bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Dose-escalated Hypofractionated Intensity-modulated Radiation Therapy With Concurrent Chemotherapy for Inoperable or Unresectable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Kim Julian O. , Chu Karen P. , Fairchild Alysa , Ghosh Sunita , Butts Charles , Chu Quincy , Gabos Zsolt , Joy Anil A. , Nijjar Tirath , Robinson Donald M. , Sangha Randeep , Scrimger Rufus , Smylie Micheal , Yee Don , Roa Wilson H.
Published: October 2014

Purpose:

The local control of inoperable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using standard radiotherapy (RT) doses is inadequate. Dose escalation is a potential strategy to improve the local control for patients with NSCLC; however, the optimal dose required for local control in this setting is unknown.

Methods and Materials:

Patients with unresectable or inoperable stage II/III NSCLC with ECOG≤1 received 48 Gy in 20 daily fractions using intensity-modulated radiotherapy, followed by 1 of 3 boost dose levels: 16.8 Gy/7 (cumulative 2 Gy equivalent dose [EQD2]≅76 Gy/38), 20.0 Gy/7 (EQD2≅84 Gy/42), and 22.7 Gy/7 (EQD2≅92 Gy/46). Two cycles of cisplatin/etoposide chemotherapy were given concurrent with RT. The maximum tolerated dose was defined as the dose at which ≥30% experienced dose-limiting toxicity (any NCIC Common Terminology for Adverse Events V3.0 grade 3 or higher acute toxicity).

Results:

Twelve patients completed treatment with a median follow-up of 22 months (range, 7 to 48). The median age was 72 (range, 54 to 80) and 50% of patients had adenocarcinoma. Five, 3, and 4 patients were treated on dose levels 1, 2, and 3, respectively. No dose-limiting toxicity was observed. One-year local progression-free survival and overall survival estimates were 81% and 58%, respectively.

Conclusions:

Hypofractionated intensity-modulated radiotherapy was well tolerated and provided meaningful local control for patients with locally advanced inoperable NSCLC. The maximum tolerated dose of RT in this setting lies beyond an EQD2 of 92 Gy/46 and further dose escalation in this setting is warranted.
Older Patients With Early-stage Breast Cancer
Authors: Nagar Himanshu , Yan Weisi , Christos Paul , Chao K.S. Clifford , Nori Dattatreyudu , Ravi Akkamma
Published: October 2014

Purpose:

Studies have shown that older women are undertreated for breast cancer. Few data are available on cancer-related death in elderly women aged 70 years and older with pathologic stage T1a-b N0 breast cancer and the impact of prognostic factors on cancer-related death.

Methods:

The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was queried for women aged 70 years or above diagnosed with pT1a or pT1b, N0 breast cancer who underwent breast conservation surgery from 1999 to 2003. The Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed to evaluate breast cause-specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS), and the log-rank test was employed to compare CSS/OS between different groups of interest. Multivariable analysis (MVA), using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis, was performed to evaluate the independent effect of age, race, stage, grade, ER status, and radiation treatment on CSS. Adjusted hazard ratios were calculated from the MVA and reflect the increased risk of breast cancer death. Competing-risks survival regression was also performed to adjust the univariate and multivariable CSS hazard ratios for the competing event of death due to causes other than breast cancer.

Results:

Patients aged 85 and above had a greater risk of breast cancer death compared with patients aged 70 to 74 years (referent category) (adjusted hazard ratio [HRs]=1.98). Race had no effect on CSS. Patients with stage T1bN0 breast cancer had a greater risk of breast cancer death compared with stage T1aN0 patients (adjusted HR=1.35; P=0.09). ER negative patients had a greater risk of breast cancer death compared with ER positive patients (adjusted HR=1.59; P<0.017). Patients with higher grade tumors had a greater risk of breast cancer death compared with patients with grade 1 tumors (referent category) (adjusted HRs=1.69 and 2.96 for grade 2 and 3, respectively). Patients who underwent radiation therapy had a lower risk of breast cancer death compared with patients who did not (adjusted HR=0.55; P<0.0001).

