bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Randomized Controlled Trial of Enteral Vitamin D Supplementation (ViDES) in Infants <28 Weeks Gestational Age or <1000 Grams Birth Weight: Study Protocol
Authors: Romero-Lopez Mar , Tyson Jon E , Naik Mamta , Pedroza Claudia , Holzapfel Lindsay F , Avritscher Elenir , Mosquera Ricardo , Khan Amir , Rysavy Matthew
Published: June 2024

Background
Vitamin D is necessary to develop healthy lungs and other organs early in life. Most infants born before 28 weeks’ gestation have low vitamin D levels at birth and a limited intake during the first month. Enteral vitamin D supplementation is inexpensive and widely used. The appropriate supplementation regimen for extremely preterm infants is controversial, and the effect of different regimens on their blood levels and outcomes is unclear.
Methods
Randomized, blinded comparative effectiveness trial to compare two vitamin D supplementation regimens for inborn infants <28 weeks gestation or <1000 grams birth weight at a large academic center in the United States.
Infants are stratified by birth weight and randomized within 96 hours after birth to either routine supplementation (400 IU/day with established feedings) or increased supplementation (800 IU/day with any feedings) during the first 28 days after birth.
We hypothesize that the higher and early vitamin D dose (800 IU/d with early feeding) compared to placebo plus routine dose (400 IU/d with established feeding) will substantially increase total 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 levels measured as state-of-art at one month, reduce respiratory support at 36 weeks’ postmenstrual age (on an ordinal scale predictive of later adverse outcomes) and improve or at least not worsen other important secondary outcomes. The infants in the study will follow up at 22-26 months’ corrected age (~2 years) with blinded certified examiners to evaluate neurodevelopmental outcomes.
The sample size of a minimum of 180 infants provides >90% power to detect a >95% posterior probability of a 33% increase in serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 and >80% power to detect a >80% posterior probability of a relative risk decrease of 20% of reducing respiratory support by intention-to-treat Bayesian analyses using a neutral prior probability.
Discussion
Our study will help clarify the uncertain relationship of vitamin D supplementation and its associated serum metabolites to clinical outcomes of extremely preterminfants. Confirmation of our hypotheses would prompt reconsideration of the supplementation regimens used in extremely preterm infants and justify a large multicenter study to verify the generalizability of the results.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov registered on July 14, 2022 (NCT05459298)
Assessing the impact of climate change on solar energy production in Italy
Authors: Bonanno Riccardo , Collino Elena
Published: June 2024

This study assesses climate change's impact on solar energy production in Italy until 2100, focusing on solar radiation, temperature, and photovoltaic (PV) energy production through capacity factor. Regional climate models (RCMs) from Euro-CORDEX, which incorporate time-evolving aerosols, are utilized for accurate future solar radiation trend estimations under various Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) scenarios. Bias correction, employing SARAH-3 for solar radiation and MERIDA reanalysis for temperature data, enhances the capacity factor accuracy.
Solar radiation exhibits a slight decline under RCP 2.6 but a significant increase under other RCPs, particularly in central Italy's mountains, with the Alps showing an opposite trend, especially under RCP 8.5. The temperature is projected to rise, particularly under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5, potentially affecting production efficiency and snow cover in the Alps. The decrease in snow cover may affect the diffuse component of solar radiation with a subsequent decrease predicted by Euro CORDEX RCMs.
Trend analysis reveals significant PV production decreases under RCP 8.5, especially in the Alps, due to reduced solar radiation. Despite the increase in solar radiation, most of Italy experiences decreased PV production due to rising temperatures, potentially reducing solar panel efficiency. RCP 4.5 and RCP 2.6 scenarios exhibit less pronounced capacity factor decreases, with RCP 2.6 showing the lowest climate signal magnitude.
Seasonal cycle analysis reveals variations primarily linked to changes in solar radiation throughout the year. RCP 8.5 shows significant winter production decreases, followed by slight summer increases dampened by rising temperatures. RCP 4.5 exhibits similar characteristics, with a milder winter decrease and stable production in other months, while RCP 2.6 shows a slight spring increase and generally stable production throughout the year.
Postoperative Pulmonary Complications after Major Abdominal Surgery in Elderly Patients and Its Association with Patient-Controlled Analgesia
Authors: He Qiulan , Lai Zhenyi , Peng Senyi , Lin Shiqing , Mo Guohui , Zhao Xu , Wang Zhongxing
Published: June 2024

