bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fitting the light curves of Sagittarius A* with a hot-spot model
Authors: Yfantis A. I. , Mościbrodzka M. A. , Wielgus M. , Vos J. T. , Jimenez-Rosales A.
Published: March 2024

Context. Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) exhibits frequent flaring activity across the electromagnetic spectrum. Signatures of an orbiting hot spot have been identified in the polarized millimeter wavelength light curves observed with ALMA in 2017 immediately after an X-ray flare. The nature of these hot spots remains uncertain.

Aims. We expanded existing theoretical hot-spot models created to describe the Sgr A* polarized emission at millimeter wavelengths. We sampled the posterior space, identifying best-fitting parameters and characterizing uncertainties.

Methods. Using the numerical radiative transfer code ipole, we defined a semi-analytical model describing a ball of plasma orbiting Sgr A*, threaded with a magnetic field and emitting synchrotron radiation. We then explored the posterior space in the Bayesian framework of dynesty. We fit the static background emission separately, using a radiatively inefficient accretion flow model.

Results. We considered eight models with a varying level of complexity, distinguished by choices regarding dynamically important cooling, non-Keplerian motion, and magnetic field polarity. All models converge to realizations that fit the data, but one model without cooling, non-Keplerian motion, and magnetic field pointing toward us improved the fit significantly and also matched the observed circular polarization.

Conclusions. Our models represent observational data well and allow testing various effects in a systematic manner. From our analysis, we have inferred an inclination of ∼155 − 160 deg, which corroborates previous estimates, a preferred period of ∼90 min, and an orbital radius of 9 − 12.0 gravitational radii. Our non-Keplerian models indicate a preference for an orbital velocity of 0.6–0.9 times the Keplerian value. Last, all our models agree on a high dimensionless spin value (a* >  0.8), but the impact of spin on the corresponding light curves is subdominant with respect to other parameters.
Hypervelocity star candidates from Gaia DR2 and DR3 proper motions and parallaxes
Authors: Scholz R.-D.
Published: March 2024

Context. Hypervelocity stars (HVSs) unbound to the Galaxy can be formed with extreme stellar interactions, for example close encounters with supermassive black holes or in massive star clusters, supernova explosions in binary systems, or the stripping of dwarf galaxies. Observational evidence comes from measurements of radial velocities (RVs) of objects crossing the outer Galactic halo and of tangential velocities based on high proper motions (HPMs) and distances of relatively nearby stars.

Aims. I searched for new nearby HVS candidates and reviewed known objects using their Gaia astrometric measurements.

Methods. Candidates were selected with significant Gaia parallaxes of >0.1mas, proper motions of >20 mas yr−1, and computed galactocentric tangential velocities vtan_g>500 km s−1. The DR2 and DR3 samples of several thousand HVS candidates were studied with respect to their proper motions, sky distribution, number of observations, location in crowded fields, colour-magnitude diagrams, selection effects with magnitude, and RVs in DR3. The 72 most extreme (vtan_g>700 km s−1) and nearest (within 4kpc) DR3 HVS candidates were investigated with respect to detected close neighbours, flags, and astrometric quality parameters of objects of similar magnitudes in DR3. The quality checks involved HPM objects in a global comparison and all objects in the vicinity of each target.

Results. Spurious HPMs in the Galactic centre region led to false HVS interpretations in Gaia DR2 and are still present in DR3, although to a lesser extent. Otherwise there is good agreement between the HPMs of HVS candidates in DR2 and DR3. However, HVS candidates selected from DR2 tend to have larger parallaxes, and hence lower tangential velocities in DR3. Most DR3 RVs are much lower than the tangential velocities, indicating that the DR3 HVS candidates are still affected by underestimated parallaxes. None of the 72 extreme nearby DR3 HVS candidates, including three D6 stars, passed all the quality checks. Their tangential velocities may turn out to be lower, but at least some of them still appear unbound to the Galaxy.
Rapid evolution of the recurrence time in the repeating partial tidal disruption event eRASSt J045650.3−203750
Authors: Liu Zhu , Ryu Taeho , Goodwin A. J. , Rau A. , Homan D. , Krumpe M. , Merloni A. , Grotova I. , Anderson G. E. , Malyali A. , Miller-Jones J. C. A.
Published: March 2024

In this letter, we present the results from subsequent X-ray and UV observations of the nuclear transient eRASSt J045650.3−203750 (hereafter, J0456−20). We detected five repeating X-ray and UV flares from J0456−20, marking it as one of the most promising repeating partial tidal disruption event (pTDE) candidates. More importantly, we also found rapid changes in the recurrence time, Trecur, of the X-ray flares by modelling the long-term X-ray light curve of J0456−20. We found that Trecur first decreased rapidly from about 300 days to around 230 days. It continued to decrease to around 190 days with an indication of a constant Trecur, as evidenced by the latest three cycles. Our hydrodynamic simulations suggest that, in the repeating pTDE scenario, such a rapid evolution of Trecur could be reproduced if the original star is a 1 M⊙ main sequence star near the terminal age, losing nearly 80–90% of its mass during the initial encounter with a supermassive black hole (SMBH) of a mass around 105 M⊙. The inferred mass loss of 0.8–0.9 M⊙ is higher than the estimated value of around 0.13 M⊙ drawn from observations, which could be explained if the radiation efficiency is low (i.e. ≪0.1). Our results indicate that repeating pTDEs could be effective tools for exploring the dynamics around SMBHs beyond our own Galaxy.
Increasing the efficiency of heating systems through the use of direct contact heat exchange
Authors: Ivanov I.A. , Persiyanova G.E.
Published: March 2024

