bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cost variation analysis of statins available in India
Authors: Gopalakrishna Ashika Arka , Bose Noah M. , Stanly Sharon M.
Published: October 2021

Background: The current study aimed to find out the percentage cost variation among the various brands of statins marketed in India. Statins are HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors which are widely prescribed as blood cholesterol lowering agents and hence reduce illness and mortality in those who are at high risk of cardiovascular disease. There are numerous brands of statins are marketed in India.Methods: Cost of a particular drug manufactured by different companies in the same strength and the dosage form was obtained from the price list provided by the pharmaceutical companies in current index of medical specialities (CIMS) (42nd year January to April 2021). The difference in the maximum and the minimum price of the same drug manufactured by different pharmaceutical companies, cost ratio and the percentage variation in price were analysed.Results: The percentage cost variation of statins was seen highest with tablet atorvastatin 20 mg (564.06%), followed by combination of capsule atorvastatin 10 mg+aspirin 75 mg (325%) which was followed by combination of film coated tablet atorvastatin 10 mg+fenofibrate 160 mg (267.4%), tablet rosuvastatin 20 mg (171.1%), tablet lovastatin 10 mg (108.9%), combination of tablet rosuvastatin 10 mg+fenofibrate 160 mg (87.34%) and lowest was seen with tablet simvastatin 20 mg (6.0%).Conclusions: There is a very wide cost variation among different brands of statins marketed in India. The percentage cost variation was found to be the highest among the moderate intensity statins.
The overview of the technological approach to the colour revolution studies in the Russian political science
Authors: Mamzelev Ilia A.
Published: October 2021

The article represents a review of the technological approach to the phenomenon of colour revolutions that is prevalent in the modern Russian political science. The research identifies and critically examines key points of the technological approach: absence of valuable social reasons for colour revolutions, coup d'etat as combination of political technologies, manipulative nature of non-violent protest, inspiration of revolutionary process by concealed actors, anti-Russia orientation of colour revolutions. In the author's opinion, the technological approach can be useful for studies of political technologies applied by participants of the revolutionary confrontation. At the same time, a number of statements made by representatives of the technological approach, such as possibility of colour revolutions without social factors or anti-Russia vector of colour revolutions, don't seem well-grounded. Election to the key political posts that determines further state development is a sufficient factor of colour revolutions, as it provokes politicization of the masses, competition of the regime and opposition, as well as wide media coverage of the political processes. The article also provides other approaches, such as common theory of revolution, theory of patronal presidentialism, studies of foreign influence. The author makes a conclusion of the necessity and efficiency of using analytical tools, proposed in various theories, both for educational and research purposes.
Spelling of complex nouns with components bio-, eco-, organic-
Authors: Melnikova Ekaterina M. , Tomina Anastasia S.
Published: October 2021

Статья посвящена рассмотрению проблемы орфографического оформления сложных существительных с компонентами био-, эко-, органик-. Отмечается, что слова с данными связанными корнями иноязычного происхождения, объединяемыми синонимичными семами ‘натуральность’, ‘безопасность’, ‘полезность’, получают в современной речи широкое распространение. Авторы рассматривают орфографическую норму в отношении слов с данными компонентами и отражение нормы в реальной письменной практике. Сложность и противоречивость орфографического правила правописания сложных слов ведёт к появлению вариантов их написания и несоответствию узуса норме. Корень био-, наиболее освоенный, зафиксированный в справочниках и орфографических словарях, требующих его слитного написания с последующей частью, в узусе представлен не только в слитном, но и в дефисном и раздельном оформлении. Такая же вариативность наблюдается и в отношении компонента эко-. В статье делается вывод о том, что данные элементы значительно расширяют свою сочетаемость с разными основами и в тексте получают особое смысловое выделение, в том числе с помощью дефисного и раздельного написания. Для компонента органик- не существует единого орфографического правила: иноязычное происхождение этого связанного компонента и основа на согласный не решают вопроса единого написания слов, которые считаются словарными. Отмечается, что раздельное оформление и постпозиция по отношению ко второму элементу сочетания придаёт данному компоненту статус приложения - неизменяемого прилагательного - в русле тенденции к аналитизму в грамматической системе современного русского языка.
DIVERSIFICAÇÃO DAS ESTRATÉGIAS NO ENSINO E APRENDIZAGEM DE CITOGENÉTICA
Authors: Aguilar-Aleixo Luciana
Published: October 2021

