bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On the Influence of Input Data Quality to Flood Damage Estimation: The Performance of the INSYDE Model
Authors: Molinari Daniela , Scorzini Anna Rita
Published: September 2017

IN-depth SYnthetic Model for Flood Damage Estimation (INSYDE) is a model for the estimation of flood damage to residential buildings at the micro-scale. This study investigates the sensitivity of INSYDE to the accuracy of input data. Starting from the knowledge of input parameters at the scale of individual buildings for a case study, the level of detail of input data is progressively downgraded until the condition in which a representative value is defined for all inputs at the census block scale. The analysis reveals that two conditions are required to limit the errors in damage estimation: the representativeness of representatives values with respect to micro-scale values and the local knowledge of the footprint area of the buildings, being the latter the main extensive variable adopted by INSYDE. Such a result allows for extending the usability of the model at the meso-scale, also in different countries, depending on the availability of aggregated building data.
Allotetraploid cryptic species in Asplenium normale in the Japanese Archipelago, detected by chemotaxonomic and multi‐locus genotype approaches
Authors: Fujiwara Tao , Uehara Ayumi , Iwashina Tsukasa , Matsumoto Sadamu , Chang Yi‐Han , Chao Yi‐Shan , Watano Yasuyuki
Published: September 2017

PREMISE OF THE STUDY:

Delimitation of cryptic species provides an understanding of biodiversity and opportunities to elucidate speciation processes. Extensive flavonoid variation has been reported in the tetraploid cytotype of the fern, Asplenium normale, although related species have no intraspecific variations in flavonoid composition. We hypothesized that Japanese A. normale still harbors multiple cryptic species with different flavonoid compositions, and tested this hypothesis using chemotaxonomic and multilocus genotyping approaches.

METHODS:

We determined the multilocus genotypes (MLGs) of 230 samples from 37 populations for one chloroplast DNA region and three nuclear genes. MLGs were used to delimit reproductively isolated lineages by population‐genetic approaches. We also tested the correspondence between genetically recognized groups and flavonoid compositions. To identify the origins of putative cryptic species, we conducted phylogenetic analysis of the DNA markers used in genotyping.

KEY RESULTS:

The genetic clusters and flavonoid compositions showed clear correspondence. We recognized three putative cryptic species in tetraploid Asplenium normale in Japan. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that cryptic species I and III originated from allopolyploidization between a diploid A. normale and an unknown diploid of A. boreale, and cryptic species II originated from allopolyploidization between a diploid A. normale and A. oligophlebium.

CONCLUSIONS:

Our study demonstrated that intraspecific variation of secondary metabolites can be a good indicator of cryptic species in ferns. The presence of the two cryptic species having the same progenitor diploid pair suggests that speciation between allopolyploid lineages of independent origin may be more common than previously considered.
Space Weathering of Super-Earths: Model Simulations of Exospheric Sodium Escape from 61 Virgo b
Authors: Yoneda M. , Berdyugina S. , Kuhn J.
Published: September 2017

Rocky exoplanets are expected to be eroded by space weather in a similar way as in the solar system. In particular, Mercury is one of the dramatically eroded planets whose material continuously escapes into its exosphere and further into space. This escape is well traced by sodium atoms scattering sunlight. Due to solar wind impact, micrometeorite impacts, photo-stimulated desorption and thermal desorption, sodium atoms are released from surface regolith. Some of these released sodium atoms are escaping from Mercury’s gravitational-sphere. They are dragged anti-Sun-ward and form a tail structure. We expect similar phenomena on exoplanets. The hot super-Earth 61 Vir b orbiting a G3V star at only 0.05 au may show a similar structure. Because of its small separation from the star, the sodium release mechanisms may be working more efficiently on hot super-Earths than on Mercury, although the strong gravitational force of Earth-sized or even more massive planets may be keeping sodium atoms from escaping from the planet. Here, we performed model simulations for Mercury (to verify our model) and 61 Vir b as a representative super-Earth. We have found that sodium atoms can escape from this exoplanet due to stellar wind sputtering and micrometeorite impacts, to form a sodium tail. However, in contrast to Mercury, the tail on this hot super-Earth is strongly aligned with the anti-starward direction because of higher light pressure. Our model suggests that 61 Vir b seems to have an exo-base atmosphere like that of Mercury.
A Search for Additional Bodies in the GJ 1132 Planetary System from 21 Ground-based Transits and a 100-hr Spitzer Campaign
Authors: Dittmann Jason A. , Irwin Jonathan M. , Charbonneau David , Berta-Thompson Zachory K. , Newton Elisabeth R.
Published: September 2017

We present the results of a search for additional bodies in the GJ 1132 system through two methods: photometric transits and transit timing variations of GJ 1132b. We collected 21 transit observations of GJ 1132b with the MEarth-South array. We obtained 100 near-continuous hours of observations with the Spitzer Space Telescope, including two transits of GJ 1132b and spanning 60% of the orbital phase of the maximum (6.9-day) period at which bodies coplanar with GJ 1132b would transit. We exclude transits of additional Mars-sized bodies, such as a second planet or a moon, with a confidence of 99.7%. We find that the planet-to-star radius ratio inferred from the MEarth and Spitzer light curves are discrepant at the

level, which we ascribe to the effects of starspots and faculae. When we combine the mass estimate of the star (obtained from its parallax and apparent K

s
band magnitude) with the stellar density inferred from our high-cadence Spitzer light curve (assuming zero eccentricity), we measure the stellar radius of GJ 1132 to be

