bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Klâsik Türk Şiirinde Hz. Ali ve Necef Bağlamında Bir Değerlendirme
Authors: Tombak Süleyman Anıl
Published: June 2024

Şairlerin kültür hazinelerinin oluşumunda bulundukları şehrin muhakkak bir etkisi vardır. Aynı şekilde şairlerin de o şehirlerin medeniyetine şiir yoluyla katkıda bulunduğu söylenebilir. Şehirler çeşitli terkiplerle ve sahip oldukları anlam dünyasıyla şiirlere konu olabilmekte ve hatta efsaneleri telmih yoluyla canlandırabilmektedir. Bu şehirlerden bir tanesi de üç kapılı Necef şehridir. Bağdat’ın yüz elli kilometre güneyinde, Kerbela’nın yetmiş kilometre güneydoğusunda bulunan Necef şehri, Hz. Ali’nin burada medfun olduğu rivayetinin yayılmasının ardından önem kazanmış ve bunu takip eden yıllarda bir yerleşim merkezine dönüşmüştür. Yüksek bir platoda ve çöl kenarında bulunan şehir, dokuzuncu yüzyıldan itibaren mamur bir yapıya bürünmüş ve şairlerce kutsal sayılan bir yere dönüşmüştür. Hz. Ali’nin burada medfun olması dolayısıyla Hz. Ali ile ilgili mazmunlarla derinlik kazanan Necef şehrine, klâsik Türk edebiyatı şairlerince sıklıkla başvurulmuştur. Bu çalışmada klâsik Türk edebiyatında Necef şehrinin nasıl ve hangi sebeplerle ele alındığı konusu ortaya konulmuştur. Bu durum ortaya konulurken de iki yüzden fazla manzum eser taraması yapılmıştır.
ANALISIS ASAS KEMANFAATAN HUKUM TERHADAP DISPARITAS PUTUSAN HAKIM DALAM TINDAK PIDANA PENCEMARAN NAMA BAIK DI MEDIA SOSIAL
Authors: MO’O KATRIN WULANDARI , PULUHULAWA FENTY U. , PULUHULAWA JUFRYANTO
Published: June 2024

This research aims to determine and analyze the principle of legal expediency regarding disparities in judges’ verdicts regarding criminal offence of defamation on social media. The research was classified as qualitative-normative research with statute and case approaches. The research findings elucidated that expediency can be defined as a way to provide maximum good and reduce harm to a minimum so that the results can be enjoyed by as many people must not be achieved at the expense of individual freedom and rights. Thus, judges, as the spearhead of justice enforcement, should have the same perception regarding applying the principle of freedom of judge in imposing criminal sentences, which must be in accordance with the aims and functions of the law, namely, justice, certainty and expediency
PHENOMENON OF UNDERAGE MARRIAGE: A STUDY IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF LAW AND ISLAM
Authors: DEWI MIEKE ANGGRAENI , KUSWARINI KUSWARINI , WINARNI WIDIATI DWI
Published: June 2024

Marriage is a bond that gives rise to a family as one of the elements in social and state life, regulated by legal rules, both Islamic law and positive law (state law). In marriage laws, the age limit for marriage has been stipulated (material requirements), one of which is the provision regarding the minimum age limit set forth in Article 7 paragraph (1) of Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage. In reality, many marriages are conducted below the provisions of marriage laws, which have long been happening not only in urban areas but also in remote areas. The reasons vary, due to economic issues, low education, understanding of cultural and certain religious values, and others. Most Muslim scholars agree that underage marriage is permissible with certain conditions. Thus, supported by the fact that our legal system does not criminalize such marriages and that this issue remains a subject of debate in society, underage marriages should not be criminalized in future law
PENGARUH CURRENT RASIO (CR), DEBT TO EQUITY RASIO (DER), DAN TOTAL ASSET TURNOVER (TATO) TERHADAP RETURN SAHAM PADA PT. INDOCEMENT TUNGGAL PRAKARSA TBK
Authors: ANGGREANI SITI SYARAH , PRATIWI ALIAH
Published: June 2024

This study was conducted with the aim of examining the effect of Current Ratio (CR), Debt To Equity Ratio (DER), and Total Asset Turnover (TATO) on Stock Returns at PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk which is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2009 - 2022. The use of data in this study is based on secondary data with quantitative data. The research instrument used to measure this research uses a list of tables in the form of Current Assets, Current Debt, Total Debt, Total Capital, Sales, and Total Assets from the profit and loss financial statements and balance sheets at PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk. The population of this study is the financial statements of PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk for 33 years, namely from 1989-2022. The sample in this study is the financial statements of PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk for 14 years, namely from 2009 to 2022.The sampling technique used in this study is purposive sampling technique. The data collection techniques used in this study are documentation and literature study. The documentation intended in this study is the financial statements of PT Indocement Tunggal Prakarsa Tbk in the form of balance sheet and income statement from 2009 to 2022. The data analysis technique in this study is to use the classic Assumption Test, Multiple Linear Regression Test, t test, and F test.The results showed that partially the Current Ratio (CR) and Total Asset Turnover (TATO) variables had no effect on stock returns, while the Debt To Equity Ratio (DER) variable partially affected stock returns. Simultaneously the variables Current Ratio (CR), Debt To Equity Ratio (DER), and Total Asset Turnover (TATO) affect stock returns
EFEKTIFITAS TEKNIK PEMBENIHAN ALAMI DALAM MENGOPTIMALKAN TINGKAT KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP BENIH IKAN MAS KOKI (CARRASIUS AURATUS)
Authors: DINDA DINDA , AMINULLAH AMINULLAH
Published: June 2024

The aim of this research is to describe the effectiveness of hatchery techniques in optimizing the survival rate of goldfish (Carrasius auratus) fry. This research is participatory research with a quantitative descriptive approach. The results of the research show that the technique for hatching goldfish (Carrasius auratus) is carried out using seeding stages starting from preparation of containers and media, selection of broodstock, rearing of broodstock, feeding, spawning process, hatching of eggs, rearing of larvae and rearing of fry. The effectiveness of natural goldfish hatchery techniques is classified as optimal with a fertilization rate of 87%, hatching rate of 89.6% and survival rate of goldfish seeds of 76.9%.
AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE IN SUMBAWA SONGS
Authors: SARTIKA SARTIKA , HARIANTI DEVI
Published: June 2024