You should leave 8 mm of space above the abstract and 10 mm after the abstract. The heading Abstract should be typed in bold 9-point Arial. The body of the abstract should be typed in normal 9-point Times in a single paragraph, immediately following the heading. The text should be set to 1 line spacing. The abstract should be centred across the page, indented 17 mm from the left and right page margins and justified. It should not normally exceed 200 words.
Study of the complex processing of ash and slag at Angren Thermal Power Plant
Authors: Ernazarov Makhamatokhir , Askarova Nilufar , Kenjayeva Sevara , Toshkodirova Rano , Toshpulatov Akmal , Akhmedova Nigora , Kambarov Asadjon
Published: March 2024

This article presents the results of research on the extraction of silicon and iron from ash and slag waste from the Angren thermal power plant. The authors have developed a technology for producing silicon dioxide from the ashes of the Angren thermal power plant using ammonium fluoride, which, in terms of its technical characteristics, is the best analogue in foreign countries. The granulometric characteristics of the resulting product were studied using modern instruments.
Thermogravimetric analysis of gasification and pyrolysis of algae biomass
Authors: Tsvetkov Maxim , Zaichenko Andrey , Podlesniy Dmitry , Latkovskaya Elena , Tsvetkova Yuliya , Kislov Vladimir
Published: March 2024

In the present paper, the case of the brown algae Saccharina japonica from Aniva Bay (Sea of Okhotsk, Sakhalin Island) was investigated by a thermogravimetric analysis up to 700°C at different atmospheres. The elemental composition, lower heating value, ash content, and biochar yield of the algae were examined. The analysis showed that carbohydrates like alginate, mannitol, fucoidan, and laminarin were decomposed between 250-350°C, while proteins and lipids were burned out between 500-550°C.
Estimation of atmospheric methane levels over the Republic of Tatarstan (Russia) territory in 2019–2023 using satellite remote sensing data: effects of anthropogenic and climate drivers
Authors: Nikitin Oleg , Stepanova Nadezhda , Kuzmin Ruslan , Nasyrova Elvira , Latypova Venera
Published: March 2024

Methane (CH4) is the second most prevalent greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide. Its concentration in the atmosphere has been increasing at an accelerated rate in recent years, primarily attributed to anthropogenic activities. The article provides an assessment of methane concentrations over the Republic of Tatarstan (Russia) territory for a five-year period (2019–2023) using TROPOMI/Sentinel-5P data. Access to the data and key operations were conducted through the Google Earth Engine cloud platform. On average, the methane concentration was 1835±9 parts per billion (ppb) in 2019, 1854±12 ppb in 2020, 1863±9 ppb in 2021, 1868±10 ppb in 2022, and 1877±8 ppb in 2023, respectively. The average CH4 concentration for the study period (2019–2023) was 1865±7 ppb. There is a steady trend of increasing annual background methane levels.
Reducing exposure to traffic noise using microscopic simulation
Authors: Magdin Kirill , Sippel Irina , Evtyukov Stanislav
Published: March 2024

The article presents an analysis of the patterns of changes in the level of automobile noise in a residential area depending on the parameters of traffic flows. The results of field studies of noise characteristics in accident-prone areas of the city road network are presented. It is shown that these areas are characterized not only by a high level of road traffic accidents, but also by high values of noise pollution indicators, such as equivalent sound level Leq and noise exposure E. The use of microscopic simulation modeling is proposed to reduce exposure to traffic noise and reduce acoustic load to a residential area. A simulation model of an emergency-prone section of a city highway has been developed and validated using standard statistical parameters: the Cochran criterion and the approximation coefficient. High validity indicators indicate the homogeneity of variances and the adequacy of the model. A method has been proposed to increase the capacity of this section of the road network, and virtual experiments have been carried out. As a result, the average time for cars to cross this section of the road decreased by 33.3%, and exposure to traffic noise decreased by 14.2%.
Creation of a three-dimensional model of a landscape of the left bank of the Akhangaran reservoir using a phontom 4 pro quadrocopter
Authors: Shukina Olga G. , Abdukarimov Maksud M. , Ibragimov Jakhongir , Ergashev Mansur
Published: March 2024

The purpose of the work under study is to create a three-dimensional model of a landslide on a dangerous section of the left bank of the Akhangaran reservoir, which is located in the Angren district, Tashkent region of the Republic of Uzbekistan, using unmanned aerial photography. In order to display the landslide area in as much detail and accuracy as possible, aerial photography was carried out by a Phontom4 pro multi-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle (Chinese company DJI) with a 4K camera and an object tracking function. camera DSC-RX1R with a focal length of 35 mm over an area of 162 hectares. Four 1:500 scale aerials were completed on site, with a longitudinal overlap of 70% and a transverse overlap of 50%. Aerial photography was carried out at an altitude of 70 meters. The total number of aerial photographs was 936. The length of all air routes was 122.7 km. The article examines in great detail the functions of the quadcopter, the uniqueness of its camera, which is capable of shooting video in 4K format (4096 by 2160 pixels) at a speed of 60 frames/sec, as well as taking 14 photos per second in burst mode, and at the same time broadcasting video picture to a synchronized tablet or phone. For the first time in a DJI camera of this size, a mechanical shutter is used, which allows you to shoot dynamic scenes without the “jelly effect”, and it is also noted that an improved battery with a capacity of 5350 mAh increased the drone’s flight time to almost 30 minutes. The paper notes the purpose of the Agisoft Metashape software, in which aerial photography materials were processed, and also describes the technology for creating a 3D model for the landslide section of the left bank of the Akhangaran reservoir.
Comparison of the effectiveness of flow diverting technologies with hydrodynamic oil recovery improvement methods
Authors: Vladimirov Igor , Kuleshova Lyubov , Mukhametshin Vyacheslav V. , Gilyazetdinov Ruslan
Published: March 2024

