bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Person Flow on Cycle Tracks vs Lanes for Motorized Vehicles
Authors: Calquin Yerko , Tirachini Alejandro
Published: May 2020

We compare the person flow on cycle tracks and lanes for motorized traffic on seven streets in Santiago, Chile. In peak periods, we find that most streets have a higher person flow rate per lane using motor vehicles than riding bicycles. However, when the consumption of road space is considered, the conclusion is reversed as most cycle tracks achieve a greater person flow per meter of width than the lanes for motor vehicles in the same street. An analysis of transport capacity for car and cycle lanes provides results in line with our empirical findings.
PENGELOLAAN PERGURUAN TINGGI KEAGAMAAN ISLAM NEGERI BERBASIS SNI ISO 9001:2008
Authors: Subardi Subardi
Published: May 2020

This paper attempts to address the problem of how to manage the State Islamic Religious College (PTKIN) based on ISO 9001: 2008. Problems become important because in the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, quality human resources (HR) cannot be bargained again. The only way to improve the quality of human resources is through education, especially higher education institutions, including the State Islamic Religious College (PTKIN). So that the quality of PTKIN is not less competitive with other universities in Indonesia, the management of PTKIN must be based on ISO 9001: 2008 as one of the principled quality management of TQM in detailed and systematic application. The ISO 9001: 2008 system is a means or tool of PTKIN to achieve the expected quality objectives and is able to answer the challenges of the current Industrial Revolution 4.0 era. In addition, there is a periodic internal quality audit requirement. At present ISO 9001: 2008 is the main choice for higher education institutions, PTKIN to implement a quality management system consistently and systematically to achieve effectiveness and efficiency. The application of ISO 9001: 2008 at PTKIN is very important as a step to realize and provide good governance, achieve excellent education practices, improve customer satisfaction and provide a better response to industry needs. PTKIN's main motive for implementing ISO 9001: 2008 is as a promotional step to provide an overview that PTKIN has high quality, high visibility and credibility, response to external factors and to develop an overall quality management system, so as to provide services and output the best that can guarantee the satisfaction of all customers and stakeholders.
Peran Public Relations Dalam Membangun Reputasi Perguruan Tinggi
Authors: Yulista Yera
Published: May 2020

The development of higher education institutions in Indonesia indicates the increasing meaning of education in the community so that the existence of educational institutions becomes the target for stakeholders, especially students / prospective students. In general, to maintain the existing stakeholders clearly requires the establishment of a good reputation in the community. One of the parties that can help higher education institutions in building the reputation of higher education is the presence of public relations. PR represents the institution in implementing the communication program to be a bridge between the organizations represented by the university stakeholders.

Abstrak

Perkembangan lembaga pendidikan tinggi di Indonesia menandakan semakin meningkatnya arti pendidikan di tengah masyarakat sehingga keberadaan  lembaga pendidikan menjadi incaran bagi stakehoder khususnya mahasiswa/ calon mahasiswa.  Secara umum untuk mempertahankan stakeholder yang ada jelas memerlukan pembentukan reputasi yang baik ditengah masyarakat.Salah satu pihak yang dapat membantu lembaga pendidikan tinggi dalam membangun reputasi perguruan tinggi adalah dengan kehadiran public relations. PR mewakili lembaga dalam melaksanakan program komunikasi untuk menjadi jembatan penghubung antara organisasi yang diwakili dengan stakeholder perguruan tinggi.
KATİLLER DEMOKRASİYİ SAVUNURKEN: ANTİK YUNAN’DA TİRAN KATLİ OLGUSUNUN HUKUKİ DAYANAKLARI
Authors: KIRDIM Şahin Eray
Published: May 2020

Bu çalışma, antik Yunan’da M.Ö. 5. yüzyılın sonlarından itibaren ortaya çıkan ve tiranlara karşı cinayet işlemeyi suç olmaktan çıkararak katillere karşı yaptırımsızlığı ve hatta ödüllendirmeyi öngören tiran karşıtı hukuki düzenlemeleri detaylı bir şekilde incelemektedir. Tiran katli olarak ifade edilen bu pratik, kısaca devlet gücünü sistematik bir baskı aracı olarak kullanan yöneticilere karşı işlenen siyasi cinayettir. M.Ö. 410 yılından M.Ö. 280 yılına kadarki dönemde, Atina ve diğer bazı şehir devletlerinde yürürlüğe giren beş anti-tiran yasa metni tarihi arka planları ile detaylı bir analize tabi tutulmuş ve direnme hakkı olarak bazı modern anayasalarda da geçen uygulamanın en radikal örneklerinin hukuki dayanakları incelenmiştir.
Revisión: Genes de radio resistencia en cáncer cérvico-uterino localmente avanzado
Authors: Vallín Delgado Eder , Alatriste Martínez Sara , Rosas Cabral Alejandro
Published: May 2020

La radioterapia constituye la piedra angular del tratamiento del cáncer cérvico-uterino (CaCu) avanzado. Actualmente, el consenso mundial del tratamiento estándar, de las etapas localmente avanzadas de esta neoplasia, es la asociación de radioterapia concomitante con la quimioterapia basada en platino. Se ha demostrado que la expresión de algunos genes dentro de las poblaciones celulares del CaCu contribuye a la falta de respuesta al tratamiento con quimio-radioterapia, en pacientes con similares factores de riesgo al momento del diagnóstico. A este grupo de genes se les ha denominado genes de radio-resistencia o quimio-resistencia. Dentro de estos genes destacan los relacionados con la promoción del crecimiento celular indiferenciado, el escape a los puntos de restricción del ciclo celular y los relacionados con alteraciones de la apoptosis. Los genes que mayor interés han despertado hasta el momento como potenciales marcadores de radio-resistencia son: Bcl-2, Lgals, iASPP, Np73, XCRR5, HIF-1α, IGF1, IGF-1R, Bak LDHA, y EIF4A1. Sin embargo, dentro de estos mecanismos también interfieren otros genes capaces de generar radio-sensibilidad como los son el RBP1 y el ALDH1. Este último, particularmente, es capaz de generar quimio-resistencia. En el presente trabajo realizamos una revisión de la evidencia disponible hasta el momento en la literatura, para conocer los mecanismos a través de los cuales actúan estos genes y cómo los mismos pudieran ser marcadores que ayuden a planear una correcta estrategia terapéutica y, de esta manera, mejorar el pronóstico de las pacientes con CaCu.

