bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
DIVERSIDADE DE FUNGOS AQUÁTICOS EM UMA LAGOA URBANA DA MATA ATLÂNTICA
Authors: Da Silva Rasvailer Vinícius , Ratz Scoarize Matheus Maximilian , Benedito Evanilde
Published: September 2020

A Mata Atlântica é um dos hotspots de biodiversidade brasileiros e sofre massiva fragmentação, e até mesmo as florestas presentes em parques urbanos têm sido ameaçadas por ações antrópicas. O Parque do Ingá é um fragmento urbano de mata nativa, principal atração turística verde de Maringá e desempenha função educacional. O local abriga uma lagoa artificial, projetada para fins econômicos e recreativos, representando um ecossistema para os fungos aquáticos. Os fungos são vitais para a decomposição da matéria orgânica nos corpos hídricos, além de bioindicadores. A decomposição é um serviço ecossistêmico responsável pela ciclagem de nutrientes estabelecendo uma relação entre a vegetação ripária e a biota aquática. O trabalho teve como objetivo investigar a diversidade e a estrutura da micobiota local nos períodos de chuvas e seca. Amostras de fungos aquáticos foram coletadas nas margens do corpo central da lagoa e em suas áreas de conexão. Para a análise dos dados foram utilizados índices de diversidade biológica. Foram identificados 9 táxons nas amostras obtidas, sendo que no período de seca foi encontrada uma maior diversidade, enquanto na época de chuvas uma maior abundância. O valor de Shannon-Wiener foi 0,9 e o índice de dominância (Simpson) de Anguillospora longissima foi 0,4. Ante os índices, dados limnológicos e a relevância do parque, concluiu-se que são necessárias medidas urgentes para a restauração do ambiente, entre elas sugere-se medidas de manejo, monitoramento e conservação a serem incluídas na revisão do plano de manejo do parque.
CONSTRUÇÃO E UTILIZAÇÃO DE UM JOGO DIGITAL PARA O ENSINO DE ELETRICIDADE
Authors: CARDOSO VALDINEI , Almeida Júnior Edson Ribeiro de Britto de , Kato Lilian Akemi
Published: September 2020

Esta é uma pesquisa qualitativa, que versa a respeito da produção, pautada na teoria cognitiva da aprendizagem multimídia, de um jogo digital para o ensino de conceitos inerentes à Física, mais precisamente à eletrização dos corpos. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram estudantes do Ensino Médio de escolas localizadas na região noroeste do Estado do Paraná, Brasil, com idade média de 16 anos e a interação com o jogo digital ocorreu em horário extraclasse. Os resultados indicam que a utilização de imagens e sons durante a interação com um jogo digital educativo, para o estudo de um tema abstrato como é a Eletrostática, possibilitou aos estudantes atribuírem significados e indícios de compreensão dos conceitos estudados. Além disso, a produção do jogo pautando-se na teoria cognitiva da aprendizagem multimídia nos possibilitou dar especial atenção ao desenvolvimento de todas as fases do jogo no sentido de aumentar o seu potencial de ensino, de acordo com os pressupostos desta teoria.
PLASTICIDADE NEURAL, NEUROCIÊNCIA E EDUCAÇÃO: AS BASES DO APRENDIZADO
Authors: Gonçalves da Silva Lima Maria do Carmo
Published: September 2020

O estudo da neurociência tem por objetivo analisar as bases neurobiológicas do aprendizado e, assim, compreender como se processa a aprendizagem no aprendiz. Percebe-se que, nas últimas décadas, tem havido grande interesse por parte de pesquisadores de diferentes áreas na busca por compreender a relação entre a neurociência e a aprendizagem. Assim, entender essas novas abordagens é de suma importância para se repensar as práticas pedagógicas na contemporaneidade no sentido de promover novas estratégias de ensino, tendo como perspectiva a interação dos saberes entre neurociência e educação.  Diante disso, buscamos discorrer neste trabalho a relação entre a plasticidade neural, neurociência e educação, tendo como foco a análise de como ocorre a aprendizagem no indivíduo.
Estratégias de prevenção de quedas em puérperas: revisão integrativa da literatura/ Strategies to prevent falls in puerperal women: an integrative literature review
Authors: Costa Antonia Gabriela Torres , Nascimento Firmino Vitor Hugo , Milfont Boeckmann Lara Mabelle , Magalhães Adriana Simão , Lopes Patrícia Archanjo , Soares Rodrigues Maria Cristina
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Identificar evidências científicas, publicadas de 2009 a julho de 2020, sobre estratégias para prevenir quedas em puérperas. Métodos: Revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases eletrônicas: The US National Library of Medicine, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online, Cochrane Library e Scientific Eletronic Library Online. Resultados: Encontraram-se 429 artigos, sendo nove selecionados para análise. Os eixos temáticos encontrados se basearam na utilização de protocolos e ferramentas para avaliação e prevenção de quedas em puérperas, com enfoque na importância das orientações e medidas de cuidados para prevenção de quedas. A limitação deste estudo se refere ao baixo número de publicações que trataram especificamente de quedas entre puérperas, o que dificultou análise mais ampla. Conclusão: Os estudos demonstraram que as estratégias adotadas preveniram quedas em puérperas. A contribuição deste estudo se pauta na reflexão da prática profissional segura e promoção da cultura da segurança do paciente. Ademais, aponta-se como lacuna do conhecimento a ausência de pesquisas brasileiras, urgindo, deste modo, condução de estudos que contemplem essa temática, sobretudo, por enfermeiros.
 Tecnologia educacional para pessoas em uso de insulina / Educational technology for people using insulin
Authors: Rodrigues Sabrina Cristiane , Schleder Gonçalves Luciana
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Construir e validar uma tecnologia educacional, impressa, do tipo álbum seriado para subsidiar ações educacionais de profissionais de saúde para pessoas com diabetes e em uso de insulina. Método: Pesquisa metodológica, contemplando três etapas: na primeira, a definição do referencial bibliográfico para construção do álbum seriado; na segunda, a construção da tecnologia educacional; na terceira, a validação do álbum seriado pelo público alvo e juízes especialistas. Na validação, a tecnologia foi submetida à apreciação de dez participantes públicos alvo e dez juízes. Foi aplicado um instrumento de coleta de dados abordando critérios relacionados à organização, estilo da escrita, aparência e motivação para o público alvo, e aparência e conteúdo para os juízes especialistas. Aos dados foi aplicado o Índice de Validação de Conteúdo (IVC). Considerou-se um índice de concordância de 0,90 para validação do álbum seriado. Resultado: O IVC global foi de 1,0 para o público-alvo, e de 0,98 para os juízes especialistas. Considerações finais: O estudo alcançou seu objetivo de construir e validar uma tecnologia educacional, considerada adequada para uso por seus avaliadores. Conclui-se que o álbum seriado é uma ferramenta de grande potencial na educação em saúde de pessoas com diabetes e em uso de insulina.
Equipe multiprofissional no preparo para a alta hospitalar de crianças com condições crônicas/Multi-professional team in hospital discharge of children and adolescents with chronic conditions
Authors: Alves Delmiro Andrezza Rayana da Costa , Acioli Gomes Pimenta Erika , Medeiros da Nóbrega Vanessa , Teixeira Bento Fernandes Leiliane , Cavalcanti Barros Gabriela
Published: September 2020

