bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Utilizing adaptive deformable convolution and position embedding for colon polyp segmentation with a visual transformer
Authors: Sikkandar Mohamed Yacin , Sundaram Sankar Ganesh , Alassaf Ahmad , AlMohimeed Ibrahim , Alhussaini Khalid , Aleid Adham , Alolayan Salem Ali , Ramkumar P. , Almutairi Meshal Khalaf , Begum S. Sabarunisha
Published: March 2024

Polyp detection is a challenging task in the diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer (CRC), and it demands clinical expertise due to the diverse nature of polyps. The recent years have witnessed the development of automated polyp detection systems to assist the experts in early diagnosis, considerably reducing the time consumption and diagnostic errors. In automated CRC diagnosis, polyp segmentation is an important step which is carried out with deep learning segmentation models. Recently, Vision Transformers (ViT) are slowly replacing these models due to their ability to capture long range dependencies among image patches. However, the existing ViTs for polyp do not harness the inherent self-attention abilities and incorporate complex attention mechanisms. This paper presents Polyp-Vision Transformer (Polyp-ViT), a novel Transformer model based on the conventional Transformer architecture, which is enhanced with adaptive mechanisms for feature extraction and positional embedding. Polyp-ViT is tested on the Kvasir-seg and CVC-Clinic DB Datasets achieving segmentation accuracies of 0.9891 ± 0.01 and 0.9875 ± 0.71 respectively, outperforming state-of-the-art models. Polyp-ViT is a prospective tool for polyp segmentation which can be adapted to other medical image segmentation tasks as well due to its ability to generalize well.
Torsion and clinical features in patients with acquired fourth cranial nerve palsy
Authors: Choi Heeyoung , Kim Sang Yoon , Kim Su-Jin , Choi Jaehwan , Yang Seungahn , Han Kwang Eon , Lee Ji-Eun
Published: March 2024

This retrospective study aimed to compare objective/subjective torsion and other clinical characteristics of patients with acquired trochlear nerve palsy. This study included 82 consecutive patients who were diagnosed with acquired fourth cranial nerve palsy between 2014 and 2021 and who were followed up for ≥ 6 months. The etiologies, ocular deviation, objective and subjective torsions were reviewed. The etiologies were classified as ischemic, traumatic, brain lesion, idiopathic, or other. The patients were classified into two groups according to the recovery state: full recovery and partial/no-recovery. We compared the torsion and clinical features based on the etiology and recovery state. The average age was 59.1 ± 11.1 years, and 58 (71.0%) of the patients were male. The most common cause was ischemic (n = 49, 59.7%) and other common causes included traumatic (n = 16, 19.5%), brain lesion (n = 8, 9.8%), idiopathic (n = 5, 6.1%) and others (n = 4, 4.9%). Of the 82 patients, 56 (68.3%) were assigned to the full recovery group, and 26 (31.7%) were assigned to the partial/no-recovery group. The average age and number of patients with ischemic causes of palsy were greater in the full recovery group (p = 0.026 and p < 0.000, respectively). The vertical deviation angle, tilted angle on the Lancaster red-green test (LRGT), proportion of patients who experienced subjective torsion on the LRGT, and head tilt were smaller in the full recovery group (p = 0.037, 0.042, 0.045, and 0.006, respectively). Ischemic trochlear nerve palsy, advanced age, a small deviation angle at the primary position, and few cases of excyclotorsion on LRGT were characteristic of the full recovery group of acquired unilateral trochlear nerve palsy patients.
Recent advances in nanostructured solid catalysts with controlled hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance
Authors: Li Gengnan , Resasco Daniel E.
Published: March 2024

Design of catalysts with controlled performance is not only important for fundamental research, but also greatly beneficial to industry. Inspired by nature, various types of functionalized materials with different surface nano-patterns have been developed to mimic the structure of enzymes. Among these nanostructures, catalysts with tuned hydrophilic/hydrophobic balance show remarkable performance in liquid phase reactions. The hydrophilic/hydrophobic functionalities surrounding active sites regulate the reaction by adjusting the adsorption configuration of reactants and the structure of solvents, and by stabilizing reaction transition states. This contribution addresses the different aspects of the role of hydrophobic/hydrophilic balance in catalytic reactions at liquid–solid interfaces. Recent developments in the fabrication of nanostructured solid catalysts are discussed along with their performance in liquid phase reactions.
Project Building Bridges: A Framework for Preparing Highly Qualified Speech-Language Pathologists to Serve Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Students With Augmentative and Alternative Communication Needs
Authors: Solomon-Rice Patti L. , Robinson Nancy B. , Soto Gloria , Arana Renelinda
Published: March 2024

Purpose:

Project Building Bridges was funded by the U.S. Department of Education Office of Special Education Programs to address the shortage of speech-language pathologists qualified to serve students with complex communication needs who benefit from augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) and are culturally and linguistically diverse. The purpose was to train future speech-language pathologists in culturally responsive AAC practices through coursework and fieldwork in AAC integrated into the Master of Science degree in Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences.

Method:

Fifty-seven graduate students completed the project. The scholars' curriculum consisted of two AAC courses, both on-campus and externship AAC clinical practicum experiences to provide services to multicultural and linguistically diverse students, a U.S. or international service-learning opportunity, and cumulative portfolio presentations.

