due to their interest in structures veracity estimation. This simulation helps engineers to develop methods for increasing or decreasing the progressive failure. Finite Element Method (FEM) is the most computer simulation analysis currently used to perform a structural vulnerability assessment. Unfortunately, FEM is not able to automatically analyze a structure after element separation and collision which has a great effect on a structure’s performance during collapse. For instances, a bombing load can cause damage to a main supporting column in a structure, which will cause debris flying at a very high velocity from the damaged column. This debris can cause another local failure in another column upon impact and lead to the progressive collapse of the whole structure. A new simulation technique, which was developed in 1995 as part of Tagel-Din’s doctoral research, called Applied Element Method (AEM) can simulate the structure’s behaviour from zero loading until collapse, through the elastic phase, opening and propagation of cracks, yielding of reinforcement bars and separation and collision of elements. This method is used in Extreme Loading for Structures software (ELS) by Applied Science International (ASI). In the current paper, a brief description of the AEM is given. Also, numerical modelling based on two experimental studies available in the literature conducted by Ahmadi et al. [1] and Yi et al. [2] are generated using ELS. These models are used to confirm the capability of AEM in simulation the progressive collapse behaviour of structures. Also, the models are utilized to examine and measure the structural resisting mechanisms of reinforced concrete structures against progressive collapse. The obtained numerical results indicated that, ELS can accurately model all structural behaviour stages up to collapse. A better agreement between the experimental and numerical results is observed. Moreover, the results obtained with ELS indicated an enhanced agreement with other software packages such as; OpenSees, Ansys, Abacus, and MSC Marc.
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FOAMING BEHAVIOR AND SURFACE ENERGY OF ASPHALT BINDER
Authors: Xu Jian-ping , Zhang Kai , Zhu Yao-ting
Published: January 2018

To solve the problem of insufficiency in microscopic performance of foamed asphalt binder, surface energy theory was utilized to analyze the foaming behavior and wettability of asphalt binder. Based on the surface energy theory, the Wilhelmy plate method and universal sorption device method were employed to measure the surface energy components of asphalt binders and aggregates, respectively. Combined with the traditional evaluation indictor for foamed asphalt, the relationship between the foaming property and surface energy of asphalt binder was analyzed. According to the surface energy components, the wettability of asphalt binder to aggregate was calculated to verify the performance of foamed asphalt mixture. Results indicate that the foaming behavior of asphalt will be influenced by surface energy, which will increase with the decline of surface energy. In addition, the surface energy of asphalt binder significantly influences the wettability of asphalt binder to aggregates. Meanwhile, there is an inversely proportional relationship between surface energy of asphalt binder and wettability. Therefore, it can be demonstrated that surface energy is a good indictor which can be used to evaluate the foaming behavior of the asphalt binder. And it is suggested to choose the asphalt binder with lower surface energy in the process of design of foamed asphalt mixture.
A MECHANISTIC-EMPIRICAL IMPACT ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT TRUCK CONFIGURATIONS ON A JOINTED PLAIN CONCRETE PAVEMENT (JPCP)
Authors: Walubita Lubinda F. , Nyamuhokya Tito P. , Romanoschi Stefan A. , Hu Xiaodi , Souliman Mena I.
Published: January 2018

Until the last decade, the 1993 American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) design guide has been traditionally used for the design of flexible and rigid pavements in the USA and some parts of the world. However, because of its inability to meet the new traffic and material challenges, a Mechanistic Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) was introduced based on an NCHRP 1-37 A study conducted in 2004. This study used the MEPDG software and associated models to determine, through comparative truck damage analysis, the effects of nine different truck configurations on a 12 inch-jointed plain concrete pavement (JPCP). The study recorded truck damages at the end of each analysis period (40 years) and comparatively analyzed the relative pavement damage in terms of fatigue cracking, faulting, and surface roughness. The results indicated that the most critical damage to the concrete pavement was caused by truck cases with high and uneven load distribution and relatively smaller size axles group (e.g. tandem). Other key findings included the following; (1) increase in damage when the truckloads were shifted between the same size axles, (2) decrease in truck damage when the truckloads were shifted from tandem axle to quad axles, and (3) no change in truck damage when the axle spacing was increased between wheels of a quad axle.
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF THE BEHAVIOUR OF REINFORCED CONCRETE COLUMNS CONFINED BY OVERLAPPING HOOPS SUBJECTED TO RAPID CONCENTRIC LOADING
Authors: Zhang Xiang
Published: January 2018

