bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
RNA-Seq Reveals Differentially Expressed Genes and Pathways Affecting Intramuscular Fat Metabolism in Huangshan Black Chicken Population
Authors: Yang S. H. , He C. S. , Li C. H. , Liu G. Q.
Published: February 2020

Intramuscular fat (IMF) plays an important role in meat quality due to its positive correlation with juiciness, tenderness, and flavor. However, for chickens, the molecular mechanisms underlying IMF deposition in thigh muscle have not yet been determined. Here, to identify candidate genes and signaling pathways related to IMF deposition, we deeply explored the chicken transcriptome from thigh muscles of Huangshan Black Chickens with extremely high and low phenotypic values for intramuscular fat content. A total of 128 genes differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected, of which 94 were up-regulated and 34 were down-regulated. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways revealed these DEGs (including FABP4, G0S2, PLIN1, SCD1, LFABP, SLC1A6, SLC45A3, ACSBG1, LY86, ST8SIA5, SNAI2, HPGD, EDN2, and THRSP) were significantly enriched in lipid biosynthetic process, steroid biosynthetic and metabolic process, fatty acid metabolic process, and regulation of unsaturated fatty acid metabolic pathways. Additionally, we concluded an interaction network related to lipid metabolism, which might be contributed to the IMF deposition in chicken. Overall, we proposed some new candidate genes and interaction networks that can be associated with IMF deposition and used as biomarkers in meat quality improvement.
Impact of ICT Based Extension Services on Dairy Production and Household Welfare: The Case of iCow Service in Kenya
Authors: Marwa Mwita Erick , Mburu John , Oburu Rao Elizaphan James , Mwai Okeyo , Kahumbu Susan
Published: February 2020

Smallholder dairy farmers have the challenges of accessing timely and reliable agricultural information, and this limits them from realizing maximum farm output. The use of information and communication technologies (ICT) as a farming extension tool by smallholder farmers has the potential to reverse the scenario and improve farmers’ outputs and incomes leading to increased welfare. This study employed the Propensity score Matching approach to evaluate the impacts of ICT-based extension services, in this case, iCow services on milk production, milk income, and household income using cross-sectional data from a survey of dairy farmers in Uasin Gishu, Nyandarua and Bomet counties of Kenya. The use of ICT-based iCow services is shown to increase Annual milk production per cow, milk income, and household income by 13%, 29%, and 22%, respectively. Partnerships between network providers and research institutes should be encouraged as part of bridging the extension gap occasioned by reduced public expenditure on extension services.
Economic Analysis of Smallholder Maize Producers: Empirical Evidence From Helmand, Afghanistan
Authors: Elham Hamidullah , Zhou Jiajun , Diallo Mouhamadou Foula , Ahmad Shakeel , Zhou De
Published: February 2020

Since war started at the end of 2001, the economy was severely devasted in Afghanistan, especially for the agriculture sector. Maize is the third most important cereal crop in Afghanistan, but the productivity of maize has a declining trend which may be caused by low efficiency of maize farmers nowadays. This study examines the production efficiency of maize producers and its important factors with the cross-sectional data form a multi-stage sampling survey of 250 maize producers in Helmand province in 2019. With the adoption of stochastic production frontier (SPF) model and production cost function, the paper gets the estimations of the average technical efficiency (0.737), allocative efficiency (0.65) and economic efficiency (0.568). The inputs, including land, labor, seed, fertilizer and pesticide/weedicides, have significant impacts on maize production and most of the farms exhibit an increasing return to scales. In addition, Tobit regression was applied to identify the influential factors of the production efficiencies for maize producers and the results indicate that education, family size, farm size, farming experience, contact to extension services and access to credit have significantly influence on the efficiency level. Finally, the study suggests that government should take some initiatives, such as extending the agricultural extension service, ensuring supply of high quality seeds and sufficient fertilizer with affordable prices and economical provision of mobile internet facility in remote areas, which will enhance the productivity and efficiency of the farmers and ultimately boost up their economic welfare and livelihood.
Impact of Seed Size on the Seedling Vigour, Dry Matter Yield and Oil Content of Jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.)
Authors: Makinde Aderemi I. , Oyekale Kehinde O. , Daramola David S.
Published: February 2020

Seed size is a trait of the plant that affects seed germination and seedling survival. This study aims to assess the growth response of J. curcas to different seed sizes. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of J. curcas seed sizes on the seedling vigour and seed component. The seeds were fractioned into three sizes visually into: large, medium and small and by 1000 seeds weight (SW). Seedling vigour was assessed by: germination % (G%), seedling length cm (SL), seedling vigour index, SVI, seedling growth rate, SGR, and speed of germination, SOG as well as proportion of cake, shell and oil content (OC) expressed as% of the seed. Results obtained shows that G% and the SOG were not affected by seed sizes but by other factors within the seed. However, seedling vigour expressed as SL, SVI and SGR increased significantly (P ≤ 0.05) with increase in seed sizes. Proportion of cake, shell and oil component of J. curcas seeds increased with increasing seed sizes while 60% of the seed is made up of the cake from where the oil is extracted. Dry matter yield, DMY significantly (P ≤ 0.05) increased with increase in seed size from 6.41 g/plant in large seeds to 2.61 g/plant in small seeds. There is positive and strong significant correlation between, SW and DMY (r = 0.91**), yield increase (r = 0.82**), OC (r = 0.85**), % cake (r = 0.94**). Findings revealed that larger seed had higher potential of producing vigorous plants with eventual high crop yield and higher OC.
Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 12, No. 3
Authors: Brown Anne
Published: February 2020

