bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Role Of China In The Petro Political Map Of The 21st Century
Authors: Dieck-Assad Flory Anette
Published: March 2016

This case presents the financial, political, and ethical dilemmas faced by an entrepreneur from London. His company, Shell Company of the Sudan Limited (Shell Sudan), is an indirectly wholly owned subsidiary of Royal Dutch Shell that no longer has operations in Sudan as of December 2008.  Meanwhile, the Chinese National Petroleum Company (CNPC) has increased its exploitation of African oil in Darfur, Sudan.  This paper introduces the reader to the new face that the black gold is giving to Chinese Foreign Trade Policy.  The aim of the paper is to raise the debate about the world leadership that the emerging economy of China will develop during the XXI Century.
Heavy Construction Systems Specialists, Inc. (HCSS)
Authors: Roche Olivier , Shipper Frank
Published: March 2016

Heavy Construction Systems Specialists, Inc. [HCSS] designs and sells hi-tech software to the heavy/highway construction industry. The case describes a unique corporate culture that has made HCSS a business success in a highly competitive industry. The companys employees discuss in detail why they bought into the concept of employee ownership while Mike Rydin, the firms CEO, explains the advantages but also the limits of this very successful business model.
Six Sigma For Sustainability In Multinational Organizations
Authors: AlSagheer Abdullah
Published: March 2016

The Six Sigma model provides various kinds of sustainability to companies in terms of quality enhancement, zero defect level, market share enhancement, optimal production level and financial returns. Multinational companies are more orientated toward implementation of Six Sigma than small scale locally held companies. Numerous larger companies have so far implemented Six Sigma including 3M, Caterpillar, Merrill Lynch, Bank of America, Amazon.com, DHL, SGL group, Dell, Ford Motor Company, DuPont, McGraw Hill Companies and HSBC group. Implementation of Six Sigma requires considerable cost and effort in terms of human resource training and reformulation of business processes. This study is an attempt to find what kind of sustainability motivates multinational companies to invest in Six Sigma. Sustainability identified includes social sustainability, environmental sustainability, and economic sustainability. With the aid of interviews, a constant comparison study is conducted in order to find the most prevalent type of sustainability offered by Six Sigma. A sample is drawn from multinational companies which have already implemented Six Sigma in their operations. The findings suggest that multinational companies implement Six Sigma in order to attain economic sustainability through various means such as market share, customer base, and social sustainability.
Global Financial Crisis And Its Impact On Textile Industry In Pakistan
Authors: Shaikh Faiz. M. , Gopang Nazir Ahmed , Shafiq Kamran
Published: March 2016

This research investigates the impact of Global Financial Crisis on textile industry clusters in Pakistan. A cross sectional data were collected from 25 textile industries by using simple random technique and data were analysis by using E-Views software. Structural questionnaire was the basic tool for measures the performance of textile industry in financial recession in Pakistan. It was revealed that the industry is in urgent need of financial and technological investments. It was revealed that Global financial crisis has negative impact on the export of textile industry in Pakistan. The export of textile related products has decreased by 20 percent due to decrease in textile demand. It was further revealed that textile industry facing problems such as electricity and high taxes.
Micro Enterprises In Inner-City Communities: Current Challenges And Viability
Authors: Sen Arup K.
Published: March 2016

Supporting micro enterprises within inner-city communities is a viable strategy to promote economic development, combat poverty, and alleviate social costs. Some authors suggest that micro entrepreneurship is essential to maintain a healthy economy within low-income communities. This paper is aimed at highlighting the profile and functioning of micro enterprises in inner-city Buffalo, New York with regards to aspects such as size, financial and non-financial assistance, goals and barriers experienced by micro entrepreneurs. Data from an exploratory survey of 100 micro enterprises suggest that micro entrepreneurs encounter several problems that impact negatively on their profitability and viability. The data also suggests that these entrepreneurs are constrained not only by financial factors but also non-controllable factors such as the economy of the city, availability of reliable labor, and insurance requirements. This paper concludes with a brief discussion of the implications of the survey findings for developing strategies to address issues facing micro enterprises in inner-city communities
Standing At The Altar
Authors: Martin Charles L., Jr. , Neil Benjamin
Published: March 2016

This case provides an excellent test of a students basic knowledge of the residential property real estate process as it relates to having a signed buyers agreement, pre-approved financing and potential ethical dilemmas. The case introduces students to the purchase of property using the expertise of a real estate agent. It also highlights the need for a formal contract between the buyer and the realtor as well as the potential pitfalls to the buyer and realtor if a contract is not employed.This case is suited to students taking the first real estate course, those who are taking a course in personal financial planning or those who are preparing to become realtors. After reading and discussing the case, students should have a pragmatic understanding what a realtor brings to the market and why a contractual relationship is necessary for all parties.
The Economic Relevance Of Chief Marketing Officers In Firms Top Management Teams
Authors: Abernathy John , Kubick Tom , Masli Adi
Published: March 2016