Objectives: This study aims to identify the risk factors for postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in elderly patients undergoing major abdominal surgery and to investigate the relationship between patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) and PPCs.
Design: A retrospective study.
Method:Clinical data and demographic information of elderly patients (aged ≥60 years) who underwent upper abdominal surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from 2017 to 2019 were retrospectively collected. Patients with PPCs were identified using the Melbourne Group Scale Version 2 scoring system. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify independent risk factors for PPCs. Propensity score matching was utilized to compare PPC rates between patients with and without PCA, as well as between intravenous PCA (PCIA) and epidural PCA (PCEA) groups.
Results:A total of 1,467 patients were included, with a PPC rate of 8.7%. Multivariable analysis revealed that PCA was an independent protective factor for PPCs in elderly patients undergoing major abdominal surgery (odds ratio = 0.182, 95% confidence interval = 0.103～0.322; P < 0.001). After matching, patients receiving PCA demonstrated a significantly lower overall incidence of PPCs (8.3% vs. 24.7%, P < 0.001), unplanned transfer to the intensive care unit (1.8% vs. 8.2%, P = 0.008), and in-hospital mortality (0.4% vs. 4.1%, P = 0.024) compared to those not receiving PCA. No significant difference in outcomes was observed between patients receiving PCIA or PCEA after matching.
Conclusion:Patient-controlled analgesia, whether administered intravenously or epidurally, is associated with a reduced risk of PPCs in elderly patients undergoing major upper abdominal surgery.
Multi-omic analysis of SDHB-deficient pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas identifies metastasis and treatment-related molecular profiles
Authors: Tothill Richard , Flynn Aidan , Pattison Andrew , Balachander Shiva , Boehm Emma , Bowen Blake , Dwight Trisha , Rossello Fernando , Hofmann Oliver , Martelotto Luciano , Zethoven Magnus , Kirschner Lawrence , Else Tobias , Fishbein Lauren , Gill Anthony , Tischler Arthur , Giordano Thomas , Noble Jane , Prodanov Tamara , Reddel Roger , Trainer Alison , Ghayee Hans , Bourdeau Isabelle , Elston Marianne , Ishak Nur Diana Binte , Yie Joanne Ngeow Yuen , Hicks Rodney , Crona Joakim , Åkerström Tobias , Stålberg Peter , Dahia Patricia , Grimmond Sean , Clifton-Bligh Roderick , Pacak Karel
Published: June 2024

Hereditary SDHB-mutant pheochromocytomas (PC) and paragangliomas (PG) are rare tumours with a high propensity to metastasize although their clinical behaviour is unpredictable. To characterize the genomic landscape of these tumours and identify metastasis biomarkers, we performed multi-omic analysis on 94 tumours from 79 patients using seven molecular methods. Sympathetic (chromaffin cell) and parasympathetic (non-chromaffin cell) PCPG had distinct molecular profiles reflecting their cell-of-origin and biochemical profile. TERT and ATRX-alterations were associated with metastatic PCPG and these tumours had an increased mutation load, and distinct transcriptional and telomeric features. Most PCPG had quiet genomes with some rare co-operative driver events observed, including EPAS1/HIF-2α mutations. Two mechanisms of acquired resistance to DNA alkylating chemotherapies were also detected - MGMT overexpression and mismatch repair-deficiency causing hypermutation. Our comprehensive multi-omic analysis of SDHB-mutant PCPG therefore identified features of metastatic disease and treatment response, expanding our understanding of these rare neuroendocrine tumours.
Influential Node Detection in Social Networks for Real-World Applications
Authors: Dutta Sangita , Kule Malay , Chakraborty Susanta
Published: June 2024

Influential node detection is a crucial task in real-world networks, such as social networks, biological networks, or information networks. It helps us to understand network dynamics as well as identify important participants. A commonly used method for detecting important nodes involves the utilisation of community detection, which seeks to divide the network into clusters of nodes that reflect high levels of connectivity. The Overlapping Community Detection approach named as Internal-External overlapping Community Detection method has been proposed to find different communities. We have introduced a new factor namely Influence Detection Factor that is used to determine influential node of a network. State transition of every node occurred in a time-varying network. State transition based on the influential node can be useful for tracking different frames of every influential node with time. Dynamic Social network analysis in disease spreading is an emerging field of research. Disease Network can be considered a real-world application in various contexts. We have considered COVID-19 India data as a case study. Each node and edge is depicted as a province/district and the number of COVID-19 cases, in the network respectively. Edge Weight is calculated using our proposed metric. We have used different centrality measures, such as degree centrality, closeness centrality, betweenness centrality, etc., to compare our metrics over real-world datasets. The observations obtained through our proposed method demonstrate a significant correlation with the real-time occurrences. Experimental results of our proposed methodology demonstrate better results in comparison to other existing approaches.
Transforming Decision-Making: A Three-Phase Deployment of an Intuitionistic Fuzzy Environment
Authors: Tarray Tanveer Ahmad , Khaki Zahid Gulzar , Ganie Zahoor Ahmad , Sultan Adil
Published: June 2024

This study proposes a revolutionary approach to decision-making based on the tri-phase execution of an innovative fuzzy logic model. Our work uses a three-stage stratified random sample approach supplemented by a randomized response technique to tackle the critical challenge of minimizing variance while accounting for costs. Using the alpha-cut method, our proposed model generates an efficient allocation strategy that efficiently balances cost constraints and variance reduction goals. We present numerical examples to demonstrate our model's usefulness in real-world scenarios. Our contribution is to provide decision-makers with a comprehensive framework for enhancing data collection methods, especially when respondent privacy is crucial. Our technique, which blends fuzzy logic and randomized response approaches, presents a pioneering solution to the inherent challenges of acquiring sensitive information, while maintaining data integrity and cost-effectiveness.
A novel organic-inorganic nanohybrid, DOPO-AS@M (OH)(OCH3) (M = Co, Ni), enhances the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of epoxy resin
Authors: Duan Qiancheng , Dong Xiang , Sun Zhiyu , Dai Guowei , Li De-long , Xie Le , Liu Song
Published: June 2024

