bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ANALYSIS OF MATERNAL AGE AT MARRIED, NUMBER OF CHILDREN, HISTORY OF BREASTFEEDING, MOTHER'S EDUCATION AND HIGH RISK OF PREGNANCY WITH INCIDENCE OF STUNTING IN CHILDREN UNDER FIVE-YEARS
Authors: Purwandari Eka Sri , Estiningtyas Sakilah Adnani Qorinah , Yuli Astutik Reni
Published: February 2021

Background: Stunting among children is a problem that has received serious attention from the Indonesian government. Incidence of stunting has decreased from year to year, but the decline still does not meet the World Health Organization (WHO) target. Stunting occurs as a result of chronic malnutrition, especially during the first 1000 days of birth as a vital phase. Chronic nutritional deficiency as a toddler can be caused by various factors, including exclusive breastfeeding, the number of children that must be borne by the family and mother's education.
Purpose: This study aimed to analyse the age of the women at marriage, the number of children, mother’s education, history of breastfeeding and pregnancy risk with the incidence of stunting in children under five years..
Methods: The design of this study was analytic with a cross-sectional approach. This research was conducted on toddlers aged 13-60 months in a village of East Java Province, Indonesia, with a sample size of 110 children under five. The statistical test used logistic regression with a confidence level of 95%.
Results: Data analysis using logistic regression reveal the relationship between the dependent variable and the incidence of toddler stunting, the following results were obtained: from the mother's age at marriage, the value of ? 0.286, the number of family members ? 0.587, mother's education, ? 0.002, history of breastfeeding, ? 0.884, risk of pregnancy ? 0.696. of the five factors associated with the incidence of under-five stunting in this study, it shows that only mother's education has a very significant relationship with the incidence of under-five stunting (? = 0.002 <? = 0.05). The OR value is 4.724, which means that mothers with primary education have a risk of 4.724 times in the incidence of child stunting.
Conclusion: The lower the mother's education provides an opportunity for the incidence of toddler stunting. Maternal education is related to the ability to receive information related to nutrition and child development so that it also has an impact on the preparation of family nutrition. In the long term, improper nutrition can lead to stunting.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MOTHER'S BEHAVIOR IN SEEKING TREATMENT WITH THE RECURRENCE RATE OF PNEUMONIA AMONG CHILDREN UNDER FIVE
Authors: Supiani Supiani , Mufdlilah Mufdlilah , Ismail Djauhar
Published: February 2021

Introduction: Pneumonia is a global problem with a significant cause of death for more than 2 million children under five every year. Mothers’ behavior in seeking treatment is one of the main factors of delay in getting proper treatment by increasing the risk of recurrence pneumonia among children under five. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the mother's behavior in seeking treatment with the recurrence rate of pneumonia among children under five.
Method: This research method was an observational analytic study with the cross-sectional approach. The number of samples in this study was 47 mothers with toddlers pneumonia. The sampling technique was using purposive sampling and data analysis used Chi-square and multiple logistic regression.
Result: The study found, there was a relationship between the mothers’ behavior in seeking treatment with the recurrence rate of pneumonia among children under five (PR = 12,000; CI95%=2,275-63,285; p = 0.003). One of confounding variables namely the cost of treatment had relationship with the recurrence rate of pneumonia. Whereas the variables of mother's knowledge, access to services, and distance of residence are not related to the recurrence rate of pneumonia in infants. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis found that mothers’ behavior in seeking of the treatment, treatment cost, and distance of residence affect 51.2% of the recurrence rate of pneumonia among children under five in Yogyakarta.
Conclusion: The mothers’ behavior in seeking treatment, the cost of treatment, and distance of residence affect the recurrence rate of pneumonia among children under five.
PENGGUNAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE NUMBERED HEADS TOGETHER (NHT) DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN KEWARGANEGARAAN (Penelitian Tindakan Kelas pada Siswa Kelas XI IPS 2 SMA Negeri 2 Cikampek Kabupaten Karawang)
Authors: Nugraha Yogi
Published: February 2021

abstrak
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN SILA KEMANUSIAN DENGAN SIKAP TENGGANG RASA PADA SISWA SDN CIBARUSAH JAYA 01 KECAMATAN CIBARUSAH KABUPATEN BEKASI (Studi Korelasional pada Siswa Kelas V SD)
Authors: Alpian Yayan
Published: February 2021

abstrak
HUBUNGAN MATA KULIAH JATIDIRI BANGSA DENGAN PENINGKATAN WAWASAN KEBANGSAAN DAN SEMANGAT NASIONALISME MAHASISWA (Studi Korelasi di Lingkungan Program Studi PPKn Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang)
Authors: Sofyan Fitri Silvia
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT This research is purposed to procure representation about correlations between national identity courses with the studentsâ€™ insight into nationalism and the studentsâ€™ spirit of nationalism in Program Studi PPKn UBP Karawang. This study used quantitative approach with a correlation study method. The data of this study was obtained through questionnaires and tests given to students in Program Studi PPKn UBP Karawang. Researcher revealed that: 1. The implementation of national identity as a general basic course included in personality development course in Program Studi PPKn UBP Karawang had been implemented very well and was able to make a significant contribution, which is in accordance to national identityâ€™s goal itself. 2. Students in Program Studi PPKn UBP Karawang were believed to have a good insight into nationalism and a strong nationalism. 3. The application of national identity courses as a general basic course has a strong correlation and a great influence on the improvement of the studentsâ€™ insight into nationalism and the spirit of nationalism in Program Studi PPKn UBP Karawang. Keywords: National identity course, nationality, insight on nationalism, spirit of nationalism, Program Studi PPKn UBP Karawang.

