bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Understanding College Student’s Experiences, Knowledge, and Preferences in Horticultural Activity
Authors: Kwack Hye Ran
Published: January 2023

Background and objective: In order to develop basic data for horticultural education and activities for college students struggling to overcome various stress and practical problems, this study is designed to understand the actual conditions of college students' horticultural experience, knowledge, and preferences.Methods: First, the experiences of horticultural activities were classified and analyzed using Google Forms. At this time, the horticultural experience was investigated by dividing it into whether there was a plant cultivation experience, a personal plant experience, and plant purchase experiences. Second, gardening activities and knowledge and preference were analzed. Third, the correlation between plant experience and plant knowledge was analyzed, and a factor analysis was conducted to determine preferred horticultural activities and class programs.Results: In the case of experiencing plant cultivation, there was a high interest in companion plants, understanding plant management methods, preventing pests, packaging or storage methods of flowers, and social media related to plants. In the case of no experience in plant cultivation, plant indifference, difficulty in cultivation, and mental and time leisure were cited as conditions for plant cultivation. While personal plant purchasing experience is about two to three times a year, gift purchasing experience was very high, and the reason why flowers were not purchased except for gifts was because they were discarded or did not know how to store them. Plant knowledge, such as plant types, names, and breeding methods, was very low, but plant terriers showed high interest, and preferences for flower plants, foliage plants, succulent plants, and fine dust removal plants and gardens, gardens, and plantation activities were high. "Plant experience" was highly connected with the latest knowledge such as "understanding fine dust plants" (p < .001), especially "plant interest" was highly connected with all the horticultural knowledge presented (p < .001). As a result of the arithmetic factor analysis, the rotational factor analysis of the six factors showed the highest number of "plant activity" types, and the factor load was important in the order of flower complex tour, plant shop tour, water cultivation, terrarium, and indoor gardening activities. The second factor was "horticulture and horticultural activities," and the factor load was high in the order of correctional care, garden care, gardening, herb raising, and vegetable raising activities.
An Analysis of Surface Temperature Changes for Urban Green Space using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Authors: Lee Su-Been , Kil Sung-Ho , Yun Young-Jo , Choi Yun-eui
Published: January 2023

Background and objective: The urban heat island (UHI) effect is recognized as a representative environmental problem that occurs in cities in summer. This study aimed to quantitatively determine the surface temperature (ST) of UGSs using high-resolution images taken by an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), and analyze time-series changes in ST according to spatial characteristics (conifers, deciduous trees, shrubs, grass, metal sculptures, pavements).Methods: In this study, ST data of UGSs were established and acquired through UAV flight and filming, and orthoimages of such data were produced using the Pix4D program. In addition, by comparing RGB orthoimages and green space status data (location of trees and facilities) obtained from field surveys, a green-space type map was prepared using ArcGIS (v10.3.1) software to classify land cover types in green spaces (GSs). ST distribution by GS type was analyzed and statistical significance was verified through one-way ANOVA.Results: As a result, the ST of conifers, deciduous trees, shrubs, and grass, which are vegetation, was found to be lower than that of paved roads: for conifers, 4.1-12.5℃ lower than paved roads; for deciduous trees, 3.0-10.8℃; for shrubs 3.4-11.2℃; and for grass 1.7-8.1℃. In addition, the variations in ST over time were greatest for metal sculptures (28.1℃), followed by pavement (20.4℃), grass (19.4℃), shrubs (14.0℃), conifers (13.3℃), and deciduous trees (13.0℃).Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it is necessary to consider the components of GS for the efficient planning and management of UGS in terms of improving the urban thermal environment. Insufficient and unsystematic planning and management of UGSs may deteriorate the function of GSs. Therefore, it is necessary to determine and evaluate the ST characteristics of GSs in terms of improving the urban thermal environment.
Effects of Green Walls on Prefrontal Cerebral Hemodynamics in Hospital Workers
Authors: Youn ChoHye , Chung LeeBom , Kang Minji , Kim SuJin , Choi HyoBhin , Lee Juyoung
Published: January 2023

