bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Paradigm of Science According to Thomas Kuhn and Prophetic Jurisprudence
Authors: Bill Nope
Published: February 2025

Prophetic Jurisprudence is a legal discipline based on the epistemological foundation of Islamic teachings derived from the Quran and Hadith. The framework of prophetic jurisprudence is built upon three prophetic ethical principles: humanization (‘amar ma’ruf), liberation (nahi munkar), and transcendence (tu’minuna billah). One relevant approach for reflecting prophetic Jurisprudence is the paradigm of science proposed by Thomas Kuhn. Kuhn argues that science revolves around five key terms or concepts: paradigm, scientific revolution, pre-paradigmatic stage, normal science, and anomaly. The research questions in this study are as follows: (1) How can prophetic jurisprudence be accepted as normal science when based on Thomas Kuhn's paradigm of science? and (2) How can prophetic jurisprudence be applied to Indonesian society based on the thinking of Thomas Kuhn? This normative legal research reveals that the process of prophetic jurisprudence becoming normal science is still faced with the challenge of positioning prophetic jurisprudence as a product that needs to be systematic, logical, and open. Prophetic jurisprudence still requires tools, resources, and methods to address legal issues in the empirical world. The paradigm of prophetic jurisprudence has provided tangible examples of scientific practices through thought and research within the tradition of scientific inquiry that underlies scientific practices during a specific period. Prophetic jurisprudence is confronted with Indonesian society, which is positivist, pluralistic, and liberal and requires fast, decisive, and concrete legal solutions accompanied by sanctions.
The shadow of the bear
Authors: Cvijanović Hrvoje , Shymkevych Kateryna , Omelchenko Andrii
Published: February 2025

The article explores Russian historical myths used to justify the aggression against Ukraine. Three main myths are discussed: Russia as the successor of Kyivan Rus, Moscow as the Third Rome, and the myth about Russian historical territories. Putin and the Russian propagandists use these myths to deploy narratives about Crimea, Novorossiya, Kyivan Rus, and to reinterpret Russian history to fit contemporary Russian imperial renaissance. As such, these myths nowadays became part of the Russian World (Русский мир), i.e. Russia’s political project that attempts to justify its imperial policy, particularly in the context of negation of the Ukrainian statehood and the war against Ukraine.
Realism and Political Liberalism in Normative Political Theory
Authors: Rodin Jan
Published: February 2025

This paper casts light on the dialogue between political realism and John Rawls’s political liberalism. I describe political realism on the basis of contemporary realist currents that attempt to render politics an autonomous sphere of human activity, largely through an investigation of sources of normativity apt for guiding political action. I elaborate on what points realists suggest they conflict with political liberalism, and identify three foundational similarities between the two approaches to the legitimation of political authority which should suggest that political realism ought to consider a consensus view of political legitimacy. First, both approaches to normative political theory emerged from the broader tradition of liberal philosophy. Second, both rest on the premise of a pluralistic society, which has certain normative implications. Third, both are attempts to justify the primacy of the political over the metaphysical. When considered together, these assumptions point to a demand for a theoretical inquiry into a consensus view of realist legitimacy.
First as adornment, then as money
Authors: Vinketa Darko
Published: February 2025

To what extent do contemporary critical theories of money operate under the shadow of Rousseau’s sentimentalist horizon of natural equality corrupted by the advent of civilization? This article outlines a Derridean reading of Graeber’s and Wengrow’s recent anthropological study of prehistoric social formations in an effort to demonstrate the unacknowledged influence which Rousseau’s disdain for theatricality holds over many present-day assumptions about the social logic of money. In an attempt to repudiate the orthodox theory of money as a medium of exchange, these anthropologists equate the origin of money with a predilection for adornments and self-display. As soon as money becomes a problem of representation, however, the critical discourse immediately shifts towards an anti-theatrical lamentation for lost authenticity which necessarily rehearses the circular logic of Rousseau’s thought. Money ultimately becomes indistinguishable from sociality as such.
Is Populism Inherently Illiberal? Insights from Kirchnerism and SYRIZA in Power
Authors: Markou Grigoris
Published: February 2025

This article delves into the academic discussion on the relationship between populism and liberal democracy, challenging the view that all populist movements, parties, and leaders are inherently illiberal. Drawing from a Laclauian perspective, which frames populism as an integral part of democratic politics that amplifies the voices of marginalized groups, we argue that populism can align with the principles of liberal democracy and/or does not necessarily lead to illiberal democracy or authoritarianism. Through the examination of left-wing populist cases in Argentina [Kirchnerism (2003-2015)] and Greece [SYRIZA (2015-2019)], we aim to demonstrate the inadequacy of approaches that understand populism as an inherently illiberal phenomenon, which often overlook the pluralistic and inclusive aspects of populism. Thus, we provide a response to this query: Is every populist case necessarily illiberal?
Functional Outcomes After Modern External Ring Fixation or Internal Fixation for Severe Open Tibial Shaft Fractures
Authors: Solarczyk Justin , Simske Natasha M. , Thompson Austin R. , Reider Lisa , Carroll Eben A. , Gary Joshua L. , Castillo Renan , Quinnan Stephen M. , Obremskey William , O’Toole Robert V. , Vallier Heather A. , Morshed Saam ,   METRC
Published: February 2025

Background:

This study compared the functional outcomes of patients with open tibial shaft fractures who were randomized to either modern external ring fixation (EF) or internal fixation (IF). We hypothesized that there would be differences in patient-reported function between the treatment groups.

