bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FORMALIOJI MOKSLO KOMUNIKACIJA MOKSLO LEIDINIUOSE „KNYGOTYRA“ IR „INFORMACIJOS MOKSLAI“: KIEKYBINIS TYRIMAS
Authors: STONKIENĖ MARIJA , JANIŪNIENĖ ERIKA , MATKEVIČIENĖ RENATA
Published: January 2019

For intensive academic activities, there is a need to ensure introduction of scientific research results, discussion of scientific works and spread of scientific investigation results in an interaction among scientists, scientists and scientific community, scientists and society. This kind of communication creates and fosters the persistent value of scientific work through the presentation and dissemination of results of scientific theoretical and empirical investigations.In the article, scientific communication is understood as a dissemination of scientific information of all areas of scientific research through formal and informal channels of communication. Scientific communication as a concept unites various possibilities such as science mass communication, public understanding of science, public awareness of science, scientific culture, scholarly communication aspects such as academic communication, purely scientific communication, etc.The aim of the article is to analyze formal science communication presented by scientists from the Faculty of Communication of Vilnius University. The research aims to present completeness of science communication presented by the scholars of the Faculty of Communication in dissemination of results of scientific researches and to create a knowledge dissemination map in which a flow of science communication and activities of scholars could be shown. The research is based on the quantitative variables that describe the form of science communication, from analysis of documental communication in scientific publications to formal communication such as participation in national and international conferences, expert activities, etc.Analysis of formal science communication is carried out from four main points: analysis of the science communication structure at the Faculty of Communication, Vilnius University; measurement of the geographical scope of science communication performed by the scholars of the Faculty; a set of participants and a flow of science communication; identification of institutions and individual scholars that actively participate in science communication in the field of communication and information.Results of the research stress several important aspects which present science communication at the Faculty of Communication of Vilnius University: the communication model “scientists to scientists” is dominating; dissemination of scientific information is oriented towards the Lithuanian scientific community; by active participation in international scientific networks and conferences; the map that presents the spread of scientific research results is wider than Lithuania’s geographical frame. As the main means for formal science communication, scientific publications could be mentioned. “Knygotyra” and “Informacijos mokslai” are the main scientific journals where formal science communication in the area of communication and information is concentrated.
LIETUVIŲ KNYGOTYROS TERMINIJOS DISKUSINIAI KLAUSIMAI: DĖL SĄVOKOS RETA KNYGA
Authors: BRAZIŪNIENĖ ALMA
Published: January 2019

Based on the works by various Lithuanian and foreign authors, the article deals with the concept of “rare book” and its functioning in book science, practical librarianship and bibliophily. The relation of this concept with book science concepts such as “valuable book”, “book monument” and “old book“ is discussed. The conclusion is that there is a difference between rarity and scarcity (rare book and scarce book) in practical librarianship and bibliophily and in the theoretical sphere of book science. The importance of the historical and cultural context in defining the scarcity and rarity of a book is stressed. The concept of “rare book” is not documented in the Lithuanian standards of terminology, so it must be discussed more carefully.
LIETUVOS KNYGOTYROS MOKYKLOS KONCEPCIJŲ RAIŠKA AKADEMINIUOSE KURSUOSE
Authors: LIEPAITĖ INGA
Published: January 2019

The unity of science and study is one of the oldest traditions of universities, which goes from the beginning of the nineteenth century when the representative model of Western academic institution – Berlin University – was established. The institution of Vilnius University in Lithuania intercepted and realized this tradition. We can find the beginnings of the formation of Lithuanian book science in the early nineteenth century at Vilnius University. The coming of book science and its further development proclaim a close contact of science and study of the book science. The academic courses of book science, lectured at Vilnius University up to now, and their supply of educational books were chosen as the object of research. The academic courses of bibliography and librarianship sciences stay behind the horizon of academic courses of book science by today conception of book science in its today’s conception. The aim of this article is to ascertain how conceptions formulated by participants of the Lithuanian book science school in the process of research are reflected in pedagogical practice. We chose the educational books as an intermediary factor which integrates the results of research and of pedagogical practice. The main conceptions of the LithuaAbstractnian book science school and their authors, the tendencies of development of academic courses of lecturing at Vilnius University and the complex of educational books used in the lecturing process of academic courses of book science by following the periodization of book science are analyzed. A conclusion is that the Lithuanian book science school and its role in the process of students’ training are closely linked spheres which are related by common history, institutions, events and people participating in these events. The identical periodization of Lithuanian book science, both in research and in pedagogical practice, enables studying these activities as a whole unit – the main identifying factor of the character of the scientific school. The educational books can be one of the formal channels of communication and fixation of research results and of transmission of knowledge to students. Analysis of the evolution of theoretical mind, of lecturing the academic courses and of textbooks allows to maintain that these three components not only strongly influence the development of each other, but also determine the formation, development and progress of such a complicated phenomenon as a scientific school.
SKAITMENINIŲ LEIDINIŲ LEIDYBOS PERSPEKTYVOS AKADEMINĖJE LEIDYKLOJE: LIETUVIŲ KALBOS INSTITUTO ATVEJIS
Authors: KISIELIŪTĖ RIMANTĖ
Published: January 2019

