bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Digital Movement of Opinion #BLACKLIVESMATTER in Creating Public Opinion About Black Lives Matter
Authors: Ramadhani Rizky Wulan , Prihantoro Edy
Published: July 2023

#BlackLivesMatter is still used by netizens to express opinions about the Black Lives Matter movement which is still developing today. In April 2021, the court ruled for Derek Chauvin, the police officer who shot George Floyd. In addition, there are still many shootings of black citizens in the United States and various other countries. This study aims to determine the spread of #BlackLivesMastter and public opinion on Twitter during 20 – 27 April 2021 regarding Black Lives Matter. This research uses a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. The quantitative method is used to see the distribution of 2,500 sample tweets using Netlytic.org and Gephi. The qualitative method is conducted to analyze public opinion about Black Lives Matter. The theory used is Computer-Mediated Communication, Public Space, and Critical Discourse Analysis. The results showed that opinions were dominated by positive opinions with 71.76%, negative opinions with 13.08% and irrelevant opinions with 15.16%. The positive opinions are dominant because they have succeeded in creating empathy, anger, and criticism, have political interests, and are voiced by political elite accounts, media, NGOs, and celebrities. Negative opinions are voiced by two main political elites and Twitter users who are not well known so they are considered personal opinions. Irrelevant opinions are voiced by Twitter users in more private spaces and are used to attract public attention.
Identification of Netizen Communication regarding the Issue of the National Capital Relocation Plan # IKN Nusantara on Twitter
Authors: Herwindo Joego , Murtiningsih Bherta Sri Eko , Juliadi Rismi
Published: July 2023

The plan to move the capital city of the Republic of Indonesia (RI) from DKI Jakarta Province to East Kalimantan Province sparks pros and cons. Various comments appeared on social media. This study aims to: (1) find out the issues carried in the #IKNNusantara hashtag network; (2) categorize comments into negative, positive, and neutral sentiment categories; (3) find the structure and relationships of the actors in the network. The research methodology is quantitative research approach, the SNA (Social Network Analysis) method using NodeXL software and Sentiment Analysis using the online application Brand24.com on the hashtag #IKNNusantara on Twitter. The results of sentiment analysis show that the conversation is dominated by neutral sentiment. The total number of tweets up to February 16, 2022, was 255. SNA results show that the network density between actors in #IKNNusantara is still low at 0.23 percent. The network diameter describes the network pattern spreads and the cohesiveness between actors is low. The most influential actors based on the value of centrality are the accounts @jokowi and @ir with the highest in-degree values, which shows that a lot of talks are directed to this account. Accounts @d_n4bil5 and @newiding30 who have the highest out-degree are the most active in disseminating information. The @jokowi and @d_n4bil5 accounts serve as bridges because they have the highest betweenness value. Accounts @doddyjasmar and @royadam_lubis have the highest closeness values. Furthermore, the @d_n4bil5 and @langonlegend accounts with the highest eigenvector values are the actors with the most links to other actors. With this result, the government needs to continue to monitor the issue continuously and build awareness among netizens and the Indonesian people in general about the importance of IKN development. The use of social media focusing on delivering messages through the 7 (seven) most influential accounts above can have a significant impact. In terms of issue management, the government also needs to consider the most appropriate strategies to respond to issues according to the type of issue and the government's position on the issue.
Communication Strategy of the Ministry of Communication and Information Technology in Preventing the Spread of Hoax on Social Media
Authors: Ikhsano Andre , Sutanto Denise Ferinda , Stellarosa Yolanda
Published: July 2023

Social media offers various interesting features with their respective advantages, such as a medium for communicating, making transactions, building communities, learning, and running a business. These features can be accessed anywhere and anytime, with only an electronic device and an internet connection. However, with these various advantages and conveniences, not a few people abuse social media by spreading fake news or hoaxes. One of the government institutions in Indonesia that has duties and functions in stopping, monitoring, and preventing the spread of hoaxes is the Ministry of Communication and Informatics (Kemkominfo). This study aims to analyze the communication strategy of the Ministry of Communication and Informatics  to prevent the spread of hoaxes on social media. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method and data is collected through interviews with two internal parties of the Directorate General of Information and Public Communication at  the Ministry of Communication and Informatics; and communication specialists. The results showed that the communication strategy implemented by the Ministry of Communication and Informatics to prevent the spread of hoaxes on social media was to use digital literacy.There are four (4) pillars that are the main points in the digital literacy program, namely digital security, digital ethics, digital culture, and digital skills.
The #permendikbud30 Controversy Over the Prevention and Handling of Sexual Violence in Higher Education on Social Media
Authors: Zarkasi Irwa Rochimah , Karolina Cut Meutia , Rizqullah Muhammad Shaddam
Published: July 2023

The controversy over the Minister of Education and Culture Regulation (Permendikbudristek) Number 30 of 2021 on the Prevention and Handling of Sexual Violence in Higher Education is interesting to study. Criticism of this regulation, among others, Article 5, which  carries  the phrase “without the consent of the victim”, raises the meaning of legalizing immoral acts and consent-based free sex. Along with this polemic, reports and news about sexual violence in colleges have also emerged. This debate also occurs in society, especially with the presence of digital media, which makes a discourse grow fast and expand. Various comments and discussions occurred in various media, especially social media. This research using the concept of participatory culture aims to get an overview of public comments through the social media Twitter #permendikbud30, which contains uploads and comments regarding the controversy over Permendikbudristek Number 30 of 2021 and will be carried out through netnography studies. Finally, the results of the analysis show a picture of the diversity of people’s perspectives in giving their opinions, namely: (a) by analogy with verses in the Quran; (b) there are many cases whose handling is not in favor of the victim and a firm law is needed; (c) educational institutions have not been responsive in handling cases that have occurred; (d) there is still polarization in politics, especially related to identity politics and (e) support for the relevant ministries for the ratification of this regulation is an important contribution to handling cases of sexual violence in the campus.
The Role of Spin Doctor in Political Communications to Win the Most Votes
Authors: Kholisoh Nur , As'ad As'ad
Published: July 2023

