bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessing Household’s Food Security in Patarasi Rural Municipality of Jumla District of Karnali Province, Nepal
Authors: Kharel Suman , Marahatta Deepak , Limbu Bhanu
Published: December 2021

Food security in mountain areas has always been a matter of concern. The purpose of this study is to examine the food security situation and coping strategies in rural households in a mountain area. Following the descriptive research approach, data is collected through implying household survey, semi-structured interview, and observation method. The food security situation is analyzed through four dimensions of food security: food availability, access to food, utilization of food, and stability. The result shows households depend mainly on markets as their main source of household food and households follow inadequate food consumption and the majority of households' food consumption patterns constitute either borderline or poor. Households apply short-term food consumption coping strategies such as lending money from friends or buying food on credit. The study recommends that farming households be supported in terms of both short-term and long-term strategies to improve food production and supply.
Sustainable Development Practices in Developing Countries: Major Drivers and Future Discourse
Authors: Acharya Umesh
Published: December 2021

The objective of this article is to discuss the practices of sustainable development and its challenges in Nepal. Secondary data has been used such as library and documentation materials, and secondary information available. For the proper implementation of sustainable development corruption, free society is essential and the monitoring from people’s side in the development programmesis warranted. Publications of articles related to local governments and Journals published from different research institutes were used. The paper concludes that lack of proper human resources and utilization of natural resources in Nepal is not getting progress in for sustainable development. Nepal government should give emphasis on environment education and awareness programs should be organized in order to preserve natural resources. People’s participation, equity and utilization of indigenous knowledge is vital for the development. At last civil society should have crucial roleto control corruption.Active participation of local bodies and nongovernmental organization also can play vital role for its development with a coordination of ministry of environment and some international organizations.
Postoperative clinical nursing care pathway for patients with mucormycosis: An experience from a tertiary care hospital in Rajasthan, India
Authors: Kalal Nipin , Dr Suresh K Sharma  , Dr. kapil soni
Published: December 2021

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic is a serious global health threat and it has numerous impacts on human life. India faced the problem of the second wave of COVID-19 and an unexpected new predicament in the form of mucormycosis has been added. The use of steroids drugs for long duration and comorbidity with COVID-19 infections are the risk factors of mucormycosis. It is important to understand the postoperative clinical pathway to assess and determine the policy and protocol, which help patients fasten their recovery, prevent further complications and readmission.  Methods: A cross‑sectional descriptive design was used to conduct the study. We adopted the validated Immediate Post-Operative Recovery Assessment (IPR-PA) Scale to assess the postoperative clinical nursing care pathway for patients with mucormycosis. Results: The current study shows that patients had highest score in the physiology clinical recovery domain (75.25%) and the lowest post-operative clinical recovery score in psycho-social domain (20.83%). There was a significant positive correlation was found between all the domains. The medication status domains found significantly associated with participants’ age (P=.021) and physiological domains has shown significant association with received oxygen therapy during hospitalization (P=.046).
Conclusion: Postoperative clinical nursing care pathway was effective to determine the progress of a patient. It helps us to know the parameter of different domains namely being physiological, physical, psycho-social and medication status. Patients required psycho-social support due to the epidemic and fear from disease.
COVID-19 pandemic and suicides in Nepal: Way forward for prevention
Authors: Banerjee Indrajit , Robinson Jared , Sathian Brijesh , Banerjee Indraneel
Published: December 2021

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has firmly rooted itself within our countries, communities, homes and now everyday lives. The impact of this global pandemic is immeasurable as it is catastrophic in nature and involves both a human and financial loss. Suicide and self-harm (SH) are both a serious public health and social issue. It is however preventable via the use of timely, evidence-based and many times low-cost interventions and therapies. The current situation depicted Nepal shows a true indicator of the mental health of the nation, as a precipitating factor (i.e., the extreme stress of COVID-19 and the lockdown) has exposed the submerged “ice-berg” phenomenon of disease. 

It is evident that COVID-19 and the lockdown had a massively negative effect on the mental health of the population in Nepal. The increased rates of suicide and self-harm also simultaneously exposed the great pre-existing fragility of the mental health of the nation. It is therefore vital that both Nepal and other countries alike take cognizance of the fact that extra support and preventative measures need to be introduced during this difficult period and that further national programs must be employed to best aid the mental health of their fellow countrymen.
Omicron: The pandemic propagator and lockdown instigator – what can be learnt from South Africa and such discoveries in future
Authors: Banerjee Indrajit , Robinson Jared , Banerjee Indraneel , Sathian Brijesh
Published: December 2021

