bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ЯКІСТЬ АУДИТУ: ДО ПРОБЛЕМИ УТОЧНЕННЯ ПОНЯТТЯ
Authors: Семенець А.
Published: October 2021

Анотація. Метою статті є систематизація та узагальнення наявних підходів до трактування поняття якості аудиту і деяких практичних аспектів його застосування. Однією з важливих тенденцій, яка чітко проявилася в останній час, є найсуворіша вимога до високої якості аудиту. Подальший розвиток аудиту на всіх рівнях нерозривно пов’язаний із підвищенням його якості. Аудиторська інформація є першоосновою для ухвалення управлінських рішень, тому підвищення якості аудиторської інформації і як наслідок якості аудиту сприятиме підвищенню якості управлінських рішень, що звичайно позначиться на економічному та фінансовому стані на всіх рівнях управління, а також сприятиме зниженню інформаційного ризику під час ухвалення рішень усіма користувачами фінансової інформації. Розглянуто значення якості аудиторської інформації в сучасних економічних процесах. Вивчено питання впливу аудиту на розвиток економічних процесів на мікро- і макрорівні. Досліджено теоретичні розробки в напрямі визначення якості аудиту, що має визначальне значення на методологію проведення аудиту, оцінку його якості, достовірність аудиторської інформації, її значення для всіх користувачів фінансової інформації. Ці теоретичні розробки мають також суттєвий вплив на практичну аудиторську діяльність, достовірність наданої інформації, її якісні показники та інші фактори, важливі для користувачів аудиторської інформації. Доведено, що основним критерієм якості аудиторської інформації є її достовірність і відповідність фактичному стану об’єкта аудиту. Дослідження причин глобальної економічної кризи, що розгорнулася 2008 року, із усією гостротою виявило спектр проблем, викликаних рішеннями, які ухвалювалися на підставі аудитованої фінансової звітності. Серед основних причин цієї фінансової кризи, крім загальноекономічних, є якість бухгалтерського обліку і якість проведеного аудиту, які визначально вплинули на банкрутство ключових фінансових установ, що згодом призвело до кризи, а також недостатній контроль для запобігання шахрайським діям підприємств, які перевіряють аудиторські фірми, що є наслідком аудиту низької якості. Дано нове визначення якості аудиту, яке істотно відрізняється від більшої частини чинних на нинішній день. Це, у свою чергу, дає можливість більш точно і правильно визначити напрями, методи, принципи та інші складові аудиторських перевірок, суттєво підвищивши їхню якість. У перспективі підвищення якості аудиту має суттєво скоротити ризики кризових явищ у реальному секторі економіки.
Ключові слова: якість аудиту, аудит, аудиторські послуги, оцінка, контроль, достовірність, фактичний стан, об’єкт аудиту.
Формул: 0; рис.: 0; табл.: 2; бібл.: 31.
THE IMPACT OF DIGITALIZATION ON EMPLOYMENT TRANSFORMATION IN COUNTRIES WITH DIFFERENT INCOME LEVELS
Authors: Pedchenko N. , Tul S. , Shkurupii O. , Deyneka T. , Flehantova A.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. It has been substantiated that digitalization is a driver of the transformation of employment in different countries.The degree of formation of the digitalized labor market by groups of countries with different levels of per capita income has been studied. It is proved that the use of digital technologies by the vast majority of companies and the economically active population simplifies the procedure of job creation, giving the opportunity to work via the Internet within the so-called “on-demand economy”. With the high degree of implementation of digital, information and communication technologies, the share of employees in the service sector is growing in the majority of countries. It is stated that the degree of digitalization of the labor market is uneven in the world. The introduction of modern technologies in high-income countries allows the population to fully realize the intellectual and creative potential, finding a job in the most efficient sector of the economy – the high-tech and knowledge-intensive services. Despite the rapid spread of digital technologies and the rapid growth of employment in the service sector in the upper-middle-income countries, the level of digital transformation of the labor market is much lower than in the high-income countries. Nowadays, there is a digital divide between these groups of countries, although, with the effective policies of governments in the upper-middle-income countries, there is a high probability of achievement of indicators of countries that are digital leaders. The trend of gradual digitalization of the services sector is also observed in the lower-middle-income countries. It is noted that the low prevalence of information and communication technologies in low-income countries makes it impossible for the population of these countries to join the global digitalized labor market. A set of measures has been systematized to harmonize the policies of governments of different countries in the field of labor relations, which are being transformed under the influence of global digitalization. Keywords: digital technologies, digitalization, employment, global digitalized labor market, high-income countries, lower-middle-income countries, low-income countries, upper-middle-income countries. JEL Classification F66, J24, J40, О33 Formulas: 5; fig.: 4, table.: 0; bibl.: 26.
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN UKRAINE
Authors: Sirenko N. , Lunkina T. , Burkovskaya A. , Mikulyak К.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The article states that the financial and economic security of the agricultural sector is aimed at ensuring a sufficient level of efficiency of financial and economic activities; protection from external and internal dangers, improvement of financial firmness, and stability.  It is established that one of the ways to solve these problems is the application of modern approaches to determining the level of financial and economic security of agricultural sector entities in order to identify the most significant threats to the market, as well as the application of modern approaches to improving the level of financial and economic security of the Ukrainian agricultural sector.
 It was found that the financial security of the country directly and proportionally affects the financial and economic security of the agricultural sector, and the presence of problems can prevent the agricultural sector from reaching the desired economic level. The basic elements of financial and economic security in agricultural entities are identified as financial resources, financial stability (solvency), and profitability of operating activities, effectiveness of financial and economic activities, the possibility and cost of attracting external financial resources. The indicators for financial and economic security of agricultural enterprises in Mykolayiv region are assessed and a model of factors influencing the indicator, which is the profitability of operating activity, is developed.
 General and specialist research methods were used to study theoretical, and methodological issues of financial and economic security in the agricultural sector; monographic, causal relationships, and logical modeling are also used in determining the indicators of assessing the level of financial and economic security in the agricultural sector;  method of dynamic analysis  and — in order to assess the rate of economic growth of the main macroeconomic indicators of the country, taking into account the dynamics of their change in the market environment;  calculation-constructive, graphic — when assessing the level of financial and economic security.
 It is proved that the financial and economic security of the agricultural sector is aimed at ensuring a sufficient level of efficiency of financial and economic activities in the market environment, protection from external and internal dangers, as well as creating conditions for long-term development, given globalization challenges.
Keywords: agricultural sector, financial security, financial and economic security, indicators, approaches.
JEL Classification Q14, Q18
Formulas: 0; fig.: 1; tabl.: 6; bibl.: 13.
CORPORATE CULTURE OF COMPANIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF TRANSFORMATIONS
Authors: Holub R. , Ignatieva І. , Serbenivska A. , Sydorenko T.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. In modern economic conditions, enterprises function and develop as a complex organism, the vital potential of which is provided by corporate culture. Corporate culture determines not only the difference between organizations, but also determines the success of their operation and survival in a transformational environment. The successful operation of the enterprise also requires a solid foundation in material, financial and human resources, however, without a well-established corporate culture, the organization will not be able to exist in today’s complex environment. In this aspect, an important role is played not only by the approaches to the diagnosis of corporate culture, which were developed by well-known scientists, but also the practical adaptation of changes in corporate culture to business practice. Among the most significant results of these studies are the method of clinical research by E. Schein, the method of diagnosing corporate culture of the organization, proposed by K. Cameron and R. Quinn, and to some extent the system of diagnostic and strategic management of the company, offered by D. Norton and R. Kaplan.
The methodological basis of the study is a system of general and special methods, which allowed to investigate the impact of the phenomenon of leadership potential on corporate culture. The study was based on the use of: method of comparison, generalization — to clarify and formalize the essence of the concept; method of correlation and regression analysis — to build multifactor regression models, calculate predictive values of integrated indicators of leadership potential for each subsystem, optimize subsystems, determine the degree of influence on type of corporate culture; graphoanalytical method — to provide clarity of the material and schematic representation of a number of theoretical and practical provisions of the study. Methods of computer processing, analysis and display of information using Microsoft Excel, STATISTICA were used for complex analysis. The information base is official publications of international organizations, expert assessments of rating agencies, monographic literature, fundamental scientific developments of domestic and foreign authors, materials of scientific conferences, domestic and foreign publications, electronic resources of the Internet, etc.
Keywords: corporate culture, leadership potential, diagnostics of corporate culture.
JEL Classification M10, M12
Formulas: 0; fig.: 3; tabl.: 3; bibl.: 10.
FINANCIAL ASSURANCE ASPECTS OF THE TOURISM SECTOR DEVELOPMENT IN UKRAINE UNDER CURRENT CONDITIONS
Authors: Matviichuk L. , Barsky Yu. , Lepkyi M. , Karpyuk I. , Podolak V.
Published: October 2021

