bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring Korean Heritage Learners' Perceptions of Heritage Language and Learning
Authors: Lee-Smith Angela
Published: February 2017

The present article explores Korean heritage language (HL) and learners from the learners' perspective, and calls for further discussion and/or collaborative work from the field of HL education. This is a survey study that aimed to address seven aspects regarding HL and learning from the learners' perspectives. These included issues of HL learner identity and the benefits and challenges of studying their HL in an academic environment. The qualitative responses were collected through an online anonymous survey of heritage students (N = 22), who took a heritage track intermediate language course at a private university in the United States during the academic years 2014–2016. Findings from the data collected accounted for whom and where the learners are in terms of their HL identity and motivation in learning. This allows Korean language educators to gain insight into HL learners' perceptions and learn which language-learning strategies students find most useful. By the same token, the students' learning goals and self-identified strengths and weaknesses should be reflected in all respects in developing an appropriate HL curriculum and learning materials.
Una perspectiva comparada sobre el concepto de marca, el régimen de los signos distintivos notorios y las prohibiciones de registro en las normativas española y nicaragüense
Authors: Barrero Rodríguez Enrique
Published: February 2017

La importancia de las marcas como modalidades de propiedad industrial resulta incuestionable para el moderno Derecho mercantil. En España y Nicaragua el régimen jurídico de los signos distintivos se contiene respectivamente en las Leyes 17/2001, de Marcas y 380, de Marcas y Otros Signos Distintivos. Ambas leyes asientan su regulación sobre rasgos comunes y sobre la exigencia de fuerza distintiva de la marca, aunque con diversidad de matices que obedecen a la distinta influencia de la tradición jurídica sobre la que se asientan. En el presente estudio se realiza una aproximación comparativa de algunos de los aspectos de dichas regulaciones, fundamentalmente el concepto de marca, y el régimen legal de las marcas notorias y de las prohibiciones de registro.
Objective Bayesian Snalysis for the Complementary Exponential Geometric Model Applied to Cancer Data
Authors: Granzotto Daniele Cristina Tita , Tomazella Vera Lucia Damasceno , Louzada Francisco
Published: February 2017

In this paper we provide a reference  Bayesian framework to a new two-parameter lifetime distribution with increasing failure rate, the complementary exponential geometric (CEG). To this end, we presented some of the main properties of this model and its characteristics related to the reliability analysis. A simulation study is performed to analyse the frequentist properties of credible intervals from the reference posterior distribution among of the standard error and mean square error (MSE) of estimations. The presented methodology is illustrated by the use of a real data set which presents the study of time until the cure of cervix lesions, that are precursors cancer lesions in the cervix. According to to INCA (Cancer National Institute), cervical cancer stands as the fourth cause of death among women in Brazil. Together with breast cancer, it is one of the most common malignancy affecting women worldwide.  For this reason, patients must be carefully evaluated for metastatic disease. These data were  collected in the Woman Clinic which is sited in Maring\'{a} city (Paran\'{a} State, Brazil).
Neurogenic heterotopic ossifi cation – case study
Authors: Rolka Łukasz , Browiński Daniel , Kwiatek-Rolka Karolina , Sielska Małgorzata , Sielski Grzegorz , M. Nyka Walenty
Published: February 2017

The authors presented the case of a 30-year-old man in whom sudden cardiac arrest occurred as a result of high voltage electric shock. Starting from the 2nd week after the accident, rehabilitation was carried out in hospital conditions, designed to maintain range of motion in the joints, and from the 6th week, intensive rehabilitation was performed at the patient’s home. Despite the implemented treatment, total mobility restriction was observed in the hip joints, and based on spatial projection radiography and a CT, the patient was diagnosed with massive neurogenic heterotopic ossifi cation (NHO). Two surgeries were performed to remove the NHO: fi rst, from the left area (15th month after the accident), and then the right hip joint (18th month following the accident). After the intervention there was a signifi cant increase in mobility of both hips and a decrease in pain, which resulted in signifi cantly improved functional capabilities of the patient. In addition, prophylaxis to prevent the recurrence of NHO was implemented in order to maintain both passive and active range of motion, and the use of physical therapy treatments in the form of deep oscillation were performed. The results of the CT conducted in the 41st month following the accident revealed lesser NHO than the originally diagnosed.

Rolka Ł., Browiński D., Kwiatek-Rolka K., Sielska M., Sielski G., Nyka W.M. Neurogenic heterotopic ossification – case study. Med Rehabil 2016; 20(4): 22-27. DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0009.5482
Fragmentación urbana y asociaciones vecinales en San Carlos De Bariloche, Patagonia - Argentina (1983-2015)
Authors: Matossian Brenda
Published: February 2017

Las ciudades bajo desarrollo capitalista experimentaron a lo largo de las últimas décadas profundos procesos de fragmentación urbana. Aquellas con función turística agudizaron este panorama dado el aumento del valor del suelo urbano. Tal es el caso de San Carlos de Bariloche, en la Patagonia andina argentina. Su alta compartimentación, sumada a la gran dispersión espacial de su ejido municipal y topografía accidentada, limitaron la funcionalidad y cohesión interna.
Se propone avanzar en la comprensión de dichas fracturas urbanas a partir del estudio de las asociaciones vecinales. Se trabaja desde la escala del barrio entendido como condensador de problemáticas globales, nacionales y locales y a partir de la figura de la Junta Vecinal en tanto unidad primaria de participación y principal articuladora en las relaciones entre vecinos, barrios y gobierno local. La hipótesis propone que la gestión, las relaciones y funciones asumidas desde las Juntas Vecinales, íntimamente vinculadas la condición de clase de sus vecinos, permite una mejor interacción a escala intraurbana y promueve situaciones más inclusivas en los sectores populares. Se da cuenta también del rol de las Juntas Vecinales en la construcción de imaginarios urbanos que inciden en un acercamiento-alejamiento de las distancias sociales intraurbanas.
Espacios salineros de interior: Las salinas de Sangonera la Seca y Librilla en la Región de Murcia (Sureste de la Península Ibérica)
Authors: Albaladejo-García José Antonio , Gómez-Espín José María
Published: February 2017

