bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KUALITAS HASIL BUSANA KERJA MENGGUNAKAN LINING KAIN ERRO DAN KAIN ASAHI
Authors: Sakdiyah Fitrah , Wahyuningsih Sri Endah , Ainul Hukma Nabila Fitria
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The purposed of the research was to describe about the quality of work cloth with erro and asahi fabric lining. The method of the research was an experiment research with quantity data. The steps of this research were 1) product of work cloth , 2) fitting by experts, 3) data analysis, 4) result. Data collection methods in this research are observations, literature review, and observasion sheet . Data analysis techniques used descriptive percentage. The result of the product validation aspect got 82% (very good) and assesment of instrument got 84,4% (very good). The conclutions of this research was needed to describe of quality of work cloth with erro and asahi fabic lining. The quality of work cloth with erro got 92,88% (very comfortable) for the comfortable and asahi fabric got 74,88% (comfortable enough). The advice from this research is asahi fabric is less recommended for lining  of  work cloth.

Keywords:  asahi fabric; erro fabric; lining; work cloth

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskribsikan kualitas hasil busana kerja menggunakan kain erro dan kain asahi. Metode penelitian ini eksperimen  dengan data kuantitatif. Langkah penelitian antara lain 1) hasil produk busana kerja, 2) fitting oleh panelis, 3) analisis data, 4) hasil. Metode pengumpulan data yaitu observasi, studi pustaka, dan lembar pengamatan. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah descriptive persentase. Hasil validasi produk mendapat 82% (sangat baik) dan validasi instrument sebesar 84,4% (sangat baik). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan kualitas dari busana kerja dengan lining  kain erro dan kain asahi. Kualitas dari busana kerja menggunakan kain erro untuk kenyamanan mendapat 92,88% (sangat nyaman) dan kain asahi 74,88% (cukup nyaman). Saran dari penelitian ini adalah kain asahi kurang dianjurkan sebagai lining busana kerja.

Kata Kunci: Busana Kerja, Kain Asahi, Kain Erro, Pelapis
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI KESIAPAN KERJA DI INDUSTRI FASHION SISWA TATA BUSANA SMK NEGERI 6 PURWOREJO
Authors: AHMAD RORO HASINA , RACHMAWATI RINA
Published: June 2023

ABSTRAK. SMK merupakan pendidikan menengah kejuruan yang bertujuan mempersiapakan peserta didik menjadi tenaga profesional untuk bekerja. Hasil observasi awal menunjukkan bahwa kesiapan kerja lulusan SMK Negeri 6 Purworejo tahun 2020/2021 belum maksimal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kesiapan kerja siswa Tata Busana SMK Negeri 6 Purworejo secara simultan. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas XII Program Keahlian Tata Busana yang berjumlah 68 siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel jenuh. Metode pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan angket. Teknik analisis data menggunakan deskriptif persentase dan analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hasil persentase bakat (X1) mendapat hasil rata-rata 78.1% kategori baik, motivasi (X2) mendapat 85.66% kategori sangat baik, pengalaman praktik (X3) mendapat 84.70% kategori sangat baik, informasi dunia kerja (X4) mendapat 82.11% kategori sangat baik , lingkungan keluarga (X5) mendapat 71.94% kategori baik, koefisien determinasi secara simultan sebesar 71.9% sedangkan sisanya 28.1% dipengaruhi faktor lain yang tidak diteliti.

Kata Kunci : Kesiapan Kerja, Industri Fahion, Faktor Kesiapan Kerja, Siswa SMK
KELAYAKAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN VIDEO TUTORIAL KEMEJA BERFURING PADA MATA KULIAH PRODUKSI BUSANA PRIA
Authors: ROFIQODDURI NAILA , WAHYUNINGSIH SRI ENDAH
Published: June 2023

Abstrak. Proses pembelajaran akibat wabah covid-19 mengharuskan pembelajaran yang awalnya dilaksanakan secara luring atau bertatap muka kini harus dilaksanakan secara daring atau online. Mata Kuliah Produksi Busana Pria khususnya materi kemeja batik berfuring, berdasarkan wawancara dengan dosen pengampu dan pengisian angket kebutuhan oleh mahasiswa menyatakan terdapat kesulitan dan hambatan dalam praktik pembuatan produk. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendeskripsikan kelayakan media pembelajaran video tutorial pembuatan kemeja batik berfuring pada Mata Kuliah Produksi Busana Pria. penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) yang menggunakan 4 langkah penelitian yaitu potensi dan masalah, pengumpulan data , desain produk, dan validasi produk. Validasi produk dilakukan oleh ahli materi, ahli media, dan berdasarkan respon mahasiswa. Subjek mahasiswa pada penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Pendidikan Tata Busana yang telah lulus Mata Kuliah Produksi Busana Pria angkatan 2019 dan 2020. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif persentase. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan media pembelajaran video tutorial mendapat persentase keseluruhan 84% dari ahli materi termasuk kategori sangat layak, persentase keseluruhan 92% dari ahli media termasuk kategori sangat layak, dan berdasarkan respon mahasiswa memperoleh persentase keseluruhan 82% termasuk kategori sangat layak. Kesimpulan penelitian ini media pembelajaran video tutorial pembuatan kemeja batik berfuring pada Mata Kuliah Produksi Busana Pria layak digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran dan sebagai penunjang dalam kegiatan belajar mengajar. Saran pada penelitian ini yaitu menguji keefektifan penggunaan media pembelajaran, penggunaan teknologi dan konsep yang lebih menarik pada media pembelajaran, dan penggunaan materi lainnya pada Mata Kuliah Produksi Busana Pria.