Background and objective: Artificial environments have been known to negatively affect neuropsychological activities. Healthcare workers who are under high psychological and physiological stress often spend long hours at a time. Recently, many studies have been conducted to reveal the healing effects of natural environments, but few studies have been conducted on healthcare workers. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the effect of green walls in medical facilities on the hemodynamics of the prefrontal cortex in healthcare workers.Methods: Eleven healthy adults working in a medical institution participated in the experiment, in which they rested for 10 minutes in a room with green walls and in a control room. To compare the physiological and psychological changes between the green wall room and the control room, we used various measurements, such as near-infrared spectroscopy in the prefrontal area (NIRS), heart rate variability (HRV), blood pressure (BP), and pulse rate (PR). Psychological tests were also conducted using the Profile of Mood States (POMS), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Perceived Restorativeness Scale (PRS), and the Zucherman Inventory of Personal Reaction Scale (ZIPERS).Results: The oxyhemoglobin concentration in the frontal lobe significantly decreased on both the left and right sides in the green wall room compared to the control room. Green walls significantly activated the parasympathetic nervous system and inhibited the sympathetic nervous system compared to the control room. In addition, psychological reactions increased positive emotions and decreased negative emotions.Conclusion: Green walls in medical facilities could be an effective way to promote physiological relaxation and health by reducing physiological hemodynamics in the prefrontal cortex evoked by psychological stress in healthcare workers. This study implies that green walls can be used as an effective means of stress reduction and relaxation.
The Northern Ethiopia Armed Conflict and the Unusual Decline of Grade 12 Students’ Result in Amhara Region
Authors: Belay Degwale Gebeyehu , Ayalew Sisay Tamirat
Published: January 2023

The Secondary School Leaving Examination, which is administered at the completion of grade 12 is the only criterion that determines admittance of students into the University. Students from Amhara Region; who have been under pressure of the Northern Ethiopian Armed Conflict, have scored unusual low entry marks which have yet given acceptable reply. This article aimed at exploring the nature of appeal system in Ethiopia, the issues of accountability and legitimacy of the Ministry of Education. Situational analysis of qualitative research approach is employed in this study. The study found out that there is no clear and trusted appeal system which inclusively and effectively provides response to the complaints. Besides, the ethnic politics of the country sadly spoils the education system and not everyone stands for the right of students, but only those who do have ethnic affiliations.
Situational Analysis on the Impact of Perinatal Deaths Among Bereaved Families in Ghana
Authors: Bogee Gillian P. , Sagoe-Moses Isabella , Adongo Emmanuel Ayire , Kuma-Aboagye Patrick , Wobil Priscilla , Shetye Mrunal , Kwarteng Peter Gyamfi , Denckla Christy , Guure Chris
Published: January 2023

Background: Annually, about 5.9 million perinatal deaths occur worldwide, leaving millions bereaved due to stillbirths or early neonatal deaths. The highest burden of stillbirths (97%) and newborn deaths (98%) occurs in lower- and middle-income countries, with the majority occurring in Sub-Saharan African countries. Method: This cross-sectional qualitative study was conducted to identify existing policies and protocols to support bereaved families, explore the needs of bereaved families, and to also assess the impact of perinatal death on families in Ghana. All in-depth interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically. The results were presented in narratives and supported with illustrative quotes from respondents. Results: In all, 42 in-depth interviews were conducted with 10 (23.8%) from the Northern belt (Upper East), 11 (26.2%) from the middle belt (Ashanti) and 21 (50.0%) from the Southern belt (Greater Accra). The study revealed that practicing health professionals and other stakeholders within the health service delivery chain were not aware of protocols, written guidelines or written documents to initiate counseling at the facility in the event of a mother losing a child. Most of the respondents did not know what to do in the event that a mother loses a baby during delivery or immediately after. Respondents were in favor of having a policy or guidelines which will help them to counsel families who go through perinatal bereavement. Respondents were of the view that it is important for families who experience perinatal grief to be supported. Conclusion: All staff who meet the pregnant mother during her pre-and-post-delivery stages should be trained on the use of guidelines or policies. There is the need to have a policy, train and equip health staff to ensure that families experiencing perinatal grief are provided with effective counseling. Ghana Health Service should consider training and recruiting professional counselors who will support the health staff in dealing with perinatal grief.
Willingness to Listen in English: Voices from Preservice English Teachers in Turkish Higher Education
Authors: Karakaş Ali , Boonsuk Yusop
Published: January 2023

Willingness to communicate (WTC) in a target language is considered a critical variable impacting engagement when students learn the language. Notwithstanding the research conducted on WTC of students, fewer attempts have been made to investigate their willingness to listen (WTL), especially WTL augmentation. To address this gap, this research explored the impact of a long-term listening course on preservice teachers’ WTL in English and identifies underlying factors influencing their WTL. To this end, a mixed-methods research design consisting of pretest, post-test and interviews was adopted. Quantitative data were collected from 45 students with a 19-item WTL scale and qualitatively from 10 students through semi-structured interviews. Quantitative data were subjected to descriptive (means and standard deviations) and inferential (Mann–Whitney U-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test) statistics, while qualitative data were analysed through qualitative content analysis. Results indicated that the long-term listening course was inadequate to improve preservice teachers’ WTL significantly and pointed to various individual, speaker, listener and skill variables that influenced participants’ existing and increasing levels of WTL in English. These results are beneficial to English practitioners when designing practical activities and courses to enhance English listening skills, especially when communicating with interlocutors from diverse linguacultural backgrounds amid today's English diversity.
The 2023 Revision to the CRCC Code of Ethics: Implications for Defining and Protecting the Counselor–Client Relationship
Authors: Ahonle Zaccheus J. , Hill Julie C. , Rumrill Phillip , Edmund Degeneffe Charles , Dillahunt-Aspillaga Christina
Published: January 2023

