bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Three Quenched, Faint Dwarf Galaxies in the Direction of NGC 300: New Probes of Reionization and Internal Feedback
Authors: Sand David J. , Mutlu-Pakdil Burçin , Jones Michael G. , Karunakaran Ananthan , Andrews Jennifer E. , Bennet Paul , Crnojević Denija , Donatiello Giuseppe , Drlica-Wagner Alex , Fielder Catherine , Martínez-Delgado David , Martínez-Vázquez Clara E. , Spekkens Kristine , Doliva-Dolinsky Amandine , Hunter Laura C. , Carlin Jeffrey L. , Cerny William , Hai Tehreem N. , McQuinn Kristen B.W. , Pace Andrew B. , Smercina Adam
Published: December 2024

We report the discovery of three faint and ultrafaint dwarf galaxies—Sculptor A, Sculptor B, and Sculptor C—in the direction of NGC 300 (D = 2.0 Mpc), a Large Magellanic Cloud–mass galaxy. Deep ground-based imaging with Gemini/GMOS resolves all three dwarf galaxies into stars, each displaying a red giant branch indicative of an old, metal-poor stellar population. No young stars or H i gas are apparent, and the lack of a GALEX UV detection suggests that all three systems are quenched. Sculptor C (D = 2.04

−
0.13

+
0.10

Mpc; M

V
=  −9.1 ± 0.1 mag or L

V
= (3.7

−
0.3

+
0.4

) × 105
L
⊙) is consistent with being a satellite of NGC 300. Sculptor A (D = 1.35

−
0.08

+
0.22

Mpc; M

V
= −6.9 ± 0.3 mag or L

V
= (5

−
1

+
1

) × 104
L
⊙) is likely in the foreground of NGC 300 and at the extreme edge of the Local Group, analogous to the recently discovered ultrafaint Tucana B in terms of its physical properties and environment. Sculptor B (D = 2.48

−
0.24

+
0.21

Mpc; M

V
= −8.1 ± 0.3 mag or L

V
= (1.5

−
0.4

+
0.5

) × 105
L
⊙) is likely in the background, but future distance measurements are necessary to solidify this statement. It is also of interest due to its quiescent state and low stellar mass. Both Sculptor A and B are ≳2–4 r
vir from NGC 300 itself. The discovery of three dwarf galaxies in isolated or low-density environments offers an opportunity to study the varying effects of ram-pressure stripping, reionization, and internal feedback in influencing the star formation history of the faintest stellar systems.
Highlighting chromosomal rearrangements of five species of Galliformes (Domestic fowl, Common and Japanese quail, Barbary and Chukar partridge) and the Houbara bustard, an endangered Otidiformes: banding cytogenetic is a powerful tool
Authors: Kartout-Benmessaoud Yasmine , Ouchia-Benissad Siham , Mahiddine-Aoudjit Leila , Ladjali-Mohammedi Kafia
Published: December 2024

Birds are one of the most diverse groups among terrestrial vertebrates. They evolved from theropod dinosaurs, are closely related to the sauropsid group and separated from crocodiles about 240 million years ago. According to the IUCN, 12% of bird populations are threatened with potential extinction. Classical cytogenetics remains a powerful tool for comparing bird genomes and plays a crucial role in the preservation populations of endangered species. It thus makes it possible to detect chromosomal abnormalities responsible for early embryonic mortalities. Thus, in this work, we have provided new information on part of the evolutionary history by analysing high-resolution GTG-banded chromosomes to detect inter- and intrachromosomal rearrangements in six species. Indeed, the first eight autosomal pairs and the sex chromosomes of the domestic fowl Gallus gallus domesticus Linnaeus, 1758 were compared with five species, four of which represent the order Galliformes (Common and Japanese quail, Gambras and Chukar partridge) and one Otidiformes species (Houbara bustard).

Our findings suggest a high degree of conservation of the analysed ancestral chromosomes of the four Galliformes species, with the exception of (double, terminal, para and pericentric) inversions, deletion and the formation of neocentromeres (1, 2, 4, 7, 8, Z and W chromosomes). In addition to the detected rearrangements, reorganisation of the Houbara bustard chromosomes mainly included fusions and fissions involving both macro- and microchromosomes (especially on 2, 4 and Z chromosomes). We also found interchromosomal rearrangements involving shared microchromosomes (10, 11, 13, 14 and 19) between the two analysed avian orders. These rearrangements confirm that the structure of avian karyotypes will be more conserved at the interchromosomal but not at intrachromosomal scale.

The appearance ofa small number of inter- and intrachromosomal rearrangements that occurred during evolution suggests a high degree of conservatism of genome organisation in these six species studied. A summary diagram of the rearrangements detected in this study is proposed to explain the chronology of the appearance of various evolutionary events starting from the ancestral karyotype.
Four new species of Tapinocyba Simon, 1884 (Araneae, Linyphiidae) from Jiangjin District of Chongqing, China
Authors: Irfan Muhammad , Yun Dai , Lu-Yu Wang , Zhi-Sheng Zhang
Published: December 2024

