bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The GAUGAA Motif Is Responsible for the Binding between circSMARCA5 and SRSF1 and Related Downstream Effects on Glioblastoma Multiforme Cell Migration and Angiogenic Potential
Authors: Barbagallo Davide , Caponnetto Angela , Barbagallo Cristina , Battaglia Rosalia , Mirabella Federica , Brex Duilia , Stella Michele , Broggi Giuseppe , Altieri Roberto , Certo Francesco , Caltabiano Rosario , Barbagallo Giuseppe Maria Vincenzo , Anfuso Carmelina Daniela , Lupo Gabriella , Ragusa Marco , Di Pietro Cinzia , Hansen Thomas Birkballe , Purrello Michele
Published: February 2021

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a large class of RNAs with regulatory functions within cells. We recently showed that circSMARCA5 is a tumor suppressor in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and acts as a decoy for Serine and Arginine Rich Splicing Factor 1 (SRSF1) through six predicted binding sites (BSs). Here we characterized RNA motifs functionally involved in the interaction between circSMARCA5 and SRSF1. Three different circSMARCA5 molecules (Mut1, Mut2, Mut3), each mutated in two predicted SRSF1 BSs at once, were obtained through PCR-based replacement of wild-type (WT) BS sequences and cloned in three independent pcDNA3 vectors. Mut1 significantly decreased its capability to interact with SRSF1 as compared to WT, based on the RNA immunoprecipitation assay. In silico analysis through the “Find Individual Motif Occurrences” (FIMO) algorithm showed GAUGAA as an experimentally validated SRSF1 binding motif significantly overrepresented within both predicted SRSF1 BSs mutated in Mut1 (q-value = 0.0011). U87MG and CAS-1, transfected with Mut1, significantly increased their migration with respect to controls transfected with WT, as revealed by the cell exclusion zone assay. Immortalized human brain microvascular endothelial cells (IM-HBMEC) exposed to conditioned medium (CM) harvested from U87MG and CAS-1 transfected with Mut1 significantly sprouted more than those treated with CM harvested from U87MG and CAS-1 transfected with WT, as shown by the tube formation assay. qRT-PCR showed that the intracellular pro- to anti-angiogenic Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA) mRNA isoform ratio and the amount of total VEGFA mRNA secreted in CM significantly increased in Mut1-transfected CAS-1 as compared to controls transfected with WT. Our data suggest that GAUGAA is the RNA motif responsible for the interaction between circSMARCA5 and SRSF1 as well as for the circSMARCA5-mediated control of GBM cell migration and angiogenic potential.
Update on the Roles of Rice MAPK Cascades
Authors: Chen Jie , Wang Lihan , Yuan Meng
Published: February 2021

The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades have been validated playing critical roles in diverse aspects of plant biology, from growth and developmental regulation, biotic and abiotic stress responses, to phytohormone signal transduction or responses. A classical MAPK cascade consists of a MAPK kinase kinase (MAPKKK), a MAPK kinase (MAPKK), and a MAPK. From the 75 MAPKKKs, eight MAPKKs, and 15 MAPKs of rice, a number of them have been functionally deciphered. Here, we update recent advances in knowledge of the roles of rice MAPK cascades, including their components and complicated action modes, their diversified functions controlling rice growth and developmental responses, coordinating resistance to biotic and abiotic stress, and conducting phytohormone signal transduction. Moreover, we summarize several complete MAPK cascades that harbor OsMAPKKK-OsMAPKK-OsMAPK, their interaction with different upstream components and their phosphorylation of diverse downstream substrates to fulfill their multiple roles. Furthermore, we state a comparison of networks of rice MAPK cascades from signal transduction crosstalk to the precise selection of downstream substrates. Additionally, we discuss putative concerns for elucidating the underlying molecular mechanisms and molecular functions of rice MAPK cascades in the future.
Assessing the Potential Distributions of the Invasive Mosquito Vector Aedes albopictus and Its Natural Wolbachia Infections in México
Authors: Moo-Llanes David A. , López-Ordóñez Teresa , Torres-Monzón Jorge A. , Mosso-González Clemente , Casas-Martínez Mauricio , Samy Abdallah M.
Published: February 2021

The Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus is currently the most invasive vector species, with a widespread global distribution. Aedes albopictus is the potential vector of diverse arboviruses, including Zika and dengue. This study updated the ecological niche model of Ae. albopictus and inferred the potential distribution of natural Wolbachia infections in Ae. albopictus in México. The ecological niche models were constructed based on diverse model settings to better estimate the potential distributions and uncertainty indices of both Ae. albopictus and its natural Wolbachia infections in México. The distribution of Ae. albopictus covered the states across Northern México, the Gulf of México, the Pacific Coast of México, Central México, and the southeast of México. The ecological niche model of the natural Wolbachia infections in Ae. albopictus populations anticipated the occurrence of natural Wolbachia infections in the southeast of México, the Chiapas border with Guatemala, and Veracruz. These results can be used to prioritize vector surveillance and control programs in México for strategic and future decision-making; however, it is still necessary to establish active surveillance programs to assess model predictions based on the independent sampling of Ae. albopictus from different invasion zones in México. Finally, vector surveillance should also screen the natural Wolbachia infections in Ae. albopictus to validate Wolbachia predictions across México, particularly in the southeast of México.
Exploring the Challenges Posed by Regulations for the Use of Drones in Agriculture in the African Context
Authors: Ayamga Matthew , Tekinerdogan Bedir , Kassahun Ayalew
Published: February 2021

