bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Simulation of blue and green water resources in the Wei River basin, China
Authors: Xu Z. , Zuo D.
Published: January 2015

Abstract. The Wei River is the largest tributary of the Yellow River in China and it is suffering from water scarcity and water pollution. In order to quantify the amount of water resources in the study area, a hydrological modelling approach was applied by using SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool), calibrated and validated with SUFI-2 (Sequential Uncertainty Fitting program) based on river discharge in the Wei River basin (WRB). Sensitivity and uncertainty analyses were also performed to improve the model performance. Water resources components of blue water flow, green water flow and green water storage were estimated at the HRU (Hydrological Response Unit) scales. Water resources in HRUs were also aggregated to sub-basins, river catchments, and then city/region scales for further analysis. The results showed that most parts of the WRB experienced a decrease in blue water resources between the 1960s and 2000s, with a minimum value in the 1990s. The decrease is particularly significant in the most southern part of the WRB (Guanzhong Plain), one of the most important grain production basements in China. Variations of green water flow and green water storage were relatively small on the spatial and temporal dimensions. This study provides strategic information for optimal utilization of water resources and planning of cultivating seasons in the Wei River basin.
Classical Karst hydrodynamics: a shared aquifer within Italy and Slovenia
Authors: Zini L. , Calligaris C. , Zavagno E.
Published: January 2015

Abstract. The classical Karst transboundary aquifer is a limestone plateau of 750 km2 that extends from Brkini hills in Slovenia to Isonzo River in Italy. For 20 years, and especially in the last two years, the Mathematic and Geosciences Department of Trieste University has run a monitoring project in order to better understand the groundwater hydrodynamics and the relation between the fracture and conduit systems. A total of 14 water points, including caves, springs and piezometers are monitored and temperature, water level and EC data are recorded. Two sectors are highlighted: the southeastern sector mainly influenced by the sinking of the Reka River, and a northwestern sector connected to the influent character of the Isonzo River. Water table fluctuations are significant, with risings of > 100 m. During floods most of the circuits are under pressure, and only a comparative analysis of water levels, temperature and EC permits a precise evaluation of the water transit times in fractured and/or karstified volumes.
Water management and productivity in planted forests
Authors: Nettles J. E.
Published: January 2015

Abstract. As climate variability endangers water security in many parts of the world, maximizing the carbon balance of plantation forestry is of global importance. High plant water use efficiency is generally associated with lower plant productivity, so an explicit balance in resources is necessary to optimize water yield and tree growth. This balance requires predicting plant water use under different soil, climate, and planting conditions, as well as a mechanism to account for trade-offs in ecosystem services. Several strategies for reducing the water use of forests have been published but there is little research tying these to operational forestry. Using data from silvicultural and biofuel feedstock research in pine plantation ownership in the southeastern USA, proposed water management tools were evaluated against known treatment responses to estimate water yield, forest productivity, and economic outcomes. Ecosystem impacts were considered qualitatively and related to water use metrics. This work is an attempt to measure and compare important variables to make sound decisions about plantations and water use.
Where does blue water go in the semi-arid area of northern China under changing environments?
Authors: Ren L. , Yuan F. , Yong B. , Jiang S. , Yang X. , Gong L. , Ma M. , Liu Y. , Shen H.
Published: January 2015

Abstract. River flow regimes in the semi-arid region of northern China show a decreasing trend in terms of quantity. River runoff (i.e. blue water) reduction within the Laohahe catchment, the source area of the Liaohe River basin, manifests the aridity that exists widely in northern China. According to the water balance equation, during the past half-century, observed streamflow records in the Laohahe catchment show that blue water was re-directed to green water flow (i.e. evapotranspiration) over annual and decadal time scales, whereas precipitation did not vary much. Human activities and land-use/land-cover changes are the fundamental reasons for such runoff change. In the studied catchment, extensive land reclamation for agriculture, water withdrawal from streams, and abstraction from aquifers for irrigation are the direct and main causes leading to the decrease in observed blue water. These factors further demonstrate that a land-use decision is also a decision about water. Therefore, there is a need for an integrated modelling framework to intrinsically link climate, hydrological, and agricultural models with social and economic analyses.
CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKER VERAPAMIL STIMULATES OVULATION AND INDUCES FETAL REABSORPTION IN RATS
Authors: VILELA-GOULART MARIA DAS GRAÇAS , BASTOS-RAMOS WILMA P. , DA ROCHA ROSILENE FERNANDES , RANALI JOSÉ
Published: January 2015

