bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Attenuated Effects of Topical Empagliflozin on Imiquimod-induced Model of Psoriasis in Mice
Authors: Abbas Alaa H. , Abbas Zahraa H , Salman Hayder Ridha , Jabar Hayder E , H. Abd Abdulkareem
Published: December 2024

Empagliflozin is a sodium-glucose cotransporter inhibitor (SGLT2) that drops blood glucose levels by inhibiting glucose reabsorption and encouraging glucose excretion. Other benefits of empagliflozin include cardiovascular protection, lowering uric acid levels, and reducing liver damage brought on by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). to investigate the possible influence of two different concentrations of empagliflozin gel on psoriasis induced via imiquimod in mice. dividing 40 mice into five groups (8 mice for each group). All groups gated imiquimod to induce psoriasis (except group I) for seven days. The induction group (Group II) received imiquimod cream for seven days. The rest of the groups gated Clobetasol propionate cream 0.05%, empagliflozin 1% gel, and empagliflozin 3% gel, respectively, once daily for seven days after seven days of induction by imiquimod. The outcomes exhibited that topical empagliflozin had important anti-psoriatic activity by diminishing the Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) score and improving histological alterations during imiquimod application; moreover, it elevated anti-inflammatory biomarker IL-37 and lowered inflammatory biomarkers TNF-α and IL-17. Empagliflozin has substantial anti-psoriatic action against imiquimod-induced psoriasis through its anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects. Also, empagliflozin has a restorative effect on the histopathological alterations of mice's skin induced by imiquimod
Monitoring the Success of Hydroseeding Application Using Microbial Diversity in Some Post-Coal Mining Revegetation Areas, South Kalimantan
Authors: Fadhil Anshari Muhammad , Achmad Rinaldo Fernandes Adji , Setyo Leksono Amin , Arisoesilaningsih Endang
Published: December 2024

Successful revegetation improves the whole ecosystem's integrity, including microbe habitat. The goal of this study is to monitor the success of hydroseeding applications in some post-coal mining revegetation areas using microbial diversity. This study was conducted by sampling soils at a reference site (HS) and three revegetation areas (Kuni, AR07, AH). Kuni represents a 12-year-old monoculture replantation area while AR07 and AH are representations of hydroseeded areas with different ages, 5.5 years and 3 months old. Soil samples were then analyzed to determine N, P, K, and CEC, and extracted using the CTAB/SDS method, resulting in the total genome DNA. The genes of 16S rRNA were amplified using a specific primer, followed by product quantification and purification. Sequencing libraries were generated using the NEBNext® UltraTM DNA Library Pre Kit for Illumina. The library was sequenced on Illumina platform, and 250 bp paired-end reads were generated. The data were then analyzed using Anova, biplot, and cluster analysis. Results showed that AR07 was the most similar site to HS based on soil chemical properties and had the highest value of all alpha diversity indices. The dominant presence of Burkholderiales in AH indicated improvement in soil chemical properties. The soil microbial diversity PCA analysis revealed that the similarity between HS and AH was high. It was indicating a better success of hydroseeding at AH with shorter revegetation time as compared to the monoculture replantation site in Kuni. Hydroseeding using local pioneer species is highly recommended for postcoal mining revegetation.
Possible Role of Akt in Mossy Fiber Sprouting: Akt Activity and CA3 Mossy Fiber Sprouting in a Kainate Model of Epilepsy
Authors: Husna Machlusil , Handono Kusworini , Sujuti Hidayat , Aulanni'am Aulanni'am
Published: December 2024

The most prevalent pathological phenomenon observed in patients with epilepsy is hippocampal mossy fiber sprouting (MFS), which is thought to be associated with epileptic progression, such as worsening seizure control, cognitive function, and behavior. MFS is discovered in the dentate gyrus and the hippocampal Cornu Ammon 3 (CA3) area. The CA3 area is involved in memory, so disturbances in that area can affect memory impairment in patients with epilepsy. The mammalian target of rapamycin complex-1 (mTORC1) is also associated with MFS. Akt is an upstream activator of mTORC1 and a downstream target of mammalian target of rapamycin complex-2 (mTORC2) and plays a role in cytoskeleton organization. We analyzed Akt activity and MFS in the CA3 zone in an in vitro model of kainate-induced epilepsy. We divided organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (OHSCs) into a kainate (epilepsy) group and a control (untreated) group. On the 10th day in vitro (DIV), the kainate group was exposed to 8 µM kainic acid for 48 h, diluted in the medium. At 32 DIV, we measured Akt activity through western blotting and CA3 MFS through synaptoporin fluorescence intensity observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy. We found that Akt activity increased significantly (p = 0.000) in the kainate group, and the synaptoporin fluorescence intensity also increased in the stratum oriens of the CA3 area (p = 0.049) in the kainate group. Our findings implied that Akt may play a role in MFS development. Because Akt is a main downstream target of mTORC2, mTORC2 may also be involved in MFS development. Further research is required to clarify these findings.
Partilhando Memórias: K.: relatos de uma busca, de Bernardo Kucinski; Gólgota: caravana de la muerte, de Mauricio Toro Goya e as resistências aos estados de exceção
Authors: Sanches Luan Erick Lima
Published: December 2024