Management theory suggests that the presence of the Chief Marketing Officer in the Top Management Team reflects a corporate emphasis on marketing and customer relations. Finance theory suggests that this emphasis should translate into additional shareholder wealth. However, prior research has failed to document such a relationship. Using performance attribution analysis, the authors construct a long-short portfolio that buys (sells) stocks of firms with (without) a Chief Marketing Officer in the Top Management Team and find this investment strategy would have earned risk-adjusted excess returns of approximately 3%. Additional analyses suggest the value of having a Chief Marketing Officer in the Top Management Team manifests primarily among firms with high operating margin, low asset turnover, high profitability, high R&D intensity and high advertising expenses. The authors conclude that having a Chief Marketing Officer in the Top Management Team has a positive impact on shareholder wealth.
Environmental Sustainabilitys Impact On Earnings
Authors: Christoffersen Susan , Frampton G. Creighton , Granitz Elizabeth
Published: March 2016

There is ever increasing social pressure for businesses to adopt sustainable methods of production to minimize environmental impacts. While this may be laudable, businesses have a responsibility to their stakeholders to maximize financial results. These potentially competing objectives are often referred to as part of the triple bottom line. In this paper, we restrict our attention to the original bottom line, Earnings per Share, and the Environmental bottom line of conserving resources. Focusing on the health care sector, we find a clear relationship between EPS and the adoption of sustainable practices. We augment this study with a look at expectations. That is, to what extent are sustainable business practices affecting the financial markets assessment of expected future success v. current financial success? Future expectations could be affected if environmental initiatives signal enlightened leadership or if a business that adopts environmental initiatives is thus well-positioned to face regulatory uncertainty in the future. Either of these management advantages would raise expectations of future success and thus be reflected in higher stock prices today, beyond what is currently captured in earnings ratios.
Expectations Of Incoming MBA Students Implications For Curriculum Development And Program Promotion
Authors: Glynn Joseph G.
Published: March 2016

This work presents the results of five years of survey data designed to assess the attitudes and opinions of newly matriculating MBAs with respect to expectations and choice of program.  In response to market demands and competition for MBA students, a dynamic business environment, and changes in AACSB accreditation standards, it is becoming more important than ever to know about the expectations of MBA students.   It is equally important to understand the issues and program attributes that motivated their choice of graduate business program.
Enhancing Rural Manufacturers Competitiveness Through Design Automation For New Product Development
Authors: McCain Gary , Tennyson Stephen A. , Eggert Rudolph J. , Hatten Steven A.
Published: March 2016

The competitiveness of third world manufacturing has placed pressure on U.S. manufacturers to create new products to survive.  Computer aided solid modeling and rapid prototyping technologies accelerate new product development, but rural manufacturers are often left behind.  This paper describes a cooperative venture between a state university and a federal agency to improve the new product development process of selected rural manufacturers by introducing them to leading-edge design automation technologies. Use of these tools allows better cross-functional communication among top management, marketing, designers, engineers, and manufacturing as they proceed through the new product creation process. Participating companies produced new product options, enhanced employment, and increased revenues.
Competitive Analysis With The Income/Outcome Board
Authors: Hergeth Helmut H.
Published: March 2016

The paper demonstrates the use of the income/outcome™ game board as a competitive analysis tool. Companies in the floor covering industry are displayed and conclusions for competitive strategies are drawn.
Enhancing Business Students International Capabilities Through Global Education Programs
Authors: Baraya Aristides R. , Budden Michael C. , Juban Rusty L.
Published: March 2016

Today, the development of a global vision is the cornerstone that guarantees personal, economic and social development, improves competitiveness, and strengthens democracy. Future business professionals will need to understand international business patterns and cultures in order to successfully work in corporations in either the United States or abroad. One way to achieve these goals is through the use of study abroad programs.  Study abroad programs develop cross-cultural awareness as well as the interpersonal and professional skills necessary to operate in a changing business environment.A common perception of North Americans is that they are in general ethnocentric and resist efforts to internationalize. While this may or may not be true for all those who reside in the United States, it is undeniable that future college graduates require a better education in international business and cross-cultural differences. The Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business International (AACSB) has risen to this challenge by requiring participating schools to include a global perspective in their business education programs. In accordance with AACSB accreditation, colleges and universities must incorporate into their mission a focus on “strong and growing global economic forces” (AACSB Standards for Business Accreditation, 1991). For business schools, this entails covering topics that convey to students the United States’ role in the global environment and understanding economic and cultural dynamics that play a role in transactions between businesses in other countries. Teaching the intricacies of international business law and the difficulties associated with marketing to individuals of a different language cause can lead to a diminished learning environment in traditional classroom settings. In response to AACSB’s charge to improve education on international issues, some schools have stepped out of the classroom and literally moved courses into the global marketplace (Pretzels & Curico, 1996). This paper discusses the rationale for experiential education programs, the benefits of these initiatives to students, and current trends in international study abroad programs.
Do Learning & Teaching Styles Affect Students Performance? An Empirical Study
Authors: Kamuche Felix U.
Published: March 2016

The ways in which students normally obtain, retain, and get back information are defined as the students’ learning style.  Mismatches often occur between the learning styles of students in a Basic Statistics class and the teaching style of the instructor, with adverse effects on the quality of the students’ learning and on their attitudes toward the class and the subject.  The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not congruency of learning and teaching styles improve students’ performance in my Basic Statistics class.
Medical, Scientific And Commercial Uses Of Roentgens X-Rays Today
Authors: Capps III Charles J.
Published: March 2016