Methods:

This preplanned analysis of secondary outcomes from the FIXIT study, a multicenter randomized clinical trial, included patients 18 to 64 years of age with a Gustilo-Anderson Type-IIIB or severe-Type IIIA diaphyseal or metaphyseal tibial fracture who were randomly assigned to either IF (n = 132) or EF (n = 122). Follow-up visits occurred at 6 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months after randomization. Outcomes included Short Musculoskeletal Function Assessment (SMFA) scores, the Veterans RAND 12-Item Health Survey (VR-12) physical component score (PCS), use of ambulatory assistive devices, and ability to ambulate.

Results:

The mean VR-12 PCS was slightly higher (better) for IF (24.8) than for EF (22.6) at 3 months (mean difference, 2.2 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.2, 4.3]; p = 0.03) and trended higher for IF (27.0) compared with EF (25.3) at 6 months (mean difference, 1.8 [95% CI: −0.9, 4.4]; p = 0.19). However, there was no difference between the groups at 12 months. There were no clinically important or significant differences in SMFA Dysfunction and Bother scores between the treatment groups at any time point. EF was associated with a higher risk of using any ambulatory assistive device at 6 months (relative risk, 1.5 [95% CI: 1.21, 1.82]; p < 0.0001). The absolute percentage of patients using any ambulatory device was 37.6% for IF and 45.4% for EF at 1 year. There was no difference in ambulatory status between the treatment groups at any time point.

Conclusions:

We found no difference in physical function between patients with severe tibial fractures treated with IF versus EF. There was a high rate of impairment overall. Assistive devices for walking were more often utilized in the EF group at 6 months, and both treatment groups demonstrated similar overall impairment.

Level of Evidence:

Therapeutic Level I. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Precision and Progress: A Review of Tibiofemoral Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty
Authors: Ohene-Nyako Prince , DeMaio Christian , Domingue Grayson , Riehl John , Thakral Rishi
Published: February 2025

Throughout the years, unicompartmental knee arthroplasty has proven to be a reliable and successful treatment option for patients who suffer from unicompartmental osteoarthritis of the knee joint. Shorter length of hospitalization, decreased intraoperative blood loss, reduced postoperative pain, and an expedited recovery time are some of the advantages that this surgery poses over more commonly used treatment options such as a total knee replacement. This article explores the relevant anatomy, biomechanics, clinical assessment, indications, contraindications, postoperative management, and clinical outcomes as well as complications of this procedure that have been documented within the current medical literature.
Real Person Fanfiction and the Construction of the (Un)Ethical Fan
Authors: Balser Lauren
Published: February 2025

Real person fanfiction (RPF) has a tumultuous history within academia and fandom. Though RPF remains a staple of fandom, the fans that write and read it are often moralised for their alleged misunderstanding of what constitutes a fictional character. Consequently, much of RPF studies focuses on fans’ construction of the celebrity persona. Though important, this focus on celebrity persona is prioritised over the role that RPF plays in constructing the persona of the (un)ethical fan. The act of reading, writing, and discussing RPF is not just about constructing the celebrity persona—it is equally, and always, concerned with constructing and performing the fannish persona, particularly along moral lines. This article uses the Taskmaster fandom as a case study, as the British comedy panel show—whose presenters enact a dominant/submissive dynamic via their Taskmaster personas—blurs the boundary between fiction and reality both on and off the show, making its fannish spaces ripe with discussion of fan ethicality, the construction of (un)ethical celebrity, and fan persona. Simultaneously, Taskmaster’s presenters’ explicit discussion of RPF written about them, and the response of the fandom to this discussion, shines light on how fans view their own moral positionality and how they construct (un)ethical fan personas. In investigating this fandom’s performance of what they call “ethical RPF”, this article seeks to theorise the construction of an (un)ethical fan persona as innately intertwined with RPF as a practice and fans’ treatment of it as moral performance.
V's Virtual Afterlife
Authors: Connell Jasmyn , Moore Christopher , Middlemost Reneé
Published: February 2025

