bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Calculation of the three-dimensional turbulent boundary layer in the vessel’s bow and midship area by the integral method
Authors: Artyushina T.G.
Published: November 2021

The quality of technical solutions applied in ship design and construction is substantially determined by the validity of viscous flow parameters, especially in the vicinity of thrusters. The influence of shapes on velocity, pressure and turbulence distribution can be assessed by physical experimentation. Along with undeniable advantages, physical modelling has a number of disadvantages: high labour input and cost, limited range of parameters variation (e.g. Reynolds numbers), difficulty in separating the influence of individual factors. Therefore, the development of mathematical models and numerical calculation schemes based on them is extremely relevant. Calculation of friction resistance and calculation of the velocity field in the vicinity of a vessel comes down to the calculation of its boundary layer and trace parameters. Current mathematical models with a planar representation, i.e. working with projections rather than real curves, do not give an accurate description. This has led to the need for a mathematical model that can address all of the required characteristics of a three-dimensional turbulent boundary layer. Both differential and integral methods are used to calculate three-dimensional boundary layers. The model is capable of calculating the characteristics of the spatial boundary layer in the stern and the viscous wake, in the bow and in the middle of the vessel. The model is quite versatile: it has been successfully used both for computing the boundary layer characteristics in the bow and midship area by the integral method based on the thick boundary layer concept, and for computing the turbulent flow in the stern and viscous wake by the differential method based on the partial parabolic concept using the k-ε turbulence model. In this paper we will elaborate on the integral method calculation.
Hierarchical pyramidal subsampling in deep convolutional networks for visual pattern recognition
Authors: Averyanikhin A. E. , Vlasov A. I. , Evdokimova E. V.
Published: November 2021

The main problem of known deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) is that they require a fixed-size input image. This requirement is “artificial” and can reduce recognition accuracy for images or its parts of arbitrary size/scale. The paper proposes a strategy of combining “hierarchical pyramidal subselection” to eliminate the above restriction. The structure of the neural network using the proposed combining strategy allows the generation of prediction regardless of the size/scale of the original image, and also improves the accuracy of recognition. Features of application of CNN for identification and recognition of defects of conducting pattern of printed circuit board blanks have been considered. Features of defects of conductive pattern of printed circuit board blanks have been briefly discussed. The invention proposes the use of artificial CNN, which have advantages in speed and accuracy in solving problems of object recognition on images relative to existing methods. The focus is on the architecture of CNN using hierarchical pyramidal subselection. Capabilities of application of CNN for recognition of defects of conducting pattern of printed circuit board blanks have been shown. Proposed method of hierarchical pyramidal subselection in deep convolutional networks has been implemented in software complex, which allows processing digital data of photographs of conducting pattern of printed circuit boards, in particular during their flaw detection, and can be used for localization of existing defects of conducting pattern. The conclusion draws the possibilities of using methods and means of image processing in flaw detection of radio-electronic equipment and instruments
System of automatic analysis of methods for recognizing the emotional state of a person
Authors: Vlasov A.I. , Larionov I.T. , Orekhov A.N. , Tetik L.V.
Published: November 2021

The introduction of methods and means of digital transformation of industry and the social sphere poses new challenges. One of these tasks is the management of active systems, in which simple registration and identification of the initiators of actions is not enough, but a deeper assessment of their state, including psychophysical and emotional, is required. The article is devoted to the analysis of methods and means of recognizing the emotional state of a person. Approaches to automated recognition of a person's emotional state based on primary, secondary and more complex features are analyzed. The main focus is on a comprehensive approach to recognition of a person's emotional state based on the analysis of visual and audio channels using neural networks and computer psyche algorithms. The target of the article is a formalization of methods and development of means to recognize a person's emotional state according to complex audiovisual criteria. Analyzed software for recognizing the emotional state of a person: FaceReaderNoldus, EmoDetect, FaceSecurity, Microsoft Oxford Project Emotion Recognition, eMotion Software, MMER_FEASy. Methods used to recognize the emotional state of a person by his face have been investigated, such as: the method of basic components, the Viola-Jones method, template comparison, the Hopfield neural network, the method based on the localization of key points on the face and the method based on texture information. Separately analyzed methods of recognizing the emotional state of a person from his speech. invention proposes a solution for multilevel recognition of emotional state of a person based on using algorithms of neural networks and computer psyche. Software for recognizing the emotional state of a person was analyzed: the developed approach can be used for various digital applications, ranging from the analysis of the psychophysiological and emotional state of a person - an operator (pilot, driver, etc.), to multimedia mobile applications for analyzing the emotional state of an interlocutor. The trend for remote work and self-employment opens up such areas of application of these applications as consulting psychologists, interviewing online, optimizing the human resources of companies and organizations. Prospects for using the latest versions of emotional analyzers are shown.
Determination of relative position of antenna system and RGB-D sensor in combined microwave imaging system
Authors: Razevig V. V. , Ivashov S. I. , Bugaev А. S. , Zhuravlev A. V.
Published: November 2021

