bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Like a Rolling Stone: Year-Over-Year Growth of a Rectal Fecalith
Authors: Fukushima Kazuhiro , Ito Yu-ichi , Tomida Hidenori , Imai Shinichiro , Matsumura Hideyasu , Nakagawa Kan , Oguchi Kenya , Nakamura Akinori , Takei Yo-ichi
Published: May 2022

The inability to pass stool for a prolonged period can lead to the formation of fecaliths, which occurs most often in the colon or rectum. Although large fecaliths can lead to serious or life-threatening complications, the detailed process of their formation is unknown. This report describes a 65-year-old woman who presented with melena due to ischemic proctitis caused by a large fecalith. On computed tomography, the fecalith showed a unique multilayered calcification sign. We successfully dismantled and removed the fecalith transanally, assisted by a traction method using a balloon catheter. A review of imaging studies from 6 years ago revealed the growth of the fecalith over the previous year and provided an insight into the mechanism underlying the development of large fecaliths.
High Infiltration of CD68+/CD163− Macrophages Is an Adverse Prognostic Factor after Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Esophageal and Gastric Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Svensson Maria C. , Svensson Maja , Nodin Björn , Borg David , Hedner Charlotta , Hjalmarsson Claes , Leandersson Karin , Jirström Karin
Published: May 2022

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have emerged as key players in tumor immunology but demonstrate a continuum of functional states being either tumor suppressive or promoting. Moreover, chemotherapeutic agents have been shown to alter the tumor microenvironment. Perioperative chemotherapy is a standard treatment option for resectable esophageal and gastric (EG) adenocarcinoma. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) on TAMs to improve the prognostication and treatment course for these patients. The study cohort comprised 148 patients, all of whom were diagnosed with resectable EG adenocarcinoma and treated with NAC. Immunohistochemistry was applied to assess the total infiltration and infiltration into tumor nests (TN) of CD68+/CD163−, CD68+/CD163+, and MARCO+ TAMs, on paired biopsies from primary tumors (PT) pre-NAC, and resected PT and lymph node metastases post-NAC. In pre-NAC specimens, high CD68+/CD163+ infiltration into TN was an unfavorable prognostic factor. No association was found between TAM density in PT pre-NAC and histopathological regression. The density of CD68+/CD163+ TAMs was increased in PT post-NAC, while the density of MARCO+ TAMs was decreased. CD68+/CD163− TAM density was not altered. In post-NAC specimens, higher total as well as TN infiltration of CD68+/CD163− TAMs were adverse prognostic factors. In conclusion, these results suggest that NAC may alter certain TAM subsets in EG adenocarcinoma, along with their functional properties and thus their prognostic value.
Chronic Kidney Disease and Cognitive Impairment: The Kidney-Brain Axis
Authors: Xie Zuoquan , Tong Siyu , Chu Xingkun , Feng Teng , Geng Meiyu
Published: May 2022

Background: Cognitive impairment, increasingly recognized as a major social burden, is commonly found in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Summary: Vascular damage, uremic toxicity, oxidative stress, and peripheral/central inflammation induced by CKD might be involved in brain lesions and ultimately result in cognitive decline. Uncovering the pathophysiology of CKD-associated cognitive impairment is important for early diagnosis and prevention, which undoubtedly prompts innovative pharmacological treatments. Key Messages: Here, we sequentially review the current understanding and advances in the epidemiology, risk factors, and pathological mechanisms of cognitive impairment in CKD. Furthermore, we summarize the currently available therapeutic strategies for cognitive impairment in CKD.
A resposta da comunidade científica mundial no combate à COVID-19
Authors: Curi Janaina Paiva , Santana Dayane Batista , Melani Rodolfo  Francisco Haltenhoff , Beaini Thiago Leite
Published: May 2022

A pandemia de COVID-19 surgiu no final do ano de 2019 e gerou uma grande pressão na comunidade acadêmica. Desde então, cientistas e profissionais da saúde se desdobraram para entender a doença e descobrir formas viáveis de combatê-la. Nesse contexto, o objetivo desta pesquisa é observar, nos dados oficiais – divulgados pelo ClinicalTrials.org – o panorama das pesquisas clínicas envolvendo a COVID-19 e verificar o engajamento da comunidade científica sobre o tema, comparando os números de projetos em relação a outras doenças mais prevalentes. A referida base de dados foi acessada e, por meio de palavras-chave, foram pesquisadas COVID-19, no intervalo entre 01/01/2020 e 31/12/2021, e as doenças definidas como maiores causas de morte, estas pesquisadas no biênio anterior à pandemia (2018-2019). A análise de dados obtidos no site explicita o comprometimento da comunidade acadêmica em todas as regiões do mundo com incidência maior que os estudos de outras doenças importantes. Pesquisas intervencionistas e observacionais foram quantitativamente semelhantes, sendo dirigidas para adultos e adultos mais velhos de ambos os sexos.
A evolução da língua portuguesa na música de Fructuoso Vianna: aspectos intertextuais
Authors: Ramos Bruno Thadeu Reis
Published: May 2022