Global food demands have led to the rapid introduction of Information Communication Technology (ICT) innovations in the agriculture sector—one such innovation is drone technology. Drones are used in precision agriculture, including aerial observation, sensing, and the spraying of pesticides. Regulations on the use of drones are necessary because drones can violate privacy rules, data protection rights, and public peace. However, many African countries have either very restrictive regulations, or no proper regulation in place, making the process of acquiring a license for drone operation cumbersome. In this study, we present the results of a literature review that explores the current drone regulations in Sub-Saharan Africa and the results of a systematic literature review (SLR) and survey study whereby we have interviewed the relevant stakeholders, in order to understand the challenges posed by the regulations to the effective use of drones for agriculture. The results indicate that the regulations contain about 40 to 85 per cent of the provisions of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) manual on Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPASs). In addition, whilst the SLR focused on the technology, safety, ethics and regulatory hurdles towards drones, the interviewees focused on the need for skill and awareness among the responsible authorities to enforce regulations, and the need for sustainability and participatory process in defining regulations.
Category Theory as Interpretation Law Model in Artificial Intelligence Era
Authors:   School of Education, Frederick University, Nicosia, Cyprus, Seremeti Lambrini , Kougias Ioannis ,   Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Semantic Interconnected Symbiotic Education Environments, Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, University of Peloponnese
Published: February 2021

Nowadays, artificial intelligence entities operate autonomously and they actively participate in everyday social activities. At a macro-perspective, they play the role of mediator between people and their actions, as components of the fundamental structure of every social activity. At a micro-perspective, they can be considered as fixed critical points whose hypostasis is not subject to established legal framework. A key point is that embedding artificial intelligence entities in everyday activities may maximize legal uncertainty both at the macro and micro-level, as well as at the interim phase, i.e., the switch between the two levels. In this paper, we adapt a well-known concept from Category Theory, namely that of the pushout, in order to approximate the core interpretation legal framework of such activities, by considering each level as an open system. The purpose of using Systems Theory in combination with Category Theory is to introduce a mathematical approach to uniquely interpret complex legal social activities and to show that this novel area of artificially enhanced activities is of prime and practical importance and significance to law and computer science practitioners.
INFLUENCE OF MACRO AND MICRO DEFLECTIONS ON LOADING CAPACITY, FLOW RATE AND ENERGY CHARACTERISTICS OF FLUID FRICTION BEARINGS
Authors: MAYOROV S.V. , GORIN A.V. , RODICHEVA I.V. , USIKOVA I.G.
Published: February 2021

The influence of technological deviations on the performance of fluid friction bearings is considered. A mathematical model of a hydrodynamic sliding bearing is presented, based on a joint numerical solution of the Reynolds equation and additional relations to take into account the microroughness of the bearing surfaces. Analysis of the numerical results made it possible to assess the effect of roughness on the bearing capacity, consumption and energy characteristics of fluid friction bearings.
PRINCIPLES OF CONSTRUCTION OF TECHNICAL MEANS MULTIPARAMETRIC OPTICAL DIAGNOSTICS FOR ASSESSING THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF MICROCIRCULATORY-TISSUE SYSTEMS
Authors: DUNAEV A.V.
Published: February 2021

Multiparametric optical non-invasive diagnostics (OND), combining several methods in a single device, is one of the most promising technologies for studying microcirculatory tissue systems (MTS) of the human body. However, there are a number of limitations associated with its insufficient methodological and instrumental support. This work is devoted to the systematization of the issues of developing principles for constructing technical means of multiparametric OND for assessing the functional state of the MTS. According to an integrated biotechnical approach, a generalized structural and functional scheme has been synthesized to formalize the principles of constructing multiparametric OND devices, and examples of its implementation for some areas of medicine - endocrinology and minimally invasive surgery are given.
A METHOD FOR CALIBRATING THE ENERGY POTENTIAL OF A PHASED ARRAY RADAR TO INCREASE THE PROBABILITY OF DETECTING SMALL-SIZED SPACECRAFT
Authors: PANKOV B.B. , MALKUTA A.V.
Published: February 2021

The article describes the method of calibration of the radar energy potential. The list of recorded data for constructing the function of potential terrain in the area of operation of the radar station is defined.
WEAR RESISTANCE OF EPOXY COATINGS FILLED WITH SYNTHETIC WOLLASTONITE BASED ON RICE HUSK
Authors: Gotlib E. , Ha Phuong , Hasanova A. , Galimov E.
Published: February 2021

