bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Uma Análise Comparativa de Kits para a Robótica Educacional
Authors: De Oliveira Almir , Guedes Elloá
Published: June 2020

Quais aspectos são relevantes e precisam ser considerados na escolha de um kit de robótica educacional? Kits de robótica educacional, em sua essência, proveem hardware, software e material pedagógico para viabilizar a utilização deste recurso no contexto da sala de aula, mas há que se considerar as necessidades de cada contexto e as características diferentes que cada kit possui. Levando isto em consideração, este trabalho apresenta e analisa comparativamente as características de três kits para robótica educacional disponíveis no mercado, considerando diferentes aspectos nesta análise, tais como acabamento do hardware, material pedagógico disponível, dentre outros. Além de enfatizar e contrastar as características dos kits apresentados, outra contribuição deste artigo é fornecer informações para o processo de tomada de decisão na escolha dos kits de robótica a serem adotados em contextos reais de sala de aula.
Computação para Ensino Médio na Modalidade Semipresencial: Uma Experiência da Disciplina de Estágio Supervisionado
Authors: Ferreira Máverick , De Lima Jakeline , Santos Hígor , Oliveira Edjano , Do Nascimento Josefa
Published: June 2020

Este artigo tem o objetivo de relatar a experiência de um minicurso de introdução a programação na modalidade semipresencial para alunos do Ensino Médio. Apesar do ensino de programação ser uma atividade desafiadora, observa-se o grande interesse de vários países em incluí-lo no currículo escolar. Em paralelo a isso, a modalidade de educação semipresencial tem se difundido largamente e pode auxiliar nesse processo de ensino e aprendizagem. Desse modo, utilizou-se ferramentas e atividades lúdicas visando proporcionar uma aprendizagem envolvente e atrativa. Os resultados dessa experiência reforçam a importância do ensino de Computação na educação básica, como forma de desenvolver a criatividade e habilidade de resolução de problemas, seja à distância ou presencialmente.
Sozialinformatik
Authors: Kreidenweis Helmut
Published: June 2020

Digital technologies offer many opportunities for social organisations, but they also pose certain risks. The 3rd completely revised edition of the textbook ‘Sozialinformatik’ (Social Informatics) introduces fundamental and current topics in the field of computer science, explains the meaning and purpose of social informatics as a science and explains the dynamics of digital change and its impact on social organisations. It shows the development and status of IT use in this field and explains important future trends such as mobility, cloud computing, big data and artificial intelligence. In addition, it offers didactically prepared practical knowledge with over 115 illustrations for the development of digitisation strategies, IT and process management in social organisations, the use of digital technologies in social work, as well as privacy and IT security. A directory of links as well as exercises and solutions for each chapter complete the book.
The Integrative Theory of Hypnosis in the Light of Clinical Hypnotherapy
Authors: Tukaev Rashit
Published: June 2020

The chapter describes the author’s integrative theory of hypnosis and hypnotherapy (ITHH) and the universal hypnotherapy (UH) method. The ITHH contains neurophysiological, biological, and communicative components. (1) Hypnosis is triggered by symbolical hypnogenic situations of inability of decision-making and/or its behavioral realization. Hypnosis development results in qualitative reorganization of the brain activation system functioning from distribution to generation of activity. Hypnosis deepening is based on the increase of brain activation. Hypnosis development in right-handers is associated with a regressive reorganization of the left hemisphere to the right hemisphere functioning mode, with whole brain functioning on right hemispheric principle. (2) Hypnotization generates hypnogenic stress. Hypnotherapy activates a readaptation process, including neurohormonal, neurotransmitter secretions; activation of the immunological and biochemical responses; and spontaneous change of pain sensation. (3) Hypnotic communication styles (directive, non-directive) are (i) changing due to historical evolution of social communication styles and (ii) indirectly using the representations about hypnosis. The UH utilizes the ITHH, being close to the positive and mindfulness psychotherapeutic approaches. The complex of UH and psycho-education formed positive-dialogue psychotherapy (PDP) for the treatment of anxiety disorders. The randomized clinical trial of PDP efficiency in the therapy of panic and generalized anxiety disorders confirmed high clinical efficiency and the mindfulness effect of UH.
The Influence ofCandidaspp. in Intestinal Microbiota; Diet Therapy, the Emerging Conditions Related toCandidain Athletes and Elderly People
Authors: Vasile Rusu Alexandru , Alvarez Penedo Berta , Schwarze Ann-Kristin , Trif Monica
Published: June 2020

The presence of Candida in the gut is normal, but an overproduction may lead to serious health problems due to an imbalanced gut, causing gut-related symptoms such as bowel movement changes, excessive gas, etc. Some diseases, such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, are associated with an overgrowth of Candida in the gastrointestinal tract. Several recent studies have shown that a prolonged candidiasis within the intestines is associated with Candida overgrowth syndrome or chronic fatigue syndrome. A healthy digestive system relies on a good balance of bacteria that live in the gut, and an important role in maintaining this balance is having the ingested type of food. Candida overgrowth can be prevented first of all by healthy eating patterns, as susceptibility is increased by a high-sugar diet and diabetes or nutritional deficiencies causing a dysregulated immune system. In general, Candida-associated conditions have a high impact on performance. Recent research has shown an increasing interest in the Candida-related conditions and diseases.
Género y guerra, una encrucijada y una oportunidad
Authors: Fernández Elena , Santirso Manuel
Published: June 2020

