bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Daya Antibakteri Ekstrak Minyak Atsiri Temulawak (Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.) terhadap Pertumbuhan Streptococcus viridans
Authors: Mirza Salsabilla Milatul , Lestari Pujiana Endah , Nugroho Raditya
Published: June 2023

Streptococcus viridans is one of the microorganisms found in root canals. The infection caused by S. viridans can cause an inflammatory response that will cause damage to the root canal. Infections in the root canal can be treated with root canal treatment. In the disinfection stage, a sterilization material is needed, one of which is Cresophene. However, certain people have an allergy to cresophene. Therefore, it is necessary to develop new drug options. Development of natural ingredients for alternative root canal sterilization drugs for patients who are hypersensitive to cresophene and have antibacterial effects with minimal side effects, one of which is essential oil extract of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. Essential oil extract of C. xanthorrhiza Roxb contains xanthorrhizol, camphene and curcumin which are antibacterial compounds. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of temulawak essential oil extracts on the growth of S. viridans. Temulawak is extracted using the steam and air distillation method. Inhibition test was carried out using the disc diffusion method. The concentration of essential oil extract of C. xanthorrhiza Roxb used were 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%. The research data were statictically analyzed using SPSS with the Kruskal Wallis test. The average inhibition zone diameters at concentration of 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% is 0 mm, 8,22 mm, 12,16 mm, and 16,1 mm. Data anaylisis using Kruskal Wallis showed a significance value of 0,00 (p<0,05), which means that it has a significant difference. Essential oil extract of C. xanthorrhiza Roxb has antibacterial activity against S. viridans.
„Desuetudo” a formalne rozumienie idei państwa prawnego
Authors: Wiecha Jakub
Published: June 2023

Celem artykułu jest zarysowanie relacji desuetudo, rozumianej przede wszystkim jako derogacja nieaktualnej normy, mimo że formalnie norma ta obowiązuje i pozostaje elementem systemu prawa, do formalnego rozumienia idei państwa prawnego. W toku rozważań desuetudo jest kolejno analizowane na tle sześciu postulatów formalnych idei państwa prawnego. Wyniki analizy pozwalają wykazać, że jedynie przesłanki desuetudo dają się względnie pogodzić z praworządnością, kiedy inne elementy z nią kolidują.
Ethnolinguistic features of advertising texts of Kalmykia in Russian lan-guage
Authors: Salynova Olga V.
Published: June 2023

The study is devoted to the identification of ethno-linguistic features and the study of their functioning in Russian-language advertising texts and posters in Kalmykia. The question of the origin of the ethnonym “Kalmyk” is considered, it is noted that the Kalmyk ethnos has several ethnonyms: Kalmyk, Khalmg, Ulan Zalata Khalmg, the functioning of ethnonymic derivatives (“Kalmykia”, “Kalmyk”, “Kalmyk/Kalmychka”) and ethno-marked vocabulary in advertising texts are studied and posters of Kalmykia. Descriptive and linguoculturological methods are used, as well as the method of quantitative calculations. The frequent use of the ethnotoponym “Kalmykia” and the ethnonymous adjective “Kalmyk” is revealed, the use of which attracts the addressee's attention, inspires confidence and encourages him to purchase a product or service. In advertising texts, the national flavor is noted, expressed through lexical ethnomarkers, their positive impact on the addressee is described. National-precedent phenomena are found that convey the key concepts of national culture and national consciousness. The precedent nature of Kalmyk tea and its special significance in the Kalmyk linguistic culture are emphasized. The results of the study make some contribution to the study of ethnolinguistics and can be used in the preparation and teaching of the courses “Ethnolinguistics”, “linguoculturology”.
The concept of soft skills in pedagogical discourse (on the material of the English language)
Authors: Khudanyan Anait N.
Published: June 2023

The problems of conceptualizing soft skills in English are considered. The purpose of the study is to assess the importance of revealing the content of the concept of soft skills in the modern world, on the one hand, and on the other hand, to emphasize the importance of including this concept in pedagogical discourse in order to form and activate the concept under study in the minds of students. The analysis of works describing the essence of the concept as a linguo-cognitive phenomenon and the typology of concepts was carried out; the main structural characteristics of the studied concept in the English language, revealed on the basis of the method of conceptual and definitional analysis, are given. So, the following characteristics are distinguished: types of soft skills, scope of soft skills, purpose of using soft skills, result of using soft skills, source of soft skills, form of expression of soft skills, level of development of soft skills. Each characteristic has several sub-characteristics. In addition to the issue of conceptualization, the topic of pedagogical discourse is also considered. The definitions of discourse proposed by different scientists are studied. It is important to note that the above problems are not considered in parallel, but precisely with the aim of linking them in the context of pedagogical activity. It is concluded that the results of the study can be applied by teachers in the process of the conceptual architecture of the consciousness of the student’s personality.
Emanation of L. Tolstoy’s “folk thought” in the work of B. Okudzhava
Authors: Ivanov Evgeniy E.
Published: June 2023

