bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DUT Guide: Uddannelsesudvikling
Authors: Kærsgaard Jens Laurs Brøndum
Published: November 2023

Uddannelsesudvikling er en essentiel del af det akademiske arbejde på videregående uddannelser. I disse processer kan vi diskutere relevansen af en uddannelse samt sammenhængen og progressionen på tværs af semestre, kurser og undervisning for uddannelsens helhed, og det at skabe gode læringsprocesser for studerende. Der er således brug for at have et større fokus på de systematiske tilgange og de iterative processer, der kan være i at udvikle eller revidere en uddannelse.
Denne guide er baseret på teoretisk litteratur og forskning samt forfatternes egne erfaringer som uddannelsesrådgivere, og den præsenterer praksisnære anvisninger til uddannelsesansvarlige, undervisere, studerende, aftagere og uddannelsesudviklere om uddannelsesudvikling.
Den faciliterende underviser
Authors: Bergen Ulla
Published: November 2023

Ravn, I. (2023). Den faciliterende underviser. Hans Reitzels Forlag. 241 sider.
Ib Ravn har forfattet en praksisnær og personligt forankret vejledning i at benytte facilitering i undervisningen. Står du indimellem i et undervisningslokale og tænker over, hvordan du klogest tackler situationen, vil du med stor sandsynlighed finde relevante råd her. Du vil også blive opmærksom på, hvor meget – eller lidt – du selv faciliterer, når du underviser. Til at forklare, hvorfor vi mennesker gør noget – eller med andre ord, hvad der skal til for at motivere os, inddrager Ravn selvbestemmelsesteori (Self-Determination Theory, SDT) som teoretisk kontekst. Denne teori påpeger, at der er tre psykologiske kernebehov (autonomi, kompetencer og tilhørsforhold), som må opfyldes, for at der kan skabes trivsel og motivation for læring. Ravn forklarer, hvordan disse behov kan mødes gennem udstrakt facilitering af den enkelte undervisningsgang, og læringen hos deltagerne dermed fremmes. Selvom bogen primært er en værdifuld ressource for den mindre erfarne underviser, vil enhver, som beskæftiger sig med undervisning af studerende og voksne kursister, kunne hente inspiration til refleksion over egen praksis og drage fordel af indsigt i Self-Determination Theory.
Når forskellighed handler om mere end etnicitet
Authors: Kierkegaard Sarah , Klitmøller Jacob
Published: November 2023

Med afsæt i kritikken af en dominerende es- sentialiserende forståelse af etniske og religiøse forskelle i dansk uddannelsesforskning har man indenfor dansk kritisk etnografisk etnicitetsforskning været optaget af at dekonstruere fortællingen om de problematiske etniske og religiøse andre og fremhæve skole- og institutioner som medskabere af de udfordringer uddannelsesforskningen problematiserer. I denne artikel vil vi vise, at etnisk og/eller religiøst markeret forskel vedbliver at være den dominerende forskel trods empiriens og forskernes eksplicitte modstand mod en sådan singulær forskelsforståelse. Vi vil vise, at etniske og/eller religiøse forskelsmarkører har multiple betydninger, ydermere at forskel- lighed i etnisk/religiøst blandede institutioner handler om mere end etnisk og religiøs forskellighed. Gennem analyse af både den kritisk etnografiske etnicitetsforsknings empiriske analyser samt vores eget empiriske materiale argumenterer vi for det værdifulde i at udvide den analytiske ramme for bedre at kunne forstå de forskelle, der for børn og unge har betydning for deres deltagelsesmuligheder i institutionspraksis. Ved at blive i børnenes hverdag peger vi på en analytisk opmærksomhed, som kan assistere med at komme tættere på de betydningsfulde forskelle, som i en institutionshverdag også får betydning for børns/unges deltagelsesmuligheder.
Vielgestaltigkeit von Uniformität: Zur Bedeutung von Kleidung in totalen Institutionen
Authors:   Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg, Kapuzinerstraße 16, 96047 Bamberg, Germany, Oelbauer Daniel
Published: November 2023

The essential features of total institutions include complete closure to the outside world and almost total surveillance of inmates within. All activities are concentrated in one place and under one authority. Inmates are condemned to a meticulously planned daily routine and their activities are carried out in pursuit of the institution’s goal. Finally, the model distinguishes between staff and inmates. The former are responsible for supervising the latter. According to Goffman, five different types of institutions can be distinguished. In addition to welfare institutions and institutions for the rational performance of certain work-like tasks (barracks, ship, boarding school), he calls prisons, asylums and monasteries total institutions. They serve to protect or rehabilitate the community, are havens from the world or places of contemplation, and provide healing or care for people who are unable to care for themselves and pose an unintended threat to others. Entry into the total institution involves a permanent loss of role through separation from the rest of the world. In addition, the newcomer must undergo a series of procedures that are seen as a profound break from the previous life. These include undressing and dressing in (institutional) clothing, which is imbued with symbolic meaning. This is the point of departure for this article, which seeks to answer the following research question: How does the clothing of monastic inmates, prison inmates and psychiatric patients differ both in terms of design and in terms of their supportive functions in the context of achieving the institutional goal?
Bilum and Noken: String bags and sorcery in New Guinea
Authors:   Institut komunikačních studií a žurnalistiky, Fakulta sociálních věd Univerzity Karlovy, Soukup Martin
Published: November 2023

