bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
REACTION OF PASSION FRUIT GENOTYPES TO THE COMPLEX Meloidogyne incognita AND Fusarium solani
Authors: ROCHA LEANDRO DE SOUZA , XAVIER ADELICA APARECIDA , RIBEIRO REGINA CÁSSIA FERREIRA
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT The interaction between Meloidogyne and Fusarium can alter the resistance behavior of passion fruit genotypes. The study was aimed to evaluate the reaction of genotypes of Passiflora spp. to Meloidogyne incognita race 3 (Mi)-Fusarium solani (Fs) complex. The assay was carried using RBD in the factorial arrangement: 10 genotypes (BRS-SC, M-19-UFV, P. alata, P. nitida, P. giberti, P.setacea, P. mucronata, P. murifolia, P. cincinnata, P. ligularis) x 3 treatments (Mi, Mi+Fs, Fs). After 180 days of planting the reaction to Mi was determined by RF (Pi/Pf) and to Fs by lesions size in roots and stems. According to the criteria of Oostenbrink and Moura and Regis, BRS-SC, M-19-UFV. P. alata and P. cincinnata behaved as resistant and P. giberti as susceptible. According to the Taylor and Sasser, BRS-SC, M-19-UFV, P. alata, P. cincinnata and P. giberti behaved as resistant, moderately resistant, moderately suscetible and susceptible, respectively. Lower percentage of plants with symtoms of Fs was found in P. mucronata, P. nitida, P. setacea, P. cincinnata and M-19-UFV In the presence of both pathogens, M-19-UFV, P. alata and P. nitida were those with larger lesion. In the presence de Fs, BRS-SC, P. alata, P. cincinnata and P. ligularis showed the largest lesions.
SOIL ATTRIBUTES UNDER DIFFERENT WATER MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS OF RICE PADDIES IN THE AMAZONIAN SAVANNA OF BRAZIL1
Authors: EVALD ARIANE , MELO VALDINAR FERREIRA , ROCHA PAULO ROBERTO RIBEIRO , CORDEIRO ANTÔNIO CARLOS CENTENO , MAIA SONICLEY DA SILVA , ESPINDOLA ITHALO DE CASTRO
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT The rational use of water while considering the increases in food production is a great challenge for agriculture currently. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the soil properties of rice paddy areas under different water management systems. For this, the rice cultivars BRS Tropical and IRGA 424 were grown under the following treatments: M1: Intermittent flooding; M2: Intermittent flooding, followed by continuous flooding; M3: Continuous flooding, followed by intermittent flooding; and M4: Continuous flooding for the entire plant cycle. As a control, a non-cultivated area, adjacent to the experimental plots was also evaluated. The variables analyzed were P, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Al3+ contents, pH, soil organic carbon (SOC), total nitrogen (TN) Carbon Stock (C-Stock), nitrogen stock (N-Stock), Cation-exchange capacity (CEC), C/N ratio; CO2 emission, soil microbial biomass carbon (SMB), metabolic coefficient (qMic) and acid phosphatase and urease activities. There was not difference among the different water management systems for P, K+, Mg2+, CEC and C/N ratio. The SMB and the acid phosphatase and urease activities were lower under the different treatments when compared to the control. The CO2 emission under rice paddy system was influenced by the phenological phase of the crop. The variables SOC, C-Stock, SMB, C/N ratio, K+, acid phosphatase and usease activities are those most sensitive attributes observed in the soil under different water management systems during rice cultivation. Water management in the rice paddy system influenced soil by changing its quality.
VALIDATION OF SOIL USES AROUND RESERVOIRS IN THE SEMI-ARID THROUGH IMAGE CLASSIFICATION
Authors: ARAÚJO EFRAIM MARTINS , MAMEDE GEORGE LEITE
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT The work evaluated the potential for discrimination of land use and occupation around reservoirs, using spectral information obtained by multispectral, hyperspectral satellites and images obtained with an ARP (remotely piloted aircraft). The research analyzed the performance of different images classification techniques applied to multispectral and hyperspectral sensors for the detection and differentiation of soil classes around the Paus Brancos and Marengo reservoirs, located in Settlement 25 of Maio. The classes identified based on surveys in campaigns carried out in 2014 and 2015 around the reservoirs were: water, macrophytes, exposed soil, native vegetation, agriculture, thin and ebbing vegetation, in addition to the cloud and cloud shadow targets. The performance of the classifiers applied to the image of the Hyperion sensor was, in general, superior to those obtained in Landsat 8 image, which can be explained by the high spectral resolution of the first, which facilitates the differentiation of targets with similar spectral response. For validation of the supervised classification method of Maximum Likelihood, Landsat 8 (08/24/2015) and Hyperion (08/28/2015) images were used. The results of the application indicated a good performance of the classifier associated with the RGB composition of the chosen Hyperion image (bands R - 51, G - 161, B - 19) in the detection of the classes around this reservoir, producing a Kappa coefficient of 0.83. The availability of data from the Hyperion sensor is very restricted, which hinders the development of continued research, thus the use of images surpassed by RPA is extremely viable.
PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF PEANUT CROPS TO IRRIGATION WITH BRACKISH WATERS AND APPLICATION OF ORGANO-MINERAL FERTILIZERS
Authors: SOUSA JOSÉ THOMAS MACHADO DE , SOUSA GEOCLEBER GOMES DE , SILVA ELANE BEZERRA DA , SILVA JUNIOR FRANCISCO BARROSO DA , VIANA THALES VINÍCIUS DE ARAÚJO
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT The use of organo-mineral fertilizer is an alternative measure to mitigate salt stress in semiarid regions. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the physiological indexes of peanut crops under irrigations with fresh and brackish waters and applications of organo-mineral fertilizers. The experiment was conducted from June to September, 2019, at the Universidade da Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro-Brasileira (UNILAB), in Redenção, state of Ceará, Brazil, using a completely randomized experimental design in a 5 × 2 factorial arrangement, with four replications. The treatments consisted of five soil fertilizers (F1= 100% NPK mineral fertilizer at the recommended rate; F2= 100% bovine manure-based biofertilizer; F3= 100% plant ash; F4= 50% mineral fertilizer and 50% bovine manure-based biofertilizer; and F5= 50% mineral fertilizer and 50% plant ash); and two salinity levels (electrical conductivities) of the irrigation water (1.0 and 5.0 dS m-1). Photosynthetic rate, transpiration, stomatal conductance, leaf temperature, internal CO2 concentration, water use efficiency, and chlorophyll index of the plants were evaluated at 40 and 54 days after sowing (DAS). Plants irrigated with fresh water presented higher stomatal conductance, photosynthetic rate, and transpiration, regardless of the fertilizer used. The use of 100% bovine manure-based biofertilizer resulted in decreases in salt stress and increases in water use efficiency at 40 DAS, and decreases in leaf temperature and increases in relative chlorophyll content at 54 DAS.
ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ESSENTIAL OILS AGAINST PATHOGENS OF IMPORTANCE IN CAPRINE AND OVINE MASTITIS
Authors: FURLANI RODOLFO , SOUSA MAURA MARINETE DE , ROCHA GIOVANNA NOGUEIRA DA SILVA AVELINO OLIVEIRA , VILAR FLÁVIA CARTAXO RAMALHO , RAMALHO RICARDO CARTAXO , PEIXOTO RODOLFO DE MORAES
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT Mastitis is an important infirmity that affects dairy goats and sheep flocks. Antimicrobials are widely used in mastitis therapy; however, the phenomenon of bacterial resistance has sparked interest in therapeutic alternatives, especially the research on essential oils from several plant species. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of essential oils against pathogens of importance in caprine and ovine mastitis. The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and the chemical composition was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) tests were performed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of the essential oils (EO) of four plants. Fifteen bacterial isolates, previously identified as Staphylococcus spp. and Staphylococcus aureus, were used. The following plant species were used against the 15 bacterial isolates: Lippia origanoides “alecrim pimenta,” Lippia alba “erva cidreira,” Cymbopogon citratus “capim-santo,” and Ocimum basilicum “manjericão.” The first three essential oils presented antimicrobial activity against 100% of the isolates (15/15), with MICs of 560 µg mL-1, 1,173 µg mL-1, and 1,280 µg mL-1, and MBCs of 613 µg mL-1, 1,226 µg mL-1, and 1,333 µg mL-1, respectively. Nevertheless, the essential oil of O. basilicum, which was also tested, exerted no activity against any of the isolates. Carvacrol, citral, geraniol, and estragole were some of the major compounds found. These results can aid other studies that aim to use these essential oils as potential products for subsequent use in the treatment of mastitis in small ruminants.
USE OF GALACTOMANNAN FROM Caesalpinia pulcherrima IN RESTRUCTURED FISH PRODUCTS STORED UNDER FROZEN CONDITIONS
Authors: SOUSA SANYELLE LIMA , ARAÚJO ÍDILA MARIA DA SILVA , MEDEIROS STELLA REGINA ARCANJO , SILVA ELISABETH MARY CUNHA DA
Published: September 2021

