bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Osimertinib Induces the Opposite Effect of Proliferation and Migration in the Drug
Resistance of EGFR-T790M Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Cells
Authors: Wang Rou-Hsin , Chang Chien-Jen , Chen Chien-Hung , Liu Kuang-Kai , Chao Jui-I
Published: February 2023

Background:

Lung cancer has become one of the leading causes of cancer incidence and mortality worldwide.
Non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is the most common type among all lung cancer cases. NSCLC patients
contained high levels of activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations, such as exon 19 deletion,
L858R and T790M. Osimertinib, a third-generation of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), has therapeutic
efficacy on the EGFR-T790M mutation of NSCLC patients; however, treatment of osimertinib still can induce drug
resistance in lung cancer patients. Therefore, investigation of the drug resistance mechanisms of osimertinib will provide
novel strategies for lung cancer therapy.

Methods:

The H1975OR osimertinib-resistant cell line was established by prolonged exposure with osimertinib derived
from the H1975 cells. The cell proliferation ability was evaluated by the cell viability and cell growth assays. The
cell migration ability was determined by the Boyden chamber assays. The differential gene expression profile was
analyzed by genome-wide RNA sequencing. The protein expression and location were analyzed by western blot and
confocal microscopy.

Results:

In this study, we established the osimertinib-resistant H1975 (T790M/L858R) cancer cells, named the
H1975OR cell line. The cell growth ability was decreased in the H1975OR cells by comparison with the H1975 parental
cells. Conversely, the cell migration ability was elevated in the H1975OR cells. We found the differential gene
expression profile of cell proliferation and migration pathways between the H1975OR and H1975 parental cells. Interestingly,
the protein levels of phospho-EGFR, PD-L1, E-cadherin and β-catenin were decreased, but the survivin and
N-cadherin proteins were increased in the H1975OR drug-resistant cells.

Conclusion:

Osimertinib induces the opposite effect of proliferation and migration in the drug resistance of EGFRT790M
lung cancer cells. We suggest that differential gene and protein expressions in the cell proliferation and migration
pathways may mediate the drug resistance of osimertinib in lung cancer cells. Understanding the molecular drugresistant
mechanisms of proliferation and migration pathways of osimertinib may provide novel targets and strategies
for the clinical treatment of EGFR-TKIs in lung cancer patients.
Stroke and Vascular Cognitive Impairment: The Role of Intestinal
Microbiota Metabolite TMAO
Authors: Tu Ruxin , Xia Jian
Published: February 2023

The gut microbiome interacts with the brain bidirectionally through the microbiome-gutbrain
axis, which plays a key role in regulating various nervous system pathophysiological processes.
Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is produced by choline metabolism through intestinal microorganisms,
which can cross the blood-brain barrier to act on the central nervous system. Previous studies
have shown that elevated plasma TMAO concentrations increase the risk of major adverse cardiovascular
events, but there are few studies on TMAO in cerebrovascular disease and vascular cognitive
impairment. This review summarized a decade of research on the impact of TMAO on stroke and related
cognitive impairment, with particular attention to the effects on vascular cognitive disorders. We
demonstrated that TMAO has a marked impact on the occurrence, development, and prognosis of
stroke by regulating cholesterol metabolism, foam cell formation, platelet hyperresponsiveness and
thrombosis, and promoting inflammation and oxidative stress. TMAO can also influence the cognitive
impairment caused by Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease via inducing abnormal aggregation
of key proteins, affecting inflammation and thrombosis. However, although clinical studies have confirmed
the association between the microbiome-gut-brain axis and vascular cognitive impairment (cerebral
small vessel disease and post-stroke cognitive impairment), the molecular mechanism of TMAO
has not been clarified, and TMAO precursors seem to play the opposite role in the process of poststroke
cognitive impairment. In addition, several studies have also reported the possible neuroprotective
effects of TMAO. Existing therapies for these diseases targeted to regulate intestinal flora and its
metabolites have shown good efficacy. TMAO is probably a new target for early prediction and treatment
of stroke and vascular cognitive impairment.
Latest Patents on Buffers
Authors: Liu Hongbo , Zhao Yunqi , Yang Xiao Dong
Published: February 2023

Background:

When any equipment is running, the physical collision occurs in the machinery,
which requires the hydraulic buffer devices to absorb and dissipate the impact energy in
order to avoid the large vibration and even the damage to the structure caused by the impact load
on the equipment. Therefore, the design of hydraulic buffers is very necessary.

Objective:

Through the analysis of the research status of hydraulic buffers, some valuable conclusions
are extracted from the representative and prospective results to predict the future research and
development direction of hydraulic buffers.

Methods:

The researches on hydraulic buffers are summarized and compared, and the characteristics
of energy absorption and energy consumption of hydraulic buffers are expounded. Combined
with the principle of hydraulic buffers, the related patents of hydraulic buffer are studied.

Results:

By tracing the characteristics of different types of hydraulic buffers, the main problems
existing in the development of hydraulic buffers are analyzed, such as short working life, low energy
absorption efficiency, etc. Solving such problems as a prerequisite, the patents’ development of
the structure and design method of hydraulic buffers is prospected.

Conclusion:

The optimization and development of hydraulic buffers are conducive to improving
the energy absorption efficiency and frequency of hydraulic buffers. This paper, thus, summarizes
the advantages and disadvantages of different kinds of hydraulic buffers by tracing and summarizing
the previous patents, learning that the most widely used buffer is the porous hydraulic buffer,
but the cushioning performance of core rod buffer is more, which is the main development trend in
the future.
Optimization of Single Screw Extrusion Processing Variables and Soy and
Rice Flour Blend Formulations based on Physical Properties of Extrudates
Authors: Mitra Pranabendu , Pakki Srikanth Manohar , Acharya Binu , Khanvilkar Sagar
Published: February 2023

Background:

Extruded cereals and snacks are mainly carbohydrates. Most adults require
more protein above RDA by restricting carbohydrates for many health benefits. A wide variety of
soy protein-rich extrudates can be produced by blending with rice flour. However, optimum extrusion
processing variables (i.e., screw speed, die temperature, and product formulations) are required
for maximum retention of nutrients with desired product characteristics.

