bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sosialisasi Dan Pelatihan Sistem Informasi Potensi Wisata Pada Desa Botutonuo
Authors: Polin Muchlis , Rohandi Manda , Koniyo Mohammad Hidayat , Mulyanto Arip , Novian Dian , Olii Salahudin , Kaluku Moh. Ramdhan Arif , Gani Hilmansyah , Pakaya Nikmasari
Published: July 2021

Desa Botutonuo adalah salah satu desa di Kecamatan Kabila Bone Kabupaten Bone Bolango yang memiliki berbagai macam potensi terutama potensi wisata bahari. Namun demikian, jika dinilai dari segi pemanfaatan teknologi informasi, maka potensi ini masih perlu dikelola lebih baik lagi dengan cara memanfaatkan teknologi informasi untuk melakukan publikasi ataupun promosi pariwisata yang ada. Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk memudahkan masyarakat dan pemerintah dalam mengelola dan mempromosikan potensi Desa Botutonuo terutama dalam sektor pariwisata. Selain itu, kegiatan ini juga bertujuan untuk memudahkan aparat desa dalam mengelola administrasi kependudukan melalui implementasi sistem informasi desa. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan ini adalah pendampingan bagi aparat desa maupun masyarakat. Kegiatan pengabdian berlangsung dengan sukses dan mendapatkan apresiasi yang sangat baik dari pemerintah desa dan masyarakat.
Pelatihan dan Pendampingan Pembuatan Tanaman Sayuran Melalui Teknik Hidroponik Bagi Karang Taruna dan Ibu-Ibu Rumah Tangga Dalam Menghadapi Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Isnanto Isnanto , Mahmud Haris
Published: July 2021

Dampak dari pandemi COVID-19 telah menyebabkan lumpuhnya sektor utama seperti ekonomi dan pendidikan. Dampak dari pandemi ini tidak hanya dirasakan di kota bahkan sampai ke pelosok pedesaan. Untuk itu perlu langkah strategik dalam menangani permasalahan ini baik dari bidang kesehatan seperti penemuan vaksin, obat maupun cara pencegahan lainnya. Dalam bidang pendidikan perlu menemukan cara bagaimana cara melaksanakan PBM tanpa harus saling menularkan penyakit tersebut. Maupun dibidang ekonomi bagaimana cara memulihkan perekonomian yang hampir terpuruk. Solusi yang ditawarkan tim berupa pelatihan dan pendampingan pembuatan tanaman sayuran melalui teknik hidroponik guna menopang perekonomian di tingkat keluarga. Dengan adanya tanaman sayuran hidroponik yang berada di lingkungan rumah, maka ibu rumah tangga tidak lagi mengeluarkan rupiahnya untuk membeli sayuran dan sebagian bumbu dapur karena sudah terpenuhi disekitar rumahnya, bahkan bisa dijual di pasar atau dijual kepada masyarakat yang membutuhkan sehingga menjadi penghasilan bagi para ibu-ibu rumah tangga. Hasil dari kegiatan Pelatihan dan Pendampingan Pembuatan Tanaman Sayuran Melalui Teknik Hidroponik Bagi Karang Taruna dan Ibu-Ibu Rumah Tangga dalam Menghadapi Pandemi COVID-19 telah dilaksanakan diikuti oleh 40 orang warga desa Molangga yang terdiri dari karang taruna dan ibu-ibu PKK. Mereka dapat memahami teknik penanaman sayuran dan bunga hiasan melalui teknik hidroponik. Nilai yang diperoleh mahasiswa sebanyak 29 orang mendapatkan nilai A dan 1 orang mendapatkan nilai A-
Penanganan Pada Anak Dengan Gangguan Berbahasa di PPT Bunga Teratai Surabaya
Authors: Azminah Suhartini Nurul , Oktaviani Rizka Nur , Citrasukmawati Alfina
Published: July 2021

Bahasa anak akan berkembang secara sistematis dan bersama-sama dengan bertambahnya usia anak. Pada anak usia dini berada pada rentang 2 s.d. 5 tahun pasti memilili keterampilan berbahasa yang berbeda-beda. Dalam pemerolehan bahasa pertama anak dibantu oleh pengasuhnya khususnya ibu dalam hal ini biasanya disebut bahasa pertama. Menginjak masa prasekolah (PAUD) anak akan mendapatkan bahasa kedua yang dibantu oleh guru. Anak akan mengaalami gangguan berbahasa jika anak tidak mampu dalam berkomunikasi secara verbal. Adapaun tujuan dari pengabdian masyakata di PPT Bunga teratai untuk mengenali tanda-tanda gangguan perkembangan yang bisa dialami oleh anak, mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perkembangan bahasa, serta apa saja stimulasi yang bisa diberikan secara sederhana baik di rumah maupun di sekolah kepada anak agar perkembangannya bisa tercapai dengan maksimal. Hasil dari kegiatan ini, guru dan orang tua dapat mengenali tanda-tanda dari gangguan berbahasa seperti keterlambatan berbicara dan pencampuaran bahasa yang dipengaruhi oleh dwibahasa dirumah, gaya pengasuhan, dan kebiasaan bermain gadget. Untuk menangani permasalahan ini, dengan cara literasi dini seperti membacakan cerita bergambar, mengajak anak untuk berdiskusi dan tanya jawab serta menceritakan yang sedang dilakukan atau yang  telah dilakukan.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Siaga Covid 19 dalam Gerakan Masyarakat Sadar Stunting (GEMASTING) di Masa Pandemi
Authors: Amalia Lia , Mokodompis Yasir
Published: July 2021

