bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
High-echoic Line Tracing of Transthoracic Echocardiography Accurately Assesses Right Ventricular Enlargement in Adult Patients with Atrial Septal Defect
Authors: Sato Tasuku , Sakamoto Ichiro , Hiasa Ken-ichi , Kawakubo Masateru , Ishikita Ayako , Umemoto Shintaro , Kang Min-Jeong , Sawatari Hiroyuki , Chishaki Akiko , Shigeto Hiroshi , Tsutsui Hiroyuki
Published: June 2022

Purpose: Accurate measurement of right ventricular (RV) size using transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is important for evaluating the severity of congenital heart diseases. The RV end-diastolic area index (RVEDAi) determined using TTE is used to assess RV dilatation; however, the tracing line of the RVEDAi has not been clearly defined by the guidelines. This study aimed to determine the exact tracing method for RVEDAi using TTE.Methods: We retrospectively studied 107 patients with atrial septal defects who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) and TTE. We measured the RVEDAi according to isoechoic and high-echoic lines, and compared it with the RVEDAi measured using CMR. The isoechoic line was defined as the isoechoic endocardial border of the RV free wall, whereas the high-echoic line was defined as the high-echoic endocardial border of the RV free wall more outside than the isoechoic line. Results: RVEDAi measured using high-echoic line (high-RVEDAi) was more accurately related to RVEDAi measured using CMR than that measured using isoechoic line (iso-RVEDAi). The difference in the high-RVEDAi was 0.3 cm2/m2, and the limit of agreement (LOA) was −3.7 to 4.3 cm2/m2. With regard to inter-observer variability, high-RVEDAi was superior to iso-RVEDAi. Conclusion: High-RVEDAi had greater agreement with CMR-RVEDAi than with iso-RVEDAi. High-RVEDAi can become the standard measurement of RV size using two-dimensional TTE.
Genetic identification of the m6A-related gene YTHDF3 as a putative biomarker for breast cancer
Authors: Wang Yu , Shi Yan , Li Xiaohong , Fan Yu
Published: June 2022

Background
Ectopic expression of m6A-related genes is a common feature in a variety of human tumors, but the expression pattern and prognostic value of these genes are poorly understood in breast cancer. This study comprehensively analyzed the expression profile of m6A-related genes and their clinical significance in breast cancer.
Methods
The mRNA expression of m6A-related genes was evaluated from TCGA and GTEx databases. Differences in gene amplification and DNA methylation were analyzed using cBioPortal and MethHC, respectively. Univariate and multivariate Cox survival analyses were performed based on the gene expression and clinical parameters. STRING and Metascape were used to analyze the potential molecular pathways involving these genes.
Results
The majority of m6A-related genes showed significantly differential expression in breast cancer tissue samples, but the correlation with molecular characteristics such as gene promoter methylation and gene amplification was weak. Univariate overall survival analysis suggested that the ectopic expression of RBM15B (p = 0.008), METTL16 (p = 0.013), HNRNPC (p = 0.01), YTHDF1 (p = 0.002), YTHDF3 (p = 0.014), and IGF2BP1 (p < 0.001) were significantly associated with prognosis. Further multivariate Cox regression survival analysis revealed that upregulation of YTHDF3 expression was an independent prognostic factor for the survival of breast cancer patients (HR: 1.024, 90%CI: 1.003–1.046, p = 0.024). This study also found that YTHDF3 was probably not only involved in the processing and metabolism of RNA, but also related to DNA repair, pri-miRNA processing, telomere stability and other important molecular pathways.
Conclusions
m6A-related genes are abnormally expressed in breast cancer and are associated with the prognosis of patients, indicating the potential of these genes as biomarkers for breast cancer, among which YTHDF3 requires further study.
Destruction of localization by thermal inclusions: Anomalous transport and Griffiths effects in the Anderson and André-Aubry-Harper models
Authors: Turkeshi Xhek , Barbier Damien , Cugliandolo Leticia F. , Schirò Marco , Tarzia Marco
Published: June 2022

We discuss and compare two recently proposed toy models for anomalous transport and Griffiths effects in random systems near the Many-Body Localization transitions: the random dephasing model, which adds thermal inclusions in an Anderson Insulator as local Markovian dephasing channels that heat up the system, and the random Gaussian Orthogonal Ensemble (GOE) approach which models them in terms of ensembles of random regular graphs. For these two settings we discuss and compare transport and dissipative properties and their statistics. We show that both types of dissipation lead to similar Griffiths-like phenomenology, with the GOE bath being less effective in thermalising the system due to its finite bandwidth. We then extend these models to the case of a quasi-periodic potential as described by the André-Aubry-Harper model coupled to random thermal inclusions, that we show to display, for large strength of the quasiperiodic potential, a similar phenomenology to the one of the purely random case. In particular, we show the emergence of subdiffusive transport and broad statistics of the local density of states, suggestive of Griffiths like effects arising from the interplay between quasiperiodic localization and random coupling to the baths.
A influência do Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde (PET-Saúde) na formação acadêmica
Authors: Gabriella Regina Duarte  , Luana Naiz  , Denise Vizzotto  , Célia Maria Condeixa de França Lopes  , Helena Maria Antunes Paiano
Published: June 2022

O Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para a Saúde (PET-Saúde) foi instituído pela Portaria Interministerial MS/MEC n.º 1.802/08 e atua como um agente incentivador para a formação de profissionais de saúde com perfil adequado às necessidades de saúde do país. Objetivo: Avaliar a influência do PET-Saúde na formação dos acadêmicos da Universidade da Região de Joinville (Univille). Material e métodos: A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio do preenchimento de um questionário de questões fechadas. A amostra foi composta por 60 acadêmicos, bolsistas e voluntários dos cursos da área da saúde da Univille que atuaram no projeto PET-Saúde (desenvolvido em uma parceria entre a Univille e a Secretaria de Saúde do município de Joinville) nos anos de 2016 a 2019. Resultados: Para 93% dos acadêmicos, o PET-Saúde contribuiu para sua formação profissional de acordo com as necessidades do SUS e possibilitou vivências das estruturas dos serviços públicos de saúde, intensificando na formação acadêmica a abordagem integral do processo saúde-doença e da promoção da saúde. Conclusão: O projeto PET-Saúde possibilitou a oportunidade de formação acadêmico-profissional na linha da integralidade da atenção e do cuidado em saúde.
Gillies temporal acess surgical technique for closed zygomatic arch reduction
Authors: Natália Barbosa de Siqueira  , Mateus Barros Cavalcante  , Bruno Coelho Mendes  , João Victor Soares Rodrigues  , Caroline Brígida Sá Rocha  , Joana de Angelis Alves Silva  , Eduardo Hochuli-Vieira
Published: June 2022

Fracture of the zygomatic arch is one of the most common facial bone fractures. By means of minimally invasive surgeries it is intended to preserve anatomical structures to the maximum, without extensive incisions or dissections, providing the best functional results with less operative trauma, the Gillies approach being widely used in this regard. Objective: To report a clinical case of a patient with a zygomatic arch fracture, in which a reduction was used through the temporal access of Gillies, as well as, guide the surgeon in treatment planning. Case report: Patient AFL, 62 years old, male, was referred to the Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology Service of the Restauração Hospital (Recife / PE), with a history of falling from a height, evolving with fracture of the left zygomatic arch, treated by closed reduction through the temporal access of Gillies. Results: In this way, the Gillies approach proved to be a rather traumatic technique, effective in our case, restoring esthetics and function with minimally invasive surgery. Conclusion: It is effective in our case, restoring aesthetics and function with minimally invasive surgery.
Carcinoma espinocelular invasivo bem diferenciado em cavidade oral: relato de caso
Authors: Lucas Nunes de Brito Silva  , Daniela Ferreira de Oliveira  , Edselma Ferreira de Oliveira  , Ilma Ferreira de Oliveira
Published: June 2022

O carcinoma espinocelular é a neoplasia maligna mais comum da cavidade bucal. Apresenta tabagistas e estilistas crônicos como o maior grupo de risco. Seu surgimento tem predileção pelo sexo masculino, entre a sexta e a sétima décadas de vida. Objetivo: Relatar um caso de carcinoma espinocelular diferenciado e bem invasivo em língua e assoalho de boca. Relato de caso: Paciente do sexo masculino, 66 anos, pardo, agricultor, compareceu ao posto de saúde local queixando-se de fortes dores em região de língua. No exame intraoral, foi possível constatar a presença de uma lesão endofítica em dorso de língua e assoalho de boca, de contorno irregular e bordas enrijecidas. Por meio de biópsia e exame histopatológico, o paciente foi diagnosticado com carcinoma espinocelular e tratado com radioterapia e quimioterapia. Após 5 meses do término do tratamento, houve agravamento da lesão, o que levou ao óbito do paciente enquanto aguardava a cirurgia para retirada da neoplasia. Conclusão: O carcinoma espinocelular tem etiologia multifatorial, e sua abordagem terapêutica dependerá do estadiamento e do grau de diferenciação histológica do tumor.
Preferred Motif for Integrin Binding Identified Using a Library of Randomized RGD Peptides Displayed on Phage
Authors: Healy Judith M. , Haruki Mitsuru , Kikuchi Masakazu
Published: June 2022

We have selected RGD peptides recognized efficiently by integrin av3 through randomization of amino acids flanking the RGD motif. Degenerate RGD peptides were displayed on phage as fusions to the N-terminus of major coat protein Vill of M13 using a specially constructed phagemid vector. Identification of an apparent consensus sequence among ligands preferred by av3 supports the view that amino acids in the vicinity of RGD can influence receptor recognition of phage-peptides. In addition, several phage isolates encoded a potentially cyclic peptide which bound to av3 with superior affinity. Binding assays with cyclic and linear forms of synthetic RGD peptides confirmed the capacity of conformational constraint of RGD to confer high-affinity integrin binding.
Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance- Flipsides of the Same Coin
Authors: Bhardwaj Sonali , Mehra Parul , Dhanjal Daljeet Singh , Sharma Parvarish , Sharma Varun , Singh Reena , Nepovimova Eugenie , Chopra Chirag , Kuča Kamil
Published: June 2022

