bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Awareness of the Basic Knowledge of Hand Hygiene in Chinese Medical Facilities: A Questionnaire-Based Survey
Authors: YANG Jing , LONG Li , FENG Shu , SUN Wei , GAO Lifang , YANG Yamin , LIU Jie , ZHOU Junqing , ZHANG Fuyu , TIAN Jie , GAO Bin
Published: November 2020

Background: Hand hygiene is a key measure for the prevention and control of healthcare-associated infection. We investigated the level of awareness of the basic concepts surrounding hand hygiene among healthcare staff in China in order to inform the development of future targeted hand hygiene promotion activities. Methods: A pre-tested questionnaire was used to obtain data from April to June 2018 in 30 provinces and municipalities in three regions of China. Ten single/multiple-choice questions investigated the level of awareness of the role of hands in germ transmission, the concept of hand hygiene, and the indications when it should be performed. Logistic analysis was performed to identify differences between regions, types of hospitals, healthcare staff categories, clinical departments and gender.Results: A total of 52,286 responses were received. Among these, 45,455 (86.94%) complete surveys were eligible to be included in the final analysis. The two highest correct response rates concerned the relationship between hand hygiene and healthcare-associated infection and the characteristics of microbiota and resident flora on hands (97.71% and 96.35%, respectively). These were followed by awareness of the World Health Organization’s “My 5 moments for hand hygiene” concept (91.61%), glove use (90.53%), hand hygiene materials (89.28%), characteristics of microbiota and transient flora on hands (84.60%), indications for hand hygiene and other aspects (71.00%), the basic concept of hand hygiene (65.20%), and the effectiveness of alcohol-based handrub on the hand microbiome (48.04%). The overall correct response rate was 26.53%. Eastern China demonstrated a better knowledge than other regions (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 4.08; 95% CI 3.84–4.32). Respondents in primary care facilities had a higher correct response rate than other types of hospitals (aOR 2.33; 95% CI 2.05–2.66) and logistics staff had the highest correct response rate than other professional groups (aOR1.84; 95% CI 1.53–2.29). Among clinical departments, staff in the outpatient/emergency room had the highest rate of correct responses (aOR1.51; 95% 1.34-1.71).Conclusions: Large differences exist in the basic knowledge of hand hygiene across different regions in China. Knowledge levels need to be specifically strengthened among secondary care facilities, nurse professionals, gynaecology/obstetrics/paediatric departments and infection control units.
Asymptomatic Bacteriuria Bacterial Profile and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care (Anc) Clinic of Assosa General Hospital, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Western Ethiopia
Authors: Tusuna Duresa Abu , Orjino Teferra Abula
Published: November 2020

Background: ASB is a common problem in pregnant women and about 40% of women with untreated asymptomatic bacteriuria during pregnancy develop pyelonephritis, which might lead to low birth weight, preterm, premature rupture of membranes and preterm labour. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of asymptomatic bacteriuria, antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinic of Assosa General Hospital, western Ethiopia.Methods: A facility-based cross sectional study was conducted from January to February 2019. Well-mixed and uncentrifuged urine specimens obtained from the pregnant women was directly inoculated on cystine lactose electrolyte deficient agar (CLED) (Oxoid, Ltd, England) media by streak plate method. Bacterial isolates were identified as per the standard bacteriological procedure using colony characteristics, gram-staining, and series of biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was carried out by Kirby- Bauer disk diffusion technique on Muller-Hinton agar medium and the diameter of zone of inhibition was interpreted according toClinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelinesResult: The overall prevalence of ASB among pregnant women in this study was 14.85%.E. coli was the most predominant isolate (50 %,) followed by K. pneumoniae (16.7%,), S. aureus (14.3%), coagulase negative staphylococci (CONS) (11.9%), and group B streptococci (GBS) (7.1%).Gram-negative bacteria were highly resistant for tetracycline (96.4%), ampicillin .Gram-positive bacteria were 100% sensitive for ceftazidime. Conclusion: Significant bacteriuria was observed in asymptomatic pregnant women. Therefore, routine laboratory diagnosis of ASB in pregnant women and providing appropriate treatment should be needed to reduce its complications.
Network-based Transcriptome Analysis of Two Maize Genotypes Identified Pathways Associated With Differences in Salt Tolerance
Authors: Mohasseli Taher , Rahmani Razgar Seyed , Darvishzadeh Reza , Dezhsetan Sara , Marchal Kathleen
Published: November 2020

BackgroundA better understanding of the molecular effects of salinity stress is key to improving salt tolerance in Zea mays. In this study, we combined phenotyping with transcript profiling and network analysis to study genotype-specific differences in salt tolerance in Zea mays. ResultAn extensive phenotypic screening identified two genotypes with an extreme phenotypic difference in tolerance towards salt stress. RNA-seq analysis of the selected salt-tolerant (R9) and salt-sensitive (S46) genotype was performed to unveil the molecular mechanism underlying the difference in salt tolerance. GO enrichment and network analysis on the results of the expression analysis identified phosphorylation-dependent signaling processes, ion transportation, oxidation-reduction, glutathione and tryptophan metabolism as the main processes different between the selected tolerant and sensitive genotypes. Genes belonging to the subnetwork enriched for phosphorylation and kinase activity shared a common regulatory element in their promoter region, which matched the binding site of an Arabidopsis TF with known role in salt-stress response.ConclusionNetwork-based transcriptome analysis of two maize genotypes identified pathways associated with differences in genotype-specific salt tolerance and identified a link between transcriptional and posttranslational regulation of salt tolerance.
Quality of Life and its Associated Factors among People Living with HIV/AIDS in Southeast of Iran (2018-2019)
Authors: Malekmohammadi Neda , Rad Ali Ahmad Rafiee , Iranpour Abedin , Ghalekhani Nima , Shafie Mehdi , Zolala Farzaneh , Sharifi Hamid
Published: November 2020

