bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
OCUPAÇÃO VIRTUAL: DA FIAÇÃO DE PROPOSTAS À TRAMA ANTIRRACISTA
Authors: De Mello GRAZIELA FERREIRA , Silva Greice Duarte de Brito , Neves Maria Helena Helena Dantas dos Santos
Published: February 2021

O presente texto apresenta a ocupação virtual desenvolvida por três fiandeiras-pesquisadoras, entre maio e setembro de 2020, na ação “Fiar com o FIARi na quarentena”. Realizada na página do grupo de pesquisa no Facebook, comoalternativa para suscitar o diálogo com professores e interlocutores diversos em tempos de suspensão, durante a crise da COVID-19. Da proposta “Fiar com propostas de educação antirracista”, destaca-se o papel da curadoria educativa e das narrativas (auto) biográficas como possibilidade de formação e ampliação de repertórios. Na direção de pedagogias vitais, a curadoria de conteúdo e forma inspirou outras estratégias interativas, ajudando a ressignificar afetos individuais e coletivos, tão importantes no caminho de engajamento contra o racismo.iInscrito no diretório do CNPq como FIAR - Círculo de Estudo e Pesquisa Formação de professores, Infância e Arte. http://fiar.sites.uff.br/
EXPERIÊNCIAS ESTÉTICAS NA EDUCAÇÃO INFANTIL A PARTIR DE PRÁTICAS PEDAGÓGICAS DESENHADAS PELA ARTE – A CAMINHADA DESTA PESQUISA
Authors: Da Silva Andréia Haudt , Polidori Zamperetti Maristani
Published: February 2021

Resumo: Este artigo trata das contribuições da pesquisa: Experiências estéticas na educação infantil – práticas pedagógicas desenhadas pela arte. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida em uma escola de educação infantil da rede municipal de Pelotas, no Rio Grande do Sul, a partir da problemática: Que espaços e tempos são promovidos pelos professores de Educação Infantil para favorecer a ocorrência de experiências estéticas no cotidiano das crianças? Foi possível perceber que para a promoção de tempos e espaços que possibilitem experiências estéticas faz-se necessário educar o olhar e a escuta docente. Este é um trabalho que começa desde a formação do professor de educação infantil e ocorre também no exercício de sua prática. Palavras-chave: Arte; Educação Infantil; Experiências Estéticas; Formação Docente.
Educação Infantil em tempos de Pandemia: quando uma máquina do tempo aproxima as distâncias
Authors: Cerqueira Maria Marta De Andrade , Nogueira da Gama Cláudia Vasconcellos , Zampier Patrícia Da Paz
Published: February 2021

Este artigo narra experiências vividas com crianças da Educação Infantil, de uma escola da rede privada do Rio de Janeiro, durante o período de afastamento social provocado pela covid-19. Baseamo-nos no conceito das múltiplas linguagens, de Malaguzzi (1999); na pedagogia de Freinet (1973), pautada na cooperação, na comunicação e na afetividade; e na concepção de sujeito histórico-social de Vygotsky (1984) para elaborar propostas significativas que propiciam a manutenção dos vínculos afetivos nesse período. Com essa observação participante, concluímos que os encontros virtuais com crianças pequenas estão longe de ser o ideal, mas foi através deles que conseguimos valorizar as vozes das crianças, o imaginário criativo e o brincar como ferramentas de mediação de aprendizagem.
Teaching and Learning Bucket Model: Experimented with Mechanics Baseline Test
Authors: Ndihokubwayo Kizito , Nyirahabimana Pascasie , Musengimana Théophile
Published: February 2021

Mechanics, as a large part of physics, shows the most basic concepts we encounter in our daily lives. With this regard, we implemented the mechanics baseline test (MBT) to the University of Rwanda - College of Education before and after the teaching mechanics module to track students learning. About 38 students participated in this study. We found the instructional strategies used to fit in a model we named "teaching and learning bucket" (lecturer backing and learners owning learning) during data analysis. The results showed that the performance occurred only in 12 out of 26 MBT items at a p<.001, and Cohen's D effect size of 1.26. Such analysis also allowed us to identify areas of mechanics that need teaching improvement, such as (a) constant acceleration, (b) average velocity, (c) the first law of Newton, (d) work and energy, and (e) energy conservation. There was also a positive correlation (r=0.58) between students' confidence in answering questions and correct answers provided and vice versa. Therefore, the research significantly informs lecturers to use various teaching approaches to effectively employ the teaching and learning bucket (TLB) model.
The W-weighted Drazin-star matrix and its dual
Authors: Zhou Mengmeng , Chen Jianlong , Thome Néstor
Published: February 2021

After decades studying extensively two generalized inverses, namely Moore--Penrose inverse and Drazin inverse, currently, we found immersed in a new generation of generalized inverses (core inverse, DMP inverse, etc.). The main aim of this paper is to introduce and investigate a matrix related to these new generalized inverses defined for rectangular matrices. We apply our results to the solution of linear systems.
J. R. R. TOLKIEN Y LA TRADUCCIÓN: «THE NOMENCLATURE OF THE LORD OF THE RINGS» Y SU APROXIMACIÓN A LA REFLEXIÓN TRADUCTOLÓGICA CONTEMPORÁNEA
Authors: MORENO PAZ MARÍA DEL CARMEN
Published: February 2021

