bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Hydroalcoholic Extract of Nasturtium officinale Reduces Lung Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in an Ovalbumin-Induced Rat Model of Asthma
Authors: shakerinasab Nasrin , Bejeshk Mohammad Abbas , Pourghadamyari Hossein , Najafipour Hamid , Eftekhari Mahdieh , Mottaghipisheh Javad , Omidifar Navid , Azizi Mahdokht , Rajizadeh Mohammad Amin , Doustimotlagh Amir Hossein
Published: June 2022

Background. Asthma is known as a disease that causes breathing problems in children and adults and is also associated with chronic inflammation and oxidative stress of the airways. Nasturtium officinale (NO) possesses a wide range of pharmacological properties, particularly anti-inflammation and antioxidant potentials. Thus, this study for the first time was aimed to investigate anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities of NO extract (NOE) in an ovalbumin-induced rat model of asthma. Materials and Methods. Forty-four male Wistar rats were sensitized with ovalbumin (OVA) to induce asthma symptoms. The animals were allocated into five groups: control (C), asthmatic (A), A + NOE (500 mg/kg), NOE (500 mg/kg), and A + dexamethasone (DX, 2.5 mg/kg). After 7 days, blood and tissue samples were taken from the rats. Then, the level of inflammatory markers, oxidative stress parameters, and antioxidant enzymes activity were measured. Results. The obtained results showed that OVA-sensitive rats significantly increased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1B, TGF-β, and SMA-α compared to the control group (

p
<
0.05

), while treatment with NOE remarkably reduced the SMA-α gene expression compared to the asthma group (

p
<
0.05

). Furthermore, it decreased the expression of IL-1B and TNF-α genes, although it was not statistically significant. The level of glutathione peroxidase (GPX) significantly reduced in A group compared to the C group (

p
<
0.05

), whereas NOE administration significantly increased this marker (

p
<
0.05

). Moreover, NOE attenuated inflammation and alveolar injury in the lungs of OVA-sensitive rat compared to the nontreated A group. Conclusions. Overall, our findings demonstrated that NOE somewhat is able to reduce airway inflammation by reducing inflammatory and increasing GPX activity. Indeed, further experiments investigating the impact of different extract doses are needed to confirm the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of NOE.
Clinical Efficacy of Mechanical Traction as Physical Therapy for Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Meta-Analysis
Authors: Wang Wenxian , Long Feibing , Wu Xinshun , Li Shanhuan , Lin Ji
Published: June 2022

Objective. This study is aimed at exploring the clinical effect of mechanical traction on lumbar disc herniation (LDH). Methods. Related literatures were retrieved from PubMed, Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, and CNKI databases. Inclusion of literature topic was comparison of mechanical traction and conventional physical therapy for lumbar disc herniation. Jadad scale was used to evaluate the quality of the included RCT studies. The Chi-square test was used for the heterogeneity test, and a random effect model was used with heterogeneity. Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were used to explore the causes of heterogeneity. If there was no heterogeneity, the fixed effect model was used, and funnel plots were used to test publication bias. Results. Visual analog scale (VAS) in the mechanical traction group was lower than that in the conventional physical therapy group (

MD
=
−
1.39

(95% CI (-1.81, -0.98)),

Z
=
6.56

, and

P
<
0.00001

). There was no heterogeneity among studies (

Ch

i

2

=
6.62

,

P
=
0.25

, and

I

2

=
24

%) and no publication bias. Oswestry disability index (ODI) in the mechanical traction group was lower than that in the conventional physical therapy group (

MD
=
−
6.34

(95% CI (-10.28, -2.39)),

Z
=
3.15

, and

P
=
0.002

). There was no heterogeneity between studies (

Ch

i

2

=
6.27

,

P
=
0.18

, and

I

2

=
36

%) and no publication bias. There was no significant difference in Schober test scores between the mechanical traction group and the conventional physical therapy group (

MD
=
−
0.40

(95% CI (-1.07, 0.28)),

Z
=
1.16

, and

P
=
0.25

). There was no heterogeneity among studies (

Ch

i

2

=
1.61

,

P
=
0.66

, and

I

2

=
0

%) and no publication bias. Conclusion. Mechanical traction can effectively relieve lumbar and leg pain and improve ODI in patients with lumbar disc herniation but has no significant effect on spinal motion. The therapeutic effect of mechanical traction was significantly better than that of conventional physical therapy. Lumbar traction can be used in conjunction with other traditional physical therapy.
Clinical Data and Biocalculation Methods of GABRD Determine the Clinical Characteristics and Immune Relevance of Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Bi Yuhe , Liu Xinju , Li Wei , Xu JiaCheng , Xi Jie , Wei Shengchao
Published: June 2022