Análise musical e textual das Seis Canções Trovadorescas de Fructuoso Vianna com objetivo de contribuir ao intérprete com ferramentas presentes na obra que o auxiliem na construção da performance, situando o mesmo dentro de um tempo cronológico e estético onde as canções reverberam com outras obras do passado.
Dodecafonando: contrastes entre o Choro tradicional e o Choro hodierno
Authors: Pompeo Samuel André
Published: May 2022

A vinculação das práticas atuais do Choro a denominações derivadas de outros gêneros musicais – por exemplo, Choro moderno, Choro contemporâneo, neo-Choro, Choro de concerto, Choro híbrido ou Choro fusão — supostamente deveria trazer às suas práxis modificações em aspectos harmônicos, melódicos, rítmicos, timbrísticos, métricos e formais. Entretanto, a análise do estado da arte revela uma contínua subordinação das performances realizadas no contexto musical do Choro a postulados técnico-interpretativos que ainda remontam aos seus primórdios. Uma possível resposta a essa problemática seria o Choro hodierno, um modelo prático-teórico no qual os pressupostos técnico-performativos supramencionados não seriam abandonados, mas sim expandidos por meio da intersecção de elementos provenientes de matrizes musicais distintas. O compêndio de informações apresentadas neste artigo clarifica as principais contestações advindas das práxis do Choro hodierno frente às práticas comumente realizadas no Choro tradicional. Assim, este artigo demonstra que a aplicação do modelo proposto pode levar o Choro a novas alternativas conceituais por meio do respeito às tradições, da flexibilização de suas performances e da adoção de novos processos criativos.
Régis Duprat (1930-2021): o musicólogo Brasileiro
Authors: Veiga Paulo Eduardo de Barros , Soares Eliel Almeida
Published: May 2022

Ao Prof. Dr. Régis Duprat (in memoriam), dedicamos este necrológio, por sua expressiva contribuição artística e intelectual, além de sua importante influência na formação de alunos e da nova geração de músicos e pesquisadores em arte, em especial a musicologia. Esta homenagem procura expor, de modo sucinto, momentos significativos da vida e da carreira de Régis Duprat, principalmente as suas pesquisas sobre música colonial brasileira e sobre a obra de André da Silva Gomes (1752-1844), compositor e mestre de capela da Sé de São Paulo em 1774.
Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment to Prevent Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder After Gunshot Wounds
Authors: Castater Christine , Raney Emma , Nguyen Jonathan , Reed Kendal K. , Thompson Alexis N. , Greene Wendy R. , Sola Richard , Grant April A. , Sciarretta Jason D. , Todd S. Rob , Williams Keneeshia N. , Hurst Stuart , Butler Caroline , Udobi Khadi , Ayoung-Chee Patricia , Benjamin Elizabeth R. , Davis Millard A. , Koganti Deepika , Smith Randi N.
Published: May 2022

Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) is an intervention originally developed to prevent and deter substance abuse. Adaptation of the SBIRT model to prevent post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may potentially reduce acute stress symptoms after traumatic injury. We conducted a prospective randomized control study of adult patients admitted for gunshot wounds. Patients were randomized to intervention (INT) vs. treatment as usual (TAU) groups. INT received the newly developed SBIRT Intervention for Trauma Patients (SITP)—a 15-minute session with elements of cognitive behavioral therapy techniques. SITP took place during the index hospitalization; both groups had followup at 30 and 90 days at which time a validated PTSD screening tool, PCL-5, was administered. Most of the 46 participants were young (mean age = 30.5y), male (91.3%), and black (86.9%). At three-month follow-up, SBIRT and TAU patients had similar physical healing scores but the SBIRT arm showed reductions in PTSD symptoms.
Churning Through the System: Implications of Fathers’ Reentry and Recidivism after Prison for Children’s Well-Being
Authors: Muentner Luke
Published: May 2022

One in fourteen children experience the incarceration of a parent only to be reunited upon release where risk for recidivism remains high—the implications of which for children’s well-being is not well understood. To fill this gap, the study uses data from the Multi-site Family Study on Incarceration, Parenting and Partnering to follow 543 justice-involved fathers 18-months post-release. Results suggest that stable reentry trajectories are associated with children’s decreased behavior problems, particularly for those who are non-residential. Boys and older children may be more negatively influenced by frequency of recidivism whereas girls and younger children may benefit more from longer durations of community time. Findings inform strategies that ease reintegration processes and improve well-being for children in justice-involved families.
Dissent Networks, State Repression, and Strategic Clemency for Defection
Authors: Liu Howard
Published: May 2022

Why do governments severely punish some dissidents while showing mercy to others? This study argues that when constrained by limited information on dissent, states have incentives to cast the net of repression wider by executing not just key dissent actors but also members closely connected to them to ensure demobilization. States also crave information, and granting clemency to defectors who bring in information improves state intelligence. Given that tips have different values, regimes will grant clemency to defectors who are closely connected to key dissent actors and possess high-value tips, allowing the state to pursue top fugitives and dissolve resistance more efficiently. Using newly declassified data on political victims during Taiwan’s White Terror authoritarian period, I find that the regime tends to execute both key actors (i.e., leaders and recruiters) and their closely connected members. Defectors who share information tend to receive mercy, but defectors closely connected to key actors are much less likely to face execution than less connected defectors. These findings shed new insight into the toolkit dictators use to gather intelligence on dissent and how strategic clemency induces defection and betrayal among dissidents, helping destroy dissent networks from within.
Traditional handwoven textiles: a case study of thermal comfort of Thailand’s traditional fusible and nonfusible linings
Authors: An Su Kyoung , Kumphai Pimpawan , Alam AKM Mashud , Eike Rachel J
Published: May 2022