Os bloqueadores dos canais de cálcio são largamente utilizados em distúrbios cardiovasculares, usualmente em tratamentos prolongados, ocasionalmente em mulheres grávidas. Foram estudados os efeitos do verapamil sobre a implantação uterina, a reabsorção fetal e os níveis de cálcio, fosfato e proteínas totais plasmáticos de mães e filhotes. Foram utilizadas 75 ratas fêmeas Wistar, com qualidade controlada. Os animais tratados foram divididos em dois grupos: o primeiro recebeu verapamil na dose 2,4 mg/rato/dia de e o segundo, 24 mg/rato/dia. A droga foi administrado na água de beber durante 10 semanas: 7 semanas antes do acasalamento e 3 semanas durante a gestação, sendo a operação cesariana realizada ao 21º dia. Por ocasião da cesariana, foram tomadas amostras de sangue das mães e filhotes. O verapamil, na dose mais elevada, causou diminuição dos níveis plasmáticos de cálcio e fosfato nas mães a par de diminuir o peso corpóreo dos filhotes. Os níveis séricos de cálcio, fosfato e proteínas foram comparáveis nos filhotes dos grupos controle e tratado. Contudo, foram significativamente mais baixos em todos os filhotes, em comparação com as respectivas mães. Os resultados mostraram que o verapamil estimulou a ovulação, aumentando o número de implantações uterinas, enquanto induziu morte fetal precoce e reabsorção fetal. Abstract Calcium channel blockers are widely used in cardiovascular diseases, usually in long-term treatments, occasionally in pregnant women. The effects of verapamil were studied on uterine implantation, fetal reabsorption and mothers and offsprings plasmatic levels of calcium, phosphate and total protein. Seventy-five quality-controlled female Wistar rats were used. The drug-treated animals were divided in two groups: the first received verapamil in doses of 2.4 mg/rat/day and the second, doses of 24 mg/rat/day. The drug was administered by means of the drinking water for 10 weeks: 7 weeks before mating and 3 weeks during pregnancy; cesarean surgery was performed on the 21st. day. On the occasion of the cesarean, mothers and newborns blood samples were taken. Verapamil, in the higher dose, caused a lowering of plasmatic calcium and phosphate in mothers and reduced body weight in offspring. In the young, plasmatic calcium, phosphate and total proteins were comparable in verapamil treated and control. However, these values were significantly lower in newborn of treated and control groups, as compared to their respective mothers. Results show that verapamil stimulated ovulation, increasing the uterine implantation but induced early fetal death and reabsorption.
RENDIMENTO DE CARCAÇAS EM LINHAGENS COMERCIAIS DE FRANGOS DE CORTE
Authors: FLEMMING JOSÉ SIDNEY , JANZEN STEPHAN A. , ENDO MÁRCIA AKENI
Published: January 2015

O presente trabalho de pesquisa visou básicamente o estudo do rendimento de partes da carcaça com e sem ossos entre as cinco linhagens de frango de corte mais utilizadas hoje no Brasil (Ross Cobb, Hubbard, Arbor Acres e Isa Vedette) com o intuito de identificar a linhagem de maior potencial de rendimento assegurando suas vantagens em relação às outras linhagens comerciais de frango de corte. O experimento foi conduzido na Cooperativa Agrícola Consolata Ltda. (COPACOL), sendo constituído por 5 tratamentos, com 4 repetições, sendo que cada repetição continha 160 aves. Os tratamentos foram dispostos em T1 (Ross), T2 (Cobb), T3 (Hubbard), T4 (Arbor Acres), T5 (Isa Vedette); a ração comercial foi a de uso normal na integração avícola. Foram analisados ganho de peso, consumo de ração, conversão alimentar, peso de carcaça, viabilidade do lote e índice de eficiência. A linhagem Ross mostrou-se superior às demais com resultados significativamente melhores (P < 0,10), a segunda melhor linhagem testada foi a Cobb sendo inferior apenas à Ross. As linhagens Hubbard, Arbor Acres e Isa Vedette praticamente não apresentaram diferenças entre si, sendo que a Isa e Arbor Acres são as que apresentaram uma tendência a piores resultados. Abstract The main purpose of this research was to identify the best lineage of poultry among the main ones currently used today in Brazil (Ross, Cobb, Hubbard, Arbor Acres, Isa Vedette) in terms of quality of the carcass and of the bone removed parts. The experiment was carried out at Cooperativa Agrícola Consolata Ltda. (COPACOL). Five groups of 160 broilers each, with four repetitions of the same experimental conditions, were assembled. The groups were disposed as T1 (Ross), T2 (Cobb), T3 (Hubbard), T4 (Arbor Acres), and T5 (Isa Vedette). Commercial ration was used throughout the experiment. Weight gain, ration consumption, food conversion, carcass weight, viability and efficiencies were recorded and analyzed. Ross lineage showed to be superior in regard to the other ones, with significant results (p < 0.10), followed by Cobb and Hubbard lineages, the two latter ones showing no differences among them, while Isa Vedette and Arbor Acres, show a tendency for less satisfactory results.
RAÇÃO DE FARELO DE SOJA E DE FARELO INTEGRAL EXTRUSADA E DIFERENTES NÍVEIS DE SUBSTITUIÇÃO DO MILHO POR TITRICALE NA ALIMENTAÇÃO ANIMAL. II. DESEMPENHO NO CRESCIMENTO E NA TERMINAÇÃO DE SUÍNOS
Authors: FEDALTO LUIZ MÁRIO , TULESKI GIOVANA LAÍS RUVIARO , WARPECHOSKI MARSON BRUCK , RIEKES CLARICE
Published: January 2015

