bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PP2B-dependent cerebellar plasticity sets the amplitude of the vestibulo-ocular reflex during juvenile development
Authors: Wu Bin , Post Laura , Lin Zhanmin , Schonewille Martijn
Published: March 2024

Throughout life, the cerebellum plays a central role in the coordination and optimization of movements, using cellular plasticity to adapt a range of behaviors. Whether these plasticity processes establish a fixed setpoint during development, or continuously adjust behaviors throughout life, is currently unclear. Here, by spatiotemporally manipulating the activity of protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B), an enzyme critical for cerebellar plasticity, in male and female mice, we examined the consequences of disrupted plasticity on the performance and adaptation of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). We find that, in contrast to Purkinje cell specific deletion starting early postnatally, acute pharmacological as well as adult-onset genetic deletion of PP2B affects all forms of VOR adaptation, but not the level of VOR itself. Next, we show that Purkinje cell-specific genetic deletion of PP2B in juvenile mice leads to a progressive loss of the protein PP2B and a concurrent change in the VOR, in addition to the loss of adaptive abilities. Finally, re-expressing PP2B in adult mice that lack PP2B expression from early in development, rescues VOR adaptation, but does not affect the performance of the reflex. Together, our results indicate that chronic or acute, genetic or pharmacological block of PP2B disrupts the adaptation of the VOR. In contrast, only the absence of plasticity during cerebellar development affects the setpoint of VOR, an effect that cannot be corrected after maturation of the cerebellum. These findings suggest that PP2B-dependent cerebellar plasticity is required during a specific period to achieve the correct setpoint of the VOR.

Significance StatementEarly damage to motor adaptation structures, such as the cerebellum, has been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders persisting into adulthood. Understanding these long-term effects requires disentangling the persistent effects of disrupted development from the acute effects directly caused by the continuous presence of the disruption. Here, we use the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) to demonstrate that disruptions during early development affect both basal level and adaptation, whereas adult-onset disruption of cerebellar plasticity only affects the ability to adapt, not the setpoint of the reflex. Our findings that specifically the absence of plasticity during cerebellar development affects the setpoint of the VOR, which cannot be corrected by re-instating plasticity after maturation, supports the concept of a sensitive developmental period for setting cerebellum-controlled reflexes.
Antropologia Ojców Kościoła IV–VIII wieków
Authors: Paprocki Henryk
Published: March 2024

In the history of European thought a special place is reserved for the work of St. Gregory of Nyssa „On the Creation of man”, which was a foundation of the study of man. The IV century is crucial for the understanding of European civilization, because it was then that the term “person”, an essential category in anthropology, emerged. It is characteristic that the study of man was shaped in the Trinitarian and Christological disputes that related to the definition of God and the divine-human reality of Jesus Christ. Thus, anthropology of the Church Fathers considers man in relation to God, believing at the same time that humans are a mystery that cannot be fully explained, since man is created „in the image and likeness of God”. The mystery of a „hidden God” (Isaiah 15:15) has its continuation in the mystery of the „man of a hidden heart” (1 P 3:4). Thus, according to the Fathers of the Church, it is an anthropology of an encounter between man and God.
Antropologia w pismach współczesnych teologów prawosławnych
Authors: Leśniewski Krzysztof
Published: March 2024

The article presents anthropological views of some very influential Orthodox theologians. The author starts his attempt from sketching a direct historical context of a rapid development of anthropology since 19th century. He indicates that since the middle of 20th century one can notice an increasing interest concerning on the understanding of human person, human freedom and human rights in social structures. Then he summarizes main points of the mystical anthropology of Vladimir Lossky. This very influential theologian, who concentrated mostly on category of person in apophatic and Trinitarian perspective on the basis of the patristic wisdom, has influenced many contemporary religious thinkers.Grounds of the anthropological reflection of Orthodox theologians were described in the second part of the article. Contemporary theologians have been trying to find answers for such questions as: “Who is a human being?”; “How to understand his or her freedom, rights, morality, life and existence?”; “What does compose the essence of his or her relations with other human beings in the community of the Church and society” – taking into account the Divine Scripture, the teaching of the Church and modern philosophical reflections.The third part of the article shows four examples of Greek theologians who significantly have contributed to the contemporary discussion on the mystery of human person. Each of them characterizes of a specific attempt towards looking for anthropological solutions from Christian point of view. The author labeled the main interest of each of them by a specific title: Panayiotis Nellas – a Christocentric exponent of patristic anthropology, Nikos Nissiotis – a courageous searcher of bases of dialogical anthropology, Christos yannaras – a brilliant architect of relational ontology of person, metropolitan John Zizioulas – a persistent builder of personalistic ecclesiological anthropology.
Grecki mnich Teodor pierwszym Prymasem Anglii
Authors: Doroszkiewicz Warsonofiusz
Published: March 2024