The issue of the axiological role of Russian literature in creating the humanitarian image of Russia is focused. Attention is focused on the seeming incompatibility of pacifist views and positions of the unconditional need to defend the Motherland in the Patriotic Wars. The positions of L. Tolstoy and B. Okudzhava on this issue are compared in the light of the concept of the synthetic theory of P.N. Sakulin, which determines the continuity of ideas in culture. The diachronic differences in the formation of the image of the Russian people as a defender of their land at the cost of self-sacrifice are analyzed. The meaning of the concept of “people” in different periods of historical time and its refraction in a changing social context are problematized. In this regard, a spiritual invariant is fixed, which retains its role in culture from A.S. Pushkin to the present day. Based on the texts of B. Okudzhava’s poems, the solution of the contradictions between pacifism, the rejection of war and the defense of the fatherland as a modus of saving the “land” from universal evil, which is not tied to any particular nation, is substantiated. It has been established that L. Tolstoy metaphorizes the people-defender in the image of a bee swarm – in a dynamic quality, while B. Okudzhava presents the same idea in a monolithic-phytomorphic form of a tree-like “growing” into the ground. It is proved that Russia is depicted in its natural right, and the natural right to protect the habitat from violent invasion determines the humanitarian image of Russia. The all-human pathos of denial of aggression in the work of these authors is emphasized.
Uzbek mentality in fictional work as a national culture source
Authors: Ishniyazova Shaxnoza A.
Published: June 2023

The story of the people's writer of Uzbekistan Murod Tagai “Twilight when the horse neighed” is considered in the aspect of the opposition of linguistic features “concreteness – creativity”. We establish that when comprehending a fictional work, attention should be paid to the world image of the writer, a reflection of his “national spirit”, that the artistic (writer’s) linguistic personality is a special type of linguistic personality with a specific semantic structure of national consciousness. This fact allows us to assert that the artistic picture of the world as the author's refraction of the collective reflection of the world in the ethno-cultural consciousness, in particular the Uzbek language community, reflects the implementation of the labeled opposition “creativity”. Within the framework of the attribute “creative nature of knowledge”, the aesthetic purpose of the language is reflected. It is substantiated that the linguistic picture of the world is objectified by the national nominative vocabulary, while the artistic picture of the world of the writer is represented by mental imagery – units of secondary nomination, which include comparisons, metaphors, metonymy, epithets and other elements of artistic consciousness. It is proved that those linguistic signs, which are based on mental ethnic generalizations of reality – national images and stereotypes, which form a kind of sphere of existence of the Uzbek mentality and national culture, acquire special significance in a fictional text.
RELEVANSI PEDOMAN STANDAR AKUNTANSI KEUANGAN (PSAK) NO. 30 DENGAN HUKUM ISLAM
Authors: Hasibuan Abdul Nasser
Published: June 2023

Tujuan yang hendak dicapai dalam penelitian ini untuk melihat relevansi PSAK No.30 tentang leasing dalam hukum Islam, dimana pada leasing itu terdapat dua bentuk muamalah yang berbeda dalam satu proses yang bersamaan yaitu sewa sekaligus jual-beli. Sumber utama dari jurnal ini adalah Kajian literature. Penulis Mengambil kesimpulan Ada beberapa hal dalam leasing yang tidak sesuai dengan syari’at Islam. Oleh karena itu, perlu ada muamalah alternatif yang manfaat dan kegunaannya sama, serta legal menurut syari’at Islam. Alternatif dimaksud adalah al bai’ bid dain (jual-beli dengan hutang) yang salah satu turunannya adalah bai’ bitsaman ajil. Dari kasus yang ada, seringnya klausul dari perjanjian tidak dibaca secara cermat atau malah konsumen kebanyakan asal tanda tangan yang sering menimbulkan multitafsir, sehingga tahu-tahu kenderaaan bermotor yang sudah dikredit diambil paksa, karena dianggap sudah mengingkari perjanjian. Sedangkan pengakuan dan pencataan dalam PSAK no. 30 sudah sesuai dan tidak menyalahi dengan hukum Islam dan tidak ada ghoror didalamnya.
AKSI UNJUK RASA BELA ISLAM DI INDONESIA PADA KASUS AHOK DALAM PERSPEKTIF MAQASHID AL-SYARI’AH
Authors: Rahman Ryan Arief , Sahidin Amir , Nazahah Inayah
Published: June 2023

Aksi unjuk rasa adalah berkumpulnya sekelompok orang di sebuah tempat atau jalan guna menyuarakan pendapat, hujjah dan tuntutan yang mereka harapkan realisasinya. Ia merupakan perkara yang masih menyimpan perbedaan pendapat di kalangan ulama. Hal ini berimplikasi pada perbedaan pendapat dalam masyarakat Indonesia. Perbedaan pendapat tersebut berkisar pada boleh atau tidaknya aksi unjuk rasa. Sehingga masyarakat menjadi dilema ketika dihadapkan pada pelaksanaan aksi tersebut. Berdasarkan hal ini, maka dibutuhkan sebuah praktek analisis hukum berbasis maqashid al-syari’ah guna mencapai pemahaman hukum yang utuh. Penelitian ini menggunkan jenis penelitian pustaka (library research). Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa hukum aksi unjuk rasa bela Islam di Indonesia, khususnya pada kasus ahok adalah boleh. Bahkan hukum tersebut dapat berubah menjadi fardhu kifayah guna menjaga eksistensi hifdzu al-din. Yaitu sebagai bentuk amar makruf nahi munkar dan wasilah menegakkan agama. Ia bukan bidah karena termasuk dalam kategori maslahah mursalah. Ia juga bukan pemberontakan karena ia adalah ajang menyuarakan aspirasi.
CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS OF MAQÃSHID SYARI’AH ABDUL ATHÎ AND THE IMPLICATIONS IN RESPONDING TO THE SOCIAL PHENOMENON OF TA’ARRUF ONLINE
Authors: Supriadi, Udin , Hermawan Wawan , Nugraha Risris Hari , Fajar Islamy Mohammad Rindu
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study is to explore the conceptual Maqãshid Syari’ah developed by an Egyptian fiqh expert Muhammad Abdul Athî Muhammad Ali, and its implications in reconstructing fiqh as an effort to respond to the symptoms of new social phenomena in today’s society. Recently, there have been many community social activities labeled as Islam, but at the practical level, they are indicated to be contrary to the principles of Islamic teachings. One of these phenomena is Ta’arruf online, where Ta’arruf has become a new lifestyle for some Muslims, especially those who have just made the hijrah process. However, this phenomenon is alleged to be another method to get a partner to marry quickly, which the Ikhwan (male) uses to trick the Akhwat (women) who vent their lust or lust. The theory developed by Abdul Athî, a senior scholar at Al-Azhar University in Egypt, attempts to reconstruct the thinking paradigm of the millennial generation in viewing online ta’arruf as a symptom of a social phenomenon. The limited understanding of the millennial generation towards religion sometimes triggers and gives birth to new problems. Through a library study of his main work entitled Al-Maqãshid Al-Syar’iyyah wa Atsãruhã fî Al-Fiqh Al-Islãmî and several other works as well as data analysis by Miles and Huberman, the results show thatIn the perspective of Al-Athi’s maqãshid Sharia, producing a fiqh law today must be built with the principle of prudence, supported by an in-depth study of the condition of society, so that a clear fiqh rule is born that can solve solutions, not problems.
AN ANALYSIS OF THE UTILIZATION OF ZAKAH IN CONTROLLING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC PERSPECTIVE OF MAQASHID SHARIA AT AMIL ZAKAT INSTITUTION IN PAMEKASAN REGENCY
Authors: Rahman Taufiqur , Ma'adi Alan Su'ud
Published: June 2023