The extraction of natural wollastonite in the world is limited, so it is relevant to synthesize it on the basis of available calcium and silicon-containing raw materials, and it is promising to use rice husks as a source of silicon dioxide, as a waste of rice processing. Due to the needle shape of the particles, natural wollastonite increases the wear resistance of epoxy coatings, which arouses interest to study the influence of the phase composition and properties of synthetic wollastonite on this property. The calcium silicate synthesized by authors contains β-wollastonite, which is the target component. Its maximum content is achieved at a synthesis temperature not higher than 950 °C, approximately at the level of natural Mivall 10–97. Larnite is found as an impurity in the composition of synthetic wollastonite, it is an island silicate with a chain structure and therefore cannot provide such a modifying effect as fillers with anisodiametric particle shape. The nature of the particle size distribution curves of both natural and synthetic volastonite has two maxima, regardless of the filler synthesis temperature, with the exception of calcium silicate obtained at 900 °C, the particle distribution is narrower than in synthesized fillers, and they are smaller. The wear resistance of epoxy compositions, when filled with both natural and synthetic wollastonite, increases. The greatest increase in this indicator is achieved when using synthetic wollastonite, obtained at a ratio of calcium oxide and silicon dioxide 1: 1 and temperatures of 900-1000 °C. Thus, epoxy materials filled with both natural and synthetic wollastonium obtained at optimal ratios of the initial components and synthesis temperatures can be effectively and economically used as wear-resistant coatings.
THE POSSIBILITY OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL PRINTING WITH SILICATE MASSES USING CERAMIC AND HYDRATION BINDERS
Authors: Moreva I. , Varenikova T. , Kirillova N. , Doroganov V. , Lebedev M. , Evtushenko Evgeniy , Shakurova N.
Published: February 2021

The 3D printing technologies have appeared for a long time and are successfully used in a number of industries. The activities of many leading companies in the creation of layouts, models and prototypes of units, assemblies, products are practically not carried out without the use of 3D printing. The following are batch production technologies with high productivity combined with low cost, comparable to traditional methods of manufacturing products. The production of various products from silicate masses in an additive manner is seriously constrained by a number of issues due to the specifics of the material itself. One of them - achieving high physical and mechanical characteristics is possible only after hydration (for cements) or heat treatment (ceramic masses) of the product. Significant influence is exerted by the method of manufacturing the product. The most convenient and least energy-consuming method (in comparison with the powder 3D printing methods using laser sintering) is layer-by-layer slip casting or plastic extrusion, however, there are some unresolved problems. This paper highlights the key problems of using the additive method of manufacturing structural products on ceramic and hydration bonds using plastic and rigid masses in combination with vibration effects.
Center-Effect of Incident Hemodialysis Vascular Access Use: Analysis of a Bi-national Registry
Authors: Ng Samantha , Pascoe Elaine M. , Johnson David W. , Hawley Carmel M. , Polkinghorne Kevan R. , McDonald Stephen , Clayton Philip A. , Rabindranath Kannaiyan S. , Roberts Matthew A. , Irish Ashley B. , Viecelli Andrea K.
Published: February 2021

Key Points

This study examined patient and center factors associated with arteriovenous fistula/graft access use at hemodialysis commencement.

Arteriovenous access use at hemodialysis commencement varied four-fold from 15% to 62% (median 39%) across centers.

There is substantial variability in arteriovenous access use across centers.

Background

Commencing hemodialysis (HD) with an arteriovenous access is associated with superior patient outcomes compared with a catheter, but the majority of patients in Australia and New Zealand initiate HD with a central venous catheter. This study examined patient and center factors associated with arteriovenous fistula/graft access use at HD commencement.

Methods

We included all adult patients starting chronic HD in Australia and New Zealand between 2004 and 2015. Access type at HD initiation was analyzed using logistic regression. Patient-level factors included sex, age, race, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, primary kidney disease, late nephrologist referral, comorbidities, and prior RRT. Center-level factors included size; transplant capability; home HD proportion; incident peritoneal dialysis (average number of patients commencing RRT with peritoneal dialysis per year); mean weekly HD hours; average blood flow; and achievement of phosphate, hemoglobin, and weekly Kt/V targets. The study included 27,123 patients from 61 centers.

Results

Arteriovenous access use at HD commencement varied four-fold from 15% to 62% (median 39%) across centers. Incident arteriovenous access use was more likely in patients aged 51–72 years, males, and patients with a BMI of >25 kg/m2 and polycystic kidney disease; but use was less likely in patients with a BMI of <18.5 kg/m2, late nephrologist referral, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, chronic lung disease, and prior RRT. Starting HD with an arteriovenous access was less likely in centers with the highest proportion of home HD, and no center factor was associated with higher arteriovenous access use. Adjustment for center-level characteristics resulted in a 25% reduction in observed intercenter variability of arteriovenous access use at HD initiation compared with the model adjusted for only patient-level characteristics.

Conclusions

This study identified several patient and center factors associated with incident HD access use, yet these factors did not fully explain the substantial variability in arteriovenous access use across centers.
Smart snacks in universities: possibilities for university vending
Authors: Mann Georgianna , Lambert Laurel Greenway , Gupta Kritika , Partacz Megan
Published: February 2021

