bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of dentoalveolar changes following maxillary incisor intrusion with one vs two anterior miniscrews in subjects with gummy smile: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: M Manikandan , Das Surya Kanta , Barik Ashish Kumar , Raj Subash Chandra , Mishra Mitali , Rath Sunil Kumar , Sah Sushila
Published: August 2024

Objectives

To examine dentoalveolar changes following intrusion of maxillary incisors with one or two anterior miniscrews in subjects with gummy smile and deep bite.

Materials and Methods

Forty-three subjects were selected and divided into two groups: group I (22 subjects: 15 women, 7 men; mean age 30 ± 10 years) received one miniscrew between the upper central incisors, and group II (21 subjects: 16 women, 5 men; mean age 30 ± 10 years) received two miniscrews between the canines and lateral incisors. Dentoalveolar parameters, including amount of intrusion, root resorption, incisor inclination, alveolar bone thickness, and buccal alveolar crest height (cementoenamel junction to labial alveolar crest), were evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography scans obtained before and after intrusion. The intergroup comparison was analyzed using a paired t-test and unpaired t-test to determine significant changes within and between groups.

Results

The amount of intrusion was significantly greater in group II than in group I (P < .05). No statistically significant differences were found between groups I and II for changes in incisor inclination, labial bone thickness, and buccal alveolar crest height (P > .05).

Conclusions

Maxillary central and lateral incisor intrusion was significantly greater in subjects treated with two miniscrews. Root resorption of the maxillary central incisors was notably greater in subjects with one miniscrew, while maxillary lateral incisor resorption was greater in subjects treated with two miniscrews.
High-intensity interval training, caloric restriction, or their combination have beneficial effects on metabolically acquired peripheral neuropathy
Authors: A. Eid Stéphanie , E. Elzinga Sarah , Kim Bhumsoo , E. Rumora Amy , M. Hayes John , Carter Andrew , Pacut Crystal , M. Allouch Adam , J. Koubek Emily , L. Feldman Eva
Published: August 2024

ABSTRACT

Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a prevalent and debilitating complication of obesity, prediabetes, and type 2 diabetes, which remains poorly understood and lacks disease-modifying therapies. Fortunately, diet and/or exercise have emerged as effective treatment strategies for PN. Here, we examined the impact of caloric restriction (CR) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) interventions, alone or combined (HIIT-CR), on metabolic and PN outcomes in high-fat diet (HFD) mice. HFD feeding alone resulted in obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, and PN. Peripheral nerves isolated from these mice also developed insulin resistance (IR). CR and HIIT-CR, but not HIIT alone, improved HFD-induced metabolic dysfunction. However, all interventions improved PN to similar extents. When examining the underlying neuroprotective mechanisms in whole nerve, we found that CR and HIIT-CR activate the fuel-sensing enzyme AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). We then performed complimentary in vitro work in Schwann cells, the glia of peripheral nerve. Treating primary Schwann cells with the saturated fatty acid palmitate to mimic prediabetic conditions caused IR, which was reversed by the AMPK activator, AICAR. Together, these results enhance our understanding of PN pathogenesis, the differential mechanisms by which diet and exercise may improve PN, and Schwann cell-specific contributions to nerve insulin signaling and PN progression.

KEYWORDS: Caloric restriction, diabetes, high-fat diet, high-intensity interval training, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, obesity, peripheral neuropathy, prediabetes

ARTICLE HIGHLIGHTS:

· Diet and exercise are recommended for treating peripheral neuropathy in prediabetes.

· To identify the optimal regimen and the underlying neuroprotective mechanisms, we compared the effects of caloric restriction (CR), high-intensity interval training (HIIT), and their combination (HIIT-CR), on metabolic and neuropathy outcomes following high-fat diet feeding.

· While all interventions improved neuropathy, CR and HIIT-CR, but not HIIT alone, improved metabolic profiles and promoted insulin sensitivity in peripheral nerves of high-fat diet mice. In vitro, palmitate-treated Schwann cells developed insulin resistance, which was reversed by AMPK activation.

· CR, alone or combined with HIIT, ameliorates neuropathy by restoring nerve insulin sensitivity.
Hyvän tietopohjan kriteereitä
Authors: Avoimen tieteen ja tutkimuksen koordinaatio
Published: August 2024