One of the major global health care crises in the 21st century is antibiotic resistance. Almost all clinically
used antibiotics have resistance emerging to them. Antibiotic Resistance can be regarded as the ‘Faceless
Pandemic’ that has enthralled the entire world. It has become peremptory to develop treatment options as an
alternative to antibiotic therapy for combating antibiotic-resistant pathogens. A clearer understanding of antibiotic
resistance is required to prevent the rapid spread of antibiotic-resistant genes and the re-emergence of
infections. The present review provides an insight into the different classifications and modes of action of antibiotics
to understand how the hosts develop resistance to them. In addition, the association of genetics in the
development of antibiotic resistance and environmental factors has also been discussed, emphasizing developing
action plans to counter this "quiescent pandemic". It is also pertinent to create models that can predict the
early resistance so that treatment strategies may build up in advance with the evolving resistance.
Different Roles of the Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF) Axis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Huang Lixia , Zhou Yanbin , Xu Xiongye , Qiu Yanli , Chen Simin , Wang Shuaishuai , Yang Ruifu , Liu Baomo , Li Yufei , Deng Jiating , Su Yan , Lin Ziying , Gu Jincui , Li Shaoli
Published: June 2022

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains one of the deadliest malignant diseases, with high incidence and mortality worldwide. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis, consisting of IGF-1, IGF-2, related receptors (IGF-1R, -2R), and high-affinity binding proteins (IGFBP 1-6), is associated with promoting fetal development, tissue growth, and metabolism. Emerging studies have also identified the role of the IGF axis in NSCLC, including cancer growth, invasion, and metastasis. Upregulation of IGE-1 and IGF-2, overexpression of IGF-1R, and dysregulation of downstream signaling molecules involved in the PI-3K/Akt and MAPK pathways jointly increase the risk of cancer growth and migration in NSCLC. At the genetic level, some noncoding RNAs could influence the proliferation and differentiation of tumor cells through the IGF signaling pathway. The resistance to some promising drugs might be partially attributed to the IGF axis. Therapeutic strategies targeting the IGF axis have been evaluated, and some have shown promising efficacy. In this review, we summarize the biological roles of the IGF axis in NSCLC, including the expression and prognostic significance of the related components, noncoding RNA regulation, involvement in drug resistance, and therapeutic application. This review offers a comprehensive understanding of NSCLC and provides insightful ideas for future research.
Transdermal Insulin Delivery and Microneedles-based Minimally Invasive Delivery
Systems
Authors: Hong Yichuan , Yu Haojie , Wang Li , Chen Xiang , Huang Yudi , Yang Jian , Ren Shuning
Published: June 2022

Diabetes has become a serious threat to human health, causing death and pain to numerous patients.
Transdermal insulin delivery is a substitute for traditional insulin injection to avoid pain from the injection.
Transdermal methods include non-invasive and invasive methods. As the non-invasive methods could hardly
get through the stratum corneum, minimally invasive devices, especially microneedles, could enhance the
transappendageal route in transcutaneous insulin delivery, and could act as connectors between the tissue and
outer environment or devices. Microneedle patches have been in quick development in recent years and with
different types, materials and functions. In those patches, the smart microneedle patch could perform as a sensor
and reactor responding to glucose to regulate the blood level. In the smart microneedles field, the phenylboronic
acid system and the glucose oxidase system have been successfully applied on the microneedle platform. Insulin
transdermal delivery strategy, microneedles technology and smart microneedles’ development would be discussed
in this review.
The Efficacy of Tribulus terrestris and Cumminum cyminium Against
Sexual Dysfunction in Diabetic Male Rats
Authors: Kumar Ashok , Neupane Netra Prasad , Khalilullah Habibullah , Dahiya Vinesh , Agrawal SS , Verma Amita
Published: June 2022

Aim:

The aim of the study was to assess the efficacy of Tribulus Terristeris and Cumminum cyminium in a standardized diabetic animal model for various pathological conditions of male sexual dysfunction (i.e., loss of libido, erectile dysfunction, and infertility) and compare these herbs with standard drugs.

Background:

The prevalence of sexual dysfunction is about 40-45% adult women, and 20-30% of adult men have at least one sexual dysfunction. Sexual dysfunction is more common in men with diabetes compared to non-diabetic peers.

Objective:

The objective of the study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Tribulus Terrestris (TT) and Cumminum cyminium (CC) against male sexual dysfunction with diabetes.

Methods:

In-vivo animal models were utilized to find out Tribulus terristeris and Cumminum cyminium. Libido study: Sexually active male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups, i.e., control, fluoxetine treated, fluoxetine with Tribulus terristeris, fluoxetine with Cumminum cyminium and fluoxetine with bupriprion. These rats have treated for 28 days by giving different drug for different group. Erection study: Male Wistar rats were divided in 5 group (six in each) i.e. control, diabetic rats, diabetic rats treated with Tribulus terristeris, diabetic rats treated with Cumminum cyminium and diabetic treated with Insulin. The rat penile tissue was taken by scarifying the rats, and in-vitro contraction and relaxation were carried out in two-chamber student organ bath. Sperm analysis: Sperm were collected from previously scarified rats in erection study, and collected sperm were washed, count (using Neubauer haemocytometer), and studied sperm motility.

