bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VALIDACIÓN DEL SCORE MAMÁ Y MACAS EN PACIENTES DE LA REGIÓN AMAZÓNICA DEL ECUADOR
Authors: Quezada Gali0000-0002-1845-8162ndo José Luis , Garay García Louciana Marisol , Pillco Buestán Silvana Piedad , Paguay Paredes Diana Cecilia , Peralta Verdugo Jesica Tatiana
Published: January 2021

IntroductionIn Ecuador, preeclampsia is one of the leading causes of maternal mortality. In order to identify the risk in this population in a timely manner, in 2017 the MAMÁ Score was developed, which allows to activate obstetric emergency keys and thus provide a systematized and timely care. The objective of this study was to validate the MAMÁ and MACAS score in patients in the Amazon region of Ecuador.Materials and methodsA retrospective and analytical cohort study was conducted, they were eligible to participate in the pregnant study attended by the Ginecology and Obstetrics Service of the MacAS General Hospital in the period: January 2018 to December 2019. The MAMÁ and MACAS scores were applied to all participants. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS software. Sensitivity values, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for each obstetric key were calculated. Adjusted logistic regression analysis for confusing variables made it possible to identify the score with better diagnostic performance.Results1259 pregnant women were evaluated an average age of 24.93 years, average BMM of 27.61 Kg/m2, mean systolic and diastolic pressure values were 111.19 mmHg and 70.22 mmHg respectively. 101 obstetric keys were activated, where 46 were categorized as Blue Key, 14 as Yellow Key, and 41 Red Key. Logistic regressions identified that an score MAMÁ by about 3 points increased by 18 times the probability of requiring obstetric key activation, while with the MACAS score the same score increased by 20 times the probability of activating the obstetric keys.Conclusions Both scores are suitable for the recognition of pregnant women with obstetric risk, the MACAS score presented a better specificity, with respect to obstetric keys. These results should be validated in larger cohorts and prospectively with the aim of establishing the best score in patient subgroups.
Geleneksel el sanatlarında kullanılan çintemani motifive seramik sanatına yansımaları
Authors: HAYIRSEVER Bengutay
Published: January 2021

Geçmiş yüzyıllardan günümüze ustasının anlatım diliyle biçimlenerek belirgin bir kimlik ortaya koyan geleneksel motiflerimiz; özgün desenleri, şekilleri ve renkleri ile Türk kültürü içinde köklü bir geçmişe sahip olagelmiştir. Bu motiflerin en göz alıcı ve dikkate değerlerinden biri Çintemani motifidir. İlk kullanımı Uygur Türklerine kadar tarihlendirilen Çintemani motifi; günümüzde tekstil, halı, çini, seramik, tezhip, ahşap ve sedef işlemeciliği gibi sanatlarda hala yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Tarihte farklı medeniyetlerde çeşitli inançlarda sembol ve dekor amacıyla farklı şekil ve kompozisyonlarda kullanılmış olan motif; Uygur Türkleri’nin kullanımından sonra Uzakdoğu‘da kutsal bir hale gelmiş ve daha sonra Osmanlı süsleme sanatında da çoklukla kullanılmıştır. Bereket, koruyuculuk, güç gibi kavramları temsil eden ve görsel olarak üçgen şeklini hatırlatan Çintemani motifi; ikisi altta biri üstte üç yuvarlak ve iki dalgalı çizgiden meydana gelmektedir. Üç yuvarlak, pars postundaki beneklere, iki dalgalı çizgi ise kaplan postuna benzetildiğinden Osmanlı döneminde padişah ve şehzade kaftanlarında sıkça kullanılmıştır. Bu araştırma da Çintemani motifinin tarihi, kültürel ve sosyal anlam boyutu irdelenerek, motifin seramik sanatına nasıl yansıdığı örneklerle anlatılacaktır.
Poesia falada: o levante das mulheres
Authors: Oliveira Rejane Pivetta de , Cruz Tatiana Borges da
Published: January 2021

Este artigo examina o movimento da poesia falada feita por mulheres em saraus e slams, focalizando, mais especificamente, o Sarau Nosotras, que ocorre na cena literária de Porto Alegre. O interesse está em observar o evento enquanto espaço de performance poética (ZUMTHOR, 2001) fechado à participação masculina, a partir de perspectivas críticas que contemplam a virada identitária alavancada pela explosão feminista (HOLLANDA, 2018) e a emergência das representações dos sujeitos periféricos (SPIVAK, 2010; KILOMBA, 2019). Nesse contexto, pretende-se demonstrar que a intensa participação das mulheres no cenário da poesia falada, amplificada pelo universo digital (CASTELLS, 2013), põe em pauta novos agenciamentos, dando visibilidade a uma produção que desafia a tradição canônica da literatura.
Una mirada a las entrañas del Estado mexicano
Authors: Delgado Kevyn Simon
Published: January 2021

Reseña crítica de:

Vicente Ovalle, Camilo, [Tiempo suspendido] Una historia de la desaparición forzada en México, 1940-1980, México, Bonilla Artiga Editores, 2019, 359 pp.
Litigância contra o Poder Público: uma revisão da doutrina da inversão do ônus da prova em desfavor do particular
Authors: David Tiago Bitencourt de
Published: January 2021