Kata Kunci: kelayakan, video tutorial, kemeja batik berfuring
ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN SISWA DALAM MEMBUAT BUSTIER DI KURSUS MENJAHIT MANGINAR
Authors: SIHOMBING KRISTIANA , KARO KARO LIES ARISKA , PURBA JESISKA ENJELIA
Published: June 2023

Abstrak., Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk untuk mengetahui kemampuan siswa dalam membuat bustier di Kursus Menjahit Manginar. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan April 2022. Lokasi penelitian di Kursus Menjahit Manginar yang beralamat di Jl. Sei Mencirim No. 37. Desain Penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriftif kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa di Kursus Menjahit Manginar dengan jumlah 10 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan total sampling. Alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Hasil kemampuan siswa dalam membuat bustier di kursus menjahit manginar di peroleh berdasarkan distribusi frekuensi berada pada interval skor 97 – 98 sebanyak 5 siswa (50%), 93 - 94 sebanyak 4 siswa (40%) dan 89 – 90 sebanyak 1 siswa (10%). Berdasarkan hasil kesepakatan pengamat diperoleh Fhitung = 0,00007716152. jika dibandingkan dengan Ftabel pada taraf significant 5% dan dk = 9 : 20. Diperoleh Ftabel = 2.39 , sehingga diketahui Fhitung< Ftabel (0,00007716152 < 2.39 ). Demikian dapat disimpulkan hasil kemampuan siswa dalam membuat bustier di Kursus Menjahit Manginar cenderung sangat baik.

Kata Kunci: : Bustier, Wanita dan Kemampuan
Zumbadoras en la prehistoria: reproducción experimental
Authors: Manzano Iván , Maqueda Raúl
Published: June 2023

Las zumbadoras se conocen también con los nombres de rombo, bramadera, "bull roarer", churinga, "tavoletta vibrante", en función del contexto geográfico en que nos movamos o simplemente debido a la denominación que le haya querido dar cada autor que ha estudiado este peculiar instrumento musical.Estas piezas básicamente consisten en un cuerpo sólido de forma oblonga, poco grueso, realizado en madera, hueso, y parece que en etapas recientes también en metal (Rubio, I. 1992, pag. 2), al que se le ata un cordaje a una perforación realizada en uno de sus extremos.
El proceso de fabricación de las cuentas de collar en variscita
Authors: Noain Maria José
Published: June 2023

Las Minas de Can Tintorer o Minas de Gavà (Gavà, Barcelona) son un complejo de explotación minera que tiene su inicio en el Neolítico Antiguo Evolucionado y alcanza su máximo desarrollo durante la cultura que transcurre a lo largo del Neolítico Medio. El aprovechamiento de las que parecen ser las minas en galeria más antiguas de Europa, se basó en la extracción de variscita, un fosfato de aluminio hidratado, de 4,5/5 de dureza en la escala de Mohs y de color verde, variando su tonalidad desde un verde casi blanco hasta un verde muy oscuro.
Prediction of strand feedstock mechanical properties with near infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Kohan Neil J. , Via Brian K. , Taylor Steven E.
Published: June 2023

Wood strands either prepared in the laboratory or from a manufacturing plant were assessed for their ultimate tensile strength, tensile MOE, bending strength, and bending stiffness, and then near infrared spectroscopy was utilized for prediction. The ability to predict ultimate tensile strength and stiffness was generally weaker than bending strength and stiffness, perhaps due to the homogeneous distribution of stresses that occur within the strand during 3-point bending. Prediction of ultimate tensile strength and elasticity of plant based strands were generally weak due to imperfections in the strands that originate during biomass breakdown; however, for laboratory strands, prediction of tensile strength and stiffness was moderate/better. The modulus of elasticity for strands under bending exhibited the strongest correlation (R2 = 0.76). Principal component loadings were assessed, and it was found that the cellulose crystalline- and semi-crystalline-associated wavelengths were most important in predicting the stiffness for both tensile and bending forces; however, the influence of lignin-associated wavelengths increased in importance when predicting bending strength, and it was hypothesized that this was attributable to the plastic response of lignin above the proportional limit in the stress-to-strain curve. This study demonstrates the potential of near infrared spectroscopy to monitor the biomass quality prior to composite manufacture.
Simulación numérica de las corrientes marinas en la bahía del Callao
Authors: Merma Marco , Aguirre Cesar , Quispe Jorge
Published: June 2023

En el presente estudio se realizó la simulación numérica de las corrientes marinas en la Bahía del Callao, teniendo en cuenta los forzantes meteorológicos, se adaptó y con?guró el Modelo ELCOM (Estuary, Lake and Coastal Ocean Model), un modelo hidrodinámico 3D diseñado para la simulación numérica. de la hidrodinámica y termodinámica, los resultados de la simulación muestran que el modelo puede determinar con una buena aproximación la variación espacial y temporal de la magnitud de las corrientes marinas, las cuales han sido contrastadas con mediciones de campo, obteniendo como resultado un error mínimo de 1,39 % y máxima del 42,25 %. El modelo simuló correctamente a nivel superficial las corrientes marinas en la Bahía del Callao para Mayo del 2016.
Propiedades geom´etricas y potencial gravitacional del espacio-tiempo de Reissner-Nordstrom-De Sitter
Authors: Villata Franco , Vargas Teofilo
Published: June 2023

