bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Forming of the personnel potential of higher education and science in conditions of external constraints
Authors: Petrov V. V.
Published: March 2023

Introduction. In the structure of the total social potential, the basic role is assigned to the personnel potential, in the formation of which the social institutions of science and education take part. External restrictions caused by the spread of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19 have led to the need for major changes in the existing system of training young research personnel.Purpose setting. To overcome the external constraints that have arisen, a number of recommendations have been promptly developed and a set of measures has been introduced to improve the quality of education and the attractiveness of the scientific and educational sector for young professionals, but at the same time, the technology for evaluating the effectiveness of the measures taken has not been fully developed. The purpose of the work is to identify the result of the measures taken and to identify the main contradictions that hinder the increase in the attractiveness of scientific and educational activities for graduates of higher educational institutions in the face of external restrictions.Methodology and methods of the study. The work uses sociocultural and structural-functional approaches, which made it possible to determine the potential vector and form of national universities development in the context of globalization under the influence of external constraints. The empirical base of the study was data obtained by using sociological methods in the course of the annual study of the employment trajectories of graduates of the Novosibirsk National Research State University.Results. It is shown that the measures and recommendations taken involve a number of actions not only at the federal level, but also at the level of universities, including tactics and strategy. An analysis of empirical data obtained in the framework of sociological studies of the labor preferences of graduates showed an increase in the interest of young professionals in the public sector of science and education during the lockdown period. With the removal of restrictions, the percentage of young researchers involved in science is reduced, while in the field of education the dynamics remain positive.Conclusion. As part of the lockdown, the measures taken were sufficiently effective to allow the domestic higher school to successfully localize and continue its activities in the national educational space.
Bell's Theorem Begs the Question
Authors: Christian Joy
Published: March 2023

I demonstrate that Bell's theorem is based on circular reasoning and thus a fundamentally flawed argument. It unjustifiably assumes the additivity of expectation values for dispersion-free states of contextual hidden variable theories for non-commuting observables involved in Bell-test experiments, which is tautologous to assuming the bounds of ±2 on the Bell-CHSH sum of expectation values. Its premises thus assume in a different guise the bounds of ±2 it sets out to prove. Once this oversight is ameliorated from Bell's argument, the bounds on the Bell-CHSH sum of expectation values work out to be ±2√2 instead of ±2, thereby mitigating the conclusion of Bell's theorem. Consequently, what is ruled out by the Bell-test experiments is not local realism but the additivity of expectation values, which does not hold for non-commuting observables in any hidden variable theories to begin with.
FTSO: Effective NAS via First Topology Second Operator
Authors: Wang Likang , Chen Lei
Published: March 2023

Existing one-shot neural architecture search (NAS) methods have to conduct a search over a giant super-net, which leads to the huge computational cost. To reduce such cost, in this paper, we propose a method, called FTSO, to divide the whole architecture search into two sub-steps. Specifically, in the first step, we only search for the topology, and in the second step, we search for the operators. FTSO not only reduces NAS’s search time from days to 0.68 seconds, but also significantly improves the found architecture's accuracy. Our extensive experiments on ImageNet show that within 18 seconds, FTSO can achieve a 76.4% testing accuracy, 1.5% higher than the SOTA, PC-DARTS. In addition, FTSO can reach a 97.77% testing accuracy, 0.27% higher than the SOTA, with nearly 100% (99.8%) search time saved, when searching on CIFAR10.
Biology of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) On Several Types of Plant Feed: Potency as a Pest on Various Plants
Authors: Dono Danar , Wulansari Retno , Hidayat Yusup
Published: March 2023

Spodoptera frugiperda is a new invasive and highly polyphagous pest that attacks corn in Indonesia. The availability of abundant plant species allows pests to switch to other host plants to maintain their population. This research aims to examine the development, reproduction, nutritional indices, and life table of S. frugiperda in several plant species. The plants tested were corn, rice, broccoli, oil palm, and baby corn as controls. Ten individual insects were used and repeated five times for each plant species. The test results show that different types of plant feed affect the development time, imago life span, fecundity, and fertility of S. frugiperda. The types of plant feed, that were baby corn fruit and broccoli had higher net reproduction value (R0), intrinsic growth rate (r), gross reproduction rate (GRR), shorter mean generation period (T), and population doubling time (DT) than in corn and rice leaves. On oil palm leaf feed no population parameters can be determined because no larvae developed into adults and had the lowest nutritional indices parameters, so that could not be exploited as a host plant. Also, the nutritional indices of several feed plant species tested provided information that broccoli could be a suitable host when there was no corn in the field.
An Intuitionistic Fuzzy Rough Set Based Classification for Anomaly Detection
Authors: Mazarbhuiya Fokrul Alom , Shenify Mohamed
Published: March 2023