Results:

Mixed-methods outcome measures consisted of four sets of pre- and postsurveys and qualitative feedback from exit interviews to assess changes in graduate student competencies. Significant differences were demonstrated between scholars' pre- and post-assessments of confidence ratings. Significant differences were also demonstrated in both scholars' and school mentors' pre- and post-assessments of competency ratings. No significant differences were found between evaluations of AAC preparation by Clinical Fellowship (CF) candidates and their CF mentors at 1 year postgraduation.

Conclusions:

Project Building Bridges provides a framework for preparing highly qualified speech-language pathologists to serve culturally and linguistically diverse students who benefit from AAC as evidenced by pre- and postsurvey results. The project can serve as a model for other university programs in the development of preservice preparation programs focusing on culturally and linguistically diverse students with AAC needs.
Preface
Authors: Uzakov Gulom , Chudov Ivan , Yunusov Khudaynazar , Gibadullin Arthur , Zalilova Zariya , Safarova Lola
Published: March 2024

Within the framework of the presented proceedings, the results of the conducted III International Conference on Current Issues of Breeding, Technology and Processing of Agricultural Crops, and Environment (CIBTA-III-2024).
Actual aspects of treatment and prevention of infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis
Authors: Pimenov Nikolay , Ivannikova Regina , Muhammad Zahra , Smirnova Ekaterina , Laishevtsev Alexey
Published: March 2024

Infectious bovine keratoconjunctivitis is a bacterial eye disease. The disease is characterized by inflammation of the conjunctiva, corneal ulceration and excessive lacrimation. Although this disease does not lead to the death of animals, its economic importance is enormous, since it leads to a decrease in livestock weight gain and a reduction in dairy productivity. The main etiological role in IBK belongs to Moraxella spp. (including in associations with Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli, Proteus). The use of traditional treatment methods, such as the use of antibacterial chemicals, for Moraxella infection may be ineffective due to the factors of resistance and immunity of these bacteria. The development of a vaccine can be expensive and time-consuming, due to the external localization of the infection; it will be difficult to achieve a protective effect. New strategies for the treatment and prevention of bacterial infection open up prospects for the use of bacteriophages. Due to the growing antibiotic resistance of circulating bacterial pathogens and to increase the effectiveness of therapeutic and preventive measures in IBK, the development of phage therapy is relevant. Fundamental studies of biological properties and exploratory studies of virulent active bacteriophages to zoopathogenic Moraxelles are an urgent problem.
Changes in the content of certain macro- and microelements in the blood of karakul sheep exposed to helminth infestation
Authors: Vakhidova Adolat , Daminov Asadullo , Muradova Emma , Nurullayev Alisher
Published: March 2024

Comprehensive studies of livestock, their feeding conditions and maintenance allow us to obtain the data necessary for the development of medical strategies and tactics in the treatment of sick animals and the prevention of endemic diseases. Considering that Uzbekistan belongs to a country where Karakul sheep are raised, and the soil is rich in eggs and larvae of geohelminths, the infection rate of lambs in the spring and summer is high. Our research was conducted taking into account the infestation of animals and how many micro- and macronutrients are lost during the disease. Lambs infected with helminths were selected using a latex agglutination reaction with a diagnosticum. With marshallagiosis, nematodyrosis and habertiosis, the content of macro– and microelements in the blood of Karakul sheep decreases (potassium – by 190.5; sodium - 552.5; calcium -9.5; copper – 0.56; zinc – 0.5 and iron - by 74.2 mg/l) especially significantly in the prenatal period of helminth development; in the imaginal period– the content of macronutrients increases, and trace elements remain at a low level. According to the results of the study, the absorption of macro- and microelements depends not only on the balance of the diet in nutrients, mineral salts and vitamins. The effect of macroand microelements on the body is largely complicated by the conditions of animal husbandry. It is necessary to have a medical examination that allows you to control the harvesting, storage and quality of feed, detect diseases in animals, in the subclinical period and timely carry out the necessary medical measures, as well as identify agrotechnical measures to improve the fodder base of the farm.
The effectiveness of Tolkoks 2.5% medication in treating nosematosis in bees (Uzbekistan)
Authors: Azimova Dilafruz , Nasimov Shuxrat
Published: March 2024

This article presents the results of testing the medication Tolkoks 2.5% as a therapeutic agent in honeybee colonies infected with nosematosis under natural beekeeping conditions. The medication was prepared by adding 0.25 ml of Tolkoks 2.5% to 1 liter of sugar syrup and administered once at a dose of 250 g for 12 hours. Scientific results obtained from experiments and laboratory research are described in this article.
The effect of a feed additive containing sweet chestnut extract and calcium butyrate on the histostructure of the glandular stomach of broilers
Authors: Seryakova Alexandra , Prosekova Elena , Panov Valery , Kosogor Anastasiya , Cherepanova Nadezhda
Published: March 2024

