bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effects of Technostress on Psychological Contract Violation and Organizational Change Resistance
Authors: Shin JaeWon , Shin HyoungChul
Published: September 2024

This study investigates the effects of technostress perceived by employees on psychological contract violations and resistance to organizational change, as information and communication technology is applied to various tourism industry work sites. This study’s sample consisted of employees working in the Korean tourism industry in June 2023, who were surveyed using snowball sampling. Four hypotheses were proposed. First, technostress is associated with psychological contract violations. Second, psychological contract violations are associated with organizational change resistance. Third, technostress is associated with organizational change resistance. Fourth, psychological contract violations may play a mediating role in the relationship between technostress and organizational change resistance. All hypotheses in this study were adopted. Therefore, organizations and management in the tourism industry should identify and improve the factors that cause employee technostress arising from expanding information and communication technology to provide psychological stability.
Numerical Investigation on Stability of Lanxi’s Ancient City Wall during a Major Flood Propagation Process
Authors: Qin Zipeng , Tian Yan , Li Qian , He Weizhong , He Xiaohui , Zhu Qingliang , Gao Jingquan
Published: September 2024

Major flood propagation processes often cause instability and damage to the ancient waterfront city walls. To quantitatively reveal the impact of major floods on the stability of ancient city walls, this paper takes Lanxi’s ancient city wall as a study object and constructs a numerical model to investigate the influence of the major flood process in 2017 on the wall stability and reveals the varying laws of its seepage, displacements, maximal shear stresses and safety factors with flood propagation time on the basis of flood level data, combining indoor experiments and field observations. The results show that flood level variations significantly affect the PWPs (pore water pressures) of the fillings behind the wall. During the flood period, the maximal horizontal and vertical displacements are mainly induced by soil extrusion and deformation, and the maximal shear stresses of the outer and inner wall also significantly increase. The changing rates of the wall’s safety factors measurably exceed that of the flood level. The flood level variation range dramatically affects the safety factors when it changes near and above the wall foot. The minimum of the safety factors decreases with the increasing flood level falling rate when it drops near the wall foot at different rates. The ancient city wall usually does not experience serious instability under a single major flood. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the selection of reinforcement measures for flood control ancient city walls and the protection of ancient waterfront buildings.
Impact of Crushed Natural Aggregate on Environmental Footprint of the Construction Industry: Enhancing Sustainability in Aggregate Production
Authors: Vijerathne Dimuthu , Wahala Sampath , Illankoon Chethana
Published: September 2024

This research addresses a critical gap in understanding the environmental impact of natural rock aggregate production in Sri Lanka. The study employs life cycle assessment (LCA) and SimaPro Software to simulate natural coarse aggregates’ extraction and manufacture process. Key findings reveal significant environmental impacts, with human carcinogenic toxicity (2.45938 × 10−6 Pt), eutrophication of freshwater (1.59326 × 10−6 Pt), and fossil resource scarcity (1.4823 × 10−6 Pt) being significant concerns. The crushing process in particular shows the highest levels, contributing 2.21 × 106 to human carcinogenic toxicity and 8.92 × 107 to freshwater eutrophication. High electricity consumption, particularly from hard coal in electricity generation, is identified as a primary contributor. Although the sole source of coarse aggregate production in Sri Lanka is natural rock crushing, there is a lack of country-specific environmental impact assessment data for this process. This study provides a valuable dataset for the Sri Lankan construction industry, covering various environmental impact categories and encompassing the sub-processes inherent to natural rock aggregate production. The research highlights the necessity of implementing sustainable practices in quarry operations, proposing a transition towards more environmentally friendly energy sources. By quantifying environmental effects, this study provides valuable insights for stakeholders in the construction sector, enabling informed decision-making and targeted interventions to enhance overall sustainability while offering aggregate manufacturers opportunities to adopt more sustainable practices.
The Implementation and Barriers of Green Recruitment: A Qualitative Study on Green Human Resource Management
Authors: Wang Jinghan , Tang Lijun , Zhang Tiancheng , Phillips Chris , Aldawish Lamis Sultan
Published: September 2024

Green human resource management (GHRM) has become an indispensable strategy in green management. As the first step of GHRM, green recruitment and selection (GRS) has been emphasised as the important and probably the only practice to help the firm obtain green human capital directly. However, research has shown that not many firms implement GRS in practice, and there is a lack of studies exploring the barriers to GRS. This study fills this gap by examining the barriers to GRS across different industries in China. It adopted a qualitative and inductive approach, which is relatively rare in the GHRM field. Based on interviews with senior managers, a number of barriers were revealed in relation to the two components of GRS: paperless recruitment and green candidates. More specifically, two new factors that have not been reported in the existing literature were identified: the alignment between the job profile, green practices, and profit orientation. These two factors have both theoretical and practical implications.
Carboplatin and Paclitaxel Chemoradiation for Localized Anal Cancer in Patients Not Eligible for Mitomycin and 5-Fluorouracil
Authors: DeZeeuw Alyssa K. , Bassetti Michael F. , Carchman Evie H. , Heise Charles P. , Hayden Dana , Lawson Elise H. , Sanger Cristina B. , King Ray , LoConte Noelle K. , Lubner Sam J. , Kratz Jeremy D. , Deming Dustin A.
Published: September 2024

