bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Nd:YAG Laser Energy on Mechanical properties of Nitriding Steel
Authors: Aziz Ansam Abdul Jabbar , Khalid Enass A. , Alwan Abbas S.
Published: September 2020

Desired mechanical properties like microstructure, micro hardness and wear resistance are the key parameters for which low carbon steel (AISI 1006) are widely selected. Surface heat treatment applied to improve these properties; traditionally surface heat treatments like induction hardening, in recent time’s laser surface hardening. In this work, thermochemical treatment (liquid nitriding) by using mixture from 61% NaCN, 15% K2CO3 and 24% KCL and followed by Nd:YAG laser surface treatment was done . The laser parameter were energy (0.89, 2, 4 and 9) J, spot diameter (0.790 ,0.33, 0.283 and 0.224) mm, pulses duration (1, 2.33, 4.47 and 9.87) ms with  fix wavelength 1604nm. Laser surface treatment cycle was melting the layer surface, holding and rapid cooling in air medium.  Optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) has been used to study the microstructures and cross-sectional of molted and heat affected zones respectively. The wear test was done to measure the wear rate by using pin -on-disk principles were satisfied. The result shown that increasing in laser energy effects to increase in the area of melted and heat affected zones of nitriding steel. Also increasing in laser energy led to increase micro hardness about 61%, while wear rate decrease about 40 % and increased depth of molted zone.
POTENSI CADANGAN KARBON PADA LAHAN REHABILITASI DI KABUPATEN GUNUNG MAS, KALIMANTAN TENGAH
Authors: Astuti Ria , Wasis Basuki , Hilwan Iwan
Published: September 2020

Pemanasan global maupun deforestasi merupakan salah satu permasalahan paling serius untuk lingkungan. Rehabilitasi hutan dapat dilakukan sebagai salah satu upaya penyerapan emisi karbon. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menentukan besaran biomassa, karbon serta penyerapan CO2 sebelum dan setelah rehabilitasi dengan metode non destruktif. Penelitian dilakukan pada lima tutupan lahan (lahan rehabilitasi 2015, 2016, 2017, lahan terbuka, dan hutan sekunder) di tiga kecamatan (Manuhing, Rungan Barat, dan Manuhing Raya) di Kabupaten Gunung Mas, Kalimantan Tengah. Kandungan biomassa di atas permukaan tanah pada lahan rehabilitasi tertinggi baik pada tahun tanam 2015 maupun 2016 terdapat di Kecamatan Manuhing Raya, sedangkan pada tahun 2017 di Kecamatan Manuhing, hasil tersebut terjadi karena adanya input tambahan berupa pupuk alami di lokasi tersebut sehingga meningkatkan kesuburan tanah dan menjadikan pertumbuhan tanaman lebih baik. Total biomassa pada beberapa tutupan lahan di Kabupaten Gunung Mas semakin menurun dengan urutan: hutan sekunder (465,12-806,48 ton/ha) > lahan rehabilitasi (0,77-84,89 ton/ha) > lahan terbuka (0,001-0,06 ton/ha). Simpanan karbon mengalami penurunan yang sangat drastis dari 310,24-418,62 ton C/ha menjadi 7,25-29,43 ton C/ha karena deforestasi dan alih fungsi hutan. Kegiatan rehabilitasi mampu meningkatkan kembali kemampuan suatu lahan dalam menyerap dan menyimpan cadangan karbon secara berkelanjutan. 

 

Kata kunci: cadangan karbon, hutan sekunder, lahan rehabilitasi, lahan terbuka, rehabilitasi
Análisis estructural MicMac para determinar las variables estratégicas de la agroindustria azucarera en México
Authors: Villegas Vilchis Antonio , Platas Rosado Diego , Gallardo-López Felipe , López-Romero Gustavo
Published: September 2020

El software de análisis estructural MicMac (Matrice d’ Impacts Croisés Multiplication Appliqués à un Classement) multiplicación matricial aplicado a una clasificación, es una herramienta para organizar una reflexión colectiva. Ofrece la posibilidad de describir un sistema con ayuda de una matriz que relaciona todos sus elementos constitutivos, partiendo de esta descripción, este método tiene por objetivo, determinar las principales variables influyentes y dependientes. En este caso se usó para determinar las variables esenciales que van a definir el futuro de la agroindustria de la caña de azúcar en México. Este análisis se realizó en 2019 por un grupo de expertos con experiencia, alto nivel de conocimiento y toma de decisión de la agroindustria de la caña de azúcar, los cuales forman parte de la Comisión Nacional para el Desarrollo Sustentable de la Caña de Azúcar (CONADESUCA). Se identificaron cinco variables estratégicas de mayor motricidad e influencia y de mayor dependencia que van a definir el futuro de la agroindustria de la caña de azúcar en México: investigación, desarrollo, innovación y transferencia de tecnología (I+D+I+TT), diversificación, costos de producción, productividad y competitividad. Mediante a su orden lógico definen que mientras la agroindustria de la caña de azúcar en México obtenga o adopte y utilice tecnologías inteligentes (investigación, desarrollo, innovación y transferencia de tecnología), diversifique y oferte productos derivados de la caña de azúcar a precios competitivos, entonces podrá aumentar su productividad, bajar sus costos de producción y como consecuencia será más competitiva. En su defecto de no tomar estas recomendaciones la agroindustria de la caña de azúcar no será competitiva volviéndose cada vez más obsoleta y tenderá a desaparecer.
APLIKASI PENGENALAN HEWAN LINDUNG MENGGUNAKAN AUGMENTED REALITY DENGAN METODE MARKER BASED TRACKING
Authors: Mufida Mir'atul Khusna , Harun Muhammad
Published: September 2020

