bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN JENIS SUMBER GULA DAN UREA TERHADAP HASIL FERMENTASI NATA DE PINA
Authors: Ramadhan Bima Rizkia , Rangkuti Maya Ellisa , Safitri Silvia Inge , Apriani Veraditias , Raharjo Angsari Sitorani , Titisgati Ednita Androgini , Afifah Diana Nur
Published: May 2019

Latar belakang : Nanas (Ananas comosus) merupakan tanaman buah yang berasal dari Brazil. Pengolahan nanas di Indonesia yang masih tradisional dan memiliki nilai jual yang rendah menyebabkan diolah menjadi nata lebih menguntungkan. Produk nata yang berasal dari nanas dikenal dengan Nata de Pina. Kandungan nata terbesar adalah air (98%) sehingga nata merupakan sumber makanan rendah kalori. Nata dibentuk oleh bakteri asam asetat pada permukaan cairan (medium) yang mengandung gula / sari buah/ ekstrak tanaman lainnya. Bakteri yang ditumbuhkan dalam pembuatan nata yaitu Acetobacter Xylinum.Tujuan : Tujuan dari penelitian Nata de Pina adalah untuk mengetahui cara pembuatan nata yang baik dengan memanfaatkan nanas madu sebagai bahan baku, untuk mengamati nata hasil olahan secara kualitatif, menganalisa karakteristik nata yang terbentuk dengan pengujian proksimat. Metode : Tahapan awal pembuatan nata adalah pemilihan buah nanas, pencucian bahan dan alat agar steril dari kontaminan, penyiapan bahan baku, penambahan gula (gula pasir, gula Tropicana slim), penambahan urea 10 gr/ 5 l bahan. Selanjutnya dilakukan pendidihan bahan baku, penambahan cuka, penempatan bahan ke dalam wadah, penambahan bakteri  Acetobacter xylinum, melakukan fermentasi terhadap bahan selama 14 hari dan pemanenan. Hasil ; Hasil uji didapat penambahan urea dan penggunaan gula memberikan hasil yang terbaik yaitu tebal 10,2 mm dengan warna putih paling baik, kadar air sebanyak 5,17%, kadar abu 0,75%, lemak 1,2%, serat kasar 2,29%, dan protein kasar 10,88% dalam 100% bahan kering. Kesimpulan : pembuatan nata de pina dengan hasil terbaik adalah dengan penambahan urea dan penggunaan gula. Penelitian ini diharapkan mampu memberikan informasi cara pengolahan nanas madu menjadi nata de pina yang baik.
Conceptual issues in strategy research: Examining the roles of teachers and students in formal education settings
Authors: Thomas Nathan , Rose Heath , Pojanapunya Punjaporn
Published: May 2019

This article provides an overview of the field of language learning strategies, focusing on definitional and conceptual issues as they relate to strategy use in formal education settings. The article first provides evidence of the conflation of language learning strategies with concepts related to self-directedness. It provides evidence via a corpus-based analysis of published papers over time to illustrate that the field has moved away from instructed settings and towards a view of learner agency and self-regulation. We argue that this is a dangerous trend for language education researchers, as current definitions minimize the role of the teacher and classroom contexts in influencing strategic behavior in their students. A conceptualization and subsequent definition that does not stigmatize or exclude learners who are not self-directed, for whatever reason(s), is crucial to advance the field. As a solution, we propose that self-regulation be defined as a dynamic characteristic of learning strategies in order to allow for other-regulated strategies in research. Theorizing the interplay of theselfand strategies on a continuum helps to emphasize the dynamic processes of strategic development, and the roles teachers and students in instructed settings can play in this process.
Temporal Deixis in Old Saxon and Old High German
Authors: Concu Valentina
Published: May 2019

Jetzt›now‹ andbald›soon‹ are frequently used in German to express temporal references with present and future readings, respectively. However, it is not unusual to find them combined with thePerfektandPräteritum, which are commonly described in the literature as past tenses. Although such use of temporal deixis in Modern German is well studied, there is still little research on this topic from a historical perspective. In this paper, I attempt to fill this gap in the literature by exploring the use of the adverbnu›now‹, ›then‹ in Old Saxon and Old High German. Textual analyses of these works reveal that the ›Hêliand‹ and the ›Evangelienbuch‹ exhibit a use of the adverbnusimilar to the use ofjetztandbaldin Modern German, since it was found in combination not only with thePräsens, but also with thePräteritum, and with what can be recognized as the prototype of the modernPerfekt. The analyses also show that, althoughnuwas often used as a pragmatic marker to highlight particular passages or convey the author’s attitude in relation to a specific event, it also retained its temporal meaning, especially when combined with the past tenses, establishing the chronological sequence of the narration.
Die ›Kaiserchronik‹ und der deutsche Adel
Authors: Petersen Christoph
Published: May 2019

The paper explains the broad reception of the ›Kaiserchronik‹ in the German culture throughout the high and late middle ages by its ability to give a historical shape and foundation to a social identity of the medieval German nobility. This identity is based on the Chronicle’s general concept of history and worked out in its series of narratives on the one hand, and mirrored by its reception in the textual tradition on the other. The paper shows that the ›Kaiserchronik‹ ascribes to the German nobility the identity of being the teleologically destined bearer of the Roman empire and that the manuscripts preserving the text contain various reflections of the fact that this identity was actually adopted by the Chronicle’s textual community from the late 12th to the 15th century. This is illustrated by the means of the continuation of the ›Kaiserchronik‹ in its so-called C-Version (I), its contextualization within the famous Vorau codex (II), the excerpt of the Adelger episode in a Vienna codex (III), and the copy of the final parts of the Charlemagne episode in a Munich single sheet (IV). Overall, the examples demonstrate that the ›Kaiserchronikʼs‹ function of shaping and founding a social identity of the German nobility also explains in a new manner its flagrant idiosyncrasies in representing the history of the Roman emperors.
Widersprüche in heldenepischem Erzählen
Authors: Lienert Elisabeth
Published: May 2019