Reviewer acknowledgements for Journal of Agricultural Science, Vol. 12, No. 3, 2020.
Poultry Farming Practices Affect the Chemical Composition of Poultry Manure and Its C and N Mineralization in a Ferric Acrisol
Authors: Kiba Delwendé Innocent , Zongo Nongma Armel , Traoré Ouakoltio Youssouf Abidine , Louré Mohamed , Barry Harouna , Bassirou Sogo Sanon , Zacharia Gnankambary , Noufou Ouandaogo , Lompo François , Sedogo Michel Papaoba
Published: February 2020

Industrial poultry farming is a booming sector in Africa. This activity generates a significant amount of manure that could be used to improve crop yields on low-productivity soils. We wanted to characterize the variability in the chemical composition of poultry manure and its ability to release mineral nitrogen when applied to soils compared to other organic sources of nutrients such as cattle manure and human feces. We conducted a survey in 79 poultry farms to characterize their practices such as the type of poultry raised, the type of feed and the bedding litter. Poultry manure, cattle manure and human feces samples were collected and analyzed to determine their chemical composition. An incubation study was conducted with all three types of organic resources for 91 days to measure mineral nitrogen release. We found that agricultural practices explain more than 60% of the chemical composition of poultry manure. Wood chips were the most common bedding litter (77% of cases) and about 70% of farms use industrial poultry feed. Broiler manure contains more C and N than laying hens that contain more Ca. Poultry manure releases nitrogen faster than cattle manure when applied to the soil. A combination of broiler chicken manure and laying hen manure could be more beneficial to the crops.
Business Model as an Inducer of Disruptive Innovations: The Case of Gol Airlines
Authors: Pereira Sirlei de Almeida , Imbrizi Fabricio Garcia , De Freitas Alessandra Demite Goncalves , Alvarenga Marcelo Aparecido
Published: February 2020

This study was undertaken to investigate the premises that the success of disruptive innovation is related to the business model adopted by organizations. An analysis of five business models from the literature review - Bovet and Martha (2000), Applegate (2001), Chesbrough and Rosenbloom (2002), Osterwalder and Pigneur (2010), and Rodrigues, Maccari and Lenzi (2012) – was conducted based on the case of the Brazilian Gol Airlines who is recognized as a success business that promoted a disruptive innovation. The results suggest that the assertive choice of the business model can leverage innovation processes, and two of the models listed are adherence to the case studied. Keywords: Disruptive Innovation; Business Model; Innovation Elements; Strategy; Gol Airlines.
Critical Aspects of the Innovation Management: the cases Natura and Oxiteno
Authors: Silva Sheila Serafim da , Vasconcellos Eduardo Pinheiro Gondim de , Oliveira Murilo Alvarenga , Spers Renata Giovinazzo
Published: February 2020

This study has as its objective to analyze the critical aspects of the innovation management in terms of structure, strategy and processes of innovation of the Natura and Oxiteno companies. In order to do so, the study reviewed the literature about innovation management, strategies and processes of innovation. A multiple case study was adopted for the Natura and Oxiteno cases. As their data, instrument documents were obtained and interviews were made with managers and researchers working with innovation in both companies. A qualitative approach for the proposed problem was also utilized. The result highlighted similarities and differences within the structures and strategies of how innovation is developed inside and outside each company and their own innovation processes. In the case of Natura, the innovation funnel and technology funnel were used, whereas, in the case of Oxiteno, the innovation funnel and technology silos. Natura was distinguished for their model of open innovation, within the network, and for its sustainability culture. On the other hand, Oxiteno stood out for the freedom it gave to researchers to propose innovation projects. The study presented contributions to the organizations and academia by indicating some limitations in their development processes, as well as suggestions for further studies.
O PAPEL DOS RANKINGS URBANOS NA CONSTRUÇÃO DA PERCEPÇÃO SOBRE A INOVAÇÃO NAS CIDADES INTELIGENTES
Authors: Almeida Giovana Goretti
Published: February 2020

It is perceived in contemporary times the use of innumerable different rankings each with its different criteria and goals, varying according to the applied methodology, country, time, audience and other requirements, however every ranking seeks to validate something in relation to similar objects or themes. Thus, it is sought to understand the function of the rankings in what concerns to the perception about the construction of the concept of smart cities, positioning them as innovators, at the same time that they anchor them strategically in smart management. It is a qualitative study with bibliographical research on: smart cities, urban rankings, innovation and strategic urban management. It is a study of multiple cases of cities that occupy the first positions in the rankings on smart cities. The methodology uses the articulation between theory and empirical observation of three urban rankings in 2018: the CSC, the EIU and the CIMI. It is noted that the use of urban rankings are used strategically by municipal management, transforming, projecting and ambitioning that the city be perceived as an smart city.
Investigating the Key Factors Influencing the Use of Online Social Networks in Public Sector Context in the UAE
Authors: Amin Ali , Almari Hamad , Isaac Osama , Mohammed Fathey
Published: February 2020