This article is an overview of a few current medical, scientific and commercial uses of an early information system, Roentgen’s x-rays.  At the end a conclusion is drawn and recommendations made.
The Relative Status Of Transactional And Transformational Leadership Question Of Balance
Authors: Jones Grant
Published: March 2016

Validation studies tend to give primacy to transformational leadership, but if leadership is focused of issues of sustainability rather than change, then transactional leadership may be accorded greater status.
A Modified Price-Sales Ratio: A Useful Tool For Investors?
Authors: Vruwink David R. , Quirin Jeffrey J. , O'Bryan David
Published: March 2016

This study compares returns for stock portfolios using low price-to-earnings, price-to-book, price-to-sales, and price-to-sales ratios modified for profitability of sales and long-term debt. Non-financial companies with fiscal years ending on December 31 were included in a sample covering a 17-year period (1988-2004). The resulting sample was sub-divided into six groups by level of market capitalization.  A 25 stock portfolio was then compiled for each of six valuation ratios at each level of market capitalization. An index portfolio was also computed for each level of market capitalization.  First, the results of this study showed that additional expected returns based on firm size, measured by the market value of equity, is found only at the micro-cap level (less than $25 million market capitalization). The index portfolios of mini-caps ($25-100 mill.), small caps ($100-500 mill.), and mid-caps ($500-$1 bill.) did not show any additional returns in comparison to the large-cap index portfolio. Second, no "value" portfolio for mid-caps provided significant returns above the index portfolio, suggesting a much greater level of market efficiency at this level of market capitalization.  Finally, the most significant findings of our study were that the portfolios constructed from low price-to-sales and modified price-to sales ratios performed as well or better than the more traditional price-to-earnings and price-to-book ratios. The price-to-sales ratio adjusted for profit margin (based on the prior three years) was statistically significant in three of six portfolios in comparison to the more traditional valuation ratios.
The JGTRRAs Tax Rate Cuts: A Financial Incentive For Tax Planning By Owner/Executives Of Small To Medium Closely Held C-Corporations
Authors: Woodruff Gregg S.
Published: March 2016

The Jobs and Growth Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003 (JGTRRA), creates a financial incentive for the owner/executives of small to medium size closely held corporations to deviate from the Pre-JGTRRA 2002 historical allocations of average taxable corporate income before owner/executive compensation to taxable salary and qualifying dividends.  For purposes of comparison, this paper summarizes the 2002 tax year average taxable corporate incomes before owner/executive compensation for small to medium size closely held corporations, the 2002 average allocations to taxable salary and bonuses or qualifying dividend income and the tax consequences of those allocations.  The 2002 tax year average allocations and tax consequences calculated using the JGTRRA’s tax bases and rate parameters are compared with the results of an iterative numerical search procedure that incorporates the JGTRRA’s tax base and tax rate parameters to mathematically estimate tax-minimizing allocations to owner/executive salary and bonuses versus dividends.  Comparisons of the estimated tax-minimizing allocations’ 2004 (JGTTRA) tax consequences with the 2002 (using JGTTRA) tax year’s average historical allocations’ tax consequences indicate that the JGTRRA has created a financial incentive to deviate from the historical allocations to salary and bonuses versus dividends of the taxable corporate income before owner/executive compensation.  One caveat or constraint to adjusting historical allocations to tax-minimizing allocations would be that the Internal Revenue Service might challenge adjusted allocations as unreasonably low salary compensation that would deprive the treasury of Social Security and Medicare taxes.  Another constraint is that the iterative computations are ceteris paribus for those factors not included in the computational formula.  Specifically this paper does not model for tax deferred contributions to retirement plans and does not model for the impact of the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 and the deduction for qualified U.S. production activities.
CEO Turnover, Equity-Based Compensation And Firms Investment Decisions
Authors: Du Chan , Lin Ting-Ting
Published: March 2016

This paper examines the impact of the newly appointed CEOs on firms future investment decisions and whether the relation is affected by the equity-based compensation, corporate governance provisions and other CEO characteristics. Using CEO turnover data from 1992-2004, the results show that new CEOs with high options-based compensation, following forced turnover and with shorter organization tenure, are associated with high R&D and advertisement investments. These results are consistent with the managerial incentive effect and the dismissal effect.
Factores socioeconómicos y de comportamiento relacionados con caries dental en escolares del distrito de La Molina, Lima, Perú
Authors: Mattos Vela Manuel Antonio
Published: March 2016

