bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ADENOSINE DEAMINASE LEVEL IN DRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS
Authors:   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Kwara State University, Nigeria., Pelumi Daniel Adewole , Folayemi Veronica Owolabi ,   Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Kwara State University, Nigeria., Adedayo Olabode Adelakun ,   Great River Health System, West Burlington Iowa, USA.
Published: September 2021

Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the health problems in Nigeria and worldwide. Adenosine Deaminase acts in proliferation and differentiation of lymphocyte, especially T lymphocyte. It also acts in maturation of monocytes transforming them to macrophage. Adenosine Deaminase is a significant indicator of active cellular immunity. Adenosine Deaminase has been proposed to be a useful surrogate marker for TB because it can be detected in body fluids such as pleural, pericardial and peritoneal fluid. This study aimed to determine the relationship between Adenosine Deaminase and drug Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) among patients attending Tuberculosis Clinic in Government Chest Hospital, Jericho, Oyo State, Nigeria. Methodology: A prospective case-control study involving thirty (30) Multi-Drug Resistance Tuberculosis patients and thirty (30) apparently healthy participants in Tuberculosis Clinic in Government Chest Clinic Hospital, Jericho, Oyo State, Nigeria. Theparticipants socio-demographic data was obtained using questionnaire. Sputum samples were collected from each patient from the two groups of participants in leak proof screw capped specimen containers. About 5 mL of venous blood sample was collected from the antecubital fossa of the study participants into vacutainer plain tubes. Sputum samples collected were analysed for Mycobacterium tuberculosis using Gene Xpert. Blood sample collected was analyzed for Adenosine Deaminase using ELISA method. The prevalence of MDR-TB was 0.18%, majority of MDR-TB were within age of 15-30 years with mean age 36.30Â±13.40 years with female having 63.3% and male 36.7%. Among MDR-TB, the meanÂ±SD Adenosine Deaminase activity was 37.67Â±15.25 IU/L and among Healthy controls, the meanÂ±SD of Adenosine Deaminase was 12.26Â±5.11 IU/L. There was significance increased in ADA activity among MDR-TB participants when compared to Healthy controls at p-value<0.05 (p=0.001). ADA level of 18 IU/L cut off point has a sensitivity of 90.0%, specificity of 87.0% and diagnostic accuracy of 88.0%. In conclusion, there was moderately high prevalence of MDR-TB among the study participants. There was increased in ADA levels among MDR-TB. High sensitivity and specificity of ADA activity was observed among MDR-TB. This might be a useful alternative test to diagnose and rule out drug resistance tuberculosis.
KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS NEW CLASSIFICATION: PERIODONTAL DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT AMONG DENTAL PRACTITIONER IN MAHARASHTRA AND MADHYA PRADESH INDIA
Authors: Mishra Rohit , Choudhary Anushree , Kothare Reshu , S. Jaiswal Chirag , Tiwari Garima , Mahawar Tanvee
Published: September 2021

This study is to compare the knowledge of general dental practitioner towards the New Periodontal Classification 2017.Comparision was done based on the questionair answered by different dental practitioner in Maharashtra & Madhya Pradesh,India.questions were related to the diagnosis , treatment options ,referal to periodontists and requirement of further Continuing Dental education in terms of New Classification.
A STUDY OF THE CHARACTERISTICS AND SELECTION OF DOPED MATERIALS FOR NIO TO OPTIMIZE GAS SENSING
Authors:   Student, Masters of Technology, Department of Electronics and Communications, IET, Ayodhya., Singh Monika , Mishra Shriom ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communications,IET, Ayodhya., Jain Shiksha ,   Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communications,IET, Ayodhya., Saxena Mukul ,   Research Scholar, Department of Nanotechnology, Centre of Advanced Studies, Lucknow.
Published: September 2021

Gas sensing of hazardous has become a great challenge for several decades. Recently, technical and industrial advancements uninterruptedly produce the emission of hazardous and poisonous gases that are detrimental to human life as a consequence gas detecting devices that are extremely sensitive and selective to such gases are in a high demand. Presently, gas sensors based on p-type NiO are attracting more attention, because of its outstanding repeatability, high specific surface areas, strong sensitivity, cheap cost and environmental friendly. Herein, we evaluated the various production techniques on p-type NiO nanostructures and their use as gas sensors. The basic gas sensing process linked to the p-type NiO is briefly described. The impacts of noble metals, transition metals, and transition metal dichalcogenide and phosphors materials on the NiO gas sensing performance are also examined in depth. With various level of doping, heterostructure NiO depicts improved sensing performance for gases like HCHO, NH3, NO2, C2H5OH and H2. The arrangement of different semiconductor metal oxides to create heterostructures which further enhance the selectivity and sensitivity of the sensing parameters is also addressed. Heterostructure NiO has enhanced sensing capability for gases such as HCHO, NH3, NO2, C2H5OH, and H2 with varying levels of doping. There are many literatures on heterostructures linked to NiO based sensor significantly in last decade. The current work will aid researchers in the selection of doped materials for NiO gas sensors in order to enhance sensitivity.
SARS-CoV-2 surrogate (Phi6) environmental persistence within free-living amoebae
Authors: Dey Rafik , Dlusskaya Elena , Ashbolt Nicholas J.
Published: September 2021

