bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mobile Robot Path Planning Based on Enhanced Dynamic Window Approach and Improved A

∗

Algorithm
Authors: Yang Hongxia , Teng Xingqiang
Published: March 2022

Path planning is one of the most popular researches on mobile robots, and it is the key technology to realize autonomous navigation of robots. Aiming at the problem that the mobile robot may collide or fail along the planned path in an environment with random obstacles, a robot path planning scheme that combines the improved A

∗

algorithm with an enhanced dynamic window method is proposed. In the improved A

∗

algorithm, in order to improve the algorithm efficiency, so that a single planning path can pass through multiple target points, the search point selection strategy and evaluation function are optimized. In order to achieve local obstacle avoidance and pursuit of dynamic target points in dynamic and complex environments, an online path planning method combining enhanced dynamic window algorithm and global path planning information is proposed. The preview deviation angle tracking method is used to successfully capture moving target points. It also improves the efficiency of path planning and ensures that on the basis of the global optimal path, the random obstacle can be avoided in real time so that the robot can reach the target point smoothly. The simulation results show that compared with other methods, the proposed method achieves excellent global and local path planning performance, the planned trajectory is smoother, and the search efficiency is higher in complex environments.
Folic Acid Modified Glucosamine/Methotrexate Polymer Targeted Therapy for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Zhang Zongfang , Pang Jie , Li Yanxia , Yang Wenwen , Cui Xin , Xu Huaheng
Published: March 2022

Objective. To develop a targeted drug for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Methods. In this study, methotrexate (MTX) was combined with glucosamine (Glu) and modified with folic acid (FA) to prepare folic acid‐glucosamine/methotrexate polymer (FA‐Glu/MTX). The stability, sustained release, cytotoxicity, and therapeutic effect were evaluated based on in vitro and in vivo experiments. Results. FA‐Glu/MTX had good stability, sustained release, and low cytotoxicity. In addition, the results of in vivo experiments proved that compared with MTX, FA‐Glu/MTX has a stronger therapeutic effect on RA and has certain targeting properties. Conclusion. FA‐Glu/MTX is expected to become a new option for RA treatment.
Study on Double-Layer Stereo Ecological Cultivation Technology of Greenhouse Gardening Fruit Trees
Authors: Chen Gang , Boddu Rajasekhar
Published: March 2022

Global food demand can be met by agricultural technology. But the increase in demand also needs effective planting and sufficient illumination in order for crops to grow. In order to solve the problems of low planting efficiency and insufficient illumination in traditional greenhouse horticultural fruit tree planting, we propose a three-dimensional double-layer ecological cultivation technology for greenhouse horticultural fruit trees. The design is a double-layered three-dimensional cultivation model. After the growth rate of horticultural fruit trees is determined, the optimal distance between the two-dimensional cultivation layers is determined by weighted Euclidean distance, and the double-layer three-dimensional ecological cultivation mode of greenhouse horticultural fruit trees is designed. Through the analysis of the irradiance of the double bed planting mode, the design of the light environment in horticultural fruit tree planting is completed. A principal component analysis was used to determine the amount of soil components in double-layer three-dimensional ecological cultivation of greenhouse horticultural fruit trees, and the technology of double-layer three-dimensional ecological cultivation was developed. The results show that the planting efficiency of horticultural fruit trees planted by the technology is always higher than 90%, and the illumination in the planting environment is sufficient.
The Linear Fitting Method for Model of PIN Array Receiver in Space Optical Communication
Authors: Qinggui H.
Published: March 2022

We have proposed PIN array as receiver in space optical communication and adopted the double diode model, the widely accepted solar energy output theory, to study its characteristics of output current and voltage. In order to make the calculation simplified, the linear fitting method is put forward. Later, we adopt both the traditional method Newton-Raphson and the new linear fitting method to calculate the values of both maximum power and the corresponding voltage of 3 × 3 PIN array. The comparison result shows the calculated values with two methods are good consistent. It validates the feasibility of the new linear fitting method. In the next step, the experiment has been carried out. The experimental result validates the reasonability of adopting the double diode model to study PIN array. At the same time, it validates the feasibility of the new linear fitting method again.
Study on Developments in Protection Coating Techniques for Steel
Authors: V Sharun , M Rajasekaran , Kumar S. Suresh , Tripathi Vikas , Sharma Rajneesh , Puthilibai G. , Sudhakar M. , Negash Kassu
Published: March 2022

