bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Menumbuhkan Minat Belajar Siswa melalui Metode Pembelajaran Kreatif
Authors: Sarbaitinil  , Muzakkir  , Muhammad Yasin  , Irfan Sepria Baresi  , Muhammadong
Published: February 2024

Dalam dunia pendidikan, menumbuhkan minat belajar siswa merupakan tantangan yang penting. Salah satu pendekatan yang terbukti efektif adalah melalui penerapan metode pembelajaran kreatif. Metode ini menekankan pada keterlibatan aktif siswa dalam pembelajaran, memungkinkan mereka untuk bereksperimen, berkolaborasi, dan berkreasi dalam proses pembelajaran. Dengan demikian, minat belajar siswa dapat ditingkatkan melalui pengalaman pembelajaran yang lebih menarik, interaktif, dan bermakna. Faktor penentu minat belajar siswa sangat beragam. Mulai dari motivasi intrinsik, dukungan sosial, pengalaman belajar sebelumnya, preferensi belajar, hingga kualitas lingkungan pembelajaran. Motivasi intrinsik, misalnya, mendorong siswa untuk belajar karena minat dan kepuasan pribadi, sementara dukungan sosial dari keluarga, teman, dan guru memberikan dorongan tambahan. Pengalaman belajar sebelumnya dan preferensi belajar turut memengaruhi minat belajar siswa, begitu dengan kualitas lingkungan pembelajaran yang memfasilitasi eksplorasi dan pembelajaran yang bermakna. Metode pembelajaran kreatif memainkan peran kunci dalam mempengaruhi minat belajar siswa. Dengan memanfaatkan teknik-teknik seperti pembelajaran berbasis proyek, pembelajaran berbasis masalah, dan role-playing, siswa dihadapkan pada pengalaman pembelajaran yang menarik dan menyenangkan. Mereka dapat mengeksplorasi konsep-konsep secara praktis, berpikir kritis, dan mengembangkan keterampilan kolaborasi. Pendekatan ini menciptakan lingkungan pembelajaran yang merangsang dan memotivasi siswa untuk aktif terlibat dalam proses pembelajaran. Penerapan metode pembelajaran kreatif dapat menjadi strategi efektif dalam menumbuhkan minat belajar siswa. Melalui pendekatan ini, pendidik dapat menciptakan pengalaman pembelajaran yang lebih bermakna, memicu minat belajar yang lebih besar, dan membantu siswa untuk mencapai potensi belajar mereka secara optimal.
Inmigración, racismo y sueñitos en En un barrio de Nueva York (In the Heights, 2021). Una aproximación semiótico-culturalista al número musical Paciencia y fe
Authors: Palomares Navarro Óscar
Published: February 2024

Como cualquier manifestación cultural, el cine musical clásico estadounidense se desarrolló en unas coordenadas sociales e históricas concretas. Pero, históricamente, este género ha excluido la representación de realidades como las desigualdades socioeconómicas relacionadas con el paradigma racista hegemónico desde el que se piensa la diversidad cultural. Las nuevas fórmulas del cine musical introducen dichas coordenadas sociales, históricas y culturales. El presente artículo se centra en cómo En un barrio de Nueva York (In the Heights, 2021), y particularmente el personaje de la Abuela Claudia y su número musical Paciencia y fe, plantea dinámicas de apropiación de las fórmulas genéricas del musical, mostrando discursos de resistencia asociados a temas como la migración o el racismo
PUESTA EN VALOR DEL MUELLE DE THARSIS DE LA PROVINCIA DE HUELVA
Authors: SENE ZAFRA SAYNABÚ
Published: February 2024

Resumen: El Muelle de Tharsis no es solo una arquitectura de la ingeniería, es un lugar de conexión entre las personas que se manifiesta como una seña de identidad clave del territorio. Este testimonio del Patrimonio Industrial de Huelva (Andalucía, España), posee todo un conjunto de factores de interés justificados desde diversos ámbitos disciplinares; por ello, es entendido como aquel vestigio material donde queda registrada la dimensión patrimonial y cultural cuya composición recoge principios y criterios que generan una valoración social.
Targeted action to increase inclusion at the Wellcome Sanger Institute
Authors: Ahmed Saher , Adams David J , Haniffa Muzlifah , Maartens Aidan , Arruda Maria Augusta
Published: February 2024

The Sanger Excellence Fellowship has been established to increase the representation of researchers with Black-heritage backgrounds at a leading research centre in the UK.
Would future climate warming cause zoonotic diseases to spread over long distances?
Authors: Bu Fan , Yue Xiuxian , Sun Shanshan , Jin Yongling , Li Linlin , Li Xin , Zhang Rong , Shang Zhenghaoni , Yan Haiwen , Zhang Haoting , Yuan Shuai , Wu Xiaodong , Fu Heping
Published: February 2024