Como en tantos otros aspectos de nuestra cultura, toca remitirse a la Antigüedad clásica al ocuparse de los roles de género; no en vano estos son, ante todo y sobre todo, construcciones culturales. Por eso hemos puesto este dossier de Millars. Espai i Història bajo la doble advocación de Hestia, la diosa del hogar recluida voluntariamente en él, y de Atenea, la deidad armada y tutelar a la que los atenienses se encomendaban en sus luchas. De la una a la otra se despliega casi todo el abanico de los papeles asignados a las mujeres en los conflictos armados: sirvientes, administradoras, criadoras, educadoras, apoyos morales, reposos del guerrero o cantineras. Solo aparecen como combatientes de forma simbólica, como tótems: Atenea es una bandera, no un soldado.
Agustina de Aragón in Cairo. Women warriors and National Heroes in Global History
Authors: Shubert Adrian
Published: June 2020

This article uses recent findings from studies of women warrior and national heroes as an enduring and complex transnational and global phenomenon to re-examine the figure of the iconic Spanish example of such a figure: Agustina de Aragón. Specifically, it explores how and why she, and not others, was turned into a national hero, how Spaniards managed the subversion of gender roles that a woman warrior represented, the effect of her long outliving the events of 1808 that made her famous, and the extent to and ways in which her figure as a woman warrior circulated beyond Spain.
La participación de la mujer en las distintas formas de resistencia durante la ocupación de Grecia por las fuerzas del Eje (1940-1944)
Authors: García Amorós Maila
Published: June 2020

Desde los primeros momentos de la Ocupación las mujeres se organizaron para emprender, cada una en la medida en que podía, acciones para paliar la situación que trajo a la nación la invasión de las fuerzas del Eje o para combatir al invasor directamente. En un primer momento su participación en actos de Resistencia, podrían considerarse una extensión de las labores que tradicionalmente habían desempeñado, pero no por ello menos importantes. De esta manera, empezaron haciéndose cargo de la atención de los soldados y de la población civil que había permanecido en los pueblos y ciudades. Poco a poco, las mujeres fueron asumiendo roles que hasta ese momento estaban restringidos a los hombres. Fueron muchas las que se enrolaron y contribuyeron a la lucha de la Resistencia a través de diversas agrupaciones. Hubo además un número importante de mujeres que se apostaron en las montañas y tomaron parte en la batalla al lado de los hombres. No hemos de olvidar tampoco a aquellas que emprendieron iniciativas particulares mediante las cuales salvaron numerosas vidas o infringieron daño al enemigo. Objetivo de este trabajo es destacar la labor de todos estos grupos de mujeres que de un modo u otro presentaron resistencia contra el invasor.
Las dinámicas de género en las brigadas femeninas de la guerra siria
Authors: García Isabel
Published: June 2020

Tras el estallido de la guerra siria en el año 2011 varios grupos que se dan cita en el contencioso crearon sus propias brigadas femeninas, consiguiendo una rápida proyección internacional y un interés inusitado por los medios de comunicación de masas. Este artículo contribuye a explicar este repentino aumento de mujeres combatientes dentro del contexto del país árabe. Para ello se llevará a cabo una comparación entre los cuatro principales grupos que se dan cita en la guerra: Daesh, el Ejército Libre Sirio, las Unidades de Protección Popular y las fuerzas gubernamentales. El artículo aborda la ideología de género de estas organizaciones y explica las razones que les han llevado a contar con presencia femenina en sus filas.
La nature stratégique des ressources issues de l’ancrage territorial : proposition d’une grille d’évaluation pour les PME
Authors: Bousquet François , Barbat Valérie , Petzold Stéphanie
Published: June 2020

L’inscription de l’ancrage territorial (AT) dans les composantes d’une politique de RSE conduit parfois au développement d’un discours prosélyte en direction des chefs d’entreprise. Il importe que les chefs d’entreprise puissent adopter une attitude critique permettant de prendre en compte l’intérêt de l’entreprise à participer à des actions collectives. Comment analyser, du point de vue d’une PME, la nature éventuellement stratégique des ressources issues de l’AT ? Dans un premier temps, cet article analyse, de façon théorique, la capacité des ressources issues de l’AT à permettre la création d’un avantage concurrentiel durable. Une grille d’analyse s’appuyant sur le modèle VRIO de Barney est proposée. Elle met en évidence les caractéristiques des interactions entreprise/territoire sur lesquelles peut se fonder la dimension stratégique de ces ressources. Dans un second temps, quatre études de cas de PME ancrées sont menées afin de valider la capacité opérationnelle de cette grille d’analyse et de l’adapter.
L’évolution du modèle d’affaires des organisations de l’entrepreneuriat social : le cas des jeunes entreprises du numérique en France
Authors: Ndour Mamour , Alexandre Laurice
Published: June 2020

Afin d’éviter la dérive de mission, les jeunes entreprises à finalité sociale doivent anticiper l’évolution de leur modèle d’affaires. Plusieurs peinent à y arriver et l’état actuel des connaissances offre peu de repères. Le présent article présente les résultats d’une étude approfondie basée sur dix entreprises du secteur du numérique en France. Les résultats font ressortir plusieurs évolutions : 1) évolution de la proposition de valeur en raison de la modification de l’offre initiale pour l’adapter à de nouveaux besoins de la cible ; 2) évolution par l’élargissement du périmètre d’activités selon si le modèle de revenus est financé par l’utilisateur ou par un tiers, avec une approche combinant des actions planifiées et émergentes ; 3) évolution organisationnelle pour faire face au développement des jeunes entreprises ; 4) évolution du modèle de revenus et de coûts ; et 5) évolution de la mission et de l’impact social qui résulte de l’interaction entre les différentes composantes.
La gestion des ressources humaines dans les PME : une analyse systématique de la littérature
Authors: Robert-Huot Geneviève , Cloutier Julie
Published: June 2020