O trabalho de Mendel com hibridização de ervilhas publicado em 1866, é considerado o nascimento científico da Genética, campo da Biologia que estuda a hereditariedade, a variação e a forma como os organismos transmitem as características de uma geração para a outra. Este relato de experiência docente apresenta a diversificação de estratégias no processo de ensino e aprendizagem de Citogenética e seu potencial na formação dos estudantes. Além de aulas teóricas dialogadas, aulas práticas e seminários, foi empregada a metodologia ativa de aprendizagem baseada em projeto (ABProj). Nesta metodologia os alunos assumem o protagonismo do processo de ensino e aprendizagem, atuando colaborativamente na elaboração e execução da proposta. Antes dos eventos, intitulados “Citogenética no Campus” e “Citogenética na Praça”, a equipe confeccionou modelos, jogos didáticos e planejou a intervenção, visando a popularização da Citogenética, com ênfase na compactação do DNA, divisão celular e relação entre DNA, genes e cromossomos. No planejamento e realização dos eventos, os discentes traçaram estratégias inovadoras e eficientes, com criatividade e organização. Como resultado, percebeu-se que esta diversificação de estratégias foi efetiva na aprendizagem significativa de Citogenética pela turma, que teve a oportunidade de experimentar alguns dos desafios que irão enfrentar como profissionais de Ciências Biológicas.
Kişisel ve Kurumsal İtibar Bağlamında Tepe Yöneticisi (CEO) İtibarının Önemi Üzerine Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: EĞİLMEZ Özüm , ZEYTİNOĞLU Güneş N.
Published: October 2021

İtibar kavramı subjektif bir yapı olmasının beraberinde, algılama yoluyla birey ve firmalara atfettiğimiz değeri içeren ve karar verme mekanizmamızda gömülü olarak yer alan olgudur. Değer atfının öncülü olan tutumlar, davranışlar, inançlar, kültür gibi öğelerin de izlerini taşıyan itibar kavramı, çeşitli disiplinlerce inceleme konusu olmuştur. Liderler veya yöneticiler kişisel itibarlarını kurumları ile bağdaştırmış ya da bağdaştıramamış ve sonucunda paydaşları ile olan ilişkisel ağlarının yapılarını olumlu ya da olumsuz etkilemişlerdir. Bu yönden, kişi itibarının kurum itibarını etkileme durumu tüm değişkenleri ile araştırmalara konu olmaktadır. Faaliyetlerinde kurumsal itibarlarından hareket eden firmalar, kurumsal itibarın öncülleri ve sonuçlarının neler olduğunu ortaya çıkarmayı istemektedir. Kurumsal itibarı oluşturan öncülleri ve kurumsal itibarın yol açtığı birtakım sonuçların araştırılması ve ilgili değişkenlerin iyi yönetilmesi sonucunda firmaların rekabet avantajı sağlayacakları beklenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, tepe yöneticilerinin itibarının kurumsal itibarın bir öncülü olduğu varsayımından hareket ederek, ilgili kavramların ve teorik çerçevenin değerlendirilmesi gerekliliği tartışılmıştır. Bununla birlikte, tepe yöneticisinin itibarının kişisel ve örgüt düzeylerinde farklılaşabildiği; ancak kurumsal itibar çalışmalarında yöneticinin itibarının, kurumsal çerçeve bağlamında incelenmesi gerekliliği vurgulanmıştır.
Quantitative Interpretation of Water Sensitivity Based on Well Log Data: A Case of a Conglomerate Reservoir in the Karamay Oil Field
Authors: Jin Lingxuan , Liu Yuming , Gao Jian , Hao Ziqiang
Published: October 2021

In the process of oil reservoir development, clay minerals in the pores of a reservoir swell because of water absorption, blocking the pore channels, and decreasing the reservoir permeability. This phenomenon is referred to as reservoir water sensitivity. To develop and protect oil and gas fields more scientifically and effectively and save development cost, we examine the water sensitivity of the low-permeability conglomerate reservoir of the Lower Karamay Formation in the 530-well area of District 8 of the Karamay oil field. Based on multiple linear regression and neural network methods, the quantitative calculation of different types of clay minerals was performed by comprehensively using natural gamma ray, neutron, density, sonic transit time, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis data. The water sensitivity experiment was performed in the study area, and the logging interpretation method of reservoir water sensitivity was established by considering the clay mineral content as the medium; moreover, the reservoir water sensitivity degree was quantitatively explained.
A Probabilistic Approach to Seismic Diffraction Imaging
Authors: Decker Luke , Fomel Sergey
Published: October 2021

We propose and demonstrate a probabilistic method for imaging seismic diffractions based on path-integral imaging. Our approach uses oriented velocity continuation to produce a set of slope-decomposed diffraction images over a range of plausible migration velocities. Utilizing the assumption that each partial image in slope is independent enables us to construct an object resembling a probability field from the slope-decomposed images. That field may be used to create weights for each partial image in velocity corresponding to the likelihood of a correctly migrated diffraction occurring at a location within the seismic image for that migration velocity. Stacking these weighted partial images over velocity provides us with a path-integral seismic diffraction image created using probability weights. We illustrate the principles of the method on a simple toy model, show its robustness to noise on a synthetic, and apply it to a 2D field dataset from the Nankai Trough. We find that using the proposed approach creates diffraction images that enhance diffraction signal while suppressing noise, migration artifacts, remnant reflections, and other portions of the wavefield not corresponding to seismic diffraction relative to previously developed diffraction imaging methods, while simultaneously outputting the most likely migration velocity. The method is intended to be used on data which has already had much of the reflection energy removed using a method like plane-wave destruction. Although it suppresses residual reflection energy successfully, this suppression is less effective in the presence of strong reflections typically encountered in complete field data. The approach outlined in this paper is complimentary to existing data domain methods for diffraction extraction, and the probabilistic diffraction images it generates can supplement existing reflection and diffraction imaging methods by highlighting features that have a high likelihood of being diffractions and accentuating the geologically interesting objects in the subsurface that cause those features.
The Development of Machine Learning Methods in Discriminating Secretory Proteins of Malaria Parasite
Authors: Liu Ting , Chen Jiamao , Zhang Qian , Hippe Kyle , Hunt Cassandra , Le Thu , Cao Renzhi , Tang Hua
Published: October 2021

Malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum is one of the major infectious diseases in the world. It is essential to exploit an effective method to predict secretory proteins of malaria parasites to develop effective cures and treatment. Biochemical assays can provide details for accurate identification of the secretory proteins, but these methods are expensive and time-consuming. In this paper, we summarized the machine learningbased identification algorithms and compared the construction strategies between different computational methods. Also, we discussed the use of machine learning to improve the ability of algorithms to identify proteins secreted by malaria parasites.
Computer Aided Drug Design Methodologies with Natural Products in the
Drug Research Against Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: de Sousa Natália Ferreira , Scotti Luciana , de Moura Érika Paiva , dos Santos Maia Mayara , Rodrigues Gabriela Cristina Soares , de Medeiros Herbert Igor Rodrigues , Lopes Simone Mendes , Scotti Marcus Tullius
Published: October 2021

:

Natural products are compounds isolated from plants that provide a variety of lead structures for the development of new drugs by the pharmaceutical industry. The interest in these substances increases because of their beneficial effects on human health. Alzheimer's disease (AD ) affects occur in about 80% of individuals aged 65 years. AD is the most common cause of dementia in elderly people, is characterized by progressive neurodegenerative alterations, as decrease of cholinergic impulse, increased toxic effects caused by reactive oxygen species and the inflammatory process that the amyloid plaque participates. In silico studies is relevant in the process of drug discovery; through technological advances in the areas of structural characterization of molecules, computational science and molecular biology have contributed to the planning of new drugs used against neurodegenerative diseases. Considering the social impairment caused by increased incidence of disease and that there is no chemotherapy treatment effective against the AD; several compounds are studied. In the researches for effective neuroprotectants as potential treatments for Alzheimer's disease, natural products that have been extensively studied in various AD models. This study aims to carry out a literature review with articles that address the In silico studies of natural products aimed at potential drugs against alzheimer's disease (AD) in the period from 2015 to 2021.
Breast Cancer Detection using Artificial Neural Networks
Authors: Sharif Md Haris Uddin
Published: October 2021

Abstract: Early detection of disease has emerged as a critical issue in recent years due to the fast population increase seen in medical research. The chance of dying from breast cancer increases dramatically as the world’s population continues to increase at an alarming rate. Compared to other cancers discovered thus far, breast cancer is the second most severe. In addition to assisting medical staff in disease diagnosis, an automated disease detection system also provides reliable, effective, and fast intervention, which reduces the likelihood of mortality. In this research study, the Artificial Neural Network is employed for breast cancer classification. The model is validated on well-known dataset comprised from UCI machine learning repository. The results reveal that the ANNs obtained the highest accuracy i.e. 98.24%. Keywords: Machine Learning, Neural Network, Algorithm, Artificial Intelligence.
Translation of the Batumi Linguocultural Digital Archive: The methodology of Glossing and Tagging Social, Political and Cultural Information in Translation of DRSP
Authors:   Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Georgia, Beridze Khatuna , Tandaschvili Manana ,   Frankfurt Goethe Unioversity, Germany, Giorgadze Marine ,   Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Georgia,   Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Georgia, Khalvashi Ramaz ,   Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University, Georgia
Published: October 2021

The Georgian dialects’ translation methodology (GDTM) for the digitized recorded speech patterns DRSP in the BalDAR was adopted for translation of the stratified language, which in this specific case is the Georgian dialect containing residues of Turkish, Persian, and Arabic, and Pontic Greek borrowings. However, GDTM can be extended as a general approach to the translation of other Georgian dialects into Standard English (SE) for the language documentation and archiving purposes. The justification for the Georgian Dialect Translation Methodology (GDTM) is that Batumi Linguocultural Digital Archive is a source of the cross-cultural validation of the Georgian and its dialects. The digitized, documented speech patterns contain many facts which are, at present, and will be in the future too, worth researching in various fields of study: Glossing and Tagging in translation can enhance the potential of the DigiArchive for the global research by the international scholars.
Interference Occurrences in the Speech of the Kodorian Gorge’s Svans
Authors:   Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia, Margiani-Subari Ketevan
Published: October 2021