Background. The aim of this study was to clarify the expression of gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor delta subunit (GABRD) gene in pan-cancer and its correlation with patient prognosis, and to investigate the function and possible mechanism of GABRD in colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data were used to analyze the expression differences of GABRD in pan-cancer, and the correlation between GABRD and clinical prognosis of various tumors was analyzed by Cox regression method. According to the expression level of GABRD, Gene Function Annotation (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genomes (KEGG) functional enrichment analysis were performed on the differentially expressed genes. Expression of GABRD gene and 44 marker genes of three types of RNA modification (m1A (10), m5C (13), m6A (21)) genes in different tumors was observed. Pearson correlation of GABRD gene and marker genes of five immune pathways was measured. Results: TCGA data analysis showed that GABRD was significantly upregulated in various tumor tissues, especially COAD and READCOAD. Survival analysis showed that GABRD was a prognostic protective factor in CRC (

p
<
0.001

). The results of survival nomogram showed that GABRD, age, and tumor (T) lymph node (N) distant metastasis (M) stage were independent prognostic factors, and the survival model C-index was 0.724 (0.644-1). Gene enrichment and functional analysis showed that GABRD may be related to protein digestion and absorption, ECM-receptor interaction, extracellular structure organization, extracellular matrix organization, pancreatic secretion, and antimicrobial humoral response. The expression of GABRD was positively correlated in m1A-, m5C-, and m6A-related genes. The GABRD gene was found in B cell, T cell CD4, T cell CD8, neutrophil, macrophage in TCGA-COAD (N = 282), and TCGA-COADREAD (N = 373). The infiltration level and DC was significantly positively correlated (

p
<
0.05

). Also, the Pearson correlation coefficient is the largest. Conclusion. The involvement of GABRD in the occurrence and development of CRC may be related to protein digestion and absorption, ECM-receptor interaction, extracellular structure organization, extracellular matrix organization, pancreatic secretion, and antimicrobial humoral response. GABRD can be used as a molecular marker for the prognosis of CRC.
Temporal and Spatial Differences of Urban Ecological Environment and Economic Development Based on Graph Neural Network
Authors: Zhang Wenbo , Xie Binggeng
Published: June 2022

The temporal and spatial difference between the urban ecological environment and economic development refers to the unbalanced and insufficient contradiction between the quality of urban ecological environment and the development of economic strength. Based on the relevant theories of urban ecological environment and economic development, this paper explores the development laws of urban ecology and economic development and uses graph neural network algorithm to model the spatial and temporal dependence of the city’s ecological environment in a province. The quality data and economic development strength data are analyzed in detail. The analysis results show that the ecological benefit index and economic benefit index of each city in the province have reached above 0.6 after 5 years of development. The level of coordinated urban development has improved significantly compared with 2017. However, in the process of the development of the market economy, it is necessary to rationally adjust the proportion of the secondary industry and the tertiary industry in the urban production structure and continuously promote the balanced development of the economy and ecology.
Application of Machine Learning to Predict Estimated Ultimate Recovery for Multistage Hydraulically Fractured Wells in Niobrara Shale Formation
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed Farid , Alarifi Sulaiman A , Elkatatny Salaheldin
Published: June 2022

The completion design of multistage hydraulic fractured wells including the cluster spacing injected proppant and slurry volumes has shown a great influence on the well production rates and estimated ultimate recovery (EUR). EUR estimation is a critical process to evaluate the well profitability. This study proposes the use of different machine learning techniques to predict the EUR as a function of the completion design including the lateral length, the number of stages, the total injected proppant and slurry volumes, and the maximum treating pressure measured during the fracturing operations. A data set of 200 well production data and completion designs was collected from oil production wells in the Niobrara shale formation. Artificial neural network (ANN) and random forest (RF) techniques were implemented to predict EUR from the completion design. The results showed a low accuracy of direct prediction of the EUR from the completion design. Hence, an intermediate step of estimating the initial well production rate (Qi) from the completion data was carried out, and then, the Qi and the completion design were used as input parameters to predict the EUR. The ANN and RF models accurately predicted the EUR from the completion design data and the estimated Qi. The correlation coefficient (R) values between actual EUR and predicted EUR from the ANN model were 0.96 and 0.95 compared with 0.99 and 0.95 from the RF model for training and testing, respectively. A new correlation was developed based on the weight and biases from the optimized ANN model with an R value of 0.95. This study provides ML application with an empirical correlation to predict the EUR from the completion design parameters at an early time without the need for complex numerical simulation analysis. The developed models require only the initial flow rate along with the completion design to predict EUR with high certainty without the need for several months of production similar to the DCA models.
Prediction of Dental Implants Using Machine Learning Algorithms
Authors: Alharbi Mafawez T. , Almutiq Mutiq M.
Published: June 2022

It has been claimed that artificial intelligence (AI) has transformative potential for the healthcare sector by enabling increased productivity and creative methods of delivering healthcare services. Recently, there has been a major shift to artificial intelligence by businesses, government, and private sectors in general and the health sector in particular. Many studies have proven that artificial intelligence is contributing greatly to the health sector by discovering diseases and determining the best treatments for patients. Dentistry requires new innovative methods that serve both the patient and the service provider in obtaining the best and appropriate medical services. Artificial intelligence has the ability to develop the field of dentistry through early diagnosis and prediction of dental implant cases. This research develops a set of four machine learning algorithms to predict when a patient might need dental implants. These models are the Bayesian network, random forest, AdaBoost algorithm, and improved AdaBoost algorithm. This work shows that the developed algorithms can predict when a patient needs dental implants. Also, we believe that this proposal will advise managers and decision-makers in targeting patients with particular diagnoses. Analysis of the obtained results indicates good performance of the developed machine learning. As a result of this research, we note that the proposed improved AdaBoost algorithm increases the level of prediction accuracy and gives significantly higher performance than the other studied methods with the accuracy for the improved AdaBoost algorithm reaching 91.7%.
Technical Job Recommendation System Using APIs and Web Crawling
Authors: Kumar Naresh , Gupta Manish , Sharma Deepak , Ofori Isaac
Published: June 2022