Abstract. The research deals with the state of the tourism sector of Ukraine under current conditions. The main funding sources for tourism entities have been considered. The financial measures taken by Ukraine and neighboring countries for overcoming the consequences of the pandemic in the tourism sector have been summarized. The importance of effective financial initiative support in the above-mentioned area has been substantiated. Several financial tools that should be used for the development of the tourism sector in terms of the pandemic are presented. The financial instruments of tourist activity stimulation are singled out: direct financing (public funding instruments) and indirect financing (fiscal incentives, state property rent relief, rate of tourist tax, etc.). The main destructive factors of the tourism sector development have been determined, which include: the lack of systematic state support for the tourism entities development under current conditions; a significant level of the tourism sector shadowing; misuse of funds from the land tourist tax; unsatisfactory condition of tourist facilities; worn-out infrastructure in most regions, etc.
The following measures are needed to be implemented to improve the effectiveness of financial instruments for tourism development: the creation of an attractive investment climate in tourism; development of tourist infrastructure; intensification of public funding for tourism and the efforts of local governments to identify internal reserves for funding; intended use of funds from the land tourist tax; use of the potential of the public-private partnership mechanism at the local level; intensification of cooperation with non-governmental institutions, including foreign ones, which are interested in the implementation of tourism development programs, etc. The introduction of anti-crisis key factors, systematization, and consistency in the implementation of the above-mentioned measures will help to stabilize the development of tourism entities in the shortest possible time and achieve a level of economic efficiency and balance between security, public health, and economic interests.
Keywords: pandemic, tourist activity, financial instruments, tourist tax, incentives.
JEL Classification L83, G19
Formulas: 0; fig.: 1; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 14.
NUMERICAL CALCULATION OF THE STIFFNESS OF THE ELASTIC BLOCK OF THE HYDRAULIC SUPPORT SHELL BY THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
Authors: Gordeev B.A. , Ohulkov S.N. , Osmekhin A.N. , Plekhov A.S.
Published: October 2021