Many Asian countries have made and worn their own traditional textiles; however, due to the rapidly changing influence of western culture, today’s young people prefer to wear modern clothes rather than clothes made using handwoven fabrics. In order to protect and support traditional textile communities/artisans, governments are making great efforts to preserve traditional textile communities. The purpose of this study was to measure the thermal comfort properties of selected handwoven textiles made in Thailand. The results showed no significant difference in terms of thermal comfort between handwoven fabrics combined with linings (fusible and nonfusible). The advantages of the fusible lining include giving support to the handwoven fabric structure, particularly along the seams, and assistance against fabric fraying along cut edges. The results yielded recommendations to weavers of traditional fabrics to optimize the comfort function of the fabrics when worn in traditional Thai garments.
Analysis of Cancer Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Adolescents and Young Adults in Two Texas Rural Communities
Authors: Moya Eva M , Chávez-Baray Silvia , Garcia Araceli , McCreary Robert
Published: May 2022

The Youth and Young Adults Cancer Knowledge Attitudes and Practices (C-KAP) exploratory study in 2 rural underserved areas in a border community. C-KAP is an interdisciplinary research pilot project led by university scholars in psychology and social work in partnership with community partners. The exploratory cross-sectional mix-method study recruited 141 (n =141) youth and young adults (ages 18-39). This study was informed on empirical research and a bilingual online questionnaire was field-tested, and data was collected via QuestionPro Software. Quantitative analysis was conducted using SPSS version 27. Descriptive statistics and frequency analysis were used for demographics and basic statistics. Chi square tests and Fisher’s exact tests between variables were ran to find statistically significant associations. For the qualitative data, independent coders conducted recurrent content analysis to identify themes. Salient themes include knowledge about cancer types; access to health care; prevention; and the perceived impact of COVID-19 pandemic. Findings highlight a lack of knowledge and orientation on cancer in youth and young adults suggesting the need for community tailored education and screening interventions. Other findings reflect gender differences in knowledge and practices, which indicates that a gender-specific lens is needed when delivering education.
Dispensing patterns of mental health medications before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Alberta, Canada: An interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Ying Lisa TL , Yarema Mark C , Bousman Chad A
Published: May 2022

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the general population in all aspects of life. Estimates of mental health medication dispensing in Alberta were investigated to elucidate areas of need within mental health and pharmacy practice during the pandemic.

Methods

We employed an interrupted time series analysis using linear regression models to estimate community and outpatient medication dispensing trends of 46 medications used to treat mental health disorders. Three parameters were examined. The first was the medication dispensing slope before COVID-19. The second was the immediate effect of COVID-19 on dispensing (i.e., the difference in dispensing rate between the month before and after the first case of COVID-19) and the third was the medication dispensing slope during COVID-19.

Results

Dispensing rates of 61% ( n = 34) of the examined medications remained similar before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, eight medications (i.e., amitriptyline, escitalopram, fluoxetine, paroxetine, bupropion, desvenlafaxine, venlafaxine, and oxazepam) showed an immediate and significant increase in dispensing rate following the onset of the pandemic that was sustained over the first 13-months of the pandemic.

Conclusion

Initial increases in dispensing patterns of antidepressants may be attributed to a “stockpiling phenomenon” but the sustained higher levels of dispensing suggest an unfavorable shift in the population’s mental health. Monitoring of medication dispensing patterns during COVID-19 may serve as a useful indicator of the population’s mental health during the current pandemic and better prepare community pharmacists in future pandemic planning, medication dispensing strategies, and care of chronic medical conditions.
Philosemitism in contemporary German media
Authors: Dekel Irit
Published: May 2022

This article examines the performance of philosemitism in contemporary Germany through media representations of Jews in 2014–2020. It claims that philosemitism is practiced in Germany as a routine accomplishment of civility. It is performed in three interconnected social domains: institutional, where state institutions declare their commitment to protecting Jews as a religious minority; group, where the contingent relations between love for the Jews and exclusionary statements about them appears, mostly in casting Jews as both strange and unknown and embraced; and individual, where individuals exhibit positive sentiments toward Jews as an ideal collective, while contemplating what and who they are. It further suggests that in performing philosemitism German society examines and articulates its relations to Holocaust memory, to minorities and to the resilience of the German democracy.
Telemedicine Services Provided to Medicare Beneficiaries by Otolaryngologists in 2020
Authors: Miller Lauren E. , Rathi Vinay K. , Xiang David , Naunheim Matthew R. , Varvares Mark A. , Gray Stacey T.
Published: May 2022

