bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
New Zealand is actively improving school acoustics with government-led initiatives
Authors: Whitlock James
Published: March 2023

New Zealand's Ministry of Education is taking active steps to ensure that the country's 35,000+ classrooms are fit for purpose. Acoustics is a primary factor in central government's School Property Strategy 2030, which has informed three major initiatives to establish and implement
sensible acoustic regulations. All three initiatives are underway. First is the Designing Quality Learning Spaces (DQLS) - Acoustics document, launched in December 2020. It sets out mandatory requirements for reverberation time (RT), background noise and sound insulation in new and refurbished
learning spaces. Second is the Ngā Iti Kahurangi 'small and remote schools' programme. We are measuring RTs in 630 schools, assessing compliance with DQLS and adding absorption where necessary. The plan is to scale this programme up to include many more schools across the country. Third
is the Internal Environmental Monitoring (IEM) programme. Sound levels (and other environmental factors like temperature, humidity and CO2) are continuously measured in a range of schools, and reviewed to inform improvements. These initiatives aim to provide quality learning environments
for New Zealand children, and this paper sets out how they have been designed and implemented. Similar initiatives could be adopted by other countries to improve acoustic quality in their classrooms.
Amplitude death and growth in a pair of nonidentical thermoacoustic oscillators interacting via time-delay and dissipative coupling
Authors: Doranehgard Mohammad Hossein , Gupta Vikrant , Li Larry K. B.
Published: March 2023

We numerically explore the effect of asymmetric limit-cycle amplitudes on the quenching and growth of self-excited thermoacoustic oscillations in two nonidentical Rijke tubes interacting via time-delay and dissipative coupling. When either type of coupling is applied separately, we
find that increasing the asymmetry of the (uncoupled) limit-cycle amplitudes can shrink the regions of amplitude death (AD) in both oscillators, while producing a new region in which one of the oscillators becomes amplified, a state we refer to here as amplitude growth (AG). We find that the
AG region resembles a 1:1 Arnold tongue when only dissipative coupling is applied, but that it splits into two discrete branches when only time-delay coupling is applied. When both types of coupling are applied simultaneously, we find that the AD and AG regions change in ways that depend sensitively
on the detuning between the two oscillators. The findings of this study could be used to gain a better understanding of the can-to-can acoustic interactions in modern gas turbines, facilitating the development of both passive and active strategies to control thermoacoustic instability.
Re-examining the perceived affective quality attributed to soundscapes
Authors: Nagahata Koji
Published: March 2023

According to ISO/TS 12913-3, the eight perceived affective quality scales proposed in ISO/TS 12813-2 originated from the achievement of the environmental psychologists, especially Russell and his colleagues. However, as the author partly pointed out in the last inter-noise, the way
of application of the Russell's results, on the scales is inaccurate, and this can cause adverse effects on the interpretation of the results. This study re-examines the eight perceived affective quality scales using the results of soundwalks directed by the author, and points out the problematical
points of the scales in detail.
First ideas for a revision of ISO 9614
Authors: Wittstock Volker , Brezas Spyros , Heisterkamp Fabian
Published: March 2023

ISO 9614 describes the determination of sound power levels by the two microphone intensity technique. Despite some physical advantages the method is relatively seldom used. To improve this situation, theoretical and experimental investigations were performed, which focused mainly on
the adequacy of the currently standardized indicators and criteria. This paper summarizes these results and develops first ideas for a revision of ISO 9614. One main proposal is to perform measurements generally in the one-third octave bands between 50 Hz and 10 kHz with a 12 mm spacer and
to apply appropriate corrections in the highest three one-third octave bands. Furthermore, it is proposed to require additional measurements with a larger spacer at lower frequencies, if the dynamic capability of the instrument is insufficient. The A-weighted sound power level is calculated
from the one-third octave band levels, which may have different grades of accuracy. Calculating different A-weighted sound power levels from different sets of frequency bands fulfilling criteria for different grades of accuracy then allows for designating a grade of accuracy to the A-weighted
sound power level. This is considered to be a major improvement since the A-weighted sound power level is the main descriptor for the sound emission of sources.
Characterization and Identification of Thermoacoustic behaviour of flames anchored on burner decks with multiple perforation; Transfer Function (de)composition approach
Authors: F. Ganji Hamed , Kornilov Viktor , de Goey Philip , Lopez Arteaga Ines , van Oijen Jeroen
Published: March 2023

The appearance of thermoacoustic instability in combustion systems depends on thermoacoustic property (e.g., Transfer Function (TF)) of used burner/flame. Therefore, an attractive approach to cope with the instability is the purposeful design of the burner thermo-acoustics. One of the
ideas of how the flame TF can be altered/designed is based on the heuristic idea that the acoustic response of one flame can be counteracted by the appropriately phased response of another flame. For the particular case of premixed, burner deck anchored conical flames, the TF depends on the
diameter of perforation. It suggests the concept of combining different size and shape of perforations in one burner deck. In the present work, the acoustic response of sintered ceramic fibre burners with mixed perforation is investigated using the TF (de)-composition principle. By this approach,
the cumulative flame TF can be represented as a weighted sum of elemental TF's of the groups of flames on the basis of the additive nature of the individual flame heat release rate. The capability of this principal to offer a designing framework for optimization of burner deck patterns aiming
desirable acoustic characteristics will be tested by a course of measurements. Possible simplifications and extensions of the TF (de)composition principle will be discussed.
Precision of room acoustic modelling in open-plan offices
Authors: Keränen Jukka , Saarinen Pekka , Hongisto Valtteri
Published: March 2023