Palabras clave: Cáncer cervico-uterino, radioterapia, radio-resistencia,  XCRR5, HIF-1α, IGF1, IGF-1R, Bak, LDHA, EIF4A1, RBP1, ALDH1
The Prehospital Ambulance Stroke Test Vs. The Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale: A Diagnostic Accuracy Study
Authors: Karimi Somayeh , Motamed Hassan , Aliniagerdroudbari Ehsan , Babaniamansour Sepideh , Jami Arman , Baratloo Alireza
Published: May 2020

Introduction

Immediate diagnosis of stroke is crucial in reducing its morbidity and mortality rate. There are various pre-hospital assessment tools, such as the Prehospital Ambulance Stroke Test (PreHAST) and the Cincinnati Prehospital Stroke Scale (CPSS) used to identify stroke early in the chain of care. The aim of this study is to compare the accuracy of PreHAST with CPSS in diagnosing stroke.

Methods

In this diagnostic accuracy study patients with suspicion of stroke were included in this study. In CPSS, the criterion used to indicate stroke are facial droop, speech and arm drift. In PreHAST it is eye position, visual field, facial palsy, right and left arms paresis, right and left legs paresis, sensory and speech. After data collection, sensitivity and specificity were calculated using standard formulae. Different cut-off points for the best diagnostic accuracy were examined in both CPSS and PreHAST.

Results

In this study, 883 patients were investigated. The results demonstrated that in CPSS, the highest specificity and sensitivity was for facial droop (84.9%) and arm drift (82.7%); and in PreHAST it was eye position (99.6%) and facial palsy (49.2%). The best predictor of stroke in CPSS with highest sensitivity (78.5%) and specificity (66%) was a cut-off point of 1.5 (AUC: 0.744) (p<0.01(. In PreHAST, the highest sensitivity (68.4%) was a cut-off point of 2.5 and the highest specificity (90.2%) was a cut-off point of 5.5 (AUC: 0.775) (p<0.01).

Conclusion

Both PreHAST and CPSS are useful screening tools in the pre-hospital diagnosis of stroke. In addition to high sensitivity, these tests provide a grading system in which higher cut-off points lead to higher specificity.
Coronavirus e ambiente: una sfida per il pianeta e per la salute
Authors: Magnaghi Cristiano , Brioni Elena , Leopaldi Donato , Pegoraro Marisa , Vezzoli Giuseppe , Manunta Paolo , Parisotto Maria Teresa
Published: May 2020

In late December 2019, some patients were hospitalized with an initial diagnosis of pneumonia of unknown etiology. These patients were epidemiologically linked to a wholesale market of seafood, wild animals and meat located in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. Acute respiratory disease caused by a new Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, formerly known as 2019-nCoV, afterwards as Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), spread throughout China and received the attention of the entire world. Analysis of the genomic sequence of COVID-19 showed 88% of identity with two bat-derived severe acute respiratory syndrome-like Coronaviruses. Illegal and sustainable wildlife trade is the second largest direct threat to species after habitat destruction. Each year, hundreds of millions of plants and animals are captured or collected in the wild to be sold as food, pets, medicines, ornaments and for a variety of other reasons. Even the climate crisis could offer dangerous scenarios in addition to another fundamental chapter of the environmental pillar which is the one concerning air quality. There is a solid scientific literature which correlates the incidence of viral infection cases with concentrations of atmospheric particulate matter (e.g. PM10 and PM2.5). Despite the current regulations, which limit the levels of certain atmospheric pollutants, there are still numerous negative health effects deriving from exposure to these agents. However, it can be said that chronic air pollution, such as peaks of concentration of fine dust and other pollutants, acts as a pejorative factor in cases of epidemics. (GCND_planet)
JUSTIFIKASI DAN PENETAPAN BOBOT PRIORITAS INDIKATOR KINERJA PROGRAM STUDI TERKAIT ASPEK SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA
Authors: Lamatinulu Lamatinulu
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjustifikasi dan menetapkan bobot prioritas rumusan Key Performance Indicator (KPI) program studi terkait aspek Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM). Orientasi objek penelitian adalah program studi pada perguruan tinggi swasta di Sulawesi Selatan. Pendekatan metode yang digunaka adalah analisis statistik deskriptif, uji validitas, uji reliabilitas dan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Hasil uji validitas dan reliabilitas data menunjukkan bahwa semua data valid dan instrumen penelitian reliabel karena memiliki nilai alpha Cronbach 0,839 sehingga hasil pengumpulan data dapat dipercaya. Analisis statistik deskriftif nilai rata-rata menunjukkan hasil justifikasi bahwa nilai tingkat kepentingan 16 rumusan KPI adalah penting karena semua memiliki nilai rata-rata > 4,0. Hasil penetapan bobot prioritas KPI dapat diterima karena memiliki nilai Inconsistency Ratio < 0,1. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai bobot skala prioritas indikator kinerja dapat menjadi rujukan dasar dalam menentukan nilai kinerja dan prioritas KPI dalam pengukuran kinerja Program Studi. Temuan pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa KPI yang dapat memberikan kontribusi terbesar terhadap nilai kinerja prodi adalah yang terkait dengan pengembangan kompetensi SDM melalui studi lanjut, pendidikan dan pelatihan, penerapan sistem penjaminan mutu dalam lingkup kegiatan pendidikan dan pengajaran, penelitian dan pengabdian pada masyarakat.
ZOOTECHNICAL EVALUATION OF A NEW FEED ADDITIVE
Authors: Kosolapova Valentina , Kosolapov Andrey
Published: May 2020