En el interior de la Región de Murcia, aprovechando las condiciones hidrogeológicas de ciertos lugares (afloramientos del Trias o del Messiniense), en los que coincide material salino y una pequeña corriente de agua que lo atraviesa, se genera un medio de salmuera que tras su ordenación (salinas) permite las cosechas de sal. Su actividad y producciones han tenido importancia socioeconómica a nivel comarcal, y regional. En la segunda mitad del siglo XX, (mejoras de los transportes y mayor competencia de las salinas litorales) se produce el abandono de explotaciones salineras de interior como las de Sangonera la Seca (Murcia) y las de Librilla. De ellas apenas se conservan algunas infraestructuras del patrimonio material, como balsas o cocederos, y estanques o eras; que tras su rehabilitación serán testimonio de la transformación de espacios naturales en lugares culturales, con paisajes de interés educativo, ambiental, recreativo, turístico, etc.
Aplicación del método Territorii en dos asentamientos espontáneos de Puerto Madryn, Argentina
Authors: Ferrari María Paula , Bozzano Horacio
Published: February 2017

El trabajo aborda una problemática socio-territorial en dos asentamientos no planificados de la ciudad de Puerto Madryn: La Lomita y Alta Tensión, caracterizados por la presencia de condiciones de vulnerabilidad social, económica, jurídica, territorial y ambiental significativas. El objetivo del trabajo es aplicar el Método Territorii y sus ocho fases –territorios reales, vividos, pasados, legales, pensados, posibles, concertados e inteligentes- en dichos asentamientos, a fin de acompañar a las comunidades en la construcción de territorios más sustentables. Asimismo, se pretende identificar en los actores partícipes del proceso en qué medida están presentes las cuatro modalidades de transformación propuestas en la INTI Network: subjetiva, social, ambiental y desicional, así como también las “cuatro patas de la mesa” de la inteligencia territorial latinoamericana: actores públicos, comunitarios, empresarios y científicos.

 
The Dogmas of the Technical Translation - Are They Still Valid?
Authors: Zethsen Karen Korning
Published: February 2017

Technical texts are generally considered to be informative, objective and devoid of expressive features. In this paper I shall argue in favour of the more recent assertion that technical texts are not only concerned with the transfer of facts, but - like texts in general - serve various communicative purposes. The aim of my work is to increase the awareness of the translation scholar and the professional translator of the fact that literary texts do not hold a monopoly on expressivity and creativity and that also within the framework of technical translation the expressive function must be expected, noticed and translated. I shall furthermore argue that “technical texts” do NOT constitute a genre - on the contrary a great variety of genres make use of technical language.
Interactivity - Hypertextuality - Transversality. A media-philosophical analysis of the Internet
Authors: Sandbothe Mike
Published: February 2017

My considerations are organized into three parts. In the first part I expand upon the influence of the Internet on our experience of space and time as well as our concept of personal identity. This takes place, on the one hand, in the example of text-based Internet services (IRC, MUDs, MOOs), and through the World Wide Web’s (WWW) graphical user-interface on the other. Interactivity, the constitution characteristic for the Internet, stands at the centre of this. In the second part I will show how the World Wide Web in particular sets in motion those semiotic demarcations customary until now. To this end I recapitulate, first of all, the way in which image, language and writing have been set in rela-tion to one another in the philosophical tradition. The multimedia hypertext-uality which characterizes the World Wide Web is then revealed against this background. In the third, and final, part I interpret the World Wide Web’s hypertextual structure as a mediative form of realization of a contemporary type of reason. This takes place on the basis of the philosophical concept of tranversality developed by the German philosopher Wolfgang Welsch.
La contribution des blogues juridiques à la connaissance, à la critique et aux transformations du droit
Authors: Guilhermont Édith
Published: February 2017

Le blogging juridique est un phénomène tout juste émergent au Québec comparativement à d’autres systèmes juridiques où il est pratiqué de longue date. La blogosphère juridique québécoise compte aujourd’hui une cinquantaine de blogues actifs. Ceux-ci demeurent encore largement méconnus de la communauté juridique, qui ne leur accorde généralement pas de valeur. Ils sont pourtant des outils efficaces de diffusion de la doctrine juridique et de commentaires de jurisprudence, que les juges québécois hésitent d’ailleurs beaucoup moins à utiliser.

