bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Lei brasileira de inclusão da pessoa com deficiência: modificações no código civil e conquistas sociais
Authors: Gadelha Hugo Sarmento , Castro Filho Hiran Mendes , Almeida Rosana Santos de , Maciel Jonatas Claudio Farias , Medeiros Raquel Formiga de , Santos Suzana Araújo dos , Maia Adryele Gomes , Marques Agílio Tomaz
Published: January 2022

A história das pessoas com deficiência no Brasil, assim como ocorreu com diversas civilizações no mundo, foi marcada por uma fase inicial de eliminação e de exclusão, deixando à margem da sociedade este segmento, percebido historicamente como pessoas incapazes ou doentes, dessa forma a presente pesquisa busca entender e interpretar as principais modificações realizadas no Código Civil de 2002 e as conquistas sociais da pessoa com deficiência com o advento da Lei Brasileira de Inclusão. Como método de abordagem, foi utilizado o dedutivo, pois a pesquisa parte da análise da Lei 13.146/2015 (Lei Brasileira de Inclusão); especificando pelas mudanças no Código Civil de 2002, principalmente no instituto das capacidades e incapacidades. Nas técnicas de pesquisa quanto ao procedimento, utilizou-se o método histórico, relataram-se os momentos marcantes na história da pessoa com deficiência e suas conquistas sociais. Além deste, foi aplicado o monográfico onde se estudou com certa profundidade as pessoas com deficiências. Como resultado percebe-se a importância das normas dispostas no ordenamento jurídico, permitindo que aconteça o amparo das demandas dessa parcela da sociedade. No Brasil a Lei 13.146/2015, Lei Brasileira de Inclusão, se constitui como marco na regulamentação dos direitos e garantias dessa população. Na análise das modificações do Código Civil, se observou que a teoria das capacidades e incapacidades foi alterada, visando o reconhecimento da pessoa com deficiência como capaz do exercício de direitos e deveres na ordem civil, que passam a ter capacidade para contrair matrimônio; participar de negócios e decidir sobre questões de seu interesse.
Funções gerenciais do enfermeiro no cotidiano em serviço de hemoterapia de um hospital universitário
Authors: Mendes Patrícia Aparecida Tavares , Matias Daniela de Oliveira , Laubert Bianca Cristina Marques Gindre , Guimarães Tamires Zêba , Mendes Priscila Aparecida Tavares , Aguiar Beatriz Gerbassi Costa
Published: January 2022

Objetivos: Conhecer como o Enfermeiro utiliza as funções de gerência no cotidiano em Serviço de Hemoterapia de um hospital Universitário. Método: Estudo descritivo, com uma abordagem qualitativa, tendo como cenário um Serviço de Hemoterapia de um Hospital Universitário da rede pública estadual. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de uma entrevista semiestruturada e optou-se por tratar os dados pela análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados: Após a transcrição e análise das entrevistas foi possível identificar quais são as funções gerenciais que enfermeiros diariamente executam para que as suas equipes possam realizar o atendimento aos pacientes em sua plenitude. Considerações Finais: os enfermeiros, onde ocorreu o presente estudo, atuam de forma a prover todo o apoio necessário para a correta consecução das atividades, atuando: na elaboração das escalas; na realização de treinamentos; na gestão dos insumos; na gestão dos possíveis conflitos; e na adoção de ações voltadas a motivar as equipes.
Prevalência de achados histopatológicos de mucosa esofágica e sua correlação com Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Souza Gabrielle Barbosa Vasconcelos de , Moura Elomar Rezende , Trindade Yasmin Tourinho Delmondes , Santana Neto Durval José de , Moreira Larissa Gonçalves , Carvalho Gabriel Ponciano Santos de , Barreto Íkaro Daniel de Carvalho , Silva Décio Fragata da , Meurer Luíse , Trindade Leda Maria Delmondes Freitas
Published: January 2022

Introdução: patologias esofágicas com alterações histopatológicas podem provocar sintomas dispépticos, dor retroesternal e epigástrica. Objetivos: identificar a prevalência de achados histopatológicos de mucosa esofágica e correlacionar com a bactéria Helicobacter pylori (HP). Metodologia: estudo transversal, retrospectivo, com 1.953 laudos histopatológicos de mucosa esofágica. Dados analisados por frequência absoluta e relativa percentual, testes Qui-Quadrado de Pearson, Mann-Whitney e Teste Qui-Quadrado com simulações de Monte-Carlo. Resultados: Analisaram-se 1953 laudos de lesões esofágicas: sexo feminino 982 (50,3%) e idade mediana 44. Identificou-se 151 (7,7%) laudos positivos para HP e destes, 41 (2,3%) tinham atrofia gástrica. A esofagite 1427 (73,1%), a metaplasia 548 (28,1%) e o esôfago de Barrett 133 (6,8%) foram mais prevalentes. Malignidade, 5 (0,3%) laudos. Dos portadores de HP: esofagite 97 (64,2%), esôfago de Barrett 17 (11,3%) e metaplasia 45 (29,8%) - metaplasia pancreática estatisticamente significativa (p<0,001). Dois (1,3%) laudos apresentaram malignidade associados à HP. Correlacionando HP com lesões esofágicas, observou-se tendência a determinar maior risco da presença da bactéria: esôfago de Barret (RR: 1,68 (IC95%: 1,05-2,69), hiperplasia epitelial (RR: 2,18 (IC95%: 1,18-4,02), acantose glicogênica (RR: 3,69 (IC95%: 2,08-6,54), pólipos (RR:  2,17 (IC95%: 1,14-4,16), malignidade (RR:  4,91 (IC95%: 1,66-14,52) e atrofia gástrica (RR:  3,44 (IC95%: 2,02-5,84). Conclusão: Esôfago de Barrett, hiperplasia epitelial, acantose glicogênica, pólipos, malignidade e atrofia gástrica estão associados a um maior risco da presença da bactéria.
Status social subjetivo em modalidades esportivas coletivas
Authors: Ferrari Elisa Pinheiro , Santos Silvana Carolina Fürstenau dos , Carvalho Leyla Régis de Meneses Carvalho Sousa , Souza Diego Soares , Souza Julianna Matos Mendes , Paulo Maria Bonfim Carlos de , Cardoso Fernando Luis
Published: January 2022

