bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Aerosol-cloud-radiation interaction during Saharan dust episodes: The dusty cirrus puzzle
Authors: Seifert Axel , Bachmann Vanessa , Filipitsch Florian , Förstner Jochen , Grams Christian , Hoshyaripour Gholam Ali , Quinting Julian , Rohde Anika , Vogel Heike , Wagner Annette , Vogel Bernhard
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Dusty cirrus clouds are extended optically thick cirrocumulus decks that occur during strong mineral dust events. So far they have been mostly documented over Europe associated with dust-infused baroclinic storms. Since today's numerical weather prediction models neither predict mineral dust distributions nor consider the interaction of dust with cloud microphysics, they cannot simulate this phenomenon. We postulate that the dusty cirrus forms through a mixing instability of moist clean air with drier dusty air. A corresponding sub-grid parameterization is suggested and tested in the ICON-ART model. Only with help of this parameterization ICON-ART is able to simulate the formation of the dusty cirrus, which leads to substantial improvements in cloud cover and radiative fluxes compared to simulations without this parameterization. A statistical evaluation over six Saharan dust events with and without observed dusty cirrus shows robust improvements in cloud and radiation scores. The ability to simulate dusty cirrus formation removes the linear dependency on mineral dust aerosol optical depth from the bias of the radiative fluxes. This suggests that the formation of dusty cirrus clouds is the dominant aerosol-cloud-radiation effect of mineral dust over Europe.
Performance evaluation of portable dual-spot micro-aethalometers for source identification of Black Carbon aerosols: Application to wildfire smoke and traffic emissions in the Pacific Northwest
Authors: Chakraborty Mrinmoy , Giang Amanda , Zimmerman Naomi
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Black Carbon (BC) is a component of particulate matter, emitted from the incomplete combustion of carbonaceous fuels. The presence of BC in the atmosphere can disrupt the atmospheric radiation budget, and exposure to BC can adversely affect human health. Multi-wavelength light absorption-based dual-spot aethalometers can be used to quantify the source and characteristics of BC from traffic or biomass burning-based sources. However, aethalometer measurements are affected by artifacts such as aerosol loading and light scattering; hence, they often need correction to reduce measurement uncertainty. This work assesses the performance of the recently developed portable aethalometer (MA300, AethLabs). Due to their portability and ease of usage, MA300s can be suitable for mobile and personal exposure monitoring. Here, we evaluate BC concentration and source apportionment accuracy of three MA300 units relative to a widely used aethalometer, the AE33 (Magee Scientific). Synchronous field measurements were performed at a major traffic intersection during regular and wildfire smoke-affected days in Vancouver, Canada. We find that MA300 reported BC mass concentrations were strongly correlated (Slope range between 0.73 and 1.01, with R2 = 0.9) compared to the reference instrument, yet there is visible instrumental variability (15 %) across three units. The mean absolute error of MA300 reported BC concentrations ranged between 0.44–0.98 ug m-3 with the highest deviations observed in wildfire smoke-affected polluted days. From the aerosol light absorption measurement perspective, MA300s tend to underestimate the absorption coefficients (babs) across the five wavelengths. UV channel light absorption results were subjected to the highest amount of noise, leading to systematic bias in source apportionment analysis. We investigated the application of the latest non-linear aethalometer correction protocols in the MA300 and found that flow fluctuations enhanced noise across all channels, compared to onboard instrument correction. We also identify that the UV (λ = 370 nm) channel absorption measurements are most sensitive to instrumental artifacts during the wildfire smoke-affected period. Hence, as an alternative to traditional UV and IR (λ = 880 nm)-based BC source apportionment methods, in this work, we tested the Blue (λ = 470 nm) and IR wavelengths for BC source apportionment calculation. By adopting Blue-IR based source apportionment technique in MA300, the apportioned BC components improves on average in the order of 10 % when compared against the reference monitor's results.
The 2021 volcanic eruption in La Palma Island and its impact on ionospheric scintillation as measured from GNSS reference stations, GNSS-R, and GNSS-RO
Authors: Molina Carlos , Boudriki Semlali Badr-Eddine , Park Hyuk , Camps Adriano
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Ionospheric disturbances induced by seismic activity have been studied in the last years by many authors, showing an impact both before and after the occurrence of earthquakes. In this study, the ionospheric scintillation produced by the 2021 La Palma volcano eruption is analyzed. The "Cumbre Vieja" volcano was active from September 19th to December 13th, 2021, and many magnitude 3–4 earthquakes were recorded, with some of them reaching magnitude 5. In this study the three methods: GNSS reference monitoring, GNSS Reflectometry (GNSS-R) from NASA CYGNSS, and GNSS Radio Occultation (GNSS-RO) from COSMIC and Spire constellations, are used, allowing us to compare and evaluate their performance in the same conditions. To compare the seismic activity with ionospheric scintillation, earthquakes’ generated energy, and percentile 95 % of the intensity scintillation parameter (S4), measurements have been computed every 6 h intervals for the whole duration of the volcanic eruption. GNSS-RO has shown the best correlation between earthquakes’ energy and S4, with values up to 0.09 when the perturbations occur around 18 h after the seismic activity. GNSS reference monitoring stations data also shows some correlation 18 h after and 7–8 days after. As expected, GNSS-R is the one that shows the smallest correlation, as the ionospheric signatures get masked by the signature of the surface where the reflection is taking place. Additionally, as expected as well, the three methods show a smaller correlation during the week before earthquakes.
Rate-induced tipping in natural and human systems
Authors: Ritchie Paul , Alkhayuon Hassan , Cox Peter , Wieczorek Sebastian
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Over the last two decades, tipping points have become a hot topic due to the devastating consequences that they may have on natural and human systems. Tipping points are typically associated with a system bifurcation when external forcing crosses a critical level, causing an abrupt transition to an alternative, and often less desirable, state. The main message of this review is that the rate of change in forcing is arguably of even greater relevance in the human-dominated anthropocene, but is rarely examined as a potential sole mechanism for tipping points. Thus, we address the related phenomenon of rate-induced tipping: an instability that occurs when external forcing varies across some critical rate, usually without crossing any bifurcations. First, we explain when to expect rate-induced tipping. Then, we use three illustrating examples of differing complexity to highlight universal and generic properties of rate-induced tipping in a range of natural and human systems.
Downscaled hyper-resolution (400 m) gridded datasets of daily precipitation and temperature (2008–2019) for the East–Taylor subbasin (western United States)
Authors: Mital Utkarsh , Dwivedi Dipankar , Brown James B. , Steefel Carl I.
Published: November 2022

