bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Teaching Social Sciences with Digital Literary Products: A Mixed Method Study
Authors: Çelik Türkan
Published: January 2025

In this study, the effect of preparing activities with digital literary products in social studies lesson on pre-service social studies teachers' competencies in using Web 2. 0 tools were tried to be determined. For this purpose, a mixed-methods design was adoptedThe sample of the study consists of of 37 pre-service social studies teachers selected in the context of criterion sampling from purposeful sampling techniques. "Repeated measure ANNOWA" test and "Paired Samples T-Test", which are parametric tests, were used to analyze quantitative data, and content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data. According to the results of the quantitative data analysis, a significant difference was found between the mean scores obtained from the Web 2. 0 Tools Usage Competency Scale (WAKYÖ) at four stages. Similarly, this difference also emerged between the first-second, first-third, first-fourth, second-fourth, and third-fourth measurement pairs. However, no significant difference was found between the second and third measurement mean scores. In addition qualitative data analysis identified four main themes related to positive effects: "becoming competent", "most admired", "affective effects" and "using in the profession". Based on this result, it was concluded that social studies research using digital literary products create a positive difference on the competence of using Web 2. 0 tools and this significant difference was also supported by the qualitative data results.
Investigation of the Mediating Role of Empathy in the Relationship Between Adolescents' Prosocial Behaviors and Bullying Tendencies
Authors: Topuz İrem , Aslan Olcan
Published: January 2025

The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between prosocial behaviors, bullying tendencies, and empathic tendencies among middle school students. The research involved a study cohort comprising 354 students from secondary schools, 54% (n= 190) of whom were female and 46% (n= 164) of whom were male. Data collection was conducted using the KA-SI Empathic Tendency Scale, the Prosocial and Aggressive Behaviors Scale, and the Bullying Tendency Scale. In addition to descriptive statistics, the data was analyzed using Pearson Correlation Analysis and Simple Mediation Analysis. The results of the study indicate that peer bullying has significant negative relationships with empathy and prosocial behaviors. Furthermore, it was determined that empathic tendency serves as a full mediator variable in the relationship between prosocial behaviors and bullying tendencies. The findings were discussed in the context of the existing literature, and various suggestions were provided.
The Effect of Cultural Schemas on Reading Comprehension and Listening Comprehension*
Authors: Öksüz Halil İbrahim , Elalmış Serpil , Yaşartürk İsmail , Akyol Hayati
Published: January 2025

The aim of this study is to reveal the effect of third-grade primary school students' cultural schemas on both reading comprehension and listening comprehension skills. The study group of this descriptive survey model research consists of third-grade primary school students. The data collection process of the study was implemented with 48 third-grade primary school students studying in two different classes. The question scale of the Error Analysis Inventory was used to measure both reading comprehension and listening comprehension skills. In the level determination stage of the study, the text Merve's Diary was used to measure reading comprehension and the text Crack Bucket was used to measure listening comprehension. Baseball and soccer texts were used to examine the effect of cultural schemas on reading comprehension. Similarly, "My Father's Blanket" and "Just the Way We Are", an illustrated storybook about different family structures, were used to reveal the effect of cultural schemas on listening comprehension. According to the results obtained from the findings of the study, culturally familiar texts were better understood than culturally unfamiliar texts in listening and reading comprehension dimensions. From this point of view, it can be interpreted that cultural schemas have an impact on reading comprehension and listening comprehension.
Drape test of fully formed knitted flared skirts based on 3D-printed human body posture
Authors: Cheng Bilian , Jiang Gaoming , Zhang Fanglue , Wan Ailan , Liu Haisang , Li Bingxian , Gao Lizhong
Published: January 2025

This study proposes a novel drape test method for fully formed knitted flared skirts, specifically tailored to account for the three-dimensional (3D) morphology of the human body. The objective is to accurately assess the drape characteristics of such skirts by developing a comprehensive testing approach. First, a 3D human body model in multiple postures was created using 3ds-Max modeling software and then printed with a 3D printer to serve as a customized test stand. The design and knitting principles for the fully formed flared skirt were examined, and samples were produced using a Shima Seiki four-needle bed computerized flat knitting machine. After fitting the skirt samples onto the 3D-printed human model, drape characteristics were measured with a YG811 drape tester. Using 18 sample skirts, the drape data were analyzed with SPSS26.0 software, revealing that the 3D-printed human model method allows for precise measurement of the drape in fully formed knitted fabrics. This approach offers a more realistic and accurate assessment of drapes, contributing valuable insights for textile design and evaluation in knitted garment production.
Baicalein inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation and mitigates placental inflammation and oxidative stress in gestational diabetes mellitus
Authors: Yao Jun , Pan Jiaying , Jiang Qiaoying , Wang Hui , Zhao Yiqi
Published: January 2025

