bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SeisDeNet: an intelligent seismic data Denoising network for the internet of things
Authors: Sang Yu , Peng Yanfei , Lu Mingde , Zhao Chen , Li Liquan , Ma Tianjiao
Published: March 2023

Deep learning (DL) has attracted tremendous interest in various fields in last few years. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) based DL architectures have been successfully applied in computer vision, medical image processing, remote sensing, and many other fields. A recent work has proved that CNNs based models can also be used to handle geophysical problems. Due to noises in seismic signals acquired by geophone equipment this kind of important multimedia resources cannot be effectively utilized in practice. To this end, from the perspective of seismic exploration informatization, this paper takes informatization data in seismic signal acquisition and energy exploration field using cutting-edge technologies such as Internet of things and cloud computing as the research object, presenting a novel CNNs based seismic data denoising (SeisDeNet) architecture is suggested. Firstly, a multi-scale residual dense (MSRD) block is built to leverage the characteristics of seismic data. Then, a deep MSRD network (MSRDN) is proposed to restore the noisy seismic data in a coarse-to-fine manner by using cascading MSRDs. Additionally, the denoising problem is formulated into predicting transform-domain coefficients, by which noises can be further removed by MSRDNs while richer structure details are preserved comparing with the results in spatial domain. By using synthetic seismic records, public SEG and EAGE salt and overthrust seismic model and real field seismic data, the proposed method is qualitatively and quantitatively compared with other leading edge schemes to evaluate it performance, and some results shows that the proposed scheme can produce data with higher quality evaluation while maintaining far more useful data comparing with other schemes. The feasibility of this approach is confirmed by the denoising results, and this approach is shown to be promising in suppressing the seismic noise automatically.
The safety of perioperative dexamethasone with antiemetic dosage in surgical patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Pang Qian-Yun , Wang Jing-Yun , Liang Xiao-Long , Jiang Yan , Liu Hong-Liang
Published: March 2023

Background

Dexamethasone is commonly used for antiemesis in surgical patients. It has been confirmed that long-term steroid use increases blood glucose level in both diabetic and non-diabetic patients, it is unclear how a single dose of intravenous dexamethasone used pre/intraoperatively for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) prophylaxis would influence the blood glucose and wound healing in diabetic patients.

Methods

The Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science databases, CNKI and Google Scholar were searched. The articles reporting a single dose dexamethasone administered intravenously for antiemesis in surgical patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) were included.

Results

Nine randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and 7 cohort studies were included in our meta-analysis. The results showed that dexamethasone increased glucose level intraoperatively (MD: 0.439, 95% CI: 0.137–0.581, I2 = 55.7%, P = 0.004), at the end of surgery (MD: 0.815, 95% CI: 0.563–1.067, I2 = 73.5%, P = 0.000), on postoperative day (POD) 1 (MD: 1.087, 95% CI: 0.534–1.640, I2 = 88%, P = 0.000), on POD 2 (MD: 0.501, 95% CI: 0.301–0.701, I2 = 0%, P = 0.000), and increased peak glucose level within 24 hours of surgery (MD: 2.014, 95% CI: 0.503–3.525, I2 = 91.6%, P = 0.009) compared with control. It indicated that dexamethasone caused the increase of perioperative glucose level at different time points by 0.439 to 1.087 mmol/L (7.902 to 19.566 mg/dL), and the increase of peak glucose level within 24 hours of surgery by 2.014 mmol/L (36.252 mg/dL) compared with control. Dexmethasone had no impact on wound infection (OR: 0.797, 95%CI: 0.578–1.099, I2 = 0%, P = 0.166) and healing (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

Dexamethasone could increase blood glucose by only 2.014 mmol/L (36.252 mg/dL) of peak glucose level within 24 hours of surgery in surgery patients with DM, the increase of glucose level at each time point perioperatively was even lower, and had no effect on wound healing. Thus, dexamethasone with a single dose could be safely used for PONV prophylaxis in diabetic patients.

Trial registration

The protocol of this systematic review was registered in INPLASY with the registration number INPLASY202270002.
Segmentation characteristics of deep, low-frequency tremors in Shikoku, Japan using machine learning approaches
Authors: Chen Kate Huihsuan , Chiu Hao-Yu , Obara Kazushige , Liu Yi-Hung
Published: March 2023

Shikoku island, southwestern Japan lies in the western Nankai Trough and showcases along-strike segmentation of slow earthquake behavior. Whether the spatial variation of tremor behavior reflects the regional differences in structure/source properties and how much such differences can be recognized by the seismic signals themselves are two questions addressed in this paper. Taking advantage of advanced methods in recognizing and classifying signals using machine learning approaches, we attempt to answer them by conducting signal classification experiments in Shikoku. Based on the tremor catalog from 1 June 2014 to 31 March 2015, the tremors recorded in four different areas were treated as different classes and segmented into 60-s-long signals. The number of tremors in four different areas (A to D, from west to east) reached 15,000, 31,000, 10,000, and 16,000, respectively. To efficiently distinguish between tremors from different areas, we applied ak-nearest neighbor (k-NN) classifier with Fisher’s class separability criteria to select the optimal feature subset. The resulting classification performance reached more than 90% at all 12 stations. We further designed a triangle test to select the features that can better represent the differences in source properties between areas. We found that the most efficient features were associated with (1) the number of peaks in the temporal evolution of discrete Fourier transforms and (2) the energy distribution in the autocorrelation function (ACF). To match the difference in behavior revealed by the ACF, the size of the tremor zone, which mainly controls how long the seismic energy lasts in a tremor episode, was determined to be largest in Area B and smallest in Area C. The heterogeneity of the asperities in a tremor zone, which may control how spiky the tremor signals developed over time, was determined to be strong in Areas B and C. Together with previously documented variations in slow earthquake behavior in the same area, we finally propose a conceptual model that provides a better understanding of the regional differences in the tremor source properties in Shikoku, Japan.

