bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Calculation of Reloading Stress Relaxation Behavior Based on Creep Equations for 1Cr-0.5Mo-0.25V Steel
Authors: Zhang Wei Wei , Xu Hong
Published: September 2013

In order to analyze the stress relaxation behavior under repeated loadings for 1Cr-0.5Mo-0.25V steel, a stress relaxation model based on creep equations has been developed. The model was implemented into the ANSYS finite element program in terms of user define material model. The calculated results were compared to the observed results of uniaxial reloading stress relaxation testing, which were performed by the National Research Institute for Metals of Japan (NRIM) for 1Cr-0.5Mo-0.25V stainless steel bolting material at 500°C. It was shown that the proposed model could be applied for the present data. The calculated residual stresses versus time curves were in good agreement with the observed for initial stress level of 297.1MPa at 500°C and for specific reloading time intervals of 24, 72, 240, and 720 hours.
Thermal Effects on Charge Transport in Conjugated Polymers
Authors: Qiu Yu
Published: September 2013

Field dependent polaron transport in a conjugated polymer chain is studied numerically with local thermal fluctuations taken into account. Within a dynamical evolution method, a polaron moves from the left to the right side of the polymer chain in the presence of an applied electric field. Local lattice fluctuations are assumed to occur in a random way. The local thermal fluctuations are found to be equivalent to a potential barrier for the polaron. The range of the thermally disturbed region in the molecule and the effective temperature difference resulted from asymmetric thermal absorptions determine the height of the barrier. The intra-molecule polaron mobility obeys a logarithmic law in low electric field range provided that there exist asymmetric thermal absorptions within the molecule.
Light-Response Characteristics of Platinum Doped Silicon Photodetector
Authors: Nararug Budsara , Ueamanapong Surada , Srithanachai Itsara , Janprapha Supakorn , Suwanchatree Ai Lada , Niemcharoen Surasak , Muanghlua Rangson , Klunngien Nipapan
Published: September 2013

The purposeof this research article is present electrical characteristic of Pt-doped silicon photodetector compare with undoped silicon photodetector. The current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics of Pt-doped detector were investigated. In this experiment, the results of Pt-doped detector show that the dark currentisobviously decreased and the photocurrent is decreased about 9 to 10 orders. Furthermore, the capacitance characteristic isslightly increased about 0.15 pF. The effects platinum on silicon indicated the carrier in silicon have been changed.
The Study of Beam Collimating, Optical Index of Refraction and Birefringence Measurement
Authors: Zhang Peng Wei , Li Meng
Published: September 2013

This paper mainlyintroduces the basic optical principles of light. Using He-Ne laser and pinhole configure collimated illumination, measuring the index of refraction by minimum deviation method, and measuring the birefringence use of wedge method by transmission optical microscope. In addition, give the results and discussion of the whole experiments.
Relationship between Microstructure and Mechanical Properties for Recycled Aggregate Concrete
Authors: Li Wei , Ding Wen Sheng , Zhang Hai Ying
Published: September 2013

Microstructure is an important factor that influences the mechanical properties of recycled aggregate concrete (RAC). This paper was devoted to an investigation of the relationship between mechanical properties and porosity, hydrate, microstructure of interfacial transition zone (ITZ) in RAC. The result showed that mechanical properties of RAC can be further enhanced with lower porosity, and there was a good linear relation, whereas it did not exist between compressive strength of RAC and average pore diameter. Fine active particles and the hydrate were formed into the cracked and loose layer of ITZ in RAC by A tripe mixing method (TM). Through SEM observation, it is expected that the compressive strength of the RAC can be improved by modifying the porous microstructure and hydrate in ITZ.
Stress Distribution Characteristics of Runway Pavement under New Generation Large Aircrafts
Authors: Zhang Li’an , Zhang Lei , Shi Cao , Yang Shun Xin
Published: September 2013

New Generation Large Aircrafts became a new member of China large airports. However, its heavy weight and high contact pressure would have great impact on the flexible runway pavement. in this paper, based on the multilayered elastic theory, the tensile stress distribution under different airplane was studied to obtain the critical load positions. Furthermore, parameter sensitivity analysis was conducted, including thickness and modulus of Asphalt Stabilized Base (ATB) layer. Results indicated that increasing ATB thickness can only decrease the tensile stress a little, and increasing the modulus of the ATB layer will be more efficient than increasing its thickness. Finally pavement design suggestions composing of both the structural and material considerations were proposed.
The Wind Load Analysis of a Cable Net Structure
Authors: Yang Yang , Qiu Yuan Ying , Wang Gai Juan
Published: September 2013

The response analysis of a large cable net bearing wind load is conducted by the nonlinear finite element method. First, the form-finding calculation of the cable net structure is carried out to find an equilibrium state which can make the pretensions and sags of the wires meet the given requirements. Then the static analyses of the finite element model of the cable net structure under different wind loads are conducted to assess whether the cable net structure meets the requirements for strength. The work of this paper establishes the foundation for the design of a large cable antenna.
Distribution and Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Copper in Surface Sediments of Southern Kaohsiung Harbor, Taiwan
Authors: Chen Chiu Wen , Chen Chih Feng , Dong Cheng Di
Published: September 2013

