bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Fourth Axle Steering Control of an 8x8 Scaled Electric Combat Vehicle
Authors: Kim Junwoo , Vaz Glenn , El-Gindy Moustafa , El-Sayegh Zeinab
Published: April 2024

With the rise in demand, advanced steering control and electric vehicle technology are rapidly developing in modern times. Due to a controller's role as a backbone for the modern vehicle, its study has become increasingly crucial. This research proposes a novel 4th axle steering (4AS) feedforward controller that utilizes the first, second and fourth axle steering control for an 8x8 scaled electric combat vehicle. The vehicle is tested using the predefined path following. The novel 4AS controller is then compared to the Ackermann steering condition at different speeds. In the scaled vehicle used for this research, each wheel is independently driven by an in-wheel motor, while the steering is carried out by linear actuators. Individual eight-wheel steering control systems are designed and installed on the scaled vehicle to evaluate the driving performance from low speed to high speed. The 4AS steering method is implemented to improve the stability of the scaled vehicle at high speeds. The rear steering control strategy with Ackermann steering shows better driving performance at low-speed tests, but the active 4th axle steering controller represents more vehicle dynamic stability at high-speed maneuvers. This study uses MATLAB/ Simulink software to build and implement the controllers, and TruckSim modelling and simulation software to simulate the on-road conditions for a given maneuver. The simulation results, which include eight-wheel steering angles, trajectory, and vehicle sideslip are advantageous to the design of full-size 8x8 electric combat vehicles. A successful outcome of this paper would be to compare the results to determine the better method of steering at different speeds for the full-size combat vehicle.
Functional Safety Concept Design of Vehicle Steer-by-Wire System
Authors: Li Aohan , Kaku Chuyo , Wang Zhenhua , Zheng Hongyu
Published: April 2024

Steer-By-Wire (SBW) system directly transmits the driver's steering input to the wheels through electrical signals. However, the reliability of electronic equipment is significantly lower than that of mechanical structures, and the risk of failure increases, so it is important to conduct functional safety studies on SBW systems. This paper develops the functional safety of the SBW system according to the requirements of the international standard ISO26262, and first defines the relevant items and application scope of SBW system. Secondly, the Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) method was used to combine scenarios and possible dangerous events to carry out Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment (HARA), and the Automotive Safety Integrity Level (ASIL) was obtained according to the three evaluation indicators of Exposure, Severity and Controlabillity, and then the corresponding safety objectives were established and Fault Tolerant Time Interval (FTTI) was set. Finally, the safety analysis of the system is carried out, and according to the specified safety objectives, the potential failure causes and failure effects of the system are found out through Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA), and the Functional Safety Requirement (FSR) of SBW system is derived accordingly.
Research on Artificial Potential Field based Soft Actor-Critic Algorithm for Roundabout Driving Decision
Authors: Yk Shi , Wu Jian , Wang Shiwei , Gan Diyuan , He Rui , Chen Jiaqi , Chen Zhicheng
Published: April 2024

Roundabouts are one of the most complex traffic environments in urban roads, and a key challenge for intelligent driving decision-making. Deep reinforcement learning, as an emerging solution for intelligent driving decisions, has the advantage of avoiding complex algorithm design and sustainable iteration. For the decision difficulty in roundabout scenarios, this paper proposes an artificial potential field based Soft Actor-Critic (APF-SAC) algorithm. Firstly, based on the Carla simulator and Gym framework, a reinforcement learning simulation system for roundabout driving is built. Secondly, to reduce reinforcement learning exploration difficulty, global path planning and path smoothing algorithms are designed to generate and optimize the path to guide the agent. Then, considering the complex interactions between vehicles in roundabouts, a Markov decision process model is constructed, and a coupled longitudinal and lateral action space, a vectorized state space based on roundabout scenarios, and a reward function based on artificial potential field are designed, and the APF-SAC algorithm is proposed. Finally, simulation experiments under different traffic densities show that compared to rule-based driving decisions, the deep reinforcement learning method can significantly improve decision safety and driving efficiency in roundabout scenarios, with the maximum safety improvement of 10.4% and the maximum driving efficiency improvement of 13.2%, demonstrating the superior performance of the APF-SAC algorithm for roundabout driving decisions. This research provides an effective approach for applying reinforcement learning algorithms to complex urban autonomous driving decisions.
Leveraging the Internet to Drive a Real Car in the Virtual Earth 3D Model
Authors: Loeb Helen S. , Hernandez Jaime , Leibowitz Chase , Loeb Benjamin , Guerra Erick , Mangharam Rahul
Published: April 2024

Digital mapping tools have become indispensable for road navigation. Applications like Waze and Google Maps harness the power of satellite imagery to provide precise visualization of GPS coordinates. The field advanced significantly in May 2023 with the introduction of dynamic 3D representations of the Earth. Companies such as Cesium now offer Unity3D and Unreal Engine Application Programming Interface that can be applied to geospatial applications. These images are no longer static and offer the opportunity to provide seamless continuous navigation.

