bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Moisture Migration and Changes in Gluten Network Structure during Hot Air Drying on Quality Characteristics of Instant Dough Sheets
Authors: Wang Yuwen , Chen Jie , Xu Fei , Xue Yuqi , Wang Lei
Published: October 2024

The impact of hot air drying temperature on instant dough sheets’ qualities was investigated based on water migration and gluten network structure changes. The results revealed that the drying process redistributed the hydrogen proton, with deeply bound water accounting for more than 90%. The T2 value decreased as the drying temperature increased, effectively restricting moisture mobility. Meanwhile, microstructural analysis indicated that instant dough sheets presented porous structures, which significantly reduced the rehydration time of instant dough sheets (p < 0.05). In addition, elevated drying temperatures contributed to the cross-linking of proteins, as evidenced by increased GMP and disulfide bond content (reaching a maximum at 80 °C), which improved the texture and cooking properties. Hence, the water mobility was effectively reduced by controlling the drying temperature. The temperature had a facilitating impact on promoting the aggregation of the gluten network structure, which improved the quality of the instant dough sheets.
Effects of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Cyberlindnera fabianii Inoculation on Rice-Flavor Baijiu Fermentation
Authors: Liang Jinglong , Yuan Haishan , Fei Yongtao , Wang Hong , Qu Chunyun , Bai Weidong , Liu Gongliang
Published: October 2024

Rice-flavor baijiu is a distilled Chinese spirit prepared from Xiaoqu culture. However, its dull taste may be a market limitation. In order to enhance the flavor profile of rice-flavor baijiu, two ester-producing yeast strains (Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Cyberlindnera fabianii) were inoculated for fermentation. At the end of the fermentation, the total alcohol and ester contents had also increased by 43.3% and 29.8%, respectively, and the number of ester species had increased by eight. Additionally, eleven flavor substances had significant contributions in the inoculated fermentation process, including several different esters and alcohols. A macrogenomic analysis revealed that the majority of the gene abundances associated with the alcohol, acid, and ester pathways were elevated by the third day of inoculated fermentation, and greater abundances of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Cyberlindnera fabianii, Lichtheimia ramosa, Rhizopus delemar, and Rhizopus oryzaefive, annotated with these genes, were observed from either the pre-fermentation stage or post-fermentation stage. The results demonstrate that two added strains are associated with an increase in the content of the flavor substances. These findings may prove beneficial in enhancing the quality of rice-flavor baijiu through using inoculated fermentation with ester-producing yeast.
Insight into Pelargonium odoratissimum Essential Oil Preservative Properties Effect on Ground Beef
Authors: Ben Hsouna Anis , Ben Akacha Boutheina , Generalić Mekinić Ivana , Čmiková Natália , Ben Belgacem Améni , Bouteraa Mohamed Taieb , Ben Saad Rania , Mnif Wissem , Kluz Maciej Ireneust , Kačániová Miroslava , Garzoli Stefania
Published: October 2024

Pelargonium plants are very popular and well-known for their essential oils (EOs), which are used for medicinal purposes and in food. This study focused on the EO of Pelargonium odoratissimum. First, its composition and antioxidant and antimicrobial activity were evaluated, and finally, its efficacy as a natural preservative in ground beef was tested. The main EO constituents were citronellol (40.0%), nerol (15.3%), and citronellyl formate (12.6%). The antibacterial activity of POEO showed that Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 was the most susceptible strain compared to the other eight strains tested. The antioxidant activity, as measured by the DPPH assay, showed a dose-dependent effect with an IC50 comparable to the standard used, gallic acid. Aerobic plate count, psychotropic bacteria, and Enterobacteriaceae, including Salmonella, were reduced by the addition of Pelargonium odoratissimum essential oils. The oxidative stability was significantly improved compared to the untreated sample. Additionally, the results for metmyoglobin demonstrated a notable preservative effect on sensory properties, including appearance, odor, color, and overall acceptability. The ability to discriminate between all samples and correlate protein and lipid oxidation processes, microbiological characteristics, and sensory measurements was made possible by principal component analysis and heat maps. This research shows the potential benefits of using POEO in the preservation of ground beef by effectively extending shelf life and improving product safety.
Effects of Pine Pollen Polysaccharides and Sulfated Polysaccharides on Ulcerative Colitis in Mice by Regulating Th17/Treg
Authors: Wang Zhanjiang , Li Zhenxiang , Wang Hanyue , Wu Qiu , Geng Yue
Published: October 2024

