bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Embitterment as a Specific Mental Health Reaction during the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Muschalla Beate , Vollborn Clio , Sondhof Anke
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Embitterment can occur as a reaction to perceived injustice. During the pandemic and restrictions in daily living due to infection risk management, a range of many smaller or severe injustices have occurred. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate what characterizes persons with high embitterment, mental illness, embitterment and mental illness, and those without embitterment or mental health problems. Methods: We conducted an online survey including persons from the general population in November 2020 and December 2020, the phase during which a second lockdown took place, with closed shops, restaurants, cultural and activity sites. 3,208 participants (mean age 47 years) gave self-ratings on their present well-being, burdens experienced during the pandemic, embitterment, wisdom, and resilience. Results: Embitterment occurred among 16% of the sample, which is a high rate in comparison with 4% during pre-pandemic times. Embitterment was weakly correlated with unspecific mental well-being. There were more persons with embitterment than those with embitterment and a mental health problem. Persons with embitterment reported less coronavirus-related anxiety than persons without embitterment. However, embittered persons reported more social and economic burdens and more frequent experiences of losses (job loss and canceling of medical treatments). Embittered persons perceive their own wisdom competencies on a similar level as persons with mental health problems or persons without mental health problems. Conclusion: Embitterment is a specific potentially alone-standing affective state, which is distinguishable from general mental health and coping capacities (here: wisdom). The economic and social consequences of pandemic management should be carefully recognized and prevented by policy.
Bariatric Surgery Outcomes in Patients with Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of the Adult
Authors: Guimarães Marta , Pereira Sofia S. , Nora Mário , Monteiro Mariana P.
Published: July 2021

Bariatric surgery is a very effective treatment for obesity-associated type 2 diabetes. However, the benefits of bariatric surgery in patients with obesity and autoimmune diabetes, such as type 1 diabetes and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA), are controversial. We report 3 female patients with obesity and LADA who underwent laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass >10 years ago. The patients were diagnosed with LADA both 1 and 9 years before (n = 2) or 11 years after the surgery (n = 1). Patients preoperative body mass index ranged from 36 to 47 kg/m2 and improved to 23–37 kg/m2 in the last follow-up visit, 10–15 years after surgery. Daily insulin dose also decreased from an average of 0.68 to 0.45 IU/kg in those patients treated with insulin before bariatric surgery. Only one patient developed diabetes-related target organ damage. This study shows that patients with LADA depict remarkable reduction of body weight and insulin requirements over long-term after bariatric surgery. So, LADA should not be considered a contraindication for bariatric surgery yet should only be recommended for patients with concomitant obesity with the primary aim of achieving sustained weight loss.
Relationship between Chronic Kidney Disease, Time-in-Therapeutic Range, and Adverse Outcomes in Atrial Fibrillation: A post hoc Analysis from the AMADEUS Trial
Authors: Ding Wern Yew , Lip Gregory Y.H. , Shantsila Alena
Published: July 2021

Background: The benefit of anticoagulation therapy in atrial fibrillation (AF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains controversial. We aimed to evaluate the impact of renal function on the quality of anticoagulation control, and the effects of both these factors on outcomes in AF. Methods: Post hoc analysis of the AMADEUS trial. Trial-related outcomes were adjudicated and we studied the composite of first stroke/major bleeding/all-cause mortality, ischaemic stroke, major bleeding, all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular mortality. Results: We included 2,282 vitamin K antagonist (VKA)-treated patients {n = 787 (34.5%) females; median age 72 (interquartile ranges [IQR] 64–77) years}. Median follow-up was 365 (IQR 189–460) days. There were 1,922 (84.2%) non-CKD and 360 (15.8%) CKD patients. Renal function was inversely correlated with time-in-therapeutic range (r = −0.047, p = 0.025). There was no statistical difference in terms of crude study outcomes based on renal function. Multivariable regression analysis demonstrated that moderate renal failure with estimated glomerular filtration rate of less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (p = 0.032) and percentage of time-in-therapeutic range (p = 0.011) were independent predictors for the composite outcome of stroke, major bleeding, and all-cause mortality. Conclusion: Deteriorated renal function has a small negative impact on the quality of anticoagulation control with VKA which is linked to poor outcomes in AF. However, moderate renal failure itself was an independent risk factor for increased risk of stroke, major bleeding, and all-cause mortality amongst patients with AF.
IgE and IgG4 Repertoire in Asymptomatic HDM-Sensitized and HDM-Induced Allergic Rhinitis Patients
Authors: Xu Qingxiu , Jiang Qing , Yang Lin , Li Wenjing , Huang Nan , Yang Yaqi , Ma Dongxia , Zhang Shuchen , Wang Yin , Zhu Rongfei
Published: July 2021