Objective:

The objective of this study was to optimize the extrusion operating conditions and soy
flour and rice flour blend formulations for developing protein-rich cereal-like extrudates.

Methods:

Twenty formulations using CCRD with the combinations of soy flour content (43-77%),
die temperature (123-157°C), and screw speed (250-350 rpm) were extruded using a single screw
extruder. The physical properties (expansion ratio, density, porosity, hardness, crispness, color, and
water solubility index) of extrudates were determined. The regression models and 3-dimensional
response surface models were developed for each property of extrudates using RSM. Numerical and
graphical optimizations were conducted based on the desirability to determine an optimum condition.

Results:

The regression models were able to predict the physical properties of extrudates with an
accuracy of 75-90%, depending on their properties. The 3-dimensional response surface models indicated
that the soy flour content, die temperature, and screw speed affected the physical properties
of extrudates significantly (p < 0.05). Soy flour content (50-55%), die temperature (140-145°C), and
screw speed (290-320 rpm) were very effective for the desired quality of soy flour and rice flour
blend extrudates.

Conclusion:

The optimum condition is expected to be very useful for soy protein and rice flour
blend extruded cereal-like product development commercially within the experimental range.
Microwave-assisted Sustainable Production of Biodiesel: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Ao Supongsenla , Chhandama Michael VL , Li Hu , Lalthazuala Rokhum Samuel
Published: February 2023

Limited crude petroleum and growing awareness of fossil fuel depletion have enabled the development of alternative fuels and new energy sources. Biodiesel, also known as fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), has received a lot of attention due to its biodegradability, renewability, cost effective and nontoxicity. The purity of biodiesel production and uniform heating are the major hurdles for large scale biodiesel production. Recent microwave energy-based heating method has proved the potential for cleaner chemical production, short time duration, uniform heating, and purity over conventional heating method. The goal of this review is to discuss the biodiesel production using microwave-assisted heating. The different feedstocks used for biodiesel production, effects of mi-crowave irradiation, factors affecting the rate of microwave-assisted transesterification to produce biodiesel were comprehensively discussed. Microwave irradiation has been compared to other tech-nologies aiming to enhance the efficiency of overall process. The primary knowledge gaps in bio-diesel production can be identified based on this research, ensuring the biodiesel industry's long-term sustainability.
A Critical Understanding of Artificial Intelligence: A Phenomenological Foundation
Authors: Mickunas Algis , Pilotta Joseph
Published: February 2023

Artificial intelligence (AI) is viewed as one of the technological advances that will reshape modern societies and their relations. While the design and deployment of systems that continually adapt hold the promise of far-reaching, positive change, they simultaneously pose significant risks, especially to already vulnerable people.

This work explores the meaning of AI, and the important role of critical understanding and its phenomenological foundation in shaping its ongoing advances. The values, power, and magic of reason are central to this discussion. Critical theory has used historical hindsight to explain the patterns of power that shape our intellectual, political, economic, and social worlds, and the discourse on AI that surrounds these worlds. The authors also delve into niche topics in philosophy such as transcendental self-awareness, post-humanism, and concepts of space-time and computer logic.

By embedding a critical phenomenological orientation within their technical practices, AI communities can develop foresight and tactics that can better align research and technology development with established ethical principles — centering vulnerable people who continue to bear the brunt of the negative impacts of innovation and scientific progress. The creation of a critical–technical practice of AI will lead to a permanent revolution in social, scientific, and political communities. The years ahead will usher in a wave of new scientific breakthroughs and technologies driven by AI research, making it incumbent upon AI communities to strengthen the social contract through ethical foresight, a capability which only phenomenology can deliver, ultimately supporting future technologies that enable greater well-being, with the goal of delivering practical truths.

A Critical Understanding of Artificial Intelligence: A Phenomenological Foundation is an essential read for anyone interested in the complex debate and phenomenology surrounding AI and its growing role in our society.
Physical Activity Surveillance in Children and Adolescents Using Smartphone Technology: Systematic Review
Authors: Nasruddin Nur Izzatun Nasriah , Murphy Joey , Armstrong Miranda Elaine Glynis
Published: February 2023

Background

Self-reported physical activity (PA) questionnaires have traditionally been used for PA surveillance in children and adolescents, especially in free-living conditions. Objective measures are more accurate at measuring PA, but high cost often creates a barrier for their use in low- and middle-income settings. The advent of smartphone technology has greatly influenced mobile health and has offered new opportunities in health research, including PA surveillance.

Objective

This review aimed to systematically explore the use of smartphone technology for PA surveillance in children and adolescents, specifically focusing on the use of smartphone apps.

Methods

A literature search was conducted using 5 databases (PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, MEDLINE, and Web of Science) and Google Scholar to identify articles relevant to the topic that were published from 2008 to 2023. Articles were included if they included children and adolescents within the age range of 5 to 18 years; used smartphone technology as PA surveillance; had PA behavioral outcomes such as energy expenditure, step count, and PA levels; were written in English; and were published between 2008 and 2023.

