bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Appraisal of Violence against Women in the 21st Century Nigeria: Gender Perspective
Authors: Ojo Adedeji Amos
Published: February 2023

The persistent rise in violence against women in Nigeria is alarming despising the 1993 United Nations General Assembly Declaration on the Elimination of Violence against Women. This deliberate disregard to international law in Nigeria despite being a signatory to several human rights instruments has become a growing concern to human rights groups, hence international attention. The paper interrogates violence against women in the 21st Nigeria with focus on its Gender affinity. The paper adopts a content analysis which automatically limit the source of data to secondary source. It identified lack of political will, inadequate resources, lack of systematic effort in addressing the menace, slow in ongoing criminal justice reformation and lack of evaluation among others as major challenges in tackling the vice. The paper concluded by recommending amongst political will, availability of adequate fund, systematic effort to address the menace, speedy of ongoing criminal justice reformation process and creation of more research centre for evaluation purpose. Collective efforts in eradicating violence against women in Nigeria is also apt.
De goedkeuring van aandeelhoudersbesluiten bij de verpanding van aandelen
Authors: Renshof A.S.
Published: February 2023

De goedkeuring van aandeelhoudersbesluiten bij de verpanding van aandelen

Ter bescherming van de positie van de pandhouder wordt bij een verpanding van aandelen in veel gevallen afgesproken dat de aandeelhouder bepaalde aandeelhoudersbesluiten niet zonder voorafgaande goedkeuring van de pandhouder mag nemen. De auteur onderzoekt of deze goedkeuringsafspraak de pandhouder voldoende bescherming biedt en formuleert enkele aandachtspunten voor de praktijk.
إمكانية تحول المصارف العراقية الخاصة الى منظمات متعلمة ـ بحث
Authors: العنزي سعد
Published: February 2023

يهدف هذا البحث الى دراسة وقياس إمكانية تحويل المصارف العراقية الخاصة الى منظمات متعلمة، وذلك من خلال قياس واختبار توفر أبعاد الريادية والحوكمة والتوجه الستراتيجي.لقد أنطلق البحث من مشكلته التي تمثلت في حاجة المصارف العراقية الخاصة الى فهم أعمق الى أبعاد المنظمة المتعلمة وبالتالي تأثيرها في نجاح المصرف لتحقيق أهدافه، أو حمايته من الوقوع في الفشل، ومغادرة السوق المصرفية. لذا كان لابد من ايجاد استراتيجية، يكون أساسها التعلم من أخطاء الماضي وانتهاج مبدأ الابداع والمعرفة، ضمن منظومة محكمة تدعى المنظمة المتعلمة.لقد توصل البحث الى العديد من النتائج أهمها أن أبعاد المنظمات المتعلمة في المصارف العراقية تتوافر بدرجة متوسطة، وأن المصارف غير المتعثرة هي الأقدر على التحول الى منظمات متعلمة.
GENESIS OF THE CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND THE DIRECTIONS OF ITS ACHIEVEMENT IN SOCIETY
Authors: Rudevskaya Victoria , Shvets Natalia , Shkvaryliuk Marta , Tanase Victoria
Published: February 2023

To protect the environment and prevent the growth of social and environmental risks, the concept of sustainable development has been shaped. This means meeting the needs of people today without harming the environment or creating other problems in the future. The concept of sustainability is constantly changing, and different people will have different ideas about how best to implement it. In the article, with the help of modern methods of scientific knowledge, an analysis of theoretical approaches to the interpretation of sustainable development is carried out. The relevance of theoretical and methodological studies of the concept of sustainable development as the basis for the development of modern society is substantiated. Based on methodological generalizations, the principles of the concept of sustainable development have been clarified. Based on the basis of the study of the modern understanding of the essence of the concept, the directions for achieving the goals of sustainable development of society are highlighted, and approaches to assessing the sustainable development of socio-economic systems are identified.The article analyzes the dynamics of the world sustainable development index and establishes its growing trend over the past decade and the recession during the global crisis caused by the pandemic. The presented analytical data indicate the intensification of the transition of countries to sustainable development, and this activity is much higher in low-income countries compared to high-income countries. The article substantiates the conclusion about the need to form an appropriate investment potential to ensure the sustainable development of society, which requires a strategic approach that would be based on changing the entire philosophy of thinking and political activity.
An empirical study of financial securities market based on three factor model
Authors: Tian Xueni
Published: February 2023

Recent years, with the continuous development and regulation of Chinese security market, the influence of Chinese financial security market income factor is also being improved, but how to guide the correct operation of Chinese security market and improve the stock income, has become the main analysis research content of Chinese security market. Three-factor model technology provides a certain basis for the selection, prediction, decision and evaluation of financial portfolio. The three-factor model is not only widely used in our financial security market, but also can help listed enterprises to analyze and forecast our financial security market in a convenient tool form, such as: In our country's financial security market, the stock yield of small-scale companies is obviously higher than that of large-scale companies, or even value stock is higher than that of growth stock. This paper mainly analyzes and studies the operating direction of financial securities market through the three-factor model technology.
The spirit of Hu Yang is integrated into the cultivation of socialist core values of college students
Authors: Zhang Qingrun , Zheng Qianqian
Published: February 2023