O presente estudo analisa criticamente o lugar-comum de que o particular suporta o ônus da prova quando alega a atuação injusta da Administração Pública. O escrito principia pelas condições de possibilidade para a edição de um ato jurídico válido, especialmente a processualidade administrativa e o dever de fundamentação. Depois, mediante abordagem interdisciplinar, a pesquisa busca revelar as limitações das abordagens exclusivamente processualistas ou administrativistas, mostrando como a dinâmica da produção do ato administrativo e sua impugnação em juízo possuem dinâmicas e pressupostos diversos daqueles focados exclusivamente na explicação tradicional sobre ônus da prova e prerrogativas da atuação do Poder Público. Por fim, apresenta-se um itinerário acerca da cognição judicial do pleito de invalidade de ato administrativo, esclarecendo elementos minimamente necessários para uma escorreita fundamentação do ato jurisdicional. Tudo como forma de contribuir para uma concreta promoção do acesso à justiça.
Cold War (Post-)Truth Regimes: Radio Free Europe between “States of Affairs” and the Epistemology of Hope and Fear
Authors: Grutza Anna
Published: January 2021

In accord with recent scholarly appeals, this article advocates a certain intellectual tolerance and modesty in regard to the juxtaposition of conflicting or even supposedly rival approaches to questions of epistemology and truth. By rejecting the idea of a fixed epistemological standpoint and by moving the reader along a multiplicity of frames and truth situations, the author argues that if the post-truth problematic can teach us anything new about truth, it is the necessity to (re-)acknowledge that there is no omniscient position for the scholar and that none of our scholarly approaches taken separately enable us to grasp the totality. Hence, truth is investigated in this article as a variable shaping and being shaped by a highly dynamic and uncertain social reality – a reality that is neither constituted of “hard facts” nor of a “soft relativism” alone. From a consideration of the selected Cold War context and the laboratory-like setting of the American broadcaster Radio Free Europe, it can be concluded that a new media-archaeology of the fact requires not only a revision of our understanding of truth but of agency, rationality, and objectivity as well.
Interactions between enzymes and oxide colloidal particles and their influence on enzymatic activity
Authors: Derr Ludmilla
Published: January 2021

Enzyme immobilization on inorganic oxide particles is a widely employed technique that permits the reuse of costly enzymes in catalytic processes. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of adsorption on ceramic particles on the catalytic activities of enzymes. The adsorption of the proteolytic enzyme α-chymotrypsin on silica, alumina, and titania was studied. The ­enzyme adsorption was specifically investigated by material characterization before and after adsorption, quantification of the adsorbed enzyme and detailed enzymatic activity measurements. Furthermore, the experimental results were interpreted based on complementary simulations. Covalent enzyme immobilization on amino-functionalized alumina and silica was also performed. Its effects on the enzymatic activity of α-chymotrypsin were additionally investigated by employing matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy.

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Simulation und Steuerung gekoppelter Wasser- und Stromversorgungssysteme urbaner Ballungsräume
Authors: Robleto Gloria Sofia
Published: January 2021

Kurzfassung

Mit wachsenden Bevölkerungszahlen in urbanen Ballungsräumen nimmt der Bedarf an begrenzten Ressourcen wie Wasser, Energie und Infrastrukturkapazitäten stetig zu. Dabei besteht die Gefahr, dass die Nachfrage das Angebot deutlich übersteigen kann. Es stellt sich die Frage, wie können begrenzte Ressourcen optimal bewirtschaftet werden, um die steigende Nachfrage zu decken und natürlichen Ressourcen zu schonen? Die vorliegende Arbeit wendet sich an Ingenieuren und Wissenschaftler im Bereich des integrierten Managements von Wasser- und Energieressourcen. In diesem Kontext stellt die Arbeit einen modellbasierten Ansatz vor, der die Beschreibung von Bedarfen, Kapazitäten und deren Verknüpfungen in sektoralen und transsektoralen Infrastrukturen und zugleich die Abbildung einzelner sektoraler Komponenten durch Prozessmodelle erlaubt. Der Ansatz wurde auf den Wasser- und Elektrizitätsinfrastrukturen der Stadt Lima (Peru) erprobt.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1 Einleitung ……
Verfahren zur Optimierung der haptischen Wertanmutung von Produkten auf der Basis von Simulationsmodellen
Authors: Mersch Frank
Published: January 2021

Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt ein Verfahren, welches Produktentwicklern bereits im Entwurfsprozess die Möglichkeit bietet, die Haptik von Produkten zielgerichtet für die Kunden auszulegen. Im Gegensatz zu den bestehenden Vorgehensweisen umfasst das in dieser Arbeit vorgestellte Verfahren den gesamten Prozess zur simulationsbasierten Optimierung der Produkthaptik – von der Objektivierung der Produkthaptik über die direkte Kopplung dieser Wahrnehmungsobjektivierung mit Methoden aus der Simulationstechnik bis hin zum abschließenden Einsatz von Optimierungsverfahren. Die Anwendbarkeit des Verfahrens wird anhand einer Optimierung eines Handygehäuses und eines Handwerkzeugs nachgewiesen.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Nomenklatur IX

Kurzfassung XI

Abstract XII

1. Einleitung 1

1.1 Problemstellung und Zielsetzung 2

1.2 Aufbau der Arbeit 3

2 Grundlagen und Stand der Wissenschaft 4

2.1 Die wahrgenommene Qualität 4

2.2 Mathematische Grundlagen 6

2.2.1 Kennwerte zur Beschreibung von Datensätzen 6...
Determination of Efficient and Inefficient Stocks with the Capital Asset Price Model (CAPM) Method
Authors: Sunarya I Wayan
Published: January 2021