Tras el éxito de The Lord of the Rings (1954-1955), las primeras traducciones de la obra de Tolkien empezaron a propagarse por todo el mundo. Sin embargo, Tolkien, filólogo y traductor de obras del inglés antiguo e inglés medio, se vio en la necesidad de indicar cómo traducir los nombres ficcionales presentes en su obra, integrados en una complicada red genealógica de lenguas tanto reales como ficcionales. De estas notas sobre la traducción («The Nomenclature of The Lord of the Rings»), además de desprenderse indicaciones filológicas para la traducción de su obra, se puede analizar asimismo la postura de Tolkien sobre la traducción, que puede a su vez relacionarse con la reflexión traductológica actual sobre los diferentes métodos de traducir. En efecto, se observa que la postura de Tolkien pasa de ser en un principio marcadamente «extranjerizante» o «hacia el autor» (siguiendo la terminología de Venuti y Schleiermacher) para finalmente defender un método más «naturalizante» o «hacia el receptor». Sin embargo, conviene tener en cuenta la importancia de la función y el contexto de producción, por lo que es preciso actualizar la postura de Tolkien sobre la traducción en relación con teorías descriptivas que negocian el valor de la equivalencia.
Dilemas éticos y toma de decisiones en el diagnóstico prenatal de trisomía 21
Authors: Biurrun-Garrido Ainoa
Published: February 2021

Objetivo. Reflexionar sobre los aspectos clínicos, éticos y legales en un caso de diagnóstico prenatal de Trisomía 21 mediante detección de ADN fetal en sangre materna. Material y método. Se presenta un análisis ético, según el modelo deliberativo de toma de decisiones de Diego Gracia, de un caso clínico de una gestante de 16,1 semanas de embarazo a la que, mediante la prueba de ADN fetal en sangre materna, y tras confirmación por amniocentesis, se le diagnostica trisomía 21. Resultados (Discusión). Cursos extremos de acción del caso presentado; realización de interrupción legal de embarazo versus seguir con la gestación. Aplicación de reflexiones apelando a los aspectos éticos y a la legislación vigente en el contexto español. Conclusiones. La implementación de pruebas como la determinación de ADN fetal en sangre materna puede hacer que nazcan menos niños con cromosomopatías, pero también aumentar el número de abortos de embriones-fetos que habrían dado lugar a personas vivas y pueden aumentar la percepción de vulnerabilidad de la mujer y su pareja durante la gestación. Para la mujer, la opción de interrupción de la gestación supone una situación de vulnerabilidad tanto física (por el riesgo corporal) como emocional (desequilibrio a nivel psicológico del diagnóstico), mientras que la pareja también se enfrenta a una vulnerabilidad emocional. Los profesionales implicados en el control y seguimiento gestacional han de ser conscientes de los problemas éticos que plantea el diagnóstico prenatal y deben afrontar cómo dar la información, cómo resolver dudas y de qué forma pueden influir sus creencias en la toma de decisiones.
Androginia y maternidad: una aproximación al encuentro de los masculino y lo femenino en el arte del siglo XX y XXI
Authors: León-Río Belén
Published: February 2021

En nuestra sociedad, la diferencia entre hombres y mujeres se ha traducido ideológicamente en un lenguaje dual y contrapuesto en vez de buscar un término medio que una las oposiciones. El arte, sin embargo, ha encontrado dicho término medio a través de sus expresiones artísticas llenas de símbolos unitivos y totalizadores. Entre estos símbolos, destaca la androginia relacionada con el poder de lo femenino y el matriarcado, frente a un patriarcado trasnochado y enquistado en el pensamiento racional y lineal que tanto ha influido en nuestro modelo social. En este artículo, veremos cuáles son estos arquetipos, demostrando que habría una homogeneidad de la psique humana que produciría una abundante simbología relacionada con la maternidad y la bisexualidad, y que se produciría en distintos periodos de la historia como demuestran los temas míticos y legendarios, reflejándose en una heterogeneidad igualmente grande de la psique consciente de las mujeres artistas contemporáneas.
Iterative wavefront reconstruction for strong turbulence using Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor measurements
Authors: Kim Jae Jun , Fernandez Bautista , Agrawal Brij
Published: February 2021

An iterative wavefront reconstruction method using Shack–Hartmann wavefront sensor (SHWFS) measurements is presented in this paper. A new cost function for the wavefront reconstruction problem is derived and the solution is obtained iteratively using the gradient descent method. The proposed method aims to effectively handle the scintillated SHWFS measurements and to provide simpler and accurate ways to achieve branch-point-tolerant wavefront reconstruction suitable for adaptive optics compensation of strong turbulence. Simulated iterative wavefront reconstruction results show the effectiveness of the proposed method. A laboratory optical testbed is also presented to show the experimental implementation of the proposed method.
Involvement of GLUT1 and GLUT3 in the growth of canine melanoma cells
Authors: Suwabe Yoko , Nakano Rei , Namba Shinichi , Yachiku Naoya , Kuji Manami , Sugimura Mana , Kitanaka Nanako , Kitanaka Taku , Konno Tadayoshi , Sugiya Hiroshi , Nakayama Tomohiro
Published: February 2021

The rate of glucose uptake dramatically increases in cancer cells even in the presence of oxygen and fully functioning mitochondria. Cancer cells produce ATP by glycolysis rather than oxidative phosphorylation under aerobic conditions, a process termed as the “Warburg effect.” In the present study, we treated canine melanoma cells with the glucose analog 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) and investigated its effect on cell growth. 2-DG attenuated cell growth in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Cell growth was also inhibited following treatment with the glucose transporter (GLUT) inhibitor WZB-117. The treatment of 2-DG and WZB-117 attenuated the glucose consumption, lactate secretion and glucose uptake of the cells. The mRNA expression of the subtypes of GLUT was examined and GLUT1 and GLUT3 were found to be expressed in melanoma cells. The growth, glucose consumption and lactate secretion of melanoma cells transfected with siRNAs of specific for GLUT1 and GLUT3 was suppressed. These findings suggest that glucose uptake via GLUT1 and GLUT3 plays a crucial role for the growth of canine melanoma cells.
Location, location, location: Feeding site affects aphid performance by altering access and quality of nutrients
Authors: Nalam Vamsi J. , Han Jinlong , Pitt William Jacob , Acharya Shailesh Raj , Nachappa Punya
Published: February 2021

