bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sosialisasi Pentingnya Inovasi Produk Pada Filter Coffee Dan Pelatihan Inovasi Produk
Authors: Nugraha Alifian
Published: July 2023

Inovasi produk yaitu sesuatu yang dapat dilihat sebagai kemajuan fungsional produk yang dapat membawa produk selangkah lebih maju dibandingkan dengan produk pesaing. Tujuan utama dari inovasi produk adalah untuk memenuhi permintaan pasar sehingga produk inovasi merupakan salah satu yang dapat digunakan sebagai keunggulan bersaing bagi perusahaan. Pelanggan umumnya menginginkan produk-produk yang inovatif sesuai dengan keinginan mereka. Pelaksanaan kegiatan dimulai tanggal 17 Oktober 2021 sampai dengan 30 November 2021 di UMKM Filter Coffee milik Bapak Dwi Nofiyanata, Desa Kemuningsari, Kecamatan Jember. Kegiatan ini melibatjab 6 mahasiswa dari Progam Studi Ilmu Administrasi Negara dan Niaga. Metode kegiatan yang dilaksanakan yaitu observasi mahasiswa dan Dosen, sosialisasi pentingnya inovasi, pelatihan inovasi produk, monitoring dan evaluasi progam pengabdian kepada masyarakat. Tujuan kegiatan adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan pendapatan usaha Filter Coffee milik Bapak Dwi Nofiyanata melalui progam inovasi produk.Hasil kegiatan ini adalalah UMKM Filter Coffee milik Bapak Dwi Nofiyanata telah memiliki produk inovasi yaitu parfum kopi. Bapak Dwi Nofiyanata mampu melakukan edukasi dan praktik inovasi kepada karyawan sehingga dapat membuat produk inovasi. Produk parfum kopi dikemas dengan kain goni rajut ukuran 15 cm x 8 cm serta diberi label sehingga terlihat lebih menarik. Parfum kopi memiliki manfaat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari, diantaranya menghilangkan aroma tidak sedap di ruangan, sebagai penghias kendaraan roda empat dan bisa menjadikan parfum aroma dalam sebuah ruangan.
Inovasi Penggunaan Media Sosial “Wa” Bisnis (Pelayanan Kantor Desa Wonojati)
Authors: Sunarsiyani Fadillah Endah
Published: July 2023

Pelayanan publik pada Pemerintah Desa di Wonojati memerlukan adanya inovasi agar dapat menggunakan perkembangan digitalisasi media sosial yaitu “WA” Bisnis. Pelaksanaan sosialisasi dan pelatihan penggunaan media sosial “WA” Bisnis (Pelayanan Kantor Desa Wonojati) ini ditujukan kepada perangkat desa agar bisa memanfaatkan teknologi digitalisasi yang lebih mudah dan terjangkau bagi masyarakat desa mengikuti perkembangan jaman.Pelaksanaan kegiatan dimulai pada hari Kamis, tanggal 11 November 2021 di Balai Desa Wonojati Kecamatan Jenggawah-Kabupaten Jember. Kegiatan ini melibatkan 5 (lima) mahasiswa, yaitu: Risang Prasetyo, Muhammad Widyanto, Haggy Rosyadi, Afifatur Rohmah, dan Khoirotul Fitriya. Metode kegiatan yang dilakukan yaitu: pertama dengan mengadakan sosialisasi kepada Perangkat Desa Wonojati mengenai kegunaan media sosial sebagai sarana inovasi pelayanan publik yang mudah dijangkau masyarakat, khususnya pada penggunaan “WA” Bisnis; kedua dengan pelatihan membuat akun “WA” Bisnis beserta pengenalan fitur-fitur di dalamnya yang dapat mempermudah pelayanan kepada masyarakat; dan yang ketiga diharapkan Kantor Desa Wonojati dapat menyambut baik dan mengimplementasikan untuk seterusnya. Tujuan kegiatan ini adalah memberikan sosialisasi edukasi dan pelatihan penggunaan “WA” Bisnis yang lebih memudahkan proses pelayanan kepada masyarakat, khususnya apabila ada permintaan permohonan pengurusan adminduk masyarakat yang diluar jam kerja Kantor Desa Wonojati dapat ditampung, sehingga dapat memperpendek waktu tunggu pengurusan berkas kelengkapan adminduk masyarakat.Hasil kegiatan ini ialah Pemerintahan Desa Wonojati, khususnya bagi Perangkat Desa Wonojati dapat mengetahui dan memanfaatkan perkembangan teknologi digitalisasi dengan cara penggunaan “WA” Bisnis sehingga dapat memudahkan pada pelayanan kepada masyarakat.
Peran Program Puap (Pengembangan Usaha Agribisnis Pedesaan) Gapoktan Jaya Makmur Terhadap Permasalahan Petani Desa Sruni Kecamatan Jenggawah
Authors: Samsudin Moh Safri , Dandi Mohammad , Hadi Mustofa , Husodo Baskoro Purbo , Maharani Ivana Septia
Published: July 2023