The SARS-CoV-2 virus which causes the disease termed COVID-19 ripped through the globe in the latter part of 2019 and has left a state of fear, death and destruction in its wake. The Omicron variant was officially announced by the South African authorities on the 24th of November 2021, with the first confirmed sample of the infection being collected on the 9th of November 2021. The initial cases were flagged as a possible new variant due to the stark differences in the presentation and clinical features of the patients. At the time of Omicron’s discovery, the predominant variant circulating within South Africa was the Delta variant B.1.617.2 which typically presented with more severe and stark symptoms. 
Omicron spread rapidly within the Southern African content and abroad, principally South Africa, Botswana, Hongkong and Israel were among the first countries to record cases of the new variant. The first European case of the Omicron variant was confirmed on the 26th of November 2021 in Belgium. Towards the end of November 2021 cases of the new variant had been confirmed and recorded in France, the United Kingdom, Germany, Portugal and Scotland. Additional cases of the Omicron variant have been confirmed in Canada and Australia.
At this current point in the development of the Omicron upsurge in cases the international community should aim for further vaccinations among their fellow countrymen, but more so vaccine equality should be ensured. Such equality should be ensured in the developing nations as the virus does not respect any boundaries or territories and thus a higher level of vaccination worldwide will confer greater protection to the global community as a whole.
On “Savage and Deformed Slave”: Bodily Difference in Selected Contemporary Productions of The Tempest in Poland
Authors: Kowalcze-Pawlik Anna
Published: December 2021

Dis/ability is a dynamic category produced in a complex constellation of factors that includes not only stigmatised mental and physical constraints or physiological differences, but also a manifestation of incapacity that is recognised or produced by law, social norms and the very way of thinking about the nature of bodily vulnerability. The meanings of dis/ability are thus culturally and historically dependent. Therefore, the manner in which dis/ability is presented on a theatrical stage can be considered not only as an important factor influencing the interpretation of a given production but also as a test for the dominant thinking of disability at a given point of time, in a given culture. The departure point for this paper is a brief discussion of the visibility of medieval models of dis/ability in Shakespeare’s plays and a reflection on how the reception of these dramatic texts has changed over time depending on the paradigmatic shifts in thinking about dis/ability, especially with the emergence of disability studies and the growing theoretical reflection on the position of dis/ability in theatre. An especially interesting case in point is the reception of Caliban as a character whose stigmatisation can be expressed through bodily difference. Thus, the paper focuses on what seems to be a systematic aberrant decoding of The Tempest in three twenty-first century Polish productions of the play.
Sabat czarownic jako figura demonizująca noc
Authors: Toboła-Feliks Magdalena
Published: December 2021

Zloty czarownic, znane jako sabaty, stanowią konstrukt znaczeniowy obejmujący kompleks wyimaginowanych zachowań o znamionach rytualno-magicznych. Kojarzone z nimi kobiety – rzekome czarownice – miały wyzbywać się wszelkich ograniczeń, którym podporządkowani byli inni śmiertelnicy w swej codziennej egzystencji. Wizja destrukturalizacji świata następującej na „łysych górach” musiała budzić lęk, potęgowany dodatkowo przez poczucie dezorientacji towarzyszące nocy. Niepewność wywoływana przez błądzenie w ciemności, w zestawieniu z brakiem taksonomicznych reguł czarcich biesiad oraz z bezkrytyczną wiarą w tego rodzaju spotkania sprawiły, iż kategoria nocy została na trwale połączona z figurą czarownicy.
Czas w kulturze Maghrebu. Noc jako odwrócenie
Authors: Barska Anna
Published: December 2021

W artykule przedstawiono praktykowane przez wyznawców islamu w krajach Maghrebu wydarzenia znamienne dla ramadanu, dziewiątego miesiąca kalendarza muzułmańskiego, miesiąca postu. Ramadan wprowadza inwersję dnia i nocy. Podjęty temat narzucił rozważania o istocie czasu, a zwłaszcza o specyfice rozumienia czasu, jak również o nocy w islamie. Sposób świętowania ramadanu został ukazany poprzez zachowania mieszkańców Maghrebu w przestrzeni prywatnej i publicznej. Zwrócono uwagę na czas przerwania postu, spożywane pokarmy, świętowanie nie tylko w domu, ale i na ulicy, w kawiarniach, a także mocne przeżywanie religijne.
Cerowanie tradycji. Stroje Lachów Sądeckich jako wyraz tożsamości i przynależności regionalnej
Authors: Rutkowski Patryk Sebastian
Published: December 2021

Prowadzona do tej pory analiza ubioru dawnej Sądecczyzny pomijała jego wariantowość. Powielana zarówno przez badaczy jak i lokalnych regionalistów idea jednego wariantu stroju została skutecznie utrwalona w świadomości grupy identyfikowanej jako Lachy Sądeckie, a hermetycznie zamknięty obszar, całkowicie odporny na transformację stał się wyłącznym obszarem jego występowania. Proces użytkowania tradycyjnych strojów lachowskich jest istotnym elementem dyskursu społecznego, a jego analiza pobudza do kolejnych rozważań: czy nowa kreacja/rekompozycja to kontynuacja zjawisk folkloru, folkloryzmu, czy zupełnie inne zjawisko w kontekście autofolkloryzacji.
Media Web 2.0 a edukacja „ku mediom”
Authors: Zeler Bogdan
Published: December 2021

