bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NON PHARMACOLOGICAL APPROACHES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF DIABETES MELLITUS
Authors: RAMAM SRIPADA  , HEMANTH KUMAR VANGALA  , SUDEEPTHI PADALA  , DASARATHA DHANARAJU MAGHARLA
Published: October 2020

Diabetes can be defined as a metabolic disorder characterized by resistance to the action of insulin, insufficient insulin secretion, or both. In this article, we reviewed about the non-pharmacological approaches in the management of diabetes mellitus that includes diet and stress management programs such as Pranayama, meditation, and exercises along with the lifestyle modification which has to be followed by the diabetics for the better management of diabetes in natural ways. By following, these approaches besides regular usage of medications one can lead a healthy life with very less complications. The quality of life can be increased in the patients who follow these methods when compared to those patients who do not consider any of these methods in their daily life. Not only the patient, a healthy individual but can also prefer these methods to prevent chronic diseases and make their day to day life happy and healthy.
BIOSYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY STUDY OF HEMIGRAPHIS COLORATA LOADED SILVER NANOPARTICLES
Authors: LIJI THOMAS  , SALEENA MATHEW
Published: October 2020

Objective: This study targeted at the synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effects of Hemigraphis colorata silver nanopartilces (HAgNPs).

Methods: The HAgNPs were photosynthesized and characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy. The in vitro anti-inflammatory properties of HAgNPs were assessed by evaluating inhibition of protein denaturation and membrane stabilization ability assay.

Results: HAgNPs exhibited an absorbance peak at 450 nm, characteristic for AgNPs, and their sizes ranged from 20 to 90 nm. The anti-inflammatory potential of HAgNPs when compared with H. colorata extract suggests that the AgNPs along with polyphenols and flavonoids from H. colorata can act as reducing or inhibiting agent on the release of acute inflammatory mediators.

Conclusion: The biologically synthesized HAgNPs could be of enormous use in the medical field for their proficient anti-inflammatory activity, which can be utilized as novel therapeutic agent for prevention and cure of inflammation due to biocompatible nature. This work clearly demonstrates HAgNPs as a budding source for anti-inflammatory drugs.
VITAMIN CONTENT OF MARINE RED ALGA CHAMPIA PARVULA
Authors: VINOTHKUMAR R  , MURUGESAN S  , SIVAMURUGAN V
Published: October 2020

Objective: The current investigation focuses on determining the vitamin content of marine red alga Champia parvula.
Methods: Vitamins were divided and analyzed using Milichrom A-02 LC and multiwavelength ultraviolet visible as a detector. A 2 mm (ID)×250 mm (l) column was used to filter comprising C18 in the inverse stage used for separation.
Results: The results suggest that the seaweed, C. parvula, contains 0.583±0.01, 3.43±0.01, 4.95±0.01, 1.95±0.01, 6.33±0.00, 174.74±0.01, and 15.75±0.01 μg of Vitamin A, B1, B5, folic acid, B12, C, and E, respectively, per gram of dry weight of the seaweed.
Conclusion: The findings indicate that the seaweed, C. parvula, has a higher nutritional value and could be used as great dietary supplements for vitamins.
PREVALENCE AND DETERMINANTS OF UNDIAGNOSED HYPERTENSION AMONG SLUM DWELLERS: A COMMUNITY-BASED CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY
Authors: RAJSINH MOHITE  , VAISHALI MOHITE
Published: October 2020

Objectives: The objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence and determinants of undiagnosed hypertension (HTN) in slum population and to its strength of association.

Methods: A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted at Karad urban slum area of district Satara, India in the year 2018. The study was conducted among randomly selected 460 adults were in age ranges from 18 to 60 years. A standard World Health Organization-stepwise approach questionnaire includes demographic data, behavioral information, and clinical examination; anthropometric data were employed to elicit the data from the eligible study participants by interview and examination method. Inferential statistics were worked out to determine the significant statistical association among variables under study.

Results: The prevalence of HTN among adult slum dweller was 23.04% of which prevalence of undiagnosed HTN was 16.03%. Significantly higher proportions of undiagnosed hypertensive were seen in males 22% and females 15.5% as well as also in all age groups, and it was seen twice in males as compared to females. The risk factor prevalence of current exposure to tobacco was 88.47% of which higher proportion, 90.7% was seen in females. Alcohol exposure was seen in 25% participants of which higher proportion, 38.5% seen in males and maximum exposure was seen in 46.7% males and 38.8% females and were from the young age group 18–30 years. Daily fruits and pure vegetarian diet consumption was observed in 3.2% and 19.3% slum dwellers, respectively. The prevalence of physical exercise was 17.1% of which significantly higher proportion, 22.0% was seen males and was of 1.8 times more than females. Overweight/obesity (body mass index >25 kg/m2) reported was 25.4% of which higher proportion, 26.9% was seen in females and they were maximum, 31.0% and 32.8% in males and females and from the age group of 40–50 years.

Conclusion: Study revealed the prevalence of undiagnosed HTN at alarming state among the people residing in slum habitations. Similarly, risk factors such as tobacco, alcohol, physical inactivity, obesity, and dietary patterns were strongly existence among participants.
DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF FLOATING TABLET OF METOPROLOL SUCCINATE FOR INCREASED BIOAVAILABILITY VIA IN VIVO STUDY
Authors: KAUSER FATEMA  , SADHANA SHAHI
Published: October 2020

Objective: This study was performed to formulate a floating tablet using hydrophobic glyceryl behenate (GB) and hydrophilic hydroxypropyl methylcellulose polymers, optimization of the same for retention in stomach and sustained drug delivery over a period of 20 h from upper gastrointestinal tract so as to increase its oral bioavailability.

