bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
CHARACTERISTICS OF MODIFIED KIMPUL (XANTHOSOMA SAGITTIFOLIUM) AND MOCAF FLOUR BREAD WITH POTATO (SOLANUM TUBEROSUM L) SOURDOUGH STARTER
Authors: Kumalasari Ika Dyah , Putri Riantika Aulia , Sulistiawati Endah , Budiarti Gita Indah
Published: December 2023

The fiber content in flour can be increased using a physical modification method (Autoclaving-cooling). Processed food products are favored by the public to apply it to bread with the use of natural yeast (sourdough) derived from potatoes because it is high in carbohydrates and low in calories. The purpose of this study was to determine characteristics of modified kimpul (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) and mocaf flour bread with potato (Solanum tuberosum L) sourdough starter. This study was conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD) with one factor, namely the ratio of wheat flour: modified kimpul tuber: mocaf of F0 (100%T:0%K:0%M) (control); F1 (20%T:50%K:30%M); F2 (20%T:40%K:40%M); and F3 (20%T:30%K:50%M) using potato sourdough starter. Parameters analyzed were  total sugar, texture (chewiness), and organoleptic test (taste, aftertaste, color, aroma, texture, and overall preference). Data collection was carried out by 25 untrained panelists. Statistical analysis of data used the One Way Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) test with a significance level of 5%, followed by Duncan's test and percentage descriptive analysis. The results of the analysis of the total sugar test and texture (chewiness) on bread showed a significant difference and sample F1 (20%T: 50%K: 30%M) decreased the total sugar content. The results of organoleptic test showed a significant difference and the acceptability of each parameter of taste, aftertaste, color, texture, and overall preference was 70,5% according to the criteria for liking, but the aroma parameter did not show a significant difference.
Impact of Consumers Perceived Product Quality on Intention to Buy Smoked Seafood Through E-Commerce
Authors: Ma'rifat Tian Nur , Rahmawan Arief
Published: December 2023

The increasingly massive use of e-commerce in Indonesia has encouraged producers of seafood products to market their products through e-commerce. One of the most popular seafood products in Indonesia is smoked seafood. Smoked seafood with unique product quality characteristics and simple production technology have wider marketing potential if marketed through e-commerce. Therefore, to develop smoked seafood products through e-commerce, this study aims to determine the relationship between perceived quality of smoked seafood products and consumer purchase intentions through e-commerce. The data collection method used was through online questionnaire with multiple linear regression analysis. The analysis resulted in the findings that the factor having most influences to the intensity of consumers in buying smoked seafood products through e-commerce is user display. The implication of the results is that attractive user interface on an e-commerce platform can enhance consumers' interest and purchase intensity. Smoked seafood producers who will market their product through e-commerce need to pay attention to the design of product displays and provide a positive user experience to boost sales of their products.
Efficiency of Klanting Crackers Processing Process using A Clean Production Approach UMKM Kamasa Case Study
Authors: Putri Melinda Azzahra , Darmawan Muhammad Indra , Lestari Ema
Published: December 2023

UMKM Kamasa Kerupuk Klanting needs to implement clean production which aims to reduce waste and increase the efficiency of using raw materials. The objective of the research was to identify the implementation of clean production in Kerupuk Klanting  processing and to analyze alternative implementations of clean production economically and technically at UMKM Kamasa Kerupuk Klanting. These stages of the research were identification of the production process, analysis of net production opportunities, analysis of economic and technical feasibility and election priority cleaner production opportunities with paired comparison questionnaires. Processing of Kerupuk Klanting of cassava-based 80 kg produces an average of 40.25 kg of Kerupuk Klanting and produces 20.4124 kg of solid waste and 525 kg of liquid waste. The recommended net production opportunities are processing cassava peels into compost, processing cassava peels into liquid organic fertilizer and reducing the use of clean water in the cassava washing process by collecting water in the sink and cleaning using a cloth, using sacks directly at the mouth of the grating machine is expected to hold grated cassava spilled on the machine can be recovered, utilization of squeezed wastewater as raw material for cassava starch (tapioca), and use of wood pellets as a substitute for firewood. Priority assessment of clean production opportunities using Expert Choice is Reducing the use of clean water in the cassava washing process by collecting water in the sink and cleaning using a cloth.
The Effect of Temperature on Porang (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) Moisture Content and Drying Rate Using a Tray Dryer
Authors: Nisa Nur Ihda Farikhatin , Wardani Karina Kusuma , Setiawan Mohammad Arfi , Ningsih Erlinda
Published: December 2023