Dipus sagitta is a major rodent found in arid environments and desert areas. They feed on plant seeds, young branches and some small insects, and have hibernating habits. Peak Dipus sagitta numbers impact the construction of the plant community in the environment, but also have a human impact as these rodents carry a variety of parasitic fleas capable of spreading serious diseases to humans. Based on 216 present distribution records of Dipus sagitta and seven environmental variables, this article simulates the potential distribution of Dipus sagitta during the Last Glacial Maximum, the mid-Holocene, the present and the future (2070s, RCP4.5, RCP8.5). This study also analyzes the geographic changes of the population distribution and evaluates the importance of climate factors by integrating contribution rate, replacement importance value and the jackknife test using the MaxEnt model. In this study, we opted to assess the predictive capabilities of our model using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and partial receiver operating characteristic (pROC) metrics. The findings indicate that the AUC value exceeds 0.9 and the AUC ratio is greater than 1, indicating superior predictive performance by the model. The results showed that the main climatic factors affecting the distribution of the three-toed jerboa were precipitation in the coldest quarter, temperature seasonality (standard deviation), and mean annual temperature. Under the two warming scenarios of the mid-Holocene and the future, there were differences in the changes in the distribution area of the three-toed jerboa. During the mid-Holocene, the suitable distribution area of the three-toed jerboa expanded, with a 93.91% increase in the rate of change compared to the Last Glacial Maximum. The size of the three-toed jerboa’s habitat decreases under both future climate scenarios. Compared to the current period, under the RCP4.5 emission scenario, the change rate is −2.96%, and under the RCP8.5 emission scenario, the change rate is −7.41%. This indicates a trend of contraction in the south and expansion in the north. It is important to assess changes in the geographic population of Dipus sagitta due to climate change to formulate population control strategies of these harmful rodents and to prevent and control the long-distance transmission of zoonotic diseases.
Comparative Evaluation of Vestibular Incision Subperiosteal Tunnel Access (VISTA) Technique with other Tunneling Techniques: Protocol for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Salian Shrishti Satish , Dhadse Prasad V , Bajaj Pavan , Oza Ranu R
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Gingival recession is defined as the displacement of the gingival margin apical to the Cementoenamel Junction (CEJ). The aim is to achieve complete root coverage. The increasing demand for aesthetics by patients has led dentists to adopt newer and more novel techniques. Since Allen first introduced the tunneling technique in 1994, several procedural adjustments have been suggested. The “Vestibular Incision SubperiostealPeriosteal Tunnel Access (VISTA)” technique was introduced by Zadeh HH and offers the benefit of being minimally invasive. Need for the study: This systematic review aims to guide clinicians in selecting the best possible root coverage procedure for better patient-centered outcomes. Aim: The aim is to compare the “VISTA technique” with other tunneling techniques in the treatment of multiple gingival recession defects. Materials and Methods: Up until December 2023, the authors will search PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase without any language constraints. Additionally, reviewers will handsearch and examine the bibliographies of relevant publications, search trial registries for active trials, and look for potentially relevant research. The keywords to be used for the search include VISTA technique, tunneling technique, root coverage procedure, and multiple gingival recession. Randomised Controlled Trials (RCTs) using an open or blinded assessment of outcomes will be included. Full journal publications will also be included. Exclusions will be made for brief abstracts (typically meeting reports), non randomised studies, research on experimental pain, studies based on animal models, and observational studies. The eligibility of each study will be independently determined by three review authors (SS, PD, RO). They will then extract the data and independently assess the Risk of Bias (RoB) for each study using the established Cochrane methodology. The evidence will be assessed using Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE), and a summary of findings will be tabulated. The Preferred Reporting Items for Synthematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines will be followed for present review.
Disseminating Evidence-Based Preventive Interventions to Promote Wellness and Mental Health in Children and Youth: Opportunities, Gaps, and Challenges
Authors: Leadbeater Bonnie , Walker Mattie , Bowen François , Barbic Skye , Crooks Claire , Mathias Steve , Moretti Marlene , Sukhawathanakul Paweena , Pepler Debra , Angelius Kelly , Carr Wendy , Conrod Patricia , Pike Ian , Cummingham Theresa , Lawlor Molly Stewart , McGrath Patrick , Lingley-Pottie Patricia
Published: February 2024

Post pandemic increases in mental illness and waitlists for mental health services highlight the urgent need to prevent and mitigate mental health problems in children and youth living in Canada. We describe current dissemination and implementation strategies of evidence-based preventive interventions (EBPIs) for children and youth in Canada that are designed to improve health and well-being. Based on written case studies from 18 Canadian researchers and stakeholders, we examined their approaches to development, dissemination, and implementation of EBPIs. We also summarized the opportunities and challenges faced by these researchers, particularly in sustaining the dissemination and implementing of their evidence-based programs over time. Typically, researchers take responsibility for program dissemination, and they have created a variety of approaches to overcoming costs and challenges. However, despite the availability of many strong, developmentally appropriate EBPIs to support child and youth mental health and well-being, systemic gaps between their development and implementation impede equitable access to and sustainability of these resources.
Le modèle Men’s Shed comme pratique innovante en intervention communautaire auprès des hommes
Authors: Roy Philippe , Bizot Dominic , Lévesque Chloé , Parent Sophie
Published: February 2024

Cet article présente le modèle des Men’s Shed, ou ateliers pour hommes, comme pratique innovante en santé mentale communautaire. Il détaille les problématiques auxquelles ils répondent, leur fonctionnement et les défis. Nous soulignons le besoin de littérature scientifique en français sur la question.
The Promise of One-At-A-Time Therapy for Enhancing the Relevance and Accessibility of Psychological Interventions for Youth Experiencing Homelessness
Authors: Hamel Kayla , McDonald Kyla , Kidd Sean , Jaouich Alexia , Saxton Kaitlin , Churchill AnnMarie
Published: February 2024

This article describes a novel framework for the provision of individual psychotherapy for youth with histories of homelessness. We discuss the value of a one-at-a-time therapy approach in stepped care contexts through the Housing Outreach Project—Collaborative (HOPC), a comprehensive program for young people transitioning out of homelessness in Toronto, Canada.
Deep Learning Approach for Classification of Tweets in Detecting Cyber Truculent
Authors: Olaitan Olawale Lukman , David Adeniji Oluwashola , Michael Odejayi Adeniyi
Published: February 2024

