bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Актуальные вопросы квалификации посредничества во взяточничестве
Authors: Степанова К.Г.
Published: February 2024

В статье определено, что в современных условиях проблемными для правоприменителя остаются вопросы квалификации посредничества во взяточничестве с учетом сложности уголовно-правовой оценки таких действий и их отграничения от смежных составов преступлений. Таким образом в статье рассмотрены проблемы квалификации взяточничества. Выявлено, что для того, чтобы определить правильную квалификацию преступления, необходимо обладать способностью правильно разграничивать их между собой и отделять от других смежных составов преступлений. Также определено, что актуальным остается вопрос о необходимости квалификации «получения взятки в значительном размере», если данное деяние связано с вымогательством взятки, либо в составе группы лиц по предварительному сговору или организованной группы.
Классификация оснований прекращения уголовного дела и уголовного преследования
Authors: Шаназарова Е.В.
Published: February 2024

В статье рассматривается классификация оснований прекращения уголовного дела и уголовного преследования. Многообразие выбранных или выработанных учеными конкретных критериев классификации, безусловно, вызывает многообразие точек зрения по указанному вопросу, в связи с чем, вариативность критериев указанных классификации не означает их непременную условность. Анализ уголовно-процессуальных новелл, регламентирующих основания прекращения уголовного дела и уголовного преследования, весьма актуален. Это важно в первую очередь для принятия мер по реабилитации и возмещению вреда, причиненного лицу в результате уголовного преследования.
Судебное производство по уголовному делу с назначением меры уголовно-правового характера в виде судебного штрафа
Authors: Шаназарова Е.В. , Шумова В.Д.
Published: February 2024

В статье рассматривается судебное производство по уголовному делу с назначением меры уголовно-правового характера в виде судебного штрафа. В уголовно-процессуальном институте прекращения уголовного дела или уголовного преследования в связи с назначением меры уголовно-правового характера в виде судебного штрафа нашел проявление новый подход к правовой оценке постпреступного поведения лица, привлекаемого к уголовной ответственности, выраженный в прекращении уголовного производства вследствие выполнения требований, предусмотренных ст. 25.1 УПК РФ, а также уплаты судебного штрафа, влекущем освобождение от уголовной ответственности.
Атака мертвецов. Оборона крепости Осовец во время Первой Мировой войны
Authors: Чайка М.И. , Лаврентьева М.А.
Published: February 2024

В данной статье рассматривается конкретное событие периода Первой Мировой войны – оборона крепости Осовец с сентября 1914 г. по август 1915 г. Поднимается вопрос о причинах возникновения вышеобозначенного конфликта и его значения для мировой истории. Сделаны выводы о том, что оборона крепости Осовец стала одним из ведущих примеров отваги, героизма и мужества, отчаянной борьбы за жизнь и патриотического духа бойцов и их командования.
Влияние концентрации препарата Ультрамаг комби и амидного азота на урожайность зерна яровой пшеницы
Authors: Иванов Д.И. , Прокина Л.Н. , Рысева Н.А. , Рожнова Я.А.
Published: February 2024

В статье приводятся результаты исследований урожайности зерна яровой пшеницы в зависимости от концентрации препарата Ультрамаг комби и азота в амидной форме при внекорневой обработке. Установлено, что двукратное применение препарата Ультрамаг комби при норме расхода свыше 4 л/га вызывало достоверное увеличении продуктивности зерна (на 37 г/м2, или, 19 % по отношению к контролю). При этом достоверной разницы с отдельно применяемым азотом в эквивалентных нормах не установлено.
Treatment and Disposal of Sewage Sludge: Assessment of Effectiveness and Efficiency for the Purposes of Tariff Regulation of Wastewater Disposal companies
Authors: Shkaredo V.A. , Epstain A.D. , Sambursky G.A. , Cherepova D.A. , Maximova A.S. , Epiphanova M.A.
Published: February 2024

The possibilities of economic justification for activities related to the treatment and disposal of sewage sludge are considered by assessing their effectiveness and efficiency. Two assessment methods are proposed: based on integral target indicators and based on a risk-based approach. A combined assessment of the effectiveness and efficiency of production and investment program activities is recommended. It is based on the main regulatory documents regulating the field of wastewater disposal. It is noted that the use of this approach will provide regulatory and regulated institutions with an effective mechanism for economic argumentation of the process costs related to the treatment of sewage sludge.
Cyber attacks on UAV networks: A comprehensive survey
Authors: Mahalle Ashish , Khandelwal Sarika , Dhore Abhishek , Barbudhe Vishwajit , Waghmare Vivek
Published: February 2024

