bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PELABUHAN PAREPARE DI BAWAH KUASA GOWA DAN BONE
Authors: Kila Syahrir
Published: June 2020

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk melihat eksistensi Pelabuhan Bacukiki dan Pelabuhan Suppa hingga terbentuknya Pelabuhan Parepare di bawah kuasa Kerajaan Gowa dan Kerajaan Bone dengan menggunakan metode sejarah. Kajian ini membuktikan bahwa kedua pelabuhan yang dimaksud, yaitu Bacukiki dan Suppa adalah suatu pelabuhan besar pada masanya. Bukan hanya itu, kedua pelabuhan itu lebih maju dibanding Pelabuhan Somba Opu. Itulah sebabnya ketika Pelabuhan Somba Opu ingin dimajukan menjadi pelabuhan transito oleh Kerajaan Gowa, kedua pelabuhan ini harus dimatikan perannya terlebih dahulu.Ketika peran pelabuhan ini sudah memudar, maka Pelabuhan Somba Opu mulai berkembang karena semua bongkar muat barang dan jasa dari kedua pelabuhan itu, dialihkan ke Somba Opu. Ketika itulah Pelabuhan Parepare mulai dilirik oleh para pedagang yang berasal dari Ajatappareng. Pada saat Kerajaan Gowa-Tallo runtuh, pengelolaannya dikuasai oleh Bone. Kondisi pelabuhan ketika itu belum berkembang dengan baik sebab aturan sangat ketat. Ketika wilayah Hindia Belanda diserahkan ke Inggris, PelabuhanParepare dikontrakkan kepada Addatuang Sidenreng.
FUNGSI DAN MAKNA RITUAL MACCERA’BINANGA DI KELURAHAN BENTENGE KABUPATEN BULUKUMBA
Authors: Ansaar Ansaar
Published: June 2020

Maccera’ binanga adalah salah satu ritual sekaligus simbol kedekatan para nelayan terhadap fenomena alam dan menjadi sebuah kesepakatan rohani antara harapan-harapan manusiawi dengan semangat laut sebagai sumber penghidupan. Sesaji yang dipersembahkan ke muara sungai saat ritual berlangsung menggambarkan sikap pengorbanan yang tulus diiringi doa-doa keselamatan agar para nelayan mendapatkan hasil tangkapan yang melimpah dan laut pun ramah memperlihatkan isi perutnya kepada manusia. Materi tulisan yang diambil dari hasil penelitian ini, selain bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tata cara pelaksanaan upacara (ritual) maccera’ binanga, juga untuk mengkaji fungsi dan makna dari penyelenggaraan upacara ritual tersebut. Tulisan ini bersifat deskriktif kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode wawancara, pengamatan, dan kajian pustaka. Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan bahwa maksud dan tujuan diselenggarakannya ritual maccera’ binanga agar selama musim tangkap berlangsung, para nelayan dapat memperoleh hasil tangkapan yang banyak. Demikian pula saat menjalankan aktivitasnya di laut, mereka tetap selamat agar terhindar dari malapetaka dan gangguan roh-roh jahat. Pada penyelenggaraan upacara ritual ini, selain terdapat fungsi religi, fungsi sosial, dan fungsi ekonomi, di dalamnya juga terkandung berbagai makna budaya yang sangat penting dalam kehidupan masyarakat nelayan, khususnya yang berdomisili di Kelurahan Bentenge, Kabupaten Bulukumba.
BUDAYA POLITIK KERAJAAN LAIWOI
Authors: Bahtiar Bahtiar
Published: June 2020

