bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
On addressing ‘Whiteness’ during clinical psychology training
Authors: Wood Nicholas , Patel Nimisha
Published: August 2017

In discussing ‘Whiteness’, a context is provided as to current issues facing British clinical psychology, with an overview of the history of clinical psychology in the United Kingdom, and a particular focus on how issues of immigration, diversity, and racism have been addressed. Following this, the constantly changing training context of clinical psychologists within Britain is explored, with lacunae evident around confronting institutional racism and Black trainee experiences. The history of addressing this issue within the University of East London’s clinical psychology training programme is outlined, as well as the recent introduction of workshops to focus on ‘Whiteness’ and ‘decolonising’ the profession, in response to consistent trainee concerns. This is integrated with respect to focusing on the sorts of psychologists that might be needed to advance and transform the profession positively in the current global political climate.
Improving research methods for the study of geography and mental health: Utilization of social networking data and the ESRI GeoEvent Processor
Authors: McLaughlin Courtney L.
Published: August 2017

The purpose of this article is to review the literature on geography and mental health, report on a case example using new methods for studying this topic, and provide recommendations for future research. Over 25 years ago, Holley (1988) conducted a review of the literature on geography and mental health and astutely stated, ‘… it is surprising that geographic study designs … have not received greater attention as an important and viable method of assessing population mental health’ (p. 535). In 1997, Parr echoed a similar statement, indicating that little has been researched on this topic and suggested this area be termed ‘geography of mental health’. Decades later, these statements still hold true – researchers have given little attention to the intersection of geography and mental health. Yet, there is great potential for this research to expand in a way that may be of great benefit to those studying mental health as well as the many suffering with mental health problems. In this aricle, a case example is provided to demonstrate the possibilities of utilizing current technologies, Twitter and the ESRI GeoEvent Processor, to expand the methods for research on this topic.
The Predictability of Analyst Forecast Revisions
Authors: Jung Michael J. , Keeley Jessica H. , Ronen Joshua
Published: August 2017

The most prevalent forecasts of firms’ long-term earnings issued by analysts are 2-year-ahead earnings per share (EPS) estimates. When introduced by analysts, 2-year-ahead EPS estimates set market expectations for firms’ future earnings. Subsequent revisions to these estimates are highly correlated with contemporaneous changes in stock prices. We examine whether such revisions are sufficiently predictable to enable investors to earn abnormal returns on hedged portfolios. We find that analyst forecast revisions are predictable and document an implementable strategy for investors. Consistent with investors’ fixation on unscaled EPS, the strategy earns positive abnormal returns using unscaled EPS revisions but not when revisions are scaled by the level of the EPS estimate or the stock price. Abnormal returns are found for firms with low analyst coverage, consistent with a greater initial mispricing from analyst optimism for firms with poorer information environments.
Using MD&A to Improve Earnings Forecasts
Authors: Bochkay Khrystyna , Levine Carolyn B.
Published: August 2017

In this article, we combine narrative disclosures in the Management Discussion and Analysis (MD&A) Section of 10-K reports with financial variables to generate explicit firm-level forecasts of 1-year-ahead return on equity (ROE). Testing our forecasts out-of-sample, we find that models enhanced with MD&A disclosures are more accurate than models using quantitative financial variables alone. We also find that text-enhanced models are as good as or better than analyst consensus forecasts for small firms and firms with low analyst following. We provide evidence on the informativeness of the MD&A section across different firm characteristics. We find that firms with large changes in future performance, negative future performance, high investor scrutiny, high distress risk, high positive accruals, and high value relevance of earnings have more informative MD&A disclosures, whereas younger firms and firms facing greater market risk and litigation exposure have less informative MD&As. Our results are robust to alternative empirical choices regarding benchmarks and specifications. Overall, our inferences are consistent with MD&A disclosures positively contributing to firms’ information environments.
Higher Inequality Increases the Gap in the Perceived Merit of the Rich and Poor
Authors: Heiserman Nicholas , Simpson Brent
Published: August 2017

The rewards people receive are often taken as indirect evidence of their merit. We outline an argument that addresses how the magnitude of macrolevel income inequalities affects perceptions of the distribution of merit in a society. We propose that higher levels of economic inequality will lead to perceptions of greater differences in merit such that societies with higher inequality will be characterized by a larger “merit gap,” namely, larger differences in the perceived merit of the rich and poor. We test these arguments using an online experiment that manipulated the level of inequality (high vs. low) in an anonymized society. Participants perceived a larger merit gap in high versus low inequality societies. Our arguments and findings have implications for attitudes about inequality and redistributive policies.
Creating a culture of calm
Authors: Kane Michele
Published: August 2017

