bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
МОТИВАЦІЯ МОЛОДІ ПРИ ОБРАННІ СОЦІОНОМІЧНИХ ПРОФЕСІЙ
Authors: Кушніренко К. , Мостова І.
Published: October 2024

Мета статті полягає у здійсненні теоретичного аналізу та проведенні емпіричного дослідження щодо проблеми мотивації молоді при обранні соціономічних професій. Для вирішення поставленої мети були використані наступні методи: аналіз наукової психологічної літератури, порівняння, узагальнення, систематизація отриманої інформації та її інтерпретація, методики «Діагностика особистості на мотивацію до успіху Т. Елерса» та «Діагностика особистості на мотивацію до уникнення невдач Т. Елерса». Досліджувану вибірку складало 40 студентів 2 курсу ДТЕУ факультету економіки, менеджменту та психології.
A person-centred consultation intervention to improve shared decision-making about, and uptake of, osteoporosis medicines (iFraP): a pragmatic, parallel-group, individual randomised controlled trial protocol
Authors: Bullock Laurna , Nicholls Elaine , Cherrington Andrea , Butler-Walley Stephanie , Clark Emma M , Fleming Jane , Leyland Sarah , Bentley Ida , Thomas Simon , Iglesias-Urrutia Cynthia P , Webb David , Smith Jo , Bathers Sarah , Lewis Sarah , Clifford Angela , Siciliano Michele , Protheroe Joanne , Ryan Sarah , Lefroy Janet , Dale Nicky , Hawarden Ashley , Connacher Sarah , Horne Robert , O'Neill Terence W , Mallen Christian D , Jinks Clare , Paskins Zoe
Published: October 2024

Background Good quality shared decision-making (SDM) conversations involve people with, or at risk of osteoporosis and clinicians collaborating to decide, where appropriate, which evidence-based medicines best fit the person’s life, beliefs, and values. We developed the improving uptake of Fracture Prevention drug treatments (iFraP) intervention comprising a computerised Decision Support Tool (DST), clinician training package and information resources, for use in UK Fracture Liaison Service consultations. Two primary objectives to determine (1) the effect of the iFraP intervention on patient-reported ease in decision-making about osteoporosis medicines, and (2) cost-effectiveness of iFraP intervention compared to usual NHS care. Secondary objectives are to determine the iFraP intervention effect on patient reported outcome and experience measures, clinical effectiveness (osteoporosis medicine adherence), and to explore intervention acceptability, mechanisms, and processes underlying observed effects, and intervention implementation. Methods The iFraP trial is a pragmatic, parallel-group, individual randomised controlled trial in patients referred to a Fracture Liaison Service, with nested mixed methods process evaluation and health economic analysis. Participants aged ≥50 years (n=380) are randomised (1:1 ratio) to one of two arms: (1) iFraP intervention (iFraP-i) or (2) comparator usual NHS care (iFraP-u) and are followed up at 2-weeks and 3-months. The primary outcome is ease of decision-making assessed 2 weeks after the consultation using the Decisional Conflict Scale (DCS). The primary objectives will be addressed by comparing the mean DCS score in each trial arm (using analysis of covariance) for patients given an osteoporosis medicine recommendation, alongside a within-trial cost-effectiveness and value of information (VoI) analysis. Process evaluation data collection includes consultation recordings, semi-structured interviews, and DST analytics. Discussion The iFraP trial will answer important questions about the effectiveness of the new ‘iFraP’ osteoporosis DST, coupled with clinician training, on SDM and informed initiation of osteoporosis medicines. Trial registration ISRCTN 10606407, 21/11/2022 https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN10606407
مدى امتلاك طلبة دبلوم التأهيل التربوي لبعض المهارات الناعمة في العصر الرقمي من وجهة نظرهم
Authors: د. ناصر بن سليّم المزيدي  , د. العنود بنت إبراهيم السحيم
Published: October 2024

هدف البحث الكشف عن مدى امتلاك طلبة دبلوم التأهيل التربوي لبعض المهارات الناعمة في العصر الرقمي من وجهة نظرهم؛ واعتمد البحث على المنهج الوصفي المسحي؛ حيث اتجه البحث أولاً لبيان الأطر النظرية للمهارات الناعمة، والعصر الرقمي ومجالات توظيف المهارات الناعمة في العصر الرقمي؛ ثم اتجه لقياس المهارات الناعمة على عينة البحث التي بلغ عددها (124) طالبًا وطالبةً من طلبة دبلوم التأهيل التربوي في جامعة نزوى. استخدمت الاستبانة كأداة لجمع بيانات البحث حيث تكونت من ثمان مهارات ناعمة: (الاتصال والتواصل، التفاوض، الذكاء العاطفي، القيادة، حل المشكلات، العمل الجماعي، المرونة والتكيف مع المتغيرات، مهارة تنظيم الوقت)؛ بمجموع (34) عبارة موزعة على الثماني المهارات السابقة، تم التحقق من صدقها وثباتها بالطرق الإحصائية المناسبة. وأظهرت نتائج تطبيق أداة البحث أن درجة امتلاك أفراد عينة الدراسة للمهارات الناعمة من وجهة نظرهم جاءت بدرجة مرتفعة بشكل عام بمتوسط (4.08)، وجاءت مهارة المرونة والتكيف مع المتغيرات في المرتبة الأولى بمتوسط (4.28) وبدرجة مرتفعة جداً ثم تلتها مهارة الذكاء العاطفي بمتوسط (4.27) وبدرجة مرتفعة جداً، بينما حلت مهارة التفاوض في المرتبة الأخيرة بمتوسط (3.92) وبدرجة مرتفعة. كما أظهرت نتائج البحث عن عدم جود فروق دالة إحصائيًا في درجة امتلاك عينة البحث لجميع المهارات الناعمة تعزى لمتغير التخصص. وأوصى البحث بوضع خطط وبرامج تدريبية لتطوير المهارات الناعمة لدى طلبة دبلوم التأهيل التربوي في العصر الرقمي، ودمج المهارات الناعمة ضمن المقررات الدراسية.
Bacteriological Etiology of Empyema Thoracis Patients Admitted in A Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Chatterjee Mohua , Islam Naylla , Rasel Mahmudul Hasan , Faruque Farhana , Ashraf Muhammad Ali , Saha Dipannita , Haque Md Azharul
Published: October 2024