Nonhuman Online Personas (NHOPs) are coherent digital assemblages not directly associated with the identities of individual humans. NHOPs encompass entities like brands, places, artificial intelligences, and, as we explore in this study, video game characters. This article examines the NHOP of V, the customisable protagonist from the video game Cyberpunk 2077, to consider how such characters attain a virtual afterlife beyond the original text through collective fan engagement. We propose ‘persona analysis’ as a novel qualitative case study methodology for researching NHOPs. Our approach integrates netnography, analytic autoethnography and textual analysis, enabling a comprehensive examination of the emergent, unpredictable, and collective natures of online personas. Building on existing persona studies frameworks, we focus on the collective dimension of persona as the sets of negotiations between human and nonhuman actors through which the NHOP is constructed. Using V as a case study, we apply the five dimensions of persona—mediatisation, publicness, performance, collective, and value—to analyse the NHOP. Data was collected from online platforms where fan productions occur, including fan fiction, game mods, virtual photography, conversation, and discussion. This multi-platform approach allowed us to observe the extensive participatory practices of fans' co-construction of V’s NHOP with its developers. Our analysis reveals that V’s NHOP is a complex, rhizomatic assemblage resulting from the participatory interplay between in-game characters, fans, games designers, developers, the storyworld’s creators, and intellectual property owners. By extending persona studies to encompass NHOPs, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of how online personas are collectively constructed. This, in turn, challenges established notions of online identity grounded in selfhood and opens new possibilities for examining the co-creation of online personas across all media types.
The Audacity of Hope: Examining the Influences of Stable Persona Construction on Political Discourse in the United States
Authors: Gbadamosi Elias
Published: February 2025

This study explores the realm of political persona construction and narrative persuasion through the analysis of Barack Obama's autobiography, The Audacity of Hope: Thoughts on Reclaiming the American Dream. It utilizes Walter Fisher's narrative paradigm theory to analyze how Obama's autobiography strengthened his political image during the 2008 presidential campaign. Using the thematic narrative method of analysis, this paper examines the presence of two key components of Fisher's narrative paradigm - narrative coherence and narrative fidelity - within Obama's campaign autobiography. It investigates how these elements contributed to convincing the American electorate of Obama's leadership qualities, his embodiment of a quintessential representation of citizenship, and his advocacy for the fundamental ideas and beliefs that support his proposed policy agenda. This research highlights the intricate relationship between persona construction and narrative persuasion in the context of Obama's campaignautobiography. It underscores the effectiveness of narrative coherence and fidelity in shaping a compelling political image and influencing public perception. The study challenges the notion that the coordinated stable persona strategy, which played a crucial role in establishing Barack Obama's influential political image, may yield different results in the aftermath of the Trump andBrexit eras (Marshall & Henderson, 2016). In conclusion, the study provides a nuanced exploration of the constantly evolving landscape of political persona-building strategies in American politics.
From Rockstar Politician To Celebrity Influencer: Former Finnish Prime Minister Sanna Marin In Representational And Presentational Media
Authors: Englund Lena
Published: February 2025

Sanna Marin, Finland’s former prime minister and leader of the Social Democratic Party, has gained extensive media coverage in recent years due to the Covid-19 pandemic, Finnish NATO membership, as well as becoming something of a social media influencer and style icon. This article examines Marin’s rise to fame from top politician to celebrity influencer, drawing on previous theorizations of persona studies, relating to the celebrity politician and the relationship between politicians and media, both representational (traditional) and presentational (social). Finnish and international reporting are comparatively studied, as some difference can be detected in how Marin is portrayed and how her time in office and political legacy are defined. Marin’s social media presence, particularly on Instagram, is addressed from a perspective of celebrity status and authenticity, relating to her online persona. Findings indicate that Marin constructs her public persona with the help of the representational and presentational spaces she occupies, including those that cause controversy and debate. Journalists, too, are able to raise their public profiles when interviewing or writing about high-profile politician celebrities such as Sanna Marin.
Decomposing socioeconomic inequality in lean diabetes among middle-aged adults and elderly in India
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Maiti Suraj , Behera Priyamadhaba , Mohanty Sanjay K
Published: February 2025

Background:Lean diabetes is a subtype of diabetes (BMI < 18.5 Kg/m 2) with severe microvascular complications. Unlike diabetes, the prevalence of lean diabetes is higher among poor and marginalised populations. We decompose the socioeconomic inequalities in lean diabetes among middle-aged adults and elderly (45+ years) using nationally representative data from India.
Methods: The Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave-1 microdata with a complete case analytic sample size of 58,824 individuals (45+) were utilised. We combined self-reported medically diagnosed diabetic conditions with BMI and identified the lean diabetic cases. Descriptive statistics and multivariable logistic regression were used to examine the prevalence and predictors of lean diabetes. Erreygers’ concentration index (ECI) and decomposition analyses were used to examine the contribution of socioeconomic factors in lean diabetes.
Results: The prevalence of lean diabetes among older adults 45+ was 0.8% (95% CI: 0.7%, 0.9%); ranging from 1.1% (95% CI: 0.7%, 1.6%) among the poorest MPCE quintile to 0.5% (95% CI: 0.3%,0.6%) among richest MPCE quintile. A negative ECI (-.006) suggests pro-poor inequality in lean diabetes. The decomposition shows that the economic condition of households measured by monthly per capita consumption expenditure explains the largest variation in socio-economic inequality of lean diabetes (72%) followed by the place of residence (24%) and education (20%).
Conclusion: The health care system in India needs to pay attention to the high burden of lean diabetes among the socially and economically disadvantaged populations in the diabetes care cascade.
Distributed Wavefront Shaping in Near-Field sub-1 THz Wireless Networks
Authors: Ghasempour Yasaman , Kludze Atsutse , Bodet Dushia , Jornet Josep
Published: February 2025

