bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Reflexões sobre as redes sociais de suporte de mulheres que sofreram violência de gênero perpetrada por parceiro íntimo: considerações sobre a percepção do corpo e da sexualidade das mulheres
Authors: Ribeiro Nathália Belluzzi , Souza Camila Cristina Bortolozzo Ximenes de
Published: December 2022

Introdução: Tendo em vista a estrutura patriarcal da sociedade e as estratégias de controle dos corpos femininos utilizadas para a manutenção da mesma, entende-se que as violências de gênero repercutem no cotidiano das mulheres ressignificando os sentidos atribuídos a seus corpos e sexualidade, sendo importante considerar que tal ressignificação passa pela mediação das redes sociais de suporte das mulheres. Objetivo: Compreender a influência das redes sociais de suporte junto às mulheres que sofreram violência de gênero perpetrada por parceiro íntimo, no processo de percepção de si, do seu corpo e da sexualidade. Metodologia: Pesquisa qualitativa que se utilizou da análise de conteúdo para analisar entrevistas semiestruturadas virtuais com 5 jovens mulheres influenciadoras digitais. Resultados: Foram identificadas 3 categorias analíticas que gravitam sobre as ideias de uma culpabilização pela violência vivida; as marcas da violência sobre os corpos e a sexualidade das mulheres; e o papel das redes sociais e de suporte para a superação ou manutenção da violência. Conclusão: O papel da rede social desenvolve-se tanto no apoio, quanto na reafirmação das violências vividas. Essas violências impactam o corpo, a sexualidade, e o cotidiano das entrevistadas. Cabe ao terapeuta ocupacional pensar em estratégias para ressignificar a violência vivida, o sentido dos corpos e da sexualidade das mulheres.
Pesquisar coletivamente: deslocamentos sensíveis em tempos de distanciamento
Authors: Lima Elizabeth Maria Freire de Araújo , Inforsato Erika Alvarez , Buelau Renata Monteiro , Castro Eliane dias de , Valent Isabela Umbuzeiro , Silva Juliana Araújo
Published: December 2022

Em ondas de resiliência e devastação, projetos coletivos na interface arte e saúde foram desafiados pelos efeitos da pandemia de Covid-19. O Laboratório Pacto-USP acompanhou e interveio nesses efeitos, reativando sua história e inventando novas estratégias. Nesse artigo serão destacadas vivencias no bojo da pesquisa cartográfica “Deslocamentos sensíveis: inscrições públicas dos modos de existência de projetos coletivos na interface arte e saúde na cidade de São Paulo”. Como acolher esse acontecimento inesperado? Como uma vida coletiva poderia ser inventada e sustentada nessas circunstâncias? Como pensar, neste contexto, a equação entre conexão, exposição e reserva? Qual a responsabilidade desta pesquisa com a sustentação dessa rede e dessas vidas? Suspender a pesquisa não era uma opção. Era preciso acompanhar, intervir, cuidar, estar junto. Pensar como as ferramentas digitais poderiam favorecer e o que interditariam dos encontros possíveis. A pesquisa foi mantida em composição com esses atravessamentos, registrados em escritos e imagens, tecendo uma cartografia do processo. A importância de reportar esse período da experiência advém do reconhecimento das artes e tecnologias de interação que emergiram do desafio de seguir em propósitos ético-políticos de pesquisar coletivamente.
Práticas colaborativas em saúde envolvendo o terapeuta ocupacional residente em uma enfermaria de clínica médica
Authors: Lima Rafaela Dias , Toldrá Rosé Colom , Batista Marina Picazzio Perez , Almeida Maria Helena Morgani de
Published: December 2022

Residências multiprofissionais têm contribuído para o desenvolvimento de práticas colaborativas em saúde. Objetivo: Identificar práticas colaborativas em saúde, desenvolvidas em uma enfermaria de clínica médica de um hospital universitário, envolvendo residentes terapeutas ocupacionais e alguns fatores demográficos, funcionais e diagnóstico clínico, associados a essas práticas. Método: Estudo de natureza quantitativa, retrospectivo, transversal, de abordagem descritiva, realizado por meio de análise documental e testes de associação estatística. Foi utilizado Teste T para verificar diferença na média dos grupos contemplados ou não por práticas colaborativas e o Qui-Quadrado para verificar fatores associados a essas práticas. Resultados: Há diferença na média do grupo contemplado em relação ao grupo não contemplado por práticas colaborativas em saúde envolvendo residentes terapeutas ocupacionais (p-valor 0.000295) e associação entre funcionalidade e práticas colaborativas com profissionais da reabilitação (p=0.012). Ações com usuários são a principal prática colaborativa e na maioria dos casos essas práticas se desenvolveram com fisioterapeutas e fonoaudiólogos. Conclusão: A residência tem viabilizado práticas colaborativas no hospital, porém existem desafios para a prática do cuidado integral.
Transformações na vida cotidiana de famílias que adotam crianças maiores: o ponto de vista de pais e mães
Authors: Silva Ana Carolina Muller e , Almeida Marta Carvalho de
Published: December 2022