Driving simulation has been widely used for training and research. We investigate with this project the potential of this new geospatial database as a tool for scenario development to study manual and autonomous driving. We present an in-vehicle driving simulation integration that employs a real steering wheel and pedals from a stationary vehicle as controls. The visual experience is delivered through the Meta Quest Headset through an overlay in a Mixed Reality environment.

Two case scenarios are examined. The first case involves navigating downtown Denver. The use of photorealistic representations of Denver's buildings offers an immersive experience, although the 3D topology presents some irregularities. These irregularities result from the limited number of polygons used for the digital modeling, especially on flat surfaces like roads and pavements.

The second scenario leverages the hilly landscapes outside Denver. These areas, characterized by arid, treeless terrain typical of Colorado, offer a smooth driving experience. Still, the technology incorporates projection such as phantom cars, flat images of vehicles on the roadway that were captured during satellite data acquisition. We explore opportunities to address these inaccuracies and enhance the environment for a more realistic and immersive driving experience.
Coordinated Charging and Dispatching for Large-Scale Electric Taxi Fleets Based on Bi-Level Spatiotemporal Optimization
Authors: Lyu Yelin , Wang Ning , Tian Hangqi
Published: April 2024

The operation management of electric Taxi fleets requires cooperative optimization of Charging and Dispatching. The challenge is to make real-time decisions about which is the optimal charging station or passenger for each vehicle in the fleet. With the rapid advancement of Vehicle Internet of Things (VIOT) technologies, the aforementioned challenge can be readily addressed by leveraging big data analytics and machine learning algorithms, thereby contributing to smarter transportation systems. This study focuses on optimizing real-time decision-making for charging and dispatching in large-scale electric taxi fleets to improve their long-term benefits. To achieve this goal, a spatiotemporal decision framework using Bi-level optimization is proposed. Initially, a deep reinforcement learning-based model is built to estimate the value of charging and order dispatching under uncertainty. The model considers the long-term costs and benefits of different tasks and guides whether electric taxis should prioritize charging or order dispatching for the fleet's long-term benefits. Subsequently, a combinatorial optimization approach is employed to determine the specific targets for charging or order dispatching. Case studies are conducted within real-world operation data from electric taxis in Hangzhou City, China. The results validate the efficacy of the proposed method, as compared to a baseline approach. Across various fleet sizes and charging power conditions, the method significantly reduces non-service time during the charging process by optimizing charging time and location. The proposed method is found to be suitable for large-scale fleets and high-charging power scenarios.
Analysis and optimization for generated axial force of Adjustable Angular Roller tripod joint
Authors: Wang Yu , Shangguan Wenbin , Wan Lixiang , Hou Qiufeng , Wu Xiaoyong
Published: April 2024

The tripod constant velocity joint (CVJ) has been widely used in mechanical systems due to its strong load-bearing capacity, high efficiency, and reliability. It has become the most commonly used plunging-type CVJ in automotive drive-shaft. A generated axial force (GAF) with a third-order characteristic of driven shaft speed is caused by the internal friction and motion characteristics in a tripod joint. The large GAF has a negative impact on the NVH (Noise, Vibration, and Harshness) characteristics of automobiles, and this issue is particularly prominent in new energy vehicles. A multi-body dynamic model of the Adjustable Angular Roller (AAR) tripod CVJ is developed to calculate and analyze the GAF. To describe the internal motion of the AAR tripod CVJ, the contact interactions between the roller and the track or the trunnion were modeled using non-linear equivalent spring-damping models for contact collision forces and modified Coulomb friction model for friction. An axial force test was conducted on a test bench to validate the accuracy of the multi-body dynamic model. In order to reduce the GAF of the AAR tripod CVJ, the contact parameters of the internal structure were selected as design variables. Sensitivity analysis was performed to identify the impact of each contact parameter on the GAF. The results show that the radius of the outer roller and the race are the main factors affecting the GAF of the AAR tripod CVJ. Based on a combination of bench experiments and numerical simulation analysis, this study provides theoretical references and guidance for the research methods, optimization methods, and influencing factors analysis of the dynamic characteristics of CVJ. These findings have a certain theoretical and practical significance for improving the NVH characteristics and the development of CVJ assemblies.
A Fibrational Tale of Operational Logical Relations: Pure, Effectful and Differential
Authors: Dagnino Francesco , Gavazzo Francesco
Published: April 2024

Logical relations built on top of an operational semantics are one of the
most successful proof methods in programming language semantics. In recent
years, more and more expressive notions of operationally-based logical
relations have been designed and applied to specific families of languages.
However, a unifying abstract framework for operationally-based logical
relations is still missing. We show how fibrations can provide a uniform
treatment of operational logical relations, using as reference example a
lambda-calculus with generic effects endowed with a novel, abstract operational
semantics defined on a large class of categories. Moreover, this abstract
perspective allows us to give a solid mathematical ground also to differential
logical relations -- a recently introduced notion of higher-order distance
between programs -- both pure and effectful, bringing them back to a common
picture with traditional ones.
Implementation of the Dynamic Appraisal of Situational Aggression (DASA) Tool on Inpatient Mental Health Unit
Authors:   , Rodriguez Maira
Published: April 2024

