bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
POTENTIAL USE OF BRASSICA OLERACEA L. (PURPLE CABBAGE) WASTE AS A VALUABLE SOURCE OF NATURAL COLORANT FOR THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY
Authors: M. Priyadarshini , Subash Anitha , A. Shobana , A. Sujatha
Published: March 2022

Wastes of domestic, organic, temple and agricultural origins such as rotten fruits, vegetable peels, flower trimmings and agricultural residues generate large amount of wastes. These wastes must be managed and disposed in an eco-friendly manner for a healthy well-being. If such wastes are not managed by proper means, they lead to various impacts on the environment and also on human beings or mankind. Hence, the main purpose of this work was to study the application of natural dyes obtained from Brassica oleracea L. (purple cabbage) waste extract on cotton fabrics. The components of Brassica oleracea L. were extracted using water and the extract was analysed for the qualitative phytochemicals. The amount of flavonoids and total antioxidant capacity of the extract were identified. Stability of the extract was checked against pH and temperature. The dyeing process was carried out using three different mordant techniques. The test for color fastness was assessed by subjecting the dyed cloth to sunlight and laundering. From our analysis, it was found that the purple cabbage waste extract showed good coloration out of the three different techniques. Pre-mordanting method gave significant results when compared to the normal cotton fabric. Thus, cotton dyeing using the natural extract exhibited moderate result on laundering with hot water and good colour fastness property with sunlight.
PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND EVALUATION OF THE BIOCONTROL ACTIVITY OF SELECTED LEAF EXTRACTS AGAINST THE RICE WEEVIL, SITOPHILUS ORYZAE
Authors: V. Yuvanandhini , R. Dhivya
Published: March 2022

Plants are considered to be the richest source of highly renewable natural insecticides. Specifically, botanical extracts provide an interesting alternative to synthetic pesticides and are safe and compatible. In the current study, isopropyl alcohol extracts of Nerium oleander and Datura stramonium leaves were tested for its efficacy in inducing mortality of rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae. The mortality percentage was tested at concentrations of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10%.The results were subjected to statistical analysis (Mean ± SD). Further, phytochemical analysis of the leaf extracts were carried out using standard protocols. Results of the biocontrol activity revealed that mortality rate increased with increasing concentration. Among the two leaf extracts, Datura stramonium leaf extracts exhibited maximum biocontrol activity. Datura stramonium leaf extracts when tested for the phytochemical revealed the presence of Alkaloids, Tannins, Steroids, Saponnins and Cardiac glycosides. It may be concluded on the basis of the result of present study that isopropyl alcohol extracts of plants have toxic effects with significant insecticidal effects.
IN VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC ROOT EXTRACT OF SOLANUM SURATTENS AGAINST CANDIDA SPECIES
Authors: Sharma Anil K. , Sharma Tek C. , Gupta Nitin
Published: March 2022

Candida is a kind of yeast that exists in the human body also and can cause infections if it grows in high amount. Solanum surattens also known as Solanum xanthocarpum is distributed to plains/lower hill region of India. The study was to assess invitro antifungal activity of methanolic root extract of Solanum surattens against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Candida krusei and Candida tropicali. Candidiasis is the most common infections. Based on the results, methanolic root extract of Solanum surattens might be a promising antifungal agent.
A REVIEW ON ISATIN AND ITS DERIVATIVES: SYNTHESIS, REACTIONS AND APPLICATIONS
Authors: Gandhi Priyanka V. , Burande Shubham R. , Charde Manoj S. , Chakole Rita D.
Published: March 2022

Isatin, also known as 1H-Indole-2, 3-Dione, is an eight-carbon containing endogenous compound found in nature. Erdmann and Laurent synthesized isatin in 1840, before it was discovered in nature. It is versatile and distributed in tissues and body fluids. Isatins have also been detected in mammalian tissue, and their function as a biochemical process modulator has been the focus of many debates. The isatin moiety also shows some important chemical reactions such as oxidation, N-Acylation, Friedel-Crafts reaction, N-Halogenation, etc. Antitumor, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, antiviral, anti-HIV, antioxidant, and CNS depressant functions are all possessed by simple isatin nucleus. Substituted derivatives of this compound also have these properties. The isatin derivatives are effective inhibitors of the urease and α-glucosidase enzymes. This review provides a brief overview on the some commonly used procedures to synthesize the isatin moiety and its derivatives, its physical properties, reactions and biological activities.
NANONIZED CURCUMIN IMPROVED ORAL BIOAVAILABILITY OF BROMOCRIPTINE THROUGH CYP3A ENZYME INHIBITION IN RATS
Authors: Alikatte Kankalatha , Dhurke Rajeshre , B. Sashidhar R.
Published: March 2022

Curcumin (CUR) a water insoluble dietary flavonoid and is reported to inhibit CYP3A4 enzyme. The objective of present study was to assess the effect of CUR and nanonized curcumin (NC) on bromocriptine (BRO) metabolism in rats. NC was prepared by antisolvent precipitation method and was evaluated for particle size and solubility. CYP3A inhibitory activity of CUR was assessed in vitro using erythromycin-N-demethylase (EMD) assay. CYP3A inhibitory effect of CUR and NC confirmed in vivo using pharmacokinetic study of midazolam. These findings were further confirmed by an in vivo pharmacokinetic study in which BRO was administered (10 mg/kg, p.o) to CUR and NC (60 mg/kg, p.o.) pretreated (10 days) rats and its plasma concentrations were determined by HPLC analysis. CUR significantly (p less than 0.05) inhibited CYP 3A activity in EMD assay. CUR and NC significantly (p less than 0.05) increased plasma concentrations of midazolam in dexamethasone pretreated rats. In addition, in vivo studies revealed that CUR and NC pretreatments significantly (p less than 0.05) increased Cmax and AUC and decreased CL/F of BRO compared with BRO group.NC pretreatment may increase the bioavailability of BRO which could be mediated through the inhibition of CYP 3A enzymes.
OXIDATION OF VANILLIN BY IODATE IN AQUEOUS ACETIC ACID MEDIUM: A KINETIC AND MECHANISTIC STUDY
Authors: Sathish T. , Parusharamudu M. , Manjari P. Sunitha
Published: March 2022

