bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Contractility of temporal inverted internal limiting membrane flap after vitrectomy for macular hole
Authors: Hirata Akira , Mine Keiko , Hayashi Ken
Published: October 2021

We investigated the postoperative visual outcomes and morphological changes of the internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap, in patients who underwent the temporal inverted ILM flap technique for macular hole (MH). Between August 2018 and February 2020, 22 eyes of 22 patients with idiopathic or myopic MH who underwent vitrectomy with ILM flap were included in this study and followed-up for more than 6 months. Postoperative MH status, comparison of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) before and 6 months after surgery, changes in the ILM flap area at 1 and 6 months postoperatively, and the factors related to changes in ILM flap size, were analyzed. MH closure was achieved in all of the patients. The BCVA at 6 months postoperatively (0.18 ± 0.15) was significantly better than the preoperative BCVA of 0.63 ± 0.37 (P < 0.001, paired t test). The area of the ILM flap decreased significantly from 3.25 ± 1.27 mm2 at 1 month to 3.13 ± 1.23 mm2 at 6 months (P = 0.024, Wilcoxon signed-rank test). Two eyes showed an ILM flap contraction of more than 20%, and one eye required reoperation due to an increase in metamorphopsia and decreased visual acuity. Among age, sex, ILM flap area at 1 month, preoperative BCVA, and axial length, ILM flap contraction was correlated with patient age and ILM flap area. Although vitrectomy with the inverted ILM flap technique confers a good visual outcome, the ILM flap may contract in younger patients.
CDKN2A loss-of-function predicts immunotherapy resistance in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Gutiontov Stanley I. , Turchan William Tyler , Spurr Liam F. , Rouhani Sherin J. , Chervin Carolina Soto , Steinhardt George , Lager Angela M. , Wanjari Pankhuri , Malik Renuka , Connell Philip P. , Chmura Steven J. , Juloori Aditya , Hoffman Philip C. , Ferguson Mark K. , Donington Jessica S. , Patel Jyoti D. , Vokes Everett E. , Weichselbaum Ralph R. , Bestvina Christine M. , Segal Jeremy P. , Pitroda Sean P.
Published: October 2021

Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) improves outcomes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) though most patients progress. There are limited data regarding molecular predictors of progression. In particular, there is controversy regarding the role of CDKN2A loss-of-function (LOF) in ICB resistance. We analyzed 139 consecutive patients with advanced NSCLC who underwent NGS prior to ICB initiation to explore the association of CDKN2A LOF with clinical outcomes. 73% were PD-L1 positive (≥ 1%). 48% exhibited high TMB (≥ 10 mutations/megabase). CDKN2A LOF was present in 26% of patients and was associated with inferior PFS (multivariate hazard ratio [MVA-HR] 1.66, 95% CI 1.02–2.63, p = 0.041) and OS (MVA-HR 2.08, 95% CI 1.21–3.49, p = 0.0087) when compared to wild-type (WT) patients. These findings held in patients with high TMB (median OS, LOF vs. WT 10.5 vs. 22.3 months; p = 0.069) and PD-L1 ≥ 50% (median OS, LOF vs. WT 11.1 vs. 24.2 months; p = 0.020), as well as in an independent dataset. CDKN2A LOF vs. WT tumors were twice as likely to experience disease progression following ICB (46% vs. 21%; p = 0.021). CDKN2A LOF negatively impacts clinical outcomes in advanced NSCLC treated with ICB, even in high PD-L1 and high TMB tumors. This novel finding should be prospectively validated and presents a potential therapeutic target.
Goldilocks at the dawn of complex life: mountains might have damaged Ediacaran–Cambrian ecosystems and prompted an early Cambrian greenhouse world
Authors: Caxito Fabricio , Lana Cristiano , Frei Robert , Uhlein Gabriel J. , Sial Alcides N. , Dantas Elton L. , Pinto André G. , Campos Filippe C. , Galvão Paulo , Warren Lucas V. , Okubo Juliana , Ganade Carlos E.
Published: October 2021

We combine U–Pb in-situ carbonate dating, elemental and isotope constraints to calibrate the synergy of integrated mountain-basin evolution in western Gondwana. We show that deposition of the Bambuí Group coincides with closure of the Goiás-Pharusian (630–600 Ma) and Adamastor (585–530 Ma) oceans. Metazoans thrived for a brief moment of balanced redox and nutrient conditions. This was followed, however, by closure of the Clymene ocean (540–500 Ma), eventually landlocking the basin. This hindered seawater renewal and led to uncontrolled nutrient input, shallowing of the redoxcline and anoxic incursions, fueling positive productivity feedbacks and preventing the development of typical Ediacaran–Cambrian ecosystems. Thus, mountains provide the conditions, such as oxygen and nutrients, but may also preclude life development if basins become too restricted, characterizing a Goldilocks or optimal level effect. During the late Neoproterozoic-Cambrian fan-like transition from Rodinia to Gondwana, the newborn marginal basins of Laurentia, Baltica and Siberia remained open to the global sea, while intracontinental basins of Gondwana became progressively landlocked. The extent to which basin restriction might have affected the global carbon cycle and climate, e.g. through the input of gases such as methane that could eventually have collaborated to an early Cambrian greenhouse world, needs to be further considered.
Compartment specific regulation of sleep by mushroom body requires GABA and dopaminergic signaling
Authors: Driscoll Margaret , Buchert Steven N , Coleman Victoria , McLaughlin Morgan , Nguyen Amanda , Sitaraman Divya
Published: October 2021

