bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Square-wave voltammetry of human blood serum
Authors: Kokoskarova Pavlinka , Stojanov Leon , Najkov Kosta , Ristovska Natasha , Ruskovska Tatjana , Skrzypek Sławomira , Mirceski Valentin
Published: May 2023

A study on voltammetric analysis of blood serum diluted in a phosphate buffer is presented using advanced square-wave voltammetry at an edge plane pyrolytic graphite electrode. The results demonstrate that even in a complex medium like human blood serum, electrochemical characterization can be achieved through the use of advanced voltammetric techniques in conjunction with an appropriate commercially available electrode, such as the edge plane pyrolytic graphite electrode, which boosts superior electrocatalytic properties. Without undergoing any chemical treatment of the serum sample, the square-wave voltammetry technique reveals, for the first time, the electrode reactions of uric acid, bilirubin, and albumin in a single experiment, as represented by well-defined, separated, and intense voltammetric signals. All electrode processes are surface-confined, indicating that the edge plane sites of the electrode serve as an ideal platform for the competitive adsorption of electroactive species, despite the extensive chemical complexity of the serum samples. The speed and differential nature of square-wave voltammetry are crucial for obtaining an outstanding resolution of the voltammetric peaks, maintaining the quasi-reversible nature of the underlying electrode processes, while reducing the impact of follow-up chemical reactions that are coupled to the initial electron transfer for all three detected species, and minimizing fouling of the electrode surface.
A new basic probability assignment generation and combination method for conflict data fusion in the evidence theory
Authors: Tang Yongchuan , Zhou Yonghao , Ren Xiangxuan , Sun Yufei , Huang Yubo , Zhou Deyun
Published: May 2023

Dempster–Shafer evidence theory is an effective method to deal with information fusion. However, how to deal with the fusion paradoxes while using the Dempster’s combination rule is still an open issue. To address this issue, a new basic probability assignment (BPA) generation method based on the cosine similarity and the belief entropy was proposed in this paper. Firstly, Mahalanobis distance was used to measure the similarity between the test sample and BPA of each focal element in the frame of discernment. Then, cosine similarity and belief entropy were used respectively to measure the reliability and uncertainty of each BPA to make adjustments and generate a standard BPA. Finally, Dempster’s combination rule was used for the fusion of new BPAs. Numerical examples were used to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method in solving the classical fusion paradoxes. Besides, the accuracy rates of the classification experiments on datasets were also calculated to verify the rationality and efficiency of the proposed method.
Transcriptomics-based investigation of manganese dioxide nanoparticle toxicity in rats’ choroid plexus
Authors: Meng Chun-Yan , Ma Xin-Yi , Xu Ming-Yan , Pei Sheng-Fei , Liu Yang , Hao Zhuo-Lu , Li Qing-Zhao , Feng Fu-Min
Published: May 2023

Manganese dioxide nanoparticles (MnO2-NPs) have a wide range of applications in biomedicine. Given this widespread usage, it is worth noting that MnO2-NPs are definitely toxic, especially to the brain. However, the damage caused by MnO2-NPs to the choroid plexus (CP) and to the brain after crossing CP epithelial cells has not been elucidated. Therefore, this study aims to investigate these effects and elucidate potential underlying mechanisms through transcriptomics analysis. To achieve this objective, eighteen SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: the control group (control), low-dose exposure group (low-dose) and high-dose exposure group (high-dose). Animals in the two treated groups were administered with two concentrations of MnO2-NPs (200 mg kg−1 BW and 400 mg kg−1 BW) using a noninvasive intratracheal injection method once a week for three months. Finally, the neural behavior of all the animals was tested using a hot plate tester, open-field test and Y-type electric maze. The morphological characteristics of the CP and hippocampus were observed by H&E stain, and the transcriptome of CP tissues was analysed by transcriptome sequencing. The representative differentially expressed genes were quantified by qRT-PCR. We found that treatment with MnO2-NPs could induce learning capacity and memory faculty decline and destroy the structure of hippocampal and CP cells in rats. High doses of MnO2-NPs had a more obvious destructive capacity. For transcriptomic analysis, we found that there were significant differences in the numbers and types of differential genes in CP between the low- and high-dose groups compared to the control. Through GO terms and KEGG analysis, high-dose MnO2-NPs significantly affected the expression of transporters, ion channel proteins, and ribosomal proteins. There were 17 common differentially expressed genes. Most of them were transporter and binding genes on the cell membrane, and some of them had kinase activity. Three genes, Brinp, Synpr and Crmp1, were selected for qRT-PCR to confirm their expression differences among the three groups. In conclusion, high-dose MnO2-NPs exposure induced abnormal neurobehaviour, impaired memory function, destroyed the structure of the CP and changed its transcriptome in rats. The most significant DEGs in the CP were within the transport system.
PANoptosis-related prognostic signature predicts overall survival of cutaneous melanoma and provides insights into immune infiltration landscape
Authors: Wang Wei , Zhou Qingde , Lan Lan , Xu Xinchang
Published: May 2023

Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is a highly malignant tumor originating from melanocytes, and its metastasis and recurrence are the major causes of death in CM patients. PANoptosis is a newly defined inflammatory programmed cell death that crosstalk pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis. PANoptosis participates in the regulation of tumor progression, especially the expression of PANoptosis related genes (PARGs). Although pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis have received attention in CM, respectively, the link between them remains elusive. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the potential regulatory role of PANoptosis and PARGs in CM and the relationship among PANoptosis, PARGs and tumor immunity. We identified 3 PARGs associated with prognosis in CM patients by The Cancer Genome Atlas. Risk model and nomogram were established. Enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes indicated that CM was immune-related. Subsequent analyses indicated that prognosis-related PARGs were associated with immune scores and infiltration of immune cells in CM patients. In addition, immunotherapy and drug sensitivity results indicated an association between prognosis-related PARGs and drug resistance in CM patients. In conclusion, PARGs play a key role in the progression of tumors in CM patients. PARGs can be used not only for risk assessment and OS prediction in CM patients, but also reflect the immune landscape of CM patients, which can provide a novel reference for individualized tumor treatment.
Investigation of blood flow characteristics saturated by graphene/CuO hybrid nanoparticles under quadratic radiation using VIM: study for expanding/contracting channel
Authors: Kumar Mishra Nidhish , Adnan  , ur Rahman Khaleeq , M. Eldin Sayed , Z. Bani-Fwaz Mutasem
Published: May 2023

The importance of heat transfer in nanoliquids cannot avoided because it playing crucial role in the applied research fields. The potential area of applications included but restricted to applied thermal, biomedical, mechanical and chemical engineering. Therefore, it is the need of time to introduce new efficient way to enhance the heat transport rate in common fluids. The major aim of this research is to develop a new heat transport BHNF (Biohybrid Nanofluid Model) model in a channel having expanding/contracting walls up to Newtonian regimes of blood. The two sort of nanomaterials (Graphene + CuO) along with blood as base solvent are taken for the formation of working fluid. After that, the model analyzed via VIM (Variational Iteration Method) to examine the influence of involved physical parameters on the behavior of bionanofluids. The model results revealed that the bionanofluids velocity rises towards the lower and upper channel end when the expanding/contracting of the walls in the range of 0.1–1.6 (expanding case) and $$- \, 0.1$$

-

0.1

to $$1.6$$

1.6

(contraction case). The working fluid attained high velocity in the neighboring of center portion of the channel. By increasing the walls permeability ($${A}_{1}=\text{0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4}$$

A
1

=
0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4

), the fluid movement can be reduced and optimum decrement observed about $$\eta =0.0$$

η
=
0.0

. Further, inclusion of thermal radiation (Rd) and temperature coefficient ($${\theta }_{r}$$

θ
r

) observed good to enhance thermal mechanism in both hybrid and simple bionanofluids. The present ranges of Rd and $${\theta }_{r}$$

θ
r

considered from $$0.1$$

0.1

to $$0.9$$

0.9

and $$0.1$$

0.1

to $$1.4$$

1.4

, respectively. Thermal boundary layer reduced in the case of simple bionanoliquid keeping $${P}_{r}=21.0$$

P
r

=
21.0

.
Structural evolution of metatitanic acid and iron removal during hydrolysis of industrial TiOSO4 solution
Authors: Tian Congxue , Ma Guangqiang , Ge Hongwei
Published: May 2023

The ferrous ion content of metatitanic acid affected the whiteness, purity and applications of TiO2, controlled by the hydrolysis conditions and metatitanic acid structure. The structural evolution of metatitanic acid and ferrous ion removal was investigated by hydrolyzing the industrial TiOSO4 solution. The hydrolysis degree was conformed to Boltzmann model with good fitting. TiO2 content of metatitanic acid gradually increased as hydrolysis proceeding due to its stronger compact structure and weaker colloidal property, caused by the aggregation and adjustment of the precipitated particles. At lower TiOSO4 concentration, the crystal size increased significantly, lattice strain decreased, and average particle size constantly adjusted and reduced. The micropores and mesopores were mainly formed by aggregating and stacking of primary agglomerate particles, bonded and filled with sulfate and hydroxyl. The ferrous ion content decreased linearly with the increase of TiO2 content, and reducing moisture content of metatitanic acid was an effective way to reduce Fe content. This would save more water and energy consumption, help to improve the clean production level of TiO2.
Oxytocin normalizes the implicit processing of fearful faces in psychopathy: a randomized crossover study using fMRI
Authors: Tully John , Sethi Arjun , Griem Julia , Paloyelis Yannis , Craig Michael C. , Williams Steven C. R. , Murphy Declan , Blair Robert James , Blackwood Nigel
Published: May 2023

Adults with antisocial personality disorder with (ASPD + P) and without (ASPD – P) psychopathy commit the majority of violent crimes. Empathic processing abnormalities are particularly prominent in psychopathy, but effective pharmacological interventions have yet to be identified. Oxytocin modulates neural responses to fearful expressions in healthy populations. The current study investigates its effects in violent antisocial men. In a placebo-controlled, randomized crossover design, 34 violent offenders (19 ASPD + P; 15 ASPD – P) and 24 healthy non-offenders received 40 IU intranasal oxytocin or placebo and then completed an fMRI morphed faces task examining the implicit processing of fearful facial expressions. Increasing intensity of fearful facial expressions failed to appropriately modulate activity in the bilateral mid-cingulate cortex in violent offenders with ASPD + P, compared with those with ASPD – P. Oxytocin abolished these group differences. This represents evidence of neurochemical modulation of the empathic processing of others’ distress in psychopathy.
An anti-glioblastoma gold(i)–NHC complex distorts mitochondrial morphology and bioenergetics to induce tumor growth inhibition
Authors: Greif Charles E. , Mertens R. Tyler , Berger Gilles , Parkin Sean , Awuah Samuel G.
Published: May 2023