The challenging issues of Computer Network and Databases are not only the intrusion detection but also the reduction of false positive and increase of detection rate. In any intrusion detection system, anomaly detection mainly focuses on modeling the normal behavior of the users and detecting the deviations from normal behavior which are assumed to be potential intrusions or treat. Several techniques have already been successfully tried for this purpose. However, the normal and suspicious behavior are hard to predict as there is no precise boundary differentiat-ing one from another. Here rough set theory and fuzzy set theory come into the picture. In this article, a hybrid approach based on rough set theory and intuitionistic fuzzy set theory is pro-posed for the detection of anomaly. The proposed approach is a classification approach which takes the advantages of softness properties both rough and fuzzy set theory to deal with uncer-tainty in the dataset. The algorithm classifies the data instances in such a way that they can be expressed using natural language. The experimental results with a real world dataset and a syn-thetic dataset show that the proposed algorithm has normal true positive rates of 91.989% and 96.99% and attack true positive rates of 91.289% and 96.29% respectively
An Proposed Algorithm for Generating Criteria Necessary to Establish Congruence between Two Convex N-Sided Polygons in Euclidean Geometry
Authors: Rafi Shakil
Published: March 2023

The research paper proposes an algorithm to find congruence criteria between two convex polygons in Euclidean Geometry. It begins with a review of triangles, then extends to quadrilaterals and eventually gener- alizes the case to n-sided polygons. It attempts to prove said algorithm using a method of induction and a case-by-case analysis. It also states a corollary to said algorithm
Evaluation of Various Generalized Pareto Probability Distributions for Flood Frequency Analysis
Authors: Anghel Cristian Gabriel , Ilinca Cornel
Published: March 2023

This article analyzes 6 probability distributions from the Generalized Pareto family, with 3, 4 and 5 parameters, with main purpose to identify other distributions from this family with applicability in flood frequency analysis compared to the distribution already used in the literature from this family such as Generalized Pareto Type II and Wakeby. This analysis is part of a larger and more complex research carried out in the Faculty of Hydrotechnics regarding the elaboration of a norm for flood frequency analysis using the linear moments method. In Romania, the standard method of parameter estimation is the method of ordinary moments, thus the transition from this method to the method of linear moments is desired. All the necessary elements for the distributions use are presented like, the probability density functions, the complementary cumulative distribution functions, the quantile functions, the exact and approximate relations for estimating parameters, for both methods of parameters estimation. All these elements are necessary for a proper transition between the two methods, especially since the use of the method of ordinary moments is done by choosing the skewness of the observed data depending on the origin of the maximum flows. A flood frequency analysis case study, using annual maximum and annual exceedance series, was carried out for the Prigor river, to numerically present the analyzed distributions. The performance of this distributions is evaluated using relative mean error, relative absolute error and linear moments diagram.
VXorPUF: A Vedic Principles - Based Hybrid XOR Arbiter PUF for Robust Security in IoMT
Authors: Mahmud Md Ishtyaq , Sadhu Pintu Kumar , Yanambaka Venkata P. , Abdelgawad Ahmed
Published: March 2023

The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) is playing a pivotal role in the healthcare sector by allowing faster and more informed hospital care, personalized treatment, and medical solutions. A very effective and trustworthy solution for resource-constrained medical devices is provided by Physical Unclonable Functions (PUF) - based identity and authentication systems, however they are not yet entirely reliable. This paper proposes VXorPUF, a Vedic Principles - Based Hybrid XOR Arbiter PUF. Modeling attacks were performed on the proposed architecture and an accuracy of 49.80 % was achieved. Uniqueness, Reliability and Randomness were the figures of merit used to evaluate PUF.
Pharmacoeconomic aspects of complex therapy including clinical nutrition in children with cystic fibrosis
Authors:   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Mytishchi, Russian Federation, Maksimycheva T.Yu. ,   N.P.Bochkov Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation,   Russian Medical Academy of Continuous Professional Education, Moscow, Russian Federation, Kondratyeva E.I. ,   Research Clinical Institute of Childhood, Ministry of Health of the Moscow Region, Mytishchi, Russian Federation,   N.P.Bochkov Research Centre for Medical Genetics, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shadrina V.V. ,   E.A.Wagner Perm State Medical University, Perm, Russian Federation
Published: March 2023