Methods: Granules of GB with the metoprolol succinate (MS) was formulated and compressed with the other ingredients to formulate a floating tablet. Physiochemical parameters of an optimized formulation along with its in vitro buoyancy study, dissolution study, in vivo studies in rabbit, and stability studies were performed.

Results: Differential scanning calorimetry data show no interaction between polymers and the drug MS. A 32 factorial design was applied for optimization purpose, and from ANOVA and surface response plot the best formulation (F3) was obtained. In vitro dissolution study shows sustained drug release for 20 h for all the formulations and in vivo studies using rabbit model show increased bioavailability of an optimized formulation F3 as compared to the marketed sustained release formulation of MS (25 mg). Stability study shows no comparable differences in physical parameters and the drug release of initial formulation and the one which is kept for accelerated stability testing.

Conclusion: Hence, we can conclude that a floating tablet containing a combination of hydrophilic and hydrophobic polymers can be used for gastric retention for more than 20 h which will increase the oral bioavailability of MS.
Abstracts from the 2020 International Congress of Meat Science and Technology and the AMSA Reciprocal Meat Conference
Authors:   American Meat Science Association
Published: October 2020

The International Congress of Meat Science and Technology (ICoMST)/73rd Reciprocal Meats Conference (RMC) was hosted August 2–7, 2020 by the American Meat Science Association. This historic conference was held virtually because of the unprecidented global Covid-19 pandemic. The abstracts for the over 200 scientific papers that were presented at the meeting are contained in this document.
Aplicación del principio del interés superior del niño en las autorizaciones judiciales para salir al extranjero.
Authors: Mondaca Miranda Alexis , Astudillo Meza Constanza
Published: October 2020

The judgment in the cassation appeal on the merits, delivered by the Supreme Court on April 24th of 2018, which decides on the authorization of a mother with her two children to leave the country is analyzed. The individualized judgment is of interest, because the arguments of the highest court mention the benefit of the trip for the children, the technological communication’s means to maintain a direct and regular relationship with the father and the mother’s right to be able to develop professionally and emotionally.
Efecto del crecimiento económico y de la complejidad legal sobre el Impuesto al Valor Agregado
Authors: Moreno Espinosa Javier , Beltrán Godoy Jaime Humberto , Mata Mata Leovardo
Published: October 2020

El objetivo es cuantificar el impacto del crecimiento económico medido a través del Producto Interno Bruto y de la complejidad legal medida por las diferentes reformas a la Ley del Impuesto al Valor Agregado (IVA), sobre la recaudación del IVA durante el periodo 1980 - 2016. Para el estudio se utilizó un modelo de mínimos cuadrados ordinarios transformado mediante la metodología de Box – Cox. Los resultados muestran que existe una relación positiva entre el crecimiento económico y la recaudación del IVA y una relación inversa entre el índice de complejidad legal y la recaudación del IVA. Se recomienda profundizar en la medición de los impactos de las reformas legales sobre la recaudación de impuestos, ya que se puede generar un efecto contraproducente por las modificaciones realizadas que incrementan el grado de comprensión por los sujetos obligados. En consenso con la literatura, se confirma un efecto negativo sobre la recaudación del IVA por el incremento en el índice de complejidad legal.
Validez y confiabilidad de una escala de medición del capital intelectual en PyMEs
Authors: Flores Laguna Omar Arodi , Basurto Gutierrez Karla Saraí , Sánchez Valdez José Antonio
Published: October 2020

Esta investigación tuvo el propósito de realizar el análisis exploratorio, así como su confiabilidad de la Escala de Capital Intelectual (ECI) en las pequeñas y medianas empresas (py-mes) de Monterrey, Nuevo León, México. La muestra estuvo constituida por 233 directivos de Pymes de Monterrey. Se validó un instrumento con 16 declaraciones para medir la varia-ble capital intelectual en las pymes. Se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio usando dos métodos, el de componentes principales y modelo de ecuaciones estructurales. Al realizar el análisis exploratorio del constructo se observó que los ítems se agruparon en los tres factores (capital humano, capital estructural y capital relacional) propuestos por diversos autores. Al realizar la validez del constructo usando modelos de ecuaciones estructurales se observó que todos los criterios seleccionados (X2, p, X2/gl, CFI, GFI, NFI, RMSEA) se cumplieron, ob-teniéndose una alta confiabilidad de la escala.
Reversión a la media en las series de precios reales del petróleo en México
Authors: Ramírez Sánchez José Carlos , Cruz Aranda Fernando , Cabrera Llanos Agustín
Published: October 2020