Aphid feeding behavior and performance on a given host plant are influenced by the plants’ physical and chemical traits, including structural characters such as trichomes and nutritional composition. In this study, we determined the feeding behavior and performance of soybean aphids (Aphis glycines) on the stem, the adaxial (upper), and the abaxial (lower) leaf surfaces during early vegetative growth of soybean plants. Using the electrical penetration graph technique, we found that aphids feeding on the stem took the longest time to begin probing. Once aphids began probing, the sieve elements were more conducive to feeding, as evidenced by less salivation on the stem than either leaf surface. In whole-plant assays, stems harbored higher aphid populations, and aphids had shorter development time on stems than the adaxial and the abaxial leaf surfaces. We compared trichome density and length on the stem, the adaxial, and the abaxial leaf surfaces to investigate whether plant trichomes affected aphid feeding and performance. There were higher density and longer trichomes on stems, which likely resulted in aphids taking a longer time to probe. Still a negative impact on aphid population growth was not observed. Analysis of phloem sap composition revealed that vascular sap-enriched exudates from stems had higher sugars and amino acids than exudates from leaves. In artificial diet feeding assays, the population of aphids reared on a diet supplemented with stem exudates was higher than on a diet supplemented with leaf petiole exudates which is in agreement with results of the whole-plant assays. In summary, our findings suggest that the performance of soybean aphids on a specific plant location is primarily driven by accessibility and the quality of phloem composition rather than structural traits.
Frequency of five Escherichia Coli pathotypes in Iranian adults and children with acute diarrhea
Authors: Eybpoosh Sana , Mostaan Saeid , Gouya Mohammad Mehdi , Masoumi-Asl Hossein , Owlia Parviz , Eshrati Babak , Montazer Razavi Khorasan Mohammad Reza , Bouzari Saeid
Published: February 2021

Background

Knowledge about the distribution ofEscherichia Coli(E.coli) pathotypes in Iran is limited. This nation-wide survey aims to provide a comprehensive description of the distribution of five pathogenicE.coliin Iran.

Methods

Stool samples were collected from 1,306 acute diarrhea cases from 15 provinces (2013–2014).E.coli-positive cultures underwent PCR testing for the detection of STEC, ETEC, EPEC, EAEC, and EIEC pathotypes. Pathotype frequency by province, age-group, and season was estimated.

Results

979 diarrhea samples (75.0%) were culture-positive forE.coli(95% CI: 72.6, 77.3%), and 659 (50.5%) were pathogenicE.coli(95% CI: 47.8, 53.2%). STEC was the most frequent pathotype (35.4%). ETEC (14.0%) and EPEC (13.1%) were the second and the third most frequent pathotypes, respectively. EAEC (4.3%) and EIEC (0.3%) were not highly prevalent. Fars (88.7%) and Khorasan-e-Razavi (34.8%) provinces had the highest and lowest frequencies, respectively.E.colipathotypes were more frequent in warmer than cooler seasons, showed the highest frequency among children under five years of age (73%), and had no significant association with participants’ gender.

Conclusions

DiarrheagenicE.colimay be an important cause of acute diarrhea in adults and children in Iran. STEC and ETEC seem to be widespread in the country with a peak in warmer seasons, impacting the recommended use of seasonal STEC and ETEC vaccines, especially in high-risk groups. Monitoring the incidence ofE.colipathotypes, serotypes, and antibiotic resistance over time is highly recommended for evaluation of interventions.
Variation of vital signs with potential to influence the performance of qSOFA scoring in the Ethiopian general population at different altitudes of residency: A multisite cross-sectional study
Authors: Früh Jonas , Fuchs Andre , Tufa Tafese Beyene , Früh Loraine , Hurissa Zewdu , Orth Hans Martin , Bode Johannes Georg , Eberhardt Kirsten Alexandra , Häussinger Dieter , Feldt Torsten
Published: February 2021

Introduction

The physiological range of different vital signs is dependent on various environmental and individual factors. There is a strong interdependent relationship between vital signs and health conditions. Deviations of the physiological range are commonly used for risk assessment in clinical scores, e.g. respiratory rate (RR) and systolic blood pressure (BPsys) in patients with infections within the quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA) score. A limited number of studies have evaluated the performance of such scores in resource-limited health care settings, showing inconsistent results with mostly poor discriminative power. Divergent standard values of vital parameters in different populations, e.g. could influence the accuracy of various clinical scores.

Methods

This multisite cross-sectional observational study was performed among Ethiopians residing at various altitudes in the cities of Asella (2400m above sea level (a.s.l.)), Adama (1600m a.s.l.), and Semara (400m a.s.l.). Volunteers from the local general population were asked to complete a brief questionnaire and have vital signs measured. Individuals reporting acute or chronic illness were excluded.

