bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
MANAGEMENT OF EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES IN THE FORMATION OF STUDENT CHARACTER AT MUHAMMADIYAH 21 HIGH SCHOOL IN TEBING TINGGI
Authors: Nazri Elfin , Mardianto Mardianto , Neliwati Neliwati
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this research is to find out the management of extracurricular activities in the formation of students' character, namely extracurricular activities in character education which are very important to gain direct experience. Learners are actively involved and provide enough time outside of effective class hours so that value education is more accommodated through extracurricular activities. This research uses descriptive qualitative research using case study method. This research was conducted at SMA Muhammadiyah 21 Kota Tebing Tinggi with two sources of data, namely secondary and primary data with data collection techniques used interviews, observation, and documentation. Data were analyzed using data reduction techniques, data presentation and then data verification. To check the validity of the data, the techniques used are source triangulation, method triangulation, and theory triangulation. The results of this study reveal the findings: 1) extracurricular activity planning in the formation of student character, 2) implementation of extracurricular activities in the formation of student character, 3) assessment of extracurricular activities in the formation of student character. It was concluded that, in the process of planning extracurricular activities carried out according to what was targeted by the school. Extracurricular activities are carried out every Monday to Saturday outside of school hours and do not interfere with the ongoing teaching and learning process in the classroom so that students can follow their interests and talents. In extracurricular activities the implementation has been determined and regulated by the coach. Extracurricular activities for new methods or improving old methods, and also provide motivation in the form of criticism and suggestions that are conveyed by coaching to students.
MADRASAH HEAD MANAGEMENT IN IMPROVING TEACHER PERFORMANCE AT MIN 4 LANGKAT DISTRICT
Authors: Hutasuhut Sartika , Neliwati Neliwati , Khairuddin Khairuddin
Published: January 2024

The duties of a madrasah headmaster include managing the improvement of teacher performance in the madrasah. To lead effectively, the headmaster must design a well-planned work program. MIN 4, as an educational institution, certainly requires professional staff members who demonstrate good performance in advancing the madrasah. This research utilizes qualitative research methods with three data collection techniques: interviews, observations, and documentary studies. The data analysis involves data reduction, data display, and conclusion/verification. The research findings indicate that teachers possess mastery of teaching materials, conduct classroom administration, and perform evaluations. The headmaster has established a plan to enhance teacher performance in MIN 4, Kabupaten Langkat, through the madrasah's vision and mission, as well as the work program outlined in annual and mandatory monthly meetings. The headmaster of MIN 4, Kabupaten Langkat, implements various efforts to improve teacher performance, including providing opportunities for them to participate in training programs such as the Teacher Working Group (KKG) and Subject Teacher Discussion Forum (MGMP), as well as conducting direct supervision of their performance. Teachers are also guided in developing teaching tools, such as syllabi, lesson plans, teaching plans, worksheets, and assessments, as well as creating instructional media. The headmaster conducts routine monitoring of teacher performance to prevent possible negligence in carrying out their duties, by assessing their level of discipline in task execution and responsibility. The goal is to prevent any deviation in teacher performance within the madrasah. The headmaster continues to motivate subordinates to fulfill their tasks and obligations according to predetermined targets, especially regarding discipline in completing classroom administration. Teachers are expected to adhere to all applicable regulations and guidelines in MIN 4, Kabupaten Langkat.
ISLAMIC EDUCATION POLITICS: DYNAMIC AND RELEVANCE DUTCH ETHICAL POLITICS IN INDONESIA
Authors: Rozza Dian Silvia , Tobroni Tobroni , Nurhakim Moh.
Published: January 2024

This study discusses the dynamics and relevance of the Dutch colonial Ethical Politics for the Indonesian people. At that time, Ethical Politics was considered to be limited to the new Dutch colonial model, but the fact is that Ethical Politics has considerable relevance for education, especially Islamic education in Indonesia. This research uses a qualitative approach with a type of literature study in the form of books and journals related to politics and education in the Dutch colonial period. The results of the study show that: (1) Ethical Politics in the field of education continues to change in line with the replacement of the governor general during the Dutch colonial period. Colonialism and Dutch intervention led to the development of education from elementary schools to universities; (2) The relevance between Ethical Politics and Islamic education in Indonesia is suppressing illiteracy and producing reformers and Islamic nationalists. These figures began to establish Islamic educational institutions and Islamic organizations which still exist today.
MANAGEMENT MENINGKATKAN MUTU MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH KESUMA LKMD NAMORAMBE KABUPATEN DELI SERDANG
Authors: Hasanah Uswatun , Siahaan Amiruddin , Syukri Makmur
Published: January 2024