There has been a sudden boom in the technical industry and an increase in the number of good startups. Keeping track of various appropriate job openings in top industry names has become increasingly troublesome. This leads to deadlines and hence important opportunities being missed. Through this research paper, the aim is to automate this process to eliminate this problem. To achieve this, Puppeteer and Representational State Transfer (REST) APIs for web crawling have been used. A hybrid system of Content-Based Filtering and Collaborative Filtering is implemented to recommend these jobs. The intention is to aggregate and recommend appropriate jobs to job seekers, especially in the engineering domain. The entire process of accessing numerous company websites hoping to find a relevant job opening listed on their career portals is simplified. The proposed recommendation system is tested on an array of test cases with a fully functioning user interface in the form of a web application. It has shown satisfactory results, outperforming the existing systems. It thus testifies to the agenda of quality over quantity.
Analysis of Chinese Painting Color Teaching Based on Intelligent Image Color Processing Technology in the Network as a Green Environment
Authors: Tian Li
Published: June 2022

This work was conducted to study the Chinese painting color teaching analysis of intelligent image color processing technology under the network environment. First, the paper preprocesses the obtained color mural images, realizes the automatic recognition and marking of the images with different defect degrees and color fading, and uses denoising and texture background elimination to remove unnecessary background information. Then, according to the characteristic that the repair order of boundary points in the Criminisi algorithm is determined by the size of priority weight, the data items and confidence items are added. Finally, the design uses image processing technology and the loss formula to identify the connecting edge of the color area to be taught, establish the color extraction area, calculate the bit weight of the best color, find out the color extraction position, and synthesize different colors according to the original painting color superposition method. The partial differential equation is used to set the teaching code of color teaching system to realize the teaching of Chinese painting color. The experimental results show that compared with the original teaching system, the designed color teaching system has a stronger ability to recognize the edge of Chinese painting color teaching, and the quality of Chinese painting after teaching is higher. It can be seen that the color teaching system can be applied to the color teaching of Chinese painting.
Rapid Prediction Algorithm for Economic Development Trend of Tourism Using Markov Chain
Authors: Li Cuiwei , Qiao Liang
Published: June 2022

The environment for tourist development will be increased further if the people-centered development concept is fully implemented, and people’s desire for a colorful tourism life will be boosted. This includes the new kinetic energy of digitalization and networking, which has contributed more and more to economic development. The people-centered development concept also includes the sudden new crown pneumonia outbreak that has had a major influence on the tourism sector; the tourism industry’s robust expansion will not change as a result. There is a reason to assume that tourism will become a key business that contributes to the long-term economic and social growth of China. With the Markov chain to forecast the development tendency of the tourism economy, this paper constructs characteristic indicators such as the number of duty-free shopping on outlying islands, the per capita spending of outlying island rabbit tax shopping, and the number of ecological civilization villages, using the era of free trade ports as a backdrop. The experimental results shows that the proposed idea of this paper is realistic and can have a significant impact towards designing a national ecological civilization pilot zone, international tourism consumption center, and the creation of tropical rainforest national parks.
Study on Pore Structure of Shale Reservoir by Low Temperature Nitrogen Adsorption Method
Authors: Mi Huaying , Guo Yujie , Yu Xiaogang
Published: June 2022

Shale gas is one of the most actively explored unconventional sources of natural gas. There are several types of pores in the shale reservoir, and their structural characteristics are complex. Evaluating the characteristics of the shale pore structure is the basis for understanding the shale reservoir performance and the oil and gas migration mechanism. In this paper, the micro- and nanopores of shale samples from the Yanchang Formation, Hunan basin, are studied by applying the low-temperature nitrogen adsorption method. Several pore structure parameters such as the specific surface area, the pore volume, and the pore size distribution of the analyzed samples are calculated. The predominant characteristics of nanopores that influence hydrocarbon accumulation and control the development of pores are discussed. The results indicate that the shale reservoir rocks from the study area are mainly mesoporous with an average pore size distribution between 2 and 50 nm. A small number of micropores (less than 2 nm) and macropores (more than 50 nm) are also present in the pore network. The development of micropores and mesopores in the shale samples is associated with organic matter content, while the development of macropores is linked to clay minerals content. Total organic carbon (TOC) content is the key element to control the nanopore volume and the specific surface area of the reservoir rocks from the study area. At the same time, the organic matter-enriched pore network also provides extensive space for the accumulation of shale gas.
Biomechanical Analysis of Different Footwork Foot Movements in Table Tennis
Authors: Li Xinrong
Published: June 2022