Background: Although squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA) is a relatively uncommon malignancy in the United States, it continues to increase in incidence. Treatment for locoregional disease includes mitomycin and 5-fluorouracil with radiation. This combination is associated with significant toxicity, limiting its use in patients who are older or have certain comorbidities. Carboplatin and paclitaxel (C/P) is an accepted treatment regimen for metastatic SCCA. We aim to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of weekly C/P given with radiation for patients unable to receive standard chemoradiation for SCCA. Methods: From our cancer registry, adult patients who received weekly intravenous C/P concurrent with standard-dose radiation for localized SCCA were included in this study. Clinical response was determined based on the evidence of disease on imaging and/or anoscopy. Toxicities were graded according to the CTCAE v5. Results: Ten patients were included; eight were female, and the median age was 75.5 years (54–87). Six had T2 disease, and four had T3 tumors. Four had node-positive disease. The majority (70%) of patients were dosed at standard C (AUC 2) and P (50 mg/m2), with a limited subset requiring dose reduction for baseline performance status. Patients completed a mean of 78.3% (40–100%) of the intended treatments. A total of 89% of the patients achieved a complete clinical response. With a median follow-up of 25.8 months (3.4–50.4 months), 67% of the patients are alive and without recurrence. Two patients have had local recurrence, and one patient had metastatic progression. The most common toxicities of any grade included leukopenia (100%), anemia (100%), radiation dermatitis (100%), diarrhea (100%), and fatigue (100%). Grade 3 or higher toxicities included neutropenic fever (20%), neutropenia (30%), and anemia (30%). Conclusions: This study demonstrates promising tolerability and efficacy for weekly C/P chemoradiation for patients with anal cancer unable to receive mitomycin and 5-fluorouracil. This regimen merits further investigation in prospective clinical trials.
Therapeutic Treatment Options for In-Transit Metastases from Melanoma
Authors: Russano Francesco , Rastrelli Marco , Dall’Olmo Luigi , Del Fiore Paolo , Gianesini Carlomaria , Vecchiato Antonella , Mazza Marcodomenico , Tropea Saveria , Mocellin Simone
Published: September 2024

In-transit metastases (ITM) in melanoma present a significant therapeutic challenge due to their advanced stage and complex clinical nature. From traditional management with surgical resection, ITM treatment has evolved with the advent of systemic therapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted therapies, which have markedly improved survival outcomes. This study aims to review and highlight the efficacy of both systemic and locoregional treatment approaches for ITM. Methods include a comprehensive review of clinical studies examining the impact of treatments like immune checkpoint inhibitors, targeted therapies, Isolated Limb Perfusion, and electrochemotherapy. The results indicate that combining systemic therapies with locoregional treatments enhances both local disease control and overall survival rates. The introduction of modern immunotherapies has not diminished the effectiveness of locoregional therapies but rather improved patient outcomes when used in conjunction. The conclusions emphasize that a multidisciplinary approach integrating systemic and locoregional therapies offers a promising strategy for optimizing the management of ITM in melanoma patients. This integrated treatment model not only improves survival rates but also enhances the quality of life for patients, suggesting a shift in standard care practices toward more comprehensive therapeutic regimens.
Enhancing Onshore Wind Tower Foundations: A Comprehensive Automated Design Approach
Authors: Vougioukas Emmanouil , Stamos Athanasios , Pappa Charikleia , Lagaros Nikos D.
Published: September 2024

The realm of green energy is in constant flux, drawing considerable attention from stakeholders dedicated to minimizing environmental impact, reducing costs, and developing structures that align with stringent standards. This study introduces an innovative approach aimed at improving onshore wind tower foundation systems, emphasizing both engineering and financial feasibility. The approach involves a comprehensive analysis of design load cases, particularly emphasizing resistance against overturn, while ensuring compliance with Eurocode guidelines. The foundation system is conceptualized as a beam slab with voids filled by soil material. High reduction in concrete quantity is achieved by reaching 30%, while the steel reduction reaches 90%. It is worth mentioning that the total cost is reduced by up to 70%. Furthermore, as a future trend, this study aims to integrate the new foundation system with steel 3D printing technology in the manufacturing process of the wind tower’s structural elements. This integration is expected to enhance the precision and customization of the superstructure-foundation system, thereby improving overall performance and efficiency. The optimized design not only significantly reduces construction costs but also streamlines installation, saving time. Simultaneously, this study enhances the structural behavior of the wind tower foundation by focusing on elements crucial to its efficiency.
Study on the Stability of Fe/Al2O3 Interface in Metal-Based Cermets Using Thermodynamic Modeling
Authors: Wei Xiangyu , Sun Tengfei , Zhang Kuai , Li Yungang
Published: September 2024