Objetivo: Conhecer o preparo para alta hospitalar realizado pela equipe multiprofissional de saúde a crianças com condições crônicas e seus familiares. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa, exploratória-descritiva, realizada entre novembro de 2018 e março de 2019por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com dez profissionais da equipe multiprofissional de saúde da Clínica Pediátrica de um hospital da Paraíba. As entrevistas foram submetidas à Análise Temática de Minayo. Resultados: O preparo para a alta hospitalar é complexo e sofre diversas influências da dinâmica do serviço. Evidenciou-se dificuldade de inclusão de ações integradas no preparo para alta durante a assistência cotidiana da equipe multiprofissional. Durante esse processo, destaca-se a importância da inclusão da criança nos cuidados, ressaltando a necessidade da autopercepção sobre sua situação atual de saúde, assim como a possibilidade de realizar o autocuidado, a depender da sua idade, compreensão e dos riscos ao realizar o procedimento. Considerações finais: Há diversas fragilidades na implementação do preparo para a alta hospitalar na clínica pediátrica, como a inexistência de protocolo ou norma que balize esse processo, realização de intervenções desarticuladas e individualizadas inerentes a cada formação profissional, dificultando o processo de aprendizagem efetivo da família, comprometendo o retorno ao domicílio com segurança.
Impact of Tip-Vortex Modeling Uncertainty on Helicopter Rotor Blade–Vortex Interaction Noise Prediction
Authors: Vouros Stavros , Goulos Ioannis , Scullion Calum , Nalianda Devaiah , Pachidis Vassilios
Published: September 2020

Free-wake models are routinely used in aeroacoustic analysis of helicopter rotors; however, their semiempiricism is accompanied with uncertainty related to the modeling of physical wake parameters. In some cases, analysts have to resort to empirical adaption of these parameters based
on previous experimental evidence. This paper investigates the impact of inherent uncertainty in wake aerodynamic modeling on the robustness of helicopter rotor aeroacoustic analysis. A free-wake aeroelastic rotor model is employed to predict high-resolution unsteady airloads, including blade–vortex
interactions. A rotor aeroacoustics model, based on integral solutions of the Ffowcs Williams–Hawkings equation, is utilized to calculate aerodynamic noise in the time domain. The individual analytical models are incorporated into an uncertainty analysis numerical procedure, implemented
through nonintrusive Polynomial Chaos expansion. The potential sources of uncertainty in wake tip-vortex core growth modeling are identified and their impact on noise predictions is systematically quantified. When experimental data to adjust the tip-vortex core model are not available the
uncertainty in acoustic pressure and noise impact at observers dominated by blade–vortex interaction noise can reach up to 25% and 3.50 dB, respectively. A set of generalized uncertainty maps is derived, for use as modeling guidelines for aeroacoustic analysis in the absence of the robust
evidence necessary for calibration of semiempirical vortex core models.
Neridronate in bone marrow edema syndrome. Efficacy and safety of two therapeutic regimens
Authors: Lurati Alfredomaria , Laria Antonella , Faggioli Paola , Tamburello Antonio , Castelnovo Laura , Mazzone Antonino
Published: September 2020

