bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sprachniveau in Online- und TV-Nachrichten: Eine quantitative computergestützte Textanalyse der Online- und TV-Berichterstattung von ARD, ZDF, Sat.1 und RTL
Authors: Lange Benjamin P. , Bayirli Aylin , Schwab Frank
Published: November 2020

Nachrichten stellen ein beliebtes Forschungsfeld der Kommunikationsforschung dar. In der entsprechenden deutschsprachigen Forschung werden vielfach die Hauptnachrichten der beiden deutschen Rundfunksysteme (öffentlich-rechtlich vs. privat) miteinander verglichen – zuletzt z. B. hinsichtlich ihres Sprachniveaus. Allerdings existiert wenig Forschung, die sich dem Online-Nachrichtenangebot widmet. Daher lag unser Ziel in der Analyse des Sprachniveaus von deutschen Online-Nachrichtenangeboten beider Systeme sowie einzelner Sender (ARD, ZDF, RTL SAT.1) mit Hilfe von vier Kategorien des Textanalyseprogramms Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count sowie von zwei weiteren Massen (Umgangssprache, Flesch-Index), die unterschiedliche Dimensionen des Sprachniveaus erfassen. In Form einer künstlichen Nachrichtenwoche wurden insgesamt 84 Online-Nachrichtentexte hinsichtlich ihres Sprachniveaus analysiert. Online-Nachrichten der Privatsender wiesen durchschnittlich längere Texte und mehr Wörter pro Satz auf. Ein Unterschied hinsichtlich Wortschatzdiversität und Wortkomplexität konnte nicht gefunden werden. Die Ergebnisse zum Flesch-Index zeigen, dass Online-Nachrichten beider Systeme ähnlich schwer verständlich sind. Diese Ergebnisse wurden aktuellen Daten zum Sprachniveau klassischer TV-Nachrichten gegenübergestellt. Dabei wurde evident, dass Online-Nachrichten höhere Werte bei einigen Markern des Sprachniveaus aufwiesen, was u. a. mit Hilfe des Kontinuums Mündlichkeit-Schriftlichkeit kontextualisierbar ist, und dass sich das Sprachniveau in Online-Nachrichten zwischen den Systemen und Sendern, im Unterschied zu TV-Nachrichten, eher ähnelte, was im ersten Fall als Konvergenz, im zweiten als Konkurrenz interpretiert werden kann.
Hybrid professionalism in journalism: Opportunities and risks of hacker sources
Authors: Di Salvo Philip , Porlezza Colin
Published: November 2020

Hackers have a double relevance with regard to the transformation of the journalistic field: first, they have established themselves as journalistic actors, even if their work may sometimes seem unfamiliar. Second, hackers have not only become important sources for information but they are also a topic of public interest in a data-driven society increasingly threatened by surveillance capitalism. This paper critically discusses the role of hackers as news sources by analyzing the “stalkerware” investigation carried out by the online news magazine Motherboard. Drawing from field theory and boundary work, the article sheds light on how hackers exert an increasing influence on journalism, its practices, epistemologies, and ethics, resulting in an increasing hybridization of journalism. Journalism has become a dynamic space, in which hackers are not only becoming relevant actors in the journalism field, but they often represent the only sources journalists have to shed light on wrongdoings. Hence, hackers are increasingly defining the conditions under which journalism is carried out, both in terms of its practices as well as in its normative framework.
The association between IVF and chromosomal abnormalities compared to spontaneous conception
Authors: Alharthi Sawsan , Alrasheed Lama , Alrashed Ghada , Almutairi Ghaida , Nashabat Marwan , Alfadhel Majid
Published: November 2020

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a process by which an egg is extracted by needle aspiration and then combined with a sperm so that fertilization can occur outside the body. Genetic defects, such as chromosomal abnormalities, are considered rare among the general population; however, even though their incidence among IVF-conceived children is uncommon, several alarming studies were published on the increased risk of chromosomal abnormalities IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)-conceived children compared to universal rates. This study aimed to review the literature and present data to answer whether IVF or ICSI is associated with an increased risk of chromosomal abnormalities inborn after IVF/ICSI treatment compared to spontaneously conceived children. Relevant published scientific articles were searched in the Medline database, using combinations of the following key terms: \"IVF\", \"in vitro fertilization\", \"ICSI\", \"intracytoplasmic sperm injection\", \"natural conception\", \"spontaneous conception\" along with \"chromosomal abnormalities\", \"chromosomal defects\", \"sex chromosome aneuploidy\", and \"trisomy\". The eligible studies were considered as studies exploring the association of IVF/ICSI with chromosomal abnormalities compared to spontaneous conception. The search included studies published from 1992 to 2018. The results for the association of chromosomal abnormalities and IVF remain unclear. As many studies proved a significant increase in chromosomal abnormalities and syndromes among the IVF population, other studies were contradicting and contributed the abnormalities to several environmental and technical factors.
Fístula perianal compleja. Tratamiento con plasma rico en plaquetas
Authors:   Hospital J. M. Cullen, Moroni Bruno M. ,   Hospital C. B. Udaondo,   Sanatorio Santa Fe, Muñoz Juan P. ,   Hospital J. B. Iturraspe, Battú Camila C. , Straini Pedro E. , Theiler Gustavo C. , Valentini Rosana
Published: November 2020