El propósito del estudio fue determinar los factores socioeconómicos y de comportamiento relacionados con la historia de caries dental (HCD) en niños de 6 y 12 años de edad de colegios estatales del distrito de La Molina, en Lima, Perú. Se examinó clínicamente una muestrarepresentativa de 257 y 139 niños de 6 y 12 años respectivamente siguiendo los criterios diagnósticos de la OMS para la caries dental. La información sobre los posibles indicadores de riesgo de caries fue recolectada por medio de un cuestionario dirigido a los padres. En los niños de 6 años, la prevalencia de caries fue de 81,7 % con un ceo-d de 4,35, mientras que en los niños de 12 años la prevalencia fue de 92,8% con un CPO-D de 3,86. En el análisis de regresión logística binaria múltiple se encontró que, en los niños de 6 años, únicamente el hábito dehigiene bucal y la valoración de la salud dental estuvieron asociados significativamente con la HCD. En los niños de 12 años ninguno de los factores estudiados mostró significancia estadística. En los niños de 6 años la HCD en dentición decidua fue mayor en aquellos que cepillaban susdientes una vez al día y acudieron al dentista por motivo de urgencia. En los niños de 12 años, ninguno de los factores socioeconómicos y de comportamiento evaluados fue suficiente para identificar los niños con mayor HCD en dentición permanente
Evaluación de definiciones de periodontitis para determinar la asociación entre enfermedad periodontal y bajo peso al nacer. Un estudio de casos y controles
Authors: Alarcón Palacios Marco A. , Proaño de Casalino Doris , Lizárraga Marroquín Christian
Published: March 2016

Existen diversas definiciones de enfermedad periodontal para determinar datos epidemiológicos y factores de riesgo asociados a periodontitis, es así que los resultados de asociación entre periodontitis y parto pretérmino-bajo peso al nacer presentan resultados contradictorios en la literatura actual. En el presente estudio de casos y controles se evaluaron 391 madres que habían dado a luz y se les realizó el diagnóstico de su enfermedad periodontal según tres criterios de diagnóstico, 1: según el nivel de inserción clínica, 2: según criterios dados en el Workshop Europeo del 2005 y 3: según criterios de la Academia Americana de Periodoncia 2007. Los resultados muestran que no existe concordancia entre los 3 diagnósticos clínicos para la definición de caso de enfermedad periodontal, siendo los de mayor valor (kappa: 0,167) las definiciones europea y americana. Se concluye que en ninguna de las 3 definiciones se encontró relación entre parto pretérmino y bajo peso al nacer con enfermedad periodontal. Solamente la edad actúa como un factor de riesgo de presentar enfermedad periodontal con el diagnóstico de la Academia Americana de Periodoncia.
Evaluación del sondaje in vitro con cuatro sondas periodontales manuales, considerando el factor experiencia del examinador Adrianzen-Acurio CA, Coz-Fano MA, Noriega-Castañeda J. Evaluación del sondaje
Authors: Adrianzen Acurio César A. , Coz Fano Miguel A. , Noriega Castañeda Jorge
Published: March 2016

El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar con cuál sonda periodontal se consigue mayor exactitud en el sondaje in vitro teniendo en cuenta el factor experiencia. La muestra estuvoconformada por seis examinadores, tres docentes y tres alumnos del programa de Maestría en Periodoncia de la USMP. Se usaron cuatro sondas: Marquis, OMS, Golman Fox y Carolina del Norte. Se utilizó un Modelo de Periodoncia 2 (PRODENS®) en el que se crearon defectos óseos de diferentes tamaños y opacando la encía que era transparente. Un primer sondaje fue realizado en condiciones extrabucales óptimas. Los valores obtenidos fueron registrados como Patrón de Oro. El modelo se instaló en un simulador OSCAR (KAVO®) con la finalidad de reproducir condiciones clínicas. Cada examinador realizó sondajes en cada una de las piezas en seis puntos,en cuatro sesiones diferentes, con un intervalo de una semana, utilizando una sonda periodontal diferente a la utilizada en la sesión previa e iniciando el procedimiento en regiones bucales distintas. Se aplicaron las pruebas estadísticas: t de Student, ANOVA, de comparciones multiples de Scheffe, kappa y de Wilcoxon. Todas la sondas utilizadas no mostraron diferencia de comportamiento a la hora de registrar las mediciones (p>0,05) sin embargo cuando las evaluamos contrastando con la coincidencia intraoperador comenzamos a encontrar que las sonda Marquis y Carolina del Norte presentaron mejor desempeño (p<0,05). Finalmente se registro buenaconcordancia entre las medidas realizadas por los docentes y los maestrandos (p=0643).
Tratamiento en sala de operaciones de dientes supernumerarios, inclusiones dentarias y quiste dentígero asociado
Authors: Aliaga Del Castillo Rosalinda , Perea Paz Miguel , De La Cruz Sedano Gabriela Silvia , Aliaga Del Castillo Arón
Published: March 2016

Los dientes supernumerarios y las inclusiones de dientes permanentes son muy frecuentes en la infancia. Algunos dientes incluidos pueden estar asociados a la presencia de quistes dentígeros. Reportamos el caso de un paciente de sexo masculino de once años de edad con presencia de tresdientes supernumerarios en el maxilar superior, inclusión dentaria de pieza 11 e inclusión dentaria de pieza 13 con quiste dentígero asociado. El motivo de consulta fue precisamente la falta de las piezas 11 y 13 en boca. Al examen clínico intraoral presentaba: gingivitis generalizadaasociada a placa bacteriana, caries dental, ausencia clínica de piezas 11 y 13, aumento de volumen en palatino a nivel de piezas 11 y 12. Al examen radiográfico se observó que las piezas ausentes en boca se encontraban incluidas y los tres dientes supernumerarios fueron hallazgosradiográficos. El tratamiento quirúrgico se realizó bajo anestesia general. El diagnóstico temprano y tratamiento multidisciplinario fueron de vital importancia.
Efecto antiinflamatorio de la Ephedra americana HYB sobre la encía de cobayos en procedimiento quirúrgico
Authors: Arriola Guillén Luis , Sacsaquispe-Contreras Sonia
Published: March 2016

Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto antiinflamatorio de la Ephedra americana HyB en cirugía gingival en cobayos. Materiales y Métodos: Estudio experimental en 32 cobayos: 16 cobayos a los que se les aplicó el extracto etanólico de la planta (grupo experimental) y 16 el grupo control. Se les realizó incisión tipo media luna en la encía inferior, con desprendimient o del colgajo y se suturó; luego se obtuvieron biopsias excisionales a las 48 horas y a los 7 días para evaluación histopatológica del proceso inflamatorio. El análisis estadístico incluyó pruebas de U de Mann Withney y suma de rangos asignados de Wilcoxon. Resultados: Al comparar el proceso inflamatorio en ambos grupos a las 48 horas hubo diferencia significativa, siendo menos intenso en el grupo experimental. A los 7 días de evaluación, la inflamación fue menor en el grupo experimental y en algunos casos hubo reparación final. La evolución del proceso inflamatorio para ambos grupos, mostró diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p<0,05); sin embargo, fue mejor en el grupo experimental. Conclusión: La aplicación de Ephedra americana HyB en la encía decobayos expuesta al procedimiento quirúrgico, reduce el grado de inflamación y permite que la reparación sea más rápida.
Efecto del tratamiento ortodóncico en los tejidos periodontales: revisión de literatura
Authors: Ceccarelli Calle Juan Francisco , Alania Mallqui Jorge , Alarcón Palacios Marco
Published: March 2016

El tratamiento ortodóncico puede producir una estética dentofacial muy agradable, una oclusión funcional superior. Sin embargo, a lo largo de los años se han reportado resultados contradictorios respecto al efecto del tratamiento ortodóncico sobre los tejidos periodontales. Esta revisión de literatura recolecta la información disponible sobre los efectos clínicos, histológicos, radiológicos y microbiológicos del tratamiento ortodóncico.Palabras clave: ORTODONCIA / PERIODONCIA / APARATOLOGÍA ORTODÓNCICA /HISTOLOGÍA / RADIOLOGÍA / MICROBIOLOGÍA.
Fenotipos periodontales
Authors: Lister Blondet Christian R. , Alarcón Palacios Marco Antonio
Published: March 2016

Esta revisión expone las características de los fenotipos periodontales, ancho y grosor de encía queratinizada, largo de las papilas, proporción del ancho y largo de los incisivos centrales y su repercusión en la forma de los mismos además de su importancia clínica para el tratamiento delas enfermedades periodontales, pronóstico de éxito de los tratamientos quirúrgicos y estéticos.
Guía para la preparación de un Módulo para el Aprendizaje Clínico Intensivo (MACI)
Authors: Beltrán Neira Roberto J. , Ikeda Artacho María Cristina , Guerra Claudio
Published: March 2016

La enseñanza modular para el aprendizaje de la clínica intensiva ha probado ser un método de enseñanza excelente durante los últimos cuarenta años de actividades educativas en la Facultad de Estomatología de la Universidad Peruana CAYETANO HEREDIA, en Lima-Perú. Este artículo discute el proceso que se sigue para la planeación de la enseñanza modular. Cada función odontológica constituye un módulo de aprendizaje integral (Dominios: cognitivo, afectivo, psicomotor y volitivo). Aspectos importantes de la metodología son: enseñanza por equipo de profesores, participación activa del estudiante, práctica mínima en material inerte, demostración clínica y práctica inmediata en pacientes. La duración promedio de cada módulo es de doce horas en un plan continuo de actividades.
Tratamiento para lesiones de furcación Clase I: plastia furcal
Authors: Alania Mallqui Jorge Alberto , Ceccarelli Calle Juan Francisco , Delgado Bravo Miguel
Published: March 2016

Los defectos en furcaciones representan un gran reto para los terapistas debido a sus características anatómicas y a su variabilidad en cuanto a la forma de respuesta al tratamiento. La pérdidade inserción se desarrolla en sentido horizontal o vertical del área. Un amplio rango de modalidades de tratamiento han sido dirigidos a mantener esta área anatómica: debridamiento mecánicono-quirúrgico y quirúrgico, plastia furcal, procedimientos de tunelización, hemisecciones, amputaciones radiculares y tratamiento regenerativos. El propósito del presente reporte de caso es mostrar la eficacia de la plastia furcal como tratamiento para lesiones de furcación Clase I.
Fibromixoma odontogénico con mimetismo radiográfico de lesión ósea maligna. Reporte de caso
Authors: Fernández Diez Sarah Bernardeth , Delgado-Azañero Wilson A , Calderón Ubaqui Víctor , Ventura Ponce Helard , Zuiko Félix Alfredo
Published: March 2016

