bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Interoceptive cardiac signals selectively enhance fear memories
Authors: Garfinkel Sarah , Gould van Praag Cassandra Doris , Engles Miriam , Watson David , Silva Marta , evans simon , Duka Theodora , Critchley HUgo
Published: December 2019

Fear is coupled to states of physiological arousal. We tested how learning and memory of threat, i.e. conditioned fear, is influenced by interoceptive signals. Forty healthy individuals were exposed to two threat (CS+, paired with electrocutaneous shocks) and two safety (CS-) stimuli, specifically time-locked to either cardiac ventricular systole (when arterial baroreceptors signal cardiovascular arousal to brainstem), or diastole (when these afferent signals are quiescent). Threat learning was indexed objectively using skin conductance responses (SCRs). During acquisition of threat contingencies, cardiac effects dominated: Stimuli (both CS+ and CS-) presented at systole evoked greater SCR responses, relative to stimuli (both CS+ and CS-) presented at diastole. This difference was amplified in more anxious individuals. Learning of conditioned fear was established by the end of the acquisition phase, which was followed by an extinction phase when unpaired CSs were presented at either the same or switched cardiac contingencies. One day later, electrocutaneous shocks triggered the reinstatement of fear responses. Subsequent presentation of stimuli previously encoded at systole evoked higher SCRs. Moreover, only those participants for whom stimuli had the same cardiac-contingency over both acquisition and extinction phases retained conditioned fear memory (i.e. CS + > CS-). Our findings reveal two important cardiac afferent effects on threat learning and memory: 1) Cardiac signals bias processing towards threat. 2) Cardiac signals are a context for fear memory; altering this context can disrupt the memory. These observations suggest how threat reactivity may be reinforced and maintained by both acute and enduring states of cardiac arousal.
Social Desirability Bias in Attitudinal Measures. An Experimental Study Looking at Survey Modes, Respondent Traits and the Desirability of Survey Topics and Individual Questions
Authors: Andersen Henrik Kenneth
Published: December 2019

This study looks at negative attitudes towards various out-groups and examines in an experimental design the influence of anonymous interview settings on estimates of attitudes towards supposedly sensitive topics. Respondents were presented with instruments meant to measure various forms of prejudice towards out-groups while the interview was conducted at random either as a computer assisted personal interview (CAPI) or computer assisted self interview (CASI). The scales used in this study can be shown to be both reliable as well as valid, furthermore, in accordance with various research by Bierly (1985), Zick et al. (2008) and Heitmeyer (2005) the results of a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) show various forms of prejudice form a type of generalized attitude. In the more recent articles from Zick et al. (2008), Heitmeyer (2005), Wagner et al. (2008), this is referred to as the ‘Syndrome Group-Focused Enmity’ (GFE). So while both an overarching ‘syndrome’ of prejudice as well as valid and reliable measures of individual forms of prejudice can be empirically confirmed, the results of the analyses show that prejudice towards a specific out-group, let alone a generalized attitude of prejudice, cannot be seen as uniformly desirable. Specific items elicit varying response behaviour. Item- and topic-trait desirabilities were established to help explain the extent to which the survey mode affected estimates. Other respondent- and item-related characteristics also influence SD bias. Survey mode effects are often only seen in conjunction with other factors.
From real to virtual eyes
Authors: Matulovic Mariana , Alexandre de Amorim Cleber , Vacaro de Souza Angela , Sérgio Barbosa dos Santos Paulo , Yuji Aparecido Sakata Geovane , Pulizzi Costa Guilherme , Cardozo de Almeida Douglas , Marques de Mello Jéssica
Published: December 2019

The change in the color of the vegetables peel during the ripening process is the main criterion used by the consumer to define the fruit ripeness degree and for the producer to determine the best time of harvest. This relationship between bark coloration and different maturation stages allows the producer to establish harvest planning and extend shelf life.  Students and faculty of the Biosystems Engineering course at São Paulo State University (UNESP), Tupã Campus, designed and developed a low-cost prototype of a fruit sorting belt, specifically for cherry group tomatoes. In the future, improvement in machinery with the insertion of new devices such as cameras, embedded system, combines sensor technology 3.0 with machine learning 4.0.
PEMBERDAYAAN KELOMPOK TANI MELALUI PENINGKATAN NILAI GUNA RUMPUT LAUT Gracilaria sp. DI KECAMATAN WARA TIMUR KOTA PALOPO
Authors: Srihidayati Gita , Baharuddin M Rusli , Masni Eva Dwi
Published: December 2019

