bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A shape and texture features fusion to retrieve similar Trademark Image Material
Authors: Tripathi R K , Agrawal S C
Published: May 2021

Trademark images or materials such as symbols, text, logos, image, design or phrase are used to unique representation of any organization. Retrieval of trademark material images are important to protect the new trademark image that is to be registered. Therefore, retrieval of similar trademark images is required. In this paper, an approach is presented to extract more similar trademark images so that a unique trademark image can be registered. In this paper, Zernike moment of the query image and dataset images are computed, then most similar images from the dataset are retrieved at the first layer refinement. In the second layer, texture features are extracted of query image and refined dataset images to retrieve most appropriate similar images. Zernike moments is applied to extract global shape features and Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) and Speeded-Up Robust Feature (SURF) are applied to extract texture features on the basis of a few key-points of the trademark images. A weighted average of both the key-points feature vectors is computed for retrieving the rank1, rank5, rank10, rank15 and rank20 most similar images using Euclidean distance. Experiments have been performed on a proposed dataset to perform the analysis and found that proposed work perform better and improves the accuracy.
EDM Process Parameters Impact on MRR and TWR for Titanium Alloy [Ti6al4v] and their Optimization Using Taguchi and Topsis Method-An experiential Analysis
Authors: Sharma Avdhesh Kumar
Published: May 2021

To pick ideal or close to ideal cutting conditions in different sorts of metal cutting strategy overhaul issues, it joins the utilization of at any rate one of the current appearing and streamlining methods, making the structure a bound together and persuading mean. The Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) is perhaps the most striking and most saw non-customary machining measure used. In this current work a figure is made for ideal game plan of limits from a gathering for most outrageous material removal rate (MRR) and least wear rate (TWR). A lot of investigations reliant on L9 display obtained by Taguchi strategy are performed for four data boundary (peak current, pulse on time, pulse off time and gap voltage), all of them having 3 levels of characteristics. The results of each set of investigation is recorded for evaluating MRR and TWR. The results got for MRR and TWR are analysed using TOPSIS methodology for confirmation of ideal course of action of cycle boundaries of EDM which gives most outrageous MRR and least TWR. Results obtained here show that the model embraced here has a sufficient display for progression.
Investigation of mechanical property of eco-friendly natural filler (ground nut, saw dust and hybrid shell) reinforced epoxy based composite
Authors: Mausam Kuwar , Bhardwaj Anushtha , Pratap singh Ravindra
Published: May 2021

Development and advancement of materiel will open the new research area for the use of different eco-friendly filler reinforced epoxy composites. These composite are environment friendly and also prevent the harmful effect of polymer based composite over human life and environment. This study examines the potentials of ground nut shell, sawdust and hybrid bio filler as reinforcement in epoxy matrix. Initially, an experiment was carried out on the mechanical characteristics of the natural fillers indifferent proportions of its volumes such as 10, 20 and 30, in both treated and untreated cases. 20%-volume fraction show the most optimum result. Besides, an analysis using Maleic acid has also been made on the filler surface modification. In comparison with other cases of treatment, the treatment using Maleic acid is more effective in enhancing the flexural, tensile and impact properties of the composite. The synergetic impact in the treatment is an important cause for the improvement of the properties. The effect also strengthens adhesion and stress transfer along with reinforcement. SEM is used for filler material evaluation process.
Experimental study of Exhaust Emissions from Diesel Engines using Gas Analyser and Smoke Meter with Activated Carbon Filter
Authors: Khatun S , Mirza Y A , Choh A J W , Singh R , Kumar S
Published: May 2021

The adsorption technique has proven a better solution to reduce emission in diesel engines. Activated carbon is taken as an adsorbent for the study to investigate the engine behaviour on its performance and emissions. The experimental setup along with testing of the emission for gas analysers as well as for smoke meters was performed. In this paper, the emissions from diesel engines are reviewed. To reduce the emissions from an automobile, experimental methods of adsorption using activated charcoal in diesel engines is set up. Activated carbon is one of the best adsorption materials due to its high porosity and capture capacity, when reacted with other reagents in order of activation. The measurement of emissions from the diesel engine is obtained using gas analyser and smoke meter, both before and after the installation of filter. After successive results obtained by using these devices, the performances of the devices and efficiencies of the filter used is compared. In this experiment, we can see that the filter (activated carbon) has efficiently reduces the value of HSU by 43.73% and K value by 48.94%. Hence, the overall efficiency of activated carbon used is about 46%.
Improvement in Energy Efficiency & Heat Loss Minimization during Boiler Operation: A Case Study
Authors: Dwivedi Vijay Kumar , Gupta Sanjeev Kumar , Verma Harshita , Yadav Neha , Yadav Harsh
Published: May 2021

