bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fast determination and characterization of formation resistivity anisotropy, dip, and fracture using multicomponent induction data
Authors: Hou Junsheng , Donderici Burkay , Torres David , Quirein John
Published: June 2015

Multicomponent induction (MCI) logging measurements have been widely used in the past decade for determining formation resistivity anisotropy (horizontal and vertical resistivities: [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]), dip, and azimuth. Currently, almost all MCI processing and interpretation algorithms of determining [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], dip, and azimuth are based on simplified transversely isotropic (TI) formation models. In most geologic environments, formations are layered or laminated, making the TI model a reasonable assumption. Subsurface formations usually contain different types of fractures (natural or drilling-induced), and exhibit azimuthal resistivity anisotropy in the bedding plane, which leads to formation biaxial anisotropy (BA) in the same bedding plane. (This type of media is usually called orthorhombic or orthotropic in mechanical engineering and geomechanics.) Therefore, MCI data processing based on TI models may not be valid in complex BA formations caused by fractures. MCI processing and interpretation methods based on BA formation models are needed for more accurate descriptions of complex anisotropic formations. Fractures significantly affect fluid flow in formations, and therefore the fracture characterization with MCI logging can provide some useful information for oil/gas development and production, especially in unconventional reservoirs. We have developed a fast and practical integrated method of borehole multiarray MCI data processing for effective determination of formation BA anisotropy (or triaxial resistivities: [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]), dip, and azimuth. The multiple MCI data sets were further applied to fracture evaluation, and they were tested with synthetic and field log data sets. The method has the following components: the inversion algorithm based on the multiple BA models, a fracture identification function for detection of the fracture, and the corresponding approach for estimation of the fracture relative azimuth and dip angle. The application results demonstrated that accurate triaxial formation anisotropy and dip can be obtained based on the BA models compared with the TI processed logs. Furthermore, fractures can be characterized by integrating measurements and processed log data, such as the recovered horizontal resistivities [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], vertical resistivity [Formula: see text], and formation dips based on the BA and TI models.
Specular interferometric imaging of vertical seismic profile data
Authors: Huang Yunsong , He Ruiqing , Boonyasiriwat Chaiwoot , Luo Yi , Schuster Gerard
Published: June 2015

We introduce the concept of seminatural migration of multiples in vertical seismic profile (VSP) data, denoted as specular interferometric migration, in which part of the kernel is computed by ray tracing and the other part is obtained from the data. It has the advantage over standard migration of ghost reflections, in that the well statics are eliminated and the migration image is no more sensitive to velocity errors than migration of VSP primaries. Moreover, the VSP ghost image has significantly more subsurface illumination than the VSP primary image. The synthetic and field data results validate the effectiveness of this method.
“A STRONG BARBARIC Accent”: America's Dutch-Speaking BLACK COMMUNITY FROM Seventeenth-Century NEW NETHERLAND TO Nineteenth-Century NEW YORK AND NEW JERSEY
Authors: Dewulf Jeroen
Published: June 2015

Although it is estimated that as late as the mid-eighteenth century 16–20% of the slaves in New York and New Jersey spoke Dutch, very little research has been done on America's Dutch-speaking black community. Despite the paucity of sources, this article provides an overview of the importance of the Dutch language for the black community from the seventeenth-century colony of New Netherland to nineteenth-century New York and New Jersey. It also raises the question of whether Dutch-speaking blacks, in addition to whites, may have played a role in the transmission of Dutch linguistic elements into American English.
Audience-Modulated Variation in Online Social Media
Authors: Pavalanathan Umashanthi , Eisenstein Jacob
Published: June 2015

Stylistic variation in online social media writing is well attested: for example, geographical analysis of the social media service Twitter has replicated isoglosses for many known lexical variables from speech, while simultaneously revealing a wealth of new geographical lexical variables, including emoticons, phonetic spellings, and phrasal abbreviations. However, less is known about the social role of variation in online writing. This article examines online writing variation in the context of audience design, focusing on affordances offered by Twitter that allow users to modulate a message's intended audience. We find that the frequency of nonstandard lexical variables is inversely related to the size of the intended audience: as writers target smaller audiences, the frequency of lexical variables increases. In addition, these variables are more often used in messages that are addressed to individuals who are known to be geographically local. This phenomenon holds not only for geographically differentiated lexical variables, but also for nonstandard variables that are widely used throughout the United States. These findings suggest that users of social media are attuned to both the nature of their audience and the social meaning of lexical variation and that they customize their self-presentation accordingly.
MANAGING COMPLEX PROJECTS IN MULTINATIONAL ENTERPRISES
Authors: Battistuzzo Flávio Jorge Freire D Andrade , Piscopo (in memoriam) Marcos Roberto
Published: June 2015

The management of complex projects has received the attention of several scholars. It is considered a process that contributes to the future success of organizations and their businesses. Within this context, Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) have specific characteristics where the correct use of the concepts of managing complex projects is a critical factor. This study was developed to analyze how capital goods manufacturing MNEs manage complex projects in the segment of Complex Products and Systems (CoPS). Based on multiple case studies, the main techniques used by MNEs representative of this market segment have been assessed. MNEs in this market segment do have some organizational practices aligned with the concept of project complexity, but there is a distance between the academic and the industry.DOI:10.12660/joscmv8n1p57-71URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/joscmv8n1p57-71
Risk Management in the Supply Chain of the Brazilian automotive industry
Authors: Guedes Edson Júnior Gomes , Bittar Alexandre de Vicente , Di Serio Luiz Carlos , De Oliveira Luciel Henrique
Published: June 2015

