bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Low or Moderate Intensity Aerobic Training: Its Role in Clinical and Psychological Aspects of Community Dwelling COVID-19 Asymptomatic Older Adults With Sarcopenia Symptoms
Authors: Nambi Gopal , Abdelbasset Walid Kamal , Verma Anju , Vellaiyan Arul
Published: October 2020

Background: Sarcopenia is the major health concern and common consequence of COVID-19 in the aging population. Moreover, this clinical condition has not been considered in usual physical rehabilitation practice and nor its exercise protocol is well defined, which requires a meaningful study in this field.Objective: To find and compare the low and moderate intensity aerobic training protocols on clinical and psychological effects in community dwelling COVID-19 asymptomatic older adults with Sarcopenia symptoms. Methods: By using computer random table method the eligible participants were randomized into two groups. First group received low-intensity aerobic training (LAT; n = 38) and the second group received moderate-intensity aerobic training (MAT; n = 38) for 8 weeks. Clinical (muscle strength, muscle mass and physical performance) and psychological (kinesiophobia and quality of life) measures were measured at baseline, at 4th week, 8th week and at 6 month follow up. Results: Baseline demographic and clinical attributes show homogenous presentation among the study groups (p>0.05). After eight weeks of different aerobic trainings, and at the end of 6 months follow up, the hand grip strength, -3.0 (CI 95% -4.16 to -1.83), chair stand test -2.7 (-3.29 to -2.10), physical performance -0.08 (-0.10 to -0.05), kinesiophobia, 4.2 (3.25 to 5.14), and quality of life -5.7 (-8.4 to -2.9) shows more improvement (p<0.001) in LAT group than MAT group but in muscle mass both groups did not show any significant difference (p>0.05).Conclusion: This study reports that low intensity aerobic training exercises improve the clinical (muscle strength and physical performance) and psychological (kinesiophobia and quality of life) aspects than moderate intensity aerobic training in COVID-19 asymptomatic older adults with Sarcopenia symptoms. At the same time both types of aerobic training exercises have negligible or little role in increasing the muscle quantity - cross sectional area.
Angelica Sinensis Polysaccharides Ameliorate 5-Flourouracil-Induced Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Proliferation Inhibition Via Regulating Wnt/ β-Catenin Signaling
Authors: Xiao Hanxianzhi , Qi Rongjia , Wang Ziling , Xiao Minghe , Xiang Yue , Wang YaPing , Wang Lu
Published: October 2020

Background: Chemotherapy-induced bone marrow hematopoietic microenvironment oxidative damage is closely related to myelosuppression. Angelica Sinensis Polysaccharides (ASP) are major effective ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine Angelica with multi-target anti-oxidative stress features. In this study, we investigated the potential benefits and mechanism of action of ASP on chemotherapy-induced bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) damage.Methods: The human bone marrow stromal cell line HS-5 cells were divided into control group, 5-FU group, 5-FU + ASP group, and 5-FU+ LiCl group to investigate the mechanism of ASP to alleviate 5-FU-induced BMSC proliferation inhibition.Results: The results showed that 5-FU inhibits the growth of HS-5 cells in a time and dose-dependent manner; however, ASP partially counteracted 5-FU-induced decrease in cell viability, whereas Wnt signaling inhibitor Dkk1 antagonized the effect of ASP on HS-5 cells. ASP reversed the decrease in cytoplasmic total β-catenin, p-GSK-3β, and CyclinD1 following 5-FU treatment, and modulated nuclear expression of β-catenin, Lef-1, and C-myc proteins. Furthermore, ASP also enhanced the antioxidant capacity of cells and reduced 5-FU caused oxidative stress, attenuated FoxO1 expression, thus weakened its downstream apoptosis-related proteins and G0/G1 checkpoint-associated p27Kip1expression to alleviate 5-FU-induced apoptosis promote cell cycle progression. Conclusion: The protective role of ASP in BMSCs proliferation for the chemotherapy may be related to its activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling and keeping homeostasis between β-catenin and FoxO1 under oxidative stress. The study provides a potential therapeutic strategy for alleviating chemotherapeutic damage on BMSCs.
Development of a Mobile-App Based Free Field Click Test Against Conventional Free Field Voice Test: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Rajendran Thilaga , Chye Julius Goh Liang , Shanmuganathan Jothi
Published: October 2020

