bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-efficacy global optimization of antenna structures by means of simplex-based predictors
Authors: Koziel Slawomir , Pietrenko-Dabrowska Anna
Published: October 2023

Design of modern antenna systems has become highly dependent on computational tools, especially full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulation models. EM analysis is capable of yielding accurate representation of antenna characteristics at the expense of considerable evaluation time. Consequently, execution of simulation-driven design procedures (optimization, statistical analysis, multi-criterial design) is severely hindered by the accumulated cost of multiple antenna evaluations. This problem is especially pronounced in the case of global search, frequently performed using nature-inspired algorithms, known for poor computational efficiency. At the same time, global optimization is often required, either due to multimodality of the design task or the lack of sufficiently good starting point. A workaround is to combine metaheuristics with surrogate modeling methods, yet a construction of reliable metamodels over broad ranges of antenna parameters is challenging. This work introduces a novel procedure for global optimization of antenna structures. Our methodology involves a simplex-based automated search performed at the level of approximated operating and performance figures of the structure at hand. The presented approach capitalizes on weakly-nonlinear dependence between the operating figures and antenna geometry parameters, as well as computationally cheap design updates, only requiring a single EM analysis per iteration. Formal convergence of the algorithm is guaranteed by implementing the automated decision-making procedure for reducing the simplex size upon detecting the lack of objective function improvement. The global optimization stage is succeeded by gradient-based parameter refinement. The proposed procedure has been validated using four microstrip antenna structures. Multiple independent runs and statistical analysis of the results have been carried out in order to corroborate global search capability. Satisfactory outcome obtained for all instances, and low average computational cost of only 120 EM antenna simulations, demonstrate superior efficacy of our algorithm, also in comparison with both local optimizers and nature-inspired procedures.
Defects mediated weak ferromagnetism in Zn1−yCyO (0.00 ≤ y ≤ 0.10) nanorods semiconductors for spintronics applications
Authors: Awan Saif Ullah , Akhtar M. Tanveer , Hussain Danish , Shah Saqlain A. , Rizwan Syed , Rafique Mohsin , Samad Abdus , Arshad M.
Published: October 2023

A series of carbon-doped ZnO [Zn1−yCyO (0.00 ≤ y ≤ 0.10)] nanorods were synthesized using a cost-effective low-temperature (85 °C) dip coating technique. X-ray diffractometer scans of the samples revealed the hexagonal structure of the C-doped ZnO samples, except for y = 0.10. XRD analysis confirmed a decrease in the unit cell volume after doping C into the ZnO matrix, likely due to the incorporation of carbon at oxygen sites (CO defects) resulting from ionic size differences. The morphological analysis confirmed the presence of hexagonal-shaped nanorods. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy identified C–Zn–C bonding, i.e., CO defects, Zn–O–C bond formation, O–C–O bonding, oxygen vacancies, and sp2-bonded carbon in the C-doped ZnO structure with different compositions. We analyzed the deconvoluted PL visible broadband emission through fitted Gaussian peaks to estimate various defects for electron transition within the bandgap. Raman spectroscopy confirmed the vibrational modes of each constituent. We observed a stronger room-temperature ferromagnetic nature in the y = 0.02 composition with a magnetization of 0.0018 emu/cc, corresponding to the highest CO defects concentration and the lowest measured bandgap (3.00 eV) compared to other samples. Partial density of states analysis demonstrated that magnetism from carbon is dominant due to its p-orbitals. We anticipate that if carbon substitutes oxygen sites in the ZnO structure, the C-2p orbitals become localized and create two holes at each site, leading to enhanced p–p type interactions and strong spin interactions between carbon atoms and carriers. This phenomenon can stabilize the long-range order of room-temperature ferromagnetism properties for spintronic applications.
Comprehensive strength evaluation system of commercial centres based on multi-source data: a case of Hefei central city
Authors: Chen Jingyuan , Gan Zhiqiang , Li Dan , Zhang Yunbin , Wang Cheng , Tao Xiao , Zhu Meng
Published: October 2023

Urban commercial centres are the most concentrated areas of economic activity. Understanding the spatial distribution pattern and comprehensive strength of urban commercial centres is important to guide the reasonable graded allocation of urban commercial space, spatial structure optimization and sustainable development of the commercial economy. Herein, mobile phone signalling data are used to identify the functional connection between recreational and residential places and local spatial autocorrelation analysis is used to identify the 24 commercial centres in the central city of Hefei. The comprehensive strength evaluation system of commercial centres is constructed from their basic conditions and customer consumption behaviours, and their comprehensive strength indices are accordingly measured and graded. The spatial distribution characteristics of commercial centres at all levels are analysed, and optimisation suggestions are made for the whole area and region. The following conclusions are drawn from the results of this study. (1) Compared to traditional single-perspective evaluations, the developed comprehensive strength evaluation system considers supply and demand perspectives for commercial centres, providing a more holistic and accurate portrayal of the strengths of various centres within a region. (2) The current commercial centres are characterised by ‘large dispersion and small concentration’ in spatial and hierarchical distribution. (3) The commercial centres in Hefei have formed a relatively complete ‘first, second, and third level’ commercial centre system, with the first level as the core and relying on the urban road system to form a network spatial connection. (4) Most of the commercial centres are concentrated in the First Ring Road, Swan Lake in the Government Affairs District and Binhu Century Town Estate, while most areas north of the Second Ring Road and Binhu New District still lack large-scale commercial centres. This study provides a technical reference for analysing urban commercial spatial structure patterns and provides decision support for optimising the spatial layout of urban commercial service functions.
Normal variation in pelvic roll motion pattern during straight-line trot in hand in warmblood horses
Authors: Byström A. , Hardeman A. M. , Engell M. T. , Swagemakers J. H. , Koene M. H. W. , Serra-Bragança F. M. , Rhodin M. , Hernlund E.
Published: October 2023