Conclusions:

Older patients with higher grade, pT1b, ER-negative breast cancer had increased risk of breast cancer-related death. Adjuvant radiation therapy may provide a CSS benefit in this elderly patient population.
Defect dynamics in active nematics
Authors: Giomi Luca , Bowick Mark J , Mishra Prashant , Sknepnek Rastko , Cristina Marchetti M
Published: October 2014

Topological defects are distinctive signatures of liquid crystals. They profoundly affect the viscoelastic behaviour of the fluid by constraining the orientational structure in a way that inevitably requires global changes not achievable with any set of local deformations. In active nematic liquid crystals, topological defects not only dictate the global structure of the director, but also act as local sources of motion, behaving as self-propelled particles. In this article, we present a detailed analytical and numerical study of the mechanics of topological defects in active nematic liquid crystals.
Crenobacter luteus gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a hot spring
Authors: Dong Lei , Ming Hong , Zhou En-Min , Yin Yi-Rui , Liu Lan , Feng Hui-Geng , Xian Wen-Dong , Nie Guo-Xing , Li Wen-Jun
Published: October 2014

A slightly thermophilic, Gram-staining-negative and strictly aerobic bacteria, designated strain YIM 78141T, was isolated from a sediment sample collected at Hehua hot spring, Tengchong, Yunnan province, south-west China. Cells of the strain were short-rod-shaped and colonies were yellowish and circular. The strain grew at pH 6.0–10.0 (optimum, pH 8.0–9.0) and 10–55 °C (optimum, 40–50 °C). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequence comparison demonstrated that strain YIM 78141T belongs to the family

Neisseriaceae

, and strain YIM 78141T also showed low levels of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity (below 93.4 %) with all other genera in this family. The only quinone was ubiquinone 8 and the genomic DNA G+C content was 67.3 mol%. Major fatty acids (>5 %) were C12 : 0, C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω7c and summed feature 3. The polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phospholipids of unknown structure containing aminoglycophospholipid and three unidentified polar lipids. On the basis of the morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics as well as genotypic data, this strain should be classified as a representative of a novel genus and species of the family

Neisseriaceae

, for which the name Crenobacter luteus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is YIM 78141T ( = BCRC 80650T = KCTC 32558T = DSM 27258T).
Cooperative development of logical modelling standards and tools with CoLoMoTo
Authors: Naldi Aurélien , Monteiro Pedro T. , Müssel Christoph ,   the Consortium for Logical Models and Tools, Kestler Hans A. , Thieffry Denis , Xenarios Ioannis , Saez-Rodriguez Julio , Helikar Tomas , Chaouiya Claudine
Published: October 2014

The identification of large regulatory and signalling networks involved in the control of crucial cellular processes calls for proper modelling approaches. Indeed, models can help elucidate properties of these networks, understand their behaviour, and provide (testable) predictions by performing in silico experiments. In this context, qualitative, logical frameworks have emerged as relevant approaches as demonstrated by a growing number of published models, along with new methodologies and software tools. This productive activity now requires a concerted effort to ensure model reusability and interoperability between tools. Here, we outline the logical modelling framework and present the most important achievements of theConsortium forLogicalModels andTools, along with future objectives. This open community welcomes contributions from all researchers interested in logical modelling or in related mathematical and computational developments.
The first X-ray diffraction measurements on Mars
Authors: Bish David , Blake David , Vaniman David , Sarrazin Philippe , Bristow Thomas , Achilles Cherie , Dera Przemyslaw , Chipera Steve , Crisp Joy , Downs R. T. , Farmer Jack , Gailhanou Marc , Ming Doug , Morookian John Michael , Morris Richard , Morrison Shaunna , Rampe Elizabeth , Treiman Allan , Yen Albert
Published: October 2014

The Mars Science Laboratory landed in Gale crater on Mars in August 2012, and the Curiosity rover then began field studies on its drive toward Mount Sharp, a central peak made of ancient sediments. CheMin is one of ten instruments on or inside the rover, all designed to provide detailed information on the rocks, soils and atmosphere in this region. CheMin is a miniaturized X-ray diffraction/X-ray fluorescence (XRD/XRF) instrument that uses transmission geometry with an energy-discriminating CCD detector. CheMin uses onboard standards for XRD and XRF calibration, and beryl:quartz mixtures constitute the primary XRD standards. Four samples have been analysed by CheMin, namely a soil sample, two samples drilled from mudstones and a sample drilled from a sandstone. Rietveld and full-pattern analysis of the XRD data reveal a complex mineralogy, with contributions from parent igneous rocks, amorphous components and several minerals relating to aqueous alteration. In particular, the mudstone samples all contain one or more phyllosilicates consistent with alteration in liquid water. In addition to quantitative mineralogy, Rietveld refinements also provide unit-cell parameters for the major phases, which can be used to infer the chemical compositions of individual minerals and, by difference, the composition of the amorphous component.
A re-design of undergraduate medical training in intellectual disability: building psychological capital and imparting knowledge to redress health inequalities
Authors: Harwood Ian , Hassiotis Angela
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– Over 1,250 people with intellectual disabilities die unnecessarily every year in NHS care. The purpose of this paper is to develop higher-order learning amongst medical students to increase engagement with this disadvantaged group and redress this injustice in care provision.