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran mengenai korelasi Mata Kuliah Jatidiri Bangsa dengan peningkatan wawasan kebangsaan dan semangat nasionalisme mahasiswa di Program Studi PPKn UBP Karawang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif, dengan metode korelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1. Penerapan Mata Kuliah Jatidiri Bangsa sebagai mata kuliah dasar umum Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang sudah dilaksanakan dengan sangat baik dan mampu memberikan kontribusi yang besar sebagaimana tujuan dari Mata Kuliah Jatidiri Bangsa itu sendiri. 2. Mahasiswa di lingkungan Program Studi PPKn UBP Karawang memiliki pemahaman wawasan kebangsaan dan semangat nasionalisme yang baik. 3. Penerapan Mata Kuliah Jatidiri Bangsa sebagai mata kuliah dasar umum memiliki hubungan yang kuat dan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap peningkatan wawasan kebangsaan dan semangat nasionalisme mahasiswa di lingkungan Program Studi PPKn UBP Karawang. Kata kunci : Mata Kuliah Jatidiri Bangsa, Wawasan Kebangsaan, Semangat Nasionalisme, Program Studi PPKn UBP Karawang.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN THINK PAIR SHARE (TPS) DENGAN STRATEGI CROSSWORD PUZZLE TERHADAP CIVIC KNOWLEDGE PESERTA DIDIK PADA MATA PELAJARAN PENDIDIKAN PANCASILA DAN KEWARGANEGARAAN
Authors: . Cahyono
Published: February 2021

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh model pembelajaran Think Pair Share (TPS) dengan strategi Crossword Puzzle terhadap Civic Knowledge peserta didik. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kelas XI SMA Negeri 3 Subang. Metode penelitian kuasi eksperimen, desain penelitian Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Sampel kelas XI IPA 1 kelas kontrol, kelas XI IPA 4 kelas eksperimen. Instrumen diolah menggunakan Software Minitab 17 for Windows. Berdasarkan hasil analisis data penelitian, diperoleh bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Kesimpulan tersebut didasarkan pada hasil uji hipotesis dengan menggunakan Independent T-Test terhadap kedua nilai posttest. Hasilnya P-Value < 0,05 yaitu 0,003 < 0,05, serta terdapat pengaruh positif model pembelajaran TPS dengan strategi crossword puzzle dengan nilai P-Value 0,000 < 0,05. Terdapat pengaruh model pembelajaran TPS dengan strategi crossword puzzle terhadap civic knowledge peserta didik pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan di Kelas XI SMA Negeri 3 Subang. Kata Kunci : Think Pair Share, Crossword Puzzle, Civic Knowledge
HAMBATAN PENANAMAN NILAI-NILAI PANCASILA DALAM KEGIATAN ORGANISASI SISWA INTRA SEKOLAH (OSIS) DI SMPN 4 KLARI
Authors: Yuli Fatimah  , Aris Riswandi Sanusi  , Yogi Nugraha
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Hambatan  Organisi Siswa Intra Sekolah (OSIS) dalam penanaman nilai Pancasila di SMP Negeri 4 Klari.   Subjek penelitian ini adalah Pembina OSIS, peserta didik pengurus OSIS dan Peserta didik bukan pengurus OSIS. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa hambatan dalam penanaman nilai nila Pancasila melalui kegiatan OSIS di SMP Negeri 4 Klari  Kabupten Karawang yaitu, kendala-kendala yang sering dijumpai dalam penanaman nilai-nilai Pancasila dalam kegiatan OSIS adalah masih ditemukan peserta didik yang kurang aktif dan tidak semua peserta didik ingin mengikuti kegiatan-kegiatan OSIS,  terkadang ada salah satu peserta didik yang menyebar virus negatif dan mengajak teman-teman yang lain untuk tidak mengikuti kegiatan-kegiatan tersebut, Kurangnya kesadaran individu dalam melaksanakan ibadah sholat berjamaah, kurangnya menjaganya fasilitas dan kebersihan yang ada di lingkungan sekolah.
UPAYA GURU PPKN DALAM MENCEGAH TAWURAN PELAJAR DI SMK BINA KARYA 1 KABUPATEN KARAWANG
Authors: Muhamad Jawir Ripa’i  , Yogi Nugraha  , Aris Riswandi Sanusi
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui upaya yang dilakukan oleh pihak Guru PPKn dalam     mencegah dan menanggulangi tawuran antara sekolah di SMK Bina Karya 1 Kabupaten Karawang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Subjek penelitian ini adalah guru Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan di SMK Bina Karya I Karawang. Tenknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi, dan studi dokumentasi Teknik analisis  data dengan hasil wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi dengan triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Upaya yang dilakukan oleh guru PPKn untuk mencegah terjadinya tawuran di SMK Bina Karya I Karawang adalah menanamkan nilai-nilai pancasila terutama sila pertama yaitu ketuhanan. Dengan membuat program shalat dhuha berjamaah secara rutin di hari selasa dan rabu. Hal tersebut dilakukan sebagai upaya mendekatkan pelajar dengan tuhan sekaligus memberikan pendidikan karakter kepada pelajar.
Penerapan model problem based learning (PBL) untuk menumbuhkan kreativitas belajar dalam mata pelajaran PPKn
Authors: YayintaMaharani Puspita Putri  , Nugraha Yogi , Repelita Tridays
Published: February 2021