The studies were carried out on broilers of the “Smena 8” cross. At one day of age, the birds were divided into 4 groups using the method of analogue pairs based on live weight. Throughout the experiment, the control group received the main diet, the experimental groups received the main diet with the feed additive “Butitan (Farmatan BCO)” O1 – 250 mg/kg, O2 – 500 mg/kg and O3 – 1000 mg/kg. Morphometry of the glandular section of the stomach at 7 days of age showed that O1 broilers in terms of the size of the submucous membrane were superior to the control group by 6,1%, and O2 and O3 were significantly inferior to the control group in terms of the size of these indicators by 16.4% and by 8,5%. Gland epithelium height of the gastric submucous membrane was higher in all experimental groups by 11.1%. At the end of the experiment at 42 days of age in O1, the mucous membrane in thickness exceeded the control group by 11.4%, the indicators of the submucous membrane did not have significant differences, O2 and O3 were inferior to the control group in the size of these membranes by 4% and by 11.6%. Gland epithelium height of the gastric submucous membrane was higher in O3 by 9.1 %.
Meat productivity and functional properties of meat from Kazakh white-headed bulls with the introduction of an adaptogen system into the diet
Authors: Mironova Irina , Khabibullin Ruzel , Salikhova Guzel , Zubairova Liliya , Dolzhenkova Galina
Published: March 2024

This article provides research on the use of a system of adaptogens of plant and animal origin, such as Leuzea safflower, drone homogenate, and pantocrine. The use of adaptogens in diets stimulates the development of animals, improves biochemical parameters, increases meat productivity and the characteristics of meat raw materials. To assess the effectiveness of adaptogens in diets, control and experimental groups of animals were compiled. Adaptogen preparations were fed to animals for 12 months. During the experiments, meat productivity indicators were determined. At the final stage of the research, an assessment of raw meat obtained from the control and experimental groups was carried out in order to determine its functional and technological properties. During the research, it was found that the use of the adaptogen system increases the meat productivity of animals, improves the quality and technological parameters of meat.
The period of gestation of rabbits and its fertility connection
Authors: Yunusov Khudaynazar , Djambilov Bekzod , Xolmirzayev Dustmuhammmad , Ibragimov Bakhodir , Daniyerov Ravshan
Published: March 2024

The work researched the effect of multiple pregnancy on the gestation period of a female rabbit. To research the reproductive characteristics of female rabbits, physiologically mature live weight of at least 3 kg was selected. The reproductive characteristics of female rabbits were researched during three births. In the experiment, we used rabbit breeds such as New Zealand white and white giants, which were mated according to the scheme NZBxNZB and NZBxWG. The first litter of rabbits was analyzed as a control, and the second and third litters were analyzed as experimental groups. In the experiment, the polygamy ratio was 5:1. Female rabbits were mated in the morning and evening. The day of mating and the day of birth were recorded. The results obtained show that the length of the gestation period in rabbits is directly affected by the number of offspring. It has been established that the gestation period lasts longer in rabbits with a small number of offspring compared to rabbits with a large number of offspring.
The use of Chitosan hydroxyapatite in improving the Clinico-physiological indicators of broiler chicks, as well as in increasing productivity and preservation
Authors: Toshmurodov Diyor , Eshimov Dusmurat , Eshburiyev Sobir , Aliyarov Soatmo‘min , Fayzullayev Ikrom
Published: March 2024

Experiments were carried out on 15-day chicks of 160 heads belonging to the Ross-308 cross. For the experiment, 4 groups were formed. Group 1 chicks were a control group and fed mixed feed, which was used in the farm until the end of the experiment. Group 2-3-4 experimental group chicks were given different amounts of chitosan hydroxyapatite (grower) with food ration for 13 days from the 15th to the 28th. Including: experimental group 2 chicks were given 0.4 g/kg, Experimental Group 3 chicks were given 0.7 g/kg and Experimental Group 4 chicks were given 1g/kg. At the end of the experiment, the best results were observed in the chicks of the third experimental group. In the control group in particular, the body temperature from the clinical-physiological indicators turned out to be 2.4% higher than in Group 3. And the number of breaths increased by 6.2% compared to control. Body weight was 8.3% higher. Sustainability was 100% in the 3rd experimental group at the end of the experiment and 92.5% in the control group.
Immunobiological indicators of anti-infection resistance of Karakul lambs
Authors: Ruzikulov R.F. , Ortikov T.Z. , Sulaymanova D.Z.
Published: March 2024

The study investigated immunobiological indicators of natural resistance in Karakul lambs. Indices of natural resistance to conditionally pathogenic microorganisms were measured to determine the general anti-infective resistance of Karakul lambs. The amount of total protein, their fractions and immunoglobulins in the perfusion fluid passed through the blood system of the gastrointestinal tract of lambs in the first 48 hours after birth and after 48 hours of postnatal life of Karakul lambs was determined. Also, the titer of antibodies against conditionally pathogenic microorganisms in blood serum of Karakul lambs of different ages was determined, their importance in formation of colostral and natural active immunities was analyzed.
The transition of the agricultural industry to digital farming: An organizational and practical approach
Authors: Papaskiri Timur , Lipski Stanislav
Published: March 2024