Results

We identified and analyzed 8 studies (5 cross-sectional studies and 3 cohort studies). All participants were aged 12-18 years, and all studies were conducted in high-income countries only. Participants were recruited from schools, primary care facilities, and voluntarily. Five studies used mobile apps specifically and purposely developed for the study, whereas 3 studies used mobile apps downloadable from the Apple App Store and Android Play Store. PA surveillance using these apps was conducted from 24 hours to 4 weeks.

Conclusions

Evidence of PA surveillance using smartphone technology in children and adolescents was insufficient, which demonstrated the knowledge gap. Additional research is needed to further study the feasibility and validity of smartphone apps for PA surveillance among children and adolescents, especially in low- and middle-income countries.
The Indigenous Australian Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Cohort Study 2, Continuation for 5 to 10 Years: Protocol for a Longitudinal Study
Authors: Hedges Joanne , Sethi Sneha , Garvey Gail , Whop Lisa J , Canfell Karen , Dodd Zell , Larkins Priscilla , Antonsson Annika , Smith Megan A , Mittinty Murthy , Leane Catherine , Reid Nicolas , Ooi Eng H , Ju Xiangqun , Logan Richard , Jamieson Lisa
Published: February 2023

Background

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, a common sexually transmitted disease, is associated with cancers of the cervix, vulva, vagina, penis, anus, and head and neck. Oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC; throat cancer) is a type of cancer involving the head and neck area that is rapidly increasing across the globe. There are higher rates of OPSCC among Indigenous populations relative to non–Indigenous Australian populations, although the HPV-attributable fraction remains unknown. For the first time at a global level, we plan to extend an Indigenous Australian adult cohort to monitor, screen, and ultimately prevent HPV-associated OPSCC and to undertake extensive cost-effectiveness modelling around HPV vaccination.

Objective

This study aims to (1) extend follow-up to a minimum of 7 years post recruitment to describe the prevalence, incidence, clearance, and persistence of oral HPV infection; and (2) conduct clinical examinations of the head and neck, oral cavity, and oropharynx and collect saliva samples for early-stage OPSCC testing.

Methods

We will continue to implement a longitudinal design for the next study phase, where we will ascertain the prevalence, incidence, clearance, and persistence of oral HPV infection at 48, 60, and 72 months; undertake clinical examinations/saliva assessments to detect early-stage OPSCC; and refer for treatment. The primary outcome measures are changes in oral HPV infection status, biomarker measures of early HPV-related cancer, and clinical evidence of early-stage OPSCC.

Results

Participant 48-month follow-up will commence in January 2023. The first results are expected to be submitted for publication 1 year after 48-month follow-up begins.

Conclusions

Our findings have potential to change the way in which OPSCC among Australian Indigenous adults is managed, with desired impacts including cost-savings on expensive cancer treatments; improved nutritional, social, and emotional outcomes; and improved quality of life for both Indigenous adults and the Indigenous community more broadly. Continuing a large, representative Indigenous adult cohort to track oral HPV infection and monitor early OPSCC is essential to yield critical information to include in the management armamentarium of health and well-being recommendations for Australia’s First Nations.

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

PRR1-10.2196/44593
The Effectiveness of a Smartphone Intervention Targeting Suicidal Ideation in Young Adults: Randomized Controlled Trial Examining the Influence of Loneliness
Authors: McGillivray Lauren , Keng-Meng Hui Nicholas , Wong Quincy J J , Han Jin , Qian Jiahui , Torok Michelle
Published: February 2023

Background

Loneliness is commonly reported by young people and has been shown to contribute to the rapid onset and escalation of depression and suicidal ideation during adolescence. Lonely people may also be particularly susceptible to disengaging from treatment early given the likelihood of their more complex clinical profiles leading to cognitive fatigue. While a smartphone intervention (LifeBuoy) has been shown to effectively reduce suicidal ideation in young adults, poor engagement is a well-documented issue for this therapeutic modality and has been shown to result in poorer treatment outcomes.

Objective

This study aims to determine whether loneliness affects how young people experiencing suicidal ideation engage with and benefit from a therapeutic smartphone intervention (LifeBuoy).

Methods

A total of 455 community-based Australian young adults (aged 18-25 years) experiencing recent suicidal ideation were randomized to use a dialectical behavioral therapy–based smartphone intervention (LifeBuoy) or an attention-matched control app (LifeBuoy-C) for 6 weeks. Participants completed measures of suicidal ideation, depression, anxiety, and loneliness at baseline (T0), post intervention (T1), and 3 months post intervention (T2). Piecewise linear mixed models were used to examine whether loneliness levels moderated the effect of LifeBuoy and LifeBuoy-C on suicidal ideation and depression across time (T0 to T1; T1 to T2). This statistical method was then used to examine whether app engagement (number of modules completed) influenced the relationship between baseline loneliness and suicidal ideation and depression across time.

Results

Loneliness was positively associated with higher levels of overall suicidal ideation (B=0.75, 95% CI 0.08-1.42; P=.03) and depression (B=0.88, 95% CI 0.45-1.32; P<.001), regardless of time point or allocated condition. However, loneliness did not affect suicidal ideation scores across time (time 1: B=1.10, 95% CI –0.25 to 2.46; P=.11; time 2: B=0.43, 95% CI –1.25 to 2.12; P=.61) and depression scores across time (time 1: B=0.00, 95% CI –0.67 to 0.66; P=.99; time 2: B=0.41, 95% CI –0.37 to 1.18; P=.30) in either condition. Similarly, engagement with the LifeBuoy app was not found to moderate the impact of loneliness on suicidal ideation (B=0.00, 95% CI –0.17 to 0.18; P=.98) or depression (B=–0.08, 95% CI –0.19 to 0.03; P=.14).

Conclusions

Loneliness was not found to affect young adults’ engagement with a smartphone intervention (LifeBuoy) nor any clinical benefits derived from the intervention. LifeBuoy, in its current form, can effectively engage and treat individuals regardless of how lonely they may be.