In sub-terahertz (sub-THz) wireless networks, the radiative near-field regime can no longer be ignored. Indeed, this less-explored electromagnetic regime can provide unprecedented opportunities to tackle the long-standing challenges of sub-THz wireless communication, including using focused beams to combat higher propagation losses and self-healing beams that offer enhanced resilience against line-of-sight blockage. Nevertheless, our mathematical modeling and experimental study find that such favorable near-field properties can be observed only within a smaller range of the nominal near-field Fresnel regime. When attempting to extend this range, current literature suggests adopting transmit arrays with larger form factors, which may not be available in the environment or even hard and expensive to fabricate. In this study, we present the first mathematical modeling and experimental demonstration of distributed near-field beam shaping using multiple coordinated transmitting apertures, hence, increasing the effective near-field regime. Our modeling is built on a detailed understanding of near-field electromagnetics, Fourier optics, and wave optics.
Observation of lump solitons in a photon fluid
Authors: Dieli Ludovica , Pierangeli Davide , Barionio Fabio , Trillo Stefano , Conti Claudio
Published: February 2025

Solitons are the cornerstone of nonlinear physics. The integrability of nonlinear equations is the basis of this universal concept. However, most multidimensional systems lack of integrability, a fundamental limitation that challenges the existence of solitons in high dimensions. A groundbreaking exception would be the lump soliton, a two-dimensional solution of the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation with the unique property of propagating unperturbed in three-dimensional space.
Due to the difficulty of implementing the KP dynamics in any physical system,
lump solitons have never been observed. Here, we report the first experimental observation of a lump soliton. The lump forms in a two-dimensional photon fluid experiencing a defocusing nonlinearity in a photorefractive crystal. We tailor the input field shape and the nonlinearity to realize the hydrodynamic integrable regime of the KP equation.
The lump emerges as a self-localized wave that propagates unaltered with a transverse velocity. We confirm its integrable nature by reporting, for the first time, the elastic collision of solitons in two dimensions.
As the first experimental evidence of integrable solitons in high dimension,
our observation paves the way for a new era in the study of nonlinear systems.
Advancing Global Eye Health: Progress and Insights from the Child Blindness and Low Vision Program in Northern Malawi, Southern Africa
Authors: Kalua Khumbo , Solomoni Esther , Mkandawire Hendrine , Chitimbe Tisungane , Mopamboli Patty , Manda Chatonda , Chimaliro Bruno , Dijk Karin van
Published: February 2025

Background Blindness and low vision in children remain significant public health concerns, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) like Malawi, a key region in Southern Africa. These conditions are often underdiagnosed and undertreated due to limited access to specialized services, spectacles and assistive devices, posing critical challenges to health equity. The Childhood Blindness and Low Vision Program (CBLVP) in Northern Malawi aimed to address gaps through capacity building, advocacy, ensuring access to regular eye health and low vision assessments, and provision of spectacles and low vision devices.Methods Activities included setting up clinical low vision services at Mzuzu Central Hospital in Northern Malawi, followed up by conducting outreach screenings and assessments, and building capacity through training and mentorship. Advocacy efforts engaged stakeholders such as government officers, parents, teachers, and disability organizations to promote awareness and service uptake, and provide basic skills to support the use of vision by the children at school and home. A mixed-methods approach was employed to evaluate progress: quantitative data came from service records, including client statistics and device distribution, while qualitative data were collected via engagement interviews with stakeholders and beneficiaries. Descriptive statistics and thematic analysis were applied to identify key achievements, challenges, and areas for sustainability.Results The program established a dedicated low vision clinic serviced by a full-time optometrist/low vision therapist. Between 2022 and 2024, 2054 children were served; 370 (18%) received glasses, 70 received low vision services (3.4%), and 96 (4.9%) underwent surgery. Spectacles and low vision devices improved beneficiaries' quality of life, enabling better educational and vocational performance. Awareness campaigns, including radio interviews and social events, increased visibility and service uptake, particularly among persons with albinism. However, challenges included the lack of an admission policy for inclusive education, initially leading to unnecessary admissions to special education and unnecessary use of Braille instead of print-based learning.Conclusion The program successfully addressed service gaps, fostered sustainability, and developed a scalable model for low vision care in Malawi and Southern Africa. Future efforts should emphasize policy integration and increased public awareness to sustain and expand the impact.
[225Ac]Ac-PSMA-617 production method: development of an efficient and reproducible radiolabelling process for establish a clinical routine production
Authors: Aurilio Michela , Esposito Aureliana , Buonanno Monica , Morisco Anna , Maisto Costantina , Scala Stefania , Lastoria Secondo
Published: February 2025

