bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Interpretation of the Relevant Hexagram of each Stages in Social Policy Process from the Standpoint of Social Policy and Its Policy Tasks
Authors:   The Association of Korea Counseling Psychology Education Welfare, YANG Jung-Ha , LEE So-Yoon
Published: November 2024

The purpose of this study is to interpret the social policy situation of the relevant hexagrams of the stages in social policy process from the standpoint of the social policy by using the framework which is sought through modifying and supplementing the existing framework and to identify its policy tasks. The policy tasks of the revevant hexagrams related to each stages in social policy process identified through this study can be summarized as follows. First, the policy task of hexagram in the social problem forming stage is to seek new approach or theoretical perspective on social problems Second, the policy task of hexagram in the social policy agenda forming stage is about which of the various social policy agenda forming factors should be prioritized and applied. Third, the policy task of the hexagrm in social policy decision-making stage is about what should be reflected as the core content when setting social policy goals. Fourth, the policy task of hexagram in social policy implementing stage is that communication between persons concerned social policy should be emphasized in order to achieve social policy goals. Fifth. The policy task of hexagram in the social policy evaluating stage is that among the various types of policy evaluation, performance evaluation or program evaluation should be given the highest priority. The policy tasks of of relevant hexagrams in the stages in social policy process through interpreting the social policy situation from the standpoint of social policy have been identified. If so, it can be said that The Book of Change is a human heritage that should be used in various ways in the field of social welfare and social policy.
An Analysis of Research Trends on Adults’ Experiences of Trauma during Childhood and Adolescence
Authors:   The Association of Korea Counseling Psychology Education Welfare, CHOI Jin-Yong
Published: November 2024

This study aims to examine research trends on childhood and adolescent trauma in adults, organize related research results, and provide directions and implications for future research. The analysis subjects were 39 domestic academic journal papers published from 2009 to 2023 and 20 dissertations awarded from 2020 to February 2024, for a total of 59 papers. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistical analysis according to the analysis criteria of publication year, research subject, research method, research topic, measurement tool, analysis method, and research variables. The results of the analysis are as follows: First, the number of papers published on the subject from 2009 to 201 was small at an average of 0.57, but it increased after 2016, and about 10 papers have been published each year since 2020. Second, quantitative research accounted for 96.61% of the research methods and was used as the main research method. Third, the measurement tools used in the study were childhood trauma, emotional regulation, and depression in that order. Fourth, the independent variables of the research variables were most frequently childhood and adolescent trauma-related variables, and the dependent variables were depression and interpersonal relationships in that order. Finally, based on the research, the direction of research development, suggestions, and limitations of the subject were described.
A Study on the Subjectivity of Generation Z's Colleagues: Focusing on EAP Companies in Korea
Authors:   The Association of Korea Counseling Psychology Education Welfare, KIM Ji-Min , LEE Song-Yi
Published: November 2024

This study focused on domestic EAP companies to understand the types of perceptions of peers of Generation Z and their characteristics in depth. To this end, by applying the Q methodology, Q sorting was conducted on 40 Q samples of 20 Gen Z (9 males and 11 females) of domestic EAP companies using the forced classification method, and the subjectivity perception of peers was explored using the QUANL program. As a result of the study, perceptions of colleagues were derived into four types: “work cooperation type”, “emotional stability type”, “growth support type”, and “public relationship type”. This study is meaningful in that it categorized and analyzed the subjectivity of Gen Z's peers, and it is expected that it can be used as basic data for education and organizational culture development using peers.
The Influence of Instagram Upward Comparison and Shame on Mental Well-being: The Moderated Mediation Effect of
Authors:   The Association of Korea Counseling Psychology Education Welfare, LEE Seung-Yun , SOHN Eun-Jung
Published: November 2024

This study examined whether cognitive flexibility (alternatives and control) moderates the mediating effect of shame in the relationship between upward social comparison and mental well-being. A total of 228 Instagram users in their 20s from across the country participated, responding to scales measuring upward social comparison, internalized shame, mental well-being, and cognitive flexibility. The results of this study are as follows: First, shame partially mediated the relationship between upward social comparison and mental well-being. Second, control moderated the relationship between upward social comparison and shame, while the moderating effect of alternative thinking was not significant. Third, the moderated mediation effect of control was significant in the process through which upward social comparison influences mental well-being via shame.
The Meaning of Present Experience in the AEDP Process: Accompanying Toward ‘Transformation’
Authors:   The Association of Korea Counseling Psychology Education Welfare, KIM So-Yeon
Published: November 2024

This study explored the experiences and meanings within the AEDP process, focusing on providing a corrective attachment experience and creating a transformative space for the client. Materials were collected from one woman's counseling session, including her drawings, diaries, and interviews. Using a hermeneutic phenomenological method, the analysis revealed that the single-session AEDP experience was an accompaniment between the client and therapist, embodying the themes of 'meeting', 'staying', and 'transforming'. 'Meeting' included 'meeting the true other' and 'meeting with the body'; 'staying' involved 'staying with the true other' and 'staying with the body’s image'; and 'transforming' encompassed 'body transformation' and 'narrative transformation'. The client's ‘transformation’ was revealed as a spiral process in which bodily sensations, emotional experiences, and narrative differences are repeatedly generated through the presence and relationship between the client and the therapist. This study modestly contributes to validating and elaborating AEDP theory.
On Some Genres of Biblio-painting
Authors: Murashova N. S.
Published: November 2024