No Brasil, grande parte de crianças e adolescentes que são adotados estiveram acolhidos por medida protetiva em Serviços de Acolhimento Institucional (SAI). No processo de adoção, após as fases de aproximação gradual, filhos e pais passam a conviver em caráter definitivo e iniciam o processo de construção de um novo cotidiano, no qual atividades e interações já conhecidas sofrem transformações. O objetivo do estudo foi conhecer o  processo de desinstitucionalização por adoção sob o ponto de vista de pais e mães que adotaram crianças maiores de dois anos. Apoiou-se em referenciais que constituem a compreensão da vida cotidiana no âmbito da terapia ocupacional, sob uma perspectiva que a desnaturaliza, pondo à vista sua complexidade na constelação das interações humanas. Deu-se por meio de coleta e análise de entrevistas com pais e mães adotantes. Os resultados compuseram eixos temáticos reunindo perspectivas dos pais e indicando que: a) projeções sobre a futura vida cotidiana foram relevantes na definição do perfil dos filhos a serem adotados; b) experiências cotidianas dos filhos em SAI não lhes foram devidamente apresentadas previamente à fase de convivência definitiva; c) o processo de construção da parentalidade esteve essencialmente ligado à constituição de uma vida cotidiana comum, em família. É essencial oferecer atenção à centralidade da vida cotidiana em cenários nos quais se pretende construir vínculos e ambientes sociorelacionais estáveis e oportunos ao desenvolvimento de crianças e adolescentes.
João e Maria vão à escola: narrativas dos pais e educadores sobre a inclusão de crianças com deficiência no ensino regular
Authors: Rocha Eucenir Fredini , Macedo Fernanda Mariano de Moura , Souza Camila Cristina Bortolozzo Ximenes de
Published: December 2022

No Brasil, crianças com deficiência têm comumente seus direitos à educação violados. Ao serem impedidas de frequentar a escola regular, lhes é negada a participação em espaços formativos no âmbito pessoal, cognitivo, relacional e político, o que reforça, inclusive para a própria criança, uma lógica segregacionista. Aqui apresentam-se resultados parciais de uma pesquisa qualitativa exploratória analítica, que teve por campo uma escola regular do Município de São Paulo. Teve como objetivo compreender quais os impactos da entrada na escola regular de crianças com deficiência sobre o cotidiano destas crianças e sua família, detectando os sentidos do processo de escolarização. Os dados foram coletados utilizando-se: 1) entrevistas semiestruturadas com pais e educadores de duas crianças com deficiência escolhidos intencionalmente; 2) genogramas e ecomapas das crianças para compreender sua rede de relações. A análise dos dados ocorreu segundo método abordagem da estrutura. Apesar de existirem entraves à efetivação da inclusão escolar, como preconceitos e vivências de uma inclusão perversa, estar na escola regular trouxe ganhos relacionais às crianças com deficiência, organizou seus cotidianos, e possibilitou novos horizontes para as crianças e suas famílias.
Os sentidos atribuídos à deficiência pelos profissionais de saúde e o acesso das pessoas com deficiência aos serviços de saúde
Authors: Rocha Eucenir Fredini , Castiglioni Maria do Carmo , Sartorelli Maria Elizabeth , Lopes Maria Elisabete , Oliver Fatima Corrêa
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: O estudo analisa como os profissionais da rede pública de saúde de doze municípios do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil - atribuem sentidos à “deficiência”. Método: Foram realizadas 121 entrevistas semi-estruturadas, em 63 serviços. Os profissionais responderam a pergunta: Para você o que é deficiência/incapacidade? Os depoimentos foram organizados em núcleos temáticos e interpretados sob a perspectiva sócio histórica. Resultados: Constatou-se que predomina uma compreensão preconceituosa, assistencialista e paternalista sobre a deficiência. Observou-se nos depoimentos uma hesitação entre os sentidos atribuídos à deficiência e incapacidade, com abordagens reducionistas pautadas em paradigmas organicistas e/ou calcadas no senso comum. Não houve depoimentos que explicitassem conceitos de deficiência na perspectiva do modelo social de deficiência. Conclusão: É essencial que os serviços de saúde promovam espaços de reflexão entre profissionais sobre seus valores e sentidos que atribuem à deficiência e à prática assistencial, o que pode contribuir para a transformação cultural dos sentidos atribuídos ao fenômeno da deficiência e para o acesso aos bens de saúde.
Association Between Arterial Stiffness and New-Onset Heart Failure: The Kailuan Study
Authors: Zheng Hongwei , Wu Shouling , Liu Xiaokun , Qiu Guoyu , Chen Shuohua , Wu Yuntao , Li Junjuan , Yin Chunhui , Zhang Qi
Published: December 2022

Background:

Arterial stiffness (AS) was associated with heart failure (HF) in previous studies based on specific populations with small samples and the effects of age and blood pressure on AS were not taken into account. Whether AS was independently associated with new-onset HF in community dwellers has not been fully investigated to date.

Methods:

Individuals who participated in health evaluations and underwent synchronized brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) screening in 2010 to 2019 were included. They were free of HF and atrial fibrillation at baseline. The participants were allocated to 3 groups according to their baPWV values. Normal AS was defined as baPWV <1400 cm/s, borderline AS was defined as 1400≤baPWV<1800 cm/s, and elevated AS was defined as baPWV ≥1800 cm/s. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to calculate hazard ratios with 95% CIs of new-onset HF across different AS groups.