Celem artkułu jest wskazanie najważniejszych kwestii, jakie powinny zostać podjęte w ramach współczesnej edukacji medialnej. Punktem wyjścia dla tych uwag są rozpoznania amerykańskiego medioznawcy i teoretyka komunikacji, Paula Levinsona dotyczące zjawiska nowych nowych mediów oraz zaistniałych dzięki nim przesunięć komunikacyjnych, implikujących istotne zmiany we wszystkich obszarach aktywności ludzkiej.   Autor artykułu zwraca uwagę na rolę doświadczenia nabywanego w trakcie owych nowych działań, w czasie zanurzenia w sieciowym świecie oraz na szczególne miejsce przypadające w tym procesie ludziom młodym, których sposób widzenia świata staje się poprzez Internet i w Internecie dominujący. Przywołuje rozpoznania  badaczy, kim jest użytkownik nowych nowych mediów, czym charakteryzuje się Człowiek 2.0, na czym polega Demokracja 2.0. Za najistotniejsze zadanie współczesnej edukacji – za Tadeuszem Miczką – uważa edukację „ku mediom”, której celem byłoby kształtowanie optymalnych (właściwych) zachowań komunikacyjnych, związanych z odpowiedzialnym użytkowaniem nowych nowych mediów.
Evaluation of Patient Satisfaction and Patient-physician Relationship in an Out- Patient Department Re-engineered through a Health Information Management System: A Descriptive Study Done at a Major Women’s Hospital in Sri Lanka
Authors: Madhuwanthi R.M.  , Marasinghe R.B
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Health information management is one of the major pillars in a health system that improves the effectiveness and efficiency of health services. It is essential to assess the patient perception towards re-engineered services provide through Hospital Information Management Systems (HIMSs) and how this implementation affects the doctor-patient relationship. The objective of the study was to describe the extent of patient satisfaction towards Out-Patient Department (OPD) services, pharmacy service and patient physician relationship in the OPD, re-engineered through a HIMS, at the Castle Street Hospital for Women (CSHW), Sri Lanka. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 362 out-patients aged over 18 years attending the OPD of the CSHW during 2018-2019. Consecutive sampling method, and an interviewer-administrated questionnaire were used to collect data. The quantitative analysis was done using the SPSS software version 23. The sentiment analysis was performed to analyze comments given by patients using the Rapid Miner software. Results: All participants were females with a mean age of 41years (±13.58). Almost all participants were satisfied with overall services provided by the OPD (99.7%) and the pharmacy (98.4%). The majority (65.3%) agreed that implementation of the HIMS had improved the doctor-patient relationship. All reported comments regarding the re-engineered services of the OPD were ‘positive’. The study also suggests considering providing information in all common languages while announcing the patient’s OPD number at the waiting area in future implementations.
Conclusions: The majority of patients were satisfied with the overall OPD services provided through implementation of the HIMS at the CSHW, Sri Lanka.
Keywords: Health information systems, Hospital information management system, Outpatientdepartment, Patient-physician relationship.
Knowledge, Attitude and Associated Factors on Family Planning Practices among Antenatal Mothers Attending a Teaching Hospital in Sri Lanka
Authors: Madushani U.  , Rathnayake N.  , Mampitiya I.
Published: December 2021

Introduction: Understanding the antenatal mothers’ knowledge and attitude towards family planning (FP) helps to enhance their family well-being. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude and factors associated with family planning practices (FPP) among antenatal mothers attending a state hospital in Sri Lanka. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with the participation of 500 antenatal mothers attending clinic services at the Teaching Hospital, Mahamodara, Sri Lanka. A pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were analyzed using the SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were employed in data analysis. Results: The majority of antenatal mothers were Sinhalese (92.6%) and Buddhists (91.2%). The majority was in the age group of 20-30 years (57.8%) and lived in rural areas (85.0%). Among the study participants, 41.2% were primiparous. The mean scores obtained for knowledge and attitude on FPP were 19.54 (±5.43) and 26.20 (±4.18), respectively. Among the participants, 41.0% had moderate and 27.4% had high level of knowledge on FPP. Ethnicity, religion, and parity (p<0.001) were associated with the level of knowledge. Sinhalese, Buddhist women with high parity, had a higher level of knowledge (p<0.001). Only 58.4% had a positive attitude on FPP. Ethnicity (p=0.04), religion (p=0.03) and educational status (p=0.02) were associated with attitude on FPP. Antenatal mothers who were, Sinhalese, Buddhist and educated up to G.C.E. (A/L) had positive attitudes on FPP (p<0.05).
Conclusions: A high proportion of antenatal mothers had moderate to high level of knowledge and positive attitude on FPP, which were significantly associated with ethnicity, religion, education and parity.
Keywords: Antenatal mothers, Associated factors, Attitude, Family planning practices, Knowledge
The Sri Lankan Perspective of Implementing Clinical Pharmacy Services
Authors: Samaranayake N.R.
Published: December 2021

Clinical Pharmacists provide pharmaceutical care to patients to ensure quality use of medicines and to improve patients’ quality of life. Although clinical pharmacy services have shown medication related benefits to patients, this service has still not been formerly established in Sri Lanka. This report is on the status of developing clinical pharmacy services in Sri Lanka as perceived by an academic who has been involved in teaching, research, and in the development of clinical pharmacy services in Sri Lanka.