Program Pengembangan Usaha Agribisnis Pedesaan (PUAP) prgram Kementerian Pertanian berupa pemberian fasilitas melalui perbantuan modal dana untuk usaha petani yang tergabung melalui Kelompok Tani (POKTAN) pada Gabungan Kelompok Tani (GAPOKTAN). Petani di artikan sebagai orang yang memiliki sawah, penggarap, ataupun buruh tani dalam rangka melakukan pekerjaannya di persawahan. Penelitian ini berlokasi di gapoktan jaya makmur desa sruni kecamatan jenggawah dan mengkaji hasil hasil penelitian yang telah di publikasi pada jurnal ilmiah, buku, dan sumber terpercaya. Data yang di gunakan pada penelitian ini dengan memakai data sekunder melalui hasil penelitian terdahulu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami seluruh kegiatan pada penyertaan modal sebagai peran gapoktan dalam peningkatan dalam kesejahteraan masyarakat desa sruni terhadap pemecahan masalah petani. Program PUAP terhadap kesejahteraan petani di desa Sruni dan pelaksanaan prosedurnya sesuai pada tahapannya.
Membangun Jiwa Kewirausahaan Masyarakat Melalui Usaha Homemade Guna Meningkatkan Pendapatan Di Desa Sruni Kecamatan Jenggawah
Authors: Hotima Siti Husnul
Published: July 2023

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini ditujukan kepada ibu-ibu tani yang ada di Dusun Krajan RT 01 RW 01 Desa Sruni Kecamatan Jenggawah. Kegiatan ini adalah menambah pengetahuan ibu-ibu dalam membangun dan meningkatkan kewirausahaan  untuk mengatasi kesenggangan waktu di saat sudah tidak ada penanaman padi maupun tembakau. Sehingga Solusi alternatif yang dipikirkan adalah dengan mengembangkan jiwa kewirausahaan yang dapat menjadi alat untuk meingkatkan minat berwirausaha dikalangan masyarakat yang mengalami kegagalan dalam pertanian tembakau khususnya bagi ibu ibu petani. Pada dasarnya mereka mempunyai kemampuan atau ketrampilan dalam membuat produk olahan  atau produk buatan sendiri (Homemade).
Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Melalui Home Industri Besek Ikan Di Desa Pekem Kabupaten Bondowoso
Authors: Tripama Bagus , Jalil Abdul , Wahyudi Ferdian Agung , Wahyudi Andri , Ananda Pio Tivar , Azzaini Alvan Maulana
Published: July 2023

Desa Pakem merupakan salah satu Desa di Kecamatan Pakem yang termasuk dari bagian Kabupaten Bondowoso. Masyarakat desa Pakem mayoritas masih dalam kategori miskin yang memerlukan sebuah penanganan serius agar lebih sejahtera. Adanya kerajinan Besek ikan cukup membantu masyarakat khususnya dalam peningkatan perekonomian. Ketersediaan bahan baku berupa bambu sangatlah melimpah di desa pakem karena desa pakem merupakan daerah penghasil bambu, namun yang seringkali menjadi masalah adalah modal untuk membeli bahan baku bambu serta  alat yang digunakan untuk membuat besek ikan  seringkali menjadi penghambat dalam proses pembuatan besek ikan karena harga dan modal untuk membeli bambu dan alat berupa pisau dan gergaji seringkali habis terpakai untuk biaya hidup sehari hari. Solusi permasalahan mitra yakni dengan diadakan sosialisasi menajemen permodalan dan memeribantuan modal dan peralatan Home Industri Besek Ikan. Untuk mengukur keberhasilan kegiatan, maka dilakukan pretest sebelum dimulai pelaksanaan program dan postest setelah kegiatan. Kegiatan Peningakatan pengetahunan masyarakat menegenai mananjemen permodalan berjalan dengan baik dan lancar, tidak ada kendala yang berarti, bahkan terdapat peningkatan pengetuahan tentang manajemen permodalan dalam berwirausaha agar usaha yang dijalankan dapat berkelanjutan. Dari 24 peserta yang hadir di bagi menajdi 2 kelompok KUBE dan draf kepenguruan di serahkan kepada kepala desa untuk ditindaklanjuti dangan legalitas tingkat desa. Pemberian alat dan bahan besek ikan sebagai modal penunjang kesejahtraan mayarakat berhasil karena dari bantuan tersebut memperoleh pendapatan sebesar Rp. 200.000 – 240.000 per orang, perolehan tersebut 50% untuk kebutuhan pokok sehari dan 50% untuk tabungan sebagai modal selanjutnya. Artinya model awal akan terus berkelanjutan dan dapat dijadikan pengasilan untuk kebutuhan sehari hari sehingga dapat tercipta kesejahtraan masyarakat
IMPACT OF DIGITALISATION IN EDUCATION-A LITERATURE REVIEW ANALYSIS
Authors: Shah Vrusty Meet , Shah Dharmesh
Published: July 2023

The paper articulates the various literature on the topic and shows the bibliographic analysis of the literature review. The study reviews current research on the use of digital technologies in education, exploring its effects on teaching and learning processes. Findings suggest that digitalisation can enhance education quality, increase student engagement, and improve learning outcomes. However, challenges such as digital divide and privacy concerns must also be considered.
MARKETING INTELLIGENCE REDEFINED: LEVERAGING THE POWER OF AI FOR SMARTER BUSINESS GROWTH
Authors: Rathod Viraj H.
Published: July 2023

