bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Prevalence of sexual harassment and its association with aspects self-reported health: A cross-sectional study in Sweden
Authors: Hagland Malin , Brandén Gunnar J. , Kosidou Kyriaki , Nielsen Anna M.
Published: May 2024

Aims:

Sexual harassment is common and may have serious consequences for well-being and health. We investigated the prevalence of sexual harassment in the general population of Stockholm County across socio-demographic groups and sexual identity, and its association with self-reported health.

Methods:

Experiences of sexual harassment in the previous 12 months and its associations with self-reported health (depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation) were assessed in 2021/2022 among a random sample of 22,890 residents in Stockholm County aged 16 and older. Analyses were done using descriptive statistics and multivariate logistic regression (odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI)). Calibration weights were used to estimate population-representative rates with 95% CI.

Results:

The highest weighted prevalence was observed among 16- to 24-year-olds (18.9%, 95% CI 16.9%–20.9%). Women (9.5%; 95% CI 8.8%–10.1%) reported a higher prevalence than men (2.9%; 95% CI 2.5%–3.3%). Compared to heterosexual people, bisexual and homosexual people reported a higher prevalence of sexual harassment. No significant difference was observed related to country of birth. People who were students, unemployed or on sick leave were more exposed than employed people, although this was not significant when adjusted for age and registered sex. Experiences of sexual harassment was associated with higher odds of all aspects of self-reported health.

Conclusions:

Experiences of sexual harassment in the general population are common and associated with adverse self-reported health. There is a need for enhanced efforts to prevent sexual harassment in the general population and to empower specific risk groups such as women and sexual minorities.
Local–translocal–postlocal: Emerging affordances for multi-sited ethnography
Authors: Patsiaoura Evanthia
Published: May 2024

This article proposes a systematization of the within, between and beyond sites through which ethnographic field-making takes shape. It draws on fieldwork in Brazil, Greece, Nigeria, the UK and the social media among congregations affiliated with postcolonial Nigeria’s denominations of Pentecostal orientation. The main argument builds upon the conceptual continuum local–translocal–postlocal. Whereas the local exists through familiarity, the translocal emerges at the overlapping of familiarities, and the postlocal as a gesture of familiarity’s reconfiguration. This systematization advances epistemological and ethical extents of multi-sited ethnography, as it is premised upon the revision of designations identifying the research subject(s) as a ‘Nigerian Pentecostal diaspora’. While introducing a knowing of locals, translocals and postlocals over nationally, denominationally and diasporically bounded individuals, the continuum re-theorizes multi-sited-ness under local, translocal and postlocal affordances. In questioning identity designations, the paper foregrounds nuanced positionalities of ‘field’ constitutors to destabilize subtle conventions of totalization and the alterity-ipseity divide.
Towards right to work: A reflexive analysis on an action research
Authors: Sathyan Arsha V
Published: May 2024

This article explores the potential of action research by evaluating the research process, methodological nuances and experiential learnings of an action researcher involved in the action research conducted at Dudhera, a rural village in India on Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA). It documents the struggles and resistance of MGNREGA workers of Dudhera. They came together and decided to claim rights under MGNREGA when they felt powerless and starved - of both information and influence over the key decisions that affected their lives. The article critically examines the implementation failure of MGNREGA and the malpractices perpetuated by the Panchayat. It also portrays the community’s determination to bring change by claiming their right and challenging the status quo. The article also presents a reflexive analysis of action research, including the role of action researcher, community engagement and subjective transformation of both self and community in the action research process. The article advances knowledge about participatory action research and its potential for transformative change.
“Insensitivity Training”
Authors: Salvato Nick
Published: May 2024

This essay begins with a brief history of sensitivity training, a therapeutic and organizational protocol for the instrumentalization of empathy that gained traction in the second half of the twentieth century. The reflection on sensitivity training serves as a wind-up to a meditation on the version of insensitivity training that television manufactured in the 1970s and 1980s. Taken together, both gestures provide the basis to make a pedagogical call for an alternative, critical version of insensitivity training for contemporary students. The essay then explores how the meanings of in/sensitivity help to set up that pedagogical project and suggest its lineaments, as well as what that project should look and sound like, within the horizon in which the pandemic still very much establishes the terms and conditions for much pedagogical and scholarly work. More generally, the essay considers how the versions of such work altered by the rise and spread of COVID-19 may have made some subjects laboring in higher education become pandemic television—and what sanguine, ingenious responses to that becoming one may embrace. Finally, the essay moves to a concrete television case study that has instructional value for the would-be instigator of insensitivity training: Jann, a series saturated with elaborations and unfoldings of—which is to say, blueprints for—the uses of awkwardness, discomfort, and insensitivity.
Homeopathy as Praxis: Integration of Homeopathy as Supportive Care into Daily Life in Early Breast Cancer Patients
Authors: Veyrier Clair-Antoine , Roucoux Guillaume , Baumann-Coblentz Laurence , Massol Jacques , Karp Jean-Claude , Wagner Jean-Philippe , Chassany Olivier , Duracinsky Martin
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

Homeopathy is one of most widely used non-conventional supportive care methods used by women with breast cancer. This article aims to describe the routines and practices related to homeopathy as supportive care used by women with non-metastatic breast cancer in France.