This paper follows up the year 1871; a milestone of hardening anthropology as scientific approach. Tylor has published Primitive Culture; Morgan was signed under the title Systems of Consanguinity and Affinity of the Human Family, Miklouho-Maclay landed on New Guinea in the same year. There is no strict connection between these crucial events. From the historical viewpoint is possible to see (1) rising of focus on diachronic perspective to understand society and culture; (2) a studying of kinship as the key how to understand the both – culture and society; (3) a necessity to perform field research in a particular society and culture.
Valsts regulējuma modeļa izstrāde banku sektorā
Authors:   , Freimanis Kristaps
Published: November 2023

Promocijas darba mērķis ir izstrādāt valsts regulējuma modeli banku sektorā, lai atrastu līdzsvara punktu, ņemot vērā sabiedrības zaudējumu, kas izriet no tirgus nepilnībām un valsts regulējuma izmaksām. Promocijas darbā identificētas banku sektora tirgus nepilnības, kas ļauj novērtēt labklājības zudumu banku sektorā, kā arī identificēti regulējuma principi valsts regulējuma modeļa izveidošanai. Pamatojoties uz iepriekšminēto, izstrādāts kvantitatīvs regulējuma modelis, kas validēts ar eiro zonas vai pasaules datiem atkarībā no modeļa lietojamības un datu pieejamības. Pirmo reizi Latvijas banku sektorā novērtēta regulējuma intensitāte un līdzsvara punkts starp labklājības zudumu, kas rodas tirgus nepilnību dēļ, un regulējuma izmaksām.
Influence of high-frequency localized surface plasmon polariton effect of Al nanoparticles on luminescence efficiency of deep-blue BCzVBi OLED
Authors: Wang Yin-Xia , Bai Xiao-Chuan , Zhang Yong , Li Guo-Qing ,   School of Physical Science & Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
Published: November 2023

It is difficult to enhance the blue or purple luminescence efficiency of organic light-emitting device ( OLED) for practice display applications. In this work, aluminum nano particles (Al-NPs) are inserted into the light-tight TmPyPb electron transporting layer (ETL) of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/TAPC/BCzVBi:BCPO/TmPyPb/Liq/Al OLEDs, in which BCzVBi can emit deep-blue fluorescent light, with the attempts to overcome the above deficiency through the local surface plasmon polariton (LSPP) effect excited in Al-NP at higher resonance frequencies by the luminescence radiations from BCzVBi. The distances of Al-NPs from BCzVBi:BCPO fluorescent layer are chosen as x = 4, 8, 12 nm. The morphologies observed by atom force microscope and scan electron microscope show that the Al film with a thickness of 1 nm, deposited at room temperature by vacuum heat evaporate, is composed of separated Al grains (therefore, called Al-NPs) with sizes on a 10 nm scale. By inserting these Al-NPs into the TmPyPb ETL, both the current density and luminance at the same voltage decrease in comparison with the counterparts of reference devices (i.e. ones without Al-NPs) due to the worsened carrier mobility. However, the current density and luminance both rebound significantly at x = 8 nm. This may be due to the fact that the fluorescence quenching strongly occurs at x < 8 nm, and on the other hand, the local surface plasmon polariton is weakened too much at x > 8 nm due to attenuated radiation from BCzVBi. At x = 8 nm, the voltage (9 V) at which the luminance reaches a maximum value is the same as that for the reference device, but the maximum luminance itself decreases from 4200 Cd/m2 to 3500 Cd/m2. However, the current density also decreases from 335.19 mA/cm2 to 145.71 mA/cm2. This conversely results in a promising great increase of current efficiency from 0.88 Cd·A–1 to 2.36 Cd·A–1. Subsequently, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) is enhanced by 170%, while the efficiency roll-off ratio decreases from 78% to 30.5%, with a decrement of 61%. At a high current density of 270 mA/cm2, EQE enhances 66.5%. The coupling between fluorescence excitation state and local surface plasmon polariton is determined by the overlapping between fluorescence emitting peak and plasmon resonance peak. As aluminum has a number density of free electrons, 18.1×1022 cm–3, much larger than those for the other normally used metals (such as gold and silver), its spectrum of local surface plasmon polariton is enough to cover the fluorescence wavelength range of BCzVBi. These research results show that the luminescence efficiency of deep-blue OLEDs can be turned better by LSPP excited in Al-NPs at higher resonance frequencies.
Identities for Fibonacci and Lucas numbers
Authors:   Department of Mathematics, Central Michigan University, Grossman George , Zeleke Aklilu ,   Michigan State University, Zhu Xinyun ,   Department of Mathematics, University of Texas of the Permian Basin
Published: November 2023

In this paper several new identities are given for the Fibonacci and Lucas numbers. This is accomplished by by solving a class of non-homogeneous, linear recurrence relations.
A human mitofusin 2 mutation can cause mitophagic cardiomyopathy
Authors: Franco Antonietta , Li Jiajia , Kelly Daniel P , Hershberger Ray E , Marian Ali J , Lewis Renate M , Song Moshi , Dang Xiawei , Schmidt Alina D , Mathyer Mary E , Edwards John R , Strong Cristina de Guzman , Dorn Gerald W
Published: November 2023