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkapkan budaya politik di Kerajaan Laiwoi di Sulawesi Tenggara.Metode yang digunakan adalah metode sejarah dengan melalui beberapa tahapan, yaitu heuristik, kritik sejarah, interpretasi, dan historiografi.Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa Kerajaan Laiwoi pada awal pembentukannya sarat politik karena sistem politik Belanda yang ingin mengadu domba para bangsawan yang ada di Kerajaan Konawe dan beberapa kerajaan lainnya di Sulawesi Tenggara.Dengan siasat politiknya, Belanda memanfaatkan salah seorang bangsawan bernama La Mangu untuk ditawarkan menjadi raja, maka dibentuklah Laiwoi sebagai sebuah kerajaan.Kerajaan Laiwoi ini pada awal pembentukannya hanya di atas kertas dan sebagai kerajaan pinjaman.Kerajaan ini dibentuk secara sembunyi-sembunyi antara pemerintah Belanda dan La Mangu.Beberapa kerajaan yang ada di Sulawesi Tenggara tidak mengetahui Kerajaan Laiwoi.Setelah beberapa kali berganti raja, akhirnya Kerajaan Laiwoi mulai secara terbuka menunjukkan eksistensinya dan mulai dikenal oleh beberapa kerajaan lainnya.Menariknya, Kerajaan Laiwoi menjadi cikal bakal terbentuknya daerah Tingkat II Kendari.
Insight of microRNA role in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Lye Kwan-Liang , Tan Loh Teng-Hern , Yap Hui-Min
Published: June 2020

The colorectal cancer is among the most predominant cancer in the world including Malaysia. Numerous factors could contribute towards colorectal carcinogenesis and one of the factors is genetic predisposition. Mutations in the V-KiRas2 (Kras) oncogene have been implicated in 30-50% of the colorectal cancer patients and usually lead to poorer prognosis. The challenging ability for the early detection of colorectal cancer still poses an enormous challenge to oncologist as there are limited or no signs or symptoms in the early stage of colorectal cancer. Many studies were conducted hoping to further understand colorectal cancer for a better diagnosis and prognosis. As early detection of colorectal cancer frequently leads to good prognosis. The gold standard for prognosis depends on the stage of the tumor at the time of diagnosis. Lately a group of small, non-coding RNAs termed microRNAs (miRNAs) exhibited capable outcomes in cancer research. Numerous miRNAs were discovered to play a key role in regulatory mechanism in numerous cancers. Differential miRNAs expression among tumors and non-tumor controls are highly valuable in recognizing miRNAs that could have vital role in carcinogenesis. Recently some miRNAs were discovered to play a vital role in colorectal carcinogenesis. Thus, miRNAs have emerged as highly useful tool for scientists to comprehend carcinogenesis better. For example, miR-21 and miR-106a were highly expressed in colorectal cancer. While miRNAs including miR-17-92 cluster, miR-21, miR-34, miR-135 and miR-196a also exhibited high association with colorectal cancer. Therefore, this article aims to provide insight of miRNAs role in colorectal cancer for a better understanding of this disease.
A Novel Report on Killer Yeast Strains Identification Methods
Authors: Abu-Mejdad Najwa M.J.A. , Al-Badran Adnan I. , Al-Saadoon Abdullah H.
Published: June 2020

This study was conducted to isolate and identify killer yeasts from soil samples that collected from different locations in Basrah and Dhi-Qar provinces. Seventy-five soil samples were collected from different areas, including sandy, arable, surface sediment and uncultivated soil, using dilution methods to cultivate a serial dilution of each soil sample. The results showed that a 112 isolates were identified biochemically using VITEK system and molecularly using internal transcribed spacer (ITS1- 5.8S-ITS2) marker. The molecular identification provided fast and precise identification results for the 112 isolates, whereas the VITEK test resulted low identification efficiency (8.2% were accurate and 91.8 % were not). The Diazonium blue B salts produced a good colour reaction in distinguishing between ascomycetes and basidiomycetes. The PCR was more accurate in identification of killer yeasts compared to the VITEK system.
Menopausal Symptom Experience Among Middle Aged Women in Pokhara
Authors: Regmi Radhika , Gurung Neha
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Menopause is the point when a woman no longer has menstrual periods. At this stage, the ovaries have stopped releasing eggs and producing most of their estrogen. Menopause is diagnosed when a woman has gone without a period for 12 consecutive months. The aim of the study is to assess the menopausal symptoms experience among middle aged women.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among purposively selected 100 menopausal women in Fulbari-11, Pokhara using structured interview schedule. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, median, standard deviation, frequency) and Inferential statistics (chi-square) in SPSS version 20. Data were presented in tabular form.