The results of studies on the use of the symbiotic rumistart in the diets of cows during milking. The effect of feed additives on animal productivity and health indicators is established.
AGROENERGY AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF CREATION OF GRASS AND LEGUME-GRASS PASTURES IN THE NORTH-EAST OF THE NON-CHERNOZEM ZONE
Authors: Shchannikova Maria , Teberdiev Dalhat
Published: May 2020

In the article presents the agro-energy and economic assessment of the creation and use of grass and legume-grass herbages in the initial period of the organization of cultural pastures in the North-East of the Non-chernozem zone of the Russian Federation. Fodder production was 53–61 GJ/ha on grass pastures and 56–75 GJ/ha on legume-grass pastures. The total expenditure of anthropogenic energy was 43.1–46.8 GJ/ha on grass herbages and 23.4–25.0 GJ/ha on legume-grass herbages. The agro-energy coefficient on legume-grass herbages (239–300 %) was higher than on grass herbages (123–132 %). The cost of produced feed was 35.9–43.5 thousand rubles / ha on grass pastures and 39.8–54.5 thousand rubles/ha on legume-grass pastures. Total expenditures were 40.5–42.5 thousand rubles/ha on grass pastures and 30.2–32.5 thousand rubles/ha on legume-grass pastures. The cost of producing 100 fodder units legume-grass pastures was in 1.4–1.7 times lower than grass pastures ones.
INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES AND FERTILIZERS SYSTEMS FOR LONG-TERM PRODUCTIVITY HAYMAKING AND SOIL FERTILITY
Authors: Teberdiev Dalhat , Rodionova Anna , Zapivalov Sergey
Published: May 2020

When using long-term haymaking (73 years of use), the regularities of the influence of fertilizers and technological systems on the productivity and fertility of the soil are established. When using a technogenic system (without fertilizers), the productivity was 31.9 GJ/ha of exchange energy, the content of mobile phosphorus in the soil decreased by 37%, exchange potassium-by 19%, humus increased from 2.03 to 3.05%, with an annual humus content of 18 kg/ha. The highest productivity of haymaking over the past 27 years of use was observed in the technogenic-mineral system when using N180P45K90 —– 72.5 GJ/ha of exchange energy, 5.6 thousand feed. units, 922 kg/ha of raw protein. The content of mobile phosphorus in the soil increased by 232% compared to the initial one, humus from 2.03 to 2.94%, exchange potassium decreased by 18%, and the average annual accumulation of humus was 28 kg/ha.
SPECIES AND VARIETIES OF PERENNIAL GRASSES FOR MAKING OF STABLE LAWN COMMUNITIES
Authors: Yufereva Nadezhda , Shchannikova Maria
Published: May 2020

The correct selection of species and varieties of perennial grasses for making of stable lawn herbages is an important task for the researchers. Research of lawn herbages was conducted for six years period on the experimental field of the Vyatka State Agricultural Academy. As a result, were specified domestic varieties of lawn grasses which suit for the conditions of the Kirov region and show resistance to adverse weather conditions observed during the years of research. Red fescue Sigma and meadow grass Vagant and Dar forming lawns from good to excellent quality. The number of shoots per unit area for the sixth year for these species and varieties is 12.6–15.9 thousand pieces per square meter, 6.5–6.8 thousand pieces per square meter and 4.1–5.0 thousand pieces per square meter respectively. These species and varieties can be recommended for making of stable single–species lawn herbages. The seeding rate can be reduced in comparison to the recommended one. Perennial ryegrass in the conditions of the Kirov region shows low winter hardiness, the number of shoots declines since the third year of life and the number of undesirable plant increases. However, the perennial ryegrass has superior lawns in the year of sowing. Therefore, this species can be used for the quick making of lawns with a usable life no more than two years.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WILD SAMPLES OFTIMOTHY-GRASS (PHLEUM PRATENSE L.)
Authors: Korovina Valentina , Kozlov Nikolay , Komkova Tamara
Published: May 2020

The research was carried out in the field at the Central experimental base of the Federal Williams Research Center. The object of research was 13 samples of timothy-grass. Samples were sown according to the scheme of a standard collection nursery. All studies and observations were carried out on the herbage of the 2nd and 3rd year of life. Statistical processing of the research results indicates a low level of variation. The sample № 414 stood out high content of raw protein and raw fat. Two significant correlations were found (between the content of phosphorus and potassium, as well as between crude fiber and crude ash). Analysis of remoteness and kinship between samples showed the presence of 5 clusters (genetically different quality groups), which can be used for breeding for combinational ability and fixing of breeding-valuable features and properties.
CULTIVATION OF LUPIN YELLOW IN THE CHANGED SOILAND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS NONCHERNOZEM ZONE
Authors: Draganskaya Maria , Savvicheva Inna
Published: May 2020

Features of cultivation of lupine yellow as a source of increase of fertility of sandy and sandy loam soils are designated. In the changed soil and climatic conditions, work is carried out in the direction of creating varieties of different economic use: seeds, green mass, silage, grain fodder adapted to this zone and to various diseases with an optimal relationship between the host plant and the pathogen.
USE OF WHITE LUPIN AS A BASE FOR FEED WITH HIGH PROTEIN CONTENT
Authors: Afonina Elena
Published: May 2020

The paper presents data on the biochemical composition of seeds and amino acid composition of legumes, white lupine. The indicators of biochemical composition of extruded and granulated feed made on the basis of white lupin grain are given. The results of the use of the antioxidant Agidol in the composition of prepared feed and its effect on its shelf life are described.
Protective Role of Melatonin Against Postmenopausal Bone Loss via Enhancement of Citrate Secretion From Osteoblasts
Authors: Da Wacili , Tao Lin , Wen Kaicheng , Tao Zhengbo , Wang Shaojie , Zhu Yue
Published: May 2020