In today's competitive market, businesses must be able to quickly adapt to the ever-changing landscape of marketing. With the rise of artificial intelligence (AI), marketing intelligence is being redefined. AI is revolutionizing the way businesses approach marketing, providing new insights and opportunities for growth. This abstract explores the ways in which businesses can leverage the power of AI to achieve smarter business growth through marketing. By analyzing vast amounts of data, AI can identify patterns and predict future trends, enabling businesses to make informed decisions and tailor their marketing strategies accordingly. Through AI-powered marketing intelligence tools, businesses can automate their marketing efforts, freeing up valuable time and resources for more strategic activities. AI can assist with lead generation, customer segmentation, and personalized messaging, providing a more personalized experience for customers and ultimately driving revenue growth. With the help of AI, businesses can optimize their marketing efforts to reach the right audiences, at the right time, with the right message. This leads to improved customer acquisition, increased customer retention, and ultimately, higher profits. Moreover, AI-powered marketing intelligence can help businesses stay ahead of the competition by delivering real-time insights into market trends and consumer behaviour. By monitoring social media platforms, search engines, and other data sources, businesses can gain a comprehensive view of their target audience, identifying patterns and preferences that can inform marketing strategy. In conclusion, the benefits of leveraging AI for marketing intelligence are numerous. By embracing AI-powered marketing intelligence, businesses can achieve smarter growth, maximize ROI, and deliver exceptional customer experiences. As the world of marketing continues to evolve, AI-powered marketing intelligence will play an increasingly important role in the success of businesses across industries.
Analysis of Program Development, Benefits, and Challenges of Implementing "Kampus Mengajar" in Improving Teaching Skills of Muhammadiyah Makassar University Students
Authors: Ramdani Rezki , Agustan Agustan , Darmuh Muthia Mutmainnah
Published: July 2023

The purpose of this study is to analyse the development of the Kampus Mengajar programme and its role in improving the teaching skills of students at the University of Muhammadiyah Makassar, as well as the opportunities, benefits, and challenges of the program. This research uses a qualitative case study approach, with the participants being students of Muhammadiyah University of Makassar and the school staff, including the principal, teachers, and staff of SDI Bontoramba in Gowa Regency, South Sulawesi. The results showed that the Kampus Mengajar programme plays a very important role in developing and improving student teaching abilities and skills obtained through implemented programmes and teaching assistance in terms of increasing student literacy and numeracy. In addition, other programmes such as technology adaptation and administrative assistance also provide great benefits to the school, especially training on the implementation of online learning and the development of learning media. Teachers in the school are also able to practise directly and develop the ability to use technology in the teaching and learning process with the help of students at Kampus Mengajar. The role of universities also has a major impact on improving students' teaching abilities through evaluation and student teaching feedback. The program's challenges for students are related to a lack of student ability in terms of using technology during learning, as well as some students' low literacy and numeracy skills, requiring more intensive assistance, and also requiring creativity and innovation in creating learning media that are fun, useful, and on target.
Free-Spinning Numerical Simulation of a Novel Vertical Axis Small Water Turbine Generator for Installation in a Water Pipeline
Authors: Werayoot Lahamornchaiyakul  , Nat Kasayapanand
Published: July 2023

The design of a novel vertical-axis small water turbine generator for installation in a pipeline is the primary purpose of this research. The water turbines have been designed as small turbines with a diameter of 48 mm, and they are installed inside a 2-inch or 50.8-mm pipe. In this work, researchers designed a 2D model of domain C and a 3D model of a small water turbine wheel, deflector, and pipeline system by using Autodesk Flow Simulation. The control volume technique was used in the numerical simulation method, and the k-epsilon turbulence model was employed to find the computational results. When the appropriate element meshing for each model section was generated for numerical simulation in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), it was found that the torque from the water turbine modelling changed based on the time domains and was connected to speed relative to the developed force. The next step is to collect the produced lift force, drag force, pressure coefficient (CP), torque, rotational speed, pressure drop, and output power for each turbine using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Results obtained from Autodesk Flow Simulation have shown that a water flow of 0.0015 m3/s and a velocity of 0.74 m/s can run on the designed vertical-axis small water turbine, delivering 6.62 W of maximum mechanical power at 423.13 RPM. The higher the wind turbine efficiency is, more energy will be developed in Thailand
Aerodynamic Performance Enhancement of a Heavy Trucks using Experimental and Computational Investigation
Authors: Mohamed B. Farghaly  , H. H. Sarhan  , E. S. Abdelghany
Published: July 2023

Improving the aerodynamic performance of a heavy vehicles is one of the essential issues used in automotive industry to reduce the fuel consumption. In this work, various drag reduction devices were added to improve the vehicle profiles and the effects of each device were experimentally and computationally investigated. These additional devices are Cap of truck with different angle, Gap device with different length and Flat Flap with different angle and dimensions. 1/50th scale of a standard heavy truck were taken to construct the computational and experimental model. The drag coefficient, contours of turbulence kinetic energy, pressure, velocity, streamlines, velocity vectors were predicted with and without additional devices. The obtained results show that these attached devices have a notable impact on the aerodynamic drag reduction of the heavy vehicles and trucks. Installing all supplementary parts at the same time help to reduce the drag coefficient by about 59 % compared with the truck without any profile’s modifications. Finally, the experimental results show good agreement with the computational results with acceptable percentage error of about 5%.
RELATIONS OF MULTIPLICATIVE GENERALIZED (α,β)- REVERSE DERIVATION AND α- COMMUTING MAPS
Authors: ALBAYRAK Barış
Published: July 2023

In this paper, properties of ideal I of semiprime ring R with multiplicative generalized (α,β)- reverse derivation with determined not necessarily additive map d is studied. We generalized previous studies for different derivations to multiplicative generalized (α,β)- reverse derivation F. We show that [β(p),d(p)]I=0 for all p∈I or [d(p)],α(p)]I=0 for all p∈I under the given different conditions. Also, we give the relationship between map d and anti-automorphism α of semiprime ring R and automorphism β of semiprime ring R. Under the given different conditions, we examine whether d is α- commuting on ideal I or β- commuting on ideal I and obtain new results.
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN GURU PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM DALAM MELAKSANAKAN PENELITIAN TINDAKAN KELAS MELALUI KEGIATAN PEMBINAAN DAN PEMBIMBINGAN
Authors: Budayasti Yanti
Published: July 2023

