bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of ocean heat transport on sea ice captured by a simple energy balance model
Authors: Aylmer Jake R. , Ferreira David , Feltham Daniel L.
Published: July 2024

Future projections of Arctic and Antarctic sea ice suffer from uncertainties largely associated with inter-model spread. Ocean heat transport has been hypothesised as a source of this uncertainty, based on correlations with sea ice extent across climate models. However, a physical explanation of what sets the sea ice sensitivity to ocean heat transport remains to be uncovered. Here, we derive a simple equation using an idealised energy-balance model that captures the emergent relationship between ocean heat transport and sea ice in climate models. Inter-model spread of Arctic sea ice loss depends strongly on the spread in ocean heat transport, with a sensitivity set by compensation of atmospheric heat transport and radiative feedbacks. Southern Ocean heat transport exhibits a comparatively weak relationship with Antarctic sea ice and plays a passive role secondary to atmospheric heat transport. Our results suggest that addressing ocean model biases will substantially reduce uncertainty in projections of Arctic sea ice.
Endothelial LATS2 is a suppressor of bone marrow fibrosis
Authors: Sivaraj Kishor K. , Majev Paul-Georg , Dharmalingam Backialakshmi , Schröder Silke , Banjanin Bella , Stehling Martin , Zeuschner Dagmar , Nordheim Alfred , Schneider Rebekka K. , Adams Ralf H.
Published: July 2024

Myelofibrosis and osteosclerosis are fibrotic diseases disrupting bone marrow function that occur in various leukemias but also in response to non-malignant alterations in hematopoietic cells. Here we show that endothelial cell–specific inactivation of the Lats2 gene, encoding Hippo kinase large tumor suppressor kinase 2, or overexpression of the downstream effector YAP1 induce myofibroblast formation and lead to extensive fibrosis and osteosclerosis, which impair bone marrow function and cause extramedullary hematopoiesis in the spleen. Mechanistically, loss of LATS2 induces endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition, resulting in increased expression of extracellular matrix and secreted signaling molecules. Changes in endothelial cells involve increased expression of serum response factor target genes, and, strikingly, major aspects of the LATS2 mutant phenotype are rescued by inactivation of the Srf gene. These findings identify the endothelium as a driver of bone marrow fibrosis, which improves understanding of myelofibrotic and osteosclerotic diseases, for which drug therapies are currently lacking.
Chemically and physically enhanced adhesion for robust interfaces in all-soft vertical organic photodetectors
Authors: Park Haechan , Kim Daeun , Kim Sehyun , Na Myeonghyeon , Kim Yeeun , Sim Kyoseung
Published: July 2024

We report all-soft vertical organic photodetectors composed entirely of soft components.
Two-dimensional Janus monolayers SPtAZ2 (A = Si and Ge; Z = N, P, and As): insight into their photocatalytic properties via first-principles calculations
Authors: Gao Zhen , He Yao , Xiong Kai
Published: July 2024

2D Janus SPtAZ2 monolayers with excellent photocatalytic properties.
Exploring the phase behavior of C8-BTBT-C8 at ambient and high temperatures: insights and challenges from molecular dynamics simulations
Authors: Casalegno Mosè , Provenzano Simone , Raos Guido , Moret Massimo
Published: July 2024

Characterization of C8-BTBT-C8 phase behavior at ambient and high temperatures: insights and challenges from molecular dynamics simulations.
Intrinsic ultralow lattice thermal conductivity in lead-free halide perovskites Cs3Bi2X9 (X = Br, I)
Authors: Ma Jiang-Jiang , Zheng Jing-Jing , Chen Yuxi , Ren Qingyong , Zhang Junfeng , Wang Bao-Tian
Published: July 2024

The rattling vibrations of the Cs atoms as well as the rotational and torsional vibration modes of the polyhedral framework induce the ultralow lattice thermal conductivities of Cs3Bi2X9 (X = Br, I).
Mechanism and structure–activity relationship of H2 and CO2 activation at the ZnO/Cu catalyst interface
Authors: Xin Xin , Gao Peng , Li Shenggang
Published: July 2024

The ZnO/Cu interface is predicted to promote hydrogen activation and spillover to form interfacial oxygen vacancies, enhancing CO2 reactivity during its hydrogenation.
Clean hydrogen potential for carbon-neutral copper mining
Authors: Kukula Iuliia , Ermanoski Ivan , Stechel Ellen B.
Published: July 2024

Increasing electrification and renewable energy expansion will drive up copper demand and copper mining energy consumption and emissions. Clean hydrogen can replace fossil fuels, facilitating carbon neutrality in copper mining.
More than just sweet: current insights into microplastics in honey products and a case study of Melipona quadrifasciata honey
Authors: Rani-Borges Bárbara , Arena Mariana Victorino Nicolosi , Gomes Ingrid Naiara , Lins Luís Henrique França de Carvalho , Cestaro Livia de Souza Camargo , Pompêo Marcelo , Ando Rômulo Augusto , Alves-dos-Santos Isabel , Toppa Rogério Hartung , Martines Marcos Roberto , Queiroz Lucas Gonçalves
Published: July 2024

The presence of microplastics in honey samples from a native Brazilian bee varied from 0.1 to 2.6 particles per mL across urban and vegetated areas.
Photodegradation of the main synthetic musk (HHCB) in water: kinetic study and influencing factors
Authors: Turan Hatice , Sebilo Mathieu , Pigot Thierry , Monperrus Mathilde
Published: July 2024