This article (re-)examines (marked) inconsistencies and incompatibilities in Middle High German heroic epic. Those contradictions may result from oral tradition, from the difficulties of transfering oral narratives into literacy, from the conditions of performing from memory, or from traditional narrative regularities of the genre. Frequently, they are striking side effects of a type of narration which is paradigmatic instead of syntagmatic, elliptic and aggregative, scenic and final, and therefore highly tolerant against contradictions of any kind. Contradictions and inconsistencies are (consciously or unconsciously) used (and imitated) as one of the constitutive stylistic features of heroic epic. In some cases, moreover, contradictions and inconsistencies are obviously part of an intentional poetics of contradiction ostentatiously accumulating and exhibiting different layers of knowledge and meaning. The textual strategies of heroic epic, in some respect perhaps of premodern narration in general, tend to favour discrepancies, contrasts, and contradiction instead of nuances, compromises, and smooth transitions.
Effects of acid hydrolysis waste liquid recycle on preparation of microcrystalline cellulose
Authors: Xiu Huijuan , Cheng Rui , Li Jinbao , Ma Feiyan , Song Te , Yang Xue , Feng Pan , Zhang Xuefei , Kozliak Evguenii , Ji Yun
Published: May 2019

Large amounts of acidic waste are produced on the industrial scale during hydrolysis of partially amorphous cellulose to produce microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). The essential disposal and treatment of this highly acidic liquid wastes the acid feedstock and increases the production cost. To maximize the use of acid without sacrificing the MCC product quality, this project reports a successful attempt to recycle the acid hydrolysis waste liquid, focusing on the impact of waste recycling on MCC morphology and reducing sugar in the hydrolysate. The results showed that when the waste liquid is recycled 1-5 times, no metal accumulation occurred while cellulose particles remained intact, maintaining their shape and size. Their extent of crystallinity remained nearly constant, even increasing slightly with up to three cycles. The concentration of reducing sugar showed growth when recycling the waste liquid up to three times, although not quite to the levels that would allow for its cost-effective fermentation. The acid amount to be added at the start of each cycle was near 50% of that used on the first stage.
Study of fabrication of fully aqueous solution processed SnS quantum dot-sensitized solar cell
Authors: Ngoi Kok Kwong , Jun Hieng Kiat
Published: May 2019

In this prelimnary work, the aim was to fabricate a simple tin (II) sulfide (SnS) quantum dot-sensitized solar cell (QDSSC) from aqueous solution. The SnS QDSSCs were characterized by using current-voltage test (I-V test), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. SEM results showed the presence of TiO2 and SnS elements in the sample, confirming the successful synthesis of SnS quantum dots (QDs). The overall efficiency of QDSSCs increased when concentration of the precursor solutions, which were aqueous sodium sulfide and tin (II) sulfate decreased from 0.5 M to 0.05 M. On the other hand, for a fixed precursor concentration, the efficiency of QDSSC reduced once an optimal cycle of of successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) was achieved. The bandgap energies of QDs obtained by extrapolating the Tauc plot were used to predict the QDs size. In general, the QD size was bigger for samples prepared from precursor concentration of 0.5 M, and with higher number of SILAR cycle used. The best performance was obtained from sample prepared from 0.05 M precursor concentration with 4 SILAR cycles.
Modelling and optimisation of oxidative desulphurisation of tyre-derived oil via central composite design approach
Authors: Cherop Peter Tumwet , Kiambi Sammy Lewis , Musonge Paul
Published: May 2019

The aim of this study was to apply the central composite design technique to study the interaction of the amount of formic acid (6-12 mL), amount of hydrogen peroxide (6-10 mL), temperature (54-58°C) and reaction time (40-60 min) during the oxidative desulphurisation (ODS) of tyre-derived oil (TDO). The TDO was oxidised at various parametric interactions before being subjected to solvent extraction using acetonitrile. The acetonitrile to oil ratios used during the extraction were 1:1 and 1:2. The content of sulphur before and after desulphurisation was analysed using ICP-AES. The maximum sulphur removal achieved using a 1:1 acetonitrile to oxidised oil ratio was 86.05%, and this was achieved at formic acid amount, hydrogen peroxide amount, temperature and a reaction time of 9 mL, 8 mL, 54°C and 50 min respectively. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that the reduced cubic model could best predict the sulphur removal for the ODS process. Coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.9776), adjusted R2 = 0.9254, predicted R2 = 0.8356 all indicated that the model was significant. In addition, the p-value of lack of fit (LOF) was 0.8926, an indication of its insignificance relative to pure error.
An environmentally friendly acylation reaction of 2-methylnaphthalene in solvent-free condition in a micro-channel reactor
Authors: Li Wenpeng , Jin Haibo , Yang Suohe , Guo Xiaoyan , He Guangxiang , Zhang Rongyue
Published: May 2019