Major objectives of this study are to evaluation the enrichment, accumulation, and potential ecological risk of copper (Cu) in the surface sediments of southern Kaohsiung Harbor, Taiwan. Twelve sampling locations were installed of southern Kaohsiung Harbor to collect sediment samples for analyzing Cu. Results showed that the Cu concentrations varied from 6.0953 mg/kg with an average of 132±165 mg/kg. The spatial distribution of Cu reveals that the Cu concentration is relatively high in the river mouth region, and gradually diminishes toward the harbor entrance region. This indicates that upstream industrial and municipal wastewater discharges along the river bank are major sources of Cu pollution. Results from the enrichment factor and geo-accumulation index analyses imply that the sediments collected from the Salt River mouth can be characterized very severe degree enrichment and strong accumulation of Cu, respectively. Results of potential ecological risk index indicate that the sediment has low to higher ecological potential risk.
Improvement of Independent Directional Magnetic Field Measurement Technique with Hall Sensors
Authors: Mano Athirot , Atiwongsangthong Narin , Titiroongruang Wisut
Published: September 2013

The independent directional magnetic field measurement is a new technique for magnetic flux density measurement with high accuracy. This technique can reduce the limitation in term of angle that magnetic flux lines interact with Hall sensors. However, the original system limits the uniformity and symmetry of magnetic field patterns, which can cause an error for measurement system. Therefore, the aim of this research is to present the method to increase measurement accuracy of system, by improve magnetic field uniformity which can be done by using electromagnet instead of permanent magnet. The system is also improved the mechanical circle motion by using stepping motor, it is used to rotate Hall sensors in magnetic field which is generated by electromagnet. The result from experiment has shown of this method that can reduce the error percentage as 5% compare with original system. This method is shown 0.99997 of coefficient of determination, which represents to accuracy in magnetic flux density measurement range 0-1350 Gauss.
Experimental Study on the Optimal Layering Position of the Piezocomposite Electricity Generating Element Built-in an Innovative Traffic Load-Measuring Bridge Bearing
Authors: Choo Jinkyo F. , Ha Dong Ho , Lee Chang Hyung , Jang Won Seo
Published: September 2013

The bearings of a bridge are indispensable structural members, which support the superstructure, transfer the loads of the superstructure to the substructure and, accommodate the horizontal and vertical motions of the superstructure caused by all types of loads like traffic. Such traffic loads induce the bridge to vibrate but this energy is wasted. Therefore, a piezocomposite electricity generating element (PCGE) has been introduced in the bearing to exploit effectively this vibrational energy. The bridge bearing with built-in PCGE was seen to be effective for measuring the traffic loads and, detecting eventual overloaded or overspeeding vehicles. In a will to optimize the amount of energy generated by this bearing, this study compares experimentally the amount of electricity produced by the PCGE with respect to its position in the bridge bearing through a series of dynamic loading tests to find out the position of the PCGE providing the most efficient electricity generation.
Research on the Calibration Algorithm for Circular Array in the Presence of Amplitude and Phase Error
Authors: Hu Xiao Qin , Chen Hui , Jiao Xiao Li
Published: September 2013

The calibration algorithm for circular array in the presence of amplitude and phase error is researched deep exploiting the assistant sensors. In order to calibrate the amplitude and phase error for the circular array, in this paper, two setting methods of assitant elements are presented, i.e., assitant elements are setted on the coordinate axis and on circle. Simulation experiments results show that the two proposed setting methods are effective in the presence of amplitude and phase error for circular array, and has low computational burden and high estimation precision of angle and amplitude and phase error.
Effect of Zn Primer Coating on Electrochemical Properties in Seawater
Authors: Kim Seong Jong , Han Min Su , Lee Seung Jun
Published: September 2013

Conventional ships generated almost no cavitation erosion because they traveled at low speed. Thus, most ships have used painting, ICCP and sacrificial anode system. However, with the activation of international trading, and the increase of low-price, large-volume cargos, ships are becoming larger and faster. As a result, damages due to cavitations and corrosions have accelerated. Cavitation and erosion corrosions cause damages to materials by physical shock waves generated from the collapse of bubbles which are generated when the moving parts rotate in seawater. The stern in particular is exposed to more severe environment due to cavitation and high flow speed. When cavitation and electrochemical damages are combined with exposure to severe environment, it has serious impact on the life span of equipment. Therefore, this study investigated the electrochemical and cavitation characteristics in sea environment for Zn primer coating which is a pretreatment process of painting for rudders for ships. As a result, corrosion resistance improved, but erosion resistance did not.
A Method for Binary Image Component Parallel Labeling Algorithm Based on CUDA
Authors: Mu Tian Hong , Yang Yun
Published: September 2013