Results:

Cumminum cyminium showed the significant reversal of loss of desire caused by fluoxetine which was comparable to standard drug bupropion. Insulin and Tribulus terristeris treated diabetic group of rats showed the lowest capability to relax, indicating setting up of erectile dysfunction. Diabetic rats exhibited a significant reduction in sperm density, % sperm motility, and % sperm viability. Insulin and C. cyminium treated diabetic rats showed significant improvement in sperm density, % sperm motility, and % sperm viability.

Conclusion:

Tribulus terristeris at the dose of 100 mg/kg b.w was found to improve erectile function, whereas Cumminum cyminium at the dose of 150 mg/kg b.w was found to improve libido and sperm profile of fluoxetine treated rats.
Toward Improved Treatment and Empowerment of Individuals With Parkinson Disease: Design and Evaluation of an Internet of Things System (Preprint)
Authors: Karni Liran , Jusufi Ilir , Nyholm Dag , Klein Gunnar Oskar , Memedi Mevludin
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Parkinson disease (PD) is a chronic degenerative disorder that causes progressive neurological deterioration with profound effects on the affected individual’s quality of life. Therefore, there is an urgent need to improve patient empowerment and clinical decision support in PD care. Home-based disease monitoring is an emerging information technology with the potential to transform the care of patients with chronic illnesses. Its acceptance and role in PD care need to be elucidated both among patients and caregivers.

OBJECTIVE

Our main objective was to develop a novel home-based monitoring system (named EMPARK) with patient and clinician interface to improve patient empowerment and clinical care in PD.

METHODS

We used elements of design science research and user-centered design for requirement elicitation and subsequent information and communications technology (ICT) development. Functionalities of the interfaces were the subject of user-centric multistep evaluation complemented by semantic analysis of the recorded end-user reactions. The ICT structure of EMPARK was evaluated using the ICT for patient empowerment model.

RESULTS

Software and hardware system architecture for the collection and calculation of relevant parameters of disease management via home monitoring were established. Here, we describe the patient interface and the functional characteristics and evaluation of a novel clinician interface. In accordance with our previous findings with regard to the patient interface, our current results indicate an overall high utility and user acceptance of the clinician interface. Special characteristics of EMPARK in key areas of interest emerged from end-user evaluations, with clear potential for future system development and deployment in daily clinical practice. Evaluation through the principles of ICT for patient empowerment model, along with prior findings from patient interface evaluation, suggests that EMPARK has the potential to empower patients with PD.

CONCLUSIONS

The EMPARK system is a novel home monitoring system for providing patients with PD and the care team with feedback on longitudinal disease activities. User-centric development and evaluation of the system indicated high user acceptance and usability. The EMPARK infrastructure would empower patients and could be used for future applications in daily care and research.
General Demographics and Behavioral Patterns of Visitors Using a Self-help Website for Identification of and Intervention in Alcoholism and Common Mental Disorders in Suriname: Descriptive Study (Preprint)
Authors: Jadnanansing Raj , Dekker Jack , Etwaroo Kajal , Dwarkasing Rudi , Lumsden Vincent , Bipat Robbert , Blankers Matthijs
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Digital health applications have been shown to be an accepted means to provide mental health information and advice in various high- and middle-income countries. Started in 2015, ehealth.sr was the first website to offer preventive information, self-tests, and unguided digital self-help for depression, anxiety symptoms, and problematic alcohol use in Suriname, an upper middle-income country in South America.

OBJECTIVE

This study aimed to assess the general demographics and behavioral patterns of the visitors of ehealth.sr, as well as to evaluate different promotional channels to attract the target audience to the website.

METHODS

Data collection for this study took place between August 2015 and December 2020. Conventional promotion channels such as newspaper and radio advertisements as well as social media advertisements were used to attract users to the website. The number of visits and activity on the website was registered using Google analytics and the website’s internal activity log.

RESULTS

On average, about 115 unique visitors accessed the website per month. The average number of visits to the website increased notably when social media advertisement campaigns were conducted (266 per month in 2018) compared to when traditional advertisements campaigns through papers, radio, and television were used (34 per month in 2019). Of the 1908 new visitors, 1418 (74.32%) were female. On average, visitors accessed 2 (SD 0.3) pages of the website and a session lasted 2.6 (SD 0.9) minutes. The most popular pages for intervention on the website were those for the mood or anxiety screening (731/942, 77.6%) as opposed to those for alcohol screening (211/942, 22.4%). People aged <45 years (on average, 2.2 pages per session for 3.2 minutes) made more use of the website than people aged ≥45 years (on average, 1.7 pages per session for 2 minutes).