Yhteiskunnan luottamus tutkittuun tietoon nojaa vahvasti hyvien tutkimuskäytäntöjen noudattamiseen. Tutkimustietoa hyödynnetään yhteiskunnallisen päätöksentekoprosessin eri vaiheissa. Tutkitulla tiedolla voidaan taustoittaa hallituksen esitysten tavoitteita ja perustella toimenpiteiden merkitystä tavoitteiden saavuttamiseksi. Yhteiskunnallisen päätöksenteon luotettavuus perustuu päätöksenteon asianmukaisuuteen ja riippumattomuuteen. Lainvalmistelussa ja yhteiskunnallisessa päätöksenteossa käytetyn tietopohjan monipuolisuus ja dokumentointi lisäävät prosessin avoimuutta ja mahdollistavat päätösten arvioitavuutta. Tieteellistä tutkimusta tekevissä organisaatioissa tutkijoita ohjaavat hyvät tieteelliset käytännöt, jotka osaltaan tukevat toimintakulttuurin avoimuutta. Tämä dokumentti on Avoimen tieteen ja tutkimuksen kansallisen koordinaation suositus, joka toimii täydentävänä ohjeistuksena toimintakulttuurin avoimuuden linjaukselle. Suositus on suunnattu eritoten lainvalmistelijoille ja siihen on koottu parhaita käytäntöjä hyvän tietopohjan koostamisesta pohjautuen vastuullisen tieteen periaatteisiin. Suosituksen keskeisenä tarkoituksena on toimia täydentävänä ohjeena  Hallituksen esitysten laatimisohjeelle.
A LITERATURE REVIEW ON ETHNOBOTANICAL, PHYTOCHEMICAL, AND PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF ADONIDIA MERRILLII (BECC.) BECC
Authors: Rahma Setiyanto Afif Eka , Taufiqurrahman Maulana Daffa , Wachid Nisa Nabila Aufa , Siswanto Dian
Published: August 2024

This paper presents the ethnobotanical information, phytochemical content, and pharmacological activities of Adonidia merrillii. Ethnobotanical studies of A. merrillii in several countries such as the Philippines, Nigeria, India, Malaysia, and Indonesia revealed that this palm is known as an ornamental plant and is also utilized for medicinal purposes such as diarrhea, toothache, psychostimulant, and treat malnourished. Furthermore, A. merrillii holds cultural significance, often being incorporated into ceremonial practices. Previous studies reported various phytoconstituents detected in fruit pericarp, leaf, kernel seed oil, and flower. The phytoconstituents are flavonoids, saponins, tannins, coumarins, phenolics, and others. Fruit pericarp and seed extract have potential against various cancer cells. The fruit pericarp methanol extract is adequate against pathogenic bacteria due to its fatty acid content in different mechanisms. Flavonoids in seed extract are used as antidiarrheal agents, and the flavonoid effectivity increases when they are combined with lactic acid probiotic bacteria. Antioxidant activity was reported obtained from the fruit and pericarp extracts. Based on ethnobotanical studies and scientific research, A. merrillii has great potential and can be developed as a medicine in further research.
NUTRITIONAL PROFILING OF INDONESIAN SUPERIOR HYBRID AND BIOFORTIFICATION RICE VARIETIES: MACRONUTRIENT AND MICRONUTRIENT CHANGES UNDER DIFFERENT HEAT TEMPERATURES
Authors: Kurnianingsih Nia , Safitri Anna , Septianingrum Elis , Ardhiyanti Shinta Dewi , Fatchiyah Fatchiyah
Published: August 2024

Indonesia has developed rice varieties which are superior in cultivation yield. However, lack of information about the nutritional value and optimal temperature to preserve the nutrient content. This study was purposed to determine the nutritional values and micronutrient changes in different heat temperatures. Three varieties of rice namely Jeliteng black rice (JT), Inpari Arumba red rice (AR), and Inpari IR Nutri Zinc white rice (NZ) were analysed during September-October of 2021. Rice was provided from Indonesian Rice Research Centre, East Java, Indonesia. Macronutrient, lipid analysis, dietary fibre, sugar, salt, and micronutrient (vitamin and mineral) were analysed by proximate analysis, gas chromatography, enzymatic gravimetry, luff schoorl method, titrimetric, ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) respectively. All analyses were performed in duplicate. Rice of NZ had the highest protein and dietary fibre content with lowest moisture level. Kalium, magnesium, manganese, and zinc were mainly found in AR rice. However, vitamins were generally found in JT rice. Heating mostly diminished the vitamin B3, B7 and E in all rice, vitamin C in NZ rice as well as iron in colored rice. This study provided fundamental nutritional data for Indonesian rice superior variety. Future explorations are necessary for optimizing the process of milling, cooking, and fortification to maintain micronutrient values in these potential varieties.
THE VIRTUAL ANTIVENOM PREDICTION OF TAMARIND COMPOUNDS AS INHIBITOR AGAINST OPHIOPHAGUS HANNAH PHOSPHOLIPASE A2
Authors: Zahira Najma , Kurnianingsih Nia , Kurniwan Nia
Published: August 2024

Ophiophagus hannah has significant medical important among snakebite cases. The enzyme Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is crucial for venom impacts in life threatening symptoms. However, specific antivenom against this species remains under explored. This study aimed to analyze the potential of secondary metabolites from tamarind as PLA2 protein inhibitor specifically from Ophiophagus hannah venom using in-silico approaches. The sequences and three-dimensional structure of the PLA2 protein from O. hannah were physicochemicaly predicted using ProtParam. Virtual screening, drug-likeness, pharmacokinetic, and toxicity profiles of metabolite compound from Tamarind was performed using SwissADME. All ligands were downloaded from PubChem database. Molecular docking was carried out using PyRx and visualized using Discovery Studio 2016 software. All tamarind’s compounds are safe for long term administration because they displayed minimum risk for hepatotoxicity and AMES. The best interaction of secondary metabolites with PLA2 is owned by quercetin. Future in-vitro and in vivo studies are needed to evaluate the use of secondary metabolite compounds as specific alternatives of antivenoms.
Análisis de las fortalezas y debilidades de la gestión educativa actual para proponer oportunamente un modelo educativo metamórfico
Authors: León Dávila Luis Alejandro , Sánchez Cervantes Claudia Fabiola , Sánchez Duarte Karen
Published: August 2024

