bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Antioxidant and Antitumor Potential of Some Benzoxazines Against MCF‐7 Cell Lines Using InVitro and InSilico Approaches
Authors: Mouada Hanane , Hachama Kamel , Zafar Imran , Stiti Mohamed Zakaria , Babar Samra , Khodja Mohamed
Published: August 2024

Cancer remains a severe global health problem, with its incidence constantly increasing.. Among many varieties of cancer, breast cancer persists as a prevalent global health concern, with its occurrence continually ascending. Among women, breast cancer is a significant cause of illness and death globally. This study examined the antioxidant and anticancer effects of two resynthesized benzoxazine derivatives, OBOP‐01 and OBOP‐02, on human breast cancer cells. The chemicals investigated had intense antioxidant action against DPPH, H2O2, and ABTS free radicals. Furthermore, we evaluated cell viability by converting yellow MTT (3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) into purple formazan, dependent on mitochondrial function. Both compounds had IC50 values of 1.52±0.02 mM and 1.72±0.02 mM respectively. Moreover, toxicity predictions using the ProTox‐III webserver showed that the benzoxazines studied have lower LD50 values compared to doxorubicin, suggesting greater safety. We also used Density Functional Theory (DFT) to analyze OBOP‐01 and OBOP‐02′s electrical interactions and properties. Gaining insight into these interactions is essential for understanding the compounds′ potential applications and properties. According to theoretical studies using molecular docking, the derivatives may interact with estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) (ID: 7NDO), a key target molecule in the development of breast cancer. Additionally, the complex OBOP‐01 – ERα′s molecular dynamics simulations were conducted for 100 nanoseconds. These simulations revealed essential details regarding the complex's dynamic behavior in a physiological system.
Iterative Mathematical Models Based on Curves and Applications to Coastal Profiles
Authors: Caldarola Fabio , Carini Manuela , Maiolo Mario , Papaleo Maria Anastasia
Published: August 2024

The objective of this study is iterative systems based on general types of curves, not only on circumference arcs. We begin by presenting some implementations and generalizations of constructions based on arcs of circumference. Then we consider constructions based on general curves and give a “universal property” relating to the primary construction that exploits arcs of circumference. With the prospect of applying these theoretical models also to coastal geomorphology in the future, and inspired by one of the best-known models on the subject, the logarithmic spiral one for the so-called headland-bay beaches (HBBs), we study geometrically some cases in which the constructions are based on arcs of the golden spiral. Simultaneously we concretely illustrate and explain the universal property above. Finally we dedicate a section to discuss the possibility of how to numerically evaluate and compare the (infinite) lengths originating from our theoretical geometric constructions. Some explicit examples, calculations and comparisons will be provided by the use of infinity computing which is one of the various possible assets that contemporary non-standard mathematics makes available.
What are the functional outcomes and service experiences of patients with head and neck cancer treated during the COVID-19 pandemic?
Authors: Day Sarah , Mabb Kira , Nixon Jodie , Williames Jocelyn , Emlyn-Jones Mair , Davis Kate , Barrett Christie , Wishart Laurelie , Brown Bena
Published: August 2024

Introduction

Head and neck cancer (HNC) care was significantly impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. The current study aimed to explore the functional outcomes and service experiences of patients with HNC treated during and prior the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

Mixed methods were used to (1) retrospectively compare HNC patients’ functional outcomes and allied health service usage across two time-controlled cohorts and (2) understand the experiences of HNC care using validated surveys and qualitative interviews.

Results

Retrospective data was extracted for 78 participants (pre-COVID-19, n = 43; during-COVID-19, n = 35), with n = 28 and n = 18 completing surveys and an interview, respectively. Significant differences were found in service modality between groups with significantly more phone and telehealth services provided during COVID-19. Service usage and functional outcomes were not significantly different between groups. During-COVID-19 participants reported being significantly less informed about their care and care was significantly less appropriate and acceptable. Thematic analysis of interviews revealed six broad themes related to communication, person-centred care, treatment logistics, care availability, safety of care, and impacts on experiences.

Conclusions

This study revealed that whilst HNC care rapidly changed at the onset of COVID-19, patient access to treatment and functional outcomes did not differ significantly. Rather, factors related to the patient experience of care were discussed. Healthcare professionals working in HNC have further evidence supporting building relationships based on transparent communication and partnering with patients to overcome rapid clinical changes, as experienced during COVID-19.
Towards modeling and analysis of longitudinal social networks
Authors: Dörpinghaus Jens , Weil Vera , Sommer Martin W.
Published: August 2024

There are various methods for handling longitudinal data in graphs and social networks, all of which have an impact on the algorithms used in data analysis. This article provides an overview of limitations, potential solutions, and unanswered questions regarding different temporal data schemas in social networks that are comparable to existing techniques. Restricting algorithms to a specific time point or layer has no effect on the results. However, when applying these approaches to a network with multiple time points, adjusted algorithms or reinterpretation becomes necessary. Therefore, using a generic definition of temporal networks as one graph, we aim to explore how we could analyze longitudinal social networks with centrality measures. Additionally, we introduce two new measures, “importance” and “change”, to identify nodes with specific behaviors. We provide case studies featuring three different real-world networks exhibiting both limitations and benefits of the novel approach. Furthermore, we present techniques to estimate variations in importance and degree centrality over time.
Improved remote infusion catheter for prevention of acute limb ischemia in peripheral veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation
Authors: Shen Ying-ying , Zhang Zhi-rong , Feng Wen , Li Cheng-En , Chen Wei , Zhang Yan , Pan Si-xu , Fan Zhao-kun
Published: August 2024