Design/methodology/approach

– The Psychiatry of Intellectual Disability input to University College London's (UCL) undergraduate medicine MBBS curriculum was re-designed. Materials were developed to broaden the students’ understanding of the stigma and health implication of intellectual disability and the affect it has on the care received by these patients. These were delivered in lecture and e-learning formats. The concept of psychological capital was used to frame the development of new materials with direct involvement of service users with intellectual disability. It is a management model designed to promote higher levels of learning, resulting in a deeper understanding of patient issues by UCL medical graduates.

Findings

– Findings from the online survey that accompanies the e-learning materials suggests that students have overwhelmingly adopted a positive outlook towards patients with intellectual disability and consider training necessary for all doctors. The filmed scenarios with people with intellectual disability appealed to students.

Practical implications

– The broadening of the educational materials required a re-design of the methods of curriculum delivery, a higher level of self-directed learning and student time commitment. Further assessments of the impact of the module are planned to include formative assessments of learning.

Social implications

– Medical lack of knowledge, personal attitudes and a reluctance to engage with people with intellectual disability have been identified as barriers to their receiving appropriate care.

Originality/value

– A blend of organisational change theories has been integrated into the production of a new, multi-media, e-learning package.
Training and developing staff in general hospitals: intellectual disability liaison nurses and the RAID model
Authors: Walsh Nick , Handley Tricia , Hall Ian
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to address the serious problems that people with intellectual disability face in getting their healthcare needs met in general hospitals by improving the training of general hospital staff.

Design/methodology/approach

– Review of recent developments in models of service provision including the development of intellectual disability liaison nurses and the RAID model in liaison psychiatry.

Findings

– There is much scope for intellectual disability liaison nurses and liaison psychiatry services to work together in staff training in general hospitals. There is a clear strategic role for both services in convincing the management of general hospitals to implement such training using economic and quality arguments.

Originality/value

– The authors suggest a new model of working to improve the healthcare outcomes of people with intellectual disabilities through effective training of staff in general hospitals.
Involving people with intellectual disabilities in the assessment of healthcare professionals
Authors: Soni Sujata , Hall Ian , Doulton Phill , Bowie Peter
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– It is widely recognised that people with intellectual disabilities receive a poorer quality of healthcare than their non-disabled counterparts. Training for healthcare professionals in intellectual disability is often scant or non-existent. The purpose of this paper is to explore the usefulness of employing actors with intellectual disabilities as simulated patients in the assessment of trainee psychiatrists.

Design/methodology/approach

– The development of a structured clinical exam “station” designed to assess the ability of trainee psychiatrists to communicate with a simulated patient played by an actor with an intellectual disability is described. The paper also assesses the potential benefits of this kind of assessment and the experience of actors and examiners taking part in this process.

Findings

– The station was found to perform well in discriminating between candidates of various abilities and was well received by actors, examiners and observers. The station is now routinely used in the formal assessment of trainee psychiatrists.

Practical implications

– The use of people with intellectual disabilities in training and assessment appears to be advantageous in terms of improving knowledge, attitudes and skills amongst healthcare professionals and gives increased opportunities for people with intellectual disabilities to undertake valued social roles.

Originality/value

– Few institutions currently employ actors with intellectual disabilities as simulated patients as part of their training programmes and as a result there is little in the way of literature on this subject. This paper describes an alternative approach to teaching and assessment which falls in line with recommendations from the Department of Health to involve service users in the training of healthcare professionals.
Career success: fit or marketability?
Authors: Y. Haines Victor , Hamouche Salima , Saba Tania
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– In response to the conclusions of a meta-analysis of career success studies (Nget al., 2005), the purpose of this paper is to expand the range of variables being examined as predictors of career success by weaving the person-organization fit and external marketability perspectives into current career success frameworks.

Design/methodology/approach

– A survey was administered in partnership with an association of human resource professionals located in Canada. The questionnaire was transmitted electronically to human resource professionals. The final sample included 546 full-time, permanent, human resource professionals from multiple organizations.

Findings

– Confirmatory factor analysis supported the measurement model. In the final structural model, external marketability exerted a significant direct effect on career success. Person-organization fit was strongly associated with organizational sponsorship. Organizational sponsorship, in turn, exerted a significant effect on subjective career success.

