bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Infografía – resultados convocatoria 833 de 2018 de Colciencias (Minciencias)
Authors: Eduardo González Gil , Olga Lucia Ostos Ortiz , Camilo Alejandro Corchuelo Rodriguez
Published: December 2020

La Dirección Nacional de Investigación e Innovación estableció como estrategia de comunicación del conocimiento la divulgación por medio de infografías de los resultados de los grupos de investigación de la universidad en la convocatoria 833 de 2018 de Colciencias (Minciencias).
Estrategias Didácticas y sus Dinámicas en el Tratamiento de los Trastornos Específicos del Lenguaje en el Estudiantado Chileno
Authors: Navarro Braulio , Álvarez Ninfa , Beltrán Juan Carlos , Peña Sebastián , Guzmán Muñoz Adolfo
Published: December 2020

La labor de los profesores(as) diferenciales y fonoaudiólogos(as) es importante en el proceso de aprendizaje de los(as) estudiantes con trastornos específicos del lenguaje, dicha labor debe estar asociada al conocimiento y evidencia vinculada al aula. Esta investigación describe las estrategias didácticas en el proceso de rehabilitación del trastorno específico del lenguaje utilizadas por las profesoras diferenciales y fonoaudiólogas en una escuela especial de lenguaje en Chile. La metodología utilizada corresponde a la cualitativa con un diseño de estudio de caso único. Los participantes de este estudio fueron: ocho profesoras diferenciales y dos fonoaudiólogas. Los principales hallazgos develan que las profesoras diferenciales y fonoaudiólogas centran sus estrategias didácticas en la planificación, evaluación, consejos y reuniones. Como conclusión se plantea que las estrategias didácticas utilizadas por las profesoras diferenciales se vinculan a elementos técnicos alejados de la reflexión crítica, es decir, que se asocian con la racionalidad técnica instrumental.
Implicaciones de la Inspección Educativa en Cataluña en el Proceso de Autonomía de Centros
Authors: Segura Joan , Gairín Joaquín , Silva Patricia
Published: December 2020

Cataluña es un referente en autonomía de centros a partir de la aprobación de la Ley educativa (LEC) de 16 de julio de 2009. El presente estudio analiza los cambios en las funciones de la Inspección educativa en su relación e implicación con los centros y la dirección a partir del desarrollo del Decreto de autonomía de Centros (2010). El interés se centra en indagar en la Inspección educativa como unos de los actores principales en este proceso de autonomía. La metodología mixta, ha combinado aproximaciones cuantitativas y cualitativas y consideró la región como caso de estudio. El estudio ha incluido la aplicación de un cuestionario con una muestra final de 88 inspectores/as, 12 entrevistas en profundidad y 2 grupos de discusión de 5 inspectores/as y de 6 directores/as de centros educativos. El estudio cuantitativo realiza un análisis descriptivo y el cualitativo profundiza en algunos datos y busca procesos interpretativos por parte de los implicados en la temática. Los resultados revelan el papel de la Inspección en el proceso de implementación de la autonomía en los centros, y como soporte a las Direcciones escolares. El estudio afirma que la Inspección debe evolucionar hacia una realidad más práctica y presencial, disminuyendo la burocracia y definiendo y seleccionando sus tareas y funciones.
La Atención a la Diversidad Funcional en Educación Primaria
Authors: Fuentes Gutiérrez Virginia , García-Domingo Marta , Amezcua Aguilar Patricia , Amezcua Aguilar Teresa
Published: December 2020

Pese a los múltiples estudios que confirman la pertinencia de dar valor a la diversidad presente en las aulas a través de estrategias orientadas a la educación inclusiva todavía encontramos manifestaciones evidentes de segregación escolar. El presente estudio, a través de la técnica del Grupo Focal, identifica apoyos y obstáculos presentes en el ámbito de educación primaria que percibe el equipo educativo. Para ello se analizan cuestiones vinculadas al imaginario social de la diversidad, actitudes, demandas, mitos, prejuicios y limitaciones tanto internos como externos, entre otros. Destaca la tendencia a vincular el concepto de diversidad a la diversidad funcional (que marca el resto del análisis de la realidad del presente estudio), la dificultad de adaptar la heterogeneidad en los ritmos de aprendizaje a la homogeneización de resultados académicos exigidos, la preponderancia de contenidos formales frente a los transversales y una burocracia que incentiva a las adaptaciones curriculares formales. En la comunidad educativa, identifican situaciones de rechazo y actitudes discriminatorias transmitidas por parte de los familiares de alumnado normotípico sobre la diversidad funcional y una implicación insuficiente en la consolidación de espacios escolares inclusivos en un porcentaje considerable del profesorado. Se requiere, por tanto, una puesta en valor de la diversidad y de los beneficios de la inclusión para el conjunto de la sociedad.
An alkaline deep eutectic solvent based on potassium carbonate and glycerol as pretreatment for the isolation of cellulose nanocrystals from empty fruit bunch
Authors: Gan Pei Gie , Sam Sung Ting , Abdullah Muhammad Faiq , Omar Mohd Firdaus , Tan Lian See
Published: December 2020