Objective. To estimate the annual cost of antibiotic therapy for cystic fibrosis exacerbations in children depending on nutritional status and the comparative cost of enteral nutrition products of two manufacturing companies. Patients and methods. This study included 50 male and female patients with cystic fibrosis aged 7 to 17 years (mean age 13 ± 4 years). All patients were divided into two age groups. Group 1 consisted of 26 children aged 7 to 10 years and group 2 consisted of 24 children aged 11 to 17 years. Each age group was subdivided depending on the body mass index (BMI): subgroup 1: ≤10th percentile, subgroup 2: 50th percentile. According to the 2019 registry, we calculated the number of courses and doses of antibiotic therapy per year, the annual cost of antibiotic therapy in each subgroup and per patient, and the cost of nutritional status correction with supplementary feeding. Results. In groups of patients with different nutritional status, it was shown that the average annual cost of antibiotic therapy in children aged 7–10 years with BMI ≥50th percentile was 600 thousand rubles (11%) lower than in children with BMI ≤10th percentile. In the age group of 11–17 years, cost savings amounted to 2.9 million rubles (58%). When calculating the cost of enteral nutrition, it was found that the use of domestic products to correct the nutritional status is economically more feasible. Cost savings ranged between 484,080 and 608,880 rubles (25–30%) in each age group. Conclusion. The decline in nutritional status should be corrected as early as possible. Maintaining optimal rates of physical development may lead to significant cost savings. The results obtained may be used for future economic assessments and cost projections for the treatment of patients with pathology accompanied by poor nutritional status. Key words: cystic fibrosis, children, enteral nutrition, protein-energy malnutrition, malnutrition
Current approaches to the diagnosis and management of patients with Joubert syndrome
Authors:   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Khizhak Ya.R. , Komarova A.A. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shumilov P.V. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Sarkisyan E.A. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Demyanova T.G. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation, Khandamirova O.O. ,   N.I.Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: March 2023

Joubert syndrome is a rare hereditary ciliopathy classically characterized by a triad of clinical symptoms: irregular breathing, hypotonia, and developmental delay. Possible manifestations may also include polycystic kidney disease, congenital hepatic fibrosis, retinal dystrophy, and musculoskeletal anomalies such as polydactyly and skeletal dysplasia. The incidence of Joubert syndrome in childhood is 1:55,000–200,000. The presence of the “molar tooth sign” on brain MRI is a required diagnostic criterion. To date, about 40 genes have been identified, mutations in which explain more than 90% of Joubert syndrome cases. This article presents current multidisciplinary approaches to the diagnosis and management of patients with this pathology in order to initiate timely and proper correction and improve outcomes. Key words: Joubert syndrome, ciliopathy, molar tooth sign, cerebellar hypoplasia, facial dysmorphism, ataxia, motor disorders, retina, kidneys, liver
Dysphagia: diagnosis, modern methods of diet therapy
Authors:   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Zavyalova A.N. , Novikova V.P. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Gavshchyuk M.V. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation, Kuznetsova Yu.V. ,   Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
Published: March 2023

Dysphagia is a secondary symptom representing any disruption in the swallowing process. There are two main types of dysphagia: oropharyngeal and esophageal. Oropharyngeal dysphagia accounts for about 80–85% of all swallowing problems. In patients with mild to moderate dysphagia, oral feeding with thickening agents is available. This review provides options for testing various thickeners used for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, as well as for food modification. A stepwise choice of food texture for patients of different ages depending on the severity of dysphagia is presented. Key words: dysphagia, diet therapy, thickeners, food texture
Key aspects of nutrition and nutritional support for children with malignant neoplasms after completion of cancer treatment
Authors:   Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, Vashura A.Yu. , Pyataeva A.A. ,   Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation, Karelin A.F. ,   Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: March 2023

Children with malignant neoplasms are a high-risk group for developing nutritional and metabolic disorders, which are one of the key disabling factors that significantly reduce the effectiveness of medical and social rehabilitation. Dynamic monitoring, screening, and timely correction of identified problems, including nutritional ones, constitute an essential precondition for the success of rehabilitation. The basic principles of nutritional correction in pediatric oncology include the following: a personalized approach; avoidance of long intervals between meals; prescription of any restrictive diets only for reasonable indications; multidisciplinarity; sparing of the gastrointestinal tract; timely initiation of nutritional support; continuity, dynamic monitoring, and control of nutritional status. The aim of this study is to describe the main aspects of nutritional support in children with malignant neoplasms after the end of cancer treatment. Key words: children, nutritional support, oncology, nutrition, cancer
Clinical case of using exclusive enteral nutrition for remission induction in a child with Crohn’s disease
Authors:   Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Kamalova A.A. ,   Children’s Republican Clinical Hospital, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, Russian Federation, Gayfutdinova A.R. ,   Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Safina E.R. ,   Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Russian Federation, Polyakov N.S. ,   Children’s Republican Clinical Hospital, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, Russian Federation, Nizamova R.A. ,   Children’s Republican Clinical Hospital, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, Russian Federation, Khomyakov A.E. ,   Children’s Republican Clinical Hospital, Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, Russian Federation
Published: March 2023

According to current clinical guidelines, exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) is an effective and preferred treatment for inducing remission in children with Crohn’s disease (CD), except in cases of severe pancolitis, isolated oral or perianal lesions, stenotic and fistulous forms. This article presents our own clinical experience with EEN in a child with newly diagnosed CD. The combined use of EEN with Modulen IBD formula helped to achieve clinical remission (abdominal pain regression, nutritional status improvement) and reduce laboratory and endoscopic activity. The experience of using EEN in Russia is limited due its low availability and difficulties in achieving compliance. Nevertheless, the possibility of using EEN deserves attention because of its benefits: a lower risk of side effects, faster healing of the intestinal mucosa, a favorable effect on nutritional status and course of the disease. Key words: Crohn’s disease, exclusive enteral nutrition
Defects in the interferon system associated with a deficiency of natural killers and T-cells in patients with COVID-19
Authors:   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Nesterova I.V. ,   Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN), Moscow, Russian Federation, Gorodin V.N. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Chudilova G.A. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Chapurina V.N. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Matushkina V.A. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Lomtatidze L.V. ,   Kuban State Medical University, Krasnodar, Russian Federation, Semenenko Т.А. ,   Honorary Academician N.F.Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Malinovskaya V.V. ,   Honorary Academician N.F.Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Shuvalov A.N. ,   Honorary Academician N.F.Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russian Federation, Vyzhlova E.N. ,   Honorary Academician N.F.Gamaleya National Research Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russian Federation
Published: March 2023