Four new species of the genus Tapinocyba Simon, 1884 are described from Jiangjin, Chongqing: T. centralissp. nov. (♂), T. denticulatasp. nov. (♂♀), T. triangularissp. nov. (♂♀), and T. virgasp. nov. (♂♀). The new species exhibit distinctive genital features, such as a bifurcated embolus tip in the male palp of T. denticulatasp. nov. and T. virgasp. nov., and embolus tip unbifurcated in T. centralissp. nov. The epigynes display more unique characteristics, such as epigynal plate with a pit ventrally on its frontal face in T. triangularissp. nov. and T. virgasp. nov., which is absent in all other known Tapinocyba species. Detailed descriptions, along with photographs of genital characters, somatic features, and a distribution map, are provided.
Innovation Booster Technologie et Handicap
Authors: Knecht Violaine , Fragnière Emmanuel , Pecoraro David , Rivier Laurent , Saugy Alain
Published: December 2024

Depuis sa création en 1979, la Fondation pour la Recherche en faveur des personnes Handicapées (FRH) s’est engagée dans une mission essentielle : combler les lacunes en matière de recherche et de développement dans le domaine du handicap. Au fil des décennies, la FRH a évolué pour répondre aux besoins changeants de la communauté des personnes en situation de handicap (PSH), cherchant à professionnaliser les méthodes d’enseignement, à encourager l’innovation et à promouvoir l’autonomie et l’inclusion. Aujourd’hui, le rôle du Conseil de Fondation de la FRH dans la stratégie de l’Innovation Booster Technologie et Handicap (IBTH) incarne l’engagement continu de la FRH en faveur de l’inclusion et de l’innovation. Cette collaboration stratégique avec des partenaires clés, tels que la HES-SO Valais-Wallis, et le soutien financier crucial offert aux projets d’innovation témoignent de la détermination de la FRH à relever les défis actuels et à façonner un avenir plus inclusif pour les PSH. Dans ce texte, nous explorons le rôle central du Conseil de Fondation de la FRH dans la gouvernance et la stratégie de l’IBTH, ainsi que les initiatives innovantes mises en œuvre pour assurer la continuité et maximiser l’impact de ses actions.
Innovation Booster Technologie et Handicap
Authors: Ehrenzeller Luisa , Bovigny-Sandoz Sarah , Nanchen Benjamin , Saviozzi Cristina
Published: December 2024

Ce texte décrit le fonctionnement du programme Innovation Booster Technologie et Handicap (IBTH). Dans la première partie, le dispositif de l’IBTH en 9 étapes est présenté. Le déroulement des appels à projets est ensuite décrit de manière détaillée. La dernière partie présente des faits et chiffres liés à l’IBTH, décrivant notamment les parties prenantes impliquées dans le programme, les événements organisés, les projets déposés et les projets soutenus ainsi que les publications.
Innovation Booster Technologie et Handicap
Authors: Darbellay Anne , Bürki Florian
Published: December 2024

Des actrices et acteurs du monde privé, public et académique se sont réunis le 3 novembre 2022 lors d’un atelier traitant de l’accessibilité numérique. Organisé par l’eGov Innovation Center, cet atelier a réuni six institutions et entreprises multidisciplinaires autour de cette thématique. Softcom Technologies et Liip AG ont présenté la norme principale eCH 0059, ainsi qu’une démonstration d’accessibilité sur Internet mettant en lumière les bonnes et mauvaises pratiques en la matière. Un expert en accessibilité numérique de l’État de Genève a exposé les problématiques liées à un site web inaccessible pour les personnes en situation de handicap visuel. Les apports de la recherche scientifique répondant à cette problématique ont également été introduits par la Haute école de gestion Arc (Neuchâtel). Finalement, une présentation du programme Innovation Booster Technologie et Handicap (IBTH), et plus particulièrement du projet de recherche e-Services TSA, a été effectuée par Nevena Dimitrova et Sylvie Ray-Kaeser, de la Haute École de Travail Social et de la Santé Lausanne. Ce projet a été retenu dans le cadre du programme IBTH.
L’agriculture sous serre dans la Bande de Gaza : une voie d’émancipation brisée
Authors: Al-Najar Husam , Calais Damien , Al-Najar Husam
Published: December 2024

La Bande de Gaza a opéré un tournant vers l’agriculture intensive qui s’est matérialisé par la multiplication des serres en milieu urbain. Cette mutation a contribué à réduire la pauvreté et le chômage et a été financée à ce titre par de nombreux bailleurs de fonds internationaux. Sa viabilité est cependant menacée par la profonde crise environnementale due aux répercussions du conflit israélo-palestinien. Ce conflit a pris une ampleur inédite depuis le 7 octobre 2023 et a d’ores et déjà entraîné la destruction d’une majeure partie des capacités productives. Au prisme du débat sur le concept d’empowerment, cet article entend montrer que l’émancipation politique est le préalable à un développement agricole pérenne dans la Bande de Gaza, une évidence qui s’impose aujourd’hui avec une violence inouïe et dont le cadre de réalisation reste à inventer.
La préparation physique des sports collectifs
Authors: Aloui Ghaith , Yosser H Charni , Ben abderrahman Abderraouf , Chelly Mohamed Souhaiel
Published: December 2024