The kinetics and mechanism of the oxidation of vanillin by iodate in aqueous acetic acid medium is studied. The reaction exhibits first order in [Iodate], fractional order in [vanillin] and [acid]. Variation of ionic strength had no effect on the reaction rate. Increase in the reaction rate by a decrease in the dielectric constant of the medium is observed. The reaction was studied at four different temperatures and the related activation and thermodynamic parameters were calculated. The product of oxidation was confirmed as vanillic acid by spectral analysis. Based on the results a plausible mechanism has been proposed and the appropriate rate law has been derived.
QUALILATIVE SCREENING AND EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ARTOCARPUS HETEROPHYLLUS BARK
Authors: Yadav Neelu , Saxena Jyoti , Maheshwari Mamta
Published: March 2022

The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the phytochemical constituents, free radical scavenging activities and antioxidant properties of the chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extract of bark of Artocarpus heterophyllus. The phytochemicals in the chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol extract of bark of A. heterophyllus were determined qualitatively and quantitatively using standard methods. The antioxidant activities were carried out by DPPH free radical scavenging assay and reducing power assay. The methanol extract of A. heterophyllus showed good radical scavenging activities and reducing power activities which were found to increase with the increasing concentration of the extract. The study indicated that the presence of the major phytochemicals viz. flavonoids and phenols in the methanol extract of A. heterophyllus were 86.75 mg/g and 524.86 mg/g, respectively. The present study revealed that the methanol extract of leaves of A. heterophyllus showed significant antioxidant activities as well as phenolic and flavonoidal content.
EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT POTENTIAL OF GREEN SYNTHESIZED TABEBUIA PALLIDA SILVER NANOPARTICLES
Authors: Jayachandran Priyanka , Ilango Suganya , Nirmaladevi Ramalingam
Published: March 2022

Plant mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles has gained much importance in the current scenario. In this study, Tabebuia pallida leaves were used as a reducing agent for the sunlight mediated green synthesis of silver nanoparticles. The formation of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by UV-Vis spectroscopy which exhibited absorption maxima at 450 nm which is the characteristic of silver nanoparticles. Further, the characterization of the silver nanoparticles were carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope, Dynamic Light Scattering, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The size of the synthesized silver nanoparticles was found to be ranging between 31.76 nm-50.36 nm and is spherical in shape. The crystalline nature of the synthesized nanoparticles was confirmed by x-ray diffraction. Furthermore, the green synthesized silver nanoparticles were evaluated for their free radical scavenging activity using DPPH Radical Scavenging assay, ABTS radical scavenging assay, Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, Reducing Power assay and Nitric oxide radical scavenging assay compared with the standard antioxidant Quercetin. Green synthesized silver nanoparticles exhibited a higher antioxidant activity against all the tested free radicals. From this evidences, it could be concluded that the green synthesized Tabebuia pallida silver nanoparticles can be used as a potential antioxidant for pharmaceutical applications.
COVID-19-A PANDEMIC IN NEED OF CONTROL
Authors: Bhutada Shweta , Maqsood Maryam , Jadhav Monika , Pavani A. , Bhagavanraju Mantripragada , Tatke Pratima
Published: March 2022

The recent ‘show stopper’ in the world of infectious diseases is the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). This infection, which presents itself with a risk of morbidity and mortality, has managed to shake the medical fraternity. This can be called the sister disease to the previously known severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS). The 2019- nCoV was first identified in late December 2019, in Wuhan, China and henceforth spread to multiple countries. The health care specialists were rushed in order to find a perfect diagnosis, treatment algorithm and prevention measures for such an unexpected pandemic. Monitoring the transmission trends in humans, understanding mechanism of infection, developing novel tests for detection of the virus with diagnostic guidelines, initiating clinical testing of activity of drugs to be used as potential treatment options as well as providing epidemiological isolation guidelines were some measures adopted by various nations, and are briefly addressed in this article. Apart from patients being treated, a matter of worry has been the risk the healthcare workers are facing, as they are vulnerable to becoming vectors or hosts of the viral infection. Hence, the minimal prescribed precautions those are obligatory for the professionals to be followed, alongside the general preventive measures have also been reviewed in this article.
FORMULATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF LIPID BASED NON-AQUEOUS NANO EMULSION FOR SELECTED NSAID
Authors: Bhagat Babasaheb V. , Rachh Punit R.
Published: March 2022

