bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Correlation Between Knee Osteoarthritis Pain and The Ability to Perform Salat
Authors: Aisyah  , Pane Rita Vivera , Ambarasari Utami , Kartini Yanis
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Osteoarthritis (OA) has affected approximately 303 million individuals worldwide, making it the second most rapidly increasing disease behind Rheumatoid Arthritis. OA is the leading cause of lower extremity disability amongst older adults with an estimated lifetime risk for knee OA being approximately 40% in men and 47% in women. Osteoarthritis affects the entire joint which has symptoms that could intense pain and discomfort, making it difficult to carry out typical routine activities. This, of course, will conflict with Muslims who are obligated to perform daily prayers or salat which is an obligatory component of the daily routine of Muslims that is performed in the same way at least five times a day.
Objective: This study aimed to analyze the correlation between knee osteoarthritis pain and the ability to perform salat.
Methods: The method used in this study is an analytic observational method with a random sampling technique which was involved by 57 respondents in total. The data obtained was collected from April to May and showed frequency and percentage. Determination of the correlation between Knee Osteoarthritis and The Ability to perform Salat is done by statistical analysis with chi-square test using the SPSS application.
Results: The asymptotic value obtained was 0.238. The obtained asymptotic value is >0.05.
Conclusions: It can be concluded that there is no significant correlation between knee osteoarthritis pain and the ability to perform salat movements.
Periodontitis as a Risk Factor of Preeclampsia in Pregnancy: A Scoping Review
Authors: Ridho Fiki Muhammad , Algifnita Avina Oktaviani , Pramaztri Naurah Nabilah , Laksono Eko Puji , Allifiah Bella Pardian Nur , Ahmad Mahesa
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy complication characterized by hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation. Although the causes of PE are still unclear, there are factors that play an important role in increasing the incidence of PE, namely periodontitis which has an impact on the systemic spread of pathogens and inflammatory mediators, causing adverse pregnancy outcomes. This scoping review aims to evaluate, identify and provide a deeper understanding of the relationship and possible mechanisms between periodontitis and increased PE in pregnant women. A literature search following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was conducted in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Google Scholar until July 2023. In the end, 14 articles were included for review.
Results: All of the included studies stated that periodontitis mostly affects pregnant women with PE, and periodontitis is believed to play a role in increasing the risk of PE through the mechanism of bacteremia due to periodontal pathogens translocating from the oral cavity to the placenta and through cytokines and inflammatory mediators produced by inflamed periodontal tissue, resulting in disruption of the placenta, further increasing the risk of PE in pregnant women.
Conclusions: In conclusion, there is a significant increase in the incidence of PE in pregnant women who experience periodontitis. Future research to review the mechanisms by which periodontitis increases the risk of PE and to examine whether periodontitis treatment before and during pregnancy can prevent PE may be warranted.
Vasospastic Angina and its Contemporary Review of Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Management
Authors: Laksono Sidhi , Suhandoko Lidya Pertiwi
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Nearly half of patients who present with angina have non-obstructed coronary arteries. Patients with chest pain in the absence of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) remain a challenge. These patients undergoing invasive coronary angiography do not have epicardial coronary disease obstructive enough to explain these symptoms. This condition is potentially serious and can sometimes trigger severe arrhythmia resulting in ventricular fibrillation and sudden death. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are incompletely understood, which has resulted in limited therapeutic options for patients afflicted with this condition. This review article provides a comprehensive summary of the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of VSA and the current therapeutic options. We also appraise the current diagnostic approach in patients with suspected VSA.
Result:
Coronary microvascular tone and subsequently, its blood flow is regulated through various vasodilating and vasoconstricting mechanisms. Coronary endothelial dysfunction and vascular smooth muscle hyperreactivity are proposed mechanism causing coronary artery spams. This may cause transient ST-Elevations, malignant arrhythmias and significant heart blocks. Various non-invasive and invasive exams may identify and differentiate these variant anginas.
Conclusions:
VSA can be diagnosed accurately and safely in the catheter laboratory. The mainstay of management is pharmacological treatment.
Forensic Examination in Infanticide Case
Authors: Putrie Hesa Chikita , Mandasari Safira
Published: August 2024

Introduction: Infanticide is a crime in which a mother kills her baby during or shortly after birth. In 2020, infanticide cases in Indonesia reached 16.85%. Infanticide is mainly carried out through mechanical asphyxia in the form of smothering and strangulation.
Case: The body of an unidentified female newborn baby was found in the Sandubaya area, Mataram City, on Monday, July 10th 2023. The observation was carried out through external and internal examination of the body.
Discussion: There were bruises and peeling skin all over the body. The autopsy showed a haemorrhage all over the lower part of the scalp, severe injury to the neck, and blood seepage on the right chest.
Conclusions: The cause of death was due to severe neck injury resulting in asphyxia
Blood Pressure, Stress Level, and Age with Sleep Quality in Elderly
Authors: Hatmanti Nety Mawarda , Septianingrum Yurike , Martining Wardani Erika , Rusdianingseh  , Sa’diyah Alimatus
Published: August 2024