Galaxolide (HHCB) is the most common synthetic musk compound detected in numerous daily products.
Recent advances on cellulose-based solid polymer electrolytes
Authors: Gong Xiaoqi , Wang Jiasheng , Zhong Linfeng , Qi Guangsheng , Liu Fujie , Pan Yaozheng , Yang Fan , Wang Xiaotong , Li Jing , Li Longjie , Liu Cong , Yu Dingshan
Published: July 2024

We comprehensively reviewed the recent achievements in cellulose-based solid electrolytes, including diverse modifications and compositing strategies for improving ionic conductivity, and current challenges and future prospects are discussed.
Correction: (LA)-MC-ICPMS/MS measurement of Sr radiogenic isotope ratios
Authors: Télouk Philippe , Balter Vincent
Published: July 2024

Correction for ‘(LA)-MC-ICPMS/MS measurement of Sr radiogenic isotope ratios’ by Philippe Télouk et al., J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 2024, 39, 879–887.
G4-Hemin-loaded 2D nanosheets for combined and targeted chemo-photodynamic cancer therapy
Authors: Raj Gowtham , Ghosh Tamraparni , D. S. Vasudev , P. Harsha , Kumar Devu B. , Prasad Justin , V. B. Athul , S. M. Abhimanyu , Varghese Reji
Published: July 2024

A supramolecular strategy for the fabrication of a PDT-active 2D nanosheet loaded with a POD-mimicking DNAzyme for the synergetic combination of PDT and CDT for targeted cancer therapy is reported.
Accelerating and breaking adaptive nano-colloids (<100 nm) into unsteady state operation via push–pull effects
Authors: Lanz Cornelia , Künnecke Nele , Krysiak Yaşar , Polarz Sebastian
Published: July 2024

The mobility of nanosized organosilica Janus colloids can be controlled precisely, allowing them to be halted at a desired position.
Ultrasonic nanotechnology for the effective management of Staphylococcus aureus skin infections: an update
Authors: Thanjavur Naveen , Buddolla Anantha Lakshmi , Bugude Laxmi , Buddolla Viswanath , Kim Young-Joon
Published: July 2024

Ultrasonic nanotechnology is a groundbreaking, non-invasive approach for treating Staphylococcus aureus skin infections, effectively addressing antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation.
MOF-derived scaffolds as electrode materials: a mini-review
Authors: Hussain Iftikhar , Zhang Kaili
Published: July 2024

Herein, the authors have focused on the recent development of MOF-derived scaffold electrodes using transition metal oxides, sulfides, selenides, tellurides, and their composites for supercapacitors.
Modular design of a zwitterionic organocatalyst for bulk ring-opening polymerization of cyclic esters
Authors: Guo Fengzhen , Guo Peng , Li Zhenjiang , Yin Yaling , Yu Hui , Cao Shaoju , Li Chunyu , Zou Xin , Lyu Mingfu , Guo Kai
Published: July 2024

Zwitterionic organocatalysis in the ring-opening polymerizations of cyclic esters via bifunctional activation of the monomer by Lewis acidic cation and the chain-end by Lewis basic anion of the modular designed phoshonium carboxybetaines.
Efficient electrosynthesis of urea using CO2 and nitrate over a bifunctional In4SnS8 catalyst
Authors: Li Mao , Gao Yanan , Xu Ji , Wang Sangzi , Wei Yujin , Wang Jingru , Ouyang Bo , Xu Kun
Published: July 2024

Urea can be efficiently synthesized through the electrocatalytic C–N coupling of NO3− and CO2 over a bifunctional In4SnS8 catalyst.
Fe-modified Co2Mo3O8-promoted nitrate-cascade reduction reaction coupled with the oxygen evolution reaction for electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis
Authors: Wang Yaru , Qin Shiyu , Chen Xiaoyue , Meng Xiangchao , Li Zizhen
Published: July 2024

Simple hydrothermal and rapid Joule heating methods were used to synthesize Fe-modified Co2Mo3O8 (FeCoMo/NF) catalysts grown in situ on NF with excellent electrocatalytic NO3RR coupled OER performance.
Theoretical investigation of thermoelectric properties of methyl blue-based molecular junctions
Authors: Al-Mohana Sarah M. S. , Najeeb Hussein N. , Al-Utayjawee Rasool M. , Babaei Ferydon , Al-Owaedi Oday A.
Published: July 2024

The methyl blue-based molecular junctions are functional structures and promising candidates for thermoelectric applications.
Eco-conscious upcycling of sugarcane bagasse into flexible polyurethane foam for mechanical & acoustic relevance
Authors: El-Metwaly Esraa A. , Mohamed Hadeel E. , El-Basheer Tarek M. , Moselhy Manal T. H. , Zulfiqar Sonia , Cochran Eric W. , Maamoun Ahmed Abdelhamid
Published: July 2024

This study explores the use of sugarcane bagasse (SCB), a byproduct of sugarcane processing, as a bio-filler in the production of flexible polyurethane foam (FPU), focusing on its benefits for both the environment and the economy.
Temperature-dependent yield stress and wall slip behaviour of thermoresponsive Pluronic F127 hydrogels
Authors: Sangitra Surya Narayana , Pujala Ravi Kumar
Published: July 2024