In order to solve the problem of athletes with lower limb movement injuries in table tennis footwork, with the increasing risk of sports, the incidence of acute injury also increased. The increase in athletic training, on the one hand, improves the skill level of the athlete; on the other hand, it increases the chances of more chronic injuries. Through the investigation of the injury site of 143 table tennis players, the researchers found that the lower limb injury accounted for 32% of the total injuries and the upper limb injury rate accounted for 33.14% of the trunk, accounting for 34.29%. The injury sites are mostly concentrated in the lumbar region, followed by the shoulders and knees. Through epidemiological research on the injuries of outstanding table tennis players, the survey results show that the probability of lower extremity injuries ranks in the top three, and most of them are acute sprains and chronic strain injuries. By applying the principles of sports biomechanics, a biomechanical analysis of the asynchronous foot movement in table tennis is proposed; from three aspects of kinematics, dynamics, and plantar pressure, it is found that the injury of table tennis is closely related to technical play connect. The risk of sports injury is inevitable in a sense, due to the long-term local overload, which causes the strain of the sports system. In order to avoid or reduce the occurrence of such sports injuries, coaches should standardize the technical movements of the players and arrange the exercise load reasonably according to the characteristics of the sports.
Formation of an Explosively Formed Penetrator Warhead Using a Step-Shaped Charge
Authors: Wang Weizhan , Chen Zhigang , Yang Baoliang , Jing Tong , Meng Fangao , Zhao Taiyong
Published: June 2022

In this study, the formation mechanism of an explosively formed penetrator (EFP) with tail fins was analyzed. Through static denotation and dynamic flight tests, the feasibility of using a step-shaped liner during the formation of an EFP with tail fins was verified. The influences of the step depth, h, and the step angle, Φ, on the flight stability were then explored. Based on the consistency between the numerical simulation and experimental results, the influences of the step-shaped liner’s spherical arc radius, number of steps, and wall thickness on the formation and flight stability of an EFP with tail fins were further studied. The results showed that a T2 copper step-shaped liner performed better than a H90 brass liner. Compared with a hemispherical liner with an equal wall thickness, the step-shaped liners resulted in EFPs with initial angular velocities and relatively better flight stability. Moreover, a greater initial angular velocity led to a higher EFP landing accuracy.
The Multigrid Method for the Combined Hybrid Element of Linear Elasticity Problem
Authors: Wang Huiling , Nie Yufeng
Published: June 2022

Combined hybrid element method is one kind of stable finite element discrete method in which the famous Babuska–Brezzi condition is satisfied automatically. So, the method is more widely used, compared with other kinds of mixed/hybrid element methods. In this paper, we develop a non-nested multigrid algorithm for combined hybrid quadrilateral or hexahedron elements of linear elasticity problem. The critical ingredient in the algorithm is a proper intergrid transfer operator. We establish such an operator on quadrilateral or hexahedron meshes and prove the mesh-independent convergence of the

