bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tissue-specific in vivo transformation of plasmid DNA in Neotropical tadpoles using electroporation
Authors: Delia Jesse , Gaines-Richardson Maiah , Ludington Sarah C. , Akbari Najva , Vasek Cooper , Shaykevich Daniel , O’Connell Lauren A.
Published: August 2023

Electroporation is an increasingly common technique used for exogenous gene expression in live animals, but protocols are largely limited to traditional laboratory organisms. The goal of this protocol is to test in vivo electroporation techniques in a diverse array of tadpole species. We explore electroporation efficiency in tissue-specific cells of five species from across three families of tropical frogs: poison frogs (Dendrobatidae), cryptic forest/poison frogs (Aromobatidae), and glassfrogs (Centrolenidae). These species are well known for their diverse social behaviors and intriguing physiologies that coordinate chemical defenses, aposematism, and/or tissue transparency. Specifically, we examine the effects of electrical pulse and injection parameters on species- and tissue-specific transfection of plasmid DNA in tadpoles. After electroporation of a plasmid encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP), we found strong GFP fluorescence within brain and muscle cells that increased with the amount of DNA injected and electrical pulse number. We discuss species-related challenges, troubleshooting, and outline ideas for improvement. Extending in vivo electroporation to non-model amphibian species could provide new opportunities for exploring topics in genetics, behavior, and organismal biology.
Social prescribing and students: A scoping review protocol
Authors: Muhl Caitlin , Wadge Stephanie , Hussein Tarek
Published: August 2023

Across the globe, student champions are building the social prescribing student movement. Given the numerous linkages between social prescribing and students, there is a need to understand the extent and type of evidence on social prescribing and students. Doing so will address an important gap in the literature, as there are no evidence reviews on this topic. Thus, this scoping review aims to understand the extent and type of evidence on social prescribing and students. This review will be conducted in accordance with the JBI methodology for scoping reviews and will be reported in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The search strategy will aim to locate both published and unpublished literature. No language or date restrictions will be placed on the search. The databases to be searched include MEDLINE (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), Embase (Ovid), PsycINFO (Ovid), AMED (Ovid), ASSIA (ProQuest), Sociological Abstracts (ProQuest), Global Health (Ovid), Web of Science (Clarivate), Epistemonikos, JBI EBP Database (Ovid), and Cochrane Library. Sources of gray literature to be searched include Google, Google Scholar, Social Care Online (Social Care Institute for Excellence), SIREN Evidence and Resource Library (Social Interventions Research and Evaluation Network), and websites of social prescribing organizations and networks. Additionally, a request for evidence sources will be sent out to members of the Global Social Prescribing Student Council. Two independent reviewers will perform title and abstract screening, retrieval and assessment of full-text evidence sources, and data extraction. Data analysis will consist of basic descriptive analysis. Results will be presented in tabular and/or diagrammatic format alongside a narrative summary.
Antecedents for online food delivery platform leading to continuance usage intention via e-word-of-mouth review adoption
Authors: Alghamdi Saleh Yahya , Kaur Sumeet , Qureshi Karishma M. , Almuflih Ali Saeed , Almakayeel Naif , Alsulamy Saleh , Qureshi Mohamed Rafik N.
Published: August 2023

The focus of hospitality initially was on ambience and novelty to attract customers. With the rise of the digital revolution, the hospitality industry has also undergone significant change. Long-distance travel at the workplace, odd working hours, and a variety of food options have driven people staying in Indian metropolises towards online food delivery (OFD) services. The popularity of OFD services has risen because of their practicality, simplicity, and a rise in consumer confidence in digital payments. Specifically, for the food industry, digitalization has opened new horizons to capture customers. The competition is not among the big brands, but big brands are competing with homemakers who run tiffin services, and street food hawkers who claim to provide traditional Dhaba-style food and fast food. The customers are loaded with unlimited options to choose the food in terms of price, cuisine, quality, etc. The present research examines the associations between service quality of OFD services, perceived ease of use, and word-of-mouth review adoption, leading to expectation confirmation modeling. The path analysis was carried out using data from 500 Indian respondents residing in Tier-I cities who have been using OFD services regularly. The research outcome shows that servqual has a positive influence on perceived ease of use and confirmation. Additionally, it encourages continued usage intentions because of its favorable impact on the adoption of e-word-of-mouth reviews.
Effects of high intensity interval training versus moderate intensity continuous training on exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with heart failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gu Shengyuan , Du Xinchao , Wang Dongwei , Yu Yaohua , Guo Shifang
Published: August 2023

Introduction and aims

High intensity interval training (HIIT) is considered as an alternative exercise modality to moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) for heart failure (HF) patients. Yet a growing number of trials demonstrated inconsistent findings about the effectiveness of HIIT versus MICT until SMARTEX study and OptimEx-Clin study have made a consistent negative conclusion that HIIT was not superior to MICT. The aim of this study was to conduct a meta-analysis involving a subgroup analysis of total exercise time (TET) and disease categories of HF to investigate if TET could affect the superiority of HIIT when compared with MICT.