, and we refine the radius measurement of GJ 1132b to

. Combined with HARPS RV measurements, we determine the density of GJ 1132b to be 6.2 ± 2.0 g cm−3. We refine the ephemeris of the system (improving the period determination by an order of magnitude) and find no evidence for transit timing variations, which would be expected if there was a second planet near an orbital resonance with GJ 1132b.
Kink Waves in Non-isothermal Stratified Solar Waveguides: Effect of the External Magnetic Field
Authors: Lopin I. , Nagorny I.
Published: September 2017

We study the effect of an external magnetic field on the properties of kink waves, propagating along a thin non-isothermal stratified and diverging magnetic flux tube. A wave equation, governing the propagation of kink waves under the adopted model is derived. It is shown that the vertical gradient of temperature introduces a spatially local cut-off frequency ω

c
. The vertical distribution of the cut-off frequency is calculated for the reference VAL-C model of the solar atmosphere and for different values of a ratio of external to internal magnetic fields. The results show that the cut-off frequency is negative below the temperature minimum due to the negative temperature gradient. In the chromosphere the cut-off frequency at a given height is smaller for a stronger external magnetic field. For the appropriate range of a ratio B

e
/B

i
 ≈ 0–0.8, the cutoff lies in the range ω

c
 ≈ 0.003–0.010 s−1 (periods 600 < P

c
< 2000 s). The estimate of the cut-off frequency in the transition region is provided as well. In the propagating wave regime, the effective wave energy flux in the non-isothermal diverging flux tubes is the same as in the straight and homogeneous cylindrical waveguides. The obtained wave equation in the limit β = 0 is used to study the kink oscillations of non-isothermal coronal loops. It is found that the gradient of temperature along the coronal loops reduces the frequency ratio of the first overtone to the fundamental mode, i.e., ω
2/ω
1 < 2. This reduction grows for a larger ratio of temperature at the loop top to the temperature at the footpoints. Moreover, the effect of reduction is most pronounced for the steeper temperature profiles.
The Gaseous Phase as a Probe of the Astrophysical Solid Phase Chemistry
Authors: Abou Mrad Ninette , Duvernay Fabrice , Isnard Robin , Chiavassa Thierry , Danger Grégoire
Published: September 2017

In support of space missions and spectroscopic observations, laboratory experiments on ice analogs enable a better understanding of organic matter formation and evolution in astrophysical environments. Herein, we report the monitoring of the gaseous phase of processed astrophysical ice analogs to determine if the gaseous phase can elucidate the chemical mechanisms and dominant reaction pathways occurring in the solid ice subjected to vacuum ultra-violet (VUV) irradiation at low temperature and subsequently warmed. Simple (CH3OH), binary (H2O:CH3OH, CH3OH:NH3), and ternary ice analogs (H2O:CH3OH:NH3) were VUV-processed and warmed. The evolution of volatile organic compounds in the gaseous phase shows a direct link between their relative abundances in the gaseous phase, and the radical and thermal chemistries modifying the initial ice composition. The correlation between the gaseous and solid phases may play a crucial role in deciphering the organic composition of astrophysical objects. As an example, possible solid compositions of the comet Lovejoy are suggested using the abundances of organics in its comae.
AGILE Detection of a Candidate Gamma-Ray Precursor to the ICECUBE-160731 Neutrino Event
Authors: Lucarelli F. , Pittori C. , Verrecchia F. , Donnarumma I. , Tavani M. , Bulgarelli A. , Giuliani A. , Antonelli L. A. , Caraveo P. , Cattaneo P. W. , Colafrancesco S. , Longo F. , Mereghetti S. , Morselli A. , Pacciani L. , Piano G. , Pellizzoni A. , Pilia M. , Rappoldi A. , Trois A. , Vercellone S.
Published: September 2017

On 2016 July 31 the ICECUBE collaboration reported the detection of a high-energy starting event induced by an astrophysical neutrino. Here, we report on a search for a gamma-ray counterpart to the ICECUBE-160731 event, made with the AGILE satellite. No detection was found spanning the time interval of ±1 ks around the neutrino event time T
0 using the AGILE “burst search” system. Looking for a possible gamma-ray precursor in the results of the AGILE-GRID automatic Quick Look procedure over predefined 48-hr time bins, we found an excess above 100 MeV between 1 and 2 days before T
0, which is positionally consistent with the ICECUBE error circle, that has a post-trial significance of about

. A refined data analysis of this excess confirms, a posteriori, the automatic detection. The new AGILE transient source, named AGL J1418+0008, thus stands as a possible ICECUBE-160731 gamma-ray precursor. No other space missions nor ground observatories have reported any detection of transient emission consistent with the ICECUBE event. We show that Fermi-LAT had a low exposure for the ICECUBE region during the AGILE gamma-ray transient. Based on an extensive search for cataloged sources within the error regions of ICECUBE-160731 and AGL J1418+0008, we find a possible common counterpart showing some of the key features associated with the high-energy peaked BL Lac (HBL) class of blazars. Further investigations on the nature of this source using dedicated SWIFT ToO data are presented.
The KMOS Cluster Survey (KCS). I. The Fundamental Plane and the Formation Ages of Cluster Galaxies at Redshift 1.4 < Z < 1.6*
Authors: Beifiori Alessandra , Mendel J. Trevor , Chan Jeffrey C. C. , Saglia Roberto P. , Bender Ralf , Cappellari Michele , Davies Roger L. , Galametz Audrey , Houghton Ryan C. W. , Prichard Laura J. , Smith Russell , Stott John P. , Wilman David J. , Lewis Ian J. , Sharples Ray , Wegner Michael
Published: September 2017

