bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of VEGF gene polymorphism on the survival of a patient with non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Shapetska M. N. , Mikhalenka A. P. , Shchayuk A. N. , Mirilenko L. V. , Gorbatenko L. V. , Kilchevsky A. V.
Published: July 2024

Currently, much attention is paid to studying the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) that stimulates angiogenesis, as a potential target for antiangiogenic therapy. The purpose of this work was to study the effect of polymorphic variants rs2010963 (G-634C), rs699947 (A-2578C), and rs3025039 (C+936T) of the VEGF gene, encoding a vascular endothelial growth factor, on the overall (OS) and adjusted survival (AS) of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at stages I–III. The effect of VEGF rs699947 polymorphic variants on the extent of tumor spread was shown. A connection between AS and polymorphic variants rs2010963 (G-634C) and rs699947 (A-2578C) was established. The one-year adjusted survival (AS) in the -634G/C genotype carriers was 81.9 ± 3.9 %; in the -634G/G genotype carriers – 92.8 ± 2.5 %; and p = 0.016 was the significance level. Two-year AS was as follows: in the carriers of the -634G/C genotype was 70.4 ± 4.6 %; in the carriers of the -634G/G genotype – 84.3 ± 3.5 %; and p = 0.015. Three-year AS: in the carriers of the -634G/ genotype C was 63.0 ± 4.9 %; in the carriers of the -634G/G genotype – 76.7 ± 4.1 %; and p = 0.029. One-year and two-year AS in the carriers of the -2578A/A genotype was significantly higher than in the carriers of the -2578C/C genotype (p = 0.015 and p = 0.042 respectively). The identified influence of the polymorphic variants rs2010963 and rs699947 on the survival of NSCLC patients during the first three years after the established diagnosis shows a need to use knowledge about the genetic characteristics of a tumor during therapy.
Analysis of the hydrogen safety of the NPP with a VVER-1200/V-491 reactor in a severe beyond design based accident
Authors: Tretinnikov D. L. , Doinikova A. V. , Nagula P. K.
Published: July 2024

The results of a computational analysis of possible modes of combustion of a hydrogen-air mixture in containment during the evolution of a severe beyond design basis accident (BDBA) with the COCOSYS code are presented. The containment of the NPP with a VVER-1200/V-491 reactor was selected as the object of study. BDBA with loss of coolant occurs due to a break of the injection pipeline of the pressurizer system (LOCA DN179) and the simultaneous failure of all active channels of the emergency core cooling system (ECCS). The calculated parameters of the thermodynamic state (pressure and temperature) of the gas mixture are given, and the values of the concentration distribution of hydrogen inside the containment are presented. After calculating the hydrogen distribution and mixing in all compartments of the containment, an evaluation was made of the flammability of the mixture and the potential for self-ignition in the containment by using a three-component Shapiro-Moffette diagram. It was concluded that in BDBA (LOCA DN179 with failure of active ECCS) detonation of the hydrogen-containing mixture is excluded, and deflagration is possible only in the emergency compartment of steam generators with a pipeline break. Thus, the hydrogen risk mitigation has been achieved in accordance with the standards established by the Belarusian regulator, provided that the localization safety systems are operational in the event of hydrogen deflagration. And the efficiency of the hydrogen removal system from the containment using catalytic recombination is considered sufficient for the considered BDBA.
Pengembangan E-Modul Kimia Materi Larutan Penyangga Berbasis Kontekstual pada Pembelajaran Daring Siswa SMA KELAS XI
Authors: Aminah Aminah , Muntari Muntari , Wildan Wildan , Loka I Nyoman
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian pengembangan (R&D) yang bertujuan untuk menghasilkan e-modul kimia berbasis kontekstual pada materi larutan penyangga dan untuk mengetahui kualitas e-modul yang dikembangkan ditinjau dari tingkat kevalidan dan kepraktisan. E-modul kimia berbasis kontekstual pada materi larutan penyangga telah berhasil dikembangkan. Penelitian ini menggunakan model pengembangan 4-D yang sampai pada tahap develop. Subjek dalam penelitian ini yaitu 2 orang ahli untuk uji validitas, 2 orang guru kimia beserta 60 peserta didik SMAN 1 Sakra untuk uji praktikalitas e-modul. Data yang diambil dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari hasil observasi, angket, dan dokumentasi. E-modul yang telah dikembangkan dinyatakan sangat valid oleh validator ditinjau dari beberapa aspek penilaian dengan nilai rata-rata didapatkan sebesar 83,25 % serta sangat praktis dengan rata-rata persentase dari guru kimia dan peserta didik masing-masing sebesar 91,13% dan 87,82%. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa e-modul kimia berbasis kontekstual pada materi larutan penyangga yang telah dikembangkan memenuhi kriteria sangat valid dan sangat praktis untuk digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran daring maupun pembelajaran secara tatap muka.
Development of Student Activity Sheets with a Scientific Approach on Hydrocarbons and Petroleum Topics
Authors: Hartina Bq , Laksmiwati Dwi , Anwar Yunita Arian Sani
Published: July 2024

