bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Semiotyka kognitywna: zwrot ku znaczeniu
Authors: Konderak Piotr
Published: February 2025

DEFINICJA POJĘCIA: Semiotyka kognitywna (cognitive semiotics) to transdyscyplinarne badania nad strukturami znaczeń i procesami tworzenia znaczeń (meaning-making), łączące pojęcia i metody semiotyki, kognitywistyki i językoznawstwa, w istotny sposób odwołujące się do fenomenologii.
ANALIZA HISTORYCZNA POJĘCIA: Semiotyka kognitywna wyłoniła się jako efekt współpracy semiotyków, językoznawców, kognitywistów i filozofów poszukujących odpowiedzi na pytanie o istotę znaczenia. Punktem wyjścia były pytania o semiotyczną perspektywę na poznanie i poznawczą perspektywę na procesy semiozy.
UJĘCIE PROBLEMOWE POJĘCIA: Semiotyka kognitywna staje przed problemem sformułowania ram pojęciowych, pozwalających na jednolite ujęcie zjawisk będących przedmiotem dyskusji w semiotyce, językoznawstwie i kognitywistyce. Kluczowe pojęcie, znaczenie, rozumiane jest w terminach dynamicznej relacji pomiędzy ucieleśnionym podmiotem a środowiskiem, wyznaczonej wartością, jaką stanowią elementy środowiska dla tego podmiotu. Rozumienie takie stanowi podstawę koncepcji wielopoziomowego znaczenia, tj. tzw. hierarchii semiotycznej obejmującej cztery poziomy: życia, świadomości, użycia znaków i języka. W ujęciu metodologiczym semiotyka kognitywna opiera się na idei feno-metodologicznej triangulacji, postulującej wykorzystanie w badaniach nad strukturami znaczenia i procesami tworzenia znaczeń metod pierwszo-, drugo- i trzecioosobowych z uznaniem epistemologicznego pierwszeństwa metod pierwszoosobowych. Rozstrzygnięcie problemu relacji pomiędzy semiotyką kognitywną a kognitywistyką wymaga odwołania do enaktywnych i ucieleśnionych koncepcji poznania.
REFLEKSJA SYSTEMATYCZNA Z WNIOSKAMI I REKOMENDACJAMI: Semiotyka kognitywna dostarcza obrazu podmiotowości wykraczającego poza koncepcję przetwarzającego informacje agenta. Zaproponowane ramy pojęciowe, m.in. Hierarchia Semiotyczna, pozwalają na spójne ujęcie licznych codziennych aktywności podmiotów poznających w kategoriach procesów tworzenia znaczeń. Semiotyka kognitywna wciąż doświadcza ograniczeń związanych z integracją metod różnych podejść.
Współczesna etyka cnót
Authors: Gałecki Sebastian
Published: February 2025

DEFINICJA POJĘCIA: Etyka cnót to najstarsza teoria moralności, istniejąca nieprzerwanie od dwóch i pół tysiąca lat. Jej główne założenia obejmują ścisłe powiązanie oceny czynu z oceną podmiotu działającego, dynamiczność i teleologiczność osoby ludzkiej oraz istotny związek indywidualnej egzystencji z życiem wspólnotowym. Cnoty są tymi nabytymi zdolnościami, które umożliwiają dobre wypełnianie zadań i obowiązków wynikających z tożsamości podmiotu.
ANALIZA HISTORYCZNA POJĘCIA: Źródeł etyki cnót należy poszukiwać w starożytnej Grecji, gdzie filozofowie tacy jak Sokrates, Platon czy Arystoteles uznawali ἀρετή za doskonałość właściwą każdemu bytowi w spełnianiu naturalnych dla siebie funkcji i przez analogię odnosili to także do człowieka, który żyje rozumnie. Następnie ta idea była rozwijana przez moralistów rzymskich, takich jak Cyceron czy Seneka, by następnie zostać podjęta przez najwybitniejszych myślicieli średniowiecza, ze św. Tomaszem z Akwinu na czele. Przez ponad trzysta lat nowożytności była ignorowana, by w połowie ubiegłego stulecia odzyskali ją filozofowie anglosascy związani ze szkołą analityczną, przede wszystkim Gertrude Elizabeth Margaret Anscombe i Philippa Foot.
UJĘCIE PROBLEMOWE POJĘCIA: Etyka cnót stanowi dziś jeden z trzech głównych paradygmatów filozofii moralności – obok deontologii i utylitaryzmu. Charakteryzuje ją odmienne od tamtych podejście do relacji podmiot–przedmiot działania, wagi wychowania moralnego, uzasadnienia norm moralnych i zastąpienia kryterium słuszności przez tradycyjne pojęcie dobra i cnotliwości.
REFLEKSJA SYSTEMATYCZNA Z WNIOSKAMI I REKOMENDACJAMI: Niektórzy proponują, by zastapić nazwę „etyka cnoty” określeniem „etyka zdrowego rozsądku”. Postulat ten wynika z przywiązania aretologii do życia codziennego, do rozwiązywania praktycznych problemów moralnych i niechęci do teorii. Niemniej współczesna etyka cnót stanowi dojrzałą teorię moralności, skuteczną tak w obszarze etyki ogólnej, jak i stosowanej.
Bioetyka
Authors: Soniewicka Marta
Published: February 2025

