bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Longer Duration of Prenatal Treatment and Intravenous Specific Drug Can Reducing Mortality of Pregnant Patient With Idiopathic Pulmonary Artery Hypertension: An Observational Case Series
Authors: Mingwang Jia , Changhong Shi , Mingmei Xiong , Guangyuan Liao , Dunjin Chen , Yichun Wang
Published: June 2022

Background
Pulmonary hypertension has a high mortality rate in pregnant women, especially idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension. To better understand this disease, we performed a retrospective chart review of pregnant idiopathic pulmonary artery hypertension patients admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University between June 2016 and May 2021.
Methods
The medical records were reviewed to identify all pregnant women with IPAH between 2010 and 2016. Obstetric data include prenatal, sub partum, and postpartum characteristics were collected in the study. We divided patients into survival and non-survival groups and compared the two groups' differences.
Results
Hospital length of predelivery was longer in the survival group (61.00[42.00, 102.00] vs 4.00[2.75, 14.00], P = 0.02), and the falling value of PAP (admission - delivery)was higher in the survival group than non-survival group (4.00[0.00, 16.75] vs 0.00[0.00, 0.00], P = 0.03). There were significant differences in Treprostinil (P = 0.01), ICU stays (P < 0.01), and hospital length of stay (P < 0.01) between the survival and non-survival groups.
Conclusions
Prenatal treatment duration and reduction of PAP are essential in reducing mortality. The application of intravenous specific drugs also plays a vital role in the prognosis of patients.
Prognostic Factors Analysis for Regenerative Endodontic Procedures: a Retrospective Study of 116 Cases
Authors: Zeng Qian , Zhang Jianying , Guo Jiang , Liu Shuya , Yang Maobin , Lin Jiacheng
Published: June 2022

Objective
to investigate preoperative factors that may influence the root development of regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs).
Patients and Methods
A total of 116 teeth in 110 patients treated with REPs in the Paediatric Dentistry Department and Endodontics Department from 2013 to 2017 were included in this study. Factors including aetiology, age, preoperative diagnosis and initial root morphology were collected retrospectively, and the associations between these factors and root development after REPs were analysed by Fisher's exact test and multivariate logistic regression model.
Results
The overall rate of root development after REPs was 89.7%. The dens evaginatus group showed a higher rate (98.8%) in root development than the trauma group (67.6%) (P < 0.01). There was no significant difference among the different age groups (7–13 years old) or among different preoperative diagnoses regarding root development (P > 0.05). And it showed in the trauma group that the teeth with apical foramen sizes larger than 3 mm obviously continued root development than those smaller than 3 mm (P < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression indicated that aetiology was significantly correlated with root development of REPs (OR: 1.31, 95% CI: 0.007, 0.627, P < 0.05).
Conclusions
In the limitation of the present study, aetiology was correlated with the root development of REPs and the REPs achieved better outcomes in the cases caused by dens evaginatus than the trauma cases.
Clinical Relevance
Aetiology would be considered in the case selection of REPs for immature permanent teeth with necrotic pulp.
A novel linear uncertainty propagation method for nonlinear dynamics with interval process
Authors: Zhang Licong , Li Chunna , Su Hua , Wang Xiaoding , Gong Chunlin
Published: June 2022

Interval process is a preferable model for time-varying uncertainty propagation of dynamic systems when only the range of uncertainties can be obtained. However, for nonlinear systems, except Monte Carlo (MC) simulation, there are still few efficient uncertainty propagation methods under the interval process model. This paper develops a non-intrusive and semi-analytical uncertainty propagation method, named ‘Convex Model Linearization Method (CMLM)’, by constructing a linearization formulation of a nonlinear system in a non-probabilistic sense. First, the criterion to evaluate the difference between the original system and the linearization formulation is derived, represented by discrepancy of middle-point, radius, and correlations of response. By minimizing these three parameters, the coefficients of linear equations will be optimized to obtain the linearization formulation of the original system. Then, the analytical equations are built to calculate uncertainty response under the interval process, without time-consuming analysis of the original system. To further improve the efficiency of the linearization process, Chebyshev-polynomial is introduced to approximate the nonlinear dynamic analysis. Two numerical examples that duffing oscillator and vehicle ride are set to tested the proposed CMLM. Compared to MC method, with comparable uncertainty response precision, the CMLM just need 1%-10% times of dynamic analysis of the nonlinear system. Furthermore, a practical launch vehicle ascent trajectory problem with black-box dynamics is solved by, respectively, the CMLM and MC method. The results verify the capacity of the CMLM to deal with black-box problems and show that the CMLM performs better in terms of accuracy, efficiency and robustness.
Catch bond models explain how force amplifies TCR signaling and antigen discrimination
Authors: Choi Hyun-Kyu , Li Kaitao , Rushdi Muaz , Ge Chenghao , Chen Wei , Lou Jizhong , Zhu Cheng
Published: June 2022