Biblio painting is considered as a segment of the bibliosphere and as one of the areas of world fine art. Genres are identified in which the book acts as an artistic image, that carries an important semantic load, and is also used as a significant element of the composition. These genres include religious, mythological, allegorical, everyday painting, works on literary subjects, portraits and biblio still lifes. The aim of the article is to present the history of interpretation of art book image in the works of religious (Christian), mythological, allegorical painting as well as easel paintings, made on the bases of literary works. It is concluded that the development of biblio-painting correlates with the peculiarities of the transformation of book culture itself, since the interpretation of the artistic image of a book in pictorial genres emphasizes their integration into the bibliosphere as a whole.
Training Future Library Professionals to Use Neural Networks in Socio-Cultural Activities
Authors: Kozlenko E. Yu.
Published: November 2024

The effectiveness of the socio-cultural activities of libraries depends largely on the professionalism of the staff, their communication skills, creativity and skills in the use of digital technologies. The relevance of the article is determined by the increasing popularity of neural networks, their implementation in various spheres of human activity. The aim of the article is to examine the possibilities of the formation of competences on the use of neural networks in socio-cultural activities in the students of library and information studies, as well as to determine the readiness of students to perceive all aspects of the use of neural network algorithms. In the article, the analysis of publications and express survey was conducted. The latter was performed among the third and fourth year students of the Belarusian State University of Culture and Arts, who are studying on the speciality "Library and Information Activities". An attempt is made to diversify the potential of neural networks for training a competent specialist in the socio-cultural activity of libraries. The results of the study show the following. In training library and information workers on the use of neural networks in socio-cultural activities the key conditions are as follows: study and analysis of the experience of libraries in the use of neural networks in sociocultural activities; introduction into the educational programme of theoretical and practical blocks on the use of neural networks in the sociocultural activities of libraries; accounting and risk management of the use of neural networks. In implementing the above, more attention should be paid to responsible, emotional, creative manifestations of activity in educational and production processes.
Mainstreaming precast and block hempcrete—a carbon sequestering solution for the built environment
Authors: Gibson Pandwe
Published: November 2024

The International Residential Code (IRC) appendix, which offers guidance on acceptable building materials, was updated in 2023 to include hempcrete for the first time in its 2024 version. Hempcrete, a blend of hemp hurd, lime, and water, has emerged as a sustainable and carbon-negative building material with promising applications in the construction industry. This review article provides a comprehensive overview of hempcrete, starting with its historical roots and the basic science behind its composition. Hemp was used in Rome as far back as Julius Caesar’s time and in the sixth century when France was still Gaul. Lime building construction dates to before its use in the pyramids and can be found in ancient Africa, Persia, Rome, and throughout many indigenous cultures. Exploring the role of lime in enhancing the material’s properties, we delve into the reasons behind its inclusion in hempcrete formulations. Opportunities and challenges in the adoption of hempcrete are discussed, highlighting its potential to revolutionize the construction sector. The evolution of curing techniques for hempcrete, from traditional methods to modern innovations, is examined, offering insights into future advancements. We explain why the utility of hemp has historically been overshadowed by a false narcotics narrative and association. We codify hempcrete’s performance to underscore its environmental benefits and economic viability. We explore how lime, CO2, and structural components can increase commercial viability and create the scale necessary for the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s (IPCC) call for nations to maintain the global temperature increase below 1.5°C and net zero by 2050 while tackling the global housing crisis. Thus, this article serves as a valuable resource for researchers, architects, and policymakers interested in advancing adoption of sustainable construction practices.
Perencanaan Alokasi dan Rute Distribusi Beras Kota Yogyakarta dengan Metode K-Means Clustering, Tabu Search dan Ant Colony System
Authors: Lukman Adhitama  , Muhammad Arif Wibisono
Published: November 2024

Pertumbuhan penduduk di wilayah perkotaan akan memicu kenaikan permintaan bahan pangan pokok yaitu beras. Permintaan yang meningkat menyebabkan aktivitas distribusi semakin masif sehingga menghasilkan pencemaran di udara. Untuk dapat mengatasi hal tersebut dilakukan perencanaan alokasi dengan k-means clustering dan penentuan rute distribusi yang tepat dengan metode tabu search dan ant colony system sehingga memiliki waktu, jarak, emisi dan biaya yang minimal. Dengan batasan kapasitas angkut maksimal yaitu 10.000 kg serta pertimbangan jarak pasar dengan gudang dan jumlah permintaan tiap pasar maka terdapat tiga kelompok lokasi kunjungan. Tiap kelompok yang terbentuk diolah menggunakan metode tabu search dan ant colony system sehingga menghasilkan rute distribusi dan nilai tujuan yang hendak dicapai. Pengolahan dengan metode tabu search unggul dengan nilai waktu = 189 menit, jarak = 53,3 km, emisi = 448 g dan biaya = Rp509.000,00.
Penerapan Sistem Just in Time (JIT) dengan Sistem Kanban dan Poka-yoke di Area Repack Produk Herbisida
Authors: Daonil Daonil , Nugroho Oki Widhi , Pribadi Yunan , Apriyani Apriyani , Kurnia Hibarkah
Published: November 2024