The article presents the situation and prospects of digital publishing in an academic publishing house. Based on the analysis of a quantitative survey, interviews and nonfiction, the article presents the opinion of the Lithuanian Language Institute researchers (present and future book authors) about digital publishing and the reasons why digital publishing is useful in an academic publishing house; finally, it explores three publishing models (born-digital, print on demand, short run digital publishing) which are useful in expanding production volumes in a publishing house.The research has lead to the conclusion that digital publishing has all preconditions to be rapidly developed while seeking economical advantages, risk minimization, and convenience.
A STATE-OWNED PUBLISHING HOUSE IN LITHUANIA: CHARACTERISTICS AND PROBLEMS
Authors: ČERGELYTĖ NERINGA
Published: January 2019

The article deals with the publishing process in the only state-owned publishing house of Lithuania – the Science and Encyclopedia Publishing Centre (MELC), its status in the context of other publishing houses of Lithuania and similar publishers abroad, the possible changes in its practice organization on the example of private publishers. The tasks were to analyse the factors that regulate and influence the specific features and status of the publishing house, its structure, work organization and management in the MELC, its situation in the context of foreign publishing houses, and to compare it with similar publishers, to analyse its thematic plan formation and finance management. It was also important to discuss the MELC priorities, tendencies and future prospects. The study has shown that the MELC disposes of a high quality intellectual product, skilled personnel, long-term experience and a good name in the market. However, it is recommended to consider the global publishing tendencies and experience, to evaluate the barriers that influence practice efficiency and their proportion to benefits granted by the status so that the maximum potency in the market could be exploited and the MELC could be assumed as a representative example.
Publication of The Lithuanian Manuscript Heritage in Digital Space: Analysis of Digitized and Publicly Accessible Collections from The Technical Perspective
Authors: Gudinavičius Arūnas
Published: January 2019

The paper identifies the already digitized and publicly accessible online manuscript heritage collections (websites) in Lithuania. The object of research was the quality of digitized manu­script heritage collections, i.e. any manuscripts collections, archives, sets presented in the form of a website, published and publicly available on the Internet. A correlation among good practice standards and international recommendations is analyzed. The analysis is based on the MINERVA quality principles for cultural heritage sites. It is concluded that the weakness of the Lithuanian websites is their maintaining and continuity, their strong sides being the quality of techno­logical execution. The current situation is stated (compilers of current projects, the published and publicly available collections) and recommenda­tions for the future projects are formulated.
Audiobooks on Compact Discs in Lithuania
Authors: Gudinavičius Arūnas , Naktinytė Laima
Published: January 2019

The object of the article is audiobooks on compact disks that have been published in Lithuania in 2000–2009. The aim of the work was to explore the publishing scope of audiobooks on CDs in Lithuania and the repertoire of these books.After analysing theoretical materials, the conception of an audiobook has been formulated and the main classification criteria have been distinguished. Audiobooks on CDs that have been published in Lithuania in 2000–2009 have been analysed in different aspects. The analysis of statistical data and repertoire of audiobooks enabled to determine the current situation of their publishing and to estimate perspectives for the future. The conclusion is that audiobooks are not very common and not very widely used in Lithuania. These are the reasons why the scope of publishing this kind of books is not large. The biggest part of their repertoire is audiobooks for children and for language learning.
KNYGA IR DOKUMENTAS: KLAUSIMO KAINA
Authors: ДОВНАР ЛАРИСА
Published: January 2019

Белорусский государственный университет культуры и искусств Кафедра теории и истории информационно-документных коммуникаций ул. Рабкоровская 17, Минск, 220007, Республика Беларусь E-mail: loradounar@gmail.com Понятия «книга» и «документ» рассматриваются в историко-культурном контексте гносеологического подхода. Основное внимание сконцентрировано на проблемах сущностного порядка в соотношении книги и документа, которые представлены с точки зрения моральной ответственности формирования научных концепций и развития цивилизационных процессов: их ценности и значимости, духовности, нравственности, свободы слова, активности и пассивности, публичности и предназначения, управления бытием и творение бытия. Основной акцент – на автономности «книги» через её познание в книжной культуре в единстве материального, духовного и художественного.
PERSONALINĖS BIBLIOGRAFINĖS INFORMACIJOS SPECIFIKA IR FUNKCIJOS
Authors: RAUDYTĖ NIJOLĖ
Published: January 2019

On the grounds of the writings and publications of Lithuanian and foreign bibliography research workers as well as the empirical material of the author’s study, the article deals with the situation of personal bibliographic information resources in Lithuania, their functional possibilities and the specifics of their practical use. Referring to the fact that the essence of personal bibliographic information is the reflection of a personality’s intellectual and creative potential, attention is drawn to the functions performed in the sociocultural system and to their connection with the methodology of compiling these resources. The increasing volume of publishing Lithuanian printed personal bibliographic information resources demonstrates their popularity. However, nowadays it becomes more and more obvious that the processes of their preparation are not effective, and also the methodology is a subject of dispute. In such a situation, it means that the possibilities of the practical use of personal bibliographic information resources become limited, and often the resources cannot fully serve their true purpose. Thus, we may come to the conclusion that at present a new systemic approach to personal bibliographic information, its specific functions and features as well as the corresponding methodological solutions are necessary. All the processes of preparing and functioning personal bibliographic information resources shall be aimed at reveling their functional possibilities.
PRIEIGA PRIE DOKUMENTŲ VALSTYBĖS ARCHYVUOSE: TEORINIAI ASPEKTAI
Authors: KONTRIMAVIČIENĖ DANUTĖ
Published: January 2019