The reported persistence of SARS-CoV-2 virions in aquatic environments highlights the need to better understand potential mechanisms that may prolong its dissemination. We evaluated the possibility that amoebae might serve as transport hosts by studying the interaction of the enveloped bacteriophage Phi6, as a potential surrogated along with one of the most common amoebae in engineered aquatic environments, Vermamoeba vermiformis. Using microscopy, imaging flow cytometry and bacteriophage cell culture, our results imply that the SARS-CoV-2 surrogate triggers amoebic mitochondria and induced apoptosis to promote viral persistence in trophozoites. Furthermore, virus-infected amoebae were still infectious after 2 months within FLA cysts. These results suggest that amoebae could contribute to the environmental persistence of SARS-CoV-2, including disinfection processes. In addition, amoebae could be a successful model system for understanding respiratory virus-eukaryotic biology at the cellular and molecular levels.
Retraction Notice To: Potential Health Benefits of Broccoli-A Chemico-Biological Overview
Authors: Vasanthi Hannah R. , Mukherjee Subhendu , Das Dipak K.
Published: September 2021

The article “Potential health benefits of broccoli- a chemico-biological overview, published in Mini-Rev Med Chem 2009
Jun;9(6):749-59. By Hannah R. Vasanthi, Subhendu Mukherjee and Dipak K. Das” has been retracted by the Editorial office of
the journal Mini-reviews in Medicinal Chemistry, as the text in this review article are from sources which have been retracted
or under investigation on the basis of data fabrication and falsification, authorship misconduct, duplicate publication, unethical
research practices, text recycling/self-plagiarism, and unresolved concerns about data integrity and research conduct. The authors
were informed of this complaint and were requested to give justification on the matter in their defense [1]. Some sources
that have been retracted are as follows:

1) Agarwal et al. Dynamic Action of Carotenoids in Cardioprotection and Maintenance of Cardiac Health, Molecules 2012,
17, 4755-4769. http: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24896014/

2) Nagendran Balasundram, KalyanaSundram, SamirSamman. Phenolic compounds in plants and agri-industrial byproducts:
Antioxidant activity, occurrence, and potential uses. Food Chemistry 2006, 99(1), 191-203.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0308814605006242

Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused. The Bentham Editorial
Policy on Article Retraction can be found at https://benthamscience.com/editorial-policies-main.php.

REFERENCES

[1] Hannah R Vasanthi, Subhendu Mukherjee, Dipak K Das. Potential health benefits of broccoli- a chemico-biological
overview. Mini Rev Med Chem., 2009, 9(6), 749-759. doi: 10.2174/138955709788452685.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19519500/

Bentham Science Disclaimer:

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of their article is transferred to the publishers if and when the article is accepted for publication.
Vivienda en el desarrollo urbano
Authors:   Universidad de Londres, Wakely Patrick
Published: September 2021

Vivienda en el desarrollo urbano examina la gama de políticas estratégicas alternativas que han sido empleadas por las agencias de vivienda estatales para este fin. Estas van desde la entrada del sector público en el mercado de la vivienda urbana a través de la construcción directa de “vivienda pública” (“convencional”) que se arrienda o transfiere a beneficiarios de bajos ingresos a tasas inferiores a las del mercado, hasta la provisión de apoyo financiero (subsidios) e incentivos no financieros para productores y consumidores del sector privado de viviendas urbanas, y para la administración de programas (“no convencionales”) de apoyos sociales, técnicos y legislativos que permitan la producción, mantenimiento y gestión de viviendas socialmente aceptables a precios y costos que sean asequibles para familias y comunidades urbanas de bajos ingresos. Se concluye con una breve revisión de la dirección que las políticas de vivienda pública han tomado durante el comienzo del siglo xxi y una reflexión sobre “adónde ir ahora”, haciendo una distinción entre las estrategias de “vivienda pública” y “vivienda social” y cómo pueden ser combinadas en un paradigma de “asociación” para el siglo XXI.
Team Building Through Team Video Games: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Keith Mark J , Dean Douglas L , Gaskin James , Anderson Greg
Published: September 2021

Background

Organizations of all types require the use of teams. Poor team member engagement costs billions of US dollars annually.

Objective

This study aimed to explain how team building can be accomplished with team video gaming based on a team cohesion model enhanced by team flow theory.

Methods

In this controlled experiment, teams were randomly assigned to a team video gaming treatment or a control treatment. Team productivity was measured during both pretreatment and posttreatment team tasks. After the pretest, teams who were involved in the team video gaming treatment competed against other teams by playing the Halo or Rock Band video game for 45 minutes. After the pretest, teams in the control treatment worked alone for 45 minutes. Then, all teams completed the posttest team activity. This same experimental protocol was conducted on 2 different team tasks.

Results

For both tasks, teams in the team video gaming treatment increased their productivity significantly more (F1=8.760, P=.004) on the posttest task than teams in the control treatment. Our flow-based theoretical model explained team performance improvement more than twice as well (R2=40.6%) than prior related research (R2=18.5%).

