bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ʿAyn al-Quḍāt on Chivalry
Authors: Rustom Mohammed
Published: December 2020

This article investigates the multi-dimensional presence of the important Persian Sufi concept of jawānmardī or chivalry in the writings of the famous 6th/12th century metaphysician, martyr, and mystic ʿAyn al-Quḍāt Hamadānī (d. 525/1131). The article begins by situating jawānmardī vis-à-vis its Arabic Sufi equivalent of futuwwa. Both of them convey a wide range of spiritual perfections ranging from wisdom and detachment to justice and pure generosity. Moreover, the article explores the specifically Persian emphasis on jawānmardī as an embodiment of the ideal type of lover of God. It will consequently be shown how, in the writings of such an influential figure as ʿAyn al-Quḍāt, jawānmardī is most prominently featured in three distinctive modes: an aspirational ideal, a realised concept, and the key to unlock the mystery of one of the greatest chevaliers, namely Iblīs.
Performing Sufi Masculinity by Transcending Embodiment in Ibn ʿAṭāʾ Allāh’s Kitāb al-Ḥikam
Authors: Deighton Rose
Published: December 2020

Through a gendered analysis of Ibn ʿAṭāʾ Allāh’s (d. 709/1309) Kitāb al-Ḥikam (“Book of Wisdom”) this paper demonstrates how the Sufi program offered in the Ḥikam prescribes the performance of masculinity through the transcendence of embodiment. Reading the text’s only reference to women as an occurrence of what Jacques Derrida calls textual self-reference, this essay explores how this statement functions as a key to the text’s gender discourse. The explicit reference, supported by evidence from Ibn ʿAṭāʾ Allāh’s other writings, mirrors the theory of embodiment and gender reflected through the text. This essay illuminates how conceptual descriptions of Sufi spirituality meant to reinforce the importance of transcending embodiment take on gendered meaning when read against explicit comparisons between women, the nafs and the dunyā. This paper highlights ways in which Ibn ʿAṭāʾ Allāh’s spiritual instructions encourage the performance of masculinity through the transcendence of embodiment, thus prompting conversations about spiritual cultivation’s groundedness in and reinforcement of normative gender discourses.
On Dolgan haŋa ‘One’s Elder Brother’s Wife’
Authors: Li Yong-Sŏng
Published: December 2020

Dolgan is essentially a dialect of Yakut, but for ethno-historical and administrative reasons counted as a separate language. One of the basic phonetic differences between Dolgan and Yakut is the h- (< s- < y- and č-) in Dolgan vs. s- (< y- and č-) in Yakut. In other words, the initial secondary s of Yakut developed further into h in Dolgan.

Up to the present, only haŋas (< saŋas < *yeŋ(g)eč) with the diminutive suffix -s (< *-č) was known to us as the Dolgan word for ‘elder brother’s wife’. Now, we know the form haŋa without the diminutive suffix -s thanks to the fieldwork studies on Dolgan of the ASK REAL (The Altaic Society of Korea, Researches on the Endangered Altaic Languages).
Non-saxicolous lecideoid lichens in southern South America
Authors: RODRIGUEZ-FLAKUS PAMELA
Published: December 2020

Lecidea Ach. in its broad sense, is one of the largest and most heterogeneous genus of lichenized fungi with a worldwide distribution and with diversity hotspots located in the temperate and polar regions. The genus belongs to a crust-like microlichen group and inhabits many different substrates (e.g., bark, rock, wood, soil, mosses). Lecidea does not form a coherent systematic entity, and previous studies have revealed it as a polyphyletic assemblage with species spread across various families within the Lecanoromycetes. The present study is a modern taxonomic revision of southern South America non-saxicolous lecideoid lichens based on morphological, anatomical and chemical characters. A total of 27 species belonging to ten genera are recognized. The current study reveals a substantial, previously hidden, diversity of lichens in Valdivian temperate and Magellanic subpolar forests; increasing the number of known lecideoid lichens in the studied area. Many new regional records are also reported including six species new to South America (Bryobilimbia hypnorum, Hertelidea botryosa, H. eucalypti, Japewiella tavaresiana, Placynthiella oligotropha, and Ramboldia brunneocarpa). The following species are here described as new to science: Bryobilimbia flakusii Rodr. Flakus sp. nov. (Argentina), B. pallida Rodr. Flakus sp. nov. (Argentina, Chile), Hertelidea printzenii Rodr. Flakus sp. nov. (Argentina), H. stipitata Rodr. Flakus sp. nov. (Argentina, Chile), “Lecidea” vobisii Rodr. Flakus sp. nov. (Argentina), and Ramboldia australis Rodr. Flakus sp. nov. (Argentina, Chile). All species are described and illustrated in detail, and an identification key to the species is provided. In addition, as a result of a revision of available type material, a list of 48 additional species excluded from this study, including brief remarks on their taxonomical affiliations, is provided.
Type specimens of Caudofoveata (Mollusca, Aplacophora) in the molluscan collections of the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, and of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University
Authors: MIRANDA MARCEL S. , STRONG ELLEN E. , PASSOS FLÁVIO D.
Published: December 2020

