bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Adaptation of eye movement behaviour during closed-captioned movie viewing
Authors: Behler Anna , Campbell Megan Ethel Janine , Bathgate Brodi , van der Meer Johan , Sonkusare Saurabh , Breakspear Michael
Published: December 2024

Closed captions are increasingly present in movie viewing, exceeding their initial purpose for hearing-impaired audiences to a wider use among viewers. Integrating captions introduces an additional visual element to the multisensory experience of watching movies. This study examines how eye movement behaviour differs between free reading of closed captions and background scene gazing and how it is affected by the availability of audio. Using eye-tracking, we analysed saccades and fixations in designated areas of interest as participants viewed a 20-minute movie with the alternating presence and absence of audio. Viewers seamlessly integrated the two visual input streams by frequently shifting their gaze between the captions and the scene, even in the presence of audio. In the absence of audio, viewers adjust their transition probabilities between reading captions and observing visual scenes - rather than the duration of reading intervals - altering the balance to adapt to the missing auditory input. Modelling the characteristics of eye movements with gamma functions revealed less skewed distributions on the caption text compared to the visual scene, indicating more consistent eye movement patterns on caption text than the background natural scenes. Notably, these patterns remained stable regardless of the presence or absence of sound. These findings highlight how reading and gaze-related eye movement behaviours are shaped by perceptual features, with viewers adapting to auditory absence by increasing gaze shifts without fundamentally changing low level eye movement properties. Language, emotional content, and narrative elements strongly influence caption engagement, underscoring the role of content in directing attention within multisensory media experiences.
The Pleks-Krea Theory: A New Understanding of Reality
Authors: Bakalov Aleksandar
Published: December 2024

We present a novel theoretical framework that proposes a fundamental unification of QM phenomena and gravitational effects througha single entity (Krea) manifesting via projections through a pre-geometricstructure (Pleks). This framework naturally explains the perfect identity of elementary particles, quantum entanglement, and vacuum fluctuations while making specific, testable predictions about particle behavior in high-energy collisions and near black holes. We present 47fundamental theorems describing the mathematical structure of thisframework and derive experimental predictions that could validate orinvalidate the theory. The framework suggests new interpretationsof existing experimental data from particle accelerators and quantumentanglement studies, while proposing new experiments to test its predictions.
Increased breathlessness in post-COVID fatigue despite normal breathing behaviour in a rebreathing challenge - A Bayesian brain perspective on post-COVID fatigue
Authors: von Werder Dina , Aubele Maria , Regnath Franziska , Tebbe Elisabeth , Mladenov Dejan , von Rheinbaben Victoria , Hahn Elisabeth , Schaefer Daniel , Biersack Katharina , Adorjan Kristina , Stubbe Hans C. , Bogaerts Katleen , Jörres Rudolf , Nowak Dennis , Van den Bergh Omer , Glasauer Stefan , Lehnen Nadine
Published: December 2024

Background:Multiple pathophysiological changes have been identified in patients with post-COVID syndrome. However, a comprehensive understanding of the underlying mechanism explaining the symptoms is still lacking. Here, we investigate processing of respiratory information for breathing control and symptom perception by measuring the perceptual, behavioural and physiological responses to a controlled rebreathing challenge.Methods:In this pre-registered rebreathing paradigm, we investigated 40 patients suffering from severe post-COVID fatigue (N=22 with breathlessness) and 40 healthy participants matched for age, gender and BMI. Participants were only included if lung function testing, neurological and neurocognitive examination were within normal limits on the day of the experiment. During the experiment, respiratory measures (physiology and behaviour) and breathlessness ratings were recorded. Groups were compared using Bayesian repeated measures ANOVA.Results:Patients’ breathlessness is strongly increased (BF10,baseline=8.029, BF10,rebreathing=11636, BF10,recovery=43662) compared to controls, also in patients without post-COVID breathlessness. When excluding patients who hyperventilated (N=8, 20%) during the experiment from the analysis, differences in breathlessness remain (BF10,baseline=1.283, BF10,rebreathing=126.812, BF10,recovery=751.282). In contrast, for physiology and breathing behaviour, all evidence points towards no difference between the two groups (0.307>BF10<0.704).Conclusion:While breathing control is mostly intact, processes for symptom perception are impaired in patients with post-COVID fatigue. We propose different computational mechanisms that could underlie this erroneous processing by adopting a Bayesian brain perspective.
Confronting the Past? Public Norms, Private Truths, and the Politics of Memory in Post-WWII Germany
Authors: Fouka Vasiliki , Dinas Elias , Ziblatt Daniel
Published: December 2024