Este trabajo busca dar una descripci´on de la geometr´ıa del espacio-tiempo y de sus propiedades fundamentales en el exterior del agujero negro de Reissner-Nordstrom-De Sitter (RNdS) en relaci´on a sus respectivos horizontes de sucesos. Para este fin, efectuamos la correspondiente transformaci´on a las coordenadas de Kruskal, lo que nos permite analizar de manera plena y consistente desde el punto de vista f´ısico el comportamiento de la estructura causal en torno a los horizontes mencionados y en todo el continuo del espacio-tiempo referido. Posteriormente, empleando las ecuaciones de campo de Einstein y conjuntamente las que rigen el comportamiento de los campos gravitatorios en el l´ımite Newtoniano no relativista, se logra obtener la forma exacta del potencial gravitacional de RNdS. Por ´ultimo, con esta ´ultima expresi´on, podemos analizar de manera tanto cualitativa como cuantitativamente la verdadera influencia que puede presentar una constante cosmol´ogica positiva dentro del campo gravitacional producido por una distribuci´on de masa cargada, esf´ericamente sim´etrica y en reposo.
Recommendations for the removal of contradictions and lacunas in the effective orthography of the borrowing words
Authors:   Institute of the Ukrainian Language of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Karpilovska Yevheniia , Kysliuk Larysa ,   Institute of the Ukrainian Language of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Published: June 2023

The article analyzes the section “Spelling of words of foreign origin” in the current edi­tion of “Ukrainian Spelling”, approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine on May 22, 2019. Attention is focused on contradictions in the transmission of the phonetic and graphic structure of borrowings in the wording of some rules. They were found primarily in the consistent non-distinction of the methods of transcribing and transliterating to convey the sound or letter structure of the prototypes of individual groups of words in the source languages of borrowing. The traditional spelling of some words also needs justification. Emphasis is placed on the need to determine the chronology, area of distri­bution, and authority of the writings to which the definitions “usually” and “according to tradition” are applied in this section. Attention was also drawn to the inaccuracy of such definitions as “imitation of the sound in the original language” or “entered into the Ukrainian language in an adapted form”, which should be replaced by precise in­structions on the use of transcription or transliteration to convey in Ukrainian writing this or that word of foreign origin. It is also emphasized the need to present in the spelling code of the language the general methodological principles of transmitting the formal structure of words of foreign origin. In such an introductory part, the definition of the concept of “words of foreign origin”, its relationship with the concepts of “borrowing”, “tracing” and others, should be given, as well as the criteria for choosing the spelling of those words, the spelling of which is difficult and requires special rules. The improvement of Ukrainian spelling in its new editions also involves a careful and thoughtful selection of examples and text illustrations. Its Ukrainian-centricity is emphasized as a reference to the system of the Ukrainian language, typological features of its nomination and predication, defining components of Ukrainian national and lin­guistic identity. Keywords: Ukrainian orthography, borrowing words, adaption, transcription, transliteration.
Problems of spelling prefixes and suffixes in the “Ukrainian orthography” of 2019
Authors:   Institute of the Ukrainian Language of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Puriaieva Nataliia
Published: June 2023

The article analyzes some rules for writing prefixes and suffixes, presented in the new edition of “Ukrainian Orthography” in 2019, which appear to be debatable. In particu­lar, comments and suggestions concern spelling innovations that distinguish this edition from the previous ones: variant writing of allomorph prefixes apxi– / архи-; elimination of agentive suffixes –чик (-щик); spelling of derivatives with the suffix –ив-(-о); recom­mendations on the use of suffixes to create feminine counterparts to male names; ten­dencies to eliminate foreign language components in adjectival suffixes –ичи-(-ий), –ічн-(-ий) [(-їчн-(-ий)], etc. It is proposed to expand the list of prefixes, the transmis­sion of which will be regulated by spelling, and with respect to individual formants it is expressed a caveat to refrain from codification measures until their full usualization. In particular, it was noted that the prefix архи-, borrowed into the Ukrainian lan­guage long ago from Greek through Church Slavonic as part of the Christian religious vocabulary, has a long tradition of pronunciation with [и], and therefore the fixation of the variant архі– in the spelling, which appeared in newly formed derivatives and in an­cient words under the influence of the Russian pronunciation of Church Slavonic texts is impractical. The suffixes –чик (-щик), removed from the spelling, obviously in the agentive sense, although the rule regulates the writing in them and, it is advisable to return them to the spelling, because the suffix –чик is a productive diminutive suffix, and in the agentive sense it helps to avoid homonymy (підрядчик — підрядник) and functions in words that are not used with another suffix (bratchyk, nebizhchyk). In the rule governing the use of the suffix –ив-(-о) –yv-(-o) it is necessary to return the lexeme мариво (previously — with the allomorph –ев-(-о) марево) removed from it as one that demonstrates a tendency to unification with the formations of the corre­sponding word-formation model. Recommendations on the elimination of foreign language components in adjectival suffixes, –ичи-(-ий), –ічи-(-ий) [(-їчи-(-ий)] as an example of renormalization and the rule on suffixes for creating feminine correlates to male names as such, that potentially codifies this latest derivational process itself, we consider premature in view of the in­completeness of the usualization of the corresponding linguistic phenomena. It is also proposed to expand the list of prefixes whose transmission will be regu­lated by spelling (in particular, foreign language де-, дез-, дис-, ди– (ді-), as well as parts of foreign words that are not prefixes: їре-, їри, їрі-, etc.). Keywords: Ukrainian orthography, spelling of prefixes and suffixes, feminine forms, adjecti­val suffixes.
The (non-)finiteness of subordination correlates with basic word order: Evidence from Uralic
Authors: Kiss Katalin É.
Published: June 2023