This study aims to determine the types  of figurative language contained in Sumbawa songs. To determine the type of figurative language, the researcher uses Keraf's theory.   The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. There are four ways to collect data, namely video observation, documentation, interviews and recordings. Data were analyzed using data reduction, data display and drawing conclusions/verification. The study found five types of figurative language contained  in Sumbawa Songs such as simile, repetition, hyperbole, synecdoche, and personification.
STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI KORPORAT DALAM MENINGKATKAN BRAND AWARENESS (STUDI KASUS PADA PT SEVAL LITERINDO KREASI)
Authors: DJUANDANILSYAH DJUANDANILSYAH
Published: June 2024

This research aims to investigate the influence of three dimensions of corporate communication management (internal, external, and digital communication) on the enhancement of brand awareness of PT Seval Literindo Kreasi. Purposive sampling method was employed to select 30 respondents who are employees of the company. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using validity test, reliability test, T-test, and multiple regression analysis. The findings indicate that internal, external, and digital communication have a positive and significant impact on improving brand awareness. Managerial implications and recommendations are discussed to enhance corporate communication strategies and brand awareness of the company
Investigating the symbiosis between ministry endeavors and theological foundations within christian contexts
Authors: Ellison Thomas , Bevans Johnson
Published: June 2024

This research explores the symbiotic relationship between ministry endeavors and theological foundations within Christian contexts. Drawing from existing literature and case examples, the study examines how theological beliefs inform and shape practical ministry initiatives, and conversely, how engagement in ministry activities deepens theological understanding. The findings highlight the importance of integrating theology and practice in Christian ministry, fostering a holistic approach that addresses both spiritual and practical dimensions of human existence. Additionally, the research underscores the significance of contextualization, flexibility, and dialogue in ministry practice, offering practical guidance for Christian leaders and practitioners seeking to navigate diverse cultural, social, and economic contexts. While the study contributes valuable insights into the complexities and opportunities inherent in Christian praxis, it also acknowledges its limitations and calls for further research to explore theological dimensions of ministry in diverse global contexts, examine the impact of technology on ministry practices, investigate ethical dimensions of ministry engagement, and foster interdisciplinary dialogue and collaboration among theologians, practitioners, and scholars. Ultimately, this research underscores the transformative potential of theology-informed ministry endeavors to bring about positive change and renewal in individual lives, communities, and society as a whole.
Las Ciencias Gerenciales y el Desarrollo Endógeno
Authors: Claret-Véliz Arnoldo
Published: June 2024

Editorial
Formulation Of Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) With Yellow Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Puree And Goroho Banana (Musa acuminafe, sp) Puree In Making Yoghurt
Authors: Rogi Joshua T. A. , Mandey Lucia C. , Taroreh Mercy I. Riantiny , Tumbol Michael , Kawengian Shirley E. S.
Published: June 2024

In the era of functional food innovation, foods containing probiotics such as yogurt are known to offer significant health benefits to humans, not only in maintaining gut microbial balance but also in preventing various chronic degenerative diseases. This study aims to develop a functional beverage based on yogurt by incorporating red dragon fruit, yellow sweet potato, and goroho banana. This research employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) method with nine different treatments and three replications for each treatment. The parameters tested for their effects in this study were antioxidant activity, acidity level (pH value), and viscosity of the yogurt. The results of this study indicated that the best treatment for the formulation of dragon fruit yogurt, yellow sweet potato puree, and goroho banana puree was found in treatment A (Dragon Fruit Yogurt 100%) with antioxidant activity concentrations of 0.4 mg/g, 0.8 mg/g, 2.0 mg/g, 3.2 mg/g, 4.0 mg/g, and 4.8 mg/g, which were sequentially 22.76%, 40.97%, 61.31%, 76.48%, 86.34%, and 90.90% with an IC50 value of 0.67%. The acidity level (pH) was 3.28, and the viscosity was 4.75 cP.
Keywords: yogurt, red dragon fruit, yellow sweet potato, goroho banana, antioxidant activity, probiotic
The study on the micromechanical mechanism of PP/EPDM blends and PP/SEBS blends using atomic force microscopy-based nanomechanics
Authors: Hanai Mari , Ito Makiko , Liang Xiaobin , Nakajima Ken
Published: June 2024

Using atomic force microscope-based nanomechanics to measure the micromechanical properties of different polymer blends, we found that the miscibility of the blend system affects the phase structure and micromechanical properties at the nanoscale, which further affects macroscopic mechanical properties of materials. In the immiscible polypropylene/ethylene propylene diene rubber blends, the microscopic phase structure is connected to the macroscopic mechanical properties of the material, since the microscopic modulus of elasticity of the phases remains constant even if the blend ratio is changed. On the other hand, in the partially miscible polypropylene/styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene block copolymer blends, the macroscopic mechanical properties of the material are determined by the combination of the microscopic phase structure and the microscopic elastic modulus, because the microscopic elastic modulus of each phase changes with the blending ratio.
منهج أبو الحسن ظهير الدين البيهقي (ت 565هـ-1266م) في كتابه الكمائم (دراسة تحليلية مقارنة)
Authors: أ.م.د. سعاد مقداد ناجي الأسدي
Published: June 2024