A negative correlation exists between the severity of osteoporosis and citrate levels in bone. Our previous research found that melatonin can significantly improve bone mass in mice with osteoporosis, but the underlying mechanism involving citrate remains unknown. Herein, we demonstrated that melatonin increased bone volume and citrate levels in ovariectomized osteoporosis mice. Melatonin increased citrate and mineralized nodules in osteoblasts induced from primary mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. ZIP-1 knockdown and overexpression confirmed that melatonin specifically upregulated ZIP-1 to rescue citrate levels and bone mass. In general, we verified that melatonin can improve bone mass by enhancing matrix mineralization, which is highly related to increased citrate secretion from osteoblasts, and that ZIP-1 is the target of melatonin. These findings reveal another role of melatonin in regulating bone remodeling and provide a research base for its possible application in the treatment of clinical osteoporosis in the future.
Comparison of Physicochemical Characteristics and Amino Acid Composition of Water-Soluble Tempe Flour and Commercial SoybeanProtein Isolate
Authors: Astawan Made , Cahyani Ananda Putri , Maulidyanti Leonita , Wresdiyati Tuti
Published: May 2020

The aim of this research was to compared the physicochemical characteristics and amino acid composition of conventional water-soluble tempe flour (CWSTF), germinated soybean water-soluble tempe flour (GSWSTF) and commercial soy protein isolate (CPI). Water-soluble tempe flour was made from defatted flour and alkali extraction-isoelectric precipitation. The yield of CWSTF, GSWSTF, and CPI were not significantly different (p>0.05). Proximate analysis of CWSTF and GSWSTF showed significantly different from CPI except water content (p<0.05). The essential amino acids in CWSTF and GSWSTF are lysine, leucine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, valine, methionine, and threonine. Analysis of the physical characteristic CWSTF and GSWSTF showed significantly different (p<0.05) with CPI in colors, aw, and bulk density in a lower with CPI.
Daya Saing dan Posisi Sektor Pangan Indonesia Menghadapi Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP)
Authors: Nugraha Dadan adi , Ferichani Minar , Sutrisno Joko
Published: May 2020

Kerja sama RCEP dipastikan akan membuka akses pasar yang luas di negara anggota RCEP. Di saat yang bersamaan Indonesia dihadapkan dengan tantangan dan ancaman apabila kerja sama RCEP diberlakukan. Tulisan ini bertujuan mengetahui daya saing produk pangan Indonesia di pasar negara mitra RCEP, mengetahui daya saing produk pangan negara mitra RCEP di pasar Indonesia, mengetahui posisi produk pangan yang dapat dimanfaatkan dan perlu dilindungi dalam rangka kerja sama perdagangan bebas RCEP. Daya saing produk pangan di analisis menggunakan Constant Market Share Analysis (CMSA). Posisi sektor pangan diketahui dengan melakukan analisis terhadap kebijakan tarif dan nilai daya saing produk pangan. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder yang diperoleh dari UNCOMTRADE dan Sekretariat ASEAN. Hasil analisis menunjukkan jumlah produk pangan Indonesia yang memiliki daya saing tetapi masih memiliki hambatan tarif berjumlah 23 produk di China, 5 produk di Korea, 16 produk di India, dan 2 produk di Jepang. Produk pangan Indonesia yang masih menerapkan hambatan tarif terhadap seluruh negara mitra RCEP dan perlu perlindungan tarif berjumlah 17 produk. Sedangkan produk pangan Indonesia yang sudah dihapuskan tarifnya di seluruh negara mitra RCEP berjumlah 260 produk. Produk pangan Indonesia yang memiliki hambatan tarif untuk salah satu atau lebih negara mitra RCEP berjumlah 257 produk.
Peran Penting Lembaga Pangan dan Generasi Milenial di Era Industri 4.0 dalam Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan Nasional
Authors: Utomo Bachtiar
Published: May 2020

Kebijakan pangan di Indonesia tidak dapat dilepaskan dari peran Perum BULOG sebagai lembaga pangan pemerintah. Pengelolaan pangan nasional saat ini menghadapi permasalahan, diantaranya penggunaan teknologi pertanian yang masih sederhana, kondisi sumber daya manusia di bidang pertanian yang masih terbatas, alih fungsi lahan pertanian serta keterbatasan infrastruktur dan sarana penunjang, serta rendahnya sinergitas sektor hulu dan hilir yang menyebabkan pengelolaan pertanian menjadi kurang efektif, efisien, dan ekonomis. Makalah ini bertujuan untuk (i) menganalisis permasalahan dalam pengelolaan pangan di Indonesia; (ii) menelaah peran dan upaya Perum BULOG sebagai lembaga pangan Pemerintah; serta (iii) menelaah peran generasi milenial dalam mendukung ketahanan pangan nasional di era industri 4.0. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa permasalahan di sektor pertanian yang harus dihadapi dan diatasi, yaitu pengelolaan on farm dan off farm yang masih minim teknologi; kuantitas dan kualitas SDM yang masih rendah; permasalahan distribusi yang membebani cost structure untuk setiap produk; alih fungsi lahan; keterbatasan infrastruktur, suprastruktur, dan fasilitas yang masih belum memadai; serta integrasi dari hulu ke hilir yang masih belum terjalin dengan baik. Kebijakan pangan yang diterapkan oleh Pemerintah perlu dipandang secara menyeluruh lintas kementerian/lembaga dan tidak dipandang secara sektoral. Peran generasi milenial dalam pengembangan sektor pertanian di era revolusi industri 4.0  menuntut SDM yang paham untuk mengoperasikan sistem teknologi informasi yang canggih  yang serba digital. Untuk itu peran generasi milenial diharapkan menjadi penggerak industri pertanian 4.0 karena generasi milenial dianggap fasih dalam mengadopsi teknologi digital yang canggih dan memiliki kreativitas untuk mengembangkan berbagai inovasi dibidang pertanian melalui aplikasi teknologi digital.
Present status, Standardization and safety issues with herbal drugs
Authors: Irfat Ara  , Mudasir Maqbool  , Basharat Bukhari  , Nighat Ara  , Tawseef Ahmad Hajam
Published: May 2020