New technologies are constantly emerging in the modern world and changing the way we live our everyday lives. Although technology has many useful applications, there are various ways it can potentially be abused. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are one of the most rapidly developing technologies, with potentially far-reaching consequences. A new focus on UAV applications has fueled rising concerns with regards to security, specifically around networked UAVs. UAVs may be managed from a remote place with relative ease. Essential operations involving the use of military tactics and weapons involve employing them in a variety of situations, such as reconnaissance, surveillance, and offensive, defensive, and civilian capacities. Message insertion, message manipulation, jamming, and GPS spoofing are the most commonly used cyber-attacks against these systems. Ensuring the security of electronics and communications in systems that employ several UAVs is of utmost importance to guarantee their safety and dependability in military and civilian activities. Many technological methods have been developed over the past decade for securing UAVs from cyber-attacks. This paper attempts to summaries the problems that can arise with unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), cyber-attacks, and the countermeasures used to protect against them. This is the first paper that details all of the past cyber-attacks on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).
Acute Arterial Thrombosis Following Chemoterapy in Patient with Oral Cavity Carcinoma- Importance of Decision Making in Family Medicine Practice- A Case Report
Authors: IVANOVA Nevena
Published: February 2024

Oral cancer is most common in developing countries, but is also seen in the rest of the world. In more than 90% of cases, squamous cell is found. Treatment is surgical with or without subsequent adjuvant therapy. Patients with tumors have a higher risk of thrombosis, assuming that the underlying pathophysiological mechanism is endothelial dysfunction. The presented case describes the development of acute thrombosis of the right common femoral artery in a patient with late diagnosed carcinoma of the floor of the oral cavity after a consecutive treatment with cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil and cetuximab. A 62-year-old man was diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the floor of the oral cavity, with subsequent surgical resection and radiotherapy. Due to recurrence, a laryngectomy was performed and 6 courses of chemotherapy with cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil and cetuximab were followed. 2 days after the last infusion, acute peripheral arterial thrombosis was developed. Cancer and applied antitumor therapy exert a synergistic effect on coagulation activation. The exact mechanisms by which thrombotic complications occur are not fully understood. They suggest a toxic damage to the vascular endothelium, which leads to a decreased expression of nitric oxide synthetase and, accordingly, vasodilation, a decrease in anticoagulants and an increase in the levels of procoagulants such as tissue factor, which activates coagulation and induces the activation of platelets. The general practitioner occupies a central role in the health care system in a number of countries. In order to be able to perform its complex activities and successfully solve diverse health problems it is necessary to possess specific knowledge and skills from various fields of medicine.
Job Loss and Financial Distress During COVID-19: The Protective Role of Emergency Savings
Authors: Despard Mathieu , Roll Stephen
Published: February 2024

Nearly a quarter of U.S. households experienced job or income losses related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Liquid assets mitigate financial distress amidst financial shocks such as job loss, yet this relationship concerning the COVID-19 pandemic is unknown. Using a nationally representative sample of U.S. respondents (N= 4,765) who completed a survey in the early days of the pandemic, we examined pre-pandemic liquid assets as a moderator of the relationship between COVID-19-related job and income loss and financial distress such as difficulty meeting financial obligations and the use of high-cost financial resources. Estimates from propensity score-weighted linear probability models indicated that greater liquid assets lessened the probability of experiencing all eight measures of financial distress and moderated the effect of COVID-19-related job/income loss on five out of eight measures. These results hold when examining financial distress specifically attributed to COVID-19 and controlling for public program participation and Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act supports.
Insects as alternative sources of protein for food and feed
Authors:   Tebrio, Spain
Published: February 2024

With significant concerns about the environmental impact of conventional crop and livestock production, there is a growing interest in utilising novel alternative sources of protein in both human and animal diets. Insects have long been consumed by an array of species, such as birds, fish and mammals, including humans.

Insects as alternative sources of protein for food and feed provides a comprehensive overview of the recent research undertaken in this rapidly-expanding area. The book reviews the production and application of black soldier flies, yellow mealworms and other insects as alternative protein sources in poultry, pig and fish feed, as well as their nutritional benefits and challenges that can arise as a result of their use.

Through its considered approach, the book explores how the safety of insect-derived protein can be ensured across the supply chain, as well as how we can optimise its use as a sustainable feed and food source which contributes to a more resilient food system.
Advances in substrate source composition for rearing black soldier fly larvae as a protein source
Authors:   Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden, Lalander Cecilia , Guidini Lopes Ivã ,   Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Sweden
Published: February 2024

Over the last decade, interest in rearing black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens (L.), Diptera: Stratiomyidae) has grown exponentially. BSF larvae (BSFL) can be reared on any waste substrate, but the type of substrate markedly impacts the overall efficiency of the process as well as the composition of the larval biomass. It also influences the overall environmental impact of the generated larval protein. In this chapter, we look at available waste streams for BSFL rearing in the European Union and globally. We describe the different process parameters, in addition to substrate properties that influence process efficiency, and how different substrates affect the process, the composition of the larval biomass as well as the environmental impact. Later in the chapter, the implications and challenges faced by the insect industry are discussed, along with ways in which these challenges can be met.
Detection of caries and determination of treatment needs using DentMA teledentistry: A deep learning approach
Authors: Abdat Munifah , Herwanda  , Jannah Miftahul , Soraya Cut
Published: February 2024

