bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
FRANCE’S LATIN AMERICAN POLICY: EVOLUTION DURING THE YEAS OF THE FIFTH REPUBLIC
Authors: Chernega Vladimir
Published: September 2022

The article examines the evolution of the French foreign policy towards the Latin America in the period of the Fifth Republic. It is noted that this policy was uneven, because it depended on the preferences of each president who plays a major role in determining the country’s foreign policy priorities. Charles de Gaulle, in the framework of his policy of restoring the «greatness» France, attached great importance to political, economic and cultural ties with Latin America and made a very important personal contribution to building up such ties. Georges Pompidou and Valery Giscard d’Estaing did not show much interest towards the region, although they encouraged trade and economic exchanges with it, allowing to sell French goods there, and in return receive row materials and semi-finished products for their own industry. On the contrary, François Mitterrand developed political and cultural relations with the Latin America countries, with the focus on supporting the «progressive» forces and democratization processes. Jacques Chirac and Nicolas Sarkozy took a more pragmatic approach, but they did a lot to develop economic and political co-operation with the region both at the bilateral level and trough the EU. François Holland, who believed that the Latin America had a «great future», promoted the relations with it even more actively. At the same time, protecting the interests of French agricultural producers he practically blocked negotiations between the EU and the common market MERCOSUR on a free trade zone and association. Under Emmanuel Macron Latin America «dropped out» of French policy priorities, which led to the loss of the former dynamics of relations. The coronavirus pandemic has dealt a severe blow to mutual trade and economic exchanges. However, some prospects of enhancing co-operation still exist.
THE DIALOGUE OF THE FRG WITH LATIN AMERICA’ STATES: POLITICAL-MILITARY ASPECTS
Authors: Trunov Philipp
Published: September 2022

The article analyses the state of German bilateral relations with South America’ states in defense and security field. The decline in the dialogue between Germany and Latin America’ countries during the COVID-19 pandemic turned out to be more significant than in other regional areas . The key reason is the difficulties in strengthening German strategic positions on the continent in the second half of the 2010. The paper stresses the functional and geographical narrowness of German political and diplomatic opportunities. In the military sphere the cooperation was mainly reduced to the export of weapons produced in Germany. In its attempts to create strategic positions in South America official Berlin has traditionally focused on strengthening relations with Brazil. The factor of non-diversification of Germany’s regional contacts has been fully manifested in the situation of stagnation and degradation of German-Brazilian relations in the second half of the 2010-s. The reasons of it are not only the specificities of president J. Bolsonaro`s foreign policy, but also the fact that transition to the declared new levels of cooperation (strategic partnership since 2008, the launch of interstate consultations format in 2015) was not supported by a corresponding increase of the volumes of practical cooperation in the field of security and defense. In this context the author focuses on relaunching German-Brazilian bilateral relations as well as the FRG attempts to make dialogue with Argentine, Chile and Mexico more active. At the same time Berlin tries to increase efforts for ensuring peace in Columbia and for settlement of the situation around Venezuela. Failures in creating its own vaccine against COVID-19 did not allow Germany to use a potential «window of opportunity» in strengthening its strategic positions in Latin America.
Medical support for future large-scale combat operations
Authors: Tien Homer , Beckett Andrew
Published: September 2022

LAY SUMMARY

Assumptions for how the Canadian Armed Forces cares for injured soldiers on the battlefield may no longer hold true. Previous treatments were designed for counterinsurgency operations where Allied forces dominated the air and land during operations. However, the recent fighting in Ukraine highlights the need to develop a doctrine for pre-hospital care on the battlefield for large-scale combat operations. In these operations, modern weapons are extremely lethal, and the casualty rate is extremely high. This review examines the development of tactical combat casualty care and the assumptions behind its treatment algorithms. It suggests changes need to be made to better support Canadian soldiers if fighting in large-scale combat operations.
The first record of pectoral and pelvic fins deformity in the freshwater blenny Salaria fluviatilis (Pisces: Blenniidae) collected from Kızılırmak River, Turkey
Authors: Jawad L.A. , Güçlü S.S. , Gaffaroğlu M. , Ünal Karakuş S. , Karasu Ayata M.
Published: September 2022

The freshwater blenny Salaria fluviatilis (Asso y del Rio, 1801) is a freshwater species that favors demersal environments. Individuals of this species live in rivers and brooks of Europe, North Africa and Israel. Three specimens of S. fluviatilis (TL 80.82 mm, 60.98 mm and 64.14 mm) collected from Kızılırmak River – Kesikköprü Bridge, Turkey during July 2021 showed deformities in both pectoral and pelvic fins. Degeneration was noted in the pectoral fin rays particularly the last ventral two soft rays (soft ray no. 13 and 14 counting from dorsal to ventral). They also look smaller than those in the normal specimen do. The degeneration in the soft ray no. 13 is less severe than soft ray no. 14. The x-ray of the abnormal specimen showed no other pectoral fin rays were deformed and the pectoral girdle was normal. In both specimens of S. fluviatilis that showed pelvic fin rays degeneration, the whole left pelvic fin and the right pelvic fin were completely degenerated and no soft rays are present. The possible causative factors of these anomalies are discussed. Our finding highlights the need for closer monitoring of the freshwater environment and for the identification of the specific factor that caused these abnormalities.
Non-Ideal Philosophy as Methodology
Authors: Hänel Hilkje C. , Müller Johanna M.
Published: September 2022