Methods:

This qualitative study used Grounded Theory. Participants were women with early breast cancer and healthcare professionals (General Practitioner homeopaths & oncologists). Inclusion depended on specific criteria and the aim of theoretical sampling until data saturation. Data were collected through individual semi-structured interviews and focus groups following evolving topic guides. Transcribed interviews underwent in-depth thematic analysis. Inclusion, interviewing, transcription and coding occurred iteratively. Data was reported according to COREQ guidelines.

Results:

The therapeutic agency of homeopathy was distributed to different actors and ritualized material activities highly involving the patient. The choice of remedy was mostly delegated by patients to General Practitioner homeopaths (GPH) during consultations. Individualization, that is to say adaptation to the patient, differed from other modes of access to homeopathy (self-medication and oncologists). Self-medication was mostly limited to known products in a limited time frame. However, we identified a supported self-medication using trusted homeopathic protocols. Following homeopathic prescriptions involves a high level of commitment on behalf of the patient and follows different rules for homeopathy intake. This knowledge was either acquired earlier for users or discovered along breast cancer treatment for non-users. Taking homeopathy involved small daily actions for intake of different products at different times of the day. New users used strategies to ease the integration of homeopathy into their daily life. The stance toward such rules differed among patients. Some followed rules to optimize their effects while others simplified the rules and took those rituals as part of homeopathy benefits.

Conclusion:

Homeopathy as supportive care in breast cancer is distributed toward different actors and ritualized activities. Homeopathy is a supported practice where GPH played a role in the prescription. Health Literacy in homeopathy played a role to ease its integration into daily life and identify the potential benefits. The high involvement of patients in their homeopathic treatment is a form of treatment reappropriation and empowerment.
Tribological characterisation of 6061 aluminium alloy reinforced with submicron alumina particle under solid lubrication at room temperature
Authors: Al-Qutub Amro , AlHamed Ahmed Abdullah Saad , Samad Mohammed Abdul
Published: May 2024

The tribological behaviour of aluminium (Al) 6061 alloy reinforced with 20% submicron (0.7 µm) alumina (Al2O3) particles has been investigated at room temperature under solid lubricated conditions of graphite and molybdenum disulphide (MoS2). Pin-on-disc wear tests were carried out at various stresses, with the composite pin sliding against an AISI 4041 steel counterface disc. At room temperature and under low and moderate loads, graphite proved to be effective in reducing wear rate by a factor of 6 and coefficient of friction from 0.50 ± 0.01 to 0.20 ± 0.01. Under MoS2 lubrication, the wear rate and coefficient of friction were significantly reduced at all tested loads (5 to 110 N), indicating that MoS2 is an effective lubricant in reducing wear rate by a factor of 40 and coefficient of friction from 0.50 ± 0.01 to 0.06 ± 0.01 for the composite at all loads.
Long-term impact of commonly performed operations in pediatric urology on reproductive and sexual health
Authors: Geada Alexandra , Jivanji Dhaval , Tennenbaum Daniel M. , Ghomeshi Armin , Reddy Raghuram , Sencaj Michael , Thomas Jamie , Nassau Daniel E. , Ramasamy Ranjith
Published: May 2024

Introduction:

Sexual dysfunction is highly prevalent among men of reproductive age. Clinical practice guidelines have been established to assist providers in identification and education of patients who are at increased risk for infertility and sexual dysfunction with certain congenital and acquired urogenital disorders. The authors sought to review the reproductive and sexual health implications of treating common childhood urological conditions with commonly performed surgical procedures.

Methods:

To ensure the inclusion of influential and highly regarded research, we prioritized citations from the most-frequently cited articles on our respective review topics. Our inclusion criteria considered studies with substantial sample sizes and rigorously designed methodologies. Several topics were reviewed, including penile chordee, hypospadias, posterior urethral valves, varicoceles, undescended testicles, and testicular torsion.

Results:

For chordee, surgical plication or corporal grafting may be employed. Erectile function remains unaltered post-surgery, while penile length may decrease after repair, which may be avoided using dermal grafts. Hypospadias repair hinges on severity and availability of the urethral plate. Those who underwent hypospadias repair report decreased penile length, but sexual satisfaction, libido, and semen quality are comparable to controls. Posterior urethral valves are usually treated with valve ablation. While valve ablation and bladder neck incision have not been found to affect ejaculatory function, high degree of concurrent renal dysfunction related to nephrogenic and bladder dysfunction may impact semen parameters and erectile function. Regarding varicocele, earlier management has been associated with better long-term fertility outcomes, and surgical intervention is advisable if there is observable testicular atrophy. Earlier repair of undescended testicle with orchiopexy has been found to improve fertility rates as well as decrease malignancy rates. Unilateral orchiectomy for testicular torsion without the ability for salvage has been shown to have decreased semen parameters but unaffected fertility rates.

