bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Oil sludge barns as objects of accumulated environmental damage and sources of public health risks
Authors: May Irina V. , Maksimova Ekaterina V. , Termulaeva Rita M. , Khamidov Rizvan H. , Sardalova Leila E. , Iripkhanov Ismail I.
Published: January 2023

Introduction. The research is vital given the task to quantify public health risks caused by objects of accumulated environmental damage. A health risk is a criterion to establish what objects of accumulated environmental damage should be considered priority ones for elimination. Our research goal was to assess and characterize public health risks caused by oil sludge barns located in Argun municipal district in Chechnya, Russian Federation to determine whether this object of accumulated environmental damage should be considered a priority for elimination. The object is typical for this type of waste storage. Materials and methods. Our research concentrated on examining oil sludge barns with the total volume of wastes exceeding one hundred thirty thousand cubic meters. They were located within a settlement less than 50 meters away from the closest residential area. Approximately 40.2 thousand people permanently reside in a zone exposed to the analyzed object. We collected and analyzed background data on the object and performed wide-scale instrumental measurements of soils, drinking water, ambient air and food in the zone influenced by the object. Overall, we accomplished more than 400 tests to estimate safety and quality of soils, drinking water from non-centralized water supply sources and ambient air. Results. We established soils, drinking water from non-centralized water supply sources, and ambient air to be polluted with chemicals typical for oil sludge barns in the zone located next to the object, the closest residential area included. Major risk factors were oil products and their specific components, heavy metals (copper, arsenic, cadmium, and lead), and benz(a)pyrene. The total health risk for people living in the closest settlements was rated as “high”. Limitations. All the obtained estimates, health risk rates included, describe oil sludge barns located in a zone with specific geological and climatic-geographic conditions and in close proximity to residential areas. Conclusion. Assigning the analyzed object into a “high risk category” allows considering it a priority for elimination and it is mandatory to include it in the list of objects that should be eliminated immediately. After the object is eliminated, this territory is aimed for housing development. With bearing this in mind, it seems advisable to perform comparative control examinations of the environment after all the works on eliminating the accumulated environmental damage have been completed.
The thermal state of body when using personal protective equipment against biological factors
Authors: Bukhtiyarov Igor V. , Geregey Andrei M. , Krasnova Svetlana V. , Konyukhov Aleksei V. , Sazhina Maria V. , Malakhova Inga S. , Burmistrova Olga V. , Losik Tatiana K. , Merkulova Anastasia G. , Kalinina Svetlana A.
Published: January 2023

Introduction. The article presents the study results of the effect of personal protective equipment (PPE) from biological factors on the functional state of the medical workers’ body and thermoregulatory reactions when working in the “biohazard zone” of the infectious department. Materials and methods. The study involved twenty five volunteers (doctors and paramedical staff of the infectious diseases department) performing official duties for 5 hours in the “biohazard zone” with an air temperature of 23.9 ± 1.6 ○C and a relative humidity of 39.2 ± 11.8%. Measurements were carried out before the work shift start, during and within 30 minutes after leaving the “biohazard zone” in a room with a comfortable climatic conditions. Recorded indicators were skin temperature, heat, and moisture sensations on 11 areas of the body surface, body temperature (measured in the armpit), heart rate. Based on the obtained data, there were calculated the following parameters including body surface area, average skin, and body temperature, the change in the body’s heat content for each hour of work, moisture loss, and energy consumption. Results. The use of PPE from biological factors leads to a heat and moisture exchange disorder of the human body with the environment, which is expressed in an increase in “shell” and “core” temperature, moisture loss, energy consumption, and, consequently, overheating, the appearance of uncomfortable sensations, as well as working capacity decrease. Limitations. When studying the thermal state of the body of 25 medical workers, the tension of thermoregulatory mechanisms when using biological PPE was established, depending on the type of work performed, and the severity of the labour process, gender, age, and weight. Conclusion. The obtained results showed the greatest impact on the thermal state during work duties in a comfortable climatic conditions to be exerted by the design and thermophysical properties of PPE from biological factors made of vapour resistant and airtight fabrics, as well as a long stay in the “biohazard zone” along with a high degree of psychological stress of their occupational activities.
Methodical approaches to the detection polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air (analytical review)
Authors: Ulanova Tatyana S. , Karnazhitskaya Tatyana D. , Zorina Anastasiya S. , Starchikova Mariya O.
Published: January 2023

Among the persistent organic pollutants of atmospheric air, a special place is occupied by a group of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) or polyarenes due to their high carcinogenic hazard. In view of the ubiquitous presence of these substances in the atmospheric air, low values of hygienic standards and values of reference concentrations (RfC) for chronic inhalation exposure, the qualitative and quantitative identification of PAHs is the critical task. Purpose is to analyze modern methodological approaches used in laboratory practice to determine polyarenes in atmospheric air on the base of Russian and foreign sources. The paper considers modern methods for the analytical control of PAHs in atmospheric air, officially approved in the Russian Federation and presented in the world literature. The search for literary sources was carried out using the PubMed, RSC Publishing, Springer Nature, SCOPUS, eLIBRARY.RU databases. An analysis of the methodological and scientific and technical literature on methods for the determination of PAHs in atmospheric air made it possible to identify the main directions of methodological developments used in modern laboratory practice for the analytical control of polyarenes in air. The advantages and disadvantages of specific methods, individual stages of analysis, conditions for sampling, storage and transportation of samples, which together can lead to false positive or false negative results, are presented. Conclusion. Modern methods for the analysis of polyarenes in atmospheric air are the result of continuous improvement in the technique of performing individual analytical procedures, the development of new methodological approaches to solving analytical problems, the emergence of new, more advanced measuring and auxiliary equipment, which makes it possible to develop highly sensitive and highly selective methods for measuring toxicants in the human environment at the level of MPCdaily average, MPCone-time and RfC for chronic inhalation exposure.
Improvement of quantitative indicators for assessing non-carcinogenic health risks under chronic inhalation exposure to a chemical
Authors: Shur Pavel Z. , Zaitseva Nina V. , Khasanova Anna A. , Chetverkina Kristina V. , Kostarev Vitaly G.
Published: January 2023