Cardiac muscle has the highest mitochondrial density of any human tissue, but mitochondrial dysfunction is not a recognized cause of isolated cardiomyopathy. Here, we determined that the rare mitofusin (MFN) 2 R400Q mutation is 15–20× over-represented in clinical cardiomyopathy, whereas this specific mutation is not reported as a cause of MFN2 mutant-induced peripheral neuropathy, Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 2A (CMT2A). Accordingly, we interrogated the enzymatic, biophysical, and functional characteristics of MFN2 Q400 versus wild-type and CMT2A-causing MFN2 mutants. All MFN2 mutants had impaired mitochondrial fusion, the canonical MFN2 function. Compared to MFN2 T105M that lacked catalytic GTPase activity and exhibited normal activation-induced changes in conformation, MFN2 R400Q and M376A had normal GTPase activity with impaired conformational shifting. MFN2 R400Q did not suppress mitochondrial motility, provoke mitochondrial depolarization, or dominantly suppress mitochondrial respiration like MFN2 T105M. By contrast to MFN2 T105M and M376A, MFN2 R400Q was uniquely defective in recruiting Parkin to mitochondria. CRISPR editing of the R400Q mutation into the mouse Mfn2 gene induced perinatal cardiomyopathy with no other organ involvement; knock-in of Mfn2 T105M or M376V did not affect the heart. RNA sequencing and metabolomics of cardiomyopathic Mfn2 Q/Q400 hearts revealed signature abnormalities recapitulating experimental mitophagic cardiomyopathy. Indeed, cultured cardiomyoblasts and in vivo cardiomyocytes expressing MFN2 Q400 had mitophagy defects with increased sensitivity to doxorubicin. MFN2 R400Q is the first known natural mitophagy-defective MFN2 mutant. Its unique profile of dysfunction evokes mitophagic cardiomyopathy, suggesting a mechanism for enrichment in clinical cardiomyopathy.
Autoinhibited kinesin-1 adopts a hierarchical folding pattern
Authors: Tan Zhenyu , Yue Yang , Leprevost Felipe , Haynes Sarah , Basrur Venkatesha , Nesvizhskii Alexey I , Verhey Kristen J , Cianfrocco Michael A
Published: November 2023

Conventional kinesin-1 is the primary anterograde motor in cells for transporting cellular cargo. While there is a consensus that the C-terminal tail of kinesin-1 inhibits motility, the molecular architecture of a full-length autoinhibited kinesin-1 remains unknown. Here, we combine crosslinking mass spectrometry (XL-MS), electron microscopy (EM), and AlphaFold structure prediction to determine the architecture of the full-length autoinhibited kinesin-1 homodimer (kinesin-1 heavy chain [KHC]) and kinesin-1 heterotetramer (KHC bound to kinesin light chain 1 [KLC1]). Our integrative analysis shows that kinesin-1 forms a compact, bent conformation through a break in coiled-coil 3. Moreover, our XL-MS analysis demonstrates that kinesin light chains stabilize the folded inhibited state rather than inducing a new structural state. Using our structural model, we show that disruption of multiple interactions between the motor, stalk, and tail domains is required to activate the full-length kinesin-1. Our work offers a conceptual framework for understanding how cargo adaptors and microtubule-associated proteins relieve autoinhibition to promote activation.
Bestrophin-4 relays HES4 and interacts with TWIST1 to suppress epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in colorectal cancer cells
Authors: Wang Zijing , Xia Bihan , Qi Shaochong , Zhang Xian , Zhang Xiaoshuang , Li Yan , Wang Huimin , Zhang Miao , Zhao Ziyi , Kerr David , Yang Li , Cai Shijie , Yang Jilin
Published: November 2023

Bestrophin isoform 4 (BEST4) is a newly identified subtype of the calcium-activated chloride channel family. Analysis of colonic epithelial cell diversity by single-cell RNA-sequencing has revealed the existence of a cluster of BEST4+ mature colonocytes in humans. However, if the role of BEST4 is involved in regulating tumour progression remains largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrate that BEST4 overexpression attenuates cell proliferation, colony formation, and mobility in colorectal cancer (CRC) in vitro, and impedes the tumour growth and the liver metastasis in vivo. BEST4 is co-expressed with hairy/enhancer of split 4 (HES4) in the nucleus of cells, and HES4 signals BEST4 by interacting with the upstream region of the BEST4 promoter. BEST4 is epistatic to HES4 and downregulates TWIST1, thereby inhibiting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in CRC. Conversely, knockout of BEST4 using CRISPR/Cas9 in CRC cells revitalises tumour growth and induces EMT. Furthermore, the low level of the BEST4 mRNA is correlated with advanced and the worse prognosis, suggesting its potential role involving CRC progression.
Metabolic reprogramming of cancer cells by JMJD6-mediated pre-mRNA splicing associated with therapeutic response to splicing inhibitor
Authors: Jablonowski Carolyn M , Quarni Waise , Singh Shivendra , Tan Haiyan , Bostanthirige Dhanushka Hewa , Jin Hongjian , Fang Jie , Chang Ti-Cheng , Finkelstein David , Cho Ji-Hoon , Hu Dongli , Pagala Vishwajeeth , Sakurada Sadie Miki , Pruett-Miller Shondra M , Wang Ruoning , Murphy Andrew , Freeman Kevin , Peng Junmin , Davidoff Andrew M , Wu Gang , Yang Jun
Published: November 2023