k
t
h

level iteration and full multigrid algorithm in

L

2

norm. Numerical experiments are reported to support our theoretical results and illustrate the efficiency of the developed methods. We also give the numerical experiments showing the convergence of the developed method as Poisson’s ratio is close to 0.5.
The Challenging Management of Cancer: An Immunonephrologist’s Perspective
Authors: Fenoglio Roberta , Roccatello Dario , De Simone Emanuele , Del Vecchio Giulio , Ferro Michela , Quattrocchio Giacomo , Barreca Antonella , Sciascia Savino
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Onconephrology is an emerging medical subspecialization that focuses on the numberless interrelations between cancer and kidney diseases. Tumor cells evade immune surveillance through activation of immune checkpoint pathways that suppress antitumor immune responses. By blocking checkpoints, new anticancer agents disrupt immune homeostasis but potentially induce immune-mediated diseases. Nephrologists and nephroimmunologists should be able to treat the nephrotoxic sequelae of cancer therapy and ensure continuation of the life-saving treatment. Methods: Thirty-seven renal biopsies have been carried out over 42 months in oncologic patients, that is, 5.2% of the total native renal biopsies were carried out in the same period. The commonest diagnoses (>6 cases) were interstitial tubular nephritis, membranous glomerulopathy, IgA nephropathy, vasculitis, and focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis. Case Presentation: Three example cases, including focusing on key questions which could involve the nephrologists are reported in detail. They include a cancer-related Goodpasture Syndrome, the peculiar toxic effects of pemetrexed on tubular cells, and the intriguing relationship between bevacizumab and cryoglobulinemic glomerulonephritis. Conclusion: As shown by these 3 example cases, nephrologists need to be open-minded with regard to kidney biopsy in order to get a timely diagnosis. Nephrologists also need to improve their knowledge of cancer biology and therapy in order to prevent kidney problems, manage therapy-related immune-mediated disorders, and improve patient life expectancy.
Mechanism of lncRNA-H19 in Intestinal Injury of Mice with Ulcerative Colitis
Authors: Yin Li , Yan Jun , Chen Wei
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a debilitating condition of the gastrointestinal system, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)-H19 emerges as a crucial player in inflammatory diseases. This study is designed to evaluate the mechanism of H19 in intestinal injury of UC mice and hint at a novel target for UC treatment. Methods: UC mouse model was established, followed by injection of shH19, antagomir-331-3p, and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 4 (TRAF4) overexpression vector. H19, miR-331-3p, and TRAF4 expressions were detected via reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Intestinal injury was appraised via disease activity index (DAI), hematoxylin-eosin staining, and histopathological scoring. Interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-10 levels were detected via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Binding relationships of H19 and miR-331-3p and TRAF4 were verified. Results: H19 was highly expressed in colon tissues. Silencing H19 attenuated intestinal injury of UC mice, manifested by reductions in weight loss, DAI, histopathological scores, IL-1β and TNF-α, and increases in colon length and IL-10. Mechanically, lncRNA-H19 is bound to miR-331-3p to inhibit its expression. TRAF4 is a target of miR-331-3p. Inhibition of miR-331-3p or overexpression of TRAF4 could reverse the alleviating role of lncRNA-H19 in intestinal injury of UC mice. Conclusion: LncRNA-H19 was highly expressed in UC mice and bound to miR-331-3p to promote TRAF4 transcription, thereby aggravating intestinal injury.
Association among Terminally Differentiated T Cells, Frailty, and Dependency in a Group of Cuban Centenarians
Authors: Añé-Kourí Ana Laura , Ledón Nuris , Ramos Mercedes Bárbara , González Amnely , Pereira Karla , Rodríguez Marbelys , Vidal Alejandro , Rodríguez Yamile , Bicet Yamile de la Caridad , Llanez-Gregorich Egda , Lorenzo-Luaces Patricia , Suárez Gisela María , Silva Alexa , Crombet Tania , Saavedra Danay , Lage Agustin
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Centenarians are considered a model of successful aging. Cuba exhibits one of the oldest populations in Latin America with more than two thousand centenarians. Methods: This study aimed to evaluate the immune phenotype of forty-three Cuban centenarians, their clinical characteristics such as comorbidities, frailty, body mass index, and some hemochemical parameters. Results: Centenarians had normal body mass indexes, relatively good health status, and 21.95% of them had no comorbidities; 53.6% were classified as frail, and 7% were classified as robust. In addition, 17% of centenarians were independent, and 41.46% were moderately dependent. The seroprevalence against cytomegalovirus was 100%. Concerning pro-inflammatory markers, the majority of them had very low cytokine levels and serum C-reactive protein around the normal limit. We also found the predominance of memory subsets over naive compartments in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Terminally differentiated CD8+CD28− T cells were higher in frail centenarians than in pre-frail, while CD8+CD57+ and CD8+EMRA T cells were higher in moderately and severely dependent individuals than in independent individuals. Severely dependent centenarians had a lower CD4+/CD8+ ratio. Conclusion: This study describes for the first time the predominance of memory subsets over naive compartments in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, as well as its relation to frailty and/or dependency in a group of Cuban centenarians. Further studies are needed to continue understanding the natural biological aging mechanism and the relationship between terminally differentiated lymphocytes and inflammaging in the context of extreme longevity.
CLN3-Associated NCL Case with a Preliminary Diagnosis of Niemann Pick Type C
Authors: Kasapkara Çiğdem Seher , Ceylan Ahmet Cevdet , Yılmaz Deniz , Kıreker Köylü Oya , Yürek Burak , Civelek Ürey Burcu , Gündüz Mehmet
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) are a broad class of inherited lysosomal storage disorders. Known mutations in at least 13 different genes can result in NCL with variable ages of onset, symptoms, and pathologic findings. Generally, these patients experience cognitive and motor decline, seizures, visual impairment, and premature death. Pathologically, NCL patients display heterogeneous histologic abnormalities, but consistently exhibit neuronal loss, reactive gliosis, and lysosomal accumulation of autofluorescent storage material or lipopigment. Juvenile-onset NCL has been classically referred to as Batten disease. By far the most prevalent NCL is CLN3-associated disease. It is an autosomal recessive condition that is usually caused by mutations in the ceroid-lipofuscinosis, neuronal 3 (CLN3) gene. CLN3 encodes battenin, a ubiquitously expressed transmembrane protein of unknown function that is associated with cellular homeostasis and neuronal survival. The initial clinical symptom of CLN3-associated NCL is central vision loss, which is usually detected between 4 and 9 years of age. Seizures typically begin early in the second decade of life, and affected individuals rarely live beyond their mid-20ies. Case Presentation: Herein, we describe a 16-year-old patient with CLN3-related juvenile NCL with a preliminary diagnosis of Niemann Pick Type C disease. The proband showed characteristic clinical signs, including epilepsy, ataxia, psychomotor regression, dementia, and visual impairment with an unusual elevation of lyso-sphingomyelin-509 (Lyso­SM-509; 812 nmol/L, normal 1–33 nmol/L). A homozygous NM_001042432.2(CLN3):c.233dup (p.Thr80fs) variant was detected at exon 4 of CLN3. Diagnosis of NCL was difficult due to the pronounced elevation of LysoSM-509. Discussion: LysoSM-509 is a biomarker which is elevated especially in Niemann Pick Type C. We can consider that a high LysoSM-509 level might be also an indicator of NCL, especially NCL type 3.
Paracetamol Treatment for Patent Ductus Arteriosus, an Apparent Association with Acute Hemolysis in Three Preterm Infants: Case Series
Authors: Bauer-Rusek Sofia , Samra Nava , Moore Shiran Sara , Arnon Shmuel
Published: June 2022