Este artículo aborda los estados de excepción y autoritarismo presentes en los gobiernos latinoamericanos, con especial foco en Chile y Brasil, tomando como base el ensayo fotográfico de Maurício Toro Goya, titulado "Gólgota, caravana de la muerte", y la novela "K.: Relatos de uma busca”, de Bernardo Kucinski. El análisis busca explorar las conexiones y permanencias en las representaciones de estos eventos. La influencia de expresiones sociales duraderas que afectaron a los autores se puede observar en las fotografías y en la novela. El objetivo es comprender cómo estas manifestaciones artísticas revelan las complejas interacciones entre los regímenes autoritarios pasados ​​y modernos en América Latina, destacando similitudes y patrones recurrentes. Al explorar estas obras, esperamos obtener una comprensión más profunda de las dinámicas políticas y sociales de la región y contribuir a un debate más amplio sobre la memoria, la historia y los desafíos que enfrentan las sociedades latinoamericanas contemporáneas.
Political ecology of pandemics in Latin America: intersectionality between their causes, the socio-biodiversity, and the current agri-food system
Authors: Ferenczy Marina von Harbach , Alietti Alfredo
Published: December 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es encontrar puntos de intersección entre la cuestión de la biodiversidad y los conocimientos tradicionales asociados; así como el sistema agroalimentario actual y la generación de pandemias y epidemias. Para ello, se esboza en primer lugar el marco teórico del artículo. Este consiste en: a) el principio ambiental de la precaución, que difiere del principio ambiental de la prevención; y b) el concepto de irresponsabilidad organizada presente en la teoría de la Sociedad del Riesgo Global de Ulrich Beck. Luego, y con el apoyo de una revisión bibliográfica especializada, se presenta la interfaz entre la destrucción de los ecosistemas terrestres y la pandemia COVID-19. En segundo lugar, se intenta comprender cómo la sociobiodiversidad (concretamente los conocimientos tradicionales asociados a la biodiversidad) se ve amenazada por el actual sistema agroalimentario y qué tienen que ver ambos con la cuestión de la pandemia. En tercer lugar, se identifican los principales aspectos -desde la perspectiva de la ecología política- relacionados y relevantes con la cuestión que nos ocupa. Al final, se desvela explícitamente la interseccionalidad de los tres elementos puestos en juego.
A connectome manipulation framework for the systematic and reproducible study of structure–function relationships through simulations
Authors: Pokorny Christoph , Awile Omar , Isbister James B. , Kurban Kerem , Wolf Matthias , Reimann Michael W.
Published: December 2024

Synaptic connectivity at the neuronal level is characterized by highly nonrandom features. Hypotheses about their role can be developed by correlating structural metrics to functional features. But, to prove causation, manipulations of connectivity would have to be studied. However, the fine-grained scale at which nonrandom trends are expressed makes this approach challenging to pursue experimentally. Simulations of neuronal networks provide an alternative route to study arbitrarily complex manipulations in morphologically and biophysically detailed models. Here, we present Connectome-Manipulator, a Python framework for rapid connectome manipulations of large-scale network models in Scalable Open Network Architecture TemplAte (SONATA) format. In addition to creating or manipulating the connectome of a model, it provides tools to fit parameters of stochastic connectivity models against existing connectomes. This enables rapid replacement of any existing connectome with equivalent connectomes at different levels of complexity, or transplantation of connectivity features from one connectome to another, for systematic study. We employed the framework in the detailed model of the rat somatosensory cortex in two exemplary use cases: transplanting interneuron connectivity trends from electron microscopy data and creating simplified connectomes of excitatory connectivity. We ran a series of network simulations and found diverse shifts in the activity of individual neuron populations causally linked to these manipulations.
‘Grotian Moments’ in the Dutch East Indies? The Reception of Hugo Grotius’s Ideas in Cornelis Van Vollenhoven’s Writings on Customary Law and Colonialism
Authors: in ’t Veld Cornelis Marinus (Marco)
Published: November 2024

In this paper it is argued that Grotius views on customary law are compatible with the concept of a ‘Grotian Moment’. However, the idea of accelerated customary international law is developed by Van Vollenhoven, who interpreted Grotius in a questionable way. Whereas Grotius qualifies as a thinker in the tradition of natural law, Van Vollenhoven should be seen as an interactionist. This is especially visible in his publications on adat law, in which he visibly belongs to a romantic, Germanist, and rather pluralist tradition of law. The idea of a Grotian Moment also fits better with this starting point than with natural law. For this reason, the ‘Grotian Moment’ should be renamed ‘Van Vollenhoven’s Moment’. It is argued that this legal theoretical position explains some of Van Vollenhoven’s rather peculiar interpretations of Grotius.
Nigrospora weininensis sp. nov., a new potent nematicidal fungus isolated from Globodera rostochiensis in Guizhou, China
Authors: LIU MINGRUI , LIU YUFENG , ZHANG XINYUE , WU YAN , WANG YONG , NORPHANPHOUN CHADA , NIZAMANI MIR MUHAMMAD , YANG MAOFA , WIJAYAWARDENE NALIN , HU JIFENG , LI KAIHUAI , YANG ZAIFU
Published: December 2024