Foram avaliadas duas fontes de proteína, farelo de soja e soja integral extrusada, e 5 níveis de substituição (0, 25, 50, 75 e 100%) do milho pelo triticale, em rações para suínos em crescimento e terminação. Considerando-se o período total, ganho de peso e consumo diários de ração foram menores (P0,05) entre os níveis. Conclui-se que, corrigindo-se a energia, a substituição total do milho por triticale é viável. Abstract Rations containing two sources of proteins, soybean meal and extruded soy seeds, and 5 levels (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 %) of substitution of the corn by triticale were evaluated in experiments performed to study the growing and finishing behavior of swines. Extruded soy been seeds diet showed the lower average gain weight and feed consumption (p < 0.05) in the total period of the experiment. Corn substitution at 0 and 50% displayed a higher slaughter weight in spite of the fact that the feed efficiency was not different between these levels (p < 0.05). It may be concluded that by introducing a correction in the diets energy values, the substitution of maize by triticale is viable.
EFEITO DA RESTRIÇÃO ALIMENTAR QUANTITATIVA SOBRE O DESEMPENHO E AS CARACTERÍSTICAS DA CARCAÇA DE SUÍNOS EM TERMINAÇÃO
Authors: WARPECHOWSKI MARSON BRUCK , FEDALTO LUIZ MARIO , GUARESCHI NETO ABEL RICIERI , BEDIN SILVIA REGINA
Published: January 2015

Neste experimento foi investigado o efeito da restrição alimentar quantitativa sobre o desempenho e a qualidade da carcaça de suínos em terminação. A restrição alimentar, na razão de 7 % (T2), 14 % (T3) e 21 % (T4) do consumo à vontade (T1), diminuiu linearmente o ganho de peso diário e a espessura de toucinho, e aumentou linearmente a idade de abate (P < 0,05), enquanto o peso e o rendimento de carcaça foram afetados de forma quadrática e a percentagem de pernil na carcaça aumentou linearmente conforme se diminuía a quantidade de ração fornecida (P < 0,05). Abstract The effect of quantitative feed restriction upon the performance and carcass characteristics of the finished pigs was investigated. It was observed a linear reduction in the daily weight gain and backfat and linear increasing in the slaughtery age (P
URINARY EXCRETION OF UREA, URIC ACID AND AMMONIA IN PYGOSCELLIDAE PENGUINS
Authors: RODRIGUES EDSON , CARVALHO CLEONI SANTOS , SALVO LÍGIA MARIA , BACILA METRY
Published: January 2015

Foi conduzido um estudo sobre os níveis de excreção urinária de produtos finais do metabolismo nitrogenado em 29 pingüins Pygoscellidae: Pygoscellis antarctica, n = 2; P. adeliae, n = 16, e P. papua, n = 11. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, verificou-se que apesar dessas aves excretarem ácido úrico como principal produto final do seu metabolismo nitrogenado, os altos níveis de uréia sangüínea que exibem bem como o fato de possuírem uma arginase hepática de alta afinidade, comparável com aquela do fígado de mamíferos utilizados como animais de laboratório, podem ser considerados como evidências da atividade ureogênica exibida por elas. Abstract In order to carry out further studies on the nitrogen metabolism in Antarctic birds, a study has been carried out on the levels of nitrogenous excretory products in the urine of 29 Pygoscellidae penguins: Pygoscellis antarctica, n = 2; P. adeliae, n = 16, and P. papua, n = 11. According to the results of the present experiment, it has been found that in spite of the fact that those birds excrete uric acid as the main final product of the nitrogen metabolism, the high levels of blood urea displayed by them as well as the fact that they possess an hepatic arginase of high affinity, comparable to the liver arginase from laboratory mammals, may be considered as evidences of the ureogenic activity displayed by them.
ANTI-ULCER ACTIVITY FROM THE LEAVES OF Bryophyllum sp.
Authors: PEREZ ANDREA C. , CORREA MARILAINE F. , BORGES SILVIA R.
Published: January 2015

Foi estudado o efeito protetor anti-úlcera, por ingestão oral de um extrato etanólico de folhas de Bryophyllum spp, em modelo experimental de úlcera induzida por indometacina. Abstract Anti-ulcer protective properties of an ethanol extract of Bryophyllum spp leaves were assayed in an animal model indomethacin induced gastric ulcer.
A risk analysis framework for forest pest management
Authors: Nealis V.G.
Published: January 2015

A risk analysis framework comprised of assessment, response and communication elements is discussed in the context of forest pest management in Canada. Despite many shared pests and common issues in resource management, capacity in forest pest management varies greatly by jurisdictions depending on historical, socio-economic and cultural expectations. Research and operational expertise is separated among jurisdictions as is responsibility for native and alien pests. A risk analysis framework provides a structure for the development of common evidence-based analysis, harmonized responses and best practices. Two case studies: mountain pine beetle, a native insect, and gypsy moth, an alien invasive insect, are presented to illustrate the process.
Evaluation of forest management strategies based on Triad zoning
Authors: Ward Chris , Erdle Thom
Published: January 2015

Triad forest management was analyzed for a New Brunswick Crown License. Fifteen forest value indicators were used to describe social, economic, and environmental outcomes from forecast Triad scenarios, including 36 scenarios where reserves and intensively managed area varied in 5% increments from 10% to 35%. Some indicators were most sensitive to intensive area (e.g., silviculture cost), other to reserve area (e.g., area containing large snags), and still others to extensive area (e.g., average harvest levels). Some indicators averaged arithmetically, and could be kept constant if increases in reserves were accompanied by equal increases in intensive area. Such averaging for timber supply is often a selling point made by Triad advocates. Indeed, many different scenarios generated the same annual harvest when averaged over the 100-year forecast time horizon; however, immediate reductions in operable timber inventory resulting from reserve increases caused short-term harvest reductions, while future gains in yield from intensive area increases caused long-term harvest increases. This timing offset between losses and gains of operable volume, and its effect on harvest timing, may be impediments to Triad implementation in jurisdictions where timber supply is fully utilized. This analysis presents methods and results that may be of value to forest managers contemplating implementation of Triad zoning.
Growth of planted jack pine (Pinus banksiana) and natural regeneration ten years after pre- and post-harvest spraying and partial cutting in an Ontario boreal mixedwood forest
Authors: Man Rongzhou , MacDonald G. Blake
Published: January 2015

