bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Atypical down syndrome features with an atypical chromosomal rearrangement: a case report
Authors: Khalil Hiba , Almannai Mohammed , Albalwi Mohammed , Eyaid Wafaa
Published: October 2024

Background: Down syndrome is one of the most common chromosomal abnormalities occurring in approximately 1 in 700 live births. The majority of cases are attributed to the presence of an additional copy of chromosome 21, resulting in a total chromosome count of 47, as opposed to the typical 46. Distinctive facial characteristics commonly associated with this condition include but are not limited to, upslanting palpebral fissures, epicanthal folds, protruding tongue, and brachycephaly. Other clinical manifestations encompass hypotonia, intellectual disability, and congenital heart defects, among others.
Case Presentation: In this article, we present the case of a premature neonate delivered at 32 weeks of gestation via emergency cesarean section due to absent diastolic flow. The patient's prenatal history was significant for intrauterine growth restriction. Following birth, the patient displayed very subtle dysmorphic features, notably upslanting palpebral fissures, without additional features suggestive of Down syndrome (DS). Chromosomal analysis revealed an isodicentric chromosome 21 (46, XX idic(21)(q22.3). Array comparative genomic hybridization revealed a concurrent duplication of the majority of chromosome 21 [21p11.2q22.3(7761419_41294939)] and a 4.5 Mb deletion of the long arm of chromosome 21, specifically 21q22.3(41295017_46677460).
Conclusion: Our study highlights a unique etiology of Down syndrome that is associated with a milder pheno-type. However, its limitations include the rarity of the case, which restricts the availability of comparative data, and potential influencing factors like prematurity and low birth weight.
Publicaciones
Authors: China-Veracruz Centro de Estudios
Published: October 2024

Catálogo de las publicaciones semestrales del Centro de Estudios China-Veracruz de la Universidad Veracruzana.
Literatura de la Generación del 98 en China: situación y difusión
Authors: Wang Xiaoman , Liao Yue
Published: October 2024

La literatura de la Generación del 98 ocupa un lugar importante en la historia, tanto de la literatura española como de la literatura mundial. Muchas obras de la literatura de la Generación del 98 en China fueron traducidas durante el periodo entre el movimiento del Cuatro de Mayo y la fundación de la República Popular China; sin embargo, estas obras dejaron de ser difundidas y se detuvo la creación de nuevas traducciones. Para comprender este fenómeno, presentaremos la evolución de la literatura de la Generación del 98 en China y Occidente para, luego, tratar de analizar las razones que llevaron a la actual situación paradójica de la difusión de las obras de estos escritores en China y en España. Finalmente, considerando el contexto de la difusión literaria en China, se proponen caminos viables para la difusión de la literatura de la Generación del 98 en dicho país
Reseña de libro: Asia Central: análisis geopolítico de una región clave.
Authors: Castillo Manzano Paola
Published: October 2024

Asia es el continente con mayor densidad de población y los 49 países que lo integran hacen que sea el continente más grande del mundo. La ONU dividió al continente asiático en seis subregiones a partir del desarrollo histórico, sociocultural y geopolítico de sus naciones; este último rasgo es fundamental para comprender los actuales conflictos que atraviesan países como Afganistán, Siria y Myanmar, o bien, para entender los fenómenos migratorios que conforman a Turquía y Pakistán como los principales destinos de los refugiados de esta extensa región.
La “autoconstrucción” y “construcción” de la imagen china en los medios de comunicación españoles, argentinos y panameños
Authors: Yunjie Gong
Published: October 2024

En el marco de la lingüística de corpus, este estudio toma como objeto de investigación los artículos firmados por Xi Jinping, que fueron publicados en España, Argentina y Panamá en la víspera de sus Visitas de Estado, así como las noticias relevantes de los principales periódicos de estos tres países. Mediante las herramientas Wordlist, KeyWords, Concord del programa WordSmith3.0, se analizan las similitudes y diferencias de la imagen china que se construye en los artículos firmados y en las noticias relevantes, con el fin de explorar las actitudes, expectativas y políticas de España, Argentina y Panamá hacia China. Las conclusiones son las siguientes: 1. Resulta casi unánime la imagen china construida por la propia China y por los medios de comunicación de España, Argentina y Panamá: China desempeña un papel de socio cooperativo, abierto y fuerte. 2. La percepción de la imagen china que tiene el mundo hispanohablante está desarrollándose en una dirección cada día más positiva y, los artículos firmados por el líder chino contribuyen a mejorar la imagen nacional y reforzar su poder blando. 3. Tanto España, Argentina como Panamá restringen sus intercambios con China al ámbito económico, careciendo de la cooperación en el plano político.
Historia de la migración China en Ecuador: entre la diáspora y el desarrollo de La Franja y La Ruta
Authors: Guañuna Paola
Published: October 2024

Como estudiosa de la relación entre China y América Latina, es mi interés profundizar el vínculo histórico entre China y mi país de origen Ecuador, dentro de este proceso de investigación he revisado varios trabajos de investigación con diversos puntos de vista de la relación Sino ecuatoriana. El año pasado se publicó el libro “Historia de la Migración China en Ecuador: Entre la Diáspora y el desarrollo de la Franja y la Ruta”, mismo que es uno de los pocos trabajos de investigación que tratan sobre la presencia china en Ecuador, se compone de tres capítulos que abarcan más de doscientos años de historia incluyendo: la diáspora china en Ultramar, Relaciones Ecuador - China, siglo XIX a 2022 y la proyección de la ruta histórica marítima del siglo XXI: perspectivas y oportunidades bilaterales de la Franja y la Ruta.
Hyvä apu työssä – STKS:n tekoälykyselyn satoa
Authors: Lahikainen Johanna , Lauhakari Ari-Pekka , Luokkanen Sinikka , Tiittanen Liisa
Published: October 2024