Conclusions

The focused immersion caused by team video gaming increased team performance while the enjoyment component of flow decreased team performance on the posttest. Both flow and team cohesion contributed to team performance, with flow contributing more than cohesion. Team video gaming did not increase team cohesion, so team video gaming effects are independent of cohesion. Team video gaming is a valid practical method for developing and improving newly formed teams.
Peer Review of “Technologies to Support Assessment of Movement During Video Consultations: Exploratory Study” (Preprint)
Authors: George Immanuel Victor
Published: September 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

This is a peer review report.
Peer Review of “Technologies to Support Assessment of Movement During Video Consultations: Exploratory Study” (Preprint)
Authors: Ciorap Radu
Published: September 2021

UNSTRUCTURED

This is a peer review report.
Use of Accounting Information System, Accounting Standards of Small and Medium Entitles in SmallL and Medium Micro Businessesin Mojokerto Regency, East Java Province
Authors: Lasiyono Untung , Anto Suhary
Published: September 2021

This study is a qualitative study that analyzed Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Mojokerto Regency, East Java Province in carrying out financial reporting through an accounting information system based on Financial Accounting Standards for Micro, Small and Medium-sized Entities (FAS EMKM). The research was conducted in the Mojokerto Regency, East Java Province where the research subjects were MSMEs actors, while the object studied was an accounting information system based on financial accounting standards for micro, small and medium entities in MSMEs. By using a triangulation approach in collecting data, namely interviews, observations and documentation, the data analysis carried out also refers to a triangulation approach, so that the data obtained are then analyzed and discussed with reference to theory and empirical. The results of data analysis show that MSMEs actors have not as a whole implemented an accounting information system. MSMEs actors only record simple transactions including sales, purchases, debts, receivables, profit or loss. Likewise, because the accounting information system has not been implemented, the financial accounting standards of micro, small and medium entities have not been implemented by MSMEs actors.
El olvido previo a Internet: los orígenes del actual derecho al olvido digital
Authors: Moreno Bobadilla Ángela
Published: September 2021

El derecho al olvido digital se ha convertido en cuestión de capital importancia, debido a la ausencia de fronteras espaciales y temporales propias de Internet. Para poder comprender todo lo relacionado con este derecho emergente, es necesario analizar cuál es su verdadero origen, que es previo a la era digital. La principal finalidad que tiene llevar a cabo este background es tener un conocimiento más profundo y exhaustivo de sus orígenes, que se remontan a finales del siglo XIX, y que se encuentran, principalmente, en Estados Unidos y en Francia.
La democracia participativa, respuesta a la crisis de la democracia representativa
Authors: Rabasa Gamboa Emilio
Published: September 2021

La tesis central del artículo consiste en argumentar que la crisis de la democracia representativa, debido a una fatiga política que ha generado el descontento y la desconfianza de los ciudadanos representados, con sus representantes, ha provocado el surgimiento, sobre todo en este siglo, de diversos mecanismos de democracia directa, como la consulta popular, el referéndum, el plebiscito, la revocación del mandato y otras que se analizan en el texto. Para fundamentar teóricamente la tesis, se incluyen varios autores de actualidad que han abordado el tema de la crisis de la democracia y las elecciones, como Levitsky y Ziblatt (Cómo mueren las democracias), Yasch Mounk (El pueblo vs la democracia), Temelkuran (Cómo perder un país), Cadena Roa y López Leyva (El malestar con la representación en México) y Van Reybrouck (Contra las elecciones – cómo salvar la democracia). De igual manera, se analiza a mayor profundidad el origen de esa crisis en la génesis de la democracia representa tiva y su diseño, con autores como Benjamin Constant, Hans Kelsen y Roberto Gargarella, a fin de argumentar que esta crisis tiene su origen desde el siglo XVIII, pero ahora se ha acentuado por el cambio de las condiciones económicas, como la caída del creciente bienestar de los treinta a los ochenta del siglo pasado; sociales, como la creciente migración y nueva composición pluriétnica de las sociedades modernas, y la revolución de las comunicaciones con el Internet y las redes sociales. En seguida, se analizan los distintos tipos de democracia (representativa, directa, deliberativa y radical), a fin de proponer la fusión armónica de diversos componentes de la democracia representativa con otros de la democracia participativa) como una solución a la crisis política actual. Se incluye un análisis comparativo de otros países la-tinoamericanos que lo han intentado, como Venezuela, Ecuador y Bolivia, y se presentan los mecanismos de democracia directa vigentes en México tanto en la Constitución federal (incluida la reforma de diciembre del 2019) como en la Constitución de la Ciudad de México y de otras entidades federativas, como sustento a la tesis central del artículo. Se concluye contraargumentando sobre las dificultades de una ingeniería constitucional que fusionara los dos tipos de democracia.
El amparo judicial y la reforma al sistema de justicia en México (1987-2018)
Authors: Suárez Ávila Alberto Abad
Published: September 2021

El artículo parte de una pregunta relevante para el constitucionalismo mexicano. Después del intenso periodo de tres décadas de reformas al sistema de justicia ¿cuál es la función principal que tiene el amparo judicial hoy? Para dar respuesta a esta pregunta, se plantea una metodología sociojurídica observando dos variables: 1) la modificación en gran escala al diseño institucional del sistema de justicia, y 2) la modificación al amparo judicial específicamente. La hipótesis principal del artículo es que el proceso de reformas al sistema de justicia tuvo un impacto profundo en las nuevas funciones del juicio de amparo judicial, debido a que trajo consigo una amplia miscelánea de nuevos procesos para resolver conflictos, incluso de debido proceso y otras violaciones constitucionales. La conclusión del artículo es que, desde el análisis del diseño constitucional, se aprecia que la reforma judicial ratificó la función controladora del sistema de justicia como la principal del amparo judicial, por encima de otras expectativas construidas en los años previos a su concreción.
Airborne protection for staff is associated with reduced hospital-acquired COVID-19 in English NHS Trusts
Authors: Lawton Tom , Butler Matt , Peters Christine
Published: September 2021

Introduction

Hospital-acquired infection with COVID-19 (HAI) has reduced from 14.3%
to 4.2% over the last year, but substantial differences still exist
between English NHS trusts.