A new gold(i)-based therapeutic strategy to treat glioblastoma multiforme (GBM).
AlInGaN nanocrystal seeded growth of weak p-type β-(In0.1Ga0.9)2O3 nanowires and nanobelts
Authors: Li Haojie , Wu Zhengyuan , Tian Pengfei , Li Jinchai , Kang Junyong , Zhang Guoqi , Fang Zhilai
Published: May 2023

Al0.2In0.2Ga0.6N seed nanocrystals and Pt catalysts are employed to grow weak p-type β-(In0.1Ga0.9)2O3 nanowires and nanobelts. The growth mechanisms are clarified by exploring interface/surface microstructures of these nanostructures.
Nitrogen-doped zinc oxide nanoribbons for potential resonant tunneling diode applications
Authors: Krishna M. Sankush , Singh Sangeeta , Kaushik Brajesh Kumar
Published: May 2023

Armchair ZnONRs doped with nitrogen are investigated in the current manuscript for possible applications based on negative differential resistance (NDR).
4 in 1: multifunctional europium–organic frameworks with luminescence sensing properties, white light emission, proton conductivity and reverse acetylene–carbon dioxide adsorption selectivity
Authors: Yu Xiaolin , Ryadun Alexey A. , Kovalenko Konstantin A. , Guselnikova Tatiana Y. , Ponomareva Valentina G. , Potapov Andrei S. , Fedin Vladimir P.
Published: May 2023

Lanthanide-based MOFs with a flexible ligand demonstrate an array of properties: white light emission, excellent selectivity for sensing Fe3+ and ofloxacin antibiotic, reverse adsorption selectivity in a CO2/C2H2 mixture, and proton conductivity.
Progress in the discovery and development of small molecule methuosis inducers
Authors: Ye Tao , Shan Peipei , Zhang Hua
Published: May 2023

The discovery and development of small molecule methuosis inducers and their modes of action were summarized for the first time.
Chitosan–poly(vinyl alcohol)–ionic liquid-grafted hydrogel for treating wastewater
Authors: Singh Anoop , Singh Narinder , Kaur Navneet , Jang Doo Ok
Published: May 2023

A chitosan–poly(vinyl alcohol)–ionic liquid-grafted hydrogel for wastewater treatment is described.
Direct pathway cloning and expression of the radiosumin biosynthetic gene cluster
Authors: Ouyang Xiaodan , D'Agostino Paul M. , Wahlsten Matti , Delbaje Endrews , Jokela Jouni , Permi Perttu , Gaiani Greta , Poso Antti , Bartos Piia , Gulder Tobias A. M. , Koistinen Hannu , Fewer David P.
Published: May 2023

Radiosumins are a structurally diverse family of low molecular weight natural products that are produced by cyanobacteria and exhibit potent serine protease inhibition.
Design and synthesis of anisotropic crystals with π-conjugated rings toward giant birefringence
Authors: Zhao Yunqi , Zhu Liangmeng , Li Yanqiang , Kuang Xiaojun , Luo Junhua , Zhao Sangen
Published: May 2023

In this review, aiming to better judge the integrated properties of optical crystals, we came up with the birefringent quality factor and summarized our recent findings on the birefringent crystals similar to α-BaB2O4.
Circularly polarized luminescence from chiral macrocycles and their supramolecular assemblies
Authors: Li Tiejun , Zhu Xuefeng , Ouyang Guanghui , Liu Minghua
Published: May 2023

The research progress of macrocyclic CPL systems has been reviewed based on individual chiral macrocycles, host–guest complexation, and in particular their self-assembly systems.
Construction of organic micro/nanocrystal lasers: from molecules to devices
Authors: Shi Ying-Li , Ding Ling-Yi , Hu Yun , Lv Qiang , Yang Wan-Ying , Wang Xue-Dong
Published: May 2023

To summarize the achievements of organic micro/nanocrystals in the field of solid-state lasers, we herein briefly review their recent progress from the perspective of organic molecules, morphology modulation, laser applications in photonic devices.
Electro- and photochemical H2 generation by Co(ii) polypyridyl-based catalysts bearing ortho-substituted pyridines
Authors: Lucarini Fiorella , Fize Jennifer , Morozan Adina , Droghetti Federico , Solari Euro , Scopelliti Rosario , Marazzi Marco , Natali Mirco , Pastore Mariachiara , Artero Vincent , Ruggi Albert
Published: May 2023

Different proton-relay groups in hexadentate polypyridyl cobalt complexes induce distinct efficiencies and mechanisms in photo- and electrochemical H2 generation.
Biochemical Society 2024 Award winners
Authors: Ollett Lucy
Published: May 2023

Each year, the Biochemical Society presents a series of prestigious awards that recognize excellence and achievement in both specific and general fields of science. Candidates are nominated by their peers and the winners are agreed by a judging panel of respected scientists from across a range of different scientific backgrounds.
Kinetic simulations of solar wind plasma irregularities crossing the Hermean magnetopause
Authors: Voitcu G. , Echim M. , Teodorescu E. , Munteanu C.
Published: May 2023

Context. The physical mechanisms that favor the access of solar wind plasma into the magnetosphere have not been entirely elucidated to date. Studying the transport of finite-sized magnetosheath plasma irregularities across the magnetopause is fundamentally important for characterizing the Hermean environment (of Mercury) as well as for other planetary magnetic and plasma environments.