Background: Teledentistry is considered capable of detecting dental caries remotely without direct contact with patients. Deep learning (DL) algorithms are trained with sufficient datasets to find patterns and models based on learning. By using a DL model, we propose a conceptual framework for the screening of dental caries using smartphones: the DentMA application, a new breakthrough in teledentistry technology. In this study, the DentMA teledentistry application was used for mobile screening for caries. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the use of DentMA teledentistry to detect dental caries, enamel-dentin caries, and untreated caries, and to determine treatment needs in children. Methods: The participants of this study were 124 children aged 4–6 years. The study was conducted by having the participants’ mothers take intraoral clinical photos of the participants using the DentMA teledentistry application on their smartphones. For the photo to be taken, each participant was directed to sit upright, with the head looking straight ahead and the mouth open. Results: The results showed that DentMA teledentistry was capable of detecting dental, enamel-dentin, and untreated caries in children, and its ability to predict dental treatment needs was good (p < 0.005). Teledentistry screening using a mobile phone can detect not only caries but also a relationship between the complaints and the medical histories of patients with dental caries. Conclusion: The DentMA teledentistry application can detect dental caries in children according to the individuals’ complaints, including enamel-dentin caries and advanced caries, and can help determine treatment needs.
Re-Layout Design of the Kalus 1.6 Warehouse Using the Class-Based Storage Method at PT XYZ
Authors: Fadillah Muhammad Rafii , Fahma Fakhrina
Published: February 2024

PT XYZ is a company engaged in the electricity sector, where the main tasks are to produce, distribute, and provide electricity to the public. PT XYZ has Distribution Parent Units, such as the Greater Jakarta Distribution Parent Unit, which is responsible for distributing electricity in Jakarta and electrical equipment such as Miniature Circuit Breakers (MCB), Molded Case Circuit Breakers (MCCB), Kilowatt Hour (kWh) Meters, and others. Problems that exist in the Kalus Warehouse 1.6 of PT XYZ include the placement of goods that are less organized and the First In First Out (FIFO) system has not been running properly. This research aims to see the application of the fishbone diagram and class-based storage method in the Kalus Warehouse 1.6 of PT XYZ which previously still used a randomized storage system, namely the placement of goods randomly in any available space. The method used is to determine the cause of the problems that have been mentioned, design a layout with a minimum total displacement distance and optimize the allocation of types of goods. Based on the ranking of T/S calculation results, 2 proposed layouts were generated. Then, the two layouts are compared to find the most suitable warehouse layout which is the optimal condition with a decrease in rectlinear travel distance which is greater than the existing travel distance. to be applied to the Kalus Warehouse 1.6 of PT XYZ.
Educational Data Mining in Outcome-Based Education: An Analysis of Predictive Models for Program Learning Outcome Attainment
Authors: Agha Dua , Meghji Areej Fatemah , Bhatti Sania , Memon Mariam
Published: February 2024

Outcome-based Education (OBE) is a student-centered strategy that focuses on students' performance in terms of knowledge, skills, and attitude to address academic gaps. Educational Data Mining (EDM) utilizes artificial intelligence and machine learning to analyze student data and boost academic achievements. Experimenting with student academic data of 397 first-year students of Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, covering nine courses and spanning two semesters, this research proposes a prediction mechanism to help anticipate student academic outcomes at an early stage during their university degree. The aim of this research is threefold. First, an exploration of EDM-based classification to predict OBE-based Program Learning Outcome (PLO) attainment. Second, the investigation of imbalanced class distribution and the benefits of using the Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique on educational data. Third, a comprehensive performance evaluation of eleven classifiers is explored in this research. The evaluation entailed the use of accuracy, Kappa, recall, and precision to assess classifier performance on both balanced and unbalanced class distributions. Although several classifiers were found to be competent in handling educational data for OBE-PLO prediction, the Random Forest exhibited superior performance with an accuracy of 76.88% and a Kappa score of 0.727.
Foodborne Diseases - A Public Health Challenge
Authors: M. Gayathri , Panjikkaran Seeja Thomachan , E.R. Aneena , K.T. Suman , P.S. Lakshmy , C.L. Sharon
Published: February 2024

+Foodborne diseases are caused by consuming foods contaminated with toxic chemicals or biotoxins or foods containing bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, or foods containing bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. Foodborne infections are a major global health problem that causes substantial morbidity and mortality around the world. Each year, over 600 million people are affected by foodborne diseases. Children under five years are particularly at a high risk comprising 30% of the total foodborne deaths annually. Foodborne diseases are classified as foodborne infection, foodborne intoxication and foodborne toxic infection. Ingestion of viable pathogens like bacteria, viruses, parasites and protozoa along with the food leads to food infection. Ingestion of preformed toxins, previously generated by bacteria in food, are causes foodborne intoxication. Staphylococcal intoxication and botulism are some examples of food intoxication. Foodborne toxic infection is caused by microorganisms that create toxins in situ after being eaten with food, infecting the intestine. Cholera, listeriosis and Clostridium perfringens gastroenteritis are some examples of toxic infections. Foodborne diseases can be prevented by proper sanitation and hygiene, using safe raw materials and using the right temperature to prepare and store food. Safe food handling practices can be ensured by following HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point) and FSSAI (Food Safety and Standards Authority of India) guidelines. Foodborne disease will continue to be a major hazard around the world, but with effective sanitation and hygiene, prevention is not difficult.
Maternal Employment and Nutritional Status of Preschool Children
Authors: Yasmeen Wahida , Motiur Rahman Md. , Sultana Hafiza , Saha Tanmoy , Ferdous Jinia Syeda Tahmina , Mosiul Alom Foisal Mahammad
Published: February 2024