A new method to calculate slip yield stress along with true yield stress is proposed in thermoresponsive hydrogels.
Correction: Nanoarchitectonics of molecular self assembled monolayers by transition metal ion intercalation for enhancement of molecular junction conductivity
Authors: Tong Y. , Alsalama M. , Berdiyorov G. R. , Ahmad Sara Iyad , Hamoudi H.
Published: July 2024

Correction for ‘Nanoarchitectonics of molecular self assembled monolayers by transition metal ion intercalation for enhancement of molecular junction conductivity’ by Y. Tong et al., RSC Adv., 2024, 14, 21597–21607, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4RA02950J.
Design strategy for effective supported Au–Pd catalysts for selective oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural under mild conditions
Authors: Kharlamova Tamara S. , Timofeev Konstantin L. , Morilov Denis P. , Salaev Mikhail A. , Stadnichenko Andrey I. , Stonkus Olga A. , Vodyankina Olga V.
Published: July 2024

The strategy to rationally design effective bimetallic AuPd/ZrO2 catalysts for the selective HMF oxidation under mild conditions is introduced.
A case study on graduate teaching assistants’ teacher noticing when enacting a case-comparison activity in organic chemistry
Authors: Zaimi Ina , Haas Daisy B. , Silverstein Matthew J. , Shultz Ginger V.
Published: July 2024

Graduate teaching assistants (GTAs) hold a unique positionality as instructors and research mentors to undergraduate students, research mentees to faculty members, and employees to an institution. With limited pedagogical training and teaching resources, the enactment of planned teaching activities and learning resources may be influenced by how GTAs conceptualize their teacher identity, role, and experiences. In this study, we explored how chemistry GTAs enacted a scaffolded, cooperative-learning case-comparison activity in a second-semester organic chemistry laboratory course. Our study was guided by the conceptual framework of teacher noticing. Teacher noticing – an instructor observing “important” instructional moments and connecting their observations to theory and practice – is a part of developing instructional responses based on students’ reasoning. Pairing this conceptual framework with a case study methodology, we recruited two GTAs, and conducted a pre-observation interview, two observations, and a post-observation interview. We explored GTAs’ teacher noticing – what they observed and interpreted as well as how they shaped and responded. We exposed the tension and the resolution between learning objectives (i.e., objectives set by the instructional team for students) and teaching objectives (i.e., objectives set by the GTAs for themselves and their students). GTAs’ framing seemed to influence their shaping, and their shaping seemed to balance the instructional team's learning objective and GTAs’ teaching objectives. Because chemistry GTAs serve as instructors in many science undergraduate courses, understanding the unique GTA framing may support both graduate and undergraduate learning experiences. Furthermore, our study has implications for researchers who design organic chemistry learning resources to consider different ways GTAs may support students’ learning. This study additionally has implications for faculty instructors to develop transformative, consistent professional development opportunities focused on transparency, collaboration, and community in teacher learning.
Redox-active chemical chaperones exhibiting promiscuous binding promote oxidative protein folding under condensed sub-millimolar conditions
Authors: Suzuki Koki , Nojiri Ryoya , Matsusaki Motonori , Mabuchi Takuya , Kanemura Shingo , Ishii Kotone , Kumeta Hiroyuki , Okumura Masaki , Saio Tomohide , Muraoka Takahiro
Published: July 2024

A promiscuous protein binder with redox activity efficiently promotes oxidative protein folding under condensed sub-millimolar conditions.
The key role of chirality and peripheral substitution in the columnar organization of bowl-shaped subphthalocyanines
Authors: Labella Jorge , López-Serrano Elisa , Aranda Daniel , Mayoral María J. , Ortí Enrique , Torres Tomás
Published: July 2024

This work describes the crucial effect that optical purity and substitution pattern exert on the formation mechanism and stability of columnar polymers formed from the self-assembly of bowl-shaped subphthalocyanines.
Coloration of ultraviolet-C-assisted combined desizing-scouring cotton fabric
Authors: Panda Sanjay Kumar Bhikari Charan , Mukhopadhyay Samrat , Sen Kushal
Published: July 2024

Desizing and scouring are combined as a sustainable process with the help of UVC to reduce environmental impacts. A saving of 79% time, 71% water and 72% energy of the conventional 2-step process is expected in this research.
Flexible metal oxide thin-film transistors produced by a nanofiber-to-film process
Authors: Zhang Danna , Miao Guangtan , Liu Guoxia , Shan Fukai
Published: July 2024

The high-performance flexible thin-film transistors (TFTs) based on In2O3/Al2O3 were fabricated by a nanofiber-to-film (NTF) process, and the excellent mechanical stability and reproducibility of the device were demonstrated.
A self-healing and deformation responsive supercapacitor fabricated using a smart gel polymer electrolyte and a redox-activated electrode
Authors: Wang Yiting , Xie Yibing
Published: July 2024

A flexible intelligent supercapacitor is fabricated using a smart gel polymer electrolyte (PVA–H3BO3–H2SO4–MB–Na2MoO4) and a redox-activated electrode to achieve superior pseudocapacitance, self-healing and deformation responsive properties.
Improved energy storage performance of NBTM/STM multilayer films via designing the stacking order
Authors: Chi Qingguo , Dong Bo , Yin Chao , Zhang Xue , Sun Shimin , Zhang Changhai , Zhang Yongquan , Zhang Yue , Zhang Tiandong
Published: July 2024