The conventional plantation approach to regenerating jack pine (Pinus banksiana) after harvesting maximizes pine growth but may reduce wood quality. In this study we examined growth of planted jack pine and natural regeneration after herbicide spraying and partial cutting treatments on a boreal mixedwood site in northeastern Ontario. Treatments were pre-harvest aerial spray, post-harvest ground spray in strips (partial spray), partial cut, and post-harvest aerial broadcast spray; an untreated reference stand was used for comparison. Pre-harvest spray was as effective as partial cutting and post-harvest broadcast spray in suppressing trembling aspen regeneration and providing adequate light for survival and growth of planted jack pine. Ten years after planting, mortality and growth of pines in the pre-harvest treatment were comparable to those in the partial and broadcast spray treatments. Due to vigorous growth of broadleaf species [mostly red maple; (Acer rubrum)], and shade from the residual overstory, jack pine was smallest in the partial cut treatment; however, based on branch size, branch-free stem length and stem taper, wood quality was highest in this treatment. Considering factors important to forest managers such as growth and quality of planted jack pine, treatment costs, and proportion of the harvested blocks allocated to conifer production, the preferred treatment was pre-harvest spray.
Análise do nível de reservas internacionais dos países emergentes de 2000 a 2010
Authors: Gollo Romário de Souza , Triches Divanildo
Published: January 2015

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar o nível das reservas internacionais dos países do Mercosul e BRIC no período de 2000 a 2010, levando-se em conta o papel da reservas em reduzir a probabilidade de ocorrência de crises e para proporcionar credibilidade. Ao longo dos últimos 20 anos, as economias aumentaram de forma acelerada seus estoques de reservas internacionais. As reservas globais, que eram de aproximadamente um trilhão de dólares em 1990, passaram para dois trilhões de dólares em 2000 e em 2010, o volume das reservas mundiais foi de 9,7 trilhões de dólares. Este processo também pode ser observado nos países do Mercosul e BRICs, principalmente nos últimos cinco anos, onde o estoque de reservas passou de aproximadamente US$ 1,2 trilhão no fim de 2005, para US$ 4,2 trilhões no fim de 2010.. O resultado obtido, por meio dos índices de coberturas das reservas internacionais em relação à dívida externa de curto prazo e das importações, indica que volumes maiores de reservas, são relevantes para reduzir o custo e a probabilidade de crises. Ademais, verificou-se que os níveis de reservas acumulados pela maioria dos países emergentes analisados, estão acima do nível considerado ótimo. Por conseguinte, elevados estoques de reservas internacionais implicam em gastos desnecessários de recursos para sua manutenção, ainda que possam ser justificados, parcialmente, pelos benefícios que proporcionam. Para o caso brasileiro, o custo de carregamento das reservas internacionais entre 2004 e 2010 foi de R$ 26,8 bilhões ao ano.
Water Demand Offset Policies in the United States
Authors: Christiansen William
Published: January 2015

With rising water demands caused by a growing population and increasing development, water demand offset policies help ensure that new construction does not result in an increase in overall service area demands.
Todo fluye. Renovarse y crecer.
Authors: Egea Vivancos Alejandro , Arias Ferrer Laura , Botí Hernández Juan Jesús , Sáez Giménez David Omar
Published: January 2015

Renovarse o morir. Renovarse y crecer. Estamos muy orgullosos de poder decir alto y claro que la revista Panta Rei vuelve a entrar en movimiento. Y aunque lo hace con una filosofía en lo esencial exactamente igual a sus inicios, cuando fue concebida hacia el año 1993 entre los murosde las aulas de la Facultad de Letras de la Universidad de Murcia, ahora reaparece completamente renovada. En el prólogo del primer volumen de la revista se anhelaba que esta fuera como un río de preguntas y estímulos, empleando esta figura metafórica como imagen del devenir y del cambio. No obstante, el río en el que nos sumergimos ahora es distinto, más amplio y ambicioso, abierto a millones de personas que son capaces de acceder al conocimiento con un simple movimiento de ratón. Como decía Heráclito “todo se mueve y nada permanece” y, comparando los seres con la corriente de un río, añade: “no podrías sumergirte dos veces en el mismo río”
II Congreso Internacional de Educación Patrimonial.
Authors: Martínez Gil Tania
Published: January 2015

Durante los días 28 a 31 del pasado mes de octubre, el Museo del Traje de Madrid acogió el II Congreso Internacional de Educación Patrimonial bajo el lema “Reflexionar desde las experiencias. Una visión complementaria entre España, Francia y Brasil”. Esta segunda edición toma el relevo del primer encuentro celebrado con éxito en 2012 y que puso las bases para la redacción del Plan Nacional de Educación y Patrimonio. Organizado por el Observatorio de Educación Patrimonial de España (OEPE) y el Instituto del Patrimonio Cultural de España (IPCE); a ellos, como novedad de esta segunda edición, hay que añadir la Universidad René Descartes Paris V, el laboratorio IRSA de la Université Paul Valéry Montpellier III, la Universidade Federal de Goiás y la Fundación Memorial de la América Latina de Sao Paulo. Cabe destacar, también, que ambas ediciones han contado con doscientos cincuenta profesionales del mundo de la investigación, de las instituciones culturales, de la educación y del sector de la empresa privada; todos ellos, ponentes, comunicantes e asistentes pusieron de manifiesto su interés y compromiso por la educación patrimonial.