O status social subjetivo é a percepção de um indivíduo acerca da sua posição social nos mais diversos contextos de vida. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar o status social subjetivo entre atletas de modalidade esportivas coletivas. Participaram deste estudo 115 atletas do sexo masculino das seguintes modalidades: futebol, voleibol, handebol e basquetebol. A avaliação da percepção do status social subjetivo foi realizada por meio da escala MacArthur. Para analise dos dados foram utilizados os testes Qui-quadrado, Anova one way e Kolmogorov Smirnov. De acordo com os dados, pode-se observar que os atletas de futebol foram os que apresentaram os menores escores de status social subjetivo atual no clube (X: 4.9; ±2.0) e no contexto familiar (X: 7.0; ±2.0). Além disso, os atletas de futebol apresentam maiores prevalências de insatisfação (87.2%; n=42). Concluí-se que os atletas de futebol têm uma maior percepção de insatisfação com o status social subjetivo.
O atendimento interdisciplinar na Atenção Primária em Saúde - Revisão integrativa
Authors: Medeiros Patricia Cortez de , Melo Graziely Veríssimo de , Silva Artur Vinicius Lima e , Freitas Ruth Elisa de Lima , Moura Brunna Caroline Santos de , Costa Halanderson Cabral da , Silva Alyce Oliveira da , Coutinho Elton de Oliveira , Oliveira Jafia Andreza Gonçalves de , Andrade Carlos Henrique Souza , Silva Raylena de Andrade Catunda da , Santos Rianne Milenne de Lima Moares , Silva Rivaldo Alexsandro da , Azevedo Sheila Absalão
Published: January 2022

O desempenho dos profissionais de saúde em equipes interdisciplinares na atenção primária em saúde do Sistema único de Saúde ganhou destaque no Brasil, principalmente durante a pandemia do COVID-19, época em que a saúde pública no país entrou em colapso, e que houve a necessidade de um maior número de profissionais atuando na área. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o reflexo que a participação interdisciplinar possui na Atenção Primária (APS). Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados Scielo, Scopus, BVS, e no Google Acadêmico. Foram encontrados 285 artigos, dos quais, 44 apresentaram texto completo, sendo analisados seus resumos. Logo em seguida, 13 textos foram selecionados para análise.  Observou-se que nos artigos investigados o trabalho em equipe tem contribuído efetivamente na evolução dos pacientes, e viabilizou a organização da atenção em saúde em uma perspectiva de práticas clínicas ampliadas centralizadas no indivíduo, na família e comunidade.
Comportamiento epidemiológico de los casos de intoxicaciones por medicamentos en Colombia, 2008 - 2015
Authors: Gamarra Cuellar Jorge Alberto , Muñoz Guerrero María Nathalia , Díaz Criollo Sonia Mireya , Gómez Ortega Luis Carlos
Published: January 2022

Introducción: los medicamentos son las principales sustancias químicas involucradas en las intoxicaciones en nuestro país, con lo cual se configura un gran problema en salud pública debido al impacto generado en población pediátrica y en mujeres jóvenes.
Objetivos: identificar las características sociales y demográficas de la población colombiana intoxicada por medicamentos, medir el comportamiento de estas en el territorio colombiano, identificar el tipo de exposición y medir las muertes registradas durante los años 2008 a 2015, de acuerdo con la notificación realizada al Sistema de Vigilancia en Salud Pública (Sivigila).
Metodología: se llevó a cabo un estudio de tipo descriptivo retrospectivo, en el que se analizaron las variables de interés obtenidas de las bases de datos de casos registrados, calculando proporciones de datos nominales y tablas de frecuencias, así como análisis univariados y bivariados.
Resultados: dentro de los grupos de edad mayormente implicados en las intoxicaciones por medicamentos se encuentran los comprendidos entre los 15 a 24 años, además es considerable los casos que se presentan en menores de 10 años edad alcanzando el 11,5 %; las intoxicaciones predominan en las mujeres 41 183 casos (el 65,2 %), presentando un tipo de exposición intencional suicida con 38 464 casos (el 60,9 %).
Conclusiones: Las intoxicaciones con medicamentos se presentan principalmente en mujeres, de la misma manera, la principal forma de afectación en la población es de tipo intencional suicida con una mayor proporción de casos notificados en población con estado civil solteros.
Caracterización del estado de salud de los afectados por desbordamiento de afluentes hídricos en Mocoa, Putumayo. Colombia 2017
Authors: Morillo Gómez Andrea Paola , Aguirre Torres Alejandra Milena , Rodríguez Gutiérrez Lilian Andrea , Díaz Moreno Jorge Luis , Sáenz Duran Shirley , Walteros Acero Diana Marcela , Quijada Bonilla Hernán , Torres Prieto Alexander , Gonzales Duque John Jairo , Suárez Rangel Gloria , Prieto Alvarado Franklyn Edwin , Campo Carey Alfonso Rafael , Garzón Romero Flavio , Madero Javier Alberto , Tolosa Erica Natalia , López Pérez Martha Patricia
Published: January 2022