A male patient with a diagnosis of steroid dependent inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis) sought medical care due to complex perianal fistula with extended chronic inflammation of the perianal region that was successfully treated with platelet-rich plasma as a single therapy. The benefits of autologous platelet-rich plasma for the treatment of this type of fistulas are presented. In this way, there is no need to perform surgery in a chronic inflammatory territory with high rate of complications and recurrence affecting patients’ quality of life.
Papel de la proteína C reactiva y la velocidad de sedimentación globular en la predicción de colecistectomía laparoscópica dificultosa: su aplicación en un programa de residencia universitario
Authors:   Hospital de Clínicas José de San Martín, Universidad de Buenos Aires., Loccisano Matías H. , Drago Martín , Todeschini Hernán , Sarotto Luis E.
Published: November 2020

Background: laparoscopic cholecystectomy is one of the most common procedures performed in general surgery. The anatomical differences of the gallbladder and the presence of factors related to inflammation can cause technical issues during surgery. Objective: the aim of the present study was to determine the value of C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) as predictors of difficult cholecystectomy and to evaluate their application during presurgical planning within a university residency program. Material and methods: we conducted a retrospective and analytical study in a tertiary university hospital. A total of 104 adult patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy due to symptomatic cholelithiasis between January and July 2019 were included. The patients were categorized into two groups: difficult cholecystectomy and non-difficult cholecystectomy. Results: there were statistically significant differences in ESR and CRP values between both groups (p < 0.001). Sensitivity of ESR was 100%, specificity was 45%, with a PPV of 40% and NPV of 100%. Sen- sitivity of CRP was 87.5%, specificity was 86.3%, with a PPV of 70% and NPV of 95%. Both parameters were elevated in 14 of 16 difficult cholecystectomies and in 2 of 44 non-difficult cholecystectomies. Sensitivity of CRP was 87.5%, specificity was 86.3%, with a PPV of 70% and NPV of 95%. Conclusion: measuring ESR and CRP has proved to be a reliable method to predict difficult chole- cystectomies due to symptomatic cholelithiasis. This could be applied for surgical planning within a university residency program.
Tríada de Rigler radiológica en un caso de íleo biliar
Authors:   Hospital de Clínicas. Montevideo. Uruguay., Varela Vega Martín , Mandacen Micaela , Pouy Andrés
Published: November 2020

Background: gallstone ileus is a rare complication of cholelithiasis. It is defined as a mechanical obstruction of the small bowel due to impaction of large gallstones into the gastrointestinal tract, generally though a cholecystoduodenal fistula. Rigler’s triad (pneumobilia, ectopic gallstone and mechanical obstruction) occurs in 30% of the patients. Surgery is indicated and includes enterotomy with gallstone extraction. Objective: we report a case of gallstone ileus with radiographic evidence of Rigler’s triad
Towards the Development of 3D Engine Assembly SimulationLearningModulefor Senior High School
Authors:   Mexico Campus, Don Honorio Ventura State University, Miranda John Paul , Yambao Jaymark ,   Mexico Campus, Don Honorio Ventura State University, Marcelo Jhon Asley ,   Mexico Campus, Don Honorio Ventura State University, Gonzales Christopher Robert ,   Mexico Campus, Don Honorio Ventura State University, Mungcal Vee-jay ,   Mexico Campus, Don Honorio Ventura State University, Baluyut Robine ,   Mexico Campus, Don Honorio Ventura State University
Published: November 2020

Purpose–The focus of the study is to develop a 3D engine assembly simulation learning module to address the lack of equipmentin one senior high school in the Philippines.Method–The study used mixed-method to determine the considerations needed in developing an application for educational use particularly among laboratory/practical subjects like engine assembly.The study used ISO 25010qualitystandardsin evaluating the application(n=153 students and 3 ICT experts).Results–Results showed that the application is moderately acceptable(overall mean = 3.52)under ISO 25010 quality standards. Conclusion–The study created an engine simulation learning assembly in which teachers can use to augment their lesson. The study also highlights the applicability of using 3D-related technologies for practical and laboratory subjects particularly highly technical-related subjects.Recommendations–Future studies may develop a similar applicationin the same contextusing mobileand other emergingtechnology(i.e., Virtual Reality,Augmented Reality) as well as making the content more customizable.Effectivity of the system in an actual setting is also worth pursuing.Research Implications–The study highlighted the potential use of 3D technology in a classroom setting.
Application of Spatiotemporal Analysis and Knowledge Discovery for Databases in the Bureau of Fire Protection as Incident Report System: Tool for Improving Fire Services
Authors:   Graduate School, University of the East-Manila, Balahadia Francis , Vinluan Albert ,   Graduate School,University of the East-Manila, Gonzales Dennis ,   Graduate School,University of the East-Manila, Ballera Melvin ,   Technological Institute of the Philippines-Manila
Published: November 2020