Using the example of the agricultural sector, the article examines how, as digital technologies develop, the nature of state regulation of relevant relations changes. Key problems in agricultural land use are identified, and measures to solve them are described. The transition to a unified state register of agricultural lands containing data about them in digital form will not only make it possible to quickly and reasonably make management organizational decisions, but also ensure the required comparability of the initially disparate data included in it.
Determination of bioactive compounds of pomegranate peel to incorporate as a functional food ingredient in food production
Authors: Suyundikov Ulug’bek , Atkhamova Saida , Dodayev Qo’chqor , Eshmatov Fozil , Fayzullaeva Nodira , Shomaksudova Komola , Uzakova Shirin , Zokirov Kurbonalijon
Published: March 2024

Each component of pomegranate peel is examined in this research, with particular attention paid to the tannin content, chemical cosmetics, amino acids, carbohydrates, and polysaccharides. Utilizing atomic adsorption spectrometry, elemental analysis identified potassium and calcium as the key elements. The Kjeldahl method's amino acid composition showed that all of the required amino acids were present, indicating the protein derived from pomegranate waste's nutritional significance. Polysaccharides were found and described, including pectincontaining compounds and water-soluble polysaccharides. Applying spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography, the tannin content was found to be about 5.5%. Because of its antioxidant and antibacterial qualities, tannins have potential benefits in the culinary, pharmaceutical, and veterinary industries. The study sheds light on the nutritional value and bioactive components of pomegranate peel waste, underlining its multiple values. The information provided by this research is important in using pomegranate peel as a sustainable resource for several applications.
A new granulated sorbent based on acrylonitrile: Synthesis and physico-chemical properties
Authors: Kattaev Nuritdin T. , Tuygun Babaev , Adinaeva Dilnoza , Jumaev Mannon , Azizova Kholida
Published: March 2024

It was common practice in water treatment procedures to employ functional polymers to sorb metallic species from the water. Due to the wide spectrum of potential functional groups on polymeric backbones, these sorbents had the potential to separate a huge range of metals. The characteristics of the cationic metallic ions and the functional groups were closely related to the selectivity and sorption efficiency via complexation or ion exchange interactions. Another crucial factor that needed to be taken into account was the physical makeup of the materials. Major variations in sorption characteristics were found in the sorption kinetics, which were contingent on the cross-linking density, polymer solubility and polymeric architecture. An anion-exchange and complexing property-rich novel granular sorbent was created by the chemical reaction of a cross-linked copolymer of acrylonitrile with hexahydro-1,3,5-triacrylyltriazine when subjected to hydroxylamine. Modern techniques have been used to examine the physico-chemical characteristics of the final sorbent and demonstrate the characteristics of its structural morphology.
Conservation of biodiversity of subtropical crops (Citrus L., Diospyros kaki L., and Feijoa sellowiana B.) in the collections of the Federal Research Center SSC of RAS
Authors: Omarov Magomed , Kulyan Raisa , Omarova Zuhra
Published: March 2024

The article examines the biodiversity of subtropical plants in the collections of the Subtropical Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Citrus L., Diospyros kaki L. and Feijoa sellowiana B.). Citrus fruits are represented by 144 taxa, persimmon – 27 varieties, feijoa – 13 specimens. The purpose of the study is to preserve biodiversity and replenish collections with new introduction and selection varieties. Collectible specimens are preserved alive and serve as the object of comprehensive research. Sources of economically valuable traits - early ripening, dwarfism, winter hardiness, early ripening, fruit size and productivity - have been identified and included in various breeding programs for the creation and improvement of varieties. As a result of hybridization, a diverse range of hybrid forms was obtained, including 350 forms. Two forms of Feijoa sellowiana (SHW-1: 13-11), two hybrids of C. paradise (GA-1; G-A-2) and four forms of Diospyros kaki are currently being tested. In 2023, the biodiversity of the collections was replenished with four new varieties bred at the Center. Three varieties of tangerine (‘Academichesky’, ‘Solnechny’, ‘Prince Vladimir’) and a variety of eastern persimmon (‘Zukhra’) are included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation.
The influence of seasonality on the technological parameters of biological wastewater treatment at existing wastewater treatment plants
Authors: Perushkina Elena
Published: March 2024

The work carried out monitoring of the process of biological treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater at operating wastewater treatment plants in months that differ in temperature and flow rate of process influent. The analysis of wastewater pollution indicators was carried out at three main points of the process line (receiving chamber, settling tank and Venturi tray) with a sampling frequency of 1 every 5 days. It was found that in March and April, the flow rate of process influent and the concentration of suspended solids significantly exceed the specified parameters in February and May. At volley of sewage on wastewater treatment plants in March, the concentration of BOD5 is more than 600 mg l-1. It is shown that overestimated indicators of wastewater pollution at the entrance in the spring period significantly reduce the effectiveness of biological removal of nitrogen and phosphorus compounds.
The Effect of Surfactant Formulation and Salam Leaf Extract (Syzygium Polyanthum) on The Durability of Soybean Oil
Authors: Diyah Kustini Khadijah , Tahir Mulyati , Zainal Zainal
Published: March 2024