Methods

We assessed rates of HAI, comparing trusts using airborne respiratory
protection (RPE, eg FFP3 masks) for all staff, as a marker of measures
to reduce airborne spread, against those using mostly droplet
precautions (eg surgical masks).

Results/Discussion

RPE use was associated with a 33% reduction in HAI odds in the Delta
wave, and 21% in the Alpha wave (p<0.00001). We recommend all
hospitals make airborne mitigations a priority.
One year of Lung Ultrasound in children with SarsCoV2 infection admitted to a tertiary referral children’s hospital: a retrospective, single-center study, during 2020-2021 period.
Authors: Musolino Anna Maria , Ferro Valentina , Supino Maria Chiara , Boccuzzi Elena , Scateni Simona , Sinibaldi Serena , Cursi Laura , Schingo Paolo Maria , Reale Antonino , Campana Andrea , Raponi Massimiliano , Villani Alberto , Toma Paolo
Published: September 2021

Background: The aim of this study was to analyze the lung ultrasound
(LUS) patterns in combination with clinical-laboratory profiles of
children hospitalized for COVID-19 infection in relation to temporal
trend of the Italian epidemic. Methods: This was a retrospective study
conducted at a pediatric tertiary referral hospital from 15th March 2020
to 15th March 2021. We compared the characteristics of two periods of
the pandemic outbreak, the first one in spring and summer (15th
March-30th September 2020) and the second one in autumn and winter (1st
October 2020-15th March 2021). Results: 28 patients (53.85%) were in
the first period, 24 patients (46.15%) were in the second period. The
disease severity score was significantly higher in the second period
(p=0.02). We observed that the occurrence of the irregular pleural line
was seen more frequently in the second period (87.5% vs 60.71%;
p=0.03). The B-lines were significantly more frequent in children in the
second period (87.5% vs 60%; p=0.03). The several but not-coalescent
B-lines were significantly more frequent in the second period (80% vs
41.7%; p=0.05). The LUS score correlated significantly with the disease
severity score with a strong relationship (r=0.51, p=0.002). The second
phase of the COVID-19 epidemic outbreak had a higher disease severity
score than the first phase with a moderate correlation (r= 0.42;
p=0.01). Conclusion: The LUS plays an important role in the evaluation
of pulmonary involvement in children affected by COVID-19 during
different periods of the pandemic in combination with
clinical-laboratory findings.
Inferring Watershed-scale Mean Snow Magnitude and Distribution Using Multidecadal Snow Reanalysis Patterns and Snow Pillow Observations
Authors: Pflug Justin , Margulis Steven , Lundquist Jessica
Published: September 2021

The magnitude and spatial heterogeneity of snow deposition are difficult
to model in mountainous terrain. Here, we investigated how snow patterns
from a 32-year (1985 – 2016) snow reanalysis in the Tuolumne, Kings,
and Sagehen Creek, California Sierra Nevada watersheds could be used to
improve simulations of winter snow deposition. Remotely-sensed
fractional snow-covered area (fSCA) from dates following peak-snowpack
timing were used to identify dates from different years with similar
fSCA, which indicated similar snow accumulation and depletion patterns.
Historic snow accumulation patterns were then used to 1) relate snow
accumulation observed by snow pillows to watershed-scale estimates of
mean snowfall, and 2) estimate 90 m snow deposition. Finally, snow
deposition fields were used to force snow simulations, the accuracy of
which were evaluated versus airborne lidar snow depth observations.
Except for water-year 2015, which had the shallowest snow estimated in
the Sierra Nevada, normalized snow accumulation and depletion patterns
identified from historic dates with spatially correlated fractional
snow-covered area agreed on average, with absolute differences of less
than 10%. Watershed-scale mean winter snowfall inferred from the
relationship between historic snow accumulation patterns and snow pillow
observations had a ±13% interquartile range of biases between 1985 and
2016. Finally, simulations using 1) historic snow accumulation patterns,
and 2) snow accumulation observed from snow pillows, had snow depth
coefficients of correlations and mean absolute errors that improved by
70% and 27%, respectively, as compared to simulations using a more
common forcing dataset and downscaling technique. This work demonstrates
the real-time benefits of satellite-era snow reanalyses in mountainous
regions with uncertain snowfall magnitude and spatial heterogeneity.
Machine Learning in Medicine: It Has Arrived, Let’s Embrace it
Authors: Pappada scott
Published: September 2021

Machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) in medicine has
arrived in medicine and the healthcare community is experiencing
significant growth in its adoption across numerous patient care
settings. There are countless applications for machine learning and AI
in medicine ranging from patient outcome prediction, to clinical
decision support, to predicting future patient therapeutic setpoints.
This commentary discusses a recent application leveraging machine
learning to predict one year patient survival following orthotopic heart
transplantation. This modeling approach has significant implications in
terms of improving clinical decision making, patient counseling, and
ultimately organ allocation and has been shown to significantly
outperform preexisting algorithms. This commentary also discusses how
adoption and advancement of this modeling approach in the future can
provide increased personalization of patient care. The continued
expansion of information systems and growth of electronic patient data
sources in healthcare will continue to pave the way for increased use
and adoption of data science in medicine. Personalized medicine has been
a long-standing goal of the healthcare community and with machine
learning and AI now being continually incorporated into clinical
settings and practice, this technology is well on the pathway to make a
considerable impact to greatly improve patient care in the near future.
Bacillus subtilis Chassis in Biomanufacturing 4.0
Authors: Zhang Wenbo , Zhu Xinshu , Wang Yan , Li Tao
Published: September 2021

