bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Programming Perspective of the Membrane Systems
Authors: Ciobanu Gabriel
Published: January 2016

We present an operational semantics of the membrane systems, using an appropriate notion of configurations and sets of inference rules corresponding to the three stages of an evolution step in membrane systems: maximal parallel rewriting step, parallel communication of objects through membranes, and parallel membrane dissolving.
 We define various arithmetical operations over multisets in the framework of membrane systems, indicating their complexity and presenting the membrane systems which implement the arithmetic operations.
 Finally we discuss and compare various sequential and parallel software simulators of the membrane systems, emphasizing their specific features
Descriptive Timed Membrane Petri Nets for Modelling of Parallel Computing
Authors: Guțuleac Emilian
Published: January 2016

In order to capture the compartmentation and behaviour of membrane systems for modelling of parallel computing, we introduce the descriptive dynamic rewriting Descriptive Membrane Timed Petri Nets (DM-nets) that can at in run-time modify their own structure by rewriting some of their descriptive expression components. Furthermore, this descriptive approach facilitates the understanding of complex models and their component-based construction as well as the application of modern computer engineering concepts.
Coalition Formation for Cooperative Information Agent-Based Systems
Authors: Zarour Nacer eddine , Bouzidi Sabrina
Published: January 2016

The communication technology evolution led to an increase of the carried out services’ and tasks’ number. The aim of actual research in the cooperation and particularly the negotiation between agents is to reach a coherent global state of the multiagent system by favoring agents’ synergy. In this paper, we propose a coalition formation-based negotiation model for the task allocation in the cooperative information agent-based systems. In this model, the agent that activates a negotiation seeks partners for achieving a complex task. The way that the partners take part in a coalition is done one by one according to the choice of all the coalition members. This choice is based on a multicriterion analysis. Some obtained experimental results show the suggested model performances.
Interaction of a rotating rigid retaining wall with an unsaturated soil in experiments
Authors: Vo T. , Taiebat H. , Russell A. R.
Published: January 2016

The results of six retaining wall model tests are reported. The model tests consisted of a rigid retaining wall rotating about its toe into unsaturated and dry silty sand samples. For a given moisture content, the net earth pressures normal to the wall were largest in the densest samples. For a given density, the net earth pressures were largest in the samples with the largest suctions. As suction increased so did the soil stiffness, causing rupture surfaces to form and earth pressures to mobilise more rapidly as wall rotation progressed. However, similar rupture surface patterns eventually formed at large rotations whatever the initial suction. The earth pressure profiles and local mobilised earth pressure coefficients at large wall rotations, when interpreted using the effective stress concept, depended on sample density and were independent of suction. Simple functions defining the earth pressure profiles at large rotations are given and may be used to aid retaining wall design in similar soils.
Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis – Relationship between Vitamin D and Interferon β-1b
Authors: Taylor Bruce , Moses Harold , Paul Friedemann , Suarez Gustavo , Rametta Mark ,   Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia,   Vanderbilt University, Nashville, US,   Department of Neurology and NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany,   Global Medical Affairs, Neurology, Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc., US,   US Medical Affairs, Neurology, Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc., Whippany, New Jersey, US
Published: January 2016

There are many reports suggesting an association between vitamin D status and both the development of multiple sclerosis (MS) and its course. This relationship and the effects of vitamin D and interferon β-1b (IFNβ-1b) in the treatment of patients are reviewed in the BEtaferon/ Betaseron in Newly Emerging multiple sclerosis For Initial Treatment (BENEFIT) and the Betaferon/Betaseron Efficacy Yielding Outcomes of a New Dose in multiple sclerosis (BEYOND) studies. In the BENEFIT study the average serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels strongly predicted MS disease activity and progression. The probability of clinically definite MS (CDMS) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) activity was lower in these clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) patients with 25(OH)D levels ≥50 nmol/L and in those starting with IFNβ -1b. Furthermore, there was a beneficial effect on relapse rate, occurrence of new active MRI lesions and disease progression for a 50 nmol/L increase in 25(OH)D levels. Similarly, in relapsing-remitting (RR) MS patients from the BEYOND study serum 25(OH)D levels were inversely associated with MRI markers of MS activity. Genetic analysis of patients from these studies indicated that there may be a benefit in monitoring and managing vitamin D levels in early MS patients treated with IFNβ-1b and a cumulative number of risk alleles predict lower 25(OH)D levels in CIS and RRMS patients. Further studies have suggested that some of the IFNβ-1b therapeutic effects on relapse could be mediated through modulation of vitamin D metabolism. Thus, there seems to be a benefit on clinical and MRI measures if patients are treated with both vitamin D and IFNβ-1b. There is a need to further evaluate this effect in clinical trials. The relationship between vitamin D and MS disease activity along with the effects of vitamin D and IFNβ-1b in the treatment of MS patients is reviewed.
Understanding Multiple Sclerosis Better in 2014 – Environmental Factors, Remyelination, Diagnostic Techniques, Treatment Decisions and the Future Focus of Multiple Sclerosis Treatment
Authors: Efendi Hüsnü , Karabudak Rana , Kantarci Orhun , Siva Aksel ,   Kocaeli University, School of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey,   Hacettepe University, School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey,   Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota, US,   Istanbul University, Cerrahpasa School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
Published: January 2016