Este trabajo tiene como objetivo proponer un modelo educativo para las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) que responda de mejor manera a la realidad y contexto actual caracterizado por la transformación tecnológica. Mediante la revisión de investigaciones previas relacionadas con la Educación Superior (ES) se buscó identificar posibles fortalezas, debilidades, oportunidades y amenazas de los sistemas de educación superior que tuvieran impacto en los modelos educativos; por consiguiente se construyó un cuestionario basado en esa información, dicho instrumento consta de 40 ítems y se difundió de manera electrónica; con base en las respuestas de 31 académicos se construyó una matriz FODA y se muestra el panorama actual de los sistemas de educación superior que a la postre afectan los modelos educativos.
El análisis elaborado muestra la necesidad de fortalecer la gestión del conocimiento, aumentar los programas curriculares enfocados a acrecentar valores y responsabilidad social, aprovechar el entorno, diversificar recursos, entre otros. Dentro de los rasgos representativos de la propuesta se rescata la gestión de redes y el financiamiento diversificado, así como considerar el papel de los docentes tanto en el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje como en la gestión de las universidades. Como resultado, se plantea un modelo educativo que contemple: 1. Un modelo académico flexible; centrado en el aprendizaje para toda la vida e integral; y, 2. Un modelo administrativo caracterizado por formas de gestión del conocimiento, con formas de trabajo colaborativas principalmente en redes; que responda a las demandas sociales y a las propias necesidades internas.
Escritura académica en educación superior. Dificultades y desarrollo de saberes con apoyo de las TIC
Authors: Murrieta Ortega Raymundo
Published: August 2024

El objetivo de la investigación fue mejorar la redacción de textos académicos en estudiantes de educación superior mediante un taller que tuvo como base el uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC), impartido a los alumnos de sexto semestre en cuatro programas de licenciatura de una Escuela Normal del centro de la República Mexicana. Se realizó una evaluación para identificar los factores que dificultan la elaboración de textos académicos. El estudio es cualitativo enmarcado en el diseño narrativo, los medios para recabar la información fueron la entrevista en grupos focales, la observación y el diario de campo. El total de participantes en el estudio fueron 35 estudiantes, 30 mujeres y 5 hombres de entre 20 y 22 años. En el desarrollo del taller se utilizaron como ejes rectores los sitios digitales: centro de recursos para la escritura académica (CREA) del Tecnológico de Monterrey y la plataforma classroom. El análisis de la información se realizó mediante la codificación directa y axial. Los resultados demuestran que las propuestas pedagógicas que utilizan las TIC son de gran utilidad para el desarrollo de saberes escriturales en los estudiantes de Educación Superior.
PERAN PENDIDIKAN DALAM MELESTARIKAN TRADISI BERULEM/MENYILAQ (Studi di Desa Marong Kecamatan Praya Timur Kabupaten Lombok Tengah)
Authors: Budiman Budiman
Published: August 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui ke eksistensian tradisi Berulem/ Menyilaq, tantangan dan solusi apa saja yang dialami oleh tradisi Berulem/ Menyilaq di era globalisasi, dan apa saja peran pendidikan dalam melestarikan tradisi Berulem/ Menyilaq di Desa Marong, Kecamatan Praya Timur, Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan field research (penelitian lapangan). Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu metode observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Selanjutnya untuk menganalisis data yang digunakan adalah dengan metode teknik analisis data. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ke eksistensian tradisi Berulem/ Menyilaq ini masih sangat dijaga kelestariannya di Desa Marong, Kecamatan Praya Timur, Kabupaten Lombok Tengah. Tantangan yang dihadapi oleh tradisi ini ada 2 (dua) yaitu dari segi internal dan eksternal. Solusi yang di terapkan di Desa Marong yaitu dengan membuat Paguyuban Adat Marong. Paguyuban Adat disini memberikan edukasi-edukasi terkait nilai-nilai sosial terhadap pembelajaran yang di dapat dalam tradisi-tradisi yang ada di Desa Marong termasuk juga tradisi Berulem/ Menyilaq ini.
Does the Attachment between a Father and His Child Boost Adolescents' Self-Esteem in Minangkabau?
Authors: Aulia Rahmadianti , Shabri Irsyad
Published: August 2024