The focus of this research is to examine the utilization of zakat in controlling the covid-19 pandemic which is analyzed through the maqashid sharia approach in BAZNAS and LAZISMU Pamekasan Regency.This research includes field research that uses qualitative methods with qualitative descriptive research properties. The method of data collection using interviews, observation and documentation. Then the primary and secondary data obtained were analyzed using qualitative data analysis with three processes, namely data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing.The results of this study that the utilization of zakat in the Amil Zakat Agency (Baznas) and Lazismu Kab. Pamekasan plays a role in controlling the Covid-19 pandemic in Pamekasan Regency by distributing it to three sectors: First, Health, Second, Economy, Third, Education in the form of consumptive and productive. Then the role of its utilization has been in accordance with the objectives of the stipulation of zakat in the aspects of worship and the economy that reaches maqashid sharia.
THE INFLUENCE OF HALAL SOCIALIZATION AND BUSINESS CAPITAL ON INTEREST OF HALAL CERTIFICATION IN SURABAYA MSMES
Authors: Anggraeni Cantik Siska , Anwar Moch. Khoirul
Published: June 2023

MSMEs in East Java have not fully obtained halal certification. Even though regulations regarding the obligation to obtain halal certification for MSMEs have been stipulated. UMKM Surabaya itself still has not reached 50% who pocketed halal certification. MSMEs do not fully understand the regulations and procedures for administering halal certification. Therefore, the government should try to provide facilities that make it easy for MSMEs to take care of halal certification. This study intends to determine the effect of halal socialization and business capital on the Interest in halal certification for UMKM in Surabaya City. The independent variable of this study consisted of two variables, namely halal socialization and venture capital, while the dependent variable of this study, namely the Interest in halal certification for UMKM in Surabaya City. This study was compiled using a quantitative method through a sample of 100 respondents. The questionnaires were distributed using a Likert scale on halal socialization and business capital. This study showed that the variables of halal socialization and business capital affected the Interest in halal certification for UMKM in Surabaya City. As for the test results of the coefficient of determination (R Square), it was found that the variables of halal socialization and business capital have a simultaneous effect of 71.4% on the Interest in halal certification for UMKM in Surabaya City.
Similarities of Interspecies Transmission of Canine Distemper Virus Infection in Wild Raccoons (Procyon lotor)
Authors: Stancu Adrian Constantin , Voia Octavian Sorin , Boldura Oana Maria , Pasca Sorin Aurelian , Luca Iasmina , Hulea Anca S. , Ivan Oana Roxana , Dragoescu Andreea , Lungu Bianca Cornelia , Hutu Ioan
Published: June 2023

Canine distemper virus (CDV) is a serious contagious disease of canines, cats and sometimes ra-coons. The study included seven raccoons from Timisoara Zoo. The detection of CDV in all raccoons was accomplished using qRT-PCR, but several other exams were also conducted. Clinically, severe digestive disorders were observed, characterized by diarrhea and repeated hematemesis. Pseudomembranous gastroenteritis, congestion and pulmonary edema were found during the ne-cropsy of two racoons. Immunohistochemically, the brown color was highlighted in the examined sectionsand it was present in the cytoplasm of the cells from the germinal centers of the medullary area. Histopathological examination revealed lymphocyte depletion and intranuclear and intracy-toplasmic inclusions in the intestine. Based on the qRT-PCR assay, laboratory tests and lesions ob-served, it was established that the raccoons got infected with CDV, and two of them died as a result. The necropsy, histological lesions and immunohistochemical results are comparable between dogs and racoons. Through the results obtained, it was concluded that the interspecific infection is possible and the epidemiological risk of infection transmitted by racoons to domestic animals, such as dogs and cats, needs to be examined in the future.
Microstructure Evaluation of Fly Ash Geopolymers Alkali-Activated by Binary Composite Activators
Authors: Zhao Jiangping , Wang Yachao
Published: June 2023