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) and its associated factors among people living with HIV referring to two referral centers for HIV infected people in the southeast of Iran.Methods: Using a convenience sampling, 104 HIV-infected people were recruited. Data were collected using the HIV/AIDS-Targeted Quality of Life (HAT-QoL) instrument with 42 items divided into 9 fields: overall activity, sexual activity, disclosure worries, health worries, financial worries, HIV mastery, life satisfaction, and medication concerns and provider trust. The higher score indicated the higher QoL. Bivariable and multivariable linear regressions were performed to analysis the data.Results: The average QoL score was 52.5 (standard deviation [SD] 13.9) (range 0 to 100). In the multivariable regression model, those who experienced higher external stigma score (B= -1.9; 95% CI-2.6; -1.1) and higher internal stigma score (B=-1.1; 95%CI=-1.5; -0.6) and those who were emplyed (B=-5.9; 95% CI=-9.7; -2.1) reported lesser QoL. However, divorced or widowed people versus single people (B=6.9; 95% CI=0.7; 13.1) reported a higher QoL.Conclusions: Studying the QoL among HIV infected patients and its correlated factors and trying to improve that could reduce the problems of HIV infected patients. This study showed, QoL among this population is a multidimensional and several factors (internal and external stigma, job and marital status) could affect it.
Material Analysis for Therapeutic Insoles
Authors: Paul Sathish , Kumar David Prakash , Siva B
Published: November 2020

Background: Customized footwear with appropriate insole material for offloading is widely used for preventing ulceration indiabetic and leprosy affected patients.Methods: Finite element analysis was carried outon a 3 dimensionally modelledinsole. The insole was tested with the boundary condition of constant geometry, constant loading and varied material properties to identify the biomechanical behaviour of material.Results: The study demonstrates that Ethylene Vinyl Acetate and Micro Cellular Rubber reduce the elevated plantar pressure significantly in comparison to the other materials commonly used in fabricating foot orthosis.Conclusion: The comparison of the insole materials provides the health worker the required knowledge for selection of appropriate material for therapeutic insoles. The mechanical analysis of materials through the computer aided analysis would help therapeutic footwear designer to design, fabricate and use appropriate insoles.
Role of Glycine Receptor α3 in the Phosphorylation of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase by Prostaglandin E2
Authors: Wang Hung-Chen , Cheng Kuang-I , Tseng Kuang-Yi , Kwan Aij-Lie , Chang Lin-Li
Published: November 2020

Background: Glycine receptors (GlyRs) play a key role in the processing of inflammatory pain. We used Adeno-associated virus (AAV) for GlyRα1/3 gene transfer in F11 neuron cells, and investigated the effects and roles of pAAV-GlyRα1/3 on cell cytotoxicity and the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2)-mediated inflammatory response. Methods: pAAV-GlyRα1 and pAAV-GlyRα3 recombinant vectors were constructed, and cell viability was measured following pAAV-GlyRα1/3 transfection. The activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inflammatory signaling and neuronal injury marker activating transcription factor 3 (ATF-3) were evaluated by western blotting; the level of cytokine expression was measured by ELISA.Results: We found that pAAV/pAAV-GlyRα1/3 transfection slightly, but not significantly, increased cell viability and induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) phosphorylation and ATF-3 activation. However, the transfection reagent lipofectamine significantly increased cell death and induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation and ATF-3 activation. More importantly, the PGE2-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation in F11 cells was repressed by the expression of pAAV-GlyRα3 and administration of an EP2 inhibitor (PF-04418948), GlyRαs antagonist (strychnine), and protein kinase C inhibitor (G06983).Conclusions: PGE2-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation can be modulated by GlyRα3. In addition, no changes in the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, or IL-6 of the F11 cells were observed 6 hours after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) treatment. These data suggest that delivering pAAV-GlyRα3 into neuron cells should be safe for downregulating PGE2-induced ERK1/2 phosphorylation and inflammation.
Effects of Propofol and Ketamine on The Neural Oscillations in CA1 of Rat Intact Hippocampus
Authors: Yu Zhang , Chen Ping , Tu Zhi-yi , Liu Yi-heng , Wang Zhi-ru , Shen Feng-yan , Wang Ying-wei
Published: November 2020