The Hu Yang spirit with the connotation of "hard work, self-improvement, rooting in the frontier, and daring to dedicate" has inherent consistency with the core values of socialism, is the specific expression of the core values of socialism, is an important part of the core values of college students, and plays an important guiding role. In the process of promoting college education, the educational connotation and spiritual essence of the poplar spirit are used to cultivate the core values of college students, explore the ways of cultivation, improve the pertinence and effectiveness of education, and realize the integration of the poplar spirit into the practice of socialist core values.
Estrategia didáctica en el uso de las redes sociales para fomentar el aprendizaje de la informática.
Authors: Vera Falcones Mercedes Martina , Toala Patricio
Published: February 2023

La presente investigación, tuvo como objetivo diseñar una estrategia didáctica en el uso de las redes sociales para fomentar el aprendizaje de la informática en los estudiantes de sexto año básico de la Escuela de Educación Básica “León de Febres Cordero” del cantón Rocafuerte de la provincia de Manabí – Ecuador. Para alcanzar este objetivo se realizó una investigación con un enfoque de tipo mixto, la misma que tuvo un alcance de tipo descriptivo, empleando los métodos inductivo, deductivo y analítico  los cuales permitieron profundizar el objeto de estudio, la información se logró recolectar mediante la encuesta aplicada a los estudiantes y la entrevista a los docentes y directivos, en relación a las técnicas aplicadas se consideran los resultados relevantes que se concretan en aspectos que permiten evidenciar la deficiente aplicación de las estrategias didácticas para el uso de las redes sociales haciendo notorio el insuficiente aprendizaje de la informática en los estudiantes, desde esta perspectiva se concluye que los docentes tienen dificultades para aplicar este tipo de estrategia didáctica para fomentar el desarrollo de la informática, además de conocer que carecen de conocimientos sobre la importancia de la aplicación de las acciones que ayuden al mejor desenvolvimiento y utilización de las redes sociales como un medio que aporta al proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje en las aulas de clases.
Genetic improvement of cattle through field progeny testing programme: An evaluation of achievement
Authors: DAS A K , KUMAR RAVINDER , RATHEE S K , PRAKASH B , ANILKUMAR K , DUBEY P P , BHAGAT R L , SINGH C B , SINGH UMESH , KUMAR ARUN , TYAGI S , BHASIN VINEET
Published: February 2023

Evaluation of bulls through progeny testing and their extensive use has been a major source of genetic improvement in dairy animals. Adequate numbers of progeny tested bulls are not available in India and whatever small numbers of bulls are progeny tested, they have low repeatability as the progeny tests are based on a small number of daughters mostly reared at the institutional farms. Since the facilities available with the institutional farms are limited, it is necessary that the progeny testing programmes are extended to the farmersâ€™ herds where large number of daughters per bull can be produced and recorded. A mega field progeny testing (FPT) program in mid-eighties was initiated at the Project Directorate on Cattle (PDC), presently upgraded as ICAR- Central Institute for Research on Cattle, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh in collaboration with Agricultural Universities and Non-Government Organization at different agro-climatic regions of the country. This article reviews the detailed progress of the FPT Program executed at ICAR- Central Institute for Research on Cattle since inception.
Simple sequence repeat (SSR) genotypic data reveal high genetic diversity in Rajasthan donkey of India
Authors: SHARMA REKHA , SHARMA HIMANI , AHLAWAT SONIKA , PANCHAL POONAM , PAL YASH , BEHL RAHUL , TANTIA M S
Published: February 2023

Spiti is the only breed of donkey in the list of 160 breeds registered so far for the indigenous germplasm. It points towards the fact that Indian donkey diversity is largely unexplored, in spite of its role in support system of poorest of the poor countrymen. Rajasthan state harbours more than eighty thousand donkey. Genetic diversity underpins population resilience and persistence so a need was felt for the systematic and scientific evaluation of existing diversity in this population. The diversity status of Rajasthan donkey population was investigated by using 20 microsatellite markers. Two of the loci, HMS5 and ASB17, depicted less than 4 alleles and were thus excluded from further analyses. Rajasthan donkey was found to host considerable diversity. This conclusion is evidenced by the number of alleles observed across loci (average 8.16±0.89), and by mean observed heterozygosity (0.688±0.06). Signatures of inbreeding could not be detected by the FIS indices in the Rajasthan donkey population. The population did not suffer any bottleneck in the recent past. The study provides the first scientific assessment of the genetic diversity status of Rajasthan donkey population. This information on the genetic analysis can be used in conjunction with the information on physical and phenotypic characteristics and management practices for registration of this population as a breed.
A new approach for fitting growth models in random environment
Authors: PRAJNESHU PRAJNESHU , GHOSH HIMADRI
Published: February 2023