Stock selection by an investor needs to be done with a variety of existing analysis for example the application of the Capital Asset Price Model. In the Composite Stock Index known as LQ45 shares. LQ45 shares have a unique characteristic that is their shares are liquid, meaning their shares are favored by investors because the average has very good fundamentals. For this reason, in this study the selected stocks, LQ45 shares, are used to determine which shares are worth buying and which shares are not worth buying. Because the names of companies incorporated in LQ45 continue to change from year to year, in this study using a sample of LQ45 company data, amounting to 30 companies where the company was chosen because from 2017 to 2019, the company remains in the LQ45 stock group. For research data sources sourced from Yahoo Finance and take a variety of reading sources both through journals and online media. As for determining efficient and inefficient stocks lies in the value of the individual Expected Return or often abbreviated as [E (Ri)]. If the Individual Expected Return is greater than the value of the Individual Return (Ri) then the shares are in the efficient stock.
Cartas dirigidas a Ricardo Palma
Authors: Toribio Medina José
Published: January 2021

Trascripción de cartas dirigidas a don Ricardo Palma por José Toribio Medina, existentes en su archivo epistolar. Ilustran muy elocuentemente sobre los afanes bibliográficos del epistológrafo y el bibliotecario, interesados en acopiar noticias exactas de libros antiguos y en dar remate a eruditos escarceos.
Entrevistas a dieciocho escritores peruanos sobre ¿Cuál es en su concepto la figura literaria más grande que ha tenido el Perú?, publicadas en la revista Perricholi, Nº 8, 9, 11 y 13 del año 1926.
Authors: Balarezo Pinillos Ezequiel
Published: January 2021

En la presente edición de Fénix se publica la opinión de  dieciocho escritores, pertenecientes a diversas generaciones sobre "la figura literaria más grande que ha tenido el Perú".

Originalmente la consulta fue difundida en 1926, por la "revista semanal ilustrada" que Ezequiel Balarezo Pinillos publicaba en Lima bajo el nombre de Perricholi. Entre los dieciocho escritores consultados están los siguientes: José Gálvez, José Carlos Mariátegui, José Santos Chocano, Raúl Porras Barrenechea y Jorge Basadre
Encabezamientos de materia para bibliotecas agrícolas
Authors: Cavero De Cornejo Amalia
Published: January 2021

Lista de encabezamientos de materia para las bibliotecas agrícolas, elaborada a partir de la experiencia en la Biblioteca de la Estación Experimental Agrícola de La Molina.

Los encabezamientos que se incluyen en el trabajo no son exclusivamente agrícolas, sino que ellos corresponden, también, a las ciencias afines o relacionadas y de las cuales es imposible desligarse. Tales los casos de los que corresponden a ciencias como la Botánica, Zoología, Biología, Química, Economía, Estadística, etc.
Libro primero de Cabildos de la ciudad de San Juan de la Frontera de Chachapoyas
Authors: Rivera Serna Raúl
Published: January 2021

El objetivo fundamental de la nota, circunscrita a presentar la versión adjunta del Libro de Cabildos de la ciudad de San Juan de la Frontera de Chachapoyas, impide ofrecer un estudio integral o al menos más completo sobre la historia de ciudad de tan especiales características en el orden geográfico, social y económico. Ello no es óbice, sin embargo, para pasar por alto ciertos rasgos que denuncian su prestancia aborigen primero, y mestiza después.
Un impreso limeño desconocido
Authors: Lohmann Villena Guillermo
Published: January 2021

Revisa un ejemplar impreso limeño ubicado en la Biblioteca Nacional de Madrid : “Cartilla música y primera parte que contiene un método fácil para aprender a cantar” impreso en 1763.
El servicio de préstamos en las bibliotecas públicas
Authors: Cáceres D. C. Nilda
Published: January 2021

El servicio de préstamos no es ciertamente atributo de la Biblioteca Pública. También se realiza en otros tipos de bibliotecas. Pero en éstas no alcanza proporciones tan enormes como en las Bibliotecas Públicas importantes, cuyos préstamos pueden contarse por millones, haciendo claramente visible que uno de los principales problemas que debe resolver el Servicio es la rapidez del proceso de entrega y devolución.
Una obra de Levinus Apoillonus sobre la Conquista del Perú, en la Biblioteca Nacional
Authors: Della Santa Elizabeth
Published: January 2021

Analiza y describe el volumen de Levinus Apollonius, publicado en Amberes "apud Joannem Bellerum" en 1567, que se halla en la Biblioteca Nacional del Perú.
Bibliografías Nacionales de la América Latina
Authors: Peraza Fermin
Published: January 2021

Trabajo presentado al Sexto Seminario sobre adquisición de materiales latinoamericanos de Biblioteca. Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, Illinois. July, 1961. La compilación cooperativa de las bibliografías nacionales en el continente americano ofrece distintos puntos de estudio en relación con las diferentes áreas geográficas del mismo. Las diferencias de lenguas, recursos económicos y tradiciones históricas se reflejan en este problema de estudio.
Mesas redondas bibliotecológicas
Authors: Olivera R. Isabel
Published: January 2021