The revised 2023 Commission on Rehabilitation Counselor Certification (CRCC) Code of Ethics, adopted in September 2022, addresses changes in ethical standards related to the counseling relationship. To promote awareness and understanding of these changes, this article reviews the purpose of Section A (The Counseling Relationship) of the CRCC Code of Ethics and provides a summary of the key revisions that have been made to Section A in the new revised Code and how the changes in these sub-sections of Section A impact counselors/practice.
Self-Healing Capability and Mechanical Properties of Asphalt Mixtures Prepared With Light-Activated Polyurethane Prepolymer Modified Asphalt Binder
Authors: Shirzad Sharareh , Idris Ipshit Ibne , Hassan Marwa , Mohammad Louay N.
Published: January 2023

The objective of this study was to develop a new generation of ultraviolet (UV) light-activated self-healing polyurethane prepolymer modified asphalt binder using a reactive approach and to optimize the production parameters. Rheological tests were conducted on the prepared binder blends to evaluate the effect of the modification on rutting and fatigue cracking. The effect of the modification on asphalt mixtures was also evaluated using a self-healing experiment and various mechanical laboratory tests. The formation of urethane bond was confirmed using Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Rheological test results of the modified binder demonstrated an increase in the high-temperature grading, while no significant effect was observed on the low-temperature grade. Self-healing testing of the asphalt mixtures showed that mixtures with 10% polymer and continuous exposure to UV light exhibited the highest crack healing rate. Loaded Wheel Tracking (LWT) results showed an improvement in rutting resistance of the mixtures prepared with polymer. In addition, Semi-Circular Bending (SCB) test results showed an improvement in the cracking resistance with 5% polymer. An increase in high-temperature grade was also observed for the extracted binders from the prepared asphalt mixtures. Multiple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR) test results of the extracted binders showed an improvement in the elastic behavior and rutting resistance with an increase in polymer content. Furthermore, the extracted binders from aged mixtures showed an improved fatigue performance with the increase in polymer content.
Impact of Platoon Management on Heterogeneous Traffic under V2X Communication Limitation
Authors: Dai Yulu , Yang Yuwei , Zhong Hongming
Published: January 2023

The advent of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication technology, as well as driving automation that is happening at a rapid pace, enables the potential for transforming the transportation system. The near future will, therefore, bring the coexistence of human-driven vehicles (HVs), connected vehicles (CVs), and connected and automated vehicles (CAVs). Correspondingly, platoon management based on V2X communication is expected to improve traffic capacity and fuel efficiency. However, there is a lack of analysis of the impact of platoon management on heterogeneous traffic combined with CVs. Moreover, V2X communication limitation is usually dismissed in existing studies. To address these limitations, this paper explores the impact of platoon management on the capacity of heterogeneous-traffic environments under different CV and CAV market penetration rates (MPRs) with the fundamental diagram considering V2X communication limitations, and further studies the changes in capacity and fuel efficiency of traffic combined with different platoon sizes. Firstly, in light of platoon management, we propose the heterogeneous traffic configurations through distribution characteristics of nine types with simulated models. Secondly, the fundamental diagram considering platoon management with V2X communication limitation is proposed under different CV and CAV MPRs. Thirdly, numerical simulations are conducted to demonstrate the impact of platoon size on the changes in capacity and fuel efficiency of traffic. Conclusions are drawn from the results of the simulations: with the cooperation of CVs and CAVs, the traffic capacity and the fuel efficiency will be promoted, particularly under high CV MPR or high CAV MPR environments.
Proximal Policy Optimization-Based Driving Control Strategy of Connected Cruise Vehicle Platoons to Improve Traffic Efficiency and Safety
Authors: Xu Zhanrui , Jiao Xiaohong , Ru Shuangkun
Published: January 2023

This paper investigates connected cruise control (CCC) based on the deep reinforcement learning algorithm to mitigate oscillations and improve traffic safety in stop-and-go waves. A proximal policy optimization (PPO)-based control strategy is proposed for connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) in a heterogeneous longitudinal car-following platoon. The method receives the velocity and position signals of n human-driven vehicles ahead through wireless vehicle-to-vehicle communication to obtain an appropriate driving behavior and improve traffic efficiency and safety in real-time. The effectiveness and advantage of the proposed strategy are verified by using traffic simulation software (Simulation of Urban Mobility) for two simulation scenarios of trajectory curves with noticeable acceleration changes of the leading vehicle and two sections of actual traffic speed data. The results show that the proposed PPO-CCC method can successfully suppress the speed oscillations and improve the travel efficiency of CAVs in the car platoon.
The Gender Wage Gap, Between-Firm Inequality, and Devaluation: Testing a New Hypothesis in the Service Sector
Authors: Brick Carmen , Schneider Daniel , Harknett Kristen
Published: January 2023