Oral administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is avoided in patients with disease like peptic ulcer, gastro esophageal reflux (GERD), irritable bowel syndrome. Administration of drug through topical route through the skin could reduce the above side effects associated with oral administered drug formulation. Hence, the aim of present study was to develop Nonaqueous Nanoemulsion (NANEs) of Naproxen for topical administration. NANEs is a multiphase colloidal dispersion heterogeneous system consist of fine nonaqueous polar solvent in oil dispersion with surfactant. NANEs of naproxen were prepared using high energy emulsification method, which break large micro droplets into nano size droplets. Drug-excipients Compatibility was studied by FT-IR. Rheology, Flow behavior, Viscosity, pH, Globule size, Drug content, in-vitro drug release of NANE were performed. For optimization of nonaqueous nanoemulsion Box- Behnken experimental design was implemented. The variables selected are phase volume ratio, surfactant concentration and stirring time. Data analysis showed that surfactant concentration and phase volume ratio significantly affect the viscosity of the formulation. From the present study, it can be concluded that a stable non-aqueous nanoemulsion can be obtained by using glycerin as dispersed phase, mineral oil as continuous phase and glycerol monostearate as surfactant, which can be used as vehicle for the water sensitive materials. This nonaqueous nanoemulsion has improved the stability of Naproxen and overcome the oral drawback associated with it.
ECO-FRIENDLY SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL EVALUATION OF POTENTIALLY ACTIVE Β-DIKETONE LIGAND AND ITS TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES
Authors: Korde Nanda S. , Shinde Ravindra S. , Kumdale Prashant G.
Published: March 2022

Diketones are key intermediates for the synthesis of core heterocycles such as isoxazole, pyrazole, flavones, triazole, pyrimidine and benzodiazepines. The β-diketone ligand and its transition metal complexes have been manufactured by ultrasound irradiation. The β-diketone is prepared by using Baker-Venkatraman rearrangement and characterized by physical, spectral and analytical data. The moieties β-diketone compound acts as bidentate ligand and co-ordinate with the transition metal atom through β-diketone system. The synthesized compounds have also been screened for in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity.
ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF LIGNIN DEGRADING BACTERIA
Authors: Ghosh Divya , Khan Saba , N. Sharadamma
Published: March 2022

Ligninolytic bacteria has remained an interesting research area from decades. Optimization of enzyme extraction from fungi is a tedious task, thus, focus has been shifted to bacteria which possess the capability to degrade lignin. This research assessed few bacterial isolates for ligninolytic and peroxidase properties for the utilization and degradation of lignin into its constituents. Five bacterial isolates were studied for their potentiality to degrade lignin using peroxidase enzyme. The isolates were sub-cultured numerous times to achieve pure strain. The screened colonies for lignin degradation were subjected to morphological and biochemical tests. Each of the isolate was evaluated for lignin degradation, total enzyme activity and total protein. Isolate 3 (C3) was found to be the potential bacterium in terms of growth rate (lignin degradation), activity (30.4 U/mL), and protein concentration (32mg/mL). Further C3 was identified as Arthrobacter sp. E147 which belongs to the family Micrococcaceae by 16S rRNA sequencing. The protein from each isolate was analyzed by SDS-PAGE. The potentiality of the aforementioned bacterial isolate for its industrial applications is abundant since there is a lack of information on organisms with such potential.
AN OVERVIEW ON CALENDULA OFFICINALIS LINN.: (POT MARIGOLD)
Authors: Sharma Shalini , Kumari Kavita
Published: March 2022

Since times immemorial, plants are considered as an important source for the treatment of a wide range of diseases. Herbal medicine is the study of pharmacognosy and the use of medicinal plants, which are the basis of traditional medicine. These herbal therapies are cost effective and free from any side effect. Although there are around 8,000 medicinal plant species used by different communities in India across different ecosystems, only around 10% of them (880 species) are in active trade. So, there is a need of exploration of plants for their medicinal efficacy. India has a very rich source of plants for healthcare to prevent different diseases and Calendula officinalis L. is among such aromatic herbs (family: Compositae), which is used in the traditional system of medicine i.e., Ayurveda, since long because of its rich ethnomedicinal importance. Calendula is commonly known as Pot marigold. It contained a good range of phytochemical constituents including essential volatile oils, saponins, triterpenes, triterpenoids, esters, flavonoid, steroids, carotenoids, amino-acids and polysaccharides. It is mainly used due to its various biological activities to treat various diseases and act as an analgesic, anti-diabetic, anti-ulcer and anti-inflammatory agent. It exerted many therapeutic effects including antibacterial, antifungal, anthelmintic, antiviral, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective and wound healing. It is also used as a cure for gastrointestinal disease, eye disease, skin injuries and cases of burn.
LIGNINOLYTIC PEROXIDASES: SOURCES AND APPLICATIONS
Authors: Rahi Deepak K. , Parmar Aruna S.
Published: March 2022

Ligninolytic extracellular enzymes including lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase have high redox potential and many biotechnological applications. The prospective applications of lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase span through a lot of sectors like textile industry, paper and pulp industry, dermatology, biorefinery and bioremediation. They have wide range of applications due to their versatility in degradation of phenolic and non-phenolic compounds. Over the years, ligninolytic extracellular enzymes have been studied but still research on these peroxidases seems to be lagging behind as compared to other peroxidases. Thereby, a documentation of sources and applications of lignin peroxidases and manganese peroxidases has been given in this review.
EFFICACY OF VERMICOMPOST ON GROWTH OF MULBERRY PLANT THROUGH AIR LAYERING
Authors: Preethee Saravanan , Kathireswari Palanisamy , Haripriya Saravana Kumar , Sanofar Mohamed Farook Ayesha , Deepthi Madathil Peedika , Saminathan Kulandaivel
Published: March 2022