Methods and results

An electronic literature search of Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and ClinicalTrials.gov was performed for this review. 16 studies of 661 patients were finally pooled into quantitative synthesis. The weighted mean difference (WMD) and standard mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for quantitative synthesis of outcomes. HIIT was superior to MICT in improving peak oxygen consumption (Peak VO2) (WMD: 1.68 ml · kg-1· min-195% CI: 0.81 to 2.55 n = 661). The subgroup analysis of TET showed that HIIT was superior to MICT in improving Peak VO2in “short time” subgroup (WMD: 1.61 ml · kg-1· min-195% CI: 0.45 to 2.77 n = 166) and in “medium time” subgroup (WMD: 1.74 ml · kg-1· min-195% CI: 0.53 to 2.95 n = 420), and that there was no significant difference between HIIT and MICT in improving Peak VO2in “long time” subgroup (WMD: 0.62 ml · kg-1· min-195% CI: -1.34 to 2.58 n = 75).

Conclusions

The superiority of HIIT to MICT in improving Peak VO2arose in a short to medium length of TET whereas it was effaced by an increment of TET. This “paradox” of TET on HIIT versus MICT might be due to the increasing poor adherence to target exercise intensity over time.

Trial registration

PROSPERO registration number:CRD42022375076.
Hadiipar - Iparpolitika
Authors: Szabó Dorottya
Published: August 2023

Az elmúlt évek eseményei, tendenciái – a koronavírusjárvány, a klímaváltozás hatásainak felerősödése, a polarizáló politikai szélsőségek térnyerése, az orosz-ukrán háború és az annak nyomán kialakuló energiaválság, etc. – rámutattak arra, hogy az előttünk álló évtizedekben a biztonság, mint közérdek újra elsődleges, de legalábbis erősebben artikulálódó szerepet fog kapni azon értékek összhangjában, melyek biztosítják a társadalmi-gazdasági rendszerek demokratikus működését.
Africa and climate justice at COP27 and beyond: impacts and solutions through an interdisciplinary lens
Authors: Williams Jhénelle , Chin-Yee Simon , Maslin Mark , Barnsley Jonathan , Costello Anthony , Lang John , McGlade Jacqueline , Mulugetta Yacob , Taylor Richard , Winning Matthew , Parikh Priti
Published: August 2023

Climate justice is not just a financial transaction to protect the environment. It needs to be seen as the protection of the most vulnerable in society after centuries of resource exploitation. African countries disproportionately face impacts of climate change on their environments, their economies, their resources and their infrastructure. This leads to greater vulnerability and increased exposure to the negative effects of a changing climate. In this article, we highlight the importance of climate justice and its role within the United Nations negotiations, and ultimately in concrete action. We discuss current climate impacts across key sectors in the African region, with a focus on health, infrastructure, food and water scarcity, energy and finance. All sectors are affected by climate change. They are interconnected and under threat. This triggers a ripple effect, where threats in one sector have a knock-on effect on other sectors. We find that the current set of intergovernmental institutions have failed to adequately address climate justice. We also contend that a siloed approach to climate action has proven to be ineffective. As we head towards the next set of negotiations (COP27), this paper argues that the economic and social conditions in Africa can be addressed through financial and collaborative support for adaptation and localised solutions, but that this will only be achieved if climate justice is prioritised by the decision makers. This needs to include a global-scale transition in how climate finance is assessed and accessed. Climate justice underpins real, effective and sustainable solutions for climate action in Africa.
A typology of Twitter interactions to effectively analyse engagement and evidence research impact
Authors: Jensen Kathrine S.H. , Taylor Megan , Williamson Sarah
Published: August 2023

In this article, we explore how Twitter engagements can demonstrate different types and extents of research impact. It can be simple to demonstrate social media activity through quantitative metrics; however, it is more complex and challenging to evidence the impact that this activity can have. We start by exploring definitions of impact and public engagement. We then present an analysis of a selection of Twitter interactions from the @BarbieReports ArtActivistBarbie account, creating a typology consisting of four categories: change tweet, cheer tweet, comment tweet and conversation tweet. These categories demonstrate different types of engagement and impact, enabling an understanding of how impact can be claimed from contextual social media analysis. This typology can be used by researchers to analyse tweet interactions in three ways: (1) as indicators of two-way engagement; (2) as evidence of impact; and (3) as part of a wider story of change and influence. The typology presented in this article is intended as a foundation which people can adapt and add to, making it an evolving tool for social media impact analysis.
El plan de estudios en Ciencias de la Información. Ajustes y desacuerdos
Authors: Bar Aníbal Roque , Díaz Juan Pablo
Published: August 2023

Este artículo se propone determinar la correspondencia entre el perfil profesional, tal como lo concibe el plan de estudios vigente en la carrera de ciencias de la información, con las demandas impuestas desde el actual paradigma disciplinar. Se tomó como unidad de análisis el Plan de Estudios de la Licenciatura en Ciencias de la Información de una universidad pública de la ciudad de Resistencia (República Argentina), el que se examinó conforme con la técnica de análisis del contenido. Los resultados muestran un trayecto formativo con una fuerte impronta técnica que lo vincula con el paradigma físico de las ciencias de la información
ABP: una experiencia metodológica en la Práctica Profesional de la Licenciatura en Nutrición en la Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas-Universidad Nacional del Litoral (FBCB-UNL)
Authors: Olivera Jorgelina , Celeghin Adelina , Ravelli Sandra
Published: August 2023