Identification and Classification of truculent tweets is a serious problem. Studies have shown how truculent tweets on Twitter have caused anxiety and in extreme cases death of victims. Various researches have applied Machine Learning approaches while others Deep Learning in classifying toxic sentences. Impressive results have been obtained using Deep Learning approaches, the focus of the research is to develop an extended model for deep learning classification using cyber tweets. The Model developed in this research work used labelled dataset (twitter_parsed_dataset.csv), Maximum Entropy was used to extract keywords and entities. One-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (1d-CNN) was used to detect truculent in tweets. The experimental result from the developed model consider four preprocess datasets for classification, the Unigram, Bigram,  Trigram and N-gram. The result that was obtained for Accuracy 96.1%, Precision 93.6%, Recall 73.7% and F1-Score 83.8% for different test during classification. The result obtained from the developed model for accuracy, 96.1% was compared with related work Banerjee’s accuracy of 93.97%. The developed model can be used for auto detection of truculent messages in cyberspace.
Therapeutic Potential of Carica papaya Linn.: A Comprehensive Review of Its Pharmacological Properties and Health Benefits, with Emphasis on Dengue Fever Healing
Authors: Fernando D. T. K. , Peiris D. S. H. S. , Senadeera S. P. N. N. , Ranaweera C. B.
Published: February 2024

For thousands of years, people have used various plant products, foods, spices, and herbs to treat and prevent illnesses. Sri Lankans have been using traditional and folk medicine to satisfy their basic health needs from the earliest days. Carica papaya Linn. (Caricaceae) is a commercially grown exotic plant in Sri Lanka. The entire plant, including the fruits both ripened and green, leaves, roots, peel, seed, and pulp, was used as medicine in traditional medicinal systems. Plant parts of Carica papaya Linn. were frequently used by ancient Sri Lankans to treat diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cancer, dengue fever, skin infections, renal disorders, and infections caused by bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses. Dengue fever is the most prevalent and significant arthropod-borne viral disease in humans, and it is extensively spread throughout Sri Lanka. Carica papaya Linn. extracts have been used to treat dengue patients to recover from its complications, which include thrombocytopenia, hemolysis, and leukopenia. Studies reveal that the papaya leaf extract can neutralize plasma with the dengue virus, reduce platelet aggregation, and increase the production of the enzyme ALOX12, which promotes platelet production. Moreover, the extract also upregulates the platelet-activating factor receptor (PTAFR) gene and inhibits serine proteases NS2B and NS3 involved in dengue virus replication. In this review, we have discussed extensively the ethnomedicinal and pharmacological properties of Carica papaya while highlighting its remarkable potency in healing dengue.
Hemothorax Due to Transdiaphragmat-ic Liver Penetrating Injury Caused by Broken Knife
Authors: Emre Tunca I. , Çağlar Şahin , Emrah Cengiz , Ali Nehir , Sinem Bayrakçı , Semih Uğuz , Tuna Çelik , Uğur Şener , Onur Bayrakçı
Published: February 2024

Thoracic trauma is one of the most fatal cases of patients admitted to emergency departments. Thoracic trauma occurs in 20–25% of all trauma patients worldwide and is the third cause of trauma-related deaths. Approximately 5% of trauma admissions are liver injuries. In some blunt or penetrating injuries, both intrathoracic and intra-abdominal organs may be injured. It is aimed to present the case of a broken knife entering from the right paravertebral location, causing hemothorax as a result of diaphragm and liver injury without injuring the lungs, due to the importance of the multidisciplinary approach among surgical departments in the study.

A 44-year-old male patient was admitted to the emergency department due to penetrating injury. An oblique injury of approximately 5 cm was seen in the posterior part of the right hemithorax. Radiologically, It was detected that the knife, which entered through the 10th intercostal space, was stuck inside and the knife handle was broken. It was observed that the broken blade entered from the paravertebral region, passed into the intrathoracic area, causing hemothorax, and passed from the edge of the inferior vena cava and embedded itself in the liver. Multidisciplinary operation planning was made among the departments. All department surgeons were present in the operating room at the same time. The paravertebral space was assessed and the embedded blade was slowly withdrawn by the neurosurgeon. Explorative laparotomy was done by the general surgeon and gastroenterology surgeon. Transdiaphragmatic injury was evaluated by the thoracic surgeon and major vascular structures were evaluated by the cardiovascular surgeon. In the postoperative period, the patient was discharged on the 5th postoperative day with full recovery without any complications.

Penetrating trauma is one of the most fatal cases of patients admitted to emergency departments. In some cases, intrathoracic and intra-abdominal penetrating injury may occur together, rarely from a single entrance location. The timing of critical intervention varies depending on whether the patient's vitals are stable or unstable. If the hemodynamics are stable in penetrating injuries, all affected anatomical structures should be evaluated with radiological examinations. For successful, uncomplicated surgical treatments, controlled techniques, interdepartmental consensus and, when necessary, simultaneous presence of surgeons in the surgery are essential
Immunomodulating Potential of Ekebergia capensis in Murine Schistosoma mansoni Juvenile and Adult Infection
Authors: Musili Rael , Lusweti Japheth , Kinyatta Nancy , Thiong’o Joseph , Menaine Antony
Published: February 2024