In this study, in vitro intact hippocampal preparation model was utilized to observe the effects of propofol and ketamine on the neural oscillations in CA1 of rat hippocampus. The intact hippocampi were dissected from the brain tissues of rats aged 14-16 days postnatal. Local field potential (LFP) recordings were performed with propofol and ketamine bath application at different concentrations. The power spectrum intensity of LFP in all the frequency bands, including delta (1-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha (8-13 Hz), beta (13-30 Hz) and gamma (30-80 Hz), were inhibited in a concentrationdependent manner by both general anesthetics. In order to further investigate the underlying mechanisms, the major binding site of propofol and ketamine were blocked respectively by picrotoxin and (2R)-amino-5-phosphonopentanoate when bath applying the general anesthetics. It revealed that the inhibitory effect of propofol on hippocampal oscillations might be via γ-aminobutyric acid A receptor, while the inhibitory effect of ketamine might be unconcerned with N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor.
Bayesian model infers drug repurposing candidates for treatment of COVID-19
Authors: Kiebish Michael A. , Shah Punit , Sarangarajan Rangaprasad , Vishnudas Vivek K. , Gesta Stephane , Tekumalla Poornima K. , Bountra Chas , Granger Elder , Schadt Eric , Rodrigues Leonardo O. , Narain Niven R.
Published: November 2020

Background The emergence of COVID-19 progressed into a global pandemic that has functionally put the world at a standstill and catapulted major healthcare systems into an overburdened state. The dire need for therapeutic strategies to mitigate and successfully treat COVID-19 is now a public health crisis with national security implications for many countries.Methods The current study employed Bayesian networks to a longitudinal proteomic dataset generated from Caco-2 cells transfected with SARS-CoV-2 (isolated from patients returning from Wuhan to Frankfurt) [1]. Two different approaches were employed to assess the Bayesian models, a titer-center topology analysis and a drug signature enrichment analysis.Results Topology analysis identified a set of proteins directly linked to the SAR-CoV2 titer, including ACE2, a SARS-CoV-2 binding receptor, MAOB and CHECK1. Aligning with the topology analysis, MAOB and CHECK1 were also identified within the enriched drug-signatures.Conclusions Taken together, the data output from this network has identified nodal host proteins that may be connected to 18 chemical compounds, some already marketed, which provides an immediate opportunity to rapidly triage these assets for safety and efficacy against COVID-19.
Bayesian small-area modelling of COVID-19 cases and deaths in England and association with key risk factors: a combined space–time Susceptible-Exposed-Infected-Removed (SEIR) model
Authors: Sartorius Benn , Lawson Andrew , Pullan Rachel L.
Published: November 2020

Background: COVID-19 caseloads in England appear have passed through a first peak, with evidence of an emerging second wave. To ensure continued response to the epidemic is most effective, it is imperative to better understand both retrospectively and prospectively the geographical evolution of COVID-19 caseloads and deaths, identify localised areas in space-time at significantly higher risk, quantify the impact of changes in localised population mobility (or movement) on caseloads, identify localised risk factors for increased mortality and project the likely course of the epidemic at small-area resolution in coming weeks.Methods: We applied a Bayesian space–time SEIR model to assess the spatiotemporal variability of COVID-19 caseloads (transmission) and deaths at small-area scale in England (Middle Layer Super Output Area [MSOA], 6791 units) and by week (using observed data from week 5 to 34), including key determinants, the modelled transmission dynamics and spatial-temporal random effects. We also estimate the number of cases and deaths at small-area resolution with uncertainty projected forward in time by MSOA (up to week 51 of 2020), the impact mobility reductions (and subsequent easing) have had on COVID-19 caseloads and quantify the impact of key socio-demographic risk factors on COVID-19 related mortality risk by MSOA.Results: Reductions in population mobility due the course of the first lockdown had a significant impact on the reduction of COVID-19 caseloads across England, however local authorities have had a varied rate of reduction in population movement which our model suggest has substantially impacted the geographic heterogeneity in caseloads at small-area scale. The steady gain in population mobility, observed from late April, appears to have contributed to a slowdown in caseload reductions towards late June and subsequent steady increase signalling the start of the second wave. MSOA with higher proportions of elderly (70+ years of age) and elderly living in deprivation, both with very distinct geographic distributions, have a significantly elevated COVID-19 mortality rates.Conclusions: While non-pharmaceutical interventions (that is, reductions in population mobility and social distancing) had a profound impact on the trajectory of the first wave of the COVID-19 outbreak in England, increased population mobility appears to have contributed to the current increase signalling the start of the second wave. A number of contiguous small-areas appear to be at a significant elevated risk of high COVID-19 transmission, many of which are also at increased risk for higher mortality rates. A geographically staggered re-introduction of intensified social distancing measures is advised and limited cross MSOA movement if the magnitude and geographic extent of the second wave is to be reduced.
Enset-Based land use land cover change detection and its impact on soil erosion in Meki river watershed, Western Lake Ziway Sub-Basin, Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia
Authors: Woldesenbet Alemu Beyene , Wudmatas Sebsebe Demisew , Denboba Mekuria Argaw , Gebremariam Azage Gebreyohannes
Published: November 2020