The type material of Caudofoveata (Aplacophora) deposited in the molluscan collections of the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution (USNM), and of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University (MCZ), USA, are listed. An extensive analysis of the databases and a curatorial revision of all lots from both collections were made, including an examination of material from Dr. Amelie Scheltema’s personal collections, recently donated and under curation in the MCZ. A total of 2313 specimens from 378 type lots representing 33 nominal species group taxa was found. Of these, 2275 specimens from 358 lots representing 27 species are held in the USNM (22 holotypes, 2 syntypes and 334 paratypes) and 38 specimens from 20 lots representing 7 species are in the MCZ (5 syntypes, 9 paratypes, 3 paralectotypes, 3 doubtful paralectotypes). Some taxonomical notes about these species and their type-materials are provided.
Tribocorrosion characteristics of Ti6Al4V-TiB-TiN in-situ composite coatings prepared using plasma spraying
Authors: Anand Akrity , Das Mitun , Kundu Biswanath , Balla Vamsi Krishna , Bodhak Subhadip , Gangadharan S
Published: December 2020

Ti6Al4V alloy composite coatings in-situ reinforced with TiB-TiN were deposited on Ti substrate using plasma spraying. Influence of plasma power (50 and 60 kW) and deposition speed (40 and 50 mm/s) on coating microstructure and bio-tribocorrosion performance was analyzed. Process parameters found to have strong influence on the tribocorrosion behavior and the material loss/damage of these coatings was found to be significantly less than that of Ti substrate. However, corrosion played a dominant role in affecting the wear and overall damage of all materials. Present in-situ composite coatings reinforced TiB-TiN exhibited superior tribocorrosion resistance than Ti substrate as a result of their high hardness and non-passivating nature.
Winning the Game of Thrones: Leadership Succession in Modern Autocracies
Authors: Meng Anne
Published: December 2020

Under what conditions can dictatorships manage peaceful leadership transitions? This article argues that constitutional succession rules are critical for modern dictatorships, contrary to the predominant scholarly focus on hereditary succession or parties. An effective succession rule needs to solve dual problems of peaceful exit and peaceful entry. First, the rule must enable incumbents to exit power peacefully by reducing coup threats. Second, the rule must empower the designated successor to ensure that they can enter power peacefully. Constitutional rules help solve both problems, and are particularly effective when they appoint the vice president as the designated successor. The vice president’s access to material resources deters other factions from challenging the succession procedure, whereas designating successors without a power base is ineffective. Using original data on constitutional rules in African autocracies, I show that regimes that formally designate the vice president as the successor are more likely to undergo peaceful transitions.
Iterative books: Posthumous publishing in eighteenth-century botany
Authors: Dietz Bettina
Published: December 2020

The growing number of known plants, and the need repeatedly to correct their names and their taxonomic attributions, demanded strategies for combining the static nature of a printed book with the fluctuating nature of the information it contained. From the second half of the seventeenth century botanists increasingly relied on publishing multiple updated editions of a book instead of attempting to correct, polish, and thus delay the appearance of a manuscript until, in the author’s opinion, it was finished. Provisional by nature, iterative books offered a solution. They were transient, open-ended and open to intervention, whether by one or multiple authors. Taking as an example the posthumous publication of orphaned material and manuscripts, a widespread phenomenon in eighteenth-century botany, this essay will focus on the sequence of iterative books that were published during the first half of the eighteenth century, based on the herbaria and papers left behind by the German botanist Paul Hermann (1646–95).
A Comparison of iPad-Assisted and Flash Card-Assisted Instruction for Learners With Autism
Authors: Ulzii Davaa , Kabot Susan , Reeve Christine
Published: December 2020

Using electronic tablets to present flash cards for teaching skills is becoming common among practitioners. However, no published study compared the effectiveness of the electronic tablet-based flash cards to paper flash cards for teaching receptive labeling skills. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of the iPad-based and paper flash cards for teaching receptive labeling to learners with autism. An adapted alternating treatments design was used. Participants included one preschool student with autism and one elementary school student with autism. Findings indicated that iPad-assisted instruction resulted in a slightly faster acquisition and slightly lower levels of prompts for both participants. No differences were found in the generalization and maintenance of the skills between the two instructional mediums. Mixed results were found for challenging behaviors associated with each intervention. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Computed Tomography Measurement and Evaluation of the Subarachnoid Space Over Cerebral Convexities in Infants Aged 1-24 Months
Authors: Yu Ke , Yi Minggang , Cui Ruodi , Gong Tao , Dong Chunhua , Gao Xin , Zhao Jianshe , Li Min
Published: December 2020