Iron-based cermet has the advantages of high-temperature resistance, low price, good performance, and so on. At present, most of the studies on cermets are focused on the measurement of macroscopic properties and optical microscopic characterization, while there are few microscopic studies on the interface structure. In this paper, based on density functional theory (DFT), the stability of the Fe/Al2O3 interface is studied, and the stability difference and interface formation mechanism of different end combinations are investigated. By calculating the surface energy, adhesion work, interface energy, density of states, charge density, differential charge density, and so on, it was concluded that the stability of the O-terminal interface was greater than that of the Al interface. It has a certain guiding role in the preparation of Fe/Al2O3 cermet materials.
Simple Nickel Foam Modification Procedures for Enhanced Ni Foam Supercapacitor Applications
Authors: Pierożyński Bogusław , Kuczyński Mateusz , Mikołajczyk Tomasz
Published: September 2024

The three-dimensional and porous structure of nickel foam makes it an attractive material for employment in cost-effective electrochemical supercapacitors. This communication presents ac. impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry electrochemical examinations of potential supercapacitor electrode materials, fabricated by means of simple electrochemical procedures, employed to as-received Ni foam material. This involves the electro-oxidation and Co-catalytic modifications of baseline nickel foam samples. Hence, the supercapacitor-type performance (as evidenced over the examined potential range in 0.1 M NaOH solution) of base nickel foam material could extensively be tailored by means of simple surface and catalytic refinements. The latter was evidenced through the employment of combined electrochemical (cyclic voltammetry, ac. impedance) and SEM/EDX (Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-Ray) surface spectroscopy evaluations.
Ab Initio Study of the Crystalline Structure of HgS under Low and High Pressure
Authors: Aidouni Ahmed Amine , Aissat Abdelkader , Ould-Mohamed Mounir , Benamar Mohamed El Amine , Dupont Samuel , Vilcot Jean Pierre
Published: September 2024

This study analyzes the lattice dynamics of HgS under various pressures using ab initio self-consistent calculations based on the plane-wave method (PW) and generalized gradient approximation (GGA). The static study, performed by enthalpy calculations, predicts that the transition from the cinnabar phase (α-HgS) to the zinc-blende B3 (β-HgS) or wurtzite (2H) structures occurs at very low pressures, at 0.65 or 0.70 GPa, respectively. Furthermore, the transition from β-HgS to the rocksalt (B1) phase occurs at 7 GPa, and at high pressure, specifically at 110 GPa, HgS can adopt the CsCl (B2) phase. The mechanical study confirms the stability of the β and 2H phases at 0 GPa. Phonon calculations corroborate the results of the static and mechanical studies regarding stability (α→0.7GPa2H→0.9GPaβ), and the results indicate that the instabilities of the transverse acoustic (TA) modes, induced by the application of pressures of 10.5 GPa, 21 GPa, and 190 GPa, are responsible for the observed phase transitions in part of the Brillouin.
Mixed-Metal Coordination Polymers
Authors: Englert Ulli
Published: September 2024

The higher degree of heterogeneity of the target compounds opens yet another dimension in the already broad field of coordination chemistry [...]
Embryonic and Fetal Mortality in Dairy Cows: Incidence, Relevance, and Diagnosis Approach in Field Conditions
Authors: Andrade Maria Francisca , Simões João
Published: September 2024

Pregnancy loss (PL) in dairy cattle results in animal health and welfare disruption and has a great economic impact on farms, with decreases in fertility and increased culling. It can occur at any stage of embryonic or fetal development. Abortion occurring from the second half of pregnancy has a more negative impact on dairy farms. There are several infectious and non-infectious factors that can lead to PL and vary according embryonic or fetal stages. As this is a multifactorial or multi-etiological occurrence, it is important to identify the risk factors and the best diagnostic tools to approach these reproductive losses that can occur sporadically or by outbreaks. Reaching a final diagnosis can be challenging, especially when it occurs at a very early stage of pregnancy, where losses may not be detected and neonatal deaths may be related to alterations in the fetus in utero. Also, laboratorial results from animal samples should be interpreted according to the full clinical approach. This review aimed to highlight all these essential aspects, identifying the main infectious and non-infectious causes leading to PL, as well as the best veterinary practices for diagnosing it, mainly through transrectal palpation, ultrasound, and laboratory methods, in bovine dairy farms.
Corneal Cross-Linking for Pediatric Keratoconus
Authors: Wójcik-Niklewska Bogumiła , Filipek Erita , Janik Paweł
Published: September 2024