El objetivo de este documento es mostrar la existencia de un patrón de reversión a la media en la serie de precios reales del petróleo exportado por México al continente Americano, durante el período comprendido entre Enero de 1999 y Junio de 2017. Con ese fin adaptamos una ecuación en diferencias estocástica a la serie de precios de la variedad Maya para hacer pronósticos dentro y fuera de la muestra, con una ventana de seis y doce meses. Los principales resultados obtenidos muestran que, en efecto, hay una reversión a la media de largo plazo en los precios inicialmente supuestos como racionales. Otras pruebas estadísticas confirman que esta reversión a la media es persistente en virtud de que los shocks producidos sobre los precios reales no involucran cambios permanentes.
Niveles de depresión, ansiedad, estrés y su relación con el rendimiento académico en estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Trunce Morales Silvana Trinidad , Villarroel Quinchalef Gloria Del Pilar , Arntz Vera Jenny Andrea , Muñoz Muñoz Sonia Isabel , Werner Contreras Karlis Mariela
Published: October 2020

Introducción: Para los estudiantes, la transición de un establecimiento educativo a la universidad constituye un cambio importante, tanto en términos sociales como académicos, lo cual puede afectar la salud mental, considerando las exigencias académicas, las dificultades en el aprendizaje, la adquisición de nuevas competencias para el desarrollo profesional, autogestión de horario, inserción en un nuevo ambiente educativo, entre otras.Objetivo: Determinar los niveles de estrés, depresión y ansiedad en estudiantes universitarios de primer año de las áreas de salud, relacionándolos con el rendimiento académico.Método: Se utilizó un diseño cuantitativo, exploratorio, no experimental, descriptivo de corte transversal. La muestra fue no probabilística de 186 estudiantes de una universidad pública del sur de Chile, del departamento de salud, el cual se determinó considerando un nivel de confianza del 95% y un error alfa del 5%. Se aplicó la versión chilena abreviada de las escalas de depresión, ansiedad y estrés DASS – 21, constituida por 21 ítems, con cuatro alternativas de respuesta en formato en escala Likert. El protocolo de investigación realizado fue aprobado por el Comité Ético Científico del Servicio de Salud Del Reloncaví.Resultados: La prevalencia de estos trastornos cuando se muestra de forma agrupada, para el total de los 186 estudiantes consultados; el 29.00% presenta algún trastorno asociado a depresión; el 53.20%, a ansiedad; y el 47.80%, a estrés. Se observó asociación estadísticamente significativa entre las variables ansiedad y rendimiento académico.Conclusiones: Se puede concluir que existe una asociación entre el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes con la variable ansiedad, pero no así con los trastornos estrés y depresión.
Implementasi E-Government Kulon Progo: Inovasi Dinas Kesehatan Melalui Aplikasi BumilKU 2019
Authors: Kurniawan Rico , Atmojo Muhammad Eko
Published: October 2020

Based on Indonesia committement on sustainable development, health improvement is a prominent issue. As an implementation of public service innovation, the Kulon Progo Regional Government through the Health Office plays a role in improving the quality of health services for pregnant women by creating the BumilKU application. Considering the importance of measuring the role of organizational performance on aspects of public service quality which refers to the e-government paradigm, this study aims to explain the performance of local governments in providing services to pregnant women through the BumilKU application. The data used in this study came from interviews, document studies, and literature studies related to research discussions. Based on several indicators of organizational performance measurement, pregnant women's health services utilize and use the BumilKU application effectively and efficiently. During the use of the application, the Health Office gets results according to the expected performance targets. Although the use of the BumilKU application did not significantly reduce the maternal mortality rate in 2019, based on the aspect of monitoring the condition of pregnant women in Kulon Progo, the performance of the Health Office has improved compared to the previous year. Services for pregnant women are carried out according to procedures and received good response from the community.
Problematik Data Pemilih pada Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Tahun 2018 Di Kota Medan
Authors: Thamrin Muhammad Husni , Nasution Muhammad Arifin , Nasution Faiz Albar
Published: October 2020

Updating voter data is one of the most important indicators of the success of the Pilkada in Indonesia. However, the accuracy of voter data in the city of Medan is still a problem that affects the level of public participation in the Pilkada. This phenomenon, has an impact on the constitutional rights of the people, determines the number of polling stations, the availability of ballots and budget formulation. This study aims to analyze voter data problems and the role of the Medan KPU in updating voter data. Edwards' theory about policy implementation is used as an analytical tool for public participation in the 2018 Pilkada in Medan City. This research uses descriptive qualitative method. Data collection techniques through documentation and in-depth interviews. Data analysis using Miles and Huberman's techniques, among others: data reduction, data display and drawing conclusions. The problem of 2018 Pilkada in Medan was influenced by multi factors, including the accuracy of the DPT, the HR of Voter Data Updating Officers and regulations which tended to be consistent regardless of other factors, such as the removal of a very large number of DPT. Therefore, it requires mutual attention, synergy, and commitment to all related parties to carry out their duties and functions in Pilkada activities. The urgency of the Pilkada as a means of community sovereignty must be protected collectively in terms of quantity and quality.
The Sosio-Economic Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic in Lhokseumawe City
Authors: Syahputra Angga , Mukhtasar Mukhtasar
Published: October 2020

