bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Syn-eruptive agglutination of kimberlite volcanic ash
Authors: Haddock David , Manya Shukrani , Brown Richard James , Jones Thomas , Wadsworth Fabian , Dobson Kate , Gernon Thomas
Published: June 2020

Pyroclastic deposits of the Holocene Igwisi Hills kimberlite volcanoes, Tanzania, preserve unequivocal evidence for rapid, syn-eruptive agglutination. The unusual pyroclasts are composed of ash-sized particles agglutinated to each other by thin necks. The textures suggest the magma was disrupted into droplets during ascent. Collisions between particles occurred within a volcanic plume and on deposition within the conduit to form a weakly agglutinated, porous pyroclastic deposit. Theoretical considerations indicate that agglutination occurred over short timescales. Agglutinated clasts were entrained into weak volcanic plumes and deposited around the craters. Our results support the notion that agglutination can occur during kimberlite eruptions, and that some coherent, dense rocks in ancient kimberlite pipes interpreted as intrusive rocks could instead represent agglutinated pyroclastic rocks. Differentiating between agglutinated pyroclastic rocks and effusive or intrusive rocks in kimberlite pipes is important because of the potential effects that pyroclastic processes might have on diamond concentrations in deposits.
The Membership of Governors’ Teams in Russia’s Regions, and the Key Features of the Formation of Regional Administrations 1991–2018
Authors: Kynev Alexander
Published: June 2020

This article examines the outcomes of renewal of personnel in the Russian regional authorities during different stages of their development: 1991–1995 (primarily assigned based on elections in individual regions), 1995–2005 (the period of mass direct elections), 2005–2012 (a system of appointment based on the president’s nomination), and 2012–2018 (elections via a municipal filter). It attempts to aggregate and analyse the instances where the heads of regional authorities were elected (or appointed) despite having no previous relationship to those regions (outsider politicians). It offers a classification system for these outsiders, distinguishing “pure outsiders”, “returnees”, “adapted outsiders”, “naturalised outsiders” and “federalised locals”.
Improvement in seed germination by priming treatments in Black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L.)
Authors: Poovizhi M , Sujatha K
Published: June 2020

The seeds must be viable and non-dormant for the efficient cultivation of the species of medicinal plants. The seeds of Solanum nigrum possess primary dormancy, which restricts germination. Hence, a laboratory experiment was conducted during 2019 in the Department of Seed Science and Technology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai, Tamil Nadu. The S. nigrum seeds were primed by soaking in different chemicals viz.,GA3 100ppm, Thiourea1%, KNO3 0.5%, Succinic acid 100 ppm, Ascorbic acid 100 ppm, hydro and dry control with soaking durations of 12h and seeds were dried under shade to bring back to their original moisture content and used for assessing the seed quality studies. The results revealed that among the different priming treatments Thiourea 1% recorded higher seed quality parameters viz, speed of germination (5.6), germination (88 %), seedling length (5.92 cm) and vigour index (520) and the enzyme activity of dehydrogenase (0.072 OD value) and lower values of electrical conductivity( 0.027 dsm-1),  amino acids (0.119 ?gg-1 ) and sugars ( 0.175 ?gg-1 ). Hence it could be recommended as pre-sowingg seed priming treatment in S. nigrum.
An overview of pesticides in the development of agriculture crops
Authors: Sharma Arun Kumar , Sharma Deepshikha , Chopra A. K.
Published: June 2020

The development of agriculture yield is closely related to the use of pesticides. This review categorizes and identifies the pathway of toxicity in the environment and their prevention measures to reduce risks from pesticide use. The inherent properties of selected pesticides released into the environment through different routes such as spray, drift, vaporization, surface run-off, unlawful acts, spills and drainage discharges, and through leaching or soil dust are related to their potential effects on environmental health. The intensive use of various pesticides like BHC, endrin, heptachlor, heptachlor epoxide, DDT, endosulfan and pyrethroids have harmful effects on non-target organisms and interfere in the development of agriculture crops. The preventive measures for pesticides are the crop rotation, use of protective equipment, integrated pest management, protection and regulation policy in pesticide application. The development of alternatives to pesticides is also needed in order to advance the design of better farming systems. A regular monitoring programme of pest management would help to improve the production of high quality of food as well as to protect the health of the environment and humans.
Population dynamics of Cacopsylla sp. (Hemiptera: Psylloidea: Psyllidae), pest insect of Prunus africana (Rosaceae), medicinal plant species in Cameroon
Authors: Victor Joly Dzokou , Wenceslas Yana , Laurentine Soufo , Joseph Lebel Tamesse
Published: June 2020