In this article, the practice of mindfulness is examined as a useful tool to address the internal and external stressors that occur daily for gifted students and their teachers. A culture of calm can be created when these simple, effective, and inexpensive evidence-based strategies are implemented within the classroom. Beyond enhancing empathy and compassion, mindfulness sharpens awareness and strengthens executive functions, fosters keen visualization, and encourages innovation and intuition. Opportunities for deep learning are optimal when a peaceful environment is generated collaboratively which encourages focused attention and a sense of well-being.
Measurement of gaseous microemboli in the prime before the initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass
Authors: Husebråten Inger M. , Fiane Arnt E. , Ringdal Mari-Anne I.L. , Thiara Amrit P.S.
Published: August 2017

Introduction:

The use of cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with a risk of neurocognitive deficit caused by gaseous microemboli. Flushing the empty bypass circuit with carbon dioxide, which is more soluble than air, may reduce the amount of gaseous microemboli in the priming solution before the initiating of cardiopulmonary bypass.

Method:

We measured the amount of gaseous microemboli in twenty primed bypass circuits. Ten circuits were flushed with carbon dioxide before being primed and ten circuits were non-flushed. All circuits in both groups were primed with crystalloid priming. An ultrasonic clinical bubble counter was used to count gaseous microemboli in the prime for 20 minutes.

Results:

The median numbers of gaseous microemboli counts were highest during the first minute in both groups, with a significantly lower median value in the group flushed with carbon dioxide (397.5) versus the non-flushed group (1900). In the 20th minute, the median values of gaseous microemboli were significantly lower (p<0.023) in the flushed (0.5) versus non-flushed (10.75) groups. The gaseous microembolic count in the flushed group remained lower than in the non-flushed group when tested minute by minute throughout the whole 20-minute period.

Conclusion:

Flushing the bypass circuits with carbon dioxide before priming significantly decreased the number of gaseous microemboli in the priming solution.
Death anxiety interventions in patients with advanced cancer: A systematic review
Authors: Grossman Christopher H , Brooker Joanne , Michael Natasha , Kissane David
Published: August 2017

Background:

Death anxiety is a common issue in adult patients with advanced cancer and can have a large impact on quality of life and end-of-life care. Interventions are available to assist but are scarcely used in everyday practice.

Aim:

To assess quantitative studies on interventions for adult patients with advanced cancer suffering from death anxiety.

Data sources:

MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase and CINAHL were searched to identify quantitative or mixed studies on death anxiety or relatable existential intervention studies in advanced cancer patients published from 1990 to December 2016. Two reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts and assessed relevant studies for eligibility. Data were then extracted from included studies for analysis.

Results:

Nine unique quantitative studies were identified, including five randomised controlled trials, involving a total overall of 1179 advanced cancer patients. All studies were psychotherapeutic in nature and centred on existential themes such as meaning, dignity, relationships and spiritual well-being. The therapies investigated shared overlapping themes but varied in duration, therapist experience, training required and burden on patient. Heterogeneity of studies and measures prevented determination of an overall effect size.

Conclusion:

Interventions were identified for this clinical scenario of death anxiety in patients with advanced cancer. Therapies of short duration incorporating spiritual well-being and those evoking a sense of meaning were claimed to be the most beneficial, despite lacking rigorous statistical analysis. More high-quality studies with tailored outcome measures are required to fully evaluate the most effective interventions for death anxiety in patients with advanced cancer.
β1-integrin–matrix interactions modulate cerebral microvessel endothelial cell tight junction expression and permeability
Authors: Izawa Yoshikane , Gu Yu-Huan , Osada Takashi , Kanazawa Masato , Hawkins Brian T , Koziol James A , Papayannopoulou Thalia , Spatz Maria , del Zoppo Gregory J
Published: August 2017

Acutely following focal cerebral ischemia disruption of the microvessel blood–brain barrier allows transit of plasma proteins into the neuropil as edema formation that coincides with loss of microvessel endothelial β1-integrins. We extend previous findings to show that interference with endothelial β1-integrin–matrix adhesion by the monoclonal IgM Ha2/5 increases the permeability of primary cerebral microvascular endothelial cell monolayers through reorganization of claudin-5, occludin, and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) from inter-endothelial borders. Interference with β1-integrin–matrix adhesion initiates F-actin conformational changes that coincide with claudin-5 redistribution. β1-integrin–matrix interference simultaneously increases phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC), while inhibition of MLC kinase (MLCK) and Rho kinase (ROCK) abolishes the Ha2/5-dependent increased endothelial permeability by 6 h after β1-integrin–matrix interference. These observations are supported by concordant observations in the cortex of a high-quality murine conditional β1-integrin deletion construct. Together they support the hypothesis that detachment of β1-integrins from abluminal matrix ligands increases vascular endothelial permeability through reorganization of tight junction (TJ) proteins via altered F-actin conformation, and indicate that the β1-integrin–MLC signaling pathway is engaged when β1-integrin detachment occurs. These findings provide a novel approach to the research and treatment of cerebral disorders where the breakdown of the blood–brain barrier accounts for their progression and complication.
Distribution of dental plaque and gingivitis within the dental arches
Authors: Sreenivasan Prem K. , Prasad Kakarla V.V.
Published: August 2017

Objective

The natural accumulation of supragingival plaque on surfaces of human teeth is associated with gingival inflammation and the initiation of common oral diseases. This study evaluated the distribution of dental plaque and gingivitis scores within the dental arches after prophylaxis.