Central to T cell biology, the T cell receptor (TCR) integrates forces in its triggering process upon interaction with peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC). Phenotypically, forces elicit TCR catch-slip bonds with strong pMHCs but slip-only bonds with weak pMHCs. While such correlation is generally observed, the quantitative bond pattern and degree of “catchiness” vary. We developed two models based on the structure, elastic properties, and force-induced conformational changes of the TCR–pMHC-I/II complexes to derive from their bond characteristics more intrinsic parameters that underlie structural mechanisms, predict T cell signaling, and discriminate antigens. Applying the models to all published 48 datasets of 11 TCRs and their mutants interacting with corresponding pMHCs without coreceptor engagement revealed the ability for structural and physical parameters to quantitatively integrate and classify a broad range of bond behaviors and biological activities. The extensive comparisons between theory and experiment allowed us to validate the models and identify specific conformational changes that control bond profiles, thereby providing structural insights into the inner workings of the TCR mechanosensing machinery and explaining why and how force amplifies TCR signaling and antigen discrimination.
Differential diagnosis of benign and malignant patchy ground-glass opacity by thin-section computed tomography
Authors: Liang Zhangrui , Ye Min , Lv Fa-jin , Fu Bin-jie , Lin Rui-yu , Li Wang-jia , Chu Zhi-gang
Published: June 2022

Background: Previous studies confirmed that ground-glass nodules (GGNs) with certain CT manifestations had a higher probability of malignancy. However, differentiating patchy ground-glass opacities (GGOs) and GGNs has not been discussed solely. This study aimed to investigate the differences between the CT features of benign and malignant patchy GGOs to improve the differential diagnosis.Methods: From January 2016 to September 2021, 226 patients with 247 patchy GGOs (103 benign and 144 malignant) confirmed by postoperative pathological examination or follow-up were retrospectively enrolled. Their clinical and CT data were reviewed, and their CT features were compared. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed to reveal the predictors of malignancy.Results: Compared to patients with benign patchy GGOs, malignant cases were older (P < 0.001), had a lower incidence of malignant tumor history (P = 0.003), and more commonly occurred in females (P = 0.012). Based on CT images, there were significant differences in the location, distribution, density pattern, internal bronchial changes, and boundary between malignant and benign GGOs (P < 0.05). The binary logistic regression analysis revealed that the independent predictors of malignant GGOs were the following: patient age ≥58 years [odds ratio (OR), 2.175; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.135-6.496; P = 0.025], locating in the upper lobe (OR, 5.481; 95%CI, 2.027-14.818; P = 0.001), distributing along the bronchovascular bundles (OR, 12.770; 95%CI, 4.062-40.145; P < 0.001), centrally distributed solid component (OR, 3.024; 95%CI, 1.124-8.133; P = 0.028), and well-defined boundary (OR, 5.094; 95%CI, 2.079-12.482; P < 0.001).Conclusions: In older patients (≥58 years), well-defined patchy GGOs with centric solid component, locating in the upper lobe, and distributing along the bronchovascular bundles should be highly suspected as malignancy.
Progress of India's Achievement Towards Sustainable Development Goal 6 (Ensure Availability & Sustainable Management of Water & Sanitation for All) in the 2030 Agenda
Authors: Biswas Sourav , Dandapat Biswajit , Alam Asraful , Satpati Lakshmi Narayan
Published: June 2022

Background: Clean water and sanitation are global public health issues. Safe drinking water and sanitation are essential, especially for children, to prevent acute and chronic illness death and sustain a healthy life. The UN General Assembly announced the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and 169 goals for the 2030 Agenda on 25 September 2015. SDG 6 is very important because it affects other SDG (1, 2,3,5,11,14 & 15). The present study deals with the national and state-wise analysis of the current status & to access deficiency of India's achievement towards SDG 6 (clean water and sanitation for all) for the 2030 agenda based on targets 6.1, 6.2,6.4,6.6 from 2012 to 2020. Materials & methods: Data of different indicator of SDG 6 are collected from different secondary sources - NSS 69th (2012) & 76th (2018) round; CGWB annual report 2018-2019 & 2016-2017; NARSS (2019-20); SBM-Grameen (2020). To understand overall achievement towards SDG 6 in the 2030 agenda, the goal score (arithmetic mean of normalised value) has been calculated. Major findings: According to NSS data, 88.7% of Indian households had enough drinking water from primary drinking water sources throughout the year, while 79.8% of households had access to toilet facilities in 2018. As per 2019-2021 goal score for state & UTs in rural India based on SDG 6 indicator, SDG 6 achiever state & UTs (100%) are Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh & Andaman & Nicobar Islands. Conclusion: Drinking water and sanitation for all ensure a healthy life. It is a matter of concern for the government, policymakers, and people to improve the condition where the goal score and indicator value of SDG 6 are low.
Kinetic Study of Thermal Decomposition of Sugarcane Bagasse Pseudo-Components at Typical Pretreatment Conditions: Towards the Establishment of a Feasible Primary Biorefining
Authors: Bahú Juliana Otavia , De Souza Leticia Mayuri Aiacyda , Gariboti Julio César de Jesus , Rivera Elmer Ccopa , Felisbino Romilda Fernandez , Filho Rubens Maciel , Tovar Laura Plazas
Published: June 2022