Access to documents accumulated at state-owned archive repositories is a topical area of scientific research in archivistics. When the paradigms of archivistics shift, the meaning of access to records as well as its place in archival research undergo changes.In the late 20th – early 21st c., archivistics have been moving towards the stage of a postmodern science, and in vigorous discussions of researchers on archivistics paradigms access is reflected as one of the key phenomena of the archival science. When examining access to records, a synonymous term “accessibility” has been established, meaning a granted right (enforced by relevant legislation) to get acquainted with records and availability of the finding aids. Theo Thomassen’s post-preservation or post-modern archivistics, Angelica Menne-Haritz’s access paradigm, Ivano Szekely’s four paradigms of the archives history provide a basis for the access phenomenon in archivistics. Since the object of the archival science has shifted towards archival information, its goal becomes a quality access to information. Access is the mechanism enabling to reach information. Access to documents means the possibility, assured by legislation, of access to information contained within the records, and the existence of appropriate finding aids.At present, following Ivan Szekely’s viewpoint, Lithuania’s state archives could be ascribed to the Public Paradigm, because the Internet access to the documents at state archives is not widespread and not well developed. Therefore, we could state that we are moving to the period of the Global Paradigm.Access to documents may be examined in physical, intellectual, and social aspects.
PIRMIEJI BANDYMAI KAUPTI SENOSIOS LIETUVIŲ IŠEIVIJOS DOKUMENTINĮ PAVELDĄ JAV
Authors: MISIŪNAS REMIGIJUS
Published: January 2019

Since regaining independence in 1990, the history of Lithuanian emigration has become a significant object of scientific research but the old Lithuanian emigration to the USA from the end of the 19th century up to 1948 remains analyzed very little. One of the main reasons is the lack of archival materials. The aim of this study was to analyze the first attempts to collect and preserve the heritage of the old emigration.The limited amount of periodicals, archives and author’s personal research show that the attempts to establish a heritage preservation institution failed due to the foreseen challenges of sustaining such organisation abroad. Some heritage has survived because it was gathered in personal archives and later transferred to religious institutions. A significant amount of activists saw it as an unreliable way of preservation; therefore, many of them entrusted their collections to other Lithuanian institutions during the 1918–1940 independence. Most of them were transferred to the Vytautas Magnus University in Kaunas.The Soviet occupation of Lithuania in 1940 brought new challenges to preserving the heritage. With the wave of new immigrants who arrived to the USA after 1948, the World Lithuanians’ Archive in Chicago was established, and the heritage of the old emigration was collected by collectors such as B. Kvirklys and K. Pemkus. Nevertheless, a significant amount of collections was lost after their owners’ death.
Digital Book and Its Evolution
Authors: Gudinavičius Arūnas
Published: January 2019

Based on the analysis of scientific papers and sources, the presumptions on the future of digital book are analyzed and most important of them are picked out: the birth of the digital computer (as the medium of the digital book reading and creating), the rise of hypertext (as a new influence upon reading and writing digital books) and the foundation of the internet prototype (as a new medium for publishing and accessing digital books). The most important facts in the history of digital book are picked out and analyzed.According to product life cycle theory, the evolution of the digital book is proposed to be divided into several stages: the stage before the digital book (the presumptions of origin, 1946–1971), the beginning of the digital book (first stage, 1971–2001), and the growth of the digital book (second stage starting from 2001).The present situation of the digital book in the product life cycle is shown and some future prognoses are presented.
TARPTAUTINĖS KNYGOTYROS KONFERENCIJOS MOKSLO KOMUNIKACIJOS POŽIŪRIU
Authors: BLIŪDŽIUVIENĖ NIJOLĖ
Published: January 2019

The article focuses on the experience of Lithuania in international bibliological conferences organized by the Department of Book Science at the Faculty of Communication of Vilnius University in the light of research and knowledge. The analysis of geographical and thematic coverage as well as of organizational issues shows that these conferences have their specific characteristics and can be treated as a phenomenon of scientific and social communication.
MARTYNO JANKAUS ATSIMINIMAI APIE LIETUVIŠKŲ KNYGŲ KONTRABANDĄ: PIRMASIS BANDYMAS
Authors: KAUNAS DOMAS
Published: January 2019

Vilniaus universiteto Knygotyros ir dokumentotyros institutasUniversiteto g. 3, LT-01513 Vilnius, LietuvaEl. paštas: domas.kaunas@kf.vu.lt
DISKUSIJA BIBLIOTHECA LITUANA TERMINO KLAUSIMU
Authors: PACEVIČIUS ARVYDAS
Published: January 2019

Vilniaus universiteto Bibliotekininkystės ir informacijos mokslų institutasUniversiteto g. 3, LT-01513 Vilnius, LietuvaEl. paštas: arvydas.pacevicius@kf.vu.lt
TARPTAUTINĖ KNYGOTYROS KONFERENCIJA VILNIUJE
Authors: FOMINAITĖ MARTA
Published: January 2019