Tekoälyn kielimalleja hyödyntävät ohjelmat saapuivat rytinällä suuren yleisön tietoisuuteen syksyllä 2022 tuoden mukanaan uutta teknologiaa. Vielä ei ole selvyyttä siitä, mihin suuntaan ja kuinka syvällisesti työ on tekoälyn myötä muuttumassa. STKS:n uuden teknologian työryhmä teki kyselyn tekoälyn käytöstä selvittääkseen, missä kirjastoalalla mennään tekoälyn käytössä. Asiassa on mukana paljon hypeä, mutta kyselyn vastauksista päätellen, myös paljon potentiaalia.
EU:n tekoälyasetus tuli voimaan – raamit tekoälyn käyttöön ja kehittämiseen
Authors: Manninen Soile
Published: October 2024

Paljon keskustelua herättänyt EU:n tekoälyasetus tuli voimaan elokuun 2024 alussa. EU:n asetukset ovat suoraan jäsenvaltioissa sovellettavaa lainsäädäntöä. Myös kansallinen toimeenpano on käynnistynyt työ- ja elinkeinoministeriön johdolla.
EQUALITY BEFORE THE LAW IN REGIONAL HEAD ELECTION TRIALS
Authors: Firdiansyah Putra M. Farrel , Sujatnika Ghunarsa
Published: October 2024

General elections and regional head elections are vital expressions of popular sovereignty and democratic representation within the framework of the rule of law. These elections underscore that sovereignty and power reside with the people. However, the electoral process often leads to disputes, which can arise from administrative issues, criminal activities, and the results of vote counting. Consequently, an effective election dispute resolution mechanism is essential, emphasizing the principle of equality before the law for all parties involved, to ensure the integrity of the electoral process. This research employs normative methods to examine the laws and regulations governing regional head elections. It analyzes relevant data and case examples in relation to the principle of equality before the law in both legislative and regional head elections. The novelty of this research lies in its exploration of the equal standing of parties before the law, particularly in the context of disputes arising during regional head elections.
Long-Term Risks of Early Initiation of Breastfeeding to Mothers and Infants in Asia: a Systematic Review
Authors: Raisa Nurwany  , Syifa Alkaf  , Jeyaseelan Ajay Varmaa
Published: October 2024

Objective: This systematic review aims to determine the long-term risks of early initiation of breastfeeding in mothers and babies in Asia.
Method: The method used in writing this literature review is systematization using keywords, namely "Early Initiation of Breastfeeding", "Breastfeeding", "ASI", "Asia", "Risk", "Baby and Mother", "Long Term Risk" , and "Benefits".A literature search was conducted using Google Scholar, Pubmed and NCBI databases.
Results: From the results of a literature search based on keywords, 25 journals were obtained, of which seven journals met the criteria for long-term risk of IMD for mothers and babies in Asia. One study in this study used a systematic review, five studies used a retrospective cohort study, and one study used a cross-sectional study. The study found many positive risks and benefits of early initiation of breastfeeding for mothers and babies in the long term in Asia.
Conclusion: Positive risks for babies include increasing immunity, reducing the risk of death, and preventing obesity. Meanwhile, long-term risks for mothers include accelerating uterine involution, preventing breast cancer, and reducing the risk of diabetes and prediabetes in mothers who have experienced gestational diabetes.
Characteristics of Advanced Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Patients in Dr. M. Jamil Padang Hospital
Authors: Azwan Reyhan Julio , Muhammad Syammel , Karmia Hudila Rifa
Published: October 2024

Background: Ovarian cancer is a major global health concern, often diagnosed at advanced stages, impacting five-year survival rates. This study examines the demographic and clinical characteristics of 64 patients with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer, shedding light on the disease complexity.
Methods: Conducted at General Hospital Dr. M. Djamil Padang, this cross-sectional study analyzed patient data using SPSS. The research, approved by the Health Research Ethics Committee of Andalas University, included detailed demographic and clinical assessments.
Results: Predominantly, patients were aged 40-64, exhibited normal BMI, and a significant portion had not given birth. Evaluation of clinical factors, including Peritoneal Cancer Index (PCI) and residual tumor size, provided insights into the cohort's characteristics. Optimal cytoreduction (<1 cm residual tumor) was prevalent, emphasizing the role of surgery in enhancing survival.
Conclusion:The study underscores the multifaceted nature of advanced epithelial ovarian  cancer and advocates personalized treatment approaches tailored to individual patient profiles. The findings contribute valuable insights to the existing knowledge, emphasizing the importance of age, BMI, and surgical interventions in influencing outcomes.
Clinical Characteristics, Laboratory, Maternal and Fetal Outcomes in Pregnancy with Covid-19 at RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang
Authors: Sriyanti Roza , Farnas Heri , Djanas Dovy
Published: October 2024