Penelitian ini untuk mengkaji apakah penerapan model Problem Based Learning (PBL) untuk menumbuhkan kreativitas belajar dalam mata pelajaran PPKn di kelas X Akuntansi 4 SMKN 2 Karawang. Penelitian ini mengkaji apakah model PBL dapat menumbuhkan kreativitas belajar dalam pelajaran PPKn. Pendekatan menggunkan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode observasi, dan wawancara. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan instrument wawancara secara daring menggunaka google from. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 1 orang guru PPKn di kelas X Akuntansi 4, 1 orang guru PPKn kelas XI, 4 siswa kelas X Akuntansi 4 di SMKN 2 Karawang. Teknik analisis data menggunakan pengumpulan data, reduksi data, dan penyajian data. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa model PBL dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kreativitas belajar dalam mata pelajaran PPKn di kelas X Akuntansi 4. Model PBL ini menjadikan siswa lebih kreatif, aktif, dan berani menyampaikan gagasannya dalam berdiskusi kelompok belajar dimana siswa mempersentasikan hasil diskusi menggunakan slide power point yang kreatif.
PENGARUH LITERASI KEUANGAN, LIFESTYLE HEDONIS, DAN SIKAP KEUANGAN PRIBADI TERHADAP PERILAKU KEUANGAN MAHASISWA
Authors: Rohmanto Fajar , Susanti Ari
Published: February 2021

Mahasiwa mengatur dan mengelola keuangan mereka adalah sesuatu yang sangat penting. Karena setelah lulus dari bangku kuliah mereka akan memasuki dunia kerja. Perilaku keuangan yang kurang baik akan menurunkan taraf kesuksesan hidup seseorang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mengenai literasi keuangan, lifestyle hedonis dan sikap keuangan mahasiswa pada mahasiwa STIE Surakarta terhadap perilaku keuangan mahasiwa. Penelitian ini menggunakan populasi terbatas, yaitu penelitian yang dilakukan di Program studi Manajemen, Akuntansi, STIE Surakarta. Menggunakan rumus Slovin dan teknik purposive sampling, 276 siswa dipilih sebagai sampel. Penelitian ini menggunakan alat analisis data yaitu analisis multilinear.Hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan menyatakan bahwa tingkat literasi keuangan berpengaruh secara parcial atau individu terhadap perilaku keuangan mahasiswa, tingkat lifestyle hedonis berpengaruh secara parcial atau idividu terhadap perilau keuangan mahasiswa, tingkat sikap keuangan berpengaruh secara parcial atau individu terhadap perilau keuangan mahasiswa. Variabel Literasi Keuangan, Lifestyle Hedonis, Sikap keuangan berpengaruh secara bersama-sama atau simultan terhadap Perilaku Keuangan Mahasiswa.
First Report of Alternaria arborescens Causing Early Blight on Tomato in Iraq
Authors: Razak Nisreen J. , Abass Mohammed H.
Published: February 2021

In this paper, the isolation of the fungal species Alternaria arborescens was done from symptomatic tomato leaves and diagnosed morphologically and molecularly using ITS primers. Subsequently, pathogenicity determination was achieved for the diagnosed fungal species on tomato plant. It’s noteworthy, this work on A. arborescens was not previously recorded as a potential pathogen on the shoot system of tomato in Iraq.
Kajian Tata Kelola dan Aksesibilitas Pembiayaan Menuju Keberlanjutan Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit Swadaya
Authors: Yanita Mirawati , Ningsih Rozaina
Published: February 2021

Independent smallholders contribute about 35 percent of Indonesia's total crude oil, but the smallholders' low output, consistently producing 45 percent less than plantation companies. This research aims to examine the governance and accessibility of independent smallholder financing for planters to the sustainability of palm oil farming. The method used is a survey method to obtain data and information related to the implementation of governance and accessibility of smallholder palm oil financing in Jambi Province. The results found that smallholders' palm financing's control and accessibility have not been implemented with measurable management. This is because smallholders often start their farming activities with less optimal planning ranging from the procurement of inputs such as uncertified seedlings and minimal maintenance related to capital limitations, let alone plants already entering old age. The consequence is lower productivity than national productivity. Non-governmental palm oil farmers have no bargaining power, and only as recipients of TBS prices are sold. The lack of mentoring also impacts garden management's limited knowledge and replaces old and damaged plants. Besides, access to financing from financial institutions also requires the land's legality, so various parties must deal with it. In the future, it is necessary to accelerate thinking and resources in real terms to demonstrate impartiality in helping non-governmental palm oil growers to ensure the sustainability of farming for the sake of shared prosperity.
A Mathematical Model for the Study of Effectiveness in Therapy in Tuberculosis Taking into Account Associated Diseases
Authors: Erick Delgado Moya  , Alain Pietrus  , Sergio Muniz Oliva
Published: February 2021