تناولت الدراسة العديد من الروايات المهمة التي تخص موضوعات المتنوعة والمختلفة من حيث الحقب التاريخية للمؤرخ البيهقي (ت 565هـ- 1266م) والذي ترك لنا أرثًا عظيمًا في جوانب عدة حيث كان فقيهاً تارة ومؤرخاً وفلكياً تارة أخرى أن الموسوعية التي تميز بها هذا المؤرخ جعله يضع كتابًا ربما حمل من الغموض ما حمله اسمه حاضرًا واقعًا بين طيات الكتب ومغيبًا ومجهول من حيث وجوده بين كتب التاريخ، أن صفحات التاريخ هي كفيلة في تخليد من تشاء بما تركه من أثراً واضح بصورة خاصة وغير واضح بصورة عامة، لأَنَّ الكاتب هو ابن عصره وزمانه ومكانه وهذا كفيل بأن يجعل العديد من المؤلفات تفقد أو تغيب، حملت الدراسة مقارنة هذا الكتاب مع من سبقه فضلاً عن تحليل ما جاء به من حيث الحقيقة والأهمية ومقارنتها مع من سبقها من الروايات وخاصة روايات شيخ المؤرخين الطبري (ت 310هـ- 922م)، التي كانت السباقة من حيث الأهمية والمعلومات، والكتب الجغرافية وكذلك مؤلفات القرن السابع الهجري التي كانت قد وصلت مرحلة من السعة والتنوع التي يشار لهُ بالبنان.
الوظيفة الجمالية والدرامية لأفلام ومسلسلات الريماك (Remake)
Authors: م.د. انور عبد شاطي
Published: June 2024

يتناول هذا البحث اهم عنصر من العناصر البنائية والدرامية وهو اعادة القصة التي تمت معالجتها وتحويلها الى منجز سينمائي او تلفزيوني, وتكمن خطورة اعادة المنجز بالوقوف على الجوانب للمعالجات والحلول الاخراجية السابقة ومعالجتها بمصداقية وواقعية عند عرضها في المنجز النهائي للمتلقي. اذ يتناول البحث المشكلة التي توصل لها الباحث بالتساؤل الاتي: : ماهي المعالجات لتوظيف الجمالي والدرامي لأفلام ومسلسلات الريماك؟ ومن ثم اهمية البحث, هدف البحث, حدود البحث, تحديد المصطلحات), وقسم الباحث الاطار النظري الى مبحثين فكان الاول: دور عناصر لغة الوسيط في انتاج افلام الريماك, وتطرق الباحث الى اهم عناصر الوسيط والاشتغال مع باقي عناصر الباء الدرامي وبالأخص القصة واعادة معالجتها من جديد. اما المبحث الثاني: افلام ومسلسلات الريماك, في هذا المبحث تناول اهم القصص والروايات العالمية الفنتازية والخيالية التي اعيد معالجتها من جديد في منجز الريماك. ومن ثم اجراءات البحث والتي انقسمت الى (منهج البحث, مجتمع البحث, عينة البحث, اداة البحث, وحدة التحليل) اما الفصل الرابع والذي يحمل العنوان (تحليل العينة) فقد ارتأى الباحث أختيار عينة قصدية وذلك لملاءمتها مع متطلبات حدود ومجتمع البحث, فقد اختار الباحث فيلم (الاسد الملك) انتاج (2019) (اخراج_جون فافرو), وقد توصل الباحث الى النتائج الاتية:

للتقنيات الرقمية دور اساسي في تصنيع والتحكم بالأفعال وردود الافعال للشخصيات في افلام الريماك.
لا يمكن تنفيذ القصص والفنتازية والخيالية بواقعية ومصداقية من دون التدخل لبرامج الحاسوب الرقمي.
للمناظر والديكورات والاكسسوارات والفضاءات دور جمالي ودلالي لأفلام الريماك.

ومن ثم قائمة المصادر وختم الباحث بملخص باللغة الانكليزية.
الدلالة الفكرية للعلامة في النص البصري (فن الكاريكاتير) أنموذجاً
Authors: م. وداد احمد كاظم
Published: June 2024

تناول البحث الحالي  (الدلالة الفكرية للعلامة  في النص البصري الكاريكاتيري) من خلال اربعة فصول تضمن الفصل الأول مشكلة البحث , واهميته , وهدف البحث, وحدوده , وتحديد أهم المصطلحات الوارده فيه. سعت هذه الدراسه الى تقديم تمهيد نظري وتحليل منسق عن النص البصري الكاريكاتيري في ضوء سيميائية العلامة ودلالتها الفكرية , بغية محاولة فهم المشاهد بلغة الصورة وقيمتها الدلالية الفكرية ,ومعرفة ابعادها الرمزيه , وقوة تأثيرها في المتلقي , بما تحمله من رموز وإيحاءات دلاليه سواء كانت سياسية اوأجتماعيه اوثقافيه , وتباع خطوات أجرائية متعدده . حيث اعتمدت الدراسه  المنهج الوصفي لتحليل المضمون الفكري والرمزي للعلامه وصياغتها البصريه المتنوعه والكشف عنها من خلال امتلاك المفاتيح الضروريه للسيروره التأويليه . توصلت النتائج الى ان : "الصورة  الكاريكاتيريه"قيقة بصرية مفعمة بالتناص تساهم في أستثارة الاحساس الجمالي للمتلقي . وتناول الفصل الثاني : تركيب العلامة وأصنافها ,مفهوم الصورة  ,البنية الأدراكية , الكاريكاتير وانواعه ووظائفه وانتهى الفصل بمؤشرات الاطار النظري .اما الفصل الثالث فقد أختص بأجراءات البحث  ومنها مجتمع البحث وأختبار العينة البالغة (5) أعمال . أما الفصل الرابع فقد تضمن النتائج والاستنتاجات والتوصيات والمقترحات .
اثر استخدام استراتيجية النمذجة المعرفية في تعلم مهارات الرسم لدى طالبات المرحلة المتوسطة
Authors: م.م. نور عادل خطاب
Published: June 2024

