bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
First results of long-term follow-up of children in Russia after gene therapy for hereditary retinal dystrophies associated with biallelic mutations in the RPE65 gene
Authors: Neroev V. V. , Katargina L. A. , Kharlampidi M. P. , Kogoleva L. V. , Zolnikova I. V. , Ilyukhin P. A. , Denisova E. V. , Milash S. V. , Osipova N. A. , Kutsev S. I. , Polyakov A. V. , Zinchenko R. A. , Kadyshev V. V. , Bobrovskaya Yu. A.
Published: January 2024

Purpose: to evaluate the results of gene therapy by the recombinant adeno-associated viral vector voretigene neparvovec (VN) in children with follow-up periods of 1, 3, 6, and 12 months.

Material and methods. The study included 6 children (12 eyes) aged 5 to 15 with a confirmed biallelic mutation in the RPE65 gene, treated with VN (Luxturna, USA). Treatment efficacy was assessed by surveying which included questions on spatial orientation under various types of illumination, Goldman perimetry, microperimetry, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), electroretinogram (ERG), and visual evoked potentials (VEP). To assess the structure of the retina, the central retinal thickness (CRT) was evaluated by optical coherence tomography.

Results. All children showed subjective changes in visual perception, including improved orientation in the dark and twilight, and improved contrast. In one case, the child with initially low visual acuity showed improved visual fixation. In 4 patients out of 6 (8 eyes), an expansion of the visual fields was noted, including 2 cases who displayed significant expansion thereof. In 2 patients (4 eyes), the visual fields were not narrowed and remained so throughout the entire observation period. Mean light sensitivity of the retina in 3 patients and fixation indices in 1 patient improved significantly as shown by microperimetry. BCVA remained stable throughout the study or changed insignificantly. Initially, ERG could not be detected in 8 eyes, but after an VN injection, 6 eyes demonstrated a partial recovery at different times — from 1 to 12 months. An increase in the amplitude of the P1 component to pattern VEP and P2 component to flash VEP was observed in all patients, which indicates an enhanced activity in the projection of the visual cortex after the restoration of the visual cycle. No significant changes were revealed in CRT (p = 0.9). Complications and adverse events were noted in 9 eyes (75 %): chorioretinal dystrophy at the injection site in 3 patients (5 eyes), multifocal nummular dystrophy in 2 patients (4 eyes), local episcleritis in 1 eye, transient increase in intraocular pressure in 2 patients (3 eyes).

Conclusion. The results of a one-year post VN treatment follow-up of Russian patients with RPE65-associated inherited retinal disease demonstrate stabilization and improvement of visual functions, which is especially important for otherwise incurable patients with a progressive course of the disease.
A new method of surgical upper eyelid ptosis treatment
Authors: Filatova I. A. , Kondratyeva Yu. P. , Shemetov S. A. , Trefilova M. S.
Published: January 2024

Purpose: to develop a new method of surgical treatment of moderate upper eyelid ptosis.

Material and methods. 88 patients (106 eyes) aged 5–68 years (averagely 24.9 yrs), operated for moderate or severe upper eyelid ptosis, were divided into 3 groups depending on the degree of upper eyelid prolapse and levator function. Group I (43 patients, 47 eyes) had satisfactory mobility of the upper eyelid, its fold being smoothed or absent. Group II (15 patients, 15 eyes) had good mobility of the upper eyelid with a smoothed fold; this group was further divided into subgroups IIa and IIb depending on the technique of the operation. Group III (30 patients, 44 eyes) had low upper lid mobility (less than 4 mm) with no fold. Group I and subgroup IIa underwent a resection of the upper eyelid levator. In subgroup IIb, a new method was used: levatoroplasty with the formation of a levator duplicature. In group III, a suspension operation was performed to the frontalis muscle.

Results. In 10 cases (11 %), the results obtained by the new method of ptosis corrections were significantly better as compared to conventional resection: small edemas were resolved within a week, and the mobility of the upper eyelid levator was restored sooner.

Conclusion. The proposed technique showed good functional and cosmetic results, proved to be more sparing, retains all upper eyelid tissues and can be successfully used for moderate upper eyelid ptosis.
A scoping review of human pathogens detected in untreated human wastewater and sludge
Authors: Corrin Tricia , Rabeenthira Prakathesh , Young Kaitlin M. , Mathiyalagan Gajuna , Baumeister Austyn , Pussegoda Kusala , Waddell Lisa A.
Published: January 2024