Introducción: durante la noche del 31 de marzo y la madrugada de abril 1 se presentó creciente súbita y desbordamiento de los ríos Mocoa, Mulato y Sangoyaco sobre la cabecera municipal de Mocoa, ocasionando avalancha, inundaciones, afectando la población, infraestructura y líneas vitales, lo que requirió alojamiento de damnificados en alojamientos temporales. Ante el riesgo de enfermedad se implementaron estrategias de vigilancia. El objetivo fue determinar características socio-demográficas de población albergada, establecer condiciones sanitarias de los albergues y determinar necesidades críticas de salud.
Métodos: estudio transversal de las familias afectadas, alojadas en albergues. Fueron realizadas dos encuestas: una para caracterización de las condiciones higiénico-sanitarias del albergue y otra de las condiciones de salud de las familias. Se aplicó la metodología de la Evaluación Comunitaria de Respuesta a Emergencias de Salud Pública (CASPER) de los CDC. Fueron calculadas medidas de frecuencia, tendencia central, dispersión y morbilidad sentida y auto-reportada.
Resultados: Fue encuestado el 92,6%(1.959) de los residentes de 13 alojamientos temporales de emergencia y un ancianato. El 54,1%(1.048) eran mujeres; 29,5%(571) menores de 15 años y 19,5%(378) indígenas. El 30,8 % de los albergues contaba con atención médica continua; el 92,3% tenían agua para el consumo humano (embotellada). El 27,5% presentó algún tipo de trastorno o síndrome: 11,7%(227) psicológico, 4,3%(83) febril y 4,1%(79) respiratorio, de predominancia en población de 15- 44 años 15,2%(295) y 95,3%(508) manifestada post-emergencia. El 6,2% de la población refirió morbilidad auto-reportada, siendo hipertensión la más reportada 1,5%(29).
Conclusiones: la incidencia de eventos post-desastre y la prevalencia de morbilidad auto-reportada permitió que los mecanismos de respuesta dieran atención oportuna a las necesidades de salud de esta población.
Brote de enfermedad transmitida por alimentos, en población privada de la libertad, Medellín, Colombia, septiembre de 2018
Authors: Santos B Martha , Fuertes Luis , Almanza Rita , Yepes Adiela , Montes Carlos , Gómez Bibiana , Montaño Angeline
Published: January 2022

Introducción: el 19 de septiembre de 2018, la Secretaría de Salud de Antioquia informó sobre personal privado de libertad, en su mayoría mujeres, con dolor abdominal, diarrea y vómito, entre de una y cuatro ho- ras de consumo de alimentos, que llevó a la conformación de un equipo de respuesta inmediata de salud pública. Objetivo: identificar el agente causal, el modo de transmisión, y fuente de propagación; establecer medidas de prevención y control. Materiales y métodos: estudio de brote de tipo casos y controles; se aplicaron 511 encuestas estructuradas a consumidores. Se analizó la información mediante estadística descriptiva. Se calcularon tasas de ata- que; se aplicó un modelo de regresión logística para las variables asociadas y se realizó inspección de saneamiento básico. Resultados: brote de ETA de fuente común por consumo de alimentos en la cena del 18 de septiembre de 2018; 203 (39,7 %) enfermos, mayor afectación en mujeres (95,5 %). Los alimentos con mayor diferencia en las tasas de ataque fueron: carne sudada (52,1 % - 13,4 %) sopa con verduras (58,8 % - 22,6 %). Los alimentos asociados fueron: carne sudada (OR=4,6; IC95 % 2,6 – 8,2) y sopa de verduras (OR=3,1 IC95 % 2,0 – 4,8). La sopa de verduras almacenada y distribuida en caneca plástica tuvo una diferencia significativa frente a otro medio de almacenamiento (OR=3,1;IC95 % 1,8 -5,1). Se identificaron factores de riesgo en: transporte, almacenamiento y distribución de los alimentos como tiempos prolongados, exposición a temperaturas inadecuadas y excesiva manipulación de los alimentos. Conclusiones: se configura un brote de ETA por fuente común en población privada de la libertad. La forma de distribución y almacenamiento de alimentos incrementó la probabilidad de ocurrencia del evento.
Comparative Analyses of Clearing Efficacies of Tissue Clearing Protocols by Using a Punching Assisted Clarity Analysis
Authors: Woo Jiwon , Lee Eunice Yoojin , Lee Mirae , Ku Seockmo , Park Jeong-Yoon , Cho Yong Eun
Published: January 2022

The advent of tissue clearing methods, in conjunction with novel high-resolution imaging techniques, has enabled the visualization of three-dimensional structures with unprecedented depth and detail. Although a variety of clearing protocols have been developed, little has been done to quantify their efficacies in a systematic, reproducible fashion. Here, we present two simple assays, Punching-Assisted Clarity Analysis (PACA)-Light and PACA-Glow, which use easily accessible spectroscopy and gel documentation systems to quantify the transparency of multiple cleared tissues simultaneously. We demonstrate the use of PACA-Light and PACA-Glow to compare twenty-eight tissue clearing protocols on rodent brains. We also show that regional differences exist in tissue transparency in the rodent brain, with cerebellar tissue consistently achieving lower clearing levels compared to the prefrontal or cerebral cortex across all protocols. This represents the largest comparative study of tissue clearing protocols to date, made possible by the high-throughput nature of our PACA platforms.
Fibronectin Adherent Cell Populations Derived From Avascular and Vascular Regions of the Meniscus Have Enhanced Clonogenicity and Differentiation Potential Under Physioxia
Authors: Pattappa Girish , Reischl Franziska , Jahns Judith , Schewior Ruth , Lang Siegmund , Zellner Johannes , Johnstone Brian , Docheva Denitsa , Angele Peter
Published: January 2022