Vilniaus universiteto Knygotyros ir dokumentotyros institutasUniversiteto g. 3, LT-01513 Vilnius, LietuvaEl. paštas: marta.fominaitė@kf.stud.vu.lt
SVARBI MONOGRAFIJA APIE PROFESORIŲ VACLOVĄ BIRŽIŠKĄ
Authors: ZAVECKIENĖ ŽIEDŪNĖ
Published: January 2019

Žemaitės g. 7–94, LT-03119 Vilnius, LietuvaEl. paštas: sigita.zaveckaite@gmail.com
LATVIJOS BIBLIOTEKŲ ISTORIJOS TYRIMAI: AUTORIAI IR PUBLIKACIJŲ TEMOS (XVIII–XXI A.) (RUSŲ K.)
Authors: ZANDERS VIESTURS
Published: January 2019

ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ИСТОРИИ БИБЛИОТЕК ЛАТВИИ: АВТОРЫ И ТЕМАТИКА ПУБЛИКАЦИЙ (XVIII–XXI в.)
ВИЕСТУРС ЗАНДЕРС
PезюмеЦель данной статьи – дать ретроспективный обзор основных тенденций развития изучения истории библиотек Латвии. Развитию Рижской городской библиотеки (осн. в 1524 году) посвящено большинство публикаций XVII – перой половины ХХ века: очерки преподавателя Рижской Домской школы И. Ф. Виллиша (1743), рижского патрициата И. К. Беренса (1792), статьи историков А. Белендорфа (1901) и Н. Буша (1911). Фактологически полезная информация для изучения истории народных (публичных) библиотек Латвии обобщают публикации учителя Я. Кришканса и активного организатора профессионального сообщества библиотекарей Т. Ливентала (первая четверть ХХ века). Более широкое использование архивных документов характерна для исследований по истории библиотек, написанных после Второй мировой войны.В 60-80-х гг. наряду с историками (Г. Енш, М. Лацис, Б. Бригере и др.) все более важное место в кругу авторов занимают также сотрудники библиотек (Ф. Ранцанс, М. Клуце и др.). После восстановления государственной независимости Латвии в 1991 году расширилась исследовательскаятематика (например, советизация библиотек Латвии и опыт работы библиотек латышской эмиграции), а также возможность участвовать в международных исследовательских проектах. В 2005 году была защищена первая докторская диссертация по истории библиотек данного периода (Я. Дреймане).Ключевые слова: библиотека, история библиотек, Рижская городская библиотека, Государственная библиотека Латвии.
SKAITMENINĖS HUMANITARIKOS IŠPLĖTIMO SEMANTINIAME ŽINIATINKLYJE GALIMYBĖS: KROATIJOS VIDURAMŽIŲ RANKRAŠČIŲ, INKUNABULŲ IR JŲ FRAGMENTŲ ATVEJO ANALIZĖ
Authors: TOMIĆ MARIJANA , WILLER MIRNA
Published: January 2019

The article deals with the research on and description of medieval manuscripts and incunabula and their fragments as part of the digital humanities project in the context of the Semantic Web. It first describes the case study of Croatian medieval manuscripts and incunabula proposed as a research project by the Department of Information Sciences, University of Zadar. The focus of the project was directed at the selection of data elements required for detailed description of the mentioned material and their standardization using ontologies developed by the old and rare book community’s disciplines such as bibliography, codicology, palaeography and typography. A brief introduction to the technological infrastructure of the Semantic Web and its standards follows, with a detailed description of methodology to publish a selected vocabulary in one of the metadata registry services. This section of the article concludes with the RDF graph for the partially reconstituted record of a fragment description as an example of publishing linked open data. As each of the mentioned disciplines uses its own value vocabularies or ontologies, it is suggested that mappings between their terms is designed using SKOS rules, rather than aiming at the use of one common vocabulary.
TIPOGRAFIKOS ĮTAKA KNYGŲ VIZUALINEI KOMUNIKACIJAI: KNYGOS DAILININKŲ POŽIŪRIS
Authors: BAKUTYTĖ JUSTINA
Published: January 2019

The rapid technological growth of the past few decades has introduced dramatic changes in publishing technology, accompanied by an ever-increasing access to that technology. Pu­blishing has largely moved from the print shop to desktop. With more people having to deal with publication design (whether in MS Word or in professional design software), general knowledge of typography has become more significant in their work. In addition, typography has been facing new challenges as “page media” (books, magazines etc.) are becoming increasingly visual in order to serve the needs of a visually mediated society. These changes caused the emergence of new approaches dealing with typography as a visual medium.The object of this article is the impact of typography on the visual communication of a book. The theoretical part describes the history of typography and visual communication theories. The analysis showed that typographic elements can carry symbolic meanings and for this reason, typography has to be analyzed in the fields of semiotics and medium theory. Conducted qualitative research was des­ignated to determine the predominant viewpoint amongst Lithuanian book designers on the topic.The following conclusions have been drawn: typography has a strong pictorial potential, various typefaces (or fonts) carry different connotations and have diverse influences on the readability, as­similation, interpretation, and impact of the words and concepts they represent. Thus, if a document is a perceptual object, readers actively make judgments as they look at the page. Their perceptions of that page and its typeface(s) are determined in part by their prior experiences and by the asso­ciations connected with those experiences. It follows logically that readers could ascribe persona to both the typeface and the text itself based on these perceptions and associations. Additionally, it has been observed that Lithuanian book designers use such techniques in their works. Nevertheless, Lithuania has not developed a strong typographic culture yet due to the lack of typographic tradi­tions and theoretical works regarding this field.This article can be useful for publishing houses and their book designers, students and teach­ers of book graphics, book design and typography. Based on the theoretical and empirical material collected in this work, further researches can be made analyzing typographic culture in Lithuania.
ASMENS ĮVAIZDIS XIX A. VILNIAUS KAPINIŲ EPITAFIJOSE: KOMUNIKACINIS ASPEKTAS
Authors: TOLKAČEVSKI KŠIŠTOF
Published: January 2019

