bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Controlling the Correctness of Aggregation Operations During Sessions of Interactive Analytic Queries
Authors: Simon Eric , Amann Bernd , Liu Rutian , Gançarski Stéphane
Published: January 2023

We present a comprehensive set of conditions and rules to control the correctness of aggregation queries within an interactive data analysis session. The goal is to extend self-service data preparation and Business Intelligence (BI) tools to automatically detect semantically incorrect aggregate queries on analytic tables and views built by using the common analytic operations including filter, project, join, aggregate, union, difference, and pivot. We introduceaggregable propertiesto describe for any attribute of an analytic table, which aggregation functions correctly aggregate the attribute along which sets of dimension attributes. These properties can also be used to formally identify attributes that aresummarizablewith respect to some aggregation function along a given set of dimension attributes. This is particularly helpful to detect incorrect aggregations of measures obtained through the use of non-distributive aggregation functions like average and count. We extend the notion of summarizability by introducing a newgeneralized summarizability conditionto control the aggregation of attributes after any analytic operation. Finally, we definepropagation rulesthat transform aggregable properties of the query input tables into new aggregable properties for the result tables, preserving summarizability and generalized summarizability.
Visual Analytics of Co-Occurrences to Discover Subspaces in Structured Data
Authors: Jentner Wolfgang , Lindholz Giuliana , Hauptmann Hanna , El-Assady Mennatallah , Ma Kwan-Liu , Keim Daniel
Published: January 2023

We present an approach that shows all relevant subspaces of categorical data condensed in a single picture. We model the categorical values of the attributes as co-occurrences with data partitions generated from structured data using pattern mining. We show that these co-occurrences are
a-priori
, allowing us to greatly reduce the search space, effectively generating the condensed picture where conventional approaches filter out several subspaces as these are deemed insignificant. The task of identifying interesting subspaces is common but difficult due to exponential search spaces and the curse of dimensionality. One application of such a task might be identifying a cohort of patients defined by attributes such as gender, age, and diabetes type that share a common patient history, which is modeled as event sequences. Filtering the data by these attributes is common but cumbersome and often does not allow a comparison of subspaces. We contribute a powerful
multi-dimensional pattern exploration approach (MDPE-approach)
agnostic to the structured data type that models multiple attributes and their characteristics as co-occurrences, allowing the user to identify and compare thousands of subspaces of interest in a single picture. In our MDPE-approach, we introduce two methods to dramatically reduce the search space, outputting only the boundaries of the search space in the form of two tables. We implement the MDPE-approach in an interactive visual interface (MDPE-vis) that provides a scalable, pixel-based visualization design allowing the identification, comparison, and sense-making of subspaces in structured data. Our case studies using a gold-standard dataset and external domain experts confirm our approach’s and implementation’s applicability. A third use case sheds light on the scalability of our approach and a user study with 15 participants underlines its usefulness and power.
A Fast Optimal Double-row Legalization Algorithm
Authors: Hougardy Stefan , Neuwohner Meike , Schorr Ulrike
Published: January 2023

In Placement Legalization, it is often assumed that (almost) all standard cells possess the same height and can therefore be aligned in
cell rows
, which can then be treated independently. However, this is no longer true for recent technologies, where a substantial number of cells of double- or even arbitrary multiple-row height is to be expected. Due to interdependencies between the cell placements within several rows, the legalization task becomes considerably harder. In this article, we show how to optimize squared cell movement for pairs of adjacent rows comprising cells of single- as well as double-row height with a fixed left-to-right ordering in time 𝒪(
n ·
log (
n
)), where
n
denotes the number of cells involved. Opposed to prior works, we do not artificially bound the maximum cell movement and can guarantee to find an optimum solution. Our approach also allows us to include gridding and movebound constraints for the cells. Experimental results show an average percental decrease of over 26% in the total squared movement when compared to a legalization approach that fixes cells of more than single-row height after Global Placement.
FlatLSM: Write-Optimized LSM-Tree for PM-Based KV Stores
Authors: He Kewen , An Yujie , Luo Yijing , Liu Xiaoguang , Wang Gang
Published: January 2023

The Log-Structured Merge Tree (LSM-Tree) is widely used in key-value (KV) stores because of its excwrite performance. But LSM-Tree-based KV stores still have the overhead of write-ahead log and write stall caused by slow

L
0

flush and

L
0

-

L
1

compaction. New byte-addressable, persistent memory (PM) devices bring an opportunity to improve the write performance of LSM-Tree. Previous studies on PM-based LSM-Tree have not fully exploited PM’s “dual role” of main memory and external storage. In this article, we analyze two strategies of memtables based on PM and the reasons write stall problems occur in the first place. Inspired by the analysis result, we propose FlatLSM, a specially designed flat LSM-Tree for non-volatile memory based KV stores. First, we propose PMTable with separated index and data. The PM Log utilizes the Buffer Log to store KVs of size less than 256B. Second, to solve the write stall problem, FlatLSM merges the volatile memtables and the persistent

L
0

into large PMTables, which can reduce the depth of LSM-Tree and concentrate I/O bandwidth on