The antioxidants in salam leaf extract have polar properties that affect their effectiveness in oil, thus requiring a surfactant to enhance dispersion. This study aims to investigate the impact of surfactant addition on the dispersion of salam leaf extract antioxidants in soybean oil based on iodine value and free fatty acids. The research involved extracting salam leaves and determining the best formulation with a combination of salam leaf extract and sorbitan monooleate surfactant based on antioxidant activity. The best formulation was then blended into soybean oil, which was subsequently heated discontinuously for 12 hours. The results indicated that the treatment observed based on its antioxidant activity is 0.8% salam leaf extract and 1% Sorbitan monooleate surfactant with IC50 antioxidant activity of 105.4712 ppm and which belongs to the medium category. The analysis were then performed for this treatment in heating I to heating IV iodine number (102.95gI2/100g, 102.38gI2/100g, 102.14gI2/100g, and 101.23gI2/100g respectively) and the free fatty acid (0.0633%, 0.0652%, 0.1163%, and 0.1743%, respectively). The effectiveness of salam leaf extract based on iodine number, peroxide number, and free fatty acid parameters showed that the treatment with the addition of salam leaf extract combined with sorbitan monooleate surfactant gave better results than without the addition of sorbitan monooleate surfactant.
Flavour Characteristics and Amino Acid Contents of Fish Sauce Produced from Various Raw Materials: Mini Review
Authors: Miftahul Ilmi Rismayani , Mariati Thamrin Nani , Hasizah Andi
Published: March 2024

Fish sauce is a typical seasoning used in various cuisines, especially in several Asian regions such as Japan, Korea, Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam, and Malaysia. Fish sauce is a thick liquid produced through the fermentation process of raw seafood materials. This product imparts a distinct savoury and salty taste and a unique aroma and flavour to food products. Many types of fish sauce are produced from various seafood products such as fish, shrimp, squid, clams, or a combination of these seafood types. Each type of raw material yields fish sauce with different aromas, tastes, and nutritional contents. This review covers the types of raw materials used in fish sauce production and the taste and aroma characteristics of the resulting fish sauces. The raw materials covered in this article include anchovies, tuna, sardines, mackerel, shrimp, squid, and clams. Furthermore, the fermentation methods used in producing fish sauce from each of these materials will also be presented, along with each fish sauce variety's dominant amino acid content.
Review: Utilization of Mushrooms, Fish and Chicken as a Source of Natural Flavoring in Foods
Authors: Jannah Ikhwatul , M Meta , Dirpan Andi
Published: March 2024

Flavoring spices play an important role in the culinary world by enhancing the taste, aroma, and color of food. Generally, the flavorings used are synthetic flavorings that are not derived from nature but from chemical processes, while natural flavorings derived from animals and plants are very less used. There are many types of animal and vegetable raw materials such as mushrooms, fish and chicken that can be used as flavorings. Each type of raw material has a different flavor, aroma, texture and nutritional content. The purpose of writing this article is to enrich information about various types of natural seasonings and help consumers choose flavorings that suit their tastes and nutritional needs. Mushroom-based flavorings provide a delicious taste with a distinctive natural aroma, while fish-based ingredients provide a unique touch of flavor and chicken-based ingredients provide a deep savory taste. Mushroom, fish and chicken-based flavorings have amino acid components, especially high glutamic acid, which can provide umami flavor to dishes and be used as a natural flavoring. Processing with various conventional, enzymatic and fumigation extractions has potential as a natural flavoring processing method. The use of mushrooms, fish and chicken can reduce dependence on the use of synthetic flavorings.
The Effect of Green Coconut Water on Primary Dysmenorrhoea in Adolescent Women
Authors: Fitriani Wina , Arifuddin Sharvianty , Ariyandy Andi , Kadar Kusrini , Saleh Ariyanti , Idris Irfan
Published: March 2024

Coconut water green is a healthy drink, it contains vitamin C, calcium, and magnesium, which can reduce tension muscles, and is a functional anti-inflammatory to lower painful menstruation. To know the effect of coconut water green on Primary dysmenorrhea in adolescent daughters. Research design This usesquasi-experiment pretest posttest, and retrieval sample using the technique ofpurposive samplingof as many as 30 respondents. data is collected using a questionnaire. A Numerical rating scale (NRS) is used before and after a given intervention. and analyzed using theWilcoxon signed-ranktest. Show that happen decline scale painful menstruation after consuming coconut water with a value (P<0.000). There is an effect of giving coconut water green to decline painful Primary dysmenorrhea in adolescent daughters. Recommended to a teenage daughter who experiences pain at times menstruation for consuming coconut water green.
The Effect of Packaging Type on The Shelf Life of Fresh Bread Premix Flour Based on Modified Flour
Authors: Linra Julyanti Wa Ode , Suzanna Duka Febby , Nur Faidah Rahman Andi , Primi Putri Tuflikha
Published: March 2024