AbstractIn the midst of government preventive efforts to implement health protocols, public activities of the Lhokseumawe City are still running normally. Whereas based on theory and former studies, the outbreak of Covid-19 caused social and economic changes has affected activities of people around the world. Using descriptive qualitative method, this study aims to analyze how the impact of local government policies to the socio-economy activities of the Lhokseumawe people and what factors influenced the response of Acehnese in the pandemic situation. Data were obtained through interview, observation to the public area, and library research on the impact of the pandemic to the society. It examines that Lhokseumawe City government policies such as imposing curfews, prohibiting gatherings in Cafe and social distancing have received less response from the public. Community activities in trading, worshiping and social interaction tend not to be affected by information on the highly spreading of Covid-19 in this city. However, school and office activities relatively follow Central Government policies. The response of the Lhokseumawe people is based on their belief that the virus is a creation of God and the pandemic situation reminds them to further increase their worship and not to be afraid to carry out normal activities. Even if they die, it is part of their destiny. Thus, the results of the study provide support for local governments to increase cooperation with Ulama in providing education to the public, increasing literacy for the spread of Covid-19, and the possibility of applying legal sanctions.
Menilik Tantangan Pembangunan Kesehatan di Indonesia: Faktor Penyebab Stunting di Kabupaten Jember
Authors: Ulfah Irma Fitriana , Nugroho Arief Budi
Published: October 2020

Abstract The prevalence of stunting of children under five in Indonesia is still high, namely 29.6% above the 20% limit set by WHO. In Jember Regency, the number of stunting sufferers reached 17,344 in 2018 and increased in 2019 to 19,870. Meanwhile, efforts to prevent stunting continue to be encouraged by both the central, regional, and village governments. The Local Government of Jember has promoted the 1000 HPK program, although the implementation is still facing obstacles. Thus, it is interesting to analyze the socio-economic factors that cause stunting and local government policies in handling stunting. The research method used is descriptive qualitative and purposive techniques to determine informants as sources. Meanwhile, data collection techniques consisted of in-depth interviews with open-ended questions, direct observation, and written documents. The results showed that the factors causing stunting were early marriage, low level of parental education, lack of income, and inadequate sanitation. Early marriage and low education lead to the unpreparedness of parents in raising children. Most of the informants work in the agricultural sector. In addition, some residents do not have access to proper drinking water and sanitation. The local government has released a good policy to abolished stunting in Jember. The local government also has a special program to improve public health which aims to reduce stunting rates. Bidan and Posyandu and their health committee play an important role in the effort to stunting reduction program. Some of the village governments in Jember have allocated funds to build health facilities such as Poskesdes.
The State Response toward the Existence of HTI: An Analysis from Social Movement Study Approach
Authors: Aswar Hasbi , Bin Mohd Yusof Danial , Binti Abdul Hamid Rohana
Published: October 2020

Abstract As a global Islamic political group, Hizb ut-Tahrir (HT) has experienced many kinds of state coercive responses due its ideas that considered radical and threatening the existing modern political systems. In many places, this group has been rejected and criminalized by regimes either in Muslim majority states or in the Western states.  The same experience has also been faced by HT in Indonesia that went through the change of state policy from accommodating to repressive approach. This study will focus to elaborate the response of the Indonesian government toward HTI from the lens of social movement studies by using state repression concept. This article uses the explanatory method analysis and collects data mainly from literature. This article argues that the state has used several methods to repress HT such as issuing an extraordinary law in dissolving HTI; intimidating HTI`s supporters and activists and stigmatizing or discrediting HTI image. As the result, in 2017 Indonesian government dissolved HTI, then HTI became one of forbidden organizations in Indonesia.
Final plasma hardening the details of peristaltic pumps
Authors: Topolyanskiy Pavel A. , Ermakov Sergey A. , Topolyanskiy Andrey P.
Published: October 2020

Improving the reliability and durability of peristaltic pumps is urgent. (Research purpose) The research purpose is to consider the operating conditions of peristaltic pump saddle, determine the causes of wear, develop a methodology for selecting the optimal coating, conduct research on the physical and mechanical properties of coatings and test them for microabrasive wear. (Materials and methods) The process of finishing plasma hardening with diamond-like DLCPateks coating was chosen for research based on the analysis of well-known industrial coating technologies. The article describes the studied physical and mechanical properties using the nanoindentation method on the TI 750Ubi nanohardness tester (Hysitron, USA) and conducted tests under microabrasive wear conditions on the Tribotester 103PC device to analyze the effectiveness of using this coating in comparison with other wear-resistant coatings. (Results and discussion) It was found by studying the physical and mechanical properties of the DLCPateks coating with a thickness of about 1 micrometer applied by the final plasma hardening method that its wear resistance parameters are: the plasticity index is 0.14-0.16, the plastic deformation resistance is 0.41-0.57. It was noted that the closest analog according to these characteristics is a diamond-like a-C:H coating, applied by the method of physical deposition of coatings in a vacuum, has a value of the plasticity index of 0.1-0.16. (Conclusions) The article describes the result of testing under microabrasive wear conditions, the coefficient of wear resistance of the DLCPateks coating. The results of studies of the physical and mechanical properties of the DLCPateks coating applied by the final plasma hardening method have shown its effectiveness in improving the reliability of peristaltic pump saddles.
Allocation of the wear of the main support of raba-man cylinders blocks
Authors: Lebedeva Dar’ya A. , Zuyevskiy Vitaliy A. , Romanov Il’ya V.
Published: October 2020