Identification of interrelated innate and sensitive immune responses in COVID-19 is an important step in the development of targeted therapeutic approaches, which is relevant. Objective. To clarify the features of the defect in the function of NK cells, T lymphocytes, the interferon system in patients with moderate and severe COVID-19. Patients and methods. Tests of the peripheral blood of 50 COVID-19 patients aged 61(57–71) and having the moderate and severe disease were performed. The following parameters were measured: the quantity of CD3+CD19–, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+ T lymphocytes, NK – (CD3–CD16+CD56+), and TNK – CD3+CD16+CD56+ with expression density considered membrane receptors (MFI) (FC 500 Beckman Coulter, USA), the levels of IFN-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, TNF-α cytokines (IFA). Results. Combined immunodeficiency associated with quantitative and functional defects in NK, T lymphocytes and their subsets was revealed in moderate and severe COVID-19. An imbalance of cytokines has been established: blockade of the production of IFN-α and IFN-γ against the background of a significant increase in IL-6 and TNF-α, which negatively affects both the number and functionality of the participants in the immune response and is associated with a severe course and poor prognosis of COVID-19. Conclusion. The data obtained demonstrate the need to develop new strategies and tactics for the treatment of COVID-19, including replacement systemic therapy with recombinant IFN-α2b in combination with antioxidants (Viferon®) in adequate therapeutic doses, aimed at restoring the normal functioning of T lymphocytes, NK and the interferon system. Key words: COVID-19, interferons, moderate and severe disease course, NK cells, T lymphocytes
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Analitis Peserta Didik SMAN 1 Jakarta
Authors: Setiawan Aan , Salsabila Ellis , Meidianingsih Qorry
Published: March 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) terhadap kemampuan berpikir analitis peserta didik. Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu dengan post-test only control group design. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dan cluster random sampling. Sampel penelitian yaitu peserta didik kelas XI IPS 1 dan XI IPS 2 di SMA Negeri 1 Jakarta. Kemampuan berpikir analitis peserta didik diukur menggunakan instrumen penelitian yaitu empat soal uraian pada pokok bahasan program linear yang telah valid dan reliabel. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji-t dengan taraf signifikansi  serta derajat kebebasan (dk) = 65, diperoleh bahwa statistik uji t = 3,310 >  1,669, sehingga  ditolak yang berarti bahwa rata-rata kemampuan berpikir analitis peserta didik yang menerapkan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe STAD lebih tinggi dibandingkan peserta didik yang menerapkan model pembelajaran konvensional. Kemudian diperoleh nilai Cohen’s d sebesar dengan persentase besar pengaruhnya sebesar 79% yang termasuk ke dalam kategori large (besar). Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan, dapat disimpulkan terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Student Teams Achievement Division (STAD) terhadap kemampuan berpikir analitis peserta didik SMAN 1 Jakarta.
An optogenetic cell therapy to restore control of target muscles in an aggressive mouse model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Authors: Bryson Barney , Kourgiantaki Alexandra , Jiang Dai , Demosthenous Andreas , Greensmith Linda
Published: March 2023

Breakdown of neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) is an early pathological hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) that blocks neuromuscular transmission, leading to muscle weakness, paralysis and, ultimately, premature death. Currently, no therapies exist that can prevent progressive motor neuron degeneration, muscle denervation or paralysis in ALS. Here, we report important advances in the development of an optogenetic, neural replacement strategy that can effectively restore innervation of severely affected skeletal muscles in the aggressive SOD1G93A mouse model of ALS, thus providing an interface to selectively control the function of targeted muscles using optical stimulation. We also identify a specific approach to confer complete survival of allogeneic replacement motor neurons. Furthermore, we demonstrate that an optical stimulation training paradigm can prevent atrophy of reinnervated muscle fibers and results in a 10-fold increase in optically-evoked contractile force. Together, these advances pave the way for an assistive therapy that could benefit all ALS patients.
Aberrant plasma exosomal derived ceRNA networks as diagnosis biomarkers for adolescent major depressive disorder and its potential prediction for antidepressant
Authors: Xu Yifan , Du Xinzhe , Zhang Rong , Huang Yangxi , Gao Yao , Wen Yujiao , Qiao Dan , Sun Ning , Liu Zhifen
Published: March 2023