The theological climate of the young Church of anglo-Saxon Christians was determined by Irish and Welsh monks maintaining the tradition of the Egyptian desert. The angles and Saxons had a particular vision of the natural world, of the eternal world, a particular comprehension of sin and repentance. rome in its missionary work used them to attach the British Christians the see of St Peter. Britain had no original link with the culture and tradition of the classical Church. It has been particularly established and enforced in VII and VIII, when England received a great dose of classical learning and theology due to the activity of archbishop of Canterbury Theodore and monk Hadrian. The formerly Greek monk Theodore – well learned in the Holy Scripture as well as Greek and Latin classics – was named the archbishop of Canterbury by pope Vitalian under the condition that he should not introduce any typically Greek customs. Theodore named Hadrian the abbot of the Canterbury monastery of St Peter. There and in york young English could pursue classical studies of the Holy Scriptures, poetry, philosophy, mathematics, astronomy, etc. It resulted in significant literary development in Britain, of which venerable Bede is an example.Theodore introduced in Canterbury proto-byzantine canonical law, during two famous synods established doctrinal and ecclesiastical foundations of English Christianity based on ancient orthodox tradition of Eastern part of the mediterranean region. at the Synod of Hatfield, with the other bishops, Theodore confirmed the Nicean Creed, five former ecumenical councils and the generally accepted Church Fathers. They worked also on practical church unity, that is established: common date of Easter with other parts of Christian world, non-intervention of bishops in other dioceses, canonical laws regulating the attitude of bishops towards monastic communities and the decrees against monophysis monks coming from Persia.
O ikonografii świętych w prawosławiu
Authors: Charkiewicz Jarosław
Published: March 2024

The article consists of three paragraphs. The first one talks on roleof the veneration of icons in the Orthodox Church and concentrates onicons of the saints. Its main idea is that the icon, opposite to the portraitin Roman-Catholic Church, tries to show not the human face of thesaint but its spiritual, sanctified face of the saint. The second paragraph talks about iconographical canon and itsvarious elements, as: the role of the light in iconography, the face of thesaints that is presented on the icon, the body of the saints, the meaningthe different colors and various parts of the clothes, the attributes ofsaints, the importance of the time and the space in the icon, the place ofarchitecture and landscape in iconography as well as role and place of thewritings on the icons of the saints. The third, which is the main paragraph of the article, talks on the iconography of the different categories of the saints both the OldTestament as well as the New Testament. The author gives the short outline of the forming of the iconography of various types of saints aswell as explains the meaning of the parts of the clothes that saints wear.The categories of the saints that the author distinguish are as follows: theprophets, the ancestors (fathers, etc.), the apostles, the martyrs, equal-to-the-apostles, saint hierarchs of the Church, the venerable (the monastic),the right-believing, the witnesses, unmercenary physicians, the fools-for-Christ, the passion-bearers, the righteous (the just). The last, short paragraph gives the explanation of the place of the icons of the various saints in the iconostas.
Pembuatan Kue Bangkit Komposit Tepung Jengkol (Pithecellobium jiringa) dengan Perlakuan Perendaman Kapur Sirih pada Tekanan Berbeda
Authors: Pangastika Tsa , Ansori Muhammad
Published: March 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengurangi kandungan asam jengkolat dengan mengkombinasikan perlakuan perendaman kapur sirih dan metode penetrasi menggunakan tekanan pada jengkol sebelum diolah menjadi tepung. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan tiga perlakuan dan tiga kali ulangan. Perlakuan pada penelitian ini yaitu K (100% tepung tapioka), A (komposit tepung jengkol penekanan 5 psi), B (komposit tepung jengkol penekanan 10 psi), dan C (komposit tepung jengkol penekanan 15 psi). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Jika Fhitung > Ftabel, maka dilakukan uji lanjut dengan Tukey pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan kualitas inderawi pada aspek warna, tekstur, dan aroma. Kue bangkit terbaik pada penelitian ini adalah C dengan warna coklat kekuningan, tekstur agak rapuh, aroma jengkol cukup nyata, rasa manis, kadar protein 2,845%, kadar saponin tidak terdapat, dan kadar total asam tidak terdeteksi.
Inovasi Pembuatan Kerupuk Garut dengan Perlakuan Awal Bahan Kukus, Presto, Rebus
Authors: Amirrah Nadia Ismi , Wahyuningsih Wahyuningsih
Published: March 2024

Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui perbedaan kerupuk garut dengan perlakuan awal bahan kukus, presto, dan rebus terhadap sifat organoleptik kerupuk garut yang meliputi tekstur, warna, rasa, dan aroma. Mengetahui tingkat kesukaan masyarakat, dan mengetahui kandungan gizi serat kerupuk garut hasil eksperimen. Metode analisis data yang digunakan analisis varian yang dilanjutkan dengan uji tukey dan rerata skor. Hasil penelitian kualitas kerupuk garut dengan perlakuan awal bahan kukus, presto, dan rebus menunjukan ada perbedaan aspek tekstur, rasa, warna, dan aroma. Nilai rerata pada indikator tekstur pada sampel kerupuk garut dengan perlakuan awal presto adalah sebesar 4,57, diikuti oleh sampel kerupuk garut dengan perlakuan awal presto dengan rerata sebesar 4,52, kemudian sampel kerupuk garut dengan perlakuan awal rebus dengan rerata sebesar 4,00. Nilai rerata pada indikator rasa menunjukkan sampel kerupuk garut dengan perlakuan awal bahan kukus dan presto memiliki nilai rerata yang sama yaitu sebesar 4,52. Sedangkan sampel kerupuk garut dengan perlakuan awal bahan rebus menunjukkan nilai rerata sebesar 4,19. Nilai rerata pada indikator warna pada sampel kerupuk garut dengan perlakuan awal bahan kukus adalah sebesar 4,19; sampel kerupuk garut dengan perlakuan awal bahan presto menunjukkan nilai rerata sebesar 4,19; sampel kerupuk garut dengan perlakuan awal bahan rebus dengan rerata sebesar 3,90. Nilai rerata pada indikator aroma pada sampel kerupuk garut dengan perlakuan awal bahan kukus adalah sebesar 2,48; sampel kerupuk garut dengan perlakuan awal bahan presto menunjukkan nilai rerata sebesar 2,38; sampel kerupuk garut dengan perlakuan awal bahan rebus menunjukkan nilai rerata sebesar 2,95. Hasil uji kesukaan kerupuk garut paling disukai adalah pada sampel kerupuk garut dengan metode pengolahan kukus dengan rerata skor 6,43, rerata skor 6,31 pada sampel kerupuk garut dengan metode pengolahan presto, dan rerata skor 4,86 pada sampel kerupuk garut dengan metode pengolahan rebus. Hasil uji serat pada sampel kerupuk dengan presentase paling tinggi adalah kerupuk garut dengan metode pengolahan presto yaitu 26,64%/0,5g, pada sampel kerupuk garut dengan metode kukus yaitu 25,31%/0,5g, dan pada sampel kerupuk garut dengan metode rebus yaitu 21,88%/0,5g.
The Growth of Vocational High School Students' 4C Skills on the Use of PjBL STEM-Based Physics Digital Module
Authors: Lestari Mugi , Supriyadi Supriyadi , Sulhadi Sulhadi
Published: March 2024

The Partnership for 21st Century Learning (P21) developed the Framework for 21st Century Learning to help education practitioners integrate skills into lesson teaching. This framework describes the skills, knowledge, and expertise that students must master in order to succeed in work and life. One of the skills that must be mastered by students in facing the 21st century is the 4C skill which consists of critical thinking, communication, collaboration, and creativity skills. This study aims to analyze the growth of the 4C skills of SMK students as the effect of implementing the use of PjBL STEM-based digital physics modules. This research is an experimental study with the before-after method, which compares the conditions before and after the implementation of learning activities. Data was collected by filling out a questionnaire with a Likert scale by students. The results showed that the 4C skills of vocational high school students grew significantly.
Noise Analysis Around Jababeka – Cikarang Industrial Area
Authors: Yuliana Yuliana , Fianti Fianti
Published: March 2024

Noise is an unwanted sound from a business or activity at a certain level and at a particular time that can cause disturbances to human health and environmental comfort. Noise can cause psychological and physiological impacts. The Ind is one of the largest industrial areas in Bekasi Regency, West Java. This study aims to analyse the noise levels around the industrial area of Jababeka-Cikarang. This type of research is survey research with a quantitative approach. This study measures the sound intensity level in the Jababeka–Cikarang area, up to a distance of 20 km from the Jababeka – Cikarang area. Data analysis used descriptive analysis in the form of graphs. The study results show that the noise level in the Jababeka-Cikarang area exceeds the threshold set by the Threshold, which is 70 dB to 85 dB.
The Effect of Jump Rope Training Program on the Agility in Deaf Children SLB-B Yayasan Pendidikan Tunas Bangsa (YPTB) Malang City
Authors: Pribadi David Rinekso , Raharjo Slamet , Andiana Olivia
Published: March 2024

Deaf children are those who have lost or suffered from hearing impairment since birth or before the age when their language development is fully formed. One aspect of physical fitness is agility. Through appropriate agility exercises, deaf children can enhance their ability to feel more confident in engaging in physical activities. Jump rope exercises involve coordinated body movements that can help deaf children develop agility, muscle strength, and motor coordination. A pre-experimental approach is used in this quantitative research, and the research design employed is a one-group pretest-posttest. The sample studied consisted of 30 deaf children in grades 3-6 in elementary school. The research indicates that jump rope exercises have a positive impact, leading to an increase in agility in deaf students at SLB-B Yayasan Pendidikan Tunas Bangsa , Malang City. The paired sample t-test results show  a significance value of 0.001. The conclusion is that jump rope training has an impact on the agility of deaf students at SLB-B YPTB Malang City, as evidenced by the increase in scores in the post-test.
Lesson Honing through Different Approaches: A Meaningful Practice of Teaching Research among Chinese Basic Education Teachers
Authors: Zhao Tangqi
Published: March 2024

“Lesson honing through different approaches” (LHDA) is a form of teaching research in Chinese basic education. This article gives a brief overview of this school-based teaching research method and describes general implementation procedures of LHDA using LHDA-based secondary mathematics teaching research as an example. Issues with the execution of LHDA are also discussed.
Education for a Sustainable Future: Transition from Environmental Education to Sustainability Education
Authors: Cheung Alan C.K.
Published: March 2024

The mid-20th century witnessed an accelerated economic development in industrialized countries as a product of the scientific and technological advances. In the meantime, environmental deterioration intensified in the process of development. The ongoing emergence of environmental issues and public hazards awakened people to the fact that the improper exploitation of the environment and ecology is threatening human existence and development. The increased needs to protect and ameliorate the environment have instigated a plurality of environmental education programs.
Propelling High-quality Development of Education: The Promotive Role of Educational Research
Authors: Cheng Xiaoqiao
Published: March 2024

