bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Petrographic analyses of sand temper/inclusions in ceramics of Kikiniu, Kikori River and modern sand samples from the Gulf Province (Papua New Guinea)
Authors: MARSAGLIA KATHLEEN M. , KRAMER KIMBERLY G. , DAVID BRUNO , SKELLY ROBERT J.
Published: June 2016

The archaeological site of Kikiniu (a.k.a. Kulupuari) in the mid‐reaches of the Kikori River, Gulf Province (Papua New Guinea) contains a rich assemblage of ceramic sherds dating to 1550–1000 calBP. This is a region for which there is no ethnographic and no prior archaeological evidence of ceramic manufacture, but for which during the ethnographic period premade pottery vessels are well known to have been imported en masse from long‐distance seafarers from Yule Island and Port Moresby. Here we present initial petrographic analyses of sand temper/inclusions from 20 excavated sherds from Kikiniu, and 14 samples of modern beach and river sand collected across the area, to determine whether the Kikiniu ceramics could have been locally manufactured, and if not, from where they were imported. Our preliminary results confirm that the majority of the sherds, and possibly all, are from ceramics that were probably imported from manufacturing sites to the south‐east. Given that the Kikiniu region was then a rainforest, sago‐rich region, ceramics probably arrived at Kikiniu as part of the sago trade as far back as c.1550–1000 calBP.
Photoinduced Charge‐Transfer State of 4‐Carbazolyl‐3‐(trifluoromethyl)benzoic Acid: Photophysical Property and Application to Reduction of Carbon−Halogen Bonds as a Sensitizer
Authors: Matsubara Ryosuke , Shimada Toshiyuki , Kobori Yasuhiro , Yabuta Tatsushi , Osakai Toshiyuki , Hayashi Masahiko
Published: June 2016

The photoinduced persistent intramolecular charge‐transfer state of 4‐carbazolyl‐3‐(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid was confirmed. It showed a higher catalytic activity in terms of yield and selectivity in the photochemical reduction of alkyl halides compared to the parent carbazole. Even unactivated primary alkyl bromides could be reduced by this photocatalyst. The high catalytic activity is rationalized by considering the slower backward single‐electron transfer owing to the spatial separation of the donor and acceptor subunits.
Copper Phthalocyanine‐Functionalized Graphitic Carbon Nitride: A Hybrid Heterostructure toward Photoelectrochemical and Photocatalytic Degradation Applications
Authors: Liu Zhong‐Guo , Wan Jia‐Yun , Yang Ze , Wang Shi‐Quan , Wang Hang‐Xing
Published: June 2016

In this work, alcian blue 8GX (AB), a copper(II) phthalocyanine derivative, was employed to functionalize graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4) for the preparation of a highly efficient photocatalyst. The approach relies on a facile AB‐assisted ethanol/water mixed‐solvent exfoliation of bulk g‐C3N4. The as‐prepared g‐C3N4/AB hybrid possesses significantly enhanced solution dispersibility and photoelectrochemical performance resulting from the synergistic effect between g‐C3N4 and AB, which involves the optimization of intimate interfacial contact, extension of light absorption range, and enhancement of charge‐transfer efficiency. This synergy contributes enormously to the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine 6G (R6G) under light irradiation.
Towards Highly‐Efficient Phototriggered Data Storage by Utilizing a Diketopyrrolopyrrole‐Based Photoelectronic Small Molecule
Authors: Li Yang , Li Hua , He Jinghui , Xu Qingfeng , Li Najun , Chen Dongyun , Lu Jianmei
Published: June 2016

A cooperative photoelectrical strategy is proposed for effectively modulating the performance of a multilevel data‐storage device. By taking advantage of organic photoelectronic molecules as storage media, the fabricated device exhibited enhanced working parameters under the action of both optical and electrical inputs. In cooperation with UV light, the operating voltages of the memory device were decreased, which was beneficial for low energy consumption. Moreover, the ON/OFF current ratio was more tunable and facilitated high‐resolution multilevel storage. Compared with previous methods that focused on tuning the storage media, this study provides an easy approach for optimizing organic devices through multiple physical channels. More importantly, this method holds promise for integrating multiple functionalities into high‐density data‐storage devices.
Self‐assembly of a Linear Ni9 Triple‐helical Supramolecule with Dominant Ferromagnetic Interactions
Authors: Jin Rui , Cai Zhong‐Sheng , Dai Shuang , Jiang Xuan‐Feng , Zheng Li‐Min , Yu Shu‐Yan
Published: June 2016

A linear triple‐helical supramolecule Ni9L6 has been prepared through a controllable self‐assembly approach using 1,3‐bis‐(3‐oxo‐3‐phenylpropionyl)‐2‐hydroxy‐5‐methylbenzene (H3L) and Ni(OAc)2 under solvothermal conditions. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis confirms the axial C3 symmetrical helical structure of the product and the temperature‐dependent magnetic susceptibility corresponds to a typical shape of a paramagnet showing dominant ferromagnetic exchange couplings between the neighboring NiII ions.
Synthesis of an Orthogonally Protected Polyhydroxylated Cyclopentene from l‐Sorbose
Authors: Lo Re Daniele , Jones Leigh , Giralt Ernest , Murphy Paul
Published: June 2016

The use of l‐sorbose in the synthesis of functionalized cyclopentene derivatives was accomplished. These cyclopentene derivatives are related to those found in naturally occurring jatrophane frameworks and in other bioactive compounds. The formation of allyl α‐l‐sorbopyranoside was a key synthetic step. Regioselective introduction of protecting groups was followed by the hydrolysis of the allyl glycoside to furnish a fully protected acyclic l‐sorbose derivative. This acyclic intermediate was subsequently used to give an orthogonally protected polyhydroxylated cyclopentene, which has potential for further synthesis of bioactive compounds. The protected cyclopentene itself showed a clear cytotoxic activity when tested against a panel of human cancer cell lines (HT29, LS174T, SW620, A549, and HeLa cells).
Large‐scale purification and characterization of recombinant human stem cell factor in Escherichia coli
Authors: Chen Liang‐hua , Cai Feng , Zhang Dan‐ju , Zhang Li , Zhu Peng , Gao Shun
Published: June 2016