Abstrak: Tujuan dari pelaksanaan kegiatan Program Kemitraan Masyarakat (PKM) kelompok petani rumput laut adalah untuk memberdayakan kelompok petani dalam meningkatkan nilai guna rumput laut Gracilaria sp. melalui penerapan metode pengeringan menggunakan bambu, mengembangkan diversifikasi produk olahan serta memanfaatkan limbah rumput laut sebagai pupuk organik cair (POC) pada tanaman.  Target dan hasil yang diharapkan dari kegiatan ini adalah: 1) Peningkatan keterampilan petani dalam penanganan pasca panen rumput laut sehingga diperoleh rumput laut kering berkualitas, 2) Peningkatan pengetahuan dan keterampilan mitra dalam mengolah rumput laut menjadi produk olahan 3) Petani mampu membuat Pupuk Organik Cair (POC) berbahan dasar limbah rumput laut. Hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan PKM menunjukkan bahwa petani rumput laut yang berada di kecamatan Wara Timur Kota Palopo telah menerapkan teknik penanganan pasca panen yang tepat menggunakan alat bambu, mampu mengolah rumput laut menjadi produk olahan serta meminimalisir limbah rumput laut menjadi produk POC yang bermanfaat. Berdasarkan Penilaian Pelaksanaan Kegiatan pemberdayaan kelompok tani melalui peningkatan nilai guna rumput laut Gracilaria sp oleh mitra menunjukkan rerata skor 4,50 (kategori baik).Abstract:  The purpose of the implementation of the Community Partnership Program (CPP) group of seaweed farmers is to empower the group of farmers in increasing the value of the use of Gracillaria sp. seaweed through the application of drying methods using bamboo, developing diversified processed products and utilizing seaweed waste as a liquid organik fertilizer (LOF) on plants. The targets and expected outcomes of this activity are: 1) Improving the skills of farmers in handling post-harvest seaweed to obtain dry seaweed qualified, 2) Increasing the knowledge and skills of partners in processing seaweed into processed products 3) Farmers are able to make LOF from seaweed waste. The results of the implementation of CPP activities shows that seaweed farmers in Wara Timur sub-district of Palopo City have implemented appropriate post-harvest handling techniques using bamboo tools, able to process seaweed into processed products and minimize seaweed waste into useful LOF products. Based on the Assessment of Implementation the empowerment activities of farmer groups through increasing the value of the use of Gracillaria sp. seaweed by partners showed a mean score of 4.50 (good category).
MENUMBUHKEMBANGKAN SIKAP KRITIS DAN TOLERANSI SISWA MELALUI PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN SISWA TENTANG ILMU NEGARA
Authors: Raissa Amanda , Sukendar Astria Yuli Satyarini , Michael Tomy
Published: December 2019

Abstrak: Ilmu Negara menjadi suatu cabang ilmu yang cukup menarik untuk diketahui dan juga dipelajari oleh banyak orang, karena dalam mempelajari ilmu Negara maka pengetahuan dan juga pemahaman  kita terhadap berbagai macam hal yang dalam kenegaraan dan juga bentuk-bentuk negara akan terus berkembang. Dengan mempelajari ilmu negara juga diharapkan akan menimbulkan pemikiran yang kritis terhadap segala permasalahan yang berkaitan dengan negara-negara yang ada di penjuru dunia, serta menimbulkan rasa toleransi antara masyarakat negara satu dengan negara yang lain. oleh karena itu dalam penyuluhan pada kali ini para siswa di SMA 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya akan mendapatkan pemahaman mengenai  ilmu negara mulai dari bentuk-bentuk negara di seluruh penjuru dunia serta ciri-ciri suatu negara. Adapun penyuluhan yang diberikan akan menjadikan siswa dan juga siswi sudah mulai mengenal tentnang bentuk-bentuk negara dari negaranya sendiri maupun negara lain sehingga akan timbul rasa saling menghargai antar negara yang satu dengan negara yang lain sejak dini.Abstract:  State Science becomes a branch of science that is quite interesting to know and also studied by many people, because in studying State science, our knowledge and also understanding of various kinds of things in the state and also the forms of the state will continue to develop. By studying state science it is also hoped that it will lead to critical thinking on all issues relating to countries around the world, as well as to create a sense of tolerance between the people of one country and another. Therefore, in this counseling, students at SMA 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya will get an understanding of state science starting from the forms of the state in all corners of the world and the characteristics of a country. The counseling will make students and students have started to recognize about the forms of the state from their own country or other countries so that there will be a sense of mutual respect between one country with another country early on.
KEMAMPUAN OBAT KUMUR EKSTRAK JINTEN HITAM SEDIAAN KANTONG CELUP TERHADAP MONOSIT DAN NEUTROFIL PADA ADHESI STREPTOCOCCUS MUTAN
Authors: Supriyana Supriyana , Aryati Endah , Sadimin Sadimin , Utami Wahyu Jati Dyah
Published: December 2019

Jintan hitam mengandung senyawa antimikroba bersifat volatil dan non volatil dengan bermacam tingkat kepolaran. Penelitian sebelumnya dikemukakan semakin lama perendaman kantong celup berisi bahan herbal, kadar klorinnya semakin rendah, terutama pada perendaman kantong celup berisi ekstrak flavonoid dari jinten hitam. Adanya kandungan flavonoid ekstrak jinten hitam dan klorin yang dikeluarkan oleh kantong celup, perlu diketahui bagaimana ekstrak jinten hitam dengan sediaan kantong celup mempengaruhi respon inflamasi sel radang neutrofil yang sebelumnya dipapar Streptokokus mutan secara in-vitro. Penelitian ini bersifat eksperimental laboratories, rancangan penelitian menggunakan the post test only control group design. Populasi penelitian ekstrak flavonoid jinten hitam dengan sediaan kantung celup jumlah sampel minimal 4 sampel untuk tiap kelompok perlakuan. Sampel dikelompok menjadi 10 kelompok yaitu 5 uji adhesi neutrofil dan 5 uji monosit. Hasil perhitungan viabilitas monosit yang dipapar S. mutans menunjukkan bahwa jumlah monosit yang viabel (hidup) pada inkubasi air seduhan 8 menit kantung teh celup ekstrak flavonoid jinten hitam paling tinggi, dan kelompok kontrol (kantung kosong) paling rendah, dan menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antar kelompok perlakuan (p0.05). Obat kumur dengan sediaan teh celup berisi ekstrak flavonoid jinten hitam mampu meningkatkan adhesi S mutans pada neutrofil, sehingga neutrofil sebagai sel imunitas dapat melakukan fagositosis dan membunuh S mutans.
UPAYA PENINGKATAN AKTIVITAS FISIK DAN CEK KESEHATAN SEBAGAI APLIKASI GERMAS
Authors: Anwar M. Choiroel , Jannah Marichatul
Published: December 2019