Wear of the main supports is a defect of many domestic and foreign engines. Statistical processing and selection of the theoretical distribution of the wear greatly simplifies the choice of recovery methods at the design stage. (Research purpose) The research purpose is choosing the theoretical law of wear allocation of the main supports of Raba-MAN cylinder blocks. (Materials and methods) Authors carried out statistical processing of micrometric data of the main supports of Raba-MAN cylinder blocks. Authors measured the diameters of the main supports of 40 cylinder blocks Raba-MAN three times with tightened fastening bolts with NI 100-160 GOST 868-82 micrometer with a step of 0.01 millimeters. Authors evaluated the match of experimental and theoretical distribution laws by Pearson’s criterion. (Results and discussion) The measurements results were summarized in a statistical series. The article presents a histogram of accumulated experimental probabilities and graphs of differential and integral distribution functions. It was found that the probability of matching of experimental and theoretical distribution laws for both laws is less than 10 percent. Article notes that the chosen distribution laws are not characterized by the presence of the second peak on the graph of the differential function, and the slope of the curve of integral function when approaching the last interval is much higher than the theoretical curves functions. (Conclusion) The maximum wear does not exceed 0.16 millimeters. Since the most common laws of normal distribution and Weibull distribution in statistical calculations are unsuitable in this case, additional research is required to select the theoretical distribution law.
Can-Way terminal for monitoring vehicles and special machinery
Authors: Sovin Konstantin G. , Andreeva Daria V.
Published: October 2020

Special terminals for CAN bus are required for the monitoring of vehicles, as well as for reading and controlling automotive machinery by receiving or transmitting information using the GLONASS/GPS positioning system. (Research purpose) The research purpose is to explain the operation principle and technical capabilities of the universal programmable on-board adapter CAN-WAY, developed jointly with «AlfaTech» LLC. (Materials and methods) The authors have generalized the materials published in periodicals and the results of studies obtained at the Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM. (Results and discussion) The authors have developed a universal programmable on-board controller CAN-WAY. The article describes the main and additional parameters of automotive technology are described depending on the model of the device used, as well as its technical capabilities. The article explains the principle and operating conditions of the CAN-WAY terminal. The article presents a method for obtaining the necessary information on the condition of automotive vehicles with a universal programmable controller installed using as an example the John Deere’s 7830 tractor in the Ryazan region using the Wialon Hosting system on the GURTAM website. (Conclusions) The use of the CAN-WAY terminal allows to remotely receive information about the technical condition and operational parameters of automotive vehicles, which contributes to timely repair work, as well as its maintenance.
The impact of bearing shield wear on the power factor of ac electric motors
Authors: Erkhan Fedor M. , Korneychuk Nikolay I. , Bomeshko Elena V.
Published: October 2020

During the operation of AC electric motors, the seats under the rotor bearings are worn out. Wear of these surfaces leads to a change in the air gap between the rotor and the stator of the electric motor, which leads to an increase in the reactance and power loss. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in determining the maximum allowable amount of wear on the seats for the rotor shaft bearings of the support panels, in which their further use is impractical without restoring the seats. (Materials and methods) Electric motors of various technological equipment were chosen as the object of research. Universal control and measurement tools were used for micrometering. (Results and discussion) During the micrometering, it has been revealed for electric motors of the A2, A. 02, 4AS series that the wear of support surfaces made of aluminum alloys varies within 0,05-0,24 millimeter, and for surfaces made of cast iron within 0,06-0,20 millimeter. It was found that changing the air gap between the stator and the rotor leads to a change in the density of the magnetic flux distribution, and as a result, to a decrease in the power factor, efficiency and useful power on the motor shaft. (Conclusions) It is found that during the operation of asynchronous electric motors of various technological equipment, the wear of the support surfaces occurs within the range of 0,05-0,24 millimeter, which affects the power factor.
Audit Committee Accounting Expertise and the Mitigation of Strategic Auditor Behavior
Authors: Hansen James C. , Lisic Ling Lei , Seidel Timothy A. , Wilkins Michael S.
Published: October 2020

Our study is motivated by the theory of credence goods in the auditing setting. We propose that audit committee accounting expertise should reduce information asymmetries between the auditor and the client, thereby limiting auditors' ability to over-audit and under-audit. Consistent with this notion, our results indicate that when audit committees have accounting expertise, clients (1) pay lower fees when changes in standards decrease required audit effort; (2) pay a smaller fee premium in the presence of remediated material weaknesses; and (3) have a reduced likelihood of restatement when audit market competition is high. Our findings in the under-auditing setting generally are strongest among non-Big 4 engagements, consistent with non-Big 4 auditors being less sensitive to market-wide disciplining mechanisms such as reputation, legal liability, and professional regulation. We also provide evidence that the nature of audit committee members' accounting expertise differentially impacts the committee's ability to curtail over- and under-auditing.

JEL Classifications: M40; M41; M42.
Soft Information in the Financial Press and Analyst Revisions
Authors: Bradshaw Mark T. , Lock Brandon , Wang Xue , Zhou Dexin
Published: October 2020

Both sell-side analysts and the media are information intermediaries in capital markets. This study investigates the association between sell-side analyst research and information in firm-specific news coverage. More frequent recent news coverage is associated with stronger market reactions to analysts' research revisions, and primarily explained by soft information in news coverage. The primary result is robust to using both an instrumental variable and a quasi-natural experimental setting to generate exogenous variation in media coverage, alleviating concerns about endogeneity. In addition, using textual analysis, we document that explicit media references in analyst research reports are significantly associated with more frequent analyst revisions and stronger market reactions to revisions. Our study provides empirical evidence of analysts' assimilation of information from the financial press and their role in the efficiency of capital markets.