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disorder during pregnancy characterized by glucose intolerance, which poses risks to both maternal and fetal health. Baicalein, a flavonoid derived from the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, exhibits various biological functions and has been implicated in the modulation of several diseases. However, the regulatory effects and underlying mechanisms of Baicalein in GDM progression remain unclear. In this study, we found that Baicalein ameliorates metabolic disturbances in GDM mice by improving glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, fasting blood glucose levels, and plasma insulin levels. Additionally, Baicalein treatment positively impacted litter size and birth weight. GDM mice exhibited increased inflammation and oxidative stress, which were mitigated following Baicalein administration (40 mg/kg). Furthermore, elevated protein levels of NLRP3, IL-1β, and IL-18 observed in GDM mice were reduced by Baicalein treatment. In conclusion, Baicalein inhibits the NLRP3 inflammasome and alleviates placental inflammation and oxidative stress associated with GDM. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential therapeutic role of Baicalein in managing GDM.
The therapeutic potential of targeting Oncostatin M and the interleukin-6 family in retinal diseases: A comprehensive review
Authors: Mori Tommaso , Nagaraj Nareshkumar Ragavachetty , Surico Pier Luigi , Zhou Wenjing , Parmar Uday Pratap Singh , D’Esposito Fabiana , Gagliano Caterina , Musa Mutali , Zeppieri Marco
Published: January 2025

Retinal diseases, which can lead to significant vision loss, are complex conditions involving various cellular and molecular mechanisms. The interleukin-6 (IL-6) family, particularly Oncostatin M (OSM), has garnered attention for their roles in retinal inflammation, angiogenesis, and neuroprotection. This comprehensive review explores the dual nature of OSM and other IL-6 family members in retinal pathophysiology, highlighting their contribution to both degenerative and regenerative processes. The review also examines current research on OSM’s interaction with key signaling pathways and discusses the potential of OSM and the IL-6 family as potential therapeutic targets. Understanding these mechanisms could lead to innovative treatments that modulate OSM activity, offering new avenues for managing retinal diseases and contributing to the development of more effective interventions.
Experimental study on the effect of the riveting process on the bending resistance of beams composed of galvanized Q235 steel
Authors: Xue Jingya , Wu Qing , Chen Xiaomiao , Ma Shiliang , Wang Yunqing , Mo Jianbing , Yang Jianming
Published: January 2025

In this article, a hollow flange beam (ARHFB) composed of self-piercing rivet (SPR) and galvanized steel sheet was proposed, and the process parameters and mechanical properties of SPR connection technology for Q235 galvanized steel sheet were studied. Through the Taguchi method tests, the thickness of the joint section and the interlocking depth were measured. The tensile and shear tests were carried out, respectively, to obtain the corresponding quasi-static curves. In the four-point bending experiment of ARHFB, the effects of connection including welding, self-tapping screw, and SPR on the bending resistance of ARHFB were compared. The bearing capacity of ARHFB with self-tapping screws is significantly lower than that of welded ARHFB, and the 100 mm spacing SPR connection has strong substitutability for welding.
Copper resistant bacterial biosorbents from food waste origin: efficiency, isothermal and kinetic studies
Authors: Rajendran Vijay , Yashwanth Chavan Priyanka , Krishnamoorthy Srinivasan , Anandaraj Arunkumar , Rawson Ashish , Nagarathinam Baskaran , Sivanandham Vignesh
Published: January 2025

Copper (Cu(II)) gets ionised easily, leaches into food, and becomes environmentally toxic. Hence, Cu(II) tolerant bacterial strains with high biosorption potential were screened from fruit, dairy and flour mill waste by in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods. Based on high tolerance capabilities (>250 mM Cu(II) ions), two strains, Klebsiella pneumonia (V1) and Cronobacter sakazakii (V2), were identified through genetic characterisation. The Cu(II) biosorption mechanism (V1, V2, V1 + V2) was further evaluated through the viable/dead cell method. The maximum biosorption of Cu(II) (91.3 %) was achieved in optimised conditions (pH 5–6, 30 °C and 30 min contact time) through V1 + V2 and well-fitting with Freundlich (R
2 = 0.9764) and Langmuir (R
2 = 0.9834) isotherm plots. Further, the exopolysaccharides from food waste were produced through a fed-batch fermentation process, where the V2 strain produced a maximum of 224.52 mg/L. The bacterial biosorbents reported in this study could benefit industrial applications.
Effect of Y2O3, TiO2, ZrO2 dispersion on oxidation resistance of W–Ni–Nb–Mo alloys
Authors: Khan Atiqur Rahman , Swain Sambit , Patra Anshuman , Babu D. Arvindha , Majumdar Bhaskar
Published: January 2025

1.0 wt.% Y2O3 (alloy SY), TiO2 (alloy ST), ZrO2 (alloy SZ), dispersed 79W–10Ni–5Nb–5Mo (in weight%) alloys have been produced by mechanical alloying with 5:1 ball to powder weight ratio (BPR) for 20 h at 300 rpm in toluene medium. The powders were consolidated by spark plasma sintering at 1,100 °C for 5 min and at 65 MPa pressure. Oxidation study of the consolidated alloys was carried out at 1,000 °C for 10 h to establish the sustainability at elevated temperature. The study shows that alloys SY, ST exhibit compressive residual stress and alloy SZ evidences tensile residual stress in the oxidized condition. The oxidation rate is significantly lower in alloy SY due to passive layer formation facilitated by Y2O3 and Ni. The oxidation kinetic study also suggests substantial reduction in rate constant in alloy SY. The present study also provides interesting inputs regarding development of oxidation resistant alloys for high temperature applications.
Effect of tool rotation and welding speed on microstructural and mechanical properties of dissimilar AA6061-T6 and AA5083-H12 joint in friction stir welding
Authors: Nishant  , Jha Sanjay Kumar , Prakash Prashant
Published: January 2025