Objective:Hearing loss is a prevalent disease with free field voice test (FFVT) being a common hearing test performed.FFVT has its own disadvantage as screening tool as there is no standardization of speech among examiners.We aim to invent mobile-app based hearing screening using Flutter-Dart programming language that mimics findings of FFVT.The app is termed as Free field click test (FFCT).Our aim is to compare sensitivity&specificity of FFCT and FFVT with Pure Tone audiogram (PTA).Methods:This is an open-labelled randomized controlled trial. This study was conducted in a sound proof room in our ORL clinic from December-March 2020. 50 patients from 18-80 years old with complaint of hearing loss were recruited.These patients were randomly assigned into two groups; FFVT&FFCT which were compared with PTA.Categorical data were analyzed with Chi-square test,non-categorical data were calculated with Student t-test for statistical significance.Results:Results were calculated based on degree of hearing loss against PTA.FFCT‘s rate of detection of hearing loss was significant for all degrees of hearing loss with p-values of <0.05. FFVT’s detection rate was only significant to normal hearing, moderate & severe hearing loss. FFCT had higher sensitivity of 94.1% for normal hearing compared to 52% for FFVT.FFVT had higher specificity but with a marginal difference only.A higher rate of accuracy (94%) and strength of the correlation (0.97) were obtained for FFCT than FFVT.Conclusion:FFCT is a more sensitive&accurate tool than FFVT in detecting hearing thresholds. It proves to be an ideal tool to screen hearing loss and is convenient in times of social distancing during COVID-19 pandemic now.
Comparison of Robot-assisted Versus Conventional Laparoscope on Incidence and Risk Factors of Postoperative Delirium for Patients undergoing radical prostatectomy: A single-center Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Hu GuangJun , Weidong Shao , Mengda Xu , Bixi Li , Li Li , Bo Xu
Published: October 2020

Background: Robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy ( RALRP) has better effects than conventional laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP). However, there were few research focus on the incidence and risk factors of postoperative delirium for patients with different procedures. Methods: Eighty-one cases of RLRP patients (group RALRP) and 71 cases of LRP patients (group LRP) under general anesthesia were collected from anesthesia information system from June 2013 to December 2019. Comparison of the time of preparation period before surgery(Tp), time of operation(To), time of anesthesia maintenance (Ta), time of anesthesia recovery(time from cessation of intravenous anesthetic to endotracheal extubation, Tr), time of endotracheal extubation(time from endotracheal extubation to discharge from post-anesthesia care unit, Te), dosage of anesthetic (propofol, sufentanil, remifentanil), PaCO2, plasma lactate level and airway pressure at different points (before pneumoperitoneum, post-pneumoperitoneum, after loosening pneumoperitoneum), the incidences of postoperative delirium and utilization of mannitol, IAP, dosage of vasoactive agents(ephedrine, methoxamine and atropine), fluid infusion volume, blood transfusion volume, blood loss, postoperative hospitalization time (Th) and overall cost. Results: The incidences of postoperative delirium and utilization of mannitol in group RALRP and LRP were (17.3% VS 32.4%, P=0.03;7.4% VS 21.1%, P=0.014), Tr was (31.52±9.89 VS 38.65±16.32 min; P=0.01,95%CI 2.72-11.54), IAP was (12.72±1.87 VS 13.37±1.12 mmHg; P=0.01, 95%CI 0.16-1.14), PaCO2 at post-pneumoperitoneum and after loosening pneumoperitoneum were (47.89±10.89 VS 38.65±16.32 mmHg; P <0.001, 95%CI 6.47-11.98; 40.77±5.34 VS 43.57±4.54 mmHg; P=0.001, 95%CI 1.17-4.37), the difference was statistically significant. Tp, To, Ta and overall cost of patients in the RLRP group were significantly longer than those in the LRP group (P <0.02). No statistical difference was found in other observation variables. The incidence of postoperative delirium was considered as the dependent variable for binary logistic regression analysis. The result showed the incidence of postoperative delirium increased 1.17 times (95%CI 1.06-1.17), 1.13 times (95%CI 1.03-1.24), and 1.66 times (95%CI 1.02-2.70) for each unit increase in Tr, post-pneumoperitoneum PaCO2 and IAP.Conclusion: Compared with group LRP, patients in group RALRP had lower IAP, lower incidence of postoperative delirium and shorter recovery time, but the overall cost was higher. IAP is the main factor affecting the incidence of postoperative delirium.
Prevalence of Lead Toxicity in Adolescents in Kuwait
Authors: Jallad Reem , Rao Muddanna , Rahman Abdur
Published: October 2020

Background: Environmental lead (Pb) exposure is a public health problem in many developing and industrialized countries. Being a petrochemical industry-based economy, Pb levels are expected to be high in Kuwait but systematic data on population exposure are lacking. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of Pb toxicity in adolescents in Kuwait.Methods: Adolescents (N=1385; age range 11-16 years) were cross-sectionally selected from public middle schools from all Governorates of Kuwait, utilizing multi-stage cluster random sampling. Pb in whole blood was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Pb levels among Governorates and genders were compared by median test and the prevalence of Pb levels above the CDC cutoff (≥5 µg/dL) was estimated by x2 test. Multiple logistic regression was used for association between prevalence of high Pb levels and Governorate.Results: Median (IQR) Pb was 5.1(3.6 – 7.1) µg/dL [4.9 (3.8 6.5) µg/dL in males and 5.4 (3.3-7.6) µg/dL in females; p=0.001]. In the overall sample, 51% had Pb levels ≥5 µg/dL; 13% were ≥10 µg/dL and 3% >20 µg/dL. Prevalence of Pb ≥5 µg/dL was 47% in males and 56% in females (p<0.001). High Pb levels were clustered in Al-Asima and Al-Ahmadi (in both genders); Al-Jahra (in males) and Mubarak Al-Kabeer (in females) Governorates.Conclusion: Pb exposure is a significant public health problem in adolescents in Kuwait. Urgent public health intervention is required in high Pb exposure areas and further research is needed to identify the sources of exposure in these areas for prevention.
Assess Puberty Health Needs Among 10-15-year-old Boys 
Authors: NeJhaddadgar Nazila , Abbas Jaffar , Toraji Rashid , ziapour arash
Published: October 2020

