bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Riflessioni pedagogiche sulla città come luogo di relazioni: da spazi di crisi a spazi di accoglienza
Authors: Proli Maria Grazia
Published: February 2025

La crescente complessità del vivere in contesti urbani, spesso caratterizzati da tessuti frammentati e diluiti in sconfinate periferie, richiama l'urgenza di favorire processi educativi e formativi, lungo l'arco della vita, che possano sollecitare l'evoluzione di città e comunità sostenibili, come suggerisce il modello learning city (Longworth, 2006) assunto da UNESCO nel recepire i traguardi posti dagli Obiettivi per lo Sviluppo Sostenibile dell'Agenda 2030 ONU (cfr. Boffo, Biagioli & Togni, 2023). In questa prospettiva, il contributo proposto presenta un percorso di ricerca[1] che indaga la città come luogo delle relazioni e della partecipazione democratica, nell'ipotesi che processi educativi e formativi, nella partecipazione, nella relazione e nella rigenerazione dal basso, favoriscano la riappropriazione degli spazi pubblici da parte dei soggetti coinvolti, verso una trasformazione delle aree urbane da spazi di crisi a luoghi della relazione (cfr. Amadini, 2017; Lazzarini, 2016; Lombardi, 2020). L'obiettivo della ricerca empirica condotta è di rispondere a una domanda che interroga sulla possibilità che tali processi educativi e formativi, orientati dalla/verso/per la rigenerazione urbana bottom-up, possano rafforzare il senso di appartenenza alla comunità, l'empowerment e la cultura dell'apprendimento continuo di qualità nei soggetti, nei gruppi e nelle comunità coinvolti. La ricerca ha coinvolto il territorio di Firenze, in particolare scuole e cooperative sociali nei Quartieri 4 e 5 della città, rivolgendo l'attenzione ai contesti rionali come luoghi della valorizzazione dei margini.   [1] La ricerca dal titolo "La città come contesto e soggetto educativo nel Ventunesimo secolo. Pedagogia delle aree urbane: da spazi di crisi a luoghi della relazione" è condotta dall'autrice nell'ambito del Dottorato di ricerca in Scienze della Formazione e Psicologia dell'Università degli Studi di Firenze, XXXVII ciclo, Tutor supervisore Prof.ssa Vanna Boffo.
Intelligenza artificiale e formazione universitaria: una nuova frontiera di innovazione a supporto del percorso accademico
Authors: Bramley Davide Richard
Published: February 2025

La recente crisi pandemica provocata dalla diffusione del COVID-19 ha determinato un'escalation di rinnovato interessamento globale nei confronti di una progressiva digitalizzazione dei vari percorsi formativi. Infatti, grazie agli studi prodotti dalla comunità scientifica pedagogica, diversi contributi hanno messo in luce i vantaggi derivanti da una maggiore integrazione dell'e-learning all'interno delle università. Considerando la nuova frontiera dell'innovazione, determinata principalmente dai sistemi di Intelligenza Artificiale (AI), ci si domanda in quale misura queste nuove tecnologie innovative possano tradursi in interfacce utili per gli studenti. Attraverso il metodo della literature review verranno confrontate riflessioni e analisi condotte sia a livello nazionale che internazionale. L'obiettivo è un focus sul ruolo che queste interfacce potranno avere nei confronti di una personalizzazione maggiore dei percorsi formativi degli studenti, senza tralasciare i possibili rischi dietro un utilizzo integrato di questi tutor virtuali.
Teachers' perceptions on the introduction of Generative AI in schools: A mixed-method study on the opinions of 1,223 teachers in the Veneto Region, Italy
Authors: Petrucco Corrado , Favino Francesca , Conte Angela
Published: February 2025

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is gaining momentum in schools as a means of support to the teaching and learning process. However, its use poses several controversial questions, especially in lower school grades, and teachers might often face ethical or intellectual obstacles preventing them from using AI in their classes. This study explores the perceptions of a sample of 1,223 teachers across subjects of instruction from 572 schools in the regional context (nursery, primary, lower and upper secondary), using a mixed-method approach. Results suggest that there is a widespread confusion on the possible applications of GenAI in education, possibly leading to reduced teachers' intention to integrate these tools in their practices. Results also point towards a general need for more CPD on the topic. Age, level of school and subject of instruction were found to moderate the effect of teachers' perceived readiness to use GenAI. Regarding possible negative implementations of GenAI, teachers showed to have mixed opinions, from open contrast to unreserved enthusiasm. Limitations of the study and future research lines are also addressed.
Inclusive education in the age of AI: A critical perspective on policy guidelines through the lens of ecological-systemic theory of technological mediation
Authors: Cesaroni Valeria
Published: February 2025

Given the recent advancements in generative artificial intelligence, this paper examines the implications of generative artificial intelligence (AI) for educational systems, focusing on inclusion as a critical lens for understanding current political and theoretical trajectories in AI implementation in education. After providing an overview of the main soft policy documents developed by UNESCO in relation to AI and inclusion, the paper will highlight how the theoretical framework that emerges from these documents risks collapsing the theme of inclusion with that of integration and techno-solutionist views, which are inadequate both for understanding the socio-technical transformations driven by these technologies and for addressing the issue of inclusion. Subsequently, this paper employs the philosophical theory of technological mediation and a socio-technical analysis to examine the relationship between generative AI and human development, aiming to elucidate the connections among inclusion, social justice, and artificial intelligence.
Rischi e impatti psicologici della dipendenza dall'AI nelle nuove generazioni: una revisione narrativa della letteratura
Authors: Lavanga Andreana , Baldini Roberta , De Santis Alessandro , Mori Giorgio
Published: February 2025