In horses, hip hike asymmetry, i.e. left–right difference in hip upwards movement during hind limb protraction in trot, is a crucial lameness sign. Vertical hip movements are complex, influenced by both pelvic roll and pelvic vertical motion. Veterinarians find it challenging to identify low-grade lameness, and knowledge of normal variation is a prerequisite for discerning abnormalities. This study, which included 100 clinically sound Warmblood horses, aimed to describe normal variation in pelvic roll stride patterns. Data were collected during straight-line trot in hand using optical motion capture. Stride-segmented pelvic roll data, normalised with respect to time (0–100% of the stride) and amplitude (± 0.5 of horse average stride range of motion), were modelled as a linear combination of sine and cosine curves. A sine curve with one period per stride and a cosine curve with three periods per stride explained the largest proportions of roll motion: model estimate 0.335 (p < 0.01) and 0.138 (p < 0.01), respectively. Using finite mixture models, the horses could be separated into three groups sharing common pelvic roll characteristics. In conclusion, pelvic roll motion in trot follows a similar basic pattern in most horses, yet there is significant individual variation in the relative prominence of the most characteristic features.
Optimization of construction safety resource allocation based on evolutionary game and genetic algorithm
Authors: Peng Junlong , Zhang Qi , Feng Yue , Liu Xiangjun
Published: October 2023

In the construction industry, ensuring the safety performance of a project relies heavily on the effective allocation of safety resources. As the importance of mental health in the construction industry increases, evolutionary game theory can be used to analyze the interaction mechanism of various factors affecting safety performance during the construction phase. The objective of this paper is to construct an analytical model that combines evolutionary game theory with genetic algorithms from the perspective of Leader-Member Exchange Ambivalence. The model aims to quantify and compare the various factors that influence achieving the expected safety state and identify the specific necessary constraints. Initially, we analyzed the relationships among construction site employees, divided them into superiors and subordinates, and established a game model and payoff matrix based on the research background. Next, we introduced genetic algorithms into the model via the replicator dynamic equation for optimization. We adjusted the coefficients of safety risk level, psychological expected return, moral identity, and other factors to simulate various construction site scenarios. Simulation and optimization results indicate that genetic algorithms provide more accurate reference values for safety resource allocation compared to preset or manually assigned values.
Collective foraging of active particles trained by reinforcement learning
Authors: Löffler Robert C. , Panizon Emanuele , Bechinger Clemens
Published: October 2023

Collective self-organization of animal groups is a recurring phenomenon in nature which has attracted a lot of attention in natural and social sciences. To understand how collective motion can be achieved without the presence of an external control, social interactions have been considered which regulate the motion and orientation of neighbors relative to each other. Here, we want to understand the motivation and possible reasons behind the emergence of such interaction rules using an experimental model system of light-responsive active colloidal particles (APs). Via reinforcement learning (RL), the motion of particles is optimized regarding their foraging behavior in presence of randomly appearing food sources. Although RL maximizes the rewards of single APs, we observe the emergence of collective behaviors within the particle group. The advantage of such collective strategy in context of foraging is to compensate lack of local information which strongly increases the robustness of the resulting policy. Our results demonstrate that collective behavior may not only result on the optimization of behaviors on the group level but may also arise from maximizing the benefit of individuals. Apart from a better understanding of collective behaviors in natural systems, these results may also be useful in context of the design of autonomous robotic systems.
Eurasian griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus) as a bone modifying agent and its implications for archaeology
Authors: Arilla Maite , Rosell Jordi , Margalida Antoni , Sansó Andreu , Blasco Ruth
Published: October 2023

Neo-taphonomic studies have allowed us to detect bone damage patterns linked to carnivore preferences and behavioral traits as well as to improve our understanding of the origin of different alterations on vertebrate fossil faunas. However, taphonomically speaking vultures are among the least studied of all common, obligate scavengers. The research reported here contributes to characterise Eurasian griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus) behavior from a taphonomic perspective describing bone damage on 12 small-sized ungulate carcasses. The combination of observational data from photo/video-trap together with taphonomic analyses allowed us to manage factors like feeding behavior or time of consumption, as well as to accurately record bone modified items. Some bone-modifying effects are described here for the first time as vulture-made bone-damage distinctiveness. Still, some others may pose equifinality problems especially regarding small carnivores. This taphonomic conundrum leaves an interpretation problem particularly in archaeological sites in which those agents are present and consequently, an individualization dilemma about the taphonomic actors involved in bone modified assemblages.
Routine perioperative blood tests predict survival of resectable lung cancer
Authors: Morelli Daniele , Cantarutti Anna , Valsecchi Camilla , Sabia Federica , Rolli Luigi , Leuzzi Giovanni , Bogani Giorgio , Pastorino Ugo
Published: October 2023