A case-study has been done to analyze the 500 MW boiler performance located in middle part of India, manufactured by M/s BHEL (C.E. design). At the power plant consideration, it was observed that they were operating the boiler with high excess air and the soot blowers were being operated once in 10 days. In this paper, an attempt has been made to increase the efficiency of the boiler by making certain changes such as reduction in excess air and increasing the frequency of using soot blowers. It was concluded that the efficiency of the boiler can be improved by at least 1.41% over the existing efficiency. For the evaluation of boiler efficiency the “heat losses method” was applied. With an increase of efficiency by 1.41%, 30,000 MT of fuel can be saved as compared to annual consumption of 2.38 million tonnes of coal for 500 MW boilers. By this we can secure access to all sources of energy including coal, oil and gas supplies worldwide for boilers, till the end of the fossil fuel era, which is fast approaching and it will ensure us that our country will be able to supply energy to all its citizens at affordable costs at all times.
Numerical investigation of performance analysis of Triangular Solar air heater using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
Authors: Kumar Rahul , Kumar Verma Sujit
Published: May 2021

Computational fluid dynamics based research is performed to investigate the thermal efficiency of triangular solar air heater (TSAH) passage. A systematic analysis of the device output parameters was carried out controlled under all test conditions including solar intensity, mass flow rate and air temperature at the inlet section. The glazing side of the triangular section is subjected to the solar intensity 746 W/m2. The three-dimensional TSAH model is developed and simulated using the FVM method with CFD code. The flow control equations have been solved with commercial ANSYS 14.5 software.A uniform triangular grid is generated according to the configuration using tetrahedron. The k-ε, RNG turbulence model with enhanced wall treatment function is used to solve the energy transport equations for turbulent flow. The optimal values of the geometric parameters are obtained on the basis of the performance index in the Reynolds number range from 2263 to 18103.It is observed the value of thermal efficiency increases with respect to velocity of air. It also increases the absorber and glass plate temperature.
Assessing solid waste as ‘green energy economy’ in Indiausing renewable energy technologies for sustainable development
Authors: Kumar Ajay , Kumar Verma Sujit
Published: May 2021

During latest time, solid waste production and controlling are main issuesforall worldnations. yet, the conversion technologies are using to createdifferent byproducts like light, heat energy, fertilizer and biogas etc. Energy is animportantmatter for world. Energygain couldshow a factorfor minimization the effect ofurbanWaste onthe atmosphere withmore advantage to provide anenergy source. The waste disposal is morechallenge and highest dependent on liquid fuel has impelled world to continue efforts in forwarding energy formation technologyensuring suitablechanges on one side and energy flexibility on the other side.

In India waste generation rate per person is 0.3 - 0.6 kgs/day, which is estimated to increase at 1.33% annually. As per estimates, about 275000 tons of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) is generated per day and this figure could be twice as much by 2030. Estimation exist a power for producingapprox. 1500 MW energy from the municipal solid waste in India and this potential is likely to increase further with economic development. The power production from the specified MSW-RDF gasifier and systemmaximization for energy production from fuel with increased ability to promote extremely minimizing the costing of energy use.

The opportunity of power production in the effective manner of better and mass composition of solid wastecurrent WTE practices and research trends in India well as world, with anaerobic digestion (AD), gasification, heat-based biofuel combined heat and power (CHP) production, and incineration with the definedapproaching of Indian WTE application.
Performance Investigation of Indicated Parameters of a Diesel Blended Engine
Authors: Kukreja Nitin , Gupta Sanjeev Kumar
Published: May 2021

The significance of the diesel motor for public activity is rising each day. Experience has indicated that the exhibition of interior ignition motor taking a shot at diesel is huge as a camper to some other fuel. The components that are answerable for the smooth working of a motor likewise assume a significant job. This paper investigates the attainability of utilizing four strokes four-chamber diesel motors. The aftereffects of the exhibition of CI Engine by differing the heap are introduced in this paper. The impact of shifting the heap affects execution, outflow, and ignition boundaries. The motor exhibition boundary examined was brake warm productivity, brake explicit fuel utilization, demonstrated force, brake power, volumetric proficiency, energy equilibrium, and wind stream estimation. Results have demonstrated that the brake power increments as the heap’s increments on the four strokes four-chamber motor. The measure of fumes and coolant misfortunes are nearly little at high motor speed and high at low motor speed.
Progresses in Solar Still Technology with Phase Change Material
Authors: Ajit  , Kumar Gupta Naveen
Published: May 2021

The demand of fresh water is continuously increasing due to frequent rainfalls, shortage of ground water and pollution of natural resources via industrialization. Therefore, solar desalination of available saline and brackish water using solar still is gaining importance among the scientific community for domestic, irrigation and drinking purposes owing to be an economical and sustainable approach of producing fresh water with a simple working principle. Currently, continuous efforts have been made to improve the productivity of solar still by various techniques and configurations. A critical review of solar stills with phase change material (PCM) is presented. This paper highlights the impacts of design specifications along with an economic analysis and the type of PCM material used in recent past. Furthermore, a detailed discussion has been provided on future scope with recommendations to improve the productivity of fresh water for sustainability.
Augmentation in Heat transfer and friction factor of SAH duct using artificial coarseness
Authors: Bharadwaj Gaurav
Published: May 2021