JEL Classifications: G12; G14; G24.
Cost Structure, Operating Leverage, and CDS Spreads
Authors: Bhojraj Sanjeev , Bloomfield Robert J. , Jang Youngki , Yehuda Nir
Published: October 2020

We provide evidence that credit investors do not fully impound the implications of firms' cost structure (or operating leverage) when pricing credit default swaps. Information about firms' cost structure is not disclosed and needs to be estimated. Furthermore, the performance implications of firms' cost structure depend on the expected macroeconomic conditions. We focus on the debt market because of the strong emphasis of this market on downside risk. To measure expected aggregate macroeconomic conditions, we employ the change in the anxious index (AI), which is the probability of a decline in real GDP provided by the SPF—the survey of professional forecasters. We find that the interaction between the firm's cost structure and change in AI predicts one-quarter-ahead CDS spreads. Portfolio-level analysis confirms this result.

JEL Classifications: G12; G14; G32.
Strategic Timing of IPOs and Disclosure: A Dynamic Model of Multiple Firms
Authors: Aghamolla Cyrus , Guttman Ilan
Published: October 2020

We study a dynamic timing game between multiple firms, who decide when to go public in the presence of possible information externalities. A firm's IPO pricing is a function of its privately observed idiosyncratic type and the level of investor sentiment, which follows a stochastic, mean-reverting process. Firms may wish to delay their IPOs in order to observe the market reception of the offerings of their peers. We characterize the unique symmetric threshold equilibrium, whereby pioneer firms with high idiosyncratic types endogenously emerge. The results provide novel implications regarding variation in IPO timing, sequential clustering, IPO droughts, the composition of new issues over time, and how IPO volume fluctuates over time. These include, among others, that in more populated industries, a lower proportion of firms emerge as industry pioneers, but follower IPO volume is intensified. Additionally, heightened uncertainty over investor sentiment exacerbates delay and leads to lower IPO volume.
USE OF MULBERRY POMACE AS SUBSTRATE FOR CITRIC ACID PRODUCTION BY Aspergillus niger MT-4
Authors: AIDYNOVA Rufina , ARSLAN Nazli , AYDOĞAN Mehmet Nuri
Published: October 2020

Mulberry pomace (MP) is a waste material obtained after the production of pekmez, a traditional Turkish food. This study was performed to test the usability of MP as substrate for citric acid (CA) production by Aspergillus niger MT-4 for the first time. In the study, some culture conditions were also optimized to increase CA production in MP-based medium. Moisture, total carbohydrate, water-soluble carbohydrate, protein, lipid and ash contents of MP were determined as 31.1, 47.1, 1.3, 13.4, 1.8 and 1.4%, respectively. Experiments were carried out in 250 mL flasks containing 100 mL of production medium. Optimal MP concentration for both fungal biomass (FB) and CA production was determined as 120 g/L. All concentrations of KH2PO4 added to MP-based medium were found to decrease CA production but increase FB production. Optimal concentrations of MgSO4 and (NH4)2SO4 for CA production were found as 1 and 2 g/L, respectively. The other optimal parameters were determined as an initial pH of 7.0 and an incubation period of 5 days. Under the optimized culture conditions, the amount of CA produced was determined as 24.6 g/L. On day 5, Yp/s, Yp/x and Yx/s were calculated as 0.2 g CA/g MP, 1.43 g CA/g FB and 0.14 g FB/g MP, respectively.
Imaging in Latest Dentistry - A Review
Authors: Sharma Dr. Yesh , Marwaha Dr. Jasmine , Bishnoi Dr. Raju Ram , Goyal Ruchika , Biswas Dr. Anwesha
Published: October 2020

Endodontics is the branch of dentistry in which radiology plays a critical indispensable role. Radiology illuminates what otherwise would be dark and hidden zones and allows the dentists to visualize areas not accessible by other diagnostic means. It is the use of oral radiographs which enables visualization of the bone around the apices of the teeth, as well as the results of the root canal treatments, and as such it has allowed turning endodontics into a scientific professional entity.
The Main Morbid Gynaecological Conditions and Client Satisfaction towards the Provided Services in Ganayen District, Suez Governorate
Authors: Attia Mona A. S. , Hassan Hend A. , El Rafie Mervat M.
Published: October 2020