La propuesta metodológica Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP) se ha convertido en una alternativa atractiva para efectuar cambios en los modelos educativos de la educación superior. A través del ABP se puede promover el desarrollo del pensamiento crítico, la capacidad de resolución de problemas, la empatía, la gestión de emociones y las habilidades de comunicación. Sin embargo, este proceso no ocurre de manera espontánea, es necesario tomar en consideración los aspectos del modelo que pueden influir en el nivel de logro cuando se tiene el objetivo de mejorar estas competencias en la formación universitaria. En este trabajo se describe la experiencia en el aula de Práctica Profesional (PP) de la carrera Licenciatura en Nutrición (LN) de la FBCB- UNL, acercando a los alumnos a una nueva alternativa de aprendizaje autorregulado y autodirigido con el fin de adquirir y afianzar conocimientos previos y/o nuevos. La propuesta que se trabajó de manera áulica se sumó a las prácticas en terreno con el fin de favorecer la formación del futuro egresado, brindando herramientas para el desempeño como profesional de la salud.
Recollections of Zimbabwe in the 1960s
Authors: Amanthis Judith
Published: August 2023

Recollections of Zimbabwe in the 1960s
The Role of Macro and Micro Factors in Determining Stock Price: Empirical Evidence of LQ 45 Index Companies
Authors: Sabijono Harijanto , Murni Sri , Trang Irvan , Elim Inggriani , Mangantar Maryam
Published: August 2023

This study aims to determine and analyze the influence of Profitability, Capital Structure, Exchange Rates and Interest Rates on Investment Risk and their effect on LQ 45 Index Stock Prices. The analysis was conducted on 25 LQ 45 index companies on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) using report data financial year 2012 to 2020. This study uses an explanatory design using secondary data in the form of JCI, Stock Return, Stock prices and financial report data obtained from LQ 45 Index Companies on the Indonesian Stock Exchange, as well as interest rates and exchange rates sourced from Bank Indonesia and BPS. Samples were taken by purposive sampling of 25 companies for 9 years of observation, using path analysis.  The results of the study state that Profitability has no significant effect on Investment Risk, Capital Structure has a significant effect on Investment Risk, Exchange Rates have a positive and significant effect on Investment Risk, Interest Rates have no significant effect on Investment Risk However, Capital Structure has an indirect and significant effect on Stock Price through Investment Risk as an intervening variable. Profitability has a significant positive effect on stock prices, investment risk as an intervening variable between profitability and stock prices indirectly has no significant effect. Capital structure has no significant effect on stock prices, investment risk as an intervening variable between capital structure and stock prices indirectly has no significant effect. Exchange Rate has no significant effect on Stock Price, Investment Risk as an intervening variable between Exchange Rate and Stock Price indirectly has no significant effect. Interest Rates do not have a significant effect on Stock Prices, Investment Risk as an intervening variable between Interest Rates and Stock Prices indirectly does not have a significant effect. Investment risk has no significant effect on stock prices.
Prenatal cadmium exposure has inter-generational adverse effects on Sertoli cells through the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor pathway
Authors: Li Xiaoqin , Lu Zhilan , Du Xiushuai , Ye Youbin , Zhu Jianlin , Li Yuchen , Liu Jin , Zhang Wenchang
Published: August 2023

In brief

Exposure to cadmium (Cd) during pregnancy can potentially harm the reproductive system of male offspring. This article shows that pregnant woman should be protected from cadmium exposure.

Exposure to cadmium (Cd) during pregnancy can potentially harm the reproductive system of male offspring, although the full extent of its heritable effects remains partially unresolved. In this study, we examined the inter-generational impacts of Cd using a distinct male-lineage generational model. Pregnant Sprague–Dawley female rats (F0) were administered control or cadmium chloride (0.5, 1 and 2 mg/day) via intra-gastric administration from gestation day 1 to 20. Subsequently, the first filial generation (F1) male rats were mated with untreated females (not exposed to Cd) to produce the second filial generation (F2). Histopathological analysis of the F1 and F2 generations revealed abnormal testicular development, while ultrastructural examination indicated damage to Sertoli cells. Cd exposure also led to alterations in serum hormone levels (gonadotropin-releasing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone) and reduced follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) protein expression in Sertoli cells in the F1 generation. Furthermore, Cd affected the mRNA and protein expression of FSHR pathway factors and DNA methyltransferase, albeit with distinct patterns and inconsistencies observed between the F1 and F2 generations. Overall, our findings indicate that prenatal Cd exposure, using a male-lineage transmission model, can induce inter-generational effects on male reproduction, particularly by causing toxicity in Sertoli cells. This effect appears to be primarily mediated through disruptions in the FSHR pathway and changes in DNA methyltransferase activity in the male testes.
Viabilidad económica y financiera de la producción de miel en Oaxaca
Authors: Ramírez Mijangos Karen Tonantzi , Palacios-Rangel María Isabel , Ocampo Ledesma Jorge Gustavo
Published: August 2023

En el sureste de México se encuentran algunos de los estados más pobres del país, los habitantes de estas regiones han encontrado en la apicultura una importante fuente de ingresos que no requiere de una inversión significativa para desarrollar la actividad, y aunque no siempre obtienen ingresos suficientes para cubrir sus costos, continúan realizándola como parte de sus estrategias de reproducción social, a través de las cuales adquieren ingresos de diferentes fuentes. En este trabajo se realiza un análisis de costos de dos unidades de producción representativas (UPR). Este tipo de estudio es útil para el seguimiento de las actividades de las empresas y permite tomar decisiones que repercuten directamente en sus beneficios. El objetivo fue estimar los costos de operación de dos UPR en la Sierra Sur de Oaxaca, la OAAP300, conformada por productores de miel orgánica, que trabajan con 300 colmenas, con un rendimiento de 35 kg y un precio de $59.00. Y la OAAP50, integrada por productores de miel convencional, quienes cuentan con 50 colmenas y un rendimiento de 25 kg, a un precio de $63.50. Esto demuestra que ambas URP pueden asumir sus necesidades de efectivo para cubrir sus costos de operación, y aunque ambas son aparentemente rentables, la OAAP50 es más sensible a los precios bajos y sacrifica parte de sus utilidades para sostenerse, considerando el trabajo familiar como una actividad no remunerada.
Effect of thermochemical treatment on the physicochemical properties of fiber hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) by-product
Authors: Žiūra Kęstutis , Zvicevičius Egidijus , Černiauskienė Živilė , Tilvikienė Vita , Bakšinskaitė Aušra , Pilipavičius Jurgis
Published: August 2023

