bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Type 1 diabetes self-management: developing a web-based telemedicine application
Authors: Ayatollahi Haleh , Hasannezhad Mostafa , Fard Hedieh Saneei , Haghighi Mehran Kamkar
Published: May 2016

Background:

Self-management skills are essential for patients with diabetes mellitus to minimise the risks of complications from their condition. The aim of this research was to develop a web-based application for self-management of type 1 diabetes, suitable for use by patients, their carers and physicians.

Method:

The study was comprised of two phases, the first being analysis of the kind of information and capabilities required by potential users of the system. Based on the results derived from the first phase of the study, the system prototype was designed and then evaluated using the ‘think aloud’ method and a standard questionnaire. The application was designed for use by patients, their carers and physicians. Patients could enter the level of blood glucose, insulin and activities on a daily basis, and physicians were able to supervise a patient’s health status from a distance.

Results:

Users were generally satisfied with the final version of the system. People with a wide range of literacy skills were able to use the system effectively.

Conclusion:

Patients or their carers could use the web-based application as a log book by entering the level of blood glucose and insulin doses on a regular basis, and as an educational resource to improve self-management skills. Physicians could use the system at any time convenient to them to support patients by giving medical advice. Further research is needed to report the effectiveness of the system in practice.
A chronic encapsulated intracerebral hematoma mimicking a brain tumor: Findings on arterial spin labeling of MRI
Authors: Kamide Tomoya , Seki Shunsuke , Suzuki Kei-ichiro , Aoki Takae , Hirano Ken-ichi , Takahashi Mitsuyuki , Nomura Motohiro
Published: May 2016

Background

Intracerebral hematoma usually resolves spontaneously. Chronic encapsulated intracerebral hematoma is rare and mimics a brain tumor.

Case description

A 50-year-old man had developed intracerebral hematoma in the right temporal lobe. Computed tomography (CT) showed the gradually decreasing density of the hematoma. However, the hematoma did not decrease in size and it showed ring enhancement on contrast-enhanced CT for more than 1 year. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a lesion content showing a high intensity on both T1- and T2-weighted images with ring enhancement. The lesion was diagnosed as a chronic encapsulated intracerebral hematoma developing from an acute hematoma. Arterial spin labeling of MRI showed decreased blood perfusion even in the enhanced capsule, being different from findings of a cystic brain tumor.

Conclusion

Arterial spin labeling might be a useful modality to distinguish a chronic encapsulated intracerebral hematoma from a cystic hypervascular brain tumor.
Incidental optochiasmatic cavernoma: Case report of an unusual finding on 3 Tesla MRI
Authors: Trentadue Mirko , Pozzi Mucelli Roberto , Piovan Enrico , Pizzini Francesca Benedetta
Published: May 2016

Cavernoma is a vascular hamartoma, which represents 10–20% of all central nervous system vascular malformations. The majority (80%) of them are supratentorial, while involvement of the cranial nerves and the optic pathways is extremely rare. The main clinical presentation of optochiasmatic cavernomas consists of chiasmatic apoplexy, which is a neurosurgical emergency. Here, we report a case in which the finding was incidentally detected in a 49-year-old man. We describe the imaging characteristics of the lesion in such a rare location, highlighting the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (specifically 3 Tesla) in the management of asymptomatic patients.
Multiple dichotomies of the Anthropocene
Authors: Autin Whitney J
Published: May 2016

Anthropocene has developed a varied set of connotations among scientific and non-scientific advocates. As a result, multiple dichotomies of the Anthropocene exist within various scholarly disciplines. The Anthropocene allows people to reinforce and perpetuate preferred views about the implications of human interaction with the Earth System as our management of the environment is called into question. Scientific dichotomies arise from opinions about the need for formal or informal definition and the recognition of a modern versus historical onset of the Anthropocene. Philosophical dichotomies center around good versus dystopian outcomes of Anthropocene and whether or not humanity is part of what historically has been called nature. Political dichotomies insert Anthropocene into classic conservative versus liberal arguments. Artistic dichotomies tend to evaluate the effects of technology on modernism by embracing a nostalgia for the past or projecting an apocalyptic future. Multiple dichotomies drive conversation towards confusion as individuals argue preferred versions of an Anthropocene concept. Philosophical and political perspectives are affecting scientific views of proposed geological time markers for the start of the Anthropocene as conceptual ideologies appear to compete with tangible stratigraphic attributes. Formal definition of the Anthropocene has potential to inhibit popular usage and further confuse an already confused media.