Epidemiological factors, such as vitamin D, Epstein–Barr virus, smoking and adolescent obesity, are associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) susceptibility and may be involved in MS aetiology. There is also evidence of gene–environment interactions. Both validated predictive biomarkers and gene-expression data will play a crucial role in future diagnosis of MS and prognosis facilitating early treatment and improving management. Understanding the mode of action of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) should also enhance MS management by identifying the best treatment for different stages of the disease course. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a significant role in both diagnosis and monitoring of patients and is likely to become part of the daily MS practice using standardised protocols and software to increase reproducibility. A future goal of MS treatment is to facilitate neuron repair and remyelination. In this respect, animal models of remyelination could be useful in identifying potential therapies. Diagnosis of radiological syndrome is now simpler, but its management is controversial and it does not always convert to MS. In addition, treatment for progressive MS is problematic as current DMTs are indicated only for relapsingremitting MS. Symptomatic treatment is a neglected aspect of MS management, which is often the main concern of both patients and neurologists. Neurologists need to collaborate in trials and consider repurposed drugs that could provide treatment for these symptoms. The second MS Days meeting provided a valuable platform for these critical topics to be discussed and novel solutions to be considered.
Effects of Safinamide on Motor Complications and Pain in Advancing Parkinson’s Disease – Post Hoc Analyses of Pivotal Trials
Authors: Bonuccelli Ubaldo ,   Neurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
Published: January 2016

Chronic levodopa (l-dopa) treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients is associated with motor complications (fluctuations and dyskinesias), which limit l-dopa efficacy and require drug therapy adjustments. Moreover, patients often experienced many non-motor symptoms, such as pain, which have a major impact on their quality of life. The neuropathology of PD has shown that complex, interconnected neuronal systems, regulated by a number of different neurotransmitters in addition to dopamine, are involved in the aetiology of motor and non-motor symptoms. Safinamide is a water-soluble, orally active aminoamide derivative that modulates dopaminergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission with a new and unique dual mechanism of action. Safinamide has been recently approved by the European Medicines Agency for the treatment of fluctuating PD patients as add-on therapy to l-dopa alone or in combination with other antiparkinson drugs. This article summarises the results of thepost hocanalyses of the long-term efficacy of safinamide on motor complications and pain performed in three pivotal clinical trials.
Resumos de Dissertações de Mestrado em Geologia - IGC/UFMG - 2001 e 2002
Authors: UFMG IGC -
Published: January 2016

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Resumos de Dissertações de Mestrado em Geologia -IGC/UFMG - 2003
Authors: UFMG IGC -
Published: January 2016

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CROSTAS BIOLÓGICAS DE SAPRÓLITOS DA REGIÃO DO QUADRILÁTERO FERRÍFERO, MG: CICLAGEM BIOGEOQUÍMICA E MICROMORFOLÓGICA
Authors: Trindade Elaine de S. , Schaefer Carlos Ernesto G.R. , Abrahão Walter A. P. , Ribeiro Jr Emerson S. , Oliveira Deise M.F. , Teixeira Paulo César
Published: January 2016

The role of biological crusts in nutrient cycling and soil structure genesis in saprolites, in tropicalconditions, is little known. This work reports on the biochemical weathering and structuralreorganization resulting from the biological crusts action in different saprolites of the QuadriláteroFerrífero and neighbor areas, MG. These road exposures were oriented to the south, encompassing adiabase (DB), gneiss (GN), itabirite (IT), schist (XT) and gold-mine spoil-pile from Morro Velho(MV), comprising metasediments of the Rio das Velhas supergroup. There were collected and identifiedcyanobacteria, fungi, lichens and mosses. Based on the biogeochemical study, the exchangeable levelsof K, Mn and Zn were preferably concentrated in the crust. The exchangeable Fe levels were higherin the altered under zone, constituted possibly by secondary Fe-migration and precipitation throughlateral fluxes. There were no clear trend of Ca and Mg distribution, although they were apparentlyconcentrated in the crust in the IT and XT substrates, and in the altered zone in the DB. In MV spoil,the Ca dynamic was affected by sulfide oxidation, following acid drainage. In terms of total levels Mn,Fe, Mg, Cu and Zn were higher in the diabase saprolite, due to its maficity, in a clear contrast with thehost gneiss, represented by the GN saprolite, with low levels of Fe, Mn, Mg and Cu. The richersubstrates (DB, MV e XT) showed a trend of increasing total levels with depth, whilst the nutrientpoor substrates (GN e IT) had higher levels of some elements in the crust, compared with thesaprolito. The micropedological features are notably rich and varied, showed buried micropedogenetichorizons, sapric and histic micro-horizons, micro-stratification, ferruginous zones similar to Fe/Mnmicropans, amongst others. The biological crusts efficiently covered the saprolites, being responsibleto micropedogenetic features and a clear process of biological microstructuration of the exposedsaprolites. This process is capable of altering the moisture balance and erosion dynamic of the slope,with important geomorphological and environmental implications.
FATORES CONTROLADORES DOS PROCESSOS DESNUDACIONAIS GEOQUÍMICOS NO ESPINHAÇO MERIDIONAL (DEPRESSÃO DE GOUVEIA, MG)
Authors: Salgado André Augusto Rodrigues , Valadão Roberto Célio
Published: January 2016