The bone marrow edema syndrome (BMES) is a severely disabling pain syndrome without a definite treatment and refers to transient clinical conditions with unknown pathogenic mechanism, such as transient osteoporosis of the hip, regional migratory osteoporosis, and reflex sympathetic dystrophy. Magnetic resonance imaging is used for early diagnosis and monitoring of its progression. Early differentiation from other aggressive conditions with longterm sequelae is essential in order to avoid unnecessary treatment. The aim of this monocentric trial was to test the efficacy and the safety of amino-bisphosphonate neridronate administered in two different regimens in patients with BMES. 192 patients with BMES secondary to osteoarthritis localized in the knee, hip, wrist or foot were randomly assigned to intravenous (iv) infusion of 100 mg neridronate given four times over 10 days (Group A, 72 subjects) or alternatively to iv infusions of 100 mg every 21 days over 3 months (Group B, 120 subjects). Magnetic resonance image (MRI) was performed at baseline and after 180 days. We assessed a 0-100 mm pain visual analogue scale (VAS) in each patient, too. Outcomes were MRI changes and VAS changes. A control group (35 patients) was enrolled too, treated conservatively with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and articular rest. We observed a significant improvement in MRI with the resolution of bone marrow lesions present at the baseline (P<0.01), without a significant difference between Group A and Group B. The VAS score decreased significantly during the study in both groups (P<0.05) without a significant difference between the two treatment groups (P>0.1). Both groups showed a significant clinical and radiologic improvement compared with the control group (P<0.001). In patients with BMES, the infusions of neridronate 100 mg every 21 days over 3 months or alternately every 3 days over 10 days were associated with clinically relevant and persistent benefits without significant differences between the two treatment schedules. These results provide conclusive evidence that the use of bisphosphonates, at appropriate doses, is the treatment of choice in BMES.
Difference in the Association of Food Security and Dietary Diversity with and without Imposed Ten Grams Minimum Consumption
Authors: Mahmudiono Trias , Suro Andadari Dwi Putri Pangesti , Segalita Calista
Published: September 2020

Background

Dietary diversity measurement is one of the simple tools to assess the quality of food consumed in populationlevel and endorse by many international agencies. However, there is a growing concern that the current dietary diversity measures were lacking in the sensitivity due to the omission of minimum food consumed to be considered as consuming certain food groups in the calculation of dietary diversity score. The purpose of this study is to find the difference in DDS measurement between two methods by applying a 10-grams minimum intake for all food groups and the other one, without.

Design

A cross-sectional studies involving 55 samples from two villages with different geographical characteristics.

Methods

One village represents the agricultural area; other was fishpond/coastal area. Dietary diversity was analyzed using Individual Dietary Diversity Score (IDDS) with 9 food categorizations. Dietary diversity measurement calculated based on the food recall with consideration of 10 grams minimum of food weight consumption. Mann Whitney Test used to analyze the difference between calculation of dietary diversity score with and without minimum 10-grams.

Results

There is no difference of children's dietary diversity between agriculture and fishpond family group when the dietary diversity was omitting 10 grams minimum intake (pvalue= 0.184), while, using 10 grams minimums intake (p=0.024), there is a difference.

Conclusions

Using 10 grams minimum had shown to strengthened the relationship between dietary diversity and adequacy. Further research is needed to find other minimum requirement in different kind of population to find differences among them.
Prevalence of possible developmental coordination disorder among Grade 1 learners in low socio-economic environments in Mangaung, South Africa
Authors: Du Plessis Alretha Margaretha , De Milander Monique , Coetzee Frederick Francois , Nel Mariette
Published: September 2020

Background: Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) affects motor skills and consequently has an impact on the performance in daily living activities of learners with this impairment.Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of possible DCD in Grade 1 (Gr. 1) learners in a low socio-economic environment in Mangaung, South Africa.Setting: The study was conducted in the Mangaung Metro, Motheo District, Free State Province. Gr. 1 learners, 6–8 years old (n = 242), from a low socio-economic environment attending Quintile 1–3 schools were randomly selected for assessment.Methods: The Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2nd edition (MABC-2) was used to identify learners with possible DCD. Furthermore, results were compared with regard to gender.Results: Of the 242 learners, 9.9% were identified with possible DCD. With regard to gender, 10.5% of boys and 9.3% of girls showed signs of possible DCD. No significant difference (p = 0.9439) has been found between boys and girls.Conclusion: The prevalence of possible DCD among Gr. 1 learners in this setting was higher than that in previously reported studies in other low and high socio-economic environments of South Africa. Further research is required to establish the full extent of possible DCD within learners living in low socio-economic environments.
NC1-peptide derived from collagen α3 (IV) chain is a blood-tissue barrier regulator
Authors: Liu Shi-Wen , Li Hui-Tao , Ge Ren-Shan , Cheng C Yan
Published: September 2020

Collagen α3 (IV) chains are one of the major constituent components of the basement membrane in the mammalian testis. Studies have shown that biologically active fragments, such as noncollagenase domain (NC1)-peptide, can be released from the C-terminal region of collagen α3 (IV) chains, possibly through the proteolytic action of metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9). NC1-peptide was shown to promote blood–testis barrier (BTB) remodeling and fully developed spermatid (e.g., sperm) release from the seminiferous epithelium because this bioactive peptide was capable of perturbing the organization of both actin- and microtubule (MT)-based cytoskeletons at the Sertoli cell–cell and also Sertoli–spermatid interface, the ultrastructure known as the basal ectoplasmic specialization (ES) and apical ES, respectively. More importantly, recent studies have shown that this NC1-peptide-induced effects on cytoskeletal organization in the testis are mediated through an activation of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1/ribosomal protein S6/transforming retrovirus Akt1/2 protein (mTORC1/rpS6/Akt1/2) signaling cascade, involving an activation of cell division control protein 42 homolog (Cdc42) GTPase, but not Ras homolog family member A GTPase (RhoA), and the participation of end-binding protein 1 (EB1), a microtubule plus (+) end tracking protein (+TIP), downstream. Herein, we critically evaluate these findings, providing a critical discussion by which the basement membrane modulates spermatogenesis through one of its locally generated regulatory peptides in the testis.
Optimizing the shielding properties of strength-enhanced concrete containing marble
Authors: Abdel-Latif Ahmed , Kassab Maged , Sayyed M. I. , Tekin H. O.
Published: September 2020