The strain rate sensitivity of concrete material was discovered approximately one hundred years ago, and it has a marked effect on the behaviour of concrete members subjected to dynamic loadings such as strong earthquake and impact loading. Because of the great importance of the confined reinforced concrete (RC) columns in RC structures, the dynamic behaviour of the columns induced by the strain rate effect has been studied, but only few experiments and analyses have been conducted. To investigate the behaviour of overlapping hoop-confined square reinforced normal-strength concrete columns, considering the strain rate effect at a strain rate of 10-5/sec to 10-1/sec induced by earthquake excitation, an explicit dynamic finite element analysis (FEA) model was developed in ABAQUS to predict the behaviour of confined RC columns subjected to the rapid concentric loading. A locally modified stress-strain relation of confined concrete with the strain rate sensitivity of the concrete material and the confining effect of overlapping hoops were proposed to complete the simulation of the dynamic behaviour of concrete with the concrete plastic-constitutive model in ABAQUS. The finite element predictions are consistent with the existing test results. Based on the FEA model, a parametric investigation was conducted to capture more information about the behaviour of confined RC columns under varying loading rates
Heat Transfer Simulations of Sinusoidal Filter
Authors: Kořínek Jan
Published: January 2018

This article covers various types of heat transfer simulations of a sinusoidal filter. First part is focused mainly on natural convection case including a detailed geometry thermal model of the sinusoidal filter considering air-flow in surroundings. Further, a comparison of the simplified and detailed geometries and their influences upon the final temperature field is presented. For a selected case of natural convection, comparison of two identical geometries in Ansys Fluent and StarCCM+ is showed. In the last part of this paper, results for the heat transfer simulation of the sinusoidal filter in a distributor case with active cooling are presented.
Analysis of Four Phase Interleaved Boost Converter
Authors: Kaščák Slavomír , Praženica Michal , Jarabincová Miriam , Koňarik Roman
Published: January 2018

This paper deals with analysis of the four phase interleaved DC-DC converter for higher power application. The interleaved topology is widely used due to  its advantage as lower input current ripple which means volume reduction of the input capacitor. The current ripple equation of an input current for the boost operation mode and the ripple current in the individual phase of the interleaved converter using uncoupled inductor are shown. The theoretical equations are supplemented by the simulation results using the Spice simulator and by measurement on the interleaved converter.
Scaffolding students in non-routine problem solving environment: The case of two mathematics teachers
Rutin olmayan problem çözme sürecinde öğrencilerin desteklenmesi: İki matematik öğretmeninin durumu
Authors: Erdoğan Abdulkadir , Özdemir Erdoğan Emel
Published: January 2018

The task of the teacher in designing learning environments and in guiding students throughout learning activities can be generally defined as scaffolding. Most of the students have difficulties in solving non-routine problems and cannot effectively use problem solving strategies. In this study, scaffoldings offered by the teachers for solving non-routine problems were examined using scaffolding techniques determined by Roehler and Cantlon (1997). Two mathematics teachers were participated in the study and the data were collected in an optional mathematics course for sixth graders via video-record of the teachers’ discourses on the solution of a same non-routine problem. The data were analysed using content analysis technique. The results showed that teachers intervened intensively in terms of scaffolding and the aims of these interventions mostly consisted of focusing students’ attention on the task and its accomplishment; while students centred techniques were less utilized. The results also showed that, although the scaffoldings provided by the teachers vary according to the way chosen for introducing the problem, they provided a dynamic and multi-dimensional scaffolding instead of adopting a fixed and unidimensional scaffolding. Extended English abstract is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.ÖzetÖğretmenin hedeflenen öğrenmelerin gerçekleşmesi için öğrenme ortamlarını oluşturması ve öğrencilerin çalışmalarına rehberlik etmesi en genel anlamda öğrenme desteği veya kısaca destek olarak tanımlanabilir. Bu çalışmada öğrencilerin önemli güçlükler yaşadıkları, problem çözme stratejilerini etkin ve uygun biçimde kullanamadıkları rutin olmayan problemlerin çözümü için öğretmenlerin sınıf ortamında verdikleri destekler Roehler ve Cantlon (1997) tarafından belirlenen destek türleri çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın verileri iki matematik öğretmeninin 6. sınıf matematik uygulamaları dersi kapsamında aynı rutin olmayan matematik probleminin öğrenciler tarafından çözümü sırasındaki eylem ve söylemlerinin kaydedilmesi ile toplanmıştır. Veriler içerik analizi ile çözümlenmiştir. Çalışmanın bulguları, öğretmenlerin yoğun bir destek verme eğiliminde olduklarını, öğrencilerin problemin çözümüne ulaşmalarını ve görevden kopmamalarını sağlayacak destek türlerini daha ağırlıklı olarak kullandıklarını ve öğrenciyi sürecin merkezine oturtan destek türlerine daha az yer verdiklerini göstermektedir. Bulgular diğer yandan öğretmenlerin desteğinin problemin tanıtılması için seçilen yaklaşıma bağlı olarak değiştiğini ve öğretmenlerin sabit ve tek yönlü bir destek yerine çok yönlü ve dinamik bir destek yaklaşımı benimsediklerini göstermektedir.
Identification of BMP15 Exon 2 for fecundity traits by PCR-RFLP and nucleotide sequencies in Kejobong goat
Authors: Febriana A. , Sutopo S. , Kurnianto E.
Published: January 2018

