bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 and housing: consequences for and emerging needs of households
Authors: Verdouw Julia , Yanotti Maria Belen , De Vries Jacqueline , Flanagan Kathleen , Haman Omar Ben
Published: September 2020

This research examines the consequences of COVID-19 for households in regional Australia, and considers that post-pandemic recovery models designed for large cities may not work in regional areas or less-urbanised states.
Evaluation of vascular endothelial growth factor A and leukemia inhibitory factor expressions at the time of implantation in diabetic rats following treatment with Metformin and Pioglitazone
Authors: Zarei Ronak , Aboutorabi Roshanak , Rashidi Bahman , Eskandari Nahid , Nikpour Parvaneh
Published: September 2020

Background: Implantation requires intimate crosstalk between the embryo and uterus for a successful establishment of pregnancy. Type 2 diabetes mellitus may lead to implantation failure. The effect of diabetes and its therapeutic drugs on implantation is still largely unclear.
Objective: To assess the endometrial expression changes of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), at the time of implantation in diabetic rats following treatment with Metformin and Pioglitazone.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight 6-8-wk-old Wistar female rats weighing 200- 250 gr were divided into four groups (n = 7/each). Type 2 diabetes was induced and Metformin and Pioglitazone were applied for 4 wk. The expression of VEGFA and LIF was measured by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.
Results: The relative expression of VEGFA transcript was higher in the diabetic (p = 0.02) and Metformin-treated (p = 0.04) rats compared to the control group. Furthermore, the VEGFA transcript level significantly reduced in Pioglitazone-treated diabetic rats (p = 0.03). LIF expression was elevated in the Metformin- and the Pioglitazone-treated rats and reduced in the diabetic group in comparison with the control group. Compared to the diabetic rats, the expression of LIF was significantly elevated in the Metformin- (p = 0.01) and Pioglitazone-treated (p = 0.03) groups.
Conclusion: The expressions of LIF and VEGFA were altered in diabetic rats during implantation which may be associated with diabetic-related infertility. Pioglitazone is able to restore the VEGFA and LIF expressions to their baseline levels more efficiently than Metformin.
Key words: Embryo implantation, Leukemia inhibitory factor, Vascular endothelial growth factor A, Metformin, Pioglitazone, Rats.
Improvement in the epigenetic modification and development competence in PCOS mice oocytes by hydro-alcoholic extract of Nigella sativa during in-vitro maturation: An experimental study
Authors: Eini Fatemeh , Joharchi Khojasteh , Azizi Kutenaei Maryam , Mousavi Pegah
Published: September 2020

Background: Nigella Sativa (NS) and its active component, thymoquinone, have beneficial protective effects on experimental animal models of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and different human diseases.
Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of NS hydro-alcoholic extract (NSE) on the oocyte quality of PCOS mice during in vitro maturation.
Materials and Methods: For induction of PCOS, 40 prepubertal 21-days old female B6D2F1 mice (18-22 g body weight) received subcutaneous dehydroepiandrosterone daily. After validation of the model, germinal vesicle-stage oocytes of superovulated mice were collected and placed in the culture medium containing different concentrations (0, 1, 50, and 100 μg/ml) of NSE. For the measurement of developmental competency, some mature oocytes were fertilized with epididymal spermatozoa. Other mature oocytes were assessed for oxidative stress. Also, some mRNA expression levels involved in oocyte maturation and epigenetic modification were evaluated.
Results: The 50 μg/ml NSE treated group showed significantly higher r ates o f maturation, f ertilization, and blastocyst formation in comparison with both control and PCOS groups. A high level of glutathione concentration and glutathione peroxidase mRNA expression, besides a low level of reactive oxygen species content all, were observed in oocytes treated with 50 μg/ml NSE, indicating the modification of oxidative statue. Furthermore, the oocytes in the 50 μg/ml-treated group showed an upregulation of mRNA expression in epigenetic-related genes (Dnmt1 and Hdac1) and maternally derived genes (Mapk and Cdk1), correspondingly downregulation of cyclooxygenase2 mRNA expression, in comparison to other groups.
Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that 50 μg/ml NSE improves oocyte maturation, oxidative statues and epigenetic modifications. These may be the all reasons for the developmental competency in the control and PCOS mice oocytes. Key words: Epigenetic modification, In-vitro maturation, Nigella sativa, Oxidative stress, Polycystic ovary syndrome. Key words: Epigenetic modification, In-vitro maturation, Nigella sativa, Oxidative stress, Polycystic ovary syndrome.
Key words: Epigenetic modification, In-vitro maturation, Nigella sativa, Oxidative stress, Polycystic ovary syndrome.
Role of the 820 A/G variant in the IGF-2 gene and recurrent spontaneous abortion in southern Iran: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Ardeshir Farzaneh , Keshavarz Leila , Asadian Fatemeh , Omidmokhtarkhanloo Gohar , Yavarian Majid
Published: September 2020