Informal stratigraphic usage by scientists and an open-ended view among non-scientific proponents may be the best approach to formulate a robust Anthropocene message. Both humanity and the Earth System benefit from a dynamic tag line that enhances environmental awareness and provides opportunity to modify our habits of resource overuse and ecosystem neglect. Concepts and imagery offered in the form of modern literature and art have the greatest prospect of affecting popular culture perspectives of the Anthropocene’s role in environmental debate.
Honoring God through scientific research: Navigating the ethics of publishing with our students
Authors: Kendall Dana L , Campanario Scott C
Published: May 2016

Scientists dedicate their careers to the quest of learning about the world through the collection and reporting of empirical data. Subsequently, practitioners apply this information in a variety of settings to positively impact society at large. However, there is a growing consensus that the current system for publishing and disseminating research findings has a negative impact on the trustworthiness of the extant body of scientific knowledge. Using a theological framework to undergird the discussion, we address current issues of scientific integrity as they pertain to the training of future researchers in the context of the faculty/graduate student mentorship. Moreover, we propose strategies for those who wish to honor God in their scientific professions by reporting their work honestly, and how they may prepare their students for the ethical challenges inherent in the existing publishing system.
Temporary Single Ventricle Palliation for Severe Diastolic Dysfunction in a Biventricular Heart
Authors: Prabhu Sudesh , Karl Tom , Morwood Jim , Alphonso Nelson
Published: May 2016

We describe a neonate with severe left ventricular (LV) dysfunction manifesting soon after birth, who required extracorporeal life support (ECLS). Multiple attempts at separation from ECLS resulted in high left atrial pressures and hemorrhagic pulmonary edema. The inability to separate from ECLS after ten days prompted an unconventional treatment strategy. We performed a modified Norwood operation for LV rehabilitation on day 10 of ECLS. This was followed by successful separation from ECLS. Left ventricular function recovered, and the child underwent conversion to a biventricular circulation on 128 days post-Norwood.
Origin of a Musculoskeletal Guideline
Authors: Delloiacono Nancy
Published: May 2016

Today’s employers are hiring a more age-diverse workforce. As Americans work longer, age-related changes often create activity limitations. Musculoskeletal disorders affect many older workers heightening their risk of workplace injury. Compounded by multiple comorbidities, older workers will need occupational health nurses with expert knowledge to maintain safe and productive workplaces. Older workers do not experience as many injuries as younger workers, but when they are injured, recovery is longer. The author developed and conducted a survey of New Jersey occupational health nurses. The results showed that overexertion injuries are the most frequently treated injuries in employee health offices. For occupational health nurses to keep employees safe, best practices must be delineated; this musculoskeletal safety guideline provides recommendations for evidence-based care of older workers.
Managing Workforce Crisis: A Case from Hotel Waterlily
Authors: Upadhyay Deepika , Shyam Hari Shankar , Chaturvedi Mukesh
Published: May 2016

Hotel Waterlily is listed among one of the most popular and upcoming hotels of Indore. It is a subsidiary of Sajdhaj Marriage Decorator, an event management company that specializes in wedding planning and management. Manoj Yadav is the promoter of the group. The hotel has a decent reputation in the market. The group intends to develop Hotel Waterlily as a five star property. The third and fourth financial quarters are considered to be the most business friendly quarters of the year for the hotel industry, as it garners maximum business during this period. During the last month of second financial quarter, 18 employees did not report to the hotel for work, which included 4 from Food and Beverages (F&B) production department, 12 from F&B service department and 1 each from housekeeping and store department. After initial inquiry, it was found that they all had resigned in mass. They had procured an offer letter from an emerging hotel of the city. All of them were quite seasoned employees of the hotel. They started blackmailing the management for their salary upgradation. They demanded for 25 per cent hike in their gross salary. The management tried very hard to reconcile with the contending employees amicably but these employees were not ready to accept and concur on the terms offered by the management.
Marketing of Food Brand Globally: A Case of Vimal Agro Private Limited
Authors: Parmar Jitesh
Published: May 2016

Companies that wish to operate internationally need to understand different cultures. Successful brands, like McDonalds, are easily recognized all over the world. While many products of successful global brands are marketed in a consistent manner, there is a need for these companies to understand regional differences. Organizations must accept these differences to succeed in different parts of the world. The present case concerns Vimal Agro Private Limited, Bardoli (India), a food processing company, with a special focus on brand Swad. Promotional activities conducted by the company at local and international levels have been studied. The secondary as well as primary data has been used for the purpose. The case poses questions on the company’s survival in different countries.
Book Review: Paul Wallace (ed.), India’s 2014 Elections: A Modi-led BJP Sweep
Authors: Gupta Pranav
Published: May 2016

Paul Wallace (ed.), India’s 2014 Elections: A Modi-led BJP Sweep. New Delhi: SAGE Publications. 2015. 451 pages. ₹1,250.
Development and Cultural Distortion: Assessing the Impacts of Development Programmes and Policies on Medicinal Practice of Baiga Community of Chhattisgarh
Authors: Abdul Azeez E.P.  , Sebastian Ajeesh
Published: May 2016

