bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto in Livestock and Hu-man in Hamadan, Western Iran
Authors: MATINI Mohammad , FALLAH Mohammad , MAGHSOOD Amir Hossein , SAIDIJAM Massoud , FASIHI HARANDI Majid
Published: June 2019

Background: Cystic echinococcosis, a major public health and economic concern, is a zoonotic helminth infection with worldwide distribution. This study was conducted to investigate the genetic characteristics of hydatid cysts isolated from human and livestock in Hamadan region, western Iran during 2016-2017.
Methods: Ten human hydatid cysts and 40 animal hydatid cysts including 32 sheep, 5 cattle and 3 goats were genotyped by PCR amplification of two mitochondrial genes, cox1 and nad1. Genetic identification of the isolates was performed by using bioinformatics software and mtDNA nucleotide sequences of the parasite, available in GenBank database.
Results: The PCR amplification was successfully carried out on 50 hydatid cyst isolates and then the nucleotide sequencing was conducted. The sequence analysis of the samples found that the isolates belonged to E. granulosus sensu stricto including G1 (42/50, 84%), G2 (4/50, 8%) and G3 (4/50, 8%) genotype. The G1 genotype was detected in human (8/10, 80%), sheep (26/32, 81%), cattle (5/5, 100%) and goat (3/3, 100%) hydatid cysts. The G2 and G3 genotypes were found only in sheep and human isolates. Alignment analysis of the cox1 and nad1 gene sequences revealed thirteen and ten sequence types, respectively.
Conclusion: G1 was the prevailing genotype of E. granulosus in the area and dog-sheep transmission cycle should be considered when implementing hydatidosis control programs. In addition, high genetic diversity was detected among the hydatid cyst isolates.
REZAGO Y ABANDONO EDUCATIVO EN COLOMBIA: UN CAMBIO EN LA POLÍTICA PÚBLICA PARA LA EQUIDAD EDUCATIVA
Authors: Rojas Ladino Angela María
Published: June 2019

RESUMEN. A partir de la universalización de la educación básica, secundaria y media se han presentado nuevos retos en materia educativa, los estados latinoamericanos, entre ellos el colombiano, deben enfrentar el reto de garantizar acceso y equidad a la educación para toda la población mediante diversos instrumentos de política pública, esto se dificulta ante las diversas desigualdades que sufren nuestros países, diferencias sociales, económicas, culturales, de género que se ven reflejadas en desigualdades educativas y segregación de los entornos escolares. Así, procesos de largo alcance como el rezago y el abandono escolar, evidencian un proceso de desenganche del entorno escolar el cual está influenciado por factores familiares y escolares, tales como las estrategias de bienestar del hogar y el clima educativo de las instituciones escolares. A partir de este contexto se hace una revisión y propuesta de la política pública colombiana en torno a las problemáticas educativas alrededor del desenganche escolar, con el objetivo de proponer, desde una perspectiva institucional, una hipótesis de intervención que aborde la raíz causal de los factores escolares del rezago y el abandono escolar. Con lo anterior se propone una política encaminada a cambiar la relación que las y los jóvenes tienen con la escuela, basada en la amplitud de la jornada escolar y el abordaje de la idea de escuela democrática.  ABSTRACT. Since the universalization of various levels of education, new challenges had appeared. The Latin American states, including the Colombian, must face the challenge of ensuring access and equality in education for the entire population through different public policy instruments, this has been difficult due to the various social, economic, cultural, gender differences inequalities that our countries suffer, and these are reflected in educational inequalities and segregation of school environments. Thus, long-term processes such as academic lag and school dropout, evidence a process of disengagement from the school environment which is influenced by family and school factors, such as household welfare strategies and the educational climate of school institutions. Based on this, a review and proposal of the Colombian public policy regarding these educational problems is presented. From this context a review and proposal of the Colombian public policy is made around the educational problems around school disengagement, with the aim of proposing, from an institutional perspective, an intervention hypothesis that addresses the causal root of the school factors of dropout and academic lag. With the above, a policy aimed at changing the relationship that young people have with the school is proposed, based on the breadth of the school day and the approach of the idea of a democratic school.
ASPECTOS PSICOJURÍDICOS DA SÍNDROME ALCOÓLICA FETAL
Authors: Honorato Eduardo Jorge Sant'Ana , Da Silva Dalila Azevedo , Dos Santos Eunice Braga Borges , Sobral Alice , De Sousa Daniel Cerdeira
Published: June 2019