Abstract. High-resolution gridded datasets of meteorological
variables are needed in order to resolve fine-scale hydrological gradients
in complex mountainous terrain. Across the United States, the highest
available spatial resolution of gridded datasets of daily meteorological
records is approximately 800 m. This work presents gridded datasets of daily
precipitation and mean temperature for the East–Taylor subbasin (in the western
United States) covering a 12-year period (2008–2019) at a high spatial
resolution (400 m). The datasets are generated using a downscaling framework
that uses data-driven models to learn relationships between climate
variables and topography. We observe that downscaled datasets of
precipitation and mean temperature exhibit smoother spatial gradients (while
preserving the spatial variability) when compared to their coarser
counterparts. Additionally, we also observe that when downscaled datasets
are upscaled to the original resolution (800 m), the mean residual error is
almost zero, ensuring no bias when compared with the original data.
Furthermore, the downscaled datasets are observed to be linearly related to
elevation, which is consistent with the methodology underlying the original
800 m product. Finally, we validate the spatial patterns exhibited by
downscaled datasets via an example use case that models lidar-derived
estimates of snowpack. The presented dataset constitutes a valuable resource
to resolve fine-scale hydrological gradients in the mountainous terrain of
the East–Taylor subbasin, which is an important study area in the context of
water security for the southwestern United States and Mexico. The dataset is
publicly available at https://doi.org/10.15485/1822259
(Mital et al., 2021).
Preferences of youth for social engagement in neighbourhood parks
Authors:   , Ziaesaeidi
Published: November 2022

This research expands our understanding of youth social activities, and the conditions and locations for their greater social engagement within neighbourhood parks. This study used behaviour settings theory to explore youth motives and preferences for park use in the Moreton Bay Region of South-East Queensland, Australia. This thesis used a qualitative methodology that included two youth-friendly data collection methods: a photo-choice tool with youth aged 9-17; and a one-off workshop with youth aged 16-23. Findings suggest that youth motives to use parks were predominantly linked to being socially engaged through play-based activities with friends.
Comparativo de dois protocolos de substâncias químicas auxiliares utilizados em endodontia em duas faculdades de odontologia (USP-São Paulo e UNICAMP-Piracicaba)
Authors: Medeiros João Marcelo Ferreira de , Ferreira Gabriel de Souza , Lima Kariny do Carmo , Pedron Irineu Gregnanin , Shitsuka Caleb
Published: November 2022

Todos os avanços tecnológicos, tendo como ponto central o aprimoramento dos preparos químico-cirúrgicos e a instrumentação mecânica cada vez mais eficiente, uma taxa de falha endodôntica efetiva tem diminuído devido ao avanço na introdução de novas substâncias ativas auxiliares para instrumentação como a solução de hipoclorito de sódio e clorexidina que oferecem a possibilidade de desinfecção do sistema de canais radiculares e a necessidade de novos protocolos que podem ser realizados em uma única sessão. Portanto, o objetivo desta investigação, com base na literatura pertinente de 30 artigos científicos pesquisados nas bases de dados Google e Academic PubMed identificados até maio de 2021, foi comparar a ação de duas substâncias irrigantes, hipoclorito de sódio e clorexidina, ambas utilizadas em protocolos de faculdades diferentes, sendo um da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo que utiliza solução de hipoclorito de sódio por sua capacidade de dissolver tecidos além de ter ação antibacteriana e outro da Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de Campinas que utiliza a clorexidina, na forma de gel ou líquido, como irrigante, cujo diferencial é possuir propriedade de aglutinar todo o substrato dentário, não sendo tóxico para os tecidos periodontais e tendo ação antimicrobiana de longa duração.
La Alianza Global para la Cooperación Eficaz al Desarrollo (AGCED): una mirada desde el Perú
Authors: Lúcar Olivera Johana , Silva Sebastián Nancy Magaly
Published: November 2022