Trial Registration

Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12619001671156; https://tinyurl.com/yvpvn5n8

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)

RR2-10.2196/23655
El problema de los derechos económicos de los pueblos indígenas en el Convenio 169 de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo
Authors: Naranjo Luzuriaga Edison Joselito , Bonilla Jurado Diego Mauricio
Published: February 2023

El artículo analiza el Convenio 169 de la Organización Internacional del Trabajo (OIT) en atención a la cuestión de los derechos económicos de los pueblos indígenas. Se toma como premisa la pobreza en la cual se mantienen los pueblos indígenas. Con base en esto, se examinan los siguientes aspectos relacionados con los derechos económicos: la ambigüedad en la formulación de dichos derechos; la concepción de los pueblos indígenas como agentes pasivos, el significado difuso de los derechos económicos, su concepción a partir del criterio de subsistencia, los límites de la consulta previa, y el derecho al empleo. A manera de conclusión se pone de manifiesto el problema de la formulación equívoca y remedial de los derechos económicos.
A New Direction Towards Plus weighted Grammar
Authors: Saridha Dr. S. , Banu S. Haridha
Published: February 2023

Abstract: The core of this paper is to establish plus weighted grammar and to illustrate the language accepted by the pwfa and pwg are equivalent.
A Web Service Discovery Approach Based on Operation Discovery with Ranking Algorithm
Authors: Agrawal Prof. Neha
Published: February 2023

Abstract: Today’s all people aware with Grid Computing. It is resource sharing and coordinated problem solving in dynamic multi–institutional virtual organization. Trust is a characteristics and quality of a Grid Computing. It is enabling of confidence that something will or will not occur in a predictable manner. It is supported on identification, authentication, accountability, authorization and availability. Trust Model identifies the specific mechanisms that are necessary to respond to a specific threat profile. Threat Profile identifies the specific threats that are most likely to put environment at risk. Web Service Prediction Framework is used for the service discovery and web content, it explaining an algorithm for the induction’s rule for prediction. This framework description model contains the path type of interface parameter. This method shows overall matching of interface by assuming abbreviation of synonyms and combined form of disordered fragments into outcomes in form of high precision, recall and F-measure. The current approach is dealing with query of word related or it may be semantic in discovery dataset. Further web service mining of synaptic from dataset in knowledge of domain can be work in future. It will help to investigate the better approach to calculate relationship of trust and drawback evaluation
Customer Churn Prediction Using Machine Learning
Authors: Zimal Sudarshan , Shah Chirag , Borhude Shivam , Birajdar Amit , Patil Prof. Shreedhar
Published: February 2023

bstract: Rapid technology growth has affected corporate practices. With more items and services to select from, client churning has become a big challenge and threat to all firms. We offer a machine learning-based churn prediction model for a B2B subscription-based service provider. Our research aims to improve churn prediction. We employed machine learning to iteratively create and evaluate the resulting model using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1- score. The data comes from a financial administration subscription service. Since the given dataset is mostly non-churners, we analyzed SMOTE, SMOTEENN, and Random under Sampler to balance it. Our study shows that machine learning can anticipate client attrition. Ensemble learners perform better than single base learners, and a balanced training dataset should increase classifier performance.
The joint effect mechanism of two types of corporate social responsibility attribution on organizational identification
Authors: Luo Xuan , Wang Lei , Chao Gang
Published: February 2023

We built a model to study the moderating and direct effects of corporate social responsibility altruistic attribution and corporate social responsibility egoistic attribution on organizational identification. Data were collected from 205 employees of two manufacturing enterprises in
China. We found that corporate social responsibility altruistic attribution and corporate social responsibility egoistic attribution were not in an either–or relationship, but could coexist. Further, the interaction effect of corporate social responsibility altruistic attribution and
corporate social responsibility egoistic attribution was different from that of a single attribution. Finally, corporate social responsibility egoistic attribution had both positive and negative effects. This study offers a fresh viewpoint for future discussions of the effect of corporate
social responsibility attribution on employees' attitudes and behaviors from the perspective of their combined effects.
Unemployment risk perception and knowledge hiding under the disruption of artificial intelligence transformation
Authors: Xu Guanglu , Xue Ming
Published: February 2023

Using social exchange theory, we proposed a moderated mediation model to explore the relationship between unemployment risk perception and employee knowledge hiding under the disruption of artificial intelligence transformation. We conducted an empirical analysis of data from 274 respondents
who completed a two-stage survey with an interval of about 2 weeks. The results were as follows: First, unemployment risk perception was positively related to employee knowledge hiding. Second, psychological contract breach mediated the relationship between unemployment risk perception and
employee knowledge hiding. Third, mindfulness negatively moderated the relationship between psychological contract breach and employee knowledge hiding. Fourth, mindfulness negatively moderated the strength of the mediated relationship between unemployment risk perception and employee knowledge
hiding via psychological contract breach. The research conclusions can help companies formulate policies to guide employees to actively share knowledge in artificial intelligence transformation contexts.
ФИЛОСОФИ СЭТГЭЛГЭЭНИЙ ТҮҮХЭНД “МЕНТАЛИТЕТ” ХЭМЭЭХ ОЙЛГОЛТЫН ФИЛОСОФИ УТГЫН ХУВЬСАЛ
Authors: Г.Лодой, В.И.Павлов
Published: February 2023