A widened subarachnoid space might be pathologic, potentially pathologic, or simply a normal developmental variant. However, the definition of a normal subarachnoid space width in infants remains unclear, especially on computed tomography (CT) images. To determine the physiological subarachnoid space width among infants aged 1-24 months, its upper limit, and changes with age, we measured the cerebrospinal fluid width on 538 CT images. Measurements were obtained at fixed planes and fixed positions to prevent variance and increase comparability between patients. We observed an asymmetry in the cerebrospinal fluid width of the temporal region. The width increased in all positions until 4-6 months of age, after which it began to decrease, reaching a relatively stable range in infants aged 13-24 months. We suggest considering the 95th percentile of the cerebrospinal fluid width as the upper limit. The correlation between age and the subarachnoid space width should be considered during clinical diagnosing.
Relationship Factors Associated With Early Adolescent Dating Violence Victimization and Perpetration Among Latinx Youth in an Agricultural Community
Authors: Boyce Sabrina C. , Deardorff Julianna , Minnis Alexandra M.
Published: December 2020

Latinx early adolescents within the United States are particularly vulnerable to dating violence; yet, little research has examined early dating experiences and violence outside large urban settings. Latinxs, in particular, may experience a unique window of opportunity for dating violence (DV) prevention during early adolescence, based on their trends in risk behavior over the adolescent period. This study extends the current research on dating violence by examining a highly understudied population, Latinx early adolescent girls and boys residing in an agricultural community, by assessing victimization and perpetration, and examining interpersonal-level factors as potential risk and protective factors for violence. Using data from a prospective cohort study of Latinx adolescents with relationship experience (past six months) ( N = 296; girls: n = 147; boys: n = 149; mean age: 13.8), we assessed the association between dating relationship characteristics and dating violence victimization and perpetration using modified-Poisson regression models with robust standard errors stratified by gender. In multivariable analyses, we found that girls with gang-affiliated partners, partner-related withdrawal from friends, and girls who had used drugs or alcohol with a partner experienced greater risk for dating violence. Additionally, holding beliefs supportive of female sexual naivete and engaging in and communicating about sexual activity were associated with victimization among girls. No significant associations were found among boys. Findings affirm the need for multilevel DV prevention programming that starts in middle school and addresses social isolation, gang exposure, and traditional Latinx gender-norm beliefs regarding marianismo. These findings underscore the imperative to coordinate dating and gang violence prevention efforts by addressing common co-occurring interpersonal and environmental risk factors, including social isolation and culturally-specific traditional beliefs. Such factors could also assist providers, families, and peers in early identification of Latinx early adolescents at risk for DV, especially in rural contexts where resources are often limited.
Sexual assault reporting amongst users of online sexual health services
Authors: Day Sara , Singh Gurmit Jagjit , Jones Sophie , Kinsella Ryan
Published: December 2020

Sexual assault (SA) survivors often attend sexual health clinics (SHC) for care relating to their assault. Reported rates of SA amongst SHC attendees can be high. Online sexual health services are becoming increasingly popular. Sexual Health London (SHL) is a large online sexual transmitted infection (STI) screening service. Between 1.1.20– 8.2.20, 0.5% (242/45841) (54% female, 45.6% male) of adults disclosed a recent SA when ordering an online STI testing kit. 79% (192/242) users engaged in a call back discussion initiated by the SHL team: 45% (87/192) users confirmed a SA had occurred and 53% (101/242) users denied an assault (particularly men) stating they had reported this in error. 18% (16/87) users had already reported their SA to the police/sexual assault centre, and one user accepted an onward referral. This study found a low reporting rate of SA amongst SHL users, but despite a high response rate to call backs, >50% cited they reported in error, 25% (22/87) didn’t want to discuss their SA and few accepted onward referrals. Using e-triage to screen for SA followed by service-initiated telephonic support to everyone who discloses, may not be acceptable or offer utility to all. Further evaluation of ways to engage these individuals is required.
The role of sport-based social networks in the management of long-term health conditions: Insights from the World Transplant Games
Authors: Wiltshire Gareth , Clarke Nicola J , Phoenix Cassandra , Bescoby Carl
Published: December 2020

In the context of an increasing clinical need to better support self-management for people living with long-term health conditions an interest in the role of social networks has emerged. Given that sport participation often provides opportunities for social engagement, a space to explore self-management at the intersection of medical sociology and the sociology of sport has opened up. This article presents findings from an exploratory qualitative study with organ transplant recipients who have participated in Transplant Games events – national and international multi-sport competitions for organ transplant recipients. Our findings illustrate how sport-based social networks serve as resources for health-related knowledge, provide participants with additional affective support and help shape health expectations for the future. Although sport-based social networks were seen as an overwhelmingly positive resource for our participants, it is plausible that harmful unintended consequences could arise for patients with existing self-management issues. As such, it is recommended that people seeking to use sport as a tool to enhance illness self-management should consider the various and powerful ways that social networks can be impactful and anticipate the potential consequences accordingly.
Superwomen? Young sporting women, temporality and learning not to be perfect
Authors: Ronkainen Noora J , Allen-Collinson Jacquelyn , Aggerholm Kenneth , Ryba Tatiana V
Published: December 2020