Nonlinear growth models are widely employed in Animal sciences for describing growth of various species ofanimals. Nonlinear estimation procedures are generally employed for estimation of parameters. However, onelimitation of these models is that they are applicable only when the data are available at equidistant epochs. Another limitation is that the fluctuations in the system cannot be satisfactorily explained simply by adding an error term to the deterministic formulation. The purpose of this article is to bring to the notice of Animal scientists the new approach of Stochastic differential equation modelling, which is capable of incorporating both the above aspects. The methodology is discussed by considering Gompertz growth model. Relevant SAS codes for fitting the model are developed. Finally, the methodology is illustrated on secondary monthly pig weight data, collected at thepiggery farm of Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, India.
FUNKSIONAL VA STILISTIK JIHATDAN MEDIA TILI
Authors: Газиева Дилфуза Мухамедкадировна
Published: February 2023

Maqolada ommaviy axborot vositalari tilini funktsional-stilistik tavsiflashning murakkabligi muhokama qilinadi, ommaviy axborot vositalarining asosiy xususiyatlari, shuningdek, tilning funktsional-stilistik farqlash tushunchalaridagi farqlari tavsiflanadi, "uslub" tushunchalari o‘zaro bog‘liq. " va "funktsional uslub" ommaviy axborot vositalari tilida amalga oshiriladigan funktsional uslubning xususiyatlarini, ommaviy axborot tilini funktsional va stilistik birlikning maxsus turi sifatida belgilashga imkon beradigan omillarni ta'kidlaydi.
ASSESSMENT OF SLOW RELEASE ORGANIC FERTILISER IN OIL PALM SEEDLING GROWTH
Authors:   Agronomic Advisory Department, YAAKOB MOHD SYAFIQ , ISHAK ROMZI , TAJUDDIN ABD RAHMAN , TUGIMAN ERWAN SYAH , TAN CHOON CHEK , SAADUL KURZI ZUL HASYMI , SYED RASTAN SYED OMAR ,   Diversatech Fertilizer Sdn Bhd
Published: February 2023

Oil palm waste (mill effluent and empty fruit bunches) utilisation has become the main alternative for the oil palm industry due to its great potential to be converted into compost, as a nutrient source for palm growth and reduce dependency on costly inorganic fertilisers. Quality compost should be fortified with inorganic fertiliser to provide optimum nutrient supply for vigorous plant growth. Production of slow release organic fertiliser by the adoption of polymer coating agglomeration technology with fortified organic fertiliser has a positive impact on nutrient release while reducing fertiliser application frequency. This paper explains the outcome of field research to evaluate the effectiveness of slow release organic fertiliser (SROF) in comparison to conventional inorganic fertilisers for seedling growth and labour reduction. Seedlings treated with SROF fertiliser recorded 8.6 per cent higher seedling height, 6.5 per cent increase in frond length and 7.5 per cent higher plant dry weight compared to the standard NPK treatment (control). SROF treatment contributed to 38-70 per cent labour cost savings as it requires only two manuring rounds within eight months in the main nursery stage, thus enhancing labour efficiency. SROF application showed a positive impact in the retention of optimum chlorophyll index of seedlings up to 15 months of palm age. Keywords: Slow release organic fertiliser, polymer coating technology, labour cost saving, oil palm waste recycling.
A 2022. augusztus 20-ai előrejelzések meteorológiai háttere
Authors: Szépszó Gabriella , Csirmaz Kálmán , Kardos-Várkonyi Anikó , Lancz Dávid , Simon André , Prates Fernando , Belluš Martin , Neštiak Michal
Published: February 2023

2022. augusztus 20-án olyan összetett folyamatok irányították térségünk időjárását, aminek köszönhetően még a 6–18 órás időtávra szóló előrejelzést is nagy bizonytalanság jellemezte, s az aznap estére szóló előrejelzések csak az időpont közeledtével lettek pontosabbak. Az egyes időjárási események és az arra vonatkozó előrejelzések értékelése nagyon fontos az adott prognózis hátterének megértéséhez, valamint a modellek fejlesztéséhez. Erre került sor 2022. november 24-én a Magyar Meteorológiai Társaság Légkördinamikai Szakosztályának előadó ülésén.
EFEKTIVITAS IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM BANTUAN SOSIAL BAGI MASYARAKAT TERDAMPAK COVID-19 PADA MASA PPKM DARURAT DI KOTA BANDUNG
Authors: Harni Triastuti Maria Rosarie , Febriyanti Umar Afifah Faadhilah
Published: February 2023

Abstract

The purpose of the social assistance program in the city of Bandung is to help families who do not receive any assistance at all during the pandemic, especially during Emergency PPKM. However, the existence of this social assistance program poses many problems. Such as the results of data collection carried out, the process of inappropriate criteria and the process of program distribution. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the implementation of social assistance programs for communities affected by Covid-19 during the emergency PPKM in Bandung City. This study uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques using interviews and document studies. Based on the results of research and analysis that has been carried out, it can be concluded that (1) changes in system operations on process quality indicators are quite effective but the target criteria are not fully appropriate and on indicators of achievement of results are quite effective, but there is a delay in the distribution of assistance from Bank BJB (2) changes in the target group on the process quality indicators are quite effective, but the amount of assistance provided does not meet daily needs and on the indicators of achievement of results is quite effective but the benefits of assistance are felt only for a moment.