An attempt to investigate the effect of binary composite activators on the microstructure of fly ash-based geopolymers is conducted through the comparison of 24 experiments, which consisted of Na2SiO3•9H2O, Na2CO3, K2CO3, NaOH, and KOH through a facile preparation technique. The results show that the activator of Na2SiO3•9H2O+KOH presents the highest mechanical strength, due to the synergy activation between the inherent ≡Si-O-Si≡ chains derived from Na2SiO3 and K+’s catalysis. It reveals that the K+ plays a crucial role in Na2SiO3-activated fly ash geopolymer, which is the rate-determining step of the enhanced crosslinking and propagation of N-(C)-A-S-H chains, leading to an increase in weight loss temperatures of specimens from TG/DTG results. Furthermore, the adding silica fume facilitates as-formed amorphous silicates, which also could fill into the pores of N-(C)-A-S-H amorphous gels and present a uniform and compact morphology, leading to an increase in the pore volume of the pore diameter less than 100 nm. It explores an efficient and cost-effective preparation of fly ash-based geopolymer for developing solid-waste recycling techniques.
Answer Code Validation Program with Test Data Generation for Code Writing Problem in Java Programming Learning Assistant System
Authors: Wai Khaing Hsu , Funabiki Nobuo , Aung Soe Thandar , Lu Xiqin , Jing Yanhui , Kyaw Htoo Htoo Sandi , Kao Wen-Chung
Published: June 2023

To assist Java programming learning of novice students, we have developed the web-based Java programming learning assistant system (JPLAS). JPLAS provides several types of exercise problems to cultivate code reading/writing skills at various levels. In JPLAS, the code writing problem (CWP) asks a student to write a source code that will pass the test code given in the assignment where the correctness is verified by running them on JUnit. In this paper, to reduce the teacher load at marking process, we present the answer code validation program that verifies all the source codes from a lot of students for each assignment at a time and reports the number of passing tests for each source code in the CSV file. Besides, to test a source code with various input data, we implement the test data generation algorithm that identifies the data type, generates a new data, and replaces it for each test data in the test code. Furthermore, to verify the correctness of the implemented procedure in the source code, we introduce the intermediate state testing in the test code. For evaluations, we applied the proposal to source codes and test codes in a Java programming course in Okayama university, Japan, and confirmed the validity and effectiveness.
An Improved Doppler-Aided Smoothing Code Algorithm for Bds-2/Bds-3 Un-geo Satellites in Consideration of Satellite Code Bias
Authors: Gao Xiao , Ma Zongfang , Jia Luxiao , Pan Lin
Published: June 2023

The extensive use of carrier-aided smoothing code (CSC) filter has led to reduce the noise level of raw code measurements in GNSS positioning and navigation applications. However, the existing CSC technique is sensitive to the changes of the integer ambiguity and then the smoothing proce-dure needs to be restarted in the presence of cycle-slips. As the Doppler shift is instantaneous ob-servation and immune to cycle-slips, Doppler-aided smoothing code (DSC) algorithm would be more promising in challenged environment. Based on the Hatch-filter, an optimal DSC approach is proposed with the principle of minimum variance. Meanwhile, to inhibit the effect of integral cumulative error of Doppler, a balance factor is adopted to adjust the contributions of raw code and DSC. The noise level of code observable is not only affected by thermal noise, but also limited by systematic bias. Satellite code bias (SCB) has been identified in the raw code observable on each frequency for each BDS-2 satellite. By minimizing the sum of absolute value of residuals, polyno-mial segment fitting algorithm as a function of elevation-angles is applied to establish the SCB cor-rection model based on epoch-differenced Multipath (MP) deviations. Finally, numerical experi-ments demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the refined DSC filter with SCB corrections on each available frequency for BDS-2 un-GEO satellites.
Epidemiology and Transmission Dynamics of Viral Encephalitis in West Africa
Authors: Akinsulie Olalekan Chris , Adesola Ridwan Olamilekan , Aliyu Victor , Oladapo Ifeoluwa Peace , Hamzat Abdulafees
Published: June 2023

Viral Encephalitis is a significant public health concern globally, especially west Africa. There are more than 500 known arboviruses with over 100 of them identified to cause encephalitic diseases in humans and animals, giving rise to a tremendous burden of the diseases, and socioeconomic strains in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Despite their importance, few effective preventive and control measures in form of vaccines and therapeutics are available and where they are, usage is limited. These limitations are largely hinged on the paucity of information about the molecular epidemiology and transmission patterns of VE in west Africa. Here, we reviewed the transmission dynamics, ecological drivers, and molecular epidemiology of VE in the region. Collectively, timely and accurate interventions are essential for encephalitic viral disease control. Moreover, the integrated health system approach, combining surveillance, vaccination, vector control, and community engagement could be effective in preventing viral encephalitis globally.
Posner’s Theorem and *-Centralizing Derivations on Prime Ideals with Applications
Authors: Ali Shakir , Alsuraiheed Turki M. , Khan Mohammad Salahuddin , Abdioglu Cihat , Ayedh Mohammed , Rafique Naira N.
Published: June 2023

A well-known result of Posner’s second theorem states that if the commutator of each element in a prime ring and its image under a nonzero derivation is central, then the ring is commutative. In the present paper, we extend this bluestocking theorem to an arbitrary ring with involution involving prime ideals. Further, apart from proving several other interesting and exciting results, we establish *-version of Vukman’s theorem [48, Theorem 1]. Precisely, we describe the structure of quotient ring A/L, where A is an arbitrary ring and L is a prime ideal of A. Further, by taking advantage of the *-version of Vukman’s theorem, we show that if a 2-trosion free semiprime ring A with involution admits a nonzero *-centralizing derivation, then A contains a nonzero central ideal. This result is in a spirit of the classical result due to Bell and Martindale [19, Theorem 3]. As the applications, we extends and unify several classical theorems proved in [6],[25,[42], and [48] . Finally, we conclude our paper with a direction for further research.
Vibrational Spectroscopy of Phytochromes
Authors: Hildebrandt Peter
Published: June 2023