During the past decade, usage of online social network sites has grown dramatically rivaling search engines as the most visited Internet site. The intensive literature review reveals the existing of several studies that have been done on the field of Online Social Network (OSN), but there is a lack of research that deals with usage in the context of public sector organizations. This study aims to employ structural equation modeling via AMOS to analyze 401 valid questionnaires for assessing a model which is proposed based on Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) to identify the factors affecting the use of OSN among employees of a public sector organization in the UAE. The proposed model examines the influence of four factors; performance, effort, social influence, and facilitating conditions on the actual use of OSN. Results indicated that all these factors (as independent variables) significantly predicted the actual usage of OSN with various percentages. Our work improved the insights on the online social networking usage in the context of public sector organizations.
Demographic picture of the Polish lands before the outbreak of the First World War
Authors: Pociecha Józef
Published: February 2020

In 2018, Statistics Poland, the publisher of statistical yearbooks celebrated its100th anniversary. The purpose of this work is to present a book which is the immediate predecessor of the Polish statistical yearbooks. The work, published in 1915, entitled ”Polish Statistics”, was elaborated by Adam Krzyżanowski and Kazimierz Władysław Kumaniecki, eminent Polish statisticians and economists. Based on this work, we can reconstruct the demographic picture of the Polish lands before the outbreak of the First World War, which initiates the analysis of the process of independence restoration through demo-graphic and socio-economic situation of the country. The number of population on historical Polish lands around the year 1910 is shown. At the same time, the estimates of the number of Polish population on these lands with the information on the scale of emigration and vital statistics is presented. Such information contributes to the knowledge of the history of the rebirth of Polish independence and the history of statistics.
Citizen Empowerment in Crisis Management
Authors: Górski Sławomir Stanisław
Published: February 2020

The article is devoted to issues of empowerment of citizens in the process of crisis management. The role of citizens in this process was analyzed from the research perspective based on functional approach to crisis management. The indication of the functions allowed to specify the objectives, methods of implementation and entities implementing particular activities within crisis management process. Special attention was paid to the role of Volunteer Fire Brigades in crisis management, perceiving their activities as vital part of empowering citizens in the process of social participation for civil security.
Crimes Against the Environment in Theory and Practice
Authors: Guzik-Makaruk Ewa M.
Published: February 2020

The purpose of the article is to familiarise the readers with the issues related to the theoretical grounds involving penal responsibility for violating the provisions of the Penal Code concerning environmental protection, and to show the statistics connected with this type of crimes. The article is of dogmatic-empirical nature. The dogmatic part includes provisions of the 1997 Penal Code and the acts not covered by the code. The empirical part is based on the statistical data provided by the Ministry of Justice and the National Police Headquarters. The data shows a discrepancy between the statistics and the real situation, as well as the importance of the so-called dark figure of crimes against the natural environment. It should be note, that the environmental protection system in Poland is very imperfect and contains numerous gaps that are taken advantage of by perpetrators who cause numerous violations and hazards to the natural environment. The public awareness in the area of animate and inanimate nature remains on an extremely low level. It is necessary to conduct broad educational
activities involving citizens regularly, with the aim to improve the ecological security. Since the end of the 20th century, the term “ecological ethics” has been used to identify one of the instruments of ecological security. Such approach appears to be right in all aspects because ethical behavior towards oneself, others, and the surrounding nature makes it possible to prevent dangers.
Unexpected Terrorists? Polish Links to ISIS
Authors: Polko Paulina
Published: February 2020

Poland is regarded as a country relatively free from Islamic terrorist threat. According to official statements, the four-level terrorism threat scale assessed the terrorism threat in Poland as low (‘zero’). The Islamic minority living in Poland is small and very specific, connected with the historical background of the country and well integrated. For years, relations with most of the Islamic
countries were good, or even very good, until the beginning of the XX century when Poland got involved in operations in Iraq and Afghanistan and became a member of the anti-ISIS coalition. That might have attracted the attention of Al-Qaeda and ISIS to the country and its citizens as possible targets of attacks. Surprisingly, 20 to 40 Polish citizens went to Iraq or Syria to fight as foreign fighters (FTFs). More than 10 per cent of Polish criminals wanted by the Interpol is charged with participation in the terrorist organization (ISIS). The article aims to present the relations between this Central European country and the jihadist terrorist organization and to reverse the common belief that Poland has no links to ISIS and no reasons to regard the organization as its serious problem.
Radicalization as a Source of Danger to Safety
Authors: Łachacz Tomasz , Holger Nitsch
Published: February 2020

The article discusses the phenomenon of radicalization, which becomes a source of danger for the individual and the security of the state. At the beginning the article discusses the essence and causes of the phenomenon, and then refers to the Polish and German strategies in the field of security. The documents identify radicalization and extremism as a contemporary threat to national security, which is confirmed by numerous attacks in Europe. Examples of attacks involving radicalized individuals are discussed in this paper in the article. The discussion ends with conclusions emphasizing that in the process of radicalization the
information provided to individuals and communication between government institutions and society are extremely important.
Using the Complex Measure in an Assessment of the Information Loss Due to the Microdata Disclosure Control
Authors: Młodak Andrzej
Published: February 2020