This study aims to determine the validity and practicality of student activity sheets with a scientific approach to hydrocarbon and petroleum materials for class XI High School that have been developed. This type of research is a research and development R&D (Research and Development) 4D model offered by Thiagarajan which consists of four stages, namely the definition stage, the design stage, the development stage and the dissemination stage. LKPD validation is carried out by validators. The results show that the validity of the LKPD that has been assessed by the validators in the content aspect is in the very valid category with an average percentage value of 88.3%, the display aspect is 88.19% with a very valid category, the language aspect is 91.7 % with a very valid category, and aspects of use and presentation of 82.14% with a fairly valid category. The practicality of the LKPD is known from the student response questionnaires. The results of the student response questionnaire obtained an average percentage value of 82% with a very practical category. The results of this study indicate that the student activity sheet with a scientific approach to the material of hydrocarbons and petroleum in class XI High School which was developed is valid and practical to be used as teaching material in chemistry learning in class.
Penggunaan Model Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Jigsaw Berbantuan Media Socrative untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Kimia kelas X SMA
Authors: Budhiartini Baiq Nely , Junaidi Eka , Anwar Yunita Arian Sani
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana penggunaan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw berbantuan media socrative dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar kimia kelas X SMA. Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah quasi experimental design. Sampel dipilih secara acak (simple random sampling) yaitu kelas X MIPA 1 sebagai kelas kontrol dan X MIPA 3 sebagai kelas eksperimen. Variabel bebas dari penelitian ini adalah penggunaan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw berbantuan media socrative pada kelas eksperimen dan penggunaan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw pada kelas kontrol. Variabel terikat dalam penelitian ini adalah hasil belajar kimia. Hasil belajar kimia tersebut dilakukan uji N-gain dengan hasil bahwa siswa kelas eksperimen memiliki nilai N-gain dalam kategori efektif paling banyak sebesar 63,88% dibanding kelas kontrol sebesar 17,14%. Data dalam penelitian ini dinyatakan tidak normal dan homogen. Selanjutnya uji hipotesis dilakukan dengan uji Mann-Withney dan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil dari uji hipotesis tersebut adalah terdapat pengaruh penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe jigsaw berbantuan media socrative terhadap hasil belajar kimia kelas X SMA
A Analisis Penggunaan Metode dan Media Pembelajaran pada Materi Hidrokarbon di Tingkat Sekolah Mengengah Atas
Authors: Simatupang Nova Irawati , Naqsyahbandi Fajar , Wijoyo Mulyopratikno Fapriyan , Atun Sri , Arianingrum Retno
Published: July 2024

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan identifikasi dan analisis penggunaan metode mengajar dan media pembelajaran yang digunakan guru kimia dalam mengajarkan materi kimia organik khususnya topik Hidrokarbon di Sekolah Menengah Atas, serta kaitannya dengan tingkat pemahaman siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif, dimana untuk mengumpulkan data menggunakan instrumen penelitian berupa angket yang dibagikan dengan menggunakan google form kepada responden. Adapun yang menjadi responden penelitian adalah guru kimia SMA di wilayah Jakarta yang dipilih secara random sebanyak 22 guru. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa metode mengajar yang paling banyak digunakan oleh guru pada topik Hidrokarbon adalah diskusi kelompok yaitu sebesar 20,20% Sedangkan media pembelajaran yang paling banyak digunakan guru adalah media molymod sebesar 23,29% dan media pembelajaran berbasis IT sebesar 20,55%. Untuk pemanfaatan media IT/ digital pada materi hidrokarbon lebih banyak menggunakan Ms.Power Point/ Prezi/ Canva sebesar 34,48% dan video animasi sebesar 29,31%. Dengan menggunakan metode dan media pembelajaran yang digunakan oleh guru pada topik hidrokarbon, dapat membantu tingkat pemahaman siswa pada range 60-80 sebesar 64% dan lebih dari 80 sebesar 32%.
Efektivitas Proyek Alat Peraga Teori Atom 3D Berbasis STEM Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa
Authors: Ros Amanda Ade , Kurniasih Dedeh , Kurniati Tuti
Published: July 2024

Kurangnya keterlibatan siswa dalam pembelajaran disebabkan oleh penggunaan model dan alat pengajaran yang tidak mendorong partisipasi langsung. Oleh karena itu hasil belajar siswa menjadi rendah dan diperlukan pengembangan model pembelajaran yang memprioritaskan partisipasi siswa. Salah satu pendekatan yang bisa diambil adalah pembelajaran berbasis proyek yang mengintegrasikan sains, teknologi, teknik, dan matematika (STEM). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keefektifan proyek alat peraga 3D berbasis STEM pada materi perkembangan model teori atom terhadap hasil belajar siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan metode pre-experimental design tipe one group pretest-posttest dengan sampel sebanyak 30 siswa kelas X Kubu Raya yang diambil dengan teknik sampling purporsive. . Menguji normalitas distribusi masing-masing kelompok pretest dan posttest dengan menggunakan uji SPSS 26,0 for windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar siswa dari 18% menjadi 82% dengan nilai effect size 5,03 memperoleh kategori Strong Effect. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran proyek alat peraga teori atom 3D berbasis STEM efektif digunakan dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
The Effect of the Blended Learning Model Based on the Nearpod Application on Students' Physics Interest and Learning Outcomes at MAN
Authors: Cahyani Vandaria Dewi , Maryani Maryani , Nuraini Lailatul
Published: July 2024