Purpose–This study aims to contribute to the fire research by developing a fire report management system for the BFP that can analyze spatiotemporal attributes of fire and 520apply Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) methods to identify patterns of fire incidents in the city of Manila.Method–The proponents applied the Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) methods for the processing of identifying fire patterns as well as the application of SMOTE, One-Hot Encoding, and Agile Method as Software developmental model. Result–The records obtained from the BFP headquarters in Manila had a total of 3,506 cases during the six years from 2011 to 2016. The accuracy of the Decision Tree classifier model was 95.92%.Using KDD approach, it generated decision rules fire pattern in Manila. Most fire causes fall under the 'Under Investigation' category while Residential-Commercial types of establishments in Intramuros were affected. Lastly, the fire occurred in the mornings, during Sundays when most people are in their homes and the majority of which took place in the Pandacan district.Conclusion–The application of KDD in building a predictive model to be integrated into the system was the major part of this project. The outputs generated by the system can provide material for use in more accurate fire risk assessments, more efficient allocation of fire resources and personnel, and more targeted fire awareness and prevention programs.Recommendation–Future research in this area may include other factors contributing to a higher likelihood of fire incidences such as weather conditions and other geographical attributes of fire-prone locations. Analysis of these and other relevant factors may allow the BFP to gainfurther insights into the causes of fire incidents, which will enable the agency to make the necessary adjustments and changes in their current fire prevention and risk reduction programsPractical Implication–This study provides direct implication for the Bureau of Fire Protection and community through the given insights of the fire activities and the created model of the system that determine Manila's fire patterns that help identify appropriate information about fire activities and preventive measures of fire incidents.
A Picture Is Worth a Thousand Words: The Use of Pictures to Promote Literacy and Reading in Foundation Phase and ABET-Level 1 Learners
Authors: Mosako Daniel Rankadi , Ngoepe Mpho
Published: November 2020

Since time immemorial, pictorial images have been used to illustrate, document, map, narrate, and facilitate textual and verbal information. The facilitation and illustration of texts through pictorial support have an added advantage in the sense that it stimulates both spheres of the human brain, thus making lasting effects on the impression of cognitive understanding of the content read and boosting reading comprehension. These positive effects and benefits are observed in storybooks with illustrations that present an aesthetic appeal and typographic interplay to the reader. In recent years, texts and stories have been conveyed and disseminated through visual compositions, creative outputs and visual narrations that are presently enhanced by digital technology. This is a conceptual paper that is conducted from a constructivist point of view, reviewing literature on photo elicitation where pictures are used as aids to facilitate comprehension in textual readings. It is argued that the eradication of illiteracy through reading is a less intuitive and rather complex process that requires the reader to read the text at hand with good comprehension and understanding. The study concludes that pictorial images are worth being part of the typography of texts because they create the necessary visual appeal and support the reading process, especially for foundation phase and adult basic education and training (ABET) level 1 learners.
Storytelling Initiatives and Reading in Schools in South Africa: A Case from Limpopo Province
Authors: Mojapelo Samuel Maredi
Published: November 2020

Reading is a competency that learners need to acquire from primary school level to enable them to filter through the entire education system. Storytelling is regarded as a teaching resource that literacy teachers can use to stimulate learners to love books, to read and to acquire reading habits and skills. However, in South Africa, it is a stark reality that primary school learners perform poorly in reading, writing and numeracy in comparative and standardised international and national assessments. The lack of exposure to quality reading materials at home and at school has been cited as one of the challenges learners are facing in acquiring reading habits, reading skills and a reading culture. The aim of this study was to investigate storytelling initiatives in primary schools to enhance reading literacy and a culture of reading in learners. To collect in-depth data from 10 Grade 4 or 5 literacy teachers who were selected through purposive sampling, a qualitative research approach was adopted. This approach enabled the researcher to visit literacy teachers physically in 10 primary schools to get first-hand information. Ten primary schools were selected through convenience sampling. The findings indicate that the Department of Basic Education (DBE) encourages storytelling as a weapon to resuscitate and encourage learners to acquire reading skills and to read with confidence in front of their fellow learners from other schools during reading competitions. The study recommends that apart from learning and teaching support materials (LTSM), the DBE needs to procure additional quality reading materials, such as storybooks, including talking books, video games, magazines and newspapers, for distribution to all schools to enable learners to develop reading habits and to inculcate a reading culture in them.
Sustainability of Book Clubs in a Rural Setting in Limpopo Province: A Case of Re-atlegile Book Club
Authors: Boloka Mamotshabo J
Published: November 2020

The level of illiteracy in South Africa, especially in rural areas, is considered high. Reading clubs are one of the major tools used for improving literacy levels in rural areas. This qualitative study explored the sustainability of reading clubs in rural settings in Limpopo Province, South Africa, with a view to promoting reading. Qualitative data were collected through telephone interviews from five Re-atlegile Book Club members in Dikgale Village of Limpopo Province. Responses were thematically transcribed to obtain an indication of ways in which the reading club is sustained to promote the culture of reading in rural areas. It was found that, despite the large number of learners registered for the book club, there is a lack of reading materials and reading spaces to cater for all children. The participants indicated that they relied extensively on materials received from Nal’ibali, a national reading campaign of the University of Limpopo targeting children and lecturers. It is argued that sustaining book clubs in rural areas requires support from non-governmental organisations (NGOs), but most importantly, from the Department of Arts and Culture (DAC), as it is mandated to provide information services. This study recommends that the DAC, as well as the National Library of South Africa (NLSA), should support book clubs to ensure their sustainability. This could be achieved through book donations, the creation of reading spaces in public libraries, and obtaining funds from outside sources to purchase reading materials for book clubs.
Special Issue: Reading Ecosystem
Authors: Ngoepe Mpho
Published: November 2020