Three Nigrospora strains were isolated from cysts of the nematode, Globodera rostochiensis in Guizhou, China. This study identified and characterized the strains through morphological traits and phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer (ITS), elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1α), and beta-tubulin (β-tubulin) loci, which confirmed that the strains belonged to a new species described as Nigrospora weininensis. Pre-experiments showed that they might have nematicidal activity. This was evaluated and the fermentation broth produced by the fungus showed mortality rates of 100% after 48 h against Aphelenchoides besseyi, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, and Ditylenchus destructor.
Taxonomic Note and Neotypification of Euonymus acutangulus Wight. (Celastraceae: Celastroideae)
Authors: MONDAL AJAY , MURUGAN C.
Published: December 2024

The correct name for the Indian endemic species currently referred to Euonymus angulatus Wight is demonstrated to be E. acutangulus Wight. A Neotype is designated for the name E. acutangulus, while E. angulatus and E. pterocladus are lectotypified in accordance with the Shenzhen Code.
Recurrent Inflammatory Reaction to Laryngeal Hyaluronic Acid Injection
Authors: Kreuser Hannah , Fletcher Kenneth C. , Davis Ruth J.
Published: November 2024

Objectives:

Vocal fold injection augmentation with hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers is a common treatment for glottic insufficiency. While generally well-tolerated, rare inflammatory reactions can occur in 3% to 5% of patients. All reported reactions resolved after corticosteroid treatment, and no cases of recurrent inflammatory reaction with airway obstruction following steroid treatment have been reported. This case report describes a unique case of recurrent inflammatory reactions following laryngeal HA injection and management with hyaluronidase injection to prevent further reactions.

Methods:

A retrospective review was conducted of this patient’s medical record.

Results:

We present the case of a 42-year-old female with left vocal fold immobility who experienced recurrent inflammatory reactions and airway symptoms following laryngeal HA injection despite corticosteroid treatment. Recurrent inflammatory reaction following corticosteroid treatment of an initial inflammatory reaction has not been reported. This patient was managed with hyaluronidase injection to dissolve residual HA, which successfully prevented further reactions.

Conclusion:

This case highlights the potential for recurrent inflammatory reactions following HA injection despite corticosteroid treatment and describes the novel role of hyaluronidase in managing such complications.
When is it Fair to Tax the Rich? The Importance of Pro-Social Behavior
Authors: Trump Kris-Stella
Published: November 2024

Politicians, activists, and the rich themselves variously describe rich people as hard workers, greedy tax avoiders, generous philanthropists, and more. Occasionally, such descriptions are wielded in attempts to legitimize or delegitimize high income taxes on the rich. However, we do not have a good understanding of which of these appeals are most successful. This article explores which attributes of the rich affect support for progressive taxation. First, I use an inductive approach to derive relevant attributes from open-ended survey responses and prior literature. Then, pre-registered experiments in the United States and Denmark show that when the rich exhibit pro-social behaviors (e.g., treating workers well, not using tax loopholes), this reduces public support for taxing them. In comparison, indicators of merit (e.g., working hard) are of secondary or even insignificant importance. I conclude that in redistributive politics, the perceived pro-social behavior of the rich is a key consideration for the public.
Impact of Winkler-Pasternak foundation parameters on the buckling behavior of composite plates reinforced with FG-CNT in a parabolic distribution
Authors: Benahmed Abdelillah , Rakrak Kaddour , SI Tayeb Tayeb , Zidour Mohamed
Published: November 2024

The incorporation of carbon nanotubes (CNT) into a polymer matrix has opened up exciting possibilities for creating Nano-composite materials with exceptional mechanical properties. In this study, the buckling behavior of a reinforced polymer plate mixed with CNTs is investigated. Various factors, such as the plate’s shape and the elastic base, are examined for their effects on behavior. The investigation is grounded in scientific rigor, drawing upon several theories that address plate behavior. Specifically, the high-order theory, which accounts for transverse shear effects and the parabolic distribution of transverse shear stresses across the plate thickness, is employed. By analyzing the critical buckling load, the interaction between different types of carbon nanotubes within the polymer matrix and the elastic medium is explored. The model’s governing equations, derived from Hamilton’s principle, allow for the prediction of the critical loads associated with axial compression buckling. Notably, it is found that the parabolic distribution, coupled with the Winkler—Pasternak elastic foundation, renders the plate less flexible compared to scenarios without an elastic foundation. This insight leads to a crucial enhancement in the critical buckling load. The significance of incorporating carbon nanotubes in polymer matrices to achieve nanocomposite materials with exceptional properties is underscored. The scientific foundation upon which this study rests provides valuable insights for designing robust and efficient structures.
The Power of Cabinet Appointments in Autocracies: Elite Cooptation and Anti-Regime Mass Uprisings
Authors: Kavasoglu Berker
Published: December 2024