Practice Problem: Inpatient mental health units are vulnerable to aggression and violence, which may lead to physical injuries. It is essential to implement proactive measures to prevent violence before it escalates. PICOT: In an adult inpatient mental health unit (P), does the use of the Dynamic Appraisal of Situational Aggression (DASA) (I), compared to no screening for aggression (C) decrease restraints and seclusion, provide early detection and awareness of aggressive behaviors (O) within ten weeks. Evidence: The DASA assessment tool has been tested in various settings, such as forensic and general adult mental health units. It has also been found to have good internal consistency and inter-rater reliability. Intervention: The Inpatient DASA screening tool was used for eight weeks. A pre/post-test was given to measure RN knowledge and perceptions of using the DASA. Outcome: The DASA is an effective tool that predicted violence in those patients with a score of greater than four and resulted in a decrease in seclusion and restraints. 85% of the nurses participating perceived the DASA to be effective in identifying aggressive patients, and 92% would like to continue the use of the DASA. Conclusion: The DASA is an evidence-based tool that can predict violence within 24 hours before its onset. It is easy, practical, and feasible for mental health units. The DASA allows the RN to identify those at higher risk and implement a treatment plan to mitigate those risks.
Paratextual reframing of visual elements in Al Jazeera’s coverage of the 2022 conflict between Russia and Ukraine
Authors: AlOteibi Karina , Haider Ahmad S , AlSaed Hadeel
Published: April 2024

Since it started in February 2022, the Russian-Ukrainian War has gained the interest of numerous news organizations. The reframing of visual elements of ten news items about the Russian-Ukrainian War is examined in this study. The Arabic versions are extracted from the Al Jazeera website, while the original articles were taken from The Atlantic and Foreign Affairs. Baker’s narrative theory is used in this paper (Baker, 2018). Comparing the visual elements in the English articles to their Arabic equivalents allowed researchers to pinpoint how they are paratextually reframed in the translated versions. The findings showed that Al Jazeera occasionally produces various, varied, and incongruent interpretations of the narrative. This could lead to multiple and, occasionally, dissimilar perspectives on the same story. The findings showed that Al Jazeera utilized paratextual reframing strategies involving visual elements, such as images, videos, and typographical features, to reframe the Russian-Ukrainian War. The research suggests that while the original media outlets initially framed the war according to their agenda, Al Jazeera altered this frame in the translated text. As a result, the target audience’s perception of the event under examination may change during the entire process.
Analysis of the interface between language competence and conceptual metaphor in translation studies
Authors: Dagnev Ivaylo , Chervenkova Zlatka
Published: April 2024

The article seeks to explore the interface between language competence requirements as set by EMT and analyzed by PACTE and conceptual metaphor studies. The research strives to provide an assessment of an experiment conducted with three groups of translators – two non-professional ones, e.g. students of English philology in their 4th year with some translation practice and one group comprised of professional translators and university lecturers. Systematic knowledge of the theoretical underpinnings of Conceptual Metaphor Theory is privy to only one of the groups of non-professional translators. The experiment includes a translation of an article from the Economist by all groups. A number of metaphoric units (words and phrases) have been identified in the article on the basis of MIP procedures. The objective of the research is to gauge the importance of metaphoric competence for performing a successful translation. The results obtained from the current study, though not conclusive show that metaphoric competence plays a significant role in translators’ competencies. Metaphoric awareness may not be directly linked with Conceptual Metaphor Theory, but it proves vital to the quality of translation.
El decreto-ley y sus controles: jurisprudencia constitucional y fiscalización parlamentaria
Authors: Carmona Contreras Ana
Published: April 2024

SUMARIO: I. El decreto-ley en su contexto originario II. La normalización de lo extraordinario: Análisis de la jurisprudencia constitucional: 1. Sobre el decreto-ley como fuente del derecho 2. La interpretación de la “urgente necesidad” y su control externo: III. El control par lamentario del decreto-ley: Significado constitucional versus alteración reglamentaria IV. Algunas reflexiones a modo de conclusión: La escasa operatividad práctica de los controles sobre el Decreto-Ley.
МОТИВИ КОЈИ ПОКРЕЋУ УЧЕЊЕ ПРИРОДЕ И ДРУШТВА У МЛАЂИМ РАЗРЕДИМА ОСНОВНЕ ШКОЛЕ
Authors:   University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Education in Bijeljina, Radivojević Dragana G. , Gavrić Neda B. ,   University of East Sarajevo, Faculty of Education in Bijeljina
Published: April 2024