This paper aims to answer why the Uralic languages use, or used until intensive contacts with Indo-European languages, only non-finite subordination. It argues against regarding the evolution of finite subordination language development, showing that languages with non-finite subordination and parataxis have the same expressive power as languages with finite subordination. It claims that non-finite subordination is a concomitant of SOV word order, and the growing proportion of finite subordination in the Uralic languages from east to west, and in the history of Hungarian is a consequence of the loosening of the SOV order and the emergence of SVO. The paper examines two hypotheses about the correlations between SOV and non-finite subordination, and SVO and finite subordination, the Final-Over-Final Condition of Biberauer, Holmberg & Roberts (2014, etc.), a formal principle constraining clausal architecture, and the Minimize Domains Principle of Hawkins (2004, etc.), a functional principle of processing efficiency. The two theories make largely overlapping correct predictions for the Uralic languages, which suggests that the Final-Over-Final Condition may be the syntacticization of the condition that ensures processing efficiency in SOV and SVO languages.
Venetoclaxalapú mentőkezelés (11;14)-transzlokációs myeloma multiplexben az első vonalbeli kezelésre adott nem megfelelő válasz esetén
Authors: Szita Virág Réka , Wiedemann Ádám , Syoreni Szabolcs , Tóth András , Ruff Eszter , Gaál Lilla , Masszi Tamás , Varga Gergely
Published: June 2023

Bevezetés: A myeloma multiplex az egyik leggyakoribb
hematológiai malignitás, évi kb. 400 esettel Magyarországon. Az utóbbi
évtizedben bevezetett új gyógyszerek sokat javítottak a legtöbb beteg túlélésén,
azok azonban, akik az első vonalbeli kezelésre nem jól reagálnak, és nem
juttathatók őssejt-transzplantációra, igen rossz prognózissal néznek szembe. A
szelektív Bcl-2-inhibitor venetoclax rendkívül hatásosnak bizonyult
relabált/refrakter betegekben, második vonalban, mentőkezelésként való
alkalmazásáról azonban kevés az adat. Célkitűzés: Kutatásunk
célja a Klinikánkon venetoclax mentőkezelésben részesült t(11;14)-betegek
adatainak elemzése és a terápia hatékonyságának értékelése volt.
Módszer: 2017 és 2021 között 13 beteg esetében alkalmaztunk
a frontline kezelésre adott szuboptimális válasz miatt venetoclaxkezelést,
adataikat retrospektíven elemeztük. Eredmények:
Betegcsoportunkban nagyon gyakoriak voltak az adverz prognosztikai faktorok:
del(17p) 4 betegnél, amp(1q21) 5 betegnél, míg 3. stádium 6 betegnél volt jelen.
Ennek ellenére mind a 13 beteg kiválóan reagált a venetoclaxterápiára, 6 nagyon
jó parciális választ, 7 pedig komplett választ ért el. Minden alkalmas beteget
transzplantációra tudtunk juttatni. Medián 38 hónapos követés után sem a medián
progressziómentes, sem a medián teljes túlélést nem értük el, csupán 3 beteg
progrediált, és 1-et veszítettünk el. Következtetés:
Vizsgálatunk azt mutatta, hogy a standard korai terápiára szuboptimálisan
reagáló és mentőkezelésre szoruló t(11;14)-betegek esetében a venetoclax
különösen jó kezelési opció. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(23): 894–899.
Daganatos betegek glykaemiás és tápláltsági állapotának vizsgálata.
Authors: Bánhegyi Róbert János , Veréb Blanka , Mátrai Ádám Attila , Rácz Beatrix , Beke Szilvia
Published: June 2023