The ageing process in the elderly will cause several changes in the life cycle, one of which is in terms of sleep needs. Elderly sleep needs include sleep quality and quantity.
The causes of both disorders are not only due to ageing factors but can also be caused by physical illness and psychological conditions of the elderly. Analyzing the relationship of blood pressure, stress level and age with sleep quality in the elderly.
Using descriptive analytics with cross sectional methods. The population was 46 elderly, with simple random sampling technique obtained a sample of 42 elderly.
Independent variables are blood pressure, stress level and age. The dependent variable is sleep quality. Blood pressure was associated with sleep quality (ρ =0.003), stress level was associated with sleep quality (ρ =0.008) and there was no association between age and sleep quality (ρ =0.936). The elderly need attention and support from people around them to carry out management in controlling blood pressure, stress levels and fulfillment of daily needs.
Spiritual Therapy: Dzikir and Worship on Patient’s Ability to Control Violent Behavior in Mental Hospital
Authors: Retno Retno Twistiandayani , Hadi Prayoga Dimas , Nora Ervina Icha
Published: August 2024

Violent behavior is when someone engages in actions that can cause physical harm to themselves, others, or the environment. This research aims to analyze the effect of spiritual therapy prayer, dzikir, on patients' ability to control violent behavior. The research design employed a Pre-Experiment approach with a Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The target population included all Muslim patients with a history of violent behavior who were physically healthy and cooperative in the Gelatik Room at Menur Mental Hospital, Surabaya, totaling 27 people. A probability sampling technique, specifically simple random sampling, was used for the sampling method. The independent variable was spiritual therapy prayer and worship, while the dependent variable was the patient's ability to control violent behavior. The instrument used is the Standard Operational Procedure (SOP), and data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Rank Test statistical test. The results of the Wilcoxon Rank Test in the treatment group (p = 0.005, α < 0.05) indicate an influence of spiritual therapy dzikir and worship—on the patient's ability to control violent behavior. Post-intervention, the different tests revealed a significant difference in the ability to control violent behavior between the intervention and control groups (p = 0.005). The provision of spiritual therapy demonstrated an increase in the average score of patients' ability to control violent behavior. This is attributed to the influence of spiritual beliefs on health and behavior in patient care, fostering increased confidence and a sense of closeness to Allah SWT.
Self-Efficacy with Anxiety Levels of Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Hospital Care Settings
Authors: Afandi Alfid Tri , Putri Prestasianita , Darmawan Taufan Citra , Wijaya Cipta Perdana
Published: August 2024

Clients with diabetes mellitus often experience anxiety in taking medication. This can
interfere with the treatment process, reducing the mechanism of the treatment being
carried out. This study aims to analyze the relationship between client self-efficacy and
anxiety levels when taking treatment at the hospital. This study uses a quantitative
design with a cross-sectional approach. The sample in this study consisted of 133
respondents, and the sampling technique used was consecutive sampling. Data
collection used the DMSES (Diabetes et al.) and HADS (Hospital Anxiety and
Depression Scale) questionnaires. The results showed that the p-value = 0.001 and r = -
0.693. This indicates that there is a relationship between self-efficacy and the level of
anxiety of patients with diabetes mellitus and has a negative correlation; namely, the
higher the self-efficacy, the lower the anxiety level of the respondents. It is hoped that
these results can serve as a record for both patients and health workers so that they pay
more attention to each other's health and so that health workers, especially nurses, are
expected to be able to assess the level of anxiety experienced by patients with Diabetes
Mellitus.
Assessment and Management of Dehydration in Children Based on Digital: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wea Lidwina Dewiyanti , Dewi Yulis Setiya , Efendi Ferry
Published: August 2024

Dehydration remains a critical issue in children and can pose a risk of mortality. Nurses play a crucial role in promptly and accurately preventing dehydration, beginning with the recognition of its causes and symptoms in patients. A thorough assessment by nurses is key to ensuring proper and timely treatment of dehydrated patients, especially in high-activity emergency units. The integration of technology into emergency units is essential for enhancing patient services and decision-making processes. This study aims to conduct a systematic review by analyzing the use of mobile phone applications in assessing signs of dehydration and possible management in hospital services. Four databases (Scopus, Science Direct, and Pubmed) were used in this study using the keywords assessment, smartphone, and dehydration management. Access to the quality of this study using a cross-sectional design from Joanna Briggs Institute. Use the PRISMA flowchart to summarize the study selection. Limit for the last eight years, namely 2017 – 2022. The results of this study met the inclusion criteria, including patients with dehydration caused by gastroenteritis problems and pediatric or pediatric patients. inclusion and exclusion criteria applied to the PICOS framework.
The result of eleven studies in the article found that a digital-based dehydration management approach is very beneficial for the effectiveness of services and initial assessment of the patient's clinical condition. The integrity of digital technology in healthcare has revolutionized many aspects of healthcare management and delivery. By implementing digital solutions such as dehydration management documents, health workers can improve their ability to prevent and treat dehydration.
An Analysis of the Effect of Team Situation Awareness on Patient Safety Incidents using Teamwork as the Intervening Variable
Authors: Paramita Ristiya Galih , Wijaya Terivenna , Chalidyanto Djazuly , Asih Akas Yekti Pulih
Published: August 2024