Ante la imperante necesidad de investigar el estado actual de los servicios bibliotecarios en el Perú, la Junta Directiva de la Asociación Peruana de Bibliotecarios para el período 1965-1967, decidió iniciar un proyecto en el cual los bibliotecarios asociados dialogarían y trabajarían juntos en el análisis de losproblemas y la búsqueda de soluciones a corto, mediano y largo plazo. Este proyecto se concretó con la formación de nueve Mesas Redondas Bibliotecológicas,con duración de un año.
Memoria del Director de la Biblioteca Nacional
Authors: Lohmann Villena Guillermo
Published: January 2021

Memoria de la Biblioteca Nacional, en la cual don Guillermo Lohmann Villena expone sobre las actividades realizadas en esta Institución durante su gestión.
Smart city of the 22 century: a closing circle
Authors: Gaevskaya Zlata , Mityagin Sergey
Published: January 2021

Communications of people or devices eliminate the basic principles of vertical control. New technological breakthroughs based on the energy Internet will change the way people interact with each other and the environment. This brings them together with living organisms. In the world of nature, all life processes take place on the principle of a "closing circle". The "smart" city of the XX century will be built according to completely new energy, and economic models and ways of interacting with the nature. Digital urban development of the future should involve biosphere content.
Novo-Lenino: criminal activity and rehabilitation
Authors: Kudryavtsev Fedor , Tokareva Elena
Published: January 2021

The results of a crime localization study in Russian cities are presented. A long-term model of urban environment influence on criminal intent is proposed. Social and spatial causes of rising criminal level and later urban reconstruction methods are shown on the example of Pruitt-Igoe (St. Louis) and Bijlmer (Amsterdam) districts. A model for the reconstruction of the Novo-Lenino district in Irkutsk is proposed. Measures have been developed considering the historical dynamics of the region and its unique features.
Industrial architecture of the Far East. Blagoveshchensk, Khabarovsk
Authors: Bazilevich Mikhail , Kradin Nikolai
Published: January 2021

The article is focused on industrial architecture of the Russian Far East. Studying the cases of the largest cities in Priamurye, Blagoveshchensk and Khabarovsk, the authors identify the main features of the architecture of factories and other industrial facilities, due to the specifics of the development of the region and its individual cities. The main types of industrial facilities of the second half of XIX – early XX centuries and the principles of their placement in urban areas are considered.
Palaeogene plutonic magmatism in Central Afghanistan, and its relation to the India-Eurasia collision
Authors: Motuza Gediminas , Šliaupa Saulius
Published: January 2021

Numerous granitic intrusions occur along the southern margin of the Tajik Block and the Band-e-Bayan Zone in the Ghor Province of Central Afghanistan. Previously, they used to be linked to the Cimmerian igneous episodes of Triassic and Cretaceous ages. However, the new U-Pb dating has revealed that these granite intrusions occurred during the Eocene within a narrow time span of 41–36 Ma. They are related to the number of local depressions filled with the volcanic-sedimentary sequence of the same age. These data indicate an intense short-termed magmatic event that affected the region in the Palaeogene. The magmatism might be related to the India-Eurasia collision, which started approximately at the same time. It is likely to have induced the horizontal displacement of crustal blocks westwards along the Hari Rod fault.
Le colorisme et le noirisme dans le contexte haïtien. Amour de Marie Vieux-Chauvet
Authors: Enchill Brigid
Published: January 2021

Il s’agit du contraste entre la Négritude, qui repose sur la certitude que le continent africain et ses habitants ont un apport positif qui doit contribuer à l’universel des cultures humaines. Il s’agit d’une main tendue sans complexe. Tandis que le colorisme, introduit par Alice Walker, et le noirisme, ont rapidement été dévoyés en une pratique du ressentiment en Haïti, causant les noirs de peau foncée de devenir la terreur de leurs compatriotes « mulâtres ». Sous l’impulsion des « trois D », dont Duvalier, le noirisme est devenu la politique des « tontons macoutes » assoiffés de pouvoir et de reconnaissance sociale, par les bourgeois mulâtres qu’ils persécutaient, selon des relents d’envie, de jalousie, de ressentiment meurtrier et de désir sexuel qui en fin de compte jouent avec le racisme, et gardent la hiérarchie des pigments intacte et opérationnelle, comme dans une famille aux relations d’amour malsaines et mortifères.
Integra, 25 años. El camino a la calidad educativa
Authors: Rossel Carrillo Oriele
Published: January 2021

El derecho de niños y niñas a desarrollarse plenamente y ser felices, y el derecho de las familias a tener acceso universal y garantizado a jardines infantiles y salas cunas de calidad es un compromiso que convoca y moviliza a Integra en sus 25 años de historia. Este artículo rescata esa trayectoria, en función de dos ejes estratégicos de la carta de navegación institucional: Modelo de Educación y Personas que Educan. Ambos ejes, explican la cultura de evaluación y formación continua de Integra, y la proyectan al siglo XXI con los desafíos de la inclusión.
Observar a los niños y niñas es aprender de ellos. Una evaluación en educación infantil centrada en los niños y niñas
Authors: Manhey Mónica
Published: January 2021