A deeper understanding of the kinetics and thermodynamics parameters of sugarcane bagasse (SCB) thermal degradation could define appropriate conditions for primary biorefining in the production of renewable fuels. In this work, the kinetics of thermal degradation of SCB’s high polymers are investigated through thermogravimetric data. From this data, model-free and model fitting methods are used to calculate apparent activation energies (Ea) and other related kinetic parameters. DTG curves present three major peaks associated with pseudo-components (PSEs): PSE 1 (hemicelluloses + extractives and lignin), PSE 2 (cellulose + extractives and lignin), and PSE 3 (lignin + extractives and residual holocelluloses). An essential advance is related to the quantitative interpretation of the degradation process by multi-stage modeling governed by diffusion-controlled reactions and order-based models. The Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose method provided Ea ranges of 124–154, 147–153, and 230–530 kJ‧mol-1, while the ranges obtained by the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa method were 120–152, 144–150, and 232–545 kJ‧mol-1, both for PSE 1, PSE 2, and PSE 3, respectively. Data could support the calculation of many critical operating parameters in biorefinery process, such as the pretreatment minimum temperature. SCB biorefining could lead to a degradation of up to 10, 0.5, and 11% for PSE 1, PSE 2, and PSE 3, respectively, at 473.15 K for 200 min. Thermodynamic parameters (∆H, ∆G, and ∆S) determined SCB endothermic and non-spontaneous thermal degradation.
Intraoperative hepatic subcapsular spider-like telangiectasia sign for the definitive diagnosis of biliary atresia
Authors: Zhang Kaizhi , Jin zhu , Tang Yan , Liu rui , Zheng Zebing , Tang Chengyan , Liu Yuanmei
Published: June 2022

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of intraoperative hepatic subcapsular spider-like telangiectasia (HSST) sign for differentiating biliary atresia (BA) from other causes of hepatic cholestasis.Methods: The data of 69 patients with jaundice treated from January 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on intraoperative cholangiography (IOC), the patients were divided into two groups: BA group (n = 49) and non-BA group (n = 20). The biochemistry tests, liver ultrasound, liver stiffness and HSST sign of the two groups were compared.Results: The incidence of abnormal gallbladder, elevated γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GGT) >182.0U/L and abnormal liver stiffness (>6.4kPa) in BA group were significantly higher than those in non-BA group (P < 0.001). The HSST sign was present in all BA patients and not found in non-BA group. The area under receiver operating curve of direct bilirubin, γ-GGT, abnormal gallbladder, liver stiffness value and HSST sign were 0.53, 0.84, 0.78, 0.96, and 1.00, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of HSST sign in the diagnosis of BA were all 100%.Conclusion: Presence of HSST sign on diagnostic laparoscopy or laparotomy is highly suggestive of BA. If the HSST sign is present on laparoscopy, then IOC can be avoided.
Combined sclerotherapy followed by surgical resection of a large extracranial venous malformation in a 14-month-old child : preoperative workup and technical note
Authors: Lavé Alexandre , Yilmaz Hasan , Rosi Andrea , Paun Luca , Patet Gildas , Bartoli Andrea
Published: June 2022

Introduction : Venous malformations affect around 2 per 10,000 newborn and are the most common type of congenital vascular malformation. They are always present at birth and are often misdiagnosed with hemangiomas. Accurate diagnosis and adequate targeted therapy through a multidisciplinary approach is advocated for a successful treatment, considering a combination of modalities in complex cases. We present here the workup and treatment of a venous malformation in a 14 month old child by combining a preoperative sclerotherapy with sodium tetradecyl sulfate (STS) followed by complete surgical excision respecting the calvarium.Case Presentation : A large right extracranial fronto-parietal venous malformation and scalloping of the underlying calvarium, attached to the pericranium, surgically excised after preoperative sclerotherapy with STS in a 14-month-old child. Results : The patient had an uneventful postoperative course with complete resection of the lesion , satisfying cosmetic appearance and no complications. Histopathological examination confirmed a venous malformation.Conclusion : We demonstrated the workup and the rationale of the combined sclerotherapy followed by surgical resection of a large growing extracranial venous malformation. Preoperative direct contrast injection and sclerotherapy allowed to rule out significative extracranial to intracranial venous inflow and reduce blood loss for the surgical procedure, respectively. Complete removal of the malformation minimized the impact on future growth of the calvarium.
Jalili Syndrome: A new pathogenic mutation of CNNM4 gene
Authors: Jamali Sara , Shirzadeh Sina , Alerasool Masoome , Kayedpoor Parvin , Mojarrad Majid
Published: June 2022

Jalili syndrome (JS) is a rare autosomal recessive with two cardinal symptoms including cone-rod dystrophy (CRD) and amelogenesis imperfecta (AI). This disease caused by different mutations on the metal transporter gene CNNM4 located on 2q11. This report described an Iranian family with clinical features of JS and phenotypic variability in terms of ocular and dental findings. The parents were healthy and consanguineous, but three out of their four offspring shared an oculo-dental phenotype. Dental and ocular examination shows CRD and AI. Enamel destruction and Ocular symptoms began in their childhood. Whole exome sequencing (WES) in the proband identified a novel homozygous mutation (c.G1423A:p.V475M) in the CNNM4 gene. These findings suggested that the p.V475M mutation in homozygous state induces a complete phenotype with both CRD and AI.
Posterior translation of the radial head in magnetic resonance imaging of lateral epicondylitis: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Saeki Masaomi , Yamamoto Michiro , Tatebe Masahiro , Kurimoto Shigeru , Yoneda Hidemasa , Hirata Hitoshi
Published: June 2022