Prunus africana is threatened in Cameroon by xylophagous and sap-sucking pest as Cacopsylla sp. This last causes deformations of the young leaves and buds and the plant end up losing all its leaves. Effective control of phytophagous pests requires a thorough understanding of their seasonal population dynamics. The objective of this work carried out on 150 young plants of P. africana in the nursery in Dschang, was to study the population dynamics of Cacopsylla sp. and the impact of climatic factors on the population. From January 2006 to December 2007, monthly collections of larvae, males and females of Cacopsylla sp. were carried out. The results showed, in 2006, three peaks (March, August and December) and two peaks in 2007 (March and August) with larvae. The fluctuation of males' population showed five peaks with two peaks in 2006 (March and December) and three peaks in 2007 (March, June and December) while in females' population, four peaks with two peaks in 2006 (March and December) and two peaks in 2007 (March and November). The annual numerical variation of Cacopsylla sp. individual is statistically correlated with variation of precipitations and the insolation. The precipitations have a negative effect on the numerical variation of males (r=-0.430, p<0.0360) and females (r=-0,434, p<0.0336) of Cacopsylla sp. The insolation has a positive effect on the numerical variation of males (r=0.732, p<0.0000002), females (r=0.653, p<0.000523) and the total individuals (r=0.601, p<0.00197) of Cacopsylla sp. With the larvae, the correlation was negative and non-significant. This work showed that March and December were better indicated to engage the fight against Cacopsylla sp. in Dschang.
A new species of the genus Macrocentrus Curtis, 1833 from Jammu and Kashmir (UT), India
Authors: Ahmed Zaheer , Mir Altaf Hussain , Usmani Mohd Kamil
Published: June 2020

The genus Macrocentrus Curtis, 1833 is extensively dispersed with 238 species known worldwide. Including this new species, eight species of Macrocentrus are known from India. This genus is characterized by following characters: Antenna often about as long as or somewhat longer than the body (but sometimes distinctly shorter), with 24-61 segments, apical segment with distinct spine or without a spine. In the present study a new braconid, Macrocentrus hayati sp. nov. is described and illustrated from Jammu and Kashmir (UT), India. Specimens were collected from the grass (Cynodon) and weeds near the vegetables like brinjal, potatoes and beans through net sweeping. The collected material was transferred to glass vials containing 70% ethyl alcohol and brought to the laboratory for further studies.The study will help to boost the knowledge of Braconid parasitoids (living weapon) which play a key role in controlling the harmful pests, ultimately resulting in the increase of the yield of crops and other economic commodities like food grains.
Coronavirus (COVID-19): A protocol for prevention, treatment and control
Authors: Marwah Ashok , Marwah Padma
Published: June 2020

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), is an extremely infectious disease and has already infected almost three million persons in more than two hundred countries. Based on our current knowledge of this virus and in the absence of a vaccine, this article is an attempt to propose ways to prevent, treat and control COVID-19 virus, using linear lipid molecules such as sodium stearate (a major component of ordinary bar soap) for hand sanitization, mouth wash, gargling, steam inhaling and as lungs inhaler along with zinc and copper to trap and inactivate COVID-19. Sunbathing will boost desperately needed a good immune system. The ancient Indian techniques of Yoga (Developing inherent power in a balanced manner), Pranayama (Retention and Extension of the breath), Jal-Neti (Nasal irrigation by saline water) and Havan (Holy fire ritual) will also help in controlling this epidemic (COVID-19) of gargantuan proportions.
Prospects of biodrainage to mitigate problems of waterlogging and soil salinity in context of India - A review
Authors: Masilamani P. , Arulmozhiselvan K. , Alagesan A.
Published: June 2020

Major parts of agricultural lands in arid and semi-arid regions of India are affected by soil salinity and waterlogging in canal command area and outside. Waterlogging is caused by a rising water table and poor drainage conditions.  Stress due to waterlogging and salinity are serious to plants in all stages from seed germination to active growth and maturity. Unmanaged affected agricultural lands turn into low productive marshlands in the long run. Physical provision of surface or sub-surface drainage structures can rescue in such a situation. Yet, high skill and investment are required in the installation and maintenance of such structures. Alternatively, biodrainage method has been evolved as an effective method recently world over. In biodrainage, plants are raised over a larger area, which can transpire and remove an enormous amount of water from the soil. Plants having adequate adaptive traits and tolerance mechanisms are desirable to mitigate waterlogging and salinity. Biodrainage is suitable in rainfed and irrigated conditions. Planting of right plant species in optimum population and geometry decides the efficiency of biodrainage. Further, combining biodrainage with the conventional drainage can improve land and water productivity. Eucalyptus is the most suitable tree species for biodrainage as it has well performed in versatile environments. It possesses appreciable tolerance to salinity, sodicity and waterlogged conditions of the soil.  Fast-growing with a straight trunk, deep rooting ability, low shading effect and high transpiration capacity are promising characteristics of this tree.  Prominent woody species like Acacia nilotica, Dalbergia sissoo, Hardwickia binata can also be grown for high profit.
Differentiated Literacy Instruction: Boondoggle or Best Practice?
Authors: Puzio Kelly , Colby Glenn T. , Algeo-Nichols Dana
Published: June 2020