This research aims to determine the effect of a blended learning model based on the application of Nearpod on students' interest and learning outcomes in physics at one of the secondary schools in Jember. This research is a type of experimental research that uses a post-test only control group design. The population of this study were students of class XI MIPA and XI BIC. Sampling used a random sampling technique, so that XI BIC 2 students were obtained as a control group implementing the conventional learning model and XI MIPA 1 as an experimental group implementing blended learning based on the Nearpod application. The instrument used is a physics student interest questionnaire which consists of 4 indicators and a post test in the form of a multiple-choice test which refers to students' cognitive abilities to remember (C1), understand (C2), apply (C3), analyze (C4), evaluate (C5), and create (C6). Questionnaire data and post test data regarding the influence of blended learning based on the Nearpod application on students' interest in learning and physics learning outcomes will be tested for homogeneity. If a significance value >0.05 is obtained, questionnaire and post test data for the control class and experimental class were normally distributed. Interest data and physics learning outcomes were analyzed using parametric statistics, namely the Independent Sample T-test. Based on the hypothesis testing criteria, H0 is rejected (Ha is accepted) if the sig value is <0.05, meaning that there is an influence of the Nearpod application-based blended learning model on student physics interest. Meanwhile, in the physics learning outcome test, students got the sig value of <0.05, which means that Ha is accepted, meaning that there is an influence of the Nearpod-based blended learning model on student physics learning outcomes. The application of the blended learning model based on the Nearpod application has a significant effect on students' interest and learning outcomes in physics.
The Implementation of STEM-PBL Learning to Enhance Students' Critical Thinking Skills
Authors: Khoirunnissa Rahma , Suwarma Irma Rahma , Muslim Muslim
Published: July 2024

This research is motivated by the importance of having 21st century skills, one of which is critical thinking skills. However, the facts show that students' critical thinking skills have not been fully realized optimally. Based on the results of preliminary studies and literature studies show that students' critical thinking skills are in the low to medium category.  This research aims to enhance students' critical thinking skills through the implementation of STEM-PBL learning in the topic of temperature and heat. The research method used is quantitative research, specifically a pre-experimental design with the One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. This study involved 36 eleventh-grade students high school as the research sample. Data collection was done through a formative test based on critical thinking skill indicators. The research results indicate that the implementation of STEM-PBL learning can enhance students' critical thinking skills with an N-gain value of 0.5, categorized as medium. The highest N-gain was achieved in the indicator of basics clarification, while the lowest was in the indicator of advance clarification. Overall, the implementation of STEM-PBL learning has a positive impact on improving students' thinking skills.
Range Different of Mono-Energetic 290 MeV/u Carbon Ion Across Geant4 Version with Variation of I-values
Authors: Efendi M. Arif , Yani Sitti
Published: July 2024

The mean ionization potential (I-value) is a primary determinant of the position of the heavy ion Bragg peak. To minimize their impact on beam range errors and quantify their uncertainties, the currently used I-values in Geant4 material database are revisited. The study aims at comparing set of I-values in different Geant4 versions and cross validation with PHITS Monte Carlo (MC) code. The Bragg curves of mono-energetic 290 MeV/u carbon ion beams in a Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) phantom were simulated using Geant4 versions 10.6.2 and 11.2.1. Similar beam energies were replicated using the PHITS code. The Bragg curves showed good agreement between the two versions of Geant4 MC code for an I-value of 74 eV, corresponding to G4_PLEXIGLASS in the material database. When the I-value was lowered to 65 eV and 48 eV, the Bragg curves from Geant4 version 11.2.1 shifted to shallower depths. This research provides insights for evaluating the Geant4 physics model.
Comparing the Performance of Optical Communication Links using G.652 and G.655 Fiber in Python Packages
Authors: Adiati Rima , Yani Sitti
Published: July 2024

This study investigates and compares the performance of a 10 Gbps optical communication link utilizing two prevalent single-mode fibers: G.652 and G.655. The analysis employs both theoretical calculations and Python-based simulations to assess the effectiveness of each fiber type in this high-speed transmission scenario. With the ever-growing demand for bandwidth in communication networks, 10 Gbps transmission systems are becoming increasingly commonplace. Single-mode fibers like G.652 and G.655 play a vital role in these systems, offering low signal attenuation for long-distance data transmission. However, each fiber type exhibits distinct dispersion characteristics, which can impact signal integrity over extended distances. This investigation adopts a two method for performance evaluation. Firstly, link power budget calculations are performed to determine the optical signal power before and after propagating through a 50-kilometer fiber span. The received power serves as the foundation for subsequent Q-factor and Bit Error Rate (BER) analysis. These calculations establish the theoretical limitations of the system based on well-defined formulas. Secondly, Python-based simulations are conducted to corroborate the theoretical findings and provide a more comprehensive performance assessment. This approach leverages the capabilities of two prominent Python packages: Opticomlib and OpticommPy. Opticomlib excels at analyzing the behavior of individual optical pulses within the system, enabling an understanding of the signal propagation. On the other hand, OpticommPy specializes in parameter sweep analysis, allowing for the investigation of how critical parameters like received power influence the Q-factor. By combining these functionalities, the simulations provide a detailed picture of the system's performance under various conditions. The calculated BER and Q-factor values for both G.652 and G.655 fiber links surpass the industry-accepted performance standards. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of using Python-based tools for comprehensive performance analysis of optical communication systems. However, it's important to note that slight discrepancies exist between the calculated and simulated results.
Implementation of Project Based Learning on Students' Learning Interest and Understanding of Physics Concepts
Authors: Baharuddin Nurhaliza , Usman  , Khaeruddin Khaeruddin , Setiawan Trisno
Published: July 2024