Introduction. Critical organs and systems are not always properly accounted for high levels of inhalation exposure. This is a significant issue in assessing public health risks caused by exposure to chemical pollution in ambient air. Given that, it is necessary to develop methodical approaches that would make it possible to add indicators of negative effects on critical organs and systems when reference concentrations to be revised. These critical organs and systems are susceptible to risks caused by exposure to chemicals in concentrations higher than reference ones. Materials and methods. We performed a systemic review of more than 110 relevant literature sources and regulatory and methodical documents and applied the methodology for health risk assessment to test the obtained results. Results. We suggested an algorithm for creating a system of quantitative indicators that can be used to assess non-carcinogenic health risks under chronic inhalation exposure to a chemical. We tested it to assess risks associated with exposure to hydrogen sulphide and this allowed creating the more precise list of critical organs by including the nervous system into it. In addition, we established that when a concentration of hydrogen sulphide exceeded 0.07 mg/m3, this chemical contributed to disorders of fetal development. Limitations. These developed approaches can be applied exclusively to assess non-carcinogenic risks for public health. Conclusion. We suggested approaches to improving quantitative indicators for assessing public health risks under chronic inhalation exposure to a chemical. These approaches allowed creating a system of indicators. The use of these indicators facilitated the more precise assessment of occurring risks for organs and systems including those caused by exposure to chemical concentrations being higher than the reference level.
PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN KADER DALAM MEMANTAU KADAR KOLESTEROL DARAH GUNA MENINGKATKAN KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT
Authors: Artini Budi , Tjahjono Hendro Djoko
Published: January 2023

Masyarakat yang sehat merupakan salah satu tujuan yang ingin dicapai dalam meningkatkan pelayanan kesehatan di Indonesia. Terkait dengan kesehatan masyarakat, salah satu masalah  yang sering dijumpai adalah keluhan adanya peningkatan kadar kolesterol darah. Kolesterol dalam jumlah seimbang sangat penting bagi tubuh. Terlalu sedikit kolesterol tidaklah sehat, sama dengan terlalu banyak. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah meningkatkan penguasaan keterampilan para kader kesehatan dalam melakukan upaya peningkatan kesehatan masyarakat melalui tindakan pencegahan peningkatan kadar kolesterol di masyarakat. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini dilakukan dengan mengajarkan kepada kader Posyandu dan kader PKK, ketua Tim Penggerak PKK tentang kolesterol dancara pemeriksaan sederhana untuk cek kadar kolesterol. Metode kegiatannya adalah ceramah, penugasan, dan diskusi serta pendampingan. Hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan menunjukkan bahwa kegiatan pelatihan yang berupa ceramah, penugasan, dan workshop yang diikuti oleh 15 peserta hasil pre test dan post test tentang pemahaman pencegahan peningkatan kadar kolesterol darah menunjukkan adanya peningkatan. Ini berarti kriteria yang ditetapkan tercapai, karena persentase penguasaan materi lebih dari 75%. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka pengabdian ini telah berhasil mencapai tujuan. Secara khusus kegiatan ini mampu mendorong menyusun program penanggulangan dan pencegahan peningkatan kadar kolesterol darah pada kelompok-kelompok yang ada di masyarakat, adanya empati yang tinggi dari peserta dan timbul kepedulian dari pemerintah desa terhadap kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat.
PENDAMPINGAN KARANG TARUNA DALAM PEMBENTUKAN POSYANDU KARANG TARUNA DI RW X1II, RT 5 PERUMAHAN KEBRAON INDAH PERMAI KELURAHAN KEBRAON KECAMATAN KARANGPILANG SURABAYA
Authors: Djajanti Cicilia Wahyu , Verdy Maria Odilia , Septiana Rurin , Sukmarani Sumendhe Hayuning , Wardhani Trivosa Permata
Published: January 2023

Masa Remaja adalah masa dimana perkembangan Fisik, psikologis dan mental berkembang dengan Pesat masa dimana seseorang menjalani tugas perkembangan yang semakin matang menunuju kearah dewasa dan bertanggungjawab terhadap segala sesuatu dalam hidupnya . Salah satu nya ada menjaga kesehatan  dan  Kebiasaan Hidup Sehat menjadi sebuah kebutuhan mutlak yang harus  dimiliki oleh setiap orang apalagi dimasa Pandemi ini dimana sosial distancing menjadi sebuah kendala dalam mealukan semua kegiatan di Karang Taruna ..Protokol Kesehatan yang meliputi Cuci tangan sesering mungkin, Jaga Jarak ( Physical Distancing ) ,Gunakan masker hindari  kerumunan . Untuk itu  perlu dilakukan Pendampingan Karang Taruna dalam p Pembentukan Kader Karang Taruna  Sehat di Perumahan Kebraon Indah Permai  , Adapun metode yang digunakan untuk memberikan edukasi kesehatan dengan 2 model yaitu  tatap muka untuk pemeriksaan dan  secara Vitual .  Dari evaluasi pendampingan Karang Taruna dalam menjaga kseshatan masa Remaja sangat efektif  untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan ketrampilan dalam menjaga keseshatan masa remaja.
PELATIHAN DAN PENDAMPINGAN KADER KESEHATAN DALAM TINDAKAN PREVENTIF DAN PERTOLONGAN AWAL KASUS STROKE DI DESA KARANG ANYAR
Authors: Huzaimah Nailiy , Puspitasari Dian Ika
Published: January 2023