Analysis of NBTM/STM multilayer films focusing on the effects of the stacking order on their energy storage performance, with detailed mechanisms and comparative analysis with other multilayer films.
Genetic origins of a resurging lake whitefish, Coregonus clupeaformis, population in the Detroit River, Laurentian Great Lakes
Authors: Stott Wendylee , DeBruyne Robin , Roseman Edward
Published: July 2024

The Detroit River connects Lake Huron and Lake Erie of the Laurentian Great Lakes. The river once supported a substantial lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) fishery until the early 1900s, when habitat loss, pollution, and overfishing contributed to the collapse of the fishery and loss of spawning populations in the river. In the early 1970s, efforts were initiated to improve water and habitat quality, and in December 2005 a spawning male lake whitefish and viable eggs were collected; the first documented evidence of spawning since 1916. Researchers have tracked the spawning magnitude of the lake whitefish population in the Detroit River since 2005 by assessing the number of eggs deposited on egg mats. Genetic analysis of larval fish hatched from eggs collected in the field between 2005 and 2018 was used to determine the relative contributions of Lake Erie and Lake Huron to the resurging population. Over 80% of the hatched larvae had parents originating from Lake Erie in all the years sampled. The estimated number of full-sibling families sampled at Belle Isle was the same in 2010 and 2014 and varied between 2009 and 2016 at Fighting Island. The estimated number of lake whitefish parents at Fighting Island decreased in the most recent collections possibly due to loss of habitat on spawning reefs due to sedimentation. Our results provide additional evidence that restored spawning habitat in the Detroit River is again being used by lake whitefish and continued reproduction at these sites may improve the Great Lakes portfolio of ecological and genetic diversity.
Prévention et traitement du tissu de granulation exubérant
chez les équidés
Authors: Couturier Fleur , Robert Mickaël
Published: July 2024

L’hypergranulation est une complication fréquente des plaies distales des membres cicatrisant par seconde intention chez le cheval.

Le tissu de granulation exubérant apparaît lorsque la phase proliférative de la cicatrisation se prolonge. Il est caractérisé par une surface irrégulière, des bords dépassant largement les marges de la plaie, et la présence d’exsudat en grande quantité. La prévention du tissu de granulation exubérant passe tout d’abord par une gestion optimale de la plaie initiale. De même, l’utilisation raisonnée de topiques, de certaines couches-contact et de bandages avec ou sans attelle est tout aussi essentielle dans la prévention de la formation d’un tissu de granulation exubérant.

L’exclusion de facteurs favorisant la formation du tissu de granulation exubérant est primordiale grâce à des examens complémentaires (radiographie, échographie, …)

Le traitement de choix reste l’exérèse chirurgicale. Des greffes cutanées peuvent être utilisées lorsqu’une large plaie est obtenue après exérèse chirurgicale. Plusieurs exérèses sont parfois nécessaires pour venir à bout d’un tissu de granulation exubérant. En cas de récidives, des biopsies sont souvent intéressantes afin d’exclure une transformation tumorale.
Observation clinique - Intoxication mortelle chez le Sénéçon de Jacob
chez une ponette de 15 ans
Authors: Olonde Bertrand
Published: July 2024

Les intoxications des chevaux au pâturage, qu’elles soient aiguës ou chroniques, sévères ou bénignes, représentent un défi diagnostique pour le clinicien. En effet, les signes cliniques sont souvent non spécifiques et l’enquête épidémiologique n’est pas toujours aisée.

Ce cas d’une ponette de 15 ans, permet de montrer toute l’importance que peut revêtir une intoxication par ingestion de plantes. Cette ponette a été référée en clinique suite à une dégradation rapide de son état général.
Les signes nerveux et les dosages très élevés des enzymes hépatiques (notamment les GGT) ont permis de suspecter rapidement un problème d’origine toxique.

L’enquête épidémiologique menée auprès des propriétaires ainsi qu’une ammoniémie 6 fois plus élevée que la norme haute décrite dans la littérature ont permis de conclure à une intoxication par le séneçon de Jacob. Ce cas était très sévère et la ponette n’a pas pu être sauvée.

Le séneçon de Jacob, comme d’autres plantes toxiques, est très commun dans les prairies des zones tempérées. Il est très facile d’en trouver dans les pâtures mal entretenues. De plus, cette plante a un effet cumulatif au cours du temps lorsqu’elle est consommée et elle est aussi dangereuse dans le foin que sur pied. Une bonne connaissance de la flore et des bonnes pratiques de gestion des pâtures sont donc primordiales pour éviter les catastrophes.
Künstliche Intelligenz als Gamechanger
Authors: Hantl-Merget Judith
Published: July 2024

KI ist längst im Gesundheitswesen angekommen: Wie sich die RoMed Kliniken der Technologie annähern und
lernen, sie für sich zu nutzen, erklärt hier Pflegedirektorin Hantl-Merget M.A.
Roboter und KI am Krankenbett: Vision oder Wirklichkeit?
Authors: Heeser Alexandra
Published: July 2024

Roboter am Krankenbett? Diese Vorstellung ist nicht so utopisch, wie sie klingt. Künstliche Intelligenz
(KI) ist aus dem Gesundheitswesen nicht mehr wegzudenken. Zahlreiche Arbeitsprozesse, aber auch Therapien
können durch KI und Digitalisierung verbessert und individualisiert werden. Dennoch kann KI nie den
menschlichen Kontakt ersetzen.
Invasive Mykosen – Innovative Therapien
Authors: Mellinghoff Sibylle C. , Cornely Oliver A. , Mammadova Parvin , Sprute Rosanne , Stemler Jannik
Published: July 2024