In this work, we synthesized a novel organic-inorganic hybrid, DOPO-AS@M(OH)(OCH3) (DOPO-AS@M (M = Co,Ni)), and utilized it to prepare the epoxy resin (EP) composite with enhanced flame retardancy and mechanical properties. Specifically, the DOPO-AS was synthesized using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES), salicylaldehyde (Salal), and 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide (DOPO). Subsequently, the DOPO-AS was utilized as a surface modification of the novel 2D nanosheet M(OH)(OCH3) and the obtained organic-inorganic hybrid was used to prepare the EP composites. The results showed that the addition of only 5 wt% DOPO-AS@M enabled EP to achieve the UL-94 of V-1 rating, with the limiting oxygen index (LOI) increasing from 28.7–31.0%. The peak heat release rate (pHRR) of EP/DOPO-AS@M 5% was 1007.5 kW/m2, with the reduction of 48% compared to pure EP. In addition, the elongation at break of EP/DOPO-AS@M 5% increased from 3.9–4.2%. The DOPO-AS@M nanohybrid proposed in this study providing the new solution for simultaneously enhanced the flame retardancy and mechanical properties of EP, thus broadening the application of EP in the market.
Simulation of light environments inside lunar holes and their associated subsurface caverns
Authors: Ikeya Kodai , Haruyama Junichi , Miyake Wataru , Tanaka Makoto , Toyokawa Kosei , Nozawa Hitoshi
Published: June 2024

Vertical holes of several tens of meters in diameter and depth have been discovered on the Moon, potentially serving as skylights into subsurface volcanic caverns resembling lava tubes. Because of their scientific importance and potential for use as future lunar bases, these lunar holes and caverns are expected to be targets of intensive exploration in the near future. Using numerical simulations, this study investigates the light environment within a directly and/or indirectly sunlit subsurface cavern accessed through a skylight hole. We specifically analyze the Mare Tranquillitatis Hole (MTH), one of the largest lunar vertical holes, situated near the Moon's nearside meridian. The floor and walls of the hole, and the walls and ceiling of its associated subsurface cavern are lit by reflected sunlight from other parts of the hole and cavern, such as the floors, depending on the solar elevation angle. Furthermore, this paper presents estimation results for camera imaging for a case in which solar elevation angle is 45 degrees in the morning, which is appropriate timing for exploration. Assuming reflectance of 0.1 for the lunar hole and cavern surfaces, we estimate the incident energy onto each pixel of a camera as it descends to the hole's floor. We specifically simulate conditions for a camera with a 12-bit dynamic range, similar to the wide-angle optical navigation camera (ONC-W) onboard the Hayabusa 2 spacecraft. The results suggest that a camera with a fixed gain would struggle to capture both directly and indirectly sunlit areas simultaneously, without saturating bright areas and ensuring minimum incident energy resolution (say, a 10 digital number) for darker areas. To overcome this challenge, adjusting the camera gain based on the hole's and cavern's illumination conditions is necessary.
A Library of Microsatellite Markers for Efficiently Characterizing the Aquatic Macrophyte Myriophyllum heterophyllum
Authors: Bernacki Lucas E
Published: June 2024

Myriophyllum heterophyllum is an aquatic macrophyte that is invasive to the northeastern United States and several western European countries. Spreading by vegetative clonal propagation, especially fragmentation, extensive resources are devoted to limit its growth and spread; however, genetic assessments are not typically included in management strategies. Reduction in genetic (clonal) diversity should accompany biomass reduction, yet without genetic assessment the efficacy of plant removal remains unclear. This paper is the first to describe a microsatellite marker library and its use in characterization of the genetic diversity of Myriophyllum heterophyllum.
Eighty-seven tissue samples were collected across the invasive distribution of Myriophyllum heterophyllum in Maine, USA. DNA was extracted and PCR amplification was employed to screen 13 of the microsatellites published in Wu et al. 2013. Sequencing of the amplified loci was performed to characterize repeat motifs and confirm primer binding sites. Fragment sizing of PCR amplicons was employed to determine microsatellite lengths across the 87 samples.
Eight of the 13 tested markers amplified with seven of those eight found to be variable. Polyploidy was evident from allelic diversity within individuals, although precise ploidy could not be determined. Expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.12 to 0.89 across variable markers.
This seven-marker library was effective in characterizing the genetic diversity of both newly discovered (<5 years) and older (>50 years) infestations and is expected to be suitable for assessment of genetic diversity in populations within the native range of M. heterophyllum. The marker library also shows promise for use in several other Myriophyllum species.
A preoperative noninvasive index prediction model for TURP surgical outcomes in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia
Authors: yang jiyao , zhan hui , yang xiaorong , liang yuan , li ji , liu yidao
Published: June 2024