Steel, also known as iron alloy, is found 35% of the whole mass of the Earth. It is found in many applications due to its unique properties. Alloying elements provide the backbone support for iron, improving its mechanical, physical, chemical, and structural properties. Failure of steel is due to chemical reaction i.e., corrosion, and it is unavoidable, but it can be prolonged. Applications such as marine have a salt corrosive environment. High-temperature applications such as power plants, gas turbines components, and combustion engine components accelerate air oxidization at higher temperatures. Protection coating alters the chemical composition of alloy surfaces by using techniques like conversion coating, mechanical alloying, ion beam implantation, laser cladding, and thermochemical treatments. Protection coatings adhere to the steel surface and prevent steel from direct contact with the environment, which is formed by chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, electroplating, chemical bath, sol-gel, thermal spraying, and hot-dip coating. These coatings are used to reduce the chemical reaction in accelerated corrosion environments so that the life span of the steel is further enhanced, thereby decreasing the replacement cost. These coating methods and coating materials play a vital role in corrosion and other corrosion-associated failure protection. The coating materials like chromium and cadmium produce carcinogenic gases. Coating methods such as thermal spraying, hot-dip coating, and thermochemical treatment produce by-products that affect the environment by releasing pollutants. It is essential to choose coating materials and methods that do not influence the environment and ecosystem. In this work, processing techniques available to prepare the protective coating for steel are discussed. The methods used to enhance the properties of steel and the various real-time characterizations are also discussed. In addition, challenges and opportunities in the proposed scope are also included.
The Value of Artificial Intelligence Film Reading System Based on Deep Learning in the Diagnosis of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer and the Significance of Efficacy Monitoring: A Retrospective, Clinical, Nonrandomized, Controlled Study
Authors: Chen Yunbing , Tian Xin , Fan Kai , Zheng Yanni , Tian Nannan , Fan Ka
Published: March 2022

Objective. To explore the value of artificial intelligence (AI) film reading system based on deep learning in the diagnosis of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the significance of curative effect monitoring. Methods. We retrospectively selected 104 suspected NSCLC cases from the self-built chest CT pulmonary nodule database in our hospital, and all of them were confirmed by pathological examination. The lung CT images of the selected patients were introduced into the AI reading system of pulmonary nodules, and the recording software automatically identified the nodules, and the results were compared with the results of the original image report. The nodules detected by the AI software and film readers were evaluated by two chest experts and recorded their size and characteristics. Comparison of calculation sensitivity, false positive rate evaluation of the NSCLC software, and physician’s efficiency of nodule detection whether there was a significant difference between the two groups. Results. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive rate, and false positive rate of NSCLC diagnosed by radiologists were 72.94% (62/85), 92.06% (58/63), 81.08% (62+58/148), 92.53% (62/67), and 7.93% (5/63), respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive prediction rate, and false positive rate of AI film reading system in the diagnosis of NSCLC were 94.12% (80/85), 77.77% (49/63), 87.161% (

80
+
49

/148), 85.11% (80/94), and 22.22% (14/63), respectively. Compared with radiologists, the sensitivity and false positive rate of artificial intelligence film reading system in the diagnosis of NSCLC were higher (

P
<
0.05

). The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive prediction rate, and negative prediction rate of artificial intelligence film reading system in evaluating the efficacy of patients with NSCLC were 87.50% (63/72), 69.23% (9/13), 84.70% (

63
+
9

)/85, 94.02% (63/67), and 50% (9/18), respectively. Conclusion. The AI film reading system based on deep learning has higher sensitivity for the diagnosis of NSCLC than radiologists and can be used as an auxiliary detection tool for doctors to screen for NSCLC, but its false positive rate is relatively high. Attention should be paid to identification. Meanwhile, the AI film reading system based on deep learning also has a certain guiding significance for the diagnosis and treatment monitoring of NSCLC.
A Global Optimization Algorithm for Intelligent Electromechanical Control System with Improved Filling Function
Authors: Zhang Shuguang , Srividya Kode , Kakaravada Ismail , Karras Dimitrios A. , Jagota Vishal , Hasan Inamul , Rahmani Abdul Wahab
Published: March 2022

To improve the speed of global optimization algorithm, a class of global optimization algorithms for intelligent electromechanical control system with improved filling function is proposed. By attaching the intelligent managing system improving algorithm and the filling function procedure, the algorithm can stand out from the current particular optimal solution, avoid the phenomenon of falling into the local favorable solution in the process of algorithm iteration, make the algorithm find a better solution, and improve the efficiency of solving the multiextremum global improving problem. Multiextremum-seeking is an optimal control technique that works with unknown conditions while assuming that measurements of the plant’s input and output signals are accessible. The presented work is for an electromechanical system which will handle the low accuracy and untimely tendency of conventional systems which are used in various practical applications. Few learning algorithms have been developed to explicitly optimize mean average precision (MAP) due to computational constraints. The outcomes show that the convergence of the test functions F6 and F7 is not good when the MAPID algorithm is only used for optimization. The MAPID_FF algorithm not only ensures the convergence and optimization precision of the two test functions, but also reduces the optimization time compared with the filling function method. Compared with the filling function method, the improved algorithm has higher accuracy and faster speed, and it is not simple to fall into the local optimum, so the global optimal value is more accurate.
Evaluation of the Health Situation among Recovered Cases of COVID‐19 in West Bank, Palestine, and Their Onset/Recovery Time
Authors: Naseef Hani , Damin Abukhalil Abdallah , Orabi Tala , Joza Mohammad , Mashaala Carmen , Elsheik Malak , Dababat Aseel , Qattosa Maram , Al-Shami Ni'Meh
Published: March 2022