There is growing evidence that inflammatory, immunologic, and metabolic status is associated with cancer patients survival. Here, we built a simple algorithm to predict lung cancer outcome. Perioperative routine blood tests (RBT) of a cohort of patients with resectable primary lung cancer (LC) were analysed. Inflammatory, immunologic, and metabolic profiles were used to create a single algorithm (RBT index) predicting LC survival. A concurrent cohort of patients with resectable lung metastases (LM) was used to validate the RBT index. Charts of 2088 consecutive LC and 1129 LM patients undergoing lung resection were evaluated. Among RBT parameters, C-reactive protein (CRP), lymphocytes, neutrophils, hemoglobin, albumin and glycemia independently correlated with survival, and were used to build the RBT index. Patients with a high RBT index had a higher 5-year mortality than low RBT patients (adjusted HR 1.93, 95% CI 1.62–2.31). High RBT patients also showed a fourfold higher risk of 30-day postoperative mortality (2.3% vs. 0.5%, p 0.0019). The LM analysis validated the results of the LC cohort. We developed a simple and easily available multifunctional tool predicting short-term and long-term survival of curatively resected LC and LM. Prospective external validation of RBT index is warranted.
Determination of tryptophan and its indole metabolites in follicular fluid of women with diminished ovarian reserve
Authors: Liu Ahui , Shen Haofei , Li Qiuyuan , He Juanjuan , Wang Bin , Du Wenjing , Li Guangning , Zhang Mingtong , Zhang Xuehong
Published: October 2023

Tryptophan (TRP) and its indole metabolites exhibit numerous biological effects, especially their antioxidant properties. This study used untargeted metabolomics in conjunction with targeted metabolomics to investigate the differential expression of tryptophan and its indole metabolites in follicular fluid (FF) of diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) and normal ovarian reserve (NOR) populations. This study included patients with DOR (n = 50) and females with NOR (n = 35) who received in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. Untargeted metabolomics suggests that diminished ovarian reserve affects the metabolic profile of FF, TRP and indole metabolites were significantly down-regulated in the DOR group. Targeted metabolomics quantification revealed that the levels of TRP, IPA and IAA in the FF of the DOR group were significantly lower than those of the NOR group (P < 0.01). The concentration of TRP in FF is positively correlated with the available embryo rate in NOR females. These results provide data support to explore the pathogenesis of DOR and to look for new biomarkers and ovarian protectors. Additionally, alterations in TRP and its indole metabolites in FF may indirectly reflect the interaction between intestinal flora and the follicular microenvironment.
Does clinical research account for diversity in deploying digital health technologies?
Authors: Coss Nathan A. , Gaitán J. Max , Adans-Dester Catherine P. , Carruthers Jessica , Fanarjian Manuel , Sassano Caprice , Manuel Solmaz P. , Perakslis Eric
Published: October 2023

Digital health technologies (DHTs) should expand access to clinical research to represent the social determinants of health (SDoH) across the population. The frequency of reporting participant SDoH data in clinical publications is low and is not known for studies that utilize DHTs. We evaluated representation of 11 SDoH domains in 126 DHT-enabled clinical research publications and proposed a framework under which these domains could be captured and subsequently reported in future studies. Sex, Race, and Education were most frequently reported (in 94.4%, 27.8%, and 20.6% of publications, respectively). The remaining 8 domains were reported in fewer than 10% of publications. Medical codes were identified that map to each of the proposed SDoH domains and the resulting resource is suggested to highlight that existing infrastructure could be used to capture SDoH data. An opportunity exists to increase reporting on the representation of SDoH among participants to encourage equitable and inclusive research progress through DHT-enabled clinical studies.
The potential of a multimodal digital care program in addressing healthcare inequities in musculoskeletal pain management
Authors: Areias Anabela C. , Molinos Maria , Moulder Robert G. , Janela Dora , Scheer Justin K. , Bento Virgílio , Yanamadala Vijay , Cohen Steven P. , Correia Fernando Dias , Costa Fabíola
Published: October 2023

Digital interventions have emerged as a solution for time and geographical barriers, however, their potential to target other social determinants of health is largely unexplored. In this post-hoc analysis, we report the impact of social deprivation on engagement and clinical outcomes after a completely remote multimodal musculoskeletal (MSK) digital care program managed by a culturally-sensitive clinical team. Patients were stratified in five categories according to their social deprivation index, and cross-referenced with their race/ethnicity, rurality and distance to healthcare facilities. From a total of 12,062 patients from all U.S. states, 8569 completed the program. Higher social deprivation was associated with greater baseline disease burden. We observed that all categories reported pain improvements (ranging from −2.0 95%CI −2.1, −1.9 to −2.1 95%CI −2.3, −1.9, p < 0.001) without intergroup differences in mean changes or responder rates (from 59.9% (420/701) to 66.6% (780/1172), p = 0.067), alongside reduction in analgesic consumption. We observed significant improvements in mental health and productivity across all categories, with productivity and non-work-related functional recovery being greater within the most deprived group. Engagement was high but varied slightly across categories. Together these findings highlight the importance of a patient-centered digital care program as a tool to address health inequities in musculoskeletal pain management. The idea of investigating social deprivation within a digital program provides a foundation for future work in this field to identify areas of improvement.
Light sheet fluorescence microscopy of cleared human eyes
Authors: Darche Marie , Borella Ysé , Verschueren Anna , Gantar Ivana , Pagès Stéphane , Batti Laura , Paques Michel
Published: October 2023

We provide here a procedure enabling light sheet fluorescence microscopy (LSFM) of entire human eyes after iDISCO + -based clearing (ClearEye) and immunolabeling. Demonstrated here in four eyes, post-processing of LSFM stacks enables three-dimensional (3D) navigation and customized display, including en face viewing of the fundus similarly to clinical imaging, with resolution of retinal capillaries. This method overcomes several limitations of traditional histology of the eyes. Tracing of spatially complex structures such as anterior ciliary vessels and Schlemm’s canal was achieved. We conclude that LSFM of immunolabeled human eyes after iDISCO + -based clearing is a powerful tool for 3D histology of large human ocular samples, including entire eyes, which will be useful in both anatomopathology and in research.
A morpheein equilibrium regulates catalysis in phosphoserine phosphatase SerB2 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Pierson Elise , De Pol Florian , Fillet Marianne , Wouters Johan
Published: October 2023