Background Water erosion, upland degradation and deforestation are key environmental problems in the Meki river watershed. The study assessed the land use land cover change (LULCC) for 30 years and it examined the contribution of indigenous Enset-Based land use system (EBLUS) to reduce soil erosion and prevent water bodies including Lake Ziway from sedimentation which was not considered in the former studies. GPS based data collected and satellite based LULC analysis using ERDAS Imagine 2014 performed to investigate existing farm management practices and land cover respectively. HEC-GEOHMS, Geo-statistical interpolation and RUSLE were applied to model watershed characteristics, spatial climate parameters and soil loss respectively. Result Meki river watershed (2110.4sq.km of area) is dominantly covered by cultivated LUS (41.5%), EBLUS (10.65%), Bush and Chat LUS (25.6%), Forest and plantations LUS (14.14%), built-up (7.4%) and water bodies (0.75%). Soil loss is increasing from 1987 to 2017 and a larger part of the watershed suffers a moderately severe to very severe risk (18 t ha-1yr-1 to >80 t ha-1yr-1) in all sub-watersheds irrespective of the land use systems which shows the watershed is facing sever degradation problem. The mean soil loss of 30.5 t ha-1yr-1 and 31.905 t ha-1yr-1 are verified from Enset growing zones and non-Enset growing zones of the watershed respectively. Conclusion EBLUS saves significant amount of soil despite the steepness of the slopes of the Enset growing zones of the watershed. Hence, expansion of EBLUS can contribute in sustaining water bodies, including Lake Ziway by reducing soil loss rate and sedimentation problem for the ecological sustainability of the watershed. Therefore, separate land use policy and awareness creation are mandatory for such EBLUS expansion, sustainable watershed management interventions and conservation of the natural environment in the watershed based on its suitability and severity of erosion risk mapping.
Results of cerebrospinal fluid analysis in 108 patients with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
Authors: Möhn Nora , Yi Luo , Skripuletz Thomas , Schwenkenbecher Philipp , Ladwig Anne , Warnke Clemens , Meuth Sven G. , Wiendl Heinz , Gross Catharina C. , Schröder Christoph , Haghikia Aiden , Stangel Martin
Published: November 2020

Background: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is caused by an opportunistic infection with JC polyoma virus (JCPyV) and mainly affects immunocompromised patients. It leads to pronounced demyelination of the central nervous system (CNS) resulting in severe disability or even death. Detection of JCPyV DNA in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is usually accepted as proof for the diagnosis of PML. Values from routine CSF parameters, like CSF cell count, protein concentration, Qalbumin, or intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis are mostly considered as normal. However, this has not been investigated systematically.
Methods: We therefore analyzed those standard CSF parameters in a cohort of 108 PML patients that were treated at four different neurological centers in Germany. The patients exhibited different underlying conditions with natalizumab treatment in multiple sclerosis (n=54) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infection (n=25) being the most frequent. The data were collected at the respective centers in accordance with local requirements and then jointly analyzed. The results of the total PML cohort were compared with a control group of patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) and idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Multiple sclerosis and HIV patients were additionally compared with their own non-PML control groups.
Results: The PML group showed an elevated cell count (p<0.001) compared to the control group, however, this effect was mainly driven by HIV-PML patients. This subgroup also demonstrated a significantly higher proportion of patients with a disturbed blood-CSF-barrier function.
Conclusions: This comprehensive, retrospective study on CSF diagnostic results in PML patients provides insight into the CSF findings in patients with PML. It demonstrates that CSF changes in PML patients may be specific for the underlying condition that predisposes for the development of PML and thus data have to be interpreted in this context.
Recycling of autophagosomal components from autolysosomes by recycler complex
Authors: Rong Yueguang , Zhou Chuchu , Wu Zhe , Du Wanqing , Li Ying , Jian Fenglei , Wang Yufen , Que Huilin , Yuan Weigang , Zhao Yuan , Tian Rui
Published: November 2020

Autolysosomes contain components both from autophagosomes and lysosomes. The contents inside the autophagosomal lumen are degraded during autophagy, while the fate of autophagosomal components on autolysosomal membrane remains unknown. Here, we found the autophagosomal membrane and transmembrane proteins are not degraded, but recycled from autolysosomes. We named this process autophagosomal components recycling (ACR). We further identified a multiprotein complex composed of SNX4, SNX5 and SNX17 essential for ACR which we termed “recycler”. In this, SNX4 and SNX5 form a heterodimer that recognizes an autophagosomal cargo STX17 and is required for generating membrane curvature on autolysosomes both via their BAR domains, to mediate the cargo sorting process. SNX17 interacts with both the dynein-dynactin complex and the SNX4-SNX5 dimer to facilitate retrograde transport of STX17. Depletion of any subunit of recycler completely blocks ACR, and also inhibits autophagy. Our discovery of ACR and identification of recycler reveal an important retrieval and recycling pathway on autolysosomes.
Diabetes patients with comorbidities had unfavorable outcomes following COVID-19: a retrospective study
Authors: Hu Weihua , Luo Shunkui , Lu Zhanjin , Li Chang , Chen Qijian , Fan Yameng , Chen Zaishu , Wu Longlong , Ye Jianfang , Chen Shiyan , Tong Junlu , Wang Lingling , Mei Jin , Lu Hongyun
Published: November 2020