Adolescents with low self-esteem often exhibit negative social behavior. Teens with lower self-esteem are believed to be those who do not have a strong bond with or are not linked to their fathers. This study aims to investigate how parenting practices, in particular father-child connection, impact the self-esteem of teenagers in the Minangkabau community. The study involved 166 teens from the ethnic group of Minangkabau. The Self Esteem Scale and the IPPA-R for Children were used to assess the variables, and simple linear regression was used to analyze the data using SPSS 25. The results show that father-child bonding in parenting has a substantial impact on teenagers' self-esteem in Minangkabau.
Ocenka biosovmestimosti diffuzionnyh kamer v eksperimental'noj modeli implantacii na sosudisto-nervnom puchke
Authors: Марзоль Е. А. , Дворниченко М. В. , Митряйкин Н. С. , Апаршев Н. А.
Published: August 2024

Polikaprolakton kak material pri sozdanii nanokompozitnyh struktur dostatochno izuchen s pozicii terapevticheskogo effekta i bezopasnosti primeneniya. Odnako ego biosovmestimost' v vide ob"emnyh makrokamer-nositelej ostaetsya predmetom diskussii vvidu izmeneniya sposoba 3D-pechati. Cel'yu raboty bylo opredelit' biosovmestimost' diffuzionnoj kamery iz polikaprolaktona pri ee implantacii na bedrennyj sosudisto-nervnyj puchok krysy. Issledovanie provodili na polovozrelyh krysah-samcah linii Wistar. ZHivotnym gruppy 1 (eksperimental'naya, n = 4) provodili implantaciyu diffuzionnoj kamery iz polikaprolaktona na bedrennyj sosudisto-nervnyj puchok. V gruppu 2 (kontrol'naya, n = 3) voshli intaktnye krysy. V hode makroskopicheskoj ocenki ne bylo vyyavleno patologicheskih izmenenij na meste implantacii i v organah-mishenyah. Pri mikroskopii tkanej ne vyyavleno sistemnoj reakcii, kolichestvo dvuyadernyh gepatocitov sostavilo 1,05%. Pokazateli stromal'no-parenhimatoznogo otnosheniya sostavili: pechen' — 1/33,20, nadpochechniki — 1/19,53, pochki — 1/23,65, selezenka — 1/26,52. Na 40-e sutki kartina krovi vklyuchala v sebya povyshenie chisla limfocitov na 4%, umen'shenie segmentoyadernyh nejtrofilov na 17% i monocitov na te zhe 17%. Eti rezul'taty podtverzhdayut bezopasnost' ispol'zovaniya diffuzionnoj kamery iz polikaprolaktona i ee biosovmestimost' pri postanovke na krupnye sosudistno-nervnye puchki, odnako vliyanie produktov biodegradacii polikaprolaktona trebuet bolee shirokogo issledovaniya pri bolee dlitel'nyh srokah biointegracii.
Kearifan Lokal Berbasis Mitigasi Bencana sebagai Pengembangan Materi pada Mata Kuliah Kearifan Lokal Budaya Sumatera Utara
Authors: Febryani Ayu , Puspitawati Puspitawati , Malau Waston , Rulyani Ayu , Lubis Dinda Rizky Fadillah
Published: August 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan bentuk kearifan lokal berbasis mitigasi bencana pada kelompok etnik di Kabupaten Karo dan Langkat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah kualitatif dengan pendekatan naturalistik. Pendekatan penelitian ini diterapkan untuk mengamati secara natural aktivitas budaya masyarakat dalam kaitannya dengan kearifan lokal berbasis mitigasi bencana. Hasil penelitian diuraikan bahwa terdapat kearifan lokal berbasis mitigasi bencana di Kabupaten Langkat dan Karo, diantaranya ritual tolak bala, ritual jamu laut, dan pelestarian pohon mangrove di Desa Jaring Halus, dan tradisi sarilala di Desa Tiganderket. Selanjutnya, data temuan disusun dalam pengembangan materi ajar untuk direfleksikan kembali dengan kondisi perkembangan kognitif, sikap, dan perilaku peserta didik dalam memahami upaya menjaga lingkungan secara lokal. Penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi acuan terhadap pengembangan materi ajar pada mata kuliah Kearifan Lokal Budaya Sumatera Utara dan memberikan kontribusi dalam mengembangkan dan menerapkan usaha pencegahan bencana melalui pelestarian kearifan lokal.
Fungsi dan Makna Upacara Peringatan Hari Dewi Saraswati di Pura Agung Raksa Bhuana Medan
Authors: Hasibuan Ulfa Ganti , Sembiring Endang Alemisa , Alfialita Vini , Zannah Liadi , Maharani Maharani , Lubis Masita , Syafina Rahmi , Ginting Anisa Stepani Br , Fauziah Fauziah , Barus Nia Tesalonika Br , Fatmawati Eka , Suharyanto Agung
Published: August 2024