We report three preterm infants who were treated with paracetamol for hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus and developed acute hemolysis. No other apparent cause of acute hemolysis was found during Neonatal Intensive Care Unit hospitalization. All three infants were born within 1 year. As this side effect of paracetamol has not been reported previously and many preterm infants receive paracetamol for PDA closure, we advocate awareness. We cannot be sure whether the hemolysis occurred due to an underlying cause that was augmented by paracetamol or whether the drug itself caused acute hemolysis in these preterm infants.
The Depths of Temporal Desynchronization in Grief
Authors: Hughes Emily
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The experience of disconnection is common in first-person accounts of grief. One way in which this feeling of estrangement can manifest is through the splintering apart of the time of the mourner and the time of the world. Supplementing and extending Thomas Fuchs’ influential idea of temporal desynchronization, my aim in this article is to give an account of the heterogeneous ways in which grief can disturb time. Method: I organize these manifold experiences of temporal disruption according to a method of “depth analysis”: a phenomenological interpretation of temporal desynchronization that tracks the increasing disconnect between the mourner and the world as it manifests in time. In so doing, I draw on a wide range of descriptive first-person responses to the question “Has your experience of time changed in any way?” – included as part of an online questionnaire on the emotional experience of grief conducted recently with colleagues at the University of York. I then stratify these according to a mild, moderate, and profound level of disruption. Results: Before setting out the results of this analysis, I give a background account of Fuchs’ interpretation of temporal desynchronization in phenomenological psychopathology more generally and in grief specifically. In my results, I then supplement and extend his interpretation by setting out my phenomenological depth analysis of the increasing disconnect between the time of the mourner and the time of the world, as demonstrated by the questionnaire data. As I argue, such a fine-grained account is an important step in understanding the way time can shape the meaning and significance of different grief experiences. Following this, in my discussion, I demonstrate how a depth approach might be helpful in differentiating between temporal disturbances in a range of affective disorders and give an illustrative comparison of grief and depression. Conclusion: In conclusion, I reflect briefly on what grief might reveal about the depth and complexity of temporal experience itself. In so doing, I consider how the radical disruptions to time in grief might transform the mourner’s experience of time irreversibly but in a way that enables a renewed connection to both their deceased loved one and the world from which they have become estranged.
The Treatment of Substance Use Disorders: Recent Developments and New Perspectives
Authors: Rosenthal Annika , Ebrahimi Claudia , Wedemeyer Friederike , Romanczuk-Seiferth Nina , Beck Anne
Published: June 2022

Substance-related disorders are complex psychiatric disorders that are characterized by continued consumption in spite of harmful consequences. Addiction affects various brain networks critically involved in learning, reward, and motivation, as well as inhibitory control. Currently applied therapeutic approaches aim at modification of behavior that ultimately leads to decrease of consumption or abstinence in individuals with substance use disorders. However, traditional treatment methods might benefit from recent neurobiological and cognitive neuroscientific research findings. Novel cognitive-behavioral approaches in the treatment of addictive behavior aim at enhancement of strategies to cope with stressful conditions as well as craving-inducing cues and target erroneous learning mechanisms, including cognitive bias modification, reconsolidation-based interventions, mindfulness-based interventions, virtual-reality-based cue exposure therapy as well as pharmacological augmentation strategies. This review discusses therapeutic strategies that target dysregulated neurocognitive processes associated with the development and maintenance of disordered substance use and may hold promise as effective treatments for substance-related disorders.
Comparative Evaluation of Clinical Efficacy of Leukocyte-Rich Platelet-Rich Fibrin with Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Management of Gingival Recession Defects: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Tadepalli Anupama , Chekurthi Swapna , Kavassery Balasubramanian Swarupa , Parthasarathy Harinath , Ponnaiyan Deepa
Published: June 2022

Background: The aim of this research was to determine and compare the clinical efficacy of leukocyte platelet-rich fibrin (L-PRF) and advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF) in combination with coronally advanced flap (CAF) in the treatment of gingival recession defects. Methods: Systemically healthy subjects presenting with 30 Miller’s class I or II gingival recession defects in maxillary anteriors and premolars, were treated with either CAF + L-PRF or CAF + A-PRF. Clinical parameters such as recession height (RH), width, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment level (CAL), keratinized tissue height (KTH), and width of attached gingiva (WAG) were measured at baseline, 3, and 6 months. Gingival biotype was evaluated at baseline and 6 months post-surgery. Mean root coverage percentage (MRC%) was evaluated at 3 and 6 months. Results: Statistically significant reduction in mean RH was observed from baseline (2.53 ± 0.74 mm, 2.63 ± 0.82 mm) to 6 months (0.87 ± 0.83 mm, 0.53 ± 0.91 mm) in CAF + L-PRF and CAF + A-PRF groups, respectively. The MRC% achieved at 6 months was 67.20 ± 32.81 in the CAF + L-PRF group and 81.66 ± 28.21 in the CAF + A-PRF group. Statistically significant gain in CAL, WAG, and KTH was observed in both therapeutic groups (p < 0.05). Intergroup analysis revealed no statistically significant differences among study parameters between groups at any time point (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, both L-PRF and A-PRF may be suggested as viable treatment options for the management of gingival recession in maxilla.
Dramatic Recovery after Etoposide Phosphate Infusion for Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis/Macrophage Activation Syndrome following Treatment with Tisagenlecleucel in a Young Patient with Relapsed Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Case Report
Authors: Peterlin Pierre , Garnier Alice , Le Bourgeois Amandine , Jullien Maxime , Seguin Amélie , Eveillard Marion , Béné Marie-Christine , Guillaume Thierry , Chevallier Patrice
Published: June 2022