Introduction : The data obtained from various studies about covid-19 conducted in several hospitals in the world are currently considered not sufficient to provide a clinical picture that occurs in pregnancies with Covid-19 infection. The aims to provide an overview of the clinical, laboratory, maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnancy with Covid-19 infection at dr. M. Djamil Padang.
Methods: This study used a descriptive design with data collection starting from March 01, 2020 - March 31, 2021 based on medical record data. Carried out in a single center at RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang in pregnant patients with confirmed Covid-19 by PCR examination.
Results: Total 136 pregnant patients confirmed Covid-19 by PCR examination. Most of the symptoms were asymptomatic (47.1%) and without any comorbidities (76.5%). There were 3 patients who experienced critical symptoms (2.2%). Maternal mortality was found at 2.3% and fetal death 4.7%. The values of d-dimer and NLR were found increasing significantly, 2025.35±1392.18 for d-dimer and 6.39±4.43 for NLR. Pregnancy terminations done for 77.9% patients with cesarean section is the most method (83%). There were 4 cases (3.8%) of babies infected with Covid-19 from mothers who had pregnancy terminations.
Conclusions: Most cases had asymptomatic clinical symptoms (47.1%). There are 2.3% cases of maternal death and 4.7% cases of fetal death. Most of the pregnancy terminations were performed by cesarean section (88%). On laboratory examination, there was a significant increase in maternal d-dimer (2,025.35±1.392.18) and NLR (6.39±4.43) in pregnancies with Covid-19.
From Molar Pregnancy, Thyrotoxicosis, to Pulmonary Hypertension: A Case Report
Authors: Saputra Rudi , Azra Dieni , Aswad Fidya Mayastri , Nurtanio Setyawan
Published: October 2024

Background: Molar pregnancy is a benign condition with the dominant symptom being dark brown to bright red bleeding from the vagina. This disease can induce hyperthyroidism and result in pulmonary hypertension. This case report describes a patient who had molar pregnancy with thyrotoxicosis and pulmonary hypertension.Case: A 30-year-old woman presented with complaints of lower abdominal pain for the last month. The patient feels that her stomach has enlarged in the last 3 months. Other complaints include bleeding and observed bubbles from the birth canal, shortness of breath, and chest pain. The serum cobas Î²-hCG level of 7954.00 mIU/mL. On abdominal ultrasound examination, vesicles formed a honeycomb appearance, measuring 7.4 cmÃ—5.3 cm. Hematologic laboratory tests revealed low TSH levels (<0.01 Î¼IU/mL), T3 levels of 2.35 ng/ml, and FT4 levels of 2.62 ng/dL. The results of the echocardiography examination showed there is a high probability of pulmonary hypertension.Conclusion: Molar pregnancy can exacerbate thyrotoxicosis through hCG activity. Smoking and breastfeeding also have similar effects. Consequently, increased thyroid hormone levels can worsen or cause pulmonary hypertension.
Application of IOT Technology in The Control of Organic Waste Processing Machines with PT100 Sensors and Heaters for Fertilizer Healing and Animal Feeding
Authors: Dharma Ricardo , Budi Santoso Gatot , Mardianto Is
Published: October 2024

Waste is one of the major problems in Indonesia that still has to be resolved, because it has many negative impacts on the environment and health. Waste can be divided into two types: organic and inorganic waste. The increase in waste and the limited capacity of the Integrated Waste Disposal Sites (TPST) will cause waste to accumulate. Therefore, organic waste will have a negative impact on the environment if not managed properly, one of the efforts to reduce its impact is to process organic waste into fertilizer and animal food with new innovations in Internet of Thing (IOT) technology that can be used as an improvement in the agricultural sector. The manufacture of waste processing machines into fertilizer and animal food uses PT100 sensors as temperature control sensors from waste, PLC as data processing integration, HMI cloud and HMI haiwell are used as hardware that displays visual temperature data. This research shows that the use of PT100 sensors in waste processing machines has a significant effect on machine performance. In the process of making fertilizer, the PT100 sensor can regulate the temperature accurately, for example, when the temperature is set at 80℃ and exceeds the limit, the heater will turn off and the temperature decreases to 60℃. IoT technology allows real-time monitoring and control of temperature through mobile phones and HMIs, as well as providing Telegram notifications for high or low temperature warnings.
Implementation Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) ODOO Version 15.0 Manufacturing Module at CV. Razzaq Berkah Mulia
Authors: Setiawan Ibnu Fajar , Siswanto Teddy , Sugiarto Dedy
Published: October 2024

In the modern era, digitalization has had a significant impact on various business fields, with technology being the main key in fascilitating company performance. Digitalization of company systems is now an obligation, data integration is essential for analysis that supports company progress. ERP is software that simplifies company operations by integrating various business application modules such as Inventory, Accounting, Sales, Point of Sales, Manufacturing, Contact, Website, and Purchasing. CV Razzaq Berkah Mulia, which has the potential to compete with international furniture companies, has not fully adopted information systems in its management. This lack of digitalization can lead to losses and recording errors that hinder their business performance. An optimized and valid implementation of Odoo ERP is essential to improve the quality and operational efficiency of CV Razzaq Berkah Mulia. This Implementation will go through several phases, namely Discovery and Planning, Design, Development, Testing, Deployment, and Support. At the Discovery and Planning stage, the company needs will be identified and an implementation strategy will be planned. The Design stage will design the system as per requirements, while the Development Stage will involve the creation and configuration of the system. At the testing stage, the system willl be tested to ensure its functionality, and the Deployment stage will involve launching the system into the operational environtment. Finally, the Support stage will provide post-implementation support.  The final result of this development can be accepted and implemented for the implementation of Odoo at CV. Razzaq Berkah Mulia through UTAUT with a satisfaction value of Performance Expectancy 88%, Effort Expectancy 88%, Supporting Facilities 88,4%, Facilitating Conditions 91%, Attitude Towards Technology 89,2%, Behavioral Intention 90,8%.
Suprasellar dermoid cyst masquerading as tumor: A case report
Authors: Al-Zaidy Mahmood F. , Ismail Mustafa , Alasady Ayaat F. , Al-Hilfi Mohammed S. , Al-Sandooq Mohammed S. , Ayad Fatimah , Emara Mohamed , Abdulateef Awfa Aktham , Hoz Samer S.
Published: October 2024