Telemedicine utilization among otolaryngologists was rare prior to the COVID‐19 pandemic. We sought to understand rates of telemedicine utilization by otolaryngologists amid unprecedented changes in care delivery during the pandemic. Using Medicare Physician/Supplier Procedure Summary data, we performed a retrospective cross‐sectional analysis of telemedicine services provided to Medicare beneficiaries by otolaryngologists in 2020. The total number of services and amount of reimbursement received by otolaryngologists for telemedical care increased by 52,989% and 73,147% in 2020 relative to 2019: 139,094 vs 262 services and $9.9 million vs $13,536, respectively. The mean telemedicine revenue per otolaryngologist offset only 8.8% ($9304.69) of losses from the reduction in mean in‐person revenue between 2019 and 2020. Further research will be necessary to inform successful adoption of telemedicine within our field amid the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic.
Risk Factors Associated With Reoperative Surgery for Thyroid Malignancies: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Hutchinson Kelly Ann , Guerra André , Payne Alexandra E. , Turkdogan Sena , Forest Veronique‐Isabelle , Hier Michael P. , Payne Richard J.
Published: May 2022

Objective

To examine various factors associated with an increased risk of reoperation for persistent or recurrent malignant thyroid cancers.

Study Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

Tertiary academic hospital centers.

Methods

Patients undergoing surgery for thyroid cancer at 2 tertiary academic institutions from 2006 to 2020 were included. Those who underwent a reoperative procedure were compared with patients only requiring 1 procedure. The Pearson chi‐square and independent t test were used to compare group data accordingly. Furthermore, a binomial logistic regression was performed, while machine learning models were used to construct a predictive algorithm.

Results

This study included 2266 patients with surgically managed thyroid malignancy, of which 54 (2.4%) necessitated reoperations. Those requiring a second surgical procedure were more likely to be male (40.7% vs 20.9%, P < .001), undergo bilateral (24.1% vs 3.3%, P < .001) and lateral (16.7% vs 1.8%, P < .001) neck dissections, and have a greater number of metastatic lymph nodes (mean, 9.1 vs 3.5; P < .001) and a larger tumor size (mean, 3.0 vs 2.0 cm; P < .001). According to the binomial logistic regression model, lateral neck dissection, greater number of metastatic lymph nodes, and larger tumor size significantly increased the odds of necessitating a second procedure by 7.8 (95% CI, 2.523‐24.083), 1.1 (95% CI, 1.032‐1.152), and 1.3 (95% CI, 1.064‐1.559), respectively. Last, machine learning models could not significantly predict the occurrence of reoperation.

Conclusion

This study identified patient‐ and cancer‐related characteristics associated with an increased risk of requiring reoperation for thyroid malignancies.
The incremental value of myocardial viability, evaluated by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography, and cardiovascular magnetic resonance for mortality prediction in patients with previous myocardial infarction and symptomatic heart failure
Authors: Kazakauskaite Egle , Vajauskas Donatas , Bardauskiene Lina , Ordiene Rasa , Zabiela Vytautas , Zaliaduonyte Diana , Gustiene Olivija , Lapinskas Tomas , Jurkevicius Renaldas
Published: May 2022

Objectives

To find the imaging mortality predictors in patients with previous myocardial infarction (MI), symptomatic heart failure (HF), and reduced left ventricle (LV) ejection fraction (EF).

Methods

for the study 39 patients were selected prospectively with prior MI, symptomatic HF, and LVEF ≤40%. All patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), single-photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT MPI), 18F-FDG positron emission tomography (FDG PET). 31 patients underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). Patients were divided into two groups: 1 group – cardiac death; 2 group – no cardiac death. Myocardial scars were assessed on a 5-point-scale. Follow-up data was obtained.

Results

Imaging features disclosed significant difference ( p < 0.05) of defect score (CMR and SPECT-PET), LV end-diastolic diameter (EDD) (TTE), LVEDD index (CMR), LV global longitudinal strain (CMR) and LV global circumferential strain (CMR) between the groups. Predictors of cardiac death were: LVEDD index (TTE) and LV global longitudinal strain. The cut-off values to predict cardiac death were: defect score (CMR) 25 (AUC, 79.5%; OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2–2.7), SPECT-PET defect score 22 (AUC, 73.9%; OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3–0.7), LVEDD (TTE) 58 mm (AUC, 88.4%; OR 23.6, 95% CI 2.6–217.7), LVEDDi 30 mm/m2 (TTE) (AUC, 73.6%; OR 22.0, 95% CI 1.9–251.5), LVEDDi 33.6 mm/m2 (CMR) (AUC, 73.6%; OR 22.0, 95% CI 1.9–251.5), LV global longitudinal strain −13.4 (AUC, 87.8%; OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.2–3.7) and LV global circumferential strain −16.3 (AUC, 76.1%; OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.2–3.0).

Conclusions

Imaging features, such as defect score (CMR) >25, SPECT-PET defect score >22, LVEDD (TTE) >58 mm, LVEDDi (TTE) >30 mm/m2, LVEDDi (CMR) >33.6 mm/m2, LV global longitudinal strain −13.4 and LV global circumferential strain −16.3, may increase sensitivity and specificity of FDG PET and LGE CMR predicting of late mortality.
Spatiotemporal variation in human settlements and their interaction with living environments in Neolithic and Bronze Age China
Authors: Dong Guanghui , Lu Yongxiu , Zhang Shanjia , Huang Xiaozhong , Ma Minmin
Published: May 2022