Results: The findings revealed that 83 percent had mild symptoms experience. The most menopausal women experienced physical, psychological and sexual symptoms. The physical problems included as joint and muscular symptoms (80%), dryness of vagina (72%), bladder problems (60%), hot flushes (47%) and heart discomfort (43%). Similarly, the  common psychological problems included anxiety (79%) physical and mental exhaustion (72%), irritability (70%), depressive mood (67%), and sleeping problems (61%) and sexual problems (37%). Menopausal symptom experience is statistically significant to source of information and type of family.

Conclusions: The conclusion of this study is more than 60 percent menopausal women experienced menopausal symptoms. Joint and muscular problems, and psychological problems were the significant problems. Sexual problem is the least.
Perceived Stress and Its Associated Factors Among Nursing Students Regarding Clinical Learning Environment
Authors: Adhikari Binita , Ojha Jenny
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Stress is a state of mental or emotional strain resulting from demanding circumstances. This study aims to assess the perceived stress and its associated factors among nursing students regarding clinical learning environment.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 172 Proficiency Certificate Level nursing students of second year. The respondents were selected using lottery method and information collected using the semi-structured selfadministered questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics with Chi-square test were performed.

Results: The mean age of the respondents was 18.17±0.612. The study revealed that more than half (54.7%) students had Moderate stress, 41.3% had Mild and 4.0% had Severe stress regarding clinical learning environment. The clinical learning environment related factors such as: using or handling unfamiliar equipment (χ 2 =7.646,df=1, p=0.006), Interpersonal relationship with clinical supervisor (χ2 =7.516,df=1,p=0.006) were significantly associated with perceivedstress regarding clinical learning environment.

Conclusions: The study revealed that more than half (54.7%) students had Moderate stress, 41.3% had Mild and 4.0% had Severe stress regarding clinical learning environment.
Perceived Effectiveness of Pictorial Health Warning Labels of Tobacco Products and Associated Factors among Smokers and Quitters in Kaski District, Nepal
Authors: Budha Kamal Bahadur , Adhikari Chiranjivi , Gahatraj Nand Ram
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Globally, tobacco kills more than seven million people per year. In Nepal, more than fifty different types of tobacco products, both in smoke and smokeless forms, are available. Pictorial health warning labels (PHWLs) on tobacco products provide an effective way to aware both literates and illiterates about the health effects of tobacco use. This study aimed to assess the perceived effectiveness of pictorial health warning labels of tobacco products and associated factors among smokers and quitters.

Methods: The study design was community-based cross-sectional analytical with the quantitative method. We interviewed 389 adults (111 Quitters and 278 Smokers) of Kaski district. The sample was taken from both rural and urban areas based on existing household proportion. Ethical approval was taken from NHRC. We entered data in EpiData and analyzed in SPSS softwares. The perceived effectiveness scores of PHWLs were calculated (alpha ranges from 0.91 to 0.96) and compared among different groups using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test and Kruskal-Wallis test with the Dunn’s multiple comparisons. The perceived effectiveness score of PHWLs were correlated with discrete covariates using Spearman rank correlation.

Results: Nearly one-third of the participants (32.7%) had bought a single piece of tobacco product, which is not allowed in Nepal. Nearly sixteen percentage of the participants were moderate to high level of nicotine dependent. Only twelve percent of participants wanted to quit or already quitted as s/he saw the PHWLs. Scores of Premature birth was statistically significant (p=0.031) on smoking status. Martial status, ethnicity, any family member use tobacco, age at first exposure psychological response, behavioral response and message credibility were statistically significant for the perceived effectiveness of PHWLs among smokers. Whereas place of resident, education status, age, psychological response, behavioral response, self efficacy and message credibility were statistically significant at p<0.05 for the perceived effectiveness of PHWLs among quitters.