L'integrazione dell'Intelligenza Artificiale (AI) nell'istruzione sta trasformando il modo in cui gli studenti apprendono, offrendo opportunità di personalizzazione e automazione dei processi educativi (Hendrycks et al., 2023). Tuttavia, l'eccessivo utilizzo di queste tecnologie comporta rischi psicologici significativi, soprattutto per le nuove generazioni. L'obiettivo di questa review narrativa è offrire uno stato dell'arte sull'impatto psicologico dell'AI nell'istruzione, evidenziando sia i benefici che i rischi ad essa associati. Per evitare effetti negativi, si propone un approccio equilibrato all'uso dell'AI, con strategie che includono lo sviluppo di programmi di alfabetizzazione digitale, l'uso etico e trasparente dell'AI e l'insegnamento di competenze metacognitive che permettano agli studenti di valutare criticamente il ruolo dell'AI nel loro apprendimento. Così sarà possibile sfruttare al meglio i benefici dell'AI senza compromettere lo sviluppo cognitivo e psicologico degli studenti (Kamalov e Gurrib, 2023; Sánchez-Prieto et al., 2020; Bulut et al., 2024; Abbas et al., 2023). Le fasi della ricerca sono articolate in: ricerca bibliografica attraverso motori di ricerca scientifici; selezione degli articoli in base ai criteri d'inclusione; analisi critica degli outcomes ottenuti. I risultati suddivisi in differenti aree tematiche suggeriscono possibili strategie di fronteggiamento.
Alleanza tra eSport e Intelligenza Artificiale Generativa. Analisi dei principali videogiochi competitivi attraverso una rubrica di valutazione.
Authors: D'Aprile Cristiana
Published: February 2025

Il presente elaborato mostra i dati ottenuti da una ricerca svolta con lo scopo di tracciare il legame che unisce l'apprendimento e gli egaming, considerando nel processo di studio l'importanza dei recenti progressi digitali dettati dalla società contemporanea. L'esponenziale crescita tecnologica e l'avvento dell'Intelligenza Artificiale (AI), degli ultimi anni, hanno modificato il modo di giocare, conservando comunque un'importanza strategica nello sviluppo mentale, formativo, emotivo e sociale, sia a scuola sia in spazi informali. A tal proposito, l'obiettivo del saggio è quella di esplorare, attraverso una rubrica valutativa, specificatamente costruita, come l'Intelligenza Artificiale Generativa (AIGen) applicata ai moderni eSport, abbia un alto valore pedagogico e formativo per gli studenti di scuola primaria e secondaria, migliorando l'impatto sulla progettazione della narrazione ludica, l'allenamento dei giocatori e l'esperienza di chi si limita ad osservare.
Innovazioni in classe: come l'IA sta trasformando l'insegnamento e l'apprendimento
Authors: Berardinetti Valentina , Santangelo Francesco Antonio , Traetta Luigi
Published: February 2025

In un mondo nel quale il digitale cede sempre più spazio all'intelligenza artificiale (IA), in particolare a quella generativa, le scuole e le università si trovano a dover riflettere sull'impatto di queste trasformazioni nelle metodologie didattiche e nelle diverse modalità di apprendimento. Il presente contributo, attraverso le evidenze emerse dagli studi sul tema e la presentazione di un chatbot messo a punto dal Learning Sciences institute, team di ricerca dell'Università di Foggia, intende esplorare le opportunità e i limiti che l'intelligenza artificiale offre a studenti e docenti, con l'obiettivo di individuare quali strategie adottare affinché l'IA supporti questi ultimi senza sostituirli. Partendo da questo interrogativo, si esaminano una serie di buone pratiche da implementare nel mondo dell'istruzione, al fine di promuovere una formazione condivisa tra più attori e innovare una scuola sempre più inclusiva e all'avanguardia.
James Dean, Paul Simon, and Madonna. Rebels With Social Causes
Authors: Stramaglia Massimiliano , Farina Tommaso
Published: February 2025

Every artist is the bearer of his own, innate, and original expressive logic (Weber, 2006). An archaic thought that, in taking shape and extrinsicity, brings out the innermost states of mind of those who choose to measure themselves with art, not only performance art. What emerges from such an approach is the possibility, in a process of self-identification, to represent a symbol for entire generations and segments of the population within a society. Artists can embody the "sense of community", or what Sarason (1974) defined as the perception of similarity with others, the increased interdependence with others and the willingness to maintain this interdependence by offering or doing for others what is expected of them. The feeling, then, of being part of a fully reliable and stable social structure. This paper, by analyzing from a socio-psycho-pedagogical point of view the figures of three different global artists – James Dean, Paul Simon, and Madonna –, aims to emphasize how the rebellion and emotional impulse typical of the creative mind can also be associated with specific social causes, representing intergenerational role-models and figures with high pedagogical-emancipatory power.
Determinants and Academic Performance: The Role of Prerequisites in University Achievement
Authors: Ballatore Maria Giulia , Tabacco Anita
Published: February 2025