This is an application of an improved remote infusion catheter in femoral artery veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA ECMO). VA ECMO is a critical technique for treating cardiogenic shock and cardiac arrest. However, acute limb ischemia has emerged as a severe complication of this treatment method, potentially significantly impacting patient prognosis and survival rates. We propose a modified remote infusion catheter method that utilizes a double male luer-lock connector to directly connect to the arterial sheath. This aims to address certain issues present in current methods, such as the absence of matching tubing in the kit.
Patientenedukation in der Primärversorgung
Authors: Brehm Lara , Drevermann Ute , Gerz Maria , Kopp Ines , Leyendecker Christine
Published: August 2024

Zusammenfassung: Im Projekt FAMOUS haben Advanced Practice Nurses (APNs) in der primären Gesundheitsversorgung multimorbid chronisch erkrankte Patienten_innen versorgt. Im folgenden Beitrag werden Praxisbeispiele zur Patientenedukation durch APNs vorgestellt. Ziel des Beitrages ist es, die Vielfalt und Herausforderungen im Prozess der Patientenedukation in der primären Gesundheitsversorgung darzustellen.
Perspektiven der Kompetenzerweiterung für
Endoskopiefachberufe
Authors: Pfeifer Ute Gabriele
Published: August 2024

Gesundheitspolitische Signale weisen mit dem geplanten Pflegekompetenzgesetz in
die richtige Richtung. Anhaltende belastende Faktoren wie Stress, Übermüdung und
körperliche Beschwerden erschweren den Alltag von Pflegepersonen. Einige von
ihnen ziehen bereits in der Ausbildung Konsequenzen und entscheiden sich für ein
anderes Berufsfeld. Auch im Bereich der Endoskopie gibt es Möglichkeiten der
beruflichen Entwicklung mit der Idee, qualifiziert am und mit dem Patient*innen
zu arbeiten. Eine deutschlandweite Umfrage zeigt unter den Befragten erneut
großes Interesse an Weiterbildung und Qualifizierung.
Personal: Rechtliche „Dos and Don‘ts“ bei der Gewinnung von Mitarbeitern
Authors: Sandidge Monique
Published: August 2024

Der Fachkräftemangel betrifft auch Krankenhäuser und Pflegeeinrichtungen. Gerade hier stellen sich wichtige Fragen dazu, wie Mitarbeiter unter Beachtung der rechtlichen Vorgaben gewonnen und langfristig gebunden werden können.
Innovation: Von Mitarbeiterzufriedenheit zur Spitzenleistung
Authors: Zilic Edina , Lodroner Anja , Schilling Max
Published: August 2024

Einweg-Technologien können eine bedeutende Rolle in der Steigerung von Effizienz und Mitarbeiterzufriedenheit haben. Ein wichtiger Faktor dabei ist unter anderem der geringere Schulungsaufwand.
Prävention in der Pflege: Entlastung der Mitarbeitenden durch Prozessoptimierung
Authors: Gerhardt Malin , Raida Andrea
Published: August 2024

Zukünftig wird es nur Krankenhäusern, die nachhaltig mit ihren Ressourcen wirtschaften, möglich sein, die medizinische Versorgung der Patienten sicherzustellen. Die Prävention in der Pflege durch die Schaffung optimierter Prozesse und Arbeitsumfelder rückt somit zunehmend in den Fokus der Krankenhäuser, um die Zufriedenheit und Gesundheit der Mitarbeitenden zu fördern.
Value-based Supply Chain: Versorgungssicherheit und Kostenoptimierung in Zeiten unsicherer Versorgungssysteme
Authors: Pieper Ulrich , Hartthaler Andreas
Published: August 2024

Versorgungsengpässe und steigende Kosten fordern Krankenhäuser heraus. Wie können Value-Based Ansätze die Versorgungssicherheit erhöhen und gleichzeitig Kosten senken?
Schwere komplizierte Malaria durch Plasmodium falciparum bei einer Reiserückkehrerin aus Sansibar
Authors: Eggeling Johanna , Ramharter Michael , Wichmann Dominic , Schmiedel Stefan
Published: August 2024

Anamnese Eine 25-jährige Patientin wurde bei Fieber und Mikrohämaturie wegen des Verdachts auf eine Harnwegsinfektion ambulant behandelt. Ihr Zustand verschlechterte sich jedoch über 3 Tage zunehmend, sodass sie aufgrund von ausgeprägter Schwäche und Verwirrtheit mehrfach stürzte und mit hohem Fieber in ein Krankenhaus eingewiesen wurde.

Diagnostik Die initialen Laborbefunde zeigten eine hämolytische Anämie, Panzytopenie und ein akutes Nierenversagen, was als ein hämolytisch-urämisches Syndrom diagnostiziert wurde. Erst eine nochmalige detaillierte Anamnese offenbarte eine Reiserückkehr aus Afrika. Ein Malaria-Test zeigte dann eine Infektion mit Plasmodium falciparum mit einer Parasitämie von 80 %.