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease occurring in sub-Saharan Africa and affecting almost 250 million people. The drug of choice for treatment for Schistosomiasis has been Praziquantel which has been used for many years and there is a need to develop new drugs. The immunomodulatory potential of Ekebergia capensis extract on both juvenile and adult Schistosoma mansoni infection in vivo was evaluated in this study. Swiss albino mice were infected individually with 90 S. mansoni cercariae and randomized into groups of five each for i) plant extract treated groups ii) positive control groups treated with conventional drugs PZQ or artemether iii) infected but untreated (negative control) groups. The mice were treated orally with aqueous extracts of E. capensis at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg at 2 weeks (juvenile worms) and 7 weeks (adult worms) post-infection. Immune immune-enhancing potential of the medicinal plant was determined by analyzing the levels of cytokines in serum samples that were collected before and after treatment. A BD-Cytometric Bead Array (CBA) mouse Th1/Th2/Th17 kit was used to quantitate the levels of cytokines using a flow cytometer (FACS Calibur) and analysis of the data was done using FCAP software. Results indicated that the medicinal plant extract had an immunomodulatory effect. There was a significant increase (P<0.05) in Th1 cytokines (IL-2, IFN- γ and TNF-α), a decrease in Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10) and an increase in Th17 (IL-17). These findings confirm the potential use of medicinal plants in the management of schistosomiasis.
perfil do câncer de mama no Hospital da Mulher em Salvador/Bahia
Authors: Machado Ulisses Salomão de Almeida , Pedreira Neves Júnior Murilo , Oliveira da Silva Moisés , Costa Sarno Neves Rafael
Published: February 2024

Introdução: o câncer de mama é um desafio para a ciência, tendo em vista a variedade de fatores prognósticos e sua importância para o tratamento da doença. Objetivo: este trabalho é um estudo observacional descritivo e retrospectivo, que buscou descrever os fatores prognósticos do câncer de mama e traçar um padrão estatístico de carcinoma ducal invasivo de mama, oriundas do Hospital da Mulher, em Salvador/Bahiam. Metodologia: foram selecionadas 463 amostras de imunohistoquímica, diagnosticadas no Centro de Estudos em Anatomia Patológica (CEAP) no período de dezembro de 2016 a dezembro de 2018, das quais foram analisadas variáveis como idade do paciente, grau histológico, expressão de receptores hormonais, presença da expressão de HER2, contagem de Ki-67 e tipo histológico. Não obtivemos informações acerca da procedência ou naturalidade dos pacientes, pois os exames de imunohistoquímicas não contém essas informações. Apenas informações acerca do produto da biópsia e idade das pacientes. Não encontramos caso de carcinoma de mama em pacientes do sexo masculino neste estudo, em todos os exames analisados. Resultados:a média de idade dos pacientes foi de 55 anos. O grau histológico foi avaliado como grau 1 em 14,32% dos casos, como grau 2 em 58,88% e como grau 3 em 26,79%. Foi observada expressão de receptor de estrógeno em 72,62% dos casos, expressão de receptor de progesterona em 63,71%, presença de HER2 em 15,33% e Ki-67 > 15% em 39,52%. Quanto ao tipo histológico, 49,5% foi Luminal A, 20,1% Triplo Negativo, 15,3% Luminal B, 8,2% HER2 positivo e 6,9% Triplo Positivo. Conclusão: tais resultados mostraram semelhanças e diferenças quando comparados aos de estudos semelhantes conduzidos dentro e fora do Brasil.
Impacto do tempo de internação sobre a força muscular periférica, estado funcional e qualidade de vida em pacientes hospitalizados no Hospital Universitário de Salvador-BA
Authors: Lima Thaysa Vitorio de , Alves Beatriz Boaventura de Carvalho , Silva Cássio Magalhães da Silva e
Published: February 2024

Introdução: o tempo prolongado que o paciente passa imobilizado tem o potencial de gerar diversas repercussões fisiológicas. A fraqueza muscular generalizada interfere diretamente na qualidade de vida (QV) desses pacientes, e estas limitações podem permanecer por até cinco anos após a alta. Objetivo: verificar o impacto do tempo de internação sobre a força muscular periférica, estado funcional e qualidade de vida em pacientes hospitalizados no Hospital Universitário de Salvador-BA. Metodologia: estudo analítico prospectivo, observacional, longitudinal, de não inferioridade realizado na clínica médica do Hospital Universitário Professor dgar Santos. A coleta foi realizada entre setembro de 2021 a maio de 2022. Incluídos os pacientes que estavam admitidos no serviço de fisioterapia, ≥18 anos, de ambos os sexos. Os instrumentos e desfechos foram: Medical Research Council sum-score (MRCSS) – força muscular periférica, Escala de Estado Funcional em UTI – Functional Status Score for the Intensive Care Unit (FSS-ICU) – estado funcional e World Health Organization Quality of Life – Brief Form (WHOQOL-Bref) – qualidade de vida, sendo feita duas avaliações. Resultados: foram analisados 33 pacientes. Possuíam mediana de 42 (27-54,5) anos, sexo feminino (60,6%), com tempode internamento ≥13 dias (60,6%), deficiência do sistema cardiorrespiratório ou gastrointestinal (24,2%), diabetes mellitus tipo 2 ou lúpus eritematoso sistêmico (12,1%), internados por razões clínicas (97%). Ao comparar os desfechos segundo estratificação de tempo de internamento não foi encontrada diferença significativa para a variável de força muscular periférica na alta e admissão, bem como do estado funcional na admissão (p>0,05) e na alta (35 (34-35) – 33 (31,2-35); p>0,05), favorável aos pacientes que passaram mais de 13 dias hospitalizados. Não foi observada diferença significativa em todos os domínios avaliados de qualidade de vida (p>0,05). Conclusão: durante o internamento não houve diferença significativa na força muscular periférica, no estado funcional e na qualidade de vida dos pacientes quando comparado o tempo de internamento.
IF's: uma expressão particular das experiências políticas da classe trabalhadora brasileira no século XX
Authors: Cichaczewski João Carlos , Castro Cloves Alexandre de
Published: February 2024