Phytochromes are biological photoswitches that translate light into a physiological function. Spec-troscopic techniques are essential tools in molecular research on these photoreceptors. This review is directed to summarize how resonance Raman and IR spectroscopy contributed to the under-standing of structure, dynamics, and reaction mechanism of phytochromes, outlining the substan-tial experimental and theoretical challenges and describing the strategies to master them. It is shown that the potential of the various vibrational spectroscopic techniques can be most efficient-ly exploited in integral approaches by combination with theoretical methods as well as other ex-perimental techniques.
Heyting Locally Small Spaces and Esakia Duality
Authors: Piękosz Artur
Published: June 2023

We develop the theory of Heyting locally small spaces, including Stone-like dualities such as a new version of Esakia duality and a system of concrete isomorphisms and equivalences. In such a way, we continue building tame topology, realising Grothendieck's ideas. We use up-spectral spaces and define the standard up-spectralification of a Kolmogorov locally small space. This research gives more understanding of locally definable spaces over structures with topologies.
Dynamics of Freezing/Thawing Indices and Frozen Ground from 1961 to 2010 on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
Authors: Fang Xuewei , Wang Anqi , Lyu Shihua , Fraedrich Klaus
Published: June 2023

Freezing/thawing indices are important indicators of dynamics of frozen ground on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), especially for areas with limited observations. Based on the numerical outputs of Community Land Surface Model version 4.5 (CLM4.5) from 1961 to 2010, this study compared the spatial and temporal variations between air freezing/thawing indices (2 m above the ground) and ground surface freezing/thawing indices in permafrost and seasonally frozen ground (SFG) across the QTP, after presenting changes of frozen ground distribution in each decade in the context of warming and wetting. The results indicate that an area of 0.60×106 km2 permafrost of QTP degraded to SFG in 1960s-2000s, and the primary shrinkage period occurred in 2000s. The air freezing index (AFI) and ground freezing index (GFI) decreased dramatically at the rates of 71.00℃·d/decade and 34.33℃·d/decade from 1961 to 2010, respectively. In contrast, the air thawing index (ATI) and ground thawing index (GTI) increased strikingly with the values of 48.13℃·d/decade and 40.37℃·d/decade in the past five decades. Permafrost showed more pronounced changes in freezing/thawing indices since 1990s compared to SFG. The changes of thermal regimes in frozen ground shows closely relations to air warming until the late 1990s, especially in 1998 when the QTP has undergone the most progressively warming. However, a sharp increase in the annual precipitation from 1998 seems to take a stronger control role on thermal degradation in frozen ground than the air warming in 2000s. Meanwhile, the prominent vegetation expansion further promotes thermally unstable of frozen ground in this highly wetting period.
Electrochemical Wearable Biosensors and Bioelectronic Devices Based on Hydrogels: Mechanical Properties and Electrochemical Behavior
Authors: Saeidi Mohsen , Chenani Hossein , Orouji Mina , Adel Rastkhiz MahsaSadat , Bolghanabadi Nafiseh , Vakili Shaghayegh , Mohamadnia Zahra , Hatamie Amir , Simchi Abdolreza (Arash)
Published: June 2023

Hydrogel-based wearable electrochemical biosensors (HWEBs) are emerging biomedical devices that have recently received immense interest. The exceptional properties of HWEBs include excellent biocompatibility with hydrophilic nature, high porosity, tailorable permeability, the capability of reliable and accurate detection of disease biomarkers, suitable device-human interface, facile adjustability, and stimuli-responsive to the nanofiller materials. Although the biomimetic three-dimensional hydrogels can immobilize bioreceptors, such as enzymes and aptamers, without any loss in their activities. However, most HWEBs suffer from low mechanical strength and electrical conductivity. Many studies have been performed on emerging electroactive nanofillers, including biomacromolecules, carbon-based materials, and inorganic and organic nanomaterials, to tackle these issues. Non-conductive hydrogels and even conductive hydrogels may be modified by nanofillers as well as redox species. All these modifications have led to the design and development of efficient nanocomposites as electrochemical biosensors. In this review, both conductive-based and non-conductive-based hydrogels derived from natural and synthetic polymers are systematically reviewed. The main synthesis methods and characterization techniques are addressed. The mechanical properties and electrochemical behavior of HWEBs are discussed in detail. Finally, the prospects and potential applications of HWEBs in biosensing, healthcare monitoring, and clinical diagnostics are highlighted.
Biorefinery and Stepwise Strategies for Valorizing Coffee By-products as Bioactive Food Ingredients and Nutraceuticals
Authors: Rebollo-Hernanz Miguel , Aguilera Yolanda , Gil-Ramírez Alicia , Benitez Vanesa , Cañas Silvia , Braojos Cheyenne , Martin-Cabrejas Maria A.
Published: June 2023