Desa Karang Anyar Barat merupakan salah satu desa di Kecamatan Kalianget yang merupakan daerah pesisir. Salah satu permasalahan kesehatan di desa ini adalah tingginya angka kejadian hipertensi. Petugas dan kader kesehatan masih sangat minimal, termasuk fasilitas Posyandu lansia yang memiliki fungsi tidak spesifik mengatasi permasalahan kesehatan lansia, akan tetapi juga permasalahan kesehatan masyarakat umum. Kegiatan di Posyandu Lansia juga masih sebatas pemeriksaan kesehatan dan pemberian terapi farmakologi bagi pasien yang mempunyai keluhan kesehatan. Belum pernah ada kegiatan penyuluhan, pelatihan atau pendampingan dalam penanganan masalah hipertensi. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah untuk memberikan pelatihan dan pendampingan pada kader dalam mendeteksi dini gejala stroke dan penanganan pra rumah sakit kasus stroke sekaligus edukasi stroke kepada penderita hipertensi dan keluarganya. Manfaat kegiatan ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kemampuan kader juga masyarakat dalam tindakan preventif dan pertolongan awal kasus stroke sebelum dibawa ke rumah sakit. Metode yang digunakan adalah pemberian pelatihan yang meliputi materi stroke dan demonstrasi deteksi dini kejadian stroke dan penanganan awal sebelum dibawa ke rumah sakit, pendampingan kader dalam mengelola group media sosial dan memberikan informasi dan layanan kesehatan khusus hipertensi melalui media sosial. Kegiatan pengabdian ini telah memberikan luaran berupa peningkatan pemahaman masyarakat terutama penderita hipertensi, keluarga, dan kader Posyandu tentang penyakit stroke, tanda gejala, prognosis, tindakan awal pertolongan pada stroke sebelum ke rumah sakit, serta meningkatkan keterampilan kader Posyandu dalam melakukan pemeriksaan tekanan darah, mendeteksi gejala stroke, dan berperan serta dalam melakukan upaya promotif dan preventif dalam meningkatkan kesehatan masyarakat.
STIMULASI PERKEMBANGAN PSIKOSOSIAL ANAK USIA PRA SEKOLAH
Authors: Nancye Pandeirot
Published: January 2023

Perkembangan psikososial anak prasekolah adalah proses perkembangan kemampuan anak dalam berinisiatif menyelesaikan masalahnya sendiri sesuai dengan pengetahuannya. Kemampuan ini dapat dicapai dengan maksimal bila didukung dengan peran orang tua dalam menstimulasi perkembangan psikososial anak, tetapi kenyataannya banyak orang tua yang tidak tahu bahwa, salah satu peran orang tua adalah menstimulasi perkembangan psikososial pada anak. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini yaitu untuk memberikan stimulasi perkembangan psikososial anak pada usia prasekolah di Aspol Bangkingan RW 05 Surabaya. Metode yang digunakan pada kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah penyuluhan kesehatan melalui dan pembinaan tentang cara menstimulasi perkembangan psikososial anak. Sasaran pengabdian ini adalah orang tua yang memiliki anak pada usia prasekolah sebanyak 22 orang, dengan Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara memberikan kuesioner mengenai peran orang tua terhadap stimulasi perkembangan psikososial anaknya. Hasil dari  pada evaluasi setelah dilakukan pembinaan didapatkan orang tua yang berperan baik sejumlah 16 (73%), berperan cukup sejumlah 6 (23%) dan tidak ada yang kurang. Hal ini dapat menggambarkan pentingnya memberikan pemahaman dan pendampingan bagaimana cara stimulasi perkembangan psikososial anak pada usia prasekolah terutama pada orang tua yang bekerja.
PELATIHAN KADER TENTANG DETEKSI DINI TUMBUH KEMBANG ANAK DI POSYANDU KELURAHAN DARMO SURABAYA
Authors: Sari Ethyca , Dinarsi Herisa , - Intiyaswati
Published: January 2023

Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan meningkatkan pengetahuan kader Posyandu tentang tumbuh kembang anak melakukan pelatihan deteksi dini kelainan tumbuh kembang anak. Metode pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang digunakan adalah ceramah, diskusi, lomba dalam mengerjakan protes dan post-tes, serta praktek deteksi dini kelainan tumbuh kembang anak di Posyandu. Materi pelatihan mencakup deteksi kelainan tumbuh kembangan anak tinjauan psikologis – linguistik ( Psikolinguistik ) dan edukatif, gizi anak dalam masa pertumbuhan, serta pencegahan dan penanggulangan kelainan tumbuh kembang pada anak. Peserta 20 kader kesehatan Posyandu Kelurahan Darmo , Kecamatan Wonokromo . Kegiatan ini berlangsung pada  bulan November 2019 . Hasil yang diperoleh adalah seluruh peserta menyatakan pelatihan ini sangat bermanfaat uentuk mengenali secara kelainan tumbuh kembang anak di Posyandu Model lomba sangat memacu rasa ingin tahu dan antusias peserta.80 % peserta menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan tentang deteksi dini tumbuh kembang 100 % peserta bisa melakukan deteksi dini kelainan tumbuh kembang anak di Posyandu.
PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN KELUARGA TENTANG DETEKSI DINI GANGGUAN JIWA
Authors: Halawa Aristina
Published: January 2023

Deteksi  gejala  dini  dalam gangguan  jiwa  perlu  disosialisasikan  kepada  masyarakat  luas  agar  tidak  terjadi  keterlambatan  penanganan  pada  fase  awal  yang dapat disembuhkan. Masyarakat yang telah memahami tentang tanda dan gejala gangguan jiwa maka mereka akan dapat mengambil keputusan dengan mudah ketika mereka menemukan tanda dan gejala itu untuk dibawa ke pelayanan kesehatan sehingga proses pengobatannya akan alebih mudah. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian masayrakat ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan keluarga tentang deteksi dini gangguan jiwa. Metode yang digunakan adalah memberikan penyuluhan kesehatan kepada keluarga yang yang sedang berkunjung ke Poliklinik Rumah sakit Jiwa sebanyak 15 keluarga penderita skizofrenia. Tehnik pengambilan data dilakukan dengan melkaukan pretest dan postest setelah memberikan penyuluhan kesehatan. Hasil dari pengabdian masyarakat ini menunjukkan perubahan pengetahuan peserta setelah mendapatkan penyuluhan kesehatan dimana jumlah peserta yang memiliki pengetahuan baik dari 4 peserta (27%) menjadi 11 Peserta (73%) dan peserta yang pengetahuannya kurang dari 7 (46%) menjadi 0 atau tidak ada. Dengan meningkatnya pengetahuan ini maka keluarga akan mampu meningkatkan perannya dalam melakukan deteksi dini adanya gangguan jiwa pada anggota keluarganya dan dapat melakukan upaya pencegaha sehingga lebih mudah diatasi atau tidak berlanjut pada keadaan yang lebih parah.
Niet-medicamenteuze behandeling van ADHD bij kleuters, een systematische review
Authors: Moenaert L. , Danckaerts M. , De la Marche W. , Bels M.
Published: January 2023

Non-pharmacological Treatment of ADHD in preschoolers, a systematic review

Objective: Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) can be diagnosed from the age of 36 months. The Superior Health Council recommends a parent training program to be offered for children from the age of three when they exhibit behavioral problems suggestive of ADHD. This systematic review investigates the evidence for non-pharmacological interventions. It also investigates if there is a preferential choice.

Methods: A search was performed in Pubmed and Web of Science. Randomized controlled trials since 2013 investigating non-pharmacological interventions for ADHD in children under six years of age were included. Exclusion criteria were language and articles in which the effect on ADHD symptoms was not described. The quality of the studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials.

Results: Eighteen articles were included, most of which described parent training. Parent training had a moderate to large effect on ADHD symptoms reported by parents (non blinded). The observed effects persisted for up to 12 months. A preferential choice in specific parent training program was not found. Other interventions included teacher training, cognitive training and yoga.

Conclusion: Despite limited evidence from blinded raters, parent training is recommended as a treatment for preschoolers with ADHD. Alternatives have not yet been sufficiently researched.
Mualliflik huquqlarini jamoaviy boshqaruv tashkilotlarining huquqiy maqomi va vakolatlarning o‘ziga xos xususiyatlari, ularning fuqarolik-huquqiy tahlili
Authors: Yakubova Iroda
Published: January 2023

Intellektual mulk bozorining mustahkamlanishi va rivojlanishi, qolaversa, muallifning mulkiy huquqlarini individual himoya qilish va boshqarishning qiyinlashuvi mualliflarning mulkiy huquqlarini jamoaviy asosda boshqaruvchi tashkilotlarga ehtiyoj tug‘dirdi va ularning paydo bo‘lishiga olib keldi. So‘nggi yillarda dunyo miqyosida intellektual mulk, xususan, mualliflik huquqi muhofazasini taʼminlash va uning himoyasini kuchaytirish bo‘yicha bir qator islohotlar amalga oshirilmoqda. Bu islohotlar mualliflarning huquq va qonuniy manfaatlarini taʼminlash, mualliflik asarlaridan ruxsatisiz foydalanishga chek qo‘yish, mualliflik haqini adolatli to‘lanishi va mualliflik huquqiga oid huquqbuzarliklar uchun javobgarlik choralarini kuchaytirish kabi masalalar bilan bog‘liq. Qolaversa, mualliflik asarlaridan ruxsatisiz foydalanish va mualliflarga mualliflik haqini adolatli to‘lanmatyotganlik holatlarining ko‘pligi muallifning mulkiy huquqlarini jamoaviy asosda boshqarish institutini rivojlantirish zaruratining kuchayib borayotganligidan ham dalolat beradi. Mamakatimizda o‘z yechimini kutayogan bir qancha masalalar mavjud bo‘lib, mualliflik-huquqiy munosabatlarni tartibga solish, xususan, uning muhofazasida mualliflik huquqlarini jamoaviy boshqarish va mualliflik shartnomasi bilan bog‘liq jarayonlarni tadqiq etish dolzarb vazifa hisoblanadi. Shuninhdek, maqolada ushbu institutni takomillashtirish bilan bog‘liq ayrim dolzarb muammolarga, mualliflik huquqini himoya qilishning xalqaro standartlariga va milliy qonunchilikning qiyosiy-huquqiy tahliliga, shuningdek, O‘zbekiston va boshqa mamlakatlar olimlarining fikrlariga eʼtibor qaratilgan. Mualliflik huquqini rivojlantirish uchun ilmiy va amaliy ahamiyatga ega bo‘lgan taklif va tavsiyalar ilgari surildi.
Мутахассис тайёрлайдиган олий ўқув юртларида талабаларнинг оғзаки нутқ кўникмаларини виртуал ёндашув асосида шакллантириш
Authors: Муҳаммедов Азиз , Элова Умида
Published: January 2023