Muchas veces al recordar la enseñanza que tuvimos, afloran buenos y malos momentos, y entre ellos las experiencias evaluativas, algunas gratificantes y otras decepcionantes y hasta humillantes. Revisando la evaluación en el sistema escolar ha sido utilizada para privilegiar una manera de ser y hasta de definir a un estudiante modelo, fabricando jerarquías (Perrenoud 2010) ello ha producido efectos en la vida de las personas y la educación inicial no ha estado exento de ello. En este escrito nos referiremos a la evaluación que se realiza en el aula o algún sistema de tipo no convencional, pero en un nivel micro, es decir, no de la gestión, ni del sistema, sino para el aprendizaje de los niños y niñas menores de seis años. Invitamos por tanto al lector a remirar las prácticas pedagógicas y otorgarle mayor relevancia a detenerse, observar y aprender de los niños y niñas y sus formas de relacionarse y aprender, sin mostrar un modelo ideal. Abordaremos la importancia de una observación abierta, donde el educador además de plantearse objetivos de aprendizaje a priori, pueden emerger otros, posterior a la observación de los niños y niñas, todo ello si tiene una apertura y pueda mirar sin “lentes” que le nublen la mirada y la cierren a lo preestablecido.
Algunas consideraciones en torno al modelo educativo de la Universidad de Chile
Authors: Vergara Juan
Published: January 2021

Este artículo se estructura sobre la base de una observación crítica respecto de los alcances que tiene el Modelo Educativo de la Universidad de Chile, analizando tensiones producidas entre conceptos y los supuestos epistémicos que sostienen el engranaje de este modelo desde la perspectiva curricular. Asimismo, se tensionan las implicancias que tiene el modelo de formación basado en competencias y cómo éste se puede articular en función del paradigma humanista que posee esta universidad.
La educación popular desde la opinión de la prensa obrera en Chile (1903-1927)
Authors: González Jaime , Sandoval Geraldine
Published: January 2021

El presente artículo analiza la opinión de la prensa obrera sobre la educación popular en el período 1903-1927. El trabajo se nutre de un corpus de periódicos sistematizados por dos tesis de grado en historia. Los principales resultados dan cuenta de distinciones marcadas de opinión entre la prensa anarquista y los periódicos de corte socialista. Las principales diferencias se observan en el terreno de la educación de la mujer, donde resulta evidente una propuesta rupturista de los periódicos ácratas en torno a su papel en la sociedad. La investigación concluye que los medios presentan una serie de semejanzas, tanto en el modelo de prensa al que tributan, como en su preocupación por el mundo popular en general. El estudio también concluye que los principales disensos se observan en el plano doctrinal, a la hora de discutir sobre la educación que debe recibir la mujer popular.
Copper-Gold Fertility of Arc Volcanic Rocks: A Case Study from the Early Permian Lizzie Creek Volcanic Group, NE Queensland, Australia
Authors: Behnsen Helge , Spandler Carl , Corral Isaac , Chang Zhaoshan , Dirks Paul H.G.M.
Published: January 2021

The Early Permian Lizzie Creek Volcanic Group of the northern Bowen Basin, NE Queensland, Australia, has compositions that range from basalt through andesite to rhyolite with geochemical signatures (e.g., enrichment in Cs, Rb, Ba, U, Th, and Pb, depletion in Nb and Ta) that are typical of arc lavas. In the Mount Carlton district the Lizzie Creek Volcanic Group is host to high-sulfidation epithermal Cu-Au-Ag mineralization, whereas farther to the south near Collinsville (~50 km from Mount Carlton) these volcanic sequences are barren of magmatic-related mineralization. Here, we assess whether geochemical indicators of magma fertility (e.g., Sr/Y, La/Yb, V/Sc) can be applied to volcanic rocks through study of coeval volcanic sequences from these two locations.

The two volcanic suites share similar petrographic and major element geochemical characteristics, and both have undergone appreciable hydrothermal alteration during, or after, emplacement. Nevertheless, the two suites have distinct differences in alteration-immobile trace element (V, Sc, Zr, Ti, REE, Y) concentrations. The unmineralized suite has relatively low V/Sc and La/Yb, particularly in the high SiO2 rocks, which is related to magma evolution dominated by fractionation of clinopyroxene, plagioclase, and magnetite. By contrast, the mineralized suite has relatively high V/Sc but includes high SiO2 rocks with depleted HREE and Y contents, and hence high La/Yb. These trends are interpreted to reflect magma evolution under high magmatic H2O conditions leading to enhanced amphibole crystallization and suppressed plagioclase and magnetite crystallization. These rocks have somewhat elevated Sr/Y compared to the unmineralized suite, but as Sr is likely affected by hydrothermal mobility, Sr/Y is not considered to be a reliable indicator of magmatic conditions.

Our data show that geochemical proxies such as V/Sc and La/Yb that are used to assess Cu-Au fertility of porphyry intrusions can also be applied to cogenetic volcanic sequences, provided elemental trends with fractionation can be assessed for a volcanic suite. These geochemical tools may aid regional-scale exploration for Cu-Au mineralization in convergent margin terranes, especially in areas that have undergone limited exhumation or where epithermal and porphyry mineralization may be buried beneath cogenetic volcanic successions.
Dünyada Faz 3 Çalışmaları Devam Eden COVID-19 Aşı Adaylarının Güncel Durumu
Authors: Rudvan Al Leyla İpek , Ünal Serhat
Published: January 2021

Research started with the pneumonia cases that emerged in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and whose cause could not be determined clearly, revealed the existence of a new type of coronavirus. The infectious agent was named SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2), and the disease setting caused by the virus was entitled COVID-19 (coronavirus disease-2019). The increasing number of cases and mortality rates due to the disease worldwide has caused a large number of vaccine research studies to be initiated simultaneously. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) December 22nd 2020 data, the number of Covid-19 vaccine research studies currently ongoing all over the world is 233 and the number of studies that have passed the clinical trials stage is 61. 15 of these studies are at Phase 3 stage. There are 12 ongoing COVID-19 vaccine studies in our country and all of them are in the preclinical stage. In this review article, 15 vaccine candidate studies whose Phase 3 stage continues, were discussed among the COVID-19 vaccine research studies.
Believing in Ghosts
Authors: Lopes André ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: January 2021

