bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exome Sequencing and Congenital Heart Disease in Sub-Saharan Africa
Authors: Ekure Ekanem N. , Adeyemo Adebowale , Liu Hanhan , Sokunbi Ogochukwu , Kalu Nnenna , Martinez Ariel F. , Owosela Babajide , Tekendo-Ngongang Cedrik , Addissie Yonit A. , Olusegun-Joseph Akinsanya , Ikebudu Desmond , Berger Seth I. , Muenke Maximilian , Han Zhe , Kruszka Paul
Published: January 2021

Background:

Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect and affects roughly 1% of the global population. There have been many large CHD sequencing projects in developing countries but none in sub-Saharan Africa. In this exome sequencing study, we recruited families from Lagos, Nigeria, affected by structural heart disease.

Methods:

Ninety-eight participants with CHD and an average age of 3.6 years were recruited from Lagos, Nigeria. Exome sequencing was performed on probands and parents when available. For genes of high interest, we conducted functional studies in
Drosophila
using a cardiac-specific RNA interference–based gene silencing system.

Results:

The 3 most common CHDs were tetralogy of Fallot (20%), isolated ventricular septal defect (14%), and transposition of the great arteries (8%). Ten percent of the cohort had pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in genes known to cause CHD. In 64 complete trios, we found 34 de novo variants that were not present in the African population in the Genome Aggregation Database (v3). Nineteen loss of function variants were identified using the genome-wide distribution of selection effects for heterozygous protein-truncating variants (s
het
). Nine genes caused a significant mortality when silenced in the
Drosophila
heart, including 4 novel disease genes not previously associated with CHD (
UBB, EIF4G3, SREBF1
, and
METTL23
).

Conclusions:

This study identifies novel candidate genes and variants for CHD and facilitates comparisons with previous CHD sequencing studies in predominantly European cohorts. The study represents an important first step in genomic studies of CHD in understudied populations.

Registration:

URL:
https://www.clinicaltrials.gov
; Unique identifier: NCT01952171.
Prognostic Impact of Late Gadolinium Enhancement by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in Myocarditis
Authors: Georgiopoulos Georgios , Figliozzi Stefano , Sanguineti Francesca , Aquaro Giovanni Donato , di Bella Gianluca , Stamatelopoulos Kimon , Chiribiri Amedeo , Garot Jerome , Masci Pier Giorgio , Ismail Tevfik F.
Published: January 2021

Background:

Patients with acute myocarditis (AM) are at increased risk of adverse cardiac events after the index episode. Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) detected by cardiovascular magnetic resonance in patients with AM plays an important diagnostic role, but its prognostic significance remains unresolved. This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to assess the prognostic implications of cardiovascular magnetic resonance-derived LGE in patients with AM.

Methods:

Data search was conducted from inception through February 28, 2020, using the following Medical Subject Heading terms:
Myocarditis, CMR, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Magnetic Resonance
. From 2422 articles retrieved, we selected 11 studies reporting baseline cardiovascular magnetic resonance assessment and long-term clinical follow-up in patients with AM. Hazard ratios and CIs for a combined clinical end point were recorded for LGE presence, extent (>2 segments or >10% of left ventricular [LV] mass or >17g) and location (anteroseptal versus non-anteroseptal). A combined end point comprised all-cause mortality, cardiac mortality, and major adverse cardiovascular events. Hartung and Knapp correction improved robustness of the results. Prespecified sensitivity analyses explored potential sources of heterogeneity. The meta-analysis was conducted according to the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines.

Results:

LGE presence (pooled hazard ratios, 3.28 [95% CIs, 1.69–6.39],
P
<0.001 [95% CIs, 1.33–8.11] after Hartung and Knapp correction) and anteroseptal LGE (pooled-hazard ratios, 2.58 [95% CIs, 1.87–3.55],
P
<0.001 [95% CIs, 1.64–4.06] after Hartung and Knapp correction) were associated with an increased risk of the combined end point. Extensive LGE was associated with worse outcomes (pooled-hazard ratios, 1.96 [95% CIs, 1.08–3.56],
P
=0.027), but this association was not confirmed after Hartung and Knapp correction (95% CIs, 0.843–4.57).

Conclusions:

LGE presence and anteroseptal location at baseline cardiovascular magnetic resonance are important independent prognostic markers that herald an increased risk of adverse cardiac outcomes in patients with AM.

Registration:

https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/
Unique identifier: CRD42019146619.
Optimal Combination of Chest Compression Depth and Rate in Virtual Reality Resuscitation Training: A Post Hoc Analysis of the Randomized Lowlands Saves Lives Trial
Authors: Nas Joris , Thannhauser Jos , van Geuns Robert‐Jan M. , van Royen Niels , Bonnes Judith L. , Brouwer Marc A.
Published: January 2021

Background

Dissemination of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) skills is essential for cardiac arrest survival. Virtual reality (VR)‐training methods are low cost and easily available, but to meet depth requirements adaptations are required, as confirmed in a recent randomized study on currently prevailing CPR quality criteria. Recently, the promising clinical performance of new CPR quality criteria was demonstrated, based on the optimal combination of compression depth and rate. We now study compliance with these newly proposed CPR quality criteria.

