bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The effectiveness of behavioral activation therapy on the symptoms of depression, rumination, and social-occupational functioning impairment among women with postpartum depression
Authors: Nikandish Zahra , Sajjadian Ilnaz
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:

Postpartum depression is caused by a wide range of factors, and women in their postpartum period are highly vulnerable, either physically or emotionally. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of behavioral activation therapy on the symptoms of depression, rumination, and social-occupational functioning impairment among women with postpartum depression (PPD).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This quasi-experimental research included a pre-test, a post-test, and a one-month follow-up, as well as experimental and control groups. The participants were screened using Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EDPS) in 2019. The research included 32 women who had visited Isfahan Healthcare Centers. They were selected using convenience sampling and then randomly divided into experimental (16 individuals) and control groups (16 individuals). Both groups answered the following questionnaires before, immediately after, and one month after the intervention: Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Nelon, et al. Ruminative Response Scale, and Mundt et al. Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS). The experimental group received behavioral activation therapy for nine 90-minute sessions once a week. The data were analyzed using the statistical method of multivariance analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).

RESULT:

The results showed that behavioral activation therapy had a significant effect on the symptoms of depression (P = 0.001, F = 79.65), postpartum depression (P = 0.001, F = 220.359), rumination (P = 0.001, F = 121.765), and social-occupational functioning impairment (P = 0.001, F = 368.512) among women with postpartum depression. The effects of behavioral activation therapy also lasted in the follow-up stage of the study.

CONCLUSION:

According to the present research, behavioral activation therapy is an effective method that decreases the symptoms of depression, rumination, and occupational-social functioning impairment among women with postpartum depression. Therefore, behavioral activation therapy could be beneficial to intervention designs and treatment of postpartum depression.
The readiness of Saudi nursing interns for the professional role
Authors: Alaamri Marym M. , Alasmari Abeer A. , Alasiri Jelan A. , Bahaddad Reem A. , Alsulami Atheer K. , AlQarni Rawan M. H. , Alhofaian Aisha , Tunsi Afnan
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:

The nursing education program offers opportunities to prepare nursing students with the knowledge and skills required for their professional roles. The level of their readiness and confidence will affect their ability to provide effective and sufficient nursing care. The purpose of this study is to assess nursing interns readiness for professional roles.

MATERIALS AND METHOD:

To accomplish the study’s objectives, a cross-sectional, descriptive design was employed. All nursing interns who graduated from the KAU School of Nursing in the academic year 2018–2019 were recruited from different hospitals in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from March 2019 until May 2019. Participants completed the Casey–Fink Readiness for Practice Survey. Descriptive statistics were conducted to answer the research questions.

RESULTS:

The results of this study demonstrated that the students felt ready and confident to assume their professional nursing roles. The students had some difficulties with managing multiple patients and certain skills, such as how to deal with dying patients and prioritize patient care needs.

CONCLUSION:

The findings of this study showed the students felt entirely ready for the professional nursing role. The nursing college at King Abdul-Aziz University is making a great effort to prepare its students for their professional roles. We still need to develop skills and clinical competencies in preparation for effective professional roles. In addition, continuous assessment is considered important for patient safety, to increase nurses’ work retention, and to enhance professional nurse confidence and the quality of care they must provide.
Efficacy of ChatGPT in solving attitude, ethics, and communication case scenario used for competency-based medical education in India: A case study
Authors: Roy Asitava Deb , Das Dipmala , Mondal Himel
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:

Competency-based medical education (CBME) is a method of medical training that focuses on developing learners’ competencies rather than simply assessing their knowledge and skills. Attitude, ethics, and communication (AETCOM) are important components of CBME, and the use of artificial intelligence (AI) tools such as ChatGPT for CBME has not been studied. Hence, we aimed to assess the capability of ChatGPT in solving AETCOM case scenarios used for CBME in India.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

A total of 11 case scenarios were developed based on the AETCOM competencies. The scenarios were presented to ChatGPT, and the responses generated by ChatGPT were evaluated by three independent experts by awarding score ranging from 0 to 5. The scores were compared with a predefined score of 2.5 (50% accuracy) and 4 (80% accuracy) of a one-sample median test. Scores among the three raters were compared by the Kruskal–Wallis H test. The inter-rater reliability of the evaluations was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

RESULTS:

The mean score of solution provided by ChatGPT was 3.88 ± 0.47 (out of 5), indicating an accuracy of approximately 78%. The responses evaluated by three raters were similar (Kruskal–Wallis H P value 0.51), and the ICC value was 0.796, which indicates a relatively high level of agreement among the raters.

CONCLUSION:

ChatGPT shows moderate capability in solving AETCOM case scenarios used for CBME in India. The inter-rater reliability of the evaluations suggests that ChatGPT’s responses were consistent and reliable. Further studies are needed to explore the potential of ChatGPT and other AI tools in CBME and to determine the optimal use of these tools in medical education.
Comparing the effectiveness of different health education approaches for preventing tobacco use among school-going students in a government school of Dadra and Nagar Haveli district
Authors: Bariya Bhaveshbhai , Solanki Preeti , Mahyavanshi Darshankumar , Tolani Jayshree
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:

Four out of five people who use tobacco begin before they reach adulthood. Schools provide the opportunity to address the young population before they initiate tobacco use. Different health education approaches have their unique merits and demerits. The present study aims to assess the use of various approaches for effective communication with students regarding tobacco hazards.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

It was a health education intervention study done at a Government School in Dadra and Nagar Haveli district. The students of class IX and class XI of Government School were educated about the harmful effects of tobacco and government regulations against tobacco use using various methods of health education; chalk and talk, panel discussion, roleplay, pamphlet distribution, etc., The Student “t” test was used to compare scores obtained by students before and after the intervention. The Chi-square test was used to test associations between variables. Bonferroni post
hoc test was used to test for significant differences between various methods of health education imparted to students.

