bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic description of Egyptian endemic centipedes, genus Scolopendra Linnaeus, 1758 with a histological study of its venom glands.
Authors: mona mahy Mohammed , Atlam Aalaa Ibrahim
Published: April 2022

Background: Centipedes are widely distributed over all continents. They have important medicinal value and high toxicity, making it to be an interesting subject for evolutionary studies. Due to the lack of recent taxonomic revision in Egypt, this work and for the first study that is giving a fine report on the geographical distribution and morphometric description of Egyptian Scolopendra species.Result: Two Egyptian Scolopendra species were re-described based on fresh material based on a surveillance study in Egypt. Scolopendra canidens Newport.1844 were found in only one location. Scolopendra moristans Linnaeus,1758 was more abundant. Both venomous glands were histochemically investigated. This study is the first comparative report on the histology, and histochemistry of the venom glands of the Egyptian centipede species the glands in both species are mostly made up of columnar secretory cells that are radially arranged side by side and open through pores in a central chitinous duct. Striated muscular fibers envelop each secretory cell. Except for the size of the glands, which is related to the body dimensions of each species, the secretion takes the shape of small PAS-positive granules, suggesting the presence of neutral polysaccharides.Conclusion: According to this surveillance study the most abundant species was Scolopendra moristans Linnaeus,1758. Scolopendra canidens Newport.1844 were found only on the Northwest coast of Egypt. The findings show also that the analyzed species have a lot in common in terms of morphology and fundamental chemical makeup of their venom.
Shear stress activates P2X4 receptor currents via triggering Cx43 hemichannels in atrial myocytes: possible role on atrial adaptation to pressure overload
Authors: Woo Sun-Hee , Kim Joon-Chul , Do Long Nguyen Hoang , Le Qui Anh , Trinh Tran Nguyet , Kim Luong Phuong
Published: April 2022

Increase of afterload induces cardiac hypertrophy leading to contractile failure and dilation. Atria to receive venus return should adapt to such mechanical changes including shear stress. However, the atrial cell responses to shear stress are poorly understood. Recent evidence suggests that atrial myocytes release ATP fast under shear stress via connexin43 (Cx43) hemichannels, which triggers action potentials and Ca2+ waves. We explored cellular mechanism for graded depolarization under shear stress and its implication on atrial pathogenesis during progressive increase in afterload. Using whole-cell patch clamp combined with micro fluid-jet system, we found in rat atrial myocytes that shear stress activates non-selective cation currents (IS,Cs) that were enhanced by zero external Ca2+, but eliminated by La3+, high concentrations of carbenoxolone, anti-Cx43 antibodies, TAT-Gap19 or Cx43 conditional knockout (cKO), suggesting a key role of Cx43 hemichannel. Intracellular calcein fluorescence imaging to assess gap junction hemichannel activity revealed that shear stress induces a calcein efflux from atrial myocytes which was increased by zero external Ca2+ and suppressed by Cx43 hemichannel inhibitions (La3+, Gap19 or Cx43 cKO). The IS,Cs was eliminated by ATP-metabolizing apyrase and suppressed by antagonists of P2 receptors, mainly P2X4 receptor (P2X4R), indicating a role of autocrine P2X4R activation. Furthermore, in a rat model of left atrial (LA) hypertrophy, induced by transverse aortic constriction (TAC) for 5-weeks, IS,Cs and its P2X4R current component, and P2X4R protein level were largely increased with unaltered hemichannel function. In severely dilated left atria following 20-week-TAC, Cx43 hemichannel activity and P2X4R-currents of IS,Cs were attenuated again with lowered protein levels for Cx43 and P2X4R. Cx43 hemichannel-P2X4R signaling could account for increase of atrial excitability under shear stress. Characteristic alterations in this response during progressive pressure overload suggest that it plays a role in atrial compensatory adaptation to hypertension.
GSDMD in the endoplasmic reticulum exacerbates acute pancreatitis through TXNIP/HIF-1α pathway
Authors: Huang Wen , Zhang Cuicui , Niu Hai , Wan Chengyu , Yu Xiuxian , Xin Guang , Zhu Yuda , Wei Zeliang , Li Fan , Wang Yilan , Zhang Kun , Li Shiyi , Dong Yuman , Li Yangying
Published: April 2022

Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) and GSDMD mediate acute pancreatitis (AP), but little is known about their mutual influence in AP. The GSDMD accumulation in ER was firstly found in this study, which caused ERS of acinar cells. GSDMD inhibitor DSF (Disulfiram) notably decreased the expression of GSDMD in ER and TXNIP/HIF-1α signaling. TXNIP inhibitor RES (Resveratrol) significantly inhibited TXNIP/HIF-1α, but not down-regulated the accumulation of GSDMD in ER. The molecular docking study indicated that there was a potential interaction between Drug D (Diosgenin derivative D) and GSDMD. Our results showed that Drug D significantly inhibited necrosis of acinar cells dose dependently, and we also found that Drug D moderated pancreatic necrosis and systemic inflammation with the GSDMD down-accumulation in ER. Furthermore, the level of p-IRE1α (a marker of ERS) was also down-regulated by Drug D in a dose-dependent manner in AP. We also found that Drug D alleviated TXNIP up-regulation and oxidative stress in AP. Moreover, our results revealed that GSDMD−/− mitigated AP by inhibiting TXNIP/HIF-1α. Our study reveals a new pathological mechanism for AP.
Analysis of the concept of nurses’ autonomy in intensive care units: A hybrid model
Authors: Taleghani Fariba , Dehbozorgi Raziye , Babashahi Monire , Monemian Sharife , Masoumi Masoume
Published: April 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the concept of autonomy among ICU nurses in the third populous city in Iran using the hybrid model and to explain the characteristics of this concept.Background: Autonomy is a relatively new concept in Intensive Care Unit nurses, it can have great outcomes for improving cooperation and autonomous performance in healthcare. Nonetheless, lack of theoretical and conceptual clarity for this concept has resulted in an incorrect perception amongst health staff and policymakers.Methods: this study was conducted using Schwartz-Barcott and Kim’s hybrid model including theoretical, field work, and analytical phases and according to COREQ checklist. Results: Based on the results, the antecedents of this concept were powerful human workforce, organizational platform, and the society’s sociocultural platform. Its attributes were professionalism and having personal capabilities. Finally, the consequences included personal competencies, promotion of care quality, improvement of the view towards the profession, and professional outcomes. Conclusion: Nurses’ autonomy in ICUs can facilitate their empowerment that results in the promotion of their care behaviors followed by the improvement of patients’ outcomes and care quality.
A comprehensive analysis of Simple Sequence Repeats in Picornaviruses
Authors: Sahu Basanta Pravas , George Biju , Majee Prativa , Singh Ravi Raj , Mishra Anurag , Tiwari Ritudhwaj , Nayak Debasis
Published: April 2022

Genome-wide identification of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) of Picornaviruses was carried out to investigate type, distribution, and potential role in genome evolution. Investigation on 88 Picornavirus species revealed the presence of 2,488 SSRs and 100 compound SSRs. The relative abundance and relative density of SSR varied between 1.953 bp/kb-5.763 bp/kb and 13.39 bp/kb-45.02 bp/kb, while that of cSSR ranged from 0.108 bp/kb-0.636 bp/kb and 1.36 bp/kb-26.84 bp/kb. Regression analysis revealed a significant correlation of genome size and GC content with the incidence of SSRs. Motif duplication pattern, such as (C)-x-(C), (TG)-x-(TG), etc. and self-complementary motifs, such as (GC)-x-(CG), (TC)-x-(AG), etc. were observed in cSSR. Polymorphism analysis revealed that most of the cSSR were prone to instability, followed by consensus motifs. Finally, recombination analysis revealed that the breakpoints were rich in dinucleotide repeat, especially GT. However, further experimental validation is needed to elucidate the correlation between recombination hotspots and microsatellites.
MicroRNA-588 regulates the invasive, migratory and vasculogenic mimicry-forming abilities of hypoxic glioma cells by targeting ROBO1
Authors: Yu Rui , Zhao Rongrong , Sun Xiaopeng , Zhang Zongpu , Wang Shaobo , Gao Xiao , Sun Zhongzheng , Xue Hao , Li Gang
Published: April 2022

BackgroundGlioma is an intracranial malignancy that is the most challenging tumor to treat. The hypoxic microenvironment is an important factor contributing to tumor development, while the migration, invasion and vasculogenic mimicry (VM) of glioma cells are the main causes of the increasing treatment difficulty.Materials and methodsA microarray was leveraged to identify differentially expressed microRNAs in U251 glioma cells cultured under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. The expression of miR-588 was assessed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Gain- and loss-of-function studies were used to evaluated the role of miR-588 under hypoxic and normoxic conditions. Cell invasive, migratory, proliferation, as well as VM formation experiments were performed. The relationship between miR-588 and ROBO1 was confirmed using western blot and luciferase reporter assays. Intracranial xenograft tumor mouse models were applied to study the function of miR-588 in vivo.ResultsThe expression of miR-588 was obviously upregulated in hypoxic glioma cells in comparison with normoxic glioma cells. miR-588 inhibited the invasive, migratory and VM-forming abilities of glioma cells in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, Roundabout guidance receptor 1 (ROBO1) is a direct, functionally relevant target of miR-588 in glioma. ROBO1 knockdown suppressed the expression of matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2) and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9), thereby inhibiting the invasive, migratory and VM-forming abilities of glioma.ConclusionsMiR-588 regulated the malignant behaviors of hypoxic glioma cells by targeting ROBO1. miR-588 can be used as a prognostic marker for glioma and has potential implications in glioma gene therapy.
Pyruvate kinase M2 promotes hair regeneration by connecting metabolic and Wnt/β- catenin signaling
Authors: Ryu Yeong Chan , Kim You-Rin , Park Jiyeon , Choi Sehee , Ryu Won-Ji , Kim Geon-Uk , Kim Eunhwan , Hwang Yumi , Kim Heejene , Han Gyoonhee , Lee Soung-Hoon , Choi Kang-Yell
Published: April 2022

The hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) utilize glycolytic metabolism during their activation and anagen induction. However, the role of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2), which catalyzes the final step of glycolysis, in hair regeneration has not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the expression pattern and activity of PKM2 during the depilation-induced anagen progression in mice. We found that TEPP-46, a selective activator of PKM2, enhanced hair re-growth and proliferation of HFSCs. PKM2 expression was increased via up-regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling, which is involved in hair regeneration. Moreover, a combined treatment with KY19382, a small molecule that activates the Wnt/β-catenin signaling, and TEPP-46 significantly enhanced hair re-growth and wound-induced hair follicle neogenesis (WIHN). These results indicate that simultaneous activation of the PKM2 and Wnt/β-catenin signaling could be a potential strategy for treating alopecia patients.
Treatment and control of invasive Gram-negative bacterial infection in eight hospitals across sub-Saharan Africa: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Aiken Alexander M. , Nyamwaya Brian , Madrid Lola , Edessa Dumessa , Labi Appiah-Korang , Obeng-Nkrumah Noah , Mwabaya William , Chimenya Mabvuto , Cocker Derek , Iregbu Kenneth C. , Nwajobi-Princewill Philip I. P. , Dramowski Angela , Sonda Tolbert , Mmbaga Blandina Theophil , Ojok David , Fwoloshi Sombo , Scott J. Anthony G. , Whitelaw Andrew , Sisay Mekonnnen , Aliye Jabir , Dankwah Thomas , Osei Mary M. , Mulunda Caroline , Karani Bernard , Feasey Nicholas , Lester Rebecca , Medugu Nubwa , Okonkwo Chinelo H. , Hemedi Asia , Ng'unda Neema , Mutemba Charles , Chirwa Uchizi
Published: April 2022

Background: Bloodstream infections caused by Enterobacterales show high frequency of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in many Low- and Middle-Income Countries. We aimed to describe the variation in circumstances for management of such resistant infections in public-sector hospitals across sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: We gathered data from eight hospitals across sub-Saharan Africa to describe hospital services, infection prevention and antibiotic stewardship activities, using two WHO-generated tools. We collected monthly cross-sectional data on availability of antibiotics in the hospital pharmacies for bloodstream infections caused by Enterobacterales. Results: Hospital circumstances for institutional management of resistant BSI varied markedly. This included self-evaluated infection prevention level (WHO-IPCAF score: median 428, range 155 to 687.5) and antibiotic stewardship activities (WHO stewardship toolkit questions: median 14.5, range 2 to 23). These results did not correlate with national income levels. Across all sites, ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin were the most consistently available antibiotic agents, followed by amoxicillin, co-amoxiclav, gentamicin and co-trimoxazole. There was substantial variation in the availability of some antibiotics, especially carbapenems, amikacin and piperacillin-tazobactam with degree of access linked to national income level. Investigators described out-of-pocket payments for access to additional antibiotics at 7/8 sites. Conclusion: There was wide variation between these African hospitals for a range of important circumstances relating to treatment and control of severe bacterial infections, though these did not all correspond to national income level. Antimicrobial resistant bacterial infections could plausibly show different clinical impacts across sub-Saharan Africa due to this contextual variation. More estimates of the impact of AMR are needed from countries of different income levels to account for these differences.
Multiple valence bands convergence and strong phonon scattering lead to high thermoelectric performance in p-type PbSe
Authors: Zhu Yingcai , Wang Dongyang , Hong Tao , Hu Lei , Ina Toshiaki , Zhan Shaoping , Qin Bingchao , Shi Haonan , Su Lizhong , Gao Xiang , Zhao Li-Dong
Published: April 2022

Thermoelectric generators enable the conversion of waste heat to electricity, which is an effective way to alleviate the global energy crisis. However, the inefficiency of thermoelectric materials is the main obstacle for realizing their widespread applications and thus developing materials with high thermoelectric performance is urgent. Here we show that multiple valence bands and strong phonon scattering can be realized simultaneously in p-type PbSe through the incorporation of AgInSe2. The multiple valleys enable large weighted mobility, indicating enhanced electrical properties. Local structure and microstructure analysis reveal that about 80 percent of Ag and In atoms form AgInSe2 as nano-scale precipitates, which result in strong phonon scattering and thus ultralow lattice thermal conductivity. Consequently, we achieve an exceptional ZT of ~ 2.1 at 873 K in p-type PbSe. Our results demonstrate that a combination of band manipulation and microstructure engineering can be realized by tuning the composition. We expect our findings to be a general strategy for achieving high thermoelectric performance in bulk material, pushing the thermoelectric materials for realistic applications.
Coronamoeba villafranca gen. nov. sp. nov. (Amoebozoa, Dermamoebida) – the first marine amoeba related to Dermamoeba and Paradermamoeba, challenges the correlation of morphology and phylogeny in Amoebozoa
Authors: Kudryavtsev Alexander , Voytinsky Fyodor , Volkova Ekaterina
Published: April 2022

Coronamoeba villafranca gen. nov. sp. nov. is a small amoeba isolated from the surface planktonic biotope in the Bay of Villefranche (Mediterranean Sea). It has a confusing set of morphological and molecular characters. Its locomotive form is subcylindrical and monopodial with monoaxial cytoplasmic flow and occasional hyaline bulging at anterior edge (a monotactic morphotype). Based on this set of characters this amoeba is most similar to the members of the genus Nolandella (Tubulinea, Euamoebida). However, molecular phylogenetic analysis based on the single marker small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene and on two concatenated markers (SSU rRNA gene and actin) robustly places this species in the Discosea, specifically, in a clade with Dermamoeba and Paradermamoeba (Dermamoebida) as the closest relatives. A unique glycocalyx of the studied amoeba consisting of complex separate units with pentagonal symmetry may be considered a unifying character of this species with other dermamoebids. The results obtained favor a hypothesis that the monotactic morphotype that primarily occurs in Tubulinea, but was recently confirmed in other clades of Amoebozoa (e.g. Dactylopodida and Variosea) may be the plesiomorphic mode of amoeboid cell organization in this supergroup. It may reflect basic characters of the cytoskeletal structure and functions in Amoebozoa.
Preventive effect of Artemisia annua extract on schistosomiasis
Authors: Yang Man , Xu Yumei , Sun Jing , Guo Yupeng , Jia Pengfei , Mi Rongsheng , Yan Han , Zhu Chuangang
Published: April 2022