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate corneal cross-linking (CXL) for keratoconus in pediatric patients. Materials and methods: After keratometric qualification according to the Amsler–Krumeich system, corneal collagen cross-linking was performed using ultraviolet light and photosensitizing riboflavin drops in 111 eyes of 74 children with a mean age of 15 ± 1.67 years. None of the children studied wore contact lenses before the procedure. Visual acuity, intraocular pressure, keratometry, and pachymetry parameters were analyzed before and after corneal cross-linking. Results: Visual acuity was 0.64 ± 0.31 and 0.66 ± 0.29 before CXL and at the end of the follow-up, respectively; the difference was not statistically significant. The mean intraocular pressure before CXL was 14.48 ± 3.13 mmHg, while the mean value at the end of the follow-up was 14.23 ± 3.03 mmHg; no statistically significant difference was found. Pre- and post-CXL astigmatism was 3.98 ± 2.34 Dcyl and 3.63 ± 1.86 Dcyl, respectively; the difference was not statistically significant. The mean keratometry before CXL was 47.99 ± 3.96 D; the mean post-follow-up value was 47.74 ± 3.63 D. The mean corneal thickness (pachymetry) at the apex of the keratoconus—the thinnest zone of the cornea—before CXL was 492.16 ± 38.75 µm, while the mean value at the end of the follow-up was 479.99 ± 39.71 µm; the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions: Corneal cross-linking is an effective method for preventing keratoconus progression in children. However, further and detailed ophthalmic follow-up of patients who underwent CXL before the age of 18 is highly advisable.
Ikaros Deletions among Bulgarian Patients with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia/Lymphoma
Authors: Lozenov Stefan , Tsoneva Yoanna , Nikolaev Georgi , Konakchieva Rossitza
Published: September 2024

The Ikaros zinc finger factor 1 is a transcription factor with a well-known role in B- and T-cell development. The deletions of IKZF1 have an established significance in acute lymphoblastic leukemia, while reports on its prevalence and prognostic significance among ALL subtypes and regions vary. Breakpoint-specific qPCR is a practical method for testing of the most frequent types of IKZF1 deletions, considering there is clustering of the deletion events. The most commonly reported deletions are Δ4–7, Δ4–8, Δ2–7, and Δ2–8, with deletion Δ4–7 being the most common one. We retrospectively administered a breakpoint-specific qPCR design for screening for the most frequent types of IKZF1 deletions to 78 ALL patients that were diagnosed and treated between 2010 and 2022. We observed the products through gel electrophoresis, and we conducted descriptive statistics, EFS, and OS analyses. Our study found 19 patients with IKZF1 deletions, with two subjects manifesting more than one deletion. The prevalence in the different subgroups was as follows: Ph/+/ B-ALL 46%, Ph/−/ B-ALL 30%, T-ALL/LBL 4%. There was a statistically significant difference in EFS of 39 vs. 0% in favor of patients without deletions (p = 0.000), which translated to a difference in OS of 49 vs. 0% (p = 0.001). This difference was preserved in the subgroup of Ph/−/ B-ALL, while there was no significant difference in the Ph/+/ B-ALL. The most frequently observed type of deletion (15 out of 19) was the Δ4–7. There is a strong negative prognostic impact of the IKZF1 deletions at diagnosis in the observed population. IKZF1 deletion testing through breakpoint-specific qPCR is a practical approach in diagnostic testing for this risk factor. IKZF1 deletions may warrant treatment decisions and intensified treatment strategies to overcome the negative prognostic impact.
Current Endodontic Practices among Romanian Dental Practitioners: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Diaconu Cezar Tiberiu , Gheorghiță Lelia Mihaela , Diaconu Anca Elena , Țuculină Mihaela Jana , Gliga Alexandru , Gaeta Carlo , Grandini Simone , Marinescu Iulia Roxana , Amărăscu Marina Olimpia , Diaconu Oana Andreea
Published: September 2024

Root canal therapy (RCT) is usually performed in Romania by general dentists (GDPs) because they are more readily available and more reasonably priced than endodontists. Concerns have been raised about the quality of RCTs performed by GDPs, possibly due to insufficient equipment or knowledge; therefore, this study aims to investigate current endodontic practices in Romania. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted via a questionnaire distributed to 400 randomly selected Romanian dentists, with 285 fully validated completed responses (71.25% response rate). Respondents were grouped by speciality, and statistical analysis, including cross-tabulation and the χ2 (chi-square) test, was used, with a significance level set at p ≤ 0.05 for all tests. Results: Significant differences were found in the use of magnification, rubber dam, sodium hypochlorite concentration, and bioceramics (p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in preferences for measuring working length (p = 0.166) or rotary instrument motion (p = 0.289). Approximately 6% of the respondents used laser technology with no significant difference across specialities (p = 0.571). Additionally, 77.9% preferred using sodium hypochlorite, with no significant difference between groups (p = 0.006) regarding concentration. Conclusions: Most participants, including GDPs, use modern equipment and techniques during RCT, indicating their awareness and competence in current endodontic practices.
Using YOLOv5, SAHI, and GIS with Drone Mapping to Detect Giant Clams on the Great Barrier Reef
Authors: Decitre Olivier , Joyce Karen E.
Published: September 2024

