bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
German Political Foundations in Central Asia: Promoting Democracy through Civil Society
Authors: Pierobon Chiara
Published: January 2025

The paper offers a critical analysis on the role of German political foundations as actors in democracy assistance and is aimed at detecting similarities and divergences in their operation with the civil society of the region. To this end, the article investigates the concrete programs implemented by two major German foundations – the Friedrich Ebert Foundation (FES) and the Konrad Adenauer Foundation (KAS) - in Central Asia, with emphasis on the specific case study of Kyrgyzstan.
Study on Nutritional Composition of Fungus Ganoderma Lucidum
Authors: Pascale Carolina , Sirbu Rodica , Cadar Emin
Published: January 2025

Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) (also known as Reishi or LingZhi) is a medicinal mushroom known since ancient times and widely used in Traditional Asian Medicine. Even in modern times, it is recommended as a functional food and alternative treatment for various diseases of the body. Compounds with biological activity are numerous, but there are three classes of compounds that have been intensively studied and their therapeutic activity has been proven by both in vitro and in vivo tests. Polysaccharides, terpenes and phenolic compounds are the most abundant biocompounds. They mainly exhibit antioxidant, antitumour, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, cardioprotective, hapatoprotective activities and are involved in metabolic regulatory processes. In the present study, we aimed to determine the nutritional values in the alcoholic extract of the fruiting body of the mushroom G. lucidum, purchased from a mushroom farm. The total content of polysaccharides and polyphenols was determined spectrophotometrically. The antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH and FRAP methods. The results obtained correlate with the reference studies and we conclude that the analysed mushroom, G. lucidum, is a mushroom with nutritional and therapeutic potential for the human organism.
Impact of Early Maladaptive Schemas on Motivational and Cognitive Components of Relationships
Authors: Kopaleishvili M. Davood , Teona Lodia
Published: January 2025

Early maladaptive schemas are cognitive structures formed in childhood, shaped by dysfunctional experiences that can lead to various behaviors often associated with mental disorders. This study investigates the role of maladaptive schemas in relational dynamics, focusing on cognitive and motivational structures. Key variables include: Self-determination: Assessed through autonomy and self-efficacy in relationships, categorized into autonomous, controlled, and impersonal dimensions; Normative beliefs about aggression: Evaluating maladaptive coping mechanisms, including both direct and indirect aggression. Trauma is acknowledged as a relevant factor in this model. Participants included adolescents and emerging adults (N = 214), aged 15 to 25, with nearly equal representation of male and female participants. Results indicate that higher levels of autonomous self-determination are associated with reduced normative beliefs regarding aggression. Overall, maladaptive schemas correlate with all forms of self-determination; specifically, disconnection/rejection and impaired autonomy schemas predict impersonal causality orientation, while impaired limits and overvigilance predict controlled self-determination. Using qualitative analysis alongside self-reported questionnaires, we explore the links between maladaptive schemas and individuals’ attempts to construct a narrative identity that provides meaning to their lived experiences. Findings suggest that for individuals with maladaptive schemas, narrative identity construction differs significantly.
Applying ABCDE and Assessment for Personal and Social Learning to Studying the Classics to Equip Students with the European Qualification Framework Competences Incrementally for Recovery from Covid 19
Authors: Taysum Alison , Canfarotta Daniela , Ruşitoru Mihaela-Viorica , Muñoz Raquel Casado- , Kallioniemi Arto
Published: January 2025

The professional challenge of this paper is education systems do not have a road map to achieve the Target 4.7 of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) to ensure that all learners acquire the knowledge and skills needed to promote a culture of peace. The Covid 19 is causing fear about economic stability and individuals experience conflict physically, mentally emotionally, and spiritually. It is very important that policy makers support education systems, teacher training and teacher leadership empirical models to foster self-knowledge for good decision making. This will prepare citizens to optimise alignment of commercial interests with sustainable interests with a labour market replete of citizens with Competency Levels of the European Qualification Framework gained through life long learning situated in rich diverse cultural heritages. We apply A Blueprint for Character Development for Evolution with Assessment for Personal and Social Learning to the Classics curriculum and reveal applying ABCDE in five steps maps to the incremental Competences Levels 1 – 5 respectively of the European Qualifications Framework. Step A asks questions to establish what the problem is. Step B asks what solutions have or have not worked before. Step C asks how the problem is understood in context. Step D provides empirical, logical, ethical and innovative solutions to the problems emerging from the data. Step E establishes principles to inform good decision making that can be readily transferred to other domains. ABCDE with APSL applied to classics curriculums provides a road map to empowering young societal innovators for equity and renewal.
Navigating the Shadows: The Social Impacts of Parental Incarceration on Children and Policy Recommendations for Global Change
Authors: Stella Michael-Makri
Published: January 2025