The representatives of the Upper Bal and Lower Bal dialects who migrated in the Kodori (resp. Dali) Gorge to Upper Svaneti a century and a half ago, before the occupation of their territory they were mixed with each other according to the villages, that caused the resemblance of one dialect to another in their speech. Interference gained a form of adstrat that "arises due to the equal knowledge of two languages or dialects during their free mutual influence; It is a live process of interference of languages (dialects), and interference always appears in the direct contacts of languages (dialects)" (B. Jorbenadze). This phenomenon has been observed in the speech of the Kodori’s (resp. Dali’s) Upper Svan population in the 70s of the last century by M. Kaldani; Despite the issue, its investigation wasn’t proceeded in the last century by the kartvelologists. Only in the early 21st century it was renewed, when Iza Chantladze delivered a speech on the topic "Peculiarities of the Defective Verbs in the Kodori Gorge’s Svan” at the scientific session of the Arnold Chikobava Institute of Linguistics. This initiative was the basis for further thorough study of Svan speech of the Kodori Gorge’s population under the supervision of I. Chantladze at Arnold Chikobava Institute of Linguistics. The work was significantly complicated due to the well-known military actions: At certain times, the trip to the Kodori Gorge was associated with great risk. However, a group of scientists interested in the issue to some extent still managed it. As the result of this devotion (literally!) a large empirical material was obtained and 835-page publication "Kodorian Chronicles" was published, where the specifics and properties of the Kodorian speech are discussed. The logical question was raised: Whether Kodorian speech is dialect or not? Proceeding with the investigation to solve the problem failed at that stage, as this area became inaccessible not only for Georgian scientists but it has been completely emptied from Georgians and the local population has been dispersed throughout the regions of Georgia as refugees: Svaneti, Kvemo Kartli, Kakheti, Imereti…Research has become even more significant, since the non-compact life of the population speaking an analytical speech threatened changes in their speech code. In 2016, the Rustaveli Foundation funded the fundamental research project: "Place of Kodorian Speech in Svan Language System" (Principal investigator I. Chantladze), which opened the way for the long-term observation on the speech of Kodorian population dispersed throughout Georgia and for new results. Working on the project is not over yet, but preliminary observations demonstrate a noteworthy picture that includes phonetics, grammar and vocabulary. Since analytical topic is very extensive, I will bring only some of the most common and noteworthy interference occurrences in the work.
Modern Approaches to Spanish Language Teaching, Blended Learning
Authors:   Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia, Gvelesiani Ana , Khuskivadze Ketevan ,   Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
Published: October 2021

Every language is a living organismand cannot be taught through the application of only theoretical or practical tools. Therefore, the integration of modern approaches in foreign language instruction takes on a particular importance. Along with the development of online technologies, modern foreign language classes are gradually undergoing changes and modifications. Introduction of online learning is one of such significant changes. There are various forms of online learning, including blended (online) learning, which represents a synthesis of classroom and online education. The present work sets forth the priorities of blended learning, which distinguish the blended approach from other methods of foreign language instruction. The work also includes the results of the student survey conducted to find out whether the Spanish language students actively use online means, in addition to classroom learning and how they view the idea of putting the blended learning model in place.
SEMANTIC PECULIARITIES OF THE CONCEPT LANGUAGE POLICY IN A MULTILINGUAL ASPECT
Authors:   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Ukraine, Anisimova Alla , Dobrushyna Mariia ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Ukraine, Safonova Natalia ,   Oles Honchar Dnipro National University, Ukraine
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the issues where linguistic the concept of LANGUAGE POLICY is revealed on both regional and international levels. It covers the description of LANGUAGE POLICY and some aspects of its influence on the process of development Ukrainia society in a multilingual aspect. It is emphasized that LANGUAGE POLICY has become a widespread phenomenon in modern society. Learning a linguistic situation in a given society can be considered an important means of forming the ability to conduct intercultural dialogues. The correlation the features of the phenomenon LANGUAGE POLICY in different countries helps to outline their national specific features, which contribute to a deeper understanding of both the foreign and the native language and culture. Any linguistic system is open and fairly stable. As for the methods and learning tools, they can vary depending on the applicable learning concept. The article gives a detailed description of the development of the function and the peculiarities of the meaning of the concept LANGUAGE POLICY on the contemporary level of the sociolinguistic development of the society on the basis such countries as the USA, France, Germany, Poland, Ukraine. It uses the definition of the concept as a mental formation, which includes the knowledge and experience of a person
For the Relation of the Inversion and the Perfect Semantics in Georgian verbs
Authors:   Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia, Bagration-davitashvili Nino , Nikolaishvili Meri ,   Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University, Tbilisi, Georgia
Published: October 2021