An efficient and solvent-free acylation of 2-methylnaphthalene (2-MN) is presented using acid chloride as both the acylating agent and solvent in a micro channel reactor. The effect of the catalyst, reactant ratio, mixing temperature, reaction temperature and reaction time on the product yield and selectivity was investigated. At room temperature with a reaction time of only 15 min, the target product, 2-methyl-6-propionylnaphthalene (2,6-MPN), was obtained in 72.3% yield with 73.8% selectivity, and 2-methyl-6-acetylnaphthalene (2,6-MAN) was obtained in 54.1% yield with 55.4% selectivity. The route of synthesis provides a more environmentally friendly and efficient method to prepare 2,6-MPN with no other toxic solvents and efficient mass transfer and heat transfer.
Failure mechanism and acoustic emission signal characteristics of coatings under the condition of impact indentation
Authors: Tian-Shun Dong , Ran Wang , Guo-Lu Li , Ming Liu
Published: May 2019

In this work, the substrate, NiCr coating, Al2O3 coating with NiCr undercoating and Al2O3 coating were tested by an impact indentation device equipped with an acoustic emission (AE) detection equipment. The surface morphology, dimension, cross-sectional image, 3D topography of indention and bonding strength of coatings were analyzed. The failure mechanism and AE signal characteristics of the coatings under impact were studied. The results demonstrate that the failure mode of NiCr coating was dominated by interface cracking, and that of Al2O3 coating is fracture and accompanied by a small amount of interface cracking, while Al2O3 coating with NiCr undercoating possesses common characteristics of the first two. The energy counting and wave voltage of AE signal were more sensitive to the bonding strength of coating in the impact process, which can be used to characterize the bonding strength of coating.
Reducing Surface Cracks and Improving Cleanliness of H-Beam Blanks in Continuous Casting — Improving continuous casting of H-beam blanks
Authors: Chen Wei , Yang Gaiyan , Zhu Liguang , Wang Xingjuan , He Baomin
Published: May 2019

A beam blank is ideal for H-beam production, but there are more defects in/on beam blanks than other common blanks. The study of the H-beam blank quality assurance system has great significance for production to determine the key factors causing defects and optimise the casting process parameters. Experimental analysis and numerical simulation, based on an actual production process, were used as research methods. The former was used to test and analyse the cracks, inclusions, and the flux in the mould to determine the preliminary factors causing defects in a beam blank. The latter was used to simulate the flow and temperature fields and the movement of inclusions to determine the key factor leading to defects and to optimize the casting process parameters. Online implementation of the recommendations of this project was developed, which proved that it is very useful and efficient to control surface cracks on the web and enhance cleanliness of an H-beam blank.
Macroeconomic Regimes, Technological Shocks and Employment Dynamics
Authors: Ferraresi Tommaso , Roventini Andrea , Semmler Willi
Published: May 2019

The debate about the impact of technology on employment has always had a central role in economic theory. At the same time, the nexus of technological progress and employment might depend on macroeconomic regimes. In this work we investigate the interrelations among technology, output and employment in the U.S. economy in growth recessions vs. growth expansions. More precisely, using U.S. data we estimate different threshold vector autoregressions (TVARs) with TFP, hours, and GDP, employing the latter as threshold variable, and assess the generalized impulse responses of GDP and hours as to TFP shocks. For our entire period of observation, 1957Q1–2011Q4, positive technology shocks, while spurring GDP growth, by and large, display a negative effect on hours worked in growth recessions, but they are not significantly different from zero in good times. Yet, since the mid eighties (1984Q1–2011Q4) productivity shocks increase hours worked in low growth periods. The results are mainly driven by the response of labor along the extensive margin (number of employees), and remain persistent so in the face of a battery of robustness checks.
Experience of intravenous calcium treatment and long-term responses to treatment in a patient with hereditary vitamin D-resistant rickets resulting from a novel mutation
Authors: Bayramoğlu Elvan , Şavaş Erdeve Şenay , Shi Yufei , Keskin Melikşah , Çetinkaya Semra , Kurnaz Erdal , Muratoğlu Şahin Nursel , Aycan Zehra
Published: May 2019

Background

Vitamin D resistant rickets (HVDRR), is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene mutations. There is no standard treatment in HVDRR.

Case report

The patient was a 3-year-old girl presenting with short stature, genu varum deformity, waddling gait and alopecia. She had hypocalcemia, hypophosphatemia, hyperparathyroidism and normal 1.25-(OH)2D levels. The patient was initially treated with calcitriol and high-dose oral calcium (Ca) for 22 months. The patient was treated with continuous high dose intravenous (i.v.) Ca therapy for 4 months, following initial lack of response to oral Ca and calsitriol. At the end of the 4 months, rickets was dramatically improved and did not recur for 3 years after i.v. Ca therapy. DNA sequence analyses of the VDR gene showed a homozygous novel mutation.

Conclusions

We identified a novel VDR gene mutation, and we concluded that i.v. Ca therapy from the central catheter is a safe treatment in HVDRR.
(Im)politeness at a Chinese dinner table: A discursive approach to (im)politeness in multi-party communication
Authors: Xia Dengshan , Lan Chun
Published: May 2019