Why are some autocratic regimes more prone to mass uprisings than others? This article argues that autocratic leaders can mitigate opposition mobilization by strategically appointing opposition leaders to cabinet positions. Drawing on yearly data from autocracies between 1966 and 2020, the article exploits temporal variations in the composition of cabinets and the onset of mass uprisings within autocratic regimes. The findings demonstrate that appointing opposition elites to cabinet positions significantly decreases the likelihood of anti-regime mass uprisings. The results are robust across alternative model specifications and estimation strategies addressing endogeneity concerns. By demonstrating why some autocracies with organized opposition avoid uprisings while others face repeated challenges, this study offers novel insights into how opposition cooptation stabilizes autocratic regimes.
BOOKSHELF: Kappan authors on their favorite reads
Authors: Jakopovic Paula M.
Published: December 2024

In this regular column, Kappan authors recommend books that have influenced their thinking about education. In this issue, Paula M. Jakopovic recommends Troublemakers: Lessons in Freedom from Young Children at School by Carla Shalaby. William L. Smith recommends Threshold Concepts within the Disciplines, edited by Ray Land, Jan Meyer, and Jan Smith.
The “Spirit of Revolt”: A Reappraisal of Black Veterans in Chicago’s Red Summer
Authors: Dinces Sean , Lamberti Christopher
Published: November 2024

For over a half-century, historians have maintained a consensus that Black World War I veterans played central, even leading, roles in armed self-defense during the Chicago Race Riot of 1919. Evidence adduced in support of this claim has, however, been noticeably thin. We present a spatial analysis of wartime military records that lends credibility to this consensus. We supplement this analysis with a comprehensive examination of how Black soldiers’ ubiquitous physical and symbolic presence in Chicago’s Black Belt during and after the war forced the city’s African American community to daily confront the dissonance between expectations of postwar racial rapprochement and the reality of continued racial oppression. As a result, by the time of the riot Black Chicagoans were primed to embrace an increasingly assertive ethic of armed self-defense in the face of white aggression.
Research on 3D dimensional measurement of structures based on a dual monocular structured light system
Authors: Luo Jianbo , Wu Xiaofeng , Li Yifan
Published: November 2024

In recent years, machine vision has been increasingly applied in automated monitoring of civil engineering. However, the rapid and accurate acquisition of displacement and shape changes of structures remains a challenge. In the use of structured light to measure medium and large-sized objects, there generally exist shadow and insufficient field of view problems, especially for the traditional monocular structured light measurement method. To solve these, this article discusses a dual monocular structured light measurement method, which projects two-way stripe structured light and performs three-step phase shift, also proposes a new phase-unwrapping method of structured light, and discusses a point filtering algorithm of fusion and stitching of the point cloud data. The phase-unwrapping method and the point filtering algorithm proposed, respectively, improves the measuring speed, especially for large-sized objects, and accuracy, compared with gray-coding method and traditional ICP (iterative closest point) method. This article performs three-dimensional measurements of ball work pieces, and the experimental results show that the fused and stitched data is significantly better than the single-field data, and the diameter error is <0.15mm for 35mm ball workpieces, and 0.32mm for 45mm ball workpieces. In addition, this article compares the experimental results with gray-coding method and traditional ICP method.
Disturbance characteristic information observer-based control for nonlinear systems with unknown Lipschitz constant
Authors: Wen Xinyu , Wang Zhihao
Published: November 2024

This article proposes a disturbance characteristic information observer (DCIO)-based control strategy for systems with unknown Lipschitz nonlinearity. The proposed DCIO utilizes the estimated parameters of sinusoidal disturbance to generate the compensation signal. This procedure aims to remove the disturbance characteristics component in the closed-loop systems, and only the nonlinearity-related part needs to be considered. As a solving skill for the Lipschitz nonlinearity problem, the time-varying gain is constructed to attenuate for the estimation error caused by the nonlinear term, which has two important advantages over previous designs. First, the DCIO does not impose the known-Lipschitz-constant condition on the nonlinear systems, nor other structural conditions on the system dynamics as in the existing observer designs. Second, the proposed DCIO and time-varying controller are designed independently. The coupling of disturbance and nonlinearity is avoided due to the full utilization of disturbance characteristics. Simulation results on the robotic manipulator are provided to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Formation control for multiple nonholonomic wheeled mobile robots based on integrated sliding mode controller and force function
Authors: Wang Junyi , Peng Yuzhang , Wen Shiguang , Wang Huaizhen , Wan Yingcai
Published: December 2024