Background: Insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) is a polypeptide growth factor and one of the first genes expressed prior to the implantation of the embryo, with its highest expression in the placental cells. Its activity strongly depends on the genomic imprinting, and the result of the loss of genetic imprinting is the termination of the early stages of embryonic development, which can lead to recurrent spontaneous abortion.
Objective: This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the role of 820A/G variant of the IGF-2 gene and the probability to recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) in southern Iran.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 50 aborted fetuses tissue for the study group and blood samples umbilical-cord from newborns as control group (n = 50) were collected from Shiraz-Iran (2017). The genotyping of the target point in the IGF-2 gene was performed by Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction and analyzed through highresolution melting (HRM) curve.
Results: Based on the collected data (AA genotype = reference), allele “A” frequency in aborted fetus was 51% and control 68% as well as allele G 49% and 32%, respectively. Moreover, 27 aborted embryos (54%) were heterozygous (A/G) (OR = 3.274, 95% CI = 1.015-10.561, p = 0.04), while 18 cases (36%) in control sample showed heterozygosity. Considering the phenotypic status, the G allele had a dominant effect on the incidence of RSA (p = 0.008, OR = 3.167).
Conclusion: Based on the present study, the risk of abortion due to loss of heterozygosity or quantitative decline of the IGF-2 is about three-fold in the southern Iran.
Key words: Variant, IGF-2, Spontaneous abortion, Genomic imprinting, Gene expression.
Does resveratrol affect prepared sperm parameters and chromatin quality in normozoospermic and asthenozoospermic patients before and after freezing? A lab trial study
Authors: Mohammadzadeh Masoomeh , Ali khalili Mohammad , Ramezani Vahid , Hamishehkar Hamed , Dehghan Marvast Laleh , Mangoli Esmat , Rajabi Mahya , Akhavan Sales Zhima , Reza Talebi Ali
Published: September 2020

Background: Previous studies have examined the effect of resveratrol as a potent antioxidant for free radicals in semen. While, the prepared spermatozoa are more affected by ROS factors due to centrifugation and incubation.
Objective: To evaluate the RSV’s effects on the prepared sperm parameters and chromatin quality in both normozoospermic and asthenozoospermic cases before and after freezing.
Materials and Methods: The sample of 10 normozoospermic and asthenozoospermic men was prepared through the swim-up method. The groups were then divided into two samples of control and experimental (exposure to 30 μmol/l of RSV) to evaluate and compare the sperm parameters and chromatin quality before and after freezing.
Results: The motility and viability of spermatozoa were seen to be significantly different before and after freezing separately in the control and treatment samples of the groups (p ≤ 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). However, the stated difference between the control and treatment samples of normozoospermic and asthenozoospermic patients were not significant (p > 0.05). In addition, the sperm morphology and chromatin quality were not significantly different between the two samples of each group; nonetheless, chromatin quality of the treated sample was better than that of the control before and after freezing.
Conclusion: Despite the protective effects of RSV on the semen samples, RSV cannot affect significantly the prepared sperms parameters and chromatin quality in normozoospermic and asthenozoospermic patients.
Key words: Resveratrol, Chromatin, Motility, Spermatozoa, Freeze.
Zinc attenuates ecstasy-induced apoptosis through downregulation of caspase-3 in cultured TM3 cells: An experimental study
Authors: Lozeie Marziyeh , Bagheri Morteza , Abdi Rad Isa , Hossein-Zadeh Nadia , Nasir-Zadeh Mahdyieh
Published: September 2020

Background: 3, 4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is commonly known as the most famous amphetamine derivative.
Objective: To evaluate the influence of zinc on MDMA-induced apoptosis and caspase- 3 gene expression in Leydig cell line (TM3).
Materials and Methods: Leydig cells were studied in differenet treatment groups regarding MDMA (0, 0.5, 1, 3, 5 mM) and zinc (0, 4, 8, 16, 32 μM). By the way, the effective concentration was determined to be 5 mM for MDMA and 8 μM for zinc. Then, TM3 cells were cultured in free medium as control (group I), medium containing MDMA (5 mM) (group II), zinc (8 μM) (group III), and zinc (8 μM) prior to MDMA (5 mM) (group IV) as well as in an untreated group (control). Cell viability was assessed at different times after cell culture by MTT assay. The mRNA expression level of caspase-3 was analyzed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
Results: The cellular viability was significantly reduced in TM3 cells after 24 hr and 48 hr exposure time regarding different concentrations of MDMA as well as high concentration of zinc (16 and 32 μM). Cell viability was increased in the group that received zinc (8 μM) before addition of MDMA (5 mM) compared to the control and MDMA groups. The mean ± SE of fold was 22.40 ± 7.5, 0.06 ± 0.02, and 0.009 ± 0.003 in MDMA, zinc, and zinc + MDMA groups, respectively. The mean of caspase-3 mRNA level was significantly increased in the MDMA-treated group (5 mM), while the relative expression of caspase-3 gene was significantly decreased in the zinc (8 μM) + MDMA (5 mM) group compared with the MDMA (5 mM) group (p = 0.001).
Conclusion: Dietary intake of zinc has a protective effect against MDMA consumption in mouse.
Key words: Zinc, MDMA, Apoptosis, TM3 cells.
Infertility and physical activity: A cross-sectional study of women living in Yazd aged 20-49 yr, 2014-2015
Authors: Mirzaei Masoud , Namiranian Nasim , Bagheri-Fahraji Behnam , Gholami Somaye
Published: September 2020