RESULTS:

A total of 367 students participated in the study, with females comprising 53% of the sample. The mean age of the students was 15.7 years (±1.05). The study found the magnitude of a statistically significant increase in mean score percentages for knowledge through various health education methods: chalk and talk (37.0%, P < 0.0001), pamphlet (26.65%, P < 0.0001), roleplay (20.83%, P = 0.0003), panel discussion (14.7%, P = 0.0009), poster (12.6%, P = 0.0025), symposium (8.4%, P = 0.0221), and leaflet (−4.0%, P = 0.0382). Furthermore, the Bonferroni post
hoc test demonstrated that the chalk-and-talk method was more effective in enhancing knowledge, while the leaflet method was more influential in shaping attitudes.

CONCLUSIONS:

The chalk-and-talk method is the most effective health education method for awareness of tobacco hazards among class IX and XI students. While planning for health education dissemination, the approach should be chosen wisely considering the content to be delivered.
The effect of in-home supportive counseling on maternal functioning and self-efficacy following cesarean section among primiparous women
Authors: Farasati Mahsa , Nourizadeh Roghaiyeh , Sattarzadeh-Jahdi Niloufar , Esmaeilpour Khalil , Mehrabi Esmat , Reisy Leila
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND:

Women require follow-up care and ongoing counseling after childbirth. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of in-home supportive counseling on the maternal functioning and self-efficacy after CS among primiparous women.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

This randomized controlled clinical trial was performed on 60 primiparous women aged 18–35 years following CS in Ardabil, Iran from April to November 2021. After convenience sampling, participants were randomly assigned into the intervention and control groups with a ratio of 1:1 by block randomization using Random Allocation Software with block sizes of 4 and 6. The intervention group received in-home supportive counseling during three sessions on days 3, 7, and one month after birth. The control group received only routine postpartum care. The data were collected using the demographic and obstetric characteristics, maternal self-efficacy questionnaire, and Barkin index of maternal functioning, completed by both groups 10–15 days, two, and four months after birth. Independent t-test and RMANOVA were used to analyze the data.

RESULTS:

The mean score of maternal functioning in the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group 10–15 days, 2 and 4 months after birth (AMD: 28.51, 95% CI: 24.91 to 32.10, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the mean (SD) score of maternal self-efficacy between the two groups 10–15 days after birth. However, this difference was statistically significant 2 and 4 months after birth and after adjusting the time effect (AMD: 10.56, 95% CI: 9.46 to 11.67, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION:

In-home supportive counseling can be effective in improving maternal functioning and maternal self-efficacy after CS. Acquiring functional skills increases mothers’ self-confidence and self-efficacy in caring for the newborn.
Evaluation of Marginal and Internal Adaptation of Crowns Fabricated with Three Different Zirconia CAD/CAM Materials
Authors: Temizkan Nizaroglu R , Küçük C
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Marginal and internal adaptation are key factors that determine the clinical success of dental restorations.

Aim:

The aim of this study is to evaluate the marginal and internal fit of crowns fabricated with three different CAD-CAM zirconia materials; two monolithic zirconia materials and one veneered zirconia copings in comparison with conventional metal-ceramic crowns.

Material and Methods:

Ninety-six extracted molars (n = 96) were selected. Teeth were randomly divided into four groups (n = 24), and the following restorations were fabricated: Metal-ceramic crowns (Control group) (Group CG); monolithic zirconia crowns (GC initial) (Group MZ1); monolithic zirconia crowns (InCoris TZI),(Group MZ2); bilayered zirconia crowns, cores (InCoris ZI) veneered with a low-fusing glass-ceramic (IPS Emax Ceram),(Group BZ). Internal and marginal adaptations were evaluated using the silicone replica technique. A total of 20 points were recorded for every tooth under the light microscope at 20x magnifications. Results were compared using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the post
hoc Tukey’s test at a significance level of 0.01.

Results:

Marginal, marginal-internal, axial, and occlusal gaps between CG, MZ1, MZ2, and BZ crowns showed statistically significant differences (P < 0.01).

Conclusion:

Monolithic zirconia groups showed better marginal adaptation compared with the veneered zirconia crowns.
Pattern and Prevalence of Intestinal Helminthiasis among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Children at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu State
Authors: Onyia JT , Onyia OA , Ikefuna A , Oguonu T , Ubesie A , Eke CB , Chinawa JM
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Children infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may be more prone to helminthic infestation because they have depleted immunity, which increases their susceptibility to infection and infestations, even with minimally pathogenic organisms such as helminths.

Aim:

The prevalence and pattern of intestinal helminthiasis among children living with HIV attending the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital (UNTH), Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu.