Perusahaan herbisida ini bergerak pada bidang repacking herbisida dengan kemasan 40 ml. Namun dalam proses repacking memiliki masalah pada penggunaan herbisida yang melebihi batas toleransi atau tidak sesuai dengan target. Selain itu juga belum ada tindakan perbaikan untuk mengontrol penggunaan herbisida serta kontrol pada hasil pengeluaran yang ada di area Repack. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisa akar permasalahan dan memberikan solusi yang tepat dalam menghilangkan pemborosan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan sistem Kanban yang dikombinasikan dengan metode Poka-yoke. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kehilangan herbisida disebabkan oleh adanya proses rework jika terjadi kelebihan kuantitas di akhir campign. Drum yang digunakan untuk menampung herbisida pun juga menjadi penyebab kehilangan karena tersangkut di celah drum dan tidak bisa dikeluarkan. Tindakan perbaikan yang dilakukan adlah penerapan sistem Kanban yang dikombinasikan dengan Poka-yoke. Selain itu perbaikan mengganti drum berukuran 200liter ke IBC berukuran volume 1.000liter yang ditambahkan stand IBC, kemudian dalam penggunaan IBC di line repack adalah kran dengan cam lock yang dapat dibongkar pasang. Penelitian ini menghasilkan perancangan Kanban untuk repack 40 ml dengan menyesuaikan kapasitas drum yaitu 200liter dengan pengeluaran 5.000 pcs dan menggunakan pos Kanban sesuai kebutuhan
PERSPEKTIF PENUMPANG TERHADAP KUALITAS FASILITAS INFRASTRUKTUR DI TERMINAL EKSEKUTIF PELABUHAN MERAK-BANTEN
Authors: Verawati Kencana , Rahmayanti Henita , Aulia Shalsabilla  , Farasabila Angeli Purnomo  , Monica Wulandari
Published: November 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis perspektif penumpang terkait fenomena tersebut yang disesuaikann dengan Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan No. 62 Tahun 2019 mengenai Standar Pelayanan Minimum dan teori Kualitas Pelayanan (Bukti Fisik dan Kehandalan). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Pada penelitian ini, teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah teori dari Miles&Huberman yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan kesimpulan akhir. Hasil penelitian dengan judul perspektif penumpang terhadap kualitas fasilitas infrastruktur di terminal eksekutif merak dengan indikator penilaian keselamatan, keamanan, kenyamanan dan kemudahan secara keseluruhan mendapatkan perspektif yang cukup baik dari penumpang, namun ada beberapa hal yang diperlu ditingkatkan, seperti petugas keamanan, ruang kesehatan yang keberadaan dan fungsional diragukan oleh penumpang dan persediaan fasilitas penunjang.
Dijital İyi Oluşun Yapay Zekâ Kaygısı ve İş Tatmini Üzerindeki Etkisi: Akademisyenler Üzerine Bir Araştırma
Authors: Uludağ Duygu , Soyer Melis , Ceyhan Sefa
Published: November 2024

İstanbul'daki akademisyenler ile yapılan bu araştırmada, dijital iyi oluşun yapay zekâ kaygısı ve iş tatmini üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Nedensel ilişki deseniyle yürütülen araştırmada 211 akademik personelden elde edilen veri seti istatistiki analizlere tabi tutulmuştur. İlgili analizler sonucunda yapay zekâ kaygısının yapay zekâ yapılandırması alt boyutunun dijital iyi oluşun dijital refah boyutuyla pozitif yönlü ve anlamlı bir değişime sahip olduğu görülmektedir. Ayrıca dijital iyi oluşun alt boyutu olan dijital tatmin ile iş tatmini arasında negatif yönlü ve anlamlı bir şekilde görülebildiği bulgulanmıştır. Araştırma bulgularından elde edilen sonuç, yapay zekâ yapılandırmasının dijital refahı arttırdığını göstermektedir. Öte yandan akademisyenlerde dijital tatmin düzeyi arttıkça iş tatminin azalacağı da elde edilen sonuçlar arasındır. Bu sonuç, klasik iş tatmin algılarının yapay zekâ ile birlikte farklı şekilleneceğini göstermektedir.
Kapsayıcı Büyüme Karbon Emisyonu İlişkisi: Türkiye Örneği
Authors: Avcı Bağdat Sıla
Published: November 2024