Cet article tente de montrer, en s’appuyant notamment sur des exemples étrangers et québécois, dans quelle mesure les blogues juridiques peuvent contribuer, de manière originale, non seulement à la diffusion du savoir juridique, mais aussi à la critique et aux transformations du droit. Pour ce faire, le présent texte propose avant tout de dresser un portrait en instantané de la blogosphère juridique québécoise. Il se poursuit par une discussion au sujet de la nature et de la valeur de la contribution des blogues, et finit par s’interroger sur l’influence, réelle ou potentielle, des blogues juridiques sur les acteurs du droit.
Interjurisdictional Information Sharing and National Security: A Constitutional and Legislative Analysis
Authors: Shore Jacques J.M. , Crane Brian A. , Wilson John J.
Published: February 2017

This article analyzes whether there are constitutional arguments that help or hinder the flow of information between the different levels of government in Canada. The duty to share information is acutely important to the protection of Canadian citizens and the maintenance of public order, responsibilities that often overlap the federal and provincial competencies. This article concludes that the Canadian constitution and its unwritten principles, such as co-operative federalism, demonstrate support for interjurisdictional information sharing. The true weakness in information sharing can largely be found in institutional and cultural impediments. It is critical for federal and provincial government agencies to work past these impediments to share information, thus fulfilling their obligations to protect the public and maintain order.
Mycotoxins Co-contamination in Corn Grains
Authors: Čolović-Šarić Zora , Šarić Milenko
Published: February 2017

In this paper, we present the results of a research on 36 samples of maize. Mycotoxicological analyses showed that the most present mycotoxins were of the Fusarium mycotoxins group. During 2011, the maize samples were tested for the presence and content of total aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFM1, AFM2), deoxynivalenol (DON), zearalenone (ZON) and fumonisins (FUM). According to the results that we obtained through the research period i.e. vegetation year 2011, mycotoxicological profile for most maize samples was DON ‒ FUM ‒ ZON. DON mycotoxin was predominantly present in 2011. Precautionary measures are required especially with lower concentrations of mycotoxins when several mycotoxins are present simultaneously because this situation, according to conventional analytical methods, could be declared as quality safe or toxicologically negative finding.
Stages of Development of Agricultural Extension Service in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Authors: Rokvić Gordana , Vaško Željko
Published: February 2017

The paper elaborates on the evolution of agricultural extension service development in Bosnia and Hercegovina in the period before and after the 90-ties. In order to make a review of agricultural extension in characteristic periods, historical method of data analysis sourced secondary in combination with analysis and synthesis method. The review was conducted according to a standardized template to nine criteria stating both their advantages and disadvantages. Review of the current state of agricultural extension services by entities has been based on analysis of data from primary and secondary sources and personal observations by author. Results of the research show that the Agricultural Extension Service in Bosnia and Herzegovina has gone through three stages and three different models of extension service development: Technology Transfer Model, The Farm Management Model and The Rural Extension Model. Taking into consideration the problems and weaknesses that were identified some recommendations were made to improve the Bosnia and Herzegovina Agricultural Extension Service performance.
Odnos dužine glave i dužine karlice u zavisnosti od visine grebena kod ženki magarca
Authors: M. Urošević Milivoje , Nemeček Margot , Drobnjak Darko , B. Urošević Milan , Matarugić Dragutin , Stojić Petar
Published: February 2017

Domaći magarac (Equus asinus) potiče iz Afrike. Opšte je poznata velika radna izdržljivost magarca. Praktično ne postoje geografski predeli gde ova domaća životinja ne obavlja najrazličite oblike rada, pre svega transporta. U ovom istraživanju izvršeno je morfometrijsko ispitivanje 3 eksterijerna parametara kod 19 ženki magarca. Izvršena su merenja sledećih eksterijernih parametara: visina u grebenu, dužina glave i dužina karlice. Jedinke su merene u tri različite države: Rumunija (Sibiu, Turda), Makedonija (Ohrid, Prilep) i Turska (Eskišehir). Prikazane su srednje vrednosti merenih parametara i indeksa, a izračunata je i statistička značajnost razlike merenih parametra između jedinki podeljenih u tri grupe. Prosečna vrednost visine magarica bila je u Rumuniji 101,20 cm, u Makedoniji 99,70 cm, a u Turskoj 103,10 cm. Dužina glave magarica u Rumuniji prosečno je iznosila 49,10 cm u Makedoniji 50,40 cm, a u Turskoj 50,00 cm. Kada se posmatra dužina karlice najveća je bila kod magarica u Turskoj 35,80 cm, zatim u Rumuniji 35,60 cm, a najmanja u Makedoniji 34,60 cm. Između navedenih grupa nije utvrđena statistička značajanost razlika niti za jedan parametar.
MATERIAL AND ENERGY FLOW MANAGEMENT- LIFELONG LEARNING COURSES EXPERIENCES
Authors: Zavargo Zoltan , Jokić Aleksandar , Pavličević Jelena , Ikonić Bojana , Bera Oskar
Published: February 2017

Material and energy flow management is among the most important factors for the economicgrowth of a society in harmony with nature and it will play the main role only in the area ofsustainable development. The three lifelong learning courses were developed in order to introducethis concept to the industry professionals and administration at the city and regional level. Themain goal was to heighten awareness of participants to this topic, as in Serbia it is relatively newapproach in corporate and administrative management. The results of the courses confirmed theinterest in this kind of lifelong learning courses with suggestion to join it in a single course withemphasise on the specific participant’s problems.
SHORT OVERVIEW OF ENCAPSULATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR DELIVERY OF BIOACTIVES TO FOOD
Authors: Trifkovic K. , Tadić G. , Bugarski B.
Published: February 2017