Background: According to the studies conducted, teenage period and its related health issues are one of the most significant issues. This study aimed to investigate the health needs of 10–15-year-old teen boys about puberty.Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-correlational study was performed on boy’s teen (10-15 year-old) through stratified-cluster sampling in Ardabil city. The data gathering tool was a self-reported researcher-designed questionnaire consisting of 10 demographic questions, 35 questions in 5 categories; Awareness of puberty changes, sexual orientation, mood swings, health behavior, self-confidence and 5 questions about educational demands. Descriptive statistics and chi-square test, correlation coefficient and regression were used to analyze the quantitative data.Results: The mean age of the teen boys was 11.38 ± 4.37. There was a significant relationship between the father and mother’s level of education and teen boys’ awareness of puberty changes (p < 0.001). The results of this study showed that 69.8% of teen boys were not well aware of puberty (change of puberty and health behavior)and about 87% teen boys in this study did not have access to the required educational resources and 82% percent of the families did not talk about the change of puberty and hygiene practices related to their teenagers also Correlation test between teen boys’ health behavior and awareness of puberty changes (r = 0.12 p < 0.007) and between self-confidence and health behaviors (r = 0.14, p < 0.001) revealed significant and positive relationships.Conclusion: There is a need among teen boys for information about puberty changes and related health behaviors also the role of families is the most important source of information for teen boys.
Ecological and Economic Modeling of Hookworm Burden Under Climate Change
Authors: McCord Gordon Carlos , Rubio Karl
Published: October 2020

Background The disease burden of hookworm is disproportionately borne by tropical and sub-tropical regions because hookworm thrives in warm surroundings with moist soil. Climate change will alter the ecological strength of transmission, affecting the spatial extent and intensity of hookworm burden.Methods This paper explains the relationship between hookworm transmission strength and geographic factors, and constructs a global hookworm ecological index (HEI) at a 0·5-degree spatial resolution. We test the HEI against spatial variation in hookworm prevalence, and then use three climate models to estimate the change in the spatial extent of ecological suitability for hookworm. Finally, we estimate the impact of climate change on public health costs and human capital loss due to hookworm.Results The models predict that East Asia, Latin America and the Middle East will experience increases in hookworm prevalence while South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa will experience decreases. Our estimates suggest that if climate change occurred now, public health costs to avert DALYs from hookworm would rise by $680 million, 72-268 thousand fewer children would enroll in school, up to 165 thousand fewer children would attain literacy, and incomes would decrease for people across much of the developing world.Conclusion This paper represents the first assessment of the global effect of climate change on the population at risk and economic burden of hookworm infections.
Study on The Symptoms and Esophageal Motility Characteristics of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Patients with Obesity
Authors: Yang Yifan , Rehman Attique Ur , Wang Lixia , Yang Dong , Zhang Zhifeng , Zhang Ping , Su Liping , Jin Shi , Duan Zhijun
Published: October 2020

Background: Previous studies have shown that obesity affects the occurrence and development of GERD, GERD is also one of the many complications of obesity. However, few prior studies have evaluated the symptoms and esophageal motility characteristics of GERD patients with obesity. The purpose of this study was to assess the symptoms and esophageal motility characteristics of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) patients with obesity and the relationship between symptoms and esophageal motility results. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study. Patients were divided into four groups according to whether diagnosed with GERD and obesity: obese GERD group (N=25), obese non-GERD group (N=21), non-obese GERD group (N=29), non-obese non-GERD group (N=22). High resolution manometry (HRM) was performed to assess esophageal motility. Gastroesophageal reflux symptoms were in accordance with the GERD questionnaire (GerdQ). Results: a) The main symptoms of obese GERD group were: reflux, upper stomach pain, nausea; in the non-obese GERD group were: reflux, heartburn and taking additional medication. b) The LES resting pressure in obese GERD group was lower than in non-obese non-GERD group, non-obese GERD group and obese non-GERD group ( P <0.05); The EGJ separation distance in obese GERD group was larger compared with non-obese non-GERD group, non-obese GERD group and obese non-GERD group ( P <0.05); The length of the esophagus in obese GERD group was shorter than in non-obese non-GERD group, non-obese GERD group and obese non-GERD group ( P <0.05); The DCI in obese GERD group was lower than in obese non-GERD group ( P <0.05). c) In obese GERD group, patients with reduced LES resting pressure or increased EGJ separation distance are more likely to have "reflux" symptoms. Conclusions: Comparing with GERD patients without obesity, the symptoms, esophageal motility, esophageal motility mechanism related to the symptoms of GERD patients with obesity got different characteristics. This result provides a reference for treatment options of GERD patients with obesity.
Gundelia Tournefortii Extracts Inhibit Progressions of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Mice Model Through Decrease in p53/Akt/PI3K Signaling Pathway
Authors: Amer Johnny , Jaradat Nidal , Aburas Hanood , Hattab Suhaib , Abdallah Samer
Published: October 2020