Wastewater monitoring is an approach to identify the presence or abundance of pathogens within a population. The objective of this scoping review (ScR) was to identify and characterize research on human pathogens and antimicrobial resistance detected in untreated human wastewater and sludge. A search was conducted up to March 2023 and standard ScR methodology was followed. This ScR included 1,722 articles, of which 56.5% were published after the emergence of COVID-19. Viruses and bacteria were commonly investigated, while research on protozoa, helminths, and fungi was infrequent. Articles prior to 2019 were dominated by research on pathogens transmitted through fecal–oral or waterborne pathways, whereas more recent articles have explored the detection of pathogens transmitted through other pathways such as respiratory and vector-borne. There was variation in sampling, samples, and sample processing across studies. The current evidence suggests that wastewater monitoring could be applied to a range of pathogens as a public health tool to detect an emerging pathogen and understand the burden and spread of disease to inform decision-making. Further development and refinement of the methods to identify and interpret wastewater signals for different prioritized pathogens are needed to develop standards on when, why, and how to monitor effectively.
Zastosowanie komunikacyjnego modelu 4K w misji ewangelizacyjnej wobec młodego pokolenia
Authors: Cymanow-Sosin Klaudia
Published: January 2024

Media są takie, jacy są ludzie je tworzący, a jakość komunikacji jest odpowiednikiem relacji, jaką osoba żywi wobec drugiej lub całej społeczności. Niniejszy tekst ma charakter postulatywny, a celem opracowania jest przestawienie modelu komunikacji ewangelizacyjnej w Kościele w odniesieniu do ludzi młodych. Został on stworzony na bazie studiów literatury, analiz językowych i medialnych, prowadzonych wywiadów oraz badań empirycznych z użyciem neuronarzędzi. Zastosowanie metodologii analizy kontentu, mediometrii oraz postulatów krakowskiej szkoły personalizmu medialnego dało możliwość przygotowania funkcjonalnego narzędzia do badań nad językiem i komunikacją na poziomie akademickim, a praktykom pozwoli na zastosowanie zaproponowanych wyznaczników profesjonalnej komunikacji z młodymi w celu osiągnięcia zaplanowanych celów.
Zarządzanie komunikacją medialną w projekcie rewitalizacji instrumentarium organowego w kościele Mariackim w Krakowie
Authors: Raś Dariusz , Woźniak Marta , Prusak Anna
Published: January 2024

Komunikacja medialna stanowi współcześnie główny kanał przekazu informacji do zewnętrznych interesariuszy projektu.Celem artykułu jest analiza zewnętrznych przekazów medialnych pochodzących z różnych źródeł (prasa, radio, telewizja, portale internetowe) pod kątem ich sposobu reprezentacji projektu rewitalizacji organów w kościele Mariackim w Krakowie. Projekt realizowany był w latach 2015-2022 i polegał na przebudowie i konserwacji instrumentarium bazyliki, oraz na odnowieniu i konserwacji otaczającej je przestrzeni za organami w prezbiterium oraz na głównym chórze muzycznym. Pozyskane materiały źródłowe (przekazy medialne) zostały poddane analizie treści zarówno pod względem ilościowym, jak i jakościowym. Wnioski z badań pozwoliły na dokonanie oceny komunikatów medialnych, co będzie przydatne w planowaniu działań komunikacyjnych w innych projektach.
Predictive Factor of Tumor Aggressiveness in Patients with Extrahepatic
Cholangiocarcinoma Based on Diffusion-weighted MRI
Authors: Huang Xinqiao , Shu Jian , Wang Jianmei
Published: January 2024

Background::

Extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC), an exceedingly malignant neoplasm, often eludes early detection, culminating in a dire prognosis.
Accurate cancer staging systems and pathological differentiation are designed to guide adjuvant interventions and predict postoperative prognoses

Objective::

This study sought to investigate the predictive capacity of DW-MRI in discerning T stages, lymph node metastasis, and pathological differentiation
grades in patients with EHCC.

Methods::

Eighty-five patients were pathologically diagnosed with EHCC who underwent abdominal MRI within two weeks before surgery at our hospital
from Aug 2011 to Aug 2021. Tumor axial maximum area (AMA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values for diverse T stages, N stages,
and differentiation grades were retrospectively analyzed.

Results::

The Mann-Whitney U test displayed significantly higher lesion AMA values (P =0.006) and lower tumor ADC values (P = 0.001) in the nodepositive
group (median ADC and AMA value: 1.220×10-3 mm2/s, 82.231 mm2) than in the node-negative group (median ADC and AMA value:
1.316×10-3 mm2/s, 51.174 mm2). A tumor ADC value<1.249×10-3 mm2/s from the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC=0.725, P=0.001)
exhibited the capability to predict node-positive EHCC with a sensitivity of 64.29%, and specificity of 73.68%. Furthermore, a progressive
decrease in the degree of EHCC differentiation was associated with a reduction in the tumor ADC value (P=0.000).