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of galactomannan from Caesalpinia pulcherrima as a binding agent for the restructuring of fishes. The effect of a frozen (-18 °C) storage of 120 days on the physical-chemical and mechanical properties of fishes was evaluated, restructured fish products with transglutaminase were used as a control. Two fish restructuring formulations were developed: Galactomannan, with 0.2% galactomannan and 1.8% refined salt; and Control, with 0.5% transglutaminase. The analyses were carried out after 24 hours of refrigerated storage (4 °C), corresponding to time zero, and after 30, 60, 90, and 120 days of frozen (-18 °C) storage. The use of galactomannan resulted in a higher pH, and lower total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), with no differences from zero to 120-day storage times for the L*, a*, and b* coordinates. Galactomannan easily bounds to hydrogen, enabling the obtaining restructured fish products with lower expressible water content and less weight losses by cooking, important characteristics for the acceptance of products that denote softness and succulence. Contrastingly, this easy bound to water molecules resulted in a lower hardness, cohesiveness, and elasticity, and higher adhesivity when compared to the control. The results showed the viability of using galactomannan to restructure fishes during frozen storage.
Educational Impact of Research
Authors: Bispo Marcelo de Souza , Davel Eduardo Paes Barreto
Published: September 2021

Abstract To think about the impacts of academic research on education is to think dynamically: education affects the ways of doing research (from the point of view of formal education) and is affected by research results that are little predictable and perceived due to constant negotiations among social actors in their daily socializations in different contexts. Management education (formal, non-formal and informal) affects and is affected by conflicting views of the world, which are produced within the field of management itself and whose impact as “beneficial” is not just a matter oriented primarily by economic, instrumental and financial aspects, but also for a negotiated understanding of the world that moves towards the common good. All research must be concerned with its power to affect educational vision and practice, directly or indirectly. How can this concern become perennial and central to the practice of academic research?
Impacto Educacional da Pesquisa
Authors: Bispo Marcelo de Souza , Davel Eduardo Paes Barreto
Published: September 2021

Abstract To think about the impacts of academic research on education is to think dynamically: education affects the ways of doing research (from the point of view of formal education) and is affected by research results that are little predictable and perceived due to constant negotiations among social actors in their daily socializations in different contexts. Management education (formal, non-formal and informal) affects and is affected by conflicting views of the world, which are produced within the field of management itself and whose impact as “beneficial” is not just a matter oriented primarily by economic, instrumental and financial aspects, but also for a negotiated understanding of the world that moves towards the common good. All research must be concerned with its power to affect educational vision and practice, directly or indirectly. How can this concern become perennial and central to the practice of academic research?
Municipal Culture Incentive Law: what are their inclusive and democratic effects on local cultural production?
Authors: Xavier Wescley Silva , Baldez Maria Aparecida Neves Azevedo
Published: September 2021

Abstract This paper aims to analyze the inclusive and democratic effects of municipal cultural incentives law in Cataguases, Minas Gerais, fundamentally considering the promotion of citizenship and identity preservation based on cultural production. Data were collected through non-structured interviews with Cataguases cultural producers and analyzed according to a Marxist notion of discourse. Our findings revealed that approved purposes lead to a form of centralization on cultural production at the local level, characterized by the concentration of resources on established groups and the detachment from historically marginalized groups. Moreover, this scenario is aggravated when complementary cultural actions are transferred to the city’s cultural foundations, reinforcing the distinctive character of culture.
Into the Field: a Reflexive Narration of Critical Policy Studies
Authors: Boullosa Rosana de Freitas , Peres Janaina Lopes Pereira , Bessa Luiz Fernando Macedo
Published: September 2021

Abstract This article aims at presenting a narrative of Critical Policy Studies as a school of thought that is built, reflexively, within the Policy Studies field, consolidating and pluralizing it. This approach, although little known in Brazil, represents, increasingly, an alternative and a consistent path of studies, that distinguishes itself by assuming the centrality of language as an unit of analysis in policy processes; choosing interpretation as a method; taking the arguments as the main research material and post-positivism as its purpose. Methodologically, this article has been built through a narrative review of the literature and it adopted, as a starting point, the discussion forum on “what is critical?”, published in the Critical Policy Studies Review (2016 edition), and the Handbook of Critical Policy Studies itself (Fischer, Torgerson, Durnová & Orsini, 2016). In five sections, we narrate the development of Critical Policy Studies School passing, mainly, through interpretative and argumentative approaches, seeking to establish fertile dialogues with analysts, bureaucrats, managers and researchers. As well as with all those interested in facing the challenges of producing other narratives and developing new research and teaching processes in this field of studies, with the objective of making the Policy Studies field more diverse and more consistent with the Brazilian reality. We conclude that, paradoxically, the plurality - disciplinary, epistemological, methodological, theoretical and thematic - that characterizes the development of the Policy Studies field, in Brazil, still falls short of meaning more participatory, inclusive and democratic public policies. In this sense, we believe that the effort to contribute to the introduction of this literature in the Brazilian Policy Studies field not only presupposes the adoption of a critical-reflexive research stance, but also represents a first step towards the adoption of increasingly democratizing practices in the Policy field.
Mudança Institucional Gradual e Transformativa: a Atuação de Stakeholders e Coalizões de Defesa no Caso da Usina Hidroelétrica de Belo Monte
Authors: Vieira Diego Mota
Published: September 2021

Abstract This work analyzes the performance of stakeholders and advocacy coalitions in processes of gradual institutional change based on the case study of the Belo Monte hydroelectric power plant. The methodology adopts content analysis, using shorthand notes of hearings held in the National Congress, and other publicly available documents. In-depth semi-structured interviews were also conducted, collecting data from individuals involved in the history of the power plant. The study allowed to characterize stakeholders pro or against the enterprise, observing their degree of influence and the role played. In addition, the work used the Advocacy Coalition Framework to verify how stakeholders formed three advocacy coalitions and exerted the strategies of institutional change ‘displacement,’ ‘conversion,’ and ‘layering’ following the gradual and transformative institutional change model. Empirical evidence indicates that the composition of coalition members may determine the type of institutional change and that institutional changes can also result from learning among coalitions, as the incorporation of socio-environmental considerations that have altered the original design of the hydroelectric power plant.
Cultural Regulation, Geographical Indication and the (re) Signification of an Artisanal Cheese
Authors: Almeida Simone de Lira , Paiva Júnior Fernando Gomes , Guerra José Roberto Ferreira , Medeiros Janann Joslin
Published: September 2021