Graphical Abstract
Challenges and opportunities for expatriate faculty teaching graduation seminar classes in Japanese universities
Authors: Hawkes Martin , Adamson Calum
Published: March 2023

This paper considers the issues facing expatriate instructors teaching English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) graduation seminars (commonly known as the “zemi” in Japan) in Japanese universities and aims to establish better conditions to build Communities of Practice. Since the term “graduation seminar” is widely used globally, and might lead to preconceptions from readers, zemi is the term that will be used in this paper as a common example of Japanese English. This class is one that typically involves aspects of academic mentoring, pastoral care and socialization that differentiate it from regular classes. Lacking any personal experience of the zemi, teachers educated overseas are likely to have different expectations of the system than their domestic colleagues and students, creating a significant challenge in how they design and implement programmes. To investigate these issues, 14 semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with expatriate teachers of EMI zemis. Common themes described by informants included difficulties in creating a cohesive syllabus with limited support, challenges posed by thesis supervision, and mixed feelings towards mentoring and pastoral care. The data also revealed unique opportunities afforded to foreign instructors of these classes, which were unlikely to be available if they had not been entrusted with teaching a zemi. This paper seeks to fill a gap in the literature and provide insights into how foreign instructors experience the zemi. The knowledge gained can be employed to help develop Communities of Practice for such teachers. It is also hoped it will be of significance to those interested in comparative education, faculty asked to teach within educational systems of which they do not have personal experience, and anyone who works with Japanese learners, either in Japan or as international students.
GET FIT: A Randomized Clinical Trial of Tai Ji Quan Versus Strength Training for Fall Prevention After Chemotherapy in Older, Postmenopausal Women Cancer Survivors
Authors: Winters-Stone Kerri M. , Horak Fay , Dieckmann Nathan F. , Luoh Shiuh-Wen , Eckstrom Elizabeth , Stoyles Sydnee A. , Roeland Eric J. , Li Fuzhong
Published: March 2023

PURPOSE

To compare the efficacy of tai ji quan versus strength training to prevent falls after chemotherapy in older, postmenopaual women.

METHODS

We conducted a three-arm, single-blind, randomized controlled trial where older (50+ years), postmenopausal women cancer survivors participated in one of three supervised group exercise programs (tai ji quan, strength training, or stretching control) twice weekly for 6 months and were followed up 6 months after training stopped. The primary outcome was the incidence of falls. Secondary outcomes included fall-related injuries, leg strength (1 repetition maximum; kg), and balance (sensory organization [equilibrium score] and limits of stability [LOS; %] tests).

RESULTS

Four hundred sixty-two women were enrolled (mean age, 62 ± 6.3 years). Retention was 93%, and adherence averaged 72.9%. In primary analysis, there was no difference in the incidence of falls between groups after 6 months of training, nor during 6-month follow-up. A post hoc analysis detected a significantly reduced incidence of fall-related injuries within the tai ji quan group over the first 6 months, dropping from 4.3 falls per 100 person-months (95% CI, 2.9 to 5.6) at baseline to 2.4 falls per person-months (95% CI, 1.2 to 3.5). No significant changes occurred during 6-month follow-up. Over the intervention period, leg strength significantly improved in the strength group and balance (LOS) improved in the tai ji quan group, compared with controls ( P < .05).

CONCLUSION

We found no significant reduction in falls for tai ji quan or strength training relative to stretching control in postmenopausal women treated with chemotherapy.
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry–based Metabolic Profiling of Adult Growth Hormone Deficiency
Authors: Yang Hongbo , Chen Meiping , Wang Yujie , Jiang Lingjuan , Wang Linjie , Duan Lian , Gong Fengying , Zhu Huijuan , Pan Hui
Published: March 2023

Context

Patients with adult growth hormone deficiency (AGHD) are at increased risk of metabolic syndrome. Metabolic profiles in AGHD patients have been insufficiently evaluated.

Objective

This work aims to explore serum metabolite profiles by metabolomics analysis and assess potential metabolites associated with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) treatment.

Methods

Thirty-one AGHD patients and 31 healthy controls were enrolled. Untargeted ultra-performance liquid chromatography–coupled mass spectroscopy was conducted in all patients and controls at baseline and during 12 months of rhGH treatment in 11 AGHD patients. Data were processed by principal component analysis, variable importance in projection scoring, orthogonal partial least squares–discriminant analysis, and MetaboAnalyst 5.0. We further explored the associations between metabolites and clinical parameters.

Results

Metabolomics indicated a distinct metabolic pattern between AGHD patients and healthy controls. The perturbed pathways mainly include the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, sphingolipid metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, fatty acid elongation, degradation, and biosynthesis. rhGH treatment increased the levels of specific glycerophospholipids compounds and reduced fatty acid ester compounds. Significant correlations existed between the 40 identified metabolites and insulin-like growth factor-1 SD score (IGF-1 SDS), body composition, and glucose and lipid metabolism plasma markers. During rhGH treatment, there was a statistically significant negative correlation between deoxycholic acid glycine conjugate and waist-to-hip ratio, while a statistically significant positive correlation existed between decanoylcarnitine and serum low-density lipoprotein levels.