Encapsulation strategy has emerged as a mean to protect sensitive bioactive compounds, toimprove their stability and to deliver their active forms to the targeted place. A number ofbioactives can be encapsulated – cells, enzymes, vitamins, minerals, aromas and flavours, foodcolourants, antioxidants, etc. Over the years various encapsulation technologies were employedin encapsulation of bioactive compounds intended to the application in food industry. Thispaper gives a short overview of commonly used technologies for the encapsulation of foodbioactives.
ADSORPCIJA METILENSKOG PLAVOG NA AKTIVNOM UGLJENIKU DOBIJENOM OD PLODA PLATANA
Authors: Dodevski Vladimir , Kaluđerović Branka , Krstić Sanja , Čokeša Đuro , Brković Danijela
Published: February 2017

Plod platana je korišćen za dobijanje praškastog aktivnog uglja. Kao aktivirajuće sredstvo upripremi je upotrebljena koncentrovana fosforna kiselina. Izvršena je ravnotežna adsorpcijakatjonske boje metilen plavo na sintetizovanom materijalu. Dobijeni rezultati su fitovani sa triravnotežna adsorpciona modela. Eksperimentalni rezultati su analizirani od strane Langmuirizoterme, Freundlich izoterme i Temkin izoterme. Najbolje slaganje eksperimentalnih rezultata sateorijskim modelima je dobijeno u slučaju Langmuir-ovog ravnotežnog modela. Prema Langmuirovommodelu, postignut je najbolji adsorpcioni kapacitet boje na adsorbentu koji iznosi 354,60 mgg-1 kada je aktivan ugalj tretiran sa NaOH.
KVALITET OTPADNIH VODA I ZAGAĐENOG VAZDUHA GALVANSKO-HEMIJSKIH PROCESA
Authors: Arsenović Božidarka , Ivanović Boško
Published: February 2017

Proces galvansko-hemijske zaštite, prema kvalitativno-kvantitativnim karakteristikama, predstavljajedan od najkompleksnijih zagađivača otpadnih voda. Takođe, sa površina industrijskih rastvora,kao i štićenih dijelova u fazama zaštite, dolazi do značajnih isparenja, čime se zagađuje i okolnivazduh, koji se prije ispuštanja u okolinu, mora prečistiti. Po karakteru nastanka, otpadne vodesadrže: slobodne kiseline i baze; specifične kontaminante: cijanide, hromate i nitrate i otopljeneteške metale: Fe, Cd, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag i dr. Zagađeni vazduh je opterećen, kako miješanim paramakiselina i baza, tako i specifičnim hromnim i cijanidnim parama. U radu su prikazani, kakopostupci, tako i mehanizmi procesa tretmana otpadnih voda i zagađenog vazduha nastalih uprocesu galvansko-hemijske zaštite u kolektivu „Orao“ a.d. Bijeljina.Dobijeni rezultati ispitivanja su upoređeni sa propisanim vrijednostima zakonske regulative uRepublici Srpskoj u oblasti otpadnih voda i emisije zagađujućih materija u vazduh.
Atmospheric dayglow diagnostics involving the O2(b‐X) Atmospheric band emission: Global Oxygen and Temperature (GOAT) mapping
Authors: Slanger T. G. , Pejaković D. A. , Kostko O. , Matsiev D. , Kalogerakis K. S.
Published: February 2017

The terrestrial dayglow displays prominent emission features from the 0‐0 and 1‐1 bands of the O2 Atmospheric band system in the 760–780 nm region. We present an analysis of observations in this wavelength region recorded by the Space Shuttle during the Arizona Airglow Experiment. A major conclusion is that the dominant product of O(1D) + O2 energy transfer is O2(b, v = 1), a result that corroborates our previous laboratory studies. Moreover, critical to the interpretation of dayglow is the possible interference by N2 and N2+ bands in the 760–780 nm region, where the single‐most important component is the N2 1PG 3–1 band that overlaps with the O2(b‐X) 0‐0 band. When present, this background must be accounted for to reveal the O2(b‐X) 0‐0 and 1‐1 bands for altitudes at which the O2 and N2/N2+ emissions coincide. Finally, we exploit the very different collisional behavior of the two lowest O2(b) vibrational levels to outline a remote sensing technique that provides information on Atmospheric composition and temperature from space‐based observations of the 0‐0 and 1‐1 O2 atmospheric bands.
Identifying potentially induced seismicity and assessing statistical significance in Oklahoma and California
Authors: McClure Mark , Gibson Riley , Chiu Kit‐Kwan , Ranganath Rajesh
Published: February 2017

We develop a statistical method for identifying induced seismicity from large data sets and apply the method to decades of wastewater disposal and seismicity data in California and Oklahoma. The study regions are divided into grid blocks. We use a longitudinal study design, seeking associations between seismicity and wastewater injection volume along time series within each grid block. In each grid block, we find the maximum likelihood estimate for a model parameter that relates induced seismicity hazard to total volume of wastewater injected each year. To assess significance, we compute likelihood ratio test statistics in each grid block and each state, California and Oklahoma. Resampling with permutation and random temporal offset of injection data is used to estimatepvalues from the likelihood ratio statistics. We focus on assessing whether observed associations between injection and seismicity occur more often than would be expected by chance; we do not attempt to quantify the overall incidence of induced seismicity. The study is designed so that, under reasonable assumptions, the associations can be formally interpreted as demonstrating causality. Wastewater disposal is associated with other activities that can induce seismicity, such as reservoir depletion. Therefore, our results should be interpreted as finding seismicity induced by wastewater disposal and all other associated activities. In Oklahoma, the analysis finds with extremely high confidence that seismicity associated with wastewater disposal has occurred. In California, the analysis finds moderate evidence that seismicity associated with wastewater disposal has occurred, but the result is not strong enough to be conclusive.
Low‐mode internal tides and balanced dynamics disentanglement in altimetric observations: Synergy with surface density observations
Authors: Ponte Aurélien L. , Klein Patrice , Dunphy Michael , Le Gentil Sylvie
Published: February 2017