Teaching science is successful when students are active participants who are motivated and understand the importance of what they are learning. The organization of Nature and society classes in lower primary grades, where students are motivated to learn, is a very challenging task for a teacher and involves connecting and encouraging internal and external motivations. In order to motivate students to learn as much as possible, teachers are expected to apply modern learning strategies in which the student is an active participant, and which are adapted to each individual as much as possible. In this regard, for the purpose of research within the subject Nature and Society / My Environment, a five-point Likert-type questionnaire was created in which the statements are structured into three groups of internal and external motives according to teaching factors ‒ characteristics of the teaching subject (teaching content), way of managing teaching content (teacher’s work), and other external and internal motives for learning the content (student). The goal of the research is to examine whether any of the groups of motives stand out and are ahead of the other group. Total of 343 students from second to fifth grade participated in the research. When analyzing the results, descriptive statistics, ANOVA and Spearman’s correlation coefficient were used. The results show that teacher’s work as a group of motives stands out to a certain extent in relation to other isolated groups. It was also observed that students in the second and third grades have a greater motivation for learning Nature and society content, and that motivation weakens in the older grades. In subsequent research, the same questionnaire could be used to examine the motives that drive the learning of Nature and society in students with “goodˮ, “sufficientˮ and “insufficientˮ grades in order to complete the results of this research.
НАСТАВНИЦИ И ПОЗИТИВНО ОБРАЗОВАЊЕ: НЕКИ ПОКАЗАТЕЉИ ПСИХОЛОШКОГ БЛАГОСТАЊА НАСТАВНИКА
Authors:   Union University in Belgrade, Faculty for Law and Business Studies, Rakić-Bajić Gorana M. , Beara Benjak Mirjana M. ,   University of Kragujevac,Faculty of Philology and Art,   University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Philosophy
Published: April 2024

It is often heard that the mental health of the population in Serbia is compromised and that the educational system is continuously deteriorating. However, there is still limited discussion regarding psychological well-being as a positive aspect of mental health that is of significant importance to enhance. The research presented in this paper was conducted with the aim of determining the psychological well-being of teachers, by assessing the levels of some “positive” and “negative” indicators (positive orientation, life satisfaction, hope for the future, exhaustion, perceived stress). The sample included 196 teachers / professional associates (88% female) with work experience ranging from 0 to over 20 years. The following instruments were used to measure indicators of psychological well-being: the Perceived Stress Scale, the Subscale of Exhaustion from the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, the Optimism‒Pessimism Scale, the Positive Orientation Scale, the Life Satisfaction Scale, and the Hope for the Future Scale. The results show that teachers / professional associates report an increased level of perceived stress, but at the same time, they still find satisfaction in their profession. For participants showing high levels of Job Exhaustion and Perceived Stress, low levels of Life Satisfaction, Job Satisfaction, Positive Orientation, and Hope for the Future can be expected. As a way to improve mental health and psychological well-being of those employed in schools, the introduction of positive education programs in schools in Serbia is suggested.
Outpatient CAR T-Cell Therapy as Standard of Care: Current Perspectives and Considerations
Authors: Gatwood Katie , Mahmoudjafari Zahra , Baer Brittney , Pak Stacy , Lee Brian , Kim Hoim , Abernathy Karin , Dholaria Bhagirathbhai , Oluwole Olalekan
Published: April 2024

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy (CAR-T) has altered the treatment landscape of several hematologic malignancies. Until recently, most CAR-T infusions have been administered in the inpatient setting, due to their toxicity profile. However, the advent of new product constructs, as well as improved detection and management of adverse effects, have greatly increased the safety in administering these therapies. CAR-T indications continue to expand, and inpatient administration is associated with increased healthcare resource utilization and overall cost. Therefore, transitioning CAR-T administration to the outpatient setting has been of great interest in an effort to improve access, reduce financial burden, and improve patient satisfaction. Establishment of a successful outpatient CAR-T requires several components, including a multidisciplinary cellular therapy team and an outpatient center with appropriate clinical space and personnel. Additionally, clear criteria for outpatient administration eligibility and for inpatient admission with pathways for prompt toxicity evaluation and admission, and toxicity management guidelines should be implemented. Education about CAR-T therapy and its associated toxicities is imperative for all clinical staff, as well as patients and their caregivers. Finally, rigorous financial planning and close collaboration with payers to ensure equitable access, while effectively managing cost, are essential to program success and sustainability. This review provides a summary of currently published experiences, as well as expert opinion regarding implementation of an outpatient CAR-T program.
Firma Borçlanma Maliyetlerini Etkileyen Faktörlerin Sektörel Verilerle Analizi
Authors: Kök Dündar , Mabrouk Rihab
Published: April 2024

Borçlanma maliyeti, firmaların herhangi bir ihtiyacını karşılamak amacıyla firma içinden veya dışından sağlanan fonlar sebebiyle katlanmak zorunda olduğu kur farkı, faiz ve komisyon ve benzer ödemelerden kaynaklanan maliyetlerdir.
Bu çalışmada, sektörel bazda firmaların borçlanma maliyetlerini etkileyen faktörler ele alınmış ve bu kapsamda TCMB'nin sektör bilançolarından oluşturulan 2010-2020 dönemine ait 22 sektör verisi ile borçlanma maliyetini etkileyeceği düşünülen üretici fiyat endeksi, faiz ve kur olmak üzere üç makroekonomik veri dahilinde oluşturulan dinamik panel model, Sistem-GMM yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir.
Ulaşılan sonuçlara göre, önceki dönem borçlanma maliyeti, borçlanmada teminat olarak kullanılan duran varlık büyüklüğü, borçların etkin ödenme göstergesi olan Borç Devir Hızı ve tahsilat etkinliği göstergesi olan Alacak Devir Hızı gibi sektör odaklı değişkenlerin yanı sıra üretici fiyat endeksinde, faizde ve kurda meydana gelen değişikliklerin de borçlanma maliyetini çeşitli düzeylerde etkilediği tespit edilmiştir.
Effect of Silica Fume Addition on Mechanical Properties of Concrete in Peat Swamp Water Environment
Authors:   Lecturer of Civil Engineering Study Program, Universitas Kristen Indonesia Paulus Makassar, Indonesia, Buarlele Luciana , Kusuma Benny ,   Lecturer of Civil Engineering Study Program, Universitas Kristen Indonesia Paulus Makassar, Indonesia, Tiku Jaffrey Reinhart ,   Student of Civil Engineering Study Program, Universitas Kristen Indonesia Paulus Makassar, Indonesia
Published: April 2024