Prevalensi stunting di Indonesia menempati peringkat kelima terbesar di dunia. Data Riset kesehatan dasar (Riskesdas) tahun 2013 menunjukkan prevalensi stunting dalam lingkup nasional sebesar 37,2 persen, terdiri dari prevalensi pendek sebesar 18,0 persen dan sangat pendek sebesar 19,2 persen. Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar (Riskesdas) tahun 2018 menunjukkan Prevalensi stunting turun 6,4% dari 37,2% pada tahun 2013 menjadi 30,8% namun hal itu tetap menjadi masalah kesehatan karena Indonesia merupakan negara nomor empat dengan angka stunting tertinggi di dunia. Lebih kurang sebanyak 9 juta atau 37,0% balita Indonesia mengalami stunting (Widyakarya Nasional Pangan dan Gizi, 2018). Prevalensi balita stunting di provinsi Gorontalo tahun 2019 sebesar 32%. Di Kabupaten Pohuwato Tahun 2017 sebesar 33,2%, tahun 2018 sebesar 8% dan tahun 2019 sebesar 7,43%. Hasil riset kesehatan dasar terakhir prevalensi stunting di Kabupaten Pohuwato sudah masuk zona hijau tetapi masih jauh dari target yang ditetapkan yaitu 0% pada tahun 2025. Salah satu upaya penanggulangan stunting pada balita adalah dengan memberikan edukasi kepada masyarakat dalam rangka peningkatan pengetahuan dan kesadaran akan penanggulangan stunting serta edukasi dalam pemberian makanan tambahan dengan memanfaatkan bahan makanan bersumber daya lokal salah satunya jagung. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dari kegiatan ini adalah dapat membantu meningkatkan derajat kesehatan masyarakat, meningkatkan pengetahuan, kesadaran dan kepedulian masyarakat mengenai stunting dan meningkatkan kreativitas masyarakat dalam upaya pencegahan stunting melalui pengolahan bahan pangan bergizi berbasis sumber daya pangan lokal.
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Dalam Menghadapi Covid-19
Authors: Tuloli Mohammad Yusuf , Bahsuan Rifadli , Sumaga Arfan Usman
Published: July 2021

Virus Covid-19 merupakan bencana yang telah mengganggu sendi-sendi kehidupan masyarakat dunia termasuk masyarakat di Provinsi Gorontalo. Perguruan tinggi melalui Tri Dharma perguruan tinggi dimana salah satunya melakukan pengabdian kepada masyarakat perlu berperan serta dalam mengurangi dampak dari virus tersebut baik dalam bidang ekonomi, sosial maupun pendidikan. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini adalah melakukan pendampingan belajar untuk anak-anak sekolah yang kurang bisa menyerap pelajaran dengan sistem online, melakukan sosialisasi mengenai Covid-19 kepada masyarakat Desa Dambalo di Kabupaten Pohuwato dan Pelatihan untuk penanganan Covid-19 yang sekaligus dapat meningkatkan perekonomian masyarakat. Metode yang dipakai adalah survey dan edukasi tentang Covid 19. Dari hasil kegiatan, terlihat terjadinya peningkatan tingkat pemahaman anak-anak sekolah terhadap pelajaran yang didampingi oleh peserta KKS, meningkatnya pemahaman masyarakat tentang Covid-19 serta meningkatnya keterampilan masyarakat dalam membuat alat cuci tangan dalam mereduksi penyebaran Covid-19 dimana hasil dari pembuatan alat ini dapat dijual sehingga dapat meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat di masa pandemic ini.
Konsep Wisata Hortikultura/Aquaponik di Desa Bulontio Timur
Authors: Harun Ervan Hasan , Ilham Jumiati , Arafat Muhammad Yasser
Published: July 2021

Desa Bulontio Timur yang memiliki area pertanian yang luas dan juga dilewati oleh dua sungai yang memiliki debit air yang banyak merupakan potensi dalam mengambangkan konsep wisata hortikultura/aquaponik di Desa tersebut. Pelaksanaan program KKN Tematik 2020 di Desa Bulontio Timur diharapkan dapat menggugah masayarakat dan pemerintah desa untuk memanfaatkan potensi tersebut dengan harapan dapat meningkatkan produktifitas masyarakat desa Bulontio Timur. Tujuan khusus kegiatan KKN Tekmatik 2020 Desa Bulontio Timur adalah terwujudnya konsep wisata hortikultura/aquaponik terintegrasi. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, Program kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini adalah (1) membantu pemerintah Desa Bulontio Timur dan da masyarakat dalam mengembangkan konsep wisata hortikultura/aquaponik terintegrasi Desa bulontio Timur, (2) membangun partisipasi masyarakat Desa Bulontio Timur rangka mewujudkan wisata hortikultura. Kegiatan pengabdian ini dilaksanakan dalam 3 tahap yakni (1) persiapan dan pembekalan, meliputi koordinasi dengan mitra dalam hal ini pemeritah  Desa Bulontio Timur,  coaching mahasiswa peserta KKN, (2) pelaksanaan program  KKN tematik 2020 di  lokasi, meliputi sosialisasi, survei, penyusunan konsep dan master plan (maket) wisata hortikultura/aquaponik terintegrasi berdasarkan hasil diskusi dengan pemeritah dan tokoh masyarakat dan membangun partisipasi masyarakat yang mendukung program wisata hortikultura dengan mengadakan lomba TOGA (Tanaman Obat Keluarga), dan (3) Evaluasi dan pelaporan. Sebagai Luaran dari program Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat adalah dihasilkan (1) master plan konsep wisata hortikultura/aquaponik terintegrasi di Desa Bulontio Timur dalam bentuk maket dan Animasi, (2) terbangunnya partisipasi masyarakat dengan ikut serta dalam kegiatan TOGA
Análise de Custo-Benefício das Propostas de Alteração do Programa Tarifa Social de Energia Elétrica
Authors: B. Silva Filho Edison , V. Homsy Guilherme
Published: July 2021