The purpose of this study is to develop a low cost, locally produced concrete mixture with optimum marble content. The resulting mixture would have enhanced strength properties compared to the non-marble reference concrete, and improved radiation shielding properties. To accomplish these goals five concrete mixtures were prepared, containing 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20% marble waste powder as a cement replacement on the basis of weight.These samples were subjected to a compressive strength test. The shielding parameters such as mass attenuation coefficients μm, mean free path MFP, effective atomic number $Z_{eff}$ and exposure build-up factors EBF were measured, and results were compared with those obtained using the WinXcom program  and MCNPX code in the photon energy range of 0.015 - 3 MeV. Moreover, the macroscopic fast neutron removal cross-section (neutron attenuation coefficient) was calculated and the results presented. The results show that the sample which contains 10% marble has the highest compressive strength and potentially good gamma ray and neutron radiation shielding properties.
Pre-diagnostic drop out of presumptive TB patients and its associated factors at Bugembe Health Centre IV in Jinja, Uganda
Authors: Ekuka Godfrey , Kawooya Ismael , Kayongo Edward , Ssenyonga Ronald , Mugabe Frank , Awongo Chaiga Peter , Nsawotebba Andrew , Tweya Hannock , Mijumbi-Deve Rhona
Published: September 2020

Background: Drop out of presumptive TB individuals before making a final diagnosis poses a danger to the individual and their community. We aimed to determine the proportion of these presumptive TB drop outs and their associated factors in Bugembe Health Centre, Jinja, Uganda.

Methods: We used data from the DHIS2, presumptive and laboratory registers of Bugembe Health Centre IV for 2017. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the population characteristics. A modified Poisson regression model via the generalized linear model (GLM) with log link and robust standard errors was used for bivariate and multivariate analysis.

Results: Among the 216 registered presumptive TB patients who were less than 1% of patients visiting the outpatients’ department, 40.7% dropped out before final diagnosis was made. Age and HIV status were significantly associated with pre-diagnostic drop out while gender and distance from the health center were not.

Conclusion: A high risk to individuals and the community is posed by the significant proportion of presumptive TB pa- tients dropping out before final diagnosis. Health systems managers need to consider interventions targeting young persons, male patients, HIV positive persons.

Keywords: Tuberculosis (TB); Pre-diagnostic drop out; Presumptive TB; SORT IT.
Biofilm formation of Candida Spp. isolated from the vagina and antibiofilm activities of lactic acid bacteria on the these Candida Isolates
Authors: Kıvanç Merih , Er Sevda
Published: September 2020

Background: In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of bacterial cells and cell-free filtrates of Lactobacillus acidophilus 8MR7 and Lactobacillus paracasei subspecies paracasei 10MR8 on the biofilm formation of 3 Candida tropicalis, 3 C. glabrata and 12 C. albicans isolated from the vagina and identified their virulence factors.

Methods: Haemolytic activities esterase activities, and phospholipase activities as virulence factors of Candida strains were determined. Biofilm formations of these isolates were determined by Congo Red agar and microtitration plate method. Anti-biofilm activities of bacterial cells and cell-free filtrates of L. acidophilus 8MR7 and L. paracasei subspecies paracasei 10MR8 on Candida isolates were determined by the microtitration plate method.

Results: Bacterial cells of L. acidophilus 8MR7 and L. paracasei subspecies paracasei 10MR8 were not very effective in the in- hibition of biofilm, whereas it has been observed that the cell-free filtrates of these bacteria inhibit the formation of biofilms of Candida strains. Although the main mechanism for inhibiting the formation of Candida spp. biofilm is the competition for adhesion, it is concluded that the substances contained in the cell-free filtrates of lactic acid bacteria are also important.

Conclusion: These isolates promise hope as potential bacteria that can be used for anti-adhesion purposes in health-care materials.

Keywords: Lactobacillus acidophilus; L. paracesei subspecies paracesei; vagina; biofilm.
Condom use: a less travelled route among minibus taxi drivers and their taxi queens in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa
Authors: G Mchunu Gugu , R Naidoo Joanne , P Ncama Busisiwe
Published: September 2020

Background: Despite significant gains in the HIV epidemic in South Africa, with reduction in mortality and elimination of vertical transmission, national HIV prevalence remains high, with women rather than men continuing to bear higher bur- den of the disease. Population subgroups, through ignorance, disbelief or recklessness, continue to engage in risky sexual behaviour. A substantial proportion of minibus taxi drivers engage in risky sex, seldom seeing themselves at risk for STIs or HIV/AIDS. These taxi drivers have been linked with so-called taxi queens, with whom they engage in transactional and intergenerational relationships.

Objectives: The study explored condom use and condom negotiation strategies among taxi drivers and taxi queens in Kwa- Zulu-Natal, South Africa.