L’atteinte d’une performance optimale en basketball est dépendante de plusieurs facteurs. Outre les aspects tactiques, techniques ou mentaux, les qualités physiques et physiologiques représentent des paramètres clefs de la performance. Néanmoins, l’évolution permanente du règlement du basketball et des styles de jeux a entraîné une intensification des exigences physiques accompagnée d’un accroissement du risque de blessures.C’est dans cette optique que s’inscrit le rôle du préparateur physique qui consiste à concilier, à travers ces différents éléments, gain de performance avec prévention contre les blessures. Son action s’inscrit tant dans l’évaluation des qualités physiques, que dans la planification, la quantification et le contrôle de la charge de l’entraînement afin qu’elle s’aligne parfaitement avec la demande du jeu réel, tout en prenant en considération les spécificités de la discipline en question, la période de l’année, mais surtout les caractéristiques et l’état individuels de chaque joueur. Cependant, selon les phases de la saison, l’intervention du préparateur sera plus ou moins conséquente, mais il pourra lors de chaque phase mettre l’accent sur tel ou tel paramètre sans pour autant altérer la performance.
La préparation physique des sports collectifs
Authors: Maurelli Olivier , Renouf Fabien , Guillaume Jean-pierre , Prioux Jacques
Published: December 2024

Le handball est un sport collectif intermittent qui se caractérise par une alternance d’efforts à haute intensité, d’efforts modérés et de temps de récupération. La spécificité des postes en attaque et en défense nécessite une analyse différenciée. La répétition des efforts intenses impose une préparation physique adaptée et individualisée dans un but d’amélioration de la performance et de limitation du nombre de blessures.
Catholiques et politique aux États-Unis
Authors: Chelini-Pont Blandine
Published: December 2024

Une frange catholique radicale rejoint une mouvance fondamentaliste de l’évangélisme dans la revendication d’une identité nationale ethno-religieuse aux États-Unis. L’émergence de courants ultraconservateurs ne doit pas dissimuler la grande pluralité politique des catholiques américains lors des dernières élections. Pour la comprendre, il faut revenir à l’histoire, en particulier la rupture des années 1970 et la sensibilité croissante pour les questions « sociétales » qui provoque une forte polarisation.
The Market Timing of Mergers and Acquisitions – Evidence from Ramadan
Authors: Bollaert Helen , Ahmad Muhammad Farooq
Published: December 2024

Nous étudions les stratégies de timing de marché par les dirigeants d'entreprise. Pendant le Ramadan, la surévaluation perçue des entreprises peut inciter les dirigeants à choisir cette période pour réaliser des acquisitions. Nous constatons que, conformément à l'hypothèse de timing de marché, l'activité cumulée des fusions et acquisitions est plus élevée en moyenne pendant le Ramadan, les dirigeants sont moins susceptibles d'écouter le marché et la performance post-acquisition est plus faible. Des analyses supplémentaires montrent des résultats différents pour les trois principaux pays de fusions et acquisitions de notre échantillon. Les résultats pour la Malaisie témoignent d'une stratégie de timing de marché désavantageuse pendant le Ramadan : pour les transactions annoncées pendant cette période, les dirigeants sont moins susceptibles d'écouter le marché, la probabilité de paiement en actions est plus élevée ainsi que la probabilité d'achèvement de l'opération, et la performance opérationnelle post-fusion est moins bonne. En revanche, il n'y a pas de preuve de timing de marché en Turquie et en Arabie saoudite. Nous sommes amenés à interpréter les résultats pour ces deux derniers pays comme étant cohérents avec le sentiment religieux conduisant à des transactions de meilleure qualité pendant le Ramadan.
Géométrie complexe I
Authors: Norguet François
Published: December 2024

Abordée à l’époque de Poincaré, l’extension à plusieurs variables de la théorie des résidus de Cauchy doit à H. Poincaré lui-même le début d’un développement qui ne s’est précisé qu’à partir des travaux de J. Leray, intégrant le langage et les méthodes de la topologie algébrique, des idées essentielles de G. De Rham et des expériences réalisées depuis les années trente.
Participation budgétaire, incertitude environnementale et performance : une étude transversale aux États-Unis d’Amérique
Authors: Kaboré Rimvie Enoc , Kaboré Cédric Ghislain
Published: December 2024

Cette étude analyse les liens entre la participation budgétaire, l’incertitude environnementale et la performance dans l’industrie hôtelière des États-Unis d’Amérique. Elle s’appuie sur la théorie de la contingence, et analyse 204 réponses de managers d’hôtels par la méthode d’équation structurelle. Les résultats fournissent trois contributions majeures. D’abord, la relation entre la participation budgétaire et la performance est positive et significative. Ensuite, dans un contexte d’incertitude élevée, la participation budgétaire est associée à une meilleure performance des managers. Enfin les résultats soulignent l’importance de la participation budgétaire dans la gestion des incertitudes et dans l’amélioration de la performance dans l’industrie hôtelière.
Sociolinguistique insulaire : avantages et désavantages d’être une île
Authors: Feytor Pinto Paulo
Published: December 2024

Les îles Bijagos, en Guinée-Bissau, sont le seul territoire lusophone au monde où une langue maternelle africaine fait partie du programme ordinaire de l’enseignement secondaire. Cette langue est le guinéen, un créole à base lexicale portugaise généralement appelé kriol (créole) ou kriol guinensi (créole guinéen), utilisé comme matière facultative, entre la 7 e et la 12 e année de scolarité, au lycée de Bubaque, fréquentée par des jeunes qui, pendant six années d’éducation de base, ont été scolarisés également en guinéen et en portugais. Dans ce chapitre, après avoir exposé le contexte sociolinguistique des îles et de ce petit pays d’Afrique de l’Ouest auquel elles appartiennent, nous discuterons des pratiques, des attitudes et des régulations linguistiques, ainsi que des orientations et enjeux du Projeto de Apoio à Educação Bilingue em Bijagós (PAEBB – Projet d’Appui à l’Enseignement Bilingue à Bijagos), développé depuis 2001.
Sociolinguistique insulaire : avantages et désavantages d’être une île
Authors: Goudiaby Mamadou Lamine
Published: December 2024