In Georgian the verbal form comprises the names expressing the subjectiveobjective references of certain quantity, which shows the representing signs to express the category of the subjective and objective person. However, sometimes the subjective person is expressed by the sign of the objective person or vice versa, which is called inversion in Georgian language. There are many options about the reason of inversion. Bipersonal static verbs are considered as the oldest verbs as believed by many scientists. These are the verbs of feeling and owning, they are inverse, bipersonal and hold the dative construction. We think that inversion cannot be only explained with the static character. There are the verbs, which are not static but are inverse. We believe that it must be one and the same aspect in every case: perfect semantics. In Indo-European languages, the verbs of the perfect semantics have been converted from the class of the lexical words into the grammar perfect. When the Georgian language encountered the need to express the perfect forms respective to Indo-European languages and thus, the third series has been generated and it used the form as the model, belonging to the verbs of bipersonal non-transitional “perfect semantics” in present. This form has been supplemented by preverb, has become dynamic and gradually acquired various semantic nuances characterizing the perfect tense: resultativity, will, evidentiality, interrogative and negative, etc. In our opinion such verbs are not the continuation of the I and II series, they are the standalone link of the verb system, namely the perfect group characterized with the dative construction, which is inverse and always bipersonal.
VP Hypostasis Translation Problems
Authors:   Institute of Empirical Linguistics, Goethe University Frankfurt, Pourtskhvanidze Zakharia
Published: October 2021

The translation of idiomatic expressions represents a particular challenge in the context of machine translation. The meaning of these expressions goes beyond their word meaning and corresponds to the meta-language knowledge about the culture and/or current discourse of the language community. A subgroup of the VP hipostasis represent idiomatic content which is used in a certain pattern of use and can only be interpreted in connection with a corresponding discourse. This article discusses an example from English, which was used in the European Parliament and translated into five languages. The analysis shows different translation strategies and illustrates the relevance of the discourse. The method used is the corpus linguistic computation of corresponding discourse.
Covid19 Pandemics, Distance Teaching and development of Critical Thinking through Moodle Platform
Authors:   Caucasus University, Tbilisi, Georgia, Chanishvili Khatuna
Published: October 2021

Time, when mankind awoke at a time of covid19 pandemics expresses two dramatically different attitudes. People and their interests were divided into two parts; some of them were those, who could not stand isolation, with aggravation of their depressive background and the others – were able to adjust the reality to their interests and capabilities, they became modern and read the universe in a new way. They have discovered the new vision, they went deeper into implications and managed to adequately perceive the reality, they were able to adapt naturally. The education systems made attempts to launch the distance teaching and this turned out to be more or less creative, cognition oriented process. Georgian education system has dealt with this challenge by practical introduction of various programs and platforms. We would like to focus on the features and capacities of education platform Moodle as it can be a tool for development of critical thinking in distance teaching within the scopes of one specific course. This course is “Principles of Contemporary Thinking” and teaching of Georgian language to the foreign students.
MODERN PROGRAM PACKAGES (FLEX AND ELAN) OF THE LANGUAGE DATA MANAGEMENT AND THE PROSPECTS OF THEIR USAGE
Authors:   Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany, Tandaschwili Manana , Khalvashi Ramaz ,   Batumi State University, Georgia, Kakhiani Gregory ,   Batumi State University, Georgia, Khakhutaishvili Mzia ,   Batumi State University, Georgia, Tsetskhladze Nana ,   Batumi State University, Georgia, Papiashvili Rusudan ,   Georgian Technical University, Georgia
Published: October 2021

Documenting the languages and cultures and managing the data is firm basis of the future interdisciplinary researches. This gains even more importance for endangered and unexplored languages. The paper deals with the issues connected to the usage of Modern Program Packages (Flex and Elan) vividly and professionally for interdisciplinary researches, advantages and unique abilities of them. The work provides the information about the principles of Doculinguistics and about the modern standards of documentation. The issue of fitting Georgian, as an agglutinative Language to the international standards so that its nature is truly revealed, appears to be a challenging task. The cooperative scientific project “Linguocultural Digiarchive” was implemented by Batumi Shota Rustaveli State University and Frankfurt Goethe University. It was created using the modern framework standards of documentation and archiving in Elan and FLEx formats. FLEX is able to show the essential peculiarities of the language and to show the ways of fragmentation and the functions of morphemes: various existing wordforms, kind of gramma, semantic and pragmatic categories. FLEx as a modern package of managing the language data gives an unique opportunity to show the diversity of language materials and to synchronically and diachronically study a wide range of issues; to check the scientific hypothesis; to create new lexicons; to describe the paradigm of declension and conjugation; to create the grammar framework; to give automatic analysis of the data, to create a united standard.
An initial stage of preparation of study material (For the purpose of teaching Russian monologue speech)
Authors:   Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia, Lortkipanidze Irina
Published: October 2021