Bevezetés: Hazánkban az obesitas, a 2-es típusú diabetes és a
rosszindulatú daganatok egyaránt népbetegségnek számítanak. Hasonló
epidemiológiájuk alapját a részben közös anyagcsere képezheti.
Célkitűzés: A daganatos betegek glykaemiás és tápláltsági
állapota, valamint a rákbetegség kórlefolyása közti metabolikus kapcsolat
bizonyítása, illetve a noninzulin-antidiabetikumok – elsősorban a metformin –
tumorellenes effektusának megerősítése. Módszer: Békés vármegye
onkológiai ellátásában 1224 beteg adatait dolgoztuk fel. A testtömegindex és
vércukorszint értékének, valamint a 2-es típusú diabetes jelenlétének és
terápiájának függvényében vizsgáltuk a tumorprogressziót, illetve a
daganatstádium viszonyában elemeztük a glykaemiás és tápláltsági állapot
változását, valamint a cukorbetegség előfordulását. Eredmények:
A malignus cachexia ellenére relatíve nagy arányban (23,28%) tapasztaltunk
obesitast vagy annak megfelelő testtömegindex-értéket, melyhez gyakrabban
társult áttétes tumorstádium. A felnőtt népességhez viszonyítva a 2-es típusú
diabetes gyakoribb előfordulását (20,34%) tapasztaltuk. Primer májsejtes (60%,
p<0,001), hasnyálmirigy- (50%, p<0,001), húgyhólyag- (50%, p<0,001),
prosztata- (50%, p<0,002) és endometriumrák (50%, p<0,02), valamint
postmenopausalis emlőrák (30%, p<0,006) esetében a vizsgált populáció többi
részéhez képest ennél is magasabb diabetesarányt észleltünk. A
noninzulin-antidiabetikumokkal kezeltek körében metformin alkalmazása esetén
volt a legalacsonyabb a metasztatikus stádium gyakorisága, illetve a legmagasabb
a testtömegindex és a vércukorszint. Megbeszélés:
Vizsgálatunkban a 2-es típusú cukorbetegséggel leggyakrabban társuló daganatok
sorrendje összhangban állt az irodalmi adatokkal. A tumorprogressziót kísérő
inzulinrezisztencia kialakulását az anyagcseregyógyszerek hatékonyan
késleltetik. A metformin összetett antimetasztatikus hatása a glükóz- és
súlykontrolltól függetlenül is érvényesülhet. Következtetés:
Eredményeink alapján szakmailag javasolható a diabetesesek célzott rákszűrése,
illetve az egyes daganatokat kísérő glükometabolikus zavarok keresése, megfelelő
antidiabetikus terápiája, elsősorban a metformin és az újabb
noninzulin-antidiabetikumok alkalmazása. Mindezek révén a rákellenes küzdelem
még hatékonyabbá tehető. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(23): 900–910.
Abundance and Characteristics of Microplastics Found in The Gastrointestinal Tract of Commercial Marine Fish from Bitung, North Sulawesi – Indonesia
Authors: Aunurohim Aunurohim
Published: June 2023

Microplastic (MP) pollution is an emerging environmental problem that threatens food security, food safety, and human health since it has been reported to be found in commercial fish consumed by humans. Bitung, North Sulawesi, is one of the biggest contributors to capture fishery production in Indonesia. However, there is no data on microplastic pollution in commercial marine fish from Bitung. Therefore, this research aimed to investigate the presence and identify the visual characteristics (color, shape, size) and the polymer type of microplastics found in the gastrointestinal tract of commercial marine fish from Bitung, North Sulawesi. The gastrointestinal tract was extracted using KOH 10%, and the microplastic was observed under a stereo microscope. A total of 753 microplastic particles were found in the gastrointestinal tract of 74 individuals (prevalence 99%), and there was a statistically significant difference in the abundance of microplastics found in the gastrointestinal tract of pelagic and demersal fish. The average number of microplastic particles found in the gastrointestinal tract of pelagic fish (12,24 ± 2,43) is higher than in demersal fish (7,38 ± 3,48). The dominant color and shape of microplastic found in the gastrointestinal tract of the fish were black and fiber, respectively. At the same time, the dominant microplastic size found in the gastrointestinal tract of demersal fish was bigger (1,001-5,000 µm, 39,4%) compared to pelagic fish (150-500 µm, 47%). The Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis result shows that microplastics of the same polymer type can be found in the gastrointestinal tract of both pelagic and demersal fish.
Antioxidant and Anti-tyrosinase Activities of Halymenia durvillei Water Extract Containing R-Phycoerythrin Before and After Microencapsulation
Authors: Khatulistiani Tiara Silva , Oktavia Devi Ambarwaty , Munifah Ifah , Marraskuranto Endar
Published: June 2023

Halymenia durvillei water extract (HDWE) contains a dark-pink colored pigment of Rphycoerythrin (R-PE), which its stability is influenced by temperature and pH and possesses biological activities. Microencapsulation could be the solution to preserving the nature of R-PE. This study characterized the HDWE emulsion and analyzed the RPE content, antioxidants, and anti-tyrosinase activities before and after microencapsulation using sodium caseinate and maltodextrin (M-HDWE). Halymenia durvillei was extracted in distilled water (ratio 1:2, w/v) for 24 hours at 4 °C. Sodium caseinate to maltodextrin coating ratios were 1:2; 1:4; 1:6 and 1:12. Emulsion (viscosity, color, and R-PE content) and powder characteristics (surface morphology) were determined using Brookfield DV2T, ColorFlex EZ Hunterlab, UV-VIS spectrophotometry, and JeolSEM, respectively. The antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase activities were determined using the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and mushroom tyrosinase assays. The Commision Internationale d’Éclairage (CIE) L* a* b* colorimetry result showed that the more maltodextrin and the lower viscosity, the more intense the emulsion color. Despite HDWE having roughly six-fold more R-PE content, all M-HDWE treatment samples exhibited equal R-PE contents (p 0.05). The M-HDWE 1:2; 1:4; 1:6; and 1:12 microcapsules had more wrinkled spheres and fewer cracks than MHDWE 0. The M-HDWE 1:2 had 33.10% lower antioxidant activity than the HDWE and was the highest compared to other M-HDWE compositions (17.15±1.27 µM/µg extract, p 0.05). Meanwhile, all M-HDWE had low anti-tyrosinase activity. It can be concluded that microencapsulation could be a solution for preserving HDWE’s antioxidant activity but not its anti-tyrosinase activity
Symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder and anger in children with ADHD
Authors: Mphahlele Ramatladi Meriam , Pillay Basil Joseph , Meyer Anneke
Published: June 2023