The existence of animals in Indonesia is now increasingly threatened along with the destruction of forest ecosystems and animal hunting. Many animals are now nearly extinct. Meanwhile, the introduction of Indonesian protected animals is only through the text media, images or video contained in the study book and internet. With limited knowledge about extinct animal many people still do not know about the animals and cause the lack of public awareness to help conserve protected animals in Indonesia. Augmented reality technology can be one of the media technologies that can be used for the introduction of animals to the community by benefitting from marker based tracking as the pattern of target identification. This article discusses an application development on how to bring animals’ 3D objects into smartphone in order to inform those which exist in Indonesia. From the results of questionnaires 30 respondents stated, the Application of Animal Protected Introduction has been very good in terms of display and 3D objects and has been good in terms of new information obtained.
ETIKA DALAM PROGRAM HIBURAN TELEVISI
Authors: Azwar Azwar , Pradyanti Alifia , Hidayah Nisfa Siti Elfianti
Published: September 2020

Entertainment programs in the television are currently being criticized by the public. Not only criticism, even some entertainment programs on television received reprimands from the Indonesian Broadcasting Commission (Komisi Penyiaran Indonesia-KPI). This is due to many entertainment programs that use jokes that exceed the limits of reasonableness. Therefore, this study aims to describe how ethics in entertainment programs on television stations, as well as the effects that can be caused to the public on quality and ethical entertainment programs. In this case, research on the NET TV station was emphasized in the Waktu Indonesia Bercanda program. This research is important, considering that many entertainment programs are consumed by the public through television media. On NET TV itself, the entertainment program presented reaches 50% of all existing program. Waktu Indonesia Bercanda is a TV program that is categorized as an entertainment program in the form of a quiz show and dexterity in thinking. Waktu Indonesia Bercanda also performed the program casually and inserted with their typical jokes, but still ethical. Ethics here is not to criticize, to hurt the hearts and physicalities of others and things that have other negative meanings.
Pemantauan dan Pengendalian Kelembapan, Suhu, dan Intensitas Cahaya Tanaman Tomat dengan Logika Fuzzy Berbasis IoT
Authors: Risandriya Sumantri Kurniawan
Published: September 2020

Pengendalian dan pemantauan kelembapan, suhu dan intensitas cahaya saat ini masih menggunakan cara yang manual yaitu dengan penyiraman atau penggunaan rumah kaca. Namun, karena kesibukan ditempat kerja dan terbatasnya waktu menyebabkan pengendalian kondisi tanaman tomat sering tidak sesuai dengan kebutuhan tanaman dan mengakibatkan tanaman mati. Penelitian ini menggunakan kontrol otomatis dari logika Fuzzy dan Internet of Things (IoT) sebagai dasar pemantauan kondisi tanaman tomat dengan tugas menggantikan perawatan manual. Sensor DHT22, FC-28 dan Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) digunakan sebagai pendeteksi kelembapan tanah, suhu, intensitas cahaya, dan kelembapan udara, serta parameter input sebagai kontrol Fuzzy yang otomatis, serta aktuator penyiraman pompa air DC 12V dan motor power window sebagai pengendali kelembapan udara. Hasil pada penelitian ini memiliki tingkat keberhasilan 98.38% dalam proses kerjanya.
Pemanfaatan Motor Induksi Satu Fase Sebagai Pico Generator untuk Sumber Energi Alternatif Terbarukan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Bayu di Politeknik Negeri Batam
Authors: Putra Irwanto Zarma , Atabiq Fauzun , Juwito Arif Febriansyah
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini membahas tentang penerapan motor-motor induksi satu fase yang diaplikasikan sebagai pico generator untuk menghasilkan energi listrik dengan tenaga angin. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah pengukuran  langsung pada pico generator. Sebuah motor induksi satu fasa dapat digunakan sebagai generator pada pembangkit listrik tenanga bayu dengan tegangan tertinggi 6 V dan frekuensi 5,5 Hz pada kecepatan putar 328 rotation per minute (RPM).
MENAKAR MINAT MAHASISWA UNIVERSITAS PUTERA BATAM PADA PENGGUNAAN PRODUK TEKNOLOGI FINANSIAL
Authors: Purba Mortigor Afrizal
Published: September 2020

The aim of this reserch is to find out how much the level of financial literacy in Universitas Putera Batam students and to find out whether or not the influence of the level of financial literacy and promotion strategies through social media to the interest of using technology financial products. The type of this research is a quantitative research using probability random sampling technique, the respondents are the students of accounting, management, others study program. The data collection in this study used a questionnaire method with a Likert scale model and distributed to 100 respondents. In this study the data analysis that used is descriptive analysis, simple regression analysis and multiple regression analysis using SPSS 22.0.The results of this study showed that (1) the level of financial literacy in the fourth student of the study program belongs to the category of sufficient literate or is still fairly categorized with a percentage of 81.12 percent. (2) There is a positive and significant influence between financial literacy variables on the interest in using technology financial products. (3) There is a positive and significant influence between the variables of promotional strategies through social media on the interest in using technology financial products. (4) There is a positive and significant influence between financial literacy variables and promotion strategies through social media on the interest in using technology financial products. This illustrates that the interest of students of Universitas Putera Batam to use financial technology products is very satisfying category.