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health problem. We present a deterministic mathematical model for the study of the effectiveness of therapy in TB to determine the impact of HIV/AIDS and diabetes in the spread of the disease and drug resistance. Our model takes into account the relationships between TB, HIV/AIDS, and diabetes and we also study the behavior of multidrug-resistance (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR-TB). The main mathematical and epidemiology features of the model are investigated. The basic reproduction number (R0) in the different sub-populations (diabetics, HIV/AIDS, and those who do not suffer from these diseases) was studied. Conditions were obtained on the model parameters to know when the growth of the parameters associated with resistance to TB treatment has a negative impact on the transmission of TB in the population based on the R0 study. It is concluded that MDR-TB and XDR-TB have a negative impact on TB control. Computational simulations show that a greater number of drug-sensitive TB cases with respect to MDR-TB and XDR-TB cases are reported in the infected compartments, and MDR-TB cases surpass XDR-TB cases, except in the diabetes sub-population, which has a growth of XDR-TB cases that surpasses the other compartments of infected of all the sub-populations. It was shown when comparing the sub-populations of diabetes and HIV/AIDS, that although the diabetes sub-population reports a higher number of XDR-TB cases, a lower number of drug-sensitive TB and MDR-TB cases, have a greater number of recovered cases with respect to HIV/AIDS sub-population at the end of the study period. Also, when the XDR-TB cases in the diabetes sub-population exceed the other infected compartments, there is a growth of recovered TB in this subpopulation. The results suggest that it is necessary to increase the attention to the diabetic population, which include improved glucose control, increase the number of specialized medical consultations to achieve permanence in TB treatment and control the entry of individuals to the diabetic compartments by tests of diabetes.
Effect of Acute Warm Water Swim Stress on Antioxidant Levels in Swiss Albino Rats
Authors: Madhuri B.A. , Reddy Rajeswar
Published: February 2021

Background: Heat stress affects both physical and mental tasks. Imbalance in maintenance of temperatureleads to oxidative stress and damage to the body systems. Aim: To evaluate the effect of acute warm waterswim stress on antioxidant status changes in albino rats. Materials and Methods: The present study wasconducted in the Department of Physiology, Meenakshi medical College& Research Institute, Chennai.Twenty male albino rats were randomly divided in to two groups, control group and experimental group.Experimental group of rats were exposed to warm water swim stress at 40ºc for duration of 15min ofcontinuous single exposure. The antioxidant status namely enzyme activity (LPO,CAT, SOD & GPx) andnon-enzyme activity (Vitamin C & Vitamin E) were estimated as per standard procedures. Results: Therewas a significant (P<0.001) increase in Lipid peroxidation and was significantly (P<0.001) decrease inenzyme activity (SOD, CAT, & GPx) and non- enzyme activity (Vitamin C & Vitamin E) when comparedwith their normal controls. Conclusion: The changes in antioxidant estimation helps in developing a newapproach in understanding the changes in the body under acute exposure to heat water swim stress whichis mainly responsible for pathophysiological changes and to know the thermoregulatory activities of themammals.
Mechanism of Biological Aging-A Review
Authors: Namita  , Mondal Mondal , Bandhu Bandhu
Published: February 2021

Aging is a universal, inherent, natural phenomenon that occurs in all organism. Aging involves morphologicaland functional changes in cellular and extracellular components leading to progressive decline in mostbiological functions. It causes reduction in strength, basal metabolism, sexual activity and the body’sdefenses.Aging is the progressive decline in the maintenance of homeostasis, which leads to decreased response ofthe body against internal and external stress. It involves imbalance between free radicals and the antioxidantmechanism lead to damaged cells, tissues, and organs resulting in age related changes.With age there is modifications in energy metabolism, insulin sensitivity, neuroendocrine function andinduction of hormesis response. Telomere shortening, mitochondrial dysfunction, increase of oxidativestress, alteration of insulin-like growth factor and growth hormone signaling are considered to be importantcontributors of aging process.Recently many genes and changes in gene expression have been found associated with aging which affectsmany biological processes and are associated with senescence and oxidative stress.This review focuses on the underlying mechanism of biological aging. With an increase in the number ofelderly population and the patients of age-related diseases, it is becoming increasingly important to considerthese in the field of research. We have attempted to discuss the different aging mechanism along with thenewer concepts, which can give a direction for the future research studies.
Major Depression Induced Endocrine Modulation is a Risk Factor for Low bone Mineral Density in Premenopausal Women
Authors: Pahari Priyanka , Ailani Vinita , Bhattacharya Julie , Ganguli Ritwik
Published: February 2021