Hydraulic Portland cement, water, fine and coarse aggregate, and additional ingredients can be added or left out to create concrete. Making and maintaining concrete requires water as a reagent in the cement mixture so that a chemical reaction occurs when it undergoes the hydration process, which is the process where the cement begins to bind the ingredients that make up the concrete and then hardens and forms a solid mass. The need for water in concrete care is to soak it during the hardening process, however, not all types of water can be used. Peat swamp water is water that collects or flows within the peat swamp ecosystem. Peat swamps are a type of swamp formed from organic material accumulated over thousands of years. Silica fume is a material that contains SiO2 greater than 85% and is a very smooth, round material with a diameter of 1/100 the diameter of cement. The swamp water used in this research was taken from Jl. Rappokalling, Tallo District, Makassar City, South Sulawesi. Mix Design uses the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 03-2834-2000 method with a planned concrete quality (f'c) of 25 MPa. Compressive strength tests were performed on concrete that was 7 and 28 days old for split tensile strength, and on the 28-day old concrete for modulus of elasticity. The concrete's compressive strength ratings after 28 days in variations of immersion in normal water and peat swamp water are 25,842 MPa and 20,749 MPa. From the test results, it was found that the average split tensile strength value of concrete for variations in normal water immersion and peat swamp water was 2.545 MPa and 1.886 MPa. From the results of the modulus of elasticity test, it was found that the average concrete in normal water immersion and peat swamp water variations was 19893.961 MPa, and 17109.75 MPa.
Analyzing the Implications of the Growing Street Vendor Population in Gweru, Zimbabwe: A Risk Assessment
Authors:   Center for entrepreneurship and Innovation, Midlands State University, Bag 9055, Gweru, Maviya Arnold , Simbanegavi Yolanda R. ,   Department of Risk and Insurance, Midlands State University, Bag 9055, Gweru
Published: April 2024

This study investigates the consequences of the growing number of street vendors in Gweru, Zimbabwe, and offers a risk evaluation. The prominence of street vending can be attributed to several factors, including limited formal employment possibilities, poverty, inadequate education or skills, restricted job prospects, and exorbitant leasing expenses. The presence of restricted trading spaces also exerts a substantial influence. Although street selling is thought to have a positive effect on Zimbabwe’s economy, it is recognized that there are possible adverse consequences, such as noise pollution and overcrowding in public areas. Street selling is accompanied with several risks, such as concerns regarding sanitation, competition with established enterprises, traffic congestion, and potential safety dangers. In order to tackle these concerns, it is imperative for policymakers and urban planners in Gweru to enact efficacious laws and regulations that guarantee the establishment of secure, hygienic, and controlled street vending settings. It is essential to strike a balance between the requirements of various groups and to minimize any adverse effects. It is imperative to implement education and awareness initiatives aimed at promoting effective waste management practices. Gweru has the capacity to allocate specific areas for vending, enforce regulations regarding sanitation, control the quantity of traders and their operating hours, offer training and assistance to vendors, facilitate their transition into formal businesses, establish a structured market system, and engage in communication with the informal sector. This study highlights the significance of tackling the problems associated with street vending in order to promote sustainable development and enhance the quality of life for people. Efficient tactics are required to alleviate adverse consequences and foster a cohesive urban milieu.
Management of Neonatal Jaundice during Initial Health Care Visit
Authors:   Department of Child Health, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia, Octariyandra Syania Mega , Prihaningtyas Rendi Aji ,   Department of Child Health, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia, Setyoboedi Bagus ,   Department of Child Health, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia, Arief Sjamsul ,   Department of Child Health, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
Published: April 2024