Results:

A total of 40 064 participants were enrolled with a mean age of 48.81±12.67 years. During a mean 5.53 years of follow-up, 411 participants developed HF. Compared with the normal AS group, the hazard ratio (95% CI) for incident HF was 1.97 (1.36–2.86) for the borderline AS group and 2.24 (1.49–3.38) for the elevated AS group in the multivariable-adjusted model. For each 1 SD (359 cm/s) increase in baPWV, the hazard ratio (95% CI) for new-onset HF was 1.10 (1.02–1.20).

Conclusions:

AS was positively associated with a higher risk of new-onset HF independently of traditional risk factors, with a dose-responsive effect.
Variant Location Is a Novel Risk Factor for Individuals With Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Due to a Desmoplakin (
DSP
) Truncating Variant
Authors: Hoorntje Edgar T. , Burns Charlotte , Marsili Luisa , Corden Ben , Parikh Victoria N. , te Meerman Gerard J. , Gray Belinda , Adiyaman Ahmet , Bagnall Richard D. , Barge-Schaapveld Daniela Q.C.M. , van den Berg Maarten P. , Bootsma Marianne , Bosman Laurens P. , Correnti Gemma , Duflou Johan , Eppinga Ruben N. , Fatkin Diane , Fietz Michael , Haan Eric , Jongbloed Jan D.H. , Hauer Arnaud D. , Lam Lien , van Lint Freyja H.M. , Lota Amrit , Marcelis Carlo , McCarthy Hugh J. , van Mil Anneke M. , Oldenburg Rogier A. , Pachter Nicholas , Planken R. Nils , Reuter Chloe , Semsarian Christopher , van der Smagt Jasper J. , Thompson Tina , Vohra Jitendra , Volders Paul G.A. , van Waning Jaap I. , Whiffin Nicola , van den Wijngaard Arthur , Amin Ahmad S. , Wilde Arthur A.M. , van Woerden Gijs , Yeates Laura , Zentner Dominica , Ashley Euan A. , Wheeler Matthew T. , Ware James S. , van Tintelen J. Peter , Ingles Jodie
Published: December 2022

Background:

Truncating variants in desmoplakin (
DSP
tv) are an important cause of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy; however the genetic architecture and genotype-specific risk factors are incompletely understood. We evaluated phenotype, risk factors for ventricular arrhythmias, and underlying genetics of
DSP
tv cardiomyopathy.

Methods:

Individuals with
DSP
tv and any cardiac phenotype, and their gene-positive family members were included from multiple international centers. Clinical data and family history information were collected. Event-free survival from ventricular arrhythmia was assessed. Variant location was compared between cases and controls, and literature review of reported
DSP
tv performed.

Results:

There were 98 probands and 72 family members (mean age at diagnosis 43±8 years, 59% women) with a
DSP
tv, of which 146 were considered clinically affected. Ventricular arrhythmia (sudden cardiac arrest, sustained ventricular tachycardia, appropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy) occurred in 56 (33%) individuals.
DSP
tv location and proband status were independent risk factors for ventricular arrhythmia. Further, gene region was important with variants in cases (cohort n=98; Clinvar n=167) more likely to occur in the regions resulting in nonsense mediated decay of both major
DSP
isoforms, compared with n=124 genome aggregation database control variants (148 [83.6%] versus 29 [16.4%];
P
<0.0001).

Conclusions:

In the largest series of individuals with
DSP
tv, we demonstrate that variant location is a novel risk factor for ventricular arrhythmia, can inform variant interpretation, and provide critical insights to allow for precision-based clinical management.
Vascular Cross‐Section, Rather Than Tortuosity, Can Classify First‐Pass Outcome of Mechanical Thrombectomy for Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Mousavi Janbeh Sarayi Seyyed Mostafa , Santo Briana A. , Waqas Muhammad , Monterio Andre , Veeturi Sricharan S. , Jenkins TaJania D. , Levy Elad I. , Siddiqui Adnan H. , Tutino Vincent M.
Published: December 2022

Background

Vascular geometry plays an important role in stroke thrombectomy outcomes, but few studies have examined complex characteristics of vessel morphology. The authors hypothesized that engineered vessel cross‐section features could be used to predict thrombectomy first‐pass effect (FPE).

Methods

The authors analyzed computed tomography angiography and noncontrast computed tomagraphy from 50 patients with anterior circulation stroke thrombectomy. After segmentation, traditional metrics (vessel tortuosity and angulation) were calculated from vessel centerlines that were transformed into the same coordinate system and same region of interest. Univariate statistical analysis and geometric morphometrics were used to interrogate differences in geometry between cases that did and did not achieve FPE, which classical angulation and tortuosity did not quantify. To describe these differences, complex cross‐section features were engineered and quantified using a semiautomatic pipeline. Machine learning was used to train predictive models of FPE based on significant cross‐section features.

Results

Only one local tortuosity metric was significantly different (
q
=0.019) between FPE and first‐pass failure cases. The most significant principal component score (
q
=0.012) from geometric morphometrics highlighted the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery and upper cavernous internal carotid artery variation as morphological indicators of first‐pass outcome. Fifteen cross‐section features, corresponding to internal carotid artery and middle cerebral artery regions, were significantly different between cases that did and did not achieve FPE. Predictive models exhibited a strong prediction of FPE (area under the curve=0.98±0.05) and outperformed models using traditional tortuosity and angulation features.