Background
To investigate the influence of preoperative noninvasive indexes on surgical outcomes of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients and to establish a clinical prediction model.
Methods
A total of 250 cases of BPH patients treated with transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in our center from December 2020 to June 2023 were included. The evaluation was completed by detailed history questionnaire, an international prostate symptom score (IPSS) assessment, and a urological ultrasonography.
Results
Among included patients, 185 had effective outcomes and 65 had ineffective outcomes, with an effective rate of 74%. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified international prostatic symptom score-voiding/storage subscore ratio (IPSS-V/S), postvoid residual urine ratio (PVR-R), disease duration, IPP, history of diabetes, history of urinary retention, as independent predictive factors of surgical outcomes, which were further subjected to construct the prediction model. Receiver operating characteristic curve indicated an area under curve of 0.894. The sensitivity and specificity of the model were 79.46% and 87.69%, respectively. Internal validation and the calibration curve indicated good agreement between the predicted outcome and the actual outcome. Clinical decision curves found that the model had a greater net clinical benefit than the "all-intervention" and "no-intervention" scenarios.
Conclusion
The results suggested that BPH patients with a shorter disease duration, a larger IPSS-V/S, a larger IPP, a smaller PVR-R, and no history of diabetes or urinary retention were more likely to have a better outcome after TURP.
Molecular beam epitaxial In2Te3 electronic devices
Authors: Yi Gyu-Chul , Kim Imhwan , Ryu Jinseok , Lee Eunsu , Lee Sangmin , Lee Seokje , Suh Wonwoo , Lee Jamin , Kim Miyoung , Oh Hongseok
Published: June 2024

We report on electrical characteristics of field-effect transistors (FETs) and Schottky diodes based on In2Te3 grown on hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) substrates utilizing molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). A two-step growth method was used to enhance surface coverage and large grain sizes for high-quality In2Te3. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) imaging demonstrated an atomically clean and abrupt interface between the In2Te3 and h-BN substrates. The MBE-grown In2Te3 FETs exhibited superior electrical properties compared to previously reported In2Te3 FETs, including a mobility of 6.07 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹, a subthreshold swing close to 6 V dec⁻¹, and an impressive on/off ratio of about 10⁵. Furthermore, the Ti/In2Te3 Schottky diodes exhibits a low saturation current of 0.4 nA, an ideality factor of 26.7, and a Schottky barrier height of 0.68 eV.
Canine colorectal proliferative lesions: A retrospective study of 217 cases
Authors: Fiedorowicz Joanna , Czapula Katarzyna Paździor - , Domagała Iwona Otrocka -
Published: June 2024

Colorectal proliferative lesions are not common in dogs. However, recently we have observed an increase in the number of diagnosed cases and a lack of publications providing current epidemiological data on changes of the large intestine in dogs. The aim of this study was a retrospective analysis of 217 canine colorectal non-neoplastic and neoplastic tumours, and assessment of the frequency of occurrence of individual lesions and whether there is a risk of their occurrence depending on age, sex, or dogs breed. Histopathological diagnosis was based on routine staining (hematoxylin and eosin) and appropriate immunohistochemistry when was necessary for definitive diagnosis. Half of the cases (52.5%) were malignant tumours with male predisposition and a significant predominance of adenocarcinoma (42.9%). In the group of malignant non-epithelial lesions, lymphoma and sarcomas predominated (4.1% and 4.1%, respectively) followed by three cases of plasmacytoma. Benign neoplastic tumours constituted almost one-third of all cases (26.7%) with obvious dominance of adenoma (24.0%) and young male predisposition. Benign mesenchymal tumours were represented only by leiomyoma (2.8%). The non-neoplastic lesions were represented by a heterogeneous group of polyps (20.3%) with a slight advantage of hyperplastic type (9.7%) and less numerous inflammatory, fibroblastic, lymphoid, and hamartomatous polyps. The one case of ganglioneuromatosis in hamartomatous polyp was diagnosed. Non-neoplastic lesions were frequently diagnosed in female. We have observed for the first time that French Bulldogs are susceptible to developing colorectal proliferative lesions, including adenomas, adenocarcinomas and polyps. The results of our research provided new data expanding knowledge about the epidemiology of colorectal neoplastic and non-neoplastic proliferative lesion in dogs. We were also able to determine sex- and breed-specific risk factors associated with the occurrence of adenocarcinomas, adenomas, and non-neoplastic polyps. Our results are alarming and imply the necessity of implement routine colonoscopy in dogs in early detection of lesion and prevention of the development and progression of malignant tumours.
Investigating the Foaming Process of a Thermoplastic Elastomer (TPE) Using Rheology and Image Analysis
Authors: Kong Hyo Jae , Song Hyeong Yong , Lee Seung Hak , Lee Sumkun , Kim Gyungbok , Yun Nakyong , Hyun Kyu
Published: June 2024