Patients and Methods:

A cross-sectional study in which 70 HIV-infected children were consecutively recruited from the Pediatric HIV clinic and matched for age and sex with 70 children recruited from the children outpatient clinic (CHOP) of UNTH Ituku-Ozalla. Stool samples of study participants were collected and analyzed using the Kato–Katz method and subsequently examined under the microscope for helminths’ eggs and larvae. The worm intensity was determined using the theoretical analytic sensitivity (TAS) of 24 eggs per gram (EPG) to obtain the number of eggs per gram of feces. The CD4+ count, which describes the severity of immunosuppression in HIV-positive children was determined using the PARTEC Cyflow counter for the CD4+ lymphocyte count, whereas HIV screening was performed using the rapid diagnostic tests for HIV (Determine, Statpack and Unigold). Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS.

Results:

The prevalence of intestinal helminthiasis among HIV-infected and non-infected children was 27.1% and 12.9%, respectively (P = 0.038). HIV-positive children were more likely to have intestinal helminthiasis than HIV-negative children (odds ratio [OR] =2.525, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.052–6.063). Ascaris lumbricoides was the predominant helminthic species in both HIV-infected and non-infected groups; however, there was no statistical significance between intestinal helminthic species and HIV status (P = 0.655) but the severity of intestinal helminthiasis was significantly associated with decreasing CD4+ count (P = 0.028). The risk factors for intestinal helminthic infestation examined were similar in both HIV-positive and HIV-negative children (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:

There was a significantly higher prevalence of helminthic infestation among HIV-infected children compared to their HIV-negative counterparts. The severity of intestinal helminthiasis was significantly associated with decreasing CD4+ count.
Relationship between Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelet/Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) and Thrombosis in Patients with Portal Vein Thrombosis (PVT) without Acquired Risk Factor for Thrombosis
Authors: Duygulu ME , Ayyildiz T , Yildirim B , Corba Zorlu BS , Goren I , Bektas A
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Inflammation occurring after vascular endothelial damage plays a role in thrombus formation. Changes in various blood parameters that develop after the inflammatory condition can be used as a marker to predict thrombus.

Aim:

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and portal vein thrombosis (PVT).

Materials and Methods:

After applying the exclusion and inclusion criteria to the patients diagnosed with PVT and followed up in our center between January 2006 and May 2018, a total of 38 patients without acquired risk factors for the development of PVT and 52 healthy controls were included in the study. Clinical features and NLR and PLR at diagnosis were evaluated.

Results:

NLR and PLR values were detected to be significantly higher in patients diagnosed with PVT compared to the control group (P < 0.001 for NLR, P < 0.001 for PLR). Findings were as follows: In acute PVT patients for NLR = 3.645 (area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) 0.886, sensitivity 69.2%, specificity 96.2%, P < 0.001), for PLR = 196.24 (AUROC 0.754, sensitivity 53.2%, specificity 96.2%, P = 0.005), while in chronic PVT patients, for NLR = 3.645 (AUROC 0.744, sensitivity 40%, specificity 96.2%, P = 0.001), and for PLR = 195.93 (AUROC 0.715, sensitivity 44%, specificity 96.2%, P = 0.002).

Conclusion:

NLR and PLR were associated with the diagnosis of PVT. In PVT patients, NLR and PLR values were observed to be significantly higher than the control group. In our study, the relationship between NLR and PLR in patients with noncirrhotic, nonmalignant PVT without acquired risk factors for thrombosis was shown for the first time.
Accelerated Corneal Cross-linking in Pediatric Patients with Progressive Keratoconus: 12-Month Follow-up Results
Authors: Dervişoğulları S , Pelit A
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Purpose:

To evaluate effectiveness and safety of accelerated corneal cross-linking (CXL) in the treatment of keratoconus in pediatric patients.

Setting:

Tertiary care hospital.

Design:

Retrospective observational study.

Methods:

In this study, case series of patients 18 years old or younger with progressive keratoconus who underwent accelerated CXL were observed. All consecutive patients underwent accelerated CXL with setting of 9 mW/cm2 for 10-minute Ultraviolet-A radiation, corresponding to a total dose of 5.4 J/cm2. Preoperative and 12-month postoperative data including uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), best-corrected distance visual acuity (BDVA), keratometry (K) measurements, mean spherical, and cylindrical refraction were evaluated.

Results:

The group consisted of 28 eyes from 14 patients (10 males and 4 females). Mean age of the patients was 16.9 years (11-18 years). UDVA did not change significantly from 0.71 ± 0.54 to 0.65 ± 0.43 logMAR (P = 0.41). BDVA improved significantly from 0.30 ± 0.35 to 0.21 ± 0.34 (P = 0.006). The steep K-value decreased from 48.4 ± 4.3 to 48.0 ± 4.6 diopters, but there was no significant change in steep K-value (P = 0.35). There was no significant change in flat and mean K-value (P > 0.05). Mean spherical and cylindrical refraction were not significantly altered (P > 0.05). One patient with vernal keratoconjunctivitis showed sterile peripheral corneal infiltrates. Patient was treated with topical corticosteroids, antibiotics, and artificial tears.

Conclusion:

The findings revealed that accelerated CXL is an effective and safe procedure that halts the progression of keratoconus in pediatric patients.
Comparing Hearing Loss in Children with Adults Living with Sickle Cell Disease and Sickle Cell Traits
Authors: Ibekwe TS , Rogers C , Ramma L
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

Hearing loss is a neurological sequelae associated with sickle cell disease (SCD) and probably sickle cell trait (SCT) in children and adults but remains understudied.

Aim:

This study aimed to compare the hearing impairment among children and adults living with SCD or SCT.