O presente trabalho investiga os fatores controladores dos processos desnudacionais geoquímicos naDepressão de Gouveia e seu entorno (Espinhaço Meridional/MG). Foram utilizadas análises físicoquímicas de águas superficiais coletadas em 21 (vinte e um) pontos de monitoramento, localizados emduas bacias hidrográficas que drenam a área de estudo. A coleta das amostras de água foi realizada emtrês períodos distintos do ano: seco, úmido e semi-úmido. Os parâmetros analisados foram: pH,condutividade elétrica, sólidos totais dissolvidos, sílica, ferro, alumínio, sódio, cálcio, magnésio epotássio. Os resultados obtidos indicam que o arcabouço litoestrutural corresponde à principal variávelambiental capaz de explicar a dinâmica desnudacional geoquímica da área investigada, a qual é seguida,em grau de relevância, pelo débito do canal fluvial amostrado. Os resultados apontam ainda para aocorrência de dois comportamentos desnudacionais geoquímicos distintos: (i) elevadas taxas dedesnudação geoquímica naquelas áreas topograficamente deprimidas que ocupam o piso da Depressãode Gouveia, modelada nos litotipos arqueanos do Complexo Gouveia; (ii) baixas taxas de desnudaçãogeoquímica notadamente nos planaltos que circundam essa depressão, modelados, sobretudo nasunidades quartzíticas do Supergrupo Espinhaço. A evolução geomorfológica da área investigadaapresenta elementos preconizados em algumas teorias que tratam da evolução do modelado continental,embora não seja possível enquadrar, de forma inequívoca e absoluta, a evolução da área investigadaem uma única dessas teorias.ABSTRACTThis paper is a research about the controls factors of chemical denudation process in GouveiasDepression and around (Espinhaço Meridional/MG). The Gouveias Depression is a depression ongranites and a gneissic rock that has in its around the Espinhaço Mountains that is on quartzitesrocks. The research is based in physical-chemical analysis of superficial water. Was checked 21(twenty one) points in two rivers basins that draining this area. The water levy was in three periodsof the year: humid, dry and semi-humid. The physical-chemical analysis was: pH, electric conductivity,total load, Fe, Al, Na, Ca, Mg, K and silica. The results show that the litology and the structure arethe most important environment variables that can explains the denudation dynamic in the area. Insecond place is the water discharge of the rivers. The results show too that has two chemicaldenudations situations in the area:(i) highest in the depression and (ii) lowest in the around. Theareas geomorphologic evolution has elements of many models of relief evolution, however cannotbe explain by only one.
CENTROS PARAMAGNÉTICOS EM ELBAÍTA ROSA NATURAL E IRRADIADA.
Authors: Castañeda Cristiane , Botelho Nilson Francisquini , Krambrock Klaus , Dantas Maria Sylvia , Pedrosa-Soares Antônio Carlos
Published: January 2016

Estudos espectroscópicos em turmalinas rosas naturais e tratadas de Minas Gerais, Brasil, foram feitosusando ressonância paramagnética eletrônica (EPR), detecção óptica da ressonância magnética(ODMR), absorção óptica e espectroscopia Raman. Microanálises indicam que todas as amostras têmcomposições próximas às do membro final elbaíta. O espectro EPR indica a presença de Mn2+.Medidas de absorção óptica mostram três bandas de absorção dominantes centradas a 460, 520 e 680nm, atribuídas às transições ópticas do Mn2+. Diferentes defeitos foram identificados na elbaíta rosapor EPR, como Mn2+, Fe3+, H0 e O- produzidos por g-irradiação. O último é um centro do tipo buracodo tipo O- e mostra interação superhiperfina com dois Al. É considerado como um centro de coramarelo do tipo Al-O-Al. O átomo de hidrogênio H0 é um centro de aprisionamento de elétrons, aopasso que o Fe3+ é um precursor de elétrons. A partir dos dados obtidos após tratamento térmico eirradiação, conclui-se que Mn2+ é o principal centro cromóforo da cor rosa, favorecido por um certo grau de desordem presente na estrutura dessa espécie. A irradiação intensifica a cor rosa pálida,enquanto o aquecimento a 4500C descolore o rosa. ABSTRACT: pectroscopy study of natural and treated pink tourmalines from Minas Gerais, Brazil, using electronparamagnetic resonance (EPR), optical detection of electron paramagnetic resonance (ODEPR),optical absorption and Raman spectroscopy is reported. Electron-microprobe analyses indicate thatall samples are close elbaite end-member. EPR spectra of natural pink elbaite indicate the presence of Mn2+ in to distinct Y site. Optical absorption measurements show three dominant absorption bands centered at 460, 520 and 680 nm in the pink tourmalines, which can be related with opticaltransitions of Mn2+. Different defects have been identified by EPR like Mn2+, Fe3+, H0 and O- producedby g-irradiation in pale pink elbaite. The last one is a hole trap of O- and considered a color center.It shows mainly superhyperfine interaction with two Al nuclei. Atomic hydrogen H0 is as electrontrap whereas the Fe3+ is an electron precursor. From irradiation and heat treatments we conclude thatthe Mn2+ is the precursor of the pink color in elbaites. Irradiation intensifies the pink color whereas heat treatments at about 4500C decolorize the pink tourmaline.
EVOLUÇÃO MORFOLÓGICA E TEXTURAL DE DIAMANTES BASEADA NO MÉTODO DA FOTOGONIOMETRIA.
Authors: Martins Maximiliano , Rakin Vladimir , Petrovsky Vitaly , Karfunkel Joachim , Sukharev Alexander , Filippov Vassily
Published: January 2016

The curvilinear surfaces of 47 diamonds from Macaúbas river basin (MG) were studied on theparabolic goniometer. For the diamond description primary genetic value is given to the form of thecrystal, but the secondary is given to the sculpture of the surface. Crystallographic terms: octahedroid,dodecahedroid, cuboid are usually used for classification of the form of the diamonds. For practicalpurposes this is possible to consider reasonable. To determine the figure of the curve-faced crystal,the main indicator is the position of maximum of intensity of reflected light on the stereographicprojections of crystal, but not angular sizes of the reflex. Curvilinear faces of diamonds suggest theirdissolution processes. The symmetry of crystal shape Oh for such diamonds usually decreases to C2h,C3h or C4h, which explains a crystal rotation at the dissolution according to the P. Curie principle. Thecurvilinear surfaces of the diamond crystals are possible to describe by means of fragments of thesurfaces of triaxial ellipsoid duplicated with symmetry group Oh up to twelve. Ellipsoid have semiaxisA1, A2, A3, numbered in the order of their growth, and well-ordered relatively to the crystalstructure. Axis A2 is always directed along the axis L4, but two other axes are inclined to axis L2 underthe small angle (up to 7 degrees). Angle á defines an appearance of so called “face-seam” on thesurfaces of the diamond. There are 24 curvilinear surfaces formed the dodecahedroid with “faceseams”,as a limiting shape of the diamond dissolution. Ellipsoidal surface of the diamond is thedynamic indicator of stability of the crystal structure of a homoeopolar crystal to the processes ofdissolution and partly detrition. The existence of both a triangular etching pits with the flat bottomon the surfaces (111) and a negative relief of the surface for all directions <110> shows a regenerationprocess of a diamond.
PLUTONISMO SIN- E TARDI/PÓS-COLISIONAL NO BRASILIANO: EXEMPLO DO MACIÇO LAGOA PRETA (MG/ES)
Authors: Vieira Valter Salino , Dussin Tania Mara , Horn Adolf Henrich
Published: January 2016