Alors que le capital humain demeure l’actif stratégique le plus important pour assurer la compétitivité des entreprises et leur pérennité, que savons-nous de la gestion des ressources humaines dans les PME ? Ce texte présente une revue de la littérature scientifique concernant la gestion des ressources humaines (GRH) dans les PME. Les 167 articles empiriques répertoriés à partir des bases de données bibliographiques ABI/Inform et Repère sont classés en fonction de la nature des connaissances produites. Ces articles sont ainsi divisés en cinq catégories : (1) les pratiques RH utilisées dans les PME, (2) leurs caractéristiques distinctives par rapport aux grandes entreprises ; (3) les déterminants de l’adoption des pratiques RH ; (4) leurs conséquences sur la performance des PME ; (5) les processus à travers lesquels les pratiques RH sont modifiées. Les résultats montrent que les études ont surtout consisté à vérifier si le modèle de GRH des grandes entreprises s’applique aux PME. La formalisation des pratiques RH a également beaucoup retenu l’attention. De façon générale, peu d’études ont été réalisées sur chacun des divers aspects de la GRH et leurs résultats sont discordants. Des pistes de recherche sont proposées en vue de favoriser le développement des connaissances.
Risques et internationalisation des PME : proposition d’un cadre d’analyse1
Authors: Bouveret-Rivat Céline , Mercier-Suissa Catherine , Saoudi Lynda
Published: June 2020

Nombreuses sont les recherches développées en sciences de gestion pour permettre aux grandes entreprises d’appréhender le risque à l’international et d’identifier le mode d’entrée le plus approprié pour pénétrer un marché étranger. En revanche à ce jour, il n’existe pas de cadre théorique ni de méthodologie adaptée aux petites et moyennes entreprises (PME) pour le faire. Or, pour les PME, la bonne connaissance des risques à l’international et le choix du mode d’entrée sont particulièrement importants, car une erreur de décision peut remettre en cause la pérennité de l’entreprise. Ainsi, dans le prolongement des recherches sur le choix du mode d’entrée dépendant du degré d’engagement souhaité et de contrôle voulu par la PME, nous intégrerons le risque perçu par le dirigeant. L’objectif de cet article est de développer un cadre d’analyse global et systémique qui permettrait d’aider les PME et de les conseiller pour optimiser le choix de leur mode d’entrée dans les marchés étrangers.
Creativity through the prism of the unconscious in S. Freud's concept of psychoanalysis
Authors: Tomyuk Ol'ga Nikolaevna
Published: June 2020

The modernizing global world with new sociocultural practices actualizes the study of creativity as a constitutive phenomenon of human personality in the context of the challenges of modern era. The object of this research is creativity as a cultural phenomenon. The subject is creativity in the S. Freud's concept of psychoanalysis. In the era of change and uncertainty, when the role of creativity is increasing, the ideas of S. Freud acquire special significance. The article considers the unconscious in the context of the social, in correlation with social factors and as a key position in creativity. The theoretical and methodological framework of the study includes cultural-historical and comparative methods. The systemic approach allowed viewing the phenomenon of creativity as a system in combibation of elements. The author also used the methods of analogy, analysis, comparison, and generalization. The discovered by Freud mechanism of sublimation is considered through the lens of creativity, as a way of redirecting energy displaced into the field of the unconscious by social factors, the sphere of creativity. The psychoanalytic concept serves as the methodological basis for explaining creativity as a complex process in combination of the conscious and unconscious.
LUZP1, a novel regulator of primary cilia and the actin cytoskeleton, is a contributing factor in Townes-Brocks Syndrome
Authors: Bozal-Basterra Laura , Gonzalez-Santamarta María , Muratore Veronica , Bermejo-Arteagabeitia Aitor , Da Fonseca Carolina , Barroso-Gomila Orhi , Azkargorta Mikel , Iloro Ibon , Pampliega Olatz , Andrade Ricardo , Martín-Martín Natalia , Branon Tess C , Ting Alice Y , Rodríguez Jose A , Carracedo Arkaitz , Elortza Felix , Sutherland James D , Barrio Rosa
Published: June 2020

Primary cilia are sensory organelles crucial for cell signaling during development and organ homeostasis. Cilia arise from centrosomes and their formation and function is governed by numerous factors. Through our studies on Townes-Brocks Syndrome (TBS), a rare disease linked to abnormal cilia formation in human fibroblasts, we uncovered the leucine-zipper protein LUZP1 as an interactor of truncated SALL1, a dominantly-acting protein causing the disease. Using TurboID proximity labeling and pulldowns, we show that LUZP1 associates with factors linked to centrosome and actin filaments. Here, we show that LUZP1 is a cilia regulator. It localizes around the centrioles and to actin cytoskeleton. Loss of LUZP1 reduces F-actin levels, facilitates ciliogenesis and alters Sonic Hedgehog signaling, pointing to a key role in cytoskeleton-cilia interdependency. Truncated SALL1 increases the ubiquitin proteasome-mediated degradation of LUZP1. Together with other factors, alterations in LUZP1 may be contributing to TBS etiology.
Moyamoya disease factor RNF213 is a giant E3 ligase with a dynein-like core and a distinct ubiquitin-transfer mechanism
Authors: Ahel Juraj , Lehner Anita , Vogel Antonia , Schleiffer Alexander , Meinhart Anton , Haselbach David , Clausen Tim
Published: June 2020