The definition of Patient Safety Incidents (PSIs) refers to specific occurrences that unintentionally happen and result in, or potentially lead to, injuries in patients if not prevented. PSIs require special attention, especially in healthcare settings. According to the report collected by the Hospital Patient Safety Committee of the Surabaya Orthopedic and Traumatology Hospital from 2018 to 2021, there were 177 patient safety incidents recorded. This study aims to analyze the effect of Team Situation Awareness (TSA) on Patient Safety Incidents through Teamwork at Surabaya Orthopedic and Traumatology Hospital. The variables identified for analysis are Team Situation Awareness (TSA) and Teamwork. Because this study was conducted over a specific time period, it follows a cross-sectional design and is an analytical observational study. Path analysis was employed to analyze the data. The measurement revealed that TSA resulted in 64.3% of work units being categorized at level 2 (comprehension), and for Teamwork, 64.3% of the works units were categorized as “Good”. The results of the Path Analysis using SmartPLS 4.0 showed the effect of TSA was significant with a p-value of <0.05, and TSA’s effect on Teamwork was also significant with a p-value of <0.05. Based on the path analysis (SEM-PLS), it was found that TSA indirectly affected PSIs through Teamwork, with a significant indirect effect having a p-value <0.05. Team Situation Awareness indirectly influenced PSIs through Teamwork.  One approach to reducing the frequency of PSIs is to improve Team Situation Awareness (TSA) within each work unit at Surabaya Orthopedic and Traumatologic Hospital.
 
Keywords: Patient Safety Incidents, PSIs, team situation awareness, TSA, teamwork
أثر استراتيجية التفكير التصميمي في أداء بعض تشكيلات الهجوم السريع الجماعي بالزيادة العددية بكرة اليد للطلاب
Authors: Lec. Hassanein Sabah Baqir  , Prof. Dr. Samer Youssef Muteab
Published: August 2024

إن التعلم الحركي هو أحد العلوم الهامة والمميزة والقاعدة التي تستند عليها العملية التعليمية في مجال التربية البدنية والرياضية وذلك لأهميته في اكتساب المتعلم كل ما هو متعلق بلعبة كرة اليد وتطويرها وإتقانها بشكل جيد ، وإنّ تعلم اداء بعض تشكيلات الهجوم السريع الجماعي ذات الزيادة العددية تعطي فرصة كبيرة للفريق المهاجم من تحقيق تسجيل الهدف بأسرع وقت وبأقل جهد ، وتتجلى مشكلة البحث في وجود ضعف في أداء بعض تشكيلات الهجوم السريع الجماعي من قبل الطلاب وكذلك صعوبة في تعلمها، لذا ارتأى الباحثان الخوض في هذه المشكلة من خلال استخدام استراتيجية التفكير التصميمي وتأثيرها في تعلم اداء تشكيلات الهجوم السريع الجماعي للطلاب كمحاولة متواضعة لحل هذه المشكلة . وقد هدفت الدراسة الى مجموعة من الأهداف كانت أهمها الاتي: اعداد وحدات تعليمية باستخدام استراتيجية التفكير التصميمي، ومعرفة اثر استراتيجية التفكير التصميمي في تعلم بعض تشكيلات الهجوم السريع الجماعي ذات الزيادة العددية بكرة اليد لدى الطلاب. وقد تم فرض مجموعة من الفرضيات وكانت أهمها الاتي: ان لاستراتيجية التفكير التصميمي اثراً ايجابياً في تطوير أداء تشكيلات الهجوم السريع الجماعي بكرة اليد لدى الطلاب. تم استخدام المنهج التجريبي بتصميم المجموعتين المتكافئتين (التجريبية والضابطة) ذات الاختبار القبلي والبعدي على عينة من طلاب المرحلة الثالثة في كلية التربية البدنية وعلوم الرياضة / جامعة بابل للعام الدراسي 2022-2023 والبالغ عددهم (24 طالب) مقسمين بالتساوي الى مجموعتين. وتم اجراء القياس القبلي والتجربة الرئيسة وبعدها القياس البعدي وجمع البيانات وتحليلها باستخدام مجموعة من الوسائل الإحصائية وكانت أهمها: (الوسط الحسابي والانحراف المعياري واختبار (t)
LP-118 is a novel B-cell lymphoma 2 / extra-large inhibitor that demonstrates efficacy in models of venetoclaxresistant chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Authors: Ravikrishnan Janani , Diaz-Rohena Daisy Y. , Muhowski Elizabeth , Mo Xiaokui , Lai Tzung-Huei , Misra Shrilekha , Williams Charmelle D. , Sanchez John , Mitchell Andrew , Satpati Suresh , Perry Elizabeth , Kaufman Tierney , Liu Chaomei , Lozanski Arletta , Lozanski Gerard , Rogers KerryA , Kittai Adam S. , Bhat Seema A. , Collins Mary C. , Davids Matthew S. , Jain Nitin , Wierda William G. , Lapalombella Rosa , Byrd John C. , Tan Fenlai , Chen Yi , Chen Yu , Shen Yue , Anthony Stephen P. , Woyach Jennifer A. , Sampath Deepa
Published: August 2024

Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) respond well to initial treatment with the B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) inhibitor venetoclax. Upon relapse, they often retain sensitivity to BCL2 targeting, but durability of response remains a concern. We hypothesize that targeting both BCL2 and B-cell lymphoma-extra large (BCLXL) will be a successful strategy to treat CLL, including for patients who relapse on venetoclax. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a pre-clinical investigation of LP-118, a highly potent inhibitor of BCL2 with moderate BCLXL inhibition to minimize platelet toxicity. This study demonstrated that LP-118 induces efficient BAK activation, cytochrome C release, and apoptosis in both venetoclax-naïve and -resistant CLL cells. Significantly, LP-118 is effective in cell lines expressing the BCL2 G101V mutation and in cells expressing BCLXL but lacking BCL2 dependence. Using an immunocompetent mouse model, Eμ-TCL1, LP-118 demonstrates low platelet toxicity, which hampered earlier BCLXL inhibitors. Finally, LP-118 in the RS4;11 and OSU-CLL xenograft models results in decreases in tumor burden and survival advantage, respectively. These results provide a mechanistic rationale for the evaluation of LP-118 for the treatment of venetoclax-responsive and -relapsed CLL.
PLBN ARUK DAN PERKEMBANGAN EKONOMI KABUPATEN SAMBAS DALAM PERSPEKTIF GEOEKONOMI
Authors: Sagita Audi Rahma , Hadiwijoyo Suryo Sakti , Hergianasari Putri
Published: August 2024