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC) were successfully isolated from oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) using sulphuric acid hydrolysis preceded by alkaline deep eutectic solvent (DES) pretreatment and bleaching. In this study, an alkaline DES consisting of potassium carbonate and glycerol (molar ratio of 1:7) was used as the pretreatment solvent to promote the dissolution of lignin and hemicellulose. The processing parameters of acid hydrolysis were optimized using Box-Behnken Design. The results showed that the yield of CNC was 37.1%, under the optimal conditions of 60.0 wt% acid concentration at 46.1 °C for 58.5 min. The field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), chemical composition analysis, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) results indicated that unwanted impurities, such as hemicellulose and lignin, were efficiently eliminated from the raw EFB fibers by DES pretreatment and bleaching. The average diameter of CNC was less than 10 nm. The raw EFB fiber, treated cellulose, and CNC showed crystallinities of 38.7%, 51.2%, and 65.3%, respectively. The CNC had lower thermal stability, which was ascribed to the sulphate group present on the CNC surface.
Suitability of paulownia wood from Malaysia for furniture application
Authors: Ab Latib Hazirah , Choon Liat Lim , Ratnasingam Jegatheswaran , Law E. L. , Abdul Azim Amir Affan , Mariapan Manohar , Natkuncaran J.
Published: December 2020

Imported wood resources, especially yellow poplar and Chinese poplar, are increasingly evident in the Malaysian furniture sector due to declining supply of domestic wood materials. In order to reverse this trend, paulownia, a fast-growing forest plantation tree species, is emerging as an alternative wood material source. This study evaluated the mechanical strength, including fatigue life, machining, adhesive bond, screw withdrawal, and finishing properties of paulownia against the imported wood of yellow poplar and Chinese poplar. The results revealed that paulownia has better properties than Chinese poplar, but it is inferior to yellow poplar due to its lower density. In terms of fatigue strength, all the wood species performed comparably equal, with the allowable design stress set at 40% of the wood species’ respective ultimate bending strength. Against these findings, paulownia is a promising alternative wood resource for furniture manufacturing in Malaysia, and it could possibly replace the imported yellow poplar and Chinese poplar. Nevertheless, the successful application of paulownia for furniture manufacturing will depend on its supply volume and economics in the future.
Mechanical properties of the fiber cell wall in Bambusa pervariabilis bamboo and analyses of their influencing factors
Authors: Zhang Bo , Guo Yihan , Liu Xing'e , Chen Huiyu , Yang Shumin , Wang Yan'gao
Published: December 2020

The cell wall mechanical properties are an important indicator for evaluating the overall mechanical properties of natural bamboo fibers. Using the nanoindentation technique, the variation of the mechanical properties of the fiber cell wall of Bambusa pervariabilis culms with different ages and different positions (both radial and longitudinal) was studied. Moreover, x-ray diffraction (XRD) was employed to measure the microfibril angle (MFA), and the correlation between the MFA and the mechanical properties of the fiber cell wall. The results showed that there was a remarkable difference in the fiber cell wall mechanical properties at different ages and at different radial and longitudinal positions. However, at different ages and at different positions, the absolute value of variation of MFA was less than 1° and was very minor. Furthermore, there was no significant correlation between the fiber cell wall mechanics and MFA, indicating that the mechanical property of the fiber cell walls might be synergistically affected by many factors.
Promoção da saúde e atenção primária no cuidado às pessoas com doença crônica não transmissível
Authors: Becker Renata Machado , Heideman Ivonete Teresinha Schülter Buss , Durand Michelle Kuntz
Published: December 2020

Objetivo Compreender as práticas de promoção da saúde desenvolvidas pelos enfermeiros da Atenção Primária à Saúde, no cuidado às pessoas com doença crônica não transmissível.Método Estudo qualitativo, desenvolvido por meio do discurso do sujeito coletivo, realizado com vinte e três enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família, de um município do Sul do Brasil.Resultados As práticas de promoção da saúde desenvolvidas pelos enfermeiros referemse a dois campos principais, dos cinco campos de ação propostos pela Carta de Ottawa: reorientação do sistema de saúde e desenvolvimento de habilidades pessoais. Emergiu como um dos discursos e ideia central os limites para o desenvolvimento dos campos da Carta de Ottawa.Conclusões Percebeuse que apesar dos esforços empreendidos pelos enfermeiros, para o desenvolvimento das práticas de promoção da saúde, estas se apresentam em determinados momentos de forma ampliada, pensando em uma nova lógica da promoção da saúde, e em outras situações se mostra de maneira mais restritiva, voltando a uma prática mais tradicional.
Clinical aspects of medical-genetic counseling and genetic testing of twins, including those from families with family cancer syndrome
Authors:   PI Cherkasy regional Oncology center CRC, Ukraine, Paliychuk O.V. , Polishchuk L.Z. ,   RE Kavetsky Institute of Experimental Pathology, Oncology and Radiobiology NAS of Ukraine, Rossokha Z.I. ,   SI Reference-centre on molecular diagnostic MH of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: December 2020

The cases of benign and malignant tumors development in family trees of cancer patients and in sister twins are described. The results of complex examination and medical genetic counseling of examined persons are discussed. Polymorph variants T-397C, A-351G of the gene ERS1 (СC- and GG-genotypes), genotype AG of the gene Cyp2D6 were determined that suggest the requirement for medical-genetic counseling and molecular-genetic testing for determination of gene ERS1 polymorphism in females from families with family cancer history, in particular, in twins. Key words: family tree, proband, twins, hereditary predisposition, gene ERS1 polymorphisms.
Optimization of diagnostic and treatment tactics at patients with pathological nipple discharge
Authors:   Ukrainian National Cancer Institute, Kyiv, Smolanka I.I. , Aksyonov A.A. ,   Ukrainian Research and Practical Centre of Endocrine Surgery, Transplantation of Endocrine Organs and Tissues of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Kyiv, Aksyonova E.G. ,   Ukrainian Research and Practical Centre of Endocrine Surgery, Transplantation of Endocrine Organs and Tissues of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Kyiv, Belonenko G.A. ,   Ukrainian Research and Practical Centre of Endocrine Surgery, Transplantation of Endocrine Organs and Tissues of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Kyiv
Published: December 2020