La Alianza Global para la Cooperación Eficaz al Desarrollo (AGCED) es una plataforma que busca fortalecer la eficacia de la cooperación internacional para el desarrollo. Sin embargo, luego de diez años de existencia, no ha presentado los resultados esperados, en especial para América Latina y el Caribe (ALC). El objetivo general del presente documento es analizar el grado de eficacia de la cooperación promovida por la AGCED para ALC y en especial para el Perú. Esta investigación presenta dos resultados: (i) la AGCED no representa para ALC un espacio de vital importancia en términos de cooperación y (ii) pese a que el Perú ha demostrado liderazgo dentro de la AGCED, aún tiene muchos desafíos a los que enfrentarse. La importancia del estudio radica en que aborda el tema de manera integral y desde la visión peruana, análisis que no se encuentra presente en la literatura académica sobre el tema.
De Bendiciones y Memorias Prescindibles. Mujeres campesinas, abandonos ordinarios y restitución de tierras en Nariño, Colombia
Authors: Lazala Silva Hernández Yira Carmiña
Published: November 2022

Este artículo analiza algunas consecuencias inadvertidas asociadas con la implementación de la restitución de tierras en una vereda del departamento de Nariño, en Colombia. Dichos efectos se abordan etnográficamente y desde una perspectiva feminista, con base en las experiencias cotidianas de mujeres campesinas. Se subraya la resistencia que estas mujeres agencian en contra del silenciamiento de lo que defino aquí como abandonos ordinarios: aquellos sufridos debido a la superposición de discriminaciones que se manifiestan en formas cotidianas de sufrimiento social. Tal ocultamiento se produce cuando la narrativa transicional para entender el retorno a la tierra se vuelve dominante, ya que esta deja por fuera del análisis formas de abandono que no encajan dentro de los contornos de lo que este marco define como reparación. Al mismo tiempo, las mujeres campesinas del territorio estudiado se resisten a la aparición de una jerarquía entre las memorias prescindibles, aquellas que narran los abandonos ordinarios y no se traducen en un resarcimiento, y las memorias imperativas, aquellas que el Estado selecciona para construir la verdad jurídica sobre el abandono de tierras y otorgar una reparación.
Epílogo. A las que zarandean. Reflexiones sobre un proceso colectivo de escritura y acompañamiento
Authors: Martín-Chiappe María Laura , Montoto Ugarte Marina
Published: November 2022

Epílogo. A las que zarandean. Reflexiones sobre un proceso colectivo de escritura y acompañamiento
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE 30-SECOND BURPEE TEST VARIATION AND ANTHROPOMETRIC AND MOTOR DIMENSIONS IN FEMALE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Authors: Kojić Filip , Mandić Danimir , Pelemiš Vladan , Đurić Saša
Published: November 2022

The 3-minute Burpee test has been widely reported in the literature, however the motor abilities assessed by the 30- second Burpee test (30SBT) variation are not clearly defined. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the 30SBT and components of physical fitness, including anthropometric and motor characteristics, in the study participants. The sample consisted of 75 female students of Teacher Education Faculty, University of Belgrade. Pearson´s correlation coefficient showed that 30SBT was negatively related to body height (r = -0.529, p < 0.01) and body mass (r = - 0.350, p < 0.01) as anthropometric variables, and also positively correlated with body coordination (r = 0.517, p < 0.01), agility (r = 0.380, p < 0.01), upper-body (r = 0.373, p < 0.01) and trunk strength (r = 0.257,both p < 0.05) and flexibility (r = 0.259, p < 0.05) as motor abilities. However, when we applied a regression analysis, the bestfit model demonstrated a clear significant causal relationship only between measures of body height and burpee test scores (R² = 0.279, p < 0.01) and also between burpee test performance with coordination and agility (R² = 0.313, p < 0.01). This findings suggest that the effectiveness of the 30-second Burpee test is highly dependent on motor abilities such as coordination and agility, and that body height has a negative impact on Burpee test performance. Given that the test is timeefficient and also economically and organizationally practical, the authors suggest that the 30-second Burpee variation should be implemented in physical education classes to assess motor dimensions of preschool, school, and university populations.
SPORT FACTORS AS CORRELATES OF SMOKING, DRINKING AND MULTIPLE SUBSTANCE MISUSE IN ADOLESCENCE: CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
Authors: Zenic Nataša , Sattler Tine
Published: November 2022