Introduction: Asymptomatic sensitization is defined as the presence of positive skin prick test (SPT) and/or positive serum allergen-specific IgE in the absence of clinical allergic symptoms. Currently, there is no convincing explanation why some people with positive allergen tests do not show symptoms. We aimed to investigate the house dust mite (HDM)-specific IgE and IgG4 repertoire in asymptomatic HDM-sensitized subjects and HDM-induced allergic rhinitis (AR) patients. Methods: A total of 48 subjects sensitized to HDM were included in this study: 27 had AR with/without asthma (symptomatic group), and 21 had no allergic symptoms (asymptomatic group). Six healthy individuals served as control group. Peripheral blood samples were collected for serum IgE and IgG4 assay and basophil activation tests (BATs). IgE and IgG4 assay included antibodies to Dermatophagoides (Der) p1, 2, 7, 10, 21, 23, and Der f1, 2. Results: AR patients had a larger wheal diameter of SPT (7.0 vs. 3.0 mm, p < 0.0001) and a higher specific IgE to Der p (15.50 vs. 0.70 KU/L, p < 0.0001) than asymptomatic subjects. They also showed more frequent sensitization to Der p1 and Der p2 (both p < 0.05). However, the total IgE and specific IgG4 did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. The basophil activation response after being stimulated with HDM was observed to be higher in AR patients (all p < 0.05). Conclusions: There are differences in SPT, serum-specific IgE to Der p, component allergen Der p1 and Der p2 level and BAT between AR patients and asymptomatic subjects sensitized to HDM. IgG4 alone cannot differentiate asymptomatic individuals from AR patients.
E-government in Jordan and Studying the Extent of the E-government Development Index According to the United Nations Report
Authors: Alqudah Mohammad Ali , Muradkhanli Leyla
Published: July 2021

This research paper presented the experiences of a group of countries as pioneering models in the field of e-government and compared them to Jordan with the aim of evaluating their status at the global and continental levels. Methods for measuring and evaluating the development of E-government suggested using a method called multi-practice are a practice of multi methodology, which combines methods and techniques, and proposes to evaluate the tangible and intangible benefits of e-government, which shows that the multiplicity of aspects of measurement may lead to a kind of reliability in e-government also Methods for measuring and evaluating e-government performance proposed by international organizations. By United Nations E-Government Survey The comparison and evaluation were done using the e-government maturity index issued by the United Nations EGDI, which includes the Telecommunication Infrastructure Index (TII) and The human capital Index (HCI), and the Online Service Index (OSI) e-government service sub-indicator, in the period between 2008 and 2020, and this comparison comes in order to benefit from these experiences, redress weaknesses, and exploit the opportunities available to Jordan to develop its e-government, keep pace with the global movement and raise its efficiency in a way that serves the goals of sustainable development The results were that Jordan, according to by United Nations E-Government Survey Jordanian e-government is still in the first generation It has many improvements performance on the e-government index the change in the EGDI. Some comparisons of Jordan with Arab countries have been presented in the EGDI in 2020 for the United Nations report
Resiliencia en mujeres universitarias en Norte de Santander, Colombia
Authors: Vergel Ortega Mawency , Gómez Vergel Carlos Sebastián , Gallardo Pérez Henry De Jesús
Published: July 2021

(analítico)La investigación tuvo por objeto analizar la resiliencia de estudiantes de posgrados de género femenino, en universidades públicas del Norte de Santander. La investigación tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo de tipo correlacional, método analítico descriptivo, encuesta y test de resilience scale, el cual fue aplicado a 150 estudiantes con edades entre los 27 y 45 años. Como resultado se establece que la resiliencia se asocia con fortaleza de carácter. Las características de las mujeres con alto nivel de resiliencia fueron centradas en el saber vivir con categoría primaria calidad de vida, en el saber conocimiento, en saber hacer y adquirir mayor destreza en conocimientos y automotivarse para saber estar. Se concluye que la escala de resiliencia ajustada con los factores planificación y empatía presenta evidencias de validez con relación a su estructura interna y fiabilidad de 0.87.
Palabras clave: Mujer, universidad pública, calidad de vida, motivación.
Direitos humanos e o acesso à educação em bioética para a graduação e a pós-graduação em educação física
Authors: Waltrick Luciana Teixeira , Marinho Alcyane
Published: July 2021

Este ensaio teórico tem como objetivos: 1) demonstrar a importância do ensino em Bioética para os profissionais da área da Educação Física; (2) defender o ensino da Bioética nos cursos de graduação e de pós-graduação em Educação Física; e (3) apresentar a Bioética de enfoque latino-americano como proposta para analisar os Direitos Humanos no Brasil no contexto da Educação Física. Para tanto, entendemos o ensaio teórico como uma apresentação de natureza reflexiva e interpretativa, de julgamento pessoal dos próprios pesquisadores, embasados em literatura científica existente sobre o tema abordado. A Bioética associada às Ciências do Movimento Humano, ao esporte de alto rendimento, à atividade física e à saúde traz à tona questões complexas como: imagem corporal, anorexia, vulnerabilidade do atleta profissional e conflitos bioéticos envolvidos no relacionamento entre o atleta profissional e o profissional da saúde que o atende, a iniciação esportiva precoce, além da importância do profissional da Educação Física, como agente educador, inserido em políticas públicas para uma sociedade que se apresenta sedentária e estigmatizada. Diante das aproximações dos conflitos bioéticos que os avanços tecnológicos promovem nas profissões da área da saúde, há a necessidade de se discutir sobre a importância do ensino da Bioética na formação acadêmica dos profissionais da área da saúde e, assim, prepará-los para refletir sobre os possíveis conflitos éticos que encontrarão durante a atuação profissional. Estes que, por sua vez, possuem uma profunda e complexa relação com os direitos humanos.
O game levado a sério: o sujeito lúdico em Arlindo Machado
Authors: Schwartz Gilson
Published: July 2021