This study was to investigate the effects of the polysaccharides (PPM60−III) and sulfated polysaccharides (SPPM60−III) of pine pollen on the Th17/Treg balance, inflammatory cytokines, intestinal microbiota, and metabolite distribution in 3% DSS drinking water-induced UC mice. First of all, the physiological results showed that PPM60−III and SPPM60−III could alleviate UC, which was shown by the reduction in liver Treg cells, the rebalance of Th17/Treg, and the modulation of inflammatory cytokines. In addition, the 16S rRNA results showed that PPM60−III and SPPM60−III could decrease Beijerinck and Bifidobacterium, and increase Akkermansia, Escherichia coli, and Fidobacteria. Finally, the metabonomics results showed that PPM60−III and SPPM60−III also restored purine and glycerolipid metabolism, up-regulated nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism and caffeine metabolism to inhibit inflammation. In conclusion, PPM60−III and SPPM60−III could inhibit UC by regulating gut bacteria composition and metabolite distribution; SPPM60−III showed better anti-colitis activity.
Physicochemical Characterization and Thermodynamic Analysis of Avocado Oil Enhanced with Haematococcus pluvialis Extract
Authors: Báez-González Juan G. , Gallegos-Garza Melissa M. , Gallardo-Rivera Claudia T. , Treviño-Garza Mayra Z. , Amaya-Guerra Carlos A. , Rodríguez-Rodríguez José , Obregón-Solís Efraín , García-Márquez Eristeo
Published: October 2024

The consumption of fatty acids offers significant health benefits; however, they are prone to degradation by environmental factors. One method to preserve these fatty acids is the addition of synthetic antioxidants. This study focuses on the determination of peroxide and MDA formation rates at temperatures of 25 °C, 45 °C, and 65 °C. The oxidative stability of cold-pressed avocado oil was evaluated using pure astaxanthin, TBHQ, and H. pluvialis extract at concentrations of 100, 500, and 1000 ppm. Kinetic models and thermodynamic analysis were applied to determine the oxidation rate and compare the antioxidant effects of H. pluvialis extract with astaxanthin and TBHQ. The Arrhenius model was used to estimate activation energy (Ea), enthalpy, entropy, and free energy. Avocado oil with 500 ppm of H. pluvialis extract showed antioxidant effects comparable to TBHQ and pure astaxanthin. The activation energy of plain avocado oil was 40.47 kJ mol−1, while with H. pluvialis extract, it was 54.35 kJ mol−1. These findings suggest that H. pluvialis extract offers effective antioxidant properties and could serve as a natural alternative to synthetic antioxidants in food applications, despite the limitations of unprotected astaxanthin.
Internal Drive or External Pull: Independent Innovation and Sustainable Growth of Chinese Agricultural Enterprises
Authors: Li Lanlan , Lin Qingning , Wang Xiudong
Published: October 2024

The independent innovation of agricultural enterprises ensures national food security through enhancing food production efficiency and optimizing food nutritional quality. Independent innovation is an important way for the sustainable growth of agricultural enterprises. However, in this process, there are issues such as long cycles and high risks. Based on this, using the panel data of China’s listed agricultural enterprises from 2007 to 2021, this study empirically examined the impact of independent innovation on the sustainable growth of agricultural enterprises, as well as the moderating effects of internal drivers (digital transformation) and external pull factors (government subsidies) through a two-way fixed effects model. The findings are the following: (1) The impact of independent innovation on the sustainable growth of agricultural enterprises exhibits an “inverted U-pattern”. When the R&D investment of agricultural enterprises accounts for 77.85% of operating income, the sustainable growth ability of agricultural enterprises is the highest. (2) Compared with large agricultural enterprises, small and medium-sized agricultural enterprises reach the threshold of independent innovation ability later, and the incentive effect range of independent innovation is longer. (3) Independent innovation exerts a more significant “inverted U” effect on the sustainable growth of non-state-owned agricultural enterprises and agricultural enterprises in the mature stage, while its impact on the sustainable growth of state-owned agricultural enterprises and agricultural enterprises in the growth and decline stages is not significant. (4) Government subsidies can help enhance the positive impact of independent innovation on the sustainable growth of agricultural enterprises when it does not exceed the threshold but cannot alleviate the negative impact of independent innovation on the sustainable growth of agricultural enterprises when it exceeds the threshold; investment in digital transformation not only helps to enhance the positive impact of independent innovation on the sustainable growth of agricultural enterprises when it does not exceed the threshold but also helps to alleviate the negative impact of independent innovation on the sustainable growth of agricultural enterprises when it exceeds the threshold. The research results provide data support for agricultural enterprises to carry out innovation activities under internal drive and external pull. At the same time, it is of great significance for the national implementation of the strategy of storing food in technology and food security strategy.
Microbial Food Safety of Sous Vide Cooking Processes of Chicken and Eggs
Authors: Romeo Miguel , Lavilla Maria , Amárita Félix
Published: October 2024

Sous vide cooking implies cooking foods, packed under vacuum conditions, at controlled temperatures (<80 °C). Although this method opens a new window of culinary possibilities, it also involves a series of risks, mainly microbiologically related, that must be assessed. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effectiveness of SV processes to inactivate three important foodborne pathogens (Campylobacter, Salmonella, and Clostridium spores) in chicken breast and eggs (omelet). For this purpose, two levels of inoculation (102 and 106 CFU/g), two different recipes, and two distinct treatments (with and without storage) for each food were studied. After treatments and storage, the corresponding microbiological counts were performed with standard methods. Average inactivation rates observed were 1.70, 4.82, and 4.34 log for Clostridium spores, Campylobacter, and Salmonella, respectively. No significant differences in microbial inactivation were perceived between the different recipes (food composition) or treatments, except for Clostridium spores, which showed a higher inactivation rate (2.30 log) when samples were stored. In general, preliminary results showed that, although appropriate levels of inactivation are reached for vegetative pathogenic cells, in some cases (spores in breast and Salmonella in eggs), the remaining microbiological risks should be considered and further studied, especially if long-term storage is planned.
Environmental Quality, Extreme Heat, and Healthcare Expenditures
Authors: Becker Douglas A.
Published: October 2024