The objective: the analysis of own scientific data and working out of optimal diagnostic and treatment algorithm at pathological nipple discharge (PND). Patients and methods. 202 patients with PND after clinical, cytologic, radial and endoscopic examinations were operated using 196 traditional ductectomies and 12 interventions after preoperative markings of intraductal neoplasms (IDN) on own original metod (6 women were operated on both sides). After histological verification sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the used diagnostic tests were сalculated. Results. Diagnostic specificity of X-ray galactoductography (GDG) and endoscopic mammoductoscopy (EMDS) were 22.6% and 47.4% correspondingly. The leading reason of pseudo-positive results of EМDS consisted in peripherical location IDN – out of 24 IDN located farther than 3 cm from a nipple, only 17 (70.8%) were confirmed histologically. False results after EMDS at double preoperative marks of IDN on own original metod were not registered. The optimization sequence of the diagnostic actions providing the differentiated choice of surgical tactics at women of reproductive or menopausal age is offered. Conclusions. Rising of diagnostic effectivenely of EMDS as a modern, high-tech methods at PND, is possible by using of double synchronous preoperative marks of peripherical located IDN. At PND use of the known and offered techniques according to the algorithm developed by us provides the differentiated choice of individual surgical tactics depending on a reproductive condition and age of patients. Key words: breast, pathological nipple discharge, algorithm diagnostic and treatment.
Analysis of the results of the nationwide study of drug Laferomax in complex therapy of urogenital infections and cervical pathology in women of different age
Authors:   Ukrainian State Institute of Reproductology, Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kуiv, Ukraine, Borys E.N. , Gervazuk O.I. ,   Ukrainian State Institute of Reproductology, Shupyk National Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, Kуiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of a multicentre observational study conducted in Ukraine in 2015-2016. The purpose of which was to investigate the efficacy and safety of Laferomaks drug in women of different ages with HPV infection, combined with urogenital disorders mixed infection and cervical epithelium pathology. In 128 hospitals obstetrical and gynecological almost all regions of Ukraine was carried out a multicentre observational study, which was attended by 1 400 patients with various diseases of the pelvic organs. Studied Age ranged from 17 to 95 years. All included in the study was conducted a comprehensive survey, after which all patients received Laferomaks 3 million units. per day for 10 days in a combination or alone. Results of the study confirm the high efficiency of Laferomaks in the treatment of the urogenital tract infections: in patients with a diagnosis of CIN 1 and CIN 2 at follow-up examination CIN 0 probability was about 76%; in patients with warts was noted in 83% of their complete disappearance; in patients with a diagnosis of HPV in 71% indicated a negative result of PCR after treatment. It registered only 58 cases of side effects from the 1400, which made up 4.1%, which ensured to Laferomaks high compliance of patients. Received positive dynamics of subjective and objective state of the women surveyed, marked by high efficiency, good tolerability and safety of the drug Laferomaks. Key words: human papillomavirus, cervical pathology, urogenital mixed infection, Laferomaks.
Features hormonal hemostasis in patients with benign hyper-plastic processes of breasts
Authors:   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Makarenko M. , Govsieiev D. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Gromova O. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Martynova L. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine, Tyan O. ,   Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The objective: to study the incidence of gynecological diseases, clinical and hormonal parameters of the menstrual cycle in patients with benign hyper-plastic processes of breasts. Patients and methods. 65 women with various forms of mastitis were investigated. The following investigations were conducted: mammologistic and gynecological investigation, mommologistic X-ray investigation, ultrasound of breasts and of the pelvic organs, endometrial aspiration biopsy that was followed by cytology; when it was necessary the diagnostic laparoscopy, colposcopy, hysteroscope with curettage and morphological investigation of the endometrium, hormone research and rectal temperature measurements were conducted. Results. The frequency of the benign breast diseases was set: fibrocystic disease of breast – 32 women (49.2±6.20%), fibrous of breast – 16 women (24.6±5.34%), nodular of breasts – 8 women (12.3±4.07%), fibroadenoma – 6 women (9.2±3.59%), nodular disease of breasts on the background of fibroid changes – 3 women (4.6±2.60%). All in all, 96.9±2.14% of the patients had any gynecological diseases. Thus, the average age of the ‘debut’ of mastitis was 31.4±1.09 years; the hyper-plastic processes in the uterus was 35.2±1.17 years. Anovulation was detected in 17 (47.2±8.3%) patients, the lack of the luteal phase (NLF) was detected in 11 (30.6±7.6) patients. Conclusions. Identified hormonal changes are typical for patients with the hyper-plastic processes of the reproductive organs with different localization (breasts, uterus, ovaries). Due to the commonality of the hormone changes in most cases mastitis is combined with the various gynecological diseases (96.9±2.14%). Key words: gynecological pathology, hormonal changes, breast, factors of risk.
The Cystic Fibrosis Patient Registry as a guarantee of effective disease management
Authors:   SI «Institute of Hereditary Pathology of the Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Lviv, Ukraine, Makukh H.V. , Bober L.J. ,   Western Ukrainian Specialized Children's Medical Centre», Lviv, Ukraine, Rohovyk N.V. ,   Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine, Lyga O.V. ,   Western Ukrainian Specialized Children's Medical Centre», Lviv, Ukraine, Vashchuk O.I. ,   Yu. Lypa Lviv Regional Hospital for Disabled Veterans and Victims of Repressions, Lviv–Vynnyky, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