This research is pre-experimental research which aims to determine the increase in students' interest in learning and understanding of physics concepts after implementing the Project Based Learning (PjBL) model in physics subjects at SMA Negeri 1 Bone. This research uses One Group Pretest-Posttest Design. The class that was the research subject was class XI MIPA 2. The total number of research subjects was 33 students. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2010 using descriptive analysis and N-Gain test analysis to see the increase in students' interest in learning and understanding of physics concepts by applying the PjBL model to static fluid material. Based on the results of research on interest in learning physics, the average pretest score was 88.78 and the posttest score was 126.45, and for understanding physics concepts, the pretest score was 10 and for the posttest it was 16.12. For the results of the N-Gain test analysis on interest in learning physics, it was found that 33.33% was in the high category and 66.67% was found in the medium category. For the results of the N-Gain test analysis on understanding physics concepts, 33.33% were in the high category and 66.67% were in the medium category. This proves that before implementing the PjBL model, students' interest in learning and understanding of physics concepts were in the medium category. and after implementing the PjBL model, students' interest in learning and understanding of physics concepts is in the high category. The PjBL model can increase interest in learning and understanding of physics concepts in class XI MIPA 2 students at SMAN 1 Bone.
Vozes da educação em tempos de desafio
Authors: Santana Lucimara , Araújo Márcia Moreira de
Published: July 2024

A publicação se propõe a mergulhar nas experiências e relatos impactantes de indivíduos que vivenciaram os desafios da educação durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Através da análise de conteúdo de entrevistas autênticas, buscamos revelar as nuances do impacto desse cenário nas vidas de estudantes em fase de alfabetização, mães e responsáveis, professores dedicados e outros protagonistas desse universo educacional.
RASTREIO DE PRÁTICAS DE ATIVIDADE FÍSICA E COMPORTAMENTO NUTRICIONAL EM GESTANTES DO PRIMEIRO AO TERCEIRO TRIMESTRE
Authors: Cavalcante Lucas Sousa , Lima Anderson dos Santos Freire , Rodrigues Neto Edmilson Gonçalves , Lopes Nelson Aragão , Moraes Wilson César Gomes , Lima Victor Kleber Gomes Parente Alves , Melo Fernanda de Jesus Lopes de , Freitas Tatiana Maria Barreto de , Pimentel Mara Izabel Carneiro , Oliveira Suzane Katy Rocha , Silva Darlan Ferreira da
Published: July 2024

O avanço da tecnologia promoveu a facilitação na produção e recebimento de alimentos em todo o mundo. Em contrapartida, a disseminação de informações, principalmente relacionadas a alimentação saudável, não seguiu o mesmo padrão. A gestação é um marco para a mulher, pois compreende o desenvolvimento espiritual, emocional e físico o indivíduo que irá administrar a sociedade em que vive. Associado a isto, uma alimentação saudável é imprescindível para o desenvolvimento natural e com o mínimo de intercorrências ao feto. Neste trabalho, os autores analisam dados a partir de uma coleta árdua de questionamentos perante as gestantes, relacionando o seu estilo de vido para definir o comportamento das mesmas em meio a uma sociedade diversificada e sem conhecimentos prévios.

Palavras-chave: Alimentação, Gestante, Sociedade, Estilo de vida e Saúde.
PREVALÊNCIA DE SÍNDROME METABÓLICA DE USUÁRIOS DE UM CENTRO DE ATENÇÃO DO HIPERTENSO E DIABÉTICO
Authors: Linhares Ana Paula Costa , Rodrigues Daniel Vitor dos Santos , Nascimento Isac Sousa , Fernandes Isadora Marçal Barbosa , Santos Ivana Maria Batista , Oliveira Kauanna Layla Marques Cavalcante de , Linhares Maria Fernanda Sousa , Muniz Sandara Cardoso , Santos Vitor Castro dos , Barbosa Janaina Maiana Abreu
Published: July 2024

A Síndrome Metabólica (SM) é conceituada como conjunto de distúrbios metabólicos que juntos podem favorecer maior risco cardiovascular. A estimativa da SM é de 30% para adultos brasileiros com tendência a aumento conforme envelhecimento. O objetivo desse estudo foi estimar a prevalência da síndrome metabólica de usuários em um Centro de Atenção ao Hipertenso e Diabético (CAHD). Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado em um CAHD do estado do Maranhão no período de outubro a novembro de 2023 em indivíduos de 17 a 81 anos. Foi aplicado um questionário com variáveis socioeconômicas, critérios clínicos, estilo de vida, consumos alimentares e critérios do IDF para Síndrome Metabólica. Foram entrevistados 82 usuários e selecionados 56 para análise. Desses, 66,07% (n=37) eram do sexo feminino, 51,79% (n=29) tinham idade de 40 a 59 anos, 32,14% (n=18) fumavam, 48,21% (n=27) ingeriam bebida alcóolica, 62,5% (n=35) eram sedentários. A prevalência da síndrome metabólica foi de 21,43% (n=12) segundo critérios do IDF. A maioria dos critérios para síndrome metabólica não estavam alterados. O critério mais alterado foi a pressão arterial. Destacou-se a prevalência de casos com diabetes, hipertensão e sedentarismo.