Intracranial dermoid cysts (DCs) are well-defined, rare ectodermal inclusion cystic lesions. Symptomatic DCs usually present with symptoms due to local mass effect, seizures, or recurrent meningitis, depending on the specific location of the lesion. Suprasellar DCs have fairly classical features and locations, allowing radiological diagnosis in most patients; however, they can sometimes mimic some tumors in the region. Despite the progress made in imaging modalities, it can still be difficult to exclude the differential diagnosis of other tumors. In this report, we present an interesting case of an atypical DC that mimicked a tumor, specifically a craniopharyngioma or meningioma.

A 60-year-old female presented with headaches for four months and left visual field defects. A cranial computed tomography (CT) scan revealed an iso-to-hyperdense suprasellar lesion with intralesional calcification, which was extended to the left parasellar region. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a suprasellar and more in the left sphenoid lesion that was hyperintense on T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) and hyper to mixed signal on T2-weighted imaging (T2WI), with gadolinium enhancement. Sphenoid wing meningioma and craniopharyngioma were mainly suspected as differential diagnoses. Intraoperatively, fluid was evacuated, and it was like machine oil. It was very comparable to the typical fluid of craniopharyngioma. Consequently, part of the lesion wall was dissected and portions of fatty and calcified content were removed. While removing the deepest part of the lesion, we encountered several hair follicles within the lesion. Immediately, the diagnosis shifted into a DC. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis.

The DCs can be considered in the differential diagnosis of suprasellar tumors, as they can have similar clinical and radiological features to more commonly encountered tumors such as craniopharyngiomas and meningiomas, particularly when located in the suprasellar region and presenting with imaging characteristics that are non-cystic and not hypodense.
Nephrology Services in Delhi NCT
Authors: Khullar Dinesh , Bagai Sahil , Gupta Anish Kumar
Published: October 2024

Kidney disease is a rapidly growing non-communicable ailment, with Delhi-National Capital Territory (NCT) emerging as a key hub for nephrology services in India. The field’s evolution in Delhi-NCT has seen significant milestones, starting with the establishment of the nephrology department at AIIMS in 1969 and the expansion of dialysis and transplantation services across the region. Currently, Delhi-NCT hosts over 300 nephrologists and more than 70 nephrology centers, serving over 13,500 patients on hemodialysis and around 550 on peritoneal dialysis. The region leads in the number of kidney transplant, having conducted over 23,000 transplants till 2023, with 97% of these involving living donors, mainly close relatives. A gender disparity exists, with 80% of transplants performed on males and females constituting the majority of donors. The limited scope of deceased donor programs underscores the need for greater awareness of cadaver donation. To address this, Delhi Nephrology Society is promoting paired kidney donation through software aimed at expanding the donor pool. Delhi-NCT also excels in academic and community engagement, offering nephrology training programs and conducting public awareness and outreach initiatives. Despite these advancements, challenges persist, including limited access to specialized care in the peripheral areas, financial constraints, and a shortage of nephrologists. Governmental efforts, such as the Pradhan Mantri National Dialysis Programme (PMNDP) and the Delhi Arogya Kosh, support kidney care but face gaps in coverage and implementation. The absence of a state-run CKD registry and standardized policies highlights the need for strategic improvements. Enhancing resource allocation, integrating technology, and expanding governmental programs are essential steps toward advancing kidney care services in Delhi-NCT.
Patterns of reproduction for coho salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch in the Khabarovsk Region
Authors: Ostrovsky V. I.
Published: October 2024

Reasons for deviations in actual number of sexually mature offspring from the parent-offspring ratio described by Ricker equation are investigated for coho salmon in the Okhotsk district. The deviations are well explained by variability of air temperature and precipitation during the feeding period of juveniles in rivers. Combined influence of the number of parents and weather conditions in the freshwater period of life explains more than 90 % of variability for coho salmon year-class strength. The influence of weather factors is realized possibly through conditions of nutrition and growth of juveniles. The results are discussed in comparison with similar studies of some populations of pink and chum salmon.
Phenol content in the marine environments of the coastal waters in Peter the Great Bay, Japan Sea
Authors: Badmaev  O. V.
Published: October 2024