The paper contains a proposal of original method of assessment of information loss resulted from an application of the Statistical Disclosure Control (SDC) conducted during preparation of the resulting data to the publication and disclosure to interested users. The SDC tools enable protection of sensitive data from their disclosure – both direct and indirect. The article focuses on pseudonimised microdata, i.e. individual data without fundamental identifiers, used for scientific purposes. This control is usually to suppress, swapping or disturbing of original data. However, such intervention is connected with the loss of some information. Optimization of choice of relevant SDC method requires then a minimization of such loss (and risk of disclosure of protected data). Traditionally used methods of measurement of such loss are not rarely sensitive to dissimilarities resulting from scale and scope of values of variables and cannot be used for ordinal data. Many of them weakly take also connections between variables into account, what can be important in various analyses. Hence, this paper is aimed at presentation of a proposal (having the source in papers by Zdzisław Hellwig) concerning use of a method of normalized and easy interpretable complex measure (called also the synthetic indicator) for connected features based on benchmark and anti–benchmark of development to the assessment of information loss resulted from an application of some SDC techniques and at studying its practical utility. The measure is here constructed on the basis of distances between original data and data after application of the SDC taking measurement scales into account.
Selbstentwicklung in Organisationen
Authors: Rieforth Joseph
Published: February 2020

Eine Herausforderung für Organisationen besteht immer schon darin, Mitarbeitern bei der Erfüllung ihrer Aufgaben ein gesundheitsförderliches Umfeld zu bieten. Dies wird auch gesetzlich gefordert und seit einiger Zeit durch Anleitungen und Leitfäden für ein Betriebliches Gesundheits- oder Arbeitsschutzmanagementsystem gefördert. Darüber hinaus wird es immer wichtiger, nicht nur Bewältigungsformen zu trainieren, sondern eine salutogenetische, also gesundheitsfördernde Strategie zu entwickeln, getragen von einer Organisationskultur, die Mitarbeiter unterstützt, sich ihrer eigenen Selbstentwicklung bewusst zu werden. Das vorgestellte Fächermodell zur Selbstentwicklung zeigt eine Möglichkeit auf, diesen Weg im beruflichen Alltag zu realisieren.
Clustering of Time-Series Data
Authors: Ergüner Özkoç Esma
Published: February 2020

The process of separating groups according to similarities of data is called “clustering.” There are two basic principles: (i) the similarity is the highest within a cluster and (ii) similarity between the clusters is the least. Time-series data are unlabeled data obtained from different periods of a process or from more than one process. These data can be gathered from many different areas that include engineering, science, business, finance, health care, government, and so on. Given the unlabeled time-series data, it usually results in the grouping of the series with similar characteristics. Time-series clustering methods are examined in three main sections: data representation, similarity measure, and clustering algorithm. The scope of this chapter includes the taxonomy of time-series data clustering and the clustering of gene expression data as a case study.
A CORPUS-ASSISTED CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF MODALITY IN SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION CAMPAIGNS IN NIGERIA
Authors: Ademilokun Mohammed Ayodeji
Published: February 2020

This article examines modal resources in the mediatised discourse of social transformation  in Nigeria with a view to showing how they are strategically used to code interpersonal meanings for enhanced and impactful delivery of messages of social transformation in the nation. Data for the study comprises texts on aspects of social transformation campaigns in Nigeria in the context of democracy, anti-corruption crusade, insecurity and domestic violence compiled as small corpora. The data comprises texts produced by government and non-governmental actors consisting of speeches, radio commentaries, jingles, printed texts, interviews, tweets and online newspaper comments and covers the period from March 2013 to March 2018. The five-year span was informed by the wide gamut of negative realities in the nation during the time frame which led to increased mediatisation of social transformation messages. Corpus-assisted critical discourse approach was employed for data analysis, using Fairclough’s (1989, revised 2015) dialectical relational approach, the corpus linguistic tool of Antconc, chi-square test on R-Studio and normalised relative frequencies. Data analysis revealed that the different participants in the discourse characteristically used different modal resources to reflect their power on the one hand and resistance on the other and to capture the intensity of their views and feelings on the actions required for Nigeria to experience genuine social transformation. The study concludes that even though the discourse is largely ideational, modal resources are deployed for emphasising the urgency and seriousness of the issues in the ideational contents of the discourse.
RHETORICAL STRUCTURE OF PROMOTIONAL GENRES: THE CASE OF RESEARCH ARTICLE AND CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS
Authors: Zibalas Deividas , Šinkūnienė Jolanta
Published: February 2020

This paper focuses on the rhetorical structure of research article and conference abstracts in Linguistics. The study employs quantitative and qualitative analysis and is based on a self-compiled corpus of abstracts from two prestigious linguistic journals (Linguistics and The Journal of Linguistics) and conference abstracts from the 49 th Annual Meeting of the international society of linguists Societas Linguistica Europaea. The results show that the key moves (‘Background’, ‘Purpose’, ‘Methods’, ‘Results’) are distributed fairly similarly across the two types of abstracts; however, the ways they are employed are not always similar. Two additional moves were identified in our data set (‘Niche Opening’ and ‘Announcing Position’), which signal different promotional strategies employed by researchers.
Diagnosing with Light
Authors: Ness Sally Ann ,   Semiotic Society of America
Published: February 2020