Methods

Adult subjects from the Dharwad, India area representing the general population who provided written informed consent were scheduled for screening. Healthy subjects over the age of 18 years, not currently requiring any medical or dental care, and presenting with a complement of at least 20 natural teeth were recruited for this parallel design study. Enrolled subjects (n = 41) underwent oral examinations for dental plaque (PI) and gingivitis (GI) using the Turesky modification of the Quigley-Hein and the Löe-Silness Index, respectively, at the baseline visit, followed by a whole mouth dental prophylaxis. Subjects were given fluoride toothpaste for twice daily oral hygiene for the next 30 days. Subjects were recalled on days 15 and 30 for PI and GI examinations identical to baseline.

Results

Analyses indicated that mean scores for PI and GI on either arch and the whole mouth were higher than 2 and 1, respectively, during all examinations. Anterior surfaces consistently exhibited lower PI scores than posterior regions of either arch, or the entire dentition. Regional GI differences within the dentition were similar to PI scores, with lower scores on anterior than posterior teeth. Prophylaxis reduced both the frequency and mean scores of both PI and GI, irrespective of arch, with lower scores observed on anterior than posterior regions during all recall visits. Molar and lingual regions consistently exhibited higher PI and GI scores compared with anterior surfaces. At all examinations, mean scores for both plaque and gingivitis were higher on approximal vestibular than mid-vestibular surfaces.

Conclusions

Differences observed in PI and GI within the dentition have several practical implications: (a) there are advantages of whole mouth assessments for oral health (b) a need for oral hygiene formulations to reduce the larger deposits of dental plaque in the posterior region and resultant gingival inflammation, and (c) a requirement for ongoing oral hygiene education.
Sociodemographic Predictors of Sex Offender Stigma: How Politics Impact Attitudes, Social Distance, and Perceptions of Sex Offender Recidivism
Authors: DeLuca Joseph S. , Vaccaro John , Rudnik Amalia , Graham Nicole , Giannicchi Anna , Yanos Philip T.
Published: August 2017

Stigma toward general criminal offenders has been found to be particularly salient among community members who identify as politically conservative; however, less is known about how political identification relates to stigma toward sex offenders. This is a particularly important area of inquiry, given that criminal jurisprudence and politics legitimatize stigmatizing labels attributed to sex offenders through laws and policies that apply specifically to this group. A nonrandom sample ( N = 518) of participants living in the United States was recruited for this survey study. Findings indicated that a specific aspect of conservative political ideology—right-wing authoritarianism (RWA)—significantly predicts negative attitudes and intended social distancing behavior toward sex offenders, even when controlling for other important predictors, such as education and prior contact. RWA was found to be the strongest predictor of negative attitudes and estimations of sex offender recidivism, and also significantly predicted intended social distancing behavior. Implications for addressing stigma toward sex offenders are discussed.
Educated to be global: Transnational horizons of middle class students in Kerala, India
Authors: Forsberg Sara
Published: August 2017

The growing young middle class in India is often portrayed as encompassing a ‘global sensitivity’. International mobility is one strategy for middle class families to gain a positional advantage on a competitive labour market. Negotiating place attachment and global horizons may create a range of possibilities often attached to discourses of individualization and self-realization. This paper analyses young people’s dispositions towards mobility in the transition from education to work by drawing on Bourdieu’s central concepts of symbolic capital and habitus. Interviews with students in higher secondary school in Kerala’s state capital Thiruvananthapuram, southwest India, covered broad themes like future expectations, skills and knowledge, everyday whereabouts and family life which were discussed in relation to a perceived activity space. I argue that young people’s future aspirations are shaped in a profound way by the history of Kerala’s in and out migration, and draw attention to differences within the middle class where transnational capital distinguishes rather than unifies ‘Indian youth’. Furthermore, this paper unpacks the complex, variegated images of different cities, countries and regions as symbols of cultural or economic capital in Malayali students’ expectations of their future education and employment.
Wavelet neural network–based wind speed forecasting and application of shuffled frog leap algorithm for economic dispatch with prohibited zones incorporating wind power
Authors: Meyyappan Ulagammai
Published: August 2017