Parental incarceration affects millions of children worldwide, imposing severe emotional, social, and psychological challenges that are often unaddressed by current systems. This article examines how parental incarceration contributes to stigma, social isolation, disrupted family dynamics, and systemic inequality. Utilizing frameworks such as Labeling Theory and Attachment Theory, it analyzes the compounded impact on children, with specific attention to gender and cultural differences. For example, children in punitive systems like those in the United States face heightened stigma and reduced family connections, whereas rehabilitative models in Norway and Sweden demonstrate better outcomes by emphasizing family ties and social support. Gender-specific responses and the unique struggles of marginalized groups are explored, underscoring the need for trauma-informed, culturally sensitive interventions. The article advocates for reforms across justice, education, and social systems to prioritize family-centered policies and community support. Such measures, as evidenced in programs like FamilyWorks in the U.S. and Pillars in New Zealand, can mitigate negative effects, promote resilience, and improve life trajectories for children affected by parental incarceration.
From books to feeds: how social media is rewiring students attention
Authors: Subramanian P. , M Rathish
Published: January 2025

Technology, crucial for industrial and educational development, became essential during the COVID-19 pandemic, ensuring continuous learning. Platforms like YouTube and Google Drive facilitate this by providing easy access to educational videos. Google Drive offers cloud storage and sharing, while YouTube provides streaming, content creation, and monetization options. YouTube's features, such as offline viewing, child safety controls, and notifications, make it a leading educational resource, benefiting both creators and viewers globally. Learning has been revolutionized by digitalization, which has impacted psychological elements including motivation, memory, and attention. Age, experience, and passion all influence the attention span, which is important for learning. Social media educational films have a big impact on viewers' attention spans, which influences their learning. Teachers can better adapt curriculum for more effective learning by researching these effects. The purpose of the study was to determine how 300 high school students' attention spans are impacted by social media. The study using the Social Media Attention Span Assessment Toolkit (SMASAT) found that social media had no discernible effect on pupils' attention spans, regardless of their gender, age, residence, or father's occupation. These results are sceptical of earlier theories on the connection between social media use and attention span in learning environments.
Effectiveness of IEC on level of knowledge regarding bio-physic and pharmacological management among staff nurses working at intensive care units
Authors: Gracy J.
Published: January 2025

The study employed a quasi-experimental design targeting 50 nurses aged 21–40, divided equally into control and experimental groups using purposive sampling. Self-structured questionnaires assessed knowledge levels. In the pre-test, 60% of the experimental group had moderate knowledge and 40% inadequate, while in the control group, 4% had adequate knowledge, 40% moderate, and 56% inadequate. Post-test results showed significant improvements, particularly in the experimental group, where 68% achieved adequate knowledge, compared to 24% in the control group. Additionally, 32% of the experimental group retained moderate knowledge, against 64% in the control group. The mean post-test knowledge was significantly higher in the experimental group (-10.08) compared to the control group (-3.56), with a T-value of -10.8 (p=0.001). These findings underscore the effectiveness of Information Education Communication (IEC) intervention in improving nurses' knowledge, emphasizing the importance of continuous education in preventing errors and enhancing patient care standards.
A study to assess the effectiveness of information, education, communication (IEC) package on knowledge of postnatal care among mothers
Authors: P Premila. , R Padmavathi.
Published: January 2025

The postnatal period is a crucial phase for the health of both mother and newborn, necessitating focused care to prevent complications and promote well-being. Key components of postnatal care include a balanced diet, breastfeeding techniques, personal hygiene, exercise, newborn care, and family welfare. Providing mothers with adequate information is vital to ensuring optimal health outcomes.A study evaluated the effectiveness of an Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) package on postnatal care knowledge and practice among 60 mothers at a selected hospital in Thiruvallur, using a quantitative pre-experimental one-group pre- and post-test design. Results showed a significant increase in knowledge, with mean scores improving from 20.80 to 36.70 (38.07%, p < 0.001), and practice scores rising from 12.68 to 21.16 (t = 27.254, p < 0.001). A positive correlation (r = 0.356, p < 0.001) demonstrated that improved knowledge enhanced practices. Post-intervention, no mothers had inadequate knowledge.Conclusion: IEC education significantly improves postnatal care knowledge and practices, emphasizing the importance of maternal education.
A study on self-monitoring of college students in ongkharak district
Authors: Jarearnpon Attapol , Wunchim Areeya , Phumsom Papavarin , Martrat Wannasiri , Phalanisong Orawanya , Anbarasan E , Karnan P.
Published: January 2025

This study analyzed the self-monitoring behaviors of college students in Ongkharak District. A normative survey method was adopted, with 100 college students randomly selected from various colleges in the district as participants. The research instrument used for data collection was the Self-Monitoring Questionnaire, developed by Dr. Ed Diener, and validated at a 0.05 level of significance. The study aimed to assess the self-monitoring levels of students and examine potential differences based on gender.The findings revealed no significant differences between male and female college students in their self-monitoring abilities. This indicates that gender does not play a critical role in influencing self-monitoring behaviors among college students in this context. The study highlights the uniformity in self-monitoring levels regardless of gender, suggesting a need for further exploration of other demographic or psychosocial factors that may contribute to variations. Future research could expand the scope by including larger and more diverse student populations or examining additional variables such as academic performance, personality traits, or social interactions.
Nepah viruses: an intractable disease of zoonotic viruses
Authors: Vennela Pellakuru Sree , Chevuru Baby Shalini , Chandra Y Prapurna
Published: January 2025