Background: Changes in the state of energy balance owing to changes in physical activity (PA) may affect the reproductive system.
Objectives: the aim of this study was to assess the association between PA and infertility of women living in Yazd 2014 - 2015.
Materials and Methods: The study method was analytical cross-sectional on the Yazd Health Study (YaHS) data which was conducted on 10,000 people. We studied 2,611 women (20 and 49 yrs old), living in Greater Yazd area. PA information was collected using a physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ) short form. The standardized instruments were used for anthropometrics measurement.
Results: Totally 135 cases of infertility were documented. The overall prevalence of infertility was 4.73% (95% CI: 3.94-5.59%). The median of PA scores (METs) in women was 746.66 and 25-75% interquartile range was 361.25-1277.25. The relationship according to the Chi-square test between infertility and PA, as categorized variables, was significant (p = 0.015). It showed over 90% of those who suffered from infertility had a low or moderate PA.
Conclusion: The results of our study showed that there is a significant relationship between infertility and PA level in women living in Greater Yazd area. Also, women with infertility had lower activity levels, consistent with most previous studies.
Key words: Women, Infertility, Physical activity, Yazd, Iran.
Assessment of Environmental Literacy: A Case Study of Yazd Citizens’ Awareness, Attitudes, and Practices in 2017
Authors: Mihanpour Hamideh , Khashij Maryam , Shamsizadeh Zahra , Gholami Maryam , Ebrahimi Aliasghar , Rezaeipandari Hassan , Malekahmadi Roya , Arsham Ala , Parizan Fatemeh , Jafari Vahid
Published: September 2020

Introduction: With regard to the importance of the environment in sustainable development along with environmental literacy among citizens, the present study aimed to assess the levels of environmental literacy (i.e. awareness  , attitudes, and practices) among citizens residing in the city of Yazd, Iran, on the subject of environmental issues and challenges.
Materials and Methods: In this descriptive--analytical study, the sample size was determined by 410 individuals as citizens aged over 18 years living in the city of Yazd based on the Cochran formula. The data selection tool was also a researcher-made questionnaire comprised of items on demographic characteristics information as well as levels of awareness, attitudes, and practices concerning the environment such as air pollution, waste management, water resources scarcity, soil pollution, etc. in 2017. Face validity verified by 10 qualified individuals as the faculty members and Reliability was confirmed by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.93. The collected data was analyzed using the   SPSS 22 software through descriptive statistics along with Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Chi-Square test in addition to Spearman’s correlation coefficient (r). In this study, significance level was considered as 0.05.
Results: awareness score was statistically significant in terms of age, level of education, and employment status (p-value<0.05). However, attitudes were only in a significant relationship with employment status (p-value=0.004). The relationship between practice score was also statistically significant with regard to age, marital status, and area of residence (p-value<0.05). A significant relationship was further observed between age and level of income and level of awareness, but there was no significant relationship considering attitudes (p-value>0.05). Moreover, a positive correlation was found between awareness, attitude, and practice scores (0.323≥ r ≥0.28, p-value=0.000).
Conclusion: Although awareness among Yazd citizens on some environmental issues was at low levels, in general, their awareness specifically regarding health issues stemming from air pollution was proper. In view of the importance of environmental factors, it is necessary to conduct various research studies to identify and control these factors and to carry out further intervention studies to find right and proper solutions before their implementation.
COVID-19: Iran’s Actions to Deal with and Control the Pandemic and Practical Suggestions
Authors: Rahimi Zarchi Mohammad Kazem , Shafaghat Tahereh , Karimi Zarchi Fatemeh
Published: September 2020