Palavras-chave: Sistema Único de Saúde, Atenção Primária, Síndrome Metabólica.
A IATROGENIA NA POLIFARMÁCIA EM IDOSOS
Authors: Mendes Ana Clara de Almeida , Freato Augusto Hipolito Chagas , Mendes Cibele Correa , Sá Emanuely Gomes de Pádua , Machado Leonardo Menegussi , Simão Sahda Elouf , Freitas Neto Valdemiro , Beckman Lucas Frota , Carvalho Raquel Araujo de , Alencar Rosângela Rodrigues , Leite Silvia Raimunda Costa , Silva Maria Raimunda Chagas
Published: July 2024

O fenômeno da polifarmácia, caracterizado pelo uso excessivo de medicamentos por idosos, é uma preocupação crescente na atualidade. A iatrogenia, resultante das interações medicamentosas diárias, pode ocorrer com ou sem controle médico, apresentando riscos que vão desde hospitalizações até óbito. O envelhecimento provoca alterações fisiológicas que influenciam a farmacocinética e a farmacodinâmica dos medicamentos, tornando os idosos mais sensíveis aos efeitos terapêuticos e adversos. Foi realizado um estudo de abordagem quantitativa transversal, a partir do questionário SF-36. Objetivo: Avaliar a correlação do número de fármacos utilizados e a qualidade de vida do idoso. Por meio do questionário aplicado, foram avaliados um total de 52 pacientes, por meio dele pode-se identificar o contingente de idosos em uso de medicamentos em excesso, com ou sem orientação de um profissional, e seu impacto no cotidiano individual; além disso, os resultados destacaram outros aspectos relevantes, como os efeitos colaterais relatados pelos idosos, a falta de adesão à medicação prescrita, as limitações físicas e a presença de sintomas emocionais, como a depressão. Essas questões ressaltam a importância de uma abordagem holística no cuidado aos idosos, considerando não apenas as condições médicas, mas também os aspectos físicos, emocionais e sociais. O estudo enfatiza a relevância da temática da polifarmácia na população idosa, destacando os desafios associados ao uso de múltiplos medicamentos.

Palavras-chave: Iatrogenia, polifarmácia, idoso.
OS IMPACTOS DA VIOLÊNCIA URBANA NA SAÚDE MENTAL DOS MOTORISTAS DE ÔNIBUS DO TRANSPORTE PÚBLICO
Authors: Netto Otaviano Martins Costa
Published: July 2024

A pesquisa destaca a vulnerabilidade dos motoristas de transporte público às situações estressoras como assaltos, resultado dos altos índices de violência urbana. Atrelado a isso, estes profissionais enfrentam múltiplas demandas laborais, fatores que, juntos, podem levar a quadros de Transtorno de Estresse Pós-Traumático (TEPT) e Síndrome de Burnout. Para desenvolver a pesquisa, foi adotada a metodologia bibliográfica e de caráter exploratório. O estudo conclui que urge a necessidade de melhorar as condições de trabalho e de oferecer suporte psicológico adequado a esses profissionais, assim como políticas públicas.

Palavras-chave: motoristas de ônibus; violência urbana; transporte público; Transtorno do Estresse Pós-Traumático; Síndrome de Burnout.
TERAPIA COGNITIVO-COMPORTAMENTAL (TCC) E MINDFULNESS NO TRATAMENTO DE TRANSTORNOS DE ANSIEDADE (TAG): UM ESTUDO EXPLORATÓRIO
Authors: Botelho Junior Veranil Lacerda , Ferreira Venísia Maria Silva
Published: July 2024

O tema deste artigo é a integração entre a abordagem da Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental (TCC) e a aplicação de Mindfulness no tratamento de TAG (TAG) a partir da descrição de como esta ferramenta é eficaz quando aplicada em processos clínicos por profissionais da abordagem citada. O objetivo geral é investigar, em pesquisa exploratória-bibliográfica, a eficácia da abordagem integrada de TCC e Mindfulness no tratamento de TAG a partir da descrição de como os profissionais da TCC integram e aplicam essa ferramenta em tratamento de pacientes com TAG e quais resultados obtiveram. Os objetivos específicos são: descrever como são aplicadas técnicas de Mindfulness integradas às sessões de TCC para reforçar os objetivos terapêuticos do tratamento do TAG, além de revisar a literatura sobre a prática terapêutica que integre a TCC à técnica de Mindfulness em contexto de pacientes com ansiedade, elencar estudos e pesquisas que sustentam a eficácia ao integrarem TCC e Mindfulness no tratamento de ansiedade e avaliar os benefícios da prática de Mindfulness na redução de sintomas de ansiedade. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratório-bibliográfica, contemplando os artigos piblicados, em português, de 2014 a maio/2024, em plataformas de divulgação científica. Conclui-se, portanto, que as técnicas de Mindifulness, nos três artigos revisados, mostraram-se como um recurso eficaz para a redução da ansiedade, tendo atingido o objetivo esperado que foi, justamente, saber que as técnicas da atenção plena, associadas à TCC, eram eficazes no manejo dos transtornos ansiosos.