Room acoustic models are often used to predict parameters that describe acoustic conditions in various spaces, also in open-plan offices. An open-plan office of 81 m² was experimentally studied using 22 different room acoustic conditions. The conditions were built using typical
absorption materials, office screens, and furniture. The acoustic conditions were measured according to ISO 3382-3. The measurements were modelled using two methods: A. room acoustic simulation software based on ray-tracing, and B. a simple empirical model. The precision was assessed by the
difference of predicted and measured single-number values (SNVs) of ISO 3382-3. For method A, the modelled and measured SNVs were very similar in conditions with low sound absorption and low screen height. The agreement was worse in conditions with high sound absorption on the ceiling and
walls, and over 1.6-m-high sound-absorbing screens. For method B, the agreement of SNVs was on the same level in most of the conditions. Consequently, SNVs with method B were more precise than with method A in conditions with high screens and high sound absorption, but less precise in conditions
with low sound absorption and lower screens.
A reduced-order cutFEM approach to model complex moving sound sources
Authors: van Ophem Sjoerd , Desmet Wim
Published: March 2023

While traditional finite element based vibro-acoustic analysis of structures is done on stationary structures, in many occasions the structure under investigation is actually moving. To perform accurate finite element analysis on the vibro-acoustic performance of such structures requires
the evaluation of a time-varying system, leading to several challenges. Of paramount importance are a strategy to update the mesh to the new configuration and an adequate time integration scheme that does not introduce large numerical artifacts. Additionally, the time-varying nature leads
to an increase in computational complexity. In this paper a modeling strategy based on cut finite elements (cutFEM) is introduced that aims to tackle these challenges. The cutFEM approach can be seen as a fictitious domain approach in which the source is moving over a static mesh, cutting
through elements where the actual source is located, using a level set description. The key advantage of this approach is that no remeshing and/or mesh morphing is required. It is shown how both implicit and explicit time integration schemes can be used to propagate the solution while the
source is moving. Additionally, several model order reduction strategies are compared to speed up the online evaluation of the reduced order model.
Psychoacoustic Analysis of Various Train Pass-by Noise Using
Authors: Chung Youngbeen
Published: March 2023

Due to the recent high speed of railway, noise and vibration generated during operation has emerged as a major social problem. Specially, the internal noise of railway varies depending on various operating conditions such as speed, vehicle crossings, and tunnel entry, and has a great
effect on the riding comfort of passengers. In this study, an evaluation method for binaural noise of train pass-by noise and a simple wave field model which can reflect the Doppler effect are examined. To reflect the binaural characteristics of train pass-by noise, binaural measurements were
conducted for several types of train, different measurement distances and various measurement angles. The annoyances of measured binaural noises were analyzed using conventional sound pressure level, psychoacoustic metrics, and their rate of change. Also, the noise emitted from high-speed
railways was measured and characterized. By its analysis result, moving sounds were synthesized considering an initial frequency and a frequency shift. The synthesized sounds were convolved to reflect binaural condition. Auditory experiments were conducted using the synthesized moving sound
stimuli, and the effects of the Doppler frequency shift on annoyance of moving sound sources were obtained.
A 2D low-order thermoacoustic network model of annular combustor with baffles in the plenum
Authors: Ji Liang , Fang Yuanqi , Li Jingxuan , Wang Gaofeng , Yang Lijun
Published: March 2023

Experimental results showed that configuring different baffles (a regular flat, a single- or double-layer perforated plate and a Helmholtz resonator) in the plenum can well suppress the self-excited oscillation in annular combustor. In this paper, a 2D low-order network model is proposed
to describe this phenomenon and predict the modal frequencies and growth rates of longitudinal and circumferential thermoacoustic modes for annular combustor with different baffles. In the plenum, only the circumferential acoustic propagation and the influence of baffles on it are accounted
for as the longitudinal geometry size is much smaller than the acoustic wavelength of the longitudinal mode. Pure longitudinal acoustic propagation is considered in burners and both longitudinal and circumferential ones are accounted for in the combustion chamber. These three modules are connected
by jump conditions. The numerical prediction matches the experimental results. Baffles using Helmholtz resonators feature the best damping performance. The circumferential mode is converted to two unfolded non-degenerate modes when configuring perforated plates baffles. Best damping effect
for the configuration of the baffles in the plenum can be achieved based on the proposed model.
Psychophysiological responses to traffic noises in urban green spaces
Authors: Yu Boya , Chai Yuying
Published: March 2023