Background: The significant physiological effects of psychological depression are beginning to berecognized as exacerbating common diseases, including osteoporosis. This review discusses the currentevidence for psychological depression-associated mental health disorders as risk factors for osteoporosis,the mechanisms that may link these conditions, and potential implications for treatmentOsteoporosis is a major public health threat and depression is second most important cause of disabilityworldwide in 2020. Several studies have reported an association between depression and low bone mineraldensity, but a causal link between these two conditions is disputed.We propose that depression induces earlybone loss in premenopausal women, primarily via specific endocrine mechanisms associated poor lifestylehabits contributory.Aim and Objectives: To find the clinical correlation between depression, serum cortisol, vitamin D,hypothyroidism and BMD in Premenopausal Women.To find out a new risk factor of secondary osteoporosis in premenopausal women.Methods: The study group consisted of 80 osteoporotic female patient’s age range between 30-60years.Thestate of depression was analyzed by using Ham D scale. BMD and endocrine parameters was measured byDEXA and chemiluminisence,ELISA. Statistical correlation analyzed by SPSS22software.Results: A highly significant (P <0.00001) correlation was observedbetween HAM-D score and serumcortisol. The correlation between HAM-D and BMD was also significant (P <0.05).No significant correlationwas found between BMD and serum cortisol (P? 0.05).The correlation of serum vitamin D with BMD wasfar more significant (P<0.00001) compared to the association with TSH (P<0.0001).Discussion & Conclusion: A high score of depression associated with low vitamin D level or high serumcortisol and TSH level which is a risk factor for low BMD in premenopausal women to develop secondaryosteoporosisIt can be concluded that Irrespective of the specific causes, subjects with depression should be consideredfor screening for bone mineral density and, vice versa, subjects with low BMD should be considered forscreening for depression in early stage of life and supplementation of vitamin D with regular physicalactivity in premenopausal women for prevention of secondary osteoporosis.
Changes in the Polysomnographic Measures in Patients of Chronic Insomnia on Drug Therapy Vs Mindful Awareness
Authors: Kanchan Shweta , Singh B.D , Swaroop Gautam , Kumar Gynendra
Published: February 2021

Background:- Modern day 24*7 lifestyle is witnessing an increase in people with insomnia like neverbefore. The deep and restoring sleep like a baby seems to have vanished from our hectic lifestyles ,andsleep disorders like insomnia have crept in involving people across all ages and sections of society. In thegiven scenario it remains a matter of concern that most primary physicians are not trained in the variousmodalities which could be used for the treatment of insomnia. In the absence of required knowledge ininsomnia management hypnotic medication remain the preferred treatment for insomnia . The present studywas undertaken with a view to study the effectiveness of mindfulness based relaxation therapy vs hypnoticmedication for the treatment of insomnia.Methods :- A cross sectional study was conducted on 100 patients suffering from insomnia in two groups,pharmacotherapy (PCT) group and Mindfulness based stress reduction (MBSR) group. MBSR a programof mindfulness meditation training consisting of one hour long class daily which includes training inprogressive muscular exercises, breathing exercises, standing, sitting and walking meditations. Homepractice expectations were 30 minutes of medication per day and following an attitude of mindfulnessthrough out the day during the four week follow.Result :- The study showed comparable results on all sleep parameters for both groups. There was asignificant increase in total sleep time in both groups, the increase was more with drug group compare tothe MBSR group.Conclusion :- While the time commitment associated with participating in and practicing a behavioralintervention such as MBSR is more than with medication, our results suggest that this is not a deterrent tomost of our participants. Given patient preferences, the side effects of pharmacotherapy, evidence of theefficacy of MBSR and the potential positive benefits of meditation that go beyond management of insomniasymptoms.
The Local spectral theory and surjective spectrum of linear relations
Authors: Mnif M. , Ouled-Hmed A.-A.
Published: February 2021

UDC 517.98
This paper initiates a study of local spectral theory for linear relations. At the beginning, we define the local spectrum and study its properties. Then we obtain results related to the correlation analytic core and quasinilpotent part of a linear relation in a Banach space . As an application, we give a characterization of the surjective spectrum in terms of the local spectrum and show that if , then does not cluster at .
On certain non-linear differential monomial sharing non-zero polynomial
Authors: Majumder S. , Dam A.
Published: February 2021

UDC 517.5
With the idea of normal family we study the uniqueness of meromorphic functions and when and  share two values, where   and is a polynomial. The obtained result significantly improves and generalizes the result in [A. Banerjee, S. Majumder, On certain non-linear differential polynomial sharing a non-zero polynomial, Bol. Soc. Mat. Mex. (2016),https://doi.org/10.1007/s40590-016-0156-0].
Liquid phase dehydration of methyl phenylcarbinol to styrene
Authors:   Kazan National Research Technological University, Sitmuratov Tulkinbek S. , Petukhova Lyubov A. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University, Petukhov Alexandr A. ,   Kazan National Research Technological University
Published: February 2021

For the first time in our country, the industrial styrene production by the method of vapor-phase methylphenylcarbinol (MPhC) dehydration was introduced within the joint propylene oxide and styrene production, consisting OAO «Nizhnekamskneftekhim» facility. This process makes it economically feasible to obtain a combined product – propylene oxide and styrene. However, continuous process exploitation at the OAO «Nizhnekamskneftekhim» facility allowed revealing a number of significant faults caused by economic and environmental factors toughening. First of all, it is high energy consumption due to high process temperature and high water steam consumption for steam dilution, which affects the increase in the cost of production. In almost all technological scheme areas of this production, high boiling by-products, so-called high boiling components, are formed. One of these problem solution versions is the transfer of production to a new technology of styrene production by MPhC dehydration, which is carried out in the liquid phase at lower temperatures (up to 190 °C) using new homogeneous highly selective catalysts that exclude the by-products formation, including high-boiling components. The principal advantage of this technology is to reduce the cost of marketable styrene by reducing energy costs (heat, recycled water, water vapor, fuel gas, electricity), reducing the metal consumption of the technological scheme and increasing styrene production by reducing the amount of waste. The comparative tests results with three samples of homogeneous catalysts activity in the MPhC dehydration into styrene process are presented in the work. The tests were carried out under conditions of periodically and continuously operating laboratory installations made of glass, equipped with dosing, condensation, separation and collection systems for reaction products. Quantitative composition of reaction products is identified by chromatography methods. As a result of the conducted tests, in the presence of the used catalysts, the process control modes were selected, and the installations efficiency was checked.
Analytical description of sodium halogenides melts specific electric conductivity and its calculation for sodium astatide melt
Authors:   Samara State Technical University, Garkushin Ivan K. , Lavrenteva Olga V. ,   Samara State Technical University, Gilmanova Karina R. ,   Samara State Technical University, Andreeva Yana A. ,   Samara State Technical University
Published: February 2021