This study introduced a method to simultaneously characterize time-resolved rheological and volumetric changes occurring during the foaming process of a thermoplastic elastomer containing an encapsulated physical blowing agent. For this, a conventional rotational rheometer was equipped with a commercial digital camera to capture video recordings. These video recordings were digitized into volumetric data using custom-written computer-vision-based algorithm. We firstly investigated rheological and volumetric changes during temperature ramp tests. The calculated cell volume fractions varied quantitatively depending on cell expansion and shrinkage. The viscoelastic moduli followed the characteristic behavior of the cell volume fraction. Furthermore, to analyze the volumetric changes under hypothetical processing conditions, a four-stage protocol comprising time sweep and temperature ramp was designed. The results revealed that the cell shrinkage induced by internal gas permeation at high temperatures was significantly greater than that induced by internal pressure reduction during cooling. Finally, comparison between foam densities computed using our algorithm and those measured using a densimeter revealed good agreement within 3% relative error. This demonstrates the applicability of our algorithm for quantitatively assessing volumetric changes of foam.
Comparison of the preoperative transpapillary unilateral biliary drainage methods for the future remnant liver in patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma with liver resection: A retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Okuno Mitsuru , Iwata Keisuke , Iwashita Takuji , Mukai Tsuyoshi , Shimojo Kota , Ohashi Yosuke , Iwasa Yuhei , Senju Akihiko , Iwata Shota , Tezuka Ryuichi , Ichikawa Hironao , Mita Naoki , Uemura Shinya , Yoshida Kensaku , Maruta Akinori , Tomita Eiichi , Yasuda Ichiro , Shimizu Masahito
Published: June 2024

Background and Aims:
Transpapillary preoperative biliary drainage (PBD) only for the future remnant liver (FRL) in hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) can be performed minimally invasively, with the expectation of swelling of the FRL. However, verification of the appropriate transpapillary unilateral PBD method for FRL is limited since the cases of liver resection are insufficient.
Methods:
A total of 63 patients with resectable HCCA were evaluated. Twelve unilateral across-the-papilla plastic stent placement cases (PS group), 14 unilateral intraductal plastic stent placement cases (IS group), and 11 unilateral endoscopic nasobiliary drainage cases (ENBD group) met the inclusion criteria. Each group was compared regarding the hospital stay duration for the endoscopic procedure, recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO), time to RBO (TRBO), overall survival (OS), and surgical outcomes.
Results:
No significant differences were observed in the patient characteristics between the groups. Hospital stay for the endoscopic procedure was significantly longer in the ENBD group (50[33-163]days) than in the PS group (14[2-36]days; P<0.01) or IS group (21[6-118]days; P<0.01). There were no significant differences in the RBO, TRBO, OS, surgical time, amount of intraoperative blood loss, or post-surgical adverse events (AEs) between the groups. In the multivariate analysis, there were no significantly related factors for RBO, TRBO, OS, and post-surgical AEs.
Conclusions:
The PS, IS, and ENBD groups showed similar clinical outcomes in liver resection cases for HCCA, excluding the hospital stay duration for the endoscopic procedure. Considering the hospital stay duration, unilateral PS and IS placement can be considered acceptable for transpapillary PBD.
Clinical Trial Registration: UMIN000052598
Impact of bile leak on the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who have undergone liver resection
Authors: Gon Hidetoshi , Komatsu Shohei , Soyama Hirotoshi , Tanaka Motofumi , Fukushima Kenji , Urade Takeshi , So Shinichi , Yoshida Toshihiko , Arai Keisuke , Ishida Jun , Nanno Yoshihide , Tsugawa Daisuke , Yanagimoto Hiroaki , Toyama Hirochika , Kido Masahiro , Fukumoto Takumi
Published: June 2024

Purpose
The impact of postoperative bile leak on the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent liver resection is controversial. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic impact of bile leak for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent liver resection.
Methods
Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent liver resection between 2009 and 2019 at Kobe University Hospital and Hyogo Cancer Center were included. After propensity score matching between the bile leak and no bile leak groups, differences in 5-year recurrence-free and overall survival rates were evaluated using the Kaplan–Meier method.
Results
A total of 779 patients, including 43 with postoperative bile leak, were analyzed. In the matched cohort, 41 patients were included in each group. The 5-year recurrence-free survival rates after liver resection were 34% and 29% for the bile leak and no bile leak groups, respectively (P = 0.877). The 5-year overall survival rates were 45% and 52% for the bile leak and no bile leak groups, respectively (P = 0.360).
Conclusion
Overall, bile leak did not have a profound negative impact on the prognosis of patients included in this study. Proper management of bile leak could be attributed to reducing its negative impact on prognosis.
Influence of external load during back squats on knee joint arthrokinematics analyzed by vibroarthrography
Authors: Borzucka Dorota , Kręcisz Krzysztof , Bączkowicz Dawid
Published: June 2024

Background
This study aimed to use vibroarthrography to evaluate the effect of different external loads on the arthrokinematics of the patellofemoral joint during the back squat motion in vivo. The level of vibroarthrographic signal was expected to increase with the level of applied load; however, the trend of increase was unknown.
Methods
Participants, who were recruited from team sport athletes, were requested to perform eight trials: four bodyweight squats and four back-loaded barbell squats of 10–70 kg, with 1 min rest between tests. Finally, 38 male volunteers (age: 22.0 ± 1.1 years, body mass: 82.8 ± 10.1 kg, height: 186,7 ± 7.9 cm) were included in the study. All participants described their health condition as “very good.” An average physical activity of moderate-to-vigorous intensity, mostly aerobic, was considered as 12,47 ± 3,37 hours across the week. The arthrokinematic quality of movement of the PFJ was assessed using an accelerometer sensor placed 1 cm above the apex of the patella.
Results
The experimental results revealed that the vibroarthrographic signal level steadily increased with an increasing knee load during squatting, which could be attributed to higher contact stress and kinetic friction of the joint surfaces. The phenomenon was analyzed throughout the range of loads applied, which followed a linear pattern.
Conclusions
The proposed method is a promising tool for monitoring the effects of external loads on the knee joint mechanics and adaptive changes that occur during training. Moreover athletes and coaches should take into account that increased loads can result in accelerated joint wear and tear.
Assessment of Cattle Fattening Practices in Kellem Wollega Zone, Western Ethiopia
Authors: Fufa Fekadu , Kenea Mesfin , Kerorsa Gemechu
Published: June 2024