O Maciço Lagoa Preta (Sudeste do Brasil, Minas Gerais/Espírito Santo) é uma associação de rochas ígnease metaígneas. Estes magmas intrudiram o embasamento gnáissico-migmatítico durante a estruturação doOrógeno Araçuaí-Oeste Congo no Neoproterozóico, um dos muitos orógenos Brasiliano/Pan-Africano quese desenvolveram durante a amalgamação do Oeste Gondwana. O Maciço é composto por dois plutons separados por uma falha direcional de orientação N60-70E. Rochas do Pluton Norte são cumulados gabróicose anortositossem deformação ou metamorfismo. O Pluton Sul é constituído por gabros, charnockito, dioritos e granitos deformados e metamorfizados. Dados geológicos e petrográficos indicam que o Pluton Norte foi intrudido numa fase tardia pós-tectônica enquanto o Pluton Sul tem características sin-tectônicas.Abstract: The Lagoa Preta Massif (Southeast Brazil, Minas Gerais/Espírito Santo), consist of an association of igneousand metaigneous rocks. These magmas intruded gneissic-migmatitic basement during the building of theNeoproterozoic Araçuaí-West Congo Orogen, one of the many Brasiliano/Pan-African orogens that developedduring assembly of West Gondwana. The massif is composed of two plutons separated by a directional faultwith a N60-70E orientation. Rocks from Northern Pluton are gabbroic cumulates and anorthosites, notdeformed nor metamorphosed. The Southern Pluton is constituted by deformed and metamorphosed gabbros,charnockite, diorite and granites. Geological and petrographical data pointed out that the Northern Plutonwas emplaced during a late to post-tectonic phase of the Brasiliano Orogeny while the Southern Plutonmagmas were emplaced on a syn-tectonic one.
A GLACIAÇÃO STURTIANA (~750 MA), A ESTRUTURA DO RIFTE MACAÚBAS-SANTO ONOFRE E A ESTRATIGRAFIA DO GRUPO MACAÚBAS, FAIXA ARAÇUAÍ
Authors: Uhlein Alexandre , Trompette Roland R. , Egydio-Silva Marcos , Vauchez Alan
Published: January 2016

This paper is a contribution to the knowledge of the Sturtian glaciation (~800-750 Ma) and the gravitationalsedimentation of the Macaúbas and Santo Onofre Groups. The primary goal of this paper is: (1) todescribe glaciogenic deposits on the eastern edge of the São Francisco craton; (2) to present stratigraphic,sedimentologic and the tectonic setting of the Macaúbas-Santo Onofre rift. An extensional phase is markedby the intrusion of mafic dike swarms at 1100 – 900 Ma and alkaline rocks (750-670 Ma). The Sturtianglacial event (800-750 Ma), with formation of ice-caps in Rodinia supercontinent, is well exposed in theJequitaí area. Glaciomarine facies developed on the border of the craton grade laterally into debris-flowand turbidites. The Neoproterozoic Macaúbas – Santo Onofre rift evolved into a wide embayment limitedby normal faults and a transfer zone. The sedimentary sequence consists of the diamictites, conglomerates,sandstones,, graywackes, pelites deposited by sediment gravity flows. The Neoproterozoic Macaúbas Grouprepresents rift to drift sedimentation related to the break-up of Rodinia. Macaúbas- Santo Onofre rift isregarded as intracontinental with a limited oceanization located at southern of the basin.
BREVES APONTAMENTOS SOBRE A PROTEÇÃO LEGAL AO PATRIMÔNIO PALEONTOLÓGICO
Authors: Dresch Rafael de Freitas Valle
Published: January 2016

A Revista Geonomos reproduz neste espaço com a autorização da Sociedade Brasileira dePaleontologia a matéria “Breve apontamentos sobre a proteção legal ao patrimônio paleontológico”de autoria do advogado Rafael de Freitas Valle Dresch, publicada no Boletim Paleontologiaem Destaque (Ano 21. n. 56), Boletim Informativo da Sociedade Brasileira de Paleontologia(www.sbpbrasil.org) e que visa informar a legislação que rege a proteção ao patrimônio fossilífero.Nosso principal objetivo é chamar atenção de todos os profissionais que trabalhamem geociências, principalmente, geólogos, biólogos, engenheiros de minas, técnicosem mineração, que os fósseis são patrimônio da União, e, que, portanto não podem, por exemplo,ser comercializados, colecionados em coleções particulares, e, ou, transportados para o exteriorsem autorização do DNPM, bem como tornar público ao conhecimento do maior número de profissionais possível, a legislação que deve ser obedecida quando forem encontrados fósseis em situações como, por exemplo, de trabalhos de campo, mapeamento,entre outros.Dra. Karin Elise Bohns MeyerCPMTC/IGC/UFMG
ENSAIOS DE ALTERAÇÃO ACELERADA PARA AVALIAÇÃO DE SEIS GRANITOS ORNAMENTAIS BRASILEIROS
Authors: Becerra Javier Eduardo Becerra , Costa Antônio Gilberto
Published: January 2016