This research is to describe how Management Improves the Quality of Madrasah Tsanawiyah Kesuma LKMD Namorambe Deli Serdang Regency The development of madrasah quality is one of the duties and functions of the madrasah head as a leader is one of the determining factors in developing quality in madrasas. The principal of the madrasa as the highest leader in the school, the patterns and strategies in leading have a very large influence on the progress of the madrasa. Control over the use of existing resources in the madrasa by the head of the madrasa is by utilizing the facilities and infrastructure and resources in the madrasa. Collection of research evidensi obtained by observation techniques, interviews and documentation studies. The evidensi analysis step is to collect data, reduce evidensi and then conclude the data. To determine the validity of the data, it is necessary to check the validity of the data, including: credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability. The results of this study concluded that: 1) Madrasah heads in developing the quality of madrasah required: Madrasah head performance, Adequate madrasah facilities and infrastructure, Increased teacher competence in madrasas, Student extracurricular activities. 2) Control of the madrasah head to develop the quality of the madrasah is needed: Control of education financing, Scheduled and unscheduled controls, Control of facilities and infrastructure. Madrasa quality assurance carried out by madrasa heads in improving the quality of madrasas are: Education report cards, Student Graduate Improvement, Teacher Career Improvement.
LEARNING MANAGEMENT STRATEGY IN IMPROVING BUSINESS AND PRODUCT MARKETING AT SMK NEGERI 2 SIMPANG KIRI KOTA SUBULUSSALAM
Authors: Putra Erwinsah , Azmi Fachruddin , Nasution Inom
Published: January 2024

One way to develop students' skills in line with the objectives of Vocational High Schools (SMK) is by formulating learning management strategies to create and market products through micro-businesses managed by the school. This research aims to determine: 1) Learning management strategies in improving products and marketing micro-businesses at SMK Negeri 2 Simpang Kiri, Subulussalam City. 2) Barriers in improving products and marketing micro-businesses at SMK Negeri 2 Simpang Kiri, Subulussalam City. 3) Efforts in improving products and marketing micro-businesses at SMK Negeri 2 Simpang Kiri, Subulussalam City. The research method uses a qualitative descriptive approach. Data collection is conducted through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data collection instrument is obtained through interviews with key informants. The data analysis procedure uses general data validity in qualitative research, namely data triangulation. The results of the research indicate that: 1) Learning management strategies to enhance products and micro-businesses involve hands-on practice methods in both product creation and marketing. It uses offline and online marketing strategies through social media. 2) The barriers to improving products and marketing micro-businesses include difficulties in obtaining materials, inadequate student skills, and an unfavorable geographical location. 3) Efforts to improve products and marketing micro-businesses involve continuous improvement in product quality and marketing. The school carries out marketing through both offline and online channels, meeting buyers in person and utilizing online platforms such as Facebook, WhatsApp, and Instagram.
THE ROLE OF THE PRIVATE LEADERSHIP IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION IN GALIH AGUNG PRIVATE HIGH SCHOOL KUTALIMBARU
Authors: Ginting Nur Sya'adah Br , Mardianto Mardianto , Hadijaya Yusuf
Published: January 2024