Ушбу мақолада  тил билишнинг ҳақиқий иқтисодий қийматга эга эканлиги, хорижий тилларни ва ўзга маданиятларни ўқитиш ва ўрганиш, халқаро ҳамжамият билан ижтимоий-иқтисодий, маданий ҳамда фан нуқтаи назаридан алоқаларнинг ривожланиши ва тажриба алмашинув жараёнида муҳим ўрин тутиши каби масалалар акс эттирилган. Шунингдек, виртуал олам билан тизимли ишлашни йўлга қўйиш ва бу борада ахборот технологияларидан мақсадли фойдаланиб, оғзаки нутқ кўникмаларини шакллантиришнинг айрим омил ва воситалари ҳақида фикр ва тавсиялар берилган.
Barriers and Challenges of an Outsource Hospital Foodservice Operation: A Narrative Thematic Analysis
Authors: Osman Noor Suzana , Md Nor Norazmir , Md Sharif Mohd Shazali , Rahamat Syafiqah , Abdul Hamid Syahrul Bariah
Published: January 2023

Introduction: Hospital foodservice is one of the key performance metrics that should be constantly monitored to maintain and improve the quality of hospital services. However, hospital foodservice must overcome obstacles and constraints that can impact the quality of services supplied. This study explored the barriers and challenges foodservice employees encountered during food production and serving meals to patients. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted with thirteen foodservice employees (N = 13) at a government hospital in Selangor, Malaysia, that outsourced its foodservice operations. The interviewees were chosen based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The interviews were audiotaped, transcribed, and analyzed using narrative, and thematic analysis. Results: The narrative findings reported foodservice employees were able to define their job in the foodservice department and describe their responsibilities in delivering sufficient quality of service to patients. The findings showed foodservice staff confronts barriers and challenges related to the type of foodservice operation, budget allocation, menu served, employee issues, meal preparation, and equipment. Employees also proposed that the government should regularly revise the foodservice contract specifications, budget allocation, and upgrade the equipment used during meal preparation and delivery to patients for future improvement. Conclusion: Future studies should be conducted in different hospital settings, including government, semi-government and private hospitals or foodservice operation systems such as in-house and outsourced operations or centralized and decentralized plating systems to explore other barriers and challenges that may affect the overall foodservice performance. Therefore, intervention studies can be proposed to improve their operation in the future.
An Ecological Impact Fund
Authors: Pogge Thomas
Published: January 2023

The Ecological Impact Fund (EIF) is a proposed new international financing facility that would enable originators of innovative green technologies to exchange some of their monopoly privileges in return for impact rewards.The invited exchange would apply only in the lower-income countries: originators choosing to forgo their monopoly markups in this EIF Zone would receive annual premiums based on the emission reductions achieved with deployments of their “greenovation” in that EIF Zone.The EIF’s main purpose is greatly to improve the diffusion of impactful green technologies in the Global South. It would do so first by inducing participating originators to waive licensing fees and monopoly markups, and second by giving these originators a financial interest in the wide and effective use of their participating innovations. In addition, the EIF would stimulate development of additional greenovations that – tailored to prevailing needs, cultures, circumstances, and preferences in the EIF Zone – would be especially impactful there. These two effects would produce a third: the EIF would help build capacities to develop, manufacture, distribute, install, operate, and maintain greenovations in the EIF Zone.
 
Received: 17 December 2022 | Revised: 10 January 2023 | Accepted: 10 January 2023 
 
Conflicts of Interest
Thomas Pogge is an editorial board member for Green and Low-Carbon Economy, and was not involved in the editorial review or the decision to publish this article. The author declares that he has no conflicts of interest to this work.
PROBLEMS IN SUPPLY CHAIN OF POMEGRANATE (Punica Granatum) IN ARGHANDAB DISTRICT, KANDAHAR PROVINCE, AFGHANISTAN
Authors: AZIMI SURGUL , RAGASHTAI AZIZUL RAHMAN
Published: January 2023