The occurrence of a secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis/macrophage activation syndrome (HLH/MAS) after CAR T-cell infusion is very rare and mostly fatal. Treatment recommendations for such a complication are not yet established. Here, we report the dramatic recovery of HLH/MAS following tisagenlecleucel infusion in a young patient with relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia using etoposide phosphate (EP). We propose that monitoring for the occurrence of HLH/MAS should be part of surveillance after CAR T-cell infusion and that EP treatment appears to be useful to control this severe and rare complication.
Expression and Development of TARP γ-4 in Embryonic Zebrafish
Authors: Ahmed Kazi Tanveer , Amin Md Ruhul , Razmara Parastoo , Roy Birbickram , Cai Ruiqi , Tang Jingfeng , Chen Xing-Zhen , Ali Declan William
Published: June 2022

Fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the CNS is mediated by the neurotransmitter glutamate, binding to and activating AMPA receptors (AMPARs). AMPARs are known to interact with auxiliary proteins that modulate their behavior. One such family of proteins is the transmembrane AMPAR-related proteins, known as TARPs. Little is known about the role of TARPs during development or about their function in nonmammalian organisms. Here, we report on the presence of TARP γ-4 in developing zebrafish. We find that zebrafish express 2 forms of TARP γ-4: γ-4a and γ-4b as early as 12 h post-fertilization. Sequence analysis shows that both γ-4a and γ-4b shows great level of variation particularly in the intracellular C-terminal domain compared to rat, mouse, and human γ-4. RT-qPCR showed a gradual increase in the expression of γ-4a throughout the first 5 days of development, whereas γ-4b levels were constant until day 5 when levels increased significantly. Knockdown of TARP γ-4a and γ-4b via either splice-blocking morpholinos or translation-blocking morpholinos resulted in embryos that exhibited deficits in C-start escape responses, showing reduced C-bend angles. Morphant larvae displayed reduced bouts of swimming. Whole-cell patch-clamp recordings of AMPAR-mediated currents from Mauthner cells showed a reduction in the frequency of mEPCs but no change in amplitude or kinetics. Together, these results suggest that γ-4a and γ-4b are required for proper neuronal development.
Usefulness of the Japan Esophageal Society Classification of Barrett’s Esophagus for Diagnosing the Lateral Extent of Superficial Short-Segment Barrett’s Esophageal Cancer
Authors: Suzuki Yugo , Okamura Takayuki , Matsui Akira , Hayasaka Junnosuke , Nomura Kosuke , Kikuchi Daisuke , Hoteya Shu
Published: June 2022

Introduction: The Japanese guidelines for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of Barrett’s esophageal adenocarcinoma (BEA) recommend image-enhanced magnifying endoscopic examination for diagnosing the lateral extent of superficial esophageal adenocarcinoma. The Japan Esophageal Society Barrett’s Esophagus (JES-BE) classification is proposed recently and is useful in terms of diagnostic accuracy. In this study, we retrospectively examined the usefulness of the JES-BE classification for differential diagnosis and determination of the extent of BEA originating in short-segment Barrett’s esophagus. Methods: The study reviewed 51 lesions which underwent ESD for BEA. The circumference of the esophagogastric junction was divided into four parts, and the lesions were divided into those in the right anterior portion (RA group; n = 33) and those in other portions (non-RA group; n = 18). Clinicopathological characteristics and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results: JES-BE classification findings as “dysplasia” were seen in 48 out of 51 (94.1%) BEA lesions retrospectively. There was no significant difference in histological type, tumor depth, lymphovascular invasion, or the proportion of tumors with a positive or unknown horizontal or vertical margin status between the groups. The proportion of tumors with type 0-I morphology was significantly higher in the RA group (p = 0.023). The tumor size was significantly greater in the RA group (p = 0.034). According to the JES-BE classification, 31 lesions (93.9%) in the RA group and 17 lesions (94.4%) in the non-RA group were diagnosed as dysplasia. There was also no significant difference in the rate of consistency between the endoscopic and histopathological findings on the lateral extent of the lesion (90.9% vs. 83.3%; p = 0.612). Discussion/Conclusions: The JES-BE classification may be useful for determining the extent of BEA.
Treatment of Severe Fetal Ebstein’s Anomaly with Prenatal Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Therapy
Authors: Powel Jennifer E. , Kraus Elena , Reddy Chetana , Lannaman Kia
Published: June 2022