More internal transistor of GPU is used as a data processing rather than process control. Compared with the existing multinuclear CPU, it has more processors and higher ability of the whole parallel processing, which is suitable for a large scale super calculation based on desktop platform. CUDA platform, put forward by NVIDIA Company, which is a new hardware and software architecture of realized the general calculation of GPU combined with the high parallel ability, and adopt CUDAC programming language to realize a parallel binary image connected domain label algorithm based on CUDA. The algorithm uses eight connection body labels, which has the high parallel ability, the less association between steps and the efficiency of the great promotion space.
Preparation of Cuprous Oxide Sol and Coated with Oleic Acid
Authors: Liu Zhi Gang , Mao De Yu , Zhu Qian Cheng , Guo Yu Nan
Published: September 2013

nanocopper oxides (Cu2O) materials, which received much attention in recent years, have many promising applications in various areas. The nanocopper oxides were prepared by the reduction of aqueous cupric acetate, with hydrazine as a reductant. The nanocopper oxides Collosol would be very stability when coated by Oleic acid, the oleic acid coats Cu2O nanoparticle through chemical reaction between carboxyl at one end of oleic acid molecule. All the samples were characterized by XRD, SEM and FTIR analysis.
Razumikhin Technique and BIBO Stability of Stochastic Delay Systems with Nonlinear Perturbations
Authors: Zhou Xia , Zhong Shou Ming , Yao Yun Fei
Published: September 2013

The problem of mean square bounded-input-bounded-output (BIBO) stability for the stochastic delay systems with nonlinear perturbations is investigated in this paper. Using the Razumikhin technique combined with comparison principle, several novel BIBO mean square stability criteria are established. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of our result.
The Review of Dynamic Voltage Restorer
Authors: Zhou Xue Song , Wu Hao , Ma You Jie
Published: September 2013

The dynamic voltage restorer (DVR), as an important electrical installation, can handle the voltage sags and stable the electrical power system. This paper talks about power system operation problems - Voltage dips, then briefly introduces Dynamic Voltage Restorer basic structure and principles, the then mainly complaint about the dynamic voltage restorer research. At last, it will give us a conclusion and the future development trend.
Research on Wireless Power Transmission Based on Magnetic Resonance Coupling
Authors: Wang Hao , Wang An Na , Zhao Qiang , Zhang Yu
Published: September 2013

e. The formalism of wireless power transmission is discussed coupled mode theory can be used to describe the resonance process. According to the changing process of input impedance and input current to describe the demarcate of resonant frequency. also demonstrate that loop circuits have an important effect of the resonant magnetic field distribution.
Reactive Power Optimization Algorithm of Particle Swarm Optimization with Sensitivity Analysis
Authors: Liu Yan Wen , Jia Ke Yin , Wang Hao , Wang Yan Hua
Published: September 2013

Reactive power optimization is very important to power systems economic operation and nowadays, the research about it gets more and more popular. The paper presents a reactive power optimization algorithm of particle swarm optimization combined with sensitivity analysis. The paper first builds the mathematic model of reactive power optimization and introduces particle swarm optimization. Then, presents the sensitivity method in detail and talks about the process of computing the sensitivity. Finally, take the algorithm into practical application and the results proves that sensitivity analysis could improve the particle swarm optimization algorithm.
The Method of Load Priority Setting Based on the Improved Grey Analytic Hierarchy Process
Authors: Yang Zhong Lin , Ouyang Hua
Published: September 2013

In order to ensure the safe operation of ship power system, it is necessary to remove some lower priority loads when the generators output power is insufficient, which requires reasonable priority for each ship power system loads. According to the ship loads start-up time, starting current, power factor, harmonic factor and the rated power, the improved grey analytic hierarchy process was used to provide a basis for evaluation of reasonable, which can be used to set the priority of the loads and realize the reasonable distribution of power.
Sufficient Conditions for Certain Analytic Functions
Authors: Fan Guang Ling , Li Chun Sheng
Published: September 2013

In this paper introduced some new subclasses of analytic functions in the unit disc. We obtain some sufficient conditions.
Study on Dynamic Reliability Analysis of Materiel System Based on Adaptive Agent Simulation
Authors: Shen Ying , Cao Jun Hai , Wu Jun Wei
Published: September 2013

Traditional concepts and means on the background of electronic component/ system reliability are not fully adaptive to dynamically analyze system reliability with the change of mission profile. With mission profile and the simulation technology of Agent, it puts forward a system structure model based on Agent, constructs a mission-oriented reliability impact model and a dynamic reliability model in the paper, which help to realize really to simulate and analyze dynamic reliability action oriented on mission environment, effectively settle reliability engineering problems, with the application and amendment of the models.
The Effect of Surface Modification on Physical Properties and Morphology of Oil Palm and Rice Husk Fibres
Authors: Farah Dina Abdullah , Sa'ad Siti Zaleha , Noor Najmi Bonnia , Ibrahim Nor Azowa
Published: September 2013

This study focuses on surface modification of local made fibres for use as reinforcement in the area of polymer matrix composite. Modified oil palm and Rice husk fibres were prepared by using alkaline treatment and the samples were investigated by using Helium pycnometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (ED-XRF) and Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The oil palm fruit bunch and rice husk fibres were treated with 6.0 w.t % Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH). In order for the treated fibre to be compared, fibres without alkaline treatment were prepared. All the prepared samples were crushed and a sieving machine was used to prepare 100μm particles sizes. The changes in composition of the both fibres due to leakage of original elements as well as the changes in density have been successfully determined by these techniques. Density for both oil palm (OP) and rice husk (RH) fibres decreased after treated. A series of FT-IR spectra confirmed the reduction of the Hemicelluloses and Lignin content after the treatment. The significant changes between untreated and treated fibres were also discussed, whereby the rough surface of fibres becomes smooth due to elimination of impurities. ED-XRF analysis confirmed the percentage of Silica (Si) content for both fibres and proved the reduction of elements present in the composition.
Synthesis and Characterization of Crosslinked Galactomannan Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery Application
Authors: Nurnadiah Rahim , Kamarun Dzaraini , Li Abdul Rashid , Ahmad Mohd Radzi
Published: September 2013