Conclusion

Cross‐section features are a novel class of powerful and interpretable predictors of FPE, which could assist in treatment decision‐making.
Legal Aspects of the EncroChat Operation: A Human Rights Perspective
Authors: Oerlemans J.J. , van Toor D.A.G.
Published: December 2022

In the EncroChat operation, French law enforcement authorities collected over 120 million messages from 60.000 EncroChat users. They cooperated with Dutch law enforcement authorities and Europol in a Joint Investigation Team. In the Netherlands, EncroChat data has already been used in over 200 criminal cases.

This article examines what lessons can be learned from the Dutch experience with the EncroChat operation from a human rights perspective, in particular the right to a fair trial.
Postprocessing of Ensemble Weather Forecast Using Decision Tree–Based Probabilistic Forecasting Methods
Authors: Benáček Patrik , Farda Aleš , Štěpánek Petr
Published: December 2022

Producing an accurate and calibrated probabilistic forecast has high social and economic value. Systematic errors or biases in the ensemble weather forecast can be corrected by postprocessing models whose development is an urgent challenge. Traditionally, the bias correction is done by employing linear regression models that estimate the conditional probability distribution of the forecast. Although this model framework works well, it is restricted to a prespecified model form that often relies on a limited set of predictors only. Most machine learning (ML) methods can tackle these problems with a point prediction, but only a few of them can be applied effectively in a probabilistic manner. The tree-based ML techniques, namely, natural gradient boosting (NGB), quantile random forests (QRF), and distributional regression forests (DRF), are used to adjust hourly 2-m temperature ensemble prediction at lead times of 1–10 days. The ensemble model output statistics (EMOS) and its boosting version are used as benchmark models. The model forecast is based on the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) for the Czech Republic domain. Two training periods 2015–18 and 2018 only were used to learn the models, and their prediction skill was evaluated in 2019. The results show that the QRF and NGB methods provide the best performance for 1–2-day forecasts, while the EMOS method outperforms other methods for 8–10-day forecasts. Key components to improving short-term forecasting are additional atmospheric/surface state predictors and the 4-yr training sample size.

Significance Statement

Machine learning methods have great potential and are beginning to be widely applied in meteorology in recent years. A new technique called natural gradient boosting (NGB) has been released and used in this paper to refine the probabilistic forecast of surface temperature. It was found that the NGB has better prediction skills than the traditional ensemble model output statistics in forecasting 1 and 2 days in advance. The NGB has similar prediction skills with lower computational demands compared to other advanced machine learning methods such as the quantile random forests. We showed a path to employ the NGB method in this task, which can be followed for refining other and more challenging meteorological variables such as wind speed or precipitation.
Investigating Wrist Joint Position Sense and Hand Functions in Children With Polyarticular Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis With Wrist Involvement
Authors: Duran Gozde , Bayraktar Deniz , Kalkan Aybuke Cansu , Turkucar Serkan , Makay Balahan , Unsal Sevket Erbil , Genc Arzu
Published: December 2022

Comparing the wrist joint position sense and hand functions between children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and healthy controls, and determining possible relationships between these parameters in children with JIA were the aims of this study. Twenty children with polyarticular JIA with wrist involvement (JIAWrist+), 20 children with other subtypes of JIA without wrist involvement (JIAWrist−), and 20 healthy controls were included. Wrist joint position sense was evaluated by measuring joint repositioning error. Hand functions were assessed by using the Purdue Pegboard test, hand grip strength, pinch strength, and Duruoz Hand Index. Joint position sense and hand functions were diminished in the JIAWrist+ group compared with healthy control group ( P < .05). Few moderate relationships were detected between hand functions and wrist joint position sense ( P < .05). Improving proprioceptive acuity by appropriate training methods may have a role in enhancing hand functions.
Creator, saviour, garburator: (Re)imagining the human role in the world through a case of food waste
Authors: Salonen Anna Sofia
Published: December 2022

The contemporary food system relies on a paradigm of human exceptionalism. But living well together with all forms of life would require that we imagine humans’ place in the world as embedded, not as separate. This study explores food waste as a case for how to reimagine humans’ place in the world. Drawing from individual and group interviews conducted in Canada and Finland, I trace the roles that ordinary people assign for themselves when talking about food waste. Humans see themselves as both creators of food waste and as saviours of food that is in danger of going to waste. These images uphold the division between humans and the nonhuman world. As a way of troubling these anthropocentric notions and re-embedding the human in the analysis in a way that transcends hierarchical subject positions, I identify a third role: that of the garburator. This role takes humans seriously as material, embodied, and eventually decomposing beings.
Caring for Organoids: Patient Personhood and the Ethics of Avoidance in Translational Cancer Research
Authors: Dam Mie S. , Green Sara
Published: December 2022

This article explores the daily practices in a Danish cancer laboratory, where researchers use “personal organoids” as new translational models in the development of personalized medicine. Grown from metastatic cancer tissue of life-threateningly ill patients, personal organoids enable patient-specific drug screenings that may directly shape clinical decision-making and individual patient lives. Hereby, laboratory researchers are confronted with the patient as a person urgently dependent on their research results. We follow how the development of these potentially lifesaving personal models are enabled by “avoidance practices,” through which researchers actively sever models’ connections to the patients as biographical persons. Yet, this separation does not completely disentangle the organoids from the patients. To highlight how alterity and distance can be constitutive of valued social relations, we bring feminist science and technology studies critiques of care into conversation with anthropological accounts of kinship and personhood in South Pacific societies. Our analysis builds on these literatures, unfolding opportunities for laboratory researchers to practice patient personhood through disconnection or an “ethic of avoidance.” Our researcher interlocutors care about cancer patients by caring for organoids and thus exceed the dichotomy between person and thing and enact the patients as biological–biographical persons.
Devolution and the difficulty of divergence: The development of adult social care policy in Wales
Authors: Tarrant Alison
Published: December 2022