The purpose of this research is to determine the roles of leadership, efforts, and obstacles faced by the school principal in enhancing the competency standards of graduates at Galih Agung Private High School, Kutalimbaru. The method used in this research is qualitative research with a descriptive approach. The research location is at Galih Agung Private High School, Kutalimbaru. The primary data sources for this research are the School Principal, the Vice Principal of Curriculum, the Vice Principal of Facilities and Infrastructure, and the teachers at Galih Agung Private High School, Kutalimbaru. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique involves data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions, and examination of data validity using credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. The research findings indicate that: 1) The role of the school principal's leadership in enhancing the graduates' competency at Galih Agung Private High School is demonstrated by setting a good example for educators, educational staff, and students. 2) The efforts made by the school principal in improving the graduates' competency at Galih Agung Private High School have been effective by collaborating with other campuses, consulting with psychologists, and planning special class programs. 3) The obstacles in improving the quality of education at Galih Agung Private High School include a lack of cooperation between parents and the school, where some parents are not very supportive of their children's abilities.
EFEKTIVITAS TERAPI MAAF DALAM PENERIMAAN DIRI SISWA SEBAGAI KORBAN PERCERAIAN ORANG TUA DI SMA NEGERI JAKARTA TIMUR
Authors: Ersan Oktriani , Yulia Cici
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini di latar belakangi dengan kesulitan dalam penerimaan diri para remaja yang merupakan korban perceraian orang tua nya, hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari remaja yang kurang mendapatkan cinta, kasih dan sayang dari orang tua nya sehingga menimbulkan sulit merasa puas terhadap diri sendiri, sulit dalam menerima kritikan orang lain, sulit memiliki kemandirian, dan sulit menghargai diri sendiri. Oleh karena itu, peneliti mengambil tindakan dengan melakukan layanan terapi maaf yang berfokus kepada penerimaan diri dengan memaafkan atau berdamai kepada diri sendiri ataupun orang lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektivitasan terapi maaf dalam meningkatkan penerimaan diri kepada remaja dengan menggunakan quasy eksperimen dengan jenis one group pretest-posttest. Sampel yang diambil yaitu 10 siswa yang merupakan siswa di SMA Negeri Jakarta Timur berdasarkan pada pengambilan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian skor pretest memperoleh rata-rata sebesar 93,6 dan posttest yang diperoleh rata-rata sebesar 125,6. Sehingga terjadi peningkatan rata-rata sebesar 32. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa layanan terapi maaf efektif untuk meningkatkan penerimaan diri para remaja.
PENGARUH SOLUTION FOCUSED BRIEF COUNSELING TERHADAP RESILIENSI AKADEMIK MAHASISWA
Authors: Pratiwi Ayu Kurnia , Fitniwillis Fitniwillis
Published: January 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh solution focused brief counseling terhadap resliensi akademik mahasiswa bimbingan dan konseling FKIP UHAMKA angkatan 2021. Metode penelitian menggunakan pra-eksperimental one grup pre-test dan post-test design. Instrument penelitian menggunakan angket Academic Resilience Scale-30 (ARS-30), yang diujicobakan kepada 31 orang mahasiswa diluar sampel. Populasi dalam penelitian ialah seluruh mahasiswa bimbingan konseling FKIP UHAMKA angkatan 2021 berjumlah 83 mahasiswa. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling, sehingga didapatkan sebanyak 8 mahasiswa. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji statistik wilcoxon dan diperkuat dengan analisis persentase peningkatan resiliensi akademik. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa (1) Profil resiliensi akademik mahasiswa bimbingan dan konseling FKIP UHAMKA angkatan 2021 berada dalam kategori tinggi dengan persentase 44,6%, (2) Hipotesis menunjukan bahwa hipotesis diterima, yang dibuktikan dengan hasil uji statistik wilcoxon probabilitas (2-tailed) sebesar 0.012 <0.05 serta adanya peningkatan resiliensi akademik yang signifikan setelah penerapan konseling kelompok SFBC. Hasil pengukuran awal sebelum dilakukan perlakuan (pre-test) termasuk kategori rendah dan sedang setelah dilakukan perlakuan (post-test) menunjukan peningkatan menjadi kategori tinggi dan sangat tingi. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa solution focused brief counseling (SFBC) berpengaruh terhadap resiliensi akademik mahasiswa.
MANAJEMEN KEPALA MADRASAH TSANAWIYAH NEGERI DALAM PELAKSANAAN KURIKULUM TAHUN 2013 DI KABUPATEN MANDAILING NATAL
Authors: Suyatmika Yulita , Lubis Mara Samin , Daulay Nurika Khalila
Published: January 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui manajemen kepala Madrasah dalam pelaksanaan kurikulum tahun 2013 di Kabupaten Mandailing Natal meliputi: Perencanaan, Pengorganisasian, Pelaksanaan dan pengawasan yang dilakukan kepala Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri dalam pelaksanaan kurikulum tahun 2013 di kabupaten Mandailing Natal. Penelitian yang dilakukan ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Tehnik pengumpulan data melalui teknik observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Perencanaan kepala madrasah tsanawiyah negeri dalam pelaksanaan kurikulum tahun 2013 di kabupaten Mandailing Natal dengan merencanakan beberapa kegiatan strategis agar terlaksanakannya kurikulum 2013 secara efektif dan efisien. Adapaun kegiatan di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 1 Mandailing Natal melakukan kegiatan a) Pelatihan penerapan kurikulum 2013 (K13), b) Pengembangan kurikulum, c) Pembuatan RPP untuk satu Tahun Pelajaran, dan d) Menentukan Kompetensi Dasar dan Lulusan. Sedangkan kegiatan yang direncanakan, diorganisasikan, dilaksanakan dan diawasi di Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 3 Mandailing Natal adalah a) Penentuan Tujuan Pendidikan di Madrasah, b) Perumusan Disiplin dan Sanksi Terikat Peraturan Madrasah Terfokus Perihal Penerapan Kurikulum 2013 (K13) dan c) Pengembangan kurikulum. Simpulan dari penelitian ini, bahwa manajamen kepala madrasah dalam pelaksanaan kurikulum 2013 di Kabupaten Mandailing Natal melakukan beberapa hal yaitu; a) Pelatihan penerapan kurikulum 2013 (K13), b) Pengembangan kurikulum, c) Pembuatan RPP untuk satu Tahun Pelajaran, dan d) Menentukan Kompetensi Dasar dan Lulusan. Sedangkan kepala Madrasah Tsanawiyah Negeri 3 Mandailing Natal melakukan: a) Penentuan Tujuan Pendidikan di Madrasah, b) Perumusan Disiplin dan Sanksi Terikat Peraturan Madrasah Terfokus Perihal Penerapan Kurikulum 2013 (K13) dan c) Pengembangan kurikulum.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN GADGET USE AND STUDENT LEARNING ACHIEVEMENT AT SMAN 21 BEKASI CITY
Authors: Apriyanto Apriyanto , Iswadi Iswadi
Published: January 2024