Keywords: Financial Literacy, Promotion Strategy, Interest.
Pengaruh Perputaran Kas Dan Perputaran Piutang Terhadap Tingkat Likuiditas Pada PT Citra Batam Millenium
Authors: Ana Juliana
Published: September 2020

Companies that cannot control liquidity can lose the trust of external companies and distributors. Company liquidity can reflect the company’s ability to repay business debt. The main objective of this research is to see whether there is a significant influence between cash turnover and accounts receivable turnover, both partially and simultaneously on the level of liquidity. The sample collection technique uses purposive sampling by determining certain weighted value samples so that the data used have a more representative value and the sample can represent the entire population. In this study using quantitative data in the form of secondary data sources by collecting company report data from 2014 to 2018 in 60 population samples. Researchers used multiple linear regression data analysis methods in order to produce data processing in the form of tables and graphs and conclusions. The results of the SPSS program in study showed partially cash turnover and account receivable turnover there no significant effect on the level of liquidity and the result simultaneous test showed cash turnover and account receivable turnover significant effect the level liquidity.
STANDARISASI KOMPETENSI AHLI AKUNTANSI SEKTOR PUBLIK
Authors: Sopian Sopian
Published: September 2020

The developments of technology have influenced many professional fields of work including individuals who have public sector accounting education backgrounds. With a qualitative research methodology, the results of the study concluded that standardization of competencies are required by regulations. Two level of competences are medium level (Diploma III) and Bachelor / Applied Bachelor degrees. Qualifications for a 3 year-Diploma are able to master and implement the expertise of the public sector accounting standards with the rules base approach and expertise in using SAKTI Application. Qualifications for the Bachelor / Applied level, an inherent prerequisite is the ability to operate the SAKTI application, and able to implement the expertise of the public sector accounting standards with the principles base approach.
Safety Pharmacology Study of Medicines Used for Febrile Syndrome Management in Children
Authors: Kryshen K. L. , Moshkov A. E. , Demyanovskiy M. N. , Kovaleva M. A.
Published: September 2020

Summary. Safety pharmacology studies of paediatric medicines are an important stage in the life cycle of drugs.

The purpose of the study was to analyse and compare the safety pharmacology profiles of the recommended paediatric dosage regimens of a fixed ibuprofen (IBU)/paracetamol (PAR) combination and of IBU and PAR monopreparations following repeated oral administration of these products to juvenile rats.

Material and methods: safety pharmacology was assessed in both male and female outbred juvenile rats. Two dose levels were used in the study—the highest treatment dose (HTD) equivalent for juvenile rats, and the three-times-equivalent therapeutic dose (3 HTD). The animals were given the fixed IBU/PAR combination in the form of suspension from dispersible tablets (100 mg IBU + 120 mg PAR), IBU in the form of oral suspension (100 mg/5 mL), and PAR in the form of oral suspension (120 mg/5 mL). Statistical processing was performed using Statistica 10.0 software.

Results: unlike monopreparations, the fixed IBU/PAR combination did not have clinically significant hepatotoxic or nephrotoxic effects when administered to juvenile rats. Administration of IBU alone resulted in an increase in blood urea nitrogen concentration in female rats (HTD) and male rats (3 HTD), and a small amount of leucocytes in the urine of female rats. Administration of PAR resulted in an increase in the amount of red blood cells in the urine of male rats. Administration of the monopreparations at the HTD dose led to a decrease in the locomotor activity of the animals. No significant effect on the cardiovascular or respiratory systems was observed for any of the products.

Conclusions: the safety pharmacology profile of the fixed IBU/PAR combination after repeated oral administration to juvenile rats did not differ much from those of IBU and PAR used alone, and in some cases was even better.
Shoreline evolution of Valencia lake and land use and land cover changes in Zamora municipality, Aragua state, Venezuela, period 1986-2016
Authors: Coiman Abraham
Published: September 2020

This study was conducted to estimate the land use and land cover (LULC) changes from 1986 to 2016 at Zamora municipality in Venezuela. Landsat 5 TM, Landsat 7 ETM+, and Landsat 8 (OLI/TIRS) images were obtained to evaluate the shoreline dynamics of the Valencia lake and the magnitude of LULC changes. The images were processed and classified through the object-oriented approach in eCognition Developer 8, for collecting ground-truth data was used Google Earth Engine Python API and Excel software for accuracy assessment. ArcGIS 10.4 and QGIS 2.18 were employed for spatial analysis. It was found that scrublands and farmlands experienced important reductions in area, 13029 ha, and 818 ha respectively, whereas forest, built-up, and water bodies classes showed remarkable increments in area, 11792 ha, 1482 ha, and 634 ha correspondingly. The Valencia lake shoreline underwent an upward trend wherein more than 50% of its raising occurred during the last two study years (2003-2016). It was also observed that land use and land cover changes prompted conflicts with other land uses, 337 ha of lands with high potential for crop yields were affected by the lake shoreline increment and built-up areas grow at a rate of 81 ha /yr. for the last two study years (2003-2016) mainly on lands with high potential for agricultural use.
PROSPEK BAITUL MAAL WAT TAMWIL (BMT) DALAM MEMAJUKAN PENGUSAHA MIKRO
Authors: Muljadi Muljadi
Published: September 2020