Este artigo versa sobre os Institutos Federais de Educação, Ciências e Tecnologia (IFs) como produto das experiências de luta da classe trabalhadora brasileira a partir da sua reorganização, nos idos dos anos da década de 1970. O acúmulo constituído pela classe trabalhadora naquele processo resultou em instrumentos de luta e resistência contra as estruturas responsáveis pelas precárias condições de vida da população. Essas ferramentas de luta e resistência foram organizadas e transformadas em instituições de representação na dimensão em que novos sujeitos sociais emergiram na cena como atores políticos. Ao chegar ao governo, por meio de uma coalizão política de centro, constroem uma proposta de educação profissional cuja origem encontra-se nos anais do debate sindical dos anos de 1980.
Direito ao aborto no Brasil: acirramento das disputas entre o movimento conservador e o feminismo anticapitalista no governo Bolsonaro
Authors: Esquenazi Borrego Arelys , Targina Rodrigues Ferraz Ana
Published: February 2024

O artigo visa analisar as disputas em torno do direito ao aborto no Brasil entre o movimento conservador e o movimento feminista anticapitalista. Na contramão de vários países da América Latina, nos quais tem se dado avanços na descriminalização e legalização do direito ao aborto, no Brasil, durante o governo de Jair Bolsonaro, o que se tem conseguido é barrar diversos retrocessos. No entanto, este resultado não deve ser lido apressadamente como uma derrota para o movimento feminista anticapitalista; pelo contrário, é resultado da resistência desse movimento diante de um cenário de intensificação do conservadorismo, do ultraliberalismo, do fascismo e da extrema-direita. A metodologia utilizada é a revisão bibliográfica e a pesquisa documental.
Relações de gênero e raça na organização familiar da classe trabalhadora no Brasil contemporâneo
Authors: Alves de Lima Germine Jéssica , De Menezes Marilda Aparecida , Guimarães Peres Roberta
Published: February 2024

Este trabalho propõe um diálogo teórico entre marxistas feministas, autoras interseccionais e intérpretes do Brasil para discutir o lugar complexo que as famílias da classe trabalhadora brasileiras têm na dinâmica capitalista. Primeiramente, defende uma abordagem dialética para a análise das relações de gênero, raça e classe. Em seguida, discute a posição que as famílias da classe trabalhadora ocupam na relação entre produção e reprodução. Por fim, volta-se às famílias brasileiras na sua concretude, discutindo a complexa trama que envolve a reprodução da força de trabalho e o trabalho produtivo assalariado, num contexto em que racismo e sexismo atravessam organizações familiares que não se resumem ao modelo patriarcal nuclear.
Opressões de gênero e territórios de fronteira no cinema latino-americano contemporâneo realizado entre Argentina, Brasil, Paraguai e Uruguai
Authors: Rebelatto Francieli
Published: February 2024

Este artigo se propõe a entender o cinema como produto social que nos convoca à reflexão sobre as opressões de gênero em nosso continente, a partir das dinâmicas sociais impostas por territórios de fronteiras entre Argentina, Brasil, Paraguai e Uruguai. Analisamos um conjunto de filmes sobre histórias de mulheres que se deslocam entre estas fronteiras desvelando contradições impostas pela sociabilidade capitalista. Filmes como Mulher do Pai, Guarani, Pela Janela e Pasajeras contribuem para debatermos as contradições do sistema capitalista-opressor e a manifestação destas opressões nas relações territoriais e intergeracionais, sendo a arte um espaço privilegiado para a reverberação desta realidade.
Machismo, racismo, capitalismo identitário: as estratégias das empresas para as questões de gênero, raça e sexualidade [Pablo Polese]
Authors: Moura Renan Gomes de
Published: February 2024

Resenha do livro Machismo, racismo, capitalismo identitário: as estratégias das empresas para as questões de gênero, raça e sexualidade, de Pablo Polese (Hedra, 2021).
Electrosynthesis of NbTi and Nb3Sn Superconductors from Oxide Precursors in CaCl2‐Based Melts
Authors: Yan X. Y. , Fray D. J.
Published: October 2005

NbTi and Nb3Sn superconductors have been synthesized directly from the oxides by electro‐deoxidation, where the cathode is made by placing an intimate mixture of the sintered oxide in a molten bath of calcium chloride and sodium chloride. The favored cathodic reaction is the removal of the oxygen from the oxides to form the superconducting intermetallic alloys and not the deposition of calcium. The superconducting properties of the intermetallic compounds are confirmed.
Ultrarapid Engineering of Biomimetic Materials and Tissues: Fabrication of Nano‐ and Microstructures by Plastic Compression
Authors: Brown R. A. , Wiseman M. , Chuo C.‐B. , Cheema U. , Nazhat S. N.
Published: October 2005

Currently, the concept of engineered tissues depends on the ability of cultured cells to fabricate new tissue around a scaffold. This is inherently slow and expensive and has had limited success so far. We report here a new process for the cell‐independent, controlled engineering of biomimetic scaffolds by rapid removal of fluid from hyperhydrated collagen gel (or other) constructs, using plastic compression (PC). PC fabrication produces dense, cellular, mechanically strong native collagen structures with controllable nano‐ and microscale biomimetic structures. The huge‐scale shrinkage (> 100‐fold) provides the ability to introduce controllable mechanical properties, microlayering, and embossed interface topography without cell participation, but with high cell viability. Critically, this takes minutes rather than the conventional days and weeks. The rapidity and biomimetic potential of the PC fabrication process at the mesoscale opens a new route for the production of biomaterials and patient‐customized tissues. It also represents a new concept in ‘engineering’ tissues.
Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles with Defects
Authors: Ischenko V. , Polarz S. , Grote D. , Stavarache V. , Fink K. , Driess M.
Published: October 2005