Nipah virus (NIV) is an RNA virus belonging to the family Paramyxoviridae and the genus Henipavirus, which includes Hendra virus (HeV). NIV is an emerging bat-borne virus first identified 20 years ago in Malaysia and later reported in South and Southeast Asia. It causes severe neurological and respiratory illnesses, posing significant health risks. As an enveloped RNA virus, it has become a leading cause of encephalitis outbreaks with high mortality rates, particularly in the Indo-Bangladesh region.The virus's zoonotic nature, potential for human-to-human transmission, high fatality rates, and lack of vaccination make it a critical global health issue recognised by the World Health Assembly (WHA). NIV infects host cells through two glycoproteins, G and F. The G protein facilitates attachment to host cell receptors, while the F protein enables fusion of virus-cell membranes for entry.The incubation period for NIV ranges from 4 days to 2 weeks but may extend to 4 weeks. Initial symptoms mimic a common cold, including fever, headache, myalgia, and sore throat, followed by neurological signs like altered consciousness, fatigue, and impaired coordination. Diagnostic methods include PCR, immune histochemistry, virus isolation, antibody detection, ELISA, and serological tests.NIV’s potential to cause severe outbreaks underscores the need for comprehensive surveillance and research to develop effective prevention and treatment strategies.
Against Being For
Authors: Brown James
Published: January 2025

Expressivism is the view that normative claims express nondescriptive, practical attitudes. It is widely assumed that this involves denying that normative claims express beliefs, except in a minimal or deflationary sense. However, this assumption is increasingly being called into question. Instead, it is argued, expressivists can and should provide a robust, nondescriptive theory of belief in general which can explain the difference between ordinary descriptive beliefs and nondescriptive normative beliefs. This paper examines one such an attempt due to Mark Schroeder who provides a theory of belief as being for. I argue that the theory fails to deliver on its primary aim: to distinguish between descriptive and nondescriptive beliefs. Accordingly, I conclude that the theory should be rejected as it stands.
It’s a Fine Line between Sadism and Horror
Authors: Woodcock Scott
Published: January 2025

Much has been written about the puzzling aesthetic appeal of horror films that include scenes of brutal, graphic violence.  More recently, however, some philosophers have proposed that viewing certain horror films as a source of entertainment is morally problematic because of the impact they might have on our moral psychology.  By contrast, Ian Stoner argues that viewing fictional depictions of violence in horror films is not morally problematic because horror films do not present violence in ways that risk damaging the kinds of reactive attitudes required to exhibit a well-functioning moral psychology.  In this paper I note some the ways in which Stoner is correct about horror films, yet I argue that he has overstated his case for the permissibility of viewing all instances of horrific violence as entertainment.
Energy density, nutrient density and nutrient-to-price ratio of Indonesian foods
Authors: Rahmawati W. , Wirawan N.N. , Fahmi I. , Cempaka A.R. , Andarini S.
Published: January 2025

Understanding the concepts of energy density (ED), nutrient density (ND), and nutrient-to
-price ratio (NPR) in foods is crucial in making food selections to overcome the triple
burden of malnutrition in Indonesia. This study aimed to examine the ED, ND and NPR
values of Indonesian foods. A cross-sectional study was conducted to collect mostly
consumed food in Malang, Indonesia. This study used nutrient density score (NDS) as a
means of measuring and conveying the nutritional density of the foods examined. The ED
of snacks (278.90 kcal/100 g), meat and fish (248.90 kcal/100 g), legumes, nuts and seeds
(129.55 kcal/100 g), and starchy staples (125.45 kcal/100 g), were significantly higher
than the energy density of dark green leafy vegetables (DGLVs) (37.00 kcal/100 g); other
fruits and vegetables (34.90 kcal/100 g), and other vitamin A-rich foods (23.40 kcal/100
g). The nutrient density score (NDS) of organ meat (143.3%DV/100 kcal); other vitamin
A-rich foods (67.77%DV/100 kcal); DGLVs (61.70%DV/100 kcal); other fruits and
vegetables (17.78%DV/100 kcal), were significantly higher than the NDS of starchy
staples and snacks. DGLVs (380.50%DV/USD); organ meat (312.5%DV/USD); other
vitamin A-rich foods (224.85%DV/USD); legumes, nuts and seeds (118.14%DV/USD)
provided significantly higher nutrient contents in lower price compared to snacks. In
conclusion, snack has the highest ED but lowest NPR, and in contrary DGLV has lowest
ED but highest NPR. The finding of this study was important to support nutritional
education and information on food labels, reducing the risk of nutritional problems and
diseases.
The effect of compression force, cooling medium, and type of animal product on
physical and chemical properties in super-chilling process
Authors: Muttalib S.A. , Bintoro N. , Karyadi J.N.W. , Saputro A.D.
Published: January 2025