Synthetic biology, an emerging research field, can promote
biomanufacturing by offering various efficient chassis. Engineering
Bacillus subtilis, an important workhorse in industrial biotechnology,
through synthetic biology approaches may be a disruptive innovation.
Advancements in chassis engineering, a synthetic biology strategy for
genome-reduced cell factories, cell-free systems, and synthetic
microbial consortia would be a driving force facilitating microbial
production. We discussed chassis engineering categories and applications
for B. subtilis. Prospects and challenges for chassis engineering in B.
subtilis were also analyzed in this review article.
Mathematical modeling of bulk and directional crystallization with the moving phase transition layer
Authors: Toropova Liubov , Aseev Danil , Osipov Sergei , Ivanov Alexander
Published: September 2021

This paper is devoted to the mathematical modeling of a combined effect
of directional and bulk crystallization in a phase transition layer with
allowance for nucleation and evolution of newly born particles. We
consider two models with and without fluctuations in crystal growth
velocities, which are analytically solved using the saddle-point
technique. The particle-size distribution function, solid-phase fraction
in a supercooled two-phase layer, its thickness and permeability,
solidification velocity, and desupercooling kinetics are defined. This
solution enables us to characterize the mushy layer composition. We show
that the region adjacent to the liquid phase is almost free of crystals
and has a constant temperature gradient. Crystals undergo intense growth
leading to fast mushy layer desupercooling in the middle of a two-phase
region. The mushy region adjacent to the solid material is filled with
the growing solid phase structures and is almost desupercooled.
Adverse events related to Atricure EPi-Sense Coagulation Device - Analysis of the FDA MAUDE database
Authors: Sheth Aakash , Al-Yafeai Zaki , Dominic Paari
Published: September 2021

Introduction: The Atricure EPi-Sense Device is used for the hybrid
convergent procedure, an emerging treatment for persistent atrial
fibrillation and long standing persistent atrial fibrillation. However,
data on the AE related to the EPi-Sense device are scarce. Methods:
Keyword “EPI-SENSE” was searched on the MAUDE database. There were 80
device reports from 2016-2020. After excluding reports when the device
was not returned for evaluation, 79 device reports were included for
final analysis. Results: The adverse events were broadly classified into
11 categories. The most common complications were pericardial effusion
(25.3%), stroke (17.7%) and atrio-esophageal fistula (AEF) (8.9%).
Death was reported in 15 (19%) cases, 3 of which were due to pulmonary
embolism, 6 due to AEF, 3 due to unknown cause, 1 due to sepsis, 2 due
to events related to acute renal failure (ARF). Discussion: Pericardial
effusion is a common AE reported in patients with convergence procedure
and is well documented in the CONVERGE trial. Convergent procedure is
unique in that the epicardial ablations are performed on the posterior
wall with the radiofrequency probe directed towards the heart and away
from the esophagus which in theory should reduce esophageal injuries.
Despite that, a high number of AEF were noticed. Lastly, there were also
some reports of saline perfusion malfunction which can lead to injuries
due to overheating. Conclusion: This analysis of the AE related to the
EPi-Sense device highlights several major adverse events that are
previously unreported.
Phenology dictates the import of climate change on geographic distributions of six co-occurring North American grasshoppers
Authors: Lemoine Nathan
Published: September 2021

Throughout the last century, climate change has altered the geographic
distributions of many species. Insects, in particular, vary in their
ability to track changing climates, and it is likely that phenology is
an important determinant of how well expands can either expand or shift
their geographic distributions in response to climate change.
Grasshoppers are an ideal group to test this hypothesis, given that
co-occurring confamilial, and even congeneric, species can differ in
phenology. Here, I tested the hypothesis that early- and late-season
species should possess different range expansion potentials, as
estimated by habitat suitability from ecological niche models. I used
nine different modeling techniques to estimate habitat suitability of
six grasshopper species of varying phenology under two climate scenarios
for the year 2050. My results support the hypothesis that phenology is
an important determinant of range expansion potential. Early-season
species might shift northward during the spring, while the modeled
geographic distributions of late-season species were generally constant
under climate change, likely because they were pre-adapted to hot and
dry conditions. Phenology might therefore be a good predictor of how
insect distributions might change in the future, and conservation
efforts might focus most heavily on early-season species that are most
impacted by climate change.
Does preoperative bladder compliance affect long-term functional outcomes after laser prostatectomy?
Authors: Yoo Sangjun , Cho Min Chul , Choo Min Soo , Cho Sung Yong , Jeong Hyeon , Son Hwancheol , Oh Seung-June , Paick Jae-Seung
Published: September 2021