Background: The study goal was to evaluate the nutritional impact of a healthy snack intervention on a southern university campus. Methods: This quasi-experimental study was conducted during the fall 2017 semester weekly for 14 weeks in a large southern U.S. university. For the intervention, half of vending snacks in four campus residential halls (housing from 216 to 361 students) were substituted with snacks complying with federal Smart Snacks in School nutrition standards for K-12 schools. For analysis, data from the Nutrition Facts labels of 14 vending machines or from manufacturer’s websites was collected by trained graduate and undergraduate researchers. Results: On average, for each Smart Snack sold, there was a statistically significant reduction of 99.38 calories (CI=42.32, 156.43), 4 g saturated fat (CI = 2.23, 5.75), and 10.06 g of sugar(CI=2.92, 17.20). An average reduction of 41.88 mg in sodium and an increase of 0.81g in fiber was also found, but was not statistically significant. There was a significant difference (t(16)=3.02, P < 0.025, 95% CI = 10.77, 55.79) between the Quality Score of Smart Snacks (M=59.13,SD= ± 36.50) and that of non-compliant snacks (M=25.85, SD= ± 24.72). Conclusion: The nutritional impact with even a 50% Smart Snack replacement is promising. Many available comparable snacks mimic the mouthfeel, taste, and appearance of their original full-fat, full-sodium, and full-sugar counterparts. Including healthier snack choices in vending machines may be a viable option for universities to transform the campus eating environment.
Effect of connector size and design on the fracture resistance of monolithic zirconia fixed dental prosthesis
Authors: Hafezeqoran Ali , Koodaryan Roodabeh , Hemmati Yasser , Akbarzadeh Ayshin
Published: February 2021

Background. Designing a high strength all-ceramic fixed partial denture with favorable esthetics can be challenging for clinicians; this study aimed to evaluate the effect of connector size and design on the fracture resistance of monolithic zirconia fixed dental prostheses. Methods. Two groups of twenty 3-unit monolithic zirconia (Sirona inCoris TZI, Sirona Dental Systems GmbH) bridges, extending from the mandibular first premolar to the first molar with different connector sizes (9 mm2 and 12 mm2 ), were divided into two subgroups with different connector designs (round and sharp). The specimens were subjected to the three-point bending test to obtain the fracture-bearing load. The results were reported using descriptive statistics (mean ± standard deviation). Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the fracture load in two types of designs for each connector size and two connector size types for each connector design. The significance level was considered at P<0.05. Results. The minimum failure load was related to the group with a 9-mm2 connector size and a sharp embrasure design (1054.4±133.89 N), and the highest mean value belonged to the group with 12-mm2 connector size and rounded embrasure design (1599.8±167.09 N). Mann-Whitney U test indicated a significant difference between the mean failure load of the rounded and sharp embrasure designs in the 9-mm2 connector size (P=0.007). However, the difference was insignificant in the 12-mm2 connector size (P=0.075). Conclusion. Sharp embrasure design is not recommended for high-stress areas with restricted occlusogingival height. A 9-mm2 connector size for 3-unit monolithic zirconia fixed dental prosthesis (FDP), which is recommended by the manufacturer, should be used more cautiously
Root canal debridement efficacy of heated sodium hypochlorite in conjunction with passive ultrasonic agitation: An ex vivo study
Authors: Damade Yogesh , Kabir Ramchandra , Gaddalay Sunanda , Deshpande Sharvaree , Gite Sonali , Bambale Sandip , Dubey Nileshkumar
Published: February 2021

Background. This study aimed to investigate the endodontic debridement efficacy of different sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) irrigation regimens with and without ultrasonic agitation, followed by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) after using a rotary instrumentation system. Methods. Mandibular premolars (n=50) were randomly divided into five experimental groups (n=10) for root canal instrumentation with ProTaper Universal rotary system up to F3. The root canal system was treated with intracanal-heated NaOCl (100°C) or preheated NaOCl (55°C), followed by ultrasonic agitation and EDTA treatment. Samples irrigated with conventional needle irrigation (CNI) using normal saline solution were used as controls. Debridement efficacy was analyzed by SEM. A five-point scale was used to estimate the presence/absence of debris for each canal segment (coronal, middle, and apical). The results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey tests (P<0.05). Results. The experimental groups exhibited less debris compared to CNI with saline (P<0.05). The amount of debris decreased significantly for the group with NaOCl intracanal heating compared to extraoral heating. Ultrasonic agitation further enhanced the root canal debridement efficacy of NaOCl. Conclusion. In summary, intracanal heating of NaOCl with and without ultrasonic agitation followed by EDTA appears to be a promising method to flush debris from the root canal system.
In vitro comparison of two photostimulable phosphor plate systems for early detection of occlusal dentin caries with and without a sharpening filter
Authors: Bardal Roghieh , Mobini Mahshid , Mirzaee Matin
Published: February 2021

Background. Dental caries is the most important reason for tooth loss. Clinical examination is the most commonly used technique for occlusal caries diagnosis. The diagnostic power of digital systems is a matter of controversy in this field. The present study aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of two photostimulable phosphor plate (PSP) systems for early occlusal dentin caries in vitro. Methods. Sixty-nine extracted molar and premolar teeth were used in this study. The teeth were mounted in triple blocks, and standard radiographs were taken by the Digora and Acteon digital radiographic systems. The original and filter 1-enhanced radiographs were evaluated by two experienced observers twice at an interval of two weeks, and dentin caries was recorded in Tables prepared for the study. The teeth were then sectioned in a buccolingual direction and evaluated under a stereomicroscope. The observers’ reports were compared with microscopic findings as the gold standard. SPSS 23 was used to calculate the kappa coefficient, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the ROC curve (AUC). Statistical significance was set at P<0.05. Results. The internal and the external agreements in both imaging systems were good to excellent. The means of sensitivity, specificity, and AUC in the Acteon system were 34.1, 92.9, and 0.674, with 30.8, 94.8, and 0.659, respectively, in the Digora system. Conclusion. The accuracy of early occlusal caries diagnosis was poor on both systems, and no significant difference was observed between the two systems at a 95% confidence interval. Although the AUC was slightly higher in the original images, there was no significant difference between them; however, due to their high specificity, they can prevent unnecessary treatments in the clinic.
Number of dental abutments influencing the biomechanical behavior of tooth‒implant-supported fixed partial dentures: A finite element analysis
Authors: de Oliveira Janaina Cordeiro , Sordi Mariane Beatriz , da Cruz Ariadne Cristiane Cabral , Zanetti Raquel Virgínia , Betiol Ederson Aureo Golçalves , Vieira Sérgio Roberto , Zanetti Artêmio Luiz
Published: February 2021