This article examines adult social care policy in Wales. It argues that successive Welsh Governments have sought to develop policy which rejects the principles of marketisation and individualisation that have characterised the public sector policy of UK governments for decades, and upholds instead a distinctive set of socialist-inclined values. It assesses whether Welsh social care policy and legislation effectively diverge from the Westminster paradigm, and how Welsh Governments have dealt with the narrative of ‘personalisation’ which dominates social care discussion elsewhere in the UK. It finds that Welsh Governments have to date struggled to craft social care policies that incorporate their stated principles, explores the difficulties inherent in superimposing new principles on inherited policy narratives and mechanisms, and considers the implications for devolved policymaking.
A qualitative study on gender barriers to access cataract surgery in rural Gurugram, Haryana, India
Authors: Sharma Neeraj , Sharma Chetna , Sharma Ananya
Published: December 2022

This study aims to comprehend nuances of gender barriers to access cataract surgery in the rural population of Gurugram district, Haryana, India. Data from 100 male and 100 female cataract surgery patients who underwent surgery at the university-affiliated hospital’s department of ophthalmology were examined. Data on the patients’ ages, the better eye’s and operated eye’s visual acuity, the cataract’s maturity at the time of surgery and the type of cataract surgery chosen were examined. Visual impairment was defined when the better eye’s visual acuity was less than 6/18 (0.32). At the time of surgery, women had a serious visual impairment in the better eye and also opted for a less expensive surgery option. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were planned to understand the attitude, social norms and nuances of women’s accessibility to cataract surgery. This essay includes a qualitative investigation on access restrictions based on gender.
Laser beam welding of NiTinol sheets in butt joint arrangement and optimization of the process using desirability function analysis and metaheuristic techniques
Authors: Datta Susmita , Raza Mohammad Shahid , Das Amit Kumar , Saha Partha , Pratihar Dilip Kumar
Published: December 2022

Proper joining techniques of NiTinol, a widely used functional advanced material in many fields, would provide increased design flexibility among design engineers in terms of smart design for multifunctional systems. Laser welding is the widely utilized welding technique of NiTinol which can retain the superior characteristics of the material after welding. The effect of process parameters on the microstructure, mechanical properties, bead geometry, and new phase formation in butt welding configuration using fiber laser for a 2-mm thick NiTinol sheet was ascertained by this study. The scan speed, laser power, duty factor, frequency, and focal positions were used as input process variables, while microhardness and bead area were considered as output variables. Regression analysis was executed so as to create the input–output interactions. The optimization method was used with the goal of obtaining the smallest bead that met the condition of the bead having the least change in microhardness from the base material. The problem was devised as a constrained one and resolved using four metaheuristic techniques, such as Particle swarm optimization, Genetic algorithm, Jaya algorithm, and Bonobo Optimizer. The outcomes of these new procedures were also assessed using a traditional method called desirability function analysis. The results estimated utilizing all the different optimization techniques and the investigative data were established to be in excellent agreement.
Investigating institutional quality and carbon mitigation drive in Sub-Saharan Africa: Are growth levels, energy use, population, and industrialization consequential factors?
Authors: Appiah Michael , Li Mingxing , Onifade Stephen Taiwo , Gyamfi Bright Akwasi
Published: December 2022

In view of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals on clean and responsible energy consumption, climate change mitigation, and sustainable economic growth (UN-SDGs-7, 11–13), this study examines institutional quality (IQ)–carbon emissions nexus in the framework of the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. Six dimensions of IQ from the World Governance Indicators (WGIs) were used while focusing on Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries between 1996 and 2019. After controlling for growth, energy use, and industrialization levels, the empirical results validated the EKC hypothesis for the SSA as a unit increase in economic growth initially worsens the environment while further economic expansion eventually improves the environment. However, mixed results were obtained on the effects of IQ indicators. CO2 emissions are only substantially reduced by corruption control, regulatory quality, and the rule of law among other IQ measures. Furthermore, the causality analysis showed a unidirectional causality between growth and environmentally detrimental energy consumption levels coupled with a two-way emission-population growth causality flow as well as a two-way emissions—IQ causality channel. While economic growth, energy use, and industrialization levels undermine environmental sustainability in the SSA region via increased carbon emissions, the overall findings signal the moderating roles of IQ. Hence, the strengthening of institutions is recommended for environmental sustainability enhancement in the SSA region.
Representational work and ‘reverse order’ essentialism: Digitisation of local information in Thailand and Bhabha’s Third Space
Authors: Johansson Veronica , Nonthacumjane Pussadee
Published: December 2022