The goal of the study is to examine the relationship between gadget use and learning achievement. Quantitative methods are used by researchers. The research population was 276 students. The sample consisted of 73 students taken through random sampling. The researchers use questionnaires. To analyze the data, the researchers use using simple correlation and t test with SPPS Program. The finding: (1) There is a significant correlation between the use of gadgets and academic achievement of class XI students at SMAN 21 Bekasi City. The implication is that students can use gadgets in the learning process in the classroom because using gadgets can develop students' learning independence in solving questions from the teacher. Students who use gadgets in learning will get various kinds of learning resources from the Internet so that students will be more creative and innovative in the learning process.
PENGARUH MANAJEMEN KONFLIK DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA GURU MAN SE-KABUPATEN ACEH TENGGARA
Authors: Lidan April , Lubis Saiful Akhyar , Hadijaya Yusuf
Published: January 2024

Dalam rangka mewujudkan output pendidikan yang bermartabat, cakap dan terampil sebagaimana tercantum dalam tujuan pendidikan nasional maka dibutuhkan banyak persiapan dan dukungan, diantara persiapan dan dukungan itu beasal dari guru. Peran guru dalam menunjang pendidikan sangatlah penting bahkan dapat dikatakan sumber terpenting dalam pencapaian pendidikan yang berkualitas itu berasal dari guru yang berkualitas pula. Guru diharapkan memiliki keahlian dalam hal merancang program perencanaan pembelajaran, menjalanjan proses pembelajaran dan menilai hasil pembelajaran dengan baik dan sesuai standar yang telah ditetapkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui 1) Pengaruh yang signifikan dari manajemen konflik terhadap kinerja guru MAN se-Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara, 2) Pengaruh yang signifikan dari motivasi terhadap kinerja guru MAN se-Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara dan 3) Pengaruh yang signifikan dari manajemen konflik dan motivasi secara bersama-sama terhadap kinerja guru MAN se-Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian eksplanatori dan pendekatan ex post facto. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh guru MAN se-Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara yang berjumlah 102 orang dan sampel penelitian berjumlah 35 orang. Penelitian ini menerapkan metode kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian eksplanatori dan menggunakan pendekatan ex-postfacto. Instrumen menggunakan angket dengan skala likert. Analisis data penelitian menggunakan teknik analisis statistik deskriptif, dan uji hipotesis melalui analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa; 1) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari manajemen konflik terhadap kinerja guru MAN se-Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara; 2) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari motivasi terhadap kinerja guru MAN se-Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara; 3) Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan dari manajemen konflik dan motivasi secara bersama-sama terhadap kinerja guru MAN se-Kabupaten Aceh Tenggara.
Cervical Preparation for Hysteroscopy Using Dilapan-S Three Hours before Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Shahriyaripour Roya , Chaichian Shahla , Tahermanesh Kobra , Haghighi Ladan , Derakhshan Roya , Sabet Babak , Rokhgireh Samaneh
Published: January 2024

Background: Hysteroscopy is a pragmatic diagnostic and operative method for the assessment of uterine pathologies. Cervical preparation is an important step for hysteroscopy, and it is recommended in order to reduce complications. The efficacy of Dilapan-S and Misoprostol as two means of cervical preparation were evaluated and compared in this study. Methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on women referred to Rasoul-e-Akram Hospital outpatient department. A total of 120 menopausal and non-menopausal patients with no history of vaginal delivery were included in this study. 400 micrograms of misoprostol and Dilapan-S were used for cervical ripening three hours before hysteroscopy. Cervical dilation was measured by the diameter of the largest dilator inserted without resistance prior to hysteroscopy. The time needed to achieve 9 mm dilatation was recorded. Complications of the procedure were evaluated and compared in both groups. Results: The size of the largest Hegar dilator without resistance in Dilapan-S and misoprostol groups were 7.6 ± 0.86 mm and 6.05 ± 1.04 mm, respectively (p < 0.0001). Preoperative complications including headache and nausea were significantly higher in misoprostol group (p = 0.013). Applying Dilapan-S for cervical ripening significantly reduced the time of cervical dilation (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Short-term application of Dilapan-S before surgery, due to proper preparation of the cervix, increases the chance of successful hysteroscopy, without causing intolerance or major complications in patients or necessitating a longer preoperative hospital. Clinical Trial Registration: the study was registered at https://en.irct.ir/ (registration number IRCT20191123045476N2).
The Correlation between Independent Self-Monitoring and Limiting Postpartum Weight Maintenance in Obese Women during Pregnancy: A Prospective Multicenter Observational Study
Authors: Tang Hao , Li Zhifang
Published: January 2024