Background and Aims. COVID‐19 emerged at the end of 2019 and was classified as a global pandemic in March 2020. Infected cases of SARS‐CoV‐2 experience symptoms during initial infection 2–14 days after virus exposure, and some symptoms and complications may persist after recovery. This study evaluated the onset/recovery time, postrecovery symptoms, complications, and factors affecting the health situation of recovered cases of COVID‐19 in West Bank, Palestine. Methods. This cross‐sectional study was conducted using a questionnaire based on related scientific articles and expert recommendations. It was distributed to recovered COVID‐19 patients either face‐to‐face or online. Chi‐square and Fisher’s exact tests were used to investigate the significant relationships. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Findings. A total of 686 participants completed the questionnaire; the mean age was 28·1 ± 11·8. SARS‐CoV‐2 infection recovery time was 1–2 weeks in most participants. A total of 72·4% developed post‐COVID‐19 symptoms. Fatigue (260, 38.0%), loss of smell (224, 32.7%), headache (207, 30.7%), and joint pain (188, 27.4%) were the most reported postrecovery symptoms. In women, fatigue and headaches were the most common symptoms that persisted after recovery. Diabetic patients endured continuous muscle and joint pain. Interpretation. Patient health situation, recovery time, and symptoms post‐COVID‐19 infections are affected by many demographic factors and disease status.
Intelligent Management of Air Traffic Flow Based on Intelligent Motion Coordinate Data Model
Authors: Liu Junhao , Cheng Qing , Wang Yuanji , Yang Changqi , Zhou Rui , Zhu Xinping , Yao Di , Zhou Junjie , Du Yaqian , Yang Shanshan
Published: March 2022

To adapt to the intelligent management of traffic flow in modern aviation, this study improves the algorithm according to the data exercise method and establishes the mathematical model and vector model of intelligent motion coordinates. Moreover, according to the simulation test method, this study analyzes the six-degree-of-freedom equation of motion in the coordinate system of the civil aviation aircraft and uses the simulation method to regard the civil aviation as a rigid body with a certain mass and mass distribution. In addition, this study builds an intelligent model based on the demand analysis, and according to the actual demand, this study combines the simulation method to analyze the structure of the intelligent management model of air traffic flow. Finally, this study uses the experimental analysis method to verify the effect of the model proposed in this study and combines the experimental research to verify that the model proposed in this study has a certain effect.
Energetic and Valuable Path Compendium Routing Using Frustration Free Communication Dimension Extension Algorithm in MANET
Authors: Veeraiah D. , Joel Sunny Deol G. , Ganiya Rajendra Kumar , Nageswara Rao J. , Bulla Suneetha , Alene Assefa
Published: March 2022

In the mobile ad hoc network (MANET), nodes are unenergetic nodes; also, it does not provide valuable routing, since it has the limited size for routing information storage for every node, and node multiple path takes more energy for small size of information sharing from sender node to destination node. It maximizes energy consumption and end-to-end delay and reduces network lifetime. In the proposed Energetic and Valuable Path Compendium Routing (EVPC) technique for obtaining energy saving enrichment in mobile ad hoc network process by separating the network into groups and chosen as heads within the groups by using path compendium technique also referred as arbitrary group head chosen depends on communication scheme. Path compendium is known to play an essential task to contain the issues of routing scalability in the network communication process. Through the increasing amount of nodes linked to the network surroundings, emerges the requirement to improve the communication table dimension to hold the improved nodes. To overcome this path compendium, a transmitter scheme is applied. The frustration free communication dimension extension algorithm is used by overriding set of paths and altering advertising node to energetic node with shortest distance path. The frustration free communication dimension extension procedure offers more effectiveness in enhancing the different metrics and principally minimizes the energy consumption by 25% and end-to-end delay by 15% and improves the network lifetime by 35%.
IP-Se-06, a Selenylated Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine, Modulates Intracellular Redox State and Causes Akt/mTOR/HIF-1α and MAPK Signaling Inhibition, Promoting Antiproliferative Effect and Apoptosis in Glioblastoma Cells
Authors: dos Santos Daniela C. , Rafique Jamal , Saba Sumbal , Grinevicius Valdelúcia M. A. S. , Filho Danilo W. , Zamoner Ariane , Braga Antonio L. , Pedrosa Rozangela C. , Ourique Fabiana
Published: March 2022

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a notably lethal brain tumor associated with high proliferation rate and therapeutic resistance, while currently effective treatment options are still lacking. Imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivatives and organoselenium compounds are largely used in medicinal chemistry and drug development. This study is aimed at further investigating the antitumor mechanism of IP-Se-06 (3-((2-methoxyphenyl)selanyl)-7-methyl-2-phenylimidazol[1,2-a]pyridine), a selenylated imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine derivative in glioblastoma cells. IP-Se-06 exhibited high cytotoxicity against A172 cells (