The research is motivated by the limited capacity of Islamic religious education (PAI) instructors in the Ministry of Religion of Cianjur Regency to conduct Classroom Action Research. Therefore, the researcher attempts to enhance the skills of the teachers of the district. This study employs a qualitative research methodology with action research methods along with mentoring techniques. The data collected are using a variety of methods, such as observation techniques, interviews, and portfolios. Based on the findings and analysis, the Islamic religious education teachers’ ability in conducting action research increased. This is demonstrated by the following. 1) The percentage of PAI teachers engaged in CAR activities which was initially 55%, has improved to 88% after the last cycle. It requires that coaching and mentoring activities for Islamic Religion education teachers have a positive effect on the teacher's ability to carry out PTK.
MANAJEMEN PENDIDIKAN DEMOKRASI DALAM MEMBINA PERILAKU KEBHINEKAAN PADA PONDOK PESANTREN
Authors: Rohmansyah Taupik , Sujiarto Heru , Hanafiah Hanafiah , Khori Ahmad
Published: July 2023

Boarding school’s acceptance of new things while retaining the old things on good terms (ashlah) allows the boarding to survive and align with existing developments and deconstructs new values using the yellow book as a reference, including state, social politics, human rights, sociocultural diversity, and democracy responses.  This study employs a qualitative approach with descriptive methodologies: observation, interviews, and documentation for data gathering, and focuses on management theory. The results demonstrated that each level of management is properly implemented. Furthermore, the term democratic education is not explicitly stated in the curriculum of boarding education; however, the spirit, values, ideas, perceptions, and practices of democracy manifested in daily life, such as the building of the spirit of cooperation in the student’s learning process, appreciation for fellow students and teachers, cleric and kyai, as well as the election of chairman regularly. The curriculum, which is considered to hidden, is firmly stated as numerous characteristics of the boarding school outside the studied ones, such as organizational aspects, social, and cultural systems, yet it is able to affect changes in students' values, perceptions, and actions.Keywords: Management; Democratic Education; Diversity Behavior
CURRENT LEARNING CONDITIONS TO SUPPORT THE NEED ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH MATERIALS AT VOCATIONAL SCHOOL
Authors: Rismasari Rismasari , Syafryadin Syafryadin , Syahrial Syahrial
Published: July 2023

This research investigated the current learning condition to support the need analysis of English materials for Islamic banking majors at vocational schools. Fifty students of Islamic banking majors and one English teacher were the participants in this study.  This study used a mixed-method research design. Researchers collected data from interviews and questionnaires. The researcher created a questionnaire based on the strengths and weaknesses of current situations reviewed from the English materials learning at Islamic banking major. This study found that the current learning condition in learning English at Islamic banking majors at SMKN 4 Lubuklinggau already used English textbooks following the 2013 curriculum, and more than half of the students are also enthusiastic about participating in English learning process. However, it does not meet the students’ and teachers’ needs in the area of learning materials. The English textbooks or materials used are not appropriate for the Islamic banking major. Keywords: Need Analysis; English Materials; Vocational School
THE TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP AT ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOLS IN THE DIGITAL ERA
Authors: Armila Nizma , Sopianingsih Vina
Published: July 2023

Most pesantren, especially in Java, are established on the initiative of Kyai. Kyai’s leadership style is more likely to be authoritarian/paternalistic. This paper research uses a descriptive approach qualitative type of Literature Review Study method to identify, evacuate and synthesize previous studies. The data obtained are parsed regularly in a descriptive analysis for its study nature. A normative sociological approach is also used to enrich the perspective. At the end of this article, a strong relationship between progress in pesantren and leaders who adopt transformative leadership styles is concluded. The transformative leadership styles need to be adopted by pesantren leaders in Indonesia, complemented by recommendations for kyais who intend to shift into transformative ones. Keywords: Islamic Boarding School; Transformational Leadership; Kyai
Out-patient satisfaction assessment at health examination department of regional general hospital of An Giang in 2021
Authors: Le Bao Chau , Nguyen Ngoc Tuy ,   Regional General hospital of An Giang
Published: July 2023

Objective: to describe satisfaction situation of out-patients and some affecting factors at Regional general hospital of An Giang province. Method: Study applied cross sectional design, conducted from March to October 2021. Out-patient satisfaction assessment tool approved by Vietnam ministry of health has been used. 270 patients were completed face-to-face interview to describe their satisfaction with services received. In addition, 4 in-depth interviews were conducted to explored some affecting factors to patient satisfaction. Results: Average scores of patient satisfaction across 5 domains found pretty consistent at the level of 4,1 in the 1-5 scale. Proportion of patients satisfied with accessibility factor was highest (88,51%). The percentage of respondents satisfied with service provision outcomes, health worker attitude, behavior and capacity, service infrastructures and equipments, transperant information and process domain were 87,04%, 86,3%, 84,44% and 76,3% respectively. Patients with higher education tended to reported lower satisfaction level than those at secondary school level or lower. Findings from in-depth interviews showed that clients with health insurance were more satisfied with services. Conclusion: Patient satisfaction level found in this study was rather low compared to expectation and its of other similar hospitals. It is necessary to improve quality of the outpatient health care process and upgrade the infastructures and equipments for this activity. Key words: Satisfaction, out-patient.
Knowledge and practices on dengue prevention of people aged from 18 to 60 years olds in Dak Doa town, Dak Doa district, Gia Lai province in 2022 and associated factors
Authors:   Hanoi University of Public Health, Le Thi Thanh Huong , Nguyen Thanh Binh ,   Gia Lai Center for Disease Control, Dao Le Hoang Minh ,   Hanoi University of Public Health, Nguyen Quynh Anh ,   Hanoi University of Public Health
Published: July 2023