Unequal sorting of men and women into higher and lower-wage firms contributes significantly to the gender wage gap according to recent analysis of national labor markets. We confirm the importance of this between-firm gender segregation in wages and examine a second outcome of hours using unique employer–employee data from the service sector. We then examine what explains the relationship between firm gender composition and wages. In contrast to prevailing economic explanations that trace between-firm differences in wages to differences in firm surplus, we find evidence consistent with devaluation and potentially a gender-specific use of “low road” employment strategies.
Shipping activities and marine education during the colonial era in Korea, 1910–1945
Authors: Kim S. June
Published: January 2023

As Korea's economy has developed swiftly over the past few decades, its shipping industry has grown so rapidly that in 2021 it was the seventh largest ship-controlling country in the world. Some have argued that Japanese colonial rule caused the rapid growth of Korea's economy. This article analyses shipping activities and marine education from 1910 to 1945 to confirm the origin of the modern shipping industry in Korea. After reviewing the arguments on the role of colonial rule in the development of shipping during the colonial period, the article reconstructs the development process of the Chosen Yusen Corporation as the sole ocean-going shipping company during the colonial period. The role of marine education is then discussed in relation to cultivating human capital for the shipping industry. This article might help with understanding that colonial rule itself cannot bring about the development of a former colonial country after liberation.
Alpha-lipoic acid inhibits sodium arsenite-mediated autophagic death of rat insulinoma cells
Authors: Cheng Yong , Yang Xiuli , Tang Wenjuan , Fu Qiong , Li Hong , Liang Bing
Published: January 2023

Aim

To investigate the protective effect of α-lipoic acid on sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) induced INS-1 cells injury and its mechanism.

Methods

The cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay. The autophagosomes was observed under transmission electron microscopy. The autophagosomes in cells transfected with green fluorescent protein microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (GFP-LC3) plasmids were observed under a laser scanning con-focal microscope. The expression of LC3-II, P62, PI3K, and mTOR proteins in INS-1 cells treated with a combination of chloroquine (CQ, autophagy inhibitor) and NaAsO2 were detected by Western blot assay. The expression of LC3-II, P62, PI3K, and mTOR proteins were detected in INS-1 cells treated with a combination of rapamycin (autophagy inducer, mTOR inhibitor) and α-LA.

Results

The cytotoxicity induced by NaAsO2 was reversed by α-LA, and the viability of NaAsO2-treated INS-1 cells increased. α-LA pretreatment decreased the autophagosome accumulation induced by NaAsO2. α-LA also reduced the fluorescence spot aggregation of GFP-LC3 in INS-1 cells exposed to NaAsO2 as observed under a laser scanning con-focal microscope. α-LA inhibited NaAsO2 induced autophagy by up-regulating PI3K and mTOR and down-regulating LC3-II and P62. CQ inhibited NaAsO2 induced autophagy by up-regulating PI3K, mTOR, P62 and down-regulating LC3-II. α-LA inhibited rapamycin-induced autophagy by up-regulating PI3K, mTOR and P62 and down-regulating LC3-II. The results showed that NaAsO2 could induce autophagy activation in INS-1 cells. The α-LA may inhibit autophagy activation by regulating the PI3K/mTOR pathway.

Conclusion

The data indicated that α-LA might inhibit the NaAsO2-induced autophagic death of INS-1 cells by regulating the PI3K/mTOR pathway.
Integrating Home and International Students in HE: Academic and Social Effects of Pair Work PBL Assignments Online
Authors: Bergman Becky , Negretti Raffaella , Spencer-Oatey Helen , Stöhr Christian
Published: January 2023

Integration is vital to student well-being in higher education but integrating new students from different countries can be challenging. To ascertain students’ integration into their new environment, this mixed method study combined the data collected from weekly diary entries of home and international students at the start of one engineering program, with follow-up interviews. These students studied primarily online due to the pandemic. The diary entries focused on their adjustment to the program from an academic, social and pair work perspective. Results show that the students reacted slightly negatively to the academic experience but very positively to their pair work. It seems that the teacher-formed pair work helped to bridge the academic and social gap and not only alleviate some of the stress caused by assignments, but in some cases, provided new social contacts. The article concludes that structural factors within the course can facilitate interaction and thus support integration.
Communicating Blue Carbon Science Across the Indo-Pacific Region Through Capacity Building Fellowships
Authors: Gorman Daniel , Wilson Mark S. , Steven Andrew D. L.
Published: January 2023