Conclusions: This study concluded that premature type of PHWL was more effective than other type of PHWLs. The interventional program along with social and behavior change communication should be focused on the psychological, behavioral related and geographical setting. Further research is suggested to carryout the interventional study addressing behavioral and psychological factors.
Prevalence of syphilis in people living with HIV/AIDS: A Hospital based Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Jaiswal Suresh , Banstola Laxman , Shrestha Manisha , Sapkota Srijana , Sharma Sujan , Lamsal Sunita , Maharjan Urusha , Bhujel Sabina Rana , Tiwari Bishnu Raj
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Syphilis, a sexually transmitted disease is one of the oldest diseases caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum, has been a major public health concern worldwide. The aim is to find out the prevalence of syphilis and its risk factors among people with HIV at Western Regional hospital in Nepal.

Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at one of the largest public hospitals in Western Region of Nepal. A consecutive 90 HIV-positive patients were recruited prospectively from December 2016 to February 2017. Blood samples and data on sociodemographic and risk factors were collected. Serum were diagnosed for syphilis using Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) test.

Results: The prevalence of syphilis infection was 12.2% in HIV positive participants. Syphilis occurred exclusively in male 7 comparatively 4 in female. Seropositivity of syphilis was seen higher in married than unmarried HIV infected individuals. Syphilis prevalence seems to increase with increasing age, with the highest rate in the age group 35–50 years. A decreasing rate of syphilis was observed with increasing educational level, where illiterate HIV-positive participants had higher infection compared with those having at least a certificate.

Conclusion: Higher prevalence of syphilis in people with HIV infection demands the need to target this people to prevent the transmission of both infections. Testing for all HIV-infected people for syphilis and management of the infected would have clinical and epidemiological importance.
Factors Associated with Depression among Elderly People Living In Old Aged Homes of Pokhara, Nepal
Authors: Dhungana Ananta Raj
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Depression is an important public health challenge in developing countries. Old people have a much higher risk of suicide then the general populations and are suffered from depression. In this context, this study aims to find the factors associated with depression among elderly people living in old aged homes in Pokhara.

Methods: Three major elderly homes of Pokhara were selected purposively. Then information was collected from all the elderly people living in these old aged homes. Geriatric Depression Scale was used to find the depression level of the elderly people. Chi-squared test was applied to find the factors associated with degree of depression among these elderly people.

Results: Majority of the elderly people were suffered from depression (80.7%). Female were highly suffered from depression with respect to male. Age, sex, marital status, and previous occupation of the respondents have significant association with degree of depression. Further, there was significant association between degree of depression and the activities for entertainment in elderly homes.

Conclusions: Age, sex, marital status, previous occupation, and activities for entertainment in elderly homes were the major factors associated with degree of depression. The concerned organization and other authorities should give attention regarding the more entertainment activities for elderly people.
Prevalence of Dysmenorrhea and its Associated Factors among Adolescent Girls Studying in Technical Schools of Dang, Nepal
Authors: Baidhya Nirdesh , Prasad Paneru Damaru
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Dysmenorrhea is a gynecological disorder and more often a cause of shame, anxiety and embarrassment among female adolescents. The prevalence of dysmenorrhea worldwide ranges 15.8-89.5%, with higher prevalence rates reported among adolescent female. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of dysmenorrhea and its associated factors among adolescent girls studying in Council for Technical Education and Vocational Training (CTEVT) at Ghorahi Sub-metro Politian Dang, Nepal.

Methods: Institutional based cross-sectional analytical study was carried out from February, 2019 to August, 2019 among adolescent girls in technical schools of Dang, Nepal. Self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from 452 adolescent girls and only 375 adolescent girls were included in the study. Census method was adopted. Data were checked, coded and entered into Epi-data (version 3.1) and transferred to SPSS (version 20) for analysis. Univariate, bivariate and multi variable analyses were carried out. Binary logistic regression model were computed and P value < 0.05 was considered as significant. All ethical procedures were considered.