Although the effects of the environment on human health are well-established, the literature on the relationship between the quality of the environment and expenditures on healthcare is relatively sparse and disjointed. In this study, the Environmental Quality Index developed by the Environmental Protection Agency and heatwave days were compared against per capita Medicare spending at the county level. A general additive model with a Markov Random Field smoothing term was used for the analysis to ensure that spatial dependence did not undermine model results. The Environmental Quality Index was found to hold a statistically significant (p < 0.05), multifaceted nonlinear association with spending, as was the average seasonal maximum heat index. The same was not true of heatwave days, however. In a secondary analysis on the individual domains of the index, the social and built environment components were significantly related to spending, but the air, water, and land domains were not. These results provide initial support for the simultaneous benefits of healthcare financing systems to mitigate some dimensions of poor environmental quality and consistently high air temperatures.
Investigating the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Various Brown Algae Species
Authors: Ersoydan Selin , Rustemeyer Thomas
Published: October 2024

This literature review investigated the anti-inflammatory properties of brown algae, emphasizing their potential for dermatological applications. Due to the limitations and side effects associated with corticosteroids and immunomodulators, interest has been growing in harnessing therapeutic qualities from natural products as alternatives to traditional treatments for skin inflammation. This review explored the bioactive compounds in brown algae, specifically looking into two bioactive compounds, namely, fucoidans and phlorotannins, which are widely known to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties. This review synthesized the findings from various studies, highlighting how these compounds can mitigate inflammation by mechanisms such as reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting protein denaturation, modulating immune responses, and targeting inflammatory pathways, particularly in conditions like atopic dermatitis. The findings revealed species-specific variations influenced by the molecular weight and sulphate content. Challenges related to skin permeability were addressed, highlighting the potential of nanoformulations and penetration enhancers to improve delivery. While the in vivo results using animal models provided positive results, further clinical trials are necessary to confirm these outcomes in humans. This review concludes that brown algae hold substantial promise for developing new dermatological treatments and encourages further research to optimize extraction methods, understand the molecular mechanisms, and address practical challenges such as sustainability and regulatory compliance. This review contributes to the growing body of evidence supporting the integration of marine-derived compounds into therapeutic applications for inflammatory skin diseases.
Fluorescence Polarization Assay for Infection Diagnostics: A Review
Authors: Eremin Sergei A. , Mukhametova Liliya I. , Krylov Vadim B. , Nifantiev Nikolay E.
Published: October 2024

Rapid and specific diagnosis is necessary for both the treatment and prevention of infectious diseases. Bacteria and viruses that enter the bloodstream can trigger a strong immune response in infected animals and humans. The fluorescence polarization assay (FPA) is a rapid and accurate method for detecting specific antibodies in the blood that are produced in response to infection. One of the first examples of FPA is the non-competitive test for detecting brucellosis in animals, which was followed by the development of other protocols for detecting various infections. Fluorescently labeled polysaccharides (in the case of brucellosis and salmonellosis) or specific peptides (in the case of tuberculosis and salmonellosis, etc.) can be used as biorecognition elements for detecting infections. The availability of new laboratory equipment and mobile devices for fluorescence polarization measurements outside the laboratory has stimulated the development of new fluorescence polarization assays (FPAs) and the emergence of commercial kits on the market for the detection of brucellosis, tuberculosis, and equine infectious anemia viruses. It has been shown that, in addition to antibodies, the FPA method can detect both viruses and nucleic acids. The development of more specific and sensitive biomarkers is essential for the diagnosis of infections and therapy monitoring. This review summarizes studies published between 2003 and 2023 that focus on the detection of infections using FPA. Furthermore, it demonstrates the potential for using new biorecognition elements (e.g., aptamers, proteins, peptides) and the combined use of FPA with new technologies, such as PCR and CRISPR/Cas12a systems, for detecting various infectious agents.
Effective Synthesis of mRNA during In Vitro Transcription with Fewer Impurities Produced
Authors: He Wei , Geng Qi , Ji Guiying , Li Ji , Wang Dan , He Yucai , Jin Qiuheng , Ye Jianren
Published: October 2024