Background: Schistosomiasis is an important zoonotic parasitic disease, which remains a major public concern in worldwide, and its control is mainly dependent on a single drug praziquantel. Artemisia annua is a traditional Chinese medicine mainly used to treat malaria. This study aims to research the preventive effect of traditional Chinese medicine Artemisia annua on the schistosomiasis. Our research use the Artemisia annua extract from the traditional Chinese medicine Artemisia annua as the preventive medicine. Preventive intervention was carried out on experimental mice artificially infected with S. japonicum cercariae to evaluate the medicine preventive effect.Method: Artemisia annua extract is prepared from Artemisia annua by three times extraction at low temperature, then identify and measure the content of artemisinin in the Artemisia annua extract by TLC and HPLC. Experiment animals were divided into four groups: Normal control group, Infection control group, Artemisia annua extract prevention group and Artemisinin prevention group; Experimental mice were artificially and quantitatively infected with S. japonicum cercariae (40±1), Artemisia annua extract and artemisinin are used for prophylaxis 7 days after infection with S. japonicum cercariae, the drug is administered once a week at the dose of 300 mg/kg for four times. The prophylactic effect of the drug was detected 42 days after infection.Results: The extracted Artemisia annua extract contained about 20% artemisinin. Artemisinin and Artemisia annua extract had a very significant worm reduction rate (98.3% and 95.6%) and liver egg reduction rate (100% and 98.4%) on 7 days after infection with cercariae. General observation showed no abnormality, anatomical system observation and pathological sections of organs showed that liver, rectum and spleen were consistent with normal mice, and no pathological changes were found. Also the physiological and biochemical indexes of the host are normal. Above experimental results show that artemisia annua extract and artemisinin can effectively prevent the occurrence and development of schistosomiasis.Conclusion: Artemisia annua extract and artemisinin are excellent drugs, which can effectively prevent schistosomiasis.
Superextreme spiking oscillations and multistability in a memristor based Hindmarsh-Rose neuron model
Authors: Thamilmaran K. , S Dinesh Vijay , A Ishaq Ahamad
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we investigate superextreme spiking (SES) oscillations and multistability in a memristor based Hindmarsh-Rose (HR) neuron model. The bounded chaotic spiking (BCS) oscillations is transit as superexterme spiking (SES) oscillations for a critical membrane input current, which is caused by an interior crisis. The occurrence of very large amplitude spiking oscillations has long tail distribution is characterized by the probability distribution function (PDF). Also, we distinguish the bounded chaotic and superextreme spiking oscillations by using the inter spike interval (ISI) return map. Additionally, we explore the multistability of spikes, for two different initial conditions, is explored by the phase portraits, bifurcation diagrams and maximum Lyapunov exponents. We provide an analog electronic circuit realization of the memristor based HR neuron model, the experimentally observed results shows that our numerical results are in good accord.
Plasticity prediction of expansive soil treated with sand by artificial neural network
Authors: AMRI Salima , BENNABI Abdelkrim , HAMZAOUI Rabah , AKCHICHE Mustapha , SERRAYE Mahmoud
Published: April 2022

Clay soils consist of fine particles and are generally characterized by low strength. The interactions between clays and water result in high-plasticity clay mixtures that can easily deform or crack. It should be noted that the addition of sand to expansive soils can help to improve their particle size and reduce their plasticity, and consequently augment their strength. The present study aims mainly to develop a model for the prediction of the plasticity index (PI) of soil treated with sand, at various contents using the artificial neural network (ANN) method. It was revealed that the ANN technique ensures good prediction accuracy for a large number of parameters related to geotechnical problems. For the purpose of predicting the plasticity index values of sand-treated soils, the results of experimental tests that were conducted on 38 soil samples were collected and thoroughly analyzed. It was decided to consider three inputs, namely the plastic limit, liquid limit, and sand percentage, while there was only one output, i.e. the plasticity index. The results of the analyses conducted in this study indicated that the artificial neural network (ANN) model might be quite efficient in predicting the plasticity index of soils treated with sand. Afterwards, an experimental investigation was carried out on the clayey soil that was brought from the Wilaya (Province) of Medea in Algeria. This soil was treated with dune sand at different percentages, and the results obtained were compared with those predicted by the artificial neural network (ANN) technique.
ShuffleNetv2-YOLOv3: A real-time recognition method of static sign language based on a lightweight network
Authors: Sun Shiniu , Han Lisheng , Wei Jie , Hao Huimin , Huang Jiahai , Xin Wenbin , Zhou Xu , Kang Peng
Published: April 2022