Epitaph as a research source has attracted the attention of historians, art historians, architects, linguists, etc. All these scientists usually investigate epitaph within their field of inte­rest. However, semantic interpretation of an epitaph’s text enables us to gain more insights into its nature. An epitaph can be considered in the context of the Communication Sciences as a communi­cation tool because it conveys a certain message. Its primary purpose was to perpetuate and glorify the deceased by naming his/her virtues. It provides great opportunity to reconstruct not only the image of the person that lived in the period explored by using the features named. Furthermore, by reconstructing the social context of the person described in the epitaph we can better understand broader social-political settings of that time. Secondly, despite the fact that in the course of time an epitaph had slightly changed its structure and content, the purpose of devotion remained. In the text of the epitaph, a passer-by was asked politely in the name of a buried man to pray for his/her soul. The tradition to believe that prayers could relieve the suffering of a soul in purgatory and reach salvation was widely spread in the 14th–19th centuries. Last but not least, epitaphs were supposed to make an impact on the younger generation by presenting the virtues of a deceased man, inscribed in the text on the tomb.The last objective makes epitaph an exclusive means of communication, as in a certain region or in a particular society it becomes a carrier of information from one generation to the next. The text written (encoded) by one generation with the code that is used in a restricted area (e.g., the dates or shortenings, important for that region, etc.) is decoded by the next generation. The conveyed message was intended to instill and foster the values in the new generation. Due to all the above mentioned purposes of an epitaph, it can be called a multi-message.The 19th century is important in the history of the European cemeteries, as it was a period of massive establishment of cemetery sites outside the cities. As a result, solid mo­numents were built, with epitaphs inscribed on them. From then onwards not only the no­bles were those who could afford to build an epitaph, but local citizens as well. Many of these tombstones from the nineteenth century have survived to the present day. Therefore, epitaphs of the 19 th century are a great source revealing the image of the 19th century townsman. The main virtues that dominate in the texts of epitaphs, are related to being the patriot, who defends the Native land and responsibly fulfills his/her duties. One of the most important duties was to care for the family. In spite of the fact that the texts of epitaphs in the nineteenth century were copied on a mass scale, in many ways they preserved their exceptionality. However, the texts of epitaphs should be treated with responsibility, as in many cases epitaphs show the image of an ideal man.
KNYGRIŠYSTĖ – ATGYVENA AR VERTYBĖ?
Authors: KOLPAKOVAITĖ AURIKA
Published: January 2019

Vilniaus universiteto Knygotyrosir dokumentotyros institutasUniversiteto g. 3, Lt-01513 Vilnius, LietuvaEl. paštas: aurika.kolpakovaite@gmail.com
MAŽOJI SURDEGIO VIENUOLYNO ENCIKLOPEDIJA
Authors: RAZDORSKIS ALEKSEJUS
Published: January 2019

Rusijos nacionalinė bibliotekaSadovaja g. 18, Sankt-Peterburgas,191069 Rusijos FederacijaEl. paštas: razdor@nlr.ru
LEIDYBOS VERSLO RAIDA XVIII AMŽIAUS TALINE
Authors: REIMO TIIU
Published: January 2019

The aim of the article is to give an overviews of the development of publishing business in the 18th century Tallinn. It presents the most important groups of publishers and characterises their publishing articles. The article also analyses how the main characteristic features of European publishing of the time (subscription, authorship rights, contracts with authors) were adapted in Estonian publishing activities.KEYWORDS: book history, publishing, the 18th century, Tallinn, printer-publishers, booksellers, bookbinders, publishing companies, subscription, censorship.
ESTIJOS LEIDYBOS SEKTORIUS XX IR XXI AMŽIŲ SANDŪROJE: SKAITMENINIŲ KNYGŲ RINKOS RADIMASIS
Authors: MÖLDRE AILE
Published: January 2019

The article includes an overview of the development of e-publishing in Estonia. The treatment is based on the analysis and comparison of existing research, mainly student papers; statistical data from the database of Statistics Estonia and the National Library of Estonia, articles in the periodical press and homepages of various institutions.The beginning of the article presents the description of the publishing industry during the 2000s. In accordance with the development of economy the book production has moved from the peak in the mid-2000s to recession in 2008–2010. The declining market led to the decrease in print runs (since 2008) and book title production (since 2010). The number of publishers, however, increased even during the crisis. The small-language market is of no interest to international companies, so the book industry works on local capital.Estonia is characterised by early adoption and wide use of the Internet. The web publishing by organisations, associations and individuals is widespread since mid 1990s, but commercial publishers remained aside of this trend. As in many other European countries, especially small countries, the publishers were uncertain about the application of copyright in the digital environment and technological skill gaps. These worries were largerly overcome by the establishment of e-publishing service providers in 2010, which led to the take off in the publishing of e-books. The number of e-books produced and the sales have increased a number of times, but their share of the book market is rather marginal. The book buyers and readers still hold to traditional book form. The official cultural policy, however, favours e-books and supports different projects that provide free access to Estonian classical literature and modern authors.KEYWORDS: e-publishing, e-book, publishing industry, book title production, e-book market, Estonia.
SKAITMENINĖ KNYGA NEGAUSIOS KALBOS KULTŪROJE: MEDIJŲ TECHNOLOGIJOS IR SKAITMENINĖ VISUOMENĖ
Authors: MACEVIČIŪTĖ ELENA , NILSSON KERSTI , WILSON TOM , BERGSTRÖM ANNIKA , HÖGLUND LARS
Published: January 2019