Palavras-chave: TCC. Mindfulness. TAG. Pesquisa exploratório-bibliográfica.
Pro-poor Growth: Concepts and Measurement with Country Case Studies (Distinguished Lecture)
Authors: Nanak Kakwani  , Hyun H. Son
Published: July 2024

This paper looks into the interrelation between economic growth, inequality, and poverty. Using the notion of pro-poor growth, we examine the extent to which the poor benefit from economic growth. First, various approaches to defining and measuring propoor growth are scrutinised using a variety of criteria. It is argued that the satisfaction of a monotonicity axiom is a key criterion for measuring pro-poor growth. The monotonicity axiom sets out a condition that the proportional reduction in poverty is a monotonically increasing function of the pro-poor growth measure. The paper proposes a pro-poor growth measure that satisfies the monotonicity criterion. This measure is called a ‘poverty equivalent growth rate’, which takes into account both the magnitude of growth and how the benefits of growth are distributed to the poor and the non-poor. As the new measure satisfies the criterion of monotonicity, it is indicative that to achieve rapid poverty reduction, the poverty equivalent growth rate—rather than the actual growth rate—ought to be maximised. The methodology developed in the paper is then applied to three Asian countries, namely, the Republic of Korea, Thailand, and Vietnam.
Valuing Interventions to Reduce Indoor Air Pollution— Fuelwood, Deforestation, and Health in Rural Nepal
Authors: Krishna Prasad Pant
Published: July 2024

Household energy use, forest and poverty are entangled in developing countries with environmental and health problems. Dependence on wood for cooking fuel generally increases the dependency of poor people on forests. This fuelwood consumption is not only linked to the forest environment, but also to the health of the inhabitants due to indoor air pollution. As the women are exposed more to the smoke pollution than the men, and children are more sensitive to it than adults, the issue of fuel is also linked with the gender and child issues. Fuelwood is the main source of cooking energy in Nepal and will remain so for foreseeable future. About 66 percent of households use wood as the main fuel for cooking. Only about 13 and eight percent households, mostly in urban areas, use kerosene and LPG respectively. The households using biogas as the main fuel is less than two percent [CBS (2002)]. One study shows that over 89 percent of total energy use in Nepal comes from the traditional fuels [ADB (2003)]. Wood and other biomass fuels (crop residues as well as animal dung) can substitute for each other, though most consumers have a general preference for wood over other biomass [FAO (1997)]. With socio-economic development, the fuel used by a household changes to better ones in the fuel-ladder. Everybody likes to maximise their utility by choosing more convenient and prestigious fuel subject to the budget constraint. Climbing the fuel-ladder generally means stepping up from dung cakes or crop residues, fuelwood, kerosene, biogas, LPG and ultimately to the electricity. Moving to the higher steps in the ladder means better respiratory health of the family members due to lower emission.
Distributional Impacts of Agricultural Growth in Pakistan: A Multiplier Analysis
Authors: Paul Dorosh  , Muhammad Khan Niazi
Published: July 2024

In spite of substantial growth in agricultural GDP in the 1990s, rural poverty rates in Pakistan did not decline. This paper explores the reasons for this lack of correlation between increases in agricultural production and poverty reduction through an analysis of growth linkages using a 2001-02 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM)-based semi-inputoutput model. Model simulations indicate that expansion of traditional crop agriculture can significantly benefit rural poor farmers. However, because of skewed distribution of land and earnings from land, landless agricultural labourers and the rural non-farm poor (who, together, account for 61 percent of the rural poor) do not benefit directly from growth in the crop sector. In the absence of a change in the structure of rural incomes and employment, further measures will likely be needed for rapid poverty reduction in Pakistan, including greater efforts to boost the livestock sector, expansion of the rural non-farm economy (in addition to agricultural growth-induced linkage effects), and targeted interventions to the poorest rural households.
World Development Report: Agriculture for Development
Authors: Ahmed Sofia
Published: July 2024

As three out of every four people in developing countries dwell in rural areas today, agriculture continues to hold prime importance in the development and poverty reduction context. This 30th issue of the World Development Report (WDR) is divided into three parts and eleven chapters. The first part addresses the question of what agriculture can do for development while the second part shifts its focus towards the instruments that can be used to spur development through agriculture. Finally, the third section provides the policy recommendations for governments and other stakeholders on how the ‘agriculture for development’ agenda can be implemented in research and practice.
The report focuses on two major regional challenges that require immediate attention. first in Sub-Saharan Africa, agricultural productivity growth is vital for generating overall economic growth. However in order to stimulate growth, small holder and subsistence farmers will need to adopt productivity enhancing practices which the report has discussed in detail. Secon, in Asia the report identifies the management of urban-rural income disparities as the most pressing challenge since “Asia’s fast growing economies remain home to over 600 million rural people living in extreme poverty”. In order to address this issue, the report proposes a mix of policies that can create high value agricultural jobs in rural areas, decentralise non farming economic activities to rural areas, and assist local people diversify into non-agricultural jobs. The report also discusses the issue of managing the scarcity of natural resources such as water and land and its relationship to agriculture and suggests ways of reducing agriculture’s environental footprint.
The final section of the report is the pertinent discussion that brings at the fact that the above mentioned challenges can only be met if the required political will is present in the developing countries. The ultimate success will also depend on how well are the national governments able to collaborate with the international community and the local stakeholders.
Size and Age as Determinants of Employment Growth among Manufacturing Firms in Pakistan
Authors: Farrukh Iqbal  , Aadil Nakhoda
Published: July 2024