In this paper, two methods of increasing the efficiency of oil recovery at the final stage of development are compared - the distribution of filtration flows using various compositions and technologies, as well as changing the operating mode of the injection well to prevent the movement of the injected liquid at the most flushed intervals. Based on the use of various hydrodynamic, geological-physical and geological-statistical models, calculations related to the identification of the distribution trend of the injected liquid in a porous medium have been carried out. Using the calculation of the required indicators on various simulators, curves for the distribution of oil flow rates and product water content were constructed in dynamics depending on the permeability of reservoirs. Based on the results obtained, it is concluded that with the effective displacement of residual oil reserves within the framework of changing the dynamics of the injection well, it is necessary only to use the method of distribution of filtration flows with a decrease in productivity.
Investigating formation resistance to fracture during operation of wells prone to plugging
Authors: Khabibullin Marat
Published: March 2024

In this paper, a study was conducted to determine the stability of productive formations when selecting liquid hydrocarbon reserves from them. Using mathematical modeling methods and various laws of fluid motion in a porous medium, the optimal conditioned pressure value has been established, at which the least destruction of the rock matrix will be observed. This area of research is relevant due to the fact that for the current situation, one of the most effective methods of increasing well productivity is hydraulic fracturing, which implies a significant impact on the stability of the borehole-rocks system. The obtained conclusions will make it possible to effectively plan geological and technical measures related to the impact on the rock matrix and will allow trouble-free operation of the complicated well stock.
Research methods of geological structures over hydrocarbon accumulation
Authors: Yanushkevich Viktar , Maladzechkina Tatsiana , Dauhiala Dzmitry , Holubeu Aliaksandr , Vershynin Aliaksandr
Published: March 2024

The article presents the results of research methods of geological structures over hydrocarbon accumulation. Measurements of the characteristics of these structures at the Geological hydrocarbon accumulation of the Republic of Belarus are made. Irradiation with a dual-frequency electromagnetic wave and reception of the reflected wave in modes with the low-frequency signal exceeding 10 times the highfrequency signal and the high-frequency signal exceeding 10 times the low-frequency signal were used. It has been established that measurement of reflection coefficient contrast between a geological structure and a homogeneous underlying profile increases the accuracy of hydrocarbon isolation. Methods of hydrocarbon deposit search based on the measurement of phase components of surface impedance in the mode of amplitude-frequency-modulated signals and determination of reflective properties of the medium over hydrocarbon accumulation in the mode of dual-frequency signals have been developed. The data of the obtained studies can be used to develop methods of hydrocarbon deposits detection.
The beginning study of transglutaminase from plant origin
Authors: Indarto Cahyo , Prihanta Wahyu , Supriyanto
Published: March 2024

Texture is an important parameter in processed foods such as meatball, sausage and surimi, where it is affected by the protein gel strength. Sodium tripolyphosphate is often used to improve quality of food texture, and even borax which is harmful to health including causing severe dizziness and trouble breathing, is still widely used. This study aims to explore and characterize transglutaminase of plant origin which is safer than gelling chemicals agents in food products. Transglutaminase is an enzime that can modify protein into strong gel by creating cross-linkage among protein chains. Animal tissue is one source of transglutaminase but requires high costs for providing raw materials. While the search for transglutaminase source from microorganisms need many stages to ensure that transglutaminase meets safety standards, therefore transglutaminasefrom plant origin is an alternative. The method in this study was to identify and characterize transglutaminase extracted from iodine leaf (Jatropha multifida), including determining the optimum temperature, optimum pH as well as activator and inhibitor of transglutaminase extract from iodine leaf. The results showed that the optimum temperature for transglutaminase from iodine leaf is 40-60 oC; The optimum pH is in the range of 6-7. Unlike most transglutaminases derived from animal tissues, transglutaminase from iodine leaf does not depent on presence of Ca2+, however Zn2+ could be an inhibitor. Transglutaminase extract from iodine leaf has high activity, it will be a promising potential to be applied in food industry to improve texture quality.
Field trial of new Bt-base bioinsecticide formula, Bashield®, for controlling Spodoptera frugiperda J.E. Smith on maize
Authors: Djunaedy Achmad , Khoiri Syaiful , Firdaus Nuriya , Megasari Dita , Giyanto
Published: March 2024

Maize is one of the important staple crops. The process of cultivating corn cannot be separated from pests and plant diseases, one of the attacking pests is Spodoptera frugiperda, which can attack the growing points of plants causing a decrease in corn production. Based on previous research conducted in vitro, bioinsecticide of Bacillus thuringiensis-base (Bt-base) liquid formula (namely Bashield®) was able to reduce pupal weight, the proportion of larvae-pupae, and pupal becomes abnormal. Action that can be taken to control this attack is by utilizing biological agent, B. thuringiensis strain BT2, as an alternative control. This research aims to evaluate or to determine the effectiveness of a new bioinsecticide of Bt-base liquid formula (Bashield®), as a control agent for S. frugiperda on maize in the field. This research was prepared at the Laboratory of Plant Protection and Environment, Universitas Trunojoyo Madura, and was conducted at the Horticultural Seed Garden, Socah District, Bangkalan Regency, East Java, Indonesia (7°05'17.2"S 112°42'32.0"E). The design used was a complete randomized block design (CRBD) with 4 treatments and 6 replications. The data were analyzed using 5% ANOVA and if there was a significant effect, then a DMRT follow-up test was carried out with a 5% level. The results showed that the 15% treatment was able to kill test larvae up to 78% with a high virulence level, and reduced damage up to 100%. In conclusion, the new Bt-base liquid formula, Bashield®, has good potential for effective biocontrol and contributed as a new biopesticide for S. frugiperda.
Eine ambulante Behandlungsweisung wäre hilfreich für die Behandlung
und Deliktprävention bei Menschen mit Psychosen – Kontra
Authors: Bock Thomas , Schulz Gwen
Published: March 2024