In this paper, we present a novel method to achieve collision-free formation control for multiple nonholonomic wheeled mobile robots. By utilizing the leader–follower strategy, an integrated controller that combines a sliding mode controller for formation control and a force function for obstacle avoidance is proposed. To address the common chattering issue associated with sliding mode control, a novel depletion model is developed, which constrains the controller input to vary smoothly within a small range and effectively eliminates chattering. Additionally, a dynamic-gain structure is introduced to reconcile the conflicting demands of formation control and obstacle avoidance, providing enhanced coordination between the two tasks. Simulation and experiments’ results are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Transoral Flexible Laser Posterior Transverse Cordotomy with Blue Laser: A Case Describing a New Surgical Approach
Authors: Lechien Jerome R. , Bui Quoc Emily
Published: November 2024

The posterior transverse cordotomy (PTC) can be performed for posterior glottic stenosis (PGS) in the operating room through suspension laryngoscopy. This procedure requires adequate exposure of the vocal cords. An alternative PTC approach was carried out on a 56-year-old man without a view of the vocal cords during suspension laryngoscopy. After anteriorizing the hypertrophic tongue with a glide scope, the surgeon reached the vocal folds through a flexible nasofibroscopy with an operative channel. The adequate exposure of the posterior part of the vocal cords allowed the blue laser PTC through the operative channel in the cut setting. The postoperative outcomes were adequate in the follow-up period. This paper describes an alternative approach to PTC in a patient with PGS and several unsuccessful laryngeal exposures.
World Beliefs Predict the Maintenance of Satisfying Communal Relationships: The Role of Approach and Avoidance Goals
Authors: Lemay Edward P. , Cutri Jennifer N. , Or Ronald , Davis Alexander
Published: November 2024

The current research examined implications of primal world beliefs—beliefs about the world’s basic character—for the maintenance of satisfying and mutually responsive relationships. In a dyadic daily diary study of romantic couples with a 1-year follow-up ( N = 236 couples and 6,411 days), those who saw the world as Good and Enticing were more satisfied with their relationships and responsive to their partners in everyday life, they had partners who were more satisfied and responsive, and they reported greater motivation for responsiveness over the year. These findings were corroborated by partner and informant reports of responsiveness, and they were mediated by approach relationship goals. Those who saw the world as Good and Enticing pursued rewarding experiences in their relationships, which predicted greater satisfaction and responsiveness of both partners. Results suggest that, by shaping goal pursuit, positive world beliefs may promote satisfying communal relationships that confirm those beliefs.
Duality of Workload in Teams: A Daily Investigation of Team Workload and Team Functioning
Authors: Liu Yihao , Koopmann Jaclyn , Alterman Valeria , Wang Mo , Liu Songqi , Shi Junqi
Published: November 2024

While workload has been traditionally studied as a type of challenge stressor with motivational benefits for employees, recent research suggests that the nature of workload is more complex and nuanced than merely eliciting positive reactions. Although this perspective has emerged in the study of workload at the individual level, research on collective workload in teams and the associated team-based mechanisms remains underexplored. Particularly, team-based work arrangements come with both enhanced capabilities to meet task goals and heightened expectations for team members; encountering and handling collective workload can motivate team members’ engagement in collective actions (i.e., team processes) and at the same time drive their appraisals of teamwork experience as depleting. To examine this dual account, we draw from job demands–resources theory to elucidate how and when team workload impacts team effectiveness via both positive and negative pathways. Using daily diary and objective record data collected from 610 employees working in 99 bank branches (i.e., teams) for five workdays, we found daily team workload enhanced daily team processes, which in turn benefited team member satisfaction at the end of each workday and team performance during the study period. We also found daily team workload elevated daily team member depletion, which hindered end-of-work team member satisfaction. Further, we found team members’ perceived task significance and positive affect at the beginning of each workday strengthened and buffered, respectively, the positive association between daily team workload and daily team processes or daily team member depletion. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Digital public governance and corruption: Analysis of a two-way relationship in Africa
Authors: Kogueda Franky BA , Manga Engama Etgard
Published: November 2024

The objective of this study is to assess the two-way relationship between the level of public sector digital governance and corruption in a sample of African countries. We use a multilevel mixed-effects regression model on data from the World Bank and Transparency International between 2020 and 2022. Previous literature has evaluated the effect of government digitization on institutional quality. However, because of the high level of corruption in African countries, this study is the first to also assess the effect of corruption on the development of digitized public governance systems. The results show that the development of digital governance has a significantly negative bidirectional relationship with corruption. All the digital governance indices have a negative relationship with the level of corruption. Despite this, corruption does not significantly affect the quality of the digital public service allocated and citizens’ commitment to using digital procedures.
Jacob Rogozinski, The Logic of Hatred: From Witch Hunts to the Terror
Authors: Harvey Robert
Published: November 2024