Background. Local or systemic issues might prevent installing a sufficient number of dental implants for fixed prosthetic rehabilitation. Splinting dental implants and natural teeth in fixed dentures could overcome such limitations. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of the number of dental abutments in the biomechanics of tooth‒implant-supported fixed partial dentures (FPDs). The null hypothesis was that increasing the number of abutment teeth would not decrease the stress over the abutments and surrounding bone. Methods. Left mandibular lateral incisor, canine, premolars, and molars were reconstructed through computed tomography and edited using image processing software to represent a cemented fixed metal‒ceramic partial denture. Three models were set to reduce the number of abutment teeth: 1) lateral incisor, canine, and first premolar; 2) canine and first premolar; 3) the first premolar. The second premolar and first molar were set as pontics, and the second molar was set as an implant abutment in all the models. Finite element analyses were performed under physiologic masticatory forces with axial and oblique loading vectors. Results. After simulation of axial loads, the stress peaks on the bone around the implant, the bone around the first premolar, and prosthetic structures did not exhibit significant changes when the number of abutment teeth decreased. However, under oblique loads, decreasing the number of abutment teeth increased stress peaks on the surrounding bone and denture. Conclusion. Increasing the number of dental abutments in tooth‒implant-supported cemented FPD models decreased stresses on its constituents, favoring the prosthetic biomechanics.
DEVELOPMENT OF EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT FOR DIE ELECTROFORMING
Authors: Smirnov M. M. , Korabel’nikov A. R. , Tikhomirov S. A.
Published: February 2021

This article presents the results of the creation of laboratory equipment for the production of nano- and microfibres by the method of multi-layer electrospinning, a detailed description of the parts of the resulting device is given, such as a device for feeding a polymer solution into the electrospinning zone and a collector assembly. The main parameters of the device, the principle of operation and modes of electrospinning are

described. Comparison with similar devices, advantages and disadvantages of different options for supplying solutions to the electroforming zone are presented. The results of experimental studies on this installation are presented on the example of aqueous solutions of sodium alginate and polyvinyl alcohol, and their mixtures.

The regimes of stable electrospinning are experimentally determined. Samples of nanomaterials were

obtained from mixtures of these polymer solutions. A morphological analysis of the obtained materials and a

histogram of the fibre diameter distribution were carried out.
ERGONOMIC PROPERTIES OF THE SEMI-FINISHED SHORT HAIRY RABBIT FUR PRODUCT
Authors: Strepetova О. А. , Gorbacheva M. V. , Reusova T. V.
Published: February 2021

The article is dedicated to the study of the ergonomic properties of the semi-finished short-haired rabbit fur, which determine the technological possibilities of fur. It is shown that the semi-finished rabbit of rex breed of colour castor and chinchilla has equal resistance to moisture when wet, which is indicated by the moisture content index. When testing hygroscopicity, it is established that the skin samples with hair are less hydrophilic than those without it; by 12,5 %, in the rabbit skins of the rex castor breed, and by 13,8 %, in the skins of the rabbit of rex chinchilla breed. The total thermal resistance of a semi-finished rex rabbit product exceeds the value of the feature of 0,210 m2

·ºC/W, which makes it one of the group of semi-finished fur

products with high thermal protection properties. The established indicators of ergonomic properties of a semi-finished rex rabbit product should be taken into account when choosing semi-finished products and creating furs of different designs and silhouettes.
DEVELOPMENT OF ELEMENTS OF THE TECHNOLOGY OF CREATION OF THE BIONIC STRUCTURE OF PROTECTIVE CLOTHING MATERIAL AGAINST THE THERMAL EFFECTS OF UNDERWATER WELDING
Authors: Korinteli A. M. , Cherunova I. V.
Published: February 2021

The article is devoted to research and development of technology elements for designing and manufacturing a new polymer material based on heat-resistant silicone with a special surface structure in the form of an ordered relief matrix that simulates a bionic surface (“shark skin”), created on the basis of digital processing of bionic models, providing a barrier against thermally dangerous particles of underwater welding. In order to determine the stability of the developed material to the thermal effects of a short-term open flame, experimental tests were carried out, which made it possible to determine that the damage to the surface of the new silicone material is insignificant. It does not lead to the destruction of the overall thickness of the protective material and further risks for the internal foam heat-protective layer of wetsuits – damage to the surface of the protrusions of the relief matrix (no more than 40 % of the initial parameters). The developed material allows one to increase the protection of the main surface of the clothing material.
The laura and coenobium of Saint Pedro of Rocas. A rupestrian complex
of Byzantine origin in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula.
Authors: López Quiroga Jorge , Figueiras Pimentel Natalia
Published: February 2021