The present study aims to explore the psychophysiological impact of different traffic sounds in urban green spaces. In the experiment, 30 subjects were recruited and exposed to different traffic sounds in the virtual reality (VR) scene. The road traffic sound and three railway sounds
(con-ventional train, high-speed train, and tram) with three sound levels (45, 55, and 65 dB) were used as the acoustic stimuli. Physiological responses, electrodermal activity (EDA) and heart rate (HR) were monitored throughout the experiment. Psychological evaluations under each acoustic
stimuli were also measured using scales within the VR system. The results showed that both the psychological and the physiological responses were significantly affected by the traffic sounds. As for psychological responses, considerable adverse effects of traffic sounds were observed, which
constantly increased with the increase of the sound level. The peak sound level was found to have a better performance than the equivalent sound level in the assessment of the psycho-logical impact of traffic sounds. As for the physiological responses, significant effects of both the acoustic
factors (sound type and sound level) and the non-acoustic factors (gender and exposure time) were observed. The physiological effect of high-speed train noise was significantly differ-ent from those of the other three traffic noises. The relationship between sound level and physi-ological
parameters varied among different sound groups. The variation of sound level could hardly affect the participants' HR and EDA when exposed to the road traffic noise. On the con-trary, the physiological responses were significantly affected by the sound level of rail traffic noise. By a correlation
analysis, no linear correlation between the psychological evaluations and HR was found.
Environmental noise and densification of cities - a paradox?
Authors: Verstappen Ivonne , Espeland Kjersti
Published: March 2023

Densification of cities is used because of numerous benefits and fits well with sustainable development. Densification can however lead to disadvantages, especially related to environmental noise. In this paper, we ask: is it possible to restrict disadvantages by balancing out these
with benefits? Access to quiet areas in cities plays an important part here, due to benefits related to well-being and health for inhabitants. We will give an overview of Norwegian guidelines on environmental noise and how these are implemented. We look at the situation from the Norwegian
Public Roads Administration's viewpoint and include the experiences from a consultant company. We present projects situated in Norway, a large country with a relatively low population density compared to most other European countries. However, access to quiet areas isn't optimal in the largest
cities, which leads to problems related to environmental noise and densification. Our experience is that it's crucial to include noise assessment in the early stages of planning. Together we need to find a balance, where new roads and new dwelling areas can be realised without more negative
than positive aspects. The final goal must be, that there is no paradox!
Duration dependence of night-time noise effect for passively cooled residential bedrooms.
Authors: Chilton Anthony , Leonard Peter
Published: March 2023

The Acoustics, Ventilation, Overheating: Residential Design Guide ("The AVO Guide") was launched by the Association of Noise Consultants and Institute of Acoustics in January 2020. It provides a methodology for assessing the adverse effect due to break-in of external transport
noise through façade openings provided for the purpose of mitigating overheating (i.e. passive cooling). Figure 3-2 of the AVO Guide indicates qualitatively how the SOAEL (Significant Observed Adverse Effect Level) is expected to vary with the duration for which the 'overheating condition'
occurs. However, no quantitative guidance regarding the dependence on duration is given. This study describes how the methodology used in the WHO Night Noise Guidance for Europe 2009 to evaluate outside-to-inside level difference can be extended to provide a quantitative definition of the
SOAEL for transport noise affecting passively cooled residential bedrooms at night. A quantitative version of the AVO Guide Figure 3-2 is derived and presented. Comparison is made with the duration/frequency independent values suggested in the recently published Approved Document Part O ("ADO").
Commentary is also provided regarding the urgent need for better availability of relevant information on the frequency of occurrence of window openings for residential buildings in use.
Bringing the Tranquillity Rating Prediction Tool (TRAPT) Indoors - A Case Study at The Warren, Hull
Authors: Tatten JJ , Oatley James , Swale Mark
Published: March 2023

Tranquil environments are considered quiet, peaceful places where people can get away from everyday life, and for many years the University of Bradford's Tranquillity Rating Prediction Tool (TRAPT) has been used to successfully predict the perceived tranquillity of outdoor spaces as
a function of their auditory and visual modalities. The Warren, Hull, established 1983, is a citywide free project for marginalised and vulnerable young people aged 14-25 that helps to encourage and support them to take control of their lives and futures by engaging them in all of the decision-making
that has impact upon the strategic and day to day running of project. Staff at The Warren have noticed that the young people often gather around a large public fountain to socialise and relax; the same fountain is due to undergo major work in 2022 and will be sectioned off from the general
public for months. This paper addresses the challenges associated with bringing tranquillity indoors via considered and experimental application of the TRAPT tool to indoor spaces, and via empowerment of the young people to introduce tranquil auditory and visual changes to multiple spaces
in The Warren.
O envelhecimento celular e o câncer de próstata
Authors: Reis Gladston de Oliveira
Published: March 2023

O objetivo geral foi discutir sobre o envelhecimento celular e o câncer de próstata. As células tumorais também têm telômeros curtos. Alguns anos atrás, os pesquisadores encontraram diferenças marcantes no comprimento dos telômeros entre humanos e animais mais evoluídos, como grandes mamíferos. Doenças mais degenerativas, como cardiovasculares, diabetes e neuropatias, têm o custo de menor evolução tumoral. A Pesquisa é toda voltada para a solução de problemas; como a atividade de busca, indagação, investigação, inquirição da realidade, é a atividade que vai nos permitir, no âmbito da ciência, elaborar um conhecimento, ou um conjunto de conhecimentos, que nos auxilie na compreensão desta realidade e oriente em nossas ações. Estudos apresentados nesta revisão, sugerem que o encurtamento dos telômeros está associado a um risco aumentado de desenvolvimento de câncer de próstata, indicando que a medida da extensão dos telômeros pode ser utilizada como um marcador potencial para o risco de desenvolvimento desta doença.
Sistem Rekomendasi Pemilihan Tanah Kavling Menggunakan Metode Fuzzy-Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Vitianingsih Anik Vega , Renaldi Dwi Kasiadi  , Anastasya Lidya Maukar  , Fitri Anindo Saka , Aziiza Arizia Aulia
Published: March 2023