Background:Major depressive disorder (MDD) in adolescence seriously endangers their mental and physical health and is associated with poor social and scholastic function. However, the diagnosis biomarkers for adolescent with MDD remain unclear.Methods：A total of 114 adolescent subjects were enrolled in this study, the comprehensive clinical and cognitive assessments were performed. Differential expressions of lncRNAs and mRNAs of plasma exosomes were screened by microarray assay. Two sets of ceRNA (lncRNAs-miRNAs-mRNAs) networks had been generated and candidate genes had been screened by bioinformatic analysis, and candidate genes were validated in cohort using qRT-PCR.Results：A total of 3752 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 1789 differentially expressed mRNAs were identified. AC156455.1, miR-126-5p, AAK1 and CCDC18AS1, miR-6835-5p, CCND2 were picked from each network as candidate genes. We found that the six candidate genes were differential expression between MDD patients and healthy controls, or before and after antidepressant treatment of MDD group. The expression levels of AAK1, CCDC18AS1 and miR6835 varied in efficacy after 8-week sertraline treatment. We also found that the expression of CCDC18AS1, miR-6835-5p, CCND2 (in the same network) at baseline could predicted antidepressant efficacy, which may be mediated through reducing suicidal ideation and improving cognitive function.Conclusion:Our study identified and validated the plasma exosome-derived ceRNA networks altered in adolescent with MDD, our findings provided potential diagnosis and therapeutic biomarkers for adolescent with MDD.
Economic evaluation of submerged anaerobic hybrid membrane bioreactor operating at mesophilic temperature
Authors: Burman Isha , Sinha Alok
Published: March 2023

A laboratory-scale mesophilic submerged anaerobic hybrid membrane bioreactor (AnHMBR) was operated for 270 days for treatment of high strength synthetic wastewater at different HRTs (3d, 2d, 1d & 0.5 d). COD removal efficiency of 92% was obtained with methane yield rate of 0.18 LCH4/gCODremoval at 1 d HRT. The results of lab scale reactor at 1 d HRT were utilized for up scaling and cost analysis. Cost analysis of the full-scale AnHMBR system showed that tank cost and heating cost accounted for the largest fraction of total life cycle cost. The heating cost can be compensated by gas recovery and heating of influent by permeate. Sensitivity analysis revealed that interest rates, influent flow and membrane flux were the most crucial parameters which affected the total cost of An-HMBR.
The safety of SGLT-2 inhibitors in diabetic patients submitted to elective percutaneous coronary intervention regarding kidney function: SAFE-PCI pilot study
Authors: Feitosa Mateus Paiva Marques , Lima Eduardo Gomes , Abizaid Alexandre Antônio Cunha , Mehran Roxana , Lopes Neuza Helena Moreira , Ramos Thiago de Assis Fischer , Kajita Alexandre Hideo , Filho Roberto Kalil , Junior Carlos Vicente Serrano
Published: March 2023

Background: Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is one of the most performed well-succeeded therapeutic procedures worldwide, reducing symptoms and improving quality of life. Lidocaine associated with gelatinase neutrophilic acid (NGAL) is a biomarker of acute kidney injury (AKI) produced early after an ischemic renal insult. Osmotic diuresis and the vasoconstriction of the afferent arteriole promoted by SGLT2i generate a concern regarding the possibility of dehydration and consequent AKI. There is no consensus on the maintenance or discontinuation of SGTL2i in patients who will undergo PCI. This study aimed to evaluate the safety of SLGT2i in diabetic patients submitted to elective PCI regarding kidney function
Methods: SAFE-PCI trial is a single-center, prospective, open-label, randomized (1:1) pilot study with 42 randomized patients and a follow-up of 30 days. The SGLT2i empagliflozin 25mg daily was initiated at least 15 days before PCI in the intervention group and maintained until the end of the follow-up period. Serum NGAL was collected 6 hours after PCI and creatinine before PCI, 24 hours, and 48 hours after the procedure. As per protocol, both groups received optimal medical treatment and standard protocol of nephroprotection.
Results: A total of 42 patients were randomized (22 patients in the iSGLT-2 group and 20 patients in the control group). There was no difference between-group baseline data. The primary outcome (NGAL and creatinine values post PCI) did not differ in both groups: the mean NGAL value was 199 ng/dL in the empagliflozin group and 150 ng/dL in the control group (p = 0.249). Although there was an initial increase in creatinine in the SGLT-2i group compared to the control group between baseline creatinine and pre-PCI and 24 hours post-PCI creatinine, no difference was detected in creatinine 48 hours post-PCI (p = 0.065). The incidence of CI-AKI, determined by KDIGO criteria, in the iSGLT2-group was 13,6% and 10% in the control group without statistical difference.
Conclusion: The present study showed that the use of SGLT2i (empagliflozin) is safe regarding kidney function during elective PCI in patients with T2D when compared with no use of SGLT2i.
Trial registration: Our clinical study is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov with the following number: NCT05037695.
The Ferroelectric-Gate Fin Microwave Acoustic Signal Processor
Authors: Hakim Faysal , Rudawski Nicholas , Tharpe Troy , Tabrizian Roozbeh
Published: March 2023