The paper presents analytical and graphical dependences of the individual haloganides melts specific electrical conductivity æ of the sodium NaHal series (Hal – F, Cl, Br, I) on the halogen order number Z, ionic radius r of haloganide-ion Hal–, halogen ionic potential 1/r, reduced ionic radius r/Z, difference of electronegativity (∆χ = χ(Hal) – χ(Na)): æ = f(Z); æ = f(r); æ = f(1/r); æ = f(r/Z); æ = f(∆χ) for the temperature higher melting temperatures on 5, 10, 50, 75, 100, 150 и 200°. M.Kh. Karapetyans сomparative methods were applied for the description. The minimum standard deviation and maximum correlation coefficient corresponds to the equation æ–1 = a + bexp1/r, according to which the numerical values of æ(NaAt) are calculated for real temperatures. The temperature dependence æ of the NaAt melt is described by the equation æ = 0.0508+0.0023Т. A comparative analysis of the relationship between the specific electrical conductivity of NaHal melts at a temperature of Tm + n (n = 10 ... 200° higher the melting temperature) and æ at (Tm + 5°). A comparative analysis is represented by straightforward dependencies. It was shown that the specific electrical conductivity of the NaAt melt is related to the electrical conductivity of LiAt by the direct equation æ(NaAt) = 0.035+0.607æ(LiAt). The straight line equationalso relates æ of the NaHal melt (Hal – F, Br, I, At) to the specific conductivity of the NaCl melt. Between the numerical values of the specific electrical conductivity of the sodium astatide (NaAt) melt calculated by different methods, consistent data were obtained.
Biogas production by fermentation of residual biomass of microalgae and duckweed
Authors:   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Smyatskaya Yulia A. , Politaeva Natalia A. ,   Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Published: February 2021

This article discusses the use of residual biomass of microalgae Chlorella Sorokiniana and the residual biomass of duckweed Lemna minor (OBR) as a raw material for biogas production. Residual biomass is formed after the treatment of valuable components from the biomass of microalgae and duckweed. The fermentation process was carried out using an inoculant – lyophilized activated sludge with the addition of vitamins and macro- and microelements. Experimental studies were carried out using the Anaerobes Testsystem AMPT-II system, which made it possible to maintain a temperature of 37 °C. When fermenting 2.1 g of OBH, it was possible to obtain 205 ml of methane, and when fermenting 2.5 g of OBR, 256 ml of methane was released, while in the control bioreactor 45 ml of methane was formed. Obtaining biogas by fermenting the residual biomass of microalgae and duckweed can significantly increase the amount of methane released, which is part of biogas. The lipids and carbohydrates included in the biomass can intensify the fermentation processes and increase the amount of biogas released.
Using of chemical sensors for rapid diagnostic tests of exhaled air
Authors:   Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Maximova Elena N. , Bezdetnova Alyona E. ,   Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Shashmurin Yury G. ,   Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Maskaeva Larisa N. ,   Ural Federal University Named After the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Markov Vyacheslav F. ,   Ural State Fire Service Institute of Emergency Ministry of Russia, Dyakov Victor F. ,   Ural State Fire Service Institute of Emergency Ministry of Russia
Published: February 2021

The analysis of exhaled air on specific biomarkers content is one of the most promising and at the same time simplest methods of early disease detection. In the present paper the analysis of this issue has been performed on an example of diagnosis of some the most dangerous diseases, based on available literature. The relevance of research on application of new diagnostic methods, namely rapid diagnostic tests using chemical sensors, is shown in this work. The main disadvantages of modern medical diagnostics in comparison with advantages of solid-state chemical detectors application have been shown. General details about traditional methods of exhaled air analysis have been provided. The characteristic of chemical sensors and principle of their work was outlined. The main part of the literature review contains the results of the diseases diagnosis by analyzing expired air of people who suffer with diabetes mellitus, tuberculosis and cancer. Сhemical sensors or devices based on them, such as an electronic nose, served as control instruments. The review presents identifiable and potential biomarkers for these diseases. So as a rule, acetone vapour is selected as a biomarker of diabetes. At the same time, the choice of biomarkers for most of oncological diseases still remains a serious problem. Despite this, high results of analysis on the sensitivity and specificity of the used sensor devices to the diseases under consideration were noted in many cases compared with people in the control groups. Also the materials used for the manufacture of sensor elements and their design characteristics have been considered in the review. Doped metal oxides, quartz resonators covered with special coatings, nanomaterials based on gold particles and carbon nanotubes are most often used for the producing of sensor elements. The obtained research data indicate that the research area under consideration is promising, and widespread introduction of non-invasive express diagnostics in medical practice can be expected in the near future.
Predicting possibility of the fractional composition high-viscosity oils by the integral optical spectral characteristics
Authors:   Bashkir Scientific Research Institute of Petroleum Refining, Dolomatova Milana M. , Dolomatov Mikhail Yu. ,   Bashkir Scientific Research Institute of Petroleum Refining, Hairudinov Rashid I. ,   Institute of Physics and Technology of Bashkir State University, Hairudinov Ildar R. ,   Institute of Physics and Technology of Bashkir State University, Manapov Rafael S. ,   Ufa State Petroleum Technological University
Published: February 2021