This article is a Letter to Editor and does not include an Abstract.
Optimization and Modeling of Microcystin-LR Degradation by TiO2 Photocatalyst Using Response Surface Methodology
Authors: Jafari Negar , Ebrahimi Afshin , Ebrahimpour Karim , Abdolahnejad Ali
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) is a toxin with harmful effects on the liver, kidney, heart, and gastrointestinal tract. So, effective removal of MC-LR from water resources is of great importance. The aim of this study was to remove microcystin-LR (MC-LR) from aqueous solution by Titanium Dioxide (TiO2).
Materials and Methods: In the present study, TiO2, as a semiconductor, was used for photodegradation of MC-LR under ultraviolet light (UV). The Response Surface Methodology was applied to investigate the effects of operating variables such as pH (A), contact time (B), and catalyst dose (B) on the removal of MC-LR. The MC-LR concentration was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Results: The results showed that single variables such as A, B, and C had significant effects on MC-LR removal (pvalue < 0.05). In other words, increase of the contact time and catalyst dose had a positive effect on enhancing the removal efficiency of MC-LR, but the effect of pH was negative. The analysis of variance showed that BC, A2, and C2 variables had a significant effect on the MC-LR removal (pvalue < 0.05). Finally, the maximum removal efficiency of MC-LR was 95.1%, which occurred at pH = 5, contact time = 30 minutes, and catalyst dose = 1 g/l.
Conclusion: According to the findings, TiO2, as a photocatalyst, had an appropriate effect on degradation of the MC-LR.
Relationship between Physical Activity and Blood Lipid Profile in Residents of Yazd City (YaHS Study)
Authors: Mirzaei Masoud , Nekahi Farnaz
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Inadequate physical activity is one of the causes of fat disorders and regular physical activity is one of the important factors in correcting fat disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between physical activity levels and blood lipids as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease.
Methods: This analytical cross sectional study was conducted using the information of the registration phase of the Yazd People's Health Study on 9962 residents of Yazd in the age group of 20 to 70 years between 2014 and 2015. Study data were obtained using standard questionnaires and participants' blood samples. SPSS software, version 21, t-test, linear regression, and OR comparison of fat disorders were used in the physical activity intensity classes.
Results: In the study sample, 49.4% are men. No statistical significant physical activity level was found in the study of the ratio of chance of fat disorder. Moreover, no significant relationship was observed in the study of the linear relationship between the general level of physical activity and fat profile components (p> 0.05). It should be noted that a significant statistical relationship was observed between the level of TC or blood total cholesterol and blood triglycerides with sex, body mass index and family history and some age groups. (p <0.05).
Conclusion: In the analysis of the data of this study, no significant statistical relationship was found between blood lipid levels and physical activity.
Effect of 8 Weeks High Intensity Interval Training on the Gene Expression of BAX and BCL-2 in the Left Ventricle of Diabetic Male Wistar Rats
Authors: Safarnezhad Alireza , Peeri Maghsoud , Azarbayjani Mohammad Ali , Delfan Maryam
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Regular exercise training with alternating volume fluctuate blood glucous levels and by regulating signaling in gene expression reduces in myocardial cell apoptosis in diabetic patients. The purpose of this study was the effect of 8 weeks of high intensity interval training on the gene expression of BAX and BCL-2 in the left ventricle of diabetic rats.
Methods: The present study was a quasi-experimental one. 14 male diabetic rats were divided into 2 groups of 7; high intensity interval training (HIIT) and control (C) groups. Diabetes was induced in a pellet with a high-fat diet (30% fat and 25% fructose) for 16 weeks. Twenty-four hours after the last training and recovery session, the rats were sacrificed and their left ventricle was extracted. Glucose oxidase was used to measure glucose in plasma and insulin resistance using HOMA-IR method.. PCR-Real time was used to determine the expression of BAX and BCL-2 genes and the comparison of the groups by  Independent T test was performed by Graph pad prism at alpha level of 0/05.
Results: Results showed that, BAX gene expression was significantly decreased in the HIIT group  compared to the C group (P=0/0001). BCL-2 gene  was significantly increased in the HIIT group compare to the control group (P=0/0001). Insulin resistance index and plasma glucose showed a significant decrease in the training group (P=0/01) (P=0/021). Weight did not change significantly in any of the groups.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, 8 weeks high intensity interval training can be reduced apoptosis in the left ventricle of  Diabetic mice by decreasing the BAX gene expression and increacing the BCL-2 in myocardial and might improve diabetes cardiomyopathy.
Self-Esteem and Defense Mechanisms in Infertile Couples Based on the Cause of Infertility in Royan Infertility Treatment Center in 2017
Authors: Malekzadeh Farideh , Navid Behnaz , Mohammadi Maryam , Omni Samani Reza
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Infertility could decrease the self-esteem of the infertile couples. Using the defensive style is one way to deal with stressful events. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of self-esteem and defense mechanisms based on the cause of infertility.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 400 infertile couples referred to infertility center in Tehran, Iran. Participates classified in 4 groups for the cause of infertility: female, male, both and unknown. Data gathering tools in this study were demographic questionnaire, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and Defense Styles Questionnaire (DSQ). Data were analyzed (SPSS 18 software) using paired t-test for comparison between the groups according to the cause of infertility and using regression analyses tests.
Results: The results of this study showed that men in female infertility group has significantly higher self –esteem than other groups (P<0.049). In couples, husbands with female and male factor showed more self-esteem than their wives (P< 0.001, P<0.008, respectively). In defense mechanisms, there was no difference between women, men, and couples. In this study, self-esteem showed a negative relationship with immature and neurotic defense mechanisms and a positive relationship with mature defense mechanism.
Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that women had higher levels of vulnerability than their husbands did even when they were not the cause of infertility so they have a low self-esteem. Therefore, it is suggested that infertile women receive more psychological counseling than men, and in order to facilitate the treatment of infertile couples and provide better services to improve marital relationships and solve their problems, differences between men and women about psychological issues should be considered.
Assessment of Condition of Prescription of Panoramic Radiography According to the FDA Guidelines by General Dentists in Yazd in 2019
Authors: Esmaeili Masoud , Soltanzade Moein , Kaboodsaz Yazdi Motahareh
Published: September 2020

Introduction: Panoramic radiography is a valuable tool in the diagnosis of maxillofacial lesions, due to the visibility of all the teeth, alveolar bone and TMJ. This study was performed to evaluate the status of panoramic radiography in accordance with FDA rules in general dentists in Yazd in 2019.
Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 170 general dentists (86 women and 84 men) working in Yazd in 2019 were completed questionnaires, including two parts: the first part consisted of demographic information( age, gender, number of years of graduation, university of Education), and the second part was specific questions in three areas: survey (28 questions), case introduction (6 cases) and diagnostic value (6 questions) about panoramic radiography. The collecting data were entered into SPSS software version 18 and analyzed using t-test and linear regression.
Results: The mean score of the survey questions was 103/05±12/86, the mean score of case questions was 5/76±2/22 and the mean score of diagnostic value questions was 8/12±2/56, respectively. There was a significant difference between the mean score of diagnostic value questions in terms of participation in radiology retraining courses (p=0.016). There was a statistically significant relationship between the mean score of diagnostic value questions with the age of dentists (p=0.015) and the mean score of survey questions (p=0.029) and mean score of case questions (p=0.039) with the university of study.
Conclusion Panoramic radiography prescriptions in general dentists working in Yazd, in some cases, do not comply with the FDA guidelines for prescribing panoramic radiography, and further training in this field seems necessary.
PESANTREN DAN RELIGIOUS AUTHORITATIVE PARENTING: Studi Kasus Sistem Wali Asuh di Pondok Pesantren Nurul Jadid
Authors: Fawaid Achmad , Hasanah Uswatun
Published: September 2020