L
0

-

L
1

compaction. To mitigate write stall caused by flushing large PMTables to SSD, we propose a parallel flush/compaction algorithm based on KV separation. We implemented FlatLSM based on RocksDB and evaluated its performance on Intel’s latest PM device, the Intel Optane DC PMM with the state-of-the-art PM-based LSM-Tree KV stores, FlatLSM improves the throughput 5.2× on random write workload and 2.55× on YCSB-A.
Number of Variables for Graph Differentiation and the Resolution of Graph Isomorphism Formulas
Authors: Torán Jacobo , Wörz Florian
Published: January 2023

We show that the number of variables and the quantifier depth needed to distinguish a pair of graphs by first-order logic sentences exactly match the complexity measures of clause width and depth needed to refute the corresponding graph isomorphism formula in propositional narrow resolution.

Using this connection, we obtain upper and lower bounds for refuting graph isomorphism formulas in (normal) resolution. In particular, we show that if
k
is the minimum number of variables needed to distinguish two graphs with
n
vertices each, then there is an
n
O
(
k
) resolution refutation size upper bound for the corresponding isomorphism formula, as well as lower bounds of 2

k
-1

and 
k
for the treelike resolution size and resolution clause space for this formula. We also show a (normal) resolution size lower bound of exp (Ω (
k
2
/
n
)) for the case of colored graphs with constant color class sizes.

Applying these results, we prove the first exponential lower bound for graph isomorphism formulas in the proof system SRC-1, a system that extends resolution with a global symmetry rule, thereby answering an open question posed by Schweitzer and Seebach.
Incorporating a Triple Graph Neural Network with Multiple Implicit Feedback for Social Recommendation
Authors: Zhu Haorui , Xiong Fei , Chen Hongshu , Xiong Xi , Wang Liang
Published: January 2023

Graph neural networks have been clearly proven to be powerful in recommendation tasks since they can capture high-order user-item interactions and integrate them with rich attributes. However, they are still limited by the cold-start problem and data sparsity. Using social relationships to assist recommendation is an effective practice, but it can only moderately alleviate these problems. In addition, rich attributes are often unavailable, which prevents graph neural networks from being fully effective. Hence, we propose to enrich the model by mining multiple implicit feedback and constructing a triple GCN component. We have noticed that users may be influenced not only by their trusted friends but also by the ratings that already exist. The implicit influence spreads among the item’s previous and potential raters, and makes a difference on future ratings. The implicit influence is analyzed on the mechanism of information propagation, and fused with the user’s binary implicit attitude, since negative influence propagates as well as the positive one. Furthermore, we leverage explicit feedback, social relationships, and multiple implicit feedback in the triple GCN component. Abundant experiments on real-world datasets reveal that our model has improved significantly in the rating prediction task compared with other state-of-the-art methods.
Validation of an Improved Vision-Based Web Page Parsing Pipeline
Authors: Cormier Michael , Cohen Robin , Mann Richard , Moffatt Karyn , Vogel Daniel , Liu Mengfei , Zheng Shangshang
Published: January 2023

In this article, we present a novel approach to quantitative evaluation of a model for parsing web pages as visual images, intended to provide improvements for users with assistive needs (cognitive or visual deficits, enabling decluttering or zooming and supporting more effective screen reader output). This segmentation-classification pipeline is tested in stages: We first discuss the validation of the segmentation algorithm, showing that our approach produces automated segmentations that are very similar to those produced by real users when making use of a drawing interface to designate edges and regions. We also examine the properties of these ground truth segmentations produced under different conditions. We then describe our Hidden Markov tree approach for classification and present results which serve provide important validation for this model. The analysis is set against effective choices for dataset and pruning options, measured with respect to manual ground truth labelling of regions. In all, we offer a detailed quantitative validation (focused on complex news pages) of a fully pipelined approach for interpreting web pages as visual images, an approach which enables important advances for users with assistive needs.
A PPA Study of Reinforced Placement Parameter Autotuning: Pseudo-3D vs. True-3D Placers
Authors: Murali Gauthaman , Agnesina Anthony , Lim Sung Kyu
Published: January 2023

D Place and Route (P&R) flows either involve true-3D placement algorithms or use commercial 2D tools to transform a 2D design into a 3D design. Irrespective of the nature of the placers, several placement parameters in these tools affect the quality of the final 3D designs. Different parameter settings work well with different circuits, and it is impossible to manually tune them for a particular circuit. Automated approaches involving reinforcement learning have been shown to adapt and learn the parameter settings and create trained models. However, their effectiveness depends on the input dataset quality. Using a set of 10 netlists and 10–21 handpicked placement parameters in P&R flows involving pseudo-3D or true-3D placement, the dataset quality is analyzed. The datasets are the design metrics obtained through different P&R stages, such as placement optimization, clock tree synthesis, or 3D partitioning and global routing. The training runtime and the quality of the final design metrics are compared. On a pseudo-3D flow, the training takes around 126–290 hours, whereas, on a true-3D placer-based flow, it takes around 305–410 hours. It is observed that the datasets obtained from different stages lead to drastically different final design results. With the RL-based training processes, the quality of results in 3D designs improves by up to 23.7% compared to their corresponding untrained P&R flows.
Exact Solution of (
4
+
1
)-Dimensional Boiti–Leon–Manna–Pempinelli Equation
Authors: Hao Qili
Published: January 2023