RNF213 is the major susceptibility factor for Moyamoya disease, a progressive cerebrovascular disorder that often leads to brain stroke in adults and children. Characterization of disease-associated mutations has been complicated by the enormous size of RNF213. Here, we present the cryo-EM structure of mouse RNF213. The structure reveals the intricate fold of the 584 kDa protein, comprising an N-terminal stalk, a dynein-like core with six ATPase units, and a multidomain E3 module. Collaboration with UbcH7, a cysteine-reactive E2, points to an unexplored ubiquitin-transfer mechanism that proceeds in a RING-independent manner. Moreover, we show that pathologic MMD mutations cluster in the composite E3 domain, likely interfering with substrate ubiquitination. In conclusion, the structure of RNF213 uncovers a distinct type of an E3 enzyme, highlighting the growing mechanistic diversity in ubiquitination cascades. Our results also provide the molecular framework for investigating the emerging role of RNF213 in lipid metabolism, hypoxia, and angiogenesis.
Role of Military Termites (Pseudocanthotermes militaris) in Improving Soil Productivity in Tropical Agroecosystems
Authors: Apori Samuel Obeng , Flarian Murongo Marius , Hanyabui Emmanuel , Muli Gideon Kalii , Wamuyu Beatrice
Published: June 2020

Military Termites have been considered as a major pest causing significant reduction to crop productivity in tropical regions of the world. The termite destroys many plants (domestic and wild) at any stage of development from the seedlings to maturity. Crops such as cotton, wheat and ground nuts, upper land rice and eucalyptus trees are highly susceptible to termite damage. They destroy huge amounts of organic materials especially those used as mulches in plantation farming. However, there are beneficial termite activities such as organic matter decomposition and nutrient dynamics that are essential components in the soil ecosystem as they aid in maintaining long-term soil productivity and also in restoring barren soils. The review sought to establish the contribution of military termite activities to soil productivity. The result from the review showed that termite activities such as burrowing, chewing of plant litter, excavation activities in search of food, and construction of termitaria leads to improved soil structure, soil aeration, water infiltration via soil porosity, plant nutrient (calcium, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium) and soil organic matter which will eventually result to improved yields of crops. Also, termite mound has been suggested to be very effective for bulking agent for compost preparation and soil amendment.
Evaluation of Growth, Yield and Active Ingredients in Fenugreek Plants under Different Potassium Fertilizer Rates and Kaolin Application
Authors: El-Shayeb Nahed S. A. , Hassan Reem H. I. , Ahmed Marwa A. , Abdelkader Mohammed A. I.
Published: June 2020

A split-plot experiment based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was planned at Experimental Farm, Agriculture Faculty, Zagazig University, Egypt during the two consecutive seasons of 2018/2019 and 2019/2020. Aiming to study the effect of different potassium fertilization rate (0.0, 24 and 48 K2O kg/feddan) and different kaolin concentrations (0.0, 15, 30 and 45 g/l) as well as their combination treatments on growth parameters, yield components, fixed oil, and active ingredient. Results indicated that growth parameters (plant height, branch number/ plant and dry weight/plant), yield components (number of pods/plant, seed yield/ plant and /feddan) and chemical constituents (total chlorophyll, total nitrogen, potassium, total carbohydrates, mucilage and trigonelline content) were influenced by experimental factors. Furthermore, the highest rate of potassium fertilization recorded significant increase in these above parameters compared to control. In the same trend, the highest values in this concern of Trigonella feonum-graecum was observed with 30 or 45 g/l of kaolin compared to control. Moreover, applied 48 kg K2O /feddan was more efficient than 24 kg and control when combined with kaolin at 30 or 45 g /l, in most cases. Generally, this combination treatments seems promising in enhancing fenugreek growth and productivity under Sharkia Governorate conditions.
Assessment of Antiplasmodial and Antioxidant Activities, Total Phenolics and Flavonoids Content, and Toxicological Profile of Cola millenii K. shum (Malvaceae)
Authors: Tiko Gerard Hodeve , Amoussa Abdou Madjid O. , Adamou Rafiou , Medjigbodo Adande A. , Djogbenou Luc S. , Lagnika Latifou
Published: June 2020

Aims: This study was designed to assess antiplasmodial and antioxidant activities in relation to phytochemical contents and toxicological profile of crude extracts of Cola millenii leaves.

Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out from April 2015 to November 2018 at University of Abomey-Calavi, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Bioactives Natural Products and Laboratory of Infectious Vector-borne Diseases.

Methodology: Phytochemical screening of aqueous and ethanolic crude extracts was performed using standard methods. Estimation of total phenolics contains (TPC) and total flavonoids contains (TFC) was done using colorimetric methods. Antioxidant activity was assessed in vitro by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) Radical-Scavenging, Reducing power, superoxide radical scavenging and Hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay. Antiplasmodial activity was investigated in vitro using both field isolate and laboratory 3D7 strains of P. falciparum using Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) assay. Hemoglobin release was measured spectrophotometrically to assess hemolytic power. Acute oral toxicity of extracts was evaluated on rats according to OECD 423 guideline.