Conclusion

AGHD patients have unique metabolomic profiles. rhGH treatment alters the serum levels of several fatty acid compounds/amino acids, which may contribute to the improvement of metabolic status in AGHD patients.
Ecologies, One and All
Authors: Rademacher Anne , Cadenasso Mary L. , Pickett Steward T. A.
Published: March 2023

This essay considers ecology in its singular and plural forms. It asks whether and how the knowledge forms generated by practitioners of the singular science of ecology might weave more fully into a robust plural analytic that is grounded in the acknowledgment of multiple ways of knowing, experiencing, and attributing meaning to consequential connections between the human and the more-than-human world. Although Western science, with singular ecology as one of its many descendants, leaves an undeniable imprint, the essay aims to ask whether the contemporary, lived life of ecological science as postpositivist practice might be working in ways that, while imperfect, may be more legible and shared with scholars in the environmental humanities than is usually noted. It describes the knowledge base of the singular science of ecology, which in contemporary theory and practice consists of collections of disparate, complementary, or contradictory models—ecologies—in the plural, thus holding generality and infinite particularity in constant dialogue. The authors, two natural scientists and one social scientist, aim to provoke fresh discussions about the ways ecological analytics circulate in contemporary research and scholarly practice. The authors’ goal is to further the essential work of more direct and clear conversation, translation, and mutual learning between scholars in the environmental humanities and biophysical ecology. They hold this to be essential as transdisciplinary initiatives endeavor to study, and better understand, how social and environmental change coproduce one another.
Personel kancelarii księcia Bernarda świdnickiego (1307-1326)
Authors: Zawadzki Tomasz
Published: March 2023

Artykuł poświęcony jest pracownikom zatrudnionym w kancelarii Bernarda świdnickiego. Zestawiono wszystkich kancelistów tego księcia, odwołując się także do analizy paleograficznej zachowanych oryginalnych dokumentów.
On a Flexible Car Use Restriction Policy: Theory and Experiment
Authors: Jiang Rui , Han Xiao , Sun Xiao-Yan , Sun Kai-Jia , Wang Wen-Xu , Zhang H. M. , Zhang Bo-Yu , Gao Zi-You
Published: March 2023

Car use restrictions have been adopted in some mega cities that experience rapid car ownership increase and worsening traffic congestion. Although easy to implement and considered fair, most implementations of this travel demand management policy do not offer travelers the flexibility to choose the days that they cannot use their cars. In this paper, we study a flexible car use restriction policy under which a private car cannot be driven on a certain day of a week, but the day can be chosen by its owner. Under this flexible policy, individuals face a dilemma between driving in congestion and traveling without a car, each incurring a cost of its own. The resulting equilibrium solutions under these two competing choices were derived, and a series of laboratory experiments were carried out to validate the theoretical results. The experimental results are found to be in agreement with the theoretical results. Moreover, our analysis shows that the flexible car use restriction policy reduces the average travel cost with a lesser increase in average driving cost when compared with the traditional car use restriction policy.

Funding: Z.-Y. Gao was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 71621001]. W.-X. Wang was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 71631002]. R. Jiang was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 71931002]. X.-Y. Sun was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 71961002]. B.-Y. Zhang was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 71922004 and 72131003]. X. Han was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 71801011] and by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [Grant 2018M631331].

Supplemental Material: The e-companion is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2023.1200 .
Epipericardial fat necrosis
Authors: Otaka Yumi , Harada Yukinori , Kawamura Ren , Shimizu Taro
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Epipericardial fat necrosis (EFN) is a relatively rare benign disease that causes acute chest pain. Case Description: A woman in her 20s presented with acute left shoulder and epigastric pain. One day before presentation, she had visited a cardiologist and an acute coronary syndrome had been ruled out. The pain worsened with deep inspiration. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed a soft-tissue attenuation lesion containing a fatty centre located in the epipericardial fat at the left cardiophrenic angle. Hence, EFN was diagnosed and the pain was resolved with loxoprofen. The lesion had disappeared on a follow-up chest CT scan. Discussion: EFN is a rare benign disease that causes acute chest pain. Approximately 70–90% of EFN cases are misdiagnosed by clinicians as other diseases. Conclusion: In patients with acute chest pain, the correct diagnosis of EFN avoids unnecessary invasive investigations and reassures patients.
Vladimir Propp’un Yapısal Çözümleme Yöntemi Üzerinden Kızılırmak Karakoyun Filminin İncelenmesi
Authors: AKDEMİR DİLEK Buket
Published: March 2023

Anlatı kavramı Batı tarafından uzun yıllar tartışılan, üzerine düşünülen ve çalışılan bir alan olmuştur. İçerisinde anlatı barındıran metinlerin belirli bir çizgide incelenmesi ve bunun paralelinde bilimlerin ve çalışmaların ortaya çıkmasını amaçlayan bir disiplindir. Anlatı kavramı içerisinde birçok sanat dalı barındırmaktadır. Bu kavram; sözlü sanattan, yazılı sanata devamında görsel sanatlara kadar kendine yer bulmuştur. Anlatı tarzı gelişen teknolojiler ve toplumsal yapı paralelinde değişime uğrayabilmektedir. Aracı olan araç değişmiş olsa bile anlatının özelliği değişmemektedir. Vladimır Propp’un Rus masallar üzerine yaptığı biçimbilimsel yaklaşım olan yapısal çözümleme yöntemi bugün sinema sanatında karşımıza çıkmaktadır.

Bu çalışmada, Vladımır Propp’un masal çözümleme metodu olarak adlandırılan yapısal çözümleme yöntemini Lütfi Ömer Akad yönetmenliğinde çekilen Kızılırmak Karakoyu filmi üzerinde uygulanmıştır. Propp bu çalışmayı olağanüstü masallar üzerine gerçekleştirmiş olsa da anlatı yapısının sunduğu imkânlar doğrultusunda displinlerarası olarak bu yöntemi sinemada uygulamak mümkündür. Özellikle hikâyesini efsanelere, mitlere dayandıran sinema filmleri için bu çözümleme yöntemini kullanmak uygundur. İsmi geçen film, Propp’un Masalın Biçimbilimi adlı kitabında yer verdiği kuram çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Anadolu’da geçen iki farklı efsane olan Kızılırmak efsanesi ile Karakoyun efsanesini bir araya getiren filmin olay dizgisi yapısal çözümleme yönteminin birçok işlevini karşıladığı görülmektedir.