A obra de Arlindo Machado questiona de modo pioneiro o automatismo da sociedade do espetáculo e suas ideias abrem-se para o diálogo com as novas formas de produção e consumo da imagem, assim como para o modo de ser do olhar. Apesar de não figurar entre os autores mais citados no campo dos jogos eletrônicos ou game studies, a trajetória de Machado revela-se certeira e pioneira na identificação dos limites e potenciais dos automatismos audiovisuais. Assim como os casos do cinema, do documentário e do vídeo, o game é levado a sério nessa obra crítica propícia às reinvenções criativas que redefinem os horizontes do olhar para a sociedade do espetáculo audiovisual.
Pensamento crítico em ação
Authors: Santaella Lucia
Published: July 2021

Longe da veleidade de uma impossível exaustividade, a questão que este artigo visa colocar em pauta é o papel desempenhado por algumas das obras de Arlindo Machado no campo da comunicação. O objetivo, em primeiro lugar, é discutir o pioneirismo das ideias do autor, fundamentadas em uma capacidade ímpar de pesquisa de fontes referenciais e de avaliação de obras empíricas de criadores, o que o notabilizou, inclusive em plano internacional, como um dos maiores estudiosos e críticos da imagem e do audiovisual. Além disso, o artigo se encaminha para colocar em pauta a veia teórica agudamente crítica de Machado, uma veia que não tem sido apontada com a necessária frequência.
A abertura política através dos filmes de Os Trapalhões na década de 1980
Authors: Magno Maria Ignes Carlos , Eduardo André Gustavo de Paula , Abramovictz Felipe
Published: July 2021

Discute-se neste artigo a presença de elementos de ordem política e social dento de parte da filmografia da trupe de humoristas Os Trapalhões, especialmente em obras realizadas na década de 1980 que carregam em alusões e até motivos críticos – ainda que permeados por ambiguidades – sobre o processo em curso da Abertura Política, no qual o Brasil deixava o período militar rumo à redemocratização. Para tanto, recorreremos a três estudos de caso bastante particulares em meio aos filmes estrelados pelo grupo: Os Saltimbancos Trapalhões (1981), Os Trapalhões na Serra Pelada (1982), ambos dirigidos por J.B. Tanko, e Os Trapalhões e o Mágico de Oróz (Dedé Santana e Victor Lustosa, 1984).
Solano Trindade e a poética da resistência: na ausência, a existência
Authors: Rebechi Junior Arlindo
Published: July 2021

This article aims to point out some lines of force in the poetry of Solano Trindade (1908-1974), one of the most important figures in Afro-Brazilian poetry. Trindade’s artistic production was concentrated between the 1930’s and 1960’s, period within which the author established himself as a militant in favor of black populations and popular art movements, participating in the Teatro Experimental do Negro (TEN) and founding the Teatro Popular Brasileiro (TPB). His poetry was also circumscribed within these two limits of action, managing to fill a gap by recovering the past of Black men and women in Brazil as an act of resistance, affirming the existence of what was socially silenced.
Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease: Contemporary Epidemiology, Management Gaps, and Future Directions: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Authors: Criqui Michael H. , Matsushita Kunihiro , Aboyans Victor , Hess Connie N. , Hicks Caitlin W. , Kwan Tak W. , McDermott Mary M. , Misra Sanjay , Ujueta Francisco ,   on behalf of the American Heart Association Council on Epidemiology and Prevention; Council on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology; Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention; Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health; Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease; and Stroke Council
Published: July 2021

Lower extremity peripheral artery disease (PAD) affects >230 million adults worldwide and is associated with increased risk of various adverse clinical outcomes (other cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease and stroke and leg outcomes such as amputation). Despite its prevalence and clinical importance, PAD has been historically underappreciated by health care professionals and patients. This underappreciation seems multifactorial (eg, limited availability of the first-line diagnostic test, the ankle-brachial index, in clinics; incorrect perceptions that a leg vascular disease is not fatal and that the diagnosis of PAD would not necessarily change clinical practice). In the past several years, a body of evidence has indicated that these perceptions are incorrect. Several studies have consistently demonstrated that many patients with PAD are not receiving evidence-based therapies. Thus, this scientific statement provides an update for health care professionals regarding contemporary epidemiology (eg, prevalence, temporal trends, risk factors, and complications) of PAD, the present status of diagnosis (physiological tests and imaging modalities), and the major gaps in the management of PAD (eg, medications, exercise therapy, and revascularization). The statement also lists key gaps in research, clinical practice, and implementation related to PAD. Orchestrated efforts among different parties (eg, health care providers, researchers, expert organizations, and health care organizations) will be needed to increase the awareness and understanding of PAD and improve the diagnostic approaches, management, and prognosis of PAD.
Fifteen‐Year Trends in Incidence of Cardiogenic Shock Hospitalization and In‐Hospital Mortality in the United States
Authors: Osman Mohammed , Syed Moinuddin , Patibandla Saikrishna , Sulaiman Samian , Kheiri Babikir , Shah Mahek K. , Bianco Christopher , Balla Sudarshan , Patel Brijesh
Published: July 2021

Background

There is a lack of contemporary data on cardiogenic shock (CS) in‐hospital mortality trends.