How do nations confront a history of past atrocities? Can public efforts to address the past shift private views, or do they merely establish social norms fostering the misrepresentation of stigmatized preferences? A prime example of confronting the past is post-war Germany, shaped by the legacy of Nazism's atrocities in World War II. Decades later, we examine how public recognition of collective guilt through discourse, education, and culture has shaped German identity and attitudes towards the country's history. Using a nationally representative survey and an experimental treatment, we distinguish private preferences from their public expression. Our findings reveal that low national pride and muted emotional ties to German history are internalized rather than driven by social desirability. However, a stigma persists around publicly expressing a desire to move beyond a perpetrator-focused narrative. This study underscores both the potential and the limits of the public recognition of a nation’s historical sins.
Personality Types and Educational Situation Perception in Juveniles from Youth and Probation Centers
Authors: Konaszewski Karol , Fajkowska Małgorzata , Rogoza Marta , Rogoza Radosław , Karwowski Maciej
Published: December 2024

People differ in their perception of various situations, and personality factors are vital predictors of such perceptions. With a large sample (N = 658) of Polish juveniles referred by family courts to educational and probation centers, this study explored how latent profiles of various intensities of Stability and Aggressiveness differ in perceiving various educational situations. Our latent profile analysis resulted in three distinct groups that differed regarding their Stability and Aggressiveness: maladaptive (i.e., low Stability, high Aggressiveness), resilient (high Stability and low Aggressiveness), and flexible. Resilient individuals perceived situations as less deceptive, adverse, and negative than the maladaptive group. Resilient individuals also perceived situations as less intellectual and social than the maladaptive group. Overall, this study shows that the unique constellation of traits might have serious implications for understanding educational situations in groups of juveniles.
Growing wildfire-derived PM2.5 across the contiguous U.S. and implications for air quality regulation
Authors: Childs Marissa , Martins Mariana , Wilson Andrew , Qiu Minghao , Heft-Neal Sam , Burke Marshall
Published: December 2024

Growing wildfire activity across North America produces significant smoke, undermining efforts to regulate surface air quality and protect public health. Using surface measurements, satellites, and machine learning, we provide granular, daily estimates of smoke PM2.5 concentrations in the contiguous U.S. from 2006 to 2023, and use them to assess the implications of smoke for surface air pollution and its regulation. From 2020 to 2023, population average smoke PM2.5 concentrations were 2.6–6.7 times higher than the 2006–2019 average, with exposure periods twice as long. The 5 worst exposure days in our sample period all occurred in 2023, a year with limited exposure in the western U.S. Wildfire smoke has recently driven 34% of monitoring stations above updated air quality standards, and is making the use of extreme event exemptions challenging. Without wildfire smoke, PM2.5 levels would have continued improving across the US.
Facial Expression Driven Medical Rehabilitation Robot
Authors: Refat Chowdhury Mohammad Masum
Published: December 2024

After a stroke, most patients suffer from various physical movement disorders. Recovery of paralyzed parts can be facilitated through proper rehabilitation exercises. However, many paralyzed patients rely on others for assistance with daily activities and rehabilitation therapy. Consequently, they often do not perform rehabilitation exercises regularly, leading to prolonged recovery periods. In recent years, various rehabilitation robots have become commercially available for home-based exercise environments. However, most of these robots are unable to interpret patients' feedback during rehabilitation exercises. In this paper, a deep learning-based Facial Expression Recognition (FER) system is developed to control a rehabilitation robot. The model is trained using the JAFFE and FER2013 facial expression datasets, and a prototype rehabilitation robot is used to evaluate the system's performance. Experimental hardware tests show that the model achieves an accuracy of 97.01% on the JAFFE dataset and 87% on the FER2013 dataset. In future work, the proposed facial expression model will be tested with an upper limb rehabilitation system to further validate its effectiveness.
Object substitution pretense reflects a general capacity to interpret objects as symbols
Authors: Revencu Barbu
Published: December 2024

Nonlinguistic external representations, such as diagrams, animations, or puppet shows, involvelocal relations between a perceptually available object (a symbol) and an entity that is relevant inthe current communicative context (a discourse referent). By analyzing the empirical evidence onearly pretend play, I argue that object substitution pretense can be fully accounted for if it isconceived of as a subspecies of external representation. This implies that the capacity to interpretobjects as symbols emerges early and reliably in human ontogeny. I discuss several accounts ofpretend play and related phenomena and argue that the current proposal provides a better andmore general account of early symbolic understanding than alternative views.
Diversity and Representation in Developmental EEG: Participant Recruitment and Reporting
Authors: Morales Santiago , Oh Lauren , Cox Kylie , Rodriguez-Sanchez Ramiro , Nadaya Gina , Buzzell George , Troller-Renfree Sonya V.
Published: December 2024