Invasive Pilzerkrankungen sind schwer zu behandeln und stellen eine erhebliche Bedrohung für immungeschwächte Menschen dar. Die derzeitigen antimykotischen Wirkstoffe stoßen an ihre Grenzen, einschließlich zunehmender Resistenzen gegen Antimykotika und unerwünschter Wirkungen. Diese Übersicht soll einen umfassenden Überblick über neue Behandlungsstrategien geben.
Routine colonoscopy with a surprise in the cecum: It’s a giant appendicolith! A Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Kock am Brink Magnus , Schmidt Christa , Daniels Thies , Lock Guntram
Published: July 2024

Giant appendicoliths (defined as appendiceal stones larger than 2 cm in size) are rare findings, with less than 20 well-documented reported cases. Appendicoliths, in general, are linked to an increased risk of appendicitis and associated complications. However, little information is available on the clinical impact of giant appendicoliths. We present a case of a giant appendicolith accidentally discovered during screening colonoscopy. With more than 4 cm, this appendicolith is one of the largest of the few reported so far. In contrast to all other cases of giant appendicoliths, the patient did not exhibit any symptoms. Additionally, we provide an overview of giant appendicolith cases, discussing their clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment.
Peristomal skin lesions – identifying patients at risk
Authors: Dietmaier Louisa , Summa Scarlett , Ronicke Moritz , Erfurt-Berge Cornelia
Published: July 2024

Background and Objectives Diagnosis and therapy of peristomal skin lesions are challenging for the majority of therapists. Established diagnostic tools have not yet been validated. Our objective was to outline the spectrum of and to identify risk factors for skin lesions in ostomy patients. A focus was set on peristomal ulcerations and their differentiation as peristomal pyoderma gangrenosum.

Methods In a retrospective analysis, frequency and character of peristomal skin lesions in patients presenting at two departments were analysed. Patients suffering from peristomal ulcerations were subjected to a more detailed analysis including application of the PARACELSUS score.

Results A total of 565 patients with ostomy were analysed; 40.2% (n = 227) presented with peristomal skin lesions. Moisture-associated skin damage (27.9%) was the most common, while ulcerations (21.9%) and eczematous skin alterations (19.1%) were seen with comparable frequency. Peristomal pyoderma gangrenosum was diagnosed in 7.9% of all observed peristomal lesions. Among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (n = 98), peristomal ulcerations were the leading finding (35.7%), and pyoderma gangrenosum was more frequent in these patients (16.3%).

Conclusions It is necessary to assess and classify peristomal skin lesions. Further studies for the validation of different scores or the development of diagnostic tools are needed.
The Relationship between Speech Perception in Quiet and in Noise for Young Adults with Pure-Tone Thresholds ≤ 25 dB HL
Authors: Vermiglio Andrew J. , Osborne Hannah R. , Bonilla Elizabeth , Leclerc Lauren , Thornton Meagan , Fang Xiangming
Published: July 2024

Abstract Background The standard audiological protocol utilizes quiet measures. However, it has been noted that speech recognition in noise (SRN) testing provides information that cannot be inferred from quiet measures. Purpose The purpose of
this convergent validity study was to investigate the relationships between behavioral responses in quiet and in noise. Research Design Bilateral pure-tone averages (BPTA) were calculated for thresholds from 500 to 6000 Hz. The Hearing in Noise Test (HINT) thresholds
in quiet (HINT-Q) were also measured. SRN performances were determined using the HINT Noise Front (HINT-F) condition and the AzBio test. The HINT-F uses steady-state speech-shaped noise and the AzBio uses a 10-talker babble. All conditions were randomized. Study Sample Fifty
young, native English-speaking females with pure-tone thresholds less than or equal to 25 dB HL participated in this study. The average age of the participants was 20.5 years (standard deviation = 1.47). Data Collection and Analysis Pearson correlation coefficients
were used to quantify the relationships between all measures. Results Statistically significant relationships were found between HINT-Q thresholds versus BPTA (0.5‐6.0 kHz) (r = 0.62, p < 0.01) and between HINT-F
thresholds versus AzBio (0 dB signal-to-noise ratio) scores (r = -0.41, p < 0.05). No significant relationships were found between any of the quiet versus noise measures. Conclusion These results suggest that, for individuals with
pure-tone thresholds less than or equal to 25 dB HL, SRN ability must be measured directly and not inferred from PTA or speech-in-quiet measures. It is possible, to a modest degree, to predict AzBio performances from the HINT-F thresholds, and vice versa.
Pediatric Wrist
Authors: Cantarelli Rodrigues Tatiane , Godoy Ivan Rodrigues Barros , Serfaty Aline
Published: July 2024

Pediatric wrist injuries pose unique diagnostic challenges due to distinct bone characteristics in children and their diverse injury patterns. The dynamic development of the wrist, marked by changes in bone age and emerging ossification centers, is crucial to evaluate growth and identify potential pathologies. The skeletal composition, rich in cartilage, renders bones relatively weaker yet more elastic, impacting their susceptibility to fracture. Forearm fractures display diverse patterns influenced by torsional forces. Scaphoid fractures, less common in children, differ from those in adults. Conditions like Madelung's deformity and ulnar variance are more common wrist disorders in the pediatric population. In addition, the scarcity and nonspecificity of symptoms in those with tendon injuries and triangular fibrocartilage complex lesions can be diagnostically challenging. This article reviews pediatric wrist injuries, emphasizing ossification patterns, common fracture types, and developmental variants. Grasping these complexities in pediatric wrist development and associated pathologies is essential for precise diagnosis and treatment.
Pediatric Pelvis
Authors: Chauvin Nancy A.
Published: July 2024