The article presents the calculation of the stiffness of the elastic shell of hydraulic supports by the finite element method. This calculation is necessary to know the safety margin of the rubber shell, since with an increase in the resulting vibration, the service life of the MR-hydraulic support decreases, leading to its destruction [1, 2]. The purpose of this study is to calculate and evaluate the maximum shear deformations of the rubber shell of the hydraulic support necessary for the subsequent determination of the stiffness and damping of the hydraulic support at resonant frequencies. The finite element method is used to estimate the maximum shear deformations of the rubber shell of the hydraulic support caused by variable loads.
Modulatory Effects of Metformin Alone and in Combination with Cimetidine and Ibuprofen on T Cell-related Parameters in a Breast Cancer Model
Authors: Taghipour Fereshteh , Oladpour Omolbanin , Rezayati Mohammad Taghi , Khorramdelazad Hossein , Nemati Maryam , Taghipour Zahra , Masoumi Javad , Hassan Zuhair Mohammad , Jafarzadeh Abdollah , Jafarzadeh Abdollah
Published: October 2021

Metformin, cimetidine, and ibuprofen separately exhibit immunomodulatory and anti-tumorigenic effects. Herein, the impacts of metformin alone and in combination with cimetidine/ibuprofen on some Th1- and regulatory T (Treg) cell-related parameters were evaluated using a breast cancer (BC) model.
For establishing the BC model, four groups of Balb/c mice were challenged with the carcinoma cell line. After 11-30 days post-induction, they were treated intraperitoneally (with metformin (200 mg/kg), "metformin plus cimetidine (20 mg/kg)"; "metformin plus ibuprofen (20 mg/kg)", or with all three drugs in mentioned doses. Untreated BC and without tumor mice were enrolled as control groups. On day 31, splenic Th1 and Treg cell frequencies, serum interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) concentration, and intra-tumoral T-bet, TGF-β, and forkhead box protein P3 (FOXP3) expression were measured; using flow cytometry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and real-time-PCR, respectively.
Treatment of the BC mice with metformin alone and in combination with cimetidine and/or ibuprofen enhanced the frequency of Th1 cells, and IFN-γ concentration, while it resulted in a decrease in the frequency of Treg cells, serum TGF-β concentration, and the expression of FOXP3 and TGF-β compared with un-treated BC mice. FOXP3 expression in the metformin-treated group was lower in mice who received combination therapy. Survival rate and body weight were increased, while tumor size and spleen index were reduced in mice treated with metformin alone and its combination with cimetidine and/or ibuprofen. No remarkable differences were found between metformin-treated mice and those who received combination therapies regarding Th1 and Treg cell percentages, TGF-β expression, body weight, tumor size, and spleen index.
The benefits of combinational therapy may be largely attributed to metformin. Immunotherapeutic potentials of metformin in cancers need further considerations.
DETERMINATION OF THE POISSON’S RATIO IN CONCRETE BY USING DITIGITAL IMAGE CORRELATION
Authors: Blikharskyy Yaroslav
Published: October 2021

The article presents the results of the experimental investigation of concrete prismsand determination of the Poisson's ratio using the method of digital image correlation (DIC). Toachieve the goals and objectives of the research, a concrete prism measuring 100x100x400 mm ofclass C50 / 60 was formed. The surface of the prism was cleaned and levelled to a smooth surfacewith a mechanical device and grinding stone. The surface of the prism is then cleaned with a solventto remove dust residues. After that, speckles were applied to determine the strain using the DICmethod. For determine the strain, by using digital image correlation, were used Two FlirGrasshopper 3 cameras with a Computar F25 / 2.8 lens and a Sigma 70-200 mm f2.8 APO EX DGHSM Macro II lens. Stains for image correlation were recorded at a speed of 250 ms. 2 LED lampswere used for lighting. Since the press is not able to record the load in time, to record the load useda camera at a speed of 50 frames/sec. The load was applied evenly at the same rate to the physicaldestruction of the test samples. As a result, the images were processed using VIC-2D software toobtain vertical and transverse strains. The advantage of the image correlation method is the abilityto obtain deformations and, accordingly, the stress of the full surface of the sample. Thus, if weanalyse the horizontal (transverse) stresses for a prism with a concrete strength of C50 / 60, it ispossible to see the appearance of internal cracks in the sample before it occurs outside, at a timewhen cracks cannot be visually fixed. As a result of work the technique of testing of concrete sampleswith use of digital correlation of the image is developed and presented. The Poisson's ratio from thebeginning of loading to the destruction of the sample was determined experimentally by the developedmethod.
Education Systems for Girls’ Education in the Indo-Pacific Region
Authors: Newman Lorenzo , Pelosi Alice , Zino Giovanni , Crespi Silvia , Gordon Rebecca
Published: October 2021