Zinc oxide in the form of nanoscale materials can be regarded as one of the most important semiconductor oxides at present. However, the question of how chemical defects influence the properties of nanoscale zinc oxide materials has seldom been addressed. In this paper, we report on the introduction of defects into nanoscale ZnO, their comprehensive analysis using a combination of techniques (powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD), X‐ray absorption spectroscopy/extended X‐ray absorption fine structure (XAS/EXAFS), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), magic‐angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS‐NMR), Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR), UV‐vis, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopies coupled with ab‐initio calculations), and the investigation of correlations between the different types of defects. It is seen that defect‐rich zinc oxide can be obtained under kinetically controlled conditions of ZnO formation. This is realized by the thermolysis of molecular, organometallic precursors in which ZnO is pre‐organized on a molecular scale. It is seen that these precursors form ZnO at low temperatures far from thermodynamic equilibrium. The resulting nanocrystalline ZnO is rich in defects. Depending on conditions, ZnO of high microstructural strain, high content of oxygen vacancies, and particular content of heteroatom impurities can be obtained. It is shown how the mentioned defects influence the electronic properties of the semiconductor nanoparticles.
Ferrocene‐Containing Optically Active Liquid‐Crystalline Side‐Chain Polysiloxanes with Planar Chirality
Authors: Brettar J. , Bürgi T. , Donnio B. , Guillon D. , Klappert R. , Scharf T. , Deschenaux R.
Published: October 2005

Optically active liquid‐crystalline side‐chain polysiloxanes have been prepared by grafting planar chiral ferrocene‐based vinyl monomers onto commercially available polyhydrosiloxane. Two ferrocene monomers have been synthesized: a linear‐type monomer, which displays a monotropic chiral smectic C (SC*) phase and enantiotropic smectic A (SA) and chiral N (N*) phases, and a laterally branched monomer, which shows an enantiotropic N* phase. X‐ray diffraction analysis indicates a monomolecular organization of the monomeric units within the smectic layers. The polymers retain the liquid‐crystalline phases of their corresponding monomers. The UV‐vis and circular dichroism (CD) spectra are in agreement with the structure of the monomers and polymers. The molar absorption coefficient (ϵ) and molar circular dichroic absorption coefficient (Δϵ) values of the polymers are proportional to the number of monomeric units grafted onto them. The absolute configuration of the ferrocene carboxylic acid intermediate, used to synthesize the monomers, has been determined on the basis of CD spectra. The helical twisting power (HTP) of the nematogenic monomer and polymer have been determined in E7, and indicate that such materials could be used as chiral dopants. Finally, this study demonstrates that the nature of chiral phases can be controlled by structural engineering of the organic groups only, with ferrocene acting as the source of chirality.
Automatic reaction network generation using RMG for steam cracking of n‐hexane
Authors: Van Geem Kevin M. , Reyniers Marie‐Francoise , Marin Guy B. , Song Jing , Green William H. , Matheu David M.
Published: October 2005

A new reaction mechanism generator RMG is used to automatically construct a pressure dependent kinetic model for the steam cracking of n‐hexane. Comparison between simulated and pilot plant data shows that RMG is able to generate detailed reaction networks that accurately predict the conversion and the yields of the major products although none of the kinetic parameters are fit to the experiments. RMG generates reaction networks based on minimal assumptions, making it possible to test commonly used assumptions such as the μ‐hypothesis and the quasi steady‐state approximation (QSSA) for μ‐radicals, traditionally used in steam cracking,1, 2 as well as in pyrolysis.3 The RMG‐reaction network for n‐hexane confirms that no bimolecular reactions of heavy radical species are important at the examined conditions (COT: 953 K ‐ 1090 K; COP: 0.20 MPa ‐0.24 MPa; <80% conversion), and that the QSSA for the group of μ‐radicals leads to negligible errors. RMG also offers the possibility to estimate the error introduced by neglecting the pressure dependence of most of the reactions. In the case studied, this frequently made (but seldom tested) approximation appears to be justified. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2006
Cleidocranial dysplasia: Molecular genetic analysis and phenotypic‐based description of a Middle European patient group
Authors: Baumert Uwe , Golan Ilan , Redlich Meir , Aknin Jean‐Jacques , Muessig Dieter
Published: October 2005

Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) (OMIM 119600) is a rare dysplasia of osseous and dental tissue. Characteristic features are typical facial and dental appearance plus morphologic anomalies. RUNX2 (OMIM 600211), the responsible gene for CCD, is considered to be a master gene for bone development and bone homeostasis. This study describes the genotype–phenotype correlation based on craniofacial features involving an interdisciplinary approach. Our patient cohort consisted of 31 CCD patients from 20 families; five patients from two families were unavailable for clinical examination. Since CCD mostly affects the craniofacial region, phenotypic characterization of each individual focused on craniofacial and dental aspects. After recording patient medical and family history, the phenotypic data was analyzed using homogeneity analysis (HOMALS), a statistical procedure for data reduction in categorical data analysis. The coding sequence of the RUNX2 gene was analyzed using PCR, direct sequencing, and restriction endonuclease digestion. Eight unpublished and four known heterozygous mutations in a total of 14/20 index patients (70%) were identified. In total, we detected 7 missense mutations, 5 frameshift mutations, and 2 nonsense mutations in 14 index patients (35%, 25%, 10%, respectively). The overall CCD phenotype varied from mild to fullblown expression. Using HOMALS, we were able to discriminate four groups of patients showing significant differences in phenotypic expressivity, thereby simplifying the grouping of our large patient cohort into clear distinguishable entities. Analysis of the mutation patterns revealed that mutational frequency and types of mutations found can be attributed to the gene's structure and function. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Sensorineural hearing loss in children and adults with Williams syndrome
Authors: Marler Jeffrey A. , Elfenbein Jill L. , Ryals Brenda M. , Urban Zsolt , Netzloff Michael L.
Published: October 2005