 

Keywords: Program Effectiveness, Policy Implementation, Social Assistance, Poverty Alleviation
DYNAMICS OF LAND PRODUCTIVITY IN TERMS OF NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION AS SUB-INDICATOR FOR LAND RESTORATION IN ETHIOPIA: IMPLICATION FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOAL-15
Authors: TESHOME TAMIRAT , KABTAMU GIRMA
Published: February 2023

Land productivity is described as biological productive capacity of a land used as source of food, fiber and fuel to sustain human needs. Land degradation is one of global challenges of our time resulting to food insecurity and migration of people due to lack of inappropriate land use plan and management practices.  Sustainable forest land scape restoration interventions can improve land productivity in meeting for Sustainable Development Goal-15. Study was conducted to analyze dynamics of land productivity in terms of net primary production on six land use and cover class from 2001-2015 using secondary information from Global Earth Trend Observation under Praise-3 portal of UNCCD.  Ethiopia has total land mass of 1,119,715.5 km2. The dynamics of land productivity net primary production on six different land use and land cover class were analyzed from baseline year 2000 to target year 2015. The analyses of land productivity change from 2000-2015 showed that a land mass 204,462.9 km2 accounting 18.26% was improved, while, 328,213 km2  accounting 29.31% was degraded and land mass of 555,726.8 km2 accounting  49.63% was remained stable. Result indicated that specifically tree-covered area exhibited the highest productive land by 85,126.99km2, while the least land improvement was exhibited on artificial land by 95.40 km2. Similarly, grass land exhibited the highest stable land by 97,547.88 km2, while the least was exhibited on water bodies by 184.90km2. On the other hand, grass land exhibited the highest stressed land by 97,547.88 km2, while the least was exhibited by water body 184.90km2. Grass land exhibited the highest declined land by 37,936.88 km2, while the least was exhibited on artificial land by 98.88km2. Even though; Ethiopia has made progressive land restoration intervention through sustainable forest/land management, the proportion of improved land is 18.26% which is much lower than the area proportionally degraded by 29.31%. There was  fast trend of urbanization in rural area with drastic population growth  where large area  is being under pressure due to degradation which implies more efforts is needed in reversing land degradation and increase the productivity for increasing the biological and economic return from land.  Therefore; additional sustainable forest management strategies and programs are needed to be put in place to bring more land under improved in productivity in line with meeting the national land degradation neutrality targets of Ethiopia by 2030; that ultimately reverse land degradation and combat desertification.
Pandemia, una experiencia de aprendizaje a partir del nuevo huésped: COVID 19
Authors: Santander Salmon Erika Stephania , Salazar Tuárez Emma Angelina , Alcívar Mendoza José Pedro
Published: February 2023

La pandemia, producida por el COVID 19, ha tenido innumerables efectos y repercusiones alrededor del mundo. Todas las personas, sin distinción alguna, han podido percibir las consecuencias que de ella se han derivado en distintos aspectos y contextos. Las experiencias vividas con este virus se han podido palpar en todas las circunstancias que el ser humano acostumbra a desarrollar en su día a día: el trabajo, la escuela, las actividades de recreación y ocio, la salud física y mental, entre otros. No obstante, todo lo que se ha tenido que enfrentar no hubiese sido posible sin el rol protagónico que asumió la familia como núcleo de la sociedad ante esta “nueva normalidad” impuesta, pero fundamentalmente ante los grandes desafíos y las expectativas que de esta problemática se han generado en el escenario global. Sumándose a ello, el continuo proceso de innovación, adaptación, ajuste, aprendizaje, desaprendizaje y reaprendizaje continuo.
Human Development Index As An Effort To Increase Economic Growth
Authors: Nurfarkhana Anna , Priadana Sidik
Published: February 2023

Human development is the primary goal of the political, social, and economic process for a country. The concept of human development is in line with the concept of human capital. The reasons why human development needs attention are: first, many developing countries including Indonesia have succeeded in achieving economic growth, but have failed to reduce socio-economic inequality and poverty. Second, many developed countries that have high-income levels have not succeeded in reducing social problems. Third, some low-income countries can achieve high levels of human development because they can use all resources wisely to develop basic human abilities. Economic growth is more than just an increase in income and more than just the process of commodity production and capital accumulation. The analytical approach used in this research is quantitative data analysis. The entire data processing and analysis process in this study was carried out with the help of the computer program eViews 10 for Windows. There is a positive and significant influence of the variables of Education Expenditure, Health Expenditure, and Community Income simultaneously on the Human Development Index in Regencies/Cities in Central Java Province. Where the three independent variables are variables that make up the Human Development Index in the Regency/City in Central Java Province. There is a positive and significant influence of each variable of Education Expenditure, Health Expenditure, and Community Income on the Human Development Index in Regencies/Cities in Central Java Province. The variable with the largest influence on the Human Development Index is the Community Income variable, while the variable with the smallest effect on the Human Development Index is Health Expenditure.
Determination Analysis of Indonesian Palm Oil Commodities in the Covid-19 Pandemic Era on Indonesian Per Capita Gdp and Export Tax Revenues
Authors: Cancerio Reynaldo Ernesth , Murti Wahyu
Published: February 2023