Sport participation is frequently considered as protective factor against substance misuse (SUM) in adolescence, but there is an evident lack of empirical studies which examined this problem taking into account various facets of sport participation (sport factors). This study aimed to evaluate possible associations between various sport factors and SUM in older adolescents from Croatia. The sample comprised 788 adolescents (16-to 18 years of age, 45% females). Variables included sport factors (participation in individual and team sports, competitive achievement in sports, and experience in sports), and SUM data (cigarette smoking, harmful alcohol drinking (HD), and simultaneous HD and smoking [multiple-SUM]). Boys were more involved in sports, and were more likely to be engaged in HD and MSUM than girls. Logistic regressions provided no evidence about significant association between sport factors, and smoking and HD. Sport factors were significantly associated to multiple-SUM, with lower likelihood of MSUM in adolescents who achieved better sport success (OR: 0.57, 95%CI: 0.40-0.78), who were involved in individual sports (OR: 0.71, 95%CI: 0.50-0.91), and team sports (OR: 0.80, 95%CI: 0.56-0.99). Sport factors may be observed as being protective against multiple-SUM, which is explained by characteristics of the sport participation in youth (i.e. orientation toward success, age-bonding, adult supervision).
THE RELIABILITY OF THE DIFFICULTY GRADING OF SPORT CLIMBING ROUTES
Authors: Leskošek Bojan , Blagus Rok
Published: November 2022

This is the first study aiming to evaluate the reliability of assigning a difficulty grade to a climb. Each of the 70 climbers, divided by their abilities into group A (intermediate) and group B (advanced), climbed 5 different routes, and independently suggested a grade for the routes. Although the reliability was generally high (Kendall W = .89 and .86, intraclass correlation coefficient ICC = .82 and .89 in groups A and B, respectively), the grades proposed by a single climber have too large a standard error of measurement to confidently claim that two routes with different grades are truly of different difficulties. The most important factor associated with the accuracy and bias of grading, was the gap between a climber's ability and a route's difficulty (easier routes were graded less accurate, advanced climbers underestimated the true difficulty of the routes). The following factors were also found important for grading; their effect however, was lower, or was only found in some routes or in one group: success (failed attempts were graded higher), tiredness, sex and body height (but only unadjusted for sex). Surprisingly, no significant effects were found for climbing experience, ability level, and style of climbing (onsight, flash).
Diagnostics of the Teacher's Professional Skills to use Innovative Forms and Teaching Methods
Authors: Divinska Natalia
Published: November 2022

The article aims to investigate scientific approaches to the process of diagnostics of the teacher's readiness for innovative activities as well as the basic skills necessary for the teacher to apply innovative forms and methods of education.

The analysis of scientific research contributes to the determination of the main contradiction between the requirements put forward by the state to teachers regarding the introduction of innovative forms and methods of education and the insufficient level of mastery of innovative technologies and the formation of readiness for the introduction of innovations.

The process of formation of professional skills to apply innovative forms and methods of training is presented in the form of a model, the structural components of which are: principles of organization of the educational process aimed at the effective formation of professional skills to apply innovative forms and methods of training; method of formation of professional skills to apply innovative forms and methods of training; methods of applying innovative forms and methods of education; diagnostics of the levels of professional skills to apply innovative forms and methods of training; implementation of innovative forms and methods of training into the educational process of higher education institutions; pedagogical guidance in the process of formation of professional skills to apply innovative forms and methods of education.

It is revealed that the formation of professional skills to apply innovative forms and methods of training will contribute to the development of appropriate readiness.

Four levels of development of skills to apply innovative forms and methods of education are defined and it is recommended to carry out diagnostics according to two indicators determining both, the theoretical and practical readiness of the teacher to apply innovative methods and forms of education.
Infological modeling of the space for software engineering education
Authors: Nesnerenko Oleksandr
Published: November 2022

It is determined that the quality of software engineering education is influenced by modern industrial trends and IT trends, software technology tendencies, as well as the dynamics of software development teams. Given the wide range of technologies faced by groups of developers, it is determined that teaching should be based not only on the characteristics of technologies and projects, but also on the personal characteristics of programmers in accordance with the methodology of group dynamics and communications. In general, this leads to the fact that learning tasks are usually multifactorial and information overloaded. This produces educational problems related to expansion the fundamental (traditional) sets of competencies and skills and requires methodological delineation for the prospect of their wider application in pedagogical systems of software engineering. To support this area, the target audience should include industry employers and other actors. It was revealed that current issues also include problems of quality and completeness of information collected and submitted to support educational problems, questions to acquaint students with information support of decision-making processes. The approach to software engineering education is improved by modelling the integration of the requirements of current industry and IT industry trends, international recommendations, and the potential of soft skills. An ontological model of the subject area of software engineering as a basis of knowledge base of intelligent information system for application within pedagogical systems of higher education is offered. The following researches are planned, focused on the further development of the ontological model, filling it with content, creating an appropriate knowledge base and improvement of methodical materials.
Orientation and Mobility Services in Nigeria by Vision Status
Authors: Ajuwon Paul M. , Olawuwo Samuel O. , Ahon Adaka T. , Griffin-Shirley Nora , Nguyen The , Stallings Rebecca Y.
Published: November 2022

In many developing countries, orientation and mobility (O&M) services and programs are inadequate. A survey of 296 visually impaired Nigerians was conducted in 2018 to assess availability of, and experiences with, O&M services and training. Three-fourths of those sampled were blind. O&M items were analyzed by vision status. Persons with partial sight were more likely than blind persons to use a cane without the assistance of a human guide and less likely to ask for help if lost and unaccompanied. However, they did not express more confidence in their ability to travel independently, suggesting a sense of stigmatization. Level of confidence was positively associated with the extent of training and degree of skill in both orientation and mobility, supporting the importance of training with sufficient intensity. Analysis revealed that many partially sighted individuals were substituting another device for a white cane, yet reporting either not wanting or needing a white cane, implying a perception of stigmatization. Among those owning white canes, blind persons reported more difficulty navigating independently, citing primarily physical impediments and adverse topographic conditions. Recommendations are made for local manufacture of white canes, improvements in physical infrastructure, and establishment of a national registry of all persons with disabilities.
Fantasier och retoriska visioner. Den retoriska analysen av sociala verkligheter
Authors: Bormann Ernest G.
Published: November 2022