Wireless communication through dynamic spectrum allocation over microwave bands, essential to accommodate exponentially growing data traffic, requires massive array of radio-frequency (RF) filters for adaptive signal shaping at arbitrary frequencies. However, conventional RF filters based on planar acoustic resonators are incapable to realize such massive integrated arrays, due to their large footprint and limited on-chip frequency scalability. Here, we present a signal processor enabled by integration of three-dimensional ferroelectric-gate fin (FGF) nano-acoustic resonators with extreme frequency tailorability and large-scale integrability. FGFs are created by growing atomic-layered ferroelectric hafnia-zirconia transducers on silicon nano-fins, operate in bulk acoustic modes with lithographically scalable frequency over 3-28 GHz, and provide record-high frequency – quality factor – electromechanical coupling product (f×Q×kt2) of 19.4×1010 (at ~11GHz). A monolithic filter-array covering 9-12 GHz is also demonstrated by on-chip electrical coupling of FGFs. This demonstration highlights the potential of FGF resonators to realize chip-scale adaptive processors extendable to millimeter-wave frequencies.
Lyme disease with reversible splenial lesion syndrome: a case report
Authors: Peng Xiaoxue , Chen Wei , Yu Juan , Jiang ZiYang , Tang E , Liu Qing
Published: March 2023

Purpose: Reversible splenial lesion syndrome (RESLES) is a syndrome involving the splenium of the corpus callosum of various causes (mainly including infection, metabolic disorder and seizure) that is diagnosed via imaging. Notably, the RESLES in Lyme disease is particularly rare. Here, we report a case of Lyme disease with RESLES admitted in Meizhou People's Hospital to raise awareness about the disease.
Methods: A male patient having Lyme disease with RESLES was reported, and his clinical presentations, diagnosis, imaging findings and treatment were analyzed.
Results: Lyme disease with RESLES presented with headache and fever as the main clinical presentations, accompanying rashes at the elbow joint. On imaging, cytotoxic edema in the splenium of the corpus callosum was displayed without enhancement. In addition, the serum anti-borrelia burgdorferi antibody IgM was positive. The lesion finally completely disappeared after treatment.
Conclusion: Lyme disease with RESLES is rare, and patients with this disease usually have a history of tick bite. In this patient population, there is a need for careful interrogation of previous histories (e.g., epidemiology, exposure to an infected area and tick bite) and occurrence of rashes, which can help for early diagnosis and targeted treatment to improve patient prognosis.
Socio-cultural beliefs and perceptions that influence diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer among women in Ghana: evidence from a scoping review
Authors: Afaya Agani , Anaba Emmanuel Anongeba , Bam Victoria , Afaya Richard Adongo , Yahaya Rufai-Ahmed , Seidu Abdul Aziz , Ahinkorah Bright Opoku
Published: March 2023

Background Breast cancer is currently the most diagnosed cancer in Ghana and the leading cause of cancer mortality among women. Little published empirical evidence exists on cultural beliefs and perceptions about breast cancer diagnosis and treatment in Ghana. This scoping review sought to map evidence on the sociocultural beliefs and perceptions that influence the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer among women. Methods This review was conducted following the methodological guideline of JBI and reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. The literature search was conducted in PubMed, CINAHL via EBSCOhost, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Embase. Studies that were conducted on cultural, religious, and spiritual beliefs were included. The included studies were screened by title, abstract, and full text by three reviewers. Data was charted and results were represented in a narrative synthesis form. Results This review included 15 studies. Three categories were identified after the synthesis of the charted data. The categories included: cultural, religious, and spiritual beliefs and misconceptions about breast cancer. The cultural beliefs included ancestral punishment and curses from the gods for wrongdoing leading to breast cancer. Spiritual beliefs about breast cancer were attributed to spiritual or supernatural forces. People had the religious belief that breast cancer was a test from God and resulted in prayers for healing. Conclusion This study adduces evidence of the sociocultural beliefs that impact on untimely diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer among women in Ghana. Taking into consideration the diverse cultural and traditional beliefs about breast cancer diagnosis and treatment, there is a compelling need for nationwide public education on breast cancer to clarify the myths and misconceptions about the disease. We recommend that sociocultural factors influencing breast cancer diagnosis and treatment be incorporated into breast cancer awareness programs, education, and intervention programs in Ghana.
The protein-energy malnutrition is associated with the prevalence and mortality of periodontitis: a dose-response association study
Authors: Zhang Yonghuan , Liu Yanqing , Li Weiqi , Xue Xiaomeng , Pan Yaping , Li Chen , Lin Li
Published: March 2023