With the research reported on here we sought to determine whether children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) displayed more symptoms of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), conduct disorder (CD) and anger, which are categorised as externalising disorders, when contrasted to the control group and, also, whether gender and age impacted these ADHD comorbidities. ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that presents before the age of 12 years according to which an individual displays a recurrent pattern of extreme inattentiveness, overactivity, and impulsiveness that inhibits performance, and is not age-appropriate. ODD is defined as a psychological syndrome characterised by disruptive behaviour, a pattern of anger and irritability, confrontational, and spiteful behaviour. CD is a psychological and behavioural syndrome characterised by difficulties with following rules, recurrent patterns of hostility, destruction, and dishonesty. Anger is a frequent reaction (contrasted to ordinary irritable mood), intense and long-lasting defensive or retaliatory response to perceived provocation or threat, which interferes with normal functioning. Both teacher and parent ratings on the Disruptive Behavior Disorders Scale, and self-report on the Anger Inventory of the Beck Youth Inventories were employed in this investigation. The sample (n = 216) consisted of 216 school children aged 6 to 15 years that were divided into an ADHD group and a matched control group without ADHD (50 boys and 58 girls in each group). The results indicate that children with ADHD displayed notably elevated symptoms of ODD, CD and anger. The externalising disorders are more pronounced in boys with ADHD than in girls. Age had no effect on the results. We recommend that externalising comorbidities should be the target of early interventions. Our findings contribute to the debate about how best to conceptualise ADHD regarding related behavioural and emotional disturbances, and the treatment thereof. Since these symptoms occur during childhood and progress to adolescence, early identification and management may improve the livelihood of those affected.
The Pursuit of Peer Support for Opioid Use Recovery on Reddit
Authors: Balsamo Duilio , Bajardi Paolo , De Francisci Morales Gianmarco , Monti Corrado , Schifanella Rossano
Published: June 2023

Individuals suffering from Opioid Use Disorder and other socially stigmatized conditions often rely on peer support groups to find comfort and motivation while treating their condition. Many may face barriers in accessing peer support treatment, such as shame and social stigma, seclusion, or mobility restrictions. In this study, we quantitatively characterize the potential of the Reddit community in offering these individuals an online alternative to receiving peer support. By analyzing the social interactions of thousands of users during the start of opioid use recovery, we uncover that a particular Reddit community exhibits many characteristics similar to in-person peer support groups, featuring the exchange of support, trust, status, and similar experiences. We find that the supportive behavior of this community nudges users to change their personal behavior, and promotes abandoning opioid-related communities in favor of recovery-oriented relationships. Finally, we find that recognition, acknowledgment, and knowledge exchange are the most relevant factors in sustained engagement with the recovery community. Given this evidence, we suggest that this online community may constitute a complement or a surrogate to peer support groups when in-person meetings are not desirable or possible. Our work might inspire harm reduction policies and interventions to favor successful rehabilitation and is fundamental for future research about the use of digital media for recovery support.
Recipe Networks and the Principles of Healthy Food on the Web
Authors: Chelmis Charalampos , Gergin Bedirhan
Published: June 2023

People increasingly use the Internet to make food-related choices, prompting research on food recommendation systems. Recently, works that incorporate nutritional constraints into the recommendation process have been proposed to promote healthier recipes. Ingredient substitution is also used, particularly by people motivated to reduce the intake of a specific nutrient or in order to avoid a particular category of ingredients due for instance to allergies. This study takes a complementary approach towards empowering people to make healthier food choices by simplifying the process of identifying plausible recipe substitutions. To achieve this goal, this work constructs a large-scale network of similar recipes, and analyzes this network to reveal interesting properties that have important implications to the development of food recommendation systems.
Getting Back on Track: Understanding COVID-19 Impact on Urban Mobility and Segregation with Location Service Data
Authors: Chen Lin , Xu Fengli , Hao Qianyue , Hui Pan , Li Yong
Published: June 2023

Understanding the impact of COVID-19 on urban life rhythms is crucial for accelerating the return-to-normal progress and envisioning more resilient and inclusive cities. While previous studies either depended on small-scale surveys or focused on the response to initial lockdowns, this paper uses large-scale location service data to systematically analyze the urban mobility behavior changes across three distinct phases of the pandemic, i.e., pre-pandemic, lockdown, and reopen. Our analyses reveal two typical patterns that govern the mobility behavior changes in most urban venues: daily life-centered urban venues go through smaller mobility drops during the lockdown and more rapid recovery after reopening, while work-centered urban venues suffer from more significant mobility drops that are likely to persist even after reopening. Such mobility behavior changes exert deeper impacts on the underlying social fabric, where the level of mobility reduction is positively correlated with the experienced segregation at that urban venue. Therefore, urban venues undergoing more mobility reduction are also more filled with people from homogeneous socio-demographic backgrounds. Moreover, mobility behavior changes display significant heterogeneity across geographical regions, which can be largely explained by the partisan inclination at the state level. Our study shows the vast potential of location service data in deriving a timely and comprehensive understanding of the social dynamic in urban space, which is valuable for informing the gradual transition back to the normal lifestyle in a “post-pandemic era”.
Author as Character and Narrator: Deconstructing Personal Narratives from the r/AmITheAsshole Reddit Community
Authors: Giorgi Salvatore , Zhao Ke , Feng Alexander H. , Martin Lara J.
Published: June 2023