Traditional medicine is an important component of the health care system throughout world. Herbal medicine is the use of medicinal plants for prevention and treatment of various diseases. It ranges from traditional and popular medicines of every country to the use of standardized and analyzed herbal extracts. Although therapies involving these agents have shown promising potential with the efficacy of a good number of herbal products clearly established, many of them remain untested and their use are either poorly monitored or not even monitored at all. Herbal-derived remedies need a powerful and deep assessment of their pharmacological qualities and safety issues due to the large and growing use of natural-derived substances all over the world. Based on the current situation, worldwide research on herbal medicine safety is still not broad or deep enough. For next step, more attention should be paid to researches on the toxicity and the herb-drug interaction of commonly used herb medicines, which are the most necessary and urgent work. For clinical safety monitoring, spontaneous reporting system or active pharmacovigilance is effective in identifying therapeutically relevant safety issues. In this paper, an attempt has been made to summarize the information described in scientific research conducted about Present status, Standardization and safety concerns of herbal drugs.
Características clínicas y epidemiológicas del estado nutricional en ingresantes a la facultad de medicina humana de una universidad privada
Authors: Riveros-Chavez Stephany , Apolaya-Segura Moises
Published: May 2020

Objetivos: determinar la frecuencia de malnutrición en los estudiantes ingresantes a la facultad de medicina humana de una universidad privada en el año 2018. Materiales y métodos: estudio transversal y retrospectivo, que consistió en la revisión de las historias clínicas de los estudiantes ingresantes en 2018 que pasaron evaluación médica en una facultad de Medicina de Lima, Perú. Se obtuvo frecuencias absolutas y relativas, se calculó Chi-cuadrado o Test exacto de Fisher para las variables cualitativas y Prueba de U de Mann – Whitney o T student para las cuantitativas. Se consideró como nivel de significancia al 95%. Resultados: La población de estudio fueron 263 personas; se obtuvo que el 53,99% tuvo malnutrición, conformado por un 36,5% con sobrepeso, el 11,03% obesidad y el 6.46% desnutrición. Se encontró asociación con malnutrición a: consumo de alcohol (p <0,001), tabaco (p <0,001), antecedentes familiares de diabetes tipo 2 (p < 0,001), distrito de procedencia (p= 0,014) y perímetro abdominal (p < 0,001). Conclusiones: más de la mitad de los estudiantes ingresantes a una facultad de medicina humana presentaron problemas de malnutrición, en mayor proporción por exceso de peso y estuvo asociada al riesgo cardiovascular por su aumentado perímetro abdominal y valores alterados en sus exámenes de laboratorio. Las variables asociadas a malnutrición fueron: consumo de alcohol, tabaco, antecedente familiar de diabetes tipo 2, distrito de procedencia y perímetro abdominal.
Food value of some populations of Algerian annual alfalfa
Authors: Alane F , Chabaca R , Abdelguerfi A
Published: May 2020

Fodder grown in Algeria occupies 20% of the total UAA (agricultural area use) of the country. They are dominated by so-called "dry" fodder. The conversion of northern fallow land and steppe to self-regenerating legumes in an annual Cereal / Medicago rotation system may increase it. At the early flowering stage, the results indicate that the mineral content of the annual alfalfa is consistent; it varies from 9 to 14% of the DM (Dry matter). The species M. truncatula (Tr238) has the highest value (18%), which decreases the organic matter content. The nitrogen content is high with a maximum of 29% M ciliaris(S5) and a minimum of 20% M. intertexta (I107): the M. ciliaris species is the best provided in MAT (total nitrogenous matter) with an average of 27% against M. intertexta: 23 %. The highest NDF (neutral detergent fibre) content, 46% of the MS (dry matter) is recruited among M. intertexta (I253) quite logically, ADF (acid detergent fibre) and ADL (lignin) follow with 21 and 9% as respective maximas for all populations. However, on average, the ADL content is only 5% with a minimum of 2.6% for C2 M. ciliaris. It is interesting to note, the positive sign of the correlation between factors N. of Rods / m² and ADF: the amount of DM (thus indirectly lignin) increases in parallel with the age of the plant, as NDF and ADF. Considered first by test, the recorded digestibility values are equal to or greater than 70%: 75; 73; 74; 79 (respectively for tests 1 to 4) and on average, 75%. The average digestibility per species is 77; 73 and 75% for M ciliaris, M truncatula and M intertexta. Variations between populations and species are low: 3.4 and 3.1% respectively. The 20 or so populations of local annual alfalfa studied showed a great genetic variability of the studied parameters, which constitutes an important genetic capital in which the breeder could draw at leisure.

Abbreviations: MAT, total nitrogenous matter ;ADF, acid detergent fibre; DM, dry matter; UAA, agricultural area use,; NDF, neutral detergent fibre ; N. of Rods / m² ,Number of Rods / m².
Marked improvement in reliability of 150 °C processed IGZO thin-film transistors by applying hydrogenated IGZO as a channel material
Authors: Koretomo Daichi , Hamada Shuhei , Mori Marin , Magari Yusaku , Furuta Mamoru
Published: May 2020

A marked improvement in the reliability of a high-mobility In–Ga–Zn–O (IGZO) thin-film transistor (TFT) is presented after 150 °C annealing by applying hydrogenated IGZO (IGZO:H) as a channel. To enhance field-effect mobility (μ
FE), the atomic ratio of In:Ga:Zn was chosen to be 6:2:1. The IGZO:H TFT exhibited a μ
FE of 18.9 cm2 V−1 s−1 without hysteresis. Moreover, the reliability of the IGZO:H TFT significantly improved after 150 °C annealing as compared with that of a conventional IGZO TFT. Thus, the use of IGZO:H is an effective method of improving both the electrical properties and reliability of TFTs for flexible electronics.
An energy efficient service composition mechanism using a hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm in a mobile cloud environment
Authors: Ibrahim Godar J. , Rashid Tarik A. , Akinsolu Mobayode O.
Published: May 2020