Background: The fundamental problem faced in the process of economictransformation in Indonesia is that the GDP growth of the agricultural andplantation sectors is still relatively low and the contribution of tax revenuefrom exports has not been optimal, especially in the midst of the Covid-19pandemic era.Aim: The data is compiled in the form of panel data consisting of 10provinces producing the largest production of palm oil in Indonesia and witha time series of research period 2012-2021. The research model wasformulated as a linear model and analyzed recursively using linearregression using the ordinary least squares method (OLS).Method: This study uses the explanatory method to explain the causalrelationship in Indonesia's GDP growth model per capita and Indonesia'sexport tax revenue through hypothesis testing.Findings: The research findings are that production, selling prices,exchange rates, and exports have a simultaneous effect on Indonesia's GDPper capita and export tax revenues. In part, Indonesia's GDP per capita ismore determined by production, selling prices, and exchange rates.Meanwhile, some export tax revenues are more influenced by production andselling prices
Telehealth use by walk-in patients who subsequently visited an academic emergency department: a repeated cross-sectional study during the COVID-19 summer 2021
Authors: Mettler Annette C. , Aebersold Eli R. , Piazza Livio , Schmid Sandra , Michel Janet , Müller Martin , Exadaktylos Aristomenis K. , Sauter Thomas C.
Published: February 2023

AIMS OF THE STUDY: During the COVID-19 pandemic, telehealth use increased worldwide in a variety of medical specialities and reached new population groups. A baseline survey of telehealth use prior to admission to the emergency department (ED) conducted before COVID-19 concluded that predominantly well-educated men used telehealth. It is unclear how COVID-19 changed the use of telehealth in Swiss emergency patients. We therefore aimed to investigate (i) the frequency of telehealth use during the pandemic, and (ii) how the pandemic has influenced telehealth use and users.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A repeated cross-sectional study was conducted among ED walk-in patients at a tertiary university hospital in Switzerland. The study took place one and a half years after the first confirmed COVID-19 case, during 30 shifts from 8 to 29 July 2021 and compared with the baseline survey conducted in 2019. Eligible patients were questioned about their use of, and attitudes to telehealth.

RESULTS: A total of 1020 patients were screened for the COVID survey and 443 complete questionnaires were evaluated. A trend towards a general increase (+6.4%) in telehealth use was demonstrated (50.3%, n = 223 COVID survey vs 43.9%, n = 183 baseline survey; p = 0.058), with a shift to more female patients using telehealth in the COVID survey (female 54.9%, n = 124 vs 45.1%, n = 102; p = 0.052). During the pandemic, first use of telehealth was reported by 12.2% (n = 54) of patients, with a significant increase among patients with low educational status, and the latter patients often indicated that they did not plan to use telehealth after the pandemic. The perceived usefulness of telehealth and adherence to recommendations increased in the COVID survey compared with the baseline survey (adherence 90.3%, n = 149, vs 78.0%, n = 131; p = 0.002).

CONCLUSION: We found a trend towards increased use of telehealth among Swiss ED patients. First-time users of telehealth were predominantly less educated and inclusion of these user groups may not be sustainable, as was indicated by the patients. COVID-19 led to greater adherence to telehealth recommendations and higher perceived usefulness. This could be due to the limited access to healthcare providers due to pandemic precautions. When offering telehealth, the needs of all patient groups must be considered, in order to ensure that telehealth provides the greatest benefit with lower barriers to use.
Blue/NIR-emitting Phosphor Based on Sr2CeO4: Tm3+, Yb3+ Obtained by Combustion Synthesis
Authors: OSHOGWUE ETAFO Nelson , CARRANZA Joshua Omar , RODRIGUEZ GARCIA Carlos Eduardo , OLIVA Jorge , VIESCA-VILLANUEVA Efrain , HERNÁNDEZ-HERNÁNDEZ Ernesto , SANTIBAÑEZ Alejandro , GOMEZ-ZAVALA Oscar
Published: February 2023

In this study, pure Sr2CeO4 (SCO) and codoped Sr2CeO4:Tm3+, Yb3+ (SCO:Tm, Yb) of powder phosphors were synthesized by a combustion technique. The concentration of Tm3+ was fixed at 0.5 mol %, while the Yb3+ doping concentration was varied from 0 to 7.0 mol %. The crystalline structure, morphology and luminescence properties were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and photoluminescence spectroscopy, respectively. The XRD analysis shows the crystalline orthorhombic phase for all synthesized samples of SCO and SCO: Tm, Yb. The SEM results show that the doped sample with 5.0 mol % Yb3+ has the lowest grain particle size of 1.92 mm. The SCO:Tm, Yb phosphors produce mainly blue and near infrared emission bands centered at 481 nm and 813 nm (under 980 nm, excitation) which corresponds respectively to 1G4→3H6 and 3H4→3H6 transitions of Tm3+. In addition, the international commission on illumination CIE coordinates were calculated for all samples taking the range of 400 – 700 nm obtaining for the 5.0 mol % Tm3+ doped sample the coordinates: (x,y) = (0.0833, 0.1671) which match with pure blue color. Due to the strong blue and near infrared emissions, the SCO:Tm, Yb phosphors could be good candidates for use in biomarkers or lighting applications.
EU Sanctions against Russia and the Rule of Law
Authors: Kokott Juliane
Published: February 2023