The building we see today when we approach the monastery of Saint
Pedro of Rocas reveals the modern architecture: the priory house. But this
architecture "hides" another one that corresponds to the various construction
phases carved in the rock, both in its worship, residential and funerary
function. An architecture excavated in the rock that is directly related to its
hermitic origins linking Saint Pedro of Rocas with an anchoretic tradition
characteristic of the territory in which it is located and which we know as
Ribeira Sacra. Many are the questions, and the enigmas, which still contains
Saint Pedro of Rocas and it is precisely in the rock where we find the answers
to those questions. We do not intend to solve them within the framework of this
article, but we will point out some reflections that allow us to understand the
complexity and enormous historical dimension that enclose the rock of Saint
Pedro of Rocas. The data that we are obtaining from the interdisciplinary
research that we have been carrying out points to a clear oriental origin in the
forms of community life that took place in Saint Pedro of Rocas. The influence
of Saint Martín of Dumio (bishop of Braga, in the second half of the 6th
century) in the importation of monastic life forms of Syrian-Palestinian origin
ended up configuring an architecture carved into the rock at the service of a
clearly Byzantine liturgy.
The Hybrid Character - between the Representations of the Middle Ages and Today’s Art
Authors: Caloian Cezarina Florina
Published: February 2021

This paper is a study of the fantastic character throughout the
history of human civilization. This type of character has evolved from the
hybrid creatures playing a divine role in the art of Assyro-Babylonian
civilizations and of Ancient Egypt, to the monstrous characters of the Middle
Ages which served as substitutes for sin and the force of evil, visible in the
entrelacs of illuminated manuscripts or the gargoyles guarding the walls of
Gothic cathedrals, to the characters of non-human origin in children’s book
illustrations, and up to the characters found in fantasy films or today’s hybrids,
who are in a perfect relationship with technological and cultural evolution. The
paper discusses some original visions and working methods, from the slightly
humorous portraits signed by Arcimboldo, the hybridization of animal
kingdoms, in a much more tragic register, in the works of Hieronymus Bosch or
the fantastic character used as a weapon of political and moral satire in the
works of Goya and Grandville, to the unexpected, occult and mysterious visions
of Ernst Fuchs’ creations or the imaginary universe populated by hybrid
beings, of ‘extra-terrestrial origin, found in the works of HR Giger.
Crueldades, insensibilidades y acumulación de violencias. Un análisis antropológico sobre la violencia institucional como categoría nativa
Authors: Bermúdez Natalia , Villarreal Agustín
Published: February 2021

Para este trabajo proponemos realizar una indagación en torno a los procesos de construcción política de la categoría “violencia institucional” en la provincia de Córdoba, a partir de las investigaciones etnográficas que venimos desarrollando en el equipo de investigación del que formamos parte.

Pretendemos reflexionar acerca de la construcción de la violencia institucional en cuanto categoría nativa, que resulta movilizada tanto por familiares, por “activistas familiares” y que incluye casos diversos, denuncias de abuso y crueldad que exceden la muerte misma, y que refiere también al funcionamiento de la burocracia judicial.

Para ello indagaremos, desde la complejidad y acumulación, las experiencias que las personas tienen en torno a las violencias que los atraviesan, poniendo énfasis en las redes familiares y sus trayectorias porque son ellas las que lidian con los conflictos e implicancias que las muertes violentas suscitan.
El baile, el verdugueo y el sacrificio. Sobre la legitimidad de las violencias policiales
Authors: Garriga Zucal José
Published: February 2021

En estas páginas analizamos la articulación entre algunas formas de la violencia policial y su legitimidad. Nos interesa reflexionar sobre la construcción policial de legitimidades. Con ese objetivo nos preguntaremos si en la pandemia mutaron los criterios de legitimidad. Sin encontrar una respuesta a este interrogante, pondremos en debate como se anudan, o no, algunas formas de la violencia policial -el baile y el verdugueo- con representaciones sobre el trabajo policial -el sacrificio. El desafío es analizar manifestaciones de la violencia policial y reflexionar sobre cómo se construye la legitimidad, sus mutaciones y sus bases morales.
Turkish Speech Recognition Techniques and Applications of Recurrent Units (LSTM and GRU)
Authors: TOMBALOĞLU Burak , ERDEM Hamit
Published: February 2021

A typical solution of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) problems is realized by feature extraction, feature classification, acoustic modeling and language modeling steps. In classification and modeling steps, Deep Learning Methods have become popular and give more successful recognition results than conventional methods. In this study, an application for solving ASR problem in Turkish Language has been developed. The data sets and studies related to Turkish Language ASR problem are examined. Language models in the ASR problems of agglutative language groups such as Turkish, Finnish and Hungarian are examined. Subword based model is chosen in order not to decrease recognition performance and prevent large vocabulary. The recogniton performance is increased by Deep Learning Methods called Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) Neural Networks and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) in the classification and acoustic modeling steps. The recognition performances of systems including LSTM and GRU are compared with the the previous studies using traditional methods and Deep Neural Networks. When the results were evaluated, it is seen that LSTM and GRU based Speech Recognizers performs better than the recognizers with previous methods. Final Word Error Rate (WER) values were obtained for LSTM and GRU as 10,65% and 11,25%, respectively. GRU based systems have similar performance when compared to LSTM based systems. However, it has been observed that the training periods are short. Computation times are 73.518 and 61.020 seconds respectively. The study gave detailed information about the applicability of the latest methods to Turkish ASR research and applications.
Gamificación y aprendizaje adaptativo para el desarrollo de competencias: el caso de la asignatura Algoritmos y Estructuras de Datos
Authors:   , Hünicken Luis Alberto
Published: February 2021