Total content of phenols in seawater and bottom sediments of some water areas in Peter the Great Bay in 1998–2022 is considered. Mean annual values of phenol concentration exceeded the maximum allowable level for the water of fishing grounds but were comparable with the background concentrations in water and bottom sediments. Peaks of phenol concentration were usually observed in the estuaries of rivers, so the rivers are considered as the main source of phenol pollution: the Razdolnaya in the Amur Bay, the Shkotovka and Artemovka in the Ussuri Bay, and the Obyasnenie in the Zolotoy Rog Bay. Other significant sources of pollution were the urban wastewater discharged to the eastern Amur Bay and wastes of shipbuilding and ship repair plants and marine vessels. Downward trend of the total phenol content was revealed for all water areas, but pollution of bottom sediments by phenols was still high in the Ussuri Bay in 2019–2022.
Conditions for reproduction of juvenile salmon fish in Sakhalin fish hatcheries: oxygen, temperature regimes and sanitary state of factory water sources
Authors: Polteva A. V. , Galanina E. V.
Published: October 2024

Conditions of salmon reproduction in 2016–2020 are considered for seven Sakhalin fish hatcheries: Lesnoy, Taranaysky, Buyuklovsky, Firsovka, Lazovoy, Lublino, Okhotsky, with evaluation of water temperature, dissolved oxygen content, and qualitative and quantitative parameters of sanitary-indicative and conditionally pathogenic microflora in the water entered the hatcheries at the stages of eggs and larvae incubation and rearing of juveniles. Indirect indicators as morbidity and mortality of fish were used for the conditions assessment, as well. At all examined hatcheries, the water met requirements for water bodies suitable for fisheries by microbiological indicators. The water temperature and dissolved oxygen content provided rather favorable conditions for the salmon reproduction at all stages of the breeding cycle that was proven by normative values of fish mortality and absence of diseases. However, ranges of temperature and oxygen content at certain stages of chum and pink salmon breeding were wider than the optimal ones described in technological documents and scientific literature.
Results on growing the seedlings of laminaria Saccharina japonica in the Center of Mariculture on Popov Island (Peter the Great Bay, Japan Sea)
Authors: Krupnova T. N. , Ponyrko O. A.
Published: October 2024

Results on experimental cultivation of seedlings of laminaria kelp Saccharina japonica are considered. Growing of this species was conducted in the first time in the Center of Mariculture located on Popov Island in the coastal Japan Sea. Data on equipment of the modules for cultivation of early stages of algae and on environmental conditions for their optimal growth are presented. Diatoms influence on the growth of kelp seedlings is shown. The optimal dates for seeding the spores on artificial substrate frames and for the frames transplantation into the sea are determined that provides the most rational growing cycle in a forced mode.
Experience of pond cultivation for red-clawed crayfish in the Astrakhan Region
Authors: Pyatikopova O. V. , Bedritskaya I. N. , Popov D. A. , Tangatarova R. R.
Published: October 2024

Results of red-clawed crayfish cultivation in pond aquaculture in the Astrakhan Region are presented. Growing of Australian red-claw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus juveniles in ponds with different distribution density and periods of cultivation within the summer-autumn seasons are analyzed and basic requirements for the pond cultivation of this species are determined. The optimal dimensions of pond are the following: area 0.1–0.5 hectares, depth 1.5–2.0 m, V-shaped bottom. Ponds with natural fodder base should be prepared in 20–30 days before placing the crayfish. Artificial fertilization is available for ponds with depleted soil by 3–5 t/ha of manure applied locally in the area of the pond water supply in 20–30 days before the placing. Zooplankton abundance can be increased with input of Cladocera culture, as Daphnia magna (Straus 1820), in amount of 100–500 g/ha. Coastal aquatic vegetation should not occupy more than 5 % of the pond area at the beginning of cultivation and 15 % by its end. Duration of juvenile crayfish growing in ponds of the Astrakhan Region is limited by temperature conditions (water temperature > 20 ºC is favorable for the growth) and does not exceed 115–125 days depending on the water heating. At least 100 days of growing are necessary for successful harvest. The optimal mean daily temperature of water in ponds for growing and harvesting crayfish is 23–24 ºC. Certain conditions and dates of rearing can be chosen to get certain body size of production. Small-sized juveniles with weight below 0.1 g are used for growing to the weight of 40 g in 80–100 days for the purposes of both further cultivation, replenishment of the broodstock, or sale. For producing crayfish with the weight > 40 g, juveniles with larger initial size (2–5 g) should be grown in 90–100 days. The individuals with the weight > 5 g are used as producers of planting material; at least 100 days are necessary for growth to this size. Rearing such individuals in controlled conditions (e.g. in closed water supply installations) allows to obtain the progeny in the fall of current year.
Plasma Decomposition of Ferrocene
Authors: Niiranen Pentti , Andersson Felicia , Lundin Daniel , Ojamäe Lars , Pedersen Henrik
Published: October 2024

Ferrocene (Fe(C5H5)2 or FeCp2) is a well-known precursor molecule for iron in vapor deposition of iron containing films by, e.g., chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes. CVD processes often use the energy in plasma discharges to decompose precursor molecules, which allows lowering the substrate temperature for deposition on sensitive materials. Herein, we studied the plasma decomposition of ferrocene in a plasma CVD reactor using in situ optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and quadrupole mass spectrometry (QMS), coupled with in silico quantum chemical modeling. We suggest a plasma chemical decomposition model where FeCp2 is likely to undergo neutral decomposition, detaching both Cp ligands from the iron center, followed by fragmentation via C2H2 and C3H3 to C2, CH, H2 and H.
Symmetry-breaking charge-separation in a subphthalocyanine dimer resolved by two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy
Authors: Bressan Giovanni , Chambrier Isabelle , Cammidge Andrew , Meech Stephen
Published: October 2024