Coffee production generates significant amounts of by-products, posing challenges for waste management in the industry. Recent research has revealed that coffee by-products are rich in bioactive compounds suitable to produce functional food ingredients and nutraceuticals. In this review, we explore biorefinery strategies for extracting and utilizing bioactive compounds from coffee by-products, including the production of bio-based chemicals and materials, as well as the extraction of phenolic compounds, antioxidants, and dietary fiber for food applications. We propose a stepwise approach for the development of functional food ingredients and nutraceuticals from coffee by-products, covering the identification of needs, comprehensive characterization, in vitro and in vivo research, unraveling the mechanism of action, food and nutraceutical formulation, sensory analysis, shelf-life stability, scale-up, randomized control trials, and biostatistic and bioinformatic integration. Additionally, we discuss the market potential, regulatory issues, and technological innovation surrounding the commercialization of coffee by-product-based products. Emphasizing the importance of regulatory compliance and sustainability in the coffee industry, this review highlights the potential of coffee by-products to be transformed from waste into valuable functional food ingredients and nutraceuticals, offering a promising avenue for waste reduction and promoting sustainability in the coffee industry.
Analysis of Transcriptomics Data from COVID-19 Patients: Pilot Research
Authors: Hadzega Dominik , Babisova Klaudia , Hyblova Michaela , Sabaka Peter , Janega Pavol , Minarik Gabriel
Published: June 2023

During the infection by SARS-CoV-2, the virus is changing infected host cell into its own factory producing new viral particles. As infection progresses, infected cell undergoes many changes in various pathways. One of the events caused by changes is cytokine storm, which leads to the severe symptoms. In this study, we investigated transcriptomic changes caused by COVID-19 disease using RNA-seq data obtained from COVID-19-positive patients and COVID-19-negative donors. RNA-seq data were collected for the purpose of identification of potential biomarkers associated with a different course of the disease. Here, the first datasets of 96 samples were analyzed to validate the methods. The aim of this publication is to report pilot results. In search of potential biomarkers associated with different disease severity, we performed differential expression analysis of human transcriptome, focusing on COVID-19 positivity and symptom severity. Since we detected plenty of potential biomarkers, we performed KEGG enrichment analysis to get better view of altered pathways. Results show, that affected were pathways related to immune processes and response to infection, also multiple signaling pathways, while most of them were also reported to be influenced by SARS-CoV-2 infection in previous studies.
A Surprisal-Based Greedy Heuristic for the Set Covering Problem
Authors: Adamo Tommaso , Ghiani Gianpaolo , Guerriero Emanuela , Pareo Deborah
Published: June 2023

In this paper we exploit concepts from Information Theory to improve the classical Chvatal’s greedy algorithm for the Set Covering Problem. In particular, we develop a new greedy procedure, called Surprisal-Based Greedy Heuristic (SBH), incorporating the computation of a “surprisal” measure when selecting the solution columns. Computational experiments, performed on instances from the OR-Library, show that SBH yields a 2.5% improvement in terms of the objective function value over the Chvatal’s algorithm while retaining similar execution times, making it suitable for real-time applications. The new heuristic was also compared with Kordalewski’s greedy algorithm, obtaining similar solutions with much lower times on large instances, and Grossmann and Wool’s algorithm for unicost instances, where SBH obtained better solutions.
Ethical Challenges in the Development of Virtual Assistants Powered by Large Language Models
Authors: Piñeiro-Martín Andrés , Garci­a-Mateo Carmen , Docío-Fernández Laura , López Pérez María del Carmen
Published: June 2023

Virtual assistants (VAs) have gained widespread popularity across a wide range of applications, and the integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT has opened up new possibilities for developing even more sophisticated VAs. However, this integration poses new ethical issues and challenges that must be carefully considered, particularly as these systems are increasingly used in public services: transfer of personal data, decision-making transparency, potential biases, and privacy risks. This paper, an extension of the work presented at IberSPEECH 2022, analyzes the current regulatory framework for AI-based VAs in Europe and delves into ethical issues in depth, examining potential benefits and drawbacks of integrating LLMs with VAs. Based on the analysis, this paper argues that the development and use of VAs powered by LLMs should be guided by a set of ethical principles that prioritize transparency, fairness, and harm prevention. The paper presents specific guidelines for the ethical use and development of this technology, including recommendations for data privacy, bias mitigation, and user control. By implementing these guidelines, the potential benefits of VAs powered by LLMs can be fully realized while minimizing the risks of harm and ensuring that ethical considerations are at the forefront of the development process.
Development and Performance of a Fuzzy Logic Control System for the Root-to-Shoot Ratio in an Aeroponics System for Lettuce
Authors: Gao Jianmin , Guo Yinan , H. Tunio Mazhar , Chen Jiedong
Published: June 2023

At present, aeroponic control is mainly regulated according to the environmental factors of aeroponics, such as the temperature, humidity, light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, pH, and electrical conductivity (EC) of the nutrient solution. There is a lack of knowledge available in the literature for an aeroponic control system for plant growth information as the primary feedback signal. Therefore, a fuzzy logic-controlled aeroponics system was developed for the growth of lettuce as a feedback signal. After designing, the effectiveness test of system was performed with experiment having three treatments T1 (180C), T2 (220C) and without control (CK). The results show an increasing trend in shoot length, root length, and shoot area over time in all treatments. In terms of shoot area, the maximum of 345 cm² was observed in the T1 treatment, while the CK treatment had a minimum of 241.8 cm². Statistical analysis indicated that the T1 and T2 treatments were not significantly different, but both were significantly different from the CK treatment. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of the fuzzy logic control system and an 18°C nutrient solution temperature, resulting in improved lettuce growth and reduced root-to-shoot ratio. The findings suggest the potential of using fuzzy logic control in aeroponics for optimized cultivation outcomes.
Pairs of Associated Yamabe Almost Solitons with Vertical Potential on Almost Contact Complex Riemannian Manifolds
Authors: Manev Mancho
Published: June 2023