The pharmacological importance of recombinant human stem cell factor (rhSCF) has increased the demand to establish effective and large‐scale production and purification processes. A good source of bioactive recombinant protein with capability of being scaled‐up without losing activity has always been a challenge. The objectives of the study were the rapid and efficient pilot‐scale expression and purification of rhSCF. The gene encoding stem cell factor (SCF) was cloned into pBV220 and transformed into Escherichia coli. The recombinant SCF was expressed and isolated using a procedure consisting of isolation of inclusion bodies (IBs), denaturation, and refolding followed by chromatographic steps toward purification. The yield of rhSCF reached 835.6 g/20 L, and the expression levels of rhSCF were about 33.9% of the total E. coli protein content. rhSCF was purified by isolation of IBs, denaturation, and refolding, followed by SP‐Sepharose chromatography, Source 30 reversed‐phase chromatography, and Q‐Sepharose chromatography. This procedure was developed to isolate 5.5 g of rhSCF (99.5% purity) with specific activity at 0.96 × 106 IU/mg, endotoxin levels of pyrogen at 1.0 EU/mg, and bacterial DNA at 10 ng/mg. Pilot‐scale fermentations and purifications were set up for the production of rhSCF that can be upscaled for industry.
Biochemical characteristics of a novel protease from the basidiomycete Amanita virgineoides
Authors: Yuan Xianghe , Zhu Mengjuan , Tian Guoting , Zhao Yongchang , Zhao Liyan , Ng Tzi Bun , Wang Hexiang
Published: June 2016

The characterization of a novel protease from Amanita virgineoides is described. The A. virgineoides protease was purified to homogeneity using Q‐Sepharose, carboxymethyl‐cellulose, diethylaminoethyl‐cellulose, and a gel filtration step on Superdex 75. The molecular mass of the purified protease was estimated to be 16.6 kDa. The protease was purified 32.1‐fold, and its specific activity was 301.4 U/mg. The optimum pH was 4.0, and the optimum temperature was 50 °C. Kinetic constants (Km, Vmax) were determined under the optimum reaction conditions, with Km and Vmax, being 3.74 mg/mL and 9.98 μg mL−1 Min−1, respectively. The activity of the protease was curtailed by Cu2+, Pb2+, Fe3+, Cd2+, and Hg2+ ions but enhanced by Mg2+, Ca2+, and K+ ions at low concentrations. The protease activity was adversely affected by ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, suggesting that it is a metalloprotease. Four peptide sequences were obtained from liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry, including KQALSGIR, TIAMDGTEGLVR, VALTGLTVAEYFR, and AGAGSATLSMAYAGAR, which showed 86%, 64%, 60%, and 75% identity with peptides of Hypsizygus marmoreus, Dacryopinax sp. DJM‐731 SS1, Trametes versicolor FP‐101664 SS1, and Paxillus involutus ATCC 200175, respectively. The newly isolated protease showed good hydrolytic activity and biochemical characteristics, which expanded the knowledge of biologically active proteins and provided further insight on this poisonous fungus.
Production of a bioactive recombinant chicken matrix metalloproteinase‐11 peptide in Escherichia coli
Authors: Paul Rajani Kumar , Kumar Mukesh , Kataria Meena
Published: June 2016

Matrix metalloproteinase‐11 (MMP‐11) is known to be highly expressed in metastatic and most invasive forms of tumors. Being selectively expressed in tumor tissues, MMP‐11 is a promising target for immunotherapy against tumors. Here, we report the production of a thioredoxin‐tagged bioactive recombinant chicken MMP‐11 (cMMP‐11) peptide excluding the secretory signal and propeptide in Escherichia coli T7 Express lysY using pET32b(+) vector. High‐level expression and purification of the bioactive peptide were achieved by induction with 1.0 mM isopropyl‐β‐d‐thiogalactopyranoside for 4 H at 37 °C followed by affinity chromatography under denaturing condition and slow dialysis. The recombinant peptide exhibited both caseinolytic and gelatinase activities without requiring activation by 4‐aminophenylmercuric acetate. The antisera raised against the peptide in rabbits showed a strong reaction with the whole recombinant peptide as well as 37 kDa cMMP‐11 mature peptide and cross‐reactivity with a 43 kDa protein in murine breast tumor of 4T1 origin in Western blot analysis. The 43 kDa protein in the tumor homogenate showed immunoreactivity with a monoclonal antibody against human MMP‐11, suggesting it to be murine MMP‐11 having cross‐reactivity with the antisera raised against cMMP‐11 peptide. Altogether, the study characterized the production of a bioactive and immunogenic recombinant cMMP‐11 peptide in E. coli.
Encouraging Prosocial Decisions: The Role of Fairness Salience and Uncertainty
Authors: Sleesman Dustin J. , Conlon Donald E.
Published: June 2016

Although the decision to engage in prosocial behavior has received research attention, the literature offers a limited understanding of fairness and uncertainty as antecedents. We propose that one can encourage prosocial decision making simply by invoking the notion of fairness because of its effects on the perceived trustworthiness of the invoking party. We also elucidate the complex role of uncertainty in prosocial decisions in that it has a negative effect while also serving to strengthen the positive effect of fairness salience. Our ideas are tested in two prosocial decision contexts, including participative pricing (i.e., “pay what you want”) and charitable giving. Data from an archival study of a naturally occurring event and two controlled experiments offer support for our arguments. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Management and outcomes of neonates with down syndrome admitted to neonatal units
Authors: Mann Jake P. , Statnikov Eugene , Modi Neena , Johnson Nik , Springett Anna , Morris Joan K.
Published: June 2016

Background

Neonates with Down syndrome have an increased risk of being admitted to a neonatal unit compared with unaffected neonates. We aimed to estimate the proportion of neonates with Down syndrome admitted to a neonatal unit and compare their management and outcomes with other neonatal admissions.

Methods

Case–control study of neonates born from 2009 to 2011 admitted to 122 NHS Neonatal Units in England using data from the National Down Syndrome Cytogenetic Register and the National Neonatal Research Database. For each neonate with Down syndrome, three neonates admitted to the same unit in the same month and born at the same gestation were identified.