Originality/value

– This study contrasted and tested two theoretical perspectives on career success. The mediated indirect association between person-organization fit and career success provided support for the rationale of the sponsored mobility model of social advancement. The direct association between external marketability and career success suggests that success can be achieved even without organizational sponsorship on the basis of expressions of one’s human capital.
Religiousness in times of job insecurity: job demand or resource?
Authors: Schreurs Bert , van Emmerik Hetty , De Cuyper Nele , Probst Tahira , van den Heuvel Machteld , Demerouti Eva
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– Departing from the job demands resources model, the purpose of this paper is to investigate whether religion, defined as strength of religious faith, can be viewed as resource or as demand. More specifically, the authors addressed the question as to how job insecurity and religion interact in predicting burnout and change-oriented behavior.

Design/methodology/approach

– The authors conducted moderated structural equation modeling on survey data from a sample of 238 employees confronted with organizational change.

Findings

– Results were largely consistent with the “religion as a demand” hypothesis: religion exacerbated rather than buffered the negative effects of job insecurity, so that the adverse impact of job insecurity was stronger for highly religious employees than for employees with low levels of religiousness. Religious employees appear to experience more strain when faced with the possibility of job loss.

Originality/value

– The results of this study challenge and extend existing knowledge on the role of religion in coping with life stressors. The dominant view has been that religion is beneficial in coping with major stressors. The results of this study, however, suggest otherwise: religion had an exacerbating rather than a buffering effect on the relationship between job insecurity and outcomes.
The role of chronological age and work experience on emotional labor
Authors: Hur Won-Moo , Moon Tae-Won , Han Su-Jin
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to investigate how chronological age and work experience affect emotional labor strategies (i.e. deep acting and surface acting) through emotional intelligence (EI).

Design/methodology/approach

– Structural equation modeling analysis provided support for the hypotheses based on a sample of 256 flight attendants working for four South Korean airlines.

Findings

– The results showed that chronological age has a positive effect on both surface and deep acting. The study also found that work experience has a negative influence on surface acting, whereas it has a non-significant effect on deep acting. In addition, the investigation suggests that EI mediates the relationship between work experience and deep acting.

Originality/value

– The current study will add to the growing body of research on emotional labor by examining the effect of chronological age and work experience on emotional labor strategies through EI.
An assessment of land use sources of barriers and the community-based housing model in the UK
Authors: Ayoade Oladotun , Ahmed Vian
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– The aim of this study is to define land use policy sources of barriers to community-based housing options in practice.

Design/methodology/approach

– The paper accentuated the need to tackle land use sources of barrier to Community Land Trust (CLT) performance, through text analysis of semi-structured interview responses from key stakeholders.

Findings

– This study found out that there is a need to ameliorate stakeholder approach to community-based housing (CBH), which is hampered by restrictive land use sources of barriers that occur in an urban and rural context. These barriers were found to include both planning inadequacies and a systemic inefficient network of knowledge transfer practices between stakeholders. Recommendations include the need for drastic policy intervention through the political willingness to address Section 106 shortcomings in the choice of affordable housing supply models, and the inaccessibility of land below market rate in an endogenous prescriptive planning system.

Practical implications

– This paper highlights the subjective limitations of the CLT model in regards to grey areas between setting boundaries to what is an acceptable level of concessions to CBH and the socio-economic impact or benefits of a completely deregulated social housing system. These boundaries do vary from system to system, hence the need for UK housing institutions to address identified inherent barrier sources and their reconciliation with international best practices. Therefore, greater roles can be accorded to the CLT model in the UK affordable housing dynamics based on its confirmed strengths and merits.

Originality/value

– This paper adds to literature through the practical identification and interpretation of various key stakeholder perspectives on sources of CLT barriers and an idealised strategy to tackling them accordingly. This contributes to the housing affordability debate on the viability of CBH options, and how it could be invariably hampered by direct and indirect effects of planning and restrictive land use policies in practice.
Marketing strategies in the Istanbul housing market
Authors: Çinar Candan
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this study is to demonstrate whether the leading argument of construction firms, which have been active in the mass production of housing for the past 10 years in Istanbul, that in addition to the features of the house itself, the position of the house in the city, in other words its location, the new lifestyles the house offers and the social reinforcements the house provides are of great significance is valid or not. This was done by analyzing the contents of the advertising copies of houses present in the printed media.