Durante los días 28 a 31 del pasado mes de octubre, el Museo del Traje de Madrid acogió el II Congreso Internacional de Educación Patrimonial bajo el lema “Reflexionar desde las experiencias. Una visión complementaria entre España, Francia y Brasil”. Esta segunda edición toma el relevo del primer encuentro celebrado con éxito en 2012 y que puso las bases para la redacción del Plan Nacional de Educación y Patrimonio. Organizado por el Observatorio de Educación Patrimonial de España (OEPE) y el Instituto del Patrimonio Cultural de España (IPCE); a ellos, como novedad de esta segunda edición, hay que añadir la Universidad René Descartes Paris V, el laboratorio IRSA de la Université Paul Valéry Montpellier III, la Universidade Federal de Goiás y la Fundación Memorial de la América Latina de Sao Paulo. Cabe destacar, también, que ambas ediciones han contado con doscientos cincuenta profesionales del mundo de la investigación, de las instituciones culturales, de la educación y del sector de la empresa privada; todos ellos, ponentes, comunicantes e asistentes pusieron de manifiesto su interés y compromiso por la educación patrimonial.
Ruiz-Gálvez Pliego, M. (2013). Con el fenicio en los talones. Los inicios de la Edad del Hierro en la cuenca del Mediterrámeo. Barcelona: Editorial Bellaterra. 377 págs.
Authors: Sánchez Mondéjar Celso
Published: January 2015

El último libro publicado por Marisa Ruíz-Gálvez, profesora titular de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid desde 1989, trata en profundidad el contexto histórico que posibilitó el desarrollo y expansión de la denominada cultura fenicia. Un interesante ejercicio motivado por la necesidad de mantener actualizada su asignatura de “Protohistoria del Mediterráneo”. Este libro nace, en palabras de la autora, de las inquietudes de sus alumnos y de la necesidad de sistematizar una bibliografía que cambia de año en año.

El último libro publicado por Marisa Ruíz-Gálvez, profesora titular de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid desde 1989, trata en profundidad el contexto histórico que posibilitó el desarrollo y expansión de la denominada cultura fenicia. Un interesante ejercicio motivado por la necesidad de mantener actualizada su asignatura de “Protohistoria del Mediterráneo”. Este libro nace, en palabras de la autora, de las inquietudes de sus alumnos y de la necesidad de sistematizar una bibliografía que cambia de año en año.
Arte y expresión en el pensamiento de E. H. Gombrich.
Authors: Castiñeyra Fernández Patricia
Published: January 2015

El siguiente trabajo hace un recorrido a través de las principales ideas que el gran historiador del arte, E. H. Gombrich, ha creado sobre la teoría de la expresión artística. Teniendo siempre en cuenta la formación e influencias de este autor, entre las que se encuentran la Escuela de Viena, Karl Popper o Ernst Kris, reuniremos las ideas que encontramos dispersas entre sus diversas obras y artículos que tienen que ver con la representación de las emociones o la percepción de la expresión. Su teoría estará basada en las “Cuatro Teorías de la Expresión Artística”, especialmente en la cuarta, que está ideada por él mismo y es un punto intermedio entre las anteriores, donde el artista se convierte en el protagonista.

The following work looks through the main ideas that the great art historian, Ernst H. Gombrich created about the theory of artistic expression. Having always in mind his formation and influences, as the School of Vienna, Karl Popper and Ernst Kris, we will gather the ideas scattered among several of his books and articles in relation to the representation of emotions or the reception of the expression. His theory is based on the so-called “Four Theories of Artistic Expression”, particularly in the fourth one, which had been created by himself and that is a middle point between the three previous ones, where the artist becomes the main character of the art and the artistic expression.
Análisis de la actividad didáctica del Museo de Arte Ibérico El Cigarralejo (Mula, Murcia).
Authors: García Toral Julio
Published: January 2015

En el presente trabajo se ha llevado a cabo un análisis de las actividades y materiales didácticos producidos en el Museo de Arte Ibérico El Cigarralejo (Mula, Murcia). Identificados los materiales destinados a los niveles curriculares de la Educación Secundaria el objetivo ha sido establecer una radiografía de estos materiales y determinar su pertinencia educadora para el nivel educativo en cuestión y su grado de cumplimiento y seguimiento del curriculum. Todo ello se ha planteado con el fin de sistematizar la labor didáctica de El Cigarralejo y asentar un trabajo que permita en el futuro aportar nuevos planteamientos a la constante y prolífica acción didáctica de El Cigarralejo.