Methods and Results

Post hoc analysis of a randomized trial compared standardized 20‐minute face‐to‐face CPR training with VR training using the Lifesaver VR smartphone application. During a posttraining test, compression depth and rate were measured using CPR mannequins. We assessed compliance with the newly proposed CPR criteria, that is, compression rate within ±20% of 107/minute and depth within ±20% of 47 mm. We studied 352 participants, age 26 (22–31) years, 56% female, and 15% with CPR training ≤2 years. Among VR‐trained participants, there was a statistically significant difference between the proportions complying with newly proposed versus the currently prevailing quality criteria (52% versus 23%,
P
<0.001). The difference in proportions complying with rate requirements was statistically significant (96% for the new versus 50% for current criteria,
P
<0.001), whereas there was no significant difference with regard to the depth requirements (55% versus 51%,
P
=0.45).

Conclusions

Lifesaver VR training, although previously found to be inferior to face‐to‐face training, may lead to CPR quality compliant with recently proposed, new quality criteria. If the prognostic importance of these new criteria is confirmed in additional studies, Lifesaver VR in its current form would be an easily available vector to disseminate CPR skills.
The Devil You Know: An Exploration of Virtual Religious Deconstruction Communities
Authors: Fekete Steven , Knippel Jessica
Published: January 2021

In a 2018 episode of the podcast The Airing of Grief, musician Derek Webb spoke with a caller about the fact that social media, live performances/events, and podcasts have become some of the few community spaces where religious and formerly religious people are able to deconstruct their faith experiences and process their doubts and questions. This observation began a research project regarding the question of community formation around religious deconstruction/reconstruction and its specific relation to social media spaces. As this research revealed, these deconstruction communities are safe spaces in which participants feel and experience radically open, loving, and supportive community (something that was promised or sought in previous religious spaces but rarely was experienced). The public and broad connecting aspects of social media and podcasts have allowed those who previously experienced deconstruction or doubts in isolation to find support and connections.
Having Children Speeds up the Subjective Passage of Lifetime in Parents
Authors: Wittmann Marc , Mella Nathalie
Published: January 2021

A widely reproduced finding across numerous studies of different cultures is that adults perceive the most recent 10 years of their lives to have passed particularly fast, and that this perceived speed increases as they grow older. Potential explanatory factors for this effect are believed to be more routines in life as we age as well as an increase in time pressure during middle adult age, both factors that would lead to a reduced autobiographical memory load. Fewer contextual changes in life are known to cause the passage of time to be perceived as faster. Taking advantage of the database created for the study that first captured this age effect on subjective time (Wittmann & Lehnhoff, 2005), we investigated the role that having children plays in the subjective speeding of time. Adults aged between 20 and 59 who had children reported that time over the last 10 years passed subjectively more quickly than adults of the same age group without children. Factors such as education or gender did not influence subjective time. A small correlation effect could be seen in the fact that parents with more children reported that time passed more quickly. Experienced time pressure was not a differentiating factor between the two groups, as time pressure was associated with a faster passage of time in all adults. Future systematic studies will have to reveal what factors on autobiographical memory and time might be accountable for this clear effect that raising children has on perceived time.
Every sponge its own name: removing Porifera homonyms
Authors: VAN SOEST ROB W.M. , HOOPER JOHN N.A. , BUTLER PETER J.
Published: January 2021

The occurrence of different sponge species bearing the same Linnean binomial name combination, i.e. homonyms, is to be avoided for obvious reasons. In a review of sponge taxon names of the World Porifera Database, we detected 121 homonymic cases (115 species-group names, 6 genus-group names), involving a total of 272 nominal taxa. It is the object of the present study to remove their occurrence by proposing new names for the junior homonyms following the rules of the International Commission of Zoological Nomenclature as laid down in the Code (ICZN, 1999) and the on-line edition http://iczn.org/iczn/index.jsp . Homonym cases are discussed and, where applicable, junior homonyms are either replaced by nomina nova or reassigned to their earliest available synonyms. The order in which the homonyms are treated is alphabetical on original species name, with genus names separately treated at the end. A summary table with all proposed name changes is also presented to allow quick access to the junior homonyms and their proposed new names. A total of 116 nomina nova are proposed, including five new genus names.
WCO-Lite version 1.1: an online nomenclatural catalogue of harvestmen of the world (Arachnida, Opiliones) curated in TaxonWorks
Authors: KURY ADRIANO B. , MENDES AMANDA C. , CARDOSO LILIAN , KURY MILENA S. , GRANADO ALEXIA A. , YODER MATTHEW J. , KURY IAN S.
Published: January 2021

The “World Catalogue of Opiliones” (WCO) is a collaborative effort to comprehensively index the Earth’s species of harvestmen. This paper announces one component of the WCO, “WCO-Lite” a website available at https://wcolite.com/. WCO-Lite provides a graphic user interface for a second component of the WCO, “Opiliones of the World”, a database on the taxonomy of the harvestmen curated in TaxonWorks (TW). WCO-Lite interfaces include: (1) a checklist of all valid taxa of the arachnid Opiliones, exhaustive up to December 2018; (2) a taxonomic tree; (3) a search engine comprising two modules; and (4) a counter of species diversity for each taxon. An e-Book companion was launched simultaneously with WCO-Lite version 1.1 on September 12, 2020 to account for the formal publication of mandatory nomenclatural changes and availability of taxonomic names. The collective components of the WCO are also being summarized in a forthcoming conventional paper-form catalogue, currently in manuscript stage.
Иван Грозев. „Новата културна раса“ в естетикорелигиозния проект на българския модернизъм
Authors: Георгиева [Georgieva] Цветана [Tzvetana]
Published: January 2021