Results: Flavonoids, anthraquinones, coumarins, and triterpenes were recorded in both extracts while tannins were recorded only in ethanolic extract. High TPC and TFC were recorded with ethanolic extract with significate difference (P <0.01) when compared to aqueous extract. Ethanolic extract exhibited the highest parasite growth inhibition against both field isolate (41.62±1.78%) and 3D7 (45.89±1.66%) strains at 100 µg/mL. Both extracts exhibited strong antioxidant activity according to different methods used. Toxicological profile revealed no hemolytic effect on human red blood cells as well as acute toxicity signs in rats.

Conclusion: This study demonstrated strong antioxidant and moderate antiplasmodial activities of C. millenii extracts without toxicity effect on rats and human erythrocytes. It would play an important role in malaria and oxidative damage control.
Increasing on Fruit Set and Yield of ‘Monalisa’ and ‘Maxi Gala’ Apple Trees Using Plant Growth Regulators
Authors: Petri José Luiz , Sezerino André Amarildo , Fenili Cristhian Leonardo , Fagundes Everlan
Published: June 2020

Aims: To evaluate the effect of different plant growth regulators on fruit set and yield of apple trees in mild winter conditions.

Study Design:  The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design.

Place and Duration of Study: The experiments were carried out in southern Brazil, municipality of Caçador/SC, during the cycle 2016/2017 to 2019/2020 in the 'Monalisa'/M9 and another experiment with cultivars Maxi Gala/M9 and Monalisa/M9, in 2018/2019 and 2019/2020.

Methodology: The following products were tested: TDZ (Thidiazuron) Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), Maxcel®, Ethrel®, Promalin®, Ammonium thiosulfate, and the combination TDZ + Viviful® + Retain®. The following evaluations were carried out: fruit set, fruit yield per plant and per hectare; number of fruits per plant, average fruit mass, the red skin color of fruits, degree of russeting and classification of fruits by size.

Results: In 'Monalisa' apple trees, TDZ alone and combined with PCa + AVG increases the fruit set, when applied in full bloom, while TDZ alone and NAA applied in full bloom increases the productivity. TDZ alone reduces return bloom and induces greater alternate bearing while, combined with PCa + AVG does not cause bearing alternation; however, it reduces the average fruit mass. BA + GA reduces the productivity of 'Monalisa' apple trees. The fruit set increased significantly with AVG treatments 52 ppm, 104 ppm, and 156 ppm, while the yield per plant, number of fruits per plant and estimated productivity, all treatments were significantly superior to the control treatment with the exception of AVG 52 ppm, on the Cv. Monalisa. The control treatment and AVG, 104 ppm and 156 ppm presented fruits with larger caliber and only AVG 26 ppm showed a lower percentage of fruits in the class of higher coloration, in comparison to the other treatments. The russeting incidence did not present significant differences in the cultivar Monalisa and Maxi Gala. None of the variables were significantly altered by the application of Retain® in the Cv. Maxi Gala.
Perfil sociodemográfico e epidemiológico de pacientes com AIDS residentes na região de saúde que compreende o município de Alagoinhas – BA, no período de 2007-2017
Authors: Cerqueira Camilla De Souza , Pita Sereno Isabela Silva , Dos Santos Pinto Larissa Santana , Vila Verde Mayra Mariana Lins de Azevedo , Pereira Uilson Ssntos , Silva Sampaio Carla Jaqueline
Published: June 2020

Objetivo: Este estudo teve como objetivo traçar o perfil sociodemográfico e epidemiológico de pacientes com AIDS residentes microrregião de região de saúde que compreende o município de Alagoinhas – BA, no período de 2007-2017. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico descritivo, exploratório de fonte secundária de dados. As variáveis investigadas foram: gênero, faixa etária, grau de escolaridade, município de residência, cor, categoria de exposição e evolução do caso. Resultados: Durante o período 2007 - 2017, constatou-se 459 casos registrados no SINAN de AIDS em adultos na Região de Saúde do município. Assim verificou-se em adulto uma tendência de crescimento no número de casos na microrregião de Alagoinhas, acentuado no ano de 2014 (95 casos), e com considerável aumento constatado no ano de 2017 (90 casos), evidenciou-se que 227 pacientes pertenciam ao sexo masculino e 232 pertenciam ao sexo feminino, havendo predomínio de casos, todavia, na faixa etária entre 20 a 34 anos. Houve a prevalência foi em adultos, faixa etária de 20-34 e 35-49, e dentre estes, o número de casos foi maior em indivíduos que têm relação heterossexual, seguido de indivíduos que têm relação homossexual, houve alto número de casos em indivíduos que possuem relações sexuais só com homens, totalizando 258, seguido de só com mulheres (135). Conclusão: O presente estudo permitiu compreender que os indivíduos adultos vivendo com HIV/AIDS, no período de 2007 a 2017, seguem a tendência nacional, contudo a melhoria do acesso aos serviços, qualidade da atenção, proporciona uma maior qualidade de vida aos pacientes.
Stabilizing Inactive Conformations of MALT1 as an Effective Approach to Inhibit Its Protease Activity
Authors: Hughes Nicola , Erbel Paul , Bornancin Frédéric , Wiesmann Christian , Schiering Nikolaus , Villard Frédéric , Decock Arnaud , Rubi Bertran , Melkko Samu , Spanka Carsten , Buschmann Nicole , Pissot‐Soldermann Carole , Simic Oliver , Beerli René , Sorge Mickael , Tintelnot‐Blomley Marina , Beltz Karen , Régnier Catherine H. , Quancard Jean , Schlapbach Achim , Langlois Jean‐Baptiste , Renatus Martin
Published: June 2020