Tujuan didirikannya BMT adalah meningkatkan kualitas usaha ekonomi untukkesejahteraan anggota pada khususnya dan masyarakat pada umumnya. Pengertiantersebut di atas dapat dipahami bahwa BMT berorientasi pada upaya peningkatankesejahteraan anggota dan masyarakat. BMT bergerak untuk membantu masyarakatmikro dan kecil, baik untuk meningkatkan usaha maupun dalam meningkatkanmanajemen usaha kecil. Prospek Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil yang menggunakan konsepsyari’ah kian bersinar di Indonesia, sebab BMT mampu menarik perhatian masyarakatbahkan lembaga keuangan Internasional. Di Indonesia BMT membuktikan dapatmengentaskan kemiskinan dan membuka lapangan kerja bagi pengusaha – pengusahamikro.Kata Kunci : BMT dan Mikro
DAMPAK INFLASI TERHADAP EKSPOR DAN IMPOR DI INDONESIA PERIODE TAHUN 2013 – 2017
Authors: Sari Titis Nistia , Rauf Abdul
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui dampak Inflasi terhadap Ekspor dan Impor di Indonesia Tahun 2013 – 2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode regresi linier sederhana. Dan hasil yang didapat menunjukkan bahwa ada pengaruh signifikan antara Inflasi dengan Ekspor (Y1) dan Impor (Y2). Dari kedua pengaruh Ekspor (Y1) dan Impor (Y2) yang lebih dipengaruhi oleh Inflasi (X) adalah faktor Y2 yaitu Impor. Keywords : Inflasi, Ekspor, Impor
PENGARUH KECUKUPAN MODAL TREHADAP MANAJEMEN RISIKO LIKUIDITAS BANK PERKREDITAN RAKYAT (Studi Empiris Pada Bank Prekreditan Rakyat di Kota Tangerang)
Authors: Febrianto Hendra Galuh , Fazira Rabitha
Published: September 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis manajemen risiko likuiditas BPR di Kota Tangerang melalui kecukupan modal dengan tujuan akhir merekomendasikan kebijakan untuk memperbaiki manajemen risiko likuiditas BPR. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian eksplanatori dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Analisis data dalam penelitian menggunakan analisis regresi linier berganda pada panel data laporan keuangan 20 BPR di Tangerang dari tahun 2012 sampai 2016. Ada dua kelompok variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Variabel terikat dalam penelitian ini adalah risiko likuiditas diukur dengan current ratio. kecukupan modal diukur dengan capital adequacy ratio ( CAR ). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kecukupan modal berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Manajemen Risiko Likuiditas pada Bank Perkreditan Rakyat..Kata Kunci : Kecukupan Modal dan Manajemen Risiko Likuiditas
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DAN BUDAYA ORGANISASI TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH TANGERANG
Authors: Fazira Rabitha , Hadiwijaya Dudung
Published: September 2020

Tujuan penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat analisis pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan dan Budaya Organisasi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang. Methode penelitian yang digunakan adalah methode penelitian Survei. Responden adalah Karyawan pada Universitas Muhammadiyah Tangerang. Type penelitian ini adalah penelitian penjelasan (explanatory research), karena penelitian ini menjelaskan pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan dan Budaya Organisasi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuisioner. Analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi berganda.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan dan Budaya Organisasi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan, dengan kontribusi determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,590 atau 59,0%, Dijelaskan oleh variabel lain diluar konsep penelitian dan persamaan regresi yang dihasilkan adalah Ŷ = 5,325 + 0,528 X1 + 0,321 X2. Berdasrkan persamaan regresi diatas maka dapat dijelaskan, Dengan nilai konstanta ( b0) sebesar 5,325, menyatakan bahwa nilai Kinerja Karyawan akan tetap ada sebesar 5,325 walaupun variabel bebasnya Gaya Kepemimpinan, dan Budaya Organisasi tidak ada (0). Nilai (b1) sebesar 0,528, ini berarti menunjukan ada pengaruh positif dan signifikan variabel Gaya Kepemimpinan terhadap Kinerja Karyawan sebesar 0,528, jika nilainya positif berarti kalau ada peningkatan sebesar 0,528 maka kinerja karyawanpun akan meningkat sebesar 0,528. Nilai (b2) sebesar 0,321 ini menunjukan bahwa ada pengaruh positif dan signifikan Budaya Organisasi terhadap Kinerja Karyawan sebesar yaitu sebesar 0,321, jika Budaya Organisasi meningkat sebesar 0,321 maka Kinerja Karyawan juga akan meningkat sebesar yang sama yaitu 0,321 maka Kinerja Karyawan akan meningkat dengan jumlah yang sama.
Development of a low-cost electronic stethoscope - DIY Digital Stethoscope
Authors: Jain Agam , Sahu Roshan , Jain Arohi , Gaumnitz Thomas , Lodha Rakesh
Published: September 2020