Este trabalho apresenta simulações dos impactos das principais propostas hoje em debate para alteração do programa de subsídio tarifário para famílias de baixa renda chamado de Tarifa Social de Energia Elétrica (TSEE), que é custeado pela Conta de Desenvolvimento Energético (CDE). Os beneficiários desse programa se encontram
identificados na base Sistema de Controle de Subvenções (SCS), de propriedade da Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica (ANEEL). Os resultados da simulação mostram que as alterações propostas para a TSEE em projetos de lei tramitando no Congresso acarretarão acréscimo substancial ao montante de subsídios destinado à política pública, cujo custo deverá ser repassado aos demais consumidores de energia, sobretudo, na região centro-sul.
Effect of Gender Diversity on the Association between Corporate Sustainability Practices and Financial Performance of Firms
Authors: Molla Mohammad Shahansha
Published: July 2021

Purpose: The objective of this research is to examine the effect of corporate sustainability practices (CSP) on financial performance (FP) as well as the moderating effect of gender diversity (GENDIV) in the board on the relationship between CSP and FP of firms in Malaysia.

Methods: The sample of the study is 312 firm-year observations from 2015 to 2017 of 104 firms listed in Bursa Malaysia. The theoretical framework of the study is underpinned by the Stakeholder theory and the Agency theory. To test the hypotheses, with the help of STATA software, the panel corrected standard errors (PCSE) estimator model and the hierarchical moderated multiple regression model have been used.

Results: The findings of the study reveal that CSP significantly and positively affects the FP of firms. The empirical results also show that gender diversity in boards significantly moderates the relationship between CSP and FP of Firms in Malaysia.

Implications: Based on the empirical findings, the study recommends that the policymakers and regulatory bodies should follow up the mandatory corporate sustainability practices of the firms as well as revise the codes of corporate governance regarding gender diversity of the boards to ensure their long-term sustainability as well as to reduce the risk of financial distress, or bankruptcies in the future.
A Photoionization Mass Spectrometry Investigation into Complex Organic Molecules Formed in Interstellar Analog Ices of Carbon Monoxide and Water Exposed to Ionizing Radiation
Authors: Turner Andrew M. , Bergantini Alexandre , Koutsogiannis Andreas S. , Kleimeier N. Fabian , Singh Santosh K. , Zhu Cheng , Eckhardt André K. , Kaiser Ralf I.
Published: July 2021

The formation of complex organic molecules by energetic electrons mimicking secondary electrons generated within trajectories of galactic cosmic rays was investigated in interstellar ice analog samples of carbon monoxide and water at 5 K. Simulating the transition from cold molecular clouds to star-forming regions, newly formed products sublimed during the temperature-programmed desorption and were detected utilizing isomer-specific photoionization reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Using isotopically labeled ices, tunable photoionization, and adiabatic ionization energies to discriminate between isomers, isomers up to

C

2

H

4

O

2

and

C

2

H

6

O

2

were identified, while non-isomer-specific findings confirmed complex organics with molecular formulas up to

C

4

H

6

O

4

. The results provide important constraints on reaction pathways from simple inorganic precursors to complex organic molecules that have both astrochemical and astrobiological significance.
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver and Vitamin D Levels in Extremely Obese Individuals: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Sayed Mohamed , Abozeid Ebthal Mahmoud , Amin Hoda M. , Elsayed Naglaa M. , Nassar Yasser H. , Elsheimy Hend A.
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is currently one of the most prevalent liver diseases. NAFLD is exemplified by the deposition of fat in the liver, in the absence of other etiologies. The spectrum of histological features in NAFLD ranges from macro-vesicular steatosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, and it can eventually end in fibrosis, cirrhosis, or hepatocellular carcinoma. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is the most common micronutrient deficiency worldwide. Obese subjects are more prone to VDD, particularly those with liver disease. Non-classic functions of Vitamin D may be involved in the metabolic pathways beyond NAFLD development and progression.

AIM: The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between NAFLD and Vitamin D levels in extreme obese subjects, and the correlation between Vitamin D levels and NAFLD severity.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 80 Egyptian subjects of both sexes, divided into two groups: 50 patients with Stage III obesity (defined as body mass index [BMI] ≥40 kg/m2) and NAFLD, their age ranging from 20 to <60 years, and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers as control subjects. All patients were recruited from nutrition outpatient clinic at endocrinology unit, Cairo University Hospitals during the period from January 2019 to June 2019. Diagnosis of NAFLD was done by ultrasonography and laboratory evaluation included Vitamin D level. Nutritional evaluation included BMI, waist circumference, and weight.