Methods and Results

Patients with CS admitted January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2018, were identified from the US National Inpatient Sample. We reported the crude and adjusted trends of in‐hospital mortality among the overall population and selected subgroups. Among a total of 563 949 644 hospitalizations during the period from January 1, 2004, to December 30, 2018, 1 254 358 (0.2%) were attributed to CS. There has been a steady increase in hospitalizations attributed to CS from 122 per 100 000 hospitalizations in 2004 to 408 per 100 000 hospitalizations in 2018 (
P
trend
<0.001). This was associated with a steady decline in the adjusted trends of in‐hospital mortality during the study period in the overall population (from 49% in 2004 to 37% in 2018;
P
trend
<0.001), among patients with acute myocardial infarction CS (from 43% in 2004 to 34% in 2018;
P
trend
<0.001), and among patients with non–acute myocardial infarction CS (from 52% in 2004 to 37% in 2018;
P
trend
<0.001). Consistent trends of reduced mortality were seen among women, men, different racial/ethnic groups, different US regions, and different hospital sizes, regardless of the hospital teaching status.

Conclusions

Hospitalizations attributed to CS have tripled in the period from January 2004 to December 2018. However, there has been a slow decline in CS in‐hospital mortality during the studied period. Further studies are necessary to determine if the recent adoption of treatment algorithms in treating patients with CS will further impact in‐hospital mortality.
Republic of Fakes: Art in the Service of Truth in Postwar France
Authors: Rönnbäck Fredrik
Published: July 2021

In 1955, Paris Police Commissioner Guy Isnard curated the exhibition Le Faux dans l'art et dans l'histoire at the Grand Palais in Paris. Featuring a wide variety of forgeries, most notably counterfeit sculptures and paintings, the exhibition was an occasion to showcase the anti-counterfeiting efforts of the National Police. But in the broader context of the politically and economically weakened Fourth Republic, more was at stake. In the immediate postwar period, French society was steeped in uncertainty and a growing fear of inauthenticity, fueled by rumors of currency manipulation by foreign powers, the perceived corruption of the French language by an increasingly influential English, and anti-Americanism in intellectual and political circles. In this environment, the organizers of the exhibition called upon culture, and art in particular, to reaffirm a strict distinction between truth and falsity while also establishing France as the uncontested guardian of truth. This essay shows that Le Faux dans l'art et dans l'histoire constituted a crucial threshold moment in twentieth-century French history, both as an attempt to preserve a rapidly fading vision of truth and originality and as a prefiguration of aesthetic and philosophical debates to come.
Speaking of Lotty Rosenfeld: “Gestures Dangerous, Simple, and Popular”
Authors: Brizuela Natalia , Bryan-Wilson Julia
Published: July 2021

This dialogue centers on the artwork and legacy of Chilean artist Lotty Rosenfeld, including such solo projects as One Mile of Crosses on the Pavement and her collaborations with CADA (Colectivo Acciones de Arte). It argues for a queer feminist reading of Rosenfeld as it considers her anti-dictatorship spatial practices, her intimacies with the writer Diamela Eltit, and her political and aesthetic commitments.
The anatomical, palynological and micromorphological aspects of three endemic Bellevalia species (Asparagaceae) in Turkey and their taxonomic importance
Authors: TUGAY OSMAN , DURAL HÜSEYİN , ÇITAK BURCU YILMAZ , ERTUĞRUL KUDDİSİ , ARMAĞAN METİN , KARAGÖZ SERCAN , KARAHİSAR ESENGÜL , ULUKUŞ DENİZ
Published: July 2021

In the present research, anatomical, palynological and micromorphological characteristics of three endemic Bellevalia species (B. gracilis, B. malatyaensis and B. vuralii) for Turkey are carried out. This work reveals the descriptive characteristics of the examined species, and contribute to solving taxonomic problems. Anatomical studies were carried out on cross sections of root, scape and leaf. The metaxylem, the number of root cortex cells, and the number of cortex and sclerenchyma cells in the scape were found to be significant in terms of taxonomy. Pollen grains of all the examined species were monosulcate and heteropolar. In addition, seed and pollen surface ornamentation were photographed under SEM microscopy, which SEM micrographs showed that the exine sculpturing pattern is reticulate-perforate, and pollen muri walls of were different among the examined species. Conversely, seeds showed a general similarity of the surface among the studied species, all showing a reticulate faveolate ornamentation.
A change in the taxonomic rank of Senna andhrica P. V. Ramana, J. Swamy & M. Ahmed. (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae)
Authors: JIANG KAI-WEN
Published: July 2021