Winning the most votes in the legislative elections is not easy, especially in areas previously controlled by the incumbents. The election-winning team, especially spin doctors, bears an effort to conduct proper political communication. The team developed also requires support including qualified political experience of its members to build a positive public image and opinion about the candidate. This study aims to investigate the role of spin doctor political communication by legislative candidates in winning the most votes in the Administrative District of Seribu Islands Regency in the 2019 election by using the theory of persuasion communication and Political Communication proposed by Dan Nimmo. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method. The results showed that to understand the characteristics of voters, the spin doctor mapped voters in all parts of the Administrative District of Seribu Islands Regency and conveyed political messages that were easily accepted by the public. This political message was delivered persuasively by the spin doctor team to build a positive image of one of the legislative candidates, H. Muhammad Idris, among the people of the Administrative District of Seribu Islands Regency. Positive public opinion is built through persuasive communication to constituents face-to-face with a family approach. The effort to build positive public opinion is also supported by the personality of the candidate, who is known as a generous person and likes to meet his constituents directly. This behavior makes people perceive the candidate positively and believe that the candidate has had a positive image for a long time, not only at the time of the election. The research results also indicate that building an image properly without public lies is more manageable for constituents to accept and remember.
Penyuluhan Teknik Pembuatan Pupuk Organik dari Kotoran Kambing dalam Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan di Desa Paok Pampang, Kabupaten Lombok Timur, NTB
Authors: Setiawan Rifani , Yusuf M. , Anwar  , Hidayanti Anna Apriana , Mandalika Eka Nurminda Dewi , Widiyanti Ni Made Nike Zeamita , Fadli  , Nursan Muhammad , FR Aeko Fria Utama , Kusuma Wirajaya
Published: July 2023

Salah satu kelompok tani yang berada di Desa Paok Pampang adalah kelompok tani Bila Sundung. Salah satu komoditi unggulan dari kelompok tani tersebut adalah cabai, dimana hasilnya telah dipasarkan  ke Pulau Bali, Jawa maupun Batam. Dalam pembangunan pertanian, pupuk adalah unsur strategis untuk meningkatkan produktivitas dan menjadi bagian yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari sistem usaha tani. Namun, saat ini para petani mengeluhkan pupuk subsidi yang langka dan sulitnya proses dalam mendapatkan pupuk subsidi tersebut, sehingga para petani harus membeli pupuk non subsidi dengan harga sangat mahal. Kegiatan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberi penyuluhan tentang cara pembuatan pupuk organik dari kotoran kambing. Hasil pelaksanaan kegiatan menunjukkan beberapa hal sebagai berikut: (1) Meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan untuk anggota kelompok tani Bila Sundung tentang pembuatan pupuk organik dari limbah kotoran kambing; (2) Meningkatkan kemampuan manajemen kelompok dalam memanfaatkan potensi yang ada; (3) Respon anggota kelompok tani Bila Sundung terhadap materi yang telah diberikan menunjukkan hal yang positif; (4) Menjalin hubungan Perguruan Tinggi khususnya Universitas Mataram dengan masyarakat yang tergabung dalam kelompok tani Bila Sundung.
Decolonial Myths and Demi-gods of the Tropics: The More-than-Human Worlds of Manasa and Olokun
Authors: Joseph Sunu Rose , Koudur Shashikantha
Published: July 2023

In response to the current age of the Anthropocene, Posthumanist studies explore multispecies' entanglements and encounters in order to move away from the colonial binaries that separate humans from the environment. Adding to these studies, this paper explores the role of mythology in decolonising the Westerncentric strategies of narration. Amitav Ghosh’s Gun Island and Rita Indiana’s Tentacle, envision the relationship of the human with other species against the deepening climate crisis, bringing to the fore the often-discounted discourses of cultural myths. In Gun Island, Manasa, the quintessential nagini is a folk deity of fear-based Nature worship from the Bay of Bengal, and an outsider to the established pantheon of Hindu gods. The Yoruba deity, Olokun, and his/her incarnations, move across the three time periods in Tentacle emerging as the saviour of the Caribbean islands. The novels reinterpret and re-evaluate the tropical Indigenous myths to implement alternate approaches of knowing and being in the world. This article seeks to explore how posthumanist and decolonial perspectives in these mythologies create new alliances that stretch across space, time, and species, symbolising the relationality of all life. The paper delves into the power of the mythical deities to highlight the existence of an interconnected network of human and more-than-human realms.
Cover and Table of Contens
Authors: Purbosari Lina
Published: July 2023

Cover and Table of Contens
Pengaruh Kecukupan Modal, Risiko Kredit, dan Efisiensi Operasional terhadap Profitabilitas Dengan Likuiditas Sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada Bank Pembangunan Daerah Di Indonesia
Authors: Firmanila Fira
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Non Performing Loan (NPL) dan Operational Efficiency (BOPO) terhadap Profitabilitas (ROA) dengan Loan to deposit Ratio (LDR) sebagai Variabel Intervening pada Bank Pembangunan Daerah di Indonesia Tahun 2011 – 2020. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif dengan sampel 10 Bank Pembangunan Daerah. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder berupa data panel yang diambil dari laporan tahunan yang dipublikasikan di website Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) yang dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik analisis jalur. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan program SPSS 20. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah CAR berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap LDR, NPL dan BOPO tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap LDR, CAR dan BOPO berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap profitabilitas, NPL tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas, LDR berpengaruh positif dan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap profitabilitas. LDR dapat memediasi pengaruh CAR terhadap Profitabilitas, LDR tidak dapat memediasi pengaruh NPL dan BOPO terhadap Profitabilitas.
Antibacterial Activity of Guava Leaf Extract on The Growth of Aeromonas Hydrophila
Authors: Syafitri Emmy , Kurniawan Denni , Afriani Dwi Tika
Published: July 2023