BackgroundPrevious studies have shown that diabetes mellitus is a common comorbidity of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), but the effects of diabetes or antidiabetic medication on the mortality of COVID-19 have not been well described. To investigate the outcome of different statuses (with or without comorbidity) and antidiabetic medication use before admission of patients with diabetes after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, we collected clinical data of patients with COVID-19 and compared those with diabetes versus nondiabetics.MethodsIn this multicenter and retrospective study, we enrolled 1,422 consecutive hospitalized patients from January 21 to March 25, 2020, at six hospitals in Hubei Province, China. The primary endpoint was in-hospital mortality.ResultsPatients with diabetes were 10 years older than nondiabetic patients (p<0.001) and had a higher prevalence of comorbidities such as hypertension (p<0.001), coronary heart disease (CHD) (p<0.001), cerebrovascular disease (CVD) (p<0.001), and chronic kidney disease (CKD) (p=0.007). Mortality (p=0.003) was more prevalent among the diabetes group. Further analysis revealed that patients with diabetes who took acarbose had a lower mortality rate (p<0.01). Multivariable Cox regression showed that male sex (hazard ratio [HR] 2.59 [1.68-3.99]), hypertension (HR 1.75 [1.18-2.60]), CKD (HR 4.55 [2.52-8.20]), CVD (HR 2.35 [1.27-4.33]), and age were risk factors for the COVID-19 mortality. Higher HRs were noted in those aged ≥65 (HR 11.8 [4.6- 30.2]) versus 50-64 years (HR 5.86 [2.27-15.12]). The survival curve revealed that, compared with the diabetes only group, the mortality was increased in the diabetes with comorbidities group (p=0.009) but had was not significantly different from the noncomorbidity group (p=0.59).ConclusionPatients with diabetes had worse outcomes when suffering from COVID-19; however, the outcome was not associated with diabetes itself but with comorbidities. Furthermore, the administration of acarbose could reduce the risk of death in patients with diabetes.
Association between motor skills and a healthy diet: a cross-sectional study of first-grade schoolchildren in Japan
Authors: Hatta Naoko , Tada Yuki , Furusho Tadasu , Kato Misao , Kanehara Rieko , Hata Toshiki , Hida Azumi , Kawano Yukari
Published: November 2020

Background: Childhood motor skills are important not only for the physical and mental health of children, but also for the prevention of future lifestyle diseases. This study aimed to investigate how motor skills among first-grade children in Japan are associated with dietary and lifestyle habits, after adjustment for various confounding factors.Methods: First-grade children (aged 6-7 years) attending three public elementary schools in Tokyo, Japan (n=884), participated in this cross-sectional study. Homeroom teachers distributed self-administered questionnaires to parents and children. Questionnaires focused on lifestyle habits and required completion of a 1-day dietary record of meals that children ate at home. School lunch consumption was also assessed. Motor skills were measured by the New Physical Fitness Test (NPFT). Physique was calculated using Rohrer’s index formula: weight (kg) / height (cm) 3 × 107. Multiple regression analysis was used to investigate the association between NPFT score and determinant factors. We also examined the association between NPFT score and the amount of energy derived from a healthy diet versus snacks.Results: NPFT scores were significantly and positively correlated with involvement in exercise lessons (boys, β = 0.131, P = 0.006; girls, β = 0.121P = 0.012), total energy intake (boys, β = 0.096, P = 0.041; girls, β = 0.145, P = 0.003), and outside playtime in boys (β = 0.135), and negatively correlated with Rohrer’s index in girls (β = -0.097, P = 0.047). Moreover, the amount of energy derived from a healthy diet showed positive correlations with NPFT score (boys, β = 0.120, P = 0.011; girls, β = 0.137, P = 0.005).Conclusions: Children’s motor skills were associated with the Rohrer’s index, involvement in sports lessons, outside playtime, and total energy intake, particularly that derived from a healthy diet. These results suggest that a well-balanced diet including grains, vegetables, fish and meat, fruits, and milk, is important for improving children’s motor skills.
Ultrasound Diagnosis of Nonalcoholic Fatty Pancreas Disease in Children and Its Clinical Significance
Authors: Hong Chuntian , Yan Yonghao , Chen Changdi , Li ShiLin
Published: November 2020

Background

The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of non-alcoholic fatty pancreatic disease (NAFPD) diagnosed by ultrasound in children and the related factors of NAFPD in children.
Methods

326 children (2–14 years old) were selected as the study subjects. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software 23.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).
Results

A total of 41 cases (12.6%) of the 326 children had NAFPD. The two experimental groups showed statistically significant differences in age, height, WHtR, TC, LDL, ALT, AST and GGT (p < 0.05), among which age and height were negatively correlated with NAFPD. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis showed that WHtR > 0.472(p = 0.007), TC > 5.3 mmol/L༈p < 0.001༉, LDL > 2.49 mmol/L༈p = 0.002༉and ALT > 23.8 U/L( p = 0.018) were independent risk factors for occurrence of NAFPD.
Conclusions
(1) The high incidence of NAFPD in children was worthy of attention; (2) WHtR was an independent risk factor for NAFPD; (3) WHtR might be an sensitive index which could early screen children MetS and used in epidemiological investigation; (4) NAFPD was closely related to obesity and metabolic syndrome, and ultrasound could be used as the preferred imaging diagnosis method for NAFPD.
Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence and Associated Factors among ART user’s Women Attending Adama Town Public Health Facility, Central Ethiopia 2019
Authors: Goyomsa Girma Garedew , Teklehaymanot Aderajew Niguse , Arga Teklu , Deribe Leul
Published: November 2020