Conclusion:

Infertility and sexual dysfunction are multivariable entities, with etiologies both congenital and acquired. At the same time, many common pediatric urology surgeries are performed to correct anatomic pathology that may lead to reproductive dysfunction in adulthood. This review highlights the need for diagnosis and management of pediatric urologic conditions as these conditions may impact long-term sexual function post-operatively.
Assessment of the impact of residual tumors at different sites post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy on prognosis in breast cancer patients and development of a disease-free survival prediction model
Authors: Yang Hanzhao , Ruan Yuxia , Sun Yadong , Wang Peili , Qiao Jianghua , Wang Chengzheng , Liu Zhenzhen
Published: May 2024

Background:

Residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer patients predicts worse outcomes than pathological complete response. Differing prognostic impacts based on the anatomical site of residual tumors are not well studied.

Objectives:

The study aims to assess disease-free survival (DFS) in breast cancer patients with different residual tumor sites following NAC and to develop a nomogram for predicting 1- to 3-year DFS in these patients.

Design:

A retrospective cohort study.

Methods:

Retrospective analysis of 953 lymph node-positive breast cancer patients with residual disease post-NAC. Patients were categorized into three groups: residual disease in breast (RDB), residual disease in lymph nodes (RDN), and residual disease in both (RDBN). DFS compared among groups. Patients were divided into a training set and a validation set in a 7:3 ratio. Prognostic factors for DFS were analyzed to develop a nomogram prediction model.

Results:

RDB patients had superior 3-year DFS of 94.6% versus 85.2% for RDN and 81.8% for RDBN ( p < 0.0001). Clinical T stage, N stage, molecular subtype, and postoperative pN stage were independently associated with DFS on both univariate and multivariate analyses. Nomogram integrating clinical tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, molecular subtype, pathological response demonstrated good discrimination (C-index 0.748 training, 0.796 validation cohort), and calibration.

Conclusion:

The location of residual disease has prognostic implications, with nodal residuals predicting poorer DFS. The validated nomogram enables personalized DFS prediction to guide treatment decisions.
Development of a nomogram to predict the risk of secondary failure of platelet recovery in patients with β-thalassemia major after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a retrospective study
Authors: Xie Yanni , Yang Gaohui , Pan Lin , Gan Zhaoping , Huang Yumei , Lai Yongrong , Liu Rongrong
Published: May 2024

Background:

Secondary failure of platelet recovery (SFPR) is a common complication that influences survival and quality of life of patients with β-thalassemia major (β-TM) after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT).

Objectives:

A model to predict the risk of SFPR in β-TM patients after HSCT was developed.

Design:

A retrospective study was used to develop the prediction model.

Methods:

The clinical data for 218 β-TM patients who received HSCT comprised the training set, and those for another 89 patients represented the validation set. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression algorithm was used to identify the critical clinical factors with nonzero coefficients for constructing the nomogram. Calibration curve, C-index, and receiver operating characteristic curve assessments and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the calibration, discrimination, accuracy, and clinical usefulness of the nomogram. Internal and external validation were used to test and verify the predictive model.

Results:

The nomogram based on pretransplant serum ferritin, hepatomegaly, mycophenolate mofetil use, and posttransplant serum albumin could be conveniently used to predict the SFPR risk of thalassemia patients after HSCT. The calibration curve of the nomogram revealed good concordance between the training and validation sets. The nomogram showed good discrimination with a C-index of 0.780 (95% CI: 70.3–85.7) and 0.868 (95% CI: 78.5–95.1) and AUCs of 0.780 and 0.868 in the training and validation sets, respectively. A high C-index value of 0.766 was reached in the interval validation assessment. DCA confirmed that the nomogram was clinically useful when intervention was decided at the possibility threshold ranging from 3% to 83%.

Conclusion:

We constructed a nomogram model to predict the risk of SFPR in patients with β-TM after HSCT. The nomogram has a good predictive ability and may be used by clinicians to identify SFPR patients early and recommend effective preventive measures.
Collet–Sicard syndrome caused by a paraganglioma in the region of the jugular foramen on one side: A case report and review
Authors: Huang Yanxun , Huang Yanli , Mo Yingnan , Jin Haipeng
Published: May 2024

Collet–Sicard syndrome is a rare neurological disorder caused by injury to the cranial nerve pairs IX, X, X, and XII. The author reports on a previously fit 27-year-old man who presented with dysphagia, choking on drinking water, hoarseness, weakness when turning the neck and shrugging the shoulders, and unexplained weight loss. Enhanced magnetic resonance imaging indicated a space-occupying lesion at the right jugular foramen. After surgical resection, the pathologic findings suggested a paraganglioma of the right jugular foramen and confirmed the diagnosis of Collet–Sicard syndrome. After postoperative treatment with a combination of acupuncture and modern medicine, the patient’s symptoms significantly improved. This article analyzes previous literature regarding Collet–Sicard syndrome etiology and reports the case of a patient with a rare etiology, whose prognosis improved significantly after treatment with a combination of acupuncture and modern medicine.
Customers’ Behavioral Intentions in Relation to Sustainable Green Marketing Activities in Hotels
Authors: Seo Jungwoon , Kim Chang-Sik , Kim Bong-Seok , Park Sihyeon
Published: May 2024