Aims. We investigate the kinetic effects and their role on the penetration and transport of localized solar wind or magnetosheath plasma irregularities within the Hermean magnetosphere under the northward orientation of the interplanetary magnetic field.

Methods. We used three-dimensional (3D) particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations adapted to the interaction between plasma elements (irregularities or jets) of a finite spatial extent and the typical magnetic field of Mercury’s magnetosphere.

Results. Our simulations reveal the transport of solar wind plasma across the Hermean magnetopause and entry inside the magnetosphere. The 3D plasma elements are braked and deflected in the equatorial plane. The entry process is controlled by the magnetic field gradient at the magnetopause. For reduced jumps of the magnetic field (i.e., for larger values of the interplanetary magnetic field), the magnetospheric penetration is enhanced. The equatorial dynamics of the plasma element is characterized by a dawn-dusk asymmetry generated by first-order guiding center drift effects. More plasma penetrates into the dusk flank and advances deeper inside the magnetosphere than in the dawn flank.

Conclusions. The simulated solar wind or magnetosheath plasma jets can cross the Hermean magnetopause and enter into the magnetosphere, as described by the impulsive penetration mechanism.
Neutral outflows in high-zQSOs
Authors: Butler Kirsty M. , van der Werf Paul P. , Omont Alain , Cox Pierre
Published: May 2023

The OH+(11 − 10) absorption line is a powerful tracer of inflowing and outflowing gas in the predominantly atomic diffuse and turbulent halo surrounding galaxies. In this Letter, we present observations of OH+(11 − 10), CO(9-8) and the underlying dust continuum in five strongly lensedz ∼ 2 − 4 quasi-stellar objects (QSOs), using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) to detect outflowing neutral gas. Blue-shifted OH+(11 − 10) absorption is detected in three out of five QSOs and tentatively detected in a fourth. Absorption at systemic velocities is also detected in one source also displaying blue-shifted absorption. OH+(11 − 10) emission is observed in three out of five QSOs at systemic velocities and the OH+(21 − 10) transition is also detected in one source. CO(9-8) is detected in all five QSOs at high S/N, providing information on the dense molecular gas within the host galaxy. We compare our sample to high-zfar-infrared (FIR) luminous star-forming and active galaxies from the literature. We find no difference in OH+absorption line properties between active and star-forming galaxies with both samples roughly following the same optical depth-dust temperature relation. This suggests that these observables are driven by the same mechanism in both samples. Similarly, star-forming and active galaxies both follow the same OH+emission–FIR relation. Obscured QSOs display broader (> 800 km s−1) emission than the unobscured QSOs and all but one of the high-zstar-forming galaxies (likely caused by the warm molecular gas reservoir obscuring the accreting nucleus). Broader CO(9-8) emission (> 500 km s−1) is found in obscured versus unobscured QSOs, but overall they cover a similar range in line widths as the star-forming galaxies and follow the CO(9-8)–FIR luminosity relation found in low-zgalaxies. We find that outflows traced by OH+are only detected in extreme star-forming galaxies (indicated by broad CO(9-8) emission) and in both types of QSOs, which, in turn, display no red-shifted absorption. This suggests that diffuse neutral outflows in galaxy halos may be associated with the most energetic evolutionary phases leading up to and following the obscured QSO phase.
MRSA in bulk tank milk of dairy herds in Germany – changes
over time
Authors: Tenhagen Bernd-Alois , Alt Katja , Grobbel Mirjam , Maurischat Sven
Published: May 2023

Objective Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have
repeatedly been isolated from dairy herds. It was the purpose of this study to
compare the results of 3 subsequent national scale cross-sectional
investigations in dairy herds in Germany on the prevalence of MRSA in bulk tank
milk and the characteristics of the isolates.

Material and Methods The investigations were carried out in 2010, 2014 and
2019, respectively. MRSA were isolated from 25 ml of bulk tank milk
using a double selective enrichment protocol. Samples were distributed across
the country according to the regional dairy cattle population.

Results The prevalence of MRSA in bulk tank milk samples was lower in 2010
than in 2014 and tended to decrease until 2019. Prevalence was higher in samples
from conventional than from organic herds and increased with herd size. Most
isolates (75/78) were assigned to the clonal complex 398 and the
spa-types t011 and t034. Resistance of the isolates to other
antimicrobials than beta-lactams decreased over time.

Conclusions MRSA remain present in the German dairy population and are
found more frequently in larger vs. smaller herds and in conventional vs.
organic herds.

Clinical relevance MRSA should be considered in biosecurity protocols and
with respect to occupational health of farm staff. Presence of MRSA in raw milk
supports the recommendation not to drink unpasteurized raw milk.
Multizentrisches B-Zell-Lymphom bei einem 8 Wochen alten
Kalb
Authors: Frischkorn Marie , Fortelny Michael , Ciurkiewicz Malgorzata , Krüger Johannes , Jahn-Falk Doris
Published: May 2023

Dieser Fallbericht beschreibt den Krankheitsverlauf der sporadischen
Kälberleukose bei einem 8 Wochen alten männlichen Kreuzungskalb
der Rasse Red Holstein×Fleckvieh. Das Kalb wurde initial wegen einer
Bronchopneumonie vorgestellt. Dabei fiel eine für Kälbergrippe
untypische symmetrische hochgradige Vergrößerung der subkutanen
Lymphknoten auf. In Verbindung mit dem massenhaften Vorliegen von Blasten im
peripheren Blut und dem sonografischen Befund der Lymphknoten wurde die
Verdachtsdiagnose sporadische Kälberleukose gestellt. Drei Wochen nach
der Erstvorstellung verstarb das Kalb plötzlich. Die Sektion ergab eine
hochgradige Vergrößerung aller Lymphknoten und eine hochgradige
Infiltration nahezu aller Organe und Gewebe mit einer monomorphen
Rundzellpopulation. Dieser Zelltyp wurde auch in einem Knochenmarkausstrich
zytologisch nachgewiesen. Die immunhistochemische Untersuchung mit den Markern
Pax5 und CD 20 für B-Zellen verlief mit positivem Ergebnis. Die
virologische Untersuchung auf bovine Leukoseviren (BLV) war negativ.