Size-based industrial policy (support for small firms) has long been provided by the government in Pakistan while age-based policy (support for young firms) has become prominent in recent years. Both policies are typically justified by reference to positive effects on labour absorption. Despite their popularity among policymakers, however, the empirical basis for such policies has not been adequately analysed at the national level. We address this issue using data from a large, multisector, random sample of manufacturing firms and find empirical support for size-based policies but not for age-based ones. We also find that sizebased policies appear most relevant for firms with less than fifty workers.
Avaliação cognitiva de motoristas e profissionais do trânsito em uma medida de inteligência
Authors: Rabelo Ivan Santana , Siqueira Ana Carolina , Souza Natalia Chaleau de Lima , Sousa Tatiane Karina de Oliveira , Pascutti Zenir Alves
Published: July 2024

Este artigo apresenta estudos psicométricos com o teste Matrizes de Inteligência Geral - MIG, que objetiva avaliar inteligência geral não-verbal, por meio de tarefas relacionadas ao raciocínio inferencial, em deduzir relações entre objetos. Os dados foram coletados em clínicas de avaliação psicológica para obtenção da Carteira Nacional de Habilitação (CNH), sendo 162 profissionais motorista e 213 condutores não profissionais, candidatos à primeira habilitação. No estudo o grupo de profissionais demonstrou um desempenho mais rebaixado que o outro grupo. Nas correlações entre idade, escolaridade e escores no teste os dados revelaram que, quanto maior a idade das pessoas, menor é a pontuação. Foi observado um declínio expressivo na correlação entre o resultado no teste e a escolaridade. Quando a amostra é dividida nos dois agrupamentos de motoristas profissionais e não profissionais, esse decréscimo na magnitude da correlação mostra-se pouco expressivo. Nos procedimentos de consistência por diferentes métodos aplicados verificou-se alfa de Cronbach de 0,87; no modelo de Rasch 0,86; no método das metades 0,92; e no teste-reteste 0,88, indicando rebaixados coeficientes de erro de medida, no que diz respeito à consistência interna dos itens e estabilidade temporal. É relevante considerar a necessidade de pesquisas científicas no contexto do trânsito.
Leiomiomatosis pulmonar benigna metastatizante: una causa rara de nódulos pulmonares. Reporte de caso
Authors: Moreno Carrillo María Angélica , Torres María Carolina , Saavedra Alfredo , Parra Medina Rafael
Published: July 2024

La leiomiomatosis metastatizante benigna (LMB) es una condición rara. Fue descrita por primera vez por Forkel en 1910 y hasta el momento se han reportado al menos 150 casos en la literatura. Ocurre por la metástasis y proliferación de tejido muscular liso, a partir de un mioma uterino. A nivel imagenológico se manifiesta con múltiples nódulos localizados con mayor frecuencia en pulmón, ganglios linfáticos, peritoneo, hueso, corazón y piel. Los casos sintomáticos suelen ser llevados a resección quirúrgica, ooforectomía bilateral y/o inhibición hormonal. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 51 años, quien acude a consulta por cuadro clínico de dos años de evolución caracterizada por disnea progresiva, asociada a tos seca y dolor torácico. Se documentó antecedente de histerectomía por hemorragia uterina disfuncional hace 14 años cuyo reporte de patología concluía diagnóstico de leiomiomatosis uterina.  La tomografía de tórax reveló múltiples nódulos pulmonares aleatorios sólidos no calcificados. Las muestras obtenidas del parénquima pulmonar fueron por toracoscopia derecha realizándose lobectomía segmentaria lateral del lóbulo medio, con hallazgos histopatológicos de proliferación mesenquimal, epitelial y marcadores de inmunohistoquímica compatibles con leiomiomatosis metastásica.
Jogos de azar e a intervenção do Estado
Authors: Bezerra de Lima Alícia Regianne , Azevedo Rodrigues Fillipe
Published: July 2024

Este artigo discute a intervenção penal do Estado na ordem econômica a partir de uma análise filosófica, constitucional e financeira da exploração e não regulamentação dos jogos de azar no Brasil. Considerando também, o impacto das tecnologias modernas nos jogos online e os desafios adicionais à normatização estatal. Inicialmente, aborda a liberdade, seus limites e a figura do Estado, à luz das ideias de John Stuart Mill, relacionando as escolhas individuais e a interferência estatal frente à atividade econômica que o estado intervém, criminaliza e, ao mesmo tempo, cria seu monopólio. Através de uma avaliação legislativa, relaciona os artigos 170 e 173 da Constituição e as hipóteses excepcionais de intervenção do Estado, aborda a Lei de Contravenções Penais, a Lei de Lavagem de Dinheiro, e aponta a inconstitucionalidade das intervenções que alcançam e interrompem as liberdades individuais.
Unleashing Legal Polycentricity in Europe?
Authors: Gauderie Sébastien
Published: July 2024

The questioning of the public and monopolistic production of European Union law is extremely little, if at all, addressed by European Union legal theory. The article proposes to divide the reasons for this absence into two classes. The first part of the article explores reasons endogenous to European Union law. The second part is devoted to reasons that are part of the evolutionary context of European Union law, stemming from facts of a historical, political, epistemological and societal nature. The article suggests to refer to the theory of constitutional polycentric order developed by the American legal theorist Randy Barnett, as well as Friedrich Hayek's theory of interstate federation proposed as early as 1939. Despite the apparent difficulties presented by the Union's contemporary organization, mechanisms specific to European Union law and European culture are capable of supporting the rehabilitation of polycentric conception of Union law and Hayekian interstate federation.
The 5Cs positive teacher interpersonal behaviors-implications for learner empowerment and learning in an L2 context, Ali Derakhshan. (2022). Second Language Learning and Teaching, Springer Cham, 141 pages, ISBN: 978-3-031-16527-6
Authors: Wang Yunsong , Wang Yongxiang
Published: July 2024