This article argues that non-ideal theory is distinctive in its use of a certain methodology which is prior to specific topics (such as injustice, oppression, etc.), grounded in the idea of socially situated knowledge, and able to address ideological situatedness. Drawing on standpoint epistemology, we show that one’s social position within given power structures has implications for knowledge acquisition and that being in a vulnerable or marginalised position can be advantageous to knowledge acquisition. Following ideology critique, we argue that both marginalised and powerful social positions are embedded within a given ideology. As ideology is more than a mere set of attitudes or beliefs that social agents endorse or resist, situated agents and theorists cannot develop normative criteria that are not themselves situated. Hence, non-ideal theory has to be equipped with methods that are likely to make this situatedness visible. We close by presenting some diverse methods that already do so.
Does the Air Quality Benefit from Lockdown Policy? Evidence from Major Cities in China
Authors: Xiao Bo , Yin Wei , Zhu Zheyi
Published: September 2022

The lockdown policy, resulted from the fight against the spread of Covid-19, offers a unique chance to test the effect of urban human activities on air quality. The study employs the event study method to analyze data on air quality (particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and Air Quality Index (AQI)) levels and economic activity (vehicle sales growth, construction area, industrial added value, crude oil production) from 31 major cities across China. It aims to examine whether the lockdown event affects economic activities, which in turn has an effect on air quality. The findings suggest that the lockdown has a significant positive effect on air quality nationwide. The air quality has been greatly improved during the lockdown period. The placebo test verifies that when there is no lockdown, the changes in air quality over the same period are smaller. The study results will help understand the factors of economic activity that have a significant impact on air quality during the lockdown period and provide a reference for the government to formulate corresponding air pollution control measures.
Research on Modularization of Prefabricated Affordable Housing in Zhengzhou Based on the Concept of Sustainable Development
Authors: Liu Shuzhan , Liu Qianwei , Zhang Minhao
Published: September 2022

With the rapid development of the global economy, energy resources and environmental problems continue to deteriorate. As an industry with high energy consumption, the sustainable development of the construction industry is vital. Prefabricated housing can overcome the disadvantages of traditional construction methods such as long construction periods, low production efficiency, low engineering quality and safety, and achieve the sustainable development construction goals of fast construction, safety and durability, low carbon and environmental protection. However, it also has a series of development bottlenecks such as high production costs and low prefabrication rates. Based on the Zhengzhou prefabricated affordable housing design project, this paper studies the modularization of prefabricated affordable housing, and combines the green building technology, comprehensively evaluating the sunshine, lighting, ventilation and other indicators of the space. The modular coordination system that can be used for the design of prefabricated affordable housing is screened out, in order to effectively promote the green and sustainable development of affordable housing construction.
Influence of Grain Size on Tensile and Stress Rupture Behavior of an Advanced Wrought Ni-Based Superalloy
Authors: Yu Ang , Li Xinxu , Jia Chonglin , Jiang Zhouhua
Published: September 2022

In this study, the tensile and stress rupture behavior were investigated on GH4151 alloy with different grain sizes. The test samples were obtained from turbine disk with different positions. The analysis of micro-structure, grain size, and fracture morphology were carried out by several typical characteristics way, indicating that the influence of grain size on tensile and stress rupture behavior is mainly affected by the number of grain boundary, which affects tensile and stress rupture behavior of the GH4151 superalloy. The tensile strength of fine-grained specimens are higher than tensile strength of coarse-grained specimens, and so is the plasticity. At the same test condition, stress rupture life reduced from 82.5 h to 33.5 h as the grain size decreased from 22.3 μm to 11.1 μm, which decreased by 59.4%. Moreover, the elongation rate increased from 6.60 % to 25.48 % as the grain size decreased, which increased by 286%.
Evaluation of a preventive efficacy for a new anthelminthic drug Supramil® tablets regarding heartworm disease in dogs
Authors: Shinkarenko Aleksandr , Kamenov Konstantin , Mukaseev Sergey , Zeynalov Orhan
Published: September 2022

There was studied an effectiveness of the new anthelmintic drug Supramil® tablets for prevention of dirofilariasis in dogs. With a monthly treatment of dogs free from larvae of Dirofilaria spp. with the drug Supramil® tablets, used at dose of 0.5 mg / kg on a body weight according to milbemycin oxime, in a region unfavorable for dirofilariasis, the preventive effectiveness of the drug was 100 %.