Research on the benefits of guava leaves has been widely carried out because of their ability as an antibacterial and antifungal agent, especially in aquaculture. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of guava leaf extract against the growth of the pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila in vitro. The method used to determine the antibacterial activity of guava leaf extract is the disc diffusion method. The activity test used a completely randomized design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments with concentrations of guava leaf extract, namely 30%, 50%, 100%, and aqua dest as a control. Guava leaf extract was dissolved using 96% ethanol by the maceration method. Each treatment concentration was tested for its inhibitory power by calculating the apparent zone diameter that appeared against Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria. The data obtained were analyzed using analysis of variance with a 95% confidence level and, if significantly different, continued with the LSD test. The in vitro antibacterial activity test showed that guava leaf extract had a very significant effect on the growth of Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria (p<0.01) with a concentration of 50%, resulting in the most effective inhibition Aeromonas hydrophilla bacteria growth with a clear zone formed 18.33 mm. Based on the study results, it can be concluded that in vitro guava leaf extract with a concentration of 50% can inhibit the growth of Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria with the most significant clear zone yield.
Development of Based Learning Multimedia Flipbook on the Subject of Life Organization at SMPIT Al Multazam Kuningan
Authors: Nurdin Ali , Wahidin  , Hindriana Anna Fitri
Published: July 2023

Learning patterns that only use blackboards, books, worksheets, and PowerPoint slides generally only focus on the teacher while students listen, take notes, and memorize more. This learning pattern can cause boredom and monotonous learning so students are not interested in the learning process. One effort to overcome this problem is to develop appropriate learning media such as flipbook-based learning multimedia. This research was conducted in class VII SMPIT Al Multazam Kuningan to develop flipbook-based learning multimedia. This research was conducted using the R&D (Research and Development) method which refers to the ADDIE model. The percentage of media validation scores by experts is 87% from linguists, 90% from content/material experts, and 89% from media experts. Furthermore, at the trial stage, flipbook-based learning multimedia received an assessment percentage of 89.8% for the material aspect, 87.55% for the language aspect, 88.9% for the media aspect, and 88.75% for the average percentage. These results indicate that flipbook-based learning multimedia is very feasible to be applied in the learning process.
Analysis of Community Learning to Support Tangkas Lake Ecotourism Development, Muaro Jambi Regency
Authors: Hariyadi Bambang , Subagyo Agus , Kartika Winda Dwi , Zulkarnain Rio
Published: July 2023

Tangkas Lake is a riparian lake, a relatively new tourist destination in Muaro Jambi Regency. The increasing number of tourists visiting this natural destination is expected to cause various problems, especially social problems among fellow citizens. For this reason, it is necessary to have a good understanding of the local community regarding ecotourism. This study aims to analyze the sociocultural characteristics of the local community related to learning that can sustainably support Tangkas Lake ecotourism. The research was conducted with a qualitative approach. Data were collected employing a participatory manner through focused discussions. In addition, data were also collected through in-depth interviews and semi-structured interviews using a questionnaire. In general, the knowledge of local people regarding ecotourism is in a low category. In terms of perceptions and attitudes, the people have good perceptions and attitudes regarding Tangkas Lake tourism activities. Men tend to have a more positive attitude than women. In contrast, women tend to have better perceptions regarding Tangkas Lake tourism. For this reason, efforts to strengthen (increase) public understanding are needed to improve local people's awareness of the importance of educational content in tourism activity. In addition, the community also needs to be facilitated to increase their understanding of ecotourism and seven tourism charming (sapta pesona).
Development of a Pocket Book Based on Mind Mapping on Material Classification of Class VII Living Things
Authors: Fahriza Nurul , Sunandar Ari , Rahayu Hanum Mukti
Published: July 2023

The presence of learning media in teaching and learning activities has an important meaning. This study aims to develop a pocket book media based on mind mapping on class VII living things classification material. This research uses the ADDIE development model (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation). Data collection was carried out using a validated questionnaire for material experts, linguists, media experts, and student response questionnaires. The results showed that the developed mind mapping-based pocket book media scored 85% for the media aspect (very feasible), 85% for the language aspect (very feasible), and 94% for the material aspect (very feasible). While the results of student responses used 2 development trials, namely small-scale trials of 90.96% (Very Positive) and large-scale trials of 92.41% (Very Positive). It can be concluded that the pocketbook media developed is very feasible and gets a very positive response from students so it can be used in learning class VII living things classification material.
Misconception Analysis of Cell Material Using Four-Tier Multiple Choice Diagnostic Test
Authors: Muzakki Naufal Ahmad , Diana Sariwulan , Priyandoko Didik
Published: July 2023

The purpose of students learning biology is to understand the concepts in biology, be able to connect one concept to another, and apply the learned concepts in daily life. Inability to properly connect concepts may cause misconceptions that will affect students' achievement. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze students' misconceptions on the topic of cells using a four-tier multiple choice diagnostic test. The research method used is research and development. The subjects in this study were 36 students of class XI science at SMA Muhammadiyah 5 Rancaekek. The results of developing a diagnostic test using the content validity ratio (CVR) method produced a CVR value of 0.75 (CVR ≥ 0.672) and the content validity index (CVI) method produced a value of 0.87 so that the developed diagnostic test was feasible to use. The results of the analysis of misconceptions experienced by students showed that on the topic of chemical components making up cells 10.42%, cell structure 10.42%, cell function 13.89%, differences between animal and plant cells 17.36%, and bio-processes in cells 11.81%. Overall, the misconceptions experienced by students regarding cell material were 12.78% (misconceptions > 10%), which means that a misconception experienced by students was considered significant.
Implementation of Student Worksheets Based on Problem Based Learning to Improve Students' Critical Thinking Skills
Authors: Syahfitri Jayanti , Endang Sulaiman
Published: July 2023