The study investigates joining AA6061-T6 and AA5083-H12 aluminum alloys, each 6 mm thick, in a butt joint. It aims to analyze the impact of varying input parameters on the microstructural and mechanical properties of the joints. Three tool rotation speeds (900, 1,120, 1,400 rpm) and welding speeds (40, 63, 80 mm min−1) are examined. Temperature in the weld zone correlates with tool rotation speed positively and welding speed inversely. Initially, the average grain size in the stir zone decreases with increasing tool rotation (900–1,120 rpm) and welding speed (40–63 mm min−1), then increases with further increments (1,400 rpm, 80 mm min−1). Tensile strength increases by 7 % from 900 to 1,120 rpm but decreases by 19 % at 1,400 rpm. Similarly, it rises by 14 % from 40 to 63 mm min−1, then decreases by 6 % at 80 mm min−1. Optimal mechanical properties occur at 1,120 rpm and 63 mm min−1, with ductile mode failure identified in joints with higher efficiency.
Solid biomass chain from production to utilization in UK
Authors: Leila Samiee  , Rahmanian Nejat
Published: January 2025

Bioenergy stands as the primary contributor within the realm of global renewables, offering energy security to a multitude of individuals while also fostering growth in rural areas. The emergence of fuel pellets derived from diverse feedstocks has brought forth both prospects and obstacles for current technologies. This article delivers an up-to-date examination of the production and application of fuel pellets sourced from biomass. The upcoming discourse will explore the various aspects, both positive and negative, of the production and utilization of fuel pellets obtained from biomass, with a specific focus on the circumstances in the United Kingdom (UK). Through acquiring a thorough understanding of the manufacturing procedures of fuel pellets, coupled with a detailed examination of their benefits and drawbacks, the feasibility of utilizing biomass can be greatly improved, consequently leading to a significant contribution to the progression of a sustainable bioenergy framework.
Atypical cells parameter in sysmex UN automated urine analyzer: a single center study
Authors: Aydin Ozgur , Sarikaya Selcuk , Caglar Emel , Ayas Ramazan , Ozgurtas Taner
Published: January 2025

Objectives

The literature about atypical cells in automated urine analyzers begins with the introduction of Sysmex UN. While modern urinalysis instruments report various kinds of epithelial cells, presence of atypical cells has not been considered. This study aims to observe the efficiency of the atypical cells parameter on Sysmex UN Automated Urine Analyzer with respect to customary manual urine cytology.

Methods

The patients with any indication for a cystoscopy examination were enrolled for the study between March 2022 and October 2022. Voided urine samples were gathered before the cystoscopy and bladder washing sampling was performed afterwards. Bladder washing samples were divided into two; one part was sent for urine cytology and the other was sent for urinalysis. Bladder biopsy was performed if cystoscopy evaluation was suspicious for malignancy.

Results

Thirty three patients (4 females and 29 males) underwent cystoscopy examination for suspicious bladder lesions and 15 of these patients were diagnosed as bladder cancer: nine were high-grade and six were low-grade bladder cancer due to their pathologic test results. Cytology examination results were negative for all patients. Using follow-up histologic diagnosis of urothelial carcinoma as a reference standard, the sensitivity of the atypical cells parameter on Sysmex UN was 27 %, specificity 78 %, positive predictive value 50 %, negative predictive value 56 %.

Conclusions

The results of this study confirmed the ability of Sysmex UN on detecting atypical cells in urine. Yet, the performance of the instrument needs to be improved before the parameter is presented for routine application.
Wissenschaftsmanagement in der britischen Besatzungszone
Authors: Wichner Jessika
Published: January 2025

Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg waren die angewandten Natur- und Ingenieurwissenschaften in Deutschland zunächst über das alliierte Kontrollratsgesetz Nr. 25 verboten. Auf britischer Seite war für die Überwachung der Forschungstätigkeit der Research Branch der britischen Kontrollkommission verantwortlich. Ihm oblag es auch, die Wissenschaftslandschaft in der britischen Besatzungszone neu zu strukturieren und Forschungsvorhaben deutscher Wissenschaftlerinnen und Wissenschaftler zu fördern, die nicht dem Gesetz Nr. 25 unterlagen. Jessika Wichner untersucht auf der Basis eingehenden Quellenstudiums die vielfältigen Tätigkeiten des Research Branch zwischen 1945 und 1951 und kommt dabei zu überraschenden Ergebnissen.
Nachwuchs für die Leistungsgesellschaft
Authors: Kreis Reinhild
Published: January 2025

Im Laufe des 20. Jahrhunderts wurde eine wachsende Anzahl von Tätigkeitsfeldern in Wettbewerbsformate überführt. Insbesondere Wettbewerbe für Kinder und Jugendliche wurden zu einem Massenphänomen, das gleichermaßen in Demokratien und Diktaturen, in markt- und planwirtschaftlichen Gesellschaften attraktiv war. Reinhild Kreis untersucht die Wettbewerbe als Modus der Gestaltung gesellschaftlicher und wirtschaftlicher Ordnung in ihren Kontinuitäten und Brüchen für den NS-Staat, die Bundesrepublik und die DDR. Sie werden als Praktiken der Leistungszuschreibung gedeutet, die Denk- und Verhaltensweisen und damit sowohl individuelle wie auch kollektive Zukünfte prägen sollten.
Teología inversa y apertura de la historicidad: Benjamin y Adorno
Authors: Luna Jiménez Andrés
Published: January 2025