The performance of a tentative method that disentangles the contributions of a low‐mode internal tide on sea level from that of the balanced mesoscale eddies is examined using an idealized high resolution numerical simulation. This disentanglement is essential for proper estimation from sea level of the ocean circulation related to balanced motions. The method relies on an independent observation of the sea surface water density whose variations are 1/dominated by the balanced dynamics and 2/correlate with variations of potential vorticity at depth for the chosen regime of surface‐intensified turbulence. The surface density therefore leads via potential vorticity inversion to an estimate of the balanced contribution to sea level fluctuations. The difference between instantaneous sea level (presumably observed with altimetry) and the balanced estimate compares moderately well with the contribution from the low‐mode tide. Application to realistic configurations remains to be tested. These results aim at motivating further developments of reconstruction methods of the ocean dynamics based on potential vorticity dynamics arguments. In that context, they are particularly relevant for the upcoming wide‐swath high resolution altimetric missions (SWOT).
Impact of mesoscale eddies on Kuroshio intrusion variability northeast of Taiwan
Authors: Yin Yuqi , Lin Xiaopei , He Ruoying , Hou Yijun
Published: February 2017

Abundant mesoscale eddies propagate to the east of Taiwan and affect the Kuroshio Current and its onshore intrusion northeast of Taiwan. But the dynamical process of how eddy activities modulate the Kuroshio intrusion is still unclear. In this study, in situ ocean velocity observations, drifter trajectories, tide gauge measurements, satellite sea surface height data, and assimilative Hybrid Coordinate Ocean Model (HYCOM) reanalysis outputs were used to analyze a cyclonic eddy‐induced large Kuroshio onshore intrusion during late autumn 2008. Along with nine anticyclonic eddy events and seven cyclonic eddy events extracted from long‐term HYCOM reanalysis outputs, the variability of the eddy‐induced intrusion was quantified. The impacts of the cyclonic eddy and the anticyclonic eddy were opposite. Under the impact of cyclonic (anticyclonic) eddy, the total onshore intrusion between 122°E and 124°E across the 200 m isobaths was decreased (increased) by 15.7% (7.3%), while the onshore intrusion west of 122.6°E and the northeastward current on the outer shelf were increased (decreased) by 30.6% (4.7%) and 31% (10.1%), respectively. The arrival of cyclonic (anticyclonic) eddy brought positive (negative) potential vorticity (PV) flux and modulated the local ocean vertical stratification, which weakened (enhanced) the cross‐slope PV gradient and the shelf slope constraint on the upper layer current and, therefore, favored (inhibited) the Kuroshio onshore intrusion.
Identification of Clusters of Foot Pain Location in a Community Sample
Authors: Gill Tiffany K. , Menz Hylton B. , Landorf Karl B. , Arnold John B. , Taylor Anne W. , Hill Catherine L.
Published: February 2017

Objective

To identify foot pain clusters according to pain location in a community‐based sample of the general population.

Methods

This study analyzed data from the North West Adelaide Health Study. Data were obtained between 2004 and 2006, using computer‐assisted telephone interviewing, clinical assessment, and self‐completed questionnaire. The location of foot pain was assessed using a diagram during the clinical assessment. Hierarchical cluster analysis was undertaken to identify foot pain location clusters, which were then compared in relation to demographics, comorbidities, and podiatry services utilization.

Results

There were 558 participants with foot pain (mean age 54.4 years, 57.5% female). Five clusters were identified: 1 with predominantly arch and ball pain (26.8%), 1 with rearfoot pain (20.9%), 1 with heel pain (13.3%), and 2 with predominantly forefoot, toe, and nail pain (28.3% and 10.7%). Each cluster was distinct in age, sex, and comorbidity profile. Of the two clusters with predominantly forefoot, toe, and nail pain, one of them had a higher proportion of men and those classified as obese, had diabetes mellitus, and used podiatry services (30%), while the other was comprised of a higher proportion of women who were overweight and reported less use of podiatry services (17.5%).

Conclusion

Five clusters of foot pain according to pain location were identified, all with distinct age, sex, and comorbidity profiles. These findings may assist in the identification of individuals at risk for developing foot pain and in the development of targeted preventive strategies and treatments.
Homogeneous/Inhomogeneous‐Structured Dielectrics and their Energy‐Storage Performances
Authors: Yao Zhonghua , Song Zhe , Hao Hua , Yu Zhiyong , Cao Minghe , Zhang Shujun , Lanagan Michael T. , Liu Hanxing
Published: February 2017

The demand for dielectric capacitors with higher energy‐storage capability is increasing for power electronic devices due to the rapid development of electronic industry. Existing dielectrics for high‐energy‐storage capacitors and potential new capacitor technologies are reviewed toward realizing these goals. Various dielectric materials with desirable permittivity and dielectric breakdown strength potentially meeting the device requirements are discussed. However, some significant limitations for current dielectrics can be ascribed to their low permittivity, low breakdown strength, and high hysteresis loss, which will decrease their energy density and efficiency. Thus, the implementation of dielectric materials for high‐energy‐density applications requires the comprehensive understanding of both the materials design and processing. The optimization of high‐energy‐storage dielectrics will have far‐reaching impacts on the sustainable energy and will be an important research topic in the near future.
Single Crystal Flexible Electronics Enabled by 3D Spalling
Authors: Li Ning , Bedell Stephen , Hu Huan , Han Shu‐Jen , Liu Xiao Hu , Saenger Katherine , Sadana Devendra
Published: February 2017