With increasingly diverse students, schools and districts are under pressure to meet rigorous standards and raise student achievement in reading and literacy. Most teachers respond by differentiating their instruction to some extent, but not all scholars and educators agree on whether differentiated instruction works. This systematic review and meta-analysis seeks to determine the effects of Tier 1 differentiation, which is provided by the general education classroom teacher, on literacy outcomes. Distinguishing between designed differentiation and interactional differentiation, the authors provide multiple examples of content, process, and product differentiation in the context of literacy instruction. Reviewing more than 20 years of literacy research, the authors located 18 studies with 25 study cohorts. Outcomes include fluency, decoding, letter-word reading, vocabulary, comprehension, and writing achievement. The overall weighted mean effect size (g) was +0.13 (p = .002) with 88% of the individual point estimates being positive. Overall, the findings indicate that differentiated literacy instruction is an effective evidence-based practice at the elementary level. When teachers are supported to differentiate instruction, students have significantly higher literacy achievement scores, particularly for letter-word (g = +0.20, p = .014) and writing outcomes (g = +0.96, p < .001). The most successful programs took very different approaches to differentiation, including individualization, choice, and an alternate curriculum. However, across the studies, there was an alarming lack of information about the decision-making processes used to guide differentiation and there were no experimental or quasi-experimental studies on guided reading. This review may be helpful as schools clarify their vision for literacy differentiation.
Tumor de colisión apendicular: Neoplasia epitelial mucinosa y tumor neuroendocrino
Authors: Cafaro Mario Alberto , Yaryura Montero José Gabriel , Bianco Agustín , Petersen María Laura , Cárdenas Villa Roberto Darío , Cardozo Dutra Blanca , Badra Roberto Miguel
Published: June 2020

Introducción: Se define a un tumor de colisión apendicular, como la presencia de dos tipos de tumores histológicamente distintos, dentro del apéndice sin transición entre ellos. Los tumores apendiculares son poco frecuentes, siendo las neoplasias epiteliales y los tumores neuroendocrinos los más comunes. Objetivo: Presentar el caso de una paciente con diagnóstico de tumor de colisión apendicular que se presentó como apendicitis aguda. Caso clínico: Mujer de 35 años de edad sin antecedentes patológicos que consultó por dolor epigástrico de 24 horas de evolución, con migración a fosa ilíaca derecha, de tipo continuo. El examen físico reveló un abdomen blando con defensa en fosa ilíaca derecha; el análisis de sangre mostró leucocitosis con neutrofilia y una ecografía en favor de apendicitis aguda. Se realizó apendicectomía mediante incisión de Mc Burney. El estudio anatomopatológico e inmunomarcación informó neoplasia neuroendocrina bien diferenciada y neoplasia epitelial mucinosa de bajo grado. Se realizó seguimiento con marcadores tumorales postquirúrgicos con resultados normales, además de tomografía computada y colonoscopia postquirúrgicos normales. Discusión: El tumor de colisión apendicular es muy poco frecuente. Generalmente el diagnóstico se realiza con el estudio anatomopatológico y plantea grandes desafíos para el control, ya que no existe consenso de cómo realizar el seguimiento postquirúrgico Conclusión: Se debe investigar más al respecto para contar con recomendaciones de vigilancia para dicha enfermedad.
Embriopatía por virus Zika en Argentina: características clínicas y diagnóstico en recién nacidos
Authors: Tellechea Ana Laura , Bidondo María Paz , Luppo Victoria , Baricalla Agustín , Liascovich Rosa , Fabbri Cintia , Morales María Alejandra , Groisman Boris , Silva María , Masi Patricia , Israilev Adriana , Rocha Marcela Ruth , Quaglia Marcela , Escalante Beatriz , Villarreal Alexandra , Antinori Marilena , Barbero Pablo
Published: June 2020

Introducción: La microcefalia y las anomalías cerebrales congénitas pueden deberse a múltiples etiologías, siendo uno de ellas la infección congénita por el virus Zika (ZIKV). Desde 2016 hasta hoy se han sucedido una serie de brotes del ZIKV en Argentina. Métodos: La Red Nacional de Anomalías Congénitas (RENAC) y el Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Virales (INEVH), dependientes de la Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud “Carlos Malbrán” (ANLIS), realizan la vigilancia intensificada de recién nacidos con microcefalia y anomalías cerebrales. Este trabajo presenta las características clínicas y estudios de laboratorio de los pacientes con infección congénita por ZIKV detectados entre abril de 2016 a marzo 2018. Resultados: se detectaron 10 casos con embriopatía, seis fueron autóctonos y cuatro importados; en dos casos las madres fueron asintomática durante el embarazo; todos los casos presentaron microcefalia y desproporción cráneo facial, ventriculomegalia en siete casos y en seis calcificaciones cerebrales. El diagnóstico de infección congénita por Zika en el recién nacido se realizó por estudios serológicos inmunoglobulina M antígeno específica (MAC-ELISA) y prueba de neutralización por reducción de placas (PRNT90). La PCR fue negativa en todos los casos. Conclusión: Los pacientes presentaron características clínicas coincidentes con las reportadas en otros países Se enfatiza la necesidad de estudios serológicos que permitan la confirmación, descartando la reactividad cruzada con otros Flavivirus
Manifestaciones neurológicas del COVID-19
Authors: Ocampo Rojas Sebastián Joaquín
Published: June 2020

Estimado Director:

Leyendo su artículo “La pandemia por el nuevo coronavirus covid-19”, me gustaría profundizar los aportes de la sintomatología de esta enfermedad. Lo que ha comenzado como una patología manifestada por un síndrome respiratorio como neumonías atípicas, actualmente está asociada a varias manifestaciones no respiratorias(1).