Galactomannan nanoparticles possess attractive properties such as biodegradable and biocompatible; significant in biomedical applications. Galactomannan (GA) isolated from the mature seed of a local plant, petai belalang known scientifically as Leucaena leucocephala were modified to acrylated galactomannan (AcGA) which acted as a precursor molecule for the preparation of crosslinked galactomannan nanoparticles (CL-GA). AcGA was synthesized using acryloyl chloride (AC) as a chemical modifier through esterification process. Trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) was used as the crosslinker for the preparation of CL-GA. Successful conjugation of GA with acrylates was verified by 1H NMR and FTIR spectroscopies. Thermal properties of pure galactomannan, AcGA and CL-GA were measured using DSC to complement spectroscopic results. TEM images revealed the particle size of AcGA to be in the range of 30-100 nm; and increased to 200-850 nm range after the crosslinking process. Efficiency of CL-GA to trap crystal violet dye as a model drug was followed by UV Vis Spectroscopy. Results showed that CL-GA is capable of trapping crystal violet dye and has the potential to be used as a drug carrier.
SIO2 Filler as Interface Modifier in PMMA/ENR 50 Electrolytes
Authors: Sharil Fadli Mohamad Zamri , Famiza Abdul Latiff
Published: September 2013

Previously, it was found that the brittle properties of polymehyl methacrylate (PMMA) film has been improved when blended with epoxidised natural rubber 50 % (ENR 50) hence enhanced the ionic conductivity of PMMA electrolytes. However, the PMMA and ENR 50 blend was not homogeneous thus limits the overall performance of the blend. Therefore, in this study, silicon dioxide (SiO2) filler was incorporated into the polymer blend film to improve the homogeneity and the ionic conductivity of the system. It was found that the addition of SiO2 has succesfully improve the homogeneity of the blend by assisting the dispersion of ENR 50 in the blend and hence provide better conducting path for the lithium ion. This was confirmed from its differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and optical microscopic (OM) analyses.
Curing Properties of UV-Cured Pressure Sensitive Adhesives
Authors: Jamaluddin Jamarosliza , Lee Myung Cheon
Published: September 2013

In this study the effect of trimethylopropane triacrylate (TMPTA) content as a crosslinking agent on curing properties of UV-cured pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs) was investigated. The curing properties were studied using gel fraction determination, photo-differential scanning calorimetry (photo-DSC) and Fourier transform infraredattenuated total reflection (FTIR-ATR) spectroscopy. Gel fraction sharply increased after expose to UV irradiation and increased with increasing TMPTA content. Moreover, the addition of TMPTA as crosslinking agent induced an earlier onset of auto acceleration and relative concentration of the C=C was not zero because they were trapped in the PSAs network.
Seam Puckering: Analysis and Modeling with Structural Equation Modeling
Authors: Ghani Suzaini A. , Mohamad Faizul Yahya
Published: September 2013

Research on parameters influencing seam pucker has been quite intensive in the past decade. The difficulties associated with accurate predictions of the interaction between sewing parameters and fabrics properties. Traditional approach of matching variety of sewing parameters with unlimited fabric properties through personal experience has been a challenge in the apparel industry which increased the cost of production due to reprocess or rejection. Hence, in the present study, an alternative mathematical modeling known as Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was proposed to predict the seam puckering grading together with the usage of high end instrumentation for fabric known as Kawabata Evaluation System (KES-F). The KES-F determined 16 parameters related to handle properties of a fabric and SEM produced prediction equation based on a few selected important parameters. The results show that equation by SEM can be used to predict the level of seam puckering of different categories of fabric weights. Good comparisons with the experimental and previous studies demonstrate the ability of the model to be used as a predictive tool for textile materials particularly for seam puckering.
Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Rubber Toughened Carbon Black-Filled Polyester Composite
Authors: Aein Afina Mohd Redzuan , Noor Najmi Bonnia , Siti Shakirah Shuhaimen , Surip Siti Norasmah
Published: September 2013

The influences of Carbon Black (CB) as filler for rubber toughened polyester composite on thermal properties were investigated, in consideration for applications such as automotive parts and integrated circuits (IC) encapsulations. The usage of CB as filler is one of the efforts in increasing and varying the use of rubber and unsaturated polyester thermoset in composite materials. Unsaturated polyester was mixed with 3% liquid natural rubber (LNR) as toughening agent and CB, which were varied from 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% using mechanical stirrer and moulded by using the open mould technique. Impact testing was conducted for mechanical property and it was found that the addition of CB increased the impact strength by 87%. Thermal properties of the composites were evaluated using a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The TGA curves of the composites were quite similar, but there were slight increment in thermal stability for several CB filled composites compared to the neat polyester matrix. DSC analysis showed that all the composites were fully cured, and CB filled composites had a slower heat flow rate compared to the neat rubber toughened composite.
Mechanical and Physical Properties of Particle Board Made from Silaned and NaOH Modified Kelampayan (Neolamarckia cadamba) Particles
Authors: Ishak Azizul , A. Karim Siti Rafedah , Samsi Hashim W.
Published: September 2013