The remarkable efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines has established mRNA as a highly promising biomedical technology. However, the adequate application of mRNA therapeutics necessitates additional measures to mitigate the inherent immunogenicity, which is predominantly caused by dsRNA. As a byproduct of the in vitro transcription of mRNA, dsRNA was reported to be originated through several distinct mechanisms, including the extension of 3′ loop-back hairpins, the extension of hybridized abortive transcripts, and promoter-independent transcription. The intricate mechanisms involved pose a dilemma as the reduction in dsRNA results in a concomitant decrease in other critical quality attributes of mRNA. Here, we demonstrate that the promoter binding motifs of T7 RNA polymerase directly impact the production of promoter-independent transcription-based dsRNA. Specifically, the G753A mutation significantly reduces the formation of dsRNA byproducts, which can further combine with modified nucleotides to enhance the effectiveness of dsRNA mitigation and with previously reported high-integrity mutation K389A to minimize side effects. Accordingly, the present study reports a cost-effective approach to synthesize high-purity, less immunostimulatory mRNA by using an engineered T7 RNA polymerase mutant.
Acridone Derivatives for Near-UV Radical Polymerization: One-Component Type II vs. Multicomponent Behaviors
Authors: Noon Adel , Calogero Francesco , Gualandi Andrea , Hammoud Hiba , Hamieh Tayssir , Toufaily Joumana , Morlet-Savary Fabrice , Schmitt Michael , Cozzi Pier Giorgio , Lalevée Jacques
Published: October 2024

In this work, two novel acridone-based photoinitiators were designed and synthesized for the free radical polymerization of acrylates with a light-emitting diode emitting at 405 nm. These acridone derivatives were employed as mono-component Type II photoinitiators and as multicomponent photoinitiating systems in the presence of an iodonium salt or an amine synergist (EDB) in which they achieved excellent polymerization initiating abilities and high final conversions of the acrylate group. Photoinitiation mechanisms through which reactive species are produced were investigated employing different complementary techniques including steady-state photolysis, steady-state fluorescence, cyclic voltammetry, UV–visible absorption spectroscopy, and electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Finally, these molecules were also used in the direct laser writing process for the fabrication of 3D objects.
Application of the Wittig Rearrangement of N-Butyl-2-benzyloxybenzamides to Synthesis of Phthalide Natural Products and 3-Aryl-3-benzyloxyisoindolinone Anticancer Agents
Authors: Aitken R. Alan , Cooper Francesca K. , Harper Andrew D. , Inwood Ryan A. , Saab Elizabeth A. , Soutar Ewan J.
Published: October 2024

Application of the [1,2]-Wittig rearrangement and cyclisation approach to 3-arylphthalides has been evaluated for the synthesis of three bioactive natural products. While this is successful in the case of crycolide, providing the second synthesis of this compound, the more sterically demanding targets isopestacin and cryphonectric acid prove not to be amenable to this approach, with the 2,6-disubstituted aryl groups causing the failure of the rearrangement and alkylation steps, respectively. Direct oxidation of the substituted benzhydrols resulting from [1,2]-Wittig rearrangement using MnO2 provides a new route to 3-aryl-3-hydroxyisoindolinones, and this method has been used in the synthesis of two 3-aryl-3-benzyloxyisoindolinone anticancer agents.
Ultrasonic-Assisted Marine Antifouling Strategy on Gel-like Epoxy Primer
Authors: Tang Zhen , Zu Pengjiao , Chen Baiyi , Zhang Xianhui , Lan Jianfeng , Zhang Jiaxun , Zhang Hao , Wang Baoxin , Ma Li , Wu Jianhua
Published: October 2024

Ultrasonic technology has drawn extensive interests for its great potential in marine antifouling applications. However, its effects on the adhesion behavior of marine fouling organisms on marine structures remain underexplored. This work investigated how ultrasonic treatment impacted the adhesion of Pseudoalteromonas on a gel-like marine epoxy primer. And the process parameters for ultrasonic treatment were optimized using response surface analysis with Design-Expert software 11. The results revealed that ultrasonic treatment disrupted the cellular structure of Pseudoalteromonas, causing the deformation and fragmentation of the cell membrane, leading to bacterial death. Additionally, ultrasonic treatment reduced the particle size and Zeta potential value of Pseudoalteromonas, which disrupted the stability of bacterial suspensions. It also increased the relative surface hydrophobicity of Pseudoalteromonas cells, resulting in a reduction in adhesion to the gel-like marine epoxy primer. This study demonstrated that ultrasonic treatment significantly disturbed the adhesion behavior of microorganisms like Pseudoalteromonas on the gel-like marine epoxy primer, which provided an effective approach for controlling marine biofouling.
Application of Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Technology in Rural Domestic Wastewater Treatment
Authors: Li Xinyu , Zhang Xu , Zhao Min , Zheng Xiangyong , Wang Zhiquan , Fan Chunzhen
Published: October 2024

The management of domestic wastewater in rural areas has always been challenging due to characteristics such as the wide distribution and dispersion of rural households. There are numerous domestic sewage discharge methods used in rural areas, and it is difficult to treat the sewage. To address this problem, decentralized wastewater treatment systems (DWTSs) have been installed around the globe to reuse and recycle wastewater for non-potable uses such as firefighting, toilet flushing, and landscape irrigation. This study compares the currently implemented treatment processes by investigating them from the point of view of their performance and their advantages and disadvantages to provide new ideas for the development of rural wastewater treatment technologies. According to conventional treatment technologies including activated sludge (OD, A/O, A/A/O, SBR), biofilm (biofilter, MBBR, biological contact oxidation, biofluidized bed) and biogas digesters, natural biological treatment technologies including artificial wetlands (surface flow, vertical flow, horizontal submerged flow artificial wetlands), soil percolation systems (slow, fast, subsurface percolation and surface diffusion) and stabilization pond technology and combined treatment technologies are categorized and further described.
Selection of Green Recycling Suppliers for Shared Electric Bikes: A Multi-Criteria Group Decision-Making Method Based on the Basic Uncertain Information Generalized Power Weighted Average Operator and Basic Uncertain Information-Based Best–Middle–Worst TOPSIS Model
Authors: Liu Limei , Shao Fei , He Chen
Published: October 2024