Die Strukturen sind das Problem, nicht die Patientinnen und Patienten: Hinsichtlich
stationärer Zwangsunterbringung und -behandlung hat Deutschland schon jetzt eine im
europäischen Vergleich relativ hohe Quote 1 – mit
erheblichen regionalen Unterschieden zwischen 0,3 und 17% der aufgenommenen Patientinnen
und Patienten 2. Viele Analysen verweisen auf
institutionelle Faktoren: „Institutionelle Bedingungen in den Kliniken haben
erheblichen Einfluss auf den Einsatz von Zwangsmaßnahmen, z.T. vermutlich sogar
stärker als der Krankheitszustand der Patienten“
3.
Träumen, Traumen und Belastungen begegnen
Authors: Grenzer Stefan
Published: March 2024

Komplikationen einer Intensivbehandlung zu verstehen und evidenzbasierte Praktiken zu ihrer Minimierung zu implementieren, ist auch Aufgabe der modernen Krankenpflege. Mögliche psychische Folgen eines Aufenthalts auf Intensivstationen und die Wirksamkeit des Intensivtagebuchs als pflegerische Intervention wurden – mit besonderem Augenmerk auf die Pädiatrie – einer ausführlichen Analyse unterzogen. Mit seiner Facharbeit errang der Autor den 3. Platz beim Thieme Intensivpflege-Preis 2022.
Entstehung und Entwicklung einer SOP zum Delirmanagement
Authors: Schnatow Johannes
Published: March 2024

Das Delir ist die häufigste Organdysfunktion auf der Intensivstation mit deutlich erhöhten Behandlungskosten und verschlechtertem Outcome. Darum hat eine Gruppe des Evangelischen Krankenhauses Oldenburg eine interdisziplinäre standardisierte Vorgehensweise zum Delirmanagement entwickelt.
Künstliche Intelligenz: Herausforderungen und Nutzen in der Intensivmedizin
Authors: Martin Lukas , Peine Arne , Gronholz Maike , Marx Gernot , Bickenbach Johannes
Published: March 2024

Die intensivmedizinische Arbeit ist von großen Datenmengen, deren Interpretation und Dokumentation geprägt. Künstliche Intelligenz hat vor allem in Form von maschinellem Lernen das Potenzial, diese Probleme anzugehen und zu reduzieren. KI bietet die Möglichkeit, die Arbeitsbelastung zu reduzieren, da auf ihr basierte Algorithmen Muster erkennen, Voraussagen machen und Dokumentation durch Spracherkennung erleichtern können.
Surveillance bei Watch-and-Wait nach neoadjuvanter Therapie beim
Rektumkarzinom
Authors: Kastner Carolin , Meir Michael , Flemming Sven , Reibetanz Joachim , Germer Christoph Thomas , Wiegering Armin
Published: March 2024

Rund ein Drittel aller kolorektalen Karzinome (KRK) sind im Rektum lokalisiert. Im Rahmen
eines multimodalen Therapiekonzeptes wird durch eine neoadjuvante Therapie in 50–60% der
Fälle ein Downstaging des Tumors und in 10–30% der Fälle eine sog. Complete Clinical
Response (cCR), definiert als klinisch (und radiologisch) nicht mehr detektierbarer
Residualtumor nach Abschluss der neoadjuvanten Therapie, erzielt.

Vor dem Hintergrund perioperativer Morbidität und Mortalität einer radikalen
Rektumresektion, mit u. a. Auftreten des Symptomkomplexes des sog. Low Anterior Resection
Syndrome (LARS) sowie der zumindest passager gegebenen Notwendigkeit zur Deviation, wird
die Frage nach einer Nutzen-Risiko-Abwägung einer Organresektion bei Vorliegen eines cCR
aufgeworfen. In diesem Zusammenhang trat das therapeutische Konzept eines
„Watch-and-Wait“-Vorgehens mit Unterlassung einer unmittelbaren Organresektion und
Einschluss in ein strukturiertes Surveillance-Regime in den Vordergrund.

Zur sicheren, onkologischen Durchführung dieser Option ist es notwendig, Standards in der
Definition einer geeigneten Patientenklientel sowie der Umsetzung des Konzepts zu
erarbeiten. Dabei ist das inhärente Ziel neben der zunächst korrekten Selektion der
Patientengruppe, die sich für ein primär nicht chirurgisches Vorgehen eignet, die
frühzeitige und suffiziente Detektion eines Tumorwiederauftretens (sog. Local Regrowth)
während der Phase des „Watch-and-Wait“ (Surveillance).