Hak kepengasuhan di pesantren berganti pada seorang wali asuh yang kemudian dituntut untuk memahami seluruh aspek  perkembangan dan mengontrol kegiatan santri agar berjalan secara efektif. Studi ini meneliti bagaimana sistem pola asuh yang diterapkan dalam lingkup wilayah Az-Zainiyah Pondok Pesantren Nurul Jadid. Adapun pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan beberapa poin penting dalam sistem pola asuh di pesantren. Pertama, wali asuh berperan penting sebagai pengganti orang tua selama berada di pesantren. Kedua, penerapan sistem pola asuh sebagai bentuk praksis pendidikan dalam pesantren. Ketiga, kinerja wali asuh memerlukan perhatian lebih dari semua pihak, baik dari santri yang berperan sebagai wali asuh, pesantren yang diharuskan memberi arahan dan bimbingan dalam hal kepengasuhan santri dan juga jajaran pengasuh yang mengontrol dan memberikan solusi bagi adanya program wali asuh. Implikasi dari studi ini adalah siapapun santri yang diberi tanggung jawab dalam hal pengasuhan, memerlukan strategi yang cukup baik untuk mewujudkan visi dan misi pesantren.Kata Kunci: Wali asuh; sistem; pesantren
Vigencia del continuo ideológico izquierda/derecha durante las elecciones presidenciales de 2011 en Lima - Perú
Authors: Rottenbacher Jan Marc
Published: September 2020

Este estudio analiza la relación entre la ideología política, el comportamiento electoral y las reacciones emocionales luego de las elecciones presidenciales de 2011 en una muestra de adultos de la ciudad de Lima. Se utilizaron escalas de intolerancia a la ambigüedad, necesidad de cierre cognitivo, autoritarismo de ala derecha (RWA) y orientación política de derecha. Un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales propone que la intolerancia a la ambigüedad y la necesidad de cierre cognitivo ejercen una influencia directa sobre el RWA, el mismo que influye positivamente sobre la orientación política de derecha, variable que finalmente influye sobre las reacciones emocionales luego de conocerse el triunfo del candidato Ollanta Humala. Se discute al final acerca de la vigencia contemporánea del continuo ideológico izquierda/derecha.
Percepción de anomia, confianza y bienestar: la mirada desde la psicología social
Authors: Muratori Marcela , Delfino Gisela I. , Zubieta Elena
Published: September 2020

La presente investigación busca conocer la percepción de frustración anómica, confianza institucional y bienestar social de los sujetos así como la relación entre estos indicadores. El estudio es descriptivo correlacional, de diseño no experimental transversal, con una muestra no probabilística intencional compuesta por 585 participantes (34.7% hombres y 65.3% mujeres. Edad: M = 28.50; SD = 11.02) de Buenos Aires y otras ciudades de Argentina. Los resultados arrojan una percepción positiva en el bienestar social con un déficit en la confianza en los otros, bajos niveles de confianza en las instituciones y niveles altos de frustración anómica. Se corrobora la validez convergente y surgen diferencias a partir de variables de agrupación.
La psicología educativa en la educación superior: la situación actual en Portugal
Authors: Bisinoto Cynthia , Marinho Claisy , Almeida Leandro Da Silva
Published: September 2020

Con el fin de afrontar los desafíos del aumento demográfico de la educación superior, las Instituciones de Educación Superior (IES) crearon los Servicios de Apoyo Psicológico buscando:(a) ayudar a la adaptación a la universidad, (b) mejorar el desarrollo de los estudiantes y (c) favorecer su integración en el mercado laboral. El presente estudio investigó la estructura de los Servicios de Apoyo Psicológico en las IES de Portugal, así como las principales actividades desarrolladas por los psicólogos escolares. A partir de las entrevistas realizadasen ocho servicios de apoyo psicológico, se observó que todos ellos están diseñados para los estudiantes. Si bien la actividad principal es la consulta psicológica para los estudiantes, los psicólogos educacionales desarrollan también una variedad de actividades de intervención, tales como: programas de desarrollo de competencias, apoyo a los estudiantes con necesidades especiales y programas de tutoría para dar la bienvenida a nuevos estudiantes. Asimismo, en la actualidad los servicios están trabajando con otros agentes y de manera preventiva. Se propone que las acciones dirigidas a los proyectos educativos y la evaluación institucional podrían promover un cambio cualitativo en los servicios.
Programas de tutoría y mentoría en universidades brasileñas: un estudio bibliométrico
Authors: Albanaes Patrícia , Marques de Sousa Soares Frederico , Patta Bardagi Marucia
Published: September 2020