CONCLUSIONS

Promotion via social media led to more visitors to the website than newspaper or radio advertisements. Younger age groups and females visited the website more often. The pages on preventive information and brief self-tests were visited more frequently than the self-help modules. In general, user adherence to the website in terms of the average session duration and number of viewed pages per session is low and is a key point of concern for the successful implementation of digital mental health websites.
Digital Scientific Platform for Independent Content in Neurology: Rigorous Quality Guideline Development and Implementation (Preprint)
Authors: Kantor Daniel , Farlow Martin , Ludolph Albert , Montaner Joan , Sankar Raman , Sawyer Jr Robert N , Stocchi Fabrizio , Lara Agnès , Clark Sarah , Deschet Karine , Ouyahia Loucif , Hadjiat Yacine
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Digital communication has emerged as a major source of scientific and medical information for health care professionals. There is a need to set up an effective and reliable methodology to assess and monitor the quality of content that is published on the internet.

OBJECTIVE

The aim of this project was to develop content quality guidelines for Neurodiem, an independent scientific information platform dedicated to neurology for health care professionals and neuroscientists. These content quality guidelines are intended to be used by (1) content providers as a framework to meet content quality standards and (2) reviewers as a tool for analyzing and scoring quality of content.

METHODS

Specific scientific criteria were designed using a 5-point scale to measure the quality of curated and original content published on the website: for Summaries, (1) source reliability and topic relevance for neurologists, (2) structure, and (3) scientific and didactic value; for Congress highlights, (1) relevance of congress selection, (2) congress coverage based on the original program, and (3) scientific and didactic value of individual abstracts; for Expert points of view and talks, (1) credibility (authorship) and topic relevance for neurologists, (2) scientific and didactic value, and (3) reliability (references) and format. The criteria were utilized on a monthly basis and endorsed by an independent scientific committee of widely recognized medical experts in neurology.

RESULTS

Summary content quality for the 3 domains (reliability and relevance, structure, and scientific and didactic value) increased in the second month after the implementation of the guidelines. The domain scientific and didactic value had a mean score of 8.20/10. Scores for the domains reliability and relevance (8-9/10) and structure (45-55/60) showed that the maintenance of these 2 quality items over time was more challenging. Talks (either in the format of interviews or slide deck–supported scientific presentations) and expert point of view demonstrated high quality after the implementation of the content quality guidelines that was maintained over time (15-25/25).

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings support that content quality guidelines provide both (1) a reliable framework for generating independent high-quality content that addresses the educational needs of neurologists and (2) are an objective evaluation tool for improving and maintaining scientific quality level. The use of these criteria and this scoring system could serve as a standard and reference to build an editorial strategy and review process for any medical news or platforms.
Tracking Nicotine and COVID-19 Discourse on Quora : Infodemiology Study Using Topic Modeling and Sentiment Analysis (Preprint)
Authors: Bandari Smrithi , Abidi Samina
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Misinformation in public forums like Quora, regarding vaping or smoking nicotine being a therapeutic and/or preventive treatment for COVID 19 has potential to undermine the efforts to mitigate the pandemic and can be detrimental to public health.

OBJECTIVE

To identify sentiments and topics in the COVID-19 and nicotine related discourse on Quora between March 11, 2020, and August 31, 2021, to better understand public perceptions of the misinformation regarding vaping or smoking nicotine being a therapeutic and/or preventive treatment for COVID-19.

METHODS

Data was obtained from Quora by keyword search followed by web scrapping using Python’s BeautifulSoup library. Topic modelling using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model was used to understand underlying semantics and word prevalence within selected archetypes for the study. Sentimental analysis was performed using hybrid approach that involved two steps: (i) lexicon-based approach with SentiStrength tool was used to capture the positive, negative, and neutral sentiments in the data from a pre-defined lexicon dictionary; (ii) machine learning (ML) approach was used to train the polarities obtained from Step 1 using the Sci-kit (sk) learn framework. The hybrid approach to sentiment analysis resulted in higher accuracy and higher precision of the results.

RESULTS

A total of 19,252 documents were obtained for the analyses. 12 distinct word clouds were generated from the Quora data. Based on their word distribution, 11 clouds were assigned distinct archetypes related to the research objective and one cloud could not be labelled. The results of the sentimental analyses revealed that majority (50%) of the population exhibited neutral sentiments, followed by 26%, that exhibited positive sentiments. Only 24% of the population have negative sentiments against this statement. The XGBOOST algorithm was applied on the data by splitting it into 80% training and 20% testing to improve the performance measurements. Performance evaluation resulted in an accuracy of 86% after fine tuning of the dataset. XGBOOST was the best preforming ML model for this study.

CONCLUSIONS

This research can aid the public health officials to craft the right messages and right education tools for the safety and benefit of the public during such pandemics.
Examining Recruitment Strategies in the Enrollment Cascade of Youth Living With HIV: Descriptive Findings From a Nationwide Web-Based Adherence Protocol (Preprint)
Authors: Gurung Sitaji , Jones Stephen Scott , Mehta Kripa , Budhwani Henna , MacDonell Karen , Belzer Marvin , Naar Sylvie
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Digital strategies and broadened eligibility criteria may optimize the enrollment of youth living with HIV in mobile health adaptive interventions. Prior research suggests that digital recruitment strategies are more efficient than traditional methods for overcoming enrollment challenges of youth living with HIV in the United States.