Wind speed and wind power generation are characterized by their inherent variability and uncertainty. To overcome this drawback, an accurate prediction of wind speed is essential. The purpose of this article is to develop a hybrid wavelet neural network model for wind speed forecasting and thus, in turn, for wind power generation. The combined optimal economic scheduling of the wind generators and conventional generators has also been investigated in this article. This article proposes shuffled frog leap algorithm for solving economic dispatch problem in power systems. The non-linear characteristics of the generator such as prohibited operating zone and non-smooth functions are considered. The feasibility of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated for 5 units, 6 units and 15 units systems and it is compared with the existing solution techniques. The results show that the proposed algorithm is indeed capable of handling economic dispatch problems.
Case report: Wallenberg’s syndrome, a possible cause of symptomatic epicrania fugax
Authors: Jaimes Alex , García-Sáez Rafael , Gutiérrez-Viedma Álvaro , Cuadrado María-Luz
Published: August 2017

Background

Epicrania fugax has been described as a primary headache. Nevertheless, a symptomatic form was recently found in a patient with a skull base meningioma abutting the trigeminal nerve. Here we report on a patient with facial pain with the features of epicrania fugax occurring after Wallenberg’s syndrome.

Case report

A 53-year-old man suffered a right-sided dorsolateral medullary ischaemic stroke. Nine months later, he presented with brief electric shock-like paroxysms of pain stemming from the right eye and radiating to the ipsilateral forehead, the temple or the cheek in a zigzag trajectory. Some episodes were accompanied by ipsilateral conjunctival injection and eyelid oedema. Treatment with eslicarbazepine abolished the pain.

Conclusion

A pain with the features of epicrania fugax may be associated with medullary lesions. This finding suggests that the central trigeminal pathways and/or the spinal trigeminal nucleus may play an important role in the pathophysiology of this type of pain.
Cloxacillin induced agranulocytosis: A rare adverse event of a commonly used antibiotic
Authors: Mani Selvin Sundar Raj , Iyyadurai Ramya
Published: August 2017

Cloxacillin, a semisynthetic penicillin is a potent inhibitor of most penicillinase-producing Staphylococci. Use of high doses of Cloxacillin for 6 weeks is recommended for the treatment of infective endocarditis caused by methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). Here, we report a case of Cloxacillin-induced agranulocytosis in a patient treated for MSSA native tricuspid valve endocarditis, which was resolved after discontinuation of the antibiotic. This case report highlights a rare adverse event of a commonly used antibiotic.
Co-digestion of agricultural and municipal waste to produce energy and soil amendment
Authors: Macias-Corral Maritza A , Samani Zohrab A , Hanson Adrian T , Funk Paul A
Published: August 2017

In agriculture, manure and cotton gin waste are major environmental liabilities. Likewise, grass is an important organic component of municipal waste. These wastes were combined and used as substrates in a two-phase, pilot-scale anaerobic digester to evaluate the potential for biogas (methane) production, waste minimisation, and the digestate value as soil amendment. The anaerobic digestion process did not show signs of inhibition. Biogas production increased during the first 2 weeks of operation, when chemical oxygen demand and volatile fatty acid concentrations and the organic loading rate to the system were high. Chemical oxygen demand from the anaerobic columns remained relatively steady after the first week of operation, even at high organic loading rates. The experiment lasted about 1 month and produced 96.5 m3 of biogas (68 m3 of CH4) per tonne of waste. In terms of chemical oxygen demand to methane conversion efficiency, the system generated 62% of the theoretical methane production; the chemical oxygen demand/volatile solids degradation rate was 62%, compared with the theoretical 66%. The results showed that co-digestion and subsequent digestate composting resulted in about 60% and 75% mass and volume reductions, respectively. Digestate analysis showed that it can be used as a high nutrient content soil amendment. The digestate met Class A faecal coliform standards (highest quality) established in the United States for biosolids. Digestion and subsequent composting concentrated the digestate nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium content by 37%, 24%, and 317%, respectively. Multi-substrate co-digestion is a practical alternative for agricultural waste management, minimisation of landfill disposal, and it also results in the production of valuable products.
Beyond Yes or No: Understanding Undergraduate Students’ Responses as Bystanders to Sexual Assault Risk Situations
Authors: Hoxmeier Jill C. , McMahon Sarah , O’Connor Julia
Published: August 2017