Ready-to-use flour products or premixes consist of several components of flour ingredients that are put together. This study aims to determine the quality of the effect of packaging type on the shelf life of the resulting premix flour. This study used modified rice, namely pre-cooked rice and germinated rice. The results showed that after the premix flour storage test, the shelf life of fresh bread premix flour stored using PP (Polypropylene) packaging at RH 65, 70, 75, and 80% was 0.6 years. While the product stored using HDPE (high-density polyethylene) packaging was 0.4 years at RH 65, 70, 75, and 80%. Meanwhile, white bread premix flour that uses aluminium foil packaging at the same RH, which is 65-80%, has a shelf life of 3.2 years. This is because the higher the RH of storage, the greater the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the packaging. The greater the difference in air pressure outside and inside the package, the greater the increase in the rate of diffusion of water vapor from the environment to the food product. This study shows that 65% RH is ideal for storing white bread premix flour because it has a longer shelf life.
A Review of different Honey from Indonesia and Malaysia
Authors: Usman Andi Nilawati , Fendi Fendi , Ahmad Mardiana , Budiaman Budiaman , Sartini Sartini , Nulandari Zafitri , Agustin Dinah Inrawati , Munjiyah Nur
Published: March 2024

Indonesia and Malaysia share contiguous territories and are renowned for their honey production. In addition, they possess extensively published studies on honey. This study aims to present a comprehensive analysis of the many types of honey found in Indonesia and Malaysia, as well as their health-promoting components. The employed methodology entails conducting a comprehensive review of both primary and secondary literature. The literature search employed online tools, including NCBI-PubMed, Google Scholar, and Elsevier. Indonesia and Malaysia share similar species of bees, including Apis Dorsata, Apis Mellifera, Apis Trigona, and Apis Cerana. The phenolics and antioxidants have garnered the most focus among the components. Notable health advantages encompass the facilitation of diabetic wound healing, enhancement of reproductive health, and promotion of mental well-being.
Study of Making Steamed Brownies Premix Flour Made From Mung Beans Flour (Vigna radiata) and Pumpkin Flour (Cucurbita moschata)
Authors: Rosfitasari Evi , Tahir Mulyati M.
Published: March 2024

Brownies are food products that have a distinctive sweet chocolate taste with a soft texture. Brownies are generally loved by people from all walks of life, from children to adults, so they can be developed into highly nutritious products. By adding local vegetables such as mung beans and pumpkin, the aim was to use raw materials to diversify products and improve the nutritional value of products. This study aimed to determine the best formulation and nutritional profile of steamed brownie premix flour that uses mung bean flour and pumpkin flour. The research method employed five treatments followed by tests, known as sensory tests, including color, aroma, taste, and texture. The best treatments obtained will be tested for ash, water, protein fat fiber, and carbohydrate content. The nutritional content of formulated brownies flour were A0 treatment (Protein 14.49%, Fat 18.94%, Carbohydrates 41.16%, Fiber 24.86%), A2 (Protein 15.54%, Fat 22.50%, Carbohydrates 33.11%, Fiber 28.87%), and A3 (Protein 17.99%, Fat 24.59, Carbohydrates 28.55%, Fiber 30.88%). The best formulation for a steamed brownie premix using mung bean flour and pumpkin flour, namely, A2 treatment (40% wheat flour: 30% mung bean flour: 30% pumpkin flour).
Application of Activated Carbon from Cocoa Pod Husk (Theobroma cacao L.) in Used Cooking Oil
Authors: Arman Arman , Sukmawati Arifin Arfina , Hasizah Mochtar Andi , Irsaulul Nurhisna Nandita
Published: March 2024

One method for purifying used cooking oil is to utilize activated carbon derived from cocoa pod husk. Cocoa pod husk contains high cellulose, allowing it to be an absorbent material that can reduce moisture content, free fatty acids, and peroxide value in used cooking oil. This study aims to (1) determine the effect of concentration and adsorption time of cocoa pod husk activated carbon on moisture content, free fatty acids, and peroxide value of used cooking oil and (2) determine the best concentration and adsorption time of cocoa pod husk activated carbon. This study used a randomized complete factorial design consisting of two factors: concentration of cocoa pod husk activated carbon: 5%, 10%, and 15% and adsorption time: 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. The results after refining using cocoa pod husk activated carbon, the moisture content dropped to 0.07%-0.28%, free fatty acid content dropped to 0.79%-1.42%, and peroxide value dropped to 32.20-32.53meq/kg. The best treatment obtained was a concentration of 15% of cocoa husk activated carbon with an adsorption time of 120 minutes, which produced used cooking oil with a moisture content of 0.08%, free fatty acids of 0.79%, and peroxide value of 32.20meq/kg.
Effect of packaging type on the quality of red ginger soft-candy
Authors: Nita Nita , Rahmayanti Ramli Andi , Tri Hadi Wibowo Budiardjo Giovanni , Muhpidah Muhpidah
Published: March 2024

Red ginger is a rhizome containing polyphenols, curcumin, polysaccharides, essential oils, gingerol, and shogaol, known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The numerous advantages of red ginger have led to its expanded use, leading to the availability of several processed red ginger products in the market, such as red ginger. Research on how packaging, temperature, and storage duration impact the quality of red ginger jelly sweets is still limited. This study investigates how packaging type affects the quality of red ginger jelly sweets during preservation. The experiment entailed storing red ginger jelly sweets in different packaging and analyzing the subsequent quality alterations. The research findings indicate that the quality of red ginger jelly candy led to higher water content, total acid, reduced sugar content, and total microorganisms. The pH, texture, antioxidant activity, and sensory qualities of red ginger jelly sweets all decreased. The research findings indicate that the most effective packing material is polypropylene plastic which inhibits the rate of deterioration of moisture, texture, and reducing sugar of red ginger jelly candy.
Analysis of Meat Microbial Contamination on the Beef Supply Chain in Makassar City
Authors: Riswandi Riswandi , Malaka Ratmawati , Ali Hikmah. M.
Published: March 2024