New forms of neoliberal femininity create demanding horizons of expectation for young women. For talented athletes, these pressures are intensified by the establishment of dual-career discourses that construct the combination of high-performance sport and education as a normative, ‘ideal’ pathway. The pressed time perspective inherent in dual-careers requires athletes to employ a variety of time-related skills, especially for young women who aim to live up to ‘superwoman’ ideals that valorise ‘success’ in all walks of life. Drawing on existential phenomenology, and in-depth interviews with 10 talented Finnish sportswomen (aged 19–22), we explored their experiences of lived time when pursuing dual-careers in upper secondary sport schools. Exploring participants’ bodily experiences of inhabiting the achievement life-world, we analyse how these sportswomen either learned ways of living up to this ambitious script or came to understand the detrimental effects of the script, necessitating other ways of being. For those who experience a disjuncture between the ‘perfect’ and their embodied experience, self-care practices are needed to restore life-world harmony, and orient to alternative futures.
A woman’s place is in the ‘home’? Gender-specific hiring patterns in academia in gender-equal Norway
Authors: Moratti Sofia
Published: December 2020

We investigated women’s hiring patterns in academia, bridging the gap between two streams of literature typically not brought in conversation with one another: (1) access to tenured professorship by gender; (2) academic mobility and the disadvantage it can create for women. We studied all recruitments of new permanent associate and full professors by open call from 2007 to 2017 at one faculty of the largest university in Norway (N = 1009 applicants). We found that women were not reluctant to apply, nor systematically dispreferred in the selection process, nor deterred by the prospect of relocating. About 40% of applicants were women and the percentage was roughly maintained among winners. About 80% of women applicants were external candidates, nearly matching their male counterparts. However, women had an advantage when they were internal applicants and a disadvantage when external, and this disadvantage was a function of the distance. Underneath an overall gender-equal picture, there are gender-specific hiring patterns that are not the consequence of women’s application choices.
Articular cartilage and soft tissue damage from radiofrequency thermal ablation wands at wrist arthroscopy
Authors: Giddins Grey , Shewring David , Downing Nicholas
Published: December 2020

We report six cases of complications from use of a thermal wand at wrist arthroscopy. Complications included skin necrosis, extensor tendon lesions and thermal articular cartilage damage, one with a catastrophic outcome. Thermal wands have the potential for substantial soft tissue damage causing severe harm to patients. The damage could be related to the design of the wands. User error poses an additional risk. These risks need to be appreciated and should be minimized. The complications indicate the need for careful use of the thermal wands to minimise risk including using only short bursts of thermal energy, the use of high flow irrigation with an outflow and trying to ensure that the collar of the device and not just the tip is within the joint. In addition, the design of thermal wands for use in the wrist may need to be reviewed.

Level of evidence: IV
Metabolic Syndrome Predisposes to Osteoarthritis: Lessons from Model System
Authors: Pragasam Sampath Samuel Joshua , Venkatesan Vijayalakshmi
Published: December 2020

Objective

The present study aims to assess for temporal changes in tibial subchondral bone and cartilage in WNIN/Gr-Ob rats (portraying obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension) in comparison with Wistar controls (WNIN) using anthropometry, micro-computed tomography (micro-CT), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), histopathology, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunofluorescence.

Design

Body weight, abdominal circumference, body mass index (BMI), lean/fat mass, serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels were measured (ELISA), followed by ultrastructural analysis of tibial subchondral bone (micro-CT) and cartilage architecture (histopathology and SEM) in WNIN/Gr-Ob and WNIN rats with age (3, 6 and 9 months). Additionally, primary cultures of articular chondrocytes isolated from 6-month-old WNIN/Gr-Ob and WNIN rats were assessed for matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13 and Collagen type II (COL2A1) by immunofluorescence.

Results

WNIN/Gr-Ob rats exhibited frank obesity with increased BMI, lean and fat mass vis-à-vis significantly higher levels of serum TNF-α (6>9>3 months) as compared with the controls. With an increase in BMI, WNIN/Gr-Ob rats presented with tibial cartilage fibrillation, erosion, osteophyte formation (6 months) and subchondral bone cyst (9 months) confirmed by histology and SEM. An increase in subchondral trabecular bone volume (sclerosis with decreased plate porosity) was observed in all ages in WNIN/Gr-Ob rats compared to their Control. Gaining insights, primary cultures of articular chondrocytes complemented with altered cellular expressions of COL2A1 and MMP-13 from WNIN/Gr-Ob rats, indicating osteoarthritis (OA) progression.