Se presenta un caso de fibromixoma odontogénico de la mandíbula en un paciente adolescente de 14 años de edad, cuyos cambios radiográficos sugerían osteosarcoma. El análisis y la integración de los datos clínicos con las imágenes de la tomografía axial computarizada fueron clavespara establecer el diagnostico diferencial entre ambas entidades.
Actividad antibacteriana in vitro del extracto etanólico de propóleo de Oxapampa-Perú, sobre cepas de Porphyromonas gingivalis y Fusobacterium nucleatum
Authors: Díaz Suyo Juan A. , Proaño de Casalino Doris
Published: March 2016

En la presente investigación se buscó comparar la actividad antibacteriana in vitro del extracto etanólico de propóleo de Oxapampa, Perú, en concentraciones al 1%, 5% y 10% con gluconato de clorhexidina al 0,2% sobre cepas de Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277 y Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC 25586. La actividad antibacteriana se determinó usando el método de difusiónen el agar. Los halos de inhibición se midieron con un calibrador y fueron anotados en una ficha de registro. Los datos fueron analizados con la prueba t de student para muestras independientes y la prueba de U de Mann Whitney. Los resultados mostraron que no había diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los promedios de los halos de inhibición del extracto etanólico de propóleo al 10% y gluconato de clorhexidina al 0,2% (p=0,63) sobre la cepa de Fusobacterium nucleatum. No hubo diferencia estadísticamente significativa entre los promedios de los halos de inhibición del extracto etanólico de propóleo al 5% y gluconato de clorhexidina al 0,2%(p=0,81) sobre la cepa de Porphyromonas gingivalis. Mientras que el extracto etanólico de propóleo al 10% presentó mayor actividad antibacteriana que el gluconato de clorhexidina al 0,2% (p=0,02) sobre la cepa de Porphyromonas gingivalis. En conclusión, el extracto etanólico de propóleo al 10% es el que presenta mejor efectividad antibacteriana sobre ambas cepas periodontopatógenas cuando se le compara con la gluconato de clorhexidina al 0,2%. El propóleo podría usarse a futuro como posible alternativa para el tratamiento de la enfermedad periodontal, se necesitan para ello más estudios con otras metodologías para confirmar esta posibilidad.
Un nuevo protocolo de medicación intraconducto para dientes con necrosis pulpar y rizogénesis incompleta
Authors: Soares Adriana de Jesus , Lima Thiago Farias Rocha , Lins Fernanda Freitas , Herrera Morante Daniel Rodrigo , Gomes Brenda Paula Figueiredo de Almeida , Souza-Filho Francisco José de
Published: March 2016

El trauma tiene un serio impacto en el desarrollo de la dentición de niños y jóvenes, pudiendo resultar en necrosis del diente permanente joven. El tratamiento más común para los casos de necrosis pulpar en dientes con rizogénesis incompleta es promover la apexificación. Esteartículo presenta el reporte de un caso clínico donde fue utilizada una medicación intraconducto (MIC) compuesta por la asociación de hidróxido de calcio, clorhexidina gel al 2% y óxido de zinc (2:1:2) para promover la formación de tejido calcificado en el ápice de dos dientes acometidos de trauma dental. Al cabo de 9 meses, sin necesidad de cambios en la MIC, fue observada la formación de una barrera apical que permitió la obturación endodóntica definitiva. Este nuevo protocolo de MIC para dientes con rizogénesis incompleta y necrosis pulpar se justifica en la revisión de literatura presentada, la misma que destaca sus beneficios.
Retratamiento endodóntico no quirúrgico
Authors: Jara Chalco Lidia B. , Zubiate Meza Javier A.
Published: March 2016

Actualmente un gran porcentaje de dientes tratados endodonticamente tienen la necesidad de una nueva intervención de conductos radiculares debido a la enfermedad post tratamiento, siendo la opción de retratamiento no quirúrgica la opción más conservadora para preservar la pieza dentaria. Sin embargo, el manejo de estos casos suele ser un reto para el clínico; tanto el diagnóstico, selección de casos, decisiones y técnicas de trabajo, debido a que resulta difícil encontrar la causa del fracaso. Esta revisión de literatura pretende describir el retratamiento no quirúrgico como alternativa para combatir la enfermedad post tratamiento, teniendo una base científi ca que lo respalde, con la fi nalidad de proveer al clínico las herramientas necesarias para poder aumentar al máximo las probabilidades de éxito deeste nuevo tratamiento.
Posición del agujero dentario inferior en la rama ascendente en huesos mandibulares secos de adultos
Authors: Gutierrez-Ventura Fredy , Tataje Vivanco Yarim
Published: March 2016

Objetivos: El presente estudio consistió en observar y definir la ubicación del agujero dentario inferior en la rama ascendente de 53 mandíbulas secas de adultos. Material y métodos: La muestra fue recolectada del laboratorio de anatomía de la Facultad de Estomatología de la UPCH. Se evaluó y midió las distancias del agujero dentaria inferior hacia los bordes limitantes de la rama mandibular, es decir la distancia anterior, posterior, superior e inferior y establecer relación entre las medidas obtenidas de la rama derecha e izquierda. Resultados: Los resultados fueron para la distancia anterior 1.72cm en la rama derecha y 1.68 cm en la rama izquierda; para la distancia posterior 1.40 cm en la rama derecha y 1.39 en la rama izquierda; para la distancia superior 1.77 cm en la rama derecha y 1.74cm en la rama izquierda; para la distancia inferior 2.48cm en la rama derecha y 2.45 cm en la rama izquierda. Conclusiones: Se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas para las distancias anterior, superior e inferior.
Anomalías dentarias de impacto estético en odontopediatría: Características y tratamiento.
Authors: Abanto Jenny , Imparato José C. Pettorossi , Guedes-Pinto Antônio C. , Bönecker Marcelo
Published: March 2016