Meningkatnya permintaan jual beli tanah kavling menjadi tantangan bagi pelanggan untuk membuat keputusan yang sesuai dengan preferensi dan kendala keuangan mereka. Selain itu, konsumen seringkali tidak memiliki cukup waktu untuk menyelidiki plot yang mereka minati sebelum mengambil keputusan pembelian. Penelitian ini akan memberikan sistem rekomendasi berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut. Penerapan metode AHP yang dipadukan dengan metode fuzzy atau yang lebih dikenal dengan Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) digunakan untuk memberikan pilihan alternatif pada tanah kavling yang berbeda. Metode FAHP dipilih untuk menutupi kelemahan pada AHP terkait dengan permasalahan kriteria yang lebih bersifat subyektif. Parameter yang digunakan berdasarkan persil tanah meliputi harga, jenis, kondisi, fasilitas dan legalitas. Hasil pengujian metode FAHP dilakukan sebanyak 15 kali dengan berbagai kriteria penentuan bobot agar bekerja dengan baik dengan nilai akurasi 93%, presisi 100%, recall 93%, dan F1-score 96%. Berdasarkan hasil temuan, prosedur dan algoritma yang diterapkan mampu menghasilkan rekomendasi yang paling berguna untuk kemungkinan menghasilkan alternatif terbaik bagi konsumen dalam memilih alternatif tanah kavling terbaik
Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Memengaruhi Konsumen Indonesia Membeli Produk Pakaian Pada Aplikasi E-commerce Indonesia Menggunakan Model UTAUT-2
Authors: Khosasih Mikhael Ming
Published: March 2023

Penjualan produk fesyen pada e-commerce di Indonesia mengalami perkembangan pesat saat ini. Salah satu model yang banyak digunakan untuk penerimaan masyarakat adalah model Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi masyarakat Indonesia ketika membeli produk fesyen pada e-commerce dengan menggunakan analisis model UTAUT-2. Penelitian ini mampu untuk membantu penjual produk fesyen untuk lebih memahami konsumen e-commerce di Indonesia. Penelitian kuantitatif yang menyebarkan kuesioner melalui daring dan mendapatkan 302 responden. Structural Equation Model-Partial Least Square digunakan dalam penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan hasil hipotesis. Uji yang dilakukan menggunakan 2 tahap yaitu measurement model dan structural model. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa harapan kinerja, pengaruh sosial, harga, dan kebiasaan memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan dan positif terhadap keputusan pembelian seseorang. Sedangkan harapan usaha, kondisi fasilitas, dan motivasi hedon tidak memiki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap keputusan pembelian produk fesyen pada aplikasi e-commerce. Kebiasaan menjadi bagian yang paling penting dalam memengaruhi konsumen Indonesia untuk membeli produk fesyen pada aplikasi e-commerce di Indonesia. Pengaruh sosial merupakan faktor kedua yang memengaruhi keputusan pembelian diikuti dengan harga dan harapan kinerja.
On the Use of Gray Codes for Solving 0-1 Combinatorial Problems of Optimization in Environmental and Economic Systems
Authors: Trofymchuk Oleksandr , Vasyanin Volodymyr , Sokolov Volodymyr , Chikrii Arkadii , Ushakova Liudmyla
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The application of binary-reflected (mirror, reflexive) Gray codes for solving combinatorial problems with pseudo-Boolean functions (polynomials from Boolean variables) is considered. A recursive Ehrlich algorithm is given for generating a sequence of lines n-bit Gray codes, in which each subsequent line differs from the previous one by only one digit (bit). As an example of the effectiveness of the use of these codes, the solution of two combinatorial problems with Boolean variables with a complete enumeration of solutions is considered, and it is shown how these codes can be used to efficiently calculate the values of the objective function and constraints. The results of an experimental study are presented, which show that Gray codes can be practically applied in branching schemes, for example, in the branch and bound method, when the number of variables in the branching nodes of the decision algorithm does not exceed 35.
Purpose. The purpose of the article is to show the developers of algorithms and programs how to apply Gray codes in various branching schemes of the decision algorithm, for example, in the branch and bound method, when the number of binary (Boolean) variables at the nodes of the tree is small (less than 35).
The technique. The research methodology is based on a computational experiment for solving the 0-1 knapsack problem with the proposed algorithm of exhaustive search the solution with partial and full recalculation of the values of objective function and constraint of the problem. During the experiment, the accuracy of solving the problem by a “greedy” heuristic algorithm with time complexity O(n2) was also checked.
Results. As a result of the experiment, it was found that the algorithm with a partial recalculation of the objective function and restrictions can be used for practical calculations in branching schemes, when the number of variables in the nodes of the branching tree does not exceed 35. The algorithm with partial recalculation is faster than the algorithm with full recalculation on average by 7 times. The heuristic "greedy" algorithm can be applied in practice to solve the 0-1 problem of a knapsack of large dimension (more than 10,000 items), when need to obtain an approximate value of the objective function at the limited computing resources.
Scientific novelty and practical significance. The novelty of the work lies in the proposed approach to solving combinatorial optimization problems with pseudo-Boolean functions using Gray codes. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm with a partial recalculation of the values of the objective function and constraints is shown, and its can be applied in practice in various branching schemes of the decision algorithm. Keywords: Gray codes, combinatorial optimization problems, problem solving time.
Mathematical Model and Solution Algorithm for Virtual Localization Problem
Authors: Plankovskyy Sergiy , Tsegelnyk Yevgen , Pankratov Oleksandr , Romanova Tetyana , Maximov Serhiy , Kombarov Volodymyr
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The optimization placement problem refereed to virtual localization is studied. This problem is motivated by the need to optimize the production of parts from near-net shape blanks using CNC machines. The known algorithms for solving the virtual localization problem come down to determining the location parameters of the part CAD model inside the point cloud obtained by scanning the workpiece surface. The main disadvantage of such algorithms is the use of criteria that are insensitive to the intersection of the surfaces of the part and the workpiece. In order to prevent such errors in production conditions, it is necessary to involve a human operator in conducting operations based on virtual localization. In this way, the virtual localization problem of complex shape objects is of paramount importance.
The purpose of the paper is to propose a new approach for solving the virtual localization problem.
Results. A new mathematical model of the virtual localization problem based on the phi-function technique is proposed. We developed a solution strategy that combines algorithm of generating feasible starting points with non-linear optimization procedure. The testing of the proposed approach was carried out for a two-dimensional case. The computational results illustrated with graphical illustrations are provided that show the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
Conclusions. The obtained results show that the use of the phi-functions technique prevents the occurrence of erroneous solutions with the intersection of the workpiece surfaces. An algorithm for solving the problem of virtual localization in a two-dimensional formulation for the case when the part and the workpiece are convex polygons has been developed. For the considered test problems, the solution time did not exceed 2.5 sec, which fully meets the requirements of industrial use. In the future, it is planned to extend the proposed method to the cases when the CAD model of the part has an arbitrary shape and is formed by Boolean operations on geometric primitives. Keywords: polygonal domain, phi-function technique, virtual localization, CNC machining.
Using the NEOS Server for Solving Two Classes of Optimization Problems
Authors: Bila Halyna , Korchynskyy Oleksandr , Stetsyuk Petro , Khomiak Olha , Shekhovtsov Serhiy
Published: March 2023