Results

A positive qSOFA score (i.e. ≥2), indicating severe illness in patients with infection, was common among the studied population (n = 612). The proportion of participants with a positive qSOFA score was significantly higher in Asella (28.1%; 55/196), compared with Adama, (8.3%; 19/230; p<0.001) and Semara (15.1%; 28/186; p = 0.005). Concerning the parameters comprised in qSOFA, the thresholds for RR (≥22/min) were reached in 60.7%, 34.8%, and 38.2%, and for BPsys (≤100 mmHg) in 48.5%, 27.8%, and 36.0% in participants from Asella, Adama, and Semara, respectively.

Discussion

The high positivity rate of qSOFA score in the studied population without signs of acute infection may be explained by variations of the physiological range of different vital signs, possibly related to the altitude of residence. Adaptation of existing scores using local standard values could be helpful for reliable risk assessment.
Complex evolution in Aphis gossypii group (Hemiptera: Aphididae), evidence of primary host shift and hybridization between sympatric species
Authors: Lee Yerim , Thieme Thomas , Kim Hyojoong
Published: February 2021

Aphids provide a good model system to understand the ecological speciation concept, since the majority of the species are host-specific, and they spend their entire lifecycle on certain groups of host plants. Aphid species that apparently have wide host plant ranges have often turned out to be complexes of host-specialized biotypes. Here we investigated the various host-associated populations of the two recently diverged species,Aphis gossypiiandA.rhamnicola, having multiple primary hosts, to understand the complex evolution with host-associated speciation. Using mitochondrial DNA marker and nine microsatellite loci, we reconstructed the haplotype network, and analyzed the genetic structure and relationships. Approximate Bayesian computation was also used to infer the ancestral primary host and host-associated divergence, which resulted inRhamnusbeing the most ancestral host forA.gossypiiandA.rhamnicola. As a result,Aphis gossypiiandA.rhamnicolado not randomly use their primary and secondary host plants; rather, certain biotypes use only some secondary and specific primary hosts. Some biotypes are possibly in a diverging state through specialization to specific primary hosts. Our results also indicate that a new heteroecious race can commonly be derived from the heteroecious ancestor, showing strong evidence of ecological specialization through a primary host shift in bothA.gossypiiandA.rhamnicola. Interestingly,A.gossypiiandA.rhamnicolasharedCOIhaplotypes with each other, thus there is a possibility of introgression by hybridization between them by cross-sharing same primary hosts. Our results contribute to a new perspective in the study of aphid evolution by identifying complex evolutionary trends in thegossypiisensu lato complex.
Uncovering re-traumatization experiences of torture survivors in somatic health care: A qualitative systematic review
Authors: Schippert Ana Carla S. P. , Grov Ellen Karine , Bjørnnes Ann Kristin
Published: February 2021

Little research has focused on torture survivors’ re-traumatization experiences in health and hospital units that treat somatic diseases, though any medical procedure can re-traumatize survivors. This study’s purpose was to summarize qualitative research evidence on torture survivors’ somatic healthcare experiences and to identify “triggers” or “reminders” that can lead to re-traumatization. The study’s search strategies identified 6,326 citations and eight studies, comprising data from 290 participants, exploring encounters with healthcare providers from torture survivors’ perspectives, which were included in the present research. Dallam’s Healthcare Retraumatization Model was used as a framework for data extraction and analysis. Five main themes were elicited from the findings: (1)invisibility,silence,and mistrust; (2)healthcare providers’ attitudes and a lack of perceived quality in healthcare; (3)disempowerment; (4)avoidance; and (5)satisfaction and gratitude. An analysis of the study’s findings revealed that torture survivors do not receive adequate healthcare and may experience challenges during treatment that can result in re-traumatization. The findings of this literature review provide a basis for understanding the difficulties that survivors experience in receiving somatic healthcare, as well as an explanation of the re-traumatization process.
A new CUSUM control chart under uncertainty with applications in petroleum and meteorology
Authors: Aslam Muhammad , Shafqat Ambreen , Albassam Mohammed , Malela-Majika Jean-Claude , Shongwe Sandile C.
Published: February 2021

In these last few decades, control charts have received a growing interest because of the important role they play by improving the quality of the products and services in industrial and non-industrial environments. Most of the existing control charts are based on the assumption of certainty and accuracy. However, in real-life applications, such as weather forecasting and stock prices, operators are not always certain about the accuracy of an observed data. To efficiently monitor such processes, this paper proposes a new cumulative sum (CUSUM) X¯ chart under the assumption of uncertainty using the neutrosophic statistic (NS). The performance of the new chart is investigated in terms of the neutrosophic run length properties using the Monte Carlo simulations approach. The efficiency of the proposed neutrosophic CUSUM (NCUSUM) X¯ chart is also compared to the one of the classical CUSUM X¯ chart. It is observed that the NCUSUM X¯ chart has very interesting properties compared to the classical CUSUM X¯ chart. The application and implementation of the NCUSUM X¯ chart are provided using simulated, petroleum and meteorological data.
Jaguar movement behavior: using trajectories and association rule mining algorithms to unveil behavioral states and social interactions
Authors: Garcia Fontes Suelane , Gonçalves Morato Ronaldo , Stanzani Silvio Luiz , Pizzigatti Corrêa Pedro Luiz
Published: February 2021