Green marketing in the hotel industry is no longer just an option. As awareness of environmental issues has increased, more consumers have began to prefer eco-friendly products, the so-called “green option” in relation to their behavioral intentions despite higher cost. Previous literatures focused on the relationship from green marketing to value, belief, and norm separately. However, this research applied green marketing to VBN simultaneously. The purpose of the study is to clarify whether hotels’ green marketing activities have a significant effect on the actual behavioral intentions and decision making. The eleven 5-star hotels located in Seoul, South Korea were selected for the survey. The survey was via online due to COVID-19 (coronavirus disease) from August 15, 2020 to August 30, 2020. A total of 318 responses were used for analysis. This study conducted an empirical analysis using SPSS 22 and Amos 22. The result shows that hotels’ green marketing has a positive impact via the VBN theory at large, though the relationships from recycling to norm and pro-environmental programs to value are less significant. In other words, variables such as recycling and energy saving as they pertain to direct behavioral intentions influence hotel customers’ value and belief in psychological perspectives and indirect variables such as pro-environmental programs also influence customer’s belief and norm but not as significantly for value. The results of this study are expected to help us understand which attributes affect behavioral intentions, especially in the hotel industry which is conducting green marketing.
The Effect of Administrator Replacement Circulation in Informal Education Institutions Providing Adult Education on Organizational Culture
Authors: Karatas Suleyman , Yörük Tayfun , Nazaroğlu Reyhan , Doğan Abbas , Kahyaoğlu Ramazan Burak
Published: May 2024

The purpose of this study was to explore the opinions of administrators about the effect of administrator replacement circulation in non-formal education institutions providing adult education on organizational culture. In this qualitative study, ten randomly selected administrators were interviewed using the convenience sampling method. The data were analyzed via the content analysis technique. As a result of the research, most managers think that the institutions providing adult education should be subjected to a different management appointment system than other institutions. While some managers find the organizational change circulation necessary and important for organizational culture, and the preservation and development of the existing culture, some managers stated that changes negatively affect the organizational culture structure. Although there are some differences in opinions among the managers, all managers agree on the importance and provision of the organizational culture in terms of a healthy system functioning in such institutions.
Sustainable Cyber Incivility and Service Innovation: Does Transformational Leadership Matter?
Authors: Hammouri Ghaith Mohammad Mahmoud , Esenyel Ismet , Aljawarneh Nader Mohammad
Published: May 2024

In recent years, there has been an upswing in the research on cyber incivility and its impact on individuals and organizations. Despite its negative consequences, cyber incivility has become increasingly common in the workplace as an increasing number of employees use technology to communicate. This study investigated the impact of cyber incivility on the service innovation of Jordanian hotel workers and the mediating effects of leadership change. A comprehensive survey involving employees of Jordanian hotels was conducted, and responses were subjected to structural equation modeling analysis using Smart PLS 4.0 software. The analysis reveals that cyber incivility has a significant negative direct impact on service innovation, while transformational leadership demonstrates a positive and significant direct effect on service innovation. Additionally, the mediating role of transformational leadership in the relationship between cyber incivility and service innovation is negative and significant (β = −.171, ρ = 0.000), emphasizing its crucial contribution to mitigating the adverse effects of cyber incivility on service innovation in the hotel industry. These findings have important implications for hotel managers seeking to improve their employees’ service innovation and mitigate the negative effects of cyber incivility.
Physical Intimate Partner Violence Against Pregnant Women in Türkiye: A Population Based Study
Authors: Ünver Şeyda , Alkan Ömer , Oktay Erkan
Published: May 2024

This study’s main objective was to determine the factors that led to Turkish women being physically abused by their husbands or partners during pregnancy. The National Research on Domestic Violence against Women in Turkey conducted in 2014 was utilized in our study. We analyzed the survey data using the binary logistic regression method. A pregnant woman who graduated from high school was less likely to encounter physical abuse than an illiterate woman. Those who made more money for the family than their husband or partner were more likely to experience physical abuse. Pregnant women with alcoholic husbands/partners were more likely to experience physical abuse. By supporting the prevention of other potential outcomes for maternal and infant health, implementing screening for partner violence and childbirth phobia in obstetrics and gynecology clinics, and offering comprehensive information about pregnancy labour, we can enhance family and social health.
Additive and Moderating Effect of Parents and Friends on Health and Behavior Outcomes During Emerging Adulthood
Authors: Wood Erin E. , Criss Michael M. , Byrd-Craven Jennifer
Published: May 2024