Methods: Applying explorative qualitative design, we conducted focus group discussion and individual interviews among participants who were purposively recruited in KwaZulu-Natal.

Results: Qualitative data analysis revealed that condom use and negotiation are sources of conflict for the participants. In addition, the strategies employed by participants to ensure condom usage are not always sustainable and are likely to be problematic due to a variety of complex factors.

Conclusion: Our study concludes by recommending a nested public health response that takes cognizance of factors that promote sustainable condom use strategies among this population subgroup.

Keywords: Condom use; minibus taxi drivers; KwaZulu-Natal; South Africa.
Trends in rape cases in a Nigerian state
Authors: A Idoko Chinedu , Nwobodo Ed , I Idoko Chinelo
Published: September 2020

Background: Rape remains a controversial issue with a few victims reporting experience because of the myriad of societal perception, prolonged steps in pursuing a case to logical conclusion of securing conviction, as well as psychological and physical residuals of the experience. Data in Nigeria is therefore hard to come by as it is diminished and often not available.

Objectives: To assess the pattern and trend of rape cases in a State in Nigeria.

Methods: A descriptive and retrospective study where data records on socio-demographics and case specifics was collected on victims of sexual assault that reported to DFID/ PATHS 2 supported Tamar Sexual Assault Centre between 2014 and 2016 after which it was analysed and presented in bar charts.

Results: The yearly prevalence varied for the different age groups studied with the highest prevalence noted for 13 years and above (175,200,255) over the 3 years of 2014, 2015 and 2016 studied. The reported cases also improved over the studied years with rates of 0.47, 0.96 and 0.5 respectively.

Conclusion: The yearly comparison and baseline data show that the centre's establishment caused an improvement in rape case reporting and follow-up.

Keywords: Rape; trends; Nigerian; State.
Pattern of congenital heart disease among children presenting to the Uganda Heart Institute, Mulago Hospital: a 7-year review
Authors: Namuyonga Judith , Lubega Sulaiman , Aliku Twalib , Omagino John , Sable Craig , Lwabi Peter
Published: September 2020

Background: Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common congenital anomaly in children. Over half of the deaths due to CHD occur in the neonatal period. Most children with unrepaired complex heart lesions do not live to celebrate their first birthday. We describe the spectrum of congenital heart disease in Uganda.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the data of children with CHD who presented to the Uganda Heart Institute (UHI), Mulago Hospital Complex from 2007 to 2014.

Results: A total of 4621 children were seen at the UHI during the study period. Of these, 3526 (76.3%) had CHD; 1941(55%) were females. Isolated ventricular septal defect (VSD) was the most common CHD seen in 923 (27.2%) children followed by Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) 760 (22%) and atrial septal defects (ASD) 332 (9.4%). Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) and Truncus arteriosus were the most common cyanotic heart defects (7% and 5% respectively). Dysmorphic features were diagnosed in 185 children, of which 61 underwent genetic testing (Down syndrome=24, 22q11.2 deletion syndrome n=10). Children with confirmed 22q11.2 deletion had conotruncal abnormalities.

Conclusion: Isolated VSD and Tetralogy of Fallot are the most common acyanotic and cyanotic congenital heart defects. We report an unusually high occurrence of Truncus arteriosus.

Keywords: Congenital heart disease; children; Uganda.
Non infective bullous lesions: a diagnostic challenge in a minimally equipped centre- based solely on microscopic findings
Authors: Garg Rashi , Bhojani Kaushal
Published: September 2020

Vesicobullous lesions of skin may occur in different forms of dermatosis, which include various inflammatory, infective, autoimmune, drug induced as well as genetic conditions. Autoimmune bullous lesions, may be fatal if not treated with ap- propriate agents. Bearing in mind, the morbidity of these diseases, it is important to establish a firm diagnosis. A diagnostic skin biopsy with immunofluorescence is frequently used to confirm a clinical diagnosis, especially where it is not apparent clinically. There are many centres in India where immunofluorescence is not available and the diagnosis in these lesions is based on clinical and histopathological features only. Here in this study, we studied 53 skin punch biopsies with clinical suspicion of vesicobullous lesions followed by histopathological examination was carried out over a period of 2 years in a Medical College in Gujarat. Lesions were categorised based on the location of the blister. 1) Suprabasal 2) subcorneal 3) and subepidermal. Further subtyping was done based on additional histopathological features and clinical correlation. All the patients responded appropriately to the treatment and the results correlated well with the immunofluorescence done in a few cases. This study lays emphasis upon the histopathology and clinical features keeping in consideration of the lack of ancillary techniques in many centres especially in the developing world.

Keywords: Non infective bullous lesions; microscopic examination.
Effect of levetiracetam drug on antioxidant and liver enzymes in epileptic patients: case-control study
Authors: Mahdavi Atena , Alavi Naeini Amirmansour , Najafi Mohammadreza , Maracy Mohammadreza , Aghaye Ghazvini Mohammadreza
Published: September 2020

Background: There is a limited amount of data regarding levetiracetam (LEV), an antiepileptic drug.

Objective: This study was conducted to assess the effect of LEV on antioxidant status and liver enzymes.

Method: In this case-control study, 33 epileptic patients under treatment with LEV for at least 6 months were compared with 35 healthy subjects. We measured serum total antioxidant capacity (TAC), salivary superoxide dismutase (SOD), alanine aminoteransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminoteransferase (AST) levels in both groups. Dietary intakes were collected using a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ).