Results

Forty‐six percent of neonates with Down syndrome were admitted to a neonatal unit. Boys were more likely to be admitted than girls (odds ratio = 1.7; 95% confidence interval, 1.4–2.0). Neonates with Down syndrome required more intensive or high dependency care compared with unaffected neonates (37% vs. 27%. p < 0.01) and stayed in neonatal units for longer (11 days vs. 5 days, p < 0.01). A total of 31% of neonates with Down syndrome required respiratory support compared with 22% (p < 0.001) of unaffected neonates, and 11% were discharged requiring oxygen supplementation compared with 3% (p < 0.001) of unaffected neonates. A total of 3% of neonates with Down syndrome died in a neonatal unit compared with 1% (p = 0.01) of unaffected neonates.

Conclusion

Neonates with Down syndrome are more likely than unaffected neonates to be admitted to a neonatal unit, have a prolonged stay, and be discharged home on supplemental oxygen. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:468–474, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Evidence for a teratogenic risk in the offspring of health personnel exposed to ionizing radiation?!
Authors: Wiesel Awi , Stolz Gabriela , Queisser‐Wahrendorf Annette
Published: June 2016

Background

The evidence concerning safety of occupational exposure to ionizing radiation on teratogenic effects mainly relies on animal models, disaster epidemiology and experience in cancer etiology. Following an explorative result on maternal exposure in medical occupations we conducted a feasibility study, addressing congenital anomalies (CA) in the offspring of health workers potentially exposed to radiation.

Methods

In a prospective follow‐up study, we enrolled women, identified by mandatory registration at the office of radiation protection as wearing a dosimeter. The participating women answered a questionnaire and if pregnant agreed to an examination of their infant. CA were diagnosed and categorized, and demographic and anamnestic findings (including dosimeter values) were ascertained. Mainz Birth Registry data were used for comparison, and a nonresponder analysis was performed.

Results

Answers were received from 286 of 604 (51%) women exposed and 183 (30.3%) of them participated in the study including 88 nonparticipants who provided exposure data only. Further sources of ionizing radiation and other factors relevant for CA did not differ between the groups. Thirty pregnancies occurred among the participants. Eight of the resulting 27 infants were diagnosed with CA (30%) compared with 6.2% of the comparison group.

Conclusion

Previous explorative findings were corroborated by this feasibility study. The increased prevalence for CA could not be explained by any other factor. A preferable prospective active design is achievable, and the participation rate is essential to calculate valid results and answer this important issue. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 106:475–479, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Schuld und Verantwortung
Authors: Roth Gerhard
Published: June 2016

Der strafrechtlichen Schuldbegriff baut auf dem metaphysischen Begriff der Willensfreiheit auf, der ein “rein geistiges” Andershandelnkönnen unter identischen physisch‐psychischen Bedingungen vorsieht. Dies steht im Widerspruch zum naturwissenschaftlichen Denken und den psychologischen und neurobiologischen Erkenntnissen zur Entwicklung der Persönlichkeit und Motivstruktur des Menschen. Es wird vorgeschlagen, den Begriff der Willensfreiheit durch den im Zivilrecht vorherrschenden Begriff der “freien Willensbildung” zu ersetzen. Dieser beinhaltet die Fähigkeit, die Rahmenbedingungen und mögliche Konsequenzen eigenen Handelns hinreichend abzuwägen. Sie wird als das Ergebnis der Normalentwicklung des Gehirns und seiner kognitiven, emotionalen und exekutiven Fähigkeiten verstanden. Aus ihr leitet sich eine Verantwortlichkeit eines Menschen für sein Handeln ab.
Tipps und Tricks beim Zentrifugieren
Authors: Hauk Andrea
Published: June 2016

Von der Tisch‐ bis zur Ultrazentrifuge, mit kleinen bis großen Rotoren und Gefäßen, für geringe und hohe Geschwindigkeiten: Zentrifugen gehören zur Grundausstattung jedes Labors und jeder Labormitarbeiter hat schon einmal eine Zentrifuge bedient. Eine Zentrifuge ist nichts anderes als eine Schleuder, die Behälter um eine Achse dreht. Dadurch wird die Schwerkraft durch Zentrifugalkraft ersetzt, was zu einer Beschleunigung des Sedimentationsprozesses im Röhrchen führt. So können beispielsweise Partikel von der umgebenden Flüssigkeit abgetrennt werden.
Meta-analysis of oncological outcomes after local excision of pT1–2 rectal cancer requiring adjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy or completion surgery
Authors: Borstlap W A A , Coeymans T J , Tanis P J , Marijnen C A M , Cunningham C , Bemelman W A , Tuynman J B
Published: June 2016

Background

Completion total mesorectal excision (TME) is advised for high-risk early (pT1/pT2) rectal cancer following transanal removal. The main objective of this meta-analysis was to determine oncological outcomes of adjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy as a rectum-preserving alternative to completion TME.

Methods

A literature search using PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library was performed in February 2015. Studies had to include at least ten patients with pT1/pT2 adenocarcinomas that were removed transanally and followed by either adjuvant chemoradiotherapy or completion surgery. A weighted average of the logit proportions was determined for the pooled analyses of subgroups according to treatment modality and pT category.

Results

In total, 14 studies comprising 405 patients treated with adjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy and seven studies comprising 130 patients treated with completion TME were included. Owing to heterogeneity it was not possible to compare the two strategies directly. However, the weighted average local recurrence rate for locally excised pT1/pT2 rectal cancer treated with adjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy was 14 (95 per cent c.i. 11 to 18) per cent, and 7 (4 to 14) per cent following completion TME. The weighted averages for distance recurrence were 9 (6 to 14) and 9 (5 to 16) per cent respectively. Weighted averages for local recurrence rate after adjuvant chemo(radiotherapy) and completion TME for pT1 were 10 (4 to 21) and 6 (3 to 15) per cent respectively. Corresponding averages for pT2 were 15 (11 to 21) and 10 (4 to 22) per cent respectively.