Relationships with parents and friends may work together to increase the risk of adjustment problems in emerging adulthood. However, it is still undetermined if social relationships act in an additive (i.e., serve as unique predictors) or moderating (i.e., interact with other predictors) fashion. In a cross-sectional sample of 859 female college students ( M age = 19.53, SD = 1.49; 73.9% White) from a large university in the south-central United States, we assessed how parents and best friends impact emerging adult internalizing symptoms, risky behavior, and health problems. We found that low levels of best friend risky behavior attenuated the links between father-emerging adult relationship quality and risky behavior and internalizing symptoms, and high levels of father-emerging adult relationship quality magnified the association between mother-emerging adult relations and internalizing symptoms. Ultimately, these results indicate that relationships with parents and friends served as additive or unique predictors of emerging adult health and behavior.
Organizational Cynicism and Turnover Intention Among Nurses: Do Perceived Organizational Support Moderates the Relationship
Authors: Ike Obinna O. , Chuke Ngozi N. , Nnamchi Onyedikachi C.
Published: May 2024

Introduction

Understanding work dynamics is imperative for organizational efficiency in the healthcare industry. Therefore, achieving such a feat is akin to knowing the interplay between organizational cynicism, organizational support and turnover among nurses in the healthcare sector in Nigeria.

Aim

This present study aimed to examine the moderating role of perceived organizational support on the association between organizational cynicism (cognitive, affective, and behavioral dimensions) and turnover intention among Nigerian nurses.

Methods

The study is a descriptive cross-sectional survey research conducted on a sample of 515 nurses, aged between 29–55 years, with mean age = 34.3 and SD = 9.4 drawn across different government-owned hospitals from the southeast geographical region of Nigeria through snowball sampling method. Three instruments, the Turnover Intention Scale, Organizational Cynicism Scale and Survey of Perceived Organizational Support Scale were used for data collection, while the Hayes PROCESS Macro for SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis.

Results

The results showed that organizational cynicism dimensions were positively associated with turnover intention among nurses, whereas organizational support negatively associated with turnover intention of Nigerian nurses. In addition, perceived organizational support moderated the association between organizational cynicism (affective and behavioral dimensions) and turnover intention among nurses. The study evidenced a strong association between organizational cynicism and turnover intention among nurses in their work setting. The study observed that organizational cynicism is a recipe for nurses’ turnover intention and that organizational support decreased the extent to which nurses experience turnover intention.

Conclusion

The results showed that organizational cynicism dimensions positively associated with turnover intention among nurses in Nigeria. In addition, the association between organizational cynicism (affective and behavioral) dimensions were moderated by perceived organizational support. The study suggests that perceived organizational support mitigates the positive relationship between organizational cynicism and turnover intention. The result provided further evidence of how perceived organizational support can influence motivation and morale in the workplace.
Emotional Support and Mental Health during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Focus on Gender and Sexual Identities
Authors: Gustafson Kristen E. , Manning Wendy D. , Dush Claire M. Kamp
Published: May 2024

Emotional support is essential to health outcomes, especially for marginalized communities. The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic increased the prevalence of mental health issues and thus increased the need for emotional support, particularly for sexual minoritized people. The authors applied minority stress theory and the stress process framework by drawing on a population-based data source of 3,642 respondents, the National Couples’ Health and Time Study, which oversampled sexual minoritized people during the pandemic. The authors examine three sources of emotional support (friends, family, and partners) and their association with three mental health outcomes (depression, anxiety, and loneliness) separately for cisgender men and cisgender women. The authors find that emotional support plays a larger role in the association between sexual identity and mental health for cisgender men than cisgender women. Regardless of gender, bisexual individuals have consistently higher levels of depression, anxiety, and loneliness across all models, and this difference is not attenuated by emotional support.
Work-related quality of life in professionals involved in pediatric palliative care: a repeated cross-sectional comparative effectiveness study
Authors: Gerber Anne-Kathrin , Feuz Ursula , Zimmermann Karin , Mitterer Stefan , Simon Michael , von der Weid Nicolas , Bergsträsser Eva
Published: May 2024

Background:

Working in pediatric palliative care (PPC) impacts healthcare and allied professionals’ work-related quality of life (QoL). Professionals who lack specific PPC training but who regularly provide services to the affected children have articulated their need for support from specialized PPC (SPPC) teams.

Objectives:

This study had two objectives: (1) to evaluate whether the availability of a SPPC team impacted the work-related QoL of professionals not specialized in PPC; and (2) to explore the work-related QoL of professionals working in PPC without specialized training.

Design:

Repeated cross-sectional comparative effectiveness design.

Methods:

One hospital with an established SPPC program and affiliated institutions provided the intervention group (IG). Three hospitals and affiliated institutions where generalist PPC was offered provided the comparison group (CG). Data were collected by paper-pencil questionnaire in 2021 and 2022. The Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL 5) questionnaire was used to assess work-related QoL, yielding separate scores for burnout (BO), secondary traumatic stress (STS) and compassion satisfaction (CS). A descriptive statistical analysis was performed and general estimation equations were modelled. To increase the comparability of the IG and CG, participants were matched by propensity scores.