Background:Disruption of the lateral collateral ligament complex (LCLC) causes posterolateral rotatory instability (PLRI). This is usually post-trauma but may also result from lateral epicondylitis. The present study examined the amount of posterior translation of the radial head related to LCLC injury, Common extensor tendon (CET) injury, and Baker classification in patients with lateral epicondylitis.Methods:We retrospectively evaluated the findings for patients with lateral epicondylitis of the humerus who underwent surgery at our institution between April 2016 and July 2021. Fifteen elbows with preoperative coronal and sagittal MR images were included. We evaluated posterior translation of the radial head on sagittal elbow MRI and compared it according to LCLC and CET lesion classifications in lateral epicondylitis.Results:Mean patient age was 49 years. All patients received single or multiple steroid injections before surgery. In the LCLC classification, four, nine, and two lesions were classified as LCLC0, LCLC1, and LCLC2, respectively. The mean radio-humeral distance (RHD) values for the LCLC lesions were 0.65 mm in LCLC0, 2.46 mm in LCLC1, 2.22 mm in LCLC2. RHD was significantly greater in LCLC1 than in LCLC0. In the CET classification, five, six, and four lesions were classified as CET1, CET2, and CET3, respectively. The mean RHD values for the CET lesions were 1.33 mm in CET1, 2.68 mm in CET2, 1.48 mm in CET3.Conclusions:Posterior translation of the radial head on MRI in patients with lateral epicondylitis is greater in cases with LCLC lesions than in those with normal findings.
Utility of the desmopressin test in diagnosing silent corticotroph adenomas
Authors: Matsuda Yayoi , Sakamoto Ryuichi , Shiraishi Hiroki , Yamashita Saori , Nakao Hiroshi , Terada Eriko , Ogata Masatoshi , Miyazaki Yoshiko , Yamamoto Hidetaka , Kuga Daisuke , Yoshimoto Koji , Ogawa Yoshihiro
Published: June 2022

Purpose: Silent corticotroph adenomas (SCAs) are difficult to diagnose in patients with non-functioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs). This study investigated the diagnostic performance of the desmopressin test (DT) for SCA in patients with NFPAs.Methods: This prospective study was conducted at a single referral center. 37 patients with NFPAs were recruited, including 13 patients with SCA and 24 without SCA. All patients underwent corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) testing and preoperative DT. Early postoperative CRH tests and DT were performed in patients with SCA. Radiological and endocrinological characteristics, surgical outcomes, and results of the CRH test and DT were compared between the SCA and non-SCA groups.Results: Preoperative DT showed a higher absolute adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) increment (ΔACTH), absolute cortisol increment (ΔCort), percentage ACTH change (% ΔACTH), and percentage absolute cortisol change (% ΔCort) in patients with SCAs than in those without SCAs. ΔACTH greater than 9.9 pg/mL led to 100% sensitivity and 92% specificity. Total resection was achieved in 31% (4/13) of patients with SCA. When postoperative DT data were compared according to SCA remnant status, ΔACTH ≧ 5.2 pg/mL showed 100% sensitivity and 75% specificity with an accuracy rate of 91%.Conclusion: DT can be used to diagnose and detect tumor remnants in patients with SCA.
Pathogenic/likely pathogenic copy number variations and regions of homozygosity in fetal central nervous system malformations
Authors: Zhi Yunxiao , Liu Ling , Cui Shihong
Published: June 2022

Objective To explore pathogenic/likely pathogenic copy number variations (p/lp CNVs) and regions of homozygosity (ROH) in fetal central nervous system (CNS) malformations. Methods Clinical data from 539 fetuses with CNS malformations diagnosed by ultrasound / MRI and chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) was performed at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2016 to December 2019 were collected retrospectively. The fetuses were divided into two groups according to whether they had other structural abnormalities. The CNS phenotypes of the two groups were further classified into the simple or complicated type (≥2 types). Results (1) A total of 35 cases of p/lp CNVs were found. The incidence of p/lp CNVs in extra-CNS group 18.00 % (9 / 50) was greater than isolated group 5.32 % (26 / 489) (P < 0.01), while the simple type and complicated type has no statistical significance. (2) In the simple type, the three most common p/lp CNVs phenotypes were holoprosencephaly, Dandy-Walker syndrome, and exencephaly. There were no p/lp CNVs associated with anencephaly, microcephaly, arachnoid cysts, ependymal cysts, intracranial hemorrhage. (3) Only four cases of ROH were found, there were no cases of uniparental disomy or autosomal diseases. Conclusion The p/lp CNVs detection rate varied significantly among the different phenotypes of CNS malformations. While simple central nervous system abnormalities may be associated with genetic syndromes, CMA is not necessary for all CNS malformations. It is likely that ROH are not required for central nervous system malformations.
DNA methylation at insulin-insulin like growth factor 2 is associated with prenatal exposure to sulfur dioxide and childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms
Authors: Choi Yoon-Jung , Cho Jinwoo , Hong Yun-Chul , Lee Dong-wook , Moon Sungji , Park Soo Jin , Lee Kyung-shin , Shin Choong Ho , Lee Young Ah , Kim Bung-Nyun , Kaminsky Zachary , Kim Johanna Inhyang , Lim Youn-Hee
Published: June 2022