Senna andhrica P. V. Ramana, J. Swamy & M. Ahmed. is better treated as a variety of S. occidentalis (L.) Link, as S. occidentalis var. andhrica (P. V. Ramana, J. Swamy & M. Ahmedullah) K. W. Jiang, based on its diagnostic morphological characters of unifoliolate leaves and 2–3 carpellate gynoecium. Attention is drawn to an error in the original figure published with the description of Senna andhirica, the seeds specified by the authors are actually belong to a taxon of Crotalaria.
Two new species of Iridoteuthis (Cephalopoda: Sepiolidae: Heteroteuthinae) from the southwest Pacific, with a redescription of Stoloteuthis maoria (Dell, 1959)
Authors: REID AMANDA L.
Published: July 2021

Examination of the Stoloteuthis maoria (Dell, 1959) type specimens held in the Museum of New Zealand, Te Papa Tongarewa revealed that the two female paratypes were not conspecific with the S. maoria holotype male and belong to the genus Iridoteuthis Naef, 1912. Based on this finding, Stoloteuthis maoria is redescribed here to properly define the male and female characters. Its occurrence in Australian waters is formally recognised for the first time; the species was known previously only from New Zealand. The Iridoteuthis taxon was found to be new and is described as I. merlini, n. sp. Like S. maoria, this new species occurs in New Zealand and southern Australia. A second new Iridoteuthis from New Zealand was also discovered among the Te Papa collection and is described here as I. lophia, n. sp. The sucker pedicels in males of this latter species are highly and uniquely modified.
Initial Study of Thin-Film Derived Gold Nanoparticles (Au NPs) Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Based Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Detection
Authors: Dhanunjaya M. , Sonklin T. , Leuasoongnoen Pimchanok , Suksaweang Sanong , Janphuang Pattanaphong , Pojprapai Soodkhet
Published: July 2021

The gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) based detection of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) biomarker was carried out in this work. Au NPs on Si and quartz substrates were synthesized by DC magnetron sputtering method followed by conventional annealing
protocol. The functionalization of antibody and PSA with Au NPs was evaluated using a simple drop-cost method. The SPR peak intensity was found to be proportional to the PSA concentration. The redshift in SPR peak position might be owing to the change in refractive index around the Au NPs
with the conjugation of antibody and further additional binding of specific PSA at different concentrations.
Circular Shape Coplanar Waveguide Antenna Sensors for Cancer Detection Application
Authors: Rao Praveen Kumar , Kumar Patel Alok , Mishra Rajan
Published: July 2021

A compact microwave breast imaging (MBI) Omni-directional antenna applications has been proposed. As a primary health observation, the built antenna is inexpensive and has no health risk. Two antenna designs have been used together with the viable signal processing technology to identify
the tumor available in breast phantom. At the 3.3 GHz frequency band, the electric length of the antenna is 0.22 λ × 0.176 λ × 0.0088 λ antenna has been offering the bandwidth is 40.6%.
The relation of wind-driven coastal and offshore upwelling in the Benguela Upwelling System
Authors: Bordbar Mohammad Hadi , Mohrholz Volker , Schmidt Martin
Published: July 2021

Spatial and temporal variations of nutrient-rich upwelled water across the major eastern boundary upwelling systems are primarily controlled by the surface wind with different, and sometimes contrasting, impacts on coastal upwelling systems driven by alongshore wind and offshore upwelling systems driven by the local wind-stress-curl. Here, concurrently measured wind-fields, satellite-derived Chlorophyll-a concentration along with a state-of-the-art ocean model simulation spanning 2008-2018 are used to investigate the connection between coastal and offshore physical drivers of the Benguela Upwelling System (BUS). Our results indicate that the spatial structure of long-term mean upwelling derived from Ekman theory and the numerical model are fairly consistent across the entire BUS and closely followed by the Chlorophyll-a pattern. The variability of the upwelling from the Ekman theory is proportionally diminished with offshore distance, whereas different and sometimes opposite structures are revealed in the model-derived upwelling. Our result suggests the presence of sub-mesoscale activity (i.e., filaments and eddies) across the entire BUS with a large modulating effect on the wind-stress-curl-driven upwelling off Lüderitz and Walvis Bay. In Kunene and Cape Frio upwelling cells, located in the northern sector of the BUS, the coastal upwelling and open-ocean upwelling frequently alternate each other, whereas they are modulated by the annual cycle and mostly in phase off Walvis Bay. Such a phase relationship appears to be strongly seasonally dependent off Lüderitz and across the southern BUS. Thus, our findings suggest this relationship is far more complex than currently thought and seems to be sensitive to climate changes with short- and far-reaching consequences for this vulnerable marine ecosystem.
Global trends in forced migration: Policy, practice and research imperatives for social work
Authors: Palattiyil George , Sidhva Dina , Seraphia Derr Amelia , Macgowan Mark
Published: July 2021