Result: The level of TAC in the healthy subjects was significantly higher than it was in the patients (P=0.02), but the mean of ALT (P=0.02) and AST (P=0.03) was significantly higher in the patients in comparison with the controls. Mean salivary SOD showed no difference between the two groups. In the patients, the duration of drug use was inversely correlated with serum TAC (p=0.04) and had a direct correlation with ALT (p=0.01) and AST (p=0.03.).

Conclusion: The results of our study indicated that LEV increased liver enzymes Also, treatment with this drug did not improve oxidative stress, but this could be due to the different in the dietary antioxidant intake. Routine screening of the liver and antioxidant enzymes in patients with chronic use of LEV is recommended.

Keywords: Levetiracetam; antioxidant; liver enzymes; epilepsy.
ANALISIS PENGELOLAAN EVALUASI PEMBELAJARAN KURIKULUM 2013 DI SEKOLAH DASAR
Authors: Winarti Dwi Febriani  , Geri Syahril Sidik  , Riza Fatimah Zahrah
Published: September 2020

The background of this research is that the evaluation of learning conducted in the 2013 curriculumbased learning process is often not optimally prepared and has not held fast to the guidelines so that there are still many teachers who have not optimally implemented the 2013 curriculum. The purpose of this study was to describe and analyze the teacher's cognitive readiness in implementing the 2013 curriculum and the management of learning evaluation of cognitive and affective aspects at SDN Cipadung, Kab. Tasikmalaya. This research use desciptive qualitative approach. Data collection techniques using triangulation with instruments used were teacher's cognitive readiness questionnaire, observation sheet and interview sheet for evaluating the 2013 curriculum learning management. The population of this research is all teachers of SDN Cipadung in Parungponteng District, Tasikmalaya Regency. The results showed that based on the results of calculation and analysis of questionnaires, aspects of teacher cognitive readiness obtained good categories. Based on the results of observations and interviews regarding the management of 2013 curriculum learning evaluations on the cognitive aspects get a good category, while the affective aspects get enough categories. It can be concluded that the cognitive readiness of teachers in implementing the 2013 curriculum is good and the management of learning evaluation of cognitive and affective aspects is good.

 

Abstrak

Latar belakang penelitian ini adalah Evaluasi pembelajaran yang dilakukan dalam proses pembelajaran berbasis Kurikulum 2013 sering kali tidak dipersiapkan secara maksimal dan belum berpegang teguh pada pedoman sehingga masih banyak guru yang belum maksimal mengimplementasikan kurikulum 2013.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran dan menganalisis tentang kesiapan kognitif guru dalam menerapkan kurikulum 2013 dan pengelolaan evaluasi pembelajaran aspek kognitif dan afektif di SDN Cipadung Kab. Tasikmalaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif-kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan triangulasidengan instrumen yang digunakan adalah angket kesiapan kognitif guru, lembar observasi dan lembar wawancara pengelolaan evaluasi pembelajaran kurikulum 2013. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh guruSDN Cipadung di Kecamatan Parungponteng, Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan hasil perhitungan dan analisis angket, aspek kesiapan kognitif guru memperoleh kategori baik. Berdasarkan hasil observasi dan wawancara mengenai pengelolaan evaluasi pembelajaran kurikulum 2013 pada aspek kognitif memperoleh kategori baik, sedangkan pada aspek afektif memperoleh kategori cukup. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa kesiapan kognitif guru dalam menerapkan kurikulum 2013 sudah baik dan pengelolaan evaluasi pembelajaran aspek kognitif dan aspek afektif sudah baik.

Kata Kunci: Evaluasi, Sekolah Dasar, Kurtilas, Kesiapan Kognitif.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE PAIR CHECKS BERBANTUAN KARTU SOAL TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR IPS TERPADU SISWA KELAS VIII
Authors: Sihombing Lisbet
Published: September 2020

This study aims to determine whether the Pair Checks Cooperative model can improve the learning outcomes of students of class VIII in SMP Negeri 2 Tanah Java. The research model used is quantitative research. The population is all eighth grade students of SMP Negeri 2 Tanah Java by taking a purposive sampling technique, two classes were selected as the sample of this study, namely VIII IPS 1 class as an experimental class of 32 people and VIII IPS 2 as a control class of 32 people too. The instrument used was a social studies achievement test in the form of multiple choice. The data analysis technique used in this study is the t-test. In testing the hypotheses used the statistical test t test results obtained calculations tcount> t table at the level = 0.05 with dk 62 = = 32 + 32-2 = 62 ie (5.50> 1.99) thus H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted . In other words after the experiment was carried out there was a significant influence between the use of the Effect of Cooperative Learning Model Type Pair Checks Assisted by Problem Cards to Integrated Social Studies Learning Outcomes of Class VIII Students of SMP Negeri 2 Tanah Java in Academic Year 2019/2020.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah model Kooperatif Tipe Pair Checks dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar Ekonomi siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Tanah Jawa. Model penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kuantitatif. Populasinya adalah seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Tanah Jawa dengan pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik Purposif sampling, dipilih dua kelas sebagai sampel penelitian ini, yaitu kelas VIII IPS 1 sebagai kelas eksperimen yang berjumlah 32 orang dan VIII IPS 2 sebagai kelas kontrol yang berjumlah 32 orang juga. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes hasil belajar IPS berbentuk pilihan ganda. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah uji-t. Dalam pengujian hipotesis digunakan uji statistik uji t hasil perhitungan tersebut diperoleh thitung > ttabel pada taraf  = 0,05 dengan dk 62 =     = 32+32-2=62 yakni ( 5,50>1,99) dengan demikian H0 ditolak dan H1 diterima. Dengan kata lain setelah eksperimen dilakukan ada pengaruh yang signifikan antara penggunakan Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Pair Checks Berbantuan Kartu Soal Terhadap Hasil Belajar IPS Terpadu Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Tanah Jawa Tahun Ajaran 2019/2020.