Mycobacterium tuberculosisphosphoserine phosphataseMtSerB2 is of interest as a new antituberculosis target due to its essential metabolic role in L-serine biosynthesis and effector functions in infected cells. Previous works indicated thatMtSerB2 is regulated through an oligomeric transition induced by L-Ser that could serve as a basis for the design of selective allosteric inhibitors. However, the mechanism underlying this transition remains highly elusive due to the lack of experimental structural data. Here we describe a structural, biophysical, and enzymological characterisation ofMtSerB2 oligomerisation in the presence and absence of L-Ser. We show thatMtSerB2 coexists in dimeric, trimeric, and tetrameric forms of different activity levels interconverting through a conformationally flexible monomeric state, which is not observed in two near-identical mycobacterial orthologs. This morpheein behaviour exhibited byMtSerB2 lays the foundation for future allosteric drug discovery and provides a starting point to the understanding of its peculiar multifunctional moonlighting properties.
The ATF2/miR-3913-5p/CREB5 axis is involved in the cell proliferation and metastasis of colorectal cancer
Authors: Dai Weiyu , Hong Linjie , Xiao Wushuang , Zhang Luyu , Sha Weihong , Yu Zhen , Liu Xuehua , Liu Side , Xiao Yizhi , Yang Ping , Peng Ying , Zhang Jieming , Lin Jianjiao , Wu Xiaosheng , Tang Weimei , Lin Zhizhao , Xiang Li , Li Jiaying , Pei Miaomiao , Wang Jide
Published: October 2023

Various miRNAs have been shown to participate in the tumor progression and development of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the role of miR-3913-5p in CRC are yet to be clearly defined. In the present study, we determine that miR-3913-5p is downregulated in CRC cell lines and CRC tissues. Exogenous miR-3913-5p expression weakens the CRC cells growth, migration and invasion. Mechanistically, miR-3913-5p directly targets the 3’UTR of CREB5. Overexpression of CREB5 reverses the suppression of CRC cells proliferation, migration and invasion induced by miR-3913-5p. Furthermore, ATF2 negatively regulates the transcription of miR-3913-5p by binding to its promoter. CREB5 can cooperate with ATF2. CREB5 is required for ATF2 in regulating miR-3913-5p. Finally, inverse correlations can be found between the expressions of miR-3913-5p and CREB5 or ATF2 in CRC tissues. Thus, a plausible mechanism of ATF2/miR-3913-5p/CREB5 axis regulating CRC progression is elucidated. Our findings suggest that miR-3913-5p functions as a tumor suppressor in CRC. ATF2/miR-3913-5p/CREB5 axis might be a potential therapeutic target against CRC progression.
A rapid multispectral endoscopic imaging system for in vivo assessment of the morphological and physiological characteristics of mouse intestines
Authors: Zhang Yunhe , Lu Yixin , Zhang Zhanqin , Liang Zhuowen , Xiao Qianqian , Shao Kaijian , Wang Yu , Zhang Jiawei , Wang Shuang
Published: October 2023

A multispectral endoscopic imaging system was developed for non-invasively capturing tissue reflection optical images in 18 bands across visible wavelengths.
Mechanistic exploration of syngas conversion at the interface of graphene/Cu(111): identifying the effect of promoted electron transfer on the product selectivity
Authors: Wei Zhongzeng , Bai Bing , Bai Hui , Duan Yongliang , Yang Mingxue , Cao Haojie , Zuo Zhijun , Zuo Jianping , Wang Qiang , Huang Wei
Published: October 2023

The graphene/Cu(111) interface modulates the product selectivity of syngas conversion by promoting the electron transfer in the confined space.
Discovering life's directed metabolic (sub)paths to interpret human biochemical markers using the DSMN tool
Authors: Slenter Denise , Kutmon Martina , Evelo Chris T. , Willighagen Egon L.
Published: October 2023

The Directed Small Molecules Network (DSMN) represents an unweighted, directed, labeled bipartite property graph database, created by integrating several resources for human metabolic reactions through ontological linking.
Semisynthetic polymyxins with potent antibacterial activity and reduced kidney cell toxicity
Authors: Slingerland Cornelis J. , Lysenko Vladyslav , Chaudhuri Samhita , Wesseling Charlotte M. J. , Barnes Devon , Masereeuw Rosalinde , Martin Nathaniel I.
Published: October 2023

A novel series of polymyxin analogues bearing a disulfide linked lipid tail are reported. The most promising variant identified exhibits antibacterial activity equipotent to that of polymyxin B and is >10-fold less toxic towards kidney cells.
Fabrication of water-floating litchi-like polystyrene-sphere-supported TiO2/Bi2O3 S-scheme heterojunction for efficient photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline
Authors: Zhang Wensheng , Tan Qingmei , Liu Tianren , He Ying , Chen Gang , Chen Ke , Han Dongxue , Qin Dongdong , Niu Li
Published: October 2023