Keywords: Clinical pharmacy, Pharmacy education, Pharmaceutical care, Sri Lanka
Practical Nitriding and Ferritic Nitrocarburizing
Authors: Pye David
Published: December 2021

Practical Nitriding and Ferritic Nitrocarburizing addresses many questions that arise when using nitriding and nitrocarburizing processes to case harden engineered components. It describes the basic chemistry of each process and its effect on the metallurgy and microstructure of different grades of iron and steel. It explains how the processes and their variants are implemented and how to set up, monitor, and control process equipment to meet specific design objectives. It discusses the factors that must be considered when selecting materials and determining parameters related to surface hardness, case depth, compound zone thickness, corrosion and wear resistance, distortion, and other such variables. It also explains how materials should be prepared and handled before and after processing, how to examine and evaluate results, and how to diagnose and fix problems. For information on the print version, ISBN 978-0-87170-791-8, follow this link.
Influence of Participatory Decision Making on Job Satisfaction: The Moderating Effect of Staff Experience
Authors: Abdulwahab Abdulmajid Mohammed , Bin Mohd Ali Hairuddin , Alshuhumi Said R. A. , Paramboor Jafar
Published: December 2021

The relationship between participatory decision-making (PDM) and job satisfaction (JS) has attracted the attention of researchers not only in the field of business industries but also education sector. However, the issue has not been given noteworthy priority in educational administration research let alone in Islamic tertiary institution context. Thus, the purpose of this study is threefold: 1) to validate the psychometric properties of administrative staff’s PDM and JS constructs, 2) to examine the degree of influence of administrative staff’s PDM on their JS, and 3) test the moderating role of staff’s working experience on the influence of PDM on JS. Using a quantitative survey approach, data were collected from 255 administrative staff working in different faculties, divisions, and centers of International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM). The study employed co-variance-based SEM by using AMOS version 24 in order to achieve the objectives. First, Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was employed to test the psychometric properties (such as convergent validity, divergent validity, and reliability) for both PDM and JS. Second, a Full-Fledged SEM was conducted to test the influence of PDM on JS. Finally, to examine the moderating effect of the staff working experience in the relationship between PDM and JST, a multi-group analysis (MGA) was applied. The results confirmed that the multidimensional hypothesized model of PDM and JS were empirically valid and reliable. The results also revealed a statistically significant impact for PDM on JS. Besides, the working experience was found to have a moderating role in the effect of PDM on JS. The study suggests that administrative staff involvement in decision making process is highly required as it increases their job satisfaction.
الاستراتيجيات الصهيونية تجاه المسجد الأقصى المبارك
Authors: SHAHİN Dr.khaled
Published: December 2021

من خلال التأمل في تاريخ نشأة الصهيونية و تحليل استراتيجيات الفرق المتعددة منها تجاه المسجد الأقصى المبارك ، تهدف هذه المقالة بشكل أساسي إلى التعريف بمفهوم الصهيونية ونشأتها، والمراحل الثلاثة التي مرت بها، والتعرف على أنواع الصهيونية والتوجهات والاستراتيجيات الخاصة لكل فرقة من هذه الفرق تجاه المسجد الأقصى المبارك، كما تم إلقاء الضوء على الخطط والاستراتيجيات الصهيونية لتخريب وتهويد المسجد الأقصى المبارك، وكذلك مدينة القدس، وتحليل هذه البيانات والمعلومات لمعرفة حقيقة نقاط الاختلاف بينهم في توجهاتهم واستراتيجياتهم، وأيضاً نقاط الاتفاق بينهم، ليساعد ويعين ذلك على وضع استراتيجيات دفاعية تؤثر في مجرى الأفكار والأحداث المرتبطة بالمسجد الأقصى المبارك، في وقت يتعرض فيه المسجد الأقصى في هذه الأيام الأخيرة لهجمات متكررة من الكيان الصهيوني المحتل، تهدف إلى تصفيته. وتخلصت الدراسة إلى أهمية العمل على المحاور المقترحة في الآتي: استراتيجية الدعم المعرفي، استراتيجية الوحدة وليس التفرق، استراتيجية المحافظة على المكاسب الحالية وكسب نقاط جديدة، استراتيجية الدعم الاقتصادي، واستراتيجية دعم المقاومة.
Computational contact mechanics for a medium consisting of functionally graded material coating and orthotropic substrate
Authors: Öner Erdal
Published: January 2022