Conclusion

Multiple metabolic perturbations featured in WNIN/Gr-Ob rats were effective to induce spontaneous OA-like degenerative changes affecting knee joints akin to human OA.
From methodology to methodography?
Authors: Hammersley Martyn
Published: December 2020

This article examines the character of a small but detailed observational study that focused on two teams of researchers, one engaged in qualitative sociological research, the other developing statistical models. The study was presented as investigating ‘the social life of methods’, an approach seen by some as displacing conventional research methodology. The study drew on ethnomethodology, and was offered as a direct parallel with ethnographic and ethnomethodological investigations of natural scientists’ work by Science and Technology Studies scholars. In the articles deriving from this study, the authors show how even the statisticians relied on background qualitative knowledge about the social phenomena to which their data related. The articles also document routine practices employed by each set of researchers, some ‘troubles’ they encountered and how they dealt with these. Another theme addressed is whether the distinction between quantitative and qualitative approaches accurately characterised differences between these researchers at the level of practical reasoning. While this research is presented as descriptive in orientation, concerned simply with documenting social science practices, it operates against a background of at least implicit critique. I examine its character and the closely associated criticism of social research methodology and conventional social science.
The current standing on the use of denosumab in giant cell tumour of the bone
Authors: Singh Vivek Ajit , Puri Ajay
Published: December 2020

Giant cell tumour of the bone (GCTB) has been classically treated surgically. With the advent of denosumab, there is potential to use it as a targeted therapy to downstage the tumour and control its progression. Like all new therapies, the dosage, duration, and long-term effects of treatment can only be determined over the time through numerous trials and errors. The current recommendation of use of the monoclonal antibody is 3–4 months of neoadjuvant denosumab in patients with advanced GCTB for cases who were not candidates for primary curettage initially, and prolonged use for surgically unsalvageable GCTB. The use of Denosumab in the adjuvant setting to prevent recurrence is not established.
The Bias-Variance Tradeoff: How Data Science Can Inform Educational Debates
Authors: Doroudi Shayan
Published: December 2020

In addition to providing a set of techniques to analyze educational data, I claim that data science as a field can provide broader insights to education research. In particular, I show how the bias-variance tradeoff from machine learning can be formally generalized to be applicable to several prominent educational debates, including debates around learning theories (cognitivist vs. situativist and constructivist theories) and pedagogy (direct instruction vs. discovery learning). I then look to see how various data science techniques that have been proposed to navigate the bias-variance tradeoff can yield insights for productively navigating these educational debates going forward.
Inter-protein residue covariation information unravels physically interacting protein dimers
Authors: Salmanian Sara , Pezeshk Hamid , Sadeghi Mehdi
Published: December 2020

Background

Predicting physical interaction between proteins is one of the greatest challenges in computational biology. There are considerable various protein interactions and a huge number of protein sequences and synthetic peptides with unknown interacting counterparts. Most of co-evolutionary methods discover a combination of physical interplays and functional associations. However, there are only a handful of approaches which specifically infer physical interactions. Hybrid co-evolutionary methods exploit inter-protein residue coevolution to unravel specific physical interacting proteins. In this study, we introduce a hybrid co-evolutionary-based approach to predict physical interplays between pairs of protein families, starting from protein sequences only.

Results

In the present analysis, pairs of multiple sequence alignments are constructed for each dimer and the covariation between residues in those pairs are calculated by CCMpred (Contacts from Correlated Mutations predicted) and three mutual information based approaches for ten accessible surface area threshold groups. Then, whole residue couplings between proteins of each dimer are unified into a single Frobenius norm value. Norms of residue contact matrices of all dimers in different accessible surface area thresholds are fed into support vector machine as single or multiple feature models. The results of training the classifiers by single features show no apparent different accuracies in distinct methods for different accessible surface area thresholds. Nevertheless, mutual information product and context likelihood of relatedness procedures may roughly have an overall higher and lower performances than other two methods for different accessible surface area cut-offs, respectively. The results also demonstrate that training support vector machine with multiple norm features for several accessible surface area thresholds leads to a considerable improvement of prediction performance. In this context, CCMpred roughly achieves an overall better performance than mutual information based approaches. The best accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision and negative predictive value for that method are 0.98, 1, 0.962, 0.96, and 0.962, respectively.

Conclusions

In this paper, by feeding norm values of protein dimers into support vector machines in different accessible surface area thresholds, we demonstrate that even small number of proteins in pairs of multiple alignments could allow one to accurately discriminate between positive and negative dimers.
Psychological disturbances of survivors throughout COVID-19 crisis: a qualitative study
Authors: Moradi Yaser , Mollazadeh Farzin , Karimi Parivash , Hosseingholipour Keyvan , Baghaei Rahim
Published: December 2020

Background

In addition to physical problems, patients with COVID-19 suffer from considerable stress throughout the disease crisis. It is important to address mental health needs and not to ignore the psychological dimension in this group of patients. In this regard, the first practical step is to have a clear understanding of patients’ psychological issues. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the psychological disturbances of COVID-19 survivors throughout the disease crisis.

Method

This qualitative study was conducted using a phenomenological approach through 14 individual semi-structured in-depth interviews with patients recovered from COVID-19. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s seven-step method.

Results

Three themes of “living in limbo”, “psychological distress behind the wall” and “psychological burden of being a carrier” were extracted as the psychological disturbances of COVID-19 survivors throughout the disease crisis.