This paper aims to review the key role of sambas county governments in driving economic growth through the gate of a border post Aruk. This study focuses on geoeconomic theory, integrating geographical factors that affect the region's economic dynamics, particularly those associated with the border post of Aruk. The Research method employs a qualitative approach with data collection through interviews, official government website observations, and document analysis. The research focus includes evaluating the role of the Sambas district government in infrastructure development in the region of the border post in Aruk And other strategic steps to stimulate the growth and economic growth of the Sambas district. The results are expected to provide insight into the extent to which the Sambas County government's role in supporting the region's economic development through the border post of Aruk and how the economic aspects can be used to maximize the economic potential in the region. The implications of these findings are expected to contribute to formulating more effective and sustainable policies to drive economic growth in the region around the border post of Aruk. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran kunci pemerintah Kabupaten Sambas dalam mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah melalui Pintu Gerbang Pos Lintas Batas Negara (PLBN) Aruk. Penelitian ini menitikberatkan pada teori geoekonomi, mengintegrasikan faktor-faktor geografis yang berpengaruh pada dinamika ekonomi daerah, terutama yang terkait dengan keberadaan PLBN Aruk. Metode penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi situs resmi pemerintahan, serta analisis dokumen. Fokus penelitian mencakup evaluasi peran pemerintah Kabupaten Sambas dalam pembangunan infrastruktur di kawasan PLBN Aruk dan langkah-langkah strategis lainnya untuk merangsang pembangunan dan pertumbuhan ekonomi Kabupaten Sambas. Hasil penelitian diharapkan memberikan wawasan mendalam tentang sejauh mana peran pemerintah Kabupaten Sambas dalam mendukung pengembangan ekonomi daerah melalui PLBN Aruk, serta bagaimana aspek geoekonomi dapat dimanfaatkan untuk memaksimalkan potensi ekonomi di wilayah tersebut. Implikasi temuan ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi pada perumusan kebijakan yang lebih efektif dan berkelanjutan untuk mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah di sekitar PLBN Aruk.
Kandungan Serat Limbah Tanaman di Kebun Raya Purwodadi Menurut Metode Analisis Van Soest
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Syauqi Ahmad , Ramadhan Majida
Published: August 2024

Puwodadi Botanical Garden, East Java, has a collection of plants, and their survival produces plant waste from leaves, twigs, stems and roots. If not done, specific processing into one of the organic wastes with lignocellulose fraction content can be utilized, such as crude fibre containing cellulose. The study aims to determine the fibre components contained in plant waste in Purwodadi Botanical Garden. The study used a quantitative descriptive method and consisting three samples taken three times each day. Chemical analysis used the Van Soest method: Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF), Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF), Cellulose and Lignin. The results of the NDF analysis, namely fibre in waste, have an average value of (43.5 + 2.58) %. The ADF content has an average (37.1 + 2.80) % value. While the cellulose content has an average value of (21.6 + 1.36) %, and lignin has an average value of (15.6 + 3.89) %.
Keywords: fiber, plant waste, Van Soest analysis
ABSTRAK
Kebun Raya Puwodadi memiliki koleksi tumbuhan dan kelangsungan hidup mereka menghasilkan limbah tanaman dari daun yang berguguran, ranting, batang dan akar. Jika tidak dilakukan, pengolahan tertentu menjadi salah satu sampah organik dengan kandungan fraksi lignoselulosa dapat dimanfaatkan, seperti serat kasar yang mengandung selulosa. Penelitian bertujuan menentukan komponen seratnya yang terdapat pada limbah serasah tanaman Kebun Raya Purwodadi. Penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif dan sampel triplo yang diambil tiga kali tiap hari. Analisis kimia sampel dengan metode Van Soest yaitu Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF), Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF), Selulosa dan Lignin. Hasil analisis NDF yaitu serat pada limbah memiliki nilai rata-rata sebesar (43, 5 + 2,58)%. Kandungan ADF memiliki nilai rata-rata sebesar (37,1 + 2,80)%. Sedangkan kandungan selulosa memiliki nilai rata-rata (21,6 + 1,36)% dan lignin memiliki nilai rata-rata sebesar (15,6 + 3,89)%.
Kata kunci: analisis Van Soest, limbah lanaman, serat
Filsafat Pengetahuan, Teologia, Mitologi dan Warna Kehidupan Lanjut Usia sebagai Umat Kristianidi HKBP Perumnas II Bekasi Selatan
Authors: Limbong Mesta , Tampubolon Manahan. P. , Siburian Gutser
Published: August 2024