Backgrounds: Cholestasis is a bile flow disorder resulting in liver bile retention. It is characterized by intrahepatic (IH) and extrahepatic (EH) cholestasis. Health workers are strategically placed to provide correct information in managing patients with cholestasis. This study aimed to assess the management of neonatal jaundice during initial health care visit. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on infants with cholestasis treated at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia. Questionnaires as data collection instruments were used. Statistical analysis was performed using Pearson's chi-square test. Results: Subjects consisted of 40 (58%) infants boys, 29 (42%) infants girls, IH cholestasis were 28 (41%), and EH cholestasis were 41 (59%). In both groups, most infants with cholestasis sought medical care between 0 and 1 month. Health workers stated that most subjects were underfed, as indicated by the 14 (20%) intrahepatic and 26 (38%) extrahepatic subjects. In this study, most infants with cholestasis were advised to get sun exposure. Sun exposure began at birth in 21 (30%) intrahepatic and 36 (52%) extrahepatic subjects. There were no significant differences based on underfeeding and sun exposure between the intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholestasis groups (p=0.268; p = 0.168). Conclusion: The management of neonatal jaundice among health workers regarding breastfeeding and sun exposure recommendations did not significantly differ between intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholestasis. Health workers require more knowledge about cholestasis infant management. Correct understanding improves cholestasis infants' outcomes.
The Influence of Personality and Job Embeddedness on Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) in the Management of the West Nusa Tenggara Provincial Zakat Agency (Baznas NTB)
Authors:   Management Study Porgram, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Mataram, Indonesia, Baiqhakiki Ahmad Ricky , Nurmayanti Siti ,   Management Study Porgram, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Mataram, Indonesia
Published: April 2024

OCB is a form of behavior that is an individual choice and initiative, which is not related to the organization's formal reward system but rather in aggregate increases organizational effectiveness. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of personality and job embeddedness on organizational citizenship behavior. This type of research is associative quantitative research. This research was conducted in West Nusa Tenggara, where the subject of the research was the Management of the Amil Zakat Agency of West Nusa Tenggara Province. The population in this study were all administrators of the NTB Provincial Amil Zakat Agency, which are 167 people using the 5% slovin formula, namely 117, after which the questionnaire was distributed and 100 questionnaires were returned. The data collection method used by researchers in this study is the survey method. The analysis used is regression analysis with the help of the Smart-PLS software program, which is a tool to predict the value of the influence of two or more independent variables on one dependent variable. The results of this research on personality variables have a positive and significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior. Therefore job embeddedness has a positive and significant effect on organizational citizenship behavior.
The Influence of Technology Acceptance on E-Commerce Behavior of Sociolla Users is Mediated by Behavioral Intentions (UTAUT 2 Testing Study)
Authors:   University of Merdeka Malang, Indonesia, Dewi Widia Ernandha , Khouroh Umu ,   University of Merdeka Malang, Indonesia, Natsir Mokh. ,   University of Merdeka Malang, Indonesia
Published: April 2024

This research aims to determine technology acceptance of behavior using e-commerce for Social users which is mediated by behavioral intention by testing UTAUT 2 (Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2). This research method uses a quantitative survey approach. The population in this research is all the people of Samarinda City who use Sociolla e-commerce. The sample was taken as many as 299 respondents. The data collection method used in this research is a questionnaire. The sample collection technique used was convenience sampling using Google Form for distributing questionnaires. The analysis technique uses Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) analysis with WarpPLS 7.0 software. The research results show that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence have no effect on behavioral intention in using Sociolla e-commerce. Facilitating conditions, hedonic motivation, price value, and habit have a positive and significant effect on behavioral intention in using Sociolla e-commerce. Facilitating conditions, habits, and behavioral intentions have a positive influence on use behavior in using social e-commerce in the city of Samarinda. Sociolla e-commerce users tend to behave automatically because they are used to it. The more frequently users use Sociolla e-commerce, the more spontaneously they will use it when making transactions or shopping online for beauty products.
Understanding the textbook: Reflections in the field of mathematics education
Authors: Mazzi Lucas Carato , Amaral Rúbia Barcelos , Perovano Ana Paula , Vieira Andrade Luciana
Published: April 2024

This theoretical essay presents reflections about the textbook (TB) as a material widely used in the teaching and learning of Mathematics, aiming to present a perspective on what constitutes a TB and the different roles it assumes in school practice. In this sense, we start from its understanding as a didactic, curricular, and school material to characterize it as a resource that is not neutral and central in disseminating formal knowledge that is the school’s responsibility. Therefore, it is a component of its culture. We emphasize that the use of this material in the classroom mobilizes its different roles, namely: curricular, ideological-cultural reference, source of theoretical and methodological knowledge and scientific dissemination, as well as the role of the teacher in this particular resource, highlighting his critical performance when using TB in classroom practice, either with a reproduction character, adaptation, or improvisation. We conjecture that properly articulating TB-related attributes will favour the teacher’s practice and assist in students’ learning, directing educational institutions to a work that achieves their main objectives.
ASSESSMENT OF THERMAL COMFORT IN A NATURALLY VENTILATED MECHANICAL WORKSHOP BUILDING USING CFD METHOD
Authors: Noman Fawaz Ahmed Ghaleb
Published: April 2024

In hot and humid climates thermal discomfort is a major problem to the occupants of many buildings especially when they are not equipped with an air-conditioning system. Thermal comfort is an essential requirement in most occupied spaces because it affects the productivity, health and thermal satisfaction of the occupants. Mechanical Workshops are considered as important buildings in Yemeni universities. They are places for the students and teachers to perform their researches and experiments activities. Most of the mechanical workshop buildings in countries with a hot and humid climate use a combination of natural ventilation and electrical fans that are commonly used to provide thermal comfort to the occupants. This paper presents a study on an assessment of the level of thermal comfort in the mechanical workshop building which is located in Faculty of engineering, university of Aden, Yemen using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The CFD method was conducted to predict the thermal comfort inside the workshop building. The level of thermal comfort inside the workshop building was found to be well outside the comfort limits as specified by ASHRAE standards. Therefore, an alternative ventilation method is needed to improve the thermal comfort inside the Mechanical Workshop building.
FLORISTIC COMPOSITION, LIFE-FORMS AND CHOROLOGY OF AL-MADLOOM MOUNTAIN, ADHALE DISTRICT, SOUTHERN YEMEN
Authors: Alhood Fuad Abdulla Nagi
Published: April 2024