Therapie und Verlauf Intravenöses Artesunat und oral verabreichtes Artemether-Lumefantrin reduzierten die Parasitämie schnell. Dennoch entwickelte die Patientin infolge der Malaria einen septischen Schock, der eine Nierenersatz- sowie eine kinetische Beatmungstherapie und die Gabe von Bluttransfusionen bei anhaltender Hämolyse – bis zur Normalisierung der Laborwerte nach 48 Tagen – erforderte.

Folgerung Bei Fieber ist die Anamnese oft herausfordernd, aber wegweisend, um den wichtigen frühzeitigen Behandlungsbeginn der Malaria nicht zu verzögern und tödliche Ausgänge bei komplizierten Fällen zu verhindern.
Prognostic value of pretherapeutic 68Ga-PSMA-11-PET based imaging parameters in mCRPC patients treated with PSMA radioligands
Authors: Rahbar Nikoukar Laya , Seifert Robert , Ventura David , Schindler Philipp , Bögemann Martin , Rahbar Kambiz , Roll Wolfgang
Published: August 2024

Purpose This study aims to evaluate the prognostic significance of various previously reported PSMA-PET parameters in patients undergoing 177Lu-PSMA radioligand therapy (RLT). While individual studies have investigated the prognostic value of one or few of these factors, comprehensive analyses are rare.

Methods Data of 82 patients undergoing 177Lu-PSMA-radiologand-therapy (RLT) were analyzed. Total tumor volume (tumor volume), average SUVmean of all tumor lesions (SUVmean) and the quotient of sum of SUVmean of all tumor lesions to SUVmean of the parotid glands (tumor-parotid-ratio; TPR) and of the kidneys (tumor-kidney-ratio; TKR) were included in analysis.

Results This study showed that a tumor volume of <290.6 ml is associated with a better survival in patients undergoing PSMA-RLT (median PFS: 4.2, median OS: 13.2 months) compared to patients with higher tumor volume (median PFS: 3.4,median OS: 6.2 months; p-value = 0.01 for PFS and <0.001 for OS). The average SUVmean correlated inversely with survival. Patients with a SUVmean > 10.7 had a median PFS of 4.2 and OS of 11.4 months while patients with SUVmean <10.7 had a median PFS of 1.6 and OS of 5 months (p-value <0.001 for both). The assessment of TPR showed no significant difference regarding OS and PFS. TKR showed a better PFS in patients with ratio > 0.33 (p-value 0.009) but no significant difference regarding OS.

Conclusion The present study confirms that pretherapeutic PSMA-PET before RLT with 177Lu-PSMA has a prognostic value.
Management of Sepsis in the First 24 Hours: Bundles of Care and Individualized Approach
Authors: Coloretti Irene , Tosi Martina , Biagioni Emanuela , Busani Stefano , Girardis Massimo
Published: August 2024

Early diagnosis and prompt management are essential to enhance the outcomes of patients with sepsis and septic shock. Over the past two decades, evidence-based guidelines have guided appropriate treatment and recommended the implementation of a bundle strategy to deliver fundamental treatments within the initial hours of care. Shortly after its introduction, the implementation of a bundle strategy has led to a substantial decrease in mortality rates across various health care settings. The primary advantage of these bundles is their universality, making them applicable to all patients with sepsis. However, this same quality also represents their primary disadvantage as it fails to account for the significant heterogeneity within the septic patient population. Recently, the individualization of treatments included in the bundle has been suggested as a potential strategy for further improving the prognosis of patients with sepsis. New strategies for the early identification of microorganisms and their resistance patterns, advanced knowledge of antibiotic kinetics in critically ill patients, more conservative fluid therapy in specific patient populations, and early use of alternative vasopressors to catecholamines, as well as tailored source control based on patient conditions and site of infection, are potential approaches to personalize initial care for specific subgroups of patients. These innovative methodologies have the potential to improve the management of septic shock. However, their implementation in clinical practice should be guided by solid evidence. Therefore, it is imperative that future research evaluate the safety, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness of these strategies.
Micro-plasma jet improves triggering in pulsed power technology
Authors: Johnson-Groh Mara
Published: August 2024

Innovative triggering method demonstrates reduced jitter and improved reliability for high repetition rate pulsed power sources.
Sex chromosomes and hormones independently influence healthy brain development but act similarly after cranial radiation
Authors: Yeung Jonas , DeYoung Taylor , Spring Shoshana , de Guzman A. Elizabeth , Elder Madeline W. , Beauchamp Antoine , Wong C. Shun , Palmert Mark R. , Lerch Jason P. , Nieman Brian J.
Published: August 2024

The course of normal development and response to pathology are strongly influenced by biological sex. For instance, female childhood cancer survivors who have undergone cranial radiation therapy (CRT) tend to display more pronounced cognitive deficits than their male counterparts. Sex effects can be the result of sex chromosome complement (XX vs. XY) and/or gonadal hormone influence. The contributions of each can be separated using the four-core genotype mouse model (FCG), where sex chromosome complement and gonadal sex are decoupled. While studies of FCG mice have evaluated brain differences in adulthood, it is still unclear how sex chromosome and sex hormone effects emerge through development in both healthy and pathological contexts. Our study utilizes longitudinal MRI with the FCG model to investigate sex effects in healthy development and after CRT in wildtype and immune-modified
Ccl2
-knockout mice. Our findings in normally developing mice reveal a relatively prominent chromosome effect prepubertally, compared to sex hormone effects which largely emerge later. Spatially, sex chromosome and hormone influences were independent of one another. After CRT in
Ccl2
-knockout mice, both male chromosomes and male hormones similarly improved brain outcomes but did so more separately than in combination. Our findings highlight the crucial role of sex chromosomes in early development and identify roles for sex chromosomes and hormones after CRT-induced inflammation, highlighting the influences of biological sex in both normal brain development and pathology.
Hierarchy of topological transitions in a network liquid
Authors: Neophytou Andreas , Starr Francis W. , Chakrabarti Dwaipayan , Sciortino Francesco
Published: August 2024