Tribal population is known for its rich culture. Over the past few decades, the developmental approach towards the tribes has been influencing their culture in such a way that these tribes are losing their rich cultural elements. Many of the policies and acts have taken them to the process of homogenization, thereby resulting in the loss of the knowledge systems that prevailed, and were practiced, among this population. Here, the researchers try to bring about the case of Baiga community in Chhattisgarh and the reason as to how their medicinal practices—the benchmark of this tribe—changed due to the policies and acts such as The Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006, Development-induced Displacement and other centre and state provisions. The researchers have adopted case study method. The cases were 10 Baiga villages in Bilaspur that are displaced and resettled from the present Achanakmar Wildlife Sanctuary area. Semi-structured interview schedule, focused group discussion and observation are used to collect the information. The study indicates that medicinal practices are almost getting lost from the community. The transformation of the knowledge system has not effectively occurred. The lifestyle outside the forest habitat with the general population is influenced by the policies and provisions of the central and state governments. It is visible in the form of changing dependency from their medicinal system to government-sponsored or private-sponsored health care services, dependency on the food provisions under below poverty line (BPL) scheme rather than the self-reliance they had.
Phule and Gandhi on Education: A Comparative Analysis of Their Social Ideologies
Authors: Pandey Renu
Published: May 2016

India, along with its civilizational heritage, also has a lot of social problems such as caste and gender discriminations. Various movements, both religious and social (like Buddhism, Jainism or Bhakti), tried to eradicate these in ancient and medieval India, but they continued to exist even in colonial India. However, it was only during the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries that sustained efforts were made to address these issues against the backdrop of colonial modernity and the national narrative. Jyotirao Phule and Gandhi were two of those who tried to deconstruct and analyze caste and gender discriminations. They had their visions of a free, egalitarian Indian society. Although both agreed on the need of transforming society, yet there were divergences in their approaches towards these issues. While Phule concentrated his efforts on the betterment of status of women in Maharashtra only, Gandhi visualized women from a national perspective.

Modernity, urbanization and education are thought to be the instruments that would cut across both social and gender barriers and usher in an egalitarian society. However, Jyotirao Phule and M.K. Gandhi thought differently about the role of education and level of empowerment of women in the society. The article aims to bring out several such convergences and divergences in the philosophies of these leaders and tries to situate them in the historical and social contexts. This article will also discuss the efforts of the two reformers in ameliorating the conditions of women.
Understanding ‘dalit chetna’ in Adwaita Mallabarman’s Titash Ekti Nadir Naam, A River Called Titash
Authors: Bargi Drishadwati
Published: May 2016

In the following article, I have attempted to foreground the anti-caste or dalit consciousness of the novel Titash Ekti Nadir Naam by Adwaita Mallabarman. It is done in order to resist those readings or adaptations or interpretations of the text that have overlooked its radical content. I have looked at three aspects of the novel: the use of the folk, the question of emotionality and the relationship between spatiality and dalit identity formation. The article also delineates the kind of subject that emerges with the denouement of the novel. It is an interventionist reading of sorts that seeks to place the novel and the author in their socio-historical context. However, the essay does not engage in an anachronistic dalit critic and faults the text for the ‘absence’ of certain tropes or aesthetics that are considered to be typical of dalit writing.
Development and Assessment of Modules to Integrate Quantitative Skills in Introductory Biology Courses
Authors: Hoffman Kathleen , Leupen Sarah , Dowell Kathy , Kephart Kerrie , Leips Jeff
Published: May 2016

Redesigning undergraduate biology courses to integrate quantitative reasoning and skill development is critical to prepare students for careers in modern medicine and scientific research. In this paper, we report on the development, implementation, and assessment of stand-alone modules that integrate quantitative reasoning into introductory biology courses. Modules are designed to improve skills in quantitative numeracy, interpreting data sets using visual tools, and making inferences about biological phenomena using mathematical/statistical models. We also examine demographic/background data that predict student improvement in these skills through exposure to these modules. We carried out pre/postassessment tests across four semesters and used student interviews in one semester to examine how students at different levels approached quantitative problems. We found that students improved in all skills in most semesters, although there was variation in the degree of improvement among skills from semester to semester. One demographic variable, transfer status, stood out as a major predictor of the degree to which students improved (transfer students achieved much lower gains every semester, despite the fact that pretest scores in each focus area were similar between transfer and nontransfer students). We propose that increased exposure to quantitative skill development in biology courses is effective at building competency in quantitative reasoning.
Impact of childhood trauma on risk of relapse requiring psychiatric hospital admission for psychosis
Authors: Petros N. , Foglia E. , Klamerus E. , Beards S. , Murray R. M. , Bhattacharyya S.
Published: May 2016

Relapse in psychosis typically necessitates admission to hospital placing a significant financial burden on the health service. Exposure to childhood trauma is associated with an increased risk of psychosis, however, the extent to which this influences relapse is unclear. This report summarises current research investigating the influence of childhood trauma on relapse requiring psychiatric hospital admission for psychosis. Seven studies were included; two revealed a positive association between childhood trauma and relapse admission, two studies found a negative relationship and three found no significant difference. Inconsistent current evidence suggests a need for further research in this area.
Spatial resolving power and spectral sensitivity of the saltwater crocodile, Crocodylus porosus, and the freshwater crocodile, Crocodylus johnstoni
Authors: Nagloo Nicolas , Collin Shaun P. , Hemmi Jan M. , Hart Nathan S.
Published: May 2016