With a growth scenario found in few places in the world, the Brazilian automotive market has become attractive, jumping from investments of about 1 billion dollar in 2005 to more than 5 billion dollars in 2012. This article has the objective to give a vision of the supply chain risk management in the Brazilian automotive industry through a case study, when samples of a strong (an automaker) and a weak (a second tier supplier) links were compared based on existing theory in order to understand their limits, variables and potential new findings. Secondary data generated by Sindipeças, ANFAVEA and national institutes were used in the context of the case study, as well as semi-structured interviews with executives and experts in risk management and supply chain areas of an automaker and a second tier supplier installed in BrazilDOI:10.12660/joscmv8n1p72-87URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.12660/joscmv8n1p72-87
Case Report: Severe acute respiratory distress by tracheal obstruction due to a congenital thyroid teratoma: a case report and literature review.
Authors: Colleti Junior Jose , Tannuri Uenis , Monti Lora Felipe , Armelin Benites Eliana Carla , Koga Walter , Honda Imamura Janete , Rute Moutinho Patricia , Brunow de Carvalho Werther
Published: June 2015

Congenital teratoma is a rare condition and is a germ cell tumor composed of elements from one or more of the embryonic germ layers and contain tissues usually foreign to the anatomic site of origin. We report a case of a neck tumor diagnosed during pregnancy, initially thought to be a goiter. After birth the neck mass kept growing until it compressed the trachea and produced respiratory failure. The infant had a difficult tracheal intubation because of the compressing mass. The staff decided to surgically remove the neck mass. After that, the infant became eupneic. The histological analysis showed a mature teratoma with no atypias.
RUSSIAN SPECIFICS OF FORMATION AND REALIZATION OF STATE YOUTH POLICY
Authors: Меркулов  , Merkulov Pavel , Орлова  , Orlova Valentina
Published: June 2015

The authors updated the problem of optimal integration of youth in social and political practice of Russian society. The article analyzes the political and legal aspects of the formation and implementation of state youth policy in Russia. Objective data of the regional level of legal regulation of state youth policy are provided. The author focuses on the issues of the development of the draft federal law "On state youth policy in the Russian Federation." The basic provisions are revealed, which, according to the authors, should be the basis of the concept of the draft law in modern Russia.
HISTORICAL CONSCIOUSNESS AND POLITICAL INCARNATION: UKRAINIAN SCENARIO
Authors: Багдасарян  , Bagdasaryan Vardan
Published: June 2015

The presented article analyzes the transformation of historical consciousness in modern Ukraine. The feedback factor of realized historical politics and the Ukrainian Revolution in 2014 is proved. Management of historical consciousness is defined as the most important factor in the formation of the political process. The problem of split of identities in Ukraine is considered through the prism of perception of the history. On the basis of the Ukrainian experience the threat of "color revolutions" in Russia is indicated while ignoring the issues related to the historical consciousness of Russians. The connection of world historiographical discourse and geopolitical challenges of our time is reconstructed.
REALIZATION OF CUSTOMS RELATIONS IN THE PRACTICE OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Гудилина  , Gudilina Ekaterina , Насонова  , Nasonova Galina
Published: June 2015

In the article the author analyzes the practice of the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation on matters related to the movement of goods and vehicles of international transport across the customs border; the legal positions are examined, developed by the Constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, applicable to the same legal provisions of the Customs Code of the Customs Union.
SOCIAL ENGINEERING IN THE FORMATION OF SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF COMMERCIAL BANKS
Authors: Иванова  , Ivanova Anna
Published: June 2015

In the article a commercial bank is considered as a social institution, and social planning as an effective mechanism for the formation and development of social responsibility of commercial banks. The author argues that social responsibility and problem-oriented strategic social engineering allows banks to act as a subject addressing local communities.
Aging Population, Retirement, and Risk Taking
Authors: Levy Haim
Published: June 2015

The increase in life expectancy spells disaster at retirement. One can solve this problem by investing in the maximum geometric mean (MGM) portfolio, which is empirically composed from equity. For a T = 30 year horizon or more, the MGM portfolio dominates other investment strategies by almost first-degree stochastic dominance. The MGM portfolio also maximizes the expected value of the commonly employed preferences and prospect theory value function, for various loss aversion parameters and various reference points, for T ≥ 10. Life-cycle funds would increase virtually all investors’ welfare by shifting to the MGM portfolio so long as the investment horizon is at least 10 years.