Methods:

A comparative cross-sectional study conducted in four departments with SCD outpatient clinic in a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. Participants with Sickle cell disease (HbSS) and Sickle cell trait (HbAS) (cohort) and HbAA (control) had comprehensive ear and hearing assessments for sensorineural hearing loss. Audiometric results were categorized according to WHO classifications and data analysed with Statistical Analysis System (SAS 9.4).

Results:

A total of 212 participants (106 cohort and control, respectively), aged 6 months to 55 years, were enrolled. Of these, 35% of children with SCD and 25% with SCT had hearing impairment, while 30% of adults with SCD, 36.1% with SCT, and 11% with HbAA had hearing impairment. There was asymmetry in the hearing impairment, with the left ear more affected in children and the right ear in adults. The odds ratio (OD) of hearing impairment was higher in HbSS (2.48 (95% confidence interval (CI):1.51–4.14); P = 0.0004) and HbAS (2.28 (95% CI: 1.1–4.58); P = 0.02) participants compared with HbAA but was not statistically significant when adjusted for frequency of hospitalization, crises, blood transfusion and routine drugs in HbAS (P = 0.49) unlike HbSS (P = 0.03).

Conclusion:

The prevalence of hearing loss among children and adults with SCD is higher than in those with HbA genotype. The frequency of hospitalization, crises, blood transfusion and taking routine drugs may influence hearing impairment in SCT but may not in SCD.
Assessment of Incidence, Management and Contributory Factors of Root Canal Instrument Separation in an Endodontics Post- Graduate Program: A Retrospective Clinical Study
Authors: Alamoudi RA , Alfarran A , Alnamnakani B , Howait M , Alghamdi NS , Ain TS
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

The successful outcome of nonsurgical root canal treatment (NS-RCT) is largely dependent on the technical quality of the procedure.

Objective:

To investigate the incidence of separated instruments in endodontic postgraduate clinics between January 2018 and December 2021, and to determine the potential contributory factors that increase the risk of instrument separation.

Materials and Methods:

A retrospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Data was collected to determine the incidence of separated instruments and their associated variables. Seven variables were analyzed separately: nonsurgical initial or retreatment case, tooth type, tooth arch, tooth location, canal type, root curvature, level of fracture, and file type.

Results:

A total of 3150 cases were treated, of which 108 cases had separated instruments. The overall incidence of instrument separation was 3.4% while 53.7% of separated instruments occurred in the mandibular molars, followed by 42.6% in the maxillary molars. The highest frequency of instrument separation was recorded in the mesiobuccal canal (35.2%). The level of separation was found to be statistically significant in relation to the management (P < .001).

Conclusion:

Nickel-titanium instruments tend to separate more inside the root canal system than stainless steel instruments. However, under the limitation of this study, the incidence of instrument separation is still quite low, even with postgraduate endodontic residents with limited experience.
Assessment of Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter in Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Double-Blinded Comparison of Propofol and Ketofol Anesthesia
Authors: Demir M , Balkiz Soyal Ö , Aytaç BG
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

ERCP is an endoscopic procedure for the diagnosis and treatment of biliopancreatic system diseases. An increase in intra-abdominal pressure due to the insufflation of air to the intestinal lumen may be transmitted to ICP through the course of ERCP. In this prospective, randomized, controlled double-blinded study, we aimed to assess the ICP change using ultrasonography measurement of ONSD in patients undergoing ERCP comparing the effects of propofol and ketofol anesthesia.

Material/Methods:

One hundred and nine patients undergoing ERCP under propofol or ketofol anesthesia were enrolled in the study. Ultrasonography measurement of ONSD was performed before (T0) and immediately after induction of anesthesia (T1), during sphincterotomy (T2), at the end of procedure (T3), and after the patient is fully awake (T4).

Results:

Comparison of ONSD values and ONSD alteration between groups showed no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). Both groups showed significantly greater changes from T0 to T2 compared with values from T0 to T1, T3, and T4, respectively (P = 0,000). T0 to T3 alteration was also significantly greater than T0 to T1 and T4 change in both groups (P = 0,000).

Conclusions:

ERCP procedure increases intracranial pressure most prominently during sphincterotomy both under propofol or ketofol anesthesia. Further studies are needed to investigate the impact of this phenomenon on adverse clinical outcomes.
О достаточных условиях второго порядка в задаче математического
программирования
Authors: Arutyunov Aram Vladimirovich , Zhukovskiy Sergey Evgenevich
Published: February 2024

Рассматривается задача условной оптимизации гладкой функции, определенной
на банаховом пространстве, с гладкими ограничениями типа равенств и неравенств.
Для нее показано, что в известных достаточных условиях оптимальности второго
порядка можно заменить множество множителей Лагранжа некоторым меньшим
множеством.
Библиография: 12 названий.
Об алгебраических свойствах интегралов
от произведений некоторых гипергеометрических функций
Authors: Gorelov Vasilii Aleksandrovich
Published: February 2024

Рассматриваются неопределенные интегралы
от произведений обобщенных гипергеометрических функций,
удовлетворяющих дифференциальным уравнениям 1-го порядка.
Находятся необходимые и достаточные условия
алгебраической независимости совокупностей таких интегралов
и их значений в алгебраических точках.
Все возникающие при этом алгебраические тождества
найдены в явном виде.
Библиография: 19 названий.
Jet Sense: The Philosophy and the Art of Jet Transport Design
Authors: Pastakia Zarir D.
Published: February 2024