Översatt och med introduktion av Nadja Fransson & Alexander Stagnell. ”Fantasy and rhetorical vision: The rhetorical criticism of social reality”, i Quarterly Journal of Speech 58 (1972) Översättning: Alexander Stagnell och Nadja Fransson.
Konstitutiv actio
Authors: Fisker Thore Keitum
Published: November 2022

This article introduces the concept of constitutive actio in a rhetorical critique of Danish prime minister Mette Frederiksen’s speech at the corona press briefing on March 11, 2020. The analysis illustrates how the speaker’s voice use, body language and facial expressions contribute to the constitution of a discursive audience identity. The article examines voice use and body language phenomena such as emphases, pauses and gaze direction in the perspective expressed in Maurice Char­land’s constitutive rhetoric (1987). The article thus seeks also to expand the rhetorical understanding of voice use, which often focuses on persuasion or the audience’s attribution of character traits or credibility to the speaker
The application of the radar approach in the European Foundation Quality Management (EFQM)
Authors: Hameed Miami
Published: November 2022

In managing today's dynamic and challenging business environment, managers want to show that their firms stand apart. The most common way to do this is to raise performance levels consistently. An organization's progress toward organizational excellence can be measured using the European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) Excellence Model, which is the most accurate and relevant method. The EFQM model is used in this research to provide a novel integrated strategy for improving overall organizational Performance. RADAR's approach and the proposed technique based on fuzzy Logic were used in a case study at the Iraqi Oil Tanker Company to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed method, which was demonstrated by using the European Foundation for Quality Management framework to identify strengths and opportunities for improvement ( EFQM). The Matlab software was used to implement the recommended strategy.
The influence of fertilizer types on the growth of garlic in north Toraja
Authors: Yusuf Limbongan
Published: November 2022

Garlic is one of the typical highland plants that is widely used for medicine and seasoning (food). The white bottom has many benefits and has been developed by cultivation by the community including in North Toraja Regency. The purpose of the study was to analyze the effect of applying fertilizers of different types on garlic plants. The research method used was an experimental method with a Complete Randomized Design Technique, consisting of 4 different types of fertilizers with an observation time of 8 and 15 weeks after planting with 2 repeats so that 16 observational data were obtained. Data analysis was carried out with a parametric statistical analysis approach with the Anova real difference test technique (Analysis of variance). The results of the study obtained that based on the number of leaves obtained a significant difference in the influence of fertilizers. Similarly, at plant height, the same conditions are obtained, namely significant differences in all types of fertilizers. Thus, it is concluded that the influence of fertilizers is very different markedly on the growth of garlic plants, both in terms of the number of leaves and the height of the plant.
Hermeneutics of Lacerated Souls amidst Political Praxis of Partition in Amrita Pritam’s Pinjar
Authors: Priyanka Bhardwaj
Published: November 2022

Pinjar (1950) is a precise novel which talks and envisages the status of women. Amrita Pritam has very well constructed the narration of partition from the women’s point of view. It is a snivel of women against her existential destiny and social cruelty. This novel is a demonstration of impactful narration of the archetypal social line against the weaker section of the society. She is the representation of what women had undergone during partition. These women had no thoughts in partition but they were the ones who suffered it the most. This research paper studies the unheard voices and pain of partition through literature. The novelist has used the mythos and ethos of partition to explore its various versions through fiction of the Indian subcontinent.
Cultural Awareness in Nirad C. Chaudhuri’s The Autobiography of an Unknown Indian
Authors: Mukesh Kumar Maurya  , Dr Aparna Trtipathi
Published: November 2022

The early part of the nineteenth century, the Indian cultural movement reached its climax and then began to break up. The sign of decay starts to come in perception in the years between 1916 and 1948. So the first hand sense of build up modern Indian culture started by the great Bengali reformers like Michael Madhusudan Dutt, Raja Ram Mohun Roy, Swami Vivekananda and Rabindra Nath Tagore. In the beginning of twentieth century, the attempt of these social reformers created a sense of literary, humanistic, religious and ethical values of Indian culture. After the independence, Chaudhuri confirms that the attempt of them made the sense of cultural equality. The native culture realized that it should not imitate the traits of the alien culture any longer and began to cleanse itself of the contamination by the alien culture. But Chaudhuri observes that Hinduism and Indian culture has supernatural sense and it should be modify reasonably to make rich the ethical values. The literary works of Nirad C. Chaudhuri have generally presented him to be an anti-Indian writer. He considered as a communicator of the complexity of his native culture, embodies newness and describe the colonies as exotic perspective.  This essay studies Nirad C. Chaudhuri’s attempt to write the output of Indian culture through an autobiographical non-fiction The Autobio-graphy of an Unknown Indian establishing his views and position detached from his countrymen. Here he expresses his views regarding the West and the East from a self-detached point of view. The critics and literary personalities related to him believe that he is a social observer more than a social writer. In this book, he gives an account of cultural, religious, and political aspect of society. In this paper, we will study how much relevant the book in respect of Indian cultural ethos.
Non toccarmi! Un caso di lesione ossea "don’t touch"
Authors: Casertano Marianna , Caprio Angela Maria , Longobardi Giuseppe
Published: November 2022