In general, schools still use publisher printed worksheets which contain questions that are monotonous, not yet a place for students to hone and empower critical thinking skills. This study aims to determine the effect of applying Problem Based Learning (PBL) Student Worksheets (LKS) to improve students' critical thinking skills. This type of research is a quasi-experimental non-equivalent control group design involving 2 class X IPA as research samples. Data collection was carried out by providing test instruments for critical thinking skills before (pre-test) and after (post-test) learning. The data obtained were analyzed using prerequisite tests and hypothesis testing. The prerequisite test is the normality test through the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and the homogeneity test through the Levene test. Furthermore, the data were analyzed by independent t-test. The results showed that the average score for critical thinking skills for the experimental class (XI) was 80, while for the control class (X2) the average score for critical thinking skills was 68.64. Thus it can be concluded that the application of Problem Based Learning (PBL) based worksheets has an influence on improving students' critical thinking skills compared to classes that apply publisher printed worksheets. These findings confirm that learning, especially biology learning, requires learning innovations such as teaching materials, so as to facilitate students to be actively involved, collaborative, and critical of problem solving.
A new replacement name for Notiphila indica Krivosheina, 2001 (Diptera: Ephydridae)
Authors:   A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect, 33, Moscow 119071, Russia, Krivosheina M.G.
Published: July 2023

Notiphila assamensis Krivosheina, nom. n. is proposed to replace Notiphila indica Krivosheina, 2001 preoccupied by Notiphila indica Wiedemann, 1824.
Clinical and autoantibody profiles of systemic sclerosis patients: A cross-sectional study from North India
Authors: Ghosh Shounak , Tanna Dhaval , Telang Kaustubh , Dhuria Shahzeene , Gupta Rajiva
Published: July 2023

Objectives

This cross-sectional study was designed to assess the clinical profile and frequency of associated autoantibodies in all consecutive patients classified as systemic sclerosis (SSc) at Medanta—the Medicity Hospital, Gurgaon, India.

Methods

Between August 2017 and July 2019, we identified a total of 119 consecutive patients meeting the American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) 2013 criteria for SSc and 106 patients consented to this study. Their clinical and serological data at the time of enrolment were analysed.

Results

Our cohort had a mean age at symptom onset of 40 ± 13 years with a median symptom duration of 6 years. We had 76 patients (71.7%) with interstitial lung disease (ILD), which was a higher proportion compared to European cohorts. 62 patients (58.5%) had diffuse cutaneous involvement which was significantly associated with anti-Scl70 antibodies (p < 0.001), digital ulcers (p = 0.039) and the presence of ILD (p = 0.004). 65 patients (61.3%) had anti-Scl70 and 15 patients (14.2%) had anti-centromere (anti-CENP) antibodies. Scl70 positivity was associated with the presence of ILD (p < 0.001) and digital ulcers (p = 0.01). Centromere antibodies had a negative association with ILD (p < 0.001), but was a risk factor for calcinosis (p < 0.001) and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) (p = 0.01). The combination of diffuse cutaneous disease and Scl70 antibodies was the strongest predictor of ILD and digital ulcers (p = 0.015). sm/RMP, RNP68 and Ku antibodies correlated with musculoskeletal involvement (p < 0.01), while all seven of the patients with Pm/Scl antibodies had ILD. Renal involvement was noted in only two patients.

Limitations

A single-centre study may not capture the true prevalence of disease characteristics in the population. Referral bias for patients with diffuse cutaneous disease has been noted. Data on RNA-Polymerase antibodies have not been provided.

Conclusion

North Indian patients have some characteristic differences in disease phenotype as compared to their Caucasian counterparts with a larger proportion of patients presenting with ILD and Scl70 antibodies. Antibodies against Ku, RNP and Pm/Scl occur in a minority of patients, but may be associated with musculoskeletal features.
PHYSIOCHEMICAL STANDARDIZATION AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF Urtica dioica L. LEAVES GROWING IN ZAKHO, KURDISTAN REGION, IRAQ
Authors: Omar Ghariba. A , Mohammed Lina Y.
Published: July 2023

The research aims to assess different pharmacognostic standards on the Urtica dioica L. leaves with the determination of the total phenol and flavonoid contents using different extracts. U. dioica L. is a species grown commonly in Kurdistan region, Iraq used among the population as a folklore medicine treating different diseases. These standards include; percentage value of extracts using different solvents, phytochemical screening of bioactive compounds, fluorescence analysis using different chemicals under UV and visible light, and physiochemical properties were performed for moisture content, total solid, total ash, water soluble ash, acid insoluble ash, sulphated ash, crude fat and crude fibers. The percentage extracts yielded 22% and 20% of water and ethanol respectively while n- hexane had the lowest one (2%) using the Soxhlet extraction method. The screening of phytochemicals identified the presence of phenols, flavonoids, carbohydrates, proteins, tannins, alkaloids, saponins and terpenoids. The Kjeldahl method's protein assay revealed a high concentration of protein and the analysis of elements by atomic absorption spectroscopy shows the abundance of calcium, magnesium and iron among the six measured elements. Our findings revealed that U. dioica L. leaves are a good source of proteins, minerals, and exhibit a potential source of phytochemicals and these findings will be useful in the identification and development of pharmacopeial standards.
Russian arctic cities on the path to smart sustainability
Authors:   cientific Center for the Study of the Arctic of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Region, Detter G.F. , Lyovkina A.O. ,   Tyumen State University
Published: July 2023