The exploration of advanced photocatalysts for antibiotic degradation is critical, but it remains a challenge due to the lack of rational structural design and in-depth insights into molecular oxygen activation.
Quantitative, precise and multi-wavelength evaluation of the light-to-heat conversion efficiency for nanoparticular photothermal agents with calibrated photoacoustic spectroscopy
Authors: Lucas Théotim , Linger Clément , Naillon Thomas , Hashemkhani Mahshid , Abiven Lise , Viana Bruno , Chaneac Corinne , Laurent Gautier , Bazzi Rana , Roux Stéphane , Becharef Sonia , Avveduto Giulio , Gazeau Florence , Gateau Jérôme
Published: October 2023

Multi-wavelength light-to-heat conversion efficiency of dispersed nanoparticles is directly the ratio between the calibrated photoacoustic spectrum and the attenuation spectrum.
Coal waste-derived synthesis of yellow oxidized graphene quantum dots with highly specific superoxide dismutase activity: characterization, kinetics, and biological studies
Authors: Das Tushar , Das Subrata , Kumar Prakash , C.A. Betty , Mandal Debabrata
Published: October 2023

The remediation of coal waste into YGQDs with SOD-specific activity and superoxide ion binding in nanomolar range is reported for the first time. The molecular mechanism of its antioxidative and antiapoptotic properties are confirmed in C6-cells.
Self-switchable polymerization catalysis with monomer mixtures: using a metal-free commercial thiourea catalyst to deliver block polyesters
Authors: Liang Xue , Wang Wenli , Zhao Dan , Liu Hengxu , Zhu Yunqing
Published: October 2023

An easily accessible and cost-effective catalytic system, TU/PPNCl, was developed to produce sequence-controlled multiblock polyesters by self-switchable polymerization from a monomer mixture of epoxides, anhydrides, and cyclic esters.
Thioether-based poly(2-oxazoline)s: from optimized synthesis to advanced ROS-responsive nanomaterials
Authors: Bener Semira , Pavlova Ewa , Beneš Hynek , Sedláček Ondřej
Published: October 2023

Intelligent redox-responsive polymers, such as thioether-containing poly(2-oxazoline)s, facilitate drug delivery and triggered release in biomedical applications.
Pressure-dependent physical properties of cesium–niobium oxide: a comprehensive study
Authors: Bakar Abu , Kiani Muhammad Salman , Nawaz Rab , Wahab Abdul
Published: October 2023

In this study, the effects of high pressure on various properties of CsNbO3 perovskite oxides in the cubic phase were investigated using the pseudopotential approach and Boltzmann transport theory.
Facile fabrication of CoAl-LDH nanosheets for efficient rhodamine B degradation via peroxymonosulfate activation
Authors: Fui Hui , Gao Shumin , Ma Xinran , Huang Yiping
Published: October 2023

An exfoliation strategy of bulk CoAl-LDHs was developed to afford two-dimensional nanosheets by alkali-etching and Ostwald ripening, which exhibited superior catalytic activity compared with bulk CoAl-LDHs and commercial nano-Co3O4.
Photoelectric properties of glass-ceramics containing KTb2F7 nanocrystals for UV detection
Authors: Zhao Zhiguo , Zhang Xian , Niu Xuying , Zhang Rui , Fang Zaijin , Chen Zhi , Jia Hong
Published: October 2023

Oxyfluoride glass-ceramic containing KTb2F7 nanocrystals can convert UV light into visible light, and then the visible light is absorbed by Si-APD to produce a photocurrent. This UV detector has a large dynamic linear response range, fast response speed and high sensitivity.
Self-assembled c-oriented Ni(OH)2 films for enhanced electrocatalytic activity towards the urea oxidation reaction
Authors: Dong Xinwei , Peng Chen , Zhao Xu , Zhang Tao , Liu Yansheng , Xu Guoxiao , Zhou Jin , Guo Fei , Yu Zhiqiang , Jia Xiaobo
Published: October 2023

The self-assembled c-oriented Ni(OH)2 films exhibit exceptional electrocatalytic performance for urea oxidation compared to randomly distributed Ni(OH)2 particles.
Photodegradable antimicrobial agents: towards structure optimization
Authors: Souto de Aquino Gabriel Alves , Nguyen Van Sang Liza , Valery Romane , Lanave Maëlys , Estopiñá-Durán Susana , Håheim Katja S. , Ferreira Sabrina Baptista , Sydnes Magne O.
Published: October 2023

Herein the synthesis of antimicrobial agents that photodecompose after use are described, resulting in a quicker removal of active compounds from the environment. This helps reduce the pollution of antibiotics and assist in the fight against antibiotic resistance.
Influence of core size on self-assembled molecular networks composed of C3h-symmetric building blocks through hydrogen bonding interactions: structural features and chirality
Authors: Maeda Matsuhiro , Oda Kotoka , Hisaki Ichiro , Tahara Kazukuni
Published: October 2023

The effect of the core size on the structure and chirality of self-assembled molecular networks was investigated using two aromatic carboxylic acid derivatives with frameworks displaying C3h symmetry.
Ultrasonic-induced synthesis of novel diverse arylidenes via Knoevenagel condensation reaction. Antitumor, QSAR, docking and DFT assessment
Authors: El-Sayed Ebead Eman , Aboelnaga Asmaa , Nassar Ekhlass , Naguib Mohamed M. , Ismail Mahmoud F.
Published: October 2023

A series of arylidenes derivatives was synthesized under ultrasonic methodology via Knoevenagel condensation reaction of cyanoacetohydrazide derivative with the appropriate aldehydes and/or ketone.
Giant dielectric response, nonlinear characteristics, and humidity sensing properties of a novel perovskite: Na1/3Sr1/3Tb1/3Cu3Ti4O12
Authors: Srilarueang Sirion , Putasaeng Bundit , Sreejivungsa Kaniknun , Thanamoon Noppakorn , Thongbai Prasit
Published: October 2023