Microwave imaging technique allows obtaining images of hidden objects in structures and media using microwaves. This technique has various applications such as: nondestructive testing, medical imaging, concealed weapon detection, through-the-wall imaging, etc. Obtaining radar images in these applications is based on processing phase and amplitude of the reflected signal recorded over an aperture (a microwave hologram). Recently, systems began to appear in which the radar part is supplemented by an RGB-D sensor, which allows to obtain new capabilities. For example, there is the a microwave screening system architecture in which inverse synthetic aperture is formed by the natural motion of the subject in the vicinity of a stationary linear antenna array. The microwave system is complemented with an synchronous RGB-D video sensor which captures the trajectory of the moving subject in 3D and allows coherent processing of the radar signal. Another system detects objects buried under irregular surface and uses RGB-D sensor for capturing the surface relief for suppressing reflection of the sounding signal from the surface. Calibration between a radar and an RGB-D sensor is an essential process for microwave and optical data fusion. This article presents a novel approach for calibration, using a planar calibration target which is made of radiotransparent material (such a foam plastic sheet) with square marker and six small metal balls embedded in target surface and representing point objects. The proposed method exploits 3D-3D correspondences between coordinates of point objects in two coordinate systems associated to the sensor and to the radar. One points set is extracted from optical data, using marked corners of the target as a base points. Second points set is obtained from microwave data as local maxima of 3D volume of data reconstructed from one-frequency microwave hologram. Computer modeling were performed using Autodesk 3ds Max software by which models of all components of the system were built and the optical image from the sensor was modeled. Test experiments were carried out using a measurement system composed of the following components: a compact vector network analyzer (VNA), two mechanical scanners with stepper motors, one transmitting and one receiving horn antennas, mounted on the VNA, an RGB-D sensor, a microcontroller board, and a computer. The high accuracy of the method is confirmed both by computer modeling and physical experiment. The accuracy of determination of relative position between the radar and the sensor is about one fifth of the signal wavelength used.
Mathematical model of geolocation of a satellite communication station using one relay satellite
Authors: Kulikov M.V. , Sagalaev M.P. , Titov A.A.
Published: November 2021

At present, multi-satellite geolocation systems based on the TDOA are actively used to localization of radio emission sources in satellite communication systems operating via relay satellites without on-board processing. In General, information about the location of the radio emission sources is contained in the difference of the inclined range from the multiple fixed points with known coordinates. Such points of space in the classical geolocation system are two or more relay satellites in geostationary orbit. It is not always possible to have two or more satellites retransmitting the same signal. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a mathematical model for geolocation using a single relay satellite. Single-satellite geolocation is based on the use of Doppler, TDOA, or phase direction finding methods. With this approach, it is desirable that a single satellite has the ability to move in a controlled manner, either in altitude or at different speeds relative to its standing point. Moving the satellite along the equator in position and along the meridian in height allows you to calculate several orthogonal bases of estimates of the inclined range to the radio source. In this case, the determination of coordinates is based on the increment of the distance of the object's signal runs between the end points of each base. This provides the construction of position lines (hyperballs), the intersection of which is the source location. If the movement of the satellite along the equator and the meridian is performed with a change in speed, then geolocation is based on measurements of several orthogonal components of the Doppler frequency shift of the radio source signals. The base will be called two, four or more pairwise taken orbital positions of the satellite at points with fixed coordinates; S x y z1 1 1 1( , , ) S x y z2 2 2 2( , , ); S x y z2 2 2 2( , , ) S x y z3 3 3 3( , , ); etc. in all possible combinations. An arbitrary inclined base formed in the spacecraft orbit has an extension of Бп (x2  x1)2  (y2  y1)2  (z2  z1)2 . Differential range Дд = Дн2 – Дн1. To geolocate the M-object, you must: 1. Measure the difranges between M over two or more different shifted Дн bases at multiple satellite drift positions – Дд1, Дд2, ..., Дд4, etc. 2. Calculate the parameters al, bl, cl of each l-th hyperbolic surface of the section of the conic equations of the geometric location of the points of position M with the measured Дд1, Дд2, ..., Дд4 and the known Дн. Construct a common point of intersection of several such hyperbolic surfaces of the cross-section of the conic equations of the geometric location of the points of the position of the object M(x, y, z). The resulting vector of linear coordinates M(x, y, z) of the object must be converted from geocentric to geographical coordinates of the spherical coordinate system of the object M (longitude, latitude, Position-vector).
Microwave filters on cavity resonators
Authors: Komarov V.V. , Bushanskiy S.K. , Churkin A.O.
Published: November 2021