Introduction: Prenatally diagnosed Ebstein’s anomaly with tricuspid valve dysplasia (EA/TVD) is a rare and high-risk congenital heart malformation with limited effective treatments. We report a case of severe fetal EA with hydrops treated with modest doses of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) therapy, resulting in reversal of hydrops and a favorable fetal outcome. Case Presentation: Fetal heart defects included an inferiorly displaced tricuspid valve, severe tricuspid regurgitation, significantly dilated right atrium, and hypoplastic pulmonary valve with moderate regurgitation resulting in a circular shunt across the ductus arteriosus. Maternal indomethacin therapy was initiated at 31+5 weeks gestation due to the development of fetal hydrops as demonstrated by the presence of a pericardial effusion and ascites. Indomethacin therapy resulted in the desired restriction of the ductus arteriosus and resolution of fetal hydrops. Maternal therapy was transitioned to ibuprofen and serial fetal echocardiograms ensured continued ductal restriction. Delivery occurred via cesarean at 36+3 weeks. The neonate did not require immediate cardiac surgical intervention and was discharged home with close follow-up. Discussion/Conclusion: A lower dose of prenatal NSAID therapy effected successful ductal restriction and hemodynamic mitigation of the circular shunt, resulting in reversal of hydrops and avoidance of postnatal cardiac surgical intervention.
Ultrasound-Targeted Microbubble Destruction-Mediated miR-1228 Downregulation Suppresses Tumor Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Cervical-Cancer Cells
Authors: Bu Yanling , Li Qiang , Liang Xiao , Gao Qi , Ma Xiaoming , Jin Minghui , Yang Xiuling
Published: June 2022

Objectives: Ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) is an effective technology for microRNA (miRNA) delivery. miR-1228 plays a crucial role and acts as an oncogenic role in several types of cancers. This study aimed to investigate the functional effect of UTMD-mediated miR-1228 knockdown in cervical-cancer cells. Design: A total of 131 patients who were diagnosed with cervical cancer by histopathological examination were enrolled in this study at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University from February 2018 to January 2021. Participants/Materials, Setting, Methods: miR-1228 expression was tested by reverse-transcription quantitative PCR assay. miR-1228 inhibitors were transfected into cervical-cancer cells using the UTMD method. Then, Cell Counting Kit-8 and transwell assays were carried out to explore the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion potentials, respectively. Results: The results revealed that miR-1228 expression was high in human cervical-cancer tissues and cell lines. Knockdown of miR-1228 suppressed tumor cell proliferation abilities, migration, and invasion capacities. Moreover, UTMD-mediated mIR-1228 inhibitor delivery enhanced the transfection efficiency of miR-1228 inhibitor alone. The UTMD-mediated miR-1228 inhibition enhanced the suppressive role of miR-1228 downregulation on cell proliferation capacity, migration, and invasion abilities in tumor cells, compared to miR-1228 knockdown alone. Limitations: The experiments were carried out only in SiHa and HeLa cells in vitro, and the results were not verified in animals. Conclusions: These results indicated that the delivery of the UTMD-mediated miR-1228 inhibitor might be a potential therapeutic method for the treatment of cervical cancer through suppressing cellular activities.
Right Heart Failure Following Left Ventricular Device Implantation: Natural History, Risk Factors, and Outcomes: An Analysis of the STS INTERMACS Database
Authors: Kapelios Chris J. , Lund Lars H. , Wever-Pinzon Omar , Selzman Craig H. , Myers Susan L. , Cantor Ryan S. , Stehlik Josef , Chamogeorgakis Themistocles , McKellar Stephen H. , Koliopoulou Antigone , Alharethi Rami , Kfoury Abdallah G. , Bonios Michael , Adamopoulos Stamatis , Gilbert Edward M. , Fang James C. , Kirklin James K. , Drakos Stavros G.
Published: June 2022

Background:

Our current understanding of right heart failure (RHF) post-left ventricular assist device (LVAD) is lacking. Recently, a new Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support definition of RHF was introduced. Based on this definition, we investigated natural history, risk factors, and outcomes of post-LVAD RHF.

Methods:

Patients implanted with continuous flow LVAD between June 2, 2014, and June 30, 2016 and registered in the Interagency Registry for Mechanically Assisted Circulatory Support/Society of Thoracic Surgeons Database were included. RHF incidence and predictors, and survival after RHF were assessed. The manifestations of RHF which were separately analyzed were elevated central venous pressure, peripheral edema, ascites, and use of inotropes.

Results:

Among 5537 LVAD recipients (mean 57±13 years, 49% destination therapy, support 18.9 months) prevalence of 1-month RHF was 24%. Of these, RHF persisted at 12 months in 5.3%. In contrast, de novo RHF, first identified at 3 months, occurred in 5.1% and persisted at 12 months in 17% of these, and at 6 months occurred in 4.8% and persisted at 12 months in 25%. Higher preimplant blood urea nitrogen (ORs,1.03–1.09 per 5 mg/dL increase;
P
<0.0001), previous tricuspid valve repair/replacement (ORs, 2.01–10.09;
P
<0.001), severely depressed right ventricular systolic function (ORs,1.17–2.20;
P
=0.004); and centrifugal versus axial LVAD (ORs,1.15–1.78;
P
=0.001) represented risk factors for RHC incidence at 3 months. Patients with persistent RHF at 3 months had the lowest 2-year survival (57%) while patients with de novo RHF or RHF which resolved by 3 months had more favorable survival outcomes (75% and 78% at 2 years, respectively;
P
<0.001).

Conclusions:

RHF at 1 or 3 months post-LVAD was a common and frequently transient condition, which, if resolved, was associated with relatively favorable prognosis. Conversely, de novo, late RHF post-LVAD (>6 months) was more frequently a persistent disorder and associated with increased mortality. The 1-, 3-, and 6-month time points may be used for RHF assessment and risk stratification in LVAD recipients.