Background: The aim of this study was to determine prevalence and associated factors of intimate partner violence (IPV) among antiretro varial therapy (ART) user women visiting chronic care unit, Adama town public health facility, Ethiopia. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1- April 1, 2019 among 396 ART user women. Validated WHO tools were used to measure IPVAW and systematic random sampling technique was used to select individuals. The collected data were entered, using Epi data 4.4.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 24. Descriptive statistics were used to compute summary statistics and proportion. Multivariable logistic-regression were used to identify predictors of IPV.Result: A total of 396 women participated in the study. The prevalence of current IPV was 32.3% and lifetime IPV was 45.5%. Having history of first coerced sexual intercourse [AOR =3.0 (1.73, 5.44)], partner engagement in multiple sexual relationships [AOR = 2.2 (1.21, 4.06)], justifing wife beating is normal when she refused to have sex with her husband [AOR = 2.3 (1.29, 4.12)], using contraceptive [AOR = 3.33 (1.67, 6.62)] and women whose partner were farmer [AOR = 3.9 (1.43, 10.79)] were found to be significant predictors of IPV among sero-positive womenConclusion: One in three women reported at least two or more forms of violence from their partner. Individual level factor (exposure to first coerced sex, partner’s occupation, contraceptive use and women’s acceptance of violence) and relationship factor (male multi-partnership) were identified as a predisposing factor. In view of this addressing risky behavior practiced among male partner and challenging women attitude toward violence was crucial in reducing violence.
An exact mapping between loop-erased random walks and an interacting field theory with two fermions and one boson
Authors: Shapira Assaf , Wiese Kay Joerg
Published: November 2020

We give a simplified proof for the equivalence of loop-erased random
walks to a lattice model containing two complex fermions, and one
complex boson. This equivalence works on an arbitrary directed graph.
Specifying to the dd-dimensional
hypercubic lattice, at large scales this theory reduces to a scalar
\phi^4ϕ4-type
theory with two complex fermions, and one complex boson. While the path
integral for the fermions is the Berezin integral, for the bosonic field
we can either use a complex field \phi(x)\in \mathbb Cϕ(x)∈ℂ
(standard formulation) or a nilpotent one satisfying
\phi(x)^2 =0ϕ(x)2=0.
We discuss basic properties of the latter formulation, which has
distinct advantages in the lattice model.
ORBITALS IN GENERAL CHEMISTRY, PART II: MATHEMATICAL REALITIES
Authors: Lamoureux Guy , Ogilvie John
Published: November 2020

In Part II of a three-part series, we discuss two factors absent from textbooks of general chemistry that are important in a discussion of teaching orbitals. First, atomic orbitals are shown systematically to comprise algebraic formulae in coordinates of not one but four sets (spherical polar, paraboloidal, ellipsoidal, spheroconical coordinates). Each formula has its corresponding shape as a surface of constant amplitude; some visual examples are provided. Second, the argument that molecular structure is incompatible with quantum mechanics is presented. Despite the utility of orbitals as mathematical functions in various calculations, they are intrinsically complicated for the traditional purpose of qualitative explanation of molecular structure.
Metal Distribution in the Environmental Compartments of Manguaba Lagoon (Alagoas State, Brazil)
Authors: Freire Emerson , Wanderley Alinne , Botero Wander , Anunciação Daniela
Published: November 2020

The metal concentrations in water, sediments and mollusks (Tagelus plebeius) of the Manguaba Lagoon and the influence of humic substances from water and sediments in the distribution of these metals were investigated in this work. The mean metal concentrations in water were: Mg (89.0 ± 0.11), Ca (32.0 ± 0.10), Fe (0.97 ± 0.02), Mn (0.52 ± 0.01), Zn (0.33 ± 0.10) and Pb (0.22 ± 0.02) mg L-1. The Pb concentrations were above the Brazilian legislation limit. All sediment data were below maximum limit established by the National Council for the Environment (CONAMA, Brazil) of the Ministry of the Environment, and the concentration ranges for metals were: Fe (1199-60000), Mg (339-8870), Ca (461-3838), Cr (< LOQ-39.5) and Pb (< LOQ-12.5) mg kg-1 (LOQ: limit of quantification). None of the principal contaminants (Cr, Pb and Cd) was determined in Tagelus plebeius, being a positive fact once the population nearby Manguaba Lagoon consumes large amounts of this mollusk. According to the results, the influence of humic substances in the contaminant retention is evident as they become unavailable for absorption by mollusks of Manguaba Lagoon.
Multivariate Optimization of Extraction Variables of PAH in Particulate Matter (PM10) in Indoor/Outdoor Air at Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil
Authors: Ferreira Rodrigo , Nunes Camila , Souza Murilo , Canela Maria
Published: November 2020

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) are products of incomplete combustion of biomass and fossil fuels, that are produced on a larger scale by anthropogenic sources. Burning sugarcane plantations can be a source of atmospheric PAH in regions where this culture predominates. Campos dos Goytacazes, Brazil, is surrounded by sugarcane crops that still use fire as a facilitating method for the harvesting process. This study aims to evaluate the presence of outdoor and indoor PAH in 10 µm particulate matter (PM10) at one university in Campos dos Goytacazes. PM10 samples were collected from January to November 2018. Samples were extracted using an ultrasonic probe and analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The ideal extraction conditions (3 min; 150 W; 50 mL) were defined by 23 full factorial design. The analysis showed a significant PM10 level increase (23.19 to 34.50 µg m-3 in outdoor, and 15.15 to 31.66 µg m-3 in indoor samples) and higher total PAH concentration in the harvesting season (outdoor: 0.73 ng m-3; indoor 0.52 ng m-3) than in non-harvesting season (outdoor: 0.49 ng m-3; indoor: 0.28 ng m-3), however, average PAH values found in outdoor samples in harvesting season did not show significant difference from non-harvesting season.
Design of a tuned mass disc damper with variable natural frequency for chatter suppression
Authors: Brecher Christian , Zhao Guifeng , Fey Marcel
Published: November 2020