Editorial
An overview of teledentistry with a cross-sectional study on relevant knowledge and attitude of dentists in Mumbai
Authors: Save Siddhesh Sandip , Singh Sanpreet Sachdev , Kalra Dheeraj D. , Jhaveri Smit Tushar , Avhad Sanket Keshav
Published: November 2020

Objectives:

Teledentistry is a relatively novel aspect, wherein digital telecommunication modalities are effectively employed for transferring data such as images and videos between dental professionals and patients that are physically separated across a distance. The concept could be essentially beneficial in improving the provision of oral health care to patients in rural areas and remote locations, especially in situations such as the present COVID-19 pandemic.

Materials and Methods:

Dental professionals having at least a graduation degree (BDS) were considered eligible for the study. A self-constructed e-questionnaire comprising 15 questions was validated and then circulated online with the aid of messenger applications and emails to the eligible participants. The data were analyzed based on age, gender, qualification, and years of experience for the dentist-based survey using the Chi-square test.

Results:

Our results indicate that only 55.6% of respondents had come across this relatively novel concept of digitalized health care provision with only 43% being aware of the modalities that can be utilized for the same. A significant portion (70–80%) of the respondents supported the utility of teledentistry in various specialization branches of dental practice.

Conclusion:

Despite multiple benefits of teledentistry in various aspects of the field of dental practice and education, its use is still limited due to relative unawareness. With the present technology available across dental clinics even in rural areas, it is now more feasible and simpler to incorporate teledentistry into one’s dental practice subsequently improving the quality of the oral health care system.
A tailored tooth brushing program to control plaque accumulation and gingivitis among orphan children: A randomized trial
Authors: Vijayasekaram Rajitharan , Senerath Osheda , Thevarasah Nivethika , Baig Mohammed Habibulla , Raj S. S.
Published: November 2020

Objectives:

Poor oral hygiene among children is major cause of gingivitis, caries, and especially orphans constitute socially disadvantaged group. The objective of the study was to assess the efficacy of a tailored tooth brushing program to improve supragingival plaque control and gingival health among 13–17-year-old orphan children in Chennai city over a period of 21 days.

Materials and Methods:

A double-blind parallel, controlled clinical trial was conducted among 60 orphan children (28 males and 32 females) with mean age of 15.24 years. Dental plaque was assessed using the Turesky modification of Quigley-Hein index; gingival inflammation was assessed using gingival index at initial visit and after 14 and 21 days. Subjects were randomly allocated into one of two groups (study – audiovisual and individual demonstration of brushing technique with reinforcement at 14 days follow-up/control – only individual demonstration) and instructed to brush twice daily using modified bass technique with the toothbrush and paste provided throughout the trial.

Results:

The children who had audiovisual, individual demonstrations of brushing technique exhibited significantly superior total oral plaque control and significant reduction in the gingival inflammation at the end of 21 days trial (P < 0.05). The study group participants reported improved compliance and motivation to practice modified bass technique because of the reinforcement.

Conclusion:

The children who had both audiovisual and individual demonstration exhibited superior total plaque control and gingival health compared to control group and continued to demonstrate modified bass technique without any reinforcement at the end of 21 days trial.
Szorongás, depresszió és egészségkontrollhit kapcsolata a metabolikus szindrómával
Authors: Rafael Beatrix , Péter Lea , Kósa István
Published: November 2020

A publikáció célja elemezni a depresszió, a szorongás és az egészségkontrollhit kapcsolatát a metabolikus szindrómával. A metabolikus szindrómában (MS) szenvedők száma évről évre nő. Mivel ismert rizikótényezője a szív- és érrendszeri megbetegedéseknek és a 2-es típusú diabétesznek, ezért fontos azon tényezők feltárása, amelyek változtatásával e szindróma megelőzhető, vagy az ebben szenvedők életszínvonala javítható. Eddigi kutatások szerint elhízás esetén (BMI >30) kb. 20-45%-kal gyakrabban van jelen unipoláris depresszió, pánikbetegség, illetve bipoláris zavar és szignifikáns összefüggést találtak férfiak esetében a depressziós tünetek és a zsigeri elhízás között, míg nőknél a depresszió és a hyperglykaemia között. A metabolikus szindróma unipoláris depresszióban 40-48%-ban, míg bipoláris zavarnál 25 és 49% között van jelen. Az egészséggel kapcsolatos kontrollhit befolyásolja az egyén egészséggel kapcsolatos viselkedését, és ez által meghatározza az egészségi állapotát. A belső kontrollhit pozitív egészségmagatartásokkal, pozitív érzelmekkel, míg a külső kontrollhit két csoportja (társas külső kontrollhit és véletlen külső kontrollhit) egészségtelenebb viselkedésmódokkal (dohányzás, alkoholfogyasztás, egészségtelenebb étkezés, kevesebb testmozgás) áll összefüggésben, amelyek növelhetik a metabolikus szindróma kialakulásának esélyét. A metabolikus szindróma elsődlegesen életmódváltással kezelhető kórkép. A tartós testsúlycsökkenés és életmódváltás egy hosszú, komplex folyamatot igényel, amelyben a pszichoszociális tényezők is kiemelkedő szerepet játszanak.
Kérdések és lehetőségek eplerenonterápia kapcsán
Authors: Moser György
Published: November 2020