The early childhood development is the most crucial and the mother’s care and attention is essential. The inevitable changes like women entering the workplace have an effect on child growth and development. The purpose of the study was to compare the nutritional status of preschool children between employed and unemployed mothers. The study was conducted in the urban community of Rajshahi city from January to December, 2018. The comparative cross sectional study was conducted among 400 children aged fewer than five years with their respondents. Respondents were selected by a purposive sampling method and data were collected by semi-structured questionnaire by face to face interview. Nutritional status was assessed by anthropometric measurements. The mean age of the employed and unemployed mothers were 30.79±2.99 and 30.58±2.89 years respectively. Most of the employed mothers (91.0%) practiced exclusive breast-feeding for 6 months. Among the unemployed mothers, 64.0% practiced, which was a high statistical difference (p<0.05). There was highly significant statistical difference among mothers of two groups regarding starting complementary feeding as p=0.004. There was no significant statistical difference regarding children’s Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC) classification. Weight for Age (WAZ) - score, Height for Age (HAZ)-score and Weight for Height (WHZ) - score of employed and unemployed mother’s children showed a significant difference (p<0.05). The study showed that maternal employed status play an essential role in determining child health care practice, which may influence a child’s health and development in later life.
Phytochemical Screening and GC-MS Analysis of Bioactive Constituents of Methanolic Extract from Raphanus sativus Leaves Powder
Authors: P.M. Nafila , S.R. Shemi George
Published: February 2024

Radish leaves belong to the Brassicaceae family. Radish leaves are the ancient long green foliage leafy vegetables consumed all over the world. It is consumed more often due to their health benefits. The radish leaves are abundantly available at nominal cost. They are good source of calcium and phosphorous. The radish leaves are known for its hypolipidemic activity. The present study was designed to determine the phytochemical properties present in the radish leaves powder. The radish leaves powder were shade dried to retain its chemical properties. The GC-MS analysis of radish leaves were performed with methanolic extract of radish leaves powder obtained the number of molecular compounds present. The compounds showed antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities.
A Comparative Study on Several Meat Analogues and Development of a Nutritionally Enriched Meat Analogue
Authors: Rai Sweata Rani , Garai Ushasee
Published: February 2024

Vegetarian food products have gained more popularity in the recent market because of consumer’s developing increased health issues awareness and environmental issues and concern. Meat analogues are products that can replace meat by mimicking its functionality, by exhibiting similar product properties and sensory attributes which can be achieved by the fibrous nature of certain plant-based ingredients. The present study was undertaken to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of young adults of West Bengal on understanding of meat analogues followed by development of a gluten free meat analogue enriched with vitamin D2 and calcium. An online survey was carried out amongst the participants of the study to assess the acceptability of meat analogue using a KAP module. The product was developed using two functional ingredients- jackfruit and soya chunks. The product was further enriched with sun dried mushroom and ragi to enhance nutritional value of the product. Sensory and physical attributes was evaluated. Texture Profile Analysis (TPA) was done using TA.TX texture analyser of the most approved variation.70% of the respondents were aware of meat analogues, 93.3% stated that they have never consumed meat analogues and 67.7% reported of meat analogue as a healthy alternative. Sample 3C was the most approved variation containing jack fruit (26.7%), soya chunk powder (11.4%), gram flour (4%), dried oyster mushroom (3.8%), beetroot (3.8%), ragi (3.8%), Carboxy Methyl Cellulose or CMC (2.8%), sunflower oil (2.8%), salt (1.9%) and water (30.4%). The texture profile based on hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, cohesiveness, gumminess, resilience was very promising showing negligible variation compared with the standard thereby increasing product’s acceptability by consumers.
Development of Bioactive Plantain Stem Juice Blends and Shelf Life Analysis
Authors: S. K. Mathanghi , K. Sudha
Published: February 2024

The plantain stem is enriched with minerals and it is an underutilized agricultural produce which is low in cost. The study aimed to focus on the detection of phytochemicals present in refrigerated amla, guava and lemon juice incorporated plantain stem juice blends for increased shelf life. Plantain stem juice was added with acidic fruits such as lemon, guava and amla to increase the nutritional and sensorial property. The acceptability of Plantain stem juice blends were determined and standardized using consumer preference study. The formulated juice blends were bottled and studied for refrigerated real time storage stability. The analysis of proximate composition and screening of phytochemicals in plantain stem juice blends showed the good extent of bioactive properties within it and the lemon incorporated plantain stem juice blend showed the maximum sensory score of 7.83 with 12 days extension of shelf-life.
Does Nutritional Knowledge Translate into Healthier Dietary Practices: Perceptions and Barriers to Healthy Eating among Indian Adults
Authors: Mediratta Srishti , Mathur Pulkit
Published: February 2024