Crocodilians are apex amphibious predators that occupy a range of tropical habitats. In this study, we examined whether their semi-aquatic lifestyle and ambush hunting mode are reflected in specific adaptations in the peripheral visual system. Design-based stereology and microspectrophotometry were used to assess spatial resolving power and spectral sensitivity of saltwater (Crocodylus porosus) and freshwater crocodiles (Crocodylus johnstoni). Both species possess a foveal streak that spans the naso-temporal axis and mediates high spatial acuity across the central visual field. The saltwater crocodile and freshwater crocodile have a peak spatial resolving power of 8.8 and 8.0 cycles deg−1, respectively. Measurement of the outer segment dimensions and spectral absorbance revealed five distinct photoreceptor types consisting of three single cones, one twin cone and a rod. The three single cones (saltwater/freshwater crocodile) are violet (424/426 nm λmax), green (502/510 nm λmax) and red (546/554 nm λmax) sensitive, indicating the potential for trichromatic colour vision. The visual pigments of both members of the twin cones have the same λmax as the red-sensitive single cone and the rod has a λmax at 503/510 nm (saltwater/freshwater). The λmax values of all types of visual pigment occur at longer wavelengths in the freshwater crocodile compared with the saltwater crocodile. Given that there is a greater abundance of long wavelength light in freshwater compared with a saltwater environment, the photoreceptors would be more effective at detecting light in their respective habitats. This suggests that the visual systems of both species are adapted to the photic conditions of their respective ecological niche.
The Masking of the Decline in Manufacturing Employment by the Housing Bubble
Authors: Charles Kerwin Kofi , Hurst Erik , Notowidigdo Matthew J.
Published: May 2016

The employment-to-population ratio among prime-aged adults aged 25–54 has fallen substantially since 2000. The explanations proposed for the decline in the employment-to-population ratio have been of two broad types. One set of explanations emphasizes cyclical factors associated with the recession; the second set of explanations focuses on the role of longer-run structural factors. In this paper, we argue that while the decline in manufacturing and the consequent reduction in demand for less-educated workers put downward pressure on their employment rates in the pre-recession 2000–2006 period, the increased demand for less-educated workers because of the housing boom was simultaneously pushing their employment rates upwards. For a few years, the housing boom served to “mask” the labor market effects of manufacturing decline for less-educated workers. When the housing market collapsed in 2007, there was a large, immediate decline in employment among these workers, who faced not only the sudden disappearance of jobs related to the housing boom, but also the fact that manufacturing's steady decline during the early 2000s left them with many fewer opportunities in that sector than had existed at the start of the decade.
Consumption Inequality
Authors: Attanasio Orazio P. , Pistaferri Luigi
Published: May 2016

In this essay, we discuss the importance of consumption inequality in the debate concerning the measurement of disparities in economic well-being. We summarize the advantages and disadvantages of using consumption as opposed to income for measuring trends in economic well-being. We critically evaluate the available evidence on these trends, and in particular discuss how the literature has evolved in its assessment of whether consumption inequality has grown as much as or less than income inequality. We provide some novel evidence on three relatively unexplored themes: inequality in different spending components, inequality in leisure time, and intergenerational consumption mobility.
Health Insurance and Income Inequality
Authors: Kaestner Robert , Lubotsky Darren
Published: May 2016

Health insurance and other in-kind forms of compensation and government benefits are typically not included in measures of income and analyses of inequality. This omission is important. Given the large and growing cost of health care in the United States and the presence of large government health insurance programs such as Medicaid and Medicare, it is crucial to understand how health insurance and related public policies contribute to measured economic well-being and inequality. Our paper assesses the effect on inequality of the primary government programs that affect health insurance.
Family Inequality: Diverging Patterns in Marriage, Cohabitation, and Childbearing
Authors: Lundberg Shelly , Pollak Robert A. , Stearns Jenna
Published: May 2016

Popular discussions of changes in American families over the past 60 years have revolved around the “retreat from marriage.” Concern has focused on increasing levels of nonmarital childbearing, as well as falling marriage rates that stem from both increases in the age at first marriage and greater marital instability. Often lost in these discussions is the fact that the decline of marriage has coincided with a rise in cohabitation. Many “single” Americans now live with a domestic partner and a substantial fraction of “single” mothers are cohabiting, often with the child's father. The share of women who have ever cohabited has nearly doubled over the past 25 years, and the majority of nonmarital births now occur to cohabiting rather than to unpartnered mothers at all levels of education. The emergence of cohabitation as an alternative to marriage has been a key feature of the post–World War II transformation of the American family. These changes in the patterns and trajectories of family structure have a strong socioeconomic gradient. The important divide is between college graduates and others: individuals who have attended college but do not have a four-year degree have family patterns and trajectories that are very similar to those of high school graduates.
Nomenclatural notes on species of Macradenia (Orchidaceae) described by João Barbosa Rodrigues
Authors: Koch Ana Kelly , Ilkiu-Borges Anna Luiza , de Barros Fábio
Published: May 2016