Conclusion

A higher recurrence rate after transanal excision and adjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy must be balanced against the morbidity and mortality associated with mesorectal excision. A reasonable approach is close follow-up and salvage mesorectal surgery as needed.
Split Spinach Aptamer for Highly Selective Recognition of DNA and RNA at Ambient Temperatures
Authors: Kikuchi Nanami , Kolpashchikov Dmitry M.
Published: June 2016

Split spinach aptamer (SSA) probes for fluorescent analysis of nucleic acids were designed and tested. In SSA design, two RNA or RNA/DNA strands hybridized to a specific nucleic acid analyte and formed a binding site for low‐fluorescent 3,5‐difluoro‐4‐hydroxybenzylidene imidazolinone (DFHBI) dye, which resulted in up to a 270‐fold increase in fluorescence. The major advantage of the SSA over state‐of‐the art fluorescent probes is high selectivity: it produces only background fluorescence in the presence of a single‐base‐mismatched analyte, even at room temperature. SSA is therefore a promising tool for label‐free analysis of nucleic acids at ambient temperatures.
Revealing the Electrochemical Lithiation Routes of CuO Nanowires by in Situ TEM
Authors: Sun Muhua , Qi Kuo , Li Xiaomin , Huang Qianming , Wei Jiake , Xu Zhi , Wang Wenlong , Bai Xuedong
Published: June 2016

The dynamic lithiation processes of CuO nanowires were studied by the construction of an electrochemical reaction cell inside a transmission electron microscope (TEM), where the morphology evolution and the phase transformation during lithiation have been recorded in real time by in situ TEM imaging, selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterning and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). The lithiated length (L) and the corresponding lithiation time (t) of the nanowires were measured to investigate the lithiation kinetics. Based on the relationship between L and t it is found that two lithiation reaction routes occur in the CuO nanowires. The lithiation of CuO nanowires with smaller resistance under −3.5 V potential is speculated to be a two‐step lithiation route controlled by a short‐range interface reaction, whereas upon the same applied potential the lithiation of nanowires with larger resistance presents a diffusion process with a general one‐step reaction route. The research enriches our understanding of the lithiation kinetics of CuO anodes and also the solid‐state electrochemical reaction mechanism of CuO.
Microelectrodes Integrated into a Microfluidic Chip for the Detection of CCRF‐CEM Cells Based on the Electrochemical Oxidation of Hydrazine
Authors: Lou Baohua , Zhou Zhixue , Gu Wenling , Dong Shaojun
Published: June 2016

We designed one type of microfluidic chip integrated with Au microelectrodes to detect target CCRF‐CEM cells based on the electrochemical oxidation of hydrazine catalyzed by Pt nanoparticles (NPs). The microelectrode can improve the sensitivity of detection, with a low background signal and decreased nonspecific adsorption. Applying the cell aptamer as the sensing element, this method exhibits good selectivity. Owing to the strong catalytic ability of Pt NPs for the electrochemical oxidation of hydrazine, the limit of detection of this method is ten cells. By adjusting the detection area of Au microelectrodes, this chip can detect a wide range of target cells. Besides, this method successfully detected the target cells doped in blood samples, indicating its potential application in clinical diagnosis.
NiCo2S4 Nanosheets Grown on 3D Networks of Nitrogen‐Doped Graphene/Carbon Nanotubes: Advanced Anode Materials for Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zhang Longsheng , Zuo Lizeng , Fan Wei , Liu Tianxi
Published: June 2016

To meet the requirements of high‐performance lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), a new class of electrode materials with favorable nanostructures is highly desirable. Recently, metal sulfides have been intensively studied as promising anode materials for LIBs because of their high lithium storage capacity. Among them, ternary metal sulfides can provide much higher electrochemical activity and energy storage performance than binary metal sulfides or their oxide counterparts, which makes them outstanding candidates as anode materials for next‐generation LIBs. In this work, hierarchical nanostructured hybrids of NiCo2S4 nanosheets uniformly grown on nitrogen‐doped graphene/carbon nanotube networks (NiCo2S4/NGC) have been easily prepared as novel anode materials for LIBs. Benefiting from the synergistic effects between NiCo2S4 nanosheets and conductive NGC networks, the optimized NiCo2S4/NGC hybrid exhibits greatly enhanced electrochemical performance with high initial charge capacity of 1225.4 mA h g−1 at a current density of 0.2 A g−1 and excellent cycling stability with 89 % capacity retention after 100 cycles. Moreover, its capacity can be retained at 574.8 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles even at a current density of 5 A g−1, demonstrating its exceptionally high rate performance.
Ring Enlargement of Three‐Membered Boron Heterocycles upon Reaction with Organic π Systems: Implications for the Trapping of Borylenes
Authors: Krasowska Małgorzata , Bettinger Holger F.
Published: June 2016

New low‐energy pathways for the reaction between substituted boriranes and borirenes with unsaturated hydrocarbons (ethyne or ethene) were discovered using density functional and coupled cluster theory. The interaction between the π bond of the hydrocarbon and the empty p orbital of the boron center leads to ring expansion of the three‐membered to a five‐membered boron heterocycle. The reactions are strongly exothermic and have low or even no barriers. They involve intermediates with a pentacoordinate boron center with two hydrocarbon molecules coordinating to boron akin to metal‐olefin complexes. These borylene complexes are shallow minima on the potential energy surfaces. But significantly higher barriers for ring formation are computed for 1,5‐cyclooctadiene and dibenzocyclooctatetraene complexes of borylenes, making these complexes likely detectable under appropriate experimental conditions. Our computational findings have implications for the interpretation of trapping experiments of thermally generated small borylenes with excess of small π systems. Because of very low barriers for reactions of three‐membered boron heterocycles with π systems and the at least locally large excess of the latter under such conditions, formation of five‐membered boron heterocycles should be considered.
Critical Role of Dynamic Flexibility in Ge‐Containing Zeolites: Impact on Diffusion
Authors: Gutiérrez‐Sevillano Juan José , Calero Sofía , Hamad Said , Grau‐Crespo Ricardo , Rey Fernando , Valencia Susana , Palomino Miguel , Balestra Salvador R. G. , Ruiz‐Salvador A. Rabdel
Published: June 2016