Background: Empyema thoracis is the most common complication of pneumonia and is associated with severe morbidity and mortality. Management of empyema thoracis is complex and needs a multimodal approach. Antibiotic therapy is very crucial in management of empyema thoracis and to ensure appropriate antibiotic therapy, epidemiological data is essential. This study aimed to explore the bacteriological profile of empyema thoracis in a tertiary care hospital. 
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried on 30 patients admitted in the Department of Medicine and Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka over a period of six months.
Results: Mean age of the patients was 38±10.94(SD) years of age with a male predominance (66.7% male and 33.3% female). Presenting symptoms were cough (86.7%), fever (83.3%), expectoration (76.7%), chest pain (70.0%), loss of appetite (50.0%), malaise (46.7%) and hemoptysis (10.0%). The major etiology was the thoracic empyema (56.7%) followed by pneumonia (16.67%), lung abscess (10.0%), liver abscess (6.7%), lung cancer (3.3%), secondary infection (3.3%) and undetermined cases responding to antibiotics (3.3%). Bacteriological profile showed Mycobacterium tuberculosis (56.7%), S. aureus (6.7%), S. pyogen (6.7%) , E. coli (3.3%), Klebsiella (3.3%) and Pseudomonas (6.7%). 
Conclusion: It was concluded from the study, more than half of empyema thoracis was eitiologically tubercular. 
Bangladesh J Medicine 2024; 35: 187-194
Case report on tracheo-bronchial Stenting: A Rare procedure
Authors: Siddiqua Ayesha , Sarker Md Zakir Hossain , Aunee Tandida Sultana , Rishad Mahbub Mayukh
Published: October 2024

In the expanding era of interventional medicine, tracheo-bronchial stenting has emerged as an exigent procedure with new ray of hope. The most common indications for stenting are to minimise extrinsic airway compression from mass effect, maintain airway patency due to intrinsic obstruction or treat significant nonmalignant airway narrowing or fistula. It plays an important role as a bridge to additional tumor-specific therapies, especially in chemoradiotherapy-naïve patients.  Our patient, a 66-year-old lady with history of recurrent oesphageal carcinoma treated with chemotherapy, was suffering from increasing breathlessness with presence of stridor. Tracheo-bronchial stenting (Y-stenting) was done successfully in this patient to relieve her tracheal stenosis as observed in bronchoscopy. We report this case as it highlights the first ever Y-stenting in Bangladesh, might cultivate more feasibilty towards such intervention in different centres.
Bangladesh J Medicine 2024; 35: 218-220
Decreased plasma in basal cell cancer
Authors: OZ KAYMAZ Cemile , YILMAZ Necat , EREN Esin
Published: October 2024

Aim Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is one of the most common malignant non-melanoma carcinomas and is an important health problem for all countries. There are many studies on the effect of human lipoprotein metabolism and high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C) function on skin cells, but there are no detailed clinical studies on BCC yet. In addition, higher phospholipid and cholesterol content was found in cancerous and precancerous lesions of the skin compared to normal tissue. The aim of our study was to evaluate the lipid profile in patients with BCC and to try to find any relationship between BCC and molecules that have an important place in HDL-C functionality. Methods The patient group consisted of 39 patients who were clinically diagnosed with BCC by biopsy in hospital clinics. The control group (n:44) was randomly selected from patients of the same age group without a diagnosis of BCC who applied to different clinics of the same hospital. Routine lipid level, Apolipoprotein A1 (Apo-A1) level and Paraoxonase (PON- 1) enzyme measurements were made from serum samples taken from the patients and control groups participating in the study. Results The most important findings of this study, a statistically significant decrease in serum Apo-A1 level and a decrease trend in PON-1 enzyme can be considered in BCC patients compared to control groups. Conclusion Lipid metabolism and HDL functionality, may play a role in the development of BCC.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 23 No. 04 October’24 Page : 1060-1067
Evaluation of WHO indicators for surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis in children: The case of Kenitra province, Morocco; from 1994 to 2018
Authors: Jayche Samira , Idrissi Ahmed , Talbi Fatima Zahra , Baghouz Asmae , Sendaoui Sanae , Loutfi Amr , Dahou Badreddine , Lahmam Mohamed , Najy Mohamed , Thouhami Ahami Ahmed Omar , Elmahjoub Aouane
Published: October 2024