The objective of this study is to determine the mechanical and physical properties of Particleboard made from modified particle of Kelampayan (Neolamarckia cadamba). The particles were modified with Silane and Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) by soaked the particle for 24 hours with different ratio ( Kelampayan + Silane, Kelampayan + NaOH, and Kelampayan + Silane + NaOH). The result showed that the mechanical and dimensional stability of the treated wood were improved. Particleboard made from 0.8 mesh particles treated with Silane and NaOH were highest value of bending strength modulus of rapture (MOR) 22.89MPa, modulus of elasticity (MOE) 3916.88MPa and Internal Bond properties 0.48214 MPa whereby particleboard made from 0.5 mesh particles treated by Silane were highest value for bending strength (MOR) 15.75MPa, MOE 2905.34 and Internal Bond properties 0.5748MPa.Outcome of this proposed research will provided valuable databases to the wood based industry to use Kelampayan as an alternative raw material in their down streams production such as particleboard, medium-density board and chipboard manufacturing.
The Effects of Acrylamide Loading on the Swelling Capacity of Superabsorbent Polymer in Different Aqueous Medium
Authors: Nur Raihan Mohamed , Othman Nadras , Zulkifli Ahmad , Roslinda Fauzi
Published: September 2013

Superabsorbent polymer from waste polystyrene-graft-polyacrylamide was synthesized through emulsion polymerization technique using acrylamide as a monomer and potassium persulphate as an initiator in the presence of N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (NMBA) as a crosslinking agent. The effects of acrylamide loading was investigated to obtain the optimum condition that shows the best swelling capacity in three different aqueous medium; distilled water, saline solution and urea solution. Superabsorbent hydrogel were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and electron scanning microscopy (SEM). Swelling test showed optimum absorbencies for distilled water, saline and urea solution were 1230 wt%, 1160 wt% and 440 wt% from their dry weight, respectively, recorded at ratio 1:10 of waste polystyrene to acrylamide. Meanwhile, the IR Spectroscopy proves that the grafting process between acrylamide and waste polystyrene was occurred in the hydrogel. Thermal degradation of the hydrogel started at 350 °C and the existence of porous unit can be observed in SEM micrographs.
Tensile and Flexural Properties of Casuarina equisetifolia Unsaturated Polyester Composites
Authors: Nurulaini Borhan , Romli Ahmad Zafir , Abidin Mohd Hanafiah
Published: September 2013

This study is to determine the effects of tensile and flexural testing on the C.equisetifolia composite at different loading from 10 % to 50 % weight loading (wt%). The results for all composite samples on tensile strength and tensile modulus decreasing as the weight loadings of C.equisetifolia increases. However, the result from tensile modulus was not significant when the C.equisetifolia weight loadings increase in the composite. In addition, the result obtained from flexural modulus and strength at 20 % of C.equisetifolia weight loading, increased to 3.147GPa and 3.25 MPa respectively, while when C.equisetifolia weight loadings increase the results showed a decrease.
The Effect of Alkaline Treatment on Water Absorption and Tensile Properties of Non-Woven Kenaf Polyester Composite
Authors: Mohd Nazarudin Zakaria , Mohd Ariff Jamaluddin , Kassim Masitah Abu , Othman Nur Shafiqah , Maizatulnisa Othman , Syaidatul Hazira Mohd Nasir , Mohammad Taib Mohamad Nurul Azman
Published: September 2013

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of alkali treatment on water absorption and tensile properties of non-woven kenaf polyester composite. Kenaf fiber mat was treated with 2, 4 and 6% of different sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentration. The composite was fabricated using compression molding technique. It was found that treatment reduced the overall water uptake of composites. The 6% treated fibre composite was greater in moisture resistance as compared to untreated. The tensile strength of the composites was substantially improved after alkali treatment, and it was similar with the tensile modulus.
Miscibility and Conductivities of PEO/PMMA-LiClO4 Solid Polymer Electrolyte
Authors: Abd Karim Siti Rozana , Sim Lai Har , Chan Chin Han , Zainal Nurul Fatahah Asyqin , Kassim Masitah Abu
Published: September 2013

Thin films of poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO), poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and selected blends of PEO/PMMA with and without the addition of LiClO4 were prepared using solution casting technique. The presence of a single Tg which corresponds closely to that of the Gordon Taylor equation confirms the miscibility of both the salt-free and salt-doped blends. The Tgs and the ion conductivity (σ) at room temperature of PEO, PMMA and the PEO/PMMA blends generally increase with ascending salt concentration (Y). Variations in the σ value as a function of Y for all the three systems correlate closely with their respective Tg results. PMMA-salt complex records the lowest σ value at all salt concentrations. PEO/PMMA/LiClO4 blend with 75 wt% PEO exhibits the highest σ value of 5 x 10-7 S cm-1 at Y = 0.10. The σ value of the blend-salt system is observed to be slightly lower than that of the PEO-salt system. This is due to reduced segmental motion cause by increased Tg of the blend and a decrease in free ions in the amorphous phase of PEO as a small amount of the salt is solvated by PMMA in the blend. Therefore, the percolation path lies in the amorphous PEO rich phase of the blend.
Mechanical Properties of Luffa acutangula-Filled Polypropylene
Authors: Muhammad Fakhrurazi Daud , Engku Zawawi Engku Zaharah , Kamarun Dzaraini
Published: September 2013