It is evident that the origin, development, and expansion of agriculture and animal husbandry during the Neolithic and Bronze Age periods across Eurasia facilitated the increase of the world population and emergence of ancient civilizations, as well as altering human livelihoods, especially in East Asia. However, different areas of China have different histories in terms of the development of agriculture and of extensive human settlement during that period, and the spatial differences in human–environment interaction are not yet well understood. Here, we review up-to-date results of radiocarbon dating, archaeobotanical, and zooarchaeological analysis from Neolithic and Bronze Age sites in China, along with high-resolution paleoclimatic records, to explore the spatiotemporal variation of human settlement and its relationship to the development of agriculture and to climate change in different areas during the period 10,000–2200 BP. The results suggest that human settlement intensities in the northern East Asia Monsoon Region and south China were relatively low during 10,000–6500 BP, with a small peak during ∼8000–7500 BP, and evidently increased since ∼6500 BP, whereas farming groups began to settle intensively on the Tibetan Plateau and the inland arid region since ∼5200 BP and ∼4000 BP, respectively. The spatiotemporal variation in the intensification of human settlement in China during the Neolithic and Bronze Age periods was primarily induced by agricultural intensification and expansion across prehistoric Eurasia; climate change may have influenced the hydrothermal and vegetation conditions for crop cultivation and livestock production. The asynchronous intensive human settlements in different areas of China resulted in spatial differences in the impact of activities by human on the environments surrounding them during 10,000–2200 BP, shedding light on the evolution of the human–land relationship in China during the Neolithic and Bronze periods.
Nonlinear dynamics of flexible diaphragm coupling’s rotor system during maneuvering flight
Authors: Yu Yinxin , Ding KangKang , Zhao Tianyu , Li Kuan
Published: May 2022

In this paper, the flexible multi-diaphragm coupling which is used as flexible power transmission shaft of the aeroengine accessory is taken as the research object, and the coupling stiffness matrix and axial nonlinear stiffness of the diaphragms are considered in the coupling rotor system. On this basis, in order to consider the influence of aircraft maneuvering load, in non-inertial system the bending-pendular-axial coupled differential equations of flexible diaphragm coupling were established by Lagrange method. The modal characteristics of the flexible diaphragm coupling were analyzed and compared with the finite element solutions, and the correctness of model is verified. Runge-Kutta method is used to solve and analyze the influence of different maneuvering flight conditions on the vibration characteristics of the flexible diaphragm coupling. The research indicates that the coupling between diaphragm’s axial and radial stiffness leads to the right shift of resonant region, the increase of resonance peak value, and the nonlinear characteristics of amplitude-frequency curve such as jump and multi-value. In the non-inertial system, only the installation distance a of the flexible diaphragm coupling along the wingspan leads to the increase of the axial deformation offset of the flexible diaphragm coupling in the rolling flight state. The increase of climbing or diving angular velocity makes the flexible diaphragm coupling’s vibration changes from single period to multi-period, bifurcation or chaos state; With the increase of diving angular velocity and rolling angular velocity, the axial critical speed gradually increases; Each flight condition not only affects the vibration characteristics, but also causes the axial, radial and angular deformation of the flexible diaphragm coupling to a certain extent. This study provided a theoretical basis and method for the design and analysis of diaphragm coupling.
A mesh refinement scheme for fourth order bi-harmonic equation of mixed boundary-value elastic problems
Authors: Khan Aminul Islam , Sarkar Pranta Rahman , Akanda Abdus Salam
Published: May 2022

Fourth order bi-harmonic equation is extensively used for stress-strain analysis of mixed boundary-value elastic problems. However, currently existing uniform mesh scheme based on finite difference method (FDM) needs vast amount of computational resources and efforts for an acceptable solution. Therefore, in this study, a mesh refinement (MR) scheme based on FDM is developed to solve fourth order bi-harmonic equation effectively. The developed MR scheme allows high resolution computation in sub-domains of interest and relatively low resolution in other regions which overcomes the memory exhausting problems associating with the traditional uniform mesh based FDM. In this paper, sub-domain that needs high resolution (mesh refinement) are identified based on gradient of stress and displacement vectors. A very high gradient in any region signifies the need of fine mesh because coarse grained meshes are not adequate to capture the sharply changing stresses or displacements. Once the sub-domains of interest are identified, the mesh refinement is done by splitting course meshes into smaller meshes. Several new stencils are created to satisfy the fourth order by harmonic equation and associated boundary conditions over the various sizes of meshes. The developed MR scheme has been applied to solve several classical mixed boundary-value elastic problems to show its applicability. In addition, the validity, effectiveness, and superiority of the MR scheme have been established by comparing of obtained solutions with uniform mesh results, finite element method (FEM) results, and the well-known analytical results. Our results show that the developed MR scheme can provide a more reliable and accurate result than the conventional uniform mesh scheme with a reduced number of equations, thus, saves a huge amount of computational memory.
Spare parts control strategies for offshore wind farms: A critical review and comparative study
Authors: Tusar Md Imran Hasan , Sarker Bhaba R
Published: May 2022