Товч агуулга: Хүн төрөлхтөн үндэстэн хоорондын, үндэстэн доторх тэмцлийг зогсоохын тулд харилцааны тэнцвэр, түүний уялдаа холбоог өнөө хүртэл хайсаар л байгаа. Иймд аливаа улсын дотоод хэрэгт гаднаас зэвсэг хэрэглэж оролцох нь тухайн улсын ард түмний угсаатан хоорондын харилцааг тогтворжуулдаггүй, харин эсрэгээр олон жилийн турш далд байсан зөрчлийг ил гаргаж улмаар угсаатан хоорондын харилцааны тэнцвэр алдагдаж, улс хямралд ордог. Энэхүү хямралын шалтгаан нь төрийн явуулж буй улс төр ба эдийн засгийн бодлого нь тухайн ард түмний менталитет, ертөнцийг үзэхүй, уламжлал, үнэлэмжийн тогтолцоотой зөрчилд орсонтой холбоотой юм. Үүний улмаас явуулж буй төрийн бодлого үр дүнд хүрдэггүй, цаашилбал, ард түмний дунд уг бодлогыг дэмжихгүй,тэдний эсэргүүйцлийг бий болгодог юм. Өөрөөр хэлбэл, янз бүрийн салбарт хэрэгжүүлж буй төрийн бодлогыг маш нарийн, түүхийн олон үе шат дамжсан “менталитет”-ад тулгуурлан явуулахгүй бол үр дүн бага гардаг юм. Үүний улмаас л эртний сэтгэгч нар уг үзэгдлийг судлаж өөрийн үзэл бодлоо илэрхийлжээ.
ӨНДӨР ГЭГЭЭНИЙ ГҮН УХААНЫ ҮЗЭЛ САНАА
Authors: Г.Лувсанцэрэн, Т.Булган
Published: February 2023

Товч утга: Эл өгүүлэлд Өндөр гэгээн Занабазарын гүн ухааны үзлийг түүний гүн ухааны зарим зохиолд тулгуурлан гаргахыг оролдсон болно. Үүнд:Маанийн гүн бүтээлийн арга, Цагийг тохинуулах залбирал зохиолууд нь чухал болно.
З.ФРОЙДЫН ПСИХОАНАЛИЗ ДАХЬ УХАМСАРГҮЙ ХЭМЭЭХ ОЙЛГОЛТ
Authors: Р. Дарьхүү, С. Хишигтогтох
Published: February 2023

Товч утга: Психоанализийн эцэг гэдгээр нь З.Фройдыг олон хүн мэддэг. Монголчууд Фрейд гэдэг ч герман хэлээр Фройд гэж дуудагддаг тул Фройд гэж бичих нь зөв. З.Фройд «Психоанализ» хэмээх нэр томъёог анх шинжлэх ухаанд оруулсан. Тэрээр “Психоанализ”, «Зүүд нойрыг тайлбарлахуй», «Ердийн амьдралын психопатологи», «Сексийн шинж чанарын тухай онол» «Нэгэн хийрхлийн түүхээс», «Леонардо Да Винчи», «Шүтээн ба хориг» зэрэг олон алдартай бүтээл туурвижээ.
THE BUDDHIST RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MONGOLIA AND THE REPUBLIC OF BURIATIA
Authors: D.Lkhagvasuren, S.Yanjinsuren
Published: February 2023

Main goal: This paper provides a peek into the Buddhist Buryat ethnic group in Russia, explores the history of Buddhism in (Republic of Buriatia) Buryatia and its relations with Mongolia from the 17th century to the present day. The paper also seeks to provide an answer to the question of how was the religious relationship between Mongolia and the Buryat ethnic group, in the span of several centuries, from it’s first development in the 17th century to the present day. Our study suggests that historically, Buryats have had a close religious and cultural ties with Mongolia over the centuries
ЗЭН БУДДИЗМЫН ЭХЭН ҮЕИЙН ТҮҮХЭЭС
Authors: С.Янжинсүрэн, Н.Мөнхцэцэг
Published: February 2023

Товч утга: Японы Зэн буддизмын түүхээс үзвэл түүний гарал үүсэл нь Хятадад хөгжсөн Чань буддизмтай салшгүй холбоотой. Чань хийгээд зэн буддизмын түүх нь хүн төрөлхтний түүхийн цааших бүх үеийн турш үргэлжилж байгаа ч тус өгүүлэлд зөвхөн эхэн үеийн түүхийг нь тоймлон авч үзэв
НАМСРАЙ САХИУСНЫ МОНГОЛ НЭРИЙН ШИНЖИЛГЭЭ
Authors: С.Янжинсүрэн
Published: February 2023

Гол утга: Намсрай сахиус нь Бурханы шашинт ард түмнүүдийн дунд түгээмэл шүтэгддэг бөгөөд түүний нэр нь ихэнхдээ санскрит, төвдөөр нэрлэгддэг ба төвд нэрийн олон хувилбарыг монголчууд өөрийн хэлэндээ орчуулан судар бичигт үлдээсэн байна. Бусад нэрийн олон хувилбар байгааг эх сурвалж судруудад тулгуурлан шинжилгээ хийхийг оролдов.
“ӨНГӨ” ХЭМЭЭХ МЭДЭГДЭХҮҮНИЙГ ТАНИН МЭДЭХ АСУУДАЛД
Authors: Т. Булган, А.Баасансүрэн
Published: February 2023