Ivan Grozev and the “New Cultural Race” in the Aesthetic Religious Project of Bulgarian ModernismThe aesthetic-religious views of Ivan Grozev, a Bulgarian writer, poet and spiritual awakener, combine various aspects whose unifying center is the mystical ability of man to reach God: the Christian idea of man’s aspiration for God; theosophical and Masonic conceptions; and elements of Hellenistic philosophy and mystery. In his articles and studies that he published in the journal Hyperion, Ivan Grozev promoted ideas about the poet as “a priest and a prophet”, his “worldly sacrifice”, and “the steps towards godly knowledge” (scientist, genius, mystic). As a true Theosophist, he contrasts his utilitarian times with the spiritual from past eras (reason vs. mysticism), affirming the idea of a “New Heaven” and a “New Cultural Race” for the devoted ones. The Bulgarian modern consciousness from the late 19th and early 20th century perceived such ideas as a new type of religion of the aesthetic, and at the same time as a new ethic of the creator (prophet, Übermensch in the sense of Nietzsche or Rudolf Steiner) as a necessity of spiritual creation of a new cultural race that abandons mercantilism for the sake of ideal values. Iwan Grozew i „nowa rasa kulturowa” w religijno-estetycznym projekcie bułgarskiego modernizmuPoglądy estetyczno-religijne Iwana Grozewa, bułgarskiego pisarza, poety, działacza na rzecz duchowego przebudzenia społeczeństwa, łączą aspekty chrześcijańskiej idei dążenia człowieka do Boga, koncepcje teozoficzne i masońskie, elementy hellenistycznej filozofii i misteriów, a ich wspólnym jądrem jest mistyczna zdolność człowieka, aby dotrzeć do Boga. W artykułach i studiach publikowanych na łamach czasopisma „Хиперион” Iwan Grozew propaguje idee dotyczące poety „kapłana i proroka” i jego „ziemskiej ofiary”, „kroków w kierunku boskiej wiedzy” (naukowiec, geniusz, mistyk); jako wyznawca teozofii, utylitarne czasy, w jakich żyje, przeciwstawia epokom duchowym z przeszłości (rozum przeciwko mistycyzmowi), potwierdzając ideę „nowego nieba” i „nowej rasy kulturowej” dla osób poświęconych. W bułgarskiej świadomości modernistycznej przełomu XIX i XX wieku takie idee postrzegane były jako nowy rodzaj religii estetycznej, a jednocześnie jako nowa etyka twórcy (proroka, nadczłowieka w rozumieniu Friedricha Nietzschego lub Rudolfa Steinera), pojęta jako konieczność duchowego stworzenia nowej rasy kulturowej, która odrzuca postawę merkantylną w imię wartości idealnych.
miRNA-153 Targets Snail Family Transcriptional Repressor 1 and Inhibits the Cell Apoptosis in the Model of MPP+-Induced Parkinson?s Disease
Authors: Lai Yali , Liu Jiajia
Published: January 2021

Rationale: Parkinson?s disease (PD) is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder in which microRNAs are significantly involved. Previous studies have reported that MiR-153 might inhibit the progression of PD. However, the biological roles of MiR-153 and its underlying molecular
mechanism in PD remain unclear. Methods: In the present study, MES23.5 cells were treated with gradient concentration of neurotoxin 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-Pyridinium (MPP+) to construct the PD model. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the expressions
of MiR-153 and SNAI1. Western blotting (WB) measured the expressions of SNAI1, Nrf2 and HO-1. The relationship between MiR-153 and SNAI1 was analyzed by luciferase reporter assay. In addition, cell proliferation and apoptosis were examined using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and TUNEL assays.
Results: MiR-153 expression was decreased after MPP+ treatment in neurons cells and overexpression of MiR-153 significantly inhibited MPP+-inhibited viability. Moreover, dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that SNAI1 was a target of MiR-153 and there was a negative
correlation between them. Overexpression of SNAI1 attenuated the inhibitory effect of MiR-153 overexpression on MPP+-induced apoptosis. In addition, overexpression of MiR-153 significantly increased the expression levels of Nrf2 and HO-1. Conclusion: In summary, the results
suggest that MiR-153 inhibits MPP+-induced apoptosis via activating Nrf2/HO-1 pathway by targeting SNAI1 in PD, indicating that MiR-153 is a potential molecular target for PD treatment.
The Inland Maintenance and Re-intensification of Tropical Storm Bill (2015) Part 2: Precipitation Microphysics
Authors: Brauer Noah S. , Basara Jeffrey B. , Kirstetter Pierre E. , Wakefield Ryann A. , Homeyer Cameron R. , Yoo Jinwoong , Shepherd Marshall , Santanello Joseph. A.
Published: January 2021