Despite substantial progress over the last two decades, girls in many parts of the world experience worse educational outcomes than boys, particularly at the secondary and tertiary levels. The COVID-19 pandemic appears to have exacerbated this learning gap in many regions, making research on the relationship between girls’ education outcomes and education systems increasingly urgent. This rapid review explores the determinants of girls’ education outcomes in a specific group of Indo-Pacific countries. It examines the education system determinants of these outcomes such as government investment, teacher training, water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) infrastructure in schools, school-related gender-based violence, and indirect costs of education, drawing from pre-COVID-19 data. It also investigates societal determinants such as political factors, poverty rates, labour market participation trends, and child marriage rates. By attempting to explain differences in learning outcomes for girls, it also achieves a typology of countries in the region and suggests ideas for further research and FCDO programming.
Water Security and Climate Change
Authors: Cooper Rachel , Price Roz
Published: October 2021

Attention is coalescing around water and climate change, and the agendas for water security and climate action are converging. There is growing appreciation of water as a crosscutting mechanism for improving the effectiveness of global and national climate change policies (Smith et al., 2019). Water has long been recognised as a central component of climate change impacts as well as being an important consideration in mitigation and effective adaptation – where it can be both an enabling factor and a limiting factor (UN-Water, 2019). However, the connections go beyond just recognising the importance of water for climate change or simply making the “water sector” climate resilient; there is a need for system-wide coherence on water across different national and international agendas and transformational change of water management (UNESCO, UN-Water, 2020). The water crisis and the climate crisis require urgent action, and call for sustained and integrated support, leveraging complementary resources, with enhanced coordination in the context of growing uncertainties. As countries review and implement their Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) as part of the Paris Agreement, there is a unique opportunity to improve and enhance water management practices to increase climate resilience, improve ecosystems and reduce the risk of water-related disasters (UN-Water, 2019).
Soviet existence: collective reflection based on the materials of the RSF grant
Authors:   Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after К. D. Ushinsky, Zlotnikova Tanjana S. , Kuzin Andrey A. ,   Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after К. D. Ushinsky
Published: October 2021

The article systematizes the results of the work carried out at YSPU named after K. D. Ushinsky under the grant of the Russian Scientific Foundation «Philosophical and Anthropological Analysis of Soviet Life. Prerequisites, dynamics, influence on modernity». The grant implementation period is from 2020 to 2022, the analysis was done based on the results of half of the completed path. Information is provided on publications (more than 30 publications from the lists of the Higher Attestation Commission and the ID), on scientific events held from May 2020 to March 2021.: the seminar-discussion «Soviet existence on the eve of the formation of totalitarian and authoritarian framework», the school of young researchers «Soviet existence as it is: aspects of analysis», a round table with the involvement of researchers and practitioners from Russian regions «Soviet existence: from rooting to overcoming», a socio-cultural survey on the topic «Soviet existence-the rejected past or the origins of the present?». Information is given about 10 members of the research team – Doctors of Philosophical Sciences S. A. Nikolsky (Moscow, Institute of Philosophy of the Russian Academy of Sciences), G. L. Tulchinsky (St. Petersburg, Higher School of Economics), Doctors of Sciences and young participants of the project (Yaroslavl, YSPU). The materials of the seminar-discussion with the participation of colleagues from Moscow, St. Petersburg, Samara, Yekaterinburg, Ulyanovsk, Vologda, and other cities of Russia are analyzed. The analysis of scientific publications and reports made under the grant, scientific reflection allows us to believe that the initial hypothesis of the grant is confirmed. The unflagging interest in the Soviet life on the part of people of different generations was established, manifestations of nostalgia among the young were found, signs of forgetting certain phenomena were revealed, the presence of an emotionally acute sense of the events of the Soviet past. We believe that the awakening and consolidation of a respectful and devoid of ideological rigidity attitude to the complex phenomena of the cultural and historical past is being carried out in society.
Facets of the soviet in the memory of media audience
Authors:   Yaroslavl state pedagogical university named after К. D. Ushinsky, Letina Natalia N. , Tryaskova Yuliya M. ,   Yaroslavl State Pedagogical University named after K.D. Ushinsky
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the problem of the current state of cultural memory about the Soviet experience, Soviet existence in the media space in the context and format of memetics. The authors solve three problems: the definition of key concepts that characterize the problem, including the definition of the concept «soviet meme»; identification and overview content analysis of Runet resources updating cultural memory of the USSR in meme format; systematizing the results of a micro-sociocultural survey aimed at identifying the state of cultural memory of soviet. The soviet meme is positioned as a peculiar cultural gene of soviet being and consciousness and is defined as a unit of soviet cultural information, entrenched in cultural memory and reproduced in the infosphere, media environment, culture, mass consciousness, sociocultural practices in accordance with context and modality in the original or transformed state. A significant sphere of the existence of soviet memes is the cultural memory and actual discourse of the soviet. Key components of the media oecumenes of soviet memes in Runet were revealed. The results of a micro-sociocultural survey were systematized, which made it possible to form an idea on the state of Runet users’ cultural memory.
Implicit expression of the author’s self-awareness in Francysk Skaryna’s works
Authors:   Center for research of Belarusian culture, language and literature of the national academy of sciences of Belarus, Brezgunov Aleksandr V.
Published: October 2021