Sleep is a fundamental behavioral state important for survival and is universal in animals with sufficiently complex nervous systems. As a highly conserved neurobehavioral state, sleep has been described in species ranging from jellyfish to humans. Biogenic amines like dopamine, serotonin and norepinephrine have been shown to be critical for sleep regulation across species but the precise circuit mechanisms underlying how amines control persistence of sleep, arousal and wakefulness remain unclear. The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, provides a powerful model system for the study of sleep and circuit mechanisms underlying state transitions and persistence of states to meet the organisms motivational and cognitive needs. In Drosophila, two neuropils in the central brain, the mushroom body (MB) and the central complex (CX) have been shown to influence sleep homeostasis and receive aminergic neuromodulator input critical to sleep–wake switch. Dopamine neurons (DANs) are prevalent neuromodulator inputs to the MB but the mechanisms by which they interact with and regulate sleep- and wake-promoting neurons within MB are unknown. Here we investigate the role of subsets of PAM-DANs that signal wakefulness and project to wake-promoting compartments of the MB. We find that PAM-DANs are GABA responsive and require GABAA-Rdl receptor in regulating sleep. In mapping the pathways downstream of PAM neurons innervating γ5 and β′2 MB compartments we find that wakefulness is regulated by both DopR1 and DopR2 receptors in downstream Kenyon cells (KCs) and mushroom body output neurons (MBONs). Taken together, we have identified and characterized a dopamine modulated sleep microcircuit within the mushroom body that has previously been shown to convey information about positive and negative valence critical for memory formation. These studies will pave way for understanding how flies balance sleep, wakefulness and arousal.
Frequency dispersion amplifies tsunamis caused by outer-rise normal faults
Authors: Baba Toshitaka , Chikasada Naotaka , Imai Kentaro , Tanioka Yuichiro , Kodaira Shuichi
Published: October 2021

Although tsunamis are dispersive water waves, hazard maps for earthquake-generated tsunamis neglect dispersive effects because the spatial dimensions of tsunamis are much greater than the water depth, and dispersive effects are generally small. Furthermore, calculations that include non-dispersive effects tend to predict higher tsunamis than ones that include dispersive effects. Although non-dispersive models may overestimate the tsunami height, this conservative approach is acceptable in disaster management, where the goal is to save lives and protect property. However, we demonstrate that offshore frequency dispersion amplifies tsunamis caused by outer-rise earthquakes, which displace the ocean bottom downward in a narrow area, generating a dispersive short-wavelength and pulling-dominant (water withdrawn) tsunami. We compared observational evidence and calculations of tsunami for a 1933 Mw 8.3 outer-rise earthquake along the Japan Trench. Dispersive (Boussinesq) calculations predicted significant frequency dispersion in the 1933 tsunami. The dispersive tsunami deformation offshore produced tsunami inundation heights that were about 10% larger than those predicted by non-dispersive (long-wave) calculations. The dispersive tsunami calculations simulated the observed tsunami inundation heights better than did the non-dispersive tsunami calculations. Contrary to conventional practice, we conclude that dispersive calculations are essential when preparing deterministic hazard maps for outer-rise tsunamis.
Infants differentially extract rules from language
Authors: Berent Iris , de la Cruz-Pavía Irene , Brentari Diane , Gervain Judit
Published: October 2021

Infants readily extract linguistic rules from speech. Here, we ask whether this advantage extends to linguistic stimuli that do not rely on the spoken modality. To address this question, we first examine whether infants can differentially learn rules from linguistic signs. We show that, despite having no previous experience with a sign language, six-month-old infants can extract the reduplicative rule (AA) from dynamic linguistic signs, and the neural response to reduplicative linguistic signs differs from reduplicative visual controls, matched for the dynamic spatiotemporal properties of signs. We next demonstrate that the brain response for reduplicative signs is similar to the response to reduplicative speech stimuli. Rule learning, then, apparently depends on the linguistic status of the stimulus, not its sensory modality. These results suggest that infants are language-ready. They possess a powerful rule system that is differentially engaged by all linguistic stimuli, speech or sign.
Immune checkpoint molecule expression is altered in the skin and peripheral blood in vasculitis
Authors: Miyabe Chie , Dong Yupeng , Ikeda Takaharu , Takahashi Kazuo , Miyabe Yoshishige , Kawakami Tamihiro
Published: October 2021

Dysfunction of immunoinhibitory signals and persistent T cell activation reportedly play important roles in the development of vasculitis. The skin is one of the most accessible organs, and it is suitable for the characterization of immune cell signatures. However, the inhibitory checkpoint molecules in the skin and their relevance to vasculitis have not been studied. Here, we investigated the profile of immune checkpoint molecules in the skin and peripheral blood of patients with vasculitis and healthy donors. We found that some of the inhibitory checkpoint molecules, including programmed cell death 1 receptor (PD-1), were elevated in T-cells in the blood of patients with systemic and cutaneous vasculitis. In addition, programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression was elevated in the skin of patients with cutaneous vasculitis. Histologically, PD-L1 was highly expressed in the vessels in the skin along with CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell infiltration in patients with cutaneous vasculitis. Notably, plasma soluble PD-L1 levels were increased, and these correlated with C-reactive protein in patients with systemic vasculitis. Our findings suggest that inhibitory checkpoint molecules might be differentially modulated in the skin and peripheral blood of patients with vasculitis, and that the alteration of the PD-L1/PD-1 axis may be associated with the regulation of T-cell activation in vasculitis.
Stability analysis of a phase-shifted full-bridge circuit for electric vehicles based on adaptive neural fuzzy PID control
Authors: Liu Yan , Huang Yan , Zhang He , Huang Qiang
Published: October 2021