Bone lesions in children are common yet difficult to manage, both for the concern that they arouse in the patient’s family and for their heterogeneous nature. Although most cases are benign, the distinction between benign and malignant bone tumours is not straightforward. A careful clinical and radiological evaluation is always necessary and sometimes helps to identify those lesions that in case of typical characteristics and unequivocal radiological evolution, absence of increased bone fragility and absence of associated general signs and symptoms (pain, fever) should only be monitored and do not require a more aggressive approach. Currently, these lesions are radiologically defined as “don’t touch lesions”. In the presented clinical case, close clinical and radiological follow-up led to the diagnosis of an aneurysmal bone cyst, therefore biopsy or surgical procedure stress to the patient and her family were avoided.
Una tumefazione della parete addominale
Authors: Bizzoco Francesca , Francavilla Ruggiero , Cristofori Fernanda , Palladino Stefano , Genchi Vincenzo
Published: November 2022

A 12-year-old girl complained of a painless, slightly pulsatile abdominal lump for two months. Radiological imaging showed a fusiform lesion within the abdominal wall, between the external and internal oblique muscle, with nonhomogeneous echo-structure and high vascular density at the colour-power-Doppler analysis. The findings suggested an intramuscular arteriovenous malformation. The patient underwent a two-step treatment, namely a preoperative transarterial angioembolization of the nourishing vessels through the right femoral artery that was followed by a surgical resection of the lesion. Recovery was uneventful and during the follow-up no relapses were reported.
Ossa rotte e diagnosi difficili
Authors: Malni Irene
Published: November 2022

The Author describes the case of a 5-year-old boy with recurrent bone fractures without blue sclera eventually diagnosed as osteogenesis imperfecta due to a mutation in BMP1 gene.
Reclutamento docenti, pluralismo educativo e ruolo dei dottori di ricerca nella scuola secondaria
Authors: Asti Lorenzo , Carosotti Giovanni
Published: November 2022

L'articolo propone un’analisi della recente ristrutturazione del sistema di reclutamento dei docenti di scuola secondaria. Della riforma si rilevano le criticità legate alla sottovalutazione delle conoscenze disciplinari negli insegnanti e, più in generale, nell’istruzione pubblica. Si delineano i principi di riferimento per un sistema di reclutamento e di aggiornamento coerente con una visione democratica della scuola e viene suggerita la valorizzazione dei dottori di ricerca nell’istruzione secondaria, come riferimento di sapere disciplinare aggiornato e collegamento tra scuola e università.
“You just stood there and watched”: The Transformative Power of a Woman’s Withholding in Edith Wharton’s Sanctuary
Authors: Parsons Isabelle
Published: November 2022

Edith Wharton’s Sanctuary was long dismissed for want of a convincing plot and heroine, but the novella has been shown to reward focused inquiry. It may be read, among other things, as a revealing, early example of Wharton’s uses of secrets and silences to portray women’s lives. Withholding would become a central feature of her writing, and the topic of women, one of her enduring artistic interests. This article examines Sanctuary’s fictional and textual secrets, as well as the roles of silences with reference to the numerous instances of vigil-keeping in the novella. It finds Wharton exploring acts of withholding by a woman and imbuing them with a significant power to transform others, so subverting the historical silences and silencing of women.
Effectiveness of Oral Magnesium in improving in-Hospital Outcome in patients presenting with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Authors: Sulehria Sohail Bashir , Masood Hafiza Farah , Yousaf Muhammad Kamran , Hussain Nasir , Batool Masooma , Athar Ch Adnan Ahmed
Published: November 2022

Aim: To study effectiveness of oral magnesium in improving in-hospital outcome in patients presenting with COPD exacerbation. Study Setting: It was conducted at Department of Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore. Duration of study: Six month following approval of synopsis Study design: Comparative Cross-Sectional Methods: Total 160 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected . All patients regardless of the group were given conventional management in the form of oxygen inhalation, anti-cholinergic and beta-2 agonist nebulization, intravenous steroids as well as steroid nebulization and intravenous antibiotics. In addition, Group-A was given magnesium in the form of 400 mg of magnesium oxide twice daily. Both groups were followed over their time of stay in the hospital to assess effect of oral magnesium. Data were entered and analyzed by SPSS v26.0. Means were compared by applying students t-test. Two groups were compared using Chi-square test. A p-value ≤0.05 was taken as statistically significant. Results: According to outcome distribution between groups, in group-A, 44(55%) patients were discharged, while 24(30%) needed assisted ventilation and 12(15%) expired. In group-B, 58(72.5%) patients were discharged, while 6(7.5%) needed assisted ventilation and 16(20%) expired with a p-value 0.178 ( for discharge), which is not statistically significant Conclusion: Oral magnesium does not effectively improve in-hospital outcome in those who presented with COPD exacerbation in comparison to those not receiving oral magnesium. Keywords: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Acute Exacerbation, Magnesium Sulphate.
Effects of Eldoa Technique with Conservative Treatment on Pain Threshold of Active Trigger Points in Upper Trapezius and Levator Scpulae
Authors: Javaid Misbah , Mansha Haroon , Khalid Muhammad Usman , Hassan Muhammad , Kazmi Yasir , Naseer Muhammad Waseem
Published: November 2022