يهدف البحث الحالي الى التعرف على اثر استخدام استراتيجية النمذجة المعرفية في تعلم مهارات الرسم لدى طالبات المرحلة المتوسطة، ولغرض التحقق من هدف البحث تم صوغ الفرضيتين الصفريتين  واخضعتا للتجريب ، كما اقتصر البحث على طالبات المرحلة المتوسطة في الرصافة الثالثة من الفصل الدراسي 2023 م ، واستخدمت الباحثة المنهج التجريبي ، اذ تكونت عينة البحث من (63) طالبة موزعة على مجموعتين ، كانت الاولى تجريبية درست على وفق استراتيجية النمذجة المعرفية  والاخرى ضابطة درست على وفق الطريقة الاعتيادية ، استعملت الباحثة لمعالجة نتائج الوسائل الاحصائية الاتية:  (الاختبار التائي للمجموعتين المستقلتين ،التباين ، الانحراف المعياري ، مربع كاي ، معامل الصعوبة والتمييز ، فاعلية البدائل الخاطئة ، وارتباط بيرسون ، ومعادلة سبيرمان  - براون التصحيحية ) بدأت التجربة في يوم الاحد(26/2 /2023) استنتجت الباحثة ان اعتماد استراتيجية النمذجة المعرفية لها تأثير ايجابي في رفع مستوى مهارات الرسم لدى الطالبات .
الندرة الغذائية في دول العالم الثالث المسببات والحلول
Authors: م.م . لينه غازي عبد الأمير
Published: June 2024

تعد مشكلة الغذاء من اهم المشاكل التي تواجه دول العالم الثالث، اذ أن انتشار الجوع حول العالم له عدد من الاسباب ومنها عدم توافر الكميات الكافية من الغذاء، وانخفاض القدرة الشرائية للأفراد خاصة في بعض الدول العالم الثالث الأكثر فقراً في قارة افريقيا. شهد عام 2023 نقصًا كبيرا في سلاسل الإمدادات الغذائية وارتفاعاً غير متوقع في القيمة السعرية للمواد الغذائية في العالم. كانت هذه الأزمات المتفاقمة في أجزاء متباينة من العالم ناتجة عن العديد من الأسباب جيوسياسية، طبيعية واقتصادية معقدة، مثل الارتفاع الحاد في درجات الحرارة ، الفيضانات والجفاف الناجم من التغيرات المناخية . كما اشارت الدراسات ان الامن الغذائي تأثر أيضا بالعوامل السكانية اذ عد التزايد السكاني العامل الاساسي في تزايد الندرة الغذاء، ان هذا التزايد السكاني أدى اختلال في مستوى الطلب والعرض فضلا عن التوسع العمراني على حساب الأراضي الزراعية وكذلك دور الانسان في للموارد الطبيعية وتدمير البيئة مما أدى الى تراجع القطاع الزراعي. كما كان للحرب  الاوكراني – الروسية الأثر الكبير  في التأثير على الاسواق وارتفاع قيمة الوقود والأسمدة، مما أدى الى زيادة  النقص في الغذاء وزيادة الأسعار. وكذلك الازمة الاقتصادية خلال جائحة كورونا كما يتأثر الامن الغذائي بالعوامل الطبيعية كالظروف المناخية القاسية من ارتفاع الحرارة وقلة الامطار وزيادة التبخر وانخفاض مناسيب المياه وسوء استغلالها ولتحقيق الامن الغذائي لابد .من خطط تنموية شاملة لمواجهة التحديات التي تواجهه.
التوجه الأخلاقي لدى طلبة الجامعة
Authors: م.د. هيفاء عبد حسن
Published: June 2024

التوجه الاخلاقي  وهو نزعة الفرد للتعبير عن ما يحمله من قيم في المواقف التي تتطلب قرارا اخلاقيا ويكون اما توجيها قواعديا او فعالا او متداولا او عاطفيا، لذلك استهدف البحث الحالي التعرف الى:-

التوجه الاخلاقي لدى طلبة الجامعة.
الفروق في التوجه الاخلاقي تبعا لمتغيري الجنس (ذكور-اناث) والتخصص ( علمي- انساني).

    وتحدد البحث الحالي بطلبة الجامعة المستنصرية للدراسة الصباحية من كلا الجنسين (ذكور- اناث ) ولكلا التخصصين (علمي– انساني) للعام الدراسي (2023-2024) ولغرض تحقيق اهداف البحث الحالي استخدمت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي الارتباطي وقد اعتمد البحث على مقياس (كون واي) لقياس التوجه الاخلاقي ، الذي ترجمته الى العربية (القيسي 2020) اذ يتكون من (28) فقرة . تم عرض المقياس على مجموعة من الاساتذة المحكمين بلغ عددهم (15) محكما . لاستخراج الصدق الظاهري وطبقت المقياس على عينة البحث البالغة (400) طالباً وطالبة من طلبة الجامعة المستنصرية ، وبعد استخراج الخصائص السايكومترية للمقياس من صدق وثبات اذ اذ تم استخدام الصدق الظاهري وصدق البناء للمقياس ، اما الثبات فقد استخدم لمقياس التوجه الاخلاقي طريقة اعادة الاختبار وقد بلغ المعيار المطلق لمعامل الارتباط (0.67)  وطريقة الفاكرونباخ بلغ معامل الثبات( 0,81) وبعد ذلك تم  تطبيقه على عينة البحث واجراء المعالجات الاحصائية التي تتلائم مع طبيعة واهداف البحث عن طريق الحقيبة الاحصائية   ( SPSS ) اظهرت النتائج الاتية :

ان طلبة الجامعة لديهم توجه اخلاقي.
لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة احصائية في التوجه الاخلاقي تبعا لمتغير الجنس والتخصص . وتم تفسير النتائج على وفق النظرية المتبناة ثم خلص البحث الى عدة توصيات ومقترحات.
Pengembangan Buku Ajar Probability dan Statistika pada Tahap Preliminary Research
Authors: Devita Dewi , Marhayati Laila
Published: June 2024