Acupoint Biophoton Emissions Testing (ABET), an alternative diagnostic technique used by practitioners of Traditional Chinese Medicine, illustrates a case of non-linguistic Delome-level semiosis that is understood to form an interface between endosemiotic and linguistic semiotic levels of human (bio-)communication. Performed manually, the technique employs an array of Hypoiconic and Indexical Symbols that, when used in combination, enable practitioners to “listen in” and learn with biocommunicational processes, re-embodying them in a manner that renders them available to conscious recognition and linguistic representation. The Delome formations of the ABET technique afford the gradual accumulation and transformation of practitioner understanding through sign co-performances that achieve triadic relationality mediationally—prefiguring fully representational forms of learning. They demonstrate embodied capacities for pattern recognition, coordination, exploration, articulation, explication and self-governance that may have evolved in advance of representational sign formations, setting the evolutionary stage for them.
Thoridae (Crustacea: Decapoda) can penetrate the Abyss: a new species of Lebbeus from the Sea of Okhotsk, representing the deepest record of the family
Authors: Marin Ivan
Published: February 2020

Lebbeus sokhobio sp. nov. is described from abyssal depths (3303−3366 m) in the Kuril Basin of the Sea of Okhotsk. The related congeners are deep-water dwellers with a very distant distribution and very similar morphology. The new species is separated by minor morphological features, such as the armature of the rostrum and telson, meral spinulation of ambulatory pereiopods and the shape of the pleonal pleurae. This species is the deepest dwelling representative of the genus Lebbeus and the family Thoridae. A list of records of caridean shrimps recorded from abyssal depths below 3000 m is given.
Are You a Book Batterer?
Authors: Foster Jocelyn
Published: February 2020

Are You a Book Batterer?
RESEARCH FORUM: To better the best and brightest undergraduates
Authors: Wilson Myoung Chung , Mulcahy Kevin
Published: February 2020

RESEARCH FORUM: To better the best and brightest undergraduates
The first international conference on Japanese information
Authors: Noguchi Sachié
Published: February 2020

The first international conference on Japanese information
INNOVATIONS: Perfect preservation: A lesson from the past?
Authors: Young Philip H.
Published: February 2020

INNOVATIONS: Perfect preservation: A lesson from the past?
Racing Toward Tomorrow: ACRL's 9th National Conference
Authors: Library Association American
Published: February 2020

Racing Toward Tomorrow: ACRL's 9th National Conference. Preliminary program for the April 8-11, 1999 conference.
Hanseníase
Authors: Pinheiro Mônica Gisele Costa , Simpson Clélia Albino , Miranda Francisco Arnoldo Nunes de , Mendes Felismina Rosa Parreira
Published: February 2020

Introdução: a hanseníase é uma doença secular mantida por muitos anos como incurável, levando à segregação do doente. Os mecanismos excludentes contra o leproso tinham a premissa de proteger a população sadia, ao mesmo tempo em que se constituíam como empecilhos à manutenção do vínculo familiar. Objetivo: analisar o efeito do tratamento compulsório da hanseníase em hospitais-colônias nas relações familiares, na perspectiva daquele que possui parentesco com um ex-doente. Método: estudo qualitativo, utilizando-se da história oral temática. A colônia foi composta pelos 52 familiares de ex-doentes de hanseníase e a rede por 10 colaboradores, de ambos os sexos, com idade de 44 a 76 anos. Utilizou-se a entrevista, com questões abrangentes, submetida à análise temática de conteúdo. A pesquisa foi aprovada com Parecer de nº 650.654/2014. Resultados: mediante a análise, emergiram três categorias: desestruturação da organização familiar, distanciamento familiar e alteração no suporte familiar, os quais abordam as consequências nas relações familiares, estabelecidas mediante a experiência de se ter um parente acometido pela lepra e vitimado pelo internamento compulsório em hospitais-colônias. O distanciamento modificou as relações e o vínculo familiar entre os ex-doentes de lepra tratados em ambiente asilar e seus familiares. Conclusão: as histórias narradas relatam danos vivenciados no passado como consequência da ruptura familiar sofrida pelos colaboradores do estudo frente à política adotada como profilaxia e controle da lepra. Diante dessa parte do histórico da doença relatada no presente estudo, e de suas características epidemiológicas, torna-se relevante considerar a subjetividade dos indivíduos com hanseníase, proporcionando cuidado integral.
Implicações da prática clínica em atividades simuladas
Authors: Franzon Juliana Constantino , Meska Mateus Henrique Gonçalves , Cotta Cezar Kayzuka , Machado Giovanna Cristina Conti , Mazzo Alessandra
Published: February 2020