Adapun tujuan dari penelitian kami ini, Untuk mengetahui urutan tata acara komponen-komponen dan fungsi dan makna upacara peringatan hari Dewi Saraswati bagi umat Hindu Bali di Kota Medan. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian Deskriptif. Sedangkan pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Jalan Polonia No. 216 tepatnya berada di pura Agung Raksa Bhuana sebagai pura satu-satunya yang ada di Kota Medan. urutan tata acara tahap pertama pemujaan dan untuk orang yang membagikannya tidak harus seseorang yang memimpin didalam upacara, bunga yang dibagikan tadi dimasukkan kedalam saku. yang dilakukan adalah memasukkan bunga dan menyan yang tadi dipakai dalam berdoa ke dalam pedupaan, komponen-komponennya yakni air, api, dan tanah.    Fungsi Upacara Hari Raya Saraswati dilakukan sebagai persembahan terhadap Dewi Saraswati dewi pelindung dan pelimpah pengetahuan, kesadaran (widya), dan sastra. Makna Ketiga komponen diatas melambangkan keberadaan tuhan, api sebagai dewa brahma, air sebagai symbol dewa wisnu, bunga sebagai simbol dewa siwa.
Detection Of The Thermal Front Using The Cayula-Cornillon Alghorithm: A Case Study Of The State Fisheries Management Area 713, Indonesia
Authors: Yusuf Muhammad , Maddatuang Maddatuang , Malik Abdul , Sukri Irwansyah , Andariana Andi
Published: August 2024

Thermal fronts are pivotal in shaping the marine ecosystem, influencing the presence and distribution of marine species. This study delves into the fluctuating patterns of thermal fronts in Indonesian waters, specifically focusing on the State Fisheries Management Area of the Republic of Indonesia, known as WPPNRI, 713. We identified the distribution and frequency of thermal fronts across different monsoon seasons. Utilizing the extended Cayula Cornillon Algorithm â€“ Single Image Edge Detection (CCA-SIED), we deploy a precise methodology for detecting these fronts, relying on sea surface temperature (SST) gradients to identify specific periods and regions. Our analysis encompasses extensive satellite data collected from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) level 3. Our findings unveil distinct seasonal variations, with a decrease in thermal fronts during the west monsoon and a surge during the east monsoon. Moreover, we identify regional disparities, with denser thermal fronts observed in the southern and middle regions compared to the northern areas. Furthermore, our study underscores the critical need to integrate oceanographic data with fisheries management strategies to address the impacts of climate variability on marine resources. The observed relationships between thermal fronts, nutrient distribution, and fish migration emphasize the necessity for ongoing, localized monitoring to develop adaptive management solutions. This research marks a significant step in characterizing thermal fronts in WPPNRI 713, laying the groundwork for future investigations into other ecologically significant fronts, including those related to chlorophyll, salinity, and nutrients, thereby enhancing our understanding of marine ecosystem dynamics.Keywords:Â Cayula Cornillon; Fishing Zone; Marine Ecosystem; Sea Surface Temperature; Thermal Fronts
Analysis of Multiple Choice HOTS Test Questions on the Final Semester Assessment
Authors: Panjaitan Budi Rahmah , Ningrum Epon , Waluya Bagja
Published: August 2024

Assessment is essential in the education system to monitor educational development and make appropriate instructional decisions. This study aims to analyze the quality of multiple choice questions based on high-level thinking skills (HOTS) in the Geography subject using Anates Windows Version 4.0.9 software. This evaluative research involves analysis of final semester exam questions for class X Geography at SMA Islam Al Azhar 14 Semarang. Data consisting of questions, answer keys and exam results were collected from 32 students. The analysis was carried out descriptively and quantitatively to assess the level of difficulty, discriminating power, reliability, effectiveness of distractors, and validity of the questions. The analysis results show that the difficulty level of most of the questions is in the medium category (50%). The discriminating power is mostly good, although several questions are wrong or bad. Most of the distractors worked well, but some questions had ineffective distractors.Â Regarding validity, 17 questions were valid, while 11 questions were invalid. The reliability of the test is in the high category, with a reliability coefficient of 0.71. Anates Windows Version 4.0.9 software effectively analysed the quality of HOTS questions. These findings indicate that although most of the questions are of good quality, some require revision to increase their validity and effectiveness. This research emphasizes the importance of using technology in educational assessment to ensure the quality and fairness of exam questions. It contributes to developing assessment tools to improve students' higher-order thinking skills.Keywords: Item Analysis; Multiple Choice; HOTS; SMA Islam Al-Azhar
Electoral system: concept and elements
Authors: Ivasiuk O. I.
Published: August 2024

The article focuses on the approaches towards understanding the concept of the electoral system, which may be the subject of research outside the field of law. The author distinguishes different opinions of foreign and Ukrainian scholars on the term “electoral system”, in particular, narrow and broad interpretation. The author analyzes the elements which inherently fill and reveal the concept of the electoral system.
The article provides an overview of scientific research and concepts that study electoral systems, including the works of prominent Ukrainian and foreign scholars, as well as documents of international organizations and institutions. The author analyzes different approaches to the interpretation of the concept of “electoral system”, its legal nature and key elements that have a significant impact on the formation of elected bodies and the organization of electoral processes, and further establishment of democratic principles.
The author presents various positions on the elements through which the concept of the electoral system is revealed, such as the electoral formula, electoral district, method of expressing the will of voters, structure of the ballot and the process of filling it out, method of voting, etc. The author shows the importance of these elements and how they are reflected in the definition and modification of different types of electoral systems.
The author emphasizes the need for further study of the concept of an electoral system and its system-forming elements, which allow constructing an appropriate type of electoral system, in the context of Ukraine’s experience in organizing and conducting elections. This will have a positive impact on the process of improving the electoral systems used in the formation of elected bodies at the legislative level, which will consequently contribute to ensuring greater transparency of a number of electoral procedures, obtaining fair results and minimizing the risks of their distortion. The author outlines the problem of periodic unsystematic changes in electoral systems in the formation of elected bodies in Ukraine, which in turn generates negative trends in the decline of citizens’ electoral culture, trust in the results of voters’ expression of will and unpredictable consequences in the socio-political context.
Modern youth policy in the context of realization of fundamental national interests of Ukraine
Authors: Panasiuk V. M.
Published: August 2024