Adequate level of nutritional knowledge need not assure good dietary practices. Perceptions about the link between food and health as well as barriers in following healthy eating practices need to be examined to understand why people choose certain foods over others. The objective of the study was to assess the knowledge, perceptions and practices of adults regarding healthy eating. It is a cross-sectional, observational study where participants were selected purposively from a total of 23 housing colonies from four geographical zones (North, South, East, and West) of Delhi, India. A mixed methods approach was used to study the eating habits of 589 adults (20-40 years of age). A pretested questionnaire was used to gather information on knowledge, perceptions and practices regarding healthy eating. Twelve focus group discussions with 6-8 participants in each group were also conducted. The knowledge and practice scores had a weak positive relationship (p=0.181, p<0.01). Taste, emotional state of mind, social company and convenience influenced the food choices. Barriers such as lack of time to prepare meals, busy work schedules, not having skills to cook meals caused difficulty in following a healthy diet. Raising nutrition literacy levels cannot be the only focus of interventions to improve the quality of diet in a community. The barriers and enablers of a healthy diet need to be addressed in order to facilitate better food choices. A systematic ‘whole of society’ approach can be used to make a more conducive food environment.
Acceptability of an Indigenous Therapeutic Food in Children with Severe Wasting in Karnataka, India
Authors: Manivannan Madhu Mitha , Swaminathan Sumathi
Published: February 2024

To reduce the burden of severe wasting, an energy- and nutrient-dense food similar in nutrient composition to F-100 is essential to ensure catch-up growth. A culturally acceptable, therapeutic food prepared with adequate shelf life is desirable. This study aimed to evaluate the acceptability of three flavours of a food product in severely malnourished children aged 6 to 59 months. The primary outcomes measured included the amount consumed in 15 minutes and time taken until the child stopped eating and secondary outcome, the mother’s sensory rating on appearance, aroma, flavour, and consistency and perception on the child’s liking of the food product. Acceptability was defined as the consumption of 60% of the quantity of food calculated at 150 kcal/kg/day. Mother’s sensory evaluation and her perception of child’s liking for the product were recorded on a 5-point hedonic scale. At 15 minutes and at end of observation, 78.6% and 94.3% of regular, 68.6% and 81.4% of cardamom, 63.0% and 80.8% of apple-cardamom flavours of the food product were consumed respectively. Time taken for completion of the product was 27.5±14.3, 27.5±12.1 and 27.0±15.3 minutes for regular, cardamom and apple-cardamom flavours. The sensory rating by mothers and their perception of the child’s liking was around 4 to 5 (“like it a little” to “like it a lot”) for the various parameters. The designed food was thus, found to be acceptable. Further plans are to evaluate the effectiveness of the food product in promoting weight gain in severely wasted children.
Mighty Millets for Food, Nutrition and Health Security
Authors: E. D. Israel Oliver King , G. N. Hariharan , Swaminathan Soumya , Panda Akshaya Kumar , . Anbuvahini , C. S. Dhanya , Venkataraman Gayatri , G. Girigan , R. Gopinath , R Goutham. , M. D. Hossain , Lenka Kartik Charan , D. J. Nithya , V. R. Prabavathy , Parida Prashant K. , R. Ramasubramanian , R. Rengalakshmi , Rajeesh Sangeetha , V. Shakeela , Velu Sivan Kalyani , V. V. Sivan , S. Velvizhi
Published: February 2024

The United Nations General Assembly declared 2023 as the International Year of Millets to promote the nutritional benefits and climate resilience of millets, an ancient food for over half a million people in Asia and Africa. Millets are produced in over 130 countries and are cultivated in rainfed regions, providing income and livelihood security to farmers. They are also known as ‘Smart Food’ due to their high protein, antioxidants, and micronutrient content, making them popular among celiac disease sufferers and those on gluten-free diets. However, global millet cultivation has declined significantly in the last five decades, with a 22.5 lakh ha area per decade decline. India is the largest producer of millets, with 37.5% of the total global output. The decline may be attributed to limitations in crop improvement efforts, shift towards high-value cash crops, inadequate policies, and low farm profitability. The M.S. Swaminathan Research Foundation organized an International conference on Mighty Millets for food, nutrition, and health security in August 2023. The paper emphasizes the need to achieve Food, Nutrition, and Health security through millets, adding gaps and priorities in research, innovation, development, extension, and policy domain to sustain efforts. Addressing these gaps and priorities is timely and imperative to sustain the efforts and ensure the sustainability of millets as a sustainable food source for millions of people worldwide.
Asociación entre los niveles de TSH normales-altos y el desarrollo de la enfermedad de Alzheimer: una revisión sistemática
Authors:   , Alfaro Trejo Alexandra Susana , Camarena Romero Betsabe Angela
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Determinar si los niveles de TSH normales-altos son un factor de riesgo para desarrollar la enfermedad de Alzheimer. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática de estudios utilizando los buscadores de PubMed, Web Of Science, Scopus y Google scholar, se incluyó únicamente estudios de cohorte que evaluaban los efectos de la TSH relacionados al posterior desarrollo de la enfermedad de Alzheimer; excluyéndose aquellos estudios que incluían pacientes con otros tipos de demencia. Se realizó metaanálisis de las medidas de asociación y los valores numéricos cuyo efecto fue expresado con un intervalo de confianza del 95%. Resultados: Se incluyeron 9 estudios, que evaluaron un total de 9191 pacientes adultos con valores de TSH que variaron desde 0.5 – 2.36 mcg/mL. Después de realizar el análisis estadístico de tres de los estudios incluidos, no se encontró evidencia de una diferencia estadística o clínicamente importante entre los niveles de TSH y el desarrollo de la enfermedad de Alzheimer (IC del 95%). Se metaanalizaron 3 estudios según sus valores numéricos y 9 estudios según su medida de asociación, en ambos casos se logró evidenciar que los niveles de TSH no presentaron asociación ni relevancia clínica ni estadísticamente significativa para el desarrollo de la enfermedad de Alzheimer. Conclusión: No se mostró relación entre los niveles normales-altos de TSH y la enfermedad de Alzheimer. Se requieren mayores estudios de cohorte con poblaciones más grandes y heterogéneas.
Perfil y expectativas de los médicos que realizan la maestría Salud Ocupacional en una Universidad de Lima
Authors:   , Carhuamaca Mendoza Wilber Augurio
Published: February 2024