Smart cities are supposed to be a decisive step towards a sustainable future for the Arctic, contributing to a smarter approach to economic, social and environmental development. The theoretical and methodological goal of this study is to input to the testing, adaptation and further improvement of qualitative and quantitative methods for assessing the “smartness” of the Arctic cities in the framework of the socio-humanitarian approach. The scientific and practical goal of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the movement of arctic cities towards smart sustainability through a qualitative and quantitative analysis on the example of Salekhard and Nadym (Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area). During the study, the researchers have identified qualitative features of the implementation of the Russian smart city standard, the trajectory of digital transformation, current and planned city policies, initiatives, projects and strategies designated as “smart”. The results of the analysis of smart sustainable development of Arctic cities, as well as the analysis methodology in general, can be useful to city managers in setting goals, making decisions and evaluating the effectiveness of urban planning and management.
Wildfires as a source of black carbon in the Arctic in August 2022
Authors:   Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Popovicheva O.B. , Chichaeva M.A. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kovach R.G. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kasimov N.S. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Kobelev V.O. ,   Moscow Branch of the Russian Geographical Society, Sinitskiy А.I. ,   SAI “Scientific Center for the Study of the Arctic”
Published: July 2023

The assessment of aerosol pollution of the atmosphere in the high-latitude regions of the Arctic is among the most important environmental and climate problems. In the summer of 2022, due to abnormal temperatures and a lack of precipitation, the wildfire areas in the Western Siberia and European part of the Russian Federation reached record levels. At the polar aerosol station of the Moscow State University “Island Bely” (the Kara Sea), continuous aethalometric measurements of the short-lived climatic tracer namely black carbon are carried out. In August 2022, seven episodes of pollution were recorded, significantly exceeding the background typical for the Arctic summer. An analysis of the aerosol absorption capacity in a wide range of solar radiation revealed a significant effect of wildfire plumes on the aerosol composition of the Arctic atmosphere. The distribution of high concentrations of black carbon depending on the wind direction and speed pointed to the southern direction, Yamal Peninsula, as a source of high pollution. Regional distribution of black carbon sources calculated by the method of assigning air mass transfer trajectories to measured concentrations on Bely Island identifies the regions of the Western Siberia, the northern and central regions of the European part of Russia, the steppe regions of the East European Plain, and the Southern Urals. Wildfires from identified source regions impacted significantly the composition of the climatically active aerosol component of the atmosphere.
طرق قياس الهجرة – محافظة اربد أنموذجا
Authors: مرعي ابتسام محمود أمين , المناسية نزيه ابراهيم
Published: July 2023

هدفت الدراسة إلى قياس حجم الهجرة السكانية الداخلية بطرق رئيسية وقياس أثرها في نمو المراكز الحضرية في محافظة إربد خلال الفترة 2004-2015م، استخدمت الدراسة المنهج التاريخي والوصفي لقياس الهجرة ونموذج الجاذبية لتوضيح أثر الهجرة القادمة والمغادرة على النمو الحضري. توصلت الدراسة إلى مجموعة من النتائج ومن أبرزها: أنه لا يوجد فرقا واضحا بين نتائج قياس الهجرة بعدة طرق في العامين 2004 و2015م؛ فقد أظهرت نتائج الهجرة الداخلية معدل الهجرة الصافية بطريقة الموازنة أن تيار الهجرة كان موجبا في لوائي القصبة وبني عبيد لالتصاقه بشبكة من الطرق مع مركز المحافظة من الطرف الجنوبي في عام 2015م وكانت الهجرة الصافية سالبة في بقية الالوية. أما في عام 2004م كان معدل الهجرة الصافية موجبا فقط في لواء القصبة. ونتج عن استخدام قانون الجاذبية أنه ارتبط بعنصر المسافة في تقدير حجم الهجرة القادمة والمغادرة، وبالمقارنة بين حجم الهجرة الوافدة والمغادرة الحقيقي والمقدر نجد هناك اختلافا في نمط توزع المهاجرين، حيث اعتمد النموذج على حجم المهاجرين، بينما الحجم الحقيقي اعتمد بيانات السجل المدني بدائرة الأحوال المدنية لكل لواء. ومع اختلاف طرق قياس الهجرة رياضيا الا أنها اثبتت جميعا فاعليتها في تحديد مناطق الجذب والطرد، وايجاد معدلات الهجرة الصافية والكلية والوافدة والخارجة. كما تبين من نمط التوزيع المكاني للمهاجرين حسب الكثافة السكانية أن أكبر الألوية من حيث توزع السكان السوريين في عام 2015 فقد تركزت أعدادهم في أربعة ألوية وهي ألوية الحضر القصبة والرمثا وبني عبيد والكورة وبلغت نسبة التركز السكاني فيها (72%) من مجموع السكان السوريين في المحافظة، وكانت نسبة ألوية الريف (37%) من مجموعهم في المحافظة. لذلك نجد أن الكثافة السكانية للسوريين في لواء القصبة كانت الأعلى، أما لواء المزار والوسطية والطيبة فقد شكلت الكثافات السكانية المتوسطة بسبب صغر مساحتها. أما لوائي بني عبيد والرمثا فقد ارتفعت الكثافات السكانية نتيجة قرب لواء الرمثا من الحدود السورية والتي شكلت معبرا لهم من أراضيهم نحو الأردن. أما لواء بني عبيد نتيجة التصاقه المباشر بلواء القصبة.
العوامل المؤثرة على الاقتصاد الخفي وأثرها على النمو الاقتصادي في المملكة العربية السعودية خلال الفترة (2007 – 2021)
Authors: نصر الدين يفيان محمد صالح , الشهراني حصه سعد
Published: July 2023