Waveguide and cavity microwave filters continue to be the most important components of high-power radio electronic systems. Cavity microwave filters are of great interest as a separate group of devices of this type. The fields of application of such filters are constantly expanding, and the variety of their design is quite large. In addition, the requirements for their electromagnetic characteristics and reliability are currently increasing. In this regard, it becomes necessary to analyze the already created designs of these devices and study the main trends of their improvement. The objective of the present study is to review the known technical solutions of bandpass filters, made on cavity resonators of the microwave range. An overview of the designs of devices for filtering electromagnetic waves on cavity resonators with coaxial and waveguide coupling elements of various frequency ranges is carried out. It is proposed to use the configuration of basic resonators as the main criterion for the classification of these devices. In accordance with this criterion, five groups of filters are considered: on rectangular, cylindrical, spherical, coaxial resonators, as well as on resonators of complex shape. The review makes it possible to analyze the features of the implementation of different technical solutions for bandpass microwave filters of medium and high power levels and to identify the main trends in the development of this area of research.
Algorithms for the automated construction of control matrices of input and output electrical signals when monitoring the functioning of electrical systems of special equipment products
Authors: Shabashov A.V. , Egorova E.V. , Martynov N.V.
Published: November 2021

Controlling the functioning of special equipment is the most important task both at the stage of prototyping and testing, and at the stage of operation. Functional control is understood as checking the electrical interaction of the systems of a special equipment product with each other in accordance with the relevant interaction protocols. At present, the improvement and development of new algorithms for the automated construction of control matrices of input and output signals, which, if necessary, change the logic of the electrical systems of the control object (changing the time of receiving or issuing electrical signals), will require minimal, nonresource-intensive adjustments during software debugging. is the most urgent technical problem in this topic. This article analyzes the control modes using a minimal set of initial data – the formation times of input and output electrical signals, which are completely determined by the protocols of interaction of control systems with the controlled object, and algorithms are determined that automatically generate control matrices of input and output signals. The presented block diagrams of algorithms allow you to form a zero control matrix, as well as determine the maximum key clock moment, using two mathematical matrices describing the input and output signals, while the interaction of special equipment product systems with external control systems at key clock moments is described by a transition graph. The proposed mathematical expression systems are adaptive in the event of serious changes in the operation of the systems of the object of control (or control systems), while the construction of algorithms according to the principles given in this article (the use of standard blocks performing specific tasks) will also make it easy to take into account the change in the form of the initial data. Regularities in the formation of input and output signals are revealed on the basis of the analysis of control over the functioning of various products of special equipment. If it is necessary to change the logic of the operation of the electrical systems of the controlled object (changing the time of receiving or issuing electrical signals), it is enough to correct the initial data, on the basis of which the control matrices of the input and output electrical signals will automatically change, which significantly reduces the software debugging time. Thus, the task of the developer of control modes is reduced to setting the minimum set of initial data – the times of formation of input and output electrical signals, which are completely determined by the protocols of interaction of control systems with the controlled object, then the developed algorithms allow automatically generating control matrices of input and output signals.
Aviation radio control systems as complex technical systems. Part 2. Multicriteria optimization based on a local modification of the statistical theory of optimal control
Authors: Verba V.S. , Merkulov V.I.
Published: November 2021

The analysis of the known modifications of the statistical theory of optimal control (STOC) in the application to the problem of multicriteria optimization of radio control (RC) systems showed that for its solution, a variant that takes into account the measured perturbations in the state model can be used as a basis. The physical meaning of this approach is that of all the alternatives, one is chosen, conditionally the main one, for which a state model is formed. The remaining participants in the general synthesis procedure are considered as a set of perturbations acting on this model. Accordingly, in the quality functional used, the terms that ensure the minimization of these perturbations should be taken into account in the form of an additional linear combination of quadratic forms. Management that minimizes such functionality, to one degree or another, will be jointly the best for the entire set of requirements. The choice of the local optimization option is based on the desire to avoid the need to solve a very computationally expensive twopoint boundary value problem, which is characteristic of the optimization procedures of systems for the entire time of operation, and to ensure invariance to the time of operation. The analysis of the obtained control law allows us to formulate the following conclusions. The control contains two terms, one of which implements the main purpose of the system, providing an approximation of the real state to the required one, and the second takes into account the influence of alternative requirements. The optimized system should include optimal filters that form estimates of the necessary state coordinates, and a controller that forms a control signal. The obtained result indicates that it is possible to optimize management within the framework of solving a multicriteria task (MCT) without solving a complex two-point boundary value problem. If necessary, you can choose another version of the main model with a different set of auxiliary tasks and the corresponding functionality as the main task, with a different control option. In the process of comparing the obtained control options, you can choose the best solution to the general optimization problem. Considered as an example, the law of controlling a group of three initially geographically separated and moving in different directions unmanned aerial vehicles used for radar monitoring of large areas of the earth (water) surface, which at the same time should provide the collection of the group, the required trajectory of its flight and the required topology of participants implementing a given control band, confirmed the possibility of solving the MCT based on STOC.
Methods and algorithms of angular estimation with super-resolution for aviation airborne radar systems
Authors: Verba V.S. , Merkulov V.I. , Chernov V.S.
Published: November 2021