The White House Task Force to Protect Students From Sexual Assault recommends bystander engagement programming as part of campus sexual assault prevention efforts. Measuring students’ bystander behavior, and thus, assessing the effectiveness of such programming, is a challenging endeavor due to the range of risk situations students may witness, as well as the nuances in potential barriers students may face in these situations. Currently, many studies include dichotomous measures of bystander behavior without gathering further information about students’ opportunities to intervene, barriers to intervening, and intervention strategies. The current study sought to implement a more comprehensive approach to understanding the types of sexual assault risk situations students report to witness, as well as their response in those situations, reasons for not intervening, and any gender differences therein. In 2014, undergraduate students ( n = 9,358) at a large, public university in the Northeast completed a web-based survey to assess bystander opportunities and responses for six different risk situations. Results show that prosocial bystander responses varied depending on the risk situation. Of those students with opportunities to intervene, noninterveners reported the situation was “none of their business” or that they were “unsure of what to do.” Interveners reported to have either “confronted the situation directly” or “went and got assistance.” We also observed significant gender differences in students’ reported intervention opportunities and bystander responses. The findings of this study have several important implications for bystander engagement programming and future research.
Women in leader roles within higher education in Bangladesh
Authors: Ahad Lamia Rahman , Gunter Helen
Published: August 2017

Women have long been under-represented in organization leader roles within higher education. Research has identified, mapped and examined the data, with recommendations for change. The research reported in this article adds to current knowledge, and raises methodological questions by focusing on senior female leaders in higher education in Bangladesh. Using a narrative approach to the construction of professional biographies, the study seeks to explore and understand the complex situations that Bangladeshi women in leader roles encounter and negotiate in their work and careers. This project makes a contribution to the field through not only adding more evidence, but also providing new insights into the contextual context in which women are aspiring to and securing senior roles. In addition, we help to inform the research design agenda by identifying a lack of information regarding the composition of the higher education workforce in Bangladesh, where the data in the public domain are neither sufficient nor robust.
Motion-based active disturbance rejection control for a non-linear full-car suspension system
Authors: Li Panshuo , Lam James , Cheung Kie Chung
Published: August 2017

This paper investigates the vibration attenuation problem of a non-linear full-car suspension system and aims to stabilize the vehicle attitude to provide a good ride quality. First, with respect to heave motion, pitch motion and roll motion, the full-car suspension system is separated into three interconnected subsystems. For each subsystem, corresponding motion-based controllers are designed to attenuate the vibrations of the sprung mass. A non-linear tracking differentiator is used to track the reference signal and to obtain its derivative. An extended state observer is established to estimate the total disturbance, which includes all the uncertainties and the external disturbance. Based on the principle of active disturbance rejection control, proportional–derivative and fuzzy proportional–derivative controllers are designed to control the resulting linear system with total disturbance compensation. Finally, four actuator forces are computed online using the three motion-based controllers obtained. Simulations are carried out in different road conditions; the results illustrate the merits of the proposed control method.
Spacecraft attitude estimation based on matrix Kalman filter and recursive cubature Kalman filter
Authors: Zhang Tao , Xu Xiang , Wang Zhicheng
Published: August 2017

An interlaced matrix Kalman filter, which is based on vector observations and gyro measurements, is proposed for spacecraft attitude estimation in this paper. It combines the matrix Kalman filter and cubature Kalman filter to estimate spacecraft attitude and gyro drift bias, respectively. The defects of the original matrix Kalman filter, which could only estimate the attitude parameters of spacecraft, are addressed by the proposed interlaced matrix Kalman filter. In addition, the dimensions of cubature Kalman filter for conventional attitude estimation method are reduced by the designed recursive algorithm. It is noted that the two filters are not independent with each other. Firstly, the attitude quaternion of spacecraft is estimated by the modified matrix Kalman filter. Then, the estimated quaternion is input for the recursive cubature Kalman filter, which is used to estimate the gyro drift bias. Finally, the estimated gyro drift bias is compensated for the measurements of the gyros. Therefore, the precision of the estimated attitude of spacecraft is improved by the interacting process of the modified matrix Kalman filter and recursive cubature Kalman filter. A simulation test is designed to verify the advantage of the proposed method by comparing with the previous method, and the results indicate that the proposed algorithm has better performance on convergence rate and stability.
Mutualistic Coupling Between Vocabulary and Reasoning Supports Cognitive Development During Late Adolescence and Early Adulthood
Authors: Kievit Rogier A. , Lindenberger Ulman , Goodyer Ian M. , Jones Peter B. , Fonagy Peter , Bullmore Edward T. ,   the Neuroscience in Psychiatry Network, Dolan Raymond J.
Published: August 2017

One of the most replicable findings in psychology is the positive manifold: the observation that individual differences in cognitive abilities are universally positively correlated. Investigating the developmental origin of the positive manifold is crucial to understanding it. In a large longitudinal cohort of adolescents and young adults ( N = 784; n = 563 across two waves, mean interval between waves = 1.48 years; age range = 14–25 years), we examined developmental changes in two core cognitive domains, fluid reasoning and vocabulary. We used bivariate latent change score models to compare three leading accounts of cognitive development: g-factor theory, investment theory, and mutualism. We showed that a mutualism model, which proposes that basic cognitive abilities directly and positively interact during development, provides the best account of developmental changes. We found that individuals with higher scores in vocabulary showed greater gains in matrix reasoning and vice versa. These dynamic coupling pathways are not predicted by other accounts and provide a novel mechanistic window into cognitive development.
Gendered representations through speech: The case of the Harry Potter series
Authors: Eberhardt Maeve
Published: August 2017