As rochas ornamentais experimentam processos de deterioração ocasionados pela poluição atmosférica epor sustâncias industriais usadas nos processos de instalação e manutenção, apresentando perda de brilho,alterações da cor original e redução da resistência mecânica. Os ensaios de alteração acelerada junto com osde caracterização tecnológica, realizados a partir de uma amostragem sistemática nos trabalhos de exploração permitem conhecer antecipadamente a resposta destas rochas face à ação do meio ambiente, podendo sepredizer problemas que podem afetar o uso potencial de determinada litologia como rocha ornamental esuas possibilidades de comercialização. Seis variedades de granitos brasileiros foram submetidas a ensaiosde lixiviação estática, lixiviação dinâmica, exposição a vapores de ácido sulfuroso e ensaio de cristalizaçãode sais. Todos estes ensaios simulam os principais agentes físicos e químicos que ocasionam deterioração em rochas aplicadas em revestimentos internos e externos. O grau de microfissuramento e a constituiçãomineralógica foram considerados os fatores petrográficos mais importantes na determinação da alterabilidade.Também foram observadas mudanças nos índices físicos dos granitos mais alteráveis.Palavras-chave: rochas ornamentais, alterabilidade, caracterização tecnológica. ABSTRACT: Dimension stone present deterioration caused by air pollution and some industrial substances used forapplication and maintenance causing loss of brilliance, alterations of original color and reduction of mechanicalresistance. The tests of rapid alteration and technological characterization, carried out on base of a systematicsampling during quarrying, permit to establish with anticipation the behavior of rocks against those reagentsof environmental conditions, predicting problems that may affect the potential use of determined lithologiesas dimension stones and consequently its commerce. Systematic testing of manufactured pieces will increasequality control considerably. Six types of Brazilian granites were submitted to the static lixiviation, expositionto vapors of sulphurous acid and salt crystallization, all of them accelerated alteration tests for simulation ofthe main chemical and physical agents of deterioration in rocks applied in external and internal revetment.The degree of microfracturing and the mineralogical constitution are the most important petrographic factorsof the alterability. A control of technological properties of the materials was also carried out, showing higheralterability of some types.Keywords: Dimension stones, alterability tests, technological characterization.
TITANITE CRYSTAL CHEMISTRY AND U-P ISOTOPIC DATA: A PETROGENETIC INDICATOR FOR PRECAMBRIAN GRANITOID PLUTONS OF THE EASTERN BRAZILIAN SHIELD
Authors: Piuzana Danielle , Castañeda Cristiane , Noce Carlos Maurício , Pedrosa-Soares Antônio Carlos , Silva Luiz Carlos
Published: January 2016

This paper presents crystal chemistry and U-Pb isotopic data for titanite (or sphene, CaTiSiO5) fromPrecambrian granitoid plutons of distinct tectonic settings within the Eastern Brazilian shield. Despite thefact that most titanite ages are related to partial lead-loss, resetting or crystallization during metamorphicevents, chemistry data reflect the magmatic history of the plutons, specially the Ti4+/Al+Fe3+ ratio. It isdemonstrated that for plutons of different crystallization ages (Archean, Paleoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic)the measured Ti4+/Al+Fe3+ ratios of titanite grains are characteristic of the source region from which themagma was extracted, and the ratios remain unchanged during subsequent metamorphic events. HigherTi4+/Al+Fe3+ values (> 9) are found in predominantly mantle-derived granitoid plutons whilst crust-derivedgranitoid rocks have lower ratios. Therefore, titanite crystal chemistry may be used to discriminate magmasources of granitoid rocks regardless their age and metamorphic history.
EVENTOS MUSICAIS CAUSAM IMPACTOS NO MICROCLIMA DE CAVERNAS? AVALIAÇÃO DAS ALTERAÇÕES NA ATMOSFERA SUBTERRÂNEA DA GRUTA MORRO PRETO (PETAR, IPORANGA-SP)
Authors: Lobo Heros Augusto Santos , Perinotto José Alexandre de Jesus , Boggiani Paulo César , Zago Silmara
Published: January 2016

O presente trabalho apresenta os resultados do monitoramento de três parâmetros atmosféricos – temperatura ambiente (T), umidade relativa do ar (UR) e dióxido de carbono (CO2) – aferidos durante um evento musical na gruta Morro Preto, Parque Estadual Turístico do Alto Ribeira – PETAR (Iporanga-SP). A coleta e registro de dados – realizados antes, durante e depois do evento – foi realizada por meio de termohigrômetros com registradores e com sensores infra-vermelhos para CO2. Realizou-se também a contagem de pessoas presentes no dia do evento (247, no total), de forma a relacionar os dados coletados com o total de visitantes. Os dados foram analisados por meio dos seguintes procedimentos estatísticos: descrição, correlação linear e regressão linear múltipla. Os resultados e discussões evidenciam as pequenas alterações atmosféricas ocorridas no ambiente em decorrência do evento, sendo praticamente nulas para T e UR e mínimas para o CO2. Além disso, demonstram que as concentrações de CO2 variam também em função da dinâmica natural do ambiente – com especial destaque para a localização dos pontos de coleta e para a UR. Conclui-se que no caso específico da gruta Morro Preto, eventos musicais não causam impactos ambientais negativos à atmosfera cavernícola em função das características naturais da caverna que possibilitam troca relativamente alta de energia entre o ambiente subterrâneo e meio externo.Palavras-chave: Espeleoturismo; Gás Carbônico; Manejo Espeleológico; Microclima. ABSTRACT: This paper presents the results of the monitoring of three atmospheric parameters –environmental temperature (T), relative air humidity (RH) and carbon dioxide level (CO2) – during a musical event realized in the Cave of Morro Preto, located in the State Touristic Park of the Upper Ribeira River (PETAR) in the district of Iporanga, São Paulo State, Brazil. Termohygrometers with dataloggers (to measure T and RH) and infrared sensors (to measure CO2) were used to collect the data before, during and after the musical event. The number of people present on the day of the event was also determined (247 total) and these data were correlated with the environmental data using descriptive statistics, linear correlation and multiple linear regression. The results show that although small alterations did occur in the environment as a consequence of the event, they were pratically null for T and RH and minimal for the level of CO2. Moreover, the CO2 concentration already varies as a function of the natural dynamics of the environment at the points of data collection. It was therefore concluded that this musical event did not cause negative environmental impacts on this cave, especially since it has a relatively high energy exchange with the external environment.Keywords: Speleoturism; Carbon Dioxide; Speleological Management; Microclimate.
THE OH COMPONENTS IN GARNETS FROM DIFFERENTGEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENTS: P-T AND BULK COMPOSITION CONSTRAINTS
Authors: Piuzana Danielle , Castañeda Cristiane , Eeckhout Sigrid Griet , De Grave Eddy
Published: January 2016