This article presents a detailed analysis of (im)politeness in a naturally occurring multi-party conversation and in doing so challenges the theoretical premise of dyadic communication in traditional politeness research. Informed by the classical theories of Leech (1983) and Brown and Levinson (1987), traditional politeness research has largely been framed in the dyadic model of communication, without taking into full consideration the influence of other participants. Following a number of discursive theorists, we propose that (im)polite utterances are not always addressed exclusively at one hearer or one party of hearers. More often than not, the other parties present exert considerable influence on the design and interpretation of (im)polite utterances as well. Our analyses of three extracts of a multi-party conversation from a Chinese dinner table demonstrate that in a triad involving a relational coalition of two participants, the (im)politeness in some speech acts can be extended or transformed in specific contexts. In particular, a compliment directed at one member of the coalition tends to be polite at the same time to the other member; and a criticism between the coalition members may be polite to the third party under some circumstances. It is argued that the extension and transformation of (im)politeness in a multi-party context are culturally motivated and conditioned by the interpersonal relationships among the different parties. The study points to the need for further research on (im)politeness in a multi-party context.
Overall buckling behaviour of laminated CFRP tubes with off-axis ply orientation in axial compression
Authors: Zhu Ruijie , Li Feng , Zhang Dongdong
Published: May 2019

This paper presents an experimental investigation of overall buckling behaviour of carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) tubes with different off-axis ply orientations. A series of specimens are designed and prepared with stacking sequences [0
∘

4/±θ∘], with θ corresponding to either 0, 90, 45 or 60. Axial compression tests with effective end-reinforcement and hinge support are performed to investigate the overall buckling behaviour. With respect to the future design and application of CFRP tubes with this type of stacking sequence, column curves for each stacking sequences and all test data are fitted based on Perry-Robertson formula. With respect to the high stress level in the relatively short CFRP tube that facilitates the development of defects, test data present high levels of discreetness. We propose a strategy for engineering safe design in which a reduction factor is added to the original reduction factor based on statistical analysis when the universal slenderness ratio is less than 2.
Sequential organization of hinting in online task-oriented L2 interaction
Authors: Balaman Ufuk
Published: May 2019

This study aims to explore the sequential organization of hinting in an online task-oriented L2 interactional setting. Although hinting has been studied within conversation analysis literature, it has not yet been treated as a distinct type of social action. With this in mind, the study sets out to describe the sequential environment of hinting through the unfolding of the action with pre-hinting sequences initiated through the deployment of interrogatives, knowledge checks, and past references; maintained with base hinting sequences initiated through blah blah replacements, designedly incomplete utterances, and metalinguistic clues; and finally progressively resolved with screen-based hinting. Based on the examination of screen-recorded video-mediated interactions (14 hours) of geographically dispersed participants using multimodal conversation analysis, this study provides insights for an overall understanding of the interactional trajectory of hinting as a context-specific social action and contributes to research on L2 interaction in online settings.
Numerical Study on Thermal Choke Behaviors Driven by Various Rocket Operations in an RBCC Engine in Ramjet Mode
Authors: Shi Lei , Gao Da , Xing Liangliang , Qin Fei , He Guoqiang
Published: May 2019

Thermal choke is commonly employed in a fixed geometry RBCC combustor to eliminate the need for physically variable exit geometry. This paper proposed detailed numerical studies based on a two-dimensional integration model to characterize thermal choke behaviors driven by various embedded rocket operations in an RBCC engine at Mach 4 in ramjet mode. The influences of different embedded rocket operations as well as the corresponding secondary fuel injection adjustment on thermal choke generation process, the related thermal throat feature, and the engine performance are analyzed. Operations of embedded rocket bring significant effects on the thermal choke behaviors: (1) the thermal throat feature becomes much more irregular influenced by the rocket plume; (2) the occupancy range in the combustor is significantly lengthened; (3) the asynchrony of the flow in different regions accelerating to sonic speed becomes much more significant; (4) as the rocket throttling ratio decreases, the thermal choke position constantly moves upstream integrally, and the heated flow in the top region that is directly affected by the rocket plume reaches sonic speed more rapidly. Finally, we can conclude that appropriate secondary fuel injection adjustment can provide a higher integration thrust for the RBCC engine with the embedded rocket operating, while the thermal choke is stably controlled, and the increased heat release and combustion pressure are well balanced by the variations of pre-combustion shocks in the inlet isolator.
Exercise Interventions for the Management of Huntington's Disease
Authors: Huffman Christopher
Published: May 2019

EVALUATING AND IMPROVING THE PERFORMANCE OF ACTIVITIES OF DAILY LIVING IS OF PARAMOUNT IMPORTANCE TO MAINTAINING THE LONG-TERM PHYSICAL CAPABILITY OF INDIVIDUALS WITH HUNTINGTON'S DISEASE (HD). BECAUSE MOST PHARMACOLOGIC AND PSYCHIATRIC TREATMENTS FOR HD ARE FOCUSED ON THE MANAGEMENT OF SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF THE DISEASE RATHER THAN DELAYING PROGRESSIVE ONSET OF CLINICAL MANIFESTATION, EXERCISE INTERVENTIONS MAY BE A PROMISING SOLUTION TO PROVIDE BENEFICIAL IMPROVEMENTS IN FUNCTIONAL CAPACITY AND NEUROMOTOR FUNCTION WHILE DELAYING CARE DEPENDENCY.
Strength and Conditioning Off-season Programming for High School Swimmers
Authors: Waller Michael , Shim Andrew , Piper Timothy
Published: May 2019

COMPETITION SWIMMING HAS DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF DISTANCES, INDIVIDUAL, RELAY, AND SWIM STROKES THAT ALL REQUIRE PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE TO SUCCEED. AN EFFECTIVE DRY-LAND PLAN THAT USES BOTH UPPER- AND LOWER-BODY PROGRAMMING CAN IMPROVE SWIMMER STRENGTH, POWER, SWIM EFFICIENCY, AND INJURY PREVENTION. THE CURRENT PROGRAMMING IS SPECIFIC TO THE OFF-SEASON TRAINING FOR HIGH SCHOOL LEVEL SWIMMERS THAT HAVE GENERAL PREPARATION AND SPECIAL PREPARATION PHASES. THESE PHASES HAVE TESTS FOR MONITORING PURPOSES, STRENGTH TRAINING, POWER EXERCISES, AND INJURY PREVENTION OUTLINED IN THE PROGRAM.
The Holy Man in the Courts of Rome
Authors: Doerfler Maria E.
Published: May 2019