Introduction: We assessed the effects of preoperative bladder compliance
on the long-term functional outcomes, especially focused on
postoperative storage symptom changes, after laser prostatectomy.
Materials and Methods: From January 2008 to March 2014, 1608 men who
underwent laser prostatectomy, including holmium laser enucleation or
photo-vaporization of the prostate, were included in the analysis. We
divided patients into 3 groups according to bladder compliance on a
baseline urodynamic study: < 12.5; 12.5–25.0; ≥25 mL/cm H2O.
A multivariable analysis was performed to determine the impact of
bladder compliance on long-term functional outcomes after laser
prostatectomy. Results: Bladder compliance was less than 12.5 ml/cm H2O
in 50 (3.1%), 12.5-25 ml/cm H2O in 232 (14.4%) patients. As bladder
compliance decreased, the baseline International Prostate Symptom
(I-PSS) total score and storage sub-score were increased; the voiding
sub-score remain unchanged. At postoperative 36 months, improvements in
the I-PSS total score and storage sub-score were significantly higher in
< 12.5 mL/cm H2O group compared to other groups, although
those were equivalent at postoperative 1 and 12 months. On the
multivariable analysis, decreased bladder compliance < 12.5
mL/cm H2O was significantly associated with superior improvement in
storage sub-score at postoperative 36 months, although it was not
associated with voiding sub-score. Conclusion: In patients with
preoperative bladder compliance < 12.5 mL/cm H2O, storage
symptoms could be further improved at 36 months after laser
prostatectomy compared to others. Thus, laser prostatectomy could be a
considerable treatment option for patients with severely decreased
bladder compliance
AI Informed Toxicity Screening of Amine Chemistries used in the Synthesis of Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Perovskites
Authors: Su An , Xue Haotian , She Yuanbin , Rajan Krishna
Published: September 2021

This paper describes a machine learning guided framework for screening
the potential toxicity impact of amine chemistries used in the synthesis
of hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites. Using a combination of a
probabilistic molecular fingerprint technique that encodes bond
connectivity (MinHash) coupled to non-linear data dimensionality
reduction methods (UMAP), we develop an “Amine Atlas’. We show how the
Amine Atlas can be used to rapidly screen the relative toxicity levels
of amine molecules used in the synthesis of 2D and 3D perovskites and
help identify safer alternatives. Our work also serves as a framework
for rapidly identifying molecular similarity guided, structure-function
relationships for safer materials chemistries that also incorporate
sustainability/ toxicity concerns.
Successful Treatment of a Keratoacanthoma in a Young Patient with the Application of Topical 5% Imiquimod Cream
Authors: Plachouri Kerasia-Maria , Mulita Francesk , Tchabashvili Levan , Liolis Elias , Kaplanis Charalampos , Perdikaris Ioannis , Iliopoulos Fotis , Verras Georgios-Ioannis , Tolias Vasilios , Georgiou Sophia
Published: September 2021

Keratoacanthomas (KA) are epithelial tumors that present as rapidly
evolving nodules with a central hyperkeratotic plug, and occasionally
show signs of spontaneous regression. A 21-years-old patient strongly
refused the diagnostic biopsy and insisted on a non surgical treatment.
He was successfully treated with imiquimod 5% cream.
Torques and angular momenta of fluid elements in the octonion spaces
Authors: Weng Zi-Hua
Published: September 2021

The paper focuses on applying the octonions to explore the influence of
the external torque on the angular momentum of fluid elements, revealing
the interconnection of the external torque and the vortices of vortex
streets. J. C. Maxwell was the first to introduce the quaternions to
study the physical properties of electromagnetic fields. The
contemporary scholars utilize the quaternions and octonions to
investigate the electromagnetic theory, gravitational theory, quantum
mechanics, special relativity, general relativity and curved spaces and
so forth. The paper adopts the octonions to describe the electromagnetic
and gravitational theories, including the octonionic field potential,
field strength, linear momentum, angular momentum, torque and force and
so on. In case the octonion force is equal to zero, it is able to deduce
eight independent equations, including the fluid continuity equation,
current continuity equation, and force equilibrium equation and so
forth. Especially, one of the eight independent equations will uncover
the interrelation of the external torque and angular momentums of fluid
elements. One of its inferences is that the direction, magnitude and
frequency of the external torque must impact the direction and curl of
the angular momentum of fluid elements, altering the frequencies of
Karman vortex streets within the fluids. It means that the external
torque is interrelated with the velocity circulation, by means of the
liquid viscosity. The external torque is able to exert an influence on
the direction of downwash flows, improving the lift and drag
characteristics generated by the fluids.
DETERMINING THE APPETITE AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF CHILDREN UNDERGOING STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION
Authors: Suluhan Derya , Koacaerkek Hilal , Yildiz Dilek , Koç Nevra , Bozkaya İkbal Ok , Gürsel Orhan , Özbek Namık Yaşar
Published: September 2021

Aim: To determine pre- and post-transplant appetite and nutritional
status of children undergoing stem cell transplantation. Methods: This
study was conducted between November 2018 and November 2020 with 25
children, aged 8-18 years, diagnosed with cancer without secondary
disease and scheduled for stem cell transplantation. Time points: seven
days pre-stem cell transplant (T1); transplant day (T2); Day 1
post-transplantation (T3); Day 14 post-transplantation (T4); and Day 30
post-transplantation (T5). Measurements for treating pediatric anorexia
and cachexia include: height, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC); body
mass index (BMI); and the Pediatric Functional Assessment Scale
(Peds-FAACT). Results: 52% of patients were female, and mean age was
13.2 years. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia was diagnosed in 32% of the
children. There was a statistically significant difference between the
means of body weight over time (p<0.001). By Day 14
post-transplantation, 61% of subjects (n=14) had lost >
5% of body weight. There was a statistically significant difference
between distributions of change in food taste over time, and
distribution of change in food smell (p<0.001,
p<0.001, respectively). Conclusions: Clinical nutrition teams
should closely follow the children’s nutritional status, plan
appropriate nutritional treatment, perform nutritional care, and
evaluate anthropometric measurements.
Cost-effectiveness of home-based care of febrile neutropenia in children with cancer
Authors: Tew Michelle , Lourenco Richard De Abreu , Gordon Joshua , Thursky Karin , Slavin Monica , Babl Franz , Orme Lisa , Bryant Penelope , Teh Benjamin , Dalziel Kim , Haeusler Gabrielle
Published: September 2021