Abstract Laws and norms can change the production processes of an organization, with repercussions for the tangible and symbolic composition of its products. Based on this assumption of Cultural Studies, we seek to understand how the practice of cultural regulation by a group of small producers is (re)signifying the rennet cheese produced artisanally in the Agreste region of the Brazilian state of Pernambuco. We use discourse analysis to analyze interviews and documents such as the decrees and regulations that deal with processing dairy products in Brazil, as well as those governing the process of Geographical Indication, and compare the cultural meanings that have emerged in two spheres of regulation: the public and the private. Findings reveal governmental characterization of artisanal rennet cheese has been justified by a discourse of “quality” at both the state and federal levels. However, the regulation put in place in the private sphere of the Producers Association makes use of different arguments to construct the discourse of quality with respect to the same food.
Regulação Cultural, Indicação Geográfica e a (Re)Significação de um Queijo Artesanal
Authors: Almeida Simone de Lira , Paiva Júnior Fernando Gomes , Guerra José Roberto Ferreira , Medeiros Janann Joslin
Published: September 2021

Abstract Laws and norms can change the production processes of an organization, with repercussions for the tangible and symbolic composition of its products. Based on this assumption of Cultural Studies, we seek to understand how the practice of cultural regulation by a group of small producers is (re)signifying the rennet cheese produced artisanally in the Agreste region of the Brazilian state of Pernambuco. We use discourse analysis to analyze interviews and documents such as the decrees and regulations that deal with processing dairy products in Brazil, as well as those governing the process of Geographical Indication, and compare the cultural meanings that have emerged in two spheres of regulation: the public and the private. Findings reveal governmental characterization of artisanal rennet cheese has been justified by a discourse of “quality” at both the state and federal levels. However, the regulation put in place in the private sphere of the Producers Association makes use of different arguments to construct the discourse of quality with respect to the same food.
Narratives From Women Rural Workers: The Construction of Subalternity, Hierarchized Spaces and Colonial Domination
Authors: Dornela Fernanda Junia , Oliveira Cintia Rodrigues de
Published: September 2021

Abstract In this research, our aim is to analyze how gender relations are manifested in the narratives of women rural workers, in coffee farming in the Cerrado Mineiro Region, in a post-colonial perspective. It is a qualitative research, the empirical material of which consists of narrative interviews conducted with 14 rural coffee workers in the municipalities of Patrocínio, Carmo do Paranaíba and Monte Carmelo, in the state of Minas Gerais. The empirical material was submitted to the thematic analysis technique. The results suggest that gender relations are expressed through inheritances of colonialism, which constitute the themes identified: (1) constructed subordination; (2) hierarchical spaces; and (3) colonial domination.
O perfil das publicações sobre condições de trabalho e saúde dos professores: um aporte para (re) pensar a literatura
Authors: Silva Jefferson Peixoto da , Fischer Frida Marina
Published: September 2021

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar os resultados de uma pesquisa bibliográfica, realizada nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) e na Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), sobre as condições de trabalho e saúde de professores. O escopo da pesquisa abrangeu um período de 20 anos (1997-2017) e revelou um conjunto de 175 estudos elegíveis que, por sua natureza e volume, foram organizados em categorias e subcategorias, compondo o seguinte perfil: (1) Problemas de saúde; (2) Condições de trabalho e saúde; (3) Qualidade de vida; (4) Trabalho, carreira e fundamentos da ação docente. Os resultados mostram que houve interesse crescente pelo assunto nos últimos anos e que despontaram estudos sobre qualidade de vida dos professores a partir de 2006. Apesar do grande número de estudos sobre trabalho e saúde docente, a área educacional tem dedicado pouca atenção à saúde dos professores, demonstrando que o tema requer uma abordagem multidisciplinar.
Evaluación del proceso de gestión educativa para la integración de modelos didácticos mediados por TIC: un estudio de caso múltiple
Authors: Becerra Isabel Jiménez , Ghotme Kemel A. , Romeiro Artieres Estevao , Bernal Lina Rosa Parra
Published: September 2021

Resumen El artículo presenta un estudio orientado a evaluar el efecto de la implementación de los modelos didácticos mediados por TIC, en las prácticas de Enseñanza en algunos contextos educativos colombianos, desde una investigación mixta enmarcada en los diseños de evaluación a partir de las teorías de Guskey para evaluar el efecto del fenómeno estudiado combinado con el diseño de investigación basado en el estudio caso múltiple que permite explicar el aporte de estos modelos en el aprendizaje. Se trabajó con 35 maestros colombianos de escuelas y universidades ubicadas en zonas geográficas rurales y urbanas, caracterizadas por pertenecer a escenarios con limitaciones económicas y realidades sociales marcadas por el conflicto. En las conclusiones fue posible corroborar la hipótesis alternativa (Ha) que declara que la gestión de proyectos de innovación educativa favorece parcialmente la cualificación de las prácticas de Enseñanza; esto, como producto de variables extrañas sobre la baja cantidad de dispositivos con las que cuenta la institución y los débiles conocimientos didácticos que posee el profesorado para el uso de las tecnologías en el aula.
Simple methodological approach for assessing microbial mineralization rates in an aqueous anaerobic medium
Authors: Cunha-Santino Marcela Bianchessi da , Bianchini Junior Irineu
Published: September 2021