In order to better meet the communication needs of the hearing impaired and the general public, it is of great significance to recognize sign language more quickly and accurately in the embedded platforms and mobile terminals. A sign language recognition method based on the ShuffleNetv2-YOLOv3 lightweight model was proposed. By Using ShuffleNetv2 as the backbone network of the YOLOv3 model, the ShuffleNetv2-YOLOv3 method improved the recognition speed by the lightweight network with the CIoU loss function and more less detection layers; kept the recognition accuracy of similar gestures that were difficult to accurately recognize. Statistical analysis of the self-made sign language images was carried out to evaluate the recognition effectiveness of the model by F1 score and mAP value, and to compare it with YOLOv3-tiny, SSD, Faster-RCNN, MobileNetv2-YOLOv3, and YOLOv4-tiny models, respectively. The experimental results show that the proposed ShuffleNetv2-YOLOv3 model achieved a good balance between the accuracy and speed of gesture detection under the premise of model lightweight. The F1 score and mAP value of the ShuffleNetv2-YOLOv3 model were 99.1% and 98.4%, respectively, and the target detection speed on the GPU can reach 54 frames per second, which is better than other models. The ShuffleNetv2-YOLOv3 sign language recognition method is conducive to quick, real-time, and similar static sign language gesture recognition, which lays a good foundation for real-time dynamic gesture recognition.
The Innovation Index in Europe
Authors: Leogrande Angelo , Laureti Lucio , Costantiello Alberto
Published: April 2022

The following article analyzes the determinants of the innovation index in Europe. The data refer to the European Innovation Scoreboard-EIS of the European Commission for the period between 2010 and 2019 for 36 countries. The data are analyzed using the following econometric techniques: Panel Data with Random Effects, Panel Data with Fixed Effects, Dynamic Panel Data, Pooled OLS, WLS. The results show that the Innovation Index is negatively connected to some variables, among which the most significant are "GDP per capita", "R&D expenditure public sector", "Venture capital", "Tertiary education", and positively connected to some variables among which the most relevant are: "Government procurement of advanced technology products", "Average annual population growth", "Finance and support", "Human resources", "Marketing or organisational innovators", "Linkages". A clustering was then carried out using the unsupervised k-Means algorithm optimized with the Silhouette coefficient which shows the presence of 2 clusters per value of the Innovation Index. Eight machine learning algorithms has been used for prediction with real data. The Tree Ensemble Regression algorithm has been chosen as best performer. A further prediction has been made with the augmented data. The result shows that the best performing algorithm is Linear Regression with an innovation index value predicted to grow by approximately 3.38%.
Optical-processing-enabled Networking: From avant-garde to raison d’être for sustainability in future optical transport network
Authors: Hai Dao Thanh
Published: April 2022

A new architectural paradigm for future optical transport network, namely, optical-processing-enabled networking, is presented. As a major departure from traditional optical-bypass framework, the new paradigm is grounded on the idea of permitting superposition of transitional lightpaths crossing the same intermediate node to produce a more spectrally efficient lightpath bringing about spectral savings and potentially greater energy efficiency. A case study focusing on optical aggregation is provided to highlight how advantageous the proposed architecture is in comparison with the conventional one.
Analyzing the Effects of the Dwelling Characteristics on the Space Heating Costs with Bayesian Networks
Authors: Sevinç Volkan
Published: April 2022

Energy is one of the main concerns of humanity because energy resources are limited and costly. Hence, effective use of energy is important. In order to reduce the costs and to use the energy for space heating effectively, new building materials, techniques and insulations facilities are being developed. Therefore, it is important to know which factors affect the space heating costs. This study aims to introduce the use of Bayesian networks to analyze the effects of dwelling characteristics on the space heating costs. The Bayesian Network model shows that the space heating costs of the dwellings are mostly affected by the heating systems used. The second important factor appears to be the existence of external wall insulation. The third most important factor, however, is the building age. Additionally, dwellings on the ground floors and on the first floors appear to pay the highest space heating costs. On the other hand, dwelling type and facing direction seem not to have a considerable effect on the space heating costs.
Physiological Responses of Adults during Soil-mixing Activities Based on the Presence of Soil Microorganisms: A Metabolomics Approach
Authors: Kim Seon-Ok , Son Su Young , Kim Min Ji , Lee Choong Hwan , Park Sin-Ae
Published: April 2022

Mycobacterium vaccae is a species of nonpathogenic bacterium that lives naturally in soil. This study compared the physiological effects at a metabolomic level with autonomic nervous system responses in adults during soil-mixing activities, based on the presence or absence of M. vaccae in the soil. Twenty-nine adult participants performed soil-mixing activities for 5 minutes using sterilized soil with culture media and M. vaccae, respectively. Blood samples were drawn twice from each participant after each activity. Electroencephalograms and electrocardiograms were measured during the activity. Serum metabolites underwent metabolite profiling by gas chromatography, followed by multivariate analyses. Soil-emitted volatile organic compounds were identified using the solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, followed by multivariate analyses. The volatile compound analysis revealed that the metabolites related to esters and sulfur-containing compounds are greater in soil with M. vaccae. Serum metabolomics revealed that the treatment group (soil inoculated by M. vaccae) possesses relatively higher levels of inter-alia organic and amino acids compared with the control group (soil mixed with culture media). In the treatment group, the electroencephalogram and electrocardiogram revealed that alpha band activity of the occipital lobe increases, while heart rate decreases. This study concludes that M. vaccae soil contact can affect human metabolic and autonomic reactions.
DAMPAK PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP PEREKONOMIAN DAN PERILAKU MASYARAKAT DI SEKITAR WISATA RELIGI MAKAM SUNAN KALIJAGA, DEMAK
Authors: Nisa Kanita Khoirun , Usrah Cut Rizka Al , Saputra Yulianta
Published: April 2022