Porang (Amorphophallus oncophyllus) is a tuber plant originating from Indonesia. This plant is less well known compared to other tuber plants. Porang has various important uses, especially in the food and industrial sectors. Indonesia ranks 5th as the largest supplier of porang in the world. Drying porang is an important stage in the post-harvest processing of porang plants. The drying process must be done carefully so as not to damage the quality of the porang. The right drying method, appropriate drying temperature, and humidity control must be considered to achieve optimal drying results. A tray dryer is a drying device that contains shelves to store the material being dried. Drying with this tool uses hot air gusts that are passed over the material being dried. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of drying temperature variations on the moisture content and drying rate of porang using a laboratory-scale tray dryer. Drying is carried out on stick-shaped porang with a thickness of 1 cm and a total weight of 125 grams. The temperature variations in this drying are 50OC, 60OC, and 70OC, with a drying air speed 1 m/s. The research results show that the higher the drying air temperature in the tray dryer, the lower the moisture content in the porang and the faster the drying rate. When the drying air speed and porang thickness are constant, the optimal porang drying temperature is 70OC.
Joint welding of mild steel using a GMAW hot-wire process
Authors: Ungethüm Tim , Schilling Paul , Spaniol Erik , Schmale Hans Christian
Published: December 2023

Due to the coupled filler material and energy supply in GMAW processes, these processes have limited productivity. To increase productivity and decrease heat input, a GMAW process can be combined with an auxiliary hot wire. In this paper a GMAW hot wire process with indirect resistive heating of the auxiliary wire (between two current nozzles) is used for joint welding of thick sheets (mild steel). In order to demonstrate the potential of the process for joint welding of mild steel plates (8 mm and 20 mm), test welds are carried out., Charpy impact and tensile specimens of the welds are produced to determine the mechanical properties of the joint. To further increase the understanding of the process, calorimetric measurements are conducted to quantify the energy input of the process. Based on the performed analyses, it is possible to demonstrate the potential of the process for joint welding and to show a possible competition to existing processes
Estimating the aboveground biomass of a forest-protected area in Bangladesh using Google Earth Engine
Authors: Mohammed . , Bhuiyan Abdur Rakib , Bhuiyan Md Saifuzzaman , Ahammed Sohag , Khan Ariful , Karim Sajedul
Published: December 2023

Aboveground biomass (AGB) is an important forest biophysical property accurate measurement of which is imperative as it plays a crucial role in understanding global climate change. Among the direct and indirect approaches to measuring AGB, remote sensing based indirect approach has been widely used for research and managerial purposes. In this study, a workflow was developed integrating Google Earth Engine (GEE) to estimate the AGB of Khadimnagar National Park (KNP). Collected field AGB data and ten remote sensing vegetation indices were used as dependent and independent variables respectively in Multiple Linear Regression and the modeled equation was integrated into the GEE to create the estimated map of KNP. According to the different statistical indices, the three best-performing models were not reliable enough to depict the spatial distribution of AGB. Additionally, it was found that Chlorophyll Vegetation Index (CVI), Green Leaf Index (GLI), Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index (ARVI), and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) were the most important variables in modeling AGB. However, initially, the predicted AGB information of this work will be useful to understand the vegetational health and condition of an important forest-protected area like KNP. Furthermore, a similar AGB modeling approach can be used to map the other forested areas of Bangladesh with different remote sensing datasets and topographical and climatic datasets.
Identification of Alternaria spp. associated with purple blotch disease in onions and evaluation of plant-based fungicides for disease control
Authors: Din Ghulam Muhae Ud , Kalsoom Rabia , Yang Zaifu , Chohan Sobia , Haider Muhammad Saleem , Abid Muhammad , Ahmed Dildar
Published: December 2023

Purple blotch of onion, a significant disease impacting major onion cultivating regions globally, is often linked with Alternaria spp. In this study, symptomatic onion leaves from 11 different fields were sampled, resulting in the acquisition of 24 Alternaria isolates. Six were chosen for sequence analysis, which involved the amplification of three regions: the internal transcribed spacer (ITS), glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (Gpd), and the major allergenic gene Alt a1. Our findings indicated the presence of three distinct Alternaria spp., with A. tenuissima demonstrating the highest disease incidence on the susceptible cultivar, Phulkari. In vitro bioassay results revealed that the methanolic leaf extract of D. stramonium exhibited the most significant antifungal activity (68.52%), outperforming M. piperita (43.13%) and C. procera (40.16%). Greenhouse experiments showed that aqueous extracts of D. stramonium reduced disease severity by 43.75% and 46.23% when used as a protective measure, and by 41.95% and 38.43% when used as a curative measure in two consecutive years. The D. stramonium extract was further fractionated using organic solvents, revealing varying degrees of antifungal activities: n-butanol (99.31%), chloroform (68.76%), n-hexane (50.56%), and ethyl acetate (62.60%). GC-MS analysis of the n-butanol fraction identified nine compounds, primarily alkaloids. From identified conpounds, scopolamine (15.23%), atropine (14.42%), apoatropine (9.55%), 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol (2.33%) are already reported for their biological activity. Our findings suggest that D. stramonium has potential as an alternative disease control agent against purple blotch in onions.
Complex InSAR radar image processing, GNSS, and TPS measurements to determine the Kaniv HPP dam deformations
Authors: Tretyak Kornyliy , Nesterenko Svitlana , Bisovetskyi Yuriy
Published: December 2023