Salah satu Program Indonesia Sehat yang dicanangkan oleh pemerintah dalam meningkatkan kualitas hidup adalah program pemberdayaan masyarakat. Program pemberdayaan masyarakat yang dilakukan pada lansia melalui peningkatan aktifitas fisik yaitu melalui senam lansia kebugaran. Upaya ini dapat dicapai melalui aplikasi program gerakan masyarakat hidup sehat (GERMAS). GERMAS merupakan usaha sadar dari masyarakat untuk berperilaku sehat, mandiri dan produktif sehingga tercapai kesehatan dan kesejahteraan yang optimal. Poltekkes Kemenkes Semarang menyelenggarakan program pengabdian sebagai aplikasi GERMAS yang tidak hanya berfokus pada peningkatan aktifitas fisik saja, melainkan cek kesehatan sebagai skrining penyakit tidak menular bagi kelompok berisiko khususnya lansia, serta melakukan konseling dan pendidikan kesehatan dengan mengundang pakar kesehatan di bidangnya. Kegiatan berlangsung selama tiga bulan dengan sasaran 65 orang lansia di Kelompok Binaan Lansia Sehati Pudak Payung dan Pedalangan. Diharapkan program pengabdian ini dapat terus berlanjut secara swadaya oleh masyarakat, meskipun pengabdian ini telah selesai.
Digital Students: Myths and Reality
Authors: Petruneva R. M. , Vasilyeva V. D. , Petruneva J. V.
Published: December 2019

In connection with the transition of the Russian higher school to the Federal state educational standards FSES HE 3 ++, the process of designing new educational programs for training specialists is currently underway. Designers of educational programs require the knowledge of psychological characteristics of modern students, which actualize new pedagogical approaches and practices in the educational process. The article discusses psychological features characterizing the behavior of the new generation of students in the educational and cognitive spheres and special aspects of pedagogical work with them. This generation is referred to as the “digital generation” (generation Z). The article presents the results of the survey on the “digital behavior” of modern students. The students of Volgograd State Technical University from first year to fourth year (N=495) responded to the survey. The data obtained showed that modern students are active users of digital technologies both in the everyday sphere and in educational and professional fields, but they are not always superior to the older generation (generation X, Y). The widespread and active use of various gadgets and devices leads to a change in the mechanisms of cognitive processes and to the formation of new behavioral trends. It actualizes the need for innovative teaching methods adequate to the new reality.
Area Studies at the Modern University: Experience in Studying International Communication Strategies
Authors: Nesterova O. A. , Solodkova O. L.
Published: December 2019

In this paper, we show the importance of including the large corpus of scholarly, popular and media texts describing the experience of 20th-century Russian and Soviet Indologists in bachelor’s Asian studies programmes. We explain the significance of the practical work of Soviet Asian scholars on developing and implementing international communication strategies and practices and show that this work is topical and relevant for modern tertiary education. We emphasize the extensive experience accumulated by Russian Indologists in developing scenarios and models of interaction between Russia and Asian countries that take regional particularities into account. We examine the work of the Russian Indologist, scholar, journalist, publicist and professor Leonid Mitrokhin (1934-2002), winner of the Nehru Award (1985), who worked for over a decade in India and devoted his entire life to studying South and Central Asia. We analyse Leonid Mitrokhin’s key communicative practices, whose results are reflected in his monographs, popular books and articles. The results of our linguocultural study confirm the effectiveness of the implementation of friendly communication strategies in Indo-Soviet relations in the 1960s and 1970s. The case study of Leonid Mitrokhin’s work shows the broad range of professional competencies of Soviet Indologists, who had in-depth knowledge of the political and sociocultural makeup of South Asia, the systemic connections between individual social, economic and political groups and institutes, and the ethnopsychological, ethnocultural and religious particularities of interethnic communication. The knowledge and skills of Soviet Indologists allowed them to make accurate forecasts of the development of the political and economic situation in South Asia and neighbouring regions, promote communication, make expert assessments in key areas of interaction between the USSR and countries in the region, elaborate effective communication strategies, and shape a positive image of their country in the international arena. The study of the communication experience of Soviet Indologists shall help contemporary students to learn the methodology of area studies, develop their strategic thinking, expand their study and research interests, improve their knowledge of the region’s history and interregional relations, and learn the basics of foreign impact strategies and the practice of foreign propaganda in Asia.
Predicting casualty evacuation performance for the Canadian land forces command
Authors: Reilly Tara , Olinek Simone
Published: December 2019