Results: The prevalence of dysmenorrhea was 75.2%, among them half of the respondents experienced moderate pain (50.7%), followed by mild (26.6%) and severe (22.7%). Family history of dysmenorrhea, AOR (95% CI) = 7.657 (4.036, 14.528), early menarche AOR (95% CI) = 15.662 (7.583, 32.351), underweight AOR (95% CI) = 0.361 (0.149, 0.874) had statistically significant association with the dysmenorrhea.

Conclusion: Three-quarters of the adolescent girls experienced dysmenorrhea. Dysmenorrhea among adolescent girls is associated with family history, early menarche, whereas underweight was found to be protective factors for the occurrence of dysmenorrhea. All girls entering into menarchhe should be oriented with dysmenorrhea management practices to maintain physical, physiological and psycho- social health.
Awareness on Uterine Prolapse among Parous Women in Pokhara, Kaski
Authors: Parajuli Shobha , Lawot Isabel
Published: June 2020

Introduction: Uterine prolapse (UP) is a common reproductive morbidity in Nepal. The greater number of women of all ages is suffering from the problem but they exist in silence as it is greatly associated with social stigma, isolation, discrimination and violence. The condition might be due to lack of awareness on uterine prolapse. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the awareness regarding uterine prolapse among parous women in Pokhara, Kaski.

Methods: A cross-sectional analytical research was conducted on a sample of 226 parous women aged between 20 to 59 years residing in Pokhara with probability, cluster sampling technique. Data was collected from June 26 to July 23, 2017 by the use of structured interview schedule. Data was entered into Epi-Data and further analyzed by using SPSS. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis at 5% level of significance.

Results: The study found that the mean score of the participants was 38.72 ± 3.98. Among parous women, 58.40 percent had good level of awareness, 41.60 percent had fair level of awareness and none of them exhibited poor level of awareness on uterine prolapse. Only few (20.35%) of them had heard about kegel exercise. The result further showed that there is statistically significant association of level of awareness with ethnic group (p=.004, OR=2.30) and experience ofuterine prolapse (p=.017, OR= 2.37).

Conclusion: It is concluded that just above fifty percent of the parous women had good level of awareness on uterine prolapse and most of them had not even heard about kegel exercise. Therefore, it is necessary to plan and implement the awareness raising programs continuously as it is the major area of concern among parous women.
Eğitsel Filmlerin Öğrencilerin Başarı ve Fen Konularına Yönelik İlgi Düzeyine Etkisi
Authors: UZUN Hande , GÜVEN YILDIRIM Ezgi , ÖNDER Ayşe Nesibe
Published: June 2020

Bu araştırmanın amacı 6. sınıf Fen
Bilimleri dersi Vücudumuzda Sistemler Ünitesi’nin öğretiminde eğitsel filmlerin
öğrencilerin akademik başarı ve fen konularına yönelik ilgi düzeylerine
etkisini incelemektir. Araştırmanın örneklemi, 2018-2019 eğitim-öğretim yılı
güz döneminde Ankara ili, Mamak İlçesi’nde, bulunan bir ortaokulun 6. sınıfında
öğrenim gören toplam 55 öğrenciden oluşmuştur. Öğrenim, deney grubunda eğitsel
filmler ile kontrol grubunda ise eğitsel filmler kullanılmadan, 5E öğrenme
modeli ile devam ettirilmiştir. Araştırmada verileri toplamak için yarı
deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda grupların hem boşaltım
sistemi başarı ön test puan ortalamaları arasında hem de sistemler başarı testi
ön test puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde bir
fark olmadığı görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte deney ve kontrol grubunda bulunan
öğrencilerin çalışma sonrasında boşaltım sistemi başarı son test puan
ortalamaları ve sistemler başarı testi son test puan ortalamaları arasında
deney grubu lehine istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde farklılık olduğu
bulunmuştur. Çalışmadan elde edilen diğer bir sonucuna göre deney ve kontrol
guruplarında yer alan öğrencilerin uygulama öncesi fen konularına yönelik ilgi
ölçeği ön test puan ortalamaları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir
farklılık bulunmamıştır. Son olarak, uygulama sonrası yapılan ölçümlerde
grupların fen konularına yönelik ilgi ölçeği son test puanları arasında
istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde bir farklılık olduğu görülmüştür.
Sosyal Bilgiler Dersinde 7. Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Bilimsel Araştırmalarına Yönelik Bir Çalışma
Authors: ELBAY Sezgin
Published: June 2020