Kejobong goat is known as prolific and high productivity goat breed in Indonesia. PCR-RFLP and sequencing technique was established in the present study to accomplish the polymorphisms of Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 (BMP15) gene exon 2 on Kejobong goat does. The blood samples was collected from 48 Kejobong does which were selected based on their litter size. The size of PCR amplification of BMP15 gene exon 2 was 837 bp. The product of PCR-RFLP technique digested by HinfI enzyme showed that the samples were monomorphic. Authentication result using nucleotide sequencing found 4 substitution (A391G, C464G, T828C and C830G), 1 alignment gap (site 817) and 1 insertion nucleotide (site 822). This mutations caused 6 haplotypes formatted. The mutants of BMP15 exon 2 on Kejobong goats indicated that this breed had their own mutation controling the prolific trait. The phylogenetic tree build on the sequences of BMP15 gene exon 2 of Kejobong goats was grouped into 3 clusters. The alignment gap indicated to be the specific marker for the prolific trait (duplet) in Kejobong goat. The particular insertion site could be the recognition site of Kejobong goat based on BMP15 exon 2.
Predicting the age and weight at puberty of Ongole Grade cattle using nonlinear mathematical model in Kebumen Farmer Association
Authors: Maharani D. , Amrullah A. H. K. , Widayati D. T. , Sumadi S. , Fathoni A. , Khusnudin M.
Published: January 2018

This research is aimed to evaluate the nonlinear mathematical model in predicting the age and weight of Kebumen Ongole Grade (PO) cattle at puberty. The data used in this research was weight recordings of (768) PO cattle, ranging from calf (< 1 month) to adult (60 months), collected by Kebumen PO cattle Breeder Association (ASPOKEB) from 2013 to 2015. These cattle were reared by a group of farmers located in six sub-districts: Mirit, Lembu Purwo, Ambal, Puring, Petanahan, and Klirong in Kebumen district, Jawa Tengah Province. Brody, Bertalanfy, Logistic and Gompertz mathematical models were used to analyze the data. The analysis showed that the R2of the four models classify high in the category (R2 >0.70). Mature weight (A) of PO cattle predicted by Logistic (349 kg) and Gompertz (358 kg) were most appropriate. Out of the four models, the Logistic model was the most accurate in predicting the weight at puberty (174 kg) of PO cattle, but all observed cattle are still in the follicular phase.
Effect of white kabesak (Acacia leucophloea Roxb) leaves level in the diet on feed intake and body weight gain of Kacang goat
Authors: Lawa E. D. W. , Marjuki M. , Hartutik H. , Chuzaemi S.
Published: January 2018

This study was conducted to analysis the effect of levels of white kabesak (Acacia leucophloea Roxb.) Willd. leaves in the diet on feed intake, digestibility and body weight gain of Kacang goats. The completely randomized block design using 5 treatments and 5 replications was used in this experiment. The treatments were 5 concentrate feeds containing different levels of white kabesak leaves i.e. 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% in the dry matter (DM) basis (representing T0, T1, T2, T3 and T4 treatments, respectively). The feeds were set up to contain 11.5-12.5% of crude protein (CP). Concentrate feed and native grass was fed at ratio of 60 : 40 was fed to 5 local male goats (age 1-1.5 years old and initial weight of 16.7±5.0 kg). The results showed that DM, organic matter (OM), and CP intake of T0 was not significantly different from those of T1 goats, but it was significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of T2, T3 and T4. The DM, OM, CP, and crude fiber (CF) digestibility as well as body weight gain in T2 goats were significantly higher (P<0.05) and had feed conversion ratio that was significantly better (P<0.05) compared to those of the other feed treatments. In conclusion, the most optimum level of white kabesak (Acacia leucophloea Roxb.) Willd. leaves used in concentrate feed for goat was 20 %.
Effect of decocted turmeric on performance, hematological parameters and carcass traits of broiler chickens
Authors: Isroli I. , Yudiarti T. , Widiastuti E. , Sugiharto S.
Published: January 2018