Offshore Wind Farm (OWF) downtime causes huge financial loss to the stakeholders. One of the major concerns for them is to reduce the downtime of the offshore wind turbine as much as possible. To do this, inventory managers must keep the required number of spare parts in the inventory. It is important to forecast the type and amount of spare parts ahead of time. The maintenance team tries to figure out failure symptoms to predict the approximate time for failure. This prediction helps to purchase and stock spare parts systematically. There is a trade-off between the ordering cost, holding cost, and shortage cost. Proper inventory planning saves a manager from placing expensive emergency orders and also an extended period of holding spare parts. The desired service level should be determined earlier, based on which spare parts planning is done. In this paper, some prominent spare parts models have been studied, findings have been systematically presented, compared against some key determinant factors, critical analysis has been performed and the applicability of the models has been discussed. More than a 100 research articles on spare parts have been reviewed and major contributions from the most relevant articles in OWF have been presented in this paper. One advanced spare parts modeling reported up to 51% cost reduction compared to traditional spare parts planning. Another integrated spare parts planning reported 27% savings. This critical review aims to suggest some guidelines for the managers and other associates of wind farms about the effective and efficient spare parts management technique from the beginning of the turbine installation to the end of its life cycle.
Facets of love and lovesickness
Authors: Vosmer Susanne
Published: May 2022

Love has been ignored in group analysis for too long. This article describes different forms of love and attachment love styles. Techniques to assess and work with love are introduced. The social unconscious of love and lovesickness must be made conscious to prevent it from becoming a self-fulfilling prophecy. Technologies impact on dating, relationships and love. Groups can help patients address feelings and behaviour arising from these. Love can be curative provided psychotherapists allow loving feelings to emerge in therapy and work with them. Frequently, being in love or unrequited love results in irrational, destructive behaviour, sorrow and disenfranchised grief. Why love can be disappointing is discussed. Since lovesickness may be diagnosed as depression, using the term lovesickness for emotions and behaviour arising from love related difficulties is proposed. This reduces stigma, because lovesickness is normal.
Career Interruptions: A Reconceptualization From a Chinese Taoism Perspective
Authors: Bian Xinyi
Published: May 2022

This paper is a first attempt to draw attention to the misconception and stigma of career interruptions and provide a new conceptualization of this widely existing career phenomenon. The unique contribution of introducing Taoism into conceptualizing career interruptions is to help bring the ontological aspects of career interruptions into a sharper focus. The present study borrows the conceptions such as Wu, Wu-Wei, and the cyclic motion of time from Chinese Taoism to reveal the attributes of career interruptions and introduce the appreciator stance into the career interruption literature. The article is structured as follows. First, an overview of the literature is provided. Second, the present study argues that a reconceptualization is needed to deal with the misconception and stigma associated with career interruptions. Third, borrowing from the wisdom of traditional Chinese Taoism, four propositions are developed to help reconceptualize career interruptions. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Mandibular Blastomycosis in a 5-Year-Old Dog
Authors: Washington Caroline , Paulman April , Stapleton Barbara L.
Published: May 2022

A case of localized oral mandibular blastomycosis is described in a five-year-old dog. Complete resolution of clinical signs and oral radiographic changes were seen following itraconazole therapy at 5 mg/kg/day for four and a half months. The patient remained free of Blastomyces at the one year follow up based on the Mira Vista Blastomyces urine antigen test by EIA (Enzyme Immunoassay)a. A literature review of localized blastomycosis cases in humans and dogs was performed, available diagnostic tests evaluated, and treatment comparisons made.
Micro-channel fabrication on GFRP composite through electrochemical spark machining method and optimization of process parameters
Authors: Kumar Nitesh , Das Alok Kumar
Published: May 2022

In the present study, fabrication of micro-channel on glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) sheet has been performed through micro-electrochemical spark machining process. Box-Behnken design has been followed to conduct experiments and the influence of machining parameters and their ranges that is, applied voltage (50 V–60 V), duty factor (35%–45%), electrolyte concentration (20–30 wt%), and pulse frequency (6–10 kHz) on the micro-channel quality has been investigated. The width of micro-channel (WMC), delamination extent (DE), and heat-affected zone (HAZ) are considered as the responses. Response surface method (RSM) with desirability analysis and multi-objective optimization are utilized to optimize the process. The minimum observed WMC, DE, and HAZ are 532.81, 1.09, and 50.52 μm respectively which are obtained at machining voltage: 50 V, duty factor: 35%, concentration: 20 wt% of NaOH, and pulse frequency: 10 kHz. The fiber breakage and re-deposition/adhesion of broken fiber and matrix materials are observed at the edges of the micro-channel.
Application of machine learning approaches to predict joint strength of friction stir welded aluminium alloy 7475 and PPS polymer hybrid joint
Authors: Sandeep Renangi , Natarajan Arivazhagan
Published: May 2022