The representation of complex systems as networks has become a critical tool across many fields of science. In the context of physical networks, such as biological neural networks, vascular networks, or network liquids where the nodes and edges occupy volume in three-dimensional space, the question of how they become densely packed is of special importance. Here, we investigate a model network liquid, which is known to densify via two successive liquid–liquid phase transitions (LLPTs). We elucidate the importance of rings—cyclic paths formed by bonded particles in the networks—and their spatial disposition in understanding the structural changes that underpin the increase in density across the LLPTs. Our analyses demonstrate that the densification of these networks is primarily driven by the formation of linked rings, and the LLPTs correspond to a hierarchy of topological transitions where rings form the fundamental building blocks. We envisage entanglement to emerge as a general mechanism for densification, with wide implications for the embedding of physical networks, especially in confined spaces.
Categorization of body parts in Dholuo
Authors: Ochieng Joseph Jaoko , Kóczy Judit Baranyiné
Published: August 2024

The embodiment hypothesis holds that human cognition and mental representations are influenced by the body and its
physical interaction with the world. Research on the representation of the human body in language and how it is
divided/categorized into parts and subsections is thus vital in comprehending how language communities perceive the body and how
it is viewed within its cultural context. This paper investigates how the body is categorized in Dholuo, a Nilotic language spoken
primarily in Kenya, East Africa. Dholuo is an understudied language with limited research in linguistics, particularly in
cognitive linguistics. This study pioneers the exploration of the body-part categorization system in Dholuo by providing a
comprehensive overview of body-part classification within the language. The objective is to elucidate the theoretical implications
of this system, particularly emphasizing the relationship between language and culture. The study also explores how culture
significantly influences the conceptualization and usage of language, particularly concerning body-part vocabulary.
Geographic variation of voseo and tuteo on X (Twitter) with a consideration of mixing cases
(vos puedes)
Authors: Kellert Olga
Published: August 2024

This article explores a new data source and a new method to analyze the spatial distribution of a well-known case
of linguistic variation in Spanish, namely the use of personal pronouns in informal address also known as voseo
and tuteo. The data source is the social media X, previously Twitter, and more precisely the geolocated
textmessages, that is, messages associated with a precise location information. Previous analyses of the spatial distribution of
voseo and tuteo in the literature focus more on the distribution of standard agreement forms
of voseo/tuteo on the country scale and less on the city scale and they are mostly based on qualitative or on
quantitative research with a small dataset. The present study focusses on the distribution of voseo and
tuteo on a city scale on a bigger dataset than the dataset used in previous studies and it also takes mixed
agreement cases into account such as tú podés instead of standard agreement tú puedes. The
spatial distribution of voseo and tuteo on a city scale in the present use of
voseo and tuteo in Argentina shows traces of historical origin of voseo and
tuteo distribution in this country and some mixing cases more often occur in big cities, which might indicate
that these mixing cases are socially higher marked.
A radical solution to the Hubble tension problem
Authors: Clifton Timothy , Hyatt Neil
Published: August 2024

The Hubble tension has proven to be stubbornly persistent, despite widespread efforts to relax it. As a possible resolution of this problem we propose a radical alternative to the way in which cosmological models are viewed. Specifically, we consider building cosmological models from spaces that exhibit intrinsic symmetries, rather than as space-times with explicit symmetry. This change in perspective allows statistical homogeneity and isotropy to be maintained, while relaxing some strong mathematical constraints that the standard approach imposes. We show that a Hubble tension arises naturally in our new approach, and that (as a corollary) a prediction can be made for the radial component of the Baryon Acoustic Oscillations. Our prediction appears to be consistent with the DESI first-year data release, which has otherwise been interpreted as evidence for dynamical dark energy.
Performance Investigation of Model Predictive Control for Brushless DC Motor
Authors: Fathoni K , Apriaskar E , Salim N A , Hidayat S , Suni A F , Hastawan A F , Iksan N
Published: August 2024

Brushless DC motors (BLDCM) have been used in various fields because of their advantages. BLDCM need good control systems to achieve excellent performance with more energy efficient, better speed, current and torque response. Six commutation method inserted with Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) duty cycle as control signal is commonly used. Common control methods ignore other crucial factors like current, torque, power, and only concentrate on controlling the motor speed. PWM in this method can also result in noise and ripple which can deteriorate BLDC performance. More advanced controls have been studied to improve control performance such as Model Predictive Control (MPC) which has become popular in electric drive. This paper aims to investigate Finite Control Set MPC (FCSMPC), class of MPC, in controlling BLDCM. FCSMPC is simulated in Simulink MATLAB platform and compared to Linear Quadratic with Integrator (LQI) control. The results demonstrate that compared to LQI, FCSMPC has better in both transient and steady state performance. FCSMPC exhibits faster transient response and higher load handling with smaller speed drop. Furthermore, it also demonstrates higher mechanical power and torque with lower ripple and noises which lead to energy efficiency.
The alternative solution of solid waste management in densely populated settlements in Penjaringan District, North Jakarta
Authors: Dickals E P , Aphirta S , Moerdjoko S , Purwaningrum P , Simangunsong N I
Published: August 2024

