bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Do hiring practices penalize women and benefit men for having children? Experimental evidence from Germany
Authors: Hipp Lena
Published: September 2018

Although observational studies from many countries have consistently shown that motherhood negatively affects women’s wages, experimental findings on its effect on the likelihood of being hired are less conclusive. Motherhood penalties in hiring have been reported in the US, the prototypical liberal market economy, but not in Sweden, the prototypical social-democratic welfare state. Based on a field experiment in Germany, this study examines the effects of parenthood on hiring processes in the prototypical conservative welfare state. My findings indicate that job recruitment processes indeed penalize women but not men for having children. In addition to providing theoretical explanations for why motherhood penalties in hiring are particularly likely to occur in the German context, this study also highlights several methodological and practical issues that should be considered when conducting correspondence studies to examine labor market discrimination.
Líneas para el desarrollo de proyectos con Wikipedia y Wikimedia Commons en museos y bibliotecas
Authors: Tramullas Jesús , Ojeda Rubén
Published: September 2018

The objective of the OpenGLAM movement is the publication, under free licenses, of digitized culturalmaterial. Cultural institutions (museums, libraries and archives) are key actors for the access and dissemination ofcultural heritage. This text explains the foundations, planning and activities carried out in the GLAMing Madrid project, in which Wikimedia Spain participated, together with the National Archaeological Museum, the Museum ofRomanticism and the Costume Museum. Finally, the results obtained and the good practices identified are indicated.
Flying ball – Explosion of a Hydraulic Valve
Authors: Panzenböck M.
Published: September 2018

An explosion of a ball valve occurred during starting up a hydraulic unit. The hydraulic valve was split into several parts. The investigations and estimations of the occurring pressures and stresses reveal that the valve body was ruptured by an extreme overpressure of more than 2 000 bar. A small defect on the ball might be responsible for such a high pressure, leading to self-ignition of the hydraulic fluid. A possible scenario how this might have happened is given.
Aspects of Powder Characterization for Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Wimler D. , Kardos S. , Lindemann J. , Clemens H. , Mayer S.
Published: September 2018

“Top-quality powder is a precondition for additive manufacturing of quality components.” This paper covers the powder characterization of high-melting and highly reactive intermetallic γ-TiAl powders by combining technological and metallographic examinations. Measurements of tap density, bulk density, flow behaviour, particle size distribution and sphericity of the powder will reveal characteristic parameters which have an effect on process stability. The subsequent analysis of the powder microstructure will show possible gas inclusions or defects which may negatively affect the mechanical properties of the manufactured component. Each of these factors presents a quality criterion, which is also applicable – irrespective of the alloy system – to other materials systems.
ОСНОВНЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ ИНСТРУМЕНТОВ ПРОЕКТНОГО МЕНЕДЖМЕНТА В МИРОВОМ ГОСТИНИЧНОМ БИЗНЕСЕ
Authors: Бибосынова Ж. А.
Published: September 2018

In this article practical aspects of using project management in popular restaurants of different countries are considered. Within the framework of this study, the experience of using the Hard Rock Cafe project management tools is highlighted. It is noted that the management of the project in Hard Rock Cafe includes three phases: planning, setting goals, defining the project and organizing the team; drawing up of a calendar schedule of works; control. Considered the project of opening a new restaurant from Pizza Duono (Italy). It stands out that in this restaurant project managers are in sight, they are responsible for: all necessary activities have been completed in the right sequence and on time; the project did not go beyond the budget; the project would meet the quality standards, etc. The study also examined an example of project caching to change the project completion time from the restaurant Pizza Duono (Italy, Rome). According to the methodology of this restaurant, on each of the critical paths the restaurant must identify one type of activity that can be subjected to crashing.
УПРАВЛІННЯ ІНВЕСТИЦІЯМИ В ЕНЕРГЕТИЧНУ ГАЛУЗЬ
Authors: Буяк Андрій Євгенович
Published: September 2018

The article is devoted development of conceptual bases of establishment of conformities to law of investment development of energy of region, prognostication of investment processes, related to it, optimum management by them with the purpose of exposure of component factors of influence on this process. A research object is processes of investing of regional economy and its efficiency in the Western region. The article of research is economic conformities to law of investment development of energy of region.
ЖИТТЄЗДАТНІСТЬ ПРИНЦИПІВ-ПРИПУЩЕНЬ БУХГАЛТЕРСЬКОГО ОБЛІКУ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ НЕБАНКІВСЬКИХ ФІНАНСОВО-КРЕДИТНИХ УСТАНОВ
Authors: Гончаренко Олена Олексіївна  , Лук’янець Олена Вікторівна
Published: September 2018

The article reveals scientific approaches to the accounting principles system structure, which defines the leading role of the assumptions. The composition of the principles-assumptions of the accounting activities of non-bank financial and credit institutions (autonomy and going concern) is outlined and, the assessment of the principles viability according to the criteria of relevance, objectivity and feasibility is given. It is determined that these principles fully meet the criteria of objectivity and feasibility, and under the criterion of relevance, the principle of going concern is somewhat dubious, and the principle of autonomy is meaningless for non-bank financial institutions and needs to be replaced by the principle of a relevant reporting entity. This situation confirms the overall compliance of these principles with the criteria for viability, but requires the consideration of the conventions and information risks associated with the special aspects of the activities of non-bank financial and credit institutions.
СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНІ ФАКТОРИ ОСОБИСТОГО СПОЖИВАННЯ, ЯК ЧАСТИНА ПРОДОВОЛЬЧОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ
Authors: Пилипенко К. А.
Published: September 2018