Vehicle weight has been a critical concern in the aerospace and automobile industries for decades. Integrating dissimilar aluminium and polymer hybrid structures is beneficial for weight reduction without affecting structural performance. In the present work, aluminium alloy 7475 and polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) sheets were joined using the friction stir welding (FSW) technology in lap joint configuration. A series of FSW experiments have been performed by the design matrix developed using response surface methodology. Tensile lap shear strength (TLS) is calculated for each experimental run. In this study, an attempt has been made to assess the potential of machine learning algorithms to predict the TLS of the joint. It was found that the support vector machine (SVM) model with RBF kernel was the most effective for predicting the TLS. Furthermore, FSW process parameters are optimized by means of the desirability approach. The optimal set to attain maximum TLS is identified as the tilt angle of 2°, welding speed of 5.12 mm/min and tool rotational speed of 1185.92 r/min. Finally, a confirmation test was performed to validate the optimal set and the adequacy of the developed SVM model. From the confirmation test, the error percentage between experimental and prediction values is less than 5%. Metallographic analysis revealed that the joining mechanism is the macro and micromechanical interlocking assisted by chemical bonding.
Cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities in people living with HIV: A cross-sectional multicenter study from Colombia comorbidities in a Colombian PLWHIV population
Authors: Valderrama-Beltrán Sandra , Martínez-Vernaza Samuel , Figueredo María , Martínez Ernesto , Blair Kevin J , Cuervo-Rojas Juliana , Arévalo Leonardo , De La Hoz Alejandro , Quiroga Camilo , Mueses Héctor , Sussmann Otto , Mantilla Mónica , Ramírez Christian , Gonzalez Claudia , Montero-Riascos Leonardo , Botero Monica , Alzate-Ángel Juan , García-Garzón Martha , Franco Julieta , Lenis William , Galindo-Orrego Ximena , Stand Javier , Fonseca Norberto , Alzamora Diana , Ramos Olga , Tobon Wilmar , Ruiz Jaime , León Sebastián , Rojas-Rojas Monica , Urrego-Reyes Juan , Beltrán-Rodríguez Claudia , Rosselli Diego , Rodriguez-Lugo Diego-Andres , Villamil-Castañeda Lina Paola , Álvarez-Moreno Carlos
Published: May 2022

Introduction:

HIV is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). There is insufficient information regarding comorbidities and cardiovascular risk factors in the Colombian HIV population. The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities in patients from the HIV Colombian Group VIHCOL.

Methods:

This is a multicenter, cross-sectional study conducted in the VIHCOL network in Colombia. Patients 18 years or older who had at least 6 months of follow-up were included. A stratified random sampling was performed to estimate the adjusted prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and comorbidities.

Results:

A total of 1616 patients were included. 83.2% were men, and the median age was 34 years. The adjusted prevalence for dyslipidemia, active tobacco use, hypothyroidism, and arterial hypertension was 51.2% (99% CI: 48.0%–54.4%), 7.6% (99% CI: 5.9%–9.3%), 7.4% (99% CI: 5.7%–9.1%), and 6.3% (99% CI: 4.8%–7.9%), respectively.

Conclusions:

In this Colombian HIV cohort, there is a high prevalence of modifiable CVD risk factors such as dyslipidemia and active smoking. Non-pharmacological and pharmacological measures for the prevention and management of these risk factors should be reinforced.
Can Feelings “Feel” Wrong? Similarities Between Counter-Normative Emotion Reports and Perceptual Errors
Authors: Givon Ella , Udelsman-Danieli Gal , Almagor Ophir , Fekete Tomer , Shriki Oren , Meiran Nachshon
Published: May 2022

In popular belief, emotions are regarded as deeply subjective and thus as lacking truth value. Is this reflected at the behavioral or brain level? This work compared counter-normative emotion reports with perceptual-decision errors. Participants (university students; N = 29, 16, 40, and 60 in Experiments 1–4, respectively) were given trials comprising two tasks and were asked to (a) report their pleasant or unpleasant feelings in response to emotion-invoking pictures (emotion report) and (b) indicate the gender of faces (perceptual decision). Focusing on classical error markers, we found that the results of both tasks indicated (a) post-error slowing, (b) speed/accuracy trade-offs, (c) a heavier right tail of the reaction time distribution for errors or counter-normative responses relative to correct or normative responses, and (d) inconclusive evidence for error-related negativity in electroencephalograms. These results suggest that at both the behavioral and the brain levels, the experience of reporting counter-normative emotions is remarkably similar to that accompanying perceptual-decision errors.
Numerical investigation of the hydrogen swirl combustion flow in a micro gas turbine burner
Authors: Liu Hong , Zeng Zhuoxiong , Guo Kaifang
Published: May 2022

The influence of swirl angle and hydrogen mixing ratio on the performance of micro gas turbine combustor is discussed by numerical simulation based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method, the parameters such as combustion characteristics and pollutant emissions are analyzed. The realizable k-epsilon model is adopted for turbulence simulation, the combustion model is general finite rate model. The results indicated that increasing swirl number reduces the temperature and NO emission. As hydrogen content in the fuel increases, flame length is slightly shortened, temperature in the combustion chamber rises, and temperature distribution becomes more uniform, NO emission at central axis becomes highly, while CO2 and CO emissions decrease. When hydrogen mixing ratio is 50%, the maximum NO emission is about 3 times that of pure methane combustion, and CO2 mass fraction is reduced by 43.9%, moreover, outlet CO emission is reduced by nearly 70%. The hydrogen mixing ratio has a greater impact on pollutant emissions, the sensitivity level of NO and CO emissions to hydrogen mixing ratio reaches 0.25 and 0.39 respectively. As hydrogen mixing ratio and swirl number increases, pressure loss grows, and average turbulent kinetic energy on central plane gradually rises, mainly in outlet region and recirculation zone. Increasing swirl number makes the synergy better, but hydrogen mixing has little effect on the synergy distribution.
Midterm Prospective Evaluation of Structural Allograft Transplantation for Osteochondral Lesions of the Talar Shoulder
Authors: Fletcher Amanda N. , Johnson Lindsey G. , Easley Mark E. , Nunley James A. , Adams Samuel B.
Published: May 2022

Background:

In cases of large osteochondral lesions of the talus (OLTs), fresh structural or bulk osteochondral allograft transplantation has yielded favorable outcomes in several retrospective and few prospective case series. The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate patients who received fresh structural allograft transplantation of the talar shoulder.