Introducción: Desde el 2011 la medicina ocupacional recobró su importancia gracias a la ley que se aplicó ese año, por lo que es importante caracterizar el perfil que tienen los profesionales que se desempeñan en esta especialidad. Objetivo: Determinar el perfil y expectativas de los médicos que realizan la maestría Salud Ocupacional en una Universidad de Lima. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional, que se basó en una encuesta de recolección de datos que se aplicó a médicos en salud ocupacional que realizaban su maestría. Se muestra sus características personales, académicas, laborales y motivaciones, también se determinó si dichas características estaban asociadas a su satisfacción laboral. Resultados: De los 184 médicos encuestados, el 55,4% (102) fueron del sexo femenino, la mediana de edades fue 31 años. La mediana de antigüedad laboral fue de 4 años, tenían a su cargo 475 trabajadores. Las principales motivaciones que llevaron a que los médicos realicen la maestría en salud ocupacional fueron el que podía ejercer el liderazgo (89,4%) y que podían trabajar en equipo (87,2%). La mayoría tenía una buena satisfacción laboral (78,7%); no estando asociada a ninguna de las características personales, académicas o laborales (p>0,05 en todos los casos). Conclusión: El perfil del médico en salud ocupacional es el recién egresado que recientemente ha ingresado al ambiente de la salud laboral, que viene capacitándose y está motivado para trabajar en equipo, su satisfacción en el trabajo es buena no importando las características particulares o de sus centros laborales.
Propuesta digital centrada en la experiencia del cliente para la captación de tarjetas de crédito de un banco retail
Authors:   , Huamanchumo Cuellar Genaro David , Seminario Valverde José Martín
Published: February 2024

Las organizaciones buscan transformarse digitalmente para adaptarse a las exigencias del cliente. El sector financiero está en constante crecimiento apalancándose de tecnologías para incrementar el nivel de captaciones. En el Perú, la tarjeta de crédito es el producto con mayor demanda, sin embargo, para el Banco retail, el market share se ha visto afectado a nivel de captaciones, sumado a la baja valoración de clientes digitales. El Banco retail tiene como objetivo general mejorar la captación de tarjetas de crédito a través de una propuesta digital centrada en la experiencia del cliente. Para ello, se realizó una encuesta de 20 preguntas a 400 personas entre 25 y 45 años estructurada en las dimensiones de usabilidad, seguridad y calidad. Como resultado, se propusieron soluciones tecnológicas enfocadas en lograr un balance en usabilidad y seguridad, sumado a incorporar metodologías y herramientas hacia una nueva propuesta de valor del cliente digital.
Examen toxicológico y de alcoholemia en la evaluación del puesto de trabajo en altura estructural para trabajadores de una mina de Lima 2021 - 2022
Authors:   , Ramirez Chunga Julio Cesar , Villalobos Paredes Luis Angel
Published: February 2024

Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de resultados positivos a alcohol y drogas y factores asociados en trabajadores de altura estructural de una mina de Lima. 2021 – 2022. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio de tipo transversal con un enfoque descriptivo y analítico. Se incluyó a los trabajadores que realizan tareas en altura estructural (TEAE) con exámenes toxicológicos y alcoholemia en el periodo entre julio 2021 a enero del 2022, excluyendo a los que cuya muestra obtenida resultó hemolizada. Los datos obtenidos fueron colocados en una base de excel para su posterior análisis. Resultados: Se reveló 252 trabajadores que pasaron el examen médico ocupacional (EMO), donde 17 fueron excluidos por muestras hemolizadas. Los participantes presentaron una edad media correspondiente a 35,9 años, donde el 99,6% eran varones. El 52,8% se somete a exámenes Pre-Ocupacionales y el 86,4% pertenece al área de cemento blanco. De los 235 trabajadores evaluados y que negaron consumo de alcohol o drogas, 19 de ellos salieron positivos en el consumo de alguna de estas sustancias. En el análisis multivariado, la prevalencia fue mayor en aquel grupo etáreo menor de 30 años y tipo de examen médico preocupacional. Conclusiones: Hubo un mayor número de casos positivos para cocaína y marihuana, en comparación al único caso positivo para alcohol. Se visualizó una mayor prevalencia en el grupo etáreo menor de 30 años. Se recomienda ofrecer intervenciones oportunas para evitar complicaciones y contribuir con la modificación de actitudes de este grupo.
Analysis of the influencing factors and sources of brown carbon light absorption in a typical megacity of the Yangtze River Delta, China
Authors: Xu Shanshu , Wang Junfeng , Li Yue'e , Zhang Ning , Ge Xinlei , Aruffo Eleonora
Published: February 2024