Based on the Hirota bilinear method, using the heuristic function method and mathematical symbolic computation system, various exact solutions of the (

4
+
1

)-dimensional Boiti–Leon–Manna–Pempinelli equation including the block kink wave solution, block soliton solution, periodic block solution, and new composite solution are obtained. Upon selection of the appropriate parameters, three-dimensional and contour diagrams of the exact solution were generated to illustrate their properties.
Cell Cycle‐Related Gene SPC24: A Novel Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker for Laryngeal Squamous Cell Cancer
Authors: Chen Jialei , Luo Jing , He Jing , Jiang Xianyao , Jiang Ning , Yang Changhong , Zhong Shixun
Published: January 2023

Laryngeal squamous cell cancer (LSCC) is a common malignant tumor with a high degree of malignancy, and its etiology remains unclear. Therefore, screening potential biomarkers is necessary to facilitate the treatment and diagnosis of LSCC. Robust rank aggregation (RRA) analysis was used to integrate two gene expression datasets of LSCC patients from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between LSCC and nonneoplastic tissues. A gene coexpression network was constructed using weighted gene correlation network analysis (WGCNA) to explore potential associations between the module genes and clinical features of LSCC. Combining differential gene expression analysis and survival analysis, we screened potential hub genes, including CDK1, SPC24, HOXB7, and SELENBP1. Subsequently, western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to test the protein levels in clinical specimens to verify our findings. Finally, four candidate diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers (CDK1, SPC24, HOXB7, and SELENBP1) were identified. We propose, for the first time, that SPC24 is a gene that may associate with LSCC malignancy and is a novel therapeutic target. These findings may provide important mechanistic insight of LSCC.
Loss of Lactate/Proton Monocarboxylate Transporter 4 Induces Ferroptosis via the AMPK/ACC Pathway and Inhibition of Autophagy on Human Bladder Cancer 5637 Cell Line
Authors: Dong Siqi , Zheng Lei , Jiang Tao
Published: January 2023

Background. Ferroptosis and autophagy have an important role in the occurrence and development of cancer, and lactate in cells and microenvironment is one of the influencing factors of ferroptosis and autophagy. The lactate/proton monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4), which is expressed in the cell membrane, regulates the transport of intracellular lactic acid and lactate. The knockout of MCT4 can affect intracellular and extracellular lactic acid levels, thereby affecting the growth, proliferation, and metastasis of tumor cells via regulation of the oxidative stress in cells. However, whether MCT4 affects ferroptosis and autophagy in bladder cancer cells remains unclear. Methods. Colony formation assay and bladder cancer xenograft animal model were used to assess the effect of MCT4 on the growth in 5637 cells. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay, lipid ROS assay, lipid peroxidation assay (MDA), and transmission electron microscopy were performed to assess the level of lipid peroxidation in 5637 cells. RNA-sequence, RT-PCR, and Western Blot were used to analyze the mechanism of MCT4 of ferroptosis and autophagy. AdPlus-mCherry-GFP-LC3B reporter system was used to detect the effect of MCT4 on autophagy in 5637 cells, and the effect of knockdown of MCT4 on apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry. Results. The mRNA level of MCT4 was significantly upregulated in patients with bladder cancer, which was associated with a poor prognosis. In vivo and in vitro studies demonstrated that knockdown of MCT4 could inhibit the proliferation of bladder cancer cells. Furthermore, knockdown of MCT4 led to the significant increase of ROS and MDA levels in 5637 cells and ferroptosis in 5637 cells induced by ferroptosis inducers including RSL3 (APExBIO) and erastin (APExBIO) via inhibition of AMPK-related proteins. Moreover, knockdown of MCT4 inhibited autophagy in 5637 cells, while siMCT4 promoted inhibition of autophagy by CQ (an autophagy inhibitor), which increased the level of apoptosis. Conclusion. This study confirmed that knockdown of MCT4 could affect oxidative stress and induce ferroptosis and inhibition of autophagy, thus suggesting that MCT4 may be a potential target for the treatment of bladder cancer.
Stability and Survivability of Alginate Gum-Coated Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in Simulated Gastrointestinal Conditions and Probiotic Juice Development
Authors: Ali Umair , Saeed Muhammad , Ahmad Zulfiqar , Shah Faiz-ul-Hassan , Rehman Muhammad Adil , Mehmood Tahir , Waseem Muhammad , Hafeez Hammad , Azam Muhammad , Rahman Afzal
Published: January 2023