Electroencephalography (EEG) is one of the main neuroscientific measures used with infants and children to identify potential biomarkers of cognitive and social developmental processes. Given the implications of developmental EEG research within policy, clinical, and educational domains, it is important to ensure that reported results are generalizable and reproducible. In this review, to provide an initial assessment of previous and current practices regarding participant recruitment and demographic reporting, we carried out a systematic review of the six journals publishing the most pediatric EEG studies between 2011-2023. We identified 700 articles reporting on pediatric EEG (N > 80,000). We find that most studies did not provide complete reporting of basic demographic information (e.g., race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, geographical location). This trend persisted across years of publication, suggesting continued underreporting. However, the reporting of demographic information differed between journals, suggesting solutions for improving reporting practices. Our review also indicated that samples consisted of mostly White participants (78%) from North America and Western Europe (85%). Moreover, the median total sample size was 51 participants. Our discussion emphasizes the need for larger, more diverse samples and greater transparency in developmental EEG studies, while providing recommendations to address barriers to representation and reproducibility.
The Ottoman Origins of the Hasidic Kaftan
Authors: Solomon Elena
Published: December 2024

Scholar Cornelia Aust analyzes the historical connection between the Jewish kaftan and the Polish aristocracy during the 17th and 18th centuries. This article expands on her work to illuminate the significant influence of the Ottoman Empire on Polish Sarmatian and, subsequently, Jewish fashion. The research will trace the slow provenance of the Hasidic kaftan, showing first the Polish Jewry’s adoption of aristocratic dress, then the Polish aristocracy’s imitation of Ottoman fashion a century earlier. This paper will subsequently examine Ottoman dress from the 15th and 16th centuries to show its original forms and stability over this period. Contemporary images and 19th century lithographs of Polish and Jewish kaftans will be compared with painted portraits from Istanbul in 1618. As Aust shrewdly describes eastern European Jewish fashion as “out of time;” this article shows Jewish dress as additionally “out of place.”
Transition patterns between school violence victim types in the real world and cyber violence victim types of middle school students and their psychological characteristics
Authors:   The Education Research Institute, No Un Kyung
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the cause and effect transition relationship between middle school students' experiences in school violence and cyber violence, and to identify differences in psychological characteristics by type of cyber violence victims. To this end, latent transition analysis was conducted with middle school students' data collected in 2018 from a survey on the status of children and youth human rights. According to the analysis, the types of school violence victims and cyber violence victims were classified into four groups each. Forty percent of students in groups experiencing different types of school violence at high-level experience similarly violence in cyberspace. Students who have experienced sexual harassment-oriented damage in cyberspace have the highest levels of drop-out impulse, suicide impulse, depression and anxiety, and the lowest level of self-esteem and satisfaction in life. Based on these findings, implications were derived and discussed.
Development of a Micro-Level Major Curriculum Accreditation System for Quality Management in University Education in the Fourth Industrial Revolution Era
Authors:   The Education Research Institute, Song Hong Jun
Published: December 2024

This study aims to develop a micro-level curriculum accreditation system to enhance the quality of university education in response to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. As industries and societal demands rapidly evolve, universities are required to shift their focus toward cultivating creative and interdisciplinary talents equipped with the necessary competencies for the future. In this study, a CIFF-based accreditation model was designed, defining specific evaluation criteria across core areas of assessment to establish a systematic curriculum evaluation framework. The research methodology involved a literature review and expert consultation with seven specialists to validate the model, ultimately finalizing 41 evaluation items within four assessment domains: Context, Input, Process, and Output. These criteria incorporate essential elements such as internal and external conditions analysis, the integration of learner and industry needs, enhancement of core competencies, and the establishment of a continuous feedback loop to ensure systematic management suited to the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The findings indicate that this accreditation system can contribute to improving the quality of education by thoroughly reflecting the requirements of learners and industry and supporting the continuous improvement of curricula through a cyclical feedback structure. This study can serve as foundational data for enhancing global competitiveness in university education and fostering future talent. Further research should apply this model to various universities and educational institutions to examine its practical utility.
A Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Underachievement Students Programs for Elementary School Students
Authors:   The Education Research Institute, Choi Byung Yeon , Lee Jeong Hwa
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to present an efficient underachievement program for underachieving elementary school students' underachievement intervention using meta-analysis to the field of underachievement education in elementary schools, and to present comprehensive implications and directions for underachievement education. There were 28 academic journals and 43 dissertations related to poor learning of elementary school students published in Korea from 2013 to July 2024. For the analysis of the data, CMA (Comprehensive Meta Analysis, V3) was used. 83 sample-level effect sizes and 444 variable-level effect sizes were extracted from a total of 71 papers. The wireless model was selected as the analysis model for the effect size, and the level of analysis was analyzed at the sample level and variable level. The overall average effect size was .713, indicating a medium effect size. The programs for poor learning of elementary school students were examined by program type, program result variable, and program control variable. By program type, the counseling program was the highest, and the learning motivation program showed the lowest average effect size. By program result variable, the cognitive variable, behavioral variable, and affective variable were in order. By program control variable, the publication year was 2023, the publication type was a thesis, the grade was lower, the target was underachiever students, the region was a small and medium-sized city, the treatment period was less than 4 weeks, the number of treatments was less than 10 times, the total treatment time was more than 41 minutes, the total treatment time was less than 500 minutes, the group size was 16-20 people or less, the learning focus was basic learning-oriented, and the subject was the highest average effect size in Korean. This study is significant in that it analyzes the effect of the poor learning program for elementary school students on poor learning and provides comprehensive implications for poor learning and the direction of education.
Service-Learning Implementation by Pre-Service Science Teachers in a University Life Experience Program for High School Students with Disabilities
Authors:   The Education Research Institute, Yoon Ma Byong
Published: December 2024