Esta tesis es el resultado de un trabajo de investigación realizado en la asignatura Algoritmos y Estructuras de Datos de la carrera Licenciatura en Sistemas de la Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. El objetivo planteado fue analizar el proceso de implementación de una estrategia didáctica de gamificación y aprendizaje adaptativo en estudiantes de dicha asignatura, respecto del desarrollo de competencias vinculadas con la reflexión, la autonomía, la autoevaluación., el análisis y la responsabilidad. Se enriqueció el contenido y las actividades de la asignatura con una metáfora didáctica, planteada bajo el formato de un "desafío": aquellos estudiantes que superaran el mismo ingresarían a trabajar en una empresa de Sistemas y aprobarían la asignatura. Se asignó una denominación lúdica a las actividades académicas, se definieron niveles asociados a puntos que los estudiantes obtenían al hacer y/o superar las actividades y se generaron y otorgaron insignias ante la realización de desafíos especiales. Se instrumentó un ranking que se mostraba permanentemente en el aula virtual donde los estudiantes podían ver en qué posición estaban, en qué nivel y cuántos puntos tenían y cuántos les faltaban para acceder al próximo. Se estableció una equivalencia entre los niveles, puntos e insignias con los resultados académicos y también se otorgaron puntos por la asistencia a las clases. Desde el punto de vista del aprendizaje adaptativo, se crearon diferentes recorridos para que sigan los estudiantes, en función de su desempeño y/o la declaración o detección de carencia de conocimientos previos necesarios para el desarrollo de la asignatura. Se utilizó el Entorno Virtual de Enseñanza y Aprendizaje Moodle (EVEA) para la implementación de los niveles, puntos, ranking y recorridos. Se obtuvieron mejores resultados académicos, de mayor motivación, participación, asistencia y compromiso tanto de los estudiantes como del equipo docente. También, en palabras de los propios estudiantes, el proceso llevado adelante favoreció el desarrollo de las competencias vinculadas con la reflexión, autonomía, autoevaluación, análisis y responsabilidad. Se considera acertado decir además, que los resultados a los que se arribó, resultaron muy alentadores e instan a profundizar la experiencia en la misma y otras asignaturas para obtener, entre otras informaciones, claridad acerca del tipo de disciplina en la que se logran mejores o peores resultados, determinaciones sobre qué técnicas o tipos de juegos son más apropiados para una asignatura u otra y si en algún caso es posible generalizar el buen o mal resultado con independencia de las ciencias sobre las que se aplique, etc.
Main Trends in Recurrent Disability Resulting from Musculoskeletal Injury Outcomes in Moscow in 2012–2017
Authors: Kovrizhnykh YA , Kovrizhnykh MV , Zapariy NS
Published: February 2021

Summary. Introduction: Pathology of the musculoskeletal system remains a complex medical and social problem due to a high prevalence of injuries and the severity of social consequences including incapacity for work and disability. Our purpose was to study the structure and dynamics of recurrent disability of the adult population in Moscow resulting from musculoskeletal injury outcomes in comparison with the indicators for the Central Federal District and the Russian Federation as a whole in 2012–2017, in order to develop appropriate measures for medical and social rehabilitation. Materials and methods: We studied cases of recurrent disability resulting from musculoskeletal injury outcomes in people aged 18 and older in Moscow (9,787), the Central Federal District (55,363) and the Russian Federation (246,376) using the electronic database of the unified information and analytical system of medical and social expertise, statistical observation forms No. 7, Social Security (“Sobes”), and digests of the Federal Bureau of Medical and Social Expert Examination of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation. We applied methods of data copying, comparative analysis, and descriptive statistics (extensive and intensive indicators, significance tests (p)). Results: We established a decrease in the number of cases of recurrent disability both in Moscow and in the Central Federal District and the Russian Federation in 2012–2017. The proportion of such cases in Moscow was higher than in the Russian Federation, but lower than in the Central Federal District while the rate of recurrent disability of the adult population resulting from musculo skeletal injury outcomes in Moscow was lower than that in the district and the country as a whole. Most cases of recurrent disability were persons of working age (18–44 years of age): the extensive indicators were higher in Moscow while the intensive indicators in Moscow were lower than in the Central Federal District and the Russian Federation. As for the severity of disability, then persons with grade III disabilities predominated; their percentage was higher in Moscow but the disability rate there was still lower than in the Central Federal District and the Russian Federation. Conclusions: The study of recurrent disability resulting from musculoskeletal injury outcomes in Moscow in 2012–2017 revealed that novel approaches to carrying out expert rehabilitation diagnostics contribute to a more accurate assessment of severity of impairments and selection of appropriate age and sex-specific rehabilitation measures promoting effective rehabilitation and social integration of people with disabilities.
El hombre, ser ético-moral
Authors: Castagnetti Morini Antonio
Published: February 2021

La persona humana es el camino obligado para la fundamentación del juicio ético. El ser humano, creado por Dios, es el fundamento ontológico y objetivo de la Teología Moral de la persona.