RESUMO. Este estudo teve como objetivo realizar uma reflexão a cerca dos aspectos psicológicos e jurídicos da Síndrome Alcoólica Fetal – SAF com a intenção de construir um artigo científico. O método adotado foi uma revisão sistemática da literatura de onde se pode depreender que a SAF está se tornando um problema de saúde pública por ser uma das maiores causas de atraso mental. A SAF é uma doença para a qual não existe a cura, porém é totalmente passível de prevenção por meio da abstinência da ingestão de álcool durante o período de gestacional, quando o sistema nervoso está em processo de formação e desenvolvimento. Nesse momento a família surge como fator protetivo, pois a prevenção pode começar em casa junto da família onde as gestantes possam se sentir mais seguras, com a família acompanhando e suprindo as suas necessidades de desenvolvimento das potencialidades. É também, nesse contexto que o psicólogo pode contribuir trabalhando em equipe com os outros profissionais, não só no nível da avaliação como também no nível da intervenção psicológica. Neste estudo não houve definição se a quantidade álcool ingerido pela gestante tem relevância para o feto em desenvolvimento, porém, ficou claro que a completa abstinência dessa substância é de fundamental importância para a prevenção da SAF. ABSTRACT. This study aimed to carry out a reflection on the psychological and legal aspects of SAF with the intention of building a scientific article. The method used was a systematic review of the literature which can be seen that the SAF is becoming a public health problem because it is a major cause of mental retardation. SAF is a disease for which no cure but is completely preventable by withdrawal of alcohol intake during the gestation period when the nervous system is the formation and development process. At that point the family emerges as a protective factor because prevention can start at home with the family where the pregnant women they can be safer, with family watching and meeting their potentialities development needs is also in this context that the psychologist It presents with with its good practice, serving as a link connection between families and public policies to define strategies of integration and inclusion in society and interaction with other professionals. In this study there was no definition if the amount ingested alcohol by pregnant women is relevant to the developing fetus, but it was clear that the complete withdrawal of this substance is of fundamental importance for the prevention of FAS.
VIOLÊNCIA CONJUGAL ASSOCIADA AO USO ABUSIVO DE ÁLCOOL: UMA REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA INTEGRATIVA
Authors: Honorato Eduardo Jorge Sant'Ana , Da Silva Dalila Azevedo , Borges dos Santos Eunice Braga , Lemos Sonia Maria , De Sousa Daniel Cerdeira , Da Silva Tirza Almeida
Published: June 2019

RESUMO. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão sistemática e analisar as recentes publicações sobre a violência conjugal associada ao uso abusivo de álcool. A ênfase foi dada na síntese e análise de dados qualitativos e quantitativos com o intuito de descrever os tipos de práticas recorrentes de violência conjugal associadas ao uso abusivo de álcool presente nas publicações realizadas no período de 2009 a 2015 na base de dados dos periódicos CAPES. Foram encontrados 29 estudos, sendo excluídos 22 por não atenderem os critérios de seleção estabelecidos. Concluiu-se que os atos de violência grave tiveram prevalência mais baixa do que as relacionadas a tipos de violência leve, sendo que todas estão enquadradas na prática de violência física.  ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review and to analyze the recent publications on marital violence associated with alcohol abuse. Emphasis was placed on the synthesis and analysis of qualitative and quantitative data in order to describe the types of recurrent practices of marital violence associated with abusive use of alcohol present in the publications conducted in the period from 2009 to 2015 in the CAPES journals database. Twenty-nine studies were found, 22 being excluded because they did not meet the established selection criteria. It was concluded that acts of severe violence had lower prevalence than those related to types of mild violence, all of which are framed in the practice of physical violence.
MELHORES PRÁTICAS EM GERENCIAMENTO DE PROJETOS CIVIS PELO USO DO BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING – BIM
Authors: Ribeiro Ciro Jr. Martins , Rodrigues Romante Ezer Ferreira
Published: June 2019

Na contemporaneidade, as falhas mais comuns nos processos de projetos civis estão nos erros ou inexistência da gestão. Este artigo explicita como os softwares de plataforma BIM (Building Information Modeling) podem ser uma solução para processos de projetos mais eficientes e integrados com o gerenciamento e tem como objetivo demonstrar se o uso da plataforma pode ser uma solução para sérios problemas de desenvolvimento eficiente de projetos (design). Através de pesquisa bibliográfica foi possível identificar o potencial do BIM, compará-lo com outros tipos de softwares e identificar a tendência da gestão como fator essencial nos projetos civis atuais, concluindo positivamente uma forte relação entre o problema levantado e a solução estudada.AbstractIn contemporary times, the most common failures in civil project processes are in lack or inexistence of management. This article explains how BIM (Building Information Modeling) softwares can be a solution for more efficient and integrated project processes with management and aims to demonstrate if the use of the platform can be a solution to serious problems of efficient development of designs. Through bibliographic research it was possible to identify the potential of BIM, compare it with other types of software and identify the tendency of management as an essential factor in current civil projects, concluding positively a Strong relation between the problem raised and a solution studied.
MODELAGEM DO COMPORTAMENTO LÍQUIDO-VAPOR EM EQUILÍBRIO ISOBÁRICO PARA A MISTURA HEXAMETILDISILOXANO + ACETATO DE SEC-BUTILA
Authors: Rodrigues Plínio Ribeiro , Nunes Jéssica Magalhães Neves
Published: June 2019