By increasing mobile devices in technology and human life, using a runtime
and mobile services has gotten more complex along with the composition
of a large number of atomic services. Different services are provided by mobile
cloud components to represent the non-functional properties as Quality of
Service (QoS), which is applied by a set of standards. On the other hand, the
growth of the energy-source heterogeneity in mobile clouds is an emerging
challenge according to the energy-saving problem in mobile nodes. To mobile cloud service composition as an
NP-Hard problem, an efficient selection method should be taken by problem using
optimal energy-aware methods that can extend the deployment and
interoperability of mobile cloud components. Also, an energy-aware service
composition mechanism is required to preserve high energy saving scenarios for
mobile cloud components. In this paper, an energy-aware mechanism is applied to
optimize mobile cloud service composition using a hybrid Shuffled Frog Leaping Algorithm and Genetic
Algorithm (SFGA). Experimental results capture
that the proposed mechanism improves the feasibility of the service composition
with minimum energy consumption, response time, and cost for mobile cloud
components against some current algorithms.
Evaluación de fertilización nitrogenada en rosas (Rosa sp. var. Classy) usando nitrógeno 15 como trazador
Authors: Emilio Basantes  , Diego Pazmiño  , Rodrigo Ávalos  , Claudia Sangurima  , Segundo Urquiaga
Published: May 2020

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la fertilización nitro­ genada en la producción de rosas, a través del uso del isótopo nitrógeno 15 como trazador. El uso de isótopos estables en la agricultura es una técnica directa muy útil para estudios de absorción y eficiencia de uso de los fertilizantes. En esta investigación se empleó nitrato de amonio marcado con nitrógeno 15 y fue aplicado en las micro parcelas de los tratamientos en estudio, si­ guiendo las mismas condiciones de manejo de la finca. Las aplicaciones se hicieron cada semana de acuerdo a la frecuencia de fertilización que realizó la finca. Durante el estudio se evaluó el crecimiento y produc­ ción de masa vegetativa, contenido de nitrógeno en el suelo y recuperación del nitrógeno por la planta. Los muestreos se realizaron a los O, 30, 60 y 90 días del crecimiento del tallo floral. El contenido de nitrógeno fue determinado por el método de micro Kjeldahl y espectrofotómetro de emisión óptica, este último para el nitrógeno 15. Los resultados permitieron evaluar la cantidad del nitrógeno proveniente del fertilizante, la cantidad que quedó en el suelo y la eficiencia de uso del fertilizante. Se concluyó que el contenido de nitrógeno recuperado del fertilizante en el suelo y planta, varió alrededor de 108.6 kilogramos de nitróge­ no por hectárea, lo que demuestra que el suelo tiene una capacidad relativamente estable de retener el nutriente, por lo que, cualquier dosis de fertilizante aplicado, superior a la capacidad de retención del suelo estará sujeto a pérdidas de alrededor del 25.4 a 57.2 por ciento, además que los excesos de nitrógeno aplicado tuvieron efecto en el rendimiento y salinidad.
Saúde na Fronteira Brasileira: Políticas Públicas e Acesso a Serviços / Health on the Brazilian Border: Public Policies and Access to Services
Authors: Mondardo Marcos , Staliano Pamela
Published: May 2020

A saúde na fronteira brasileira é parte do ordenamento das políticas públicas do território nacional. O objetivo desta pesquisa consistiu em realizar um levantamento de trabalhos sobre saúde na fronteira nas bases de dados da Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), considerando as categorias organizadas pelo grupo Retis: 1) Perfil de morbimortalidade da população fronteiriça; 2) situação da atenção à saúde na fronteira. Com isso, evidenciou-se uma preocupação com a caracterização epidemiológica das populações, nacional e estrangeira, com destaque para estudos relacionados a doenças de notificação compulsória. Esse dado privilegia questões relacionadas à dimensão biológica em detrimento das questões subjetivas, psicológicas, socioespaciais e integradas na fronteira. Conclui-se que a fronteira brasileira carece significativamente de estudos e atuações interdisciplinares de profissionais de saúde, bem como da criação e manutenção de políticas públicas que promovam a saúde em nível de integração local e regional.
Migração, Cidades e Fronteiras: a Migração Venezuelana nas Cidades Fronteiriças do Brasil e da Colômbia / Migration, Cities and Borders: Venezuelan Migration to Brazilian and Colombian Border Towns
Authors: Niño Edgar Andrés Londoño
Published: May 2020

crise política e econômica venezuelana tem tido vários efeitos regionais. Dentre eles, a expulsão de um grande número da população que, cada vez mais, atravessa as fronteiras em busca de melhores condições de vida nos países vizinhos. As fronteiras dos países vizinhos da Venezuela, como a Colômbia, o Brasil, e em menor medida a Guiana, concentram esses fluxos migratórios e seus efeitos, ultrapassando as capacidades locais para atender às demandas da população fronteiriça e da população migrante. De tal modo, este artigo tem como objetivo caracterizar a migração de venezuelanos nas fronteiras do Brasil e da Colômbia, assinalando as particularidades da fronteira de cada país e os problemas comuns dos migrantes que chegam às cidades fronteiriças. Evidencia-se uma predominância de uma ideia negativa das migrações e das fronteiras nas respostas dadas pelos Estados e pela sociedade nas cidades de fronteira que têm recebido os migrantes venezuelanos.
Rivera–Santana do Livramento: Regulamentação da Cannabis na “Fronteira da Paz” / Rivera–Santana do Livramento: Regulation of Cannabis on the “Border of Peace”
Authors: Curbelo Maria Magdalena
Published: May 2020