Perdida aquella objetividad, dice Ramón Flecha Andrés, autor de varios libros de Teología Moral, se ha buscado afanosamente un criterio para hincar, como en tierra firme, la valoración moral de los comportamientos humanos. La suspicacia ante la verdad objetiva obligaría en los últimos siglos a apelar a una normatividad consensuada por los seres humanos y apoyada por el andamiaje de los ordenamientos legales.

(…) La moral es propia de los seres humanos. La moral es “humana” en múltiples sentidos. Son las personas las que se comportan moralmente. Pero es la moral la que configura la “humanidad”. De ahí que haya que afirmar una y otra vez la centralidad de la persona humana en la reflexión moral; y eso, al menos, en dos sentidos inevitables y complementarios: como objetivo de la moralidad: (fr. Ramón Flecha A Moral de la persona).
La universidad, realidad problemática
Authors: Marías Aguilera Julian
Published: February 2021

La Universidad de San Marcos de Lima me pide unas palabras sobre “La Universidad en el siglo XX”. La ocasión, su cuarto centenario. El motivo, la conciencia que tienen todas las cabezas claras que se mueven en torno a la Universidad, de que ésta no es hoy nada sencillo y obvio, que pueda marchar sin más y hacer lo mismo que hasta ahora. La Universidad de San Marcos de Lima es la más antigua de las dos Américas: a los cincuenta y nueve años del descubrimiento, una Universidad se levantaba ya junto a los bordes del Pacífico. Soy poco amigo del énfasis, y no suelo envanecerme con glorias pretéritas españolas ni hispanoamericanas; temo, más bien, todos esos grandes gestos que suelen hacer las gentes de nuestro linaje; pero tampoco creo que se deba pasar por alto el shock que en nuestra sensibilidad histórica produce esa fecha: 1551. Y esa ya larga tradición de cuatro siglos de autoridad a la Universidad de Lima para preguntarse hoy qué pasa con la Universidad. ¿Tendré yo alguna autoridad para intentar dar una respuesta? Esto es más que problemático.
Presentación
Authors: Editorial Comité
Published: February 2021

La REVISTA EDUCA-UMCH cumple su función institucional al presentar el número 8, con temas de diversa índole, fruto del pensar y de la labor investigativa de los docentes de la Universidad. Con ello difunde trabajos que muestran algunas pinceladas de la preocupación docente en los diversos ámbitos de la docencia y en el logro de aprendizajes de los estudiantes, a la vez que de su dedicación a la investigación y ensayos en el campo de las humanidades, las ciencias sociales y la literatura.
Nuevas perspectivas sobre educación
Authors: Latorre Ariño Marino
Published: February 2021

Si analizamos las exigencias de la universidad y de la escuela hasta hace pocos años, al estudiante universitario se le pedía adquirir una serie de conocimientos propios de la especialidad (la mayor parte de ellos teóricos) para llegar a ser un buen profesional. La práctica la aprendía pronto al llegar a la empresa y en el trabajo, pues contaba con un bagaje teórico sólido.

Al inicio del siglo XXI se exige el aprendizaje de competencias. Las competencias son capacidades-habilidades complejas que hacen referencia al manejo de conocimientos, habilidades (capacidades-destrezas) y actitudes (valores), en la realización de acciones concretas propias de una profesión y con estándares de calidad aprobados. El núcleo de una competencia es una capacidad o potencial que posee una persona para realizar determinadas acciones con estándares de calidad aceptados.
Uso de las Tic en el proceso de enseñanza para lograr el aprendizaje significativo en los alumnos de instituciones educativas peruanas del nivel secundario
Authors: Moreno Sáenz Jenny Victoria , Espinoza Herrera Liliana
Published: February 2021

El trabajo que se presenta en este artículo se desarrolla en el marco de la Norma Internacional ISO 9004: 2009: que es una herramienta de autoevaluación para mejorar la calidad de las organizaciones y la propuesta de Andrew Churches: La taxonomía digital, basada en la Taxonomía de Bloom. Ambos enfoques, aplicados adecuadamente permiten hacer uso eficiente de las TIC para lograr el aprendizaje significativo en los alumnos de educación básica regular del nivel secundario.

La Norma Internacional ISO 9004: 2009 presenta un marco general, para el desarrollo de este trabajo se ha tomado en cuenta solo algunos criterios que han sido contextualizados para el uso de las TIC en el proceso de enseñanza, considerando el actual modelo educativo del nuevo diseño curricular. Asimismo los criterios de la norma se ha articulado con la Taxonomía de Bloom para la era digital, que al ser aplicados se puede lograr el aprendizaje significativo del alumno.
Anamnesis: Primer Puesto en el Concurso literario UMCH 2016
Authors: Freyre Muñoz Rodrigo M.
Published: February 2021

Primer Puesto en el Concurso literario UMCH 2016

No hay tiempo ni espacio, ni nombres, solo personas y sus almas que se muestran en

sus acciones. Él pudo ser artista del Renacimiento, filósofo grecolatino, revolucionario

social francés, ermitaño contemplativo en busca de Dios o soldado de las guerras

mundiales. Pero ella, ella siempre fue ella.