We present the analysis of the fundamental plane (FP) for a sample of 19 massive red-sequence galaxies (

) in three known overdensities at

from the K-band Multi-object Spectrograph (KMOS) Cluster Survey, a guaranteed-time program with spectroscopy from the KMOS at the VLT and imaging from the Hubble Space Telescope. As expected, we find that the FP zero-point in B band evolves with redshift, from the value 0.443 of Coma to −0.10 ± 0.09, −0.19 ± 0.05, and −0.29 ± 0.12 for our clusters at z = 1.39, z = 1.46, and z = 1.61, respectively. For the most massive galaxies (

) in our sample, we translate the FP zero-point evolution into a mass-to-light-ratio M/L evolution, finding

,

, to

, respectively. We assess the potential contribution of the galaxy structural and stellar velocity dispersion evolution to the evolution of the FP zero-point and find it to be ∼6%–35% of the FP zero-point evolution. The rate of M/L evolution is consistent with galaxies evolving passively. Using single stellar population models, we find an average age of

Gyr for the

galaxies in our massive and virialized cluster at z = 1.39,

Gyr in a massive but not virialized cluster at z = 1.46, and

Gyr in a protocluster at z = 1.61. After accounting for the difference in the age of the universe between redshifts, the ages of the galaxies in the three overdensities are consistent within the errors, with possibly a weak suggestion that galaxies in the most evolved structure are older.
Ejection of Chondrules from Fluffy Matrices
Authors: Arakawa Sota
Published: September 2017

Chondritic meteorites primarily contain millimeter-sized spherical objects, chondrules; however, the co-accretion process of chondrules and matrix grains is not yet understood. In this study, we investigate the ejection process of chondrules via collisions of fluffy aggregates composed of chondrules and matrices. We reveal that fluffy aggregates cannot grow into planetesimals without losing chondrules if we assume that the chondrite parent bodies are formed via direct aggregation of similar-sized aggregates. Therefore, an examination of other growth pathways is necessary to explain the formation of rocky planetesimals in our solar system.
Radio Selection of the Most Distant Galaxy Clusters
Authors: Daddi E. , Jin S. , Strazzullo V. , Sargent M. T. , Wang T. , Ferrari C. , Schinnerer E. , Smolčić V. , Calabró A. , Coogan R. , Delhaize J. , Delvecchio I. , Elbaz D. , Gobat R. , Gu Q. , Liu D. , Novak M. , Valentino F.
Published: September 2017

We show that the most distant X-ray-detected cluster known to date, Cl J1001 at

, hosts a strong overdensity of radio sources. Six of them are individually detected (within

) in deep

resolution VLA 3 GHz imaging, with

. Of the six, an active galactic nucleus (AGN) likely affects the radio emission in two galaxies, while star formation is the dominant source powering the remaining four. We searched for cluster candidates over the full COSMOS 2 deg2 field using radio-detected 3 GHz sources and looking for peaks in

density maps. Cl J1001 is the strongest overdensity by far with

, with a simple

preselection. A cruder photometric rejection of

radio foregrounds leaves Cl J1001 as the second strongest overdensity, while even using all radio sources Cl J1001 remains among the four strongest projected overdensities. We conclude that there are great prospects for future deep and wide-area radio surveys to discover large samples of the first generation of forming galaxy clusters. In these remarkable structures, widespread star formation and AGN activity of massive galaxy cluster members, residing within the inner cluster core, will ultimately lead to radio continuum as one of the most effective means for their identification, with detection rates expected in the ballpark of 0.1–1 per square degree at

. Samples of hundreds such high-redshift clusters could potentially constrain cosmological parameters and test cluster and galaxy formation models.
A Fast Radio Burst Occurs Every Second throughout the Observable Universe
Authors: Fialkov Anastasia , Loeb Abraham
Published: September 2017

Recent multi-telescope observations of the repeating fast radio burst (FRB) FRB 121102 reveal a Gaussian-like spectral profile and associate the event with a dwarf metal-poor galaxy at a cosmological redshift of 0.19. Assuming that this event represents the entire FRB population, we make predictions for the expected number counts of FRBs observable by future radio telescopes between 50 MHz and 3.5 GHz. We vary our model assumptions to bracket the expected rate of FRBs and find that it exceeds one FRB per second per sky when accounting for faint sources. We show that future low-frequency radio telescopes, such as the Square Kilometre Array, could detect more than one FRB per minute over the entire sky originating from the epoch of reionization.
Le MOOC comme levier d’un processus d’apprentissage organisationnel
Authors: Acquatella François
Published: September 2017