Objective: To describe the knowledge and practice on dengue prevention of people aged from 18 to 60 years olds in Dak Doa town, Dak Doa district, Gia Lai province in 2022 and associated demographic factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from 12/2021 to 6/2022 in Dak Doa town, Dak Doa district, Gia Lai province. A questionnaire was used to interview the study participants to identify their knowledge and practices on dengue prevention. Results: The percentage of respondents with appropriate knowledge and practices were 41% and 31.3% respectively. The study found the relationships between gender, ethics, education level, occupation, household economy and knowledge, practices about dengue fever prevention. Conclusion: Knowledge and practices on dengue prevention of the study participants were relatively low. The study recommends that future studies should differentiate individual and household practices on dengue prevention, and such studies should be implemented in a broader scale. Keywords: Knowledge, practice, dengue fever, Dak Doa, Gia Lai.
A Study on Prospective Green Chemistry Alternatives for Organic Synthesis in Order to Promote Sustainable Development
Authors: Mathur Ankita , Kumar Ankesh , Sunaina
Published: July 2023

This paper outlines the green initiatives aimed at promoting awareness of green chemistry as a viable substitute for conventional methods of organic synthesis. It offers novel insights, tools, and concepts for designing organic synthesis processes that are conducive to preserving environmental and public health, while promoting economic growth. Green chemistry alternatives are vital components in forestalling the risks posed by the hazardous environmental outcomes resulting from traditional synthesis that employ varying chemicals and solvents. This approach is pivotal in our mission to safeguard the planet from the adverse ecological effects of chemical-based processes
Analisis Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen Flicker Place Cafe
Authors: Ernawati  , Jajang burhanudin  , Widya Nurfabillah
Published: July 2023

Sebagai sebuah proses, keputusan konsumen dalam pembelian berfokus pada pemenuhan kebutuhan dari produk atau layanan yang dipilihnya. Adapun faktor yang mempengaruhi proses tersebut diantaranya harga, kualitas dan tempat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui keputusan pembelian konsumen pada Flicker Café Palace yang berada di Kota Tasikmalaya. Menggunakan metode deskriptif, penelitian ini berupayan melakukan analisis data-data hasil obeservasi maupun temuan dari lapangan. Dari studi, ditemukan bahwa respon konsumen dalam keputusan pembelian relatif lebih baik yaitu berdasarkan pilihan yang dianggapnya lebih menguntungkannya.
IRAS 00450+7401 and the Mid-infrared Fade/Burst Cycle of R Coronae Borealis-type Stars
Authors: Burris William A. , Melis Carl , Shafter Allen W. , Panopoulou Georgia V. , Wright E. L. , Costa John Della
Published: July 2023

We present optical and infrared imaging and spectroscopy of the R Coronae Borealis-type (R Cor Bor) star IRAS 00450+7401. Optical spectra further confirm its classification as a cool R Cor Bor system, having a hydrogen-deficient carbon star spectral subclass of HdC5 or later. Mid-infrared spectroscopy reveals the typical ∼8 μm “hump” seen in other R Cor Bor stars and no other features. A modern-epoch spectral energy distribution shows bright emission from hot dust having T
dust > 600 K. Historical infrared data reveal generally cooler dust color temperatures combined with long-term fading trends, but provide no discernible correlation between flux level and temperature. Investigating the most mid-infrared variable R Cor Bor stars found in IRAS, AKARI, and WISE data reveals similar fading trends, bursts that can show a factor of up to 10 change in flux density between epochs, and blackbody-fit dust color temperatures that span 400–1300 K. While some R Cor Bor stars such as IRAS 00450+7401 appear to undergo fade/burst cycles in the mid-infrared, significant gaps in temporal coverage prevent conclusively identifying any preferred timescale for their mid-infrared variability and circumstellar dust temperature changes.
Prebiosignature Molecules Can Be Detected in Temperate Exoplanet Atmospheres with JWST
Authors: Claringbold A. B. , Rimmer P. B. , Rugheimer S. , Shorttle O.
Published: July 2023

The search for biosignatures on exoplanets connects the fields of biology and biochemistry to astronomical observation, with the hope that we might detect evidence of active biological processes on worlds outside the solar system. Here we focus on a complementary aspect of exoplanet characterization connecting astronomy to prebiotic chemistry: the search for molecules associated with the origin of life, prebiosignatures. Prebiosignature surveys in planetary atmospheres offer the potential to both constrain the ubiquity of life in the galaxy and provide important tests of current prebiotic syntheses outside of the laboratory setting. Here, we quantify the minimum abundance of identified prebiosignature molecules that would be required for detection by transmission spectroscopy using JWST. We consider prebiosignatures on five classes of terrestrial planets: an ocean planet, a volcanic planet, a post-impact planet, a super-Earth, and an early-Earth analog. Using a novel modeling and detection test pipeline, with simulated JWST noise, we find the detection thresholds of hydrogen cyanide (

HCN

), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), cyanoacetylene (HC3N), ammonia (NH3), methane (CH4), acetylene (C2H2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitric oxide (NO), formaldehyde (CH2O), and carbon monoxide (CO) in a variety of low-mean-molecular-weight (<5) atmospheres. We test the dependence of these detection thresholds on an M dwarf target star and the number of observed transits, finding that a modest number of transits (1–10) are required to detect prebiosignatures in numerous candidate planets, including TRAPPIST-1e with a high-mean-molecular-weight atmosphere. We find that the Near Infrared Spectrograph G395M/H instrument is best suited for detecting most prebiosignatures.
Doppler Broadening and Line-of-sight Effects in Core-collapse Supernovae and Young Remnants
Authors: Jacovich Taylor , Patnaude Daniel , Slane Patrick , Badenes Carles , Lee Shiu-Hang , Nagataki Shigehiro , Milisavljevic Dan
Published: July 2023