Monthly control of microfilariaemia, carried out before each drug treatment, showed an absence of larvae of Dirofilaria spp. in peripheral blood of 100% of experimental animals, which indicates not only high preventive efficacy of the drug, but also its prolonged microfilaricidal action and a possibility to use it for prevention of dirofilariasis with an interval of 28…35 days.

Thus, Supramil® tablets are highly effective to prevent dirofilariasis in disadvantaged regions.
Marinalardaki Yiyecek-İçecek İşletmelerinin Tüketici Tercihlerine Yönelik Görgül Bir Araştırma
Authors: SARIOĞLAN Mehmet , BAŞTÜRK Hilal
Published: September 2022

Çalışmanın araştırma konusu olan marinalarda faaliyet gösteren yiyecek-içecek işletmelerinin ülke ve bölgenin sosyo-ekonomik açıdan kalkındırılmasında önemli kriterlerden birisi olması sebebiyle günümüzde üzerinde detaylı bir şekilde çalışılması gereken bir alan olarak nitelendirilebilir. Bu sebeple ülkemizde ve Dünya’da önemli ödüllere sahip ve önemli marka, gurme restoran, bar, kafe ve kulüpleri bünyesinde bulunduran marina işletmelerinden birisi olan Yalıkavak Marina çalışma alanı olarak seçilmiştir. Araştırma kapsamında, marinalarda faaliyet gösteren yiyecek-içecek işletmelerinde tüketici tercihlerini etkiyen faktörler tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan veriler anket yöntemi ile elde edilmiş olup, istatistiksel analizlerle test edilmiştir. Çalışmada, elde edilen veriler ışığında marinalarda faaliyet gösteren yiyecek-içecek işletmelerinde tüketici tercihlerini etkileyen faktörlerin demografik özelliklere bağlı olarak farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca yiyecek-içecek işletmelerini tercih etmelerinde yiyecek ve içecek değerlendirmesi açısından yiyecek-içeceklerin besleyici olmasının en önemli faktör olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bununla birlikte yiyecek-içeceklerin lezzetli olmasının ve servis edilen içeceklerin farklı damak tatlarına hitap edecek şekilde çeşitlilik göstermesinin bireylerin bu işletmeleri tercih etmelerinde yiyecek-içeceklerin değerlendirilmesi açısından önem arz eden diğer faktörlerden olduğu belirlenmiştir.
EVALUASI PEMBELAJARAN KOLABORATIF MELALUI CREDIT TRANSFER DAN CULTURAL EXCHANGE INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Arsyad M. Fahmi , Ratnasari Devi , Ayutia Yolla , Mulyani Haniva , Sitorus Sarah
Published: September 2022

Merdeka Learning Merdeka Campus aims to encourage students to master various fields of science with their fields of expertise, MBKM can provide opportunities for students to gain new learning experiences at other universities in accordance with their study programs so that the graduates produced can meet market demands work both at national and international levels so that the learning process in higher education becomes more autonomous and flexible. The Faculty of Transportation and Logistics Engineering at ITL Trisakti has a credit transfer and cultural exchange program with UniKL MIDI in Malaysia, this program is one of the implementations of the MBKM pre-program at the ITL Trisakti campus, this program was attended by 62 participants from the Environmental Infrastructure Engineering study program ( RIL). As many as 80.7% are interested in participating in the internationalization program in the future, from these data it can be concluded that internationalization activities can increase social networking and knowledge for participants. This research serves to see the extent to which the implementation of MBKM in this case Credit Transfer and Cultural Exchange has been implemented, and to identify any shortcomings that arise from these activities, so that in the future it can become input for the ranks of ITL Trisakti and the Ministry of Education, Culture, Research and Technology. in the implementation of the MBKM program. The author uses quantitative descriptive research methods in assessing the level of participant satisfaction.
Characterization of High-Pressure Fuel Hose with Braided Reinforcement
Authors: ERTEKİN Mustafa , ERTEKİN Gözde , BAKİLER Gökçe , SEÇKİN İŞCAN İrem , ERDEN Seçkin
Published: September 2022

This study aims to investigate the effect of material type and braiding angle on the performance characteristics of the reinforced multi-layered hose, to manufacture a high-pressure fuel hose. For this purpose, NBR (Acrylo-Nitrile Butadiene rubber)/CPE (chlorinated polyethylene) fuel hose was manufactured using a single-screw extruder and for the production of the reinforcement layer, braiding technology was used. With an attempt to discuss the effect of braiding angle on the performance characteristics of the reinforced multi-layered hose, the speed of the radial braiding machine was altered. E-glass, aramid, carbon, polyester, and basalt yarns were used for the production of the braided layer. Then CPE (chlorinated polyethylene) rubber was extruded for the cover application. Performance properties of the fuel hose such as hardness, ply adhesion, vacuum collapse bursting pressure, and diametric expansion were measured and evaluated according to the requirements of the related standards. The results revealed that, with increased braiding speed, ply adhesion, vacuum collapse, and diametric expansion properties of hoses increase, while hardness, permanent deformation, and bursting pressure of hoses decrease. It has been determined that NBR/Basalt/CPE fuel hose produced in 4m/min braiding speed provided optimum functional and adhesion properties, because of its hardness, permanent deformation, bursting, and vacuum test values at 25°C are within the limit. Additionally, the results were verified by running finite element analysis (FEA) using the ANSYS simulation program.
Balancing The Shirt Production Line Under Different Operational Constraints Using An Integer Programming Model
Authors: TOPALOĞLU YILDIZ Şeyda , KARABAY Gülseren
Published: September 2022