In this study, we unveil a novel perovskite compound, Na1/3Sr1/3Tb1/3Cu3Ti4O12, synthesized through a solid-state reaction method, exhibiting remarkable giant dielectric response, nonlinear characteristics, and humidity sensing capabilities.
Integrated sampling-and-sensing using microdialysis and biosensing by particle motion for continuous cortisol monitoring
Authors: van Smeden Laura , de Jong Arthur M. , Prins Menno W. J.
Published: October 2023

The integration of microdialysis with a continuous biosensor was studied to realize a continuous sampling-and-sensing methodology with minimal time delay.
Tribovoltaic effect promotes highly efficient direct current generator
Authors: Pan Xin , Xiang Huijing , Xuan Ziwei , Jie Yang , Cao Xia
Published: October 2023

Currently, extremely high voltage output has been achieved by a direct current triboelectric nanogenerator (DC-TENG) based on semiconductor–semiconductor interfaces.
Engineering different B doping modes on Ru active sites for efficient alkaline hydrogen evolution
Authors: Sun Xuzhuo , Cao Cancan , Fu Yuying , Chen Jing , Li Bo , Fan Liuqing , Yang Jing , Zhang Haibo
Published: October 2023

Two doping modes of B, direct doping on the Ru surface and doping into CNT, both modulate the electron density of Ru for high intrinsic activity, while the latter further improves charge transfer efficiency to accelerate reaction kinetics.
On-site formation of silver decorated carbon as an anodeless electrode for high-energy density all-solid-state batteries
Authors: Jung Yun-Chae , Hwang Chihyun , Kwak Myung-Jun , Jeon Sang-Jin , Lee Yun Jung , Kwak Won-Jin , Kim Hyun-Seung , Kim KyungSu , Cho Woosuk , Yu Ji-Sang
Published: October 2023

Anodeless electrode composed of Ag ion complexes and carbon black was fabricated. All-solid-state batteries with anodeless electrodes exhibited improved cyclability, highlighting the usefulness of anodeless electrodes for this emerging technology.
Recent advances in tailoring stimuli-responsive hybrid scaffolds for cardiac tissue engineering and allied applications
Authors: Mehrotra Shreya , Dey Souradeep , Sachdeva Kunj , Mohanty Sujata , Mandal Biman B.
Published: October 2023

Deciphering the role of stimuli-responsive materials in modulating surrounding matrix properties, and cardiomyocyte maturation and behaviour resulting in generation of functionally active cardiac tissues.
Wool keratin/zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 composite shape memory sponge with synergistic hemostatic performance for rapid hemorrhage control
Authors: Sang Feng , Yang Xiao , Hao Jiahui , Wang Yuzhen , Si Xiaoqin , Li Xujian , Pan Luqi , Ma Zhaipu , Shi Changcan
Published: October 2023

By combining the keratin and ZIF-8 particles, the problems of the poor mechanical properties and lack of antibacterial effect of the keratin sponge was solved. The released by Zn2+ form ZIF-8 acted as crosslinker to form Zn-S with sulfhydryl groups.
Exploring the feasibility of a two-dimensional layered cobalt-based coordination polymer for supercapacitor applications: effect of electrolytic cations
Authors: Deka Rakesh , Rathi Shashank , Mobin Shaikh M.
Published: October 2023

Co-CP, a 2D coordination polymer, synthesized via slow diffusion, serves as a supercapacitor electrode. The kinetic effects of three different electrolytic cations (Na+, K+, and Li+) in 3-electrode and 2-electrode setups were investigated further.
Positionspapier zur Implementierung eines nationalen organisierten Programms in Deutschland zur Früherkennung von Lungenkrebs in Risikopopulationen mittels Low-dose-CT-Screening inklusive Management von abklärungsbedürftigen Screeningbefunden
Authors: Blum Torsten Gerriet , Vogel-Claussen Jens , Andreas Stefan , Bauer Torsten T. , Barkhausen Jörg , Harth Volker , Kauczor Hans-Ulrich , Pankow Wulf , Welcker Katrin , Kaaks Rudolf , Hoffmann Hans ,   Deutsche Röntgengesellschaft,   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin,   Deutsche Gesellschaft für Thoraxchirurgie,   Vorstand der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin: Prof. Dr. med. Wolfram Windisch, Prof. Dr. med. Christian Taube, Prof. Dr. med. Torsten T. Bauer, Prof. Dr. med. Antje Prasse,   Vorstand der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Thoraxchirurgie: Dr. med. Katrin Welcker, Dr. med. Ludger Hillejan, Prof. Dr. med. Hans-Stefan Hofmann, PD Dr. med. habil. Robert Scheubel, Dr. med. Erich Hecker, Prof. Dr. med. Corinna Ludwig, Prof. Dr. med. Thorsten Walles, Prof. Dr. med. Hauke Winter,   Vorstand der Deutschen Röntgengesellschaft: Prof. Dr. med. Konstantin Nikolaou, Prof. Dr. med. Jörg Barkhausen, Prof. Dr. med. Christiane Kuhl, Dr. rer. nat. Frank Anton, Dr. med. Stefan Neuman, Prof. Dr. med. Arnd Dörfler, PD Dr. med. Friederike Körber, Prof. Dr. rer. medic. Martin Fiebich, Prof. Dr. med. Gerald Antoch, Dr. med. Kerstin Westphalen, Prof. Dr. Ulrike Attenberger, Prof. Dr. med. Frank Wacker, Prof. Dr. med. Johannes Weßling
Published: October 2023