The augmentation of heat transfer in case of SAH with smooth collector plate is very low. In this experimental study, an attempt has been made to see the consequences of using artificial coarseness to the underside of the collector plate of SAH. Ribs has been fixed to the collector plate to create roughness at α of 60° and e/D of 0.021 which have been used to provide artificial roughness. The range of RE varies from 4000 to 27000 and p/e from 8 to 16. Nu and f have been evaluated for various roughness parameters. It has also been compared to the polished collector plate for the augmentation in heat transfer and f.
Studies on utilization of different preheated straight vegetables oil in a CI engine
Authors: Gupta Anurag , Ratnakar Kumar , Rao D. Ganeshwar , Kumar Sharma Ajay
Published: May 2021

Renewable energy befits as an attractive and sustainable solution to compensate for the imbalance in the supply and demand of fossil fuels. Continuous depletion of fossil fuels, price variations and detrimental effect of greenhouse gas emissions are the burning issues in the current scenario. Non-edible vegetable oil can be considered as a comparable alternative to replace conventional diesel fuel. There are some operational issues with straight vegetable oils (SVOs) such as their less calorific value, higher density and higher viscosity etc. which may be dealt with by adopting an appropriate treatment before combustion. Present study has been undertaken on the use of non-edible oils available in the vicinity of the Institute Research Lab. Oils derived from the seeds of Jatropha and Mahua have been preheated to reduce their high viscosity, surface tension and density for meeting the fuel requirements and to use on engines. Experimental and comparative study about the emission and performance parameters has been carried out on a 3.5 KW diesel engine fuelled with preheated straight vegetable oils and diesel fuel. It has been found that at full load the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) of preheated straight vegetable oil is lower by about 8–10% as compared to diesel. Brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) has been found comparable to diesel with a variation of approximately 2-5%. Emission components hydrocarbon and carbon mono oxide have been found to be reduced significantly in case of preheated oils. The results support the use of non-edible straight vegetable oils directly on the engine in preheated form without converting them into biodiesel by transesterification process. This research motivates the rural areas of developing countries to become self-reliant in energy production as most of these areas are enriched with huge amount of vegetation which can be used to produce edible and non-edible vegetable oil.
Feasibility Study on Solid Waste to Useful Energy
Authors: Gupta Anurag , Ratnakar Kumar , Rao D.Ganeshwar , Ajay Kumar Sharma
Published: May 2021

Solid waste management becomes a major challenge in a country with increasing population and simultaneously striving for economic development. Many studies indicate that solid waste generation rate is influenced to a large extent by the level of industrialisation, habits of public and climatic conditions. Presently world’s more than 50% population resides in urban areas. The outmoded methods used there for solid waste management are neither efficient nor environment friendly. Solid waste may become a precious resource by adapting an appropriate waste management method and the rightly controlling the resulting environmental pollution. It may be converted into an effective fuel to act as the urban sustainable energy of tomorrow. Harnessing the useful energy from the solid waste effectively ultimately would contribute in improving the country’s economy. The fast depleting fossil fuels and their ever-increasing demand further reinforce the importance of energy from alternate sources and if this alternate source is solid waste, it will be like striking two birds with an arrow. The present study focuses on the sustainable treatment of solid waste disposal and explores several methods to harness energy from it. The authors have carried out this study in a University Campus.
A Comparative Study of UWB Micro-strip Antenna for Wireless Communication and RF Energy Harvesting
Authors: Agrawal Neetu
Published: May 2021

Ultra Wide Band (UWB) is first-class famous technology in recent wireless communication since it affords excessive data rates and excellent high-quality offerings. FCC (Federal Communications Commission) opens a 7.5 GHz spectrum (extending 3.1 GHz - 10.6 GHz) in 2002 for wireless ultra-wide band system [1]. With high data rates of wireless communication technology, UWB is increasingly advancing and the micro-strip antenna is also being developed with bandwidths of 1 to 5%. However, within the ultimate decade, UWB has additionally been proposed as a RF energy harvester. The strategies which enhance bandwidth are one of the popular research areas in patch antenna’s field. The bandwidth is generally described as just a percent of the width of the desired frequency range and the resonant antenna frequencies. Other constraint like return loss, efficient radiation and VSWR (voltage standing wave ratio) are also accustomed to describe the bandwidth of a micro-strip antenna. Several things need to be considered into account in choosing an ideal aerial for Ultra-Wide Band including physical structure, performance and frequency band, and radiation quality and emission pattern.The major issue in UWB antenna system is to achieve only the wide bandwidth with high levels of radiation efficiency and compact size. So several method have been extensively investigated for the wide bandwidth of patch antenna and to optimize the qualities of array antenna, as described in various published articles in this survey paper.
A Review on Augmentation in Thermal Performance of Solar Air Heater
Authors: Gupta Naveen Kumar , Karmveer  , Alam Tabish
Published: May 2021