Williams syndrome (WS) is a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder, most often accompanied by mild‐to‐moderate mental retardation. Individuals with WS show unique communication strengths and impairments that are challenging to treat in community, educational, and vocational settings. Many issues regarding characteristics of auditory sensitivity in WS remain to be resolved. Our purpose was to obtain behavioral (screening and pure‐tone audiometry) and objective (distortion product otoacoustic emission—DPOAE) measures of auditory system function from a group of 27 individuals with WS, 6–48 years of age. These measures were gathered both at an international professional conference (n = 19) and in a clinic setting (n = 8). In the behavioral screening conditions, 16/19 (84%) of the individuals failed the hearing screening; and in the behavioral diagnostic hearing condition, 6/8 (75%) demonstrated sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and 1/8 demonstrated a hearing loss of undetermined type. In the objective DPOAE testing, 19/25 (76%) had DPOAE absolute amplitudes below the 5th percentile for ears with normal hearing [Gorga et al. (1997); Ear Hear 18(6):440–455]. We report SNHL in 14/18 (78%) of school‐age children with WS. Post hoc analyses revealed a significant effect for age, suggesting a pattern of progressive hearing loss. An effect size analysis indicated a clinically meaningful difference in the hearing sensitivity between school‐aged children and adults in the high frequencies (4,000 and 8,000 Hz). Similar hearing loss phenotype was observed in patients with familial nonsyndromic supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS), suggesting that molecular defects in the elastin gene in the pathogenesis of SNHL in WS. This study highlights the importance of early and regular hearing testing for WS patients and suggests that elastin may have a previously unappreciated function in maintaining hearing sensitivity. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Familial gigantism caused by an NSD1 mutation
Authors: van Haelst Mieke M. , Hoogeboom Jeannette J.M. , Baujat Genevieve , Brüggenwirth Hennie T. , Van de Laar Ingrid , Coleman Kim , Rahman Nazneen , Niermeijer Martinus F. , Drop Sten L.S. , Scambler Peter J.
Published: October 2005

A three‐generation family with autosomal dominant segregation of a novel NSD1 mutation (6605G → A, resulting in Cys2202Tyr) is reported. Haploinsufficiency of NSD1 has been identified as the major cause of Sotos syndrome. The overgrowth condition (MIM 117550) is characterized by facial anomalies, macrocephaly, advanced bone age, and learning disabilities. Manifestations in the present family include dramatically increased height, weight, and head circumference together with a long face, large mandible, and large ears, but mental deficiency was absent. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Medial temporal lobe dysgenesis in hypochondroplasia
Authors: Kannu Peter , Hayes Ian M , Mandelstam Simone , Donnan Leo , Savarirayan Ravi
Published: October 2005

We describe two patients who have hypochondroplasia with medial temporal lobe dysgenesis. This association has only been reported once before. Both patients had an FGFR3 mutation: 1620C → A, resulting in Asn540Lys. FGFR3 is expressed in the brain during development and plays a role in hippocampal formation. We suggest FGFR3 mutations might cause cerebral malformations in hypochondroplasia as well as in thanatophoric dysplasia. Further neuroimaging studies of patients with hypochondroplasia and epilepsy or developmental delay may clarify the proportion of patients with hypochondroplasia who have this pattern of central nervous system abnormalities. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Homozygosity for a gross partial gene deletion of the C‐terminal end of ATP7B in a Wilson patient with hepatic and no neurological manifestations
Authors: Møller Lisbeth Birk , Ott Peter , Lund Connie , Horn Nina
Published: October 2005

We identified a partial gene deletion of ATP7B in a patient with Wilson disease with hepatic onset. The deletion covered exon 20 including major parts of the flanking introns. The breakpoints were identified and the size of the deletion determined to be 2144 bp. The deletion is predicted to lead to a mutated protein product containing 45 aberrant amino acids after transmembrane domain 7, and lacking the transmembrane domain 8 as well as the entire C‐terminal cytoplasmic tail. This is the first time a partial gene deletion has been demonstrated in ATP7B. The patient presented at age 10 with hepatic manifestations, including severe jaundice, hepato‐splenomegaly, ascites, and spider naevi. The liver biopsy showed fibrosis and early signs of cirrhosis. There was a Kayser–Fleischer ring but no neurological manifestations. All symptoms disappeared with penicillamine therapy. This suggests that the C‐terminal cytoplasmatic tail of ATP7B, is not essential for its neurological function. Large deletions in ATP7B may be an overlooked cause of Wilson disease. Patients that are homozygotes for deletions may be valuable for the understanding of the function of various regions of the ATP7B protein. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Histopathology and fibrillin‐1 distribution in severe early onset Marfan syndrome
Authors: Summers K.M. , Nataatmadja M. , Xu D. , West M.J. , McGill J.J. , Whight C. , Colley A. , Adès L.C.
Published: October 2005