Conclusion::

The N stage and differentiation of EHCC can be evaluated non-invasively using diffusion-weighted MRI.
Standard operating procedure planning product marketing with participatory ergonomic approach principles
Authors: Kasiani Kasiani , Yusuf M. , Sarjana I Made , Kencanawati Anak Agung Ayu Mirah , Marheni Lily , Masih Ni Ketut
Published: January 2024

Candikuning II is part of Baturiti District as a tourism village better known as Bedugul, Bali, Indonesia, and what is no less noteworthy is a range of chips produced by MSME groups as mementos after touring, such as Chips: Spinach; Bean; Tempeh. The goal of this study is to create a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for Product Marketing by adopting participatory ergonomic concepts from MSME members. Data collection techniques use observation, documentation, interviews, and Focus Discussion Group. Data analysis techniques using techniques developed by Miles & Huberman, namely analysis including data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing/verification. The result of this study is the design of Product Marketing SOP by incorporating participatory principles. The conclusion of the study shows that the design of this marketing SOP is considered effective and easy to understand in marketing production products in household industries in Candikuning II Village, Tabanan, Bali.
The Relationship Between Mothers’ Characteristics and Mothers’ Level of Knowledge About Children’s Diet in Overweight Children With A Risk of Diabetes Mellitus in An Elementary School in Tangerang
Authors: Tehuajo Aunike Paquita , Leviana Rachel Aprilia , Damayanti Yoela , Arkianti Maria Maxmila Yoche , Fangidae Erniyati
Published: January 2024

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a disease characterized by high blood sugar levels that could occur in school-age children. One of the risk factors of DM is being overweight, which is influenced by an unbalanced diet. Good knowledge of mothers in providing good nutritional intake to overweight children can reduce the risk of DM in children. This study aims to identify the relationship between mothers’ characteristics (age, occupation, education level, exposure to information from mass media, and family history of DM) and mothers’ level of knowledge about the diet of overweight children with the risk of DM in children aged 6-12 years in an elementary school in Tangerang. This study used a descriptive quantitative method with univariate and bivariate analysis. A purposive sampling of 31 mothers with overweight children was involved. The research instrument was a questionnaire measuring the mothers' level of knowledge about the diet of overweight children with a risk of DM. The results showed that only education level revealed a relationship with mothers’ level of knowledge (p-value <0.05), while other characteristics indicated no relationship (p-value > 0.05). Increasing mothers ‘knowledge about healthy diets for children can be obtained from formal education, but non-formal education also plays an important role. Schools can reach out to health units to provide health education about the diet of school-age children and provide a clean and healthy canteen. Further research should identify other factors influencing the mother's knowledge level.
Phenomenology Study of Self Concept And Adaptation of Covid-19 Re-Infection Patient at Work Area of Binong Public Health Care Curug Sub District Tangerang
Authors: Artharini Moody , Suprapti Fitriana , Kusumaningsih Chatarina Indriati
Published: January 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic and recurrent infections are ongoing worldwide, including Indonesia. Physical issues often occur with fever, nausea, cough, flu, diarrhoea, and body aches. The psychological issues that occur are anxiety, fear of death, worry about losing a job, and stigma from society. Repeated infection with COVID-19 can cause disturbances in self-concept, including self-identity, self-image, role performance, self-esteem, and adaptation. The study aimed to explore the self-concept and adaptation of patients with recurrent infection with COVID-19 in the work area of the Binong Health Center, Curug District, Tangerang Regency. The research design is descriptive phenomenology, with an in-depth interview technique of 15 participants using the Colaizzi method. The research results in the aspect of self-concept explored four (4) themes, namely 1). Age and gender affect the concern, which uses traditional herbal alternatives. 2) changes in body image do not cause concern, 3). awareness to limit roles in order to prevent transmission, 4). good self-health can increase self-esteem. The adaptation aspect found that the ability to adapt physically and psychologically speeds up the healing process of the disease. The study concludes that self-concept is not disturbed but feels worried when exposed to COVID-19 again. In the aspect of adaptation, it finds the need to balance physical, psychological, and spiritual conditions. Recommendations for further research to conduct qualitative research with Focus Group Discussion (FGD) regarding self-concept and adaptation of patients re-infected with COVID-19 for the third time.
Effectiveness of Citrullus vulgaris rubrum and Solanum lycopersicum Juices on Reducing Blood Pressure in Hypertension Patients Aged 26-45 Years
Authors: Setianingsih Nur Tias , Rachmawati Kurnia , Nasution Tina Handayani
Published: January 2024

Hypertension is the second most common disease in the world, and the majority of those who suffer from it are adults. This study seeks interventions for lowering the prevalence of hypertension in the elderly and controlling blood pressure. This study compared the effects of tomato juice and watermelon juice in decreasing blood pressure in hypertensive patients at UPT Puskesmas Karang Intan 2 between the ages of 26 and 45, South Kalimantan. With pretest and post-test groups, this study used a quasi-experimental design. Thirty-two respondents were divided into intervention group 1 (watermelon juice) and intervention group 2 (tomato juice). Respondents were chosen based on research criteria and given interventions for five days. The Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests were used to analyze the data. Watermelon juice and tomato juice had the same effect in lowering blood pressure in hypertensive patients aged 26 and 45 (p=0.102, =0.05). It implies that they were equally effective at lowering blood pressure because they contain the same beneficial substances in controlling blood pressure, such as potassium and citrulline.
The Effect of The Combination of Slow Deep Breathing and Humming on Improving Oxygen Saturation of Inpatients With Pneumonia at RSUD Jayapura
Authors: Jufuwai Susana , Prabawati Dewi , Tjitra Emiliana
Published: January 2024