Zusammen mit der Diagnose eines multizentrischen B-Zell-Lymphoms sprachen die
Untersuchungsergebnisse für das Vorliegen einer sporadischen
Kälberleukose.
Recommendations for the Pharmacological Treatment of Osteoporosis
– Update 2023 of the German Osteoporosis Guideline
Authors: Schmidmaier Ralf , Hadji Peyman , Kern Peter , Drey Michael , Jakob Franz , Thomasius Friederike
Published: May 2023

Aim The German osteoporosis guideline was updated on the basis of a
systematic literature review and through a structured consensus process by an
interdisciplinary, international (Germany, Austria, Switzerland) expert group
representing the 20 member societies of the Joint Osteological Association (DVO)
and patient advocacy organizations (BfO). This manuscript summarizes the changes
in the German osteoporosis guideline with regard to pharmacological
interventions and offers pragmatic pathways for implementation.

Method Systematic literature search and structured consensus building
according to AWMF regulations.

Results The sclerostin antibody romosozumab was adopted into the
guideline. In addition, the effectiveness of teriparatide was re-evaluated. For
both bone anabolic agents evidence from randomized trials underlined a
superiority over oral bisphosphonates with regard to fracture risk reduction.
Between the antiresorptive treatments, differences regarding
superiority/inferiority could only be shown with respect to surrogate
parameters, not with regard to fractures. Data about the duration of treatment
of all available drugs is limited. All non-bisphosphonate treatments require
follow-up treatment.

Conclusion An individualized treatment concept should be developed in a
shared decision process, including a bone anabolic-first strategy in high-risk
patients. Recommendations on treatment duration, drug holidays and sequential
strategies should be considered.
Computer-assisted semen analysis in large falcons (Falco spp.)
and comparison to results of conventional semen analysis
Authors: Fischer Dominik , Schneider Helena , Meinecke-Tillmann Sabine , Wehrend Axel , Lierz Michael W.
Published: May 2023

Objective Numerous raptor species including some falcon species are facing
continuous population decline in the wild and some are threatened by extinction.
To support these species, captive breeding and reintroduction programs are
attempted. Besides conservation, some large falcon species are commonly used in
falconry and therefore bred commercially. Assisted reproduction is established
in falcon breeding since the 1970s and semen analysis is an integral part to
enable assessment of breeding males, inclusion or exclusion of semen donors and
quality control of semen prior to artificial insemination. Conventional methods
for semen analysis are widely used, but are time consuming and depend on the
investigator’s experience and ability. Computer-assisted semen analysis
(CASA) would offer an objective, fast and reproducible alternative, but as they
have not been established in large falcon species, this was the aim of this
study.

Material and methods To this end, we examined in 3 breeding seasons 109
semen samples of gyr-saker hybrid falcons (n=2) and peregrine falcons
(n=4) in 940 fields of view using the Minitube CASA SpermVision and
compared these results to results of conventional methods of semen analysis. We
used a preprogrammed setting and adapted two settings of CASA according to
specific semen characteristics of falcons.

Results Sperm velocity, motility and viability parameters were recorded
successfully using CASA. Correlation of conventional and computer-assisted
motility analysis improved during the process of adaptation of CASA settings,
but both methods differed significantly due to misinterpretation of round bodies
and semen impurities by CASA. Viability values of conventional and computer
assisted viability analysis using SYBR-PI correlated significantly while sperm
concentration did not at all.

Conclusion CASA failed to replace conventional semen analysis regarding
sperm motility and sperm concentration using 3 different settings, as a reliable
differentiation between spermatozoa, spermatids and round bodies was not
achieved.

Clinical relevance Using CASA, sperm velocity parameters were measured in
spermatozoa of captive-bred large falcons for the first time and may be used as
orientation values.
Behandlungsstrategie beim radiojodrefraktären differenzierten Schilddrüsenkarzinom
Authors: Mantsopoulos Konstantinos , Mueller Sarina K. , Pavel Marianne , Kuwert Torsten , Meidenbauer Norbert , Fietkau Rainer , Sievert Matti , Iro Heinrich
Published: May 2023