The development of the pelvis follows a predictable pattern of ossification that involves the maturation of bone, synchondroses, and apophyses. These growth centers appear and close at distinct times during skeletal maturity and give rise to structural changes in the pelvis that can be distinctively appreciated on various imaging modalities. Accurate interpretation of radiologic images requires knowledge of skeletal development because the varying appearance of the maturing pediatric pelvis may be mistaken for pathology. In addition, many normal features within the pelvis can be erroneously perceived as injury. This article incorporates a multimodality review of normal pelvic maturation, a discussion of developmental variants, and a description of common injuries unique to the pediatric pelvis.
Imaging of the Pediatric Knee
Authors: Yaya-Quezada Carlos , Fanney Lewis , Patel Vandan , Taragin Benjamin H. , Williams Brendan A. , Simoni Paolo , Nguyen Jie C.
Published: July 2024

During normal development, imaging findings in the immature knee joint may mimic pathology or indicate transient sites of weakness, prone to injury. This article reviews the development of the knee joint, age- and maturation-dependent imaging considerations, and various developmental variants that can be encountered, subdivided into those that involve the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral compartments, soft tissues, and osseous components. The tibiofemoral compartment section reviews the focal periphyseal edema zone (FOPE), ossification variants of the femoral condyles, distal femoral metaphyseal cortical irregularity from periosteal traction, and the metaphyseal subperiosteal stripe, which should be distinguished from pathologic mimickers such as endochondral ossification dysfunction, osteochondritis dissecans (OCD), fibroosseous lesion, periosteal and subcortical pathologies. The patellofemoral compartment section includes a review of partite patella, dorsolateral defect, variant trochlear morphology, and maturation-dependent sites of transient weakness that are prone to injury from repetitive overuse (Sinding-Larsen-Johansson syndrome and Osgood-Schlatter disease) and avulsion fractures (patellar sleeve and tibial tubercle avulsions). Finally, soft tissue (discoid lateral meniscus, meniscal flounce, anterior cruciate ligament variants) and osseous components (meniscal ossicle, fabella, and cyamella) are reviewed.
Recent Perspectives on Impulse Control Disorder in Dopamine Agonist-Treated Patients in Endocrine Practice
Authors: Aldahmani Khaled M. , AlMalki Mussa H.
Published: July 2024

Dopamine agonists (DAs) are the primary treatment for patients with hyperprolactinemia. However, there are potential risks of impulse control disorders (ICDs), particularly in those with predisposing factors. Early recognition of ICDs is essential, as reducing the dose or discontinuing the medication often resolves the issue. In some cases, alternative treatments like surgery may be necessary, especially for microprolactinoma or intrasellar macroprolactinoma. Future research should focus on identifying confounding risk factors for ICD development, confirming the presence of ICDs with the help of psychiatrists, documenting the severity of ICDs, and providing guidance on optimal management strategies upon detection of ICDs. We here briefly review the frequencies, risk factors and provide practical guidance on identification and management of ICDs in the context of managing pituitary disorders.
A Bird's Eye View: The Past and Future of Activity-Focused Treatment
Authors: Hinckley Jacqueline , Patterson Janet
Published: July 2024

Throughout her career, Audrey Holland advocated for persons with aphasia, urging clinicians and others to view each person in the context of their needs and desires in navigating daily life. In this article, we acknowledge her ideas about functional treatment, and consider their influence on contemporary, activity-focused aphasia treatment. Three criteria define activity-focused treatment: (1) activity-specific goals, (2) personally relevant targets, and (3) near-real-life practice settings. Elements of treatment design, activities, and outcome measurement described here exemplify Audrey's beliefs in person-centered clinical aphasiology. Operationalizing treatment elements and designing a context as close to real life as possible are clinical actions that support these beliefs. Activity-focused treatment and other life participation approaches have often been relegated to the last phase of treatment; following Audrey's example, we advocate beginning with activity-focused treatment based on a client's communication needs and desires. Activity-focused treatment benefits persons with aphasia, their families, clinicians, and other stakeholders by presenting outcomes that reflect communication change in a real-life context and that are individually relevant. Such outcomes foster an individual's inclusion in their communication environments, respect the WHO platform of functional treatment, and prepare a clinician to present outcome data relevant to that individual.
Can Artificial Intelligence Assist Nurses in Planning the Nursing Care of a Child with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia?
Authors: Aközlü Zeynep , Erkut Zeynep
Published: July 2024

Background Today, the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI) based technologies and their widespread use in the health sector offer important opportunities in the field of nursing practices and patient care. Therefore, there is a need for research to better understand and evaluate the impact of AI-based applications on nursing. In this study, we aimed to determine and evaluate the nursing care practices planned by AI for a pediatric case diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Methods Within the scope of the study, a hospitalization scenario for a child diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia was created by the researchers in line with the literature. The scenario and five open-ended questions were directed to ChatGPT (OpenAI), an AI application. The responses were evaluated in line with the literature.

Results It was determined that AI did not include the measurement of vital signs in the planning of nursing care for the current problems of the child diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and could not detect anemia, thrombocytopenia, alopecia, and nausea/vomiting among the possible problems of the child.