The aim of the article is to substantiate the presence of implicit forms expressing the author's self-awareness in the works of Francysk Skaryna, the most prominent representative of the 16th century Belarusian culture. The choice of this personality is connected with the fact that the earliest manifestations of the author's self-awareness in Belarusian literature can be found in his works. The analysis is preceded by an introductory section, which provides a brief overview of the extent to which the concept of «the author's self-awareness» has been developed in contemporary literary studies. In the first part of this article we consider the problems through the prism of F. Skaryna's poetic experiments, which were found in the prefaces to his translations of the Bible. Poetry as a specific field of creativity allows us to most accurately reveal the hidden signs of the author's self-awareness. In the second part the author’s self-awareness is regarded through a popular genre of church lyrics – the akathist, namely, its kontakion part. Despite the canonical status of the akathist, due to its poetic and melodic nature, it allowed a certain freedom in organizing the material. The author comes to a number of conclusions. The author of the article made a number of conclusions. First-ly, the implicit manifestations of the author's self-awareness in F. Skaryna's works are dualistic in nature, their adequate interpretation is only possible in combination with extra-textual information of the cultural context. Secondly, in his prefaces F. Skaryna uses the methods of tonic and syllabic verse which not only allows him to focus the reader's atten-tion on the important meanings, but also reveals the author's attitude to spoken accented verse, traditional for common people. Thirdly, in the kontakion verse of acathistus F. Skaryna deals exclusively with the rhythmic experiments.
Opening the black box of recurrence in innovation policy
Authors: Suárez Diana , Fiorentin Florencia , Pereira Mariano
Published: October 2021

This paper studies the role that the three theoretical sources of recurrence – the Matthew effect – play in the process of the first and recurrent granting of innovation public funds. Those sources are a firm’s “reputation”, “innovation capabilities” and “formulation capabilities”. The empirical analysis is based on the Argentinean Technological Fund (in Spanish, FONTAR) between 2007-2018. The results show that firms’ formulation skills increase the probability of funds initially being granted, and then additional formulation skills and innovation capabilities increase the probability of recurrence, while reputation does the opposite.
Abordaje multidisciplinario de un paciente con Agenesia del cuerpo calloso
Authors: Matheus Cirit , Beltran Elisama , Araque Francis
Published: October 2021

Se describe la evolución clínica de cuatro años del caso de un paciente atendido de urgencia, por primera vez, a los 17 días de nacido, con manifestaciones de crisis convulsiva y desnutrición. Durante su hospitalización, exámenes de neuroimágenes condujeron al diagnóstico de Agenesia del cuerpo calloso (ACC), malformación que puede ocurrir de forma aislada o en asociación con otras alteraciones sistémicas o del sistema nervioso central. ACC es considerada una de las malformaciones cerebrales más frecuentes, con una prevalencia estimada en 1 de 4000 nacidos vivos. Se revisan los aportes teóricos y clínicos sobre la enfermedad para concluir que la importancia del caso radica en que las estrategias interdisciplinarias utilizadas en el tratamiento han generado cambios significativos en la evolución clínica de ACC. Asimismo, el compromiso y participación de los padres en la implementación de cuidados paliativos, reviste significativa importancia.
PECULIARITIES OF USING TARIFFS FOR INTERRUPTION IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE ELECTRICITY MARKET OF UKRAINE
Authors: Zamulko A. , Ishchenko O.
Published: October 2021

The use of schedules to disconnect consumers from electricity to reduce the load on the UES of Ukraine is an outdated model and may not meet the standards and requirements of the new model of the electricity market in Ukraine. The study of consumer desires and needs is a very promising area in improving the efficiency of the balancing mechanism in the electricity market and is an important factor in calculating interruption tariffs. In this paper, to minimize costs due to power outages, the consumer considers the creation of a hybrid econometric approach that combines the advantages and minimizes the disadvantages of two models: the popular consumer survey model and the econometric model. An econometric model that uses the added value created by a group of consumers for the year is a practical way to estimate the cost of planned outages. The method of consumer surveys is the most popular tool for assessing reliability in the electricity market. The paper proposes to use publicly available consumer data collected through a simple survey of consumers about their actions in case of undesirable power outages, taking into account the specifics of their work. It is worth noting that this study focuses on the interruption scenario that will lead to the highest shutdown costs, it covers only winter outages in the afternoon and eliminates the effect of the difference between time of day and season.
ASSESSMENT OF THE MICROORGANISMS POTENTIAL FOR BIODESTRUCTION OF MOTOR FUELS WITH DIFFERENT CHARACTERISTICS
Authors: Shkilniyk І. , Boichenko S. , Shamanskyi S. , Vovk О.
Published: October 2021