Incorporation of germanium in zeolites is well known to confer static flexibility to their framework, by stabilizing the formation of small rings. In this work, we show that the flexibility associated to Ge atoms in zeolites goes beyond this static effect, manifesting also a clear dynamic nature, in the sense that it leads to enhanced molecular diffusion. Our study combines experimental and theoretical methods providing evidence for this effect, which has not been described previously, as well as a rationalization for it, based on atomistic grounds. We have used both pure‐silica and silico‐germanate ITQ‐29 (LTA topology) zeolites as a case study. Based on our simulations, we identify the flexibility associated to the pore breathing‐like behavior induced by the Ge atoms, as the key factor leading to the enhanced diffusion observed experimentally in Ge‐containing zeolites.
Three Efficient Methods for Preparation of Coelenterazine Analogues
Authors: Shakhmin Anton , Hall Mary P. , Walker Joel R. , Machleidt Thomas , Binkowski Brock F. , Wood Keith V. , Kirkland Thomas A.
Published: June 2016

The growing popularity of bioluminescent assays has highlighted the need for coelenterazine analogues possessing properties tuned for specific applications. However, the structural diversity of known coelenterazine analogues has been limited by current syntheses. Known routes for the preparation of coelenterazine analogues employ harsh reaction conditions that limit access to many substituents and functional groups. Novel synthetic routes reported here establish simple and robust methods for synthesis and investigation of structurally diverse marine luciferase substrates. Specifically, these new routes allow synthesis of coelenterazine analogues containing various heterocyclic motifs and substituted aromatic groups with diverse electronic substituents at the R2 position. Interesting analogues described herein were characterized by their physicochemical properties, bioluminescent half‐life, light output, polarity and cytotoxicity. Some of the analogues represent leads that can be utilized in the development of improved bioluminescent systems.
Enhancement of Light Absorption Ability of Synthetic Chlorophyll Derivatives by Conjugation with a Difluoroboron Diketonate Group
Authors: Kinoshita Yusuke , Kitagawa Yuichi , Tamiaki Hitoshi
Published: June 2016

The enhancement of the light absorption ability of synthetic chlorophyll derivatives is demonstrated. Chlorophyll derivatives directly conjugated with a difluoroboron 1,3‐diketonate group at the C3 position were synthesized from methyl pyropheophorbide‐d through Barbier acylmethylation of the C3‐formyl moiety, oxidation of the C3‐carbinol, and difluoroboron complexation of the diketonate. Electronic absorption spectra in a diluted solution showed that the synthetic conjugates gave an absorption band at λ=400–500 nm, with a Qy band shifted to a longer wavelength of λ≈700 nm. DFT calculations demonstrated that the absorption bands and redshifts were ascribable to the coupling of the LUMO of chlorin with that of the difluoroboron diketonate moiety. The introduction of a pyrenyl group at the C33‐position of the conjugate afforded an additional charge‐transfer band over λ=500 nm, producing a pigment that bridged the green gap in standard chlorophylls.
Synthesis of β‐1,4‐Linked Galactan Side‐Chains of Rhamnogalacturonan I
Authors: Andersen Mathias C. F. , Kračun Stjepan K. , Rydahl Maja G. , Willats William G. T. , Clausen Mads H.
Published: June 2016

The synthesis of linear‐ and (1→6)‐branched β‐(1→4)‐d‐galactans, side‐chains of the pectic polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan I is described. The strategy relies on iterative couplings of n‐pentenyl disaccharides followed by a late stage glycosylation of a common hexasaccharide core. Reaction with a covalent linker and immobilization on N‐hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)‐modified glass surfaces allows the generation of carbohydrate microarrays. The glycan arrays enable the study of protein–carbohydrate interactions in a high‐throughput fashion, demonstrated herein with binding studies of mAbs and a CBM.
Efficient Synthesis of Diaryl Ketones by Nickel‐Catalyzed Negishi Cross‐Coupling of Amides by Carbon–Nitrogen Bond Cleavage at Room Temperature Accelerated by a Solvent Effect
Authors: Shi Shicheng , Szostak Michal
Published: June 2016

The first Negishi cross‐coupling of amides for the synthesis of versatile diaryl ketones by selective C−N bond activation under exceedingly mild conditions is reported. The cross‐coupling was accomplished with bench‐stable, inexpensive precatalyst [Ni(PPh3)2Cl2] that shows high functional‐group tolerance and enables the synthesis of highly functionalized diaryl ketone motifs. The coupling occurred with excellent chemoselectivity favoring the ketone (cf. biaryl) products. Notably, this process represents the mildest conditions for amide N−C bond activation accomplished to date (room temperature, <10 min). Considering the versatile role of polyfunctional biaryl ketone linchpins in modern organic synthesis, availability, and excellent functional‐group tolerance of organozinc reagents, this strategy provides a new platform for amide N−C bond/organozinc cross‐coupling under mild conditions.
Mild and Low‐Pressure fac‐Ir(ppy)3‐Mediated Radical Aminocarbonylation of Unactivated Alkyl Iodides through Visible‐Light Photoredox Catalysis
Authors: Chow Shiao Y. , Stevens Marc Y. , Åkerbladh Linda , Bergman Sara , Odell Luke R.
Published: June 2016

Invited for the cover of this issue is the group of L. R. Odell at Uppsala University (Sweden). The image depicts iridium at the center of a vortex of electrons that are transferred to and from the surrounding reaction components in a radical aminocarbonylation method. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201601694.
Sulfur and Nitrogen Codoped Carbon Tubes as Bifunctional Metal‐Free Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction and Hydrogen Evolution in Acidic Media
Authors: Sun Tao , Wu Qiang , Jiang Yufei , Zhang Zhiqi , Du Lingyu , Yang Lijun , Wang Xizhang , Hu Zheng
Published: June 2016

Invited for the cover of this issue is the group of Qiang Wu and Zheng Hu at Nanjing University. The image depicts sulfur and nitrogen codoped carbon tubes as bifunctional metal‐free electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction and hydrogen evolution in acidic media. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.201601535.
Concise Syntheses of bis‐Strychnos Alkaloids (−)‐Sungucine, (−)‐Isosungucine, and (−)‐Strychnogucine B from (−)‐Strychnine
Authors: Zhao Senzhi , Teijaro Christiana N. , Chen Heng , Sirasani Gopal , Vaddypally Shivaiah , Zdilla Michael J. , Dobereiner Graham E. , Andrade Rodrigo B.
Published: June 2016