With gripping archival detail, The Logic of Hatred scrutinizes the witch hunts and the Great Terror during the French Revolution to elaborate a theory and critique of what Jacob Rogozinski names the persecution apparatus. When this process is set into motion, sovereign power excludes and persecutes minoritized groups of humans deemed unworthy of inclusion, ultimately annihilating them. The author’s purpose is to break the seemingly inexorable cycle.
Mixed strategy Nash equilibrium for crowd navigation
Authors: Muchen Sun Max , Baldini Francesca , Hughes Katie , Trautman Peter , Murphey Todd
Published: November 2024

Robots navigating in crowded areas should negotiate free space with humans rather than fully controlling collision avoidance, as this can lead to freezing behavior. Game theory provides a framework for the robot to reason about potential cooperation from humans for collision avoidance during path planning. In particular, the mixed strategy Nash equilibrium captures the negotiation behavior under uncertainty, making it well suited for crowd navigation. However, computing the mixed strategy Nash equilibrium is often prohibitively expensive for real-time decision-making. In this paper, we propose an iterative Bayesian update scheme over probability distributions of trajectories. The algorithm simultaneously generates a stochastic plan for the robot and probabilistic predictions of other pedestrians’ paths. We prove that the proposed algorithm is equivalent to solving a mixed strategy game for crowd navigation, and the algorithm guarantees the recovery of the global Nash equilibrium of the game. We name our algorithm Bayesian Recursive Nash Equilibrium (BRNE) and develop a real-time model prediction crowd navigation framework. Since BRNE is not solving a general-purpose mixed strategy Nash equilibrium but a tailored formula specifically for crowd navigation, it can compute the solution in real-time on a low-power embedded computer. We evaluate BRNE in both simulated environments and real-world pedestrian datasets. BRNE consistently outperforms non-learning and learning-based methods regarding safety and navigation efficiency. It also reaches human-level crowd navigation performance in the pedestrian dataset benchmark. Lastly, we demonstrate the practicality of our algorithm with real humans on an untethered quadruped robot with fully onboard perception and computation.
Exploring intra-contextual influences in music emotion perception
Authors: Chaki Sanga , Patnaik Priyadarshi , Borgohain Junmoni , Mullick Raju , Karambelkar Gouri , Bhattacharya Sourangshu
Published: November 2024

Context is one of the key parameters influencing music emotion perception in listeners. The current study systematically investigates the influence of immediate intrinsic musical context on the perception of music-evoked emotions. Four dominantly happy and four dominantly sad Hindustani classical music excerpts were chosen and rated for perceived emotions in two types of listening experiments. In the first experiment, baseline ratings of these excerpts were collected from general participants to establish the emotions perceived without any influence. In the second experiment, pairs of excerpts were presented in succession, without any breaks, and rated continuously for perceived emotions. The perceived emotion responses for the second excerpt in the pair were considered for possible influence by the preceding music excerpt. The baseline and influenced ratings were compared to understand the effect of immediate intrinsic musical context—the first excerpt in this case—on emotion perception. Significant differences in terms of intensity of perceived emotions were found between baseline and influenced conditions for both happy and sad excerpts, either in the form of changes in perceived dominant emotion or in perceived nuance, and this phenomenon was termed intra-contextual influence. The results reflect the importance of immediate intrinsic musical context on emotion perception of musical excerpts and might be used to understand music semantics better.
Attitudes Toward Hispanic Immigrants and Immigration Policies in the United States: Exploring the Roles of Age and Framing Through a Survey Experiment
Authors: Yan Mengzhao , Gassoumis Zachary , Wilber Kathleen , Salinas Navarro Sheila , Torres-Gil Fernando
Published: November 2024

Hispanic immigrants are the largest immigrant group in the United States. However, conflicting immigration attitudes have stalemated efforts to develop more systematic and effective policies to better incorporate them. Guided by age stratification theory and framing theory, the present study examined the roles of age and framing in attitudes toward Hispanic immigrants and immigration policies. We used an experimental design to embed survey questions in the RAND American Life Panel ( n = 694). Before answering the questions, respondents were randomly assigned to one of three brief priming statements that described Hispanic immigrants using a conservative, progressive, or no framing. We performed bivariate analyses and multivariate regressions to examine how age and framing are associated with attitudes toward Hispanic immigrants and immigration policies, and conducted post hoc comparisons to determine the interactions between age and framing. We found that at the bivariate level, compared to younger people, middle-aged and older people had less supportive attitudes toward Hispanic immigrants and immigration policies; there was no difference in immigration attitudes by framing. After controlling for covariates, we found that compared to younger people, middle-aged were less supportive of immigrants, and both middle-aged and older adults were less supportive of immigration policies; conservative framing was associated with a more negative attitude toward immigration policies. Framing moderated differences in immigration attitudes by age, with different age groups tending to be responsive to different framing statements. The study highlights age as a significant factor in affecting immigration attitudes, and demonstrates the potential of using framing to influence immigration attitudes for different age groups.
A Scoping Review of Arts-Based Interventions with Community Based Participatory Research Approaches for Addressing Mental Health Amongst Adolescents in the United States
Authors: Rodriguez Alexandra K. , Hammond Gabrielle , Valdes Devin , Manhas Nico , Akram Seher , Morgan-Daniel Jane , Hack George , Sonke Jill
Published: November 2024