The aim of the study was to analyze the data of Ukrainian cystic fibrosis (CF) patients entered to the European Cystic Fibrosis Society Patient Registry (ECFSPR) during 2017–2018 years, and compare with the parameters entered in previous years. Materials and methods. Using the computer program ecfstracker.eu, the clinical, paraclinical and molecular genetic data of CF patients were analyzed and their statistical analysis was performed. Research results. Among 210 CF patients 49 alleles and 68 different genotypes of the CF transmembrane conductance regulator gene were identified. It was found that 57% of CF patients were homozygous for the F508del major mutation, and 31% — heterozygous. The ratio of the proportion of СF patients between children and adults (over 18 years) was 78% and 22%, with an increasing in the proportion of adult patients compared to previous years. Conclusions. The entering data CF patients to the ECFSPR opens new opportunities for a comprehensive analysis of the disease at both on the regional (the center) and on the continental levels. Studying the experience and management of the disease based on the experience of 35 European countries (over 40,000 patients) will not only help to compare the data of Ukrainian patients, but also borrow the best monitoring and treatment schemes from European countries, which help to organize and optimize medical care in Ukraine. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Key words: The European Cystic Fibrosis Society Patient Registry, gene, genotype, DNA, molecular genetic research, cystic fibrosis, mutation, CFTR.
РFАРА–syndrome: a literature review and own clinical observation
Authors:   Donetsk National Medical University, Lуman, Ukraine, Khapchenkova D.S. , Dubyna S.О. ,   Donetsk National Medical University, Lуman, Ukraine
Published: December 2020

Аutoinflammatory diseases or syndromes (HAIDS) have attracted practical and scientific interest. This group of pathologies is united by similar clinical symptoms in the form of periodic fever, systemic inflammation and other clinical syndromes. PFAPA — syndrome or Marshall's syndrome is one of the most common representatives of this group of diseases. РFАРА syndrome (Marshall's syndrome) is considered an autoinflammatory disease of unknown etiology and not fully studied pathogenesis. Gene mutations, family inheritance and the modifying role of persistent intracellular infections are considered as the causes of development. Genetically determined immune responses and neutrophilic inflammation, the presence of immune dysregulation play a role in the pathogenesis of Marshall's syndrome. The incidence and prevalence of this condition in the pediatric population are unknown. The pathology is characteristic of early childhood, the syndrome is characterized periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis or tonsillitis and cervical adenitis. Patients do not have disturbances in well-being between episodes, pathognomonic laboratory changes, have normal growth and development indicators. The syndrome occurs in children under 5 years, disappears in adolescence, has good+quality current, the treatment of which is the administration of corticosteroids. The pathology has no specific biological markers, so the diagnosis is made on the basis of clinical manifestations, a thorough analysis of the history and the exclusion of other possible causes of recurrence fever. Purpose: to highlight the complexity of the diagnosis of PFAPA–syndrome. Clinical case. The article describes own clinical case of a child with Marshall's syndrome. Recurrent attacks of fever with a specific frequency in combination with aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and cervical lymphadenitis, the absence of specific laboratory changes and the positive effect of the corticosteroids treatment it possible to diagnose the above diagnosis. Conclusion. Literature data and the above clinical case indicate the difficulty of diagnosing this syndrome, long-term irrational drug treatment without clinical effect. So physicians in many specialties need to remember the need for a detailed survey of patients and parents, pay attention to the time and frequency of symptoms described above, and their combinations, if Marshall's syndrome is suspected do not be afraid to prescribe glucocorticosteroids for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes. The research was carried out in accordance with the principles of the Helsinki Declaration. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee of all participating institution. The informed consent of the patient was obtained for conducting the studies. No conflict of interest was declared by the authors. Keywords: Marshall's syndrome, children, periodic fever, corticosteroids.
The Role of the Sole Executive Body in the Activities of the Corporation
Authors: Mudritsky Sergey
Published: December 2020

Introduction: consideration of the role of the sole Executive body in the activities of the Corporation is of particular importance in modern conditions of development of corporate relations, since the sole Executive body occupies a dominant place in the system of corporate governance bodies. A Corporation can transfer the functions of a sole Executive body not only to an individual or legal entity, but also to an individual with the status of an individual entrepreneur, since the corresponding prohibition is not contained in the norms of civil legislation. In the event of damage to the Corporation, the sole Executive body may be brought to civil liability. in this regard, the authors set the goal of studying the legal status of the sole Executive body, its rights, duties and responsibilities. Methods: when writing this research, various scientific methods were used, from which we can distinguish historical, comparative legal, formal legal methods, and complex system-structural analysis. Results: the legal position of the sole executive body of the legal entity was studied taking into account recent changes in civil legislation. The author’s position on the possibility for an individual entrepreneur to function as an executive body of a legal entity has been substantiated. Conclusions: the study noted imperfection of the legislation regulating the legal status of sole Executive body and the necessity of making a number of changes and additions in normative legal acts.
On the Impact of the Coronavirus Pandemic on the Need to Rethink the Concept of the Environmental Legislation
Authors: Anisimov Alexey , Ryzhenkov Anatoly
Published: December 2020