Cette contribution se concentre sur le cas spécifique de la langue jóola au Sénégal, confrontée à des défis de préservation linguistique. L’article analyse comment cette langue résiste aux influences du wolof et du français, tout en tenant compte des valeurs et des croyances en circulation au sein de ce groupe ethnolinguistique. Le Modèle d’Écologie de Pressions est utilisé pour explorer les relations entre les langues, en particulier la variété kucoboŋaay du jóola dans la région de la Basse Casamance, ainsi que l’impact de la quasi-insularité sur les dynamiques linguistiques dans cette zone marquée par un paysage diversifié, partagé entre îles, plateaux, fleuve, rives et zones estuariennes.
Sociolinguistique insulaire : avantages et désavantages d’être une île
Authors: Scetti Fabio , Mateus Montenegro Helena
Published: December 2024

Cette contribution se fixe pour objectif de parcourir l’histoire linguistique et sociolinguistique de l’archipel des Açores à travers l’analyse des dialectes açoriens parlés dans les neuf îles ainsi que dans les nombreuses communautés açoriennes dans le monde. La description détaillée des caractéristiques dialectales du portugais local nous permet de réfléchir sur la dichotomie entre archaïsmes et innovations, principalement du point de vue lexical – ces éléments ayant été observés chez les locuteurs de portugais de la diaspora, notamment au Canada et aux États-Unis. Notre analyse vise à présenter la variation dialectale insulaire, dans un territoire constitué de petites îles séparées entre elles par de grandes étendues de mer. Cet isolement naturel a laissé des marques linguistiques évidentes dans les dialectes açoriens. Il suffit de tendre l’oreille pour s’apercevoir que la façon de prononcer les sons et la prosodie sont spécifiques à une île ou bien à une partie d’une île. Cependant, en ce qui concerne le lexique et la sémantique, les différences ne sont pas si tranchées. Le temps, la géographie, les échanges sociaux sont autant de facteurs qui expliquent que les dialectes açoriens sont indissociables de la société qui les parle.
Sociolinguistique insulaire : avantages et désavantages d’être une île
Authors: Vuletič Nikola
Published: December 2024

L’archipel croate, avec plus de 40 îles habitées, présente une variation dialectale considérable. Le projet de l’ Atlas linguistique de la culture maritime en Dalmatie et Kvarner (JAPRK) a été lancé pour documenter la variation du lexique de la mer des variétés basilectales dans deux régions couvrant cet espace insulaire. Une approche ethnographique de la réalité dialectale a mis en évidence différents aspects des contacts entre dialectes au sein de la communauté des gens de la mer, caractérisée par la mobilité et la participation à de multiples réseaux. La présente contribution rendra compte de plusieurs effets de ces contacts : aires de convergence qui dépendent des réseaux dialectaux ; concordances lexicales qui changent dans le temps et dans l’espace ; répertoires lexicaux complexes ; importance des communautés de pratique pour la vitalité des dialectes. Ces phénomènes confirment la pertinence des îles en tant que points de rencontre, où des contacts linguistiques et culturels créent des environnements uniques et complexes.
Le bien commun comme loi ?
Authors: Verdun Simon
Published: December 2024

La solution proposée par Rousseau au problème de la fondation d’un corps politique véritablement substantiel est la réalisation du bien commun. Si la loi doit avoir pour fin le bien commun ou général, elle ne peut être que l’expression de la volonté générale du peuple tout entier comme seul souverain, c’est-à-dire la puissance législative exclusive. L’article se propose d’étudier les conséquences de ce démocratisme radical (immanence absolue du peuple à la loi) dans ce qu’il a, selon Hegel, de foncièrement contradictoire. La formation du gouvernement, par lequel seul le corps politique peut passer dans l’effectivité, signifie nécessairement la formation d’une faction distincte à l’intérieur du souverain, d’une volonté particulière qui ne peut que travailler contre l’expression de la volonté générale.
Integration of Mobile Learning in Rifdarmon Model to Improve Student Learning Outcomes
Authors: Rifdarmon  , Ganefri  , Remon Lapisa  , M. Giatman  , Nizwardi Jalinus  , Hasan Maksum
Published: December 2024

Mobile learning utilizes mobile technology, such as smartphones, tablets, and other mobile devices, to facilitate a flexible and collaborative learning process. This research aims to implement the integration of mobile learning into the Rifdarmon model in the learning process and evaluate the effectiveness of mobile learning integration into the Rifdarmon model in improving student learning outcomes in the Sensors and Transducers course. This research uses a quantitative approach with an experimental method. The subjects in this study are active students in the Automotive Engineering Department of Padang State University taking the Sensors and Transducers course. The sampling technique used is cluster random sampling, where the researcher randomly selects two classes, the control and experimental classes. Then all students in the selected clusters become the sample. The data in this study were collected based on the pre-test and post-test scores obtained by students in the Sensors and Transducers course. Based on the results and discussion, the implementation of mobile learning integration into the Rifdarmon model in the learning process was successfully carried out in this research. There was a significant increase in learning outcomes for students after following the learning process, both with the conventional learning model (control class) and mobile learning integration into the Rifdarmon model (experimental class).
Uno, nessuno, tre : assenza e presenza dell’autore in Sei personaggi in cerca d’autore
Authors: Bossche Bart Van den
Published: December 2024