This study examines the relationship between incoming preparation and academic performance of engineering freshmen at Politecnico di Torino, within the context of transformative and sustainable processes in higher education. Based on a sample of 3,739 students, the research evaluates the predictive validity of the entrance exam (Test In Laib - TIL) and the national state exam (Esame di Stato – EdS), considering variables such as gender, geographical origin, and scholastic background. The results show a significant correlation between TIL scores and the university credits earned in the first year, highlighting the importance of the TIL in predicting academic success, while EdS scores are not correlated with performance. Students from scientific high schools and regions outside the North-West obtain higher TIL scores, indicating disparities in preparation. Gender differences also emerge: males achieve slightly higher TIL scores, while females score higher on the EdS. Binary logistic and quantile regression analyses confirm the effectiveness of the TIL as a predictive tool, suggesting the need to revise orientation and admission policies to better support students' transition from school to university. These results are crucial for refining educational strategies, better aligning students' preparation with academic and professional demands, contributing to reducing dropout rates and improving academic success.
Percepirsi Efficaci Rispetto al Profilo di Uscita del Cds in Scienze dell'Educazione. Costruzione e Validazione di uno Strumento in uno Studio Pilota
Authors: Bertoli Roberta
Published: February 2025

Nelle fasi di transizione della vita di ogni soggetto e in particolare con l'ingresso nel mondo del lavoro, il percepirsi competenti diventa un elemento essenziale così come nel processo di costruzione dell'identità professionale. L'occasione del tirocinio per futuri educatori si configura come strumento che promuove competenze e permette di conoscere la specificità dei contesti lavorativi. Nel presente contributo viene presentato uno studio pilota che ha previsto la costruzione e la validazione di una scala dell'autoefficacia in relazione alle competenze attese in uscita dai CdS classe L-19. Le analisi descrittive, di dimensionalità, di validità e di affidabilità hanno evidenziato buone proprietà dello strumento. La scala qui presentata è volta anche a promuovere negli studenti processi riflessivi e autovalutativi in relazione al profilo di uscita dal percorso accademico.
Il Service Learning in area giuridica: l'esperienza dell'Università di Verona
Authors: Mortari Luigina , Silva Roberta , Bevilacqua Alessia , Cordiano Alessandra
Published: February 2025

Il Service Learning (SL) è una metodologia didattica che consente di integrare l'apprendimento accademico con il servizio alla comunità, promuovendo una connessione pratica tra teoria e prassi. Basato sul pensiero di Dewey, il SL enfatizza la riflessione critica e il servizio come contributo alla società, sviluppando competenze professionali e trasversali come il problem-solving e il teamwork, incoraggiando una visione civica e sociale complessa. Nello specifico ambito delle scienze giuridiche, essa consente agli studenti di confrontarsi con problemi reali, sviluppando una conoscenza pratica del diritto e una forte identità professionale, oltre a promuovere una visione olistica e collaborativa della disciplina legale. Il progetto Erasmus+ "Mobilising university-community resources through SL for the inclusion of migrants/refugees" ne rappresenta un esempio attuativo. Esso si propone di affrontare le sfide dell'inclusione sociale in Europa tramite il SL, coinvolgendo università ed enti locali nella creazione di reti di sostegno interconnesse finalizzate da un lato al supporto di persone migranti e rifugiate, dall'altro ad uno sviluppo professionale riflessivo degli studenti universitari.
"T". Il suono dell'assenza, il ritmo della vita
Authors: Guerrera Anna , Perica Maria Cristina
Published: February 2025

Questo è il percorso di una caduta, di una perdita e di come una famiglia riesce a ricomporsi, a riconnettere le parti di ognuno dei membri e a ritrovare una narrazione generativa. L'esperienza ipnotica connessa a una trance sportiva guida la protagonista in un percorso di adattamento, di crescita e di maturazione.
Cracking the Code: Examining Psychometric Rigor of the Provider Decision Process Assessment Instrument (PDPAI) among Residents' Trainees and Expert Physicians
Authors: Younas Sana , Khanum Saeeda
Published: February 2025

The realm of healthcare decision-making remains inadequately explored, specifically in assessing the psychometric characteristics of tools like the Provider Decision Process Assessment Instrument (PDPAI). This study aims to fill this void by examining decisional conflict among resident trainees and experienced consultant physicians. We approached a total of 347 physicians using a convenient sampling method from tertiary care hospitals. The analysis encompassed (i) factorial validity of PDPAI through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and evaluating the single group CFA models and (ii) multigroup CFA models, (iii) examining factorial invariance among residents' trainees and experienced physicians' groups, (iv) Rasch analysis assessing the individual item impact on the subdomains, (v) internal consistency (vi) convergent and discriminant validity. The bi-factor model adequately fit the data as all factor loadings (0.44-0.70) were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The bifactor model supported the global construct or the sub-domains as suitable measurement models. The PDPAI showed invariance for use across two physician groups. Physicians encountered greatest difficulty in item "I was clear what treatment would be best for this patient." [MNSQ Infit/Outfit: 1.327/1.278] and found the easiest item "It was easy to identify all of the considerations that affect the decision" [0.902/0.869]. Adequate internal consistency was revealed through Cronbach and Omega coefficient values. Convergent and discriminant validity of PDPAI was supported by correlating with team decisionmaking questionnaire and compassion fatigue respectively. The PDPAI's validated cross-group invariance highlights it's applicability to a diverse range of physician groups, guiding tailored interventions.
The Strange Case of Mr. Manoilescu in Italy
Authors: Bientinesi Fabrizio
Published: February 2025