O hexametildisiloxano (HMDSO) e o acetato de sec-butila (ACSB) são compostos orgânicos utilizados em diversas aplicações tecnológicas, dentre elas a síntese química de vários produtos de interesse farmacêutico. No presente trabalho, as composições da mistura dos compostos em equilíbrio foram determinadas por meio do método Bolha P, calculado pela equação de estado cúbica com parâmetros de Peng-Robinson para a pressão de 101,3 kPa. Os erros médios percentuais entre os dados calculados e os valores experimentais também foram determinados, o que permitiu mostrar a precisão do modelo estudado em simular o sistema termodinâmico. Dessa maneira, o modelo mostrou-se útil para o cálculo da composição do equilíbrio do sistema binário avaliado, refletindo o comportamento real da mistura com precisão média de 90,57%, sendo, portanto, adequado a aplicações tecnológicas que exijam exatidão relativamente elevada e servindo de base para estudos futuros de modelagem do sistema HMDSO + ACSB. AbstractHexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) and sec-butyl acetate (ACSB) are organic compounds used in various technological applications, such as the chemical synthesis of various products of pharmaceutical interest. In the present work, mixture compositions of the compounds in equilibrium were determined by the Bubble P method, calculated by the cubic state equation with Peng-Robinson parameters for the pressure of 101.3 kPa. Mean percentage errors between the calculated and the experimental data were also determined, which allowed to indicate the precision of the model studied for the thermodynamic system modeling. In this way, the model proved to be useful for calculating the equilibrium composition of the evaluated binary system, reflecting the actual behavior of the mixture with an average accuracy of 90.57%; and is therefore suitable for technological applications that require relatively high accuracy and serving as basis for HMDSO + ACSB system future modeling studies.
Influence of the Main Parameters of Selective Laser Melting on Stability of Single Track Formation when ‘Growing’ Parts from Copper Alloys
Authors: Grigoriyants A.G. , Kolchanov D.S. , Drenin A.A. , Denezhkin A.O.
Published: June 2019

Selective laser melting technology has the ability to directly produce finished parts, and is economically efficient for single or small batch production. Copper and its alloys are of great interest due to their high thermal and electrical conductivity. The influence of build process parameters, such as scanning speed and layer thickness on the stability of single track formation using a heat-resistant copper alloy PR-BrKh was investigated in this paper. The mechanism of single track formation was studied. As a result, patterns of formation of a stable single track were established, the upper and lower limits of the build parameters were determined. The results of the study provide a deeper understanding of the copper alloys selective laser melting process and may serve as a basis for determining the optimal parameters’ range for ‘growing’ solid structures.
Bypass Turbojet Engines
Authors: Pismennyi V.L.
Published: June 2019

Subsonic bypass turbojet engines of the fifth generation have reached technical maturity, with overall efficiency of 35–38%. Without changing the thermodynamic cycle of the engine, any further work in this direction is futile. The researcher proposes a method of increasing the thermodynamic effectiveness of heat engines based on the so called internal thermodynamic cycles (Pismennyi cycles). The internal cycles possess remarkable characteristics: they increase the effective work output and the heat engine efficiency (thermal and effective); furthermore, they remove temperature restrictions. A gas dynamic design of a bypass turbojet engine is developed based on the internal thermodynamic cycle. Two heat exchangers (circulating and regenerating) are installed in the bypass duct, the first of which can increase the gas temperature before the fan to 2300 K and higher, while the second one can cool the exhaust temperature down to the level comparable to the air temperature behind the fan. Depending on the thrust, general efficiency of the engine in cruise mode (H = 11 km, M = 0.8) can reach 45–55 %. Compared to bypass turbojet engines of the fifth generation (Trent 1000, GP7270, PW4460, etc.), fuel savings with the new design are estimated to be more than 20 %. With the adoption of the proposed jet engine design the total economic impact for airlines can exceed $10 billion annually.
The Commitment of Foreign Direct Investment and Foreign Portfolio Investment on the Monetary Development of Pakistan
Authors: Yousfani Kinza , Khowaja Farhana , Yousfani Ahmed Ali
Published: June 2019