Abstrak: Penulisan artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak pandemi covid-19 terhadap perilaku masyarakat di sekitar wisata religi makam Sunan Kalijaga. Metode penelitian menggunakan data primer dan sekunder yang didapatkan melalui data BPS (Badan Pusat Statistik) Kabupaten Demak. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar mengalami perubahan pada sektor ekonomi dan perilaku masyarakat. Dalam hal ekonomi membuat pendapatan masyarakat berkurang, karena usaha yang dimiliki mereka di sekitar area makam tidak seramai dulu. Kemudian dalam hal perilaku, masyarakat patuh terhadap himbauan dari pemerintah seperti melakukan WFH, jaga jarak, memakai masker lapis/rangkap dua, dan selalu menggunakan hand sanitazer saat bepergian.
Kata Kunci: Pandemi, Makam Sunan Kalijaga; Perilaku Masyarakat; PPKM
 
Abstract: The purpose of writing this article is to find out the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the behavior of the people around the religious tourism of Sunan Kalijaga Tomb. The research method is through primer and secondary data obtained through BPS data (Central Bureau of Statistics) Demak Regency. This research found that most of the changes in the economic sector and people's behavior. In terms of economy, people's incomes are reduced, because their businesses around the tomb area are not as busy as they used to be. Then in terms of behavior, the community obeys the advice from the government such as doing WFH, keeping a distance, wearing double layer masks, and always using hand sanitizer when traveling.
Keywords: Pandemic; Sunan Kalijaga Grave; Community Behavior; PPKM
PENGEMBANGAN WISATA HALAL DI JAWA TIMUR DENGAN KONSEP SMART TOURISM
Authors: Nisa Fauzatul Laily
Published: April 2022

Abstrak: Wisata“halal di Indonesia memiliki potensi ekonomi yang lebih tinggi sebagai sumber penerimaan APBN. Seperti halnya di Provinsi Jawa Timur, di mana beberapa destinasi wisata di Jawa Timur telah menetapkan program wisata Halal. Sehingga kunjungan wisatawan di Provinsi Jawa Timur terus meningkat, dengan begitu wisata halal memiliki prospek pengembangan yang kuat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi wisata halal dan mengembangkan wisata halal di Jawa Timur melalui konsep smart tourism. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Jawa Timur memiliki jumlah penduduk terbesar kedua di Indonesia setelah Jawa Barat, dengan jumlah pondok pesantren yang lebih banyak dibandingkan Jawa Barat. Beberapa desa wisata di Provinsi Jawa Timur bahkan masuk  dalam nominasi penghargaan yang diselenggarakan oleh Kementerian Pariwisata dan Ekonomi Kreatif. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa potensi wisata desa kerajinan di Jawa Timur sangat besar. Kemudian untuk mengembangkan wisata halal di Jawa Timur dapat menerapkan unsur-unsur pengembangan destinasi yang ramah keluarga, fasilitas dan pelayanan yang ramah muslim, kesadaran halal, dan program lainnya seperti pemasaran destinasi yang dapat distimulasikan dengan pemanfaatan konsep smart tourism yang membangun unsur informativeness, accessibility interactivity, serta personalization untuk wisatawan Muslim.”
Kata Kunci: wisata halal; smart tourism; Jawa Timur
 
Abstract: Halal tourism in Indonesia has a higher economic potential as a source of state budget revenue. As is the case in East Java Province, where several tourist destinations in East Java have established Halal tourism programs. So that tourist visits in East Java Province continue to increase, so halal tourism has strong development prospects.This research aims to identify the potential of halal tourism and develop halal tourism in East Java through the concept of smart tourism. The method used in this study is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The results showed that East Java has the second largest population in Indonesia after West Java, with more boarding schools than West Java.  Several tourist villages in East Java Province were even included in the award nominations organized by the Ministry of Tourism and Creative Economy. This shows that the tourism potential of craft villages in East Java is very large. Then to develop halal tourism in East Java can apply elements of family-friendly destination development, Muslim-friendly facilities and services, halal awareness, and  other programs such as destination marketing that can be stimulated by utilizing the concept of smart tourism that builds elements of informativeness, interactivity accessibility, and personalization for Muslim tourists.
Keywords: halal tourism; smart tourism; Jawa Timur
STUDI KOMPARATIF EKONOMI KREATIF DI DUNIA
Authors: Perdana Putra , Utami Anisa Fitria
Published: April 2022

Abstrak: Paper ini mengulas tentang ekonomi kreatif, yang mulai menjadi sebuah topik, yang dianggap mampu berkontribusi lebih terhadap perekonomian suatu negara dan kawasan. Hal ini ditandai dari berdirinya sektor aktivitas kultural dan industri kreatif yang berjalan beriringan dengan gelombang promosi suatu negara dalam memperkenalkan budayanya, industri kreatif menjadi salah satu sektor yang memungkinkan menjadi identitas khusus dari suatu negara. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi komparatif. Paper ini mengangkat tiga fenomena kasus yang sedang populer di masyarakat dunia yaitu Cool Wave (Jepang), Korean Wave “Hallyu”  (Korea Selatan), dan Creative Europe (Uni Eropa). Studi yang dilakukan menunjukkan bahwa masing-masing gebrakan yang dilakukan memiliki setidaknya: keamanan dari kacamata pencipta yang diatur dalam hak cipta dan potensi sektor tersebut untuk lebih berkembang kedepan.
Kata Kunci: cool wave, hallyu, creative europe, aktivitas kultural, industri kreatif
 