NEOS server provides free access to the library of necessary software for solving optimization problems. The effective numerical methods developed can be used for a specific application or for solving a wide range of mathematical programming problems.
The article is devoted to researching the possibilities of solving optimization problems using NEOS server on the example of two mathematical programming problems: a linear Boolean programming problem for the well-known m-traveler problem and nonlinear programming problem for a special multiextremal problem on the Stiefel’s manifold.
The material of the work is presented in 4 sections. Chapter 1 describes general information about using NEOS server for solving optimization problems and focuses on AMPL mathematical programming language as its component. Comparison of the frequency of use of AMPL, GAMS and other input data formats available on the server was conducted.
The second section describes the principle of solving optimization problems using NEOS and provides a list of AMPL-supporting solvers available on the server. Statistics of use frequency of the solvers CPLEX, Gurobi and BARON in comparison with other solvers available on the server, as well as general statistics of the number of solved problems on the server in 2021 are given.
Chapter 3 describes linear Boolean programming problems for the m-travelers problem, which is equivalent to the well-known traveling salesman problem. Performance indicators for solving these problems using CPLEX and Gurobi solvers are given.
In Chapter 4 a study of nonlinear programming problem for a special multiextremal problem on the Stiefel’s manifold is conducted. General formulation of the problem and the formulation of its partial cases depending on the constraints imposed on vector components are given. The efficiency of solving test cases using BARON solver was investigated depending on the number of vectors and their dimensions. Keywords: optimization, NEOS server, AMPL, NEOS solvers, travelling salesman problem, Stiefel’s manifold.
Discretization and Stability Analysis for a Generalized Type Nonlinear Pharmacokinetic Models
Authors: KOCABIYIK Mehmet , YAKIT ONGUN Mevlüde
Published: March 2023

Estimating the effects of drugs at different stages is directly proportional to the duration of recovery and the duration of pulling through with the disease. It is very important to estimate the effects of drugs at different stages. For this reason, solving Pharmacokinetic models which investigate these effects are very important. In this study, numerical solutions of one, two, and three-compartment nonlinear Pharmacokinetic models have been studied. Distributed order differential equations have been used for the solution. Numerical solutions have been found with the density function contained in distributed order differential equations and different values of this function. A nonstandard finite difference scheme has been used for numerical solutions. Finally, stability analyses of equilibrium points of the obtained discretized system have also been researched with the help of the Matignon criterion.
Mugako hiztun eta aldaerak ipar-mendebaleko Zuberoan
Authors: Camino Lertxundi Iñaki
Published: March 2023