Efficient use of capacity is significant to enable apparel businesses to work cost-effectively and provide timely service to their customers. The increase in assembly-line efficiency is associated with lower operating costs. Therefore, the main purpose of balancing assembly lines is to manufacture products as profitable and as quickly as possible. In this study, we consider a single-model assembly line balancing problem with workforce and machine constraints in the sewing department of an apparel company. We develop an integer programming (IP) model to optimally balance the shirt production line, considering parallel machines in each stage of the line and various operational constraints such as cycle time and precedence constraints, task machine eligibility, the number of operators available. The IP model can either minimize the number of open workstations or both, minimize the number of open workstations and assign tasks in subassembly parts as close to each other as possible. The model has been run under various scenarios using LINGO 15.0 optimization software. Additionally, we have balanced the shirt production line using the Ranked Positional Weight Method (RPWM). The IP model outperforms the RPWM results across all scenarios and finds 33 stations and 86.8% efficiency compared to 38 stations and 75.4% balance efficiency with the RPWM.
Usage of 3D Printed Polylactic Acid as a Core Material in Forming of Carbon Fiber Fabric Composite
Authors: KAYA Onur , GÜMÜŞ Ömer Yunus , KÜÇÜK İsrafil , ASLAN Serdar
Published: September 2022

The weak bonds between the layers of a part produced by the Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) method causes damage at an early stage. To overcome the strength problem, FDM parts are manufactured with engineering thermoplastics or reinforced with carbon/glass fiber. Although these studies provided partial improvement on the mechanical strength of the part, the bond strength between the layers was not significantly improved. In this study, we aimed to reduce the negative effect of the weakness in the interlayer bond strength on the strength of the final part. Therefore, a composite laminate was applied on a polylactic acid (PLA) core produced by the FDM method. Weight measurement, tensile test, three-point bending test and weight drop test were performed on the produced test samples. Tensile and bending test results indicates that the composite layer applied on the core produced by the FDM method has a positive effect on the mechanical strength and bending properties. It is concluded that the study will be a source for future research on moldless composite production.
Conformación de modelos oposicionales de intervención múltiple en medios independientes cubanos: Periodismo de Barrio y El Estornudo
Authors: Somohano Fernandez Abel
Published: September 2022

El artículo parte del objetivo de analizar el modo en que se manifiestan las condiciones de producción periodística en medios independientes cubanos en modelos de referencia del ejercicio profesional. Se asumieron referentes teórico-conceptuales para su estudio en los niveles transnacional, de estructura y normatividad, de relacionamiento extramediático, operativo-organizacional e individual. Se partió de entrevistas en profundidad a profesionales de los medios y de investigación documental. Se argumenta que en los medios analizados se generan modelos oposicionales de intervención múltiple.
Implicit attitudes toward psychotherapy and explicit barriers to accessing psychotherapy in youths and parent–youth dyads
Authors: Pfeiffer Simone , Huffer Ashley , Feil Anna , In-Albon Tina
Published: September 2022

Background

Few studies have investigated implicit and explicit attitudes toward psychotherapy in youths (Study 1), although information about attitudes would improve interventions that aim to decrease barriers to accessing psychotherapy including parents (Study 2), who facilitate the help-seeking process of youths.

Method

The Study 1 sample comprised 96 youths (14–21 years) and the Study 2 sample 38 parent–youth dyads. Differences in implicit attitudes regarding psychotherapy and a medical treatment were measured with the Implicit Association Test, and psychotherapy knowledge and self-reported barriers to psychotherapy were assessed with questionnaires. The actor-partner interdependence model was used to test the dyadic effects of implicit attitudes on explicit attitudes in parents and youths.

Results

We did not find evidence for an implicit bias toward psychotherapy compared to a medical treatment, neither in youths, nor in parents. Self-reported barriers were a predictor for lower help-seeking intentions. Deficits in psychotherapy knowledge were more relevant in younger participants. Having a prior or current experience with psychotherapy and having a friend or family member with a prior or current experience with psychotherapy were predictors for better psychotherapy knowledge, but was not for lower barriers to accessing psychotherapy. Partner effects (degree to which the individual’s implicit attitudes are associated with explicit attitudes of the other dyad’s member) were not found.