Scholars of Late Antiquity have long recognized that bishops played an influential role in the formation and execution of Roman law. Such was the case even in the Syrian realm, traditionally considered the exotic hinterland of the Roman Empire. Fifth- and sixth-century sources, such as the Syro-Roman Lawbook, early exemplars of canon legislation, and homilies and hagiographic narratives, point to a considerable preoccupation with matters of law and justice for Syrian clergy. This article examines a particularly well-attested slice of this data surrounding Rabbula, the fifth-century bishop of Edessa. Rabbula's background in imperial administration and his post-conversion pursuit of asceticism make him in many ways the prototypical late ancient bishop, combining monastic charisma with civic acumen. A collection of rules for clergy and ascetics attributed to him focuses closely upon priests' and bishops' function in the Roman legal system, their collaboration with Roman magistrates, and the ways in which clerical judicial processes reflected and sought to distinguish themselves from their magisterial analogues. Drawing upon the evidence of the Rules and roughly contemporaneous texts addressing legal practice in Edessa suggests that, Syria's reputation as sui generis notwithstanding, in their judicial capacity Syrian clergy bore striking resemblances to their Western counterparts.
Managing Early Christian Funerary Practice in the Catacombs of Ancient Rome
Authors: Rutgers Leonard V.
Published: May 2019

Using data collected in the early Christian catacombs of St. Callixtus on the Appian Way and comparing these with data from the Jewish catacombs of Villa Torlonia on the Via Nomentana, this article discusses what sort of labor the building of the early Christian catacombs of Rome entailed, what kind of investment this required, and how these expenses related to the costs incurred in other big architectural projects dating to the same general period. It then explores the significance of these expenses by historically contextualizing the evidence in reference to current debates on the issue of early Christian catacomb organization, early Christian social history, and managerial developments within the early church. The article concludes by highlighting how economic feasibility was a major factor that allowed the early Christian catacombs to develop into huge communal cemeteries and how this development, in turn, affected early Christian identity formation.
Early Christian Female Pilgrimage to the Shrines of Saint Menas, Saint Simeon the Elder, and Saint Thecla1
Authors: Stafford Grace
Published: May 2019

Elite female pilgrims are some of the most celebrated and well-studied women of Late Antiquity. The narratives surrounding the travels of women such as Egeria or Paula constitute a large proportion of our knowledge about pilgrimage practice in general and have formed the focus for the study of gender and pilgrimage in particular. This bias towards famous literary sources and elite experience, however, obscures our understanding of the “normal” women who made up the majority of female pilgrims. This article seeks to redress this imbalance by integrating material and textual sources from three sites of early Christian pilgrimage in order to better understand the interconnected relationship women had with these shrines. Evidence from the shrines of Saint Menas at Abu Mina, Saint Simeon the Stylite the Elder at Qal'at Sem'an, and Saint Thecla at Seleucia show how gender could shape pilgrimage experience and how sites recognised women as a specific visitor demographic and catered to their needs. This was achieved through the provision of narratives related to the dangers of pilgrimage, segregated spaces, and products aimed at women to purchase. In a wider sense, it argues that many women in Late Antiquity had greater freedom to travel and move in public spaces than is often recognised and that this freedom was not necessarily dependent on marital or sexual status.
Herausforderungen für die Steuerung interorganisational verteilter Produktentwicklungsprojekte
Authors: Speth Michael , Pedell Burkhard
Published: May 2019

Um das Potenzial, das sich Unternehmen aus einer gemeinsamen Produktentwicklung mit Partnern versprechen, nutzen zu können, gilt es, die damit einhergehenden Herausforderungen innerhalb des Managements von verteilten Produktentwicklungsprojekten zu erkennen und zielgerichtet zu steuern. Dazu werden die Gestaltungsparameter einer verteilten Produktentwicklung dargestellt, welche den Rahmen für die laufende Steuerung bilden. Auf dieser Basis werden potenzielle Steuerungsprobleme identifiziert und analysiert sowie exemplarische Steuerungsmaßnahmen vorgestellt.
Ausgestaltung und Weiterentwicklung wertorientierter Anreizsysteme mithilfe der Self-Determination Theory
Authors: Reinbacher Philipp , Göhler Georg-Friedrich , Schmidt Julian
Published: May 2019

Anreizsysteme sind häufig noch nicht auf nachhaltige Steigerungen von Unternehmenswerten ausgelegt und stellen für Manager daher oft eine Versuchung dar, durch eine kurzfristige Erhöhung von Kenngrößen, hohe Boni zu verwirklichen. Der vorliegende Beitrag zeigt Möglichkeiten auf, diesen Fehlanreizen entgegenzuwirken und stellt zudem dar, wie durch eine externe Kontrollinstanz Transparenz über Vergütungssysteme hergestellt werden kann.
The Community Access to Child Health (CATCH) Program: A 25-Year Retrospective
Authors: Oettgen Barbara , Ruch-Ross Holly , Barrett Hope A. , Bennett-Tejes Dana , Palmer Karla , Hobson Wendy L.
Published: May 2019