Arts-based practices are positively associated with the prevention and management of adolescent mental health, and community-based participatory research (CBPR) methods are shown to enhance equity in mental health interventions. This study sought to understand how CBPR approaches to research are used to assess arts-based interventions for adolescent mental health in the United States. Five databases (Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) and Google Scholar were searched. The included studies investigate adolescents (ages 10–19), included an arts-based practice, and occurred in the United States. Of 2,810 identified articles, 21 meet inclusion criteria and are included. Extracted components included forms of art, mental health focus, points of adolescent engagement, parental engagement, adherence to CBPR principles, and demographics. Art forms included dance/movement ( n = 2), literary arts ( n = 3), media ( n = 4), music ( n = 3), theater/performance ( n = 3), and visual arts, craft, and design ( n = 12). Five mental health categories represented the included studies—General Mental Health ( n = 9), Anxiety/Depression/Suicide ( n = 6), Social Support/Loneliness ( n = 2), Trauma/Resilience ( n = 3), Emotion Regulation ( n = 1). Studies prioritized minoritized populations and strongly adhered to the principles of CBPR. This review offers a comprehensive understanding of how diverse forms of arts participation are leveraged to address and mitigate the complexities of adolescent mental illness.
Disclosure and Help Seeking Related to Intimate Partner Violence Victimization, Perpetration, and Bidirectional Abuse in a National Sample of Sexual Minority Men
Authors: Wagner Glenn J. , Siconolfi Dan , Nacht Carrie L. , Storholm Erik D.
Published: November 2024

About one-third of sexual minority men (SMM) report intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization, and one-fourth report IPV perpetration, in their lifetime. IPV disclosure and help seeking are key processes of coping with or managing exposure to abuse. We surveyed 500 SMM residing across the United States who enrolled in project EROS (Empowering Relationships and Opportunities for Safety). In all, 201 participants reported any type of IPV in the past 6 months (including 109 who reported both victimization and perpetration); these men were then categorized as experiencing balanced bidirectional ( n = 53), predominantly victimization ( n = 113), and predominantly perpetration ( n = 35) IPV. In each of these groups, close to one-third (25.7%–34.5%) had disclosed their IPV experience and one-fifth (13.2%–20.0%) had sought help; however, within the perpetration group, none of the 16 participants who only reported perpetration (the other 19 reported some victimization) disclosed their IPV. Group sizes allowed us to examine correlates of IPV disclosure and help seeking among the bidirectional and victimization groups, from among demographic, psychosocial, relational, and IPV characteristics, using bivariate statistics and multiple logistic regression. Greater IPV victimization was positively correlated with disclosure in both groups, and it was the lone independent correlate in multiple regression analysis (in the victimization group). Greater IPV victimization was also a strong positive and independent correlate of help seeking in multiple regression analysis within the victimization group, as was greater partner assertiveness in conflict resolution. There were no independent correlates of disclosure and help seeking within the bidirectional group. These findings highlight the need for efforts to empower SMM to seek support and services when exposed to IPV, and to do so early in the occurrence of IPV.
Resilient Responses to Victimization and Other Trauma: Positive Emotion Regulation and Other Understudied Psychosocial Strengths
Authors: Hamby Sherry , de Wetter Elizabeth , Schultz Katie , Taylor Elizabeth , Banyard Victoria
Published: November 2024

Although many psychosocial strengths have been explored, there remains a need to identify under-appreciated strengths that help people overcome trauma. The objective of this study was to explore the resilience potential of 16 psychosocial strengths—including 4 understudied strengths (positive emotion regulation, self-reliance, relational motivation, and group connectedness)—for helping people overcome trauma. The understudied strengths were identified in previous qualitative work as salient in the southeastern communities where the study took place. The sample was comprised of 357 adults recruited from community events in Tennessee. Their average age was 37.6 years ( SD 15.6), and the sample was 65.8% female. They completed a survey with measures of 16 psychosocial strengths, polyvictimization, and a range of outcomes. Blockwise logistic regressions were conducted using subjective well-being and trauma symptoms as the outcome. Results indicated that positive emotion regulation was the best predictor of positive functioning after experiencing trauma. Polystrengths (an indicator of the breadth of a person’s resilience portfolios), a sense of purpose, and social support received were also associated with better functioning after controlling for polyvictimization, other adversities, and demographics. In multivariate analyses, religious meaning-making and relational motivation were unexpectedly associated with worse outcomes. Most studies of emotion regulation only explore the regulation of negative emotions, such as distress and anger, but the capacity to regulate positive emotions shows promise for helping people overcome trauma. The support for polystrengths, despite mixed findings for some strengths, points to the urgent need to identify the most helpful elements of resilience portfolios.
The Development and Clinical Impact of an Innovative Palliative Care Lever Tool for Individuals With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Quality Improvement Project
Authors: Fenwick Kathryn , Kreider Maryl , Kates Jeannette
Published: November 2024

Background

Palliative care (PC) is underutilized in the idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patient population, particularly in outpatient settings, despite high symptom burden and complex care needs. There is no clinician consensus for the most effective method of integrating PC into routine medical visits for this patient population, despite acknowledgement of its benefits. The purpose of this quality improvement (QI) project was to pilot an adapted nurse practitioner-led standardized PC lever tool for IPF in an outpatient clinic and evaluate the secondary PC referral rates during the implementation period.