Conclusion

Specific deficits in psychotherapy knowledge should be addressed in interventions to lower barriers accessing psychotherapy. Parents should be included in interventions as a valuable resource to support youths in seeking psychotherapy for mental disorders.
The impact of osteopathic correction on the life quality of pregnant women
Authors: Nenashkina E. N.
Published: September 2022

Introduction. The development of pregnancy is accompanied by a number of regular structural and functional changes in a woman′s body, which, in turn, can both reduce the level of life quality and serve as a background or a cause for the formation of somatic dysfunctions, the level of manifestation and severity of which depend on the compensatory capabilities of the female body. Therefore during this period a woman needs to ensure a high level of life quality. At the present stage the pregnancy′s support dictates the need to use an integrated approach to solving the issues of preventing the development of complications during pregnancy, as well as reducing perinatal risks for the mother and fetus. At the same time, issues of the life quality of pregnant women are often not given due attention. This dictates the need to search for methods (primarily non-drug) that contribute to improving the life quality.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of osteopathic correction on the life quality of pregnant women.

Materials and methods. A prospective controlled randomized study conducted in the period from 03.2018 to 03.2022 on the basis of the Mokhov Institute of Osteopathy LLC Medical Clinic included 90 somatically healthy pregnant women aged 25–45 years, whose gestation period was 13–27 weeks. All pregnant women, depending on the used correction technique, were divided by a randomization envelopes method into three groups: the main (30 people), control (30 people) and comparison group (30 people). The patients of the main group received osteopathic correction (3 procedures with an interval of 10–14 days). The control group patients used physical exercises 2 times a week for 1,5 months as prescribed by a physical therapy doctor. The patients of the third group were dynamically monitored. Before and after the correction an osteopathic examination of all pregnant women was conducted with the formation of an osteopathic conclusion, and also their life quality was assessed according to the criteria of the SF-36 questionnaire.

Results. For pregnant women, as the pregnancy period increases, a decrease in both the physical and psychological components of the life quality is characteristic. In the main group, compared with the control group, after osteopathic correction, there was a statistically signiﬁcant increase in the indicators of the physical and psychological components of the life quality (p=0,0024). The use of physical therapy exercises by healthy pregnant women leads to the fact that quality of life indicators tend to increase as pregnancy progresses.

Conclusion. The development of pregnancy is accompanied by a number of regular structural and functional changes in a woman′s body, which in turn can reduce the quality of life. The use of osteopathic correction during pregnancy makes it possible to improve the life quality of pregnant women, and so it can be used to improve medical care for this contingent of the population.
Modern approaches to osteopathic diagnostics, its theoretical and practical foundations
Authors: Mokhov D. E. , Potekhina Yu. P. , Gurichev A. A.
Published: September 2022

The article presents the main osteopathic tests that allow identifying and differentiating biomechanical, hydrodynamic and neurodynamic components of somatic dysfunctions and choosing adequate techniques for osteopathic correction. For each test, an anatomical and physiological justifi cation is given and the principle of its implementation is described.
A Study on the Causes of the Decline of Ginseng Cultivation in Japan
Authors:   Korea Association of World History and Culture, Koh Seung-Tae
Published: September 2022

In Japan, where ginseng did not grow naturally, ginseng seeds obtained from Joseon were sown in Nikkozan fields according to Bakufu's plan, which resulted in success of ginseng cultivation. Bakufu supplied for the domestic demand by establishing both governmental and private cultivation system for the expanded cultivation of Otane ginseng(Joseon ginseng). In addition, large quantities of white and red ginseng were exported to the Qing Dynasty, that at one time, ginseng cultivation was so prosperous that it ranked 13th among Japanese exports. However, entering the Showa era after the Meiji Restoration, ginseng cultivation began to decline, and ginseng lost its value in the Japanese agricultural industry. In this study, the causes of the decline of the Japanese ginseng industry including the influence of Joseon ginseng on the Japanese ginseng industry were investigated. The main reasons for the decline of ginseng cultivation in Japan were its modernization policy, and failure to increase the value of Japanese ginseng. At the time, price competition in Japan’s ginseng industry was intensified due to the absence of a function to control supply and demand for production. Accordingly, as ginseng was processed mainly for low-end products, it was not possible to gain an edge in price competitiveness. In addition, after the Meiji Restoration, as the market for traditional herbal medicines decreased due to the modernization policy of introducing western medicines, Japanese ginseng cultivation finally entered the path of decline.
A Study on the Policy for Making Democratic National Culture in North Korea Immediately After Liberation
Authors:   Korea Association of World History and Culture, Ryu Seung-Ju
Published: September 2022

This Paper examined the discussions related to making national culture in Seoul and Pyongyang immediately after liberation, and the policy for making democratic national culture of North Korea.
Immediately after liberation, left-wing theorists are criticized the chauvinistic view of culture that respects tradition as an obstacle to democracy and social change and risked distorting history and inducing fascism. They insisted on the rejection of national tradition. Cultural figures and communists of North Korea expressed a similar view of culture. However, there were settled more nationalistic model on construction of national culture, in the reality of establishing a people's democratic regime in North Korea.
North Korea's policy of democratic national culture had three principles: realizing democratic ideas in the realm of culture, inheriting national cultural traditions, and introducing advanced foreign cultures. North Korea had laid the foundation for the establishment of the national culture by systematically promoting the literary and artistic project, the compilation of national history and language, and the preservation of historic sites.
An Analysis of Theology of Inclusion for the Society in Theology of John Calvin
Authors:   Korea Association of World History and Culture, Sohn Soo-Ho
Published: September 2022