The Local Information Working Group (LIWG) of Thailand’s provincial university libraries holds main responsibility for digitising Thai local information (LI), a resource that shares many characteristics with what in other contexts is described as Indigenous and local knowledge (ILK). This study therefore explores how the digitisation activities of the LIWG correlate with claims of culturally responsive and responsible ILK representation, and how this work can be understood through the perspective of Bhabha’s Third Space. The study is based on interviews with 23 LIWG members, collected in 2016–2017. A guided, qualitative content analysis focused on uncovering themes of digitisation tools and methods with Third Space relevance as supporting or hindering essentialism, fixity and hybridity in LI representations. The findings illustrate that whereas the digitisation itself, field studies, language choices and outreach activities offer certain Third Space potential, this is underdeveloped and largely circumstantial. Third Space potentials are further likely to be restricted or hindered by uneven distribution of internet access, digital literacy, standard Thai proficiency and university/academic library accessibility among the Thai public in general and LI holders in particular. Overall, marginalised groups are excluded, and LI holders are positioned as passive contributors and recipients of digitised LI, suggesting a reversed sort of ‘self-essentialism’ on behalf of the dominant culture. In conclusion, two aspects in particular require further attention for libraries engaging with digitisation of ILK types of resources: the inclusion of national, societal level participation into participatory approaches; and the incorporation of functionalities for user interaction, holistic knowledge representation, multiple languages and cultural protocols into ICT for representation and use. The study provides a unique application of Third Space as analytical perspective on library digitisation of LI/ILK types of resources. Methodologically, the study is case specific, limited to a cross-section in time, and to data from interview accounts of LIWG members.
Shaping local information in Thailand: Hidden contradictions in the digitisation activities of the Provincial University Library Network (PULINET)
Authors: Nonthacumjane Pussadee , Johansson Veronica
Published: December 2022

Local information (LI) in Thailand covers resources related to Indigenous and local knowledge (ILK), and cultural heritage. Thailand’s provincial universities have the national responsibility of digitising LI, enforced through the Provincial University Library Network’s (PULINET’s) Local Information Working Group (LIWG). The aim of this study is to explore how the LIWG’s digitisation activities contribute to the shaping of LI as national concern and resource. Empirical data come from interviews with 23 LIWG professionals in 2016–2017. A qualitative content analysis is performed within an overall activity theory framework with emphasis on overt and unobtrosive manifestations of contradictions through a combination of Engeström’s and Blackler’s typologies. The results show that primary contradictions exist in the form of incompatible conceptions of LI between individual group members and the group’s consensus-oriented LI definition. Secondary contradictions emerge as incongruences between group members’ general conceptions of LI, and specific digitisation activities of the LIWG. In general, LI is conceptualised as dynamic, situated, collective, culture-nature integrated resources with strong applied-use value, in line with international ILK definitions and agendas. The actual LIWG activities, however, circumscribe this conception through a restricted focus on formal regional delimitations; prominent objects; societally desirable expressions; and an academic/research framing. Overall, the findings illustrate that the LIWG’s activities contribute to shape LI as a tool for national social and cultural unity that exclude marginalised groups and societally undesirable LI expressions. In these activities, the primary and secondary types of contradictions are hidden and counteracted, rather than used as constructive opportunities for learning, change, and development. The study provides a unique, internationally framed, perspective on LI and related digitisation activities in Thailand. Methodologically, the study is case specific, limited to a cross-section in time and to data from interview accounts of LIWG members.
Boiling the Frog Slowly: Reducing Resistance to Neoliberal Education Reform Through Window Dressing Strategies
Authors: Rubin Julia Sass , Danley Stephen
Published: December 2022

Increasingly partisan perceptions of neoliberal education reforms and resistance to such reforms from communities they negatively impact have created challenges for some neoliberal reformers. This article uses a case study of the state takeover and dramatic reshaping of the Camden, New Jersey school district to examine how some reformers have responded to those challenges. We find that Camden's state-appointed superintendents used multiple messaging and framing techniques to diffuse community resistance to unpopular policies. We refer to these techniques collectively as window dressing because they are intended to create a perception of movement away from neoliberalism without actually changing neoliberal policies. These strategies are intended to move public opinion and discourage resistance without having to fundamentally address critiques of neoliberal reform. We posit that neoliberal reformers are likely to expand their use of window dressing techniques in response to a growing rejection of neoliberal education policies, particularly by Democrats and progressives.
Romanticisation and monetisation of the digital nomad lifestyle: The role played by online narratives in shaping professional identity work
Authors: Bonneau Claudine , Aroles Jeremy , Estagnasié Claire
Published: December 2022

Some occupations are subject to more complex identity work processes than others. This rings true for those professional endeavours that are relatively poorly known and that cannot rely on institutions as a reference for identification, such as digital nomadism. Digital nomads can broadly be defined as professionals who embrace extreme forms of mobile work to combine their interest in travel with the possibility to work remotely. Building on a two-stage data collection process, this paper proposes a typology that characterises four archetypes of digital nomad lifestyle promoters’ narratives found online and show how these online narratives play a role in the process of identity work of other digital nomads. Our contributions are two-fold. First, we show that while the archetypes act as an important online identity regulatory force, they do so through dis-identification. Second, we explain how identity work for digital nomads involves evaluating discursively available subjectivities and propose a three-step reflexive process that entails (i) interpreting, (ii) dis-identifying and (iii) contextualising. We contend that our findings extend beyond the specific case of digital nomads and shed light onto the intricacies of work identity for ‘new’ occupations that are romanticised and monetised through social media and beyond.
Managing precarity at the intersection of individual and collective life: A Membership Categorisation Analysis of Tensions and Conflict in Identities within an Online Biosocial Community
Authors: Cheded Mohammed , Curry Niall , Gilchrist Alan , Hopkinson Gillian
Published: December 2022