Der Prozess zur Implementierung der Lungenkrebsfrüherkennung mit Niedrigdosis-CT (LDCT) in Deutschland hat in den letzten Jahren deutlich an Dynamik gewonnen. Es wird erwartet, dass der von den Fachgesellschaften kommentierte Referentenentwurf des Bundesministeriums für Umwelt, Naturschutz, nukleare Sicherheit und Verbraucherschutz (BMUV) zur Lungenkrebsfrüherkennung noch bis Ende 2023 in Kraft tritt. Basierend auf dieser Verordnung wird der Gemeinsame Bundesausschuss (G-BA) zeitnah ein Programm zur Lungenkrebsfrüherkennung mit LDCT aufsetzten. In diesem Positionspapier stellen die im Lungenkrebsscreening beteiligten Fachgesellschaften erstmals konkrete Eckpunkte für ein einheitliches, strukturiertes und qualitätsgesichertes Früherkennungsprogramm für Lungenkrebs in Deutschland vor, um zu diesem Prozess konstruktiv beizutragen.
Micro-Surgical Treatment of Fetal Myelomeningocele
Authors: Mufarrej Gabriel , Castillo Gonzalo , Brandão Maria Anna , Penteado João Ricardo , Braga Jair , Filho Paulo Niemeyer
Published: October 2023

Introduction Myelomeningocele (MMC) is the most common malformation of the central nervous system compatible with life. We will report the results obtained with the prenatal closure of MMC at the Instituto Estadual do Cérebro Paulo Niemeyer (IECPN).

Objectives Clinical outcome of fetuses undergoing intrauterine MMC repair by the Peralta mini-hysterotomy. Monitor the reduction of Arnold-Chiari II secondary to MMC, reduction of hydrocephalus and also motor development in these children.

Methods Descriptive study of 26 cases with intrauterine MMC repair by mini-hysterotomy, or Peralta technique, performed at the IECPN from December 2017 to February 2020.

Results Between December 2017 and February 2020, 26 pregnant women with children with MMC were operated on using Peralta technique. Fetuses were born at an average gestational age of 34.2 weeks and 8% were born before 30 weeks of gestation. The average birth weight was 2096g. It was possible to observe a significant reduction in the occurrence of Arnold-Chiari II in these patients, as well as an evident improvement in motor function in the neurological examination of these babies at the end of the first month of life, where 20 of 23 babies had active movement in the lower limbs.

Discussion This study demonstrates the correction of fetal MMC through a mini-hysterotomy of 2.5 to 3.5 cm, developed in order to reduce maternal and fetal mortality. This mini-hysterotomy technique is not a minimally invasive procedure, as it is based on open surgery for the treatment of fetal MMC, as recommended by the Management of Myelomeningocele Study (MOMS).
Comparison of Contrast-Enhanced 3D Imaging with 2D Imaging in the Evaluation of Perianal Fistula at 3T: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: KV Abdulla , Arunachalam Venkatesh Kasi , Sherene Haleema , Ethiraju Vijayakumaran , Ranganathan Rupa , SM Gowtham , Rajasekaran Sriman , Mehta Pankaj , Cherian Mathew
Published: October 2023

Introduction Perianal fistula and its recurrence is a challenging entity for surgeons. It is a well-establi1shed fact that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings influence surgical procedures and reduce the rate of recurrence. In this study, we assessed the contrast-enhanced (CE) three dimensional T1 sequences [sampling perfection with application optimized contrast using different flip angle evolution (SPACE) and volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE)] in a 3T MRI system to evaluate perianal fistulas and compared them with two-dimensional (2D) sequences.

Materials and Methods Forty-four patients (mean age, 38.8 ± 15.3 [standard deviation]; 32 males, 12 females) with perianal fistula were included in this prospective study. The patients underwent conventional noncontrast, 2D sequences, diffusion-weighted imaging, followed by postcontrast, 2D T1 images in both axial and coronal planes, and 3D sequences at 3T. Acquisition times were recorded for each sequence. Each postcontrast sequence was evaluated in terms of image quality, presence of artifacts, fistula type, presence of an abscess, visibility, and number of internal orifices. The surgical findings were considered the gold standard. The imaging findings were compared with the surgical findings.

Results In all three sequences, the fistula type and abscess were identified correctly in all patients. The sensitivity value for identification of ramifications utilizing CE 3D T1 VIBE sequence, CE 3D T1 SPACE, and CE 2D T1 images was 100, 86, and 36%, respectively. The number of internal orifices was identified by the CE 3D T1 VIBE and CE 3D T1 SPACE sequences in 100 and 92% of patients, respectively. CE 2D T1 images correctly identified internal orifices in 80% of patients. The overall scan time for each 3D sequence was shorter than for the combined postcontrast 2D sequences.