This paper presents a semi-analytical method to investigate the frictionless contact mechanics between a functionally graded material (FGM) coating and an orthotropic substrate when the system is indented by a rigid flat punch. From the bottom, the orthotropic substrate is completely bonded to the rigid foundation. The body force of the orthotropic substrate is ignored in the solution, while the body force of the FGM coating is considered. An exponential function is used to define the smooth variation of the shear modulus and density of the FGM coating, and the variation of Poisson’s ratio is assumed to be negligible. The partial differential equation system for the FGM coating and the orthotropic substrate is solved analytically through Fourier transformations. After applying boundary and interface continuity conditions to the mixed boundary value problem, the contact problem is reduced to a singular integral equation. The Gauss–Chebyshev integration method is then used to convert the singular integral equation into a system of linear equations, which are solved using an appropriate iterative algorithm to calculate the contact stress under the rigid flat punch. The parametric analyses presented here demonstrate the effects of normalized punch length, material inhomogeneity, dimensionless press force, and orthotropic material type on contact stresses at interfaces, critical load factor, and initial separation distance between FGM coating and orthotropic substrate. The developed solution procedures are verified through the comparisons made to the results available in the literature. The solution methodology and numerical results presented in this paper can provide some useful guidelines for improving the design of multibody indentation systems using FGMs and anisotropic materials.
METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO ACCELERATED TESTS OF CRUSHING KNIVES OF GRINDING CATS. COMPARATIVE TESTS OF LOSS OF CUTTING CAPACITY
Authors:   Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT, Shustik L. , Pogoriliy V. , Gaidai T. , Stepchenko S. , Sidorenko S.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to analyze the design features and parameters of grinding knives to compare the intensity of loss of cutting ability of each of the models of knives depending on the load cycles. Methods and materials. Conduct an analytical inspection and instrumental studies of the blades of grinding rollers type KR with different design features. Carry out bench accelerated tests based on the cyclic impact load of the knife fragment due to falling on the simulator of wear cycles and check the residual cutting capacity on the cutting simulator. Justify the coefficient of acceleration of tests as a derivative of hardness and density of the simulator, as well as the ratio of the energy of the fall of the knife fragment on the stand and its rotational motion in the field. Statistical analysis of experimental data was performed by analysis of variance and interpreted by standard computer programs Excel in the form of graphs. Results. Analyzing the proposed method for determining the intensity of loss of cutting ability of the knife when it falls on the simulator of plant debris allowed to rank different models and establish their relative resource. Unhardened models of both 45 and 30MnB5 Steel provide low life and their residual cutting ability is only 15-25% compared to hardened models. Analyzing the research results, the hardened model of a knife made of 45 Steel withstands 4 times more load cycles compared to unhardened models, but is inferior to the hardened model of Steel 30MnB5 (borista), which has the highest resource. Even after 150 load cycles (in terms of the work of a roller with a width of 12.5 m - operating time of more than 1000 ha), it retains more than 55% of the initial cutting ability, which is characterized by low intensity of its loss. Conclusions. According to the tests of the intensity of loss of cutting ability of knives, the most acceptable option for the equipment of roller-shredders is a hardened model made of 30MnB5 Steel (borista), which has the highest resource.
EVALUATION OF THE ACCURACY OF EVPOTRANSPIRATION IN THE EVAPO MOBILE APPLICATION
Authors:   Institute of Irrigated Agriculture of NAAS, Vozhehova R. , Lykhovyd P.
Published: December 2021

Abstract The article presents the results of the study on the accuracy of evapotranspiration in the EVAPO mobile application. The aim of the work is to provide recommendations on the effective use of the mobile application for the prompt, low-cost and convenient determination of evapotranspiration and planning the irrigation regime. Materials and methods. The study was conducted in the autumn of 2020 and in the summer of 2021 using meteorological data from Kherson Regional Hydrometeorological Station, which were used for reference calculations of evapotranspiration according to the method recommended by FAO (Penman-Monteith equation) in the ETo Calculator software. The calculated values of the reference evapotranspiration and those obtained in the EVAPO mobile application were compared with each other through the computation of the correlation coefficients, determination coefficients and mean absolute percentage errors to assess the accuracy of the data on the studied agrometeorological index in the mobile application. Statistical calculations and graphical models were performed using Microsoft Excel 365 spreadsheet processor. Polynomial regression was applied to calibrate and enhance the performance of original EVAPO application. Results. It was found that the EVAPO mobile application without additional calibration cannot provide the proper accuracy of the evapotranspiration calculation. During the cold period of the year (October-November) the mean absolute percentage error was 137.02 %, and during the warm period (May-August) it was 41.43 %. The general error of the calculation in the mobile application compared to the ETo Calculator reference values was 88.75 %. At the same time, EVAPO makes it possible to accurately track the trend of evapotranspiration dynamics, the coefficient of determination of the model is 0.86. In the warm period of the year, there is a tendency to overestimate the value of evapotranspiration, and in the cold period of the year, no clear pattern was found. The evapotranspiration values adjusted by the polynomial regression model obtained in the EVAPO mobile application allow their use in operational irrigation planning. Conclusions. The EVAPO mobile application is a convenient, accessible tool for the rapid assessment of evapotranspiration. However, its implementation on the territory of Ukraine cannot be recommended without preliminary calibration for each specific agroclimatic zone due to enormous errors in the estimation of evapotranspiration value.
APPLICATION OF VHI VEGETATION INDICES TO CROP YIELD FORECASTING
Authors:   Institute of Water Problems and Land Reclamation, Maidanovych N. , Saidak R.
Published: December 2021