The floristic composition, life form, and chorology were conducted in Al-Madloom mountain, Adhale, South of Yemen. The flora consisted of 159 plant species belonging to 111 genera and 46 families. Apocynaceae (12 genera; 19 species), Euphorbiaceae (eight genera; 14 species), and Acanthaceae (eight genera; 8 species) were the most dominant families in terms of species richness. The plants were classified into different life forms and Chorotypes after standard methods. Among the life forms, Chamaephytes 60 species (37.73%) were the dominant followed by Therophytes 47 species (29.55%), Phanerophytes 29 species (18.23%), Geophytes 15 species (9.43%), Hemicryptophytes six species (3.77%), while two species were Parasites (1.25%). From the Chorological point of view, the study revealed that the highest number of species  56 (35.22%) was recorded in the Su-Za Chorotype, followed by Cosmopolitan 20 species (12.57%), Endemic 18 species (11.32%) and ZU-ZA+SA-SI 16 species (10.06%). The Sudano-Zambenzian constitute 56 species, which means the flora of the study area belongs to the Sudanian region. The domination of Chamaephytes and Therophytes indicates that the investigated area is under deep biotic stress. Endemism in the study area is relatively significant, represented by 11.32% of the total flora collected from the study area, and these taxa were listed to be globally endangered.
Implicaciones médicas derivadas de la sentencia de la Corte Constitucional del Ecuador respecto de la eutanasia
Authors: Abad Arévalo Dana , Peñaherrera Toapaxi Daniel , Campos-Miño Santiag
Published: April 2024

La última sentencia dictada por la Corte Constitucional del Ecuador (en adelante CCE), mediante la cual resolvió una acción de inconstitucionalidad del artículo 144 del Código Orgánico Integral Penal (en adelante COIP), generó un encarnado debate en torno a la eutanasia y a los derechos fundamentales. En este fallo, la Corte resolvió declarar una constitucionalidad condicionada del prenombrado artículo y estableció circunstancias específicas en su aplicación, con énfasis en el área médica. El artículo 144 del COIP tipifica el homicidio simple. La CCE consideró que su contenido era constitucional siempre que no se sancione al médico que lleve a cabo la conducta descrita en el artículo 144 -dar muerte-, en el caso que una persona, expresando su consentimiento inequívoco, solicite acceder a un procedimiento de eutanasia activa debido a un sufrimiento intenso proveniente de una lesión grave e irreversible o una enfermedad incurable.
A case study on Ayurvedic management of Seborrhoeic Keratosis with special reference to Charmakeel
Authors: M Gabhane Shilpa , Sandip Waghmare , S Khade Sachin , Gopal Waghmare
Published: April 2024

Seborrheic keratosis is a typical, benign disorder that affects the ageing population. In Ayurveda it can be compared with Charmakeel which is one of the types of Kshudraroga.  Acharya Sushruta described several therapy methods such as the internal administration of medication, external application, and para-surgical techniques in the treatment of Charmakeel. In present case report 26 years old female patient visited in OPD complaining of two thick, black patches on right ankle joint with mild itching since 6 months. The case was diagnosed as Charmakeel. Patient was treated with Shamana Chikitsa Mahamanjishthadi kashay, Aarogyavardhini Vati, Punarnavadi mandur, PanchtiktaGhrut guggul as internal medication and Panchvalkaladi taila for local application. Treatment was given for two months and Shodhana Chikitsa (Raktamokshana by Jalauka) was carried out at every 15 days interval during treatment. Patient reported with significant results. Follow-up was taken upto 6 months and patient had no any complaints or recurrence. This case shows that Ayurveda can treat keratosis effectively and without any side effect.
Improvement of visual acuity in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy with Nimi Nirdishta Yoga- A case report
Authors: Bhat Pravin M , Bolke Priyanka
Published: April 2024

Ayurveda can serve in many disease conditions, whereas conventional systems face several limitations. Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is among such conditions, where effective management is becoming a challenge. Diabetic Retinopathy leads to visual disability and is one of the major complications of Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Currently available conventional treatments for DR have certain limitations; considering this fact, options from alternative resources are being searched. In Ayurveda, retinal diseases can be included in Drishtigata roga (~eye sight disorder) and DR can be correlated with Timir (~a class of morbid affections of the coats of the eye), as pathology of Timir is secondary to systemic Dosha Dushti (~vitiation of body humor) and DR can be considered as Pramehajanya Timir. A male patient of 61 years visited the Netra (ophthalmic) OPD complaining of defective distant and near vision for two months. Based upon the history of diabetes and clinical signs and symptoms, he was diagnosed with Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR) in both eyes.  The indirect ophthalmoscopy investigation was used to confirm the diagnosis. Nimi Nirdishta yoga which contains Triphala, Yashtimadhu (Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn.), and Ghrita was administered for one month daily at night with honey. At the end of one month, there was improvement noted in distant vision without glasses from 6/18 to 6/12 in the right eye and 6/9 to 6/6p in the left eye while near vision from N/8 to N/6 in both eyes with glasses. Indirect ophthalmoscopy revealed a reduction in exudates and hemorrhages. The observations reveal that Ayurvedic approaches are helpful in managing Diabetic Retinopathy.
Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions on application of Nagaradi Lepa - A Retrospective analysis
Authors: Kurikkal Haseena , Unnikrishnan Vidhya , Narayanan Manojkumar
Published: April 2024