DEFINICJA POJĘCIA: Bioetyka to dziedzina etyki stosowanej zajmująca się wyzwaniami związanymi z rozwojem biomedycyny.
ANALIZA HISTORYCZNA POJĘCIA: Bioetyka pojawiła się w wieku XX, wyrastając z etyki medycznej. Można wskazać cztery przyczyny jej narodzin: 1) sekularyzacja, 2) drastyczne nadużycia w dziedzinie medycyny, 3) dynamiczny postęp technologiczny i związana z nim technicyzacja medycyny, 4) przełomowe przypadki, w tym sprawy sądowe, które przyczyniły się do rozwoju debaty bioetycznej.
UJĘCIE PROBLEMOWE POJĘCIA: Główne problemy bioetyczne dotyczące początków i kresu życia ogniskują się wokół sporu o ontyczny i normatywny status życia ludzkiego. Pozostałe kwestie bioetyczne sprowadzają się do dyskusji wokół rozumienia czterech podstawowych zasad etyki medycznej: 1) poszanowania autonomii, 2) nieszkodzenia, 3) dobroczynienia i 4) sprawiedliwości.
REFLEKSJA SYSTEMATYCZNA Z WNIOSKAMI I REKOMENDACJAMI: Kwestie bioetyczne są zazwyczaj analizowane i dyskutowane z perspektywy dominujących tradycji etycznych: etyki konsekwencjalnej, w tym przede wszystkim utylitaryzmu i etyki deontologicznej. Wśród alternatywnych podejść wymienia się: neoarystotelizm (współczesna etyka cnót), personalizm etyczny, komunitaryzm, etykę troski. Można przeprowadzić rozróżnienie na etykę opartą na zasadach (pryncypializm, deontologia, utylitaryzm), cnotach (etyka cnót), godności osoby (personalizm), idei wspólnoty (komunitaryzm) czy trosce (etyka troski). Debatę bioetyczną dominuje podejście utylitarystyczne, co budzi uzasadnione kontrowersje.
Teorie zagranicznych inwestycji bezpośrednich
Authors: Michalik Adam
Published: February 2025

DEFINICJA POJĘCIA: Przedmiotem opracowania jest dorobek ekonomii międzynarodowej w zakresie zagranicznych inwestycji bezpośrednich (ZIB), definiowanych w literaturze jako forma alokacji kapitału na poziomie co najmniej 10% udziałów w spółce, mająca na celu nawiązanie długotrwałej relacji między inwestorem a przedsiębiorstwem inwestycyjnym.
ANALIZA HISTORYCZNA POJĘCIA: Autor wskazuje, iż dotychczasowy dorobek ekonomii międzynarodowej w obszarze zagranicznych inwestycji bezpośrednich charakteryzuje duże zróżnicowanie podejść i mnogość klasyfikacji.
UJĘCIE PROBLEMOWE POJĘCIA: Przedstawiono najważniejsze teorie zagranicznych inwestycji bezpośrednich według klasyfikacji prof. Przybylskiej, ujmującej ZIB jako zjawisko o charakterze finansowym i realnym.
REFLEKSJA SYSTEMATYCZNA Z WNIOSKAMI I REKOMENDACJAMI: Teorie ZIB mogą stanowić przydatny fundament w procesie analizy naukowej kapitałowych przepływów inwestycyjnych, jednak należy pamiętać, iż poszczególne teorie charakteryzuje monokazualny charakter. Dlatego należy w procesie analitycznym uwzględniać całość dorobku w zakresie teorii ZIB w celu integracji mnogich i zróżnicowanych aspektów makro- i mikroekonomicznych.
Sztuczna inteligencja
Authors: Flasiński Mariusz
Published: February 2025

DEFINICJA POJĘCIA: W rozdziale przedstawione zostały różne definicje pojęcia „sztuczna inteligencja” oraz zamieszczona została typologia systemów sztucznej inteligencji.
ANALIZA HISTORYCZNA POJĘCIA: Rozdział zawiera chronologiczny przegląd podstawowych paradygmatów sztucznej inteligencji (AI) począwszy od lat 50. XX wieku. W ramach podobszaru symbolicznej sztucznej inteligencji omówione zostały takie podejścia do konstrukcji systemów AI jak: symulacja kognitywna, podejście oparte na logice oraz podejście oparte na wiedzy. W dalszej części rozdziału przedstawione zostały następujące podejścia w podobszarze inteligencji obliczeniowej: modele inspirowane matematyką, modele konekcjonistyczne, oraz obliczenia ewolucyjne.
UJĘCIE PROBLEMOWE POJĘCIA: W rozdziale zostały scharakteryzowane najważniejsze metody/modele sztucznej inteligencji: metody przeszukiwania przestrzeni stanów, modele logiki matematycznej, modele oparte na wiedzy regułowej, strukturalne modele reprezentacji wiedzy, syntaktyczna analiza wzorców, rozpoznawanie obrazów, algorytmy genetyczne, programowanie genetyczne i sztuczne sieci neuronowe.
REFLEKSJA SYSTEMATYCZNA Z WNIOSKAMI I REKOMENDACJAMI: Ostatni rozdział zawiera dyskusję poświęconą fundamentalnym barierom metodologicznym w konstrukcji systemów „inteligentnych”. W tym celu wprowadzone zostały dychotomie: silna AI vs słaba AI oraz ogólna AI (AGI) vs specyficzna AI, a także pojęcie sztucznej superinteligencji.
Kategorie etyki współczesnej
Authors: Bugajska Anna
Published: February 2025