Pomegranate plant has been grown since ancient times for its delicious fruits and as an ornamental garden for its red, orange or occasionally, creamy yellow flowers. Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) belongs to the Punicaceae family. It is also known as the Chinese Apple or Carthage or Apple with many seeds. About 12 per cent of the total land in Afghanistan is arable and less than 6 per cent currently is cultivated. Agriculture is the backbone of the Afghan economy; according to the statistical book FY (2017-18) the contribution agriculture to the country Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was 20.9 per cent while the labor force engaged in this sector is around 60.8 per cent. The annual growth rate of pomegranate production in Afghanistan was predicted at 2.9 per cent (Fitrat, 2014). Pomegranate contribute of the total population of Afghanistan was about (2) per cent to the total horticultural production in Afghanistan. The local varieties grown in the main production areas of Kandahar province are known for their high quality and productivity. Different varieties of pomegranates are produced in Afghanistan and supplied to the local markets. Through the maturity time of the crop varies according to the climatic conditions, usually the fruit comes into the market during summer and continues into the fall season. The Agriculture sector is entirely run by private enterprise, including farmers, cooperatives, inputs suppliers, herders, agribusiness processors, and exporters. Kandahar province is recognized worldwide for its high quality pomegranate production especially the Kandahar varieties, which are highly preferred by national and international consumers. Of the total land under pomegranate cultivation in the country, Kandahar share is about 36.7 per cent with 39.5 per cent of the total national production. But due to poor orchard management practices, careless production, widespread pest and diseases, lack of quality inputs and lack of technical and financial support to the farmers both quality and quantity of pomegranate is badly affected and gradually decreasing.
Factors influencing Quail Farming: A critical literature review
Authors: Kinyua Michael
Published: January 2023

Purpose: This paper aims at generating resourceful information for stakeholders, that is, the department of livestock and Non- Governmental Organizations to implement policies which will promote quail farming as a viable source of protein and income.

Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps.

Findings: there is a need to promote development of quail farming and to factor in the special needs of women when government policies on social activities are being crafted in order to realize the full potential of women contribution in the quail farming. The development of quail farming can be affected by poor market accessibility of quail and its products. The existence of unreliable quail market, lack of market information and lack of organized marketing associations is also a great hindrance to the development quail farming.

Recommendations: The study recommended that more government policies on poultry farming should be developed in order to overcome the numerous challenges faced by women such as poor access to services and information and lack of collateral security and that, the government should promote the formation of marketing associations in order to assist quail farmers to get market for their products.
Geography Teacher Receptiveness for the Implementation of CBC in Eastern Africa Secondary Schools. A Critical Literature Review
Authors: Mundine Mary Mundine
Published: January 2023

Purpose: The curriculum transition and implementation involves changing the perceptions of the tutors, lecturers, teachers, learners, parents and policy makers. The overall objective of this study was to examine Geography teacher receptiveness for the implementation of CBC in Eastern Africa secondary schools. A critical literature review

Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps.

Findings: The findings of the study concluded that most of head teachers and geography teachers had limited understanding of the concept of the CBC. However, some of the respondents agreed that they were to an extent ready to implement the CBC in secondary schools if in-serviced in advance one year before actual implementation. It is therefore, concluded a situation analysis for teachers’ preparedness in other social science disciplines for the  implementation of the CBC in secondary schools should be undertaken. Hence, there should be consistent re-training of teachers and schools’ administrators for effective implementation of the new curriculum.

Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The study recommended that there is need to ensure that teachers are well motivated for classroom instruction. In addition, all secondary schools should have enough classes with adequate space, electricity and internet connectivity to allow effective teaching and learning activities. In that light, literature support that, there is need to assess how CBC will be implemented to gain an understanding on its effectiveness. Furthermore, effective curriculum implementation can only occur in the context of all components and aspects viewed and implemented in integrated ways.
Sexual Assault and its Effects on Male Prisoners’ Rehabilitation: A Case of Kamiti Medium Prison, Kiambu County- Kenya
Authors: Arum Mildred Auma , Ngare Grace Wamue , Mwai Wangari
Published: January 2023

Purpose: This article examines the effects of sexual assault on male prisoners’ rehabilitation in Kamiti Medium Prison. It highlights underlying effects of sexual assault that negatively interfere with rehabilitation of male prisoners by exploring prevalence of sexual assault, effectiveness of the Kenya Prisons Rehabilitation Program on sexual assault survivors and perpetrators and the coping mechanisms employed by survivors of sexual assault in Kamiti Medium Prison.

Methodology: The study employed descriptive survey research design guided by Travis Hirschi’s social control theory and the risk-need-responsivity (RNR) model to interrogated sexual assault, a prison gender dynamic of power and control, and its underlying effects on male prisoners’ rehabilitation. Key informant interview schedules and semi-structured questionnaires were used to gather both quantitative and qualitative data from respondents identified through stratified and purposive sampling. Quantitative and qualitative data was then coded and analyzed respectively to establish the effects of sexual assault on male prisoners’ rehabilitation in Kamiti Medium Prison.

Results: Findings indicate that sexual assault in Kamiti Medium Prison is a trivialized gender concern despite it being rampant and its effects adversely affecting rehabilitation processes of victims and perpetrators. Moreover, there are no socially acceptable coping structures for survivors and perpetrators of sexual assault and the available rehabilitation programmes are not need-based. This allows for negative and socially unacceptable coping mechanisms that worsen the effects of sexual assault and reinforce prisoners’ criminal mentality thereby contributing to their non-rehabilitation.

Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: This study departs from the many others which have largely focused on prevalence, nature and general effects of sexual assault, including possible mitigations. It provides a deeper understanding on effects of sexual assault and its impact on male prisoners’ capacity to be rehabilitated, an under researched field. Findings add knowledge to the existing literature and will benefit policy makers in the criminal justice system in addressing policy gaps like absence of a correctional policy and review of the Prison Act to synchronize with the Sexual Offences Act. Lastly, findings also form basis for future researches on the subject i.e. it recommends two studies, one, to interrogate whether those involved in prison sexual assault were imprisoned for the same crime and two, to explore the rate at which prisoners involved in prison sexual assault tend to reoffend.
Bilateral Exudative Retinal Detachment Secondary to Malignant Hypertension – A Case Report
Authors:   Department of Ophthalmology, Basaveshwara Medical College and Hospital, Chitradurga, Karnataka, 577502, India, Sheema Mariyam , Prashanth B
Published: January 2023

To report a case of bilateral exudative retinal detachment secondary to malignant hypertension. Hypertension has been identified as a major cause of morbidity and mortality across the world. A 29-year-old female presented with sudden onset painless loss of vision in both eyes since a day. Known case of hypertension for 6 months on irregular medication. On examination vision of the right eye was hand movement with no pinhole improvement, and on left eye it was counting finger 2 meter with no pin hole improvement. Intraocular pressure of both eyes was normal. Anterior segment examination of right eye was normal except relative afferent pupillary defect. Anterior segment of left eye was normal. Fundus examination - Bilateral disc swelling with inferior retinal detachment extending 4 to 7 clock hours with flame shaped haemorrhages and cotton wool spots over blood vessels with AV crossings with dull foveal reflex. OCT showed bilateral exudative detachment of sensory retina. BP -150/100 mmhg. Further investigation found to have acute renal failure, requiring urgent dialysis, and patient was started on dialysis. 3weeks after blood control was acheived ,visual acquity improved to 6/18 BE with exudative retinal detachment in both eyes resolved by its own except with few residual haemorrhages. Accelerated HTN may precipitate bilateral exudative retinal detachment in patient with acute renal failure in young adults. Bilateral exudative retinal detachment is a catostropic event which results in devastating vision loss within very short time span. Timely intervention may save the vision loss and renal failure. Keywords: Hypertensive retinopathy, Exudative retinal detachment, OCT
Effects of Covid Vaccination on Menstrual Cycle: A Novel Study
Authors:   Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, Basaveshwara Medical College and Hospital, Chitradurga, Karnataka, 577502, India, Sachdeva Pragati , Geetha H H , Kokirala Mounika
Published: January 2023

COVID-19 vaccination is widely regarded as safe. Still, the immune response or the associated stress may link the vaccine with certain temporary menstrual changes. A Total of 100 women met the inclusion criteria. 23 experienced irregular bleeding following the vaccine. The most predominant menstrual changes were more menstrual bleeding (43%), more menstrual pain (41%), delayed menstruation (38%), fewer days of menstrual bleeding (34.5%), and shorter cycle length (32%). Menstrual cycle change following COVID-19 vaccination appears small and temporary and should not discourage individuals from becoming vaccinated. Keywords: Covid vaccination, Menstrual cycle, Abnormal uterine bleeding
Fiscalidad del criptoarte: Tributación de las criptomonedas y los NFT
Authors: Bartolomé Larrey Carlos
Published: January 2023

La irrupción de los criptoactivos supone un reto para los ordenamientos jurídicos vigentes. Los Estados afrontan dicho reto de forma muy heterogénea, hallándose los contribuyentes en una preocupante situación de inseguridad jurídica. En España no existe una regulación específica sobre esta materia salvo los criterios comunicados por la Dirección General de Tributos en respuesta a consultas concretas. En ese contexto, el repentino auge de los NFT vinculados al arte, con operaciones de gran impacto mediático por su elevado precio, suponen una vuelta de tuerca a la inseguridad a la que se enfrentan sus agentes respecto a su tratamiento fiscal. A falta de esa concreción, en este trabajo analizamos el contexto y características en el que se desarrolla el criptoarte y aportamos algunas propuestas en relación con su fiscalidad.
Digitalización de los procesos contables y administrativos en las pymes españolas. Un caso de estudio
Authors: Porporato Daher Gustavo , Galindo Dorado Raquel , Morcillo García Jesús
Published: January 2023

Los cambios tecnológicos han estado siempre presentes en los mercados e industrias, proporcionando ventajas competitivas para los primeros que las adoptan. Sin embargo, la velocidad de generación de nuevas herramientas digitales en los últimos años ha propiciado que sea una cuestión de necesidad que las empresas las adopten. La función financiera de las empresas se encuentra en un proceso de adaptación y diseño de su futuro, debido al impacto masivo que la digitalización trae a sus organizaciones.
Lo que se denomina la «tercera ola de avances tecnológicos» o simplemente «digitalización» está afectando de manera directa a la forma en la que las empresas organizan sus procesos y actividades. Siendo la contabilidad una parte fundamental de los sistemas de información, su adaptación a las nuevas tecnologías difumina sus límites tradicionales. El estudio del impacto en las pymes y sus resultados genera un atractivo interesante y poco estudiado.
El objetivo del artículo es analizar el impacto en una pyme española de la implantación de herramientas digitales disponibles en la función financiera: ERP (enterprise resource planning) para la gestión integrada de los negocios, CRM (customer relationship management) adaptado a la solución web de la empresa y computación en la nube (cloud computing).
Con base en la experiencia profesional y académica de los investigadores, se evalúa una pyme española líder en su sector, lo cual permitirá responder a los aspectos anteriores y extraer conclusiones que podrán ser relevantes para la implantación de soluciones digitales en otras empresas en el futuro.
Academia-Policy Linkages: Bringing Evidence Into Policymaking Processes
Authors: Dhakal Rebat Kumar
Published: January 2023