The first chemical syntheses of complex, bis‐Strychnos alkaloids (−)‐sungucine (1), (−)‐isosungucine (2), and (−)‐strychnogucine B (3) from (−)‐strychnine (4) is reported. Key steps included (1) the Polonovski–Potier activation of strychnine N‐oxide; (2) a biomimetic Mannich coupling to forge the signature C23−C5′ bond that joins two monoterpene indole monomers; and (3) a sequential HBr/NaBH3CN‐mediated reduction to fashion the ethylidene moieties in 1–3. DFT calculations were employed to rationalize the regiochemical course of reactions involving strychnine congeners.
Total Synthesis of Aetheramide A
Authors: Gerstmann Lisa , Kalesse Markus
Published: June 2016

The first total synthesis of the highly potent anti‐HIV natural product aetheramide A was accomplished in 18 steps from four equally complex building blocks. The synthesis established the unknown configuration at C26 and used a configurationally labile β‐ketoester moiety for the self‐adjustment of the configuration at a methyl branch. The pivotal macrolactamization was achieved by trapping a thermally generated acylketene which was derived from its corresponding dioxinone.
ChemInform Abstract: On the Crystal Structure of Colloidally Prepared CsPbBr3 Quantum Dots.
Authors: Cottingham Patrick , Brutchey Richard L.
Published: June 2016

The title quantum dots are synthesized from octadecene solutions of Cs‐oleate, PbBr2, oleylamine, and oleic acid (130—200 °C).
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Optical Properties of Lead‐Free Cesium Tin Halide Perovskite Nanocrystals.
Authors: Boehm Marcus L. , et al.
Published: June 2016

CsSnX3 (X: Cl, Cl0.5Br0.5, Br, Br0.5I0.5, I) perovskite nanocrystals are prepared by the reaction of a Cs2CO3 solution in a 1:1:30 mixture of oleic acid, oleylamine, and 1‐octadecene with a 1 M SnX2 (X: Cl, Br.
ChemInform Abstract: Crystal Strain, Chemical Bonding, Magnetic and Magnetostrictive Properties of Erbium (Er3+) Ion Substituted Cobalt‐Rich Ferrite (Co1.1Fe1.9‐xErxO4).
Authors: Kakade S. G. , Kambale R. C. , Ramanna C. V. , Kolekar Y. D.
Published: June 2016

A series of Co1.1Fe1.9‐xErxO4 (x = 0.00—0.20) compounds is synthesized by the sol—gel autocombustion method from Co(NO3)2, Fe(NO3)3, and Er(NO)3 using citric acid as fuel.
ChemInform Abstract: Magnetic Properties and Phase Diagram of NdPd5Al2.
Authors: Zubac Jan , Vlaskova Kristina , Prokleska Jan , Proschek Petr , Javorsky Pavel
Published: June 2016

Single crystals of the tetragonal intermetallic title compound are grown by the Czochralski method from a stoichiometric mixture of the purified elements (W virtual seed, 4 mm/h).
ChemInform Abstract: Evaluation of Sm0.95Ba0.05Fe0.95Ru0.05 O3 as a Potential Cathode Material for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells.
Authors: Fan Weiwei , Sun Zhu , Wang Junkai , Zhou Jun , Wu Kai , Cheng Yonghong
Published: June 2016

The title compound (obtained by a citric‐acid method) is used as cathode material for an yttria‐stabilized zirconia electrolyte supported solid oxide fuel cell with a Ni‐yttria‐stabilized zirconia anode.
ChemInform Abstract: Use of a Novel Layered Titanoniobate as an Anode Material for Long Cycle Life Sodium Ion Batteries.
Authors: Xie Keyu , Wei Wenfei , Yu Haoran , Deng Manjiao , Ke Shanming , Zeng Xierong , Li Zhihua , Shen Chao , Wang Jian‐gan , Wei Bingqing
Published: June 2016

The layered compound HTi2NbO7 is prepared by solid state reaction of TiO2, Nb2O5, and Cs2CO3 (1373 K, 12 h) and subsequent proton exchange (addition of HCl, 333 K, 24 h).
ChemInform Abstract: Low‐Temperature Solid‐State Synthesis of Perovskite Oxides under 50 °C.
Authors: Yamaguchi Yuki , Fukushima Minori , Ito Shigeru , Fujimoto Kenjiro
Published: June 2016

Perovskite oxides M1M2O3 (M1: Ca, Sr, Ba; M2: Ti, Zr, Hf) are prepared by low‐temperature solid state reaction of M1(OH)2 powders with M2O2·nH2O gels.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of Calcium Lanthanum Sulfide via a Wet Chemistry Route Followed by Thermal Decomposition.
Authors: Li Yiyu , Zhang Lihua , Wu Yiquan
Published: June 2016

CaLa2S4 is synthesized from mixtures of Et2NCS2Na, phen, LaCl3, and CaCl2 in EtOH containing thioglycolic acid as a capping agent (1 h) followed by heating the obtained precursor at 1000 °C for 5 h in flowing Ar.
ChemInform Abstract: A New ZrCuSiAs‐Type Superconductor: ThFeAsN.
Authors: Wang Cao , et al.
Published: June 2016

ThFeAsN is synthesized by solid state reaction of a stoichiometric mixture of Th3N4, Th, and FeAs (evacuated quartz ampule, 1100 °C for 20 h followed by sintering at 1150 °C for 50 h).
ChemInform Abstract: New‐Structure‐Type Fe‐Based Superconductors: CaAFe4As4 (A: K, Rb, Cs) and SrAFe4As4 (A: Rb, Cs).
Authors: Iyo Akira , Kawashima Kenji , Kinjo Tatsuya , Nishio Taichiro , Ishida Shigeyuki , Fujihisa Hiroshi , Gotoh Yoshito , Kihou Kunihiro , Eisaki Hiroshi , Yoshida Yoshiyuki
Published: June 2016

CaMFe4As4 (M: K, Rb, Cs) and SrMFe4As4 (M: Rb, Cs) are prepared by solid state reaction of stoichiometric amounts of the elements (stainless steel pipe, 860—920 °C, 2—6 h).
ChemInform Abstract: A Mild Lewis‐Acid‐Catalyzed Method for Head‐to‐Tail Dimerization or Cyclization of tert‐Alcohols.
Authors: Ramulu Bokka Venkat , Mahendar Lodi , Satyanarayana Gedu
Published: June 2016