De las primeras manifestaciones neurológicas reportadas está el síndrome de Guillain-Barré en una viajera proveniente de Wuhan(2). La literatura es rica en cuanto a cefaleas, convulsiones e ictus en los pacientes graves, si bien la primera y última de estas pueden deberse a complicaciones sistémicas de este novel coronavirus, se ha reportado una mayor incidencia de eventos en pacientes con antecedentes de manifestaciones neurológicas(3,4).

Una de las más recientes manifestaciones reportadas, son las enfermedades neuromusculares. Guidon et al. critican la falta de rigurosidad en los reportes sobre manifestaciones neuromusculares(4).

Si algo es seguro, una manifestación de esta pandemia es la gran cantidad de información disponible en el ámbito científico, muchas veces de estas sin la misma rigurosidad metodológica anterior a la pandemia, acentuando la responsabilidad del lector de analizar críticamente toda la información.
Escenario del COVID-19 e iniciativas en desarrollo
Authors: Pavan Jorge V. , Depetris Ariel , Nates Silvia V.
Published: June 2020

Escenario del COVID-19 e iniciativas en desarrollo
Local conformal screen entanglement and focusing. ver 2
Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Published: June 2020

Local conformal screen entanglement and focusing. ver 2
Topological conformal surface integral and topological AdS/CFT correspondence
Authors: Kuyukov Vitaly
Published: June 2020

Topological conformal surface integral and topological AdS/CFT correspondence
Earnings Fraud and Financial Stability
Authors: Abbas Ahmad
Published: June 2020

Earnings can be the goal for firms which desire to commit financial fraud. This study is propounded to show fraudulent earnings reporting and its relationship with the company’s financial stability. The samples used in this study are manufacturing firms listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange during the period of 2010-2013. The data consisting of financial statements are processed using descriptive statistics, and the hypotheses are tested using logistic regression. The results of this study reveal that 22 financial statements are indicated earnings fraud. Of all the financial statements, 68 percent suffers from financial distress. This study shows that the firms with the improved financial stability tend to restrain themselves from committing earnings fraud. This study also finds that the firms which experience financial distress have a greater incentive to commit the fraud.
Data Management and Sharing: Practices and Perceptions of Psychology Researchers
Authors: Borghi John , Van Gulick Ana
Published: June 2020

Research data is increasingly viewed as an important scholarly output. While a growing body of studies have investigated researcher practices and perceptions related to data sharing, information about data-related practices throughout the research process (including data collection and analysis) remains largely anecdotal. Building on our previous study of data practices in neuroimaging research, we conducted a survey of data management practices in the field of psychology. Our survey included questions about the type(s) of data collected, the tools used for data analysis, practices related to data organization, maintaining documentation, backup procedures, and long-term archiving of research materials. Our results demonstrate the complexity of managing and sharing data in psychology. Data is collected in multifarious forms from human participants, analyzed using a range of software tools, and archived in formats that may become obsolete. As individuals, our participants demonstrated relatively good data management practices, however they also indicated that there was little standardization within their research group. Participants generally indicated that they were willing to change their current practices in light of new technologies, opportunities, or requirements.
A payload-ignition theory of adult-oriented humour: TUUTU (a Thought that is Unmentionable and Unmentioned, Triggered Unexpectedly)
Authors: Raizada Rajeev
Published: June 2020

A funny joke achieves a sort of sleight-of-hand: in its set up, it sneaks a payload of ordinary-seeming but actually combustible ingredients into your mind. The punchline then induces a mindshift, which jostles those ingredients around. This mindshift leads to the "Aha" moment of you getting the joke: the payload ignites, producing an unmentionable thought that pops up unexpectedly into your head. That sudden appearance in your mind of an unmentionable thought is, the present theory claims, the crucial ingredient that makes adult-directed humour funny. That claim and the payload-ignition model together form the two novel ingredients of the theory of humour that is proposed here. "Unmentionable" here means something that one would not say out loud in polite company, due to it being outrageous in some way, e.g. taboo, rude, or titillating. This unmentionable-thought payload is proposed to be a crucial and previously overlooked characteristic of adult-oriented humour. However, it is noticeably absent from child-friendly humour and from most puns, thereby explaining why such jokes are rarely very funny, and why studying puns may have obscured the role of unmentionable thoughts from previous theories. Existing theories of humour have individually devoted their attention only to one aspect of the payload-ignition combination: the classical theories of release and of superiority focused only on the payload, and contemporary theories such as incongruity resolution, bisociation, semantic scripts and error detection have focused only on the mindshift that triggers ignition. The present proposal is consistent with those previous theories, but extends them by adding the new elements of the unmentionable thought and the payload-ignition framework. Examples are presented and analysed of jokes and the unmentionable thoughts that they elicit. It is also shown how removing the unmentionable thought from a joke, while leaving all other elements the same, drains the joke of its humour. The present theory does not claim single-handedly to capture all aspects of humour, and some examples are discussed that remain beyond its grasp. However, it does newly highlight two crucial aspects, missed by previous theories, of what makes a joke funny. Finally, several testable predictions generated by the theory are presented.
Can Suicide Risks be Predicted ? NIMHANS MHECON 2020
Authors: Agarwal Ajay , Faruqui Zainab
Published: June 2020