This paper was accepted by Amit Seru, finance.
Designing hypermuscular neo-aristocracy: Of kings, gangsters and muscles in Indian cinema, fashion and politics
Authors: Kuldova Tereza
Published: June 2015

The article investigates the recent rise of the hypermuscular gangster as a hero in Bollywood cinema, a rise that coincides with the revival of royal aesthetics both in film and fashion. It argues that this idealized muscular gangster, the ultimate self-made man and favourite neoliberal hero, reinforces the simultaneous revival of pre-imperial authoritarian kingly models that manifest themselves not only on the fashion ramp, but also in the rise of right wing politics. In order to shed some light on these relations, the article draws a parallel to the 80s revival of masculinity in the US under Ronald Reagan and the recent election of the muscular Narendra Modi as the Indian Prime Minister. Consequently, it shows that the heroic gangsters and aristocrats, the low class and the elite, belong not only to the same aesthetic regime, but are the most blatant symbols of current political and economic ideology as well.
Expertise and the Economies of Knowledge of Architectural Practice in the Islamic World since 1800
Authors: Christensen Peter
Published: June 2015

The editorial introduction to this special volume presents the theme of this collection of articles: ‘expertise’ in the architecture of the Islamic world since 1800. Taken together, these articles address how the processes of empire building, modernisation, statecraft and diplomacy – some of the most common themes of architecture in the nineteenth, twentieth and twenty-first centuries – have been contingent on a web of expertise defined by a rich and varied array of authors and contexts. These studies demonstrate that while European and later North American agents and paradigms of expertise left a strong, often forceful, imprint on the architecture of the Islamic world, a number of dynamic forces internal to Islamic tradition, from the practices of gardening to mosque design, from the mural to the master plan, consistently inflected these imprints. They turn our attention away from an obsession with agency and historiography towards the vicissitudes and specificity of historical and cultural context.
Drawing Knowledge, (Re-)Constructing History: Pascal Coste in Egypt
Authors: Troelenberg Eva-Maria
Published: June 2015

This article looks at the work of the French architect Pascal Coste in Egypt. Muhammad Ali hired him primarily as an expert for infrastructure projects in 1817. Over the course of several years spent in Egypt, Coste also studied the main medieval monuments, particularly in Cairo. These studies were related to his plans for two revivalist mosques in Cairo and Alexandria (which were never realized). They also resulted in the publication of his seminal work Architecture Arabe ou Monuments du Kaire. Employing a process-based reading of the architect’s drawings, I seek to revisit Coste’s work as an engineer and an historian of architecture in and for Egypt. I will look at the role of the expert as intellectual agent, assess the notion of drawing as a medium for the establishment of cross-cultural knowledge and relate these observations to his more technical and applied work as an engineer. Through a critical assessment of the limits and possibilities of this expert’s cross-cultural agency, the case study of Coste also aims to offer an exemplary perspective on the role of the Muslim Middle East and related notions of tradition within the narrative of a larger modern Mediterranean world.
A Bourguibist Mural in the New Monastir? Zoubeïr Turki’s Play on Knowledge, Power and Audience Perception
Authors: Gerschultz Jessica
Published: June 2015

Zoubeïr Turki, a prominent artist of the Ecole de Tunis, painted the mural La Procession des Mourabtines in the lobby of the Hôtel Ribat in Monastir, Tunisia in 1962. Its iconography, patronage and position in Monastir’s architectural landscape elucidate the contentious and hierarchical relationships of power underwriting the art and tourism industries during the decade of Tunisian socialism (1961–1969). In this mural, Turki portrayed former president Habib Bourguiba leading a chain of murabitun (volunteer warriors) from the city’s landmark Islamic monument, its eighth-century ribat (a coastal fortress with military and religious functions). The artist’s dual reference to Tunisia’s Islamic history and Bourguiba’s burgeoning cult of personality testify to his engagement with claims to religious expertise in a contested political economy. With its various subtexts and ambiguities, the mural invites an interrogation of expertise and power in three concentric domains: the reforms of Habib Bourguiba and his administrative elite, the infrastructure supporting the installation of decorative programmes in state-owned hotels, and the audience’s capacity to conceptualize the mural within the discursive framework of modernization.
Form Follows Faith: Swedish Architects, Expertise and New Religious Spaces in the Stockholm Suburbs
Authors: Mack Jennifer
Published: June 2015

In 2007, the City of Stockholm initiated the Järva Lift to remodel several ‘segregated’ suburbs, originally constructed during the state-sponsored ‘Million Programme’ (1965–1974). Recognizing the area’s large immigrant population, the Lift proposed several new mosques; Spridd’s Multicultural Centre, Johan Celsing’s Rinkeby Mosque and a new building for the Stockholm Large Mosque Organization with collaboration from Tengbom are now planned. Here, I explore how these projects travel, both across domains of design expertise and through the planning regimes of the Swedish capital. Many constituents have origins in Somalia, yet architects from countries like Kuwait and Saudi Arabia have been asked to submit sketches, and Swedish architects have ultimately been hired to create or reshape designs that appeal to the local planning bureaucracy. Intriguingly, all three Swedish firms – ranging from boutique to corporate – have never before designed a mosque. Clients request intricate façade details or distinct interior spaces for men and women, moves that are considered ‘un-Swedish’ for formal and social reasons respectively. In response, two mosques are described as merging Muslim and Scandinavian design traditions, and one architect proposes the eventual disappearance of a mobile panelling system designed to separate worshippers of different genders. Has bureaucratic expertise trumped the design knowledge that a more seasoned mosque architect might bring?
Bird Names and Folklore from the Emberá (Chocó) in Darién, Panamá
Authors: Kane Stephanie C.
Published: June 2015