Los procesos de tutoría y mentoría académicas se han descrito como herramientas relevantes para el desarrollo global y la integración académica del estudiante universitario. Este artículo realiza una revisión bibliométrica de los programas de tutoría y mentoría en universidades brasileñas, entre 1998 y 2013, con el fin de mapear las iniciativas existentes, su configuración, objetivos y principales resultados. Después de la revisión del Banco de Tesis de CAPES, SciELO, INDEXPSI y BVS-Psi, fueron encontradas 31 publicaciones sobre el tema. La mayoría de los trabajos se refieren a estudios cualitativos en el área de la salud desarrollados en el sureste y noreste del país en instituciones públicas. Los resultados indicaron una evaluación positiva de las experiencias de mentoría y tutoría, pero fueron señalados algunos aspectos a considerar en futuros proyectos con el fin de mejorar los resultados.
Construcción y validación de una escala de actitudes negativas hacia personas trans
Authors: Páez José , Hevia Guillermo , Pesci Florencia , Rabbia Hugo H.
Published: September 2020

Se construye y valida psicométricamente una escala de actitudes negativas hacia personas trans (EANT) como expresión del prejuicio hacia las mismas. Se reportan dos estudios secuenciales interdependientes por cuestionarios a partir de muestreos no probabilísticos. El estudio 1, con 203 participantes, en su mayoría estudiantes universitarios, aborda la construcción y análisis exploratorio de la EANT. El estudio 2, con 408 participantes según cuotas sociodemográficas establecidas por el censo nacional en la población general, estudia los análisis factoriales confirmatorios y la validación externa de la escala. Se obtuvo un instrumento unifactorial de 9 ítems, con una consistencia interna aceptable (α = .886) que sugiere una adecuada aplicabilidad en población general, así como relaciones esperables convariables típicas (ATLG, RWA, SDO y religiosidad).
El consenso estratégico como predictor de resultados de equipos de trabajo
Authors: Puente-Palacios Katia , Moreira Tatiana , Puente Tamara , Lira Naianne
Published: September 2020

El consenso estratégico en equipos de trabajo es un proceso grupal relativo a la comprensióncompartida entre los integrantes, sobre las estrategias definidas para alcanzar las metas de trabajo. El estudio realizado buscó verificar la capacidad de predicción del consenso estratégico en relación al desempeño. Los datos fueron recogidos de docentes y coordinadores de 70 planteles educativos ecuatorianos, a partir de los que se construyó el modelo de predicción. Las respuestas individuales fueron agregadas por plantel para obtener puntajes grupales. Los resultados mostraron que el consenso estratégico predice aproximadamente 6% de los resultados del desempeño del equipo evaluado por el coordinador. Concluimos que son necesarios más estudios para entender mejor el papel del consenso en equipos de trabajo.
Mujeres con cáncer de mama: apoyo social y autocuidado percibido
Authors: Schneider Hermel Júlia , Pizzinato Adolfo , Calderón Uribe Magaly
Published: September 2020

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender la percepción de las mujeres con diagnóstico de cáncer de mama, sobre el apoyo social y la relación de este con el autocuidado. Fueron seleccionadas cuatro participantes, dos con elevados niveles de apoyo social y dos con bajos niveles de apoyo social para hacer las entrevistas biográficas de carácter narrativo. Se crearon ejes que relacionan los principales contenidos de las entrevistas, como la historia de la enfermedad y el despertar del cuidado, autocuidado como empoderamiento y como una mirada de sí, cuidado y apoyo social. Se identifica que el diagnóstico del cáncer de mama ejerció un papel clave en el despertar de prácticas de autocuidado a pesar de los riesgos de salud y de las vivencias de apoyo fragilizado.
5PM and DoC - Formal Models for Game Design
Authors: Mora-Zamora Rodolfo , Brenes-Villalobos Esteban , Durán Francisco
Published: September 2020

A formal language for game design is an endeavor many academics and industry personalities have been tackling since the mid-nineties. One of the most renowned formal models for game design, the MDA Framework, includes steps to delimit and conceptualize the experience with a top-down approach. There is, however, a significant lack of high detail models for mechanic construction as well as difficulty balancing.

In this paper we propose two formal models for novice designers. The 5-Part-Model (5PM) for building and diagnosing game mechanics, and the Dimensions of Challenge (DoC) formal model for balancing and fine-tuning difficulty in games.
DIREITO FUNDAMENTAL À SAÚDE: UM RESGATE DA DIMENSÃO COLETIVA DO DIREITO ROMANO PARA ENTENDER E SUPERAR A SUA JUDICIALIZAÇÃO
Authors: Souza da Silva Marco Aurélio
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo trata da questão da saúde como bem coletivo, preconizado pela constituição e presente desde os tempos do direito romano. Para chegar na questão da judicialização do direito à saúde, passa pelo resgate da dimensão do coletivo, aborda questões orçamentárias e leva a refletir sobre a pós-modernidade atualmente vivenciada.
CONSTITUIÇÕES DOS PAÍSES: ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DOS OBJETIVOS E PRINCÍPIOS FUNDAMENTAIS DOS 194 PAÍSES DA SOCIEDADE INTERNACIONAL
Authors: Kindermann Milene Pacheco , De Almeida Rayane Baldez
Published: September 2020