Low thermal efficiency is the remarkable drawback of solar air heaters. They have remarkable importance for low temperature applications. In a solar air heater due to formation of laminar sublayer between absorber plate and the flowing air convection coefficient of heat transfer is small. The laminar sublayer form on the absorber plate can be braked by applying the rib roughness of distinct shape and sizes due to which turbulence in the flowing air increases tremendously due to which friction factor increases between absorber plate and flowing air, resulting in increment in the convection coefficient of heat transfer and pressure drop. Design considerations of solar air heater, rib roughness geometries, fluid flow conditions and their effect on the turbulence, absorber plate temperature, convection coefficient of heat transfer and other thermo-hydraulic augmentation parameters have been minutely discussed. In this review, ongoing research and development on thermo-physical properties of solar air heater and effect of distinct roughness’s over absorber plate on heat transfer augmentation is summarized and to provide viewpoint for future research and development.
Rheological Analysis on Kusum Oil for Sustainable Bolubricant in Electric Vehicle Application
Authors: Kotia Ankit , Khan Ahamad Javvad , Rahath ASM , Kumar Sandesh , Rana Piyush , Chowdary Krishna , Galgat Sagar
Published: May 2021

Due to the depletion of fossil fuels the prices are increasing sky high and also the pollutants produced from fossil fuels are becoming challenging day by day. Researchers presently focused on bio fuels and bio lubricants to reduce dependence of on fossil. The present study analyzes rheological properties of Kusumoiltoprovideanalternativelubricantforelectricvehicle.Theoilsamples are tested inplainand with MWCNT and Cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles. Itwas observed MWCNT and CeO2 made 12% and 10% improvement in viscosity at lower shear rate respectively, however no significant change was observed at higher shear rate. The dispersionofnanoparticles provides reduction inshearthinningbehaviorand hence improvingthelubricationproperties.
Scope for improving the efficiency and environmental impact of internal combustion engines using engine downsizing approach: A comprehensive case study
Authors: Balaji M , Sarfas Mohammed , Vishaal G S Balaji , Madhusudhan G V , Gupta Sikandar , Kanchan Sumit
Published: May 2021

Downsizing, decrease of engine size, shows up as a significant method of enhancing fuel utilization of engines while keeping up bit of leeway of low emisions these days in market. The downsizing methodology with turbocharged applications is presently to an ever-increasing extent situated towards fuel economy, because of specific arrangements. The utilization of gasoline direct injection combined with turbochargers gives a few methods of improving aversion to knock particularly at heavy load and lower engine speeds where current PFI motors with forced induction are as yet restricted. In this study we are discussing about the performance, test conditions and emissions with respect to standard naturally aspirated engines. We have also compared various methodologies used for downsizing rather than turbocharging and how they help in overcoming the issues with turbocharging like low boost and turbo lag. Reducing the weight of moving parts like piston and crankshaft, thus reducing the overall weight of engine which increases its efficiency, by 3D printing methods is also studied. Shortcomings and conclusions drawn from the use of various Alternate Fuels and comparisons of various methodologies like Exhaust Gas Recirculation, Water Injection, coupling of a small compressor etc. are recorded and discussed.
Comparative investigation of electronic fuel injection in two-wheeler applications: A Review
Authors: Reddy K Venkata Mohan Krishna , Reddy B Manideep , Reddy K Chandra Sekhar , Kartheek P , Adarsh T Sai
Published: May 2021

This paper depicts about electronic fuel injection system for two-wheeler applications which have emerged in recent years and are commercially available. Electronic fuel injection system utilizes both electronic and electrical devices to observe and control engine process. An EFI system is a replacement for carburetor which mixes the air-fuel. EFI injects the fuel directly into an engine’s manifold or in a cylinder with the electronic controls. The types of EFI are: Throttle body injection system in which an injector (throttle-body injector) delivers fuel into the center point inside an intake manifold of the engine, Multipoint injection (also known as PFI (port fuel injection)), injects the fuel into the entry ports at upstream of every chamber’s entry valve, instead of a main issue inside an admission. Direct fuel injection system in which it delivers fuel directly into a single combustion chamber formed in the cylinder space. An electronic fuel injection system provides an opportunity to mix the air-fuel ratio for every cylinder in an accurate manner and simultaneously by controlling the air mass flow rate, by injecting the suitable fuel mixtures, fuel delivery is being controlled from each cylinder. Furthermore, the ignition and injection timings are optimized as well.
A case study on the applications of productivity indices with resources frugality
Authors: Kumar Sunil , Sharma Deepak
Published: May 2021