Dysregulated pre-mRNA splicing and metabolism are two hallmarks of MYC-driven cancers. Pharmacological inhibition of both processes has been extensively investigated as potential therapeutic avenues in preclinical and clinical studies. However, how pre-mRNA splicing and metabolism are orchestrated in response to oncogenic stress and therapies is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that jumonji domain containing 6, arginine demethylase, and lysine hydroxylase, JMJD6, acts as a hub connecting splicing and metabolism in MYC-driven human neuroblastoma. JMJD6 cooperates with MYC in cellular transformation of murine neural crest cells by physically interacting with RNA binding proteins involved in pre-mRNA splicing and protein homeostasis. Notably, JMJD6 controls the alternative splicing of two isoforms of glutaminase (GLS), namely kidney-type glutaminase (KGA) and glutaminase C (GAC), which are rate-limiting enzymes of glutaminolysis in the central carbon metabolism in neuroblastoma. Further, we show that JMJD6 is correlated with the anti-cancer activity of indisulam, a ‘molecular glue’ that degrades splicing factor RBM39, which complexes with JMJD6. The indisulam-mediated cancer cell killing is at least partly dependent on the glutamine-related metabolic pathway mediated by JMJD6. Our findings reveal a cancer-promoting metabolic program is associated with alternative pre-mRNA splicing through JMJD6, providing a rationale to target JMJD6 as a therapeutic avenue for treating MYC-driven cancers.
Where is all the research software? An analysis of software in UK academic repositories
Authors: Carlin Domhnall , Rainer Austen , Wilson David
Published: November 2023

This research examines the prevalence of research software as independent records of output within UK academic institutional repositories (IRs). There has been a steep decline in numbers of research software submissions to the UK’s Research Excellence Framework from 2008 to 2021, but there has been no investigation into whether and how the official academic IRs have affected the low return rates. In what we believe to be the first such census of its kind, we queried the 182 online repositories of 157 UK universities. Our findings show that the prevalence of software within UK Academic IRs is incredibly low. Fewer than 28% contain software as recognised academic output. Of greater concern, we found that over 63% of repositories do not currently record software as a type of research output and that several Universities appeared to have removed software as a defined type from default settings of their repository. We also explored potential correlations, such as being a member of the Russell group, but found no correlation between these metadata and prevalence of records of software. Finally, we discuss the implications of these findings with regards to the lack of recognition of software as a discrete research output in institutions, despite the opposite being mandated by funders, and we make recommendations for changes in policies and operating procedures.
Location decision of low-altitude service station for transfer flight based on modified immune algorithm
Authors: Chen Huaqun , Yang Weichao , Tang Xie , Yang Minghui , Huang Fangwei , Zhu Xingao
Published: November 2023

The location of Low-Altitude Flight Service Station (LAFSS) is a comprehensive decision work, and it is also a multi-objective optimization problem (MOOP) with constraints. As a swarm intelligence search algorithm for solving constrained MOOP, the Immune Algorithm (IA) retains the excellent characteristics of genetic algorithm. Using some characteristic information or knowledge of the problem selectively and purposefully, the degradation phenomenon in the optimization process can be suppressed and the global optimum can be achieved. However, due to the large range involved in the low-altitude transition flight, the geographical characteristics, economic level and service requirements among the candidate stations in the corridor are quite different, and the operational safety and service efficiency are interrelated and conflict with each other. And all objectives cannot be optimal. Therefore, this article proposes a Modified Immune Algorithm (MIA) with two-layer response to solve the constrained multi-objective location mathematical model of LAFSS. The first layer uses the demand track as the cell membrane positioning pattern recognition service response distance to trigger the innate immunity to achieve the basic requirements of security service coverage. In the second layer, the expansion and upgrading of adjacent candidate sites are compared to the pathogen’s effector, and the adaptive immunity is directly or indirectly triggered again through the cloning, mutation and reproduction between candidate sites to realize the multi-objective equilibrium of the scheme. Taking 486,000 km2 of Sichuan Province as an example, MIA for LAFSS is simulated by the MATLAB platform. Based on the Spring open source application framework of Java platform, the cesiumjs map data is called through easyui, and the visualization of site selection scheme is presented with the terrain data of Map World as the background. The experimental results show that, compared with dynamic programming and ordinary immunization, the immune trigger mode of double response and the improved algorithm of operation parameter combination designed by the Taguchi experiment, the total economic cost of location selection is reduced by 26.4%, the service response time is reduced by 25%, the repeat coverage rate is reduced by 29.5% and the effective service area is increased by 17.5%. The security risk, service efficiency and location cost are balanced. The present work is to provide an effective location method for the layout number and location of local transfer flight service stations. For complex scenes with larger scale of low-altitude flight supply and demand and larger terrain changes in the region, the above research methods can be used to effectively split and reduce the dimension.
Bacterial diversity of herbal rhizospheric soils in Ordos desert steppes under different degradation gradients
Authors: Guo Yuefeng , Zhang Dan , Qi Wei
Published: November 2023

Objectives

This study explored the effects of different degradation gradients on bacterial diversity in the rhizospheric soils of herb plants.

Methods

The alpha diversity, species composition and correlations of bacterial communities in the rhizospheric soils of herb plants were studied using metagenomics 16SrDNA gene high-throughput sequencing.

Results

The diversity of bacterial communities in the rhizospheric soils of herb plants differed during the degradation of desert steppes. An analysis of bacterial community alpha diversity indices showed the bacterial diversity and species evenness of rhizospheric soils were best in moderately degraded desert steppes. Among all samples, a total of 43 phyla, 133 classes, 261 orders, 421 families, 802 genera and 1,129 species were detected. At the phylum level, the predominant bacterial phyla were: Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Gemmatimonadetes, Chloroflexi, Planctomycetes and Bacteroidetes. At the genus level, the predominant bacterial genera were: RB41, Sphingomonas, WD2101_soil_group_unclassified, Pseudomonas and Actinomyces. The relative abundance of unknown genera was very large, which deserves further research. At the phylum and genus levels, the species abundance levels under slight and moderate degradation were significantly higher than those under extreme degradation. Correlation network diagrams showed there were many nodes in both slightly deteriorated and moderately deteriorated soils, and the node proportions were large and mostly positively correlated. These results indicate the bacterial communities in rhizospheric soils under slight or moderate deterioration are relatively stable. The rhizospheric soil microbes of desert steppes can form a stable network structure, allowing them to adequately respond to environmental conditions.