Communicating the value of blue carbon ecosystems requires sound knowledge of biology, remote sensing, carbon assessment, policy, and approaches to restoration. We describe a successful training program where young professionals from developing countries are hosted in Australia and taught to communicate blue carbon science to researchers, policy makers, and the public. Across several programs, some run during the COVID-19 pandemic, participants increased their knowledge of important areas of blue carbon science by 58% to 74%. This integrative teaching platform gives participants the knowledge and skills needed to help solve the major challenges to the marine environment in their home countries.
“We need to work hand in hand”: supporting cancer survivorship care with First Nations and Métis peoples in Canada via video
Authors: Thomas Roanne , Gifford Wendy , Poudrier Jennifer , Rheault Alysson , Shallwani Shirin
Published: January 2023

There is a lack of access to culturally safe and individualized cancer survivorship care and awareness of the unique challenges and strengths that Indigenous persons living with cancer (PLCs) face. This study aimed to explore the experiences and needs of First Nations and Métis PLCs across Canada. From 2014 to 2016, we engaged 87 participants who were either PLCs or caregivers (CGs) from five communities across Canada—Gitxsan and Kenora, British Columbia; Ottawa, Ontario; and Akwesasne and Kahnawake, Quebec—using participatory arts-based methods. Following the thematic analysis of participants’ photographs, journal entries, and stories, we created a video exploring the themes of spirituality and ceremony, finding strength together, the land and nature, creating and sharing, and navigating health care. Participants’ feedback on the video supports the use of video as a knowledge translation tool that may promote meaningful dialogue around the cancer experiences of Indigenous peoples in Canada.
Nocardia farcinica Pneumonia with Sepsis and a Bronchial Neoplasm in a Healthy Patient: A Case Report
Authors: Dong Shuangxia , Lin Qianding , Dai Xinjian , Zhang Baoyi
Published: January 2023

There are few reports on sepsis caused by infection with Nocardia in people with normal immune function, and there is no report on bronchial tumor caused by Nocardia. This paper describes a case of Nocardia farcinica pneumonia with sepsis and a bronchial neoplasm in a healthy patient.
Reading Object Lessons in India today
Authors: John Mary E.
Published: January 2023

This essay situates Object Lessons in the contemporary academic spaces of women’s studies in India. A decade ago, Object Lessons offered an extensive critique of identity knowledges in the US academy with a special focus on women’s studies. What might its relevance be in the contemporary Indian context? The institutionalisation of women’s studies in India has been shaped by the resources of the social sciences, with their empirical bent and especially their connection to state and development policy. This makes for specific differences with the US context while many concerns are shared. The essay also looks at how gender as a category has been deployed in specific contexts in contrast to that of “women”, in the light of Wiegman’s cautions over seeking resolutions to particular problems through a preferential treatment of categories. By way of concluding thoughts on the Indian situation, women’s studies in India is hypervisible compared to other identity knowledges. In spite of its marginal and precarious location in the academy, it carries a disproportionate political burden, one that a heterogeneous student body is shouldering in their struggles for a sustainable future.
Tuning ourselves into place: Enhancing multivocality with video
Authors: Bursta Beate , Kvidal-Røvik Trine , Rantala Outi
Published: January 2023

This article addresses the methodological aspects of a multi-voiced, collaborative ethnographic research process, in particular how video can enhance and amplify this research endeavour. The authors illustrate and discuss how experimental filmic methodologies can help to capture processes of becoming in a collaborative research endeavour, both enabling the development and production of diverse empirical materials and enhancing the multivocality of research practices. Using explorations of the National Tourist Route towards Havøysund in northern Norway as our empirical context, we reflect on diverse engagements along the process, such as becoming aware how the camcorder becomes a member in the research team. The filmed material forms an entanglement where our explorations along the route, our cultural practices related to the northern landscape and diverse disciplinary practices come together. We address three main ways video contributed to our research process and the creation of research materials. First, we highlight how video enables the creation of empirical traces that can be used as research materials. Second, we explore how video can work for mobilisation of multivocal dialogues. Finally, we point out that video opens the way for integration of the sensual into the research process.
Influence of high-density polyethylene content on the rheology, crystal structure, and mechanical properties of melt spun ultra-high-molecular weight polyethylene/high-density polyethylene blend fibers
Authors: Wang Fei , Yu Jiabin , Liu Lichao , Xue Ping , Chen Ke
Published: January 2023