Brown carbon (BrC) is a new term for organic aerosol (OA) with strong absorption ability from the vis to UV wavelengths, which plays a vital role in atmospheric visibility and climate change. Herein, we report field measurements from 1 March 2020 to 28 February 2021, sampled at the urban Suzhou, Yangtze River Delta (YRD), China, to investigate the optical properties and sources of BrC. The light absorption of BrC was found to be highest (babs370=9.0±7.2 Mm-1) in winter and lowest (babs370=5.1±3.3 Mm-1) in summer, respectively. The AAE value of BrC in winter was 1.22±0.05, followed by 1.21±0.05, 1.20±0.05, and 1.19±0.05 for fall, spring and summer, respectively. The MAC of secondary organic carbon (SOC) was 3.3±0.2 m2g-1 in spring, 2.9±0.1 m2g-1 in summer, 4.3±0.1 m2g-1 in fall and 2.8±0.2 m2g-1 in winter, significantly lower than that of primary organic carbon (POC) (12.1±0.3 m2g-1 in spring, 10.2±0.2 m2g-1 in summer, 13.6±0.3 m2g-1 in fall and 10.7±0.2 m2g-1 in winter) at 370nm, suggesting photochemical oxidation could weaken the light absorption of aged BrC. Five different BrC sources were identified by Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF), including a biomass burning-related, a vehicle-related, a sulfate-related, a nitrate-related, and a dust-related source, which averagely contributed 7.4%, 73.4%, 11.9%, 1.9%, and 5.4% to babs370. The Potential Source Contribution Factor (PSCF) analysis showed that high polluted period was mainly contributed by air mass from the south. Besides, the influence degree of the potential source areas, the sequence was winter > spring > fall > summer. Our results improve the understanding of BrC in an important industrial city in YRD, which could reduce the uncertainty of the prediction of its climate effect in this region.
Self-perceived impact of COVID-19 measures and adolescent mental health: gender, age and socioeconomic differences in 22 Countries
Authors: Reiss Franziska , Cosma Alina , Bersia Michela , Erhart Michael , Dalmasso Paola , Devine Janine , Hulbert Sabina , Catunda Carolina , Gobina Inese , Giladi Ariela , Klanšček Helena Jeriček , Sieberer Ulrike Ravens
Published: February 2024

Background
The COVID-19-pandemic had a profound impact on the adolescents’ lives worldwide. In our study, we examined the self-perceived impact of the COVID-19 pandemic measures and its association with mental health and well-being among a representative sample of 13-and 15-years-old adolescents from 22 countries.
Methods
Data from the cross-national Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) 2021/22 study was used (N = 67,544; 51.9% girls). Self-perceived impact of COVID-19 measures was assessed by 10 items asking about its impact on e.g., relationships with family and friends, health, or eating behaviours. Mental health was evaluated by loneliness, psychosomatic health complaints, and life satisfaction. First, a non-parametric multilevel latent class analysis considering individual, and country-levels was conducted to identify COVID-19 impact groups. Second, logistic regression models adjusted by age and socioeconomic status were applied in order to assess the association between COVID-19 impact classes and mental health. The regression analyses were stratified by gender.
Results
Three classes were identified on individual level encompassing a neutral (51%), negative (18%) or positive (31%) perception of COVID-19 impact. No heterogeneous results of distribution were found within and across countries. Within the positive impact class, social relationships were the most important dimension, whereas mental health problems were mostly represented within the negative impact class. Adolescents with a negative perception of the COVID-19 showed worse mental health than peers with a neutral or positive perception. Girls with a negative perception showed higher levels of loneliness and psychosomatic health complaints and lower life satisfaction compared to boys and peers with a neutral or positive perception. Older adolescents and those with a low socioeconomic status showed more loneliness and lower life satisfaction.
Conclusions
The impact of COVID-19 pandemic showed quite heterogeneous patterns both within and across countries. Support interventions and health promotion should focus especially on girls, older adolescents, and those with a low SES as they were at higher risk of suffering from pandemic measures and associated problems of loneliness, psychosomatic complaints, and low life satisfaction. Adolescents are able to reflect on measures that impact their health and therefore should be involved in the decision-making process.
Temporal Trends in the Prevalence of Hypertensive Heart Disease in Women of Childbearing Age Over 30 Years
Authors: Hu Ben , Wang Yan , Chen Dong , Feng Jun , Fan Yinguang , Hou Linlin
Published: February 2024