Ice and dry ice in flake forms are often used as cooling media for meat preservation. The
cooling process is done by covering the meat with these cooling substances. This method
generally takes a long time to reduce the temperature of the meat because the contact
between the surface of the cooling medium and the meat is less effective. Applying
compression force to the cooling medium will increase the intensity of contact between
the cooling medium and the meat, which is expected to improve the performance of the
cooling process. This study aimed to investigate the effect of compression force on the
cooling medium in the cooling process of meat products. In this study, three levels of
compression force (0, 100 and 200 kg), two cooling media (ice and dry ice flakes), and
three types of meat (beef, chicken and tuna) fillets were studied. A completely randomized
design, factorial 3×2×3, was used in this study. It was found that applying compression
force increased the speed of temperature reduction for beef, chicken and tuna fillets.
Compression force, ice and dry ice medium, and meat type significantly affected the
evaluated meat's physical and chemical properties (p<0.05). Interactions between
compression force, cooling medium, and material types significantly influenced the
temperature difference, lightness, hue, chroma, moisture content, protein, carbohydrate,
ash and total volatile base (P<0.05).
Antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of kingkit orange (Triphasia trifolia)
fruit and leaves against Escherichia coli
Authors: Herdiana N. , Hidayati S. , Sartika D. , Suharyono  , Murhadi  , Hasanudin U.
Published: January 2025

Escherichia coli is a gram-negative bacteria known to cause diarrhea and infection and is
frequently found in foodstuffs. These bacteria may be susceptible to the microbial activity
of kingkit orange due to the presence of active compounds, such as flavonoids, tannins,
terpenoids, and alkaloids. Antibiotics are commonly used to treat infections, but
inappropriate dose levels can cause resistance. Therefore, this study aims to determine the
antibacterial effectiveness of kingkit orange fruit and leaf extracts against E. coli infection
by in vitro. The materials used included fruit and leaf extract of the kingkit oranges with
five concentration levels, i.e., 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%. Observational data were
analyzed using the complete randomized block design method and the least significant
different follow-up test at the 5% level. The best concentration of kingkit orange fruit
extract to reduce the growth of E. coli was 25%, and the diameter of the inhibition area
was 6.65 mm with moderate inhibition strength. The best concentrations of Kingkit orange
leaf extract to reduce the growth of E. coli were 20% and 25% with diameters of
inhibition areas of 6.82 mm and 7.15 mm, respectively, with medium inhibition strength.
It can be concluded that extracts from kingkit orange fruit and leaf have antibacterial
activity, a potential substitute for antibiotics.
Effects of wet rendering extraction on the fatty acid and physicochemical
profiles of catfish (Pangasius micronema Blkr.), milkfish (Chanos chanos
Forsskal.) and snakehead fish (Chana striata Bloch)
Authors: Sasongko H. , Indah I. , Nurrochmad A. , Nugroho A.E. , Rohman A.
Published: January 2025

The catfish (Pangasius micronema Blkr.), milkfish (Chanos chanos Forsskal.) and
snakehead (Chana striata Bloch.) are the most important fishing commodities in
Indonesia. Its fatty acid content makes it a possible source of fish oil for nutritional
supplement use. The extraction method influenced the quality of the fish oil produced.
Wet rendering, also known as wet extraction, is the most popular extraction method for
separating fish oil. The purpose of this research is to investigate how wet rendering
extraction affects the fatty acid content and physicochemical profiles of catfish, milkfish
and snakehead fish. The fatty acid profile was determined with a Gas ChromatographyFlame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). The quality of fish oil was determined according to
the standard method of the Association of Official Analytical Collaboration (AOAC)
International protocol. The results of this study indicated that the wet rendering extraction
method produces various fatty acid content and physicochemical characterizations of
catfish, milkfish, and snakehead fish oils. The acid value of catfish oil fulfilled the fish oil
standards. In terms of peroxide value, milkfish and snakehead fish oil satisfied the criteria.
In the iodine value parameter, snakehead fish oil matched the standard, while catfish oil
and milkfish oil met the saponification value parameter. The highest content of omega-3
fatty acids was found in snakehead fish oil, while the highest levels of omega-6 and
omega-9 were reported in milkfish oil and catfish oil, respectively.
NAVIGATING AUDIT COSTS: THE INTERPLAY OF MEKANISME CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION, AUDIT RISK, AND FAIR VALUE
Authors: Rizal Rahmat Mulia , Urumsah Dekar
Published: January 2025

Objective: The purpose of this study is to critically examine and test the factors that determine audit fees, with a particular focus on the roles of corporate governance mechanisms, executive compensation, audit risk, and the fair value of non-current assets. By analyzing these factors, the study aims to provide deeper insights into the complex drivers of audit pricing and contribute to the ongoing discourse on audit quality and financial transparency.
 