I

C

50

=
1.8
 
μ
M

) and selectivity for this glioblastoma cell. The IP-Se-06 compound has pharmacological properties verified in its ADMET profile, especially related to blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability. At low concentration (1 μM), IP-Se-06 induced intracellular redox state modulation with depletion of TrxR and GSH levels as well as inhibition of NRF2 protein. IP-Se-06 also decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, induced cytochrome c release, and chromatin condensation. Furthermore, IP-Se-06 induced apoptosis by decreasing levels of Bcl-xL while increasing levels of γ-H2AX and p53 proteins. Treatment with IP-Se-06 induced cell cycle arrest and showed antiproliferative effect by inhibition of Akt/mTOR/HIF-1α and ERK 1/2 signaling pathways. In addition, IP-Se-06 displayed significant inhibition of p38 MAPK and p-p38, leading to inhibition of inflammasome complex proteins (NLRP3 and caspase-1) in glioblastoma cells. These collective findings demonstrated that IP-Se-06 is a bioactive molecule that can be considered a candidate for the development of a novel drug for glioblastoma treatment.
Supervised Contrastive Learning-Based Modulation Classification of Underwater Acoustic Communication
Authors: Gao Daqing , Hua Wenhui , Su Wei , Xu Zehong , Chen Keyu
Published: March 2022

Modulation parameters are very significant to underwater target recognition. But influenced by the severe and time-space varying channel, most currently proposed intelligent classification networks cannot work well under these large dynamic environments. Based on supervised contrastive learning, an underwater acoustic (UWA) communication modulation classifier named UMC-SCL is proposed. Firstly, the UMC-SCL uses a simply convolutional neural networks (CNN) to identify the presence of the UWA signals. Then, the UMC-SCL uses ResNet50 as an encoder and updates the network by supervised contrastive learning loss function, which can effectively use the category information and make the eigenvector distribution of the same category more concentrated. Then, the classifier uses the feature vector output by the encoder to distinguish the final modulation categories. Finally, extensive ocean, pool, and simulation experiments are done to verify the performance of the UMC-SCL. Without any prior information, the average classification accuracy for MPSK and MFSK can reach 98.6% at 0 dB and is increased by 6% compared to the benchmark algorithm under low SNR.
Role of Perirectal Fat in the Carcinogenesis and Development of Early-Onset Rectal Cancer
Authors: Pan An Fu , Zheng Nan Xin , Wang Jin , Kabemba Jean Luc Tshibangu , Zheng Kuo , Shen Fu , Zhang Wei , Gao Xian Hua
Published: March 2022

Purpose. The incidence of early-onset rectal cancer (EORC) has been increasing since the past decade, while its underlying cause remained unknown. This study was aimed at clarifying the relationship between perirectal fat area (PFA) and EORC. Patients and Methods. All patients with rectal cancer who received radical excision between January 2016 and December 2017 at our hospital were included. The fat series images of pelvic magnetic resonance imaging scans were obtained and PFA at the ischial spine level was calculated using the ImageJ software. Results. A total of 303 patients were finally included and divided into two groups according to the median PFA: Group 1 (<20.2 cm2,

n
=
151

) and Group 2 (≥20.2 cm2,

n
=
152

). PFA positively correlated with body weight and body mass index. PFA increased with invasion depth, lymph node metastasis, TNM stage, tumor deposits, and vascular invasion. Patients with EORC had higher PFA than those with late-onset rectal cancer (LORC;

P
=
0.009

). Among patients with stage I–III rectal cancers, those in Group 2 had significantly shorter disease-free survival (

P
=
0.010

) and overall survival (

P
=
0.034

) than those in Group 1, and PFA was an independent predictor of disease-free survival (OR: 1.683 [1.126-3.015],

P
=
0.035

) and overall survival (OR: 1.678 [1.022-2.639],

P
=
0.046

). Conclusions. Patients with EORC had significantly higher PFA than those with LORC. PFA is positively correlated with T stage, N stage, TNM stage, tumor deposit, and vascular invasion and is an independent predictor of disease-free survival and overall survival. Therefore, perirectal fat may be involved in the carcinogenesis and development of EORC.
Vehicle Routing Optimization Based on Multimedia Communication and Intelligent Transportation System
Authors: Huang Weiyuan , Chen Yanyan , Zhu Xun
Published: March 2022

With the maturity and popularity of network technology and multimedia technology, more and more communication tools and means have entered people’s lives. The usual communication tools are often limited to the ability to transmit sound signals. This method does not well express the information between the two parties in some special occasions, such as a noisy environment, where both parties have language or hearing impairments. The multimedia communication system is a technology that combines network communication and multimedia. It utilizes the efficiency of data transmission over the network and the diversity of information in multimedia, making communication between people faster, clearer, and more intuitive. The multimedia communication system is an important part of the application to the intelligent transportation system. Intelligent transportation system is a systematic, real-time, accurate, interactive, and extensive traffic management system established by the comprehensive use of modern high and new technology in the transportation system. With these characteristics, intelligent transportation system has increasingly become an important means to solve modern traffic problems. Based on multimedia communication and intelligent transportation system, this article optimizes the vehicle path and realizes the application of intelligent transportation. The proposed intelligent transportation system realizes functions, such as vehicle speed detection, vehicle behavior semantic analysis, license plate recognition by processing video data, and image data acquired based on multimedia communication, and can capture illegal vehicles and then identify illegal vehicles. The license plate is conducive to promoting the management and control of intelligent transportation and reducing the occurrence of traffic accidents.
Method of Cumulative Anomaly Identification for Security Database Based on Discrete Markov chain
Authors: Xu Zhiying , Yang Ting , Najafi Moslem Lari
Published: March 2022