The paracaspase MALT1 (mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocated gene 1) plays an important role in various immune pathways and is proposed as a therapeutic target for autoimmune disorders as well as different types of cancer, such as diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Different mechanisms are explored to inhibit the protease activity of MALT1 and two unrelated chemical scaffolds are discovered. Biophysical and structural studies reveal that both scaffolds stabilize the protease in an inactive conformation. While one ligand binds to the allosteric site at the interface between the caspase and the Ig3 domain, the other ligand binds to the active site using a so far undescribed mechanism. Iterative structure‐based drug discovery on one scaffold results in the identification of a potent, selective, and orally bioavailable MALT1 inhibitor.
Principal component analysis of electroencephalographic activity during sleep and wakefulness in the spider monkey (Ateles geoffroyi)
Authors: Cruz‐Aguilar Manuel Alejandro , Hernández‐Arteaga Enrique , Hernández‐González Marisela , Ramírez‐Salado Ignacio , Guevara Miguel Angel
Published: June 2020

The study of electroencephalographic (EEG) activity during sleep in the spider monkey has provided new insights into primitive arboreal sleep physiology and behavior in anthropoids. Nevertheless, studies conducted to date have maintained the frequency ranges of the EEG bands commonly used with humans. The aim of the present work was to determine the EEG broad bands that characterize sleep and wakefulness in the spider monkey using principal component analysis (PCA). The EEG activity was recorded from the occipital, central, and frontal EEG derivations of six young‐adult male spider monkeys housed in a laboratory setting. To determine which frequencies covaried and which were orthogonally independent during sleep and wakefulness, the power EEG spectra and interhemispheric and intrahemispheric EEG correlations from 1 to 30 Hz were subjected to PCA. Findings show that the EEG bands detection differed from those reported previously in both spider monkeys and humans, and that the 1–3 and 2–13 Hz frequency ranges concur with the oscillatory activity elucidated by cellular recordings of subcortical regions. Results show that applying PCA to the EEG spectrum during sleep and wakefulness in the spider monkey led to the identification of frequencies that covaried with, and were orthogonally independent of, other frequencies in each behavioral vigilance state. The new EEG bands differ from those used previously with both spider monkeys and humans. The 1–3 and 2–13 Hz frequency ranges are in accordance with the oscillatory activity elucidated by cellular recordings of subcortical regions in other mammals.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Magnesium Boryl and a Beryllium‐Substituted Diazaborole
Authors: Dange Deepak , Paparo Albert , Jones Cameron
Published: June 2020

Reaction of a lithium boryl, [(THF)2Li{B(DAB)}] (DAB=[(DipNCH)2]2−, Dip=2,6‐diisopropylphenyl), with a dinuclear magnesium(I) compound [{(MesNacnac)Mg}2] (MesNacnac=[HC(MeCNMes)2]−, Mes=mesityl) unexpectedly afforded a rare example of a terminal magnesium boryl species, [(MesNacnac)(THF)Mg{B(DAB)}]. Attempts to prepare the magnesium boryl via a salt metathesis reaction between the lithium boryl and a β‐diketiminato magnesium iodide compound, instead led to an intractable mixture of products. Similarly, reaction of the lithium boryl with a β‐diketiminato beryllium bromide precursor, [(DepNacnac)BeBr] (Dep=2,6‐diethylphenyl) did not give a beryllium boryl, but instead afforded an unprecedented example of a beryllium substituted diazaborole heterocycle, [{(DepNacnac)Be(4‐DAB−H)}BBr]. For sake of comparison, the same group 2 halide precursor compounds were treated with a potassium gallyl analogue of the lithium boryl, viz. [(tmeda)K{:Ga(DAB)}] (tmeda=N,N,N’,N’‐tetramethylethylenediamine), but no reactions were observed.
Primary pelvic hydatid cyst in an infertile female, A case report
Authors: Ghafouri Majid , Khorasani Emad Yeganeh , Shokri Azar
Published: June 2020

It is important to consider hydatidosis as a differential diagnosis in all suspected cysts in endemic regions. The wide range of hydatidosis presentations makes it difficult to differentiate from similar symptoms.
Verfahrensübersicht zur Erzeugung von Wasserstoff durch Erdgas‐Pyrolyse
Authors: Schneider Stefan , Bajohr Siegfried , Graf Frank , Kolb Thomas
Published: June 2020

Fossiles Erdgas muss mittelfristig zunehmend durch klimaneutrale Gase substituiert werden, um einen wesentlichen Beitrag zur Minderung der CO2‐Emissionen im Energiesystem der Zukunft zu leisten. Die Pyrolyse von Erdgas zur Erzeugung von Kohlenstoff (Thermo‐Ruß) ist ein seit Jahrzehnten bekannter Prozess, der in mehreren Verfahren technisch realisiert wurde. In den letzten Jahren ist die Erzeugung von Wasserstoff als Zielprodukt aus diesem Prozess in das Interesse der Forschung gerückt. Bei einer stofflichen Nutzung oder Sequestrierung des dann als Nebenprodukt gebildeten, festen Kohlenstoffs kann Wasserstoff mit geringem CO2‐Fußabdruck aus einem fossilen Energieträger gewonnen werden. Dieser Artikel berichtet den aus der Literatur bekannten Stand der Verfahren und Forschungsansätze zur Erdgas‐Pyrolyse und versucht eine Bewertung der Technologiereife.
Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of the prostate in a young man
Authors: Iwahashi Yuya , Matsumura Nagahide , Kusumoto Hiroki , Ozaki Takashi , Higuchi Masatoshi , Kohjimoto Yasuo , Hara Isao
Published: June 2020

Introduction

Prostate sarcoma is an extremely rare disease with a poor prognosis. Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma has never been described in the prostate.