Reseña del libro Como el papel secante con la tinta. La teología inversa en Walter Benjamin y Theodor W. Adorno (2022), de Stefanie Graf.
De provocaciones y sátira, el humor en "Las crónicas de Pepe Faroles" de Josefina Vicens
Authors: Quintanar Haro Adolfo
Published: January 2025

Este artículo propone una ruta de lectura en la que el ethos de “Las crónicas de Pepe Faroles” de Josefina Vicens puede ser definido como de la provocación. Esta provocación estaría tamizada por el humor y, cabe señalar, es entendida como la intención de producir reacciones específicas en los lectores, no sólo orientadas a la risa, sino también al cuestionamiento de lo realizado en las corridas de toros de los domingos; hacer que la emoción y los comentarios de los aficionados “entren en ebullición”. Las siguientes páginas tienen como fundamento las teorías de Linda Hutcheon y Pere Ballart.
Los estudios novohispanos en la obra Mauricio Beuchot y los orígenes de la Hermenéutica Analógica
Authors: Patiño Palafox Luis Aarón Jesús
Published: January 2025

El presente trabajo busca analizar la relación de la propuesta de hermenéutica analógica de Mauricio Beuchot con sus estudios previos publicados para documentar la historia de la filosofía novohispana, encontrando en estos la raíz de la famosa propuesta Beuchot. 
Palabras clave: Beuchot, hermenéutica analógica, filosofía novohispana.
Nuevas perspectivas sobre la Filosofía Mexicana
Authors: Trejo Villalobos Raúl
Published: January 2025

Durante las últimas décadas, ha resurgido la polémica sobre la existencia de la “Filosofía en México”. Además del universalismo y el particularismo, hay una cuestión que aparece reiteradamente en esta polémica: la de la  la distinción entre “Filosofía en México” y “Filosofía Mexicana”. Sin embargo, no todos la significan de la misma manera. Así, para Aureliano Ortega, ha existido una “Filosofía Mexicana” en términos de una filosofía dispersa; para Mauricio Beuchot, ha habido y puede seguir habiendo una “Filosofía Mexicana”, en el sentido de un Universalismo analógico (en el esfuerzo de replantear el universalismo concreto de Hegel); Guillermo Hurtado, por su parte, propone hablar de una meta filosofía práctica, para abordar la cuestión; y, por último, Carlos Pereda sugiere que, para hablar de “Filosofía Mexicana”, en buenos términos, es necesario cambiar un vicio, el del entusiasmo nacionalista, por una virtud, el del nacionalismo responsable.
Breve cartografía de la filosofía latinoamericana, mexicana y chicana de la frontera: desafíos y nuevas posibilidades
Authors: Diaz Kim
Published: January 2025

La filosofía latinoamericana en general, y la mexicana en particular, se han puesto de moda en Estados Unidos en la última década. Seguramente los nombres y la obra de Jorge Gracia, Eduardo Mendieta, y Linda Alcoff les son conocidos al lector de este artículo.  Aunque la filosofía latinoamericana y mexicana esté de moda hoy en día, existe una historia larga de interés y trabajo en filosofía latinoamericana y mexicana en la frontera y el suroeste de Estados Unidos. Este artículo pretende (a) elaborar la historia de la filosofía latinoamericana, mexicana y chicana en la frontera México-Estados Unidos, (b) este artículo esboza algunos de los retos históricos y actuales que el campo de la filosofía latinoamericana ha enfrentado y continúa enfrentando, y (c) este artículo discute el valor de los chicanxs para la filosofía mexicana.
Palabras clave: filosofía latinoamericana, filosofia mexicana, filosofia chicana, chicanos, frontera México-Estados Unidos
Dorsomedial Striatum (DMS) CB1R Signaling Promotes Pavlovian Devaluation Sensitivity in Male Long Evans Rats and Reduces DMS Inhibitory Synaptic Transmission in Both Sexes
Authors: Stapf Catherine A. , Keefer Sara E. , McInerney Jessica M. , Cheer Joseph F. , Calu Donna J.
Published: January 2025

Cannabinoid receptor-1 (CB1R) signaling in the dorsal striatum regulates the shift from flexible to habitual behavior in instrumental outcome devaluation. Based on prior work establishing individual-, sex-, and experience-dependent differences in pavlovian behaviors, we predicted a role for dorsomedial striatum (DMS) CB1R signaling in driving rigid responding in pavlovian autoshaping and outcome devaluation. We trained male and female Long Evans rats in pavlovian lever autoshaping (PLA). We gave intra-DMS infusions of the CB1R inverse agonist, rimonabant, before satiety-induced outcome devaluation test sessions, where we sated rats on training pellets or home cage chow and tested them in brief nonreinforced PLA sessions. Overall, inhibition of DMS CB1R signaling prevented pavlovian outcome devaluation but did not affect behavior in reinforced PLA sessions. Males were sensitive to devaluation while females were not, and DMS CB1R blockade impaired devaluation sensitivity in males. Because these results suggest DMS CB1R signaling supports flexible responding, we investigated how DMS CB1R signaling impacts local inhibitory synaptic transmission in male and female Long Evans rats. We recorded spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSC) from DMS neurons at baseline and after application of a CB1R agonist, WIN 55,212-2. We found that male rats showed decreased sIPSC frequency compared with females and that CB1R activation reduced DMS inhibitory transmission independent of sex. Altogether our results demonstrate that DMS CB1Rs regulate pavlovian devaluation sensitivity and DMS inhibitory synaptic transmission and suggest that basal sex differences in inhibitory synaptic transmission may underly sex differences in DMS function and behavioral flexibility.
Distributed Cortical Regions for the Recall of People, Places, and Objects
Authors: Kidder Alexis , Silson Edward H. , Nau Matthias , Baker Chris I.
Published: January 2025