Design/methodology/approach

– In this study, the printed advertising copies of the projects realized by the mass housing construction firms which have carried out at least six projects in Istanbul housing market, have been analyzed and assessed by “content analysis”, one of the qualitative research methods of social sciences. As it can be observed from the results of the analysis, the house, while being regarded as a product and marketed via its features, also has become a product presented to the consumer as a result of its position in the city, in other words its location, the new lifestyles it offers and the social reinforcements it provides.

Findings

– As this study has demonstrated, marketing strategies based on attracting the attention of the customer by making use of means of communication are also valid for housing in Istanbul housing market. Housing is marketed not only according to its features as a product but also according to the urban area where it is situated, new lifestyles and social reinforcements it presents. In this marketing process, the features of the housing itself; its size, construction technology, quality of the fine materials, earthquake resistance, etc. as well as the urban area where the housing is situated, the location of it, opportunities of infrastructure and superstructure of the housing become the foregrounded arguments in the advertising copies.

Originality/value

– This study is that, as a requirement of modern-day marketing, the consumption relation of the consumer to the house is not simply based on the features of the house, that modern-day marketing tries to capture the attention of the consumer via the position of the house in the city (location), which is the equivalent of the other symbolic values associated with the house, the lifestyles it presents and the social reinforcements it provides.
Production and production over-supply in construction: estimating unsold stock in Italy
Authors: Ciaramella Andrea , Celani Alberto
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– The aim of the article is to identify the limitations and critical issues in the way information in the real estate sector in Italy is currently managed, and propose the principles of a method that would provide information and comparison of the phenomenon of over-supply and non-rational land use. This study is based on a series of assumptions, the first of which is a definition of “unsold”, deemed to mean “the amount of new housing units neither occupied nor sold nor rented”. In effect, unsold stock can be considered as over-supply of construction.

Design/methodology/approach

– The article identifies the critical aspects in the determination of unsold real estate in Italy, starting from the available data and research already carried out; the results are often contradictory. The comparison with programming systems of building production adopted in other countries allows identification of the guidelines that can be used to better understand and combat the phenomenon.

Findings

– The assessment of the state -of-the-art provides a clear picture of the shortcomings and potential of the tools used to date to meet the need of studying a complex phenomenon with many obscure points. Following the empirical analysis comes out a picture of inefficiencies due to the poor quality of information, as well as the reluctance of data-sharing and -integration procedures by the institutional and market players.

Research limitations/implications

– The research produces solutions addressed to the Italian situation, but it identifies systems and methods used in other countries.

Practical implications

– The article suggests the collection systems and management information that can be used for a more accurate knowledge of unsold real estate.

Social implications

– The article focuses on some of the limits of the Italian real estate market, highlighting the need for greater transparency and how this can contribute to a more conscious approach to the market.

Originality/value

– The article seeks to provide the necessary answers to those who must understand the reasons of harmful effects for the market, such as overproduction; besides some models focused on three areas – the procedures, the organization and the market – are also proposed.
Violence, fear and anti-violence: the Batek of Peninsular Malaysia
Authors: Tacey Ivan , Riboli Diana
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyze socio-cultural and political forces which have shaped anti-violent attitudes and strategies of the Batek and Batek Tanum of Peninsular Malaysia.

Design/methodology/approach

– Data collection during the authors’ long-term, multi-sited ethnographic fieldwork among the Batek and Batek Tanum in Peninsular Malaysia. Methodology included participant observation, semi-structured interviews and a literature review of texts on the Orang Asli and anthropological theories on violence.

Findings

– Traumatic experiences of past violence and atrocities greatly influence the Batek's and Batek Tanum's present attitudes toward direct and structural forms of violence. A variety of anti-violent strategies are adopted, including the choice to escape when physically threatened. Rather than demonstrating “weakness,” this course of action represents a smart survival strategy. External violence reinforces values of internal cooperation and mutual-aid that foraging societies, even sedentary groups, typically privilege. In recent years, the Batek's increasing political awareness has opened new forms of resistance against the structural violence embedded within Malaysian society.

Originality/value

– The study proposes that societies cannot simply be labelled as violent or non-violent on the basis of socio-biological theories. Research into hunter-gatherer social organization and violence needs to be reframed within larger debates about structural violence. The “anti-violence” of certain foraging groups can be understood as a powerful form of resilience to outside pressures and foraging groups’ best possible strategy for survival.
Thinking about thinking
Authors: Martin Dick
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– Business strategists can easily become slaves to their inbox or to the passing enthusiasm of the times, their supervisors or outside influencers, ranging from social activists to securities analysts and investment bankers. This article seeks to put their work in historical context and to encourage them to engage in meta-cognition – a deep consideration of their role in helping to shape their business’s response to its current environment and challenges.