Education, by common consent, is a sophisticated endeavor. As human society advances, people impose increasingly high standards for the quality of education. Educational research has been instrumental in driving educational development and optimizing the function of education. In its broad sense, educational research spans investigations, observations, experiments, systematic discourse and comparative analyses of all phenomena, issues, technologies, strategies, and paradigms arising in the field of education as well as cross-disciplinary studies that relate to education. In its narrow sense, educational research is mainly concerned with education and teaching activities at all levels of schooling (Wang, 1999).
The Correlation between Dimensions of Sustainability Literacy: The Case of British and Turkish Students
Authors: Ozdemir Oguz
Published: March 2024

The acquisition of the competencies of sustainability literacy through education requires an understanding of how sustainability literacy is shaped. In this connection, in the current study, the interaction between the following dimensions of sustainability literacy was investigated; SA (sustainability attitude), SB (sustainability behavior) and SK (sustainability knowledge). The study was conducted as a survey study on university students in the UK and Turkey within the context of a project entitled “Ecological Literacy Education” and supported by TUBITAK (Turkish Scientific and Technological Research Organization). The participants (n:1023) of the study are students attending several departments of Plymouth University in the UK and Mugla Sitki Kocman University in Turkey. The data were collected by using the Scale of Sustainability Literacy and analyzed using AMOS version 24. Although it was understood that there were mutual and positive correlations between the dimensions of sustainability literacy, it was revealed that the correlations between some sub-dimensions of these dimensions showed variation. The results of the study are expected to contribute to revealing the interaction between the dimensions of sustainability literacy in more detail and accordingly to the effectiveness of sustainability education.
The Five-Level Education and Teaching Research System: A Distinctively Chinese Research Mechanism for Basic Education
Authors: Zhou Yucheng
Published: March 2024

China’s five-level education and teaching research system (ETRS) has been instrumental in advancing Chinese basic education. It includes the central-, provincial-, municipal-, and county-level education and teaching research institutions and school-based teaching research offices, which jointly contribute to the enhancement of the quality of education and teacher professional development. There is close collaboration as well as a clear division of responsibility among these institutions. This article expounds on the ETRS’s functions and characteristics, shedding light on its significance for Chinese basic education with a view to providing implications for global education development.
The Implementation of Project-Based Learning in Chinese Basic Education: Challenges and Recommendations
Authors: Hu Ying
Published: March 2024

Project-based learning is a form of student-centered and inquiry-based learning. It differs from traditional instructional approaches by emphasizing students’ acquisition of transferable knowledge through active exploration of real-world problems and challenges. For China’s basic education community, project-based learning is still a relatively novel notion, and its popularization is subject to a variety of challenges. This study aims to pinpoint the barriers to the successful implementation of this pedagogical method in Chinese basic education. Recommendations on how to enhance its application are also proposed.
Allowable bending properties of machine-graded Korean yellow poplar lumber
Authors: Song Da-Bin , Shim Kug-Bo , Lee Sang-Joon , Kim Keon-Ho , Kim Chul-Ki
Published: March 2024

This study was conducted to investigate the feasibility of using yellow poplar as a structural member by determining allowable bending properties. Full-size lumber was classified by machine grading and the knot diameter ratio on the wide surface of lumber. The majority of machine grades of yellow poplar lumber with a cross-section of 38 × 89 mm2 were E8, E9, and E10. It was confirmed that the size of the knot diameter ratio tended to be smaller for higher machine grades. In the lowest grade, E8, of most machine grades, the allowable bending strength was lower than the corresponding design value in Korean standards. Application of 0.5 knot diameter ratio to the E8 grade lumber increased the bending strength to 3 MPa of the allowable value to suit the design value. All the allowable modulus of elasticities values of the majority of machine grades were higher than the design values. From the results of this study, it was expected that Korean yellow poplar could be utilized for structural bending members.
Wild edible mushrooms as an alternative for the consumption of antioxidants and phenolic compounds: An overview
Authors: Téllez-Téllez Maura
Published: March 2024

Fungi are a diverse group, and they are essential for health, the economy, and food. Interest in these organisms has increased because of the importance and effect of their chemical components viz., phenolic compounds, which are considered an alternative source of antioxidants. Antioxidants are compounds that prevent cell damage and can help prevent or counteract certain diseases (cardiovascular, neurodegen-erative, cancer, etc.) because they can improve cell function (changes in enzyme activity, enzyme patterns, membrane fluidity, and responses to stimuli), among others. To date, no adverse side effects have been reported. The difference in production is due to several factors, such as the growth environment, nutrition, cell age, the part from where the phenolic compounds are obtained (pileus, stipe, or mycelium), the extraction method, etc. This article aims to provide an overview of wild edible mushrooms, to promote the study of their antioxidant capacity, and to better understand the nutraceutical potential of edible mushrooms consumed in different parts of the world.
Protesta y conflicto social en Ayacucho como política contenciosa. Una mirada previa al estallido social de diciembre del 2022
Authors: De la Cruz Oriundo José Eduardo
Published: March 2024