هدفت الدراسة إلى التعرف على العوامل المؤثرة في الاقتصاد الخفي وأثرها على نمو الاقتصادي في المملكة العربية السعودية خلال الفترة (2007-2021)، وفي سبيل تحري العلاقات، تم توصيف نموذج تحليل الانحدار الخطي المتعدد، للتعبير عن العلاقة بين الاقتصاد الخفي في المملكة كمتغير تابع ، وبين المتغيرات المستقلة المرتبطة بالاقتصاد الخفي، والتي تم اختيارها بناءا على الدراسات السابقة واجتهادات الباحثين، والمتمثلة في كل من: عدد العمالة الأجنبية، حجم الصادرات النفطية، معدل البطالة، ومعدل التضخم، ومعدل السعودة، إجمالي عدد السجلات التجارية. وبتحديد المتغيرات والفرضيات المطلوب اختبارها، لقد تم إجراء الاختبارات الوصفية، كما تم التعرف على الاتجاه العام للمتغيرات، بواسطة البرنامج الاحصائي E-views(9). وكما هو متوقع، فقد أظهرت النتائج وجود علاقة طردية معنوية بين المتغير التابع وكلا من إجمالي عدد العمالة الأجنبية و معدل البطالة. في حين أظهرت الدراسة -بعكس ما هو متوقع- عدم تأثير باقي المتغيرات المستقلة على حجم الاقتصاد الخفي في المملكة خلال فترة الدراسة.
استدامة أرضية الفراغات الداخلية للمساكن المؤقتة في الأماكن المقدسة خلال موسم الحج
Authors: الحازمي نجوى ناصر
Published: July 2023

هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى التعرف على أنواع الارضيات المستخدمة داخل فراغات المساكن المؤقتة في موسم الحج للاماكن المقدسة (منى – عرفات – مزدلفة) ومدى انعكاسها على ضيوف الرحمن من الجانب الصحي والكشف عن معوقات عدم استدامة أرضيات الفراغ الداخلي بخامات صديقة البيئة مما له الأثر الإيجابي على الصحة البيئة والوظيفية. اتبعت الدراسة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي على عينة الدراسة (30 مخيم) لشركات الحجاج (الداخل والخارج) وقد توصلت الدراسة إلى النتائج التالية: 1- توجد علاقة ارتباطية ذات دلالة إحصائية بين ارضيات الفراغ الداخلي للمساكن المؤقتة في الأماكن المقدسة وبين المستوى الصحي للحجاج. 2- توجد علاقة ارتباطية ذات دلالة إحصائية بين عدم استدامة أرضيات الفراغ الداخلي للمساكن المؤقتة بخامات صديقة البيئة في الأماكن المقدسة وبين االجانب الاقتصادي لأصحاب شريكات الحج سواء الداخلي او الخارجي. 3- توجد علاقة ارتباطية موجبة ودالة إحصائياً بين استدامة أرضيات الفراغ الداخلي للمساكن المؤقتة وبين الجانب الوظيفي والجمالي بالمساكن المؤقتة في الأماكن المقدسة. ومن أهم توصيات الدراسة: 1- أوصت الدراسة بفتح المجال أمام الجيولوجيين والمهندسين وذوي الخبرة في دراسة طبيعة الأرض المقدسة واستخدام أفضل أنواع التشطيبات للحصول على الاستدامة وبيئة صحية سليمة. 2- تفعيل دور المصمم الداخلي في خلق بيئة داخلية تلبي احتياجات الفرد والمجتمع وتحقق الجانب الجمالي والوظيفي والاقتصادي للمساحات الداخلية. 3- الدعوة إلى تصميم داخلي أخضر مستدام لا يضر بالبيئة الخارجية بل يعمل على الحد من تلوثها.
الآثار الجنائية والاجتماعية للألعاب الإلكترونية: دراسة فقهية قانونية مقارنة في ضوء القانون السعودي والشريعة الإسلامية
Authors: الجدي عبده علي محمد
Published: July 2023

يتناول هذا البحث بالدِّراسة الآثار الجنائية والاجتماعية للألعاب الإلكترونية؛ دراسة فقهية قانونية مقارنة في ضوء القانون السعودي والشريعة الاسلامية، وهي من النوازل الجديدة على المجتمع المسلم، محاولًا الوقوف على نماذج من هذه الألعاب وذِكر الحكم الشَّرعي لها، مع ذكر أضرارها على أطفال المسلمين وشبابهم، وقد هدف البحث إلى تحقيق مجموعة من الأهداف منها: 1- توضيح المقصود بالألعاب الإلكترونية، وبيان أنوعها والأحكام الشرعية المتعلقة بكل نوع. 2- اظهار مواكبة الشريعة الإسلامية للقضايا المعاصرة، وتكمن أهمية الموضوع في كونه يقف على بيان الآثار الجنائية والاجتماعية والأحكام الشرعية المتعلقة بالألعاب الإلكترونية وذكر البديل لها. 3- بيان مواكبة الشريعة الإسلامية للحوادث والقضايا المستجدة والطارئة، وأنها صالحة لكل زمان ومكان، وقد اقتضت طبيعة البحث أن يكون منهجه الوصفي التحليلي، وقد خرج بعد عرض مادته بمجموعة من النتائج والتوصيات، ومنها:- أ- من الألعاب الإلكترونية ما يتسبب في إهدار المال والوقت والشريعة الإسلامية حثت على الحفاظ على المال والوقت وهي أيضًا من الكليات الخمس. ب- الأضرار الصحية التي تسببها بعض هذه الألعاب كما سبق ذكره ومن المعلوم أن الشريعة الإسلامية جاءت للحفاظ على الإنسان وصحته وهي من الكليات الخمس الحفاظ على النفس. ج- الأضرار الاجتماعية التي تسببها بعض هذه الألعاب ومن المعلوم أن الشريعة الإسلامية جاءت للحفاظ على النسيج الاجتماعي للمجتمعات.
Analisis Akuntabilitas Dan Transparansi Pengelolaan Dana Bantuan Operasional Sekolah Pada SMP Negeri 3 Kecamatan Natal Kabupaten Mandailing Natal
Authors: Batubara Tiwi Bastari
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif yang dilakukan pada SMP Negeri 3 Kecamatan Natal Kabupaten Mandailing Natal. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengelolaan dana BOS dan juga penerapan akuntabilitas dan transparansi dalam pengelolaan dana Bantuan Operasional Sekolah (BOS) pada tahun ajaran 2021/2022. Manfaat dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui apakah SMP Negeri 3 Natal sudah menerapkan prinsip akuntabilitas dan transparansi dalam pengelolaan dana BOS atau belum. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Dalam penelitian ini, peneliti mewawancarai beberapa narasumber yaitu: Kepala Sekolah, Bendahara BOS, Petugas Adminitrasi dan Guru. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah teknik reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan keuangan SMP Negeri 3 Natal sudah berjalan dengan baik sesuai dengan Permendikbud Nomor 6 Tahun 2021, yaitu melibatkan seluruh tim manajemen BOS, komite, dan guru dalam penyusunan perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan pertanggungjawaban sudah sesuai dengan petunjuk teknis penggunaan dana BOS tahun ajaran 2021/2022. Penerapan prinsip akuntabilitas dan pengelolaan dana BOS di SMP Negeri 3 Natal sudah berjalan dengan baik sesuai dengan Permendikbud Nomor 6 Tahun 2021, pertanggungjawaban BOS dilakukan setiap triwulan. Tetapi transparansinya belum berjalan dengan baik dibuktikan karna tidak ada keterbukaan kepada masyarakat/wali murid dan murid mengenai sumber dana ataupun realisasi penggunaan dana BOS bahkan sekedar memajang/menempel pada papan informasi terkait dana BOS tersebut sesuai petunjuk teknis transparansi dalam Permendikbud No 18 Tahun 2019.Kata kunci Akuntabilitas, Transparansi, Pengelolaan Dana BOS
Studi Nilai Massa Jenis Bahan Bakar Alternatif Minyak dari Proses Pirolisis Limbah Plastik HDPE (High Density Polyethylene) dan PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate)
Authors: Erlangga Zeisha , Rahmadi Fahrul , Lubis Damian Andreas
Published: July 2023