This article discusses the preparation of study materials in Russian as a second foreign language in Georgian schools for the purpose of teaching monologue through the inductive method. The development of speaking skills in Russian in Georgian schools is one of the most acute problems due to the fact that Georgian textbooks are traditionally built in grammatical order which hinders the development of speaking skills, and the new requirement of the state standard - to compose teaching and learning materials and textbooks according to the thematic principle becomes only formal. To solve this problem, we offer tips and principles for preparing training materials through consistent teaching of speaking topics. The requirement of the State Standard - to construct the textbook according to the thematic principle - is not easy to meet due to the flexional nature of the Russian language. Based on this problem, this article discusses the ways a) to develop a working scenario for a speaking monologue at class, b) to select new learning speaking items based on the qualitative and quantitative indicators of grammar and vocabulary items, and c) to compile samples of mini-monologues similar to which students are expected to be able to compose after practice.
Asymptotic Analysis of Boundary-Value Problems for the Laplace Operator with Frequently Alternating Type of Boundary Conditions
Authors: Borisov D. I.
Published: October 2021

This work, which can be considered as a small monograph, is devoted to the study of twoand three-dimensional boundary-value problems for eigenvalues of the Laplace operator with frequently alternating type of boundary conditions. The main goal is to construct asymptotic expansions of the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the considered problems. Asymptotic expansions are constructed on the basis of original combinations of asymptotic analysis methods: the method of matching asymptotic expansions, the boundary layer method and the multi-scale method. We perform the analysis of the coefficients of the formally constructed asymptotic series. For strictly periodic and locally periodic alternation of the boundary conditions, the described approach allows one to construct complete asymptotic expansions of the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. In the case of nonperiodic alternation and the averaged third boundary condition, sufficiently weak conditions on the alternation structure are obtained, under which it is possible to construct the first corrections in the asymptotics for the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions. These conditions include in consideration a wide class of different cases of nonperiodic alternation. With further, very serious weakening of the conditions on the structure of alternation, it is possible to obtain two-sided estimates for the rate of convergence of the eigenvalues of the perturbed problem. It is shown that these estimates are unimprovable in order. For the corresponding eigenfunctions, we also obtain unimprovable in order estimates for the rate of convergence.
A hybrid finite difference method for singularly perturbed delay partial differential equations with discontinuous coefficient and source.
Authors: Kaushik Aditya , Sharma Nitika
Published: October 2021

The article presents a hybrid finite difference scheme to solve a
singularly perturbed parabolic functional differential equation with
discontinuous coefficient and source. The simultaneous presence of
deviating argument with a discontinuous source and coefficient makes the
problem stiff. The solution of the problem exhibits turning point
behaviour across discontinuity as ε tends to zero. The hybrid scheme
presented is a composition of a central difference scheme and a midpoint
upwind scheme on a specially generated mesh. At the same time, an
implicit finite difference method is used to discretize the time
variable. Consistency, stability, and convergence of the presented
numerical approach have been investigated. The presented method
converges uniformly independent of the perturbation parameter. Numerical
results have been presented for two test examples that verify the
effectiveness of the scheme.
Educational Response Toward Covid-19 Pandemic: Perception, Problems and Prospects; A Bangladeshi Context
Authors: Nusrat Mansura
Published: October 2021

This study set out to unearth the perception regarding the effectiveness of online education, problems and future prospects of online education according to the teachers and students of Higher education institutions of Bangladesh during the covid-19 pandemic situation. The present study is conducted in two stages. The first stage was examining the existing literature on Education’s (Teaching-Learning) response during the Covid-19 pandemic situation; and in phase 2, one structured questionnaire was administered to elicit responses from students from two different universities in Bangladesh and one semi-structured questionnaire were administered to bring forth responses from teachers of different higher education institutions of Bangladesh. random sampling and the snowball technique were used to develop the sample of 118 respondents with a response rate of 44.03 percent. Teachers and students both have positive attitude toward online education during pandemic situation mostly because of safety issue. Positive relationship is found between the level of proficiency of teaching technology and the level of comfort in online teachings among teachers of higher education. Moreover, there are multiple issues at hand to resolve and move forward such as: developing digital proficiency of both teachers and students, ensuring better students’ engagement, employing effective and authentic evaluation process, remodeling pedagogy and learning instruments, ensuring quality internet facility at affordable price for all the concerned stakeholders. Current study would help the education practitioners to focus on improving the current issues and thus making the policy regarding teaching during and after pandemic situation owing to the fact that, evidences suggest that, world’s education practice is moving toward blended learning (a combination of online and offline, on campus learning). Whereas, several studies have been carried out to reveal the prospects and challenges in the field of education during Covid-19 pandemic. The currents study synthesizes the major contributions and highlights the issues regarding the educational response toward Covid-19 Pandemic around the world. Moreover, this study reveals the problems and prospects of online education during and post Covid-19 era in a third world like Bangladesh.
CONFIRMATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS PADA PENGUKURAN KEHARMONISAN KELUARGA (FHS-24)
Authors: Fauziah Nailul , Hartini Nurul , Hendriani Wiwin , Fajriyanthi Fajriyanthi
Published: October 2021