Background: Recent observations and feedback from military operations demonstrated the need to reassess the validity of a fireman's carry (FC) as an assessment of casualty evacuation ability in the Canadian land forces command physical fitness standard. Objective: The objective of this research was to determine: (1) the most common methods of casualty evacuation employed by the Canadian land forces (LF), (2) performance of land forces personnel on casualty evacuation abilities, and (3) potential predictive fitness tests (PFT) for performance on a casualty evacuation task. Methods: Task analysis, interviews, observations, and subject matter experts were used to identify the common casualty evacuation methods. Simulations of these methods were developed and validated. LF members performed these evacuation methods and 7 PFT to their maximum ability (N=118). These data were analyzed using step-wise regression analysis, ANOVA and Pearson product moment correlations. Results: Casualty drag (CD) and vehicle extrication (VE) were found to be the most common methods of casualty evacuation. Males performed significantly better on VE and CD compared to females. CD predicted VE, and the addition of grip strength and static squat performance improved the prediction by 26% to account for 65% of the variability in VE. Of the LF members tested, 88% were able to drag an 82 kg casualty 25 m and 83% succeeded in extricating an 82 kg casualty from a light armored vehicle. Conclusions: It is recommended that the FC be replaced by a 25 m CD. It is not recommended that VE be tested, as it is expected that VE of an 82 kg casualty could be performed by two soldiers; all subjects capable of dragging an 82 kg casualty could also extricate 41 kg.
Ergonomic risks in fish processing workers in Atlantic Canada
Authors: Kuruganti Usha , Albert Wayne J.
Published: December 2019

Background: The aquaculture industry is growing in Canada and is particularly strong in Atlantic Canada. Workers in the fish processing industry are required to complete a variety of tasks in a typical day and there is concern for musculoskeletal disorder. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the daily operations of fish processing workers to determine any musculoskeletal concerns. Methods: The ergonomic assessment consisted of several plant visits to observe the processing line and the requirements of the workers. Video recordings were made of each stage of the assembly lines. The video data was analyzed to determine high-risk jobs and to identify areas of concern. Cumulative loading was assessed using posture matching software and the video data. A Job Strain Index (JSI), Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) and the revised NIOSH lifting equation were used to identify high-risk tasks. Results: The data showed that six tasks were considered high risk; sorting fish, removal of fish bones, trimming of fish, pallet loading/conveyor operation, fish processing and cleaning of the trim machine. In addition, four categories of occupational health and safety (OHS) hazard concerns were identified (physical, chemical, biological, and psychosocial). Each category was then broken into their causative agents and potential health effects on the worker. Conclusions: Several areas for improvement were identified at this seafood processing plant. Six jobs were identified as high risk and in need of intervention. Changes in pace of work, workstation height, and new equipment would also help reduce the number of musculoskeletal injuries. The issue of job rotation should also be examined to determine its impact on musculoskeletal health. Implementation of strategies to reduce musculoskeletal disorders will help to improve the health of these workers.
A quantitative approach to assess upper limb fatigue in the work field
Authors: Spyropoulos Elias , Chroni Elisabeth , Katsakiori Panagiota , Athanassiou George
Published: December 2019

Background: Fatigue is a timely topic that has been studied in a laboratory setting, yet still remains difficult to apply in an industrial setting. Objective: The aim of the present study was to define possible indicators of fatigue accumulation for an over shoulder level repetitive lifting work while performing lifting in two different ranges (LR1, LR2) in a supermarket. Methods: Video-based kinematics parameters were estimated and surface electromyography (EMG) of the anterior deltoid muscle was analyzed for nine healthy female subjects. A static biomechanical model to assess the effect of LRs on fatigue and a new fatigue index to allow for the estimation of substantial fatigue onset time (TSFO) were developed. Results: The data showed that fatigue accumulation strongly depends on the LRs. According to TSFO (time to substantial fatigue onset), shoulder muscle fatigue was unexpectedly lower when performing LR1 than LR2. Conclusions: The study shows a holistic analysis approach, suitable for the design of work/rest ratios in the occupational ergonomics field.
Platform simulated wave motions inhibit neuromuscular responses
Authors: Grover Varun , Johar Pramod , MacKinnon Scott N. , Behm David G.
Published: December 2019

Background: Seafaring workers must contend with motions that could impact their work performance and safety. Objective: To compare and analyze the neuromuscular responses to a stable immediate environment placed in a moving (simulated wave platform motions) extended environment. Methods: Isometric maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) forces of the elbow flexors and leg extensors as well as electromyography (EMG) of the biceps brachii and vastus lateralis were recorded. The EMG activity of the triceps brachii, semitendonosis, internal obliques, and lower lumbar erector spinae muscles were also monitored during the upper and lower limb MVCs. Three types of rotational motion (pitch, roll and mixed, all combined with a linear heave motion) created by a motion platform were randomly allocated for 1 minute each. While securely strapped and seated with the platform moving, two MVCs each were performed for the right elbow flexors and right knee extensors at the beginning and at the end of the one-minute wave motion protocol. Results: Platform motions impaired (p<0.0001) knee extension (pitch= −8%; roll=−13.4%; mixed=−13.5%) and elbow flexor MVC force (pitch=−21.1%; roll=−26.7%; mixed=−25.1%) compared to control conditions. Vastus lateralis EMG was reduced 13.3% with roll motions compared to control. Conclusions: Platform simulated wave motions can be detrimental to force production when the individual is strapped in a secure and stable seated position. Such impairments can impact the safety and work performance of employees on sea going vessels.
Impact of obesity on the postural balance of firefighters
Authors: Davis Kermit G. , Sobeih Tarek M. , Succop Paul , Jetter William , Kotowski Susan E. , Bhattacharya Amit
Published: December 2019