OBJECTIVE

This study highlights the challenges and strategies that explain screening and enrollment milestones in a national web-based adherence protocol for youth living with HIV.

METHODS

Baseline data from a national web-based HIV adherence protocol for youth living with HIV, collected from July 2018 to February 2021, were analyzed. A centralized recruitment procedure was developed, which used web-based recruitment via Online Master Screener; paid targeted advertisements on social media platforms (eg, Facebook and Reddit) and geosocial networking dating apps (eg, Grindr and Jack’d); and site and provider referrals from Subject Recruitment Venues and other AIDS service organizations, website referrals, and text-in recruitment.

RESULTS

A total of 3 distinct cohorts of youth living with HIV were identified, marked by changes in recruitment strategies. Overall, 3270 individuals consented to screening, 2721 completed screening, 581 were eligible, and 83 completed enrollment. We examined sociodemographic and behavioral differences in completing milestones from eligibility to full enrollment (ie, submitting antiretroviral therapy and viral load data and completing the baseline web-based survey). Those with the most recent viral load tests >6 months ago were half as likely to enroll (odds ratio 0.45, 95% CI 0.21-0.94). Moreover, eligible participants with self-reported antiretroviral therapy adherence (SRA) between 50% and 80% were statistically significant (P<.001 to P=.03) and more likely to enroll than those with SRA >80%.

CONCLUSIONS

The findings add to our knowledge on the use of digital technologies for youth living with HIV before and during the COVID-19 pandemic and provide insight into the impact of expanding eligibility criteria on enrollment. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues and the use of and engagement with social media and dating apps among youth living with HIV changes, these platforms should continue to be investigated as potential recruitment tools. Using a wide variety of recruitment strategies such as using social media and dating apps as well as provider referral mechanisms, increasing compensation amounts, and including SRA in enrollment criteria should continue to be studied with respect to their ability to successfully recruit and enroll eligible participants.

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

RR2-10.2196/11183
Social Determinants of Health and Diabetes-Related Distress in Patients with Uncontrolled Insulin-Dependent Type 2 Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional, Mixed Methods Approach (Preprint)
Authors: Levy Natalie K , Park Agnes , Solis Daniela , Hu Lu , Langford Aisha T , Wang Binhuan , Rogers Erin S
Published: June 2022

BACKGROUND

Social determinants of health (SDOH) refer to the social, economic and psychosocial conditions that influence health. Lower levels of SDOH factors like income, education, and employment are associated with a higher prevalence of diabetes, poorer glycemic control, and increased diabetes-related mortality. Few studies have conducted a comprehensive evaluation of multiple SDOH factors in a population with type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE

To explore SDOH challenges, including diabetes-related distress, across the five domains outlined by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Healthy People 2020 initiative for patients with uncontrolled insulin-dependent diabetes at a safety-net clinic in New York City.

METHODS

The pilot study used a cross-sectional, mixed methods approach. Patients were recruited from three programs within a general internal medicine clinic that provides ambulatory care for patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes. We administered an investigator-developed SDOH survey based on the Healthy People 2020 framework and the validated Diabetes Distress Scale (DDS), which assesses four domains of diabetes-related distress. One-on-one interviews were conducted to gain in-depth information about challenges.

RESULTS

Fifty-seven participants had an average HbA1c of 11% (97 mmol/mol). Ninety-two percent of participants had a barrier in at least one SDOH domain. The most common SDOH barrier was in Health and Health Care (84%), followed by Economic Stability (54%), Neighborhood and Built Environment (53%), Education and Health Literacy (47%) and Social and Community context (37%). Seventy-nine percent of participants had at least moderate diabetes-related distress in one of the four DDS domains. Rich qualitative themes were learned.

CONCLUSIONS

We found high levels of SDOH barriers across all 5 domains of the CDC’s Healthy People 2020 framework, including significant levels of diabetes-related distress. Future programs to address SDOH barriers in patients with uncontrolled insulin-dependent diabetes should consider screening for, and focusing on, a wide range of challenges.
Skin Cancer Detection Using Deep Learning techniques
Authors: Singh Hrithik , Kaushik Shambhavi , Talyan Shruti , Dwivedi Kartikeya
Published: June 2022

Abstract: Skin cancer detection is one of the major prob-lems across the world. Early detection of the skin cancer and its diagnosis is very important for the further treatment of it. Artificial Intelligence has progressed a lot in the field of healthcare and diagnosis and hence skin cancer can also be detected using Machine Leaning and AI. In this research, we have used convolutional neural network for image processing and recognition. The models implemented are Vgg-16, mobilenet, inceptionV3. The paper also reviewed different AI based skin cancer detection models. Here we have used transfer learning method to reuse a pre-trained model also a model from the scratch is also built using CNN blocks. A web app is also featured using HTML, Flask and CSS in which we just have to put the diagnosis image and it will predict the result. Hence, these pre-trained models and a new model from scratch are applied to procure the most optimal model to detect skin cancer using images and web app helps on getting the result at the user end. Thus, the methodology used in this paper if implemented will give improved results of early skin cancer detection using deep learning methods. Index Terms: Skin Cancer, VGG-16, deep learning, convolu-tional neural network, transfer learning.
Design of Web App for Online Food Services
Authors: Pathak Harsh , Gupta Naman , Premaker Dhiren , Garg Preeti
Published: June 2022