The dynamics and spectral characteristics of supernova ejecta reveal details of the supernova energetics, explosive nucleosynthesis, and evolution of the progenitor. However, in practice, this important diagnostic information is only derived from CCD-resolution X-ray spectra of shock-heated material. If the spectra were to be observed at higher resolution, then important clues to the explosion energetics would be obvious through measurements of bulk Doppler motions and turbulence in the ejecta. Likewise, the unshocked ejecta in supernovae and young remnants are responsible for obscuring the emission from ejecta on the back side of the remnant. In light of these important effects, we present line-of-sight spectral maps of core-collapse supernova remnant models. We explore the bulk Doppler broadening of spectral lines, including line-of-sight effects. We also explore the time-dependent absorption from both shocked and unshocked ejecta. Finally, we discuss how future X-ray missions such as XRISM and Athena will be able to resolve these effects in nearby and extragalactic supernovae and their remnants.
The Solar Minimum Eclipse of 2019 July 2. III. Inferring the Coronal T

e
with a Radiative Differential Emission Measure Inversion
Authors: Boe Benjamin , Downs Cooper , Habbal Shadia
Published: July 2023

Differential emission measure (DEM) inversion methods use the brightness of a set of emission lines to infer the line-of-sight (LOS) distribution of the electron temperature (T

e
) in the corona. DEM inversions have been traditionally performed with collisionally excited lines at wavelengths in the extreme ultraviolet and X-ray. However, such emission is difficult to observe beyond the inner corona (1.5 R
⊙), particularly in coronal holes. Given the importance of the T

e
distribution in the corona for exploring the viability of different heating processes, we introduce an analog of the DEM specifically for radiatively excited coronal emission lines, such as those observed during total solar eclipses (TSEs) and with coronagraphs. This radiative-DEM (R-DEM) inversion utilizes visible and infrared emission lines that are excited by photospheric radiation out to at least 3 R
⊙. Specifically, we use the Fe x (637 nm), Fe xi (789 nm), and Fe xiv (530 nm) coronal emission lines observed during the 2019 July 2 TSE near solar minimum. We find that, despite a large T

e
spread in the inner corona, the distribution converges to an almost isothermal yet bimodal distribution beyond 1.4 R
⊙, with T

e
ranging from 1.1 to 1.4 in coronal holes and from 1.4 to 1.65 MK in quiescent streamers. Application of the R-DEM inversion to the Predictive Science Inc. magnetohydrodynamic simulation for the 2019 eclipse validates the R-DEM method and yields a similar LOS Te
distribution to the eclipse data.
Magnetic Field Extrapolation in Active Region Well Comparable to Observations in Multiple Layers
Authors: Yu Fu , Zhao Jie , Su Yang , Zhu Xiaoshuai , Guo Yang , Shen Jinhua , Li Hui
Published: July 2023

Magnetic field extrapolation is a fundamental tool to reconstruct the three-dimensional magnetic field above the solar photosphere. However, the prevalently used force-free field model might not be applicable in the lower atmosphere with non-negligible plasma β, where the crucial process of flux rope formation and evolution could happen. In this work, we perform extrapolation in active region 12158, based on a recently developed magnetohydrostatic (MHS) method that takes plasma forces into account. By comparing the results with those from the force-free field extrapolation methods, we find that the overall properties, which are characterized by the magnetic free energy and helicity, are roughly the same. The major differences lie in the magnetic configuration and the twist number of the magnetic flux rope (MFR). Unlike previous works either obtained sheared arcades or one coherent flux rope, the MHS method derives two sets of MFR, which are highly twisted and slightly coupled. Specifically, the result in the present work is more comparable to the high-resolution observations from the chromosphere, through the transition region to the corona, such as the filament fibrils, pre-eruptive braiding characteristics, and the eruptive double-J-shaped hot channel. Overall, our work shows that the newly developed MHS method is more promising to reproduce the magnetic fine structures that can well match the observations at multiple layers, and future data-driven simulation based on such extrapolation will benefit in understanding the critical and precise dynamics of flux rope before eruption.
Probing the Circumgalactic Medium with Cosmic Microwave Background Polarization Statistical Anisotropy
Authors: Roy Anirban , van Engelen Alexander , Gluscevic Vera , Battaglia Nicholas
Published: July 2023

As cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons traverse the universe, anisotropies can be induced via Thomson scattering (proportional to the electron density; optical depth) and inverse Compton scattering (proportional to the electron pressure; thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect). Measurements of anisotropy in optical depth τ and Compton y parameters are imprinted by the galaxies and galaxy clusters and are thus sensitive to the thermodynamic properties of the circumgalactic medium and intergalactic medium. We use an analytic halo model to predict the power spectrum of the optical depth (τ
τ), the cross-correlation between the optical depth and the Compton y parameter (τ
y), and the cross-correlation between the optical depth and galaxy clustering (τ
g), and compare this model to cosmological simulations. We constrain the optical depths of halos at z ≲ 3 using a technique originally devised to constrain patchy reionization at a higher redshift range. The forecasted signal-to-noise ratio is 2.6, 8.5, and 13, respectively, for a CMB-S4-like experiment and a Vera C. Rubin Observatory–like optical survey. We show that a joint analysis of these probes can constrain the amplitude of the density profiles of halos to 6.5% and the pressure profiles to 13%. These constraints translate to astrophysical parameters, such as the gas mass fraction, f
g, which can be constrained to 5.3% uncertainty at z ∼ 0. The cross-correlations presented here are complementary to other CMB and galaxy cross-correlations since they do not require spectroscopic galaxy redshifts and are another example of how such correlations are a powerful probe of the astrophysics of galaxy evolution.
HALO7D. III. Chemical Abundances of Milky Way Halo Stars from Medium-resolution Spectra
Authors: McKinnon Kevin A. , Cunningham Emily C. , Rockosi Constance M. , Guhathakurta Puragra , Escala Ivanna , Kirby Evan N. , Deason Alis J.
Published: July 2023