Cet article est consacré à la figure de l’auteur dans Six personnages en quête d’auteur de Pirandello, et en particulier à ce que les commentaires des acteurs, des personnages et du metteur en scène révèlent de la fonction d’auteur au sens large. Les rôles et les valeurs attribués à la fonction d’auteur concernent trois fonctions principales : l’auteur en tant que "marque", le rôle de l’auteur dans le processus créatif, et l’autorité qu’un auteur peut ou ne peut pas exercer sur son œuvre. Les trois fonctions d’auteur discutées renvoient à des questions qui s’inscrivent dans des préoccupations et obsessions largement diffusées dans la modernité littéraire.
Il tesoro dei poveri de Gabriele D’Annunzio : de Alī Ad-Dūʿāǧī à Catherine Tissier, le parcours atypique d’une traduction
Authors: Tbini Jihane
Published: December 2024

Cet article confronte deux traductions de la nouvelle Il tesoro dei poveri de G. D’Annunzio (1887) : la traduction arabe de l’écrivain tunisien ʿAlī Ad-Dūʿāǧī, publiée en 1935 et la traduction française de Catherine Tissier (2008). Pour la version en français, le texte-source de référence est celui en arabe de Ad-Dūʿāǧī. L’analyse souligne les écarts entre les trois textes et montre que les choix de traduction vont dans le sens d’un détournement générique et d’un transfert culturel. La version française de Tissier s’apparente à une rétrotraduction de la matrice italienne, révélant ainsi le parcours atypique d’une traduction.
The Magnitude of Sustainable HRM Practices and Wellbeing in a Changing Environment
Authors: Sharma Swati
Published: December 2024

Finding strategies to maintain employee well-being is becoming more and more important to a variety of stakeholders, both within and beyond the context of the workplace, in today's rapidly evolving and fast-paced global workplace where preserving competitive edge is essential to success. The research design of study is descriptive in nature. Data was collected from secondary sources to study the importance of sustainable HR practices and wellbeing in a changing environment. Evidence demonstrates that a direct connection between HRM practices, well-being, and performance—possibly more significantly for organizations—can give practitioners the knowledge they need to motivate them to spend their resources. The findings of the research are relevant to a broad range of company sectors involved with innovative HRM, greening, and sustainability practices as well as corporate strategies that support well-being.
Digital Infrastructure and Connectivity
Authors: Dahri Abdul Samad , Memon Salman Bashir , Syed Sumaiya
Published: December 2024

This chapter provides a comprehensive analysis of digital infrastructure and connectivity as foundational elements for fostering digital technologies and economic development. It defines the role and significance of digital infrastructure and examines the history and technological progression of connectivity projects. Key components such as broadband networks, telecom structures, and data centers are analyzed for their importance in supporting modern communication and information exchange. The chapter also reviews the impact of laws and policies on digital infrastructure, focusing on financing, rural access, and security. A case study on Zorez Telecom's expansion project highlights the challenges organizations may face when implementing digital infrastructure, covering regulatory and economic issues, while offering practical approaches for students and professionals to address these challenges.
Hawaiian High School Football Player Positional Differences in Helmet Impact Characteristics
Authors: Glodowski Kiera D. , Freemyer Bret , Myers Jay L , Lee Jong Soo , Broglio Steven P. , Furutani Troy , Murata Nathan , Stickley Cris , Swartz Erik E.
Published: December 2024

Context:

The importance of analyzing head impact exposure among football players is well established, yet few studies have explored the differences across position groups in high school athletes. Better understanding of these differences may provide optimized intervention strategies for coaches and healthcare providers.

Objective:

To quantify the difference of head impacts per exposure (Imp/E) and impact burden high school football player position groups.

Design:

Prospective observational.

Setting:

High school athletic fields during Fall sports seasons.

Patients and Participants:

200 football players from three high school varsity teams including 69 offensive/defensive linemen, 51 linebackers/running backs/tight ends and 80 cornerbacks/safeties/wide receivers (16.1±0.9yrs, 177.9±7.8cm, 86.4±22.7) categorized as linemen, backers, and skills players respectively.

Main Outcome Measures:

Imp/E across positions, teams, session type, and seasons. Cumulative head impact burden per location (front, top, right, left, back) across position groups.

Results:

Significant differences in Imp/E were found between position groups (P<0.001), where the backers group, (3.77[95% CI: 3.146, 4.395]) experienced higher total Imp/E compared to linemen (1.47[ 95% CI: 0.983, 1.96]) and skill players (1.56[95% CI: 1.11, 2.01]). Total accumulated burden of head impacts was significant (F(2,194) = 4.938, P<0.008), with backers (4622.85g’s [95% CI: 3077.43, 6168.27]) significantly (P=0.011) higher than linemen (2657.70g’s [95% CI: 2045.61, 3269.19 ]) and skill players (2875.7g’s [95% CI: 2216.38, 3535.01]) (P=0.022). Front location impact burden (F(2, 194) = 7.784, P<0.001) revealed backers (1606.24g’s [95% CI: 977.89, 2234.58]) also significantly (P=0.008) higher than both linemen (768.24g’s [95% CI: 433.84, 1102.64]) and skill players (567.75g’s [95% CI: 360.71, 774.78]) (P<0.001).