This study considers the text of the Harry Potter novels to understand the way in which gender is represented. The analysis centers on the two sidekick characters, Hermione Granger and Ron Weasley, cataloging the way in which their direct speech is reported throughout the series. From a wide-lens perspective, verbs used for each of these characters are largely the same. However, a more fine-grained analysis reveals patterns of asymmetry that also reflect broader cultural ideologies about gender, reproducing stereotypical views about ‘essential’ differences between females and males for the millions of readers that comprise the audience of these fictional works.
Muddling Through the Passage of Qualitative Research: Experiences of a Novice Researcher
Authors: Saxena Richa
Published: August 2017

The article is written as a travelogue by the author while exploring the passage of qualitative research in her maiden independent research work—her dissertation. The author describes in the article how her journey of qualitative research took shape right from the take-off point: the choice of topic and methodology to the data collection, analysis and presentation of the findings. The article also throws light on the various experiences of the researcher during the journey including the issues and challenges faced by her in different stages of the study like the research proposal stage, data collection stage and the data analysis stage. The objective of the article is to familiarize the qualitative researchers, who are currently at the beginner stage, with the possible issues and pitfalls of qualitative research process. For that the author has used her own experiences to explain the nuances of the process. In the article, the author also highlights that irrespective of the challenges faced in the process how the research study helped her in developing herself as a better researcher and a wiser person, making her efforts fruitful and providing her a sense of achievement.
The Nature and Patterns of Nigeria–India Economic Relations: A Historical Analysis
Authors: Eiguedo-Okoeguale H. E.
Published: August 2017

External relations between states are not conducted in a vacuum; they are conducted within particular contexts. Over the years, a number of factors have determined the relations and patterns of interactions between Nigeria and India. This study focuses on the economic aspects of Indo-Nigerian relations and explores how they have affected nation-building efforts in the two countries. It argues that as postcolonial states, the economic relations between Nigeria and India are continuously guided by the principles of identity, reciprocity and interdependence. It further argues that, although India and Nigeria have different levels of development, economic relations between the two countries are conducted using the non-zero-sum game approach, which makes it possible for both the countries to mutually gain (or lose) depending on the commodities of trade or investment area. This article is organised in five sections. The first is the introduction, which lays the background for the study. The second aspect focuses on the nature of India’s economy since independence. The third part examines Nigeria’s economic sector, while the fourth section discuses Indo-Nigerian investment relations. The fifth section concludes the article and provides recommendations for policymakers. It establishes that trade and joint investments yield development and prosperity to both countries by providing opportunities for national integration.
Ethiopia’s Asian Options: A Collage of African and Asian Entanglements
Authors: Eckl Frauke Katharina , Mageza-Barthel Rirhandu , Thubauville Sophia
Published: August 2017

Africa–Asia relations are a controversial subject at the moment and many authors have attempted to shed light on what the renewed relations between Africa and Asia entail. Some have denounced what they see as a ‘New Scramble for Africa’, while others have identified the possibilities offered by these new South–South relations and have drawn attention to the impact of African agency in this new constellation. This article follows on from these discussions by reading the growing global dynamic as a collage of African and Asian entanglements. It is based on research conducted within the University of Frankfurt’s Inter-Centre programme on Africa’s Asian Options (AFRASO). In line with the programme’s empirical, comparative and trans-regional objectives, the three authors conduct research on the interactions between Africa and Asia.1
Book Review: Joost Fontein, Remaking Mutirikwi: Landscape, Water and Belonging in Southern Zimbabwe
Authors: Masakure Clement
Published: August 2017

Joost Fontein, Remaking Mutirikwi: Landscape, Water and Belonging in Southern Zimbabwe, James Currey, Suffolk, 2015, xxiv+340 pp., £45.00 (Hardback), ISBN: 978-1-84701-112-1.
Aggressive Versus Conservative Initial Diuretic Dosing in the Emergency Department for Acute Decompensated Heart Failure
Authors: Catlin James R. , Adams Christopher B. , Louie Daniel J. , Wilson Machelle D. , Louie Erin N.
Published: August 2017