In diesem Zusammenhang adressieren wir in dieser Arbeit die Fragen: 1. nach dem optimalen
Zeitpunkt des initiales Re-Stagings, 2. nach den Kriterien zur Beurteilung des klinischen
Ansprechens und der Selektion der geeigneten Patientenklientel, 3. nach Rhythmus und
Ausgestaltung des Surveillance-Protokolls.
Use of Aliphatic Carboxylic Acid Derivatives for NHC/Photoredox-Catalyzed meta-Selective Acylation of Electron-Rich Arenes
Authors: Ohmiya Hirohisa , Goto Yamato , Murakami Sho , Sumida Yuto
Published: March 2024

We describe the use of acyl imidazoles derived from aliphatic carboxylic acids for the N-heterocyclic carbene/organic photoredox co-catalyzed meta-selective functionalization of electron-rich arenes. Compared to our previous work, a change of the wavelength of the applied LED light from 440 nm to 390 nm promotes this reaction efficiently.
A Survey of Clinicians' Views of the Utility of Large Language Models
Authors: Spotnitz Matthew , Idnay Betina , Gordon Emily R. , Shyu Rebecca , Zhang Gongbo , Liu Cong , Cimino James J. , Weng Chunhua
Published: March 2024

Objectives Large language models (LLMs) like Generative pre-trained transformer (ChatGPT) are powerful algorithms that have been shown to produce human-like text from input data. Several potential clinical applications of this technology have been proposed and evaluated by biomedical informatics experts. However, few have surveyed health care providers for their opinions about whether the technology is fit for use.

Methods We distributed a validated mixed-methods survey to gauge practicing clinicians' comfort with LLMs for a breadth of tasks in clinical practice, research, and education, which were selected from the literature.

Results A total of 30 clinicians fully completed the survey. Of the 23 tasks, 16 were rated positively by more than 50% of the respondents. Based on our qualitative analysis, health care providers considered LLMs to have excellent synthesis skills and efficiency. However, our respondents had concerns that LLMs could generate false information and propagate training data bias.

Our survey respondents were most comfortable with scenarios that allow LLMs to function in an assistive role, like a physician extender or trainee.

Conclusion In a mixed-methods survey of clinicians about LLM use, health care providers were encouraging of having LLMs in health care for many tasks, and especially in assistive roles. There is a need for continued human-centered development of both LLMs and artificial intelligence in general.
Reconstructive Rhinoplasty
Authors: Bariar L. M. , Sinha J. K. , Tripathi F. M. , Bhattacharya V.
Published: March 2024

Twelve cases of injury nose, treated in the Plastic Surgery Section at University Hospital, Varanasi, are presented. Traumatic etiology was seen in eight cases (66.66&), and one each was due to electric burn, rat bite, human bite and post surgical. One case of lower half avulsion was seen without Joss of tissue. Others having loss of tissue of different component of nose, were treated by flaps and skin grafts. Primary closure was done in the one presenting without loss of tissue. The evaluation of results have been discussed.
Factors Affecting Donor Area Healing
Authors: Sharma Dr. Jagdish , Chandalia Dr. B. S.
Published: March 2024

Split skin area healing was studied in 60 areas. The effect of various factors that in-fluence healing were also observed in the series. Superficial area dressed with antiseptic cream have gord quality healing. Deep donor area have more delayed healing with irregular areas of Hypertrophic scar.
Pigmented Neuroepithelial Tumgur Of Infancy
Authors: Chari P. S. , Banerjee A. K.
Published: March 2024

A case of pigmented neuroepithelial tumour of infancy involving the maxilla is presented. Recent knowledge of its multiceatric origin and capacity to metamorphose into a neuroblastoma necessitate a reappraisal in the policy of its management. A correct histopathological diagnosis is essential for proper surgery which is curative in large majority of cases. Rarity of the lesion leading to lack of awarencess and mistaken diagnosis of malignent lesion may in turn in ths create problems management and prognosticetion.
Treatment Of Post Burn Contracture Neck By Long Lateral Thoraco-Abdominal Tube Pedicle Graft With Wrist As Carrier (Review of literature with a case report)
Authors: Bafna P. L. , Yadav J. K. , Jain N. K.
Published: March 2024

Lateral abdomino thoracic tube pedicle can be a procedure of choice in certain cases with good results under certain conditions. However the operation has to be done in several stages.
Cutis Verticis Gyrata – A Case Report
Authors: Kumar Sushil , Kaza R. C. , Chandra R.
Published: March 2024

A case of cutis verticis gyrata in association with Hodgkins disease treated by simple rectangular craniotomy flap without placing incision through the galea aponeurotica under the folds along their course is described.
Burns Shock—A Simple Clinical Guide For Its Management In A Community Hospital
Authors: Bhatnagar S. R.
Published: March 2024

Burn a common problem in day to day life has been dealt covering the physiopathological aspects. The treatment is based on simple clinical parameters which can serve as an useful guide even in a small community hospitals.
Myocutaneous Flaps for Reconstruction of Heel Defects (A Preliminary Report)
Authors: Parkash Satya , Palepu Jagannath
Published: March 2024

A flexor digitorum brevis based myocutaneous flap was worked out on cadavers in 1978 for heel defects. Our experience with there cases of melanomas of the heel is presented. The flap should have great potentialities for trophic ulcers of the heel.
Folded Forehead Flaps For Reconstruction Of Cheek Defects
Authors: Bharat Dr. R. , Nair Dr. K. Ramakrishnan , Jacob Dr. O. J. , Nandakumar Dr. U. R.
Published: March 2024

The temporal forehead flap is a useful flap for reconstruction of cheek defects. Experience of ten cases is being presented where folded forehead flaps were used for reconstruction of post-excisional full thickness cheek defects. It has been found that it is quite a simple, safe and satisfactory method involving the use of a single flap.
Use Of Thin Flap In Reconstructive Surgery
Authors: Saha Dr. Ila , Gupta Dr. S. , Palle Dr. N. , Ganguly Prof. A. C.
Published: March 2024

Method of planning and dissection of radically thin flap is described, and was utilised to cover the different areas of the body in 25 caases. Their results are analysed.
“Congenital Double Lip—A Case Report”
Authors: Sharma Rajendra N. , Chandra Tara
Published: March 2024

Two cases of congenital double lip are presented.
Extensive Degloving Injury Involving Left Lower Limb And Penoscrotal Skin: A Case Report
Authors: Bariar L. M. , Khan M. H. , Saxena Satendra , Rehman Q. M.
Published: March 2024

A case of post traumatic extensive degloving injury involving left lower limb from groin to the ankle and whole of penoscrotal skin is reported, which was successfully managed by primary split thickness skin cover.