Aim
Epidemiological research on hypertensive heart disease (HHD) in women of childbearing age (WCBA) remains scarce. Our objective is to describe the current prevalence of HHD in WCBA at global, regional, and national levels and to analyze its temporal trends from 1990 to 2019.
Methods
WCBA was defined as women aged 15–49 years. Estimates and 95% Uncertainty Intervals (UI) of HHD prevalence numbers for seven age groups (15–19, 20–24, 25–29, 30–34, 35–39, 40–44, 45–49 years) were extracted from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD). The age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) of HHD in WCBA was estimated using the direct age-standardization method. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to calculate the Annual Percentage Change (APC) and Average APC (AAPC) along with their 95% Confidence Intervals (CI), analyzing the temporal trends from 1990 to 2019.
Results
In 1990 and 2019, the global ASPR of HHD in WCBA was 23.20 (95% UI: 12.72 to 38.43) and 23.67 (95% UI: 13.02 to 38.73), respectively, with high Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) regions generally exhibiting higher ASPRs than other regions. From 1990 to 2019, there was a significant global increase in HHD WCBA (AAPC = 0.08%, 95% CI:0.03 to 0.12; P < 0.001), with notable increases in high-middle SDI region (AAPC = 0.78%, 95%CI: 0.69 to 0.88; P < 0.001), middle SDI region (AAPC = 0.32%, 95%CI: 0.27 to 0.37; P < 0.001), low-middle SDI region (AAPC = 0.50%, 95%CI: 0.44 to 0.56; P < 0.001), and low SDI region (AAPC = 0.36%, 95%CI: 0.34 to 0.37; P < 0.001). However, HHD in high SDI regions significantly decreased (AAPC = -0.52%, 95% CI: -0.74 to -0.31; P < 0.001). The most significant changes occurred in different periods. The ASPR trends of HHD in WCBA varied greatly among 204 countries and territories.
Conclusions
Between 1990 and 2019, there was strong heterogeneity in the ASPR of HHD in WCBA globally and in its temporal trends (1990–2019). The ASPR decreased in high SDI regions but continuously increased in low SDI regions. These findings highlight the stark global disparities in HHD among WCBA, with significant implications for the equitable allocation of medical resources and the formulation of relevant health policies.
Biological activity and structure-activity relationship of functionalized thiols against Leishmania major, the agent of human cutaneous leishmaniasis
Authors: Dondji Blaise , Henne Taylor , Curry Linsey , Smith Cameron , Gunther Kenlei , Braunstein Hannah , Farah Abdikani Omar , Beng Timothy
Published: February 2024

Leishmania are protozoan parasites causing a spectrum of pathologies in humans grouped under the name leishmaniasis. Clinical outcomes range from the self-healing cutaneous form to the visceral one that is fatal in the absence of treatment. The leishmaniases are endemic in 98 countries in the tropics, subtropics, and southern Europe where 3 million new cases and more than 50,000 deaths are recorded yearly. The control of the disease is challenging with no approved vaccine coupled with toxic chemotherapeutics and development of parasite resistance to some available drugs. It is therefore evident that identification of new control methods including new therapeutics should be strongly encouraged. In the present study, thiol organic compounds were synthesized and tested for their activity against Leishmania major, the causative agent of human cutaneous leishmaniasis. Of the 21 compounds tested, 13 were active against L. major promastigotes in vitro at 100 µg/mL. Selected compounds tested in a dose-response assay showed activity at concentration as low as 25 µg/mL, a level of activity similar to that of Amphotericin B, a drug of choice for the treatment of human leishmaniasis. Structure-activity analysis shows that the addition of certain substituents such as a methoxy group to a compound that was biologically active renders it inactive. Together, our data demonstrate that functionalized thiols have in vivo anti-Leishmania activity that is directly linked to their chemical structure.
PRMT1 promotes Warburg effect by regulating the PKM2/PKM1 ratio in Non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Lu Jun , Peng Lu , Zhao Yujiao , Tan Jiang , Hou Jingyao , Jin Xin , Liu Dong-Xu , Huang Baiqu
Published: February 2024

Abnormal epigenetic modifications are involved in the regulation of Warburg effect in tumor cells. Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) mediate arginine methylation and have critical functions in cellular responses. PRMTs are deregulated in a variety of cancers, but their precise roles in Warburg effect in cancer is largely unknown. Experiments from the current study showed that PRMT1 was highly expressed under conditions of glucose sufficiency. PRMT1 induced an increase in the PKM2/PKM1 ratio through upregulation of PTBP1, in turn, promoting aerobic glycolysis in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The PRMT1 level in p53-deficient and p53-mutated NSCLC remained relatively unchanged while the expression was reduced in p53 wild-type NSCLC under conditions of glucose insufficiency. Notably, p53 activation under glucose-deficient conditions could suppress USP7 and further accelerate the polyubiquitin-dependent degradation of PRMT1. Melatonin, a hormone that inhibits glucose intake, markedly suppressed cell proliferation of p53 wild-type NSCLC, while a combination of melatonin and the USP7 inhibitor P5091 enhanced the anticancer activity in p53-deficient NSCLC. Our collective findings support a role of PRMT1 in the regulation of Warburg effect in NSCLC. Moreover, combination treatment with melatonin and the USP7 inhibitor showed good efficacy, providing a rationale for the development of PRMT1-based therapy to improve p53-deficient NSCLC outcomes.