Background Polio has not been detected in Morocco since 1989. The aim of this study was to examine the surveillance system for acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) in the province of Kenitra, assess its strengths and weaknesses, and suggest ways to improve it. Method & materials A qualitative and quantitative evaluation was carried out within the Kenitra Provincial Epidemiology Unit. The AFP case database was analyzed using the standards for evaluation of public health surveillance systems defined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2001 and WHO indicators. The surveillance system was found to be flexible and effective. Result The sensitivity of the system reached 50%, with an average notification rate of 3.04 cases. More than 40% of patients were reported within 7 days of onset of paralysis. Investigation time was approximately 70% within 48 hours of notification. 80% of stool samples were sent to the laboratory within 72 hours of collection. Conclusion: The AFP surveillance system in Kenitra is effective, adaptable and highly vigilant, allowing a rapid response. Maintaining AFP surveillance is essential until polio is eradicated worldwide.
Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 23 No. 04 October’24 Page : 1185-1196
Roles of X-box binding protein 1 in liver pathogenesis
Authors: Tak Jihoon , Kim Yun Seok , Kim Sang Geon
Published: October 2024

The prevalence of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and viral liver infections presents significant challenges in modern healthcare and contributes to considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. Concurrently, metabolic dysfunctionassociated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has emerged as a major public health concern, reflecting the increasing rates of obesity and leading to more severe complications such as fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) is a distinct transcription factor with a basic-region leucine zipper structure, whose activity is regulated by alternative splicing in response to disruptions in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis and the unfolded protein response (UPR) activation. XBP1 interacts with a key signaling component of the highly conserved UPR and is critical in determining cell fate when responding to ER stress in liver diseases. This review aims to elucidate the emerging roles and molecular mechanisms of XBP1 in liver pathogenesis, focusing on its involvement in DILI, viral liver infections, MASLD, fibrosis/cirrhosis, and liver cancer. Understanding the multifaceted functions of XBP1 in these liver diseases offers insights into potential therapeutic strategies to restore ER homeostasis and mitigate liver damage.
A new performance evaluation indicator for the LEE Jong-wook Fellowship Program of Korea Foundation for International Healthcare to better assess its long-term educational impacts: a Delphi study
Authors: Oh Minkyung , Yoon Bo Young
Published: October 2024

Purpose: The Dr. LEE Jong-wook Fellowship Program, established by the Korea Foundation for International Healthcare (KOFIH), aims to strengthen healthcare capacity in partner countries. The aim of the study was to develop new performance evaluation indicators for the program to better assess long-term educational impact across various courses and professional roles.Methods: A 3-stage process was employed. First, a literature review of established evaluation models (Kirkpatrick’s 4 levels, context/input/process/product evaluation model, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Assistance Committee criteria) was conducted to devise evaluation criteria. Second, these criteria were validated via a 2-round Delphi survey with 18 experts in training projects from May 2021 to June 2021. Third, the relative importance of the evaluation criteria was determined using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP), calculating weights and ensuring consistency through the consistency index and consistency ratio (CR), with CR values below 0.1 indicating acceptable consistency.Results: The literature review led to a combined evaluation model, resulting in 4 evaluation areas, 20 items, and 92 indicators. The Delphi surveys confirmed the validity of these indicators, with content validity ratio values exceeding 0.444. The AHP analysis assigned weights to each indicator, and CR values below 0.1 indicated consistency. The final set of evaluation indicators was confirmed through a workshop with KOFIH and adopted as the new evaluation tool.Conclusion: The developed evaluation framework provides a comprehensive tool for assessing the long-term outcomes of the Dr. LEE Jong-wook Fellowship Program. It enhances evaluation capabilities and supports improvements in the training program’s effectiveness and international healthcare collaboration.
Evaluación del efecto de extractos vegetales para el control de enfermedades poscosecha del aguacate HASS
Authors: Quintero-Rodríguez Estefanía , Montoya-Vargas Paulina , López-Luján Lorena , Guzmán-Cabrera Sebastián , Aristizábal-Sepúlveda Olga , Bedoya-Pérez Juan Carlos
Published: October 2024

En este trabajo se evaluó el potencial de extractos vegetales de la familia Lamiaceae (orégano, tomillo y romero) para controlar enfermedades poscosecha en frutos de aguacate Hass. Inicialmente, se determinó la actividad in vitro de extractos vegetales sobre Colletotrichum gloeosporioides y Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Posteriormente, se evaluó la actividad in vivo de formulaciones a base de estos extractos sobre frutos infectados artificialmente. Además, se utilizó Raphanus sativus como modelo vegetal para determinar el efecto fitotóxico del formulado con mayor potencial para controlar los fitopatógenos evaluados. Finalmente, el bioformulado seleccionado fue evaluado bajo condiciones reales en planta empacadora. La aplicación del bioformulado generó una protección del 84 y 60% frente a C. gloeosporioides y L. theobromae, respectivamente.  Los resultados indicaron un alto potencial del bioformulado como alternativa para el control de enfermedades poscosecha en aguacate y representa una oportunidad para favorecer la implementación de esquemas de producción limpia en el sector agropecuario.
This study evaluated the potential of plant extracts from the Lamiaceae family (oregano, thyme, and rosemary) for controlling post-harvest diseases in Hass avocado fruits. The in vitro activity of organic extracts on Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Lasiodiplodia theobromae was determined. Subsequently, the activity of extract formulations was evaluated on artificially infected fruits. Besides, Raphanus sativus was used as a plant model to determine the phytotoxic effect of the formulation with the highest potential for controlling the evaluated phytopathogens. Finally, a selected bioformulation was evaluated in a packing plant under real conditions. The bioformulation provided 84 and 60% protection against C. gloeosporioides and L. theobromae, respectively. The results indicated a high potential for these extracts in the development of commercial products that can contribute to the sustainable growth of the agricultural sector under clean production schemes.
Apoyo en la documentación de procesos del Comité Universidad Empresa Estado e identificación de riesgos
Authors: Betancur-Bustamante Diana Lucía , Pineda-Gómez Laura Isabel , Cardona-Álvarez Lina María
Published: October 2024