The article describes a research project conducted in Sweden and its initial base-line results that were produced by investigating statistical data from general statistical sources, representative surveys of the Swedish population, and from public and academic libraries. The project looks into the change introduced into the book sector by e-books. Sweden was chosen as a special case – a country with a high literacy level and high penetration of information technology into everyday life of people. At the same time, the spread of e-books is at the very start and it seems that the diffusion of e-books, their production, distribution and use are affected by the problems characteristic of a typical small publishing markets.The authors present the goals of the project and the theoretical framework. The data were collected in 2012 and demonstrate the relatively low scale of e-book publishing and use. Libraries emerge as the main channel of access to e-books for readers. The usual problems of e-book production and distribution that are visible in other countries are observed in Sweden as well: e-books legally are not books, but services of licensed software and thus excluded from the privileges enjoyed by paper books; readers demand more e-books but are not ready to pay for them the same price as for traditional books and prefer to acquire them through free channels. Publishers seek to maintain the monopoly of e-book distribution and fear piracy. Libraries lose independence of acquisition and collection management. The choice of e-books by readers is determined by access to technology, age and education as well as reading habits.KEYWORDS: digital books, Sweden, publishing industry, reading, book distribution, libraries
VLADO ŽUKO ATMINIMUI SKIRTA NACIONALINĖ MOKSLINĖ KONFERENCIJA ANYKŠČIUOSE
Authors: LIEPAITĖ INGA
Published: January 2019

Vilniaus universiteto Knygotyros ir dokumentotyros institutas,Vilniaus universiteto bibliotekos Moksliniųtyrimų ir paveldo rinkinių centro Rankraščių skyriusUniversiteto g. 3, LT-01122 Vilnius, LietuvaEl. paštas: inga.liepaite@mb.vu.lt
DVIDEŠIMT ANTROJI SHARP KONFERENCIJA ANTVERPENE
Authors: BRAZIŪNIENĖ ALMA
Published: January 2019

Vilniaus universiteto Knygotyros ir dokumentotyros institutasUniversiteto g. 3, LT-01513 Vilnius, LietuvaEl. paštas: alma.braziuniene@kf.vu.lt
Quality Of Lithuanian Classical Fiction Ebooks User’s Approach
Authors: Grigas Vincas , Petraitytė Simona , Akstinaitė-Veličkienė Eglė
Published: January 2019

Digital book publishing is developed in accordance with proven methodologies, the quality of digital books keeps getting better and is aligned to the needs of digital generation readers. All kinds of libraries are gradually getting involved in digital book publishing, but this kind of acti­vity is still new and posing a variety of challenges. The aim of this article is to establish the activity of National libraries in EU member states in creating digital fiction and leisure books on the basis of their cultural heritage collections, and to evaluate the quality of these books from the user‘s perspec­tive. The objectives are to investigate how many National libraries of EU member states are creating digital fiction books on the basis of their cultural heritage collections; to evaluate the quality of these digital books according to A. Gudinavičius (2012) quality criteria for digital books (navigation, tech­nical aspects, information organization, privacy and security settings, etc.); to compare the quality of the books from different EU member states‘ National libraries and to measure the quality in 3 different devices: digital book reader, touchpad and personal computer.All 28 National libraries were questioned if they are creating digital books on the basis of their cultural heritage collections. Only Lithuanian, Hungarian and French National libraries create and provide free access to digital books in EPUB format. Six digital books (2 from each National library) were chosen for investigation.It was found that all 6 books meet the minimum quality requirements. Some sets of criteria, such as the pleasure to read, visual appearance, are rated not as good as navigation, privacy and security settings. Given the fact that these books are published for leisure reading, developers of digital books should pay more attention to visual solutions, so the book quality could be higher.Among the 3 EU member states (Lithuania, Hungary and France) French digital books have the highest quality. The visual appearance of these books almost equal commercial publishers‘ digital books. Meanwhile Lithuanian and Hungarian digital books lack the visual perfection, attention to details, which have a major impact on satisfaction and willingness to continue reading the book.It was found that the most proper device for reading digital books is Apple iPad, because it pro­vides maximum functionality and aesthetics. Less functional is Nook digital book reader, although it also renders the book well enough. Reading books using personal computer is least comfortable, because Adobe Digital Editions 2.0 software provides the user with extremely limited functionality options.In summary it can be stated that the first steps taken by libraries in creating digital books in EPUB format are successful. If the weaknesses emphasized in this study were removed, the users could get a high-quality final product which would be attractive for members of digital generation.
LIETUVOS ŽYDŲ RELIGINĖ KNYGA 1928–1940 METŲ „BIBLIOGRAFIJOS ŽINIOSE“
Authors: JUONYTĖ ŽIVILĖ
Published: January 2019