The article explores the relationship between youth policy and civil society institutions, as well as their impact on ensuring fundamental national interests targeted by state policies in the sphere of national security and defense. In current conditions, when the country faces numerous challenges and threats, the role of youth in strengthening national security becomes particularly significant. Youth policy is regarded as an important element of the humanitarian space that promotes the formation of a resilient and patriotic society capable of effectively countering internal and external threats. This necessitates new approaches to shaping policies aimed at integrating youth into processes of socio-economic and political development.
An important aspect of the conducted research is the identification of mechanisms through which youth policy can contribute to strengthening national security. Specifically, emphasis is placed on the role of youth civil organizations as significant actors in this process, fostering the development of active civic engagement, patriotism, and increasing the level of social responsibility among youth. Youth civil organizations, like civil society institutions, can act as partners to the state in addressing socio-economic and political issues that directly affect national security. The conducted research provides grounds to argue that youth policy can be an instrument for strengthening national security through supporting youth initiatives and integrating youth into decision-making processes.
The adoption of a series of normative legal acts and program documents regarding the legal support of the implementation of youth policy, unfortunately, did not completely solve deep-seated problems (paternalism; lack of dialectical connection between programmatic documents and legislative acts; inefficiency and a formal approach to monitoring, etc.). The Euro-integration direction of Ukrainian policy dictates not only the normative establishment of “participation-based policy” but also the implementation of advanced European practices.
Combating cyberbullying as ensuring the child right to safety
Authors: Pylypyshyna I. I.
Published: August 2024

The modern digital world opens up many opportunities for communication, learning, and entertainment. However, along with these opportunities, the number of threats is also increasing. The development of information technologies is accompanied by a rapid spread of offenses in this area. Cyberbullying, as a form of digital violence, has become a serious threat to children in the virtual space. It is a dynamic phenomenon, because it is becoming more dangerous every year, and the number of people affected by it is increasing. Cyberbullying violates not only emotional and social well-being but also security, which is one of the fundamental human rights.
Given the increasing digitization of society and the increase in the number of online interactions, understanding and effectively combating cyberbullying is becoming an extremely important component of creating a safe and healthy environment for children’s development.
The scientific research is devoted to the investigation of the problem of cyberbullying how to ensure a child right to safety in the online environment.
The article analyzes various aspects of cyberbullying, including approaches to defining the concept by foreign and Ukrainian scientists, its types, and consequences for children’s development. An analysis of the legislation was carried out, and the effectiveness of the measures provided by it to prevent and counteract the above-mentioned phenomenon was analyzed. The role of educational institutions and their effectiveness in combating cyberbullying has been studied.
It was concluded that there is no single approach to defining the concept of cyberbullying and its types. It was said that the negative impact can have various manifestations and can be both psychological and physical. It was also concluded that there are problems in the effectiveness of measures aimed at combating cyberbullying.
The conclusions of the article indicate the importance of a comprehensive approach to the problem of cyberbullying and the need for joint efforts of all interested parties to create a safe online environment for children, forming a model of responsible behavior in cyberspace. The need to develop and implement effective strategies against cyberbullying aimed at ensuring and protecting the child right to safety is emphasized.
Elements of evidence in civil jurisdiction and notary proceedings
Authors: Barankova V.
Published: August 2024

This article covers research in the comparative aspect of the process of procuring evidence in civil proceedings and notarial proceedings, specific features of the elements of evidence in the notarial process, the peculiarities of the rules for determining the factual material to be established when a specific notarial act is performed, and the submission of evidence to support them.
The essence of the proceduralists’ scientific discussion regarding the definition of the concept of evidence, its elements and subjects, as well as the obligations of evidence are covered. On the basis of the analysis of the positions of the authors expressed in the science of civil procedural law, which substantiate the opposite approaches to the mentioned issues, it is determined that the basis of this scientific discussion is the disagreement of views on the court as a subject of evidence.
It is recognized that filling the terms “evidence” and “proving” with different meanings is not convincing, is not based on current procedural legislation and does not meet the interests of law enforcement practice.
The article proves that the exclusion of the court from the subjects of evidence (even in relation to such an element as the collection of said evidence) contradicts the rules of evidence provision established in the current civil procedural legislation.
It is concluded that such elements of evidence as indication of facts, determination of evidence, collection of evidence, research of evidence, evaluation of evidence are characteristic of civil proceedings. At the same time, it is advisable to determine the composition of subjects not for the entire procuring evidence process as a whole, but separately for each of the specified elements. For example, the court is not the subject of presenting evidence, but is the subject of research and evaluation of evidence.
Evidence in a notarial process is considered as a procedural activity of notarial bodies and interested subjects of notarial proceedings, aimed at establishing legal facts necessary for the issuance of a legal and substantiated notarial act.
The article substantiates that the establishment of the presence or absence of certain legal facts, with which the possibility of applying the relevant norm is connected, is carried out only within the scope of the procuring evidence process, according to special rules that provide for the rights and obligations of the subjects of notarial proceedings regarding submission, research and evaluation evidence, and have significant differences from similar rules in civil proceedings due to the undisputed nature of notarial activity.
Training of police actions in emergency situations in war conditions
Authors: Pylypiv R. M. , Veselov M. Yu. , Yednak D. D.
Published: August 2024