Traumatic avulsion injuries of the external male genitalia and limbs are increasing in number due to the use of the high speed machinery in industry and the rapid mechanisation of agriculture. Isolated penoscrotal avulsions due to such injuries have been reported in the literature (Balakrishnan 1956, Manchanda et al 1967, Khanna 1969 and Tripathi et al 1982), which were successfully treated by split thickness skin grafts. Vasconez and McCraw (1979), advocate primary split thickness skin graftcover for avulsions of skin and subcutaneous tissue in the lower extrimity, Extensive degloving injury of the entire lower limb and whole of the penoscrotal skin is not seen in literature.
Treacher Collin Syndrome
Authors: Sharma Rajendra N. , Chandra Tara
Published: March 2024

A case of treacher-collin syndrome (Mandibulo facial dysostosis) is reported.
Mandibular Support Following Major Resections A Brief Review
Authors: Bariar Dr. L. M. , Sinha Prof. J. K. , Tripathi Dr. F. M. , Bhattacharya Dr. V.
Published: March 2024

This study comprises of 20 cases of major resections of Mandible for malignant lesions. Following resections, the remaining mandibular segments were supported by simple Kirschaer's wire, to keep in proper positions. The result has been satisfactory with minor complications. The patients did well as far as the stabilization of the mandibular segments is concerned.
Augmentation Effect of Certain Vasodilators on Skin Flap Viability—An Experimental Study
Authors: Bhattacharya V. , Bhattacharya S. K. , Das J. M. , Sinha J. K. , Tripathi F. M.
Published: March 2024

The effect of some drugs, inducing vasodilatation, was noted on skin flap survival in rats, 6-hydroxydopamine, which induces chemical sympathectomy, produced marked survival of the flaps. Isoxsuprine and salbutamol, the beta-2 receptor agonists, also induced significant augmentation of flap survival. All these drugs were more cffective than the surgical delay procedure. Reserpine didnot enhance skin flap survival, Since 6-HD, isoxsuprine and salbutamol produce marked vasodilatation, they may prevent skin flap necrosis by enhancing cutaneous blood flow.
ROLE OF TENSOR FASCIA-LATA MYOCUTANEOUS FLAP IN FUNGATING GROIN GLANDS*
Authors: CHITALE V. R.
Published: March 2024

Seven cases of fungating groin glands with moderately differentiated histology were treated by wide excision. The resultant raw area was covered with T. F. L. Myocutaneous Flap. Post-operative lyrnphorrhoea, a usual serious problem in groin block dissections, was not seen. This may be because of the fact that T. F. L. Myocutaneous Flap rapidly absorbs lymph after groin block dissection.
SCROTAL RECONSTRUCTION BY BILATERAL GRACILIS MYOCUTANEOUS FLAPS
Authors: SAHAI RAHUL , SRIVASTAVA SHIRISH H.
Published: March 2024

Primary Reconstruction of Scrotum bilateral Gracilis myocutaneous flap is presented. A superior result aesthetically with better psychological satisfaction noticed in a case of total loss of Scrotal skin by this procedure.
LIPODERMECTOMY AND FLEXOR PULLEY ADVANCEMENT: A NEW SURGICAL ALTERNATIVE TO CLAW HAND CORRECTION
Authors: PANDEY S. D. , DUBE A. S. , AGARWAL A. K. , SRIVASTAVA S. N.
Published: March 2024

Tenodesis, arthrosis and arthrodesis procedures for paralytic claw hand have become obsolete, because of their static principles. Zancolli's metacarpophalangeal capsul orrhaphy stretches out with time, though the initial results are satisfactory (Zancolli, 1957). Tendon transfers by and large still remain the mainstay of treatment, much monopolised by the experienced surgeons and requires pains taking physiotherapy (Pandey, 1975). Lipodermeclomy with flexor pulley advancement is suggested as a new alternative to surgical correction of claw hand, as a simple, safe, quick out-patient procedure requiring least surgical or physiotherapeutic expertise. The preliminary results are encouraging.
EFFECT OF HUMAN AMNIOTIC MEMBRANE AND SALINE SOAKED GAUZE DRESSINGS ON QUANTITATIVE SURFACE BACTERIAL COUNT IN GRANULATING BURN WOUNDS
Authors: SINGH ARVINDER , KESWANI R. K. , AGARWAL KAROON , SABHARWAL U.
Published: March 2024

In a comparative study carried out in 10 major burn patients with granulating wounds, it was found that amniotic membrane is in no way superior to simple saline soaked gauze dressings in either decreasing the bacterial count or preparing the granulating raw area for autogrofting.
DONOR SITE MORBIDITY IN DORSALIS PEDIS FLAP
Authors: SRIVASTAVA J. L. , BAJAJ S. P. , TIWARI V. K. , NARAIN R. P.
Published: March 2024

The present paper is based on a study of Eleven cases where Dorsalis pedis flap has been used. Donor site morbidity was observed in eight of them which required subsequent hospitalisation and medical care. The factors responsible for this have been highlighted.
FACIAL BURNS: PROBLEMS AND MANAGEMENT
Authors: ACHARYA S. K.
Published: March 2024