The Halo Assembly in Lambda Cold Dark Matter: Observations in 7 Dimensions (HALO7D) survey measures the kinematics and chemical properties of stars in the Milky Way (MW) stellar halo to learn about the formation of our Galaxy. HALO7D consists of Keck II/DEIMOS spectroscopy and Hubble Space Telescope–measured proper motions of MW halo main-sequence turnoff stars in the four Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey fields. HALO7D consists of deep pencil beams, making it complementary to other contemporary wide-field surveys. We present the [Fe/H] and [α/Fe] abundances for 113 HALO7D stars in the Galactocentric radial range of ∼10–40 kpc along four separate pointings. Using the full 7D chemodynamical data (3D positions, 3D velocities, and abundances) of HALO7D, we measure the velocity anisotropy, β, of the halo velocity ellipsoid for each field and for different metallicity-binned subsamples. We find that two of the four fields have stars on very radial orbits, while the remaining two have stars on more isotropic orbits. Separating the stars into high-, mid-, and low-[Fe/H] bins at −2.2 and −1.1 dex for each field separately, we find differences in the anisotropies between the fields and between the bins; some fields appear dominated by radial orbits in all bins, while other fields show variation between the [Fe/H] bins. These chemodynamical differences are evidence that the HALO7D fields have different fractional contributions from the progenitors that built up the MW stellar halo. Our results highlight the additional information available on smaller spatial scales compared to results from a spherical average of the stellar halo.
Updated Orbital Ephemeris and Detection of Superhump Modulation in X-Ray Band for the Ultra-compact Low Mass X-Ray Binary 4U 1820-30
Authors: Chou Yi , Jhang Yao-Wun
Published: July 2023

The 4U 1820-30 is an ultra-compact low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) near the center of the globular cluster NGC 6624. Its negative orbital period derivative, observed from the phase evolution of its sinusoidal-like orbital variation, contradicts the positive value that was obtained from the theoretical prediction. In this paper, we present the analysis of the 4U 1820-30 orbital modulation from light curves obtained from the Neutron star Interior Composition ExploreR (NICER) observations from 2017 to mid-2022. Combined with historical records, the orbital derivative is measured from the orbital phase evolution between 1976 and 2002 is

P

̇

/

P
=
(
−
5.21
±
0.13
)
×

10

−
8

yr−1. No significant second order orbital period derivative is detected with a 2σ upper limit of

∣

P

̈

∣
<
5.48
×

10

−
22

s s−2. We discuss the possible intrinsic orbital period derivative of 4U 1820-30 and suggest that this binary system may have a significant mass outflow similar to some other LMXBs. In addition, a periodic modulation with a period of 691.6 ± 0.7 s, which is consistent with the superhump period discovered in the far-ultraviolet band of the Hubble Space Telescope, was also detected in the X-ray light curves that were collected by NICER. We conclude that this modulation is probably caused by a period of 0.8 ± 0.1 day apsidal precession of the accretion disk, similar to the SU UMa type dwarf novae and some LMXBs. However we cannot exclude the possibility that it is induced by a hierarchical third star that orbits around the binary system.
Inferences from Surface Brightness Fluctuations of Zwicky 3146 via the Sunyaev–Zel’dovich Effect and X-Ray Observations
Authors: Romero Charles E. , Gaspari Massimo , Schellenberger Gerrit , Bhandarkar Tanay , Devlin Mark , Dicker Simon R. , Forman William , Khatri Rishi , Kraft Ralph , Di Mascolo Luca , Mason Brian S. , Moravec Emily , Mroczkowski Tony , Nulsen Paul , Orlowski-Scherer John , Sarmiento Karen Perez , Sarazin Craig , Sievers Jonathan , Su Yuanyuan
Published: July 2023

The galaxy cluster Zwicky 3146 is a sloshing cool-core cluster at z = 0.291 that in Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (SZ) imaging does not appear to exhibit significant pressure substructure in the intracluster medium. We perform a surface brightness fluctuation analysis via Fourier amplitude spectra on SZ (MUSTANG-2) and X-ray (XMM-Newton) images of this cluster. These surface brightness fluctuations can be deprojected to infer pressure and density fluctuations from the SZ and X-ray data, respectively. In the central region (Ring 1, r < 100″ = 440 kpc, in our analysis), we find fluctuation spectra that suggest injection scales around 200 kpc (∼140 kpc from pressure fluctuations and ∼250 kpc from density fluctuations). When comparing the pressure and density fluctuations in the central region, we observe a change in the effective thermodynamic state from large to small scales, from isobaric (likely due to the slow sloshing) to adiabatic (due to more vigorous motions). By leveraging scalings from hydrodynamical simulations, we find an average 3D Mach number ≈0.5. We further compare our results to other studies of Zwicky 3146 and, more broadly, to other studies of fluctuations in other clusters.
Drop in the Hard Pulsed Fraction and a Candidate Cyclotron Line in IGR J16320–4751 Seen by NuSTAR
Authors: Bodaghee A. , Chiu J.-L. , Tomsick J. A. , Bhalerao V. , Bottacini E. , Clavel M. , Cox C. , Fürst F. , Middleton M. J. , Rahoui F. , Rodriguez J. , Romano P. , Wilms J.
Published: July 2023