Embark on an exciting aviation journey with Jet Sense, Zarir's groundbreaking book that unveils the intricacies of commercial aircraft design. This work offers an enlightening perspective for aviation enthusiasts and industry professionals. Explore the heart of aircraft design, where market demands shape every curve and detail. Zarir's expertise guides you through the art of compromise, creating aircraft that excel in both function and market appeal. What sets Jet Sense apart is its unwavering focus on the interplay of geometry and integration. From wing design to landing gear integration and more. This book doesn't just analyze – it guides, helping you navigate the complex world of jet transport design. Discover Zarir's innovative approach to initial sizing, tailored for commercial aircraft. Bid farewell to one-size-fits-all solutions and welcome a design philosophy aligned with market needs. Whether you're in single-aisle workhorses or long-haul twin-aisle giants, Jet Sense is your essential companion. Zarir's wealth of meticulously gathered data ensures you work with trusted solutions. Jet Sense is your ultimate resource for commercial aircraft design, a must-have for every designer. Whether you're a pilot, aviation executive, enthusiast, or aerospace professional, prepare for an engaging read that demystifies the secrets of aviation design. Enjoy the journey! ”Jet Sense focuses on commercial aircraft. It is not an introductory aircraft design book covering all types of aircraft. But for commercial aircraft designers, this should be on every designer’s desk.” — Scott Eberhardt Ph.D., Aerospace Consultant and Author of Understanding Flight.
Evaluación de la seguridad y efectividad del intercambio de tenofovir disoproxilo a tenofovir alafenamida en vida real
Authors: Raga Jiménez C , Álvarez Martín T , Ferrando Piqueres R , Aguilar M Juan , Conde Giner S , Usó Blasco J
Published: February 2024

RESUMEN Objetivos: Evaluar la seguridad y efectividad en vida real del intercambio en el tratamiento antirretroviral de tenofovir disoproxilo (TDF) a tenofovir alafenamida (TAF) en pacientes VIH. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo observacional durante 2017 en el que se incluyeron todos los pacientes del departamento de salud en tratamiento con TAF. Se evaluó la población obtenida y además se dividió en dos subgrupos no comparativos según el intercambio realizado: subgrupo 1, de elvitegravir/cobicistat/TDF/emtricitabina (EVG/c/TDF/FTC) a EVG/c/TAF/FTC; y subgrupo 2, de TDF/FTC a TAF/FTC. Para la seguridad se midió antes y después del intercambio: creatinina (Cr), urea y velocidad de filtrado glomerular (VFG). Para la efectividad carga viral (CV) y linfocitos CD4. La CV se tomó como variable binaria interpretándose como pacientes respondedores (<20 copias/mL) o no. Las variables numéricas se expresaron en medianas y las cualitativas en porcentaje e intervalo intercuartílico (IQR). Las pruebas utilizadas fueron W de Wilcoxon y chi cuadrado respectivamente. Resultados: Se obtuvo una muestra de 55 pacientes en los que hubo una variación antes y después del cambio de Cr=0,9 mg/dL (IQR=0,8-1) a Cr=0,8 mg/dL (IQR=0,7-0,9) (p<0,001), de urea=29 mg/dL (IQR=24-36) a urea=28 mg/dL (25-34,5) (p=0,06) y de VFG=92,8 mL/min (79,3-102,1) a VFG=103,6 (IQR=95,9-111,1) (p<0,001). En cuanto a efectividad hubo un incremento desde el 51% al 59,9% (p=0,821) y para CD4 de 668 CD4/mcL (IQR=496-824) a 684 CD4/mcL (IQR=611-807) (p=0,084). Los resultados por subgrupos fueron similares. Conclusiones: Este estudio muestra en una misma población en vida real, que tras el cambio en la sal de tenofovir se mantiene un buen perfil de seguridad con mejora de parámetros analíticos de la función renal sin perjuicio en la efectividad.
Język a proces integracji imigrantów i imigrantek – rola instytucji kultury. Przykład poznański
Authors: Herkt Monika
Published: February 2024

Knowledge of the language of the host country plays a strategical role in the integration process of migrant communities. Language as a component of the culture constitutes a natural acting space for the entities belonging to the cultural sector, in particular for those engaging in non-formal education. Teaching Polish as a second language has a relatively short history in terms of teaching methods as well as organisation of the teaching process itself. Taking into consideration the current migrant situation, the engagement of different organisations into the teaching process becomes of particular importance. The aim of the article is to discuss the role which can be played by the Polish cultural institutions in the integration process through establishing the language and communication accessibility as well as active linguistic and cultural support for children and teens with the migration background. The case study for this article is Poznań and Poznań Heritage Center, local cultural institution, whose main purpose is to popularise, interpret and protect the (cultural) heritage of Poznań through creating a (linguistically) accessible cultural programme and adjusting it to the current needs of the audience.
Narracje o tworzeniu, czyli „ciemność i magia”
Authors: Popiel Magdalena
Published: February 2024

Narratives on Creating, or “Darkness and Magic”