Case presentation

A 27‐year‐old man complained of frequent urination and dysuria for several years. Various examinations were suggestive of prostate sarcoma. The pathological diagnosis was confirmed as prostate sarcoma via ultrasound‐guided transrectal needle biopsy. Because the location of the tumor in the prostate was confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging, we performed robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy. The final pathological diagnosis was undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma. Local recurrence occurred at the front of the rectum 2 months after surgery. Although chemotherapy and radiotherapy were initially effective, he died 18 months after surgery.

Conclusion

Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma of the prostate is believed to have a poor prognosis. When selecting the surgical procedure, functionality should be considered for individual cases with complete resection.
Fixed effects demeaning in the presence of interactive effects in treatment effects regressions and elsewhere
Authors: Petrova Yana , Westerlund Joakim
Published: June 2020

The present paper shows that cross‐section demeaning with respect to time fixed effects is more useful than commonly appreciated, in that it enables consistent and asymptotically normal estimation of interactive effects models with heterogeneous slope coefficients when the number of time periods, T, is small and only the number of cross‐sectional units, N, is large. This is important when using OLS but also when using more sophisticated estimators of interactive effects models whose validity does not require demeaning, a point that to the best of our knowledge has not been made before in the literature. As an illustration, we consider the problem of estimating the average treatment effect in the presence of unobserved time‐varying heterogeneity. Gobillon and Magnac (2016) recently considered this problem. They employed a principal components‐based approach designed to deal with general unobserved heterogeneity, which does not require fixed effects demeaning. The approach does, however, require that T is large, which is typically not the case in practice, and the results reported here confirm that the performance can be extremely poor in small‐T samples. The exception is when the approach is applied to data that have been demeaned with respect to fixed effects.
A novel G6PD gene variant in a Chinese girl with favism
Authors: Shen Shanshan , Xiong Qian , Cai Wenqian , Xiong Hao , Hu Xijiang
Published: June 2020

Background

Glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common human enzymopathy. The human G6PD gene is highly polymorphic, and over 200 mutations have been identified, many of which are associated with hemolytic anemia. Here, we analyzed the clinical genetics data of a Chinese girl with favism who developed acute hemolytic anemia after fava bean ingestion.

Methods

The clinical genetics data of the proband who developed acute hemolytic anemia were collected and analyzed, and G6PD gene exons were sequenced in the proband and her family.

Results

We reported for the first time a novel G6PD gene variant in a Chinese girl, which we named “G6PD Wuhan.” This variant is localized exon 3 of the G6PD gene at genomic position 141G > C, that is a change from p.Lys47 to Asn. The bioinformatics analysis and protein modeling study indicated this variant may have negative effects on the enzyme activity of G6PD.

Conclusions

Our results indicated that favism in the proband was caused by this novel heterozygous variant (c.141G > C) in G6PD. The variant in G6PD has implications for genetic counseling and could provide insights into the functional roles of G6PD mutations.
Retracted: A landscape of circulating long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) expression profile and the predictive value of candidate lncRNAs for disease risk of knee osteoarthritis
Authors: Liu Xuanyi , Li Mian , Zhang Bingyao , Zhang Ning , Feng Qing
Published: June 2020

Background

This study aimed to investigate the plasma long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) expression profile in knee osteoarthritis (KOA) patients and the value of candidate lncRNAs for predicting KOA risk.

Methods

Plasma was obtained for RNA sequencing (RNA‐seq) in eight KOA patients and eight healthy controls (Ctrls). Ten candidate lncRNAs were then selected from the differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs according to the rank of absolute value of Log2 (fold change). Afterward, RT‐qPCR was used to examine 10 candidate lncRNAs expressions in plasma of 100 KOA patients and 100 Ctrls.

Results

In eight KOA patients and eight Ctrls, principal component analysis and heatmap plots disclosed that lncRNA and mRNA expression profile could distinguish KOA patients from Ctrls. Then Volcano plot identified 418 upregulated lncRNAs, 347 downregulated lncRNAs, 521 upregulated mRNAs, and 333 downregulated mRNAs in KOA patients compared to Ctrls. Next, enrichment analyses revealed that DE lncRNAs were mainly enriched in biological processes, molecular functions, and signaling pathways related to inflammation and bone formation. In 100 KOA patients and 100 Ctrls, eight candidate lncRNAs were dysregulated in KOA patients compared to Ctrls, including lncRNA ABCF2P2, lncRNA RP13‐16H11.7, lncRNA CTC‐340A15.2, lncRNA RP4‐735C1.6, lncRNA RP11‐293G6‐B.8, lncRNA RP11‐1246C19.1, lncRNA RP11‐303E16.6, and lncRNA RP5‐882C2.2. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed that these eight candidate lncRNAs presented with values for predicting KOA risk. Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression elucidated that six candidate lncRNAs could independently predict KOA risk.