Metamorphic garnet from the Anápolis-Itauçu Complex (AIC), central Brazil, were investigated by electron microprobe analyses and Mössbauer spectroscopy, in order to contribute on their geological history. The data were further extended by magmatic samples from complex and simple pegmatites, as reported by Eeckhout et al. (2002). Three clear chemical tendencies within garnets from AIC rocks were revealed. From Mössbauer spectroscopy data it is obvious that ferrous iron is present at dodecahedral site. Very small amounts of ferric iron at octahedral site of garnet structure are additionally present in garnets from sample of ultra-high temperature (UHT) granulites from AIC, implying slightly oxidizing conditions during this metamorphicevent. In addition, a higher degree of structural disorder has been discerned in these samples.Keywords: Garnet, petrogenetic indicator, hydroxyl, Mössbauer spectroscopy.
MAPEAMENTO GEOLÓGICO DA REGIÃO DE GOUVEIA / MG COM AUXÍLIO DE MÉTODOS GEOFÍSICOS
Authors: Aranha Paulo Roberto Antunes , Pena Rodrigo Macedo , Knauer Luiz Guilherme
Published: January 2016

Na região da cidade de Gouveia, Serra do Espinhaço, Minas Gerais, devido a escassez de afloramentos, foramutilizados métodos geofísicos de cintilometria e Georadar buscando-se desenvolver um critério geofísicona individualização das litologias não-aflorantes presentes na área, mesmo com a presença de milonitos eforte intemperismo. Os dados geofísicos foram analisados separadamente para cada perfil obtido, e um valorem torno de 185 CPS (cintilações por segundo) para rochas do Complexo de Gouveia indeformado e 80CPS para rochas da Formação Barão de Guaicuí pôde ser considerado como guia prospectivo. Ademais, asimagens da subsuperfície puderam mostrar estruturas: falhas, fraturas, presença de colúvios, etc. Nesta áreaforam identificadas quatro unidades lito-estratigráficas principais: (a) Complexo de Gouveia, representadopor granitos s.l; (b) Formação Barão do Guaicuí, representado por quartzo-sericita-xisto típico; (c) FormaçãoGalho do Miguel, representado por espessos pacotes homogêneos de quartzito esbranquiçado puro e fino,e (d) rocha metabásica representada por rochas máficas e maciças de coloração levemente esverdeadas.Destaca-se uma foliação milonítica principal, S1, de atitude dominante 095-085/40 e falhamentos regionaisde orientação geral NW/SE. Nos xistos e granitos esta foliação rotaciona e deforma grãos, podendo aparecertodos os termos miloníticos.ABSTRACT: The Gouveia region, Espinhaço Ridge, Minas Gerais State, is marked by the lack of outcrops, geophysicscintilometry and Ground Penetrating Radar methods were used in order to attach a litostratigraphicindividualization criteria, even with strong milonitization and laterization. These geophysical data wasindividually analyzed and a value of 185 CPS for indeformed Gouveia Complex and 80 CPS for Barão doGuaiuí Formation could be taken as prospect guidance. The radargrams were useful to realize the subsurfacestructure, faults, fractures, and coluvium. In this area four main litostratigraphic units was identified: (a)Gouveia Complex, represented by s.l granites (b) Barão do Guaicuí Formation, formed by typical quartzsericite-schist (c) Galho do Miguel Formation, represented by a thick, white and homogenous layer of quartziteand (d) Basic Igneous rocks, composed by mafic and massive, lightly greenly. A main milonitic foliationoccurs, S1, dipping 095-085/40 as well as regional NW / SE fractures. In the schist and granite, that foliationcauses rotation and deformation of some minerals. Milonitic rocks can also be found.Keywords: georadar, gamma survey, geologic map
OCCURRENCE, ORIGIN AND MINING OF MESOZOIC MANGANESE NODULES IN COSTA RICA, CENTRAL AMERICA
Authors: Gursky Hans-Jürgen , Gursky Monika M. , Sattler Carl-Diedrich , Schmidt-Effing Reinhard , Halbach Peter , Maresch Walter
Published: January 2016

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VALORIZAR E DIVULGAR A GEODIVERSIDADE: ESTRATÉGIAS DO CENTRO DE REFERÊNCIA EM PATRIMÔNIO GEOLÓGICO CRPG - MHNJB/UFMG
Authors: Machado Maria Márcia Magela , Ruchkys Úrsula Azevedo
Published: January 2016