This study introduces a novel multi-criteria group evaluation approach grounded in the theory of basic uncertain information (BUI) to facilitate the selection of green recycling suppliers for shared electric bikes. Firstly, a comprehensive index system of green recycling suppliers is established, encompassing recycling capacity, environmental sustainability, financial strength, maintenance capabilities, and policy support, to provide a solid foundation for the scientific selection process. Secondly, the basic uncertain information generalized power weighted average (BUIGPWA) operator is proposed to aggregate group evaluation information with BUI pairs, and some related properties are investigated. Furthermore, the basic uncertain information-based best–middle–worst TOPSIS (BUI-BMW-TOPSIS) model incorporating the best, middle, and worst reference points to enhance decision-making accuracy is proposed. Ultimately, by integrating the BUIGPWA operator for group information aggregation with the BUI-BMW-TOPSIS model to handle multi-criteria decision information, a novel multi-criteria group decision-making (MCGDM) method is constructed to evaluate green recycling suppliers for shared electric bikes. Case analyses and comparative analyses demonstrate that compared with the BUIWA operator, the BUIGPWA operator yields more reliable results because of its consideration of the degree of support among decision-makers. Furthermore, in contrast to the traditional TOPSIS method, the BUI-BMW-TOPSIS model incorporates the credibility of information provided by decision-makers, leading to more trustworthy outcomes. Notably, variations in attribute weights significantly impact the decision-making results. In summary, our methods excel in handling uncertain information and complex multi-criteria group decisions, boosting scientific rigor and reliability, and supporting optimization and sustainability of shared electric bike green recycling suppliers.
Lower-Carbon Hydrogen Production from Wastewater: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Alqahtani Hassan S.
Published: October 2024

Hydrogen has the capability of being a potential energy carrier and providing a long-term solution for sustainable, lower-carbon, and ecologically benign fuel supply. Because lower-carbon hydrogen is widely used in chemical synthesis, it is regarded as a fuel with no emissions for transportation. This review paper offers a novel technique for producing hydrogen using wastewater in a sustainable manner. The many techniques for producing hydrogen with reduced carbon emissions from wastewater are recognized and examined in detail, taking into account the available prospects, significant obstacles, and potential future paths. A comparison of the assessment showed that water electrolysis and dark fermentation technologies are the most effective methods for hydrogen generation from wastewater, with microbial electrolysis and photofermentation. Thus, the incorporation of systems that are simultaneously producing lower-carbon hydrogen and meant for wastewater treatment is important for the minimization of emissions from greenhouse gases and recovering the energy utilized in the treatment of wastewater.
Assessing the effectiveness of complex programs for adaptation and preparation for the functioning of the biomechanical «human-prosthesis» system, taking into account the level of lower limb amputation
Authors:   «CITO», JSC, Moscow, Russia, Spektor V. S. , Skoblin A. A., ,   «CITO», JSC, Moscow, Russia, Monakhova M. I., ,   «CITO», JSC, Moscow, Russia, Lyadov K. V. ,   I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Department of Sports Medicine and Medical Rehabilitation, «Moscow Center for Restorative Treatment» LLC,Moscow, Russia, Koneva E. S. ,   I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Department of Sports Medicine and Medical Rehabilitation, Moscow, Russia, Illarionov V. E.
Published: October 2024

Abstract. The relevance of the problem of adaptation and preparation for the effective functioning of the biomechanical «human-prosthesis» system is dictated by the high need caused by the growing number of patients with lower limb amputations, both due to chronic diseases or domestic injuries, and due to trauma as a result of combat operations. Objective to evaluate. The effectiveness of complex adaptation and preparation programs for the functioning of the biomechanical «human-prosthesis» system, taking into account the level of lower limb amputation. Material and methods. 60 patients who underwent primary prosthetics at JSC CITO took part in the study, of which 26 patients had amputations at the hip level and 34 patients with amputations at the tibia level. All patients received comprehensive adaptation programs, including: stabilometric training on the COBS platform (Physiomed, Germany); practicing linear walking in a body weight unloading system on a treadmill and in a ceiling rail system; walking training on the «CMill» track (Physiomed, Germany and in the robotic complex «G-EO System» (Physiomed, Germany). The course of physiotherapy included: electrical myostimulation; shock wave therapy of the postoperative scar area; vacuum lymphatic drainage of the limb stump; local magnetic therapy of the limb stump. Results. Under the influence of the complex adaptation course, high clinical effectiveness was noted, which was manifested in achieving better functioning of the biomechanical «human-prosthesis» system and was confirmed by the high effectiveness of restoration of biomechanical, speed and coordination parameters of walking during podometric assessment of the walking stereotype. Also, as a result of the study, predictors of a favorable outcome were identified, both with any type of prosthetics, and specifically taking into account the level of amputation, and the optimal duration of the adaptation course was determined, taking into account the level of amputation. Conclusion: the use of developed programs for adaptation and preparation for the effective functioning of the biomechanical «human-prosthesis» system is a highly effective method of restoring patients after primary prosthetics of the lower limb and requires not only an integrated, but also a personalized approach to implementation, taking into account the level of amputation.
A Novel Crossover based Discrete Artificial Algae Algorithm for Solving Traveling Salesman Problem
Authors: Nureddin Refik , Koc Ismail , Ali Uymaz Sait
Published: October 2024