Animal movement data are widely collected with devices such as sensors and collars, increasing the ability of researchers to monitor animal movement and providing information about animal behavioral patterns. Animal behavior is used as a basis for understanding the relationship between animals and the environment and for guiding decision-making by researchers and public agencies about environmental preservation and conservation actions. Animal movement and behavior are widely studied with a focus on identifying behavioral patterns, such as, animal group formation, the distance between animals and their home range. However, we observed a lack of research proposing a unified solution that aggregates resources for analyses of individual animal behavior and of social interactions between animals. The primary scientific contribution of this work is to present a framework that uses trajectory analysis and association rule mining [Jaiswal and Agarwal, 2012] to provide statistical measures of correlation and dependence to determine the relationship level between animals, their social interactions, and their interactions with other environmental factors based on their individual behavior and movement data. We demonstrate the usefulness of the framework by applying it to movement data from jaguars in the Pantanal, Brazil. This allowed us to describe jaguar behavior, social interactions among jaguars and their behavior in different landscapes, thus providing a highly detailed investigation of jaguar movement decisions at the fine scale.
Dietary quality score is positively associated with serum adiponectin level in Indonesian preschool-age children living in the urban area of Jakarta
Authors: Hayuningtyas Anastasia , Dewi Yayang Aditia , Octavia Lestari , Pulungan Aman , Agustina Rina
Published: February 2021

An unhealthy diet during childhood directly impacts the risk of developing noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) later on in life. However, well-documented information on this issue is lacking. We investigated the dietary quality of young Indonesian children and assessed the relationship to serum adiponectin levels as an early marker of NCDs. Eighty-five (44 girls and 41 boys) Indonesian preschool-age children in East Jakarta were included in this study. Dietary intake data were gathered by collecting repeated 24-hour recalls for one weekday and one day during the weekend, which were then further converted into participants’ Healthy Eating Index (HEI) 2015 scores. Meanwhile, an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was performed to determine the serum adiponectin level. A multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the association between the HEI 2015 score and serum adiponectin, adjusting for potential confounders. The mean HEI 2015 score was 33.2 ± 8.3 points, which was far below the recommended score of ≥ 80 points, while the mean serum adiponectin was 10.3 ± 4.1 μg/mL. Multiple linear regression testing showed that a one-point increase in the HEI 2015 score was significantly associated with an increase in the serum adiponectin level by 0.115 μg/mL after adjusting for exclusive breastfeeding history (β = 0.115; 95% CI = 0.010–0.221; p = 0.032). In conclusion, better adherence of young children to a healthy diet has a positive association with their adiponectin level. This result suggests that strengthening children’s dietary quality from an early age by involving all parties in the children’s environment (e.g., parents, teachers at school, policymakers) may help to reduce the risk of NCDs later on in childhood and during adult life.
Shifting entrepreneurial landscape and development performance of water startups in emerging water markets
Authors: Liu Peiyuan , Huang Yuxiong , Hermanowicz Slav W.
Published: February 2021

Emerging technologies have driven the rise of many water-related startups and created new opportunities in water markets. The global water crisis could be mitigated by applying innovative technologies, sound water management decisions, and successful business models, and it is essential to better understand the status and future trends of emerging water markets. This study aims to discover shifts in the entrepreneurial landscape and evaluate water startups' development performance for the sustainable development of emerging water markets. We collected and analyzed data including the founding date, service area, service provided, details of funding raised, revenues, and consumer responses on 132 water startups founded between 2008 and 2018 in California, USA. Our results indicated that municipal area dominated the emerging water startup market compared to agricultural and industrial areas, and that many of the services provided shifted from conventional technologies to digital technologies. Though digital water startups' current revenues were relatively low, digital techniques applied in the water industry exhibited the good potential to promote public health and water saving. The development trends and performance of water startups enlighten the technological and commercial revolutions in the emerging water market, and provide guidelines for the decision-making in relevant stakeholders in the scientific, governmental, and industrial communities.
Tai Chi practitioners have lower fall risks under dual-task conditions during stair descending
Authors: Li Yang , Song Qipeng , Li Li , Sun Wei , Zhang Cui
Published: February 2021

Stairs are among the most hazardous locations, and stair descending contributes to a high risk of falls among the elderly under dual-task (DT) conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the practitioners of Tai Chi (TC), one type of mind-body exercise, have lower fall risks under DT conditions during stair descending, compared with their no-exercise (NE) counterparts. Fifteen TC practitioners with at least 10 years of experience in TC and fifteen NE participants were recruited in this study. They were asked to descend a six-step staircase under single-task (ST) and DT conditions. An eight-camera motion analysis system and two force plates were used for data collection. Results showed group by DT interactions in walking velocity (p = 0.016) and center of mass–center of pressure inclination angle (COM–COP IA) in the anteroposterior directions (p = 0.026). Group effects observed with foot clearance (p = 0.031), trunk (p = 0.041) and head (p = 0.002) tilt angles, and COM–COP IA in the mediolateral (p = 0.006) directions. Significant DT effects only detected in foot clearance (p = 0.004). Although both groups of participants adopted a more cautious gait strategy under the dual-task condition, the TC practitioners were less influenced by the DT paradigm than their NE counterparts. Our observations indicated that TC practitioners have lower fall risks under DT conditions during stair descending.
Hematological and biochemical abnormalities associated with severe forms of COVID-19: A retrospective single-center study from Morocco
Authors: Kantri Aziza , Ziati Jihane , Khalis Mohamed , Haoudar Amal , El Aidaoui Karim , Daoudi Youssef , Chikhaoui Inas , El Yamani Khalid , Mouhaoui Mohammed , El Bakkouri Jalila , Dini Nezha , Mahi Mohammed , Naitlho Abdelhamid , Bahlaoui Abdelkrim , Bennana Ahmed , Noussair Mustapha , Belyamani Lahcen , El Kettani Chafik
Published: February 2021