Museu de História Natural e Jardim Botânico (MHNJB) é um órgão suplementar da Universidade Federalde Minas Gerais, direcionado para a investigação científica e atividades de extensão ambiental e cultural,constituindo-se um espaço onde a ciência é exibida e disseminada para o público leigo. O Museu conta comexposições e espaços artístico-culturais relacionados às temáticas de arqueologia pré-histórica e histórica,mineralogia, plantas medicinais, botânica, cartografia histórica e arte ambiental. Com intuito de promoverpráticas extensionistas significativas e pesquisa no âmbito da geologia, foi criado em 2010 o Centro deReferência em Patrimônio Geológico que tem como um de seus objetivos promover a difusão da geologiae da geodiversidade permitindo a sensibilização do público para a geoconservação.ABSTRACT: The Museum of Natural History and Botanical Garden (MHNJB) is a part of the Federal University of MinasGerais - UFMG, and constitutes a space where science is shown and disseminated for a lay public developingscientific research and practical activities of environmental and cultural extension. The Museum counts withexpositions and related artistic-cultural spaces focussing on prehistoric and historical archaeology, mineralogy,medicinal plants, botany, historical cartography and environmental art. With the objective to increase thedissemination of geosciences to those citizens, the Center of Reference in Geological Heritage was createdin 2010 and has as one of its aims promoting geology, geodiversity and geoconservation.
ESTRUTURAS DOBRADAS DO QUADRILÁTERO FERRÍFERO EM PERFIS GEOLÓGICOS DO SÉCULO XIX
Authors: Machado Maria Márcia Magela , Renger Friedrich Ewald , Ruchkys Úrsula Azevedo
Published: January 2016

Na primeira metade do século XIX houve um acréscimo significativo de conhecimento sobre a geologia doQuadrilátero Ferrífero advindo do trabalho de naturalistas-viajantes e de especialistas europeus em exploraçãomineral que empreenderam pesquisas nesta região. Merecem atenção especial, principalmente, os trabalhosde Virgil von Helmreichen e Aimé Pissis pelo cunho prioritariamente geológico. As memórias geológicasde Helmreichen, geólogo e engenheiro de minas austríaco, incluem um perfil não retilíneo entre a cidadedo Rio de Janeiro e o rio Santo Antônio no sertão do São Francisco. Na região do Quadrilátero Ferrífero, odetalhamento do acamamento entre Tejuco e Caeté registra a estrutura dobrada conhecida hoje como Sinclinalde Gandarela. Pissis publicou em 1848 sua Mémoire sur la position géologique des terraines de la partieaustrale du Brésil; entre as pranchas que acompanham a publicação está um perfil geológico de cerca de12km que detalha o acamamento entre o Pico do Itacolomi, ao sul, até a Serra de Antônio Pereira, ao norte. Arepetição das camadas com inversão do mergulho de sul para norte caracteriza claramente o dobramento doAnticlinal de Mariana; um avanço considerável sobre as seções apresentadas por Eschwege em 1811 e 1816. ABSTRACT: During the first half of the 19th century a significant amount of geological knowledge concerning theQuadrilátero Ferrífero was produced by European naturalists and travellers as well as experts in mineralexploration. Among them the work of Virgil von Helmreichen, an Austrian geologist and mining engineer,and the French naturalist Aimé Pissis are of special interest. The memories of Helmreichen include a profilefrom Rio de Janeiro in the South to the Rio Santo Antonio in the interior of the São Francisco river basinto the North, passing over the Quadrilátero Ferrífero. Near Caeté it shows clearly the inversion of the dipof bedding, indicating a folded structure, today known as Gandarela Syncline. Pissis published in 1848 hisMémoire sur la position géologique des terraines de la partie australe du Brésil; one of the accompanyingfigures represents a 12km-section between the Itacolumi Peak in the South and the Serra de Antonio Pereirato the North, which details bedding and dip of rocks. Repetition of strata with inversion of the dip caracterizesclearly the folded structure of the Mariana Anticline, showing both examples a considerable progress comparedwith the sections of von Eschwege from 1811 and 1816.
RESUMOS DAS DISSERTAÇÕES E TESES DEFENDIDAS EM 2010 NO PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM GEOLOGIA DA UFMG
Authors: UFMG IGC -
Published: January 2016

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EVIDÊNCIAS PALEOBOTÂNICAS DE INCÊNDIOS VEGETACIONAIS NO AFLORAMENTO MORRO PAPALÉO, PALEOZÓICO SUPERIOR DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRASIL.
Authors: Jasper André , Manfroi Joseline , Schmidt Elisa Ost , Machado Neli Teresinha Galarce , Konrad Odorico , Uhl Dieter
Published: January 2016

Fragmentos de carvão vegetal macroscópico foram encontrados em um dos níveis fitofossilíferos do Afloramento Morro Papaléo, Paleozóico Superior (Asseliano/Sakmariano) da porção sul da Bacia do Paraná, Brasil. Foram descritos lenhos carbonizados, associados a dois morfotipos gimnospérmicos vinculados provavelmente a Agathoxylon, o que confirma a ocorrência de paleoincêndios vegetacionais nesta área. A deposição dos carvões vegetais macroscópicos se deu de forma autóctone/parautóctone, o que permite inferir que os paleoincêndios vegetacionais atingiram diretamente a turfeira formadora da camada de carvão e que ocorreram durante uma estação marcadamente seca. Correlações com estudos prévios indicam que os eventos tiveram como provável fonte de ignição atividades vulcânicas. A presença de carvão vegetal macroscópico em sedimentos permianos associados a diferentes níveis em localidades distintas, demonstra que incêndios vegetacionais foram comuns nos ambientes formadores dos depósitos do Paleozóico Superior da Bacia do Paraná.Palavras-chave: carvão vegetal macroscópico; paleoincêndios; Gondwana; Permiano Inferior. ABSTRACT: PALEOBOTANICAL EVIDENCE OF WILDFIRES ON THE MORRO PAPALÉO OUTCROP, LATE PALEOZOIC OF RIO GRANDE DO SUL, BRAZIL. Macroscopic charcoal fragments have been discovered in one of the plant-bearing levels from the Morro Papaléo Outcrop, Late Paleozoic (Asselian/Sakmarian) at the southernmost portion of the Paraná Basin, Brazil. Charred wood associated with two gymnospermic (probably Agathoxylon) morphotypes are described, confirming the occurrence of paleowildfires in this area. The macroscopic charcoal was autochthonously/parautochthonously deposited, allowing infers that the paleowildfires reached the mire which originated the coal layer and occurred during a dry season. Correlations with previous studies indicate that the events could maybe be ignited by volcanic activities. The presence of macroscopic charcoal in Permian sediments associated to different levels and localities, demonstrate that paleowildfires were more or less common in the environments associated with the Late Paleozoic deposits of the Paraná Basin.Keywords: macroscopic charcoal; paleowildfires; Gondwana; Lower Permian.
GEOLOGIA INTEGRADA DAS FOLHAS JEQUITAÍ, BOCAIÚVA E MONTES CLAROS (1:100.000), NORTE DE MINAS GERAIS
Authors: Chaves Mario Luiz de Sá Carneiro , Andrade Kerley Wanderson , Benitez Leila
Published: January 2016