The concept of narrative has been a field that has been discussed, thought about and studied by the West for many years. It is a discipline that aims to examine texts containing narratives in a certain line and to reveal sciences and studies in parallel with this. This concept; It has found a place for itself from oral art to written art and then to visual arts. From oral art to written art, it has found a place for itself in visual art. Narrative style can change in parallel with developing technologies and social structure. The character of the narrative does not change, even if the vehicle that is the mediator has changed. Structural analysis method, which is the morphological approach of Vladimir Propp on Russian fairy tales, appears in the art of cinema today.

In this study, the structural analysis method of Vlamar Propp, called the tale analysis method, was applied on the film Kızılırmak Karakoyu, which was directed by Lütfi Ömer Akad. Although Propp has carried out this work on extraordinary tales, it is possible to apply this method in cinema interdisciplinary in line with the possibilities offered by the narrative structure. The aforementioned film has been analyzed within the framework of the theory that Propp has included in his book Morphology of the Tale. It is seen that the film, which brings together the legend of Kızılırmak and the legend of Karakoyun, which are two different legends in Anatolia, fulfills many functions of the event string structural analysis method.
TGF-β1 derived from macrophages contributes to load-induced tendon-bone healing in the murine rotator cuff repair model by promoting chondrogenesis
Authors: Wang Linfeng , Li Shengcan , Xiao Han , Zhang Tao , Liu Yuqian , Hu Jianzhong , Xu Daqi , Lu Hongbin
Published: March 2023

Aims

It has been established that mechanical stimulation benefits tendon-bone (T-B) healing, and macrophage phenotype can be regulated by mechanical cues; moreover, the interaction between macrophages and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) plays a fundamental role in tissue repair. This study aimed to investigate the role of macrophage-mediated MSC chondrogenesis in load-induced T-B healing in depth.

Methods

C57BL/6 mice rotator cuff (RC) repair model was established to explore the effects of mechanical stimulation on macrophage polarization, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 generation, and MSC chondrogenesis within T-B enthesis by immunofluorescence and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Macrophage depletion was performed by clodronate liposomes, and T-B healing quality was evaluated by histology and biomechanics. In vitro, bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) were stretched with CELLOAD-300 load system and macrophage polarization was identified by flow cytometry and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). MSC chondrogenic differentiation was measured by histochemical analysis and qRT-PCR. ELISA and qRT-PCR were performed to screen the candidate molecules that mediated the pro-chondrogenic function of mechanical stimulated BMDMs.

Results

Mechanical stimulation promoted macrophage M2 polarization in vivo and in vitro. The conditioned media from mechanically stimulated BMDMs (MS-CM) enhanced MSC chondrogenic differentiation, and mechanically stimulated BMDMs generated more TGF-β1. Further, neutralizing TGF-β1 in MS-CM can attenuate its pro-chondrogenic effect. In vivo, mechanical stimulation promoted TGF-β1 generation, MSC chondrogenesis, and T-B healing, which were abolished following macrophage depletion.

Conclusion

Macrophages subjected to appropriate mechanical stimulation could polarize toward the M2 phenotype and secrete TGF-β1 to promote MSC chondrogenesis, which subsequently augments T-B healing.

Cite this article:Bone Joint Res 2023;12(3):219–230.
Genicular artery embolization for early-stage knee osteoarthritis: results from a triple-blind single-centre randomized controlled trial
Authors: Landers Steve , Hely Rachael , Hely Andrew , Harrison Benjamin , Page Richard S. , Maister Nick , Gwini Stella M. , Gill Stephen D.
Published: March 2023

Aims

This study investigated the effects of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) on pain, function, and quality of life in people with early-stage symptomatic knee osteoarthritis (OA) compared to a sham procedure.

Methods

A total of 59 participants with symptomatic Kellgren-Lawrence grade 2 knee OA were randomly allocated to TAE or a sham procedure. The intervention group underwent TAE of one or more genicular arteries. The control group received a blinded sham procedure. The primary outcome was knee pain at 12 months according to the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) pain scale. Secondary outcomes included self-reported function and quality of life (KOOS, EuroQol five-dimension five-level questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L)), self-reported Global Change, six-minute walk test, 30-second chair stand test, and adverse events. Subgroup analyses compared participants who received complete embolization of all genicular arteries (as distinct from embolization of some arteries) (n = 17) with the control group (n = 29) for KOOS and Global Change scores at 12 months. Continuous variables were analyzed with quantile regression, adjusting for baseline scores. Dichotomized variables were analyzed with chi-squared tests.

Results

Overall, 58 participants provided questionnaire data at 12 months. No significant differences were found for the primary and secondary outcomes, with both groups improving following the procedure. At 12 months, KOOS pain scores improved by 41.3% and 29.4% in the intervention and control groups, respectively. No adverse events occurred. Subgroup analysis indicated that the complete embolization group had significantly better KOOS Sports and Recreation, KOOS Quality of Life, and Global Change scores than the control group; 76.5% of participants who received complete embolization reporting being moderately or much better compared to 37.9% of the control group.

Conclusion

TAE might produce benefits above placebo, but only when complete embolization of all genicular arteries is performed. Further comparative studies are required before definitive conclusions regarding the effectiveness of TAE can be made.