Un desafío significativo para el Comité Universidad Empresa Estado del Politécnico Colombiano Jaime Isaza Cadavid era la carencia de documentación adecuada y una metodología estructurada para identificar riesgos, poniendo en peligro su eficiencia y continuidad. Por tanto, se propone el objetivo de analizar sus procesos para identificar los riesgos durante el segundo semestre del 2023. La metodología utiliza herramientas como el método deductivo, la investigación documental y la descripción. La identificación de riesgos reveló el incumplimiento normativo y legal, pérdida de información, desconocimiento del comité, deserción estudiantil, insatisfacción de partes interesadas y carencia de asignación presupuestal. Se resalta la necesidad de medidas para su mitigación. El éxito del programa propuesto por el comité se debe a que ofrece una experiencia completa a los participantes. La propuesta de autonomía financiera plantea desafíos y oportunidades, y podría aumentar la agilidad y eficacia. Se destaca la importancia de una comunicación transparente para su gestión.
Estimación de la influencia de las emisiones vehiculares en la concentración del PM2.5. Medellín, Colombia 2009-2011
Authors: Gomez-Marin Miriam , Yepes-Palacio Dora Luz , Posada-Restrepo Enrique , Hurtado-Castaño Carlos Alberto
Published: October 2024

Este trabajo permite divulgar metodologías aplicadas para la estimación de la contribución de diferentes fuentes de emisión sobre la calidad del aire, a partir de datos históricos de caracterización del PM2.5 en la ciudad de Medellín, entre 2009 y 2011, como línea base para estudios actuales en la temática. El análisis completo de las variaciones horarias en los datos de concentración de PM2.5, muestran que existe un claro comportamiento estacional de los datos, con pico claramente diferenciado en horas de la mañana. Este fenómeno está relacionado con la influencia del tráfico vehicular y condiciones de dispersión de contaminantes en el Valle de Aburrá, Colombia. Un análisis químico de las muestras recogidas confirmó la influencia del tráfico en las concentraciones de PM2.5. Finalmente, a partir de la caracterización PM2.5 se aplicó el modelo PMF para identificar las fuentes de aporte de PM2.5 en tres zonas del área urbana con alta movilidad.
This work allows us to demonstrate the influence of several sources on the emission of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) based on historical data from the city of Medellín, between 2009 and 2011. The complete analysis of hourly variations in the concentration of PM2.5  show that there is a clear seasonal behavior of the data, with the appearance of a clearly differentiated peak in the morning hours. This phenomenon is related to the influence of vehicle traffic and to the dispersion conditions of pollutants at the Valle de Aburrá, Colombia. A chemical analysis of the collected samples confirmed the influence of traffic on concentrations PM2.5. Finally, based on the PM2.5 characterization, the PMF model was applied to identify the sources of PM2.5 in three zones of the urban area with high mobility.
Comparación de resultados económicos en la macro ruta central de la ciudad de Sogamoso para el aprovechamiento de residuos sólidos
Authors: Pineda-Melgarejo Ricardo Javier , Toro-Perea Edward Fernando
Published: October 2024

La comparación de resultados económicos en la Macro ruta central de Sogamoso de la red de aprovechamiento de residuos sólidos parte de la evaluación de alternativas de investigación de operaciones, aplicables a situaciones que exigen toma de decisiones, que pasan desde la optimización de redes, la técnica de proyectos PERT/CPM, hasta el uso de software para medir eficiencia y efectividad en la búsqueda de mejores resultados. Los problemas de redes resultan ser representaciones abstractas de actividades o procesos para la determinación del camino crítico con el uso de menos recursos, en este caso económico. La Macro ruta central de Sogamoso incluye modelos de ruteo a partir de la distancia más corta donde los costos se asocian directamente con esta variable. Los modelos de ruteo considerarán a los nodos como los puntos de recogida o contenedores de punto fijo y los arcos como los caminos entre cada uno de ellos.
The comparison of economic results in the Sogamoso MR-C of the solid waste utilization network is based on the assessment of operations research alternatives, applicable to situations that require decision making, in this case they go from optimization networks, to the use of software to measure efficiency and effectiveness in the search for better results. Network problems turn out to be abstract representations of activities or processes for determining the critical path with the use of fewer resources, in this case the economic one. Sogamoso's MR-C includes routing models based on the shortest distance where costs are directly associated with this variable. The routing models will consider the nodes as the collection points or fixed point containers and the arcs as the paths between each of them.
INNOVATION OPPORTUNITIES IN MARKET SQUARES
Authors: Cardona-Castaño Juan Camilo , Castaño-Martínez Camilo Antonio , Lizarazo-Hernández Sonia Patricia
Published: October 2024