Conclusion:

Linebackers, tight ends, and running backs experienced more Imp/E and higher cumulative burden than other positions, which highlights the potential influence of specific positional requirements during football participation. Coaches and healthcare providers should be aware that a position’s role during play may directly relate to changes in head impact risk.
Supervisor Authority and its Impacts on Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion in Athletic Training
Authors: TO Jean , JY Young , Nye Edler , EA Nye , LE Eberman
Published: December 2024

Context

The demographic landscape of the United States is changing daily and the demand for representation in today’s workforce is both a moral and practical imperative for creating workplaces diverse in thought, expression, and people.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to investigate workplace culture and the direct and indirect influence of supervisors on inclusion of minoritized communities, including those who have experienced marginalization for race, ethnicity, religion, national origin, age, marital status, ability, sexual orientation, sex, gender, gender identity and expression, socioeconomic status, spirituality, political affiliation, literacy, or the intersectionality of multiple identities.

Design

Consensual qualitative research study

Setting

Semi-structured interview

Patients or Other Participants

Eighteen participants were recruited through direct contact via their public domain email addresses that are located on college/university websites.

Data Collection and Analysis

Demographic data was collected through a web-based recruitment survey which was also used to schedule a semi-structured interview. We used the multi-phased CQR tradition to identify domains and categories representative of the data.

Results

Three domains emerged. The environment domain spoke to the culture each supervisor created through relationship building and intention; intention was further characterized as active or passive behaviors whereby almost all participants described both. Only one-third of participants referenced DEIA policies and procedures within their organization. The resources domain represented the existence and awareness of organizational DEIA resources, or lack thereof. The perceptions domain characterized the beliefs of the supervisors relative to DEIA.

Conclusions

Structural efforts must include the creation and implementation of policies and procedures for employee inclusion, not just patient inclusion. The awareness and use of organizational resources is an important component to support supervisor efforts and should be leveraged from within the unit.
Association between Pregnancy and Musculoskeletal Conditions in Active-Duty Military Service Members
Authors: Roach Megan H. , Nelson D. Alan , Koreerat Christina M. , Foglia Lisa M. , Mauntel Timothy C.
Published: December 2024

Context:

Non-combat musculoskeletal conditions are endemic among service members and disproportionately affect females. Pregnancy and childbirth contribute to lower physical fitness assessment scores and higher body mass index, both risk factors for musculoskeletal conditions, for up to one-year post-pregnancy. However, there is a paucity of information regarding the impact of pregnancy on musculoskeletal conditions.

Objective:

To explore the association between the post-pregnancy period and incident musculoskeletal conditions (MSK).

Design:

Retrospective, longitudinal cohort study.

Setting:

Medical and administrative data from the Medical Assessment and Readiness System.

Other Participants:

Female military service members with and without a pregnancy.

Main Outcome Measure(s):

Months since pregnancy end, health history, and demographic and military service data were abstracted for each subject. Subsequent MSKs were identified with relevant ICD-10 codes. A multivariable logistic regression model assessed the association between the time since pregnancy end and MSK incidence.

Results:

A total of 298,607 female service members were identified, of which 19,980 had a pregnancy. A larger percentage of post-pregnancy service members (65.8%) had a MSK diagnosis as compared to the non-pregnant cohort (60.3%). Adjusting for covariates, the model suggests a temporal influence on post-pregnancy MSK incidence, such that service members 3- to 4-months and 5- to 6-months post-pregnancy were more likely to be diagnosed with a MSK as compared to the non-pregnant cohort. However, service members <2 months post-pregnancy were less likely to be diagnosed with an MSK, and the odds of an MSK beyond 6-months decreased out to 24-months post-pregnancy.

Conclusions:

Pregnancy may increase a service member’s odds of sustaining an MSK 3- to 6- months post-pregnancy. Understanding the relationships between pregnancy and MSK risks may lead to changes in postpartum return-to-duty/activity policies, better enabling service members to care for themselves and their families.
Return-to-Learn for the K-12 Student: a Mixed-Methods Systematic Review
Authors: Dieball Molly , Grant Sophie , Kingma Jackie , Kawata Keisuke , Bevilacqua Zachary
Published: December 2024

Objective:

Our aim was to perform a systematic review of Return-to-Learn literature with the intent of determining what items are necessary to form a comprehensive Return-to-Learn policy.

Data Sources:

We searched CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and WorldWideScience.org using 25 search terms including return to learn, adolescents, concussion management, concussion AND children, concussion AND department of education, concussion AND secondary schools, concussion AND middle school, concussion AND primary school, concussion AND policy AND procedures, concussion AND 504 plans.

Study Selection:

Eligible studies were (i) published between 2009 and 2022; (ii) originally published in English in a peer-reviewed journal; (iii) have a full text available; (iv) discuss the K-12 population; (v) contain one of the following terms in the body of the document: Return to Learn, RTL, Return to School, Return to Classroom, or Return to Academics; (vi) identify RTL as a primary aim of the document.