Mulberry (Moraceae) is the type of seed plant grown in the deciduous trees and cultivated in numerous temperate regions. Air layering is the technique of plant propagation through cutting; wounding and layering are often performed. This study was conducted with the investigation of air layering survival growth of roots and other plant growth parameters in mulberry plant by using three different types of composts. Vermicompost is a nutritious natural fertilizer with plant obtainable form of macro and micronutrients, beneficial to soil microbes, nitrogen-fixing and plant growth regulators. Therefore, present experiment was undertaken in the Department of Zoology, Kongunadu Arts and Science, (Coimbatore) during the year 2019-2020. The healthy mulberry plants were chosen for practices of air layering by using three different types of vermicomposts i.e. Elephant Dung (100% ED), Cow Dung (100% CD), Elephant Dung + Cow Dung (50% ED + 50% CD) and soil were used as control in triplicates. Best results were achieved with elephant dung vermicompost recorded significantly higher values for rooted air layer length, number of primary roots and secondary roots, root shoot ratio, number of fruits and number of leaves. Hence the shoot length and Shoot weight greater in vermicompost of cow dung, but growth of the plants were recorded significantly higher in plants which treated with all vermicompost, when compared to that of control.
Usorska vlastelinska porodica Zlatonosović i njeno učešće u političkom životu srednjovjekovnog bosanskog kraljevstva
Authors: Mujkić Emil
Published: March 2022

Prelaz iz XIV u XV stoljeće u historiji srednjovjekovne bosanske
države obilježen je slabljenjem utjecaja kralja i jačanjem političke moći bosanske
vlastele. Jedna od porodica čiji utjecaj tada drastično raste su i Zlatonosovići iz
Usore. Rad obrađuje tridesetogodišnji period njihovog aktivnog učešća u
svakodnevnom političkom životu bosanskog kraljevstva. Pored osnovnih
podataka o ovoj porodici, poput nastanka, odnosno pojave na političkoj sceni,
historijsko-geografskih odrednica, rodoslova i bračnih veza, koji su iznijeti u
prvom dijelu rada, u drugom dijelu je napravljena usporedba dvojice
najistaknutijih Zlatonosovića, braće Vukašina i Vukmira. Obojica su, svaki na svoj
način, bili aktivni sudionici bitnih političkih i društvenih događaja iz prve tri
decenije XV stoljeća, a upravo u njihovom različitom pristupu politici možemo
potražiti uzroke brzog uspona i još bržeg nestanka porodice Zlatonosović sa
političke scene srednjovjekovne Bosne i regiona. Njihov primjer može poslužiti i
kao odličan izvor za razumijevanje kompleksnih odnosa bosanske vlastele i kralja,
utemeljenih na institucijama vjerne službe i vjere gospodske.
Djevojačka pećina prirodna i etnološka obilježja
Authors: Selimbašić Salih
Published: March 2022

U ovom radu autor želi da prikaže selo Brateljeviće i kultno mjesto
Djevojačku pečinu, smještenu na sjevernim padinama planinskog područja
Karaula, Garež i Smolin, čijom dolinom protiče mala rječica Bukovica. Pećina je
smještena zapadno jedan kilometar od naseljenog dijela sela Brateljevići oko 30-
40 metara iznad desne obale rječice Bukovica, koja je pritoka rijeke Drinjače. Širu
elaboraciju o Djevojačkoj pećini i Brateljevićima autor će donijeti u daljem tekstu ovog rada.
The Role of Deuterium-Depleted-Water as a Health Supplement
Authors: Reese Eric , Jobe Tom
Published: March 2022

This paper is a review of the published literature concerning the potential health benefits of Deuterium-Depleted-Water (DDW), focusing specifically on the potential efficacy of DDW in the role of cancer prevention and treatment. A review of studies using DDW to treat numerous cancer types has been completed and is summarized. Articles and publications that describe the potential benefits of the use of DDW as a general health and dietary supplement are also summarized.
Use of Corridors for Decision Making in Transportation Networks in Seismic Regions
Authors: Silva-Lopez Rodrigo , Baker Jack
Published: March 2022