The presence of autothematic narratives in the three basic models of culture – literary, audiovisual and digital – is a crucial factor influencing the diversity and dynamic evolution of the story on creating. The notion of autopoiesis introduced by the neurobiologists and sociologists widens the spectrum of research on creative process in literary texts, and more broadly in texts of culture. In the connection with these two functional aspects of autopoiesis: in the traditions of different medias and multiple research directions analysing the creative process, the author presents three models of modernist novel on creating. The interpretation of Testament by Witold Gombrowicz allows us to indicate, firstly, the process of narrative identity of writer constituting itself; secondly, the metaphor of theatre’s backstage providing autopoiesis with a performative dimension; and thirdly, the poetic rules of storytelling about creation, which build up its epiphanic aura.
IMPLEMETASIKAN NILAI-NILAI PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM PADA KOMUNITAS KELUARGA MUALAF TOBELO KABUPATEN HALMAHERA UTARA
Authors: Minabari Khalid Hasan , Miradj Safri , Naemuddin Rusdi , Rachim Zaitun A
Published: February 2024

Berbicara tentang Pendidikan Islam tentunya tidak lepas dari bagaimana pencapaian pendidikan untuk memajukan Islam dan mencapai cita-cita masyarakat Islam secara umumnya yaitu “Rahmatan lil ‘alamin”. Berbagai asumsi pendidikan telah dipilih dan di adopsi oleh seseorang, sekelompok orang, atau lembaga pendidikan akan berfungsi memberikan dasar rujukan konseptual dalam rangka pendidikan yang dilaksanakannya. Secara umum, dapat dikatakan bahwa falsafah pendidikan adalah memberikan dasar pijakan atau titik tolak bagi seseorang, sekelompok orang atau lembaga dalam rangka pembinaan keluarga berdasakan pada nilai-nilai Islam. Penelitian ini mencoba melihat aspek nilai-nilai dalam pendidikan islam yang yang ditanamkan pada komunitas mualaf ini dalam mendidik anak-anaknya. Dari latar belakang yang dikemukakan, maka peneliti dapat merumuskan permasalahanya dalam penelitian ini sebagai berikut:Bagaimana uapaya mengimplementasikan nilai-nilai Pendidikan islam dalampada komunitas mualaf tobelo? Upaya yang dilakukan oleh kementerian agama Halmahera Utara dalam menananmkan Pendidikan islam dalam keluarga mualaf untuk membentuk keluarga ?. Jenis pendekatan studi kasus ini merupakan jenis pendekatan yangdigunakan untuk menyelidiki dan memahami sebuah kejadian atau masalah yang telahterjadi dengan mengumpulkan berbagai macam informasi yang kemudian diolah untukmendapatkan sebuah solusi agar masalah yang diungkap dapat terselesaikan.Lokasi yang akan menjadi tempat penelitian yaitu Tobelo Kabupaten Halmahera Utara Penelitian ini di rencanakan dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret  sampai Juni 2023. Lokasi yang penelitian ini dipilih karena berdekatan dengan tempetat tinggal peneliti, sehingga mempermudah peneliti dalam pengambilan data. Penerpan pendidikanAgamapadakeluargamualafdiTobelo – Kab. Halmahera Utara, orang tua mualaf mengajarkan pendidikanagama terutama dalam hal ibadah, dengan cara mengajak shalat berjamaa‟ahbersamamembimbinganak-anakuntukshalatberjama‟ahdimasjidmenyekolahkan anak ke Lembaga Pendidikan Islam, mendatangkan guru mengaji kerumah, sertamengajikananak-anak ke TPQ.Orangtuamualafmendidikanakmenggunakan metodeketeladanan, pembiasaan, nasehat, reward (penghargaan) dan hukuman.
Discovery of fecal microbial signatures in patients with ankylosing spondylitis
Authors: You Yuquan , Zhang Wei , Cai Meimei , Guo Qingxin , Wang Jiawen , Cai Yaping , Lin Junsheng
Published: February 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of the gut microbiota in Chinese patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and healthy controls in Quanzhou aiming to explore the correlation between microbiome changes and AS activities.

Patients and methods: In this study, high-throughput sequencing of the gene of 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) in fecal samples from 40 AS patients and 40 healthy controls, for a total of 80 participants (70 males, 10 females; mean age 33.7±10.7 years; range, 15 to 58 years), was conducted between January 2018 and January 2019. Alpha and beta diversity were analyzed using the QIIME (Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology) software, and differences were analyzed using Student’s t-test, linear discriminant analysis coupled with effect size and Metastats. Finally, a correlation network was constructed using Pearson’s analysis.

Results: The alpha index values of the AS group were not significantly different from those of the control group. At the genus level, eight genera, Ruminiclostridium_9, Fusicatenibacter, Adlercreutzia, CAG-56, Intestinimonas, Lachnospira, Bacteroides, and Pseudoflavonifractor, were significantly enriched in patients with AS, whereas the abundance of uncultured_bacterium_f_Saccharimonadaceae, Prevotella_7, uncultured_bacterium_f_ Enterobacteriaceae, Cronobacter, Prevotellaceae_NK3B31_group, and Weissella were significantly decreased in patients with AS. In addition, diseaserelated gut microbial communities were detected in patients with AS.

Conclusion: We found differences in the gut microbiome between the patients with AS and controls and identified potential disease activity-related bacterial communities.
Readmission reasons of pediatric patients diagnosed with multisystem inflammatory syndrome after discharge
Authors: Cem Ela , Kıymet Elif , Böncüoğlu Elif , Şahinkaya Şahika , Yılmaz Çelebi Miray , Gülderen Mustafa , Akaslan Kara Aybüke , Meşe Timur , Ağin Hasan , Bayram Nuri , Devrim İlker
Published: February 2024

Objectives: There is no clear information in the literature about causes of reactivation of multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) or indications for readmissions for MIS-C after discharge; as a result, the conditions that may develop after infection in children with MIS-C were discussed, and the reasons for hospitalization were screened.