Design/methodology/approach

– The article reviews the history of modern business strategy and divides it into three major phases, centered on the theories and practices of three strategists: Frederick Taylor, Peter Drucker and Michael Porter. The author suggests that each of these strategists was addressing the key business questions of their time and influenced the thinking of others who built on – and in many cases improved on – their theories and models. He suggests that a business strategist’s thinking should build on the work of those who came before in responding to contemporary questions of importance to their firm.

Findings

– Business strategy is fundamentally an exercise in understanding and improving business performance and growth. It requires a depth of sophisticated thought that can be sharpened and focused through meta-cognition – thinking about thinking, i.e. a thoughtful consideration of what dominates our thinking and why.

Practical implications

– This article invites practicing strategists to find their own place on that arc.

Originality/value

– The article presents the history of business strategy as an arc of inquiry that has forward direction, moving inexorably outward, from time–motion studies on the shop floor, to the human beings who occupied it, and to the larger society in which they and the firm live. It invites practicing strategists to find their own place on that arc.
Fair value accounting and its usefulness to financial statement users
Authors: Palea Vera
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– This paper aims to discuss fair value accounting and its usefulness to financial statement users. The European Commission has recently endorsed IFRS 13 on fair value measurement and is considering the endorsement of IFRS 9, which extends the use of fair value for financial instruments. Furthermore, fair value accounting has been under deep scrutiny because of its alleged role in the financial crisis. Therefore, the usefulness of fair value accounting is a key issue for standard setting purposes.

Design/Methodology/Approach

– This paper delineates the theoretical background for fair value accounting, it provides empirical evidence on its usefulness, it highlights some controversial issues and makes some proposals for standard setting discussion.

Findings

– Empirical research raises some doubts on fair value reliability. Furthermore, fair value accounting alone cannot provide information useful to evaluate stewardship. Historical cost is also needed. A dual measurement and financial reporting system could therefore deliver more complete and useful information to financial statement users.

Practical implications

– This paper provides the reader with a comprehensive picture of the main issues related to fair value accounting and contributes to the standard setting debate on the optimal measurement system.

Originality/value

– This paper reframes the debate on historical versus fair value accounting by explaining the reason why a dual measurement and reporting model should be implemented.
Organizing local “green” entrepreneurship: a brand perspective
Authors: J. Willemsen Sven , van der Veen Gerrita
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– This paper aims to show how current insights on place branding are used to organize “green” entrepreneurship in the Dutch Utrechtse Heuvelrug region. The role of place is explored in establishing a differentiated meaning for green entrepreneurship and providing an inspirational source for innovations, resulting in a green economic value proposition designed and communicated through branding.

Design/methodology/approach

– From the literature, different perspectives on the role and function of the place were derived, which lead to the choice of an identity-based entrepreneurial brand. To define the regional identity, qualitative and quantitative research were conducted. In addition, co-creation sessions were organized to further develop the brand.

Findings

– Taking place branding as the starting point, a framework has been developed, introducing the regional identity as an open space, linking locally based sub-brands to enhance power. To deliver economical and social value in an area with no leading business to sustainability and well-developed business skills, cluster development has been introduced as a way to create new economic activity and sustainable impact.

Practical implications

– The strategy of separating stakeholders and position them as locally based brands enables place planners and marketers to manage place brand complexity, which generally delays the process, often limiting place branding to “logos and slogans”.

Originality/value

– This paper provides a case study, which offers new perspectives on the issue of managing complexity, which is inevitable in organizing a place brand.
Leeds and the Northern Arts Prize
Authors: Jones Brian , Beresford Shirley
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– This paper aims to look at the nature of the relationship between the marketing of the contemporary visual arts, cultural tourism and city and urban regeneration. This exploratory study of the marketing of the contemporary visual arts in Leeds has, as its background narrative, the emergence of BritArt.

Design/methodology/approach

– The growth of contemporary visual arts provides the context for a case study of the Northern Art Prize, which was first awarded in 2007.

Findings

– The study found a number of factors for success that can aid urban renewal and city regeneration. Private sector marketing expertise levered into the management of the project was one critical success factor. Another was that private sector funding freed up marketers and artists and allowed risk-taking. Participants highlighted a lack of vision for the contemporary visual arts in the city and region and a strong desire for new collaborative working and new governance structures for the delivery of arts marketing and cultural tourism.