Conclusions

The bacterial communities in the rhizospheric soils of herb plants differ between different degradation gradients. The species number, abundance and diversity of bacterial communities in rhizospheric soils are not directly correlated with degree of degradation. The abundance, species diversity and species abundance of bacterial communities in the rhizospheric soils of moderately degraded desert steppes are the highest and most stable. The soil bacterial diversity is lowest in severely degraded desert steppes.
Trends in soil organic matter and topsoil thickness under regenerative practices at the University of Washington student farm
Authors: Macray Julia E. , Montgomery David R.
Published: November 2023

Conventional methods of agriculture, especially tillage, are often accompanied by soil degradation in the form of erosion and organic matter depletion. Regenerative agricultural methods seek to repair soil ecosystems by building topsoil and soil organic matter (SOM), decreasing reliance on chemical fertilizers and increasing both water retention capacity and the diversity and quantity of soil microbial and fungal communities. The University of Washington (UW) student farm is an organic and regeneratively managed site on the UW Seattle campus. Over the past 20 years the farm gradually expanded so locations on the farm encompass both unimproved topsoil and soils managed regeneratively for periods of 5 to 20 years. This arrangement allows a time-trend analysis of soil development under regenerative methods. Measurements of topsoil thickness (defined as the distance from the ground surface to the base of the soil A horizon) and organic matter content were collected across 14 distinct plots on the farm to quantify trends over time and estimate net change in SOM (and soil organic carbon, or SOC). While SOM content weakly increased by 0.5% per year, topsoil thickness exhibited a significant linear increase of 0.86 cm per year. Over a twenty-year period under the management practices of the UW Farm total organic carbon storage in soils, determined using topsoil thickness, density, and SOC content, increased by between 4 and 14 t ha−1 yr−1. The general increases in topsoil thickness, SOM content, and total soil carbon demonstrate the potential of soil-health-focused practices to help maintain a productive and efficient urban growing space.
Two new species of Parahesione (Annelida: Hesionidae) associated with ghost shrimps (Crustacea: Decapoda) and their phylogenetic relationships
Authors: Jimi Naoto , Nakajima Hiroki , Sato Taigi , Gonzalez Brett C. , Woo Sau Pinn , Rouse Greg W. , Britayev Temir
Published: November 2023

Two new species of Hesionidae, Parahesione pulvinata sp. nov. and Parahesione apiculata sp. nov. are described based on materials collected at tidal flats in Okinawa (Japan) from burrows of the ghost shrimps Neocallichirus jousseaumei and Glypturus armatus. The two new species are characterized by having eight enlarged cirri, dorsal cirrophores with dorsal foliose lobe and biramous parapodia, and by lacking median antenna. Parahesione apiculata sp. nov. has digitate lobes on the posterior margin of the dorsal foliose lobe (absent in P. pulvinata sp. nov.). The two new species were never found outside the ghost shrimp burrows, suggesting they are obligate symbionts. Phylogenetic analyses based on four concatenated genes suggest that the symbiotic lifestyle has evolved several times in Hesionidae.
Investigation on author’s concept in the Russian National Corpus
Authors: Ekaterina Kornakova , Tutova Ekaterina , Grekhanova Irina , Safaralieva Lyubov A' , Nekrylova Maria A
Published: November 2023

The data analysis of the Russian National Corpus (RNC) is being carried out by an increasing number of researchers, since the choice of lexical units and their description are now radically facilitated by corpus linguistics, which compiled all available texts in a particular database language based on a computer analysis and presented on the open Internet. The purpose of the study is to identify and describe the conceptual cognitive features and structural modeling of the CIVIC CONSCIOUSNESS concept in the works of Ye.A. Yevtushenko, i.e.: (1) based on the RNC data, to determine the place of the CIVIC CONSCIOUSNESS concept in the Russian social and artistic worldviews; (2) based on Yevtushenko’s works, to identify the features of the artistic CIVIC CONSCIOUSNESS concept in the individual author’s worldview; and (3) to characterize the interaction of the national and individual author’s worldviews in Yevtushenko’s works. To this end, the research involved general scientific methods of observation, description, and generalization as well as the method of conceptual analysis. The analysis of the RNC material shows that the structure of the CIVIC CONSCIOUSNESS concept is represented by five classes of features: (1) etymological and denotative motivating signs of the word representative of the concept; (2) conceptual attributes objectified as semantic word components; (3) figurative features; (4) categorical features; and (5) values (examples were taken from the main corpus of the Russian language as well as from the newspaper and poetic corpora). The analysis of the CIVIC   CONSCIOUSNESS concept in Yevtushenko’s works suggests the anthropocentricity of its figurative component. Its content is revealed in terms of the Russian national worldview and, at the same time, the individual author’s worldview of Ye.A. Yevtushenko. As the analysis of ways of conceptualizing the CIVIC CONSCIOUSNESS concept has shown, the most actual characteristics in Yevtushenko’s worldview are conceptual figurative features, including: anthropomorphic, animate and inanimate ones. In addition, categorical (dimensional, qualitative, etc.) and value attributes of the CIVIC CONSCIOUSNESS concept were identified. The analysis of Yevtushenko’s literary texts made it possible to identify some occasional signs of the CIVIC CONSCIOUSNESS concept, in particular, a figurative sign of inanimate nature and a temporal attribute related to categorical features.
Partner choices in the age of social media: are there significant relationships between following influencers on Instagram and partner choice criteria?
Authors: Nosrati Shaghayegh , Sabzali Maryam , Arsalani Aida , Darvishi Morteza , Aris Sharareh
Published: November 2023