Survivability of probiotics is severely affected by harsh gastrointestinal conditions. In the present study, microbeads of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG were formulated using alginate (1.5% w/v) and combination of alginate (1.5% w/v) with xanthan gum (0.5% w/v) through an emulsion technique to improve bacterial viability in low pH orange juice and in gastrointestinal conditions. The microbeads were tested for encapsulation efficiency, survivability in bile salt, SGF (simulated gastric juice), SIF (simulated intestinal fluid), and storage stability. Probiotic orange juice was formulated and tested for physicochemical parameters (pH, titratable acidity, and total sugars) and sensorial properties during storage. Gum-coated alginate microbeads (T3) showed higher encapsulation efficiency, i.e., 95.2% compared to alginate microbeads (T2), i.e., 86.85%. Similarly, T3 showed the highest resistance against bile salt (8.50 log CFU/g), SGF (7.95 log CFU/g), and SIF (8.0 log CFU/g) during 80 min exposure compared to T2 and free cells. The viability of gum-coated alginate beads (T3) remained above 107 CFU/g in gastrointestinal conditions and at the end of 21 days storage (8.3 log CFU/mL). All physicochemical parameters of probiotic juice were significantly (

p
≤
0.05

) decreased with respect to storage except acidity. In addition, minimal changes in physicochemical parameters were observed in T3 compared to other treatments. Treatment had no significant impact on the sensory characteristics of juice, but storage had a significant effect (

p
≤
0.05

) on the sensory characteristics of juice. The alginate gum microbeads improve the survivability of probiotics for targeted delivery. Hence, encapsulated probiotics can be used for functional beverage development to take advantage of their therapeutic benefits.
Bibliometric Analysis and Visualization of Research Progress in the Diabetic Nephropathy Field from 2001 to 2021
Authors: Shao Ying , Shi Xiaoguang
Published: January 2023

Background/Aims. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) remained the leading driver of global end-stage renal disease (ESRD) incidence, and tens of thousands of studies to date have analyzed DN-related topics. However, no bibliometric analysis of DN-associated studies indexed in the PubMed database from 2001 to 2021 has been conducted to date. The present bibliometric study was thus developed to visualize and offer insight into the knowledge framework, research hotspots, and dynamic changes in the DN field over the course from 2001 to 2021. Methods. The PubMed database was searched to identify all studies related to DN that were published from 2001 to 2021, with these studies being separated into four time-based groups. The characteristics of these studies were analyzed and extracted using BICOMB. Biclustering analyses for each of these groups were then performed using gCLUTO, with these results then being analyzed and GraphPad Prism 5 being used to construct strategy diagrams. The social network analyses (SNAs) for each group of studies were conducted using NetDraw and UCINET. Results. In total, 18,889 DN-associated studies published from 2001 to 2021 and included in the PubMed database were incorporated into the present bibliometric analysis. Biclustering analysis and strategy diagrams revealed that active areas of research interest in the DN field include studies of the drug-based treatment, diagnosis, etiology, pathology, physiopathology, and epidemiology of DN. The specific research topics associated with these individual areas, however, have evolved over time in a dynamic manner. Strategy diagrams and SNA results revealed podocyte metabolism as an emerging research hotspot in the DN research field from 2010 to 2015, while DN-related microRNAs, signal transduction, and mesangial cell metabolism have emerged as more recent research hotspots in the interval from 2016 to 2021. Conclusion. Through analyses of PubMed-indexed studies pertaining to DN published since 2001, the results of this bibliometric analysis offer a knowledge framework and insight into active and historical research hotspots in the DN research space, enabling investigators to readily understand the dynamic evolution of this field over the past two decades. Importantly, these analyses also enable the prediction of future DN-related research hotspots, thereby potentially guiding more focused and impactful research efforts.
Aflatoxin Susceptible Food Consumption Frequency, Prevalence, and Levels in Household Foodstuffs in Southwestern Uganda
Authors: Murokore Biryomumaisho Justus , Masawi Agnes Nandutu , Wacoo Alex Paul , Wangalwa Raphael , Ajayi Clement Olusoji , California Peter Vuzi
Published: January 2023

Contamination of household foodstuffs by aflatoxins has been associated with many illnesses, especially hepatocellular cancer and malnutrition. Aflatoxins are toxins produced by fungi, especially Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, usually found in food. Literature concerning the S.W. Ugandan foods that are the main aflatoxicosis route and therefore need most aflatoxin preventive measure is scanty. The current study determined the aflatoxin-susceptible food consumption frequency, prevalence, and levels of aflatoxins in selected foodstuffs in households in S.W. Uganda to establish the main food route of aflatoxicosis. Following a food frequency questionnaire, flour samples of common foodstuffs, namely, groundnuts, maize, millet, and sorghum, were randomly picked from seven districts of Southwest Uganda and analyzed for the presence and levels of aflatoxins using competitive ELISA. On average, maize and groundnut were found to be the most frequently consumed foods (seven times a week) by every family. Groundnuts had the highest mean aflatoxin level (96.5 ± 13.37 μg/kg), ranging from 6.2 to 297.3 μg/kg. Over 90% of the groundnut samples had mean aflatoxin levels greater than 10 μg/kg, the East African regulatory limit. Maize flour had a mean aflatoxin level of 34.1 ± 14.1 μg/kg, with one sample registering 336.5 μg/kg. This study found that groundnuts were the main food-route for aflatoxicosis followed by maize flour. In addition, the study re-affirmed the high prevalence and levels of aflatoxins in common food stuff in households in S.W. Uganda reported by previous studies. This study recommends further studies to elucidate its association with the observed recent increase in diseases like hepatocellular cancer and malnutrition in the region.
A Systematic Review on the Mechanical, Tribological, and Corrosion Properties of Al 7075 Metal Matrix Composites Fabricated through Stir Casting Process
Authors: Sambathkumar M. , Gukendran R. , Mohanraj T. , Karupannasamy D. K. , Natarajan N. , Christopher David Santosh
Published: January 2023