Setiap lulusan program studi Sistem Komputer, Fakultas Ilmu Komputer, Universitas Putra Indonesia YPTK Padang diharapkan memiliki keunikan yang ingin dibangun dalam kurikulum prodi, yaitu kemampuan lulusan yang mempunyai kompetensi utama menerapkan konsep dari statistika dan pemecahaan masalah peluang. Memberikan pengetahuan, pemahaman dan keterampilan tentang Probability dan Statistika. Kompetensi tersebut ditopang oleh kecerdasan spiritual dan semangat membela negara sehingga menjadi lulusan mampu memberikan solusi teknologi dalam bidang komputer terpadu untuk meningkatkan kinerja bisnis. Permasalahan yang ditemukan di lapangan mahasiswa kesulitan memahami apa yang terdapat dalam literatur atau bahan perkuliahan. Literatur yang digunakan selama ini belum mampu mengakomodasi kebutuhan belajar karena bersifat parsial sehingga mereka masih merasa kesulitan dan hal ini dapat berpengaruh pada hasil belajar mahasiswa. Tujuan dari penelitan ini adalah mengembangkan buku ajar yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan dalam perkuliahan dan visi misi prodi. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian Research and development sesuai dengan prosedur pengembangan yang dikemukakan oleh Plomp, yaitu Preliminary research, prototyping stage, dan assessment phase. Pada penelitian ini menjelaskan tahap preliminary research yaitu tahap awal dari penelitian pengembangan buku ajar Probability dan Statistika. Buku ajar yang dikembanhkan dalam penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi sumber belajar utama mata kuliah probability dan statistika oleh mahasiswa program studi sistem komputar Universitas Putra Indonesia YPTK Padang.
Indoor Localization based on Short-Range Radar and Rotating Landmarks
Authors: Thormann Kolja , Steuernagel Simon , Baum Marcus
Published: June 2024

A novel concept for indoor self-localization based on rotating
artificial landmarks with known locations using short-range radar is
proposed. First, a processing pipeline for extracting range and angle
measurements to the landmarks from a raw radar image is introduced,
which consists of a neural network for distance estimation and a basic
angle-of-arrival estimator. Second, a particle filter for tracking the
pose based on the range and angle measurements is developed. Due to the
ability of radar to measure range rate, i.e., the velocity in the
direction of a detection, it is possible to robustly detect and localize
rotating landmarks with the help of their micro-Doppler pattern. In this
way, localization is possible even under difficult conditions (e.g.,
light changes). Experiments with a wheeled mobile robot and common
office fans as landmarks demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach
for indoor localization.
Electromagnetic Fields of Moving Point Sources in the Vacuum
Authors: Xiao Gaobiao
Published: June 2024

The electromagnetic fields of point sources with time varying charges
moving in the vacuum are derived using the Liénard-Wiechert potentials.
The properties of the propagation velocities and the Doppler effect are
discussed based on their far fields. The results show that the velocity
of the electromagnetic waves and the velocity of the sources cannot be
added like vectors; the velocity of electromagnetic waves of moving
sources are anisotropic in the vacuum; the transverse Doppler shift is
intrinsically included in the fields of the moving sources and is not a
pure relativity effect caused by time dilation. Since the fields are
rigorous solutions of the Maxwell’s equations, the findings can help us
to abort the long-standing misinterpretations concerning about the
classic mechanics and the classic electromagnetic theory. Although it
may violate the theory of the special relativity, we show mathematically
that, when the sources move faster than the light in the vacuum, the
electromagnetic barriers and the electromagnetic shock waves can be
clearly predicted using the exact solutions. Since they cannot be
detected by observers in the region outside their shock wave zones, an
intuitive and reasonable hypothesis can be made that the superluminal
sources may be considered as a kind of electromagnetic blackholes.
Is Complexity an Illusion?
Authors: Bennett Michael Timothy
Published: June 2024

Simplicity is held by many to be the key to general intelligence.
Simpler models tend to “generalise”, identifying the cause or
generator of data with greater sample efficiency. The implications of
the correlation between simplicity and generalisation extend far beyond
computer science, addressing questions of physics and even biology. Yet
simplicity is a property of form, while generalisation is of function.
In interactive settings, any correlation between the two depends on
interpretation. In theory there could be no correlation and yet in
practice, there is. Previous theoretical work showed generalisation to
be a consequence of “weak” constraints implied by function, not form.
Experiments demonstrated choosing weak constraints over simple forms
yielded a 110-500% improvement in generalisation rate. Here we show
that all constraints can take equally simple forms, regardless of
weakness. However if forms are spatially extended, then function is
represented using a finite subset of forms. If function is represented
using a finite subset of forms, then we can force a correlation between
simplicity and generalisation by making weak constraints take simple
forms. If function is determined by a goal directed process that favours
versatility (e.g. natural selection), then efficiency demands weak
constraints take simple forms. Complexity has no causal influence on
generalisation, but appears to due to confounding.

In Press: Accepted for publication in the Proceedings of The
17th Conference on Artificial General Intelligence, 2024
Multiscale Causal Learning
Authors: Bennett Michael Timothy
Published: June 2024

Biological intelligence is more sample-efficient than artificial
intelligence (AI), learning from fewer examples. Here we answer why.
Given data, there can be many policies which seem “correct” because
they perfectly fit the data. However, only one correct policy could have
actually causedthe data. Sample-efficiency requires a
means of discerning which. Previous work showed sample efficiency is
maximised by weak-policy-optimisation (WPO); preferring policies that
more weakly constrain what is considered to be correct, given finite
resources. Biology’s sample-efficiency demonstrates it is better at WPO.
To understand how, we formalise the
“multiscale-competency-architecture” (MCA) observed in biological
systems, as a sequence of nested “agentic-abstraction-layers”. We show
that WPO at low levels enables synthesis of weaker policies at high. We
call this “multiscale-causal-learning”, and argue this is how we might
construct more scale-able, sample-efficient and reliable AI.
Furthermore, a sufficiently weak policy at low levels is a precondition
of collective policy at higher levels. The higher level “identity” of
the collective is lost if lower levels use an insufficiently weak policy
(e.g. cells may become isolated from the collective informational
structure and revert to primitive behaviour). This has implications for
biology, machine learning, AI-safety, and philosophy.
On the Origin of Cardiovascular Sounds Recorded from the Ear
Authors: Gårdbæk Bjarke , Kidmose Preben
Published: June 2024

It has been conjectured that sounds recorded at the ear, using
microphones, originate from either heart sounds propagating from the
heart to the recording site, through tissue and bone, or vascular
activity at the recording site, such as vasodilation. However, prior
studies have not been able to verify these conjectures. The aim of this
study is to gain a deeper understanding of the signals measured in the
ear using so called body-coupled microphones.