This paper presents data on names and folklore of birds collected among native speakers of Emberá in the moist tropical forests of Darién, Panamá.  The naming data was collected by systematic elicitation of names from pictorial representations of birds.  It is organized here to facilitate analysis of various aspects of folk taxonomy in relation to scientific taxonomy.  Folklore about birds collected in natural contexts is also included to indicate the role of birds and their names in symbolic processes that exceed the limits of literal reference.
ACTH-ectopic syndrome in the patient with the primary site localized in the pancreas
Authors: Morugova T V , Ibragimova O Yu , Artamonova I V , Balkhiyarova Zh R , Kalinina M Yu
Published: June 2015

ACTH-ectopic syndrome in the patient with the primary site localized in the pancreas. A rare clinical case of ACTH-ectopic syndrome in the patient with the primary site localized in the pancreas is described.
Confocal retinal microscopy - the new non-invasive method for diagnostics of the early manifestations of the lesions in the peripheral nervous system associated with diabetes mellitus
Authors: Artemova E V , Galstyan G R , Atarshchikov D S , Malchugina A A , Dedov I I
Published: June 2015

There are presently no reliable methods for diagnostics of the early manifestations of the lesions in the peripheral nervous system. Only puncture biopsy of the skin and the nerves can be used at the preclinical stage. However, the application of these invasive methods is fraught with the risk of infectious complications. Confocal retinal microscopy is the new non-invasive morphometric technique that permits to reveal the early signs of the lesions in the peripheral nervous system and to study dynamics of the associated changes that can be used as a valid surrogate end point for the evaluation of the effectiveness of pharmacotherapy.
Potential predictors and the frequency of development of thyroid and gastrointestinal neoplasms in the patients presenting with acromegaly
Authors: Oleinik O V , Molitvoslovova N N
Published: June 2015

This paper reports the results of research designed to study the possible predictors and the frequency of development of neoplasms in the thyroid gland and the gastrointestinal tract in the patients presenting with acromegaly. Special attention is given to the role of IGF-1 and IRI in the formation of tumours in the aforementioned organs and systems and the dependence of the frequency of their development on the patients’ age and (25)OH)D level. The detailed description of the features of the revealed thyroid and gastrointestinal neoplasms is presented.
Cushing’s disease: the clinical features, diagnostics, differential diagnostics, and methods of treatment
Authors: Melnichenko G A , Dedov I I , Belaya Zh E , Rozhinskaya L Ya , Vagapova G R , Volkova N I , Grigor’ev A Yu , Grineva E N , Marova E I , Mkrtumayn A M , Trunin Yu Yu , Cherebillo V Yu
Published: June 2015

The present guidelines on diagnostics, differential diagnostics, and methods of treatment of Cushing’s disease have been developed by a group of Russian specialists.
The state of the blood antioxidant system in the patients presenting with acromegaly
Authors: Faassen M V , Pankratova M S , Molitvoslovova N N , Baizhumanov A A , Kovalenko S S , Yusipovich A I , Maksimov G V , Peterkova V A
Published: June 2015

The state of the blood antioxidant system in the patients presenting with acromegaly. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the total antioxidant activity (TAA) of blood plasma, the levels of non-protein thiols and 2-thyobarbituric acid-active products (TBA-AP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities as well as ceruloplasmin (CP) level in the patients presenting with acromegaly. It was shown that plasma TAA and SOD activity in this patients was on the average 20 and 30% lower respectively than in the control subjects. At the same time, the TBA-AP and CP levels increased by 50 and 40% respectively. These data suggest the development of oxidative stress in the acromegalic patients.
Extraction of RNA from tough tissues with high proteoglycan content by cryosection, second phase separation and high salt precipitation
Authors: T. Y. Lee Juliana , M. C. Cheung enneth , Y. L. Leung Victor
Published: June 2015

Reverse-transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) is a powerful technique for quantification of gene expression. Extraction of RNA directly from human and large animal intervertebral disc (IVD) tissue is technically challenging due to its tough nature, low cell-to-matrix ratio and high proteoglycan content. IVD is consisted of nucleus pulposus (NP) and annulus fibrosis (AF). We compared the yield and quality of RNA extracted from cultured cells using TRIzol and combined TRIzol-column method (TRIspin) with and without bovine NP tissue added for high proteoglycan content simulation. Higher yields were obtained using the TRIzol method compared to the TRIspin method and the quality of RNA extracted using both methods was comparable. Cryosectioning was by far the most effective homogenization method for the tough bovine NP tissue. The typical modification to TRIzol extraction by the use of high salt solution in a previously reported study for tissue with high proteoglycan was insufficient for bovine NP tissue, where undesirable precipitates were formed during the RNA precipitation step. This necessitates other modifications to the protocol. In our study, the combination of additional phase separation and high salt precipitation was shown to be effective to avoid the formation of the undesirable precipitates. The modified TRIzol method was compared with the TRIspin method and shown to give higher RNA yield which resulted in smaller Ct values in RT-qPCR. In addition, we showed that the cryosectioning method was applicable to bovine muscle, mouse IVD and rat NP tissues. This method of RNA preparation also allows simultaneous preparation of tissue for histological study and quantitative gene expression analysis.
Gromov–Witten theory and cycle-valued modular forms
Authors: Milanov Todor , Ruan Yongbin , Shen Yefeng
Published: June 2015