The growing demand for biomass is forcing attention toward alternative resources, including agricultural by-products such as fiber hemp (Cannabis sativa L.). Growing hemp for seed produces about 10 tons of dry matter by-products per hectare. Processing-conversion technologies used in practice change the properties of primary raw materials, give them higher added value, and prepare them for various needs. In addition to economic benefits, biochar contributes to carbon sequestration and increases the sustainability of agricultural production. This study evaluated the effect of thermochemical treatment in an oxygen-free environment on some physicochemical properties of the fiber hemp by-products of the Felina 32 variety. At a heating temperature of 700 °C, the biomass yield of biochar from stems was 28.4 ± 0.5% and from seed husks was 30.6 ± 0.6%. At that time, the carbon concentration in fiber hemp stems biochar increased 1.82 times, from 45.0 ± 2.26% to 81.9 ± 8.46%, and in seed husk biochar by 1.20 times, from 56.5 ± 11, 6% to 67.9 ± 7.47%. Furthermore, the changes in the fractional composition, density, calorific value, ash content, and ash melting characteristics that occurred during the conversion of primary raw material of fiber hemp into biochar were evaluated.
Seudoartrosis recalcitrante de húmero: técnica de reconstrucción biológica
Authors: Caloia Martín , Meritano Alejandro , González Scotti Diego , Ronconi Sergio , Serur María Emilia , Caloia Hugo , Chamorro Gerónimo , Guevara Herrera Gonzalo , Laboranti Agustina
Published: August 2023

Introducción: La incidencia de seudoartrosis en las fracturas de húmero tratadas de forma conservadora es del 2-10%, y del 15% en aquellas operadas. La definición de seudoartrosis recalcitrante es aún tema de debate. El objetivo es comunicar los resultados de una serie de pacientes con seudoartrosis recalcitrante de húmero tratados con osteosíntesis estable y reconstrucción biológica con aloinjerto mediante una nueva técnica de montaje.

Materiales y Métodos: La serie incluyó a 33 pacientes evaluados entre 2012 y 2021, 20 mujeres y 13 hombres (edad promedio 65.4 años). El tiempo de evolución de la seudoartrosis recalcitrante era de 33.3 meses. Todos tuvieron un seguimiento promedio de 33.2 meses.

Resultados: Treinta y dos de los 33 pacientes tratados con esta técnica (97%) tuvieron una consolidación completa y uno, una parcial. El período de consolidación promedio fue de 4.6 meses y el de osteointegración completa del aloinjerto, de 8.1 meses. Para la evaluación funcional se consideraron la escala analógica visual, el puntaje ASES, el puntaje de Constant-Murley y los arcos de movilidad del codo.

Conclusiones: El manejo de las seudoartrosis recalcitrantes de húmero sigue siendo un dilema y un problema no resuelto aún para los cirujanos experimentados. La combinación entre el uso de un material de osteosíntesis específico sumado al aloinjerto óseo fijado con tornillos aumenta considerablemente la estabilidad mecánica, permite una movilidad precoz, y actúa como un andamio osteoinductor y osteoconductor vital para la consolidación.
Using maps of the former austrian cadastre on the scale of 1:2880 to analyse the data in the land and building registry
Authors: Doroż Arkadiusz , Rymarczyk Michał , Bożek Piotr
Published: August 2023

The aim of the paper was to present the possibility of processing cadastral data in order to obtain material that could serve as a valuable source of information in the analysis of the current state of records. The paper presents a methodology for processing cadastral data, which provides material that can be compared with data from the Land and Buildings Register (EGiB).
The research area was the Niedzieliska cadastral precinct, located in the municipality of Szczurowa, in the Brzesko district, in the Małopolskie Voivodeship. Based on processed cadastral data and data contained in the EGiB database, the paper determines the differences in the area for 15 cadastral parcels. A comparison of the two records showed that cadastral data allow for analysis of the current state. The implemented methodology confirmed the usefulness of archived cadastral documentation in the analysis of the current state contained in the Land and Building Register. The analysis of the obtained results showed that the differences in the area of the cadastral state and the area of the cadastral parcels exceeded 10% in none of the cases, and the average difference did not exceed 0.0075 ha.
The developed output material can be applied to detect discrepancies and differences between the source data and the current data contained in the EGiB. This makes it possible to identify areas where the causes of discrepancies need to be explained and the necessary corrections need to be made to remove the discrepancies.
MODELO PARA EL PROCESO DE AUTOFORMACIÓN EN LA ENSEÑANZA APRENDIZAJE DE LA INGENIERÍA DE SOFTWARE
Authors: Conde Ivet Espinosa , Batista Raquel Diéguez , Espinosa Yulkeydis Martínez
Published: August 2023