Pneumonia is an infectious disease affecting the lower respiratory tract with signs and symptoms such as coughing and shortness of breath. Pneumonia cases in Indonesia are estimated to have 4 million deaths due to pneumonia every year. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Slow, Deep Breathing and Humming techniques on changes in oxygen saturation in pneumonia patients at Jayapura Regional Hospital. This quantitative research uses a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test approach without a control group design. The sample consisted of 30 subjects who were given a slow deep breathing technique intervention of 5 cycles in 15 minutes and humming four cycles in 10 minutes, done once daily for six days. The instruments in the research used the Pulse Oximetry tool. The sampling technique used nonprobability sampling with total sampling. The results showed a difference in SpO2 values before and after the Slow, Deep Breathing, and Humming intervention was carried out in subjects with pneumonia with a p= 0.001 (p < 0.05). It can be interpreted that the Hypothesis (Ha1) is accepted so that it can be concluded that the slow, deep breathing and humming interventions can help improve Sp02. There is a need for further research on nurses' complementary therapy in oxygenation management, where this exercise is one of the nurse's interventions in overcoming decreased SpO2 in pneumonia patients.
Self-Efficacy Weight Management and Family Support on Risk Factors of Prediabetes Patient
Authors: Martines Krisna Rina , Prabawati Dewi , Supardi Sudibyo
Published: January 2024

The shift in the pattern of non-communicable diseases to a younger age makes prediabetes undetected and tends to be ignored. Monitoring weight is an essential behavior for individuals to reduce the risk of obesity as a predictor of prediabetes. In addition, family support plays a crucial role in maintaining each individual's health in deciding his lifestyle. This study aimed to determine the relationship between self-efficacy weight management (SEWM) and family support on risk factors for prediabetes at the Community Health Center, Batam. The research design is a descriptive correlation with the cross-sectional approach. Fifty respondents were chosen using a purposive sampling technique based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Instrument of INA-PRISC questionnaire, Weight Efficacy Lifestyle Short Form Questionnaire, and Perceived Social Support from Family (PSS- Fa) utilized in this study. Based on univariate results, the majority of respondents aged 26-35 years (30%), female (68%), higher education background (78%), obesity (>25) (80%), had a family history of DM (60%), not smoking (70%), physical activity <150 minutes/week (94%), hypertension >160/100 mmHg (44%), moderate risk of prediabetes (48%), low SEWM (70%), and good family support (38%). A bivariate statistical test using Kendall's Tau B revealed there was a significant relationship between SEWM (< 0.05) and family support for risk factors for prediabetes (< 0.05). It is suggested that respondents increase self-awareness in the early detection of prediabetes risk and the family's active role in assisting family members in starting an active and healthy lifestyle.
Relationship of Third Trimester Primigravida Mothers’ Anxiety With Psychosocial Preparedness In Facing Delivery At Kombos Public Health Center at Manado City, North Sulawesi Province
Authors: Surati Juolanda Kristin , Ake Julianus , Tiwatu Filia Veronica
Published: January 2024

Anxiety is a type of feeling felt by pregnant mothers, especially in the third trimester of primigravida, due to lack of pregnancy and delivery experience. If it was not intervened, that anxiety could affect the psychosocial preparedness of third-trimester primigravida mothers in facing delivery. This research aimed to determine the relationship of third-trimester primigravida mothers' anxiety with psychosocial preparedness in facing delivery at Kombos Public Health Center, Manado City, North Sulawesi Province. This research was quantitative with a correlational descriptive design by cross-sectional approach. This research was conducted at Kombos Public Health Care Center, Manado City, North Sulawesi Province; the sample was collected using a purposive sampling technique with n = 33 samples based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. This research used a non-parametric statistical test, the Spearman correlation test. There was a significant relationship between third-trimester primigravida mothers’ anxiety with psychosocial preparedness in facing delivery with obtained r-coefficient value of 0.493, which showed a reasonably strong relationship correlation with a p-value of 0.004 that was lesser than alpha significant value < 0.05. There was a significant relationship between third-trimester primigravida mothers’ anxiety and psychosocial preparedness in facing delivery at Kombos Public Health Center, Manado City, North Sulawesi Province.
De Hohenzollern in de beklaagdenbank. De verloren zaak van de Pruisische dynastie na 1918
Authors: Lantink Frans Willem
Published: January 2024

Review of: Stephan Malinowski, Die Hohenzollern und die Nazis. Geschichte einer Kollaboration (Berlin: Propyläen/Ullstein, 2021, 752 pp, ill., reg.); Stephan Malinowski, De adel en de nazi’s. De collaboratie van de Duitse keizerlijke familie, vert. Gerrit Bussink en Izaak Hilhorst, met een voorwoord door Beatrice de Graaf (Amsterdam: Nieuw Amsterdam, 2022, 624 pp., ill. reg.).
Doxing in Australia: A Practitioner's Perspective
Authors: Crompton Malcolm
Published: January 2024