Introduction: the coronavirus pandemic has led to severe medical, economic, political and other consequences, but the causes of its occurrence have not been sufficiently studied in the social sciences. The authors propose a discussion of this problem from the standpoint of the philosophy of environmental law. The purpose of the research: to show the relationship between the state of the environment and human health, to argue the hypothesis that the coronavirus pandemic is caused by the environmental factors. Tasks: to determine the main content elements of the philosophy of environmental law; provide arguments in favor of the hypothesis about the impact of environmental pollution on the life and health of not only humans, but also wild animals; offer a list of legislative measures to reduce the human pressure on nature, which will prevent or reduce the response of Nature to human exposure. Methods: dialectical, system, logical, analysis, synthesis. Results: the close relationship between philosophy and law is studied, on the basis of which a new direction of scientific research can be formulated – “the philosophy of environmental law”. The use of the new methodology allows us to put new scientific hypotheses and search for answers to current problems of modern social life, including those related to the appearance and consequences of the coronavirus. Conclusions: the authors argue for a systemic relationship between the environmental degradation and the response of Nature, which is manifested not only in the climate change, but also in the emergence of new types of “environmental diseases” which are common to humans and animals. Overcoming the deadly threat to humanity is only possible by changing the established consumer worldview, which should be manifested in a new perception of Nature and the resulting change in the environmental legislation.
The Problematic Issues of Inflicting Penalty for Exceeding the Prescribed Average Speed Limits
Authors: Sarychev Alexander , Arkhiptsev Ivan , Ryzhkova Ekaterina
Published: December 2020

Introduction: currently, in the Russian Federation, an urgent problem is exceeding the speed limit by drivers ofvehicles, for which they are held liable. This offense is regulated by Article 12.9 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the research is to study the problem of exceeding the average traveling speed limits and identify the ways to solve it. Methods: the methodological framework for the research is based on the general scientific methods of cognition. In order to ensure the objectivity of the research, the problem under study is revealed as a phenomenon using a systematic approach, which allows us to reveal its mechanism in such a way that the theoretical provisions are used with the maximum efficiency in the practical activities. Results: the authors propose to specify Article 12.9 of the Code of Administrative Offences and improve the devices that allow measuring the average traveling speed, or even stop the practice of using this method. Conclusions: the study showed the imperfection of the current legislation and the problem of imposing penalties for exceeding the prescribed average speed. The necessity of changing the current administrative legislation of the Russian Federation is justified.
Análise do Albedo de Superfície da Palma de óleo e Diferentes Usos e Coberturas do Solo no Leste da Amazônia
Authors: Campos Mayara Soares , Adami Marcos , Araújo Alessandro Carioca de
Published: December 2020