The article examines the combined use of satellite radar and stationary systems for monitoring spatial displacements of structures (SSMSDS) to detect vertical deformations of dams. The object of research is the dam of the Kaniv HPP in Ukraine. Dam deformation monitoring includes automated use of GEOMOS software, as well as a GNSS and TPS points network. DInSAR radar interferometry algorithms were applied to calculate the vertical displacements of the dam based on satellite observations. This study analyzed 30 satellite images from Sentinel-1, taken every 12 days from August 10th, 2020 to August 5th, 2021. The error in determining the vertical movement speed of the dam control points is based on the data of radio interferometric measurements relative to the results obtained from GNSS and linear-angular measurements for the period from August 2020 to February 2021. The error margin was found to be 0.41 mm/mo, with an average speed of -3.5 mm/mo during that period. From February 2021 to August 2021, the error margin increased to 0.85 mm/mo, with an average speed of + 1.7 mm/mo. Combining radar and ground measurements confirmed the seasonal spatiotemporal distribution of the rates of vertical dam displacements, with the dam body subsiding from August 2020 to February 2021 and then rising from February 2021 to August 2021. The radar measurements also identified anomalous speed zones with no GNSS points or reflectors for linear-angular measurements, which could indicate hidden defects related to the dam's strength. Overall, the results showed the effectiveness of using DInSAR technology and ground-based automated systems to monitor potentially dangerous objects, such as dams.
Evaluating the effect of a behavioural intervention bundle on antibiotic use, quality of care, and household transmission of resistant Enterobacteriaceae in intervention versus control clusters in rural Burkina Faso and DR Congo (CABU-EICO)
Authors: Consortium CABU-EICO
Published: December 2023

BackgroundAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a rising threat in low resource settings, largely driven by transmission in the community, outside health facilities. Inappropriate antibiotic use is one of the main modifiable drivers of AMR. Its risk is especially high in poor resource settings, with limited diagnostic and surveillance capacities, and many informal medicine vendors determining community use. We hypothesize that to optimize community antibiotic use, especially Watch antibiotics (recommended only as first-choice for more severe clinical presentations or for causative pathogens likely to be resistant to Access antibiotics), both the supply side (medicine vendors) and the demand side (communities) should be pro-actively involved in any intervention.MethodsIn two existing demographic health surveillance sites (HDSS) in Burkina Faso and in the Democratic Republic of Congo, behavioural intervention bundles were co-created in a participatory approach, aiming to rationalise (Watch) antibiotic use and improve hygiene and sanitation practices. Bundles consisted of interactive interventions, including theatre, posters, discussions, etc. To evaluate impact, 11 of 22 clusters (a HDSS community with at least one (in)formal medicine vendor) were randomly assigned to this intervention, which will run over a year. The effect of the intervention will be evaluated by comparing outcomes before and after in intervention and control villages from a) exit interviews of clients from vendors, b) mystery patients presenting to vendors with a set of predefined symptoms, c) household interviews to assess behavioural changes related to antibiotic use, health literacy and water-sanitation-hygiene indicators. Long term impact on AMR will be estimated by modelling changes in resistant Enterobacteriaceae carriage from repeated household surveys before, during and after the intervention in both arms.DiscussionMost existing interventions aimed at improving antibiotic use focus on health care use, but in resource-limited settings, community use is highly prevalent. Previous studies targeting only providers failed to show an effect on antibiotic use. Evaluation will be done with before-after epidemiological measurements of actual prescriptions and use. If effective in reducing (Watch) antibiotic use, this would be an empowering methodology for communities, which has significant promise for long-term impact.Trial registration:Clinical Trials NCT05378880; 13 May 2022, https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05378880
Auxetic Metamaterial Pre-twisted Helical Nanobeams: Vibrational Characteristics
Authors: Ghadiri Majid , Ahari Mehrdad Farajzadeh , Marvi Mobin
Published: December 2023

The current investigation pertains to the vibrational characteristics of an out of plane helical nanobeam composed of auxetic material. This study marks the first instance of such an analysis. The Frenet-triad is a mathematical tool utilized to account for the impact of curvature, allowing for the dynamic alteration of the coordinate system and the precise definition of the location vector. In order to examine this model, the governing equations are formulated utilizing Timoshenko's beam theory and Eringen's nonlocal elasticity theory, and applying Hamilton's principle. The generalized differential quadrature method (GDQM) is employed to solve the governing equations under various boundary conditions. The present study validates the precision and effectiveness of the existing model through a comparison between the outcomes obtained from the simplified approach and the benchmark results reported in the literature. The findings reveal a satisfactory level of conformity between the two sets of results. Ultimately, the numerical outcomes are derived with a focus on exploring the impact of various factors such as inclination angle, auxetic rib length, curvatures, tortuosity, and pre-twists on the helical nanobeam. The findings of this work may be used as a benchmark for further investigations.
Effect of Moringa oleifera seeds on the removal efficiency of pathogens and pharmaceutic residues present in a domestic wastewater treatment plant by a transdisciplinary approach
Authors: Sané Nini , Sivalingam Perysamy , Koželuh Milan , Mbengué Malick , Stoll Serge , Poté John , Coustumer Philippe Le
Published: December 2023