Slips and falls account for a significant number of injuries suffered by firefighters. Obesity may be a contributing factor to these slips and falls since many firefighters have become significantly heavier over the last decade. This study's objective was to determine whether obesity places firefighters at a higher risk of slips/falls by impacting postural balance. Thirteen firefighters – 6 obese and 7 overweight/normal, had their postural balance measured over a single shift (at 12-hour intervals). Each assessment contained three specific tasks: eyes open while standing, eyes closed standing on foam, and a dynamic reach task. The firefighters wore turnout gear with and without SCBA. Obese firefighters were found to have less postural sway, particularly when their postural control systems were compromised. When standing on foam, obese firefighters reduced their sway area by 26% as compared to overweight/normal firefighters. Similarly, obese firefighters had an 18% decrease in postural sway during the reach task. In all, the results indicate obese firefighters compensated posturally, reducing the potential for external demands resulting in a slip or fall. The key issue is that the obese firefighters sampled in the current study were able to compensate under ideal situations, particularly when required to wear gear and equipment.
Effects of human anthropometry and personal protective equipment on space requirements
Authors: Kozey John W. , Brooks Chris J. , Dewey Sherma L. , Brown Robert C. , Howard Kimberly A. , Drover Danika , MacKinnon Scott , McCabe John
Published: December 2019

Representative samples of offshore workers engaged in the use of totally enclosed lifeboats were recruited in two different regions of Atlantic Canada for this study. Body mass, height and three selected anthropometric dimensions were measured with and without the presence of an immersion suit. Statistical comparisons were made between the two groups and to the main criteria values for body weight and space allocation used international standards for lifeboat capacity rating. There was no difference in the height, body mass and BMI values between the two groups. Both groups were found to be considerably heavier than the IMO Life Saving Code standard of 75 kg. Not surprisingly, the shoulder breadths measurements were always greater than the hip breadth measurements. The seat pan allocation of 430 mm was found to be inadequate for this population and needs to be increased. Finally, the wearing of an immersion suit increases the physical size of each subject by substantial amounts. The magnitude of increase is related to the type of suit and whether there was external compression applied during the measurement. It was recommended that the international standard should be altered by reducing the lifeboat capacity ratings by 20%.
Shoulder loading while performing automotive parts assembly tasks: A field study
Authors: McClellan Annie J. , Albert Wayne J. , Fischer Steve L. , Seaman Fearon A. , Callaghan Jack P.
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this study was to complete in depth task analyses for a series of automobile parts assembly jobs and quantify the range of mechanical shoulder loading sustained by the workers. Nine jobs were selected from within an automobile parts assembly plant and 26 participants (12 males, 14 females) were filmed while they performed regular assembly line duties. Workers spent the majority of their time in neutral shoulder postures, and about 1/3 of the shift in mild shoulder flexion or abduction. Cumulative shoulder flexion moments ranged from 76–160 kNm*s while cumulative shoulder abduction moments ranged from 42–119 kNm*s. Peak shoulder flexion moments ranged from 26–124 Nm and peak shoulder abduction moments ranged from 30–93 Nm. The analysis revealed a wide range of shoulder loading between jobs, and workers completing the same job. This study demonstrates the importance of measuring a variety of postural and mechanical demands for every job to adequately address all aspects of the work that might influence the development of injury. This is the first study to document entire shift cumulative shoulder moments during automotive parts assembly work. This quantitative assessment provides insight into the range of loading that workers are currently experiencing, and demonstrates the variability between workers completing the same task.
Effect of sitting in ergonomic chairs on lower limb venous blood flow
Authors: Levin Erik , Macintosh Deborah , Baker Tanya , Weatherall Mark , Beasley Richard
Published: December 2019

The objective of the research was to assess the effect on lower limb venous blood flow of sitting in two ergonomic chairs. In a cross-over design 12 healthy subjects had popliteal vein blood flow measured by Doppler ultrasound in different sitting positions, in the Aeron and airCentric chairs. Measurements were made lying prone, sitting with the leg flexed 90° and sitting with the leg flexed 120° in one chair, followed by the same measurements in the second chair, the order determined randomly. The primary outcome measure was popliteal vein peak systolic velocity. Simple paired t-tests and a mixed linear model were used to compare blood flow between chairs and different sitting positions. For the Aeron chair, the prone to 90° position resulted in a reduction in peak systolic velocity from 27.8 to 3.5cm/s, adjusted difference 21.0 (95% CI 17.3 to 24.8), and for the airCentric chair from 21.4 to 3.7cm/s, adjusted difference 21.2 (95% CI 17.4 to 24.9). There was no statistically significant difference in peak systolic velocity between the two chairs, in the two sitting positions. There was a marked reduction in popliteal vein blood flow with sitting, but no significant difference in effect between the two ergonomic chairs.
Job rotation – Implications for old and impaired assembly line workers
Authors: Weichel Julia , Stanic Sanjin , Diaz José Alonso Enriquez , Frieling Ekkehart
Published: December 2019