This paper presents a field research case applying service-learning pedagogy for a university life experience program targeted at high school students with disabilities, conducted at J University in 2022 and 2023. The study involved open-ended surveys and reflective journals from participating high school students, supervising teachers, guardians, and educational support staff (mentors in service-learning). The findings of the study are as follows. The educational satisfaction of students with disabilities who participated in the program was very high. Students were able to experience the possibilities of college admission and career exploration through major experiences, mentoring, and the support of service-learning mentors. The pre-service science teachers who participated as mentors had very high expectations for the program and were satisfied with the class operation. They reported learning new things while preparing to lead and teach students with disabilities, thereby developing core competencies such as sharing, caring, and a sense of community essential for future society. In particular, pre-service science teachers viewed this as a great opportunity to foster mutual benefit in service-learning classes, practical pedagogical content knowledge (PCK), and self-efficacy in their teaching profession. Participants expressed a desire for this program to be a long-term special program at the university, continuing beyond high school graduation as part of transition education for students with disabilities. Moreover, it was suggested that the role of educational support staff should extend beyond ensuring safety and care for students with disabilities to fostering mutual benefit and sustainable development. This study proposes that service-learning is an effective teaching and learning method with long-term benefits.
Developing AI Digital Textbook: Policy Status and Key Issues
Authors:   The Education Research Institute, Hwang Jae Woon
Published: December 2024

This study explores the current status and challenges of education policies related to the development of AI Digital Textbook in South Korea. It aims to gather foundational data to support the improvement and innovation of education policies amidst the transition to a digital education system. The research methodology included a scoping review using press releases, explanatory materials from the Ministry of Education, and documents from affiliated research institutions. The findings of the study are as follows. First, setting 2023 as the starting point for digital education innovation, the Ministry of Education has been promoting policies for the development of AI Digital Textbook, aiming to provide customized learning support for students. In the process of implementing these policies, establishing the legal status of AI digital textbooks and building institutional frameworks in collaboration with EdTech companies have been identified as key initiatives. Second, it was revealed that the Ministry of Education has established a T.O.U.C.H Teacher Group to drive innovation in digital-based education. This group is expected to grow members by 2025, with relevant training in a bootcamp format, with a focus on leading the transition to digital education. In addition, the study discusses emerging issues related to teachers and various aspects of AI Digital Textbook in the context of ongoing policy implementation.
Analysis of Factors Influencing Schooling Productivity
Authors:   The Education Research Institute, Gang Min Ja , Ban Sang Jin
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study was to empirically analyze factors influencing schooling productivity which means comprehensively by integrating quantitative educational outcome such as academic achievement and qualitative educational outcomes like school satisfaction of students. The subjects of this study were 1,060 students and 205 teachers from 18 general public and private high schools located in Jeollabuk-do. Multiple regression analysis was used by extracting a total of 12 variables predicted as factors affecting schooling productivity. Specifically, there were 4 school variables (number of students per teacher, number of students per class, facility level, administrative support level), and 4 student variables (educational expenditure per student, SES of students, teacher satisfaction of students, and principal satisfaction of students). And there were 4 teacher variables (teacher's educational attainment level, career level, teacher's job satisfaction, and teacher's principal satisfaction). The main findings of this study were as followings; First, the factors that affected academic achievement include the number of students per class, the facility level, the level of administrative support, and educational expenditure per student and the student's SES. Second, the factors that affected student satisfaction with school were the facility level, the student's SES, the student's teacher satisfaction and the student's principal satisfaction. Third, the factors that affected both academic achievement and student satisfaction in school were the facility level and the student's SES. Finally, among the school variables, the number of students per teacher and four teacher variables did not affect schooling productivity. While research on schooling productivity has been mainly focused on academic achievement for more than 50 years since Coleman's report(1966), this study was meaningful in defining schooling productivity to include students' school satisfaction as a qualitative outcome of schooling and academic achievement as a quantitative outcome of schooling, and empirically verifies the influencing factors. The results of this study would provide implications for the future direction of evidence-based education finance policy establishment and education financial investment by empirically analyzing the factors affecting schooling productivity.
Support plan for Jeonbuk IB program operating schools
Authors:   The Education Research Institute, Kim Tae Hoon
Published: December 2024