There exists an enormous volume of data in the database system, which is accountable for the storage of data and organization of data. The intruders can breach the security system of database and steal the important information. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out the cumulative anomaly identification of the security database. In view of the shortcomings of traditional anomaly detection methods in detection performance and poor effect of anomaly recognition, this paper proposes a cumulative anomaly recognition method based on discrete Markov chain for security database. First, the sniffer is used to read the user access behaviour data, and then, it is processed, that is, standardized processing. Then, the segmentation method is used to extract the user behaviour features, and the normal feature data and abnormal feature data are obtained. Finally, the state sequence generated by the discrete Markov chain is used to calculate the state probability, which is used to evaluate the abnormal process behaviour. The proposed method in this paper is based on the Markov chain and can be used for better anomaly recognition. The results are obtained in terms of sensitivity score, precision score, and F1-score. The results are also compared with the results obtained by using some of the state-of-the-art traditional techniques. The comparison clearly indicated that the proposed method is more effective as compared to the tradition methods. The proposed method has the highest F1-score of 0.8586, and then the traditional methods have F1-scores of 0.7233, 0.8236, and 0.7562 for methods 1, 2, and 3, respectively.
The Ergonomic Association between Shoulder, Neck/Head Disorders and Sedentary Activity: A Systematic Review
Authors: Guduru Rama Krishna Reddy , Domeika Aurelijus , Obcarskas Linas , Ylaite Berta
Published: March 2022

Background. Work-associated upper limb and neck disorders are common occupational disorders throughout the world. These disorders are usually observed more in workers who spend a long time sitting, referred to as sedentary activity (SA). The immediate and distorted risk of sedentary-related problems was considered high in Europe, Australia, and the United States. Even though mediation is convenient, it is likely to reduce office workers’ risks of developing cervical and upper body pain due to sedentary work. This systematic review addresses risk factors and evaluates the relationship between SA and upper body disorders in office workers (i.e., shoulder and neck/head). Methods. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for articles published between January 2010 and August 2021 in the English language. The three keywords “sedentary,” “upper body elements,” and “work” (and their derivatives) were searched to identify studies and carry out this systematic review. The articles were searched so that all three keywords or at least a derivation of each keyword should appear. Findings. Of the 40 articles that met the enclosure criteria, 32 studies examined the association of SA and upper body elements during both office and computer work. However, three articles were evaluated in the sit-stand work environment, and in the remaining five studies, one was evaluated during teaching, two during hospital work, and two during mixed working conditions. Conclusions. Research related to SA focuses mainly on extended risk factors, but there was no focus on other aspects, such as muscle and tendon contractions. As there is a convincing connection between SA and the upper body, our close examination identifies the need to institutionalize a system for collecting, analyzing, and describing the impact and short-term effects of SA on the upper body. Additionally, some suggestions were made to minimize the risk in a sedentary working environment.
Experimental Study on Kaolinite Weathering Sand as Cement Mortar Accelerating Agent
Authors: Wu Wenjuan , Hu Chao , Liu Haifeng , Ma Shijie , Yuan Zhenzhong , Zhang Xiaomeng
Published: March 2022

In this study, the weathered sand from kaolinite mine in Yushan County, Jiangxi Province, China, was tested and analyzed in laboratory. XRD results show that montmorillonite is the main mineral composition of kaolinite weathered sand, and the content of montmorillonite is 35%. XRF test results show that the content of aluminum in weathered kaolinite sand is 9.8%. In order to explore the material properties of kaolinite weathered sand as cement mortar accelerating agent, the study compared the quick setting effect of kaolinite weathered sand with an accelerating agent and did the parallel test of 7‐day strength of M10 grade mixed mortar. The results show that the 7‐day unconfined compressive strength of kaolinite weathered sand fine sand mixed mortar test block is higher than that of accelerating mortar mixed mortar test block when the content of kaolinite weathered fine sand is equal to that of the accelerating agent. However, the 7‐day unconfined compressive strength of mortar decreases when the content of fine‐grained kaolinite weathered sand increases and the content of cement decreases, indicating that fine‐grained kaolinite weathered sand cannot completely replace cement as cement mortar, and the proportion of fine‐grained kaolinite weathered sand should be considered according to the strength grade of mixed mortar.
Langerhans Cells, T Cells, and B Cells in Oral Lichen Planus and Oral Leukoplakia
Authors: Dafar Amal , Siarov Angelica , Mostaghimi Yasaman , Robledo-Sierra Jairo , De Lara Shahin , Giglio Daniel , Kjeller Göran , Braz-Silva Paulo Henrique , Öhman Jenny , Hasséus Bengt
Published: March 2022