Originality/value

– The Northern Art Prize offers much for the marketing of contemporary visual arts, cultural tourism, city branding and urban renewal. Investing in and marketing of the arts is argued to serve as a stimulus that can bring a range of benefits for the business and wider community. Marketing, especially arts marketing, can help deliver social, economic and urban regeneration.
Response of harmonic sources in couple stress thermoelastic medium with state space approach
Authors: Kumar Rajneesh , Kumar Krishan , Chandra Nautiyal Ravindra
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to investigate the two-dimensional problem in couple stress thermoelastic medium for a half space is established and state space approach has been applied to solve the problem.

Design/methodology/approach

– Normal mode analysis is used to obtain the exact expressions for normal stress, tangential stress and couple stress. Numerical calculation is prepared for these quantities and depicted graphically for a special model.

Findings

– The expressions for normal stress, tangential stress and couple stress are obtained numerically and depicted graphically to see the couple stress effect.

Originality/value

– It is found that couple stress effect decrease the value of normal stress components for circular frequency equal to 0.5 for small values of the wave number and then increases whereas the values of normal stress components decrease first and then increase monotonically for circular frequency equal to 0.1 when the force is applied in normal direction and the values of tangential stress components and couple stress components decrease for all values of wave number. But the values for normal stress components, tangential stress components and couple stress components increase when the force is applied in tangential direction.
Experimental verification of detection and prediction of multiple cracks by vibrations, FEM and ANN
Authors: Ramchandra Baviskar Prasad , B. Tungikar Vinod
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to address the determination of crack location and depth of multiple transverse cracks by monitoring natural frequency and its prediction using Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). An alternative to the existing NDTs is suggested.

Design/methodology/approach

– Modal analysis is performed to extract the natural frequency. Analysis is performed for two cases of cracks. In first case, both cracks are perpendicular to axis. In second case, both cracks are inclined to vertical plane and also inclined with each other. Finite element method (FEM) is performed using ANSYSTM software which is theoretical basis. Experimentation is performed using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) analyzer on simply supported stepped rotor shaft and cantilever circular beam with two cracks each.

Findings

– The results of FEM and experimentation are validated and are in good agreement. The error in crack detection by FEM is in the range of 3-15 percent while 5-20 percent by experimentation. The database obtained by modal analysis is used to train the network of ANN which predicts crack characteristics. Validity of method is investigated by comparing the predictions of ANN with FEM and experimentation. The results are in good agreement with error of 7-16 percent between ANN and FEM while 9-21 percent between ANN and experimental analysis.

Originality/value

– It envisages that the method is capable. It is an effective as well as an alternate method of fault detection in beam/rotating element to the existing methods.
Relaxation and creep in twist and flexure
Authors: Kobelev V.
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to derive the exact analytical expressions for torsion and bending creep of rods with the Norton-Bailey, Garofalo and Naumenko-Altenbach-Gorash constitutive models. These simple constitutive models, for example, the time- and strain-hardening constitutive equations, were based on adaptations for time-varying stress of equally simple models for the secondary creep stage from constant load/stress uniaxial tests where minimum creep rate is constant. The analytical solution is studied for Norton-Bailey and Garofalo laws in uniaxial states of stress.

Design/methodology/approach

– The creep component of strain rate is defined by material-specific creep law. In this paper the authors adopt, following the common procedure Betten, an isotropic stress function. The paper derives the expressions for strain rate for uniaxial and shear stress states for the definite representations of stress function. First, in this paper the authors investigate the creep for the total deformation that remains constant in time.

Findings

– The exact analytical expressions giving the torque and bending moment as a function of the time were derived.

Research limitations/implications

– The material isotropy and homogeneity preimposed. The secondary creep phase is considered.

Practical implications

– The results of creep simulation are applied to practically important problem of engineering, namely for simulation of creep and relaxation of helical and disk springs.

Originality/value

– The new, closed form solutions with commonly accepted creep models allow a deeper understanding of such a constitutive model's effect on stress and deformation and the implications for high temperature design. The application of the original solutions allows accurate analytic description of creep and relaxation of practically important problems in mechanical engineering. Following the procedure the paper establishes closed form solutions for creep and relaxation in helical, leaf and disk springs.
Trading volume and return relationship in the crude oil futures markets
Authors: Abba Abdullahi Saada , Kouhy Reza , Muhammad Zahid
Published: October 2014

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between trading volume and returns in the West Texas Intermediate (WTI) and Brent crude oil futures markets. In so doing, the paper addresses two important issues. First, whether there is a positive relationship between returns and trading volume in the crude oil futures markets. Second, whether information regarding trading volume contributes to forecasting the magnitude of return in the markets, an important issue because the ability of trading volume to predict returns imply market inefficiency.