Товч утга: Буддын философийн танин мэдэхүйн судлалд мэдэгдэхүүн (phenomena) хэмээх ойлголт гол суурь эзлэх бөгөөд энэхүү суурь мэдэгдэхүүнийг танин барихын тулд юуны өмнө түүний мөн чанар, ялгалыг танин мэдэх, улмаар буй ба буй бус мэдэгдэхүүн, мөн ба биш хэмээх ойлголт, няцлага ба бүтээхүйн утга, нэг ба тус тус утга, шалтгаан ба үр дагавар, орон ба оронт, ерөнхий ба тусгаар, харшлах ба барилдах, бэлгэ чанар ба бэлгэдэлт, гурван цаг, өөрийн ба ерөнхий бэлгэ чанар, ном хаялцах арга ухаан, учир шалтгааны гаргалгаа, нотлолууд зэрэг танин мэдэхүйн олон аспектуудыг авч үздэг билээ.
ХҮРЭЭЛЭН БУЙ ОРЧНЫ ФИЛОСОФИ: СПИНОЗАГИЙН ФИЛОСОФИ ДАХЬ НАТУРА НАТУРАТА, НАТУРА НАТУРАНС ХЭМЭЭХ ОЙЛГОЛТУУДЫН ТУХАЙ
Authors: Б.Мөнхжавхлан, Б. Дагзмаа
Published: February 2023

Товч утга: Спинозагийн философи дахь Натура Натурата, Натура Натуранс хэмээхойлголтууд нь хожуу үеийн хүрээлэн буй орчны философийн “Экологи-би” буюу “Өөрийгөө ухаарахуй” гэдэг ойлголтын үндэс болсон бөгөөд орчин үеийн гүн экологийн гол төлөөлөгч Арне Наэссийн “Өөрийгөө ухаарахуй” гэдэг нь хүн болон хүнээс бусад бүх зүйл өөрийн гэсэн дотоод үнэ цэнэтэй гэсэн үзэл санаанаас үүдэж энэ нь метафизикийн гэхээс илүүтэй ёс суртахууны агуулгатай гэж үзсэн болно.
ШИНЖЛЭХ УХААНЫ ФИЛОСОФИ ДАХЬ ОНОЛУУДЫН ХАРИЛЦАН ХЭМЖИЛГҮЙН АРГА ЗҮЙН АСУУДАЛ
Authors: Ц.Онон, М.Отгонбаяр
Published: February 2023

Товч утга: Шинжлэх ухааны онолуудын солигдол нь шинжлэх ухааны түүхэн дэх тасралт буюу кумулятив биш байдлыг илэрхийлдэг бөгөөд онолуудыг харьцуулах нийтлэг шалгуур боломжгүй тухай санааг анх Т.Кун, П.Фейерабенд нар дэвшүүлсэн. Энэ нь орчин үеийн философийн харьцуулсан судалгааны арга зүйн чухал баримтлал болж байна. Шинжлэх ухааны онолуудын харилцан хэмжилгүйн асуудлыг байгалийн шинжлэх ухааны онолуудын солигдол, тэдгээрийн ойлголтуудын утгын болон референцийн ялгаа, ажиглалтын өгөгдхүүнийг онолоос хамааран ялгаатай тайлбарлаж буй байдал, орчуулгын харилцан хэмжилгүй зэрэг асуудлыг энэ өгүүлэлд дэлгэрэнгүй авч үзлээ.
МОНГОЛ, АМЕРИК ХОЁР УЛСЫН ХАРИЛЦААНД МОНГОЛ ЛАМ НАРЫН ОРУУЛСАН ХУВЬ НЭМЭР
Authors: Д.Лувсанжамц
Published: February 2023

Товч утга: Тус өгүүлэлд XIX зууны сүүл, ХХ зууны эхэн үед Монгол лам нар монголын нийгмийн “сэхээтний” давхаргыг бүрдүүлж байсан бөгөөд улсынхаа улс төрийн амьдралд идэвхитэй оролцдог, улс орны ирээдүйд санаатавьдаг байсан тухай, ялангуяа Монгол Улсын гадаад бодлогыг боловсролуулах, дэлхийн олон оронтой харилцах, дипломат харилцаа тогтооход чухал нөлөө үзүүлж байсан ба тухайлбал Монгол Улс АНУ-тай дипломат харилцаа тогтоох үндсийг тухайн үеийн эрдэм мэдлэгтэй, зэрэг мяндагтай лам нар тавьсан тухай баримт, судалгаанд тулгуурлан өгүүлэв.
Longitudinal Evaluation of Mathematics Achievement in Children and Adolescents with FASD
Authors: Kennedy Kathleen E. , Pei Jacqueline , Andrew Gail , Rasmussen Carmen
Published: February 2023

Background and Objectives

Mathematics achievement as a particular area of difficulty for individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) has been a robust finding in the literature. However, existing longitudinal data are outdated and do not consider mathematics performance across time during critical periods of transition such as adolescence. Longitudinal data on the developmental trajectory of mathematics and factors that may influence outcomes can inform the development of effective educational intervention strategies for youth with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE)/FASD to promote academic success in the area of mathematics. In the present study, we aimed to add to the existing literature through the examination of mathematics performance at two time-points at both the group and individual levels. We also examined the impact of various demographic and environmental factors on mathematics skills over time.

Materials and Methods

Fifteen children and youth with PAE/FASD were assessed at time 1 (M age = 13.0 years, range 9–17 years), and at time 2 approximately 5 years later (M age = 18.5 years, range 15–23 years) using a standardized measure of math achievement.

Results

At the group level, mean normative math achievement scores significantly decreased over time. At the individual level, reliable change indices indicated that 13.3% (n = 2) of participants’ scores demonstrated clinically significant change across time. No demographic or environmental factor variables were correlated with changes in scores across time.