The transport industry is characterized by a significant impact on the environment by waste from its activities, including motor fuels. The most common pollutants in soils and water bodies, especially urban ones, are hydrocarbons, especially toxic aromatic hydrocarbons. The presence of these toxicants degrades the environment and adversely affects the life and health of living organisms. Therefore, the characterization of the impact of motor fuels on the activity of microorganisms with biodestructive potential is important for the controlled disposal of waste transport infrastructure. The article considers the possibility of using different microorganisms to clean soils and reservoirs from contamination by motor fuels with different characteristics by biodegradation. The biodestructive potential of environmentally friendly microorganisms and recovery procedures in case of industrial pollution of petroleum products have also been studied.
УКРАЇНСЬКА НАУКА ПРО ПОВСЯКДЕННЯ СЕРЕДНІХ ВІКІВ: ІСТОРІОГРАФІЧНІ АСПЕКТИ
Authors: Тарасюк М. Ю.
Published: October 2021

У роботі перевіряється припущення, що у наш час історія повсякденності як науковий напрям відіграє вагому роль у студіях медієвістів. Саме тому в статті з’ясовано рівень дослідження історії повсякденності середніх віків в українській історіографії. Визначено, що інтерес до історії щоденного життя різних прошарків суспільства виник ще у XIX ст., проте лише зі зміною наукової парадигми в незалежній Україні та початком ефективного використання теоретичного доробку зарубіжної історіографії розпочалась активна фаза досліджень повсякденності раннього, високого та пізнього середньовіччя. Встановлено, що від специфіки збережених джерел залежить можливий рівень вивчення тих чи інших аспектів буденності різних прошарків суспільства. З’ясовано, що бракує ґрунтовної загальної праці з історії повсякдення українців періоду середньовіччя. Напрацювання з цієї тематики здебільшого представлені в окремих статтях істориків.
ГРЕКИ В КИЇВСЬКОМУ КОМЕРЦІЙНОМУ ІНСТИТУТІ: ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ БІОГРАФІЙ СТУДЕНТСЬКОГО ПЕРІОДУ ТА СПРОБИ САМООРГАНІЗАЦІЇ
Authors: Чуткий А. І.
Published: October 2021

Дослідження побудоване в рамках вивчення студентства Київського комерційного інституту, оскілки його архів становить цінне джерело вивчення українського суспільства початку XX ст. Це обумовлено особливим демократизмом цього вишу в політиці щодо викладацьких кадрів і студентства, зокрема першістю в доступі до вищої освіти представників одразу обох статей, фактичній нівеляції станових та етно-конфесійних обмежень для абітурієнтів тощо. Як результат — його студентство являло концентрований зріз цілого суспільства українських земель, що перебували в складі Російської імперії.

У цій розвідці досліджуються документи з архіву Київського комерційного інституту, що пов’язані з навчанням у ньому греків та справою заснування ними Еллінського (грецького) земляцтва.

Ключові слова: історія України початку XX ст., грецька діаспора, національні меншини, персоналістика, студентські організації.
СОЦІАЛЬНО-ПОБУТОВІ УМОВИ УТРИМАНЦІВ ДИТПРИТУЛКІВ РАДЯНСЬКОЇ УКРАЇНИ В 1920-Х — НА ПОЧАТКУ 1930-Х РР.
Authors: Шугальова І. М. , Молдавський Р. Л.
Published: October 2021

В статті проаналізовано причини появи численної категорії безпритульних дітей в 1920-х рр., охарактеризовано заходи держави щодо подолання дитячої безпритульності. З’ясовано кроки, які вживали громадські та державні установи для подолання даної ситуації. Визначено причини занедбаного стану дитячих притулків. В умовах господарської розрухи коштів, що виділяла держава, хронічно не вистачало. Бракувало й педагогічних кадрів. У результаті в притулках спостерігалися високий рівень захворювань дітей на інфекційні недуги та дитяча смертність. Тим не менше, в умовах тоталітарної держави всі факти проявів дитячого маргінесу ретельно приховувалися. Було офіційно проголошено про остаточне подолання дитячої безпритульності. На початку 1930-х рр. на державних дітей очікували ще жорстокіші випробовування: в 1931 р. дитячі заклади виведено з-під державного постачання, через що там суттєво зросла смертність.

Ключові слова: дитяча безпритульність, дитячі притулки, патронат, соціально-побутові умови.
CONCEPT MAPS, THEIR APPLICATION TYPES AND METHODS IN INFORMATION AND LEARNING SYSTEMS
Authors: Tytenko Sergiy V.
Published: October 2021