This study aims to plan a holistic waste sanitation planning system in priority areas. The increase in population in Penjaringan District raises problems of sanitation, hygiene and has an impact on Public Health. In Penjaringan Sub-district area, there are still many people who dispose of solid waste carelessly, making it easier for the spread of disease by vectors of flies, rats and others that live in piles of garbage waste. This place also recorded the highest cases of diseases caused by bad environment, namely 31 cases of dengue fever and 1999 cases of diarrhea. The method used in this study is descriptive analytical with proportionate random sampling method. Questionnaires were distributed to 100 respondents. Solid waste data was collected using stratified random sampling method, and 30 samples were collected. It was found that 96% had indoor solid waste containers, but did not have containers in front of the respondents houses, resulting in the accumulation of garbage in front of residents houses. It is also known that the community’s knowledge of solid waste or garbage is also still small. which is 36% of the respondents. meaning that there are still many who dispose of garbage carelessly. The priority location for the solid waste management plan is Neighborhood 10, Peniaringan Sub-District. This is in accordance with the results of community interviews and data support from the health service center that the most cases of diarrhea are in that RW, namely 4 respondents. The best solution that can be done for this area is to make eighteen units o communal waste containers with a capacity of 240 liters and add unit of motorized carts. It is expected that the spread of environment-based diseases will also decrease.
The effect of stacking sequence on the properties of hybrid agel/glass fiber reinforced polymer composite laminates
Authors: Nuryanta M I , Widodo R D , Mujaki A , Rusiyanto  , Kriswanto  , Widayat W , Fitriyana D F , Firmansyah H N , Darsono F B , Muflikhun M A
Published: August 2024

Research on composites involving natural fibers is growing. Researchers are paying attention to natural fibers because they are environmentally friendly. The weak strength of natural fibers can be overcome by combining them with glass fibers. In this study, the composite specimen was made with three different lamina arrangements, noted by A as the agel fiber and G as the glass fiber. The composite material comprises six layers of fibers with three different variations (A6, A2/G2/A2, and G2/A2/G2). Before manufacturing the composite, natural fibers were treated with 4% NaOH solution for 2 hours. The manufacturing process uses the hand layup method. Performance of the composite was tested by flexural and hardness tests. Composites with the glass fiber as the outer layer get the highest strength in the flexural and hardness tests, while the overall composite with agel fiber layer gets the lowest mechanical properties. The phenomenon of fiber pull-out and delamination was seen after the material was tested, this indicated a weak bond between the fiber and matrix.
Green Pretreatment Techniques for Enhanced Delignification of Lignocellulosic Biomass: A Case Study of Biomass Waste in Indonesia
Authors: Ardhiansyah Hanif , Kusumaningrum Maharani , Bahlawan Zuhriyan Ash Shiddieqy , Prasetiawan Haniif , Savanti Fisa , Fauziyyah Hasna Amalia
Published: August 2024

The increasing global demand for sustainable energy sources and environmentally conscious materials has driven research into efficiently utilizing lignocellulosic biomass. Lignocellulose, a complex composite material composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, holds promise for producing renewable fuels, bioproducts, and biomaterials. However, the inherent recalcitrance of lignin presents a significant challenge in accessing the valuable polysaccharides within biomass. Delignification, a crucial step in biomass pretreatment, involves selective lignin removal to enhance cellulose and hemicellulose accessibility for conversion processes. This review paper explores green pretreatment techniques to improve delignification efficiency. Green pretreatment methods prioritize sustainability by minimizing harsh chemical use and energy consumption. Techniques such as steam explosion, organosolv, and alkali treatment have been examined for their potential to delignify biomass while reducing environmental impact effectively. These techniques enhance lignocellulosic biomass’s suitability for various downstream applications. Indonesia is a nation endowed with abundant agricultural and forestry resources, and the challenge of biomass waste management is of paramount importance. As a major agricultural producer, Indonesia generates substantial biomass waste, including crop residues and palm oil byproducts. Effective waste management aligns with Indonesia’s commitment to renewable energy and circular economy goals. This review provides an inclusive overview of delignification methods, specifically focusing on green pretreatment techniques within the Indonesian biomass waste context. By exploring the mechanisms and benefits of environmentally friendly techniques, this study sheds light on their potential to address Indonesia’s unique challenges in biomass waste management. Economic and environmental considerations are also discussed to determine the feasibility of integrating green pretreatment into Indonesia’s biomass utilization framework.
The priority scale determination in sustainable maintenance strategy for university building based on the analytical network process (ANP)
Authors: Arifin M F A , Husna N S N , Budiwirawan A
Published: August 2024