Objective: This study aimed to explore the association between protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) and the prevalence and mortality rate of geriatric periodontitis.
Materials and Methods: Participants were recruited from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) between the 1999-2004 and 2009-2014 cycles. Geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) as the measurement of PEM and periodontitis was defined according to periodontal examination. Periodontal examination and GNRI data were collected for participants aged ≥65 years. Multifactorial logistic regression was performed to assess the association between GNRI and periodontitis. Cox regression was used to assess the association between GNRI and mortality in patients with periodontitis. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) was used to explore the dose-response association.
Results: Overall, 4442 participants were enrolled. Logistic regression showed that GNRI was significantly associated with periodontitis (OR, 0.981; 95%CI, 0.967–0.995, P=0.009), and RCS showed a significantly increased risk of periodontitis when GNRI was <114.99. Cox regression analysis indicated that GNRI was associated with mortality in patients with periodontitis (HR, 0.979; 95%CI, 0.971–0.986, P<0.001), and RCS showed a significantly increased risk of mortality when GNRI was <114.28.
Conclusion: This study found a significant association between PEM and the risk of periodontitis and periodontitis patients’mortality, and this association was more pronounced among those aged 80 years and older.
Clinical Relevance: PEM is associated with periodontitis and may increase the risk of periodontitis participants’ mortality. More attention demanded to the nutritional intake of protein and energy in geriatric populations, especially those with periodontitis.
Effects of Acetylation, Acid-thinning and Oxidation on Chrysophyllum albidum (African Star Apple) Kernel Native Starch
Authors: Oderinde Abdulazeez Adewale , Ibikunle Adeola Ahmed , Bakre Lateef Gbenga , Babarinde Najeem Abiola
Published: March 2023

Starch is a biological macromolecule with myriad of industrial uses. The growing need for starch and native starch deficiencies, have necessitated researches into under-exploited starch sources and modifications, respectively.Chrysophyllum albidum(African star apple, ASA) seed is a waste consisting of 63.94% carbohydrate in its kernel. Its starch content can be fully utilised, industrially, if it is in a suitable form and its properties understood. That necessitated the isolation of ASA kernel starch, its modification and properties assessment. Acetylation, acid-thinning and oxidation were performed on the native African star apple kernel starch, NACA, to produce the acetylated, ACCA, acid-thinned, ATCA, and oxidised, OXCA, African star apple starches, respectively. The physicochemical properties of the native and modified starches were investigated with established methods. The yield of starch was 43.76%. The acetylated and oxidised starches had low degrees of substitution. FT-IR results confirmed the introduction of carbonyl functionality into the acetylated and oxidised starches. Starch morphology revealed smooth, small rounded and truncated ellipsoid granules with diameter ranges of 7–20 µm. Swelling power of modified starches improved, except for the acid-thinned, and increased with temperature. Acetylated and oxidised starches had significantly (p < 0.05) higher water and oil absorption capacities, respectively. Acid-thinning significantly improved starch pasting properties and reduced retrogradation tendency. Modification improved the gelatinisation transition temperature of native starch. It was concluded that modification increased the industrial raw material potentials of African star apple kernel starch.
Interdecadal variation of tropical cyclone genesis longitudes over the western North Pacific
Authors: Choi JaeWon , Seo Kyong-Hwan
Published: March 2023

The genesis longitudes of the tropical cyclone (TC) for the months of June–October exhibit the gradual westward shift since 1998 and the present study investigates the possible mechanisms. The period of 1998–2020 is characterized by the large anomalous anticyclonic circulation over the western North Pacific (WNP) and an anomalous cyclonic circulation in East Asia. Owing to this huge anomalous anticyclonic circulation, TCs could not develop over the eastern part of the WNP. In addition, the equatorial western Pacific shows a warm anomaly, while the equatorial eastern Pacific presents a cold anomaly; this negative phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) demonstrates the strengthening of the Walker circulation, which causes greater prevalence of TCs to the western seas of the WNP.
Leukoencephalomacia due to ischemic vascular accident in a Tremarctos ornatus (Spectacled bear)
Authors: Echenique Joanna V.Z. , Piva Manoela M. , Gris Anderson H. , Perosa Fernanda F. , Ribeiro Paula R. , Silva Emanoelly M. S. , Hohendorff Raquel V. , Gomes Caroline W.C. , Sonne Luciana
Published: March 2023

Tremactor ornatus (Spectacled bear) are the only ursids natives of South America and are present in many Zoo collections. Neurologic diseases are not common in this species and brain injuries are linked mainly to viral diseases; however ischemic brain events are not commonly reported. The aim of this paper is to describe the clinical, gross, microscopic, and immunolabeling findings of leukoencephalomacia due to an ischemic vascular accident in a Tremactor ornatus. A captive spectacled bear presented left-sided non-ambulatory hemiparesis, and left-sided hemineglect, but without mentation impair. The animal died spontaneously. Gross findings included asymmetric bilateral friable dusky discoloration areas of malacia, sharply defined in the white matter of the forebrain right hemisphere. Lesions were observed in right parietal and temporal cortex, extending to the thalamus, striate body, and medullary body. Histologically, there was a non-hemorrhagic leukoencephalomacia, with accentuated myelin rarefaction and astrocytes proliferation embedded with Gitter cell infiltrate. Moreover, Luxol Fast Blue highlighted extensive severe myelin loss. The diagnosis was established through the clinical history along with extensive ischemic right hemisphere leukoencephalomacia. Immunohistochemistry was primordial to access repair and inflammatory lesions. To the best authors' knowledge, this is the first report of leukoencephalomacia due to ischemic vascular accident in a Tremarctos ornatus.
Coping Strategies and self-esteem mediate Covid-19 stress and mental health among nurses in the Gaza Strip
Authors: El-Khodary Basel , Diab Marwan , Shubier Tawfeeq , Al-Khatib Abdullah , Veronese Guido
Published: March 2023