O estudo trata de comparar textos constitucionais de 194 países quanto aos objetivos de Estado e princípios fundamentais que os organizam, buscando compará-los com os objetivos e princípios da sociedade internacional, permitindo identificar possíveis discrepâncias entre esses a partir da forma de organização dos Estados (unitário ou federação), dos formas de governo (monarquia ou república) e de sistema de governo (parlamentarismo ou presidencialismo). O estudo foi realizado pelos métodos indutivo e comparativo, sendo a pesquisa descritiva, quali-quantitativa, bibliográfica e documental. Concluiu-se que há a adesão (em maior ou menor grau) dos países, em suas constituições, aos objetivos e princípios da sociedade internacional. E que os principais objetivos da sociedade internacional, de manter a paz, promover o desenvolvimento econômico e social e o respeito aos direitos humanos, encontram-se refletidos nas Constituições dos países, independentemente de sua organização política interna.
O USO DE INTELIGÊNCIAS ARTIFICIAIS NO SISTEMA JUDICIAL BRASILEIRO: CENÁRIO DE DISPUTAS
Authors: Alves Pessoa Daniel
Published: September 2020

No presente artigo, busquei situar o uso de inteligências artificiais no sistema judicial brasileiro, a partir do enfoque da sociologia das profissões jurídicas, tal como desenvolvida por Maria da Glória Bonelli. Para tanto, fiz alguns levantamentos bibliográficos e documentais para tratar do tema e sugerir alguma(s) hipótese(s) a respeito, assumindo assim uma perspectiva exploratória e com certo tom descritivo nas pesquisas realizadas para apresentar as discussões e resultados. Depois de extrair algumas categorias da sociologia das profissões jurídicas, entendo que pude descrever a utilização das inteligências artificiais num cenário de disputas.
DA DISSOLUÇÃO PARCIAL DE SOCIEDADE NO CPC
Authors: Caldas de Araújo Fabio
Published: September 2020

O Código de Processo Civil passou a disciplinar o procedimento de dissolução parcial da sociedade cujo procedimento era inexistente perante o ordenamento anterior e que exige um traço distintivo com o procedimento da dissolução total com a perspectiva de atendimento ao princípio da preservação da empresa.
SUBSTITUIÇÃO DO DINHEIRO POR SEGURO GARANTIA JUDICIAL FRENTE A PANDEMIA COVID 19: UMA ANÁLISE ECONÔMICA DO DIREITO
Authors: Contini Bramante Ivani
Published: September 2020

O presente artigo trata da substituição da garantia judicial por seguro, em razão da pandemia de COVID-19, seus requisitos e efeitos. Diante do difícil quadro econômico mundial, pode a substituição ensejar uma melhora na saúde financeira das empresas de modo a permitir a continuidade de suas atividades.
Interpersonal Political Psychological Tension: the Phenomenon’s Special Nature and Features of its Sociological Measurement
Authors: Dembitskyi Serhii S. , Burova Olga I.
Published: September 2020

This article is dedicated to examining the phenomenon of interpersonal political and psychological tension, as well as its measurement in the context of individual hostility and interpersonal sensitivity. The concept of social or interpersonal stress, which is generic in relation to interpersonal political and psychological tension, is analyzed. The article identifies the fragmentation of the field of relevant research, as well as a lack of the standardized sociological tools necessary to study the phenomenon of interpersonal political and psychological tension. The results of three validation studies aimed at developing the sociological test “Interpersonal Political and Psychological Tension” are described. An assessment is made of such parameters of the tool as the distribution of its total values, factor and construct validity, intergroup differences. The first study was a nationwide survey conducted in September 2019 (N = 600). The second study was an online survey conducted in September 2019 (N = 475). The third study was a nationwide survey conducted in February 2020 (N = 2038). A test variant was identified which provides the best results when used in mass surveys. Two patterns of the test’s factorial structure are revealed, one of which is semantic, and the second being methodological in nature. Moreover, in both cases, high indices of factor validity were recorded. In the framework of construct validation, the test indicators appear to be loosely linked to the elements of the nomological network of political culture associated with attitudes. At the same time, a closer connection was observed to behavioral variables which describe individual aspects of everyday political activity. The following conclusions are made: 1) the test for measuring interpersonal political and psychological tension shows acceptable indices of factor and structural validity; 2) the study of the socio-psychological characteristics of political processes appears to be a promising area for further research using the test; 3) the specific composition of this test in the framework of public surveys is crucial for the reliability of its results when using personal interviews.
How Consumers Perceive the Market: Cynical Reason and Individual Resistance (Based on Interviews with Residents of Moscow)
Authors: Resheteeva Regina I.
Published: September 2020