In the r/AmITheAsshole subreddit, people anonymously share first person narratives that contain some moral dilemma or conflict and ask the community to judge who is at fault (i.e., who is "the asshole"). These first person narratives are, in general, a unique storytelling domain where the author is not only the narrator (the person telling the story) but is also a character (the person living the story) and, thus, the author has two distinct voices presented in the story. In this study, we identify linguistic and narrative features associated with the author as the character or as a narrator. We use these features to answer the following questions: (1) what makes an asshole character and (2) what makes an asshole narrator? We extract both Author-as-Character features (e.g., demographics, narrative event chain, and emotional arc) and Author-as-Narrator features (i.e., the style and emotion of the story as a whole) in order to identify which aspects of the narrative are correlated with the final moral judgment. Our work shows that "assholes" as Characters frame themselves as lacking agency with a more positive personal arc, while "assholes" as Narrators will tell emotional and opinionated stories.
Google the Gatekeeper: How Search Components Affect Clicks and Attention
Authors: Gleason Jeffrey , Hu Desheng , Robertson Ronald E. , Wilson Christo
Published: June 2023

The contemporary Google Search Engine Results Page (SERP) supplements classic blue hyperlinks with complex components. These components produce tensions between searchers, 3rd-party websites, and Google itself over clicks and attention. In this study, we examine 12 SERP components from two categories: (1) extracted results (e.g., featured-snippets) and (2) Google Services (e.g., shopping-ads) to determine their effect on peoples’ behavior. We measure behavior with two variables: (1) click- through rate (CTR) to Google’s own domains versus 3rd-party domains and (2) time spent on the SERP. We apply causal inference methods to an ecologically valid trace dataset comprising 477,485 SERPs from 1,756 participants. We find that multiple components substantially increase CTR to Google domains, while others decrease CTR and increase time on the SERP. These findings may inform efforts to regulate the design of powerful intermediary platforms like Google.
Motif-Based Exploratory Data Analysis for State-Backed Platform Manipulation on Twitter
Authors: Hameed Khuzaima , Johnston Rob , Younce Brent , Tang Minh , Wilson Alyson
Published: June 2023

State-backed platform manipulation (SBPM) on Twitter has been a prominent public issue since the 2016 US election cycle. Identifying and characterizing users on Twitter as belonging to a state-backed campaign is an important part of mitigating their inﬂuence. In this paper, we propose a novel time series feature grounded in social science to characterize dynamic user networks on Twitter. We introduce a classiﬁcation approach, motif functional data analysis (MFDA), that captures the evolution of motifs in temporal networks, which is a useful feature for analyzing malign inﬂuence. We evaluate MFDA on data from known SBPM campaigns on Twitter and representative authentic data and compare performance to other classiﬁcation methods. To further leverage our dynamic feature, we use the changes in network structure captured by motifs to help uncover real-world events using anomaly detection.
Measuring Belief Dynamics on Twitter
Authors: Introne Joshua
Published: June 2023

There is growing concern about misinformation and the role online media plays in social polarization. Analyzing belief dynamics is one way to enhance our understanding of these problems. Existing analytical tools, such as sur-vey research or stance detection, lack the power to corre-late contextual factors with population-level changes in belief dynamics. In this exploratory study, I present the Belief Landscape Framework, which uses data about people’s professed beliefs in an online setting to measure belief dynamics with more temporal granularity than previous methods. I apply the approach to conversations about climate change on Twitter and provide initial validation by comparing the method’s output to a set of hypotheses drawn from the literature on dynamic systems. My analysis indicates that the method is relatively robust to different parameter settings, and results suggest that 1) there are many stable configurations of belief on the polarizing issue of climate change and 2) that people move in predictable ways around these points. The method paves the way for more powerful tools that can be used to understand how the modern digital media eco-system impacts collective belief dynamics and what role misinformation plays in that process.
Lady and the Tramp Nextdoor: Online Manifestations of Real-World Inequalities in the Nextdoor Social Network
Authors: Iqbal Waleed , Ghafouri Vahid , Tyson Gareth , Suarez-Tangil Guillermo , Castro Ignacio
Published: June 2023

From health to education, income impacts a huge range of life choices. Earlier research has leveraged data from online social networks to study precisely this impact. In this paper, we ask the opposite question: do different levels of income result in different online behaviors? We demonstrate it does. We present the first large-scale study of Nextdoor, a popular location-based social network. We collect 2.6 Million posts from 64,283 neighborhoods in the United States and 3,325 neighborhoods in the United Kingdom, to examine whether online discourse reflects the income and income inequality of a neighborhood. We show that posts from neighborhoods with different incomes indeed differ, e.g. richer neighborhoods have a more positive sentiment and discuss crimes more, even though their actual crime rates are much lower. We then show that user-generated content can predict both income and inequality. We train multiple machine learning models and predict both income (R2=0.841) and inequality (R2=0.77).
Images, Emotions, and Credibility: Effect of Emotional Facial Expressions on Perceptions of News Content Bias and Source Credibility in Social Media
Authors: Karduni Alireza , Wesslen Ryan , Markant Douglas , Dou Wenwen
Published: June 2023

Images are an indispensable part of the news we consume. Highly emotional images from mainstream and misinformation sources can greatly influence our trust in the news. We present two studies on the effects of emotional facial images on users' perception of bias in news content and the credibility of sources. In study 1, we investigate the impact of repeated exposure to content with images containing positive or negative facial expressions on users’ judgements of source credibility and bias. In study 2, we focus on sources' systematic emotional portrayal of specific politicians. Our results show the presence of negative (angry) facial emotions can lead to perceptions of higher bias in content. We also find that systematic portrayal negative portrayal of different politicians leads to lower perceptions of source credibility. These results highlight how implicit visual propositions manifested by emotions in facial expressions might have a substantial effect on our trust in news.
Popular Support for Balancing Equity and Efficiency in Resource Allocation: A Case Study in Online Advertising to Increase Welfare Program Awareness
Authors: Koenecke Allison , Giannella Eric , Willer Robb , Goel Sharad
Published: June 2023