This paper presents a tuned mass disc damper (TMDD) for chatter suppression during metal cutting. The design utilizes the vibration of one cantilever beam. By the variation of the beam length, the natural frequency of the TMDD could be easily and accurately tuned to match the critical frequency of the primary structure. The damping effect of the TMDD is generated from the collision and the friction between the discs and the host structure, therefor it is essentially independent of the environment temperature and very durable.
Communication about environmental information: what drives the effect on income smoothing as proxy of earnings quality?
Authors: Lassaad Ben Mahjoub , Khamoussi Halioui
Published: November 2020

The purpose of this paper is to examine the association between corporate environmental reporting and income smoothing made by companies listed in Paris Stock Exchange. We use earnings smoothness as proxy of earnings quality desirable by investors and we measure environmental reporting by index score using content analysis method, the index was composed by items from French law of New Economic Regulation, the global compact, Global Reporting Initiative and new Acts on environmental protection. Our results show a positive relationship between the two variables; firms with high level of environmental reporting are less incited to smooth earnings.
The effectiveness of kinesio tape toward the ability of legs muscle’s power of amateur basketball players
Authors: Lesmana Gilang Imansyah , Nasrulloh Ahmad
Published: November 2020

This study aims to find out the effectiveness of kinesio tape use toward legs muscle’s power of amateur basketball players. The method used in this research was quasi experiment method. The population of this research was all of the basketball players. The sample was eleven amateur basketball players that were not competing nationally. Purposive sampling was used as the technique of sample collection. The instruments of this study were test and measurement. The technique of data collection was using survey method. Legs muscle's power are measured by using vertical jump test. The measurement was done three times which were posttest, pre-test 1, and pre-test 2. The data were analyzed using paired t-test with 5% significance level. The measurement generates results that are; (1) there are significant effects from legs muscle’s power before using kinesio tape and after using kinesio tape with p-value (0.004) 0.005; (2) there are significant effects from legs muscle’s power before using kinesio tape and after 30 minutes of using it with p-value (0.000) 0.005. The average calculation shows that using kinesio tape after 30 minutes are more effective than while it is being used. The conclusion of this study is kinesio tape has significant effects toward legs muscle’s power of amateur basketball players. EFEKTIVITAS KINESIO TAPE TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN DAYA LEDAK OTOT TUNGKAI PEMAIN BASKET AMATIR AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan kinesio tape terhadap daya ledak otot tungkai pemain basket amatir.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen semu. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh pemain basket. Sampel penelitian ini adalah 11 pemain basket amatir yang tidak berkompetisi nasional. Pemilihan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah tes dan pengukuran. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunakan metode survey. Pengukuran daya ledak otot tungkai menggunakan tes vertical jump. Pengukuran dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali yaitu post test, pre test 1, dan pre test 2. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan paired t-test dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Berdasakan pengukuran didapatkan hasil sebagai berikut, (1) tedapat efek yang signifikan dari daya ledak otot tungkai sebelum memakai kinesio tape dengan sesaat setelah memakai kinesio tape dengan nilai p (0.004) 0.005; (2) terdapat efek yang signifikan dari daya ledak otot tungkai sebelum memakai kinesio tape dengan setelah 30 menit  memakai kinesio tape dengan nilai p (0.000) 0.005. Hasil rata-rata perhitungan memperlihatkan bahwa lebih efektif pemakaian kinesio tape setelah 30 menit dibanding ketika sesaat digunakan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah kinesio tape mempunyai efek yang signifikan terhadap daya ledak otot tungkai pemain basket amatir.
The influences of foot run, brake runs, hop scotch, forward carioca for explosive power, agility, and speed in UNESA basketball male athlete
Authors: Kartiko Dwi Cahyo , Tuasikal Abdul Rachman Syam
Published: November 2020

The physical aspect is one of the most important factors in performance in sports and physical factor needs of an depends on sports performed by athletes. In the Basketball mostly do activity like jump, change direction, or sprint. This study aimed to analyze the exercises like foot run and brake run in increasing agility and speed. The research method is a quasi-experiment. The research was done in three stages, ie before treatment, at treatment, and after treatment. The population was students in Sport Education with the number of 161 students. When the samples taken by 44 students. Descriptive statistical analysis of data showed some improvement. Test results indicate normality and homogeneous for all data. The mean difference test performed using paired test, the results there are differences in all groups with an increase in the dependent variable, except the power limbs (p: 0272-0833). Test Box Test showed sig. 0184 which shows the covariance is the same in all groups. Manova test showed sig.0.001 stated that there is a difference between the dependent variable in 4 groups. The results showed that foot run and brake influence the agility and running speed. Pengaruh latihan foot run dan brake run terhadap kelincahan dan kecepatan pemain bolabasket pria di UNESA AbstrakAspek fisik merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam menentukan prestasi di berbagai cabang olahraga. Kebutuhan aspek fisik  seorang atlet sangat bergantung pada cabang olahraga yang dilakukan oleh atlet tersebut. Salah satu cabang olahraga yang dominan melompat, merubah arah, atau sprint adalah bola basket. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh jenis latihan foot run dan brake run terhadap peningkatan kelincahan dan kecepatan pemain. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimen semu. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tiga tahap, yaitu sebelum perlakuan, saat perlakuan, dan setelah perlakuan. Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa S1 Pendidikan Olahraga angkatan 2013 yang memprogram mata kuliah bola basket dasar dengan jumlah 161 mahasiswa. Sedangkan sampel yang digunakan adalah berjumlah 44 mahasiswa.cHasil penelitian pada uji normalitas dan homogen menunjukan hasil data normal dan homogen. Uji beda rerata dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji paired, hasilnya terdapat perbedaan peningkatan pada semua kelompok dengan variabel terikat, kecuali pada power tungkai (p:0.272–0.833). Uji Box Test menunjukan sig. 0.184 yang menunjukan kovarian yang sama pada semua kelompok. Uji Manova menunjukan sig.0.001 dinyatakan bahwa terdapat perbedaan antara variabel terikat  pada 4 kelompok tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis latihan foot run dan brake run memberi pengaruh secara bersama terhadap kelincahan dan kecepatan lari pemain.
The Effect of Mobile Learning about the Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation on Nursing Students' Skills (Preprint)
Authors: Mollaee Zyenab , Najafi Ghezeljeh Tahereh , Haghani Hamid
Published: November 2020