This contribution focuses on the reception in Italy, with respect to the international debate, of Mihail Manoilescu's work, particularly his The Theory of Protection and International Trade. Despite some appreciation, his work was sharply criticized by both mainstream-trained economists and those closer to the regime. The episode offers an interesting example of the biases present in the debate on economic issues in the fascist era.
The Italian Transition 1989-1994: A View from Abroad
Authors: Masini Fabio , Nania Albertina , Sacco Veronica
Published: February 2025

How did the international economic circles look at the multiple crises that Italy faced between 1989 and 1994? This paper provides a tentative answer to this question by reconstructing the comments published in The Economist during that period concerning the most relevant Italian events: the mafia and Camorra massacres, the referendum and electoral changes, the crisis of the development model based on corporate and familistic capitalism, privatizations (promised and never fully implemented, at least not as the international markets would have hoped). Through the analysis of those years, we shall highlight the critical issues of a country that, seen from the outside, missed the opportunity for its modernization.
ПРО ДЕЯКІ ЗМІСТОВНІ ЕЛЕМЕНТИ КРИМІНОЛОГІЧНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ АДВОКАТА ЯК СУБ’ЄКТА ЗАПОБІГАННЯ КРИМІНАЛЬНИМ ПРАВОПОРУШЕННЯМ В УКРАЇНІ
Authors: Дудко Є. В.
Published: February 2025

У даній науковій статті з’ясовано зміст і сутність діяльності адвоката у контексті суб’єкта запобігання злочинам, визначені існуючі у зв’язку з цим проблеми та здійснено кримінологічну оцінку потенційних можливостей зазначеного учасника у кримінальному провадженні та протидії вказаним суспільно небезпечним діянням.
Зокрема, встановлено, що адвокат, займаючись індивідуальною та діяльністю в складі органів адвокатського самоврядування, має процесуальну самостійність і незалежність у прийнятті юридично важливих рішень, що стосуються кримінального провадження, а також має значні потенційні можливості щодо запобігання суспільно небезпечним діянням як щодо підозрюваних і обвинувачених, так і відносно інших суб’єктів кримінального процесу, що варто враховувати при здійсненні відповідних заходів кримінологічно значущих, спрямованих на удосконалення правового механізму з означених питань.
Крім цього, визначено, що досі адвокати у певній мірі детермінують зниження ефективності захисту осіб у кримінальному провадженні, зокрема, не з’являючись без поважних причин для проведення передбачених у законі слідчих (розшукових) дій, а також у судові засідання, а у випадках надання безоплатної допомоги здійснюють її формально та безініціативно, що, у свою чергу, не дозволяє належним чином реагувати на причини і умови, які сприяють вчиненню як окремих кримінальних правопорушень, так і злочинності в Україні в цілому.
Виходячи з цього, у зазначеній роботі доведена необхідність підвищення на всіх рівнях (законодавчому, правозастосовному, організаційному, т. ін.) ролі та  місця адвоката у здійсненні саме кримінологічної діяльності цього суб’єкта запобігання злочинам.
Такий підхід ґрунтується на фундаментальних наукових дослідженнях кримінологічного характеру, одним із результатів яких є здійснена ученими класифікація суб’єктів запобіжної діяльності, а також встановлена у зв’язку з цим соціально-правова природа кожного із них, правові можливості та ефективність у загальній системі запобігання та протидії злочинності.
Враховуючи зазначене, у цій науковій статті не тільки визначені основні змістовні елементи кримінологічної діяльності адвоката, як суб’єкта запобігання кримінальним правопорушенням, але й доведено її теоретичне і практичне значення, у контексті існуючих на сьогодні проблем запобігання і протидії вчиненню кримінальних правопорушень в Україні, особливо в ході конкретного кримінального провадження.
ПРОБЛЕМНІ ПИТАННЯ РОЗСЛІДУВАННЯ ШАХРАЙСТВ, ВЧИНЕНИХ З ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ ЦИФРОВИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ
Authors: І. І. Липкан В. В.  Топчій,
Published: February 2025