This report presents the results of the study that proposes a retrofitting strategy to manage seismic risk via identification of what constitutes "Corridors” in transportation networks. We define a Corridor as a set of bridges that work together to ensure connectivity and traffic flow between areas of a region. We propose using a Markov clustering algorithm to detect Corridors, whereby it selects sets of bridges that correspond to highway and main road segments that are effective in reducing disruption when jointly retrofitted. We then use a two-stage stochastic optimization to identify corridors that can be retrofitted to efficiently reduce seismic risk. This two-stage stochastic optimization couples retrofitting actions over bridges in a Corridor with repair actions to damaged bridges after an earthquake. We observe that this Corridors-supported optimization approach yields better relative performance than retrofitting approaches that consider bridges as individual entities or rank them using PageRank. We also propose techniques for selecting parameters in the corridor selection step that perform well in the retrofit optimization.
Covid-19 Sürecinde Koruyucu Sağlık ve Hijyen Ürünlerinin Satışı ve Tüketimi Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: ÖNTÜRK AKYÜZ Hatice , AYTEKİN İbrahim
Published: March 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’de Covid-19 öncesi ve Covid-19 sürecinde koruyucu sağlık ve hijyen ürünlerinin satışı ve tüketimi üzerine bir inceleme yaparak bu ürünlerin tüketim hacmini karşılaştırmaktır. Materyal ve Metot: Çalışma veri inceleme ve yorumlama şeklinde planlanmıştır. Çalışma Türkiye İstatistik Kurumun (TÜİK) veri tabanından temin edilen koruyucu sağlık ve hijyen ürünlerinin satışı ve bu ürünlerin kişi başına düşen tüketimi üzerinedir. Çalışmada 2018-2020 yılları arasındaki dönem ele alınmış ve elde edilen bulgular karşılaştırılarak yorumlanmıştır. Çalışma veri incelemesi üzerine planlandığı için herhangi bir etik izne ihtiyaç duyulmamıştır. Bulgular: Türkiye’de 2019 yılında 56 milyon 50 bin adet maske satışı yapılırken, bu rakam Covid-19 salgının yaşandığı 2020 yılında 8 milyar 144 milyon 867 bin adet olarak gerçekleştiği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca Türkiye’de 2019 yılında kişi başına düşen maske tüketimi 0.7 adet iken, bu rakam Covid-19’un yoğun olarak yaşandığı 2020 yılında yaklaşık olarak 145 kat artarak 94 adete yükselmiştir. Türkiye’de 2019 yılında kişi başına düşen dezenfektan tüketimi ise 0.4 kilogram iken bu rakam Covid-19 salgının yaşandığı 2020 yılında 1.4 kilograma yükselmiştir. Son olarak Türkiye’de 2019 yılında kişi başına düşen kolonya tüketimi 0.4 litre iken bu rakam Covid-19 salgının yaşandığı 2020 yılında 1.2 litreye yükseldiği görülmüştür. Sonuç: Türkiye’de salgın döneminde bir önceki yıllara göre koruyucu sağlık ve hijyen ürünlerinin üretim, satış ve tüketiminde önemli derecede artış olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Bu durum salgın ve bulaşıcı hastalıklardan korunmada koruyucu sağlık malzemelerinin kullanımı ile hijyenin ne kadar önemli olduğunu ve geniş kitleler tarafından benimsendiğini bir kez daha ortaya koymuştur.
The Relationship Between Man And Nature Is A Ruling Theme In Robert Frost Poems
Authors: Selvi M.D. Thamarai , Malar Dr. Aruna Arputha
Published: March 2022

Robert Frost is a nature poet. He is a world of towering mountains and curving valleys, dense woods and leaf-strewn road. Season follows season. Trees shed their leaves in autumn. Snow falls fast and flakes piles deep everywhere in winter. Flowers blossom and melted snow boils in creeks and rivers in spring. The summer sum stimulates blueberry buds. Day follows night and night follows day. The sun shines and the stars glitter. In frost’s poetry nature is all pervasive, touching man’s life at every point. The relationship between man and nature is a ruling theme with Frost. Frost’s views on the relationship between man and nature are ambivalent. Man is nature’s preservers as well as destroyer. On the one hand, man and nature exist together, close to each other; on the other, they exist in different realms, remote from each other. Some poems reveal that nature is beneficent to man while others point out that it is indifferent and maleficent. At times man covers under the tyranny of nature, terrified; at others, he contends against it courageously and tries even to master it. Some of his persons look upon nature as a source of revelation while other reject this view and believe that nature has nothing to reveal. The actions of man toward nature are double-edged. As the preserver of nature, man assumes the stewardship; of his environment. As the destroyer of nature he plunders it.
Acceleration of Clean Energy Use Based on The 2015 Paris Agreement
Authors: Ariani Rini , Irwan Achmad , Rahayu Hamzani, Kanti
Published: March 2022

The adverse effects of climate change are a major threat to human life and the environment. Indonesia's participation in the 2015 Paris Agreement encourages changes in people's lifestyles to become environmentally friendly. Indonesia commits to reducing emissions before 2030 . The purpose of this study is to describe energy regulation within the scope of the provisions of national law and international law and to examine Indonesia's efforts to accelerate the use of clean energy based on the 2015 Paris Agreement. The approach used is normative. The data collection technique is through conventional literature searches and online and analyzed with qualitative data analysis because the data will be presented in a narrative-descriptive manner, not in numerical or numerical form. The results of the research show that the regulation of energy within the scope of national legal provisions is generally regulated in the Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 30 of 2007 concerning Energy. This law contains general problems of energy resources in Indonesia from philosophical, juridical, and sociological aspects. This law has the function of a legal umbrella for other laws and regulations that will regulate energy-related matters. Indonesia's efforts to accelerate the use of clean energy based on the 2015 Paris Agreement, namely by ratifying the 2015 Paris Agreement into Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 16 of 2016. To accelerate the use of new and renewable energy as clean energy, the Indonesian government issued a Draft Presidential Regulation that regulates the purchase of new and renewable energy. clean energy electricity and several other efforts.
Analysis of Nias Cultural Values in Nias Folklore
Authors: Waruwu Ermina , Sinaga Dolli Rotua , Simanungkalit Amelia , Manik Kresna Ningsih , . Carolina
Published: March 2022

Cultural values can be found through cultural traditions or oral literature that exist in society. One of the oral literatures is Nias folklore. Nias folklore has a main purpose and function in the social life of the community. The purpose of this study is to analyze the richness of the cultural values of the Nias tribe contained in 14 Nias folk tales. The method used is descriptive qualitative method with stages of data reduction, presenting data, and compiling research conclusions. The data obtained from the research stages were validated by triangulation. Based on the research method, it has been found that the cultural values contained in folklore are the value of the belief system, social system, knowledge system, language and communication symbol system, art, and the value of living equipment and technology systems. Based on the results of this study, the researcher suggests that every cultural wealth can be explored through various forms of oral literature. Because, every oral literature can be used as a source of value education, social institutions can even be used as local and national cultural wealth.
Prostate Cancer Screening Using a Quick One-Step PSA Test
Authors: Elsofy Amr Mohamed Mounier
Published: March 2022