This study seeks to investigate how consumers interpret their place in the market system and how consumers act on these perceptions. By drawing from 54 interviews with a diverse sample of Moscow residents, this article explicates three key categories — presumption of market players’ guilt, (ir)responsibility of the state and proactive consumer behavior. Interviews suggest that consumers infuse market with moral meaning and have a strong sense of appropriateness. Consumers have a generalized idea of market players born within the commonsense world of everyday life and it produces a relay of signification and interpretation. Consumers’ past problems or grievances may result in placing blame onto market players. A typical way to interact with market players was described in terms of confrontation or rivalry. Tensions between market players and consumers are expected to be resolved by an impartial party — state representatives, consumers’ expectations — to be protected by a government indicated victim-based consumer identity. Adopting the “cynical reason” concept established by P. Sloterdijk, the author offers a category called “consumer cynicism”, encompassing mundane suspicion and disappointment in the relationship between consumers and market players. Yet consumers’ vigilance and alertness paradoxically create a sense of security and self-affirmation. Moreover, consumer cynicism fuels proactive consumer behavior. Trying to fight back against market injustice, consumers’ choices are governed by the principle “do not overpay” for financially stable informants, as well as the principle “do not go broke” for those who struggle with money. Saving and coping are interpreted as a choice rather than a financial necessity. Proactive consumer behavior is conceptualized as a form of individual resistance. Tactical everyday resistances allow for protecting one’s interests while entailing a perception of possessing less power. The author discusses three understandings of saving and coping: survival, game and calculation.
Sociology and Philosophy: Inseparable and Non-Merged. The Birth of Marxist Sociology from the Spirit of Bolshevism. Part 1
Authors: Malinkin Alexander N.
Published: September 2020

This article discusses the problem of the relationship between sociology and philosophy in 1920’s Soviet Russia, the result of which was the birth of “Marxist sociology” and its approval in the 1930’s. In the first part of the article, the problem becomes more acute in the question of whether there was any sociology in the USSR during those years. It is argued that the answer to it cannot be unconditional and unequivocal, because much depends on what was considered to be “sociology” at the time. In this regard, the thesis about the existence of “empirical sociology” in the 1920’s is questioned. The article briefly highlights the original meaning of the concept of “sociology”, the history of its existence in the Russian Empire. It analyzes how the trends of “philosophical nihilism” in the early years of Soviet government were reflected in its interpretation. The task is set not only to describe the historically and socio-culturally conditioned changes in the meaning of the term “sociology” in the 1920’s, but also to determine the factors that influenced them from the perspective of sociology of knowledge. In this regard, the key yet negative role of Vladimir Lenin in the history of domestic social thought is considered.
Tutorial on EM Algorithm
Authors: Nguyen Loc
Published: September 2020

Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) is a popular method for parameter estimation in both applied probability and statistics but MLE cannot solve the problem of incomplete data or hidden data because it is impossible to maximize likelihood function from hidden data. Expectation maximum (EM) algorithm is a powerful mathematical tool for solving this problem if there is a relationship between hidden data and observed data. Such hinting relationship is specified by a mapping from hidden data to observed data or by a joint probability between hidden data and observed data. In other words, the relationship helps us know hidden data by surveying observed data. The essential ideology of EM is to maximize the expectation of likelihood function over observed data based on the hinting relationship instead of maximizing directly the likelihood function of hidden data. Pioneers in EM algorithm proved its convergence. As a result, EM algorithm produces parameter estimators as well as MLE does. This tutorial aims to provide explanations of EM algorithm in order to help researchers comprehend it. Moreover some improvements of EM algorithm are also proposed in the tutorial such as combination of EM and third-order convergence Newton-Raphson process, combination of EM and gradient descent method, and combination of EM and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm.
Automatic Classification Approach for Detecting COVID-19 using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Sarker Sajib , Tan Ling , Wen Jie Ma , Shan Shan Rong , Ali Md. Arfan , Bilal Muhammad , Qiu Zhongfeng , Kumar Mondal Sanjit , Tiwari Pravash
Published: September 2020

The COVID-19 pandemic situation has created even more difficulties in the quick identification and screening of the COVID-19 patients for the medical specialists. Therefore, a significant study is necessary for detecting COVID-19 cases using an automated diagnosis method, which can aid in controlling the spreading of the virus. In this paper, the study suggests a Deep Convolutional Neural Network-based multi-classification approach (COV-MCNet) using eight different pre-trained architectures such as VGG16, VGG19, ResNet50V2, DenseNet201, InceptionV3, MobileNet, InceptionResNetV2, Xception which are trained and tested on the X-ray images of COVID-19, Normal, Viral Pneumonia, and Bacterial Pneumonia. The results from 3-class (Normal vs. COVID-19 vs. Viral Pneumonia) showed that only the ResNet50V2 model provides the highest classification performance (accuracy: 95.83%, precision: 96.12%, recall: 96.11%, F1-score: 96.11%, specificity: 97.84%) compared to rest of the models. The results from 4-class (Normal vs. COVID-19 vs. Viral Pneumonia vs. Bacterial Pneumonia) demonstrated that the pre-trained model DenseNet201 provides the highest classification performance (accuracy: 92.54%, precision: 93.05%, recall: 92.81%, F1-score: 92.83%, specificity: 97.47%). Notably, the ResNet50V2 (3-class) and DenseNet201 (4-class) models in the proposed COV-MCNet framework showed higher accuracy compared to the rest six models. This indicates that the designed system can produce promising results to detect the COVID-19 cases on the availability of more data. The proposed multi-classification network (COV-MCNet) significantly speeds up the existing radiology-based method, which will be helpful to the medical community and clinical specialists for early diagnosis of the COVID-19 cases during this pandemic.