A szerző kiindulási alapnak tekinti az eplerenonnal kapcsolatos megatrialok eredményeit. A továbblépés lehetőségeit több irányban keresi: milyen korán érdemes elkezdeni akut miokardiális infarktusban az eplerenont, és miért? Van-e annak veszélye? Mi utal arra, hogy a nagy vizsgálatok protokolljához képest tartalékok lehetnek e terápia még koraibb iniciálásában? A klasszikus, ACEI-re ráépített eplerenonkezelésben a sorrend felcserélhető-e? Milyen érvek szólnak mellette? A spironolakton és az eplerenon mellékhatásprofilja különböző, és hasonlóan eltér farmakokinetikájuk is. Az utóbbinak is fontos gyakorlati vonzata van.
An Activity-Based Fluorescent Sensor for the Detection of the Phenol Sulfotransferase SULT1A1 in Living Cells
Authors: Baglia Regina A. , Mills Kira , Mitra Koushambi , Tutol Jasmine , Ball Darby , Page Kierstin , Kallu Jyothi , Gottipolu Sriharika , D’Arcy Sheena , Nielsen Steven O. , Dodani Sheel
Published: November 2020

The biological activation and incorporation of inorganic sulfate proceeds via a process known as sulfurylation. Transfer of a sulfuryl moiety from the activated sulfate donor, 3’-phosphoadenosine-5’-phosphosulfate (PAPS), to hydroxy-containing substrates by human phenol sulfotransferases (SULT1 family) alters substrate solubility and charge to affect the metabolism of endogenous metabolites, xenobiotics, and drugs. Current methods to monitor SULT1 activity in living cells primarily rely on radiolabeling and/or cell extractions, but these methods do not provide a direct readout of enzyme activity with a dynamic, temporally resolved spatial map in live, intact cells. To fill this gap, here, we present the development, computational modeling, in vitro enzymology, and biological application of Sulfotransferase Sensor-3, STS-3, an activity-based fluorescent sensor for SULT1A1, the most widely expressed and promiscuous SULT1 isoform.
Modeling Variance: A Variance-Motivated Approach to Molecular Prediction
Authors: mitchell na'il
Published: November 2020

In this variance-motivated study, the variance of a multi-thousand molecular dataset of Coulomb matrices is analyzed. This paper presents novel statistical methods and models that can aide in molecular prediction and analysis. A blended statistical/ML model is introduced for classifying data as Normal as well as a model for visualizing variance. Linear regression is also used to show a potential simple and 1 dimensional molecular descriptor, for some molecules.
Multi-task Bayesian Optimization of Chemical Reactions
Authors: Felton Kobi , Wigh Daniel , Lapkin Alexei
Published: November 2020

Recent work has shown how Bayesian optimization (BO) is an efficient method for optimizing expensive experiments such as chemical reactions. However, in previous studies, each optimization has been started from scratch with no information about previous or similar chemical optimization studies. Therefore, BO can still require more iterations than many experimental budgets provide. Here, we overcome this challenge using multi-task BO. Through in silico benchmarking studies, we show how past experimental data can be leveraged to improve the quality and speed of reaction optimization.
Coloring Molecules with Explainable Artificial Intelligence for Preclinical Relevance Assessment
Authors: Jimenez-Luna Jose , Skalic Miha , Weskamp Nils , Schneider Gisbert
Published: November 2020

Graph neural networks are able to solve certain drug discovery tasks such as molecular property prediction and de novo molecule generation. However, these models are considered 'black-box' and 'hard-to-debug'. This study aimed to improve modeling transparency for rational molecular design by applying the integrated gradients explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) approach for graph neural network models. Models were trained for predicting plasma protein binding, cardiac potassium channel inhibition, passive permeability, and cytochrome P450 inhibition. The proposed methodology highlighted molecular features and structural elements that are in agreement with known pharmacophore motifs, correctly identified property cliffs, and provided insights into unspecific ligand-target interactions. The developed XAI approach is fully open-sourced and can be used by practitioners to train new models on other clinically-relevant endpoints.
Getting Students Back on Track: Persistent Effects of Flipping Accelerated Organic Chemistry on Student Achievement, Study Strategies, and Perceptions of Instruction
Authors: Reimer Lynn C. , Denaro Kameryn , He Wenliang , Link Renee
Published: November 2020