Background: Gundelia (G.) tournefortii is one of the most famous plants used in Palestine for its traditional curative and nutritive properties. We evaluated effects of Gundelia (G.) tournefortii aqueous-extract in an ex-vivo and in in-vivo animal model of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods: HCC cell-line (Hep3B) were injected in the back of male mice on NOD.CB17-Prkdc-scid/NCrHsD background. Tumor size, serum a-fetoprotein (αFP) and Glypican-3 (GPC3) were assessed at day 2 following HCC injections till day-12. G. tournifortii extracts were injected i.p at day 10 in HCC mice. Liver histology, hepatic-p53, p-Akt and p-PI3K expressions were evaluated. Primary-hepatocytes from HCC mice were ex-vivo treated with G. tournifortii and investigated for perturbation of the DNA cell cycle using propidium iodide (PI) staining assay, while apoptosis was estimated by staining with Annexin-V and PI by the flow cytometry.Results: Tumor mass increase in animals with HCC and was associated with elevated aFP and GPC3 (P<0.05). Mice receiving G. tournefortii extracts showed a significant decrease in tumor at days 12 with decreased hepatic-p53 and phosphorylated Akt/PI3K signaling pathway (p=0.001). Histology H&E staining showed remarkable reduction in inflammatory lesions in HCC livers receiving G. tournifortii extracts in line with delay in G2-M phase of HCC-primary-hepatocytes to 1.39-folds. Moreover, apoptotic activity was mostly enhanced by the 200mg/ml G. tournifortii extracts while a reduction of HCC necrosis to 2.4 fold (P<0.01).Conclusions: Our results explored an anti-cancer, anti-proliferative and apoptotic effects of G. tournifortii in an HCC mice model and in an ex-vivo setting. G. tournifortii could be a promising future cancer remedy.
A Validation Study Comparing Existing Prediction Models of Acute Kidney Injury in Patients with Acute Heart Failure: A Multi-Institution Database Study in Taiwan
Authors: Lee Tao Han , Fan Pei-Chun , Chen Jia-Jin , Wu Victor Chien‐Chia , Lee Cheng-Chia , Yen Chieh-Li , Kuo George , Hsu Hsiang-Hao , Tian Ya-Chung , Chang Chih-Hsiang
Published: October 2020

Background:Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in hospitalized acute heart failure (AHF) patients and is associated with prolonged hospitalization, increased readmission rates, and mortality. The aim of this study was to externally validate existing prediction models of AKI in patients with AHF.Methods:A total of 10,364 patients hospitalized for acute heart failure (AHF) between 2008 and 2018 were extracted from the Chang Gung Research Database and analyzed. The primary outcome of interest was AKI, defined according to the KDIGO definition. We also extended the existing prediction models to predict AKI stage 3 and dialysis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUC) curve was used to assess the discrimination performance of each prediction model. Results:Five existing prediction models were externally validated, with the AUCs for AKI prediction ranging from 0.543 to 0.73. These prediction models also performed well in serious AKI event prediction, with AUCs of 0.565–0.858 for predicting AKI stage 3 and AUCs of 0.539–0.845 for predicting dialysis within 7 days. Among the five models, the Forman risk score and the prediction model reported by Wang et al. showed the most favorable discrimination and calibration performance. The Forman risk score had AUCs for discriminating AKI, AKI stage 3, and dialysis within 7 days of 0.696, 0.829, and 0.817, respectively. The Wang et al. model had AUCs for discriminating AKI, AKI stage 3, and dialysis within 7 days of 0.73, 0.858, and 0.845, respectively. Conclusion:The Forman risk score and the Wang et al. prediction model are simple and accurate tools for predicting AKI and serious AKI events in patients with AHF. They can aid clinicians in evaluating the risk of AKI in these patients and in planning and initiating adequate disease management in a timely manner.
Diaphragm Paralysis After Cardiac Surgery: A Frequent Cause of Post-Operative Respiratory Failure
Authors: LAGHLAM Driss , Lê Minh-Pierre , Sr Alexandre , Monsonego Raphael , Estagnasié Philippe , Brusset Alain , Squara Pierre
Published: October 2020