The Artificial Algae Algorithm (AAA) is a newly proposed metaheuristic algorithm that is inspired by microalgae behaviors. This algorithm has been proposed for solving continuous optimization problems and achieved good results for the continuous problems. In addition, binary versions of AAA are proposed in the literature. This paper presents a discrete version of AAA, which is named Discrete Artificial Algae Algorithm (DAAA). For discretization of AAA, Crossover operators (one-point and uniform) are used in the processes (helical movement, evolutionary process, and adaptation). In this study, in addition to crossover operators, transformation operators such as swapping, insertion, symmetry, and reversion are also used. DAAA’s performance was analyzed on a well-known discrete optimization problem called the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). DAAA was tested on thirty-two Benchmark instances of the TSP. These instances were small-sized, medium-sized, and large-sized. Firstly, the AAA processes (evolutionary process, adaptation, and helical movement) with the combination of nearest neighbor and transformation operators were tested for selected benchmark instances and this testing was called Process Analysis. After this process Analysis the best processes with which to continue were selected, and after this decision comparisons with other algorithms were started. The main comparison is between discrete Social Spider Algorithm (DSSA) and DAAA, and DAAA outperformed DSSA on most of the problems. Further, DAAA’s performance on some of the benchmark instances was compared with some of the well-known algorithms for TSP. In this comparison, DAAA has achieved better results than many other algorithms. Experimental results show that DAAA has the capability of solving discrete optimization problems and outperforming other algorithms.
HYAQP: A Hybrid Meta-Heuristic Optimization Model for Air Quality Prediction Using Unsupervised Machine Learning Paradigms
Authors: Vasudevan Praveena , Ekambaram Chitra
Published: October 2024

In the current decade, presence of air pollution leads towards serious health conditions, including respiratory ailments, cardiovascular disorders, and lung cancer, which impacts both the lifespan and overall well-being of individuals. Moreover, the air pollution has the potential to have detrimental effects on the environment, resulting in destruction to ecosystems, decreased agricultural output and so on. Emission control systems, better fuels, stronger laws, energy efficiency improvements, and renewable energy promotion are helping industries reduce air pollution. To monitor the quality of air methods such as Particulate Matter (PM2.5), PM10, Ozone (O3), and other meteorological indicators exists. These measures pose real-time air quality however it fails to predict air quality. Predicting air quality helps reduce air pollution by enabling timely interventions and preventive measures to mitigate pollution peaks. Thus, in this research a hybrid version of optimization algorithm namely Hybrid Air Quality Prediction system (HYAQP) which is a combination of k-means clustering algorithm and meta-heuristic algorithm Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA) is proposed. The HYAQP holds SCA integrated with k-means algorithm to find optimal cluster centroid for grouping the air data into three clusters good, poor, and moderate quality. Then the cluster which is nearer to the test instance is found and the instances present in those clusters are passed to K-Nearest Neighbor Regressor (K-NNR). Comparing HYAQP on mean absolute error it outperforms 62.9% than Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), 58.5% than Support Vector Regression (SVR), 45.5% than Vanilla-Long Short-Term Memory (Vanilla-LSTM), 44.4% than Sparrow Search Algorithm based-LSTM (SSA-LSTM) and 53.8% than K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN).
Study on the test method of activated carbon fiber for radioactive material adsorption
Authors:   Society for Standards, Certification and Safety, Cho Wooseok , Na Dayun , Lee Joonhyuk , Choi Sangsun
Published: October 2024