The demographic change in Western societies leads to an increasing number of older employees in organizations. Furthermore, the percentage of employees with physical impairments increases with rising age. Job rotation is one intervention that aims at preventing unbalanced workload and increasing variation. However, systematic studies focusing on the effects of job rotation and on systematic job rotation schemes in practise are rare. The presented study analyzes job rotation in the automotive industry and its relationships to subjective and objective data with regard to an aging workforce and impaired employees. Our analysis showed that older and impaired employees rotated less. Employees who rotated between higher ranges of workstations assessed their job performance and health higher than employees with a smaller rotation-range. More job rotation was also correlated to less absenteeism. Additionally, impaired employees had lower performance and health scores, and higher absenteeism than employees without impairments. Practical implications and limitations of the study are discussed.
Effects of vibration push force, exposure duration and working posture on operators performing a grinding task
Authors: Muzammil M. , Singh Ranvir , Ahmad Saman , Hasan Faisal
Published: December 2019

It has been shown that vibration level, push force, exposure duration and working posture cause unfavorable effects on the work performance when hand held vibrating tools are used by operators. The present study analyzed the effects of these variables on the heart rate and systolic blood pressure of the operators carrying out a manual-grinding task. Four levels of vibration (12.5, 13.6, 14.8 and 18 m/s2), three levels of push force (5, 10, 15 N), three levels of working posture (180°, 150° and 120° elbow flexion) and three exposure durations of 3, 5 and 7 min were selected for the study. Thirty male subjects with no prior experience in the field of grinding participated in the study. Results indicated that in the kind of task undertaken, the main effect of equivalent level of vibration, exposure duration, push force and working posture were all statistically significant. Also an increase in the change in blood pressure and heart rate values were observed with the increase in exposure duration and push force. When the task was performed with flexion angle of 120°, change in heart rate and blood pressure values was minimum when compared with the other two working postures. Relevance to industry: Workers using various hand held tools are prone to injuries. Present research may help greatly in reducing task related injuries and enhance performance.
A comparison of task and muscle specific isometric submaximal electromyography data normalization techniques
Authors: Murphy Taylor Andrew , Oliver Michele Lea
Published: December 2019

The submaximal, constrained nature of joystick manipulation makes it difficult to select an appropriate technique for upper limb electromyography (EMG) normalization. The purpose of this study was to determine an appropriate submaximal isometric normalization method to quantify EMG from shoulder muscle activation in hydraulic-actuation joystick operators that could later be implemented in field settings. Surface EMG data were collected from the upper trapezius, posterior deltoid, and anterior deltoid of seventeen subjects while operating a hydraulic-actuation joystick. EMG data were normalized using two techniques: muscle specific (mRVC) and task specific (three joystick positions: start-tRVCStart, middle-tRVCMiddle and end-tRVCEnd). No significant differences (p ⩽ 0.05) were observed for intersubject coefficient of variation (CV) between normalization procedures (mRVC, tRVCStart, tRVCMiddle tRVCEnd, un-normalized). These equivocal findings do not favour the use of any one of the submaximal normalization procedures over another. However, though not statistically significant, the un-normalized (0.68 ± 0.15) CVs were lower than those of normalized ensembles (0.96 ± 0.24) suggesting that for constrained, submaximal tasks, it may not be necessary to normalize EMG. Although this analysis was applied to upper limb EMG during joystick manipulation, the results have potential application to other submaximal upper limb tasks which are constrained and repetitive in nature thus including many assembly line jobs.
Are older workers at greater risk of musculoskeletal disorders in the workplace than young workers? – A literature review
Authors: Okunribido Olanrewaju O. , Wynn Tony , Lewis David
Published: December 2019

The purpose of this review was to examine the evidence for age/ageing as a risk factor for musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) in the workplace. Studies about MSD among worker populations (published after 2001) were reviewed if they focused on MSD as an occupational problem, included older workers (aged 50 years and above) in the study population, compared outcomes between young (25 years old or less) and older workers, and/or examined the work-relatedness of musculoskeletal disorders (including symptoms and outcomes). Evidence suggested that older workers are more susceptible to MSDs than young workers. However, the propensity for injury of older workers in the workplace depends more on the difference between the demands of work and the worker's physical work capacity rather than their age. An older workforce has implications for the health and safety responsibilities of employers, such as providing additional support for workers' needs, and changing the workplace attitudes towards ageing.
Outdoor Temperature Estimation Using ANFIS for Soft Sensors
Authors: Pezeshki Zahra , Mazinani Sayyed Majid , Omidvar Elnaz
Published: December 2019

In recent years, several studies using smart methods and soft computing in the field of HVAC systems have been provided. In this paper, we propose a framework which will strengthen the benefits of the Fuzzy Logic (FL) and Neural Fuzzy (NF) systems to estimate outdoor temperature. In this regard, Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) is used in effective combination of strategic information for estimating the outdoor temperature of the building. A novel versatile calculation focused around ANFIS is proposed to adjust logical progressions and to weaken the questionable aggravation of estimation information from multisensory. Due to ANFIS accuracy in specialized predictions, it is an effective device to manage vulnerabilities of each experiential framework. The NF system can concentrate on measurable properties of the samples throughout the preparation sessions. Reproduction results demonstrate that the calculation can successfully alter the framework to adjust context oriented progressions and has solid combination capacity in opposing questionable data. This sagacious estimator is actualized utilizing Matlab and the exhibitions are explored. The aim of this study is to improve the overall performance of HVAC systems in terms of energy efficiency and thermal comfort in the building.
An Experimental Analysis of the Applications of Datamining Methods on Bigdata
Authors: Kumar Chittoju Naga Santhosh , Reddy K S
Published: December 2019