The article examines market squares as connecting points between rural and urban areas, hosting diverse activities. Focused on Colombia and Mexico, the research employs qualitative methods, including case studies and direct observation, with analysis through Atlas.Ti. It highlights the positive impact of farmers' markets on strengthening the productive system and rural development, contributing to the urban food system, and creating opportunities for social innovation. Market management is based on a model of spontaneous relationships, emphasizing exchange and coexistence, especially in fresh and locally harvested products. Trade, centered on primary sector products, supports the transitioning peasant economy. The prevalence of informality, socially approved, is acknowledged. The SWOT analysis reveals weaknesses requiring innovative strategies, especially in environmental aspects such as organic waste management and noise pollution. These challenges require attention for future improvements.
Informe de Evento 2023. Lepra
Authors: Pérez Clavijo Claudia Lorena
Published: October 2024

Por consiguiente y en el marco de iniciativa de eliminación 30 de la cual hace parte la lepra o enfermedad de Hansen este informe tiene por objetivo realizar un análisis epidemiológico de la vigilancia en salud pública de esta enfermedad en Colombia para el año 2023.
An integrated measurement method of blade tip clearance and blade vibration based on blade tip timing technology
Authors:   Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Meng Yiming , Xiao Zhicheng ,   Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Wang Shang ,   Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Chai Pengfei ,   Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Ouyang Hua ,   Shanghai Jiao Tong University
Published: October 2024

Structural parameters measurement of rotating blades is an important issue to ensure long-term safe operation of turbomachinery. Blade tip clearance (BTC) and blade tip vibration (BTV) are essential parameters of rotating blades. Typically, BTC and BTV are measured by two separate systems, which poses a challenge to the available space for the sensors. This paper proposes an integrated measurement method of BTC and BTV base on blade tip timing (BTT) technology. On the hardware side, two focusing lenses with different focal lengths are used to form two tapered optical paths. On the software side, a new protocol is designed where both the time-of-arrival (ToA) and time-of-leaving (ToL) as a blade sweeps across the light cone are recorded. Finally, a new data processing algorithm was developed. This method was validated on a newly calibrated test bench, which had an adjustable clearance and could provide a vibration displacement benchmark. The experimental results show that simultaneous measurements of the BTC and BTV can be achieved without calibrating the blade parameters.
Influence of turbulence models on the numerical prediction of flow in an industrial gas turbine intake system
Authors:   Tsinghua University, Li Xiaoye , Ren Xiaodong ,   Tsinghua University, Li Yuhong ,   Tsinghua University, Gu Chunwei ,   Tsinghua University
Published: October 2024

Computational analysis with RANS method was carried out for the flow inside the intake system of an industrial gas turbine. The influence of different turbulence models on the numerical predictions was investigated in this study. The results indicate that the numerical simulation obtains the counter-rotating vortices similar to experimental result. However, variations in the swirl velocity magnitude and vortex structure were observed among different turbulence models. Based on velocity and total pressure data obtained using 2D-PIV and probe measurement systems, statistical method was employed to quantitatively assess the results of different turbulence models. It turned out that the Generalized k-ω model gives better results in circumferential velocity and total pressure recovery coefficient, which may be attributed to the corrections for swirl and near-wall effects. The flow loss distribution and sources within the intake system were analyzed utilizing the experimentally validated simulation method. The findings show that vortices and boundary layer were the primary sources of flow losses within the intake system. Moreover, the significant flow loss occurred after a 90° turn of the airflow, and the struts introduce more loss.
Digital transformation in aviation: an end-to-end digital twin approach for aircraft engine maintenance – exploration of challenges and solutions
Authors:   German Aerospace Center (DLR), Reitenbach Stanislaus , Ebel Paul-Benjamin ,   German Aerospace Center (DLR), Grunwitz Clemens ,   German Aerospace Center (DLR), Siggel Martin ,   German Aerospace Center (DLR), Pahs Andreas ,   German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Published: October 2024

The development and application of digital twins in aircraft engine maintenance represents a paradigm shift towards more efficient, accurate and predictive maintenance strategies. This study introduces an end-to-end process using a turbine blade as a case study to demonstrate the potential of digital twin technology in maintenance practice. High-resolution cameras are used in a generic environment to digitally capture the geometries of turbine blades to simulate the conditions of shop visits. These blades, taken from a test rig, have geometries that include manufacturing faults, providing a viable basis for the digitalization process. The resulting models are used for Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) as well as Computational Structural Mechanics (CSM) simulations. By comparing the captured geometries with optimal design models, the methodology enables the precise identification of deviations. Additional integration of CFD simulations into the 0-D thermodynamic analysis, allowing the aerodynamic effects of blade degradation and damage to be evaluated in the context of overall engine operation. The research identifies critical bottlenecks, particularly in the conversion of the captured geometries into CAD models and their integration into CFD and CSM analysis, and investigates solutions to these challenges.
Multi-operating-point adjoint aerodynamic optimization of the fan of a high bypass-ratio engine
Authors:   Northwestern Polytechnical University, Zhao Jiazi , Zhang Qian ,   Northwestern Polytechnical University, Huang Xiuquan ,   Northwestern Polytechnical University, Wang Dingxi ,   Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xu Shenren ,   Northwestern Polytechnical University
Published: October 2024