In this transdisciplinary study, we investigated, using genomic tools and physico-chemical parameters, the effect of Moringa oleifera seed (MOS) on the removal of microorganisms and pharmaceutic residues (antibiotics); And also, the development of antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) in water samples from a domestic wastewater treatment plant prototype (WWTP). Water samples were analysed with and without addition of powder of Moringa oleifera seed (MOS). The results showed that MOS addition reduced the total bacterial load from 1.73 1010 ± 3.21 109 CFU/L to 6.67 106 ± 5.77 106 CFU/L; While faecal coliforms and E coli were removed with an efficiency of 99% and 57%, respectively. Furthermore, MOS treatment resulted in a reduction in faecal coliforms and E. coli resistant to ampicillin by about 100 % and 96 %, respectively. The results indicated that ciprofloxacin removal efficiency at 29 °C was over 93 % (faecal coliforms) and 68 % (E. coli) with doxycycline. Adding MOS significantly reduced the copy number of the 16S rRNA gene and the genes conferring resistance to β-lactum (blaCTX-M, blaSHV and blaTEM). However, MOS does not reveal a real effectiveness on removal of pollutants (phosphorus and Nnitrates) contrary to what was expected. Additional studies are needed for confirmation from our observations. The findings of this study, whatever the functioning conditions (not optimal) of the prototype followed over 4 years, confirmed that MOS is potentially an effective natural and environmentally friendly coagulant that could be applied to wastewater treatment in low-income countries to remove or minimize multiple pollutants and control ARGs spread. To promote sustainable development, this small-scale study provides guidance for designing infrastructure in resource-limited locations to take advantage of MOS effects in wastewater treatments.
Male manipulation impinges on social-dependent tumor suppression in Drosophila melanogaster females
Authors: Montagne Jacques , Akiki Perla , Delamotte Pierre , Poidevin Mickael , Dijk Erwin van , Petit Apolline , Rouzic Arnaud Le , Mery Frederic , Marion-Poll Frederic
Published: December 2023

Physiological status can influence social behavior, which reciprocally can impinge on physiology and health. We previously reported that tumor growth in Drosophila virgin females depends on the social context. However, neither the underlying physiological mechanisms nor their extent to different physiological status have been investigated to date. Transcriptome analysis from the heads of these tumorous flies now reveals social-dependent gene-expression changes related to nervous-system activity, suggesting that a cognitive-like relay might mediate the tumor suppressive effect. Surprisingly, this social-dependent tumor-suppressive effect is lost in fertilized females. After mating, Drosophila females change their behavior to favor offspring survival in response to peptides transferred via the male ejaculate, a process called “male manipulation”. Remarkably, the social-dependent tumor suppressive effect is restored in females mated by sex-peptide deficient males. Since male manipulation has likely been selected to favor male gene transmission, our findings indicate that this evolutionary trait impedes social-dependent tumor growth slowdown.
Genetic Tapestry of Capsicum Fruit Colors: A Comparative Analysis of Four Cultivated Species
Authors: Bhattarai Ambika , Nimmakayala Padma , Davenport Brittany , Natarajan Purushothaman , Talavera-Caro Alicia , Lopez-Ortiz Carlos , Ibarra-Muñoz Lizbeth , Chakrabarti Manohar , Benedito Vagner , Balagurusamy Nagamani , Reddy Umesh K
Published: December 2023

Peppers (Capsicum spp.) rank among the most widely consumed spices globally. Fruit color, serving as a determinant for use in food colorants and cosmeceuticals and an indicator of nutritional content, significantly influences market quality and price. Cultivated Capsicum species display extensive phenotypic diversity, especially in fruit coloration. Our study leveraged the genetic variance within four Capsicum species (Capsicum baccatum, Capsicum chinense, Capsicum frutescens, and Capsicum annuum) to elucidate the genetic mechanisms driving color variation in peppers and related Solanaceae species. We analyzed color metrics and chromatic attributes (Red, Green, Blue, L*, a*, b*, Luminosity, Hue, and Chroma) on samples cultivated over six years (2015–2021). We resolved genomic regions associated with fruit color diversity through SNPs obtained from Genotyping by Sequencing (GBS) and genome-wide association study (GWAS) with a Multi-Locus Mixed Linear Model (MLMM). Significant SNPs with FDR correction were identified, within the Cytochrome P450, MYB-related genes, Pentatricopeptide repeat proteins, and ABC transporter family were the most common among the four species, indicating comparative evolution of fruit colors. We further validated the role of a pentatricopeptide repeat-containing protein (Chr01:31205460) and a cytochrome P450 enzyme (Chr08:45351919) via competitive allele-specific PCR (KASP) genotyping. Our findings advance the understanding of the genetic underpinnings of Capsicum fruit coloration, with developed KASP assays holding potential for applications in crop breeding and aligning with consumer preferences. This study provides a cornerstone for future research into exploiting Capsicum's diverse fruit color variation.
Vertical stratification and defensive traits of caterpillars against parasitoids in a lowland tropical forest in Cameroon
Authors: Finnie Sam , Butterill Philip , Novotny Vojtech , Redmond Conor , Jorge Leonardo Ré , Abe Tomokazu , Lamarre Greg P.A. , Maicher Vincent , Sam Katerina
Published: December 2023