Algorithmically optimizing the provision of limited resources is commonplace across domains from healthcare to lending. Optimization can lead to efficient resource allocation, but, if deployed without additional scrutiny, can also exacerbate inequality. Little is known about popular preferences regarding acceptable efficiency-equity trade-offs, making it difficult to design algorithms that are responsive to community needs and desires. Here we examine this trade-off and concomitant preferences in the context of GetCalFresh, an online service that streamlines the application process for California’s Supplementary Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP, formerly known as food stamps). GetCalFresh runs online advertisements to raise awareness of their multilingual SNAP application service. We first demonstrate that when ads are optimized to garner the most enrollments per dollar, a disproportionately small number of Spanish speakers enroll due to relatively higher costs of non-English language advertising. Embedding these results in a survey (N = 1,532) of a diverse set of Americans, we find broad popular support for valuing equity in addition to efficiency: respondents generally preferred reducing total enrollments to facilitate increased enrollment of Spanish speakers. These results buttress recent calls to reevaluate the efficiency-centric paradigm popular in algorithmic resource allocation.
Personal History Affects Reference Points: A Case Study of Codeforces
Authors: Kurashima Takeshi , Iwata Tomoharu , Tominaga Tomu , Yamamoto Shuhei , Toda Hiroyuki , Takemura Kazuhisa
Published: June 2023

Humans make decisions based on their internal value function, and its shape is known to be distorted and biased around a point, which the research community of behavior economics refers to as the reference point. People intensify activities that come to lie within the reach of their reference point, and abstain from acts that would incur losses once they've crossed the point. However, the impact of past experiences on decision making around the reference point has not been well studied. By analyzing a long series of user-level decisions gathered from a competitive programming website, we find that history has a clear impact on user's decision making around the reference point. Past experiences can strengthen, and sometimes weaken, the decision bias around the reference point. Experiences of past difficulties can strengthen the tendency towards loss aversion after achieving the reference point. When a person crosses a reference point for the first time, the cognitive decision bias is significant. However, repeating this crossing gradually weakens the effect. We also show the value of our insights in the task of predicting user behavior. Prediction models incorporating our insights may be used for motivating people to remain more active.
Comfort Foods and Community Connectedness: Investigating Diet Change during COVID-19 Using YouTube Videos on Twitter
Authors: Mejova Yelena , Manikonda Lydia
Published: June 2023

Unprecedented lockdowns at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic have drastically changed the routines of millions of people, potentially impacting important health-related behaviors. In this study, we use YouTube videos embedded in tweets about diet, exercise and fitness posted before and during COVID-19 to investigate the influence of the pandemic lockdowns on diet and nutrition. In particular, we examine the nutritional profile of the foods mentioned in the transcript, description and title of each video in terms of six macronutrients (protein, energy, fat, sodium, sugar, and saturated fat). These macronutrient values were further linked to demographics to assess if there are specific effects on those potentially having insufficient access to healthy sources of food. Interrupted time series analysis revealed a considerable shift in the aggregated macronutrient scores before and during COVID-19. In particular, whereas areas with lower incomes showed decrease in energy, fat, and saturated fat, those with higher percentage of African Americans showed an elevation in sodium. Word2Vec word similarities and odds ratio analysis suggested a shift from popular diets and lifestyle bloggers before the lockdowns to the interest in a variety of healthy foods, communal sharing of quick and easy recipes, as well as a new emphasis on comfort foods. To the best of our knowledge, this work is novel in terms of linking attention signals in tweets, content of videos, their nutrients profile, and aggregate demographics of the users. The insights made possible by this combination of resources are important for monitoring the secondary health effects of social distancing, and informing social programs designed to alleviate these effects.
Authority without Care: Moral Values behind the Mask Mandate Response
Authors: Mejova Yelena , Kalimeri Kyriaki , De Francisci Morales Gianmarco
Published: June 2023

Face masks are one of the cheapest and most effective non-pharmaceutical interventions available against airborne diseases such as COVID-19.
Unfortunately, they have been met with resistance by a substantial fraction of the populace, especially in the U.S.
In this study, we uncover the latent moral values that underpin the response to the mask mandate, and paint them against the country's political backdrop.
We monitor the discussion about masks on Twitter, which involves almost 600k users in a time span of 7 months.
By using a combination of graph mining, natural language processing, topic modeling, content analysis, and time series analysis, we characterize the responses to the mask mandate of both those in favor and against them.
We base our analysis on the theoretical frameworks of Moral Foundation Theory and Hofstede's cultural dimensions.

Our results show that, while the anti-mask stance is associated with a conservative political leaning, the moral values expressed by its adherents diverge from the ones typically used by conservatives.
In particular, the expected emphasis on the values of authority and purity is accompanied by an atypical dearth of in-group loyalty.
We find that after the mandate, both pro- and anti-mask sides decrease their emphasis on care about others, and increase their attention on authority and fairness, further politicizing the issue.
In addition, the mask mandate reverses the expression of Individualism-Collectivism between the two sides, with an increase of individualism in the anti-mask narrative, and a decrease in the pro-mask one.
We argue that monitoring the dynamics of moral positioning is crucial for designing effective public health campaigns that are sensitive to the underlying values of the target audience.