DEFINICJA POJĘCIA: Etyka współczesna dotyczy pytań o dobre życie, rodzących się na granicy napięć pomiędzy dobrem jednostki a dobrem ogółu, zadając szereg pytań o Innego oraz o wspólnotę i jej sens w kontekście rosnącej atomizacji i indywidualizmu. Ramy współczesności określa się w takiej dyskusji najczęściej jako sięgające połowy XX wieku do dnia dzisiejszego.
ANALIZA HISTORYCZNA POJĘCIA: Historia etyki współczesnej wiąże się bardzo ściśle z historią myśli filozoficznej jako takiej oraz z historią powszechną. W kontekście współczesności będziemy mówić szczególnie o wielkich konfliktach (np. II wojna światowa) oraz przełomach w rozwoju nauki (np. zsekwencjonowanie ludzkiego genomu).
UJĘCIE PROBLEMOWE POJĘCIA: Etykę współczesną charakteryzują polifoniczność i pluralizm, jak również dążenie do interdyscyplinarności. Dyskusje toczą się na temat fundamentalnych pojęć i koncepcji, takich jak człowiek, osoba, prawda, rzeczywistość czy wartości i ich hierarchizacja. Istnieje coraz większe zapotrzebowanie na modele antycypacyjne i spekulatywne, które odpowiadają na warunki niepewności egzystencjalnej. Obserwuje się też poszerzenie pola debaty etycznej i współistnienie w niej głosów akademickich z nieakademickimi.
REFLEKSJA SYSTEMATYCZNA Z WNIOSKAMI I REKOMENDACJAMI: Biorąc pod uwagę kształt etyki współczesnej, należy zwrócić się w stronę zarówno starszych, mocno ugruntowanych systemów etycznych (np. etyka cnót), jak i tych nowo powstających, o mniejszej rozpiętości czasowej (np. bioetyka). Należy też skonfrontować się z problemem możliwości utworzenia etyki uniwersalnej. Wiele uwagi wymaga prowadzenie debaty popularnej, która jest szczególnie zagrożona niekorzystnymi mechanizmami współczesnych mediów.
Pengaruh Komunikasi, Motivasi, dan Komitmen Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT. Nan Darma Kanigara
Authors: Zebua Septin Hartati , Saputro Arie Hendra
Published: February 2025

In an increasingly competitive world, employee performance is one of the key factors determining the success of a company. Optimal employee performance is not only influenced by individual abilities and skills, but also by psychological and social factors in the work environment. This study aims to determine the Effect of Communication, Motivation, and Commitment on Employee Performance at PT. Nan Darma Kanigara. The research method used is a quantitative method with a descriptive verification approach. The population sample studied consisted of 39 employees of PT. Nan Darma Kanigara. Measurement in the questionnaire used a 5-item Likert scale. The data analysis technique in this study used the SPSS v26 software application with the path analysis method. The results of this study indicate that Communication, Motivation, and Commitment have a positive and significant effect on Employee Performance at PT. Nan Darma Kanigara simultaneously and Based on the output results obtained, it can be concluded that the R square value is 0.526, which means 52.6% of Employee Performance at PT. Nan Darma Kanigara is influenced by the variables Communication, Motivation, and Commitment. Meanwhile, the remaining 47.4% is influenced by other variables not discussed in this study.
Pengaruh Stres Kerja dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada Departemen Kinitting PT Kahatex
Authors: Anglaeni Leni , Sarah Siti
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the influence of work stress and work discipline on employee performance in the Knitting Department of PT Kahatex, Cimahi, West Java. This research uses a quantitative method with an associative approach. Data collection techniques include pre-surveys, questionnaires, interviews, and document collection, with a population of 65 individuals (respondents) used as the sample. Data analysis includes validity tests, reliability tests, classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, correlation coefficient analysis, determination coefficient analysis, t-tests, and f-tests. The results show that work stress has a significant negative effect on employee performance by 34.2%. From the partial hypothesis testing, the value of t-count > t-table (4.876 > 2.000) was obtained, indicating that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted, meaning there is a significant negative influence of work stress on employee performance in the Knitting Department of PT Kahatex. Work discipline has a significant positive effect on employee performance by 57.8%. From the partial hypothesis testing, the value of t-count > t-table (7.953 > 2.000) was obtained, indicating that H0 is rejected and H2 is accepted, meaning there is a significant positive influence of work discipline on employee performance. Based on the simultaneous hypothesis testing, work stress and work discipline together have a significant positive effect on employee performance, with a determination coefficient of 68.5%. The remaining 31.5% is influenced by other factors not examined in this study. The simultaneous hypothesis testing shows that the value of F-count > F-table (28.532 > 3.150), indicating that H0 is rejected and H3 is accepted, meaning there is a significant positive simultaneous influence of work stress and work discipline on employee performance in the Knitting Department of PT Kahatex, Cimahi, West Java.
Faktor – Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Efektivitas Sistem Pengendalian Intern (Studi Pada OPD Pemerintah Provinsi Sumatera Selatan)
Authors: Juliana Mery , Periansya  , Satriawan Indra
Published: February 2025

This study aims to determine the effect of leadership style, accounting information systems and audit quality on the effectiveness of the internal control system. The type of data used in this study is primary data. The data in this study were obtained from the collection of questionnaires distributed. The population in this study were 39 Regional Apparatus Organizations (OPD) of the South Sumatra Provincial Government with a sample of 39 Regional Apparatus Organizations (OPD) of the South Sumatra Provincial Government and the sample selection method using purposive sampling. The statistical method in testing the hypothesis in this study is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study state that: (1) leadership style, accounting information system and audit quality partially and significantly affect the effectiveness of the internal control system and (2) leadership style, accounting information system and audit quality simultaneously and significantly affect the effectiveness of the internal control system in the Regional Apparatus Organization (OPD) of the South Sumatra Provincial Government.
Pengaruh Brand Image, Aktivitas Pemasaran, dan Customer Engagement di Media Sosial Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen Pada Produk Rabbani Cabang Kopo di Bandung
Authors: Azrani Shofia Dwi , Sarah Siti
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the influence of brand image, marketing activities, and customer engagement on social media on consumer purchasing decisions on Rabbani products, Kopo Branch in Bandung. Social media as a marketing platform has enabled Rabbani to strengthen its brand image, increase marketing activities, and build closer relationships with consumers (customer engagement). This study highlights how these three variables, both together and individually, influence consumer decisions in choosing Rabbani products. This study uses a quantitative method with a descriptive and verification approach. The researcher involved 100 respondents selected based on the Slovin formula from a total population of 28,159. The results of the descriptive test of this study indicate that brand image, marketing activities, and customer engagement are in the less good category. Brand image has a significant influence on consumer decisions to buy Rabbani products, Kopo Branch in Bandung, while marketing activities and customer engagement do not have a significant influence on consumer purchasing decisions on Rabbani products, Kopo Branch in Bandung.
Hydraulic of Drippers and Suitability for Drip Irrigation of Pond Water Treated with Natural Coagulants
Authors: Aboubacar Yerima Bako Djibo , Salifou Illa , Yadji Guero , Yahaya Abdou
Published: February 2025