У статті розглянуто проблемні питання розслідування кібершахрайств. Доведено, що вдосконалення комп’ютерної техніки та цифрових носіїв інформації ставить нові виклики перед судовими експертами, які працюють з цифровими доказами. Зокрема, збільшення обсягів даних для аналізу, використання складних систем захисту інформації та впровадження новітніх технологій у пристрої створюють необхідність у застосуванні сучасних методів і інструментів. Тому експерти, що працюють в даній галузі повинні вміти визначати ключові аспекти для аналізу серед величезного обсягу інформації, використовувати логічні схеми для пошуку зв'язків між різними типами даних, мати поглиблені знання з розуміння принципів функціонування комп’ютерних систем, мереж та цифрових пристроїв, використовувати новітні інструменти у вигляді сучасного програмного забезпечення для вилучення, аналізу та відновлення даних (наприклад, EnCase, FTK, X-Ways). Запропоновано такі напрями вдосконалення експертної діяльності в сфері кібершахрайств: підвищення кваліфікації фахівців з організацією регулярних тренінгів, семінарів та курсів для слідчих, оперативників та експертів та залученням міжнародних експертів для обміну досвідом; оснащення сучасним обладнанням (закупівля програмних продуктів для аналізу цифрових слідів, таких як EnCase, FTK та інших), а також забезпечення лабораторій необхідними апаратними комплексами; стандартизація процедур вилучення та зберігання доказів, що дотягнеться за допомогою впровадження уніфікованих інструкцій для слідчих щодо вилучення, пакування та транспортування цифрових носіїв, а також розробка інфраструктури для зберігання цифрових доказів; розвиток співпраці з міжнародними організаціями у вигляді спільної роботи з міжнародними експертними центрами для отримання методик і технологій дослідження. Реалізація зазначених заходів може значно підвищити якість розслідування кібершахрайств та ефективність судових експертиз в Україні.
USDA Reports on Land Values and County-Level Cash Rent Estimates in Nebraska for 2024
Authors: Jansen Jim
Published: February 2025

Survey findings from the USDA-National Agricultural Statistics Service (USDA-NASS) estimated that the value of Nebraska farm real estate, which includes all agricultural land and buildings, increased by 6.8% in 2024, to an average of $4,080 per acre (Figure 1). The year-over-year changes reflect an increase of $260 for this annual period (USDA-NASS 2024a). Florida and Tennessee lead the nation with the highest growth rates in farmland market value at 13.4% and 10.7%, with average market values of $8,300 and $5,710 per acre, respectively. Nebraska ranks 13th for the percentage increase in farm real estate compared to other states in 2024.
Identifying the collector practices that shape spatial, temporal, and taxonomic bias in herbaria
Authors: Schmidt Ryan , Davis Charles , Struwe Lena , Saban Kristen
Published: February 2025

Natural history collections (NHCs) are essential for studying biodiversity. While spatial, temporal, and taxonomic biases in NHCs affect analyses, the influence of collector practices on biases remains largely unexplored. We utilized one million digitized specimens collected in the northeastern United States from 237 herbaria and analyzed contributions from ~10,000 collectors. We investigated (a) similarities and differences between more- and less-prolific collectors, and (b) how these practices influence spatial, temporal, and taxonomic biases. We identified six common collector practices, or collection norms: collectors generally collected (a) different species, (b) from multiple locations, (c) from sites sampled by others, (d) during the principal growing season, (e) species identifiable outside peak collecting months, and (f) species from species-poor families and genera. Some norms changed over decades, with different taxa favored during different periods. Collection norms have increased taxonomic coverage in NHCs, however, collectors typically avoided large, taxonomically-complex groups, causing their underrepresentation in NHCs. Less-prolific collectors greatly enhanced coverage by collecting during more months and from less-sampled locations. We assert that overall collection biases are shaped by shared predictable collection norms rather than random practices of individual collectors. Predictable biases offer an opportunity to more effectively address biases in future biodiversity models.
Efectos en el sistema nervioso de recién nacidos por consumo de cocaína en la vida intrauterina
Authors:   Universidad de Cartagena, Arias Quiroz Kevin Josué , Pastrana Arias Ariel Enrique
Published: February 2025

Si bien en la actualidad no es que ese vean muchos casos de niños afectados por el consumo de la droga durante la vida intra uterina, pero cada vez se es más frecuente por lo cual es un tema de investigación importante. Para que se hagan de cuanto está aumentando el consumo en mujeres en edad fértil algún tipo de sustancia en Colombia, el Observatorio de Drogas de Colombia (ODC) reportó un aumentó en un 3,5% en el consumo de sustancias como marihuana, pasta básica de coca, éxtasis o heroína en las personas entre los 15 y 65 años. Desde hace muchos años se han descrito numerosos efectos secundarios, aunque la inconsistencia de los hallazgos y los problemas metodológicos unidos a los problemas de seguimiento a largo plazo de los estudios realizados hacen que la evidencia no sea convincente y que sean precisos nuevos estudios que tengan en cuenta otros factores del entorno fetal. Se identificaron 6 artículos de interés basados en la toxicidad de la cocaína en los hijos de madres consumidoras, con el fin de identificar los efectos y secuelas neurológicas que se producen tanto en la vida uterina como en el recién nacido y su desarrollo en la vida. La cocaína tiene diferentes efectos en el sistema nervioso central a consecuencia de su mecanismo, inhibiendo la recaptación y estimulando la liberación de dopamina y otras monoaminas endógenas: adrenalina, noradrenalina y en menor grado serotonina. La estimulación del Sistema Nervioso Simpático explica la presentación clínica en la intoxicación aguda: síndrome simpáticomimético (excitación psicomotriz, midriasis o dilatación de pupilas, aumento de la frecuencia cardíaca y de la presión arterial, arritmias cardíacas, convulsiones, isquemia miocárdica, cerebral y menos frecuentemente en otros órganos, por vasoespasmo arterial). Por ende, esta sustancia es una de las mas adictivas y su consumo se ha incrementado con los años, así cada día se ven más paciente consumidores crónicos que requieren de un tratamiento.
Analyzing The Effect of Financial Ratio on Financial Distress Using The Logistic Regression Method in Manufacturing Companies
Authors: Putri Windi Marnizal , Irsan Maria Yus Trinity
Published: February 2025