What does it mean to be alive? At what point does artificial intelligence know enough to be alive? Does the Turing test even matter? If we want the best government policy possible, does it matter if it comes from a computer? In this work of philosophical short story fiction, Rain is hired to do cyber-security for Presidential candidate Mr. Booker. There is a cyber-attack into Booker’s computer network and Rain is called to answer for the breach. In the process of digging into the data, Rain finds out that Booker is an actor, what is known in society as a “ghost,” and that all of the policy and speeches he has been given are being written by a sophisticated artificial intelligence using polling and other data. He says, literally, the perfect things at the perfect times, to the perfect audience. While artificial people, like news reporters, bloggers, actors, and influencers, are slowly becoming standard in this near future story, the idea of a politician being nothing more but an actor serving as a vessel for AI is unprecedented. Before Rain can decide what to do with her newfound information she is framed and is forced to use all her computer skills just to keep herself out of jail.
Monsters
Authors: Pereira Ana Carolina ,   After Dinner Conversation
Published: January 2021

What does it mean to be a monster? How do you teach people to become accustomed to seeing things they don’t initially like or understand? Whose obligation is it to break through stereotypes and create a deeper understanding, the person who is afraid, or the object of their fear? In this work of philosophical short fiction, a mother takes her child out to the park even though there are ongoing rumors of “monsters” that roam their suburban neighborhood. Those fears seem to be true, and seem to imply this is a unique world, as the driver of an ice-cream truck suffers from severe, and grotesque, physical deformities. He says the reason he works a job and goes out in public is to help others get used to seeing “people” like him. On their walk home the narrator is continually concerned about the monsters that lurk in the neighborhood as she questions if leaving the house was a good idea. She feels she is being stalked by one of the monsters as they rush back to their home. They reach relative safety when her husband sees them and brings them onto their property. That’s when she sees, newly spray painted on the garage door of their suburban house “Whites only, negros get out.” Only then do we realize that the “monsters” are those that live all around them as they are the first to integrate their suburban neighborhood. They are the ones forcing others to get used to seeing “people” like them.
Mathematical historical material from the east.
Authors: Broomell Bertha Lillian
Published: January 2021

It is impossible to give in a few words any adequate idea of the rare and valuable mathematical material collected last year in the Far East by Professor David Eugene Smith while on his sabbatical leave. We can merely mention some of his most important acquisitions.
Collegiate Mathematics in Relation to the Changes Proposed in the Secondary School Course
Authors: Smith Percey F.
Published: January 2021

Any discussion as to a reorganization of secondary-school mathematics should be of more than passing interest to teachers of collegiate mathematics. As one looks back and remembers that college teachers exercised a controlling influence on the secondary school curriculum in the respect that the various subjects — algebra, geometry, etc. — were defined by committees dominated by the college element, the interest in the present situation grows.
A Mathematical Recreation: Some Angles of the Right Triangle
Authors: Booth Alfred L.
Published: January 2021

In attempting to determine: (1) Can a right triangle be geometrically constructed, having one of its angles exactly one degree? and (2) How near to an isosceles commensurable right triangle can a construction approach? the following methods were pursued.
Applied Mathematics in High Schools. Some Lessons from the War
Authors: Breckenridge William E.
Published: January 2021

The war revealed to us America unprepared in mathematical training as in most other respects. A Colonel in Camp Upton reported as follows: “More men are required at Camp Taylor for the Field Artillery and no more can be found in this Camp who have the required mathematical training.” What was this required training? The circular from Camp Taylor read: “Algebra through quadratics and Plane Geometry. The solution of triangles by Trigonometry is advised, but not required for entrance.” As a matter of fact the essential algebra as revealed by the examinations set included hardly more than the use of formulas and ratio and proportion, while the goemetry was only mensuration. The original intention of the examiners for the Field Artillery School was to require all candidates to be graduates of high schools, but it was soon evident that this standard could not be maintained and an adequate supply of men secured. For the school at Fort Monroe, where men were trained for the Heavy or Coast Artillery, the requirement in mathematics was considerably more, including Plane Trigonometry.
Mathematics for the Physiologist and Physician
Authors: Williams H. B.
Published: January 2021

It seems to have been very generally assumed that a student intending to enter upon the study of medicine needs little if any preparation in mathematics beyond arithmetic and perhaps a little algebra and geometry. I am informed that students in Columbia College intending to enter the College of Physicians and Surgeons, have been definitely advised by a member of the medical faculty that they would have little if any need for mathematical training and that they would better spend their time in preparation along other lines of study. The physician who gave this advice has been very successful in the practice of medicine and is well known as an educator. I have heard similar views expressed by another well-known and successful New York physician. I presume that the views of these eminent medical men are fairly representative of the opinion of the majority of the medical profession today and inasmuch as the student who contemplates a career in medicine naturally — and very properly —seeks the advice of older men in the profession, it is not surprising that these students come to their professional studies with a mathematical training which is meager in the extreme. This attitude of indifference, sometimes approaching hostility toward the teaching of mathematics to prospective medical students, seems to have sprung in part from the circumstance that many of the shining lights in the medical profession have attained their position in the firmament without having felt the need of more powerful mathematical aids than the average high-school courses afford. We are still hardly beyond the period when similar arguments were supposed to prove that a college education is a superfluous ornament for men who expect to spend their lives in what for want of a more specific term is usually called “business.” I believe I shall be able to show that although a large measure of usefulness may be attained in the field of medicine by the non-mathematically trained physician, nevertheless the inclusion of such training in his preparation for life will enable him to extend his efforts into a wider field of useful endeavor.
La Disme of Simon Stevin—The First Book on Decimals
Authors: Sanford Vera
Published: January 2021