The present study was carried out on the experimental sites of the Faculty of Agronomy of the Abdou Moumouni University of Niamey (Niger). In this case, the aim is to assess the suitability for irrigation of pond water treated with natural coagulants derived from Moringa oleifera seeds and raw water from the same pond by highlighting a possible physical clogging of the drippers fed by these different waters. The methodology consists of measuring the water coming from the drippers after each irrigation. To compare the suitability of treated water in a drip irrigation system, three (3) irrigation networks were set up. The hydraulic operation of the latter was previously verified using tap water from the urban distribution network of the city of Niamey on the experimental site of the Faculty of Agronomy of Niamey. The comparison concerned water treated with almond meal (Trt) and almond (Amd) powders from Moringa oleifera and raw water (EB) from the study pond. By carrying out irrigations for 1 hour per network made up of four (4) booms with a total of 24 drippers or 6 drippers per boom. The comparison of the different valve volumes, boom holder volumes, boom volumes, dripper volumes show that at the same pressure, the volumes obtained with the treated water are statistically identical to the reference volumes established with SEEN tap water (Nigerien Water Exploitation Company of Niger). On the other hand, the raw water presented volumes lower and statistically different from the volumes of water mentioned above. This reduction in volume is the consequence of clogging by particles suspended in this network.
Nanorevolution: Unveiling the Future of Periodontology with Nanotechnology
Authors: Singh Dr. Rika , Dingal Dr. Sohini , Majumder Dr. Sharmistha , Singh Dr. Akanksha
Published: February 2025

Aim & Objective: Nanotechnology is a field growing as a major influencer in the health community in recent times. In dentistry, particularly Periodontics, nanotechnology promises great strides in diagnostics, therapeutic strategies and treatment efficacy. Using the specific features of nanomaterials, which involve, their small size, ability to cover large areas while occupying very little space and the chemical attributes that can be changed very easily by the scientists, are some of the innovative approaches towards nanomaterials being used to handle the multifaceted nature of periodontal diseases. This essay examines how nanotechnology is used in periodontology at the cutting edge level with emphasis on how it could redefine preventive practices, diagnostic procedures and curative interventions resulting in positive oral health outcomes. Material & Method: The review adopts a systematic approach to scrutinize the current literature on the employment of nanotechnology in periodontics. A rigorous search through reputable databases identified peer-reviewed articles that met established inclusion criteria. The use of terms such as nanomaterials in periodontal diagnostics, treatments and therapeutics was targeted for data extraction. The study reviews the incorporation of nanotechnology into periodontology with the aim of giving useful information on this new technology. Result: Nanotechnology is widely applied in periodontics and this can be seen from all the literatures. Nanomaterials help in diagnosis, deliver drugs to target cells, and improve tissue repair. Such a discovery points towards the probability of nanotechnology revolutionizing the dental care.
The Role of Employee Competence in Mediating the Relationship between Information System Effectiveness, Employee Training, and Managerial Support on Employee Performance at KKPRI RSSA
Authors: Santoso Bayu , Nadapdap Elevenson , Andarwati Mardiana , Hidayatullah Syarif
Published: February 2025

This research aims to analyze the influence of information system effectiveness, employee training, and managerial support on employee performance, both directly and through the mediation of employee capability, at the Consumer Cooperative of Employees of the Republic of Indonesia at RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar (KKPRI RSSA Syaiful Anwar). Using a quantitative approach and path analysis, data were collected from 50 employees who directly interacted with the information system through questionnaires. The results revealed that information system effectiveness, employee training, and managerial support significantly influence employee capability and performance. Employee capability was proven to mediate the relationship between these variables and employee performance. Information system effectiveness showed a stronger direct impact on performance than its indirect effect through employee capability. Conversely, employee training had a negative direct impact on performance but became positive when mediated by employee capability. This study highlights the importance of enhancing employee capability to support optimal performance through effective information systems, managerial support, and relevant training.
Legal Force of Certificate of Mortgage Rights Issued Upon the Existence of the Element of Onbeschikking Bevoeg of the Mortgage Grantor Over the Object of Mortgage Rights
Authors: Rovi Felix , Wisnuwardhani Diah Aju
Published: February 2025