The source of bacterial contamination begins when the animal is slaughtered until the meat is consumed. Slaughterhouses (RPH), slaughterhouses (TPH) and traditional markets are the greatest possibility for meat to be contaminated with bacteria. The research began by taking samples of fresh beef purchased from the Makassar City Slaughterhouse (RPH), Slaughterhouse (TPH) and sales stalls in the market. The meat samples that were obtained were then tested for TPC, Escherchia coli, Salmonella sp, pH, meat color and water holding capacity at the UPT Laboratory for Quality Testing of Livestock Products at the South Sulawesi Province Animal Husbandry and Animal Health Service. It was concluded that there was e-coli microbial contamination in beef originating from RPH and TPH, salmonella showed negative results and the total plate count (TPC) was still within normal limits for microbial contamination and there was an influence of handling meat originating from RPH in the meat supply chain on meat quality of food products of animal origin.
Post-harvest handling of sago and the sustainability of the processed results
Authors: Dewayani Wanti , Mahendradatta Meta , Laga Amran
Published: March 2024

One of the problems faced in the sago production process is the low yield of the results of processing sago pith into sago. It is estimated that around 6 million tonnes of dry starch is wasted because it cannot be recovered in processing. The low production of sago is because most of the sago processing completed by the community uses traditional methods where only minimal equipment is used. Hence, processing sago which is completed simply feels more difficult. The article aims to describe the potential of sago in Indonesia, and some efforts to raise sago production are to carry out cultivation as recommended and many issues about sago. Meanwhile, to raise the use of sago is to increase the number of sago-based food products, both traditional and conventional, with various innovations. It also promotes sago as a staple food, healthy snack, or wheat-based substitute food to the Indonesian people.
Shelf-life prediction of sago flour (Metroxylon sagu Rottb) in polyethylene packaging
Authors: Adil Suciati , Muhidong Junaedi , Yumeina Diyah
Published: March 2024

Sago is one of the local foods in Indonesia which is very rich in carbohydrates. This food product has been used as an alternative staple food in various regions. Sago can usually be found on the market in the form of packaged flour. Each type of packaging will of course have a different effect on the shelf life. This research was conducted to determine how long the shelf life of sago flour is packaged in polyethylene packaging with various thicknesses, namely 0.03, 0.05, and 0.08 mm. Estimation of shelf life was carried out using the Labuza approach by utilizing information from the sago starch isotherm sorption curve. Sago flour is packaged using polyethylene packaging and placed in a room with RH of 60, 70 and 80%, and at a temperature of 30 and 40 ℃. The shelf-life prediction based on this Labuza approach showed that the product in polyethylene packaging with a thickness of 0.08 mm had the longest shelf-life. The thicker the packaging, the longer the shelf-life of sago flour, which was caused by the lower permeability value of packaging. This finding supports the fact that the permeability value of packaging is inversely proportional to the packaging thickness.
Analysis of Physcho-Chemical Changes and Mechanical Damage of Tomato (Licopersicum Esculentum L.) During the Transportation
Authors: Susanti Susi , Yumeina Diyah
Published: March 2024

Quality analysis on tomatoes must always be done to maintain the shelf life and physical, chemical and mechanical damage of a product. However, generally the initial damage to tomatoes occurs in the post-harvest handling process during the transportation of tomatoes for distribution to marketing areas. Damage often occurs due to the distribution process with improper selection of packaging containers. This study aims to analyze the physical, chemical and mechanical changes due to the transportation process of various types of packaging during the distribution of tomato fruit so that it can be known which type of packaging container is able to maintain the quality of tomato fruit during the distribution process. This research method uses three treatments, namely tomatoes packed in plastic bags, wooden boxes and styrofoam during the transportation process. Data analysis was carried out by measuring parameters, namely weight loss, color, percentage of defects and total soluble solids. Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that the type of wooden box packaging has the most changes in weight shrinkage, mechanical damage, and Total Soluble Solid (TSS) and styrofoam packaging can minimize the occurrence of weight shrinkage, mechanical damage and Total Soluble Solid (TSS).
Designing and Static Performance Testing of Auger Type Fertilizer Metering Device with PID Control
Authors: Azis Abdul , Rumaropen Gayus , de Jesus Arcanjo
Published: March 2024