Data Extraction:

The Qualitative Assessment and Review Instrument and JBI Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument tools were used to extract data from eligible studies. Extraction occurred independently by two researchers.

Data Synthesis

Review yielded 32,766 articles, with 58 meeting inclusion criteria. Two qualitative themes and five subthemes aggregated with six quantitative narratives to produce five converged findings: 1) members and point person, 2) overcoming barriers to communication, 3) increasing concussion knowledge and training in the school system, 4) recommendations in the classroom, and 5) tackling the invisible injury.

Conclusions:

Less than one-third of included articles reported data from younger (K-8) cohorts, therefore, the converged findings represent significant facets of high school Return-to-Learn that stakeholders should embed into novel and revised state concussion legislation. Subsequent efforts should seek to appraise current state Return-to-Learn laws for existing use of evidence-based practice and begin accumulating data specific to younger students and school professionals that monitor and teach these individuals such that commensurate policy recommendations can then be made.
Anxiety-Related Concussion Perceptions of Parents of Youth Athletes
Authors: Beidler Erica , Teel Elizabeth , Schmitt Ara J. , Muccio Grace , Holmes John H. , Bretzin Abigail C.
Published: December 2024

Context:

Parents are key decisionmakers for 1 the health and wellness of their children. Despite the benefits of engaging in physical activity, parental concerns about concussion may create hesitancy towards sport participation. The magnitude of concussion-related anxiety perceptions and factors that influence these beliefs in parents of youth athletes are largely unknown.

Objective:

To determine the prevalence of concussion-related anxiety perceptions in parents of youth athletes and establish the associations among concussion-related anxiety and demographic variables (i.e., parent sex, parent concussion history, child concussion history, parent concussion education).

Design:

Cross-sectional paper survey.

Setting:

Youth sports.

Patients or Other Participants:

452 parents (60% female; mean age = 40.4±13.0 years) of youth athletes (8-14 years old) who participated in soccer, ice hockey, lacrosse, and football (i.e., higher concussion risk sports) in Pennsylvania and Michigan.

Main outcomes Measures:

Survey items were adapted from the Perceptions of Concussion Inventory for Athletes (PCI-A) to pertain to perceptions about their child. Parents also completed a demographic survey regarding concussion-related topics.

Results:

Overall, 73.2% of parents found the possibility of their child sustaining a concussion to be upsetting, 61.5% were fearful of their child sustaining a concussion, and 45.1% reported that the thought of their child having a concussion makes them feel anxious. Only 4.6% of parents suggested that concussions do not worry them. The lack of a personal concussion history and being female were associated with greater concussion-related anxiety in parents.

Conclusions:

This study provides evidence that parents of youth athletes have anxiety about their child sustaining a concussion, while also contributing to the understanding of what factors are related to such anxiety (i.e., female parent; no parent history of concussion). Negative parental concussion beliefs may contribute to the reduction in contact sport participation and should be directly addressed in concussion education specific to youth sport participation.
Risk Perception and Psychosocial Factors Influencing Exposure to Antimicrobial Resistance through Environmental Pathways in Malawi
Authors: Chidziwisano Kondwani , Cocker Derek , Mwapasa Kumwenda Taonga , Amos Steve , Feasey Nicholas , Morse Tracy
Published: December 2024

Antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria are prevalent in household and environmental settings in low-income locations. However, there are limited data on individuals’ understanding of AMR bacteria exposure risks in these settings. A cross-sectional study was conducted to identify individual risk perception of AMR bacteria and its associated behavioral determinants at the household level in urban, peri-urban, and rural Malawi. We conducted interviews with 529 participants from 300 households (n = 100 households/site). The risk, attitude, norms, ability, and self-regulation model was used to assess psychosocial factors underlying AMR bacteria exposure through animal feces, river water, and drain water. Analysis of variance was used to assess the difference between doers and non-doers of the three targeted behaviors: use and contact with river water, contact with drain water, and contact with animal feces. There was limited understanding regarding human–environmental interactions facilitating AMR bacteria transmission across all sites, and as such, the perceived risk of contracting AMR infection was low (41%; P = 0.189). Human contact with animal feces was seen as risky (64%) compared with contact with river and drain water (17%). Urban participants perceived that they were at greater risk of AMR bacteria exposure than their rural counterparts (P = 0.001). The perception of social norms was favorable for the targeted behaviors (P = 0.001), as well as self-reported attitude and ability estimates (self-efficacy; P = 0.023), thus indicating the role of psychosocial factors influencing the human–environment interaction in AMR bacteria transmission. Our findings underscore the need for combined infrastructural improvements and behavior-centered AMR bacteria education to drive behavioral changes, benefiting both AMR infection mitigation and broader One Health initiatives.
An Active Control Method Based on the Study of Dynamic
Characteristics of Integrated Electric Drive Systems
Authors: Xi Xin , Chen Xiaoli , Zhao Hongyang , Zhao Xuan , Wei Jing , Liu Yonggang
Published: December 2024