Level of evidence: I

Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(3):158–167.
Achievements and perspectives of laser ceramic materials: from pure to mixed oxides
Authors: Pirri Angela , Vannini Matteo , Patrizi Barbara , Toci Guido
Published: March 2023

An excursus on the achievements in transparent ceramics doped with Yb and Tm for diode-pumped solid-state lasers is reported. Future perspectives of ceramics for visible lasers will be discussed.
Erbium-Doped Fluorite-Type Crystals for 2.8 µm Lasers
Authors: Normani Simone , Basyrova Liza , Loiko Pavel , Benayad Abdelmjid , Braud Alain , Dunina Elena , Fomicheva Liudmila , Kornienko Alexey , Hideur Ammar , Camy Patrice
Published: March 2023

Spectroscopy and mid-infrared laser operation of Er3+-doped low-phonon-energy fluorite- type crystals, MF2 (M = Ca, Sr, Ba, Ca/Sr and Ba/Sr) were studied. The Er3+:CaF2 laser generated 702 mW at 2.80 μm with a 37.9% slope efficiency.
Nonlinear Absorption in Lithium Triborate Frequency Converters for High-Power Ultrafast Lasers
Authors: Röcker Christoph , Weinert Pascal , Villeval Philippe , Lupinski Dominique , Delaigue Martin , Hönninger Clemens , Weber Rudolf , Graf Thomas , Ahmed Marwan Abdou
Published: March 2023

We report on measurements of nonlinear absorption in lithium triborate (LBO) under realistic operation conditions for frequency doubling and frequency tripling of a kW-average power sub-picosecond Yb:YAG laser by thermographic imaging.
Absolute measurement of the second-order nonlinear-optical coefficients of LaBGeO5 at 266 nm second-harmonic wavelength
Authors: Shoji Ichiro , Yamanobe Masaki , Tanaka Ryoichi , Hirayama Naoya
Published: March 2023

We make absolute measurements of the second-order nonlinear-optical coefficients of LaBGeO5 at the fundamental wavelength of 532 nm using the wedge technique. The obtained values, d11 = 0.55, d22 = 1.41, d33 = 1.15, d31 = d32 = 0.75 pm/V, are inconsistent with previous measurements at 1064 nm.
Tailoring Broadband Emission Properties of Tm3+-Doped Solid-Solution Sesquioxide Laser Ceramics in the System Y2O3-Lu2O3-Sc2O3
Authors: Eremeev Kirill , Loiko Pavel , Balabanov Stanislav , Evstropov Timofey , Permin Dmitry , Postnikova Olga , Camy Patrice , Braud Alain
Published: March 2023

Broadband emission properties of Tm3+-doped parent and binary / ternary solid-solution sesquioxide laser ceramics of the system Y2O3-Lu2O3-Sc2O3 were studied with a goal of developing materials capable of generating ultrashort pulses at ~2 μm.
Fabrication and Characterization of Femtosecond Laser Written Low Loss Depressed Cladding Waveguides in Diamond
Authors: Ince Faik Derya , Morova Yagiz , Yazlar Umut , Sennaroglu Alphan
Published: March 2023

Femtosecond laser writing was employed to fabricate and characterize circular, depressed cladding waveguides in diamond with different dimensions and writing parameters, resulting in waveguides with propagation loss as low as 2.05 dB/cm at 633 nm.
Solid-state Laser Development for in Situ Planetary Lander Instruments
Authors: Fahey M. , Yu A.W. , Stysley P. , Coyle D.B. , Lee J. , Mullin M. , Bolleter M. , Trainer M. , Grubisic A. , Arevalo R. , Sobron P. , Mamakos W.
Published: March 2023

We report on the development of ultraviolet and visible laser sources operating at 213 nm, 266 nm, and 515 nm for laser-enabled mass and Raman spectrometer instruments for future in situ planetary lander missions.
Mid-IR Supercontinuum in Gallium Arsenide Waveguide
Authors: Granger G. , Bailly M. , Delahaye H. , Jimenez C. , Tiliouine I. , Leventoux Y. , Orlianges J.-C. , Couderc V. , Gérard B. , Becheker R. , Idlahcen S. , Godin T. , Hideur A. , Grisard A. , Lallier E. , Février S.
Published: March 2023

We report on mid-infrared supercontinuum generation from 4 to 9 µm in orientation- patterned gallium-arsenide waveguides pumped by nanojoule-class ultrafast fiber lasers.
Spectral Broadening of 2-mJ Femtosecond Pulses in a Compact Multi-pass Cell in Ambient Air
Authors: Omar Alan , Vogel Tim , Hoffmann Martin , Saraceno Clara J.
Published: March 2023

We demonstrate spectral broadening of 2.1-mJ pulses at 100-kHz repetition rate to a spectral bandwidth of 24.5 nm, supporting 133-fs pulses with 96 % efficiency, in a compact multipass cell operated in ambient air.
Expanding the nonlinear limits of CPA-free amplification with helium as atmospheric gas
Authors: Bienert Florian , Loescher André , Röcker Christoph , Graf Thomas , Ahmed Marwan Abdou
Published: March 2023

We present an experimental investigation on the limitations of thin-disk multipass amplifiers by nonlinear effects and how to overcome them by operating the laser system in a helium-rich atmosphere.
Technology Readiness Advancement of the Laser Transmitter for the LISA Mission
Authors: Yu A.W. , Numata K. , Brambora C. , Camp J. , Fahey M. , Feizi A. , Heesh K. , Jiao H. , Konoplev O. , Mullin M. , Merritt S. , Mamakos W. , Marlow S. , Poulios D. , Pruessner P. , Rodriguez M. , Vasilyev A. , Wu S. , Xu X. , Yevick A. , Singh U.
Published: March 2023