Contentious politics regards protests and social mobilization as democratic disputes over the public agenda. Three social protests occurring in the department of Ayacucho before the social outburst of December 7, 2022, are examined under this approach. The three contentious actions and the local reactions to the social outburst are reconstructed through newspaper review. This permitted to identify similar dynamics in the protests and state limitations to channel them into peaceful solutions. Although protests had different agendas, it was possible to identify the recurrence of the Ayacucho People’s Defense Front (FREDEPA). For this reason, the trajectory of this collective actor from its emergence to the present is explored. It is concluded that contentious politics have different results at local and national levels. Locally it amplifies the public agenda, while at the national level polarizes political actors.
Aislante térmico como dispositivo externo para el control de la hipotermia intraquirúrgica en pequeños animales
Authors: Carlos Muñoz Luis , Fernández-Riomalo Andrés , García Valencia Daniela , Marulanda Ariza Daniela
Published: March 2024

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el efecto de un aislante térmico para la reducción de la hipotermia intraquirúrgica en caninos y felinos en la Unidad Didáctica Clínica Veterinaria, UNISARC (Risaralda, Colombia). Se tomaron datos de temperatura preoperatoria e intraoperatoria en 200 pacientes (140 caninos y 60 felinos) sometidos a ovariohisterectomía u orquiectomía. Se analizaron las variables especie, sexo, temperatura corporal con y sin uso de aislante, y temperatura en periodo preoperatorio e intraoperatorio de los pacientes. No se observaron diferencias significativas en el empleo del aislante térmico en los pacientes caninos (p>0.05), pero lo hubo en los pacientes felinos (p<0.01) a favor del uso del dispositivo.
Respuesta reproductiva a la suplementación parenteral de cobre en vacas en anestro y hipocuprémicas
Authors: Pedroso Sosa Rodolfo , Roller Gutiérrez Felicia
Published: March 2024

El estudio se realizó durante seis meses en un rebaño de 5817 vacas hipocuprémicas (<10.0 µmol/L de cobre en suero sanguíneo) en anestro. Los animales fueron distribuidos en cuatro grupos: Grupo I (n=2984): se indujo el celo con aplicación de progesterona y benzoato de estradiol siguiendo el esquema de administración de progesterona en dosis de 60, 90 y 90 mg vía IM a intervalos de 48 h seguido de 1 mg de benzoato de estradiol 48 h más tarde e inseminadas a las 48 y 56 h del tratamiento; Grupo II (n=1314), tratado como el Grupo I. pero se suplementó con una inyección subcutánea de cobre (50 mg); Grupo III (n=1070), solo recibió el suplemento de cobre; Grupo IV: (n=449) control, sin tratamiento hormonal ni suplemento de cobre. Los grupos suplementados con cobre presentaron niveles normales del mineral al término del estudio; asimismo, presentaron tasas de preñez de 24.5% (Grupo II) y de 37.4% (Grupo III), significativamente superiores a la tasa de 19.5% del Grupo I y de 19.0% del Grupo IV (p<0.05). Se concluye que la suplementación de cobre en vacas hipocuprémicas puede contribuir a reducir la tasa de anestro con y sin la administración de una terapéutica hormonal en las condiciones del estudio.
Efecto del suplemento Insulina-Transferrina-Selenio (ITS) sobre la tasa de desarrollo y calidad de embriones bovinos in vitro
Authors: Acosta Lobo Mariano Eliécer , Robledo Salgado Pablo Andrés , Londoño Franco Luis Fernando , Torres Osorio Viviana Andrea , Vásquez Araque Neil A.
Published: March 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Insulin-Transferrin-Selenium (ITS) supplementation in embryo culture on the blastocyst rate and embryo quality. The bovine zygotes obtained by in vitro maturation (MIV) and fertilization (IVF) were transferred to Evolve medium in 4 groups (T1: Without ITS supplement; T2: ITS the first 48 h of culture (CIV1): T3: ITS after day 2 of culture (CIV2), T4: ITS during all culture time (CIV1 + CIV2). All procedures were performed at 38.5 °C, 5% CO2 and 90% relative humidity. The cleavage and blastocyst rates were determined at 48 h and day 8 of culture. The total cell number and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the expanded blastocysts were determined by staining the nucleus with Hoechst and the oxidation of the fluorescent probe dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCFDA). The T4 cultured embryos presented the highest rate of blastocysts (32.6%) and total cell number (145.6) compared to the control group without STI (26.2% and 98.6, respectively; p<0.05). Likewise, the production of ROS in T4 blastocysts was lower (p<0.05) than that obtained in the other study groups. The results show that the addition of the ITS supplement throughout the embryo culture time has beneficial effects on the percentage of blastocysts and embryo quality, assessed by the number of total cells and the production of ROS.
Evaluación de la simetría de la tiroides bovina mediante técnicas de morfometría geométrica
Authors: Parés-Casanova P. M.
Published: March 2024

Fifteen glands from clinically healthy bovine calves were evaluated using geometric morphometry methods. The right and left lobes were studied separately, comparing their differences in size and shape. The results reflected the presence of fluctuating asymmetry for the shape; that is, a deviation from the symmetry between lobes expected for this bilateral structure. No directional asymmetry was found. It is assumed that the degree of asymmetry is completely physiological; That is, fluctuating asymmetry, commonly used as a measure of developmental instability, would not represent in the case studied an inability of the gland to maintain its normal physiology.
Dinámica de excreción de ooquistes de Eimeria spp en alpacas (Vicugna pacos) durante el periparto
Authors: Enríquez Añamuro Carlos , Watanabe Watanabe Raquel , Rosadio Alcántara Raúl
Published: March 2024