Insect herbivores and their parasitoids play a crucial role in terrestrial trophic interactions in tropical forests. These interactions occur across the entire vertical gradient of the forest. This study compares how caterpillar communities, and their parasitism rates, vary across vertical strata and between caterpillar defensive strategies in a semi deciduous tropical forest in Nditam, Cameroon. Within a 0.1 ha plot, all trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 5 cm were felled and systematically searched for caterpillars. We divided the entire vertical gradient of the forest into eight, five-meter strata. All caterpillars were assigned to a stratum based on their collection height, reared, identified, and classified into one of three defensive traits: aposematic, cryptic and shelter-building. Caterpillar species richness and diversity showed a midstory peak, whereas density followed the opposite pattern, decreasing in the midstory and then increasing towards the highest strata. This trend was driven by some highly dense shelter-building caterpillars in the upper-canopy. Specialisation indices indicated decreasing levels of caterpillar generality with increasing height, a midstory peak in vulnerability, and increasing connectance towards the upper-canopy, although the latter was likely driven by decreasing network size. Both aposematic and shelter-building caterpillars had significantly higher parasitism rates than cryptic caterpillars. Our results highlight nuanced changes in caterpillar communities across forest strata and provide evidence that defences strategies are important indicators of parasitism rates in caterpillars and that both aposematic and shelter-building caterpillars could be considered a “safe haven” for parasitoids.
Between Artificial Intelligence and Customer Experience: A Literature Review on the intersection
Authors: Peruchini Melise , Teixeira Julio Monteiro , Silva Gustavo Modena da
Published: December 2023

This paper is a literature review of the intersection field between Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Customer Experience (CX). We analyzed and synthesized the most recent and prominent literature on the subject, providing an overview of the state of the art, through articles found in the Scopus database. Among the main findings, it is noteworthy that this intersection appears as an interdisciplinary topic of interest in the fields of Computer Science, Business and Management, and Engineering. Additionally, studies often examine conversational agents such as chatbots and voicebots, as well as machine learning prediction models and recommendation systems as a way to improve the Customer Experience. The most common sectors in the review are tourism, banking and e-commerce. Other segments and technologies appear less and may be underrepresented, thus a scope for future research agenda. Despite the existing literature, it is observed that there is still ample room for expansion and exploration, especially considering the emergence of new generative Artificial Intelligence models.
Research horizons for invasive marine species detection with eDNA/eRNA
Authors: Jarman Simon , Ackermann Fran , Marnane Michael , Berry Oliver , Bunce Michael , Dawkins Kathryn , Furlan Elise , Lukehurst Sherralee , McDonald Justin , Pochon Xavier , Wilkinson Shaun , Zaiko Anastasija , Harvey Euan
Published: December 2023

The global marine ecosystem is changing rapidly as the result of biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem structure being altered by industrial civilization. Invasive marine species (IMS) are one of the most damaging regional consequences of human activity, and one of the most easily attributable to specific processes. This makes IMS introduction one of most tractable threats for management with appropriate policies. Once established, a different set of policies are required either to restrict IMS spread, or to attempt local eradication. The key ecosystem management tool for IMS damage mitigation is rapid, widely deployable IMS detection. Environmental Nucleic Acids (eNA), combining environmental DNA (eDNA) and environmental RNA (eRNA) analyses, have emerged as valuable tools for sensitive, cost-effective and readily deployable detection of IMS. Methods for IMS detection by eNA are still being developed through a widespread and active research community, so identifying the limitations of current processes will help prioritise eNA-based IMS detection research. We analysed and synthesised the opinions of expert marine ecosystem managers and researchers in Australia and New Zealand about the knowledge gaps and research needs for eNA-based IMS detection. This synthesis was placed in context with current research literature on what eNA technologies are currently providing as an IMS management tool; what problems exist with the current technology; and what could be done to improve this general approach. Our analyses produced a list of priorities that chart a path towards the best possible systems for IMS detection by eNA - the eNA Utopia.
SH003 enhances the anti-cancer effects of Dabrafenib on lung cancer harboring BRAF G469A mutation by inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway
Authors: Choi Yu-Jeong , Chung Yoon Hey , Lee Kangwook , Jeong Miso , Ko Seong-Gyu
Published: December 2023