Data mining is a procedure of separating covered up, obscure, however possibly valuable data from gigantic data. Huge Data impactsly affects logical disclosures and worth creation. Data mining (DM) with Big Data has been broadly utilized in the lifecycle of electronic items that range from the structure and generation stages to the administration organize. A far reaching examination of DM with Big Data and a survey of its application in the phases of its lifecycle won't just profit scientists to create solid research. As of late huge data have turned into a trendy expression, which constrained the analysts to extend the current data mining methods to adapt to the advanced idea of data and to grow new scientific procedures. In this paper, we build up an exact assessment technique dependent on the standard of Design of Experiment. We apply this technique to assess data mining instruments and AI calculations towards structure huge data examination for media transmission checking data. Two contextual investigations are directed to give bits of knowledge of relations between the necessities of data examination and the decision of an instrument or calculation with regards to data investigation work processes.

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ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN UNIT SIMPAN PINJAM PADA KOPERASI SERBA USAHA UPKD ARAU BINTANG JAYA KECAMATAN SUKARAJA KABUPATEN SELUMA
Authors: Misparleni Misparleni , Susanti Neri , Noviantoro Rinto
Published: December 2019

The objective of this research is to determine the financial performance of the savings and loan unit at Koperasi Serba Usaha UPKD Arau Bintang Jaya in Sukaraja Sub-District OF Seluma Regency The analytical method use was can analysis of financial performance from financial statements, namely the balance sheet and PHU( Calculation of Business Result). balance sheet and PHU (Calculation of Business Results). Using savings and loans assessment analysis based on the Deputy for Supervision of the cooperatives and small medium enterprises of the Republic of Indonesia Number 06 / Per / Dep.6 / IV / 2016 in 2015-2017. The average score of the financial performance evaluation of Koperasi Serba Usaha UPKD Arau Bintang Jaya in 2015 was 68.10 with a fairly healthy assesment. Koperasi Serba Usaha UPKD Arau Bintang Jaya  in 2016 was 66.35 with a fairly healthy rating. The average score of Koperasi Serba Usaha UPKD Arau Bintang Jaya in 2017 was 66.60 with a fairly healthy assessment.
Biogas Synthesis as Means of Solid Waste Management in Kampala, Uganda
Authors: I. Z. Mukasa-Tebandeke , I. Karume , J. Mutesasira , H. Z. Wasajja , R. Nankinga
Published: December 2019

Cattle dung, cooked food waste, and chicken droppings mixed with coffee husks have been used separately and also as mixtures to form anaerobic digestion slurries in a bid to treat to degrade the organic fractions of these wastes and recycle the bio-fertilizer after recovering biogas. Single and mixed substrate slurries evolved significant quantities of methane within 27days together with reduced mass of soil conditioner. The volume of biogas formed in cogeneration mixtures were higher than for single substrate digestion due to the C/N ratio shifting to near 30:1 as a result of mixing. So degradation of organic pollutants was higher in mixed substrate digestion mixtures. Our study yielded average volumes ranging from 315 to 435+ 5.65.mL/L which was in agreement with what is in literature. Digestion of cattle dung, cooked waste foods, and droppings of chicken and mixed substrate slurries using sludge inoculums was very effective in degrading solid waste from homes, thus detoxifying it to bio-fertilizers. Although both single and mixed substrate digestion of waste yielded high enough volumes of biogas; digestion of slurry of mixed organic solid waste substrates is better method of waste management. Digestion of garbage from Kampala should be tested at macro levels at both ambient and mesophilic temperatures. There is need to try out the garbage digestion experiments in the semi-arid towns as well as very cold towns in Uganda.
Caso 4/19: “Uma lição de esperança”
Authors: Fabrin Miguel Angelo , Spengler Luís Felipe Mondardo , Medeiros Jean Felipe Muniz , Lazzaris Matheus Cercal , Ferreira David Cavalcanti
Published: December 2019

Caso relatado na Reunião de Discussão de Casos Clínicos do Hospital Universitário Prof. Polydoro Ernani de São Thiago, iniciada pelos Profs. Jorge Dias de Matos, Marisa Helena César Coral e Rosemeri Maurici da Silva, em julho de 2017. No dia 12 de setembro de 2019, no bloco do curso de medicina, realizou-se a apresentação e discussão do caso cujo registro é apresentado a seguir: um paciente masculino de 36 anos desenvolve grave e insidiosa doença, que se caracteriza por emagrecimento, fadiga e esplenomegalia volumosa. Qual é o diagnóstico? Quais são as perspectivas de tratamento? E como paciente e médico viveram essa relação com a doença? Este relato de caso, baseado em entrevistas pessoais, é escrito na perspectiva principal do paciente, com inserções explicativas de caráter técnico, formuladas pelos autores. Pretende trazer um novo estilo para a apresentação de casos clínicos, tendo como público alvo os alunos iniciantes na graduação e o público leigo.
Infecções por micobactérias não tuberculosas no Hospital Nereu Ramos, centro de referência em Santa Catarina
Authors: Fernandes Camilo , Zárate-Bladés Carlos Rodrigo
Published: December 2019