Resumo Nos últimos anos tem-se verificado um contínuo avanço da fronteira agrícola da palma de óleo na região amazônica, o que provoca alterações na cobertura do solo nessa região. Diante da necessidade de se compreender a influência deste cultivo no albedo de superfície, o presente estudo visa comparar as flutuações do albedo de superfície em área de cultura de palma de óleo com os de pastagem, floresta e de vegetação secundária. Para fazer esta comparação foi utilizado dados orbitais, com base no produto MCD43A3 do satélite Terra/MODIS para os anos de 2015 e 2016. As amostras selecionadas para área de estudo mostrou que a palma de óleo obteve pouca variação, estimando valores médios α = 0.14, sendo estatisticamente distinto dos outros usos e coberturas, com o albedo: Pastagem > Palma de óleo > Vegetação Secundária > Floresta. Demonstrando que possíveis conversões de uma cobertura para outra podem influenciar no balanço de radiação na superfície, ou seja, caso o cultivo da palma de óleo continue avançando sobre as áreas de pastagem, isto diminuiria o albedo de superfície e consequentemente teria mudanças no microclima, todavia, se a expansão ocorrer sobre áreas de Vegetação Secundária ou Floresta ocorrerá uma inversão, e poderá contribuir para alterações climáticas.
Anatomic study of the arterial vascularization of the brain base of paca (Cuniculus paca)
Authors: Sasahara Tais H.C. , Fontes Vitória F.N.P. , Garcia Débora O. , Rocha Daniel W. , Oliveira Fabrício S. , Leal Leonardo M. , Machado Marcia Rita F. , Dias Fernanda G.G.
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT: Paca (Cuniculus paca Linnaeus, 1766), rodent belong to the Cuniculidae family, has encouraged numerous scientific researches and for this reason could be an experimental model in both human and veterinary areas. And recently, the economic exploitation of the meat cuts, has being direct implication in its zootechnical importance. However, no anatomical descriptions regarding the vascularization of the base of the brain in this rodent has being found. Thus, the aim of the present study was to describe the arteries and the pattern of the vasculature and to compare it with the other species already established in the literature. For this, five pacas, donated by the Unesp Jaboticabal Wildlife Sector, were euthanized followed by the vascular arterial system was injected with red-stained-centrifuged latex by the common carotid artery. After craniectomy, the brains were removed and the arteries were identified and, in addition, compared with those described in other animal species. The presence of the right and left vertebral arteries, close to the medulla oblongata, was detected, originating the basilar artery, which divided into the terminal branches of the right and left basilar artery. Ventral to the optic tract there was the right internal carotid artery and the left, dividing the middle cerebral artery and left rostral and right; dorsal to the optic chiasm, the medial branch of the rostral cerebral arteries was identified. Based on the results, it is concluded that the vascularization of the paca brain base is supplied by the carotid and vertebrobasilar system.
High occurrence of felid alphaherpesvirus 1 and feline calicivirus in domestic cats from southern Brazil
Authors: Becker Alice S. , Monteiro Francielle Liz , Scariot Ana Carolina A. , Chagas Domitila B. , Fischer Geferson , Lima Marcelo de , Hübner Silvia O.
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT: Felid alphaherpesvirus 1 (FeHV-1) and feline calicivirus (FCV) affect cats worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of occurrence of FeHV-1 and FCV in cats with clinical signs of respiratory, oral and/or ocular disease. Samples were collected from cats cared for in veterinary ambulatory and clinics and submitted to molecular detection and viral isolation. Of the 49 cats evaluated, 45 (92%) were positive for at least one of the viruses; 82% (40/49) were positive for FeHV-1 and 41% (20/49) for FCV. Of these, 31% (15/49) were coinfection cases. For FeHV-1, 45% (18/40) of the cats tested were positive from the collection of eye swab, and the same percentage (9/20) was obtained for the FCV by the oral swab. FeHV-1 and/or FCV were isolated in 35% (17/49) of the samples. The main clinical sign observed was ocular secretion in 71% (35/49) of cats, characterized as mild serous, purulent or serosanguineous, and in some cases associated with ocular injury and marked chemosis. Our findings demonstrate the high occurrence of FeHV-1 and FCV in domestic cats in southern Brazil and indicate that measures should be implemented to improve the diagnostic, prevention and management against of these important diseases.
Methodological proposal for the redistribution of deaths due to garbage codes in mortality estimates for Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases
Authors: Teixeira Renato Azeredo , Ishitani Lenice Harumi , Marinho Fátima , Pinto Junior Elzo Pereira , Katikireddi Srinivasa Vittal , Malta Deborah Carvalho
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT: Objective: To propose a method for improving mortality estimates from noncommunicable diseases (NCD), including the redistribution of garbage codes in Brazilian municipalities. Methods: Brazilian Mortality Information System (MIS) was used as a data source to estimate age standardized mortality rates, before and after correction, for NCD (cardiovascular, chronic respiratory, diabetes, and neoplasms). The treatment for the correction of data addressed missing data, under-registration, and redistribution of garbage codes (GCs). Three-year periods 2010–2012 and 2015–2017, and the Bayesian method were used to estimate mortality rates, reducing the effect of fluctuation caused by small numbers at the municipal level. Results: GCs redistribution step showed greater weight in corrections, about 40% in 2000 and roughly 20% as from 2007, with stabilization starting in this year. Throughout the historical series, the quality of information on causes of death has improved in Brazil, with heterogeneous results being observed among municipalities. Conclusion: Methodological studies that propose correction and improvement of the MIS are essential for monitoring mortality rates due to NCD at regional levels. The methodological proposal applied, for the first time in real data from Brazilian municipalities, is challenging and deserves further improvements. Improving the quality of the data is essential in order to build more accurate estimates based on the raw data from the SIM.
Fruit and vegetable consumption, leisure-time physical activity and binge drinking in Belo Horizonte, Brazil, according to the Health Vulnerability Index
Authors: Cardoso Laís Santos de Magalhães , Gomes Crizian Saar , Moreira Alexandra Dias , Bernal Regina Tomie Ivata , Ribeiro Antonio Luiz Pinho , Malta Deborah Carvalho
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT: Objective: To estimate the prevalence of fruit and vegetable consumption, practice of leisure time physical activity (LTPA) and binge drinking for small areas of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais. Methods: Ecological study conducted with data from the Surveillance System for Risk and Protection Factors for Noncommunicable Diseases by Telephone Survey (Sistema de Vigilância de Fatores de Risco e Proteção para Doenças Crônicas por Inquérito Telefônico – Vigitel). The prevalence of risk and protection factors from 2006 to 2013 were estimated and the 95% confidence intervals calculated. “Small areas” corresponded to the municipality division into four strata of health risk classification given by the Health Vulnerability Index 2012 (Índice de Vulnerabilidade à Saúde – IVS). Results: The mean prevalences for the period were: about 42% of regular intake of fruit and vegetable, 34.7% of leisure time activity and 20.4% of binge drinking. The prevalence of fruit and vegetable consumption was higher in low-risk areas (58.5%; 95%CI 56.8 – 60.2) and lower in very high-risk areas (32.3%; 95%CI 27.7 – 36.9). The practice of LTPA was higher in low-risk areas (40.8%; 95%CI 38.9 – 42.8) and lower in very high risk (25.2%; 95%CI 20.6 – 29.9). Binge drinking was higher in low-risk areas (22.9%; 95%CI 21.7 – 24.2) compared to very high-risk areas (14.3%; 95%CI 11.4 – 17.3). Conclusion: It was identified a gradient in the distribution of risk and protection factors for noncommunicable diseases in Belo Horizonte according to the risk classification. This information can support programs aimed at reducing health inequalities, especially in the most vulnerable areas.
Relationship between GDP per capita and traffic accidents in Brazilian municipalities in 2005, 2010 and 2015
Authors: Pinheiro Pedro Cisalpino , Teixeira Renato Azeredo , Ribeiro Antonio Luiz Pinho , Malta Deborah Carvalho
Published: December 2020