Foreign direct investment has played an essential role in the economic growth of developing countries. The flow of foreign capital in the capital takes place mostly in the form of loans, foreign direct investment (FDI) and foreign portfolio investment (FPI). The FDI could influence higher consumption and Investment in short-term and reflect destructively on long-term growth. However, an increase in FDI may decrease FPI volatility because it enhances the confidence of foreign investors and brings more investment in the home country. The Pakistan growth rate was witnessed from 2001-2016, which was descending due to various macroeconomic variables which influence the foreign direct investment of Pakistan. The FDI affects positively in the development process and economic progress as it supplies capital for developing nations for investment purpose. A few investigations have been directed on contact between FDI, FPI and large-scale manufacturing. Because of this plausibility, FDI impacts monetary extension, and thus, financial solidness impact FDI inflow, the connection among FDI and the development of the economy are likely unique. Also, the remote venture may impact monetary progression legitimately and in a roundabout way. In this manner, it is recommended in reliance hypothesis that FDI stream would not impact long haul practical limit in creating economies. Henceforth the progression of remote capital in a nation happens for the most part as credits, FDI and FPI. Likewise, the determinants of FPI incorporates factors which increment interest for outside trade and urges remote speculators to contribute their capital over the creating scene. Hence, therefore, this paper highlights the importance of FDI and FPI on the growth of developing countries.
Discussing Opportunities and Crisis in The Horn of Africa (Hoa)
Authors: Abdilahi Abdilahi Ismail
Published: June 2019

In this article, an analytical framework is adopted to analyze the socio-political status and economic performance of the Horn of Africa (HOA) region, consisting of Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, and Somalia. We have identified the essential socio-economic factors, and constraints specific to each country. The efforts on lifting these constraints and future opportunities for growth are discussed. Such a case study approach provides valuable insight to help policymakers create a targeted strategy for development. The study explores the current state of HOA, in terms of the growth in the Horn region, taking into account factors such as poor social returns, policy, restricted access to finance, instability and market failures.
Design and organisation of structural health monitoring system on high-speed railway bridge constructions
Authors: Belyi Andrei , Baranovskii Aleksei , Vorobiev Dmitrii , Dolinskii Kirill , Dyachenko Leonid , Osadchiy German
Published: June 2019

Objective: Structural health monitoring actions designing for high-speed railway engineering constructions to decrease risk of loss consumer properties of bearing designs Methods: The analysis and accounting of the specific conditions and impacts inherent in constructions of high-speed railways, in total with the existing normative and regulatory documents, and also international background of design and development of structural health monitoring systems on bridge objects. The system approach to the solution of the formulated purpose which is expressed in preparation of the project decisions that are based on the integrated principles of functioning of developed structural health monitoring system. Results: Project decisions on structural health monitoring system of high-speed railway Moscow-Kazan-Yekaterinburg constructions were made. In particular, the actions for the monitoring organization on the unified designs of superstructures and piers (including their separate elements) are developed, considering both static and dynamic components of impacts and loadings being planned. The key parameters subject to monitoring are: absolute and relative designs shift; dynamic characteristics; the stressed-deformed condition of superstructure, piles, a rail and rail temperature. Practical importance: The actions, developed by authors and stated in the article, for design and organization of bridge constructions structural health monitoring on high-speed railways have no analogs in domestic practice so far. Cost efficiency and the unified approach to the proposed solutions were considered as of primary importance in the given study. From the practical point of view, in the future, these actions will make it possible to provide and support the set standard (project) levels of reliability, safety and durability of bridge constructions
Universal method of track structure elements’ bearing capacity assessment on the basis of beam on elastic foundation simulation model
Authors: Govorov Vadym , Sultanov Naryman , Chusovytyn Maksim
Published: June 2019

Objective: To develop a universal method of track structure elements’ strength analysis, taking into account variable cross-section of elements and the form of foundation. To provide a graph-analytical model of analysis, as the basis of the method, for calculating stress-strain state characteristics of a beam on elastic foundation. Methods: Graph-analytical method was used to identify the characteristics of stress-strain state of a beam on elastic foundation. The method in question is an alternative one, compared to a routine theoretical calculation, the basis of which is a fundamental equation of a bending line and further from this equation, by means of successive integration method, any characteristic of stress-strain state of a beam on elastic foundation can be obtained. Results: A universal graph-analytical method was developed, taking into account factors, which cause deviation from a theoretical scheme of a beam bearing on elastic foundation, such as the possibility of calculating different elements of track structure bearing capacity, considering its variable cross-section (sole chairs, ferroconcrete sleepers, tongues, frogs, etc.), foundation form alternation, on which the calculated elements bear, as well as unequal elasticity of foundation. Practical importance: Application of such a universal method, which differs from an accepted idealized scheme of a beam bearing on elastic foundation, offers wide perspectives in stress-strain state assessment of not only new tracks, being designed, but also in the process of their current state. Application of the method in question makes it possible to avoid analytical lengthy mathematical calculations with any form of cross-section alternation along the length of a beam, with any form of foundation, as well as heavy expenditures, compared to other modern bearing capacity calculating methods, such as finite element method, finite difference method, and finite volume method.
Tram’s efficiency and competitiveness increase on passenger market
Authors: Dudkyn Yevgeniy , Chernyayeva Viktoriya , Doronycheva Svetlana , Smyrnov Kirill
Published: June 2019