No mapeamento geológico (1.100.000) das folhas Jequitaí, Bocaiúva e Montes Claros, executado para a CPRM – Serviço Geológico do Brasil, foram reconhecidas sequências geológicas de idades mesoproterozóica, neopreoterozóica e fanerozóica. As rochas mais antigas (Mesoproterozóico) pertencem ao Supergrupo Espinhaço (indiviso), que aflora na porção sul da região enfocada abrangendo unidades siliciclásticas estruturadas em grandes anticlinais e metamorfizadas em fácies xisto verde. O Grupo Macaúbas (Neoproterozóico) ocorre nas bordas das faixas de exposição do Supergrupo Espinhaço, constituído por quartzitos e metadiamictitos, indivisos no mapa. O Grupo Bambuí (Neoproterozóico tardio) representa a sequência de maior expressão superficial, de natureza pelito-carbonática, onde se reconheceram as formações Serra de Santa Helena, Lagoa do Jacaré e Serra da Saudade, da base para o topo. Na unidade intermediária foram ainda individualizados os horizontes mais potentes de rochas calcárias. Sobrepõem discordantemente a essas três sequências, depósitos cretácicos (formações Abaeté e Urucuia) e fanerozóicos (coberturas inconsolidadas). Em termos estruturais, a região constitui dois domínios: a sudeste e a leste, ocorre a margem oeste da Faixa de Dobramentos Araçuaí, em contato com o Cráton São Francisco, onde rochas do Supergrupo Espinhaço e do Grupo Macaúbas encontram-se empurradas sobre a zona cratônica. Nesse outro domínio, sinclinais e anticlinais suaves expõem principalmente rochas do Grupo Bambuí. Os principais bens minerais explorados na região constituem diamantes, calcário e quartzo.
RETROANÁLISE DE ESCORREGAMENTO DE TALUDE NA ÁREA DE RISCO DO TAQUARIL, BELO HORIZONTE, MG
Authors: Parizzi Maria Giovana , Sobreira Frederico Garcia , Galvão Terezinha Cássia de Brito , Elmiro Marcos Antônio Timbó , Beirigo Elder Antônio
Published: January 2016

A região do Taquaril em Belo Horizonte abriga mais de 30.000 habitantes adensados em uma pequena área de 145,2 ha. Durante períodos chuvosos, mais de 60% dessa área se enquadra nas categorias de alto risco de escorregamento. Um talude representativo da maioria dos taludes presentes na área foi escolhido para a execução de um estudo de retroanálise de sua estabilidade. Foi observado que, as ações antrópicas, associadas às características geológicas desfavoráveis dos terrenos, são as principais causas dos escorregamentos. O terreno caracteriza-se por encostas bem inclinadas, constituídas por filitos e xistos alterados, cobertos por depósitos de tálus e colúvio inconsolidados. Os depósitos de tálus e colúvio retardam a saturação das descontinuidades dos maciços rochosos e o fator de segurança de rupturas planares e em cunha, nestes casos, é superior a um. A retroanálise apontou baixa resistência para os depósitos de encosta. Pequenas taxas de precipitação podem desencadear escorregamentos de menor volume, mas, durante chuvas intensas, as superfícies de ruptura se tornam mais extensas e profundas, geralmente atingindo o contato entre solo e maciço.Palavras-chave: Retroanálise, escorregamentos, Taquaril. ABSTRACT: SLOPE STABILITY BACK ANALYSIS: A CASE STUDY AT TAQUARIL SLUM, BELO HORIZONTE CITY, BRAZIL. Taquaril risk area is located close to Belo Horizonte city, Brazil. Over 60% of this area was evaluated as being prone to landslides. A representative 25 m slope in this area was chosen to perform a retro-analysis of their stability. It has been observed that antropic actions associated with geological and geomorphological characteristics of the area are the main causes of landslides. Steepy inclined slopes composed by weathered phyllites and schists and also by unconsolidated colluvium and talus deposits characterize the terrain. Topography is being modified and heaps of garbage and waste material from constructions are daily thrown along the slopes and drainages, creating piles of waste deposits placed in unstable conditions. Nowadays shallow landslides are more numerous and dangerous than wedge and planar failures of rock mass, which presents low permeability despite the presence of fractures set. Saturation of the rock mass when covered by slope deposits is difficult to occur and, in this case, the safety factor for wedge or planar failure is up to one. Geotechnical analysis has shown low resistance values for slope deposits. Low precipitation rates may causes shallow slide surfaces, but during intense rain these surfaces are deeper, almost enclosing the rock mass contact.Keywords: retro-analysis, landslides, Taquaril