Kata Kunci  : Model Pembelajaran , Kooperatif Tipe Pair Checks,  Berbantuan Kartu Soal,  Hasil Belajar
Bangladesh’s Flooding: Coping Strategies of Flood Affected People of Nageshwari Upazila
Authors: Sarker Mehraz Hossain , Sujauddin K. M.
Published: September 2020

Flood is one of the most common natural disasters in Southeast Asia, especially in Bangladesh. Extreme flood inundates more than half of the developing country’s landmass causing immense suffering to human life, damages properties, and economy. Furthermore, flood protection and management have been emphasized in terms of the sustainable development approach against climate impacts. As a result, Bangladesh has developed distinct indigenous practices to protect themselves from floods. The study aimed to identify the coping mechanisms and indigenous knowledge and the barriers to using these mechanisms.  The study was conducted in two unions named Ratanpur and Nunkhawa of Nageshwari Upazila which is an Upazila of Kurigram District of Bangladesh. The study was based on. A mixed-method was used for the study. The survey questionnaire, focus group discussion (FGD) and key informants’ interviews (KII) were used as the tools for collecting data. Most of the respondents were farmers who had very minimal income level. Even though respondents used the shelter center during the flood incident, selling assents, letting children work, multiple works, extra labor were the fundamental strategies to overcome financial damage. The most common challenges faced by the victims to overcome the situation were the financial scarcity and recovering wasted crops. Filing to recover the vulnerability made some of the respondents migrate to another city or place. Proper money lending and credit system at reasonable or without interest rate, Instant food, and pure water supply can facilitate their mechanism.
Mardin İli Geleneksel Halk Hekimliğinde Yanık Uygulamaları
Authors: Çifçi Tekin , Demir Halit
Published: September 2020

Çevresel etkenlerin, gelenek, görenek ve tecrübeyle birleştirilmesiyle beraber yüzyıllar içerisinde halk hekimliği ortaya çıkmıştır. Mardin'de, modern tıbbın gelişimine paralel olarak halk hekimliği yöntem ve uygulamaları da değişerek ve gelişerek varlığını sürdürmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Mardin geleneksel halk hekimliğinde önemli bir yeri olan yanık tedavisi uygulamaları, örnek bir yanık vakası üzerinden ele alınmıştır. Bu çalışmaya konu olan vaka, ilk günden itibaren izlemeye alınmış, yapılan uygulamalar düzenli aralıklarla görüntülenmiş ve kayıt altına alınmıştır. Kızgın yağın dökülmesi suretiyle hastanın sol eli yanmıştır. Mardin Devlet Hastanesi acil servisinde yapılan ilk muayenede 2. derece yanık teşhisi konulmuş, ilk müdahale yapılmış ve hasta taburcu edilmiştir. İlerleyen saatlerde ağrı dayanılmaz bir hale gelince halk hekimliği yöntemlerine başvurulma ihtiyacı duyulmuştur. Daha sonra hasta, Mardin ili Kızıltepe ilçesinde yaşayan halk hekimi Ş.B.'ye başvurmuştur. Halk hekiminin eczaneden getirttiği iki ilaç, bal mumu, mum, zeytinyağı ve köy yumurtasından oluşan malzemelerle hazırladığı karışım belirli aralıklarla yaraya uygulanmıştır. Yaklaşık iki buçuk aylık bir tedavi sürecinin ardından yaranın hemen hemen iz bırakmayacak şekilde iyileştiği gözlemlenmiştir. Bu uygulamanın en önemli özelliği tedavide geleneksel halk hekimliği ile modern tıbbın olanaklarının birleştirilmesidir. Bu vakada yapılan uygulama, hastalıkların tedavisinde halk hekimliği ve modern tıbbın olanaklarının bir arada kullanılmasının önemini ortaya koymaktadır.
Benefits of recreation in the “Nad Tanwią” nature reserve determined by the travel cost method
Authors: Mandziuk Agnieszka , Parzych Stanislaw , Studnicki Marcin
Published: September 2020

The quality and quantity of valuable natural areas is assessed through the prism of benefits derived from all the functions performed by them, among which tourist and recreational functions play an increasingly important role. The main purpose of this paper was to determine economic benefits obtained by tourists visiting the “Nad Tanwią” nature reserve located in the south-eastern part of Poland, calculated using the travel cost method, TCM. The survey method was used as part of the research. Surveys were conducted from May to September 2017 on a group of 341 respondents. Data regarding the length of the visit and the amount of costs related to the stay in the reserve were subject to statistical analysis using the CART method. The results of the survey showed that the respondents reported a need for 14 types of visits depending on their duration. The value of the consumer surplus amounted to PLN 986/person, and the value of the gross benefit amounted to PLN 1,069/person. The value of the consumer surplus, which was the share of tourists visiting the reserve during the year, amounted to PLN 108 million, and the gross value of non-market benefits for this group was PLN 118 million. The developed model of travel costs in the reserve allows for the assessment of recreational benefits of this place. The development of tourism and recreation in areas attractive in terms of nature contributes to improvement regarding meeting recreational needs of tourists and the existing transportation infrastructure.