The human medial parietal cortex (MPC) is recruited during multiple cognitive processes. Previously, we demonstrated regions specific to recall of people or places and proposed that the functional organization of MPC mirrors the category selectivity defining the medial–lateral axis of the ventral–temporal cortex (VTC). However, prior work considered recall of people and places only, and VTC also shows object selectivity sandwiched between face- and scene-selective regions. Here, we tested a strong prediction of our proposal: like VTC, MPC should show a region specifically recruited during object recall, and its relative cortical position should mirror the one of VTC. While responses during people and place recall showed a striking replication of prior findings, we did not observe any evidence for object-recall effects within MPC, which differentiates it from the spatial organization in VTC. Importantly, beyond MPC, robust recall effects were observed for people, places, and objects on the lateral surface of the brain. Place-recall effects were present in the angular gyrus, frontal eye fields, and peripheral portions of the early visual cortex, whereas people recall selectively drove response in the right posterior superior temporal sulcus. Object-recall effects were largely restricted to a region posterior to the left somatosensory cortex, in the vicinity of the supramarginal gyrus. Taken together, these data demonstrate that while there are distributed regions active during recall of people, places, and objects, the functional organization of MPC does not mirror the medial–lateral axis of VTC but reflects only the most salient features of that axis—namely, representations of people and places.
How Cadre Training Fuels Grassroots Cadres’ Initiative to Take Charge
Authors: Tan Xinyu , Piao Long
Published: January 2025

Most grassroots cadres work out of sight of management, posing challenges for direct management (i.e., commands and incentives). Cadre training can be an effective tool for shaping their behavior, serving as an alternative or supplement to commands and incentives. However, this effectiveness depends on the cadres’ perceptions. Using evidence from Chinese government agencies, we empirically explore the impact of cadre training on grassroots cadres’ taking-charge behaviors. We also investigate public service motivation and professional role identity as potential mediators of this impact. Analyzing survey data from 587 Chinese grassroots cadres using a structural equation model, we find that cadre training substantially strengthens their taking-charge behaviors. This relationship is partially mediated by public service motivation and professional role identity. This study augments our knowledge of cadre training in the Chinese context and its effects on grassroots cadres’ attitudes and behavior.
The Establishment of a Terrorist Prison: Insights from Indonesian Prison Officers’ Perspectives
Authors: Suarda I Gede Widhiana , Walters Reece , Priambudi Zaki
Published: January 2025

The increasing number of ‘terrorist prisoners’ in Indonesia has resulted in the establishment of a separate penal institution. This development is novel to Indonesian secure settings, and the perceptions of prison officers’ who work in these specialist prisons offer distinct practical insights into the efficacy of these correctional facilities. The present study provides innovative findings by exploring, for the first time, the perspectives of Indonesian prison officers working in specialist prisons for terrorist prisoners in Indonesia. This study conducted focus groups with Indonesian prison officers in Cipinang, Pasir Putih Nusakambangan, and Surabaya prisons. A qualitative content analysis was deployed that identified several themes for future policy decisions. These included, the establishment and ongoing administration of a special prison;, the need to improve data collection of terrorist inmates; the importance of partnerships with key stakeholders, and the centrality of review mechanisms to ensure that processes for prisoner selection, management, and release are optimised and enhanced to ensure future community safety and security.
A Case Study on Neurological Outcome in Persistent Neonatal Hypoglycemia in Upper Middle-Income Country
Authors: Primadi Aris , Yuniati Tetty , Aprilia Kadi Fiva , Reviyani Suryaningrat Filla , Hudayari Devatri , Ediwan Natasha Amalda
Published: January 2025

In Indonesia, comprehensive management and monitoring of persistent neonatal hypoglycemia, is rarely reported. Despite the fact that there are studies highlighting the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in neonates with hypoglycemia, there seems to be limited comprehensive case reports detailing both the early diagnosis and the long-term growth and development monitoring in these neonates. A unique case report of a 10-day-old male baby, born at a term weeks gestation via caesarean section, diagnosed with persistent hypoglycemia and suspect of hyperinsulinemia is presented in this study. At birth, the neonate exhibited hypoglycemia with a blood glucose level of 25 mg/dL, accompanied by a one-minute seizure characterized by upward gaze and stiffening of the extremities. The neonate cried after seizure and there was no loss of consciousness and was admitted to the NICU due to worsening respiratory distress. Based on the thoracic X-ray examination, he was diagnosed with transient tachypnea of newborn (TTN). Blood glucose levels were monitored every four hours, and tests for cortisol, thyroid and growth hormone and routine urinalysis were planned. Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) were given with intravenous antibiotics. At 6months of age, the infant was diagnosed with intellectual disability by the growth and development social pediatric unit. At 7 months, the infant  began undergoing physiotherapy. This case was followed for 7 months in total and the findings highlight the challenges in managing neonatal persistent hypoglycemia and the potential long-term developmental implications in neonates with early-life hypoglycemia, emphasizing the need for continual growth and development monitoring.
Characteristics and Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy Patients in West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Setiawan Grace , Rini Mayang , Ratnaningsih Nina , Memed Feti Karfiati , Dahlan Muhammad Rinaldi
Published: January 2025