A multi-operating-point adjoint aerodynamic optimization of the fan of a high bypass-ratio aero-engine is presented in this paper. Flow solutions at both design and off-design operating points are firstly obtained using an in-house Newton— Krylov flow solver, and compared with a commercial solver to verify their accuracy. Subsequently, an automatic gradientbased optimization workflow is established to perform multi-operating-point adjoint aerodynamic optimization. Three typical operating points related with the bypass performance, i.e. design, bypass near stall and bypass near choke points are considered in order to achieve bypass performance improvement at the design point while retaining stall margin of bypass at the same time. 225 parameters are chosen as optimization variables for the current optimization. A discrete adjoint solver is used to obtain gradients efficiently and accurately at the design point and near choke/stall points. The optimization results show that the efficiency of the bypass at the design point is increased by about 0.6% within just 19 optimization steps, while all constraints are satisfied. This demonstrates that the Newton—Krylov flow and adjoint solvers are efficient and robust tools for performing automatic multi-operating-point optimization of fans of high bypass-ratio engines to increase design point efficiency and retain stall margin simultaneously.
Bilateral penetrating corneal transplantation in a patient with keratoconus and Stormorken Syndrome: a clinical case
Authors: Arzhimatova G. Sh. , Slonimsky Yu. B. , Salikhov E. A. , Shemyakin M. Yu. , Ibraimov A. I.
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Keratoconus is a progressive corneal disease that results in thinning, curvature change, and refractive alterations, significantly impairing. visual acuity, even to the point of light perception. In advance stages, corneal transplantation may be necessary. Purpose. This publication aims to analyze a clinical case of corneal transplantation in a patient with keratoconus and Stormorken Syndrome, a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the STIM1 gene leading to calcium channelopathies. Case description. Patient Z., a 24-year-old male diagnosed with Stormorken Syndrome in childhood, was referred to the Moscow City Ophthalmological Centre. Comprehensive evaluations, including biomicroscopy, keratopachimetry, and ultrasound eye examination, confirmed keratoconus in both eyes. The patient underwent bilaterial penetrating keratoplasty due to disease progression. Postoperatively, visual acuity was 0.8 in the right eye, and 0.7 in the left eye. Additional clinical observations including bilateral myositis (resistant to medication), hypoinflammation, thrombocytopenia, dyslexia, and proximal muscles weakness, of the consistent with Stormorken Syndrome. Genetical testing confirmed a pathogenic STMI1 mutation. Conclusion. Despite the high volume of keratoplasty procedures at our clinic, this case is noteworthy. The currrent literature lacks reports on penetrating keratoplasty using native donor material in patients with Stormorken Syndrome, highlighting the uniqueness of this case.
Oxygen permeability and gas permeable contact lens materials
Authors: Conway M. , Eddleston M.
Published: October 2024

In this article, we will examine the importance of oxygen permeability (Dk) in gas permeable contact lens materials, and the significance of high Dk in scleral and ortho-k lens designs.
Implementasi Robot Operating System pada Robot ABU ROBOCON 2024 dengan Metode High Precision Path Planning
Authors: Jawed Iqbal Alfaruqiy  , Joko Endrasmono  , Zindhu maulana Ahmad Putra
Published: October 2024

Kontes Robot Indonesia (KRI) adalah kompetisi nasional dalam bidang robotika yang diselenggarakan oleh Pusat Prestasi Nasional, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia. Salah satu kategorinya, Kontes Robot ABU Indonesia (KRAI), mengikuti tema dan aturan dari ABU Robocon. Pada tahun 2024, tema "Harvest Day" mengharuskan robot bergerak otomatis tanpa intervensi manual, menjadikan lokalisasi yang akurat sangat penting untuk memastikan pergerakan robot yang tepat di arena. Lokalisasi, yang merupakan proses penentuan posisi robot, dilakukan menggunakan Robot Operating System (ROS), memanfaatkan pustaka seperti Gazebo dan RViz untuk meningkatkan akurasi dan pemantauan gerakan robot. Dengan Adaptive Monte Carlo Localization (AMCL) dan sensor RPLidarA1M8, robot dapat menentukan posisinya pada sumbu x dan y, serta arah gerak berikutnya. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa AMCL dalam ROS efektif untuk lokalisasi dan perencanaan jalur dengan parameter yang dapat disesuaikan. Namun, untuk hasil optimal, diperlukan peningkatan desain perangkat keras, terutama pada swerve drive dan rotary encoder, serta komunikasi yang lebih efisien antara mikrokontroler STM32F407VGTx dan laptop agar perencanaan jalur lebih cepat dan efektif.
Continuous Process Verification 4.0 application in upstream: adaptiveness implementation managed by AI in the hypoxic bioprocess of the Pichia pastoris cell factory
Authors: Gasset Arnau , Van Wijngaarden Joeri , Mirabent Ferran , Sales-Vallverdú Albert , Garcia-Ortega Xavier , Montesinos-Seguí José Luis , Manzano Toni , Valero Francisco
Published: October 2024