Tropical Storm Bill produced over 400 mmof rainfall to portions of southern Oklahoma from 16-20 June 2015, adding to the catastrophic urban and river flooding that occurred throughout the region in the month prior to landfall. The unprecedented excessive precipitation event that occurred across Oklahoma and Texas during May and June 2015 resulted in anomalously high soil moisture and latent heat fluxes over the region, acting to increase the available boundary layer moisture. Tropical Storm Bill progressed inland over the region of anomalous soil moisture and latent heat fluxes which helped maintain polarimetric radar signatures associated with tropical, warm rain events. Vertical profiles of polarimetric radar variables such as ZH, ZDR, KDP, and ρhv were analyzed in time and space over Texas and Oklahoma. The profiles suggest that Tropical Storm Bill maintained warm rain signatures and collision-coalescence processes as it tracked hundreds of kilometers inland away from the landfall point consistent with tropical cyclone precipitation characteristics. Dual-frequency precipitation radar observations from the NASA GPM DPR were also analyzed post-landfall and showed similar signatures of collision-coalescence while Bill moved over north Texas, southern Oklahoma, eastern Missouri, and western Kentucky.
Elephant in the Room: A Methodology for Case Studies Metasynthesis
Authors: Rabinovich Merav
Published: January 2021

The Relationships Between Categories (RBC) technique is a qualitative methodology for the metasynthesis of psychoanalytic case studies. By analyzing repetitive bilateral, trilateral, or quadrilateral relationships of transference themes, this methodology seeks to analyze case studies with existing theoretical concepts, thereby formulating a new theory. The proposed tool attempts to explore and validate hidden connections between different psychotherapy components, thus enhancing integration of various bodies of knowledge and decreasing the gap between practice and theory. This methodology is demonstrated here by research on transference case studies that connect transference to components of cognitive behavioral therapy.
Copeptin reliably reflects longitudinal right ventricular function
Authors: Harbrücker Melissa , Natale Michèle , Kim Seung-Hyun , Müller Julian , Ansari Uzair , Huseynov Aydin , Zworowsky Max von , Borggrefe Martin , Hoffmann Ursula , Lang Siegfried , Fatar Marc , Roth Thomas , Kittel Maximilian , Bertsch Thomas , Akin Ibrahim , Behnes Michael
Published: January 2021

Background

Data is limited evaluating novel biomarkers in right ventricular dysfunction. Normal right heart function improves the prognosis of patients with heart failure. Therefore, this study investigates the association between the novel biomarker copeptin and right heart function compared to NT-proBNP.

Methods

Patients undergoing routine echocardiography were enrolled prospectively. Right ventricular function was assessed by tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and further right ventricular and atrial parameters. Exclusion criteria were age under 18 years, left ventricular ejection fraction < 50% and moderate to severe valvular heart disease. Blood samples were taken for biomarker measurements within 72 h of echocardiography.

Results

Ninety-one patients were included. Median values of copeptin increased significantly according to decreasing values of TAPSE ( P = 0.001; right heart function grade I: tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; TAPSE > 24 mm: 5.20 pmol/L; grade II: TAPSE 18–24 mm: 8.10 pmol/L; grade III: TAPSE < 18 mm: 26.50 pmol/L). Copeptin concentrations were able to discriminate patients with decreased right heart function defined as TAPSE < 18 mm (area under the curves [AUC]: copeptin: 0.793; P = 0.001; NT-proBNP: 0.805; P = 0.0001). Within a multivariable linear regression model, copeptin was independently associated with TAPSE (copeptin: T: –4.43; P = 0.0001; NT-proBNP: T: –1.21; P = 0.23). Finally, copeptin concentrations were significantly associated with severely reduced right heart function (TAPSE < 18 mm) within a multivariate logistic regression model (copeptin: odds ratio: 0.94; 95% confidence interval: 0.911–0.975; P = 0.001).

Conclusions

This study demonstrates that the novel biomarker copeptin reflects longitudinal right heart function assessed by standardized transthoracic echocardiography compared with NT-proBNP.
Paranoia in patients attending child and adolescent mental health services
Authors: Bird Jessica C , Fergusson Emma C , Kirkham Miriam , Shearn Christina , Teale Ashley-Louise , Carr Lydia , Stratford Hannah J , James Antony C , Waite Felicity , Freeman Daniel
Published: January 2021

Objective:

Paranoia may be particularly prevalent during adolescence, building on the heightened social vulnerabilities at this age. Excessive mistrust may be corrosive for adolescent social relationships, especially in the context of mental health disorders. We set out to examine the prevalence, symptom associations, and persistence of paranoia in a cohort of young people attending child and adolescent mental health services.

Method:

A total of 301 patients (11–17 years old) completed measures of paranoia, affect, peer difficulties and behavioural problems. Clinicians also rated each participant’s psychiatric symptoms. Patterns of association were examined using linear regressions and network analyses. In total, 105 patients repeated the measures several months later.