Auscultation while wearing PPE (especially coveralls), using traditional stethoscopes is often not feasible. While some commercially electronic stethoscopes can circumvent this problem by playing audio using headphones over/ inside PPE, the currently available ones are too costly. We plugged an electret microphone into earpiece of a stethoscope and through various audio processing algorithms improved the audio quality. We packaged these processes into an app, freely available for download from Google Play Store. Audio quality through this device is at least equivalent to the one heard through traditional stethoscopes. We are validating the device in pediatric and adult clinical setup.
Medical Data Sharing in Cloud Computing with Privacy Protection and Intrusion Avoidance for Patient
Authors: Kondeti Suresh , Kumar Siva
Published: September 2020

With the popularity of smart electronic devices, along with the development of clouds and cloudlet technology, there has been increasing need to provide better medical care. The processing chain of medical data mainly includes data collection, data storage and data sharing, etc. Traditional healthcare system often requires the delivery of medical data to the cloud, which involves users’ sensitive information and causes communication energy consumption. Practically, medical data sharing is a critical and challenging issue. Along these lines in this paper, we develop a novel human services framework by using the adaptability of cloudlet. The elements of cloudlet incorporate security assurance, information sharing and interruption location. In the phase of information accumulation, we initially use Number Theory Research Unit (NTRU) technique to scramble client's body information gathered by wearable gadgets. Those information will be transmitted to close-by cloudlet in a vitality productive form. Also, we introduce another trust model to assist clients with selecting trustable accomplices who need to share put away information in the cloudlet. The trust demonstrate additionally causes comparable patients to speak with each other about their illnesses. Thirdly, we partition clients' therapeutic information put away in remote billow of healing facility into three sections, and give them appropriate insurance. At long last, keeping in mind the end goal to shield the medicinal services framework from malignant assaults, we build up a novel cooperative interruption discovery framework (IDS) strategy in view of cloudlet work, which can viably keep the remote social insurance huge information cloud from assaults. Our examinations show the viability of the proposed conspire.
The role of concrete in life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of US buildings and pavements
Authors: Gregory Jeremy , Azarijafari Hessam , Vahidi Ehsan , Guo Fengdi , Ulm Franz , Kirchain Randolph
Published: September 2020

Concrete is a critical component of deep decarbonization efforts because it impacts the building, transportation, and industrial sectors. We use a bottom-up model of current and future building and pavement stocks and construction in the US to contextualize the role of concrete in greenhouse gas (GHG) reductions strategies under projected and ambitious scenarios, including embodied and use phases of the structures’ life cycle. We show that projected improvements in the building sector result in a reduction of 47% of GHG emissions in 2050 relative to 2016 levels, whereas ambitious improvements result in a 56% reduction in 2050, which is 22 Gt cumulative saving. The pavements sector shows a larger difference between the two scenarios with a 20% reduction of GHG emissions for projected improvements and a 68% reduction under the ambitious scenario, which is approximately 1.7 Gt. Over 70% of future emissions from new construction are from the use phase.
Solar cell efficiency divergence due to operating spectrum variation
Authors: Kinsey Geoffrey S
Published: September 2020

A limitation in the performance rating of solar cells and modules is that they are tested using a single value for the solar spectrum. To map the performance expected under the varying spectra found in operating conditions, solar cell efficiencies have been evaluated using solar spectra generated by the National Solar Radiation Database, applied to confirmed record-efficiency cell parameters. Nine solar cell types (single-junction and multijunction) are evaluated using spectra at more than forty locations, spanning 76° of latitude and 150° of longitude, at hourly intervals over a year. Relative to the standard test efficiency, increases in annual operating efficiency are seen in cadmium telluride and single-junction perovskite designs, while efficiency decreases are observed in two-terminal multijunction structures. Though silicon exhibits the least variation, its -3% to +2% range is equivalent to 20° C of temperature variation. This divergence in operating efficiencies indicates that evaluation using a single spectrum is not a sufficient basis for comparison, or prediction of energy yield in operation. Application of an additional “operating spectrum,” to complement the standard test spectrum, is proposed.
The effects of kindergarten and first grade schooling on children’s executive function and academic skill development: Evidence from a school cutoff design
Authors: Kim Matthew H. , Ahmed Sammy F. , Morrison Frederick J.
Published: September 2020

Early executive function (EF) skills reliably predict school readiness and future academic success. While children’s skills undergo rapid development during the transition to formal schooling, it remains unclear the extent to which schooling exerts a unique influence on the accelerated development of EF and academic skills during the early years of schooling. In the present study, a quasi-experimental technique known as the school cutoff design was used to examine whether same-aged children who made versus missed the age cutoff for school entry significantly differed on EF, reading, and math outcomes. Data from 166 pre-k, kindergarten, and first grade children (M = 5.74 years, 92 girls) from a longitudinal study of literacy development were analyzed. Children were assessed on EF, reading, and math skills in fall and spring over multiple school years. Results revealed unique effects of kindergarten, but not first grade, on growth in EF and reading over and above the effect of age. Schooling was unrelated to growth in math. Because kindergarten represents the first year of elementary school and children’s first exposure to a formal schooling environment, kindergarten schooling may be uniquely positioned to produce greater gains in academic and behavioral outcomes compared to other grades.
Politics of disclosure: Organizational transparency as multi-actor negotiation
Authors: Heimstädt Maximilian , Dobusch Leonhard
Published: September 2020