The article defines food security, as well as some socio-cultural aspects of food consumption. The level of health of the population is determined depending on the national-regional peculiarities. The problem of quality and safety of products, in particular meat processing enterprises, is considered. Some weaknesses of this branch are highlighted, and the essence of a balanced diet of a personality is given. The analysis of trade in food products in recent years has been carried out, and the forecast of world meat production has been provided.
АНАЛІЗ ВПЛИВУ МІГРАЦІЇ НА РОЗВИТОК ЕКОНОМІКИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Комаринець С. О.  , Байко Л. Т.
Published: September 2018

The main problems that cause labor migration are reviewed. The factors that cause labor migration are examined. Information about the ways of money transfers affect the state of Ukrainian economy is provided. The experience of Ireland regarding the return of migrants is shown. Some organizational steps that can stabilize the situation with labor migration in Ukraine have been worked out. The Umigrant mobile application model for Ukrainians abroad has been developed. The Umigrant mobile application will provide migrants with easy access to reliable information about organizations and services available to them in a particular country: embassies, consulates, migration departments, hospitals and civil society organizations. It will also provide information on migration options and requirements, and will allow migrants to receive alerts on emergencies in a country or region, as well as contacts for emergency assistance.
ПЕРЕДУМОВИ ТА ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ БАНКІВ ВАРТОСТІ
Authors: Комаринець С. О.
Published: September 2018

The state of the modern financial market is not homogeneous. Various organizations act on it, such as world, investment, public, retail, social, church, green, folk and development banks; official and unofficial banking organizations; shadow financial system. Mutual assistance banks, rural banks, credit unions, savings and loan funds are institutions formed on the basis of mutual assistance among people. There are also banks operating in the «western» financial tradition and those operating under the laws of Sharia. Value banks are social, ethical, green and public banks without a definite management model that function in the form of joint stock companies, unions and private enterprises. In the article, the ways of formation, organizational structures, historical and religious preconditions of creation and modern tendencies of development of value banks are viewed.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ІНСТИТУЦІЙНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ СІЛЬСЬКОГОСПОДАРСЬКИХ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ
Authors: Лемещенко Наталія
Published: September 2018

Agriculture is an important branch of the Ukrainian economy. Its’ development directly affects the country’s food security. The defining concept of the development of this industry is the concept of sustainable development. Sustainable development is a model of society’s development, which involves establishing a balance between satisfying the needs of mankind and protecting the interests of future generations. Three main components lie in the basis of the concept of sustainable development - economic, environmental and social. However, the implementation of the key aspects of sustainable development requires the appropriate institutional support that is explored in this article.
ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФОРМУВАННЯ СТРАТЕГІЇ ПОКРАЩАНЯ БІЗНЕС КЛІМАТУ БІЗНЕС- АСОЦІАЦІЯМИ УКРАЇНИ
Authors: Ляпін Дмитро Вадимович
Published: September 2018

The article «Features of forming strategy of enhanced of business climate by business associations of Ukraine» examined the peculiarities of joint development by Ukraine’s business associations of a strategy for improving the business climate in the country. The main ideas and provisions of such a joint project are shown. It is shown that its success is completely determined by the transparency and publicity of the preparation process. In the basis - of the rule of consensus. A necessary and sufficient condition for the success of the process of public consultations between business and authorities is the interest of business associations in the effectiveness and success of changes in the country. A practical recommendations have been developed.
РОЛЬ ИННОВАЦИЙ И ИННОВАЦИОННОГО ПРОЦЕССА В РАЗВИТИИ ПИЩЕВОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ
Authors: Рахимова С.
Published: September 2018

The author concludes that the development of the food industry is possible to provide due to innovations and management of the innovation process. The author classifies and gives concepts to innovations in the food industry. The article highlights the factors that limit the development of the food industry. The SWOT analysis of the food industry position is presented. The main problems in the food industry are revealed. The author proposes a number of measures for the development of the food industry. The prospects of development of innovative component of the food industry and measures for management of innovative process in the food industry are offered.
ТЕХНИКО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ КОГЕНЕРАЦИИ УГЛЕВОДОРОДНЫХ ГАЗОВ
Authors: Софийский К. К.  , Стасевич Р. К.  , Агаев Р. А.  , Власенко В. В.  , Дудля Е. Е.
Published: September 2018

The subject of researches are the regularities of the effective operation of information, resource and energy saving technology for the gases utilization from coal mines and metallurgical industries. The aim of the work is to present the technical and economic aspects of the information resource and energy saving process for the gases utilization from coal deposits and mines. As the result, the information about a new method for increasing the accuracy of automated commercial metering of coal gas, supplied to the Ukrainian gas-transport system, was provided, the regularities, governing the energy efficiency of controlling of the air/gas ratio from the oxygen concentration in the flue gases of the boiler unit, and the criterion of energy-efficient management were established. The calculation of the expected annual economic effect from the implementation of the control station “DIYA”, using the presented developments, was given.
ОЦІНКА ЗМІНИ РІВНЯ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОЇ СПРОМОЖНОСТІ НАСЕЛЕННЯ В УКРАЇНІ ЗА 2012 - 2017 РОКИ
Authors: Shvets O. Y.
Published: September 2018