This study aimed to investigate the effect of decocted turmeric on performance, haematological parameters and carcass traits of broilers. Broiler chicks at 11 days of age were allotted to five groups, including T0 (birds drinking 100% water), T1 (25% decocted turmeric + 75% water), T2 (50% decocted turmeric + 50% water), T3 (75% decocted turmeric + 25% water) and T4 (100% decocted turmeric). The study was arranged based on a completely randomized design (CRD), parameters investigated was performance and blood chemistry (leukocyte, total protein, albumin, globulin, uric acid, glucose). The data were subjected to analysis of variance at 5% probability. Decocted turmeric did not affect weight gain, feed and water consumption and feed conversion ratio of broilers. Lymphocytes proportion was higher (P<0.05) in T1, T2 and T4 than in T0 and T3 birds. The heterophils to lymphocytes ratio was lower (P<0.05) in birds receiving decocted turmeric than control. Globulin concentration and albumin to globulin ratio were higher and lower (P<0.05), respectively, in serum of T2, T3 and T4 than T0 and T1 birds. The proportion of heterophils and concentration of serum total protein, albumin, uric acid and glucose were not different among treatments. The weight of breast meat was higher and lower (P<0.05) in T3 and T4 birds, respectively, compared to the control. In conclusion, providing decocted turmeric through drinking water helped to improve stress responses and increased the weight of breast meat of broiler chickens.
Mekanisme Kebijakan Standard Ketahanan Gempa Baru pada Bangunan Publik
Authors: Hermawan Ferry , Indarto Himawan
Published: January 2018

Penerapan standard bangunan tahan gempa baru pada penelitian ini adalah bagian dari mekanisme kebijakan teknis dan harmonisasi kepentingan dari para praktisi gedung di daerah. Persoalan teknis di lapangan menuntut adanya integrasi komitmen antara praktisi gedung dan pemilik proyek. Jika suatu penerapan standard bangunan terjadi saat gedung sedang dibangun maka perlu mekanisme kebijakan yang dapat mengharmonisasi kepentingan teknis dan administrasi proyek. Penelitian ini merupakan bukti empirik bagaimana mekanisme kebijakan retrofit bangunan pasca penerapan SNI bangunan tahan gempa baru diterapkan pada bangunan rumah sakit umum di Jawa Barat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah menggunakan simulasi model struktur dan wawancara semi-structured dengan enam praktisi gedung yang telah berpengalaman antara 15-25 tahun. Hasil simulasi model struktur diperoleh bahwa beberapa elemen struktur harus dilakukan retrofit untuk meningkatkan kapasitas terhadap beban gempa baru yang relatif meningkat dua kalinya dari standar gempa lama. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, keberhasilan penerapan standard gedung tahan gempa baru dipengaruhi oleh mekanisme komunikasi dan pengalaman kontraktor yang memadai pada eksekusi di lokasi. Interaksi antara pemilik proyek, kontraktor, dan tim manajemen konstruksi adalah bentuk mekanisme yang bisa dikembangkan terutama bagi praktisi gedung di daerah dengan keterbatasan sumber daya teknologi dan keterampilan.
Perancangan Sistem Pemantauan Gas dan Peringatan pada Ruangan melalui Jaringan Nirkabel
Authors: Bhasworo Gunawan Kunto , Rofii Faqih , Hunaini Fachrudin
Published: January 2018