Beef cattle are one of a few agricultural commodities in Ethiopia and the cattle fattening is an effective tool for poverty alleviation, good opportunity for employment and income generation as a whole via utilizing seasonally available feed resources. This research was carried out in Kellem Wollega Zone of Oromia Regional state, Western Ethiopia, with the objective of the assessment of cattle fattening practices in the zone. It was carried out using structured and semi-structured questionnaire by interviewing a total of 378 cattle fattener households who were proportionally selected from high land, midland and lowland agro-ecologies. The result of the study indicated that, only local cattle breeds were used for fattening where there was highest preference for adult bulls (70.1%), that is followed by oxen (24.1%), old and infertile female cow (5.8%). The major feeding practices of cattle fattening in the study area were (48.4%) stall feeding only, (31.5%) combination of stall feeding and free gazing and (20.1%) free grazing system. The major feed resources used for cattle fattening during dry season in order of commonly used were crop-residues, stubble grazing, non-conventional feeds, grains, hay, natural pasture and browse trees, while during wet season, cut and carry forages, natural grazing, non-conventional feeds, crop residues, grain, stubble grazing and hay were ranking 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th, respectively in order of commonly used. The overall feeding duration of fattening cattle were three months (36.5%), four months (27%), five months (28.6%) and six months and above (7.9%). Separated house types (47.3%) for the animals were the commonest housing system in the study area. It can be concluded that cattle fattening could be one potential strategy to enhance the income of smallholder farmers. Moreover detailed on station research work of cattle fattening practices are required.
Wheat breeding to better feed a growing world: historic insights and future potential elaborated using a diverse cultivars collection and extended phenotyping.
Authors: Hassouni Khaoula El , Afzal Muhammad , Boeven Philipp , Dörnte Jost , Koch Michael , Pfeiffer Nina , Pfleger Franz , Rapp Matthias , Schacht Johannes , Spiller Monika , Sielaff Malte , Tenzer Stefan , Thorwarth Patrick , Longin Friedrich
Published: June 2024

Wheat is one of the most important staple crops playing a pivotal role to sustainably feed the growing world population. Wheat breeding mainly focused on improving agronomy and techno-functionality for bread or pasta production, but nutrient content is becoming increasingly more important to fight malnutrition. We therefore investigated 282 bread wheat cultivars from seven decades of wheat breeding in Central Europe on 63 different traits related to agronomy, quality and nutrients under multiple field trials. Wheat breeding has tremendously increased grain yield, resistance against diseases and lodging as well as baking quality across last decades. Whereas, mineral content slightly decreased without selection on it, probably due to its negative correlation with grain yield. The significant genetic variances determined for almost all traits show the potential for further improvement but significant negative correlations among grain yield and baking quality as well as grain yield and mineral content complicate their combined improvement. Thus, compromises in improvement of these traits are necessary to feed a growing global population.
Immunotherapy Response and Resistance in Patients with Advanced Uveal Melanoma
Authors: Maurer Alexander , Clerici Giulio , Schaab Jan , Cheng Phil , Mihic Daniela , Mader Caecilia , Messerli Michael , Huellner Martin , Dummer Reinhard , Dimitriou Florentia
Published: June 2024

Background
Metastatic uveal melanoma (mUM) is associated with poor prognosis. Treatment with ipilimumab/nivolumab has shown antitumor efficacy. Tebentafusp resulted in longer overall survival (OS) compared to investigator`s choice in a phase III study. The aim of this study is to describe the radiological response patterns with both treatments in association with the treatment outcome.
Methods
Patients with mUM treated with ipilimumab/nivolumab or tebentafusp with available radiological assessment per RECISTv1.1 and/or imPERCIST5. Disease outcome, landmark progression-free survival (PFS) and OS were reported. The same criteria were used to assess the liver-specific response.
Results
14 patients were treated with ipilimumab/nivolumab; treatment efficacy for best overall response (BOR) per RECIST v1.1 and imPERCIST5 was similar for the PFS (p=0.37 and p=0.23) and OS (p=0.14 and p=0.23). Patients with complete metabolic response (CMR), partial metabolic response (PMR) and partial response (PR) had longer PFS by trend. Treatment efficacy at the liver was concordant with the overall treatment efficacy for the PFS and OS.
22 patients were treated with tebentafusp; BOR per imPERCIST5 and RECISTv1.1 did not differ for the PFS (p=0.48 and p=0.21, respectively) and OS (p=0.63 and p=0.32, respectively). The hepatic treatment efficacy was concordant with the overall treatment efficacy. Patients with liver SD as best response showed a significant OS benefit (p=0.045).
Conclusion
Comprehensive radiological response evaluation with both RECIST v1.1 and imPERCIST5 can synergistically provide with an accurate assessment of immunotherapy efficacy in mUM, but both methods display limitations. Further studies to investigate the mechanisms of response and resistance are required.
Does the use of Acellular Dermal Matrices (ADM) in women undergoing pre-pectoral implant-based breast reconstruction increase operative success versus non-use of ADM in the same setting? A systematic review
Authors: Cook Hannah , Glynou Sevasti P , Sousi Sara , Zargaran David , Hamilton Stephen , Mosahebi Afshin
Published: June 2024