The value of Luffa acutangula, a species of the melon family, Curcubitaceae as food diminished as the fruit matured. They are then disposed as industrial or domestic waste material. However, the fibers of the matured fruits, also known as lignocelluloses fibers have high mechanical strength and can be used as reinforcing fillers for polymers. In this present study, treated and untreated fibers of Luffa acutangula were loaded as fillers for polypropylene (PP) at 1%, 3% and 5% loading. PP fiber composites loaded with alkali-treated fibers showed lower tensile and impact strength compared to PP fiber composites with untreated fibers. Thermal analysis of the fibers showed that alkali-treated fibers were deprived of the lignin content present in untreated fiber. This led to the lower mechanical properties of the alkali-treated luffa-filled PP composites as compared to its untreated counterpart. Increasing the fiber loading of the composites, increased the tensile and impact strength of untreated luffa-filled PP but decreased the tensile and impact strength of alkali-treated luffa-filled PP. This is in accordance to the removal of the lignin component upon alkali treatment which acts as a strengthening as well as energy absorption component of the fiber.
High Temperature Deformation and Creep Behaviors of Directionally Solidified (DS) Inconel 738LC Crystals
Authors: Ha Jong Su , An Seong Uk , Shin Pyung Woo , Hong Sun Ig
Published: September 2013

In this study high temperature deformation and creep behaviors of DS IN738LC were studied. The yield strength and the total elongation decreased gradually with increase of temperature from room temperature to 500°C. The tensile strength and ductility increased rapidly with increase of temperature from 500°C to 660°C. The flow stress of Inconel738LC increases with increasing temperature up to about 600°C in the presence ofγprecipitates. For high temperature creep, the stress exponent was observed to increase from 3~9 in the lower stress region to 13~16 in the higher stress region. The significant change of the stress exponent is likely to be attributed to the inverse temperature dependence of flow stress at high temperatures in directionally solidified IN738LC.
Green Growth vs. Leap-Forward Development in Less Developed Regions: A Case Study of Jiangxi Province of China
Authors: Long Kai Yuan
Published: September 2013

How to achieve leap-forward development under local environmental restrains and how to integrate environmental externalities in economic efficiency are crucial issues for less developed regions and countries. Contrary to most popular opinions that exploring green growth will lower economic growth rate, and even stunt economic growth in less developed regions, this case study shows that less developed regions can realize their leap forward development while exploring green growth. In this case, Jiangxi province, a less developed region of Eastern China, successfully realized its leap forward with a green growth strategy within 3 years, by correctly exploiting its regional distinctive green advantages, restructuring by precisely choosing ten green industries, and overcoming the obstacles. The restructuring and development of Jiangxi province can be a good model for other developing counties to realize their green leap-forward development.
Effect of Controlling Process Parameters on Shrinkage Porosity in Aluminum Die-Casting Rotor
Authors: Kim Young Chan , Choi Se Weon , Kang Chang Seog
Published: September 2013

Aluminum rotor prone to have many casting defects especially large amount of gas and shrinkage porosity, which caused eccentricity, loss and noise during motor operation. Many attempts have been made to develop methods of shrinkage porosity control, but still there are some problems to solve. In this research, the process of vacuum squeeze die casting is proposed for limitation of defects. The 6 pin point gated dies which were in capable of local squeeze at the end ring were used. Influences of filling patterns on HPDC were evaluated and the important process control parameters were high injection speed, squeeze length, venting and process conditions. By using local squeeze and vacuum during filling and solidification, air and shrinkage porosity were significantly reduced and the feeding efficiency at the upper end ring was improved 10%. As a result of controlling the defects, the dynamometer test showed improved motor efficiency by more than 4%.
FEA of Planetary Pipe Rolling Process for Stainless Steel
Authors: Lee Jung Kil , Kim Dong Bum , Park Jin Gun , Shin Hyuk Soo , Kim Won Yeong , Lee In Hwan , Cho Hae Yong
Published: September 2013

Planetary Pipe rolling process for AISI 304 stainless steel has been studied by using finite element method. Three-roll Mannesmann method is applied to this study. Commonly, rolling process has started from the cold working and finished to the hot one. The rolling process can provide excellent combinations of cost and process reduction than existing one. The process includes various and complex parameters. Each of the process parameters affects forming result. Therefore, all of the process parameters should be considered in FEA.
Effect of Cooling Rate on the Microstructure of Al-5.17Cu-2.63Si Cast Alloy
Authors: Zhao Guang Wei , Ye Xi Cong , Shi Zeng Min , Liu Wen Jun
Published: September 2013