Almost contact complex Riemannian manifolds, known also as almost contact B-metric manifolds, are in principle equipped with a pair of mutually associated pseudo-Riemannian metrics. Each of these metrics is specialized here as a Yamabe almost soliton with a potential collinear to the Reeb vector field. The resulting manifolds are then investigated in two important cases with geometric significance. The first is when the manifold is of Sasaki-like type, i.e. its complex cone is a holomorphic complex Riemannian manifold (also called a Kähler–Norden manifold). The second case is when the soliton potential is torse-forming, i.e. it satisfies a certain recurrence condition for its covariant derivative with respect to the Levi-Civita connection of the corresponding metric. The studied solitons are characterized. In the three-dimensional case, an explicit example is constructed and the properties obtained in the theoretical part are confirmed.
Fracture Electromagnetic Radiation Induced by a Seismic Active Zone (in the Vicinity of Eilat City, Southern Israel)
Authors: Frid Vladimir , Rabinovitch Avinoam , Bahat Dov , Kushnir Uri
Published: June 2023

This paper deals with the quantitative analysis of measured fracture-induced electromagnetic radiation (FEMR) in the vicinity of the Dead Sea Transform using the Angel-M1 instrument, which enables the recording of FEMR signals in a 3D manner. Results show both the possibility of estimating the sizes of micro-fractures that are the sources of the radiation, and of assessing the direction of their location to the measuring device and the range of magnitude Mw of the impending "events" (EQ's) associated with the present FEMR measurements. Moreover, the relation between the measured FEMR activity (the number of FEMR hits per unit time) and the FEMR event magnitudes shows consistency with the Gutenberg-Richter relationship for the region. Such measurements could therefore constitute a preliminary 'field reinforcement' towards an EMR valid method for a real earthquake forecast, which would provide much earlier warnings than the seismic ones. Obviously, the present observed FEMR measurements can only be used as an assessment of the stress concentration and micro-fracturing in the region since they relate to the very initial nucleation phase of a "virtual" (extremely low Richter scale value) earthquake, but they do provide the necessary feasibility test for a prediction method since all lab-measured FEMR features were confirmed also in the field.
Peningkatan Potensi Wisata dengan Pemasangan Outdoor Fitness sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Kesehatan Masyarakat di Desa Karangasem Kab. Sukoharjo
Authors: Raharjo Wijang Wisnu , Diharjo Kuncoro , Ariawan Dody , Raharjo Wahyu Purwo , Kusharjanta Bambang , Ubaidillah U
Published: June 2023

Jumlah usia muda yang tinggi perlu diberikan pembinaan fisik dan mental agar menjadi sumber daya manusia yang berkualitas di masa mendatang. Warga berusia muda di desa yang sudah mendapat informasi secara mudah juga memerlukan sarana olah raga fitnes yang tidak jauh dari tempat tinggal mereka. Alat ini akan memberika kesempatan kepada para pemuda untuk membentuk kesegaran jasmaninya dan berinteraksi sosial. Konsep itu dituangkan dalam bentuka pengembangan taman dan alat fitness outdoor sebagai alat kesehatan/pembinaan fisik masyarakat. Alat fitness yang dipasang pada ruang terbuka dapat dimanfaatkan masyarakat untuk berolahraga dan berwisata di satu objek wisata yang sedang dikembangkan. Dengan adanya kegiatan ini diharapkan masyarakat secara tidak sadar mulai kembali bergerak secara fisik dan menyadari pentingnya berolahraga selain itu juga penyegaran jiwa melalui kegiatan wisata alam. Dengan naiknya minat berolahraga dan menekan tingkat kejenuhan diharapkan akan membentuk sumber daya manusia dengan kualitas fisik dan mental yang tinggi. Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Sebelas Maret menghadirkan solusi dengan menyumbangkan alat out door fitness yang diharapkan dapat meningkatkan animo kehadiran masyarakat di area pariwisata Gunung Pegat. Alat yang dipasang berjenis self actuation dengan memanfaatkan beban badan sendiri. Alat ini melatih otot lengan dan perut karena kontraksi utama pada area tersebut. Setelah pemasangan alat tersebut, masyarakat antusias memanfaatkan alat – alat yang dipasang.

Kata kunci :  Kesehatan; masyarakat;  olah raga;  out door; interaksi, sosial.
Penyuluhan dan Pelatihan Pemanfaatan Tempe Koro Pedang dalam Produk Egg Roll di Pulutan, Wonosari, Gunung Kidul
Authors: Paramita Brigitta Laksmi , Pranata Franciscus Sinung , Purwijantiningsih LM Ekawati , Swasti Yuliana Reni , Widya Pangestika Leonie Margaretha
Published: June 2023

Desa Pulutan, Wonosari merupakan salah satu desa penghasil kacang koro pedang. Namun, olahan koro pedang saat ini hanya sebatas diolah menjadi tempe. Pengembangan produk tempe yang dinilai memiliki manfaat gizi yang tinggi pun masih terbatas sehingga diperlukan pengetahuan terkait pengembangan produk tempe menjadi produk yang lebih komersial dan memiliki nilai jual yang tinggi. Egg roll merupakan salah satu produk yang digemari masyarakat. Pemanfaatan tempe koro pedang pada produk egg roll dapat meningkatkan nilai jualnya. Pengetahuan terkait dengan pemanfaatan tempe koro pedang menjadi egg roll sangat diperlukan untuk memperluas pemanfaatan tempe koro pedang dan untuk pengembangan usaha tempe koro pedang. Kegiatan penyuluhan dan pelatihan dipilih dalam pengabdian ini agar peserta tidak hanya mendapatkan pengetahuan namun juga skill dalam mengolah tempe koro pedang menjadi produk egg roll. Hasil uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank (p<0,05) menunjukkan adanya peningkatan yang signifikan pada frekuensi jawaban benar pre-test dan post-test yang mengindikasikan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan peserta terkait pemanfaatan tempe koro pedang pada produk egg roll. Peningkatan skill peserta dalam mengolah produk egg roll berbasis tempe koro pedang juga dibuktikan dengan produk egg roll tempe koro pedang yang sudah dikomersialisasikan dan bermanfaat untuk pengembangan UKM.