The history of the decimal fraction has two distinct sections: the evolution of the idea of decimals, and the evolution of a convenient symbolism. The idea might, indeed, be traced to the very beginning of the place-value of the Arabic notation. The symbolism has not been standardized today, as witness the English 3.14, the French 3,14 and our 3.14. Yet, strangely enough, the theory of operations with decimals appeared in complete form in the first work devoted wholly to the subject. La Disme (1585) by Simon Stevin of Bruges.
The Next Step in Content in Junior High School, Mathematics
Authors: Smith David Eugene
Published: January 2021

The next step relating to subject matter of the Junior High School is really the first step—for we can hardly be said to have taken that as yet.
How Can I Bring the Soul of Mathematics to My Pupils
Authors: Huntington Albert H.
Published: January 2021

To adequately discuss the subject, it seems necessary to define what one means by “the soul of mathematics,” or at least to phrase it in another way more definitely suggestive. “Soul” means much to some and little to others of us. Among other definitions, Webster says that “the soul” is “the seat of real life, vitality, or action; the animating or essential part.” I believe that this is what we wish to discuss with regard to the teaching of mathematics, so that we may phrase our subject, “How can I bring to my pupils the real vital part of mathematics, the animating, energizing part, the part that has made men devote their whole lives to its study and to wish that they had the more life to live?” The question is one that each one of us needs to answer carefully, thoughtfully, because we will all admit that there is a vast difference between the effects we wish to produce in our pupils and those we do produce.
Defects Remaining in the Notation and Nomenclature of Elementary Mathematics
Authors: Collins Joseph V.
Published: January 2021

A source of difficulty and confusion in learning algebra and geometry is found in their terms and symbols. Most terms are Latin words and some symbols are hieroglyphic like. It will be seen that a considerable number of the suggestions of the Committee on Terms and Symbols amount to replacing foreign phraseology by English. The work of the Committee whose report has been recently printed is worthy of all praise. Practically every proposal will commend itself to the thoughtful teacher.
News and Notes
Authors: Davis Alfred
Published: January 2021

The Association of Teachers of Mathematics in New England held the mid-Winter meeting at Hartford Public High School, Hartford, Connecticut, Saturday, March 10, 1923. The program included: (1) Live Problem Material for Algebra, by Dwight S. Davis, Athol High School; (2) Practical Teaching in Mathematics, by Professor Joshua I. Tracey, Yale University; (3) College Board Mathematics Examinations from Makers to Readers, by Harry B. Marsh, Technical High School, Spring-field; (4) Varieties of Space, by Professor Emily N. Martin, Moiuit Holyoke College; (5) Maps, by Professor William R. Ransom, Tufts College.
Live Problem Material in Algebra
Authors: Davis Dwight S.
Published: January 2021

Verbal problems in algebra have been, and, one might venture to say, still are the object of much destructive criticism from both students and teachers. By some inexperienced instructors, verbal problems are sometimes omitted from the outline of study. Other instructors often place undue emphasis upon problems and continue to drill on problems until the nerves of the parties of the first and second parts are exhausted. The teacher with a well balanced outline of work will use live verbal problems in driving home the principles of algebra. Verbal problems, then, should be a means to an end, not an end in themselves. They should assist in causing mathematics to function in solving real life situations.
Mathematics as Used by the Actuary
Authors: Laird John M.
Published: January 2021

Each well established life insurance company has at least one officer known as the Actuary and usually one or more with the title of Assistant Actuary. Under these officers are a number of men who are engaged in actuarial work and who hope eventually to receive official recognition. Most of these men are college graduates with special training in mathematics and with a real liking for mathematical problems.
Mathematic Club Programs
Authors: Gulden Minerva , Symmes Rebecca , Russel Helen G. , Derby Mary , Duncan Myrtle H.
Published: January 2021

In arranging programs for mathematics clubs the writers have endeavored to keep in mind the essential feature of all successful club programs—variety. The programs are designed to take up from thirty to forty-five minutes. We have suggested programs typical of the two distinct types of meetings (1) the recreational and the indirectly educational (2) the directly educational. With two of these programs we have gone into some detail, with others we have given sources of material and with the remainder we have merely listed topics that have proved satisfactory.
Report of the Seventy-Ninth Meeting of The American Association for the Advancement of Science
Authors: Mirick G. R.
Published: January 2021

The seventy-ninth meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science was held at Washington, from Monday, December 29, 1924, to January 3, 1925. Events of mathematical significance will be described briefly.
Teaching Mathematics to Girls
Authors: Shaw James Byrnie
Published: January 2021