Seiring perkembangan teknologi dan pertumbuhan penduduk, dan meningkatnya juga penggunaan barang berbahan dasar plastik sehingga perlu dilakukan upaya untuk mengolah sampah plastik menjadi bahan yang bermanfaat, yaitu bahan bakar minyak sintetis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan nilai dari massa jenis bahan bakar minyak dari sampah plastik HDPE (High Density Polyethylene) dan PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) dari proses pirolisis agar dapat dilakukan perbandingan secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif bahan bakar minyak yang dihasilkan dari sampah plastik. Jumlah sampah plastik yang dibutuhkan sebanyak 500 gram dalam sekali tes selama 120 menit dengan 3 kali pengulangan. Parameter yang diuji diantaranya volume dan massa jenis, dimana penelitian ini dilakukan di Laboratorium (outdoor) Limbah Padat dan Limbah Cair Fakultas Teknik Universitas Tanjungpura. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, nilai parameter fisik berdasarkan volume rata-rata minyak yang dihasilkan oleh pirolisis limbah plastik HDPE adalah 74 ml, sedangkan volume minyak yang dihasilkan oleh pirolisis limbah plastik PET adalah 27 ml., dan rata-rata massa jenis minyak hasil pirolisis sampah plastik HDPE sebesar 769 kg/m3, sedangkan rata-rata massa jenis minyak hasil pirolisis sampah plastik PET sebesar 794 kg/m3. Hasil analisis kuantitas dan kualitas menunjukkan bahwa minyak limbah plastik HDPE mendekati kualitas bahan bakar minyak, sedangkan limbah plastik PET mendekati kualitas minyak tanah.
Kontaminasi Logam Berat pada Air Sumur Warga Akibat Air Lindi dari Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir (TPA)
Authors: Meyrita Meyrita , Sandria Feri S , Najmi Istafan , Firdus Firdus , Rizki Alia , Nasir Muhammad
Published: July 2023

Sistem pengelolaan sampah di sejumlah TPA di Indonesia masih menerapkan metode open dumping yang dapat mencemari lingkungan melalui rembesan air lindi. Logam berat yang terkandung dalam air lindi dapat mempengaruhi kualitas air sumur warga yang berdekatan dengan lokasi TPA. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi/penelusuran pustaka dengan mengumpulkan artikel mengenai air lindi dari Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir (TPA) yang dilaporkan sudah mencemari air sumur warga. Referensi yang dikumpulkan dalam rentang tahun 2013-2023. Beberapa penelitian di Indonesia menunjukkan bahwa sumur-sumur warga yang berdekatan dengan Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir (TPA) telah tercemar oleh logam berat dengan kandungan yang melebihi standar baku mutu yang ditetapkan dalam peraturan pemerintah. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan TPA di Indonesia masih memerlukan perhatian dan perbaikan yang lebih serius untuk mencegah pencemaran lingkungan dan kesehatan masyarakat. Berbagai penelitian ini memberikan informasi penting mengenai kondisi polusi air dan kerentanan air tanah di sekitar TPA. Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi dasar untuk mengembangkan strategi pengelolaan lingkungan yang lebih efektif di wilayah tersebut.
Teknologi Tepat Guna Pengolahan Air Sungai Menjadi Air Bersih
Authors: Riski Andi , Purnaini Rizki , Kadaria Ulli
Published: July 2023