Express determination of the properties of hydrocarbon fractions is of great practical importance for operational control of operating modes of various technological equipment in petrochemical and oil refining industries. Currently, complex equipment is required to determine the fractional composition of high-viscosity oils. Analysis of the fractional composition on this equipment is a long process and takes several hours. Therefore, to solve the problem of Express oil quality control, the task of finding ways to quickly determine the fractional composition is urgent. The purpose of this study is to study the possibility of fractional composition of high-viscosity oils by integral spectral descriptors of optical absorption. Processing of data on the fractional composition of oil fractions and optical spectra in the UV and visible ranges by the least squares method established a linear relationship between the temperature parameters (the boiling point and the boiling point) and the integral parameters (the integral forces of the oscillator) of the optical absorption spectra. The adequacy of the results is confirmed by statistical data processing. The correlation coefficients for the start and end boiling point are 0.97. The absolute error of the calculations is 11.24, the relative error is from 3.90 and 3.64, respectively. These values are within the experimental error, which indicates the adequacy of the calculated data.
Kinetic model of the crystallization process of Cu46Zr50Al4 metallic glass
Authors:   Institute of metallurgy UB RAS, Ryltseva Anastasiya A. , Kulikova Tatyana V. ,   Ural Federal University, Bykov Victor A. ,   Ural Federal University, Ryltsev Roman E. ,   Ural Federal University
Published: February 2021

Nanocomposite materials based on the Cu-Zr glass-forming system, which are an amorphous matrix with crystalline inclusions of the cubic B2 phase of the CuZr compound, are promising structural materials due to their unique mechanical properties. One of the methods for producing such materials is the heat treatment of amorphous samples. To develop optimal conditions for such processing, it is necessary to study the kinetics of crystallization of amorphous copper-zirconium. In this work, the crystallization processes, structure and thermal properties of the amorphous Cu46Zr50Al4 alloy, obtained by suction casting were studied for the first time in a wide temperature range from room temperature up to 600 °C. We reveal the complex character of the crystallization process of this alloy described by a three-step sequential reaction. Using a comprehensive approach, including calorimetric studies, X-ray phase analysis and kinetic modeling by multivariate nonlinear regression, we develop the kinetic model and estimate kinetic parameters of the crystallization processes in the alloy. We find that the best description of the experimental data is achieved when autocatalytic equations are used to model crystallization processes: a heterogeneous n-th order reaction with autocatalysis, as well as the Prout-Tompkins equation. The found activation energy of crystallization of the alloy is Ea = 387.59 kJ/mol. Based on the results obtained, we propose a procedure for fabricating the nanocomposite materials by heating an amorphous alloy up to temperatures of about 420-460 °C.
The effect of pyridine on the electrochemical parameters of the hydroxonium discharge at the copper cathode
Authors:   Chelyabinsk State University, Kolesnikov Alexander V. , Ageenko Egor I. ,   Chelyabinsk State University
Published: February 2021

In this work, we studied the electrochemical reduction of hydrogen (hydroxonium ion) from acidic aqueous solutions in the presence of a surface active substance – pyridine. H2SO4 (r.h.) was used as a reagent to study the discharge of hydroxonium cations. The effect of pyridine on the reduction of hydrogen cations was carried out in solutions of sulfuric acid (0.09; 0.18; 0.36 M) with pyridine additives from 1.4·10-3 to 8.4·10-3 M. Potentiostatic studies were performed on a Potentiostat P-30Jcom Elins using a three-electrode cell. The working electrode (cathode) was made of M1 grade copper with an area of 0.09 cm2; auxiliary (anode) – from a platinum plate with an area of 0.20 cm2, the reference electrode is silver chloride (AgCl/Ag). The results are presented according to the average data obtained during 30 s of electrolysis in the potential region (-950-1100 mV for AgCl/Ag), with potentiometric measurements. The results are presented by the average data obtained in the initial 5 s of the process, in studies in the galvanostatic mode at current densities from 0 to 110 mV/cm2. An increase in the constant current of load almost to a small extent influenced the change in overvoltage with time, as shown by galvanostatic studies. Overvoltage, on average, decreased from 3-6 to 1-2 mV in the first 5 seconds of the beginning of the process, during the study with or without pyridine. Overvoltage ceased to depend after 10-15 s on the time of galvanostation. The effect of the addition of pyridine to the electrolyte was studied and it was shown that the negative effect of pyridine on the discharge of the hydroxonium ion increases with increasing acidity of the electrolyte. An increase in the density of exchange currents with a decrease in the content of sulfuric acid in the electrolyte is noted, which is associated with the approach of the electrode system to the equilibrium state. The decrease in the transfer coefficients of the hydrogen discharge reaction with an increase in the acid of content in the electrolyte and pyridine additives was explained by the distant position of the transition state localization from the electrode surface. The calculations of the reaction order for the hydroxonium ion in the presence and absence of pyridine in the electrolyte are presented. The obtained value of the reaction order, taking into account standard errors close to unity, allows us to conclude that at the initial stage, the hydroxonium of molecule is discharged, the products of which are atomic hydrogen, the HSO4 anion and water. In the kinetics of the process of the discharge of hydrogen cations, the stages can further play an important role: surface diffusion of hydrogen ad-atoms, formation of gas bubbles and their desorption, adsorption of hydrogen by metal.
Process water inhibition method for hydraulic testing
Authors:   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Krymskaya Renata S. , Gritskevich Anna I. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University, Khodzhaev Rustam S. ,   St. Petersburg State Marine Technical University
Published: February 2021