The aim of this work is to highlight the algorithm and results of modeling the average regional levels of cereals and legumes yields in some regions of Ukraine (Odessa region for example) using remote data, which used the vegetation index VHI. Methods. Model calculations were performed according to the productivity of cereals and legumes in Odessa region for 2011-2020 and the vegetation index VHI for the same period. VHI products received from NOAA STAR - Global Vegetation Health Products system (4 km resolution, 7-day composite). The relationship between VHI and cereals and legumes yields was assessed by correlation-regression analysis. Results. Statistically significant relationships between VHI and cereals and legumes yields levels in Odessa region with a correlation coefficient of 0.8- 0.9 in the period from April to July were establish. Regression dependences for early forecast of сereals and legumes yields (as of the end of April and May) were established using VHI for 16 and 20 weeks (from the beginning of the year). The correlation coefficient between the actual yield Ufact and the model values is 0.93 for Ufor(16) and 0.89 for Ufor(20). The forecast error did not exceed 10 % for Ufor(16) in 70 % of cases, and for Ufor(20) – in 80 % of cases. Conclusions. The authors established regression dependences for the early forecast (as of the end of April and May) of cereals and legumes yields in Odesa region using the region-averaged vegetation indices VHI for 16 and 20 weeks from the beginning of the year. This algorithm can be used to build model ratios for calculating crop yields for different regions of Ukraine and separately for different crops.
Tillage and Plant Density as Measures of Adaptation to Climate Change
Authors:   South-Ukrainian branch of  L. Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT, Malyarchuk V. , Fedorchuk E.
Published: December 2021

Abstract. The article presents the results of research of the South-Ukrainian branch of UkrNDIPVT L. Pogoriloho on the adaptation of winter wheat cultivation technologies in grain and steam crop rotations to increase the aridity of the climate by optimizing the density of standing plants, methods and depth of basic tillage. The purpose of research is to adjust the seeding rate by changing the width of the rows when growing winter wheat, as an agro-technological measure of accumulation and rational use of soil moisture (agro-technological direction of adaptation to climate change). Determining the influence of sowing rate, with different methods of tillage, on the productivity and economic efficiency of growing winter wheat in crop rotations on non-irrigated lands of southern Ukraine. Methods and Materials: field, quantitative-weight, visual and laboratory methods. Mathematical and statistical methods were used to systematize and generalize the obtained results. Research results. It has been experimentally established that the replacement of plowing to a depth of 28-30 cm for winter wheat crops with shallow (10-12 cm) disc tillage and reduction of the sowing rate of winter wheat variety «Kherson-99» to 2.25 million pieces similar seeds per hectare, by increasing the width between rows, provided an increase in grain yield by 16.7 % in 2020 and 7.7% in 2021. The profit per 1 hectare with this technology amounted to UAH 13280,5 in 2020 and UAH 28484,9 in 2021, which is 18.4 % and 9.3 % more than similar indicators in deep plowing and 31.3 % and 8.9 % more than the classic sowing rate (4.5 million units/ha). Conclusions. The efficiency of replacing deep plowing with shallow disc loosening and reducing the sowing rate to 2.25 million units/ha in the cultivation of winter wheat Kherson-99 in grain and steam crop rotation of the South of Ukraine was confirmed. A regularity in the size of the effect of reducing the seeding rate under drier conditions of the growing season was revealed.
APPLICATION OF COMPLEX FERTILIZERS AND BIOPREPARATIONS IN ORGANIC PRODUCTION OF OIL FLAX
Authors:   Western Ukrainian National University, Shuvar A. , Salo Ya.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of research is the development of a competitive, adapted to soil and climatic conditions of the Forest-Steppe zone of the western, organic technology for growing oilseed flax. Research methods – hypothesis, experiment, observation, quantitative-weight, field, visual and comparative calculation. Research results. The use of growth stimulants Vitazim, Ascostart Spectrum for flax seed treatment of flax seeds led to an increase in germination of seeds by 4.2-5.2 % . The highest productivity of seeds oil flax (1.34 t / ha) was obtained by using the biostimulant Vitazim (1.0 l / t) for pre-sowing seed treatment. The increase before control was 14.1 %. Other studies have stimulated the growth and development of plants contributed to an increase in the yield of oilseed flax in the range of 9.5-10.9 %. For complex micro-fertilizers this indicator was in the range of 0.08-0.09 t / ha (6.8-7.8 %). Pre-sowing treatment of flax seeds with growth stimulators Spectrum Ascostart, Vitazim, Ecoline Boron, Vympel 2 influenced the increase of oil content in seeds by 0.5-1.4 %. The highest yield of flaxseed oil for growing flax on an organic basis (0.563 t / ha) was obtained using the biostimulant Vitazim. The increase before control was 0.08-0.095 t / ha (17.1-20.3 %) depending on the method of use. Other complex fertilizers and stimulators of plant growth and development provided an increase in oil yield at the level of 0.048–0.092 t / ha (10.3-19.7 %) with the control indicator at 0.468 t / ha. Analysis of the content of heavy metals in oilseed flax seeds using complex micro-fertilizers and growth stimulants indicates its environmental safety. In particular, their content was significantly lower than the MPC: zinc - 11.4-12.7 (MPC - 50 mg / kg), lead - 0.01-0.07 (MPC - 0.3 mg / kg), cadmium - no more 0.010 (MPC - 0.03 mg / kg), copper - 5.9-6.8 (MPC - 10.0 mg / kg). Conclusions. The use of the studied complex micro-fertilizers and growth stimulants in the organic technology of oil flax cultivation helped to increase the length of the growing season, increased germination and reduced plant disease. The use of these drugs for treatment seed and foliar fertilization led to an increase in seed yield by 9.0-21.8 % compared to control (1.1 t / ha) and an increase in content of 0.6-0.9 % and oil yield in within 0.048-0.095 t / ha (10.3-20.8 %).
TECHNOLOGICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR MECHANIZATION PORK PRODUCTION
Authors:   DNU ", Smolyar V. ,   UkrNDIPVT them. L. Pogorilogo"
Published: December 2021