During the taxonomic revision of the genus Macradenia, we observed that a review was needed concerning four names, M. delicatula,M. paraensis, M. regnellii, and M. rubescens, published by the Brazilian botanist João Barbosa Rodrigues. Original illustrations are designated as lectotypes for M. paraensis, Trichopilia multiflora (a synonym of M. paraensis) and M. rubescens. Macradenia rubescens is treated as a synonym of M. surinamensis, the latter lectotypified here using a Wullschlaegel specimen from GOET. A Warming specimen at W is designated as the lectotype of Warmingia eugenii, and W. loefgrenii and M. regnellii, two synonymys of W. eugenii, are lectotypified from specimens at BR and P, respectively. No original material is known for M. delicatula, and, as a result, the precise application of this name is uncertain.
Report of the General Committee: 13
Authors: Wilson Karen L.
Published: May 2016

Revised procedures for the General Committee and the Permanent Nomenclatural Committees for particular groups are reported. Decisions are reported on: (1) two overlooked proposals from before the Melbourne Congress, one to conserve a name and the other to suppress a work; (2) thirty proposals to conserve and reject names recommended for acceptance in the Nomenclature Committee for Vascular Plants Report 64 and thirteen such proposals recommended for rejection in that Committee Report; (3) two conservation proposals for which the NCVP could not make a firm recommendation; (4) one recommendation from the NCVP to suppress a work; and (5) five recommendations from the NCVP on requests for binding decisions, four under Art. 38.4 (adequate description) and one under Art. 53.5 (parahomonymy).
The world’s smallest Campanulaceae: Lysipomia mitsyae sp. nov.
Authors: Sylvester Steven P. , Quandt Dietmar , Ammann Lolita , Kessler Michael
Published: May 2016

Botanists and plant morphologists have long been fascinated by how certain species can exhibit such reduced morphologies that even their identification to genus‐ or family‐level becomes difficult. Such was the case with Lysipomia mitsyae sp. nov., an exceptionally small plant discovered in the Peruvian Andes which bears lobelioid characteristics but differs in size by an order of magnitude from the current smallest members known from the entire Campanulaceae and lacks diagnostic characters allowing it to be reliably placed to genus‐level. Molecular analyses of trnL‐F, composed of a representative Lobelioideae sampling, place the samples within the genus Lysipomia, requiring that amendments be made to the description of the genus. Supplementary ITS analyses of a representative generic sampling indicate a close relationship to Lysipomia sphagnophila and L. multiflora. We here describe the world’s smallest Campanulaceae, Lysipomia mitsyae sp. nov., and discuss its phylogenetic and systematic relationships to the other members of the genus. Its highly reduced morphology, which has given it status as the smallest Campanulaceae and, quite possibly, the world’s smallest eudicot, is discussed in the light of current knowledge on the physiological and anatomical constraints on alpine plant growth and survival.
IMPROVEMENT OF DETAILS CONNECTION ASSEMBLY TECHNOLOGY WITH INTERFERENCE
Authors: Коновалов  , Konovalov Vladimir , Симанин  , Simanin Nikolay , Петрова  , Petrova Svetlana
Published: May 2016

The purpose of the study is to increase the strength of the collected compounds and to expand the technological accuracy of the method of Assembly with an interference fit. Fixed press-fit connection with interference are widely used in machine building, when the transfer of substantial axial forces are required, torques or combined loads from their joint action. Resistance to mutual misalignment of the parts in these compounds is created and supported by the forces of elastic deformation on the mating surface of the covered part (shaft) and stretching on the mating surfaces of the covering parts (holes) is proportional to the magnitude of the preload in the connection. In such compounds, the diameter of the shaft before Assembly is always larger than the diameter of the hole. In the article the analysis of the known different ways of joining parts with interference fit, including hydraulic presses. The second problem is solved due to the fact that the connection details with tightness is carried out by pressing the press stroke from one detail to another, and the breakdown of the compounds obtained by the relative longitudinal movement of parts, in which the breakdown is carried out periodically in the process of pushing through the transfer of force from the press stroke to pressed items to the elastic connection. The force on the press stroke is created by a hydraulic cylinder with large displacement, a resilient connection between the slider and pressed item performs in the cylinder, the fluid pressure and volume which can be adjusted by changing the stiffness and capacity of the drive RAM, as well as the magnitude of its longitudinal movement during the disruption. The scheme of Assembly of the connection de-hoist with tension. Original technical solution for press fit connection parts extends the technological possibilities of the equipment, increases the strength of the collected compounds and can be used in machine building, particularly in mechanical Assembly processes and, in particular, in the repair and production of agricultural machinery.
CULTIVAR STUDY AND APRICOT SELECTION IN THE ENVIRONMENT OF MIDDLE VOLGA AREA FOREST-STEPPE
Authors: Нечаева  , Nechaeva Elena , Мельникова  , Melnikova Natalya
Published: May 2016