This paper explores how individuals living within high-stakes precarious categories navigate their identity within online spaces. Using Membership Categorisation Analysis, we investigate how categorical inferences are indexed by those individuals within online biosocial communities in everyday speech, as part of their construction of identities. More specifically, we analyse online interactions of women who have been identified as carrying a BRCA gene mutation in an online biosocial community. Our findings show how (1) the online spaces participate in constituting and sustaining a form of collective responsibility, where those who are within a high-stakes precarious identity category are expected to not only support and educate each other, but also monitor the compliance to category predicates, and (2) the tensions and conflict in making sense of, belonging to, resisting and sustaining a category membership often occur when there are clashes with the socio-moral order. Overall, this paper’s contributions are twofold, first, methodologically, the use of Membership Categorisation Analysis provides an insightful analytic approach to identities, online communities and their organisation. Second, the emerging tensions identified provide insight into the complex ways in which online communities offer a forum in managing precarious identity as individual and collective life intersect.
Foundations of the Vanguard: the origins of leftist rebel groups
Authors: Stewart Megan A.
Published: December 2022

What explains the emergence of leftist rebel groups? I provide one explanation for their origins in colonized and recently decolonized countries during the Cold War. In this context, I argue that imperial assimilatory education programs terminating in the metropole facilitated the rise of a would-be rebel leadership cadre committed to leftist ideas and connected to leftist activists, and this cadre ultimately made the formation of a leftist rebel group more likely. Relying on archival and primary materials, I focus on variation in educational experiences of rebel leaders in Eritrea’s Independence War to qualitatively evaluate different explanations for the formation of groups with different ideologies. I probe generalizability quantitatively with a global sample of civil wars, as well as qualitatively with an overview of cases colonized by Portugal using archival data from three countries.
Towards inclusive international environmental communication scholarship: The role of Latin America
Authors: Takahashi Bruno
Published: December 2022

This article presents an overview of environmental communication scholarship about and from Latin America. It explores the main trends, developments, and characteristics of this scholarship, and the differences from and connections to scholarship developed in the Global North. Latin American researchers have developed robust and unique contributions to the understanding of communication processes about the environment, some of which can expand epistemic considerations that Global North researchers should consider. The article also reviews theoretical and methodological shortcomings that need to be recognized, some of which are tied to historic and political processes in the region. The article concludes with recommendations to overcome the challenges that scholars face, and to harness existing strengths that could result in the consolidation of international environmental communication scholarship.
Predictors and outcomes of first pass efficacy in posterior circulation strokes: Insights from STAR collaboration
Authors: Hafeez Muhammad U. , Essibayi Muhammed A. , Raper Daniel , Tanweer Omar , Sattur Mithun , Al-Kasab Sami , Burks Joshua , Townsend Robert , Alsbrook Diana , Dumont Travis , Park Min S. , Goyal Nitin , Arthur Adam S. , Maier Ilko , Mascitelli Justin , Starke Robert , Wolfe Stacey , Fargen Kyle , Spiotta Alejandro , Kan Peter T. ,   for the Stroke Thrombectomy and Aneurysm Registry (STAR) Collaborators
Published: December 2022

Background: First-pass efficacy (FPE) has been established as an important predictor of favorable functional outcomes after endovascular thrombectomy (ET) in anterior circulation strokes. In this retrospective cohort study, we investigate predictors and clinical outcomes of FPE in posterior circulation strokes (pcAIS). Methods: The Stroke Thrombectomy and Aneurysm Registry database was used to identify pcAIS patients who achieved FPE. Their baseline characteristics and outcomes were compared with the non-FPE group. The primary outcome was a 90-day modified Rankin Scale (mRS) of 0–3. Univariate (UVA) and multivariate (MVA) analyses were done to evaluate predictors of FPE. Safety outcomes included distal emboli, vessel rupture, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, and mortality. Results: Of 359 patients, 179 (50%) achieved FPE. Clot burden, occlusion site, and ET technique-related variables were similar between the two groups except for shorter procedure time with FPE. The primary outcome was significantly better with FPE (56.4% vs. 32.8%, p < 0.001). Complications were similar except for a higher rate of distal emboli in non-FPE group (11.1% vs. 3.2%, p = 0.032). Atrial fibrillation (Afib) had increased odds (aOR: 2.06, 95% CI; 1.24, 3.4, p = 0.005) and prior ischemic stroke had decreased odds (aOR: 0.524, 95% CI; 0.28, 0.97, p = 0.04) of FPE. Afib was the only independent predictor of FPE on MVA (1.94, 95% CI; 1.1, 3.43, p = 0.022). Conclusions: Higher rate of FPE in Afib-related pcAIS could possibly be explained by the differences in clot composition and degree of in-situ atherosclerotic disease burden. Future studies are warranted to explore the relationship of clot composition with ET outcomes.
Subsequent ischemic stroke and tobacco smoking: A secondary analysis of the POINT trial
Authors: Lang Adam Edward , de Havenon Adam , Mac Grory Brian , Henninger Nils , Shu Liqi , Furie Karen L. , Easton J Donald , Kim Anthony , Johnston S Claiborne , Yaghi Shadi
Published: December 2022

Background:

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of smoking status on subsequent stroke risk in patients with minor ischemic stroke or TIA and to determine whether smoking modifies the effect of clopidogrel-based DAPT on subsequent stroke risk.