The basic attributes of any industry or a firm are productivity, quality of products, as well as the cost and flexibility of manufacturing systems. Productivity out of all is the most imperative attribute and hence becomes centre of study in the field of Industrial engineering, for the researchers all around the world . This paper presented a study in this same regard through a case study carried out in XYZ Industry. Considered industry comprises many shops like Machine shop, Maintenance shop, Assembly shop and Fabrication shop. Out of these, Maintenance shop and Assembly shop are taken into account for the productivity improvement exercise. Fragile productivity points were identified by analysing the processes that were going on floor area of shops under consideration and hence those processes were exchanged with new ones, exchanged processes implemented practically on floor area and results were obtained . Obtained results are shown in this paper as savings, from which it can be concluded that desired objective of productivity improvements have been achieved. So study presented in this paper gives encouraging consequences by improving the productivity of concerned manufacturing industry.
Applications of Just in Time in Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Agrawal Manoj Kumar
Published: May 2021

The purpose of assembling organization in current scenario is to provide best quality of output at minimum cost at the correct time. Just in Time (JIT) has been accepted now a day’s worldwide as it has many advantages like more throughput time, higher efficiency and best quality. The objective of this paper is to discuss the key issues and all important principles for understanding the framework of JIT implementation. This paper also shows the techniques and pay off of JIT implementation in manufacturing industry. A structured questionnaire survey is used for JIT fabrication methodology. The thoughts introduced within this paper used JIT fabricating in their associations.
A Review on fusion in Multimodal Biometric Spoofing Attack by Different Materials
Authors: Agarwal Rohit
Published: May 2021

Biometric gadgets utilize their physiological or behavioural properties for the confirmation and acknowledgment of people. Spoofing attack can be done by using any spoofing materials. Such features can be arranged into unimodal and multimodal frameworks. Some state-of-the-methods have some drawbacks, which reduce the efficiency of the system. Multimodal biometric detecting frameworks utilize at least two behavioural or physiological attributes. The multimodal system has showed to increase the success rate of identification and authentication meaningfully. Data from different modalities are acquired, pre-handled, removed noise, and contrasted and finally converted into features. At last, selection of features acknowledges the identification of a person. In multimodal biometric identification system, biometric features can club at any of the stages. i.e. sensor level, feature level, score level, rank level, and decision level. This paper presents an effective survey on fusion of features at different level in a multimodal biometric system. It also focuses in the field with a better thoughtful of multimodal biometric sensing and handling systems and research inclinations in this field.
Optimization of Machining Parameters for Turning of Aluminium Alloy-2011 using Taguchi Method
Authors: Singh Pankaj Kumar
Published: May 2021

Aluminium composites are among the most normally used lightweight metallic materials as they offer different various fascinating mechanical and warm properties. They are reasonably easy to shape metals, especially in material ejection structures, for instance, machining. Aluminium composites have physical properties for good machinability, as far as (cutting apparatus life-more prominent efficiency - low explicit cutting powers.) they have high solidarity to weight proportion. Subsequently, the aluminium composite 2011 is utilized in assembling of Appliance parts and automotive trim, Fasteners and fittings cylinders and funnels. Machining activity on Al alloy 2011 are performed and cutting parameters for example feed rate, depth of cut and shaft speed have been improved for metal removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness by utilizing Taguchi method. CNC lathe machine is utilized for turning activity so as to decide metal removal rate (MRR). The primary target of the present research is to explore the impact of procedure parameters on the presentation of by and large machining procedure and on surface unpleasantness in turning activity utilizing CNC machining of Aluminium composite [Al compound 2011].
Estimation of the thrust coefficient of a Quadcopter Propeller using Computational Fluid Dynamics
Authors: Ahmad Faraz , Kumar Pushpendra , Dobriyal Ritvik , Patil Pravin P.
Published: May 2021

A Quadcopter is a mechatronics device with complex dynamics, because six degree of motion is control by four thrust forces. These thrust force are generated by propellers rotation, driven by DC motors. The main objective of present study is to perform the flow analysis on a Quadcopter propeller, to find out the propeller thrust coefficient (Kt). The flow analysis of Quadcopter propeller is essential as it opposes the gravitational and aerodynamic forces due to the drag and weight mounted on it. So, a 3D CAD model of Quadcopter propeller was designed in Catia and imported to Ansys fluid flow (fluent) module for fluid flow simulation. The flow over propeller was simulated under different angular speed with k-epsilon turbulence model. The obtained results conclude that the designed propeller can generate the required amount of thrust force to lift additional payloads. Furthermore the generated thrust force at different angular speed was used to find out the thrust coefficient. This thrust coefficient will used in developing the mathematical dynamic model of Quadcopter UAV.
Influences of Powder mixed Dielectric Fluid on Machining Characteristics of EDM processed parts: A review
Authors: Singh Bharat
Published: May 2021