El desarrollo dentario es un proceso que comienza en la vida intrauterina. Los disturbios de desarrollo en este proceso se presentan como anomalías y pueden afectar ambas denticiones, temporal y permanente, teniendo carácter sistémico, local y/o hereditario. Los profesionales que atienden niños deben reconocer y diferenciar características normales de eventuales anomalías de la cavidad bucal que necesitan ser tratadas. Este artículo ofrece a los profesionales del área odontológica una revisión sobre las principales anomalías dentarias directamente relacionadas con la estética del niño y su respectivo tratamiento, con el objetivo de promover una mejor calidad de vida en estos pacientes.
Scratch, Look & Listen: Improvisation and Digital DJ Interfaces
Authors: Campbell Mark v.
Published: March 2016

Since 2004, digital interfaces have become the dominate mode in which professional hip hop djs perform for their audiences. There are a number of benefits and drawbacks to utilizing digital interfaces, such as increased or decreased abilities to improvise. This essay explores the impacts of digital interfaces on the hip hop djs' abilities to improvise and future trajectories of sonic innovation and creativity.
Interview with Keiko Uenishi (aka o.blaat)
Authors: Masaoka Miya
Published: March 2016

In this interview with fellow Japanese/American sound artist Keiko Uenishi I work outwards from the personal to consider the radical potential of internet-based sound and video improvisation to build community across ethnic and gender lines.
Deconstructin(g) Jazz Improvisation: Derrida and the Law of the Singular Event
Authors: Ramshaw Sara L
Published: March 2016

Taking as its point of departure the improvised jazz-text collaboration between Ornette Coleman and Jacques Derrida at the 1997 Paris La Villette jazz festival, this article critiques the dominant positioning of Western law and jazz as that which is either completely devoid of improvisation (law) or founded solely upon such (jazz). By reading Derrida’s texts on law and justice in tandem with his views on invention, the impromptu nature of improvisation is confronted and its relation to both jazz and law is interrogated. In his work on law and invention, Derrida probes the problematic relation between the singular and the general in order to challenge the supposed uniqueness of invention, along with the universality, which is said to propel occidental law. These observations, when applied to the critical study of improvisation, disrupt the prevailing understanding of the “extempore” and illustrate how improvisation so defined can be neither total in jazz nor totally absent in law. Instead, the singular (extempore) event exists solely as aporia in both fields. This unpacking of the aporetic nature of singularity reveals not only the inevitability of legal invention, but also the necessity of the “jazz form”. Beyond this, however, and perhaps shedding some light on Derrida’s participation in the “improvised” event described above, there exists an openly responsive dimension to the both jazz and law. This dimension, although never complete or absolute, glances towards the singular other and keeps alive the possibility of creativity, ethics, democracy and justice in Western law and society.
The Pedagogical Imperative of Musical Improvisation
Authors: Thomson Scott
Published: March 2016

This essay responds to the twinned questions, "How do musicians learn to improvise?" and "What skills are they learning as they are doing so?" The pedagogical theory that is the outcome essentially redefines improvisation as the enactment of the skills (or attributes) that can only be learned in collaborative performance. From there, I consider relationships between the micrological, performance-based pedagogy of improvisation and the formation of scenes that coalesce within urban locales, using the burgeoning creative music scene in Toronto as an example.
The “Finite” Art of Improvisation: Pedagogy and Power in Jazz Education
Authors: Prouty Kenneth E.
Published: March 2016

Jacques Attali writes that music can serve to “invent categories and dynamics and regenerate social theory” through improvisational practice. Yet the performance practices of which he writes are those based in free improvisation, structurally boundless and relatively non-hierarchical with respect to the relationships between performers. Many improvised genres, however, are not reflective of such a free approach. Do such improvised idioms similarly open up new possibilities for social relationships, or, by the very nature of their stylistic and practical boundaries of what is considered correct or acceptable, actually reinforce existing social orders? In this essay, I explore these arguments within the context of the critical discourse over jazz pedagogy in the institutional context. It is not a critique of jazz pedagogy pre se, but rather, an exploration of how such discourses reflect, generate, and re-generate social interactions that are often deeply affect by power relations between various entities, such as the western art music tradition versus jazz, the educational institution versus the jazz performance community, teacher versus student, administrator versus teacher. All such relationships have affected the manner in which institutionalized jazz pedagogy has developed, and how it is practiced and lived by all involved.
Connective Tissues
Authors: McNeilly Kevin , Smith Julie Dawn
Published: March 2016