Abstract:. This paper reviews how the creative economy has started to become a topic that is considered capable of contributing more to the economy of a country and region. Starting from the establishment of the cultural activity sector and the creative industry that goes hand in hand with a wave of promotion of a country in introducing its culture, the creative industry is one sector that allows it to become a special identity of a country. The method used in this research is a comparative study, where this paper raises three cases phenomena that are currently popular in the world community: the Cool Wave (Japan), the Korean Wave "Hallyu" (South Korea), and Creative Europe (European Union). The studies showed that each of the breakthroughs carried out has at least: security from the creators perspective regulated in copyright and also the potential for the sector to develop further in the future.
Keywords: cool wave, hallyu, creative europe, cultural activities, creative industries
Protocol ALL-IC BFM 2002: Outcomes of Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treatment under Multi-Center Clinical Trial
Authors: Valiev Timur Teimurazovich , Shervashidze M.A. , Osipova I.V. , Burlutskaya T.I. , Popova N.A. , Osmulskaya N.S. , Aleskerova G.A. , Sabantsev S.L. , Gordeeva Z.S. , Smirnov V.Yu. , Poberezhnaya O.A. , Yuldasheva S.N. , Babich I.A. , Batmanova N.A. , Varfolomeeva S.R.
Published: April 2022

Background. Programs of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) treatment, developed by the BFM (Berlin-Frankfurt -Munster) Group in 2002, remain one the most effective in the world. Long-term (10-15 years) overall survival in ALL children is above 90 %. Great progress in ALL treatment provided ground for including the ALL-IC BFM 2002 protocol into the Clinical Guidelines in 2020 (ID: 529). Aim. To present the outcomes of ALL treatment in children according to ALL-IC BFM 2002 under the multi-center clinical trial. Materials & Methods. From 01.11.2003 to 12.10.2021 the multi-center retrospective-prospective trial included 433 patients with newly diagnosed ALL, aged between 3 months and 21 years. The patients were aged from 0 to 12 (n = 344), from 12 to 18 (n = 70), and older than 18 years (n = 19). All of them were treated with ALL-IC BFM 2002. Overall (OS), disease-free (DFS), and event-free (EFS) survivals were estimated as of 01.12.2021. Results. In the vast majority of patients (97.9 %, n = 424) complete clinical hematological remission was reached by Day 33 of the ALL-IC BFM 2002 treatment. The 10-year OS was 91.8 ± 1.5 %, DFS was 87.4 ± 1.8 %, and EFS was 84.1 ± 1.9 %. The 10-year OS in the groups of standard- and intermediate-risk patients was 92.8 ± 1.7 % and 94.6 ± 2.6 %, respectively, whereas in high-risk ALL relapse patients it was 71.1 ± 11.1 %. Conclusion. The ALL-IC BFM 2002 protocol for treating pediatric ALL is reproducible in federal and regional clinics. The outcomes of the ALL-IC BFM 2002 treatment appeared to be impressive. They are comparable to those achieved in leading European and American clinics. To improve survival of high-risk patients, additional stratifying criteria are required, one of which should be the assessment of minimal residual disease (MRD). MRD detection became a basis for prognostic risk stratification under ALL-IC BFM 2009, the results of which will be presented in 2022-2023.
ROR-1 Expression in the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Minimal Residual Disease in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Authors: Pochtar Evgenii Vladimirovich , Lugovskaya S.A. , Naumova E.V. , Dmitrieva E.A. , Dolgov V.V.
Published: April 2022

Background. In view of similar morphological and phenotypic characteristics of some B-cell lymphoproliferative diseases and despite the known phenotype of tumor cells, a search is currently underway for new diagnostic markers, the expression of which remains stable during chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) treatment and can be used for both diagnosis and assessment of residual tumor population. One of such markers is ROR-1. Aim. To assess the expression and feasibility of the ROR-1 marker using В-lymphocytes in minimal residual disease (MRD) dynamics and monitoring in CLL. Materials & Methods. Hematological and immunophenotypic analyses were performed in 110 CLL patients (50 of them with newly diagnosed disease and 60 on therapy). In addition to that, 20 patients with reactive lymphocytosis and 32 donors were examined. The ROR-1 expression in В-lym-phocytes were measured with FACS Canto II flow cytometer using the following monoclonal antibody panel: CD45, CD19, CD20, and ROR-1. Results. The analysis showed that ROR-1 is essentially not expressed in normal and reactive В-lymphocytes and is detected in 100 % of CLL tumor cells both at disease onset and on therapy. The ROR-1 expression does not change during CLL treatment and can be used not only for CLL diagnosis but also for detection of MRD. Bone marrow aspirates (п = 64) and peripheral blood samples (п = 6) were analysed for MRD assessment by two methods: according to the standardized protocol, recommended by ERIC (European Research Initiative on CLL) in 2007, with FACS Canto II flow cytometer (BD Biosciences) and using DuraClone RE CLB Tube (Beckman Coulter) with Navious flow cytometer (Beckman Coulter).
Pharmacoeconomic Analysis of CAR-T Cell Therapy in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and B-Lineage Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemias
Authors: Gribkova Irina Vladimirovna , Zavyalov A.A.
Published: April 2022