Studies have suggested that the interplay of intrapersonal factors plays a major and more significant role than interpersonal factors in the elevation of emotions and distortion of cognition to the levels where it exceeds the individual’s bearing capacity and suicide becomes a possible option. The ongoing distress of an individual’s intrapersonal factors is reflected in the individual’s interaction with the world, especially with social media. The changes in social media activity provides a greater insight towards understanding the psychological pain the individual might be suffering. The aim of the paper is to study the Social Media Activity of individuals who have once or more attempted suicide over a period of stipulated time to identify the onset of indicators for psychological pain.
Public Opinion on Cognitive Enhancement Varies Across Different Situations
Authors: Dinh Claire , Humphries Stacey , Chatterjee Anjan
Published: June 2020

People vary widely in their acceptance of the use of pharmacological cognitive enhancement (CE). We tested the hypothesis that the acceptability of CE is malleable, by varying the context in which CE use takes place, by framing the use of CE with positive and negative metaphors, and by distinguishing between self and other CE use. 2519 US-based participants completed 2 surveys using Amazon’s Mechanical Turk. First, participants responded to vignettes describing a fictional character, which varied by framing metaphor (Pandora’s box that releases brain performance vs. key that unlocks brain potential), role/setting (student/educational vs. employee/professional), and activity type (blue vs. white collar). Second, participants viewed personalized vignettes describing their own situations. Across both surveys, participants generally found CE use more acceptable for employees than students, while the effects of framing metaphors were unreliable and smaller than previously reported. People were more accepting of CE use by others than by themselves. Participants also found CE use more acceptable if more peers used CE, the environment was less competitive, and authority figures encouraged CE use. Our findings suggest that opinions about CE are indeed malleable, and concerns that peer pressure, the influence of authority figures, and competition might affect CE use are not unfounded.
Effects of sleep deprivation on empathy for pain and emotion regulation: A behavioral and neuroimaging study
Authors: Graniittiaho Sanna
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Emotion regulation and empathy are affected by sleep deprivation. Whether these effects are caused by changes in neural activity in regions regulating the functions is unknown. When well-rested, cortical activity regulates emotional reactions and empathy by decreasing activity in the amygdalae. Neural activity can be measured with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of one night of sleep deprivation on empathy for pain and emotion regulation through cognitive reappraisal, that is, intentional downregulation. We hypothesized that sleep deprivation would lead to decreased cortical activity and increased activity in amygdalae. Material and Methods: 35 healthy, young participants underwent fMRI after one night of sleep deprivation and one night of habitual sleep. Behaviorally, empathy was assessed by comparing self-reported unpleasantness between painful images and non-painful images, and reappraisal was investigated by comparing unpleasantness between instructions to downregulate and maintain. fMRI was performed to measure neural activity during the task. Results: Participants reported less unpleasantness when viewing painful images when sleep-deprived (p < 0.001). Sleep deprivation caused no decrease in ability to reappraise, nor did sleep deprivation cause decrease in cortical fMRI-signals. Activity in the amygdalae was non-significantly increased in sleep-deprived condition (p = 0.13). Conclusions: As hypothesized, the empathic response to pictures of pain was decreased during sleep deprivation. However, no decrease in ability to reappraise was found. Sleep deprivation did not cause changes in neural activity that would support our hypothesis of decreased inhibitory cortical activity.
Determining the Total Number of Endocrine Disorders Among Children With Speech Disorders: Social and Dispatching Work
Authors: Zinin Sergei Valerevich
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to determining the total number of endocrine disorders of the thyroid gland among children with speech disorders based on medical ultrasound data. The author of the article outlines that due to the fact that the prevalence of speech disorders is 100% among children with hypothyroidism, the following question deserves attention: “How many endocrine disorders can occur in children with speech disorders?”. Methods of research. Within the framework of the social and dispatching work of specialists of the psychological-medical-pedagogical commission, the referral of children with speech disorders to a medical ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland was organized. At the same time, none of the children had previously been examined by an endocrinologist or received appropriate treatment. The first group of children attended speech therapy classes at the Center for Psychological and Pedagogical Rehabilitation and Correction in Nizhneudinsk in the 2013-2014 academic year. The second group of children attended preschool educational institution №208 in the 2016-2017 academic year.
The study allowed to draw the following key conclusions: in children with speech disorders in 40% of cases do have previously undetected endocrine disorders that deserve close attention and study by medical professionals, both of primary health care institution (Institute of Pediatrics) and pediatric endocrinologists; 29% of children with speech disorders potentially need the help of an endocrinologist.
The algorithm for sending parents of children with speech disorders to consult medical specialists, whose help the child may need is presented in the article.
The results of the study may be of interest to a wide range of medical and pedagogical specialists working in the system of school psychological and pedagogical councils, central and territorial psychological and medical and pedagogical commissions in the current conditions of the Federal State Educational Standards (FSES) implementation.
Giftedness as a Pedagogical Problem
Authors: Tomilov Vladimir Anatolevich , Krivenko Margarita Maksimovna
Published: June 2020