The global demand for energy is escalating due to the increased power consumption for AI data centers, leading to the expansion of nuclear power facilities and a subsequent rise in radioactive waste generation. To address this, activated carbon filter systems have been employed in nuclear power plants to adsorb and prevent the atmospheric release of radioactive iodine, a byproduct of these facilities. However, the substantial annual discharge of activated carbon is causing challenges such as a shortage of waste storage facilities. To mitigate this issue, this study investigated the application of activated carbon fiber (ACF) in nuclear power plant filter systems. Adhering to existing standards for radioactive material adsorption, we established a suitable testing environment for ACF and conducted adsorption and removal tests. The results demonstrated a maximum removal efficiency of over 99.918% for radioactive iodine, indicating a performance comparable or superior to that of conventional activated carbon used in current processes. This research is expected to contribute positively to the diversification of materials used for radioactive material adsorption and removal in nuclear power plants, as well as the establishment of relevant standards.
The impact of TBT and Unnotified technical regulations on South Korea’s export: An approach using gravity model and PPML methodology
Authors:   Society for Standards, Certification and Safety, Lee Sangbhin , Kim Hyeyoung , Kim Jaeyoung
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the impact of Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) and unnotified technologies on South Korea’s foreign exports, analyzing the background and objectives. With the expansion of regional economic blocks such as FTAs, the EU, and NAFTA, the scope of non-tariff barriers, including TBT and Sanitary and Phytosanitary (SPS) measures, has broadened. These non-tariff barriers, often implemented for safety purposes like environmental protection, can increase shipping and compliance costs, imposing a burden on domestic industries. The main objective of this study is to quantitatively evaluate the effects of TBT and unnotified technologies on South Korea's exports across various industries from 1995 to 2022. To achieve this, we employ the gravity model, one of the most widely used models in explaining trade conflicts, alongside the Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (PPML) method, which is suitable for handling the complexities of trade data with zero trade flows. This approach enables a detailed analysis of the impact of TBT and unnotified technologies on export performance, disaggregated by objective and industry. The results reveal that while TBT has a positive effect in promoting exports, unnotified technologies have a negative impact. These findings highlight the importance of distinguishing between the two in international trade negotiations.
МИНИМИЗАЦИЯ НЕГАТИВНОГО ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЯ САНКЦИОННЫХ ОГРАНИЧЕНИЙ
Authors: КОЗЛИТИНА О.М. , МОРОЗОВА О.И. , ТИХОМИРОВ Е.А.
Published: October 2024

Введение международных санкций становится обоюдоострым мечом в сфере глобальной дипломатии, служащим одновременно инструментом обеспечения соблюдения международных норм и катализатором непредвиденных экономических и социальных трудностей. Поскольку страны плывут по бурным водам глобальной экономики, способность эффективно смягчать негативные последствия санкционных ограничений становится первостепенной. В статье рассмотрены стратегии, используемые странами и бизнесом для минимизации негативных последствий санкций.

The imposition of international sanctions becomes a double-edged sword in global diplomacy, serving both as a tool for enforcing international norms and as a catalyst for unforeseen economic and social difficulties. As countries navigate the turbulent waters of the global economy, the ability to effectively mitigate the negative impacts of sanctions restrictions becomes paramount. The article examines the strategies used by countries and businesses to minimize the negative consequences of sanctions.
МЕТОДЫ СТИМУЛИРОВАНИЯ ЭКСПОРТА (ЧАСТЬ II)
Authors: РЫБИНЕЦ А.Г.
Published: October 2024

Данная статья посвящена всестороннему рассмотрению методов стимулирования экспортной деятельности. В ней анализируются теоретические основы стимулирования экспорта, включая понятие, значение, экономические механизмы, а также правовые и административные аспекты. Затем подробно описываются методы стимулирования на государственном уровне, такие как налоговые льготы, субсидии, финансовая поддержка, страхование экспортных кредитов и гарантии. Кроме того, рассматриваются методы на уровне компаний: внутренние программы поощрения, информационная и консультационная поддержка, развитие экспортного потенциала и продвижение на внешние рынки. Статья дает комплексное представление о различных инструментах содействия экспорту, применяемых государством и предприятиями, и служит полезным ресурсом для экспортноориентированных организаций.

This article is devoted to a comprehensive review of methods of stimulating export activities. It analyzes the theoretical foundations of export promotion, including the concept, meaning, economic mechanisms, as well as legal and administrative aspects. Then, incentive methods at the state level are described in detail, such as tax incentives, subsidies, financial support, export credit insurance and guarantees. In addition, methods at the company level are considered: internal incentive programs, information and consulting support, development of export potential and promotion to foreign markets. The article provides a comprehensive understanding of the various export promotion tools used by the state and enterprises, and serves as a useful resource for export-oriented organizations.
НЕОБХОДИМОСТЬ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО УЧАСТИЯ В СИСТЕМЕ РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ РЫНКА КИКШЕРИНГА В РОССИИ
Authors: ПУТИЛИНА О.В. , КУЗЬМИНА О.Ю.
Published: October 2024

С недавних пор электросамокаты на улицах городов стали привычным средством передвижения и их потенциал растет стремительно быстро. Одни используют электросамокаты, как способ проведения досуга и развлечение, другие - в качестве средства передвижения по городу. Это делает кикшеринг частью ородской системы общественного транспорта. В статье представлены результаты анализа рынка кикшеринга в России, статистики дорожно-транспортных происшествий с участием средств индивидуальной мобильности, а также обоснована не обходимость государственного участия в регулировании данной области.