In the paper, adaptive neural fuzzy (ANF) PID control is applied on the stability analysis of phase-shifted full-bridge (PSFB) zero-voltage switch (ZVS) circuit, which is used in battery chargers of electric vehicles. At first, the small-signal mathematical model of the circuit is constructed. Then, by fuzzing the parameters of PID, a closed-loop system of the small-signal mathematical model is established. Further, after training samples collected from the fuzzy PID system by adaptive neural algorithm, an ANF PID controller is utilized to build a closed-loop system. Finally, the characteristics of stability, overshoot and response speed of the mathematical model and circuit model systems are analyzed. According to the simulation results of PSFB ZVS circuit, the three control strategies have certain optimizations in overshoot and adjustment time. Among them, the optimization effect of PID control in closed-loop system is the weakest. From the results of small-signal model and circuit model, the ANF PID system has highest optimization. Experiments demonstrate that the ANF PID system gives satisfactory control performance and meets the expectation of optimization design.
4.2 K sensitivity-tunable radio frequency reflectometry of a physically defined p-channel silicon quantum dot
Authors: Bugu Sinan , Nishiyama Shimpei , Kato Kimihiko , Liu Yongxun , Murakami Shigenori , Mori Takahiro , Ferrus Thierry , Kodera Tetsuo
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate the measurement of p-channel silicon-on-insulator quantum dots at liquid helium temperatures by using a radio frequency (rf) reflectometry circuit comprising of two independently tunable GaAs varactors. This arrangement allows observing Coulomb diamonds at 4.2 K under nearly best matching condition and optimal signal-to-noise ratio. We also discuss the rf leakage induced by the presence of the large top gate in MOS nanostructures and its consequence on the efficiency of rf-reflectometry. These results open the way to fast and sensitive readout in multi-gate architectures, including multi qubit platforms.
Understanding critically ill sepsis patients with normal serum lactate levels: results from U.S. and European ICU cohorts
Authors: Sauer Christopher M. , Gómez Josep , Botella Manuel Ruiz , Ziehr David R. , Oldham William M. , Gavidia Giovana , Rodríguez Alejandro , Elbers Paul , Girbes Armand , Bodi Maria , Celi Leo Anthony
Published: October 2021

While serum lactate level is a predictor of poor clinical outcomes among critically ill patients with sepsis, many have normal serum lactate. A better understanding of this discordance may help differentiate sepsis phenotypes and offer clues to sepsis pathophysiology. Three intensive care unit datasets were utilized. Adult sepsis patients in the highest quartile of illness severity scores were identified. Logistic regression, random forests, and partial least square models were built for each data set. Features differentiating patients with normal/high serum lactate on day 1 were reported. To exclude that differences between the groups were due to potential confounding by pre-resuscitation hyperlactatemia, the analyses were repeated for day 2. Of 4861 patients included, 47% had normal lactate levels. Patients with normal serum lactate levels had lower 28-day mortality rates than those with high lactate levels (17% versus 40%) despite comparable physiologic phenotypes. While performance varied between datasets, logistic regression consistently performed best (area under the receiver operator curve 87–99%). The variables most strongly associated with normal serum lactate were serum bicarbonate, chloride, and pulmonary disease, while serum sodium, AST and liver disease were associated with high serum lactate. Future studies should confirm these findings and establish the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, thus disentangling association and causation.
Seasonal variation in reversal learning reveals greater female cognitive flexibility in African striped mice
Authors: Rochais Céline , Hotte Hoël , Pillay Neville
Published: October 2021

Cognitive flexibility describes the ability of animals to alter cognitively mediated behaviour in response to changing situational demands, and can vary according to prevailing environemental conditions and individual caracteristics. In the present study, we investigated (1) how learning and reversal learning performance changes between seasons, and (2) how cognitive flexibility is related to sex in a free-living small mammal. We studied 107 African striped mice, Rhabdomys pumilio, in an arid semi-desert, 58 during the hot dry summer with low food availability, and 49 during the cold wet winter with higher food availability. We used an escape box task to test for learning and reversal learning performance. We found that learning and reversal learning efficiency varied seasonally by sex: females tested in summer were faster at solving both learning and reversal tasks than males tested in winter. Performance varied within sex: males tested in winter showed faster learning compared to males tested in summer. During reversal learning, females tested in summer were more efficient and solve the task faster compared to females tested in winter. We suggest that seasonal cognitive performance could be related to sex-specific behavioural characteristics of the species, resulting in adaptation for living in harsh environmental conditions.
Depiction of mosaic perfusion in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) on C-arm computed tomography compared to computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA)
Authors: Maschke Sabine K. , Werncke Thomas , Dewald Cornelia L. A. , Becker Lena S. , Meine Timo C. , Olsson Karen M. , Hoeper Marius M. , Wacker Frank K. , Meyer Bernhard C. , Hinrichs Jan B.
Published: October 2021

To evaluate mosaic perfusion patterns and vascular lesions in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) using C-Arm computed tomography (CACT) compared to computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA). We included 41 patients (18 female; mean age 59.9 ± 18.3 years) with confirmed CTEPH who underwent CACT and CTPA within 21 days (average 5.3 ± 5.2). Two readers (R1; R2) independently evaluated datasets from both imaging techniques for mosaic perfusion patterns and presence of CTEPH-typical vascular lesions. The number of pulmonary arterial segments with typical findings was evaluated and the percentage of affected segments was calculated and categorized: < 25%; 25–49%; 50–75%; < 75% of all pulmonary arterial segments affected by thromboembolic vascular lesions. Inter-observer agreement was calculated for both modalities using the intraclass-correlation-coefficient (ICC). Based on consensus reading the inter-modality agreement (CACTcons vs. CTPAcons) was calculated using the ICC. Inter-observer agreement was excellent for central vascular lesions (ICC > 0.87) and the percentage of affected segments (ICC > 0.76) and good for the perceptibility of mosaic perfusion (ICC > 0.6) and attribution of the pattern of mosaic perfusion (ICC > 0.6) for both readers on CACT and CTPA. Inter-modality agreement was excellent for the perceptibility of mosaic perfusion (ICC = 1), the present perfusion pattern (ICC = 1) and central vascular lesions (ICC = 1). However, inter-modality agreement for the percentage of affected segments was fair (ICC = 0.50), with a greater proportion of identified affected segments on CACTcons. CACT demonstrates a high agreement with CTPA regarding the detection of mosaic perfusion. CACT detects a higher number of peripheral vascular lesions compared to CTPA.
Distribution of bacteriocin genes in the lineages of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum
Authors: Choi Sungmi , Baek Min-gyung , Chung Myung-Jun , Lim Sanghyun , Yi Hana
Published: October 2021

Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, previously named “Lactobacillus plantarum,” is found in a wide variety of environments exhibiting a high level of intraspecies genetic diversity. To investigate the strain diversity, we performed comparative genomic analyses of the 54 complete genome sequences. The results revealed that L. plantarum subsp. plantarum was split into three lineages, A, B and C. Of the genes beneficial for probiotic activity, only those associated with the biosynthesis of plantaricin (Pln), an L. plantarum-specific bacteriocin, were found to be significantly different among the lineages. The genes related to the biosynthesis of plnE/F were conserved throughout the three lineages, whereas the outgroups did not possess any Pln-producing genes. In lineage C, the deepest and ancestral type branch, plnE/F genes, were well conserved. In lineage B, loss of gene function was observed due to mobile elements in the pln loci. In lineage A, most strains were predicted to produce more than one type of Pln by possessing diverse Pln-encoding genes. These results showed the presence of functional diversity arising from the trifurcating evolution in L. plantarum subsp. plantarum and demonstrated that Pln is an indicator for differentiating the three lineages.
Development of a reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification assay for detection of Getah virus
Authors: Nie Mincai , Deng Huidan , Zhou Yuancheng , Sun Xiangang , Huang Yao , Zhu Ling , Xu Zhiwen
Published: October 2021

GETV, an arbo-borne zoonotic virus of the genus Alphavirus, which causes diarrhea and reproduction disorders in swine, lead to serious economic losses to the swine industry in China. At present, the existing methods for GETV detection are time-consuming and low sensitivity, so, a rapid, accurate and sensitive GETV detection method is urgently needed. In this study, a fluorescent reverse transcription recombinase-assisted amplification method (RT-RAA) was successfully established for the rapid detection of GETV. The sensitivity of this method to GETV was 8 copies/reaction and 20 TCID50/reaction. No cross-reaction with other viruses. A total of 118 samples were prepared for GETV detection using fluorescent RT-RAA and SYBR Green I RT-qPCR, the coincidence rate of the two methods was 100%. The results suggest that the RT-RAA method is rapid, sensitive and specific for GETV detection and can be applied in the clinical.
A prospective evaluation of AI-augmented epidemiology to forecast COVID-19 in the USA and Japan
Authors: Arık Sercan Ö. , Shor Joel , Sinha Rajarishi , Yoon Jinsung , Ledsam Joseph R. , Le Long T. , Dusenberry Michael W. , Yoder Nathanael C. , Popendorf Kris , Epshteyn Arkady , Euphrosine Johan , Kanal Elli , Jones Isaac , Li Chun-Liang , Luan Beth , Mckenna Joe , Menon Vikas , Singh Shashank , Sun Mimi , Ravi Ashwin Sura , Zhang Leyou , Sava Dario , Cunningham Kane , Kayama Hiroki , Tsai Thomas , Yoneoka Daisuke , Nomura Shuhei , Miyata Hiroaki , Pfister Tomas
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the global need for reliable models of disease spread. We propose an AI-augmented forecast modeling framework that provides daily predictions of the expected number of confirmed COVID-19 deaths, cases, and hospitalizations during the following 4 weeks. We present an international, prospective evaluation of our models’ performance across all states and counties in the USA and prefectures in Japan. Nationally, incident mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) for predicting COVID-19 associated deaths during prospective deployment remained consistently <8% (US) and <29% (Japan), while cumulative MAPE remained <2% (US) and <10% (Japan). We show that our models perform well even during periods of considerable change in population behavior, and are robust to demographic differences across different geographic locations. We further demonstrate that our framework provides meaningful explanatory insights with the models accurately adapting to local and national policy interventions. Our framework enables counterfactual simulations, which indicate continuing Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions alongside vaccinations is essential for faster recovery from the pandemic, delaying the application of interventions has a detrimental effect, and allow exploration of the consequences of different vaccination strategies. The COVID-19 pandemic remains a global emergency. In the face of substantial challenges ahead, the approach presented here has the potential to inform critical decisions.
Cellular uptake of polylactide particles induces size dependent cytoskeletal remodeling in antigen presenting cells
Authors: Meena Jairam , Goswami Dinesh Giri , Anish Chakkumkal , Panda Amulya Kumar
Published: October 2021

Phagocytosis and intracellular processing of polymer particle entrapped antigen by antigen presenting cells.
Photochemistry and in vitro anticancer activity of Pt(iv)Re(i) conjugates
Authors: Huang Zhouyang , King A. Paden , Lovett James , Lai Barry , Woods Joshua J. , Harris Hugh H. , Wilson Justin J.
Published: October 2021

The photoactivation of two Pt(iv)Re(i) conjugates was investigated and leveraged for eradicating ovarian cancer cells.
The effect of interface angle on the thermal conductivity of Si/Ge superlattices
Authors: Liu Ying-Guang , Ren Guo-Liang , Chernatynskiy Aleksandr , Zhao Xiao-Feng
Published: October 2021

The special interface angle arrangement induces coherent transport of phonons and significantly improves the thermal conductivity.
CuCo alloy nanonets derived from CuCo2O4 spinel oxides for higher alcohols synthesis from syngas
Authors: Huang Chao , Ma Peiyu , Wang Ruyang , Li Wenjie , Wang Jingyan , Li Hongliang , Tan Yisheng , Luo Lei , Li Xu , Bao Jun
Published: October 2021