No doubt the title of this paper suggests a question at once to the mind of the reader: Why girls? It is, however, easy to discover that among the girls who enter freshman classes there is a rather widespread idea that Mathematics is a very difficult subject, and that one should take as little as possible and meet the requirements for graduation. Owing to early inadequate teaching, and to lack of understanding the meaning of the elementary parts of mathematics, a large part of the entering class in any university or college, will come in with a dread of the subject, and sometimes a loathing for it, which will interfere seriously with success in passing a freshman course; and, what is of more serious import, will pass on to succeeding generations the idea that it is a branch of the curriculum of little interest, and to be learned only with an extraordinary amount of work and worry. To those of us who know the fascination of this field of human thought, this should be a matter of keen regret, but we must assume the blame ourselves.
The Oldest Algorism in the French Language
Authors: Houghtaling Anna Elizabeth , Clarke Frances Marguerite
Published: January 2021

The oldest French Algorism1 known to be extant is in the Bibliothéque Sainte Genevieve, Paris. There is in the Bibli-othéque Nationale another manuscript of a very similar nature but of a later date. Both are of unknown authorship and both are of the thirteenth century.2
Classroom Methods in Teaching Algebra
Authors: Nyberg Joseph A.
Published: January 2021

The object this afternoon is to acquaint you with some of the classroom conditions and methods in a large public high school, and to show how the size of the classes and the fact that it is public rather than a private school influences our classroom methods.
Mathematics for Training and Culture
Authors: Metzler W. H.
Published: January 2021

To start a reform requires sufficient energy to overcome the inertia of long habit and custom and to get out of the ruts it is often thought necessary to pull with so much force that the wheels are far beyond the level track before the energy is expended or the fact realized.
The National Geometry Syllabus Committee
Authors: Smith Eugene R.
Published: January 2021

At the 1908 summer meeting of the National Educational Association the Mathematics Section authorized the appointment of a National Geometry Syllabus Committee, with Dr. H. E. Slaught as chairman. Lack of permanence of organization, and therefore of right to appropriate money, on the part of the section temporarily stopped the work, although Dr. Slaught continued to canvass the country for representative men to form the committee.
Some of Euclid's Algebra
Authors: Evans George W.
Published: January 2021

If Euclid had called his Elements the “Elements of Geometry,” that name would have been a misfit, for it was geometry only to a minor extent. It included the elements of all the mathematical knowledge of his time, as well as of much in times far distant. Many things had been separately known, the achievements of different wise individuals following paths apparently diverging. He was able to see the unity in these scattered treasures, and had the skill to frame a system embodying that unity. He found it in number.
Isotomic Points of the Triangle
Authors: Morris Richard
Published: January 2021

In A Sequel to Euclid, fourth edition, page 168, Dr. John Casey defines Isotomic lines and points.
Greetings from the New England Association of Teachers of Mathematics
Authors: Vosburgh W. L.
Published: January 2021

In extending greetings to the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics from the Association of Teachers of Mathematics in New England, it seems fitting and proper to mention a few facts regarding the origin and development of the Association which, as its president, I represent and which Association is about to celebrate its 25th Anniversary.
Graphs as a Part of Coperative Mathematics
Authors: Durell Fletcher
Published: January 2021

Symbols may be grouped in two main classes. Described in mathematical terms these classes or groups are (1) geometric, (2) algebraic.
The Cultural Value of Mathematics
Authors: Kempner Aubrey J.
Published: January 2021

A famous English mathematician and philosopher has defined mathematics as a science in which “we never know what we are talking about, nor whether what we say is true or false.”- In all seriousness, there is some truth in this definition, but one may also maintain that it contains some exaggeration.
A Study of Pupil Reactions
Authors: McWilliams Lulu E.
Published: January 2021

So much has been written on the number and the types of questions which teachers ask or should ask, that one is in danger of considering only lhe technique involved and of forgetting the fundamental objective of questioning as a form of teaching. The stimulation of real thought should be a definite aim. Such stimulation is indicated by thought contributions from the pupils' individual experiences and by questions of the thought provoking kind. For if children are thinking, really trying to solve the problem at issue, they will have questions of their own. Monroe says, "the frequency and logical significance of the questions asked by the pupils supply one of the very best measures of the efficiency of a class conference." An occasional survey of one's teaching from the standpoint of the pupils' reactions, therefore can be of great value to the teacher as a check and guide. moreover, the presence of intellectual interests- which are always to be aroused and developed in effective teaching-is often indicated by the questions and pupil contributions made during the class period.
Prize Problems for Prize Pupils
Authors: Clarke Elbert H.
Published: January 2021

The public schools of our country have been undertaking a tremendous task. With limited means, and with more pupils per teacher in many instances than is really wise, they have boldly set about educating all of the citizens of our democracy. And, considering all handicaps, they are doing remarkably well. For the boys and girls and the young men and women of the masses there has never been such a time of opportunity in all history for intellectual development to the very limits of their abilities.
The Introduction to Demonstrative Geometry
Authors: Taylor E. H.
Published: January 2021

Demonstrative geometry presents to most pupils at once two great difficulties. The pupils are expected to acquire new ideas and to apply to them a method of argument that is formal and strange. They are asked to apply a new tool of thought, the geometric demonstration, to ideas that are highly abstract and often exceedingly vague.
The Value of Examination Papers to the Teacher
Authors: Orleans Joseph B.
Published: January 2021

The Article in the March number of the Mathematics Teacher contained a summary of the correct and the incorrect answers toquestions on tests in algebra and of typical errors found in the papers written by the pupils. This paper contains similar tabulations for geometry.