On the present essay, it has been made an analysis of educational activities and materialsmade at El Cigarralejo museum during the last years, from which some conclusions have been proposed. The said analysis of materials has been made in order to obtain a study about what has been carried through at the museum in order to tell apart the educational materials from the ones designed for dissemination, and to tell the former apart from the ones designed for the first Compulsory Secondary Education year. From that classification of materials, it has been developed an in-depth analysis in order to get virtues, skills, and potential improvement.
Quadrilateral mesh fitting that preserves sharp features based on multi-normals for Laplacian energy
Authors: Imai Yusuke , Hiraoka Hiroyuki , Kawaharada Hiroshi
Published: January 2015

Because the cost of performance testing using actual products is expensive, manufacturers use lower-cost computer-aided design simulations for this function. In this paper, we propose using hexahedral meshes, which are more accurate than tetrahedral meshes, for finite element analysis. We propose automatic hexahedral mesh generation with sharp features to precisely represent the corresponding features of a target shape. Our hexahedral mesh is generated using a voxel-based algorithm. In our previous works, we fit the surface of the voxels to the target surface using Laplacian energy minimization. We used normal vectors in the fitting to preserve sharp features. However, this method could not represent concave sharp features precisely. In this proposal, we improve our previous Laplacian energy minimization by adding a term that depends on multi-normal vectors instead of using normal vectors. Furthermore, we accentuate a convex/concave surface subset to represent concave sharp features.
Direct construction of a four-dimensional mesh model from a three-dimensional object with continuous rigid body movement
Authors: Otomo Ikuru , Onosato Masahiko , Tanaka Fumiki
Published: January 2015

In the field of design and manufacturing, there are many problems with managing dynamic states of three-dimensional (3D) objects. In order to solve these problems, the four-dimensional (4D) mesh model and its modeling system have been proposed. The 4D mesh model is defined as a 4D object model that is bounded by tetrahedral cells, and can represent spatio-temporal changes of a 3D object continuously. The 4D mesh model helps to solve dynamic problems of 3D models as geometric problems. However, the construction of the 4D mesh model is limited on the time-series 3D voxel data based method. This method is memory-hogging and requires much computing time. In this research, we propose a new method of constructing the 4D mesh model that derives from the 3D mesh model with continuous rigid body movement. This method is realized by making a swept shape of a 3D mesh model in the fourth dimension and its tetrahe-dralization. Here, the rigid body movement is a screwed movement, which is a combination of translational and rotational movement.
Multicriteria shape design of a sheet contour in stamping
Authors: Oujebbour Fatima-Zahra , Habbal Abderrahmane , Ellaia Rachid , Zhao Ziheng
Published: January 2015

One of the hottest challenges in automotive industry is related to weight reduction in sheet metal forming processes, in order to produce a high quality metal part with minimal material cost. Stamping is the most widely used sheet metal forming process; but its implementation comes with several fabrication flaws such as springback and failure. A global and simple approach to circumvent these unwanted process drawbacks consists in optimizing the initial blank shape with innovative methods. The aim of this paper is to introduce an efficient methodology to deal with complex, computationally expensive multicriteria optimization problems. Our approach is based on the combination of methods to capture the Pareto Front, approximate criteria (to save computational costs) and global optimizers. To illustrate the efficiency, we consider the stamping of an industrial workpiece as test-case. Our approach is applied to the springback and failure criteria. To optimize these two criteria, a global optimization algorithm was chosen. It is the Simulated Annealing algorithm hybridized with the Simultaneous Perturbation Stochastic Approximation in order to gain in time and in precision. The multicriteria problems amounts to the capture of the Pareto Front associated to the two criteria. Normal Boundary Intersection and Normalized Normal Constraint Method are considered for generating a set of Pareto-optimal solutions with the characteristic of uniform distribution of front points. The computational results are compared to those obtained with the well-known Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II. The results show that our proposed approach is efficient to deal with the multicriteria shape optimization of highly non-linear mechanical systems.
Hue-assisted automatic registration of color point clouds
Authors: Men Hao , Pochiraju Kishore
Published: January 2015

This paper describes a variant of the extended Gaussian image based registration algorithm for point clouds with surface color information. The method correlates the distributions of surface normals for rotational alignment and grid occupancy for translational alignment with hue filters applied during the construction of surface normal histograms and occupancy grids. In this method, the size of the point cloud is reduced with a hue-based down sampling that is independent of the point sample density or local geometry. Experimental results show that use of the hue filters increases the registration speed and improves the registration accuracy. Coarse rigid transformations determined in this step enable fine alignment with dense, unfiltered point clouds or using Iterative Common Point (ICP) alignment techniques.
Interactive prostate shape reconstruction from 3D TRUS images
Authors: Furuhata Tomotake , Song Inho , Zhang Hong , Rabin Yoed , Shimada Kenji
Published: January 2015

This paper presents a two-step, semi-automated method for reconstructing a three-dimensional (3D) shape of the prostate from a 3D transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) image. While the method has been developed for prostate ultrasound imaging, it can potentially be applicable to any other organ of the body and other imaging modalities. The proposed method takes as input a 3D TRUS image and generates a watertight 3D surface model of the prostate. In the first step, the system lets the user visualize and navigate through the input volumetric image by displaying cross sectional views oriented in arbitrary directions. The user then draws partial/full contours on selected cross sectional views. In the second step, the method automatically generates a watertight 3D surface of the prostate by fitting a deformable spherical template to the set of user-specified contours. Since the method allows the user to select the best cross-sectional directions and draw only clearly recognizable partial or full contours, the user can avoid time-consuming and inaccurate guesswork on where prostate contours are located. By avoiding the usage of noisy, incomprehensible portions of the TRUS image, the proposed method yields more accurate prostate shapes than conventional methods that demand complete cross-sectional contours selected manually, or automatically using an image processing tool. Our experiments confirmed that a 3D watertight surface of the prostate can be generated within five minutes even from a volumetric image with a high level of speckles and shadow noises.
Registered report: Transcriptional amplification in tumor cells with elevated c-Myc
Authors: Blum David , Hao Haiping , McCarthy Michael ,   Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology
Published: January 2015

The Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology seeks to address growing concerns about reproducibility in scientific research by conducting replications of 50 papers in the field of cancer biology published between 2010 and 2012. This Registered report describes the proposed replication plan of key experiments from ‘Transcriptional amplification in tumor cells with elevated c-Myc’ by Lin et al. (2012), published in Cell in 2012. The experiments that will be replicated are those reported in Figures 3E and 3F. In these experiments, elevated levels of c-Myc in the P493-6 cell model of Burkitt's lymphoma results in an increase of the total level of RNA using UV/VIS spectrophotometry (Figure 3E; Lin et al., 2012) and on the mRNA levels/cell for a large set of genes using digital gene expression technology (Figure 3F; Lin et al., 2012). The Reproducibility Project: Cancer Biology is a collaboration between the Center for Open Science and Science Exchange, and the results of the replications will be published in eLife.
La asociación de recursos de valoración: el caso de las organizaciones de derechos humanos en la prensa escrita argentina
Authors:   Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Argentina, Pascual Mariana
Published: January 2015

En las últimas décadas hemos presenciado un creciente interés por los estudios del lenguaje desde perspectivas críticas, fundados en la necesidad de develar posicionamientos ideológicos que atentan, a menudo, contra los intereses de grupos de limitado poder social. A fin de develar los posicionamientos, y en consecuencia la construcción y consolidación de ideologías a lo largo del tiempo, la teoría de la valoración (Martin, 2000; Martin y White, 2005), en el marco de la Lingüística Sistémico Funcional (LSF), brinda herramientas de particular valor en el análisis de discursos de medios. Este marco se combina y enriquece con propuestas que comparten la base que responden a los postulados del enfoque sociohistórico discursivo propuesto por Reisigl y Wodak (2001) y por Wodak y Meyer (2003). La visión del lenguaje como práctica social (Fairclough y Wodak, 1997) es compartida por la LSF, en tanto esta se constituye como teoría lingüística multifuncional al servicio del análisis del discurso como entidad construida por los propios propósitos sociales a los que contribuye, y visualiza al lenguaje como una forma de semiótica social (Halliday, 1978; Halliday y Matthiessen, 2014). Este trabajo propone ilustrar el uso estratégico de recursos evaluativos y su asociación a partir del análisis de noticias publicadas en cinco influyentes diarios argentinos. Todos los artículos fueron publicados con motivo de un hecho de violencia de gran impacto social acaecido a mediados de 1985, época marcada por el retorno de la democracia al país, en medio de una marcha militar liderada por el entonces presidente Alfonsín. En este hecho se vio involucrada la agrupación Madres de Plaza de Mayo, grupo formado por madres de las más de 30.000 víctimas de la dictadura militar que gobernó Argentina entre 1976 y 1983. El análisis arroja luz sobre el uso de una amplia variedad de recursos valorativos, tanto de Compromiso como de Actitud, así como también un uso vasto de elementos de Gradación, tanto infundidos lexicalmente como de formas aisladas. Resulta de particular interés la combinación de recursos valorativos realizada por los autores para la construcción de valoraciones de polaridad negativa acerca de las nociones de violencia y de disrupción de la normalidad. Sin embargo, las mayores diferencias observadas no fueron detectadas en los tipos de recursos léxico-gramaticales utilizados, sino en las diferentes intensidades de las evaluaciones planteadas. Este fenómeno podría dar cuenta de la imposibilidad de recurrir a otras opciones de construcción discursiva mediática viables que resulten políticamente correctas en un momento sociohistórico dado, como el que se analiza. Los resultados pueden contribuir a la comprensión del funcionamiento de los recursos lingüísticos por los que se construyen y consolidan posicionamientos ideológicos en la sociedad moderna mediatizada
Seasonal variation of gravity wave activity at midlatitudes from 7 years of COSMIC GPS and Rayleigh lidar temperature observations
Authors: Khaykin S. M. , Hauchecorne A. , Mzé N. , Keckhut P.
Published: January 2015

Seven year series of gravity wave (GW) potential energy at midlatitude stratosphere (10 to 50 km) is constructed by combining temperature profiles provided by Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere and Climate (COSMIC) GPS satellite constellation and Rayleigh lidar operating at Haute Provence observatory in Southern France. The combined series are used to evaluate the representation of GW in Modern Era Retrospective‐Analysis for Research and Applications reanalysis. The seasonal and zonal variabilities of GW activity are diagnosed using zonal wind and wind divergence provided by ERA‐Interim reanalysis. The spatiotemporal distribution of GW activity is found strongly dependent on the zonal wind variation, wind divergence, and topography. We show that anomalies in the wind divergence can serve as a proxy for locating synoptic‐scale enhancements of GW. The analysis provides evidence for orographic GW excitation, and the results are compatible with geostrophic adjustment being an additional source of stratospheric GW. The seasonal GW variability can be largely explained by interaction with the mean flow and wave propagation.
When Practice Does Not Make Perfect: Effects of Strategic Cognitive Processes on Errors During Skill Development
Authors: Nguyen Helena , Williamson Ann
Published: January 2015