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the major microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) and responsible as the leading cause of vision loss among working-age adults. With the estimated DM cases reaching 578 million in 2030, public health systems are faced with challenges of increasing costs of implementation and maintenance of DR screening program in people with DM. This study aimed to describe characteristics and risk factors of DR among patients of a Primary Health Care Center in West Java, Indonesia. This was a cross-sectional study during the period of March 2021 until June 2022 on 1,080 participants. Among these participants with DM, 28.89% (25.16–33.12% [95% CI]) were classified to have DR. A total of 32.69% (28.14–36.71 [95% CI]) participants with DR had vision threatening DR (VTDR). The prevalence of DR in this study was higher in women (77.23%) with a mean age of 57.26 ± 9.17 and duration of DM of ≥5-years (56.01%), blood glucose level <200 mg/dL (63.79%), high systolic blood pressure (52.03%), high diastolic blood pressure (39.07%), normal BMI (55.5%), high waist circumference (43.7%), and high HbA1C (3.42%). A total of 1,041 (96.39%) participants were using antidiabetic drugs, and 9.63% of them were currently smoking. This study showed that diastolic blood pressure, abnormal abdominal circumference, and high HbA1C levels were more prevalent in DR and VTDR groups. The findings of this study represent the current characteristics of DR patients in West Java and can be used as a baseline or comparison data for other regions in Indonesia.
Post Cesarean Pain Intensity and Wound Healing in ERACS and Conventional Method
Authors: Silitonga Intan Renata , Amalia Gina
Published: January 2025

Cesarean section is a common delivery method in Indonesia, with a prevalence of 17.6%. This method is used when vaginal delivery is not possible or in emergency cases, in an effort to prevent maternal and infant fatalities. Enhanced Recovery After Cesarean Surgery (ERACS) is a new method whose effectiveness has not been widely studied. The aim of this study was to compare post-cesarean pain intensity and wound healing in patients receiving ERACS and cesarean conventional methods at Bandung Kiwari General Hospital. This cross-sectional study used an analytic observational design and accidental sampling with 52 post-cesarean patients as the subjects during the three-months of study. Pain intensity was observed using the NRS instrument and wound healing was observed using the REEDA scale instrument on days one, two, and six post-surgery. The t-test analysis showed that the ERACS method had better pain intensity post-cesarean than the conventional method with a p-value of 0.000. However, there was no difference in wound healing between ERACS and conventional methods with a p-value of 0.136.
Survival Analysis of Trabeculectomy and Phacotrabeculectomy in Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma
Authors: Gustianty Elsa , Shalim Nikho Melga , Virgana Rova , Prahasta Andika , Rifada R. Maula , Umbara Sonie
Published: January 2025

Glaucoma is the global leading cause of irreversible blindness. Primary angle closure glaucoma occurs most frequently in Asian populations, including in Indonesian population. Surgical management of Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma (PACG) includes cataract extraction, trabeculectomy, or combined phacotrabeculectomy. Many patients presented in the advanced stages of the disease with significant cataracts, requiring combined surgery. This study aimed to determine whether trabeculectomy alone was better in reducing intraocular pressure compared to phacotrabeculectomy in primary angle closure glaucoma. This was an analytic retrospective observational study reviewing medical records of  PACG patients underwent trabeculectomy or phacotrabeculectomy from January to December 2015, within a 5-year follow-up period of a tertiary eye hospital. The success rates of the two groups were assessed with Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Success criteria were defined as > 20% reduction of IOP or  IOP <21 mmHg with or without medication. Results showed 104 and 41 eyes underwent trabeculectomy and  phacotrabeculectomy, respectively. The cumulative 5-year survival rate in trabeculectomy group was 58.6%, and 85.4% in phaco trabeculectomy. There was no statistical difference in the success rate between the trabeculectomy and phaco trabeculectomy groups (p=0.102). Postoperative complications observed in the phacotrabeculectomy group were one choroidal detachment,  one malignant glaucoma, and one vitreous prolapse. Thus, the cumulative success rate of phacotrabeculectomy was better than trabeculectomy after 5 years of follow up, albeit not statistically significant.
Differences in Elastin and Collagen Levels in the Levator Ani Muscle of Primiparous and Multiparous Normal Postpartum Women
Authors: Rada Annisa Astika , Rahajeng Rahajeng , Dwijayasa Pande Made , Gunawan Didik Agus
Published: January 2025