Background
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy among women in the UK. Reconstruction – of which implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR) is the most common – forms a core part of surgical management of breast cancer. More recently, pre-pectoral IBBR has become common as technology and operative techniques have evolved.
Many surgeons use acellular dermal matrix (ADM) in reconstruction however there is little evidence in literature that this improves surgical outcomes. This review will assess available evidence for surgical outcomes for breast reconstructions using ADM versus non-use of ADM.
Methods
A database search was performed of Ovid Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2012-2022). Studies were screened using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Risk of Bias was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa scale and ROBIS tools. Analysis and meta-analysis were performed.
Results
This review included 25 studies (4045 breast reconstructions). No significant difference between overall complications and failure rates between ADM and non-ADM use was demonstrated. Capsular contracture, wound dehiscence and implant rippling had significant differences however these results demonstrated high heterogeneity thus wider generalisation may be inaccurate. Patient quality of life scores were not recorded consistently or comparably between papers.
Conclusions
This review suggests a lack of significant differences in most complications between ADM use and non-use for pre-pectoral IBBR. If no increase in complications exists between groups, this has significant implications for surgical and legislative decision-making. There is, however, inadequate evidence available on the topic and further research is required.
Bead Layout and Error Rectification of Groove Weld at Intersecting Structures
Authors: Chen Changrong , Guo Yukai , Zhou Sunsheng , Zhou Jingxin , Lian Guofu , Huang Xu
Published: June 2024

The welding of intersecting structures requires multi-layer multi-pass welding. Manual welding of intersecting curves is being replaced by robotic welding due to its low efficiency and poor consistency. To enhance weld accuracy in intersecting structures and optimize multi-layer multi-pass planning in robot welding of large components, a realistic groove model is devised to address discrepancies between theoretical and actual groove surfaces. This include determining the size of the actual error angle, and the modeling of the actual groove in the intersecting structure. A method for groove error correction is then proposed based on this model. Firstly, the total and the error areas of the actual groove are calculated. Subsequently, the errors for each layer of the groove are computed from the total error area of the groove. Error correction for the groove layout is implemented layer by layer, resulting in an algorithm for multi-layer multi-pass groove layout correction. Additionally, a fitting function that closely approximates the groove profile is derived. This procedure finalizes the groove error correction, and through MATLAB simulation, the corrected intersecting structure groove is modeled, with results aligning with the error correction algorithm. Finally, further simulation and experimentation validate the feasibility, accuracy and effectiveness of the error correction algorithm for multi-layer multi-pass weld planning the actual intersecting structure groove, offering a theoretical foundation for the intricate weld planning required in robotic welding of intersecting components.
Who Will be More Likely to Seek Help? The Relationship Between Suicidal Ideation, Suicide Literacy, Attitudes Toward Suicide and Help Seeking Intention
Authors: Vu Bich-Phuong , Nguyen Ha-Giang , Dang Hoang-Minh
Published: June 2024

Suicide is a significant concern globally, although research among adolescents in low- and middle-income countries remains scarce. This study aims to investigate gender differences and the factors that can contribute to Vietnamese adolescents’ intention to seek help when experiencing suicidal thoughts. A total of 2,976 adolescents reported their level of suicidal ideation, suicide literacy, attitudes toward suicidal individuals, and preferred sources of help. One third of them experienced suicidal ideation. Mean suicide literacy was generally low but was lower in males. Low suicide literacy also correlated with higher level of suicide stigmatization, and males reported more stigmatization towards suicidal individuals. As expected, adolescents sought help from families and friends more than from professionals. Contrasting to our hypothesis, being male, having more stigma, and less suicidal ideation predicted more help seeking intention. The results of this study highlight the importance of careful suicide prevention and intervention strategies for this population.
Analysis of spatiotemporal evolution and influencing factors of water poverty and ecological resilience coupling coordination in Chinese mega cities
Authors: zhang haiqi
Published: June 2024

Water poverty and ecological resilience in mega cities are not only related to the health and well-being of residents, but also important aspects of achieving sustainable development goals, promoting environmental protection, and international cooperation. This article selects data from 10 mega cities in China from 2013 to 2022 and constructs a coupling coordination model to analyze the coupling relationship and spatiotemporal evolution characteristics between water poverty and ecological resilience in mega cities. In addition, the Tobit model was used to explore the main influencing factors of the above two systems, and the following conclusions were drawn: firstly, from 2013 to 2022, the comprehensive evaluation index of water poverty and ecological resilience in Chinese mega cities showed a dynamic upward trend. Secondly, during the period of 2013-2022, the degree of coupling and coordination between water poverty and ecological resilience in China's mega cities has become increasingly high, with Wuhan being in a highly coordinated area in 20222. Thirdly, in terms of influencing factors, economic development level, industrial structure, and technological innovation have a positive impact on the coupling and coordination level of water poverty and ecological resilience. The negative impact of population density and urbanization level on the coupling and coordination level of water poverty and ecological resilience.
Phylogenetic study of Dipylidium caninum Isolated from cats (Felis domestica) and dogs (Canis familiaris) intestines.
Authors: Al-Ardi Musafer
Published: June 2024