Theoretical Framework: Agency theory emphasizes the conflicts of interest between principals (investors) and agents (management) arising from information asymmetry, which results in audit fees that confirm the accuracy of financial statements. Additionally, corporate governance mechanisms, executive compensation, audit risk, and fair value influence this dynamic.
 
Method: This study investigates manufacturing companies in the consumer goods sub-sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2018 to 2022. A purposive sampling method was used to select 42 companies each year, totaling 210 annual reports obtained from the IDX website and the companies' websites.
 
Results and Discussion: The research findings show that a higher number of independent commissioners, a higher number of audit committees, higher executive compensation, and the use of fair value of non-current assets can increase the cost of an external audit. However, this study has yet to be able to prove that managerial ownership and audit risk can affect audit fees.
 
Research Implications: This research offers insights for auditors, management, and regulators. Auditors should align fees with audit quality, factoring in business complexity and risk. Reasonable fees reflect management's investment in internal controls, enhancing financial statement credibility. Regulators must ensure fees support high-quality audits to prevent failures.
 
Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by highlighting how corporate governance factors independent commissioners, audit committees, executive compensation, and fair value of non-current assets impact audit fees. It emphasizes their role in enhancing audit quality and offers valuable insights for auditors, management, and regulators in justifying audit fee structures.
Research and Application of Service Design-Based Models for Stray Animal Management in Universities
Authors: Shang Xianru , Ma Yanfang , Chen Siyan , Li Le , Lu Mingchong
Published: January 2025

The issue of stray animals on university campuses has become increasingly problematic, with traditional management models facing significant challenges. This paper applies service design theory to propose a hybrid online-offline system aimed at enhancing the campus ecosystem, managing stray animals, and promoting students’ mental health. Using co-creation methods, stakeholder analysis, and tools such as in-depth interviews and user experience mapping, the study identifies needs, pain points, and design opportunities. A hybrid service system, combining a service blueprint and system map, is developed to offer a comprehensive pet care experience for students, alleviate psychological stress, improve stray animal welfare, and foster campus culture. This research provides both a solution to campus stray animal issues and transferable service design insights for similar settings.
Exploration of “Evidence-Based” Learning Model in Large-Unit Primary School Science
Authors: Yang Liu , Tang Wenfeng , Chen Nana , Hou Qimiao
Published: January 2025

In order to better cultivate students’ innovative abilities to meet future challenges and promote teachers to continuously advance curriculum and teaching method reforms, this paper proposes a new model of “evidence-based” learning in large-unit primary school science, which encourages students to think and explore like scientists. This model includes “puzzle-based” evidence collection to map the biological comprehensive spectrum, observe and discover biological characteristics, and strengthen inductive and deductive thinking, “ladder-based” evidence collection to explore the laws of the material world and develop abstract logical thinking, and “spiral-based” evidence collection to create universe simulation models and explore the mysteries of the unknown world, enhancing innovative transfer thinking. Such learning is conducive to forming preliminary philosophical concepts in primary school students and fundamentally promoting the development of students’ scientific inquiry and practical abilities, thereby implementing core literacy.
MESSAGE FROM THE DESK OF THE EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
Authors: Al-Ghatam Dr Rana
Published: January 2025

Dear Readers,

We are delighted to present the December 2024 issue of JBMS, featuring impactful research and insights that advance medical knowledge. Your continued support has been instrumental in upholding the journal’s excellence and fostering growth.
Screening And Management of Renal Impairment In Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In Primary Health Care Of Royal Medical Services: A Clinical Audit
Authors: Alkaabi Dr. H. H.
Published: January 2025

Background: This study evaluates screening and management of renal impairment in adults with type 2 diabetes at the Royal Medical Services in Bahrain. Type 2 diabetes is a significant risk factor for chronic kidney disease, underscoring the importance of early identification and proper management in primary healthcare.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed data from primary healthcare clinics' electronic medical records of 292 patients with type 2 diabetes. The study included 160 males (54.8%) and 132 females (45.2%), ranging from 32 to 94 years old. It focused on sociodemographic details, diabetic history, albuminuria screening, eGFR, and medication management for those with renal impairment.

Results:Among 292 patients, 57.9% had detectable albumin creatinine levels. In the albuminuria group, 31.5% were morbidly obese, while 27.3% were moderately obese. For patients with albuminuria, 39% had good HbA1c control (<7%), with a mean HbA1c of 7.5 ± 1.4. Both groups had a high prevalence of stage 2 hypertension cases. 9.4% of the albuminuria group were referred to nephrology for evaluation. Re-testing rates were 85.8% for albuminuria patients and 87.7% for non-albuminuria patients.

Discussion: Addressing compliance issues with regular urinary monitoring is crucial to improving diabetic kidney disease screening. The study underscores connections between albuminuria, obesity, and glycemic control, emphasizing the necessity for more research on renal risk factors for CKD progression. Results show good screening rates for T2DM complications in primary care, with a considerable number of patients having undetected renal issues. Implementing evidence-based strategies and guideline-driven assessments can enhance early T2DM detection and optimize diabetic kidney disorder management in this population.