The article expands the theoretical and practical understanding of the state of civil security in the conditions of war and the problems of systematic purposeful training of police officers on actions in emergency situations, as well as organizational measures to solve them. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the scientific and theoretical foundations and develop practical recommendations for the organization of systematic training of police officers for actions in emergency situations in war conditions. The understanding of the tasks of the National Police during the response and liquidation of the consequences of emergency situations has been improved, it is emphasized that in wartime they perform not only purely law enforcement (police) functions, but also the tasks of civil protection of the population. It is proven that in order to ensure the systematicity of this process, the training of police officers in the specified direction should begin from the moment of their education in institutions of higher education with specific training conditions. Outlined forms of acquisition of theoretical knowledge and/or skills by students (cadets) of higher education institutions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs regarding actions in emergency situations. It was established that systematic and purposeful training of cadets (police officers) on actions in emergency situations (on matters of civil protection), in accordance with the requirements of the current legislation, especially in specialty 081 «Law», as well as at the second (master’s) level of higher education in institutions of higher education education of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine is not happening now. The inclusion in the educational and professional programs for the training of cadets (police) in specialties 081 «Law», 262 «Law enforcement» at the first and second levels of higher education is substantiated by mandatory components of such educational disciplines as «Life safety», «Civil protection», «Pre-medical training», «Planning and management of civil protection measures».
Actual issues of improvement of types of official training of police officers
Authors: Oleksienko S. V. , Golovkov O. M. , Skrypka O. M.
Published: August 2024

In the article, the authors provided a description of the types of service training, namely functional training, general training, tactical training, fire training, physical training. It was concluded that in order to improve the professional training of police officers, it is urgent to implement the measures of structural revision of its varieties, as well as qualitative updating of its content, taking into account the modern challenges that exist in police activity, the development of the National Police at the current stage of state formation. Taking into account the content of training on functional training, it has been proven that it would be more correct to talk about “functional and legal training”, which is proposed to be defined as a set of measures aimed at the acquisition and improvement of police knowledge, abilities and skills in the field of regulatory and legal support of official activities, features of police activity, taking into account the specifics of the functional duties of police officers, necessary for the successful performance of their official duties. It was emphasized the need to improve the name of the “life safety” component of general training, replacing it with the name “policeman’s personal safety and life safety”. The expediency of mastering tactical medicine by police officers was determined, which was proposed to be added to the component of pre-medical training. The need to include issues of improving the tactics of driving a company car in tactical training has been proven; effective use of the main varieties of special equipment, technical devices, technical means and specialized software, in particular, the tactics of using UAVs; tactics of police actions under the influence of sources of ionizing radiation. The position of scientists regarding the need to form a new model of physical training within the framework of service training of police officers with the implementation of NATO standards is supported, for which the following measures are proposed: studying the positive experience of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in terms of developing methodological recommendations for individual physical training of servicemen according to NATO standards; review of standards for physical training; creation of a typical program of physical training within the framework of official training of police officers. The need to introduce a new type of training in the system of police officer training – “general military training” – has been proven.
Foreign experience of providing public services by notaries in the field of state registration of property rights to immovable property
Authors: Kondratiev E. E.
Published: August 2024

The scientific article is dedicated to highlighting the foreign experience of providing public services by notaries in the field of state registration of real property rights in the following countries: Bulgaria, Belarus, Russia, Poland, Czech Republic, Switzerland, Italy, Spain, Germany, France, USA, Australia, etc. As a result of the study of world experience, it was concluded that in order to effectively protect the rights to real estate of both private owners and the state, it is necessary to create a single registration system that will guarantee the reliability and transparency of the civil turnover of real estate. Ways of implementing foreign experience have been determined in order to improve the activities of the subjects of the public administration of Ukraine regarding the provision of public services by notaries in the field of state registration of property rights to immovable property.
Attention is drawn to the fact that the Anglo-American system of registration of deeds regarding real estate objects consists in making an entry in the register at the free choice of the participants of the deed. It would be more appropriate to call this system a document accounting system, since registration is a technical operation. According to Anglo-American rules, the owner is the last bona fide purchaser of real estate. The transfer of ownership occurs as a result of the conclusion of the deed and possession of the object by the transferee. In the USA, the buyer must restore the entire chain of previous documents for the purchase of real estate. The deed can be declared invalid if the persons included or not included in the chain of transactions can assert rights to the real estate object. The lack of legal means is compensated by lawyers and insurance companies that specialize in checking the seller’s rights. Currently, the property loss insurance system is actively developing in the United States of America.
Formation of state policy in the field of public administration and effective control over officials and civil servants who conceal administrative offenses
Authors: Likhovitskyy Ya. , Dovba T.
Published: August 2024