Transparency is in vogue, yet oftentimes used as an umbrella concept for a wide array of phenomena. More focused concepts are needed to understand the form and function of different phenomena of visibility. In this article, we develop a definition of organizational transparency as systematic disclosure programs that meet the information needs of other actors. Organizational transparency, we argue, is best studied as an inter-organizational negotiation process on the field- level. To evaluate its merit, we apply this framework to a case study on the introduction of open data in the Berlin city administration. Analyzing the politics of disclosure, we learn about the similarities and differences between phenomena of visibility (e.g. open data, freedom of information), explore the transformative power of negotiating transparency, and deduce recommendations for managing transparency.
Societal Self-Observation in the Time of Datafication: Interfunctional Analysis of the Chilean Open Data Web Portal
Authors: Heimstädt Maximilian
Published: September 2020

Datafication, the technological development that emerged out of computerization and global interconnectedness, has spawned new forms of societal self-observations. In the present article I turn to the example of Open Data web portals – specialized websites that make large amounts of governmental datasets publicly available – to show how they relate to the status quo of social research on functional differentiation. For my analysis of the Chilean Portal de Datos Públicos I developed a method to link metadata categories from the web portal to a hard-core list of ten function systems. My results confirm literature, which finds economized or politicized forms of societal self-description. Moreover the results are in line with studies that show the vanishing role of religion. Interestingly, my study finds health to be of high importance – I might even speak of a “healthized” self-observation – which I argue is at odds with a negligible representation of the function system “sport” within the self-observation. For future interfunctional social research in the time of datafication, I recommend sharpening the empirical approach by exploring emerging text-as-data methods.
THE USE OF THINK-ALOUD STRATEGY TO IMPROVE STUDENTS READING COMPREHENSION: A STUDY OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS
Authors: ekauliyantiputri
Published: September 2020

The study aims at investigating the use of think-aloud strategy on eleventh grade students in senior high school. The students are randomly assign to two groups: students in experimental group use think-aloud strategy as their reading strategies in narrative and informative English texts; whereas, students in the control group use regular reading intruction. It is expected that eleventh grade studens in senior high school who apply think-aloud strategy show better reading comprehension than students who do not apply the same strategy. The total of sample in this study are 20 students in the second semester. The study uses experimental as the research approach. The researcher employs pre-test , post test. The tests are made based on a chart that explains the types of comprehension questions developed by Day and Park (2005) which is related to the effort in improving the student’ reading comprehension. The researcher finds that there is a significant relationship between the use of think aloud and overall reading comprehension, inference, prediction, evaluation and personal response comprehension. In addition, the result of the analysis of the pre and post-test scores shows that there is a significant improvement in the students post-test scores in comparison with pre-test scores
MENGEMBANGKAN BUKU TEKS PELAJARAN MEMBACA BERBASIS PENDEKATAN PROSES UNTUK SD
Authors: Irawan Dedy
Published: September 2020

Kurikulum 2013 yang berlaku saat ini menggunakan pembelajaran tematik-integratif. Hal yang membedakan Kurikulum 2013 dengan Kurikulum 2006 adalah adanya buku guru dan buku siswa. Pentingnya buku guru dan buku siswa dalam pembelajaran tidak diimbangi dengan kualitas materi, misalnya pada materi pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia pada keterampilan membaca. Materi membaca yang ada pada buku siswa masih kurang dan belum menerapkan pendekatan proses pada kompetensi membaca, khususnya untuk pembelajaran kelas tinggi. Hal ini dikuatkan dari hasil wawancara terhadap beberapa guru kelas IV SD Negeri di UPTD Kecamatan Kutasari, Kabupaten Purbalingga. Wawancara tersebut mengidentifikasi adanya kebutuhan guru terhadap buku teks pelajaran membaca berbasis pendekatan proses yang dapat digunakan guru dalam kegiatan pembelajaran membaca. Buku ini akan menjabarkan bagaimana cara mengembangkan buku teks pelajaran membaca berbasis pendekatan proses pada Tema 9 Makananku Sehat dan Bergizi di Kelas IV Sekolah Dasar Negeri UPTD Kecamatan Kutasari, Kabupaten Purbalingga. Buku teks pelajaran tersebut digunakan sebagai pelengkap buku guru dan buku siswa untuk memperkaya materi kurikulum 2013.
Special Issue “COVID-19 & Beyond”
Authors: Board Editorial
Published: September 2020

No abstract available.
Assessing Need and Level of Agreement among Market Participants in Adopting Book Building Pricing in Nepal
Authors: Gurung Jas Bahadur
Published: September 2020

This paper aims at assessing the need of book building pricing of IPOs as well as the level of agreement among market participants on its application in the context of Nepal. This study is based on a cross-sectional analysis of survey data of 71 respondents comprising 19 issue managers, 16 portfolio managers, six share registrars, 10 mutual funds, nine stock brokers and 11 retail investors, for the months of January and February 2020. Mainly, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics like one-way ANOVA have been used in the study to assess the need and level of agreement in adopting book building pricing. The study revealed that there is an urgent need of adopting book building mechanisms of IPO pricing in Nepal because the existing primary market is inefficient and there is a huge wealth loss of existing shareholders in terms of higher underpricing on equity offerings. The role of institutional investors followed by underwriters is found crucial especially to discover price band and final price i.e. cut-off price, of offerings under book building. Further, the level of agreement in adopting book building pricing in Nepal’s capital market is positive because (i) the price band is determined with the active support of qualified institutional investors, (ii) it lowers the degree of underpricing of IPOs than that of par value method, and (iii) book building help prevents „random free riders‟ from overwhelming the process of IPOs. Mainly, more active market participants, like issue managers, portfolio managers, and stockbrokers, have a high level of agreement in adopting book building pricing. The study findings associated with book building pricing are crucial and highly applicable in order to formulate policies and implementation of new pricing mechanism in Nepal. Implementation of book building pricing will contribute to reduce level of underpricing, attract real sector companies and/or foster the primary market efficiency in future.
The Play of Gender Roles in Sheeba Shah’s Facing My Phantoms
Authors: Bista Asmita
Published: September 2020