This article provides a response to Åste Corbridge’s article entitled ‘Responding to Doxing in Australia: Towards a Right to Informational Self-determination’ and considers the solutions to the problems of doxing suggested in that article. It also considers whether Australia’s privacy laws need further reform and whether Europe’s General Data Protection Regulation would provide an appropriate model for a solution in Australia. It concludes that for any change to the law to have an impact, it must not only be complemented by social leadership and education, but must also be backed by enforcement and resources.
Informational Self-Determination and Freedom of Expression
Authors: Stone Jake
Published: January 2024

This article provides a response to the article in this volume entitled ‘Responding to Doxing in Australia: Towards a Right to Information Self-determination?’ by Åste Corbridge. It begins in Part I by considering some of the elements which might be included in a statutory tort of serious invasion of privacy modelled on the EU General Data Protection Regulations. Part II considers the legal protection currently afforded to freedom of expression in Australia. Part III argues that we should proceed with caution because the proposed elements have serious implications for freedom of expression.
Home-Sharing in South Australia: Protecting the Rights of Hosts, Guests, and Neighbours
Authors: Lazar Alex
Published: January 2024

Internet facilitated home-sharing services like Airbnb present new  challenges for South Australian law because they appear to create seemingly novel legal relationships. This article considers whether South Australian law adequately protects the rights of hosts, guests and neighbours who are affected by home-sharing agreements. It argues, first, that home-sharing is currently a legal activity and land use in most of South Australia; secondly, that the relationships between host and guest are capable of being recognised under residential tenancy and property law; and thirdly, that while current legislation protects home-sharing neighbours living in strata housing, the law of private nuisance is not capable of protecting the rest. This article concludes that the rights of the host and guest are capable of being recognised and regulated by existing domestic law; however, it suggests that local councils should set up home-sharing complaints systems to protect neighbours.
Regulating Home-Sharing in South Australia: A Response to Lazar
Authors: Shute Victoria
Published: January 2024

This commentary responds to Alex Lazar’s article in this volume entitled ‘Home-Sharing in South Australia: Protecting the Rights of Hosts, Guests, and Neighbours’. It concurs with two conclusions reached by Lazar: first, that there is adequate legal protection for hosts and their guests, and therefore no present need for reform in this area; and secondly, that there are few remedies available to neighbours who are affected by home-sharing, which is a problem that may require greater council oversight. Part I discusses home-sharing as a land use by reference to the Development Act 1993 (SA) and Development Regulations 2008 (SA). Part II then proffers some suggestions on how home-sharing could be regulated under the Planning, Development and Infrastructure Act 2016 (SA) or the Local Nuisance and Litter Control Act 2016 (SA).
Evaluating Australia's New Anti-Piracy Website Blocking Laws
Authors: Tyson Patrick
Published: January 2024

In an attempt to tackle the pervasive problem of online copyright infringement, the Federal Parliament of Australia inserted s 115A into the Copyright Act 1968 (Cth) in 2015. Section 115A essentially permits the Federal Court of Australia to order an Internet Service Provider to block access to an overseas website that has the primary purpose of infringing, or facilitating the infringement of, copyright. This article provides readers with an in-depth summary of the origins, legal context and scope of s 115A followed by an analysis of the way that it has been applied in the four cases to date. It also considers the accuracy of the two main criticisms of s 115A — that it can be too easily circumvented and that it is an improper substitute for the improved delivery of licensed copyright material to Australian consumers. It argues that copyright owners, rather than ISPs, will likely have to bear the costs of any injunction granted under s 115A and that the Federal Court of Australia has been alert to the need to balance a variety of interests in website blocking applications. This article concludes that although some criticisms of s 115A are justified, website blocking still has a legitimate role in reducing online copyright infringement in Australia.
THE NEED FOR AUSTRALIAN CRIMINAL LAW REFORM TO PROTECT ELDERLY AUSTRALIANS AGAINST ABUSE
Authors: Hutchens Vanessa
Published: January 2024

The Australian Bureau of Statistics have reported that Australia’s population is ageing at

an incremental rate, and a recent National Prevalence Study into elder abuse found that a

significant proportion of those older Australians are experiencing abuse. While it is

important to recognise that older people are not inherently vulnerable, it is equally

important to acknowledge the fact that many instances of abuse are falling through the

cracks. Older people with distinct vulnerabilities, are at particular risk, and it is the right

of every older Australian to age with dignity, respect, and to be afforded adequate protection

from abuse. Despite the existence of criminal laws applicable to abuses including physical,

social, psychological, and financial, very few matters relating to abuse of older people are

prosecuted.