The effective application of any machining process relies on its ability to machine the part/material with high efficiency and with better surface finish. Electrical discharge machining is considered as a non-conventional method of machining which is well established and is used for the manufacture of parts which have geometrically complex shapes and intricate profiles. This machining technique came out for the process of making dies and mere tools for the other manufacturing process. From several years various researches are going on to ameliorate the process parameters which consists of characteristics such as surface roughness (SR), Material Removal Rate (MRR) and tool wear rate (TWR) etc. One of the process that came up with the advancement in capabilities of the EDM process is Powder Mixed Electrical Discharge Machining (PMEDM). The presence of fine metal particles in the dielectric fluid enhance its properties. It includes the increase in the spark gap between the tool electrode and the work and also the reduction in the insulating strength. This increases the surface finish and material removal rate and the process becomes more stable. The present paper brings in the review of research done by several authors across the world to enhance the capabilities of EDM by adding powder mixed dielectric as working fluid. The behaviour of several powders when mixed with the dielectric fluid (working fluid) have been studied and observed by many researchers.
Effect of Magnus Force on Flow over Cylinder and Heat Transfer Investigation: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Approach
Authors: Goyal Shubham , Gupta Sanjeev Kumar , Kukreja Nitin , Verma Harshita , Yadav Neha , Yadav Harsh
Published: May 2021

This computational study deals with the forced convection through horizontal cylinder which is performed in the CFD Lab, Department, Mechanical Engineering, GLA University, Mathura. The convective heat transfer coefficient is measured for two different cases stationary cylinder and rotating cylinder. The computational analysis was performed by using commercial CFD package ANSYS-Fluent. This analysis is done because we can’t get the pressure and velocity values in the full domain by using the governing equations. The contours of pressure, velocity and temperature are determined to capture the behaviour of flow throughout the region. Computationally determined values of local heat transfer coefficient are compared with the theoretical values obtained by using governing equations. The effect of the Magnus force is measured on the computational value in such way whether there is any increment in heat transfer coefficient or not. The nondimensional numbers as Nusselt number (Nu), Reynolds number (Re) and Prandtl number (Pr) are used to find the results of heat transfer. It is found that heat transfer is more efficient in case of rotating cylinder in comparison with stationary cylinder. The computationally determined results are found in well agreement with the analytical result.
Exhaust system of commercial vehicle: a review
Authors: Yadav Pawankumar , Kothmire Pramod
Published: May 2021

In Automobiles like Truck, Bus, Car, and other commercial vehicles, various exhaust emission norms like Euro IV and Euro VI are considered for a non-polluted environment. This paper focuses on increasing engine and vehicle performance of commercial vehicle by reducing back-pressure and noise due to after treatment systems, considering exhaust emission norms. Back-pressure in exhaust systems is calculated with advanced Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technologies like ANSYS Fluent, GT Power. Backpressure in the exhaust pipe is reduced by varying length, diameter, number of bends, exhaust mass flow rate and bending angle of exhaust pipe. Narrow band noise in vehicles is predicted by Large Eddy Simulation (LES). Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) converts harmful NOx to harmless N2. SCR non-linearities are calculated by CFD code CONVERGE and TRIZ method. SCR urea deposit is minimized by proper nozzle position of urea spray. Diesel and gasoline particulate filter is used to filter particulate matter in diesel and gasoline engine respectively. This research focuses on the optimization of commercial vehicle exhaust systems.
Optimization of Heat Transfer Coefficient through Micro channel using CFD
Authors: Kukreja Nitin , Gupta Sanjeev Kumar
Published: May 2021

This paper provides a computational examination of the 3D (three-dimensional) heat flow and heat transfer moving in a rectangular smaller scale channel and utilizing water as a cooling liquid. The miniaturized scale channel utilized is having a width of 57 μm, profundity of 180 μm and length of 10000 μm. The work is engaged to build the heat transfer rate in a smaller scale channel utilizing expanded surfaces called blades and the examination is done at various Reynolds number. Computationally work is approved through the expectation and correlation with the current work. The augmented estimation of Reynolds number shows the decrement in the heat transfer. The examination of coefficient of heat transfer has been completed over the miniaturized scale channels, which demonstrate the surmised variety of temperature along the course of stream. Exact presumptions introduced in the balance technique give a brief look at genuine circumstance and the whole work is anticipating another thought of blade on the channel to build the heat transfer rate. In addition, other blade structures examination over the channel demonstrated the variety of heat transfer and the last work is engaged to discover the best effective approach to expand the heat transfer rate.
Simulation and Analysis of P-P-N 10T SRAM cell for IoT based devices
Authors: Bansal Saloni , Tomar V.K
Published: May 2021