The difference between the concepts of ability and giftedness in the context of a competency approach to education, when competence and expert knowledge are distinguished is clarified in the article. It is understood that the level of subject competencies characterizes an individual subject with regard to his or her abilities, which distinguishes one student from another through the content understanding and fast retention of learning material.
The aim of the study is to show how the educational process is regulated by rational and emotional consciousness and how emotional consciousness, being associative, allows the student to use his or her life experience as a means of indirect influence on his or her behavior using the metaphors of A. N. Veraksa in the educational process. The author outlines that the competence of a student is his or her talent or giftedness, which is manifested in interaction with other students, that is, in a team: the student is an individual and collective subject of the educational process, and his or her activity regulates rational and emotional consciousness, so the task is to determine the forms of their integration in the educational process. It is noted that if the student's abilities are manifested in interaction with others, the successful/unsuccessful one is not an individual here, but a collective (group) subject. It is mentioned that in terms of B.M. Teplov, it is referred to “giftedness” in the form of a combination of individual abilities of participants in the educational process (situation), through which a chance for success in educational activities increases or reduces. It is concluded that in preschool and primary school age, an effective form of indirect influence is a fairy tale, and hereinafter – project activity, mediated in the student's mind by the metaphor of creativity, which puts the development of emotional consciousness under the control of the teacher.
Distance Learning of Students: Problems and Prospects of Its Development After the Coronavirus Pandemic
Authors: Kiselev Aleksandr Aleksandrovich
Published: June 2020

The article is devoted to generalization of the first experience of mass distance learning received in the conditions of the coronavirus pandemic. The author of the article points out that a lot of debates in domestic universities about organizing distance learning for students, when diametrically opposed points of view were expressed about its effectiveness and inefficiency, necessity and uselessness, etc. could be observed. It is noted that in the context of the coronavirus pandemic, domestic universities had to switch to using distance learning methods when teaching students. Research methods: reviews and articles of teachers and university specialists on the first results of the organization of distance learning for students in domestic universities in the conditions of the coronavirus pandemic as well as the method of participatory observation and conversations with university lecturers.
Results of research. The majority of Russian universities were not ready for such a simultaneous and complete transition to distance learning. This is due to the fact that neither teachers nor students were prepared for such a critical situation, which had never been before and was not supposed to be. Nevertheless, teachers and students since the beginning of the crisis have established communications by their usual means using social networks and e-mail. The transition to information platforms, which were created at the university to control the learning process, led to new problems, as it was necessary to restructure the work of both teachers and students, increasing the tension of their work, often without the possibility of obtaining technical support for the transition to new platforms.
Searching Means for Forming Readiness for Health-Saving Activities in Future Specialists in Medical and Preventative Care
Authors: Ilina Olga Igorevna
Published: June 2020

The results of experimental work on the elective course “Health-saving activities of a doctor in health care organizations” for students studying in the specialty of medical and preventive care, in accordance with the competencies proposed by the Federal State Educational Standard is highlighted in the article.
Methods. As the main methods aimed at forming the components of professional and psychological readiness for health-saving activities, test, creative assignment, project method were included to the elective course. A general assessment of the effectiveness of the above mentioned methods is based on an analysis of subjective and conditionally objective assessments on the formation of readiness for health-saving activities, which were obtained on the basis of specially developed questions and the method of pedagogical assessment, the criteria of which took into account the type of students' assignments.
Results. The analysis of the results allowed us to draw the following conclusions: it is meaningful to take into account the stages of knowledge assimilation and experience in the discipline when selecting training methods; the effectiveness of the project method and its place in achieving mastery of course – the stage of consolidation and deepening of knowledge, mastering skills in professional activities – is demonstrated;it is necessary to include elements of active, interactive and simulation methods as means of stimulating the reflection of one’s own psychological readiness for professional activity among future specialists.
Holding Online Student Conferences: Typical Mistakes
Authors: Kochkareva Irina Vitalevna
Published: June 2020