Porous CuCo alloy nanonets were used as superior catalysts for higher alcohol synthesis from syngas. The catalyst was fabricated via structural topological transformation of CuCo2O4 spinel precursor.
When phosphoryl azide meets mechanochemistry: clean, rapid, and efficient synthesis of phosphoryl amides under B(C6F5)3 catalysis in a ball mill
Authors: Jiao Lin-Yu , Peng Xin-Hua , Wang Ze-Lin , Jia Nan , Li Zhuo
Published: October 2021

We described herein the first example associated with B(C6F5)3-catalyzed preparation of phosphoryl amides under mechanochemical conditions.
Polyoxoniobates as molecular building blocks in thin films
Authors: Rambaran Mark A. , Gorzsás András , Holmboe Michael , Ohlin C. André
Published: October 2021

Crystallinity, thickness, and roughness can be controlled using polyoxoniobates as molecular building blocks in niobium oxide thin film synthesis.
Rational design of pore structures for carbon aerogels to significantly increase adsorption of tetracycline from water using batch and fixed-bed operation
Authors: Xu Wen-Cui , Zhong Lu-Bin , Shao Zai-Dong , Dou Shuai , Yu Liang , Cheng Xuan , Zheng Yu-Ming
Published: October 2021

3D porous carbon nanofiber/graphene oxide composite aerogels (PCNF/GOAs) with an adjustable pore structure were designed to significantly increase the adsorption of tetracycline from water using batch and fixed-bed operation.
Aqueous extracts of lingonberry and blackberry leaves identified by high-content screening beneficially act on cholesterol metabolism
Authors: Röhrl Clemens , Steinbauer Stefanie , Bauer Raimund , Roitinger Eva , Otteneder Katharina , Wallner Melanie , Neuhauser Cathrina , Schwarzinger Bettina , Schwarzinger Clemens , Stangl Herbert , Iken Marcus , Weghuber Julian
Published: October 2021

Lingonberry and blackberry leaf extracts alter cholesterol metabolism and potentially protect from atherosclerosis.
Constructing a three-dimensional nano-crystalline diamond network within polymer composites for enhanced thermal conductivity
Authors: Xiong Shaoyang , Qin Yue , Li Linhong , Yang Guoyong , Li Maohua , Wei Xianzhe , Song Guichen , Man Weidong , Wang Bo , Cai Tao , Yi Jian , Fu Li , Lin Cheng-Te , Jiang Nan , Nishimura Kazuhito , Yu Jinhong
Published: October 2021

A facile and scalable method is developed to construct a three-dimensional porous diamond framework toward the high thermal conductivity of epoxy composites.
Duplex vs. folding: tuning the self-assembly of synthetic recognition-encoded aniline oligomers
Authors: Rosa-Gastaldo Daniele , Pečiukėnas Vytautas , Hunter Christopher A. , Gabrielli Luca
Published: October 2021

We present a strategy for characterising and preventing the undesired folding between adjacent units in duplex-forming synthetic hetero-oligomers.
Direct radical functionalization methods to access substituted adamantanes and diamondoids
Authors: Weigel William K. , Dang Hoang T. , Feceu Abigail , Martin David B. C.
Published: October 2021

Substituted adamantanes are important and versatile products that can be derived from direct C–H to C–C transformations via radical intermediates. In this review, a wide range of direct functionalization methods are summarized with a focus on mechanism and scope.
ZIF-67-derived NiCo2O4@Co2P/Ni2P honeycomb nanosheets on carbon cloth for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Song Wen-wei , Wang Bing , Cao Xiao-man , Chen Qiang , Han Zheng-bo
Published: October 2021

NiCo2O4@Co2P/Ni2P-CC, for the first time, was prepared using ZIF-67 as sacrificial templates through 4 steps procedure. Based on honeycomb structures, NiCo2O4@Co2P/Ni2P-CC electrode shows high areal capacitance and excellent cycle stability.
Metal-hydride hydrogen atom transfer (MHAT) reactions in natural product synthesis
Authors: Wu Jinghua , Ma Zhiqiang
Published: October 2021

Functionalization of olefins has been an important transformation in synthetic chemistry. This review will focus on the natural product synthesis employing the MHAT reaction as the key strategy.
Long-term durability and ecotoxicity of biocomposites in marine environments: a review
Authors: Curto Marco , Le Gall Maelenn , Catarino Ana Isabel , Niu Zhiyue , Davies Peter , Everaert Gert , Dhakal Hom N.
Published: October 2021

Long term durability and moisture ingress effects on the mechanical property is highlighted where tensile strength is reduced as the moisture immersion time increases showing weak fibre matrix interfaces evidenced from SEM micrograph.
New insight into the joint significance of dietary jujube polysaccharides and 6-gingerol in antioxidant and antitumor activities
Authors: Wu Zhen , Gao Ruiping , Li Hong , Wang Yongde , Luo Yang , Zou Jiang , Zhao Bo , Chen Shiqi
Published: October 2021

The combinatorial use of dietary jujube (Ziziphus jujuba) and ginger play a critical role in traditional Chinese medicines, folk medicine and dietary therapy.
Catalytic approach to in vivo metabolism of atractylenolide III using biomimetic iron–porphyrin complexes
Authors: Lim Hanae , Jeon Hyeri , Hong Seungwoo , Kim Jung-Hoon
Published: October 2021

In vivo oxygenation of atractylenolide III during the metabolism and in situ oxidation mechanism by an iron–porphyrin iron(iv)-oxo porphyrin π-cation–radical complex.
Functionalized poly(lactic acid) based nano-fabric for anti-viral applications
Authors: Hazarika Doli , Kalita Naba Kumar , Kumar Amit , Katiyar Vimal
Published: October 2021