Objective: To justify a list of measures, allowing for the increase of tram’s competitiveness and efficiency on a transportation services’ market. Transport is one of the key elements of city’s social and economic development, consuming a considerable amount of resources. At present, the issue of municipal passenger complex development is topical, both in Russia and abroad. For a majority of cities the main types of urban transport are: a subway, a tram, a trolleybus and a bus. In recent years, a tram does not only restore, but also wins one’s way in urban transport systems. Vast experience of tram’s application has justified its profitability, high carrying capacity and the ability and possibility to achieve higher speeds; moreover, modern track design application with adoption of most recent technologies of noise and jittering reduction increases residents’ attraction from an aesthetic point of view and also decreases a detrimental impact on ecosystems. Methods: Having taken the present methods of capital efficiency as a basis for the research, a methodology has been suggested, taking into account different factors when justifying capital efficiency in the construction of new and the development of the existing municipal facilities of railroad transport, particularly, a tram. The key concept, built into the methodology in question, is the assessment of capital efficiency in the process of development of the existing and construction of the new lines of municipal transport, on the basis of their in-depth technical and economic assessment, carried from the viewpoint of capital and operational costs, significant social and economic, ecological effects and losses, occurring in the process of construction and maintenance of transportation facilities. Results: New methods of increasing the competitiveness and efficiency of modernization of the existing and constructing of the new tram lines in cities were justified. Practical importance: The determination of real spheres of trams’ usage increases economic efficiency and social attraction of urban transport определение реальных сфер использования трамвая повышает экономическую эффективность и социальную привлекательность городского транспорта
Instrument accuracy influence on kinematics of rotary traverse of axial gear set with horizontal jet thrust in a group tractive drive of a lokomotive
Authors: Kruchek Victor , Yevstafiyev Andrey
Published: June 2019

Objective: To obtain analytical responses of linear and angular movements of horizontal jet thrust and axial reduction unit, appearing in the process of their production and group tractive drive assembly, occurring as a result of vertical wheelset and engine’s undercarriage frame shifts during engine movement. The given responses are the basis for identifying its velocity, acceleration, and dynamic loads on drive components, as well as searching for methods to boost drive components reliability, taking into account its constructive specificities and running conditions. Methods: Analytical responses were identified on the basis of higher mathematics, the laws of theoretical mechanics as well as trigonometry knowledge application. Results: Analytical responses of kinematic spatial movements of horizontal jet thrust and an axial reduction unit with instrument accuracy of a group tractive drive were obtained from vertical engine’s undercarriage frame shifts and locomotives wheelset. Boundary conditions of jet thrust slopes were detected, as well as center lines of axial reduction units. The analysis of established relations was performed. Possible scheme variants of spatial movements of horizontal jet thrust and a wheel set axial reduction unit in engine’s undercarriage frame were presented with possible discrepancies of linear dimensions from production tolerance. Characteristic curves of vertical shifts of actual towline constructions from vertical shifts of undercarriage frame during locomotive’s movement were graphed. Practical importance: On the basis of obtained relations the analysis of linear displacement, angular velocities and accelerations of jet thrusts and wheel set axial reduction units is possible, as well as the generation of rational and robust wheel set cardan tractive gear constructions for locomotives with minimal dynamic load on its elements. The results of analytical research might be applied in the designing of new engines with high dynamic parameters.
Influence of car pumping on the power consumption for train traction
Authors: Boronenko Yury , Komarova Anna , Romen Yury
Published: June 2019

Objective: To estimate the influence of dynamic processes in the system «car – track», considering different structures of undercarriages to the resistance to the train motion and power consumption for the train traction. Methods: This paper uses mathematic simulation method. Results: A significant difference was found between the theoretical results, obtained by using simulation methods, and the results, obtained by using nominal equations, in estimation of power consumption. Practical importance: Results of the research demonstrate, that it is necessary to adjust the techniques of estimation of resistance to the train motion and corresponding calculations of expenses for train traction because of alterations of structures of modern bogies.
Neural networks within the systems of converter control of electric rolling stock
Authors: Kochkar Timofey , Maznev Aleksandr
Published: June 2019