Global forced migration rates are the highest since World War II. This article presents an overview of migration and presents an original argument as to the imperatives for social work. First, global trends are presented and forced migration is conceptualised as an international phenomenon. Second, global responses are explored with a focus on legal and protection frameworks. Finally, existing policy, practice and research gaps related to human mobility and forced displacement are examined, and recommendations for social work policy, research and practice are presented. The contextual influence of the Covid-19 pandemic is considered in this article.
Meaning-Making View of Extreme States
Authors: Paska Iva
Published: July 2021

The perception of extreme states prevailing in contemporary society and mental health systems does not give justice to the transformational aspect of the process of extreme states. It generally views mental distress from the confinements of the perspective of objectivist epistemology and medicalization, disregarding its potential valuable aspects. Consequently, extreme states are reduced to biological malfunction, which renders the process meaningless and can have negative social implications. It is proposed in the article for extreme states to instead be viewed as a call to become aware of the context that the human being finds unbearable. Following this, the emphasis is put on the view of extreme states as an invitation to hold space for exploration and the potential emergence of new ways of being. The aim is not to minimize the suffering that can accompany extreme states, but to bring the meaning-making aspect of extreme states to the forefront.
The effects of firefighting boots and personal protective equipment load on foot thermal comfort
Authors: Tian Miao , Zhang Xianghui , Tang Xumei
Published: July 2021

Maintaining foot comfort is important as it influences the overall comfort of the human body. Shoe microclimate and foot skin temperature have been suggested to contribute to the thermal sensation of the foot. Considering the thermal environment and personal protective equipment (PPE) used for structural and proximity firefighting, climatic chamber tests with 13 male participants were conducted during standing and walking. Four test conditions – unloaded with training shoes, loaded with training shoes, unloaded with firefighting boots, and loaded with firefighting boots – were designed to investigate the effects of firefighting boots and PPE load on the thermal comfort of the human foot. Physiological variables of in-shoe and foot skin temperature at the whole and local regions of the foot were measured and subjective responses were gathered using psychological scales. The results showed that wearing firefighting boots may elevate the thermal sensation of wearers. The PPE load increased the in-shoe and foot skin temperature as well as subjective ratings. Subjective sensations of the foot were strongly correlated with in-shoe and skin temperature in the plantar regions. Correlation analysis of thermal sensation at the whole and local foot regions indicated that the sensation at the forefoot was closest to the whole foot, followed by the midfoot and heel. The findings address the relationship of physiological and subjective variables as well as the thermal sensation of whole and local foot regions, which can be considered for footwear design and thermal comfort prediction of the foot and whole body.
How Satirical News Impacts Affective Responses, Learning, and Persuasion: A Three-Level Random-Effects Meta-Analysis
Authors: Burgers Christian , Brugman Britta C.
Published: July 2021

Satirical news blends entertainment with information and opinion. Satire can thus impact various audience responses, such as positive and negative affect, learning, and persuasion. However, the presence and size of these communicative effects have been debated. We conducted a three-level random-effects meta-analysis on the impact of satirical news ( k = 70, Ntotal = 22,969). We compared satirical news to two reference categories: (1) control messages with no or irrelevant information, and (2) regular news with similar informational content. Results demonstrate that satirical (vs. regular) news increased positive affective responses and message discounting. By contrast, satire increased learning compared to control messages, but not compared to regular news. We find limited evidence for a positive main effect of satire on persuasion. However, we find different moderating effects, indicating that persuasion effects are stronger for Republicans (vs. other voters), student (vs. general-population) samples, TV satire (vs. online and print satire), and for satire targeting social actors.
Nasal Cavity Schwannoma—A Case Report and Review of the Literature
Authors: Liao Jyun-Yi , Lee Herng-Sheng , Kang Bor-Hwang
Published: July 2021

Schwannomas are rare slow-growing benign tumors arising from Schwann cells lining the nerve sheaths. Head and neck schwannomas account for about one-third of all cases, and only 4% of them arise from the sinonasal tract. Its diagnosis is based on histology and immunohistochemistry. Complete surgical excision is the most recommended treatment option, and endoscopic surgery has been widely performed in recent years. In this study, we presented a case of a 55-year-old female with schwannoma arising from the lateral wall of the nasal cavity, causing epistaxis and rhinorrhea. The patient underwent endoscopic excision with prompt resolution of symptoms. The reported cases of nasal cavity schwannoma were reviewed and summarized for educational purposes.
Representing the victorious past: Chinese revolutionary TV drama between propaganda and marketization
Authors: Wang Yingzi , Klein Thoralf
Published: July 2021

This paper examines the changes and continuities in TV representations of Chinese Communist Party’s revolutionary history and interprets them within the broader context of China’s political, economic and cultural transformations since the 1990s. Drawing on a comparative analysis of three state-sponsored TV dramas produced between the late 1990s and mid-2010s, it traces how the state-sanctioned revolutionary narratives have changed over time in response to the Party’s propaganda imperatives on the one hand, and to the market-oriented production environment on the other. The paper argues that while recent TV productions in the new century have made increasing concessions to audience taste by adopting visually stimulating depictions and introducing fictional characters as points of identification for the audience, the revolutionary narratives were still aligned with the Party’s propaganda agenda at different times. This shows the ongoing competition between ideological and commercial interests in Chinese TV production during the era of market reforms.
Exploring the ‘Partial Connections’ between Growth and Degrowth Debates: Bhutan’s Policy of Gross National Happiness
Authors: Masaki Katsu
Published: July 2021