Abstract: Online Food Ordering has become an indispensable part of everyone's lives. The internet has grown so big on a various scale like what was it before and that has greatly affected the lifestyle of the whole world. This introduced a new concept of online ordering and delivery of food services. Thus, Online Food Ordering Application primarily helps in delivering the following tasks of order and delivery of food services. The online food ordering system provides convenience and is made for catering to the needs of the customers. Nowadays every person prefers to order food online rather than cooking food at home because of the quick and easy availability of these services. Because the meal menu is available online, it is simple to keep track of orders, manage a client database, and improve the quality of food delivery service. This technology enables the user to choose the meal items that they want from a menu that is provided. The meal products are ordered by the user. The information about the user is kept confidential and is only saved in the database if necessary. Each user is assigned a unique id and password that cannot be shared. As a result, it allows for the ordering of food products safely. Keywords: Web application, food ordering, Online, graphic, Rating.
Genome Sequence Analysis of Lungs Cancer Protein WDR74 (WD Repeat-Containing Protein)
Authors: Virk Navjot Kaur , Kumari Uma
Published: June 2022

Abstract: There are over 200 distinct forms of cancer, and all are diagnosed and treated differently. According to the WHO Global Cancer Observatory, 19,292,789 cases new cases of cancer were diagnosed in 2020, with breast (11.7% cases), lung (11.4%), and Colorectum (10% cases) becoming the three most common. Lung cancer is one of the most often diagnosed malignancies and the biggest cause of cancer-related deaths globally, with an estimated 220 million new cases and 179 million deaths every year. It is extremely invasive, quickly spreading, and cause death in both sexes. In light of both core genetic abnormalities and therapy response, lung cancer is a highly diverse ailment. WDR74 protein predominantly controls WNT signaling pathways in lung cancer. Wnt-responsive genes such as c-myc and cyclin D1 have been linked to cell proliferation, whereas caspase 3, caspase 9, and MDR1 have been linked to chemo-resistance and death. WDR74 had regulatory impacts on these genes. In lung cancer cells, WDR74 influenced several biological processes in lung cancer cells by modulating these genes. Abnormal activation of the Wnt/-catenin signalling pathway promotes a number of cellular functions such as proliferation, cell cycle progression, aggressiveness, and chemoresistance, specifically in Lung cancer. Our study uses local alignment to establish WDR74 sequence similarity, and then uses multiple sequence alignment to compare homologous sequences. We then used software to scan the sequence for open reading frames (ORFs) to see if WDR74 had main mutations. The study's findings include a brief summary of the top five protein matches from well-studied reference species in the database, as well as a graphical summary and phylogenetic tree development. The study also suggested the open reading frame with the primary mutation, as well as the start and stop codon positions. Keyword: Lung cancer, WDR74, ORF, Local alignment, Multiple sequence alignment, BLAST, CLUSTAL OMEGA, COBALT, SMART BLAST.
Seismic Assessment of Unreinforced Concrete Block Masonry Buildings Before and After Retrofitting: A Case Study
Authors: Verma Jaineshwar , Parihar Satish
Published: June 2022

Abstract: This article presents the results of a case study on the performance of unreinforced concrete block masonry building system. The configuration and materials used for the single-story building are typical of those found in the northern areas of 2005 Kashmir earthquake. The retrofitting of the building was done using Ferro-cement overlay and cement based grout injection. Combined shear and flexure failure was observed during the test before retrofitting. The lateral load capacity of the retrofitted building was significantly improved and the damage mechanism was transformed from mixed compression-flexureshear to a more stable flexural rocking mode. Damage patterns and deformation behavior of the retrofitted structure are compared to the intact structure to quantify the benefits of retrofitting scheme, which is proposed as an efficient approach for the rehabilitation of the existing buildings. Study data were analyzed and presented in the form of force-deformation loops and envelope curves. Based on the measured data, different performance levels before and after retrofitting of the structure have been established. The results from this study are expected to guide future efforts on development of design recommendations and vulnerability assessment of buildings. Keywords: Earthquake; Unreinforced Concrete Block Masonry; Retrofitting; Quasi Static Test; Ferro-Cement Overlay; Rehabilitation; Vulnerability assessment;
Plant Disease Detection
Authors: Manvi Goutami G , K N Gayana , Sree G Ramya , Divyanjali K , Patil Dr Kirankumari
Published: June 2022