For 25 years, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Community Access to Child Health (CATCH) program has supported pediatricians in collaborating within their communities to advance the health of all children. CATCH grants support pediatric residents and pediatricians in planning or implementing community-based child health initiatives. The CATCH program has provided almost 10 million dollars through 842 planning, 585 resident, and 305 implementation grants to >1700 pediatricians. Urban, rural, suburban, and tribal communities in every state as well as the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico have benefited from CATCH-funded projects. Collaborations with community partners such as schools, homeless shelters, and mental health centers have led to programs serving children and families, especially those living in poverty and in minority groups. The most recent program data reveal that 87.5% of the projects are operating 2 years after funding. Many CATCH projects have not only sustained themselves but have grown into larger programs with funding from other sources. CATCH has influenced pediatricians’ careers by providing important skills, networking opportunities, career legitimacy, mentoring opportunities, and increased engagement with the AAP. More than 350 pediatricians have served the AAP as CATCH facilitators, the network of physicians that provides technical assistance to applicants and reviews grant applications. Responding to changing trends, CATCH leaders have looked at other funding models and recently launched the CATCH-On initiative. CATCH-On creates and provides templates from successful CATCH projects to busy pediatricians who can then implement the project in their communities with minimal funding.
Treating Patients Following Hospitalisation for Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: An Insight into Reducing Early Rehospitalisations
Authors: Iacovoni Attilio , D’Elia Emilia , Gori Mauro , Oliva Fabrizio , Lorini Ferdinando Luca , Senni Michele
Published: May 2019

Heart failure (HF) is a pandemic syndrome characterised by raised morbidity and mortality. An acute HF event requiring hospitalisation is associated with a poor prognosis, in both the short and the long term. Moreover, early rehospitalisation after discharge negatively affects HF management and survival rates. Cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular conditions combine to increase rates of HF hospital readmission at 30 days. A tailored approach for HF pharmacotherapy while the patient is in hospital and immediately after discharge could be useful in reducing early adverse events that cause rehospitalisation and, consequently, prevent worsening HF and readmission during the vulnerable phase after discharge.
Evaluación Superficial de Vías Urbanas empleando Vehículo Aéreo No Tripulado (VANT)
Authors: Cruz Toribio Jorge Omar , Gutierrez Lazares José Wilfredo
Published: May 2019

Este trabajo de investigación presenta una metodología alternativa de gestión de pavimentos en vías urbanas, basado en la evaluación superficial del pavimento mediante el uso de imágenes georreferenciadas, obtenidas por un vehículo aéreo no tripulado (VANT) que se procesan generando un ortomosaico y un modelamiento en 3D de alta resolución, que se utiliza para realizar la evaluación superficial por el Método Pavement Condition Index (PCI). Finalmente, con los resultados obtenidos se logra reducir significativamente los tiempos de inspección y costos de evaluación optimizando los recursos de los gobiernos municipales. Además, permite a la entidad determinar los costos de mantenimiento o rehabilitación de tal manera de conservar en buen estado los pavimentos urbanos.
Analysis of Price Efficiency of Smallholder Farmers in Maize Production in Gudeya Bila District, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia: Stochastic, Dual Cost approach
Authors: Edosa Tolesa Tesema , Kebede Temesgen , Shumeta Zekarias
Published: May 2019

Even if Ethiopia had adopted different strategy and policies the productivity of agricultural production is not as meet the demand of the peoples.  The aim of this study was to analyze productivity and price efficiency of smallholder farmers in maize production in the study area. To meet the stated objectives primary data were collected using structured questionnaires from 154 randomly selected sample households during the 2017/18 production year. Copdoglous production function was applied to analysis productivity where as dual cost is used to estimate price efficiency.  Tobit model was used to identify factors affecting price efficiency level. Price efficiency were 70.06%. Thus the results reveal exists considerable levels of price inefficiencies in maize production in study area. The Tobit model results revealed that livestock holding and participation in off/non-farm activities had positive effect and distance of maize plot from home were found to had negative effect on price efficiency The result indicated that there exists a room to increase the price efficiency of maize producers in the study area. For realizing significant price efficiency gains policies and strategies of the government should be directed towards increasing farmer’s livestock holding and promoting off/non-farm activities.
Tratamento cirúrgico da instabilidade do ombro através da transferência do tendão longo do bíceps trans-subescapular.
Authors: Ramos Max Rogério Freitas , San-Júnior Yonder Archanjo Ching , Alves Luiz Henrique Pereira
Published: May 2019

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever, em cadáver, a técnica de transferência do tendão longo do bíceps para o tratamento da instabilidade anterior do ombro. Nesta técnica, o tendão longo do bíceps braquial é desinserido do tubérculo supraglenoidal e transferido para a borda anterior da cavidade glenoidal, através da tenotomia do subescapular, reproduzindo o efeito tirante e aumentando o batente anterior. A técnica é de fácil execução, minimizando os riscos da transferência do processo coracoide e pode ser uma opção para o tratamento da instabilidade glenoumeral.
Simpatectomia torácica por videotoracoscopia: revisão da literatura.
Authors: Nicolini Eveline Montessi , Costa Víctor de Oliveira , Montessi Jorge , Rodrigues Guilherme de Abreu , Cangussu Victor Vitoi , Reis Ana Flávia Miranda , Marques Filho Flávio Vieira
Published: May 2019