Knowing the parasites' genotypes and establishing their phylogenetic tree help to define their route of evolution and determine their origin. On the other hand, understanding the variation in genome sequences aids in the development of techniques for identifying diseases and selecting the best and most efficient treatments. This study used worms isolated from cats and dogs intestines to genotyping and draw phylogenetic tree of Dipylidium caninum. This study approach involved isolating worms directly from the intestines of dogs and cats, and confirming infection through molecular diagnosis using primers designed by the author. Genotyping using primers for the large subunit rRNA gene revealed sequences of DNA products that were deposited in the GenBank. Finally, these sequences were aligned with previous sequences deposited in the GenBank, and gene sequences in cats were compared with their counterparts in dogs. Infection significantly were higher among dogs than cats and among males than females. Three sequences (OQ987885 to OQ987887) isolated from dogs and another (OQ987888 to OQ987890) isolated from cats have been deposited in the Gen Bank. Phylogenetic tree comparing these sequences and showing the genetic distance between them. Sequences deposited from this study recorded high alignment with (MG587892.1) and (OK523385.1) sequences dating back to D. caninum. The host species influences the species and ability of the parasite that will infect it, and possibly the genotypes as well. Canine fleas can infect dogs and cats, while feline fleas can infect cat only. so the parasite must adapt to continue living, and one of the ways to adapt is heterogeneity of genotypes.
The Ferromagnetic Glass State: collapse of the standard ferromagnetic domain structure
Authors: Benini Mattia , Shumilin Andrei , Rakshit Rajib , Sahoo Antarjami , Halder Anita , Droghetti Andrea , Cugini Francesco , Solzi Massimo , Bisero Diego , Graziosi Patrizio , Riminucci Alberto , Bergenti Ilaria , Singh Manju , Gnoli Luca , Sanna Samuele , Mertelj Tomaz , Kabanov Viktor , Sanvito Stefano , Dediu Valentin
Published: June 2024

We demonstrate that, upon the chemisorption of organic molecules, Co thin films display a novel magnetic phase that we tentatively call Ferromagnetic Glass State. This is characterised by a giant magnetic hardening and by the violation of the Rayleigh law for magnetization reversal. Such new phase originates from the modification of the surface magnetic anisotropy induced by the molecule/film interaction, whose result is to produce a correlated random anisotropy field. The ferromagnetic glass state then emerges when the correlation length of the random anisotropy field is close to the characteristic exchange length that, in our case, is of the order of 10nm. At the microscopic level, the ferromagnetic glass state is defined by blurred pseudo-domains intertwined by diffuse and irregular domain walls. Intriguingly, the magnetization reversal process of such configuration terminates with vortex-like structures, predicted by theory and measured by magnetic-force microscopy. Our work shows how the strong electronic interaction of standard components, Co thin films and readily available molecules, can generate structures with remarkable new magnetic properties, and thus opens a new avenue for the design of tailored-on-demand magnetic composites.
A Reference Ontology for Putting Together Pregnancy and Mental Health
Authors: Teixeira Maria das Graças da Silva , Meireles Luiz Guilherme Rodrigues , Cândido Cássio Pereira , Prado Kelly dos Santos , Hisatugu Wilian Hiroshi , Garcia Anilton Salles , Dias Rodrigo da Silva , Sousa Rafael Teixeira , Mota Amanda Sodré , Galletta Marco Aurélio Knippel , Tavares Hermano
Published: June 2024

Background: Pregnancy is a period characterized by mystique and societal expectations surrounding women. However, it can also be a challenging time for women. The mental well-being of a pregnant woman is influenced, in part, by her obstetric history and the psychosocial context. Detecting stress, anxiety, and depression in pregnant women is crucial for reducing health problems, particularly mental health issues.
Results: A project named Digital Pregnancy - Grávida Digital in Portuguese - is currently in development to address these aspects within the context of healthcare. To achieve this goal, a reliable methodology is necessary, and a conceptual model called the Ontology of Pregnancy and Mental Health, known in Portuguese as Ontologia da Gravidez e a Saúde Mental (OntoGSM), has been proposed. OntoGSM aims to provide semantic structuring of data generated throughout the project. It was developed based on the Unified Foundational Ontology (UFO) and followed the Systematic Approach for Building Ontologies (SABiO) as the development process. OntoGSM is the outcome of collaborative efforts from a diverse team of specialists in women's health, mental health, and computer science.
Conclusions: The OntoGSM´s objective is to create a tool that accommodates a broad spectrum of stakeholders, enabling a comprehensive understanding and support for women throughout their pregnancy journey within the healthcare domain. Once this integrated domain is accurately represented, the subsequent step involves constructing a tool that utilizes this representation.