Since December 2019, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has catapulted the world into a marked health crisis, with over 29 million cases and >930,000 deaths. To better detect affected individuals at an early stage and stop disease progression to an advanced stage, several studies have been conducted to identify the clinical, biological, and radiological characteristics of COVID-19. This study aimed to enrich the literature by critically analyzing the clinical and biological characteristics of 134 patients from the North African Mediterranean region, including numerous genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors that may influence disease evolution. This single-center retrospective study included all patients older than 18 years confirmed to have COVID-19 and hospitalized at the Cheikh Khalifa University Hospital affiliated with Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco. Clinical, demographic, and biological data were analyzed in a cohort of severe and non-severe patients. Univariate analysis was performed to identify factors predictive of severity. There were 134 patients: the median age was 53 years, and 54.5% were male. Of these, 89 had mild to moderate disease; 45 had severe to critical disease, of which 14 died and 31 survived. Advanced age, presence of comorbidities, male sex, and infection in ethnic or family groups were risk factors for progression to severe disease. The presence of abnormalities in the following parameters were strongly associated with progression to severe disease: white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils, lymphocytes, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin, D-dimers, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), ferritin, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), and alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) during both admission and hospitalization. Based on these results and an extensive literature review, we recommend that clinicians closely monitor the biological parameters identified herein and perform immunological and genetic studies.
Development of a method for measuring spleen stiffness by transient elastography using a new device and ultrasound-fusion method
Authors: Tanaka Takaaki , Hirooka Masashi , Koizumi Yohei , Watanabe Takao , Yoshida Osamu , Tokumoto Yoshio , Nakamura Yoshiko , Sunago Koutarou , Yukimoto Atsushi , Abe Masanori , Hiasa Yoichi
Published: February 2021

Background

Hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) is the gold standard index for evaluating portal hypertension; however, measuring HVPG is invasive. Although transient elastography (TE) is the most common procedure for evaluating organ stiffness, accurate measurement of spleen stiffness (SS) is difficult. We developed a device to demonstrate the diagnostic precision of TE and suggest this technique as a valuable new method to measure SS.

Methods

Of 292 consecutive patients enrolled in this single-centre, translational, cross-sectional study from June through September in 2019, 200 underwent SS measurement (SSM) using an M probe (training set, n = 130; inspection set, n = 70). We performed TE with B-mode imaging using an ultrasound-fusion method, printed new devices with a three-dimensional printer, and attached the magnetic position sensor to the convex and M probes. We evaluated the diagnostic precision of TE to evaluate the risk of esophagogastric varices (EGVs).

Results

The median spleen volume was 245 mL (range, 64–1,720 mL), and it took 2 minutes to acquire a B-mode image using the ultrasound-fusion method. The median success rates of TE were 83.3% and 57.6% in patients with and without the new device, respectively (p<0.001); it was 76.9% and 35.0% in patients with and without splenomegaly (<100 mL), respectively (p<0.001). In the prediction of EGVs, the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.921 and 0.858 in patients with and without the new device, respectively (p = 0.043). When the new device was attached, the positive and negative likelihood ratios were 3.44 and 0.11, respectively. The cut-off value of SSM was 46.0 kPa. Data that were similar between the validation and training sets were obtained.

Conclusions

The SS can be precisely measured using this new device with TE and ultrasound-fusion method. Similarly, we can estimate the bleeding risk due to EGV using this method.
Self-care as a mediator between symptom-management self-efficacy and quality of life in women with breast cancer
Authors: Chin Chia-Hui , Tseng Ling-Ming , Chao Ta-Chung , Wang Tsae-Jyy , Wu Shu-Fang , Liang Shu-Yuan
Published: February 2021

Background

The important role of self-efficacy in facilitating health behavior and, in turn, promoting health outcomes has been widely presumed in the theoretical literature. However, little research has focused on the mechanism by which self-care mediates the relationship between symptom-management self-efficacy and quality of life (QOL) in breast cancer patients.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between symptom-management self-efficacy and quality of life in Taiwanese oncology outpatients with breast cancer and then proposes self-care as a mediator between these two factors.

Methods

This cross-sectional study enrolled 201 oncology outpatients at one teaching hospital in metropolitan Taipei City, Taiwan. The research instruments included the Symptom-Management Self-Efficacy Scale—Cancer (SMSES-Breast Ca.), the Self-Care Scale, and the European Organization for Research & Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Group Questionnaire (EORTC-QLQ-C30).

Results

Symptom-management self-efficacy (SMSE) was directly associated with the QOL of the participants (β = 5.94, p < .001). Moreover, SMSE was indirectly associated with QOL through self-care. Self-care was found to mediate the relationship between symptom-management self-efficacy and global QOL (indirect effect = 0.54, 95% CI 0.12 to 1.18). The level of 95% CI was significant.

Conclusions

The present study supports that self-efficacy beliefs and self-care both significantly and positively influence the quality of life of patients.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies of long term outdoor nitrogen dioxide exposure and mortality
Authors: Stieb David M. , Berjawi Rania , Emode Monica , Zheng Carine , Salama Dina , Hocking Robyn , Lyrette Ninon , Matz Carlyn , Lavigne Eric , Shin Hwashin H.
Published: February 2021

Objective

To determine whether long term exposure to outdoor nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is associated with all-cause or cause-specific mortality.

Methods

MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, Global Health and Toxline databases were searched using terms developed by a librarian. Screening, data extraction and risk of bias assessment were completed independently by two reviewers. Conflicts were resolved through consensus and/or involvement of a third reviewer. Pooling of results across studies was conducted using random effects models, heterogeneity among included studies was assessed using Cochran’s Q and I2 measures, and sources of heterogeneity were evaluated using meta-regression. Sensitivity of pooled estimates to individual studies was examined and publication bias was evaluated using Funnel plots, Begg’s and Egger’s tests, and trim and fill.