RESUMO A simpatectomia toracoscópica mostrou-se eficaz no alívio da hiperidrose em diversos pacientes, com melhora da qualidade de vida. O conhecimento do quadro clínico de cada paciente, assim como, as possíveis complicações pós-operatórias, são fundamentais para a obtenção de bons resultados. Deste modo, foi realizada uma revisão na base de dados PubMed de artigos publicados entre 2005 e 2019 que apresentavam como temática principal a simpatectomia realizada por videotoracoscopia para o tratamento da hiperidrose, com o objetivo de avaliar o atual estado da arte referente à qualidade de vida pós-operatória, o tempo de cirurgia e as suas complicações. A partir desta análise, verificou-se a importância do nível de secção da cadeia ganglionar simpática em relação aos resultados. As complicações, apesar de ocorrerem, não reduziram o nível de satisfação e qualidade de vida pós-operatória dos pacientes.
Trabalho e saúde de professoras e professores no Brasil: reflexões sobre trajetórias das investigações, avanços e desafios
Authors: Araújo Tânia Maria de , Pinho Paloma de Sousa , Masson Maria Lucia Vaz
Published: May 2019

Este Ensaio discute a temática de trabalho e saúde docente no Brasil. Tem como objetivos: descrever trajetórias iniciais das investigações de saúde do/a professor/a no contexto brasileiro; discutir elementos que consolidaram consenso com relação à caracterização do trabalho e os principais problemas de saúde neste grupo; e sistematizar seus principais avanços e desafios. O Ensaio é organizado com base na experiência de mais de duas décadas em investigações e práticas nessa temática. Valendo-se dessa experiência identificam-se seus movimentos, as evidências acumuladas e perspectivas potenciais de desenvolvimento futuro. Com base nos elementos trazidos à discussão observa-se o crescimento substantivo do campo: do número de investigações, da diversidade e abrangência dos temas abordados, dos grupos de professores/as estudados/as e das experiências de aplicação do conhecimento (programas e intervenções). Apesar desses avanços, as investigações e práticas ainda mantêm a ênfase no indivíduo e na doença, com ausência ou abordagem limitada dos fatores do trabalho (processo e gestão do trabalho) no processo saúde/doença. Questões relativas aos diferenciais de gênero (no trabalho e na situação de saúde) também permanecem invisíveis. Observa-se pouca articulação de pesquisadores/as e movimentos docentes (uma característica relevante das primeiras iniciativas no campo). Registra-se ausência de políticas públicas de regulação dos ambientes e gestão do trabalho. Os aspectos trazidos à discussão fornecem uma base de reflexão, de modo a auxiliar na identificação de nós críticos e de cenários analíticos com potencial para avançar nesse campo de investigação e de intervenção.
Inequalities in access to HIV and syphilis tests in prenatal care in Brazil
Authors: Freitas Claudia Helena Soares de Morais , Forte Franklin Delano Soares , Galvão Maria Helena Rodrigues , Coelho Ardigleusa Alves , Roncalli Angelo Giuseppe , Dias Sonia Maria Ferreira
Published: May 2019

This study aims to evaluate the social determinants of access to HIV and VDRL tests during pregnancy in Brazil. The dependent variables were based on prenatal care access: prenatal care appointments, no HIV and syphilis tests. The independent variables at the first level were formal education level, age, race, work and participation in the Family Income program conditional cash transfer program. The city-level variables were the human development index (HDI), Gini index, and indicators related to health services. An exploratory analysis was performed assessing the effect of each level through prevalence ratios (PR) calculation. A multilevel mixed-effect Poisson regression model was constructed for all outcomes to verify the effect of individual level and with both the individual and contextual levels. Regarding prenatal appointments, the main implicated factors were related to individual socioeconomic position (education level and participation in the Family Income Program conditional cash transfer program), however only HDI maintained significance for the city-level context. The city-level variance dropped from 0.049 to 0.042, indicating an important between-city effect. Regarding the outcomes performing tests in prenatal care, the worst conditions such as contextual (HDI > 0.694, p < 0.001; Gini index ≥ 0.521, p < 0.001) and individual (> 8 years of schooling, p < 0.001) showed a risk effect in the final model. Variables related to health services did not show significant effects. They were associated with individual socioeconomic position and a city-level contextual effect. These findings indicate the importance of strengthening HIV and syphilis infection control programs during pregnancy.
ARTIGO - A EDUCAÇÃO COMO PRÁTICA DE LIBERDADE: UMA PERSPECTIVA DECOLONIAL SOBRE A ESCOLA
Authors: LEITE LÚCIA HELENA ALVAREZ , RAMALHO BÁRBARA BRUNA MOREIRA , CARVALHO PAULO FELIPE LOPES DE
Published: May 2019

RESUMO: A escola brasileira carrega a herança de nosso passado colonial, que impôs a cultura e o conhecimento de povos dominantes a identidades que se expressavam de forma distinta e, por isso, não eram reconhecidos como legítimos. Sob essa perspectiva, a atuação da escola muitas vezes resultou na destruição de culturas e saberes; revelando a violência dessa instituição. Em Pedagogia do Oprimido, Paulo Freire denuncia tal realidade e propõe, como forma de ruptura, uma Educação para a Liberdade. Em 1989, Aníbal Quijano cria o termo ‘colonialidade’, para denunciar que a dominação presente nos sistemas coloniais perdura mesmo com o fim das colônias. Para ele, os padrões de poder, de saber e de ser são impostos pela lógica europeia, capitalista, ‘nortecentrada’. Como Freire, Quijano propõe o rompimento com esta colonialidade, apontando para uma perspectiva decolonial, que se encontra com a educação como prática da liberdade, revelando que outra educação é possível.
ARTIGO - PAULO FREIRE: OUTRO PARADIGMA PEDAGÓGICO?
Authors: ARROYO MIGUEL G.
Published: May 2019