 

Keywords: leisure, tourism, valuation, protected area, “Nad Tanwią” nature reserve, travel cost method, consumer surplus
Prevention of iodine deficiency: awareness and consumer choice of the university students
Authors: Gladkaya Valentina S. , Gritsinskaya Vera L.
Published: September 2020

Introduction. The territory of the Republic of Khakassia is endemic for goiter, in this regard, both the prevention and correction of iodine deficiency are very important. University students are a part of society, which makes up its main reproductive reserve, and the increased level of intellectual load on the background of adaptation to new living conditions and the educational process requires the adequate provision of iodine, the lack of which can negatively affect their health. The purpose of research. Assess the level of awareness and commitment to preventative behavior of University students. Material and methods. To assess the level of awareness about the negative consequences of iodine deficiency and its prevention, a questionnaire was developed for students. 452 freshmen (281 girls and 171 boys) of Khakass State University took part in an anonymous sociological poll voluntarily. Results. When analyzing interview data, it was determined only 61.6% of students to be aware of the problem of biosphere iodine deficiency in the republic; 18.8% of students found it difficult to name the clinical manifestations of iodine deficiency conditions and the most sensitive periods of ontogenesis to iodine deficiency. Methods for the prevention of iodine deficiency 25% of students consider inaccessible and expensive. 39.6% of students buy iodized salt, but only 65.5% of them are aware of the peculiarities of its storage at home and 37.5% are correctly used in cooking (before serving and at the end of cooking). It was noted the low level of regular consumption of foods rich in iodine: in 70% of respondents, these dishes were in the diet less than once a week; and 38.9% of students practically do not eat seafood. Only 2.1% of respondents constantly took iodine-containing drugs; 53.9% of the students did not use the medicine at all, and the rest of the students received iodine occasionally. However, only 4.7% of students taking drugs received an adequate prophylactic dose of iodine. Discussion. Despite the activities carried out in Khakassia in 2014-2016 as part of the program for the prevention of diseases caused by micronutrient deficiency, the study participants have an average awareness of the consequences and availability of measures for the prevention of iodine deficiency. Even among students who are aware of the problem of iodine deficiency conditions, less than half of the respondents understand the importance of eating iodized salt to reduce the overall incidence rate, maintain intellectual performance and reproductive well-being. Our results are consistent with data from surveys conducted in other regions of the country. Conclusions. To preserve and improve the somatic, mental and reproductive health of youth of Khakassia, it is necessary to strengthen the educational component of regional programs for the prevention of iodine deficiency diseases.
Challenges of Planning Secondary School Education in Federal Capital Territory of Abuja, Nigeria
Authors: Ogunode Niyi Jacob
Published: September 2020

The study investigated the challenges facing the planning of secondary schools education in the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) of Abuja, Nigeria. The research design for the study was a survey method. The target population is comprised of educational planners working in the ministry, department and agency of education that deals with education planning. The sample for this study was eighty people by random sampling technique used by four agencies of the federal government in FCT, Abuja. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection in the study. The reliability of the instrument was determined by testing and retesting. The data were analyzed using frequency counting and simple percentage. The result of the study showed; inadequate planning information, inadequate planning materials, poor educational planner training, political instability. Inadequate funding for planning activities and a shortage of professional educational planners are the challenges facing planning for secondary schools in FCT, Abuja, Nigeria
Pertinencia de los programas de formación para la actualización docente en el marco de la socioformación y el desarrollo social sostenible / Relevance of training programs for teachers updating in the framework of socio-formation and sustainable social development
Authors: Alvarado Vázquez José Rosendo , Luna-Nemecio Josemanuel
Published: September 2020

El propósito del presente artículo es realizar un análisis documental a partir de una reflexión conceptual de evaluación desde la socioformación, donde las rúbricas permiten evaluar el desempeño, e identificar el impacto que tienes los cursos presenciales con sus respectivas características en los formadores activos. Para la metodología se tuvieron en cuenta las categorías, y subcategorías que se emplearon para eficientizar la información puesta en la cartografía conceptual al estudiar un concepto o teoría a partir de documentos. Respecto a los resultados, existe una distancia entre los cursos que se imparten a los docentes y la forma de llevarlos a su práctica docente, además de ausencia y pertinencia en temas sustanciales sobre el desarrollo sostenible. Se concluye que aun cuando a los formadores de docentes activos se les ofrece un programa de capacitación, se siguen reproduciendo contenidos programáticos desde su óptica, de lo que a su juicio el estudiante deberá aprender.
The purpose of this article is to carry out a documentary analysis from a conceptual reflection of the evaluation from the socioformation, where the rubrics allow to evaluate the performance and to identify the impact that the face-to-face courses with their respective characteristics have on active trainers. For the methodology, the categories and subcategories that were used to make the information put into the conceptual cartography efficient when studying a concept or theory from documents were taken into account. Regarding the results, there is a distance between the courses that are taught to teachers and the way to take them to their teaching practice, in addition to the absence and relevance of substantial topics on sustainable development. Conclusions: Even when active teacher educators offer them a training program, programmatic content continues to be reproduced from their perspective, from which, in their opinion, the student must learn.
Enfermedad Diverticular. ¿Cuándo operar en forma electiva?
Authors: Canelas Alejandro
Published: September 2020

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