Background and aim: A one-step prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test was studied in a large population to improve the convenience and lower the cost of prostate cancer (PC) screening. The PSA rapid test kit aids in the diagnosis of PC by detecting human PSA in serum or plasma at or above a threshold level of 4 ng/mL. The aim of this study is to screen PC using a Quick One-Step PSA Test.
Materials and Methods: Between July 2020 and August 2021, at National institute of urology and nephrology, Cairo, Egypt, Male attendees were offered PC screening utilizing the PSA quick test. A total of 305 men's blood samples were tested. The test was interpreted by two independent observers. Following that, the remaining serum samples were examined using a standard quantitative technique.
Results: Of 305 participants, 118 had a PSA value of less than 4 ng/mL, and 55 presented a PSA value higher than 4 ng/mL. A total of 63 participants had a PSA value between 4 and 10 ng/mL. A total of 12 participants presented a PSA value > 10 ng/mL; 10 was judged as positive. The intensity of the color reaction was implying a strong positive correlation between the two methods (correlation test: P< 0.0001).
Conclusion: The one-step test is a good preliminary screening method from which positive results may be quantified to provide a semi-quantitative estimate of the degree of PSA rise. The test is inexpensive, easy to do, and provides results in a timely manner.
Previsão de receitas públicas e resiliência financeira
Authors: CERON DE OLIVEIRA ROGERIO
Published: March 2022

Objetivo: este artigo busca responder como o grau de atingimento de receitas previstas no orçamento se relaciona com as discussões acerca de equilíbrio fiscal e resiliência financeira. O objetivo é responder, quantitativamente, se a capacidade de antecipação, medida pelo grau de atingimento de receitas previstas, está associado a resultados fiscais, em especial em períodos de crises econômicas.

Metodologia: a partir dos dados contábeis dos Estados e Distrito Federal, no período de 2015 a 2018, utilizou-se análise econométrica em dados em painel, sob efeitos fixos e aleatórios, visando encontrar associação entre a capacidade de antecipação, representada pela proxy grau de atingimento das receitas previstas no orçamento, e resultados orçamentários e poupança corrente.

Resultados: foi encontrada associação positiva e estatisticamente significativa a 1% entre o grau de atingimento de receitas totais e a variável dependente resultado orçamentário, assim como o grau de atingimento das receitas correntes previstas e a variável dependente poupança corrente. Entre as variáveis de controle destaque para a associação negativa e estatisticamente significativa a 1% entre o nível de despesa de pessoal no orçamento e resultado orçamentário e poupança corrente, corroborando a literatura sobre o assunto.

Implicações práticas: os resultados colocam luz sobre a importância do aperfeiçoamento dos instrumentos de previsão de receitas e de sua importância para a solidez fiscal, contribuindo para que os gestores públicos e legisladores se atentem a questão.

Originalidade e valor da contribuição: o trabalho evidencia quantitativamente a importância da capacidade de antecipação para a resiliência financeira dos entes subnacionais, o que em conjunto com as proxies adotadas para capacidade de antecipação, grau de atingimento das receitas totais e correntes previstas no orçamento anual, representam contribuição a literatura sobre o tema.
Impacto de medidas de gestão de pessoas sobre as despesas com pessoal
Authors: De Carvalho Casalecchi Alessandro Ribeiro
Published: March 2022

Partindo de dados previdenciários e da RAIS, simulamos o impacto de medidas de gestão de pessoas sobre as despesas com remuneração de servidores ativos (2022-2031), na União e nos estados. Diferentemente de Cavalcanti et al. (2020), baseamo-nos em coortes de ingresso nas carreiras. A PEC 32/2020, conhecida como Reforma Administrativa, serve de motivação para este exercício, muito embora os resultados não correspondam ao impacto fiscal da PEC tomada isoladamente. As medidas aqui analisadas serão, talvez, implementadas apenas futuramente, através de propostas legislativas de caráter infraconstitucional. Os resultados indicam que a despesa teria trajetória estável no cenário base (isto é, sem a adoção das medidas). A economia seria pequena no curto prazo, mas poderia atingir o acumulado de R$ 128 bilhões em 10 anos, dividida entre R$ 57 bilhões (União), e R$ 71 bilhões (estados). Como contribuição adicional, avaliamos a sensibilidade destas estimativas a diferentes parâmetros do ciclo laboral dos servidores.
Performance Comparison of PID and NARX Neural Network for Attitude Control of a Quadcopter UAV
Authors: KARAKAYA Şahin Ekmel , GOREN Aytac
Published: March 2022

ABSTRACT: In this study, two different types of controllers have been designed and tested for altitude and motion control of an autonomous quadrotor to compare the control performance under the influence of parametric uncertainty and disturbances. The first controller is a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller which is a conventional linear controller. The closed-loop PID algorithms calculate the results of the system by using the error values that consist of the difference between the sensor values measured by the closed-loop feedback method and the reference inputs. The second method that has been used is artificial neural network (ANN) algorithms, which provide both advantages and convenience in defining and controlling linear systems and non-linear systems with the closed-loop feedback method used in PID. The most important feature of the ANN algorithms is their high performance as a result of training with different input values. Therefore, the ANN control system has been trained with the input data used with Gaussian noise and the desired target data. A dynamic time series non-linear autoregressive with Exogenous input (NARX) neural network has been chosen as an ANN controller because of the time-delayed backpropagation learning performance. In this study, PID, and NARX NN control algorithms to control the maneuvers and altitude of the quadcopter and the mathematical model have been designed on Matlab Simulink. Motion control performances of the PID and NARX controllers are tested on the model. The design was tested on a real-time simulation environment with a one-millisecond fixed-step size. This paper proposes an alternative approach to control attitude and altitude on a quadcopter with the NARX NN algorithm.
Elektro Kıvılcım Biriktirme Yöntemi ile WC’nin Paslanmaz Çelik Üzerine Kaplanması İçin Bir Mekatronik Sistem Tasarımı
Authors: GÖKÇE Barış , ÇELİK Hasan
Published: March 2022