BACKGROUND

Cardiac arrest is an acute and important emergency situation. The acquisition of cardiopulmonary resuscitation skills for nursing students has received special attention in the educational courses.

OBJECTIVE

The present study aimed to determine the impact of mobile application learning on the nursing students' skills about the cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

METHODS

This pre-test and post-test design with a control group was carried out in 2018 on 64 undergraduate nursing students who recruited by the census method. The skills were investigated and compared before, one and three months after the education between intervention (received traditional education plus mobile-application based learning) and control groups (traditional education). Data was collected using a modified checklist of skills assessment.

RESULTS

According to the findings, compared to the control group, students' skills in the intervention group significantly increased one and three months after the education (P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

The mobile application learning was effective in improving students’ skills for confronting with cardiac arrest patients.
Pendampingan UKM Bidang Fashion pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
Authors: Cholsy Hayatul , Firmonasari Aprillia , Udasmoro Wening
Published: November 2020

The Covid-19 pandemic has affected various aspects of human life, including to the fashion sector. The negative impact of the pandemic has disrupted the business operations of MSME (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) players, that exports cannot be carried out so that production does not run properly. This program, in collaboration with FFTI (Forum Fair Trade Indonesia) and IFC (Indonesian Fashion Chamber), aims to assist MSMEs in preparing products that can be made and marketed during the new normal in the local and global markets. The online seminar, which was held twice by presenting competent speakers, is expected to be able to help as well as open the insights of MSMEs in the fashion sector to be ready to run their business during the pandemic and new normal by continuing to be creative and think positively.====Pandemi Covid-19 telah berpengaruh terhadap berbagai aspek kehidupan manusia, termasuk dalam bidang fashion. Dampak negatif pandemi mengganggu jalannya bisnis para pelaku UMKM (Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah), di antaranya ekspor tidak bisa dilakukan sehingga produksi tidak berjalan sebagaimana mestinya. Program yang bekerja sama dengan FFTI (Forum Fair Trade Indonesia) dan IFC (Indonesian Fashion Chamber) ini bertujuan untuk mendampingi UMKM dalam menyiapkan produk yang dapat dibuat dan dipasarkan selama masa new normal di pasar lokal dan pasar global. Seminar daring yang dilakukan sebanyak dua kali dengan menghadirkan narasumber yang kompeten diharapkan dapat membantu sekaligus membuka wawasan para pelaku UMKM bidang fashion untuk siap menjalani bisnisnya pada masa pandemi dan new normal dengan terus berkreasi serta berpikir positif.
Convención sobre los Derechos del Niño y su aplicación desde el Az Mapu
Authors: Curihuinca Neira Elsy
Published: November 2020

The results of an investigation whose objective was to propose ways of resignifying the Convention on the Rights of the Child in the light of Az Mapu (Mapuche normative system) are presented. The methodology used was mixed, and was carried out through Mapuche mechanisms for collecting and analyzing information. Also, it was accompanied with bibliographical revision and dogmatic analysis, identifying the strong topoi that are contained in the Convention and in Az Mapu. The results show that intercultural dialogue is possible between the two systems, through the principle of child’s best interest/well being, which is operationalized due to the status granted to / picike ce (little person) on the Mapuche society.
Professoras municipais da educação infantil de Curitiba
Authors: Salsamendi Daniela Sanches , Coutinho Angela Maria Scalabrin
Published: November 2020

Este artigo apresenta alguns elementos analíticos sobre a representação sindical das docentes da Rede Municipal de Educação de Curitiba, salientando o caso das trabalhadoras da Educação Infantil e é parte de uma pesquisa que investiga a profissionalização docente na Educação Infantil Pública da cidade de Curitiba. A metodologia utilizada neste estudo foi bibliográfica e documental, com revisão das informações vinculadas pelos sindicatos de classe. Os resultados demonstraram uma etapa de Educação Infantil pública fragmentada, gerada pela própria constituição das carreiras no município de Curitiba e que reflete diretamente nas suas formas de associação, revelando dois sindicatos de caráter mais mobilizatório e informativo do que efetivamente de representação e intervenção.