Artikulu honetan muga dialektalaren inguruko hiztunen jokabide lektal berezia aztertu da; honelako eskualdeetan, lekukoen hizkuntza-aldaeretan bikoiztasun nabarmenak sumatzen dira. Ikertu dugun eskualdea aski ezezaguna izan da orain artean: Donapaleutik Maulerat doan zolan kokaturik dauden herrixkak eta Amikuzetik Zuberoara doan mendialdeko bidean daudenak aztertu dira; ageri denez, Amikuzeko euskaratik Xiberukora dagoen aldea herriz herri emeki gauzatuz doa, ez da bortizki gertatzen, baina horrek ez du esan nahi muga dialektalik ageri ez denik: Sarrikotapea eta Oihergi dakuskigu zuberera dialektoaren sarbidetzat eta Ündüreine eta Ainharbe osoki dira xiberutarrak mintzoan. Arüe Amikuzeri so dago, baina ezaugarri zuberotar anitz baliatzen dute horko hiztunek; Lohitzüne Amikuzeri begira mintzo da biziki. Pagola da egun bederen jokaerarik bikoitzena duen herria, dialekto batari eta besteari so bizi da.
Ревматологични аспекти на IgG4-свързаната болест
Authors: Dimov Detelin
Published: March 2023

Резюме. Имуноглобулин  G4-свързаната болест (IgG4-СБ) е имуноопосредствано заболяване, характеризиращо се с тъканна инфилтрация от IgG4(+)плазмоцити, водеща до фиброза и деструкция на засегнатия орган. В обсега на IgG4-СБ влизат всички органи и системи, но в обзора са представени актуални диагностични и терапевтични данни само за локализациите й в слъзните и слюнчените жлези, бъбреците, ретроперитонеума, белите дробове, аортата и артериите, които са терен и на ревматологична патология (васкулити, синдром на Sjogren, СЛЕ, системна склероза и др.).
Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematodes, high pANCA antibodies and end-stage renal failure
Authors: Gancheva Rada , Petranova Tsvetana , Ivanova Mariana , Sheitanov Ivan , Kundurdjiev Atanas , Nikolova Milena Krasimirova , Koleva Neli , Stoilov Rumen , Rashkov Rasho
Published: March 2023

A 47-year-old female patient with active Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) - skin, joint, hematological, and renal involvement was admitted for rapidly progressive renal failure at the background of very high anti-dsDNA and pANCA antibodies. Active pathogenetic treatment was started pulse therapy with methylprednisolone, intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) and cyclophosphamide, blood transfusions were performed, symptomatic treatment with infusions ad diuretic was initiated. Due to progression of renal failure with volume overload and increase in urea and creatinine levels renal-replacement therapy was initiated. The patient developed E. faecalis and E. durans sepsis with disseminated intravascular coagulation and ground-glass-type lung changes and the condition further deteriorated to fatal multiorgan failure. The authors discuss the role of pANCA antibodies in SLE with renal and lung involvement.
Клиничен случай на пациент с Thoracic outlet syndrome
Authors: Dimova Zhaklin Rumenova , Boyadzhieva Vladimira , Emin Soner , Stoilov Nikolay
Published: March 2023

Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) представлява група от изменения, които водят до компресия на брахиалния плексус, причиняваща симптоми на болка, мускулна слабост и изтръпване в областта на рамената и горните крайници. Класификацията на TOS се базира на патофизиологични симптоми и се дели основно на неврогенен (nTOS), венозен (vTOS) и артериален (aTOS). В зависимост от етиологията, ТОС може да се класифицира като вроден, травматичен или фукционално придобит. 

Представяме клиничен случай на 34-годишен мъж, който постъпи в Клиника по ревматология, УМБАЛ “Св.Иван Рилски” през месец юли 2022 година. Болният съобщава за оплаквания от изтръпване в пръстите на ръцете, слабост на горните крайници при отвеждане на ръцете нагоре и периунгвално посиняване. При пациентът е проведена флебография през 2021 година, със заключение закомпресия на v.subclavia dextra et sinistra при абдукция и ипсилатерална ротация на главата. От проведената КТ-ангиография, се установява компресия от дясна обща илиачна артерия върху лява обща илиачна вена, която е дилатирана, кореспондираща в най-висока степен с Мей-Търнър синдром. В клиниката по ревматология се извърши капиляроскопия, от която се визуализира периферен съдов спазъм и неспецифични промени. От лабораторните и имунологични изследвания не се установяват отклонения.
Foundational Learning and Mental Health: Empirical Evidence from Botswana
Authors: Opare-Kumi Jennifer
Published: March 2023

A considerable proportion of mental health problems surface in early childhood and adolescent years, with early onset mental health problems having the potential to affect the long-term development of young people. Research shows that positive teaching and learning school climates are associated with positive socio-emotional, behavioural, and academic student outcomes. The pedagogical intervention Teaching at the Right Level (TaRL) creates an enabling learning environments through fun and engaging, targeted instruction—proven to improve foundational numeracy and literacy outcomes of young people. With the current gap in policy relevant mental health and education data in low resource settings, this paper studies the effect of targeted instruction interventions such as TaRL on the mental health and educational outcomes of primary school learners in Botswana. Using a difference in difference design, the study finds that exposure to the learning pedagogy reduces the behavioural and emotional difficulties of children by .15SD when compared to children not yet exposed to the programme. This paper is able to connect the mental health and education literatures, contributing to the evidence base on improving student outcomes.
Kent Gürültüsüne İşitsel Peyzaj Yaklaşımı ile Bir Bakış: Kentin Sesini Dinle, Kendi Sesini Sestele “Eskişehir”
Authors: AKIN GÜLER Gülşen , ÖZÇEVİK BİLEN Aslı
Published: March 2023