Lanjut usia (Lansia) adalah satu proses normal bagi setiap individu. Lansia juga bukan menjadi beban bagi diri pribadi maupun lingkungan internal/eksternal. Untuk itu, regulasi di Indonesia memberikan informasi bahwa para lansia jumlahnya  semakin meningkat  secara Nasional di Indonesia. Lansia di HKBP Perumnas II Bekasi selatan adalah bagian dari jumlah Lansia di Indonesia. Mereka memiliki aktivitas yang terprogram, namun mereka juga membutuhkan pencerahan dari bidang keilmuan maupun implikasinya sebagai umat kristiani. Tujuan Seminar dan diskusi  dengan topik yang berhubungan dengan Filsafat Pengetahuan, Teologia, Mitologi dan Warna Kehidupan Lanjut Usia Sebagai Umat Kristiani di HKBP Perumnas II Bekasi Selatan” adalah salah satu wujud Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (PkM)  dengan tujuan untuk memberikan perpestif baru bagi para lansia. Jumlah peserta yang hadir sebanyak 46 peserta (73 %) dan 17 lansia tidak hadir (27 %). Dari data ini memberikan informasi lansia yang hadir masih lebih besar jumlahnya dari yang berhalangan/tidak hadir.
Temuan dari hasil PkM:  testimoni para lansia bahwa kegiatan sejenis belum pernah dilakukan sebelumnya, peserta lansia sangat antusias, dan mengharapkan kegiatan lain dapat dilakukan seperti pemeriksaan kesehatan.
Spoken and signed languages hand in hand: parallel and directly comparable corpora of French Belgian Sign Language (lsfb) and French
Authors: Lepeut Alysson , Lombart Clara , Vandenitte Sébastien , Meurant Laurence
Published: August 2024

Linguistics as a discipline only began to consider signed languages as legitimate, fully fledged linguistic systems from the 1960s onwards. However, comparative work on signed and spoken languages made so far has struggled to draw on similar methodologies. In this paper, we seek to fill in this gap by presenting a recently built set of multilingual corpora, allowing scholars to conduct comparative studies on French Belgian Sign Language (lsfb), and its ambient spoken language, Belgian French. This paper outlines the theoretical developments which have led to the creation of these corpora, highlighting two breakthroughs in the understanding of human communicative practices (i.e., the emergence of signed language linguistics and the development of comparative semiotics). We show that combining these recent theoretical insights with the new methodological tools holds potential for future research avenues that could broaden and improve our understanding of language use.
Quantum dark energy in a seven-dimensional universe
Authors: Kesanasetty Sasidhar
Published: August 2024

This paper explains the dark energy and acceleration of the universe by quantizing the space in hidden dimensions, which provides the basis and background for the gravitational force. Space-time is considered to be made of a four-dimensional elastic grid in a seven-dimensional universe in which matter also expands along with the universe. Each cube of the grid is viewed as a quantum of hidden three-dimensional space of Planck volume containing Planck charge, making the universe seven-dimensional. The dark energy is explained by the electrostatic repulsion between Planck charges in each quantum of the hidden space, and the respective energy density is related to the Hubble parameter H(z) to explain the accelerated expansion of the universe and the increase in the relative cosmological potential energy/rest mass of matter. Expansion of space-time is considered not due to the creation of the new space but due to the stretching of the existing space-time itself like an elastic ruler where the proper length and volume remain constant. The relative values of the Planck constant, gravitational constant, permittivity of free space, and Boltzmann constant are shown to vary owing to the expansion or contraction of space in the cosmological, gravitational, and relativistic frameworks but are compensated for by the proportional change in the relative rest mass. This theory also builds a preliminary framework for the relativistic Newtonian theory of gravity, the respective MONDian (Modified Newtonian dynamics) gravity, and explains the dynamics of galaxy clusters without dark matter.
Non trivial zeros of the generalized Zeta function
Authors: OUKIL Walid
Published: August 2024

We define the generalized Riemann Zeta function on the right half plane. We prove, in particular, that for every $\tau\in \mathbb{R}$ there exists at most one point $r\in (0,1)$ such that $|\zeta(r+i\tau) |=0$.
Taha's 2nd Solution of Collatz Sequence
Authors: Muhammad Taha
Published: August 2024

Abstract of Taha's 2nd Solution of Collatz Sequence let Collatz Sequence of (r)=S(r) let Collatz Sequence loop of (r)=lS(r) S(n)={(n/2)=k≤n-1,…,(h) or…},n∈N_even,k,h∈N_+⋯Fact 1 S(n)={(n/2)or (3n+1),…}⇒S(n)⊇S((n/2) or (3n+1) ),n∈N_+⋯Fact 2 ⇒ lS(n)= lS((n/2) or (3n+1) )…Fact 3 Example: S(5)={16,8,4,2,1}⇒ ∴S(5)⊇S(16)⊇S(8)⊇S(4)⊇S(2)⊇ S(1)…Fact 1⇒ lS(5)=lS(16)=lS(8)=lS(4)=lS(2)=lS(1)…Fact 2
Juegos motores para trabajar la prevención de accidentes en Educación Infantil: Aspectos a considerar en el diseño e intervención
Authors: Cifo Izquierdo María Isabel , De Pro Chereguini Carlos
Published: August 2024