The effect of cooling rate on the solicitation microstructure of a ternary cast Al-5.17Cu-2.63Si alloy is investigated. To create widely different cooling rates for the investigated alloy, the melts were cast into four molds made of different materials: aluminum, graphite, sand, and alumina-silicate-fiber felt (a thermal insulated material), respectively. The cooling curves for each mold specimen were simultaneously measured using calibrated K-type thermocouples, which are linked to a PC computer. The microstructures are characterized in terms of eutectic volume fraction and second dendrite arm spacing. The experiment result shows that increasing the cooling rate increases the amount of eutectic phase and decreases significantly the second dendrite arm spacing.
Influence of Process Parameters on the Fluidity of High Pressure Die-Casting Al-Si Alloys
Authors: Kim Young Chan , Choi Se Weon , Kim Cheol Woo , Cho Jae Ik , Kang Chang Seog
Published: September 2013

It is generally known that silicon influences the fluidity of aluminum alloys. There are several techniques to evaluate the fluidity of aluminum for gravity casting such as using spiral or serpentine type mold and vacuum suction test. However, fluidity of aluminum in high pressure die-casting has not been sufficiently studied. Therefore, in this study, the relationship between the fluidity and superheat of pouring aluminum alloy as well as injection speed was studied. A serpentine and step type die for evaluating the fluidity of aluminum alloys was designed and actual experiments were conducted for aluminum by varying many parameters such as pouring and injection speed and the content of silicon. The results showed that fluidity of aluminum in die-casting was quite similar to the gravity casting. Under high pressure die casting conditions, increased fluidity was measured as the silicon content, superheat, G.B.F treatment time and injection speed were increased.
Effect of Crack Opening on Distribution of Magnetic Flux Density around Fatigue Cracks
Authors: Tanabe Hirotaka , Izumi Yui , Takamatsu Tohru , Shimada Jun , Kida Katsuyuki , Santos Edson Costa
Published: September 2013

In order to identify the mechanisms of changes in the magnetic flux density distribution around fatigue cracks that occur during crack propagation, JIS SCM440 specimens were fatigue tested, and the relation between crack morphology and magnetic flux density distribution was investigated. Two features were observed: a high intensity area around the crack tip, and a low intensity area around the crack root. The low intensity area grew larger for wide open cracks and disappeared when the crack was closed by external force. It was hence found that the magnetic flux density distribution is strongly affected by the crack opening.
Analysis on the Construction of Psychological Assistance Mechanism of Emergency Coal Mine
Authors: Gao Yong Xin
Published: September 2013

Is a huge coal mine in China, is also a State of psychological crisis intervention started later, mine will affect their mental and physical health in multiple ways, the impact could be short-lived, too, there may be long, and leads to severe mental suffering or mental disorder or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and adjustment disorders. This analysis of coal mine emergency psychological assistance, submit cooperative, universality, such as scientific principles for emergency psychological assistance. At the same time the study of coal mine emergency psychological continuity, make secondary disaster measures taken do not appear.
A Research on Tailings Reprocessing from Da-Hongshan
Authors: Liu Jie , Yang Bo , Li Qing , He Tao , Lu Lin
Published: September 2013

The tailings in Da hongshan contains 14.56% iron, which mostly in form as hematite, and another iron in form as magnetite, maghemtite or siderite, this part just accounting 2.96%. The main gangue minerals in the tailings are 48.47% quartz and dolomite, 8.31% mica, 1.05% chlorite. According to particle size analysis, amount of iron size is enriched in +0.037mm~-0.074mm, +0.010mm~-0.019mm and-0.010mm, its distribution is 24.96%, 14.14% and 36.96% respectively. This particle researched its mineralogy then discuss a feasible flow-sheet to recycle the iron in tailings by several mineral processing tests. Finally find that magnetic-gravity separation is a useful method. The test conditions are: magnetic field strength is 0.90T in roughing separation and 0.97T in scavenging separation. The hang and vibrate of cone concentrator is used for gravity separation, its vibration frequency is 385rev/min with rotation period of the vibrate is 227.5sec/turn. The grade of obtained concentrating and middlings is 54.15%, 57.13% respectively, with recovery 28.99% , 1.00% respectively.
A Discussion on the Reuse of Disused Mining Areas from a Land Reclamation Point of View, Using Dayoukeng as an Example
Authors: Sheu Ling Yuh , Lee Ying Lin , Wen Shaw Bing , Shen Yun Hwei
Published: September 2013

The rapid development of land resources and the sharp growth in demand for land have resulted in land degradation. Therefore, the reclamation, planning and management of such areas, including plans for implementing corresponding measures, are a very important topic at present. Located in the Yangmingshan National Park, the Dayoukeng disused mining area has craters created by volcanic activities and hot springs, and it was once the mining centerpiece of Taiwan. In addition to related literature review and field investigation as well as discussions on the operational procedures of ecological planning methods, this research carried out studies on landscape reclamation cases at home and abroad. Afterward, this research analyzed the land fitness of the Dayoukeng area based on landscape conservation principles. Finally, according to the analysis results, this research proposed land reuse planning principles and concept planning for the landscape reclamation and reuse. Meanwhile, the author expects to build up the experience of this case's research to serve as a reference to the reuse planning of disused mining areas in the future.
Research on Reverse Engineering for Blades of Axial Flow Compressors Based on Parameterization
Authors: Song Wei , Lai Xi De , Zhang Wei , Lu Zhen , Chen Xiao Ming
Published: September 2013