Abstract: The aim of this study was to propose and discuss a simple manometric method to quantify the emission rates of gases resulting from the microbial anaerobic mineralization of organic resources, as leaves, thin branches, and macrophyte detritus. The proposed method can be used under laboratory conditions. The method consists of using a water pressure gauge attached to the reaction flask. The incubations were prepared with samples of water from Paranapanema River and Typha domingensis, the experiment lasted 9.8 months. The procedures for preparing the incubations are presented in detail, as well as the calculations for the conversion of the volumetric measurement into carbon mass (i.e., daily rate of carbon gas emissions). According to the results obtained from T. domingensis mineralization assays it was possible to demonstrate that, numerous events related to mineralization could be adequately addressed (e.g., the heterogeneous detritus composition). The results of this method were quite convergent with those obtained in kinetic experiments (used as a reference) after the 30th mineralization day, suggesting the use of this method mainly for medium- and long-term experiments. As exemplified by T. domingensis incubations, this method is particularly valuable for the systemic comparison of the several organic resources mineralization and for the primary measurement of the main parameters involved (e.g., reaction rates constants). This method combined with other short-term experiments can greatly improve the understanding of the cycling of organic resources in aquatic environments.
Factor of safety of pile-stabilised slopes: an algorithm incorporating soil-arching effect
Authors: Neeraj C R , Thiyyakkandi S
Published: September 2021

The current practice of factor of safety computation of pile-stabilised slopes depends substantially on either the extension of methods for normal slopes with the pile-contribution introduced as an additional term or finite-element modelling. Extending conventional methods to analyse pile-stabilised slopes fails to capture the key mechanisms like soil arching, gradual transfer of resistance offered by the pile through the slope, change in slip surface due to introduction of piles and so on. In this paper, a new algorithm is proposed to compute the factor of safety of pile-stabilised slopes, in which the Morgenstern–Price method is modified to incorporate the effect of a pile. The resistance offered by the pile is obtained using a pressure-based method which considers the soil-arching effect in horizontal and vertical directions. The gradual propagation of this resistance offered by the pile is incorporated through an iterative procedure, unlike the conventional methods. The algorithm considers the change in slip surface due to the introduction of the pile. The factor of safety values computed using the proposed algorithm were found to be in close agreement with that obtained from finite-element modelling. Moreover, a simple technique to determine the optimal location of stabilising piles and pile-spacing is also presented.
Study on earth pressure of deep-buried tunnel in layered ground with centrifuge modelling
Authors: Ma Xianfeng , Cao Mingyang , Wang Lei , Cong Yu
Published: September 2021

Deep-buried tunnels have been increasingly used for transportation infrastructure and underground space development in major metropolitan areas around the world. Evaluation of the earth pressure on deep-buried tunnels is crucial in the design of such urban infrastructure. This paper presents an experimental study using a series of centrifuge model tests undertaken in a beam centrifuge at 150g to provide insight into the earth pressure distribution on deep-buried tunnels after the construction in layered soil strata. The experimental and comparative results indicate the earth pressure at the invert of the deep-buried tunnel is slightly greater than the earth pressure at the crown of the tunnel, and the earth pressure at the springline is less than that at the crown. These results also show that the full overburden theory can reasonably predict the vertical earth pressure of a deep-buried tunnel in the clay layer. However, in the scenarios when sand layers are dominant in the overburden soil, the vertical earth pressure values calculated by the Terzaghi loosening earth pressure theory are more consistent with measured values from centrifuge tests. The insights obtained from this study can provide useful references for improved methods in the load consideration of deep-buried tunnel design.
Rhythmic subvocalization: An eye-tracking study on silent poetry reading
Authors: Beck Judith , Konieczny Lars
Published: September 2021

The present study investigates effects of conventionally metered and rhymed poetry on eye-movements in silent reading. Readers saw MRRL poems (i.e., metrically regular, rhymed language) in two layouts. In poem layout, verse endings coincided with line breaks. In prose layout verse endings could be mid-line. We also added metrical and rhyme anomalies. We hypothesized that silently reading MRRL results in building up auditive expectations that are based on a rhythmic “audible gestalt” and propose that rhythmicity is generated through subvocalization. Our results revealed that readers were sensitive to rhythmic-gestalt-anomalies but showed differential effects in poem and prose layouts. Metrical anomalies in particular resulted in robust reading disruptions across a variety of eye-movement measures in the poem layout and caused re-reading of the local context. Rhyme anomalies elicited stronger effects in prose layout and resulted in systematic re-reading of pre-rhymes. The presence or absence of rhythmic-gestalt-anomalies, as well as the layout manipulation, also affected reading in general. Effects of syllable number indicated a high degree of subvocalization. The overall pattern of results suggests that eye-movements reflect, and are closely aligned with, the rhythmic subvocalization of MRRL.
This study introduces a two-stage approach to the analysis of long MRRL stimuli and contributes to the discussion of how the processing of rhythm in music and speech may overlap.
Reading eye movements performance on iPad vs print using a visagraph
Authors: Feis Alicia , Lallensack Amanda , Pallante Elizabeth , Nielsen Melanie , Demarco Nicole , Vasudevan Balamurali
Published: September 2021