Udara adalah suatu campuran gas yang terdapat pada  lapisan yang mengelilingi bumi. Gas CO merupakan salah satu gas yang mengandung  zat yang tidak baik yang tidak dapat ditangkap oleh panca indera, gas tersebut bersifat membunuh makhluk hidup termasuk manusia. Hidrogen sulfida  (H2S) adalah gas yang tidak berwarna, beracun, mudah terbakar dan berbau seperti telur busuk. . Konsentrasi H2S dalam jumlah yang rendah, dapat membahayakan keselamatan manusia. Dalam konsentrasi 100 PPM dapat menyebabkan kematian dalam waktu 2-5 menit. Tidak kalah berbahayanya adalah hydrocarbon gas exploison atau ledakan yang diakibatkan kebocoran LPG (metana) pada ruang tertutup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan mengimplementasikan sebuah sistem pemantau gas dan peringatan pada ruangan melalui jaringan nirkabel. Dengan menggabungkan PC (Personal Computer), Arduino, Arduino Wifi shield, Router, LCD (Liquid Crystal Display), Buzzer serta sensor gas TGS 2620 dan 2602 serta 2442 yang merupakan sensor-sensor dengan sensitivitas yang tinggi terhadap gas LPG (metana) dan H2S serta CO dengan konsumsi daya rendah. Di peroleh sistem pemantau gas dan peringatan pada ruangan melalui jaringan nirkabel yang dapat mendeteksi dan memberikan peringatan apabila ada gas-gas berbahaya CO, H2S dan LPG (metana)
Jan Patočka’s Concept of Fraternity and its Challenges vis-à-vis the World of Today
Authors: Svobodová Zuzana
Published: January 2018

The presentation entitled “Jan Patočka’s Concept of Fraternity and its Challenges vis-à-vis the World of Today” discusses the concept of fraternity explored in texts by the Czech philosopher written later in his life. J. Patočka was one of the authors of Charter 77, a dissident document, which called for the protection of human rights (published on January 6.–7., 1977).First, Patočka’s theory of three movements of life (also: movements of the soul) – i.e. the movement of rooting or anchoring, the movement of labour or self-delivery and the movement of breakthrough or finding oneself – will be analysed. Based on the analysis, the role of turning (gr. metanoiésis) from a mere solidarity of interests to actual being through surrendering oneself will be shown. Jan Patočka interpreted life as surrender by referring to the notion of Godman and the way the world relates to him. The phenomenon of sacrifice that Jan Patočka dealt with in the last period of his life (Patočka died on March 13, 1977, following long and exhausting police interrogations) can inspire the field of social ethics, both from the philosophical and theological points of view. It also comes with challenges to education and training in today’s Europe, which faces migration, as it needs to learn new habits of hospitality and fraternity.
Jaký efekt mají klimatické kampaně? Využití metodiky pro hodnocení dopadu klimatických kampaní
Authors: Urban Jan , Chabada Tomáš , Skalík Jan
Published: January 2018

Cílem tohoto textu je přiblížit cíle a využití Metodiky pro hodnocení dopadů klimatických kampaní. Tato Metodika stanovuje rámec pro provádění hodnotících studií, které se zaměřují na hodnocení kauzálního dopadu klimatických kampaní na změnu individuálního mitigačního nebo adaptačního chování, anebo jeho motivačních faktorů (např. postojů, znalostí a představ). Hodnocení kauzálních dopadů vychází z rámce potenciálních výsledků (Rubin, 1974) a je postaveno na kvantitativních experimentálních a kvazi-experimentálních přístupech. Tato Metodika by měla usnadnit vyhodnocování efektů klimatických kampaní a měla by umožnit akumulaci poznatků o efektech různých typů intervencí. Využívání Metodiky při realizaci a hodnocení kampaní by mělo přispět nejen ke zvýšení efektů realizovaných kampaní a tím ke zvýšení efektivity vynaložených prostředků na klimatické kampaně, ale mělo by také zvýšit důvěru donorů a širší veřejnosti v to, že klimatické kampaně jsou efektivními nástroji klimatické politiky. V neposlední řadě by představovaná Metodika měla také usnadnit výměnu informací mezi výzkumníky, kteří se zabývají dopady kampaní, ale často nemají možnost získat informace z reálných kampaní a realizátory kampaní, kterým zase často chybí prostředky pro vyhodnocení dopadů kampaní.
Evaluation of STAT3 rs1053004 single nucleotide polymorphism in patients with chronic hepatitis B and hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Fatemipour Maryam , Arabzadeh Seyed Ali Mohammad , Molaei Hamdireza , Geramizadeh Bita , Dabiri Shahryar , Fatemipour Bahareh , Vahedi Seyed Mahdi , Malekpour Afshar Reza
Published: January 2018