El objetivo de esta experiencia se basó en conocer los efectos en el desarrollo motor y cognitivo del alumnado de Educación Infantil al participar en juegos motores semidirigidos para resolver situaciones de prevención de accidentes en el hogar, en función de la dificultad para alcanzar el objetivo motor y los procesos cognitivos que se activan. El diseño, puesta en práctica y evaluación de la propuesta de intervención se desarrolló con un total de 32 niños y niñas de cuatro años. La evaluación sobre la puesta en práctica de los juegos motores se centró tanto en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje como en el aprendizaje del alumnado, así como en la intervención docente de forma sistemática y rigurosa, mediante un registro anecdótico. Los juegos motores con activación cognitiva favorecieron el aprendizaje integral y globalizado. Como conclusión, el docente de Educación Infantil debe considerar cuatro aspectos clave en el diseño de juegos motores para lograr un desarrollo motor y cognitivo óptimo: 1) la relación entre el objetivo motor y el procesamiento de la información; 2) las decisiones y ajustes motores requeridos; 3) la carga o implicación cognitiva durante el juego motor; y 4) la información inicial y durante aportada.
Risk factors of metatarsal stress fracture associated with repetitive sports activities: a systematic review
Authors: Sun Jiayi , Feng Chenglong , Liu Yaming , Shan Mianjia , Wang Zilin , Fu Weijie , Niu Wenxin
Published: August 2024

Background

Metatarsal stress fracture is common in people engaged in repetitive weight-bearing activities, especially athletes and recruits. Identifying risk factors in these contexts is crucial for effective prevention.

Methods

A systematic search on Web of Science, PubMed, EBSCO, SPORTDiscus, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library was conducted and the date range for the retrieval was set from January 1984 to April 2024.

Results

32 eligible studies were selected from 1,728 related research. Anatomical and biomechanical factors, such as higher foot arch, abnormal inversion/eversion of foot, and longer metatarsal length or larger angles, relatively influence stress fracture risk. However, given that there is no standardized measurement, the results remain to be examined. Soccer is associated with fifth metatarsal fractures, while long-distance running and recruit training often lead to fractures of the second or third metatarsals. High exercise intensity, non-adaptive training, and inadequate equipment heighten fracture risk.

Conclusion

This review highlights the complex interplay of anatomical, biomechanical, and sports-related factors in the risk of metatarsal stress fractures. Relatively, high arches, specific metatarsal morphologies, and foot inversion/eversion patterns are significant risk factors, particularly among athletes. Sports type also correlates with metatarsal stress fracture locations. Despite extensive research, study heterogeneity and inherent biases necessitate cautious interpretation. Comprehensive, multifactorial approaches and personalized injury prevention strategies are essential for reducing the incidence of these injuries and improving the health and performance of athletes.
A framework for computer vision for virtual-realistic multi-axial real-time hybrid simulation
Authors: Saeger W. , Miranda P. , Toledo G. , Silva C. E. , Ozdagli A. , Moreu F.
Published: August 2024

Real-time hybrid simulation has gained popularity over the last 20 years as a viable and cost-effective method of testing dynamic systems that cannot be tested using traditional methods. The emergence of multi-axial Real-time Hybrid Simulation (maRTHS) has led to an increase in the allowable fidelity of the numerical and experimental substructures. The testing community can now replicate multiple-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) responses of both substructures and thus can perform more representative tests. However, with this increased fidelity of the substructures comes an increased complexity of controlling these components. Specifically, multi-axial hydraulic actuator assemblages require nonlinear coordinate transformations to derive plant displacements as the force transducers on the actuators are not capable of performing this task directly. Recently, benchmark problems have been provided to the RTHS community in the form of virtual simulations. Virtual simulation refers to a fully virtual testing methodology where numerical and physical components are represented virtually. This approach enables the RTHS community to evaluate various control algorithms without the need to recreate physical components. This project aims to demonstrate the capability of computer vision-based displacement tracking in a realistic virtual simulation of the experimental substructure in avoiding excess nonlinear coordinate transforms. The tracking algorithm utilizing the Lucas-Kanade optical flow method is tested in the virtual simulation environment which is set up using real-time 3D creation engine, Unreal Engine 4 (UE4), and computer graphics software, Blender. This environment interfaces with MATLAB/Simulink, more specifically “Simulation Tool for v-maRTHS benchmark” developed for multi-axial tests. The result of this study establishes a novel framework for applying computer vision-based tracking algorithms and sensing in v-maRTHS simulations using simulated cameras within virtual simulation environments. A computer vision displacement tracking algorithm is developed and optimized to work in tandem with a MIMO PI controller to reduce tracking time delays within 31.25 milliseconds while tracking the nodal displacement and rotation of the frame within a normalized RMSE of 1.24 and 1.10 respectively.
Gram-scale photosynthesis of polyfunctionalized dihydro-2-oxypyrroles using 3DPAFIPN as a halogenated dicyanobenzene-based photosensitizer via a consecutive visible-light-induced electron transfer process
Authors: Mohamadpour Farzaneh , Amani Ali Mohammad
Published: August 2024

Background

Typically, organic dyes show lower excited state lifetimes, a key hindrance in the development of efficient photoredox processes. Due to their distinctive qualities and efficiency, a particular class of organic chromophores has drawn considerable interest from the scientific community. Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), is only seen in molecules with a minimal energy gap (usually less than 0.2 eV) between their lowest two excited states, i.e., singlet excited state (S1) and triplet excited state (T1), is a distinctive property of the molecules under study. Isophthalonitriles are a promising family of chromophores for use as organic photocatalysts because of the ease with which their redox potentials may be adjusted and the prolonged singlet excited states resulting from TADF.