RESULTS: Vitamin D was significantly lower in the NAFLD group versus healthy controls: About 34%, deficient, 32% insufficient, and 34% sufficient in NAFLD group versus 23.3% insufficient, and 76.7% sufficient only in control, p ˂ 0.001. The severity of NAFLD, as graded by ultrasonography, was positively correlated with BMI and inversely correlated with Vit D levels, p = 0.001 and 0.024, respectively. Multivariate linear regression proved that both BMI and Vit D were independent predictors for NAFLD progression, BMI in a positive manner and Vit D in a negative manner. A cutoff Vit D level of 27.75 had 64% sensitivity and 90% specificity in NAFLD detection, area under the curve was 0.821.

CONCLUSION: Vitamin D is significantly lower in the NAFLD group versus healthy controls in this cohort. VDD and BMI were associated with increased NAFLD severity. VDD was found to be an independent predictor of NAFLD progression. Vitamin D supplementation may be added to lifestyle modifications to prevent NAFLD occurrence in obese subjects.
The Mental Health Impact of the Coronavirus Disease-19 Pandemic on Resident Doctors at M. Jamil Hospital Padang, Indonesia
Authors: Yaunin Yaslinda , Liza Rini Gusya , Yenny Satya Wydya , Julia Dwi Sabtika
Published: July 2021

BACKGROUND: The first case of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was reported in Wuhan, China at the end of December 2019 and soon spread to all corners of the world in early 2020. As the number of case increases, healthcare workers who come into contact with COVID-19 patients are to provide care under unprecedented physical and psychological pressure. Several studies have shown that such gravity lead healthcare workers to experience depression, anxiety and stress disorders.

METHODS: Data collection was carried out on July 13–July 31, 2020, when participants – resident doctors at the Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Indonesia – could download and complete the online questionnaire uploaded on the Google form application. It reveals demographic characteristics and assessing the level of depression, anxiety and stress using the “Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-42.”

RESULTS: Out of 494 residents in total who are in training and based in Dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang, Indonesia, 448 residents (90.7%) agreed to participate in this research. In the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, majority of the residents – 355 people (79.2%) from 12 branches of specialization – were assigned to man the emergency unit. The analysis of the collected data shows that 57 residents suffer from mild-moderate depression (12.7%) and 19 residents (4.2%) struggle with severe-very severe depression. The other 58 residents (12.9%) experience mild-moderate anxiety while 12 residents (2.7%) labor under severe-very severe anxiety. Mild-moderate stress affects 89 residents (19.9%) and severe-very severe stress impact 20 residents (4.5%).

CONCLUSION: This study finds that residents experience mild-moderate depression, anxiety and stress as well as severe-very severe due to working in a pandemic situation.
Economic costs of invasive alien species across Europe
Authors: Haubrock Phillip J. , Turbelin Anna J. , Cuthbert Ross N. , Novoa Ana , Taylor Nigel G. , Angulo Elena , Ballesteros-Mejia Liliana , Bodey Thomas W. , Capinha César , Diagne Christophe , Essl Franz , Golivets Marina , Kirichenko Natalia , Kourantidou Melina , Leroy Boris , Renault David , Verbrugge Laura , Courchamp Franck
Published: July 2021

Biological invasions continue to threaten the stability of ecosystems and societies that are dependent on their services. Whilst the ecological impacts of invasive alien species (IAS) have been widely reported in recent decades, there remains a paucity of information concerning their economic impacts. Europe has strong trade and transport links with the rest of the world, facilitating hundreds of IAS incursions, and largely centralised decision-making frameworks. The present study is the first comprehensive and detailed effort that quantifies the costs of IAS collectively across European countries and examines temporal trends in these data. In addition, the distributions of costs across countries, socioeconomic sectors and taxonomic groups are examined, as are socio-economic correlates of management and damage costs. Total costs of IAS in Europe summed to US$140.20 billion (or €116.61 billion) between 1960 and 2020, with the majority (60%) being damage-related and impacting multiple sectors. Costs were also geographically widespread but dominated by impacts in large western and central European countries, i.e. the UK, Spain, France, and Germany. Human population size, land area, GDP, and tourism were significant predictors of invasion costs, with management costs additionally predicted by numbers of introduced species, research effort and trade. Temporally, invasion costs have increased exponentially through time, with up to US$23.58 billion (€19.64 billion) in 2013, and US$139.56 billion (€116.24 billion) in impacts extrapolated in 2020. Importantly, although these costs are substantial, there remain knowledge gaps on several geographic and taxonomic scales, indicating that these costs are severely underestimated. We, thus, urge increased and improved cost reporting for economic impacts of IAS and coordinated international action to prevent further spread and mitigate impacts of IAS populations.
Economic costs of invasive alien species in the Mediterranean basin
Authors: Kourantidou Melina , Cuthbert Ross N. , Haubrock Phillip J. , Novoa Ana , Taylor Nigel G. , Leroy Boris , Capinha César , Renault David , Angulo Elena , Diagne Christophe , Courchamp Franck
Published: July 2021