The levator ani, comprising the pubococcygeus, puborectalis, and iliococcygeus muscles, is crucial for supporting pelvic organs, maintaining continence, and ensuring pelvic stability. Weaknesses in these muscles or ligaments can lead to pelvic organ prolapse (POP), a condition where the pelvic organs descend and protrude through the vaginal introitus. Collagen and elastin, the key constituents of the extracellular matrix in the levator ani muscle, play a significant role in maintaining its structural integrity and can be influenced by parity. This study aimed to determine the differences in elastin and collagen levels of the levator ani muscle of primiparous and multiparous patients. This was an observational analytical study on 18 postpartum female patients consisting of 9 primiparous and 9 multiparous in January-March 2023. Samples were levator ani muscle biopsies from perineal lacerations of at least grade II from the inpatient Obgyn Department of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya. Examination was done using the immunohistochemical method. Results showed that the percentage of histological area secreting elastin and collagen was higher in the primiparous group than multiparous, thus the levels were higher (p<0.001; p=0.001; p<0.05). In conclusion, elastin and collagen levels were lower in multiparous women compared to primiparous women. Future studies can evaluate factors affecting the decline in elastin and collagen in multiparous women using a larger sample size.
Risk Factors and Diagnosis of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Dewi Yussy Afriani , Nazar Ifiq , Farida Anis
Published: January 2025

Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) ranks among the seven most prevalent malignancies globally, associated with significant morbidity and mortality rates. The key risk factors for this malignancy include chronic alcohol consumption, tobacco use, immunosuppression, and infections with oncogenic viruses such as high-risk Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV). This study was a retrospective analysis of HNSCC patients seen at an oncology clinic over a five-year period from January 2015 to December 2020, focusing on the environmental and genetic factors contributing to the disease. A cohort of 1,640 patients was analyzed, assessing their risk factors and diagnostic outcomes. Results indicated that smoking and alcohol consumption were the most significant independent risk factors, displaying a synergistic effect in disease progression. Other variables explored were exposure to air pollution, HPV and EBV infections, age, dietary deficiencies in vegetables, and genetic predispositions. While some factors were statistically significant, others showed weaker associations. This study highlights the importance of preventive strategies focusing on modifiable risk factors, such as lifestyle changes and viral vaccination, to reduce the incidence of HNSCC.
Relationship between BMI and Urine pH in Nephrolithiasis Cases in Indonesia
Authors: Abdurrahman Fauzan , Tjahjodjati Tjahjodjati
Published: January 2025

In nephrolithiasis/urolithiasis, urine pH is thought to modulate kidney stone formation at various stages, including crystallization, growth, aggregation, and retention. Moreover, numerous studies have demonstrated that an increase in Body Mass Index (BMI) correlates with a decrease in urine pH. This study aimed to determine the relationship between BMI and urine pH in cases of nephrolithiasis at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. This was analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design, followed by correlation analysis is carried out. A total of 100 patients from January 2021 to December 2022 have met the inclusion criteria. From the results of the analysis, it was discovered that of the 21 patients with acidic urine pH, 42.11% had normal BMI, 26.32% were grade 1 obese, 15.79% were grade 2 obese, 10.53% were overweight, and 5.26% were underweight. The majority of patients who had normal urine pH also had a normal BMI (34.18%), followed by 30.38% with grade 1 obesity, 21.52% with grade 1 obesity, and 13.92% with grade 2 obesity. Of the 2 patients with  alkaline urine pH, one person had a normal BMI and another had an overweight BMI. The results of the chi-square test presented a p value of >0.05, thus no significant relationship is observed between urine pH and BMI in nephrolithiasis patients.
Barrow Group No. 3 of the Voitsekhivka Cemetry of the Komariv Culture
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology, the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lysenko S. D. , Lysenko S. S. ,   Institute of Archaeology, the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: January 2025

In 2011, the Fastiv Archaeological Expedition renewed the research on the barrow cemetery of the Komariv culture of the Trzciniec cultural circle. This cemetery is located on the border of the Zhytomyr and Khmelnytskyi Oblasts of Ukraine, between the Myropil, Kolodiazhne and Kolosivka (the former Voitsekhivka), on the left bank of the Sluch River. Earlier excavations on the site, included in archaeological literature under the name of the Voitsekhivka cemetery, were conducted by S. S. Hamchenko (1924) and E. F. Lahodovska (1949), who studied 14 barrows in two barrow groups. In 2011–2012 in the newly discovered barrow group no. 3, four mounds were excavated, containing the remains of seven burials. Based on radiocarbon dating and analysis of the ceramic complex, the barrows can be dated by the midddle — the third quarter of the 2nd millennium BC. All the mounds were erected on the natural hills of the dune ridge occupied earlier by the settlement of the late Trypillia culture. The publication provides a detailed description of all the objects studied in 2011–2012.
Palaeopedological studies at the Voitsekhivka burial ground, carried out by employees of the Institute of Geography of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Zh. N. Matviishina, A. S. Kushnir), make it possible to reconstruct palaeolandscapes of the Bronze Age. Grey forest soil was traced in the barrow no. 1 (2011), similar to those that now is forming under broadleaf forests. Climate conditions were much better than modern ones. Zoning (zone of the mixed forest) was placed to the north. Large areas were occupied by hornbeam and beech forests; there were areas of open spaces with lush grass vegetation. The modern soil in the barrow no. 2 (2012) can be defined as sod-strongly podzolic, but the illuvial horizon with cultural remains may characterise the conditions of forest soil formation, close to the regime of formation of soils of a more warm-temperate period — brown podzolic forest soils, which developed in conditions of less continental, but a more uniformly humid climate. The natural zones represented a western version of a warm-temperate climate (similar to the Carpathian one) and, probably, the territory was covered with broad-leaved forests with areas of open spaces. The profile of an older soil is also recorded under the mound, close to podzolic chernozems or dark grey forest soils.
The Structure of Archaeological Knowledge and the Concept of Archaeological Culture: The Perspective of Actor-Network Theory
Authors:   the Kennan Institute, Minakov М. А. , Radchenko S. B. ,   Museum of Archaeology, the University of Stavanger
Published: January 2025