Background: Obesity during pregnancy has a high incidence rate worldwide. At the same time, postpartum weight of pregnant obese patients can lead to a series of complications. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of independent self-monitoring (SM) interventions during pregnancy and postpartum on reducing postpartum weight retention in women with obesity during pregnancy. Methods: A multicenter observational study was conducted, involving 448 participants diagnosed with obesity during pregnancy, from five medical organizations. Participants were divided into two groups: those with independent SM activities (SM; n = 201) and those without independent self-monitoring activities (no-SM, NSM; n = 247). Independent SM behaviors included dietary and weight measurements. Linear mixed-effects models with repeated measures, and multiple logistic regression models were employed to assess continuous and categorical weight outcomes, respectively. Results: Changes in body weight were observed from the prepregnancy period to the 12-month postpartum phase. An observable SM effect was evident, resulting in reduced weight retention in the SM group across various time intervals. Notably, at the 12-month postpartum mark, the SM effect retained a slight but significant impact, with the SM group maintaining 2.4 kg less weight compared to the NSM group (95% confidence interval (CI): –4.5 to –0.3). Furthermore, relative to NSM participants, the SM group exhibited a 2.5-fold increased likelihood (95% CI: 1.2–4.8) of experiencing no weight retention at 3 months postpartum compared to their prepregnancy weight. Additionally, SM was associated with a higher probability of vaginal delivery and a decreased likelihood of cesarean sections (p = 0.046). Importantly, no significant distinctions were observed in neonatal outcomes or among participants with varying gestational weight gain (GWG) levels (p = 0.144 and p = 0.064). Conclusion: Independent SM interventions, comprising dietary and weighting, are effective in limiting postpartum weight retention among women with obesity during pregnancy, and enhance delivery method. Healthcare professionals should consider incorporating independent SM strategies into prenatal and postnatal care programs, to support healthy weight management and reduce the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes and long-term obesity development.
Obstetric Outcomes during COVID-19 Pandemic: Vaccination and Infection in Pregnancy
Authors: Dizdar Merve , Cakmak Aysegul , Ucar Isil A. , Senturk Zeynep , Cimenli Sumeyye , Yuksel Ecem , Kirmaci Ceylan , Kale Ibrahim , Muhcu Murat
Published: January 2024

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection is associated with increased perinatal morbidity and mortality. Despite this, vaccination hesitancy among pregnant women remains to be a huge problem. In this study we aimed to evaluate COVID-19 vaccination safety and uptake in pregnancy, and to evaluate adverse perinatal outcomes associated with COVID-19 in pregnancy, compared with non-infected pregnant women. Methods: This is a retrospective single-institution cohort study of women who gave birth in 2021. The primary outcomes of the study were the safety of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy, and the comparison of perinatal outcomes in COVID-19 infected women during pregnancy group vs non-infected. The secondary outcomes included vaccine uptake rate, trimester evaluation of vaccination safety, and side effects. Results: Among 3620 deliveries, 1943 individuals who were vaccine eligible before delivery were included in the vaccine safety and uptake analysis. Out of 1943 pregnant women, 212 (10.9%) women received at least one dose of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine during pregnancy. 189 (89.2%) of them received BNT162b2 (Pfizer/BioNTech) and 23 (10.8%) CoronaVac (Sinovac). Following propensity score matching, no significant increase in emergency cesarean section (C-section) rates, intrapartum complications, stillbirth, congenital anomalies, maternal or neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions were found in COVID-19 vaccinated group compared to the non-vaccinated (p > 0.05, for all). 436 women with a history of COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positivity during pregnancy were compared with 2972 women who tested negative. No overall significant adverse effects were identified due to COVID-19 infection during pregnancy. Perinatal outcomes were similar in both groups (p > 0.05, for all). In the subgroup analysis of 212 pregnant women vaccinated during pregnancy, NICU admission was lowest in the third trimester group (p < 0.001). Antenatal vaccine uptake was higher among women with pregestational diabetes, hypothyroidism and autoimmune diseases compared to the overall vaccination rate (23%, 14%, 20.8% and 10.9% respectively). Conclusions: In this study, COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy was not associated with significant adverse perinatal outcomes. Overall, COVID-19 infection was not associated with increased adverse perinatal outcomes. Our results should be confirmed in a bigger cohort in order to draw more definite conclusions.
SIRT6 Reduces Rheumatoid Arthritis Injury by Inhibiting MyD88-ERK Signaling Pathway
Authors: Yu Xiaolong , Jin Zihan , Raza Faisal , Zhang Ping , Wu Jiabiao , Ren Min , Wang Jiapeng , Xi Jing
Published: January 2024

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by destruction of synovial joints, abnormal immune responses and chronic inflammatory manifestations, which seriously affects patients’ well-being. We explored this study to ascertain the effect and mechanism of silent information regulator 6 (SIRT6) on RA. Methods: Genes of RA patients and normal volunteers were analyzed using Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Kyoto-Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Disconet databases. Serum samples of RA patients and normal subjects were collected before detection of myeloid differentiation factor-88 (MyD88)-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway proteins expression with Western blot. In vitro RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) cell model (RA-FLS) was established by treating RSC-364 with recombinant rat IL-1β (10 ng/mL) after which SIRT6 and MyD88 adenoviruses treatment was carried out. The enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA), real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot were respectively used to measure inflammatory factors, related messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein expressions. Also, we constructed RA rat model with bovine type II collagen (BIIC) and complete Freund’s adjuvant, before treatment with SIRT6 and MyD88 adenoviruses. Results: Low expression of SIRT6 gene were detected in RA patients. Also, levels of MyD88, ERK and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (p-ERK) protein expressions in RA patients were increased, whilst that of SIRT6 protein decreased. Compared to FLS cells in Control group, inflammatory factors levels of rats in Model batch increased significantly. SIRT6 adenovirus treatment potentially and significantly inhibited inflammation including suppression of increased inflammatory factors induced by MyD88. In comparison with FLS cells in Control group, Model batch cells’ MyD88, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-21, IL-22, IL-6, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and monocyte chemo-attractant protein-1 (MCP-1) mRNA expressions increased but SIRT6 gene treatment could reduce mRNA expression of the aforesaid factors, even after MyD88 adenovirus treatment. Besides, overpressed SIRT6 negatively regulated levels of MyD88, ERK and p-ERK proteins expressions. SIRT6 demonstrated anti-RA effect by regulating MyD88-ERK pathway and inhibiting inflammatory response in RA rats. Conclusions: SIRT6 could potentially inhibit the inflammatory response of RA via a regulatory mechanism mainly relating to MyD88-ERK signal pathway. Thus, SIRT6 and its agonists may serve as new targets for developing drugs that can potentially treat RA.
Dissecting the Clinical Heterogeneity and Genotype-Phenotype Correlations of MAPT Mutations: A Systematic Review
Authors: Villa Cristina , Pellencin Elisa , Romeo Aurora , Giaccone Giorgio , Rossi Giacomina , Prioni Sara , Caroppo Paola
Published: January 2024