In this paper, we review Teleman’s work on lifting Givental’s quantization of

ℒ
+

(
2
)

⁢
GL
⁢

(
H
)

{\mathcal{L}^{(2)}_{+}{\rm GL}(H)}

action for semisimple formal Gromov–Witten potential into cohomological field theory level. We apply this to obtain a global cohomological field theory for simple elliptic singularities. The extension of those cohomological field theories over large complex structure limit are mirror to cohomological field theories from elliptic orbifold projective lines of weight

(
3
,
3
,
3
)

(3,3,3)

,

(
2
,
4
,
4
)

(2,4,4)

,

(
2
,
3
,
6
)

(2,3,6)

. Via mirror symmetry, we prove generating functions of Gromov–Witten cycles for those orbifolds are cycle-valued (quasi)-modular forms.
Polymorphisms of CYP1A2 and CYP2A6 activity: phenotypes and the effect of age and sex in a Nigerian population
Authors: Adehin Ayorinde , Bolaji Oluseye O.
Published: June 2015

Background: CYP1A2 and CYP2A6 are polymorphic enzymes that metabolise several compounds of clinical importance. This study investigated the prevalent phenotypes of these enzymes and the influence of age and sex on enzyme activity in a Nigerian population.

Methods: Caffeine (110 mg) was administered to each of 129 healthy, unrelated subjects (85 males and 44 females) who were non-smokers. Urine voided within 7 h after caffeine administration was collected for a high performance liquid chromatographic assay of caffeine (137X), 1,7-dimethyluric acid (17U) and 1,7-dimethylxanthine (17X). CYP1A2 activity was measured as a ratio of (17U+17X) to 137X, while 17U/17X served as marker for CYP2A6. Transformed data were analysed and the influences of age and sex on activity were also determined.

Results: Distribution of CYP1A2 activity in the population was bimodal with a mean±SD of 0.82±0.41, while that of CYP2A6 was trimodal with a mean±SD activity of 0.27±0.42 of the log-transformed urinary molar ratio of metabolites. The influences of age and sex on enzyme activity for both CYP1A2 and CYP2A6 were not significant (p>0.05).

Conclusions: The study established the prevalence of polymorphism in phenotypes of CYP1A2 and CYP2A6 activity in the Nigerian population, but no influence of age and sex on enzyme activity was observed in this population.
A Spatial and Longitudinal Analysis of Unmet Transportation Needs During Hurricanes Katrina and Rita
Authors: Joh Kenneth , Norman Alexandria , Bame Sherry I.
Published: June 2015

Hurricanes Katrina and Rita struck the US Gulf Coast in 2005, leading to the largest mass evacuation in US history and straining the region’s transportation infrastructure and services. This case study addresses the topic of disaster response to transportation unmet needs through an unprecedented spatial and longitudinal analysis of transportation-related disaster 2-1-1 call data collected in real-time, allowing for the investigation of unmet transportation needs by location and disaster phases. The authors analyze 25,205 transportation-related calls logged in Texas’ 25 regional 2-1-1 Area Information Centers from August 1 to December 31, 2005, including a baseline period before Hurricane Katrina, evacuation and landfall, and 3-months recovery post-Hurricane Rita. The spatial results show that transportation unmet needs were concentrated in Texas’ major metropolitan areas, especially in Houston-Galveston, and along highway evacuation routes. However, after controlling for population size, areas close to the landfall site and evacuation destinations had greater unmet transportation needs. Longitudinally, transportation unmet needs surged during evacuation and immediate disaster response then returned to baseline levels during recovery. Based on the results of the case study analyzing Texas 2-1-1 call data of unmet transportation needs, strategies and policies for improving mass evacuation and transportation support services are proposed and discussed.
The Response Phase of the Disaster Management Life Cycle Revisited Within the Context of “Disasters Out of the Box”
Authors: De Smet Hans , Schreurs Bert , Leysen Jan
Published: June 2015

Since the second half of the latest century the disaster landscape has experienced important changes. Disasters are not only increasing in quantity, they are also qualitatively different and seem to distress humanity to a considerably higher degree than in the past. This evolution does not only deeply affect modern societies; it might also have a disruptive impact on the intervening units of emergency management organizations. Recent disaster research mainly focuses on mitigation efforts, risk reduction and resilient societies. Though, despite good mitigation efforts and up-to-date preparation initiatives, still millions of people are affected and thousands killed annually by some kind of disaster. As a consequence, disaster response remains a vital aspect of disaster management and will even become more important in the future taking into consideration the changing disaster landscape. On that account, our study aims to remodel the response phase of the disaster management life cycle, focusing on a new and fresh approach. We consider the response phase as an unfolding global process and its ensuing sub-processes rather than just an enumeration of potential activities.
Multi-soliton Collisions and Bäcklund Transformations for the (2+1)-dimensional Modified Nizhnik–Novikov–Vesselov Equations
Authors: Xie Xi-Yang , Tian Bo , Wang Yu-Feng , Sun Wen-Rong , Sun Ya
Published: June 2015