BRAF mutations are relatively uncommon in lung cancer. However, the majority of therapies targeting BRAF mutations have been developed exclusively for lung cancer patients with V600E mutations, limiting their effectiveness in treating tumors with the non-V600E BRAF mutations. As a result, there is a need to explore effective therapeutic strategies for lung cancer patients carrying non-V600 BRAF mutations. In this study, we demonstrated that the lung cancer cells harboring the non-V600E G469A mutation were responsive to the combination of SH003 and dabrafenib. By utilizing patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, we identified that this combined treatment induces apoptosis and exhibited antitumor effects through the reduction of ERK signals. The synergistic effect of the combination treatment on BRAF G469A lung cancer cells was consistent with its effects in PDX models, suggesting that the molecular mechanism of apoptosis involves a decrease in the MEK/ERK signaling pathway. These findings propose the potential development of the SH003 and dabrafenib combination treatment as an effective strategy for addressing lung cancer patients with BRAF G469A mutation.
Ethnobotanical Documentation and Ecological Diversity of Non-Timber Forest Products in Annapurna Conservation Area, Nepal
Authors: Magar Gyanu Thapa , Balami Sujan , Bajracharya Devendra Mananda
Published: December 2023

Background: Development and modernization of the world is leading and thereby shrinkage of traditional practices and forest encroachment became horrible. Nepal is a biologically and traditionally diverse country where people still rely on forest resources for their daily needs. Current work explores the ethnobotanical knowledge of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFP) and their ecology along the trekking route of Annapurna Conservation Area, Central Nepal.
Methods: Sixty sample plots were laid at each 200 m, using a systematic random sampling method where abundance was noted and later NTFP species composition was plotted. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for interviewing fifty-four local respondents including local healers (Amchi)and elder farmers.
Results: In total 228 NTFP species, belonging to 80 families and 167 genera were enumerated from ethnobotanical interviews and ecological data. Herbs were the dominant (95) life form among NTFP and Asteraceae (20 species) was the richest family in the area. Through an intensive ethnobotanical survey, only 59.21% (135 species) of total NTFP species were known to be in recent use at a local level. Leaf was the most frequently used plant parts and common NTFP species based on use value index were Rhododendron arboreum, Daphniphyllum himalayense, and Arisaema utile. The medicinal category comprised 83 species from 49 families and 69 genera with the highest informant consensus factor value for the treatment of jaundice (1), followed by fever (0.82), and gynaecological problems (0.78). Additionally, the highest fidelity level (1) shown the frequent use of Rhododendron arboreum for throat blockage relief. Ecological study revealed only 54.39% (124 species) of total NTFP, however, value of diversity indices; Shannon-Weaver index (4.22587) and Simpson index (0.98) were near to their optimum value with decreasing species richness along the altitudinal raise.
Conclusions: Although, diversity indices were high, some valuable plants mentioned in interview were not recorded from sampling sites, which might be an indication for waning of those species from the area. Difference on total NTFP and recently used species shows shifting of social status, occupation, daily practices, and effect of modern treatments. Economic development can be boosted with sustainable utilization, cultivation, and monitoring of potential high value NTFP at natural habitat in the area.
Enhancing Drought Detection and Visualization with LSTM and SPEI: Addressing Slow-Onset Climate-Induced Water Scarcity
Authors: Gaurihar Mahima , Paonikar Kaustubh , Dongre Snehalata , Khobragade Prashant , Agrawal Rahul , Saraf Pranay
Published: December 2023

Natural disasters, like droughts, are extraordinarily complex and long-lasting, which highlights how important they are in India because of their frequent occurrences. In an effort to achieve accurate drought prediction, the current study explores the approaches of machine learning (ML), such as support vector machines, neural networks, and deep learning. Effective management of the drought and resource allocation become more important in these situations, especially in regions like Latur district where agriculture is strongly dependent on these resources and water scarcity problems continue.Using historical climatic data that includes variables like temperature and precipitation, the suggested methodology calculates the Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) for the Latur region. The study attempts to improve Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model predictions by integrating SPEI values in utilizing a high-quality time series dataset obtained from the Indian Meteorological Department (IMD). Interactive insights are provided through visual representations of temperature, precipitation, and SPEI time series data. This model shows a low MSE (0.0187) means small prediction errors. High R^2 (0.99832) shows model explains 99% of data variance accurately.The study aims to improve computational methods and increase the amount of climate variables incorporated, which will help to build stronger models for drought prediction and resilience building.
MSC Codes - 68T01, 68T07
JEL Codes - C32
Foot Care Knowledge and Practices in Diabetic Patients From 2021 to 2022 in Southern Vietnam and Related Factors – A Survey at a Single Center
Authors: Phan Huu Hen , Tran Duy Hien , Nguyen Kim Thoa Thi , Nguyen Thu Hau Thi , Pham Mong Linh Thi , Bach Truyen Thuy Cong , Lam Hoang Van , Pham Bich Huyen Thi , Dau Ly Na
Published: December 2023