Keharmonisan keluarga adalah ketahanan keluarga secara sosial psikologis, yang merupakan konsep penting sebagai penentu karakter anak dankepribadian positif anak. Namun, belum ditemukan publikasi validitas alat ukur keharmonisan keluarga di Indonesia. Hanya satu pengukuran keharmonisan keluarga dengan validitas dan reliabilitas yang telah dipublikasikan, yaitu FHS-24 (Family Harmony Scale) oleh Kavikondala et al. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi alat ukur keharmonisan keluarga FHS-24 pada responden keluarga di Indonesia. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional, yaitu penelitian yang melibatkan beberapa variabel dan melihat hubungan antar variabel. Analisis data penelitian menggunakan metode SEM (Structure Equation Models) dengan CFA (Confirmatory Fit Analysis). Jumlah responden adalah 308 suami istri yang berasal dari berbagai daerah di Indonesia. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah pengukuran keharmonisan keluarga menggunakan skala keharmonisan keluarga FHS-24 merupakan model yang fit untuk digunakan pada keluarga di Indonesia. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari model structural (hubungan antar aspek menunjukkan angka yang valid) maupun model pengukuran (masing-masing pernyataan menunjukkan angka yang valid). Skala FHS-24 dapat digunakan untuk mengukur keharmonisan keluarga di Indonesia.
PERAN GENDER ORANG TUA-REMAJA DALAM FUNGSI KELUARGA DAN KESEJAHTERAAN SUBJEKTIF REMAJA
Authors: Puspitawati Herien , Defina Defina , Musthofa Musthofa , Naina Sheila , Cahayani Octaria Intan , Rahmah Yazidah Nur , Maulina Trisna , Habsari Atika Windi
Published: October 2021

Kemitraan orang tua dan keberfungsian keluarga merupakan faktor dominan dalam memengaruhi kesejahteraan subjektif remaja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan peran gender orang tua-remaja dalam fungsi keluarga dan kesejahteraan subjektif remaja antara remaja laki-laki dan perempuan; dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kesejahteraan subjektif remaja. Desain penelitian menggunakan cross sectional study melalui metode pengumpulan data non-probability voluntary sampling dengan analisis data menggunakan Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Jumlah contoh penelitian sebanyak 277 keluarga yang mempunyai remaja bersekolah di SMP negeri di Kota Bogor dan tinggal bersama kedua orang tuanya. Hasil Independent T-Test menunjukkan bahwa peran gender orang tua-remaja dalam pelaksanaan aktivitas fungsi keluarga pada remaja perempuan lebih baik daripada remaja laki-laki, sedangkan tingkat kesejahteraan subjektif pada kedua kelompok remaja tidak berbeda signifikan. Variabel laten karakteristik remaja memengaruhi kesejahteraan subjektif remaja baik secara langsung maupun tidak langsung melalui peran gender orang tua-remaja. Variabel laten karakteristik keluarga juga memengaruhi kesejahteraan subjektif remaja secara tidak langsung melalui peran gender orang tua-remaja. Terakhir, variabel laten peran gender orang tua-remaja berpengaruh secara langsung terhadap kesejahteraan subjektif remaja. Dengan demikian, orang tua diharapkan mampu menjalankan fungsi keluarga pada remaja tanpa bias gender sehingga dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan subjektif remaja.
The effect of personality characteristics combined with behavioral activation system (BAS) / behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and sport emotional induction on working memory
Authors: Entezari Marzieh , Dehkordi Parvaneh Shamsipour , Heidari Mahtab
Published: October 2021

Study aim: To investigate the interactive effects of behavioral activation or behavioral inhibition and induced pleasant or unpleasant emotions on working memory performance among young adults.

Material and methods: Eighty participants (age 18–32 years) were randomly classified into 2 groups behavioral activation or inhibition and then sub-divided further via whether they received inductions in either pleasant emotions or unpleasant emotions. A pre-test measure of the working memory test was recorded and repeated after emotional induction.

Results: The ANOVA analysis indicated significant effect of PERSONALITY factor (F1,76 = 4.760, p = 0.0322, ηp
2 = 0.059) on results of the working memory test. The memory performance of the behavioral activation group that received positive emotion was better than the other groups, and the working memory performance of the behavioral inhibition group that received positive emotion was poorer than the other groups. Furthermore, the working memory performance of the behavioral activation group (positive emotion) was better than the other groups. Also, the working memory performance of the behavioral inhibition group (positive emotion) was poorer than the other groups.

Conclusions: Finally, the findings support the different effects of the brain behavioral systems and sport emotional induction on working memory.
Depression and the use of antidepressants in cardiovascular diseases from a cardiologist’s perspective
Authors: Blat Diana , Stelmach Ewa
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases, especially coronary heart disease or heart failure, are often chronic.

Aim and method: The aim of this study was to review the literature on the prevalence of depressive disorders and the use of antidepressants in cardiovascular disease. For this purpose, articles available in PubMed and Google Scholar databases were used.