Flexible and stretchable electronics are becoming increasingly important in many emerging applications. Due to the outstanding electrical properties of single crystal semiconductors, there is great interest in releasing single crystal thin films and fabricating flexible electronics with these conventionally rigid materials. In this study the authors report a universal single crystal layer release process, called “3D spalling,” extending beyond prior art. In contrast to the conventional way of removing blanket layers from their substrates, the new process reported here enables 3D control over the shape and thickness of the removed regions, allowing direct formation of arbitrarily shaped structures of released film and locally specified thickness for each region. As an exemplary demonstration, silicon flexible tactile sensors are fabricated with sensitivities comparable to those of high performance sensors on rigid substrates. Finite element modeling indicates that the size and thickness of the selectively released features can be tuned over a wide range.
A Singlet Oxygen Generating Agent by Chirality‐dependent Plasmonic Shell‐Satellite Nanoassembly
Authors: Gao Fengli , Sun Maozhong , Ma Wei , Wu Xiaoling , Liu Liqiang , Kuang Hua , Xu Chuanlai
Published: February 2017

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) agent, which generates singlet oxygen (1O2) under light, has attracted significant attention for its broad biological and medical applications. Here, DNA‐driven shell–satellite (SS) gold assemblies as chiral photosensitizers are first fabricated. The chiral plasmonic nanostructure, coupling with cysteine enantiomers on its surface, exhibits intense chiroplasmonic activities (−40.2 ± 2.6 mdeg) in the visible region. These chiral SS nanoassemblies have high reactive oxygen species generating efficiency under circular polarized light illumination, resulting in a 1O2 quantum yield of 1.09. Meanwhile, it is found that SS could be utilized as PDT agent with remarkable efficiency under right circular polarized light irradiation in vitro and in vivo, allowing X‐ray computed tomography (CT) and photoacoustics (PA) imaging for tumors simultaneously. The achievements reveal that the enantiomer‐dependent and structure‐induced nanoassemblies play an important role in PDT effects. The present researches open up a new avenue for cancer diagnose and therapy using chiral nanostructures as multifunctional platform.
Three‐Component Regioselective Synthesis of Tetrahydrofuro[2,3‐d]oxazoles and Their Efficient Conversion to Oxazoles
Authors: Ohura Arisa , Itoh Toshimasa , Ishida Hiroaki , Saito Akio , Yamamoto Keiko
Published: February 2017

Iodosylbenzene with triflimide (Tf2NH) efficiently promotes a three‐component regioselective synthesis of tetrahydrofuro[2,3‐d]oxazoles from homopropargyl alcohols, benzonitrile, and O atoms via oxidative [2+2+1] annulations induced by iodocyclization of the homopropargyl alcohols. In addition, the resulting bicyclic compounds can be converted into 2,4,5‐trisubstituted oxazoles bearing hydroxy groups quantitatively; these oxazole derivatives are cores of PPAR agonist analogues.
Unexpected complications immediately after cranioplasty
Authors: Kato Akihito , Morishima Hiroyuki , Nagashima Goro
Published: February 2017

Case

An 84‐year‐old man with subarachnoid hemorrhage underwent craniotomy and clipping with external decompression. Perfusion magnetic resonance imaging showed subclinical sinking skin flap syndrome, and he underwent cranioplasty on postoperative day 58. No problems occurred during the operation, but cerebral edema and hemorrhage were recognized on immediate postoperative computed tomography. Edema continued to progress, but edema and bleeding eventually improved without additional surgery.

Outcome

Neurological symptoms improved to presurgical baseline and stabilized.

Conclusion

Causes of cerebral edema and hemorrhage immediately after cranioplasty include reperfusion, reduction of automatic adjustment function, sinking skin flap syndrome, negative pressure due to s.c. drain, venous stasis, vascular damage following restoration of midline shift, and allergic reaction. Although cranioplasty itself is a relatively minor surgery, the fatality rate for this complication is high. Most complications are due to infection, convulsions, or epidural hematoma, but brain edema and hemorrhage also occur. It is necessary to elucidate the etiology before corrective surgery.
The mechanical and fatigue properties of flowable crosslink thermoplastic polymer blends based on self‐catalysis of transesterification
Authors: Hu Xilong , Wang Yan , Yu Junrong , Zhu Jing , Hu Zuming
Published: February 2017

A flowable crosslink polymer blend was successfully developed through a reactive compounding process. An epoxy captained ethylene acrylate copolymer and a carboxylic acid and zinc ion contained ethylene acrylic copolymer were employed to react in a twin screw extruder to form a partially crosslink polymer blend which was flowable at high temperature due to the rapid transesterification catalyzed by the zinc ion in the polymer. The developed crosslink polymer blend showed a significant improvement of the mechanical strength, thermal stability, and fatigue performance compared to the neat ethylene acrylic copolymer because of the strong chemical crosslink among polymer chains. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.2017,134, 44964.
Effect of Ca/Ti Ratio on the Core–Shell Structured CaTiO3@basalt Fiber for Effective Photoreduction of Carbon Dioxide
Authors: Im Younghwan , Park Sun‐Min , Kang Misook
Published: February 2017