The article is focused on the analysis of typical mistakes and errors which are made by Russian students while creating PowerPoint presentations and delivering them at online international conferences. The relevance of the topic is connected with the necessity to face a new challenge of transforming the educational process into the new format – the format of distance learning. The author of the article outlies that this transformation should be carried out very carefully. Digitalization of education system should not result in painful destruction of traditional approaches to teaching and learning. It is noted that it is necessary to continue using those forms of educational process which are familiar both for teachers and students. One of such forms is an online student conference. The aim of the research was to analyze different types of mistakes and errors made by Russian students as well as their main causes. The author deals with examples collected while listening to presentations at the international online conferences which were held at the faculties of biology at Perm State University and the university of Delta, USA. The methods used in the research include analysis, description, observation, comparison. The results of the research demonstrated that one of the most common causes of mistakes is language interference. It is concluded that the analysis of typical mistakes and errors helps the teacher to make the right choice of materials for drilling in class, which, in turn, is crucial for language competence development that makes effective professional communication possible.
Metasubject Competencies in the Prevention of Delinquent Behavior in Adolescents
Authors: Moskvina Elena Vladimirovna , Labareshnykh Natalia Nikolaevna
Published: June 2020

An attempt to establish the relationship between the formation of meta-subject competencies in delinquent adolescents in the framework of educational and extracurricular activities in an educational institution and the transition of forms of its behavioral manifestations from social disapproval to behavior regulated by legal norms was made. The authors outline that in order to structure knowledge about metasubject competencies, they are classified into meta-activities, meta-ways and meta-abilities that directly affect the rehabilitation of delinquent adolescents by means of educational and extracurricular activities organized in an educational institution.
Methods of research: comparative and theoretical analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, monographs and thesis works, documentation; generalization, comparison, systematization. Research result. The authors come to the conclusion that delinquent adolescent, due to the features of their socially disapproved forms of life, have well-defined formed competencies, but apply them in asocial behavioral manifestations. The article pays attention to the importance of improving the effectiveness of activity of educational institutions on the formation of delinquent adolescents’ metasubject competencies as a means of overcoming adolescent deviation. However, attention is drawn to the possible risks in this area of activity due to the delinquent adolescents’ frequent absence from school, so the authors also paid attention to the need to form academic motivation in delinquent adolescents to achieve the goals of forming metasubject competencies and overcoming delinquency.
Business Simulation in the System of Preparation of MSc. Students
Authors: Bernstein Maria Mikhailovna
Published: June 2020

Difficulties and problems of business education are theoretically considered in the article. The advantages of traditional Western business education and the problems of young managers that are not ready for business activity in the environment of developing markets are highlighted. Methods of research. The author has examined the conditions of business education in Russia, its content and approaches to teaching. In the course of research, the author provides the idea that the solution to the problem of business education is based on innovation of the curriculum, implementation of interactive methods of teaching and creating the atmosphere of cross-cultural communication in the groups of MSc. students. Results of research. It is defined that setting up an innovative MSc. Program completely taught in English to multinational groups of students created cross-cultural environment in class. The curriculum has comprised the components of Russian and Western business school tracks. It is defined that the implementation of innovative methodological approaches to teaching based on modeling of manager’s professional activity is an indispensable educational means of creating the skills demanded. The author demonstrates the advantages of Markstrat simulation game in teaching marketing. It is proved that innovative business simulation helps to create the situation of authentic communication in the classroom, boosts teambuilding and provides practice of decision-making techniques. The author proves that the hypothesis of the article is correct and the way to solve the problem of business education is found.
Current Problems of General Education on Teaching History for the Study of Social, Humanitarian and Legal Disciplines at University
Authors: Kozhina Tatyana Nikolaevna , Malinina Nataliya Borisovna
Published: June 2020

The relevance of improving the criteria for assessing competencies obtained in the course of learning history by schoolchildren, estimating the quality and relevance of knowledge, skills and abilities is emphasized. The purpose of the article is to identify pupils’ basic skills, as well as the possibility of making cognitive queries for mastering the disciplines of the social and humanitarian cycle of university training and building a civic position. Methods of research: analysis of the results of the State Final Certification on history at schools of the Chuvash Republic, methodological seminars of teachers who teaches history, monitoring. The authors emphasized that in order to develop criteria for the acquisition of socio-legal, humanitarian disciplines by first-year students and those who are pursuing a specialist's degree at higher educational institutions of the Chuvash Republic firstly it is necessary to analyze the results of mastering social and humanitarian disciplines by students, secondly, to compare them with the typical results of those who pass the State Final Examination on history, thirdly, to conduct an empirical interview with students in order to identify their cognitive needs. Results of the research. The most acute problems associated with the study of the history course by schoolchildren, the theory and methods of teaching history were identified, the task for developing a methodology for students’ monitoring cognitive queries on the history at humanitarian universities. The suggestions in the areas of improving teaching history at school for the development of students' competencies for higher humanitarian and legal education are proposed.
Detection of 2-Dodecylcyclobutanone in Low-Dose Irradiated (0.5 Gy) Goose Fat by Triple-Quad GC-MS/MS
Authors: Stolz Peter , Mandt Gesine , Wohlers Jenifer , Stolz Peter , Bornhütter Roya , Geier Uwe
Published: June 2020