Ultra low power integrated circuits got the major attention due to its lower power dissipation in the era of Internet of Things (IoT) based smarter devices. In this context, a P-P-N based 10T SRAM cell has been designed and simulated on cadence virtuoso tool with GPDK 45nm technology node at supply voltage ranges from 0.6V to 1V. The various parameters such as static noise margin, read/write power, read/write delay of the 10T SRAM cell are determined out and compared with other considered topologies. It is interesting to notice that 10T SRAM cell shows commendable improvement in read static noise margin (RSNM) i.e. 36% and 46% as compared to conventional 6T and differential 8T SRAM cells respectively. The 10T SRAM cell also has reduction in read power of 38.52% and 38% as compared to conventional 6T and differential 8T SRAM cells respectively. The read delay of P-P-N based 10T SRAM cell is improved by 40% with compared to conventional 6T SRAM cell.
A Survey on Image Encoders and Language Models for Image Captioning
Authors: Sharma Himanshu
Published: May 2021

Generating a natural language explanation for a given image is known as image captioning. An image captioning method aims to determine the significant objects present in an image together with the relationship between these objects. Also, the model has the capability to describe an image by a syntactically and semantically correct sentence. For image encoding, convolutional neural network {CNN] is applied and for producing natural language descriptions for a given image, language models (RNN & LSTM etc.) are employed. In this paper, the image encoders and language models used by the state-of-the-art image captioning models is discussed.
Design and simulation of a Mine Proof Mechanism
Authors: Chaubey V K , Rawat M K
Published: May 2021

The issue of security is very paramount in every organization. The traditional mine proof vehicles with a solid plate hull provide protection against very small IED (improvised explosive devices) & MINES. This led to lives being lost more due to physical injuries by shock produced and a large change in momentum in very small time, that made organs over pressured and fatality. The present analysis deals with the application of a mechanism filled with Nitrogen gas to provide the cushioning effect of damper and using that pressure and Kinetic energy of gases to be utilized in acting against the mechanism forcing the compressed gases to break the safety valve and move into a reserve container which has various attachments and the pipes of steel take that heavily pressurized air into the compartment. The compartment having an inserted airbag type structure will be filled with air and it will make the compartment a big air stuffed structure to damp shockwaves. The designing and the strength analysis of the structure is done with the help of CATIA & ANSYS. The result was not very different except we achieved a reduced chance of physical and secondary deaths. The flat hull was then replaced by a V shaped hull which shown a reduction in 66% of pressure concentration on the vehicle hull. By using the combination of damping container system and a V monocoque hull the blast force was mainly diverted and the overall casualties can be reduced.
Artificial intelligence based Parameter Optimization Technique for selection of Optimal Real-Time Scheduling Algorithm
Authors: Kumar Ajitesh , Kumari Mona
Published: May 2021

In Modern days, real time system plays an important role in our modern and digital society. The success of any real time application is totally depending upon the selection of optimal scheduling algorithm. In real time application every task should have the nature of deadlines and time when they arrived, on the basis of these parameters we observe the response time of different scheduling algorithm then we select the optimal algorithm for a particular application. So in this paper our aim is to reduce the complexity of real time system researcher for selection of scheduling algorithm for a particular application. This artificial intelligence based approach is an extent the state of any real time system in the area of scheduling. This approach works in any uni-processor system. Introduction
Rating of Various Indian Airlines on various parameters using Twitter Data
Authors: Garg Hitendra
Published: May 2021

In today’s world, e-commerce markets runs on the sentiments of the customers as they provides real feedback of the products or services. In such scenario, the companies tries to collect data from different social media platform like instagram, Facebook, twitter, and other sites where customers places their reviews and feedback about their experience on various parameters. These organizations analyze these data as per their requirements for market analysis, recommendation systems, feedback of the product/service, sentimental analysis etc. In this proposed work, feedback/reviews of various Indian airlines like Air-India, Indigo, Go-Air, Jet airways, Spice-Jet.is collected from twitter to rate the airlines services on various parameters like food quality, staff, delay in time, turbulence, aircraft condition and value for money parameters.
Simulating and Analysing delay in Indian Railways
Authors: Pradhan Rahul , Kumar Ashutosh , Kumar Mayank , Sharma Bhakti
Published: May 2021

Delay is one of the serious issue all over the world in railways, however it becomes more important to country like India having the top four biggest railway network all over the world and where the majority of the population depends on railways for making their journey’s in different parts of our country. Categorically most of the train in Indian railway not able to run on its schedule time which in turn affects the passenger to reach their destination timely. So we have make a small step in order to learn and analyze these problems and its factor we have used a real world dataset from internet and perform simulation on the data using regression to predict the total delay take place while planning a particular journey from a provided date by a passenger and our approach accuracy is promising.
An Analytical Study of Aadhar based Information System via Big Data’s MapReduce Framework
Authors: Shankhdhar Ashutosh , Singh Akhilesh Kumar
Published: May 2021