Since any hydro-testing is closely related to storage of the tested metal products, the first stage of any hydro-testing is to clean the inner surface of the metal product from either preservative or corrosion products that appeared during storage. Nowadays, we widely use polymers and polymer-based materials for cleaning metals and alloys surfaces of corrosion products. Such agents must satisfy the following requirements: firstly, firmly bind pollution and oxidized forms of metals, preventing surface passivation; secondly, be easily removed from the surface after cleaning; thirdly, components of the cleaning composition should not cause surface oxidation. However, these cleaning methods may not be suitable for hydro-testing due to possible formation of highly toxic waste water, so we often use methods of simultaneous washing with safer soda and citric acid under high pressure, followed by purging with dry air. The paper studies aqueous solutions of N-M-1 corrosion inhibitor mixed with alkali as a corrosion suppressing method in hydraulic tests before commissioning of any product pipelines in order to reduce concentration of a toxic inhibitor in inhibited water. The experiment had two focuses: to assess effectiveness of a new mixture in terms of corrosion inhibition during product pipelines commissioning and to assess toxicity of the mixture using an acid test on two testing objects from two different systematic groups. We proved that, without losing its corrosion inhibition effectiveness in hydro-testing, the mixture can be safely dumped in sewer systems, being preliminarily acidified to acceptable pH values, thanks to lowered N-M-1 concentration. Apart from that, we identified a synergistic effect of N-M-1 corrosion inhibitor acting with NaOH alkali.
Investigation of the dielectric properties of copolymers based on 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorostyrene, styrene, 4-fluoro-α-methylstyrene and α-methylstyrene
Authors:   Samara National Research University, Dolgin Ignat S. , Purygin Pyotr P. ,   Samara National Research University, Zarubin Yury P. ,   Samara National Research University
Published: February 2021

Three new copolymers based on fluorine-containing derivatives of styrene and α-methylstyrene were obtained. According to the results of the previous stages of the study, copolymers based on styrene derivatives have improved dielectric properties compared to polystyrene and a copolymer of styrene and α-methyl styrene. The dielectric constant ε and dielectric loss tangent tanδ were measured for the initial and synthesized samples of styrene – α-methyl styrene copolymer at Samara Electromechanical Plant OJ-SC (Samara city, Russia). All measurements of dielectric characteristics were carried out at an alternating current frequency of 10 GHz on a pressed copolymer tablet with a diameter of 10 and a thickness of 3 mm. During the experiment, a measuring stand was used, consisting of a high-frequency signal generator G4-83, an electronically counting frequency meter Ch3-54 with a frequency converter YaZCh-43, a measuring amplifier U2-4; low-frequency signal generator G3-109; measuring unit FKDG 418151.002. The results obtained indicate high values of the dielectric constant. For samples of copolymers of α-methylstyrene – 4-fluoro-α-methylstyrene and styrene – 4-fluoro-α-methylstyrene, values of 4.63 and 4.21, respectively, were obtained. These dielectric permittivity values are superior not only to samples previously obtained during the experiment, but also to some other compounds that are widely used in industry. In particular, the dielectric constant of lavsan, which is used in the manufacture of capacitors, is 3.1-3.3. The improved dielectric constant values are probably related to the high-quality composition of the copolymer. Samples of the copolymer containing 4-fluoro-α-methylstyrene are significantly superior to the copolymer with 2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorostyrene for this characteristic. The values of the dielectric loss tangent are in the range from 8.74∙10−4 to 37.4∙10−4. Given the dielectric characteristics of the synthesized copolymers, we can conclude that there are good prospects for the use of fluorine-containing styrene copolymers. The obtained values of permittivity and dielectric loss tangent indicate a good possible competitiveness of new materials based on new copolymers. In the future, it is planned to study a number of other physicochemical properties of these materials in order to obtain the most complete spectrum of their characteristics.
Самобытность образа детства в художественном мире Ивана Сергеевича Шмелева
Authors: Shestakova E. Yu.
Published: February 2021

Монография посвящена раскрытию самобытного, уникального образа детства, воплощенного в произведениях русского писателя первой половины XX века Ивана Сергеевича Шмелева. В исследовании рассматриваются вопросы своеобразия образно-мотивной системы текстов, их идейно-эстетического содержания, оригинальности языковой структуры, изобразительных средств и способов отображения, эволюции мировоззренческих взглядов писателя, повлекших за собой изменение художественного метода изображения. Книга адресована преподавателям, ученым-филологам, аспирантам, студентам.