Investments are the driving force of any economy. It is also an indicator of the competitiveness of the country’s economy. In this article, the main categories that show the level of investment attractiveness in Ukraine for today are analyzed. The people’s ability to save money from 2012 to 2017 are shown. The dependence of deposit rate, amount of deposit and economic situation are analyzed.
SYSTEM OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR FORMING THE PORTFOLIO OF SECURITIES ON THE RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKETS
Authors: Alexandra Baburina  , Tatyana Burtseva
Published: September 2018

There is a comprehensive analysis of selected shares (both foreign and domestic) was conducted on the basis of the methodology for the formation and management of the securities portfolio using up-to-date statistical data in the article. This allowed the author to obtain results that have scientific novelty and practical significance. The research was conducted under the supervision of Professor Tatyana Burtseva, Professor of the Department of Social and Economic Sciences, Ph.D., Associate Professor.
THE EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION – THE KEY FACTOR IN BUSINESS SUCCESS
Authors: Dzneladze L. T.  , Khachidze N. D.
Published: September 2018

We present you the work: “The Employee Motivation – the Key Factor in Business Success”, where we present the results of the research on this issue conducted by the universities of California and Stanford, based on which the author in cooperation with Batumi State Maritime Academy students made some enquiries in Batumi. Analysis of the survey revealed that if the managers are eager to keep the best employees, it is essential to consider them carefully and make an adequate use of their talent and extensive opportunities. Consequently, they must do their best in order to provoke qualified specialists’ desire to work with them, and in turn, to maximize the promotion of the business profit.
APPLICATION OF ECONOMIC-FINANCIAL EXPERTISE IN THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEM OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA
Authors: Gheorghe Avornic  , Cristina Copaceanu
Published: September 2018

Any economic stress in itself carries a particular risk, since it creates problems in different areas, influencing individual incomes/expenditures, as well as incomes/ expenditures in the healthcare sector. The imbalance in the healthcare system can be understood as an unexpected phenomenon that occurs outside of the healthcare system but leads to negative consequences of access to resources in the healthcare system; in terms of access to medical services. The healthcare system in the Republic of Moldova is perceived as unproductive, which diminishes its prioritization. Therefore, the healthcare system is poorly funded, with few efficient regulations, which made it extremely sensitive during times of crisis, being unpredictable for new challenges. The authors consider that a method of anticipating the crisis in the healthcare system could be the application of economic and financial expertise.
TOURISM STATISTICS IN GEORGIA
Authors: Natalia Robitashvili
Published: September 2018

By the beginning of the 21st century, tourism has been formed as a sustainable development branch of economics, which has established special place in global economic structure. Tourism makes significant impact on the incentive of economic growth, on creating employment places and shaping positive environment, which is positively reflected on other economic activities. The role of statistics is important in the management of economy. That is why the quantitative study of the processes and events in tourism is of high importance. Right with the help of statistic methods is the information about public lifestyle structure elements – labor and labor hours gained, processed and analyzed. Statistics can study the level, potential of tourism development by general and private methods. It can gain public services and other information. Statistics can find out unfriendly factors for tourism development, define tourism influence on the economic growth of the country and can work out recommendations for infrastructure optimization on the basis of its analysis.
DIRECTIONS OF INCREASE OF COMPETITIVENESS OF THE ENTERPRISE
Authors: Oksana Kuzmenko
Published: September 2018

Methodical and practical approaches to determining the directions of increasing the competitiveness of the enterprise in the conditions of globalization as one of the criteria of efficiency and demand for products.
E-Learning Framework Design for Medical Education Based on Requirement Analysis
Authors: PARLAKKILIÇ Alaattin
Published: September 2018

This
study proposes an e-learning framework for Turkish Family Medicine (FM)
physicians by requirement
analysis using e-learning survey and program
educators’ interview. The main data collection was done with an online survey
complemented by a structured interview. According
to the outcomes of e-learning survey, the Khan framework was modified with Mobile/Wireless Technologies,
Time, Content Control, Delivery Method dimensions. The
program educators declared that their opinions for potential solutions as getting
training for e-learning; increasing human resources capacity for support;
implementing training in asynchronous format; accepting
online learning  culture; eliminating hardware, software and connection
problems; increasing
financial support; getting managerial implementation support and improving
personal rights.
The Role of Massively Multiplayer Online Role-Playing Games in Extramural Second Language Learning: A Literature Review
Authors: YAŞAR Soner
Published: September 2018