Traditionell besteht das multimodale Therapiekonzept bei den differenzierten Schilddrüsenkarzinomen in der Thyreoidektomie mit Neck-Dissection (bei cN+-Halsstatus) und adjuvanten Radiojodablation mit abschließender risikoadaptierter TSH-Suppression. Das Ausmaß der Radiojodaufnahme beim metastasierten Schilddrüsenkarzinom spielt eine signifikante Rolle bei der Einschätzung der Prognose. Das fehlende Jodspeicherungsvermögen einer Läsion in Zusammenschau mit dem fehlenden Abfall des Tumormarkers Thyreoglobulin sowie radiologische Zeichen einer Tumorprogression charakterisieren den Radiojod-refraktären Patienten. Aufgrund des meistens über einen langen Zeitraum indolenten Verlaufs erscheint in den meisten Fällen ein abwartendes Verhalten in Kombination mit lokaler Metastasenbehandlung sowie Symptomlinderung primär sinnvoll zu sein. Der Nachweis einer Veränderung der Tumordynamik ist der Zeitpunkt, um eine Systemtherapie zu evaluieren. Diese beruht auf Multi-Tyrosinkinase-Inhibitoren (Sorafenib, Lenvatinib). Diese Substanzen sind größtenteils mit einem ungünstigen Nebenwirkungsprofil assoziiert (Diarrhö, Hautauschläge, arterielle Hypertonie mit hypertensiver Entgleisung, lokale Wundheilungsstörungen), welches zu einer nicht vernachlässigbaren Rate einer therapieassoziierten Morbidität sowie einer hohen Anzahl an Therapieunterbrechungen führt. Daher sind im Jahr 2020 2 selektive RET-Inhibitoren (Selpercatinib, Pralsetinib) für die differenzierten Schilddrüsenkarzinome von der FDA zugelassen worden. Eine neue Perspektive für die Zukunft wären die unterschiedlichen Redifferenzierungsstrategien, welche auf die Steigerung der Sensitivität der Tumorzellen auf Radiojod abzielen.
Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Asymmetric Silylation of Biaryl Diols
Authors: List Benjamin , Han Jung Tae , Zhou Hui
Published: May 2023

We report a Brønsted acid catalyzed enantioselective silylation of biaryl diols with an allylsilane as a silicon source. This process enables facile access to enantioenriched biaryl silyl ethers with an axial stereogenicity. A control experiment supports a mechanism proceeding by desymmetrization followed by kinetic resolution.
Video Occulography-Assisted Diagnosis of BPPV and Comparison of Pre- and Post-Intervention Dizziness Handicap Inventory Score
Authors: Khan Sidra , Agrawal Richa , Nivsarkar Sameer , Phatak Shrikant , Sikdar Abhik
Published: May 2023

Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a commonly recognized vestibular disorder which is characterized by brief periods of vertigo and a characteristic nystagmus. The nystagmus is often difficult to appreciate with naked eyes and hence video oculography is a helpful tool. Dizziness Handicap Inventory is an objective way to assess the impact of vertigo on quality of life.

Objective Our study here aims at diagnosing undiagnosed, difficult and missed cases of BPPV using video-oculography and managing it with repositioning manoeuvre. This study also aims at measuring Dizziness Handicap Inventory Scores pre and post repositioning manoeuvre. We also observed the association between Vitamin D levels and the occurrence of BPPV.

Methods and Materials One hundred and twenty-six patients were enrolled in the age group of 18-70 years. After recognizing patients with BPPV, vertigo evaluation was performed. Those patients with suggestive history and suspicion of multiple canal involvement were taken for video-oculography.

Results Forty-four patients were in age group of 50-60 years, having female predominance. 35.71% cases which were missed on clinical examination were correctly diagnosed using video-oculography. The mean pre-intervention DHI was 41.29 ± 15.90 which lowered down to 14.84 ± 11.52 in post-intervention period. The highest DHI scores were seen in multi-canal BPPV involving lateral and posterior semi-circular canals.

Conclusion With the help of vide-oculography we could diagnose more cases of anterior and multi canal BPPV which are often missed. Maximum number of participants had insufficient levels of Vitamin-D and in our opinion correcting it would reduce the occurrence and recurrence rate..
A Systematic Review of Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential in Individuals with Motion Sickness
Authors: Furtal Silvestina Winston , Thomas Amith , Yerraguntla Krishna
Published: May 2023

The otolith of vestibular system in the human body helps in maintaining the static balance. Travelling can cause defect in static balance that may lead to motion sickness. The evidence showing the relation between vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) that assesses otolith function and motion sickness is contrasting. The current systematic review is aimed to understand outcomes of published articles in reporting association between vestibular evoked myogenic in individuals with motion sickness. For this study, the database used is PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, CINHAL, and Web of Science. The data is extracted from the final articles where VEMP is done on individuals with and without motion sickness. The total articles included are 125 out of which five articles used for the systematic review. In this study, motion sickness susceptibility questionnaire is used to assess individuals with and without motion sickness. The latency and amplitude of both cervical VEMP (cVEMP) and ocular (oVEMP) of individuals with and without motion sickness are normal. However, the review indicates a significant change in the interaural asymmetry ratio of both cVEMP and oVEMP results in individuals with motion sickness. This shows that there might be a variation in the functional asymmetry in the otoliths. From the review, it is clear that there might be otolith changes due to motion sickness that can have a smaller impact on the interaural asymmetry ratio in VEMP. These findings can be further applied for the diagnostic purpose in individuals with motion sickness.
Awareness and Experience of Tinnitus in Nepalese Young Adult Population
Authors: Aryal Sajana , Bhatarai Prabuddha , Prabhu Prashant
Published: May 2023

Introduction The prevalence of tinnitus is increasing in younger adult rapidly. It is increasing mainly because of increased daily noise levels due to the unrestrained usage of recreational devices like mobile phones, MP3s, iPods, and other personal stereos. The aim of this study is to describe awareness and experience of tinnitus among younger adult with respect to the existence, cause, effects, and management.

Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 205 young adult Nepalese population between the age ranges between 20 and 40 years through online survey mode. Statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS 25.0 software. Data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics.

Results Result showed more than half of the participants (59.2%) were aware about the existence of tinnitus; however, only 16.1% of participants were aware about the effect of tinnitus. The incidence of tinnitus was found to be high (11.71%) in Nepalese population.

Conclusion Even though most of the participants were found to be aware about existence of tinnitus, most of them were not aware about the effect of tinnitus and its cause. This result has implications for audiologist who are involved in hearing health care program across the various age groups. As per this study, since most of the participants pointed to the Internet as their source of awareness, that could be further tapped on to provide awareness in these age groups.
Update on Ankle and Foot Impingement
Authors: Armstrong TM , Rowbotham Emma , Robinson Philip
Published: May 2023

Ankle impingement syndromes are a well-recognized cause of chronic ankle symptoms in both the elite athletic and general population. They comprise several distinct clinical entities with associated radiologic findings. Originally described in the 1950s, advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasonography have allowed musculoskeletal (MSK) radiologists to further their understanding of these syndromes and the range of imaging-associated features. Many subtypes of ankle impingement syndromes have been described, and precise terminology is critical to carefully separate these conditions and thus guide treatment options. These are divided broadly into intra-articular and extra-articular types, as well as location around the ankle. Although MSK radiologists should be aware of these conditions, the diagnosis remains largely clinical, with plain film or MRI used to confirm the diagnosis or assess a surgical/treatment target. The ankle impingement syndromes are a heterogeneous group of conditions, and care must be taken not to overcall findings. The clinical context remains paramount. Treatment considerations are patient symptoms, examination, and imaging findings, in addition to the patient's desired level of physical activity.
Ultrasonography-guided Intervention in the Achilles Tendon and Plantar Fascia
Authors: Martin Silvia , Moriñigo Javier Gomez
Published: May 2023

Tendinopathy is very common in the foot and ankle. Achilles tendinopathy is a painful overuse injury that often occurs in athletes, especially those who participate in running and jumping sports. Plantar fasciitis is the most frequent cause of plantar pain in the adult heel. Initial treatment of these conditions is conservative. However, in some cases symptoms only improve slowly, and many cases are intractable. When conservative management fails, ultrasonography guided injections are indicated. We discuss the main interventions performed in the foot and ankle for Achilles tendinopathy, retrocalcaneal bursitis, and plantar fasciitis. We describe the different agents that can be used and the various ultrasonography-guided procedures that offer technical and practical information to improve daily clinical practice.
Sternal Pin Used to Close Sternum in Infants after Cardiac Surgery
Authors: Xie Wen-Peng , Chen Xiu-Hua , Zhou Si-Jia , Chen Qiang , Cao Hua
Published: May 2023

Objective A retrospective study was conducted to explore the efficacy of bioabsorbable poly-L-lactic acid sternal pins in sternal closure in infants after cardiac surgery.

Methods A total of 170 infantile patients who underwent cardiac surgery were divided into the steel wire group (group A), the PDS cord group (group B), and the steel wire + sternal pin group (group C). The occurrence of the thoracic deformity was evaluated by vertebral index (VI), frontosagittal index (FSI), and Haller index (HI) values; the stability of the sternum was evaluated by detecting sternal dehiscence and displacement.

Results By comparing the absolute values of the differences in VI, FSI, and HI in the three groups, it was found that the difference values of VI and HI in group C were significantly lower than those in group B (p = 0.028 and 0.005). For the highest deformation index, the deformation rate of infants in group C before discharge and during the 1-year follow-up was lower than that in group A and group B (p = 0.009 and 0.002, respectively). The incidence of sternal displacement in group C was also significantly lower than that in groups A and B (p = 0.009 and 0.009). During the 1-year follow-up, there was no sternal dehiscence, and the sternum healed completely in the three groups.

Conclusion The use of “steel wire + sternal pin” for sternal closure in infants after cardiac surgery can reduce the occurrence of sternal deformity, reduce anterior and posterior displacement of the sternum, and improve sternal stability.
Rigorous index theory for one-dimensional interacting topological insulators
Authors: Tasaki Hal
Published: May 2023

We present a rigorous but elementary index theory for a class of one-dimensional systems of interacting (and possibly disordered) fermions with U(1)⋊Z2 symmetry defined on the infinite chain. The class includes the Su–Schrieffer–Heeger (SSH) model [Su et al., “Solitons in polyacetylene,” Phys. Rev. Lett. 42, 1698 (1979); Su et al., “Soliton excitations in polyacetylene,” Phys. Rev. B 22, 2099 (1983); and Asbóth et al., A Short Course on Topological Insulators: Band-Structure Topology and Edge States in One and Two Dimensions, Lecture Notes in Physics (Springer, 2016)] as a special case. For any locally unique gapped (fixed-charge) ground state of a model in the class, we define a Z2 index in terms of the sign of the expectation value of the local twist operator. We prove that the index is topological in the sense that it is invariant under continuous modification of models in the class with a locally unique (fixed-charge) gapped ground state. This establishes that any path of models in the class that connects the two extreme cases of the SSH model must go through a phase transition. Our rigorous Z2 classification is believed to be optimal for the class of models considered here. We also show an interesting duality of the index and prove that any topologically nontrivial model in the class has a gapless edge excitation above the ground state when defined on the half-infinite chain. The results extend to other classes of models, including the extended Hubbard model. Our strategy to focus on the expectation value of local unitary operators makes the theory intuitive and conceptually simple. This paper also contains a careful discussion about the notion of unique gapped ground states of a particle system on the infinite chain. (There are two lecture videos in which the main results of this paper are discussed [H. Tasaki, “Rigorous index theory for one-dimensional interacting topological insulators: A brief introduction,” online lecture (21:41), November, 2021, seehttps://www.gakushuin.ac.jp/~881791/OL/#Index1DTI2021S and https://youtu.be/ypGVb3eYrpg and H. Tasaki, “Rigorous index theory for one-dimensional interacting topological insulators: With a pedagogical introduction to the topological phase transition in the SSH model,” online lecture (49:07), November, 2021, see https://www.gakushuin.ac.jp/~881791/OL/#Index1DTI2021L and https://youtu.be/yxZYOevV2Y].
Absence of submultiplicative norms for Wick-ordered operator products
Authors: Geisler Jakob
Published: May 2023