This present study explores theology of John Calvin’s social engagement in terms of its social inclusivism. Historically, Calvinism has been known as developed strict reformed tradition which led its relation to the society in dualistic conflict. However, John Calvin’s Geneva Reform clearly showed that his reformation has developed in the idea of mutual relation between the Church and the Society. Calvin underscored the Christian consecration of the Church, and socially practiced the embrace of gospel in order to prevent any form of discrimination and prejudice. Calvin’s inclusive dualism served as an outstanding theological reflection that shows what kind of attitude Calvinism should take toward society. The distinctive of Calvin’s theology has been developed as more contemporary Reformed theology through the works of Abraham Kuyper. In his book “Lectures on Calvinism”(1898), he provided the new value of Calvinism which can be identified as a system of holistic human life. It offered the social inclusion of theology that helps to reorganize historical Calvinism in order to meet the demands of the future era.
A Study on the Balance of Transformation in Poland over 30 Years: Focusing on the Transition to Market Economy and Economic Development
Authors:   Korea Association of World History and Culture, Kim Yong-Deog
Published: September 2022

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the economic, social, and political changes in Poland over the past 30 years since the transformation in 1989, and at the same time to examine the biggest challenges that Poland has to solve in the short and medium term. In making this assessment, various indices and figures are referenced as The Heritage Foundation and The Wall Street Journal for the transformation, the European Bank of Reconstruction and Development for the transition to market economy and economic freedom, and the Gross Domestic Product(GDP) and GDP per capita for economic development. Based on the results of the basic analysis presented in this paper, including comparisons with France, Romania, Germany, the United States and the Visegrad Group countries, it was possible to conclude that the results of the Polish transformation over 30 years were positive. The achievements and success of Poland after the transformation, so-called Third Republic were even compared to ‘the glorious thirty years’ in the history of post-war Western Europe. In conclusion, it seems that the success of Poland’s economic development over the medium and short-term will depend on the quality improvement and improvement of existing system and orders, respect for democratic laws and principles, and how to avoid the middle-income country trap.
JUDICIAL CONTROL OVER CRIMINALLY REMEDIAL MEASURES OF RESTRICTION IN KAZAKHSTAN:
ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF A DRAFT LAW OF A NEW THREE-TIER MODEL
Authors: Kulbaeva Maya
Published: September 2022

The article considers judicial and other guarantees in the selection, authorisation, and application of such criminally remedial measures of pre-trial restriction as detention (or arrest), home confinement, and bail. These limit the constitutional rights and freedoms of the suspect and are authorised by the investigating judge. The authors analyse the legislative regulation, legal statistics, and judicial authorisation of these preventive measures. They also demonstrate the ambiguous use of bail in the period before its transfer to judicial control. In order to increase its effectiveness and reduce the number of prisoners, it is proposed to separate property surety from bail and make it an independent measure of restraint, similar to the US experience regarding commercial surety, and change the current procedure for replacing detention with bail. The article deals with the issue of strengthening the control functions of the investigating judge when authorising home confinement as a preventive measure. In particular, the authors analyse the draft Law ‘On amendments and Additions to Some Legislative Acts of the Republic of Kazakhstan on optimisation of criminal legislation with simultaneous correction of the Criminal Procedure and Penal Enforcement Codes’ and offer their vision of further development of the norms of criminal procedure legislation of the Republic of Kazakhstan on judicial control.
The authors propose to narrow the limits established by law for the application of various legal restrictions infringing on the rights and legitimate interests of suspects and preserve them only to the extent necessary to solve the public tasks of criminal proceedings.
PENGUATAN DASAR NEGARA MELALUI PENYULUHAN PANCASILA PADA MAHASISWA
Authors: Adityo Rayno Dwi
Published: September 2022

The attempt of removes Pancasila as a basis of Indonesian still continued and almost being targeting every element of society. The target households was not the just general public like before, but those young generations such  as academicians like college students. Therefore, in this community devotion programe, the hightlights is on counseling Pancasila in an effort to strengthen the state foundation for college students. A method of implementation of the devotion adopting counseling with a pattern discourse or dialogue. The results of the activity have added to the insight of student participants about the dynamics of the history of Pancasila from multiple perspectives, marked by the active response of students during the discussion process. Increasing the basics of Pancasila as a meeting point with the children of the nation's, there is concern that Pancasila as the basis of the state in its implementation has not been maximized so that it still requires the role of every citizen to socialization. Realizing the importance of understanding Pancasila returned to its citizens. In conclusion, counseling on strengthening the basis of the state is important and is carried out with various perspectives so that it can add to the public's knowledge of the importance of Pancasila and show that awareness of Pancasila cultivation has not been maximized so it requires the participation of all to continued so might Pancasila relevant all off the time.
PERAN PEMERINTAH DESA DALAM PELAYANAN KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DI DESA SUKAJAYA KECAMATAN CIBITUNG KABUPATEN BEKASI
Authors: Inayati Ifa , Nuraini Siti
Published: September 2022