Introdução: a literatura demonstra que alunos que participam de atividades simuladas com experiência clínica prévia alcançam resultados menos positivos em simulação do que aqueles sem contato prévio com o campo clínico. Objetivo: identificar as implicações da prática clínica na satisfação e autoconfiança do estudante com atividades clínicas simuladas em medidas de conforto e higiene ao paciente usuário de fraldas descartáveis. Método: estudo quantitativo, quase-experimental realizado em uma universidade pública do interior do estado de São Paulo, no Brasil, utilizando dois instrumentos de avaliação da satisfação e autoconfiança do estudante com as práticas clínicas simuladas, a Escala de Satisfação e Autoconfiança no Aprendizado (ESAA) e a Escala de Satisfação com as Experiências Clínicas Simuladas (ESECS). Resultados: participaram do estudo 100 estudantes de graduação em Enfermagem. Alunos com experiência clínica anterior tiveram valores mais significativos no item "autoconfiança"; estudantes sem experiência clínica para o item "realismo" das escalas. Conclusão: a simulação clínica é enriquecedora do ponto de vista do aprendizado, satisfação e autoconfiança do estudante, mas não dispensa a prática clínica real dos estudantes em campo clínico.
Fatores de risco cardiovascular modificáveis em pacientes com hipertensão arterial sistêmica
Authors: Cardoso Fernanda Nardy , Domingues Tânia Arena Moreira , Silva Sidnei Seganfredo , Lopes Juliana de Lima
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: identificar os fatores de riscos modificáveis de pacientes com hipertensão arterial sistêmica e relacioná-los às características sociodemográficas e clínicas. Métodos: estudo transversal e correlacional realizado em pacientes com hipertensão arterial sistêmica. Os fatores de risco analisados foram obesidade, consumo excessivo de sal, sedentarismo, consumo de bebida alcoólica, tabagismo, estresse e apneia do sono. A obesidade foi analisada pelo índice de massa corporal e medida da circunferência abdominal, o consumo de sal e o sedentarismo pelo relato dos pacientes, as desordens relacionadas ao consumo de álcool pelo Alcohol Use Disorders Indentification Test, o tabagismo pelo relato dos pacientes e pelo Questionário de Fagerström, o estresse pela Escala de Estresse Percebido e a apneia do sono pelo Questionário de Berlim. As variáveis sociodemográficas e clínicas analisadas foram idade, sexo, raça, escolaridade, estado civil, renda familiar, moradia, número de filhos e de conviventes e ocupação profissional. Resultados: foram avaliados 106 pacientes; 85 eram obesos, 73 sedentários, 71 apresentavam alto risco para apneia obstrutiva do sono e 25 faziam uso de álcool. A média do escore de desordens devido ao álcool foi de 0,83+2,8 pontos, do consumo de sal foi de 3,95 gramas, do estresse foi de 14,2+7,6 pontos e da dependência de nicotina foi de 3,00+1,7 pontos. Obesidade, sedentarismo, uso de bebida alcoólica, consumo de sal e estresse relacionaram-se a algumas variáveis sociodemográficas. Conclusão: ações preventivas devem ser adotadas para que haja mudança no estilo de vida desses pacientes e, consequentemente, redução de complicações e de outras doenças cardiovasculares.
diretoras religiosas da escola de enfermagem Wenceslau Braz (1955-2016)
Authors: Braga Cristiane Giffoni , Ribeiro Anesilda Alves de Almeida
Published: February 2020

Introdução: a Escola de Enfermagem Wenceslau Braz (EEWB), criada em 1954 e situada em Itajubá-MG, é uma instituição de ensino privada, confessional católica, pertencente e mantida pela congregação das Irmãs da Providência de Gap. Objetivo: descrever o percurso individual e analisar a trajetória administrativa das diretoras religiosas da EEWB, no período de 1955 a 2016. Método: pesquisa qualitativa de abordagem histórica. Os dados foram obtidos de fontes documentais, bibliográficas e entrevistas. O pensamento de Michel Foucault foi o referencial utilizado na construção do estudo. Resultados: neste recorte histórico, a EEWB teve nove diretoras religiosas - sete enfermeiras e duas educadoras. Todas foram professoras da escola. A biografia das diretoras revela o conhecimento, trabalho, habilidade e competência de cada uma, o pioneirismo na implantação da Enfermagem profissional no sul de Minas e o protagonismo administrativo impulsionador do progresso da Escola. Conclusão: as diretoras religiosas da EEWB deixaram um legado cultural e científico para a Enfermagem brasileira, materializado na própria escola e no perfil profissional dos egressos. A herança deixada é o amor à educação e à Enfermagem, pois esse amor as fez acreditar no sonho e envidar todos os esforços para garantir a continuidade da escola, o que demandou somar forças, saberes e poderes.
Percepção do enfermeiro sobre assistência às crianças com necessidades especiais de saúde na atenção primária
Authors: Favaro Leda Cristina , Marcon Sonia Silva , Nass Evelin Matilde Arcain , Reis Pamela dos , Ichisato Sueli Mutsumi Tsukuda , Bega Aline Gabriela , Paiano Marcelle , Lino Iven Giovanna Trindade
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: apreender como os enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúde da Família se percebem em relação ao conhecimento e preparo para assistir as crianças com necessidades especiais de saúde e suas famílias e como avaliam o acesso delas aos serviços de saúde. Métodos: estudo descritivo, exploratório de abordagem qualitativa, realizado na atenção primária à saúde. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista semiestruturada com 14 enfermeiros das equipes da Estratégia Saúde da Família. As entrevistas foram transcritas na íntegra e depois submetidas à análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultados: da análise emergiram duas categorias (despreparo para assistência e suas implicações e acesso aos serviços de saúde da rede de atenção às crianças com necessidades especiais de saúde), as quais mostram que os enfermeiros, em sua maioria, não se sentem capacitados para oferecer assistência de qualidade; avaliam o acesso dessas crianças e suas famílias aos serviços de saúde como dificultado, devido à multiplicidade de condições apresentadas por elas. Conclusão: a inexistência de protocolo específico e a deficiência no estabelecimento de uma rede que priorize a continuidade, integralidade e qualidade da assistência restringem e dificultam o acesso a exames específicos, consultas com especialistas, além de acompanhamento adequado na atenção primária.
Adesão ao tratamento de diabetes Mellitus e relação com a assistência na atenção primária
Authors: Santos Aliny Lima , Marcon Sonia Silva , Teston Elen Ferraz , Back Ivi Ribeiro , Lino Iven Giovanna Trindade , Batista Vanessa Carla , Matsuda Laura Misue , Haddad Maria do Carmo Fernandez Lourenço
Published: February 2020