The EU can freeze Russian State and private assets as sanctions. This is justified as “countermeasure” to exert pressure upon Russia that it ends its criminal war of aggression. However, sanctions do not cover definitive measures; freezing cannot be considered as a first step to confiscation. Therefore, the Commission plans “active management” of the frozen assets in order to obtain net return while ensuring the return of the assets themselves. Moreover, assets can be confiscated by the Member States on the basis of criminal confiscation regimes which the Union can harmonize. Such confiscations generally require evidence of a specific criminal offence, typically through a conviction. In some cases, confiscation may also be possible without a criminal conviction provided that a court is satisfied that all the elements of a specif⁠ic criminal offense, or at least a nexus with criminal activity, are present. To make possible more confiscations, the EU has created the new crime of violation or circumvention of sanctions. The idea is that the “proceeds” of such Euro-crimes would have to be transferred to the EU or to Ukraine. In any way, some nexus to a severe crime needs to be established for confiscations compatible with the rule of law.
A Deep Learning Approaches for Modeling and Predicting of HIV Test Results Using EDHS Dataset
Authors: Mesafint Belete Daniel , D. Huchaiah Manjaiah
Published: February 2023

At present, HIV/AIDS has steadily been listed in the top position as a major cause of death. However, HIV is largely preventable and can be avoided by making strategies to increase HIV early prediction. So, there is a need for a predictive tool that can help the domain experts with early prediction of the disease and hence can recommend strategies to stop the prognosis of the diseases. Using deep learning models, we investigated whether demographic and health survey dataset might be utilized to predict HIV test status. The contribution of this work is to improve the accuracy of a model for predicting an individual’s HIV test status. We employed deep learning models to predict HIV status using Ethiopian demography and health survey (EDHS) datasets. Furthermore, we discovered that predictive models based on these dataset may be used to forecast individuals’ HIV test status, which might assist domain experts prioritize strategies and policies to safeguard the pandemic. The outcome of the study confirms that a DL model provides the best results with the most promising extracted features. The accuracy of the all DL models can further be enhanced by including the big dataset for predicting the prognosis of the disease.
Implications of Social Stigma on the Health Outcomes of Marginalised Groups
Authors: Carol Matthews-Mthembu Jacqueline , Khan Gadija
Published: February 2023

Research Focus: Stigma is a longstanding issue for South Africa as it is influenced by a history of typification. Social marginalisation is influenced by a myriad of socially structured norms and those who experience stigma, are often faced with social devaluation within their society. In addition, experiences of discrimination may lead to internalised stigma that may lower the self-esteem and agency as well as negatively affect the well-being of many. Methods: This chapter uses current literature to propose that stigma, remain a public health concern. Recommendations: The findings suggest recommendations that are likely to enhance programme and policy interventions aimed to decrease stigma. Overview Stigma has been a longstanding issue for South Africa as it is influenced by a history of typification. Social marginalisation is influenced by a myriad of socially structured norms and those who experience stigma, are often faced with social devaluation within their society. This policy brief proposes that stigma, and in particular its association with certain marginalised groups, remain a public health concern. It further discusses possible recommendations that are likely to enhance both programme and policy interventions aimed to decrease stigma or at the least, make individuals aware of their complicity in reproducing and maintaining social stigmatisation.
Musculoskeletal Disorders, Workplace Ergonomics and Injury Prevention
Authors: O. Odebiyi Daniel , Arinze Chris Okafor Udoka
Published: February 2023

Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) affect body parts, with severity ranging from mild to intense. When MSDs develop in occupational settings, sequel to the physical tasks involved in the performance of work and the condition of the work-environment, they are referred to as work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). The development and prognosis of any particular MSDs are modified by multiple risk factors, which are physical, individual, and psychosocial, in nature. None of these factors act separately to cause WMSDs, rather, they interact. The goal of ergonomics is to create an ergonomically sound work-environment, with the view to reducing the occurrence of WMSDs. This is premised on adherence to effective workplace ergonomic principles (WEP). By and large, WEP is more effective when done both at the workplace and during the performance of leisure time activities. Often, WEP involves designing the workplace, with consideration for the capabilities and limitations of the workers, thus promoting good musculoskeletal health, and improving performance and productivity. For favorable outcomes, a three-tier hierarchy of controls (Engineering, Administrative, and use of Personal Protective Equipment) is widely accepted as a standard intervention strategy for reducing, eliminating, or controlling workplace hazards. Failure of this strategy will expose workers to WMSDs.
Design of Earth Quake Responses Decentralized Controller in Smart Building Systems
Authors: Mohamed Zinelabidine Doghmane , Said Eladj
Published: February 2023