Financial distress is a company that has difficulty paying its obligations, so it cannot carry out business as usual and may experience bankruptcy. This study aims to analyse the factors that influence the possibility of financial distress by considering financial ratios as indicators to predict the occurrence of financial distress in manufacturing companies in Indonesia. Four independent variables which are financial ratios include Current Ratio, Debt Ratio, Return on Assets (ROA), and Working Capital Turnover. In comparison, the dependent variable is financial distress. This study uses the Altman Z-score model and the data analysis method used is logistic regression analysis. Where logistic regression is one of the statistical analysis methods used to represent the relationship between independent variables and dependent variables containing nominal and ordinal data. The population used in this study includes manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the 2015-2019 period. The sample was determined by the purposing sampling technique. The results showed that not all financial ratios can have a significant effect on the occurrence of Financial Distress. In the results that have been analysed, it is found that Current Ratio does not have a significant positive effect on Financial Distress, Debt Ratio does not have a significant effect on Financial Distress, Return on Assets (ROA) has a significant positive effect on Financial Distress, and the last financial ratio Working Capital Turnover has a significant negative effect on Financial Distress.
PENERAPAN TEKNOLOGI BUDIDAYA JAGUNG DAN PASCAPANENNYA DI DESA PUCAK KEC. TOMPOBULU KAB. MAROS
Authors: Rosada Ida , Saida Saida
Published: February 2025

The Bulo Sibatang farmer group in Pucak Village, Tompobulu District, Maros Regency mostly plant corn and rice. The problem faced by the Farmers Group is the low productivity of the corn planted due to low soil fertility and pest and disease attacks and no post-harvest technology efforts have been made. This activity aims to provide knowledge and skills for the community, especially the Bulo Sibatang farmer groups in utilizing cultivation technology on corn plants and corn post-harvest technology. The methods used in implementing the PkM Program for the Community are counselling, training, demonstration plots, and mentoring. The results of this internal community service activity are (1) the material provided in counselling and training activities is the knowledge and skills needed by farmer groups to overcome problems in the use of organic fertilizers in corn cultivation, (2) farmers participating in counselling and training to apply the knowledge and skills gained in this activity in the use of organic fertilizers in corn cultivation and postharvest. The application of knowledge and skills increases land productivity and increases maize crop production and postharvest treatment. (3) This community service activity received a positive response from the participants and hoped that activities like this would be sustainable and sustainable.
From the Pole to the Equator: Encounters with the Nonhuman in Nineteenth-Century Italian Narratives of Polar Exploration
Authors: Lolla Maria Grazia
Published: February 2025

This paper examines depictions of wildlife in accounts of Italian polar exploration—both factual and fictive—at the turn of the 20th century, applying a posthumanist ecocritical perspective to a cultural imaginary encompassing Emilio Salgari’s adventure writings as well as colonial exploration’s science and practice. It begins with two sources revealing an era of exploration marked by implicit animal violence: avant-garde filmmakers Yervant Gianikian and Angela Ricci Lucchi’s Dal polo all’equatore (1986), a reframed version of colonial footage by Luca Comerio, and the chronicle of the Italian North Pole expedition led by the Duke of Abruzzi (1899–1901). Comparative analysis then turns to Salgari’s polar fiction, re-evaluated here as an aspirational vision privileging wildlife observation. I argue for a recalibration of human-animal interactions, highlighting how figurations of accounts of human animal cruelty and animal awareness interweave with the actions of explorers who alternately harmed or protected wildlife.
Language teaching and translation: A case of (ir)reconcilable differences?
Authors: Muñoz Gómez Estefanía
Published: February 2025

Although the debates surrounding the relationship between language teaching and translation are by no means new, they remain topical, given the global nature of current social, political and economic networks. While the value of translation in the language classroom has long been recognised, it continues to be commonly framed as a tool to assist the language learning process. Similarly, language proficiency is still widely seen as a prerequisite to the development of translation skills rather than a core element of the practice. Pedagogical translation and translation in dedicated training programmes are therefore conceptualised as fundamentally unrelated activities, a perspective which unproductively appears to ignore their common interlingual communicative objective. This essay presents an overview of the traditional divide between these two assumed forms of translating and encourages reassessing the assumptions underlying the theoretical concepts of communicative and translation competence. Commenting on the specific context of Ireland as an example of skills supply and demand imbalance, this paper calls for a greater focus to be placed on the translational nature of multilingual communication as the needs for cultural and linguistic mediation continue to grow and evolve in an increasingly technologically driven market.
Freedom of Transit: A right for transit traffic to move across borders?
Authors: Shumba Willie
Published: February 2025