The Jeonbuk Special Self-Governing Provincial Office of Education is promoting various projects based on the ‘IB Program Operation Plan’ and this year’s 10 tasks ‘Expansion of the IB Program’. In order to promote more sophisticated projects, a detailed analysis of the actual needs of schools is needed. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to derive support measures for schools operating the Jeonbuk IB program. Face-to-face interviews and written consultations were conducted with 26 people, including IB school coordinators and administrators, and analyzed using a consensual qualitative research method. The categories of consensus and cooperative culture, teacher expertise, leadership and support, educational environmental foundation, and support from students and parents were identified as factors promoting the operation of IB program schools, and the burden of teachers, lack of consensus, and IB were identified as hindering factors. Misunderstandings, material and financial constraints, and differences in curriculum were identified. Policy suggestions to encourage these promoting factors and overcome inhibiting factors were presented in terms of establishing objectives, establishing an environment, creating a culture, and supporting learning according to the IB PSP category. The results of this study will increase practical understanding of schools operating the IB program and will be used as basic data for support measures at the education office level.
Research Trends on Children of Military Families in Korea
Authors:   The Education Research Institute, Kim Ji Hyun , Yoon Mi Sun
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the trends in research on military children in Korea and to suggest directions for promoting and supporting related research. To understand the overall trends in this field, the study addresses the following research question: “What are the trends in military children research in Korea?” A systematic literature review was conducted, focusing on previous studies concerning military children in Korea. Through this process, 56 articles were selected for in-depth review and analyzed according to research period, research field, methodology, subject population, research region, and variables or factors examined. The results of the analysis are as follows. The research on military children in Korea began in 1982, with a continuous stream of publications appearing from 2008 to 2022. The majority of studies were conducted within the social sciences, with a strong preference for quantitative research methods. Elementary school students were the most frequently studied population. Geographically, the research was concentrated in the Chungcheongbuk-do region. Commonly studied variables included academic, emotional, behavioral, social, family, and environmental factors, with family and environmental factors appearing most frequently. The 179 studies reviewed addressed variables primarily related to home environment, adjustment, school transfers, and parenting. This study is significant as it provides academic and policy implications by systematically reviewing research trends in the context of limited trend analyses on military children in Korea, and it highlights the need for a more diverse range of studies to support the healthy development of military children.
The Structural Relationship between Self-reflection and Civic Competency of Adult Lifelong Learners Indirect effects of interpersonal skills and critical thinking
Authors:   The Education Research Institute, Choi I Jung , Kong Suk Hee , Im Myoung Hee
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the indirect effects of interpersonal skills and critical thinking based on the structural relationship between self-reflection and civic competency of adult lifelong learners. To this end, data were processed using SPSS 27.0 and Amos 27.0 programs based on the data surveyed on 799 adult lifelong learners living across the country. Frequency analysis was performed to examine demographic characteristics, descriptive statistics to find out the normality distribution of each variable, Cronbach's α to verify the reliability of the measurement tool, and confirmatory factor analysis was performed to verify the validity. In addition, correlation analysis was performed to examine the correlation between research variables and structural equation model analysis to verify the hypothesis. As a result of the study, it was found that self-reflection had a significant positive (+) effect on civic competency, interpersonal ability, and critical thinking. Second, it was found that interpersonal skills had a significant effect on critical thinking and civic competency, and critical thinking had a significant effect on civic competency. Third, it was tested that interpersonal skills and critical thinking had a significant indirect effect between self-reflection and civic competency. Therefore, in this study, interpersonal skills and critical thinking are important to improve the self-reflection and civic competence of adult lifelong learning, and educational support is needed to improve lifelong education policy directions and programs.
Educational Support of Culture and Arts Education for Potential Development of Borderline Intelligent Elementary School Students
Authors:   The Education Research Institute, Kim Kyung Hyun , Hong Mi Sun , Buuveebaatar Bayartsetseg
Published: December 2024