Infections of alpacas at very early ages suggest that the dams may act as asymptomatic carriers of some Eimeria species. The aim of this study was to determine the dynamics of Eimeria spp oocyst excretion in alpaca dams during the calving season at the "La Raya" Research and Production Centre, Puno, Peru. Faecal samples were taken from 50 clinically healthy alpacas of the Huacaya breed naturally infected with Eimeria spp in the two weeks prepartum, week of delivery and four weeks postpartum (period December 2018 - March 2019). Dams were categorized into three age groups [A: 3-4 (n=19), B: 5-8 (n=26) and C: 9-12 years (n=5)]. Sample analysis was carried out using Sheather solution flotation and McMaster techniques. The pregnant dams entered the calving season excreting E. punoensis [49/50 (98%)], E. alpacae [43/50 (86%)], E. lamae [5/50 (10%), and E. macusaniensis [3/50 (6%)] but not E. ivitaensis. The percentage of dams shedding oocysts of E. alpacae and E. punoensis increased after the second week postpartum, while it was found a minimal excretion load of E. macusaniensis and E. lamae before and after the calving season. There was a significant difference in opg between A and B, and between the two weeks prepartum and four weeks postpartum, in addition to a very low negative correlation (-0.0538) between the number of opg and age (p=0.0468). Animals infected with E. punoensis presented 6.5 times the prevalence of those parasitized with E. alpacae (p<0.001; 95% CI 2.33-18.13).
Evaluación biológica, fisicoquímica y de potencial tecnológico del tiburón azul (Prionace glauca) procedente del pacifico sur peruano
Authors: Pariona-Velarde Daniel , Reátegui-Quispe Andrés
Published: March 2024

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar las características biológicas, fisicoquímicas y tecnológicas relacionadas del tiburón azul Prionace glauca. Se trabajó con 128 especímenes para determinar sus propiedades biológicas, tecnológicas y 27 ejemplares para sus características fisicoquímicas. Se registraron los datos biométricos de longitud y peso (142 a 281 cm y 10.5 a 93.0 kg para machos; 153.5 a 255.0 cm y 14.5 a 80.0 kg para hembras), índice de alometría (machos 3.27 y hembras 2.87), potencial tecnológico mediante diferentes tipos de rendimientos (RED: 83.9±0.03%, RESV: 67.2±0.04%, RSCV: 48.9±0.07% y RPC: 33.5±0.07%) y capacidad de retención de agua en el músculo (16.1±0.03%). Dentro de las características fisicoquímicas se analizó la composición química proximal (proteína 21.8±0.23; grasa 0.6±0.03; humedad 78.0±0.31; ceniza 1.3±0.01) y los minerales (Cu: 2.0±0.11 mg/kg, Fe: 17.8±1.95 mg/kg, Zn: 25.8±1.76 mg/kg; Ca: 4.3±0.27 mg/100 g, Mg: 95.4±7.87 mg/100 g, Na: 716.3±24.03 mg/100 g, K: 1526.1±54.4 mg/100 g, P: 439.5±15.76 mg/100 g). No hubo evidencia de diferencias significativas en función al sexo. Con base a las comparaciones realizadas con bases de datos de recursos pesqueros, el músculo de tiburón azul no presenta ventajas comparativas relativos al rendimiento, perfil mineral o composición química proximal de otras especies.
Inteligencia emocional y rendimiento académico, ¿variable o categoría en la investigación científica?
Authors: Tello Flores Raquel Yovana , Vela Meléndez Lindon , Fernández Celis María del Pilar , Bocanegra Vilcamango Beder
Published: March 2024

La investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la relación categorial entre inteligencia emocional y el rendimiento académico entre estudiantes universitarios, dado que se trata de categorías cuya similitud aporta importantes datos para discriminar conceptualmente y el uso operacional dentro de la formación universitaria. El estudio se basa en el método prisma, cuya base de datos tienen origen en Scopus, PubMed y Web of Science. La revisión de literatura especializada corresponde a una data de 1011 artículos, de los cuales y, utilizando criterios de análisis, se ha seleccionado 78 artículos y otros documentos. El hallazgo está centrado en la importancia de la inteligencia emocional como categoría/variable que debe ser independiente desde lo conceptual y dentro del espectro de la epistemología al rendimiento académico, considerando que la demostración de ella es una facultad humana útil para el desarrollo humano y que trasciende por cuanto tiene otras categorías en común como autorrealización, autoconcepto, adaptabilidad, autogestión, motivación, autoestima, gestión de emociones, resiliencia, ansiedad y depresión.
Mediación pedagógica en los entornos de aprendizaje virtuales: lineamientos para el mejoramiento continuo
Authors: Bonilla Villalobos Verónica , Ulate Sánchez Rosita
Published: March 2024