Background: Targeted Alpha Therapy shows very promising clinical results in a cancer treatment and it is a superior therapeutic tool compared to chemotherapy and b-radionuclide therapy. The use of a-emission offers advantages over b-emission due to the high linear energy transfer and the limited range in tissue. [225Ac]actinium is an a-emitter with a half-life of 9.92 days, which is an appropriate half-life for convenient treatment. [225Ac]actinium is introduced to tumor-targeting vectors through its complexation by a chelating moiety. On this basis, the aim of this study is to develop an [225Ac]Ac-PSMA 617 production method, to assess the efficiency and reliability of the radiosynthesis as a support for establish a clinical routine production for metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer treatment.
Results: different radiolabeling conditions and different time reaction have been used and compared. The best radiochemical yields (> 95%) were obtained when the peptide was dissolved in water and it was used at quantity of 100 mg in gentisic buffer, without stabilizing agent. The reaction was conducted at 97°C and no significant change in labeling yield was observed when the time reaction increased. This condition ensures an adequate stability at 24h around 90%.
Conclusions: the radiolabeling method employed in our experiments has demonstrated consistent reproducibility, enabling us to produce a radiopharmaceutical that meets pharmaceutical-grade standards.
Greater difficulties occurred in defining the optimal procedures for quality controls, due to the unique physical properties of actinium. Efforts were made to standardize the quality control methods in accordance with pharmacopoeia standards; however, the methods’ feasibility is still uncertain.
Robotics and the Periodic Table: A Case Study of Teacher Efficacy in Concept-Based Chemistry Instruction
Authors: Mhlongo Thabo
Published: February 2025

This mixed-methods case study investigated chemistry teachers' perceptions and practices in integrating robotics and a concept-based approach for teaching the periodic table. Utilizing a multiple-case study design, the research examined four Grade 10 chemistry teachers (T1, T2, T3, and T4) from diverse high schools, employing classroom observations, semi-structured interviews, and the Teachers' Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES) to assess teacher beliefs and practices. A rubric was developed to evaluate teacher efficacy, considering Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK), Robotics Integration Skills, Concept-Based Approach Implementation, Learner Engagement Strategies, and Addressing Challenges. The study explored the relationships between teachers’ self-efficacy (as measured by the TSES), their skills in robotics integration (as assessed by the rubric), and observed instructional practices. The analysis highlights the importance of professional development, resource allocation, and adaptable pedagogical approaches for successful robotics integration in chemistry education. Limitations and avenues for future research are discussed, with a focus on enhancing teacher capacity and optimizing robotics integration within a concept-based framework.
Therapeutic potential of T cell receptor targeting the HLA-A*11:01-restricted KRASG12V neoantigen without cross-recognition of the self-antigen RAB7B in solid tumors
Authors: Shen Meiying , Hao Yanan , Han Xiaxia , Wang Bozhi , Li Luo , Chen Tong , Chen Siyin , Zou Lin , Huang Jingjing , Wang Wang , Liu Shengchun , Han Xiaojian , Jin Aishun
Published: February 2025

Background
Public neoantigens, including KRAS, TP53, and PIK3CA mutations, which are shared across various tumor types, have demonstrated significant immunogenicity and offer great promise for cancer immunotherapy. Clinical trials targeting these public neoantigens have yielded encouraging results, including tumor regression and prolonged relapse-free survival. This study evaluates the HLA binding properties of T cell epitopes derived from these public neoantigens to identify optimal T cell target, and further develops T cell receptor (TCR)-based therapeutics.
Methods
The binding properties of public neoantigens to HLA-I molecules were evaluated using peptide-HLA binding affinity and stability assays. Naive T cell repertoires were utilized to expand and detect neoantigen-specific TCRs. TCR clones were characterized for functionality using TCR-Jurkat cells and TCR-T cells. Peptide specificity was assessed using an HLA transgenic cell panel and the X-scan assay. In vivo anti-tumor efficacy of TCR-T cells was tested in xenograft mouse models of solid tumors.
Results
The analysis of HLA binding properties for public neoantigens revealed that HLA-A*11:01-presented KRASG12V epitopes exhibited the strongest HLA binding stability. Four TCR clones specific to the 9-mer KRASG12V peptide (KRASG12V[9]) were identified. All KRASG12V[9] specific TCRs, both newly identified by us and previously reported, exhibited varying degrees of cross-recognition of the self-antigen RAB7B. Among the four TCR clones, one TCR (KT18) exhibited superior functional avidity, effectively recognizing and eliminating KRASG12V mutant tumor cells without off-target activity against endogenous RAB7B or similar peptides. Significantly, KT18 TCR-T cells efficiently mediated tumor regression in multiple xenograft models of solid tumors.
Conclusions
These findings highlight significant differences in peptide-HLA binding affinity and stability across public neoantigen-HLA pairings. The cross-recognition of RAB7B13-21 represents a critical safety consideration when developing HLA-A*11:01-restricted KRASG12V[9] specific TCRs. KT18 TCR-T cells are highly cytotoxic, exhibiting no off-target recognition and significant potential for clinical applications against KRASG12V-driven solid tumors.
Targeting the prefrontal-supplementary motor network with online and offline tDCS to modulate disgust: A single-blind and sham-controlled study
Authors: Soltani Parastoo , Morovatiati Zekrollah , afrashteh Majid Yousefi , Fink-Lamotte Jakob , Alizadehgoradel Jaber
Published: February 2025