To acquire the digital model of axial compressors on the actual projects, a Reverse Engineering procedure of the blade which has high accuracy and efficiency based on Parametric Modeling was developed. To meet the requirements of geometric characteristics and aerodynamic optimization design and accuracy of overall blade, a method of blade-measuring path planning based on curves of cross sections and blade body surfaces was presented. For solving the problems of difficulty in the definition and fitting in primary parametric surfaces and connections between them, a parametric surface definition method of typical axial compressors blade based on blade geometry was presented and the connections were fit with a process of primary parametric surface boundary-splicing surface generation. Finally, an example of Reverse Engineering for blades of axial flow compressors based on parameterization was given.
Research on Gas Extraction from High Gas Coal Seam Group
Authors: Yin Wen Ming
Published: September 2013

Using the typical gas extraction from high gas coal seam group Songzi Moutain mine as example, to give the basic parameters of coal seam, and elaborate the measures and design process of gas extraction from coal seam group to provide a referential engineering case for other gas mines with similar conditions.
The Competition Effect of Strain and Interatomic Distance on Ferromagnetic Critical Temperature in Ising Ultra-Thin-Film: Monte Carlo Simulation
Authors: Laosiritaworn Yongyut , Laosiritaworn Wimalin
Published: September 2013

This work used Monte Carlo simulation to investigate the effect of lattice strain on critical temperature of the ferromagnetic Ising ultra-thin-film. Using Bethe-Slater interpretation, exchange interaction was assumed Lennard-Jones (LJ) potential function, and becomes functions of interatomic distance. The cluster flip algorithm was used to update the spin configuration, where energy and magnetization were measure to extract critical temperature via the fourth order cumulant of the magnetization. Results show that initial interatomic distance and strain have strong effect on magnetic critical point behavior. The critical point can be enhanced or suppressed depending on how exchange interaction is modified by the values of initial interatomic distance and strain. A scaling function in predicting critical temperatures is also given in this work. Results agree well with previous applicable works, which confirms the reliability of the reported results.
Research on the 45Mn Materials Forging Properties
Authors: Zhao Yu Ping , Xu Yu Hai
Published: September 2013

In this paper, we study the 45Mn steel material forging performance, and the results show that: as long as choosing reasonable forging process parameters, such as the crack forging defects can be avoided. Through the forging of 45Mn material internal organizational performance in microscopic analysis, found that the microstructure and beginning the determination of forging closely related temperature range, so as to determine the 45Mn steel forging process, for 45Mn steel forging production provides the practical feasible forging process. Keywords: 45Mn, Forging performance, Microstructure, Microscopic analysis, Forging process
Study on Sodium-Calcining of Boron Concentrate
Authors: Jiang Tao , Yin Lu , Zhu Lei , Xue Xiang Xin
Published: September 2013

Boron concentrate obtained from paigeite mineral by magnetic separation was treated by using sodium-calcining method. Mass of NaOH, calcination temperature and time that influence the leaching rate of B2O3 was investigated. Phase compositions and B2O3 leaching rate of sodium roasting products were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and chemical analysis. The results showed that the suitable processing parameters were addition of NaOH 10 times by theoretical mass, calcination temperature 600°C, holding time 4h. Under the above conditions, the leaching rate of B2O3 reached 92.94% when the leaching temperature, leaching time and liquid-solid ratio is 99°C, 2h and 10:1, respectively.
Preparation of Copper Doped L-Threonine Modified Electrode and its Application in Determination of Hydroquinone
Authors: Hua Yue , Song Zong Rong , He Jia Hong , Zhang Ying , Hu Cheng Bo
Published: September 2013

A copper doped L-threonine modified electrode was prepared by cyclic voltammetry (CV), and the electrochemical behavior of hydroquinone at the modified electrode had been studied. A novel determination method of hydroquinone using CV, chronoamperometry and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) was established, and the scan rate and supporting electrolyte factors on catalytic oxidation of hydroquinone in modified electrodes were discussed. The results revealed that the modified electrode had showed obvious electrocatalytic activity for hydroquinone, and anodic peak current increased linearly with the concentration of hydroquinone in the range of 0.8-150 μmol/L with the detection limit of 0.4 μmol/L (S/N=3). The method has been applied to the determination of hydroquinone in water sample with satisfactory results.the recovery ranged from 95.9 % to 105.2 %.
Effects of Mn and Ca Additions on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al-Mg Alloy
Authors: Choi Se Weon , Kim Young Chan , Kang Chang Seog , Jung Jae Min , Hong Sung Kil
Published: September 2013

The effects of Mn and Ca contents on the microstructure and mechanical properties in Al-Mg alloy were investigated. The results showed that mechanical properties of Al-4.5wt.%Mg were increased as Mn content was raised from 0.1 to 0.5wt.%. Thermodynamic analysis and FE-SEM observation showed that Al15(Fe,Mn)3Si2phase began to form as Mn content exceeded 0.3wt.%. The case of Ca addition, the tensile strength and elongation of Al-4.5wt.%Mg were decreased as Ca content was increased from 0 to 3wt.%. The maximum solubility of Ca for Al is very lower to 0.074wt.%, the most of Ca precipitated in the form of Al2Ca phase which is very brittle and the increase of Ca content was reduced the mechanical properties.