Objetivo: verificar a associação entre a adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso e não medicamentoso e as práticas assistenciais prestadas às pessoas com diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) pelas equipes da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF). Método: estudo transversal, do tipo inquérito domiciliar, realizado com pessoas com DM2 cadastradas nas 65 equipes urbanas da ESF, selecionadas aleatoriamente e de forma estratificada por equipe. Os dados foram coletados no primeiro semestre 2014 mediante entrevista estruturada e na análise, usando-se regressão logística, considerando-se associação significativa quando p≤0,05. Resultados: as 408 pessoas participantes tinham idade média de 66,5 anos, 84,1% relataram aderir ao tratamento medicamentoso, 29,4% realizavam atividade física regularmente e 24% tinham alimentação adequada. Após ajustes, as variáveis que permaneceram associadas ao tratamento medicamentoso foram: não participação em atividade de educação em saúde (p=0,012) e ser atendido pelo mesmo enfermeiro (p=0,048). Em relação ao medicamentoso, a adoção de alimentação adequada apresentou associação com verificação trimestral da glicemia capilar (p=0,011) e ser questionado, durante o atendimento, sobre a prática de atividade física (p=0,012) e a prática de atividade física regular com participação em atividades de educação em saúde (p=0,031), estar satisfeito com a assistência (p=0,04), ser atendido no mesmo dia em que procurou a UBS (p=0,017) e os profissionais perguntarem sobre sua saúde (p=0,011). Conclusão: as pessoas com DM2 apresentaram boa adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso e baixa adesão ao não medicamentoso, indicando que as equipes da ESF precisam ampliar a implementação de ações de promoção da saúde, prevenção e controle da doença e suas complicações.
Analyse des impacts des changements climatiques sur les normes hydrologiques en Afrique de l’Ouest : cas du district d’Abidjan (sud de la Côte d’Ivoire)
Authors: Kouassi Amani Michel , Nassa Relwindé Abdoul-Karim , Kouakou Koffi Eugène , Kouame Koffi Fernand , Biemi Jean
Published: February 2020

La connaissance des quantiles de précipitations extrêmes comme normes hydrologiques est nécessaire dans le cadre de projets d’aménagement pour la conception d’ouvrages hydrauliques et dans de nombreuses applications d’ingénierie. Dans un contexte de changements climatiques constatés en Afrique de l’Ouest, l’estimation des précipitations associées aux événements extrêmes est un sujet qui suscite des réflexions. Cette problématique soulève la question principale suivante : « Sur quelle base pourrait-on/devrait-on élaborer de nouveaux quantiles pour la gestion de projets de construction d’ouvrages hydrauliques? » Ainsi, l’objectif de cette étude est l’analyse des impacts des changements climatiques sur les normes hydrologiques relatives aux quantiles des pluies journalières maximales annuelles dans le district d’Abidjan (sud de la Côte d’Ivoire). L’approche méthodologique utilisée a consisté à la collecte de données de pluviométrie journalière pour la période 1961-2014. Les tests statistiques de base ont été effectués. Le choix du modèle statistique s’est porté sur la loi de Gumbel. Les paramètres du modèle ont été estimés et ont permis de calculer les quantiles sur plusieurs périodes de référence (1961-1990, 1971-2000, 1981-2010, 1961-2014) et plusieurs durées de retour (2, 5, 10, 20, 50 et 100 ans). Une comparaison des quantiles déterminés a été réalisée à partir des matrices d’écarts relatifs absolus. Les principaux résultats ont montré que les différentes séries définies sont constituées de valeurs indépendantes, stationnaires et homogènes. Les quantiles calculés varient pour une durée de retour donnée en fonction des périodes de référence choisies pour leur détermination. Cela traduit une non-stationnarité des quantiles due à l’instabilité du climat. Pour une meilleure sécurité des ouvrages hydrauliques, les recommandations de ce travail proposent d’utiliser les quantiles de la période historique (1961-1990) pour les périodes de retour inférieures à 50 ans. En ce qui concerne les durées de retour supérieures à 50 ans, il est possible d’utiliser les quantiles de deux périodes de référence (1961-1990, 1981-2010). Pour la valeur du gradex des méthodes empiriques de l’Office de la recherche scientifique et technique outre-mer (ORSTOM) et du Comité interafricain d’études hydrauliques (CIEH), il est recommandé de considérer 0,44 comme valeur pour le dimensionnement des ouvrages hydrauliques dans le district d’Abidjan.
Evaluation of the quality of groundwater used for irrigation in the Mina plain, Algeria
Authors: Gorine Mohamed , Benkhelifa Mohammed , Gacem Farid , Bellague Djamal
Published: February 2020