Social Media Influencers (SMIs) are active members of social networks who have a huge number of followers. Some studies have called them the opinion leaders of the age of social media. These people are likely to affect the different aspects of beliefs and/or behaviors of the people who follow them. The current study aimed to investigate the relationships between people’s partner choice criteria on the one hand, and the amount and type of attention they dedicated to influencers on the other hand. A survey was conducted to see if people who pay more or less attention to influencers perceived appearance, wealth, religiousness, culture, and personality as important criteria in their partners. The results showed that there were direct relationships between dedicating attention to influencers and perceiving wealth and appearance to be important. Moreover, there was a significant relationship between dedicating attention to influencers and religiousness but it was an indirect relationship.
Application of Alpha Power Cubic Transmuted Dagum Distribution to Real-Life Data
Authors: Bala Shu’aibu , Yakura Bassa Shiwaye , Magaji Umar Alhaji , Iseyemi Samuel Oluwole
Published: November 2023

In this article, a new model is proposed called alpha power cubic transmuted distribution. Some properties of the new distribution such as survival and hazard functions and other useful measures were obtained. The model parameters were estimated using the method of maximum likelihood. The usefulness of the proposed distribution has been shown using three real datasets. This indicates that the proposed compound distribution would be useful in the area of distribution theory in Statistics, and in modeling real life data sets relating to biology, demography, geology, economics, environmental sciences, engineering, finance, medicine, hydrology, insurance and many other fields.
Biodiversity and Distribution Patterns of Clams (Tridacninae) on Coral Reefs in Kayu Angin Bira Island, Indonesia
Authors: Gumilar Iwang , Fauzi Muhammad , Riyantini Indah , Sunarto
Published: November 2023

This research aims to find out the biodiversity and distribution patterns of clams and the relationship between clam abundance and coral reef conditions in the Waters of Kayu Angin Bira Island, Kepulauan Seribu. The research was conducted between April and July 2022, with field data collection taking place in September 2022 at four chosen stations. These stations were selected based on variations in water depth and were situated in the South, West, North, and East regions of the waters surrounding Kayu Angin Bira Island. The data collection was conducted using survey methods. Coral reef data collection using LIT (Line Intercept Transect) method and clam observation using belt transect. The results showed that in the waters of Bira Kayu Angin Island, 25 individuals of 2 species of bivalve class were found, namely Tridacna squamosa, Tridacna crocea. The highest relative abundance of clams is found at the eastern station which is 20% and the lowest relative abundance is found at the southern, western and northern stations which is only 8%. Low diversity index of Tridacninae Clams was discovered at the four stations, which ranged from 0.451 - 0.662 and the uniformity index at the four stations ranged from 0.650 - 0.954, indicates high population uniformity. Based on Morisita distribution index, which ranges from 0.4 - 0.74, the spatial distribution of Tridacninae clams could be assigned as uniform. The relationship between clams and coral reefs is 0.7284, shows that clams have a strong relationship with the condition of coral reefs.
Yield Enhancement of Field Pea (Pisum sativum) through Zinc Solubilizing Microorganism
Authors: Somkuwar Shraddha , Aske Rahul , Ahirwal Arvind , Kher Deepak , Chauhan Smriti
Published: November 2023

In the rabi season of 2022-223, a field experiment was conducted at Instructional Farm, School of Agriculture, Sanjeev Agrawal Global Educational (SAGE) University Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh) to assess the impact of zinc (zn) and ZSB (Zinc Solubilizing Bacteria) solubilizers on the performance of field pea crops. The results of the experiment revealed that the application of 100% of the recommended dose of fertilizer in combination with zinc led to the highest values in various growth and yield parameters.

Specifically, the treatment of 100% Recommended dose fertilizer + Zinc statistically (p<0.05) compared to mean values demonstrated the maximum plant height, dry matter accumulation (in grams), branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and seed yield (1060 kg/ha). Additionally, it resulted in a straw of 2130 kg/ha., a biological yield of 4243 kg/ha, a net return of 1639 Rs/ha, and a benefit-to-cost (B: C) ratio of 1.12. It is worth noting that the performance achieved with the application of 100% ZSB was statistically on par with the treatment involving 100% Recommended Dose Fertilizer + Zinc. Overall, all of the treatments applied in the experiment had a significant positive impact on the growth, yield, and economic aspects of field pea cultivation in comparison to the control group.
DUS-Based Morphological Profiling and Categorization of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes
Authors: Yadav Rakesh Kumar , Tripathi Manoj Kumar , Tiwari Sushma , Asati Ruchi , Chauhan Shailja , Tripathi Niraj , Solanki R. S. , Sikarwar R. S. , Yasin Mohammad
Published: November 2023