Buildings consist of components that require a building maintenance management system, which is undertaken by the building maintenance department. Because of the limitation budgeting issue, several building components cannot be managed simultaneously, thus necessitating a gradual maintenance process. This study focuses on building maintenance management strategies that consider the budget limitations and complexity of building maintenance issues while including the occupant safety condition factor as the main consideration. To achieve this, the Building Condition Index (BCI) is utilized to provide an approach in assessing the condition of buildings. The developed method in this research uses the Analytical Network Process (ANP) to determine the priority of buildings to be maintained based on building safety factors. In this research, building components are categorized into three major groups, i.e.: interior, exterior, and utilities. The model developed in this research demonstrates its appropriateness and reliable solution concerning building component damage and their functionalities.
A Review of the Application of “Smart Building” in Unnes Entrepreneurship Building (KWU)
Authors: Pratiwi Isna , Wicaksono Dimas , Prihanto Teguh , Wibowo Ardiyan Adhi , Setyowati Wiwit , Yulianto Dimas Indra , Asri Sarwi , Setiyawan Andri
Published: August 2024

In the context of developing and implementing the concept of green architecture in the Unnes Campus area as an optimal and environmentally friendly University of Conservation, it is necessary to identify building prototypes. In this case the Entrepreneurship (KWU) Building, on the UNNES campus can be an example. This identification is needed to reveal in real terms how building performance, management and operational systems can potentially be optimized and streamlined in order to meet the needs of green buildings, as well as determine air quality control points that can be controlled. This underlies the implementation of this activity, in order to obtain data to recommend efforts to optimize green building governance that is environmentally sound, smart building and sustainable. Optimization of building management (KWU) is one of the things that many consider in designing a building today. Apart from being a form of raising green building, it is also based on making buildings more economical in the future and also more durable. In this case the construction of the Entrepreneurship (KWU) Building at Universitas Negeri Semarang also considers and prioritizes ecology, technology and innovation as the basis for its design and planning. The definition of smart building cannot be answered with just one definition, that a smart building is a building that applies environmental principles in its design, construction, operation and management and is an important aspect of handling the impacts of climate change. Meanwhile, a Green Building is a single or multiple buildings in a certain site which in its construction and utilization must follow the principles of sustainability in addition to the provisions of the technical requirements for buildings in general. From these two understandings it can be interpreted that the concept of green architecture is an architectural planning approach that seeks to minimize various harmful effects on human health and the environment. Green buildings are high-performance buildings designed to be responsive to the environment, economically profitable, and healthy places to live and work (environmentally responsible, economically profitable, and healthy places to live and work). The concept of ‘green’ is not just a trend today, but must be treated as a basic principle when we start designing buildings. The concept aims to carry out building functions that meet technical reliability requirements and prioritize green building aspects, which include: Efficiency in energy use, Efficiency in water use, Air quality in buildings, Waste management and Management of building operations.
Segmentation Model of Volcano Eruptions Video using Yolov8 for Monitoring Active Volcanoes
Authors: Rochim F P , Nugroho A , Ardiansyah M I
Published: August 2024

Being in the Ring of Fire area makes Indonesia prone to volcanic eruptions. In 2022, a total of 253 volcanic eruptions were recorded in Indonesia. However, out of the 127 active volcanoes in Indonesia, only 69 are monitored by the Centre for Volcanology and Geological Disaster Mitigation (PVMBG). Innovation is needed to facilitate the monitoring process of active volcanoes that are not yet observed. This research aims to develop a volcanic eruption detection model using surveillance camera images that can be placed around volcano monitoring posts. A 233 volcanic eruption images dataset was trained to detect and segment volcanic eruption objects using the You Only Look Once (YOLOv8) algorithm. Model evaluation was conducted using the Confusion Matrix method, resulting in % an accuracy rate of 94.3%. The trained model achieved precision levels of 0.96 and 0.95 for segmenting volcano and volcanic cloud eruption objects, respectively. The recall values for the segmented objects were 0.93 and 0.904, respectively. Based on the model’s test results, it has generally been able to detect volcanic eruptions and segment volcano and volcanic cloud eruption objects well, with a high prediction box value. However, in segmenting moving volcanic cloud eruption objects, the model has not maintained this prediction box value.
3 To Evaluate Lower Threshold of Polyp Size for Tattooing Routinely, A Single Trust Observational Study
Authors: Riad M , Moosvi R , Joshi S , Iordanov I , Gupta S , Cara B , Henrika B E
Published: August 2024

Aim

The goal of the study is to establish the lowest polyp size for clinically effective tattooing routinely.

Method

Retrospective data collection of colonoscopy and flexible sigmoidoscopy for bowel screening and non-bowel screening patients; 450 patients underwent polypectomy of <20mm from September 2021 to September 2022 in MTW NHS Trust. We excluded 20+ mm polyps, known FAP, lynch syndrome and other genetic predisposed colorectal polyps. Histology was obtained from electronic patient records (Allscripts). SPSS version 25.0 was used for the statistical analysis, which also included ROC curve analysis and Chi-Square test.

Results

A total of 450 participants, 288 males (64.0%) and 162 females (36.0%), were enrolled. Polyp sizes: 0-9mm (42.2%) and 10-19mm (57.8%). 8.0% were tattooed. Polyps found in right- hemicolon, transverse, left-hemicolon, sigmoid and rectum accordingly 29.78%, 20.5%, 9.1%, 28.4% and 12.22%. Pedunculated polyps were found in 143 individuals (31.8%), while sessile polyps were observed in 256 individuals (56.9%). Furthermore, in histological analysis, 251 individuals (55.8%) exhibited tubular adenomas and the majority of the cohort (77.6%) presented with low-grade dysplasia. Malignant invasion was detected in 27 subjects (6%). Receiver operating system (ROC) curve analysis indicated that polyp size was a predictive factor for malignancy development, with a cut-off lower point identified at 8.5 mm.