It is indicated that a significant number of scientific works are devoted to the issue of defining the term, as well as the powers and characteristics of official and official persons. However, research in the field of public policy formation in the field of public administration and effective control over officials and civil servants who conceal administrative offenses is relevant and important for ensuring democracy, the rule of law, and citizens’ trust in government structures. Despite existing regulations and mechanisms that regulate the powers and responsibilities of officials, the problem of hiding administrative offenses remains a serious challenge.
According to the principle of the rule of law, the state is obligated to ensure equality before the law and accountability for violations. In the modern world, issues of public administration and control over the activities of officials and civil servants are crucial for upholding the rule of law and fostering trust in governmental structures.
The problem of concealing administrative offenses by officials has become pressing due to the expansion of their powers and responsibilities to society. This article undertakes a deep analysis of the legal definitions and legislative precision in defining the terms of officeholders and civil servants, their granted powers, and explores cases of concealing administrative offenses.
Various aspects are examined in the article, specifically the delineation of powers vested in officials (civil servants) and the accountability of officials for their actions. The authors emphasize the necessity of establishing effective mechanisms for oversight and supervision to prevent impunity within governmental structures and ensure fair application of the law.
All facets explored in the article aim to promote the development of legal culture, strengthen trust in governmental bodies, and ensure transparency and legality in society. The authors provide a detailed examination of the harm caused to the state and society by officials and civil servants through their actions of concealing administrative violations.
Theoretical and legal nature of the concepts of supervision and control and their relationship
Authors: Minka T. P.
Published: August 2024

It is indicated that in the modern conditions of the transformation of the legal system of Ukraine, the study of the concepts of supervision and control acquires special relevance. This is due to the need to ensure the effective functioning of state administration, compliance with law and order, as well as to improve the quality of public services.
The article examines the theoretical and legal nature of the concepts of supervision and control and their relationship. The author draws attention to the fact that supervision and control are important elements of the legal system of Ukraine, which ensure compliance with legality and proper implementation of legal norms. Despite the common features, these institutes have different theoretical and legal nature and perform specific tasks. The article notes that understanding the theoretical and legal nature of supervision and control, as well as their relationship, is necessary for the effective functioning of the legal system and ensuring the rule of law in Ukraine. Attention is drawn to the fact that in the modern conditions of the development of the Ukrainian state, the role of supervision and control is becoming particularly relevant. They are important tools in the fight against corruption, ensuring legality and increasing the efficiency of public administration. Improving these mechanisms and adapting them to modern challenges is a key task for ensuring sustainable development and strengthening the rule of law in Ukraine. the study of the concepts of supervision and control in Ukraine is extremely relevant and important. Attention is drawn to the fact that in the modern conditions of the development of statehood and the legal system, the study of supervision and control acquires special significance for ensuring the stable and harmonious development of society and the state. One of the key aspects of the relevance of the study of the concepts of supervision and control lies in their role in ensuring legality and law and order. In the conditions of democratic development of the state, it is important that the activities of state bodies, organizations and institutions meet the requirements of legislation.
Characteristics and social significance of the civil service
Authors: Shandruk S. M.
Published: August 2024

The article is devoted to the problems of the categorical apparatus of the civil service in Ukraine.
The civil service in our country is recognized as one of the most important institutions in the formation and development of Ukrainian statehood. It is from this institute that the quality of functioning of the social and political system as a whole and the solution of multifaceted tasks and functions of the modern state depend. Civil service has the greatest influence on the development of constitutional and legal formations and is the basis of state construction.
It is argued that the civil service is a complex and multifunctional, legal and political institution, the essence of which is the performance by officials who are endowed with high professionalism, act in a complex relationship and in close interaction both among themselves and with other systemic entities, political forces, by public organizations and citizens, tasks and functions of the state within the legal field and in accordance with the authority granted to them to create social benefits, further development of social well-being and stability in the state.
The most important features of the civil service are highlighted: the content of the civil service is an activity aimed at the practical implementation of tasks and functions of the state (analysis, development and implementation of state policy, ensuring the provision of affordable and high-quality administrative services, etc.); the public nature of this activity; professionalism; politically impartial character. It has been established that the priority of human rights and interests over the interests of the state should be the main feature of modern civil service.
The goal of the civil service is disclosed, which consists in streamlining and increasing the efficiency of the processes of formation and implementation of state power and state administration, provided that responsibility for the performance of the powers of the position and social and economic guarantees of the civil service are combined.
The main goals and tasks of the civil service have been defined in terms of ensuring the fair, effective and stable activity of state authorities in accordance with their powers and competence, aimed at protecting the rights and freedoms of people and citizens, as well as creating conditions for the development of civil society.