This paper provides an overview of the legal framework in which abuse of older adults

currently operates in Australia. It proposes that discrete criminal offences should be

introduced to protect older adults who are reliant on others for their care, and who have a

distinct vulnerability.
THE DUTY TO CARE: PROGRESSIVE JUDICIAL INTERPRETATION OF THE DIRECTORS’ DUTY OF CARE AND DILIGENCE
Authors: Simson Tara
Published: January 2024

This paper focuses on the current role of director obligations in respect of the dual public and private nature of the statutory duty of care and diligence. A discussion on the history and development of the duty will be undertaken to assist in explaining the current state and scope of directors’ obligations. The appropriateness of penalties imposed on directors who breach the duty of care and diligence is another relevant aspect that will be analysed, especially in light of recent judgments which have clarified the extent of the duty.
A Toolkit for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Parliamentary Public Engagement
Authors: Moulds Sarah
Published: January 2024

There is a growing acceptance among Australian parliaments that enhancing the quality and diversity of engagement between the public and Australian parliaments is essential to preserving trust in democratic institutions and managing community expectations of transparency and accountability for parliamentary lawmaking and government decision-making. In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, digital engagement techniques became increasingly attractive to parliaments with the potential to improve both the quality and efficiency of public engagement in lawmaking, savings, and possible improvements in democratic participation.  To capitalise on these potential benefits, and to avoid any unjustifiable risks, parliaments must understand the importance of connecting the people to their parliaments and which practices and technologies could be used to improve the quality and diversity of public engagement with parliaments in Australia. Drawing upon insights shared during a series of international workshops on public engagement by the International Parliamentary Engagement Network (‘IPEN’), this article aims to describe the key ingredients for effective evaluation of public engagement by parliaments and share the toolkit developed by the IPEN workshops.
Climate Migration in the International and Domestic Regulation of Migration
Authors: Millar Alycia
Published: January 2024

As the number of climate migrants increase, the gaps in the law for protection of such people become more evident. This paper argues the current legal framework is not equipped to protect climate migrants, as attempts to categorise them into legal definitions of which they do not necessarily fit such as refugee, stateless persons or person eligible for complementary protection, have resulted in unintended consequences and complexity. By using the right to life as an objective criterion, this paper analyses the current regulation of climate migration in both international law and domestic law in Australia and New Zealand, drawing comparisons with the legislative approach of Pacific Island nations. It also considers the current scholarly perspectives in this field, before concluding that the most effective way of regulating climate migration is through binding regional agreements tailored to the needs of climate migrants in those regions.
A Comparison of Open and Closed Prison Systems: Can These Systems be Implemented in Australia?
Authors: Tieman-Koster Caitlin
Published: January 2024

This article examines the Norwegian prison system, which focuses on the rehabilitation of inmates and their reintegration into society, and whether this system can be implemented in Australia. It focuses on the individual experiences of inmates within open and closed Norwegian prison systems and highlights the differences and challenges they face. Open prisons aim to mimic community living by affording inmates greater freedoms. However, open prisons also introduce complexities such as confusion, anxiety, ambiguity, relative deprivation, and individual responsibility. Closed prisons, like the renowned Halden Prison, present different challenges which are similar to those in classic styles of prisons. Inmates within these two systems express mixed views about the rehabilitative effects they perceive the prison to have. The article also explores the social perceptions of punishment and how they influence the implementation of similar prison models in other countries. This analysis aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse on the effectiveness of various prison systems in reducing recidivism and promoting inmate rehabilitation across different societies.
Application of Short Video APP in Ideological Education of Undergraduates Majoring in Business Administration
Authors: Hu Zuncheng , Chen Hua , Lorenzo Lorenzo C.
Published: January 2024

As a new kind of media, short video APP is popular among young undergraduates, especially undergraduates majoring in business administration. The introduction of short video APP into the practice of ideological education of undergraduates is an inevitable requirement of the modernization of university education and an inevitable choice to comply with the requirements of the new era. The article adopts questionnaire survey of using the short video APP in ideological education of undergraduates majoring in business administration, analyzes the influences, the difficulties and the path choice of short video APP in ideological education of undergraduates majoring in business administration. It is helpful for universities to apply the short video APP to ideological education of undergraduates.
The ethnobotanical study of native plants of district Layyah
Authors: Naheed Rashda , Kazmi Syeda Fatima , Kanwal Hina
Published: January 2024

The current ethnobotanical survey described the medicinal plant use in Layyah city. Layyah has a diverse flora of medicinally significant plants that can be used in various medicines. Traditional plant-based medicine is the best option due to its low cost, effectiveness, and lack of side effects. For this survey, 87 people were chosen, including locals and Hakeems. Techniques such as questionnaires and interviews were used. In addition, information was gathered through fieldwork and group discussions. The use value, the relative frequency of citation, and the information consensus factor were used for data analysis. Fabaceae was declared the dominant family, with 33 species calculated from this survey. All plant parts, medicinal uses, and medicine dosages were observed. The leaves were the most commonly used plant part, and paste and juice were the most common preparation methods. Trees were more common in all plants than herbs and shrubs. Keywords: Ethnobotany, Medicinal Plants, Data collection, botanical characterization.
Breeding Approaches against Climate Change and Quality Enhancement in Vegetables
Authors: Khan Ali Hassan , Parveen Nusrat
Published: January 2024