Debates on degrowth have emerged with the realisation that the existing growth-oriented economic order has infringed upon our biosphere’s limits and human wellbeing. This must be rectified in favour of a more sustainable and equitable order through the promotion of green, caring and communal economies, as pointed out by degrowth advocates. However, these advocates argue for abandoning economic growth as a policy objective, thereby missing an opportunity to heed the potential of forging ‘partial connections’ between growth-seeking and degrowth-oriented measures. To explore a remedy against this pitfall, this study examines Bhutan’s policy of Gross National Happiness (GNH), which downplays a growth-for-growth’s sake approach but avoids precluding the pursuit of growth, in line with the historical unfolding of the country’s development plans and its Buddhism-based mores. Although GNH is yet to elicit a structural shift towards a full-fledged post-growth society, its balanced stance aids the search for a clue on how best to promote a post-growth transition with an intricate combination of growth-seeking and degrowth-oriented measures. Despite this potential, GNH has been largely overlooked by degrowth advocates, who depart from their own principle of valuing ‘locally determined paths’.

JEL: B59, 029
Pemphigus foliaceus in Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx)
Authors: Curtiss Jeffrey B. , Lewis Michelle , Mitchell Emily P.
Published: July 2021

Pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is an autoimmune acantholytic skin disease described in humans, dogs, cats, horses, goats, and sheep. From 2003 to 2016, six Arabian oryx ( Oryx leucoryx) at the National Zoological Garden in Pretoria, South Africa, developed progressive, bilaterally symmetrical, hyperkeratotic skin lesions and pustules consistent with PF. Lesions were similar to those observed in domestic animals and primarily affected the pinnae, face and nasal planum, distal legs, and tail tip. Histological evaluation of suspect PF skin lesions in affected animals, evaluation of medical records for treatments received, causative agents in the diet and environment, and special stains for infectious organisms yielded no consistent inciting cause. The Arabian oryx is a species highly adapted to arid environments of the desert and has recently survived from a severe genetic bottleneck; both of these factors may have contributed to the development of PF in these animals.
Frequency support scheme based on parametrized power curve for de-loaded wind turbine under various wind speed
Authors: Zhong Cheng , Lv Yueming , Li Huayi , Chen JiKai , Li Yang
Published: July 2021

With increased wind power penetration in modern power systems, wind plants are required to provide frequency support similar to conventional plants. However, for the existing frequency regulation scheme of wind turbines, the control gains in the auxiliary frequency controller are difficult to set because of the compromise of the frequency regulation performance and the stable operation of wind turbines, especially when the wind speed remains variable. This paper proposes a novel frequency regulation scheme (FRS) for de-loaded wind turbines. Instead of an auxiliary frequency controller, frequency support is provided by modifying the parametrized power versus rotor speed ( Pw-ω r) curve, including the inertia power versus rotor speed curve and the droop power versus rotor speed curve. The advantage of the proposed scheme is that it does not contain any control gains and generally adapts to different wind speeds. Further, the proposed scheme can work for the whole section of wind speed without wind speed measurement information. The compared simulation results demonstrate the scheme improves the system frequency response while ensuring the stable operation of doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs)-based variable-speed wind turbines (VSWTs) under various wind conditions. Furthermore, the scheme prevents rotor speed overdeceleration even when the wind speed decreases during frequency regulation control.
Neuroimaging in Children Born With Congenital Zika Syndrome: A Cohort Study
Authors: Alves Lucas Victor , Hazin Adriano Nassri , Alves Joao Guilherme Bezerra
Published: July 2021

Background and Purpose:

Neuroimaging findings have been associated with adverse neurologic outcomes in children with congenital Zika virus infection. Our purpose is to describe the brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of children around 3 years of age, born with congenital Zika syndrome.

Methods:

This cohort study followed 62 children born with congenital Zika syndrome who had head computed tomography (CT) performed during the first months of life. All these children had clinical, neuroimaging, and serological confirmation of congenital Zika. Around 3 years of age, these children received a brain MRI.

Results:

In 35 children, we could perform an MRI. All these children had severe impairment in neuromotor development. In general, the examinations showed the same alterations of the CT examinations: delayed myelination (82.8%), intracranial calcification (71.4%) although with decreased intensity and size as compared with previously CT examinations, ventriculomegaly (91.4%), cerebellar hypoplasia (68.5%), and cortical development abnormalities (85.8%).