BackgroundDiaphragmatic dysfunction (DD) is found in 1.2-60% of patients after cardiac surgery. The aim of this study was to reinvestigate the incidence, risk factors and outcomes of DD with actual cardiac surgery procedures.MethodsThis is an observational study based on a prospectively collected database in one cardiac surgery centre. The DD group included patients with clinically perceptible diaphragmatic paralysis, which was confirmed by chest ultrasound (amplitude of the diaphragm movement in time-motion mode [TM] at rest, after a sniff test). The primary endpoint was the incidence of DD. ResultsA total of 3577 patients were included between January 2016 and September 2019. We found 272 cases of DD (7.6%). Individuals with DD had more arterial hypertension (64.3% vs. 52.6%; p<0.0001), higher body mass index (BMI) (28[25–30] kg/m2 vs. 26[24-29] kg/m2; p<0.0002) and higher incidence of coronary bypass grafting (58.8% vs. 46.6%; p=0.0001). DD was associated with more postoperative pneumonia (23.9% vs. 8.7%; p<0.0001), reintubation (8.8% vs. 2.9%; p<0.0001), tracheotomy (3.3% vs. 0.3%; p<0.0001), non-invasive ventilation (45.6% vs. 5.4%; p<0.0001), duration of mechanical ventilation (5[4-11] h vs. 4[3-6] h; p<0.0001), and ICU and hospital stays (14[11-17] days vs. 13[11–16] days; p<0.0001). In multivariate analysis, DD was associated with coronary artery bypass grafting (OR=1.9[1.5-2.6]; p=0.0001), arterial hypertension (OR=1.4[1.1- 1.9]; p=0.008), and BMI (OR per point =1.04[1.01-1.07] kg/m2; p=0.003).ConclusionThe incidence of symptomatic DD after cardiac surgery was 7.6%, leading to respiratory complications and increased ICU stay. Coronary bypass grafting was the principal factor associated with DD.
Use of Borehole Seismometers in Earthquake Monitoring at the Baribis Fault Leading to Jakarta, Western Java
Authors: Damanik Ruben , Widiyantoro Sri , Supendi Pepen , Husni Yayan M. , Zulfakriza Z. , Sahara David P. , Gunawan Endra , Ardianto A.
Published: October 2020

The region of Jakarta and its vicinity is one of the least understood geological domains in Java Island, Indonesia. Yet, the region is one of the few places which are often impacted by earthquakes from the Indo-Australian Plate subduction zone as well as on land active faults. In this study, a borehole seismic experiment was designed to unravel the seismic activity of the Baribis Fault, which continues and leads to Jakarta. This passive source experiment was composed of seven broadband instruments that extended across the Jakarta region and surrounding areas. The experiment recorded seismic data from the end of July 2019 to August 2020. We located 91 events of hypocenter location determination of the data recording; one event was located closely to the Baribis Fault line that continues to Jakarta and was felt in Bekasi (Southeast of Jakarta) at up to II-III on the Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) scale. The focal mechanism solution of this event shows an oblique thrust fault type. This event is evidence that the Baribis Fault is active.
Toxicity and Tissue Accumulation Characteristics of the Herbicide Pendimethalin in Ginger (Zingiber Officinale Roscoe)
Authors: Lv Yao , Li Yanyan , Liu Xiaohui , Xu Kun
Published: October 2020

BackgroundEnvironmental health and food safety issues potentially caused by the dinitroaniline herbicide pendimethalin are a worldwide concern. Due to its importance for crop plants, the determination of possible toxicity and accumulation characteristics of pendimethalin in ginger should be determined. ResultsThe toxicity response of ginger and tissue accumulation effects of pendimethalin on ginger biomass were studied by utilizing pendimethalin in a dose-response study. No significant effect on ginger biomass is observed when the concentration of pendimethalin used is less than 6.7 ppm, while > 10 ppm pendimethalin significantly reduces the biomass of ginger. This is attributed to root damage. The net photosynthetic rate of ginger when treated with 16.7 ppm pendimethalin is 11.37% lower than that of the control organisms, which is mainly caused by stomatal limitation. In addition, high-dose pendimethalin (16.7 ppm) causes the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in ginger. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase increases accordingly, maintaining the dynamic balance of ROS content. There is no significant effect on malondialdehyde levels or on membrane permeability. Pendimethalin has no significant effect on the expression of ginger α-tubulin mRNA. The damage of high-dose (16.7 ppm) pendimethalin to ginger is mainly caused by oxidative stress. Pendimethalin is significantly accumulated in ginger roots, but not rhizomes. ConclusionsBecause of this, application of pendimethalin to treat weeds in ginger fields may not pose a threat to human health.
Wildfire Events at the Triassic-Jurassic Boundary of the Tabas Basin, Central Iran
Authors: Alipour Majid M , Alizadeh Bahram , Jahangard AmirAbbas , GandomiSani AhmadReza
Published: October 2020

This paper presents organic geochemical evidence pointing to the occurrence of wildfire events at the Triassic-Jurassic boundary in Central Iran. The studied outcrop section (the Kamarmacheh Kuh section) is comprised of the Upper Triassic Nayband Formation which passes conformably into the Lower Jurassic Ab-e-Haji Formation with no sharp boundary. Organic petrographical studies reveal a higher concentration of semi-fusinite macerals and microscopic charcoal at the boundary between studied formations. This observation can be an evidence for widespread wildfire events at the Triassic-Jurassic boundary of the studied area. Following these fires, vast areas of land were exposed for erosion and large volumes of clastic sediments were provided due to increased run-off. This agrees well with previous sedimentological and stratigraphical studies suggesting a major change in the depositional conditions from marine to non-marine at the Triassic-Jurassic boundary of the Tabas Basin. These findings can have important implications about paleo-depositional settings of the studied formations and the nature of the associated organic matter.
E2F2 inhibition induces autophagy to impair metastasis via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in gastric cancer
Authors: Li Hui , Zhao Shufen , Shen Liwei , Wang Peige , Liu Shihai , Ma Yingji , Liang Zhiwei , Wang Gongjun , Lv Jing , Qiu Wensheng
Published: October 2020