Ketersediaan dan akses air bersih masih menjadi persoalan di Kalimantan Barat, salah satunya di Ponpes Al-Fatah, Desa Sungai Itik. Keperluan dalam sehari-hari Ponpes Al-Fatah menggunakan sumber air yang berasal dari air hujan dan air sungai untuk keperluan MCK, namun air hujan belum bisa memenuhi kebutuhan air bersih dari aspek kontinuitas, sedangkan air sungai dari aspek kualitas. Oleh karena itu diperlukan teknologi pengolahan air bersih tepat guna untuk mengolah air sungai menjadi air bersih. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kualitas air sungai didepan Ponpes Al-Fatah, dan merancang teknologi pengolahan air tepat guna berdasarkan kualitas air baku yang dimanfaatkan. Metode pengolahan air yang dipilih adalah unit pengolahan lengkap. Hasil Analisis kualitas air baku sungai didepan Ponpes Al-Fatah Desa Sungai Itik, pH 7,18, kekeruhan 6,89 NTU, warna 109 TCU, TDS 603 mg/l, suhu 36℃, dan total coliform 33 APM/100 ml. Pengolahan air dengan unit operasi dan proses yang sudah dirancang mampu mengolah air baku menjadi air bersih, nilai pH 6,8 mg/l, kekeruhan 1,8 NTU, warna 2 TCU, TDS 872 mg/l, suhu 30,6 ℃, dan total coliform sebesar 0 APM/100 ml. Pengolahan air dapat digunakan untuk memperbaiki kualitas air sungai memenuhi standar Permenkes No.2/MENKES/2023.
ANALISIS KETERKAITAN KARAKTERISTIK MASYARAKAT DENGAN POLA KESADARAN MASYARAKAT DALAM PENGURANGAN PENGGUNAAN KANTONG PLASTIK DI KECAMATAN KENJERAN KOTA SURABAYA
Authors: Hanik Siti Umi , Yulfiah Yulfiah
Published: July 2023

Permasalahan sampah menduduki peranan penting dalam problematika pencemaran lingkungan di Indonesia. Terlebih lagi, dengan kemajuan teknologi, manusia dihadapkan pada permasalahan sampah plastik yang carut marut. Kota Surabaya dengan jumlah penduduk terbesar kedua setelah Jakarta, mempunyai permasalahan termasuk kota dengan persampahan plastik. Melalui Peraturan Walikota No 16 Tahun 2022 tentang Pengurangan Penggunaan Kantong Plastik, pemerintah Kota Surabaya berusaha menekan sampah yang masuk ke TPA atau Tempat Pemrosesan Akhir. Peraturan diberlakukan untuk retail, swalayan, restoran, dan pasar tradisional. Terkait hal tersebut, perlu diketahui keterkaitan karakteristik masyarakat dengan pola kesadaran masyarakat terhadap pengunaan kantong plastik di kecamatan Kenjeran Kota Surabaya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karaktristik masyarakat berupa faktor usia, pendidikan, jenis kelamin, dan penghasilan berkorelasi dengan pola kesadaran masyarakat yang terdiri dari faktor pengetahuan, sikap, perilaku, kepedulian, dan partisipasi. Dengan demikian, program peningkatan kesadaran pada masyarakat untuk pengurangan penggunaan kantong plastik di Surabaya dirancang dengan memperhatikan faktor-faktor tersebut
Comparative characteristics for producers of pink salmon Oncorhynchus gorbuschain the basin of Lake Sopochnoe
Authors: Elnikov A. N. , Zelenikhina G. S. , Zelennikov O. V.
Published: July 2023

Pink salmon spawners in the channel connecting Lake Sopochnoe (Iturup Island) with the sea are investigated. The samples were collected in July-August, 2016. The males dominated significantly during entire spawning run. The fish became more and more ready for spawning with approaching to the end of the run. The average length and weight of females were 50.0 ± 0.3 cm and 1.53 ± 0.03 kg, the average length and weight of males — 50.2 ± 0.2 cm and 1.56 ± 0.02 kg; the fish caught in the channel were significantly larger than the pink salmon spawners caught in the adjacent Prostor Bay at the same time (on average 48.5 ± 0.1 cm, 1.32 ± 0.01 kg and 49.0 ± 0.2 cm, 1.40 ± 0.02 kg for females and males, respectively).
MolScore: A scoring and evaluation framework for de novo drug design
Authors: Thomas Morgan , O'Boyle Noel M. , Bender Andreas , de Graaf Chris
Published: July 2023

MolScore is an open-source Python framework for scoring and evaluating molecules in the context of goal-directed generative models as used in de novo drug design. MolScore includes many relevant scoring functions for de novo drug design such as molecular similarity, docking software, predictive models, and synthesizability, as well as commonly used performance metrics to evaluate generative model performance based on chemistry generated. Integration into an existing generative model framework is simple, requiring just three lines of code, and graphical user interfaces are provided for objective configuration and for monitoring de novo molecules generated. As a real-world demonstration of its use, we use it to design selective 5-HT2a ligands using 266 pre-trained off-target predictive models. MolScore can also be used for generative model evaluation as we demonstrate by analysing and selecting fine-tuning epochs of an RNN-based generative model. Moreover, the use of configuration files allows the sharing of objectives within the community for the purposes of reproducibility, comparison, and benchmarking; making it easier to propose drug discovery relevant objective functions as benchmark tasks. The code is freely available and hosted on GitHub, https://github.com/MorganCThomas/MolScore.
Excited-state odd-even effect in through-space interactions
Authors: Xiong Zuping , Zhang Jianyu , Sun Jing Zhi , Zhang Haoke , Tang Ben Zhong
Published: July 2023

Odd-even effect is a fantastic phenomenon in nature, which has been applied in diverse fields such as organic self-assembled monolayers and liquid crystals. Currently, the origin of each odd-even effect remains elusive, and all of the reported odd-even effects are about the ground-state properties. Here we discover an excited-state odd-even effect in through-space interaction (TSI) of nonconjugated tetraphenylalkanes (TPAs). The TPAs with an even number of alkyl carbon atoms (C2-TPA, C4-TPA, and C6-TPA) show strong TSI, long-wavelength emission, and high QY. However, the odd ones (C1-TPA, C3-TPA, C5-TPA, and C7-TPA) are almost nonemissive with negligible QY. Systematically experimental and theoretical results reveal that the excited-state odd-even effect is synthetically determined by three factors: alkyl geometry, molecular moveability, and intermolecular packing. Moreover, these flexible luminescent TPAs possess tremendous advantages in fluorescent information encryptions. This work extends the odd-even effect to photophysics, demonstrating its substantial importance and universality in nature.