In recent years, digital game-based language learning has gained a
considerable amount of recognition from researchers and educators alike.
Emerging as one of the most popular digital game genres, massively multiplayer
online role-playing games (MMORPGs) have been at the forefront of online gaming
communities and their popularity has stretched/expanded to the pedagogical
field of second language learning. While the relationship between online gaming
and language acquisition is amply documented in various studies, these have
mainly been in controlled and formal contexts (where player/students
participate in gaming sessions observed by a teacher/researcher in a classroom
setting). Therefore, this literature review particularly focuses on the lesser-studied
aspect of digital gaming; namely in extramural settings of digital engagement.
Published within the last six years, journal articles on this subject have been
perused and five have been chosen as part of this overview which does not aim
at discussing the implementation of digital games into curricula but rather at
presenting the sociocultural and collaborative nature of the gaming experience.
This review also draws attention to common treads within the articles and
points at certain niches for improvement.
A Research on Machine Learning Methods and Its Applications
Authors: ÇELİK Özer
Published: September 2018

Machine
learning is a science which was found and developed as a subfield of artificial
intelligence in the 1950s. The first steps of machine learning goes back to the
1950s but there were no significant researches and developments on this
science. However, in the 1990s, the researches on this field restarted,
developed and have reached to this day. It is a science that will improve more
in the future. The reason behind this development is the difficulty of
analysing and processing the rapidly increasing data. Machine learning is based
on the principle of finding the best model for the new data among the previous
data thanks to this increasing data. Therefore, machine learning researches
will go on in parallel with the increasing data. This research includes the
history of machine learning, the methods used in machine learning, its
application fields, and the researches on this field. The aim of this study is
to transmit the knowledge on machine learning, which has become very popular
nowadays, and its applications to the researchers.
Uso de los dispositivos electrónicos de seguridad en las Personas Privadas de Libertad en Guayaquil 2018
Authors: Saurez Valero Luisa Isabel
Published: September 2018

En el artículo abordaremos el uso de los dispositivos electrónicos de seguridad en las Personas Privadas de Libertad de la ciudad de Guayaquil, si  esta medida alternativa  a la prisión preventiva es adecuada en el ordenamiento jurídico ecuatoriano, si  cumple con las exigencias de nuestra  sociedad, además revisaremoslos antecedentes, medida cautelar, prisión preventiva, y los  beneficios de prelibertad enfocado a disminuir la sobrepoblación carcelaria del Centro de Privación de Libertad de Guayaquil y nos orientaran a conocer desde el ámbito jurídico los resultados obtenidos con el empleo de los dispositivos electrónicos de seguridad que en la actualidad son colocados a personas sentenciadas y que tienen las características de menos peligrosas o que su sentencia sea de hasta cinco años.
El mercadito: retailing para optimizar la economía de los artesanos en la Ciudad de Guayaquil
Authors: Tolozano Lapierre Michelle S. , San Lucas Vanegas Richard I.
Published: September 2018

La presente investigación se establece en la ciudad de Guayaquil basada en los artesanos y nuevos emprendedores con  la búsqueda actual de puntos de venta, que les genere una ventaja competitiva al respecto a las grandes industrias que se están generando en el día a día, con los avances tecnológicos. Actualmente los artesanos han buscado canales tecnológicos como redes sociales para mantenerse comunicados con sus clientes a un bajo costo, por que seguir en ferias, a pesar que ya tiene su segmento de mercado definido, las  ferias generan un wow en la mente de los visitante y potenciales consumidores.  la feria el mercadito, que actualmente en la ciudad esta posesionada en la mente del guayaquileño y tiene la creación de valor en su segmento de mercado debido, que ofrece no tan solo un lugar de compra, sino un lugar para pasarla con familia, amigos, logrando que exista ese lazo entre el retail y el consumidor.
Caracterización de 1.967 casos de fallecimientos por accidentes de tránsito en Ecuador
Authors: Gómez García Antonio R. , Ayala Heredia Mónica , Campos Villalta Yolis Y.
Published: September 2018

Ecuador presenta una tendencia ascendente de los fallecidos por AT, debido a los índices de motorización y aumento de la población (1998-2015). Caracterizar los fallecimientos por AT en Ecuador según (i) tipología del siniestro, (ii) características del vehículoimplicado y (iii) causas probables que dieron origen a estos eventosen el 2016. Material – Métodos: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal de 1.967 casos de personas fallecidas en 30.269 siniestros por AT, recopilados a través de fuentes oficiales. Se presentan estadísticos descriptivos y tasa estandarizada para cada una de las variables objeto de estudio (x 100 siniestros). Resultados: los hombres (81%) con edades comprendías entre los 25 a 64 años de edad (47,9%) presentan mayor prevalencia de fallecimientos por AT.Los atropellos de vehículos a peatones (n=451; Tasa=14,9), pérdida de pista y choques ocupan los primeros puestos según tipología, en particular, en usuarios de automóviles y motocicletas. Lasprincipales causas más prevalentes de los fallecimientospor AT son: el incumplimiento de las normas de tránsito (n=736; Tasa= 37,4) y el exceso de velocidad (n=259; Tasa= 13,2); conducir bajo la influencia de alcohol y otras sustancias se sitúa en el último puesto (n=76; 3,9%). Conclusiones: el factor humano es el principal responsable de los fallecimientos por AT. Los hallazgos encontrados manifiestan la necesidad prioritaria de dirigir acciones públicas para la educación vial en conductores (motociclistas – usuarios de vehículos) y peatones.
La identidad cultural y su incidencia en la inclusión educativa en niños de Sexto Año Básica de la Escuela Particular "Julio Jaramillo"
Authors: Cachupud Morocho María Rocío
Published: September 2018