Aluminium alloy components are used in lightweight engineering applications and lack mechanical properties, wear resistance, and corrosion resistance. When hard reinforcement particulates are dispersed in the aluminium matrix alloy, aluminium matrix composites (AMCs) are formed. This new material exhibits enhanced properties such as better specific stiffness, specific strength, corrosion resistance, elastic modulus, wear resistance, and lightweight. AMCs have many favorable properties compared to their alloy and extensive applications. Especially, in the space industry, where weight reduction and an increase in modulus are prevalent, the strength-to-weight ratio is more important. This study focuses on the tribological, mechanical, and corrosion properties of Al 7075 metal matrix composites (MMCs) reinforced with one or more particulates such as aluminium oxide (Al2O3), boron carbide (B4C), titanium carbide (TiC), silicon carbide (SiC), titanium dioxide (TiO2), and titanium diboride (TiB2). In AMCs, the reinforcements are incorporated by either the solid or liquid metallurgy route. The study addresses the findings and shortcomings in the preparation of MMCs with reinforcements and their improvement in corrosion resistance, wear resistance, mechanical properties, and lower coefficient of thermal expansion than the Al 7075 base alloy. A comprehensive survey of reinforcement particulates in MMCs and their influences are outlined from the literature, encompassing recent research trends to enhance the structural properties.
Comparing Transport Corridors Based on Total Economic Cost
Authors: Hoffman Alwyn J. , Mutendera Crynos , Venter Willem C.
Published: January 2023

This paper compares the performance of three competing corridors serving landlocked SADC countries (Beira, Dar es Salaam, and Durban) based on total economic cost from the perspective of transporters, retailers, and manufacturers. The motivation for the research is the paradox that, while Beira is closest to the hinterland served by these corridors, it attracts the least cargo. Historical research compares corridors in terms of both direct costs and time delays, but without translating time delays and variability in time delays into the economic costs experienced by corridor users. Unpredictable time delays reduce the competitiveness of cargo owners forming part of global just-in-time value chains. Our novel TEC model includes direct costs and the cost impact of delays and variability in delays and quantifies the relative contributions of ports, border posts, and road travel. The Port’s efficiency proved to be the biggest differentiator between these corridors, followed by border posts and road links. We found that while the Beira corridor has the lowest cost if only average travel time is considered, the Durban corridor proves to be the most competitive when variability in time delays is also considered, explaining why Durban enjoys the largest share of cargo transported to the landlocked hinterland.
Characteristics and Pattern of Calcified Nodule and/or Nodular Calcification Detected by Intravascular Ultrasound on the Device-Oriented Composite Endpoint (DoCE) in Patients with Heavily Calcified Lesions Who Underwent Rotational Atherectomy-Assisted Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
Authors: Pengchata Ploy , Pongakasira Rungtiwa , Wongsawangkit Namthip , Phichaphop Asa , Wongpraparut Nattawut
Published: January 2023

Objectives. This study aimed to determine characteristics and pattern of a calcified nodule (CN) and/or nodular calcification (NC) detected by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) on the device-oriented composite endpoint (DoCE) in patients with calcified lesions who underwent rotational atherectomy (RA)-assisted percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Background. The characteristics and pattern of a CN and/or NC on clinical outcome remain unknown. Methods. We retrospectively enrolled patients who underwent RA-assisted PCI at Siriraj Hospital during August 2016 to April 2020. Preprocedural IVUS imaging was mandatory. CN/NC was defined as convex shape of luminal surface and luminal side of calcium with protrusion into the coronary artery lumen as assessed by IVUS. The primary outcome was cumulative of DoCE, defined as the composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, and clinically-driven target lesion revascularization. Results. Two hundred patients were included. Primary outcome occurred in 14%. The cumulative DoCE was significantly higher in the CN/NC group than that in the non-CN/NC group (20.7% vs. 8.8%, p = 0.022). CN/NC (p = 0.023) and MSA ≤ 5.5 mm2 (p = 0.047) were correlated with a significantly higher cumulative DoCE. CN/NC was the independent predictor for the cumulative DoCE (HR = 2.96, 95% CI 1.08–8.11, p = 0.035). Pattern and characteristic of CN/NC have a prognostic value. Patients with an eccentric CN/NC had a significantly higher cumulative DoCE compared to those CN/NC with concentric calcification (p = 0.014). Conclusion. The presence of a CN/NC in patients with heavily calcified lesions who underwent RA-assisted PCI was found to be associated with increased cumulative 5 year DoCE, especially in patients with an eccentric CN/NC. The clinical trial is registered with TCTR20210616001.
Stability Analysis to Select the Stable and High Yielding of Black Soybean (Glycine max (L) Merril) in Indonesia
Authors: Susanto Gatut Wahyu Anggoro , Maulana Haris , Putri Pratanti Haksiwi , Purwaningrahayu Runik Dyah , Wijaya Acep Atma , Sekti Binastya Anggara , Karuniawan Agung
Published: January 2023