La pandemia de COVID-19 ha acelerado el uso de la tecnología en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje, especialmente, a través de los cursos virtuales. Por lo cual, en respuesta a esta circunstancia, se llevó a cabo una investigación-acción sobre la mediación pedagógica en los entornos virtuales de enseñanza y aprendizaje de la carrera de Manejo de Recursos Naturales de la Universidad Estatal a Distancia de Costa Rica. Como resultado, se desarrollaron lineamientos guía para los docentes que diseñan o administran entornos de aprendizaje de asignaturas universitarias. Éstos se organizaron en cinco categorías: bienvenida, diseño, contenido, comunicación y evaluación, y permiten la creación de entornos dinámicos, interactivos y personalizados para los estudiantes universitarios. Al seguir estos lineamientos guía, los docentes pueden mejorar la calidad de la educación en línea en el contexto actual. Además, este estudio puede ser de gran utilidad para otros docentes universitarios que buscan mejorar la calidad de la educación en línea y crear entornos de aprendizaje más efectivos y satisfactorios para sus estudiantes.
Red social como canal informativo y educativo. Una oportunidad para construir puentes.
Authors: Herrera Álvaro , Pulgar Romina , Montalvo Faviana , Jiménez Carla , Blanco Sofía
Published: March 2024

Las redes sociales han transformado la comunicación, el aprendizaje y el intercambio de información. Por lo anterior, se hace necesario profundizar en investigaciones para determinar el real valor educativo. El siguiente estudio observacional longitudinal buscó evaluar el impacto de la cuenta de Instagram de la Escuela de Medicina de la Universidad de Chile. Lo anterior, se realizó mediante un cuestionario y 7 preguntas interactivas a través de la plataforma. Dentro de los resultados, del cuestionario destaca que 55% de los seguidores recibió información importante sobre la carrera desde la plataforma, y un 49,3% se educaron en temas de salud. De las preguntas interactivas se obtuvieron resultados similares, sumado a que 98% de los encuestados afirmó que se promovía el respeto e inclusión LGTBQ + y el 90% consideró que la iniciativa ayudaba a los estudiantes de primer año. De lo anterior, se discute la importancia de crear una narrativa común estudiante-docente mediante el trabajo colaborativo en estrategias informativas y educativas, concluyendo que la importancia de esta investigación en particular no radica solo en la necesidad de difundir información, sino que en la construcción de espacios seguros y respetuosos.
The Student Movement at the University of Buenos Aires during the Last Military Dictatorship in Argentina (1976-1983)
Authors: Seia Guadalupe Andrea
Published: March 2024

En el presente artículo analizo la reorganización del movimiento estudiantil universitario argentino durante la última dictadura militar (1976–1983). En el marco de la Guerra Fría en Latinoamérica, la juventud universitaria con militancia política fue un blanco predilecto del plan represivo sistemático perpetrado por las Fuerzas Armadas luego del golpe de Estado de 1976. Aquí describo cómo y por qué los y las estudiantes procuraron continuar o comenzar con una militancia universitaria a pesar del terrorismo de Estado desplegado sobre las universidades. A partir de la reconstrucción empírica mediante fuentes documentales primarias y secundarias, así como testimonios de activistas estudiantiles en la Universidad de Buenos Aires durante el período seleccionado, presentamos tres subetapas en el proceso de reorganización estudiantil con sus particularidades y continuidades. Explicamos cómo las y los activistas recurrieron a diferentes tipos de convocatorias (recreativas, culturales y políticas), así como a reivindicaciones y formas de organización históricas del movimiento estudiantil argentino ancladas en la herencia de la Reforma Universitaria de 1918, para construir e instalar en la arena pública una agenda propia contra la política universitaria vigente. El movimiento estudiantil universitario sobrevivió a la última dictadura con cambios notables, pero también continuidades, y se constituyó como un actor político respetable y de notoriedad pública en el marco de la transición democrática.
Jóvenes imprudentes: conducta peligrosa y juventud liminal en Nueva España
Authors: Lipsett-Rivera Sonya
Published: March 2024