In the realm of plant breeding, genetic diversity stands as a pivotal factor for advancing crop improvement initiatives. Morphological characterization assists as a critical role, allowing for the scrutiny of discernible traits in crop plants as this facilitates the identification, classification, and comprehension of genetic variations present among diverse genotypes. The objective of this investigation was to scrutinize the morphological traits of 71 chickpea genotypes, with a particular emphasis on 10 selected qualitative traits, in adherence to the DUS testing guidelines. The experimental design employed was the randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at the Research Farm, Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, RVSVV, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India during Rabi 2021-22. Among the parameters investigated, three exhibited a consistent dimorphic phenotype, six displayed three distinct phenotypes (trimorphic), and only one trait manifested more than three phenotypic variations (polymorphic). The diverse chickpea genotypes showed a substantial amount of genetic variability, demonstrating the potential for assigning distinct morphological profiles for varietal identification and characterization. Remarkably, for traits such as the foliage and flower color and seed shape, a high level of diversity within the chickpea genotypes was investigated employing Shannon's diversity indices. This comprehensive morphological characterization not only contributes to the understanding of the genetic landscape of chickpea genotypes but also provides valuable insights for varietal identification and selection in breeding programmes in future.
Economics of Lac Production on Annual Host Cajanus cajan under Different Plant Density and Soil Moisture Condition
Authors: Anjana Gopilal , Thomas Moni , Kumbhare Rahul , Pahalwan Deep Kumar , Bhan Manish , Bajpai Alok , Singh Anil Kumar
Published: November 2023

Inclusive of cash crop in crop production system a small and marginal farmer is an important state to shift them from sustainable farming to an economical farming. Lac is a cash crop while Cajanus cajan is a popular pulse crop in India. The present attempt was to evaluate economics of lac and grain production on C. cajan indifferent plant densities and soil moisture conditions. The two year data revealed that the highest net returnRs. 125.21 per plant, Rs. 149749.08 per hectare, in (S2W3) medium plant density (S2) and higher level of irrigation (W3), also highest input-output ratio (2.95) and B:C ratio (1.95).
Effect of Planting Pattern, Fertilizer Levels and Weed Management Practices on System Productivity and Economics of Pigeonpea-Based Intercropping System
Authors: Solanki Kavita , Pandey I. B. , Kumar Mukesh , Singh R. S. , Prasad S. S. , Pradhan Jyostnarani
Published: November 2023

The experiment was conducted during kharif 2021-22 at Tirhut College of Agriculture, Dholi, a campus of Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Pusa, Bihar. The primary objective was to assess how different planting pattern, in addition with the varying fertilizer levels along with weed management practices, affected the growth and physiological characteristics of pigeon pea under pigeon pea based intercropping system. The study was laid down by using factorial randomized block design with 2 intercropping systems, 3 fertilizer levels and 4 weed management practices, each replicated three times to reduce the experimental error. The study's results highlighted that all the intercropping system in both the planting pattern recorded significantly higher net return and B:C ratio than sole pigeon pea. Among the intercropping systems, paired row planting of pigeon pea (45 cm) in 2:2 row ratio significantly recorded maximum growth, yield attributes and yield, net return and B:C ratio than their intercropping with pigeon pea in normal planting pattern (60 cm) in 1:1 row ratio and pigeon pea + soybean in both planting pattern. Although, growth, yield and economics increased significantly with subsequent increase in fertilizer levels and recorded higher values up to 100% RDF. Weed management practices recorded significantly higher plant height, yield indices, grain yield, net return and B:C ratio than weedy check. Among weed management practices, hand weeding twice recorded significantly higher growth and yield attributes, fruiting efficiency, grain yield and net return than combined application of imazethapyr with quizalofop ethyl and pre-plant incorporation of chlorimuron ethyl fb imazathapyr except number of pods/plant, fruiting efficiency and net return with combined application of imazethapyr + quizalofop ethyl. However, significantly higher B:C ratio was associated with combined application of imazethapyr + quizalofop ethyl.  Application of 50% RDF in weed management practices produced significantly higher pigeon pea yield than application of 100% RDF in weedy check. Hence, 50% RDF could be saved by adopting the weed management practices in pigeon pea.
AI Robotics Technology: A Review
Authors: Khan Shaikhul Arefin , Chowdhury Md. Mokarram Hossain , Nandy Uthso
Published: November 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) has changed the course of our lives in many ways, both professionally and personally. Soon, autonomous systems will be integral to a wide variety of fields, including space, marine, and aviation robotics, field, and road robotics, and service robots. However, automated systems not only do routine tasks but also significantly improve the quality of the labor force. Artificial intelligence and robotics have advanced to the point that it's possible to build a computer with awareness, sentience, and the ability to think. Innovative research into combining AI with robots is yielding many exciting prospects for the future of technology. The process of compiling these potentials has begun. Abbreviating "robotic process automation" to "RPA" helps keep things simple. backed by tools that facilitate a new kind of Bioinformatic process automation (BPA) in the business world something which is based on software, such as artificial intelligence (AI) or robots. employees of a society or organization.
Evaluation of Potential Drug-drug Interactions in Prescription in Outpatient Department of Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Mahakalkar Sunil M. , Giradkar Akhil , Gholse Rahul , Rathod Umesh , Raj Divya
Published: November 2023

Aims: To evaluate potential drug- drug interactions (pDDIs) in prescriptions generated in outpatient department.

Study Design:  A cross sectional, observational study.

Place and Duration of Study: Pharmacy store, Government Medical College & Hospital, Nagpur, between July 2022 to September 2022.