The world has become a global village, and various efforts have been made to facilitate trade, including transit traffic. In international trade, transit involves the movement of goods to the destination through third-party countries. Landlocked countries experience challenges in that they access trade with the rest of the world through seaports belonging to other territories. The freedom to transit through third party countries is therefore an important avenue that has gained traction in facilitating global trade. The freedom to transit is a concept that has evolved and improved over the years. This paper examines the efforts taken by international treaties to facilitate the movement of goods in transit: starting with the Barcelona Convention and Statute on Freedom of Transit of 1921, then the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, and lately, the Trade Facilitation Agreement of the World Trade Organisation. The paper analyses the progressive liberalisation of the transit regime over a century and brings out the impact that has been contributed to international trade. The study established that the Barcelona Convention on Transit provided the foundation, while Article V of GATT 1994 built upon that foundation. The Trade Facilitation Agreement represents the latest effort to facilitate traffic in transit.
Safety and quality of food chicken eggs during production and circulation in some farms of central Ukraine
Authors: Lyasota V. , Bogatko N. , Bukalova N. , Mazur T. , Hitska O. , Dzhmil V. , Bogatko A. , Tkachuk S. , Prilipko T.
Published: February 2025

Ukraine's accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) will have a positive effect on the development of the egg industry in our country. Despite the difficult times, the state will still have prerequisites for capacity building and modernization of enterprises. The purpose of the research is to establish quality indicators, to characterize the safety of chicken eggs from different Ukrainian producers, and to develop food product testing methods. Research methods: analytical, organoleptic, physical, microbiological, toxicological, variational and statistical. It was established that edible chicken eggs met the requirements of the current DSTU 5028:2009 according to organoleptic indicators. When conducting microbiological tests of chicken eggs, the presence of pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms was not detected. When determining the content of residues of veterinary drugs and pollutants (toxic elements, mycotoxins, antibiotics and hormonal drugs) in chicken eggs, exceeding the maximum permissible levels (MRL) was not established. Determination of the optical density indicators of protein and yolk of chicken eggs made it possible to characterize their quality more deeply. The developed express methods of determining the quality of food chicken eggs, in particular the optical density of the protein and yolk by the photometric method, had a reliability of 99.9% in the obtained indicators compared to other indicators specified in the national standard. Thus, the expediency of monitoring the quality indicators of food chicken eggs during production and circulation (storage in wholesale bases and sale in supermarkets, stores, etc.) according to current national legislation and the development of express methods of controlling the quality of protein and yolk by photometric methods have been scientifically substantiated and experimentally proven.
Key words: food industry, poultry farming, organoleptic, physicochemical, chemical, technological indicators, safety, quality, food product, consumer.
Influencia del naciente Ecuador en la construcción de un estado libre e independiente
Authors: Flores Flores Cynthia Monserrath , Toala Tubon Lissette Mireya
Published: February 2025

El naciente Ecuador representa un momento crucial en la historia de América Latina, marcado por la lucha por la independencia y la formación de una identidad nacional. Este proceso culminó el 13 de mayo de 1830, cuando la región, anteriormente parte de la Gran Colombia, se proclamó como una república autónoma. La independencia ecuatoriana fue parte de un contexto más amplio de movimientos independentistas en Sudamérica, impulsados por ideales de libertad y autodeterminación surgidos a finales del siglo XVIII. La Batalla de Pichincha, el 24 de mayo de 1822, fue fundamental para liberar Quito del control español. La inestabilidad en España, exacerbada por la invasión de Napoleón, creó un vacío de poder que permitió a los criollos reclamar sus derechos. Tras la independencia, Ecuador se unió a la Gran Colombia, pero las crisis políticas llevaron a su desintegración y a la creación de un nuevo Estado. La primera Constitución se promulgó el 22 de septiembre de 1830, estableciendo las bases del nuevo gobierno. Sin embargo, la república enfrentó desafíos significativos, incluyendo tensiones políticas internas y divisiones regionales. La economía, centrada en la agricultura, reflejaba desigualdades sociales que complicaron la construcción de una identidad nacional unificada. La investigación de estos orígenes es vital para comprender las dinámicas actuales del Ecuador y sus retos históricos, ofreciendo así una perspectiva integral sobre su evolución como nación.
Impacto de la enfermedad de Lyme en caninos y su relación con la salud humana
Authors: Alburquerque Mañay Grace Kelly , Torres Perez Jimmy Efrén , Gómez Villalva Juan Carlos
Published: February 2025

Antecedentes: La enfermedad de Lyme, una zoonosis emergente, representa una creciente preocupación tanto para la salud animal como humana. Método: La investigación documental revisa el impacto de la enfermedad de Lyme en caninos y explora su relación con la salud pública, abordando los síntomas, métodos de diagnóstico y opciones de tratamiento en perros, así como los mecanismos de transmisión zoonótica que vinculan a los caninos con la infección en humanos. Resultados: Se presentan resultados de estudios epidemiológicos recientes que destacan el aumento en la prevalencia de la enfermedad en distintas regiones del mundo, junto con los avances en diagnóstico, tratamiento y estrategias de prevención. Conclusiones: La investigación subraya la necesidad de una vigilancia continua y medidas preventivas robustas para mitigar los riesgos asociados a esta enfermedad. Finalmente, se ofrecen recomendaciones para veterinarios, propietarios de mascotas y autoridades sanitarias, enfocadas en la prevención y control de la enfermedad de Lyme.
Study of the rational step of the concentration horizon transfer with a steeply inclined conveyor at the Muruntau pit
Authors: Sobko B , Lozhnikov O , Chebanov M , Tukhtashev A , Giyazov O
Published: February 2025

Goal. Determination of the rational step of transferring the concentration horizon by installing a steeply inclined conveyor lift at the Muruntau pit.