Integrated electric drive systems are characterized by high power density,
reliability, and controllability, making them increasingly prevalent in the
realm of electric commercial vehicles. However, the direct coupling between the
motor shaft and the transmission system has introduced a series of undesirable
torsional vibration phenomena. To investigate the dynamic characteristics of
electric drive systems in operation for electric commercial vehicles, a
comprehensive modeling approach is employed. This modeling framework takes into
account key factors such as gear backlash, structural flexibility, and
electromagnetic spatiotemporal excitations. Based on this model, the influence
of the electrical system on time-varying gear mesh stiffness, gear transmission
error, bearing forces, and other factors is investigated. Building upon this
foundation, the article proposes an approach for active harmonic voltage
injection. This method effectively reduces torque fluctuations, decreases the
amplitude and fluctuation of gear mesh stiffness and gear transmission error,
lowers the vibration accelerations of each shaft, and enhances the reliability
of the integrated electric drive system.
Conspiracy Theories Generated by Digital Anti-vaccination Communities. Netnographic Case Study of a Facebook Group
Authors: Halska-Pionka Bogna , Cheba Patrycja
Published: December 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has contributed to the emergence of anti-vaccine groups and the dissemination of conspiracy theories on social media. These pseudoscientific conspiracy theories have led to the spread of xenophobic, racist, and potentially harmful information within society. This article aims to address a research gap by delving into the contextual factors that support the development of conspiracy theories. The aim of this article is to recognize the essence and activity of members of the digital community and to identify the contexts (cultural, economic, political, social, etc.) supporting the process of generating conspiracy theories using the example of a Facebook group. The methodological approach employed will be virtual ethnography (netnography), conducted through an exploratory case study of a selected Facebook group. The empirical data were taken from March 2020 to June 2022. To streamline the analysis, the research team extracted four keywords or concepts – “coronavirus”, “COVID-19”, “COVID”, and “SARS‑CoV-2” – based on the frequency of their occurrence in the content. The research adopts an interdisciplinary perspective, drawing upon insights from media studies, social communication, sociology, and anthropology. The objective of this article is to present the current status of the project, which has received funding under the Strategic Program Excellence Initiative of Jagiellonian University.
Dynamic Impact-Based Heavy Rainfall Warning with Multi-classification Machine Learning Approaches
Authors: Shankar Anand
Published: December 2024

The majority of flood assessment and warning systems primarily focus on the occurrence of floods caused by river overflow, taking into account factors such as intense precipitation. Improving flood resilience, on the other hand, requires a deeper understanding of how these factors affect each other and how specific local conditions can have an impact. This study offers impartial tools for estimating the severity of the effects brought on by heavy rainfall to facilitate the prompt communication of effective measures, such as the evacuation of livestock and human settlements and the provision of medical assistance. These tools take into account the cascading effects of various causative factors contributing to heavy rainfall. This article aims to assess the various factors that contribute to the impacts of heavy rainfall, including the timestamp (indicating soil saturation and moisture levels), river gauges (determining water congestion in canal systems), average aerial precipitation (indicating runoff), and the rainfall itself, taking into account both in situ and ex-situ impacts. Support Vector Machine (SVM), Decision Tree (DT), K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), and Naive Bayes are some of the machine learning methods used in the study to find out how dynamically vulnerable affected districts are to flooding in different compound scenarios. This analysis is conducted by leveraging historical observed datasets. The results demonstrate the feasibility of mitigating the issue of excessive and insufficient flood warnings resulting from the cumulative effects of intense precipitation. By implementing a categorization system that divides the affected areas into various portions, or districts, according to the main factors contributing to flooding, namely rainfall, river discharge, and runoff, The suggested model presents novel insights into the sequential consequences of intense precipitation in the regularly inundated regions of North Bihar, India. Innovative tools can serve as valuable resources for flood forecasters and catastrophe managers to comprehend the extent of flooding and the consequential effects of intense precipitation.
Economic Feasibility of On-Grid Photovoltaic Solar Power Plants at Private Universities in Indonesia
Authors: Asnawi Rijal , . Antariksa , Maryanto Sukir , Afandhi Aminudin
Published: December 2024

Campus 2 of the National Institute of Technology (ITN) Malang shows its commitment to utilizing solar energy by adopting a 500 kWp photovoltaic solar power plant (PV), making it the largest in Indonesia for a private university. This research aims to evaluate the economic feasibility of photovoltaic solar power plants (PV) at Campus 2 of the National Institute of Technology Malang. The implementation of renewable energy, particularly photovoltaic solar power, is gaining attention due to its contribution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and economic growth. However, the development of renewable energy sources faces several challenges, including the limitations of economic feasibility studies in Indonesia. A mixed-methods research approach is used, combining qualitative and quantitative data. Qualitative data are obtained from interviews with PV management staff, while quantitative data include net present value (NPV) calculations and payback periods (PBP). The research findings indicate that the on-grid photovoltaic solar power plant at Campus 2 of the National Institute of Technology (ITN) Malang has a capacity of 500 kWp, with a peak load reaching 380 kVA. The total project cost is Rp. 4,084,498,826, with annual operational and maintenance costs of Rp. 81,595,607. The price of electricity from the on-grid photovoltaic solar power plant is Rp. 930 per kWh. An NPV value of Rp. 7,789,395,602 indicates future profitability, while a PBP of 8.55 years demonstrates feasibility in terms of return on investment. In conclusion, the on-grid photovoltaic solar power plant at Campus 2 of the National Institute of Technology Malang has good economic feasibility due to factors such as controlled costs, competitive prices, a positive NPV, and a short PBP. Regular evaluations are necessary to ensure efficient operation and maximum benefits.