The purpose of research is the creation of apricot fruit varieties able sustainably fructify in the environment of forest-steppe of the Middle Volga Area. Experimental studies were carried out on the Cultivar Collector of Samara Research Institute of Horticulture and Medicinal Plants «Zhiguli Gardens» from 1985 to 2010. Since 2011up to present the work has been performed in a Samara State Agricultural Academy on the basis of horticultural farm Ltd. «Kutuluk» Bogatovskiy district. The objects of research were different varieties of apricot eco-geografic groups of selected forms of national selection and varieties bred in Samara Research Institute «Zhiguli gardens». The study, selection and transfer of hybrid seedlings to the state variety-testing were performed, under the methodology of selection and program of Cultivar study of fruit, berry and nut crops. As a result of long years of breeding under interkind hybridization in Samara Region 9 apricot varieties have been developed and transmitted to state variety-testing , 4 of which have been included into the State Register of the Russian Federation. In a period of organic resting the varieties are able without significant damage of the wood resist severe winters with a minimum temperatures at –39… –40°C. Favorable microzones for apricot cultivating have been identified, the yield, diseases resistance and technological qualities of fruit studied. As a result of 16 years of observations the apricot hasn’t fructified for 6 years. Because of the flower buds frozen in severe winters there was no yield 3 times, 3 times the harvest perished as a result of freezing of flower buds from frost occurred after long thaws. Variety differences of resistance to moniliosis shock were revealed. Such a resistance out of Samara region fruit the sort of Samara apricots has got. Samara apricots are smaller in size than any southern ones, but the biochemical composition and fruit taste compete to the latter.
MINIMIZING SOIL CULTIVATION INFLUENCE FOR FERTILITY STATUS OF HEAVY LOAMY SOILS IN SPRING AND WINTER WHEAT SEEDING
Authors: Мельникова  , Melnikova Natalya , Нечаева  , Nechaeva Elena , Редин  , Redin Dmitriy
Published: May 2016

The purpose is to justify the use of minimum and zero tillage in conditions of forest-steppe Zavolzhye region from the position of the biological activity of the soil. One of the factors forming and determining the fertility of the soil, is the activity of microorganisms that inhabit it, the active surface which reaches up to several hundred acres for 1 ha of surface topsoil. Important role in building of soil fertility is the number of major groups of microorganisms, which, being the catalysts of metabolism, objectively reflect the nature of biochemical processes. Another academician S. P. Kostychev (1937) pointed out that without the study of biodynamics the knowledge of the soil, especially from the agronomic point of view, may not be complete. Microorganisms occupy a key position in maintaining biochemical capacity of the soil, so monitoring of soil microflora is essential for the maintenance and reproduction of its fertility. This work is devoted to studying the role of soil microorganisms in the process of maintaining and reproduction of soil fertility in the development of new technologies in agriculture. The article presents data on the effect of basic tillage on the number of different groups of soil microorganisms (micromycetes, bacteria, actinomycetes), Shows the number of soil microorganisms, such as micromycetes (mold fungi) and bacteria are significantly influenced by seasonal changes in temperature and humidity than the soil treatment methods. From which it follows that the reduction of the mechanical load on the soil in the forest-steppe of Zavolzhye a significant impact on the number of major groups of microorganisms has not.
THE OILSEED FLAX VARIETIES ENVIRONMENTAL TESTING OF RUSSIAN SELECTION IN KOSTANAI AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE
Authors: Васин  , Vasin Vasiliy , Тулькубаева  , Tulkubaeva Saniya , Абуова  , Abuova Altynay
Published: May 2016

The purpose of researches is isolation and selection of source material of flax and the best typical alife plants unable to further their involvement in the selection process. Linen oilseed is a valuable crops that are widely used in the industry. From it the oil and cheap vegetable protein for animal husbandry are made. Linseed contains up to 48% oil, which is used in the form of food and industrial raw materials for number of industries. Introduction of new varieties of flax, combining high productivity and drought resistance, is the main means of improving this crop yields. In the experiment on ecological strain testing it was studied 10 varieties of oil flax selection by All-Russia Research Institute of Oil Crops and Siberian Experimental Station of All-Russia Research Institute of Oil Crops. Standard is variety of Kustanaiskii yantar. The replication of experience fourfould, the method of comparison. The area of the plot – 40 m2. The seeding rate of 7 million seeds/ha. On average for the period 2009-2014 most were maturing varieties of flax Bizon, VNIIMK 620 – 76 days. The tallest are varieties Linol – 62 cm, Severnyi, Sokol – 60 cm. The optimal indexes on the structure of crop noted at sorts Severnyi (number of boxes on one plant – 45, number of seed in box – 9, mass of 1000 seed – 7.4 g) and the Legur (number of boxes on one plant – 54, number of seed in box – 8, mass of 1000 seed – 6.5 g). Highest productivity, higher standard, formed a varieties of oilseed flax Bison (yield – 16.8 c/ga, oil – 39.6%), Rucheek (yield – 14.2 c/ga, oil – 43.1%), Severnyi (yield – 14.0 c/ga, oil – 43.6%).
LINE GROWTH AND EXTERIOR FEATURES OF BLACK-MOTLEY BREED BULLS BY INTENSIVE BREEDING
Authors: Ибатова  , Ibatova Guzel , Вагапов  , Vagapov Fargat
Published: May 2016