Background: Foot care knowledge has been mandatory in many countries,as it has been considered necessary to prevent diabetic foot ulcers. In Vietnam, foot care knowledge and practice are based mainly on the self-awareness of patients and random educative activities due to the lack of a mandatory educative program. Cho Ray Hospital is the most significant terminal Hospital in Southern Vietnam, which receives patients from Southern and Central provinces. We conducted this study at Cho Ray hospital, evaluating current foot care knowledge and practice and related factors to understand the effectiveness of the temporary approach.
Methods: Cross-sectional observational study. Four hundred and three patients coming to Cho Ray Hospital from 2021 to 2022 were assessed with an evaluated questionnaire.
Results: The average score of the knowledge of foot self-care of the studied population was 6.9 ±2.11 out of 10. The following pieces of knowledge: managing foot corns/calluses and dry skin, the need to wear socks as putting on shoes, not walking barefoot indoors, and not soaking feet in hot water had 30.8 – 49.6% of patients with correct answers. Only 6.2% of patients knew not to apply moisturizer on whole foot skin. Higher education level, longer duration of diabetes, and history of amputation were significantly related to being in the group with higher foot care knowledge scores. The studied population's average foot care practice score was 0.51 ± 0.13 (maximum score was 1). More than 40% of patients still practice harmful behaviors: walking barefoot, wearing slip-ons, not using moisturizer for dry skin, and soaking feet in water. Only 9.9% of patients paid attention to how to use new shoes properly. Patients who were active in searching for diabetic information scored 0.04 points higher than patients who did not search for diabetic information. In addition, an increase of one point in foot care knowledge increased foot care practice by 0.03 points.
Conclusions: Knowledge and foot care practices fordiabetic patients still need to be improved in southern Vietnam. Increasing foot-care knowledge will effectively enhance foot-care practice, but it is not enough.
Tanshinone IIA mediates the apoptosis and proliferation of endometrial cancer through the CK2/DBC1/SIRT1/P53 pathway
Authors: Zou Cunhua , Zhao Ge , Tian Junying , Na Shili , Zhu Ruisen , Li Chengfei , LI Ruoqing , Song Dongdong , Zhao Shuping
Published: December 2023

The pathogenesis of endometrial cancer (EC) remains unclear. Currently, there is a lack of available drugs that specifically target EC. Here, we demonstrated that both DBC1 and SIRT1 as oncogenic factors were involved in the development and progression of EC and associated with histological grade, lymph node metastasis, depth of myometrial invasion and FIGO stage, the protein interaction ability of DBC1 and SIRT1 in cancer group decreased compared with the control group, and tanshinone IIA promoted apoptosis and inhibited proliferation of Ishikawa cells through P53-Cleaved caspase-3 pathway and Bcl-2 pathway, a process possibly regulated by CK2/DBC1/SIRT1/P53 signaling pathway. In the xenograft model of Ishikawa origin, high-concentration tanshinone IIA also down-regulated the expression of DBC1 and SIRT1, and inhibited the growth of tumors. Our results indicate that DBC1 and SIRT1 may serve as novel molecular targets and tanshinone IIA may play a role in the treatment of EC.
Analysis of Activity, Temporal Partitioning, and Interactions among Mesopredators (Asian badgers, Raccoon dogs, and Wild Boars) in South Korea
Authors: Lee Yeon Woo , Lee Juyoung , Yoon Chae Won , Lee Hyeok Jae , Son Ji Hye , Jeon Sumin , Hwang Soo Kyeong , Chung Ok-Sik , Lee Jong Koo
Published: December 2023

Mesopredators like Asian badgers, Raccoon dogs, and Wild boars in South Korea, where apex predators are extinct, share habitats, offering a unique environment to study their interactions and activity patterns. This study deployed 130 motion-sensor cameras across 11 regions to examine their temporal activity. Asian badgers and Raccoon dogs displayed bimodal activity patterns; Asian badgers were active before midnight (21:00–24:00), while Raccoon dogs were active after midnight (02:00–05:00). Wild boars exhibited a unimodal pattern, mainly active before midnight (20:00–22:00). Seasonal variations affected the activity times of Raccoon dogs and Wild boars but not Asian badgers. The presence of Wild boars influenced the activity of Asian badgers and Raccoon dogs. Specifically, Raccoon dogs' activity varied significantly depending on whether Wild boars or Yellow-throated martens were present. Asian badgers' activity also changed in response to Wild boars. However, Wild boars appeared less influenced by the presence of other mesopredators. This study highlights the complex dynamics of predator interactions in shared habitats.
Studies on Partial Replacement of HDPE & PP Waste Plastic in Self Compacting Concrete
Authors: Suvidha Y , Jain Sumesh , Kumar C. Arvind
Published: December 2023

In the present paper two different plastic materials High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) and Polypropylene (PP) was replaced with fine aggregate (FA) till 10% by 2.5% increment. Different test such as compressive strength (3, 7, 28 & 60 days) (150x150x150mm), flexural strength (3, 7, 28 & 60 days) (100x100x500mm), acid attack (28, 56 & 90 days)(100x100x100mm), sulphate attack (28, 56 & 90 days)(100x100x100mm), thermal conductivity (180mm dia x 20mm thick). The compressive strength of 40.52MPa and 38.41Mpa for PP and HDPE material was observed in M30 grade concrete respectively. Similarly, for M40 grade concrete 43.6MPa and 41.8MPa for PP and HDPE material respectively. The optimum percentage of 5% and 7.5 for PP and HDPE material respectively can be replaced in concrete for flexural strength for both M30 and M40 grade. The least percentage loss in acid attack was observed at 28 days for both HDPE and PP material but for 56days and 90 days the percentage loss of weight was significantly less (< 5%). The sulphate attack for both M30 and M40 grade concrete showed less than 10% percentage loss in weight till 90 days. Thermal conductivity (k) was also reduced by 30–35% for both HDPE and PP material till 10% replacement in concrete for M30 and M40 grade.
Dietary sodium acetate and sodium butyrate improve high-carbohydrate diet utilization by regulating gut microbiota, liver lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and inflammation in largemouth bass ( Micropterus salmoides )
Authors: Liu Qiao , Cheng Liangshun , Wang Maozhu , Shen Lianfeng , Zhang Chengxian , Mu Jin , Hu Yifan , Yang Yihui , He Kuo , Yan Haoxiao , Zhao Liulan , Yang Song
Published: December 2023