Patients and methods: This single-center retrospective study was conducted with 95 patients (65 males, 30 females; mean age: 92.8±55.5 months; range, 5 to 17 months) between November 11, 2020, and December 30, 2021. Children who were rehospitalized in the study center after their discharge with the diagnosis of MIS-C were included in the study, and the indications for readmissions were evaluated.

Results: During the study period, six (6.3%) patients (4 males, 2 females; median age: 114.5 months [interquartile range: 122 months]) had to be rehospitalized. Four of these patients had an underlying disease, while the other two were previously healthy children. Fever was the most common reason for readmissions in half of the patients, while the remaining patients were readmitted with the indications of myocarditis, pneumonia, and posttraumatic pain syndrome.

Conclusion: Although no evidence for the reactivation of MIS-C was detected in patients in the literature, it should also be emphasized that close follow-up of these patients is a must, considering possible cardiac complications.
The impact of COVID-19 on clinical course and treatment among patients with juvenile systemic sclerosis
Authors: Adrovic Amra , Yıldız Mehmet , Haşlak Fatih , Şahin Sezgin , Köker Oya , Günalp Aybüke , Barut Kenan , Kasapçopur Özgür
Published: February 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the influence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic among patients with juvenile systemic sclerosis (JSS).

Patients and methods: Twenty-seven patients (22 females, 5 males; mean age: 20 years; range, 17 to 22 years) diagnosed with JSS and followed up at the department of pediatric rheumatology were included in the cross-sectional study. A web-based survey was performed by focusing on patients’ complaints, accessibility to health care, and compliance with routine treatment from January 1, 2021, to January 10, 2021.

Results: Five (18.5%) patients had deterioration of the disease, while six (22.2%) patients reported irregular usage of their routine scleroderma treatment during the last six months. Nine (33.3%) patients had missed their routine clinic control since the proclamation of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Seven (25.9%) patients had household contact with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Four (14.8%) patients were diagnosed with COVID-19, and only one (3.7%) was hospitalized. Nine patients were under biological treatment (tocilizumab); however, only one of them was diagnosed with COVID-19.

Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has not significantly disrupted the medical care of JSS patients. Telemedicine could be an acceptable option for JSS patients disenabled to come to the hospital.
Evaluation of peripheral nerve involvements in patients with familial Mediterranean fever
Authors: Karabacak Atak , İnan Rahşan , Şen Nesrin
Published: February 2024

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate possible peripheral and autonomic nerve involvement in familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) patients with nerve conduction studies, sympathetic skin response (SSR) and RR interval variability (RRIV).

Patients and methods: The comparative case series was conducted with 76 participants between November 2017 and December 2018. Forty-six FMF patients, [12 with amyloidosis (5 males, 7 females; mean age: 44.7±13.9 years) and 34 without amyloidosis (14 males, 20 females; mean age: 35.9±8.7 years)], and 30 healthy volunteers (11 males, 19 females; mean age: 38.4±10 years) were included in this study. Nerve conduction parameters, SSR latency and amplitude from palmar and plantar responses, and RRIV at rest and deep breathing were studied in all the subjects. Neuropathic symptoms of the patient group were evaluated using the survey of autonomic symptoms scale and the neuropathy disability score.

Results: Nerve conduction studies of the patient group revealed polyneuropathy in seven (15.21%) patients and carpal tunnel syndrome in six (13.04%) patients. The mean amplitudes of SSR measured from the soles were significantly lower than the control group (p=0.041). The mean values of RRIV during rest and hyperventilation were lower in the patient group compared to the control group, but no statistically significant difference was found (p=0.484, p=0.341).

Conclusion: We detected that the prevalence of carpal tunnel syndrome in our patient population (13.04%) was higher than in the general population. Most of the changes in the range of parameters of SSR and RRIV determined in the patient group did not reach statistical significance, suggesting subclinical dysautonomia in FMF patients.
Abrir paso a una educación intercultural para los jóvenes indígenas de Nuevo León
Authors: Sánchez García Juan
Published: February 2024

Este libro, editado por Juan Antonio Doncel y Juan Sordo, muestra en cada capítulo la realidad social de la diversidad étnica, cultural y lingüística de una megaciudad de México: la Zona Metropolitana de Monterrey (ZMM). Esta publicación, que forma parte de la Biblioteca Iberoamericana de Pensamiento de editorial Gedisa, analiza los procesos de reconstrucción identitaria experimentados por los estudiantes indígenas de educación media superior y superior, que han emigrado desde de sus comunidades de origen a la ZMM.
Corea del Norte en el siglo XXI: mitos, discurso y pragmatismo de uno de los regímenes más totalitarios del mundo
Authors:   Servicio Exterior Mexicano, Márdero Jiménez Gabriela Guadalupe
Published: February 2024