The experimental approach developed in this research demonstrated how the cloud, the Internet of Things (IoT), edge computing, and Artificial Intelligence (AI), considered key technologies in Industry 4.0, provide the expected horizon for adaptive vision in Continued Process Verification (CPV), the final stage of Process Validation (PV). Pichia pastoris producing Candida rugosa lipase 1 under the regulation of the constitutive GAP promoter was selected as an experimental bioprocess. The bioprocess worked under hypoxic conditions in carbon-limited fed-batch cultures through a physiological control based on the respiratory quotient (RQ). In this novel bioprocess, a digital twin (DT) was built and successfully tested. The implementation of online sensors worked as a bridge between the microorganism and AI models, to provide predictions from the edge and the cloud. AI models emulated the metabolism of Pichia based on critical process parameters and actionable factors to achieve the expected quality attributes. This innovative AI-aided Adaptive-Proportional Control strategy (AI-APC) improved the reproducibility comparing to a Manual-Heuristic Control strategy (MHC), showing better performance than the Boolean-Logic-Controller (BLC) tested. The accuracy, indicated by the Mean Relative Error (MRE), was for the AI-APC lower than 4%, better than the obtained for MHC (10%) and BLC (5%). Moreover, in terms of precision, the same trend was observed when comparing the Root Mean Square Deviation (RMSD) values, becoming lower as the complexity of the controller increases. The successful automatic real time control of the bioprocess orchestrated by AI models proved the 4.0 capabilities brought by the adaptive concept and its validity in biopharmaceutical upstream operations.
Can 3-year-old children learn verbs using an educational touchscreen app?
Authors: Taylor Gemma , Westermann Gert , Monaghan Padraic
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Research demonstrates that children can learn nouns using touchscreen apps, however there has been less attention to whether apps can also promote verb learning. In addition, only a few studies have investigated the role of adult-child co-use for facilitating language learning from touchscreen apps.

Method

In the present study, 3-year-old children were taught three novel verbs in a live condition or with an app. Children in the app condition either used the app in a child-led interaction or an adult-led interaction. Children's verb learning was assessed using a three-choice pointing task.

Results and discussion

Only children in the live condition showed evidence of verb learning and performed above chance, and there were no differences in performance by children in the app conditions. Children therefore did not show evidence of verb learning from our experimental app. Further research therefore needs to investigate different strategies for adult-child co-use and the role of different app features for supporting children's verb learning from apps.
Study on the ecosystem service flow based on the relationship of between supply and demand in Yangtze River Economic Belt
Authors: Lei Ming , Ma Guoxia , Yu Fang , Tang Ze , Yang Weishan , Zhou Ying , Peng Fei
Published: October 2024

Ecosystems supply goods and services to humans and are the basis for sustainable development of human society. The study of the supply of ecosystem services and the demand and consumption of ecosystem services by human society, and the analysis of the supply and demand characteristics and flow relationships of ecosystem service flows are of great significance for the management of regional ecosystems and the development of ecological compensation. Taking the Yangtze River Economic Belt as an example, this paper calculates the supply and demand indices of ecosystem services in 2015 and 2020, and determines the ecosystem spatial flow paths and flow volumes from the ecosystem supply area to the demand area based on various methods and models such as the minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model and distance decay model. The results indicate that 1). In 2015 and 2020, the supply and demand of ecosystem services in the Yangtze River Economic Zone show an increasing trend numerically, and there is spatial heterogeneity in the spatial distribution. In terms of ecosystem service supply per unit area, the midstream region is higher than the upstream and downstream regions. In terms of the demand for ecosystem services per unit area, the downstream is higher than the midstream and upstream. 2). From the supply-demand balance of ecosystem services in the Yangtze River Economic Zone, the midstream region is mainly the area of surplus supply of ecosystem services, and the downstream region is mainly the area of deficit supply. From 2015 to 2020, the number of areas with balanced supply and demand of ecosystem services in the Yangtze River Economic Belt decreases and the number of areas with unbalanced supply and demand increases, which is related to the changes in the level of economic development and land use patterns. 3). The flow of ecosystem services in the Yangtze River Economic Belt shows an increasing trend, from 726.59 billion yuan in 2015 to 1,450.54 billion yuan in 2020, with Jiangxi Province being the main ecosystem service supply area and Zhejiang Province being the main ecosystem service demand area in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.
Evaluation of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity using progesterone and androgen receptors-mediated transactivation
Authors: Yazawa Takashi , Watanabe Yugo , Yokohama Yuko , Imamichi Yoshitaka , Hasegawa Kazuya , Nakajima Ke-ichi , Kitano Takeshi , Ida Takanori , Sato Takahiro , Islam Mohammad Sayful , Umezawa Akihiro , Takahashi Satoru , Kato Yasuhito , Jahan Sharmin , Kawabe Jun-ichi
Published: October 2024

3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (3β-HSDs) catalyze the oxidative conversion of delta (5)-ene-3-beta-hydroxy steroids and ketosteroids. Human 3β-HSD type 2 (HSD3B2) is predominantly expressed in gonadal and adrenal steroidogenic cells for producing all classes of active steroid hormones. Mutations in HSD3B2 gene cause a rare form of congenital adrenal hyperplasia with varying degree of salt wasting and incomplete masculinization, resulting from reduced production of corticoids and androgens. Therefore, evaluation of the HSD3B2 enzymatic activity in both pathways for each steroid hormone production is important for accurately understanding and diagnosing this disorder. Using progesterone receptor (PR)- and androgen receptor (AR)-mediated transactivation, we adapted a method that easily evaluates enzymatic activity of HSD3B2 by quantifying the conversion from substrates [pregnenolone (P5) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)] to (progesterone and androstenedione). HEK293 cells were transduced to express human HSD3B2, and incubated medium containing P5 or DHEA. Depending on the incubation time with HSD3B2-expressing cells, the culture media progressively increased luciferase activities in CV-1 cells, transfected with the PR/AR expression vector and progesterone-/androgen-responsive reporter. Culture media from human and other mammalian HSD3B1-expressing cells also increased the luciferase activities. HEK293 cells expressing various missense mutations in the HSD3B2 gene revealed the potential of this system to evaluate the relationship between the enzymatic activities of mutant proteins and patient phenotype.
Newborn screening for SCID: the very first prospective pilot study from Türkiye
Authors: Haskologlu Sule , Kocak Senem , Tufan Lale Satiroglu , Aksoy Fethiye Eken , Bastug Dilan , Oner Deniz Aslar , Islamoglu Candan , Baskin Kubra , Esenboga Saliha , Acican Deniz , Ceylaner Serdar , Guner Sukru Nail , Keles Sevgi , Cagdas Deniz , Reisli Ismail , Tezel Basak , Dogu Figen , Tezcan Ilhan , Ikinciogullari Aydan
Published: October 2024