Conclusion

This study portrayed a better understanding of psychological disturbances of COVID-19 survivors throughout the disease crisis based on their lived experiences. Given the ambiguity in the time of the disease eradication and its continuing course, a deep understanding of these experiences in the current critical situation can help healthcare officials to make appropriate decisions and take measures to assess and identify psychological traumas and perform interventions to improve the mental state of these patients.
Intergenerational effects on individual charitable donation: an innovative study on philanthropy in China
Authors: Yang Yongjiao , Shi Yuting , Zhang Dong
Published: December 2020

The family, which is the basic unit of Chinese society, serves as the micro foundation of individual charitable behavior. This study examines the intergenerational effects on individual charitable donations in China based on China’s unique social structure, traditional culture, and philanthropic history. The study identifies the mutual influence of children’s charitable donation and parent’s charitable donation through both downward and upward intergenerational transmission. The effect of upward transmission is stronger than that of downward inheritance, especially among families with children born in the 1980s and 1990s. The findings reflect the “family-oriented” culture of Chinese society and highlight the necessity and urgency of developing a charitable donation theory rooted in Chinese experiences.
Fully-automated production of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 for clinical application
Authors: Spreckelmeyer Sarah , Balzer Matthias , Poetzsch Simon , Brenner Winfried
Published: December 2020

Background

[68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 is a promising radiopharmaceutical for in vivo detection of the fibroblast activation protein by positron emission tomography. Until now, the synthesis of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 has been only performed manually. Our aim was to evaluate the automated synthesis of this radiopharmaceutical on two different commercially available synthesis modules in order to make the tracer readily available for clinical application.

Results

The synthesis of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 with different amounts of precursor (10–50 μg) on the Modular Lab PharmTracer (MLPT) and Modular Lab eazy (ML eazy) from Eckert & Ziegler with a customized synthesis template and a customized single-use cassette yielded best results with 50 μg FAPI-46 for clinical multi-dose application. All relevant quality control parameters tested (e.g. sterility, stability and radiochemical purity) were in accordance with the European Pharmacopoeia.

Conclusions

[68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 was successfully synthesized fully-automated on the synthesis modules Modular Lab PharmTracer and ML eazy and is, thus, available for multi-dose application in clinical settings.
Feline cognitive dysfunction as a model for Alzheimer’s disease in the research of CBD as a potential treatment—a narrative review
Authors: Zadik-Weiss Lilach , Ritter Sivan , Hermush Vered , Asher Nethanel , Avital Avi , Or Reuven
Published: December 2020

With the improvement in modern medicine, the world’s human and feline (Felis catus, the domestic cat) population is aging. As the population grows older, there is an increase of age-related diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease in humans and feline cognitive dysfunction in felines, which shares many similarities with Alzheimer’s disease. They both result in cognitive decline and lack effective treatments. In light of their pathological similarities, both occur at old age, and as domestic cats share the human environment and risk factors (cats are considered an indicator to the effect of environmental contaminants on humans as they share exposures and diseases), cats have the potential to be a spontaneous model for Alzheimer’s disease. Classic animal models in many cases fail to predict the results in humans, and a natural model can lead to better prediction of results, thus being both time and cost-effective. The feline disease can be researched in trials that could be simultaneously clinical trials for cats and preclinical trials for humans, also referred to as reverse translational medicine. As both maladies lack effective medical intervention, new potential treatments are merited. Cannabidiol (CBD) is a promising agent that may improve the life of these patients, as it was shown to potentially treat several of the pathologies found in both conditions. yet there is a need for further research in order to establish the benefits and safety of CBD to both human and feline patients.
Memories of the first 50 years of the journal Dentomaxillofacial Radiology
Authors: White Stuart C , Hirschmann Peter , Benn Douglas , Brooks Sharon , Schulze Ralf
Published: December 2020

As Dentomaxillofacial Radiology celebrates 50 years of publication, some former editors who have helped the journal reach this milestone reminisce on their time at the helm of the journal.
Concentração de propriedade e emissão de ação: Evidência da América Latina
Authors: Crisóstomo Vicente Lima , Pinheiro Bruno Goes , Nakamura Wilson Toshiro
Published: December 2020

O trabalho objetiva identificar o efeito da concentração de propriedade sobre a emissão de ação da empresa latino-americana. Para uma amostra de 887 empresas os resultados indicam que a concentração de propriedade inibe a emissão de ação na América Latina. Além disto, a rentabilidade também inibe a de emissão de ação, sendo indicação de um comportamento pecking order. O tamanho da empresa, por sua vez, favorece a capacidade de emissão de ação. Verificou-se também que empresas com mais oportunidades de crescimento são mais emissoras de ação, o que indica possível esgotamento fluxo de caixa e da capacidade de financiar-se com dívida. Adicionalmente, a disponibilidade de ativos para garantia de empréstimos é desfavorável à emissão de ação, sinalizando que empresas que dispõem de ativos parecem preferir dívida a emitir ação. Por fim, a pesquisa contribui para o debate sobre o tema estrutura de capital, especificamente sobre a emissão de ação, ao prover evidência adicional sobre a empresa da América Latina.
Uncovering host-microbiome interactions in global systems with collaborative programming: a novel approach integrating social and data sciences
Authors: Oberstaller Jenna , Adapa Swamy Rakesh , Dayhoff II Guy W. , Gibbons Justin , Keller Thomas E. , Li Chang , Lim Jean , Pham Minh , Sarkar Anujit , Sharma Ravi , Wani Agaz H. , Vianello Andrea , Duong Linh M. , Wang Chenggi , Atkinson Celine Grace F. , Barrow Madeleine , Van Bibber Nathan W. , Dahrendorff Jan , Dean David A. E. , Dokur Omkar , Ferreira Gloria C. , Hastings Mitchell , Herbert Gregory S. , Huq Khandaker Tasnim , Kim Youngchul , Liao Xiangyun , Liu XiaoMing , Mansuri Fahad , Martin Lynn B. , Miller Elizabeth M. , Natarajan Ojas , Pang Jinyong , Prieto Francesca , Radulovic Peter W. , Sheth Vyoma , Sumpter Matthew , Sutherland Desirae , Vijayakumar Nisha , Jiang Rays H. Y.
Published: December 2020