The current study aimed to explore the mediating role of coping strategies and self-esteem between Covid-19 stress and mental health among nurses in the Gaza Strip during the Covid-19 outbreak. The sample consisted of 279 participants {141 (49.6%) females and 138 (48.6%) males}. COVID Stress Scales, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Ways of Coping Questionnaire and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale were applied. The results showed that female nurses reported more fear of Covid-19 dangerousness and anxiety compared with males. The results also showed that there is a significant positive correlation between fear of the dangerousness of covid and fear of being infected by others, fear of being infected by things, self-esteem, problem-focused coping, anxiety, depression. Moreover, there is a significant positive correlation between fear of being infected by others and fear of being infected by things, self-esteem, problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, and anxiety. There is a significant positive correlation between fear of infected by things and emotion-focused coping, and anxiety, depression. Similarly, there is a significant positive correlation between self-esteem and problem-focused coping. Likewise, there is a significant positive correlation between emotion-focused coping and anxiety and depression. Finally, there is a significant positive correlation between anxiety and depression. Supervision and training should focus on improving nurses' emotional intelligence, problem-solving capabilities, and self-esteem to protect health providers from psychological burdens.
Identification of unauthorized electricity based on the consumption data of subscribers with the help of artificial intelligence
Authors: Kojuri Abolghasem Darzi , Sayed Biju Theruvil , Espinosa-Cristia Juan Felipe , Alghamdi Mohammed. I. , Huamán-Romaní Yersi-Luis , Cahuana-Lipa Rocío , Hammid Ali Thaeer , Machaca-Mamani Julio-César
Published: March 2023

One of the most important challenges in electricity distribution companies is the use of unauthorized electricity or electricity theft, which is an important factor in reducing the income of electricity distribution companies. The number of subscribers as well as the large amount of data related to their consumption is increasing rapidly, and the traditional methods to detect suspicious subscribers are difficult, expensive and in some cases almost impossible. In this article, we will deal with five classification models including decision tree, support vector machine, Bayesian rule, neural network and k-nearest neighbor classification on 300 real data of electricity affairs in order to detect subscribers with unauthorized electricity, the results of which according to the real input data in the diagnosis The best smart model will be very reliable to identify subscribers with unauthorized electricity.
Study on the life cycle of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebroinidae) on different cereals.
Authors: shaharbano  , Soomro Fakhra , Ahmed Waheed
Published: March 2023

Background
Tribolium castaneum is one of the most destructive pest of stored grains products around the world. The present study was conducted to observe the life cycle of Tribolium castaneum on different cereal flour varieties i.e. Triticum aestivum (wheat flour), Oryzae sativa (Rice flour), Zea mays (Corn flour), Vigna unguiculata (Cow peas Flour), Sorghum bicolor (Sorghum flour) and Hordeum vulgar (Barley flour). From two sources the samples were being collected, i.e. grocery Stores/super mart (Source-I) and flour mills/warehouses (Source-II) at the ideal temperature and relative humidity under laboratorial conditions at the Zoology department, Shah Abdul Latif University Khairpur.
Results
During the present study it was recorded that Tribolium castaneum consistently undergoes six larval stages on each cereal flour from source-I and source-II. Among the cereal flours It was noticed that total duration from eggs to adult remains fastest on wheat flour i.e. 41.8 ± 0.80 followed by sorghum flour 52.9 ± 0.90 and lowest on Cow-peas flour 65.5 ± 1.00 followed by corn flour 61.8 ± 0.96 and average total duration from eggs to adult on rice flour 54.9 ± 0.83 followed by Barley flour 53.9 ± 0.82. The length of eggs was 2.9mm and width was 0.7mm were recorded and the length of larva from 1st instar to 6th instar was 5mm to 12mm and width was 2.1mm to 3.7 were recorded and length of pupa was 15.2mm and width was 3.8mm and length of adult was 17.2 mm and width was 4mm were recorded respectively.
Conclusions
The results of this study indicated that cow-peas flour was the least suitable for development of Tribolium castaneum as compared to wheat flour. Additionally, postharvest products from source-II (flour mills) were found to be extremely susceptible to Tribolium castaneum. Study of life cycle of Tribolium castaneum in different cereals flours would be helpful in post-harvesting of the insect pest in various stored grain food materials.