Depending on the reaction temperature α,α‐dimethylbenzyl alcohols (I) and (VII) can be converted either into the dimerization products (III) and (VIII) (via Markovnikov head‐to‐tail coupling) or the 1,3,3‐trimethyl‐1‐arylindanes (II) and (IX) (via subsequent Friedel‐Crafts cycloalkylation) in high yields with complete regioselectivity.
ChemInform Abstract: Supported Bifunctional Thioureas as Recoverable and Reusable Catalysts for Enantioselective Nitro‐Michael Reactions.
Authors: Andres Jose M , Ceballos Miriam , Maestro Alicia , Sanz Isabel , Pedrosa Rafael
Published: June 2016

Four bifunctional thioureas supported on sulfonylpolystyrene resins are studied as catalysts in the stereoselective nitro‐Michael addition of various nucleophiles to trans‐β‐nitrostyrene derivatives.
ChemInform Abstract: Ag2CO3/CA‐AA‐AmidPhos Multifunctional Catalysis in the Enantioselective 1,3‐Dipolar Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides.
Authors: Wang Haifei , Deng Qifu , Zhou Zhipeng , Hu Shunqin , Liu Zhiguo , Zhou Li‐Yi
Published: June 2016

Cinchona alkaloid—amino acid derived amidophosphanes complexes (CA‐AA‐Amidphos) are shown to be efficient ligands in Ag‐catalyzed 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition reactions of azomethine ylides with maleates.
ChemInform Abstract: The Enantioselective Dakin—West Reaction.
Authors: Wende Raffael C. , Seitz Alexander , Niedek Dominik , Schuler Soeren M. M. , Hofmann Christine , Becker Jonathan , Schreiner Peter R.
Published: June 2016

Using an adamantane‐anchored methylimidazole‐containing oligopeptide as catalyst, the first examples for an enantioselective Dakin—West reaction are reported.
ChemInform Abstract: 5‐Hydroxypyran‐4‐one Derivatives as Potential Therapeutic Iron—Chelating Agents.
Authors: Li Junpei , Abbate Vincenzo , Jurach Jagoda , Zhang Guoqing , Kong Xiaole , Hider Robert C.
Published: June 2016

Mannich condensations of different amino compounds with formaldehyde and kojic acid gives tridentate chelators (IV) and (VI) and a hexadentate chelator (VII) which all possess a high affinity for Fe3+‐ions.
ChemInform Abstract: Stereoselective Synthesis of Diazabicyclic β‐Lactams Through Intramolecular Amination of Unactivated C(sp3)—H Bonds of Carboxamides by Palladium Catalysis.
Authors: Zhang Shi‐Jin , Sun Wen‐Wu , Cao Pei , Dong Xiao‐Ping , Liu Ji‐Kai , Wu Bin
Published: June 2016

Various diazabicyclic β‐lactams are prepared starting from chiral proline or piperidine derivatives using the title method as key step.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of Strained γ‐Lactams by Palladium(0)‐Catalyzed C(sp3)—H Alkenylation and Application to Alkaloid Synthesis.
Authors: Holstein Philipp M. , Dailler David , Vantourout Julien , Shaya Janah , Millet Anthony , Baudoin Olivier
Published: June 2016

α‐Alkylidene‐γ‐lactams are obtained via palladium(0)‐catalyzed intramolecular C(sp3)—H alkenylation from easily accessible bromoalkene precursors.
ChemInform Abstract: Nickel‐Catalyzed Cyclopropanation of Electron‐Deficient Alkenes with Diiodomethane and Diethylzinc.
Authors: Xu Jin , Samsuri Nazurah Binte , Duong Hung A.
Published: June 2016

The cyclopropanation of α,β‐unsaturated ketones, esters, and amides with diiodomethane and diethylzinc is efficiently accelerated by NiCl2 as the catalyst.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free C(sp3)—O Bond Formation Through Radical Translocation: A Mild, Efficient, and Practical Approach to α‐Alkoxybenzamides.
Authors: Huang Feng‐Qing , Zhou Guo‐Xiu , Dong Xin , Qi Lian‐Wen , Zhang Bo
Published: June 2016

Cyclic and acyclic 2‐aminobenzoic acid amides are α‐alkoxylated by a variety of alcohols using tBuONO as nitrosating agent and ascorbic acid as radical initiator.
ChemInform Abstract: Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols on Au/TiO2 Catalyst: New Insights on the Role of Active Sites in the Oxidation of Primary and Secondary Alcohols.
Authors: Vindigni Floriana , Dughera Stefano , Armigliato Francesco , Chiorino Anna
Published: June 2016

Efficient and simple methods to oxidize primary, benzylic, or secondary alcohols by atmospheric oxygen on a commercial Au—TiO2 catalyst are developed.
ChemInform Abstract: A Reusable Catalytic System for Sulfide Oxidation and Epoxidation of Allylic Alcohols in Water Catalyzed by Poly(dimethyl diallyl) Ammonium/Polyoxometalate.
Authors: Zhao Wei , Yang Chunxia , Cheng Zhiguo , Zhang Zhenghui
Published: June 2016

A composite catalyst based on poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) and polyoxovanadometalate is developed for the oxidation of sulfides and allylic alcohols under mild conditions in water.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis of 1,4‐Diketones from β‐Oxo Esters and Enol Acetates by Cerium‐Catalyzed Oxidative Umpolung Reaction
Authors: Geibel Irina , Christoffers Jens
Published: June 2016

using atmospheric oxygen as oxidant
ChemInform Abstract: Decarboxylative Trifluoromethylating Reagent [Cu(O2CCF3)(phen)] and Difluorocarbene Precursor [Cu(phen)2][O2CCF2Cl].
Authors: Lin Xiaoxi , Hou Chuanqi , Li Haohong , Weng Zhiqiang
Published: June 2016

Novel fluoroalkylation reagents for preparation of trifluoromethylated (hetero)arenes and aryldifluoromethyl ethers are introduced.
ChemInform Abstract: Copper‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Trifluoromethyl(hetero)arenes from Di(hetero)aryl‐λ3‐iodanes.
Authors: Pandey Vinay Kumar , Anbarasan Pazhamalai
Published: June 2016