Genetically modified Т-lymphocytes with chimeric antigen receptors (CAR-T cells) represent a new treatment strategy in relapsed/refractory B-cell malignant neoplasms. In 20172018 two CAR-T cell drugs, tisagenlecleucel and axicabtagene ciloleucel, were approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) for clinical use in patients with refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia and relapsed/refractory B-cell lymphomas. Due to its high efficacy, CAR-T cell therapy is increasingly becoming an integral part of clinical practice. However, this method of chemotherapy is very expensive. The mean cost of tisagenlecleucel is $475,000 and that of axicabtagene ciloleucel is $373,000. It is worth noting that these are only the drug prices which exclude other therapy-related costs. In the studies of 2018-2020 groups of researchers attempted to estimate the CAR-T cell therapy-associated costs. The aim of the present review is to analyze these studies and to assess the total treatment cost and expense structure, as well as to discuss the factors underlying the increasing costs and to explore opportunities to improve availability of the CAR-T technology, on the whole. The results showed that the mean cost of tisagenlecleucel therapy in B-cell lymphoma was $515,150 and that of axicabtagene ciloleucel therapy was $503,955. The treatment cost in acute lymphoblastic leukemia was $580,459. The major factors affecting the total therapy cost were CAR-T cell drug prices, severity of adverse events, and high tumor load prior to CAR-T cell drug infusion. It is agreed that the main opportunities to rise affordability of the CAR-T cell therapy lie in reducing the drug prices (for example, by means of medical facility-based production at its own expense), further therapy improvement aimed at less toxicity, and its implementation at earlier stages of tumor disease.
PYELONEPHRITE XANTHOGRANULOMATEUSE CHEZ UN HEMODIALYSE CHRONIQUE: A PROPOS DUN CAS
Authors: Hallak M. , Montasser D. , Elkabbaj D.
Published: April 2022

Xanthogranulomatouspyelonephritis (PXG) is a rare, severe, subacute or chronic suppurative processcharacterized by the destruction and replacement of renalparenchyma by granulomatous tissue. Its occurrence in achronicdialysis patient is a rare and poorlydescribed complication. We report herea case of xanthogranulomatouspyelonephritis in a chronichemodialysis patient, emphasizing diagnostic pitfalls and therapeutic management.
COMPLIANCE WITH TRAFFIC RULES AMONG PEDESTRIANS
Authors:   Cagayan State University-Gonzaga Campus Gonzaga, Cagayan, 3513 Philippines., B. Pinera Jomel
Published: April 2022

Each year, more than 270 000 pedestrians lose their lives in traffic accidents. Traffic accidents occur for various reasons like inadequate traffic facilities and failure to obey traffic regulations, among others. This study determined the extent of compliance of the pedestrians with traffic rules and assessed whether a significant difference in their extent of compliance when grouped according to profile exists. The purpose of the study is to generate information to improve pedestrian safety. The study uses a descriptive and correlation research design. The findings indicate that the pedestrians are compliant with the traffic rules such as yielding the right of way to emergency vehicles and vehicles passing upon a highway but moderately comply with the use of pedestrian lanes and shoulder road while walking along the streets, and the observance in the use of loading and unloading zones. The findings also indicate that no significant difference exists in their extent of compliance with traffic rules when grouped according to their profile. It is concluded that the pedestrians are submissive to the traffic rules, but their failure to fully obey the regulations on using only the shoulder road, pedestrian crossing lanes, and the loading and unloading zones served as the primary cause of their involvement in road accidents.
MUNGBEAN SPROUT PRODUCTION IN CALABARZON REGION, PHILIPPINES
Authors:   College of Agriculture, Laguna State Polytechnic University, Siniloan, Laguna, Philippines., Ma. Cecilia C. Gatbonton , Cornelio R. Molon ,   College of Agriculture, Laguna State Polytechnic University, Siniloan, Laguna, Philippines., Robert C. Agatep ,   College of Agriculture, Laguna State Polytechnic University, Siniloan, Laguna, Philippines., Lolita L. Beato ,   College of Agriculture, Laguna State Polytechnic University, Siniloan, Laguna, Philippines.
Published: April 2022

The mungbean sprout industry plays a significant role in strengthening microenterprise development and in ensuring food and nutritional security in the Philippines. A survey was conducted in order to generate relevant information towards the identification of appropriate initiatives for the advancement of the industry. Twenty-one mungbean sprout producers were identified and interviewed. Results show that majority of the respondents, who have an average age of 51 years, indicate that mungbean sprout production is their primary source of income and they have been in the business for no less than 10 years. Their knowledge on mungbean sprout production was just based on experience. Most of the producers were not able to go beyond secondary education and all have not attended any seminar on sprout production. Aside from family members, most of the producers hire laborers to be involved in the production cycle. The volume of production ranges from 1.5 to 300 kilograms of mungbean seeds per cycle. All of the producers are using the small, yellow mungbean seed variety which is being marketed mostly by the Filipino-Chinese traders. The demand, but not the price, for sprouts is being influenced by the season of the year, increase in the prices of local vegetables, and the customs and traditions of the people. The major problems of the mungbean sprout producers are the high price of imported mungbean seeds, spoilage of sprouts due to poor mungbean seed quality and contamination, and the imminent competition with the Filipino-Chinese traders who also control the supply and prices of imported mungbean seeds. It is recommended that the mungbean sprout producers must be organized and be extended with appropriate trainings and assistance by concerned agencies and entities in order to improve their status and productivity. Likewise, an intensive local production program on high quality mungbean seeds should be initiated to lessen the dependence upon imported varieties.