Os espaços de fronteira entre Estados nacionais, áreas de continuidades e conflitos, tem se conformado no imaginário social como espaços propícios à irregularidade, onde as substâncias chamadas “drogas” circulam, assim como uma infinidade de sujeitos, relações, objetos e mercadorias, através do limite político. Esta pesquisa busca pensar as fronteiras, a circulação e as tensões, por meio da aproximação, as disputas de sentidos geradas em torno do consumo de cannabis e as políticas uruguaias de regulamentação de seu mercado no espaço fronteiriço Rivera (Uruguai)–Santana do Livramento (Brasil). Tradicionalmente representado como “fronteira da paz”, este limite internacional não é livre de tensões e disputas de sentidos. Um espaço de continuidades e conflitos, marcado por dois Estados nacionais com regulamentações conflitantes e distintas em relação às “drogas”; as quais são parte da dinâmica da vida cotidiana nesta fronteira e das formas como os sujeitos fronteiriços constroem e experimentam o limite político.
Faktor Risiko Air Bone Gap Pada Otitis Media Supuratif Kronik
Authors: Inardi Yoke Kurniawan , Widodo Pujo , Naftali Zulfikar , Yusmawan Willy
Published: May 2020

Latar belakang : Kehilangan pendengaran merupakan komplikasi otitis media kronik (OMSK) yang paling sering, jenis kehilangan pendengaran yang tersering adalah tuli konduktif, yang disebabkan oleh adanya air bone gap (ABG), ABG pada pasien OMSK mempunyai variasi yang berbeda-beda dan karakter yang khas berdasarkan faktor risiko.

Tujuan : Menganalisis hubungan faktor risiko dengan ABG pada penderita OMSK.

Metode : Penelitian desain observational analitik retrospektif di RSUP Dr Kariadi Semarang pada bulan September 2018 - Januari 2019. Data diambil dari rekam medis. jumlah sampel ditentukan sebanyak 100. Analisis data dengan uji chi-square.

Hasil : Jenis kelamin laki-laki 46 orang, wanita 54 orang, rerata usia 32 tahun. Status osikula, lama sakit, kolesteatom, luas perforasi membran telinga berhubungan terhadap ABG (p <0,05).

Kesimpulan : Faktor risiko (status osikula, lama sakit, kolesteatom, perforasi membran timpani) berhubungan dengan air bone gap  pada penderita OMSK.

Kata kunci : Air bone gap, faktor risiko, otitis media supuratif kronik.

 

Background: Hearing loss is the most frequent complication of chronic otitis media (CSOM), hearing loss is usually caused by conductive deafness caused by the presence of an air bone gap (ABG). ABG in CSOM patients has different variations and distinctive characters based on the factors.

Objective: To analyze the relationship of risk factors ABG in CSOM patients.

Methods: Observational analytic study with a retrospective observational analytic design at Dr. Kariadi Hospital Semarang in September 2018 - January 2019. Subjects were 100 patients. Data retrieval is done based on medical records about history taking, physical examination and investigation. Data were analyzed by Chi-square test.

Results: A total male 46 and female. Avarage age 32 years. Oscular status, duration of illness, cholesteatom, area of ??ear membrane perforation associated with ABG (p <0.05).

Conclusion: Risk factors (osicular status, duration of illness, cholesteatom, tympanic membrane perforation) associated with air bone gap in CSOM patients.

Keywords: Chronic supurative otitis media, air bone gap, risk factors
Serial Case : Unilateral Dan Trilateral Retinoblastoma
Authors: HIsbulloh Hisbulloh , Hendara Farah
Published: May 2020

LATAR BELAKANG

Retinoblastoma adalah tumor intraocular pada anak. Insidensi diperkirakan 1 dalam 15.000 pada 34.000 kelahiran. Retinoblastoma trilateral merupakan kombinasi yang jarang dari unilateral atau bilateral retinoblastoma dengan neoplasma intrakranial neuroblastik, biasanya ditemukan di daerah pineal atau daerah suprasellar. Dalam kasus retinoblastoma trilateral , prognosisnya buruk dengan tingkat kelangsugan hidup antara 9 sampai 13 bulan setelah diagnosis.

LAPORAN KASUS

Kasus 1, anak laki-laki berusia 1 tahun dengan keluhan leukokoria mata kanan, proptosis, kemerahan, kelopak mata bengkak dan juga memiliki riwayat perdarahan di mata kanan. Pemeriksaan CT scan menunjukkan lesi padat dengan kalsifikasi pada aspek posterior mata kiri (AP 1,32 x LL 1,72 x CC 0,7 cm). Kontras CT mata kanan menunjukkan massa jaringan lunak dengan kalsifikasi (AP 3,57 x LL 3,1 x CC 3,1 cm), meluas  ke retrobulbar, saraf optik menebal dan massa parasellar yang enhance(AP 2,6 x LL 2,5 x CC 2,2 cm)

Kasus 2, anak laki-laki berusia 2 tahun dengan keluhan mata kanan tampak plak putih yang semakin melebar. Pada pemeriksaan CT scan menunjukan lesi pada inhomogen irregular disertai kalsifikasi pada intra bulbus occuli kanan.

 

PEMBAHASAN

Retinoblastoma bisa terjadi baik unilateral bilateral, trilateral maupun quadrilateral. Pada kasus ini, pemeriksaan radiologi berperan untuk   mendeteksi adanya tumor baik intra ocular maupun ekstra ocular. Diagnosis yang cepat dan tepat dengan menggunakan neuroimaging disertai penatalaksanaan yang agresif dapat menurunkan mortalitas pada pasien dengan retinoblastoma dan tumor intracranial.