In certain individuals, disgust experience is abnormally high. This heightened sensitivity serves as a cognitive component that can lead to dysfunction in neural circuits related to emotion processing and psychological disorders such as contamination-based obsessive-compulsive disorder. In this single-blind study, 36 individuals with high disgust sensitivity were randomly assigned to three groups: online, offline, and sham. The online group received intensified and repetitive transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) while performing a disgust image watching task, whereas the offline and sham group received the tDC stimulation prior and after the same task, additionally the sham group received placebo tDC stimulation. Anodal and cathodal stimulation was applied to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (l-DLPFC; F3) and pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA; FC2), respectively. The intervention consisted of 10 sessions of tDCS (2 sessions per day) over 5 days, with a stimulation intensity of 2 mA for 20 minutes and a 20-minute interval between sessions. The results showed a significant decrease in disgust experience in the online group compared to the offline group, while there was no significant difference between the online and sham groups. Although these findings suggest potential effects of tDCS combined with a task, further studies are necessary to confirm its efficacy.
Higher-order topology protected by latent crystalline symmetries
Authors: Eek Lumen , Röntgen Malte , Moustaj Anouar , Morais Smith Cristiane
Published: February 2025

We demonstrate that rotation symmetry is not a necessary requirement for the existence of fractional corner charges in C_nCn-symmetric higher-order topological crystalline insulators. Instead, it is sufficient to have a latent rotation symmetry, which may be revealed upon performing an isospectral reduction on the system. We introduce the concept of a filling anomaly for latent crystalline symmetric systems, and propose modified topological invariants. The notion of higher-order topology in two dimensions protected by C_nCn symmetry is thus generalized to a protection by latent symmetry. Our claims are corroborated by concrete examples of models that show non-trivial corner charge in the absence of C_nCn-symmetry. This work extends the classification of topological crystalline insulators to include latent symmetries.
BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT FOR SPECIAL NEEDS STUDENTS USING INTEGRATED PLAY GROUP METHODS AND AL-QURAN VERSE THERAPY
Authors:   Senior Lecturer, Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, UiTM Shah Alam., Aznaim Abd Latib Noor , Hayati Ishak Amal ,   Senior Lecturer, Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, UiTM Shah Alam., Sarah Izham Siti ,   Senior Lecturer, Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, UiTM Shah Alam., Nor Amira Mohamad Siti ,   Senior Lecturer, Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, UiTM Shah Alam., Yaakub Fadziani ,   Senior Lecturer, Academy of Contemporary Islamic Studies, UiTM Shah Alam.
Published: February 2025

The average number of special children around the world who are born with disabilities is increasing. Parents and teachers use various Western psychotherapy approaches to facilitate their daily handling of special children, particularly in emotional and behavioral management. However, these methods and therapies often lack the spiritual dimension, which is a fundamental aspect of human existence. To bridge this gap, we will build and apply a module that integrates existing behavioral therapy with psychospiritual therapy for students with special needs in the Integrated Special Education Program (PPKI) at SekolahRendah Bandar Baharu, Kuala Selangor. The development of this module consists of four phases. The first phase identifies the problems and constraints faced by teachers in managing the emotions and behavior of special students. The second phase involves building modules based on identified problems and expert views. The third phase is the construction, evaluation, and improvement of the module, considering experts views. This module will prioritize two methods of behavior control: integrating parents in childrens activities through integrated learning group techniques and combining al-Quran therapy, which involves listening to al-Quran verses to regulate unstable childrens emotions. This module will aid parents and teachers in educating special needs students (SENS) to the best of their abilities, thereby promoting the emotional and spiritual growth of special children nationwide.
AN UNUSUAL PRESENTATION OF SNAKEBITE: BILATERAL VITREOUS HEMORRHAGE
Authors: Verma Santosh , Kumar Soorya , Verma Rashmi
Published: February 2025

A 27 years old female with history of snakebite on her left leg one month back, presented with complaints of painless, sudden, loss of vision of both eyes which developed 4-5 days after the snakebite. Patient was on treatment for complicated large ulcer over the site of snakebite i.e. left leg and received blood transfusion twice to combat severe anemia due to probable hemotoxic type of snake venom added with blood loss from the ulcer. On ocular examination, visual acuity of right eye was hand movement close to face with accurate projection of rays and left eye visual acuity was perception of light with inaccurate projection of rays. Slit lamp bio-microscopic examination and dilated fundus ophthalmoscopic evaluation revealed vitreous hemorrhage in both eyes which was confirmed in ocular USG B-scan. Patient was advised bed rest, vitamin-C tablets, oral steroids and elective vitrectomy. Subsequently over a period of 6 months, both eyes vitreous hemorrhage reduced to form minimal coagulated clumps and fibrous vitreous materials. Patients vision also improved, in right eye 6/12 and in left eye 6/24.
ANESTHETIC MANAGEMENT OF A CESAREAN SECTION IN A PATIENT WITH NOONAN SYNDROME: A MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH
Authors: Meskine A. , Elwartiti L. , Moujahid A. , Elghadbane H.A. , Drissi M.
Published: February 2025

Background: Noonan syndrome (NS) is a genetic disorder associated with congenital heart defects, coagulation disorders, and skeletal abnormalities, posing significant challenges in anesthetic management, especially during pregnancy.