Despite the ecological importance of giant clams (Tridacninae), their effective management and conservation is challenging due to their widespread distribution and labour-intensive monitoring methods. In this study, we present an alternative approach to detecting and mapping clam density at Pioneer Bay on Goolboddi (Orpheus) Island on the Great Barrier Reef using drone data with a combination of deep learning tools and a geographic information system (GIS). We trained and evaluated 11 models using YOLOv5 (You Only Look Once, version 5) with varying numbers of input image tiles and augmentations (mean average precision—mAP: 63–83%). We incorporated the Slicing Aided Hyper Inference (SAHI) library to detect clams across orthomosaics, eliminating duplicate counts of clams straddling multiple tiles, and further, applied our models in three other geographic locations on the Great Barrier Reef, demonstrating transferability. Finally, by linking detections with their original geographic coordinates, we illustrate the workflow required to quantify animal densities, mapping up to seven clams per square meter in Pioneer Bay. Our workflow brings together several otherwise disparate steps to create an end-to-end approach for detecting and mapping animals with aerial drones. This provides ecologists and conservationists with actionable and clear quantitative and visual insights from drone mapping data.
The Adiabatic Evolution of 3D Annular Vortices with a Double-Eyewall Structure
Authors: Williams Gabriel J.
Published: September 2024

Tropical cyclones (TCs) can be characterized as a 3D annular structure of elevated potential vorticity (PV). However, strong mature TCs often develop a secondary eyewall, leading to a 3D annular vortex with a double-eyewall structure. Using 2D linear stability analysis, it is shown that three types of barotropic instability (BI) are present for annular vortices with a double-eyewall structure: Type-1 BI across the secondary eyewall, Type-2 BI across the moat of the vortex, and Type-3 BI across the primary eyewall. The overall stability of these vortices (and the type of BI that develops) depends principally upon five vortex parameters: the thickness of the primary eyewall, the thickness of the secondary eyewall, the moat width, the vorticity ratio between the eye and the primary eyewall, and the vorticity ratio between the primary and secondary eyewall. The adiabatic evolution of 3D annular vortices with a double-eyewall structure is examined using a primitive equation model in normalized isobaric coordinates. It is shown that Type-2 BI is the most common type of BI for 3D annular vortices whose vortex parameters mimic TCs with a double-eyewall structure. During the onset of Type-2 BI, eddy kinetic energy budget analysis indicates that barotropic energy conversion from the mean azimuthal flow is the dominant energy source of the eddies, which produces a radial velocity field with a quadrupole structure. Absolute angular momentum budget analysis indicates that Type-2 BI generates azimuthally averaged radial outflow across the moat, and the eddies transport absolute angular momentum radially outward towards the secondary eyewall. The combination of these processes leads to the dissipation of the primary eyewall and the maintenance of the secondary eyewall for the vortex.
Introduction to the Special Issue on Wars and Disasters: Advancing Care during Times of Crisis
Authors: Cancio Leopoldo C.
Published: September 2024

Civilian mass-casualty disasters and armed conflict share many features, including the fact that both maximally challenge multidisciplinary burn teams. Rigorous training is required to build teams and systems that can respond effectively. One of the critical but potentially overlooked components of readiness for crisis care is a robust clinical research program. Rather than stalling progress, disasters and conflict over the last 100 years consistently energized advances in care. This was made possible by the hard work of our predecessors to learn from the crisis in the midst of the crisis, and resulted in significant reductions in postburn mortality. Now, further work is needed not only to maintain these improvements in mortality, but also to understand the long-term functional outcomes and to improve the quality of life of burn survivors. Clinical research programs to address these issues must be established now, so that we are optimally prepared for the next conflict or disaster.
Bibliometric Insights into Terrestrial Laser Scanning for Forest Biomass Estimation
Authors: Compeán-Aguirre Jorge Luis , López-Serrano Pablito Marcelo
Published: September 2024

Effective forest management and conservation are increasingly critical in addressing the challenges posed by climate change. Advances in remote sensing technologies, such as terrestrial laser scanning, offer promising tools for more accurate assessments in forestry research. This study explores the application of TLS in biomass estimation by conducting a bibliometric analysis of scientific articles indexed in Scopus and the Web of Science. By examining the literature from 2010 to 2024, the study identifies key trends, knowledge gaps, and emerging research opportunities, as well as practical applications in forest management and conservation. The analysis reveals a significant rise in scientific output on TLS, with an average annual growth rate of 8.16%. The most cited works address biomass estimation at the individual tree level using laser scanning data. China and the United States lead in the publication volume with 11 articles. The collaboration network highlights research disparities among regions such as Latin America. Overall, TLS has proven effective for the non-destructive measurement of forest variables and biomass.
Designing and Situating Text to Promote Textual Dexterity in the Context of Project-Based Science Instruction
Authors: Fitzgerald Miranda S. , Palincsar Annemarie Sullivan
Published: September 2024

In this conceptual paper, we present a discussion of how we have embraced two challenges, posed by Aukerman and Schuldt, in their call for a more socially just science of reading, to which this special issue is responsive. Specifically, we share lessons learned from years of designing texts that (a) advance knowledge-building in the context of project-based science teaching and (b) advance readers’ textual dexterity. Our research is conducted in the context of project-based learning in science, and we approach our inquiry from multiple theoretical perspectives. We argue for the importance of text in science instruction. We present theories, empirical support, and national standards consistent with the integration of text in science. We discuss the role that texts can play in project-based science instruction. We also illustrate the design and optimization of texts and tasks, as well as the role of the teacher in this instruction.
Unveiling Classroom Assessment Literacy: Does Teachers’ Self-Directed Development Play Out?
Authors: Gan Ling , Lam Ricky
Published: September 2024