Abstract: Plant growth is major requirement for framers, as it creates a path for their living, plants getting affected and their growth is related hand in hand. Framers strive to cultivate healthy crops; in spite of it plants getting affected are the major cause of crop failure. Plant disease is now the risk factor not only for framers but also to customers, environment and global economy. Immoderate pesticide usage is the cause for major health issues in plants. Plant disease detection using image processing can be the best way to predict and get accurate results. This project is based on deep convolutional neural networks which enhances the accuracy and training efficiency. This application will help many farmers who are uneducated to get correct information about diseases and help increase their yield. We are fostering a web application that can distinguish plant infection. The objective is to distinguish different plant infection by checking picture out. By utilizing CNN Algorithm we can identify the plant disease precisely. By the results of accuracy it shows this model is better than any traditional framing. Keywords: Plant Diseases, Deep Learning, Convolutional Neural Networks
Blended Approaches to Improve the Efficiency of Admissions to University affiliated MBA Program in the Selected Districts of North Karnataka
Authors: Ulaya Mr. Anand , Ainapur Dr. Pooja , Gudi Prof. Shreevasta
Published: June 2022

Abstract: India is known for its huge student population and students from around the globe come to India for higher studies. Management education is a booming sector as India is a major player in management education. There are more than 10,000 HEIs in the management sector. As competition is high in management sector, students will choose the best colleges for admission. To attract potential students to any college, the college has to use novel cost effective approaches. This study is aimed at recognizing and discovering the efficiency of hybrid approaches in refining MBA admissions and attracting quality students through conventional methods. The admission strategy in across India may vary and it is a totally different approach for MBA colleges in North Karnataka. The approach is complex as it has many facets like educating, engaging, training, influencing parents, guardians and students at multiple touchpoints. This study uses the survey research method with the help of a research questionnaire, data collection, analysis using excel etc. The results predicted that hybrid approaches can progress student enrolment year after year. Keywords: Admissions Practices, Higher Education, Educational Usage of Social Media, Educational Technology
TradeMarker: Artificial Intelligence Based Trademarks Similarity Search Engine
Authors: Singh Yuvraj , Mane Sambhaji , Dhumal Vaibhav
Published: June 2022

Abstract: A trademark is a mark used by a company or a private human for the purpose of marking products or services that they manufacture or trade in. A restriction on the use of the trademark is necessary to enable sellers and manufacturers to build a reputation for themselves, to differentiate themselves from their competitors and thereby promote their businesses. In addition, the restriction also serves consumers and prevents their misuse by a name similar to another product. This restriction is done through the formal examination and approval of the trademarks. This process entails trademark examination against other approved trademarks which is currently a long manual process performed by experienced examiners. Current state-of-the-art trademark similarity search systems attempt to provide a single metric to quantify trademark similarities to a given mark [6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11]. In this work we introduce a new way to carry out this process, by simultaneously conducting several independent searches on different similarity aspects - Automated content similarity, Image/pixel similarity, Text similarity, and Manual content similarity. This separation enables us to benefit from the advantages of each aspect, as opposed to combining them into one similarity aspect and diminishing the significance of each one of them Keywords: CNN, OCR, Image processing, Numpy, Scipy, Spyder
Rocker Bogie
Authors: Dhawale Mohit , Bedarkar Rohan , Warudkar Raj , Mohod Shantanu , Dhawale Devanshu , Joshi Tanmay , Bansod Prof. Y. D.
Published: June 2022

Abstract: The Rocker-Bogie Mobility System was design to be used at slow speeds. It is capable of overcoming obstacles that are on the order of the size of the wheels. However, when surmounting a sizable obstacle, the vehicle motion effectively stops while the front wheel climbs the obstacle. When operating at slow speed, dynamic shocks are minimized when this happens. For many future planetary missions, rovers will have to operate at human level of speeds. Shocks resulting from the impact of the front wheel against an obstacle could damage the payload or the vehicle. This paper describes a method of driving a Rocker-Bogie vehicle so that it can effectively step over most obstacle rather than impacting over them. Most of the benefits of this method can be achieved without any modification to existing design only a change in control strategy. Some mechanical modification changes are suggested to gather the maximum benefits and to greatly increase the effective operational speed of future rovers. Keywords: rocker, bogie, mars-rover, suspension, obstacles
Wireless Remote Controlled Linear Actuator Lamp
Authors: Awari Ravindra , Barudwale Shreyas , Raundal Sneha
Published: June 2022

Abstract: A radio frequency (RF) signal refers to a wireless electromagnetic signal used as a form of communication if one is discussing wireless electronics. Radio waves are a form of electromagnetic radiation with identified radio frequencies that range from 3kHz to 300 GHz. Any electronic device is termed sophisticated, regarding the magnitude of human-device interface and thus enhancing the need to control any device to enable optimum utilization in any application. The ability to control any device needs the help of an intermediate device which acts as a medium between the human and device. This project’s goal is to create a lamp which can move upwards and downwards using linear actuator and can be controlled remotely. Atmega328p Microcontroller which is an open-source hardware and software that designs and manufactures single board microcontroller kits for building digital devices and interactive objects that can sense and control both physically and digitally. Keywords: Radio frequency, Wireless/Remotely, Atmega328p, Linear actuator, Lamp, Human-Device Interface.