Converting a first-term, accelerated summer organic chemistry course to a flipped format reduced the achievement gap in the flipped course and in the second-term traditional lecture course between Non-Repeaters taking an accelerated course to “get ahead” and Repeaters taking the course to “get back on track.” The difference in final exam performance in the second-term course was nearly halved, the GPA gap in both courses was reduced, and the gap in passing rate for the second-term course was eliminated. While most students responded positively to the flipped course structure, repeating students held a stronger preference for the flipped format. These findings provide guidance on how to create courses that promote equity, access and retention of diverse students in STEM.
2019-nCoV Routes, Current Trends and Future Dental Challenges in India
Authors: Himangi Dubey  , Abhishek Kumar Tiwari  , Pallavi Singh  , Palkin Mehta  , Swati Srivastava  , Syed Haider Mehdi
Published: November 2020

Coronavirus outbreak (2019-nCoV) emerged as a global health threat. World Health Organization (WHO) unveiled it as an international emergent situation. 2019-nCoV person-to-person transmission typically occurs through coughing, sneezing, droplet inhaling, and surface touch. Containment measures are needed to prevent further spread. It is worth mentioning that the risk of cross-infection among patients and dentists are high as oral investigations and treatment measures involve one-on-one contact, exposure to blood, saliva, and other bodily fluids. Therefore, effective countermeasures shall be planned to inhibit 2019-nCoV transmission in the dental setting as well. This review article highlights the essential knowledge of possible transmission routes of 2019-nCoV in dental settings. It also focuses on effective practice to be followed by dental health care practitioners (DHCP) to block the routes of transmission in dental clinics and hospitals. The article also attempts to highlight future challenges involved in a dental setting in India. This review will be especially helpful for dentists and maxillofacial in following the informed guidelines to prevent the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19).
A Review on Methods of Face Masks Sterilization for Reuse Owing To Crisis During COVID-19
Authors: Pradyuman Singh Rajput  , Asish Kumar Saha  , Insiya Gangardiwala  , Anand Vijayakumar Palur Ramakrishnan
Published: November 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic initially started from the Wuhan capital city of Hubei Province in the People's Republic of China had now led to a severe public health hazard across the globe, the recorded death is approximately 958 thousand globally and counting. With the enormous amount of spread of the disease, a severe crisis for Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is being noticed across the globe. Face masks being the first line of defence for all the healthcare workers as well for the common public. It became mandatory to wear face masks before entering the patient care area. The countries who are not manufacturing it locally had to depend on other countries for the procurement. As there is a severe supply chain disruption due to the lockdown measures taken by all the countries to contain the disease, so it had become difficult to procure the face masks from the manufacturing countries. The price for these PPEs is also rising at an alarming rate with the increase in the COVID-19 cases and the huge rate of consumption by the healthcare and other sectors. Therefore, with limited resources, the hospital has to run its services. The CDC, WHO and ICMR have released several guidelines from time to time for sterilization and reuse of face masks. This article will discuss the various methods that can be utilized to sterilize the face masks and reuse of it.
Authors' correction for Euro Surveill 2008;13(7)
Authors:   Eurosurveillance editorial team
Published: November 2020

On request of the authors, four numbers were corrected in Table 2 of the article Mumps outbreak in young adults following a festival in Austria, 2006, published on 14 February 2008.
EFSA publishes survey on prevalence of Salmonella in turkey flocks in the European Union, 2006-2007
Authors: Editorial team Collective
Published: November 2020

The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has published a survey on Salmonella levels detected on commercial turkey farms across the European Union.
Eurosurveillance has a vacancy for an Assistant Editor
Authors:   Eurosurveillance editorial team
Published: November 2020

We are looking for someone to join our editorial team whose English language skills are at the level of a native speaker and who has experience in scientific editing and writing.
Job vacancies at the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
Authors:   Eurosurveillance editorial team
Published: November 2020

The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control invites applications for a number of positions
THE ORTHOGRAPHIC AND PHONETIC BOHEMISMS IN THE 17TH CENTURY SLOVAK TRANSLATIONS OF COMENIUS' JANUA LINGUAE LATINAE RESERATA AUREA
Authors: Lifanov Konstantin
Published: November 2020

The article is devoted to the analysis of the orthographic and phonetic systems of two independent 17th century translations of the J.A. Comeniusʼ paper into Slovak language. Analysis of the text revealed a close connection between the translation language and the Czech language. It presents a significant number of bohemisms and the degree of their use varies significantly, and some of them are even used absolutely consistently. At the same time, the translation language has an amazing similarity, although one of them is more conservative in terms of preserving elements of Czech origin.
ONCE AGAIN ABOUT THE PERFECT AND IMPERFECT TEXTBOOK
Authors: Izotov Andrey
Published: November 2020

The article considers the possibilities of using authentic material in the teaching of the Czech language. The new textbook presents an attempt to maximize the use of such authentic language material. However, the textbook maintains a consistent reliance on the principles of comparison of the Czech language with the Russian language and on the system-functional principle of presenting language material, as it is in the classic textbook, written by a team of authors edited by Professor A. G. Shirokova.
FROM THE POLYGON-70 EXPERIMENT TO THE ABYSSAL EXPERIMENT
Authors: Nikitin O.P.
Published: November 2020