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 1991-2021 döneminde, Türkiye’de kapsayıcı büyüme ile karbon emisyonu arasındaki ilişkiyi analiz etmektir. Kapsayıcı büyümeyi ölçmek için kapsayıcı büyüme endeksi oluşturulmuş ve oluşturulan bu endeks kapsayıcı büyüme göstergesi olarak kullanılmıştır. Çalışmada, seriler arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisinin tespiti için Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testi, eşbütünleşme ilişkisinin tespiti için Gregory-Hansen eşbütünleşme testi uygulanmış, uzun dönem katsayılarının tahmini için FMOLS, DOLS ve CCR yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Toda-Yamamoto nedensellik testi sonuçlarına göre, karbon emisyonundan kapsayıcı büyümeye doğru bir nedensellik ilişkisi tespit edilmiş ancak kapsayıcı büyümeden karbon emisyonuna doğru bir nedensellik ilişkisi olmadığı görülmüştür. Gregory-Hansen eşbütünleşme testi sonucuna göre, değişkenler arasında eşbütünleşme ilişkisi olduğu tespit edilmiş, uzun dönemde kapsayıcı büyüme ile karbon emisyonu arasında pozitif bir ilişki olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. FMOLS, DOLS ve CCR test sonuçlarına göre, karbon emisyonunda meydana gelen %1’lik bir artış kapsayıcı büyümeyi ortalama olarak %0,17 artırırken, kapsayıcı büyümede meydana gelen %1’lik bir artış karbon emisyonunu ortalama olarak %4,38 artırmaktadır.
Wastewater Disposal Wells Management and Injectivity Remediation Approaches
Authors: Bakyt Nursultan , Zhetpissov Assylzhan , Gubashov Rustem , Utebaeva Dinara , Kamispayev Akylbek , Nurmukhanbetov Arman , Oryngaliyev Khussain
Published: November 2024

Tengizchevroil (TCO) has more than 30 years of experience in industrial (technical, treatment, produced water) wastewater disposal (WWD) into the subsurface Neocomian sandstone reservoir through disposal wells. Malfunction of any component (surface or subsurface) of the WWD system can lead to production curtailment; hence, WWD wells are identified as "critical" wells in the business unit. This paper will cover the subsurface part and demonstrate TCO’s approaches to remediate injectivity of wells, which are being conducted successfully.

TCO’s current wastewater disposal system has its own maximum capacity, which is mainly limited by disposal wells, booster and injection pumps, power distribution, pipelines, and tanks. TCO has four main injectivity remediation approaches: backwashing the wells, which is the simplest and most cost-effective option; newly developed chemical treatment by bullheading; coiled tubing clean-out; and perforation/re-perforation of existing and new intervals. Additionally, TCO has efficiently used lessons learned from existing wells and successfully applied them to drill 2 new WWD wells.

This paper will demonstrate the injectivity remediation work results in wells after applying four different approaches. Each approach has provided different outcomes. Post-remediation well performance and long-term performance were the main factors considered for analysis and decision-making on further approach selection and application. Until 2023, TCO had been using methods that provided sufficient injection capacity. However, starting in 2023, the demand for capacity increased due to higher wastewater volumes, prompting TCO to improve the technology, which was successfully developed and executed.
Effective Planning and Execution of the Longest Well in Kazakhstan in the Lower Slope Region of Tengiz Field
Authors: Kalzhekov N. , Kussanov I. , Kabiyev Y. , Manakhayev R. , Jumamukhambetov N. , Yessaliyeva-Gozukara A. , Issayev D. , Zhumadilov U. , Kabdenov S.
Published: November 2024

In 2023, TCO drilled the longest well to date in Kazakhstan to confirm technical feasibility and the productivity enhancement in the lower slope of Tengiz field using newly introduced horizontal well design. The extended reach well was drilled achieving a lateral length of almost 1,900 m, making it the longest well and lateral section drilled in Kazakhstan.

An immense amount of team effort was required in the planning stage to mitigate the major subsurface challenges such as intra-salt over-pressured inclusions, undepleted pressure pockets in the upper part of the reservoir, and major fractures and karsts in the main reservoir. Simultaneously, the well had to precisely follow the complex well design and planned trajectory to penetrate the sweet spot of porosity lobes and small but effective fractures. The well design had to be modified by implementing additional string to case off over-pressured lenses in upper reservoir. An integrated analysis of seismic and offset well data allowed to delineate the drilling hazards, and detailed strategy was developed to reach the planned well TD.

The success of this well at Tengiz was bolstered by the introduction of new drilling and logging tools and technology. A dedicated logging program facilitated the use of novel logging-while-drilling tools specific to Tengiz, ensuring accurate reservoir characterization, completion design, and acid stimulation planning along the lengthy lateral section. Additionally, a new type of lower completion, featuring metal expandable packers, allowed the completion string to rotate during deployment.

Following the developed operating procedures based on real-time log correlations, geo-steering, and in-depth analysis of seismic data, the well construction stage was executed flawlessly, without any considerable issues and geological downtime. Successful delivery of horizontal well in lower slope of Tengiz field proved the feasibility of drilling complex wells with similar design in challenging geological settings and unlocked wide opportunities for potential further field development.

The paper presents a diverse array of methods employed in the planning and execution phases of this project, showcasing an outstanding use of the available geological and geophysical data. This approach enabled the safe and efficient drilling of a complex horizontal well, despite challenges posed by a naturally fractured carbonate reservoir and significant differential depletion.
Point and Interval Estimation of the Stress-Strength Reliability for discrete model based on different sampling plans
Authors: Erbayram Tenzile , Akdoğan Yunus
Published: November 2024