Objective: To improve the performance and accuracy of the system of voltage and frequency control for asynchronous traction motor (ATD) of rolling stock. Methods: To estimate the influence of artificial neural networks (INS) implementation to ATD control systems on the control indexes the comparison method was used. Results: The paper examines the possibility of INS implementation within the systems of direct control of traction electric motor moment. It also suggests a method of INS implementation as a ATD flow monitor. It provides the options of implementation and indicates the features of monitor structure design. Practical importance: Integration of the method of direct moment control and using of neural network technologies allows to improve the structure of converters and to improve the accuracy and the performance of output parameters, that, in its turn, decreases the power consumption, as well as losses in traction converters.
Expertise of fire and industrial safety of buildings and building structures with crane loads
Authors: Akhtyamov Rasul
Published: June 2019

Objective: Scientific substantiation of a sequence of expertise of fire and industrial safety of buildings and building structures with crane loads. Methods: Decision making theory. Results: Discusses the problem of crane equipment safety included in the lists of machinery and equipment subject to obligatory certification of conformity requirements of technical regulations on safety of machines and equipment. In accordance with the analysis of the causes of accidents of crane equipment, it is established that the main cause of accidents are human error (e. g., violation of regulatory requirements when conducting repair work). Allocated and describes the characteristics of fire and industrial safety expertise of buildings and building structures with crane loads. The main content of the expertise is the preliminary hazard analysis, which is a method of analysis whose purpose is to identify hazards, hazardous situations and events that could cause harm hazardous production facilities operating lifting equipment. The author focuses on the fact that during the expertise of industrial safety is calculated of the actual physical deterioration of the crane equipment, and buildings with crane loads, to determine its further exploitation. Cast lifting devices into compliance with the requirements of fire and industrial safety is based on: peer-diagnostic tests; retrofitting the necessary equipment and safety devices; carrying out major rehabilitation and equipment repair. Practical importance: Еxpertise of industrial safety of buildings and building structures with crane loads in the proposed sequences will provide the required level of security and reliability of the equipment used; will allow you to reduce the downtime of equipment and time to repair used equipment.
Methods for analysis of and ways to minimize energy providers’ technology and technical risks
Authors: Sukhova Aleksandra , Elizareva Elena
Published: June 2019

Objective: Identifying an accurate quantitative risk assessment. FEC (Fuel and Energy Complex) plants are a high-risk area as they may cause manmade disasters, various accidents, pose a threat to human life and environment. In addition, the Russian energy industry is noted for its high complexity and social responsibility. Its specific feature is that it is not always possible to make an accurate quantitative risk assessment reasonably in advance and its degree determination methods are not well enough developed. In view of the above, there are some difficulties in minimizing the risks and estimating risk management costs. There has been a recent trend in improved current legislation on industrial safety and Rostechnadzor (Federal Environmental, Industrial and Nuclear Supervision Service of Russia) oversight and supervision activity practice toward implementing a risk-based approach using the risk analysis methods. It allows optimizing the methods and frequency of inspections made by regulatory bodies depending on the risk level of facilities supervised. Methods: The (accident) risk analysis is performed as a certain scientific justification set forth using qualitative and quantitative analysis of a potential accident likelihood, consequences of its occurrence, and identification of the weakest points in the engineering system or complex. Using fault tree analysis, this article identifies hazards and assesses the high-pressure gas pipeline loss of containment risk, one of the events possible for an energy provider in operation. Results: Based on the risk analysis, there has been a proposal to replace gland seal valves with bellows seal valves noted for their optimum relationship between the unit reliability, cost and sophistication level. In case the facilities with gland seal valves remain in operation, improved production process monitoring is recommended using gas leak detectors and automatic interlocking devices. Practical importance: The measures proposed will allow minimizing the gas pipeline loss of containment risk.
Ensuring fire safety for autogas filling stations in town
Authors: Shavaliev Roman , Yagudin Rinat , Valeev Daniil , Elizareva Elena , Marvanov Roman
Published: June 2019

Objective: To ensure industrial safety for autogas filling stations operated in town, analyzing the current status of the issue and identifying accident causes are performed. Methods: It is shown that most motor vehicles are not designed to use liquefied gas as a fuel and consequently converted to fit gas cylinders for using liquefied petroleum gases (LPG) making the hazard to people much higher and contributing to autogas filling station chain growth. As the filling station process involves highly flammable gases, such facilities may be referred to as fire and explosion hazardous. Results: Making a selection of a typical autogas filling station based on systems analysis methods and also approved methods, an emergency is simulated with a gas-air mixture explosion in implementing a worst-case scenario (LPG escape resulting from a destroyed tank truck forming a primary gas-vapor cloud with the gas-air mixture exploding): injurious effects and potential impact are assessed. It is identified that within a 50 m radius there is a risk that people may be affected and also that buildings and structures placed in close vicinity to it be damaged, which causes a special threat if located close to other autogas filling stations. As one of the primary goals for safe operation of autogas filling stations is keeping rated operating conditions for process equipment components, a number of early preventive measures has to be taken, which would allow avoiding any emergencies. Practical importance: Following the patent study, a dusty cloud generation device based on an explosion overpressure triggering mechanism for explosion containment is contemplated and proposed and its location and operating conditions are recommended, which will make the facility better protected from fire and explosion hazards.
Safety management of high-speed railway transport
Authors: Shmatchenko Vladimir , Plekhanov Pavel
Published: June 2019