Backgrounds: Epigenetic influence plays a role in the association between exposure to air pollution and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, research regarding sulfur dioxide (SO2) is scarce. Herein, we investigate the associations between prenatal SO2 exposure and ADHD rating scale (ARS) scores at ages 4, 6, and 8 years repeatedly in a mother-child cohort (n = 329). Whole blood samples were obtained at ages 2 and 6 years, and genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) was analyzed for 51 children using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation BeadChip. We analyzed the associations between prenatal SO2 exposure and DNAm levels at ages 2 and 6, and investigated the association between the DNAm levels at the significant CpGs and ARS at ages 4, 6, and 8. Weighted gene co-methylation network analysis was conducted to detect modules weighted for prenatal SO2 exposure and ARS.Results: Prenatal SO2 exposure was associated with ADHD symptoms. DNAm levels at the 6 CpGs (cg07583420 (INS-IGF2), cg05075097 (INS-IGF2), cg25163476 (INS-IGF2), cg20296524 (TARBP1), cg15705054 (PBXIP1), and cg05951817 (SLC6A4)) at age 2 were associated with prenatal SO2 exposure levels; however, DNAm at age 6 was not associated with prenatal SO2 exposure. Of the 6 CpGs, 5 were grouped into a module correlated with prenatal SO2 exposure and ARS, of which cg07583420 (INS-IGF2) was persistently linked with ARS at ages 4, 6, and 8. Conclusions: Changes in DNAm levels associated with prenatal SO2 exposure during early childhood are linked to increases in ARS in later childhood.
Prognostic and immunological potential of PPM1G in lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Yin Rongjiang , Qu Li , Tang Jian , Yang Donglin , Gu Hua , Du Pengchao , Dong Menghua
Published: June 2022

BackgroundLung cancer is one of the malignant tumors with the worst incidence rate and mortality, and the prognosis is very poor. PPM1G is a serine/threonine phosphatase，which is involved in the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. However, there are few reports on the role of PPM1G in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).MethodsIn this study, We used public data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases to evaluate the expression of PPM1G in LUAD and the relationship between PPM1G expression and prognosis of patients with LUAD.Immunohistochemical staining of PPM1G in lung cancer tissues was detected by HPA database. The correlation between PPM1G and cancer immune signatures was analyzed by single sample gene set enrichment analysis (SSGSEA) on TCGA databases. Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression were used to analyze the prognosis. ResultsOur results showed that PPM1G is highly expressed in cancer tissues of LUAD. The high expression of PPM1G was related with poor clinical stage, T stage, N stage and overall survival in LUAD. We screened 29 genes related to PPM1G and closely related to the cell cycle of LUAD patients. The expression of PPM1G was positively correlated with immune cells TGD, Th2 cells, NK cd56dim cells, and was negatively correlated with B cells, Mast cells, pDC, T helper cells, Macrophages, T cells,CD8 T cells, Tcm, Tem, Neutrophils and TFH. PPM1G was positively correlated with immune detection points. ConclusionsIn conclusion, PPM1G may be involved in the control of lung cancer cell cycle and is associated with prognosis and immune infiltration in patients with LUAD.
Transplanted hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells alleviated small intestinal ischaemia–reperfusion injury via intrinsic and paracrine mechanisms in a rat model
Authors: Gao Yang , Chen Haoyuan , Cang Xueyu , Chen Hongliang , Di Yuzhu , Qi Jihan , Cai Huimin , Luo Kunpeng , Jin Shizhu
Published: June 2022

Background
Small intestinal ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is a common intestinal disease with high morbidity and mortality. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been increasingly used in various intestinal diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of hair follicle MSCs (HFMSCs) on small intestinal IR injury.
Methods
We divided Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats into three groups: the sham group, IR group and IR + HFMSCs group. A small intestinal IR injury rat model was established by clamping of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) for 30 minutes and reperfusion for 2 hours. HFMSCs were cultured in vitro and injected into the rats through the tail vein. Seven days after treatment, the intrinsic homing and differentiation characteristics of the HFMSCs were observed by immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical staining, and the paracrine mechanism of HFMSCs was assessed by Western blotting and ELISA.
Results
A small intestinal IR injury model was successfully established. HFMSCs could home to damaged sites, express PCNA and intestinal stem cell (ISC) markers, and promote small intestinal ISC marker expression. The expression levels of ANG1, VEGF and IGF1 in the IR + HFMSCs group were higher than those in the IR group. HFMSCs could prevent IR-induced apoptosis by increasing Bcl-2 expression and decreasing Bax expression. Oxidative stress level detection showed that the MDA content was decreased, while the SOD content was increased in the IR + HFMSCs group compared to the IR group. An elevated DAO level reflected the protective effect of HFMSCs on the intestinal mucosal barrier.
Conclusions
HFMSCs can alleviate small intestinal IR injury through intrinsic homing to the small intestine and by differentiating into ISCs, via a paracrine mechanism to promote angiogenesis, facilitate proliferation, reduce apoptosis, regulate the oxidative stress response, and protect intestinal mucosal function. Therefore, this study suggests that HFMSCs serve as a new option for the treatment of small intestinal IR injury.
Independent Association Between Malnutrition Inflammation Score And C Reactive Protein/Albumin Ratio In Hemodialysis Patients
Authors: Tur Kağan , Güçlü Aydın
Published: June 2022

ObjectiveAt this study we aimed to investigate relationship between Malnutrition Inflammation Score (MIS), C reactive protein /albumin ratio (CAR), albumin, CRP and other biochemical parameters at hemodialysis patients.Design and Methods66 ESRD patients on maintenance hemodialysis has been recruited to the study. MIS, biochemical parameters and CAR were analyzed.ResultsStatistically significant positive correlation was found between CAR and MIS≥7 (r=0.413, p=0.026), with CRP and MIS≥7 (r=0.388, p=0.038) and negative correlation was found with albumin and MIS (r=-0.511, p=0.005). For MIS, CAR, albumin and CRP a multiple regression ANOVA model was conducted to examine that relation of CAR, CRP, albumin on MIS (F=6.432, p=0.002). ANOVA model was found statistically significant (r=0.660, p=0.002). Variables CAR (p=0.003), albumin (p=0.008) and CRP(p=0.003) was found significant in the ANOVA model.ConclusionOur study showed first time in the literature that CAR is independently associated with MIS in HD patients.
The role of polarized macrophages in the activation of resolution pathways within human granulosa cells
Authors: Martins Thaise S. , Fonseca Bruno M. , Rebelo Irene
Published: June 2022