PLA based electrospun nanofabric prepared using ZL and SNC. Incorporation of SNC conferred hydrophobicity. Breathable and reusable nanofabric. PLA/ZL nanofabric demonstrated significant antibacterial & antiviral properties.
Cation–π interactions drive hydrophobic self-assembly and aggregation of niclosamide in water
Authors: Vuai Said A. H. , Sahini Mtabazi G. , Onoka Isaac , Kiruri Lucy W. , Shadrack Daniel M.
Published: October 2021

In this work, we have studied the aggregation properties of niclosamide in water by varying the number of monomers.
New Tb3+–simvastatin optical biosensor for sensitive determination of folic acid, progesterone, testosterone and vitamin D3in biological fluids
Authors: Attia Mohamed S. , Ahmed Amal M. , Amin Tarek A. , Youssef Ahmed. O. , Amin Mohammed A. , Mohamed Ekram H. , Mahmoud Safwat A. , Abou-Omar Mona N.
Published: October 2021

An innovative, simple and cost effective Tb3+–simvastatin photo probe was designed and used as a core for a spectrofluorometric approach to sensitively determine four vital biological compounds in different matrices.
One-pot synthesis of Ag–Cu–Cu2O/C nanocomposites derived from a metal–organic framework as a photocatalyst for borylation of aryl halide
Authors: Annas Dicky , Hira Shamim Ahmed , Song Sehwan , Bae Jong-Seong , Park Sungkyun , Park Kang Hyun
Published: October 2021

Ag–Cu–Cu2O/C nanocomposites derived from metal–organic framework through one-pot thermal reduction method were synthesized. The material exhibits high catalytic activity in the borylation of aryl halide under xenon lamp condition across 7 cycles, with no yield decrease.
An ink-jet printed dual-CD ratiometric fluorescent paper-based sensor for the visual detection of Cu2+
Authors: Li Ying , Lu Fei , Li Qing-zhi , Zhou Yi-hua , Qian Jun , Cao Sheng , Wang Chen-yu
Published: October 2021

A fluorescent test paper sensor for qualitative and semi-quantitative detection of Cu2+ is designed based on high photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) carbon dots (CDs).
Preparation and characterization of a self-suspending ultra-low density proppant
Authors: Luo Zhifeng , Li Jianbin , Zhao Liqiang , Zhang Nanlin , Chen Xiang , Miao Weijie , Chen Weihua , Liang Chong
Published: October 2021

A self-suspending ultra-low density proppant (UDP) was developed based on the polymerization of the unsaturated carbon double bond.
CNT–TiO2 core–shell structure: synthesis and photoelectrochemical characterization
Authors: Prasadam Vasu Prasad , Huerta Flores Ali Margot , Bahlawane Naoufal
Published: October 2021

CNT–TiO2 core–shell nanostructured coatings were made using a hybrid CVD/ALD process. The evaluation of these films as photoanodes for the photoelectrochemical water splitting reaction reveals a clear benefit from the involvement of CNTs.
Origin of photoluminescence of water-soluble CuInS2 quantum dots prepared via a hydrothermal method
Authors: Iida Kazutaka , Uehigashi Yota , Kim DaeGwi
Published: October 2021

The donor–acceptor pair emission is the underlying mechanism of the PL of the hydrothermally-synthesized water-soluble CIS QDs.
A novel BMSN (biologically synthesized mesoporous silica nanoparticles) material: synthesis using a bacteria-mediated biosurfactant and characterization
Authors: Sharma Raju Kumar , Wang Shau-Chun , Maity Jyoti Prakash , Banerjee Pritam , Dey Gobinda , Huang Yi-Hsun , Bundschuh Jochen , Hsiao Ping-Gune , Chen Tsung-Hsien , Chen Chien-Yen
Published: October 2021

Synthesis of a novel BMSN material using bacteria-mediated biosurfactant and their characterization.
An aerobic oxidation of alcohols into carbonyl synthons using bipyridyl-cinchona based palladium catalyst
Authors: Cheedarala Ravi Kumar , Chidambaram Ramasamy R. , Siva Ayyanar , Song Jung Il
Published: October 2021

We have reported an aerobic oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols to respective aldehydes and ketones using a bipyridyl-cinchona alkaloid based palladium catalytic system (PdAc-5) using oxygen at moderate pressure.
MoS2-assisted Fe2+/peroxymonosulfate oxidation for the abatement of phenacetin: efficiency, mechanisms and toxicity evaluation
Authors: Gao Yu-qiong , Rao Yan-yan , Ning Han , Yin Da-qiang , Gao Nai-yun
Published: October 2021

Performance, mechanisms and toxicity evaluation of PNT degradation by the MoS2/Fe2+/PMS system were investigated.
Highly tough and rapid self-healing dual-physical crosslinking poly(DMAA-co-AM) hydrogel
Authors: Lin Yinlei , Wang Shuoqi , Sun Sheng , Liang Yaoheng , Xu Yisheng , Hu Huawen , Luo Jie , Zhang Haichen , Li Guangji
Published: October 2021

Introducing a micelle and LAPONITE® XLG nano-clay into N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA)/acrylamide (AM) copolymerization reactions results in a highly tough and rapid self-healing dual-physical crosslinking poly(DMAA-co-AM) hydrogel.
Ultradispersed IrxNi clusters as bifunctional electrocatalysts for high-efficiency water splitting in acid electrolytes
Authors: Zhao Xiaojie , Chang Ying , Ji Jiang , Jia Jingchun , Jia Meilin
Published: October 2021