The Korteweg–de Vries (KdV)-type equations can describe the shallow water waves, stratified internal waves, ion-acoustic waves, plasma physics and lattice dynamics, while the (2+1)-dimensional Nizhnik–Novikov–Vesselov equations are the isotropic extensions of KdV-type equations. In this paper, we investigate the (2+1)-dimensional modified Nizhnik–Novikov–Vesselov equations. By virtue of the binary Bell polynomials, bilinear forms, multi-soliton solutions and Bäcklund transformations are derived. Effects of some parameters on the solitons and monotonic function are graphically illustrated. We can observe the coalescence of the two solitons in their collision region, where their shapes change after the collision.
A new dimeric naphtho-γ-pyrone from an endophytic fungus Aspergillus niger AKRN associated with the roots of Entandrophragma congoënse collected in Cameroon
Authors: Happi Gervais M. , Kouam Simeon Fogue , Talontsi Ferdinand M. , Nkenfou Céline N. , Longo Frida , Zühlke Sebastian , Douanla-Meli Clovis , Spiteller Michael
Published: June 2015

A new dimeric naphtho-γ-pyrone, 2-hydroxydihydronigerone (1), along with five compounds, nigerone (2), pyrophen (3), kojic acid (4), 4-(hydroxymethyl)-5-hydroxy-2H-pyran-2-one (5), and p-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (6), was isolated from an endophytic fungus Aspergillus niger AKRN associated with the roots of Entandrophragma congoënse. The structure of the new compound has been elucidated using spectroscopic data including 1D and 2D NMR as well as the high-resolution mass spectrometry. Compounds 1–5 showed weak antimicrobial activity on five selected Gram-negative bacteria, namely Enterobacter aerogenes (CM64), Enterobacter cloacae (BM67), Klebsiella pneumonia (K2), and Escherichia coli (ATCC8739 and ATCC10536).
Anti-hyperlipidemic activity of an extract from roots and rhizomes of Panicum repens L. on high cholesterol diet-induced hyperlipidemia in rats
Authors: El-Tantawy Walid Hamdy , Temraz Abeer , Hozaien Hoda E. , El-Gindi Omayma D. , Taha Kamilia F.
Published: June 2015

The hypolipidemic effect of an ethanolic extract from the roots and rhizomes of Panicum repens L. was investigated in rats suffering from high-cholesterol, diet-induced hyperlipidemia, and the phytochemicals in the extract were analyzed. The extract was administered p.o. in doses of 250 mg/kg/day together with cholesterol at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day for 7 weeks. The high-cholesterol diet caused a significant increase in total lipids, total cholesterol (TC), total triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and the atherogenic index, whereas the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly decreased. Administration of the P. repens extract (p<0.05) significantly reduced the rise of the serum levels of total lipids, TC, TG, and LDL-C, as well as the atherogenic index, whereas it significantly increased (p<0.05) the level of HDL-C. HPLC analysis of the phenolics and flavonoids in the extract revealed the presence of gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, chicoric acid, primulic acid, rutin, apigenin-7-glucoside, and quercetin. In conclusion, the P. repens extract was found to possess hypolipidemic activity in high-fat, diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats.
Silent Sinus Syndrome: A Retrospective Review of 11 Cases
Authors: Darghal Karima , Borki Rajae , Essakalli Laila , Lecanu Jean-Baptiste
Published: June 2015

Objective: The purpose of this study is to describe the clinical and radiological features of SSS, and to review therapeutic possibilities and their outcomes.
Patients and Methods: Retrospective observational case series in the department of Arthur Vernes Institute between Mars 2007 and Novembre 2012. Clinical records, including ophthalmology and otolaryngology evaluations as well as computed tomography scans and operative reports, were carefully examined. A literature review for relevant studies was performed to examine similar cases.
Results: Eleven cases of SSS were identified. Nine men and two women (sex ratio 4.5), aged between 23 and 54 years (mean, 30 years). there was 3 to 4 mm enophthalmos in 10 cases (90.9%), and hypoglobus in all cases, with no effect on visual function. In all 11 cases, the maxillary roof (orbital floor) was drawn downwards, and the one or more walls of the maxilla were concave. In 4 cases septal deviation was present. 8 patients (72.7%) underwent endoscopic sinus surgery, while 3 refused it. Septoplasty was performed in 4 cases (36.3%).
Conclusion: The silent sinus syndrome is a rare entity. It mainly presents as unilateral enophthalmos in younger people and has very characteristic clinical and radiologic signs.
This case series reports our diagnostic and therapeutic experience with this syndrome
Antibiotic Choice for Children Hospitalized With Pneumonia and Adherence to National Guidelines
Authors: Williams Derek J. , Edwards Kathryn M. , Self Wesley H. , Zhu Yuwei , Ampofo Krow , Pavia Andrew T. , Hersh Adam L. , Arnold Sandra R. , McCullers Jonathan A. , Hicks Lauri A. , Bramley Anna M. , Jain Seema , Grijalva Carlos G.
Published: June 2015

INTRODUCTION:

The 2011 national guidelines for the management of childhood community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) recommended narrow-spectrum antibiotics (eg, ampicillin) for most children hospitalized with CAP. We assessed the impact of these guidelines on antibiotic prescribing at 3 children’s hospitals.