The lack of authority of a party that does not have the right to place a mortgage on a creditor, which in the future results in a dispute, whether criminal or civil, has different legal consequences. So, it is appropriate to know the legal strength of proof of the mortgage right certificate in terms of the registration system in Indonesia and the legal consequences of issuing mortgage rights, which occur based on the mortgagor's lack of authority over the object of the mortgage right. The research uses normative research methods with analytical descriptive analysis techniques. The Mortgage Rights Certificate (SHT) has strong evidentiary power if it meets three main aspects. First, the existence of cadastral data plots, namely data related to land conditions, such as location, area, and land boundaries, which are obtained from accurate measurements of land plots. Second, a public register should be created that records the names of land rights holders. The relevant agencies officially manage this general list and are a trusted source of information. Third, implementing a publication system that shows openness of information to the public allows other parties to know the status of land rights. In issuing an invalid mortgage right due to non-compliance with applicable legal provisions, a mortgage right can have no legal force if the party providing the mortgage right is not registered as the legal owner of the object in question. This will cause losses for the party who receives the mortgage right because they cannot rely on the mortgage right to execute the debt if the debtor does not fulfill his obligations. Non-compliance or violation of the authority and provisions governing legal validity can result in serious legal consequences, such as cancellation of mortgage rights, loss of rights to objects guaranteed, or even material losses for interested parties.
Legal Analysis of Re-Determination of Suspects Based on Tax Law (Case Study of Value Added Tax in the Cigarette Industry of Blitar, East Java, Indonesia)
Authors: Amelia Miftha Rizky , Setiyono Setiyono , Sabrina Nahdiya
Published: February 2025

Taxes are mandatory contributions that individuals and entities must fulfill to support state activities. One significant tax component is the Value-Added Tax (VAT), which substantially contributes to state revenue, including from the tobacco industry sector. However, violations of tax obligations, such as using fictitious tax invoices, often result in state financial losses. One critical case is the re-determination of suspects in a VAT matter involving the tobacco industry in Blitar during 2015-2016, which sparked debates over the legality of the legal procedures. This study employs a normative juridical method with a statutory and case approach to analyze legal procedures related to the re-determination of suspects. The findings indicate that the re-determination of suspects in this case failed to adhere to the principles of justice and applicable legal procedures. The re-determination was carried out without adequate evidence, utilizing previously processed evidence in court without an Eintracht verdict, making it premature and violating the ne bis in idem principle. This highlights that the applied legal procedures did not reflect proper legal practices. This study recommends enhancing the capacity of law enforcement officers to understand tax law and ensure objective judicial processes with valid evidence. Imitating the ultimum remedium principle and applying fair legal principles in tax cases are essential steps to create a better tax system and prevent future violations.
Outcomes of Guideline-Recommended Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Women with Obstructive Coronary Artery Disease: A Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Delamain Tacianne Rolemberg Braga , Delamain José Henrique Herrmann , Braga Sergio Luiz Navarro , Costa Ricardo , Siqueira Dimytri Alexandre Alvim de , Feres Fausto , Centemero Marinella Patrizia
Published: February 2025

Abstract Background Previous studies have shown that women with coronary artery disease (CAD) are less likely to undergo angiography and have less favorable outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Objectives Assess the outcomes of women with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and stable CAD (lesion>50%) treated with contemporary PCI using DES. Methods Observational, longitudinal cohort study with prospective follow-up included all female patients ≥ 18 years admitted at a tertiary public cardiovascular center in Brazil from January 2019 to December 2020. The level of significance adopted in the statistical analysis was 5%. Results 1146 women (average age 65 years) underwent guideline-recommended PCI. Risk factors were frequent (hypertension: 88%, dyslipidemia: 85%, diabetes: 47.5%), and 69% were admitted due to ACS. Radial access was used in 59% of patients; 1516 vessels were treated with 1725 stents implanted (1.5 stents/patient). PCI was successful in 97.7%, in-hospital death occurred in 1.2%, peri-procedural MI in 3.6%, and TIA in 0.4%. Predictors of in-hospital major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE): previous stroke (OR: 2.97; CI: 1.06-7.15; p= 0.023), CKD (OR: 3.11; CI: 1.49-6.20; p= 0.002), and at least one procedural failure during PCI (OR: 10.2; CI: 1.17-5.9; p<0.001). The average follow-up was 576.2 days in 1047 patients. All-cause mortality occurred in 5.3%, cardiac death in 3.5%, recurrent ACS in 8%, and additional revascularization procedures in 5.5%. The predictors for MACCE during FU were hospital admission for ACS for the index PCI (OR: 1.58; HR: 1.06-2.35; p=0.023) and the presence of MACCE during hospitalization (OR: 6.66; HR: 2.42- 18.3; p< 0.001). Conclusion In this pioneering study involving 1146 patients treated by contemporary PCI and followed for almost 2 years, we obtained very encouraging in-hospital and mid-term results.
A Redução da Frequência Cardíaca após Teste de Esforço é Maior em Adultos Fisicamente Ativos e sem Fator de Risco Familiar para Doença Cardiovascular
Authors: Dourado Larissa de Almeida , Dourado Paulo Magno Martins , Oliveira Jaciara Gomes de , Silva Evandra Maria da , Dourado João Paulo de Almeida , Braga Pedro Gabriel Senger
Published: February 2025

Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo é investigar a influência da prática de atividade física, na frequência cardíaca (FC) de recuperação após o teste ergométrico, em esteira, em adultos assintomáticos, com e sem fator de risco familiar para doença cardiovascular. Duzentos e cinquenta adultos de ambos os sexos com idades entre 18 e 59 anos foram estudados. Nenhum dos participantes tinham histórico de doença cardiovascular e não utilizavam remédios para doenças crônicas. Todos foram submetidos ao teste de esforço com o protocolo Ellestad. Os valores de delta foram calculados pela subtração da FC de pico pela FC do primeiro, segundo, quarto e sexto minuto de recuperação. O histórico familiar cardiovascular e de atividade física foram documentados. Para a análise estatística foi feito o teste de ANOVA seguido pelas comparações múltiplas de Bonferroni ou Kruskall-Wallis seguido das comparações múltiplas de Dunn. O delta do primeiro, segundo, quarto e sexto minuto da recuperação, foi menor nos indivíduos que não praticavam atividade física e que não tinham fator de risco cardiovascular familiar, em comparação aos fisicamente ativos e sem fator de risco familiar. Os valores de delta não foram diferentes entre os fisicamente ativos com fatores de risco cardiovascular em comparação aos fisicamente inativos com histórico familiar nos momentos estudados. A prática de atividade física, em indivíduos sem fator de risco familiar, pode promover melhor controle autonômico, proporcionando maior capacidade de reduzir a FC após o esforço. Isso não foi observado naqueles com fator de risco familiar, pois a prática de atividade física não influenciou a FC de recuperação.
THE BLACK-AND-WHITE CATTLE BLOOD MORPHOLOGICAL STATUS WHEN USING PHYTOADAPTOGENS
Authors: Afanasyeva Antonina , Smeyan Daniella
Published: February 2025

The purpose of research is to study the morphological composition of the blood of heifers, no – calf heifers and first-calf heifers of the black-and-white breed using phytoadaptogens from regional raw materi-als. As phytoadaptogens, an extract of cranberry meal containing 40 % ursolic acid, obtained at the Novo-sibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry named after N.N. Vorozhtsov SB RAS, dry extract of Rhodiola rosea with up to 3 % glycosides-salidrosides. The object of research is heifers of black-and-white breed (n=30), after fruitful insemination – heifers, after giving birth – cows – first-calf heifers. For research, 3 groups of animals were formed: control (n=10), 1st experimental (n=10) and 2nd experimental (n=10). Ani-mals of all groups were kept separately in group cages, in accordance with the characteristics of feeding, according to a loose-box system. The control group of heifers was fed the main diet in the form of a hay-lage-concentrate feed mixture, the heifers of the 1st experimental group additionally received cranberry meal extract containing 40% ursolic acid at a dose of 250.0 mg per head for 20 days before insemination; 2nd experimental group of heifers - a two-component composition of the same amount of cranberry meal extract and 200.0 mg per head per day of dry extract of Rhodiola rosea; heifers were fed drugs for 10 days at 3 and 7 months of pregnancy; first-calf heifers - immediately after calving for 20 days. The use of phy-toadaptogens 20 days before the insemination of animals, during pregnancy and immediately after calving helps to increase the adaptive capacity of the body by increasing the respiratory capacity of the blood - the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin, and stabilizing the body's reactivity. A more pronounced reaction of the body was noted when using a two-component composition of phytoadaptogens.
INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT DOSES OF PLANT EXTRACT ON DIET DIGESTIBILITY, SLAUGH-TER INDICATORS, CONVERSION OF SUBSTANCES INTO THE EDIBLE PART OF A POULTRY CARCASS
Authors: Rahmatullin Shamil' Gafiullovich , Nurzhanov Baer , Duskaev Galimzhan
Published: February 2025