The role of higher education and research institutions is, in principle, very crucial to inform the public policymaking processes and the policies themselves. A growing body of literature underscores the rationale for using university-produced data, evidence or research findings and implications while formulating national policies. In recent times, there has been mounting global interest in making use of research evidence while making public policies (Boswell & Smith, 2017; Glied et al., 2018; Newman et al., 2016). However, whether policymaking bodies ever try to use such evidence while formulating national policies or the universities make a systematic attempt to inform policymakers of the recent and relevant research has been questionable in the South Asian context. Some scholars also critique that academic research though submerged in “scientific and methodological rigour is generally found to be of little relevance to practice” (Panda & Gupta, 2014, p. 156). My experience of working in academia and with government informs that research is only one [small one, not capital ONE] of many things that influence the public policymaking in Nepal. In fact, policymaking is not a linear, rational process and thus local values, cultures and ideologies are equally important (Dhakal, 2019a; Parajuli, 2015). So I am inclined to use the term ‘evidence-informed’ policy (Bowen & Zwi, 2005; Centre for Public Impact, 2018; Head, 2015) rather than ‘evidence-based policy’ (Nutley et al., 2007; Newman et al., 2016) in the Nepali public policymaking context. I assume the basics of the making of public policy in developing countries to be somehow similar. The national policymaking structures are government bodies (state agencies) and the processes mostly include the interaction between the politicians, bureaucrats, and a few experts or interest groups. Ironically, the expert meetings are often limited to exploring opinions and limited experiences of the experts, rather than engaging in data/evidence-based discussion (Dhakal, 2017). As such, rather than being based on or informed by extant research evidence, the processes in Nepal are often driven by (political and bureaucratic) interests (Dhakal, 2019b; Jones, 2010; Gelal, 2015; Pokharel, 2015). Moreover, in recent years, the policymaking domain in Nepal has expanded to include non-state actors such as international/donor agencies, INGOs, and pressure groups (Gelal, 2015). These inform us that a careful re-examination of the policymaking processes in Nepal is necessary. Against the above backdrop, this piece of writing highlights the role of higher education institutions in influencing the evidence-informed policy-making in Nepal. Moreover, it also attempts to envisage ways to influencing policymaking structures and processes through research evidence in Nepal.
Institutional Determinants of College Choice Decisions Among Business Students in Nepal
Authors: Gurung Santosh Kumar , Chapagain Ramkrishna , Ranabhat Deepesh , Baral Ravindra Prasad , Bhandari Puspanjali , Thapa Subigya
Published: January 2023

College choice remains a crucial concern for students and parents, particularly during admissions. The decision students make about their education has far-reaching consequences for their future. This topic has been explored extensively in the literature. However, few studies have focused on institutional factors of students’ college choice decisions in Nepal. Therefore, this study examines institutional determinants/factors which are more significant in college choice decisions. Based on a survey of 385 conveniently sampled undergraduate and postgraduate business students of Pokhara University, the factor analysis results demonstrate four institutional factors: university/college reputation, quality of educational facilities, cost and financial assistance, and employment opportunities as significant factors in college choice decisions. This research aids colleges in marketing themselves to prospective students and understanding what drives individuals to pursue higher education by revealing the most significant institutional factors. Moreover, the study's limitations are discussed and suggestions for further investigation are offered.
Reflections on Variations in PhD Viva Regulations: “And the Options Are …”
Authors: van Teijlingen Edwin , Simkhada Bibha , Regmi Pramod , Simkhada Padam , Hundley Vanora , Poudel Krishna C.
Published: January 2023

Getting a PhD is the highest possible education qualification which only a small proportion of all students achieve. As a consequence, examining PhD research in the form of a doctoral thesis is specialist work. This paper highlights the different options that are available for PhD examiners. There are four general options: (1) pass, (2) rewrite and resubmit; (3) lower degree, with or without resubmission; and (4) fail the PhD. However, from our experience, of both being examined for our own PhDs and examining others at a range of different universities, we have noted a considerable variety in detail within these common options. This paper outlines a variety of outcomes of a PhD examination, followed by four short case studies, each reflecting on a particular aspect /differences we experienced as examinees or as examiners. This paper further aims to alert PhD candidates and examiners to study the examination rules set by the awarding university, as the details of the PhD examination outcome, and hence the options available to both examiners and the students may differ more than one might expect.
Level of Determinants of TVET Career Choice and Relation to Locale: A Study on Diploma Level Engineering Students
Authors: Tamang Jeevan
Published: January 2023

Career choice of students differs due to many factors which influence their decision on whether or not to pursue their career of choice. Since making a career choice becomes a turning point in a student’s life, it requires careful consideration. This research identifies the level of the five determinants (academic interest, self-efficacy, financial benefits, non-financial benefits, and family expectations) of TVET career choice, especially in diploma-level engineering students, and their association with each other. The study adopts a quantitative approach by using a survey design. The respondents are selected using a simple random sampling technique. The data are collected by questionnaire through google form at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Out of the total of 215 questionnaires emailed to the first-year students, 205 questionnaire forms are counted as valid. The data are analysed descriptively and inferentially using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 25 as the main analysis tool. The finding shows a high level of self-efficacy, and all five determinants are strongly associated with one another. Also, these five determinants differ across the locale.