ABSTRACT: Objective: The main objective of this paper was to analyze the relation between GDP and three variables linked to traffic accidents in Brazilian municipalities: traffic accident mortality, deaths per vehicle; and vehicles per inhabitant. Methods: 2005, 2010 and 2015 traffic accident (TA) mortality rates were estimated using a three-year moving average and were standardized; then, we applied the empirical Bayes estimator (EBE). Fatality rates (deaths per vehicle) were also based on EBE. The variable vehicles per inhabitant considered the ratio between the fleet and the population at municipal level. For every studied year, we estimated linear regression models between GDP and the interest variables. Results: The variables distribution indicates that, between 2005 and 2015, GDP and vehicles per inhabitant kept the same rising relationship. Fatality rates show a decreasing association with GDP. The distribution of mortality by TA had an inverted U-shaped pattern. The model coefficients practically did not change for the vehicle per inhabitant. Estimated association between deaths per vehicle and GDP kept the same sign, but diminished between 2005 and 2015. Model coefficient sign changed in 2015 for TA mortality. Conclusion: Similar to what was observed in developed countries, the relation between mortality by traffic accidents and GDP changed in the analyzed period.
Minsky: moeda, restrição de sobrevivência e hierarquia do sistema monetário globalizado
Authors: Torres Filho Ernani Teixeira
Published: December 2020

Resumo Hyman Minsky é, em geral, conhecido por sua teoria da instabilidade financeira. Na sua visão, as crises no sistema capitalista moderno têm origem endógena, por causa da tendência de empresas e bancos a adotarem um comportamento cada vez mais especulativo, na medida em que a estabilidade econômica se prolonga. Outros conceitos originais e igualmente relevantes desenvolvidos por Minsky são menos tratados pela literatura, inclusive pós-keynesiana. É o caso da “restrição de sobrevivência”. Esse texto pretende cobrir essa lacuna, apresentando e discutindo a relevância da restrição de sobrevivência do ponto de vista da teoria da moeda e da conformação hierarquizada que o sistema monetário globalizado tomou a partir da Crise de 2008.
O matriciamento em saúde mental como dispositivo para a formação e gestão do cuidado em saúde
Authors: Santos Angela Maria , Cunha Antonio Ledo Alves , Cerqueira Paula
Published: December 2020

Resumo Este trabalho tem como objetivo refletir a partir da pesquisa realizada no município de Piraí-RJ sobre o processo de matriciamento e suas implicações para a gestão do cuidado em saúde. Utilizando a cartografia como referencial metodológico, foi possível trabalhar o tema do matriciamento, junto aos estudantes/bolsistas do projeto PET saúde (Programa de Educação para o Trabalho em Saúde), exercitando o processo de implicação e responsabilização como atores operadores do cuidado em saúde. Os pesquisadores foram se dando conta de que na produção da saúde, a definição por um modelo de atenção, por parte do gestor, não é suficiente para determinar a execução dos princípios do SUS. Nesta perspectiva, o matriciamento foi se caracterizando como importante ferramenta para mudança gerencial dos serviços de saúde, considerando seu potencial para modificar a lógica hierarquizada da gestão em saúde e para a integração das ações de saúde mental na atenção primária em saúde. Nesse percurso, as formulações apresentadas ajudam a compreender o matriciamento como um dispositivo para a produção de subjetividades para a gestão do cuidado em saúde.
Uma contribuição para compreender a indústria farmacêutica na dinâmica capitalista financeirizada
Authors: Soares Cristiane , Monte-Cardoso Artur , Silva Rondineli Mendes da , Luiza Vera Lucia
Published: December 2020

Resumo A dominância financeira é um novo padrão sistêmico da riqueza que estabelece novas maneiras de definir, gerir e realizar a riqueza. As corporações não financeiras têm-se transformado em consonância com a dominância financeira, o que pode ocasionar desdobramentos na dinâmica produtiva e de inovação, assim como nas economias nacionais. Em meio à pandemia do coronavírus, a extrema necessidade do desenvolvimento tecnológico imputa a importância de um olhar retrospectivo para o setor farmacêutico. O objetivo do artigo é discutir as mudanças produzidas pela financeirização no âmbito da indústria farmacêutica. Para tanto, realizou-se revisão da literatura científica por busca e seleção sistematizadas. Os artigos, na maioria sobre empresas sediadas no RU e EUA, evidenciaram a dominância financeira pela concepção da empresa como ativo, participação dos fundos de alto risco, protagonismo dos ativos intangíveis, maximização do valor dos acionistas, desintegração vertical das atividades, intensificação de fusões e aquisições e encurtamento do horizonte de planejamento. Esses elementos não foram homogêneos em todos estudos demandando análises específicas por países e estudos de caso. A presente revisão contribuiu para a discussão do avanço tecnológico e aponta lacunas na produção cientifica no contexto de economias periféricas e articulada às políticas públicas e sistemas de saúde.
Governança global, regulamentação flexível e os ensaios clínicos na medicina regenerativa no Reino Unido e na União Europeia
Authors: Acero Liliana
Published: December 2020