As a legal community unit, the village has the power to regulate and manage its own household, including in realizing health services to improve the quality of health in the community. In health services, it is driven by several sub-systems, such as services for pregnant women, infant health, children and others. The linkage between these sub-systems is interesting to study because changes in one sub-system will have an impact on other sub-systems of the system as a whole. The study is increasingly interesting because in the case of health services, it is still not optimal. This study was conducted to analyze the quality of public health services in Sukajaya village in 2020. With such a goal, the research approach used was qualitative research and data collection techniques through interviews, documentation, and observation. The results show that the sub-systems in health services in Sukajaya village can work and support each other. This can be seen from the implementation of several health service programs in accordance with the regulations set by the state so that in general public health can run well.
First Aid Knowledge level and Awareness of Some Dental Hygiene Student's
Authors:   The Korean Society of Oral Health Science, Yoon Jung-Ae
Published: September 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to improve students' ability to cope with emergency situations in clinical settings by examining students' knowledge level and awareness level on dental hygiene and first aid.
Methods: A survey was conducted on the self-assessment 207 students from first, second, and third grades in the Department of Dental Hygiene.
Results: Dental hygiene students’ The knowledge level of first aid knowledge of dental hygiene students was low, but and their awareness of the necessity of first aid education was high.
Conclusions: Therefore, it is judged that this study will serve as basic data for the development of first aid education programs.
The Relationship between Job Stress and Physical, Psychological, Social Health and Life Quality of Dental Hygienists
Authors:   The Korean Society of Oral Health Science, Choi Gyu-Yil , Nam Ji-Ae , Yun Hyun-Kyung
Published: September 2022

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to establish a plan for improving the quality of life by reducing job stress of dental hygienists by identifying the effects of job stress, physical, social health, and life quality of dental hygienists.
Methods: The questionnaire was collected by the individual self-report method.
Results: First, it was found that the lower the self-development stress, the better the social health. Second, it was found that the lower the work stress, the better the psychological health. Third, it was found that the lower the work stress, the better the health in the living environment area.
Conclusions: Treatment of dental hygienists needs to be improved in terms of working environment and remuneration, and job satisfaction also affects turnover intention.
A Case Study on the Availability of Role Playing in Dental Communication Education
Authors:   The Korean Society of Oral Health Science, Choi Yong-Keum , Park Hyang-Ah , Yun Ji-Hye
Published: September 2022

Objectives: This study was conducted to confirm the applicability of role paly as a learning method to improve dental hygiene communication competency.
Methods: A quantitative survey was conducted by filling out a questionnaire to evaluate the role play as a learning tool. Qualitative analysis was performed on the students' role-play learning experiences using a reflection journal. Statistical significance was at p<0.05 level.
Results: It was found that there was positive correlation(Rs=0.585) between role play class recognition and learning competency achievement (p<0.001).
Conclusions: The role play class can be effectively used as a learning method for strengthening communication competency in dental hygiene.
Association of Health Behavior, Physical Activity, Health Related Quality of Life and Sleep Duration in Korean Adults: Based on The 8th 2019-2020 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
Authors:   The Korean Society of Oral Health Science, Park Jung-Hoon
Published: September 2022

Objectives: This study was to examine association of health behavior, physical activity, health related quality of life and sleep duration in korean adults.
Methods: The analysis was conducted on 11,266 of adults aged 19 and over from the national health and nutrition examination survey for two years from 2019 to 2020. Association of health behavior(self-rated health, smoking, alcohol drinking and stress perception), physical activity(walking excercisem, muscle excercise), health-related quality of life and sleep duration was analyzed with χ 2-test and binominal logistic regression analysis using SPSS 22.0.
Results: Factors related to adult sleep duration were self-rated health(p<0.001) and stress perception(p<0.001). Also, the group that got adequate sleep had higher health-related quality of life scores than the group that did not(p<0.001).
Conclusions: These results suggest that sleep duration is closely related to self-rated health, stress perception and health-related quality of life, which will be able to used as basic data for developing quality of sleep improvement programs for adults.
Mechanical Properties and Biocompatibility of Polycarboxylate Cement(PCC) after the Addition of Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate(β-TCP) in Various Ratio
Authors:   The Korean Society of Oral Health Science, Kim Dong-Ae , Jun Soo-Kyung
Published: September 2022