Conclusion

With recognition that the results need to be considered in the context of the limited power and generalizability that our small sample size offers, our results highlight the importance of considering both group and individual change. Without such information, there is the potential to overgeneralize the extent to which mathematics scores for individuals with PAE/FASD are decreasing across time. Our descriptive findings acknowledge the critical need for adolescent mathematics interventions which consider the complexity and diversity of the deficits present in PAE/FASD because existing services may be buffering some difficulties in the area of mathematics, but are not necessarily promoting longer-term impacts.
“Compare But Not to Compare”: Kajian Perbandingan Hukum di Indonesia
Authors: Lukito Ratno
Published: February 2023

Discussing the study of comparative law in Indonesia, this paper is interested in focusing on the issue of why comparative law studies are declining both in quantity and quality. Using Charles Tilly’s theory of social history, this paper concludes that comparative law studies in Indonesia are currently in a stagnant position and fewer people are concerned with the quality of this academic study. This paper reveals that the comparative law that began during the Dutch Rechtshoogeschool in Batavia in 1924 basically did not develop until the present day. Both in terms of epistemology, subject of the study, postulate to method and approach illustrate how comparative law studies have stagnated when compared to the development of this study abroad. Comparative law in Indonesia is only focused on substantive studies without paying attention to this scientific development on the epistemological and methodological side. Improvements can thus be proposed in dealing with this situation, namely by increasing the number of sources of writing and discussion of comparative law from outside, especially those in English, and making this comparative study a core science in legal studies.

Abstrak

Membahas kajian perbandingan hukum di Indonesia, tulisan ini tertarik untuk memfokuskan diri pada persoalan mengapa kajian perbandingan hukum semakin merosot baik kuantitas maupun kualitasnya. Dengan menggunakan teori sejarah sosial dari Charles Tilly, tulisan ini sampai pada kesimpulan bahwa kajian perbandingan hukum di Indonesia saat ini pada posisi yang mandeg dan semakin sedikit orang yang perhatian dengan mutu dari kajian akademik ini. Tulisan ini mengungkap bahwa perbandingan hukum yang dimulai sejak masa Rechtshoogeschool Belanda di Batavia tahun 1924 pada dasarnya tidak mengalami perkembangan hingga masa sekarang. Baik sisi epistemology, subject of the study, postulate hingga method and approach menggambarkan betapa kajian perbandingan hukum itu mengalami stagnasi bila dibandingkan dengan perkembangan kajian ini di luar negeri. Perbandingan hukum di Indonesia hanya terpusat pada kajian substantive saja tanpa memperhatikan perkembangan keilmuan ini pada sisi epistemologis dan metodologisnya. Perbaikan dengan demikian dapat diusulkan dalam menghadapi situasi ini yaitu dengan semakin memperbanyak sumber tulisan dan bahasan perbandingan hukum dari luar, khususnya yang berbahasa Inggris, dan menjadikan kajian perbandingan ini sebagai ilmu yang inti dalam kajian hukum.
Misinterpretasi Ide Gustav Radbruch mengenai Doktrin Filosofis tentang Validitas dalam Pembentukan Undang-Undang
Authors: Manullang E. Fernando M.
Published: February 2023

The philosophical validity of law (keberlakuan hukum secara filosofis) is always juxtaposed with juridical and sociological aspects, and becomes a central discussion in jurisprudence. This idea has always been an integral part of every academic legislation draft, called philosophical validity (landasan filosofis). This idea was authentically conveyed by Gustav Radbruch. However, there is a philosophical misinterpretation on legal validity. It occurs because there is no explanation of neokantianism perspectives in Radbruch’s thought that Ought and Is statements are not statements as if in a separate world, but transformed as unity under the idea of legal certainty. This manifestation can be reviewed continuously from juridical, sociological and philosophical levels. In addition, the term doctrine in the concept of validity is absent, even though the term implies that validity is related to juridical doctrine (ajaran hukum). To analyse this misinterpretation, this article reflects on Radbruch’s ideas about the philosophical doctrines of validity, including juridical and sociological, and their relevance to the philosophy of neokantianism, which influenced Radbruch’s legal thought. Followed by some critical reflections on how such misinterpretation has led to serious implication in law-making.

Abstrak

Keberlakuan hukum secara filosofis selalu disandingkan dengan aspek yuridis dan sosiologis, dan menjadi ide sentral dalam pengetahuan hukum. Ide ini juga menjadi suatu keharusan dalam setiap penyusunan naskah akademik, dengan sebutan landasan filosofis. Ide ini sesungguhnya secara otentik disampaikan oleh Gustav Radbruch. Namun ada misinterpretasi ide keberlakuan hukum secara filosofis. Ini terjadi karena tiadanya penjelasan filosofi neokantianisme dalam pikiran Radbruch bahwa pernyataan-pernyataan yang seharusnya dan senyatanya bukanlah seperti pernyataan dalam dunia yang terpisah, melainkan menjelma ke dalam suatu kesatuan di bawah ide kepastian hukum. Penjelmaan ini dapat ditinjau secara kontinu dari segi yuridis, sosiologis dan filosofis. Di samping itu, terma doktrin dalam konsep validitas hilang, padahal terma itu memberikan implikasi bahwa validitas terkait dengan ajaran. Ini artinya suatu validitas adalah mengenai bagaimana suatu ajaran terjelma secara nyata dalam lingkup filosofis, termasuk yuridis dan sosiologis. Untuk mengurai misinterpretasi tersebut, artikel ini merefleksikan ide Radbruch tentang doktrin filosofis tentang validitas, termasuk yuridis dan sosiologis, serta merelevansikannya dengan filsafat neokantianisme, yang memengaruhi pemikiran hukum Radbruch. Dilanjutkan dengan beberapa renungan kritis tentang bagaimana misinterpretasi tersebut telah membawa implikasi yang serius dalam pembuatan undang-undang.
Vivencia de la espiritualidad en el paciente con cáncer en quimioterapia ambulatoria
Authors: Duque-Ortiz Camilo , Tirado-Otalvaro Andres Felipe , Guarín-Cardona Luzbiam Fernanda
Published: February 2023