Many building systems are known to have complex structure with large dimension variables that characterize its mathematical models. In such case, it is basically desirable to use avoid the use of centralized controller due to the possibility of dimension increase during its implementation. The design of decentralized controller has faced tremendous success especially for large scale systems. The main objective of this book chapter is to design decentralized controller for building system in order to avoid the damages that will be caused by the earth quake responses. This controller is designed to increase the robustness and improve the smart building system responses toward different earth quakes. The optimized behavior of the control system has been analyzed and tested in the framework of the inclusion-contraction of the overlapping decomposition theories. Moreover, the application of this control strategy to smart building system has led to significantly minimize the damages that can be generally caused by the severe earth quakes. Thence, the obtained results have demonstrated the usefulness of the proposed controller for constructing smart cities.
Antioxidant Effective Aromatic Compounds
Authors: Celik Hulya , İlhan Kader
Published: February 2023

Systems that destroy the effects of free radicals are called antioxidants. Today, reliability concerns on synthetic antioxidants are increasing. Therefore, the interest of the health and food industry in aromatic plants and natural antioxidants obtained from these plants has also increased. Aromatic plants have been used in many fields, such as food, medicine, cosmetics, and spices since the beginning of human history. Interest in plants, which are natural sources of antioxidants, has increased in recent years. Due to this interest, studies on the use of aromatic plants as natural antioxidant sources continue to increase day by day. As a result of research on this subject, it has been shown that aromatic plants contain many phytochemical compounds with high antioxidant activity. Among these compounds, especially phenols stand out as a secondary metabolite group and play an important role in the total antioxidant activity of medicinal plants. In fact, studies have shown that there is a positive relationship between the total phenol content of medicinal plants and aromatic plants and their antioxidant capacity. Phenolic compounds are obtained from plants and contain one or more hydroxyl groups in their aromatic rings. These biologically active components in herbal essential oils have been used as therapeutic agents, as they are natural sources of antioxidants, inactivate free radicals, reduce oxidative stress, and have been implicated in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food research fields. Thymoquinone is the main active ingredient of Nigella sativa L. It has been used in the treatment of various animal and human diseases for hundreds of years in world history. Thymol and carvacrol are the main components of known thyme, and its derivatives and are widely used in pharmacology. In this review, the antioxidant activities of some aromatic plants, whose importance is increasing day by day, and thymoquinone, thymol, and carvacrol phenolic compounds that can be used instead of synthetic antioxidants in the food industry are mentioned.
The State of Renewable Energy in China and Way Forward in New Scenario Policies
Authors: Adu Daniel , O. Darko Ransford , Kofi Baah Boamah , Abbey Agnes
Published: February 2023

China has a huge undeveloped potential in the field of renewable energy and represents the highest nation in hydropower both in installation and generation worldwide with which contributes greatly in their energy supply and helps in elimination energy demand situation in the country to direct the energy system toward the area of sustainably, clean, and quality energy supply for its safety in the country. The manuscript discusses the current renewable energy systems in China, the potentials for various renewable energy sources, and way forward. It also discusses the expected state of renewable energy in the next four decades in China and the various strategic development techniques. The current renewable energy situations, both demand and supply situations, have been discussed. Summary of the approaches for new development by the various energy sectors in the country as well as support of the government in renewable energies has been analyzed.
The Current Status of Semen and Oocytes Cryopreservation
Authors: Mphaphathi Masindi , Ledwaba Mahlatsana , Thema Mamonene
Published: February 2023

Assisted reproductive technologies are critical in the preservation of gametes from endangered species. As a result, cryobanking is critical in reproduction facilities for the gametes conservation of endangered species for future use. Furthermore, cryobanking allows for the preservation of genetic variability through biotechnological reproduction programs. If oocyte cryopreservation is successful, the timing of in vitro maturation and subsequent to in vitro fertilization (IVF) will be possible. Cattle oocytes are very sensitive to cryopreservation due to their complex structure, and they are also very sensitive to chilling, which can harm their viability. During the cryopreservation process, sperm membrane proteins and carbohydrate composition change, sperm membrane structure is disrupted, and sperm viability is reduced. Extenders are frequently required during cryopreservation, for improving sperm cryopreservation technologies and is therefore necessary to have a thorough understanding of the properties of the extenders. Extenders have been enriched with antioxidants such as Glutathione to protect sperm motility and integrity from oxidative damage and the reactive oxygen species produced during cryopreservation can be neutralized using antioxidants.
What Offshore Sailing Captains Teach Us about Leadership
Authors: Ann Avery Lee
Published: February 2023

This qualitative and exploratory study examines how leadership is demonstrated in the context of offshore sailing through the sea stories of sailing captains’ experiences where there was potential for massive physical, psychological, or material consequences to the crew and/or the boat. The analysis of their stories shows that offshore sailing captains demonstrate the characteristics of in extremis leaders, consistent with prior research, which include inherent and intrinsic motivation, effective sense-making and sense giving during the extreme event, and developing a collaborative team without hierarchy built on trust engendered from demonstrating competence and confidence. The study also revealed a model of how these captains demonstrate dynamic system leadership through continuous learning and acting which prepares the captains to prevent or minimize the effects of the extreme situations they encounter at sea. Through their self-development, technical skills, emotional intelligence, planning and preparation, team management, and constant scanning of the environment they build situation awareness for quick risk assessment and decision-making in moments of in extremis. The captain’s goal at all times is to keep the crew and the boat safe, both physically and psychologically, through normal conditions and during in extremis events, using appropriate decisions and actions, and always remaining calm.
Ethnoveterinary Practices for Indigenous Poultry Health Management by Smallholder Farmers
Authors: Ndlovu Wiseman , Ronald Mudimeli Nyambeni , Mwale Marizvikuru , Mellda Ndou Tshianeo , Segun Obadire Ola , Francis Joseph
Published: February 2023