In recent years, ranked set sampling, a cheap and effective sampling method, has been used for statistical inferences as an alternative to traditional simple random sampling. Although this trendy topic has been frequently studied in continuous models, it has only been studied in parameter estimation for the discrete Weibull distribution in discrete models. Additionally, it is seen in the literature that stress-strength reliability has not been studied under ranked set sampling for discrete models. This paper discusses statistical inference for the stress-strength reliability when stress and strength are independent discrete Poisson-Ailamujia random variables under ranked set sampling. Moreover, stress-strength reliability estimators are obtained using point and bootstrap confidence interval estimation methods in simple random and ranked set sampling methods. The performances of the proposed estimators are compared using a Monte Carlo simulation. The simulation results and three real data applications show that the estimators obtained by ranked set sampling are preferable to the traditional simple random sampling in terms of efficiency.
Hospitalization of injured pregnant women - is it justified? A decade of data
Authors: Goldman Sharon , Ragoler Morel , Givon Adi , Radomislensky Irina , (ITG) Israel Trauma Group , Katorza Eldad
Published: November 2024

Background
Pregnant women commonly sustain injuries following traffic collisions, falls, and intentional incidents such as domestic violence. Injuries sustained by pregnant women can lead to placental abruption, pelvic fracture, preterm delivery as well as maternal and fetal mortality. The aim of this study was to compare injury and hospitalization characteristics among hospitalized pregnant and nonpregnant women. For pregnant women, gestational age was analyzed according to injury severity and hospitalization characteristics.
Methods
The Israel National Trauma Registry was the data source for this retrospective study. Demographic, injury and hospitalization characteristics were collected and analyzed for pregnant and nonpregnant women hospitalized between Jan 1, 2012 and December 31, 2021. Among pregnant females, gestational age was identified. Categorical variables were compared using the Chi-square Test and Fisher's Exact Test.
Results
A total of 33,377 women, aged 18–45 years, were hospitalized due to trauma-related injury; 14,606 (43.8%) were pregnant, and 18,771 (56.2%) were not pregnant. Among the pregnant women, 91.7% had an Injury Severity Score (ISS) of 1, and 75.9% were hospitalized for a single day. In comparison, 31% of the nonpregnant women had an ISS of 1 (X2 = 12,371.26, df = 1, P < 0.0001), and 32% were hospitalized for one day. Traffic accidents contributed to 51.8% of hospitalizations among pregnant women, compared with 42.8% among nonpregnant women. While falls were more prevalent among pregnant women, a greater proportion of nonpregnant women were hospitalized with intentional injuries. Among pregnant women, injuries during the third trimester are most common. However, those hospitalized during the first trimester suffered from more severe injuries than injuries during the second and third trimesters did. Compared with nonpregnant women, pregnant women are more likely to sustain minor injuries, have shorter hospitalization stays, have fewer surgical interventions and have fewer admissions to intensive care units (ICUs).
Conclusions
This study provides important data for medical personnel and policymakers regarding trauma-related injuries among pregnant women. The results highlight the need to construct effective prevention and treatment protocols and criteria for hospitalizing injured women during pregnancy. A multidisciplinary team of experts, including neonatal and obgyn physicians should design criteria for hospital observation and discharge in an effort to prevent any adverse events while also avoiding unnecessary hospitalization.
Anatomy of the diaphragmatic crura and other paraspinal structures relevant to en-bloc spondylectomy for lumbar spine tumours
Authors: Khadanovich Anhelina , Beneš Michal , Kaiser Radek , Reynolds Jeremy , Mawhinney Gerard , Štulík Jan , Kachlík David
Published: November 2024

Introduction:
En-bloc spondylectomy in the lumbar spine is a challenging procedure mainly due to a complex prevertebral anatomy. The aim of our study is to describe the anatomy of the diaphragmatic crura and surrounding vascular and neural structures which may be iatrogenically injured during the surgical resection.
Materials and methods
Ten embalmed cadavers were meticulously dissected. Widths of the diaphragmatic crura, abdominal aorta, cisterna chyli, thoracic duct, sympathetic trunks, and inferior vena cava as well as their distances from the midline were measured at nine levels (L1 to L4 vertebra and adjacent intervertebral discs).
Results
The right crus was attached to the L2–L4 vertebral bodies and L2/3 intervertebral disc, while the left crus inserted onto L1–L3 vertebrae. The thoracic duct arose commonly at the level of L2 vertebra and overlaid the right crus at the L3 vertebra and L2/3-disc levels. The cisterna chyli was present in 70% of cadavers and overlapped with the left crus at the same levels. Both sympathetic trunks emerged underneath the crura at the L1/2 discs or L1 vertebra level. The aorta overlapped with the crura at all levels.
Conclusion
The L3 level appears to be the riskiest for spondylectomy due to the overlap of both diaphragmatic crura with the thoracic duct and cisterna chyli, respectively. Spondylectomy at the L2 level also brings the risk of lymphatic structures injury while injury to the left sympathetic trunk may be the main issue at the L1 level.
Design and Fabrication of a Low-cost Liquid Optical Waveguide for Augmented Reality
Authors: Unnithan Ranjith Rajasekharan , Sun Dechuan , Tanyi Gregory , Lee Alan , French Chris , Liang Younger , Lim Christina
Published: November 2024