This study investigated reading comprehension, reading speed, and the quality of eye movements while reading on an iPad, as compared to printed text. 31 visually-normal subjects were enrolled. Two of the passages were read from the Visagraph standardized text on iPad and Print. Eye movement characteristics and comprehension were evaluated. Mean (SD) fixation duration was significantly longer with the iPad at 270 ms (40) compared to the printed text (p=0.04) at 260 ms (40). Subjects’ mean reading rates were significantly lower on the iPad at 294 words per minute (wpm) than the printed text at 318 wpm (p=0.03). The mean (SD) overall reading duration was significantly (p=0.02) slower on the iPad that took 31 s (9.3) than the printed text at 28 s (8.0). Overall reading performance is lower with an iPad than printed text in normal individuals. These findings might be more consequential in children and adult slower readers when they read using iPads.
Metacognitive monitoring and metacognitive strategies of gifted and average children on dealing with deductive reasoning task
Authors: Straka Ondřej , Portešová Šárka , Halámková Daniela , Jabůrek Michal
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we inquire into possible differences between children with exceptionally high intellectual abilities and their average peers as regards metacognitive monitoring and related metacognitive strategies. The question whether gifted children surpass their typically developing peers not only in the intellectual abilities, but also in their level of metacognitive skills, has not been convincingly answered so far. We sought to examine the indicators of metacognitive behavior by means of eye-tracking technology and to compare these findings with the participants’ subjective confidence ratings. Eye-movement data of gifted and average students attending final grades of primary school (4th and 5th grades) were recorded while they dealt with a deductive reasoning task, and four metrics supposed to bear on metacognitive skills, namely the overall trial duration, mean fixation duration, number of regressions and normalized gaze transition entropy, were analyzed. No significant differences between gifted and average children were found in the normalized gaze transition entropy, in mean fixation duration, nor - after controlling for the trial duration – in number of regressions. Both groups of children differed in the time devoted to solving the task. Both groups significantly differed in the association between time devoted to the task and the participants’ subjective confidence rating, where only the gifted children tended to devote more time when they felt less confident. Several implications of these findings are discussed.
I2DNet - Design and real-time evaluation of an appearance-based gaze estimation system
Authors: L R D Murthy  , Brahmbhatt Siddhi , Arjun Somnath , Biswas Pradipta
Published: September 2021

Gaze estimation problem can be addressed using either model-based or appearance-based approaches. Model-based approaches rely on features extracted from eye images to fit a 3D eye-ball model to obtain gaze point estimate while appearance-based methods attempt to directly map captured eye images to gaze point without any handcrafted features. Recently, availability of large datasets and novel deep learning techniques made appearance-based methods achieve superior accuracy than model-based approaches. However, many appearance-based gaze estimation systems perform well in within-dataset validation but fail to provide the same degree of accuracy in cross-dataset evaluation. Hence, it is still unclear how well the current state-of-the-art approaches perform in real-time in an interactive setting on unseen users. This paper proposes I2DNet, a novel architecture aimed to improve subject-independent gaze estimation accuracy that achieved a state-of-the-art 4.3 and 8.4 degree mean angle error on the MPIIGaze and RT-Gene datasets respectively. We have evaluated the proposed system as a gaze-controlled interface in real-time for a 9-block pointing and selection task and compared it with Webgazer.js and OpenFace 2.0. We have conducted a user study with 16 participants, and our proposed system reduces selection time and the number of missed selections statistically significantly compared to other two systems.
Postpancreatectomy hemorrhage: classification, epidemiology, risk factors
Authors: Kovalenko Z. A. , Efanov M. G.
Published: September 2021

The paper analyzes modern literature data regarding post-resection hemorrhagic complications in surgical pancreatology. The modern classification system, epidemiological data and risk factors for postoperative bleeding are analyzed in detail. Critical analysis of the use of postpancreatectomy hemorrhage classification was carried out.
Features of endobiliary stenting in unresectable tumors in the hepatopancreatoduodenal zone
Authors: Panchenkov D. N. , Ivanov Yu. V. , Sazonov D. V. , Zlobin A. I. , Smirnov A. V. , Astakhov D. A.
Published: September 2021

Aim. Optimization of endobiliary stenting in patients with unresectable tumors of the organs in the hepatopancreatoduodenal zone, improving the prevention of complications, improving the immediate results of treatment and the quality of patient’s life.

Material and methods. From 2011 to 2020, 47 patients with unresectable tumors in the hepatopancreatoduodenal zone underwent endoscopic transpapillary stenting of the common bile duct for obstructive jaundice. A plastic stent was used in 28 patients, and a self-expanding nitinol stent in 19 patients. The results of endobiliary stenting, complications, efficacy and safety of stenting, side effects, quality of biliary tract decompression were evaluated.