The purpose of the research is – develop technological requirements for technical means for pork production on pig farms, adapted to EU standards. Research methods. During the development of technological requirements for mechanization of pork production on pig farms, adapted to EU standards, the basic regulatory documents were used: EU Directive 91/630 of 19.11.1991; EU Directive 2008/120 of 18.12.2008. Technological requirements for mechanization of pork production are formed by the following components: keeping pigs, feeding pigs, watering pigs, removing manure, creating a microclimate, veterinary services. Research results.Technological requirements for mechanization of pork production were developed for the first time in Ukraine. The design of equipment for keeping pigs must provide conditions for keeping animals close to natural. In accordance with EU regulatory requirements, free conditions for keeping animals must be ensured. The technological area of the machine per animal must be at least: 0.15 m2 for pigs with an average live weight of up to 10 kg; 0,2 m2 for pigs with an average live weight of 10 kg to 20 kg; 0,3 m2 for pigs with an average live weight of 20 kg to 30 kg; 0,4 m2 for pigs with an average live weight of 30 kg to 50 kg; 0,55 m2 for pigs with an average live weight of 50 kg to 85 kg; 0,65 m2 for pigs with an average live weight of 85 to 110 kg; 1,0 m2 for pigs with an average live weight of more than 110 kg. Dimensions of individual machines for keeping pigs: width - 60 cm, length - 170 cm, area 1,0 m2; sows - width - 65 cm, length - 190 cm, area 1,2 m2. The number of pigs in the technological group must be at least 6 heads. The minimum technological area for individual keeping of an adult boar should be 6,0-7,5 m2. The technological area of the machine for keeping the breeding boar and sow during mating must be at least 10 m2. Piglets kept near sows should be provided with a comfortable heated area. During group keeping of pigs, their simultaneous access to feed must be ensured. When creating drinking bowls for pigs, it is necessary to take into account the technological requirements regarding the need of pigs for water and its flow rate. Pigs should not be kept in conditions with high excess air temperature and high relative humidity. When creating equipment for pig breeding, it is necessary to take into account the negative impact of air currents in piggeries on animals. It is not allowed to keep pigs constantly in the dark. Conclusions. For the first time in Ukraine, technological requirements for technical means for pork production on pig farms, adapted to EU standards, have been developed, taking into account the following components: keeping, feeding, watering pigs, manure removal, creating a microclimate, veterinary services. Technological requirements will be useful in the creation and implementation of modern machinery and equipment for pig farms.
Determination of the installation parameters for additional attachments on the plowing unit for soil tillage
Authors:   Belarusian State Agrarian Technical University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus, Chebotarev V. , Kruk I. , Nazarov F. , Chigariev Y. , Yanovsky D.
Published: December 2021

Summary. This article is dedicated to the subject of designing additional tools for use with reversible ploughs that cuts and loosens topsoil. The aim is to reduce power consumption spent for soil tillage by using reversible ploughs with roller cultivators. Methods. Theoretical and experimental studies of the topsoil movement on the plough’s wing, the mouldboard and beyond. Results. Analysis of the movement of soil particles falling from the top edge of the plough’s moulboard has allowed to obtain analytical dependence for determining the size range of soil particles based on the geometry of the working surface of the plough’s body (distance from the soil surface to the top edge of the mouldboard, the angles of the edge of the mouldboard) and the kinematic parameters of the soil (speed of the plough and roller cultivator, soil particles speed on the edge of mouldboard, soil particles descent time). A research, on the movement of the soil particles, on the mouldboard surface of the plough's body is presented. The section through the mouldboard perpendicular to the wing of the plough is described by the equation of the "inverted" cycloid and based on it the dependences have been obtained to determine the kinematic parameters of the movement of the soil particles on the surface of the plough’s body, depending on the mouldboard type and properties of the soil. Results obtained in this article allow to design the roller cultivators for reversible ploughs with determined parameters of installation, in which the power consumption costs of the plowing process will be minimal. Conclusions. Obtained analytical dependences, that determine kinematic and technological parameters of the soil movement on the working surface of the plow, the section through the orthogonal wing that has the form of an "inverted"cycloid, the variable design and technological parameters of the plough and the conditions of its operation, allowing to justify the installation parameters of the roller cultivator relative to the plough, taking into account the proposed correction ratio, which depends on the mechanical properties of the soil and its structure.
ANALYTICAL STUDY OF FRICTIONAL AUTO-VIBRATIONS IN SYSTEMS WITH TWO DEGREES OF FREEDOM
Authors:   ANALYTICAL STUDY OF FRICTIONAL AUTO-VIBRATIONS IN SYSTEMS WITH TWO DEGREES OF FREEDOM, Kalinin E. , Lebedev S. , Kozlov Yu.
Published: December 2021