The article discusses the issues of reconstructing the mesoscale fields of hydrophysical characteristics from measurement data, as well as the layout of moorings in the ocean experiments Polygon–70, SDE POLYMODE and Abyssal, in which the author of the article took part. A number of important results of the analysis of the vertical structure and variability of synoptic currents in the regions of these experiments are also presented.
ON THE MULTI-DECADAL OSCILLATION OF THE HEAT CONTENT OF THE WORLD OCEAN
Authors: Byshev V.I. , Anisimov M.V. , Gusev A.V. , Gruzinov V.M. , Sidorova A.N.
Published: November 2020

Multi-decade rhythmicity is one of the most important features of the dynamics of the modern climate. The rhythm of 1940–1999 was a two-phase structure in which the initial phase (1940–1974) was essentially continental, and the final phase (1975–1999) was relatively wet. The transition of the climate from the continental phase to the humid one in the mid-70s of the twentieth century was “sudden” and recognized as a climate shift. A certain globality and quasi-synchronicity of multi-decade climate changes is realized with the participation of planetary thermodynamic structures both in the ocean and in the atmosphere of two the most important components of the climate system. The presence of a Global atmospheric oscillation was discovered and studied in detail. This paper offers the first attempt to consider the content and features of the planetary multi-decadal oscillation of the heat content of the World Ocean. The analysis of ocean oscillation is based on the results of numerical simulation of the World Ocean water circulation in the period from 1948 to 2007 using the model of the Marchuk Institute of Numerical Mathematics of Russian Academy of Sciences. The differences in the average water temperature fields in the upper 1200-meter layer, calculated for two opposite phases of the oscillation, revealed the main features of its structure.
ANTARCTIC WIND INTENSIFICATION AS INFERRED FROM THE NCEP/NCAR REANALYSIS DATA
Authors: Romanova N.A. , Romanov P.Yu.
Published: November 2020

NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data have been used to examine variations of the sea level pressure and of the surface wind speed in the Antarctic region from 1950 to 2019. The objective of the work was to identify changes and quantify long-term trends in these two major weather and climate elements. The analysis included time series of monthly mean values of the sea level pressure and of the surface wind speed as well as their yearly means. The study has shown a gradual decrease of the sea level pressure and a gradual increase of the surface wind speed in the high latitude region of the Southern Hemisphere in the last 70 years (1950–2019). The largest pressure decrease was within 65–70°S latitude band approximately corresponding to the location of the Antarctic Circumpolar Trough (ACT). The estimated trend in the yearly averaged sea level pressure ranged from –0.058 mb/yr over the open ocean north of ACT, within the 50–60°S latitude band, to –0.148 mb/yr over the Antarctic continent, within 65–85°S latitudes. The zonal-mean wind speed trends ranged within 0.020 m/s/yr and 0.026 m/s/yr over the continent and over the open ocean with up to the 3–4 times larger values in the coastal areas of East Antarctica. Seasonally larger changes in both parameters occurred in the cold period of the year from April to August. Trends in both the sea level pressure and in the wind speed in the Antarctic region were found to generally decelerate in the last decade covered by the dataset.
Review of the investigations of the Mediterranean intrathermocline eddies in the Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Filyushkin B.N. , Kozhelupova N.G.
Published: November 2020

The Mediterranean waters (MW) occupy intermediate depths (500–1500 m) of the Northeast Atlantic. These waters are transported by the bottom current to the Atlantic through the Strait of Gibraltar. Salinity of these waters exceeds 37.0 and the temperature is warmer than 13°C. In addition to the MW transport by the quasi-continuous “stream” component there is an irregular “lens” component. This component consists of intra-thermocline eddies or long-living MW lenses, the “Meddies”, which are formed west of the Iberian Peninsula and then spread over long distances. These lenses desintegrated in time and support the salt MW “tongue” far from the Strait of Gibraltar. The goal of this work is to give a brief review of the main research of this phenomenon and to determine the criteria to distinguish MW lenses based on selected field data. Peculiarities of the space and time evolution of the MW lenses are shown based on the T,S-analysis of the lens cores.
THE PREDICTION OF THE THERMOHYDROGRAVIDYNAMIC THEORY CONCERNING THE STRONGEST INTENSIFICATIONS OF THE SEISMOTECTONIC AND CLIMATIC PROCESSES IN CALIFORNIA SINCE 9 AUGUST, 2017 AND BEFORE 3 MARCH, 2018
Authors: Simonenko Sergey V.
Published: November 2020

The article presents (on October 12, 2017) the prediction (made on 9 August, 2017) of the established global prediction thermohydrogravidynamic principle (of the developed thermohydrogravidynamic theory based on the author’s generalization of the first law of thermodynamics for non-stationary cosmic gravitation) concerning the strongest intensifications of the seismotectonic and climatic processes in California (since 9 August, 2017 and before 3 March, 2018) determined by the maximal (near 7 November, 2017) combined integral energy gravitational influence on the internal rigid core of the Earth (and on the Earth as a whole) of the planets (Mercury,  Venus,  Mars and Jupiter) and  the Sun due to the gravitational interactions of the Sun with Jupiter  Saturn,  Uranus and Neptune. The prediction is based on the established global prediction thermohydrogravidynamic principle (used for the considered real planetary configurations of the Earth and the planets of the Solar System during the range 2004  - 2017) and on the statistical analysis of the previous strongest (according to the U.S. Geological Survey) earthquakes occurred in California near the calculated dates of the local maximal combined planetary and solar integral energy gravitational influences (during the range 2004   2016) on the internal rigid core of the Earth.
QATAR’S EXPERIENCE WITH HEREDITARY BREAST AND OVARIAN CANCER AND HIGH RISK CLINIC: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY 2013-2016
Authors: Bujassoum Salha Mohammed , Bugrein HekmetAbubaker , Al-Sulaiman Reem Jawad , Ghazouani Hafedh
Published: November 2020