The meniscus is composed of an avascular inner region and vascular outer region. The vascular region has been shown to contain a progenitor population with multilineage differentiation capacity. Strategies facilitating the isolation and propagation of these progenitors can be used to develop cell-based meniscal therapies. Differential adhesion to fibronectin has been used to isolate progenitor populations from cartilage, while low oxygen or physioxia (2% oxygen) enhances the meniscal phenotype. This study aimed to isolate progenitor populations from the avascular and vascular meniscus using differential fibronectin adherence and examine their clonogenicity and differentiation potential under hyperoxia (20% oxygen) and physioxia (2% oxygen). Human vascular and avascular meniscus cells were seeded onto fibronectin-coated dishes for a short period and monitored for colony formation under either hyperoxia or physioxia. Non-fibronectin adherent meniscus cells were also expanded under both oxygen tension. Individual fibronectin adherent colonies were isolated and further expanded, until approximately ten population doublings (passage 3), whereby they underwent chondrogenic, osteogenic, and adipogenic differentiation. Physioxia enhances clonogenicity of vascular and avascular meniscus cells on plastic or fibronectin-coated plates. Combined differential fibronectin adhesion and physioxia isolated a progenitor population from both meniscus regions with trilineage differentiation potential compared to equivalent hyperoxia progenitors. Physioxia isolated progenitors had a significantly enhanced meniscus matrix content without the presence of collagen X. These results demonstrate that combined physioxia and fibronectin adherence can isolate and propagate a meniscus progenitor population that can potentially be used to treat meniscal tears or defects.
One-Step Generation and Purification of Cell-Encapsulated Hydrogel Microsphere With an Easily Assembled Microfluidic Device
Authors: Zhang Tao , Zhang Hong , Zhou Wuping , Jiang Keming , Liu Cong , Wang Ru , Zhou Yuanshuai , Zhang Zhiqiang , Mei Qian , Dong Wen-Fei , Sun Minxuan , Li Haiwen
Published: January 2022

Cell-laden hydrogel microspheres with uniform size show great potential for tissue repair and drug screening applications. Droplet microfluidic systems have been widely used for the generation of cell-laden hydrogel microspheres. However, existing droplet microfluidic systems are mostly based on complex chips and are not compatible with well culture plates. Moreover, microspheres produced by droplet microfluidics need demulsification and purification from oil, which requires time and effort and may compromise cell viability. Herein, we present a simple one-step approach for producing and purifying hydrogel microspheres with an easily assembled microfluidic device. Droplets were generated and solidified in the device tubing. The obtained hydrogel microspheres were then transferred to a tissue culture plate filled with cell culture media and demulsified through evaporation of the oil at 37°C. The removal of oil caused the gelled microspheres to be released into the cell culture media. The encapsulated cells demonstrated good viability and grew into tumor spheroids in 12–14 days. Single cell-laden hydrogel microspheres were also obtained and grown into spheroid in 14 days. This one-step microsphere generation method shows good potential for applications in automated spheroid and organoid cultures as well as drug screening, and could potentially offer benefits for translation of cell/microgel technologies.
Metabolic and Evolutionary Engineering of Diploid Yeast for the Production of First- and Second-Generation Ethanol
Authors: Sun Yang , Kong Meilin , Li Xiaowei , Li Qi , Xue Qian , Hou Junyan , Jia Zefang , Lei Zhipeng , Xiao Wei , Shi Shuobo , Cao Limin
Published: January 2022

Despite a growing preference for second-generation (2G) ethanol in industries, its application is severely restricted owing to a major obstacle of developing a suitable yeast strain for fermentation using feedstock biomasses. In this study, a yeast strain, Saccharomyces cerevisiae A31Z, for 2G bioethanol production was developed from an industrial strain, Angel, using metabolic engineering by the incorporation of gene clusters involved in the xylose metabolism combined with adaptive evolution for evolving its anti-inhibitory properties. This strain outcompeted its ancestors in xylose utilization and subsequent ethanol production and manifested higher tolerance against common inhibitors from lignocellulosic hydrolysates, and also it lowered the production of glycerol by-product. Furthermore, A31Z outperformed in ethanol production using industrial hydrolysate from dried distillers grains with solubles and whole corn. Overall, this study provided a promising path for improving 2G bioethanol production in industries using S. cerevisiae.
A Global Survey of Infection Control and Mitigation Measures for Combating the Transmission of COVID-19 Pandemic in Buildings Under Facilities Management Services
Authors: Sarvari Hadi , Chen Zhen , Chan Daniel W. M. , Lester Ellyn A. , Yahaya Nordin , Nassereddine Hala , Lotfata Aynaz
Published: January 2022

Facilities management along with health care are two important aspects in controlling the spread of infectious diseases with regard to controlling the outbreak of global COVID-19 pandemic. Hence, with the increasing outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of examining the relationship between the built environment and the outbreak of infectious diseases has become more significant. The aim of the research described in this article is to develop effective infection control and mitigation measures to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 pandemic in the built environment. This study seeks to answer the question of how the facilities management industry can help reduce the transmission of coronavirus. For this purpose, an online survey questionnaire was distributed internationally from 8 April to 25 July, 2020 to collect data from various key stakeholders. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software. Various methods for the prevention and control of infectious diseases transmission are evaluated through this questionnaire-based survey with regard to their effectiveness for the healthy and safe built environment. These methods were categorized into three groups, including training protocols, operation and maintenance, and design and construction. The results show that all suggested methods have a positive effect on all types of buildings. These methods have an equal effect on low-risk buildings, while for high and very high-risk buildings, training protocols and design and construction measures have the greatest impact. In addition, training protocols and the measures in operation and maintenance will have the greatest effect on medium-risk buildings. The results can help in more rational decision making in relation to controlling the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic in all types of buildings.
Evolution of CDK1 Paralog Specializations in a Lineage With Fast Developing Planktonic Embryos
Authors: Ma Xiaofei , Øvrebø Jan Inge , Thompson Eric M.
Published: January 2022