Results:

Most of the adolescents had affective disorders ( n = 195), self-harm/suicidality ( n = 82), or neurodevelopmental conditions ( n = 125). Few had suspected psychosis ( n = 7). Rates of paranoia were approximately double compared with previous reports from the general population. In this patient sample, 35% had at least elevated paranoia, 15% had at least moderate paranoia, and 6% had high paranoia. Paranoia had moderate associations with clinician-rated peer difficulties, self-harm, and trauma, and small associations with clinician-rated social anxiety, depression, generalised anxiety, and educational problems. Network analyses showed paranoia had the strongest unique relationship with peer difficulties. Paths from peer difficulties to anxiety, self-harm, post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, and behavioural problems were all via paranoia. Both self-harm and post-traumatic stress disorder were solely associated with paranoia in the network. Paranoia remained persistent for three-quarters and was associated with greater psychological problems over time.

Conclusion:

Paranoia is relatively common and persistent across a range of clinical presentations in youth. When paranoia occurs alongside emotional problems, important peer interactions may be adversely affected. Wider consideration of paranoia in adolescent patients is needed.
Voltage-gated potassium channel blanket testing in first-episode psychosis: Diagnostic nihilism?
Authors: Chan Fiona , O’Gorman Cullen , Swayne Andrew , Gillis David , Blum Stefan , Warren Nicola
Published: January 2021

Objective:

Voltage-gated potassium channel antibodies are implicated in limbic encephalitis and currently included in first-episode psychosis organic screening guidelines. Individuals with high-positive voltage-gated potassium channel titres most commonly present with neurological symptoms as well as sleep, cognitive, behaviour, psychosis and mood disturbance. The significance of low-positive voltage-gated potassium channel antibody titres in psychiatric patients is unclear and has not been previously examined. We aim to describe a statewide cohort of psychiatric patients with low- and high-positive voltage-gated potassium channel titres and explore if this finding influenced clinical management and patient outcomes.

Methods:

A retrospective review of all voltage-gated potassium channel antibodies testing performed in public psychiatric services in Queensland, Australia, with comparison of the clinical presentation and long-term outcomes of low- and high-positive voltage-gated potassium channel titre cases. Specific antigen targets (leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 and contactin-associated protein 2 antibodies) were also assessed.

Results:

The overall prevalence of voltage-gated potassium channel antibody positivity in Queensland, public, psychiatric service testing was 0.3% (14/4098), with 12 cases of low-positive voltage-gated potassium channel titre, 2 cases of high-positive (leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 antibody positive) cases and a voltage-gated potassium channel negative contactin-associated protein 2 antibody positive case. No low-positive case developed neurological abnormalities or had abnormal paraclinical investigations. In comparison, both high-positive voltage-gated potassium channel/leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 cases and the contactin-associated protein 2 antibody positive case rapidly developed neurological symptoms, had abnormal paraclinical testing and improved only with immunotherapy. There was no later development of encephalitic symptoms in the low-positive cases over an average of 1067 days follow-up.

Conclusion:

Voltage-gated potassium channel antibody–associated limbic encephalitis was rare, and always associated with high antibody titres. Low-positive titres were not associated with the development of encephalitis over a long period of follow-up. The value of universal voltage-gated potassium channel antibody screening is unclear, and further prospective studies in first-episode psychosis populations are required.
Outcomes of Victorian Prevention and Recovery Care Services: A matched pairs comparison
Authors: Farhall John , Brophy Lisa , Reece John , Tibble Holly , Le Long Khanh-Dao , Mihalopoulos Cathrine , Fletcher Justine , Harvey Carol , Morrisroe Emma , Newton Richard , Sutherland Georgina , Spittal Matthew J , Meadows Graham , Vine Ruth , Pirkis Jane
Published: January 2021

Objective:

In Victoria, Prevention and Recovery Care Services have been established to provide a partial alternative to inpatient admissions through short-term residential mental health care in the community. This study set out to determine whether Prevention and Recovery Care Services are achieving their objectives in relation to reducing service use and costs, fostering least restrictive care and leading to positive clinical outcomes.

Methods:

We matched 621 consumers whose index admission in 2014 was to a Prevention and Recovery Care (‘PARCS consumers’) with 621 similar consumers whose index admission in the same year was to an acute inpatient unit and who had no Prevention and Recovery Care stays for the study period (‘inpatient-only consumers’). We used routinely collected data to compare them on a range of outcomes.

Results:

Prevention and Recovery Care Services consumers made less subsequent use of acute inpatient services and, on balance, incurred costs that were similar to or lower than inpatient-only consumers. They were also less likely to spend time on an involuntary treatment order following their index admission. Prevention and Recovery Care Services consumers also experienced positive clinical outcomes over the course of their index admission, but the magnitude of this improvement was not as great as for inpatient-only consumers. This type of clinical improvement is important for Prevention and Recovery Care Services, but they may place greater emphasis on personal recovery as an outcome.