Conclusion: The study on screening and managing diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in adults with type 2 diabetes. It focuses on early detection, high-risk populations, and intervention to prevent DKD progression. The study emphasizes the role of primary care physicians in identifying and managing DKD in type 2 diabetes patients to ensure effective care and prevent disease advancement.

Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, Albumin creatinine levels
The Effect of Sleep Deprivation on Junior Physicians’ Cognitive Performance and Irritability in the Kingdom of Bahrain
Authors: Almusalam Abdulla , Sinan Israa
Published: January 2025

Background: Sleep is a crucial part of any stage of life to provide a resting period that is essential for decision-making matters, and mood, as well as to help the body reduce blood pressure and cardiovascular complications. Dealing with sleep deprivation is not uncommon for junior physicians working in healthcare, causing a decline in cognition which affects decision-making, and mood changes that cause irritability.

Aims: This study aims to measure the changes in visual working memory and mood within the junior physician population that faces sleep deprivation due to on-call shifts.

Methods: Following the recruitment of participants, they were asked to complete the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess sleep quality and disturbances over 1 month. Following that, the participants were then requested to complete a Brief Mood Introspection Scale (BMIS) to measure their mood, as well as a visual working memory assessment (cognitive task) to assess cognitive functions. The BMIS and cognitive tasks were completed before and after their on-call shifts. Furthermore, the participants were requested to complete the BMIS and cognitive task on “normal shifts”, which was used as a control group.

Results: It has been observed that there are no statistically significant correlations between the cognition score and any of the BMIS sub-scales in the pre-call visit. However, within the post-call visit, positively associated moods in the BMIS sub-scales such as pleasantness (r = 0.414, p = 0.035) and overall positivity (r = 0.486, p = 0.012) had a statistically significant effect on cognitive scores. For the normal shift visit, all of the positively associated BMIS sub-scales had a statistically significant effect on cognitive scores: pleasantness (r= 0.640, p = 0.014), arousal (r = 0.570, p = 0.033) and overall positivity (r = 0.660, p = 0.011).

Conclusion: Sleep deprivation affects junior physicians immensely causing a decrease in positive mood and cognitive decline. Upon this reflection, medical institutions need to actively pay attention to the mental health and well-being of junior physicians to ensure that patient care is not halted or compromised.

Keywords: Sleep Deprivation, Visual Working Memory, Cognitive Impairment, Mood
Pengujian Parameter Algoritma Genetika dan Feed-Forward Neural Networks pada Permainan Ular Klasik
Authors: BISRY AHMAD , RAMDANI CECEP MUHAMAD SIDIK , YULIYANTI SITI
Published: January 2025

AbstrakKonfigurasi parameter yang tepat sangat penting untuk memaksimalkan kinerja dari sebuah algoritma. Algoritma genetika dan neural networks memerlukan pemilihan parameter yang sesuai dalam penggunaannya. Pada permainan ular, performa diukur dari score dan efisiensi runtime. Penelitian ini menguji parameter untuk menemukan konfigurasi optimal bagi kedua algoritma. Permainan ular digunakan sebagai model eksperimen karena metrik kinerja yang jelas, seperti score yang didapat dan beberapa rintangan yang ada. Sebanyak 60 eksperimen dilakukan untuk membandingkan jumlah generasi dan populasi, mutation chance, dan jumlah neuron pada hidden layer. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konfigurasi dengan generasi lebih besar dari populasi adalah yang paling optimal, menghasilkan score setara dengan generasi dan populasi yang sama besar, namun dengan runtime lebih efisien. Mutation chance 0.1% merupakan yang terbaik dibandingkan dengan 0.2% sampai 0.5%. Selain itu, hidden layer dengan 16 neuron lebih efisien dibandingkan 24 neuron, baik dari segi score maupun runtime.Kata kunci: Algoritma genetika, neural networks, Permainan ular klasikAbstract Appropriate parameter configuration is crucial to maximizing algorithm performance. Genetic algorithms and neural networks require careful parameter selection. In the game of Snake, performance is measured by score and runtime efficiency. This research tests parameters to find optimal configurations for both algorithms. Snake serves as an experimental model due to clear performance metrics such as score and various obstacles. Sixty experiments compare generation and population sizes, mutation chances, and neuron counts in hidden layers. Findings indicate that configurations with larger generations than populations are optimal, yielding scores similar to equal-sized generations and populations but with more efficient runtime. A 0.1% mutation chance outperforms rates of 0.2% to 0.5%. A hidden layer with 16 neurons proves more efficient than 24 neurons in both score and runtime aspects.Keywords: Genetic algorithm, neural networks, classic snake game
Sistem Evaluasi Lahan Penentuan Tanaman menggunakan Metode Forward Chaining
Authors: SAFITRI NADIA AYU , ATTHOILLAH EDY , NAJAMUDDIN AHMAD NANDA , FAUZI HILMIY AHMAD , HIKMAH LAILATUL , PRASETYO DAFIT ARI , FITRI ZILVANHISNA EMKA
Published: January 2025