Considéré comme un des symboles de la révolution numérique, le MOOC est envisagé par Total comme un dispositif susceptible par son utilisation d’enrichir les « capacités » et « capacités dynamiques » des acteurs et de l’organisation, en portant la culture numérique au cœur de l’entreprise. L’objectif de cet article est de déterminer dans quelle mesure le MOOC permet d’intégrer, construire et reconfigurer les compétences au sein de l’organisation. L’analyse à laquelle il a été procédé au travers d’enquêtes (quantitative et qualitative) pour l’élaboration de cet article conduit à définir le MOOC comme levier de création d’une nouvelle compétence organisationnelle. L’usage lié à l’appropriation du dispositif MOOC, pointe une amélioration générale des capacités et compétences favorables au développement de nouvelles routines organisationnelles, représentant également de nouvelles valeurs directrices au sein de l’organisation. Cet article présente une lecture systémique de l’apprentissage organisationnel en lien avec l’approche structurationniste. En ce sens, le MOOC est envisagé comme un dispositif structurant qui dans le même ordre de paradigme, participe d’une vision organisante.
Changement et Business développement : changer les organisations avec les start-up
Authors: Autissier David , Johnson Kevin , Moutot Jean-Michel
Published: September 2017

L’accélération du changement est telle, notamment dans le digital, que les entreprises sont obligées d’externaliser leur structure d’innovation. L’inertie et les forces inhibitrices des systèmes limitent structurellement la capacité des organisations à répondre aux évolutions des marchés. En réponse à cette contrainte et exigence, les organisations externalisent tout ou partie de leur innovation en développant des incubateurs (internes et externes) de start-up et de spin-off. Ces structures plus agiles et réactives développent plus rapidement les innovations et utilisent les accès aux marchés des organisations plus matures dans une logique de business développement. Les Start-ups deviennent alors des outils d’innovation mais aussi de transformation pour les entreprises qui peuvent les développer de manière indépendante ou les réintégrer pour faire évoluer leur organisation.
L’impact de la perception des changements organisationnels sur le bien-être des cadres
Authors: Cherkaoui Widad Camille , Jahmane Abderrahman , Montargot Nathalie
Published: September 2017

Les changements organisationnels sont associés à l’expérience de conditions de travail stressantes, l’incertitude et l’anxiété. Ils peuvent à la fois engendrer du stress et un impact négatif sur le bien-être physique et psychologique des employés. En conséquence, Swanson et Power (2001) suggèrent aux gestionnaires d’accorder une attention toute particulière à la perception des employés durant ces périodes de stress chronique. Cette recherche se focalise sur la manière dont ces changements sont perçus et interprétés, comme un risque ou au contraire un avantage, selon le sens que les individus leur donnent (Mack et al ., 1998 ; Moyle et Parkes, 1999 ; De Zanet et al ., 2004 ; Rafferty et Griffin, 2006). Elle a pour objet d’étudier l’impact de la perception des changements organisationnels sur le bien-être des cadres récemment exposés à des changements organisationnels majeurs. Elle consiste également à proposer des préconisations aux gestionnaires, pour une meilleure réussite de la conduite du changement et aux chercheurs, en termes d’apports et de voies à explorer.
The stability of group formation
Authors: Demange Gabrielle
Published: September 2017

Dans de nombreuses situations politiques et économiques, deux forces dominent la formation de groupes : d’une part les rendements attendus d’une coordination à l’intérieur d’un groupe croissent avec sa taille, d’autre part la diversité des préférences et des goûts freinent la coordination, défavorisant les groupes larges et hétérogènes. Lorsque ces deux forces, de direction opposée, sont à l’œuvre, on peut s’attendre à la formation de plusieurs groupes disjoints, chacun exploitant les rendements croissants tout en répondant aux préférences de ces membres. Sous quelles conditions peut-on espérer une organisation efficace et stable de la société ? La libre mobilité des individus et la libre formation de coalitions suffisent-elles ? Cet article présente les approches théoriques à ces questions ainsi que quelques études empiriques récentes.
Jeux de coalitions et oligopoles
Authors: Lardon Aymeric
Published: September 2017

Cet article est une revue de littérature concernant les jeux de coalitions appliqués aux oligopoles. Le cœur est un concept de solution approprié sur cette classe de jeux pour traiter la question de la stabilité des accords collusifs entre les entreprises. L’objectif de cet article est de proposer une typologie des marchés oligopolistiques afin de mettre en perspective les différentes contributions de l’étude du cœur. Tout au long de notre exposé, nous mettrons en évidence les conditions nécessaires ou suffisantes (cadre de concurrence, taille du marché, hétérogénéité des coûts, transfert de technologies, règles de blocage, ...) pour qu’un accord collusif stable existe.
Le déplacement de la question téléologique dans la philosophie phénoménologique de Patočka
Authors: Duicu Dragos
Published: September 2017

L’article analyse les occurrences textuelles (multiples mais éparpillées) de ce qui pourrait apparaître comme un tournant téléologique dans la pensée tardive de Patočka. Nous montrons que les arguments qu’il fournit dans ce cadre, explicitement assumés comme métaphysiques, ne présentent pas le régime phénoménal comme télos du monde de l’individuation anonyme (pré-phénoménal, physique), mais essaient de penser, d’une manière purement formelle, la phénoménalité comme dimension autonome mais inhérente au monde physique, car déjà accueillie de facto par celui-ci.
Détachement, redondance et iconicité dans les comparatives corrélatives adverbiales
Authors: Muller Claude
Published: September 2017

Les corrélatives adverbiales sont présentées comme des structures dissymétriques dont le prédicat est absent, et dont ne subsistent que les arguments formellement identiques. L’ordre est alors iconique, le premier segment étant une sorte de sujet ou de thème, le second l’objet ou le focus. Les segments sont interdépendants, mais pas subordonnés l’un à l’autre au sens grammatical. Dans le détail, le prédicat caché est une relation implicative avec plus … plus , équative dans les autres cas.
Production of mealworms for human consumption in Finland: a preliminary life cycle assessment
Authors: Joensuu K. , Silvenius F.
Published: September 2017