En la mayoría de las instituciones educativas del país existen diversos inconvenientes relacionados con la carencia de identidad cultural y más si en ese grupo hay estudiantes con problemas de adaptación. Al ser estos detectados es necesario utilizar las metodologías pedagógicas y conductuales adecuadas a la problemática que presenta para iniciar su inclusión. Por esta razón se realiza el presente trabajo de investigación en la escuela particular de educación básica “Julio Jaramillo” dirigida a los alumnos de sexto año de básica. Ciertas características están relacionadas a la falta de identidad cultural, debido a la adopción de festividades y patrones de conducta de otros lugares, por lo cual el objetivo principal es enseñar e incentivar a los educandos sobre su herencia cultural y no tener prejuicios con quienes son diferente en ciertos aspectos. Para conocer la problemática se realizó investigación de carácter científico recopilando diversos puntos de vista con temas relacionados a las variables de estudios, respaldado de la parte legal. La investigación metodológica se basó en la metodología cualitativa y cuantitativa que permite la recopilación de los datos en el mismo lugar donde se presenta la problemática detectada, utilizando las técnicas e instrumentos para la realización de las encuestas y entrevista a los involucrados de forma directa, realizando la descripción de la actitud de los individuos con relación a la falta de identidad cultural que presentan los alumnos en la institución educativa. Finalmente se desarrolla la propuesta para los estudiantes de sexto año de básica la cual es una guía didáctica lúdica para el fortalecimiento de la identidad cultural y su incidencia en la inclusión
Colecistectomía: anestesia general vs anestesia peridural en pacientes con virus inmunodeficiencia humana en el hospital de infectología. Dr Jose Rodriguez Maridueña, período enero 2013 - diciembre 2014
Authors: Osorio Morales Angela del Rocío , Luna Rodríguez Hugo Antonio
Published: September 2018

El objetivo de este artículo fue comparar los efectos obtenidos durante la anestesia general versus anestesia epidural en pacientes con Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana que se les realizo Colecistectomía Abierta  en el Hospital de Infectología durante el período  2013 -2014. Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo-prospectivo observacional" se compararon ambos grupos los cuales recibieron medicación pre-quirúrgica con ranitidina, metoclopramida ketorolaco y cefazolina. Del estudio realizado de los 44 pacientes  con VIH que se realizo colecistectomía abierta, con valoración ASA  I  fueron 26 pacientes (59%), observamos que  la hipotensión arterial se presento en 3 pacientes (11%)  que recibieron anestesia general  y  4 pacientes (24% )que recibieron anestesia epidural , siendo  controlada con reposición de líquidos. El  síntoma mas frecuente de estos pacientes en postquirúrgico  fue  dolor 10 pacientes (23%) sea en la herida quirúrgica o en el sitio de la punción T9-T10.
Reseña sobre el comportamiento de compra de los consumidores mediante el retailing de la ciudad de Guayaquil
Authors: San Lucas Vanegas Richard I. , Tolozano Lapierre Michelle S.
Published: September 2018

En este estudio cualitativo se investigará el análisis que tiene el comportamiento de compra de los consumidores mediante el merchandising y el retailing de  la ciudad de Guayaquil , Los tipos de recolección de información son la observación, esta herramienta se aplica directamente a los sujetos de estudio se realizó una reseña histórica del pasado y actual comercio en Guayaquil. Como técnica de recolección de datos se procederá con la corriente fenomenológica que permite establecer, por medio de la observación un análisis, en el que el grueso de la información es interpretativo puesto que describe fenómenos, personas, situaciones, eventos, comportamientos y actitudes de los consumidores. Se identificarán categorías para establecer qué factores influyen en los consumidores en el momento de comprar de  la ciudad de Guayaquil.
Signposts in the Landscape: Marks and Identity among the Negev Highland Bedouin
Authors: Eisenberg-Degen Davida , Schmidt Joshua , Nash George H.
Published: September 2018

Over the course of the past millennia, pastoral nomads migrated from the Arabian Peninsula and neighbouring regions into the Negev desert. Particularly with the last major wave of Bedouin migration in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, these groups introduced the 'Bedouin Phase' into Negev rock art, a tradition that was central to the Negev Bedouin culture up until the mid to late twentieth century. The 'Bedouin Phase' is mostly made up of combinations of abstract marks, many of which signify tribal affiliations, and a limited number of Arabic inscriptions. Frequently engraved near earlier motifs, the Bedouin tribal markings formed a link with the past while also indicating to their intended audience landownership rights and resource-use entitlement. Rapid and broad changes took place in Bedouin society and culture as it transformed from being semi-nomadic and pastoral-based to being more dependent on agriculture and finally to a broad-based wage labour economy. The article describes how the placement of rock art within the landscape and the function it played for the Bedouin in the region reflects these changes. In the absence of official documentation, the study of Bedouin rock art is of special interest, since these engravings enable a fresh perspective on current-day Bedouin claims to ancestral or historical land ownership rights.
Post-Disaster Development among Yushu Peri-Urban Nomads: Local Agency, Risk Perception and Legal Framework (Qinghai Province, PRC)
Authors: Chies Monia
Published: September 2018