Background:Intravenous (IV) loop diuretics are recommended to relieve vascular congestion in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF); however, initial dosing is often empirical. Strong evidence supporting individualized diuretic dosing in the emergency department (ED) is lacking. Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of aggressive (≥2 daily home doses) and conservative (<2 daily home doses) initial doses of loop diuretic. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study in adult patients presenting to the ED with ADHF at an academic medical center from Apri 2015 to September 2015. The primary outcome was time to transition from IV to oral diuretics. Results: A total of 91 patients were included (aggressive dosing, n = 44; conservative dosing, n = 47). Mean time to transition from IV to oral diuretics was 67.9 hours in the aggressive group compared with 88.1 hours in the conservative group ( P = 0.049). Mean hospital length of stay (LOS) was 119.5 hours in the aggressive group versus 123.0 hours in the conservative group ( P = 0.799). No differences were observed between the mean urine output ( P = 0.829), change in body weight ( P = 0.528), or serum creatinine ( P = 0.135). Conclusion: Patients who received an aggressive initial diuretic dose in the ED had a significantly faster time to oral diuretic therapy without any significant differences in hospital LOS, urine output, change in body weight, and renal function when compared with conservative dosing.
Experimental validation of fail-safe hybrid mass damper
Authors: Chesné Simon , Collette Christophe
Published: August 2017

A simple control law, dedicated to improving the performance and stability of hybrid mass dampers, is investigated. The resulting hybrid device is based on decentralized velocity feedback techniques. Two poles and two zeros are added to the initial control law, in order to interact with the dynamics of the structure and the actuator. The interest of these interactions is to change the poles of the closed loop system so as to make the controlled system hyperstable. The margins of gain and phase are therefore infinite. Consequently, the proposed hybrid system controller is fail-safe but also unconditionally stable in theory. Experimentation, using a tuned voice coil actuator, illustrates the performance and robustness of this hybrid control device.
Text Mining in Organizational Research
Authors: Kobayashi Vladimer B. , Mol Stefan T. , Berkers Hannah A. , Kismihók Gábor , Den Hartog Deanne N.
Published: August 2017

Despite the ubiquity of textual data, so far few researchers have applied text mining to answer organizational research questions. Text mining, which essentially entails a quantitative approach to the analysis of (usually) voluminous textual data, helps accelerate knowledge discovery by radically increasing the amount data that can be analyzed. This article aims to acquaint organizational researchers with the fundamental logic underpinning text mining, the analytical stages involved, and contemporary techniques that may be used to achieve different types of objectives. The specific analytical techniques reviewed are (a) dimensionality reduction, (b) distance and similarity computing, (c) clustering, (d) topic modeling, and (e) classification. We describe how text mining may extend contemporary organizational research by allowing the testing of existing or new research questions with data that are likely to be rich, contextualized, and ecologically valid. After an exploration of how evidence for the validity of text mining output may be generated, we conclude the article by illustrating the text mining process in a job analysis setting using a dataset composed of job vacancies.
Entrepreneurship, incongruence and affect: Drawing insights from a Swedish anti-racist organisation
Authors: Dashtipour Parisa , Rumens Nick
Published: August 2017

In recent years, entrepreneurship has been reconceptualised as social change. Understood as such, entrepreneurship can be viewed to disrupt and disturb the social order. We argue in this article that Foucault’s notion of heterotopia and Lacan’s concepts of the real and anxiety help us to conceptualise the disturbing aspect of entrepreneurship as social change and understand why the latter may encounter social resistance. Our contribution to critical entrepreneurship literature is to, first, emphasise that entrepreneurship instigates social change by introducing incongruence and, second, to highlight that this process can be affective: it can create anxiety. This article uses an illustrative historical case example of a Swedish anti-racist commercial magazine ( Gringo) to elucidate these points. We conclude by pointing out that anxiety may be necessary for the provocation of social transformation.
Multiobjective optimization of thermohydrodynamic journal bearing using MOPSO algorithm
Authors: Akbarzadeh P , Mikaeeli SZ , Rahimiyan M
Published: August 2017

This article focuses on the use of multiobjective particle swarm optimization algorithm in combination with the thermohydrodynamic governing equations of fluid film (i.e. momentum and energy equations) in developing an efficient design method to optimize hydrodynamic partial pad journal bearings, for the first time. The governing equations are solved by using the central difference technique with a successive over relaxation scheme. In the simulation, the lubricant viscosity is changed with the temperature variation in whole fluid film. In this problem, the bearing power loss, the minimum oil film thickness, and the maximum oil temperature are selected as three objective functions and the radial clearance and length-to-diameter ratio are considered as two important design variables. The results of the objective functions are presented in tabular and Pareto-front curves. Further, the effect of bearing speed, bearing load, and inlet oil temperature on the mentioned objective functions is illustrated.
Acute simultaneous development of brain tumour–like lesion and demyelinating polyneuropathy in a patient with chronic relapsing myelitis
Authors: Puthenparampil Marco , Terrin Alberto , Federle Lisa , Gizzi Matteo , Perini Paola , Gallo Paolo
Published: August 2017