Chronic infection with hepatitis B (CHB) virus is one of the most important risk factors for Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes liver cancer in various ways. One of these ways is increasing the expression of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in Hepatocytes by HBV. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1053004 in the STAT3 gene in CHB patients and individuals who suffer from HCC. In this research, 33 patients CHB-related HCC, 50 patients infected with chronic hepatitis B infection (CHB) without HCC and 50 healthy individuals were investigated for the presence of rs1053004 in the STAT3 gene according to the PCR-based differentiation of alleles test. Data analysis presented a different and significant distribution of alleles and genotypes (p<0.05). When the HCC and CHB groups were compared from the point of the frequency of alleles, the frequency of the C allele and CC genotype in the HCC group were higher CHB and control groups. Analysis of our data in the genotype model (CC vs. TT + TC) showed, this meaningful relationship remained between the HCC group and the three groups of CHB, healthy and all controls. These results illustrate that perhaps rs1053004 polymorphisms in the STAT3 gene participated in the progression of hepatitis B to HCC in Iranian people.
Primary breast leiomyosarcoma in male - A case report
Authors: ARSALANE Adil , ZIDANE Abdelfetah , SAADI Smail , MSOUGAR Yassine
Published: January 2018

Primary Sarcomas of the breast account for less than 1% of breast tumors. Leiomyosarcomas are less common. Only 51 cases have been reported in the literature, which only 4 cases in men. We present a new case of male breast leiomyosarcoma and discuss management and therapy of these unusual neoplasms. The confirmation of diagnosis was obtained by immunohistochemical study of surgical biopsy. The patient underwent a radical mastectomy and axillary lymphadenectomy. Adjuvant radiotherapy was indicated. Two years after surgery the patient is still in life without recurrence.
Mapping the growing capacity of climate smart food in urban environments
Authors: Schneider Gavin , Fast Victoria
Published: January 2018

The practice of urban agriculture (UA) is a unique food system model that localizes the production of sustainable, geographically appropriate food. The environmental benefits inherent in UA aligns with the emerging field of climate smart agriculture (CSA). However, the agro-industry focus of CSA is beyond the scope of most UA initiatives. Instead, we put forward the term “climate smart food” as a more appropriate framework to examine the environmental impact of food production in an urban context. The purpose of this study, rooted in the recognition of underutilized private urban land resources for UA, is to assess the potential of urban land to grow climate smart food. The Bowness neighbourhood in Calgary, Alberta is used as a case study. A geospatial process of constraint mapping was applied to analyze suitable private land space that could be converted from lawns to cultivated gardens. Using data from a local food cooperative as a benchmark for local urban production capacity, it was determined that six urban farms in Calgary produced roughly 8,200 pounds of food from private gardens in 2016. In the Bowness neighbourhood, 42 percent of the land was held as private turf grass, and produced only about 800 pounds of food. This type of analysis serves to quantify the magnitude of underutilized land within an urban boundary that could produce significant amounts of climate smart food.
Conversations in Food Studies by Colin R. Anderson, Jennifer Brady, and Charles Z. Levkoe (Eds.)
Authors: Roberts Wayne
Published: January 2018

This inspiring collection of essays by mostly young and freshly minted scholars takes me back 50 years, to my own misspent youth during the 1960s and ’70s, when I was part of a social history gang eager to “rewrite history from the bottom up.” We wanted to ask new questions and use new methods, sources, and insights to study groups that had been unjustly ignored and marginalized, and to make what we learned available and accessible to everyday people. Although I left the university milieu to work for various social movements, and though I often wince at the grandiose and harsh accusations we made as well as the utter lack of experience and street smarts we imposed on our cause, I am proud of what that generation of labour and women’s studies pioneers accomplished.
Sustainable Diets: How Ecological Nutrition Can Transform Consumption and the Food System by Pamela Mason and Tim Lang
Authors: Sumner Jennifer
Published: January 2018

This path-breaking book situates the thorny issue of diets firmly within what has been called the Anthropocene—the era of human-induced changes to the planet. Since many of these changes are associated with food production and consumption, the authors argue that we need to develop sustainable diets in order to reduce the negative impacts of the current global food system on the environment, as well as to improve public health. To this end, the book is informed by an ecological public health perspective, which “views health as a function of relationships, a web of connections between humans, planet and society.”
Catherine Parr Traill’s The Female Emigrant's Guide: Cooking with a Canadian Classic by Nathalie Cooke and Fiona Lucas (Eds.)
Authors: Stewart Anita
Published: January 2018

Based on broadly annotated recipes published in 1855, this historical treasure trove of food sourcing and cooking has been reworked for modern readers by editors Nathalie Cooke and Fiona Lucas. These authors have been deeply immersed in Canadian culinary history for most of their careers, dedicated to making their findings both accurate and interesting. With this material, I could imagine them setting out together on a journey of discovery, much like Parr Traill and her family did when they sailed from the relative luxury of their “sylvan” Suffolk homeland in 1832 to become bush farmers in Duoro Township north of the hamlet of Peterborough. Our intrepid editors ended up with a Canadian culinary treatise that every curious home cook or chef should read.
Traditional Wisdom of Adat Law Baduy Community In Farming System In Kanekes Village, Leuwihdamar Lebak Banten
Authors: Sodikin Sodikin
Published: January 2018