Günümüzde Elektro Kıvılcım Biriktirme (EKB) sistemleri ile yapılan uygulamaların otomotiv, kimya, uzay, tıp, gıda ve askeri alanlardaki kullanımı giderek artmaktadır. Bununla birlikte EKB ile kaplama işlemleri manuel olarak yapılmakta ve bunun için el kuvveti ve becerisi kullanılmaktadır. Bu sebeple, kaplama sistemlerinin otomatik olarak yapılabilmesi için kontrol teknolojisi ekipmanları ile donatılması ve çeşitli yardımcı sistemlerle birlikte kullanılmasının gerekliliği ortaya çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Elektro Kıvılcım Biriktirme yöntemi kullanılarak paslanmaz çelik üzerine otomatik kaplama yapmak için çok eksenli bir Mekatronik sistem tasarımı uygulanmıştır. Ayrıca bu sistem için iki farklı yardımcı tasarım belirlenerek üretilmiştir. Bunlar; Z ekseninde yay geri beslemeli kaplama sistemi ve ağırlık dengesi kontrollü kuvvet ölçüm geri besleme sistemleridir. Geliştirilen sistemde AISI 304 paslanmaz çelik yüzeyine volfram karbür (WC) kaplaması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Paslanmaz çeliğin kaplanması sırasında bilgisayar kontrollü olarak 100 µF, 80V ve 80 Hz olarak belirlenen parametrede, P:50, I:1.2, D:0,6 PID değerlerinde üç farklı kaplama deseninde otomatik kaplama işlemi gerçekleştirmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda ağırlık-denge analizleri ile mikro ve makro yapı analizleri yapılmıştır. Çalışmalar sonucunda paslanmaz çelik yüzeyinde istenilen 100 gram ağırlık kuvvet hassasiyetinde kaplamanın otomatik olarak yapıldığı gözlemlenmiştir. Manuel kaplamaya göre sürekli zamanda daha fazla kaplama işleminin otomatik olarak yapıldığı ve birim zamanda daha fazla verim sağlandığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Socio-Demographic Correlates of Biodiversity Perception: The Need for Environmental Education
Authors: Samraoui Farrah , Aouadi Abdallah , Samraoui Boudjéma
Published: March 2022

Algerian cities have experienced rampant urbanization for several years; this growth often occurs at the expense of natural habitats. Here, we present the results of the first census using a questionnaire focused on an urban pond in order to investigate the biodiversity perceptions in local attitudes, knowledge, and values. Our study reveals a general lack of understanding of biodiversity and ecosystem services, which may mislead local citizens to disconnect biodiversity from utilitarian or hedonic values. Furthermore, a large proportion of respondents perceived the wetlands as a nuisance. Equally important, the results among respondents indicate a significant gender bias due to a narrower window of opportunities (education, jobs, etc.) available to women than that which is available to men. The results point to an urgent need to implement policies aimed at inequality reduction and welfare improvement. Our study needs replication across the region, and its results should inform decision-makers in designing relevant policies associated with urban planning, investment in human capital, environmental education in school curricula, and the empowerment of women.
Exploring the Context Dependent Factors That Shape Teachers’ Practice of Quality Classroom Questioning: A Case of a Secondary School Setting
Authors: OLUOCH SAMUEL
Published: March 2022

Classroom questioning as one of the practices and tools at a teacher’s disposal in the teaching and learning process can be considered the strongest tool to teach students how to think. In the teaching and learning process, there is traditional questioning and quality classroom questioning. The purpose of this study is to explore the context dependent factors that shape quality classroom questioning practices manifested in the teaching and learning process in a form four class. The study used the Bloom’s taxonomy and the Information Processing model as theoretical framework for the study to analyze the quality of questions and activities used to direct learner attention, encourage thinking, and promote real learning. The study was based on interpretivist paradigm that is exploratory in nature taking a qualitative approach. It involved use of classroom observation, semi-structured interviews involving four teachers and six learners, and document analysis on departmental minutes, schemes of work, lesson observation forms and lesson plans to collect data. It was found out that the context dependent factors that shape questioning were found to include the classroom setting, examinations, pedagogical culture, and learners’ state of mind. Further studies are recommended to establish relationship between contextual factors and question presentation practices, and on the influence of contextual factors on cognitive level of questions and responses.
Quem é o dono da rua? A privatização dos espaços públicos pelos loteamentos fechados em Lagoa Santa e Nova Lima – MG
Authors: Marra Natália Cardoso
Published: March 2022

A discussão sobre a privatização do espaço urbano envolve a ocupação das cidades pelos loteamentos fechados. Ocorre que estes não possuem uma regulamentação federal, o que deixa os Municípios sem uma orientação de como lidar com este tipo de empreendimento e seus impactos. Esta situação é agravada quando os efeitos extrapolam a esfera municipal e atingem regiões metropolitanas. Diante deste cenário, o presente artigo apresenta uma discussão sobre o planejamento urbano regional e municipal, especialmente no que tange às regulamentações locais que autorizam a instalação de empreendimentos fechados. É problematizado quem seria o responsável pelas ruas nesses locais e pelos demais espaços públicos. O campo de estudo trabalhado se concentra em dois Municípios da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Nova Lima e Lagoa Santa. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa cujos métodos adotados foram o de análise teórica e de documentos, levantamento legislativo e entrevistas semiestruturadas com moradores das cidades analisadas e membros da Administração Pública. Este artigo apresenta, de forma comparada, diferentes maneiras que os Municípios estão buscando para tentar legitimar um modo de ocupação que já ganhou mercado, mas ainda não teve seus reflexos pensados no contexto de políticas públicas e do interesse coletivo.
Qualidade de vida e princípios do Direito Urbanístico
Authors: Carmona Paulo Afonso Cavichioli
Published: March 2022