A method of preparing IrxNi/C clusters by polyol reduction using a XC-72R support was proposed. Due to the 2 nm size of the catalyst particles, more active sites are exposed. This is a promising route for the development of efficient water splitting electrocatalysts.
Nitrogen and oxygen Co-doped porous carbon derived from yam waste for high-performance supercapacitors
Authors: Li Zhaojin , Liu Qian , Sun Lizhi , Li Ning , Wang Xiaofeng , Wang Qiujun , Zhang Di , Wang Bo
Published: October 2021

3D porous carbon with ultra-high specific surface area and excellent electrochemical performance is synthesized by a simple activation and carbonization process through adopting biomass yam waste as raw material.
In-plane graphene/boron nitride heterostructures and their potential application as toxic gas sensors
Authors: Mawwa Jannatul , Shamim Siraj Ud Daula , Khanom Shamima , Hossain Md Kamal , Ahmed Farid
Published: October 2021

DFT methods were used to study the surface geometry of in-plane 2D graphene/BN heterostructures and their effects on the adsorption properties.
Fluorescent PEI@Pd nanoclusters: facile synthesis and application
Authors: Wen Wen , Li Zhongping , Wang Xu , Du Xiaoyan , Wen Guangming , Li Li
Published: October 2021

Metal nanoclusters (NCs) have recently emerged as a novel class of luminescent nanomaterials and held significant potential in analytical chemistry.
Preparation of diameter-controlled free-standing MWCNT membranes and their application for dye adsorption
Authors: Zhang Xiao-Sa , Xiang Hong , Li Wen-Ze , Li Ying-Ying , Ma Xiang-Rong , Yang Ze-Zhou , Liu Yu
Published: October 2021

MWCNTs are carried out over different Ni-loaded catalysts to control the diameter of the CNTs, while high-purity and free-standing membranes are fabricated by a filtration method. The dye adsorption property of the CNTs is depending on the diameter.
Synthesis of Si–C–N aligned nanofibers with preeminent electromagnetic wave absorption in ultra-broad band
Authors: Li Zhaochen , Ye Fang , Cheng Laifei , Wang Peng , Guo Chuchu , Li Minghang , Zhang Litong
Published: October 2021

Si–C–N aligned nanofibers rich in conducting networks and heterogeneous interfaces with the conductive loss to polarization loss ratio of 6 : 4 exhibited the preeminent electromagnetic wave absorption in ultra-broad band (maximum of 8.93 GHz).
Understanding the sensing mechanisms of perovskite materials for gases with different properties: a perspective from the oxidation–reduction states of central metal ions
Authors: Zhang Bing , Yang Yang , Tong Lei , Wang Xiaogang , Hu Bin , Zhao Li , Lu Qiang
Published: October 2021

The stronger electron-withdrawing ability of halide ions increases the oxidation state of central metal ions and enhances the sensitivity and selectivity for both reductive gases, but reduces that for oxidative targets.
A sequential roadmap to Industry 6.0: Exploring future manufacturing trends
Authors: Duggal Angel Swastik , Malik Praveen Kumar , Gehlot Anita , Singh Rajesh , Gaba Gurjot Singh , Masud Mehedi , Al‐Amri Jehad F.
Published: October 2021

It has been speculated that by the year 2050, technology will have progressed to the point of complete autonomy. This paper scrolls through patent pathways and intellectual developments throughout the industrial revolutions listing significant products and services that landmarked each revolution up to Industry 4.0. The patent trails and the recent IPR inputs are expected to assist readers in fast‐tracking up to speed on the bleeding edge of the current research pools while having an eagle's eye perspective on the previous developments so far. The research pools of Industry 4.0 are classified and explored. A lack of Human‐machine workforce synergy in Industry 4.0 and the nascent “customized manufacturing” concept is addressed in subsequent sections. The paper classifies two expected phases of Industry 5.0, highlighting the subdomains touted to be its focal areas. Lastly, Industry 5.0's niche research areas are checked and a suitable pathway to achieve the goals set for the sixth revolution is proposed.
Millimetre wave coarse beamforming using outband sub‐6 GHz reconfigurable antennas
Authors: Bshara Oday , Pano Vasil , Tajin Md Abu Saleh , Dandekar Kapil R.
Published: October 2021

Low latency beamforming using phased antenna arrays is the key for practical deployment of envisioned millimetre wave (mmWave) Gbps mobile networks. This work aims towards reducing the overhead of the exhaustive sector‐level sweep phase of the analog beamforming adopted in the IEEE 802.11ad standard. This work is the first to propose the use of reconfigurable antenna single RF chain in the sub‐6 GHz new radio (NR) band to aid codebook‐based beam selection in the mmWave band of the NR. We exploit the congruence between the spatial propagation signatures of signals at both mmWave and sub‐6 GHz frequencies to reduce the beam search space. The simulation results show a significant reduction in mmWave beam search overhead up to on average and with an average gain loss of 3dB.
Tausendgüldenkraut: pflanzlicher Appetitanreger
Authors: Houben Martina
Published: October 2021

Tausendgüldenkraut kam bereits im Mittelalter zu Einsatz, um eine Vielzahl an Beschwerden zu heilen –heute werden Tees und Tinkturen aus dieser Heilpflanze angewandt, um den Appetit anzuregen und Magen-Darm-Symptome zu lindern
Abrechnungsempfehlung Osteopathische Medizin
Authors: Dräger Kilian
Published: October 2021

Die Osteopathische Medizin (OM) ist eine medizinische Fachrichtung, welche seit 1874 in den USA existiert und an Universitäten zu studieren ist. In Deutschland hat sie jedoch erst in den späten 1980er Jahren wesentlichen Einzug als Fachrichtung gefunden.
Abrechnungsempfehlung Anthroposophische Medizin
Authors: Geyer Ulrich
Published: October 2021