Setting the novel in different time-periods (Rana regime, Panchayat System and Maoist movement), Sheeba Shah’s Facing my Phantoms has depicted the condition of Nepali males and is considered a historical document. This article aims to examine the factors that constrain the male characters to traditional and anti-traditional gender roles. It also studies the consequences faced by the characters while performing and defying gender stereotypes. To address this objective, Butler’s and Connell’s ideas have been used as they have claimed that masculinity and femininity like any other human attributes are fluid; in fact, it is constantly reconstructed in response to socio-political changes under the pressure of social norms. According to Butler, gender is something that is not a corporeal thing, but it is reproducing, changing, and moving. The significance of this article is to find insights in understanding the condition of males in the Nepali society. It concludes that the male characters of Shah’s novel oscillate between traditional and anti-traditional gender roles. Under the social pressure, they perform the roles of an assertive and authoritative father, aggressive and ruthless lover/husband, and rational and responsible son. Likewise, when they get influenced by socio-political changes, they fail to stick to stereotypical gender roles. Consequently, they appear in the emotional, docile, dependent, confused, and unassertive roles.
Truth and Reconciliation in Eighteenth-Century Literature: The Case of the “Monster Brandt”
Authors: Hessell Nikki
Published: September 2020

Thomas Campbell’s “Gertrude of Wyoming” (1809) plays an important and overlooked role in diplomacy between Indigenous peoples and Britain. The poem fictionalizes the Battle of Wyoming, a historical event in the American War of Independence, but includes a depiction of Joseph Brant, a real Mohawk leader. This depiction was contested by Brant’s son John when he travelled to England in 1821–22, but scholarship on this event has not located John Brant’s engagement with Campbell’s poem within the wider diplomatic mission he was undertaking. This article argues that the poem should be read within the context of Campbell’s understanding of Indigenous diplomacy, John Brant’s role as a diplomat for Six Nations of the Grand River, and modern processes of Truth and Reconciliation in Canada. It concludes that Campbell’s response to John Brant, which included a public letter of apology, connects with contemporary settler evasiveness about Indigenous sovereignty.
Assuming Innocence: The Ingénue’s Satire in Frances Burney’s Evelina
Authors: Lu Lillian
Published: September 2020

For most readers, the primary satirist in Frances Burney’s first novel, Evelina (1778), is Burney herself, leaving Evelina a narratorial avatar for the author. Seeking to continue Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick’s project of pluralizing the ways in which we talk about innocence—especially feminine innocence—this article argues that Burney’s eponymous narrator Evelina is both ingénue and satirist, and that Evelina’s innocence is a vehicle for her satire. In so arguing, this article intervenes in the diegetic as well as decades-long scholarly debate about whether Evelina is innocent or cunning, new to the ways of the world or intelligent. When these binaries are challenged and Evelina’s innocence and intellect are read together, Burney’s first novel opens up for further feminist readings, as well as more productive avenues of thought about feminine subjectivity and epistemologies.
Resistência a doramectina e alternativas diagnósticas para o controle seletivo de helmintos gastrintestinais em ovinos
Authors: Quintal Amanda , Ferreira Cury Silva Júlia , Cristina Ferreira Olivia , Eduardo Mendonça de Almeida Luis , Henrique Barbosa dos Santos Maico , Laurenia Gomes Antonieta , Belico de Vasconcelos André , Pifano Neto Quintal Amanda
Published: September 2020

The indiscriminate use of antiparasitic agents during preventive management and treatment has led properties into pharmacological resistance, with high losses. This study evaluated diagnostic tests to verify pharmacological resistance, aiming selective treatment in clinically susceptible animals and/or with high parasitic load. 45 crossbred, male and female sheep, adults and young, from a farm in Uberaba, Minas Gerais, were used. All animals were submitted to appropriate zootechnical management followed by Famacha diagnostic tests, hematocrit, and egg count per gram of feces (OPG). Subsequently, all animals were treated with doramectin and the same diagnostic tests were repeated, comparing the same animal before and after treatment, with paired T test. There was no doramectin resistance in adults (P > 0.05); however, resistance was observed in puppies (P < 0.05). These were subsequently treated with levamisole and diagnostic tests were repeated again, observing parasitic load reduction, hematocrit increases and better Famacha indexes (ANOVA P < 0.05). Adults were not treated with levamisole. The linear regression between the Famacha method and hematocrit evaluated the handler's training degree, with greater difficulties in young animals. The continuous animal monitoring by diagnostic methods allowed to identity doramectin resistance and pharmacological treatment to occur selectively, only in animals with clinical signs and/or high parasite load, minimizing cost and drug resistance possibility.
Varus de l’arrière-pied au cours du steppage : une clé pour le diagnostic étiologique
Authors: Elleuch M.H. , Jelassi O. , Trabelsi E. , Kerkeni H. , Elleuch M. , Ghroubi S.
Published: September 2020