Interest in insect production for human consumption is growing in many European countries, including Finland. One of the main justifications for insect-based food products is their lower environmental burden compared to traditional livestock products; another is the need for new protein sources for animal feed and human consumption. In this study, we investigated the global warming potential (GWP) of the potential future industrial scale mealworm production in Finland, using existing data on input needs of mealworm production in the Netherlands and previous life cycle assessment studies of Finnish feedstocks and energy sources. We compared three scenarios, of which one was based on feeding with a commercial feeding mixture, the second on feeding with food industry by-products and the third on the use of low-emission energy sources in combination with feeding with food industry by-products. In all three scenarios, feed crop production and direct heating energy were responsible for at least 95% of the total GWP. Especially the use of low-emission energy sources appears to have potential in reducing the greenhouse gas emissions of insect production.
Hermetia illucens meal as fish meal replacement for rainbow trout on farm
Authors: Stadtlander T. , Stamer A. , Buser A. , Wohlfahrt J. , Leiber F. , Sandrock C.
Published: September 2017

In a 7-week on-farm feeding trial rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were provided with a diet containing 28% mechanically de-fatted insect meal prepared from larvae of the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (HIM) and compared to a control that received a certified organic and fishmeal based diet. In the test diet insect meal replaced almost 50% of the fishmeal. The whole experiment was conducted under practical conditions on an organically certified rainbow trout farm in Switzerland. Fish of initially 66.5±2.3 g body weight were grown to 125±4.5 g and assessed for their growth performance, as well as analysed for their proximate composition, feed conversion ratio, fatty acid contents and organoleptic properties. Improved lipid utilisation and decreased protein utilisation were observed in fish fed the HIM diet. Furthermore, in a controlled degustation no differences except a slightly darker coloration of fish fed HIM were observed. The experiment demonstrated that substantial replacement of fishmeal by insect meal is possible without compromising growth, feed conversion and product quality. However, the decreased protein utilisation efficiency in HIM fed fish might lower production efficiency when applied over a whole production cycle and not only over 7 weeks.
Thinking About (Completed) Suicide
Authors: Libeu Sam , Dinwiddie Stephen H.
Published: September 2017

Suicide is a major cause of mortality, and research over the last 50 years has identified many factors found to accompany both suicide-associated behaviors and completed suicide. Why then, has accurate assessment and prediction of suicide risk remained such an intractable clinical problem? Part of the answer is that weak predictors and relatively low base rate combine to impair predictive accuracy. Another factor is that, despite many studies, it has proven very difficult to study suicide prospectively, such that proxy endpoints such as suicidal ideation or parasuicidal behaviors must often be relied upon.[Psychiatr Ann. 2017;47(9):460–465.]
Monitoring the physicochemical features of sunflower oil and French fries during repeated microwave frying and deep-fat frying
Authors: Aydınkaptan E. , Barutçu Mazı I.
Published: September 2017

This study investigates the effects of repeated microwave frying at different power levels (360W, 600W, 900W) and deep-fat frying on sunflower oil and French fries. The intermittent batch frying cycle was repeated 15 times a day during five consecutive days. The fatty acid profile and physicochemical properties including free fatty acid (FFA), extinction coefficient (K270), total polar compound (TPC), color, viscosity, refractive index of the sunflower oil were determined each day. At the end of the frying period, the highest values of viscosity (76.29cp) and refractive index (1.4738) were detected in microwave frying at 900W power level. TPC level exceeded 25% after the third day of microwave frying at all power levels. The FFA values during microwave frying increased progressively from 0.157% to 0.320- 0.379% on the fifth day. The loss of polyunsaturated fatty acids was 37-53% more in the case of microwave frying. The oil quality during microwave frying did not have a significant impact on the oil absorption and total color change of the French fries. Microwave frying, even at higher levels, provided lower oil (8.60-12.32%wb) and moisture contents (35.47-41.24%) compared to deep frying. Microwave frying caused longer processing time and significantly higher levels of degradation of the sunflower oil at all power levels compared to deep frying. However, microwave frying has the advantage of reducing oil absorption. The oil content of French fries was lowered by 20-33% (wb) at the highest power level.
Butylated caffeic acid: An efficient novel antioxidant
Authors: Shi G. , Liao X. , Olajide T. M. , Liu J. , Jiang X. , Weng X.
Published: September 2017

A novel antioxidant, butylated caffeic acid (BCA) was rationally designed by adding a tert-butyl group to caffeic acid, which was synthesized at a high yield (36.2%) from 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol by a four-step reaction including Friedel-Crafts alkylation, bromine oxidation, ether bond hydrolysis and Knoevenagel condensation. Its antioxidant capacity was much stronger than common commercial antioxidant tert-butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ) and its mother compound, caffeic acid, in both rancimat and deep frying tests. When investigated via the DPPH method, the antioxidant capacity of BCA was almost equal to TBHQ, but lower than caffeic acid. BCA could be a potentially strong antioxidant, especially for food processing at high temperatures such as deep frying and baking.
Características generales de las revistas científicas peruanas
Authors: Santillán-Aldana Julio , Arakaki Mónica , De la Vega Aurora , Calderón-Carranza Mónica , Pacheco-Mendoza Josmel
Published: September 2017