The purpose of research is beef production efficiensy growing of Black-Motley breed by use of natural drug Nukleopeptid. The research was carried out in SEC-farm «Hero» Chegmagushevskogo district of Bashkortostan. To carry out scientific and economic experience were formed 4 groups of Black-Motley breed calves at the age of 6 months, with 10 heads each. Groups were formed on the basis of analoge groups. The animals of the experimental group II had drug Nukleopeptid subcutaneously at dose of 20 ml, test group III – 25 ml and experimental group IV – 30 ml. The bulls of Group I is control and the drug is not administered them. In setting up the experience of the measurements of animals calves experimental groups had no significant differences in performance. Measurements of all groups of calves naturally increases with age. Studies have revealed that during the period of experience in the animals of group I height at the withers increased by 20.6%, height in the sacrum – by 17.9%, length of the body – by 38.4%, the depth of the chest – 37.3%, the width of the breast – 40.2%, putting backside – 25.5% femus width by 45.9%, whereas test groups in bulls (II-IV), these figures were above 0, respectively, 9-2.0; 0.5-1.4; 1.3-1.8; 0.1-1.0; 2.1-4.5; 1.8-3.6%. Indices body had the same trend. Gobies experimental groups, this applies especially to young animals of group III were more massive with well developed chest and back of the torso. It is proved that the introduction of new drug Nukleopeptid contributes to the meat productivity.
Book Reviews
Authors: Corazzo James , Weller Saranne
Published: May 2016

Communication Design: Insights from the Creative Industries, Derek Yates and Jessie Price (2015) London: Bloomsbury, 208 pp., ISBN: 9781472531674, p/bk, £29.99

Method Meets Art: Arts-Based Research Practice, 2nd ed., Patricia Leavy (2015) New York: Guilford Press, 328 pp., ISBN: 9781462519446, h/bk, £60.00
Myth today and together
Authors: Bennett Pete , McDougall Julian
Published: May 2016

This article presents a theoretical evaluation in practice, in the form of a project whereby Barthes’ collections of Mythologies (1972) were ‘reimagined’ by academics, teachers and students from (and for) the contemporary arts and media/culture landscape. Sections of the article rework extracts from two ‘bookending’ essays in a published collection, which, in this contribution, forms one strand of a broader research project and as such is placed in discursive and pedagogic conflict with the other data generated by the research. This ‘data’ is textual, generated by two participant groups – self-identified published ‘experts’ from the field of art, media and cultural studies, and groups of ‘inexpert’ student/teacher collaboration – both working to the same ‘brief’ but in different contexts. The ‘expert’ group responded to a conventional call for chapters, accepting the invitation to contribute to an orthodox scholarly ‘reader’. The group of ‘inexperts’ used a wikispace to respond collaboratively, blurring boundaries between teacher and student, author, myth and text. Our interpretation of the textual material produced by working, writing and myth-making in these ways identifies the dominant emerging discourses articulated by the data. In assessing these themes, we ask what is a myth today, in art’s ‘problematic relationship to knowledge’, what constitutes theory and who has the authority to impose theory on art as myth? Our tentative answers to these questions go beyond a ‘reimagining’ of Barthes’ intervention to lead us to propose some implications for values and practices in learning and teaching in arts, media and culture, closing in further on a ‘pedagogy of the inexpert’.
Media watchblogs as an instrument of media accountability: An international survey
Authors: Spiller Ralf , Degen Matthias , Kronewald Elke , Guertler Katherine
Published: May 2016

Media watchdog weblogs can play an important role in media accountability, provided that the bloggers are regularly active and have an appropriate awareness of their role in the media landscape. The following article examines the presence and influence of media watchblogs in selected nations, as well as the operators’ standards and perceptions of their roles. In semi-structured qualitative interviews, operators of watchblogs in Germany, Austria, Switzerland and the United Kingdom discussed their perceptions of their role, their ethical guidelines, their financing and any conflicts of interest, and their projections for the future. The interviews reveal that most media watchbloggers do not interpret their role to be a Fifth Estate with a mandate to monitor the mass media. The watchbloggers are reluctant to accept and uphold formal ethical and quality criteria, and limitations on time and money make them unable to guarantee ongoing critical media analysis. For these reasons, media watchblogs are determined to be a weak instrument of media accountability.
What is all the talk about? A comparative analysis of linguistic strategies in the speeches of former Swedish foreign minister
Authors: Moberg Sanna
Published: May 2016