Baduy community, tradition laws were a genealogical community with the type of lineage according to the male line (patrilineal). They believed in a descent or the same origin through the teachings of Sunda Wiwitan religion. The teachings of Sunda Wiwitan were the basis or guidance in their life. In terms of farming that they did was a mandate it religion that they professed or believed. Environmental wisdom in terms of farming with the system of shifting cultivation or dry rice (huma) was a mandate of the teachings of its religion. Masyarakat hukum adat Baduy merupakan komunitas masyarakat yang bersifat geneologis dengan tipe pertalian keturunan menurut garis laki-laki (patrilineal). Mereka mempercayai satu keturunan atau asal usul yang sama melalui ajaran agama Sunda Wiwitan. Ajaran agama Sunda Wiwitan ini merupakan dasar atau pedoman dalam kehidupan masyarakatnya. Dalam hal bercocok tanam yang mereka jalankan merupakan amanat agama Sunda Wiwitan yang mereka anut atau percayai. Kearifan lingkungan dalam hal bercocok tanam dengan sistem ladang berpindah atau sawah kering (huma) adalah amanah dari ajaran agama Sunda Wiwitan. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v5i1.5398
A Study on Effect of Sleep Duration On SpO2 And Pulse Rate in College Students Of Angamaly, Kerala
Authors: Sailesh Kumar Sai , Padmanabha Padmanabha , Abraham Jobby , Angel Jose , J.K Mukkadan
Published: January 2018

The present study was undertaken with an objective to observe the effect of sleep duration on spo2 and pulse rate in males and females and to create awareness among the general population to improve the quality of life. The present study has been performed at Little Flower Medical Research Centre, Angamaly, Kerala, India. A total of two hundred and twenty two healthy male and female college students, with mean age 18.55 ± 0.94 were participated voluntarily in the medical camp comprising 110 males and 112 females. Two investigators of our study recorded Spo2 and pulse rate by using pulse oximeter from the students at the same time. The participants were grouped into two groups, those who sleep more than seven hours and those who sleep for less than seven hours and their spo2 pulse rate were compared. The analysis of data was done by SPSS 20.0. Independent sample t test is used for data analysis. Spo2 is equal in both the groups. However pulse rate is slightly lower in the students who sleep less than seven hours. However this is not statistically significant (P value 0.372). Our study suggests that Pulse rate is slightly lower in the students whose sleep duration is less. No significant change is observed in spo2 in our study. Hence this study merits to continue with higher sample size.
Online Tobacco Marketing and Subsequent Tobacco Use
Authors: Soneji Samir , Yang JaeWon , Knutzen Kristin E. , Moran Meghan Bridgid , Tan Andy S.L. , Sargent James , Choi Kelvin
Published: January 2018

BACKGROUND:

Nearly 2.9 million US adolescents engaged with online tobacco marketing in 2013 to 2014. We assess whether engagement is a risk factor for tobacco use initiation, increased frequency of use, progression to poly-product use, and cessation.

METHODS:

We analyzed data from 11 996 adolescents sampled in the nationally representative, longitudinal Population Assessment for Tobacco and Health study. At baseline (2013–2014), we ascertained respondents’ engagement with online tobacco marketing. At follow-up (2014–2015), we determined if respondents had initiated tobacco use, increased frequency of use, progressed to poly-product use, or quit. Accounting for known risk factors, we fit a multivariable logistic regression model among never-users who engaged at baseline to predict initiation at follow-up. We fit similar models to predict increased frequency of use, progression to poly-product use, and cessation.

RESULTS:

Compared with adolescents who did not engage, those who engaged reported higher incidences of initiation (19.5% vs 11.9%), increased frequency of use (10.3% vs 4.4%), and progression to poly-product use (5.8% vs 2.4%), and lower incidence of cessation at follow-up (16.1% vs 21.5%). Accounting for other risk factors, engagement was positively associated with initiation (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.26; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–1.57), increased frequency of use (aOR = 1.58; 95% CI: 1.24–2.00), progression to poly-product use (aOR = 1.70; 95% CI: 1.20–2.43), and negatively associated with cessation (aOR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.50–1.00).