Addressing women reproductive health (RH) problems is an important topic on the global social agenda. Thus, the current study was conducted in 2017 to study the common morbid gynaecological conditions among Ganayen primary health care (PHC) centre and mobile clinic clients in Ganayen District, Suez Governorate, Egypt and assess client satisfaction towards the provided services. A sample of 300 females aged 15-49 years complaining of the common morbid conditions, which were identified by reviewing the two PHC facilities’ records in the year 2016, and seeking medical advice from the studied PHC facilities were interviewed after receiving the service using a structured interview questionnaire and client satisfaction questionnaire, where the first 8 women who came to the centre or the clinic in the two days of work allocated for each facility were interviewed. Vaginal infection was the most common cause of seeking medical advice from the PHC centre while taking contraceptive method was the most common cause of seeking medical advice from the mobile clinic respectively. Both vaginal infection and uterine bleeding were common among hormonal contraception users. Follow-up appointments were given for only about half of women with recurrent vaginal infection. The clients were satisfied with the provided services with higher client satisfaction score for the PHC centre than the mobile clinic. Large-scale study should be conducted to explore the real situation prevailing in Egypt with objective assessment of the health facilities and health providers’ performance. Also, training of health care providers on national management protocol of common morbid condition in addition to providing health education to raise the clients’ awareness regarding these diseases are needed for proper management and prevention of recurrent and repeated attacks.
Finansal Başarısızlık Tahmin Modellerinin Geçerliliğinin Analizi: Thomas Cook Örneği
Authors: Karadeniz Erdinç , Öcek Cemile
Published: October 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı, finans teorisinde en fazla kabul gören finansal başarısızlık tahmin modellerinin geçerliliğini, 23 Eylül 2019 tarihinde iflas ettiğini açıklayan Thomas Cook şirketi üzerinde analiz etmektir. Bu amaçla, şirketin 2009-2018 yılları arasındaki finansal durum tabloları, ayrıntılı gelir tabloları ve nakit akış tabloları kullanılarak finansal başarısızlık risk olasılıkları Altman Z Skor, Springate, Fulmer, Kanada Skor ve Ohlson O-Skor modellerine göre hesaplanmıştır. Analiz sonucunda Thomas Cook şirketinin bütün tahmin modellerine göre analiz döneminde finansal başarısızlık riski taşıdığı belirlenmiştir. Dolayısıyla analizde kullanılan bütün finansal başarısızlık tahmin modellerinin şirketin iflasını 2019 yılından önceki yıllarda %100 olarak doğru tahmin ettiği saptanmıştır.
False-positive high sensitivity troponin I on Alinity i
Authors: Kanani Fatima Zehra , Kazmi Adnan Haider
Published: October 2020

Background:

High sensitivity troponin I (Hs troponin I) is a precise and sensitive marker of myocardial injury. However, interferences by antibodies are not uncommon in immunoassays. Macrotroponin is one such phenomenon, in which immune complexes are formed between troponin and circulating antibodies, giving rise to false-positive results.

Case Presentation:

This is a case of a 30-year-old male with elevated high sensitivity troponin I results of 419 ng/l (99th percentile upper reference limit for males is 34.2 ng/l). The test was performed on Abbott Alinity i immunoassay analyzer (Abbott Gmbh & Co. KG, Wiesbaden, Germany). Electrocardiogram, exercise tolerance test, and echocardiogram were all unremarkable. The results of creatinine kinase-myocardial component, troponin T, and conventional troponin I on VITROS ECi Immunodiagnostics System (Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics, Rochester, NY) were within normal limits. Laboratory experiments were carried out to evaluate the case, and the investigations conducted indicated the presence of macrotroponins in the specimen, which demonstrated cross immunoreactivity with the Alinity (Abbott) assay but not with the VITROS (Ortho) assay.

Conclusion:

Clinicians and laboratorians should be aware of the possible interference by macrotroponin in their assays and should be alerted when there is a discordance between the laboratory and clinical findings.
PENGGUNAAN MEDIA POWER POINT SEBAGAI UPAYA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA KONSEP KEMAGNETAN (Penelitian Tindakan Kelas di Kelas IX-F SMP Negeri 20 Tasikmalaya)
Authors: Cahyawati Yani
Published: October 2020