The rapid development of technology has brought a positive impact on the agricultural sector, primarily through the concept of precision agriculture. Precision fertilization is critical to improving agricultural quality and productivity by adapting the right actions to the right place at the right Time according to land variability. One approach that is considered successful is fertilization based on nutrient adequacy levels, which can provide optimal fertilization recommendations. The purpose of this study is to obtain an auger-type variable rate mating device that can control the dose of granular fertilizer. The results showed that the variable rate metering device auger type that had been tested could work quite well in controlling the dose of granular fertilizer. This can be seen from the static calibration of the auger-type metering device producing a linear correlation of each motor with a correlation equation y = 0.0041x – 0.025 with a coefficient of determination R2 = 0.9543 and the results of testing stair step response and step response both without fertilizer and with fertilizer show that the system can follow the set point commands given.
Arthropods Diversity in Insectary Plant on Cocoa Cultivation Ecosystems
Authors: Muhtar Muhtar , Sjam Sylvia , Sartika Dewi Vien , Rosmana Ade
Published: March 2024

The purpose of this research to determine the population abundance and arthropod diversity on insectary plants that are among the cocoa plantation ecosystems. The research was conducted on five types of insectary plants which were used as objects for observing arthropods, that is; H.annuus L., T.erecta L., Z.elegans Jaqc., G.globose L. and C.argentea. Arthropod observations were carried out using three methods the results of which were identified and then the Shannon-Wiener species diversity index (H'). The results showed that the total abundance of arthropods in the five types of insectary plants was 374 individuals with the highest total arthropods being found in T.erecta with 118 individuals, followed by H.annuus 79 individuals, C.argentea purple 70 individuals, Z.elegans 55 individuals, and the lowest in 52 individual G.globose. The number of arthropods found was 98 individuals acting as pollinators, 111 individuals predators, 53 individuals decomposers, 9 individuals parasitoids, 96 individuals pests and 7 individuals as neutral insects from 10 orders, 34 families and 51 species. The species diversity index (H') value for all types of insectary plants is included in the moderate category with a value of 1.0  3.322 which means sufficient productivity, balanced ecosystem conditions and moderate ecological pressure.
Biocontrol Potential of Rhizosphere Fungi Against Pyricularia Oryzae in Ciherang Rice Variety
Authors: Syatrawati Syatrawati , Kuswinanti Tutik , Nasruddin Andi. , Rosmana Ade , Hamdayanti Hamdayanti
Published: March 2024

Blast disease is an important disease of rice caused by Pyricularia oryzae. The use of antagonistic fungi from the rhizosphere of rice plants has the potential to control plant pathogens. One of them is from the genus Aspergillus. This research aims to test the ability of Aspergillus genus fungi in suppressing the intensity of P. oryzae attack on ciherang rice varieties. The research methods were isolation and identification of rhizosphere fungi, propagation of P. oryzae, antagonistic test of rhizosphere fungi against P. oryzae in vivo, and reisolation of fungi from rice plant tissues. This research used a completely randomised design (CRD) consisting of 9 treatments and 3 replications. Data obtained from this research were statistically analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's honest significant difference test at the 5% level The results showed that Aspergillus sp1 and Aspergillus sp2 fungi could significantly reduce the intensity of blast disease attack caused by P. oryzae isolates from Moncongloe and Simbang regions..
Growth and yield of four accessions of North Maluku local sweet potato in three different locations
Authors: Suwitono Bayu , Cahyaningrum Hermawati , Heru Hendaru Indra , Hidayat Yayat , Assagaf Muhammad
Published: March 2024

The accession of North Maluku sweet potato is quite a lot and has the opportunity to be developed as a local national variety. The aim of the study was to obtain local North Maluku sweet potato accessions which had good growth and production and were adaptive in various locations. The research was conducted in three locations, namely East Halmahera, West Halmahera, and Tidore Islands from March to July 2016 using a randomized block design, consisting of 4 accessions of local sweet potato (Halteng-1, Halteng-2, Halut-1, and Halut-4), repeated 5 times. The results showed that the vegetative growth of the four accessions differed in each location. The difference lies in the length of the stem, stem diameter, number of leaves, and the length of the petiole. In the yield component, the difference is in the weight and length of the tubers. The four sweet potato accessions are not stable yet planted in various agro-ecologies.
Diversification in Seaweed Processing Cooperative Businesses: A Study of Products and Services Varieties
Authors: Busthanul Nurbaya , Diansari Pipi , Bassar Demmalino Eymal , Made Viantika Ni , Asfar Muhammad , Alimuddin  , Nurliani  , Syafiuddin Mahsyur , Hardiyanti Syam Siti , Rahmawati Nabilah , Sabaniah Hani , Istianingsih Vita
Published: March 2024

This study aims to investigate the business diversification undertaken by seaweed processing cooperatives and analyze the variety of products and services offered. This study used a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and participatory observation to collect data from seaweed processing cooperatives, namely the Utari Seaweed Cooperative (KRLU), which operates in various coastal areas of Bulukumba Regency. The results showed that seaweed processing cooperatives have successfully diversified their businesses to optimize the potential of their seaweed resources. This business diversification includes processing seaweed into various products such as processed foods. The cooperative also offers services such as educational tours, where people can learn about seaweed cultivation and processing. This diversification of businesses and services has provided economic and social benefits to the cooperative and local communities. The study concludes that the business diversification of the KRLU cooperative is an effective strategy for increasing the added value of its products and improving the cooperative's income. Recommendations from this study are to continue to encourage innovation in seaweed processing, increase the capacity of cooperative members through training and mentoring, and expand marketing networks to improve market access.