CONCLUSIONS:

Engagement with online tobacco marketing represents a risk factor for adolescent tobacco use. FDA marketing regulation and cooperation of social-networking sites could limit engagement.
Contribuciones de las escalas en salud como herramientas que influencian decisiones en el cuidado de los pacientes
Authors: Rodríguez Acelas Alba Luz , Cañon Montañez Wilson
Published: January 2018

A lo largo del tiempo, es posible encontrar un incremento de escalas o también llamados instrumentos o cuestionarios en el ámbito de la salud, representando una gran contribución a las áreas de investigación, educación y práctica, así como a los ámbitos de gestión y extensión, una vez que tienen una participación importante en los diferentes escenarios.Se estima que el desarrollo de nuevas escalas depende de la búsqueda constante de evidencias que ayudan en la toma de decisión al profesional, por tanto, es considerado un tema actual de discusión por parte de investigadores que hacen uso de la Práctica Basada en Evidencias.Asimismo, al tiempo que el conocimiento científico y las nuevas técnicas de tratamiento y diagnóstico evolucionan, se va generando un incremento en la insatisfacción de los pacientes en relación a los cuidados de salud, pareciendo apuntar la dificultad en volver armoniosa la relación entre el progreso científico y la priorización del ser humano en lo que concierne a los cuidados con base en las tecnologías, dado que existe una amplia discusión sobre las tecnologías relacionadas al sector salud, siendo que el uso de escalas es considerado en la literatura como una  tecnología ligera-dura que engloba los conocimientos de una forma más estructurada.Cómo citar este artículo: Rodríguez-Acelas AL, Cañon-Montañez W. Contribuciones de las escalas en salud como herramientas que influencian decisiones en el cuidado de los pacientes. Rev Cuid. 2018; 9(1): 1949-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v9i1.498
Cutting construction suicides: what the industry is doing to address mental health issues
Authors: Hails Steve
Published: January 2018

Workers in the construction industry are far more likely to commit suicide than those in any other sector. Steve Hails, director of health, safety and well-being at Tideway, explains what the industry is doing to address the issue.
Transforming infrastructure, transforming lives – building on 200 years
Authors: Mair Robert
Published: January 2018

This is the inaugural address of Lord Robert Mair, who became 153rd president of the Institution of Civil Engineers on 7 November 2017.
Microbial induced calcite precipitation by Sporosarcina pasteurii and Sporosarcina aquimarina
Authors: Keykha Hamed A , Asadi Afshin , Huat Bujang B K , Kawasaki Satoru
Published: January 2018

Factors that influence microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) include bacterial species, bacterial cell concentration and urea and calcium ion (Ca2+) concentrations for determining the most effective laboratory conditions for calcium carbonate (CaCO3) precipitation by Sporosarcina pasteurii and Sporosarcina aquimarina bacteria. In this study, the most effective laboratory conditions for MICP by S. aquimarina were 12·8 × 109 bacterial cells/ml, 0·25 M urea and 2 M calcium chloride (CaCl2). On the other hand, the most effective conditions for S. pasteurii were 9 × 109 bacterial cells/ml, 1 M urea and 2 M calcium chloride.
Full-scale laboratory testing of a buried pipeline in sand subjected to cyclic axial displacements
Authors: Sheil B. B. , Martin C. M. , Byrne B. W. , Plant M. , Williams K. , Coyne D.
Published: January 2018

This paper describes a full-scale laboratory study of the axial sliding behaviour of a trenched pipeline surrounded by sand backfill. Cyclic axial displacements are applied to a heavy pipe buried in a narrow trench (less than three pipe diameters wide), using various backfill cover depths and two different soils: dry Hostun sand and a damp, silty sand. A novel testing tank is employed, with compressible foam seals to allow the pipe to settle as it moves axially, and a pressure bag system to simulate backfill depths exceeding the height of the tank. The test pipe is instrumented to measure: (a) the axial soil resistance developed on an isolated central section of pipe (thus avoiding tank boundary effects) and (b) the normal and shear contact stresses at a number of points around the pipe circumference. The results indicate that both the axial resistance and the normal stress distribution around the pipe can undergo considerable changes when a pipeline experiences cyclic axial displacements. An extreme case identified here is the potential for a compacted damp sand backfill to ‘arch’ completely over the pipe as a result of differential settlement, leading to unexpectedly low axial resistance. To address some limitations of the design method currently used in industry, a new approach for estimating axial resistance is suggested and applied to the present test data.