High-density polyethylene (HDPE) content significantly influences the structure and mechanical properties of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)/HDPE blend fibers. The molecular chain disentanglement and crystallization characteristics of as-spun filaments and fibers and how the structure affects the final mechanical properties of the fibers were thoroughly studied by adding different contents of HDPE. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and rheological analysis indicated that the molecular entanglement decreased with increasing HDPE content, improving the UHMWPE melt processability. Sound velocity orientation (SVO) studies indicated that the UHMWPE/HDPE as-spun filaments and fibers with an HDPE content of 40 wt% (U6H4) had a higher molecular chain orientation level. Furthermore, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) analyses indicated that U6H4 had the highest crystallinity and the thinnest grains in the axial direction, respectively. The compact crystal structure and fully stretched molecular chains of U6H4 yielded the best mechanical properties. The present work disclosed the effect mechanism of HDPE contents on the preparation and properties of UHMWPE/HDPE fibers, which provided an effective and universal strategy for manufacturing high-strength UHMWPE/HDPE fibers with the melt spinning method.
Polarization in COVID-19 Vaccine Discussion Networks
Authors: Amlani Sharif , Kiesel Spencer , Butters Ross
Published: January 2023

The emergence of COVID-19 spurred the fastest development of a vaccine in history. Yet, a large proportion of Americans remain hesitant to receive it. Our paper investigates how the social networks we inhabit might explain persistent vaccine hesitancy. We argue that the COVID-19 vaccination status of respondents’ closest associates inhibits or motivates their decision to receive a COVID-19 vaccine. To test our argument, we conduct an original survey asking respondents a battery of questions about the people with whom individuals most frequently discuss vaccines and COVID-19. Our survey reports that individuals’ discussion networks are polarized by vaccination status. Concurrently, there is a strong association between the social network’s vaccination status and the respondent’s vaccination status. This association is so robust that partisanship does not moderate the association between discussants’ vaccination status and respondents’ vaccination status. Together, our results imply that unvaccinated individuals remain hesitant because they face reinforcing social pressure from their closest associates. The unique timing of our survey, during an unprecedented vaccination campaign against a novel disease, offers a snapshot of how relationships may affect attitudes.
A comparison of antiplatelet therapy during the peri- and post-operative periods following flow-diverting stent insertion for unruptured intracranial aneurysms: A systematic review
Authors: Leung Agnes Lorraine , Li Vincent , de Villiers Laetitia , Hattingh Laetitia
Published: January 2023

Background

Flow diverters (FDs) are neuroendovascular stents indicated for the management of unruptured intracranial aneurysms. Due to their composition, dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) is essential during the peri- and post-operative periods to prevent thromboembolic events. However, there is limited consensus within the scientific community regarding which antiplatelets to use and dosing following neuroendovascular treatment of aneurysms.

Method

A systematic search of four electronic databases was conducted during November 2020 that included studies published between January 2010 and November 2020. Eligibility for inclusion included primary research articles, published in the English language and use of flow-diverting intracranial stents. Studies were excluded if they utilised combined therapies (e.g. FD with stent-assisted coiling), animal studies, clinical trial protocols and study population of less than 10 subjects.

Results

Eighteen studies were identified for inclusion with a total of 1312 patients with 1355 unruptured intracranial aneurysms treated with FDs. Of these, 13 studies primarily investigated the use of clopidogrel with aspirin with low rates of haemorrhagic and thromboembolic complications. A forest plot of nine of these studies showed average efficacy of 88% at 95% confidence interval (CI) (SD + 5%) with 63% heterogeneity.

Conclusions

The large proportion of studies investigating clopidogrel and aspirin antiplatelet therapy presents a challenge in comparing antiplatelet regimens. Although prasugrel and ticagrelor have been identified as suitable alternatives to clopidogrel, these were based on studies with small cohort sizes. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors may be efficacious as rescue therapy for intra-procedural thrombosis. Further research is required to determine which antiplatelet is most suitable.
Seismic fragility analysis of the inter-story isolated structure for the influence of main-aftershock sequences
Authors: Yang Fan , Liu Dewen , Lei Min , Zheng Yanping , Zhao Tiange , Gao Liang
Published: January 2023

The inter-story isolated structure is an effective and feasible structure seismic technology and system, but most studies on inter-story isolated structures only consider the mainshock. A strong mainshock is usually accompanied by multiple aftershocks, the structure will be damaged under the action of the mainshock. Because of the short time interval between the main shock and the aftershocks, the structure is often not repaired in time, so it will be further damaged under the action of the aftershock. Therefore, it is meaningful to study the fragility of inter-story isolated structures under the action of main-aftershock sequences. In this study, the incremental dynamic analysis method was used, and the inter-story isolated structure of a frame shear wall was established. The vulnerability curves of each substructure under the action of a single mainshock and main-aftershock sequence were compared. A series structure system was used to calculate the overall vulnerability of the inter-story isolated structure. The vulnerability curves of different isolation layer setting positions and isolation bearing stiffness under the action of a single mainshock and main-aftershock were compared, and the collapse margin ratio (CMR) of the structure given. The results show that aftershocks increase the exceedance probability of each substructure, and with an increase in the limit state, the influence of aftershocks is more obvious. An appropriate isolation layer design reduces the influence of aftershocks and the exceedance probability of the entire structure.
Hemorrhage of cerebral cavernous malformation in third trimester of pregnancy
Authors: Merlino Lucia , Del Prete Federica , Titi Luca , Piccioni Maria Grazia
Published: January 2023