We report on the design philosophy, technology readiness level advancement for space application, laser performance verification, and independent assessment of a single frequency, ultra-low noise master oscillator power amplifier laser transmitter for the LISA mission.
New pump scheme for mid-infrared erbium-doped fluoride fiber lasers via ground & excited state absorption
Authors: Zhang Junxiang , Fu Shijie , Sheng Quan , Wang Rui , Zhang Lu , Xia Wenxin , Shi Wei , Yao Jianquan
Published: March 2023

A new pump scheme, pumping erbium-doped fluoride fiber with a singular 1.7 μm laser for efficient 3 μm laser generation, has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated for the first time.
Single-frequency all-fiber amplifier with a record output power of 703 W
Authors: Shi Chaodu , Deng Xun , Fu Shijie , Sheng Quan , Jiang Peiheng , Shi Zheng , Li Yanyan , Shi Wei , Yao Jianquan
Published: March 2023

A single-frequency fiber amplifier at 1064 nm with output power of 703 W was demonstrated in an all-fiber configuration, in which a spectral linewidth of 2 kHz was achieved at the 703-W laser power.
Diode-Pumped Deep-Red (717 nm) Double-Clad Praseodymium Fiber Laser
Authors: Kifle Esrom , Loiko Pavel , Bodin Laurine , Joulain Franck , Berthelot Thibaud , Poulain Samuel , Recoque Gilles , Pau Florence , Georges Thierry , Camy Patrice
Published: March 2023

We report on a deep-red fiber laser delivering 0.71 W at 716.7 nm with a slope efficiency of 9.0%. It is based on a Pr3+-doped ZBLAN double-clad fiber pumped by a 442-nm GaN diode.
Multijoule Yellow Light Pulse Burst Generation by KGW Raman Laser
Authors: Tarasov Aleksandr , Chu Hong
Published: March 2023

Yellow light pulse bursts at 589 nm with duration 10 ms and energy 4.5 J at 1 Hz were generated by KGW Raman laser under pumping by Nd: YAG laser with maximum burst energy 10 J at 532 nm. Raman laser energy significantly exceeds the level, obtained in previously published papers and is limited only by maximum energy of pump laser.
Misalignment-Free Kerr-Lens-Modelocked 2.2-GHz Yb:Y2O3 Oscillator
Authors: Ostapenko Hanna , Feng Ye , Lamour Tobias , McCracken Richard , Mandel Oliver , Weise Dennis , Reid Derryck T.
Published: March 2023

By directly bonding the intracavity and pumping optics onto an aluminum baseplate we demonstrate a misalignment-free Kerr-lens-modelocked, self-starting Yb:Y2O3 oscillator producing 2.185-GHz pulses with 21 mW average power at 500 mW pump power.
“Quasi-static” quasi-phasematched nonlinear nanophotonics: How few photons, how few cycles?
Authors: Fejer Martin
Published: March 2023

Periodically-poled nanophotonic waveguides in thin-film LiNbO3 (TFLN) provide simultaneous dispersion engineering and quasi-phasematching in a highly nonlinear material. Near-zero GVM and GVD enable femtojoule wavemixing, new routes to octave-spanning continua, and hold promise for few-photon NLO.
Verdet constant dispersion of MgF2 in deep-ultraviolet region
Authors: Tamaru Yuki , Kumai Hikaru , Fuchimukai Atsushi , Uehara Hiyori , Miura Taisuke , Yasuhara Ryo
Published: March 2023

The Verdet constant dispersion of MgF2 was evaluated in the wavelength range from 190 nm to 300nm. The Verdet constants were found to be 37.8 rad/Tm at 193nm and 19.5rad/Tm at 248 nm, respectively.
50W Yb:YAG Thin-Disk Picosecond Regenerative Amplifier Operating At 1 KHz
Authors: Nadeau M.-C. , Balcou P. , Descamps D. , Féral C. , Fortin V. , Lhermite J. , Marion D. , Mével E. , Rohm A. , Petit S.
Published: March 2023

We report the development of a 1 kHz-900-fs Yb:YAG thin-disk regenerative amplifier delivering 50 mJ. We discuss how to address thermal issues in Pockels cell to further increase the output energy up to 100 mJ.
χ(3) and χ(5) Effects in Thin Gradient HfO2-Layers
Authors: Zuber David , Kleinert Sven , Tajalli Ayhan , Steinecke Morten , Jupé Marco , Babushkin Ihar , Ristau Detlev , Morgner Uwe
Published: March 2023

The third harmonic generation of a thin gradient HfO2-layer is investigated. By studying the thickness dependent third harmonic, the influence of different linear and nonlinear effects from the layer and the substrate can be investigated.
Intra And Extra-Cavity Beam Shaping For High Power Picosecond Yb-Based Systems
Authors: Fortin Vincent , Nadeau Marie-Christine , Petit Stéphane
Published: March 2023

We present simulations and experimental results on how a beam can be shaped into a flat-top beam by intra-cavity and extra-cavity phase mirrors for efficient high energy and/or high peak power Yb systems.
Waveguide writing in polymers with femtosecond laser
Authors: Perevoznik D. , Morgner U.
Published: March 2023

Writing waveguides with femtosecond laser is a very promising technique and has already proven its performance in glasses and crystals. At the same time, writing waveguides in polymers is a just developing field, and not too much work has been reported so far. Polymer material can offer the potential to create low-cost and complex structures inside the volume of the material. Singlemode waveguides with propagation losses of 0.6 µm are achieved by putting modifications, done by femtosecond laser, around waveguide core forming different geometries.
Comparison of Different Pump Wavelengths for an Er3+-doped ZBLAN Fiber Laser with Ion Clustering
Authors: Jung Junha , Lee Kyungtaek , Lim Geunweon , Lee Ju Han
Published: March 2023