The development of agriculture in the Mina plain is hampered by the drought that has occurred in recent years. As a result, water scarcity has favoured an intensive use of groundwater of poor quality. This behaviour is one of the forerunners of soil degradation. Knowing the quality of the irrigation water used becomes imperative. In this context, water samples from 178 wells in the Mina plain were subjected to a physico-chemical analysis, mainly electrical conductivity (EC), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), and irrigation water quality index (IWQI), were used to identify water quality classes as well as residual alkalinity (RSC) to determine salinization pathways. The thematic maps established by the two methods (EC and SAR, IWQI) showed that 73.44% of the total area could be used for irrigation and that 87.55% of the total area may be used for irrigation in soils with high permeability where additional water should be applied to prevent salt accumulation. The residual alkalinity revealed two types of salinization: one neutral and one alkaline, representing respectively 149 and 29 wells. The electrical conductivity varied between 2.24 and 16.50 dS∙m-1, divided into two classes of salinity (C4, 44.03% and C5, 55.97%). SAR values fluctuated between a low of 4.28 and a high of 94.73, with S2 dominance accounting for 49.57% of the total area. IWQI’s assessment of groundwater quality revealed that 87.55% of the Mina study area is severely restricted, which is dominant in the southeastern and southwestern parts of the area. The remaining area, 12.44% or less, is in the high restriction category. This simple index uses the most important parameters that evaluate the quality of irrigation water for management.
Application des méthodes paramétriques (drastic et si) pour l’étude de la vulnérabilité à la pollution potentielle par les nitrates de la nappe d’eau superficielle de Timahdite-Almis Guigou (Moyen Atlas, Maroc)
Authors: Amrani Samir , Hinaje Saïd , Gharmane Youssef
Published: February 2020

La nappe d’eau superficielle appartenant au système hydrogéologique fluvio-lacustre et volcanique d’âge plio-quaternaire est située dans une zone subsidente, à effondrement récent, allongée entre Timahdite et Almis Guigou du Moyen Atlas, Maroc. La région d’étude est occupée essentiellement par des zones agricoles caractérisées par une utilisation importante d’engrais chimiques et de pesticides qui représentent, en plus des rejets domestiques, un risque permanent sur la qualité des eaux souterraines. Nous avons étudié la vulnérabilité à la pollution de la nappe d’eau de cette région, en utilisant deux méthodes, DRASTIC et SI, avec l’utilisation des logiciels ArcGIS 9.3 et Erdas Imagine 8.4. La validation de ces deux méthodes a été testée en comparant la répartition des nitrates dans les eaux souterraines et les différentes classes de vulnérabilité. Trois classes de degré de vulnérabilité à la pollution ont été identifiées par les deux méthodes (faible, moyenne et élevée). La classe de degré de vulnérabilité moyenne est la plus dominante avec 60 % pour la méthode DRASTIC et 49,81 % pour celle de SI. Le taux de coïncidence des concentrations en nitrates des eaux souterraines avec les différentes classes de vulnérabilité établies est de 76,92 % et 61,54 % respectivement pour les méthodes SI et DRASTIC. De ce taux de coïncidence, la méthode SI parait mieux évaluer la vulnérabilité à la pollution aux nitrates.
Évaluation par approche statistique de l’impact des changements climatiques sur les ressources en eau : application au périmètre du Gharb (Maroc)
Authors: Acharki Siham , Amharref Mina , El Halimi Rachid , Bernoussi Abdes-Samed
Published: February 2020

Afin d’évaluer l’impact des changements climatiques sur les ressources en eau, nous réalisons dans ce travail une analyse statistique spatio-temporelle de certaines variables climatiques du bilan hydrique. En effet, pour comprendre les variations climatiques ayant eu lieu dans le passé, l’analyse statistique doit se faire sur des séries chronologiques de données représentatives aussi bien sur le plan spatial que temporel. Toutefois, ces séries de données présentent souvent des lacunes dans les mesures et des irrégularités qui entravent leur utilisation directe. Pour cela, l’analyse statistique adoptée dans cette étude s’est appuyée sur trois étapes : i) le comblement des données manquantes par deux méthodes d’imputation, à savoir la méthode d’imputation multivariée par des équations enchainées (MICE) et la méthode des k plus proches voisins (k-NN); ii) la détection des changements significatifs ayant eu lieu dans le passé dans les séries chronologiques. Les dates de ces changements sont marquées par des ruptures au niveau de la moyenne des variables climatiques étudiées. Ces ruptures ont été validées par trois tests statistiques (Pettitt, Buishand et homogénéité normale SNH); iii) l’investigation de tendances potentielles dans les données climatiques par les tests statistiques (Sen et Mann-Kendall) ainsi que par une projection future. Comme application, nous avons traité les données climatiques pour les périodes 1974-2016 et 2021-2050 issues de cinq stations météorologiques du périmètre du Gharb situé au nord du Maroc. Les résultats obtenus montrent que la méthode d’imputation de MICE est la plus performante pour toutes les stations. Pour les tendances, les séries de températures, d’évapotranspiration potentielle et du déficit hydrique présentaient des tendances significatives à la hausse sur tous les pas de temps. Tandis que pour les séries de précipitations, les tendances étaient non significatives. Les projections à l’horizon 2021-2050 ont fait ressortir que nous pourrions assister à un léger décalage de la saison la plus pluvieuse de l’année et l’effet du réchauffement serait plus important en allant de l’ouest vers l’est du périmètre du Gharb en raison de l’effet de continentalité.