Background
Inflammatory state within the ovaries can disrupt normal follicular dynamics, leading to reduced oocyte quality and infertility. Inflammatory genes expressed by human granulosa cells (hGCs), such as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-, 12-, and 15-lipoxygenase (LOX), may be useful as potential effective biomarkers of oocyte competence with pregnancy outcome. How the production of inflammatory mediators generated by polarized macrophages might activate inflammatory pathways in hGCs remains unclear.
Methods
In this study, we evaluated how polarized M1 and M2 macrophages found in the ovaries affect the functions of hGCs isolated from women undergoing assisted reproductive technology. For this purpose, an indirect co-culture model was established between hGCs and conditioned media of M0, M1 and M2. We used real-time PCR and western blotting to detect the expression of COX-2 and 5-, 12-, and 15-LOX as biomarkers of oocyte competence.
Results
Our data showed that polarized M2 macrophages with anti-inflammatory characteristics were able to significantly increase the expression of COX-2 in hGCs. We also demonstrated that polarized M1 macrophages with pro-inflammatory characteristics were able to significantly increase the expression of 12-LOX in hGCs. However, there was no observed expression of 5-LOX and no significant alteration in the expression of 15-LOX in hGCs.
Conclusions
Our research indicated that the production of pro-resolving mediators by hGCs can, at least in part, reverse the physiological inflammation present in the ovaries, and the studied enzymes may be used in the future as biomarkers of oocyte competence.
A comparison of NAFLD and MAFLD diagnostic criteria in contemporary urban healthy adults in China
Authors: Liu Qiling , Zhao Gang , Li Qian , Wu Weiyun , Zhang Yan , Bian Hua
Published: June 2022

Background
A new definition of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is more suitable for various clinical situations than non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but the understanding of MAFLD prevalence and the characteristics of examination results is still limited in the general adult urban population in China.
Methods
795 subjects who participated in the health check were recruited from Wu Song Branch of Zhongshan Hospital, of which 369 were diagnosed with fatty liver disease by abdominal ultrasonography. Through questionnaire survey and analysis of blood samples, the information of examination results can be obtained.
Results
Among the 795 people investigated, there was no significant difference in the detection rate, age, BMI, FBG, HbA1c, blood lipid profile, liver enzyme examination, percentage of overweight, diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia between NAFLD and MAFLD. Patients with MAFLD had worse metabolic disorders and insulin resistance than NAFLD patients without overlapping MAFLD. NFS in MALFD patients non-overlapping NAFLD was significantly lower than that in NAFLD patients non-overlapping MAFLD.
Conclusions
Compared with the definition of NAFLD, the MAFLD criteria is highly consistent, but it can identify a group of people with high risk of metabolic disorders and liver fibrosis who have not been diagnosed with NAFLD due to excessive drinking or other chronic liver diseases.
Effects of heat shock therapy on the maintenance of the heat shock response of young adult and aged female mice
Authors: Müller Henrique Ribeiro , Schroeder Helena Trevisan , Miragem Antônio Azambuja , de Bittencourt Paulo Ivo Homem
Published: June 2022

Menopause is an event resulting from the natural aging of the female organism, in which there is ovarian failure that, consequently, leads to hypoestrogenism. With the gradual decrease of estrogen (E2) levels, women become more susceptible to developing low-grade chronic inflammation. Low levels of E2 reduce the expression of genes that affect the balance between energy expenditure and consumption, in addition to negatively affecting carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. On the other hand, E2 has the ability to induce the expression of the HSP72 protein, one of the members of the 70 kDa family of heat shock proteins, which are anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective, and whose expression is modulated by different types of physiologically stressful situations, including heat stress. Therefore, during perimenopause, various homeostatic functions based on E2-dependent expression of HSP70 may collapse. In this study, we investigated the effects of aging in female mice, focusing on E2-mediated nitric oxide (NO)-induced heat shock response (HSR). We used female mice of the C57BL/6J strain: young (4 months) and aged (16 months) adult animals, being submitted to the following treatments: HS (heat shock treatment for 2 months once a week = 8 sessions with anesthesia) or SHAM (animals kept at room temperature and anesthetized only). We observed that, with regard to the muscular HSP70 content in the gastrocnemius muscle of adult and naturally aged females, there was a 59 % increase in the HS group as compared to the SHAM group in adult females; in the group of aged females, there was a 77 % increase in the HS group compared to the SHAM group (p=0.0341). Still with regard to HSP70 expression, we found a marked difference (p=0.0047) between the different ages of the animals that received the HS, indicating a more accentuated increase in the muscular concentrations of this protein in the aged females. As an effect of HS, we also observed an increase in 17β-Estradiol concentrations compared to the SHAM group (p=0.0467), being 83 % in the HS group (4 months) and 80 % in the HS group (16 months). In total, the results suggest a potential use of HS therapy as an alternative to hormone replacement therapy (HRT), especially its long-term safety has already been questioned. In addition, there are possible protective effects that are being re-established by the HSR pathway, until then suppressed due to the effects of aging/natural menopause of female metabolism, which reduces the metabolic capacity, among other effects, to maintain the hormonal status necessary for cytoprotective levels known.
Spinal voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 contributes to neuropathic pain via promotion of microglial M1 polarization and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: xiaoman Yuan , Han Siyi , Manyande Anne , Gao Feng , Wang Jie , Zhang Wen , TIan Xuebi
Published: June 2022