The ion clustering impact on the output performance of an Er3+-doped ZBLAN fiber laser for 790- and 980-nm pumping was investigated. 790-nm is better at low cluster levels, whereas 980-nm is better at higher levels.
Generation of sub 30 ps microjoule level pulses from a free-running Nd:YVO4 laser
Authors: Georgiev Kaloyan , Petrov Lyuben S. , Trifonov Anton , Yankov Georgi , Buchvarov Ivan
Published: March 2023

We report 7 µJ, 27 ps pulse duration obtained from free running of an end-pumped Nd:YVO4 laser. This mode of operation can be realized in a simple two-mirror linear resonator including only the Nd-laser crystal.
Selective Ultrashort-Laser Crystallization of Amorphous Ge/Si Multilayer Stacks
Authors: Bulgakov Alexander V. , Volodin Vladimir A. , Cheng Yuzhu , Levy Yoann , Beránek Jiří , Nagisetty Siva S. , Zukerstein Martin , Popov Alexander A. , Bulgakova Nadezhda M.
Published: March 2023

Germanium nanocrystallites in an amorphous silicon matrix are produced by selective crystallization of a-Ge/Si multilayer stacks using near- and mid-infrared ultrashort-pulse lasers. Several non-ablative annealing regimes are revealed by Raman spectroscopy. Crystallization mechanisms are discussed.
Ultrafast modification of copper properties under femtosecond laser excitation
Authors: Abdelmalek A. , Bedrane Z. , Girolami M. , Kotsedi L. , Amara E.-H. , Maaza M.
Published: March 2023

Optical and thermal properties of copper films under femtosecond laser excitation has been dynamically calculated as a function of time using a two-temperature model coupled with Drude model. Ultrafast changes have been observed when the material is still cold.
Compact femtosecond fiber-based CPA at 2 µm central wavelength
Authors: Gaida Christian , Kumkar Malte , Jansen Frieder , Breitkopf Sven , Herrfurth Oliver , Eidam Tino , Limpert Jens
Published: March 2023

We present our recent progress in developing an innovative compact thulium-based fiber CPA emitting at 2 µm central wavelength based on an industrial-grade platform optimized for long-term operation.
Laser Soldering Based on CW 450 nm Diode Lasers
Authors: Iliev H. , Gorunski N.
Published: March 2023

We demonstrate a laser soldering system based on CW 450 nm, diode laser, with advanced control over the temporal shape of the light pulse that allows heating of the sample with predesigned temperature profile.
Airy Coherent Vortices towards 3D Self-Accelerating Structured Light
Authors: Pan Jing , Shen Yijie , Wang Hao , Liu Qiang
Published: March 2023

We propose and generate a new class of structured light whose wavepackets have 3D inhomogeneous angular velocity evolution with self-accelerating upon both its longitudinal propagation and transverse multilayer rotation akin to multi-orbit galactic kinematics.
Spectrum-narrowed 2-µm source by KTP/PPMgLN-OPO
Authors: Ishizuki Hideki , Taira Takunori
Published: March 2023

Spectrum-narrowed 2-µm OPO was realized by coupled OPO operation of large-aperture PPMgLN and KTP. Spectrum-narrowed 2-µm light generation with maximum output energy of 15.6 mJ at input pumping energy of 47.2 mJ could be realized.
Effect of polarization extinction mismatch on coherent beam combining
Authors: Linslal C. L. , Maji S. , Sooraj M. S. , Sankar V. , Venkitesh D. , Srinivasan B.
Published: March 2023

We have experimentally demonstrated 4 x 300 W coherent beam combining using filled aperture configuration and investigated the effect of polarization extinction ratio mismatch on the beam combining efficiency.
Direct Bonded Tiny Integrated Laser for High Energy Gain Aperture Amplifier System
Authors: Kausas Arvydas , Tsuji Akihiro , Yahia Vincent , Taira Takunori
Published: March 2023

We report on a front-end system for a 2 J amplifier setup. It is comprised of an Nd:YAG/Cr:YAG passively Q-switched oscillator and bonded Sapphire/Nd:YAG amplifier setup with a gain aperture effect, all pumped by intense laser diodes.
Tunable dual-wavelength generation in periodic window using laser dynamics induced by optical feedback effect
Authors: Chen Zhuqiu , Nie Bairun , Ruan Yuxi , Fang Can , Yu Yanguang , Xi Jiangtao , Tong Jun
Published: March 2023

A new scheme for generating dual-wavelength laser source is proposed by using laser dynamics subjected to optical feedback. This method can achieve extremely wide tunable range of dual frequency separation while providing an ease of implementation and simplicity in system configuration.
Blue-Diode-Pumped Alexandrite Laser
Authors: Tawy Goronwy , Dorrzapf Madison , Fang Zhenlin , Damzen Michael J.
Published: March 2023

We report a blue-diode-pumped Alexandrite laser operating at 754nm with 0.5W of output laser power with an optical efficiency of 20%. We provide a comparison of blue-diode-pumping to red-diode-pumping to show its potential as a low-cost alternative due to the availability of low-cost high-power blue-diodes. A comparison of the laser characteristics is provided as well as a study of the thermal lensing for blue-diode-pumping for the very first time.
Spatial-temporal correlations in the speckle pattern for the characterization of cellular motion within a 3D object
Authors: Weil Yonni , Shafran Yana , Sobolev Maria , Afrimzon Elena , Zurgil Naomi , Deutsch Motti , Schiffer Zeev
Published: March 2023