Microbiome data are undergoing exponential growth powered by rapid technological advancement. As the scope and depth of microbiome research increases, cross-disciplinary research is urgently needed for interpreting and harnessing the unprecedented data output. However, conventional research settings pose challenges to much-needed interdisciplinary research efforts due to barriers in scientific terminologies, methodology and research-culture. To breach these barriers, our University of South Florida OneHealth Codeathon was designed to be an interactive, hands-on event that solves real-world data problems. The format brought together students, postdocs, faculty, researchers, and clinicians in a uniquely cross-disciplinary, team-focused setting. Teams were formed to encourage equitable distribution of diverse domain-experts and proficient programmers, with beginners to experts on each team. To unify the intellectual framework, we set the focus on the topics of microbiome interactions at different scales from clinical to environmental sciences, leveraging local expertise in the fields of genetics, genomics, clinical data, and social and geospatial sciences. As a result, teams developed working methods and pipelines to face major challenges in current microbiome research, including data integration, experimental power calculations, geospatial mapping, and machine-learning classifiers. This broad, transdisciplinary and efficient workflow will be an example for future workshops to deliver useful data-science products.
STRUCTURE AND TYPOLOGY OF INTELLECTUAL-PERSONAL POTENTIAL OF EMPLOYEES OF THE FEDERAL PENITENTIARY SERVICE OF RUSSIA AT THE INITIAL STAGE OF SERVICE ACTIVITIES
Authors: Koval'chuk Il'ya , Kostina Lyubov' , Kuznecova Irina
Published: December 2020

The article presents the results of an empirical study of the intellectual and personal potential of employees of the FPS of Russia who are at the initial stage of official activity in an educational organization. The study involved 275 employees of 4 specializations ("Penitentiary psychology", "Logistics in the penitentiary system", "organization of the regime in the penitentiary system", "Operational search activity"). To assess the intellectual and personal potential of employees of the FPS of Russia, the following methods were used: "Career orientation questionnaire" by E. Shane in adaptation by V.A. Chiker, V.E. Vinokurova "career Anchors";" Personal profile " by G. Eysenck (Eysenck Personality Profiler) in the adaptation of K. Sugonyaev; test "word Exclusion"; subtest "Numerical series" of the intelligence structure test by R. Amthauer in the adaptation of K. Sugonyaev; "Advanced progressive matrices" by J. Raven. The structure of the intellectual and personal potential of employees of the FPS of Russia includes the following factors: verbal intelligence, nonverbal intelligence, high-speed intellectual, aggressiveness-impulsivity, sociability-anxiety, autonomy, service-motivational. Employees of the FPS of Russia who are at the initial stage of official activity can be classified into separate personality types that differ in intellectual and personal potential: constructive, mediocre and unbalanced. After analyzing the average intellectual-personal potential of each of the three personality types according to objective performance criteria implementation, service and educational and professional activities, revealed the most favorable service activities of the FPS of Russia personality type.
O sentido da fumaça: a circulação da obra de arte e da imagem em y Lucientes de Nuno Ramos
Authors: Boccardo Burini Érica
Published: December 2020

O artigo trata da circulação de imagens dos Desastres da Guerra de Goya, que aparecem em y Lucientes de Nuno Ramos; e da circulação da série de Ramos, que foi apresentada na Art Basel em Miami, e posteriormente, um fragmento dessa série, foi exibido na Galeria Reocupa, na Ocupação 9 de Julho em São Paulo.
Habitar A Escuridão: Materialidades Negras, O Olho E A Quebra
Authors: Gadelha José Juliano
Published: December 2020

Este artigo visa pensar, através de uma série de questões recorrentes e sobrepostas, o status do visível em relação à reflexividade; a captura e a captação dos signos; a violência mimética em suas teias de vitimização e perdão; e o lugar da arte na produção de redes cósmicas e tecnologias ancestrais.
digerir
Authors: Jr. Jandir
Published: December 2020