Cerebral cavernous malformation is a rare but important cause of cerebral hemorrhage in pregnancy and puerperium. In pregnancy, cavernomas can more easily bleed as a result of increased female hormones and growth factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor. We present the case of a pregnant woman who had been diagnosed with a cerebral cavernoma about ten years previously, after repeated headache episodes; at the 28th week of pregnancy the woman was hospitalized for epileptic seizures and active bleeding from the anterior cerebral artery. We describe the management of the case, the decision for a preterm delivery and for a resolutive neurosurgical procedure.
Evaluation of drag coefficient for a quadrotor model
Authors: Hattenberger Gautier , Bronz Murat , Condomines Jean-Philippe
Published: January 2023

This paper focuses on the quadrotor drag coefficient model and its estimation from flight tests. Precise assessment of such a model permits the use of a quadrotor as a sensor for wind estimation purposes without the need for additional onboard sensors. Firstly, the drag coefficient has been estimated in a controlled environment via wind generator and motion capture system. Later, the evolution of the coefficient is observed for various mass and fuselage shapes. Finally, an estimation method is proposed, based on the least-squares optimization, that evaluates the drag of the quadrotor directly from outdoor flight data. The latter leads the methodology towards easier adoption in other researchers’ systems without the need for complex and expensive flight testing facilities. The accuracy of the proposed method is presented both in simulation, based on a realistic flight dynamics model, and also for real outdoor flights.
Understanding the Impact of Occupational Stress on the Home Environment: Evidence from Oman
Authors: Belwal Shweta , Al Maqbali Ahad Ali Hamil , Belwal Rakesh
Published: January 2023

Women develop stress not only at work but also in their home environment, which leads to chaos in both places. This study not only examines the extent of occupational stress among primary school teachers but also identifies the most important antecedents of occupational stress and its impact on the home environment. A survey was conducted on primary school teachers from Al Batinah Governorate in Oman. A sample of 232 respondents was effectively drawn to analyse data using the SmartPLS-based structural equation modelling (SEM) technique. The job demand control support (JDCS) model was used to study occupational stress. A new variable home environment was included in the study to extend the JDCS model. The findings revealed some factors causing occupational stress and a significant positive relationship between occupational stress and the home environment. The study recommended the creation of a positive work environment, the development of appropriate educational policies, and the improvement of relationships with people in the workplace to ameliorate the stress affecting the home environment.
Towards Entrepreneurship for a Cause: Educating Transformative Entrepreneurial Selves for a Better World
Authors: Hoppe Magnus , Namdar Kamran
Published: January 2023

In this essay we explore some central societal and educational problems that educators ought to address in order to support sustainability and we argue the need for educating transformative entrepreneurial selves, that is, students with abilities to muster and organize resources pursuing a cause. The current situation calls for youth to develop entrepreneurial competences that will give them the means to introduce and drive change through individual action. In so doing, we put forward the concept of entrepreneurship for a cause to challenge more traditional ideas of what entrepreneurship encompasses. For education, we subsequently suggest using the concept of entrepreneurship education for a cause. We argue that entrepreneurship education has an important role to play as an enabler, but one in which individual self-interests connected to business venturing are given less attention than reflections upon how each individual through decisive action can support the creation of a more sustainable society. Central to our argument is the insight that new ideas about meaning in life that will support changing society away from consumption towards sustainability need to be added as a leading dimension in any education with the aspiration of transforming the world through the actions of its students.
Employee Relations in India: Current Context and Emerging Paradigm
Authors: Pinisetti Naresh Kumar , Katkar Jayshree , Sharma Ashutosh
Published: January 2023

Employee relations in India has been changing with the changing context. The industry has come a long way since independence. The paradigm has changed at an even faster pace over the last decade due to fundamental shifts in technology and socio-economic factors. The onslaught of COVID also brought in tectonic shifts in this field. Rise in the proportion of middle-class, democratisation of information technology, automation and industrial revolution 2.0, focus on ESG, steps towards improving the ease of doing business are other important changes driving the paradigm shifts in employee relations. The industry is now moving from restrictive industrial relations (IR) practices to more collaborative and progressive practices that look at workers and unions as partners rather than adversaries. The article discusses a case in point, Deepak Fertilisers and Petrochemicals Corporation Limited, where progressive IR practices have shown demonstrable results in the changing context.
Employment Relations Past, Present and Future: Demise or Resurrection in India?
Authors: Venkataraman A.
Published: January 2023