Method: A study was conducted on 10 subjects, who were instructed to
stand up, lie down and exercise with a body-coupled microphone mounted
in each ear, using personalised ear-pieces. The subjects were
additionally instructed to follow a guided breathing session. Recorded
body-coupled microphone signals were evaluated against standard
measures, such as electrocardiography, photoplethysmography, and
respiration flow and effort. All signal modalities were synchronised to
a common trigger signal. For the analysis, the body-coupled microphone
and photoplethysmography signals were epoched in accordance with the
electrocardiography R-peak.

Results: Cluster-based permutation test showed that the body-coupled
microphone signals were time-locked to the electrocardiography R-peak.
No difference was found between ears.

Discussion: Comparing the timing of the electrocardiography and
photoplethysmography events suggests that signals recorded using
body-coupled microphones in the ears reflect blood pressure waves in the
arteries in the proximity of the body-coupled microphones.
Application of Onion Extract as a Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in a Sodium Chloride Medium
Authors: Johnson Nnadikwe , Chigozie Iheme , Johnson Chinemerem Joy
Published: June 2024

Mild steel, composed primarily of iron (Fe) and carbon (C), is widely
used in industry due to its strength and affordability. However, its low
corrosion resistance is a significant limitation. To address this,
researchers have explored modifying mild steel by coating it with
antioxidant compounds that can delay, slow down, or prevent corrosion.
This study focuses on developing an organic corrosion inhibitor from
onion peel extract, which offers a sustainable and non-toxic alternative
to traditional chemical corrosion inhibitors. The corrosion inhibition
efficiency of the onion peel extract is evaluated in sodium chloride
medium, with the goal of identifying a effective and environmentally
friendly corrosion protection strategy for mild steel.
Velocity and Acceleration of Root-Locus Points
Authors: Alghoniemy Masoud
Published: June 2024

We show that the roots of the characteristic equation of a closed-loop feedback system can be interpreted as moving roots, on the root-locus, with specific velocity and acceleration as the loop gain increases from zero to infinity. In particular, we show that each root on the root-locus travels with a non-trivial velocity and acceleration which depend on the open-loop pole-zero locations as well as the rate of change of the gain with time. Moreover, the phase of the root velocity provides information about the traveling directions of each root on the root-locus. The relation between root sensitivity and root velocity is also explained. The concept of root velocity and acceleration helps us to better understand the behavior of the roots on the root-locus as the gain increases. Simulation provides visual interpretations for the derived results.
A Proximity Model for Distributed Digital Twin Systems
Authors: Rothermel Kurt , Herzog Otthein , Zhiqiang Sigfried WU
Published: June 2024

Over the last decade, digital twin technology has gained increasing interest in various fields, such as industrial engineering and manufacturing, healthcare, transportation, energy, logistics, or city operations. While digital twins of single assets dominated in the beginning, we are seeing more and more digital twins for systems of assets, where digital twins need to collaborate with other digital twins to accomplish their objectives. As in service-oriented systems, digital twins provide services that can be used by other twins. While in service-oriented systems a service is typically identified by type information, this is not sufficient in digital twin systems, where there may be a large number of service instances of the same type that are not interchangeable. In this paper, we present a proximity model that allows digital twins to specify the required services by so-called neighborhoods, whose definition is based on spatial relationships between client and service instances. This concept not only simplifies service discovery in digital twin systems, but also allows for efficient implementations. To support this, we illustrate how service discovery based on the proposed proximity model can be implemented on top of a spatial DBMS.
Factored Cognition Models: Enhancing LLM Performance through Modular Decomposition
Authors: Wench Selma , Maxwell Kyle
Published: June 2024

Generative AI has achieved remarkable progress in producing human-like text, yet challenges remain in improving the predictability, reliability, and overall performance of language models. The novel approach of decomposing the GPT-2 model into specialized modules-memory, reasoning, and perception-significantly enhances its capabilities by compartmentalizing different cognitive functions. Comprehensive experiments demonstrate that the modular architecture results in substantial improvements in perplexity, accuracy, and F1 scores compared to baseline models. The findings demonstrate the potential of modular designs in achieving superior performance and adaptability, contributing to the field of factored cognition models. Addressing computational challenges and optimizing integration strategies will further enhance the practicality of deploying modular LLMs in diverse applications. The study provides a robust foundation for future research, exploring more efficient training algorithms, alternative modular configurations, and ethical considerations, ultimately advancing the development of sophisticated, reliable, and adaptable AI systems.
Computational Dualism and Objective Superintelligence
Authors: Bennett Michael Timothy
Published: June 2024

The concept of intelligent software is flawed. The behaviour of software
is determined by the hardware that “interprets” it. This undermines
claims regarding the behaviour of theorised, software superintelligence.
Here we characterise this problem as “computational dualism”, where
instead of mental and physical substance, we have software and hardware.
We argue that to make objective claims regarding performance we must
avoid computational dualism. We propose a pancomputational alternative
wherein every aspect of the environment is a relation between
irreducible states. We formalise systems as behaviour (inputs and
outputs), and cognition as embodied, embedded, extended and enactive.
The result is cognition formalised as a part of the environment, rather
than as a disembodied policy interacting with the environment through an
interpreter. This allows us to make objective claims regarding
intelligence, which we argue is the ability to “generalise”, identify
causes and adapt. We then establish objective upper bounds for
intelligent behaviour. This suggests AGI will be safer, but more
limited, than theorised.