In the practical application of aircraft, there may be situations when it is not possible to resolve radar target signals in the measurement channels of range, speed and angular coordinates in the on-board radar system. In these situations, it is advisable to use angular estimation procedures with super-resolution in the onboard radar system. Various methods and algorithms of angular estimation with super-resolution are known, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages. At the same time, there is no information in the available scientific and technical literature about the algorithms of angular estimation with super-resolution used in the onboard radar system, knowledge of which is necessary when designing promising onboard radar systems. The article systematizes and analyzes the methods and algorithms of angular estimation with super-resolution. The classification of methods of angular estimation with superresolution is given. The generalized information about the known one-dimensional and twodimensional methods and algorithms of angular estimation is given. The algorithms proposed for use in flat antenna arrays, concentric ring antenna arrays, ring antenna arrays, round four-quadrant antenna arrays, flat antenna arrays with a total output signal are considered. It is noted that the features of the construction of radar homing heads include a reduction in the total number of information processing channels achieved by combining antenna elements into sublattices, the output signals of which are used to estimate the angular coordinates of radiation sources. The specificity of such antenna arrays is that the antenna sublattices have radiation patterns that are narrower than those of weakly directed antenna elements. In addition, the distance between the antenna modules can significantly exceed the distance between the antenna elements in a conventional antenna array and at the same time significantly exceed the wavelength size. To determine the possibilities of applying in practice the algorithms of angular two-dimensional estimation with super-resolution considered in the article in the onboard radar system, it is necessary to conduct special studies.
La teoría de la historia de Marx frente a la historiografía
Authors: Cañas Díez Sergio
Published: November 2021

El bicentenario del nacimiento del filósofo alemán Karl Marx (1818-1883) ha contribuido a aumentar el interés por su doctrina filosófica, donde destaca su importancia para la configuración moderna de diversas ramas de la ciencia humana y social. Centrándonos en las repercusiones teóricas y metodológicasque tuvo para el conocimiento de la historia y en las principales lecturashistoriográficas que de ellas se han derivado hasta el presente, queremos explicar cuáles han resistido el paso del tiempo, su consiguiente avance a medida que lo ha hecho la propia disciplina histórica, y cuáles han sido superadas. Así como comprobar cuál ha sido la influencia que la teoría marxista de la historia ha tenido en distintos historiadores contemporáneos. Todo con el fin de saber si se trata de una teoría todavía vigente y por ende útil en el siglo XXI.
NICOLA VEITH, Hacia el Puerto de la Felicidad. La emigración alemana a Sierra Morena y Andalucía en el siglo XVIII, Fundación de Municipios Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, 2021
Authors: Hamer Flores Adolfo
Published: November 2021

NICOLA VEITH, Hacia el Puerto de la Felicidad. La emigración alemana a Sierra Morena y Andalucía en el siglo XVIII, Fundación de Municipios Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla, 2021
Efficacy and safety of ferric carboxymaltose in Indian pregnant women with iron deficiency anemia
Authors: Bhat Vidya , Kiran Brunda , Deshmukh Girish , Kulkarni Ketan , Rodge Ajinkya
Published: November 2021

Background: Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a significant problem worldwide particularly in women. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) in in Indian pregnant women with anemia.Method: This was a single centre, prospective, observational, open label, clinical study at real life scenario with 4 weeks follow up. Fifty pregnant women with IDA and visiting to the Radhakrishna multispecialty hospital, Bangalore, for antenatal care were enrolled for the study. IV FCM was given as per the standard protocol. Change in the laboratory parameters such as hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), packed cell volume (PCV) level at baseline and after 4 weeks of completion of parenteral iron therapy was recorded and fatigue score was assessed. The pregnant women were monitored for the adverse events. Results: All pregnant women received a single IV infusion of FCM 1000 mg. A significant increase in the hemoglobin of 2.37±0.51 g/dl (p<0.001) was noted at 4 weeks, MCV rise of 19.89±21.94 (p<0.001) was noted at 4 weeks, MCHC rise was of 2.56±5.65 and PCV rise was of 4.45±2.67 (p<0.011) at over 4 weeks. Significant improvement in fatigue score was observed at 4 weeks after single FCM infusion. No adverse effects were observed in any pregnant woman throughout the duration of the study.Conclusions: This real-life observational study highlights IV FCM is effective in management of IDA in pregnant women and well tolerated. Trial registration number: CTRI/2021/02/030874
MEASUREMENT OF PARAMETERS OF BROADBAND EMISSION USING MINI-SPECTROMETERS
Authors:   Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Troitsk, Silkis E. G. , Silkis E. G. ,   MORS LTD, Moscow, Troitsk, Stankevich A. S. ,   Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Troitsk, Krasheninnikov V. N. ,   Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Troitsk, Repeev Yu. A. ,   Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Troitsk, Novikov D. V. ,   MORS LTD, Moscow, Troitsk
Published: November 2021