El texto presenta, por primera vez, un panorama situacional de las revistas científicas peruanas vigentes. A partir de los registros de LATINDEX y luego de un proceso de depuración, se identificaron 138 publicaciones y se caracterizaron sobre la base de cinco variables: procedencia geográfica, organización editora, periodicidad de publicación, formato de distribución y área temática. Se encontró que, en su mayoría, las revistas peruanas son editadas en Lima (66.7%) por una universidad (73.9%), tienen una periodicidad semestral (56.5%), circulan tanto en formato impreso como electrónico (67.4%) y publican principalmente artículos sobre ciencias (agrícolas, de la ingeniería, exactas, naturales y médicas) (35.5%). El estudio señala, además, ciertas situaciones desfavorables y oportunidades de mejora en el sector editorial científico peruano.
Development and evaluation of a wheelchair service provision training of trainers programme
Authors: Munera Sara , Goldberg Mary , Kandavel Krithika , Pearlman Jonathan
Published: September 2017

Background: In many countries, availability of basic training and continued professional development programmes in wheelchair services is limited. Therefore, many health professionals lack access to formal training opportunities and new approaches to improve wheelchair service provision. To address this need, the World Health Organization (WHO) developed the WHO Wheelchair Service Training of Trainers Programme (WSTPt), aiming to increase the number of trainers who are well prepared to deliver the WHO Wheelchair Service Training Packages. Despite these efforts, there was no recognised method to prepare trainers to facilitate these training programmes in a standardised manner.Objectives: To understand if the WSTPt is an effective mechanism to train aspiring wheelchair service provision trainers.Method: An action research study was conducted using a mixed-methods approach to data collection and analysis to integrate feedback from questionnaires and focus groups from three WHO WSTPt pilots.Results: Trainees were satisfied with the WHO WSTPt and the iterative process appears to have helped to improve each subsequent pilot and the final training package.Conclusion: The WHO WSTPt is an effective mechanism to train wheelchair service provision trainers. This programme has potential to increase the number of trainees and may increase the number of qualified service providers.
‘Black Pain is a White Commodity’: Moving beyond postcolonial theory in practical theology: #CaesarMustFall!
Authors: Louw Daniel J.
Published: September 2017

Postcolonialism and decolonising campaigns are expressions of human pain on the level of identity confusion (inferiority), ideological abuse (cultural discrimination) and structural oppression (imperialistic exploitation). The slogan ‘Black Pain is a White Commodity’ in the #MustFall campaigns is critically analysed within the framework of postcolonial theory and imperialistic power categories. The basic hypothesis of the article is that in early Christianity, pantokrator images of God were influenced by iconography stemming mostly from the Roman Emperor cult and Egyptian mythology. The power (omnipotence) and dominiumship of God directly and indirectly played a role in Christian imperialistic thinking regarding the expansion of the Kingdom of God and missio Dei strategies during times of European and colonial expansionism. In order to address the quest for ‘moving beyond’ in postcolonial theory, the impact of pantokrator-images of God on ecclesial thinking is researched. In order to contribute to sustainability and stability within the complexity of cultural diversity and current civil unrest on campuses in South Africa, the paracletic notion of compassionate being-with is developed within the framework of practical theological thinking. Instead of a Caesar-depiction, the theological notion of passio Dei is proposed: the decolonialising (post-imperialising) God.
Rivaroxaban-Induced Hypersensitivity Syndrome
Authors: Chiasson Charles-Olivier , Canneva Arnaud , Roy François-Olivier , Doré Maxime
Published: September 2017

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Implications of Changes to the Mefloquine Product Monograph
Authors: Nevin Remington L
Published: September 2017

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Epidemiology of Spotted Fever Group Rickettsioses and Acute Undifferentiated Febrile Illness in Villeta, Colombia
Authors: Faccini-Martínez Álvaro A. , Ramírez-Hernández Alejandro , Barreto Christian , Forero-Becerra Elkin , Millán Diego , Valbuena Elkin , Sánchez-Alfonso Andrea C. , Imbacuán-Pantoja Wilson O. , Cortés-Vecino Jesús A. , Polo-Terán Luis J. , Yaya-Lancheros Néstor , Jácome Jorge , Palomar Ana M. , Santibáñez Sonia , Portillo Aránzazu , Oteo José A. , Hidalgo Marylin
Published: September 2017

Etiology of acute undifferentiated febrile syndrome (AUFS) is often unknown, leading to inaccurate diagnosis and treatment. Villeta town has been identified as an endemic area for spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsioses but little is known about possible amplifier hosts and other Rickettsia species different from Rickettsia rickettsii. Besides, few studies have approached other AUFS etiologies in the region. We investigated the role of dengue, leptospirosis, rickettsioses, human anaplasmosis, and Q fever as possible causes of AUFS in patients from Villeta. Sera specimens and ticks from animals as well as ticks from vegetation were studied for the presence of different Rickettsia spp. Among 104 sera from patients with AUFS, 16.4%, 24.0%, and 2.9% patients seroconverted to dengue, Leptospira, and SFG Rickettsia, respectively, with a case of probable coinfection or cross-reaction with Anaplasma phagocytophilum. None of the samples were reactive for Coxiella burnetii. Sera samples from 74 horses, 118 dogs, and 62 bovines were collected and showed 33.8%, 14.4%, and 50.0% of seroprevalence for SFG Rickettsia, respectively. A total of 1,287 ixodid ticks were collected from animals/vegetation and processed in pools for polymerase chain reaction. Among them, 1.7% was positive for Rickettsia genes, and Rickettsia amblyommii, R. rickettsii, and Rickettsia spp. were found. These results confirm the circulation of dengue, different SFG Rickettsia species and the relevance of other etiologies like leptospirosis and human anaplasmosis. Further studies must identify different epidemiological variables to establish proper surveillance and control programs.
Side Benefits of Mass Drug Administration for Lymphatic Filariasis on Strongyloides stercoralis Prevalence on Pemba Island, Tanzania
Authors: Barda Beatrice , Albonico Marco , Buonfrate Dora , Ame Shaali M. , Ali Said , Speich Benjamin , Keiser Jennifer
Published: September 2017