The purpose of this study is to propose educational support that can help elementary students with borderline intelligence overcome cognitive and emotional limitations through arts and cultural education. To this end, we analyzed the impact and effects of arts and cultural education based on previous studies, exploring educational approaches that cater specifically to the needs of elementary students with borderline intelligence. The findings show that incorporating arts and cultural education elements into curriculum learning can alleviate cognitive, social, academic, and emotional challenges faced by students with borderline intelligence. Based on these results, we suggest implementing blended arts and cultural education support that integrates experiential arts activities into subject learning, thereby complementing the limitations of conventional education. Future research is anticipated to further analyze the potential improvements in cognitive abilities, academic outcomes, and social skills according to different grades and selected arts and cultural items for students with borderline intelligence.
Self-care among military spouses and partners: Developing the Military and Veteran Spouse Self-Care Inventory (MVSSCI)
Authors: Hare Jean Paul , Hare Karie , Borah Elisa , Castro Yessenia , Ortiz Rachel , Arora Anil
Published: December 2024

LAY SUMMARY

When people take care of themselves, it can improve their quality of life. This is especially important for U.S. military and Veteran spouses. The Veteran and military population experiences unique challenges in taking care of themselves while splitting their attention in order to support the military spouse. Although there are ways to measure how well individuals practice self-care, no measure has been created specifically for the military population. The current study created a shortened version of an established self-care inventory (the National Alliance on Mental Illness SCI) while evaluating the Veteran Spouse Resiliency Group (V-SRG), a peer-group-based support program. This group was specifically chosen because it offers evidence-based transition support and a safe space to improve self-care. There were 227 participants who completed surveys and gave feedback on how to improve the military-adapted version of the SCI. Researchers then asked participants to take pre- and post-intervention surveys online and in person to cross-check whether the new military-specific tool was reliable. Researchers did multiple tests to make sure the new measure contained the same concepts as the previously established measure. Military and Veteran partners experience unique stressors, and learning more about their self-care might improve their overall wellness.
Integrais definidas na determinação de características em estruturas metálicas na construção de um galpão
Authors: Moreira Juracy Mendes , Oliveira Wender Marcos , Goncalves Douglas Gomes , Nascimento Paulo Henrique do , Silva Junior Elielton Olimpio da , Brito Gisley de Souza
Published: December 2024

The objective proposed in this study will be to present a practical application of the use of the content of defined integrals in determining certain geometric characteristics in fundamental metallic structures in civil construction, knowing that there is a concern on the part of teachers and pedagogical coordinators regarding the teaching and learning of specific subjects, leading students to a lack of stimulation and, consequently, the much-feared dropout. As an application of the use of integrals, we can consider a civil engineer who has planned the construction of an agricultural shed and knows that the roof of the structure is described by a quadratic function of the type . Even though this structure is subject to a transverse shape resulting from its own weight and the weight of other structures that are supported on it. In cases where geometry proves to be inefficient, we will introduce the concept of the definite integral. Let
PENGARUH FEE AUDIT, FINANCIAL DISTRESS, KOMISARIS INDEPENDEN, DAN KOMITE AUDIT TERHADAP INTEGRITAS LAPORAN KEUANGAN
Authors: Lestari Sari , Shanti Yunita Kurnia
Published: December 2024

This research aims to examine the influence of audit fees, financial distress, independent commissioners and audit committees on the integrity of financial reports. Audit fees are measured using the natural logarithm of professional fees, financial distress is measured using the debt to equity ratio, independent commissioners are measured using the ratio of the number of members of the company's independent commissioners to the number of members of the company's board of commissioners, audit committees are measured using the comparison of the number of audit committees that come from from the independent committee with the number of audit committee members and the integrity of the financial reports as measured using the market to book ratio. This type of research is quantitative. Based on purposive sampling, the number of sample companies was 29 companies with an observation period of 5 years, so the total sample was 145 data on the property and real estate sectors listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) during the 2018-2022 period. The data analysis used in this research is a panel data regression model using E-Views 12. The results of this research show that partially audit fees and audit committees have no effect on the integrity of financial reports. Financial distress and independent commissioners have a significant effect on the integrity of financial reports. Meanwhile, simultaneously audit fees, financial distress, independent commissioners and audit committees influence the integrity of financial reports. Keywords: Financial Statement Integrity, Audit Fees, Financial Distress, Independent Commissioner, Audit Committee.
Management of cerebrospinal fluid leak after a minimally invasive lumbar decompression procedure: illustrative case
Authors: Pacult Mark A. , Farber S. Harrison , Tumialán Luis M. , Oppenlander Mark E.
Published: December 2024

BACKGROUND

Neurogenic claudication caused by lumbar stenosis is a prevalent disorder of the spinal canal for which many treatment options exist. The mild (minimally invasive lumbar decompression) procedure has recently been introduced as a safe and effective alternative to medical management in the treatment of lumbar stenosis. However, data on complications are rarely reported, and the incidence of complications, when reported, is frequently assessed at 0% in the literature.