Conclusion:

The serious brain alterations observed through head CT examinations in children born with congenital Zika syndrome continued to be detected through an MRI examination carried out at around 3 years of age. This indicates a poor prognosis for these children who had a severe neuromotor development delay.
Anger Damns the Innocent
Authors: DeCelles Katherine A. , Adams Gabrielle S. , Howe Holly S. , John Leslie K.
Published: July 2021

False accusations of wrongdoing are common and can have grave consequences. In six studies, we document a worrisome paradox in perceivers’ subjective judgments of a suspect’s guilt. Specifically, we found that people (including online panelists, n = 4,983, and working professionals such as fraud investigators and auditors, n = 136) use suspects’ angry responses to accusations as cues of guilt. However, we found that such anger is an invalid cue of guilt and is instead a valid cue of innocence; accused individuals (university students, n = 230) and online panelists ( n = 401) were angrier when they are falsely relative to accurately accused. Moreover, we found that individuals who remain silent are perceived to be at least as guilty as those who angrily deny an accusation.
Does air pollution affect clean production of sustainable environmental agenda through low carbon energy financing? evidence from ASEAN countries
Authors: Anser Muhammad K , Usman Muhammad , Godil Danish I , Shabbir Malik S , Tabash Mosab Ismail , Ahmad Munir , Zamir Aysha , Lopez Lydia B
Published: July 2021

This study describes different options regarding financing in low carbon energy sectors and air pollution, which further affect clean production and sustainable environment agenda regarding the Association of southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) states. The purpose of this study is to reduce air pollution and improve environmental production through low carbon energy financing. This study further investigates, which particular country among selected ASEAN states has most affected by air pollution and decrease their energy sources as well as clean productivity level. The findings of this study indicate that transformation toward low carbon energy increased energy efficiency encouraged by all sectors of society in the target countries. It is observed that around 20,000 people have died in South East Asia (SEA) every year due to the polluted air environment among these countries.
Validity of a method for identifying disease subtypes that are etiologically heterogeneous
Authors: Zabor Emily C , Seshan Venkatraman E , Wang Shuang , Begg Colin B
Published: July 2021

A focus of cancer epidemiologic research has become the identification of risk factors that influence specific subtypes of disease, a phenomenon known as etiologic heterogeneity. In previous work we developed a novel strategy to cluster tumor markers and identify disease subtypes that differ maximally with respect to known risk factors for use in the context of case-control studies. The method relies on the premise that unsupervised k-means clustering will find candidate solutions that are closely aligned with the sought-after etiologically distinct clusters, which may not be true in the presence of clusters of tumor markers that are not related to risk of disease. In this article, we investigate in detail the ability of the method to identify the “true” clusters in the presence of clusters that are unrelated to risk factors, what we term “counterfeit” clusters. We find that our method works when the strength of structure is larger in the clusters that truly represent etiologic heterogeneity than in the counterfeit clusters, but when this condition is not met, or when there are many tumor markers that simply represent noise, the method will not find the correct solution without first performing variable selection to identify the tumor markers most strongly related to the risk factors. We illustrate the results using data from a breast cancer case-control study.
Ethics review, reflective equilibrium and reflexivity
Authors: Morton Julie
Published: July 2021

Background:

Research Ethics Committees (RECs) or their equivalent review applications for prospective research with human participants. Reviewers use universally agreed principles i to make decisions about whether prospective health and social care research is ethical. Close attention to understanding how reviewers go about their decision-making work and consider principles in practice is limited.

Objective:

The study aimed to understand how reviewers made decisions in the contexts of meetings and to understand more about how reviewers approach their work. The purpose of this article is to draw on data and findings and to show how reflective equilibrium as a theoretical frame can (1) deepen understanding of ethics review and (2) permit a reflexive examination of the habitual processes of review.

Design and participants:

Methods captured the day-to-day work of the RECs. Seventeen applications were heard during eight observations. There were 12 formal interviews with reviewers (n = 12) and with researchers (n = 8) which are not reported on in this article.

Ethical considerations:

Organisational permission for the study was given by the National Research Ethics Service (NRES) whose functions became part of the Health Research Authority (HRA) during the study. The study was given favourable opinion by the University of Salford's REC (Reference HSCR11/17).

Findings:

Data were analysed using constructed grounded theory resulting in eight themes which revealed attention to procedure and engagement with applications. Reflective equilibrium was used as a qualitative frame to interpret themes distilling them into three processes at work in review: emotion and intuition; imagination and creative thinking; and intuition and trust.

Discussion:

Reviewers went back and forth between universal principles and considered these in the contexts of each application using the above processes.

Conclusions:

Reflective equilibrium offers a coherent and grounded account of review work. Reflexivity in training for reviewers is essential for improving practices. The challenges reflexivity presents can be assisted by using reflective equilibrium as a tool to illuminate tacit review processes.
Temporality of agency in regional development
Authors: Grillitsch Markus , Asheim Bjørn , Nielsen Hjalti
Published: July 2021

The temporality of agency plays a fundamental role in regional development but has received little attention in economic geography and regional studies. This paper zooms in on two aspects of temporality: the temporality of intentions and the temporality of consequences. The former refers to actors’ perception and valuation of opportunities in the near and distant future, whereas the latter refers to the short- and long-term consequences of actions. This paper studies the temporality of agency in the context of regional development. It investigates how short- and long-term intentions motivate different types of agency, how different types of agency affect short- and long-term regional development outcomes and which conditions enable or constrain different types of agency. We illustrate our arguments with an in-depth case study covering the regional development of a labour market in Norway over the last 20 years.