The object of this article is Lithuanian Jews' religious books, printed in Hebrew or Yid­dish in the Lithuanian territory in 1928-1940 and included in issues of the magazine “Bibliografijos žinios”, published by the Lithuanian Bibliographical Institute. The article analyzes the polygraphic base, repertoire and features of Jewish religious books through their reflection in “Bibliografijos žinios”. In addition, the article also aims at evaluating "Bibliografijos žinios" as a source of bibliographical information and its possible usage in future research.“Bibliografijos žinios” was the only interwar publication that aimed to systematically re­cord Lithuania's multilingual printing productions. 136 Jewish religious books were reflected in the interwar period in “Bibliografijos žinios”. Analysis of their bibliographical information revealed that Movšovičiaus and Kagano printing house in Kėdainiai had produced most of the Jewish religious books, while the temporary capital Kaunas with Joselevičiaus and other printing houses remained in second place. On average, 10–11 religious books were published yearly. Most religious books were printed in Hebrew, and several in Yiddish. Lithuanian language was occasionally used to present minimal information about the book in its title or cover pages. Explanations and comments of Tal­mud amounted to almost half of all publications. Another rich group of interwar Jewish religious books was lessons and preaching of rabbis. Many of these books were original works, written by local religious authorities.Several disadvantages, related to Jewish books' reflection in “Bibliografijos žinios”, including, but not limited to inaccurate transcription and incomplete data, were found during the analysis. Conse­quently, further research of the Jewish books in Lithuania is advised to use additional information sources along “Bibliografijos žinios”.
KINTANČIO PASAULIO REFLEKSIJA KRISTIJONO DONELAIČIO „METUOSE“: ANTIKINĖS IR PROTESTANTIŠKOSIOS GAMTOS FILOSOFIJOS KONTEKSTAI
Authors: POCIŪTĖ DAINORA
Published: January 2019

In the article the famous poem “The Seasons” written in Prussia by the Lithuanian poet Kristijonas Donelaitis (1714 01 01 – 1780 02 18) is considered as a poem based on the classical tradition of the description of the seasons. In this most famous work of the Lithuanian literature one can note the principles of Aristotelian philosophy of nature. The Lutheran educational system to which Donelaitis belongs, was also to a large extent influenced by the teaching of Melanchthon who was Aristotelian. Melanchthon considered the nature studies as one of the main subjects while his aristotelism was modified according to the teaching of Christian philosophy and contained a strong element of providential optimism as well as other Protestant values. The Aristotelian and Melanchthonian philosophy of nature is the background of Donelaitis’ reflection on nature. Nevertheless, the imagery of Donelaitis’ philosophy of nature is based not on pure philosophical categories but on the observations of the daily life of Lithuanian countryside in East Prussia. Such topics as a permanent motion of the world, the sudden change from “the all” to “the nothing”, the declination of life are the dominating tendencies of the reflection on nature in “The Seasons”by Donelaitis. Anyway, the Lithuanian poet does not suggest that the radical human responses to nature’s instability (i. g. weeping of Heraclitus or the laughing of Democritus) are proper to the pious and modest Christian life.
KRISTIJONO DONELAIČIO „METŲ“ VERTIMAI Į LATVIŲ KALBĄ XIX A. ANTROJE PUSĖJE–XX AMŽIUJE
Authors: ZANDERS VIESTURS
Published: January 2019

It took quite a long time for the poem `The Seasons” by Kristijonas Donelaitis to have a full translation in Latvian – up to the second half of the 20th century. The first translation – some fragments of the poem – were made by a pastor in Kurzeme, Carl Friedrich Watson, and published in the twenties of the 19th century. The first thorough publication about K. Donelaitis himself was written by Andrejs Dīriķis (in 1874) who regularly covered Lithuanian culture in Latvian press in the seventies and eighties of the 19th century. The translation of “The Seasons” made by the Latvian poet Rainis in the eighties of the 19th century unfortunately has not survived. In the thirties and forties of the 20th century the translation of the poem was initiated by the writer and promoter of Latvian – Lithuanian cultural ties Emīls Skujenieks. In 1963 and 2006 two different versions of translation made by the poet Paulis Kalva were published. The recent publications of comparative literary studines give us evidence, that further research of the translations in Latvian of the Donelaitis poem, especially using new sources, is rather promising.
DVI ASMENINĖS BIBLIOTEKOS–VIENA VIZIJA: SIMONAS DAUKANTAS IR JURGIS PLATERIS
Authors: BONČKUTĖ ROMA
Published: January 2019