Resumo A medicina regenerativa encontra-se em fase de desenvolvimento dos ensaios clínicos em terapias celulares (TC), na sua manufatura e na sua adoção gradual dentro dos sistemas de saúde. Entretanto, há uma série de lacunas e contradições na governança e regulamentação na área e o objetivo principal deste artigo é sua discussão dentro das tendências globais, já que esses processos afetam de modo substantivo a saúde coletiva global e encontram-se ainda escassamente resolvidos. O texto foca nos processos prevalentes nos ensaios clínicos com TC em duas lideranças internacionais, o Reino Unido e a União Europeia, utilizando a análise bibliográfica e de conteúdo. O texto conclui com uma discussão das principais vantagens e desvantagens para a saúde coletiva global da transição de um modelo científico de comprovação das novas terapias celulares para, eventualmente, outro baseado na inovação médica ou clínica. O último procede desde a fase pré-clínica com animais à aplicação das novas terapias a grupos pequenos de pacientes e, logo a seguir, a sua inserção no mercado. Muitas vezes, esse modelo se associa a flexibilidades regulatórias, a serem ilustradas no artigo, e especialmente desenhadas para aumentar a rapidez no desenvolvimento e aplicação das terapias.
Horta terapêutica e saúde bucal: desafios na utilização de plantas medicinais na promoção da saúde
Authors: Cock Nayara Rudeck Oliveira Sthel , Vicente Creuza Rachel , Silva Fábio Hebert da
Published: December 2020

Resumo A inserção de hortas terapêuticas no SUS fomenta o cuidado compartilhado e incentiva promissoras abordagens terapêuticas para saúde bucal, pois transporta para o centro as práticas populares em saúde. Isso implica reorganizar os serviços adotando como eixo a Clínica Ampliada. Estudos nessa esfera justificam-se pela necessidade de conhecer experiências desenvolvidas nos territórios. Relata-se o trabalho desenvolvido de março a agosto de 2017 numa Unidade Básica de Saúde do município de Vitória-ES. As experiências e efeitos dos processos de trabalho foram cartografados com a equipe de saúde bucal e usuários, a partir da construção de uma horta na Estratégia da Saúde da Família. Adotaram-se como eixos metodológicos: produção de diário de campo e realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas. A investigação produziu dispositivos de análise coletiva dos processos de trabalho e das práticas de formação, que expressam ainda incompatibilidades entre o perfil profissional demandado para estruturação da Clínica Ampliada e os reais processos de trabalho em Odontologia. Assim, compreender a construção da horta como dispositivo de criação de redes de cuidado implica delinear práticas ricas em interlocuções interdisciplinares e elaborar novas concepções de atuação em saúde bucal e possibilidades para a Atenção Primária.
Variações da qualidade da água de chuva e de açudes armazenada em cisternas em municípios do semiárido do estado da Paraíba
Authors: Farto Cindy Deina , Silva Tarciso Cabral da
Published: December 2020

RESUMO Neste trabalho são apresentadas a evolução temporal de parâmetros de qualidade e a análise de conformidade da água armazenada em cisternas nos municípios de Barra de Santana, Boqueirão e Caturité, no semiárido do estado da Paraíba. A água armazenada nas cisternas estudadas é oriunda da chuva e dos açudes Epitácio Pessoa, na região do Cariri, e Araçagi, na região do Brejo. Foram analisados os valores dos parâmetros pH, turbidez, condutividade elétrica, sólidos totais dissolvidos, alcalinidade total, cor aparente, dureza total, cloretos, amônia, sulfato, nitrato, coliformes totais, coliformes termotolerantes, Escherichia coli e bactérias heterotróficas, com frequência mensal nos meses de fevereiro a outubro de 2017, em plena seca de 2011/2017. Foram observadas variações relevantes nos parâmetros da água oriunda dos açudes, principalmente do açude Epitácio Pessoa, em decorrência do aporte de água do rio São Francisco por meio do Projeto de Integração do Rio São Francisco com as Bacias do Nordeste Setentrional (PISF). Os resultados indicaram que não houve variações consideráveis nos parâmetros da água de chuva armazenada nas cisternas. Diferentemente das cisternas com águas de açudes, houve conformidade em relação à Portaria nº 5/2017 do Ministério da Saúde para todos os parâmetros físicos e químicos analisados nas cisternas com água de chuva.
Reviewing Autoencoders for Missing Data Imputation: Technical Trends, Applications and Outcomes
Authors: Cardoso Pereira Ricardo , Seoane Santos Miriam , Pereira Rodrigues Pedro , Henriques Abreu Pedro
Published: December 2020

Missing data is a problem often found in real-world datasets and it can degrade the performance of most machine learning models. Several deep learning techniques have been used to address this issue, and one of them is the Autoencoder and its Denoising and Variational variants. These models are able to learn a representation of the data with missing values and generate plausible new ones to replace them. This study surveys the use of Autoencoders for the imputation of tabular data and considers 26 works published between 2014 and 2020. The analysis is mainly focused on discussing patterns and recommendations for the architecture, hyperparameters and training settings of the network, while providing a detailed discussion of the results obtained by Autoencoders when compared to other state-of-the-art methods, and of the data contexts where they have been applied. The conclusions include a set of recommendations for the technical settings of the network, and show that Denoising Autoencoders outperform their competitors, particularly the often used statistical methods.