Selecting high-yielding and stable genotypes is the main goal of black soybean breeding. Testing new lines in multiple environments is one of the development processes in black soybean breeding. The aims of the research were (i) to identify the effects of genotype, environment, and their interactions (GEIs) on the grain yield of soybean lines in Java Island; (ii) to select stable and high-yielding soybean lines; (iii) to determine the discriminative environments; and (iv) to determine the concept of stability measurements on black soybean grain yields. Field trials of 10 new F8 promising lines and three check varieties were conducted under eight different environments during four years (2016–2019). The measurement results showed that the grain yield was influenced by genotype (8.35%), environment (59.49%), and GEIs (32.16%). Grain yield stability measurements showed that the four newly identified lines had high yields and were stable in eight environments; they were A-5A-PSJ (S2), DB-96-CTY (S5), UP 161 (S6), and UP 162 (S7). The Ngawi (2017), followed by Bogor (2019) and Banyuwangi (2016), has the strongest interactive capabilities and is suitable for use as a trial environment. Grain yield (Y) was identified as having a positive and significant correlation (p<0.05) with S(3), S(6), NP(2), NP(3), NP(4), KR, and YSI stability measurements, which indicated that they were included in the concept of dynamic stability measurement. The selected genotypes can be proposed for the release of new high-yielding black soybean varieties in Indonesia.
Effect of Interrow Spacings on Growth, Yield, and Yield Components of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Varieties in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia
Authors: Bakure Shanko , Yoseph Tarekegn , Ejigu Demisie
Published: January 2023

The common bean is the crop used as food, feed, and to improve soil fertility. However, the production and productivity were affected by poor nutrition and fertilizer management, inappropriate interrow spacings, and the poor genetic makeup of the crops in Ethiopia. Hence, a study was conducted in two research stations at Arsi Negele and Melkasa Agricultural Research Center (MARC), during 2019 cropping season. The treatments consisted of three interrow spacings (30 cm, 40 cm, and 50 cm) and three common bean varieties (Dame, SER-119, and KAT-B9) combined in a factorial arrangement laid out in the field using (randomized complete block design) RCBD with three replications. Data on growth and yield parameters obtained were subjected to analysis of variance. Regarding the interaction effect, leaf area, number of seed pods−1, and grain yield were significantly influenced by the interrow spacings and common bean varieties at both locations. Plant height, number of pods plant−1, total dry biomass, leaf area index, hundred seed weight, and harvest index were significantly influenced by the interrow spacings and common bean varieties at Arsi Negele, whereas they were nonsignificant for MARC. In this study, the highest grain yields (2.23 and 2.17 tons/ha) were obtained from narrow interrow spacings (30 and 40 cm) combined with variety SER-119 at both locations. Hence, the highest net benefits (30848.7 and 29970.4 ETB) were obtained from SER-119 (30 cm × 10 cm, and 40 cm × 10 cm) at Arsi Negele and MARC, respectively. It was recommended that the narrow (30 cm) interrow spacing be used with variety SER-119 for common bean production in the study areas and similar agro-ecologies. On the other hand, the use of wider interrow spacings (40 cm or 50 cm) had a significant importance in improving hundred seed weight, seed quality, and disease incidences of common bean varieties at the given studied sites.
Analysis of the Influence of Groundwater Level Fluctuation on Karst Soil Cave Collapse
Authors: Chen Xuejun , Xue Mingming , Song Yu
Published: January 2023

Artificial water pumping and rainfall will induce groundwater level fluctuations, leading to large-scale karst collapse. Therefore, the combination of physical model test and FLAC3D numerical simulation is adopted to simulate the soil cave collapse caused by three different initial water level fluctuations in this paper. The influence of various initial water level heights on the variation of water-gas pressure, soil pressure of the overlying soil layer, and deformation in the existing soil cave during the fluctuation was analyzed. The relationship between initial water level height, deformation and collapse of the cave, and water-gas pressure was established, and the action law of water level fluctuations on the collapse of soil cave was introduced. The results show the following: (1) The change of water-gas pressure positively correlates with the initial water level height, directly affecting the overlying soil layer deformation. (2) The change of soil pressure of overlying soil positively correlates with the change of water-gas pressure under different initial water level fluctuations. (3) The deformation and collapse difficulty of the soil cave negatively correlates with the initial water level. The higher the initial water level, the stronger the negative pressure absorption and positive pressure gas explosion effect on the overburden on the soil cave and the collapse will occur with fewer water level fluctuations. (4) The numerical simulation results are consistent with the laboratory model test. These laws elucidate the change of water-gas pressure in different initial water level fluctuations and reveal the collapse mechanism of water level fluctuations. It will provide essential theoretical support for further research on the action law of hydrodynamic factors on karst collapse and a scientific and reasonable basis for urban groundwater pumping control, karst and roadbed collapse prevention and prediction.
Introduction of Near-Peer Mentorship Program in an Undergraduate Medical College in Pakistan: A Pilot Study
Authors: Ahmed Narmeen , Sarfaraz Shaur , Khursheed Iram , Khurshid Zohaib
Published: January 2023