Most resource-constrained smallholder farmers rely on ethnoveterinary medicine to treat village chicken diseases. An in-depth literature review and empirical study was conducted to establish ethnoveterinary practices used in indigenous chicken health management. The study showed that most village chicken farmers were female (70%). Most farmers kept chickens for socio-economic purposes; food, status and income. Common birds’ ailments treated and controlled using EVPs include Fowl Cholera; Pullorum; Diarrhea; Gumboro; Avian Influenza; Ngorok & Snot (Infectious Coryza); Bloody & watery diarrhea (Coccidiosis). Variety of materials were used to treat and control chicken diseases either as purely indigenous methods or in combination with conventional medicines. Among the practices, medicinal plants like Aloe vera emerged as the most commonly used botanical plant. More so, both literature and the empirical study, showed that farmers prepared and applied A. vera uniquely depending on the region and type of A. vera. Majority of remedies are used to treat more than one ailment. It is recommended that these practices be preserved and considered for new drug advancement and commercialization to promote cheaper and environmentally friendly options for poultry health management.
The Influence of Social Media Networking Platforms on Promoting EFL Learners’ Lexical Competence Repertoire: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Mohammed Kareem Al-Khazaali Husam
Published: February 2023

Language learning is significantly influenced by social media. The growth of social media has become an international phenomenon. People now spend the majority of their time on online services like social networking. These social media platforms give students access to effective learning tools including automated learning and visualisation techniques. Using social media to learn English is engaging and inspiring. This study focuses on how social media enables people to automatically or unintentionally learn English fluently. All second-year students at the AL-Maymona secondary schools for boys in Missan, Iraq, for the academic year 2017–2018 make up the population of this study. There are two courses at the college: A and B, each having 51 and 52 pupils, respectively. The experimental group, Class A, was selected at random. Facebook was the social media platform used to teach students at the EG. With regard to the CG, students were instructed utilising the methods suggested by the required textbook, English Grammar in Use. The researcher taught both the EG and the CG. The study results include that the EG has more achievement and better performance in English vocabulary than those who took the traditional method. It can be concluded that using social media platforms serves the educational and instructional settings for both teacher and learners. Those social media support and increase the performance of the study sample based on the current procedures. The researcher recommends using and adopting social media networking platforms in educational environments because they support and enhance the teaching and learning results and they are fruitful as teaching strategies in the educational process.
Photosynthetic Response and Adaptation of Plants in Perspective of Global Climate Change
Authors: Javad Ahmadi-Lahijani Mohammad , Moori Saeed
Published: February 2023

The intense agricultural and human being activities, especially after the industrialization era, have increased the CO2 concentration, which led to changes in the global climate. Climate change and its consequences, that is, elevated CO2, water stress, and extreme temperatures, have induced many biotic and abiotic stresses and have caused alterations in plant physiology, leading to a reduced photosynthetic capacity of plants. Photosynthesis is the most crucial biochemical process in plants that determines the final dry matter production and productivity of plants. The efficiency and status of the photosynthetic apparatus can be measured by the measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence. Measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence are easy, non-destructive, and quick, and it reflects changes in the general bioenergy status of a plant. Studies have indicated that abiotic stresses emerging from climate changes cause changes in the biological processes of plants and damage the internal structure of photosynthesis and control of the cellular process. Chlorophyll fluorescence, meanwhile, is an effective parameter and an indicator of photosynthetic status and its mechanisms under stressful conditions. Therefore, the photosynthetic changes and adaptation and the role of chlorophyll fluorescence in determining its status under climate change are discussed in this chapter.
Thrombotic Events in Cancer Patients
Authors: Alizadehasl Azin , Hajiali Fini Haniye
Published: February 2023

Cancer poses the highest clinical and social burden throughout the world and is the second cause of death after is chemic heart disease, although will be predicted the first in 2060. Cancer patients are high risk for thrombotic events that are characterized as the second cause of death after cancer itself. Thrombotic events seem to be increasing over recent years according to improved patients survival, novel thrombogenic cancer treatment and central catheter using. As we know thromboprophylaxis reduces the risk of VTE and primary prevention seems to be more effective way to reduce morbidity and mortality in these patients several criteria was designed to reduce this risk. Khorana risk score is the most important of them which designed for ambulatory cancer patients. Some other risk factors for thrombotic events consist of major abdominal surgery and prolonged immobility after surgery, use of thrombogenic medications (chemotherapy agents), old age, obesity, distant metastasis or advanced stage at the time of diagnosis, hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) as a new surgery technique, anemia that requires blood transfusion that recommend special attention should be paid to them.