The complexities of fabrication techniques and the demand for high precision have posed significant challenges in the mass production of augmented reality (AR) waveguide combiners. Leveraging the capabilities of Polyjet 3D printing techniques, we have developed a cost-effective method for fabricating liquid geometric waveguide combiners for AR applications, using silicone oil as the medium. During the design phase, we optimized the structure of the waveguide combiner to facilitate easier fabrication. Our proposed method simplifies the production process by removing the need for complicated steps like dicing, layer bonding, and polishing, which are usually involved in traditional manufacturing techniques. We conducted optical simulations and developed a prototype using our patented fabrication method, which successfully demonstrated the integration of virtual images with the real-world environment, thereby confirming its feasibility and potential for cost-effective mass production.
Bioinformatic Analysis of SERPINA1 Expression in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma and Its Potential Association with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis
Authors: Du Xiuyuan , Chen Wanjun
Published: November 2024

Purpose
This study aims to explore the role of the SERPINA1 gene in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and its relationship with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT).
Methods
Transcriptomic data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were utilized to analyze differences in SERPINA1 expression between PTC patients with and without HT. The expression levels of SERPINA1 in tumor tissues and its association with tumor characteristics were assessed using the Wilcoxon test across both patient groups. The impact of SERPINA1 expression on immune cell infiltration in PTC was evaluated using the CIBERSORT tool. Single-cell transcriptomic data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) were further analyzed to identify SERPINA1-expressing subpopulations based on Thyroid Differentiation Score (TDS) and pseudotime analysis. Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) was employed to characterize pathways associated with SERPINA1, inferring its potential functions. Finally, CellChat was used to investigate key ligand-receptor interactions between SERPINA1-positive subpopulations and other cell types.
Results
SERPINA1 expression was significantly elevated in PTC, particularly in cases with lymph node metastasis and extrathyroidal invasion. However, no significant effect of HT on SERPINA1 transcript levels was observed. SERPINA1 was primarily expressed in thyrocytes and myeloid cells, with differences in transcription levels and enriched SERPINA1-related GO pathways across their subpopulations. Some subpopulations expressed macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), suggesting that SERPINA1 and MIF may have opposing regulatory effects on inflammation through glucocorticoid-related pathways.
Conclusion
SERPINA1 may promote PTC progression through multiple mechanisms, including complement system inhibition, involvement in epithelial-mesenchymal transition, modulation of lipid metabolism, and suppression of lymphocyte infiltration. In the context of HT, the effects of SERPINA1 on lipid metabolism in the tumor microenvironment may be more pronounced, which could potentially contribute to improved patient survival rates.
Factors related to adverse pregnancy outcomes of maternal syphilis in Nanning Guangxi China 2016-2020
Authors: Peng Yuanjun , Li Jiangheng , Wei Mingxiao , Wei Jinlu , Zeng Wei , Tang Wanting , Huang Yongquan , Tao Xing , Jiang Wu , Mao Liangqin
Published: November 2024

Syphilis is a relatively common sexually transmitted disease worldwide. Maternal syphilis not only severely affects the quality of life of pregnant women but also leads to various adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) and even congenital syphilis. This study aimed to investigate the association between maternal syphilis infection and adverse pregnancy outcomes in offspring. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the associations between maternal syphilis infection and APOs, and to explore its stability through subgroup analysis. 1624 pregnant women with syphilis in Nanning, Guangxi during 2016-2020 were selected as participants. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that being under 20 years of age (OR: 1.911, 95% CI: 1.077-3.392), having an unknown titer prior to delivery (OR: 1.792, 95% CI: 1.194-2.688), and undergoing non-standardized treatment (OR: 1.448, 95% CI: 1.064-1.971) emerged as significant risk factors. The implementation of integrated prevention measures such as early syphilis screening, eugenics assessment and standardized treatment and follow-up of pregnant syphilis are of great significance in reducing the incidence of APOs for pregnant women infected with syphilis.
Research on Hyaluronic Acid/Polyethylene oxide Electrospun Fiber Membranes for Skin Defect Repair
Authors: Zhao Weiwei , Song Zhenfeng , Li Huanhuan , Shi Suping , Zhang Yonghui , Wang Xianwei , Guo Zhikun , Sun Yongkun , Chen Hongying
Published: November 2024

Skin tissue defects are a common clinical issue. Electrospun nanofibrous membranes, mimicking the extracellular matrix (ECM) structure, show promising potential for skin defect repair. This study utilizes electrospinning technology to prepare a soft, lightweight, and breathable fibrous membrane wound dressing using hyaluronic acid and polyethylene oxide as substrates for skin defect repair. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements reveal an average diameter of 280.7 ± 10.24 nm for the fibers. The study evaluates the fibrous membrane's absorbance, hydrophilicity, porosity, water vapor permeability, and antibacterial property.and assesses wound healing and histological outcomes through in vivo experiments. The hyaluronic acid/polyethylene oxide (HA/PEO) combination demonstrated an excellent 92.53±2.32% wound healing rate and the thickest connective tissue thickness of (1597.04± 272.71μm) µm on day 14, along with the highest collagen area deposition （33.20 ± 5.58% ）. These results indicate that the hyaluronic acid/polyethylene oxide fibrous membrane exhibits excellent mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, biocompatibility, and significant potential for promoting wound healing.
Seasonality of the Agulhas Front's Position and Intensity based on a ‘range-gratitude’ method
Authors: Yang Zhichao , Qin Jianhuang , Qian Xingshang , Yang Chengcheng
Published: November 2024