Background: Studies have shown that activation of microglia is the main mechanism of neuropathic pain. Kv1.3 channel is a novel therapeutic target for treating neuroinflammatory disorders due to its crucial role in subsets of microglial cells. As such, it may be involved in the processes of neuropathic pain, however, whether Kv1.3 plays a role in neuroinflammation following peripheral nerve injury is unclear.Methods: The spared nerve injury model (SNI) was used to establish neuropathic pain. Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to examine the effect of Kv1.3 in the SNI rats. PAP-1, a Kv1.3 specific blocker was administered to alleviate neuropathic pain in the SNI rats.Results: Neuropathic pain and allodynia occurred after SNI, the levels of M1 (CD68, iNos) and M2 (CD206, Arg-1) phenotypes were up-regulated in the spinal cord, and the protein levels of NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β were also increased. Pharmacological blocking of Kv1.3 with PAP-1 alleviated hyperpathia induced by SNI. Meanwhile, intrathecal injection of PAP-1 reduced M1 polarization and decreased NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1β expressions of protein levels.Conclusion: Our research indicates that the Kv1.3 channel in the spinal cord contributes to neuropathic pain by promoting microglial M1 polarization and activating the NLRP3 inflammasome.
Behavioral changes in Lamellidens corrianus, Parreysia (Parreysia) gowhattensis, and Melania hainesiana due to copper
Authors: BRAHMA NIJIRA
Published: June 2022

A study were carried out to observe the behavioral changes in three freshwater mollusc species Lamellidens corrianus (Lea, 1834), Parreysia (Parreysia) gowhattensis (Theobald, 1873), and Melania hainesiana (Lea, 1856) due to copper (Cu) exposers. Firstly acute toxicity was carried out to select the exposed concentrations of Cu. After the exposure in Cu test concentrations, Cu was found to be accumulated in the tissues of molluscs. Kruskal-Wallis test of behaviors among the control and test concentration of Cu showed significant differences. So, reject the null hypothesis; i.e., The distribution of movement, visibility of only siphons extension, extension of foot along with visibility of siphons together at the same time and closing of valves without extension of foot and siphon of L. corrianus, P. (P.) gowhattensis is not the same across control, 1% and 10% of 96 h LC50 of Cu. A Kruskal-Wallis test also revealed that in Melania hainesiana significant differences in crawling speed and duration of foot-protrusion among control, 1% and 10% Cu exposed concentrations.
Immobilization of cold-adapted lipase with rational design on hydrid nanoflowers for low temperature sugar esters synthesis
Authors: Zhang Yue , Chen Jiahui , Jin Zhaoxia , Yu Fang , Bao Yongming
Published: June 2022

Sugar esters are a relevant class of important bio-surfactants. In comparison to the chemical procedure, enzymatic transesterification by microbial lipases prefers gentle reaction conditions and minimal energy costs. In this work, a novel sugar ester was synthesized by the modified cold-adapted lipase (lip-∆lid, lip-F144A, lip-F144V). In addition, combined with the immobilization of organic-inorganic hybrid nanoflowers, the effects of three metal ions on the activity of immobilized lipase were investigated, LHNs(Ca) has the highest activity, kcat/Km of LHNs(Ca)-lip-∆lid is twice that of the free enzyme. Furthermore, comparing the conversion rate of fructose laurate ester synthetized, LHNs(Ca)-lip-∆lid (58.36%) is significantly higher than that of LHNs(Ca) (41.73%) for 48 h at 40 °C, even much higher than commercial lipase CALB and RML, which indicated that the substrate affinity and catalytic efficiency of Lip ZC12 modified by lid truncation were significantly improved. Fructose lauric acid monoester and diester behave like ordinary surfactants, that can act as a detergent, with potential applications in a variety of cleaning processes. The emulsification of monoester is higher than SDS in soybean oil phase, and both higher than diester, Therefore, these findings indicated that the LHNs(Ca) nanoparticles are suitable carriers for immobilizing modified cold-adapted lipase, and the immobilized lipase can be used as an innovative green approach to the synthesis of sugar esters in food industry.
GATA-type Transcriptional Factor SpGAT1 Interacts with SpMIG1 and Promotes Lipid Accumulation in the Oleaginous Yeast Saitozyma podzolica zwy-2-3
Authors: Ran Yulu , Xu Hui , Yang Qingzhuoma , Xu Yi , Yang Huahao , Qiao Dairong , Cao Yi
Published: June 2022