The climate plays a significant role either directly or indirectly in crop production. Changing climate poses serious challenges to food safety and food security worldwide. Plant physiology is affected by this factor in vegetable production, and quality of the produce is changed by the various a biotic factor. Biotechnological interventions are the need of the day to produce enough quality food to feed the world's ever-increasing population. Conventional breeding is no doubt a significant sphere of agriculture for improving vegetable production; however, advanced approaches, like genetic engineering and molecular techniques for genetic improvement, can play a considerable role in mitigating the food shortage. Breeders may make great efforts to create varieties that can withstand great stress. The challenge is to produce varieties that can withstand high temperatures and low inputs, high rusticity, and biotic and abiotic stresses of climate change. Keywords: Climate change, abiotic and biotic stress, genetics improvement, conventional breeding, quality enhancement
Risk Assess: A Symptom-Based Disease Predictor
Authors: S Arun Kumar
Published: January 2024

Abstract: As of late, the medical care area has seen extraordinary changes through the joining of state of data collection. This study presents "Risk Assess", an imaginative web application fastidiously created with Flask. “Risk Assess” fills in as a complete stage, working with patient vitals for generating risk assessments. This python-based web application uses different Machine Learning models such as Classification and Regression (CART), Linear Support Vector Machine (SVM), Gaussian Naïve Bayes (NB), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) to analyze and build a model to predict if the given set of symptoms leads to a particular disease. Outstandingly, “Risk Assess” soothes out Cancer, Diabetes, Heart –Disease, Kidney-Disease and LiverDisease based prediction upgrading comfort and functional productivity. Our undertaking highlights a solid login page empowering clients to make novel qualifications utilizing their email addresses. By requiring a username and secret key attached to their email, we focus on both security and client comfort. This research paper contains working engineering, plan standards, and execution complexities, featuring the pivotal job of Machine Learning. “Risk Assess” epitomizes utilization of Python-based advances and Machine Learning, exhibiting the potential for predictions based on symptoms through creative computerized arrangements
A Study on Different Recognition Systems based on Kinect Sensor
Authors: Nair Arya J
Published: January 2024

Abstract: The Kinect is a motion-sensing gadget that lets us control a computer or gaming console without holding a controller. The influence of Kinect has spread well beyond the video game sector. The Kinect sensor is equipped with multiple innovative sensing modules. It is equipped with four microphones, an RBG camera, and a depth sensor to track body motion, recognize faces, and detect voices. The Kinect sensor's ability to offer depth and RGB-D visual data offers novel avenues in the field of artificial intelligence. The Kinect's adaptable capabilities in-depth perception, skeletal tracking, and voice input have been used for a wide range of interactive experiences, from gaming to healthcare, education, and more. To demonstrate the Kinect's versatility across several domains, the article explores how the technology has been incorporated into gesture recognition, facial recognition, gait, and even activity recognition.
Depresión en adultos mayores del municipio de Mochitlán, Guerrero (México)
Authors: Reyna-Avila Leticia , Peña-Marcial Elvia , Pérez-Cabañas Rodrigo , Lorenzo-Ángel Luz Areli , Molina-Machuca Diana , Aparicio-Tejeda José Martin
Published: January 2024

Introducción: La depresión en adultos mayores es un tema importante debido a que afecta de manera significativa la salud y calidad de vida. A medida que las personas envejecen, pueden experimentar cambios físicos, emocionales y sociales que los hacen más susceptibles a tener depresión. La Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) estima que entre 2015 y 2050 la población mundial mayor de 60 años pasará del 12% al 22% de padecer algún síntoma depresivo. Objetivo: Identificar la prevalencia y factores asociados a la depresión en adultos mayores del Municipio de Mochitlán, Guerrero. Materiales y métodos: Investigación mixta, cuantitativa con diseño transversal analítico, muestreo aleatorio simple en una población de 26 adultos mayores, se recabo información mediante una encuesta aplicada por los investigadores con opción múltiple utilizando un instrumento de cuatro apartados. Para el enfoque cualitativo se utilizó el método etnográfico, mediante una entrevista semiestructurada con 3 preguntas abiertas a un grupo focal de siete adultos mayores. Resultados: Se encontró depresión leve (38,46%), moderada (7,69%) y grave (3,85%). Los factores asociados fueron género femenino, tipo de trabajo; ingreso mensual. El análisis cualitativo mostro emociones positivas y negativas. Conclusiones: 50% de la población presento algún tipo de depresión.
The Montreux Convention After the Beginning of the Special Military Operation. Status Quo or Denunciation: Discourse of International Actors and Possible Geopolitical Implications for the Black Sea Region
Authors: Moskalenko Olga A. , Muradov Georgiy L. , Irkhin Aleksandr A. , Demeshko Nalalya E. , Nagornyak Kirill I.
Published: January 2024