Strongyloides stercoralis, although endemic in many countries, is not included in helminth control programs. Few data are available on the prevalence and morbidity linked to this infection. We compared data from two studies conducted in 1998 and 2013 on Pemba Island, Tanzania, involving 525 and 509 schoolchildren, respectively. In 1998, the diagnostic method used was Harada Mori, whereas in 2013 diagnosis was made by both Koga agar plate and Baermann methods. The prevalence registered was 41% in 1998 and 7% in 2013. This data suggest that the prevalence of S. stercoralis on Pemba was significantly reduced 7 years after the last ivermectin administration for preventive chemotherapy and underlines the importance and impact of large-scale preventive chemotherapy, which often goes beyond its actual target. Preventive chemotherapy with ivermectin should be recommended in areas where S. stercoralis is endemic.
Individual and combined effects of CAPN1, CAST, LEP and GHR gene polymorphisms on carcass characteristics and meat quality in Holstein bulls
Authors: Ardicli Sena , Samli Hale , Dincel Deniz , Soyudal Bahadir , Balci Faruk
Published: September 2017

Abstract. The objective of this study was to determine the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with carcass characteristics and meat quality traits in selected candidate genes in Holstein bulls. Five SNPs in four genes, i.e. calpain 1 (CAPN1), calpastatin (CAST), leptin (LEP) and growth hormone receptor (GHR), were genotyped in 400 purebred bulls using PCR-RFLP. Statistically significant associations were as follows: CAPN1 G316A with live weight, carcass weight, back fat thickness, m. longissimus thoracis et lumborum area and carcass measurements; CAPN1 V530I with pH and L∗; CAST S20T with live weight, inner chest depth and b∗ value; and GHR with ph, a∗ and h∗. In addition, significant genotypic interactions were observed for dressing percentage (LEP A80V  ×  CAST S20T), pH (CAPN1 V530I  ×  GHR S555G and LEP A80V  ×  GHR S555G) and rump width (CAPN1 V530I  ×  CAST S20T). There was no association between the LEP A80V marker and any of the traits evaluated, nor was there any association of the tested SNPs with chest width, C∗ and marbling score. The present results could therefore be indicative for future studies on meat yield and quality.
A quantitative analysis of the reactions involved in stratospheric ozone depletion in the polar vortex core
Authors: Wohltmann Ingo , Lehmann Ralph , Rex Markus
Published: September 2017

Abstract. We present a quantitative analysis of the chemical reactions involved in polar ozone depletion in the stratosphere and of the relevant reaction pathways and cycles. While the reactions involved in polar ozone depletion are well known, quantitative estimates of the importance of individual reactions or reaction cycles are rare. In particular, there is no comprehensive and quantitative study of the reaction rates and cycles averaged over the polar vortex under conditions of heterogeneous chemistry so far. We show time series of reaction rates averaged over the core of the polar vortex in winter and spring for all relevant reactions and indicate which reaction pathways and cycles are responsible for the vortex-averaged net change of the key species involved in ozone depletion, i.e., ozone, chlorine species (ClOx, HCl, ClONO2), bromine species, nitrogen species (HNO3, NOx) and hydrogen species (HOx). For clarity, we focus on one Arctic winter (2004–2005) and one Antarctic winter (2006) in a layer in the lower stratosphere around 54 hPa and show results for additional pressure levels and winters in the Supplement. Mixing ratios and reaction rates are obtained from runs of the ATLAS Lagrangian chemistry and transport model (CTM) driven by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ERA-Interim reanalysis data. An emphasis is put on the partitioning of the relevant chemical families (nitrogen, hydrogen, chlorine, bromine and odd oxygen) and activation and deactivation of chlorine.
Decoupling peroxyacetyl nitrate from ozone in Chinese outflows observed at Gosan Climate Observatory
Authors: Han Jihyun , Lee Meehye , Shang Xiaona , Lee Gangwoong , Emmons Louisa K.
Published: September 2017