Objective. Transitioning from college to university life is a whole new exciting experience for the students but it also often develops feelings of unfamiliarity within them. The literature states that near-peer mentoring is a new paradigm that can provide multiple opportunities for the professional growth of the mentees and mentors. This study aims to introduce a formal near-peer mentoring program at Ziauddin Medical College and identifies its effects on the participants of this program. Methods. A quasi-experimental study design was used for a duration of 5 months. In total, 73 students participated in the program, 21 from the 3rd year as near-peer mentors (NPMs) and 52 from the 1st year as mentees. All mentees were randomly distributed among the mentors, broadly in a ratio of 1 : 2. Data were collected using a peer-mentoring evaluation toolkit, having questions based on a Likert scale. Results. The results showed that after participating in this program, 69% of the mentees felt acclimatized into the university environment and 66% of the mentors also developed a sense of belonging. Ninety percent of the mentors agreed that their soft skills improved after mentoring their juniors. Overall, around 70% of the mentors and mentees agreed that participation in this program had positive effects on their learning. Conclusion. This study provides baseline information of NPM program intervention, which had a positive effect on both the participated mentors and mentees. Thus, the formal introduction of such programs will be beneficial for medical institutes to improve the student support process.
A Modified RBF Collocation Method for Solving the Convection-Diffusion Problems
Authors: Chuathong Nissaya
Published: January 2023

The main purposes of this study are to propose the modified radial basis function (RBF) collocation method using a hybrid radial basis function to solve the convection-diffusion problems numerically and to choose the optimal shape parameter of radial basis functions. The modified numerical scheme is tested on a benchmark problem with varying shape parameters. The root mean square error and maximum error are used to validate the accuracy and efficiency of the method. The proposed method can be a good alternative to the radial basis function collocation method to improve accuracy and results.
Analysis of Non-Linear on the House Convection Stream of Couple Stress Micro-Polar Nano-Fluids Past Vertical Cone with Non-Fourier’s Heat and Non-Fick’s Mass Fluxes
Authors: Zemedu Chaluma , Ibrahim Wubshet
Published: January 2023

The main goal of this study is to analyze the effects of different governing parameters such as buoyancy forces, and thermal relaxation time parameter in non-linear convection flow on the combined two fluids couple stress and micro-polar nano-fluid over a vertical cone with non-isothermal
surface with heat and mass transfer with non-Fourier’s heat and non-Fick’s Mass fluxes numerically. The mathematical modeling for the stream difficulty has been made with fitting similarity transformation by non-dimension variable. Major non-linear boundary value difficulties were
hooked on combined high regulates non-linear ordinary differential equations. The significance of constraints on velocities, thermal and solutal profiles are evaluated and revealed through the graphs and tables. The convergence test has been maintained; on behalf of spots number larger than
apposite web, the meticulousness isn’t influenced. The novelty of the study lies in the analysis on combined two fluids with different constitutive equations over a cone with non-isothermal surface which has little attentions. Findings indicate that enlarging the values of couple stress
parameter A permit boost to characteristic measure polarity of fluid that decline velocity profile k′(α), Nusselt, and Sherwood numbers (H′ (0), p′ (0)), but it upsurges angular velocity l (α), skin friction coefficient
and wall pair stress.
Chemically Driven Convective Instabilities in Binary Nanofluids with Thermodiffusions
Authors: Gaikwad Sravan Nayeka , Surwase Dnyaneshwar Madhavrao
Published: January 2023

An investigation of the onset of chemically driven convective instabilities in binary nanofluids has been carried out under the influence of thermodiffusion and nanoparticles. In order to investigate the convective instabilities, the Tiwari-Das nanofluid model is used and the thermal
Rayleigh number is derived using linear stability analysis. The effect of nondimensional parameters involved in the study is illustrated graphically. It is found that volume fraction of nanoparticles, Soret effects of nanoparticles and solute destabilize the system and Lewis number stabilizes
the system. The heat of chemical reaction parameter performs a dual consequence on the stability. It has stabilizing effect for its negative values and destabilizing effect for its non-negative values. The strength of chemical reaction is also discussed. It is reported that the chemical reaction
is fast when the system is heated from below and it is slow when the system is heated from above. Water-ethylene glycol based silver and cupric oxide pseudoplastic non-Newtonian binary nanofluids are considered and the impact of nanoparticles is analyzed through addition factors. The binary
nanofluids convection driven by chemical reaction has a great importance in absorption based industrial applications such as refrigeration, air conditioning, automobiles, biomedical engineering, solar collectors and falling film.
High Dielectric Constant Liquid Dielectrics Based on Magnetic Nanofluids
Authors: Biju Anjitha , Joseph Maria , Archana V. N. , Joseph Navya , Anantharaman M. R.
Published: January 2023