The active site of the essential CDK1 kinase is generated by core structural elements, among which the PSTAIRE motif in the critical αC-helix, is universally conserved in the single CDK1 ortholog of all metazoans. We report serial CDK1 duplications in the chordate, Oikopleura. Paralog diversifications in the PSTAIRE, activation loop substrate binding platform, ATP entrance site, hinge region, and main Cyclin binding interface, have undergone positive selection to subdivide ancestral CDK1 functions along the S-M phase cell cycle axis. Apparent coevolution of an exclusive CDK1d:Cyclin Ba/b pairing is required for oogenic meiosis and early embryogenesis, a period during which, unusually, CDK1d, rather than Cyclin Ba/b levels, oscillate, to drive very rapid cell cycles. Strikingly, the modified PSTAIRE of odCDK1d shows convergence over great evolutionary distance with plant CDKB, and in both cases, these variants exhibit increased specialization to M-phase.
Dysregulation of the Intestinal Microbiome in Patients With Haploinsufficiency of A20
Authors: Toyofuku Etsushi , Takeshita Kozue , Ohnishi Hidenori , Kiridoshi Yuko , Masuoka Hiroaki , Kadowaki Tomonori , Nishikomori Ryuta , Nishimura Kenichi , Kobayashi Chie , Ebato Takasuke , Shigemura Tomonari , Inoue Yuzaburo , Suda Wataru , Hattori Masahira , Morio Tomohiro , Honda Kenya , Kanegane Hirokazu
Published: January 2022

Introduction

Haploinsufficiency of A20 (HA20) is a form of inborn errors of immunity (IEI). IEIs are genetically occurring diseases, some of which cause intestinal dysbiosis. Due to the dysregulation of regulatory T cells (Tregs) observed in patients with HA20, gut dysbiosis was associated with Tregs in intestinal lamina propria.

Methods

Stool samples were obtained from 16 patients with HA20 and 15 of their family members. Infant samples and/or samples with recent antibiotics use were excluded; hence, 26 samples from 13 patients and 13 family members were analyzed. The 16S sequencing process was conducted to assess the microbial composition of samples. Combined with clinical information, the relationship between the microbiome and the disease activity was statistically analyzed.

Results

The composition of gut microbiota in patients with HA20 was disturbed compared with that in healthy family members. Age, disease severity, and use of immunosuppressants corresponded to dysbiosis. However, other explanatory factors, such as abdominal symptoms and probiotic treatment, were not associated. The overall composition at the phylum level was stable, but some genera were significantly increased or decreased. Furthermore, among the seven operational taxonomic units (OTUs) that increased, two OTUs, Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus salivarius, considerably increased in patients with autoantibodies than those without autoantibodies.

Discussion

Detailed interaction on intestinal epithelium remains unknown; the relationship between the disease and stool composition change helps us understand the mechanism of an immunological reaction to microorganisms.
Plasmodium falciparum Parasite Lines Expressing DC8 and Group A PfEMP1 Bind to Brain, Intestinal, and Kidney Endothelial Cells
Authors: Ortolan Luana S. , Avril Marion , Xue Jun , Seydel Karl B. , Zheng Ying , Smith Joseph D.
Published: January 2022

Cytoadhesion of Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells is a virulence determinant associated with microvascular obstruction and organ complications. The gastrointestinal tract is a major site of sequestration in fatal cerebral malaria cases and kidney complications are common in severe malaria, but parasite interactions with these microvascular sites are poorly characterized. To study parasite tropism for different microvascular sites, we investigated binding of parasite lines to primary human microvascular endothelial cells from intestine (HIMEC) and peritubular kidney (HKMEC) sites. Of the three major host receptors for P. falciparum, CD36 had low or negligible expression; endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR) had the broadest constitutive expression; and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) was weakly expressed on resting cells and was strongly upregulated by TNF-α on primary endothelial cells from the brain, intestine, and peritubular kidney sites. By studying parasite lines expressing var genes linked to severe malaria, we provide evidence that both the DC8 and Group A EPCR-binding subsets of the P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) family encodes binding affinity for brain, intestinal, and peritubular kidney endothelial cells, and that DC8 parasite adhesion was partially dependent on EPCR. Collectively, these findings raise the possibility of a brain-gut-kidney binding axis contributing to multi-organ complications in severe malaria.
The Impact of Accumulated Mutations in SARS-CoV-2 Variants on the qPCR Detection Efficiency
Authors: Cao Liu , Xu Tiefeng , Liu Xue , Ji Yanxi , Huang Siyao , Peng Hong , Li Chunmei , Guo Deyin
Published: January 2022