Abstract Purpose of the study is to study the properties of frictional self-oscillations in systems with two degrees of freedom. As a research method, the asymptotic method of N.N. Bogolyubov and Y.A. Metropolitan. Research methods. The methodological basis of the work is the generalization and analysis of the known scientific results of the dynamics of systems in resonance modes and the use of a systematic approach. The analytical method and comparative analysis were used to form a scientific problem, goal and formulation of research objectives. When developing empirical models, the main provisions of the theory of stability of systems, methodology of system analysis and research of functions were used. The results of the study. A system with two degrees of freedom is considered, assuming that the friction function is approximated by a cubic polynomial in the sliding velocity, and friction is applied only to one of the masses. The exclusion of uniform rotation, corresponding to the third degree of freedom, leads to consideration not of the frictional moment, but the difference between the frictional moment and the moment of the moving forces. From the analysis of the results of the solutions of the equation, we can conclude that, with an accuracy up to the first approximation, inclusive, self-oscillations occur with constant frequencies equal to the natural frequencies of the system. This is consistent with the conclusions of other authors obtained using other methods. Stationary values of the amplitudes are found. The following four cases are possible: trivial solution corresponding to uniform rotation of the system without oscillations; single frequency oscillations with the first frequency; single frequency oscillations with a second frequency; two-frequency oscillatory mode. Conclusions. G. Boyadzhiev's method can be applied to study multi-mass self-oscillating systems and gives their general solution in the form of asymptotic expansions to any degree of accuracy. The obtained conditions for the stability of stationary regimes confirm the experimental results that in multi-mass systems, self-oscillations are possible only in the falling sections of the friction characteristics. The nature of the developing vibrations - their frequency and the ratio of the amplitudes of the constituent harmonics - is completely determined by the structure of the system, its elastic and inertial properties.
RESULTS OF STATIC TESTS OF PROTECTIVE STRUCTURES OF AGRICULTURAL TRACTORS CABINS
Authors:   L. Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT, Postelga S.
Published: December 2021

The purpose of research is determination of cabin deformation indicators using standardized methods and developed technical means. Research methods. The tests were performed according to the methods described in [DSTU ISO 5700, 2019] using a loading bench, pressure and displacement sensors, digital measuring amplifier Spider 8 and laptop Panasonic CF-19 Touchbook, model: CF-19KHR88PE. Research results. The protective structure AI.209.45.011.00 of the cab of tractors type C25 "Slobozhanets" was provided for testing. Before the tests, the dimensions of the cab structure were measured and recorded. During the first longitudinal loading from front to right, the load was applied to the upper transverse element of the protective structure. The point of application of the load was at a distance of 260 mm from the outer corner of the edge of the protective structure. An even load distribution in the direction perpendicular to the direction of action and along the loading beam was ensured using a sealing element. The value of the energy absorbed by the protective structure was 13100 J (required energy - 12586 J) with a maximum applied force of 82 kN and a displacement of 340 mm. During the first and second compression tests, the structure was loaded vertically with a force of 180 kN along the front and rear upper transverse elements of the protective structure with a holding of the specified force for 5 s. The side load was applied horizontally to the upper right longitudinal element of the protective structure at a distance of 85 mm forward from the control point of the driver's seat. The length of the loading beam was 600 mm. The value of the energy absorbed by the protective structure of 17000 J (required energy - 15732 J) at a maximum applied force of 80 kN and a displacement of 290 mm was achieved. After all test stages, the frontmost point of the protective structure was 70 mm and the front left point was 35 mm. The rear end points were also shifted backwards by 45 mm - right and 30 mm - left. In the lateral direction, the front right extreme point moved forward by 15 mm. After the tests, the free space area was not violated. Conclusions. The methods and technical means used during the tests allow determine the magnitude of the applied forces and deformation with the necessary accuracy and reliability. During the compression tests, the values of the test force (180 kN) were achieved, and during the application of horizontal loads - the energy absorbed by the protective structure (13100 J - longitudinal load and 17000 J - lateral load). The greatest final deformation was suffered by the protective structure at the front extreme point - 70 mm, while the violation of the zone of free space of the driver by the elements of the protective structure is not observed. Therefore, the protective structure AI.209.45.011.00 cab of tractors type C25 "Slobozhanets" withstood static tests for compliance with DSTU ISO 5700.