Magnetic nanofluids are increasingly finding new applications. They can be employed as liquid dielectrics. The advantage of having a liquid dielectric is that high dielectric constant can be achieved by a judicious choice of the base liquid. The dielectric constant can be tuned with
the help of an external magnetic field too. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles were dispersed in polar carriers, namely water, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, and a nonpolar carrier like kerosene to obtain stable magnetic fluids after ensuring the crystallographic phase purity
along with appropriate magnetic characteristics of the dispersant. The fluids were then subjected to dielectric studies using an automated homemade dielectric setup. The dielectric permittivity and dielectric loss at different frequencies with and without an external magnetic field were evaluated.
The studies indicate that magnetic nanofluids based on polar carriers are excellent liquid dielectrics over a wide range of frequencies with the incorporation of iron oxide nanoparticles. The application of an external magnetic field enhances the dielectric constant considerably. These magnetic
nanofluids can be employed as liquid dielectrics for applications. It has been found that kerosene based magneto fluids have a low dielectric constant while Polyvinyl alcohol based fluids exhibit the highest dielectric constant.
A Numerical Analysis on MHD Mixed Convective Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Inside Enclosure with Heat Sources
Authors: Mahalakshmi T.
Published: January 2023

The MHD mixed convection inside a lid driven enclosure having heat sources filled with hybrid nanofluid is investigated numerically. This study aims to analyze the impact of Richardson number (0.01 ≤ Ri ≤ 100), Hartmann number (0 ≤ Ha ≤ 100) and different
combination of hybrid nanoparticles (Ag–MgO, Ag–TiO2 and Ag–CuO) on fluid flow and heat transfer inside the enclosure. The finite volume method was used to solve the governing equations. The values of Ri, Ha, Re were found to have a great influence
on thermal transport of hybrid nanofluids concerned in this investigation. Furthermore, at Ri = 100, the heat transfer rate is maximum for all values of Hartmann number. Increasing values of Richardson number strongly enhances the heat transfer rate whereas Hartmann number
attenuates the aggrandization of heat transfer. It has been concluded that the rate of heat transfer of Ag–CuO/water hybrid nanofluid is higher than Ag–TiO2/water and Ag–MgO/water.
Characterization Nanoparticles via Newtonian Heating for Fractionalized Hybrid Nanofluid in a Channel Flow
Authors: Amir Muhammad , Ali Qasim , Abro Kashif Ali , Raza Ali
Published: January 2023

The characterization or measurement of the physical and chemical properties of nanoparticles usually lies in the field of nanometrology based on the different characterization techniques. In order to boost the rate of heat transmission, in this regard, an unsteady and convection flow
of a fractionalized hybrid nanofluid in a vertical microchannel consisting of two parallel plates apart is studied through Newtonian heating. The governing equations are fractionalized based on the Caputo–Fabrizio derivative of the non-singular and as an exponential kernel. The fractionalized
governing equations are solved by utilizing the Laplace approach. For the Laplace inversions, the Zakian algorithm is utilized to acquire the semi-analytical solution. The obtained solutions are also compared with Stehfest and Tzou numerical algorithms to check the validity. For understanding
the physics of the under-considered problem, Mathcad software is used for numerical results and graphical representations. The impacts of different physical parameters are deliberated and exhibited in figures. The Prandtl number Pr always shows a decreasing trend for the temperature
and velocity profile. Velocity decreases by growing φ due to increasing the viscosity of nanofluid with φ. The thermal conductivity is improved by increasing φ, so that temperature distribution is increased. This study has numerous applications in thermal
engineering.
Impact of Non-Similar Modeling for Thermal Transport Analysis of Mixed Convective Flows of Nanofluids Over Vertically Permeable Surface
Authors: Hussain Muzamil , Khan Wafa , Farooq Umer , Razzaq Raheela
Published: January 2023

In the current article, non-similar model is developed for mixed convective boundary layer flow over a permeable vertical surface immersed in nanofluid. The flow is initiated due to the plate stretching in vertical direction and by natural means such as buoyancy. The governing dimensional
equations are converted to non-dimensional equations through characteristic dimensions. Furthermore the non-similar modeling is done by choosing ξ (X) as non-similarity variable and η(X, Y) as pseudo-similarity variable. The non-similar partial differential
system (PDS) is then solved by using local non-similarity method via bvp4c. The heat and mass transfer analysis are carried out by studying local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers in tabular form for some important parameters involved in the non-similar flow. The concentration, velocity and temperature
profiles are graphically represented for various dimensionless number such as Prandtl number (Pr), Brownian motion (Nb), Lewis number Le and thermophoresis (Nt). Reversed flow is observed for the velocity profile as non-similar variable is
varied. Enhancement in thermal profile is witnessed for Nb, Nt and reduction in temperature is observed for Pr. Concentration is reduced for different values of Pr, Le, Nb. Finally this article intends to develop an
intuitive understanding of non-similar models by emphasizing the physical arguments. The authors developed the nonsimilar transformations and tackled the dimensionless non-similar structure by employing the local non-similarity technique. To the best of authors’ observations, no such
study is yet published in literature. This study may be valuable for the researchers investigating towards industrial nanofluid applications, notably in geophysical and geothermal systems, heat exchangers, solar water heaters, biomedicine, and many other fields.