Invasive alien species (IAS) negatively impact the environment and undermine human well-being, often resulting in considerable economic costs. The Mediterranean basin is a culturally, socially and economically diverse region, harbouring many IAS that threaten economic and societal integrity in multiple ways. This paper is the first attempt to collectively quantify the reported economic costs of IAS in the Mediterranean basin, across a range of taxonomic, temporal and spatial descriptors. We identify correlates of costs from invasion damages and management expenditures among key socioeconomic variables, and determine network structures that link countries and invasive taxonomic groups. The total reported invasion costs in the Mediterranean basin amounted to $27.3 billion, or $3.6 billion when only realised costs were considered, and were found to have occurred over the last three decades. Our understanding of costs of invasions in the Mediterranean was largely limited to a few, primarily western European countries and to terrestrial ecosystems, despite the known presence of numerous high-impact aquatic invasive taxa. The vast majority of costs were attributed to damages or losses from invasions ($25.2 billion) and were mostly driven by France, Spain and to a lesser extent Italy and Libya, with significantly fewer costs attributed to management expenditure ($1.7 billion). Overall, invasion costs increased through time, with average annual costs between 1990 and 2017 estimated at $975.5 million. The lack of information from a large proportion of Mediterranean countries, reflected in the spatial and taxonomic connectivity analysis and the relationship of costs with socioeconomic variables, highlights the limits of the available data and the research effort needed to improve a collective understanding of the different facets of the costs of biological invasions. Our analysis of the reported costs associated with invasions in the Mediterranean sheds light on key knowledge gaps and provides a baseline for a Mediterranean-centric approach towards building policies and designing coordinated responses. In turn, these could help reach socially desirable outcomes and efficient use of resources invested in invasive species research and management.
Biological invasions in France: Alarming costs and even more alarming knowledge gaps
Authors: Renault David , Manfrini Eléna , Leroy Boris , Diagne Christophe , Ballesteros-Mejia Liliana , Angulo Elena , Courchamp Franck
Published: July 2021

The ever-increasing number of introduced species profoundly threatens global biodiversity. While the ecological and evolutionary consequences of invasive alien species are receiving increasing attention, their economic impacts have largely remained understudied, especially in France. Here, we aimed at providing a general overview of the monetary losses (damages caused by) and expenditures (management of) associated with invasive alien species in France. This country has a long history of alien species presence, partly due to its long-standing global trade activities, highly developed tourism, and presence of overseas territories in different regions of the globe, resulting in a conservative minimum of 2,750 introduced and invasive alien species. By synthesizing for the first time the monetary losses and expenditures incurred by invasive alien species in Metropolitan France and French overseas territories, we obtained 1,583 cost records for 98 invasive alien species. We found that they caused a conservative total amount ranging between US$ 1,280 million and 11,535 million in costs over the period 1993–2018. We extrapolated costs for species invading France, for which costs were reported in other countries but not in France, which yielded an additional cost ranging from US$ 151 to 3,030 millions. Damage costs were nearly eight times higher than management expenditure. Insects, and in particular the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus and the yellow fever mosquito Ae. aegypti, totalled very high economic costs, followed by non-graminoid terrestrial flowering and aquatic plants (Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Ludwigia sp. and Lagarosiphon major). Over 90% of alien species currently recorded in France had no costs reported in the literature, resulting in high biases in taxonomic, regional and activity sector coverages. To conclude, we report alarming costs and even more alarming knowledge gaps. Our results should raise awareness of the importance of biosecurity and biosurveillance in France, and beyond, as well as the crucial need for better reporting and documentation of cost data.
Economic costs of invasive alien species in Spain
Authors: Angulo Elena , Ballesteros-Mejia Liliana , Novoa Ana , Duboscq-Carra Virginia G. , Diagne Christophe , Courchamp Franck
Published: July 2021

Economic assessments for invasive alien species (IAS) are an urgent requirement for informed decision-making, coordinating and motivating the allocation of economic and human resources for the management of IAS. We searched for economic costs of IAS occurring in Spain, by using the InvaCost database and requesting data to regional governments and national authorities, which resulted in over 3,000 cost entries. Considering only robust data (i.e. excluding extrapolated, potential (not-incurred or expected) and low reliability costs), economic costs in Spain were estimated at US$ 261 million (€ 232 million) from 1997 to 2022. There was an increase from US$ 4 million per year before 2000 to US$ 15 million per year in the last years (from € 4 to 13 million). Robust data showed that most reported costs of IAS in Spain (> 90%) corresponded to management costs, while damage costs were only found for 2 out of the 174 species with reported costs. Economic costs relied mostly on regional and inter-regional administrations that spent 66% of costs in post-invasion management actions, contrary to all international guidelines, which recommend investing more in prevention. Regional administrations unequally reported costs. Moreover, 36% of the invasive species, reported to incur management costs, were not included in national or European regulations (i.e. Black Lists), suggesting the need to review these policies; besides, neighbouring regions seem to manage different groups of species. We suggest the need of a national lead agency to effectively coordinate actions, facilitate communication and collaboration amongst regional governments, national agencies and neighbouring countries. This will motivate the continuity of long-lasting management actions and the increase in efforts to report IAS costs by regional and inter-regional managers which will adequately provide information for future budgets gaining management effectiveness.
First synthesis of the economic costs of biological invasions in Japan
Authors: Watari Yuya , Komine Hirotaka , Angulo Elena , Diagne Christophe , Ballesteros-Mejia Liliana , Courchamp Franck
Published: July 2021