Background: Microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) mutations are one of the main causes of genetic Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and are characterised by high clinical heterogeneity. A behavioural variant of FTD is the principal phenotype, but other rarer phenotypes are described, mostly reported as single cases. In this review, we provide an overview of the clinical phenotypes associated with MAPT mutations in order to define their characteristics and explore genotype-phenotype correlations. Methods: We performed systematic bibliographic research on the Pubmed database, focusing on articles published between 1998 and 2022. We analysed the clinical phenotype of 177 patients carrying MAPT mutations, focusing on the rarest ones. We performed a narrative synthesis of the results. Results: Regarding language phenotypes, the most frequent were the non-fluent variant and the semantic variant of Primary Progressive Aphasia (nfvPPA, svPPA), approximately in the same proportion. Almost 20% of the whole group of patients present a clinical phenotype belonging to the corticobasal syndrome-progressive supranuclear palsy (CBS-PSP) spectrum. While no clear genotype-phenotype correlation could be identified, some mutations were associated with a specific phenotype, while others gave origin to multiple clinical pictures and mixed phenotypes. Conclusions: A high clinical heterogeneity exists in FTD associated with MAPT mutations without a clear phenotype-genotype correlation in most cases. However, some characteristics can be helpful to drive genetic testing. Deep phenotyping of patients, together with functional studies of single mutations, particularly those associated with atypical phenotypes, are necessary to better understand the biological mechanisms underlying this clinical variability.
DDX60 Promotes Migration and Invasion of Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell through the NF-κB/IFI27 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Han Yumei , Gao Jinbo , Liu Lei
Published: January 2024

Background: Despite its significance in multiple cancer types. the function and mechanism of DEXD/H box helicase 60 (DDX60) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) remain unreported. Methods: Thirty paired HNSCC tissues and adjoining normal tissues and human normal oral epithelial keratinocytes (HOK) and four HNSCC cells (CAL27, SAS, CAL33, and SCC25) were analyzed for DDX60 expression by Semi-quantitative real-time PCR (SQ RT-PCR) and western blot. To investigate how DDX60 affects HNSCC cell migration and invasion, transwell experiments were performed. The western blot was implemented to understand the interaction among DDX60, Interferon Alpha Inducible Protein 27 (IFI27), and the NF-κB pathway. Results: Results revealed the upregulation of DDX60 in HNSCC cell lines and tissues. Additionally, patients with upregulated DDX60 expression exhibited a dismal prognosis relative to those with downregulated expression. DDX60 enhanced the migration, invasion, and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in HNSCC cells. The results from mechanistic studies revealed that DDX60 could promote the IFI27 expression following the activation of NF-κB pathway. Conclusion: DDX60 promoted the migratory and invasive capacities of HNSCC cells via the NF-κB/IFI27 axis.
A Case-Control Study of the Associations between EGLN1 Gene Polymorphisms and COPD
Authors: Li Xin , Zhang Peng , Yu Jing , Zhang Chunyan , Shi Yanli , Wei Xueyan , Li Honge , Zhang Xuhui , Lin Ao , Yang Zhen , Wang Yunchao , Wang Xinhua
Published: January 2024

Background: Environmental and genetic factors are jointly involved in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The EGLN1 gene is a major factor in upstream regulation of the hypoxia-inducible pathway. EGLN1 negatively regulates the hypoxia-inducible factors HIF-lα and HIF-2α by regulating the concentration of oxygen, mainly in a hypoxic environment. Hypoxia is a common physiologic condition during the progression of COPD, and several studies have identified genetic variants in EGLN1 as a key factor in the adaptation to hypoxic environments. However, it is still unclear whether there is an association between EGLN1 variants and the risk of developing COPD. Methods: A case-control study was conducted in the Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu Province. A total of 292 COPD patients and 297 healthy controls were enrolled to assess the association of EGLN1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs41303095 A>G, rs480902 C>T, rs12097901 C>G, rs2153364 G>A) with COPD susceptibility. Results: The EGLN1 rs41303095 A>G, rs480902 C>T, rs12097901 C>G, and rs2153364 G>A polymorphisms were not associated with COPD susceptibility (p > 0.05). Conclusions: The EGLN1 rs41303095 A>G, rs480902 C>T, rs12097901 C>G and rs2153364 G>A polymorphisms were found in this study not to be associated with susceptibility to COPD in Gannan Tibetans.
Protective Properties of Botanical Extracts against 5G Radiation-induced Damage to Human Skin, as Demonstrated in Preliminary Data from a Keratinocyte Cell Culture Model
Authors: Havas Fabien , Cohen Moshe , Krispin Shlomo , Attia-Vigneau Joan
Published: January 2024