CaTiO3@basalt fiber (BF) materials, consisting of CaTiO3 with various Ca/Ti ratios coated onto BF by a facile dipping method with binder, are introduced in this report. CaTiO3 powder was synthesized by hydrothermal method. The as‐prepared CaTiO3@BF materials were characterized by X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, UV–vis spectroscopy, photocurrent spectroscopy, and CO2‐temperature programed desorption. CaTiO3(1.5:1)@BF, made using a precursor ratio of CaCl2/Titanium tetraisopropoxide = 1.5, had superior CO2 adsorption and also the best CO2 reduction performance (CH4 ≈ 17.8 µmol/gcat and CO ≈ 73.1 µmol/gcat).
Structural and functional hyperconnectivity within the sensorimotor system in xenomelia
Authors: Hänggi Jürgen , Vitacco Deborah A. , Hilti Leonie M. , Luechinger Roger , Kraemer Bernd , Brugger Peter
Published: February 2017

Introduction

Xenomelia is a rare condition characterized by the persistent and compulsive desire for the amputation of one or more physically healthy limbs. We highlight the neurological underpinnings of xenomelia by assessing structural and functional connectivity by means of whole‐brain connectome and network analyses of regions previously implicated in empirical research in this condition.

Methods

We compared structural and functional connectivity between 13 xenomelic men with matched controls using diffusion tensor imaging combined with fiber tractography and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging. Altered connectivity in xenomelia within the sensorimotor system has been predicted.

Results

We found subnetworks showing structural and functional hyperconnectivity in xenomelia compared with controls. These subnetworks were lateralized to the right hemisphere and mainly comprised by nodes belonging to the sensorimotor system. In the connectome analyses, the paracentral lobule, supplementary motor area, postcentral gyrus, basal ganglia, and the cerebellum were hyperconnected to each other, whereas in the xenomelia‐specific network analyses, hyperconnected nodes have been found in the superior parietal lobule, primary and secondary somatosensory cortex, premotor cortex, basal ganglia, thalamus, and insula.

Conclusions

Our study provides empirical evidence of structural and functional hyperconnectivity within the sensorimotor system including those regions that are core for the reconstruction of a coherent body image. Aberrant connectivity is a common response to focal neurological damage. As exemplified here, it may affect different brain regions differentially. Due to the small sample size, our findings must be interpreted cautiously and future studies are needed to elucidate potential associations between hyperconnectivity and limb disownership reported in xenomelia.
Conversion disorder: Helping families understand the mind‐body connection
Authors: Laptook Rebecca
Published: February 2017

Mark is a 16‐year‐old boy with a history of some depressive symptoms and social difficulties at school who began having episodes that looked like seizures. He would fall down, and his arms and legs would start jerking. He was semialert during these episodes and had no memory of them afterward, seeming disoriented at times.
Keep your eye on …
Authors: Knopf Alison
Published: February 2017

The use of mental health services after mild TBI

Managing methylphenidate dosing to avoid side effects and maximize benefits

Lack of evidence for support groups for suicide‐bereaved children
Three cases of nonmetastatic prostate cancer treated successfully with primary intermittent androgen deprivation therapy over 10 years
Authors: Shida Yohei , Hakariya Tomoaki , Miyata Yasuyoshi , Sakai Hideki
Published: February 2017

Key Clinical Message

We report three cases of nonmetastatic prostate cancer treated effectively with long‐term primary intermittent androgen deprivation (IAD). IAD is not a standard therapy for patients with nonmetastatic prostate cancer. However, based on our experience, we suggest that IAD is one of useful therapeutic tools under certain patients’ condition.
Spontaneous pneumomediastinum after bench press training
Authors: Nishino Tomoya
Published: February 2017

Key Clinical Message

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is often associated with asthma and mainly affects adolescent males with a tall, thin body habitus. A 17‐year‐old man complained of chest and pharyngeal pain after bench press training and spontaneous pneumomediastinum was diagnosed. It should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chest pain of uncertain cause.
Rearrangement of a Transient Gold Vinylidene into Gold Carbenes
Authors: Debrouwer Wouter , Fürstner Alois
Published: February 2017

The gold acetylide complex 20 endowed with a biaryl backbone provides opportunities for a study on the formation and fate of gold vinylidenes. Although the formyl group in 20 is not sufficiently electrophilic to get attacked by the acetylide in proximity, its activation with TBSOTf (TBSOTf=tert‐butyldimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate) at low temperature triggered instantaneous formation of a gold vinylidene (21). This metastable species evolved into the cationic gold carbene complex 22 bearing a phenanthrene unit and a hydroxyl group at the aurated center; the recorded data suggest that this product might be better viewed as an acylgold species protonated by triflic acid. The use of [Me3O⋅BF4] as the activating agent led to formation of the analogous Fischer‐type carbene 24, whereas replacement of gold by the [CpRu(PPh3)2]+ fragment allowed the ruthenium vinylidene 27 to be isolated, which closely resembles the proposed gold intermediate 21. The starting gold complex 20, the derived products 22 and 24, as well as vinylidene 27 were characterized by X‐ray diffraction.
Interventions to reduce the stigma of eating disorders: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Doley Joanna R. , Hart Laura M. , Stukas Arthur A. , Petrovic Katja , Bouguettaya Ayoub , Paxton Susan J.
Published: February 2017