Trata-se de artigo acerca da correlação entre qualidade de vida e os princípios do Direito Urbanístico brasileiro. Analisa-se, sucintamente, o conceito, a classificação e os principais aspectos da expressão “qualidade de vida”, bem como procura estabelecer parâmetros para aferi-la por meio de índices ou coeficientes. Em seguida, examinam-se os diversos princípios do Direito Urbanístico, tendo em vista o direito às cidades sustentáveis. Elencam-se, ainda, as funções elementares da cidade previstas na Carta de Atenas de 1933. Apontam-se, também, os diversos índices que indicam as melhores cidades e países do mundo. Ao final, conclui-se que o sistema de mensuração da qualidade de vida urbana tem estreita relação entre a oferta de serviços e recursos públicos e a medição do efetivo acesso da população aos referidos elementos.
Rede Nacional dos Conselhos de Direitos Humanos
Authors: IBDU Instituto Brasileiro de Direito Urbanistico
Published: March 2022

Rede Nacional dos Conselhos de Direitos Humanos. Recomendação conjunta nº 01/2020 da Rede Nacional de Conselhos de Direitos Humanos. Revista Brasileira de Direito Urbanístico - RBDU, Belo Horizonte, n.  10, a. 6, jan./jun. 2020.
A regularização fundiária de conjuntos habitacionais conforme a Lei nº 13.465/2017 e a função social da propriedade
Authors: Araujo Marina de Sousa Lima , Miyabara Julia Yumi Matsumae
Published: March 2022

Este artigo traz análises de casos nas quais foi utilizada a legislação vigente no país que regulamenta a Regularização Fundiária, buscando soluções jurídicas para resolução de conflitos, a fim de viabilizar a função social da propriedade, garantindo o direito à moradia. O trabalho procura refletir sobre os avanços e lacunas que a Lei nº 13.465/2017 trouxe como ferramenta principal na regularização fundiária de áreas irregulares há mais de quarenta anos no Estado de São Paulo. Contudo, por não prever todas as situações ou deixar a regulamentação para um segundo momento, essa lei vem sendo utilizada em conjunto com outras, aliada a articulações com atores locais de várias esferas de poder, o que pode comprometer o avanço da regularização dependendo das prioridades do poder local. Pretende-se demonstrar soluções a fim de evitar a judicialização dos procedimentos para formação de convencimento dos atores envolvidos no procedimento de regularização fundiária. Tenciona-se também definir quais suas responsabilidades e até que ponto a interferência das várias esferas de poder local, especialmente os Cartórios de Registros de Imóveis, pode retardar ou acelerar a tramitação dos ativos irregulares nos municípios, gerando os passivos de contencioso fundiário das cidades, o que aumenta o déficit habitacional e agrava o quadro de exclusão social e pobreza da população de baixa renda.
MENGEMBANGKAN ENTREPRENEURSHIP MELALUI KECAKAPAN HIDUP BERBASIS POTENSI LOKAL SEBAGAI MODEL PENGUATAN PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DI SEKOLAH ADIWIYATA
Authors: Mulyo Karso
Published: March 2022

Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif.Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode survey dengan langkah-langkah meliputi : 1)merumuskan masalah penelitian dan menentukan tujuan survei; 2) menentukan konsep danhipotesa serta menggali kepustakaan; 3) pengambilan sampel; 4) pembuatan instrumenpenelitian; 5) pekerjaan lapangan; 6) pengolahan data; 7) analisa dan pelaporan. Langkahlangkah strategis tersebutdipersiapkan untuk mengurangi pengangguran denganmengembangkan entrepreneurship didasarkan pada nilai-nilai kecakapan hidup ataukecakapan hidup berbasis potensi lokal serta mengacu kepada penguatan pendidikan karakterbangsa dalam berbagai kegiatan di sekolah seperti pada pembelajaran di kelas, kegiatanekstrakurikuler, maupun dalam kegiatan-kegiatan lainnya diharapkan dapatmenumbuhkembangkan jiwa pantang menyerah, etos kerja yang tinggi, mandiri, kreatif,inovatif dalam menciptakan karya-karya di segala bidang, sehingga pada akhirnya mampumenciptakan sumber daya manusia yang mumpuni bagi negara ini. Adapun berbasis potensilokal dimaksudkan agar kelak generasi muda dapat menjadi agen of change bagipembangunan di daerahnya sendiri.

Pengembangan unsur-unsur utama yang ada dalam entrepreneurship, yaitu: penerapankreativitas dan inovasi, pemanfaatan peluang, membuat perubahan, dan memberikan nilaitambah bagi diri sendiri dan orang lain dilaksanakan dalam bingkai sekolah adiwiyata denganmempertimbangkan hubungan erat antara unsur-unsur yang ada pada kecakapan hidup danpendidikan karakter. Nilai-nilai kecakapan dasar dan instrumental dalam kecakapan hidup dannilai-nilai religius, nasionalis, mandiri, gotong-royong dan integritas dalam pendidikankarakter