Despite the large body of knowledge recognising the impact of biological invasions on biodiversity, their economic impact has been less evaluated. However, the associated economic costs ought to provide useful information on many different aspects to prevent and manage invasions. Here, we describe the economic costs of biological invasions in Japan using InvaCost, a recently-published global database on monetary costs extracted from English and non-English sources, as well as a complementary search, thereby filling a gap in regional knowledge. We focused on the following four dimensions when analysing the economic costs of biological invasions: damage to biodiversity, damage to human livelihood, management for biodiversity and management for human livelihood. Interestingly, there was no information about biological invasion costs for Japan in English, but the Japanese search and our additional survey provided a total of 630 cost entries, with a total economic cost of 728 million USD (2017 value, equivalent to 62 billion JPY). These entries appeared in 33 documents and corresponded to a total of 54 species. We showed that: 1) damage costs from biological invasions tend not to be assessed as frequently as management costs and are more underestimated; 2) despite the numerous entries, an overwhelmingly limited amount of the management budget was allocated to biodiversity conservation compared to protecting human livelihood; 3) budgets have been intensively invested in invasive species management on small islands, which reflects the vulnerability of small island ecosystems and economies to biological invasions; 4) the recorded costs still seem to be greatly underestimated, mainly due to the lack of recording (and potentially limited access to recorded cost information). These findings are not only specific to Japan, but may also be widely applicable to most other countries. The future recording of economic costs will help to close the gap between actual and recorded costs, leading to more realistic guidelines for tackling biological invasions.
Quitting (The) Habit: Fossil Fuels, Governmentality and the Politics of Energy Dependency
Authors: Szeman Imre
Published: July 2021

This paper investigates habit in relation to fossil-fuel dependency. Habit names sets of actions and practices that are deeply codified into daily life, including practices connected to the use of large amounts of energy. Developing an understanding of energy habits appears to constitute
a possible site of intervention into the ongoing use of fossil fuels. I argue that by tending to focus on individual energy practices, habit makes it difficult to raise larger, systemic questions related to energy use. Indeed, more critical explorations of habit, such as practice theory or
via Bourdieu's notion of habitus, emphasise the need to attend to system more than specific energy habits. Investigating habit in relation to energy does, however, reveal some of the current limits and problems involved in changing fossil-fuel dependency on the part of many states.
The paper turns to an investigation of the operations of governmentality in relation to energy to show the multiple ways in which the contemporary configuration of state power makes it unable to fully attend to fossil-fuel dependency. Making small changes to energy use via changes to energy
habit never results in the system change required. While habit can thus be a useful analytic tool in understanding state power in relation to energy use, the paper argues that it is not a mechanism through which one might fundamentally change current configurations of energy dependency.
Liberalism's Opiate Subjectivity: Dependency, Edinburgh and Enlightenment
Authors: Gardiner Michael
Published: July 2021

This essay suggests that British liberalism itself has an addictive core. It describes opiates as a particular carrier of this addiction, and follows them from the Edinburgh-based opium trade of the early nineteenth century to their rebound in the Edinburgh of the 1980s. Opiates are
such a telling carrier of British liberal authority because they take on a dual historiographical and physical role, affirming both the rise of individual ownership and the understanding of that individual through an addictive self-interest. An accompaniment to and analogue for British globalisation,
opiates show how entrepreneurship and dependency have been bound together. This essay describes how a hardening of Scottish Enlightenment ideas in the early nineteenth-century expansion of opium was echoed in the late twentieth century, as liberalism reformed for the post-industrial economy
and Edinburgh reabsorbed the combined 'dependency-entrepreneurship'. Both the 1830s opium that extended the reach of British liberal values and the 1980s heroin that accompanied post-industrial decline have their own heroic smuggling, virtuous entrepreneurialism, and 'property progressivism'.
Both demand the reform of personal time in economic terms, first in a kind of Smithian productivity, second in a relentless search for opportunity against a background of mass unemployment. An opiate neoliberalism, moreover, becomes paradigmatic for the financialisation of personal relationships
we experience in the twenty-first century, and the normalness of progressive pseudo-communities joined in individual self-interest. A number of dramas of the 1980s Edinburgh epidemic realise this, exposing the debilitation underside in virtuous progressive self-interest, and returning to the
foundations of Scottish Enlightenment and British liberalism as a whole. Of these dramas, this essay returns to Shoot for the Sun (1986), Trainspotting (1993) and Looking After Jojo (1998), and asks what opiate entrepreneurialism says about our own ongoing 'historiographical
addiction'.
Effect of extraction condition on technological properties of protein from Protaetia brevitarsis larvae
Authors: Kim T. -K. , Yong H. I. , Jang H. W. , Jung S. , Choi Y. S.
Published: July 2021

Alternative food sources are garnering increasing interest owing to overpopulation and environmental stresses. Edible insects are a promising alternative protein source. In this study, we evaluated the effect of pH and NaCl concentration on the quality and technical properties of extracted Protaetia brevitarsis protein. Nine different solutions were used to extract edible insect protein (pH 1, 4, 7, 10, and 14 and 0, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 M NaCl). The pH of the extracted protein increased with increasing pH (1.12±0.02 to 12.81±0.03) and decreasing NaCl concentration (6.52±0.02 to 6.89±0.01). Colour difference increased when deviating from neutral pH and 0 M NaCl. Further, surface hydrophobicity (μg) and solubility (mg/ml) of the protein decreased at pH 1 (12.25±1.39 μg and 0.74±0.08 mg/ml) and 14 (20.62±1.48 μg and 0.18±0.02 mg/ml) compared with pH 7 (71.81±1.76 μg and 1.26±0.22 mg/ml). Higher pH and NaCl concentrations yielded higher thermal stability. Foaming capacity was the highest at 0.5 (110.5±0.71%) and 1 M (100.5±10.61%) NaCl, and pH 14 (122.5±3.54%), followed by that at pH 1 (72.50±3.54%), although with low stability. Furthermore, emulsifying capacity and stability of the protein increased when deviating from pH 4. Therefore, the protein of P. brevitarsis had high functionality when extracted at highly alkaline conditions using NaCl.
Aflatoxin contamination in maize: occurrence and health implications in Latin America
Authors: Ponce-García N. , Palacios-Rojas N. , Serna-Saldivar S. O. , García-Lara S.
Published: July 2021