Results

Seventy-nine studies based on 47 cohorts, plus one set of pooled analyses of multiple European cohorts, met inclusion criteria. There was a consistently high degree of heterogeneity. After excluding studies with probably high or high risk of bias in the confounding domain (n = 12), pooled hazard ratios (HR) indicated that long term exposure to NO2 was significantly associated with mortality from all/ natural causes (pooled HR 1.047, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.023–1.072 per 10 ppb), cardiovascular disease (pooled HR 1.058, 95%CI 1.026–1.091), lung cancer (pooled HR 1.083, 95%CI 1.041–1.126), respiratory disease (pooled HR 1.062, 95%CI1.035–1.089), and ischemic heart disease (pooled HR 1.111, 95%CI 1.079–1.144). Pooled estimates based on multi-pollutant models were consistently smaller than those from single pollutant models and mostly non-significant.

Conclusions

For all causes of death other than cerebrovascular disease, the overall quality of the evidence is moderate, and the strength of evidence is limited, while for cerebrovascular disease, overall quality is low and strength of evidence is inadequate. Important uncertainties remain, including potential confounding by co-pollutants or other concomitant exposures, and limited supporting mechanistic evidence. (PROSPERO registration number CRD42018084497)
Establishment of the TALE-code reveals aberrantly activated homeobox gene PBX1 in Hodgkin lymphoma
Authors: Nagel Stefan , Pommerenke Claudia , Meyer Corinna , MacLeod Roderick A. F. , Drexler Hans G.
Published: February 2021

Homeobox genes encode transcription factors which regulate basic processes in development and cell differentiation and are grouped into classes and subclasses according to sequence similarities. Here, we analyzed the activities of the 20 members strong TALE homeobox gene class in early hematopoiesis and in lymphopoiesis including developing and mature B-cells, T-cells, natural killer (NK)-cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILC). The resultant expression pattern comprised eleven genes and which we termed TALE-code enables discrimination of normal and aberrant activities of TALE homeobox genes in lymphoid malignancies. Subsequent expression analysis of TALE homeobox genes in public datasets of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) patients revealed overexpression of IRX3, IRX4, MEIS1, MEIS3, PBX1, PBX4 and TGIF1. As paradigm we focused on PBX1 which was deregulated in about 17% HL patients. Normal PBX1 expression was restricted to hematopoietic stem cells and progenitors of T-cells and ILCs but absent in B-cells, reflecting its roles in stemness and early differentiation. HL cell line SUP-HD1 expressed enhanced PBX1 levels and served as an in vitro model to identify upstream regulators and downstream targets in this malignancy. Genomic studies of this cell line therein showed a gain of the PBX1 locus at 1q23 which may underlie its aberrant expression. Comparative expression profiling analyses of HL patients and cell lines followed by knockdown experiments revealed NFIB and TLX2 as target genes activated by PBX1. HOX proteins operate as cofactors of PBX1. Accordingly, our data showed that HOXB9 overexpressed in HL coactivated TLX2 but not NFIB while activating TNFRSF9 without PBX1. Further downstream analyses showed that TLX2 activated TBX15 which operated anti-apoptotically. Taken together, we discovered a lymphoid TALE-code and identified an aberrant network around deregulated TALE homeobox gene PBX1 which may disturb B-cell differentiation in HL by reactivation of progenitor-specific genes. These findings may provide the framework for future studies to exploit possible vulnerabilities of malignant cells in therapeutic scenarios.
Jean de Rouen architect. The dome as reason and science in devotional construction
Authors: Craveiro Maria de Lurdes
Published: February 2021

A cobertura do espaço devocional com a opção da cúpula constitui uma estratégia do desenho arquitetónico que se afirma em Coimbra e em Portugal com a chegada de Jean de Rouen. Tema oriundo da cultura clássica e sempre conotado com a centralização dos planos, caberia a Jean de Rouen introduzi-lo na plasticidade retabular que organiza o mundo devocional na igreja cristã do século XVI. Mas, ao mesmo tempo que a dimensão cósmica aí instalada capta a natureza científica do discurso, ultrapassa também a fronteira “bidimensional” do retábulo. Rapidamente, a solução da cúpula passaria a integrar um conjunto harmónico entre o espaço criado e as formas e entre os elementos de arquitetura e o ornamento e a decoração. Com particular incidência na região centro de Portugal e na área de atuação de Jean de Rouen, as novas capelas erguidas passariam frequentemente a adotar um sistema de cobertura a partir do qual se reconhece a marca do artista francês. Identificase também um carácter erudito e apoiado na sua presumível formação na Normandia e em todos os contributos fornecidos pela Itália do Renascimento e pela tratadística. Mais do que um mero escultor de figura avulsa ou retabular, Jean de Rouen está talvez mais preocupado com a definição do espaço e com as questões relacionadas com a proporção e o equilíbrio no usufruto do espaço.
From sculpture to architecture: Jean de Rouen at the Monastery of Santa Cruz of Coimbra (ca 1528-1535)
Authors: Lobo Rui
Published: February 2021