Background: In oleaginous yeast, nitrogen limitation is a critical parameter for lipid synthesis. GATA-family transcriptional factor GAT1, a member of the target of rapamycin (TOR) pathway and nitrogen catabolite repression (NCR), regulates nitrogen uptake and utilization. Therefore, it is significant to study the SpGAT1 regulatory mechanism of lipid metabolism for conversion of biomass to microbial oil in Saitozyma podzolica zwy-2-3. Results: Compared with WT, ∆gat1, and OE::gat1, the lipid yield of OE::gat1 increased markedly in the low carbon and nitrogen ratio (C/N ratio) mediums, while the lipid yield and residual sugar of ∆gat1 decreased in the high C/N ratio medium. According to yeast two-hybrid assays, SpGAT1 interacted with SpMIG1, and it's deletion drastically lowered SpMIG1 expression on the high C/N ratio medium. MIG1 deletion has been found in earlier research to affect glucose metabolic capacity, resulting in a prolonged lag period. Therefore, we speculated that SpGAT1 influenced glucose consumption rate across SpMIG1. Based on yeast one-hybrid assays and qRT-PCR analyses, SpGAT1 regulated the glyoxylate cycle genes ICL1, ICL2, and pyruvate bypass pathway gene ACS, irrespective of the C/N ratio. SpGAT1 also could bind to the ACAT2 promoter in the low C/N medium and induce sterol ester (SE) accumulation. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that SpGAT1 positively regulated lipid metabolism in S.podzolica zwy-2-3,but that its regulatory patterns varied depending on the C/N ratio. When the C/N ratio was high, SpGAT1 interacted with SpMIG1 to affect carbon absorption and utilization. SpGAT1 also stimulated lipid accumulation by regulating essential lipid anabolism genes. Our insights might spur more research into how nitrogen and carbon metabolism interact to regulate lipid metabolism.
Transmission of stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) in simulated ballast water confirms the potential for ship-born spread
Authors: Studivan Michael S. , Baptist Michelle , Molina Vanessa , Riley Scott , First Matthew , Soderberg Nash , Rubin Ewelina , Rossin Ashley , Holstein Daniel M. , Enochs Ian C.
Published: June 2022

Stony coral tissue loss disease (SCTLD) remains an unprecedented epizootic disease, representing a substantial threat to the persistence and health of coral reef ecosystems in the Tropical Western Atlantic since its first observation near Miami, Florida in 2014. In addition to transport between adjacent reefs indicative of a waterborne pathogen(s) dispersing on ocean currents, it has spread throughout the Caribbean to geographically- and oceanographically-isolated reefs, in a manner suggestive of ship and ballast water transmission. Here we evaluate the potential for waterborne transmission of SCTLD including via simulated ballast water, and test the efficacy of commonly-used UV radiation treatment of ballast water. Two species of reef-building corals (Orbicella faveolata and Pseudodiploria strigosa) were subjected to 1) disease-exposed or UV-treated disease-exposed water, and 2) a ballast hold time series of disease-exposed water in two carefully-controlled experiments to evaluate transmission. Our experiments demonstrated transmission of SCTLD through water, rather than direct contact between diseased and healthy corals. While UV treatment of disease-exposed water led to a 50% reduction in the number of corals exhibiting disease signs in both species, the statistical risk of transmission and volume of water needed to elicit SCTLD lesions remained similar to untreated disease-exposed water. The ballast hold time (24 h versus 120 h) did not have a significant effect on the onset of visible disease signs for either species, though there appeared to be some evidence of a concentration effect for P. strigosa as lesions were only observed after the 120 h ballast hold time. Results from both experiments suggest that the SCTLD pathogens can persist in both untreated and UV-treated ballast water and remain pathogenic. Ballast water may indeed pose a threat to the continued spread and persistence of SCTLD, warranting further investigation of additional ballast water treatments and pathogen detection methods.
WITHDRAWN: Reflective Grating Producing Curved, Expanded and Inclined Patterns --- Observed by Cylindrical Screen
Authors: Peng Hui
Published: June 2022

To study the orientation-dependence of the diffraction patterns of the reflective grating, we utilize the cylindrical screen. Experiments show the curved, expanded and inclined diffraction patterns.The textbook-screen in the grating experiments is a planar screen and the diffraction orders distribute in one dimension. The cylindrical screen visually shows that the diffraction orders of a rotating reflective grating distribute in two dimensions. The CCD can be placed at the precise location of each order to collect data. By using the cylindrical screen, only two coordinates are needed to describe the curved/expanded/inclined diffraction patterns of the rotating reflective grating. The cylindrical screen may be used to develop the theories of the grating rotating around 3 axes.
Convergence of a modification of the Jacobi method particularly indicated on matrices with non-negative coefficients
Authors: tagliaferro fulvio
Published: June 2022

The rate of convergence of an iterative method for linear systems analogous to Jacobi's method is tested. The method is particularly suitable for systems with a matrix with non-negative coefficients. An attempt is being made at this point to justify this fact.
Impacts of English Reading Attitudes on L2 Achievements
Authors: Toar Dayan Domisianus , Bram Barli
Published: June 2022

Reading is an acquired skill needed for obtaining knowledge. To be successful in reading, one should adopt certain attitudes to ensure the reading activity's fruitfulness. This correlational study investigates the possible significant relationship between reading attitude and L2 achievement. The subjects of this study were 47 vocational school students in Yogyakarta. Samples were chosen using purposive sampling with X graders and XI graders of a vocational school. The data were collected through a questionnaire, interview sessions, and an English exam. The hypothesis of this research was the more positive the students’ attitude was, the higher were L2 achievements of the students. The writers conducted a Pearson correlation computation to analyze the correlation of the obtained data. The findings showed that the students' reading attitude was positive and the L2 achievements were high, but the reading attitude correlated negatively and weakly to L2 achievements. Other factors affected L2 achievements as well. ESL teachers should be concerned about their students’ reading attitudes