Introduction: Approximately 5%-10% of breast cancer is hereditary and BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are responsible for most of the cases. In the State of Qatar, the cancer genetics program was established at National Center of Cancer Care and Research on 2013 which is considered the first of its kind in the region dedicated exclusively to providing genetic counseling, risk assessment and management of high risk patients and their families. In this study, we aim to describe our experience with the hereditary cancer and high risk clinic from the period of March 2013 until December 2016.Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 697 patients were evaluated at the high risk clinic between March 2013 to December 2016. High risk patients were either placed under surveillance or offered genetic testing for the BRCA genes. Results: A total of 697 patients were evaluated at the high risk clinic in which 347 patients were considered eligible for high risk screening. 167 patients pursued genetic testing and 64 patients (38%) had BRCA mutations with BRCA1 being the most common, while 72 patients (43%) were BRCA negative. A total of 31 patients (19%) had variants of unknown significance in the BRCA genes. Most of the BRCA positive patients 63% were affected with either breast and/or ovarian cancers and were within younger age group, while 38% were unaffected. 55% of those BRCA positive affected patients had triple negative breast cancer. The prevalence of BRCA mutations among Qatari breast cancer patients reaches up to 10% while it reaches approximately 3.5% among non-Qatari breast cancer patients. Conclusion: Our program is an example of a well-established and multidisciplinary service targeted toward prevention and personalized medicine in high risk patients that goes in line with Qatar’s 2022 vision of achieving excellence in cancer care. From our unique experience, we show that BRCA mutations are prevalent among Qatari breast cancer patients reaching approximately 10% which can partially explain the young onset diagnosis of breast cancer in Qatar. With the higher awareness about our service and the recent establishment of BRCA testing at HMC, it is believed that the prevalence of BRCA is going to increase. In addition, with the introduction of multigene panel at our clinic, we believe that it will provide us with new perspective on all hereditary cancers. Our data registry on hereditary cancer syndromes will open windows for future research on cancer prevention and targeted therapies.
Identification of Enhancing Factors for Increasing The Power Competitiveness of Small Medium Industry of Batik in Sidoarjo District With Integration of Green Innovation Approach and ISM
Authors: Tjahjani Ida Kusnawati , Hakim Abdul , Yanuwiadi Bagyo , Satria Dias
Published: November 2020

This research was conducted at the Small and Medium Industry (IKM) of batik in the district of Sidoarjo, which is one of 15 districts in East Java who chose One Village One Product (OVOP) as strategies increase the power of competitiveness. There are many problems with SME batik ranging from resources, production processes to product sales, which affect the chosen competitiveness strategy. The respondents were entrepreneurs, the office of SMEs, the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the sub-district, and the village. This research aims to identify the inhibiting factors of increasing competitiveness in the small and medium batik industry in the district of Sidoarjo. The data collection process uses a questionnaire compiled with the Green Innovation approach with five main variables, Green Resource, Green Process, Green Product, Green Innovation, and Competitive Advantage. Green Innovation is a process of continuous innovation that considers the integration of the environment, finance, social systems in the company from the stage of ideas through research and development and commercialization that affect new products, services, technology, business, and organizational models. Determination of alternatives and strategy analysis using the Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM) approach is a method that uses the opinions of experts on the questionnaire that has been distributed. Based on the analysis results, 14 inhibiting factors and six priority levels were obtained, with the highest value of the power driver in the training and outreach factor (10) as the main inhibiting factor in increasing competitiveness. Therefore, it requires the involvement of all parties related to the batik SMEs to improve their competitiveness and the strategies they choose.
Inner Speech Modification and Young Offender Re-offence: Literature Review and Implications
Authors: Elsom Jessica
Published: November 2020

Inner speech is the voice in our heads that serves a variety of functions, and impacts individuals’ thoughts and behaviours. It is thought that young offenders have misguiding inner voices, and there is hope that professionals can change this through inner speech modification. During treatment, practitioners attempt to teach young offenders to use skills and tools. Ideally, this will reduce recidivism rates and allow these youth to become contributing members of society. In this literature review, the relationship between inner speech and young offender reoffence is examined. The purpose of this research is to bridge literature on inner speech, cognitive behavioural therapy, and young offender research to provide a source of suggestions for reducing delinquent behaviours. I advocate for inner speech modification programs in young offender rehabilitation because the research presented in this review supports the use of innerspeech in behaviour modification. I argue that the programs designed for young offenders need continued flexibility, and that there needs to be an increase in program availability for young offenders, especially ones involving inner speech modification. I also suggest that researchers should examine more preventative, earlier intervention programs, and investigate the relationships between inner speech and language deficiencies in young offenders.