SARS-CoV-2 is evolving with mutations throughout the genome all the time and a number of major variants emerged, including several variants of concern (VOC), such as Delta and Omicron variants. In this study, we demonstrated that mutations in the regions corresponding to the sequences of the probes and 3’-end of primers have a significant impact on qPCR detection efficiency. We also found that the G28916T mutation of the N gene accounts for 78.78% sequenced genomes of Delta variant. It was found that detection sensitivity of G28916T mutant was 2.35 and 1.74 times less than that of the wt sequence and detection limit was reduced from 1 copy/μl to 10 copies/μl for the commercially available CP3 and CP4 primer/probe sets. These results indicate that the detection probes and primers should be optimized to keep maximal detection efficiency in response to the emergence of new variants.
Using Proteomic Approaches to Unravel the Response of Ctenocephalides felis felis to Blood Feeding and Infection With Bartonella henselae
Authors: André Marcos Rogério , Neupane Pradeep , Lappin Michael , Herrin Brian , Smith Vicki , Williams Taufika Islam , Collins Leonard , Bai Hongxia , Jorge Gabriel Lemes , Balbuena Tiago Santana , Bradley Julie , Maggi Ricardo G. , Breitschwerdt Edward B.
Published: January 2022

Among the Ctenocephalides felis felis-borne pathogens, Bartonella henselae, the main aetiological agent of cat scratch disease (CSD), is of increasing comparative biomedical importance. Despite the importance of B. henselae as an emergent pathogen, prevention of the diseases caused by this agent in cats, dogs and humans mostly relies on the use of ectoparasiticides. A vaccine targeting both flea fitness and pathogen competence is an attractive choice requiring the identification of flea proteins/metabolites with a dual effect. Even though recent developments in vector and pathogen -omics have advanced the understanding of the genetic factors and molecular pathways involved at the tick-pathogen interface, leading to discovery of candidate protective antigens, only a few studies have focused on the interaction between fleas and flea-borne pathogens. Taking into account the period of time needed for B. henselae replication in flea digestive tract, the present study investigated flea-differentially abundant proteins (FDAP) in unfed fleas, fleas fed on uninfected cats, and fleas fed on B. henselae-infected cats at 24 hours and 9 days after the beginning of blood feeding. Proteomics approaches were designed and implemented to interrogate differentially expressed proteins, so as to gain a better understanding of proteomic changes associated with the initial B. henselae transmission period (24 hour timepoint) and a subsequent time point 9 days after blood ingestion and flea infection. As a result, serine proteases, ribosomal proteins, proteasome subunit α-type, juvenile hormone epoxide hydrolase 1, vitellogenin C, allantoinase, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase, glycinamide ribotide transformylase, secreted salivary acid phosphatase had high abundance in response of C. felis blood feeding and/or infection by B. henselae. In contrast, high abundance of serpin-1, arginine kinase, ribosomal proteins, peritrophin-like protein, and FS-H/FSI antigen family member 3 was strongly associated with unfed cat fleas. Findings from this study provide insights into proteomic response of cat fleas to B. henselae infected and uninfected blood meal, as well as C. felis response to invading B. henselae over an infection time course, thus helping understand the complex interactions between cat fleas and B. henselae at protein levels.
Applying Machine Learning to Carotid Sonographic Features for Recurrent Stroke in Patients With Acute Stroke
Authors: Lin Shih-Yi , Law Kin-Man , Yeh Yi-Chun , Wu Kuo-Chen , Lai Jhih-Han , Lin Chih-Hsueh , Hsu Wu-Huei , Lin Cheng-Chieh , Kao Chia-Hung
Published: January 2022

Background

Although carotid sonographic features have been used as predictors of recurrent stroke, few large-scale studies have explored the use of machine learning analysis of carotid sonographic features for the prediction of recurrent stroke.

Methods

We retrospectively collected electronic medical records of enrolled patients from the data warehouse of China Medical University Hospital, a tertiary medical center in central Taiwan, from January 2012 to November 2018. We included patients who underwent a documented carotid ultrasound within 30 days of experiencing an acute first stroke during the study period. We classified these participants into two groups: those with non-recurrent stroke (those who has not been diagnosed with acute stroke again during the study period) and those with recurrent stoke (those who has been diagnosed with acute stroke during the study period). A total of 1,235 carotid sonographic parameters were analyzed. Data on the patients' demographic characteristics and comorbidities were also collected. Python 3.7 was used as the programming language, and the scikit-learn toolkit was used to complete the derivation and verification of the machine learning methods.

Results

In total, 2,411 patients were enrolled in this study, of whom 1,896 and 515 had non-recurrent and recurrent stroke, respectively. After extraction, 43 features of carotid sonography (36 carotid sonographic parameters and seven transcranial color Doppler sonographic parameter) were analyzed. For predicting recurrent stroke, CatBoost achieved the highest area under the curve (0.844, CIs 95% 0.824–0.868), followed by the Light Gradient Boosting Machine (0.832, CIs 95% 0.813–0.851), random forest (0.819, CIs 95% 0.802–0.846), support-vector machine (0.759, CIs 95% 0.739–0.781), logistic regression (0.781, CIs 95% 0.764–0.800), and decision tree (0.735, CIs 95% 0.717–0.755) models.