Although oral lichen planus (OLP) and oral leukoplakia (LPL) have different pathogenetic profiles, both may involve chronic inflammation. The aim of this observational study was to evaluate the inflammatory cell profiles of OLP and LPL. The inflammatory cell infiltrates in patients with OLP and LPL were analyzed for the presence of Langerhans cells (LCs; CD1a), T cells (CD3), and B cells (CD20), as well as for the proliferation marker Ki-67. Biopsied specimens from patients with OLP (N = 14) and LPL without dysplasia (N = 13) were immunohistochemically stained with antibodies directed against CD1a, CD3, CD20, and Ki-67, followed by quantitative analyses. A significant increase in the number of CD3+ cells and CD20+ cells was found in the submucosa of OLP, as compared to LPL (

p
<
0.01

). Likewise, the number of CD3+ cells was significantly higher in the epithelium of OLP than of LPL (

p
<
0.05

). No differences were found in the expression of Ki-67 and the number of CD1a+ cells between the two groups. Although an immune response is elicited in both conditions, there are differences at the cellular level between OLP and LPL. A more robust immune activation involving T cells and B cells is seen in OLP. The role of B cells in OLP needs to be further elucidated. Although the number of B cells in LPL is low, their role in the inflammatory response cannot be ruled out.
Numerical Simulation of Aircraft Icing with an Unsteady Thermodynamic Model considering the Development of Water Film and Ice Layer
Authors: Shen Xiaobin , Qi Zicheng , Zhao Wenzhao , Lin Guiping , Zeng Yu , Mu Zuodong
Published: March 2022

Considering the transient heat and mass transfer process of the impinged water droplets during aircraft icing, an unsteady thermodynamic model was established to simulate the dynamic developments of the water film and the ice layer on aircraft surfaces. The unsteady model was discretized in an implicit scheme with a corresponding solution method. Icing simulations were performed for a NACA0012 airfoil, and the results show acceptable agreement with the data in the literature. Water film first appears near the stagnation point, and then, the film thickness increases, and the runback water region expands with time, affecting the icing rate, the surface temperature, and the ice type. The development of the water film is rapid, and the thickness and range of the film, along with the icing rate, reach a steady state in a short time. The stable characteristics obtained by the unsteady model are consistent with those of the Messinger steady model. Despite that the unsteady and steady models can obtain similar ice shapes in icing simulations, the dynamic developments of the water film and the ice layer should be considered at the initial stage of ice accretion or in the short-time icing simulations.
Mining Important Herb Combinations of Traditional Chinese Medicine against Hypertension Based on the Symptom-Herb Network Combined with Network Pharmacology
Authors: Sun Zhenhai , Xu Yunsheng , An Wenrong , Bi Siling , Xu Sai , Zhang Rui , Cong Mingyang , Chen Shouqiang
Published: March 2022

Although data mining methods are extensively used in the rule analysis of famous old traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) experts’ prescriptions for the treatment of hypertension, most of them only mine the association between herbs and herbs, ignoring the importance of symptoms in the disease. This study collected 439 cases of hypertension treated by famous old TCM experts from the FangNet platform. Using the structure network algorithm, the symptom-herb network was constructed, which redefined the importance of herb in disease. Based on the network, 21 driver herbs, 76 herb pairs, and 41 symptom-herb associations were mined. Finally, the basic prescription composed of Gouteng (Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), and Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) was found. These herbs are the most significant among all herbs, and they have a potential correlation with each other. To further verify the rationality of the data mining results, we adopted the network pharmacology method. Network pharmacological analysis shows that the five core targets in the basic prescription include IL6, VEGFA, TNF, TP53, and EGF, which link 10 significant active compounds and 7 important KEGG pathways. It was predicted that anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, vascular endothelial protection, emotion regulation, and ion channel intervention might be the main mechanisms of the basic prescription against hypertension. This study reveals the prescription rule of famous old TCM experts for treating hypertension from a new perspective, which provides a new approach to inherit the academic experience of famous old TCM experts and develop new drugs.
Building and Realizing the Obstetrics and Gynecology Nursing Management Platform by Computer Information Technology under the Concept of Mindfulness Intervention
Authors: Huang Lijuan , Cui Xianmei
Published: March 2022

Nursing management of the gynecology department is one of the challenging issues and needed to be resolved through effective utilization of the available technology. In this paper, we are going to address this issue and try to establish an obstetrics and gynecology nursing management platform used to monitor and evaluate the mental health of pregnant women. Firstly, computer information technology is adopted, and the obstetrics and gynecology nursing management system is established. Secondly, after adopting the system to intervene in the mental state of patients with mindfulness, the system timely monitors the pregnant women’s physical health indicators and mental health level data. With the help of the computer data analysis system, the obstetrics and gynecology management platform is built to carry out timely mindfulness interventions for pregnant women. The established system can reach high accuracy in identifying negative emotions of pregnant women, and the accuracy can reach 89.7%. It shows that the established system can timely and accurately intervene and regulate the pregnant woman’s bad psychological state, effectively improve the pregnant woman’s sleep quality during pregnancy, and enhance the pregnant woman’s sleep effect. The effectiveness and feasibility of Internet mindfulness interventions for improving sleep quality during pregnancy has been confirmed. This has important practical significance for the digital and intelligent development of the medical care management platform.
Optimization of Music Teaching Management System for College Students Based on Similarity Distribution Method
Authors: Lian Jue
Published: March 2022