METHODS:

Children hospitalized with clinical and radiographic CAP were enrolled from January 1, 2010, through June 30, 2012, at 3 hospitals in Tennessee and Utah as part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Etiology of Pneumonia in the Community study. Antibiotic selection was determined by the treating provider. The impact of the guidelines and hospital-level implementation efforts was determined by assessing the monthly percentage of enrolled children receiving third-generation cephalosporins or penicillin/ampicillin. Segmented linear regression was used to compare observed antibiotic selection in the postguideline period with expected antibiotic use projected from preguideline months.

RESULTS:

Overall, 2121 children were included. During the preguideline period, 52.8% (interquartile range 47.8–56.6) of children with CAP received third-generation cephalosporins, whereas 2.7% (2.1, 7.0) received penicillin/ampicillin. By 9 months postguidelines, third-generation cephalosporin use declined (absolute difference −12.4% [95% confidence interval −19.8% to −5.1%]), whereas penicillin/ampicillin use increased (absolute difference 11.3% [4.3%–18.3%]). The most substantial changes were noted at those institutions that implemented guideline-related dissemination activities.

CONCLUSIONS:

After publication of national guidelines, third-generation cephalosporin use declined and penicillin/ampicillin use increased among children hospitalized with CAP. Changes were more apparent among those institutions that proactively disseminated the guidelines, suggesting that targeted, hospital-based efforts are important for timely implementation of guideline recommendations.
Aproximación psicoanalítica a lo político y el discurso del capitalismo
Authors: Kelman Mario Sergio
Published: June 2015

El presente texto tiene como objetivo producir un abordaje psicoanalítico del discurso político y el discurso del capitalismo; para formalizar las problemáticas que afectan la subjetividad de la época. El método empleado es la argumentación, arribando a resultados y conclusiones correspondientes al período anual que se informa. Distinguimos la escena de la política de lo real político, manifiesto en el acontecimiento. Cada sistema político se define por el modo de lo sagrado que le es propio. El discurso político clásico sufre una crisis y es sustituido por el discurso del capitalismo, produciendo nuevos efectos en la subjetividad y en el campo social.
Niveles de comprensión lectora en alumnos de secundaria. Una comparación por tópico.
Authors: Guevara Benítez Yolanda , Cárdenas Espinoza Karlena , Reyes Pérez Verónica
Published: June 2015

Con base en los planteamientos de la psicología interconductual se desarrollaron y validaron dos pruebas para evaluar tres niveles de comprensión lectora de textos relacionados con dos tópicos: uno literario y uno de biología. El objetivo fue analizar el desempeño de estudiantes mexicanos de secundaria en comprensión lectora. Participaron 90 estudiantes de tres grupos escolares de primer grado, en una escuela pública. Se obtuvieron los puntajes de respuestas por nivel funcional. Los alumnos mostraron bajos porcentajes de respuestas correctas en ambas pruebas, siendo menores los relacionados con el tema de biología. Se ubicó a los alumnos en tres rangos de desempeño. Finalmente, se analizan las ventajas de evaluar la comprensión lectora por nivel funcional y por tópico.
Violencia en el noviazgo: perpetración, victimización y violencia mutua. Una revisión
Authors: Alegría del Ángel Manoella , Rodríguez Barraza Adriana
Published: June 2015

Existen investigaciones cuyos resultados muestran tasas similares de violencia entre hombres y mujeres, incluyendo la violencia mutua, las cuales se contraponen a las teorías que hacen referencia a roles tradicionales de género. El objetivo fue realizar una revisión teórica acerca de los principales hallazgos de la violencia en el noviazgo en países latinos y de Norteamérica desde una perspectiva inclusiva de género. Se incluyeron estudios del año 2000 al 2013, cuya búsqueda se realizó en bases de datos. Se concluyó que los cambios socioculturales obligan a llevar a cabo un abordaje distinto de la violencia en jóvenes, considerando una visión inclusiva para promover relaciones de no violencia. Se recomienda profundizar en el papel de los roles de género.
Aves, Cotingidae, Doliornis remseni: filling distribution gap, habitat, and conservation, Ecuador
Authors: Henry Pierre-Yves
Published: June 2015

None
Checklist of polychaetes (Annelida: Polychaeta) from El Salvador, Eastern Pacific
Authors: Rivera Carlos Giovanni , Rivera Mayra Yaneth Romero de
Published: June 2015

A checklist of polychaete species recorded from El Salvador in the Pacific coast of Central America is presented (13°44'39'' N, 90°07'58'' W to 13°30'10'' N, 87°43'13'' W), including mainly estuaries, sandy beaches and sublittoral environments from El Salvador, Eastern Pacific, is reported. The checklist comprises 121 species belonging to 80 genera in 35 families currently know from the area. W onomical and ecological work carried out until now that could guide to future research.
Amphibia, Anura, Amphignathodontidae, Gastrotheca albolineata: distribution extension, new state, and new altitudinal records
Authors: Gressler Eliana , Aguirre Andrea G. , Haddad Célio F. B.
Published: June 2015