Facial burn injuries in majority of cases result in cosmetic disfigurement and functional disability. Cariful assessment, judiciously planned treatment, executed with skill and expediency, minimise such sequelae. Experience of managing one hundred and four cases of facial burns are presented. The importance of conservative regime in burns of first degree and well tried reconstructive procedures for second and third degree burns needs to be appreciated.
STERNOMASTOID MYOCUTANEOUS FLAP FOR RECONSTRUCTION OF TONGUE
Authors: PARKASH SATYA
Published: March 2024

A bulky, fungating tongue histologically reported as benign was treated with sub-total glossectomy 10 years earlier and replaced by bilateral sternomastoid myocutaneous flaps. The case has had numerous multicentric lesions. The surgical procedures carried out have been reviewed.
ROLE OF ALLOGRAFTS IN THE MANAGEMENT OF MASSIVE APLASIA CUTIS CONGENITA OF SCALP
Authors: Saraiya Hemant
Published: March 2024

A case of Aplasia Cutis Congenita with massive skin and bony defects on the vertex of the skull and the lumbo sacral region is presented The raw areas which were exposing the dura were treated by repeated application of allograft skin from the second day of life. Healing was achieved in 35 days without any problem. New bone formation with significant reduction of bony defect was noticed when the child was reviewed at 5 years.
A STUDY ON THE EFFICACY OF NEGATIVE PRESSURE APPLICATION IN THE MANAGEMENT OF PRESSURE ULCERS
Authors: Singh A K , Ray A , Kumar V
Published: March 2024

In 22 patients with pressure ulcers negative pressure was applied using adhesive drape and suction drain. By this method open wounds were converted into a controlled closed wound. It was found to reduce the tissue oedema, induration, bacterial content of the wounds, wound size, and discharge. Negative pressure was found to favour granulation tissue formation. This technique is cost effective and can be an adjuvant management of chronic infected wounds.
Scrotal Flap for Finger Reconstruction
Authors: Mishra S
Published: March 2024

Finger injuries with exposed bone, tendon or joint may need skin cover by a distant flap. Scrotal flap has been successfully used as a pedicled distant flap in four patients with finger injuries. This is a preliminary report on alternative use of scrotal skin.
Preparation of two component Fibrin Glue and its clinical evaluation in skin grafts and flaps
Authors: Saxena Samir , Jain Pradeep , Shukla Jyoti
Published: March 2024

Tissue adhesive is one of the alternative to conventional suturing and has some added advantages. Fibrin glue has been used in obtaining haemostasis foUovving trauma to spleen and liver. It has also been used in repair of dural tear and bronchial fistula. Fibrin glue is a biological tissue adhesive based on the final stage of coagulation wherein. Thrombin acting on fibrinogen converts it into fibrin. Thus, it has t~'Vo components, one is fibrinogen and another is thrombin. VVe have prepared both components of fibrin glue. Fibrinogen was obtained from patient's own blood and thrombin from fresh frozen plasma of screened healthy donor. The glue was used in 20 cases requiring skin graft or flap. The results "vera compared vvith conventional suturing method. Use of the fibrin glue is simple, safe, cost effective, and rapid technique to fix the skin grafts and flaps with avoidance of peroperative bleeding and postoperative collection. It also has better overall results.
One stage repair in Hypospadias by prepucial island flap technique
Authors: Dogra Bharat Bhushan
Published: March 2024

Surgical repair of hypospadias has taxed the skills of surgeons the world over. One stage repair is preferable as it decreases operative trauma, allows use of virgin unscarred skin, decreases number of hospitalisations and hence is economical.

During last 4 years the author has managed 60 cases of hypospadias and their complications in a tertiary care service hospital.

The author has randomly used onlay prepucial flap technique and tubularisation of prepucial flap in roughly equal number of cases of hypospadias to assess the advantages and limitations of these techniques in service clientele and their dependents.
Repair of distal hypospadias by the tubularised incised plate urethroplasty: A simple versatile technique
Authors: Bath A. S. , Bhandari P. S. , Mukherjee M. K.
Published: March 2024

Sixteen patients with distal hypospadias were treated by tubularised incised plate (TIP) repair as described by Snodgrass.1 Coronal hypospadias constituted most of the cases (56.2%). Patient age ranged from 1.2 to 4 years. Complications occurred in two cases (12%). One patient developed urethrocutaneous fistula (6%) and meatal stenosis (6%) occurred in another case. Cosmetic and functional results were excellent in fourteen cases. TIP repair is the optimal technique for virgin cases of distal hypospadias.
Congenital proximal radioulnar synostosis
Authors: Dogra B. B. , Singh Manmohan , Malik Anil
Published: March 2024

Congenital proximal radio-ulnar synostosis is a rare anomaly and is often part of syndromes such as Crouzon, Apert's and Poland's. We have successfully managed one such case with bilateral involvement not associated with any other congenital deformity. He has been managed by performing derotation osteotomy through the synostosis mass with gratifying results.
Proboscis lateralis- A 17 years follow-up, a case report
Authors: Vyas Udyan H. , Raibagkar Santosh C. , Vora Himanshu J. , Bhavsar Dhaval
Published: March 2024

Proboscis lateralis is a rare congenital anomaly for which no embryological basis has been established. Besides heminasal aplasia or hypoplasia, various other craniofacial anomalies are also associated with it. It is only uncommonly free of other anomalies. Evaluation of a patient should include CT scan examination to look for growth of facial and skull bones. Reconstruction should start at an early age. Proboscis itself is the best option for heminose formation. Cartilaginous or bony support can be planned later in the late teens to give good aesthetic result.
Development and Validation of a Natural Language Processing Algorithm to Pseudonymize Documents in the Context of a Clinical Data Warehouse
Authors: Tannier Xavier , Wajsbürt Perceval , Calliger Alice , Dura Basile , Mouchet Alexandre , Hilka Martin , Bey Romain
Published: March 2024

Objective The objective of this study is to address the critical issue of deidentification of clinical reports to allow access to data for research purposes, while ensuring patient privacy. The study highlights the difficulties faced in sharing tools and resources in this domain and presents the experience of the Greater Paris University Hospitals (AP-HP for Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris) in implementing a systematic pseudonymization of text documents from its Clinical Data Warehouse.