The purpose of research is to study the effect of oak bark extract on the digestibility of essential nutri-ents, slaughter rates, protein and energy conversion into the edible part of the bird carcass. Objectives: to establish the effect of various doses of oak bark extract on intake, digestibility of the main diet and energy balance; to identify changes in the slaughter parameters of poultry when fed with oak bark extract; to assess the transformation of nutrients and energy of the diet into products depending on the amount of the injected extract. The subject of the study were 7-day-old broiler chickens Smena-8 in the amount of 120 heads, which were divided into 4 groups (n = 30) by the method of analogues. The control group received the basal diet (BD); I experimental – BD + extract of oak bark No. 1 (1 g / kg of feed); II experimental – BD + of oak bark extract No. 2 (2 g/kg of feed); III experimental – BD + of oak bark extract No. 3 (3 g/kg of feed). The introduction of the test additives into the main diet contributed to a decrease in the consumption of the starter and growth diet by birds from the experimental groups compared to the control group by 8.36–22.53 and 10, 57–28.13 %. Young poultry that received the main diet during the growth period were inferior to their peers from the experimental groups in terms of digestibility of DM by 3.52–3.77 %, SF by 1.62–7.24 %, SP by 3.58–4.46 and carbohydrates 3 .3–4.1 %. It was established that the young poultry, which received extract No. 1 with the main diet, exceeded the analogs from the control in pre-slaughter weight by 1.99 % and muscle tissue weight by 3.57 % (p≤0.01). Also, poultry from group I were superior to the control group, II and III in slaughter yield by 3.9 %, 2.6 and 3.0 %, respectively. The best conversion of protein and energy was shown by the poultry kept on the main diet with the extract at a dose of 1 g/kg of feed, in this parameter they exceeded the control one by 18.87 and 11.44 %.
INVESTIGATION OF THE OPERATION OF A PADDLE MIXER OF BULK PLANT COMPONENTS IN EXTREME MODES
Authors: Matyushev Vasily , Avetisyan Artur , Chapligina Irina , Belyakov Aleksey
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the study is to compare the results of theoretical and experimental studies of the developed and patented design of a paddle mixer in the field of applicability of the theory of mixing loose plant components proposed by the authors. Objectives: to carry out experimental studies of the parametric area of applicability of the theory of mixing with an assessment of the discrepancy between theoretically predicted and actual values of variability and energy intensity in the vicinity of their optimum in order to adapt the model to production conditions. Theoretical estimates of the result indicators and their comparison with similar experimentally obtained values were made using the author's computer program for the process of mixing bulk plant components. For the theoretical description of the boundaries of the region, the Maple computer mathematics system was used in the range of result indicators from minimum to maximum. Research checks were carried out to determine the performance indicators of the paddle mixer operation: the variability and energy intensity of the process of mixing bulk plant components when choosing the optimal modes in the allowable parametric region specified by the angular speed of the shaft rotation, the angle of the blades and the content of millet in the mixture. The quality of the mixing process under the conditions of choosing the best modes of operation of the mixer is estimated by the relative deviation of the actual value of the result indicator from the similar optimal value. It has been established that with the calculation format used, the indicated discrepancy between the minima and maxima does not exceed 5%: for variability it is 2.64832 and 0.36521%, respectively, and for energy intensity it is 0.35019 and 1.34564%.
PLASTICITY OF SPRING WHEAT VARIETIES UNDER THE KRASNOYARSK FOREST-STEPPE CONDITIONS
Authors: Baikalova Larisa , Serebrennikov Yuriy
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the ecological plasticity of spring wheat varieties. Objectives: to evaluate the plasticity of spring wheat in terms of stress resistance, yield, ecological plasticity index, linear regression coefficient; to study the criterion of reliability and plasticity of spring wheat varieties. The location of the study is the Uyarsk GSU, located in the forest-steppe zone of the Krasnoyarsk Region. The objects of the study are 21 varieties of spring wheat, including 19 varieties of spring soft wheat of early ripening, mid-early, mid-ripening, mid-late groups and 2 varieties of spring durum wheat. For soft wheat, the Novosibirskaya 15 variety acted as a control in the early-ripening group of varieties, Altaiskaya 70 in the middle-early group, Altaiskaya 75 in the middle-ripening group, Lider 80 in the middle-late group, and the Oazis variety was the control among durum wheat varieties. A tendency to increase the yield from durum to soft varieties was revealed, among soft wheat varieties – from early ripening to mid-late group. In terms of the yield of soft wheat, the best results (more than 7.0 t/ha) were obtained in the varieties Extra (early ripening), Novosibirskaya 41 (medium-early), Gonets, Omskaya 44, Kuraginskaya 2, Predgornaya (mid-ripening), Lider 80, Union (medium-late), in terms of durum wheat productivity – Omskaya steppe. Data processing according to the method proposed by D.A. Saprygin, made it possible to carry out a comprehensive analysis and determine the plasticity of spring wheat varieties. Based on the results of such an analysis, it can be said that the highest reliability criterion (RC) is for soft wheat varieties of the early ripening group Novosibirskaya 15, Novosibirskaya 16; mid-early group Novosibirskaya 31, Novosibirskaya 41, Pamyati Vavenkov, mid-season group Gonets, Omskaya 44, mid-late group Leader 80, Belukha, Junior, as well as in the durum wheat variety Omskaya steppe.
SPRING WHEAT PLANTLETS VARIETY REACTION TO BANVEL HERBICIDE
Authors: Zlotnikova Olesya , Batanina E
Published: February 2025

The purpose of the study is to determine the level of sensitivity of two varieties of spring wheat of different types to the herbicide Banvel (Syngenta, Switzerland), created on the basis of dicamba, which is a synthetic auxin. Herbicide solutions with concentrations corresponding to half, single and double working doses (0.5RD, 1RD and 2RD, respectively) were used in the experiments. The sensitivity of Minusa and Zemlyachka Sibiri varieties to the herbicide was evaluated. A difference was found in the reaction of plants of different varieties to the herbicide as a stress factor. It was assumed that this difference is genetically determined. In the Minusa variety, a decrease in the growth rate of axial organs was noted against the background of a lower mitotic activity of the apical meristem and an increased frequency of cell division anomalies associated with an increase in the dosage of the herbicide. In the variety Zemlyachka Sibiri, no significant dependences of growth and development parameters on this factor were revealed. The most sensitive to the action of the herbicide was the average total length of the roots of the seedling - in plants of the Minusa variety under the action of the 2RD solution, it decreased by 43.6%, while its variability increased from 24.0 to 42.1%. In the same variety, a lower connectivity of the studied parameters was also observed, which increased under the action of a stress factor.
USING CONIFEROUS – ENERGY ADDITIVE IN FEEDING DAIRY CALVES IN THE KRASNOYARSK REGION
Authors: Lefler Tamara , Adushinov Dmitriy
Published: February 2025

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of a coniferous energy supplement on the growth, development and physiological state of suckling calves. The scientific and economic experiment was conducted in the conditions of the Mikhailovskoye Federal State Unitary Enterprise in the Uzhur District of the Krasnoyarsk Region. The coniferous energy feed supplement is a homogeneous viscous, pasty mass with a coniferous smell, consisting of 50 % glycerin and 50 % of a product made from wood greenery in an environmentally friendly way (certificate of conformity № ROSS RU. AM 05.H 04412). For the experiment, two groups of three-month-old calves, 15 heads in each, were formed using the pair-analogue method. The calves of the first (control) group were on a farm ration (alfalfa hay, crushed oats, barley bran, salt lick, feed chalk) with daily milk feeding in the amount of 6 liters. The calves of the second (experimental) group in addition to the main ration received coniferous concentrate at the rate of 50 g per head per day. The experiment was carried out according to the established zootechnical rules and standards in two periods: preparatory (5 days) and final (92 days). The gross gain in three months (from 3 to 6 months) after the introduction of the coniferous energy supplement (CES) into the ration increased in the young animals of the experimental group by 12.5 kg, the average daily gain in live weight and the growth factor – by 7.2 and 0.4 %, respectively, compared to the control. The results of blood tests showed that in the experimental group of calves the hemoglobin level was higher by 5.4 %; glucose – by 2.5; calcium – by 21.4; phosphorus – by 23.2 %, which indicates an increase in metabolic processes as a result of feeding the coniferous energy supplement at a dose of 50 g per day per head.
REPRODUCTIVE QUALITIES LEVEL OF COWS AGAINST TISSUE PREPARATIONS USE
Authors: Pushkarev Ivan
Published: February 2025