Conclusion:

Prevention and Recovery Care Services can provide an alternative, less restrictive care option for eligible consumers who might otherwise be admitted to an acute inpatient unit and do so at no greater cost.
Racial Differences in Co-Offending: Correlations With Concurrent Juvenile Police Contacts and Predictions of Future Adult Police Contacts
Authors: Walters Glenn D.
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the relationship between co-offending and offense seriousness varied by race and whether similarities in age (juvenile, adult) and race (white, non-white) augmented the frequency and severity of future offending in co-offending males. Analyzing 15,059 incidents of police contact involving male juvenile participants from the Second Philadelphia Birth Cohort (PBC II) and the records of 7,420 male participants from the PBC II, a stronger co-offending–offense seriousness relationship was noted in the juvenile police contacts of non-white participants, whereas similarity between co-offenders led to increased adult police contacts in non-white but not white participants. These results suggest that juvenile co-offending may operate along social learning lines in non-white, if not white, youth.
Potential Drug Interactions Between Cannabinoids and Its Derivatives and Oral Anticoagulants
Authors: Paduch McKenzie , Thomason Angela R.
Published: January 2021

The increase use of cannabidiol containing products poses potential risks with high-alert medications such as oral anticoagulants. To review the use of cannabidiol and its’ derivatives with oral anticoagulants, searches (2005-May 2020) were performed by PubMed, Google Scholar, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Articles were limited to English-language only. The results yielded 4 case reports evaluating the potential drug interactions between cannabinoids and its’ derivatives and oral anticoagulants. These case reports show the potential for drug interactions when using warfarin and cannabidiol containing products. At time of publication, there were no published articles on drug interactions between cannabidiol and the direct oral anticoagulants. Further research is needed to conclude drug interactions are associated with an increased risk of bleeding or thromboembolic events in these patients.
Movement for Democratic Change and the Rise of Nelson Chamisa
Authors: Mwonzora Gift , Hodzi Obert
Published: January 2021

Nelson Chamisa is central to the political terrain of contemporary Zimbabwe. Post the soft coup of November 2017 and the death of Morgan Tsvangirai in early 2018, Chamisa became president of the Movement for Democratic Change party and contested the July 2018 presidential election. The tempo of changes in the Movement for Democratic Change presidency is not related directly to the shift from Mugabe to Mnangagwa. However, broader politics formed an important context for Chamisa’s contested claim for the Movement for Democratic Change presidency. In examining Chamisa and the Movement for Democratic Change, the article highlights linkages between personality politics and electoral mobilization, and how this relates to political party institutionalization.
Trauma and Empowerment in Tina McElroy Ansa’s Ugly Ways
Authors: Ogunyemi Folabomi L.
Published: January 2021

Ugly Ways (1993) by Tina McElroy Ansa has been overlooked as a significant contribution to African American feminist literary fiction. This paper performs a close reading examining the novel’s thematic intersection of Black feminist theory and trauma theory. Part one of this essay defines Black feminist theory and outlines key concepts of Black feminist thought. Parts two and three focus on the protagonist, Esther “Mudear” Lovejoy, and analyze her “change” through the lenses of Black feminist theory and trauma theory, respectively, highlighting the ways in which Ugly Ways articulates a conception of Black womanhood defined in equal parts by empowerment and psychic pain. Part four argues that Black feminist theory and trauma theory are not just compatible, but consonant. Ultimately, Ugly Ways depicts African American women as complex human subjects and moves beyond conventional historical, literary, and popular representations.
Functionalised graphene effect on the mechanical and thermal properties of recycled PA6/PA6,6 blends
Authors: Korkees Feras , Aldrees Abdullah , Barsoum Imad , Alshammari Dalal
Published: January 2021

Limiting the generation of polymers waste and maximizing their recyclability and recovery have been the main focus of the research and industry in recent years. Recycling of polyamides leads to the loss in mechanical and thermal properties, therefore, in order to reuse recycled nylons, an enhancement in their properties is desired. Enhancing the properties of recycled polyamides by the addition of functionalised graphene nanoparticles (GNPs) was the goal of this study. Recycled PA6/PA6,6 blends and functionalised graphene nanocomposites were prepared using hot-melt extrusion process. Two types of functionalised graphene were used: O2-GNPs and Amine-GNPs. The nanofillers didn’t affect the crystallinity of the recycled nylon, while the presence of functionalised graphene increased the thermal conductivity by enabling better heat transfer routes within the polymer. The microstructure of the materials was characterised confirming the successful dispersion but with a slight variation in GNPs/Polymer bonding depending on the functionalisation type. The strong nylon-to-graphene interfacial hydrogen bonding increased the mechanical properties of the recycled nylon nanocomposites. The functionalised nanoparticles slowed down the segmental motion of the polymer chain and decreased the ductility with increasing GNPs contents up to 10 wt%. The overall behaviour of recycled nylon nanocomposites showed dependency on the type of functionalisation and concentration of GNPs with better improvement in the overall properties using 2 wt% Amine-GNPs. These enhanced properties make functionalised graphene/recycled nylon nanocomposites a promising new class of advanced materials.
Fabrication of carbon nanotube reinforced aluminum alloy composites by vacuum-assisted infiltration technique
Authors: Kucukyildirim Bedri Onur , Akdogan Eker Aysegul
Published: January 2021