On the basis of mini-spectrometers, a reference lamp of the SIRSH type with a known color temperature, and line spectrum sources, an inexpensive hardware complex has been created for measuring the emission parameters of heterodiodes and interference filters. Examples of recording the emission of heterodiodes (full width at half maximum is 17–30 nm) with a maximum of emission in the region of 659 and 764 nm and measurement of an interference filter (FWHM of the bandwidth is 12 nm) with a maximum transmission of 727 nm are given. The emission parameters of the SIRSH standard lamp are introduced into the program for measuring and processing data, due to which it is possible to significantly refine the value of the wavelength of the maximum emission and transmission.
Demographic and Clinical Features Association With Mortality in Patients With COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study in the West of Iran
Authors: Jalili Ebrahim , Keramat Fariba , Bashirian Saeid , Khazaei Salman , Talebi-Ghane Elaheh , Karami Manoochehr , Soltanian Ali Reza
Published: November 2021

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic as an emergency public health concern has caused hundreds of thousands of deaths in the world. Identifying predictors of death in COVID-19 patients is a key to improving survival and helping patients triage, better management, and assist physicians and health care. The present study was conducted on 512 positive COVID-19 patients confirmed by real-time PCR hospitalized in Sina Hospital, Hamadan, in 2020. The data of demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, chest examination, and disease outcome were collected. The logistic regression model was performed to explore the predictors of in-hospital mortality. Among 512 patients, 57 (11.1%) deaths have occurred. The adjusted odds ratios (OR) estimate of death in COVID-19 for patients with age more than 60 years versus those lower than 60 years was 3.15 (95% CI: 1.06, 9.37). The adjusted OR estimate of death in patients with hypertension comorbidity versus those with no comorbidity was 3.84 (95% CI: 1.27, 11.59). In addition, the adjusted OR estimate (95% CI) of death in patients with respiratory rate above 30 per minute, BUN >20 mg/dL, LDH >942 U/L and SGOT >45 U/L against lower than those values was respectively 10.72 (1.99, 57.68), 5.85 (2.19, 15.63), 13.42 (2.17, 83.22) and 2.86 (1.02, 8.05). The risk of death was higher among the patients with multiple comorbidity diseases, systolic BP lower than 90 mmHg, SPO2 lower than 88 and more than ten days hospitalization in comparison with COVID-19 patients with no comorbidity disease (P=0.002), systolic BP higher than 90 mmHg (P=0.002), SPO2 higher than 88 (P<0.001) and hospitalization for lower than ten days (P=0.012). Our findings suggest that older age, pre-existing hypertension and/or multiple co-morbidities, high respiratory rate, elevated BUN, LDH and SGOT, low systolic BP, and hypoxemia were independently associated with in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 patients. These results can be helpful for physicians and health care workers to improve clinical management and appropriate medical care of COVID-19 patients.
Comparison of Ocular Characteristic Between Major Thalassemia and Healthy Group
Authors: Koochakzadeh Leili , Hashemi Hassan , Pakzad Reza , Hemmatian Rabbani Zahra , Heydarian Samira , Yekta Abbasali , Khoshhal Fahimeh , Ostadimoghaddam Hadi , Tajzadeh Parastoo , Sardari Sara , Khabazkhoob Mehdi
Published: November 2021

To determine and compare ocular characteristics and refractive errors between major thalassemia patients and normal subjects. In this study, 71 thalassemia major patients and 79 age and sex-matched healthy subjects that were selected in an ongoing manner underwent complete optometric and ophthalmic examinations, including autorefraction, subjective refraction, fluorescein tear break-up time, and pachymetry after anthropometric measurements. The results showed that the mean UCVA was better in the control group versus the thalassemia group (P<0.001), while there was no difference in BCVA between the two groups (P=0.416). Moreover, the mean spherical equivalent was 0.38±0.13 D less in the thalassemia group compared to the control group (P=0.007), while corneal power (P<0.001) and cylinder power (P=0.001) were larger in thalassemia patients. The most common type of astigmatism was against the rule pattern in thalassemia patients and with the rule pattern in the control group (P<0.001). The mean tear break-up time was 11.35±6.43 in the thalassemia group and 14.63±5.79 in the control group (P=0.001), and the mean near the point of accommodation (NPA) (P=0.009) and near the point of convergence (NPC). (P=0.003) were significantly smaller in the thalassemia group compared to the control group. These patients suffer from a myopic shift due to exaggerated responses to changes in ocular growth, dry eye secondary to goblet cell loss, and a higher prevalence of vertical astigmatism due to eyelid laxity and pressure on the cornea. Therefore, regular ophthalmological evaluations are highly recommended in these patients.
Temporal Registration of Cardiac Multimodal Images Using Locally Linear Embedding Algorithm
Authors: Ghodsizad Talayeh , Behnam Hamid , Fatemizadeh Emad , Faghihi Langroudi Taraneh , Bayat Fariba
Published: November 2021