The aim of the study is to determine the level of reproductive performance in cows using tissue preparations. The experiment was conducted in 2023 on Simmental cows during the milking period at the Novotalitskoye Experimental Station, Charyshsky District, Altai Region, Federal State Budgetary Institution FANZA. The experimental cows were administered tissue biostimulants: in the 1st experimental group – Biostimulgin at a dose of 30 ml/head, in the 2nd – ASD-2 fraction at a dose of 2 ml/head in combination with Eleovit at a dose of 10 ml/head, in the 3rd – a tissue preparation at a dosage of 22.5 ml per head per day. The studied tissue preparations were administered subcutaneously in the lower third of the neck, 4 times in the 1st and 2nd experimental groups with an interval of 7 days, in the 3rd experimental group – with an interval of 14 days. The tissue biostimulant made from slaughterhouse waste of antler deer had the greatest impact on the level of reproductive qualities: the time from calving to the first heat decreased by 4.3 %, the proportion of pregnant cows after the first insemination increased by 20.0 %, the service period became shorter by 11.6 % (p < 0.01). In animals in experimental groups I and II, the use of the studied tissue preparations contributed to a decrease in the time from calving to the first heat by 7.1 and 2.3 %, the proportion of pregnant cows after the first insemination increased by 20.0 and 10.0 %, the service period decreased by 8.4 (p < 0.05) and 6.1 %, respectively.
CHANGES IN THE FERMENTED DAIRY PRODUCTS QUALITY FOR BABY FOOD DURING STORAGE
Authors: Scherbakova Yuliya , Akhmadullina Farida , Kuznecova Alena , Samylova Olesya
Published: February 2025

The aim of the study is to investigate the integral antioxidant activity of fermented milk products for children's nutrition during storage. Objectives: to evaluate the IAA of fermented milk products for baby food of the Kazan manufacturer OAO Detskaya Molochnaya Kukhnya and to identify the dynamics of changes in this indicator during their storage; to evaluate the level of oxidative processes in these products and the content of available thiol groups of protein molecules of the studied samples. The object of the study is the range of fermented milk drinks for baby food of the Kazan manufacturer OAO Detskaya Molochnaya Kukhnya (Bioyogurt, Narine, Bifilife). The integral antioxidant activity was determined on the coulometric analyzer Expert-006 by galvanostatic coulometry using electrogenerated bromine, which covers almost all groups of antioxidants in the product sample, is express, has good reproducibility of measurement results, simplicity of instrumental execution, and high accuracy. Additionally, we studied the change in the content of available thiol groups of protein molecules in the samples under study (spectrophotometric method using 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) reagent, which play a key role in oxidation-reduction processes and are one of the key components of the antioxidant system of fermented milk products, and lipid peroxidation using malonic dialdehyde registration (spectrophotometric method using thiobarbituric acid). During storage of the studied products, their antioxidant activity decreased, which was confirmed by a decrease in the amount of available sulfhydryl groups of milk proteins and an increase in the intensity of lipid peroxidation processes. The integral antioxidant activity of fermented milk drinks for nutrition of young children of the Kazan manufacturer OAO Detskaya Molochnaya Kukhnya was studied: Narine had the highest antioxidant activity (99.35 mg/100 ml). The occurrence of oxidation processes during storage of fermented milk products, accumulation of malonic dialdehyde, has been established, which confirms the results obtained on their antioxidant activity. The fermented milk product Bioyogurt had the highest biological value and the lowest accumulation of toxic oxidation products at the end of the shelf life. The prospects of the integral antioxidant activity indicator measured by galvanostatic coulometry for assessing the quality of milk-based products have been shown.
SPECIALIZED OIL AND FAT EMULSION SYSTEMS WITH PROLONGED STORAGE WITH CO2 EXTRACT OF BROWN ALGAE ASCOPHYLLUM NODOSUM
Authors: Tabakaeva Oksana , Tabakaev Anton , Prikhodko Yury , Vladykina Tat'yana
Published: February 2025

The aim of the study is to substantiate the possibility of prolonging the storage of specialized oil-fat emulsion food systems (mayonnaises and mayonnaise sauces) enriched with essential fatty acids of the omega-3 family (eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic) by using a natural antioxidant – supercritical extract of the brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum. By analyzing the obtained experimental data, an assessment is made of its effect on the oxidation and hydrolysis of lipids isolated from specialized oil-fat emulsion food systems. Supercritical extract of the brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum was obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction on TharSCF SFE-500 equipment (Waters, Pittsburgh, USA). The main conditions for obtaining: ethanol as a modifier in a mass fraction of 5 %, the applied pressure is 300 bar, the extraction time is 60 min, the process temperature is 60 °C. The method for obtaining oil-fat emulsion food systems with supercritical extract of brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum is standard "semi-hot". As a fat base for specialized oil-fat emulsion food systems, 4- and 5-component lipid compositions enriched with highly unsaturated unique essential fatty acids - eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic, and also including supercritical extract of brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum were used. The experiments were carried out 3 times, the obtained data are presented as M ± m. Statistical processing was carried out using the Excel program. The reliability of differences was estimated by the Student criterion at the 95 % significance level. It has been experimentally proven that the introduction of supercritical extract of brown alga Ascophyllum nodosum significantly slows down the processes of oxidation and hydrolysis of lipids, as evidenced by changes in the peroxide and acid number of fat isolated from specialized oil-fat emulsion systems, which increases the shelf life (6 months versus 3 months of control).