Objectives: The optimal concentration ratio is studied by synthesizing beta-tricalcium phosphate(β-TCP) with commercial polycarboxylate cement with different concentration ratios, and the strength improvement of polycarboxylate cement, bioactivity assay and cytotoxicity assessments.
Methods: Polycarboxylate cement was used. The produced β-TCP was calculated as a weight ratio (wt%) and 5%, 10%, and 20% were added, and then specimens for various mechanical evaluation, bioactivity, and cytotoxicity evaluation were produced.
Results: As β-TCP content increased, setting time increased. And, compressive strength and Vickers hardness increased. In addition, seven days after putting it in the SBF solution, apatite was observed on the surface.
Conclusions: Therefore, these results suggest that amount of β-TCP in polycarboxylate cement increased, mechanical properties improved and bioactivity increased.
Evaluation of Phenolic and Antioxidant Activities in Honey Samples Collected from Apis mellifera Colonies
Authors: Singh Rajpoot Gajendra
Published: September 2022

Honey is a natural food product produced when the nectar and sweet deposits from plants are gathered, modified and stored in the honeycomb by honey bees. From ancient times honey has been used in therapeutic purposes especially in cough, colds, skin wounds and various gastrointestinal diseases. In this study multifloral honey samples were investigated in order to assess their total phenolic content by Folin-Ciocalteau method and their potential antioxidant activity by 2,2 diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and ABTS free radical scavenging methods. Results of this study revealed that all honey samples possess total phenolic and antioxidant activity irrespective of climatic or floral variation.
Determination of Heavy Metal Concentrations in Aquatic Animals from Ennore Estuary
Authors: Mitha C. Mathu , Raj V. Mohan , George V. Susan , Sangeetha R.
Published: September 2022

Heavy metals are being utilized in a variety of ways in industries, agriculture, food processing and household. Metals are unique environmental and industrial pollutants in the sense that they are neither created nor destroyed by human beings but are only transported and transformed into various products. The present study deals with the findings of various investigators on the effect of heavy metal accumulation such as Copper, Iron, Zinc, Manganese and Nickel on the important seafood’s consumed by humans like fish, shrimp, crab, mussel and lobster collected from Ennore estuary. The result showed that the essential heavy metals are within the permissible limit except a few. In view of importance of fish nutrition and human health, it is necessary to maintain regular biological monitoring of the Ennore estuary waters and aquatic animals to ensure the continuing safety consumption of seafood.
Learning Management System Using Scorm and iSpring Free on Physics Learning
Authors: Setiawan Aep , Zuhri Mahfuddin , Zhang Yakin
Published: September 2022

This study aims to use a learning management system (LMS) as learning media by using SCORM and iSpring free. This research used the ADDIE Model, which consists of 5 stages: Analysis, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate. The ADDIE method facilitates the process of making learning media. The online learning process using LMS helps students to make good use of technology. Using SCORM and iSpring free in LMS helps students easily access material and do quizzes without time and location limits. Learning materials and quizzes using SCORM and iSpring 9 free are successfully created.
HER2 status of CTCs by peptide-functionalized nanoparticles as the diagnostic biomarker of breast cancer and predicting the efficacy of anti-HER2 treatment
Authors: Wang Mengting , Liu Yaxin , Shao Bin , Liu Xiaoran , Hu Zhiyuan , Wang Chen , Li Huiping , Zhu Ling , Li Ping , Yang Yanlian
Published: September 2022

Efficacy of anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) treatment is impacted by tissue-based evaluation bias due to tumor heterogeneity and dynamic changes of HER2 in breast cancer. Circulating tumor cell (CTC)-based HER2 phenotyping provides integral and real-time assessment, benefiting accurate HER2 diagnosis. This study developed a semi-quantitative fluorescent evaluation system of HER2 immunostaining on CTCs by peptide-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (Pep@MNPs) and immunocytochemistry (ICC). 52 newly-diagnosed advanced breast cancer patients were enrolled for blood samples before and/or after first-line treatment, including 24 patients who were diagnosed with HER2+ tumors and treated with anti-HER2 drugs. We enumerated CTCs and assessed levels of HER2 expression on CTCs in 2.0 ml whole blood. Enumerating CTCs at baseline could distinguish cancer patients (sensitivity, 69.2%; specificity, 100%). 80.8% (42/52) of patients had at least one CTCs before therapy. Patients with <3 CTCs at baseline had significantly longer progression-free survival (medians, 19.4 vs. 9.2 months; log-rank p = 0.046) and overall survival (medians, not yet reached; log-rank p = 0.049) than those with ≥3 CTCs. Both HER2+ and HER2-low patients could be detected with HER2 overexpression on CTCs (CTC-HER2+) (52.6%, 44.4%, respectively), whereas all the HER2-negative patients had no CTC-HER2+ phenotype. Among HER2+ patients with ≥3 CTCs at baseline, objective response only appeared in pretherapeutic CTC-HER2+ cohort (60.0%), rather than in CTC-HER2– cohort (0.0%) (p = 0.034). In conclusion, we demonstrate the significance of CTC enumeration in diagnosis and prognosis of first-line advanced breast cancer, and highlight the value of CTC-HER2 status in predicting efficacy of anti-HER2 treatment.