Background. The hypermedia environment, which has received a powerful technical infrastructure thanks to the WWW, has led to the study and emergence of new forms and tools of information and educational content presentation. Various methods and means of visualization of educational information increase clarity and facilitate the process of new knowledge perception. Such tools include a wide range of concept maps that have become widespread in many areas related to information technology and education. The challenge here is to find comprehensive solutions that will reduce computing and labor costs for the multifunctional use of concept maps in information and learning systems.
Objective. The work is focused on the review of concept maps, research of preconditions for their origin, analysis of their types and purposes of application in the educational process and learning systems. The main task is to analyze the requirements for interactive concept maps in ontology-oriented information systems to support lifelong learning.
Methods. The use of concept maps in educational systems is based on knowledge modeling, graph theory, ontological modeling of educational content and methods of adaptive e-learning systems. The paper reviews and analyzes the application of concept maps and requirements for them within the information and learning systems.
Results. Concept maps have significant foundation in cognitive and educational psychology, computational linguistics, knowledge engineering and have widespread application in computer supported learning. Concept maps are used as a means of meaningful learning when constructed by students, used to assess knowledge, as well as a means of navigating information resources. Concept maps in educational systems are used to present knowledge to users and serve as interfaces in the process of exploratory search and review of study areas. Information systems provide enrichment of concept maps by means of interactivity, which allows diversifying and expanding its use.
Conclusions. The key requirements for interactive concept maps in information and learning systems are formed, including automation of interactive concept map construction, availability of wide navigation capabilities together with cognitive load control, implementation of interdisciplinary links, media annotation of map elements, complex application of graph interfaces for different parts of the system and adaptation to mobile devices.
A Sphere Held Fixed in a Poiseuille Flow near a Rough Wall
Authors:   OPTIMEE Laboratory, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Lamzoud K. ,   LGEMS Laboratory, National School of Applied Sciences, Ibn Zohr University, Assoudi R. ,   OPTIMEE Laboratory, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Bouisfi F. ,   OPTIMEE Laboratory, Department of Physics, Faculty of Sciences, Moulay Ismail University, Chaoui M.
Published: October 2021

We present here an analytical calculation of the hydrodynamic interactions between a smooth spherical particle held fixed in a Poiseuille flow and a rough wall. By the assumption of a low Reynolds number, the flow around a fixed spherical particle is described by the Stokes equations. The surface of the rigid wall has periodic corrugations, with small amplitude compared with the sphere radius. The asymptotic development coupled with the Lorentz reciprocal theorem are used to find the analytical solution of the couple, lift and drag forces exerted on the particle, generated by the second-order flow due to the wall roughness. These hydrodynamic effects are evaluated in terms of amplitude and period of roughness and also in terms of the distance between sphere and wall.
Üniversite Personelinin Afet Yönetimi Hakkında Bilgi, Tutum Ve Davranışlarının İncelenmesi: Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Örneği
Authors: BULAT Çağlar , ÖZBAŞI Durmuş
Published: October 2021

Doğada kendiliğinden olan ve herhangi bir zarara yol açmayan olaylar; insanların doğal alanları tahrip etmesi, nüfusun hızla artarak yeryüzünde kontrolsüzce yayılmaları afet kavramının oluşmasına sebebiyet vermiştir. Afetlerin zararlarına karşı insanoğlunun en büyük uygulamalarının başında ise hiç şüphesiz bilgi birikimi ve eğitim gelmektedir. Afet eğitimi konusunda en üst düzey eğitimi verebilecek yerlerin başında üniversiteler gelmektedir. Gerçekleştirilen bu çalışma ile üniversite bünyesinde görevli akademik ve idari personelin afete ne denli hazır olduklarını ölçmek, afet yönetimi konusuna hazırlıkları sınanmak istenmiştir. Araştırmanın katılımcılarını üniversitede görevli akademik ve idari personel oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmaya toplam 1493 kişi katılmıştır. Katılıma göre evrenin yaklaşık % 68‘ine (Evren=2491) ulaşılmıştır. Katılımcıların yaklaşık %86’sı akademik, %14’ü idari personelden oluşmaktadır. Gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmanın sonucunda; üniversite de görevli akademik ve idari personelin afetlere hazırlık bilgi düzeyinin orta seviyede oldukları sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. İdari personelin hazırlık bilgi düzeyi ile davranış düzeyi akademik personellerin bilgi ve davranış düzeylerinden daha yüksek olduğu ortaya çıkmış olup tutum seviyelerinde herhangi bir farklılık tespit edilmemiştir. Personelin yaş seviyesi arttıkça afetlere hazırlık bilgi seviyesinde bir artışın olduğu ve bu artışın sebeplerinden birinin alınan afet eğitimi olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Adipose Tissue Radiodensity in Chronic Diseases: A Literature Review of the Applied Methodologies
Authors: Monirujjaman Md , Martin Lisa , Stretch Cynthia , Mazurak Vera C.
Published: October 2021

Background:

The concept of adipose tissue radiodensity is emerging and its relationship to disease prognosis has been infrequently explored. The aims of the present study were to evaluate published literature that explored adipose tissue radiodensity in relation to outcomes in health and disease and to summarize methodologies used to evaluate adipose tissue radiodensity by computed tomography (CT).

Methods:

A comprehensive literature review included all published studies that applied CT imaging of the abdominal region to define adipose tissue radiodensity. The review was performed without regard for study design or quality.

Results:

We identified 22 studies that evaluated the relationship between adipose tissue radiodensity and outcomes. The literature reviewed highlights significant methodological variation in terms of abdominal region selected, slice thickness, contrast media, dose, software, and radiodensity ranges used to define adipose tissues. This is primarily due to a lack of consensus about the effect such methodological variables have on body composition parameters.