Background: E2F2 is a member of the E2F family of transcription factors with important yet incompletely understood biological functions in cancer. In some cancer types, controversial tumor-promoting and tumor-suppressive roles of E2F2 have been reported. However, the biological role of E2F2 in gastric cancer (GC) remains to be determined. Methods: We analyzed E2F2 expression via multiple gene expression databases. The prognostic value of the E2F2 was determined by Kaplan-Meier Plotter and Cox regression. The correlations between E2F2 and cancer immune infiltrates were investigated via Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER). The functions and pathways of E2F2 and its 50 frequently changed genes closely associated with the family members were analyzed using Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID) software. We used immunohistochemistry (IHC), quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and western blot to verify the expression level of E2F2 in GC and further studied the effects of E2F2 on PI3K/Akt/mTOR activity; GC cell autophagy, migration, and invasion through wound healing assays, transwell assays, Western blotting, and transmission electron microscopy.Results: We observed that compared with normal gastric tissues/cells, E2F2 is highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and cells in both the public datasets and in our experimental verification. High E2F2 expression was associated with poorer overall survival (OS). Moreover, E2F2 expression showed strong correlations with diverse immune marker sets in GC. Moreover, E2F2 overexpression promoted GC cell migration and invasion in vitro by inactivating PI3K/Akt/mTOR-mediated autophagy. Conversely, E2F2 inhibition suppressed GC cell migration and invasion in vitro by activating PI3K/Akt/mTOR-mediated autophagy.Conclusions: In conclusion, this study provides multi-level evidence for the importance of E2F2 in gastric carcinogenesis and its potential as a biomarker in GC. We demonstrated that E2F2 is overexpressed in GC and that high E2F2 expression is associated with aggressive tumor features and poorer patient prognosis. Further, our results suggest a potential novel immune regulatory role of E2F2 in tumor immunity. Functionally, we discovered a new role of E2F2 in regulating PI3K/Akt/mTOR-mediated autophagy and the downstream processes of cell migration and invasion. Our results could potentially reveal new targets and strategies for GC diagnosis and treatment.
C1QBP regulates apoptosis of renal cell carcinoma via modulating xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) mediated ROS generation
Authors: Wang Yiting , Cui Qiqi , Wang Chao , Liu Shuang , Du Runxuan , Tian Shaoping , Chen Ruibing , Niu Yuanjie , Wang Yong , Yue Dan
Published: October 2020

Background Complement component 1 Q subcomponent binding protein (C1QBP) is a multifunctional protein and plays a vital role in the progression and metabolism of cancer. Our previous study has revealed that the low expression of C1QBP in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and knockdown of C1QBP promotes the adhesion and invasion of RCC cells. However, its functions in the metabolism, oxidative stress and apoptosis of RCC cells have not yet been explored. Methods Metabolomics assay was applied to investigate the role of C1QBP in RCC metabolism. C1QBP knockdown and overexpression cells were established via lentiviral infection and subjected to apoptosis and ROS assay in vitro. RNA stability assay and pre-mRNA detection were applied to characterize the mechanism of C1QBP regulating XDH transcription. In vivo, orthotopic tumor xenografts assay was performed to investigate the role of C1QBP progression. Results Metabolomics investigations revealed that C1QBP dramatically diminished the hypoxanthine content in RCC cells. C1QBP promoted the mRNA and protein expression of hypoxanthine catabolic enzyme xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH). Meanwhile, C1QBP regulated the expression of XDH gene at the pre-transcriptional level by regulating XDH transcriptional stimulators IL-6, TNF-α and IFN-γ. Moreover, the expression of C1QBP and XDH was lower in RCC tumors compared with the para-tumor normal tissues, and their down-regulation was associated with higher levels of Fuhrman grade. In RCC cells, C1QBP significantly increased produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, apoptosis, and the expression of apoptotic proteins cleaved caspase-3 and bax/bcl2 via regulating XDH.Conclusions C1QBP promotes the catabolism of hypoxanthine and elevates the apoptosis of RCC cells by modulating XDH-mediated ROS generation.
Coexistence of Mother Overweight and Stunting Children Within the Same Household in West Africa : Associated Factors
Authors: TRAORE Stanislav Seydou , Amoah Adwoa Nyantakyiwaa , Zhang Han , Hu Youchun , Lyu Quanjun
Published: October 2020