The attempts of this article to delineate the origins of the modern perceptions of the Lithuanian culture and literacy are based on the consideration of Daukantas’ library catalogue Te tytuły ksiąg w tym Rejestrze spisanych znajdujące bez krzyżykow są darowane Panom Dowkontom Mitkajckim Pana Andrzeja Dowkonta synom w roku 1852 gim przemnie Szymona Dowkonta and Domas Kaunas monograph Bibliotheca Georgii Comitis de Plater. Simonas Daukantas and Jurgis Plateris are the first intellectuals, whose works contain ideas, heavily influenced by the culture of the Eastern Prussia. Although Daukantas and Plateris were Catholics, they were highly influenced by the history of Eastern Prussia and the Lithuanian writings of Lutherans. While studying in Vilnius University, Daukantas and Plateris were students of prof. Ignacanas Onasevičius who encouraged his disciples to study not only the history of Lithuania but also the history of Eastern Prussia. Thanks to his influence, Daukantas and Platerys were more inclined towards the works of Lietuvininkai – Lutheran Lithuanians living in Prussia – unlike other intellectuals of the Great Lithuania. Having been familiarized with the culture and history of Eastern Prussia, they were more predisposed to the diction of Lutheran writings; their example inspired them to advance the written language of the Great Lithuania. Daukantas and Plateris agreed that both the Prussian and Latvian writings were significant for the development of the written Lithuanian language because of their close relation to it. Both of these men accumulated books not only about the Lithuanian but also about Prussian and Latvian languages. They concurred that the intellectuals of the Great Lithuania had to be united and an institute must be established, where books of appropriate content would be published and where people would be educated in the Lithuanian language.
AUŠRININKO ANDRIAUS VIŠTELIO RANKRAŠTINIO PALIKIMO KELIAS Į LIETUVĄ
Authors: PETREIKIS TOMAS
Published: January 2019

The article reconstructs the path of the Lithuanian newspaper “Auszra” publisher Andrius Vištelis’ manuscript legacy to Lithuania. It indicates individuals and organizations that took care of the legacy protection. The epoch of “Auszra” newspaper universally magnetized the Lithuanian intelligentsia; therefore, the creations of “Auszra” publishers were seen as a significant legacy of the Lithuanian National Revival rather than narrow scientific or artistic values. Basically no selection criteria were applied to their creation; consequently, despite the difficult life circumstances of A. Vištelis, his manuscript legacy is quite well preserved – only four well-known sources are considered missing. Three main paths are distinguished in the history of the manuscript legacy concentration of the “Auszra” Publisher in Lithuania: 1) via the publishers of “Auszra” newspaper; 2) via the American Lithuanians; and 3) via his wife Adolfa Wysztele wska. Via the first path (mainly through the efforts of Martynas Jankus) a bundle of letters from A. Vištelis to Jurgis Mikšas, two creative manuscripts and one proclamation reached us. The active efforts of the American Lithuanians Petras Mikolainis and Motiejus Damijonaitis guaranteed that one creative manuscript, a few letters and a set of read newspapers with comments of “Auszra” publisher survived to our days. The third path was the most favourable: a sufficiently rich archive of A. Vištelis was assembled and then transferred by the Lithuanian Scientific Society to its heirs. Currently the majority of Lithuanian legacy of “Auszra” publisher (approximately 40 manuscripts) is stored in the Library of the Institute of Literature and Folklore. Considerably fewer manuscripts of A. Vištelis can be found in the Library of Vilnius University (2), the Wroblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences (1) and the Wojciech Kętrzyński Research Center in Olsztyn (Poland) (1). A part of the archive and probably several creative manuscripts of A. Vištelis still remain in Poland.
BERNARDO BRAZDŽIONIO MEMORIALINĖS BIBLIOTEKOS KNYGŲ PERIPETIJOS
Authors: IVANAUSKIENĖ JŪRATĖ
Published: January 2019

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JONO VYTAUTO NISTELIO KNYGŲ KOLEKCIJA ŠIAULIUOSE
Authors: KASPARAVIČIENĖ NIJOLIA
Published: January 2019

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TOMO VENCLOVOS KNYGŲ KOLEKCIJA LIETUVOS NACIONALINĖJE MARTYNO MAŽVYDO BIBLIOTEKOJE
Authors: BUDRIŪNIENĖ JOLANTA
Published: January 2019

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TRADICIJŲ, RELIGIJOS IR DORINIO AUKLĖJIMO ĮTAKA XIX AMŽIAUS PRADŽIOS DALMATIJOS KNYGŲ LEIDYBAI
Authors: Lakuš Jelena
Published: January 2019

The aim of this article is to investigate the character of book production in Dalmatia from 1815 when Dalmatia became an integral part of the Austrian Empire until the middle of the 19th century, the period dominated by the re­pressive politics of Chancellor Metternich (1809–1848) and his severe system of censorship. At the time, the publishing business still overlapped with the printing activity and it was limited to only five publishing houses situated in Zadar, Split and Dubrovnik. The article shows the results of the extensive research made according to two criteria: the intensity and (dis)continuity of book production as well as its subject and genre variety and/or uniformity. The analysis is based on a database resulting from archival research as well as from consulting many bibliographical sources and library catalogues. It shows that compared with the Western European countries of the age, whose annual production was expressed in thousands, book publishing in Dalmatia was quite restricted not only in numbers but also in the variety of subjects and genres. Metternich’s rigorous censorship, which constrained and regu­lated not only book production but also the entire system of dissemination and consumption of the printed word, as well as a religious revival that the Catholic Church in Dalmatia experienced at the time, were undoubtedly the most important causes for such a traditional and conservative character. The religious authorities claimed that moral education and spiritual knowledge was still the main purpose assigned to the printed word, considering it to be their sacred duty to safeguard the purity of faith and take care of the moral of their faithful, while the state authorities wished to direct beliefs and atti­tudes of their citizens, keeping them within an acceptable moral and political framework that led towards loyalty and obedience.