El desarrollo nuclear y de misiles de Corea del Norte ha preocupado por décadas. La personalidad aparentemente inestable de su liderazgo ha sido crucial para que este sea percibido como una amenaza a la seguridad mundial. Sin embargo, sus líderes políticos han argumentado que Pyongyang se armó como medida defensiva para garantizar su supervivencia. Esta aclaración no ha sido creíble para la comunidad internacional, quien ha intentado desarmarlo a través de diversos mecanismos. Ahora que Corea del Norte argumenta poseer un arsenal nuclear considerable en lo que diversos analistas y expertos coinciden, un enfoque más útil podría ser reconocerlo como un Estado nuclear y, a partir de ello, retomar las negociaciones internacionales que lo vinculen al mundo y eventualmente lo conlleven al levantamiento de las sanciones internacionales, a fin de mejorar la calidad de la vida diaria de la población norcoreana, principal víctima del aislamiento internacional del régimen.
La expulsión escolar en México vista desde la sociología política de la migración internacional
Authors:   Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Carrillo Eduardo
Published: February 2024

Este artículo presenta una ruta para estudiar la exclusión escolar de niñas, niños y adolescentes mexicanos retornados y binacionales en México empleando nociones analíticas de la sociología política de la migración internacional. El análisis se centra en las prácticas burocráticas de exclusión, los enredos jurídicos asociados a su identidad legal y las decisiones informales de autoridades educativa, que produjeron ingresos obstaculizados en escuelas de educación básica. Por medio de entrevistas con madres en Jalisco, Morelos, Nayarit y Sonora se identificó que el inicio, la continuación y la conclusión de la escolaridad obligatoria sigue condicionada por la obtención de la Clave Única de Registro de Población (CURP) en el país y que las consecuencias de no tenerla producen desenlaces desfavorables en la educación de migrantes internacionales en México como el no ingreso, el rezago escolar y, en el caso de los menores binacionales, el retorno a Estados Unidos para continuar los estudios o iniciar su trayectoria laboral.
El peuple etnofeminista: movimientos etnopopulistas, mujeres indígenas y violencia política en América Latina (1934-1990)
Authors:   École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales - Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Urbieta Hernández Roque
Published: February 2024

El etnofeminismo es una variante del populismo real que surgió dentro del movimiento etnopopulista crítico en el momento de luchas contra la dominación patriarcal y la consciencia de igualdad articulando reivindicaciones populares y demandas democráticas por la justicia de género y la dignidad étnica en contextos de desigualdades histórico-estructurales. Desea como estrategia revolucionaria la producción de pueblo-nación radical, polarizado, plural, flexible y heterogéneo. En este artículo analizaré el devenir pueblo etnofeminista en América Latina a partir del testimonio de una mujer zapoteca en el marco de la violencia política en México. Con su historia de vida reconstruiré el hacer-comunidad limitada en experiencia de las mujeres indígenas en el interior de los movimientos etnopopulistas marxistas contemporáneos. Repensando el devenir pueblo etnofeminista como evidencia empírica, este artículo contribuye en reflexionar sobre la combinación de los estudios étnicos, de género, populismos y violencia política en sociedades multiculturales neoliberales.
O IMPACTO DAS MÍDIAS DIGITAIS NA EDUCAÇÃO
Authors: Dias Artenizia Leonel , Silva Claudia Kreuzberg da , Rios Ferdinando Sampaio , Oliveira Ricardo Furtado de , Santos Sonia Araújo dos
Published: February 2024

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo trazer uma reflexão bibliográfica acerca do impacto das mídias digitais na educação. É de conhecimento de todos que as mídias digitais facilitam muito o cotidiano da sociedade, especialmente a comunicação, o trabalho e a área educacional.  Para isso, discutiu-se sobre a utilização das mídias digitais na criação de conteúdos educacionais, a utilização de multimídia e hipermídia na educação e realidade da educação atual. Assim, a problemática foi como a educação tem utilizado as mídias digitais para desenvolver conteúdos pedagógicos e: quais possibilidades essas tecnologias oferece no contexto educacional? A metodologia aplicada foi de pesquisa bibliográfica com material encontrado em repositórios acadêmicos como Google Acadêmico e ScieLO com a utilização de 9 referências com relevância para a temática em questão. Os possíveis resultados foram que as mídias digitais têm sido indispensáveis para o processo de ensino e aprendizagem dos alunos, mostrando que a utilização adequada dessas ferramentas possibilita o desenvolvimento educacional.
PRECONCEITO LINGUÍSTICO E A IDENTIDADE LINGUÍSTICA DOS ALUNOS DA EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS (EJA)
Authors: Nascimento Maraléia Silva Nogueira do , Fonteles Antonia Jane Cleide Sampaio , Ferreira Ana Paula Freitas , Araújo Fábio José de , Santos Flávia Maria Matos Santos dos
Published: February 2024

O preconceito linguístico é um problema real e atinge milhares de pessoas, porém muitas vezes, a nomenclatura é desconhecida, por isso, seus impactos podem ser suprimidos. Pessoas que não tiveram a oportunidade de estudar na idade certa e precisam voltar a estudar em escolas regulares, seja para encontrar melhores oportunidades no mercado de trabalho ou não, se deparam com vários desafios, além disso, parte dos professores que atendem esse público não possui formação adequada, o que pode ocasionar problemas relacionados a frequência dos alunos e/ou evasão escolar. Assim, este trabalho tem como proposta descrever se o preconceito linguístico pode provocar situações problema aos EJA. Considerando A Língua de Eulália e O Preconceito Linguístico de Marcos Bagno, além de autores como Vygotsky, Koch e Marcusch, a linguagem oral será o foco da pesquisa.