Stigma is a problem for individuals with eating disorders (EDs), forming a barrier to disclosure and help‐seeking. Interventions to reduce ED stigma may help remove these barriers; however, it is not known which strategies (e.g., explaining etiology to reduce blame, contact with a person with an ED, or educating about ED) are effective in reducing stigma and related outcomes. This review described effectiveness of intervention strategies, and identified gaps in the literature. A search of four databases was performed using the terms (eating disorder* OR bulimi* OR anorexi* OR binge‐eating disorder) AND (stigma* OR stereotyp* OR beliefs OR negative attitudes) AND (program OR experiment OR intervention OR education), with additional texts sought through LISTSERVs. Two raters screened papers, extracted data, and assessed quality. Stigma reduction strategies and study characteristics were examined in critical narrative synthesis. Exploratory meta‐analysis compared the effects of biological and sociocultural explanations of EDs on attitudinal stigma. Eighteen papers were eligible for narrative synthesis, with four also eligible for inclusion in a meta‐analysis. Biological explanations reduced stigma relative to other explanations, including sociocultural explanations in meta‐analysis (g = .47, p < .001). Combined education and contact interventions improved stigma relative to control groups or over time. Most studies examined Anorexia Nervosa (AN) stigma and had mostly female, undergraduate participants. Despite apparent effectiveness, research should verify that biological explanations do not cause unintentional harm. Future research should evaluate in vivo contact, directly compare education and contact strategies, and aim to generalize findings across community populations.
Diet analysis in piscivorous birds: What can the addition of molecular tools offer?
Authors: Oehm Johannes , Thalinger Bettina , Eisenkölbl Stephanie , Traugott Michael
Published: February 2017

In trophic studies on piscivorous birds, it is vital to know which kind of dietary sample provides the information of interest and how the prey can be identified reliably and efficiently. Often, noninvasively obtained dietary samples such as regurgitated pellets, feces, and regurgitated fish samples are the preferred source of information. Fish prey has usually been identified via morphological analysis of undigested hard parts, but molecular approaches are being increasingly used for this purpose. What remains unknown, however, is which dietary sample type is best suited for molecular diet analysis and how the molecular results compare to those obtained by morphological analysis. Pellets, feces, and regurgitated fish samples of Great Cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis) were examined for prey using both morphological hard part analysis and molecular prey identification. The sample types and methods were compared regarding number of species detected (overall and per sample) as well as the prey species composition and its variability among individual samples. Via molecular analysis, significantly higher numbers of prey species were detected in pellets, feces, and fish samples. Of the three sample types, pellets contained the most comprehensive trophic information and could be obtained with the lowest sampling effort. Contrastingly, dietary information obtained from feces was least informative and most variable. For all sample types, the molecular approach outperformed morphological hard part identification regarding the detectable prey spectrum and prey species composition. We recommend the use of pellets in combination with molecular prey identification to study the diet of piscivorous birds.
Synthesis of o‐Allyloxy(ethynyl)benzene Derivatives by Cu‐Catalyzed Suzuki–Miyaura‐Type Reaction and Their Transformations into Heterocyclic Compounds
Authors: Watanabe Kohei , Mino Takashi , Ishikawa Eri , Okano Miyu , Ikematsu Tatsuya , Yoshida Yasushi , Sakamoto Masami , Sato Kazuki , Yoshida Kazuhiro
Published: February 2017

We have found that Suzuki–Miyaura‐type reactions of o‐allyloxy(bromoethynyl)benzenes with arylboronic acids using a hydrazone/Cu catalyst system proceeded smoothly in iPrOH under mild conditions to afford the corresponding o‐allyloxy(arylethynyl)benzene derivatives in good yields without decomposition of the allyloxy group. We have further demonstrated that annulation and enyne metathesis of the o‐allyloxy(arylethynyl)benzene derivatives using transition‐metal catalysts led to various heterocyclic compounds.
Parameter and layout optimization of a high temperature solar combined cycle using low temperature thermal storage
Authors: Gao Wei , Li Hongzhi , Nie Peng , Zhang Yifang , Yang Yu , Wang Yueming , Yao Mingyu
Published: February 2017

A novel high temperature solar supercritical carbon dioxide (S‐CO2) and organic Rankine cycle (ORC) combined power system with low temperature thermal storage is introduced. The heat releasing of the S‐CO2 can be used as the heat source of the ORC. This system could keep high thermal efficiency, whereas thermal storage temperature is far lower than the maximum temperature of the system. Previous work has proved that the system efficiency can be kept at 38% when the thermal storage temperature is in the range of 220∼230°C. Basic relationship among system efficiency, power ratio and thermal storage temperature are analyzed. The key parameters of the system are optimized under certain constraints. Three possible improved layouts of this system are discussed in the end. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 36: 1234–1243, 2017
Sugar with your Coffee? Fundamentals, Financials, and Softs Price Uncertainty
Authors: Covindassamy Genèvre , Robe Michel A. , Wallen Jonathan
Published: February 2017

We investigate empirically the main factors related to coffee and sugar (“softs”) price uncertainty. We link physical market fundamentals as well as financial variables to (i) market expectations of future price volatility and (ii) the extent to which these two commodities both co‐move with equities. The physical market fundamentals that matter include the state of inventories, weather, and disease outbreaks. Beyond these fundamental factors, our results highlight the crucial role of financial market sentiment in understanding cross market linkages and the magnitude of softs market uncertainty. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 37:744–765, 2017