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penggunaan Media power point sebagai  upaya untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam konsep Kemagnetan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) dengan melakukan 2(dua) siklus tindakan, yang pada setiap siklus dilakukan melalui tahapan yaitu perencanaan (planning), pelaksanaan (acting), observasi (observation), refleksi (reflecting). Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi kepada siswa dan observasiguru, tes hasil belajar dan pengisian angket. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa proses belajar terjadi peningkatan jumlah skor 43 pada pra siklus  menjadi 50.5 pada siklus 1 atau meningkat 7.5 atau 12%. Proses pembelajaran makin meningkat pada siklus 2 dengan peningkatan rata-rata jumlah skor menjadi 59.5 atau dengan kata lain meningkat 9 atau 14% . Penggunaan media power poin tjuga terbukti dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siawa dalam konsep Kemagnetan, peningkatan rata-rata skor dari 57,35 pada pra tindakan menjadi 68.09 pada siklus 1 atau dengan kata lain hasil belajar siswa meningkat 10.74 dan 25 siswa yang sudah mencapai KKM atau 74% dari jumlah siswa 34 .Hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran makin meningkat pada siklus 2 dengan peningkatan rata-rata menjadi 83.24 atau dengan kata lain meningkat 15.15 dan 30 siswa yang sudah mencapai KKM atau 88% dari jumlah 34 siswa. Demikian pula siswa merespon dengan baik penggunaan media power point. Hal ini dibuktikan dari hasil pengamatan terhadap aktivitas siswa yang menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas siswa dalam kegiatan proses pembelajaran melalui tindakan penggunaan media power point pada pertemuan ke pertemuan dan siklus ke siklus menunjukkan kemajuan dan peningkatan. Aktivitas siswa pada siklus I  sebesar  78,37% meningkat sebesar 12,37% menjadi 91% pada siklus  2.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUANMEMBACA PUISI (SAJAK) DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN DISCOVERY LEARNING PADA SISWA KELAS X IPA 2 SMA N 1 KAWALI
Authors: Iskandar Ishak
Published: October 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan model pembelajar kemampuan siswa kelas X IPA 2 SMA N 1 Kawali  dalam membaca puisi (sajak) dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran discovery learning. Model penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Tindakan Kelas / PTK. Prosedur PTK (Penelitian Tindakan Kelas) ini dilaksanakan atas dasar tahapan-tahapan sebagai berikut: merencanakan PTK, melaksanakan PTK, melaksanakan observasi, dan melakukan refleksi. Penelitian ini berlangsung dalam Pra Siklus dan dua siklus yaitu Siklus 1 dan siklus 2. Peneliti melihat adanya peningkatan dalam jumlah prosentase siswa yang mendapat nilai di atas KKM. Pada tingkatan pra siklus prosentasenya adalah 7,5%. Pada siklus 2 jumlahnya menjadi 100%. Peneliti menghitung peningkatan jumlah siswa yang mendapat nilai di atas KKM sebesar 92,5%. Sedangkan untuk prosentase pemahaman materi pada tindakan pra siklus adalah 61%. Diakhir siklus 2, jumlah ini meningkat menjadi 85%. Ini berarti bahwa total peningkatan yang terjadi pada prosentase penguasaan materi adalah sebesar 69,5%. Pada aspek keterampilan menunjukan indikator intonasi (lentong) dari pra siklus (60%) menjadi (88,5%) terjadi peningkatan (28,5%), vokal dari pra siklus (61%) menjadi (88%) terjadi peningkatan (27%), Mimik (pasemon) dari prasiklus (64%) menjadi (82%) terjadi peningkatan (18%), penghayatandari prasiklus (64%) menjadi (85%) terjadi peningkatan (21%) dan nyangkem naskah dari pra siklus (65%) menjadi (86%) terjadi peningkatan (21%). Secara keseluruhan indikator membaca puisi (sajak)  pada aspek keterampilan menunjukan adanya peningkatan dari tiap tindakan prasiklus sampai siklus 2. Sedangkan pada aspek pengetahuan menunjukan bahwa indikator tema dari pra siklus (64%) menjadi (77%) terjadi peningkatan (23%), Amanat dari pra siklus (56%) menjadi (88%) terjadi peningkatan (32%), Rasa pra siklus (56%) menjadi (87%), terjadi peningkatan (18%), dan Nada pra siklus (60%) menjadi (86%) terjadi peningkatan (26%). Secara keseluruhan indikator materi puisi pada aspek pengetahuan menunjukan adanya peningkatan dari tiap tiap tindakan pra siklus sampai siklus 2. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut peneliti menyimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran discovery learning berhasil meningkatkan kemampuan siswa dalam membaca puisi (sajak). Kata Kunci:  Kemampuan, Membaca Puisi (Sajak),  Model Pembelajaran                          Discovery Learning
Effective behavior change in hand hygiene practices among boys residing at foster care home in Bengaluru city: An interventional study
Authors: Santhosh Advaita , Chaithra V. , Anuradha B. , Bullappa Deepa
Published: October 2020

Objective:

Handwashing is the best defense against communicable infections due to lack of good personal hygiene practices. The objective of the study is to evaluate the change in knowledge and practice of hand hygiene among the children living in a foster care home of Bengaluru city.

Material and Methods:

A pre-tested, closed-ended, and structured questionnaire was administered in local language among 98 children, aged 8–16 years, residing in a foster home for boys in Bengaluru city to assess their knowledge and hand hygiene practices before and after a community-based intervention of handwashing technique which was done.

Results:

The present study showed a significant improvement in knowledge among majority of the children regarding hand hygiene before and after meals, usage of toilet post-intervention. About 96.9% of the children started practicing handwashing using handwash solution and water.

Conclusion:

Behavior change through communication campaigns improves safe hand hygiene practices on long term.
Empowering Village Health Sanitation and Nutrition Committee members on dengue prevention and control: An educational interventional study in rural areas of Mysuru, Karnataka
Authors: Kulkarni Praveen , Kumar D. Sunil , Hugara Siddalingappa , Manjunath Renuka , Murthy M. R. Narayana
Published: October 2020

Objectives:

Dengue, among all the vector-borne diseases, continues to be a major public health problem in India. Dengue once considered being problem in urban areas, now it is increasingly found in rural areas. Thus, empowering the village level functionaries like members of Village Health Sanitation and Nutrition Committee (VHSNC) can help in prevention and control of dengue in the rural areas. The present study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of educational intervention on perception regarding dengue and its prevention among VHSNC members.

Material and Methods:

This prospective interventional study was conducted among all 305 VHSNC members of two randomly selected primary health centers of Mysuru talukas for the period of 6 months. Baseline levels of perception on dengue were collected using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. Educational intervention on various domains of dengue and its prevention was provided using audiovisual aids, handouts, and group discussion. Endline survey was conducted 1 month after the education sessions to assess the effectiveness intervention.

Results:

A total of 305 VHSNC members participated in the study. In pre-test survey, only 189 (61.9%) had ever heard of disease dengue. In post-test survey, 274 (91.3%) had heard of dengue. There was a statistically significant improvement in perception regarding, preventable nature of dengue, mode of transmission, breeding and biting habits of mosquito, source reduction measures, and personal protective measures against mosquito bites following educational intervention.

Conclusion:

Educational intervention was found to be effective in empowering village level stake holders like VHSNC members regarding dengue and its prevention.