Die Anthroposophische Medizin (AM) gehört zu den Therapieverfahren der Besonderen Therapierichtungen. Sie wurde vor 100 Jahren von der Ärztin Dr. med. Ita Wegman und Dr. phil. Rudolf Steiner, dem Begründer der Anthroposophie, entwickelt.
Pharmacological Inhibition of Factor XIIa Attenuates Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm, Reduces Atherosclerosis, and Stabilizes Atherosclerotic Plaques
Authors: Searle Amy K. , Chen Yung-Chih , Wallert Maria , Wang Xiaowei , Hosseini Hamid , Peter Karlheinz , McFadyen James D. , Maluenda Ana C. , Noonan Jonathan , Kanellakis Peter , Zaldivia Maria T. K. , Huang Angela , Lioe Hadi , Biondo Mark , Nolte Marc W. , Rossato Paolo , Bobik Alex , Panousis Con
Published: October 2021

Background 3F7 is a monoclonal antibody targeting the enzymatic pocket of activated factor XII (FXIIa), thereby inhibiting its catalytic activity. Given the emerging role of FXIIa in promoting thromboinflammation, along with its apparent redundancy for hemostasis, the selective inhibition of FXIIa represents a novel and highly attractive approach targeting pathogenic processes that cause thromboinflammation-driven cardiovascular diseases.

Methods The effects of FXIIa inhibition were investigated using three distinct mouse models of cardiovascular disease—angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), an ApoE−/− model of atherosclerosis, and a tandem stenosis model of atherosclerotic plaque instability. 3F7 or its isotype control, BM4, was administered to mice (10 mg/kg) on alternate days for 4 to 8 weeks, depending on the experimental model. Mice were examined for the development and size of AAAs, or the burden and instability of atherosclerosis and associated markers of inflammation.

Results Inhibition of FXIIa resulted in a reduced incidence of larger AAAs, with less acute aortic ruptures and an associated fibro-protective phenotype. FXIIa inhibition also decreased stable atherosclerotic plaque burden and achieved plaque stabilization associated with increased deposition of fibrous structures, a >2-fold thicker fibrous cap, increased cap-to-core ratio, and reduction in localized and systemic inflammatory markers.

Conclusion Inhibition of FXIIa attenuates disease severity across three mouse models of thromboinflammation-driven cardiovascular diseases. Specifically, the FXIIa-inhibiting monoclonal antibody 3F7 reduces AAA severity, inhibits the development of atherosclerosis, and stabilizes vulnerable plaques. Ultimately, clinical trials in patients with cardiovascular diseases such as AAA and atherosclerosis are warranted to demonstrate the therapeutic potential of FXIIa inhibition.
Congenital Anatomical Variant with Cranial Origin of Internal Iliac Arteries
Authors: Rossi Umberto G. , Ierardi Anna M. , Cariati Maurizio
Published: October 2021

We report the case of a 73-year-old male who underwent abdominal multidetector computed tomography with vascular reconstruction that highlighted a congenital variant of iliac arteries. Iliac artery anatomical variants are exceedingly rare and only a few cases have been reported in the literature.
Perceval Implantation and Ascending Replacement: Which Should Be Performed First?
Authors: Santarpino Giuseppe , Specchia Luigi , Mastroroberto Pasquale , Gregorini Renato
Published: October 2021

The use of sutureless prostheses has expanded due to their ability to reduce surgical times, thus favoring their implantation in high-risk patients. It is not uncommon that these patients have an ascending aortic aneurysm requiring treatment with a vascular prosthesis; therefore, using a sutureless aortic valve may be associated. To date, however, little is known about the time sequence of this intervention, that is, if sutureless implantation should precede or follow that of the vascular prosthesis.
Contemporary Management of Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fractures
Authors: Wang Howard D. , Dillon Jasjit
Published: October 2021

Zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture is one of the most commonly treated facial fractures. Accurate reduction and stable fixation of the zygoma are required to restore facial symmetry and projection and avoid functional sequalae from changes in orbital volume. Achieving optimal outcome is challenging due to the complex three-dimensional anatomy and limited visualization of all affected articulations of the zygoma. This article provides an updated overview of the evaluation and management of zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures based on available evidence and clinical experience at our center. The importance of soft tissue management is emphasized, and approaches to internal orbital reconstruction are discussed. While evidence remain limited, intraoperative imaging and navigation may prove to be useful adjuncts in the treatment of zygomaticomaxillary fractures.
Structure evolution of hBN grown on molten Cu by regulating precursor flux during chemical vapor deposition
Authors: Liu Hongwei , He Wanzhen , Liu Zhenjing , Abidi Irfan H , Ding Yao , Galligan Patrick Ryan , Tamtaji Mohsen , Li Jingwei , Cai Yuting , Kang Ting , Wong Hoilun , Li Zhongjian , Zhao Pei , Gao Zhaoli , Mi Yongli , Xu Zhiping , Luo Zhengtang
Published: October 2021

We demonstrate the structure evolution of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) flakes grown on molten Cu in atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition by regulating the flux of precursor. We found that under lower precursor flux, tuned by temperature that controls the sublimation rates, the hBN grains change from triangle to truncated triangle shape with additional B-terminated edges, which could be understood through kinetic Wulff construction, while under higher flux, they form circular shape following deposition-controlled growth and predicted by a phase field modeling. In addition to the monolayer morphology from a single nucleation, adlayer patterns with centered aggregation and diffusive features at high precursor flux are observed and simulated by a two-dimensional (2D) diffusion-reaction model, where the random diffusion and deposition are revealed to be the dominating kinetics. The nucleation density and growth velocity could also be modulated by the ammonia borane heating temperature, where 80 °C is found to be optimal for the largest hBN grain size. Our transmission electron microscopy study shows that a misalignment of coalescing grains occurs on such molten Cu substrate, deviated from those observed on molten Au. Our results provide a new tool for the shape and grain size control of 2D materials and the understanding of their growth kinetics for large scale production.