RESUMO: O texto lembra os 50 anos da publicação da Pedagogia do Oprimido de Paulo Freire. Que interrogações chegam hoje dos oprimidos para o pensamento pedagógico? A Pedagogia do Oprimido revela que estes são novos tempos de opressão. As opressões aumentam, com requintes políticos. Os oprimidos repõem outro paradigma de formação humana, outro paradigma de humano-inumano, de desumanização-humanização. O aumento da pobreza extrema e do desemprego faz crescer o número de oprimidos desumanizados. Os oprimidos se sabem roubados em sua humanidade e se sabem ameaçados da violência do Estado. Há violência do Estado e de seus órgãos de justiça e segurança contra jovens e adolescentes exterminados nas periferias urbanas, violências contra militantes em lutas por direitos. Mas os oprimidos, em seus movimentos sociais, resistem, afirmam-se humanos e apontam para outro paradigma pedagógico.
PALAVRA ABIERTA - EDUCACIÓN POPULAR, CONTEXTO LATINOAMERICANO Y EL LEGADO DE PAULO FREIRE
Authors: JARA OSCAR
Published: May 2019

RESUMEN: Se presentan cinco características que están marcando el contexto latinoamericano el día de hoy y ante ellas, se plantean seis desafíos para una educación popular transformadora inspirada en el pensamiento de Paulo Freire.
PALAVRA ABERTA - O LEGADO DA OBRA DE PAULO FREIRE PARA A EDUCAÇÃO GLOBAL CONTRA-HEGEMÔNICA
Authors: FREIRE NITA
Published: May 2019

RESUMO: A autora explicita tomar para si, neste texto, o conceito de hegemonia sob a perspectiva de Antônio Gramsci. Ela discorre sobre educação hegemônica e educação contra-hegemônica e aponta a substantiva diferença entre uma e outra que são compreensões antagônicas. A autora assevera que Paulo Freire, na sua pedagogia ou compreensão de educação ético-estético-antropológico-política, concebeu uma educação contra-hegemônica e conclui que a obra pedagógica de Paulo Freire canaliza seus princípios, conceitos, relações, prática e práxis na direção de uma educação contra-hegemônica desde a sua origem. A obra é radicalmente contra os interesses dominantes, e em qualquer das esferas da vida social, a favor das camadas subalternas, dominadas.
ARTIGO - EDUCAÇÃO POPULAR EM DIREITOS HUMANOS NO PROCESSO DE ALFABETIZAÇÃO DE JOVENS, ADULTOS E IDOSOS: UMA EXPERIÊNCIA DO PROJETO MOVA-BRASIL
Authors: PINI FRANCISCA RODRIGUES
Published: May 2019

RESUMO: A adoção da teoria do conhecimento, formulada pelo educador Paulo Freire, foi o que orientou o Projeto MOVA-Brasil, em seus doze anos de existência (2003-2015). Concebido pelo Instituto Paulo Freire (IPF), pela Federação Única dos Petroleiros (FUP) e pela Petrobras, o Projeto MOVA-Brasil contribuiu com a transformação social dos territórios nos quais atuou. O processo metodológico do Movimento de Educação de Jovens e Adultos (MOVA) articulou o letramento e a politização ao exercício de cidadania como contribuição à incidência política nos espaços de participação popular. A práxis da Educação Popular em Direitos Humanos permitiu aos diversos segmentos sociais, entre os quais, sistema prisional, comunidades tradicionais, populações indígenas, quilombolas, ciganas, pessoas com deficiência, comunidades de pescadores, ribeirinhos, população do campo e urbana, em conjunto com educadores/as, a construção de processos educativos que dessem visibilidade à baixa oferta de serviços públicos e, ao mesmo tempo, que se inserissem nos espaços públicos, os quais, historicamente, estiveram alijados da participação democrática.
Propriedades Multifractais da Temperatura do Ar Diária no Nordeste do Brasil
Authors: Santos André Luis Santana , Silva Hérica Santos da , Silva José Rodrigo Santos , Stosic Tatijana
Published: May 2019

Resumo A investigação da dinâmica das variáveis climáticas fornece informações importantes sobre a sua variabilidade espaço-temporal. Compreender esses processos é fundamental para o desenvolvimento de modelos climáticos que sirvam de base para a análise de cenários futuros e para a previsão das mudanças climáticas. Neste trabalho, analisaram-se as propriedades multifractais das séries diárias de temperatura do ar no Nordeste do Brasil, registradas no período de 1990 a 2015, em 94 estações meteorológicas distribuídas na região. Aplicou-se o método Multifractal Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (MF-DFA), que foi desenvolvido para quantificar correlações de longo alcance em séries temporais multifractais. Os resultados mostraram que o processo que gera a variabilidade da temperatura do ar segue a dinâmica multifractal, com maior influência do componente sazonal. Observou-se, além disso, uma autocorrelação persistente, com maior persistência na proximidade da Linha do Equador. O grau de multifractalidade indicado pela largura do espectro multifractal varia de acordo com a classificação climática da região. A multifractalidade mais forte foi observada na Zona da Mata e no Agreste. Nesse sentido, os resultados indicam que uma longa memória em séries temporais da temperatura do ar média diária do Nordeste brasileiro deve ser modelada como um processo multifractal e pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de modelos climáticos regionais mais confiáveis.