Abstract. We measured peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) and other reactive species such as O3, NO2, CO, and SO2 with aerosols including mass, organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC) in PM2. 5 and K+ in PM1. 0 at Gosan Climate Observatory in Korea (33.17° N, 126.10° E) during 19 October–6 November 2010. PAN was determined through fast gas chromatography with luminol chemiluminescence detection at 425 nm every 2 min. The PAN mixing ratios ranged from 0.1 (detection limit) to 2.4 ppbv with a mean of 0.6 ppbv. For all measurements, PAN was unusually better correlated with PM2. 5 (Pearson correlation coefficient, γ =  0.79) than with O3 (γ =  0.67). In particular, the O3 level was highly elevated with SO2 at midnight, along with a typical midday peak when air was transported rapidly from the Beijing areas. The PAN enhancement was most noticeable during the occurrence of haze under stagnant conditions. In Chinese outflows slowly transported over the Yellow Sea, PAN gradually increased up to 2.4 ppbv at night, in excellent correlation with a concentration increase in PM2. 5 OC and EC, PM2. 5 mass, and PM1. 0 K+. The high K+ concentration and OC ∕ EC ratio indicated that the air mass was impacted by biomass combustion. This study highlights PAN decoupling with O3 in Chinese outflows and suggests PAN as a useful indicator for diagnosing continental outflows and assessing their perturbation of regional air quality in northeast Asia.
Distinct phases of eustatic and tectonic forcing for late Quaternary landscape evolution in southwest Crete, Greece
Authors: Mouslopoulou Vasiliki , Begg John , Fülling Alexander , Moraetis Daniel , Partsinevelos Panagiotis , Oncken Onno
Published: September 2017

Abstract. The extent to which climate, eustasy and tectonics interact to shape the late Quaternary landscape is poorly known. Alluvial fans often provide useful indexes that allow the decoding of information recorded on complex coastal landscapes, such as those of the eastern Mediterranean. In this paper we analyse and date (using infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) dating) a double alluvial fan system on southwest Crete, an island straddling the forearc of the Hellenic subduction margin, in order to constrain the timing and magnitude of its vertical deformation and discuss the factors contributing to its landscape evolution. The studied alluvial system is exceptional because each of its two juxtaposed fans records individual phases of alluvial and marine incision, thus providing unprecedented resolution in the formation and evolution of its landscape. Specifically, our analysis shows that the fan sequence at Domata developed during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3 due to five distinct stages of marine transgressions and regressions and associated river incision, in response to sea-level fluctuations and tectonic uplift at averaged rates of  ∼ 2.2 mm yr−1. Interestingly, comparison of our results with published tectonic uplift rates from western Crete shows that uplift during 20–50 kyr BP was minimal (or even negative). Thus, most of the uplift recorded at Domata must have occurred in the last 20 kyr. This implies that eustasy and tectonism impacted the landscape at Domata over mainly distinct time intervals (e.g. sequentially and not synchronously), with eustasy forming and tectonism preserving the coastal landforms.
Monitoring and modeling infiltration–recharge dynamics of managed aquifer recharge with desalinated seawater
Authors: Ganot Yonatan , Holtzman Ran , Weisbrod Noam , Nitzan Ido , Katz Yoram , Kurtzman Daniel
Published: September 2017

Abstract. We study the relation between surface infiltration and groundwater recharge during managed aquifer recharge (MAR) with desalinated seawater in an infiltration pond, at the Menashe site that overlies the northern part of the Israeli Coastal Aquifer. We monitor infiltration dynamics at multiple scales (up to the scale of the entire pond) by measuring the ponding depth, sediment water content and groundwater levels, using pressure sensors, single-ring infiltrometers, soil sensors, and observation wells. During a month (January 2015) of continuous intensive MAR (2.45  ×  106 m3 discharged to a 10.7 ha area), groundwater level has risen by 17 m attaining full connection with the pond, while average infiltration rates declined by almost 2 orders of magnitude (from  ∼  11 to  ∼  0.4 m d−1). This reduction can be explained solely by the lithology of the unsaturated zone that includes relatively low-permeability sediments. Clogging processes at the pond-surface – abundant in many MAR operations – are negated by the high-quality desalinated seawater (turbidity  ∼  0.2 NTU, total dissolved solids  ∼  120 mg L−1) or negligible compared to the low-permeability layers. Recharge during infiltration was estimated reasonably well by simple analytical models, whereas a numerical model was used for estimating groundwater recharge after the end of infiltration. It was found that a calibrated numerical model with a one-dimensional representative sediment profile is able to capture MAR dynamics, including temporal reduction of infiltration rates, drainage and groundwater recharge. Measured infiltration rates of an independent MAR event (January 2016) fitted well to those calculated by the calibrated numerical model, showing the model validity. The successful quantification methodologies of the temporal groundwater recharge are useful for MAR practitioners and can serve as an input for groundwater flow models.
Exceptional retreat of Novaya Zemlya's marine-terminating outlet glaciers between 2000 and 2013
Authors: Carr J. Rachel , Bell Heather , Killick Rebecca , Holt Tom
Published: September 2017

Abstract. Novaya Zemlya (NVZ) has experienced rapid ice loss and accelerated marine-terminating glacier retreat during the past 2 decades. However, it is unknown whether this retreat is exceptional longer term and/or whether it has persisted since 2010. Investigating this is vital, as dynamic thinning may contribute substantially to ice loss from NVZ, but is not currently included in sea level rise predictions. Here, we use remotely sensed data to assess controls on NVZ glacier retreat between 1973/76 and 2015. Glaciers that terminate into lakes or the ocean receded 3.5 times faster than those that terminate on land. Between 2000 and 2013, retreat rates were significantly higher on marine-terminating outlet glaciers than during the previous 27 years, and we observe widespread slowdown in retreat, and even advance, between 2013 and 2015. There were some common patterns in the timing of glacier retreat, but the magnitude varied between individual glaciers. Rapid retreat between 2000 and 2013 corresponds to a period of significantly warmer air temperatures and reduced sea ice concentrations, and to changes in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO). We need to assess the impact of this accelerated retreat on dynamic ice losses from NVZ to accurately quantify its future sea level rise contribution.