According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation, mycotoxicoses constitute the second most pressing food safety problem worldwide, with most cases occurring in developing countries. Maize (Zea mays L.), the main staple for many Latin Americans, is one of the best suitable substrates for mycotoxigenicAspergillus fungi. Aflatoxins (AFs) produced primarily byAspergillus flavus, are of significant concern, especially in developing countries. While AFs production occurs mainly in warmer, tropical, and subtropical environments, recent evidence suggests that global climate change favours their presence in regions with little or no awareness of this issue. AFs interfere with metabolic processes, causing cancer and other health disorders resulting in health hazards and even death. The setting of national acceptable regulatory levels of AFs is necessary for Latin American countries. Unfortunately, no estimates of the economic impact of AFs in this region are currently available nor the cost of regulatory programs designed to reduce health risks to animals and humans. This review explores relevant data about incidence of AFs in maize produced in the region and the adverse effects of the consumption of contaminated foods and the associated health consequences for Latin American consumers. Regulations aimed to mitigate AFs exposure to consumers are also reviewed and identified gaps for researchers and actors of the maize value chain are also proposed.
Aflatoxin B1 contamination of feedstuff on a dairy farm in Northern Peru and aflatoxin M1 concentrations in raw milk
Authors: Salazar I. , López I. , Glorio-Paulet P. , Gomez C.
Published: July 2021

Research regarding aflatoxin contamination levels in Peru is limited, although aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) require surveillance because of their toxicity. European regulations state that the harmonised maximum level (ML) is 5 μg/kg for AFB1 in feedstuffs and 0.05 μg/kg for AFM1 in milk. Our study aimed to determine the annual variation levels of AFB1 in ingredients used in feedstuffs for dairy cows and those of AFM1 in milk at a typical intensive dairy farm in Northern Peru. For 1 year, milk (n=529) and feedstuff samples (n=235) were collected and aflatoxin levels were determined using a lateral flow immunoassay. We found that 16% of milk samples had AFM1 contamination above the ML. AFM1 level was significantly higher (P<0.05) in December (end of spring) than that in all other months. Throughout the year, the most used feedstuffs were maize, soybean meal and whole soybean. Among the maize samples (n=77), 2.59% had an AFB1 level above the ML, whereas 45% had an AFB1 level below the ML. On the other hand, neither the soybean meal (n=69) nor whole soybean samples (n=64) had an AFB1 level above the ML, 46.4 and 20%, respectively. In 50% (n=10) of cottonseed meal samples, AFB1 level was above the ML; in 20% of wheat middling samples, it was above the ML. Cottonseed and wheat middling samples were used for 2 and 5 months, respectively. AFB1 level in feedstuff showed a significant difference in December (P<0.05) compared with other months, specifically for maize and soybean meal. As the AFM1 level in milk results from AFB1 contaminated feedstuff, our results emphasise the need to implement specific quality measures to reduce contamination.
The Elements of Engagement Framework to Improve Organizational Uptake of Evidence-Based Practice
Authors: Montpetit Alison J. , Bleich Michael R.
Published: July 2021

Considerable time, money, and training efforts in organizations have been spent advancing evidence-based practice (EBP). Adding science to clinical decision making is profound, yet organizational strategies to ensure mainstream use of EBP as a return on the training investment is sparse. The Elements of Engagement Framework addresses organizational dynamics: emotion, engagement, energy, expectations, and execution to normalize implementation of EBP within the organizational culture.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2021;52(8):355–358.]
Improving Patients' Early Mobility Through Innovative Interprofessional Education Using Educational Neuroscience Theory
Authors: Chan Garrett K. , Guo Ningning , Goyena James P. , Schmidt Kiely , Shannon Angela
Published: July 2021

Ambulation is one of the most frequently reported components of unfinished nursing care, yet early mobilization can prevent patient deconditioning. This project was designed as an interprofessional mobility training program by using educational neuroscience theory to engage learners in appreciating the need for early ambulation and change behaviors. This article reviews one initiative that incorporated neuroscience and learning science in the teaching methodologies to achieve high rates of successful educational outcomes.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2021;52(8):362–366.]
Evaluation of a Point-of-Care Ultrasound Educational Program for Nurse Educators
Authors: Matsumoto Masaru , Tamai Nao , Miura Yuka , Okawa Yohei , Yoshida Mikako , Igawa Yasuhiko , Nakagami Gojiro , Sanada Hiromi
Published: July 2021

Background:

The effectiveness of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) for nurses has been demonstrated; however, only a limited number of nurses have been trained to perform POCUS. This article reports on a POCUS train-the-trainer program for nurse educators that targets lower urinary track dysfunction.