Ideally, teachers’ classroom assessment literacy can be developed through in-service teacher education or assessment training from institutions. Yet in reality, teachers may not gain sufficient assessment training on the job or from institutionalised training programmes. This contextual disadvantage cannot explain teacher inertia in advancing their professional knowledge and their skills in classroom-based assessment. Instead, teachers are encouraged to proactively rely on themselves to enhance their CAL amid their tried-and-tested assessment practices. The current qualitative case study explores how a university English teacher directed herself to develop CAL in her assessment practices over time. Data were collected through narrative frames, interviews with the teacher and her students, classroom observations, and documents. This study shows that self-directed CAL development may be buttressed by the teacher’s prior assessment experiences. The teacher’s self-agency and reflections further empowered her to acquire the assessment knowledge, skills, and experience in improving assessment effectiveness. The implications for enhancing self-directed professional development in assessment are also discussed.
‘If You Do Not Write, You Dry Up’: Tensions in Teacher Educator Research and Academic Writing
Authors: Aharonian Nikki , Schatz Oppenheimer Orna
Published: September 2024

Teacher educators struggle to balance heavy teaching loads, research, writing, and institutional service. This qualitative study uses institutional ethnography to question how college leadership understand the significance of academic scholarship in the professional lives of college-based teacher educators in Israel. Data from interviews with eight college position holders shed light on the working lives of college-based teacher educators and how they are positioned as researcher-writers in an institution where scholarship expectations are blurry. Findings reveal three themes: the importance of academic activity for institutional prosperity, the difficulties in academic scholarship experienced by teacher educators, and the support the institution provides to encourage and maintain academic activity. The discussion contemplates the tensions between institutional and individual teacher educator advancement. The complexity of the institutional structure deserves attention to achieve institutional aims and attend to individual faculty’s professional needs and desires. The implications of this study are significant for leadership in teacher education and higher education around the world, prompting leaders to rethink ways of supporting faculty involved in research and writing alongside teaching and additional roles. Balancing conflicting roles, providing clear expectations, and maintaining an ongoing dialogue between teacher educators and leadership regarding professional development needs can lead to institutional prosperity alongside individual professional advancement.
RETRACTED: Huamanchahua et al. Kinematic of the Position and Orientation Synchronization of the Posture of a n DoF Upper-Limb Exoskeleton with a Virtual Object in an Immersive Virtual Reality Environment. Electronics 2021, 10, 1069
Authors: Huamanchahua Deyby , Vargas-Martinez Adriana , Ramirez-Mendoza Ricardo
Published: September 2024

The journal is retracting the article, “Kinematic of the Position and Orientation Synchronization of the Posture of a n DoF Upper-Limb Exoskeleton with a Virtual Object in an Immersive Virtual Reality Environment” [...]
PAL-YOLOv8: A Lightweight Algorithm for Insulator Defect Detection
Authors: Zhang Du , Cao Kerang , Han Kai , Kim Changsu , Jung Hoekyung
Published: September 2024

To address the challenges of high model complexity and low accuracy in detecting small targets in insulator defect detection using UAV aerial imagery, we propose a lightweight algorithm, PAL-YOLOv8. Firstly, the baseline model, YOLOv8n, is enhanced by incorporating the PKI Block from PKINet to improve the C2f module, effectively reducing the model complexity and enhancing feature extraction capabilities. Secondly, Adown from YOLOv9 is employed in the backbone and neck for downsampling, which retains more feature information while reducing the feature map size, thus improving the detection accuracy. Additionally, Focaler-SIoU is used as the bounding-box regression loss function to improve model performance by focusing on different regression samples. Finally, pruning is applied to the improved model to further reduce its size. The experimental results show that PAL-YOLOv8 achieves an mAP50 of 95.0%, which represents increases of 5.5% and 2.6% over YOLOv8n and YOLOv9t, respectively. Furthermore, GFLOPs is only 3.9, the model size is just 2.7 MB, and the parameter count is only 1.24 × 106.
A Scalable Multi-FPGA Platform for Hybrid Intelligent Optimization Algorithms
Authors: Zhao Yu , Zhao Chun , Zhao Liangtian
Published: September 2024