The mode of operation of the Black Sea or Turkish straits is again becoming a matter of international discussion following the clash of two globalization projects: the American Greater Black Sea region and the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative, as well as Russia’s special military operation in Ukraine, which is primarily realized on the ground. Being the Black Sea straits a core object of international agreements between the World War I and the World War II, the Montreux Convention of 1936 secured the Black Sea from major naval clashes and accidents. The Convention, which is more than 85 years old, has the longest regime for regulating the passage of military and civilian ships through the Black Sea straits since 1783 and has reflected the geopolitical reality, in which the Black Sea littoral powers, which have been Türkiye and Russia for 240 years, have noticeable advantages over the navies of non-littoral powers. This provision contradicts the modern American aspirations to open the Black Sea region and the Black Sea - Caspian space for the military-political expansion of the United States and the coalition. The purpose of the article is to determine, on the basis of a discursive analysis, the goal-setting of the main geopolitical actors in relation to the Montreux Convention and to predict the possible transformations of the Black Sea region, which has become the center of a clash of interests of global and regional powers. The research methodology is based on the principles of systemic and interdisciplinary approaches to provide a combination of methods of political linguistics and geopolitical analysis and synthesis. The article examines the discourse of the leading actors of international relations around the Montreux Convention following the special military operation, which makes it possible to identify its transformations between the status quo or denunciation at the level of conceptual discussions. Türkiye traditionally balances between the interests of Russia and the West due to the role of a neutral “gatekeeper” of the straits, technologically applying Article 19 of the Convention, which so far fully meets the interests of Russia; while the USA shows a tendency to revise the Convention or circumvent it legally. Therefore, the Montreux Convention will remain at the center of public and real politics until the end of the formation of a new system of international relations that should ensure the stability of the development of the world for the next political era.
The Eastern Question in the Views of the Russian Liberals of the Early 20th Century
Authors: Arslanov Rafael A. , Kurylev Konstantin P. , Stanis Daria V.
Published: January 2024

The study deals with the attitude of Russian liberals of the early 20th century to the Eastern question, which occupied a special place in international politics and whose aggravation became one of the factors leading to the World War I. Various political forces in Russia developed their own variants of its solution, realizing that the fate not only of the country, but of the whole world largely depended on the projects they proposed. The analysis of the liberals’ ambiguous perception of the Russian government’s actions in the Balkans, their attitude to the South Slavs, to the problem of the Black Sea Straits, and to the confrontation between the great powers united in alliances, i.e. all aspects of the Eastern question, will allow us to reconstruct and understand the liberals’ understanding of the connection between foreign policy and Russia’s internal development, national interests, and ideological values. Looking at the views of the liberals of the early 20th century on the Eastern question reveals not only the peculiarities of its perception by the ruling elite and representatives of the legal opposition, but also the roots of the growing alienation of the country’s elite from the people. It was this alienation, which intensified during the war years and manifested itself, among other things, in the different perceptions of the importance of the Eastern question by the authorities, the liberals, and the people, that led to the fall of the first liberal Provisional Government in the spring of 1917. As a result, the people tired of the war and unable to understand the meaning of Russia’s struggle for foreign lands, came to support the Bolsheviks, who exposed the “imperialist plans” of the Provisional Government and advocated peace without annexations and contributions. The paper touches upon the problem of the liberals’ attitude not only to the government’s foreign policy, but also to Russian statehood, the conceptual reasons for their transition from a restrained peace-loving position and the desire to prevent war to its unconditional support. The authors identify the ideological and foreign policy factors that influenced this liberal transit. The main attention is paid to the understanding of representatives of various liberal movements of the Eastern question, which, without exaggeration, took a central place not only in their foreign policy program, but also in the project of internal transformations, which envisaged the creation of Great Russia as a result of its solution. The study identifies and analyzes the innovations introduced by the liberals in the interpretation of the Eastern question under the influence not only of the changing international situation, political and economic modernization of Russia, which was becoming a “Duma monarchy,” but also of the development of the ideology itself; the peculiarities of its perception by representatives of various liberal currents in the country are examined.
Türkiye’s Black Sea Policy for Energy Security
Authors: Celikpala Mitat , Tatlioglu Erman
Published: January 2024

Türkiye’s foreign policy has recently taken on a more autonomous trajectory, less directly tied to European Union (EU) or NATO policies. Notably, the Black Sea region stands out as an area where Türkiye has charted an independent and distinctive course. The Black Sea region’s growing importance underscores the need to define Türkiye’s policy that contributes to stability in the region. Recent conflicts involving Russia, Ukraine, and Georgia, as well as the interest of non-regional actors, have heightened the region’s security concerns and energy security risks. Understanding Türkiye’s role in this context is essential for international relations scholars, policymakers, and practitioners. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Cold War environment of military competition was replaced by an environment of cooperation and collaboration in the Black Sea region, combining political, economic, and cultural goals. However, the emerging conflicts between some littorals, such as Russia and Georgia in 2008 and Russia and Ukraine in 2014 and 2022, have caused a change in the perception of security and stability of the region. Thus, the interest of external actors in the Black Sea has increased and their attempts have begun to demonstrate a greater presence in the region. This has induced circumstances that increase the risk of conflict in the region and threaten energy security. Furthermore, the region has attracted the interest of non-littoral states, which has led to new challenges. In light of these developments, the authors seek to provide an objective examination of Türkiye’s Black Sea policy, emphasizing its growing significance within the region’s evolving dynamics and energy security concerns. In addition, the main pillars of Türkiye’s Black Sea policy under the principle of regional ownership will be discussed.