ABSTRAKSistem Evaluasi Lahan merupakan sistem untuk menilai kesesuaian suatu lahan bagi berbagai jenis tanaman. Kurangnya pengetahuan petani tentang tingkat kesuburan tanah untuk jenis tanaman tertentu menyebabkan kegagalan dalam usaha pertanian mereka. Kandungan unsur NPK (Nitrogen, Phospor, dan Kalium) dalam tanah menentukan tingkat kesuburan lahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan sistem evaluasi lahan menggunakan teknologi pengolahan citra tanah dan metode forward chaining untuk menentukan kesesuaian lahan dan memberikan rekomendasi tanaman. Hasil penelitian menghasilkan tingkat akurasi dalam prediksi nilai kandungan Nitrogen sebesar 96,6%, Phospor sebesar 91,03%, dan Kalium sebesar 94,69% serta memberikan rekomendasi tanaman yang tepat. Sistem evaluasi lahan ini diharapkan dapat membantu petani meningkatkan produktivitas pertanian mereka.Kata kunci: pertanian, unsur hara NPK, pengolahan citra, sistem pakar, forward chaining ABSTRACTA land evaluation system is a system for assessing the suitability of land for different types of crops. The lack of farmers' knowledge about the soil fertility level for certain crops led to failure in their agricultural endeavors. The soil's content of NPK elements (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium) determines soil fertility. The research aims to develop an evaluation system of soil using soil image processing technology and forward chaining methods to determine soil suitability and give plant recommendations. The results of the research yield accuracy in the prediction of nitrogen content values of 96.6%, phosphorus of 91.03%, and potassium of 94.69% and give the correct plant recommendation. This land evaluation system is expected to help farmers increase their agricultural productivity.Keywords: agriculture, NPK hara element, image processing, expert system, forward chaining
Klasifikasi Sentimen Pada Buzzer Politik Jelang Pemilu 2024 menggunakan Metode Lexicon-based
Authors: NURHASANAH YOULLIA INDRAWATY , NAUFAL MUHAMMAD THORIQ
Published: January 2025

ABSTRAKPemilu merupakan sebuah momen dimana masyarakat memiliki peran untuk berpartisipasi dalam pemerintahan. Media sosial, khususnya media sosial X menjadi salah satu yang diminati untuk menyebarkan informasi. Informasi yang tersebar dalam jumlah banyak sangat sulit untuk disaring dengan baik oleh masyarakat. Mempengaruhi opini publik dengan menggunakan kata-kata kasar, memanipulasi informasi, dan membuat konten negatif merupakan peran buzzer politik di dalam media sosial. Sehingga dibutuhkan alat untuk filterisasi sentimen publik yang beredar. Alat yang digunakan adalah analisis sentimen. Penelitian bertujuan untuk melakukan klasifikasi sentimen buzzer politik dalam media sosial X menggunakan model lexicon-based yang ditingkatkan kamusnya sesuai dengan studi kasus yang dilakukan (corpus-based). Dengan menggunakan 1031 data, didapatkan sentimen positif (bukan buzzer) sebesar 63.69%,  sentimen negatif (buzzer politik) sebesar 31.94%, dan sentimen netral sebesar 4.37%. Sehingga disimpulkan bahwa model lexicon-based mampu menjelaskan sentimen X.Kata Kunci: Analisis sentimen, Lexicon-based, Buzzer, X, PemiluABSTRACTElection is a moment where people have a role to participate in the government. Social media, especially X social media, is one of the most popular ways to disseminate information. Information that is spread in large quantities is very difficult for the public to filter properly. Influencing public opinion by using harsh words, manipulating information, and creating negative content is the role of political buzzers in social media. So a tool is needed to filter public sentiment that is circulating. The tool used is sentiment analysis. The research aims to classify the sentiment of political buzzers in social media X using a lexicon-based model that is enhanced by the dictionary according to the case study conducted (corpus-based). By using 1031 data, positive sentiment (not buzzer) is 63.69%, negative sentiment (political buzzer) is 31.94%, and neutral sentiment is 4.37%. So it is concluded that the lexicon-based model is able to explain X sentiment.Keywords: Sentimen analyzed, Lexicon-based, Buzzer, X , Election
Implementation of Undika Futuristic Learning Model (Ufl) in Islamic Education Course
Authors: Muvid Muhamad Basyrul
Published: January 2025