This critical reflective paper draws upon my reading, studying and teaching employment relations (ER) and human resource management (HRM) over the years, from a sociological perspective. I make a compelling case for ER as a research activity, an organisational habit and a way of reflexive thinking. There is a false perception that ER is outdated. Indifferent to fads, ER endeavours to see clearly and speak the truth fearlessly and excavate the challenges and possibilities of the socio-economic exchange within any employment relationship. ER’s real strength is its granular holistic, multi-layered understanding of the totality of the wage-effort bargain. It has always been interdisciplinary because it draws from a vast canvas of sociology, economics, political economy and even psychology. Tracing its trajectory, I map the context in which ER evolved from Fordism to Post-Fordism, how HRM tried to take its place, and why it cannot do what ER does. It is only with this critical sceptical inquisitive spirit of ER that an effective emotionally intelligent transparent HR-lifecycle with a well-thought-out employee voice mechanism can craft better workplaces.

ER in India speak for gig workers and other casualised employment and intervenes urgently on their behalf by bringing their concerns to academic discussion and advocating change. In conjunction with critical management studies, the sociology of work and ER in India must go to the nub of inequality. It must reach out to broader constituencies to mitigate workplace inequalities in different situational and longitudinal work contexts.
Convergence of four measures of multi-morbidity
Authors: Grossardt Brandon R. , Chamberlain Alanna M. , Boyd Cynthia M. , Bobo William V. , St Sauver Jennifer L. , Rocca Walter A.
Published: January 2023

Objectives

To compare the agreement between percentile ranks from 4 multi-morbidity scores.

Design

Population-based descriptive study.

Setting

Olmsted County, Minnesota (USA).

Participants

We used the medical records-linkage system of the Rochester Epidemiology Project (REP; http://www.rochesterproject.org ) to identify all residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota who reached one or more birthdays between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2014 (10 years).

Methods

For each person, we calculated 4 multi-morbidity scores using readily available diagnostic code lists from the US Department of Health and Human Services, the Clinical Classifications Software, and the Elixhauser Comorbidity Index. We calculated scores using diagnostic codes received in the 5 years before the index birthday and fit quantile regression models across age and separately by sex to transform unweighted, simple counts of conditions into percentile ranks as compared to peers of same age and of same sex. We compared the percentile ranks of the 4 multi-morbidity scores using intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs).

Results

We assessed agreement in 181,553 persons who reached a total of 1,075,433 birthdays at ages 18 years through 85 years during the study period. In general, the percentile ranks of the 4 multi-morbidity scores exhibited high levels of agreement in 6 score-to-score pairwise comparisons. The agreement increased with older age for all pairwise comparisons, and ICCs were consistently greater than 0.65 at ages 50 years and older.

Conclusions

The assignment of percentile ranks may be a simple and intuitive way to assess the underlying trait of multi-morbidity across studies that use different measures.
Lymphovascular invasion represents a superior prognostic and predictive pathological factor of the duration of adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer patients
Authors: Zhang Linjie , Deng Yuxiang , Liu Songran , Zhang Weili , Hong Zhigang , Lu Zhenhai , Pan Zhizhong , Wu Xiaojun , Peng Jianhong
Published: January 2023

Background

Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and perineural invasion (PNI) can indicate poor survival outcomes in colorectal cancer, but few studies have focused on stage III colon cancer. The current study aimed to confirm the prognostic value of LVI and PNI and identify patients who could benefit from a complete duration of adjuvant chemotherapy based on the two pathological factors.

Methods

We enrolled 402 consecutive patients with stage III colon cancer who received colon tumor resection from November 2007 to June 2016 at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center. Survival analyses were performed by using Kaplan–Meier method with log-rank tests. Risk factors related to disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were identified through Cox proportional hazards analysis.

Results

141 (35.1%) patients presented with LVI, and 108 (26.9%) patients with PNI. The LVI-positive group was associated with poorer 3-year DFS (86.5% vs. 76.3%, P = 0.001) and OS (96.0% vs. 89.1%, P = 0.003) rates compared with the LVI-negative group. The PNI-positive group showed a worse outcome compared with the PNI-negative group in 3-year DFS rate (72.5% vs. 86.7%, P < 0.001). Moreover, LVI-positive group present better 3-year DFS and OS rate in patients completing 6–8 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy than those less than 6 cycles (3-year DFS: 80.0% vs. 64.9%, P = 0.019; 3-year OS: 93.2% vs. 76.3%, P = 0.002).

Conclusions

LVI is a superior prognostic factor to PNI in stage III colon cancer patients undergoing curative treatment. PNI status can noly predict the 3-year DFS wihout affecting the 3-year OS. Furthermore, LVI also represents an effective indicator for adjuvant chemotherapy duration.