Conclusion CE 3D T1 SPACE and CE 3D T1 VIBE sequences outperformed conventional CE 2D sequences in the evaluation of perianal fistulas in terms of visibility and the number of internal orifices with a shorter scanning time. Among the 3D sequences, CE 3D T1 VIBE is slightly superior to CE 3D T1 SPACE sequence.
On the transparency of the credit reporting system in China
Authors: Chen Mo , Bogner Kristina , Becheva Joana , Grossklags Jens
Published: October 2023

In recent years, credit reporting agencies are under pressure to reform themselves to reach higher levels of transparency. In this context, the critically considered digitally-implemented credit reporting system in China—the Chinese Social Credit System (SCS)—is of particular interest. Compared to traditional credit reporting systems, the SCS has a wider range of goals, including enhancing social control, establishing a state-defined notion of trustworthiness and increasing market efficiency. It covers not only Chinese citizens, companies, and organizations but also foreign ones which have activities in or with China. This paper studies the transparency of the SCS from the perspective of foreign organizations. We conducted interviews with employees from German organizations that are engaged in commercial activities in or with China to understand how transparent the SCS is to them and to gather their perceptions about the role of the system in increasing the transparency of the Chinese business landscape. Our analysis of the interviews showcased an interesting contrast between reservations with respect to the system’s transparency and the belief that the SCS would enhance the transparency of the Chinese business landscape. Drawing on our analysis of the interviews, we discuss factors affecting SCS transparency and the role of the SCS in increasing corporate transparency. We further highlight that there are inherent limits when credit rating systems (such as the SCS) aim to provide transparency about market participants, while pursuing other objectives at the same time.
Cooling island effect in urban parks from the perspective of internal park landscape
Authors: Cai Xiaoyu , Yang Jun , Zhang Yuqing , Xiao Xiangming , Xia Jianhong
Published: October 2023

Urban parks can effectively reduce surface temperatures, which is an important strategic approach to reducing the urban heat island effect. Quantifying the cooling effect of urban parks and identifying their main internal influencing factors is important for improving the urban thermal environment, achieving maximum cooling benefits, and improving urban sustainability. In this study, we extracted data frobut this is often unrealisticm 28 urban parks in Zhengzhou, China. We combined multivariate data, such as Landsat 8 data, to retrieve the land surface temperature (LST), extract the park interior landscape, and quantify the cooling effect using three cooling indices: park cooling distance (L∆max), temperature difference magnitude (∆Tmax), and temperature gradient (Gtemp). Furthermore, the relationship between the internal landscape characteristics of the park and the average LST and cooling indices of the park was analyzed. The results showed that different buffer ranges affect the LST-distance fitting results of urban parks, and a 300-m buffer zone is the optimal fitting interval. However, specific parks should be analyzed to select the optimal buffer range and reduce the cooling index calculation errors. Additionally, the mean values of LST, ∆Tmax, L∆max, and Gtemp for the 28 parks in Zhengzhou were 34.11, 3.22 °C, 194.02 m, and 1.78 °C/hm, respectively. Park perimeter (PP), park area, internal green area (GA), and landscape shape index (LSI) were both significantly correlated with ∆Tmax and the main factors associated with maintaining a low LST in parks. L∆max was mainly affected by the GA, LSI, and perimeter-area ratio, whereas Gtemp was positively correlated with PP. Finally, the threshold value of efficiency for parks in Zhengzhou was 0.83 ha, and comprehensive parks showed optimal cooling in every aspect.
Numerical analysis of a flat plate collector using different types of parallel tube geometry
Authors: Islam Rafiqul , Ali Md Hasan , Pratik Nahyan Ahnaf , Lubaba Nafisa , Miyara Akio
Published: October 2023

To obtain improved thermal performance of flat plate solar collectors, the effect of square and rectangular riser tubes of a flat plate collector (FPC) were numerically investigated and compared with circular riser tube FPC in the present study. For this purpose, a three-dimensional numerical model for FPC collectors has been developed and simulated in CFD software ANSYS FLUENT. Transient thermal performance analysis is carried out to find out the optimum geometrical configuration of the FPC riser tube. The numerical results indicated that using the square-shaped riser tube in FPC improves the collector’s useful heat exchange rate as well as thermal efficiency as compared to the use of circular and rectangular riser tubes. There is a maximum 8.1% higher heat exchange rate of the collector with a square riser tube than a circular riser tube under the same operating conditions. The average efficiency of the collector with the circular tube is 65.95%, whereas the square tube has the highest efficiency of 70.44%. However, the pressure drops through the square and rectangular riser geometry are higher than the circular tube. By making a balance between enhanced heat exchange rate and increased pressure drop, the performance evaluation criterion was evaluated and the square-shaped riser tube having the highest value of 2.65 is better than the other configurations. The results clearly indicate that the collector’s performance is notably influenced by the shape of the riser tube, with a square shape yielding superior performance.
The perspectives of diamond for 3H and 63Ni betavoltaic power sources, comparison with 4H–SiC
Authors: Maximenko Sergey I.
Published: October 2023

Recently, power sources that utilize radioisotope energy conversion, specifically the betavoltaic effect, have gained more attention due to the increasing demand for energy-efficient technologies in new electronics. These power sources are capable of delivering electrical power continuously over periods of years. Among various semiconductors, 4H–SiC and diamond are the most desirable materials for building betavoltaic structures. Although 4H–SiC betavoltaics are commercially available and have been demonstrated, diamond is still an emerging material. However, recent advancements in diamond technology, such as the demonstration of bipolar structures—a necessary requirement for high-efficiency betavoltaics—make it a promising candidate for building practical betavoltaic devices in the near future. This study aims to evaluate the potential of diamond bipolar structures for betavoltaic applications using 3H and 63Ni sources and compare the results with 4H–SiC at both room and elevated temperatures, taking into account the current level of materials technology development. The electrical parameters of these structures are estimated using the Monte Carlo transport tool GEANT4 coupled with the finite-element device simulator TCAD SILVACO. The simulation results are compared with existing experimental data for both 4H–SiC and diamond devices.