Results. All patients were perform stenting of the common bile duct. Two complications were recorded during endoscopic transpapillary stenting: bleeding from the area of the major duodenal papilla, which was stopped endoscopically. In the immediate postoperative period – stent displacement was noted in 3 patients, blockage of the stent – in 2 cases, acute post-manipulative pancreatitis – in 1 case, cholangitis — in 2 patients. Satisfactory decompression of the biliary tract was achieved in 44 from 47 patients. There was 1 death.

Conclusion. Endoscopic transpapillary stenting of the common bile duct is a low-traumatic, safe and effective method of biliary decompression for tumor obstructive jaundice. Plastic stents should be used for biliary drainage with a life expectancy of ≤6 months. Self-expanding nitinol stents with full or partial coverage is the best chose for life expectancy > 6 months.
The first experience of partial spleen embolization for the correction of thrombocytopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis
Authors: Shabunin A. V. , Bedin V. V. , Drozdov P. A. , Levina O. N. , Tsurkan V. A. , Zhuravel O. S. , Astapovich S. A.
Published: September 2021

Aim. To assess the efficacy and safety of interventional endovascular partial spleen embolization for the correction of thrombocytopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis.

Material and methods. From September 2019 to March 2020, 5 partial spleen embolizations were performed at the surgical clinic of the Botkin Hospital. The indication was the impossibility of conducting courses of regional chemotherapy for primary liver cancer in 2 patients with cirrhosis, portal hypertension, hypersplenism, thrombocytopenia, in 3 patients – the impossibility of conducting adequate antiviral therapy with cirrhosis as a result of chronic viral hepatitis C. The platelet count was < 25 thousand/μl (19.34 ± 1.34 thousand/μl) in all patients at the time of the procedure. The median spleen volume was 1967.54 ± 476.13 (1324.34–2163.54) cm3 . We used Progreat® Terumo 2.8 Fr microcatheter 130 cm for catheterization branches of the splenic artery. Endovascular embolization was performed with microspheres 600 ± 75 nm – 2 ml before occlusion. Computed tomography scan of abdominal cavity with intravenous contrast enhancement and laboratory test of platelet levels were performed. Follow up of patients was carried out at 1, 3 and 6 months after this intervention.

Results. The postoperative period in all patients was uncomplicated. Postembolization syndrome (pain, hyperthermia) developed in the early postoperative period in all patients on the next day after the procedure. Computed tomography scan of the abdominal cavity revealed areas of an irregular shape of low density that did not accumulate a contrast agent. The duration of hospitalization was 7.63 ± 3.32 (5–11) days. There were not in-hospital and 30-day mortality in our study.

Conclusion. The first experience of endovascular partial spleen embolization showed its safety and efficacy in the correction of thrombocytopenia in patients with liver cirrhosis.
Application of the new fungicide incanon for pre-sowing seed treatment when growing tomato seedlings in artificial soil obtained by microbiological processing of bark-wood waste
Authors: Maksimov Aleksandr Y. , Shilova Anna V. , Lisovenko Natalya Y. , Balandina Svetlana Y. , Shchetko Vitaliy A.
Published: September 2021

Long-term experiments were carried out on biotechnological processing of the material of bark-wood waste of the Krasnokamsky korootval by isolated microorganisms-destructors of cellulose materials with cellulase and ligninolytic activity, as well as the use of the obtained substances as a nutrient soil for growing cultivated plants. The high efficiency of the processed material of bark-wood waste as a nutrient soil for the growth of experimental tomato plants is shown. However, it was found that without sterilizing treatment, the resulting substrate contains a significant number of soil micromycetes (up to 1010 colony-forming units per 1 g of substrate), the presence of which adversely affects the development of plants. The effectiveness of pre-sowing treatment of tomato seeds that are sensitive to a large number of micromycetes with the new Incanon drug from the class of substituted butane-1,3-dione derivatives is shown to improve the germination and survival of plants. An increase in seed germination by 14% as a result of this treatment is shown.
Chemical faculty of Perm State University: emergenc and formation (on the 90th anniversary of education of the faculty
Authors: Rogozhnikov Sergey I. , Mashevskaya Irina V.
Published: September 2021

The article is devoted to the emergence and formation of the chemical faculty of Perm State National Research University. The period of the appearance of the first chemical departments and the contribution to the formation of the faculty of scientists, who stood at the forefront of the chemical education - D.V. Alekseeva, N.V. Kultasheva, Yu.S. Zalkinda, N.I. Cromera, A.I. Lunyaka. The reasons for the creation of the faculty in 1929, the results of the first year of its existence and the reorganization into a chemical-technological institute are analyzed. The period of restoration of the faculty in 1933 and the contribution of R.V. Mertslin, M.N. Polukarova, G.G. Kobyaka, V.F. Ust- Kachkintseva, D.M. Marko, I.I. Lapkin, as well as graduates of the pre-war chemical faculty who made a significant contribution to the development and formation of the faculty: K.I. Mochalova, I.S. Berdinsky, V.P. Zhivopisetseva and othersBerdinsky, V.P. Zhivopisetseva and others.
Extraction of molybdate and tungstate ions in system without organic solvent
Authors:   Perm State University, Degtev М.I. , Yuminova А.А. ,   Perm State University, Kuzalbaeva V.P. ,   Perm State University, Kontiev A.D. ,   Perm State University
Published: September 2021