Understanding the role of structural and environmental dynamics in the excited state properties of strongly coupled chromophores is of paramount importance in molecular photonics. Ultrafast, coherent and multidimensional spectroscopies have been utilised to investigate such dynamics in the simplest model system, the molecular dimer. Here we present a half-broadband two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (HB-2DES) study of the previously reported ultrafast symmetry-breaking charge separation (SB-CS) in the subphthalocyanine oxo-bridged homodimer μ-OSubPc2. Electronic structure calculations and 2D cross-peaks reveal the dimer’s excitonic structure, whilst ultrafast evolution of the multidimensional spectra unveils subtle features of structural relaxation, solvation dynamics and inhomogeneous broadening in the SB-CS. Analysis of coherently excited vibrational motions reveals dimer specific low frequency Raman active modes coupled to higher frequency vibrations localised on the SubPc cores. Finally, beatmap amplitude distributions characteristic of excitonic dimers with multiple bright states are reported and analysed.
Intrinsic point defect tolerance in selenium for indoor and tandem photovoltaics
Authors: Kavanagh Seán R. , Nielsen Rasmus S. , Hansen John L. , Davidsen Rasmus S. , Hansen Ole , Samli Alp E. , Vesborg Peter C. , Scanlon David O. , Walsh Aron
Published: October 2024

Selenium has reemerged as a promising absorber material for tandem and indoor photovoltaic (PV) devices due to its elemental simplicity, unique structural features, and wide band gap. However, despite rapid recent improvements, record Se solar cells only reach a third of their achievable efficiencies at the radiative limit, primarily due to a low open-circuit voltage relative to the band gap. The origins of this voltage deficit, along with the high doping densities often reported for trigonal selenium (t-Se), remain unclear. Here, we explore the point defect chemistry of t-Se combining first-principles calculations with experimental studies of thin-films from state- of-the-art PV devices. Our findings reveal a remarkable ability of the helical t-Se chains to reconstruct and form low-energy amphoteric defects, particularly in the case of self-vacancies and hydrogen, pnictogen, and halogen impurities. While chalcogen impurities and self-interstitials also form low-energy defects, these are electrically neutral. We also find that both intrinsic and extrinsic point defects do not contribute significantly to doping, either due to electrical inactivity (chalcogens) or self-compensation (hydrogen, halogens, pnictogens). Finally, we show that intrinsic point defects do not form detrimental non-radiative recombination centres and propose that PV performance is instead limited by other factors. These findings highlight the potential of Se as a defect-tolerant absorber, while optimising interfaces and extended structural imperfections is key to unlocking its full performance potential.
Site-selective copper(I) catalyzed hydrogenation of amides
Authors: Tzaras Dimitrios-Ioannis , Jacquemin Thomas , Gorai Mahadeb , Arndt Thiemo , Zimmermann Birte , Breugst Martin , Johannes Teichert
Published: October 2024

We present a bifunctional catalyst consisting of a copper(I)/N-heterocyclic carbene and an organocatalytic guanidine moiety that enables for the first time a copper(I) catalyzed reduction of amides with H2 as the terminal reducing agent. The guanidine allows for reactivity tuning of the originally weakly nucleophilic copper(I) hydrides – formed in situ –to be able to reacting with diffi-cult-to-reduce amides. Additionally, the guanidine moiety is key for the selective recognition of “privileged” amides based on simple and readily available heterocycles in the presence of other amides within one molecule to give rise to a hitherto unknown site-selective catalytic amide hydrogenation. A substrate scope, mechanistic investigations as well as a working hypothesis, supported by computational analysis for the site-selectivity is presented.
Polymorphism of RAAS genes in patients with COVID-19: comparison with frequency in population and relationship with severity of course
Authors: Bragina Anna E. , Rodionova Yulia N. , Ogibenina Ekaterina S. , Fomin Alexander S. , Podzolkov Valery I.
Published: October 2024

Aim. Evaluation of genes polymorphisms frequencies of angiotensinogen (AGT), angiotensin converting enzyme type 1 (ACE1) and angiotensin II receptors type 1 (AGTR1) and type 2 (AGTR2) in patients admitted with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and its association the severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Materials and methods. The study included 100 patients admitted to the hospital with a laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19. All patients were identified with alleles and genotypes of polymorphic markers rs4762 of the AGT gene, rs1799752 of the ACE1 gene, rs5186 of the AGTR1 gene and rs1403543 of the AGTR2 gene. The frequencies of each polymorphisms were compared with population. Statistical processing was performed using the Statistica 8.0 software package.
Results. In evaluated cohort there was higher frequency of D-allele ACE1 rs1799752 compared to population. Depending on the availability of criteria for the severity of coronavirus infection, 44 (44%) patients were diagnosed with severe, 56 (56%) with moderate course. The groups did not significantly differ in age, gender, cardiovascular risk factors and comorbid pathology. In the groups with severe and moderate course, the same distribution of genotypes and alleles of AGT rs4762, AGTR2 rs1403543 and ACE1 rs1799752 was revealed. For the I/D alleles of the ACE1 rs1799752 gene, a significant deviation from the papulation was found in both the group of severe and moderate COVID-19. In the group with a severe course of the disease, a higher frequency of the mutant C-allele of the AGTR1 rs5186 gene was detected. In the same group, a deviation in the frequency ratio of A and C of the AGTR1 rs5186 alleles from Hardy–Weinberg Equilibrium was found. When calculating the risk of severe COVID-19 in the presence of the C-allele compared with the A-allele, an odds ratio 2.092 (95% confidence interval 1.066–4.108) was obtained.
Conclusion. The data obtained suggest that the genes polymorphisms of the components of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, namely D-allele of ACE1 rs1799752 and C-allele of AGTR1 rs5186, may make it possible to identify groups of patients predisposed to the development of more severe COVID-19.
Metabolic disorders in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
Authors: Yarovoy Sergey Yu. , Danilov Nikolay M. , Shchelkova Galina V. , Dinevich Ekaterina O. , Mitrofanova Anastasiya A. , Chazova Irina E.
Published: October 2024