Purpose: Multimodal Cardiac Image (MCI) registration is one of the evolving fields in the diagnostic methods of Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs). Since the heart has nonlinear and dynamic behavior, Temporal Registration (TR) is the fundamental step for the spatial registration and fusion of MCIs to integrate the heart's anatomical and functional information into a single and more informative display. Therefore, in this study, a TR framework is proposed to align MCIs in the same cardiac phase.
Materials and Methods: A manifold learning-based method is proposed for the TR of MCIs. The Euclidean distance among consecutive samples lying on the Locally Linear Embedding (LLE) of MCIs is computed. By considering cardiac volume pattern concepts from distance plots of LLEs, six cardiac phases (end-diastole, rapid-ejection, end-systole, rapid-filling, reduced-filling, and atrial-contraction) are temporally registered.
Results: The validation of the proposed method proceeds by collecting the data of Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography (CTCA) and Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE) from ten patients in four acquisition views. The Correlation Coefficient (CC) between the frame number resulted from the proposed method and manually selected by an expert is analyzed. Results show that the average CC between two resulted frame numbers is about 0.82±0.08 for six cardiac phases. Moreover, the maximum Mean Absolute Error (MAE) value of two slice extraction methods is about 0.17 for four acquisition views.
Conclusion: By extracting the intrinsic parameters of MCIs, and finding the relationship among them in a lower-dimensional space, a fast, fully automatic, and user-independent framework for TR of MCIs is presented. The proposed method is more accurate compared to Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal labeling or time-series processing methods which can be helpful in different MCI fusion methods.
Evaluation of Knowledge and Practice of Radiographers and Operating Room Personnel about Radiation Protection: Importance of Training Courses
Authors: Keshtkar Mohammad , Masoumi Hamed
Published: November 2021

Purpose: Awareness of personnel who are professionally involved with ionizing radiation on the principles of radiation protection is very important; especially for operation room personnel, because they do not receive radiation protection training during their university education in Iran. The aim of this study was to evaluate knowledge and practice of radiographers and operating room personnel about the principles of radiation protection.
Materials and Methods: A validated researcher-made questionnaire was used and the study was conducted on 328 medical staff in 2021. Factors such as age, gender, university degree, working years, occupation, and knowledge and practice about radiation protection were recorded. The collected data were analyzed by independent t-test and Pearson correlation analysis using SPSS software.
Results: The results of the study showed that age, gender and university degree have no significant effect on the knowledge and practice of radiographers and operating room personnel (p > 0.05). The knowledge and practice of radiographers were significantly higher than operating room personnel (p < 0.05). With regard to working years, there were significant relationships with the knowledge of personnel (p= 0.034), and with practice (p= 0.038). There was a significant correlation between passed training courses of radiation protection and knowledge (p=0.012), and practice (p=0.033). There was a significant correlation between knowledge about radiation protection and practice (p=0.002).
Conclusion: It is necessary to encourage staff with lower working years and operating room personnel to participate in radiation protection courses and workshops. It can be suggested to add training programs about radiation protection in university education or in-service education for operating room personnel.
Simple atrioventricular (AV) dissociation or AV dissociation caused by third degree AV block?
Authors: Jones Jerry W.
Published: November 2021

The article's abstract is not available.
ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECT OF HEAT TREATMENT ON THE STRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF BARS MADE OF VT47 TITANIUM ALLOY
Authors:   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Duyunova V.A. , Putyrskiy S.V. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Arislanov A.A. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Krokhina V.A. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Shiryaev A.A. ,   Federal State Unitary Enterprise «All-Russian Scientific-Research Institute of Aviation Materials» of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute»
Published: November 2021

The article presents the results of a complex of studies on the analysis of the microstructure, as well as the determination of the mechanical properties under tension, shear resistance and upsetting at room temperature of rolled bars made of pseudo-β-titanium alloy VT47. A comparative analysis of the obtained research results is carried out, showing the dependence of the mechanical properties of rolled bars on various heat treatment modes, aimed at providing increased technological plasticity of the material and strengthening heat treatment.
Risk factors of central diabetes insipidus after transnasal adenomectomy
Authors: Mikhaylova D. S. , Dzeranova L. K. , Rebrova O. Yu. , Pigarova E. A. , Rozhinskaya L. Ya. , Marova E. I. , Azizyan V. N. , Ivashchenko O. V. , Grigoriev A. Yu.
Published: November 2021

Background: At present, surgical intervention is a major treatment strategy for pituitary adenomas. It is commonly complicated with water and electrolyte imbalance. The prevalence of post-surgical central diabetes insipidus (CDI) may amount to 30%; however, its risk factors have not been established.