Objective: To determine the main approaches to safety management of high-speed railway transport on the basis of modern international and domestic practices in the specified sphere. Methods: Analysis methods of security risks on railway transport were considered in accordance with modern international standards of management of interconnected indices’ complex, which include reliability, availability, maintainability and safety and cost (Life Cycle Cost – LCC) at all stages of transportation systems’ life cycle: EN 50126 (IEC 62278), EN 50128 (IEC 62279), EN 50129 (IEC 62425) and IEC 60300-3-3. Results: The main approaches to safety measures of high-speed railway lines (VSM) were detected. The former involve using a lifecycle concept of engineering systems and facilities, management methodology of RAMS/LCC interconnected indices’ complex at all stages of a life cycle, wide application of the process approach and the tools of quality and safety management systems, development and implementation of technological maturity assessment methodology for security management activities, as well as object-oriented and coherent improvement of regulatory base, the systems of administrative and control and permission authorities, technical and technological development, management of external, inland and allocated risks under market relations. Practical importance: The examined approaches of VSM safety control make it possible to obtain a priori estimates of safety control processes and thus determine the achieved level of safety together with the levels of technological maturity of railway organizations’ processes.
The new solutions for power lines’ protective devices
Authors: Voinov Kirill , Chernysheva Yulia
Published: June 2019

Objective: Patented and experimentally fulfilled development of supported electric cables and wires’ successful protection from snow build-up, ice covering and possible breakages, caused by strong rushes of wind, was suggested for pilot installing in operation. It is known that, on average, the financial losses of our country from wire breakages amount to about 1 billion rubles. Nevertheless, some districts are left without heat and light, which demands the start of emergency electric power sources and sending the repair squads for power lines’ breakage elimination. Methods: Experimental tests were conducted under conditions close to natural, that is, in winter time and open air. Results: Original and simple implementation solutions of effective damping of possible wire oscillations corroborated the impossibility of resonant swinging of wires formation, which considerably increases the reliability of line functioning. Practical importance: Positive results, indicating a complex fulfillment of the set objective on wires’ protection were obtained, which demonstrate commercial efficiency of the study.
Vibrations’ formation and transmission during high-speed trains’ operation
Authors: Tytova Tamila , Shashuryn Aleksander , Buzhynskiy Konstantin , Svetlov Valeriy
Published: June 2019

Objective: To determine the mechanisms of vibration’s occurrence and transmission during high-speed trains’ operation. Methods: The occurrence and transmission of vibration is calculated by means of vibration attenuation calculation method, which results from the extension of the vibration wave front in space, ground internal loss and elastic medium wave impedance. Results: Theoretical studies were generally confirmed by the results of experimental studies. Practical importance: Application of the given calculation method of vibration dumping in the early stages of high-speed railway lines construction, in order to predict the level of vibrations and select the means of level protection.
THE STUDY OF TAPERED MAGNETIC BEARING
Authors: Kim Konstantin , Kim Konstantin
Published: June 2019

Objective: To justify the choice of tapered magnetic bearing parameters (with combined radial and axial control), to elaborate recommendations, the fulfillment of which will make it possible to significantly improve the characteristics of rotating rotor magnetic levitation of an electric machine. Methods: Analytical methods of traditional electric engineering, as well as the laboratory-based method. Results: It was established that: the control along radial and axial coordinates is independent, despite the fact that steering forces are created by common electromagnets; linear approximation allowing for small oscillations in radial and axial directions the stability of holding rotating rotor is provided by the same laws of control as for a standard circular magnetic bearing; the latter are characterized by a disadvantage, connected with the loss (or deterioration) of radial control in the start-up mode, caused by the common core in axial and radial channels of control; the significant stiffness and steering force may be achieved in the operating area of axial coordinate variation by simultaneously keeping the maximum radial stiffness, sufficient for the start-up mode, by means of purpose-built nonlinear function generators in an electronic circuit diagram of the controlling system; ease of adjustment highly determines the successful bearing setting. Practical importance: The elaborated recommendations will make it possible to design tapered magnetic bearings for high-speed electric machines.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS OF FORCE IMPACT ON THE TRACK WITH APPLICATION OF SCHLUMPF, “RZhD-2016” AND “NVTs-TKP” METHODS
Authors: Petrov Anton , Yeliseyev Kirill , Tretyakov Alexander , Marykyn Alexander , Nikityn Victor , Zymakova Mariya , Kozlov Pavel
Published: June 2019