À sua chegada a Coimbra, por volta de 1528, João de Ruão começou imediatamente a trabalhar para o Mosteiro de Santa Cruz, dos Cónegos Regrantes de Santo Agostinho. A casa passava então por uma reforma espiritual e física ordenada por D. João III, a cargo do jerónimo Frei Brás de Braga. João de Ruão, escultor ou “imaginário”, foi contratado para realizar algumas peças arquitetónicas ornamentais, como arcos e portas, onde aplicou a nova linguagem do Renascimento – como, por exemplo, no arco do coro alto da igreja, enquadrado por uma composição clássica de pilastras e entablamento e por um par de tondi. Simultaneamente, também se tornou responsável por algumas estruturas arquitetónicas contentoras de espaço, casos da pequena capela na ala norte do claustro do Silêncio ou da fonte-tempietto do claustro da Manga. Neste artigo pretendemos analisar a obra de João de Ruão no Mosteiro de Santa Cruz, durante a primeira fase da sua carreira portuguesa, e o âmbito crescente da sua atividade artística, desde a escala da escultura à da arquitetura.
From pleasure to disgust. The grotesque in the oeuvre of João de Ruão
Authors: Antunes Joana
Published: February 2021

Operando no quadro teórico da investigação sobre o grotesco, o monstruoso, a marginalidade e a transgressão, nas margens físicas e epistemológicas da arte, este artigo pretende abordar a relação entre a produção escultórica de João de Ruão e o grotesco. A partir dos diversos desafios e estímulos lançados pelo longo século XVI ao aparato conceptual e visual de um artista tão industrioso e qualificado como João de Ruão, torna-se necessário questionar em que circunstâncias e com que recursos se terá apropriado do grotesco enquanto categoria expressiva e plástica. Para isso, é essencial iniciar o questionamento da natureza, contexto e função da expressão de qualidades como a bizarria, o hibridismo, a fealdade e a monstruosidade, a partir de figuras parergónicas como gárgulas e mascarões, mas também “infiéis”, carrascos e até o próprio demónio, adversários últimos da Cristandade. A partir de quatro estudos de caso, que tentaremos contextualizar e compreender num quadro comparativo, ensaiar-se-á um primeiro olhar a estas imagens menos visíveis, na expectativa de contribuir para adensar o nosso conhecimento sobre o papel de João de Ruão enquanto artista do Renascimento Europeu.
Foglalkoztatáspolitika – oktatáspolitika – technológiapolitika Employment policy – Education policy – Technology policy
Authors: Sugár András , Trautmann László
Published: February 2021

A tanulmány átfogó képet ad a hazai felsőoktatás meghatározó tendenciáiról szakmánként. Azt mutatja be, hogy a jelentkezők számát tekintve hogyan megy végbe az alkalmazkodás a tudásalapú gazdaság követelményeihez. Az adatok azt mutatják, hogy a korábban alacsonyabb presztízsűnek tekintett szakmák esetében gyors felzárkózás indult el, míg a 90-es és a 2000-es évek első évtizedének divatos szakmái esetében létszámcsökkenés tapasztalható.
Szakképzés 4.0 – új lehetőségek a szakképzésben Vet 4.0 – New opportunities in vocational education and training
Authors: Pusztai Zsuzsanna
Published: February 2021

A kormány 2019 márciusában elfogadta a „SZAKKÉPZÉS 4.0 – A szakképzés és felnőtt-képzés megújításának középtávú szakmapolitikai stratégiája, a szakképzési rendszer válasza a negyedik ipari forradalom kihívásaira” elnevezésű stratégiát. A három pillérre – vonzó oktatási környezet, karrierlehetőség és naprakész tudású oktatók – épülő stratégia víziójaként került meghatározásra, hogy a szakképzés minden munkaképes korú magyar állampolgár számára biztosítson legalább egy, a gazdaság igényein alapuló, a munkaerő-piacon elhelyezkedést biztosító, modern szaktudást nyújtó szakmát, illetve szakképesítést. A stratégia ennek elérésére tíz kiemelt fejlesztési területen negyven beavatkozást nevesített, amelyek gyakorlatba való átültetése folyamatosan zajlik. Az alábbiakban ennek áttekintésére kerül sor, kiemelt figyelemmel a gazdaság szakmai igényeinek a szakképzésbe való becsatornázására, valamint a szakképzés és a felsőoktatás kapcsolódási pontjaira.
A finn oktatási rendszer tanulságai Edification from the finnish education system
Authors: Baranyi Dániel , Nagy Katalin
Published: February 2021

A finn oktatási rendszer az elmúlt évtizedekben nemzetközi szinten vált ismertté és sokak szemében modellértékűvé. Az iránta való érdeklődés beilleszkedik abba a trendbe, ami az északi modell vagy skandináv jóléti államok kifejezésekkel körülírt észak-európai államok felé irányuló figyelem fokozódásával jár. Az amerikai elnökválasztás, a brit választások és a kelet-közép-európai gazdaságpolitikai útkeresés megkerülhetetlen fogalma napjainkban az északi modell és az annak tartalmáról, adaptálhatóságáról szóló viták. Finnország ezen az országcsoporton belül is speciális szereplő - több szempontból is. Nagyon rövid idő alatt sikerült felzárkóznia a világ legfejlettebb/leggazdagabb államai közé. Leginkább a magas hozzáadott értéket képviselő high-tech ipar gyors fejlődését tartják a fantasztikus eredmények kulcsának. Ebben a cikkben az a célunk, hogy megvizsgáljuk és hazai néző-pontból kiindulva nézzünk a finn modellre, amelyben a különbségek ellenére felfedezhetők párhuzamosságok is hazánkkal, és amelynek egyik legfontosabb pillére a high-tech iparhoz szükséges tudást létrehozó és innovatív polgárokat nevelő oktatási rendszer.