Results: About one in five patients with cardiovascular disease suffers from major depressive disorder. Psychosocial stress, depression and anxiety, are associated with poorer prognosis and make it more difficult for patients to make positive lifestyle changes and comply with medical recommendations. Conversely, depressive symptoms are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular incidents. Regarding pharmacotherapy, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are considered safe drugs, while tricyclic antidepressants are not recommended. In the treatment of depression and cardiovascular diseases, supplementation or a diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids is worth mentioning.

Conclusions: The above literature review highlights the need for a multidirectional approach that is essential to diagnose, understand and then treat these, often comorbid, conditions of cardiovascular disease and depression.
Engaging Economics and Traffic Engineering Students in Community Issues Using the MultiCreation Approach
Authors: Nechkoska Renata Petrevska , Nechovska Daniela Koltovska , Angeleski Marjan
Published: October 2021

Effective teaching methods for the coming generations of pragmatic students and teachers are evolving towards much greater involvement on all sides, attempting to bridge real life and academia in innova-tive ways. Our theoretical foundation lays upon the Triple Helix, n-Tuple Helix theory and the innova-tion triangle, but in a problem-based multidisciplinary setting. After introducing and validating the Mul-tiCreation approach in teaching/learning for the business-academia collaboration, where multiple disci-plines, diverse profiles of students, professors, and managers have taken up various roles to address relevant business issues, we were encouraged to expand its applicability beyond the business world - toward societal problems. We retained the problem-based and participatory learning but shifted the positioning of the problem towards the safety of primary school children, incorporating economic, pro-ject-based, managerial, traffic engineering, logistical, regulatory, and governance issues. By including two primary schools, collaborating with their principals, advisory teams, and teachers, as well as chil-dren and parents, in two different cities, we aimed to provide complete research, engineering and educa-tion for the stakeholders so that the schools could just hand in documentation to the relevant municipal bodies to be acted upon effectuation. The involved students came from two faculties -of economics and traffic engineering, steered by three university professors on the subjects of project management and basic and advanced techniques for traffic management. The blended learning components took place as prescribed in the MultiCreation approach, during two semesters of two academic years. They combined countermeasures and solutions. The MultiCreation approach has been enhanced regarding its components and workflow and its effectiveness has been validated in a multi-stakeholder environ-ment of direct and indirect educational beneficiaries.
Exploring the Contribution of Personal Qualities to the Personal and Professional Development of Trainee Sport Psychology Practitioners’ Within the Individuation Process
Authors: Verner Daryl , Chandler Charlotte , Clarke Philip
Published: October 2021

Since the person behind the practitioner has been recognised as a core foundation of professional practice in sport psychology, research attention has diffused to focus on navigating the ‘rocky road’ towards individuation. As such, this study extended the literature by illuminating the importance of developing personal qualities during the embryonic stages of supervised experience (SE) in sport psychology to help support the individuation process occurring throughout the training journey. Specifically, the aim of the current study was to explore the contribution of personal qualities to the personal and professional development of trainee sport psychology practitioners, within the individuation process. Seven semi-structured interviews were conducted with probationary sport and exercise scientists (psychology) working in a range of elite and professional sports (i.e., premier league football, rugby league, golf, gymnastics, swimming, and several other Olympic sports). The interview schedule was refined following a pilot study. Interview transcripts were content analysed and trustworthiness criteria applied. Interpretative phenomenological analysis identified three main superordinate themes, labelled ‘self-development of personal qualities’, ‘facilitators of supervisee individuation’, and ‘initial consulting experiences of practitioners’. This study extends the literature by illuminating the importance of developing personal qualities during the embryonic stages of SE to help support the individuation process occurring throughout the training journey, thus better preparing sport psychologist’s for self-governed practice once accredited. Considerations are given in relation to how sport psychology education and training programmes could aid the individuation process via the development of personal qualities.
Towards an ethic of “Inescapable situations”
Authors: Rovaletti María Lucrecia
Published: October 2021

In connection with the traditional principles of Bioethics, we wonder if they are able to make us understand the terminal patient and those who look after him and his family, or if it will be necessary to “go backwards” (Schritt zurück) - to speak in Heidegger’s terms- up to reach that unavoidable principle that guides and inspires the application of the others. The thought of Emmanuel Levinas can place us near an answer. In fact, he insists that it is the “other” in his face the one that it is imposed with its own strength, as a being essentially ethic and before its presence the only response is to recognize him/her as constitutively “indigent”. Precisely, before any other theory or any other argument, the “other” is presented to me face-to-face, his own presence is already existence of his acknowledgment, it is a call and a appeal to responsibility.

Since Ethic demands primarily a complete dedication of all the person, that is to say a radical commitment of reason, will and feelings, we ask ourselves in front of these patients to get for them a new shelter. Serenity, availability, comforted mood among threats, patience, gratitude and hope may become founding virtues of interpersonal relationships (Bollnow).