Land degradation, overgrazing, poverty and a lack of education are the rationales invoked in the last decades for the resettling of the nomadic communities of Qinghai province. But what if a 'post-disaster' intervention suddenly becomes the main catalyst for the implementation of such measures? In the wake of the 2010 Yushu earthquake, reconstruction works completely reshaped the highly damaged urban centre of Jyekundo, as well as some of the nomadic areas of the Yushu Tibetan Prefecture. In particular, this article discusses the case of Baji village, a newly-built resettlement situated on the southern outskirts of the city near Yushu Batang Airport. Conceived as a model for the development of rural tourism, this nomadic resettlement is taken as a case-study for analysing the interplay of 'post-disaster' reconstruction policies, pre-earthquake development programmes, local responses and risk perception between 2010 and 2017.
Continuity and Change in Social Networks among Borana Women in Northern Kenya
Authors: Khalif Zeinabu Kabale , Oba Gufu
Published: September 2018

This work explores informal
marro
reciprocity networks and formal women's groups among Waso Borana women in northern Kenya, across four variables: livelihood types, wealth ranks, age ranges and literacy levels.
Marro
exchanges rely on household resources, while women's groups are attractive due to financial benefits available from external sources. We found that all women in our study participate in the informal
marro
social networks, over-half registered as group members. Women's groups are more popular among the very poor, sedentary households and peri-urban households as opposed to pastoral households. In the
marro
networks, the use of labour appears to be popular, as opposed to sharing food and cash. The frequency of participation varies with the needs and opportunities of the women. Farming households participate more rarely in exchanges, compared to groups with other livelihood types - an indication of their poverty and the scarcity of resources. The introduction of cash loans turns out to be a challenge and a strength for both networks. The role played by food aid in informal
marro
networks prompted mixed responses from women. Although the majority of peri-urban and farming households reported that food aid has no adverse impact on
marro
, the agro-pastoral households perceive that it has a positive impact, while pastoral households reported a negative impact. The growth of women's groups is linked to the attraction of socio-economic opportunities through collective income-generating activities. Membership of a group affords women the chance to start income-generating activities, as well as becoming more aware of their rights at the domestic level.
A Condensed History of the Public Administration of Pastoralism in Mongolia
Authors: Ahearn Ariell
Published: September 2018

This article provides a historical overview of the administration of mobile pastoralism in Mongolia, with a focus on the period from 1924 to the early 2010s. The historical links between pastoralist land use and governance administrative structures provides a context in which to better understand changing legal frameworks in Mongolia today. Common development discourses and research on contemporary pastoralism tend to overlook the many ways in which herders participate in local governance institutions. An aim of the article is to demonstrate that both environmental and political conditions have shaped the organisation of pastoralism over time. The legacy of these histories and how they are enacted today should be a consideration in the planning and design of rural development projects.
Disaster, Mobility, and the Moral Economy of Exchange in Mongolian Pastoralism
Authors: Murphy Daniel
Published: September 2018

Mongolian pastoralists attempt to reduce
dzud
(disaster) risk and mitigate its impacts through a variety of strategies including cross-boundary movement. This article explores a case study of cross-boundary movement among Mongolia pastoralists during a dzud disaster event in 2008, and how these movements were accomplished through negotiated formal 'winter
otor
contracts' as well as informal exchanges with administrators. Moreover, case studies of contract negotiation and exchange are discussed by situating them within local and scholarly debates about corruption in Mongolia. In doing so, the analysis highlights how both tensions between reciprocal ethics of mutual aid and hierarchical tendencies toward patronage shape the outcomes of movement in terms of herd loss and future pastoral viability.
Motorcycles on the Steppe: Skill, Social Change, and New Technologies in Postsocialist Northern Mongolia
Authors: Fraser Richard
Published: September 2018

In this paper, I explore the use of motorcycles among herding households in Mongolia, which are fast becoming ubiquitous features of everyday life. First, I outline the position of technology in academic debates and the tendency to envision technological change in teleological and revolutionary terms. Approached from a revised perspective of skilled practice, I argue against such accounts, emphasising the polydirectional ways in which people experience technological change. I present ethnographic material describing how herding households use motorcycles in the postsocialist era, including their impact on herding strategies, the everyday practices around the
ger
(yurt), and their connection to subsidiary technologies such as mobile phones. I show that technological change is not experienced as a transition from 'tradition' to 'modernity', as bringing about singular improvements, or as replacing pre-existing technologies in a unilinear way. Instead, they are experienced as affording improvements and limitations, generating new skills and deskillment, leading to variations between different kinds of household, and blurring the distinctions between the traditional and the modern, the socialist and the postsocialist, and the nomadic and the sedentary.
Influence of sulphur and potassium levels on yield and yield attribute of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)
Authors: Ahmad Farhan , Ahmad Junaid , Nawaz Haq , Abbas Muhammad Waseem , Shah Minhaj Ali , Iqbal Sarmad , Mehmood Zahid , Ali Mehran
Published: September 2018