 

Kata kunci: Tempe koro pedang; egg roll; penyuluhan; pelatihan.
Pembelajaran IPA menggunakan FUNEX (Fun Sains Experiment) di SDN 01 Karakan Kecamatan Weru Kabupaten Sukoharjo
Authors: Saputro Ida Nugroho , Hapsari Annafi Nur Faisa , Syahfa Ardhea Nur , Palupi Galuh Retno , Madikha Hasna , Jodyastama Ikhsan , Astuti Nimas Dwi , Wisanggen Respati Arli Shigit i , Wulandari Rismawati Ariesta , Azizah, Salma Miftahul , Khasanah Uswah Karimah Nur
Published: June 2023

Semua anak memerlukan pendidikan yang layak untuk perkembangan daya pikir. Untuk meningkatkan daya berpikir, maka siswa memerlukan pembelajaran yang menarik. Dalam pembelajaran menumbuhkankan antusias dan semangat belajar sehingga meningkatkan pemahaman terhadap materi yang diajarkan. Kegiatan pembelajaran dilakukan di SDN 01 Karakan Weru Sukoharjo. Pembelajaran disekolah ini mempunyai keterbatasan pada sarana prasarana dan kinerja pendidik yang kurang optimal. Sehingga perlu dilakukan inovasi pembelajaran agar siswa mudah dalam memahami materi mata pelajaran IPA. Dalam hal ini diterapkan pelaksanaan program kerja Fun Sains Experiment (FUNEX) dengan melakukan eksperimen sains yang menyenangkan. Pada kegiatan ini menggunakan metode observasi dan wawancara untuk mendapatkan informasi yang berkaitan dengan pemahaman siswa. Program FUNEX dilaksanakan sebanyak dua kali pertemuan dengan agenda eksperimen air anti gravitasi dan roket cuka. Pada pembelajaran ini meningkatkan antusias dan semangat belajar pada siswa untuk mata pelajaran IPA. Pembelajaran ini melibatkan siswa secara langsung melakukan eksperimen untuk melihat kejadian-kejadian yang berkaitan dengan sains. Siswa dapat memahami dengan mudah tentang konsep pelajaran IPA yang diajarkan oleh guru.

 

Kata kunci: pembelajaran; FUNEX; memahami; sains .
Análise e predição do comportamento resiliente de solos com adição de cimento empregando-se técnicas de inteligência artificial
Authors: Conceição Farias do Egito Costa Stephanny , Elisio de Figueiredo Lopes  Lucena Adriano , Paiva William de
Published: June 2023

No Brasil, o desenvolvimento do método mecanístico-empírico de dimensionamento de pavimentos flexíveis, MeDiNa, requer parâmetros referentes às características mecânicas dos materiais e, entre eles, o comportamento resiliente. As deformações resilientes são obtidas em laboratório com o ensaio Triaxial de Carga Repetida, mas o equipamento necessário à sua execução ainda requer grande capital de investimento. Dada a evolução da modelagem computacional e a possibilidade de aquisição de resultados rápidos e confiáveis por meio de sistemas inteligentes, nesse trabalho se objetivou construir Redes Neurais Artificias capazes de predizer o Módulo de Resiliência de solos melhorados com cimento a partir de sua caracterização física. A qualidade dos modelos foi mensurada por índices estatísticos e análise das diferenças nos resultados do dimensionamento com uso dos valores preditos em relação aos obtidos em ensaios. Além disso, fez-se análises estatísticas para verificação da alteração das propriedades dos solos estudados após a adição do aglomerante. Os resultados indicam melhoria no comportamento resiliente dos materiais, mas não linearmente proporcional à adição de cimento. Em relação à predição do Módulo de Resiliência, obteve-se bons resultados para os índices analisados e, consequentemente, pouca ou nenhuma diferença entre as estruturas dimensionadas. As Redes Neurais Artificias desenvolvidas nesse trabalho mostraram desempenho superior àquelas até então publicadas, no tangente à magnitude dos erros de predição.
Palavras-chave: Predição; Módulo de resiliência; Redes neurais artificiais.
The Intention to Use Mobile Payment during the Covid-19 Pandemic: The Mediating Role of Attitude
Authors: Handayati Puji , Trisnawati Novi
Published: June 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic requires individuals to maintain physical distance and this has affected buying and selling transactions where previously the majority used the cash payment system to switch to digital payments or mobile payments to maintain distance and reduce physical contact. This study aims to examine the effect of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use on the intention to use mobile payment in Malang of Indonesia. This study also investigates the mediating role of attitude in explaining this relationship. The population in this study are individuals who adopted mobile payment services in Malang of East Java in Indonesia. The analytical tool used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings of this research showed that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use had a direct effect on attitudes, perceived usefulness, while perceived ease of use and attitudes also had a direct effect on the intention to use mobile payment. In addition, attitudes can mediate perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use on the intention of using mobile payments during the Covid-19 pandemic.