Methods:

This was a post-hoc analysis of the Platelet Oriented Inhibition in New TIA and Minor Ischemic Stroke (POINT) trial, which had a 90-day follow-up period. We used multivariable Cox regression and subgroup interaction analysis to determine the effect of smoking on the risk of subsequent ischemic stroke and major hemorrhage, respectively.

Results:

Data from 4877 participants enrolled in the POINT trial were analyzed. Among these, 1004 were current smokers and 3873 were non-smokers at the time of index event. Smoking was associated with a non-significant trend toward an increased risk of subsequent ischemic stroke during follow up (adjusted HR, 1.31 (95% CI, 0.97–1.78), p = 0.076). The effect of clopidogrel on ischemic stroke did not differ between non-smokers (HR, 0.74 (95% CI, 0.56–0.98), p = 0.03) and smokers (HR, 0.63 (95% CI, 0.37–1.05), p = 0.078), p for interaction = 0.572. Similarly, the effect of clopidogrel on major hemorrhage did not differ between non-smokers (hazard ratio, 1.67 (95% CI, 0.40–7.00), p = 0.481) and smokers (HR, 2.59 (95% CI, 1.08–6.21), p = 0.032), p for interaction = 0.613.

Conclusions:

In this post-hoc analysis of the POINT trial we found that the effect of clopidogrel on reducing subsequent ischemic stroke as well as risk of major hemorrhage did not depend on smoking status, indicating that smokers benefit to a similar degree from DAPT as non-smokers.
Exploring the Gender Dimension in Financial Inclusion in India: Insights from the Global Findex Database
Authors: Sarkar Sanjukta , Nair Saritha , Rao M. Vishnu Vardhana
Published: December 2022

Despite great progress in recent years in improving access to formal financial services in developing countries, there is still significant access and usage disparity between men and women. We use individual-level data from the World Bank’s Global Findex 2017 database to investigate the differences in the use of accounts by men and women who are account holders and who save and borrow money formally to provide a comprehensive picture of individuals’ financial behaviour in India. Employing treatment effects estimations through the use of propensity scores, we find that although there is improvement in saving behaviour, borrowing behaviour as well as financial resilience among men and women who save and borrow formally as compared to those who do not, women lag significantly behind men in terms of the same. Thus, expanding women’s access to economic opportunity is critical to achieving gender equality in financial inclusion and unlocking the potential for economic empowerment and development. Our findings can aid in the formulation of policies that consider the unique requirements of women in order to increase financial inclusion and close the gender gap in India.
DNA polymerase theta protects leukemia cells from metabolic-induced DNA damage
Authors: Vekariya Umeshkumar , Toma Monika Maria , Nieborowska-Skorska Margaret , Le Bac Viet , Caron Marie-Christine , Kukuyan Anna-Mariya , Sullivan-Reed Katherine , Podszywalow-Bartnicka Paulina , Chitrala Kumaraswamy Naidu , Atkins Jessica , Drzewiecka Malgorzata , Feng Wanjuan , Chan Joe , Chatla Srinivas , Golovine Konstantin , Jelinek Jaroslav , Sliwinski Tomasz , Ghosh Jayashri , Matlawska-Wasowska Ksenia , Chandramouly Gurushankar , Nejati Reza , Wasik Mariusz A , Sykes Stephen , Piwocka Katarzyna , Hadzijusufovic Emir , Valent Peter , Pomerantz Richard T , Morton George , Childers Wayne , Zhao Huaqing , Paietta Elisabeth , Levine Ross L. , Tallman Martin S. , Fernandez Hugo , Litzow Mark R , Gupta Gaorav , Masson Jean-Yves , Skorski Tomasz
Published: December 2022

Leukemia cells accumulate DNA damage but altered DNA repair mechanisms protect them from apoptosis. We showed here that formaldehyde generated by serine/one-carbon cycle metabolism contributed to accumulation of toxic DNA-protein crosslinks (DPCs) in leukemia cells, especially in driver clones harboring oncogenic tyrosine kinases [OTKs: FLT3(ITD), JAK2(V617F), BCR/ABL1]. To counteract this effect, OTKs enhanced the expression of DNA polymerase theta (POLq) by ERK1/2 serine/threonine kinase-dependent inhibition of c-CBL E3 ligase-mediated ubiquitination of POLq and its proteasomal degradation. Overexpression of POLq in OTK-positive cells resulted in efficient repair of DPC-containing DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by POLq-mediated end-joining (TMEJ). Transforming activity of OTKs and other leukemia-inducing oncogenes, especially of those causing inhibition of BRCA1/2 -mediated homologous recombination (HR) with and without concomitant inhibition of DNA-PK -dependent non-homologous end-joining (D-NHEJ), was abrogated in Polq-/- murine bone marrow cells. Genetic and pharmacological targeting of POLq polymerase and helicase activities revealed that both activities are promising targets in leukemia cells. Moreover, OTK inhibitor or DPC-inducing drug etoposide enhanced anti-leukemia effect of POLq inhibitor (POLqi) in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, we demonstrated that POLq plays an essential role in protecting leukemia cells from metabolically induced toxic DNA lesions triggered by formaldehyde and that it can be targeted to achieve therapeutic effect.