Combined central and peripheral demyelination (CCPD) is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder of the nervous system. We describe the case of a patient with a history of recurrent myelitis that acutely and simultaneously developed a brain tumour–like lesion and a sensitive-motor demyelinating polyneuropathy. The diagnosis of CCPD was supported by a detailed diagnostic workup. Up to date, no similar cases have been reported in the literature.
Measurement invariance of the Short Wake Forest Physician Trust Scale and of the Health Empowerment Scale in German and French women
Authors: Petrocchi Serena , Labrie Nanon HM , Schulz Peter J
Published: August 2017

Measurement invariance is a crucial prerequisite to carry out cross-cultural research and to provide knowledge that enables culturally diverse patients to feel comfortable with their health providers. Although trust in doctors and health empowerment are widely studied, no previous research has examined their measurement invariance. The Short Wake Forest Physician Trust scale and the Health Empowerment scale were administered online. Participants were 217 German-speaking women ( M = 39.07, standard deviation = 5.71) and 217 French-speaking women ( M = 39.11, standard deviation = 5.82). Demonstration of partial scalar invariance was met and reasons for non-invariant items are discussed. The study was evaluated applying COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments checklist.
‘Lonely within the mother’: An exploratory study of first-time mothers’ experiences of loneliness
Authors: Lee Katharine , Vasileiou Konstantina , Barnett Julie
Published: August 2017

Loneliness is associated with life transitions such as new motherhood, yet there are few studies investigating the issue in this population. Using data from semi-structured interviews and an interpretative phenomenological analysis, this exploratory study sought to understand seven new mothers’ experiences of loneliness. Experiences were organised around three themes, reflecting loneliness arising from making unfavourable self-comparisons with perceived mothering ‘norms’, from reduced social contact and relationships lacking in empathy. Accounts were homogeneous and point to potential solutions to ameliorate loneliness in new mothers; encouraging empathy in new mothers’ partners and countering prevalent unrealistic representations of motherhood with more pragmatic accounts.
In one’s own time: Contesting the temporality and linearity of bereavement
Authors: Kenny Katherine , Broom Alex , Kirby Emma , Ridge Damien
Published: August 2017

This article explores the experience and meaning of time from the perspective of caregivers who have recently been bereaved following the death of a family member. The study is situated within the broader cultural tendency to understand bereavement within the logic of stages, including the perception of bereavement as a somewhat predictable and certainly time-delimited ascent from a nadir in death to a ‘new normal’ once loss is accepted. Drawing on qualitative data from interviews with 15 bereaved family caregivers we challenge bereavement as a linear, temporally bound process, examining the multiple ways bereavement is experienced and how it variously resists ideas about the timeliness, desirability and even possibility of ‘recovery’. We posit, on the basis of these accounts, that the lived experience of bereavement offers considerable challenges to normative understandings of the social ties between the living and the dead and requires a broader reconceptualization of bereavement as an enduring affective state.
Accomplishments and limitations of the ‘new’ mainstream in contemporary populism studies
Authors: Stavrakakis Yannis , Jäger Anton
Published: August 2017

Two recent books on populism represent more than any other the new mainstream in populism studies. Through a reconstruction of the main arguments advanced by Jan-Werner Müller, on the one hand, and Cas Mudde and Cristóbal Rovira Kaltwasser, on the other, this article aims to highlight both the significant accomplishments as well as the main limitations of this orientation. Special attention is given to the way in which the two projects deal with the relationship between populism and democracy. In this respect, substantial differences emerge between them, largely due to the different scope of each intervention: Müller articulates a polemical argument, while Mudde and Kaltwasser seem to encompass a more nuanced research agenda. And yet, despite all their differences, the two books share a common definitional basis when they identify moralization and moralism as the kernel of populist ideology. It is here, however, that the shaky basis of the new mainstream is revealed. Apart from betraying substantive continuities with a discredited Cold War pluralism, this moralistic stress seems ultimately inadequate to function as the central criterion for the differential identification of populism.
Mental health service utilization and its associated social factors among elderly people with a mental disability in China: A national population-based survey
Authors: Guo Chao , Li Ning , Chen Gong , Zheng Xiaoying
Published: August 2017

Aim: This study explored patterns of service use and associated socioeconomic factors among Chinese elders with mental disabilities. Methods: Data from the second China National Sample Survey on Disability (CNSSD) were used in this study. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to calculate the odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for factors associated with utilization of mental health services among Chinese elderly people with a mental disability. Results: Among elderly people with a mental disability in the CNSSD, 46.35% had used mental health services. Urban residence, higher education level, being married, medical insurance coverage, and higher annual family income per capita were associated with more utilization of mental health services. Conclusions: This study revealed a low level of mental health service utilization among the Chinese population with mental disorders or a mental disability. Strategies to improve the insurance coverage of mental healthcare, to increase public awareness of mental disorders, and to reduce regional inequality of mental health resources are warranted.