Introduction : Devant un steppage, le diagnostic différentiel entre une atteinte radiculaire L5 et une neuropathie fibulaire paraît délicat et rarement débattu dans la littérature. Notre étude avait pour objectif de souligner l’intérêt du varus de l’arrière-pied à la phase oscillante de la marche comme un signe clinique clé pour différencier entre l’atteinte fibulaire et l’atteinte radiculaire L5 chez des patients présentant un steppage. Nous avons aussi démontré l’intérêt de l’étude électromyographique dans l’enquête étiologique du steppage chez nos patients.

Matériel et méthodes : Nous avons colligé des patients présentant un steppage d’étiologie périphérique. Nous avons réalisé une analyse visuelle et vidéographique de la marche notamment à la recherche d’un varus de l’arrière-pied à la phase oscillante. Nous avons effectué une évaluation de la force musculaire globale ainsi qu’un testing segmentaire du membre inférieur à l’aide de l’échelle du testing musculaire manuel du Conseil de recherches médicales (MRC). Nous avons complété par l’étude électroneuromyographique (ENMG) des membres inférieurs. Nous avons eu recours à des explorations neuroradiologiques chez cinq patients pour affiner le diagnostic étiologique du steppage.

Résultats : Six patients avec steppage d’origine périphérique étaient inclus dans notre étude, que nous avons répartis en deux groupes en fonction de la présence ou de l’absence du varus de l’arrière-pied à la phase d’oscillation de la marche : le groupe « GF » comportait trois patients avec varus, alors que le groupe « GR » comprenait trois patients sans varus. Tous les patients avaient un déficit des muscles releveurs du pied. Contrairement aux patients du GF, les patients du GR avaient un déficit au testing des muscles moyen fessier et tibial postérieur et un réflexe ischiojambier interne L5 aboli. L’ENMG a révélé des tracés neurogènes des muscles moyen fessier et tibial postérieur chez les patients du GR, ces muscles étant normaux à la détection dans le GF. Une échographie du genou a montré une compression du nerf fibulaire par un processus expansif chez deux patients du GF. Une IRM du rachis lombaire a mis en évidence une hernie discale conflictuelle avec la racine L5 homolatérale au steppage chez tous les patients du GR. Nous avons pu retenir une radiculopathie L5 comme étiologie du steppage dans GR où les patients n’avaient pas de varus de l’arrière-pied, tandis qu’une neuropathie fibulaire était retenue chez les patients du GF qui présentaient un varus de l’arrière-pied.

Conclusion : Devant un steppage d’étiologie périphérique, le varus de l’arrière-pied est une clé diagnostique pour la différentiation entre une atteinte radiculaire L5 et une neuropathie fibulaire. Le complément par étude électromyographique, et notamment par la détection à l’aiguille du tibial postérieur, permet de retenir de façon certaine l’atteinte nerveuse incriminée dans le steppage.
Scientific and pedagogical activity of G.S. Merkin’s
Authors: Seledtsova V.N. , Burchenkova A.A. , Solovyova F.E.
Published: September 2020

The study aims at identifying the main issues that determine the direction of scientific and pedagogical activity of the honored teacher of the Russian Federation, Doctor of Education, Professor, author of books on literary reading for grades 1–4 and literature for grades 5–9, Gennady Samuylovich Merkin. While gaining this goal, we have carried out the theoretical analysis of G.S. Merkin’s works on the issue of co-creation within the in-class and extracurricular activities on literature, the methodological apparatus of textbooks on literary reading and literature, and have come to the following conclusions. The key issue of G.S. Merkin’s scientific and pedagogical activity is the co-creation as one of the shortest ways to achieve the goal of developing and improving the intellectual abilities of students and as a complex systemic phenomenon in which the interaction of the writer and the reader-pupil is carried out. Realization of the ideas of co-creation in the process of developing the concept of a modern textbook on literature con- tributes to the implementation of an active, cultural, practice-oriented and personality-oriented approach to the study of literature, implying not the assimilation of a certain amount of knowledge by students, but the development of their personality, communication and creative abilities. The innovative approach to teaching literature in the co-creation mode provides for the set- ting of non-traditional tasks and the choice of a non-standard philological and methodological solution, which involves establishing links where they are not obvious. Professionalism of the literature teacher is the most important condition for the successful implementation of the ideas of co-creation within the in-class and extracurricular activities.
Economic Incentive Mechanisms for the Protection and Use of Biological Diversity in the Russian Federation
Authors: Ivanova Svetlana V.
Published: September 2020

This paper explores economic incentive mechanisms for the protection and sustainable use of biological diversity in general and more specifically of animals (often referred to as “wildlife”). Based on the author’s analysis of wildlife and tax legislation provisions and law enforcement practice, it concludes that the Russian Federation lacks effective and efficient economic incentives to promote the protection and use of wildlife. It proposes incentive measures for the implementation of legislative norms and economic regulation regarding the protection and sustainable use of the animal world. These incentives are intended to provide tools for sustainable use of wildlife and enhance the dialogue with business entities regarding the prioritisation of environmentally friendly economic activities.