Methods

A sustainable process for the photosynthesis of polyfunctionalized dihydro-2-oxypyrroles has been developed using the Michael-Mannich cyclocondensation of amines, dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates, and formaldehyde. The development of a green radical synthesis strategy for this family of chemicals is discussed in detail in the current work. This work used a novel halogenated dicyanobenzene-based photosensitizer was used as a photocatalyst. It was dissolved in ethanol, exposed to air at ambient temperature, and triggered by a blue light-emitting diode as a renewable energy source. This project’s main goal is to use a novel conveniently accessible, reasonably priced donor-acceptor (D-A) based on halogenated cyanoarene.

Findings

When exposed to visible light, the 3DPAFIPN [2,4,6-tris(diphenylamino)-5-fluoroisophthalonitrile] photocatalyst, which is a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), can induce single-electron transfer (SET), providing a simple and green method that is highly effective, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly. Also, we calculated the turnover number (TON) and turnover frequency (TOF) for polyfunctionalized dihydro-2-oxypyrroles. Gram-scale cyclization has also been shown to be a practical technique for use in industrial applications.
Alternative access in transcatheter aortic valve replacement—an updated focused review
Authors: Abdelnour Mark W. , Patel Vishal , Patel Pranav M. , Kasel A. M. , Frangieh Antonio H.
Published: August 2024

Aortic Stenosis (AS) is a common condition with an estimated pooled prevalence of all AS in the elderly population at around 12.4%, with that of severe AS estimated to be around 3.4%. In the past, surgical aortic valve replacement was the primary treatment option for severe AS for decades. However, with the compelling evidence on the safety and efficacy of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), it has become the gold standard treatment option for many patients with symptomatic severe AS. Transfemoral access has been the preferred method for transcatheter heart valve delivery. However, the prevalent use of TAVR on a diverse patient profile with different risk factors, such as peripheral artery disease, precluded the possibility of a transfemoral approach despite the improvement of valves and delivery systems technology. Therefore, alternative TAVR approaches have gained increasing utility in cases where transfemoral access is unfavorable. We review the journey, evolution, and techniques for different approaches of percutaneous TAVR, including transfemoral, transcarotid, transsubclavian/transaxillary, and transcaval approaches, in addition to the traditional “surgical” transaortic and transapical accesses. Consolidating these data highlights each approach's practicality and limitations, providing additional grounding for case-by-case utilization and future clinical research.
From serum metabolites to the gut: revealing metabolic clues to susceptibility to subtypes of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis
Authors: Li Fan , Wang Zhaodi , Tang Tongyu , Zhao Qi , Wang Zhi , Han Xiaoping , Xu Zifeng , Chang Yu , Li Hongyan , Hu Sileng , Yu Chanjiao , Chang Shiyu , Liu Yue , Li Yuqin
Published: August 2024

Background and aims

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a common chronic inflammatory bowel disease characterized by diarrhea and abdominal pain. Recently human metabolites have been found to help explain the underlying biological mechanisms of diseases of the intestinal system, so we aimed to assess the causal relationship between human blood metabolites and susceptibility to IBD subtypes.

Methods

We selected a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 275 metabolites as the exposure factor, and the GWAS dataset of 10 IBD subtypes as the outcome, followed by univariate and multivariate analyses using a two-sample Mendelian randomization study (MR) to study the causal relationship between exposure and outcome, respectively. A series of sensitivity analyses were also performed to ensure the robustness of the results.

Results

A total of 107 metabolites were found to be causally associated on univariate analysis after correcting for false discovery rate (FDR), and a total of 9 metabolites were found to be significantly causally associated on subsequent multivariate and sensitivity analyses. In addition we found causal associations between 7 metabolite pathways and 6 IBD subtypes.

Conclusion

Our study confirms that blood metabolites and certain metabolic pathways are causally associated with the development of IBD subtypes and their parenteral manifestations. The exploration of the mechanisms of novel blood metabolites on IBD may provide new therapeutic ideas for IBD patients.
Causal association of type 2 diabetes with central retinal artery occlusion: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Liu Tong , Lu Qingli , Liu Zhongzhong , Lin Xuemei , Peng Linna , Lu Xiping , Guo Weiyan , Liu Pei , Zhang Na , Wu Songdi
Published: August 2024

Background

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a medical condition characterized by sudden blockage of the central retinal artery, which leads to a significant and often irreversible loss of vision. Observational studies have indicated that diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for CRAO; however, there is no research on the causal relationship between diabetes mellitus, particularly type 2 diabetes, and CRAO. This study aimed to perform Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to clarify the causal relationship between type 2 diabetes and CRAO.

Methods

Genetic variants associated with type 2 diabetes were selected from two different datasets. A recent genome-wide association study of CRAO conducted using the FinnGen database was used as the outcome data. A two-sample MR was performed to evaluate the causal relationship between type 2 diabetes and CRAO. Inverse variance weighting was the primary method, and MR-Egger, maximum likelihood, and median weighting were used as complementary methods. A multivariate MR (MVMR) analysis was performed to further evaluate the robustness of the results. Cochran’s Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, and MR-PRESSO global test were used for the sensitivity analyses.

Results

Genetically predicted type 2 diabetes was causally associated with CRAO(odds ratio [OR] =2.108, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.221–3.638, P=7.423×10-3), which was consistent with the results from the validation dataset (OR=1.398, 95%CI: 1.015–1.925, P=0.040). The MVMR analysis suggested that type 2 diabetes may be an independent risk factor for CRAO (adjusted OR=1.696; 95%CI=1.150–2.500; P=7.655×10-3), which was assumed by the validation dataset (adjusted OR=1.356; 95%CI=1.015–1.812; P=0.039).