Recently, electric scooters on city streets have become a common means of transportation and their potential is growing rapidly. Some people use electric scooters as a way of spending leisure time and entertainment, while others use them as a means of transportation around the city. This makes kicksharing part of the city's public transport system. The article presents the results of an analysis of the kick-sharing market in Russia, statistics of road accidents involving personal mobility devices, and also substantiates the need for government participation in regulating this area.
МЕХАНИЗМЫ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ СОТРУДНИЧЕСТВА РЕСПУБЛИКИ КАЗАХСТАН И КИТАЙСКОЙ НАРОДНОЙ РЕСПУБЛИКИ В НЕФТЕГАЗОВОЙ ОТРАСЛИ
Authors: САФИУЛЛИН Л.Н. , ФАИЗ Ф.
Published: October 2024

В работе разработан организационно-экономический механизм привлечения китайских инвесторов для активизации участия в нефтегазовых проектах на территории Республики Казахстан, заключающийся в покупке такого рода инвесторами облигаций казахстанских нефтегазовых проектов с возможной конвертацией облигационного права в течение строго установленного срока либо в пакет обыкновенных акций проекта, либо в правомочие получения фиксированной части продукции проекта в натуральной форме на основании норм договора соглашения о разделе продукции (СРП), что позволит обеспечить для различных групп китайских инвесторов наиболее предпочтительный вариант оптимизации риска и потенциальной доходности в нефтегазовые проекты, реализуемые в Казахстане.

The work has developed an organizational and economic mechanism for attracting Chinese investors to enhance participation in oil and gas projects on the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which consists of the purchase by such investors of bonds of Kazakhstan oil and gas projects with the possible conversion of bond rights within a strictly established period or into a block of ordinary shares project, or the right to receive a fixed part of the project’s products in kind on the basis of the norms of the production sharing agreement (PSA), which will provide for various groups of Chinese investors the most preferable option for optimizing the risk and potential profitability of oil and gas projects implemented in Kazakhstan.
ПРОТИВОДЕЙСТВИЕ КОРРУПЦИИ: АНАЛИЗ МЕХАНИЗМОВ И ЭФФЕКТИВНЫХ СТРАТЕГИЙ СНИЖЕНИЯ РИСКОВ
Authors: МЕШКОВА Г.В.
Published: October 2024

В данной статье проведен анализ широкого спектра механизмов и эффективных стратегий, нацеленных на борьбу с коррупцией и сокращение рисков, которые она несет для общества. Рассмотрены глубинные причины, приводящие к возникновению коррупции, а также их влияние на экономическое развитие и социальную стабильность. Представлены практические методы и инновационные подходы, которые направлены на эффективное снижение коррупционных проявлений, повышение прозрачности и законности в обществе.

This article analyzes a wide range of mechanisms and effective strategies aimed at combating corruption and reducing the risks it poses to society. The underlying causes of corruption, as well as their impact on economic development and social stability, are considered. Practical methods and innovative approaches are presented, which are aimed at effectively reducing corruption, increasing transparency and legality in society.
ВЛИЯНИЕ РАЗВИТИЯ ФИНТЕХ СЕКТОРА НА РАЗВИТИЕ БАНКОВСКОЙ СФЕРЫ
Authors: МИННИГУЛОВ Д.Р. , ДЕМЬЯНОВА О.В. , ЩЕРБАКОВ В.В.
Published: October 2024

Быстро прогрессирующая цифровизация и модернизация информационных технологий дают стимул к использованию инновационных решений, предлагаемых финансовым сектором. Данное исследование представляет развитие банковской системы в России, перспективу феномена FinTech (финансовые технологии) с акцентом на функционирование банковских отделений и инновационные финансовые решения. Цель статьи - проанализировать влияние развития FinTech на стационарные отделения банковских учреждений в России.

Rapidly progressing digitalization and modernization of information technology provide an incentive to use innovative solutions offered by the financial sector. This study presents the development of the banking system in Russia, the perspective of the FinTech (financial technology) phenomenon with an emphasis on the functioning of bank branches and innovative financial solutions. The purpose of the article is to analyze the impact of FinTech development on fixed branches of banking institutions in Russia.
АНАЛИЗ ЗАТРАТ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ НА ОХРАНУ ОКРУЖАЮЩЕЙ СРЕДЫ
Authors: МЕЖВЕДИЛОВА С.А. , НУРЫЙАХМЕТОВА С.М. , ГЛАЗКОВА И.Н. , ШАТСКАЯ Е.П. , ТАМБОВЦЕВА А.А.
Published: October 2024

Анализ затрат на окружающую среду в разрезе страны и регионов помогает оптимизировать расходы на охрану окружающей среды и эффективно использовать ресурсы для достижения экологических целей. В статье проведен анализ затрат Российской Федерации на охрану окружающей среды за 2018-2022 гг. Рассмотрены структуры затрат на охрану окружающей среды по направлениям природоохранной деятельности, по видам затрат, в разрезе федеральных округов. Проведен расчет индекса физического объема природоохранных расходов, анализ общих затрат, текущих, и инвестиций в основной капитал, направленных на охрану окружающей среды.

Analysis of environmental costs by country and region helps to optimize environmental protection costs and effectively use resources to achieve environmental goals. The article analyzes the Russian Federation's environmental protection costs for 2018-2022. The article examines the structure of environmental protection costs by areas of environmental protection activities, by types of costs, by federal districts. The calculation of the index of physical volume of environmental costs, analysis of total costs, current, and investments in fixed capital aimed at environmental protection were carried out.