El presente trabajo se realiza teniendo en cuenta los resultados de la aplicación de instrumentos diagnósticos: observación al proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de la Ingeniería de Software en la carrera Ingeniería Informática de la Universidad de Ciego de Ávila, cuestionario a estudiantes y entrevista a profesores; donde se revelan limitaciones para la solución de tareas que requieren del enriquecimiento autónomo del conocimiento. La aplicación de métodos científicos como análisis, síntesis, inductivo, deductivo y de sistematización de información, posibilitó constatar carencias teóricas para la transformación del proceso. Por tanto, el objetivo se direcciona a elaborar un modelo de la dinámica del proceso de autoformación del estudiante en la enseñanza aprendizaje de la Ingeniería de Software, teniendo en cuenta la relación entre la auto-apropiación de contenidos y la auto-concientización. En general, se desarrolló una investigación con un enfoque metodológico exploratorio, descriptivo y explicativo (mixto). El modelo de autoformación obtenido se concreta en la interactividad teórico práctica, desde la lógica integradora que se produce entre la auto-apropiación de contenidos y la auto-concientización que logra el estudiante en la sistematización formativa. El impacto de la propuesta se expresa en su aplicación en la construcción de aportes prácticos para su instrumentación en la práctica docente.
EGZOZ ATIK ISISINDAN TERMOELEKTRİK MODÜL İLE ELEKTRİK ÜRETİMİ
Authors: SEYYAR Burak , TIKIZ İsmet
Published: August 2023

Bu çalışmada, yakıtın kimyasal enerjisinden ısı enerjisine dönüşümü ve ısı enerjisinden mekanik enerjiye dönüşüm sağlanan içten yanmalı motorlarda kayıp olarak atmosfere verilen ısı enerjisinin kullanılabilir hale getirmek için bir atık ısı geri dönüşüm sistemi incelenmiştir. İçten yanmalı motordan elde edilen sıcak egzoz gazlarından termoelektrik modül (TEM) ile elektrik enerjisine dönüştürülen bir termoelektrik jeneratör (TEJ) tasarımı yapılmıştır. TEM’in yüzeyleri arasındaki sıcaklık farkını artırmak için modülün soğuk yüzeyini atmosfere açık olarak düşünmek yerine soğuk su eşanjörü tasarımı yapılmış ve su akımı sağlanmıştır. Hesaplamalı Akışkanlar Dinamiği (HAD) yöntemi ile TEM’in yüzeylerindeki sıcaklıklar tespit edilmiştir. Tespit edilen yüzey sıcaklıkları TEM’in sınır koşullarını oluşturmuş ve bu sıcaklıklara göre analizi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen analiz sonucunda 39,35 W güç elde edilmiştir.
X-RAY GÖĞÜS GÖRÜNTÜLERİNİN GÖRÜNTÜ DÖNÜŞTÜRÜCÜLER İLE SINIFLANDIRILMASI VE COVİD-19 TESPİTİ
Authors: CİVİL Dilek , OZTİMUR KARADAG Ozge
Published: August 2023

2019 yılında dünya çapında pandemi ilan edilmesine sebep olan COVİD-19 virüsü, bulaştığı bazı kişilerde hastalığın çok hızlı ilerlemesi sebebi ile çok ciddi sağlık problemlerine, hatta ölümlere neden olmuştur. Hastalığın hızlı teşhisi bu olumsuz durumların ortaya çıkmasını engellemek için büyük önem arz etmiştir. X-Ray göğüs görüntüleri, Bilgisayarlı Tomografi (BT) vb. gibi tıbbi görüntüleme yöntemleri covid-19 un tespit edilmesinde önemli rol oynamıştır. Derin öğrenme yöntemleri, insan faktörünü ve insandan kaynaklı hata payını minimuma indirerek üstün görüntü analizi yeteneğini kanıtlamıştır. Bu çalışmada, son dönemlerde bilgisayarlı görü uygulamalarında öne çıkan görüntü dönüştürücülerin (Vision Transformers, VIT) X-ray göğüs görüntüleri üzerinde Covid-19 tespiti için kullanılması önerilmiştir. Önerilen sistemin eğitim ve test performansı literatürde yaygın kullanılan bir Konvolüsyonel Sinir Ağı, Resnet50, ile ayrıntılı olarak karşılaştırılarak analiz edilmiştir. Ayrıca VİT mimarisinin etkinliği doğruluk, kesinlik, hassasiyet ve F1 skoru kriterleri aracılığı ile Resnet50’nin yanı sıra COVİD-19’un çok sınıflı veri kümelerinde başarı gösterdiği kaydedilen VGG16 ve InceptionV3 mimarileri ile de karşılaştırılmıştır. Deneyler sonucunda VİT mimarisinin öğrenme aktarımı yöntemi ile eğitilen Resnet50 ve VGG16 mimarilerinden daha iyi performans gösterdiği ve InceptionV3 ile başa baş sonuçlar elde ettiği gözlemlenmiş ve COVİD-19 tespitinde alternatif bir karar destek sistemi olarak kullanılabileceği tespit edilmiştir.
Community Treatment Orders for Patients with Psychosis in a London Mental Health Service: A Target Trial Emulation v1
Authors: C Yang Justin
Published: August 2023