Carbon nanotube (CNT) reinforced 6063 aluminum (Al) matrix composites were fabricated by vacuum-assisted infiltration of molten 6063 Al alloy into a CNT preform to enhance compressive mechanical properties. Preforms were produced with different amounts of chemically functionalized CNTs to obtain three different CNT reinforcement ratios (0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 wt.%). In addition to the investigation of properties throughout all stages of the preparation of the CNTs, CNT preforms and fabricated composites by various methods of analysis, all steps of the composite fabrication process, as well as the compressive mechanical test results of CNT/6063 Al composites are all discussed. Approximately 250% and 280% increases in the yield and ultimate compressive strength, respectively, are achieved with low-purity CNT addition. Consequently, it is confirmed from the micrographs that the mechanical enhancements of the composites are mainly interrelated with the successful bridging of CNTs in the matrix material. Meanwhile, it is observed that both the modified Halpin-Tsai model and the modified Halpin-Tsai model developed with a dispersion-based prediction model results match with experimental results. Overall results can be accepted as developmental stages of significant progress in the CNT preform reinforced metal matrix composites field.
Students’ Social Perceptions of Humility and Arrogance Among Band Directors
Authors: Coppola William J.
Published: January 2021

In this study, I build on growing research examining humility in musical contexts by investigating whether band students perceive humility to be a positive and desirable social quality or a social weakness among band directors. Middle school, high school, and undergraduate band students ( N = 117) evaluated the likability, knowledgeability, and preference for humble and arrogant band director targets by assessing recorded interviews with each director following a fictitious performance. The humble target demonstrated nonsuperiority and other-orientedness and acknowledged his room for growth in his interview, while the arrogant target spoke with a degree of self-importance, an inflated self-view, and a desire for credit and prestige in his interview. Results indicated that overall, participants expressed greater likability toward the humble director and overwhelmingly preferred him to the arrogant director (82.76%) but did not ascribe greater knowledgeability to either target. These differences were contingent on school level and whether participants were presented with the humble or arrogant target first. Findings support the pertinence of modeling humility in music teaching and refute the implicit premise that teachers who behave in an arrogant manner might appear more competent or capable among students.
How to “TRAP” Information: A Reading Comprehension Strategy for Students With Emotional and Behavioral Disorders
Authors: Sanders Sara , Jolivette Kristine , Rollins Lauren Hart , Shaw Ashley
Published: January 2021

The intertwined academic and behavior deficits, often referred to as the failure cycle, of students with and at risk for emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) negatively impact learning and skill acquisition. Reading comprehension is one academic area where students with and at risk for EBD display significant deficits. The self-regulated strategy development (SRSD) instructional approach is one method that accounts for students’ metacognitive skills and learning behaviors, making it a promising approach for use with students with and at risk for EBD, including students served in more restrictive settings. This article provides an overview of SRSD, a reading comprehension strategy taught using the SRSD instructional approach, and describes how to integrate low-intensity behavior strategies into SRSD reading instruction to further support the needs of students with and at risk for EBD.
Smart cities: Between worlding and provincialising
Authors: Burns Ryan , Fast Victoria , Levenda Anthony , Miller Byron
Published: January 2021

We introduce key concepts that have guided the diverse case studies of this special issue on smart cities. Calling into question Global North conceptions of the smart city, nine different articles analyse smart city projects around the world, with particular attention paid to the need to provincialise our understanding of these projects as well as to consider their relationship to worlding strategies. These case studies demonstrate the diversity of what smart cities can be and the need to consider, through comparative analysis, the broader power geometries in which they are imbedded.
Thrombocytopenia in severe iron deficiency anaemia: A report of two cases
Authors: Mohammad Faisal , Sridhar M , Samprathi Madhusudan , Vemgal Prakash
Published: January 2021

Iron deficiency, the commonest cause of anaemia in children, is a global public health problem. Worldwide, almost 50% of children <5 years of age are anaemic. Platelet count in iron deficiency anaemia is mostly normal or high; thrombocytopenia is rare. We describe two children with iron deficiency anaemia and severe thrombocytopenia who recovered with iron supplementation alone.
Outcome of lymph node tuberculosis management with conventional treatment with and without prednisolone
Authors: Sharmin Arjuman , Hossain Ali , Islam Nazmul , Sarker Zakir H , Hossain Sheikh S , Khan Mohammad AS
Published: January 2021

The outcome of lymph node tuberculosis (LNTB) management with conventional anti-tubercular treatment alone is unsatisfactory. We conducted a randomised open-label controlled clinical trial in the Department of Respiratory Medicine in Government Institute of Dhaka, Bangladesh from April 2017 to March 2019. Compared with controls, 54 patients of LNTB received category 1 anti-tubercular treatment with additional prednisolone after randomisation. Complete resolution in 21/54 (75%) and 7 (26.9%), symptomatic improvement in 26 (92.9%) and 22 (84.6%) and complications in 11 (39.28%) and 16 (61.53%) were observed in the treatment and control group, respectively. Thus, we recommend the use of steroids in this setting.
“A place without peace is no place at all”: Violence, fear, and the Paz do Senhor in Mozambique
Authors: Howell Alan Byron , Montgomery Robert Andrew
Published: January 2021

Peace is a central idea in the culture of the Makua-Metto people, as well as in Paul’s letter to the Ephesians. This article looks at the important role of peace and the language of peace in connection with rootedness in a place. If “a place without peace is no place at all,” then what Mozambique needs is the Paz do Senhor for real reconciliation. In adopting the greeting of Paz do Senhor, the church is articulating a hope (evident in the book of Ephesians) that there is a true and lasting peace to be found for a place like Mozambique.
Attributing academic success to giftedness and its impact on academic achievement: The mediating role of self-regulated learning and negative learning emotions
Authors: Chen Mengdi , Wu Xinyao
Published: January 2021