INTRODUCTION Home-based treatment of low-risk febrile neutropenia (FN)
in children with cancer with oral or intravenous antibiotics is safe and
effective. There are limited data on the economic impact of this model
of care. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of implementing a low-risk
FN program, incorporating home-based intravenous antibiotics, in a
tertiary pediatric hospital. METHODS A decision analytic model was
constructed to compare costs and outcomes of the low-risk FN program,
with usual in-hospital treatment with intravenous antibiotics. The
program included a clinical decision rule to identify patients at
low-risk for severe infection and home-based eligibility criteria using
disease, chemotherapy and patient-level factors. Health outcomes
(quality-of-life) and probabilities of FN risk classification and
home-based eligibility were based on prospectively collected data.
Patient-level costs were extracted from hospital records.
Cost-effectiveness was expressed as the incremental cost per
quality-adjusted life year (QALY). FINDINGS The mean healthcare cost of
home-based FN treatment in low-risk patients was A$7,765 per patient
compared to A$20,396 for in-hospital treatment (mean difference
A$12,632 (95% CI,12,496-12,767)). Overall, the low-risk FN program was
the dominant strategy, being more effective (0.0011 QALY (95%
CI,0.0011-0.0012)) and less costly. Results of the model were most
sensitive to proportion of children eligible for home-based care
program. CONCLUSION Compared to in-hospital FN care, the low-risk FN
program is cost-effective, with savings arising from cheaper cost of
caring for children at home. These savings could increase as more
patients eligible for home-based care are included in the program.
Association of UGT1A1*6,*28 or ABCC2 c.3972C>T genetic polymorphisms with irinotecan induced toxicity in Asian cancer patients: Meta-analysis
Authors: Atasilp Chalirmporn , Biswas Mohitosh , Jinda Pimonpan , Nuntharadthanaphong Nutthan , Rachanakul Jiratha , Hongkaew Yaowaluck , Vanwong Natchaya , Saokaew Surasak , Sukasem Chonlaphat
Published: September 2021

Abstract: Background: Effects of UGT1A1*6 and UGT1A1*28 genetic
polymorphisms on irinotecan-induced severe toxicities in Asian cancer
patients are inconclusive. Also, ABCC2 c.3972C>T may affect
toxicity of irinotecan. It was aimed to assess the aggregated risk of
neutropenia or diarrhea in Asian cancer patients taking irinotecan and
inherited UGT1A1*6, UGT1A1*28 or ABCC2 c.3972C>T genetic
variants. Methods: Literature was searched in PubMed for eligible
studies. Odds ratios (ORs) were measured using RevMan software where
P-values<0.05 were statistically significant. Results:
Patients inherited both UGT1A1*6 and UGT1A1*28 genetic variants
(heterozygous:UGT1A1*1/*6+*1/*28 and homozygous:UGT1A1*6/*6+*28/*28)
were significantly associated with increased risk of neutropenia and
diarrhea compared to patients with UGT1A1*1/*1 (Neutropenia: OR 2.89;
95% CI 1.97–4.23; P<0.00001; Diarrhea: OR 2.26; 95% CI
1.71–2.99; P<0.00001). Patients carried homozygous variants
had much stronger effects in developing toxicities (Neutropenia: OR
6.23; 95% CI 3.11–12.47; P<0.00001; Diarrhea: OR 3.21; 95%
CI 2.13–4.85; P<0.00001) than with heterozygous variants.
However, patients carried ABCC2 c.3972C>T genetic variant
were not significantly associated with neutropenia (OR 1.67; 95% CI
0.98–2.84; P=0.06) but reduced diarrhea significantly (OR 0.31; 95% CI
0.11–0.81; P=0.02). Conclusions: Both UGT1A1*6 and UGT1A1*28 genetic
variants should screen in Asian cancer patients to reduce substantially
irinotecan-induced severe toxicities.
Pharmacoethics and Pregnancy: Overcoming the drug orphan stigma
Authors: Kazma Jamil , ASSIGNMENTS) Johannes van den Anker (NO FURTHER , Ahmadzia Homa
Published: September 2021

There is paucity of evidence to support clinical decision making and
counseling related to medication use in pregnancy. Despite multiple
efforts from legislative bodies and advocacy groups, the inclusion of
pregnant women in clinical drug trials assessing efficacy and safety
remains scarce. Pregnancy can be complicated by multiple co-morbidities
that require pharmacological intervention; these interventions primarily
target the pregnant women but also sometimes have secondary effects for
the fetus. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has issued multiple
guidance documents on incorporating pregnant women in clinical trials to
aid pharmaceutical companies in designing a protocol to ensure safety
and adherence to ethical standards. Advances in pediatric pharmacology
studies provide lessons for researchers on the best practice of
designing clinical trials with inclusion of patients from special
populations. In this review, we present the status of pregnant women in
clinical trials, highlighting the ethical stigma and possible future
directives.
COMPLEX TOURETTE'S DISORDER WITH OCD TREATED WITH LITHIUM
Authors: Sekhon Kurrun
Published: September 2021