Aim: To assess the rates and nosological distribution of CDI after transnasal adenomectomy and to identify its risk factors.

Materials and methods: This retrospective study included 96 patients aged 20 to 65 years (median [Q1; Q3] 43 [34.5; 53.5]), who had transnasal adenomectomy in 2010-2011 due to Cushing's disease, acromegaly, prolactinoma, non-functioning pituitary adenoma. All patients underwent clinical examination and laboratory work-up before and after surgery. Their post-surgical course was assessed for 5 to 7 years. Depending on identified manifestations, the patients were categorized into the permanent CDI (n = 15) and transient CDI (n = 34); 47 patients had no CDI.

Results: Cushing's disease (odds ratio (OR) 6.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.3-16.1), secondary adrenal insufficiency (OR 6.8, 95% CI 2.618.3) and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels of < 15.8 pg/mL (OR 5.0, 95% CI 1.9-13.5), microadenoma (OR 4.5, 95% CI 1.7-11.5) promote transient postoperative CDI, whereas macroadenoma decrease this risk (OR 0.2, 95% CI 0.1-0.5). The transient CDI was also more common in patients with secondary hypothyroidism, cortisol level of<200 nmol/L, adenoma's volume at magnetic resonance imaging of < 0.83 cm3 at trend level and more rare in patients with acromegaly and loss of tropic hormones before surgery at trend level as well. No significant risk factors were identified for permanent CDI, but it could be more often associated with secondary hypothyroidism, absence of any adenoma at magnetic resonance imaging and pituitary injury during the surgery and less frequent in patients with macroadenomas at trend level.

Conclusion: The proportion of permanent postoperative CDI was 16% (95% CI 9-24), and that of the transient form 35% (95% CI 25-45). Cushing's disease, microadenoma, development of secondary adrenal insufficiency and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels of < 15.8 pg/mL after surgery increase the probability of transient CDI, whereas macroadenoma does decrease this risk. No significant risk factors were identified for permanent CDI.
ITGA4, ITGB7, TNFα, IL10 genes polymorphisms in the ethnic Buryat patients with ulcerative colitis
Authors: Zhilin I. V. , Chashkova E. Yu. , Zhilina A. A. , Tsyrempilova A. Ch.
Published: November 2021

Background: Worldwide studies of genetic material, polymorphisms and prognostic gene models for immune-associated disorders have established differences in trans-ethnic population cohorts, which determine phenotypic and other characteristics of the course of these diseases. Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a  chronic immune inflammation of the colon mucosa. More than 100 gene polymorphisms associated with multiple integrated cross-talks have been discovered.

Aim: To study the ITGA4, ITGB7, TNFα, IL10 genes polymorphisms in patients with ulcerative colitis belonging to the Buryat ethnic group and living in Irkutsk region, Buryat Republic and Transbaikal territory.

Materials and methods: The study included a total of 49 subjects, 24 of them being UC patients and 25 healthy volunteers, compatible in gender, age and ethnic background. The molecular genetic analysis by real time polymerase chain reaction was performed with DNA samples from whole peripheral blood leucocytes.

Results: The differences in the prevalence of the ITGA4(rs1143674, rs1449263), ITGB7(rs11574532), TNFα(rs1800629), and IL10(rs1800871) genotypes were non-significant (р>0.05). The IL10(rs1800896) GG homozygote patients had higher odds ratio (OR) for UC compared to the carriers of other polymorphisms (OR 24; 95%  confidence interval (CI) 2.783–206.969; р=0.001). The AA homozygote type was less frequent among UC patients compared to healthy volunteers (OR 0.17; 95%  CI 0.049–0.589; р=0.004). The analysis of genotype frequency distribution of all studied genes including clinical characteristics of the disease showed no significant results (р>0.05). The binary logistic regression analysis has shown that IL10(rs1800896)GG was an UC predictor with sensitivity of 96% and specificity of 50%  (AUC 0.760; 95% CI 0.621–0.899; p=0.002; standard error 0.71).

Conclusion: The GG genotype of IL10(rs1800896) is a  UC predictor, whereas the AA genotype is significantly more prevalent among healthy subjects of the Buryat cohort.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ВЫНОСА ВОДЫ И МЕХАНИЧЕСКИХ ПРИМЕСЕЙ С ЗАБОЯ НЕФТЯНЫХ СКВАЖИН
Authors: Urazakov Kamil R. , Alimetov Shamil A. , Tugunov Pavel M.
Published: November 2021

Ссылка для цитирования:  Уразаков К.Р.,  Алиметов Ш.А.,  Тугунов П.М. Исследование эффективности выноса воды и механических примесей с забоя нефтяных скважин // Известия Томского политехнического университета. Инжиниринг георесурсов. – 2021. – Т. 332. – № 10. – С. 77–85.