This paper puts forward a method of similarity distribution and applies it to music teaching management system. We use Java language, using JavaME development platform to complete the basic information management, music homework management, music practice management, online classroom management, information notification management, and other modules of the technical implementation. The system uses mobile learning system to provide a convenient learning platform for learners. However, student users can only view the course information in the system. To allow students to know the course change information more quickly when teachers update course information, the system implements the course information update reminder function. Compared with the existing music teaching system, the music teaching system based on Android adopts wireless Internet technology, which is more suitable for the daily habits of today’s college students and makes full use of the fragmentary time, which is conducive to improving their learning efficiency and stimulating students’ interest in learning.
Underwater Localization Using Differential Doppler Scale and TDOA Measurements with Clock Imperfection
Authors: Zhang Bingbing , Zhu Jiahua , Wu Yanqun , Zhang Weihua , Zhu Min
Published: March 2022

Underwater acoustic localization is an important, yet challenging problem: (1) node mobility issue, (2) Doppler effect, and (3) clock imperfection. To be specific, underwater nodes are not stationary in real-life due to unpredictable currents. Relative motion between a transmitter and a receiver causes the time scaling problem on the received signals, where the time scaling factor is termed as Doppler scale. Then, due to the slow acoustic signal propagation speed, the underwater Doppler scale becomes more severe compared with the one in terrestrial environments. Thus, the differential Doppler scale (DDS) measurements should also be collected, other than the time measurements like time-difference-of-arrival (TDOA), for enhancing the underwater localization. Since DDS/TDOA measurements and clock skew are tightly coupled, clock synchronization is essential for accurate localization. However, due to the stringent cost and power constrains of underwater nodes, low-cost clocks with relative low precision are normally employed, which makes it even more difficult to guarantee a perfect clock synchronization between transmitter/receiver pairs. In order to cope with those issues, we propose an algebraic underwater localization method using the hybrid DDS/TDOA measurements, which is particularly robust against the node clock imperfection. A new DDS/TDOA measurement model with clock imperfection is first presented by analyzing the received signals over underwater acoustic channels. Then, we devise a two-step weighted least square-based estimator, and the analytical study shows that our estimator can achieve the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) accuracy under small noise. Simulations corroborate the theoretical results and the good performance of the proposed method.
Effects of Aerobic Training on Cardiopulmonary Function Based on Multiple Linear Regression Analysis
Authors: Zhao Quan , Mao Feng
Published: March 2022

In order to study the effect of aerobic training exercise on cardiopulmonary function of the human body, in this study, multiple linear regression based on the particle swarm optimization cardiopulmonary function test method of constructing the sports cardiopulmonary function test model is used. The traditional multiple linear regression after 41 iteration achieves convergence, and after the particle swarm optimization, about 25 times, convergence is achieved. Moreover, the convergence error of pSO is less than that of traditional multiple linear regression algorithm, which verifies the effectiveness of PSO. This method can effectively detect cardiopulmonary function of athletes before and after aerobic training, and the modeling accuracy is high, and the detection performance of cardiopulmonary function of aerobic training is better than the traditional relational model algorithm, which provides a new way for cardiopulmonary model detection of the human body.
Size Effect on the Rheological Shear Mechanical Behaviors of Different Joints: A Numerical Study
Authors: Zhou Kefeng , Liu Changxin , Li Su , Cheng Yanhui
Published: March 2022

Under the condition of constant external stress, the displacement and stress of the joint will be adjusted continuously with time, resulting in the creep phenomenon, that is, the continuous increase of the strain with time, which further causes the damage of the jointed rock mass. In order to study the size effect of joint shear rheological mechanical properties, this paper conducted shear rheological numerical simulations on nonpenetrating and penetrating joint models established in Particle Flow Code (PFC) and analyzed the effect of specimen size on the rheological and shear mechanical behavior of the model. The results show the following: (1) For the rheological direct shear test, the instantaneous shear displacement of the joint increases continuously as the size increases, showing a significant positive size effect. (2) For through-type joints, only the cohesion shows a certain size effect, and the shear strength and friction angle have a nonobvious relation with specimen size. (3) For anchored through-type joints, the increase of the model size leads to a decrease in shear strength, while the friction angle-size effect of joints is not remarkable.
The Impact of Systolic Blood Pressure, Pulse Pressure, and Their Variability on Diabetes Retinopathy among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Lou Qingqing , Chen Xue , Wang Kun , Liu Huanhuan , Zhang Zongjun , Lee Yaujiunn
Published: March 2022

Objectives. To evaluate the effects of variations in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and pulse pressure (PP) on diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods. A total of 3275 type 2 diabetes patients without DR at Taiwan Lee’s United Clinic from 2002 to 2014 were enrolled in the study. The average age of the patients was 65.5 (±12.2) years, and the follow-up period ranged from 3 to 10 years. Blood pressure variability was defined as the standard deviation (SD) of the average blood pressure values over the entire study period and was calculated for each patient. The mean SD for SBP was 11.16, and a