Tourette’s disorder is a complex neuropsychiatric condition, and
consequently treatment options are also different.. A complicated case
of Tourette’s disorder was seen at our clinic. Treatment with standard
medication was not successful. A trial of lithium seemed to provide
significant cessation of both neurological as well as psychiatric
symptom
Treatment of phalangeal osteomyelitis caused by a cat bite
Authors: Kim Ji Wook , Kim Joo Yong , Kim Doo Sik , Kim Uk Gwan , Kang Dong Hee , KIM JU DEOK
Published: September 2021

In situation of a cat bite, although an external wound is small,
prophylactic antibiotics should be used early and a closed observation
is needed for sufficient periods. If symptoms continue, deep infection
should be considered.
A novel diagnostic model based on differences in clinical characteristics of influenza A and B
Authors: WeiPeng Xiang , Li Che , Miao Zhang , WuTong Gao , Tian Tian , GangJun Chen , YuanShun Huang , MinMin Zhang , YanRong Zhang , ShengMing Liu , XingDong Cai
Published: September 2021

The aim of this study is to construct a clinical distinction model to
help determine the type of influenza by analyzing the clinical
characteristics and hematological indicators of influenza patients
during the influenza season. Demographic characteristics and clinical
data of 726 influenza patients aged 7 years and older from September
2018 to July 2019 were collected, and logistic regression analysis was
used to analyze the impact of different clinical manifestations and
hematological examination indicators on the determination of the value
of the flu type. The common clinical manifestations of influenza
patients were fever (99.2%), pharyngeal congestion (97.1%), cough
(80.4%), sore throat (57.2%), muscle aches (48.8%), and runny nose
(45.2%). Those with onset of illness were 19-49 years of age (OR=
0.335, 95% CI: 0.196-0.573), nasal congestion (OR= 0.566, 95% CI:
0.349-0.919), and fever for more than 3 days (OR= 0.368, 95% CI:
0.214-0.632) tend to diagnosed as influenza B, while those with symptoms
of cough (OR=2.119, 95% CI: 1.322-3.389), headache (OR=1.834, 95% CI:
1.157-2.908), muscle pain (OR=1.811, 95% CI: 1.139-2.880), and blood
CPR>8mg/L (OR=2.315, 95%CI: 1.501-3.589) and the
percentage of neutrophils >70% (OR=2.361, 95%CI:
1.171-4.759) are prone to have influenza A. Combining clinical
manifestations and laboratory findings, we plotted a nomogram by lasso
regression. The distinction model was discriminated using a
C-index（0.765,95% CI 0.716-0.819) and an AUC value (0.772,95% CI
0.696-0.848), showing good prognostic accuracy and clinical
applicability. This distinction model can distinguish well between the
types of influenza,which can provide assistance in early treatment and
prognosis of influenza.
Free triiodothyronine is associated with poor outcome after acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Song Yue , Yang Changqiang , Wang Hua
Published: September 2021

Aims It is unclear whether thyroid hormones are associated with
functional outcome after ischemic stroke. We aimed to investigate the
impact of thyroid hormones at admission on functional outcome at 3
months after acute ischemic stroke. Methods A total of 480 consecutive
patients for ischemic stroke within 48 hours of onset were enrolled in
this study. Thyroid hormones including thyroid-stimulating hormone
(TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) were
measured at admission and functional outcomes were assessed at 3 months
with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) ranging from 0 to 6. Poor outcome
was defined as mRS≥3. Results FT3 levels at admission were considerably
lower in poor outcome patients than those with good outcome at 3 months
(3.53±0.70pmol/L vs 4.04±0.68pmol/L, respectively; P＜0.001). Lower
levels of FT3 were observed with higher mRS scores. Multivariable
logistic regression analysis revealed that FT3 levels were significantly
associated with risk of poor outcome at 3 months independent of
conventional risk factors such as age, NIHSS score and recanalized
therapy. In addition, patients in the bottom quartile of FT3 levels had
a 2.56-fold higher risk of developing poor outcome compared with
patients in the top quartile (OR=2.56; 95%CI 1.15-5.69, p =0.021). The
sensitivity and specificity of FT3 (≤3.69pmol/L) predicting poor outcome
were 62.70% and 72.03% respectively. Conclusion Our study suggests
that FT3 levels at admission are significantly and independently
associated with risk of poor outcome after ischemic stroke and lower FT3
levels can be regarded as a prognostic biomarker for poor outcome at 3
months.
Finite-time stable of time-varying delay Distributed Parameter Systems with input saturation via Periodically Intermittent Control
Authors: Xia Wenhua , Luo Yiping , Zhou Bifeng , Wang Zhujun
Published: September 2021

A class of time-varying delay distributed parameter systems with input
saturation is investigated in this paper. The periodic intermittent
control method is adopted to make the system stable in finite time,
improve the control performance of the system, and save on control cost.
A periodic intermittent controller combined saturated input is designed
to ensure the stability of the proposed system in finite time.
Lyapunov–Krasoviskii stability theory and Matrix inequality techniques
are used to analyze the finite-time stability of the system, and
sufficient conditions for the system to be stable in finite time are
obtained. Finally, the correctness of the theorems is verified by
simulation experiments.