Aadhaar is a 12-digit identification number provided to every Indian individual which also includes children and infants. This is used to identify every Indian individual uniquely. This is issued by UIDAI (The unique Identification Authority of India) for free of cost. This unique identification number carries many wonderful advantages. Firstly, it provides a unique identity to every individual whom everybody can trust, no matter in which state they are, in whole country. This unique number can be used to avail different schemes like Pradhan mantri ujjwala yojna and gas subsidy, to open bank accounts and for other government transactions or benefits. This paper shows the use of Aadhaar data set to answer several queries which can be very useful for the government or the concerned authority in various scenarios. Since the Aadhaar data set of all citizens of Indian is a huge data set, big data with its different methods such as Map and Reduce algorithm is very useful in fetching the required query’s answer in a more efficient and faster way.
Modeling of Acoustic emotion recognition using Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
Authors: Rathor Sandeep , Khandelwal Diksha , Nigam Himanshu , Tomar Sahil
Published: May 2021

The emotion is a kind of language that can be understand by speech. If a machine can understand the emotions by its intelligence, then it refers as artificial intelligent. Therefore, in this paper we proposed an artificial intelligence technique for recognizing acoustic emotions. In this paper, the modeling of acoustic emotion is done by the fusion of classifiers such as MLP, SVM, KNN, Random forest and voting classifier. The voting can be ‘Soft’ and ‘Hard’. In hard voting the output is proportional to the highly voted or favorable class where as in soft voting the output is proportional to average voting. The best combination that we found with the fusion of MLP, SVM, Random Forest classifiers. The voting in this case was soft voting with the accuracy of 88.09%. It is higher than any of the single classifier. The proposed model is executed on the standard datasets i.e. Ravdess dataset.
Application of Monte-Carlo Simulations in Estimation of Pi
Authors: Sharma Rajkumar , Singhal Piyush , Agrawal Manoj Kumar
Published: May 2021

The term Pi can be defined as the share of the boundary of any circle to the diameter of that circle. Despite the circle’s dimension, this ratio is the same for all circles. Sometimes it is approximated as 22/7. In decimal form, the value of Pi is approximately 3.14. These approximations result in an error during precise calculations because actually, it is an irrational number. Its decimal representation is non-repeating & non-terminating. In this paper, an effort has been made to estimate the value of Pi using Monte Carlo Simulations.
Implementation of UART Design for RF Modules Using Different FPGA Technologies
Authors: Kumar Vivek , Rastogi Aksh , Tomar V.K.
Published: May 2021

This paper is focused on the designing of UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter) for RF based modules, which is a type of serial communication protocol, mainly used for short-distance, low speed and low-cost data transmission between two embedded systems or computer peripherals. These days RF-Microcontroller modules widely uses UART protocol for the interface with other hardware. A reduced FSM (Finite State Machine) UART design has been implemented on different FPGAs. The maximum achievable speed and their corresponding power consumption are calculated using these FPGAs. The proposed design is implemented using Verilog HDL and for simulation purpose, Xilinx ISE 12.1, 14.7, Xilinx Vivado 2018 and Intel Quartus Prime 19.1 are used. The smallest value of maximum power consumption i.e. 20.67mW at 105.47MHz frequency with 180nm technology node is achieved by Intel Max V among all the Intel and Xilinx devices. Furthermore, the maximum achievable frequency i. e. 769.48 Hz has been found in Virtex 4 FPGA device. Xilinx Virtex UltraScale+ devices occupy the minimum area which provides 16-nm FinFET Technology node.
Diabetes Prediction using Machine learning and Data Mining Methods
Authors: Ram Anant , Vishwakarma Honey
Published: May 2021

Diabetes mellitus, commonly known as diabetes, is a metabolic disease. It is an extremely regular disease to the humankind from young to oldster. A persistent disease appears when blood glucose level is too high. Hence, to reduce the increasing rate of diabetes, diagnosing diabetes is very important. Data Analytics is a methodical procedure of examining and recognizing the concealed pattern from huge measure of information to reach conclusions. In medical science, this methodical procedure is implemented by using different machine learning algorithms to analyze the medical data like K-Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Classifier, Logistic Regression, Gaussian Naive Bayes, and Random Forest. The objective of this research is to utilize significant features rather than using all the features. Therefore, we performed the data cleaning along with the potential feature selection and then used the Logistic Regression. Proposed approach outperform with some existing approaches that are using the machine learning algorithms.
Thermal and Structural Analysis of Disk Brake using Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Pachauri Saurabh , Gupta Naveen Kr. , Singh Nagendra
Published: May 2021

The present paper discusses and examine a comparative study of the materials of the carbon ceramic matrix and the gray cast iron disk. This disk brake research is used to develop the braking mechanism of passenger cars. The Ansys package used to determine the distribution of temperature, induced heat flux, equivalent stress and deformation due to heat through the disk brake. To analyze the temperature distribution across the disk using axis-symmetric components, steady state thermal analysis was performed. Further structural analysis is often performed through thermal coupling analysis. Competitive analysis of disk brake material that yields less deformation and equal stress (von mises stress) at low temperature around the disk is feasible. For better validity, both outcomes are compared. Therefore, both findings provide a better understanding of the thermal characteristics of the disk brake rotor and enable the automotive industry to create an optimal and reliable disk brake rotor.