SBP
≥
130
 
mmHg

(

1
 
mmHg
=
0.133
 
kPa

) was defined as high SBP. Based on these data, patients were divided into four groups as follows: group 1 (G1,

mean
 
SBP
<
130
 
mmHg

,

SD
 
of
 
SBP
<
11.16
 
mmHg

), group 2 (G2,

mean
 
SBP
<
130
 
mmHg

,

SD
≥
11.16
 
mmHg

), group 3 (G3,

mean
 
SBP
≥
130
 
mmHg

,

SD
 
of
 
SBP
<
11.16
 
mmHg

), and group 4 (G4,

mean
 
SBP
≥
130
 
mmHg

,

SD
≥
11.16
 
mmHg

). Based on a mean PP of 80 mmHg with a pulse pressure SD of 6.53 mmHg, the patients were regrouped into four groups designated G1

′

-G4

′

. Results. After adjusting for patient age, sex, and disease course, Cox regression showed that the mean and SD of SBP, pulse pressure, and their SDs were risk factors for DR. After stratifying the patients based on the mean and SD of the SBP, we found that the patients in the G4 group had the highest risk of DR (

hazard
 
ratio
 

HR

=
1.980

, 95% CI: 1.716~2.285,

P
<
0.01

) and patients in the G1 group had the lowest risk. Patients in the G3 group (

HR
=
1.409

, 95% CI: 1.284~1.546,

P
<
0.01

) had a higher risk of DR compared to those in the G2 group (

HR
=
1.353

, 95% CI: 1.116~1.640,

P
<
0.01

). After the restratification of patients based on the mean and SD of the pulse pressures, it was found that patients in the G2

′

group had the highest risk of DR (

HR
=
2.086

, 95% CI: 1.641~2.652,

P
<
0.01

), whilst patients in the G1

′

group had the lowest risk. Also, the risk of DR in the G4

′

group (

HR
=
1.507

, 95% CI: 1.135~2.000,

P
<
0.01

) was higher than that in the G3

′

group (

HR
=
1.289

, 95% CI: 1.181~1.408,

P
<
0.01

). Conclusions. Variability in SBP and PP are risk factors for DR in patients with type 2 diabetes. The variability of PP was better able to predict the occurrence of DR than mean pulse pressure.
Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol for Next-Generation Application in the Internet of Things and Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Dogra Roopali , Rani Shalli , Babbar Himanshi , Krah Daniel
Published: March 2022

Among the key challenges with wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is that most sensor nodes are fueled by energy-constrained batteries, which has a significant impact on the network’s efficiency, reliability, and durability. As a result, many clustering approaches have been developed to enhance the energy efficiency of WSNs. Meanwhile, fifth-generation (5G) transmissions necessitate the usage of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) multiple antennas in numerous Internet of Things (IoT) applications to furnish increased capacity in a multipath spectrum environment. Instead of a single senor that can facilitate better load balancing utilization, we believe to balance the energy utilization per unit area. The devices in IoT are submerged with various transmission interfaces known as MIMO in 5G networks. With MIMO being more commonly accessible on IoT devices, an effective clustering approach for rapidly evolving IoT systems is both lacking and urgently needed to support a variety of user scenarios. In this paper, we proposed the intelligent MIMO-based 5G balanced energy-efficient protocol which focuses to achieve Quality of Experience (QoE) for transmitting in clusters for IoT networks. The proposed protocol enhances the utilization of energy and lifetime of the network in which it shows 30% less energy utilized in comparison to the existing protocols.
Cysteine-Rich Whey Protein Isolate (CR-WPI) Ameliorates Erectile Dysfunction by Diminishing Oxidative Stress via DDAH/ADMA/NOS Pathway
Authors: Li Kefan , Zhu Aiyun , Gutman Jimmy , Fu Qiang , Liu Shuai
Published: March 2022

Nitric oxide synthase- (NOS-) dependent endothelial dysfunction induced by oxidative stress (OS) is assumed to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetes mellitus-related erectile dysfunction (DMED). Cysteine-rich whey protein isolate (CR-WPI) is a widely used protein supplement and has been confirmed to reduce reactive oxygen species (ROS) by increasing cellular antioxidant glutathione (GSH). However, it is currently unknown whether CR-WPI elicits therapeutic effects in DMED. Here, we provide diabetic rats with CR-WPI to determine its effect on DMED and the underlying mechanisms. The results suggest that CR-WPI supplementation increased GSH biosynthesis and reduced ROS content and simultaneously upregulated the dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH)/asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA)/nitric oxide synthase (NOS) metabolic pathway. Evaluation of intracavernous pressure (ICP) also showed an improvement of penile erectile function in CR-WPI-treated rats. The results of the vitro cell culture showed that glutathione pretreatment protected corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSMC) from H2O2-induced apoptosis by decreasing Caspase 9 and Caspase 3 expressions. These results augur well for the potential therapeutic application of dietary CR-WPI supplementation for treating diabetic erectile dysfunction.