A field experiment on influence of sulphur and potassium levels on yield and yield attributes of sesame was conducted in Agronomy Research Farm, University of Agriculture Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) during Kharif season, 2017. Varying levels of sulphur (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg ha-l) and potassium (0, 25, 50 and 75 kg ha-l) were applied to experimental plots. The results revealed that sesame significantly responded to the application of sulphur and potassium up to 50 kg ha-l for growth, quality, yield and yield attributes of sesame. The taller plant (76.83 cm), maximum number of branches per plant (3.87), more number of capsules per plant (43.82), more number of seeds per capsules (59.36), maximum seed yield (673 kg ha-1), maximum stover yield (1078 kg ha-1), more oil content (48.76 %) and maximum oil yield (291.7 kg ha-1) were noticed where 50 kg ha-1 sulphur treated. On the contrary taller plant (76.97 cm), maximum number of branches per plant (3.93), more number of capsules per plant (42.77), more number of seeds per capsules (59.36), maximum seed yield (617 kg ha-1), maximum stover yield (1043 kg ha-1), more oil content (48.65 %) and maximum oil yield (286.6 kg ha-1) were recorded from 50 kg ha-1 potassium treatments.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(2): 147-150, August 2018
Effect of application frequency of naphthalene acetic acid on physiomorphological characters and yield of brinjal
Authors: Hoque AKM Ariful , Ahmed Quazi Maruf , Rahman Md Moshiur , Islam Md Ashraful
Published: September 2018

A field experiment on brinjal (Solanum melongena cv of brinjal) was conducted at the research field of Regional Horticulture Research Station, Shibpur, Narsingdi during the rabi season of 2016-2017 to find out the suitable application frequency of Napthalene acetic acid (NAA) for higher and profitable yield of brinjal. Napthalene acetic acid (NAA) 40 ppm were sprayed at the different days interval after transplanting (DAT) and flowering initial stage (FIS) of brinjal. Distilled water spray (control) (T0) and five treatments of NAA applications were spraying at 15 DAT (T1), spraying at 15 DAT and at 1st FIS (T2), spraying at 15 DAT then thrice spray at 15 days interval starting from 1st FIS (T3), one spray before 7 days of first flower initiation and thrice spray at 7 days interval starting from1st flower initiation stage (T4) and one spray before 15 days of first flower initiation and thrice spray at 15 days interval starting from 1st flower initiation stage (T5). The NAA application frequencies had no significant effect on plant height, number of leaves/plant, leaf area/plant and specific leaf weight. The T2 and T4 treatments showed identical performances in respect of all parameters and T2 treatment gave maximum total dry matter/plant, long and medium styled flower percent, fruit set percent, number of fruits/plan and fruit yield per hectare.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(2): 151-155, August 2018
Determination of economic efficiency of deep placement and foliar application of urea fertilizer through the performance of boro rice cv. BRRI dhan29
Authors: Aktar Tahmina , Rahman Md Rashedur , Abedin Md Anwarul , Alam AHM Jahangir
Published: September 2018

Rice is the most extensively cultivated cereal crops in Bangladesh and nitrogenous fertilizer, especially urea is the most pressing fertilizer to supply nutrient in the paddy field. With this view, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of deep placement and foliar application of urea fertilizer on BRRI dhan29 rice cultivar in boro season at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during December 2015 to May 2016. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design considering twelve treatments with three replications. The treatments were- T0 ( No N application), T1 [140 kg N/ha (as prilled urea)], T2 (1.8 g 1-USG + 5 foliar spray @ 1% N solution), T3 (1.8 g 1-USG + 5foliar spray @ 1.5% N solution), T4 (1.8 g 1-USG + 5 foliar spray @ 2% N solution), T5 (1.8 g 2-USG), T6 (2.7 g 1-USG), T7 (2.7 g 1-USG + 3 foliar spray @ 1% N solution), T8 (2.7 g 1-USG + 3 foliar spray @ 1.5% N solution), T9 (2.7 g 1-USG + 3 foliar spray @ 2% N solution), T10 (1.8 g 2-USG + 3 t/ha cowdung), T11 (2.7 g 1-USG + 3 t/ha cowdung). Results showed that the grain and straw yield of the rice variety responded significantly to the application of prilled urea (PU), deep placement of USG and foliar application of N. The highest grain yield (4.8 t/ha) was recorded in T8 which was identical to the yield (4.7 t/ha) obtained in T3. The highest straw yield (6.0 t/ha) was found in T5. The lowest grain yield (3.7 t/ha) and straw yield (4.5 t/ha) were found in T0. Considering the economic efficiency, the treatment T8 showed the maximum gross margin and marginal gross margin with lowest cost per unit of product. Therefore, to get highest grain yield (4.8 t/ha), 82 kg N/ha as USG and 3 foliar spray of N @1.5% concentration i.e. total 219 Kg urea/ha can be applied to the rice field of BRRI dhan29. This will save an amount of 81 Kg urea per rice growing season per hectare.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(2): 157-164, August 2018
A survey of potato growers in Bangladesh: production and challenges
Authors: Nasif Saifullah Omar , Sani Md Nasir Hossain , Islam Md Saiful , Touhidujjaman Md , Punam Kaniz Fatema , Ali Md Razzab
Published: September 2018