Conclusions:

Authors should carefully report adipose tissue radiodensity, especially when it comes to prognosis inference. Consensus on methodology will enable meaningful advancement in understanding the importance of adipose tissue radiodensity in different disease conditions.
The Delivery of Nitric Oxide in the Cardiovascular System: Implication for Clinical Diagnosis and Therapy
Authors: Ma Tianxiang , Zhang Zhexi , Chen Yu , Su Haoran , Deng Xiaoyan , Liu Xiao , Fan Yubo
Published: October 2021

Nitric oxide (NO) is a key molecule in cardiovascular homeostasis and its abnormal delivery is highly associated with the occurrence and development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The assessment and manipulation of NO delivery is crucial to the diagnosis and therapy of CVD, such as endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerotic progression, pulmonary hypertension, and cardiovascular manifestations of Coronavirus (COVID-19). However, due to the low concentration and fast reaction characteristics of NO in cardiovascular system, the clinical applications centered on the NO delivery are challenging. In this tutorial review, we first summarized the methods to estimate the in vivo NO delivery process based on the clinical images and mathematical modeling to assess the endothelial function and vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaque. Then, the emerging bioimaging technologies that have the potential to directly measure the arterial NO concentration were discussed, including the Raman spectroscopy and electrochemical sensor. Aside from the diagnostic methods, therapies aimed at controlling NO delivery to regulate CVD were reviewed, including the inhaled NO therapy to treat the pulmonary hypertension and COVID-19, stem cell therapy and NO-releasing platform to treat endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis.
Efficiency of Micro and Small Enterprises in Ethiopia: Evidence from Data Envelope Analysis Model
Authors: Ayele Abebe Birhanu
Published: October 2021

This study measures the technical and scale efficiency of Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) and input slacks using Data Envelop Analysis (DEA) model and identifies the determinants of efficiencies of MSEs by employing ordinary least square (OLS) econometrics model. A sample of 375 randomly selected MESs are included in the study. The study found that the average technical and scale efficiency of MSEs are relatively low; technical efficiency averaged at 30 percent and 38.4 percent under constant returns to scale (CRS) and variable returns to scale (VRS) assumptions, respectively. Besides, the overall average scale efficiency score of MSEs was estimated at 77.8 percent. The highest mean technical and scale efficiencies were registered in the construction (71.8 percent) and manufacturing (85.7 percent) sectors, respectively. Whereas, the lowest technical and scale efficiency goes to urban agriculture sector and service sector, with 38.9 percent and 67.2 percent, respectively. The level of inputs, enterprise age and sector, human capital, labor productivity variables significantly affect relative technical efficiency level of MSEs with different directions while variables such as start-up capital, gender of the enterprise manager and availability of support from the government identified statistically not significant in determining the MSEs’ technical efficiency.
Scenarios Simulation and Analysis on Electric Power Planning Based on Multi-scale Forecast: A Case Study of Taoussa, Mali from 2020 to 2035
Authors: Kanté Moussa , Li Yang , Deng Shuai
Published: October 2021

A long-term forecast study on the electricity demand of Taoussa of Mali is conducted in this paper, with various scenarios of socioeconomic and technological conditions. The analysis tool, which is applied in scenarios simulation, is the Model for Analysis of Energy Demand from the International Atomic Energy Agency. The analysis results are annual electricity demand and peak load forecast for the electrification from the period 2020 to 2035. During the planning period, the analysis results show that the electricity demand will increase to 49.40 MW (332.57 GWh) for the low scenario (LS), 66.46 MW (472.61 GWh) for the reference scenario (RS), and 89.47 MW (635 GWh) for the high scenario (HS). In addition, the total electricity demand increased at an average rate of 8.13% in the LS, 10.31% in the RS and 12.56% in the HS in all sectors. The electricity peak demand is expected to grow at 7.92%, 10.53% and 12.91% corresponding to the three scenarios; in this case, the system peak demand in 2035 will increase to 64.88 MW for the LS, 92.2 MW for the RS and 126.22 MW, the days of peak load are between 17th -23rd in May. The Industry sector will be the biggest electricity consumer of Taoussa area.
Self-Attention Based Models for the Extraction of Molecular Interactions from Biological Texts
Authors: Srivastava Prashant , Bej Saptarshi , Yordanova Kristina , Wolkenhauer Olaf
Published: October 2021

For any molecule, network, or process of interest, to keep up with new publications on these, is becoming increasingly difficult. For many cellular processes, molecules and their interactions that need to be considered can be very large. Automated mining of publications can support large scale molecular interaction maps and database curation. Text mining and Natural Language Processing (NLP)-based techniques are finding their applications in mining the biological literature, handling problems such as Named Entity Recognition (NER) and Relationship Extraction (RE). Both rule-based and machine learning (ML)-based NLP approaches have been popular in this context, with multiple research and review articles examining the scope of such models in Biological Literature Mining (BLM). In this review article, we explore self-attention based models, a special type of neural network (NN)-based architectures that have recently revitalized the field of NLP, applied to biological texts. We cover self-attention models operating either at a sentence level or an abstract level, in the context of molecular interaction extraction, published from 2019 onwards. We conduct a comparative study of the models in terms of their architecture. Moreover, we also discuss some limitations in the field of BLM that identifies opportunities for the extraction of molecular interactions from biological text.