Esta série especial de ensaios apresenta textos produzidos pelos alunos do Programa de Pós-Graduacão em Ciências Médicas na disciplina “Seminários de Pesquisa”. Solicitou-se aos alunos que apresentassem, em primeira pessoa, sua motivação e trajetória que os conduziram ao trabalho na pós-graduação, bem como a pergunta e a metodologia de seus projetos de pesquisa, com o principal objetivo de inspirar os estudantes de graduação à carreira de pesquisadores. Neste ensaio, o mestrando apresenta seu interesse pelas infecções causadas por micobatérias não-tuberculosas em sua especialidade médica e como pretende pesquisar sobre suas características em nossa população.
Conjunction, Relativization, and Complementation in Persian
Authors: Tabaian Hessam
Published: December 2019

This study is concerned with the description of compound sentences, selective clauses, and complement clauses in Standard Persian within a generative-transformational grammar.
Pragmatics in the Semantic Description of the Verbs of 'Giving'
Authors: Takahara Kumiko
Published: December 2019

The meaning of certain utterances is not entirely given by the interpretations of the syntactic and semantic features which are extracted from related linguistic structures. Rather, it is derived from the contexts of discourse in which these utterances are put to use. The verbs of 'giving' in Japanese represent exactly such a phenomena. I will discuss some of the intricate semantic characteristics of these verbs to show that their full description requires a set of pragmatic rules which can define the whole range of relevant contexts for the verbs of 'giving' and account for their meaning in these contexts. It will also be demonstrated that these rules of use will properly constitute part of the semantic description in as much as they can capture some linguistic insight which might be missed without consideration of the pragmatic elements in the context of discourse.
Las Universidades 3.0
Authors: Bazán Zurita Homero
Published: December 2019

Un análisis de Francisco Ísmodes1 destaca que las universidades deben ya alcanzar unnivel 3.0 y que superen a las universidades enciclopedistas y memorísticas que solobuscaban ofrecer conocimientos, muchas veces en forma limitada. Así, la universidad1.0 era de enseñanza y trasmisión de conocimiento; la 2.0 era también de enseñanza,pero ya con interés en la investigación, trasmitiendo y produciendo conocimiento, y la 3.0es de enseñanza, investigación y transferencia de tecnología, es decir, genera desarrollo.Su propuesta es que los creadores, líderes, inventores, investigadores, innovadores yemprendedores de los nuevos tiempos son los que debe formar una universidad delsiglo XXI, de modo tal que contribuyan a la productividad, al crecimiento económico,que genere recursos para el desarrollo humano y de ciudadanos con un buen nivel debienestar humano.
Estudio para determinar el estilo de liderazgo en una empresa agroindustrial hortofrutícola, Trujillo, Perú
Authors: Zamudio Solís Valentina , Challapa García Patricia , Martínez Quezada Alberto , Rodriguez Alvarez Hugo
Published: December 2019

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo identificar el estilo de liderazgo que prepondera en laempresa Danper Trujillo, Perú. Esta empresa es reconocida como líder a nivel mundial, por elbuen sabor y calidad de sus productos. Además, consideran el desarrollo de sus trabajadorasy trabajadores como única fuente de sostenibilidad y productividad. Para conocer el reconocimientoadquirido con respecto al liderazgo de esta organización de prestigio mundial, se planificóuna entrevista al Gerente Central de Administración y Gestión de Capital Humano, y se aplicóun instrumento de medición de liderazgo, basándose en las nueve dimensiones del modelo deliderazgo de rango total, propuesto por Bernard Bass y Bruce J. Avolio, el cual se compone delliderazgo transformacional, transaccional y laissez faire. Esta investigación da como resultado,mediante el análisis cuantitativo y cualitativo, que el liderazgo transformacional es el que predominaen la empresa por sobre los otros.Palabras claves: Liderazgo transformacional; liderazgo transaccional; liderazgo laissez-faire;efectos del liderazgo; agroindustria
Estilos parentales y dependencia emocional en estudiantes universitarios del I ciclo de la Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca
Authors: Delgado Céspedes Víctor H. , Cieza Rodriguez Marisa R.
Published: December 2019

La investigación tiene como objetivo determinar si existe relación entre los estilos parentales conla dependencia emocional en estudiantes universitarios de la Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca.La investigación utiliza los instrumentos de; Escala de Estilos de Socialización Parental en laAdolescencia ESPA 29 (2001) y el cuestionario de Dependencia Emocional de Lemos & Londoño(2006), los cuales fueron aplicados a un grupo de estudio de 264 estudiantes universitarios, 154mujeres y 110 varones, matriculados en el I ciclo de la Universidad Nacional de Cajamarca (2017),cuyas edades oscilan entre los 16 y 18 años. Los resultados muestran que, según el EstadísticoChi- cuadrado de Pearson toma un valor de 12,965, el cual, en la distribución Cui-cuadrado con6 grados de libertad (gl), tienen asociada una probabilidad (significación asintótica bilateral) de0.044. Puesto que esta probabilidad (denominada nivel crítico o nivel de significación observado)es menor que 0.05 se concluye que existe una relación significativa entre Estilos Parentales(Madre) con la Dependencia Emocional de los estudiantes del I ciclo de la Universidad Nacionalde Cajamarca, así mismo predomina el estilo autorizativo en ambos padres, y los estudiantespresentan un nivel bajo de dependencia emocional.Palabras clave: Estilos parentales, dependencia emocional, adolescentes