Case Presentation: We report the case of a 29-year-old primigravida with NS who was admitted for severe intrauterine growth restriction at 30 weeks of gestation. The patient had hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with previous surgical correction, requiring chronic anticoagulation. A scheduled cesarean section was planned due to fetal and maternal risks, with careful perioperative management including anticoagulation bridging, invasive monitoring, and advanced anesthetic techniques. General anesthesia was chosen due to severe scoliosis, anticoagulation status, and the risk of hemodynamic instability. The procedure was uneventful, and both the mother and neonate were stabilized postoperatively in intensive care units.

Discussion: This case highlights the anesthetic challenges in pregnant patients with NS, emphasizing the need for a multidisciplinary approach. The anesthetic strategy was tailored to the patients cardiac condition, respiratory function, and coagulation status, aligning with existing literature on NS-related obstetric and anesthetic management.

Conclusion: Multidisciplinary coordination, thorough preoperative assessment, and advanced perioperative monitoring are crucial in ensuring optimal maternal and fetal outcomes in NS patients undergoing cesarean delivery.
POSTOPERATIVE DRY EYE IN CATARACT SURGERY: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF MANUAL SMALL INCISION CATARACT SURGERY AND PHACOEMULSIFICATION TECHNIQUE
Authors:   Junior Resident, Department of Ophthalmology, DBVP Rural Medical College, Loni., Amrutha Priya Ravi , Chavan Waman ,   Professor, Department of Ophthalmology, DBVP Rural Medical College, Loni.
Published: February 2025

Aim:Tocomparethe incidence of dryeyefollowingphacoemulsificationandmanual smallincision cataract surgery at a tertiary care hospital.

Materials and Methods: A prospective, comparative hospital-based study was done. 50 eyes of 50 patients were taken and divided into 2 groups. Groups A and B had undergone SICS and phacoemulsification, respectively for senile cataract and had preoperativeSchirmer Test(ST-1) values >/= 10 mm, Tear film Breakup Time (TBUT) >/=10 seconds. Patients were assessed at 1 week and 6 weeks postoperativelyfor signs of dryeye using ST â€“ 1 and TBUT.

Results: The incidence of dry eye as per ST-1 was maximum at 1 week in SICS group (40%) followed byphacoemulsification group(24%). By the end of 6 weeks dry eye almost reduced. The incidence of dry eye as per TBUT was peaking at 1week and was maximum in SICS group (32%) than phacoemulsification group(16%). This gradually decreased by 6 weeks.

Conclusion: According to our study, we conclude that Phacoemulsification resulted in lesser incidenceof dry eye than SICS. The dry eye parameters showed a worsening in the early postoperative period but improved by the end of 6 weeks in both the groups.
¿Suscribió santo Tomás de Aquino la tesis según la cual el mundo pudo haber existido desde siempre? Una respuesta a Wippel y Bukowski
Authors: Irarrázaval José Luis
Published: February 2025

Regarding the topic of the eternity of the world, the following position is often attributed to St. Thomas Aquinas: that the world, in fact, had a beginning, but could have always existed. However, in none of Aquinas’ texts can an explicit defense of the possibility of an eternal world be found. Nevertheless, at least two authors, John F. Wippel and Thomas Bukowski, offer a systematic defense in favor of such attribution. This paper argues for the opposite, namely, that it is inaccurate to attribute to Aquinas the claim that the world could have always existed. For this, the argumentation of the two aforementioned authors is reviewed step by step, and a counterargument for both is presented. The paper then turns to the distinction that Aquinas himself makes regarding the various senses of “possible” in article 14 of De potentia. This distinction is used to complement Giles of Rome’s framework in order to provide greater clarity regarding Aquinas’ precise stance on the possibility of an eternal world.
“Depingerem vobis Heroida pulcherrimam…”: Ovid’s Heroides and Panegyricus Elisabetae by M. V. Lomonosov
Authors:   Institute for Linguistic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Dubova Svetlana S.
Published: February 2025

The article covers the issue of borrowings in the Latin text of M. V. Lomonosov’s Panegyricus Elisabetae. Since M. V. Lomonosov received an excellent education at the Slavic Greek Latin Academy, where he became acquainted with the works of great ancient authors, he could consciously or unconsciously imitate them when writing texts in Latin. As for the Panegyricus, Cicero and Pliny the Younger have long been recognized as sources of some ideas for M. V. Lomonosov; the present article also supplements this thesis with some lexical parallels. Against this background, the borrowings from Ovid’s Heroides, which are poetic epistles of mythological heroines in love, rather than a rhetorical work, are particularly interesting. As sources for the Latin version of M. V. Lomonosov’s Panegyricus we can single out two episodes (Ov. Her. 6, 11; 7, 69–70), which illustrate well-known and memorable mythological images: Jason sowing dragon teeth in order to obtain a golden fleece, and Dido mourning her separation from Aeneas and dying by her own hand. Notably, Ovid in Her. 6, 11 uses the verb adolesco, when M. V. Lomonosov translates the Russian text of the Panegyricus using the verb adoleo. Although in the case of the Panegyricus the genre of the Heroides makes this work less suitable for imitation than Cicero’s speeches and Pliny’s Panegyric of Trajan, the borrowed images look appropriate in M. V. Lomonosov’s text, especially since they are the result of M. V. Lomonosov’s long-standing interest in the Heroides. M. V. Lomonosov acquired an edition of Ovid’s works while still studying in Marburg, and translated some fragments of the Heroides for the Brief Guide to Eloquence, published a year before he wrote the Panegyricus.
Antiphon Or. 1. 20 καὶ χειρουργήσασα
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Zolotareva Varvara A.
Published: February 2025