A troca de e-mails abaixo, ao passo que discute a pesquisa em arte nas universidades, imagina a morte como destino de qualquer texto. Com isso, delineia o desejo de escrever fora dos códices, sem perenidade; recursos tão caros ao academicismo. Baseia-se também em vanguardas da literatura soviética ao cogitar esse limite da existência na escrita.
RETRATO DE VIDA NO TRATO DE MORTE - Intervenções artísticas como retóricas urbanas do trauma
Authors: Xavier Ferreira Hércules Da Silva
Published: December 2020

O artigo traça uma correlação entre o conceito de écfrase, com o gênero pictográfico do retrato, para maior compreensão de grafites feitos a partir de violentos crimes, para ressignificação do trauma como auxílio aos entes queridos da pessoa falecida, servindo ainda como proposta de gerar empatia aos transeuntes que venham admirar a intervenção urbana.
Casas Invisíveis
Authors: Guimarães Mariana De Souza
Published: December 2020

Esse ensaio visual tem como objetivo apresentar um recorte da produção da artista que desenvolve suas pesquisas plásticas e teóricas em artes visuais a partir da investigação do espaço doméstico como espaço de reinvenção e criação de novos mundos em tensionamento com a sustentação do desejo de criação na mulher artista, pesquisadora, mãe, dona de casa.
Mercado de arte e divisão social do trabalho no século 19: o caso de Vincent van Gogh
Authors: Martinez Felipe Sevilhano
Published: December 2020

Este artigo trata de algumas características do mercado de arte do século 19, tais como a promoção da personalidade artística e a ausência de uma colocação bem definida para os artistas na divisão social do trabalho. A partir da carreira e da obra do pintor holandês Vincent van Gogh e das conferências de sobre Economia Política da Arte de John Ruskin, será mostrado que a negação do caráter comercial do mercado de arte e o status do artista na sociedade capitalista são elementos fundamentais para o fortalecimento do próprio mercado.
As imagens conversam
Authors: Montenegro Wilton
Published: December 2020

Este ensaio relaciona fotografia e memória, utilizando as leituras que os filósofos Jacques Derrida e Paul Ricouer, principalmente, fazem de um dos primeiros conceitos escritos por Freud, em 1895, bahnung, inédito por 30 anos, no qual estabelece uma analogia da formação da memória com a fotografia e com o funcionamento de uma câmera cinematográfica.
Dimensões da gestão do cuidado na prática do enfermeiro na atenção primária: revisão integrativa
Authors: Metelski Fernanda Karla , Alves Thaís Fávero , Rosa Rosiane Da , Santos José Luís Guedes dos , Andrade Selma Regina
Published: December 2020

Objetivo: evidenciar as dimensões da gestão do cuidado na prática do enfermeiro na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método: revisão integrativa nas bases de dados: SCOPUS, LILACS, BDENF, MEDLINE, CINAHL, e Web of Science. Foram incluídos artigos originais disponíveis on-line na íntegra, publicados em português, inglês ou espanhol, entre 2012 e 2018. Utilizou-se a análise de conteúdo considerando as seis dimensões da gestão do cuidado: individual, familiar, profissional, organizacional, sistêmica e societária. Resultados: entre os 24 estudos foram analisados, predominaram estudos qualitativos e nacionais. Todas as dimensões estão presentes na prática do enfermeiro. Conclusão: sobressaiu-se a dimensão organizacional, ressaltando a atuação do enfermeiro como gestor, gerente ou coordenador, por meio do exercício da liderança, planejamento e desenvolvimento de atividades gerenciais integradas à assistência. Pontua-se a importância da busca do enfermeiro pelo desenvolvimento contínuo de competências para a gestão do cuidado.
The role of the paramedic in identifying modern slavery
Authors: Wilson Tyra , Hill Lawrence
Published: December 2020

Background:

Modern slavery is the recruitment or harbouring of people through the use of force and coercion for exploitation. Paramedics have significant potential and unique opportunities regarding the detection, prevention and combating of modern slavery.

Aim:

To analyse the literature relating to modern slavery and synthesise it for paramedic practice.

Method:

Following a structured literature review, a comparative analysis was undertaken of articles concerning the relationships between modern slavery and healthcare.

Findings:

Five major themes were identified: barriers to healthcare access; causes of missing the indicators of trafficking; clinician knowledge; the need for training and education; and trauma-informed practices.

Conclusions:

Paramedics are in an optimal position to identify and intervene in cases of modern slavery. The introduction of survivor-centred education is recommended to better understand the barriers to healthcare access.
Identifying wound infections for veterinary nurses
Authors: Curtis Amanda
Published: December 2020

Heavily contaminated wounds are a common occurrence in both referral and primary care practice, with traumatic and bite wounds being among the most typical aetiologies seen. Each type of wound can be affected by numerous factors that can inhibit the healing process, one of these major factors is infection.

Wound infections and the formation of biofilms can present veterinary nurses with a variety of challenges, which is why it is important that we understand the difference between normal inflammatory signs and the signs of infection. The early identification of infection and biofilms within a wound can influence healing times, scar tissue formation and length of healing. This article aims to highlight the difference between inflammation and infection, the different levels of contamination within a wound, and ways to decipher between superficial and deep tissue infections.