Methodology. Analytical, statistical, and graph-analytical research methods were used in the work's performance. A feasibility analysis method was used to calculate the effective travel distance of a steeply inclined conveyor.

Research results. The analysis of the application of cyclical flow technology in deep pits using combined road and conveyor haulage was carried out. At the same time, road truck haulage is used as the first link transport in the pit. It delivers the mining rock mass from the excavator faces to the concentration horizons with the overloading of the mining mass on the conveyor elevators. The advantages of using cyclic flow technology with steeply inclined conveyor elevators are given. The influence of the moving step on the concentration horizon on the auxiliary cost of works on its construction has been established. The results show that the most rational step is moving the concentration horizon, based on the initial data for the Muruntau gold pit, which will be 800–1000 m. It is in this range that the cost of the relocation work will be the lowest.

Scientific novelty. The studies that were conducted made it possible to establish the dependence of the moving step of the concentration horizon on the auxiliary cost of works on its construction in the conditions of development of the Muruntau gold pit. Second-order equations describe the resulting dependencies with a high degree of accuracy. It was established that the most rational distance for moving the concentration horizon would be 800–1000 m, according to the available initial data. Using this transfer distance, the work cost will be 2,220–3,469 million USD, which is 4–6.25 times less than the cost from the concentration horizon transfer of 2000 m.

Practical significance. The research results made it possible to justify the rational step of transferring the concentration horizon. The cost of auxiliary works affecting the distance and volumes of mining rock mass haulage to the concentration horizon with its transfer in the Muruntau pit has been established.
Utilization of carbon dioxide during borehole underground coal gasification
Authors: Saik P , Falshtynskyi V
Published: February 2025

Purpose. To develop an innovative approach for carbon dioxide utilization during the borehole underground gasification of coal at the SE “Lvivvuhillia”.

Methods. The determination of stratification cavity parameters in the rock mass during underground coal gasification was based on analytical studies. These studies employed the method of stress-strain state calculation of rock layers implemented in the “GeoDynamics Lite” software. This method involves obtaining geometric and physical distribution parameters for characteristic rock layers from the coal seam to the surface. Input data for the research included data on the geological and mining conditions of coal seams and the technological parameters of the mining operations.

Findings. Analysis of the rock layers’ geometric and physical load parameters confirmed the expansion of abnormal pressure zones in the rock mass. It was established that these parameters change from the coal seam to the surface, both toward the rock mass and in the direction of the gasified cavity as the combustion face advances. These dynamic changes in the roof structure promote the formation of stratification cavities, which can be used as localized sites for efficient carbon dioxide sequestration.

Originality. The dependencies of changes in the dimensions of stratification cavities in the rocks of roof above an underground gasifier on the rate of combustible face advance have been established. Taking this dependency into account allows for predicting the degree of carbon dioxide utilization in technologically created cavities.

Practical implications. For the Chervonohrad mine, the parameters of stratification cavities within the rock mass at seams n7n, n7 and n7v levels during the gasification of seam n7n were determined. These findings allow for the assessment of carbon dioxide utilization volumes in the future.
Numerical spatial groundwarer flow model of the Novotroitske flux limestone deposit
Authors: Tymoshchuk V , Zahrytsenko A , Sherstiuk Y , Chushkina I
Published: February 2025

The purpose of study is to analyze the current hydrodynamic mode of the Novotroitske deposit territory and to develop and verify the spatial groundwater flow model of the deposit.

The methods. A spatial model of the deposit was created using Modflow software, initial data arrays created based on the analysis of geological, hydrogeological and mining-technical characteristics of the deposit area. The adequacy of approximation the hydrodynamic conditions of the studied territory by the numerical model was approached during the stage of inverse problem solving (epignosis) in a transient flow on the stage of pitflooding.

Findings. In this study, the main factors that rule the hydrodynamic mode of groundwater flow within the area of Western-Dolomite and Limestone quarries are determined based on the analysis of data on the geological-hydrogeological and mining-geological conditions of the studied territory. General hydrodynamic layout of the studied territory is justified. Based on the conducted studies, a groundwater flow model that takes into account the specifics of the geological structure and hydrogeological conditions of the Novotroitske deposit was developed and verified.

The originality. The water balance component distribution of the groundwater flow mode of the Novotroitsky flux limestone deposit was defined based on the numerical simulationon the stage of pitflooding.

Practical implementation. Obtained data will make it possible to develop an optimal pit filling scheme considering hydrogeological conditions that minimizes the negative impact on the environment. Additionally, it will allow us to assess the risks of flooding of areas adjacent to the mining areas and to develop measures to prevent them. The results can be used to predict changes in hydrogeological conditions during the further development (or closure) of mining operations and be used as a scientific basis for the regulatory development in the field of environmental protection, for monitoring the environmental conditions and detecting violations of environmental legislation, which contributes to ensuring balanced development of the mining industry and environmental protection.