Background:Community Treatment Orders (CTOs) were introduced in the UK through the Mental Health Act 2007, allowing physicians to discharge patients with severe mental health disorders into the community under supervised and compulsory treatment. The Oxford Community Treatment Order Evaluation Trial (OCTET) in 2013 did not find CTOs effective in reducing overall hospital admissions compared to Section 17 leave. However, CTOs continue to be used in the UK. This study aims to employ a target trial emulation framework using observational data from electronic health records to estimate the causal effect of CTOs on rehospitalisation. Methods:Data will be sourced from the Camden & Islington NHS Foundation Trust (C&I) Clinical Record Interactive Search (CRIS) research database, serving the boroughs of Camden and Islington. The study will focus on patients detained for inpatient treatment, aged 18-65 years, diagnosed with a psychotic disorder. Exposures include patients discharged on CTO or Section 17 post-inpatient hospitalisation. Primary outcomes focus on hospital admissions during a 12-month follow-up after discharge. Secondary outcomes encompass time to first readmission, number of readmissions, overall hospital stay duration, and scores on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF). Confounders such as age, sex, ethnicity, living situation, and clinical history will be considered. Statistical analyses will be aligned with the OCTET study, using various regression models. Discussion:The use of electronic health records for research poses challenges due to data quality, as these records are not primarily collected for research purposes. The study will employ a complete case analysis for confounders, anticipating no issues with missing data for exposure and outcomes. Ethical considerations are covered under a blanket ethics approval, and data minimisation will be observed to ensure patient anonymity and data security.
U54 SCENT Normal Lung Surgical Tissue Collection Procedure v1
Authors: Glass Carolyn
Published: August 2023

This document outlines the required criteria for inclusion and collection of lung tissue obtained by surgical resection at Duke University Hospital through the Biorepository and Precision Pathology Center (BPRC) in the Department of Pathology.
U54 SCENT Intracellular Staining (ICS) Senescence Flow Cytometry Panel v1
Authors: R Healy Zachary
Published: August 2023

This protocol describes the Intracellular Staining (ICS) Senescence Flow Cytometry Panel
Perspectiva histórica sobre el declive de la economía venezolana
Authors: Olivo Víctor
Published: August 2023

El documento busca distinguir los elementos más importantes para explicar el colapso de la economía venezolana a partir de 2015. Se analizan las cifras macroeconómicas más relevantes para describir los determinantes de la crisis venezolana, con información desde 1950 o 1960 de acuerdo con la disponibilidad. A su vez, se labora la narrativa detrás del comportamiento de estos indicadores, particularmente durante los años previos a la crisis. El episodio registrado luego de 2015 se resume en una contracción económica y una aceleración inflacionaria sin precedentes en América Latina. Este se apalanca en la frágil institucionalidad fiscal-monetaria instaurada desde la nacionalización del petróleo. La caída del ingreso petrolero luego de 2004 no detuvo el crecimiento del gasto público, de modo que el chavismo terminó fundamentando su sistema económico en una indisciplina fiscal-monetaria que se hizo paso entre reformas legales que facilitaron el financiamiento monetario de la gestión fiscal, autorizando el otorgamiento de préstamos del BCV a una PDVSA que fue utilizada para actividades parafiscales. La evidencia empírica señala que los controles de precio, de cambio y de tasas de interés acompañados de una política fiscal y monetaria expansiva derivó en una caída del producto potencial.
Superando una vieja enemistad: El Principio de Legalidad, la Lex Constructionis y la supletoriedad coactiva en los contratos de Obra Pública
Authors: Collantes Rojas Christian
Published: August 2023

En el presente trabajo, el autor pretende evidenciar, a través de casos concretos, que la costumbre en el sector construcción (Lex Constructionis) se encuentra cada vez más inmersa en la Administración Pública. Ello al punto de ser reconocida como fuente normativa supletoria en los contratos de obra pública por la propia Ley de Contrataciones del Estado, superando la idea de que la costumbre no tiene cabida en el Derecho Público. Asimismo, el autor sostiene que la costumbre en la industria de la construcción no ha vulnerado en modo alguno el principio de legalidad que rige los contratos de obra pública, sino que, por el contrario, la ha nutrido y fortalecido en beneficio del interés público y de los administrados, quienes son, finalmente, los usuarios finales de la infraestructura pública.
Inversiones en ambiente a través del mecanismo de Obras por Impuestos
Authors: Villanueva Caceres Gabriela
Published: August 2023

El Ministerio del Ambiente ha identificado que existen millones de hectáreas de ecosistemas degradados que brindan servicios ecosistémicos que requieren ser recuperados. Esta problemática constituye una brecha de infraestructura natural, que requiere ser atendida por las autoridades a fin de establecer acciones para promover inversiones en conservación de ecosistemas. Una alternativa para la reducción de esta brecha es la aplicación del mecanismo de Obras por impuestos. Esta es una modalidad, implementada desde el año 2009, que permite mediante la ejecución de inversión pública contar con infraestructura y servicios de calidad a partir de la cooperación del sector público y privado. Aunque ha operado con éxito, contribuyendo al cierre de brechas prioritarias de infraestructura y servicios a nivel nacional, no suele ser empleado para la ejecución de inversiones en ambiente. Por ello, este artículo analiza la potencialidad de la aplicación de las Obras por Impuestos como mecanismo para cerrar las brechas de infraestructura ambiental.
Undergraduate students’ differential performance in introductory course to guidance and counselling at Delta State University, Abraka
Authors: Uloku Ossai Peter Agbadobi
Published: August 2023