Extraction of macro- and microamounts of molybdate ions (MoO42-) and microamounts of tungstate ions (WO42-) in the stratified system antipyrine (AP) - sulfosalicylic acid (SSC) – water is investigated. The effects of acidity and pH on the process of extraction are examined. Under conditions of 0,25 mol/l HNO3 (pH = 1,52) high degree of extraction of molybdate-ions (~94 %) is achieved. Under conditions of 0,5 mol/l HCl (pH = 1,383) degree of extraction of tungstate-ions does not exceed 77%. Effect of inorganic salting out agents (NH4Cl, NaCl, NH4NO3, NaNO3, (NH4)2SO4, Na2SO4) on E(Mo) and E(W) % is given. The maximum degree of extraction of molybdenum (VI) ~ 99.2% is achieved in the presence of Na2SO4 (0,50−0,75 mol/l). The maximum degree of extraction of tungsten (VI) ~ 97% is achieved in the presence of Na2SO4 (0,9 mol/l) or NaCl (2,5 mol/l).
Complex-forming properties of diacylhydrazines of non-pentane acid with Cu(II) and Ni(II) ions in ammonia media
Authors:   Perm State University,, Saltykova M.S. , Elchishcheva Y.B. ,   Perm State University,, Chekanova L.G. ,   Institute of Technical Chemistry,, Mokrushin I.G. ,   Perm State University,, Pavlov P.T. ,   Perm State University,
Published: September 2021

The complexation processes of Cu (II), Co (II) and Ni (II) ions in ammonia solutions with diacylhydrazines of non-pentane acid (DAH): 1,2-dineopentanoyl- (DNH) and 1-neopentanoyl-2-benzoylhydrazine (NBH) were studied. Using saturation, equilibrium shift, curve intersection, and conductometric titration, the formation of complex compounds with the ratios [M (II)]:[DAH] = 1:1 and 1:2 was established. The DNH complex with Cu (II) (1:1) was preparatively isolated, the composition of which was confirmed by the data of IR spectroscopy, elemental and thermal analyzes. The SP precipitate of the complex and the complexation reaction constant are calculated
Influence of isopropyl alcohol on the surface-active properties of Safol 23
Authors:   Perm State University, Shcherban M.G. , Solovyev A.D. ,   Perm State University, Saliakhova A.O. ,   Perm State University
Published: September 2021

The effect of isopropyl alcohol on the surface-active characteristics of SAFOL 23 nonionic surfactants was explored. The surface tension isotherms of an aqueous surfactant solution and its water-alcohol compositions were obtained. Based on a series of tension isotherms of a number of surfactant – alcohol – water systems, the compositions of mixed micelles and the values of the surfactant interaction factor in the micelle were calculated. The dependence of the surface activity of a water-alcohol composition on its composition was found and studied. The dependence of surface activity on the ratio of surfactant has the following form: alcohol is not monotonic and passes through a maximum, which is associated with a change in the function of alcohol with an increase in its content and a transition from co-surfactant to co-solvent. A feature of the adsorption process of surfactant – alcohol systems on highly dispersed PTFE was studied, namely, the free surface energy of the polymer was calculated, and isotherms of the contact angle were constructed. The cloud point of the systems was calculated and the characteristic of the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance was found. The introduction of alcohol changes the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of SAFOL 23, which allows it to be used as a solubilizer, emulsifier.
Electrochemical behavior of cobalt silicides in H2SO4 + HF solutions at high anodic potentials
Authors:   Perm State University, Kichigin V.I. , Shein A.B. ,   Perm State University
Published: September 2021

The voltammetric and impedance characteristics of CoSi2 and Co2Si electrodes were obtained in 0,5 M H2SO4 + x M HF (x = 0,01–0,05) and 0,05 M H2SO4 + 0,01 M HF solutions at the electrode potentials of 1.8 to 3.0 V (nhe). It was shown that the anodic processes on cobalt silicides in H2SO4 + HF solutions involve multiple steps. It is assumed that there are chemical steps in the overall process on Co2Si.
Passivation on manganese monosilicide in sulfuric acid electrolytes
Authors:   Perm State University, Russkikh M.A. , Polkovnikov I.S. ,   Perm State University, Panteleeva V.V. ,   Perm State University, Shein A.B. ,   Perm State University
Published: September 2021

Several features of the electrode reactions that occur at the surface of transition metal silicide (high strength metal-silicon bond, the effect of chemical reactions and the formation of passivating oxide films) leading to high interest to intermetallic compounds. Anodic behavior of the MnSi electrode in solutions 0.5 M H2SO4 and 0.05 M H2SO4 + 0.45 M Na2SO4 was studied by polarization and impedance measurements. It was concluded that the surface of manganese silicide is coated with an oxide film similar in composition to SiO2. The thickness and resistivity of the oxide film were calculated depending on potential and concentration of sulfuric acid. Generalization and theoretical explanation of the research results may provide a basis for predicting corrosion resistance of metal-silicon alloys in a wide range of corrosive environments.