In Antiphon’s speech “Prosecution of the Stepmother for Poisoning”, one of emphasized motives is the opposition between, on the one hand, the author of the criminal plan and organizer of the murder, and on the other hand, the immediate executor. The accuser claims that his stepmother plotted to kill her husband and deceived a female slave into adding poison to his wine. The slave was executed as the murderer, but the accuser seeks to prove that the true guilt lies with the stepmother, as she conceived the crime. The manuscript text (20) reads a participle χειρουργήσασα, ‘the one who enacted’, attributed to the stepmother. Friedrich Blass, in his 1871 edition, transposed the words καὶ χειρουργήσασα, referring them to the slave who poured the poison into the wine, believing, as she was told by the accused, that it was a love potion. By doing this, Blass emphasized the distinction between the plan and its execution. Almost all editors accepted this rearrangement. At the same time, some scholars prefer the manuscript reading. Reiske, supported by Maetzner, suggested a literal understanding of the participle, ‘the one who prepared the poison’. Wilamowitz considered χειρουργήσασα a rhetorical exaggeration. Adelmo Barigazzi and Ernst Heitsch understood the participle attributed to the stepmother in the manuscripts as a way to shift the entire responsibility for the murder — both the criminal idea and its execution — onto the stepmother. Here I present arguments in favor of the manuscript reading and variants of interpreting its meaning.
Inference of nonstationary design floods in the Yellow River source: a mechanism-based reconstruction method
Authors: Cheng Long , Li Shi , Li Fengnian , Zhang Mengyuan , Zhang Xuan , Wang Pan , Xiong Bin
Published: February 2025

Climate change intensifies and human activities escalate, making hydrological data nonstationary. The current nonstationary flood design methods have low practicality in engineering applications due to high uncertainty, lack of causal mechanisms, or complex model structures. The study focused on the upper Yellow River region in China, which houses cascade hydropower stations, and introduced the Mechanism-based Reconstruction (Me-RS) method to solve nonstationary flood design problems. It evaluates this method against the traditional stationary method, time series decomposition synthesis (TS-DS) method, and generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS). The design flood values indicate that the calculation results of the Me-RS method are significantly reduced, with the 100-year design flood estimates being 2435.53 m3/s for Me-RS, 2447.53 m3/s for GAMLSS, 3522.52 m3/s for TS-DS, and 4753.76 m3/s for the traditional stationary method. Moreover, Bootstrap uncertainty analysis demonstrates that Me-RS and GAMLSS, which consider physical factors, reduce uncertainty by about 40% compared to TS-DS. It is indicated that the Me-RS method provides a more accurate and less complicated alternative for calculating nonstationary design flood. This study advances the practical application of nonstationary flood frequency analysis methods in the domain of engineering hydrology.
FILOSOFIA E SEU ENSINO
Authors: Andrade Ribeiro dos Santos Angelina Renata
Published: February 2025

Inspirado em Deleuze, este estudo visa revitalizar o ensino de filosofia, tratando-o como uma experiência educativa enriquecedora e central ao aprendizado, contrapondo-se às visões que a marginalizam. Propõe uma pedagogia do conceito que valoriza inovação e diferenças, buscando democratizar a filosofia, especialmente para estudantes do ensino médio no Brasil. O objetivo é transformar a educação filosófica em um espaço de encontro e experimentação, superando o pensamento representacional e promovendo a criatividade e singularidade, tornando o ensino de filosofia um laboratório de experimentação que reflete a diversidade do pensamento filosófico.
ALFABETIZAÇÃO NOS ANOS INICIAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Authors: MONTEIRO BATISTA MARIA APARECIDA VITORIA , Vieira Arthur Cassio de Oliveira
Published: February 2025

Este artigo tem como intuito analisar o contexto educacional de uma escola pública, no município de Timbaúba dos Batista/RN,  a respeito do processo de alfabetização dos alunos nos anos iniciais , buscando fazer uma investigação sobre os métodos utilizados pelas professoras, a abordagem de ensino das mesmas em relação à alfabetização e letramento e aspectos do desenvolvimento dos alunos no que diz respeito ao processo de alfabetização.  O estudo de caso será de abordagem qualitativa, sendo seu instrumento de investigação uma entrevista aos professores do ciclo alfabetizador da escola. O estudo discute os conceitos de alfabetização e letramento dialogando com a autora Magda Soares (2004), a importância da formação continuada para professores dialogando com o autor Francisco Imbernón (2010) e um breve diálogo com Emília Ferreiro e Ana Teberosky (1991) sobre os métodos de alfabetização e os níveis de desenvolvimento da alfabetização.