Conclusion

We disclosed a landscape of circulating lncRNA expression profile in KOA patients, and discovered several specific lncRNAs which could assist in KOA management.
AICA‐ribosiduria due to ATIC deficiency: Delineation of the phenotype with three novel cases, and long‐term update on the first case
Authors: Ramond Francis , Rio Marlène , Héron Bénédicte , Imbard Apolline , Marie Sandrine , Billiemaz Kareen , Denommé‐Pichon Anne‐Sophie , Kuentz Paul , Ceballos Irène , Piraud Monique , Vincent Marie‐Françoise , Touraine Renaud
Published: June 2020

5‐Amino‐4‐imidazolecarboxamide‐ribosiduria (AICA)‐ribosiduria is an exceedingly rare autosomal recessive condition resulting from the disruption of the bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein PURH (ATIC), which catalyzes the last two steps of de novo purine synthesis. It is characterized biochemically by the accumulation of AICA‐riboside in urine. AICA‐ribosiduria had been reported in only one individual, 15 years ago. In this article, we report three novel cases of AICA‐ribosiduria from two independent families, with two novel pathogenic variants in ATIC. We also provide a clinical update on the first patient. Based on the phenotypic features shared by these four patients, we define AICA‐ribosiduria as the syndromic association of severe‐to‐profound global neurodevelopmental impairment, severe visual impairment due to chorioretinal atrophy, ante‐postnatal growth impairment, and severe scoliosis. Dysmorphic features were observed in all four cases, especially neonatal/infancy coarse facies with upturned nose. Early‐onset epilepsy is frequent and can be pharmacoresistant. Less frequently observed features are aortic coarctation, chronic hepatic cytolysis, minor genital malformations, and nephrocalcinosis. Alteration of the transformylase activity of ATIC might result in a more severe impairment than the alteration of the cyclohydrolase activity. Data from literature points toward a cytotoxic mechanism of the accumulated AICA‐riboside.
Notch signaling at the crossroads of innate and adaptive immunity
Authors: Vanderbeck Ashley , Maillard Ivan
Published: June 2020

Notch signaling is an evolutionarily conserved cell-to-cell signaling pathway that regulates cellular differentiation and function across multiple tissue types and developmental stages. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of Notch signaling in mammalian innate and adaptive immunity. The importance of Notch signaling is pervasive throughout the immune system, as it elicits lineage and context-dependent effects in a wide repertoire of cells. Although regulation of binary cell fate decisions encompasses many of the functions first ascribed to Notch in the immune system, recent advances in the field have refined and expanded our view of the Notch pathway beyond this initial concept. From establishing T cell identity in the thymus to regulating mature T cell function in the periphery, the Notch pathway is an essential, recurring signal for the T cell lineage. Among B cells, Notch signaling is required for the development and maintenance of marginal zone B cells in the spleen. Emerging roles for Notch signaling in innate and innate-like lineages such as classical dendritic cells and innate lymphoid cells are likewise coming into view. Lastly, we speculate on the molecular underpinnings that shape the activity and versatility of the Notch pathway.
Ammunition Type and Shot Placement Determine Lead Fragmentation in Deer
Authors: Broadway Matthew S. , McCallen Emily B. , Caudell Joe , Stewart Chad M.
Published: June 2020

Lead remnants from spent ammunition introduce health risks to humans and wildlife that consume game harvested with firearms. Most current research has focused on effects of high‐velocity rifle bullets, whereas low‐velocity lead ammunition has received little attention. We examined whether fragmentation characteristics differed between 3 common low‐velocity ammunition types when shot into the thoracic cavity or shoulder of white‐tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) culled in Indiana, USA, from May–September of 2009. We shot and subsequently radiographed 43 deer to determine the number of fragments, fragment size, and distance traveled by individual fragments. We also radiographed deer post‐evisceration to determine the proportion of fragments available to humans and wildlife scavengers for consumption in muscle and visceral tissue, respectively. All radiographed deer had evidence of fragmentation, with a geometric mean of 13.1 (95% CI = 10.3, 16.8) fragments/deer. Most fragments (89%) were <5 mm from wound channels, and no fragment traveled beyond 205 mm from a wound channel. Fragments were often retained within the muscle tissue of deer with a geometric mean rate of 0.55 (95% CI = 0.48, 0.65). Muzzleloader bullet fragments were larger than those generated by rifled and sabot slugs, and sabot slug fragments had the shortest dispersal from wound channels. Shoulder‐shot placement and bone contact for all ammunition resulted in a greater number of fragments (P < 0.01). Shoulder‐shots also generated more small fragments and higher fragment retention in muscle tissue. The overall mean number of lead fragments detected across our ammunition treatments was less than previous studies. Our results indicate ammunition type and shot placement may be considerations for hunters wishing to limit their potential exposure to lead from harvested big game. Additionally, when compared to high‐velocity rifle bullets, significantly fewer lead fragments are made available to humans and wildlife that consume game harvested with low‐velocity ammunition types, such as those tested here. Complete elimination of lead ingestion by humans and wildlife, however, is only possible by using non‐toxic ammunition alternatives. © 2020 The Wildlife Society.
Low‐costlens antenna for5Gmulti‐beam communication
Authors: Garcia‐Marin Eduardo , Filipovic Dejan S. , Masa‐Campos Jose Luis , Sanchez‐Olivares Pablo
Published: June 2020

A planar dielectric lens has been designed for low‐cost multi‐beam antennas in the 26‐GHz band of 5G communications. The lens feeder is a stacked‐patch microstrip antenna with four input ports, thus permitting four independent high‐directivity radiation beams. Maximum steering of 25° can be attained, which a simulated gain over 18 dB for all scanning angles. The antenna has been implemented with low‐cost manufacturing techniques. The feeder is fabricated as a printed circuit board, while the lens is realized as a perforated 3D‐printed dielectric piece. Experimental results confirm the multi‐beam capability of the lens system, suggesting that the spillover efficiency can be improved in further works.