As a causal attribution, attributing academic success to giftedness might influence students’ academic achievement. According to previous studies, students’ self-regulated learning and negative learning emotions may mediate the association between achievement attribution and academic achievement. Therefore, the present study employed structural equation modeling to examine the association between attributing academic success to giftedness and academic achievement among elementary and secondary students, and included students’ negative learning emotions and self-regulated learning as mediators. The 2018 data from China Family Panel Studies were included in the present study for analysis. Results showed that the full mediation models had satisfactory model fits. After controlling the effects of the covariates, attributing academic success to giftedness had a positive indirect association with their academic achievement, through the mediation of self-regulated learning and negative learning emotions. Based on these findings, possible explanations and suggestions for practices and future research are discussed.
Toward the Roux: Explaining the Adoption of Inclusionary Practices in Local Governments
Authors: Fisk Jonathan M. , Silvera Geoffrey A. , Morris John , Chen Xi , Hume Jan , Chen Xiaofeng , Crayton Mac-Jane
Published: January 2021

Local governments are turning to a set of practices designed to support a more inclusive workforce. Yet, less is known as to why localities opt to provide such services. Recognizing this gap, this paper examines the adoption of three inclusionary practices: offering cultural competency training, providing documents in multiple languages, and prioritizing language skills in hiring. To do so, this paper employs a dataset that combines International City/County Management’s (ICMA) Local Government and Immigrant Communities Survey with Census data and other measures. Results suggest that local needs and the presence of a professional administrator are associated with more inclusive practices.
How Loss Teaches: Beyond “Pandemic Pedagogy”
Authors: Rosso Jared Del
Published: January 2021

This Final Thought challenges two assumptions in commentary on teaching and learning amid the COVID-19 pandemic: (1) that the compassionate teaching strategies used to help students learn amid the pandemic inherently undercut academic standards and (2) that these teaching strategies weren’t previously needed, during the so-called “normal time” that preceded the pandemic. By contrast, this essay argues that educators have and will always teach students whose learning is disrupted by trauma, loss, and grief. The essay advocates that educators tune learner-centered teaching strategies to the effects of loss. Doing so, we might teach and learn more effectively, without compromising our or our learners’ humanity.
The neural bases of multimodal sensory integration in older adults
Authors: Diaz Michele T. , Yalcinbas Ege
Published: January 2021

Although hearing often declines with age, prior research has shown that older adults may benefit from multisensory input to a greater extent when compared to younger adults, a concept known as inverse effectiveness. While there is behavioral evidence in support of this phenomenon, less is known about its neural basis. The present functional MRI (fMRI) study examined how older and younger adults processed multimodal auditory-visual (AV) phonemic stimuli which were either congruent or incongruent across modalities. Incongruent AV pairs were designed to elicit the McGurk effect. Behaviorally, reaction times were significantly faster during congruent trials compared to incongruent trials for both age-groups, and overall older adults responded more slowly. The interaction was not significant, suggesting that older adults processed the AV stimuli similarly to younger adults. Although there were minimal behavioral differences, age-related differences in functional activation were identified: Younger adults elicited greater activation than older adults in primary sensory regions including superior temporal gyrus, the calcarine fissure, and left postcentral gyrus. In contrast, older adults elicited greater activation than younger adults in dorsal frontal regions including middle and superior frontal gyri, as well as dorsal parietal regions. These data suggest that while there is age-related stability in behavioral sensitivity to multimodal stimuli, the neural bases for this effect differed between older and younger adults. Our results demonstrated that older adults underrecruited primary sensory cortices and had increased recruitment of regions involved in executive function, attention, and monitoring processes, which may reflect an attempt to compensate.
Primary pulmonary angiosarcoma presenting as Pancoast tumor
Authors: Sayan Muhammet , Valiyev Elgun , Akarsu Irmak , Esendagli Guldal , Korpeoglu Tugba , Celik Ali
Published: January 2021

A primary pulmonary angiosarcoma is an extremely rare entity with fewer than 30 cases reported in the literature. We found no reports of primary pulmonary angiosarcoma presenting as a Pancoast tumor. We describe a case of pulmonary angiosarcoma located in the right superior sulcus that was treated by surgery.
Analysis of various techniques of aortic root enlargement
Authors: Sankalp Sankalp , Yadav Mayank , Kunwar Sidharth Saurabh , Gupta Anubhav
Published: January 2021

Prosthesis-patient mismatch after aortic valve replacement is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. A myriad of techniques have been described for aortic root enlargement to circumvent this problem. We review the salient techniques with their merits, demerits, and results.
Aspergillus flavus costochondritis following coronary artery bypass grafting: a case report and a brief review of literature
Authors: Mohammad Aamir , Benjamin Santhosh Regini , Mallampati Sameer , Gnanamuthu Birla Roy , Prabhu Anne Jennifer , Ninan Marilyn Mary
Published: January 2021

Bacterial sternal wound infections following cardiac surgery are not uncommon. However, sternal wound infection by a fungus is a rarity, and it warrants a correct diagnosis followed by specific treatment. We report a case of Aspergillus sternal wound infection with costochondritis following cardiac surgery, and briefly review the relevant literature.