We report on a timing and spectral analysis of a 50 ks NuSTAR observation of IGR J16320−4751 (= AX J1631.9−4752), a high-mass X-ray binary hosting a slowly rotating neutron star. In this observation from 2015, the spin period was 1308.8 ± 0.4 s giving a period derivative

P

̇

∼
2
×

10

−
8

s s−1 when compared with the period measured in 2004. In addition, the pulsed fraction decreased as a function of energy, as opposed to the constant trend that was seen previously. This suggests a change in the accretion geometry of the system during the intervening 11 yr. The phase-averaged spectra were fit with the typical model for accreting pulsars: a power law with an exponential cutoff. This left positive residuals at 6.4 keV attributable to the known iron Kα line, as well as negative residuals around 14 keV from a candidate cyclotron line detected at a significance of 5σ. We found no significant differences in the spectral parameters across the spin period, other than the expected changes in flux and component normalizations. A flare lasting around 5 ks was captured during the first half of the observation, where the X-ray emission hardened and the local column density decreased. Finally, the binary orbital period was refined to 8.9912 ± 0.0078 days thanks to Swift/BAT monitoring data from 2005–2022.
Misaligned Jets from Sgr A* and the Origin of Fermi/eROSITA Bubbles
Authors: Sarkar Kartick C. , Mondal Santanu , Sharma Prateek , Piran Tsvi
Published: July 2023

One of the leading explanations for the origin of Fermi Bubbles is past jet activity in the Galactic center supermassive black hole Sgr A*. The claimed jets are often assumed to be perpendicular to the Galactic plane. Motivated by the orientation of pc-scale nuclear stellar disk and gas streams, as well as a low inclination of the accretion disk around Sgr A* inferred by the Event Horizon Telescope, we perform hydrodynamical simulations of nuclear jets significantly tilted relative to the Galactic rotation axis. The observed axisymmetry and hemisymmetry (north–south symmetry) of Fermi/eROSITA bubbles (FEBs) due to quasi-steady jets in Sgr A* could be produced if the jet had a super-Eddington power (≳5 × 1044 erg s−1) for a short time (jet active period ≲6 kyr) for a reasonable jet opening angle (≲10°). Such powerful explosions are, however, incompatible with the observed O viii/O vii line ratio toward the bubbles, even after considering electron–proton temperature nonequilibrium. We argue that the only remaining options for producing FEBs are (i) a low-luminosity (≈1040.5−41 erg s−1) magnetically dominated jet or accretion wind from the Sgr A*, or (ii) a supernovae or tidal disruption event driven wind of a similar luminosity from the Galactic center.
A Catalog of Young Stellar Objects from the LAMOST and ZTF Surveys
Authors: Zhang Jingyi , Zhang Yanxia , Kang Zihan , Li Changhua , Zhao Yongheng
Published: July 2023

As astronomical data sets become too large for traditional analysis approaches, more machine-learning algorithms are employed in astronomy. A wealth of light variation data have been accumulated, which provide rich samples for astronomers to study variable stars. Facing the challenge of big data, this article takes the classification of variable and transient objects observed by the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) as the main goal, and a self-paced ensemble (SPE) imbalanced-learning classifier is constructed to separate different classes. The performance of the classifier reveals that SPE is better than a traditional imbalanced-learning algorithm for the minority classes. In our work, the SPE classifier is satisfactory for young stellar objects (YSOs), and the completeness (recall) of YSOs is enhanced to 91%. As a result, 868,371 ZTF sources are classified into 15 classes by this classifier, which contains 8210 YSO candidates (YSO_prob ≥ 0.70). In order to further identify YSO candidates, these candidates are crossmatched with LAMOST DR9. Finally, 833 candidates are observed by LAMOST, among them 379 objects that are known YSOs in SIMBAD. For the remaining objects with good-quality LAMOST spectra, we visually check their spectral characteristics, and 238 objects are newly confirmed YSOs. These newfound YSOs supplement the present YSO sample, and other YSO candidates may be used for follow-up observation, which is useful for characterizing YSOs, finding more YSOs, and then giving a better stellar evolution model in the future. The classified ZTF sources by SPE provide reference to the study of variables and transients.
Diversity and bioactivity of sediment-associated fungi from a mangrove forest in Mexico with different conservation conditions
Authors: Lagunes Irene , Lumbreras-Martínez Homero , Espinoza César , Padrón José M. , López-Portillo Jorge , Trigos Ángel
Published: July 2023

The biological importance of rhizosphere sediment-associated fungi in mangroves is poorly understood, especially when they are affected by high salinity and anaerobiosis in disturbed areas. This study evaluated the fungal diversity in the rhizosphere sediments of three mangrove species associated with three conservation conditions of mangrove forests in preserved, semi-preserved, and deteriorated areas. In addition, fungal bioactivity was correlated to the fungal diversity found in mangrove species from each area. We isolated 50 fungal strains belonging to three phyla, seven classes, and 10 orders. The fungal diversity was higher in the preserved area (H' = 2.22) than in the semi-preserved (H' = 1.73) and deteriorated areas (H' = 1.68); the redundancy analysis showed a tendency of fungal accumulation towards the rhizosphere of Rhizophora mangle and Avicennia germinans in the preserved and semi-preserved areas. In addition, the redundancy analysis showed that 10 bioactive fungi genera tended to accumulate on the rhizosphere of R. mangle and A. germinans in the preserved and semi-preserved areas. The preserved area is related to the semi-preserved area, with a 28% Jaccard similarity coefficient. The diversity and bioactivity of the isolated fungi encourage the need to conserve and restore mangrove ecosystems considering their current and potential services, such as bioprospecting new pharmacological compounds.