KESIMPULAN

Diagnosis awal dan pengobatan terbukti penting dalam mengatasi perluasan tumor dan metastasis intracranial yang kemungkinan menyebabkan kematian. CT scan dan MRI sangat penting untuk diagnosis awal, perluasan, staging, rencana pengobatan dan follow up pasien retinoblastoma.

Kata kunci : retinoblastoma, unilateral, trilateral, CT scan
BEST PRACTICES IN USING EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY BY OUT-OF-SCHOOL TIME LEARNERS
Authors: Dr. Thadei A. Kiwango
Published: May 2020

This paper identifies the best practices in the use of educational technology during out-of-school time learning. The study was conducted in Arusha, Dar es Salaam and Mwanza regions in Tanzania. A preliminary study was first carried out to establish actual practices in the use of educational technology among learners. Learners were asked to state the actual practices that they apply in using the educational technology. The most frequent perceived best practices were used as a benchmark in constructing a questionnaire which was later administered to the respondents from the research regions for them to rank the perceived best practices. The findings suggest that effective use of educational technology demands users jot down key ideas, pay due attention to the media, identify problem areas, and keep records of essential programmes for future reference. Additionally, learners have to adhere to the schedules, and avoid unintended programmes especially those forbidden by adults. These findings call for the joint efforts among educational stakeholders especially school administrators, teachers and parents to ensure that learners in both public and private schools actually embrace the best practices in the course of using Information Communication Technology (ICT) with a view to creating enabling OST learning environment among learners and ultimately improve academic performance. Furthermore, studies need to be done to find the best ways the findings of this study could apply to other countries and higher levels of education.
IMAM BUKHARI’S VIEW ON THE “SIQA” (RELIABLE) NARRATORS OF HADITH (ON THE BASIS OF AL-TARIKH AL-KABIR)
Authors: Turaev Numanjon Nasibjanovich
Published: May 2020

"al-Tarikh al-kabir" is an important work of Imam Bukhari, which covers most of the hadith sciences and written as the result of many years of work. In this work, along with a brief biographical information about the narrators, there are notes on their assessments according to other scholars of "jarh and ta’dil" (field of hadith sciences about narrators' faults and personal positive qualities). In the article the use of the term and its place according to Imam Bukhari, as well as the acceptance of the author's view by other hadith scholars are analyzed. At the same time, the issue of the fact that the narrations of the narrators praised by this term in the al-Tarikh al-kabir are quoted in the hadith collections of Imam Bukhari and other famous muhaddiths also studied. After all, these two aspects are also important in knowing the specific method of Imam Bukhari, as well as in determining its recognition by other muhaddiths.
KEY WORDS: al-Tarikh al-kabir, jarh and ta’dil (criticism and praise) siqa, sahih, hasan, sahihayn (the two sahihs), sihah sitta (the most reliable six books).
УСЛОВИЯ И ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ОСОБЫХ РЕЖИМОВ НАЛОГООБЛОЖЕНИЯ
Authors: Конончук И.А., к.э.н., доцент  , Пригодич И.А., к.э.н., доцент  , Киевич А.В., д.э.н., профессор
Published: May 2020

Практика построения налоговых систем подтвердила рациональность встраивания в систему налогообложения особых режимов, направленных на стимулирование развития малого и среднего бизнеса, поддержание отдельных видов экономической деятельности, минимизацию расходов на налоговое администрирование. Экономический эффект таких налоговых режимов проявляется в: упрощении бухгалтерского учета в силу предоставления права плательщикам вести ограниченный перечень регистров; минимизации расходов на ведение налогового учета, обусловленной простотой определения налоговой базы, сокращением перечня подлежащих к уплате налоговых платежей; уменьшении налоговой нагрузки и роста дохода, остающегося в распоряжении плательщика после уплаты налога.

В Республике Беларусь особые режимы налогообложения нашли широкое применение среди субъектов хозяйствования и физических лиц, в первую очередь, из-за  простоты и легкости их использования. Однако восприятие особых налоговых режимов в стране как налоговой льготы не всегда оправдано. Автором статьи выявлены факторы применения отдельных особых режимов в условиях налогообложения Республики Беларусь с целью получения налоговых преимуществ в виде сокращения сумм налоговых платежей. Статистика, свидетельствующая об уровне эффективности деятельности экономических субъектов, утверждает, что в большинстве случае особые режимы налогообложения, основанные на расчете налога от валовой выручки, не актуальны в Республике Беларусь с позиций сокращения налогового бремени.

В статье отражена позиция автора относительно рациональности использования в стране налогов, величина которых основана на вмененном доходе. К основному недостатку относится субъективность установления вмененного дохода, что заведомо ставит в неравные условия плательщиков налога, осуществляющих деятельность в различных условиях территориального размещения, инфраструктурных особенности обслуживания плательщиков, спроса и предложения на услуги. Неоспоримыми достоинствами вмененных налогов является простота расчета, достаточная точность планирования и учета налога при оценке перспективности и доходности бизнеса, действенность в вопросе повышения производительности труда и эффективности работы.
ОСВІТА ДЛЯ АКТИВНОГО СТАРІННЯ ЯК ВИКЛИК СУЧАСНОСТІ
Authors: Піменова О.О., к. соц. н, доцент  , Полухтович Т.Г., к. пед. н, доцент
Published: May 2020

Старіння населення сьогодні набуває глобального характеру. За таких умов важливим стає пошук чинників, що є визначальними для конструктивних змін у цьому складному соціально-демографічному процесі.

Метою статті є - аналіз особливостей освітньої діяльності людей похилого віку у контексті активного старіння.

Освіта людей похилого віку розглядається як можливість індивідуально-особистісного та професійного розвитку. Визначено, що навчання протягом життя поглиблює розуміння навколишнього світу, а також надає більше можливостей для покращення якості життя людини. Відповідно, можливість доступу до освітніх практик людей похилого віку є базовою умовою у процесі активного старіння, а саме: як у підтримці фізичної форми так і їх активної участі у соціальному, економічному, культурному та громадянському житті.