Understanding the dynamics of the chlorophyll-a concentration (CC) along the oceanic front is crucial for predicting oceanic productivity and carbon sequestration capacity. This study proposes a 'range-gradient' methodology to investigate the seasonality of Agulhas Front (AF) using both sea surface temperature (SST) and CC data obtained from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor. Result reveals that the spatial distribution of the CC-defined AF and SST-defined AF exhibits consistency. The position of AF is around 40°S from December to May, and the intensity of AF dwindles with isothermal southward shift. During June-July-August (JJA) the AF migrates north and intensifies, accompanied with maximum SST gradient. However, the meridional CC gradient peaks during September-October-November (SON). Such intensified meridional CC gradient is fueled by southward sunlight condition, northward sea surface currents and nutrient-rich upwelling. Thus, this study underscores the complex interplay of solar insolation and marine ecological dynamics in shaping the seasonal behavior of the AF.
Comparison of Intensive Care Unit Scoring Systems in Predicting Overall Mortality of Sepsis Patients
Authors: Cirik Mustafa Ozgur , Doganay Guler Eraslan , Doganci Melek , Özdemir Tarkan , Yildiz Murat , Ari Maside , Kahraman Abdullah , Hazer Seray , Tunc Mehtap , Ensarioglu Kerem
Published: November 2024

Introduction
Predictive scoring systems are applied in intensive care units(ICU) to monitor patients' response to treatment and guide treatment modalities.These scoring systems are also used as predictors in sepsis where mortality is high.This study aims to compare the discussed scores (APACHE II, SOFA, SAPS II, OASIS) in their role of predicting overall mortality in patients admitted to ICU with a diagnosis of sepsis or septic shock.
Methods
Among 740 patients admitted to the tertiary intensive care unit within 2 years, 165 patients diagnosed with sepsis and septic shock were included in the study. Demographic data, comorbidities, SOFA, SAPS-2, OASIS and APACHE II scores, invasive or noninvasive mechanical ventilation requirement and duration, ICU admission, hospital stay and 28-day mortality were retrospectively evaluated.
Results
All scoring systems were positively correlated with mortality and CCI score. OASIS correlated with ICU admission time and duration of mechanical ventilation.When the role of mortality scoring systems was evaluated, APACHE was found to be the lowest, while SOFA, OASIS and SAPS were found to be the highest.
Conclusion
SAPS II and OASIS have a higher correlation with mortality compared to others.
Derlin-3 Manipulates the Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and IgG4 Secretion of Plasma Cells in Lung Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xu Yuan , Lin Lanlan , Chen Luyang , Lin Guofu , Chen Xiaohui , Yang Jiansheng , Chen Shaohua , Lin Ronghang , Yang Dongyong , He Fei , Qian Danwen , Zeng Yiming
Published: November 2024

Derlin-3 has been implicated as an essential element in the degradation of misfolded lumenal glycoproteins induced by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. However, its potential biomechanisms in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we found that Derlin-3 was predominantly elevated in LUAD tissues, and could predict worse prognosis of LUAD patients. ScRNA-seq analysis indicated that Derlin-3 was mainly enriched in B lymphocytes in the TME, especially in plasma cells. Moreover, Derlin-3 may be involved in ER stress and IgG4 secretion in plasma cells by targeting p38/PRDM1 pathway. While the aberrant IgG4 production may be an essential driver of the polarization of macrophages towards the M2 phenotype. Additionally, downregulation of Derlin-3 could inhibit plasma cells infiltration and M2 macrophage polarization in vivo. Our results indicated that Derlin-3 could shape TME via ER stress to harness immune function, which might serve as a promising immunotherapeutic target in LUAD.
Delayed gastric emptying in neurocritical care patients
Authors: Sun Xiaoman , Ma Xiaojun , Zhang Liping
Published: November 2024

This study presents a detailed case of a 36-year-old male neurocritical patient who developed superior mesenteric artery (SMA) syndrome following severe traumatic brain injury. We believe that our study makes a significant contribution to the literature because it highlights the clinical challenges in diagnosing and managing SMA syndrome in neurocritical patients, a condition that is often underdiagnosed due to its atypical presentation. Additionally, neurocritical patients usually cannot express their symptoms, which may lead to unrecognized cases that could progress to complete obstruction and become life-threatening.
Comparative Analysis of Quality of Life in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: The Influence of Skin Cancer
Authors: Aristizabal Miguel A. , Christiansen John , Makhtin Maya , White Launia J. , Heckman Michael G. , Barbosa Naiara S. , Degesys Catherine A. , Tolaymat Leila
Published: November 2024