Sesleri duymanın öneminin dünyanın her yerinde anlaşılması ümidiyle 2020 yılı, Uluslararası Ses Yılı olarak ilan edilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda, Eskişehir’de düzenlenen ”Kentin Sesini Dinle, Kendi Sesini Bestele’’çalıştayının sonuçları, gürültü ile mücadelede işitsel peyzaj yaklaşımı üzerinden ses türü tercih eğilimlerinin örnek bir kentsel ses ortamda sorgulanması ve bu sorgulama üzerinden ses türlerinin işitsel kimlik ile ilişkisinin araştırılması amacıyla tartışılmıştır. 38 kişilik katılımcı grubuyla, çalışma alanı olarak seçilen Eskişehir kentinin yoğun ve önemli ticaret ve turizm bölgesinde belirlenen üç farklı rotada ses yürüyüşü yöntemiyle yapılan alan çalışmasında elde edilen veriler doğrultusunda katılımcıların, kentin sesleriyle ilgili deneyimleri ve değerlendirmeleri paylaşılarak tartışılmıştır. Katılımcıların kentsel alanlarda doğal sesler ile birlikte insan ve günlük yaşam sesleri ile teknolojik seslerin de var olmasını bekledikleri görülmüştür. Buna göre ses kaynağı türü itibariyle mevzuatta gürültü olarak kabul edilen ya da düzeyi kabul edilebilir sınırların üzerine çıkan sesler; kentsel ses ortamın kimliğine ait (yere ait) olduğunda istenilen/tercih edilen sesler olarak değerlendirilebilmektedir.
Türkiye’de Sürdürülebilir Kentleşme: Bir Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli Uyarlaması
Authors: GÖKMEN Şahika , KOÇAK Deniz , ATAN Murat
Published: March 2023

Kentleşme ülkenin gelişimine katkıda bulunduğu kadar beraberinde bazı problemleri de getiren bir olgudur. Sürdürülebilir kentleşme ise kentlerin büyümelerini toplumun ekonomik, sosyal ve çevresel düzeylerinde ve sürdürülebilir bir şekilde gerçekleştirebilmesidir. Türkiye son yıllarda hızlı bir kentleşmeye maruz kalmakta ve kentlerde yaşayan insan sayısı artış göstermektedir. Türkiye’de sürdürülebilir kentleşme üzerine yapılan çalışmalar sınırlı olmakla birlikte, literatürde yıllara göre sürdürülebilir kentleşme performansının değerlendirildiği bir çalışmaya rastlanılmamıştır. Bu bağlamda bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin 2000-2019 yılları arasındaki sürdürülebilir kentleşme performansının ölçülmesi ve değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Türkiye’nin sürdürülebilir kentleşmesinin ölçülmesinde sosyo-ekonomik ve çevresel değişkenler yapısal eşitlik modelinde kullanılmaktadır. Modelin tahmin edilmesinde ise ikinci mertebeden doğrulayıcı faktör analizi kullanılmaktadır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, 2016 yılı ve sonrasında çevrecilik performansında ciddi bir artış kaydedildiği görülmektedir. Çevrecilik performansı ve görece daha durağan bir artış gösteren sosyo-ekonomik performansın, ülkenin sürdürülebilir kentleşme performansı üzerinde hemen hemen aynı düzeyde bir etkiye sahip olduğu görülmektedir.
Okul Öncesi Öğretmenlerinin Web 2.0 Araçlarına Yönelik Tutum Ölçeğinin Geliştirilmesi
Authors: KOL Suat , ÇALIŞKAN Hüseyin
Published: March 2023

Günümüzde WEB 2.0 araçları eğitimde etkin olarak kullanılmaktadır. Son yıllarda özellikle pandemiden kaynaklı olarak uzaktan eğitimin faaliyetlerindeki ciddi artış öğretmenlerin eğimin süreçlerinde WEB 2.0 araçlarını daha çok kullanmalarına neden olmuştur. Okul öncesi eğitim de bu süreçte teknolojik araçlarının eğitimde sıklıkla kullanıldığı bir alan olmuştur. Okul öncesi öğretmenleri etkinlik ya da eğitici materyal hazırlarken WEB 2.0 araçlarının onlara sunduğu geniş seçeneklerden faydalanarak oldukça etkin biçimde bu yazılımları kullanmaktadırlar. Okul öncesi öğretmenlerin WEB 2.0 araçlarına yönelik tutumlarını belirleyen bir ölçek henüz geliştirilmemiştir. Buradan hareketle bu araştırmanın temel amacı okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin WEB 2.0 araçlarına yönelik tutum düzeylerini belirlemeye yönelik geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. Beşli likert tipindeki deneme formunda 35 madde yer almaktadır. 258 okul öncesi öğretmenine uygulanan ölçeğin AFA hesaplamalarından sonra ölçek 20 madde üç alt boyutlu yapılan analizler sonucunda üç faktörlü 20 sorudan oluşan ölçek 202 okul öncesi öğretmenine uygulanarak DFA analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçeğin geçerlik ve güvenirliğine ilişkin yeterli veriler elde edilerek araştırmacıların kullanımına hazır hale getirilmiştir.
Efektivitas Diseminasi Peringatan Dini di Flores Timur dalam Kasus Longsor
Authors: Silaban Donna Isra
Published: March 2023