This study looked at the contribution of strategic cognitive processes such as frequency gambling and speed and accuracy trade‐off in the production of errors during skill development. We developed a novel psychomotor task and trained participants on the task. We predicted that practice would change the nature of errors and be driven by strategic processes, rather than just change the overall number of errors. The first experiment investigated the effects of frequency gambling on errors during skill development by manipulating stimulus probability. The second experiment tested the separate effects of speed versus accuracy instructions to clarify the strategic contribution of response‐criterion setting. The results of these two studies refute the widespread assumption that skill development invariably reduces errors. Rather, errors can be a strategic feature of skill acquisition (e.g. gambling on low probability events), which, although results in speedy performance, would be a dangerous practice in many real‐life contexts. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Fabrication of Copper Nanowire Films and their Incorporation into Polymer Matrices for Antibacterial and Marine Antifouling Applications
Authors: Jiang Shan , Sreethawong Thammanoon , Lee Serina Siew Chen , Low Michelle Bee Jin , Win Khin Yin , Brzozowska Agata Maria , Teo Serena Lay‐Ming , Vancso G. Julius , Jańczewski Dominik , Han Ming‐Yong
Published: January 2015

With the ban of tributyltin, copper‐based biocides are now widely used in antifouling coatings as the major active ingredients. Given the past experience of heavy‐metal accumulation in harbors with limited water exchange, there is a significant interest in developing copper materials that greatly reduce the amount of copper ions released into marine surroundings. In this paper, copper nanowires (NWs) encapsulated in polymer matrices are investigated as the means to control the release of copper ions and to achieve a long‐lasting antifouling effect. Very long CuNWs with high aspect ratio in organic solution are drop‐coated onto substrates to fabricate uniform thin films. They are then incorporated into an elastomeric polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix. A small amount of CuNWs in PDMS can inhibit barnacle cyprid settlement, while it exhibits low mortality to cyprids and nauplii present in the surrounding seawater environment. The low levels of copper released after 50 days suggest that the intersecting and interconnected CuNWs embedded in PDMS could potentially release copper ions continuously over a few years in seawater. This approach provides a novel platform to use hybrid materials as effective marine antifouling coatings, and may be applied to fouling release materials to enhance their antifouling properties.
Combined generative topographic mapping and graph theory unsupervised approach for nonlinear fault identification
Authors: Escobar Matheus S. , Kaneko Hiromasa , Funatsu Kimito
Published: January 2015

Identifying anomalies in chemical processes is highly desirable. Usually, one relies on previous knowledge of normal and faulty samples, excluding anomalies from model training and associating deviations to faults. How reliable is such knowledge, however, is questionable, especially during atypical scenarios. Unsupervised approaches, using no labels, provide an unbiased analysis. A generative topographic mapping (GTM) and graph theory combined approach, then, is proposed for unsupervised fault identification. GTM, given its probabilistic nature, highlights system features, reducing variable dimensionality. With this information, correlation between samples is calculated. Graph theory, then, generates a network, clustering similar samples. Two anomaly cases are analyzed: an artificial dataset and Tennessee Eastman Process. Principal component analysis (PCA) and Dynamic PCA indexes Q and T2 along GTM and graph theory‐independent monitoring methodologies are used for comparison, considering supervised and unsupervised approaches. The proposed method performed similarly to all supervised methodologies, motivating its application and developments. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 61: 1559–1571, 2015
Determination of Phase Stability of Elemental Boron
Authors: White Mary Anne , Cerqueira Anthony B. , Whitman Catherine A. , Johnson Michel B. , Ogitsu Tadashi
Published: January 2015

Boron is an important element, used in applications from superhard materials to superconductors. Boron exists in several forms (allotropes) and, surprisingly, it was not known which form (α or β) is stable at ambient conditions. Through experiment, we quantify the relative stability of α‐boron and β‐boron as a function of temperature. The ground‐state energies of α‐boron and β‐boron are nearly identical. For all temperatures up to 2000 K, the complicated β‐boron structure is more stable than the simpler α‐boron structure at ambient pressure. Below 1000 K, β‐boron is entropically stabilized with respect to α‐boron owing to its partially occupied sites, whereas at higher temperatures β‐boron is enthalpically stabilized with respect to α‐boron. We show that α‐boron only becomes stable on application of pressure.
A Carbon–Air Battery for High Power Generation
Authors: Yang Binbin , Ran Ran , Zhong Yijun , Su Chao , Tadé Moses O. , Shao Zongping
Published: January 2015

We report a carbon–air battery for power generation based on a solid‐oxide fuel cell (SOFC) integrated with a ceramic CO2‐permeable membrane. An anode‐supported tubular SOFC functioned as a carbon fuel container as well as an electrochemical device for power generation, while a high‐temperature CO2‐permeable membrane composed of a CO32− mixture and an O2− conducting phase (Sm0.2Ce0.8O1.9) was integrated for in situ separation of CO2 (electrochemical product) from the anode chamber, delivering high fuel‐utilization efficiency. After modifying the carbon fuel with a reverse Boudouard reaction catalyst to promote the in situ gasification of carbon to CO, an attractive peak power density of 279.3 mW cm−2 was achieved for the battery at 850 °C, and a small stack composed of two batteries can be operated continuously for 200 min. This work provides a novel type of electrochemical energy device that has a wide range of application potentials.