This special issue of Critical Studies in Improvisation / Études Critiques en Improvisation on sexuality emerges from academic papers, film and creative work presented at the symposium Comin’ Out Swingin’: Sexualities in Improvisation held at the University of British Columbia in November, 2007. As a set of interventions in the discourses of sexuality, corporeality and aesthetics, these texts approach the complex and fraught terrain of orientation and sexual identity through various lenses and methodologies provided by the practice of musical improvisation.
"The Greatest Jazz Concert Ever:" Pierre Bourdieu and the Shifting Ontology of Bebop
Authors: Laver Mark T
Published: March 2016

On May 15, 1953, Toronto’s Massey Hall played host to what has become widely known in text books and collectors guides as “The Greatest Jazz Concert Ever.” The concert featured iconic bebop musicians Charlie Parker, Dizzy Gillespie, Bud Powell, Charles Mingus, and Max Roach – a stunning assemblage of musicians whom Downbeat Magazine proclaimed to be the “Quintet of the Year.” Curiously, however, the contemporary critical reaction was decidedly lukewarm. According to 1950s Globe and Mail critic Alex Barris, for instance, “All in all, it was neither a great concert nor a bad one.” How, then, has such an apparently pedestrian event come to be known as the “greatest jazz concert ever”?

This paper pursues an answer to that question by drawing on the socially-grounded aesthetic theorization of Pierre Bourdieu to help unpack the complex web of social and textual factors involved in the aesthetic valorization of the bebop. In the first section, I establish the theoretical framework, briefly explaining those elements of Bourdieu’s terminology and theory that are most germane to my study. In the second section, I apply Bourdieu’s concept of consecration to examine how music journalists, critics, and scholars discursively constructed bebop as a high art form. In the third section, I consider the musicians’ own effort to affirm their high art credentials. In the fourth and final section, I interrogate the consequences of the valorization of a primarily black music according to the aesthetic terminology and values of a primarily white establishment.
Celebrating a Jazz Hero: A Symposium on the Role of Fred Anderson in Chicago’s Jazz Legacy
Authors: Steinbeck Paul
Published: March 2016

One of many events held in 2009 to mark Fred Anderson’s eightieth birthday, “Celebrating a Jazz Hero” was co-organized by Lauren Deutsch of the Jazz Institute of Chicago and Michael Orlove of the City of Chicago Department of Cultural Affairs. Six panelists joined Anderson to discuss his life and legacy before an audience at the Chicago Cultural Center. The symposium began with a brief interview of Anderson by panelist Paul Steinbeck.
Twenty-Five in B&W: An Improviser’s Gallery
Authors: Thomson Barry
Published: March 2016

The Toronto-based photographer and jazz aficionado Barry Thomson has been shooting photos documenting the Toronto jazz and improvising scene for years. CSI/ECI is pleased to be able to publish a small selection from his vast archives, including short comments and recollections associated with each photo. At the 2011 Guelph Jazz Festival, Thomson and CSI Co-Editor Daniel Fischlin discussed making at least a small portion of the archive available to the general public. The following gallery hints at the rich stream of superb improvising musicians that have passed through Toronto in the last twenty-seven years or so—the earliest photos in this gallery date back to 1985.
The Act of Improvisation within the work of Tacita Dean
Authors: Sneddon Andrew
Published: March 2016

This paper sets out to explore the practice of Tacita Dean and in particular the exhibition project, 'An Aside', 2005 in order to fully examine the notion of improvisation within visual art practice. Through this exhibition, Dean draws together a number of other artists that at first seem unrelated and made up of diverse objects in a deceptively provocative exhibition.

By conducting a critical analysis of Dean's practice and considering her welcoming of chance, contingency, and chaos, the paper will develop a new understanding and awareness of how sagacity (defined here as "sage-like," or to have the wisdom to recognise something complex) and improvisation co-habit the creative process. By considering Dean's breadth of practice as a case study, we are provided with a number of projects that have initially 'failed,' presenting the artist with an opportunity to improvise.

By bringing together 'Prisoner Pairs' (2008), 'Banewl' (1999) and 'Diamond Ring' (2002), Dean demonstrates the creative impulse and ability to respond to serendipitous discoveries and to allow the unimaginable.

The paper considers the role of sagacity and its ability to be used as a framing device through which the decision-making process of the artist is revealed. Serendipity also appears to have a bearing on the artist's ability to improvise. As Dean has said, "uninvited disappointments which are unbelievably painful at the time become productive in hindsight." Finally, the paper will consider the relationship between sagacity, improvisation, serendipity, and the temporal, which is also a component within the case studies.
Joel Bakan
Authors: Laver An Interview by Mark
Published: March 2016

This interview with author, filmmaker, and professor of law at the University of British Columbia, Dr. Joel Bakan, wrestles with the psychopathic nature of corporations as he and the interviewer, Dr. Mark Laver, work toward locating the positive outcomes improvisational practices may yield in corporate work environments. Aporetic toward optimistic outlooks on the implementation of improvisation in these businesses, Dr. Bakan addresses the legal ramifications that produce an insular conception of investment and responsibility that deters from these idealistic visions. Still, in the midst of these obstacles, the conversation produces potential for a radical improvisation outside of consumerist culture, leading us to see that social change begins at a local level.