Methodology: Cross Sectional study performed in outpatient department from July 2022 to September 2022 analysed 382 patient prescriptions (Male : Female 1.41 : 1.0 ; Mean Age 33.67 ± 23.18 ) to evaluate for potential DDIs. Precription with atleast 2 drugs were included in the analysis. Data was analysed for potential drug- drug interactions using Rx list drug interaction checker Online, an online software to check drug-drug interactions (https://www.rxlist.com/drug-interaction-checker.htm) available on the website. Descriptive statistics were performed using MS Excel 2019.

Results: Of the 382 (Male: Female 1.41 : 1.0 ; Mean Age 33.67 ± 23.18 )prescriptions analysed for potential DDIs , 55 prescription were found to have potential DDIs. In those 55 prescriptions, 73 potential DDIs were identified.

Conclusion: Incidence of potential drug- drug interactions was found to be 14.39%  in these study.
PELATIHAN WEB-TRACKING BERBASIS METODE SELF-ASSESMENT UNTUK PEMETAAN 10 PROGRAM LINGKUNGAN PESANTREN
Authors: Darusalam Ucuk , Nathasia Novi Dian , Mangunjaya Fachruddin M.
Published: November 2023

Pesantren merupakan wahana pendidikan agama Islam yang berkembang pesat dan menjadi basis dalam pendalaman ilmu fiqih dan tarbiyah. Pesantren berkembang diseluruh penjuru nusantara dengan ciri khas baik tradisional dan modern. Pesantren merupakan wahana pendidikan yang memiliki potensi dalam penerapan program lingkungan berkelanjutan atau pencapaian Sustainability Development Goals (SDGs). Dalam kegiatan pelatihan web-tracking yang telah dilakukan Tim Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM) Universitas Nasional (UNAS) melalui bentuk kerjasama dengan Pusat Pengkajian Islam (PPI-UNAS) telah berhasil dilakukan perancangan web-tracking dan workshop pemanduan penggunaan. Masalah yang dihadapi PPI-UNAS dalam upaya melakukan pemetaan potensi penerapan program lingkungan yang berkelanjutan di pesantren yakni belum tersedianya system pemetaan pesantren yang menerapkan program lingkungan dan potensi keberlanjutan penerapannya. Untuk itulah PPI-UNAS memerlukan solusi web yang berfungsi sebagai tracking program lingkungan yang dinamakan web-tracking ekopesantren. Metode perancangan web yang digunakan oleh Tim PKM UNAS adalah dengan self-assessment berbasis 10 program lingkungan. Kuesioner dalam web disusun terdiri atas 50 pertanyaan dengan jawaban skala Likert yakni scoring nilai 0 – 100. Jawaban diberikan dalam bentuk pilihan dan uraian penjelasan serta diberikan data pendukung berupa dokumentasi dan foto. Selanjutnya Tim PkM UNAS memberikan pelatihan kepada 123 peserta dari pesantren untuk uji coba penggunaan web-tracking. Metode pelatihan yang diterapkan dalam PkM adalah menggunakan metode direct coaching. Pelatihan web-tracking dilakukan di 3 kota besar yakni Medan, Bandung dan Yogyakarta pada 4 – 25 Oktober 2022. Dari hasil implementasi pada 123 peserta pesantren yang diundang dalam kegiatan workshop, web-tracking ekopesantren berhasil digunakan dengan mudah dan bersifat user friendly. Data yang diberikan oleh pesantren dapat dimasukkan ke system web-tracking dengan mudah dan menghasilkan gambaran pemetaan penerapan 10 program lingkungan. Hasil pelatihan penggunaan web dengan metode direct coaching berdasarkan penilain umpan balik peserta adalah web-tracking mudah digunakan 89,4%, pertanyaan kuesioner self-assessment relevan dengan 10 program lingkungan 97,56%, self-assessment membantu pesantren dalam pemetaan program lingkungan 88,6%, penyampaian materi jelas 90,2%, dan acara diselenggarakan panitia dengan layanan yang baik 96,7%.
Analysis of sugarcane × Saccharum spontaneum progeny for sugar and biomass traits
Authors: Ngaklunchon Rungtip , Jongrungklang Nakorn , Ukoskit Kittipat , Kimbeng Collins , Songsri Patcharin
Published: October 2023

Sugarcane production benefitted from useful genes imparted from Saccharum spontaneum L. Interspecific hybrids were evaluated for sugar and biomass traits in three environments, including two plants and one ratoon crop. The objective was to estimate genetic parameters for traits in this population and to develop appropriate breeding strategies and germplasm for use in variety development in both the sugar and bioenergy industries. Heritability was highest with all three environments considered; however, the increase was minimal compared with estimates from the first ratoon crop, suggesting resources will be better spent selecting in the first ratoon crop. Significant differences (p < 0.05) found among families for sucrose content‐related traits warrant selecting first among families before selecting among genotypes within families for these traits. The same was not true for cane yield and its components. Heritability was low to moderate (> 0.3 < 0.47) for cane yield and its components and high (> 0.7) for all other traits, suggesting early selection in small plots could emphasize sucrose content‐related traits. Selecting intensely for a highly heritable trait in one stage can influence genetic variation of another trait in subsequent stages. Therefore, multivariate selection methods were employed that identified groups of genotypes with characteristics distinct to both industries. The S. spontaneum parents dominated trait variation in the hybrid population. Consequently, although genotypes with potential for the sugar industry would have to undergo rounds of backcrossing to recover good sugar characteristics, genotypes with immediate potential in the bioenergy industry were easily identified in this population.
ChemInform Abstract: Reduction of 3‐Substituted 1‐Arylcyclobutanols.
Authors: Kinnius Joerg , Dehmlow Eckehard Volker
Published: October 2023

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.