Results:

The 301 participating non-PPC-specialized professionals had overall low to moderate levels of BO and STS and moderate to high levels of CS. However, none of these scores (BO: p = 0.36; STS: p = 0.20; CS: p = 0.65) correlated significantly with support from an SPPC team. Compared to nurses, physicians showed higher levels of BO (1.70; p = 0.02) and STS (2.69; p ⩽ 0.001).

Conclusion:

Although the study sample’s overall work-related QoL was satisfactory, it showed a considerable proportion of moderate BO and STS, as well as moderate CS. To provide tailored support to professionals working in PPC, evidence regarding key SPPC support elements and their effectiveness is needed.

Trial registration:

ClinicalTrials.gov ID, NCT04236180.
Navigating the digital horizon: Future trends and predictions in Africa
Authors: Mwaura Job
Published: May 2024

The article explores Africa's digital transformation, emphasizing the significant increase in digital engagement, with 473 million Africans currently online and an expected 300 million more by 2025. It discusses the integration of artificial intelligence, Blockchain technology, and the internet of things across various sectors, highlighting their potential to revolutionize agriculture, healthcare, governance, and urban planning in Africa. Despite the promising aspects, the article identifies challenges such as infrastructure needs, regulatory gaps, and digital literacy. It concludes by stressing the importance of education, policy frameworks, and international collaboration to navigate these hurdles and fully harness the potential of digital technologies for Africa's development.
The Role of Sonography in the Case of Congenital Uterine Abnormality: Potential for an Improved Pregnancy Outcome
Authors: Alsukairi Rawan
Published: May 2024

Three-dimensional (3D) sonography is a valuable imaging technique to evaluate the uterus and distinguish the different types of congenital uterine abnormalities. The provided case series demonstrates the unique diagnostic patient findings of a bicornuate uterus and an incompetent cervix. The patient presented over a series of multiple pregnancies that used cervical cerclage, to achieve an improved maternal-fetal outcome. In this patient, her uterine anomaly was diagnosed prior to pregnancy. During each gestation, close diagnostic attention was paid to the shape of the uterus, the location of the gestational, and the cervical length, by using transvaginal sonography. This imaging surveillance played an important diagnostic role in providing a better patient outcome for the patient’s multiple pregnancies. Continued research into the use of 3D sonography, for this specific diagnostic application, is needed to accelerate its use in determining the specific location of gestational sac(s).
Extrasynaptic δGABAA receptors mediate resistance to migraine-like phenotype in rats
Authors: Alpay Berkay , Cimen Bariscan , Akaydin Elif , Onat Filiz , Bolay Hayrunnisa , Sara Yildirim
Published: May 2024

Background

GABA, a key inhibitory neurotransmitter, has synaptic and extrasynaptic receptors on the postsynaptic neuron. Background GABA, which spills over from the synaptic cleft, acts on extrasynaptic delta subunit containing GABAA receptors. The role of extrasynaptic GABAergic input in migraine is unknown. We investigated the susceptibility to valid migraine-provoking substances with clinically relevant behavioral readouts in Genetic Absence Epilepsy of Rats Strasbourg (GAERS), in which the GABAergic tonus was altered. Subsequently, we screened relevant GABAergic mechanisms in Wistar rats by pharmacological means to identify the mechanisms.

Methods

Wistar and GAERS rats were administered nitroglycerin (10 mg/kg) or levcromakalim (1 mg/kg). Mechanical allodynia and photophobia were assessed using von Frey monofilaments and a dark-light box. Effects of GAT-1 blocker tiagabine (5 mg/kg), GABAB receptor agonist baclofen (2 mg/kg), synaptic GABAA receptor agonist diazepam (1 mg/kg), extrasynaptic GABAA receptor agonists gaboxadol (4 mg/kg), and muscimol (0.75 mg/kg), T-type calcium channel blocker ethosuximide (100 mg/kg) or synaptic GABAA receptor antagonist flumazenil (15 mg/kg) on levcromakalim-induced migraine phenotype were screened.

Results

Unlike Wistar rats, GAERS exhibited no reduction in mechanical pain thresholds or light aversion following nitroglycerin or levcromakalim injection. Ethosuximide did not reverse the resistant phenotype in GAERS, excluding the role of T-type calcium channel dysfunction in this phenomenon. Tiagabine prevented levcromakalim-induced mechanical allodynia in Wistar rats, suggesting a key role in enhanced GABA spillover. Baclofen did not alleviate mechanical allodynia. Diazepam failed to mitigate levcromakalim-induced migraine phenotype. Additionally, the resistant phenotype in GAERS was not affected by flumazenil. Extrasynaptic GABAA receptor agonists gaboxadol and muscimol inhibited periorbital allodynia in Wistar rats.

Conclusion

Our study introduced a rat strain resistant to migraine-provoking agents and signified a critical involvement of extrasynaptic δGABAergic receptors. Extrasynaptic δ GABAA receptors, by mediating constant background inhibition on the excitability of neurons, stand as a novel drug target with a therapeutic potential in migraine.