None
Mammalia, Rodentia, Cricetidae, Notiomys edwardsii (Thomas, 1890): distribution extension and geographic distribution map
Authors: Andrade Analia
Published: June 2015

None
Orthoptera, Acrididae, Leptysminae, Cylindrotettix riverae riverae Roberts, 1975: new occurrence in Brazil, expanding its South American range
Authors: Lhano Marcos Gonçalves , Costa Maria Kátia Matiotti da
Published: June 2015

None.
Role of organic functionalities linked to alkoxysilane precursors in nanomaterials synthesis and their biomedical applications
Authors: Pandey P. C. , Pandey Govind
Published: June 2015

The synthesis of biocompatible noble metal nanoparticles dispersible in a wide range of biological media with control of polycrystalinity and nanogeometry, pH sensitivity and salt tolerance has been a challenging requirements. The role of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (3-APTMS) and organic reducing reagents for real time synthesis of amphilic noble metal nanoparticles meeting these requirements are demonstrated justifying the following; (1) 3-APTMS capped noble metal ions are converted into respective metal nanoparticles in the presence of one of organic reducing agents i.e., cyclohexanone, tetrahydrofuran hydroperoxide (THF-HPO), formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone, t-buty dimethyl keotone, 3-Glycidoxy-propyltrimethoxysilane (3-GPTMS); (2) 3-APTMS acts as micelle, promotes the interaction of metal ions with organic reducing agent, precisely controls the size of metal nanoparticles, pH sensititvity and salt tolerance and also provides a suitable medium for nanoparticles suspension, (3) the use of suitable organic reagent precisely controls the polarity of as made noble metal nanoparticles allowing specific biological interactions, and (4) 3-APTMS significantly increases the stability and controls the pH sensitivity and salt tolerance of metal nanoparticles. The as synthesized nanomaterials show potential viability in biomedical applications from many angles i.e. (a) as potential bioelectrocatalyst, (b) selective interaction with active proteins and cellular components, and (c) peroxidase mimetic.
Non-equilibrium processes in martensitic phase transformations by X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy
Authors: Widera Michael , Klemradt Uwe
Published: June 2015

Through undulator sources at 3rd generation synchrotrons, highly coherent X-rays with sufficient flux are nowadays routinely available, which allow carrying over photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS) from visible light to the X-ray regime. X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) is based on the auto-correlation of X-ray speckle patterns during the temporal evolution of a material and provides access both to equilibrium and non-equilibrium properties of materials at the Angstrom scale. Owing to technical limitations (detector readout), XPCS has typically been used for the detection of slow dynamics on the scale of seconds. The variety of scattering geometries employed in conventional X-ray analysis can be combined with XPCS. In this work, we report on bulk diffraction (XRD) used to study the prototypical shape memory alloy Ni63Al37 undergoing a structural, diffusionless (martensitic) transformation. Two-time correlation functions reveal non-equilibrium dynamics superimposed with microstructural avalanches.
A Molecular Picture for the Thermo-Reversibility of Gels Formed by Isophthalic Acid-Ended Telechelic Polymers
Authors: Li Boyu , Kim Joey , Kornfield Julie
Published: June 2015

We demonstrate that isophthalic acid-ended telechelic poly(1,5-cyclooctadiene)s (A-PCODs) form thermo-reversible gels in non-polar solvent with a unique molecular mechanism for their thermo-reversibility. Like other associative telechelic polymers, A-PCODs form “flower-like” micelles at low concentration and form gels through bridging at higher concentration which exhibit linear viscoelasticity. However, unlike the widely studied hydrophobically end-capped PEOs, A-PCODs show clear thermo-reversibility in viscosity and dynamic modulus around 30 °C due to the hydrogen-bonding end groups. In addition, they differ from other reported thermo-reversible gelators (eg. Pluronics, PNIPAm containing block copolymers, etc.): neither the end group nor the backbone in the present system has a critical solution temperature within the measured temperature range (0 °C to 60 °C), indicating that the present system has a unique mechanism for its thermo-reversibility. To obtain a molecular picture of the mechanism, rheology and small angle neutron scattering (SANS) studies were implemented. Topological changes above the transition temperature (30 °C) were observed in both oscillatory rheology and SANS. SANS reveals that the size of clusters, which are formed by interacting micelles, depends highly on temperature (T) but independent of polymer concentration. These results cannot be explained by current theories on associative telechelic polymers which assume constant and large aggregation number of end groups at all temperatures and concentrations. We hypothesize that the temperature-sensitive sol-gel transition is due to a decrease in aggregation number for T above the critical temperature in our system, and this temperature-dependence of aggregation number is further determined by the chemical structure and hydrogen-bonding property of isophthalic acid ends.
Time – Space – Matter Emergent Materials in Architecture
Authors: Decker Martina
Published: June 2015

This paper investigates the development process of emergent materials for architecture by looking at the example of Phase Change Materials. In the context of the complex nature of the constructed environment and the functional and performance requirements for buildings, emergent materials have to be carefully tuned for maximum performance. Investigating the relationship of time, space and matter in the design and development process through interdisciplinary endeavors is at the heart of this investigation. Furthermore, a shift from multidisciplinary endeavors to truly interdisciplinary collaboration that crosses the traditional boundaries of the individual fields is suggested.