The Intelligent Optimization Algorithm (IOA) is widely focused due to its ability to search for approximate solutions to the NP-Hard problem. To enhance applicability to practical scenarios and leverage advantages from diverse intelligent optimization algorithms, the Hybrid Intelligent Optimization Algorithm (H-IOA) is employed. However, IOA typically requires numerous iterations and substantial computing resources, resulting in poor execution efficiency. In complex optimization scenarios, IOA traditionally relies on population partitioning and periodic communication, highlighting the feasibility and necessity of parallelization. To address the challenges above, this paper proposes a general hardware design approach for H-IOA based on multi-FPGA. The approach includes the hardware architecture of multi-FPGA, inter-board communication protocols, population storage strategies, complex hardware functions, and parallelization methodologies, which enhance the computing capabilities of H-IOA. To validate the proposed approach, a case study is conducted, in which an H-IOA integrating genetic algorithm (GA), a simulated annealing algorithm (SA), and a pigeon-inspired optimization algorithm (PIO) are implemented on a multi-FPGA platform. Specifically, the flexible job-shop scheduling problem (FJSP) is employed to verify the potential in industrial applications. Two Xilinx XC6SLX16 FPGA chips are used for hardware implementation, encoded in VHDL, and an AMD Ryzen 7 5800U was used for the software implementation of Python programs (version 3.12.4). The results indicate that hardware implementation is 13.4 times faster than software, which illustrates that the proposed approach effectively improves the execution performance of H-IOA.
Research on Aerodynamic Performance of Asynchronous-Hybrid Dual-Rotor Vertical-Axis Wind Turbines
Authors: Zhang Wendong , Cao Yang , Qian Zhong , Wang Jian , Zhu Yixian , Yang Yanan , Wang Yujie , Wu Guoqing
Published: September 2024

This study analyzes the performance degradation of traditional hybrid wind turbines under high blade-tip-speed ratio conditions and proposes solutions through two-dimensional Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations. It also introduces the design of two innovative asynchronous-hybrid dual-rotor wind turbines. The results indicate a remarkable 98.5% enhancement in torque performance at low blade-tip-speed ratios with the hybrid wind turbine model. However, as the blade-tip-speed ratio increases, it leads to negative torque generation within the inner rotor of the conventional design, resulting in a reduction of the power coefficient by up to 13.1%. The introduction of the new wind turbine design addresses this challenge by eliminating negative torque at high blade-tip-speed ratios through adjustments in the inner rotor’s operating range. This modification not only rectifies the negative torque issue but also enhances the performance of the outer rotor in the leeward region, consequently boosting the overall power coefficient. Moreover, the optimized inner rotor configuration effectively disrupts and shortens the wake length by 16.7%, with this effect intensifying as the rotational speed increases. This optimization is pivotal for enhancing the efficiency of multi-machine operations within wind farms.
Positive Energy Districts: Fundamentals, Assessment Methodologies, Modeling and Research Gaps
Authors: Kozlowska Anna , Guarino Francesco , Volpe Rosaria , Bisello Adriano , Gabaldòn Andrea , Rezaei Abolfazl , Albert-Seifried Vicky , Alpagut Beril , Vandevyvere Han , Reda Francesco , Tumminia Giovanni , Ranjbar Saeed , Rincione Roberta , Cellura Salvatore , Eicker Ursula , Zamini Shokufeh , Balsategui Sergio Diaz de Garayo , Haase Matthias , Di Pilla Lorenza
Published: September 2024

The definition, characterization and implementation of Positive Energy Districts is crucial in the path towards urban decarbonization and energy transition. However, several issues still must be addressed: the need for a clear and comprehensive definition, and the settlement of a consistent design approach for Positive Energy Districts. As emerged throughout the workshop held during the fourth edition of Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions Conference (SSPCR 2022) in Bolzano (Italy), further critical points are also linked to the planning, modeling and assessment steps, besides sustainability aspects and stakeholders’ involvement. The “World Café” methodology adopted during the workshop allowed for simple—but also effective and flexible—group discussions focused on the detection of key PED characteristics, such as morphologic, socio-economic, demographic, technological, quality-of-life and feasibility factors. Four main work groups were defined in order to allow them to share, compare and discuss around five main PED-related topics: energy efficiency, energy flexibility, e-mobility, soft mobility, and low-carbon generation. Indeed, to properly deal with PED challenges and crucial aspects, it is necessary to combine and balance these technologies with enabler factors like financing instruments, social innovation and involvement, innovative governance and far-sighted policies. This paper proposes, in a structured form, the main outcomes of the co-creation approach developed during the workshop. The importance of implementing a holistic approach was highlighted: it requires a systematic and consistent integration of economic, environmental and social aspects directly connected to an interdisciplinary cross-sectorial collaboration between researchers, policymakers, industries, municipalities, and citizens. Furthermore, it was reaffirmed that, to make informed and reasoned decisions throughout an effective PED design and planning process, social, ecological, and cultural factors (besides merely technical aspects) play a crucial role. Thanks to the valuable insights and recommendations gathered from the workshop participants, a conscious awareness of key issues in PED design and implementation emerged, and the fundamental role of stakeholders in the PED development path was confirmed.
Adiponectin and Leptin during Pregnancy: A Systematic Review of Their Association with Pregnancy Disorders, Fetal Growth and Placental Function
Authors: Downs Taylor , da Silva Costa Fabricio , de Freitas Paganoti Cristiane , Holland Olivia J. , Hryciw Deanne H.
Published: September 2024