Conclusion Although it is thought to address the patient in a multidimensional way with its responses, the knowledge, experience, and equipment of the nurse are needed to filter the information provided by AI. In line with the data obtained, it is recommended that nurses make a final assessment for the appropriateness of the intervention when deciding to follow an AI-based recommendation.
Income, environmental quality and willingness to pay for organic food: a regional analysis in South Korea
Authors: Kim Cherry , Kim Kwansoo
Published: July 2024

This paper explores the dynamic relationship between income and the willingness to pay (WTP) a premium for organic food across regions with varying levels of environmental development in South Korea. It is widely recognized that income significantly influences consumers’ decisions to purchase organic products. Using the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis as a contextual framework, we confirm that income leads to a higher WTP for organic foods once a specific income threshold is reached. This threshold marks the transition to the “environmental improvement stage,” where regional economic development begins to reduce environmental degradation. Below this threshold, economic priorities often overshadow environmental concerns, resulting in a “pollution-intensive stage” where rising income exacerbates environmental degradation and negatively impacts WTP for organic foods. Our results indicate that the influence of income on organic food demand is sensitive to the level of environmental development. Specifically, the effect of income on WTP varies: it is negative in the pollution-intensive stage and positive in the environmental improvement stage. The magnitude of these effects intensifies with increasing pollution, thereby widening the sustainability gap between these regions. Our findings underscore the importance of addressing economic inequality as a crucial step toward achieving environmental sustainability.
The impact of unconditional cash transfers on enhancing household wellbeing in Pakistan: evidence from a quasi-experimental design
Authors: Hameed Abdul , Ali Tariq Mahmood , Najam Muhammad Omar
Published: July 2024

Cash transfer programs have emerged as potent tools for alleviating poverty and enhancing the living conditions of the most deprived households in developing nations. Such initiatives have now become integral components of social protection systems in many developing countries, including Pakistan. Evaluating the efficacy of these safety nets is crucial to comprehend their value in terms of public expenditure. This research employed a well-being index to gauge the impact of unconditional cash transfers on the socioeconomics of recipients. By employing three rounds of the BISP impact assessment survey conducted in 2011, 2016, and 2019. The study measured the overall impact of cash transfers on well-being by utilizing Principal Component Analysis in conjunction with a Difference-in-Differences Quasi-Experimental design over the years. The findings of the study indicate that between 2011 and 2016, the socioeconomic status declined for both treatment and control groups, but the reduction was less pronounced among those who received treatment compared to the control group with insignificant. From 2016 to 2019, there was a marginal positive increase in socioeconomic status, although it was of insignificance. Overall, the well-being of both the control and treatment groups decreased from 2011 to 2019, with a slightly more pronounced improvement observed in the treatment group. This trend suggests that the impact of the BISP unconditional cash transfer program had a limited effect on altering the well-being of the beneficiaries. The lack of substantial impact from the BISP’s cash transfers on household well-being can be attributed to factors such as inflation, unemployment, economic slowdown, payment challenges, insufficient funding, and gaps between installments. The government of Pakistan should reconsider the substantial investment in BISP within the context of value for money. It is advisable for the government and policymakers to channel this substantial investment into income generation, capital asset development, microbusinesses, climate-resilient agriculture, and livestock in order to stimulate the real economy sectors.
Femtosecond dynamics on the nanoscale of intense laser-induced grating plasma
Authors: Dulat Ankit , Dam Sagar , Rakeeb Sk , Lad Amit D. , Ved Yash M. , Kumar G. Ravindra
Published: July 2024

The complex interaction dynamics of intense femtosecond (fs) pulses and their picosecond (ps)-long leading edge with nanostructured solids occur at nanometer (nm) spatial and the fs temporal scales, making them extremely difficult to measure directly. Here, we present pump-probe-based measurements that capture the ultrafast evolution of relativistically intense laser-driven grating plasma on these scales. We measure the transient reflectivity and spectrum of the scattered or diffracted UV-probe pulses from the grating structures with hundreds of fs resolution. Our measurements capture the initial onset of the solid-to-plasma transition and the subsequent grating plasma expansion, a few ps before the peak of the intense fs pulse. We measure the instantaneous position of the electron critical surface, its velocity, and acceleration, which are very crucial for understanding the physics and applications in ion/electron acceleration and high harmonic generation, while also providing valuable benchmarks for simulations. Particle-in-cell simulations corroborate the observations offering further insight into this process.
Effect of lattice mismatch on large area domain uniformity of (BiTm)3(GaFe)5O12 thin films prepared by liquid-phase epitaxy for magneto-optical imaging system
Authors: Li Zhuo , Li Han , Zhang Ding , Zhang Yuanjing , Wang Feng , Yang Shuting , Ru Zehao , Xiang Fuliang , Sun Hanyu , Zhang Huaiwu , Yang Qinghui
Published: July 2024

To study the effect of large area uniform garnet film on the consistency of image quality of a magneto-optical imaging system, the effect of lattice mismatch on a large area uniform domain structure of magneto-optical materials was studied. In this paper, (BiTm)3(GaFe)5O12 thin garnet films with different stress were prepared on the surface of gadolinium gallium garnet by liquid phase epitaxy. The results show that the magnetic hysteresis mechanism exists in the (BiTm)3(GaFe)5O12 thin films with tensile stress, and the domains can preferentially respond to magnetic signals in very small regions. This is mainly the phenomenon of magnetic domain partitioning caused by cracks. In addition, the non-uniform distribution of coercive force in a large range is the main cause of hysteresis. The thin films with weak compressive stress (BiTm)3(GaFe)5O12 are uniformly distributed over a large area.
Microstructured optical fibers for quantum applications: Perspective
Authors: McGarry Cameron , Harrington Kerrianne , Davis Alex O. C. , Mosley Peter J. , Rusimova Kristina R.
Published: July 2024