Methods We annotated a corpus of clinical documents according to 12 types of identifying entities and built a hybrid system, merging the results of a deep learning model as well as manual rules.

Results and Discussion Our results show an overall performance of 0.99 of F1-score. We discuss implementation choices and present experiments to better understand the effort involved in such a task, including dataset size, document types, language models, or rule addition. We share guidelines and code under a 3-Clause BSD license.
Facilitating Healing in Diabetic Foot Ulcers Using Homeopathy in a Multi-Disciplinary Integrative Approach: Two Evidence-Based Case Reports
Authors: Ponnam Hima Bindu
Published: March 2024

Background A rising incidence of diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) in India has escalated the rate of lower limb amputations in the country. The present study aims to evaluate the potential healing properties of homeopathic medicines as a part of the integrative management of DFUs through two evidence-based case reports.

Methods Two patients with DFUs, identified as Wagner grade 2, having had diabetes for 12 years, were treated with individualized homeopathic medicine within a multi-disciplinary approach. Both cases were on oral hypoglycemic agents for managing blood sugar, continued their diabetic medication, and were advised to use regular wound dressings. The DFUs were assessed using the Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH) score at baseline and every 4 weeks until complete wound healing. Neuropathic changes were evaluated by the 10g monofilament tactile test, and the Modified Naranjo Criteria for Homeopathy—Causal Attribution Inventory (MONARCH) tool was used to assess the likelihood of there being a causal relationship between clinical improvement and the homeopathic intervention.

Results The DFUs showed healing within 12 weeks, with a significant improvement in the PUSH score, though there was no change in tactile sensation as assessed by the monofilament test. The MONARCH tool yielded +9 in both cases, indicating the likelihood of a causal relationship between the clinical outcome and homeopathic intervention. The homeopathic medicines Arsenicum album and Lachesis respectively were found useful by each patient.

Conclusion Homeopathy appeared beneficial in facilitating the early healing of DFUs within a multi-disciplinary integrative approach.
Can ChatGPT Answer Patient Questions Regarding Total Knee Arthroplasty?
Authors: Mika Aleksander P. , Mulvey Hillary E. , Engstrom Stephen M. , Polkowski Gregory G. , Martin J. Ryan , Wilson Jacob M.
Published: March 2024

The internet has introduced many resources frequently accessed by patients prior to orthopaedic visits. Recently, Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer, an artificial intelligence-based chat application, has become publicly and freely available. The interface uses deep learning technology to mimic human interaction and provide convincing answers to questions posed by users. With its rapidly expanding usership, it is reasonable to assume that patients will soon use this technology for preoperative education. Therefore, we sought to determine the accuracy of answers to frequently asked questions (FAQs) pertaining to total knee arthroplasty (TKA).

Ten FAQs were posed to the chatbot during a single online interaction with no follow-up questions or repetition. All 10 FAQs were analyzed for accuracy using an evidence-based approach. Answers were then rated as “excellent response not requiring clarification,” “satisfactory requiring minimal clarification,” satisfactory requiring moderate clarification,” or “unsatisfactory requiring substantial clarification.”

Of the 10 answers given by the chatbot, none received an “unsatisfactory” rating with the majority either requiring minimal (5) or moderate (4) clarification. While many answers required nuanced clarification, overall, answers tended to be unbiased and evidence-based, even when presented with controversial subjects.

The chatbot does an excellent job of providing basic, evidence-based answers to patient FAQs prior to TKA. These data were presented in a manner that will be easily comprehendible by most patients and may serve as a useful clinical adjunct in the future.
On Doob h-transformations for finite-time quantum state reduction
Authors: Mengütürk Levent Ali
Published: March 2024

The paper develops a finite-time quantum state reduction framework via the use of Lévy random bridges (LRBs) that can be understood as Doob h-transformations on Lévy processes. Building upon the non-anticipative semimartingale representation of LRBs, we propose a family of energy-driven stochastic Schrödinger equations that go beyond the purely-continuous Brownian motion setup, and enter the scope of quantum systems involving discontinuities and heavy-tails. In doing so, we allow collapse dynamics to be governed intrinsically by the Markovian statistics of LRBs. The framework can host progressively convoluted stochastic state reduction dynamics in a tractable way and encapsulates jump-diffusion Schrödinger evolutions by use of the Lévy-Itô decomposition. Our construct motivates the usage of more general Markov processes and Doob h-transformations in producing consistent wave function collapse dynamics in finite-time.
Bifurcations and chaos control in a discrete Rosenzweig–Macarthur prey–predator model
Authors: Khan A. Q. , Maqbool A. , Alharbi Turki D.
Published: March 2024

In this paper, we explore the local dynamics, chaos, and bifurcations of a discrete Rosenzweig–Macarthur prey–predator model. More specifically, we explore local dynamical characteristics at equilibrium solutions of the discrete model. The existence of bifurcations at equilibrium solutions is also studied, and that at semitrivial and trivial equilibrium solutions, the model does not undergo flip bifurcation, but at positive equilibrium solutions, it undergoes flip and Neimark–Sacker bifurcations when parameters go through certain curves. Fold bifurcation does not exist at positive equilibrium, and we have studied these bifurcations by the center manifold theorem and bifurcation theory. We also studied chaos by the feedback control method. The theoretical results are confirmed numerically.