During pregnancy, the adipokines leptin and adiponectin can affect placental nutrient transport and inflammatory pathways, potentially leading to altered fetal growth and pregnancy complications including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and preeclampsia (PE). The aim of this systematic review is to gather and analyze research on maternal circulating leptin and adiponectin levels and their relationship to adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes. Additionally, it seeks to determine whether these hormones are linked to alterations in placental transporters and cell signaling pathways. PubMed and MEDLINE were systematically searched to include studies published between 2012 and 2022. All primary data studies reporting serum adiponectin and/or leptin, placental mRNA and protein levels of related transporters, and adverse birth outcomes were eligible. The current systematic review encompasses a total of 14 articles. Abnormal serum maternal leptin and adiponectin levels were associated with changes in fetal growth and placental cellular signaling and nutrient transporters. A majority of studies associated elevated maternal leptin and reduced adiponectin with fetal overgrowth, although this relationship was not consistent and may be complicated when other pathologies are present. The effects of maternal leptin and adiponectin on fetal growth may be driven by placental adaptation in nutrient transporters and mitochondria. Future studies should determine if the placental effects of leptin and adiponectin that have been found in models have mechanistic roles in human pregnancy.
Silent Eminence in Forests: Re-Discovering Wood-Decay Fungi
Authors: Girometta Carolina Elena , Angeles Flores Giancarlo
Published: September 2024

The Special Issue is devoted to the diversity, abundance, and distribution of wood-decay fungi, which historically have sparked little attention in both scholars and amateurs, despite the refinement of cultivation techniques and valorization of medicinal species over the course of several centuries, especially in Eastern Asia [...]
The Future Possible Distribution of Kasnak Oak (Quercus vulcanica Boiss. & Heldr. ex Kotschy) in Anatolia under Climate Change Scenarios
Authors: Özcan Ali Uğur , Gülçin Derya , Tuttu Gamze , Velázquez Javier , Ayan Sezgin , Stephan Jean , Tuttu Uğur , Varlı Ahmet , Çiçek Kerim
Published: September 2024

The deterioration of natural habitats for oak species has steadily occurred as a consequence of both climate change and human pressure. Therefore, detailed and reliable information about the geographic distribution of oak species under changing climate conditions is needed for diverse ecological and conservation practices. This study examined the habitat suitability of endemic Kasnak oak, Quercus vulcanica Boiss. & Heldr. ex Kotschy, an endemic that ranges across the Central Anatolia Region and surrounding mountains in Türkiye. The occurrence data were gathered through fieldwork, and new records were identified. Next, we applied ecological niche modeling to assess the past, present-day, and future potential geographic range of the species in Anatolia. Projections for the Last Glacial Maximum indicate that most of the suitable areas for Kasnak oak were in southern Anatolia. However, present-day estimates suggest projections estimate suitable habitats in northern Anatolia and around the Anatolian Diagonal. According to future projections, the distribution of the species seems to decrease by 2100, with habitat suitability reduction ranging from 3.27% to 7.88%. Projections suggest a decrease in habitat suitability for the species, particularly in the western and southern Türkiye in the future. Moreover, the projections indicated that suitable habitats for the northern range of the species would likely persist until 2100, although they would diminish towards the northeast. The results can be effectively applied to enhance biodiversity conservation planning and management, leading to the development of innovative strategies.
Growth Simulation of Lyophyllum decastes and Coprinus comatus and Their Influencing Factors in a Forested Catchment
Authors: Huang Guozhu , Zang Fei , Zhao Chuanyan , Wang Hong , Xi Yali
Published: September 2024

Wild edible mushrooms are an important food source globally and have a crucial role in forest ecosystems. However, there is limited research on the growth characteristics and the contribution of agronomic traits to biomass, and the environmental factors affecting mushroom growth are limited. This study was conducted in the Qilian Mountains, China, and focused on investigating the growth patterns and agronomic traits of Lyophyllum decastes and Coprinus comatus. The results revealed that the growth of these mushrooms followed a logical growth curve. By calculating the model parameters, we obtained the maximum daily growth of height (PH), pileus diameter (PD), and cluster perimeter (CP) of L. decastes on the 5th, 7th, and 7th days, respectively, with values of 0.55 cm d−1, 0.54 cm d−1, and 4.54 cm d−1, respectively. However, the maximum daily growth of PH, pileus length (PL), and PD of the C. comatus appeared on the 3rd day, 2nd day, and 2nd day of the observation, respectively. This study identified near-surface relative humidity, air relative humidity, and rainfall as the primary factors influencing mushroom growth, as indicated by Pearson’s correlation analysis, redundancy analysis (RDA), and multiple linear and stepwise regression. Additionally, land surface temperature and air temperature were also identified as important factors affecting mushroom growth. By utilizing random forest and stepwise regression analysis, this study identified PH and stipe diameter (SD) as the most crucial agronomic traits affecting mushroom biomass. Overall, this study offers insights for industrial mushroom cultivation and basic fungal research.
Dairy Fermentation 2.0
Authors: Bintsis Thomas
Published: September 2024

The manufacture of fermented dairy products has a long history, and such products are produced globally, following artisanal or industrial fermentation processes, satisfying consumers’ need for healthy, nutritious, delicious and safe foods [...]