Graphical abstract
Environmental enrichment alleviates hyperalgesia by modulating central sensitization in a nitroglycerin-induced chronic migraine model of mice
Authors: Wang Lei , Liu Xiaoming , Zhu Chenlu , Wu Shouyi , Li Zhilei , Jing Lipeng , Zhang Zhenchang , Jing Yuhong , Wang Yonggang
Published: May 2024

Background

Chronic migraine (CM) is a debilitating neurofunctional disorder primarily affecting females, characterized by central sensitization. Central sensitization refers to the enhanced response to sensory stimulation, which involves changes in neuronal excitability, synaptic plasticity, and neurotransmitter release. Environmental enrichment (EE) can increase the movement, exploration, socialization and other behaviors of mice. EE has shown promising effects in various neurological disorders, but its impact on CM and the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine whether EE has the potential to serve as a cost-effective intervention strategy for CM.

Methods

A mouse CM model was successfully established by repeated administration of nitroglycerin (NTG). We selected adult female mice around 8 weeks old, exposed them to EE for 2 months, and then induced the CM model. Nociceptive threshold tests were measured using Von Frey filaments and a hot plate. The expression of c-Fos, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and inflammatory response were measured using WB and immunofluorescence to evaluate central sensitization. RNA sequencing was used to find differentially expressed genes and signaling pathways. Finally, the expression of the target differential gene was investigated.

Results

Repeated administration of NTG can induce hyperalgesia in female mice and increase the expression of c-Fos and CGRP in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC). Early exposure of mice to EE reduced NTG-induced hyperalgesia in CM mice. WB and immunofluorescence revealed that EE inhibited the overexpression of c-Fos and CGRP in the TNC of CM mice and alleviated the inflammatory response of microglia activation. RNA sequencing analysis identified that several central sensitization-related signaling pathways were altered by EE. VGluT1, a key gene involved in behavior, internal stimulus response, and ion channel activity, was found to be downregulated in mice exposed to EE.

Conclusion

EE can significantly ameliorate hyperalgesia in the NTG-induced CM model. The mechanisms may be to modulate central sensitization by reducing the expression of CGRP, attenuating the inflammatory response, and downregulating the expression of VGluT1, etc., suggesting that EE can serve as an effective preventive strategy for CM.
From nature to nanomedicine: bioengineered metallic nanoparticles bridge the gap for medical applications
Authors: Patel Jitendra , Kumar G. Shiva , Roy Harekrishna , Maddiboyina Balaji , Leporatti Stefano , Bohara Raghvendra A.
Published: May 2024

The escalating global challenge of antimicrobial resistance demands innovative approaches. This review delves into the current status and future prospects of bioengineered metallic nanoparticles derived from natural sources as potent antimicrobial agents. The unique attributes of metallic nanoparticles and the abundance of natural resources have sparked a burgeoning field of research in combating microbial infections. A systematic review of the literature was conducted, encompassing a wide range of studies investigating the synthesis, characterization, and antimicrobial mechanisms of bioengineered metallic nanoparticles. Databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Springer, Taylor & Francis online and OpenAthen were extensively searched to compile a comprehensive overview of the topic. The synthesis methods, including green and sustainable approaches, were examined, as were the diverse biological sources used in nanoparticle fabrication. The amalgamation of metallic nanoparticles and natural products has yielded promising antimicrobial agents. Their multifaceted mechanisms, including membrane disruption, oxidative stress induction, and enzyme inhibition, render them effective against various pathogens, including drug-resistant strains. Moreover, the potential for targeted drug delivery systems using these nanoparticles has opened new avenues for personalized medicine. Bioengineered metallic nanoparticles derived from natural sources represent a dynamic frontier in the battle against microbial infections. The current status of research underscores their remarkable antimicrobial efficacy and multifaceted mechanisms of action. Future prospects are bright, with opportunities for scalability and cost-effectiveness through sustainable synthesis methods. However, addressing toxicity, regulatory hurdles, and environmental considerations remains crucial. In conclusion, this review highlights the evolving landscape of bioengineered metallic nanoparticles, offering valuable insights into their current status and their potential to revolutionize antimicrobial therapy in the future.

Graphical Abstract
Laparoscopic Enucleation of an Extravesical Bladder Leiomyoma: A Case Report
Authors: Mahfuz Muhammad Ainul , Bramono Ikhlas Arief , Rahman Fakhri , Iriani Dewi , Harahap Edward Usfie , Santoso Rachmat Budi
Published: May 2024

Background

The management of leiomyomas, the most common benign mesenchymal tumours, remains highly debated. This case report presents the first laparoscopic enucleation of an extravesical bladder leiomyoma in Indonesia.

Case presentation

A 48-year-old man presented with a lower abdominal mass. An abdominopelvic computed tomography scan showed a solid tumour mass in the right anterolateral wall of the bladder. To excise the mass, it was planned for the patient to undergo laparoscopic enucleation. The mass was removed intact, and a frozen section was taken to determine the malignancy profile. Histopathological examinations, followed by immunohistochemical examinations, confirmed the diagnosis of leiomyoma.