Objetivo: Analizar la vivencia de la espiritualidad en el paciente con cáncer en tratamiento con quimioterapia ambulatoria. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una investigación cualitativa con enfoque histórico hermenéutico. Participaron seis personas con diagnóstico de cáncer que se encontraban en tratamiento de quimioterapia ambulatoria en tres centros asistenciales de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia entre julio de 2020 y julio de 2021.  La información se recolectó a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas. El proceso de análisis se realizó utilizando técnicas de la teoría fundamentada de Strauss y Corbin, tales como: microanálisis, codificación abierta, codificación axial y comparación constante. Resultado: La forma como los pacientes con cáncer en tratamiento de quimioterapia ambulatoria viven la espiritualidad se representa a través de las siguientes categorías: “Emociones vividas durante el tratamiento como impulso para seguir adelante”, “Las redes de apoyo, una fuente de fortaleza y esperanza”, “El cáncer, una prueba divina entre las limitaciones y el aprendizaje”, “La empatía del personal de salud, un mecanismo para afrontar la enfermedad y generar bienestar” y “La espiritualidad, una fuerza que cambia la perspectiva de la enfermedad”. Conclusiones: Pese a la connotación negativa del diagnóstico de cáncer, la dimensión espiritual en el paciente con cáncer en tratamiento de quimioterapia ambulatoria contribuye a que la persona vea la enfermedad desde una perspectiva positiva, aumente la fe y la esperanza para continuar luchando, le dé un sentido de que todo ha valido la pena, permite ver más allá y proporciona tranquilidad para enfrentar las adversidades ocasionadas por el cáncer.
Opportunities and Challenges of ChatGPT in Academia: A Conceptual Analysis
Authors: Islam Iyolita , Islam Muhammad Nazrul
Published: February 2023

ChatGPT, also known as GPT-3, is an AI-based natural language model that
has gained a lot of attention in recent times due to its potential
applications in various sectors including academia, health, and the
like. This AI model is able to offer various automated tasks in the
academic sector which were traditionally performed by humans consuming a
huge time and effort. This short communication aims to explore the
possible opportunities and challenges of ChatGPT in the academic domain.
To attain this objective, data are collected from online resources and
analyzed following the noticing-collecting-thinking model. As outcomes,
the opportunities and challenges of this AI model are described into
four concerns of academic domain including research, education, personal
skill development and social.
Centralization potential of automotive E/E architectures
Authors: Mauser Lucas , Wagner Stefan , Ziegler Peter
Published: February 2023

Current automotive E/E architectures are subject to big changes:
Computing-power-intensive advanced driver-assistance systems,
bandwidth-hungry infotainment systems, the connection of the vehicle
with the internet and the consequential need for cyber-security drives
the centralization of E/E architectures. A centralized architecture is
often seen as a key enabler to master those challenges. Available
research focuses mostly on the different types of E/E architectures and
contrasts their advantages and disadvantages. There is a research gap on
guidelines for system designers and function developers to analyze the
potential of their systems for centralization. The present paper aims to
make centralization potential quantifiable. To achieve this, we
conducted a literature review and qualitative interviews with
practitioners. From literature, we have identified seven automotive
system properties reaching limitations in current automotive
architectures: busload, functional safety, computing power, feature
dependencies, development and maintenance costs, error rate, modularity
and flexibility. The system properties are interpreted as quantitative
evaluation criteria for an estimation whether centralization brings a
benefit for the overall system performance. In the interviews, we have
validated centralization and its fundament - the conceptual systems
engineering - as capabilities to diminish the limitations. Based on this
research, system designers can optimize their systems to face the
previously mentioned challenges and avoid the evolution towards a
monolithic architecture.
DBUHI3 complex an efficient catalyst for the synthesis of 2-phenyl benzimidazole and benzothiazole derivatives
Authors: Gawade Ramesh , Kulkarni Pramod
Published: February 2023

Herein, we have reported the facile synthesis of various benzimidazole/ benzothiazole by using DBU?iodine?iodide as a green and simple catalyst. The R3NHI3 complexes have been formed by reacting an aqueous mixture of ammonium iodide and molecular iodine with the aqueous solution of amine. The structure of R3NHI3 complexes has been confirmed by spectroscopic techniques. The prepared amine?iodine complexes were screened as a catalysts in the synthesis of benzimidazole/benzothiazoles. Among the screened catalysts DBUHI3 complex has been found as most efficient catalyst. The synthesis of benzimidazoles and benzothiazoles has been achieved with the reaction of ophenylene diamine/o-aminothiophenol and various substituted aryl aldehyde using DBUHI3 as a catalyst. The present protocol has offered some advantages over other reported protocols such as the mild reaction condition, commercially available precursors, inexpensive catalyst, short reaction time, the broad scope of the substrate, high yield, simple isolation of the product and environmentally benign method.
Synthesis of novel menthol derivatives containing 1,2,3-triazole group and their in vitro antibacterial activities
Authors: Karbasi Mohadeseh , Salehi Peyman , Aliahmadi Atousa , Bararjanian Morteza , Zandi Farzaneh
Published: February 2023

New N-substituted ?-aminonitrile derivatives from menthol were synthesized by consecutive succinic ester formation, propargylation, 1,3-dipolar Huisgen cycloaddition and Strecker reaction. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by diverse spectroscopic techniques including 1HNMR, 13C-NMR, ESI-MS and IR. The novel synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus as Gram-positive and Escherichia coli as Gram-negative bacteria. These compounds demonstrated a strong inhibitory effect against S. aureus with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranged from 32?128 ?g mL-1. Derivatives 6a2, 6b1, 6b4 and 6b5 with a MIC value of 32 ?g mL-1 exhibited the best inhibitory effects.