OBSERVATIONS

The case of a patient with a cerebrospinal fluid leak following a mild procedure performed at an outpatient facility who presented to an inpatient emergency department is discussed. After lumbar drainage failed, the patient required 2 operative procedures to rectify the leak.

LESSONS

A seemingly innocuous procedure may have highly morbid complications requiring a lengthy inpatient stay and return trips to the operating room. The physicians and surgeons who manage these complications are frequently not those who performed the index procedure; they should be educated on the risks of the procedure and best practices for definitive management.

https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE24497
Research on in vitro propagation techniques of vine-tea plant (Ampelopsis cantoniensis (Hook. and Arn.) Planch)
Authors: HANG LA THI THU , LAM NGUYEN HO
Published: December 2024

Vine-tea plant has the scientific name Ampelopsis cantoniensis (Hook. and Arn.) Planch and is a valuable herb plant in Vietnam. This study aimed to find a method to sterilize samples and nutrient medium components in each stage of shoots regeneration, rapid shoots multiplication, complete plant creation and in vitro seedling cultivation in the nursery stage of in vitro propagation techniques of vine-tea plant. Four experiments in research room and one experiment in nursery were conducted from January to December 2023 at Hue University of Agriculture and Forestry, Vietnam. Criterias of infected, alived, clean and dead samples, rate of shoot regeneration and number of shoots/samples were measured. Research results showed that the best medium to regenerate shoots from stem section carrying dormant eyes is MS + 1.5mg BAP/l + 6.5g agar/l + 30g sucrose/l. The best medium to quickly multiply shoots is MS + 1.5 mg BAP/l + 0.2 mg IBA/l + 6.5g agar/l + 30g sucrose/l. The best complete plant-creating medium is MS + 0.5 mg α-NAA/l + 6.5g agar/l + 30g sucrose/l. In the condition that the nursery has a rain cover roof, a black net reduced the light intensity by 70% and the tissue culture nursery substrate of humus soil under the forest canopy + coconut fiber powder + smoked rice husk (1:1:1) gave the best results with survival rate reached 76.67%.
The Karelian language landscape in the dialectometric paradigm
Authors: Novak Irina P.
Published: December 2024

Karelian dialectal speech has been studied by linguists of Finnic languages in Russia and elsewhere for a century and a half, but such issues in Karelian dialectology as the fuzzy distribution of dialectal units over the territory, selection of the fundamental principle for dialectal division, determination of the language status of specific varieties, etc., have so far remained unresolved. This article summarizes the results of a study of Karelian dialectal speech based on archival materials from the 1930s–1970s in the “Dialectological Atlas of Karelian” (1997) performed using the dialectometric method of cluster analysis: the main contrastive phenomena of phonological, morphonological, morphological and lexical linguistic levels are listed, the distribution ranges are described and a typology of their members is provided, the current three-level dialect classification and the periodization of the history of the Karelian language are presented. Three supra-dialects are outlined on the dialect map: Karelian Proper, Livvi, and Ludic. They are distinguished on the basis of isoglosses of the morphological and morphonological systems inherited from the early period in the development of the language. The Karelian Proper supra-dialect rests upon Balto-Finnic Protolanguage and pan-Karelian novel traits; Livvi shows Balto-Finnic archaisms, features coming from the Old Veps substrate, which has affected different language levels, Old Karelian innovations, and its own dialectal features; Ludic incorporates Old Karelian innovations and a pronounced Old Veps substrate. The Karelian Proper supra-dialect was subdivided into three dialects: northern, southern (variants spoken in Central Russia), and a transitional dialect occupying an intermediate position between supra-dialects. Ludic is differentiated into two dialects: the original Ludic and the Pryazha dialect (Ludic variants spoken in the Pryazha District of Karelia), which was heavily influenced in later periods by neighboring Livvi sub-dialects. Variants of the Livvi supra-dialect proved to be relatively uniform. The making of the dialects was shaped by late Old Karelian dialectal differences and intensive contacts in the border areas of the supra-dialects, whereas the twenty sub-dialectal groups became differentiated through relatively recent phonetic and lexical innovations and contact influence of the neighboring languages.
Medieval names of churchyards in Korelsky county: On the border of states and languages
Authors: Vasilyev Valery L. , Mullonen Irma I.
Published: December 2024