Background: Next-generation 5G communication technology involves increasing use of 3–100 GHz wireless bands in population centers. Though still non-ionizing, this implies higher radiation energy vs. existing bands. The range is also shorter, needing more numerous emitters, closer to the user—resulting in higher electromagnetic energy exposure. With no universal consensus regarding exposure risks, there is some concern among the public and the scientific community, following indications that 5G radiation can impact immune function, trigger inflammatory responses, and influence expression of genes affecting protein folding, oxidative stress, tissue/extracellular matrix (ECM) matrix turnover, and more. This work aims at identifying botanical extracts for protection of human skin from these impacts, based on a preliminary cell culture-based model. Methods: We irradiated human epidermal keratinocytes at 6 GHz, evaluating effects on Interleukin1-α (IL1-α), a key inflammatory cytokine; TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP1), shown to inhibit collagenase; Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPLT4), which plays a role in wound healing and epidermal differentiation; and S100 calcium-binding protein A9 (S100A9), involved in immune recruitment during injury, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunostaining. We next used this model to identify substances able to mitigate the effects of 5G irradiation, through the evaluation of the influence of treatment by one of several botanical extracts on the observed effects of 5G irradiation. Results: After a remarkably short 1-h exposure, clear effects on keratinocyte function were observed: increased inflammatory cytokine IL1-α; reduced collagenase inhibitor TIMP1; increased wound healing/differentiation facilitator ANGPLT4; and increased SA100A9, involved in immune recruitment during injury. On this basis, we then showed the protective effects of selected botanical extracts, capable of reducing the increase in IL1-α induced by 5G exposure, possibly in part due to anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of compounds present in these extracts. Conclusions: Our results show a clear influence of 5G irradiation on the keratinocytes, possibly indicating injury and damage responses. What’s more, we showed how these preliminary data can be used to identify botanical extracts capable of offering some protection against these effects for users of 5G technology, e.g., when employed as active ingredients in protective cosmetic applications.
Recent Advance of S100B Proteins in Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage and Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Authors: Zhou Zhang-Ming , Gu Ling-Ling , Zhou Zhe-Yu , Liang Qing-Le
Published: January 2024

Human health is seriously endangered by spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Because the majority of ICH and aSAH survivors experience disability, increased risk of stroke recurrence, cognitive decline, and systemic vascular disease, ICH and aSAH assume special importance in neurological disease. Early detection and prediction of neurological function and understanding of etiology and correction are the basis of successful treatment. ICH and aSAH cause complex inflammatory cascades in the brain. In order to establish precise staging and prognosis, as well as provide a basis for treatment selection and monitoring, it is imperative to determine appropriate biological markers according to pathological and physiological mechanisms. In this review, we focus on the research progress of S100B, an endogenous danger signaling molecule, as a potential biomarker for ICH and aSAH, assisting in the development of further basic research and clinical translational studies.
Metformin Alleviates Pain States by Regulating the Balance of Spinal Synaptic Transmission
Authors: Duan Dongxia , Wu Xiaojin , Ali Usman , Wang Di , Li Xue , Liu Ruimei , Ma Le , Mao Yemeng , Ma Yan
Published: January 2024

Background: Metformin has been shown to have potent analgesic effects; however, the underlying mechanism of synaptic plasticity mediating analgesia remained ambiguous. Methods: In this study, animal behavioral tests, whole-cell patch‑clamp recording, immunofluorescence staining, and network pharmacology techniques were applied to elucidate the mechanisms and potential targets of metformin-induced analgesia. Results: Single or consecutive injections of metformin significantly inhibited spinal nerve ligation (SNL)-induced neuropathic pain, and formalin-induced acute inflammatory pain. Network pharmacology analysis of metformin action targets in pain database-related targets revealed 25 targets, including five hub targets (nitric oxide synthase 1 (NOS1), NOS2, NOS3, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and plasminogen (PLG)). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis demonstrated that metformin-induced analgesia was markedly correlated with calcium signaling and synaptic transmission. Intrathecal injection of metformin significantly reversed nerve injury-induced c-Fos (neural activity biomarker) mRNA and protein expression in neuropathic rats by regulating NOS2 expression. In addition, whole-cell recordings of isolated spinal neurons demonstrated that metformin dose-dependently inhibited the enhanced frequency and amplitude of miniature excitatory synaptic currents (mEPSCs) but did not affect those of miniature inhibitory synaptic currents (mIPSCs) in neuropathic pain. Conclusions: This study further demonstrated that metformin might inhibit spinal glutamatergic transmission and abnormal nociceptive circuit transduction by monitoring synaptic transmission in pain. Results of this work provide an in-depth understanding of metformin analgesia via synaptic plasticity.
Enhancing Interoceptive Abilities and Emotional Processing: Effects of HD-tDCS
Authors: Schultze Jasmin , Hajian Sara A. , Mai-Lippold Sandra , Pollatos Olga
Published: January 2024