Objective: To improve the integrity of running and dynamic testing results of force impact on the track, on the basis of modern facilities of data logging and wireless transmission from rotary elements of a car, as well as the change from indirect to direct methods of measurement. Methods: Comparative running and dynamic tests of the impact on the track were held simultaneously on the same section of the track, using three methods of logging vertical and side forces, that is Schlumpf (State Standard R 55050-2012), “RZhD-2016” and “NVTs-TKP” methods. The key difference of the third method was the application of strain-gauge set of wheels (TKP), making it possible to keep a continuous record of forces acting in the “wheel-rail” system throughout the track, whereas other methods allowed for the realization of the above mentioned only on districts with a limited amount of sections. Results: According to the results of comparative testing, a conclusion was made on the improvement of integrity and justification of the method of “NVTs-TKP” with an application of strain-gauge set of wheels. Practical importance: It was suggested to apply “NVTs-TKP” method to implementing organizations of running and dynamic tests when evaluating the load of an innovative rolling stock on the track.
TECHNICAL STATE CONTROL OF THE TRACK WITH THE SUPPORT OF THE DIVISION OF INFRASTRUCTURE
Authors: Shtykov Valeriy , Chernyayev Yevgeniy , Zakharov Vladislav
Published: June 2019

Objective: To analyze the options of organizational management of infrastructure runningmaintenance with the support of integrated teams. Methods: The methods of comparison of organizational management on infrastructure maintenance were applied. The analysis was applied for the purposes of studying the system of control organization of technical state of the track in the conditions of restructuring the divisions of October directorate of OAO “RZhD” subsidiary infrastructure. Results: The conclusion was made on the necessity of structural adjustments in track facilities, aimed at creating undertakings, capable of solving the tasks on safe operation management of infrastructure facilities in an integrated manner. Evaluation of service experience of the division of infrastructure justifies its efficiency as regards organization of maintenance system, facilities of automatics and telemechanics, as well as operational costs optimization for maintenance work of infrastructure facilities in different service conditions. The main principles as regards changing the system of track maintenance and signaling arrangements were elaborated on the basis of the revealed characteristic features of the division of infrastructure operation management in the conditions of the October railroad. Practical importance: The system of track maintenance and signaling arrangements may be improved by means of the elaborated proposals.
THE POSSIBILITIES OF USING PROCESS APPROACH TO MANAGEMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGES
Authors: Bozhko Lesya
Published: June 2019

Objective: To consider the meaning of process approach, which may be the basis for the development of successful programs and procedures of change management and the possibility of its application in change management. Methods: The comparative description of process approach to change management was conducted. The author of the study selected, analyzed and evaluated some model changes of national and foreign scientists. Results: It was determined during the research that the process approach to change management was presented by a number of continuous interrelated actions of conducting changes. Thus, it is presumed that each process change model undergoes all the stages contained in it. The key points of process approach, being significant for change management – continuity and interconnection, were detected. Therefore, each stage of change process is a compulsory function, which provides for the successful result. It was noted, that the fulfillment of each stage might have specific embodiment for concrete changes. It was concluded, that the process approach is more flexible than the project one. It was proved, that the process approach is universal to change management. Practical importance: The results and conclusions of the study may be applied in determining tasks, compiling a list of change management functions, programs and procedures of organizational changes.
VALIDATION OF DATA CONVERSION IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Authors: Goloskokov Konstantin , Chirkova Marina , Login Elina
Published: June 2019

Objective: To find the method of data processing validation in the process of data systems engineering (IS), that provides for reliability of information at different stages of data processing (keying, reading different types of transfer support, storing, channeling, processing, presenting results to the user, etc.). Methods: The methods of statistical theory of reliability and the theory of information coding were applied, as the reliability of control options (by a human-operator, by means of hardware device, via program, etc.) significantly differs which leads to efficiency changes of one and the same method, depending on its concrete implementation. Measures on reducing a number of occurring distortions were taken in addition to error control methods. Commonly used parameters of the given methods prevent from the unified position assessment of the simultaneous application effect of different control methods and measures, aimed at reducing the number of errors, not related to control, taking into account their mutual influence, reliability and implementation structure. Results: The task of using different methods of error control (protective coding, checking sums application, duplication of operations with results comparison, data visual inspection, acceptable range check when entering some data, etc.) was solved, as well as the methods not related to control (the selection of input values from a pre-arranged list, errorfree performance of the staff incentive, etc.). In the process of IS engineering it became possible to assess the effect from application of a separate method and a group of different methods of reliability improvement at different stages of data processing. Practical importance: The considered approach makes it possible to assess detectivity of separate and the complex of control methods at the stages of data conversion in the process of IS engineering, as well as to consider from unified positions the impact of measures, not related to control, on information integrity.