Method:

Nurse educators (
n
= 38) were invited to participate in a POCUS train-the-trainer program, which comprised an e-learning module and a hands-on seminar. Acquisition of knowledge and skills were assessed after the module and seminar, respectively.

Results:

Questions from the “Basic Knowledge of Ultrasonography” test were answered correctly at a rate of 93.0% (
SD
, 8.5%). Measured values of bladder urinary volume using ultrasonography were in close agreement with actual values. All of the participants indicated that the program covered the content necessary to use in practice.

Conclusion:

The POCUS train-the-trainer program equips nurse educators with the knowledge and skills needed for training nurses at their institutions.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs
. 2021;52(8):375–381.]
Graduate Nurse Transition Programs Pivotal Point of Participants' Practice Readiness Questioned During the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis: A Scoping Review
Authors: Russell Kylie , Juliff Dianne
Published: July 2021

Background:

The COVID-19 pandemic requires an accessible, practice-ready nursing workforce to assist with the increase in health service delivery. Graduate nurse transition programs are the entry point for most graduates into professional practice, and this review focused on both empirical studies and gray literature to identify at what point practice readiness occurs and what can assist graduate nurses' transition to become practice ready.

Method:

A scoping review was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review framework.

Results:

Consensus purports supportive environments, ideally in formal structured graduate transition to practice programs, to enhance graduate nurses' clinical skills and confidence development. With nursing confidence and competence gained through professional practice experience, it is apparent that for a sustainable nursing workforce, greater access for graduating nurses to transition programs is imperative.

Conclusion:

Recommendations include restructuring transition programs with possible time reductions, limited rotations, comprehensive orientations inclusive of preceptorship, and dedicated educators to increase and enhance supportive graduate nurse transitions.

[
J Contin Educ Nurs.
2021;52(8):392–396.]
Statistical inference in functional semiparametric spatial autoregressive model
Authors: Liu Gaosheng ,   School of Sciences, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin, 300134, China, Bai Yang ,   School of Statistics and Management, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai 200433, China
Published: July 2021

Semiparametric spatial autoregressive model has drawn great attention since it allows mutual dependence in spatial form and nonlinear effects of covariates. However, with development of scientific technology, there exist functional covariates with high dimensions and frequencies containing rich information. Based on high-dimensional covariates, we propose an interesting and novel functional semiparametric spatial autoregressive model. We use B-spline basis function to approximate the slope function and nonparametric function and propose generalized method of moments to estimate parameters. Under certain regularity conditions, the asymptotic properties of the proposed estimators are obtained. The estimators are computationally convenient with closed-form expression. For slope function and nonparametric function estimators, we propose the residual-based approach to derive its pointwise confidence interval. Simulation studies show that the proposed method performs well.
On fuzzy Volterra-Fredholm integrodifferential equation associated with Hilfer-generalized proportional fractional derivative
Authors: Rashid Saima ,   Department of Mathematics, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan, Jarad Fahd , Abualnaja Khadijah M. ,   Department of Mathematics, Çankaya University, Ankara, Turkey,   Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan,   Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Taif University, P. O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
Published: July 2021

This investigation communicates with an initial value problem (IVP) of Hilfer-generalized proportional fractional ($ \mathcal{GPF} $) differential equations in the fuzzy framework is deliberated. By means of the Hilfer-$ \mathcal{GPF} $ operator, we employ the methodology of successive approximation under the generalized Lipschitz condition. Based on the proposed derivative, the fractional Volterra-Fredholm integrodifferential equations $ (\mathcal{FVFIE}s) $ via generalized fuzzy Hilfer-$ \mathcal{GPF} $ Hukuhara differentiability ($ \mathcal{HD} $) having fuzzy initial conditions are investigated. Moreover, the existence of the solution is proposed by employing the fixed-point formulation. The uniqueness of the solution is verified. Furthermore, we derived the equivalent form of fuzzy $ \mathcal{FVFIE}s $ which is supposed to demonstrate the convergence of this group of equations. Two appropriate examples are presented for illustrative purposes.
Near-optimal control and threshold behavior of an avian influenza model with spatial diffusion on complex networks
Authors: Ren Keguo ,   School of Mathematics and Information Science, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China, Li Xining , Zhang Qimin ,   School of Mathematics and Statistics, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
Published: July 2021

Near-optimization is as sensible and important as optimization for both theory and applications. This paper concerns the near-optimal control of an avian influenza model with saturation on heterogeneous complex networks. Firstly, the basic reproduction number $ \mathcal{R}_{0} $ is defined for the model, which can be used to govern the threshold dynamics of influenza disease. Secondly, the near-optimal control problem was formulated by slaughtering poultry and treating infected humans while keeping the loss and cost to a minimum. Thanks to the maximum condition of the Hamiltonian function and the Ekeland's variational principle, we establish both necessary and sufficient conditions for the near-optimality by several delicate estimates for the state and adjoint processes. Finally, a number of examples presented to illustrate our theoretical results.
Improvements on overdetermined problems associated to the $ p $-Laplacian
Authors: Greco Antonio ,   Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Cagliari, Italy, Pisanu Francesco ,   Department of Computer Science, University Paris 13, France
Published: July 2021

This work presents some improvements on related papers that investigate certain overdetermined problems associated to elliptic quasilinear operators. Our model operator is the $ p $-Laplacian. Under suitable structural conditions, and assuming that a solution exists, we show that the domain of the problem is a ball centered at the origin. Furthermore we discuss a convenient form of comparison principle for this kind of problems.