In Press: Accepted for publication in the Proceedings of The
17th Conference on Artificial General Intelligence, 2024
Iterative Detection Schemes for Uplink Highly Loaded User-Centric Hybrid Beamforming Based Frequency Selective Massive MIMO Networks
Authors: Karataş Metehan , Güvensen Gökhan Muzaffer
Published: June 2024

In cell-free (CF) networks, access points (APs) jointly serve the user
equipments (UEs). In user-centric (UC) variant, only a handful of APs
serve a particular UE, namely the ones with the best channels. In this
paper, we propose a hybrid beamforming aided uplink receiver scheme for
highly loaded UC massive MIMO (mMIMO) networks, operating in
millimeter-wave(mmWave) frequencies, employing single carrier modulation
under frequency selective channels. Every AP employs its own analog
beamformer (AB) called the modified eigen-beamformer (MEB), which
promotes a trend of fairness. In the digital domain, two detectors are
proposed; Cell-Free Iterative Detector (CFI-D) and User-Centric
Iterative Subset-Detector (UCIS-D). CFI-D introduces the iterative block
decision feedback equalization (IB-DFE) method for CF networks. UCIS-D
is an alternative to CFI-D. UCIS-D is UC, has low computational
complexity (CCP) and is scalable. UCIS-D relies on parallel interference
cancellation (PIC) aided IB-DFE. Interfering UEs are divided into three
sets. Weak interferers are processed with PIC, strong interferers with
IBDFE which considers the residual interference from PIC. Weakest
interferers are ignored. Both PIC and IB-DFE utilize the soft decisions
from previous iterations. Simulation results show that these receivers
can handle ultra high loads in terms of bit-error-rate (BER) and
achievable information rate (AIR).
PENGARUH PERBEDAAN SHIFT KERJA TERHADAP KELELAHAN KERJA PADA PERAWAT RAWAT INAP DI RS. X KABUPATEN BREBES
Authors: Hangkoso Reza Elang , Subekti Agung Tyas , Atmoko Dwi
Published: June 2024

Rumah sakit diperbolehkan untuk beroperasi selama 24 jam secara terus menerus. Hal ini membuat perawat sebagai salah satu tenaga kesehatan yang bekerja di rumah sakit harus mengikuti sistem shift kerja yang telah diatur oleh pihak rumah sakit. Bekerja pada shift tertentu tidak jarang menimbulkan kelelahan. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisa pengaruh perbedaan antara shift kerja terhadap kelelahan kerja pada perawat. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kuantitatif desain penelitian observasional analitik Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 90 dimana dalam setiap shift diambil 30 responden perawat ruang rawat inap dan teknik pengambilan sampel secara teknik purposive sampling. Data yang dikumpulkan dalam penelitian berupa data skoring kelelahan kerja. Analisa data menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis dan uji lanjut Mann Whitney. uji statistic non parametrik Kruskal Wallis dengan interprestasi hasil bahwa jika p value 0.05 maka hasil dinyatakan tidak signifikan lalu selanjutnya akan dilanjutkan uji lanjut dengan uji Mann Whitney untuk mengetahui perbedaan nilai rata-rata Berdasarkan hasil uji statistik Kruskal Wallis maka diketahui nilai asymp.sig adalah sebesar 0.003>0.05 antara kelelahan kerja pada shift pagi, shift siang, shift malam terdapat perbedaan. Hasi uji Mann Whitney untuk mengetahui perbedaan berdasarkan nilai median sehingga lebih spesifik. Diketahui bahwa nilai nilai signifikan perbandingan shift pagi dan shift siang 0.584<0.05 yang artinya tidak terdapat perbedaan, lalu diketahui bahwa nilai nilai signifikan perbandingan shift pagi dan malam siang 0.008>0.05 yang artinya terdapat perbedaan.dan diketahui bahwa nilai nilai signifikan perbandingan shift siang dan shift malam 0.001>0.05 yang artinya terdapat perbedaan
Identifikasi Bahaya dan Penilaian Risiko (IBPR) di Ruang Terbatas dengan Pedekatan Literature Study
Authors: Septiningtias Angela Septiningtias , Rakhmadi Triyono , Subekti Agung Tyas
Published: June 2024

Bekerja dalam ruang terbatas (confined space) merupakan salah satu pekerjaan yang mempunyai resiko bahaya yang tinggi, salah satunya dibuktikan pada International Association of Oil and Gas Producers (IOGP) Report 459 mengenai Life-Saving Rules dimana salah satu elemennya adalah Ruang Terbatas (Confined Space). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui identifikasi bahaya dan penilaian risiko pada ruang terbatas, dengan tujuan khusus agar dapat mengetahui informasi jenis bahaya pada ruang terbatas, metode identifikasi bahaya dan penilaian risiko yang digunakan, serta tingkat dari bahaya tersebut dalam konteks tempat kerja di Ruang Terbatas (Confined Space). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dalam bentuk narrative literature review, dimana pengumpulan referensi artikel menggunakan Google Scholar. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan data jenis bahaya dalam ruang terbatas seperti bahaya gas beracun, kekurangan oksigen, bahaya ledakan, bahaya percikan api, dll. Metode identifikasi bahaya yang dapat digunakan meliputi HIRADC (Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Determining Control), HIRARC (Hazard Identification Risk Assessment and Risk Control) dan JSA (Job Safety Analysis).Tingkat risiko bahaya yang terdapat dalam ruang terbatas hingga tingkat risiko bahaya tinggi.
ANALISA PENYEBAB BLIND SPOT PADA TRUCK DAN UPAYA MENGATASINYA
Authors: Firmansyah Sultan , Rakhmadi Triyono , Atmoko Dwi
Published: June 2024

Pengemudi truk tidak dapat melihat seluruh area di sekitar kendaraan. Bagian yang tidak terlihat disebut titik buta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif yang disajikan melalui tinjauan literatur naratif. Tinjauan literatur naratif adalah jenis penelitian kualitatif yang berfokus pada menceritakan kisah kehidupan manusia melalui pengalaman, wawancara, foto, biografi, dan jenis cerita pengalaman manusia lainnya. Desain kendaraan truk dapat menciptakan titik buta. Pengukuran volume bodi pengemudi dan pengaturan kaca spion. Salah. Saat ini permasalahan tersebut dapat diatasi dengan memperbaiki kaca spion, memberikan sinyal cahaya saat menyalip, menjaga jarak, serta melengkapi mobil dengan kamera dan sensor. Berdasarkan hasil studi literatur disimpulkan bahwa luas titik buta dipengaruhi oleh desain kendaraan dan antropometri pengemudi.
Psychiatric Comorbidities of Multiple Sclerosis: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Fatheddine M. , Elfahiri F. , Ennaciri Z. , Adali I. , Manoudi F.
Published: June 2024