The study was conducted in the 20 upazila of 10 selected major potato growing districts of Bangladesh to find out the present potato cultivation status, challenges, diversity of pests and their risks management options among the farmers. The data were collected through interview of 500 potato farmers considering 25 potato farmers from each upazila. Infections of diseases were reported to be the major problems followed by lower market price of the produced potato. Other major problems faced during potato cultivation were insect pest attack and weed attack. The BARI Alu-7 (Diamant) was most susceptible potato variety to insect pests and diseases, whereas the Lal-pakhri was the least susceptible to pests. Most of the fields (98.50%) were infested by cutworm. Among these pests, cutworm and aphid were identified as major pests and caused high and moderate infestations respectively. Others were identified as minor pests of potato with low infestations. Potato tuber worm was found as the key pest in storage condition. Rat was reported as the most infesting vertebrate storage pests. Currently cutworm and aphid were more damaging insect pest of potato in field condition than previous infestation, and potato tuber worm was more damaging insect pest in storage. Insecticide spray is the most favorable pest control method among the potato growers. Only a little portion of farmers have knowledge about integrated pest management (IPM) practices. So, it is expected the proper awareness program and planning will be taken to handle such challenges.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(2): 165-174, August 2018
Multi–drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk, chicken meat, beef and egg in Bangladesh
Authors: Rahman Mohammad Anisur , Rahman AKM Anisur , Islam Md Ariful , Alam Md Mahbub
Published: September 2018

Staphylococcal infection is one of the most common food-borne diseases in the world. Moreover, antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic bacteria, including Staphylococcus (S.) aureus is an emerging problem of food safety. This study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of S. aureus in milk, chicken meat, egg and beef; and to determine the multi-drug resistance (MDR) profile of S. aureus in Mymensingh and Gazipur districts, Bangladesh. A total of 189 samples of milk (n=108), chicken meat (n=51), egg (n=20) and beef (n=10) were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural University dairy farm, American dairy farm, Gazipur and different dairy farms of municipal area and retail shops during July 2016 to June 2018. S. aureus were isolated and identified by conventional methods and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were done through disc diffusion test using 10 commonly used antibiotics. The overall prevalence of S. aureus in all food samples was 43.39%. A total of 39 (76.47%) chicken meat, 25 (23.15%) milk, 11(55%) egg and 07 (70%) beef samples were S. aureus positive through conventional method. Among 82 culture positive samples only 39 samples (47.56%) were confirmed by PCR. Antibiogram study showed that S. aureus isolated from chicken meat were mostly resistant to oxytetracycline (71.79%); and highly sensitive to amikacin (100%) and neomycin (100%). S. aureus isolated from milk samples were highly sensitive to neomycin (100%), and resistant to amikacin (56%). Only 28.57% isolates of S. aureus originated from beef samples were resistant to oxytetracycline and 100 % isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, erythromycin, azithromycin, doxycycline. Similarly, S. aureus isolated from egg samples were resistant to erythromycin (81.82%) and 100% sensitive to amikacin. Out of 41.46% MDR isolates 12%, 53.85%, 90.91% and 0% of the S. aureus originated from milk, chicken meat, egg and beef respectively. The higher prevalence of S. aureus in chicken meat, beef, egg and milk indicates unhygienic production, marketing and processing of these foods. Presence of MDR S. aureus in these foods might pose serious public health threats. Rational use of antibiotics with higher sensitivity should be prescribed in managing poultry diseases to reduce re-emerging MDR in Bangladesh.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(2): 175-183, August 2018
Glycated haemoglobin acts as an indicator of dislipidemia in patients with Type II diabetes mellitus
Authors: Sahrin Sumaia , Jharna Dilruba Easmin , Khan M Shafiqul Islam , Debnath Jayati , Talukder Suman
Published: September 2018

Diabetic patients with associated dyslipidemia are easy targets for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Glycated hemoglobin predicts the risk for the development of diabetic complications. This study was an attempt to determine lipid abnormalities associated with Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus and association between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and serum lipid profile to assess the importance of HbA1c as an indicator of dyslipidemia and future risk of cardiovascular disease in Bhola District, Barisal. In this cross-sectional study, 200 known patients of Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus within 35-85 years of age were randomly selected. They were investigated for HbA1c and lipid profile. The data were evaluated by Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 16.0 version software. Independent samples t-test (2-tailed) was used to compare means of anthropometric, clinical and laboratory parameters and the effect of the glycemic control on their lipid profile was determined using correlation coefficient. Amongst the study group, 65% patients showed poor glycemic control, 35% with good glycemic control and 59.60% patient’s haddyslipidemia.HbA1c was found to have significant positive correlation with total cholesterol (TCHO), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) and triglycerides (TG) and significant negative correlation with high density lipoprotein (HDL-C). The mean value of TC, LDL-C and TG was found to be lower in patients with good glycemic control than those with poor glycemic control. These differences were significant at the level of P<0.05. These findings conclude that the glycemic control of the patient has got a strong impact on the serum lipid level and dyslipidemia is frequently encountered in those who have got poor glycemic control.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.5(2): 185-192, August 2018