Design

The lever tool was implemented over a 3-month period. De-identified patient health information from the health system’s electronic medical record system was used to compare referrals to PC prior to and during the implementation of the lever tool.

Results

The established workflow for the nurse practitioner-led implementation of the tool was feasible. There were increased PC referrals and increased PC encounters during the QI period, however the results were not statistically significant.

Conclusions

The findings of this QI project add to the limited existing literature evaluating PC referral methods for individuals with IPF in an outpatient setting. Further, the development process and workflow utilized confirms the feasibility of employing the nursing workforce to support the care needs of the IPF patient population.
Transforming the Business School Ethos Through the Teaching of a “Strong” Social Innovation: Pedagogical Opportunities and Tensions
Authors: Lachapelle Marc D. , Mesny Anne , Proulx-Masson Geneviève , Mailhot Chantale
Published: November 2024

Over the past 15 years, social innovation (SI) has gained ground as a promising approach for tackling today’s grand challenges. A “weak” conception of SI focuses on improving how social needs are addressed through new products, services, technologies, business models, or practices. In contrast, a “strong” conception emphasizes deep social transformation and the empowerment of historically marginalized groups. In management education, SI has predominantly been taught through the lens of the weak conception. This paper explores the pedagogical opportunities and challenges of teaching a strong SI to business school students. We conducted a qualitative study of six courses that emphasize a strong SI, drawing on semi-structured interviews with both instructors and students. Our findings reveal the transformative potential of these courses, suggesting they can better prepare students to tackle today’s complex challenges by reshaping the traditional ethos of business schools. However, teaching a strong SI also requires instructors to navigate several key tensions related to action, organizations, management, emotional engagement with the world, and consideration of values and politics. These tensions offer a pedagogical map not only for courses centered on a strong SI but also for those adopting a critical approach to management and business organizations.
Balikpapan as a Developmental Environmentalist City: A Stratification Economics Approach
Authors: Obeng-Odoom Franklin
Published: November 2024

The world is now more unsustainable as it has become less inclusive. Developmental environmentalism, a new approach to industrial policy, has increasingly been advocated as alternative development. But, does this developmentalism reduce urban inequalities? How has the implementation of industrial policy reflecting this developmentalist orientation shaped urban socio-ecological experiences? Stratification economics can provide new answers to these questions by redressing methodological problems in existing studies that have attempted to address these puzzles. Based on this approach and data collected from Indonesia’s oil city, Balikpapan, the results suggest that developmental environmentalism may be able to drive growth, but it has also institutionalised social stratification and reinforced unsustainability.
The Multilateral Development Banks and Rural Climate Finance: Adaptation, Mitigation, and Resilience
Authors: Bazbauers Adrian Robert
Published: November 2024

Our article analyses multilateral development bank (MDB) engagement with climate change and rural and agricultural development. It reviews 140 MDB governance documents and 284 lending operations to evaluate how their strategic intent has been translated into action. We conclude that while climate adaptation and mitigation initiatives are emphasised in MDB governance documents as crucial to transformative and equitable climate outcomes that promote economic growth and alleviate poverty, the MDBs are primarily financing climate resilience projects that prioritise actions to make agricultural production and rural incomes less vulnerable to climate change.
How to Produce, Identify, and Motivate Robust Psychological Science: A Roadmap and a Response to Vize et al.
Authors: Klonsky E. David
Published: November 2024

Some wish to mandate preregistration as a response to the replication crisis, while I and others caution that such mandates inadvertently cause harm and distract from more critical reforms. In this article, after briefly critiquing a recently published defense of preregistration mandates, I propose a three-part vision for cultivating a robust and cumulative psychological science. First, we must know how to produce robust rather than fragile findings. Key ingredients include sufficient sample sizes, valid measurement, and honesty/transparency. Second, we must know how to identify robust (and non-robust) findings. To this end, I reframe robustness checks broadly into four types: across analytic decisions, across measures, across samples, and across investigative teams. Third, we must be motivated to produce and care about robust science. This aim requires marshaling sociocultural forces to support, reward, and celebrate the production of robust findings, just as we once rewarded flashy but fragile findings. Critically, these sociocultural reinforcements must be tied as closely as possible to rigor and robustness themselves—rather than cosmetic indicators of rigor and robustness, as we have done in the past.