BackgroundThe double burden of malnutrition is the new reality in many low- and middle-income countries. Updating and meeting the challenge of double burdens on vulnerable people is essential to ensure healthy growth. This study is to explore the individual or household factors that may be associated with coexistence of mother overweight and stunting children within the same household (MOSC) in the West African countries. Besides, we sought to examine its prevalence using data from national surveys.Methods: We used nationally representative data from the Demographic and Health Survey of 11 West African countries. Data years range from 2012 to 2014. We used logistic regression to explore the association between the occurrence of coexistence of mother overweight and stunting children within the same household and individual or household factors. Logistic regression was performed on the pooled data to allow comparison between countries ranked by gross national income. Results: The Prevalence of MOSC was higher in Benin 11.52% (95%CI, 10.61-12.43), the lowest proportion was in Togo and Guinea [4.83% (95%CI, 3.88-5.77), 4.48% (95%CI, 3.57-5.40), respectively]. Women who did not receive antenatal cares were associated with higher odds of MOSC occurrence compared to those who received more than 4 antenatal cares in all countries except Gambia, this association was significant in 7 countries among which the MOSC in Ghana was four times more likely to occur in women who did not receive antenatal care compared to more than 4 antenatal cares [odds ratio (95%CI): 4.936 (2.701-9.019)]. Children over 24 months of age were significantly associated with higher odds of MOSC occurrence compared to under 24 months in all countries except Sierra Leone [odds ratio (95%CI): 1.215 (0.867-1.703)]. Conclusions: In this study, none of the individual and household factors were strongly associated in the same way with MOSC occurrence in West African countries, they varied considerably between national databases and independent of national income per capita. However, Children's age and antenatal cares were the two covariates strongly associated with MOSC occurrence in most countries.
Significance of a Preoperative Systemic Immune-inflammation Index as a Predictor of Postoperative Survival Outcomes in Gastric Cancer
Authors: Inoue Hiroyuki , Kosuga Toshiyuki , Kubota Takeshi , Konishi Hirotaka , Shiozaki Atsushi , Okamoto Kazuma , Fujiwara Hitoshi , Otsuji Eigo
Published: October 2020

Background Since inflammation and the immune system contribute to the development and progression of malignancies, parameters that reflect a host’s immune-inflammatory status may be useful prognostic indicators of gastric cancer (GC). The present study examined the clinical significance of a preoperative systemic immune-inﬂammation index (SII) for predicting postoperative survival outcomes in GC.Methods A total of 447 patients who underwent curative gastrectomy for GC were included in the present study. SII was calculated as platelet count × neutrophil count/lymphocyte count. The prognostic impact of preoperative SII was examined using univariate and multivariate analyses.Results Preoperative SII ranged between 105 and 4455 (median 474), and the optimal cut-off value for predicting overall survival (OS) was 395 based on a receiver operating characteristic curve. The 5-year OS rate of the SII≥395 group was 80.0%, which was significantly worse than that (92.7%) of the SII<395 group (p<0.001). The multivariate analysis identified SII≥395 (Hazard ratio [HR] 3.016; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.593-6.262; p<0.001), carcinoembryonic antigen≥5.0 (HR 2.224, 95% CI 1.128-4.100), pT4 (HR 4.554, 95% CI 2.525-8.234), and pN+ (HR 3.621, 95% CI 1.916-7.074) as independent predictors of worse OS. Peritoneal recurrence was more frequent in the high SII group than in the low SII group (p=0.028).Conclusion Preoperative SII may be a useful predictor of postoperative survival outcomes in GC. The meticulous surveillance of GC relapse, particularly peritoneal dissemination, is necessary for patients with SII≥395 even after curative gastrectomy.
Oxymatrine Improves the Integrity of the Blood-brain Barrier After Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion Injury Through the Caveolin-1/MMP-9 Signaling Pathway
Authors: Yu Jiaoyan , Lu Qingqing , Li Xi , Zhao Mei , Sun Ting , Hu Na , Jiang Wei , Zhang Ruitao , Yang Peng , yang qi
Published: October 2020

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a major neurological disease worldwide and is associated with extremely high morbidity and mortality. Oxymatrine (OMT) has neuroprotective properties and protects against IS. However, whether its protective effect involves the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity is unknown. In this study, we used in vivo and in vitro models of IS to evaluate the protective effect of OMT and its mechanism with regard to the BBB. Our results showed that OMT significantly improved the neurological function and brain state and reduced BBB permeability in a mouse model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Additionally, OMT improved the tight junction of bEend.3 cells under oxygen-glucose deprivation. Moreover, intracranial lentivirus injection-induced Cav-1 knockdown reduced the neuroprotective effects of OMT. Our results indicated that OMT could improve cI/R injury-induced damage to the BBB, and its effects may be related to the regulation of the Cav-1/MMP-9 signaling pathway. This suggests that OMT may offer effective protection against BBB injury after cI/R.
THE USE OF THE METHODS OF EXTRACORPORAL HEMOCORRECTION IN COMPLEX TREATMENT OF MALIGNANT TUMORS AND REHABILITATION OF CANCER PATIENT
Authors: Gilmutdinova I. R. , Eremin P. S. , Fesyun A. D. , Butenko A. V.
Published: October 2020

The purpose of the study was to analyze literature data on the use of extracorporal hemocorrection as a pathogenetically significant component of rehabilitation for cancer patients.