Background: The muscles that sustain body posture and the neck posture both have an impact on the cervical muscle, which is also frequently injured. The upper trapezius muscle is most frequently affected by trigger points, which is a common and prevalent condition. Aim: To assess the effectiveness of ELDOA exercises at the cervical spine and treating trigger points in the trapezius and levator scapulae. Methodology: The Ibn-e-Siena Hospital and Research Institute in Multan conducted a quasi-study. The participants were divided into two groups using a coin flip as a sampling method with the study sample size of 26. The Goniometer, Numeric Pain Rating Scale and Neck Disability Index were used to collect data from patients between the ages of 18 and 40. Results: An independent t-test was applied. Mean age ranged from 24.70±5.75 in the experiment group and 25.18±5.61 in the control group. The patients have radiated pain in control group was 3 (30%), trapezius trigger point7(70%) andlevator scapulae 3(30%) while in experimental group, pain radiating 6(60%), trapezius trigger point6(60%) and levator scapulae 4(40%). The post-results data revealed that the p values for the NPRS, Algometry and NDI significant differences were 0.025, 0.025, and 0.00, respectively. Conclusion: The results of the current investigation, the ELDOA approach considerably reduced discomfort, cervical ranges, and neck impairment brought on by trigger points. Keyword: Neck pain, Trigger Point, Skeletal Muscle, Myofascial Pain, Active Soft Tissue Release,
Inhibition of Effects of Acetylcholine at Neuromuscular Junction by Omeprazole
Authors: Azeem Abdul , Khokhar Aamna , Mumal Sidra , Bashir Adnan , Akram Eisha , Lodhi Sadia
Published: November 2022

Aim: To assess the effect of Omeprazole at neuromuscular junction with and without Pancuronium. Study design: Experimental randomized control study. Place and duration of study: Department of Pharmacology, Islamic International Medical College, Rawalpindi from October 2018 to September 2019 Methods: In this experimental study both a student’s oscillograph and a cumulative dosage response curve were used to record the frog's rectus abdominis muscle contracting in response to acetylcholine (control group). Three groups' responses to omeprazole, both before and after adding pancuronium, were noted. The student's t test was used to conduct statistical analysis of variance (ANOVA) between the groups, and a p-value of 0.05 or below was regarded as statistically significant. Results: By blocking the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, omeprazole in a dose of 3.5 M concentration altered the curve to the right with a mean deviation of 23.7% (SEM ± 20.5). In the presence of 1 g of pancuronium, omeprazole likewise caused a shift of the curve to the right with a mean deviation of 37 percent (SEM ±10.5). The change demonstrated the agonistic impact of omeprazole on NMJ blockers like pancuronium at this concentration and was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Omeprazole in 3.5µM strength inhibits the effects of Acetylcholine at neuromuscular junction, however, it potentiates the effects of neuromuscular blockers like Pancuronium at same strength. Keywords: Acetylcholine, Neuromuscular Junction, Pancuronium, Omeprazole.
Role of Corneal Collagen Cross Linking in Halting the Progression of Keratoconus: A Contralateral Eye Study
Authors: Baig Taiba , Khan Tahira Afzal
Published: November 2022

Objective: To assess the efficacy of Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking in preventing the progression of Keratoconus by comparing changes in Maximum Simulated Keratometry (K-max) in treated and untreated eye of the same patient. Methodology: All the cases, that met the inclusion/exclusion criteria (with complete pre-operative examinations), were enrolled in the study. Patients gave informed permission. In each patient, a computerized random number table was used to pick one eye for treatment and the other as a control. Patients were told to stop wearing hard contact lenses 3 weeks before the treatment and soft lenses 1 week before. After pre-op assessment, the selected eye underwent CXL. To control bias, only one experienced surgeon carried out the procedure and a thorough examination was done at 1st post-op day, 01 week, 01, 03 and 4 months after CXL. Main outcome measure during follow up was K-max as measured by Corneal Topography using Galilei G4. One experienced person performed corneal topography for all eyes to control bias. Results: In our study, mean age was 20.55+6.27 years, 60.61%(n=20) were male while 39.39%(n=13) were females. Comparison of the efficacy of corneal collagen cross-linking in preventing the progression of keratoconus by comparing changes in maximum simulated keratometry (K-max) in treated and untreated eyes of the same patient shows that 96.97%(n=32) in CXL and 3.03%(n=1) in control group showed efficacy whereas remaining 3.03%(n=1) in CXL and 96.97%(n=32) in control group had no efficacy, p value was 0.000. Conclusion: We concluded that Corneal Collagen Cross Linking is significantly effective in preventing increase in K-max when compared with the control group. Keywords: Keratoconus, Maximum Simulated Keratometry, Corneal Collagen Cross-Linking, Efficacy
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Among Covid-19 Health Care Workers A Quantitative Study on the Covid 19 Health Care Workers of Sindh Infectious Disease Hospital Karachi Pakistan
Authors: Nukrich Rizwana Salik , Rehman Haseeb U , Afshan Saba , Ahmed Muhammad Azhar , Jan Khair
Published: November 2022