Conclusions

The findings confirm the advice to tattoo polyps bigger than 8.5mm to make tracing and follow- up easier.
181 An Analytical Study: Adult Negative Appendicectomy Rate in Barnsley District General Hospital
Authors: Hussain A , Zeid A , Shiwani M , Ghosh S
Published: August 2024

Background

Patients presenting with right iliac fossa (RIF) pain are common in acute surgical takes; a key differential being acute appendicitis. NA (negative appendicectomy) is defined as histologically confirmed normal, congested, or cancerous appendix. In the United Kingdom, the NA rate (NAR) is more than 20%. Increased NAR leads to increased complications and financial burdens on the National Health Service.

Aim

The objectives of this study were to determine the histopathology proven NAR in Barnsley District General Hospital (BDGH) and assess whether this is in line with the national percentage.

Methodology

Our methodology was based on the RIF treatment (RIFT) audit. This closed-loop retrospective study includes all 155 adult patients attending BDGH, who underwent an appendicectomy between April 2021 and April 2022. The exclusion criteria: previous appendicectomy, right hemicolectomy or colectomy. The results were presented in the BDGH multi-disciplinary team meeting.

Results

17% of patients had a NA. Of which, 54% of patients had a normal appendix, and 19% showed signs of malignancy. 8 patients had pre-operative scans showing appendicitis but were negative on histopathology. Of which, 7 were an ultrasound scan (USS), and 1 was a Computed Tomography (CT) scan.

Conclusions

The NAR improved significantly since the previous cycle, due to changes in practice. BDGH now has low NAR, in line with national rates. Pre-operative CT scans are more sensitive than USS. To further improve, Adult Appendicitis Score [4] will be added to the surgical clerking proforma, and we will re-audit this in a prospective study.
204 Improving the Efficiency and Accuracy of Surgical Procedure Consent Documentation Through Pre-Printed Forms
Authors: Alqasem M
Published: August 2024

Aim

To improve the efficiency of the process of recording the possible consequences of surgical procedures by replacing the standard way of handwriting with pre-printed forms.

Method

The British Association of Urological Surgeons (BAUS) has published the associated risks with each urological procedure. Some are self-limiting or reversible, but others are not. The impact of these risks can vary a lot from patient to patient, However, it is always necessary to mention all these risks in the consent form. For the first cycle, a sample of 50 patient’s consent forms were reviewed randomly and retrospectively from October 2022 to March 2023 in 5 urological procedures (TURP, TURBT, Ureteroscopy, Circumcision and testicular torsion repair). For the second cycle, 50 patients were collected retrospectively for the period of July 2023 - November 2023.

Results

The first cycle showed that 55.5% of the risks which are associated with the procedures were missed. After using the forms, the percentage dramatically decreased to 16.7%.

Conclusions

Our documentation unfortunately showed deviation from the standard practice. By using the pre-printed consenting forms, we showed significant improvement, as the missed risks for the second cycle is only 16.7%, and we aim to make it 0% during the third cycle. The pre-printed consent forms are easy and quick way to consent patient pre-op and this should be the standard practice for all the departments to ensure al the possible consequences are discussed with the patients and thus to optimise patient care.
341 Improving Plastic Surgery Inpatient Referrals at a Major Trauma Centre: A Closed Loop Audit
Authors: Neves S , Lacey H , Bernard K , Kim B , Millard N , Bayley A , King A
Published: August 2024

Aim

Online plastic surgery referrals at the Royal Sussex County Hospital are often incomplete or inappropriate. Establishing reasons for rejection and streamlining referrals will reduce inappropriate referrals and time to assessment and management.

Method

Referrals between July 2020 and February 2023 were audited, and data used to create a new referral form. Changes included a prerequisite referral checklist, wound assessment section and required clinical photography. Prospective audit was performed over 3 months.

Results

1038 referrals were reviewed including 147 rejected referrals (14.2%). The most common reason for rejection was inappropriate referrals (63%), including 31% not requiring surgical intervention and 32% having been referred to the wrong specialty. 41.5% were submitted without clinical photography. Other rejection reasons included patients declining intervention (8.8%), incomplete referrals (7.5%) or duplicates (7.5%). Commonly omitted sections included results (70%), allergies (65%) and medication (16%). Prospective audit after referral form amendments involved 168 new referrals, with 37 rejected (22.0%). The most common reason for rejection remained inappropriate referrals (70.3%, p=0.64). 19% of forms were submitted without clinical photography (p=0.37), despite required confirmation of available photographs. Other rejection reasons included patient declining intervention (10.8%, p=0.09), incomplete referrals (5.4% p=0.07) and duplicates (5.4%, p=0.07).