Conclusion

When using the CatBoost model, the top three features for predicting recurrent stroke were determined to be the use of anticoagulation medications, the use of NSAID medications, and the resistive index of the left subclavian artery. The CatBoost model demonstrated efficiency and achieved optimal performance in the predictive classification of non-recurrent and recurrent stroke.
Antiplatelet Therapy for Atherothrombotic Disease in 2022—From Population to Patient-Centered Approaches
Authors: Jourdi Georges , Godier Anne , Lordkipanidzé Marie , Marquis-Gravel Guillaume , Gaussem Pascale
Published: January 2022

Antiplatelet agents, with aspirin and P2Y12 receptor antagonists as major key molecules, are currently the cornerstone of pharmacological treatment of atherothrombotic events including a variety of cardio- and cerebro-vascular as well as peripheral artery diseases. Over the last decades, significant changes have been made to antiplatelet therapeutic and prophylactic strategies. The shift from a population-based approach to patient-centered precision medicine requires greater awareness of individual risks and benefits associated with the different antiplatelet strategies, so that the right patient gets the right therapy at the right time. In this review, we present the currently available antiplatelet agents, outline different management strategies, particularly in case of bleeding or in perioperative setting, and develop the concept of high on-treatment platelet reactivity and the steps toward person-centered precision medicine aiming to optimize patient care.
Health Technology Adoption in Liver Disease: Innovative Use of Data Science Solutions for Early Disease Detection
Authors: Bennett Lucy , Purssell Huw , Street Oliver , Piper Hanley Karen , Morling Joanne R. , Hanley Neil A. , Athwal Varinder , Guha Indra Neil
Published: January 2022

Chronic liver disease (CLD) is an ignored epidemic. Premature mortality is considerable and in the United Kingdom (UK) liver disease is in the top three for inequitable healthcare alongside heart and respiratory disease. Fifty percentage of patients with CLD are first diagnosed with cirrhosis after an emergency presentation translating to poorer patient outcomes. Traditional models of care have been based in secondary care when the need is at community level. Investigating patients for disease based on their risk factors at a population level in the community will identify its presence early when there is potential reversibility. Innovation is needed in three broad areas to improve clinical care in this area: better access to diagnostics within the community, integrating diagnostics across primary and secondary care and utilizing digital healthcare to enhance patient care. In this article, we describe how the Integrated Diagnostics for Early Detection of Liver Disease (ID-LIVER) project, funded by UK Research and Innovation, is developing solutions in Greater Manchester to approach the issue of diagnosis of liver disease at a population level. The ambition is to build on innovative pathways previously established in Nottingham by bringing together NHS organizations, academic partners and commercial organizations. The motivation is to co-create and implement a commercial solution that integrates multimodal diagnostics via cutting edge data science to drive growth and disrupt the currently inadequate model. The ambitious vision is for this to be widely adopted for early diagnosis and stratification of liver disease at a population level within the NHS.
Characteristics of Infrared Radiation in the Failure of Phosphate Rock at Different Loading Rates
Authors: Gao Chengcheng , Lin Manqing , Lu Yongxiong , Zhang Dianji , Feng Guangliang , Liang Xiaoshuai
Published: January 2022

Safe and effective mining of phosphate rock plays an important role in the sustainable development of phosphorus resources. The mechanical properties and failure process of phosphate rock under different mining rates remain unclear, further restricting the safe and efficient mining of phosphate rock. In this paper, infrared radiation and uniaxial compression tests of phosphate rock under different loading rates, e.g., 0.0005, 0.001, 0.005, and 0.01 mm/s, were conducted to investigate the failure process of phosphate rock. Energy evolution and infrared radiation characteristics of the phosphate rock damage process were analyzed using nondestructive, real-time, and noncontact infrared thermal imaging technology. The results show that the higher the loading rate of phosphate rock, the more obvious the high-temperature zone and high-temperature point of phosphate rock in the loading process. At failure, the friction and slippage between internal cracks are intense, showing that the infrared radiation temperature difference increases with the increase of loading rate. As loading rate increases, the energy release time of phosphate rock before damage is reduced, resulting in more energy stored in the rock as evinced by its infrared radiation characteristics, finally resulting in greater damage. The increase of loading rate reduces the dissipation energy of phosphate rock before failure so that more energy remains in the rock mass through the weak surface of the grain boundary. The results of this work will be helpful in enhancing theoretical support for prevention and control of dynamic disasters in phosphate mines.
Saturdays of Science. An Experimental Learning and Training Scenario in CLIL and IBSE: A Case Study
Authors: Mata-Torres Susana , Sanz de la Cal Esther , Greca Ileana M.
Published: January 2022

We present a case study where the use of both Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) and Inquiry-Based Science Education (IBSE) can be observed and studied as a hybrid methodology applied in a non-formal context in primary education. The context is the teaching of science in a Foreign Language (English) and the aim is to determine didactic strategies that are useful for improving teaching/learning processes. It is conducted in the non-formal context of science workshops, known as Saturdays of Science. 102 children in primary education attended the workshops, at which both the CLIL and the IBSE approaches were combined and which were supervised by 17 future teachers of primary education. The workshops were observed and analysed together with the changes introduced in the methodology and in the successive improvements to the teaching experience, examining the way in which they influenced the perceptions of the children and the future teachers. These results offer useful strategies for teachers in charge of CLIL teaching in primary education.
Association of Radioiodine for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer and Second Breast Cancer in Female Adolescent and Young Adult
Authors: Zhao Xianlan , Chen Mingjing , Qi Xiaojing , Zhu Haizhen , Yang Guangrong , Guo Yi , Dong Qiang , Yang Qiao
Published: January 2022

Background

Exposure to radiation is related to breast cancer occurrence. While whether the radioiodine (RAI) increases the risk of second breast cancer (SBC) in female differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) patients is not well addressed.

Methods

All patients were identified from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. At least a 5-year latency was guaranteed since exposure to RAI. Fine and Gray model was used to calculate the cumulative incidence and hazards ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was calculated by Poisson regression analysis. Propensity score matching was used for match analysis. Survival analyses were performed by the Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test.