Purpose

The measurement of T-cell receptor excision circle (TREC) is used for newborn screening (NBS) in dried blood spot (DBS) samples from Guthrie card for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). Here, we report the results of first newborn screening pilot program for SCID conducted in Türkiye.

Methods

The study was carried out together with Ankara University School of Medicine and The Ministry of Health, Public Health General Directorate, Pediatric and Adolescent Health Department. TREC measurements were performed in randomly selected Guthrie card samples obtained from 20253 babies born between October 2018 and October 2020. The TREC analyses were performed together with beta Actin (β-Actin) via RT-PCR (Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction).

Results

TRECs found to be normal (≥15 copies/µl) in 98,6% of the newborns (n: 19975) but low (<15 copies/µl) in 1.4% (n:278) at the initial analyses. TRECs were retested in 278 suspected infants and found to be normal in 160 (0.8%) while low in 118 (0.58%). New DBS were obtained from the babies with low TRECs (new sample test). TRECs were normal in 108 (0.53%) of the new sample tests and low in 10 (0.049%). Two among 10 babies who had abnormal (undetectable) TRECs were diagnosed as SCID; ADA (P1) and RAG1 (P2) defects were confirmed respectively. They both received curative treatments [gene therapy (P1) and HSCT (P2)]. The remaining 6 of 8 newborns with abnormal TRECs were found normal after clinical and laboratory immune work-up, while medical records of other two revealed early postnatal death due to extreme prematurity.

Conclusion

In the light of this study the incidence of SCID was detected at least 1/10000 live births in Türkiye. This study shows the feasibility and usefulness of initiating SCID screening in Türkiye.
Replacing sea mud with attachment of suspension cage can improve growth and gut health for sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus
Authors: Guo Zhixu , Meng Xiangyu , Zhang Yuntian , Wu Di , Zhang Rongwei , Zhao Xiaoran , Ren Tongjun , Han Yuzhe
Published: October 2024

During the suspension cage culture procedure, a substantial quantity of attachments from the suspension cage will amass in the tidal flats, resulting in environmental pollution and resource wastage. The aim of the present study was to explore the feasibility of using attachments of suspension cage (ASC) as a raw feed material for sea cucumbers. Different ASC concentrations (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%) were used in sea cucumber (Apostichopus japonicus) fed for 60 d. Replacing sea mud with 50% ASC significantly improved sea cucumber growth, reduced the feed coefficient, significantly increased the activity of intestinal digestive enzymes, improved the activities of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase, improved the intestinal structure, and enriched intestinal microbiome diversity (P<0.05). Replacing sea mud with 75% and 100% ASC significantly improved sea cucumber total antioxidant capacity and total superoxide dismutase (P<0.05).Furthermore, expressions of c-myc gene, mapk-7 gene and fgfr-1 gene, which all three growth genes, significantly increased in the 50% ASC treatment compared to that in the control; whereas, that of gdf-8 gene, a negative growth regulator, was inhibited (P<0.05). Based on the quadratic regression analysis for the weight gain rate, the appropriate levels of ASC substitution were estimated as to be 44.28%. The results suggested the potential of ASC as a new raw feed material for sea cucumbers.
Identifying risk factors for acute respiratory distress syndrome in critically ill patients: a retrospective study
Authors: Zhou Yang , Li Congye , Mei Shuya , Xu Qiaoyi , Qin Shaojie , Feng Jinhua , Wang Jiemin , Xing Shunpeng , Wang Wei , Li Feng , Zhou Quanhong , He Zhengyu , Gao Yuan , Zhang Xiaolin , Zhang Zhiyun
Published: October 2024

Background

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening condition that can develop in critically ill patients. Early identification of risk factors associated with ARDS development is essential for timely intervention and improved patient outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the potential predictors of ARDS in critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Methods

We conducted a retrospective study involving 502 critically ill patients admitted to the ICUs of three hospitals. Demographic and clinical data, including laboratory test results, were collected during their ICU stay. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors associated with the development of ARDS.

Results

Among the 502 critically ill patients, 104 (20.7%) patients developed ARDS during their ICU stay, with a median time to development of 5.2 days. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that age (odds ratio [OR], 1.07; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–1.13; P = 0.002), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.05–1.17; P = 0.013), T lymphocyte count (OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.69–0.93; P = 0.011), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.08–1.23; P = 0.003) were independently associated with the development of ARDS in critically ill patients.

Conclusions

Our study identified age, CRP, T lymphocyte count, and IL-6 as independent predictors of ARDS in critically ill patients admitted to the ICU. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring these parameters in critically ill patients to identify those at high risk of developing ARDS. Early recognition and intervention based on these risk factors may improve patient outcomes in the ICU setting. Further prospective studies are warranted to validate these results and develop a reliable predictive model for ARDS in critically ill patients.