The study examined the differential performance of guidance and counselling and non-guidance and counselling students. The two categories of students received tuition in EDUCATION 402, an introductory course in guidance and counselling. Additionally, guidance and counselling students took other counselling courses in pursuance of their bachelor’s degree. The counterparts from the departments of Educational Management and Foundations as well as Library and Information Science, relied on the knowledge of the introductory course in guidance and counselling. Descriptive survey design was employed in the study. A sample size of 121 students (50 from guidance and counselling department, 32 from Educational Management and Foundations, 39 from Library and Information Science) was drawn from the population of  final year students (2020/2021 session) Faculty of Education, Delta State University, Abraka, A 3-item essay test items was the instrument the students responded to. The statistical tool was the independent samples t-test. The data analysed showed statistical significance in favour of guidance and counselling students. This is attributable to their knowledge of other courses in guidance and counselling. It is hereby recommended that students from other departments should be encouraged to take more courses in counselling to enhance their academic performances.
A/E/C Graphics Standard : Release 2.2
Authors: Spangler Stephen , Fujan Roger , Piotrowski Gerald , Baker Brian
Published: August 2023

The A/E/C Graphics Standard Release 2.2 has been developed by the Computer-Aided Design/Building Information Modeling Technology Center to document how proper hand-drafting practices can be achieved in advanced modeling. It is through the collection and documentation of these practices that consistent models and drawings shall be achieved throughout the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), as well as other federal agencies. In the collection of these practices, various historical USACE District drafting manuals were consulted and compared against practices contained in industry and national standards, with consideration toward whether software can achieve those practices. The documentation of these practices will help to achieve both clear and aesthetically pleasing construction documents.
Tendencia a la resistencia antimicrobiana de enterobacterias durante el periodo 2018 - 2021 en el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño San Borja INSN
Authors:   , Conde Roldan Carlos Alfredo
Published: August 2023

INTRODUCCIÓN: La resistencia antimicrobiana (RAM) es un grave problema para la salud pública en el país, se conoce muy poco sobre la tendencia de la resistencia microbiana en el periodo 2018 a 2021, debido a la pandemia. Esto generaría mayor morbimortalidad, aumentaría los costos y elevaría las complicaciones nosocomiales. OBJETIVO: Determinar la tendencia de la resistencia antimicrobiana en las enterobacterias aisladas en pacientes atendidos en INSNSB y delimitar los tipos de aislamientos implicados en el proceso. MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo, se analizó de forma comparativa los aislamientos de los pacientes hospitalizados durante el periodo 2018 – 2021. Se utilizaron proporciones de sensibilidad y resistencia a Enterobacterias. Para evaluar la asociación en el periodo se usó Chi cuadrado. RESULTADOS: De 1006 muestras microbiológicas la mayor parte fue encontrado en preescolares varones (53.38%) de los cuales se aisló un 49.11% de Escherichia, 32.21% de Klebsiella y 9.44% de Enterobacter. Se encontró una asociación con la frecuencia del nivel de resistencia con el tipo de muestra, genero de Enterobacterias y aislamientos antimicrobianos (p<0.001). Además de una tendencia con una fluctuación bimodal siendo esta diferencia significativa tanto en categorías como en periodos. CONCLUSIONES: Se demostró que hay una fuerte asociación entre los niveles de resistencia antimicrobiana MDR y XDR y las Enterobacterias en el periodo de inicio de la pandemia por COVID-19 en los pacientes del INSNSB.
Producción científica sobre telemedicina en América Latina: un análisis bibliométrico
Authors:   , Huerta Payhua Stephanie Karol
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: Describir la producción de investigación científica sobre telemedicina en Latinoamérica publicada en SciELO y Scopus mediante indicadores bibliométricos de producción, colaboración e impacto. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos Scopus y Scielo a través de Web of Science. De forma independiente, se descartaron los documentos no relevantes utilizando Rayyan. Se identificaron los tipos de documentos y fuentes, año de publicación, países de afiliación más productivos, red de coautoría entre países, instituciones y revistas más productivas, palabras clave más utilizadas, co-ocurrencia de palabras clave, autores más productivos. Se analizaron indicadores de frecuencia mediante la función de tablas dinámicas de Microsoft Excel; el Índice h y los indicadores de coautoría y coocurrencias mediante el software Publish or Perish y VOSviewer respectivamente. Resultados: Se encontraron 1969 artículos publicados entre 1974 y 2022, consistiendo mayormente de artículos de investigación (85,39%) procedentes de revistas (99,70%) con inglés como idioma de publicación (74,15%). El 79,58% fue publicado en la última década (2011-2021). El 46,57% y 22,70% tiene afiliación a Brasil y los Estados Unidos. En el análisis de coautoría Brasil obtiene la mayor fuerza total de enlace, seguido por los Estados Unidos. Conclusión: Brasil es el mayor contribuidor a la investigación científica de telemedicina en Latinoamérica. Encabeza a los países de afiliación con el mayor número de documentos afiliados y número de citaciones asociadas, con la mayor fuerza total de enlace en términos de coautoría; asimismo, brindando las instituciones y los autores con el mayor número de estudios publicados.
Nivel de conocimiento y aceptabilidad del condón femenino por parte de las mujeres en edad fértil entre 18 y 40 años en centros de salud del primer nivel de atención de Chorrillos en el año 2023
Authors:   , Ore Campos Brenda Araceli , Azcarate Durand Alexia Fernanda
Published: August 2023