Methods:

A prospective evaluation of patients who received a fresh structural allograft of an OLT was performed. Preoperative imaging included magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and/or computed tomography (CT) with plain radiographs. The following patient-reported outcomes questionnaires were administered preoperatively and yearly after surgery: 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), visual analog scale (VAS) for pain, and the Short Musculoskeletal Functional Assessment (SMFA). Preoperative and postoperative imaging were evaluated for allograft assimilation, evidence of arthritic changes, or functional range of motion abnormalities.

Results:

Thirty-one patients with a mean age of 41.4 years (±14.1, range 18-69) underwent structural fresh osteochondral allograft transplantation to the talar shoulder and were included in this study. The mean follow-up was 56.2 months (±36.1, range 24-142). The majority of patients were female (n=17, 54.8%), reported some history of prior ankle trauma (n=21, 67.7%), and underwent prior ankle surgery (n=23, 74.2%). The mean lesion size on CT scan was 1879 mm3 (n = 27) compared to the mean lesion size of 3877 mm3 (n = 21) on MRI. There was a significant improvement in the mean preoperative VAS score ( P < .0001), SF-36 score ( P < .0005), SMFA bother index ( P < .0015), and the SMFA function index ( P < .0001) at final follow-up. A total of 15 (48.4%) patients underwent an additional surgery following their osteochondral allograft transplant, most commonly arthroscopic debridement or removal of hardware, performed at an average of 25.2 (±13.0) from their index procedure. There was one failure that required a total ankle replacement. The overall graft survival rate was 96.8%.

Conclusion:

Fresh, structural allograft transplantation resulted in significant improvement in patient-reported postoperative pain and function in patients suffering from OLTs. The graft survival rate was 96.8% at a mean of 56.2 months follow-up, with half of patients requiring a second procedure.

Level of Evidence:

Level IV, prospective case series.
Coronal Plane Rotation of the Medial Column in Hallux Valgus: A Retrospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Lalevée Matthieu , Barbachan Mansur Nacime Salomao , Dibbern Kevin , Briggs Hunter , Maly Connor J. , Carvalho Kepler Alencar Mendes de , Lintz François , de Cesar Netto Cesar
Published: May 2022

Background:

We previously reported an increase in pronation of the first metatarsal (M1) head relative to the ground in hallux valgus (HV) patients compared to controls. Still, the origin and location of this hyperpronation along the medial column is unknown. Recent studies showed that presence of progressive collapsing foot deformities (PCFDs), which is a condition frequently associated with HV, can strongly influence the medial column coronal plane alignment. The objective of this study was to assess the coronal rotation of the medial column bones in HV feet, HV feet with radiologic markers of PCFD, and controls. We hypothesized that hyperpronation in HV will originate from a combination of M1 intrinsic torsion and first tarsometatarsal joint malposition.

Methods:

The same cohort of 36 HV and 20 controls matched on age, gender, and body mass index was used. Previously, a validation of the measurements was carried out through a cadaveric study. Using these metrics, we assessed the coronal plane rotation of the navicular, medial cuneiform, and the M1 at its base and head with respect to the ground using weightbearing CT images. We measured the Meary angle and the calcaneal moment arm in our 36 HV subjects. We subdivided our cohort into an HV group and a potential PCFD HV group according to these measurements. Comparisons on medial column bones coronal rotation were performed between HV, PCFD HV, and control groups.

Results:

Twenty-two HV cases were included in the HV group and 14 in the PCFD HV group. Both groups presented an increase in pronation of the first metatarsal head relative to the ground when compared to the control group ( P < .001). Comparing HV and controls showed an 8.3 degrees increase in pronation of M1 intrinsic torsion ( P < .001) and a 4.7 degrees pronated malposition of the first tarsometatarsal joint ( P = .02) in HV. A 9.7 degrees supinated malposition of the first naviculocuneiform joint ( P < .001) was also observed in HV. Comparing PCFD HV and controls showed a significant increase in pronation of the navicular (respectively, 17.2 ± 5.4 and 12.3 ± 3.4 degrees, P = .007) and a 5.5 degrees increase in pronation of M1 intrinsic torsion ( P = .02) in PCFD HV, without malposition of the first tarsometatarsal and naviculocuneiform joints.

Conclusion:

Hyperpronation of the M1 head relative to the ground originated from both increases in pronation of M1 intrinsic torsion and first tarsometatarsal joint malposition in HV, although partially counterbalanced by a supinated malposition of the first naviculocuneiform joint. On the other hand, PCFD HV patients showed a generalized pronated position throughout the medial column from the navicular to the M1 head and may be related to the midfoot and hindfoot deformities frequently present in PCFD.

Level of Evidence:

Level III, retrospective comparative study.