Conclusions

Streamlining the referral form reduced incomplete referrals and the number submitted without clinical photography. A prerequisite checklist reduced inappropriate referrals. The new wound assessment section facilitated advice to be given to referrers, diverting patients for local management. The modified referral form will ensure continued improvement in efficiency of the inpatient plastic surgery service.
342 Enhanced Trauma Team Activations Reduces Elderly Major Trauma Patients’ Length of Stay by 17.7% (3 Days): A Multi-Centre 8-Year Pre and Post Intervention Study in Trauma Units
Authors: Karamchandani U , Davies J , Varma S , Batrick N
Published: August 2024

Aim

Despite high injury severity scores (ISS), elderly major trauma patients are often not recognised expediently. Previous audit of North West London Major Trauma Network’s (NWL-MTN) TARN data (2015-2017) evidenced lower rates of trauma team activation (TTA) in Trauma Units (TUs) when comparing ISS >15 cohorts. This correlated with outcomes, as TTA patients were assessed earlier, with timelier CT-scans and reduced lengths of stay (LOS). Re-audit evaluated TTA performance after interventions enhancing practice including modified TTA tools, educational initiatives, >40% TTA targets and annual peer reviews, sustained from 2018 onwards.

Method

Retrospective analysis of six TUs from 2018-2022 was conducted. Adult patients ISS 15-45 were included. Annual TTA rates were compared between ‘elderly’ (65+) and ‘non-elderly’ (18-64) cohorts. Mann-Whitney-U tests explored differences in arrival to CT-times and LOS. (Significance at p<0.05).

Results

Re-audit identified 2197 elderly patients (mean-ISS 21); 987 non-elderly patients (mean-ISS 22).

Trauma Team Activation rates

Elderly:2015-2017: 12% (pre-intervention)2018: 18%2019: 23%2020: 34%2021: 34%2022: 30%

Non-elderly:2015-2017: 31% (pre-intervention)2018: 35%2019: 36%2020: 46%2021: 37%2022: 40%

Elderly outcomes

Assessment ≤5mins from arrival by ST3+:2015-2017: TTA: 60.6%; No-TTA: 11.0%2020-2022: TTA: 50.9%; No-TTA: 22.3%

Mean CT-times (p<0.001):2015-2017: TTA: 09.5hr; No-TTA: 20.1hr2020-2022: TTA: 04.3hr; No-TTA: 08.5hr

Mean LOS days (p<0.001):2015-2017: TTA: 13.2; No-TTA: 16.8. Total: 16.42020-2022: TTA: 12.3; No-TTA: 14.1. Total: 13.5

Conclusions

Interventions have been effective with elderly TTA rates almost trebling since 2017. Earlier assessment, investigations and clinical management correlate directly with a 17.7% (3 Day) reduction in LOS.
489 Management of ACL Injuries and the Impact of the Coronavirus Pandemic: A Regional Audit
Authors: Nadeem U , Nowicka M , Freudmann M
Published: August 2024

Aim

15,000 anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructions are performed annually in the United Kingdom. The aim of this audit was to compare local management of ACL injury at the University Hospitals of Morecambe Bay NHS Foundation Trust (UHMBT) to current British Orthopaedic Association Standards for Trauma (BOAST) guidelines. A secondary aim was to understand the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the management of ACL reconstruction.

Method

The audit was registered with the local audit department. Lists of patients with ACL reconstructions were obtained across two time periods and data was extracted from the electronic patient record software and PACS. The pre-covid period, was defined between 1st of July 2018 and the 1st of July 2019. The post-covid period was defined between 1st of July 2021 and 1st of July 2022. Microsoft Excel software was used for analysis.

Results

Sixty cases were identified, with a mean age of 28. 37 patients were from the pre-covid period, and 23 patients from the post-covid period. 82% of patients underwent a timely clinic assessment following initial presentation, in accordance with guidelines. 37% of cases had an MRI scan completed within 14 days. 38% of cases were referred for prehabilitation. The average time to surgery was 230.5 days in the pre-covid period, increasing to 353.9 days in the post-covid period. 84% of patients had post-operative physiotherapy.

Conclusions

The results demonstrate poor compliance with current guidance. The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on average time to surgery. An improved multidisciplinary approach is required to improve functional outcomes.
510 Mechanical VTE Prophylaxis in Patients Undergoing Abdominal Surgery
Authors: Sotirakis D
Published: August 2024

Aim

VTE prophylaxis is widely recognized as an essential component to reduce venous thromboembolism. Patients undergoing abdominal surgery have increased risk of VTE. NICE guidelines [NG89] suggest starting mechanical VTE prophylaxis on admission. The purpose of this clinical audit was to assess if mechanical VTE prophylaxis is prescribed to all patients undergoing abdominal surgery on admission and investigate if the prescribed mechanical VTE prophylaxis is implemented.

Method

Two audit cycles were completed. Concurrent study of the data of the first 30 patients undergone abdominal surgery after 03/10/2023 (1st cycle) and 30 patients after 20/11/2023 (2nd cycle) were analysed. Patients having contraindications for mechanical VTE prophylaxis were excluded. Data were collected by reviewing patients’ drug charts and inspecting in person if mechanical VTE prophylaxis was implemented. An action plan between the two cycles was suggested.

Results

Reviewing the drug charts, TEDS were prescribed to all patients included in the cohort (100%) in both cycles. At the first cycle of the audit of the total audit cohort, compliance with NG89 NICE Guidelines (implementation of mechanical VTE prophylaxis) was 77%. The rest 23% of the cohort either were not given TEDstockings or found them unnecessary. At the second cycle of the audit, there was an improvement and the number of patients wearing TEDstockings was increased.

Conclusions

The implementation of mechanical VTE prophylaxis as per NICE guidelines was poorly adhered to at the beginning of this investigation but it was improved after the action plan was implemented.