Conclusion

Our results show that genetically predicted type 2 diabetes may be causally associated with CRAO in European populations. This suggests that preventing and controlling type 2 diabetes may reduce the risk of CRAO.
46,XX males with congenital adrenal hyperplasia: a clinical and biochemical description
Authors: Adriaansen Bas P. H. , Utari Agustini , Westra Dineke , Juniarto Achmad Zulfa , Ariani Mahayu Dewi , Ediati Annastasia , Schröder Mariska A. M. , Span Paul N. , Sweep Fred C. G. J. , Drop Stenvert L. S. , Faradz Sultana M. H. , van Herwaarden Antonius E. , Claahsen – van der Grinten Hedi L.
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency (21OHD) or 11-hydroxylase deficiency (11OHD) is characterized by underproduction of cortisol and overproduction of adrenal androgens. These androgens lead to a variable degree of virilization of the female external genitalia in 46,XX individuals. Especially in developing countries, diagnosis is often delayed and 46,XX patients might be assigned as males. This study aims to describe the clinical and biochemical characteristics of a unique cohort of untreated male-reared 46,XX classic CAH patients from Indonesia and discusses treatment challenges.

Methods

Nine untreated classic CAH patients with 46,XX genotype and 21OHD (n=6) or 11OHD (n=3), aged 3-46 years old, were included. Biometrical parameters, clinical characteristics, and biochemical measurements including glucocorticoids, renin, androgens, and the pituitary-gonadal axis were evaluated.

Results

All patients had low early morning serum cortisol concentrations (median 89 nmol/L) without significant increase after ACTH stimulation. Three patients with salt wasting 21OHD reported one or more periods with seizures and/or vomiting in their past until the age of 6, but not thereafter. The remaining patients reported no severe illness or hospitalization episodes, despite their decreased capacity to produce cortisol. In the 21OHD patients, plasma renin levels were elevated compared to the reference range, and in 11OHD patients renin levels were in the low-normal range. All adult patients had serum testosterone concentrations within the normal male reference range. In 21OHD patients, serum 11-oxygenated androgens comprised 41-60% of the total serum androgen concentrations. Glucocorticoid treatment was offered to all patients, but they refused after counseling as this would reduce their endogenous androgen production and they did not report complaints of their low cortisol levels.

Discussion

We describe a unique cohort of untreated classic 46,XX male CAH patients without overt clinical signs of cortisol deficiency despite their cortisol underproduction and incapacity to increase cortisol levels after ACTH stimulation. The described adolescent and adult patients produce androgen levels within or above the normal male reference range. Glucocorticoid treatment will lower these adrenal androgen concentrations. Therefore, in 46,XX CAH patients reared as males an individual treatment approach with careful counseling and clear instructions is needed.
Causal relationship between gut microbiota and thyroid nodules: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Yan Shaoshuai , He Jiawei , Yu Xudong , Shang Jianwei , Zhang Yaosheng , Bai Han , Zhu Xingyu , Xie Xiaoming , Lee Leanne
Published: August 2024

Objective

Emerging evidence suggests alterations in gut microbiota (GM) composition following thyroid nodules (TNs) development, yet the causal relationship remains unclear. Utilizing Mendelian Randomization (MR), this study aims to elucidate the causal dynamics between GM and TNs.

Methods

Employing summary statistics from the MiBioGen consortium (n=18,340) and FinnGen consortium (1,634 TNs cases, 263,704 controls), we conducted univariable and multivariable MR analyses to explore the GM-TNs association. Techniques including inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger regression, weighted median, and MR-PRESSO were utilized for causal inference. Instrumental variable heterogeneity was assessed through Cochran’s Q statistic and leave-one-out analysis. Reverse MR was applied for taxa showing significant forward MR associations, with multivariate adjustments for confounders.

Results

Our findings suggest that certain microbiota, identified as Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group (OR, 1.89; 95%CI, 0.47-7.64; p = 0.040), Senegalimassilia (OR, 1.72; 95%CI, 1.03-2.87; p =0.037), Lachnospiraceae (OR,0.64; 95%CI,0.41-0.99; p =0.045), exhibit a protective influence against TNs’ development, indicated by negative causal associations. In contrast, microbiota categorized as Desulfovibrionales (OR, 0.63; 95%CI, 0.41-0.95; p =0.028), Prevotella_7 (OR, 0.79; 95%CI, 0.63-1.00; p =0.049), Faecalibacterium (OR, 0.66; 95%CI, 0.44-1.00; p =0.050), Desulfovibrionaceae (OR, 0.55; 95%CI, 0.35-0.86; p =0.008), Deltaproteobacteria (OR, 0.65; 95%CI, 0.43-0.97; p =0.036) are have a positive correlation with with TNs, suggesting they may serve as risk factors. Reverse MR analyses did not establish significant causal links. After comprehensive adjustment for confounders, taxa Desulfovibrionales (Order), Desulfovibrionaceae (Family), Deltaproteobacteria (Class) remain implicated as potential contributors to TNs’ risk.

Discussion

This study substantiates a significant causal link between GM composition and TNs development, underscoring the thyroid-gut axis’s relevance. The findings advocate for the integration of GM profiles in TNs’ prevention and management, offering a foundation for future research in this domain.