Results

A total of 406 out of 16,850 patients in the RAI group and 733 out of 22,135 patients in the no RAI group developed SBC. The cumulative incidences of SBC were higher in patients with RAI compared with patients without RAI in the adolescent and young adult (AYA) group and the middle-aged adult group. In the AYA group, patients with RAI had increased HR (1.65; 95% CI, 1.33–2.05, p < 0.001) compared with those without RAI, and the HR increased slightly with latency. In addition, the SIR (1.21; 95% CI, 1.02–1.44, p < 0.05) increased compared with the general population. Whereas, in the middle-aged adult group, only a slightly higher HR (1.18) was found. The survival after SBC was inferior to those with matched only primary breast cancer.

Conclusions

RAI treatment increased the risk of SBC in female AYA DTC patients. A long-term follow-up should be performed in this population.
Integration of Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation to Explore the Pharmacological Mechanisms of Zhuanggu Busui Formula Against Osteoporosis
Authors: Zhang Huihao , Zhou Chengcong , Zhang Zhiguo , Yao Sai , Bian Yishan , Fu Fangda , Luo Huan , Li Yan , Yan Shuxin , Ge Yuying , Chen Yuying , Zhan Kunyu , Yue Ming , Du Weibin , Tian Kun , Jin Hongting , Li Xiaofeng , Tong Peijian , Ruan Hongfeng , Wu Chengliang
Published: January 2022

Osteoporosis (OP) is a common skeletal disease, characterized by decreased bone formation and increased bone resorption. As a novel Chinese medicine formula, Zhuanggu Busui formula (ZGBSF) has been proved to be an effective prescription for treating OP in clinic, however, the pharmacological mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects remain obscure. In this study, we explored the pharmacological mechanisms of ZGBSF against OP via network pharmacology analysis coupled with in vivo experimental validation. The results of the network pharmacology analysis showed that a total of 86 active ingredients and 164 targets of ZGBSF associated with OP were retrieved from the corresponding databases, forming an ingredient-target-disease network. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network manifested that 22 core targets, including Caspase-3, BCL2L1, TP53, Akt1, etc, were hub targets. Moreover, functional enrichment analyses revealed that PI3K-Akt and apoptosis signalings were significantly enriched by multiple targets and served as the targets for in vivo experimental study validation. The results of animal experiments revealed that ZGBSF not only reversed the high expression of Caspase-3, Bax, Prap, and low expression of Bcl-2 in osteoblasts of the OP mouse model but also contributed to the phosphorylation of Akt1 and expression of PI3K, thereby promoting osteogenesis and ameliorating the progression of OP. In conclusion, this study systematically and intuitively illustrated that the possible pharmacological mechanisms of ZGBSF against OP through multiple ingredients, targets, and signalings, and especially the inhibition of the apoptosis and the activation of PI3K-Akt signaling.
Retracted: How Do Renewable Energy, Economic Growth and Natural Resources Rent Affect Environmental Sustainability in a Globalized Economy? Evidence From Colombia Based on the Gradual Shift Causality Approach
Authors: Awosusi Abraham Ayobamiji , Mata Mário Nuno , Ahmed Zahoor , Coelho Manuel Francisco , Altuntaş Mehmet , Martins José Moleiro , Martins Jéssica Nunes , Onifade Stephen Taiwo
Published: January 2022

Undoubtedly, fossil fuel energy consumption causes global warming. The question at the core is whether or not we want to quit energy consumption? The obvious answer to this question is “no.” Therefore, the necessity for innovation is curial to attain green energy and sustainable growth. This research specifically focused on Colombia, which represents the aforementioned threats to a large extent as the trajectory of economic expansion is characterized by significant CO2 emissions in Colombia. In this regard, we examine the association between globalization, renewable energy, natural resources rent, economic growth, and CO2 emissions from 1970 to 2017. The cointegration test confirmed a long association between the considered variables. This study employed the Fully Modified Ordinary Least Squares, Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares, and Autoregressive Distributed Lag estimators for the long-run analysis. The long-run empirical results uncovered growth-induced emissions in Colombia. The result illustrated that the path of development is unsustainable in Columbia. In contrast, globalization and renewable energy demonstrated a favorable contribution to environmental quality. The outcomes of the Gradual Shift Causality indicated that globalization, natural resource rent, and economic growth Granger cause CO2 emissions. The findings highlight the need to enact well-coordinated measures to reduce environmental deterioration in Colombia. Colombia must aggressively promote the development of renewable energy and also foster a better viable environment for renewable energy investment to mitigate environmental damage caused by economic growth.
Shelf-Sourced Methane in Surface Seawater at the Eurasian Continental Slope (Arctic Ocean)
Authors: Vinogradova Elena , Damm Ellen , Pnyushkov Andrey V. , Krumpen Thomas , Ivanov Vladimir V.
Published: January 2022

This study traces the pathways of dissolved methane at the Eurasian continental slope (ECS) and the Siberian shelf break based on data collected during the NABOS-II expedition in August-September, 2013. We focus on the sea ice-ocean interface during seasonal strong ice melt. Our analysis reveals a patchy pattern of methane supersaturation related to the atmospheric equilibrium. We argue that sea ice transports methane from the shelf and that ice melt is the process that causes the heterogeneous pattern of methane saturation in the Polar Mixed Layer (PML). We calculate the solubility capacity and find that seasonal warming of the PML reduces the CH4 storage capacity and contributes to methane supersaturation and potential sea-air flux in summer. Cooling in autumn enhances the solubility capacity in the PML once again. The shifts in the solubility capacity indicate the buffering capacity for seasonal storage of atmospheric and marine methane in the PML. We discuss specific pathways for marine methane and the storage capacity of the PML on the ECS as a sink/source for atmospheric methane and methane sources from the Siberian shelf. The potential sea-air flux of methane is calculated and intrusions of methane plumes from the PML into the Cold Halocline Layer are described.