Material and Methods. Literature search was carried out using keywords: rehabilitation of cancer patients, plasmapheresis, extracorporeal hemocorrection, hemodialysis. Out of 250 selected articles, 42 were used to write a review.

Results. Methods of extracorporeal hemocorrection are successfully used in the treatment of a wide range of diseases; therefore, the feasibility of applying these methods for rehabilitation of cancer patients is being studied. The review presents literature data on the feasibility of using the methods of extracorporal hemocorrection methods to compensate for the pathophysiological processes related to cancer development.

Conclusion. The analysis shows that a positive experience of using the methods of extracorporal hemocorrection for rehabilitation of cancer patients has been gained. However, no clear criteria for the application of these methods and for the assessment of their effectiveness have been developed.
ARTERIAL RESECTION IN PANCREATIC CANCER SURGERY: A SINGLE-CENTER EXPERIENC
Authors: Сhichevatov D. A. , Kalentev V. V. , Glukhov A. E.
Published: October 2020

Pancreaticoduodenal resection (PDR) with vascular reconstruction is performed in approximately 20 % of pancreatic cancer patients. The superior mesenteric vein resection and reconstruction has become a standard routine surgery, whereas arterial resection during pancreatic surgery is still an issue of controversial debate.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate short-and long-term outcomes of PDR with reconstruction of various arteries.

Material and Methods. Outcomes of 89 PDRs and pancreaticoduodenectomies performed in patients with stage II–IV periampullary carcinoma were assessed. The average age of the patients was 63.1 ± 8.2. There were 18 (20.2 %) PDRs with vascular reconstruction, of them 7 (7.8 %) were arterial resections.

Results. In patients who underwent artery resection (n=7), complications were observed in 5 (71.4 %) cases. Out of 71 patients who underwent PDR without arterial and/or venous resection, 29 (40.8 %) had complications (p=0.229). The postoperative mortality rates were 1 (14.3 %) and 3 (4.2 %), respectively (p=0.319). The median disease-free survival was 5.0 months (95 % CI 2.4–7.6 months) in the arterial resection group and 12.3 months (95 % CI 9.2–15.4 months) in the standard surgery group (log-rank test, p=0,011). The median overall survival was 8.0 months (95 % CI 3.7–12.3 months) in the in the arterial resection group and 21.8 months (95 % CI 15.9–27.7 months) in the standard surgery group (log-rank test, p=0.011).

Conclusion. The disease-free and overall survival rates were significantly worse in the arterial resection group than in the standard surgery group. This is most likely due to a small sample of patients. Further studies are needed to analyze the immediate and long-term treatment outcomes of PDR with arterial resection for pancreatic cancer.
Analysis of Heat Demand and Thermal Comfort in Naturally Ventilated Single-Family Houses of Various Constructions
Authors: FERDYN-GRYGIEREK Joanna , GRYGIEREK Krzysztof , GUMIŃSKA Anna , BARAN Łukasz , BARWA Magdalena , CZERW Kamila , GOWIK Paulina , MAKSELAN Klaudia , POTYKA Klaudia , PSIKUTA Agnes
Published: October 2020

The aim of the paper was a comparative analysis of energy demand for heating and human thermal comfort of a model single-family house with natural ventilation in various construction technologies (wood and brick), located in the Polish temperate climate. The frequency, as well as, the window opening area in the building have been optimized taking into account two objective functions: heating demand and number of thermal discomfort hours. The analyses were based on thermal simulations using the EnergyPlus program on the nine-zone model of the selected house. Each building construction case was calculated for two variants of external partitions insulation. The thermal model, separately for each zone, contained hourly internal heat gain schedules. All simulations were carried out with a 15-minute step for the full calendar year. Analyzes have shown that the heating demand for a building made in wooden technology is higher than a building in brick technology. The wooden building has a greater number of thermal discomfort hours. Increasing the insulation properties of the house increases the number of hours of discomfort.
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LA TEORÍA PLURIDIMENSIONAL DEL DERECHO
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EL ÉXITO DE LA REFORMA PROCESAL PENAL DEPENDE DE UNA IMPLEMENTACIÓN ADECUADA
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LOS MEDIOS IMPUGNATORIOS EN El PROCESO PENAL
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Los PRINCIPIOS INTERNACIONALES DE LA PROTECCIÓN AMBIENTAL
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Aspectos fundamentales del resarcimiento económico del daño causado por el delito
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El Exégeta José Silva Santisteban y su Compendio de derecho peruano
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El ambiente sano en Latinoamérica un derecho fundamental
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El reparto de competencias autonómicas departamentales: análisis y perspectivas a la luz de la Constitución boliviana
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Ejecución de la sentencia penal en los distritos jurídicos no sujetos de aplicación progresiva del nuevo ordenamiento adjetivo
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El Pleno Casatorio Análisis crítico a propósito de la ley 39864 modificatoria del art. 400 del Código Civil: ¿el remedio es peor que la enfermedad?
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Published: October 2020

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La Compraventa y su implicancia en la sociedad de gananciales enmarcada en el Código Sustantivo Civil
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Published: October 2020

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