The paper deals with the concept of archaeological culture and the structure of archaeological knowledge in archaeological theory today. It aims to reconsider these basic concepts in light of the actor-network theory and integrate Ukrainian archaeological theorising into the global discourse by mobilising the theoretical advances around archaeological cultures. By doing that, we also want to contribute to the ethical and anthropocentric aspect of archaeological research and to create a provocation for bringing life to archaeological theorising in Ukraine.
First part of the paper is focused on the brief overview of the history of archaeological culture as a concept. Given that it was very different in various parts of the world, we separate the rise and fall of archaeological cultures in continental and Anglo-American studies and the history of archaeological theory in Soviet and post-Soviet countries. We compare these processes when relevant, but aim to describe the state of the art and its preconditions rather than provide a detailed historiographic overview. We then emphasise archaeological culture as a “strong theory,” highlighting its problematic status based on its strength.
Therefore, the second part of the contribution deals with the perspectives of the actor-network theory to enrich the concept of archaeological cultures by making it weaker and more adequate to the modern archaeological studies. We describe the history and the main agenda of the actor-network theory with the particular focus on the ways it can solve the problematic status of the archaeological culture.
In the last part of the paper we suggest a scheme to describe the structure of archaeological knowledge from the perspective of the actor-network theory. We explain the ways this new scheme “weakens” archaeological cultures and enables avoiding the positivistic dead end. Moreover, we link specific practices of archaeological research to the particular stage of the study and explain the ways archaeological cultures can remain the crucial category of archaeological studies without being a “toxic” and “strong” theory. This forms a strong basis for integrating the culture-grounded theorising in Ukraine with the advances of the Western archaeological theory today.
Strategies for Improving Breastfeeding Rates: Perspectives of Public Health Staff
Authors: Colvin Bryanne N. , Cunningham Mackenzie , Forbes Emma , Peguero Chanel , Boguszewski Katherine , Kiviniemi Marc T. , Hauck Fern R. , Moon Rachel , Kellams Ann , Parker Margaret G. , Colson Eve R.
Published: January 2025

INTRODUCTION

To inform development of a breastfeeding intervention for public assistance clients, we aimed, through qualitative methods, to explore public health staff members’ perspectives of facilitators and barriers to initiating and continuing breastfeeding for clients and strategies to improve breastfeeding rates.

METHODS

We conducted focus groups with staff from Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) in Massachusetts and Virginia to identify the strategies WIC staff uses to encourage and support breastfeeding by leveraging facilitators and overcoming barriers to inform the development of a breastfeeding intervention. Data collection and analysis followed an iterative process using constant comparison by a diverse group of researchers with expertise in qualitative methods. Focus groups were continued until thematic saturation was reached.

RESULTS

Fifty-one WIC staff members participated in 7 focus groups. Themes related to strategies used to promote breastfeeding included providing education with subthemes relating to anticipatory guidance, normalization of breastfeeding, and the importance of tailored messaging; education format with subthemes regarding timing of education and engagement of support networks; relationship building including subthemes of establishing rapport and sharing personal experiences; and resource provision.

CONCLUSION

WIC staff identified the importance of providing specific, concrete information about breastfeeding and strategies to breastfeed while working and caring for other children. The importance of connecting with clients to build trust and increase social support for breastfeeding clients was also identified. This study provided valuable information to help guide the development of a breastfeeding intervention.
Morbidity and Mortality in Neonates With Down Syndrome vs Those Without Down Syndrome by Gestational Age
Authors: Messick Emily A. , Hart Stephen A. , Strominger Julie , Conroy Sara , Backes Carl H. , Cua Clifford L.
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND

Neonates with Down syndrome (DS) are often admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) after birth. Specifics regarding differences in outcomes compared with neonates without DS by gestational age are unknown. The objective of this study was to describe outcomes of neonates with DS compared with those without DS in the NICU by gestational age.

METHODS

This was a retrospective study from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2022, including neonates with a gestational age of 22 to 42 weeks and a NICU stay at one of 47 participating centers in the Pediatric Health Information System database. The primary exposure was the presence of DS. Neonates were stratified into the following 4 groups based on completed weeks of gestation at birth: extremely preterm, very preterm, moderate/late preterm, and term/post term. Outcomes were compared between neonates with and without DS within gestational age groups using linear probability models.

RESULTS

A total of 7037 neonates with DS were compared with 460 635 neonates without DS within gestational age groups. Necrotizing enterocolitis, pulmonary hypertension, and unplanned readmission within 30 days were higher for neonates with DS versus those without DS in all groups. Retinopathy of prematurity was lower for extremely preterm neonates with DS compared with those without DS. Median length of stay was longer and in-hospital mortality was higher in neonates with DS compared with those without DS in all gestational age groups.

CONCLUSION

Neonates with DS admitted to the NICU have increased morbidity and mortality compared with neonates without DS. Further research is needed to examine specific barriers to discharge and cause of death to identify areas for improvement in therapies and interventions.