Актуальность. На сегодняшний день эксплуатация значительной доли нефтяных месторождений ведется механизированным способом и сопровождается рядом осложнений, обусловленных снижением дебита добывающих скважин, обводнением продукции, коррозией и отложением механических примесей в узлах насосного оборудования. Накопление пластовой воды и механических примесей в стволе скважин приводит к увеличению плотности смеси в скважине, снижению депрессии на пласт и дебита, повышению темпов коррозионного износа обсадной колонны. В этой связи одной из наиболее актуальных задач рентабельной эксплуатации скважин является обеспечение условий выноса пластовой воды и механических примесей из ствола скважин. Объект: добывающие скважины, эксплуатирующие обводненные пласты, продукция которых содержит механические примеси. Интервал ниже приема насоса оборудован хвостовиком, предназначенным для увеличения скорости потока и обеспечения условий выноса пластовой воды и механических примесей. Цель: обоснование оптимального диаметра хвостовика, обеспечивающего условия выноса пластовой воды и механических примесей с забоя скважин и соответственно минимальный перепад давления в стволе скважины ниже приема насоса. Результаты. Исследовано влияние эксплуатационных параметров (обводненности, вязкости продукции, дебита) на формирование градиента давления в стволе скважины ниже приема насоса. Разработан расчетный метод определения диаметра хвостовика, обеспечивающего вынос воды и механических примесей с забоя обводненных нефтяных скважин, реализованный в виде компьютерной программы. Показано, что эффективность использования хвостовика с точки зрения выноса пластовой воды увеличивается по мере снижения обводненности, вязкости продукции и дебита скважины. Установлено, что по мере снижения дебита скважины по жидкости диаметр хвостовика, необходимый для выноса механических примесей, уменьшается.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ВЛИЯНИЯ ТЕМПЕРАТУРЫ И СКОРОСТИ ТЕЧЕНИЯ НА ВЯЗКОСТЬ НЕФТЯНЫХ ЭМУЛЬСИЙ
Authors: Mingulov Ildar Sh. , Valeev Marat Davletovich , Mukhametshin Vyacheslav V. , Mingulov Shamil G. , Kuleshova Lyubov S.
Published: November 2021

Ссылка для цитирования:  Исследование влияния температуры и скорости течения на вязкость нефтяных эмульсий / И.Ш. Мингулов, М.Д. Валеев, В.В. Мухаметшин, Ш.Г. Мингулов, Л.С. Кулешова // Известия Томского политехнического университета. Инжиниринг георесурсов. – 2021. – Т. 332. – № 10. – С. 69–76.

Актуальность. В связи с широким изменением значений температур и обводненности добываемой парафинистой нефти необходимо наличие ряда исходных данных, в том числе о вязкости нефти, для установления технологических режимов эксплуатации скважин. В связи со значительным ростом обводненности продукции месторождений вязких парафинистых нефтей изучение влияния этих параметров на реологические свойства добываемой продукции для увеличения рентабельности разработки месторождений является весьма актуальным. Цель: изучить влияние температуры, обводненности и скорости течения водонефтяных эмульсий на вязкостную характеристику. Объекты: искусственные водонефтяные эмульсии Киенгопского месторождения, изготовленные из естественных проб. Методы. Исследование реологических характеристик водонефтяных эмульсий проводилось в лабораторных условиях с использованием ротационного вискозиметра «Роотест-2». Результаты. Получена зависимость эффективной вязкости обратных эмульсий от обводненности нефти Гремихинского нефтяного месторождения, показывающая ее экспоненциальный характер в диапазоне содержания воды 0–69 %. Дальнейшее увеличение обводненности приводит к резкому многократному снижению значения вязкости из-за инверсии фаз в эмульсии. Установлены границы перехода ньютоновских свойств водонефтяных эмульсий в неньютоновские (вязкопластичные) по содержанию внутренней водной фазы и влияние на переходный процесс температуры среды. Установлено, что изменение вязкости безводной нефти в интервале температур 7–20 °С происходит во всем диапазоне изменения угловой скорости вращения измерительного цилиндра, причем чем меньше скорость, тем больше предел изменения вязкости. С увеличением содержания воды в исследуемой среде верхняя граница температурного интервала, в котором вязкость эмульсии непостоянна, повышается. Уменьшение скорости течения водонефтяной эмульсии в промысловом оборудовании (скважине и трубопроводах) приводит к росту эффективной вязкости при прочих равных условиях, что необходимо учитывать при проектировании технологических процессов в нефтедобыче.