Introduction: Cutaneous adverse drug reactions are among the most common types of drug hypersensitivity reactions. Although considered natural and safe, Ayurveda medicines can cause adverse reactions. This article highlights the cases of cutaneous adverse drug reactions possibly due to external application of Nagaradi lepa. Materials and Methods: This is an observational, retrospective and record based study conducted by analyzing the spontaneous reported ADR forms, caused by the external application of Nagaradi lepa, collected over a period of 12 months (April 2022 to March 2023) at Peripheral Pharmacovigilance Centre, VPSV Ayurveda College Kottakkal, Kerala. Results: During the period of one year, 3 cutaneous ADRs were reported due to external application of Nagaradi lepa. All the 3 cases fall under the category of Probable according to Naranjo’s ADR Probability scale. 2 cases were mild and 1 case was moderate in severity. All the 3 cases were recovered from ADR. Conclusion: Though under reporting, we may have to consider the possibility of Ayurvedic drugs to cause adverse drug reactions. Pharmacovigilance is an ongoing and continuous process. Reporting of ADR to Pharmacovigilance centers help to generate information on ADR related Ayurvedic formulations and also to prevent its recurrence.
Development of standard manufacturing process of Tryushanadya Lauha – An organo-metalic preparation
Authors: Swer Harlin , Wanjari Anita , Rathi Bharat , Kandalkar Utkarsha , Katore Anjali , Khanke Shubham
Published: April 2024

Tryushanadya Lauha (TL) is one of the herbo-mineral formulations in many Ayurvedic texts. Tryushanadya Lauha consists Loha Bhasma and Tryushana, which includes Pippali (Piper longum Linn), Maricha (Piper nigrum Linn), and Shunti (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), Cavya (Piper chaba Hunter), Citraka (Plumbago zeylanica Linn),  Bakuchi (Psoralea Corylifolia Linn), and  Lavana (salt), which includes Saindhava (Sodium chloride), Aubhida (sodium carbonate), Vida (Ammonium chloride), and Sauvarchala (Sodium sulphate). This study is an effort to develop the standard operating process for manufacturing of Loha Bhasma and Tryushanadya Lauha. As per the reference of Rasatarangini, Loha Bhasma (incinerated ash of iron) was prepared in three batches. The processing of Loha Bhasma (ash of iron) was performed by adopting, Shodhana (purification), a special heating process and Marana (incineration). For the process of Levigation decoction of Triphala was used. Puta (heating process) was given in Electric Muffle Furnace at a temperature of 500 0C. The percentage of loss was 49.9% after purification. During Loha Bhasma (incinerated ash of iron) preparation 14.7%loss and 85.3% gain were observed. This Loha Bhasma was used for the preparation of TL. During TL preparation, 0.6% loss was observed & 99.3% was obtained. This study will give the direction for the standard manufacturing process of Loha Bhasma (incinerated ash of iron) and Tryushanadya Lauha.
Assessment of in vitro diffusion of Chincha Lavan Taila: An Ayurveda medicated oil
Authors: Jibkate Bhagyashree , Rathi Bharat , Wanjari Anita , Pargaonkar Akshay
Published: April 2024

Medicated oils are used for external as well as internal administration to treat various disorders. In Ayurvedic literature Murchhana is a procedure carried out on crude oil as treatment to enhance properties of oil.  In this study, Chincha Lavan Taila a medicated formulation is prepared by two procedures Murchhita Chincha Lavan Taila (MCLT) and Amurchhita Chincha Lavan Taila (ACLT). This study aims to assess the in-vitro diffusion of Chincha Lavan Taila formulated by processed sesame oil and crude sesame oil. The in-vitro rate and extent of permeability of drug dosage forms are good markers to access the absorbance of the drug. The objective of this study is to evaluate the drug release of both oils by using in- vitro absorbance methodology of Franz diffusion cell apparatus. The in- vitro absorbance was studied in Franz diffusion cell apparatus at pH 3 and pH 8. The samples were collected and analysed under UV spectrophotometer to note absorbance of oil at different wavelength. It was noted that in the buffer solution of pH 8, there was maximum absorbance of all the samples. This experimental study shows that both formulations have well sustained absorption through gastrointestinal tract. The results indicate that the rate of absorption exhibited to be higher in MCLT compared to ACLT. This work helps to develop a new method to evaluate intestinal absorption and compare formulation for therapeutic efficacy and drug absorbance.