Background
Adequate levels of carbohydrates in aquafeeds help conserve protein and reduce costs. However, studies have shown that a high-carbohydrate (HC) diet disrupts the homeostasis of the gut–liver axis in largemouth bass, resulting in decreased intestinal acetate and butyrate levels. Herein, we assessed the effects of sodium acetate (SA) and sodium butyrate (SB) on liver health and the intestinal microbiota in largemouth bass fed an HC diet. The experimental design comprised five isonitrogenous and isolipid diets, including LC (9% starch), HC (18% starch), HCSA (18% starch; 2 g/kg SA), HCSB (18% starch; 2 g/kg SB), and HCSASB (18% starch; 1 g/kg SA + 1 g/kg SB). Juvenile largemouth bass with an initial body weight of 7.00 ± 0.20 g were reared on the diets for 56 days.
Results
We found that dietary SA and SB reduced hepatic triglyceride accumulation by activating autophagy (ATG101, LC3B, and tfeb), promoting lipolysis (CPT1α, HSL, and AMPKα), and inhibiting adipogenesis (FAS, ACCA, SCD1, and PPARγ). In addition, SA and SB decreased oxidative stress in the liver (CAT, GPX, and SOD) by activating the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. Meanwhile, SA and SB alleviated HC-induced inflammation by downregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-1β, COX2, Hepcidin1) through the NF-κB pathway. Importantly, SA and SB increased the abundance of bacteria that produce acetic acid and butyrate (Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1). Combined with the KEGG analysis, the results showed that SA and SB enriched carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism pathways, thereby improving the utilization of carbohydrates. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that growth performance was closely related to hepatic lipid deposition, autophagy, antioxidant capacity, inflammation, and intestinal microbial composition.
Conclusions
In conclusion, dietary SA and SB can reduce hepatic lipid deposition, and alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation in largemouth bass fed an HC diet. These beneficial effects may be due to the altered composition of the gut microbiota caused by SA and SB. The improvement effects of SB were stronger than those associated with SA.
Design and Manufacture of Mould Free Fibre Reinforced Laminates with Compound Curvature
Authors: Jenkins Christopher , Donough Matthew J. , Prusty Gangadhara B.
Published: December 2023

Composite manufacturing demands mould tooling to produce dimensionally accurate parts, adding substantial capital costs to their production. Recent developments in advanced manufacturing of fibre-reinforced polymer composite elements have seen the implementation of mould-free technologies that can produce complex shaped parts off a flat tool. This paper presents eccentric fibre prestress as a novel mould-free method for producing curvatures within carbon fibre and glass fibre laminates. Tailoring the flexural rigidity along the primary orientation of the laminate is shown to result in a complex, compound curvature profile with high accuracy. An analytical model based on Euler-Bernoulli beam theory is proposed and demonstrated to correlate closely with the experiential laminates. An inverse design approach based on a Genetic Algorithm is demonstrated to design a reasonable laminate configuration to achieve the top surface of a NACA 4412 aerofoil section using the proposed eccentric fibre prestress.
Development of a simple offshore ground motion prediction equation based on S-net data and residual analysis to reveal site effects
Authors: Nakanishi Ryo , Takemura Shunsuke
Published: December 2023

Ground motion prediction equations (GMPEs) in offshore regions are important for evaluating the durability of subsea structures and tsunami risk associated with seafloor slope failures. Since the ground conditions differ between onshore and offshore areas, it is desirable to develop a GMPE specific to the seafloor. Previous models have some problems, such as the influence of buried observation equipment and whether physical property that substitutes for seafloor conditions can take site effects. In this study, to predict the distribution of seafloor seismic acceleration, a new GMPE was regressed on the peak ground acceleration (PGA) data of S-net using minimum necessary seismic parameters as explanatory variables. The obtained model was compared with conventional onshore and offshore GMPEs and successfully predicted PGA with smaller errors. The residuals between the observed and predicted PGA were used to examine the factors responsible for the site effect of the S-net sites. The areas overestimated by GMPE correspond to areas where semi-to-consolidated sediments are exposed and do not correlate with sediment thickness obtained from seismic reflection surveys. The new GMPE can obtain PGA within 300 km of the epicenter from the moment magnitude (Mw 5.4–7.4), focal depth, and source distance considering the marine geology.