Design/methodology/approach

– The paper used daily closing futures price and their corresponding trading volumes for WTI and Brent crude oil markets during the sample period January 2008 to May 2011. Both the log volume and the unexpected component of the detrended volume are used in the analysis in other to have robust alternative conclusion. The generalized method of moments (GMM) approach is used to examine the contemporaneous relationship between returns and trading volume while the Granger causality approach, impulse response and variance decomposition analysis are used to investigate the ability of trading volume to predict returns in the oil futures markets.

Findings

– The results reject the postulation of a positive relationship between trading volume and returns, suggesting that trading volume and returns are not driven by the same information flow which contradicts the mixture of distribution hypothesis in all markets. The results also show that neither trading volume nor returns have the power to predict the other and therefore contradicting the sequential arrival hypothesis and noise trader model in all markets. Finally, the findings support the weak form efficient market hypothesis in the crude oil futures markets.

Originality/value

– The findings has important implications to market regulators because daily price movement and trading volume do not respond to the same information flow and therefore the measures that control price volatility should not focused more on volume; otherwise they may not provide fruitful outcomes. Additionally, traders and investors who participate in oil futures should not base their decisions on past trading volume because it will lead to profit loss. The results also have implications for market efficiency as past information cannot assist speculators to forecast returns in all the oil markets. Finally, investors can benefit from portfolio diversification across the two markets.
Scattered ground‐roll attenuation using model‐driven interferometry
Authors: Halliday David , Bilsby Phil , West Lee , Kragh Ed , Quigley John
Published: October 2014

Scattered ground roll is a type of noise observed in land seismic data that can be particularly difficult to suppress. Typically, this type of noise cannot be removed using conventional velocity‐based filters. In this paper, we discuss a model‐driven form of seismic interferometry that allows suppression of scattered ground‐roll noise in land seismic data. The conventional cross‐correlate and stack interferometry approach results in scattered noise estimates between two receiver locations (i.e. as if one of the receivers had been replaced by a source). For noise suppression, this requires that each source we wish to attenuate the noise from is co‐located with a receiver. The model‐driven form differs, as the use of a simple model in place of one of the inputs for interferometry allows the scattered noise estimate to be made between a source and a receiver. This allows the method to be more flexible, as co‐location of sources and receivers is not required, and the method can be applied to data sets with a variety of different acquisition geometries. A simple plane‐wave model is used, allowing the method to remain relatively data driven, with weighting factors for the plane waves determined using a least‐squares solution. Using a number of both synthetic and real two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) land seismic data sets, we show that this model‐driven approach provides effective results, allowing suppression of scattered ground‐roll noise without having an adverse effect on the underlying signal.
Age and sex‐selective predation moderate the overall impact of predators
Authors: Hoy Sarah R. , Petty Steve J. , Millon Alexandre , Whitfield D. Philip , Marquiss Michael , Davison Martin , Lambin Xavier
Published: October 2014

Currently, there is no general agreement about the extent to which predators impact prey population dynamics and it is often poorly predicted by predation rates and species abundances. This could, in part be caused by variation in the type of selective predation occurring. Notably, if predation is selective on categories of individuals that contribute little to future generations, it may moderate the impact of predation on prey population dynamics. However, despite its prevalence, selective predation has seldom been studied in this context.

Using recoveries of ringed tawny owls (Strix aluco) predated by ‘superpredators’, northern goshawks (Accipiter gentilis) as they colonized the area, we investigated the extent to which predation was sex and age‐selective. Predation of juvenile owls was disproportionately high. Amongst adults, predation was strongly biased towards females and predation risk appeared to increase with age. This implies age‐selective predation may shape the decline in survival with age, observed in tawny owls.

To determine whether selective predation can modulate the overall impact of predation, age‐based population matrix models were used to simulate the impact of five different patterns of age‐selective predation, including the pattern actually observed in the study site. The overall impact on owl population size varied by up to 50%, depending on the pattern of selective predation. The simulation of the observed pattern of predation had a relatively small impact on population size, close to the least harmful scenario, predation on juveniles only.

The actual changes in owl population size and structure observed during goshawk colonization were also analysed. Owl population size and immigration were unrelated to goshawk abundance. However, goshawk abundance appeared to interact with owl food availability to have a delayed effect on recruitment into the population.

This study provides strong evidence to suggest that predation of other predators is both age and sex‐selective and that selective predation of individuals with a low reproductive value may mitigate the overall impact of predators on prey population dynamics. Consequently, our results highlight how accounting for the type of selective predation occurring is likely to improve future predictions of the overall impact of predation.