Background: Interoception, the processing and integration of bodily signals, is crucial for emotional experiences and overall well-being. The interoceptive network, including the somatosensory cortices, has been recognized for its role in interoceptive and emotional processing. High-definition transcranial, direct-current stimulation (HD-tDCS) has been demonstrated to modulate brain activity in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1). Based on those findings, we hypothesized that anodal HD-tDCS over the right S1 would enhance interoceptive abilities and heighten emotional perception. Methods: Thirty-six healthy adults participated in two sessions separated by at least one week. A 20-min HD-tDCS stimulation (2 mA), and a sham stimulation, were applied in randomized order. Both conditions involved pre-tDCS physical activation by ergometer cycling. Interoceptive abilities were assessed before and after both sessions using a heartbeat-perception and respiratory-load task. Emotional perception was measured using four matched international affective picture system (IAPS) picture sets presented randomly. Results: Active HD-tDCS did not significantly improve interoceptive accuracy, interoceptive emotion evaluation, or interoceptive sensibility. However, a notable increase in cardiac interoceptive awareness was observed after active HD-tDCS. The expected enhancement of emotional processing was not observed. Conclusions: This study represents the first attempt to modulate interoceptive and emotional processing using HD-tDCS over S1. Although consistent enhancement was not observed, our findings provide insights into the modulation of interoceptive and emotional processes with HD-tDCS, suggesting avenues for further research. Further studies should consider the nuanced effects of stimulation techniques and the complex interplay between interoception and emotion.
Impact of Anemia on Cardiovascular Events and All-Cause Death Among Participants Who Received Intense Blood Pressure Treatment: A Secondary Analysis of SPRINT
Authors: Liu Xiaochuan , Lin Beiru , Yao Sichen , Pan Zhigang
Published: January 2024

Background: To investigate whether anemia is associated with incident cardiovascular events and all-cause death among participants who received intensive blood pressure (BP) treatment in the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT). Methods: A total of 4394 participants who received intensive BP control (systolic BP <120 mmHg) in SPRINT were included. Anemia status was self-reported. Our primary outcome was a composite of cardiovascular events, and the secondary outcome was all-cause death. Cox regression was used to compare the incidence of outcomes between participants with anemia and non-anemia. In order to balance the baseline characteristics between the 2 groups, inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) was applied. Hazard ratios (HRs), along with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), were then calculated. Results: There were 4394 participants who received intensive BP control (537 participants with anemia). Participants with anemia were older (mean age 68.86 versus 67.75, p = 0.01) and more likely to be female (64.8% versus 31.8%, p < 0.001). The presence of anemia was strongly associated with composite cardiovascular events after adjusting for potential confounders (HR 1.66, 95% CI 1.18–2.34, p = 0.004). The association remained statistically significant even in the population after IPTW (HR 1.55, 95% CI 1.06–2.27, p = 0.024). The secondary outcome revealed that participants with anemia had a higher rate of all-cause death compared to those without anemia. The HR of all-cause death for participants with anemia was 1.61 (95% CI 1.00–2.57, p = 0.049) in the population after IPTW. Conclusions: Anemia appears to be an independent risk factor for composite cardiovascular events and all-cause death among participants who received intensive BP control in SPRINT. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT01206062. All SPRINT anonymized data can be found at the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Biologic Specimen and Data Repository (https://biolincc.nhlbi.nih.gov/home/).
The Value of Serial Measurement of Arterial Stiffness in Cardiovascular Disease
Authors: Kim Hack-Lyoung
Published: January 2024

Clinically assessing arterial stiffness is valuable because it aids in predicting future cardiovascular events. There are several methods for measuring arterial stiffness, including pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index, and pulse pressure. Numerous studies have shown that these indicators of arterial stiffness possess prognostic value for various patient groups as well as the general population. In cross-sectional studies, arterial stiffness was also linked to organ damage indices. However, most studies related to arterial stiffness have relied on a single measurement. Taking multiple serial measurements of arterial stiffness offers several advantages. Through repeated assessments, one can confirm the variability of arterial stiffness and observe changes over time, which is beneficial for understanding its pathophysiology. Such repeated measurements are also invaluable in evaluating the efficacy of interventions aimed at improving arterial stiffness. However, caution is needed, as there is no standardized method for measuring arterial stiffness. For instance, with PWV, the values can be influenced by numerous external factors. Therefore, the external conditions during the measurement must be noted. It’s essential to recognize the pros and cons of repeated arterial stiffness measurements and integrate them effectively into clinical practice.