Recent progress in the development and applications of microstructured optical fibers for quantum technologies is summarized. The optical nonlinearity of solid-core and gas-filled hollow-core fibers provides a valuable medium for the generation of quantum resource states as well as for quantum frequency conversion between the operating wavelengths of existing quantum photonic material architectures. The low loss, low latency, and low dispersion of hollow-core fibers make these fibers particularly attractive for both short- and long-distance links in quantum networks. Hollow-core fibers also promise to replace free-space optical components in a wide range of atomic experiments.
Magnetic separation characteristics of steel slag powder in a fluidized dry magnetic network separator
Authors: Hou Kai Xin , Zhan Hua
Published: July 2024

Steel slag can separate inert minerals by the mineral separation method and prevent the hydration of active minerals caused by wet magnetic separation. In order to solve the problems of low specific magnetic susceptibility, small grain size, and difficult separation of inert minerals in steel slag, fluidized dry magnetic network separation equipment was used in this study. Through the study of the influence of operating parameters, such as magnetic mesh aperture, fluidized gas speed, and background magnetic field strength in the equipment, the Longang steel slag (converter steel slag, treated by the hot disintegrating method) was effectively separated. The results show that the total iron content of the final product scavenging product decreased from 16.90 to 11.93 wt. %, which accounted for 56.16 wt. % of the total weight of the raw material, which is used as a cementitious material to replace part of the cement. The total iron content of the concentrate product increased more than twice from 16.90 to 34.27 wt. %, which accounted for 3.36 wt. % of the total weight of the raw material, which is used as ironmaking raw material through subsequent treatment. Through this study, the steel slag is effectively separated and utilized.
Wave reflection dynamics in nonlocal viscoelastic media: The role of inhomogeneity and rotation
Authors: Sharma Dinesh Kumar , Walia Vishal , Bachher Mitali , Sarkar Nantu
Published: July 2024

This research is devoted to address the reflection of plane waves at a flat surface in a coupled nonlocal viscoelastic medium, focusing on the effects of in-homogeneity and rotation. Nonlocal viscoelastic functionally graded materials (FGMs), characterized by their dependence on spatial interactions beyond immediate neighbors, exhibit complex wave propagation behavior, which is further influenced by material in-homogeneity and rotational motion. We first describe a mathematical model incorporating these factors and write the governing equations in component form for wave propagation in the medium under study. The dispersion equations are derived analytically which interpret that due to the rotational effects in FGM, two coupled plane waves, namely, a quasi-longitudinal (QL) wave and a quasi-shear (QS) wave, are found in the medium. For the incidence of a QL wave on a flat boundary with zero stress, there may exist two types of reflected waves, namely, QL and QS waves. The reflection coefficients are obtained using the boundary conditions at the stress-free surface in the medium. Analytical solutions of the reflection coefficients are presented, highlighting the influence of the nonlocal parameters, functionally graded factor, and the rotation on wave reflection characteristics. Numerical simulations are performed to illustrate the theoretical findings, showing how these factors alter the phase speeds, attenuation factors, and the amplitude of the reflected waves. The results provide deeper insights into the wave dynamics in the considered media, which have implications for advanced material design and applications in seismology, materials science, and engineering disciplines.
Potential energy curves for F2, Cl2, and Br2 with the i-DMFT method
Authors: Liu Di , Yan Bing , Irimia Marinela , Wang Jian
Published: July 2024

The potential energy curves for dihalogens (F2, Cl2, and Br2) are calculated with the i-DMFT method proposed recently [Wang and Baerends, Phys. Rev. Lett. 128, 013001]. All electrons are correlated in a set of self-consistent-field eigenvalue equations, with the orbital occupation numbers obeying the Fermi–Dirac distribution. The only input is the dissociation energies of the molecules, which are usually available from an experimental database. The quality of the computed potential energy curve is examined by extracting spectroscopic parameters and rotation–vibration energy levels, which are compared with experiment data and other theoretical calculations.
Theoretical simulation of a dual-band and dual-broadband terahertz metamaterial absorber using two asymmetric rectangular rings
Authors: Ri Kwang-Jin
Published: July 2024

In this paper, a dual-band and dual-broadband terahertz (THz) metamaterial absorber (MA) using two asymmetric rectangular rings is proposed and studied. The proposed bifunctional MA possesses not only the dual-band absorption performance with absorptivities of 97.81% and 99.53% at 2.07 and 2.88 THz but also the dual-broadband absorption performance with absorptivity above 90% in two frequency ranges of 5.74–6.98 and 9.81–10.83 THz. The distributions of electric fields at resonant frequencies are utilized to analyze the working principle of the proposed bifunctional MA. Moreover, the influences of incident angle and polarization angle on dual-band and dual-broadband absorption performance are also investigated. Different from the previous MAs with asymmetric resonators, our bifunctional MA has polarization insensitivity despite the use of two asymmetric rectangular rings. Therefore, our design idea can be effectively utilized in the development of bifunctional MAs with simple structures and polarization insensitivity.