Teachers' positive interpersonal behaviors play a key role in the field of education and are essential for creating a positive classroom climate, facilitating student learning, and improving learning outcomes.2022 In November 2022 Springer Publishing House published a book edited by Ali Derakhshan, a leading Iranian scholar, titled "5Cs of Positive Teacher Interpersonal Behavior-... -Implications for Learner Empowerment and Learning in Second Language Settings‖. The main purpose of the book is to explore the role of positive teacher interpersonal behaviors in second/foreign language teaching and providing theoretical support and empirical validation of the role of teacher interpersonal behaviors in foreign language learning outcomes. Teachers' positive communicative behaviors originate from Positive Psychology (Positive Psychology), which as an emerging field and an important branch of psychology has received more and more attention from scholars. This paper first introduces its main content, followed by a brief evaluation.
Funciones y aplicación didáctica del paisaje lingüístico andaluz. Galloso Camacho, M.V.; Cabello Pino, M.; Heredia Mantis, M. (Eds.) (2023). Iberoamericana, Madrid, 264 páginas, ISBN: 978-84-9192-313-8 (Iberoamericana); ISBN: 978-3-96869-355-2 (Vervuert); ISBN: 978-3-96869-356-9 (e-book)
Authors: Lozano López Lourdes
Published: July 2024

La presente reseña ha sido realizada sobre la obra «Funciones y aplicación didáctica del paisaje lingüístico andaluz» –2023: Galloso Camacho, Cabello Pino y Heredia Mantis (eds.)–, la cual recoge diez recientes investigaciones sobre el Paisaje Lingüístico ­(PL) andaluz que van más allá de su estudio sociolingüístico, centrándose en la novedosa y creciente utilidad educativa, en este caso, para la enseñanza del español. Las investigaciones se clasifican en tres secciones que van desde un punto de partida general hasta aterrizar en el modo de enseñanza más académico. Las precede una introducción realizada por los editores y autores de las dos últimas investigaciones que figuran en el libro. Como cierre, incluye una sección «sobre los autores» en la que se da a conocer brevemente su itinerario profesional e investigador.
Cabe señalar que esta lectura es interesante no solamente para los investigadores de PL o para los docentes de ELE, sino también para el ámbito de la filología y de la docencia en general: presenta una amplia perspectiva pedagógica pues, aunque se centra en la opción didáctica, los estudios muestran la inmensa concepción que presenta un PL, especialmente en el aprendizaje de una lengua, mostrando diversas metodologías; de ahí que los investigadores se centren en cómo el PL andaluz se muestra como una herramienta dinámica de la enseñanza de la lengua española más allá del aula de ELE, amén de la posibilidad de extrapolarlo y mostrar el PL y sus recursos como vías educativas en general.
Early language learning. A bibliometric analysis of the most influential articles (2010-2022)
Authors: Martínez León Natalia , Valderrama-Baca Pilar , Trujillo Sáez Fernando
Published: July 2024

The aim of this article is to analyse the evolution of research on language learning at early ages within the main collection of the Web of Science (2010 to 2022) and Scopus (2010 to 2022).
To this end, a bibliometric study has been developed taking into consideration the following indicators: diachronic, geographical, authors and source productions. At the same time, an analysis of the structural development of the topics has been carried out on a sample of references from combined searches.
The analyses carried out determine an exponential growth pattern in the scientific literature on early language and learning over the last two decades (2010-2022), a period that covers 87.2% of the current scientific production. In relation to the evolution of topics in the field, it is observed that current lines of research are focusing mainly on the results obtained in two areas: (1) Neurosciences and Speech Pathologies and (2) Psychology, Social Sciences and Technology, where the value of A/Y where higher, which indicates that both areas are the ones that have the greatest influence over time.
Investigating cognitive and metacognitive components of WebQuest-based education in the 7th grade work and technology curriculum according to Shannon’s entropy technique
Authors: Aslanyan-rad Erfan , Ghaderi Mostafa
Published: July 2024

The current research was conducted to investigate the cognitive and metacognitive components of WebQuest education in the 7th grade work and technology curriculum using the strategy of quantitative content analysis and Shannon’s entropy technique. From the total population, it was selected as the sampling method of the research, therefore, all content elements, including activities, images, texts, and self-evaluations, were analyzed and investigated. These content elements were organized as the content analysis checklist and data collection tool. In this research, for the core components, the components obtained from the research with the title of “The application of WebQuest in teaching third-grade elementary science” were used, which included two core categories, cognitive and metacognitive, along with basic themes. The results of the examination of the cognitive components showed that in the 7th grade work and technology curriculum, the most attention was paid to the component of “pluralistic thinking” with an importance coefficient of (0/128) and also the least attention was paid to the components of “constructive thinking” and “creative thinking” with an importance coefficient of (0/061). Also, the results of the metacognitive components analysis illustrated that in the 7th grade work and technology curriculum, the most attention was paid to the components of “self-efficacy skills”, “self-management skills”, and “self-control skills” with an importance coefficient of (0/164) and the least attention was paid to the components of “self-directed skills” and “self-monitoring skills” with an importance coefficient of (0/109).