Introducción: Existen investigaciones que muestran que las mujeres no tienen suficiente información para tomar decisiones en relación con su salud sexual, lo que las hace vulnerables a realizar conductas sexuales de riesgo. Objetivos: Identificar el nivel de conocimiento y aceptabilidad del condón femenino en mujeres en edad fértil entre 18 y 40 años en Centros de Salud del primer nivel de atención de Chorrillos en el año 2023. Materiales y Métodos: es un estudio primario de tipo observacional, descriptivo, transversal y analítico en el mes de Abril del año 2023. La población que se evaluará estará conformada por mujeres en edad fértil entre 18 y 40 años que acuden a los Centros de Salud del primer nivel de atención de Chorrillos en el año 2023. Resultados: Se encontró que el ser creyente se relacionó con tener poco conocimiento sobre el uso del condón femenino. Mientras que, la soltería de las mujeres encuestadas se relacionó con una buena actitud hacia el condón femenino. Conclusiones: el estado civil de soltera de las mujeres encuestadas se relacionó con una buena actitud hacia el condón femenino, mientras que, la creencia en alguna religión se relacionó con un menor conocimiento sobre el uso del condón femenino.
Performance of CA_Markov and DINAMICA EGO models to evaluate urban risk in Antofagasta and Mejillones, Chile
Authors: Henriquez Cristian , Pontius Robert Gilmore
Published: August 2023

The rapid growth of cities worldwide is a phenomenon that has generated numerous debates about the effects it could have on the environment and society. An issue that has not been well addressed in the literature is the relationship between expected urban growth and risks to natural hazards. The relationship is an important aspect for planning because urban expansion is uncertain. In this sense, land change simulation models can be useful tools to address this uncertainty, because simulation models can produce growth scenarios, which allow anticipation of exposure to natural threats. This article compares two land change simulation models: the CA_Markov model in the Selva version of IDRISI and the DINAMICA EGO model. We apply both models to extrapolate areas of future urban gain in the coastal cities of Antofagasta and Mejillones, where there is high exposure to tsunamis, mudslides, and steep slopes. The models can extrapolate differently in terms of both quantity and spatial allocation of urban gain depending on the parameter settings. CA_Markov projected urban growth adjacent to existing urban patches, while DINAMICA EGO simulates greater dispersion and fragmentation given our parameter settings. We conclude that if modelers understand the models’ behaviors, then applying these spatially explicit models to natural risks opens great prospects for urban planning and risk management, especially in countries highly exposed to dangerous natural events, such as in the case of Chile.
Serplulimab plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma: A cost-effectiveness analysis from China
Authors: Shen Jian , Xie Jinping , Jiang Rong , Shao Rong
Published: August 2023

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of serplulimab plus chemotherapy versus chemotherapy alone as first-line treatment for advanced or metastatic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) with PD-L1 expression of ≥ 1% in China.
Materials and methods
A partitioned survival model was developed based on the ASTRUM-007 clinical trial, which showed that serplulimab plus chemotherapy improved overall survival and progression-free survival compared with chemotherapy alone. Costs and utilities were obtained from the literature and the Chinese healthcare system perspective was adopted. Outcomes included costs, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the model uncertainty.
Results
In the overall population and the subgroup with PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) ≥ 10, serplulimab plus chemotherapy resulted in higher costs and QALYs than chemotherapy alone. The ICERs for serplulimab plus chemotherapy were US$ 68,828.52 per QALY and US$ 71,343.43 per QALY, respectively, which were above the willingness-to-pay threshold of US$ 39,850.27 per QALY in China. Sensitivity analyses showed that the utility of progression-free survival was the most influential parameter.
Conclusion
Serplulimab plus chemotherapy was not a cost-effective option compared with chemotherapy alone for treating advanced ESCC with PD-L1 expression of ≥ 1% in China, from the perspective of the healthcare system.
Root growth and belowground interactions in spring wheat - faba bean intercrops
Authors: Hadir Sofia , Döring Thomas F. , Justes Eric , Demie Dereje T. , Paul Madhuri R. , Legner Nicole , Kemper Roman , Gaiser Thomas , Weedon Odette , Ewert Frank , Seidel Sabine J.
Published: August 2023

Background and Aims: Intercrops offer multiple advantages over sole crops. However, little is known about the mechanisms that govern the belowground interactions between mixed species. The aim of our study was to characterize root growth and interactions in spring wheat-faba bean intercrops for different sowing densities and spring wheat cultivars, evaluating the potential belowground interactions that governs resource capture.
Material and Methods: A field experiment was conducted with one faba bean cultivar and two spring wheat cultivars sown at three sowing densities. Destructive root coring was conducted (0-100 cm) in the intercrops and sole crops at two development stages. The root samples were processed to assess the root mass, root length density, and root carbon and nitrogen concentrations. FTIR spectroscopy was used to discriminate the species’ root masses.
Results: Root mass advantage of intercrops was observed for both cultivars and both development stages especially in the topsoil layers (0-20cm). A negative impact of intercropping on root mass was observed in the treatment with high total sowing density. Complementarity and cooperation were stronger than competition in the topsoil, but competition dominated root growth in the deeper soil layers. Lower sowing densities encouraged deep rooting of wheat (both cultivars) in intercropping. The early root dominance of one spring wheat cultivar impacted negatively faba bean root growth.
Conclusion: Total root mass was affected more by sowing density and less by the spring wheat cultivar in this experiment. An improved understanding of root growth in intercrops can help to support yield advantages and the design of sustainable intercropping systems.