Marfan syndrome (MFS) is an autosomal dominant condition which may involve the cardiovascular, ocular, skeletal, and other systems. Mutations causing MFS are found in the FBN1 gene, encoding fibrillin‐1, an extracellular matrix protein involved in microfibril formation. In the most severe cases, mutations are generally found in exons 24–32, and children with these mutations usually die in the first years of life, of cardiopulmonary failure. We present clinical, molecular and histopathological studies on a patient with severe early onset MFS. He has a mutation in exon 25 of FBN1, a G>A transition at nucleotide position 3131 that converts the codon TGC, coding for cysteine at position 1044, to TAC, coding for tyrosine (C1044Y). This has resulted in abnormalities of the extracellular matrix and a severe clinical phenotype, although he has survived to the age of 14 years. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
New approach for the refinement of the location of the X‐chromosome breakpoint in a previously described female patient with choroideremia carrying a X;4 translocation
Authors: García‐Hoyos M. , Sanz R. , Diego‐Álvarez D. , Lorda‐Sánchez I. , Trujillo‐Tiebas M.J. , Cantalapiedra D. , Ramos C. , Ayuso C.
Published: October 2005

Choroideremia (CHM) is an X‐linked recessive ophthalmic disease characterized by a progressive degeneration of the choroid and the pigmented epithelium of the retina. We present the genetic characterization of a female patient affected with CHM who has been previously studied cytogenetically and showed a balanced translocation between chromosomes X and 4 [46,X,t(X;4)(q21;p16)]. The breakpoint in the X chromosome lies in the locus of CHM gene and for this reason, we have elucidated whether or not CHM was disrupted in the X chromosome involved in the translocation using different techniques. FISH showed that the 3′UTR and the last exons of the CHM were on the der(X) chromosome, and the 5′UTR and first exons of this gene were on the der(4) chromosome. Expression level analysis revealed that the breakpoint in the der(X) was located between exons 8 and 9 of the CHM gene because the expression level decreased from this point onwards. Based on this result the expression level analysis proved to be a valid method to pinpoint the location of breakpoints when the gene being expressed in peripheral blood is disrupted. Our results confirmed that the CHM gene was indeed disrupted in the X chromosome involved in the translocation. Besides, the nonrandom inactivation of the normal X chromosome observed using a methylation‐specific polymerase chain reaction (M‐PCR) technique explained the CHM in the female patient. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Genetic heterogeneity of deafness phenotypes linked to DFNA4
Authors: Yang Tao , Pfister Markus , Blin Nikolaus , Zenner Hans P. , Pusch Carsten M. , Smith Richard J.H.
Published: October 2005

Mutations in the heavy chain of the class II nonmuscle myosin, MYH14, cause autosomal dominant hearing loss in families linked to the DFNA4 locus. Consistent with this discovery, we identified an S120L mutation in MYH14 in a large German family segregating deafness that links to DFNA4. However, complete screening of the American family that originally defined the DFNA4 locus revealed no mutations in this gene. Furthermore, haplotyping of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) 5′ to MYH14 excludes this gene from the critical region in this family. Our results imply that mutations in another gene result in deafness at the DFNA4 locus. The newly defined candidate region encompasses a region of approximately 19 cM. Several candidate genes have been screened for disease‐causing mutations. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Asplenia in ATR‐X syndrome: A second report
Authors: Leahy Ronan T. , Philip Roy K. , Gibbons Richard J. , Fisher Chris , Suri Mohnish , Reardon William
Published: October 2005

Mutation at the ATR‐X locus is associated with severe mental retardation. Several conditions, initially reported as clinically distinct phenotypes, have now been attributed to ATR‐X mutation. Asplenia, in association with severe mental retardation, has been reported and subsequently demonstrated in one family to be due to ATR‐X mutation. We now report on a second instance of a patient presenting with mental retardation and asplenia who has been shown to have a mutation at the ATR‐X locus. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Further delineation of the phenotype maps for partial trisomy 16q24 and Jacobsen syndrome by a subtle familial translocation t(11;16)(q24.2;q24.1)
Authors: Zahn Susanne , Ehrbrecht Antje , Bosse Kristin , Kalscheuer Vera , Propping Peter , Schwanitz Gesa , Albrecht Beate , Engels Hartmut
Published: October 2005

We report on two cases of distal monosomy 11q and partial trisomy 16q due to a familial subtle translocation detected by FISH subtelomere screening. Exact breakpoint analyses by FISH with panels of BAC probes demonstrated a 9.3–9.5 megabase partial monosomy of 11q24.2‐qter and a 4.9–5.4 megabase partial trisomy of 16q24.1‐qter. The index patient displayed craniofacial dysmorphisms, mild mental retardation and postnatal growth retardation, muscular hypotonia, mild periventricular leukodystrophy, patent ductus arteriosus, thrombocytopenia, recurrent infections, inguinal hernia, cryptorchidism, pes equinovarus, and hearing deficiencies. In his mother's cousin who bears the identical unbalanced translocation, mild mental retardation, patent ductus arteriosus, hypogammaglobulinemia, recurrent infections, unilateral kidney hypoplasia, pes equinovarus, and hearing deficiencies were reported. Since only four descriptions of cryptic or subtle partial trisomies 16q have been published to date, our patients contribute greatly to the delineation of the phenotype of this genomic imbalance. In contrast to this, terminal deletions of the long arm of chromosome 11 cause a haploinsufficiency disorder (Jacobsen syndrome) in which karyotype–phenotype correlations are already being established. Here, our findings contribute to the refinement of a phenotype map for several Jacobsen syndrome features including abnormal brain imaging, renal malformations, thrombocytopenia/pancytopenia, inguinal hernia, testicular ectopy, pes equinovarus, and hearing deficiency. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.