The article comprehensively analyzes the origin and history of the names of medieval Novgorod churchyards (pogosts) adjacent to the northern shores of Lake Ladoga. The churchyard names are considered in geographical sequence — from north to south: Il’inskij Ilomanskij, Nikol’skij Serdovol’skij, Voskresenskij Solomjanskij, Bogorodickij Kir’jažskij, Voskresenskij Gorodenskij, Mixajlovskij Sakul’skij and Vasil’evskij Rovdužskij. The authors focus primarily on the analysis of the second adjectives in the given pairs. These are mainly derivatives of the Karelian names of those villages that the Novgorodians made the centers of their churchyards and church parishes. The name of the Gorodenskij pogost differs from the others in its vernacular, ancient Russian origin ( gorodъ, gorodъkъ ‘fortified place’), it referred only to the territorial district. In medieval documentation (Russian, Swedish, Finnish), place names have many variant forms due to the peculiarities of language adaptation and writing systems. Most of the first written mentions of churchyards date back to 1500, except for the Kir’jažskij and Serdovol’skij pogosts, evidence of which goes back to the 14th–15th centuries. Some churchyard names (Kir’jažskij, Rovdužskij, Serdovol’skij) in their phonetic development went very far from the reconstructed Karelian prototype place names: *Kurgijogi, *Raudu, *Sordavala. The Old Russian adaptation of these Karelian toponyms, in addition to regular phonetic correspondences, included a secondary convergence with assonant lexemes and anthroponyms. This thesis can also be applied to the name Solomjanskij pogost, which arose by replacing the Karelian *Salmi with the equivalent Old Novgorod Solomja (= solomja ‘strait’). The originally Karelian place names are interpreted differently. Some reproduce the designation of a natural site near which a Karelian village that became a territorial center was located. These are the churchyard names: Kir’jažskij ( *Kurgijogi ‘crane river’), Solomjanskij ( Salmi ‘strait’) and Ilomanskij churchyards (Ilomantsi Proto-Saami *e̬lēmäηće ‘topmost’). Others — Sakul’skij (Sakkula), Rovdužskij (*Raudu), Serdovol’skij (*Sordavala) — contain an anthroponym which should qualify as a patronymic, personal name, or nickname of the first settler.
Use of two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy in chemical analysis
Authors: Muratova M. E. , Mikheev I. V. , Volkov D. S. , Proskurnin M. A.
Published: December 2024

An overview of the main applications of generalized two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) in analytical chemistry is presented. 2D-COS is a method used to analyze datasets obtained from spectroscopic measurements. This approach is based on the use of two-dimensional correlation maps to identify and analyze correlations between different regions of the spectrum or data from two measurement methods. The purpose of using 2D-COS is to increase the amount of analytical information by revealing hidden data correlations. Analyzing such correlations for series of spectral data obtained for a certain range of analyte concentrations, pH, or component ratios of a mixture, as well as changes in temperature or other external factors, allows researchers to investigate and identify chemical processes and interactions that cannot be directly obtained from the spectra. Compared to one-dimensional spectra, 2D-COS offers significant analytical information for complex mixtures, particularly in identifying components and determining composition. Additionally, 2D-COS can be used to monitor changes in a sample over time, making it a valuable tool for studying dynamically changing systems. Overall, 2D-COS is a highly versatile approach that can be used in conjunction with a large number of methods for most analytical tasks and complex objects, including those without sample preparation. The review presents advancements in the application of 2D-COS as of early September 2023.
Assessment of microplastic content in natural waters and sediments: sampling and sample preparation
Authors: Ermolin M. S.
Published: December 2024

Aquatic ecosystems are the primary reservoir for microplastics entering the environment. Assessing the content of microplastics in natural waters and sediments is a critical task necessary for evaluating the pollution levels of water bodies, identifying sources of pollution, and assessing potential risks to aquatic life. To date, there is no universal analytical approach for extracting microplastics from natural waters and sediments for subsequent identification. This review summarizes information on methods of microplastic sampling from natural waters and sediments and methods of sample preparation, including techniques for separating particles by size and density, as well as methods based on the chemical decomposition of samples to remove natural organic matter. Additionally, the classification of microplastics, as well as general information about the content of microplastics in aquatic ecosystems and their potential toxicity, are described.