Aim. To analyze the relationship between metabolic disorders and obesity with hemodynamic parameters and the severity of the condition of patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) based on the POLET register.
Materials and methods. The study included patients with CTEPH from the POLET register. Data from medical history, lipid profile, glycemia, uric acid level, weight, height, functional class (FC), distance in the 6-minute walk test (6MWT), echocardiography, and right heart catheterization were used for analysis.
Results. The study included 84 patients 60±14 years old, including 45 men. The majority of patients had FC III – 51 (65%), which corresponded to 6MWT – 338±113 m. Nineteen (23%) people had experience in taking PAH specific therapy, 37 (46%) had cardiovascular comorbidity. In the general group, the body mass index (BMI) was 25.7±4.5 kg/m2, and normal glycemia, lipid profile, and uric acid levels were also determined. mPAP was 51±12 mmHg, RA area was 25.5 (20; 30) cm2. Correlations were identified between: RA area and the level of total cholesterol (r=0.60; p0.01), triglycerides (r=-0.24; p0.001), LDL cholesterol (r=0.75; p=0.04), uric acid (r=0.75; p=0.03); total cholesterol and 6MWT (r=0.44; p=0.04). Analysis of metabolic disorders, FC and comorbidity revealed differences between FC III and IV groups in the level of HDL cholesterol (p=0.02) and triglycerides (p0.01).
Conclusion. The POLET registry includes mainly older patients. Severe FC (87% – III and IV) may be a result of the older age and the presence of concomitant pathology in almost half of the patients. The discovered relationships between the area of RA and FC with lipid and purine metabolism were discovered for the first time, however, they correspond to the direction of the world scientific researches, are important due to the use of these indicators in the scale for calculating the risk of death in patients with PAH and require further development.
Patient selection for left ventricular assist device implantation. The main problems
Authors: Narusov Oleg Yu. , Shahramanova Janna  A. , Amanatova Valeriia A. , Sychev Aleksei V. , Osmolovskaya Yulia F. , Ganaev Kamil G. , Shiryaev Andrey A. , Merkulova Irina A. , Pevzner Dmitry V. , Makeev Maksim I. , Saidova Marina A. , Paleev Filipp N. , Akchurin Renat S. , Tereshchenko Sergey N. , Boytsov Sergey A.
Published: October 2024

Aim. To analyze the experience of Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology in patient selection for left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation.
Materials and methods. 901 patients, whose documents were sent to Chazov National Medical Research Center of Cardiology from regional medical and prophylactic institutions, were screened as selection for LVAD implantation. Firstly, all patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography performed according to the extended protocol with a comprehensive assessment of the left and right ventricle size and function. Patients who underwent the screening procedure underwent further examination including both laboratory and instrumental diagnostic methods. In addition, the polyclinic database of patients diagnosed with chronic heart failure (CHF) and dilated cardiomyopathy was also analyzed.
Results. Among 901 screened patients 7.9% were suitable candidates for LVAD implantation and only 23 (2.6%) patients underwent surgery. Among those not eligible for surgery: 208 (29%) patients were not on optimal medical therapy, 15% of patients had indications for other surgical treatment of CHF, 12% of patients had severe right ventricular failure, 9.8% had severe comorbidities, 6.8% of patients refused surgery.
Conclusions. The main problems of selection for LVAD implantation were: low awareness of doctors about the introduction of new treatment methods, poor quality of transthoracic echocardiography, a large percentage of patients not receiving basic therapy for CHF, untimely referral of patients for other types of surgical treatment.
A clinical case of reverse left ventricular remodeling in patient with pathogenic TTN mutation. Case report
Authors: Nasonova Svetlana N. , Meshkov Aleksei N. , Zhirov Igor V. , Osmolovskaya Yulia F. , Shoshina Anastasiia A. , Gagloev Alan V. , Dzhumaniiazova Irina H. , Zelenova Elena A. , Erema Veronika V. , Gusakova Mariia S. , Ivanov Mikhail V. , Terekhov Mikhail V. , Kashtanova Daria A. , Nekrasova Alexsandra I. , Mitrofanov Sergey I. , Shingaliev Andrey S. , Yudin Vladimir S. , Keskinov Anton A. , Gomyranova Nataliya V. , Chubykina Uliana V. , Ezhov Marat V. , Tereshchenko Sergey N. , Yudin Sergey M. , Boytsov Sergey A.
Published: October 2024

Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a leading cause of heart failure, sudden cardiac death, and heart transplantation in young patients. The causes of DCM are varied and include genetic factors and metabolic, infectious, toxic and others factors. Today it is known that germline mutations in more than 98 genes can be associated with the occurrence of DCM. However, the penetrance of these genes often depends on a combination of factors, including modifiable ones, i.e. those that change under the influence of the environment. About 20–25% of genetically determined forms of DCM are due to mutations in the titin gene (TTN). Titin is the largest protein in the body, which is an important component of the sarcomer. Although titin is the largest protein in the human body, its role in the physiology of heart and disease is not yet fully understood. However, a mutation in the TTN gene may later represent a potential therapeutic target for genetic and acquired cardiomyopathy. Thus, the analysis of clinical cases of cardiomyopathy in patients with identified mutations in the TTN gene is of great scientific interest. The article presents a clinical case of manifestation of DCM in patient with a revealed pathogenic variant of mutation in the gene TTN and reverse left ventricular remodeling of the against the background of optimal therapy of heart failure in a subsequent outpatient observation.
Rehabilitation and habilitation of disabled children: A review
Authors: Gevorkyan Anait K. , Volynets Galina V.
Published: October 2024

The article presents approaches to the habilitation/rehabilitation of disabled children in Russia and in the countries of the European Union. The areas of rehabilitation, rehabilitation/habilitation activities that disabled children in the Russian Federation need are shown, and the legislative framework is presented. The data on the need for children with disabilities in rehabilitation are given. Research into pediatric rehabilitation care is essential to develop proper policies, programs, guidelines and resource allocation. The lack of evidence-based data comparing different national health systems is a major barrier to decision making in various European countries. To solve this problem, paediatricians and other healthcare professionals need to collect experimental and evidence-based data on the quality of rehabilitation care throughout Europe.
Prospects for dry cough therapy with Herbion®, Iceland moss syrup, during tripledemic: A review
Authors: Vavilova Vera P. , Vavilov Alexander M.
Published: October 2024

Cough is a common reason for seeking medical care, regardless of the season, but especially during the increased prevalence of respiratory infections and other diseases often associated with prolonged cough. Cough is an essential physiological protective reflex that cleanses the airways of secretions and inhaled or aspirated substances; however, it significantly worsens the child's condition. A dry, unproductive, persistent cough especially affects the quality of life. The article addresses various aspects of using the medicinal product Herbion®, Iceland moss syrup, for treating dry, unproductive, persistent cough in various diseases, including post-infectious cough.
Prevention of iron deficiency conditions in obese children
Authors: Mikhaleva Oksana G. , Bokova Tatyana A. , Bevz Anna S. , Kartashova Daria A. , Shishulina Elena E.
Published: October 2024

Background. Due to the progressive increase in childhood obesity, the effect of iron levels in the body on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism disorders and the relationship between these conditions are actively studied. It is proven that obesity in children is often associated with dysregulation of iron metabolism. The correlation between the body mass index and iron deficiency (ID) in children and adolescents was reported. Therefore, implementing preventive measures to correct the iron deficiency state (IDS), including the enrichment of the diet with foods containing easily digestible iron, is relevant and can be considered as one of the principles of an integrated approach to the treatment of obesity in childhood.
Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of dietary supplements "Kidz Tasty iron" for IDS prevention in obese children.
Materials and methods. Thirty children aged 7–14 with exogenous constitutional obesity were followed up, 14 (47%) females and 16 (53%) males. All patients received a dietary supplement (DS), "Kidz Tasty iron," 10 mL once daily with meals according to the label for 1 month. The follow-up included data on signs and symptoms, medical history, evaluation of anthropometric data, evaluation of current nutrition status with the software "Optimal Nutrition 5.0", bioimpedance analysis of body composition, questionnaire on the assessment of ID symptoms and quality of life, general hematology and blood chemistry tests, validated for childhood.
Results. The diets of obese children in the study had low iron content (33.3% of patients), which justifies the need for additional iron supplementation. While taking the dietary supplement "Kidz Tasty Iron," there was a positive clinical trend: decreased symptoms related to ID and clinical signs of ID, improved overall well-being, and increased quality of life. The improvement of the body composition of the studied children was represented by preservation and an increase (20% of patients) in the active cell mass in the studied children. Laboratory tests of iron metabolism improved in 9 children (30%). Most children reported the good organoleptic properties of the product. Adherence to the DS was 96.7%.
Conclusion. The study results show the "Kidz Tasty iron" dietary supplement to be tolerable, safe, and effective, supporting its use in the complex therapy of children and adolescents with obesity, including for IDS prevention.
Alcohol consumption and dyslipidemia in children and adolescents: A review
Authors: Pshenichnikova Irina I. , Pupykina Viktoria V. , Pshenichnikova Arina D. , Zakharova Irina N.
Published: October 2024

Consumption of low-alcohol products by young people is due to the erroneous opinion that they are safe for health. However, against the background of taking low-alcohol drinks, addiction quickly forms and complications develop, including lipid metabolism disorders. Studies show that consumption of low-concentration ethanol-containing drinks changes the structure and ratio of serum lipoproteins. Changes in serum lipids provoked by alcohol intake are involved in the pathogenesis of a number of chronic non-infectious diseases, including alcoholic fatty liver disease and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. According to the data of an anonymous online survey, which involved 155 young people aged 17–20 (18±0.76) years, 17.4% of them consume low-concentration alcohol more than once a week, and 5.8% consume both low-alcohol drinks and strong alcohol daily. Comprehensive efforts are needed to prevent the spread of alcohol addiction among children and young people: raising the age at which it is possible to purchase alcoholic beverages, increasing penalties in the area of illegal alcohol trafficking, and working in the area of anti-alcohol propaganda.