Informasi peringatan dini terhadap bencana alam menjadi penting bagi kehidupan manusia, mengingat kondisi Indonesia yang menduduki peringkat atas dari negara lainnya dalam urutan daerah rawan bencana. Banyaknya korban jiwa sejak bencana tsunami 2004, membuat pemerintah berupaya untuk memberikan peringatan kepada masyarakat terkait gejala alam yang terjadi sedini mungkin. Salah satunya adalah dengan proses diseminasi yang dilakukan oleh BMKG. Dalam proses diseminasi yang dilakukan, BMKG harus memastikan bahwa informasi berhasil disebarkan, media yang digunakan tepat dan masyarakat sebagai penerima pesan memahami informasi yang diterima. Hasil analisis terhadap penelitian terdahulu menegaskan bahwa penyebaran peringatan dini melalui media sosial terbukti lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan media lainnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan studi kasus dan melakukan wawancara kepada informan kunci, yaitu: Pengamat Meteorologi, Stasiun Meteorologi Kelas III Gewayantana Larantuka, Flores Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep Komunikasi Bencana Haddow dan Haddow. Hasil penelitian pada Masyarakat Desa Lamanele ditemukan bahwa peringatan dini telah disebarkan oleh BMKG kepada pemerintah setempat melalui media sosial dimulai sejak enam hari sebelum terjadinya bencana longsor, namun faktor keterbatasan akses informasi dan sikap kurang responsif dari masyarakat, membuat proses diseminasi peringatan dini cuaca BMKG belum efektif, sehingga bencana longsor pada tanggal 4 April 2021 merenggut korban jiwa.
Mitigating Mobility Challenges in Rural Areas of Nigeria: Adaptation of Carriage to Bicycle and Motorcycle
Authors: Oyesiku Kayode O. , Akinyemi Olasunkanmi O. , Giwa Solomon O. , Lawal Nurudeen S. , Adetifa Babatunde O.
Published: March 2023

In many rural parts of Nigeria, head-loading and several unsafe loading conditions on bicycles and motorcycles characterize mobility of perishable agricultural produce that affects economic and social development. This paper highlights developed carriages adaptable on bicycle and motorcycle, affordable for goods mobility. Developed were different trailer designs for the bicycle: fixed plate design (FPD); convertible plate design (CPD); and wire mesh design (WMD) and two trailer designs for motorcycle: fixed plate design (FPD) and convertible plate design (CPD). Hitch systems used are universal joint and collar assembly for bicycle trailer and annular of heavy duty cylindrical cone housing and bolt for motorcycle trailer. There was satisfactory performance in four areas of ergonomic evaluation. Speed tests showed that the WMD bicycle, CPD/FPD bicycle and CPD/FPD motorcycle trailers have a respective maximum speed of 9.1 – 12, 6.5-8 and 16-18 km/h depending on the amount of load and the type of road. Haulage test showed that the trailers manoeuvre effectively and are controllable and usable on all types of road surfaces. The produced carriages strengthen capacity for adaptation to transport supply needs and ensure sustainable farm products transportation mode that increases rate evacuation and reduces farm products decay awaiting transport to market.
Patterns, Trends and Correlates of Ten Major Reported Crimes in Ondo State, Nigeria
Authors: Taiwo O. J. , Olumoyegun J. M. , Omotosho O. O.
Published: March 2023

We analysed the trend, patterns, and correlates of ten major crimes among Local Government Areas (LGAs) in Ondo State. The number of reported crimes from 2007 to 2016 were used to assess the trend in crimes, while the reported number of crimes in 2007 and 2010 from the 18 LGAs were used for the analysis of the spatiotemporal distribution and pattern of crimes. The reported number of murders, rape and indecent assault, assault, pretense/cheating, breach of the public peace, kidnapping and forgery increased while burglary and armed robbery declined. Akure South, Ondo West, Akure North, and Ilaje LGAs had the highest reported crimes. Nearly all the crimes exhibited a random distributional pattern in 2007 and 2010 except assault and kidnapping. There was a significant difference between the number of reported crimes in urban and rural LGAs (F(1,358)=4.148) while the number of hotels and population density was highly correlated with some crimes. The availability of relatively long-time data provides the opportunity to understand the spatiotemporal trend, pattern and correlates of major crimes in Ondo State, Nigeria.
Single and Cohabiting Parent Family Systems: The New ‘Normal’ Family Structures?
Authors: Ayandele Olusola , Popoola Olugbenga
Published: March 2023

Single-parenthood and cohabitation are becoming ‘trendy’ family structures in many African societies. Guided by the structural functionalism approach, types of family structures and the influence of globalisation on the African family structure were discussed. Secondary data from Demographic Health Surveys conducted in Ghana, Nigeria, South Africa, and Uganda, as well as World Family Map and various studies from sub-Saharan African countries were also used to examine the prevalence of the married-couple, cohabiting-couple, and single-parent family structures, and the findings presented descriptively. Results show that single-parenthood is most common in South Africa and married-couple family structure is popular in Nigeria and Ghana whereas marriage, single-parenthood, and cohabitation recorded a comparable level of popularity in Uganda. In the study, it was discovered that cohabitation and single-parenthood have lost some stigma in many African societies and are becoming common and socially acceptable, especially among educated citizens and in Christian dominated countries on the continent. Society, governmental and non-governmental agencies, education and religious institutions, as well as clinical and social services, should be attuned to the currently diverse new ‘normal’ family systems.