Las transformaciones dieciochescas en las ideas sobre la hombría en la Nueva España suscitaron una nueva percepción de que los hijos de familias de la elite actuaban de forma escandalosa. Estos jóvenes festejaban toda la noche, se emborrachaban, participaban en juegos, eran mujeriegos y rehusaban cualquier oficio o trabajo respetable—todas actividades que previamente se descartaba como la “locura de la juventud”. Las conductas peligrosas del periodo de la juventud liminal, desde los 20 hasta los 25, antes habían sido toleradas, pero las nuevas ideas de la masculinidad redefinieron estas acciones como una amenaza al honor familiar. Los cambios en las leyes de vagancia permitieron a las familias utilizar el estado para disciplinar sus hijos y suprimir los escándalos. En las denuncias a sus hijos, las familias se permitieron una superioridad moral y contener los escándalos de la conducta de sus hijos. Utilizando las ideas de Ari Adut, exploro la lógica de las denuncias y su uso por las familias de la elite novohispana para entender la ruptura radical de los conceptos del escándalo entre las familias de la elite y su despliegue de las denuncias de vagancia.
Study of Potato Tuber Motion on the Elevator with a Separation Intensifier
Authors: Gadzhiev Parviz I. , Uspenskiy Ivan А. , Yukhin Ivan A. , Ramazanova Gulbike G. , Gadzhiev Imran P.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. When harvesting potatoes from the waterlogged soils, the gaps between the elevator bars become clogged, the soil separation efficiency decreases while damage to potato tubers and yield loss increases. In this study, the authors propose a potato harvester intensifier in the paddle conveyor form to improve the separation quality for specific conditions. It is located under the carrying run of the main elevator apron.
Aim of the Study. The aim of the study is theoretical justification of the potato harvester paddle intensifier for separating potato tubers from waterlogged soils in order to reduce damage to potatoes during harvesting.
Materials and Methods. There was analyzed the work of the separation intensifier with a paddle conveyor located under the carrying side of the potato harvester main elevator with flexible flat blades moving towards the main elevator apron. The intensifier paddle, installed under the elevator carrying side, must act as a pusher when potato tubers stick and fall into the gap between the elevator bars in harvesting potatoes from waterlogged soils.
Results. The analysis of potato tuber motion relative to the bar has showed that under the specified parameters and conditions the pitch of blades equal to 210 mm provides the falling of the ball clod from the bar and blade on the conveyor belt without impact. In order to avoid the friction of potato tubers and impurities with bars, the distance between the intensifier conveyor belt and bars must exceed the gap between bars. When the distance between the conveyor belt and bar is equal to 30 mm, the blade pitch is determined to within 1 per cent by the speed of a blade moving relative to the bar.
Discussion and Conclusion. The conducted theoretical studies of the blade intensifier of potato harvester separation on overwatered soils revealed its high efficiency, which is confirmed by the results of field experiments.
Technical and Economic Efficiency of Using Multifunctional Containers in Primary Seed Production of Grain Crops
Authors: Chaplygin Mikhail E. , Stepanov Kirill A.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. A very common technology of pedigree seed production is associated with manual in-process transshipment of many sacks that over time results in damaged sacks and in worsening of grain storage conditions. In this regard, there is a need to design a multifunctional rigid container, which will provide cost-effective storage of seed grain through the airtightness and control of the indoor environment.
Aim of the Study. The study is aimed at designing a multifunctional container for primary seed production of grain crops with justification according to the criteria of technical and economic efficiency in comparison with pallet spaces and sacks.
Materials and Methods. The state standard for economic evaluation of agricultural machinery was applied to assess the impact of reducing in-process transshipment of many sacks and seed losses in primary seed production of grain crops. Wheat seeds were used as the seed-producing crop under study. As service equipment there were used Wintersteiger Delta plot combine with a cutterbar working width of 2 m, seed bagging system or grain hopper 1.5 m3, Belarus 622 tractor with 1PTS-2 semi-trailer, TOR CD1 10916 electric telpher, and convective grain drying units on the basis of SL-0.3x 2 tray dryer for grain.
Results. The authors of the article have estimated the technical and economic efficiency of using sacks and multifunctional containers in technological operations of harvesting, transporting and drying grain. With the annual notional volume of work in 400.7 tons, the saving of total money costs for a plot seed combine-harvester averages 117.9 thousand rubles. The reduction in the cost of work performance is 32.8%, payback period is 2 years; the decrease in the need for service personnel and harvesters is not revealed. At the same time, the reduction in the need for energy sources is 32.3%.
Discussion and Conclusion. It has been determined that during technological operations of harvesting, transporting and drying, the best seed production performance is when using the multifunctional container with the following indicators of specific cargo turnover, p: Ui = 800 t/km2; Lг = 0.15 km; b = 0.01 km; Lп‒т = 0.5 km, initial humidity of seeds is 21%. In the process of using this container, the production cost, need for service personnel, energy sources and machinery are reduced.
Optimization of Parameters of Adaptive Spray System for Agricultural Sprayer
Authors: Gureev Ivan I. , Nuralin Beket N. , Mukhtarov Murat U. , Kostyuchenkova Oksana N.
Published: March 2024

Introduction. When growing tall-growth crops (cereal crops in late the phases of development, corn, sunflower, etc.), there are used boom sprayers equipped with twin-fluid spray cones with fixed angles of inclination to the vertical of the spray cones. The working fluid is applied with such sprays are more intensively on the front side of the plant leaves while the intensity of covering the plants from the back side with the working fluid decreases. The development of the spray system will allow improving the quality of crop treatment with boom sprayers.
Aim of the Study. The aim of the research is to determine experimentally the algorithm for changing the angles of inclination of a twin-fluid spray cone that provides the same intensity of applying working liquid to the leaves of high-growth plants.
Materials and Methods. The research was carried out on a test bench by applying colored water to the front and rear sides of a tall-growth plant model moving at a specified speed. The experiment was carried out according to the method of optimal planning. The difference between the content of droplets on the front and rear sides of the tall-growth plant model was taken as an optimization parameter. Variable factors were the spray cone inclination angles and the operating speed of the sprayer.
Results. The algorithm for changing the optimum values of the spray cone inclination angles depending on the sprayer speed was determined based on the equality of the first derivative of the optimization to zero parameter by the value of these angles.
Discussion and Conclusion. According to the algorithm, when the sprayer operating speed increases from 1.2 to 3.2 m/s, the optimal angle of inclination to the front spray cone vertical changes linearly from 25 to 21 degrees, and the rear one ‒ from 46.7 to 57 degrees. This algorithm will allow justifying the technical specifications to develop a processor for automatic control of the spray cone inclination angles cones when the sprayer is operating.