Conclusions

Laparoscopic enucleation is a promising option for managing bladder masses. It is a minimally invasive procedure with optimal results for preserving bladder function. Prior to the surgery, imaging studies and cystoscopy examination are mandatory.
OMD Curation Toolkit: a workflow for in-house curation of public omics datasets
Authors: Piquer-Esteban Samuel , Arnau Vicente , Diaz Wladimiro , Moya Andrés
Published: May 2024

Background

Major advances in sequencing technologies and the sharing of data and metadata in science have resulted in a wealth of publicly available datasets. However, working with and especially curating public omics datasets remains challenging despite these efforts. While a growing number of initiatives aim to re-use previous results, these present limitations that often lead to the need for further in-house curation and processing.

Results

Here, we present the Omics Dataset Curation Toolkit (OMD Curation Toolkit), a python3 package designed to accompany and guide the researcher during the curation process of metadata and fastq files of public omics datasets. This workflow provides a standardized framework with multiple capabilities (collection, control check, treatment and integration) to facilitate the arduous task of curating public sequencing data projects. While centered on the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA), the majority of the provided tools are generic and can be used to curate datasets from different sources.

Conclusions

Thus, it offers valuable tools for the in-house curation previously needed to re-use public omics data. Due to its workflow structure and capabilities, it can be easily used and benefit investigators in developing novel omics meta-analyses based on sequencing data.
The effect of fecal microbiota transplantation on antibiotic-associated diarrhea and its impact on gut microbiota
Authors: Wang Le , Guo Gongjing , Xu Yue , Li Long , Yang Bo , Zhao Di , Tian Hongliang , Ye Chen , Lin Zhiliang , Cui Jiaqu , Li Ning , Huang Long , Chen Qiyi
Published: May 2024

Background

Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) refers to symptoms of diarrhea that cannot be explained by other causes after the use of antibiotics. AAD is thought to be caused by a disruption of intestinal ecology due to antibiotics. Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) is a treatment method that involves transferring microbial communities from the feces of healthy individuals into the patient’s gut.

Method

We selected 23 AAD patients who received FMT treatment in our department. Before FMT, we documented patients’ bowel movement frequency, abdominal symptoms, routine blood tests, and inflammatory markers, and collected fecal samples for 16S rRNA sequencing to observe changes in the intestinal microbiota. Patients’ treatment outcomes were followed up 1 month and 3 months after FMT.

Results

Out of the 23 AAD patients, 19 showed a clinical response to FMT with alleviation of abdominal symptoms. Among them, 82.61% (19/23) experienced relief from diarrhea, 65% (13/20) from abdominal pain, 77.78% (14/18) from abdominal distension, and 57.14% (4/7) from bloody stools within 1 month after FMT. Inflammatory markers IL-8 and CRP significantly decreased after FMT, but there were no noticeable changes in WBC, IL-6, and TNF-α before and after transplantation. After FMT, the abundance of Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium increased in patients’ fecal samples, while the abundance of Escherichia-Shigella and Veillonella decreased.

Conclusion

FMT has a certain therapeutic effect on AAD, and can alleviate abdominal symptoms and change the intestinal microbiota of patients.
Effect of methyl jasmonate and GA3 on canola (Brassica napus L.) growth, antioxidants activity, and nutrient concentration cultivated in salt-affected soils
Authors: Danish Subhan , Sana Sundas , Hussain Muhammad Baqir , Dawar Khadim , Almoallim Hesham S. , Ansari Mohammad Javed , Hareem Misbah , Datta Rahul
Published: May 2024

Salinity stress is a significant challenge in agricultural production. When soil contains high salts, it can adversely affect plant growth and productivity due to the high concentration of soluble salts in the soil water. To overcome this issue, foliar applications of methyl jasmonate (MJ) and gibberellic acid (GA3) can be productive amendments. Both can potentially improve the plant’s growth attributes and flowering, which are imperative in improving growth and yield. However, limited literature is available on their combined use in canola to mitigate salinity stress. That’s why the current study investigates the impact of different levels of MJ (at concentrations of 0.8, 1.6, and 3.2 mM MJ) and GA3 (0GA3 and 5 mg/L GA3) on canola cultivated in salt-affected soils. Applying all the treatments in four replicates. Results indicate that the application of 0.8 mM MJ with 5 mg/L GA3 significantly enhances shoot length (23.29%), shoot dry weight (24.77%), number of leaves per plant (24.93%), number of flowering branches (26.11%), chlorophyll a (31.44%), chlorophyll b (20.28%) and total chlorophyll (27.66%) and shoot total soluble carbohydrates (22.53%) over control. Treatment with 0.8 mM MJ and 5 mg/L GA3 resulted in a decrease in shoot proline (48.17%), MDA (81.41%), SOD (50.59%), POD (14.81%) while increase in N (10.38%), P (15.22%), and K (8.05%) compared to control in canola under salinity stress. In conclusion, 0.8 mM MJ + 5 mg/L GA3 can improve canola growth under salinity stress. More investigations are recommended at the field level to declare 0.8 mM MJ + 5 mg/L GA3 as the best amendment for alleviating salinity stress in different crops.