Hybrid learning in this digital era is seen as an alternative in creating a flexible and enjoyable learning atmosphere, but there is no learning model that explains the steps (syntax) of hybrid learning which will later affect the selection of strategies, methods and assessment aspects. One of the hybrids learning models is UFL (Undika Futuristic Learning) which has a specific syntax so it is hoped that the implementation of hybrid learning can be clearly directed. The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of the UFL model in Islamic religious education courses at Dinamika University of Surabaya. The research method in this article uses a case study, with analysis techniques and systematic compilation of findings. The results of this study indicate that the UFL learning model based on hybrid with PBL strategy and case-based learning method supported by UFL syntax in Islamic religious education courses gives a positive impression and impact on the cognitive, affective and psychomotor development of students, so that in terms of knowledge they can think critically and innovatively. Affectively they can work together, be responsible, learn independently and be confident. And psychomotorically they can think creatively and are skilled in compiling and delivering their solutions optimally. In this context, learning with the UFL model in theory and fact can cover the three domains, so that learning objectives can be achieved according to the needs of the current era which emphasizes problem-solving skills so that they are able to think critically, creatively and innovatively within a collaborative framework.
The Existence of Training Participants an Integrative Perspective
Authors: Ihsan Muhammad , Effendy Moh. Hafid
Published: January 2025

This study aims to explore and analyze the existence of training participants at Pondok Pesantren Mambaul Ulum Bata-Bata from an integrative perspective, which combines traditional religious education with practical skills training. Using a quantitative method, data was collected through questionnaires from 120 students participating in the training program, 58% of whom were male students and 42% female students. The average skill score before training was 55, while after participating in the training it increased to 85 (p < 0.01). This demonstrates the effectiveness of the training program in equipping students with skills relevant to the workforce. The religious understanding score increased from an average of 65 to 78 (p < 0.05) after integration with the training, indicating that the training program did not reduce the intensity of religious education. Pearson correlation test showed a significant positive relationship (r = 0.72, p < 0.01) between the level of student involvement in the training program and their skill improvement. The higher the student involvement in training, the higher the practical skills they acquired. The results show that the training program has a significant impact on students' readiness to face the modern world while strengthening their religious education. Further analysis indicates a positive relationship between the intensity of student involvement in training and their skill improvement.
Generation Z Antecedent to Chooses Private Islamic Universities
Authors: Fathorrahman Fathorrahman
Published: January 2025

This study aims to examine the influence of the image of private Islamic universities, service quality, facilities, and achievement motivation of Generation Z on their intention to choose private Islamic higher education institutions in Indonesia. Considering that Generation Z possesses unique characteristics and a high orientation towards technology, selecting a university presents a specific challenge. The research employs a quantitative survey method with a SEM-PLS approach, involving respondents aged 15-23 years. The results indicate that the image of the university has a small positive influence (p-value 0.023), perceived service quality has a significant positive impact (p-value 0.001), while perceived facility quality shows no significant effect (p-value 0.249). Additionally, achievement motivation displays a strong positive influence (p-value 0.000) on the intention to choose. These findings conclude that private Islamic universities need to focus on enhancing their image and service quality to attract prospective students. This research contributes significantly to the development of promotional strategies for higher education within the competitive Gen Z market. The results are expected to serve as a reference for educational institutions to create better services and images, thereby meeting the needs and expectations of future generations.
Islamic Education through Religious Moderation for the Development of National Character
Authors: Fajrin Megawati
Published: January 2025

This study aims to: 1) identify the forms of religious moderation instilled at MTs Negeri 3 Pamekasan in building national character; 2) identify factors influencing students’ enthusiasm for religious moderation; and 3) analyze the implications of religious moderation for shaping students' national character. This study employs a qualitative approach with field research as its method. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation, and analyzed through data reduction, data presentation, conclusion drawing, and data verification. The findings indicate that religious moderation is fostered through school culture (such as habits promoting good manners), student orientation programs (MATSAMA), intra- and extracurricular activities (e.g., ceremonies, scouting, and social services), and an integrated curriculum. Supporting factors include the pesantren environment, school culture, family support, and positive relationships within the school community. The implications of religious moderation include fostering mutual respect, unity, cooperation, empathy, and strengthening students' moral values and social behavior.
Islamic Value-Based Recruitment Strategies for Teachers in Rumah Qur'an: A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Nurlia Tri Wahyu , Rindaningsih Ida
Published: January 2025

Recruitment of teachers in Islamic educational institutions, particularly Rumah Qur'an, plays a pivotal role in achieving effective learning grounded in Islamic values. However, challenges often arise in systematically integrating technical competencies with Islamic values. Moreover, while technology in recruitment processes promises efficiency, the moral and spiritual aspects of candidates are often difficult to assess online. This study aims to explore recruitment strategies based on Islamic values, competencies, and community involvement, as well as to identify the challenges and opportunities of digitalization in these processes. A Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach utilizing the PICOS framework was employed to review literature from databases such as Scopus and Google Scholar, with thematic analysis conducted on trends, research gaps, and best practices. Findings indicate that Islamic values such as honesty, exemplary character, and commitment to da'wah are key elements in recruitment at Islamic educational institutions. Competency-based recruitment enhances the quality of teachers, while community-based approaches strengthen local engagement. However, digitalization faces challenges such as low digital literacy and limitations in assessing moral values online. This study contributes by offering a strategic framework that integrates Islamic values, competencies, and technology in recruitment, providing solutions to support the mission of Islamic education in the digital era.