A regioselective trifluoromethylation of diaryliodanes by (trifluoromethyl)trimethylsilane is presented.
ChemInform Abstract: Synthesis and Characterization of 1,3‐Diamino‐Graphene as a Heterogeneous Ligand for a CuI‐Catalyzed C—N Coupling Reaction.
Authors: Zhou Limei , Yin Mengyun , Jiang Xiaohui , Huang Qiang , Lang Wencheng
Published: June 2016

1,3‐Diamino‐graphene is synthesized and used as heterogeneous ligand for CuI‐catalyzed reactions of aryl halides with various N‐heterocycles.
ChemInform Abstract: Silver‐Catalyzed Decarboxylative Addition/Cyclization of Activated Alkenes with Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids.
Authors: Xia Xiao‐Feng , Zhu Su‐Li , Chen Chao , Wang Haijun , Liang Yong‐Min
Published: June 2016

An efficient Ag‐catalyzed decarboxylative addition/aryl migration/desulfonylation reaction sequence is described to synthesize α‐quarternary carboxylic amides.
ChemInform Abstract: Iron‐Catalyzed Cross‐Coupling of Benzylic Manganese Chlorides with Aryl and Heteroaryl Halides.
Authors: Benischke Andreas D. , Breuillac Antoine J. A. , Moyeux Alban , Cahiez Gerard , Knochel Paul
Published: June 2016

The benzylic manganese chloride substrates are prepared from the corresponding benzylic chlorides, magnesium turnings, and MnCl2·2LiCl.
ChemInform Abstract: Iterative Reactions of Transient Boronic Acids Enable Sequential C—C Bond Formation.
Authors: Battilocchio Claudio , Feist Florian , Hafner Andreas , Simon Meike , Tran Duc N. , Allwood Daniel M. , Blakemore David C. , Ley Steven V.
Published: June 2016

A metal‐free approach towards iterative C—C bond formation sequences is developed.
ChemInform Abstract: Temperature‐Dependent Double Isocyanide Insertion Reaction to Construct a Polycyclic Skeleton.
Authors: Tian Yaming , Tian Lumin , Li Chunju , Jia Xueshun , Li Jian
Published: June 2016

The Au‐catalyzed reaction of oxindolylideneacetates (I) with aryl isocyanides (II) in refluxing toluene leads to tricyclic derivatives (III), whilst the reaction at 95°C is accompanied by an oxygen migration to afford products (IV).
ChemInform Abstract: N‐Acyl‐N‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐4‐nitrobenzenesulfonamides: Highly Selective and Efficient Reagents for Acylation of Amines in Water.
Authors: Ebrahimi Sara , Saiadi Safoura , Dakhilpour Simin , Mirsattari Seyed Nezamoddin , Massah Ahmad Reza
Published: June 2016

New sulfonamides of type (I) are used as acylating agents for primary amines.
ChemInform Abstract: A Metal‐Free Yne‐Addition/1,4‐Aryl Migration/Decarboxylation Cascade Reaction of Alkynoates with C(sp)3—H Centers.
Authors: Kong De‐Long , Cheng Liang , Wu Hong‐Ru , Li Yang‐Xiong , Wang Dong , Liu Li
Published: June 2016

Unprecedented radical cascade reaction of alkynoates with various ethers (II), amides (VI), benzylic compounds (Xa,b), cycloalkanes (Xc‐e), and silane (Xf) is reported.
ChemInform Abstract: Base Induced Chiral Substituted Furans and Imidazoles from Carbohydrate‐Derived 2‐Haloenones.
Authors: Mal Kanchan , Das Indrajit
Published: June 2016

A wide range of optically active furan and imidazole derivatives with multiple stereocenters is prepared by a catalyst‐ and ligand‐free cascade Michael‐type addition/intramolecular cyclization/carbohydrate‐ring opening of haloenones with 1,3‐dicarbonyl compounds or amidines.
ChemInform Abstract: The Evans Aldol—Prins Cyclization: A General and Stereoselective Method for the Synthesis of 2,3,4,5,6‐Pentasubstituted Tetrahydropyrans.
Authors: Alvarez‐Mendez Sergio J. , Garcia Celina , Martin Victor S.
Published: June 2016

Evans Aldol—Prins reaction of β,γ‐unsaturated N‐aryloxazolidin‐2‐ones with a variety of aldehydes offers a general and stereoselective synthesis of highly substituted tetrahydropyrans.
ChemInform Abstract: α‐Fluoroallenoate Synthesis via N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Catalyzed Fluorination Reaction of Alkynals.
Authors: Wang Xu , Wu Zijun , Wang Jian
Published: June 2016

The first catalytic synthesis of fluoroallenoates, versatile synthetic intermediates toward useful fluorine‐containing building blocks, is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Zinc‐Catalyzed Enantioselective Electrophilic Amination of β‐Ketocarbonyl Compounds with Axially Chiral Phenanthroline Ligands.
Authors: Naganawa Yuki , Komatsu Hiroyuki , Nishiyama Hisao
Published: June 2016

Zinc‐catalyzed asymmetric α‐amination of various cyclic β‐ketocarbonyl compounds using azodicarboxylate (II) as the electrophilic nitrogen source is described.
ChemInform Abstract: Metal‐Free Catalyzed Regioselective Allylic Trifluoromethanesulfonylation of Aromatic Allylic Alcohols with Sodium Trifluoromethanesulfinate.
Authors: Liao Jianhua , Guo Wei , Zhang Zhenming , Tang Xiaodong , Wu Wanqing , Jiang Huanfeng
Published: June 2016

A highly efficient and regioselective conversion of allylic and cinnamyl alcohols to terminal allylic trifluoromethanesulfones is achieved with NaSO2CF3 in the presence of TosOH.
ChemInform Abstract: Versatile Route to Arylated Fluoroalkyl Bromide Building Blocks.
Authors: Kaplan Peter T. , Vicic David A.
Published: June 2016

The reaction of aryl iodides with a copper complex generated in situ from corresponding silver complex (V) gives rise to desired aryl octafluorobutyl bromides (VII) in moderate to good yields.
ChemInform Abstract: A General Strategy for the Nickel‐Catalyzed C—H Alkylation of Anilines.
Authors: Ruan Zhixiong , Lackner Sebastian , Ackermann Lutz
Published: June 2016

The first C—H alkylation of aniline derivatives bearing a monodentate N‐2‐pyrimidyl directing group with both primary and secondary alkyl halides is presented.