This study investigates the prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic neurological disease. The research highlights the high frequency of psychiatric comorbidities, particularly depression and anxiety, which are often underdiagnosed and undertreated. The study included 120 patients with definite MS and found that 30% of them had major depressive disorder, 45% had anxiety disorders, and 25% had generalized anxiety disorder. The prevalence of bipolar disorder was 1.66%, and substance abuse was also identified as a significant issue. The work emphasizes the importance of clinical attention to psychiatric comorbidity in MS patients, as it is associated with an increased risk of suicide. The results suggest that anxiety is a powerful predictive factor for depression, and that behavioral disorders are more common than severe psychiatric disorders, likely due to cognitive impairment. We conclude that psychiatric comorbidities are common in MS and that their appropriate management is crucial to improve quality of life and prevent suicide.
Pattern of Liver Enzymes in Type -2 Diabetes Mellitus Subjects with and without Dyslipidemia
Authors: Akter Dr. Shahanaz , Roy Dr. Manindra Nath , Afroze Dr. Farzana , Dey Dr. Sumi , Jhilky Dr. Most. Tasnim Ara , Akhter Afsana
Published: June 2024

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major public health concern affecting millions of people worldwide. It is associated with dyslipidemia and disturbed liver function. Pattern of liver enzymes and its association with dyslipidemia in T2DM has been reported in limited studies. Objective: This study was aimed to evaluate the pattern of liver enzymes in T2DM subjects with and without dyslipidemia. Methods: This cross sectional analytical study was conducted in the department of Biochemistry of Sir Salimullah Medical College from March, 2021 to February, 2022. Sampling technique was purposive convenient. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria 100 study subjects were taken in this study, among them 50 T2DM subjects without dyslipidemia were taken as Group A and 50 T2DM subjects with dyslipidemia were taken as Group B. All study subjects were briefed about the study and written consent were taken. After taking informed written consent, their BMI was recorded. Fasting samples were collected from each study subject with full aseptic precaution. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting lipid profile, and liver enzymes (ALT, AST and GGT) were measured in Group A and Group B. Categorical variables were expressed as frequency and percentage. Continuous variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Unpaired t-test, chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test and pearson’s correlation coefficient test were used for comparison of means and strength of association, where appropriate. All statistical tests were consideded at 5% level of significance. Results: The biochemical parameters FPG, HbA1c, TC, TG, LDL-C, ALT, GGT were significantly higher in Group B compared to Group A. However, mean value of HDL-C was significantly lower in Group B than Group A. Out of 100 subjects overall 6 (12%) subjects in Group A and 47 (94%) subjects in Group B had at least one or more elevated liver enzymes. ALT and GGT had a significant ......
THE The Application of Liquid Organic Fertilizer from Banana Peels and NPK Phonska on Purple Eggplants (Solanum melongena L.) Production
Authors: Salman Salmita , Sabli T. Edy , Mulyani Sri , Alfiqri Muhammad
Published: June 2024

The study aimed to investigate the impact of the interaction and the main effects of POC from Banana Peel and NPK Phonska on the growth and yield of purple eggplant (Solanum melongena L) plants. A Factorial, Completely Randomized Design was employed, comprising two factors. The first factor involved the concentration of POC from Banana Peel with 4 treatment levels of 9. 159. 309. 450 ml per liter of water, while the second factor was the dose of NPK Phonska with 4 treatment levels of 9. 6.3. 12.6. 18.9 g per plant, resulting in 16 treatment combinations. Each treatment was replicated thrice, yielding a total of 48 experimental units. The parameters under scrutiny included flowering age, harvest age, number of fruits per plant, weight per plant, length, and number of remaining fruits. Data analysis was conducted through analysis of variance followed by an honest significant difference test (HSD) at a 5% significance level. The findings indicated that the interaction between POC from Banana Peel and NPK Phonska significantly influenced flowering age, harvest age, number of fruits per plant, and fruit weight per plant. The optimal treatment was a combination of POC from Banana Peel at 450 ml/l water and NPK Phonska at 18.9 g per plant. Furthermore, the main effect of the POC from Banana Peel dose significantly impacted all observed parameters, with the best treatment being POC from Banana Peel at 450 ml/l water. Similarly, the main effect of NPK Phonska significantly affected all observation parameters, with the most effective treatment being a dose of NPK Phonska at 18.9 g per plant.
Analisa pengaruh consumption value dan pricing terhadap purchase intention pada pembelian virtual item pada game online
Authors: Agustin Isnaini Nuzula , Samuel Yang Songsen
Published: June 2024

In the background of the increasingly widespread game online in all circles, this study aims to determine the effect of consumption value to purchase intention on purchasing virtual items online. This study used a purposive sampling method for distributing questionnaires, obtaining a total of 300 respondents who are online game players. The data analysis method used is Partial Least Square Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The study results show that Social Value, Good Price, Scarcity, and satisfaction have a significant effect on Purchase Intention. These results also confirm the role of satisfaction as a mediation between Social Value, Good Price, and Scarcity to Purchase Intention. This study is expected to be able to contribute to online game managers in their efforts to increase sales of virtual items through analysis of consumer behavior.
Analisa behavioural intention dan use behaviour pada aplikasi game online berbasis mobile phone menggunakan metode UTAUT2
Authors: Juliansyach Ryan Prastama , Christiarini Renny
Published: June 2024

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors of acceptance and use of mobile apps-based online game applications with the Unified Theory Of Acceptance and Use Of Technology 2 (UTAUT2) model method approach.  The number of research data that has been collected in this study amounted to 362 respondents. The distribution of this research questionnaire uses questionnaires such as google forms. Respondents from the questionnaire were smartphone users who played online game applications. The sampling method used is non-probability sampling. This study used quantitative analysis methods. To manage data and test data in this study using the Partial Least Squares (PLS). The results of the research analysis showed that there was a direct relationship between UTAUT2 and Behavioural Intention and Use Behaviour while there was an indirect relationship with Behavioural Intention and Use Behaviour