Dynamic light scattering analysis has been demonstrated recently to be a promising tool for the assessment of structural changes taking place inside opaque tissue samples. Specifically, quantification of velocity and direction of cellular motion inside spheroids and organoids has attracted much attention as a potent indicator in personalized therapy research. Here, we propose a method for the quantitative extraction of cellular motion, velocity, and direction, by applying a concept of speckle spatial-temporal correlation dynamics. Numerical simulations and experimental results obtained on phantom and biological spheroids are presented.
Image enhancement and field of view enlargement in digital lensless holographic microscopy by multi-shot imaging
Authors: Zapata-Valencia Samuel I. , Tobon-Maya Heberley , Garcia-Sucerquia Jorge
Published: March 2023

A method to improve the quality of reconstructed images while the field of view (FOV) is enlarged in digital lensless holographic microscopy (DLHM) is presented. Multiple DLHM holograms are recorded while a still sample is located at different places of the plane containing it. The different locations of the sample must produce a set of DLHM holograms that share an overlapped area with a fixed DLHM hologram. The relative displacement among multiple DLHM holograms is computed by means of a normalized cross-correlation. The value of the computed displacement is utilized to produce a new DLHM hologram resulting from the coordinated addition of multi-shot DLHM holograms with the corresponding compensated displacement. The composed DLHM hologram carries enhanced information of the sample in a larger format, leading to a reconstructed image with improved quality and larger FOV. The feasibility of the method is illustrated and validated with results obtained from imaging a calibration test target and a biological specimen.
Nanomechanics with plasmonic nanoantennas: ultrafast and local exchange between electromagnetic and mechanical energy
Authors: Bragas Andrea V. , Maier Stefan A. , Boggiano Hilario D. , Grinblat Gustavo , Berté Rodrigo , Menezes Leonardo de S. , Cortés Emiliano
Published: March 2023

Converted into mechanical nanoresonators after optical pulsed excitation and electron decay into coherent acoustic phonons, plasmonic nanoantennas produce a periodic modulation of their optical properties, allowing, in turn, an optical reading of these extremely small movements. In this work, we review the physics of these nanoresonators and their acoustic vibrations, whose frequencies are in the range of a few to tens of GHz. The accurate determination of their oscillation frequencies allows them to act as mechanical nanoprobes, measure local mechanical moduli of the environment, and perform high-resolution imaging using phononic reconstruction. Furthermore, the internal and external damping mechanisms that affect the quality factor of the nanoresonator and, in particular, the role of the substrate when the nanoantennas are integrated into platforms and probed individually are also reviewed. Finally, we discuss the all-optical generation of hypersonic surface acoustic waves with nanoantennas and the importance of their manipulation for potential acousto-plasmonic devices operating in the GHz range and at nanoscale.
Does the chemical contribution have a secondary role in SERS?
Authors: Guerra Hernández Luis A. , Reynoso Andrés A. , Fainstein Alejandro
Published: March 2023

It is an established understanding that the electromagnetic contribution (plasmon-mediated enhancement of a laser and scattered local electromagnetic fields) is the main actor in surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), with the so-called chemical (molecule-related) contribution assuming only, if any, a supporting role. The conclusion of our comprehensive experimental resonant study of a broad range of nanosphere lithography based metallic substrates, with covalently attached 4-mercaptobenzoic acid monolayers used as a probe (standard molecules that are non-resonant in solution), is that this accepted understanding needs to be revised. We present a detailed resonant SERS study of metal-film-over-nanosphere (MFON) substrates that is done by both scanning the laser wavelength and tuning the plasmon response through the nanosphere diameter, which is varied from 500 to 900 nm. Far and local field properties are characterized through measures of optical reflectivity and SERS efficiency, respectively, and are supported by numerical simulations. We demonstrate that SERS intensity depends indeed on the electromagnetic mechanism, determined by the plasmonic response of the system, but we observe that it is also strongly defined by a chemical resonant contribution related to a metal-to-ligand electronic transition of the covalently bound probe molecule. Optimum amplification occurs when the plasmon modes intersect with the ligand-to-metal chemical resonance, contributing synergically both mechanisms together. Quite notably, however, the largest SERS signal is observed when the laser is tuned with the metal-to-ligand transition, and typically does not follow the wavelength dependence of the plasmon modes when varying the nanosphere size. The same general trend is observed for other nanosphere lithography based substrates, including sphere segment void cavities and hexagonally ordered triangular nanoparticles, using either Ag or Au as the plasmonic metal, and also with a commercial substrate (Klarite). Interestingly, this extensive comparative investigation shows in addition that MFON substrates are significantly better than these other studied plasmonic substrates in terms of Raman intensity and homogeneity. We conclude that a deep understanding of both electromagnetic and chemical mechanisms is necessary to fully exploit these substrates for analytical applications.
Simultaneous Figuring and Finish of Glass and Semiconductor Materials Using Femtosecond Lasers
Authors: Qiao Jie
Published: March 2023

We have demonstrated simultaneous figuring and surface polishing of glass and semiconductor substrates using a femtosecond laser. Deterministic material removal with nanometer precision was achieved while maintaining optical surface quality.
High-throughput Ultrafast Laser Surface Texturing with Flexible Multi-spot Patterns
Authors: Kaiser Myriam , Hellstern Julian , Kimmich Fabian , Kleiner Jonas , Heimes Andreas , Mayer Jonas , Tillkorn Christoph , Flamm Daniel
Published: March 2023

The efficient use of a simple optical concept is reported to flexibly generate multiple focal spots for parallel processing the surfaces of different materials with pulses from an industry-grade multi-millijoule ultrafast laser.