In this article, linguistic choices within the notion of political dialogue, meaning the constantly ongoing construction and discussion of political issues, are analysed in order to unmask discursive structures and strategies. This is done through a discursive analysis of public statements relating to four cases of occupational conflicts, meaning cases of conflict all of which involve aspects of military occupation – namely, Afghanistan, Georgia, Israel and Iraq. The public statements analysed in this article were made by Sweden’s former foreign minister, Carl Bildt. The basic presumption in this article is that no social relations can be seen as neutral. As a result it becomes interesting to unmask and analyse structures and strategies within the political dialogue. The theory used in this article is primarily based on research made within the fields of Peace and Conflict and Media and Communication. These fields offer suggestions on how to understand the basis for peace, conflict and communication. The methodology is built on Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and a model consisting of three steps, inspired by Fairclough. The findings suggest that Bildt, as an actor within political dialogue, constructs meaning and power through public statements. This is done by using a moderate, or in Swedish lagom, approach built on a number of different Nodal Points, as well as a rational and logical rhetoric referring to history, culture, lore, law, human values and liberalism. In addition, it has also been found that Bildt is using consistent and moderate strategies when formulating public statements and that the political dialogue relating to occupational conflicts consists of a constant fight about the construction of meaning.
Mobile news consumption and political news interest: A time budget perspective
Authors: Zhang Xiaoqun , Ha Louisa
Published: May 2016

This study explores mobile news consumption from a time budget perspective. Time constraint is a major factor influencing people’s news consumption, but it has not been examined specifically in the previous studies. Because mobile media can exploit the time gaps when other media are inappropriate or inconvenient to use, they have a unique capacity to increase the available time for news consumption. Data for the empirical analysis were collected in a random sample mail survey with 253 respondents in the Midwest United States from September to November 2012. The results indicated that mobile news users have significantly longer work time and shorter disposable time (tighter time budget) than non-users; people with tight time budget are more likely to have more mobile news applications and spend more time on mobile news than are people with loose time budget; and people who are interested in political news spend more time on mobile news than do people who are not.
Influência de telas fotoconversoras no desenvolvimento de girassol ornamental
Authors: Nascimento Ângela Maria Pereira , Reis Simone Novaes , Nery Fernanda Carlota , Curvelo Iara Cristina Santos , Taques Tainá Da Cruz , Almeida Elka Fabiana Aparecida
Published: May 2016

One of the many functions of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is related to the use of its inflorescences in the flower market, which has guaranteed space for this species in floriculture in recent years. Sunflower has been highlighted as an ornamental plant for cutting. Studies have been performed aimed at reducing the size of this species, in order to improve its commercial production, which facilitates the production in field and in protected environments. The use of color shading nets can lead to growth manipulation and to the development of this species. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of full sun and the use of color shading nets Aluminet®, blue and red (Chromatinet®), on the development of ornamental sunflower cv. Pollenless Sunflower Sunbright. The studied variables were plant height, leaf number, diameter of the floral stem, inflorescence width and dry matter of leaves, stem and inflorescences. By the anatomical analysis of the leaves, it was possible to determine stomatal density, polar (DP) and equatorial (DE) diameters, as well as the relation DP/DE of adaxial and abaxial epidermis and leaf thickness. It is concluded that the best development of ornamental sunflower plants is observed in full sun and under Aluminet®.
USO Y APROPIACIÓN DE LAS TECNOLOGÍAS DE LA INFORMACIÓN Y LA COMUNICACIÓN POR PARTE DE LOS DOCENTES EN LAS FACULTADES DE INGENIERÍA
Authors: Martinez Rodriguez Fernando , González Martínez Juan
Published: May 2016

Se presentan los resultados encontrados en la fase diagnóstica de la tesis doctoral: “Referentes pedagógicos para el uso y apropiación de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) al interior de los procesos educativos planeados y desarrollados por los docentes de educación superior”. Esta investigación se realiza en las facultades de ingeniería de tres universidades de Bogotá D.C., partiendo de la intuición de que los temas pedagógicos y didácticos en estas facultades siempre se han considerado en un segundo plano. La metodología de esta fase partió del enfoque cuantitativo mediante el diseño y la aplicación de una encuesta; el instrumento perseguía analizar el nivel de uso y apropiación de las TIC al interior de los procesos educativos que orientan los docentes de educación superior en ingeniería. El estudio permite confirmar que los docentes utilizan las TIC, pero también pone de manifiesto la necesidad imperiosa de orientar a los docentes de estas facultades en el adecuado uso de dichas tecnologías desde el punto de vista pedagógico y didáctico.Use and Appropriation of Information and Communication Technologies by Teachers in the Faculties of EngineeringThis research presents the results of the diagnostic phase of the thesis “Pedagogical References for Use and Appropriation of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) in Educational Processes Planned and Developed by Teachers in Higher Education.” This research was conducted in the engineering schools of three universities in Bogotá (Colombia), based on the intuition that pedagogic and teaching concerns in these departments have not always been faced in a good way. The methodology designed for this phase began with the quantitative approach through design and implementation of a survey: the instrument sought to analyze the level of use and appropriation of ICT into educational processes that guide engineering teachers in higher education. The study confirms that teachers do use ICT, and it also highlights the urgent need for guidance for teachers in these areas on the proper use of technologies not only from the teaching and learning points of view.Keywords: educational resources, ICT, pedagogy.