Background: As per the World Health Organization (WHO), the coronavirus diagnosis 2019 (COVID-19) increase in the prevalence has turned into a pandemic, to date world has witnessed 5 waves of COVID- and it has now infected over 200 countries / regions, resulting in over 7.5 million infections and 4,19,568 fatalities worldwide Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices among COVID-19 Health care workers of COVID-19. Methodology: This was cross sectional studyand carried at Sindh Infectious Disease Hospital and Research Centre (SIDH & RC), a specialized COVID-19 hospital. Data will be collected through questionnaires and the respondents will be healthcare workers (doctors/medical practitioners and nurses) dealing with COVID 19 patients. Data was analysed by the SPSS version: 21. Result: In total, there are 111 participants; 56.8% of them are male COVID-19 health care workers Most of the Healthcare worker age range was 21-30 years. The received responses from 3 persons aged 51 and older, which represented 2.7% of the total population. The knowledge attitude and practices among the COVID-19 health care workers and all of them found that Awareness of COVID-19 among medical professionals is high. As people age, they get a more mature perspective on COVID19 infection, which in turn leads to more responsible behavior. Conclusion:89% of the healthcare professionals who were evaluated have the necessary understanding of COVID-19. On the basis of the findings of this research, future efforts to increase awareness and educate people can more effectively target specific knowledge and practice gaps.
Surgical Outcomes of Third Ventriculostomy in Patients of Obstructive Hydrocephalus
Authors: Ali Sohaib , Ullah Tauseef , Afridi Muhammad Ibrahim , Shah Tabraiz Wali , Rehman Shafiq Ur , Rahman Hanif Ur , Khan Idris , Khan Muhammad Taimur , Sayyed Ehsan
Published: November 2022

Introduction: Hydrocephalus is the accumulation of excess cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the ventricular system of the brain. Objectives: The main objective of this study is to find the surgical outcomes of third ventriculostomy in patients of obstructive hydrocephalus. Material and methods: The data was collected through non-probability consecutive sampling technique. There were 60 patients which were included in the study. A flexible endoscopic telecamera and a Bugbee electrocautery wire and monitor were used for the procedure. The main causes of hydrocephalus have been identified. history of meningitis, ventriculitis, or illness prior to the development of hydrocephalus; x-rays indicating separation or septa within the ventricles; or postoperative residue of hemosiderin or the presence of yellowish deposits were all taken into consideration of post infectious hydrocephalus. Results: There were 49 male and 11 female patients. The mean age of the patients was 39.38 ± 11.2 years. 27 (45%) patients had hydrocephalus due to tumors, 21 (35%) patients had aqueductal stenosis while 12 (20%) patients had benign cysts. Intraoperative bleeding occurred in 24 patients. ETV was successful in 54/60 – 90percent of the patients. A CSF leak was recognised in 09 patients. 07 patient developed a transient gaze palsy which had resolved when he came for his follow up visit on 10th post operative day. Practical implication: Use effective method for treatment of hydrocephalus in hospitals Conclusion: It is concluded that endoscopic third ventriculostomy, in general, is a very effective method of treatment for hydrocephalus. Keywords: Obstructive Hydrocephalus, ETV, Outcome, CSF, Brain, Ventricular
Prevalence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Kidney Donors at Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Center (PKLI&RC) Lahore
Authors: Ijaz Ahmar , Manzoor Adil , Shan Falak , Ahmad Husham , Andleeb Irsa , Bilal Basit Muhammad
Published: November 2022

As the incidence of having a fatty liver on ultrasound is increasing in the east due to the unhealthy dietary habits resulting due to the influence of west, it is important to diagnose people who are willing to become kidney donors. The future risk of diabetes and developing the metabolic syndrome is not uncommon in this population who will be already devoid of one kidney. The increase in morbidity and mortality in such population due to cardiovascular causes can’t be ignored. This retrospective observational study having a sample size of 200 was conducted at a specialized center in Pakistan. Patients having NAFLD due to any other causes such as hepatitis, alcoholism or any drug were excluded. Data was collected after the approval of the research and ethical board. All the data was entered into SPSS version 22 and analyzed. P value of <0.05 was taken as significant. Results revealed 55% male population and participants had an average age of 36.8±10.1 years, BMI 26.4±4.3 kg/m2, HbA1c 5.33±0.34, uric acid 5.1±1.4 mg/dl, triglyceride 138±80 mg/dl. The prevalence of NAFLD was 30%. A significant association was found out between presence of NAFLD and age, BMI and triglyceride levels with a p-values 0.011, 0.001 and 0.002 respectively. This data was compared with similar studies and comparable results were observed. Keywords: kidney donors, NAFLD, diabetes