Aim of this work was the development of a sensitive procedure to detect low-dose irradiation in the scale
of 0.5 Gy to 20 Gy in goose fat by detection of 2-dodecylcyclobutanone (2-DCB). The general procedure
to detect 2-alkylcyclobutanone (2-ACB) according to EN 1785 was optimized by using acetonitrile for
extraction of 2-DCB from the lipid fraction before clean-up with silica gel. Gas chromatographic separation
was realized by a 15 m TG-5 HT column, and detection was done by using a triple-quad tandem-mass
spectrometer in SRM-mode. At the irradiation level of 2 Gy, the optimized procedure showed high
repeatability (3.9%), a good intermediate precision (20.9%) and an acceptable recovery rate of 57.8%, with
0.25 ng 2-DCB per gram of fat. With this procedure, a reliable proof of 2-DCB was possible for the
irradiation intensities 20, 5 and 2 Gy for three mass transitions; for 0.5 Gy, a proof was possible for one
mass transition.
Prominent Eustachian Valve Mimicking Thrombus in Right Atrium Diagnosed with Computed Tomography in a Patient with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: SARI Ibrahim , Bingöl Gülsüm , SARI Ibrahim , Nasıfov Muharrem , Özden Tok Özge , Camkiran Volkan , Cakilli Yasin
Published: June 2020

A 51-year-old man presented with paroxsysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Transthoracic echocardiography
revealed mass of 2.3x0.6 cm adjacent to the superior part of the right atrium (RA) compatible with thrombus.
Although thrombus formation in the setting of AF is more common in left atrial appendage and left atrium
it can also be seen in right atrial appendage and RA. We performed cardiac computerized tomography (CCT)
in order to clarify the nature of mass in RA and exclude coronary stenosis. CCT showed prominent
eustachian valve measuring 3.2 cm which was not clear on echocardiography. This case underscores the
importance of complementary cardiovascular imaging to facilitate the correct diagnosis.
Glass Removed During Endoscopic Prepatellar Bursectomy
Authors: Nguyen Thomas X. , McKenzie Shelton A. , Nguyen Thomas X. , J. Hill William
Published: June 2020

Foreign body objects could be a cause of prepatellar bursitis. This is the only reported case in the literature
describing prepatellar bursitis caused by a glass foreign body and the use of endoscopy to retrieve it. During
an endoscopic bursectomy to alleviate symptoms of prepatellar bursitis, glass was discovered. The glass
was removed and the prepatellar space irrigated and debrided to removed inflamed tissue. This case
highlights the only case report of prepatellar bursitis caused by a retained foreign body and the use of
endoscopy to remove it. Endoscopic bursectomy is a viable alternative to open bursectomy to minimize
wound complications and allow faster recovery.
A Case of Leukemia Cutis in an Inguinal Herniorraphy Scar
Authors: Estruch Ivette Tort , Duarte Antonio Moral , Nieto Elena Pareja , Estruch Ivette Tort , Ye Zhou Jing Huang , González López José Antonio
Published: June 2020

Leukemia cutis refers to the infiltration of the skin with leukemia cells. It is a rare extramedullary
manifestation of leukemia, but it is a specific sign of disease progression and bad prognosis. Cases of
leukemia cutis in sites of skin trauma or surgical scars have been described, but there are very few cases
reported in literature. We report a case of a 65-year-old male previously diagnosed with chronic
myelomonocytic leukemia that was showing clinical signs of progression to acute myeloid leukemia. He
underwent right inguinal herniorrhaphy three months before and was showing poor wound healing. Surgical
site infection was suspected, since blood tests showed prolonged neutropenia, so surgical wound
debridement was performed. Pathological findings of removed tissue indicated infiltration by leukemic
cells, which led to the diagnosis of leukemia cutis, not suspected until that moment. Therefore, we conclude
that an exhaustive skin examination (especially in the presence of skin trauma or surgical scars), should be
performed in patients with confirmed or suspected diagnosis of leukemia. Moreover, the possible diagnosis
of leukemia cutis should be considered in leukemia patients who present cutaneous infectious complications
or suboptimal healing following accidental skin trauma or surgery. In these cases, complementary
anatomopathological studies should be performed.
A Case Report on Intraorbital Extraconal Dermoid Cyst
Authors: Sarkar Saumitra , A Dey , SMS Hasan , MK Hossen , HU Rashid , S Sarkar , Sarkar Saumitra
Published: June 2020

Orbital dermoid cyst represents 3 to 4% of all primary orbital tumors. The intraorbital location is relatively
rare and it commonly occurs at childhood. We reported the case of a 4-year-old male child with an
intraorbital dermoid cyst, who presented with progressive left proptosis, which had noticed 6 months earlier.
Visual acuity, ocular motility and fundoscopic examination were normal. Magnetic resonance Imaging
(MRI) revealed an extraconal orbital mass situated on superior & mildly posterior aspect of orbit and which
was iso-to-hypointense in T1, hyperintense in T2, restriction of diffusion in DWI, hyperintense signal on
ADC (Shine through) and no enhancement after giving contrast. The tumor was completely excised via a
left fronto-orbital access. Histopathologically, the tumor was confirmed as dermoid cyst.