Background
Dermatological health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among solid organ transplant recipients (SOTRs) may be adversely affected by various factors, including skin cancer. However, there has been limited assessment of dermatological HRQoL in SOTRs. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of skin cancer on quality of life (QoL) in SOTRs and to compare HRQoL measures between SOTRs with and without skin cancer.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Mayo Clinic Florida from June 2023 to March 2024. Adult patients who underwent solid organ transplantation between June 1995 and December 2023 were assessed using the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and Skindex-29 questionnaires. For SOTRs with keratinocyte carcinoma (KC), the Basal and Squamous Cell Carcinoma Quality of Life (BaSQoL) questionnaire was also administered.
Results
A total of 150 adult SOTRs were included, with 82 having developed post-transplant skin cancer, including melanoma and keratinocyte carcinomas (KC). SOTRs with skin cancer were older at first transplant (Median: 61.8 vs. 57.3 years, P = 0.0073) and had a higher proportion of males (76.8% vs. 55.9%, P = 0.0086). Fitzpatrick skin type III-VI was less prevalent (8.5% vs. 38.2%, P < 0.0001). The frequency of SCC and BCC was 92.7% and 41.5%, respectively. DLQI scores were higher in SOTRs with skin cancer, however, the difference was not statistically significant (P ≥ 0.065). SOTRs with skin cancer had higher total Skindex-29 scores (P = 0.012) and “emotion” subscale scores (P = 0.0049), indicating a negative impact on QoL. BaSQoL scores showed a moderate negative effect on QoL, with a higher number of KCs correlating with lower QoL (P < 0.05). Female gender had higher DLQI total score (P = 0.0042) and BaSQoL diagnosis and treatment (P = 0.031).
Conclusions:
SOTRs with skin cancer exhibited lower overall QoL, with a greater number of skin cancers linked to more pronounced negative impacts on QoL across all assessment instruments. Female gender was also associated with lower QoL scores. Recognizing the potential for reduced QoL in SOTRs is essential for developing tailored management strategies to support this population.
Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Risk Assessment Model Identifies Patients for Safe Early Discharge at Day 15 – The SAFE-SaHScore
Authors: Kennison Eric E , Murray Nick M , Collingridge Dave S , Knox Daniel , Fontaine Gabriel V
Published: November 2024

Background Patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) are often hospitalized for 21 days after aneurysm rupture due to the risk of complications. However, some never experience complications and are unlikely to benefit from a prolonged hospitalization.Objective The aim of this study is to derive a risk assessment model (RAM) using data from the first 14 days of hospitalization to identify low-risk patients for early discharge, at day 15 or after.Methods Patients > 18 years old with an acute aSAH at a Comprehensive Stroke Center from 2017–2024 were included. Baseline demographics, aSAH grading scales, and in-hospital complications requiring intervention were characterized. Complications included: vasospasm, delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI), cerebral salt wasting (CSW), cerebral edema, seizures, arrhythmias, respiratory failure, and hydrocephalus. Binary logistic regression with leave-one-out cross validation (LOOCV) was used to identify an optimal RAM.Results Of 165 patients, the mean Hunt Hess Score (HHS) was 2.5 (SD 1.2), modified Fisher Score (mFS) was 3.1 (SD 1), endovascular therapy was used for aneurysm securement in 73%, and 54.5% experienced complications during days 15–21. In bivariate analyses, days 0–14 variables associated with days 15 + complications were: HHS, mFS, middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysm, clinical or radiologic vasospasm, endovascular therapies, intraventricular hemorrhage, hydrocephalus, external ventricular drain (EVD), mechanical ventilation, vasopressors, hypertonic solutions, antiseizure medications, milrinone, and fludrocortisone (all p < 0.05). LOOCV regression for a best fit RAM included 6-variables: Sum - of vasopressors, Artery - MCA aneurysm, Fludrocortisone, EVD, Scale - modified Fisher Score and Hunt and Hess Score [SAFE-SaH], and had an AUC = 0.90 (0.85–0.95), sensitivity = 0.94, specificity = 0.69, PPV = 79%, and NPV = 91% for predicting complications on day 15+.Conclusions This is the first ever RAM to incorporate clinical data from the first 14 days of hospitalization to identify aSAH patients at low risk for complications after day 14. With 94% sensitivity, the RAM classifies patients who will not have complications and may assist in earlier disposition on day 15 or after.
Elevated Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in Non-Obese Young Adults: A Longitudinal Cohort Study
Authors: Zhang Chunxia , Chen Li , Liu Ri
Published: November 2024

Background
Arterial stiffness, measured by estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV), is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in older and obese individuals. However, the role of arterial stiffness as an early predictor of T2DM in non-obese, young adults remains underexplored. Identifying alternative predictors like arterial stiffness is crucial for detecting diabetes onset in non-obese and younger populations who may not exhibit traditional risk factors such as high Body Mass Index (BMI).This study investigates the association between elevated ePWV and the risk of T2DM in non-obese young adults, who are often overlooked in diabetes prevention efforts.
Methods
The study included 9,543 non-obese participants (BMI < 25 kg/m², age < 50 years) from the NAGALA cohort in the Gifu area. ePWV was calculated, and participants were followed for the development of diabetes. Cox proportional hazard models assessed the association between ePWV and T2DM risk, adjusting for age, sex, BMI, alcohol consumption, exercise, smoking status, and metabolic biomarkers. Subgroup analyses examined the association's consistency across sex, age, smoking, and alcohol consumption.
Results
During a median follow-up period of 6.3 years, 110 participants (1.2%) developed T2DM.In the unadjusted model, elevated ePWV was significantly linked to a higher risk of T2DM (HR 1.85, 95% CI 1.53–2.23, p < 0.001).The association remained significant after adjusting for confounders (HR 1.36, 95% CI 1.05–1.75, p = 0.018).Subgroup analysis showed no significant interactions across sex, age, alcohol consumption, or smoking status.
Conclusions
Elevated ePWV independently correlates with a higher risk of T2DM in non-obese young adults. ePWV may serve as a valuable tool for early diabetes risk identification in this population.