In this paper, a key problem in the rigorous formulation of the renormalization group as a continuous flow is identified. Some essential features of the operator-theoretic renormalization group of Bach, Chen, Fröhlich, and Sigal are recalled, and a family of norms associated with different Banach spaces of Hamiltonians is introduced. From this, three different properties, which should be satisfied by an adequate norm, are derived, e.g., a submultiplicativity with respect to Wick-ordering. A proof is given that none of the norms introduced in this paper satisfy all of these conditions.
Electron beam-induced brownmillerite–perovskite phase transition in La0.6Sr0.4CoO3−
δ
Authors: Ražnjević Sergej , Siebenhofer Matthäus , Bumberger Andreas E. , Böhme Christin , Riedl Christoph , Chen Zhuo , Kubicek Markus , Zhang Zaoli
Published: May 2023

The electron beam, during high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, was employed to induce a phase transition in La0.6Sr0.4CoO2.5 (LSC) from a brownmillerite ordering to an oxygen deficient perovskite structure. Prior to irradiation, a strongly alternating out-of-plane lattice parameter was observed, reflecting electrostatic interactions between AO and BO/BO2 planes in the brownmillerite ordering. During electron beam irradiation for one hour, the oxygen vacancy ordering vanished gradually, and a uniform cubic perovskite structure prevailed. To exclude beam-induced heating effects, in situ heating experiments were performed, revealing a stable brownmillerite ordering in the relevant temperature range (up to at least 500 °C). Thus, we conclude that the phase transition is caused by knock-on processes that affect oxygen vacancies in terms of a transition from structural vacancies toward extremely high concentrations of randomly distributed point defects in the ABO3 structure.
Current oscillation elimination for the helicopter transient electromagnetic inverter based on pole configuration
Authors: Zhang Yue , Wang Yanzhang , Xu Quan , Wang Shilong , Li Hua
Published: May 2023

In a helicopter transient electromagnetic system, the quality of the transmitting-current waveform will affect the geological exploration effect. In this paper, a helicopter TEM inverter, based on a single-clamp source and pulse width modulation technology, is designed and analyzed. Besides, it finds that there will be current oscillation in the early measuring stage. For this problem, first, the factors that cause the current oscillation are analyzed. Then, it is proposed to apply the RC snubber to eliminate this current oscillation. Since the imaginary part of the pole is the essence of oscillation, configuring the pole can eliminate the current oscillation. By establishing the early measuring stage system model, the characteristic equation of the load current with the snubber circuit is deduced. Next, the characteristic equation is solved by the exhaustive method and the root locus method to obtain the parametric region that eliminates the oscillation. Finally, through simulation and experimental verification, the proposed snubber circuit design method can be used to eliminate the early measuring stage current oscillation. Compared to the method of switching into the damping circuit, it can achieve the same performance, more important is that there is no switching action and it is easy to achieve.
Molecular dynamics of interfacial crystallization of dodecane on hydroxylated silica surface impacted by H2O and CO2
Authors: Chen C. , Xia J. , Martinez Q. , Jiang X. , Bahai H.
Published: May 2023

The morphology of dodecane in a nanopore at temperatures typical in exploited or depleted oil reservoirs is investigated using molecular dynamics simulation. The dodecane morphology is found to be determined by interactions between interfacial crystallization and surface wetting of the simplified oil, while “evaporation” only plays a minor role. The morphology changes from an isolated, solidified dodecane droplet to a film with orderly lamellae structures remaining within, and finally to a film containing randomly distributed dodecane molecules, as the system temperature increases. In a nanoslit under the impact of water, since water wins against oil in surface wetting on the silica surface due to electrostatic interaction induced hydrogen bonding between water and the silanol group of silica, the spreading of dodecane molecules over the silica surface is impeded by this water confinement mechanism. Meanwhile, interfacial crystallization is enhanced, leading to always an isolated dodecane “droplet,” with crystallization weakening as the temperature increases. Since dodecane is immiscible to water, there is no mechanism for dodecane to escape the silica surface, and the competition of surface wetting between water and oil determines the morphology of the crystallized dodecane droplet. For the CO2–dodecane system in a nanoslit, CO2 is an efficient solvent for dodecane at all temperatures. Therefore, interfacial crystallization rapidly disappears. The competition of surface adsorption between CO2 and dodecane is secondary for all cases. The dissolution mechanism is a clear clue for the fact that CO2 is more effective than water flooding in oil recovery for a depleted oil reservoir.