MEB’in ortaokullar için hazırladığı Sosyal Bilgiler öğretim programında, bilimsel araştırmaya vurgu yapıldığı belirlenmiştir. Buna rağmen bilimsel araştırma becerilerinin, Sosyal Bilgiler dersi bağlamında, potansiyel yansımaları tam olarak ortaya konulamamıştır. Bu kapsamda araştırmanın amacı, Sosyal Bilgiler dersinde, 7. sınıf öğrencilerinin, bilimsel araştırmaya yönelik görüşleri ve uygulama becerilerini saptamaktır. Buna ek olarak öğrencilerin bilimsel araştırma seviyelerini tespit etmeye çalışmaktır. Bu amaçla, nitel araştırma yöntemi benimsenerek, bir durum çalışması yapılmıştır. Veriler, 2018/2019 eğitim-öğretim yılının 2. dönemi boyunca toplanmıştır. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu, benzeşik örnekleme yöntemine uygun olarak seçilen 23 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Veriler; yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme, katılımcı gözlem, açık uçlu anket ve bilimsel araştırma raporlarından elde edilmiştir. Ardından veriler, tümevarımsal ve betimsel yoldan analiz edilmiştir. Analizler sonucunda, öğrencilerin bilimsel araştırmaya yönelik görüşlerinin, problem çözme ve etik kodlar şeklinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Öğrencilerin bilimsel araştırma becerilerinin ise genel olarak; araştırma konusunun belirlenmesi ve sınırlandırılması, bilgi toplama ve rapor hazırlama şeklinde olduğu saptanmıştır. Son olarak öğrencilerin bilimsel araştırmalarını, çoğunlukla 1. ve 2. seviyeden yaptıkları tespit edilmiştir. Bu bağlamda Sosyal bilimler olarak Sosyal Bilgiler yaklaşımının uygulamaya geçirilmesi önerilebilir.
Ortaöğretim Kurumlarında Bir Ders Saati Süresinin Gözlemi
Authors: TABAK Hasan , ŞAHİN Fatih
Published: June 2020

Araştırmanın amacı, ortaöğretim kurumlarında bir dersin kaç dakika sürdüğünü ve bir derste öğretim faaliyeti olarak ne tür etkinliklerin yapıldığını bir ders saatinde zaman (40 dakika) odaklı tespit etmektir. Araştırma nitel olarak tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmada veri kaynağı olarak gözlem tekniğine başvurulmuş, gözlemlerden elde edilen veriler üzerinden içerik analizi yapılmıştır. Araştırmada amaçlı örnekleme yöntemi benimsenmiştir. Amaçlı örnekleme yöntemlerinden ise tipik durum örneklemesine uygun olarak Aksaray ili merkezinde bulunan iki ortaöğretim kurumu gözlemlenmiştir. Araştırma araştırmacılar tarafından yürütülmüş olup araştırmacıların geliştirmiş olduğu dakika ve yapılan etkinlikler odaklı gözlem formu üzerinden 3 hafta süreyle toplamda 8 ders (16 ders saati) gözlemlenmiştir. Araştırmada gözlem yapılan ortaöğretim kurumlarında bir ders saatinin ortalama ±32 dakikada tamamlandığı gözlemlenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda ders saatleri içerisinde yapılan faaliyetlerin derse hazırlık, dikkat çekme, gözden geçirme/ güdüleme, derse geçiş ve dersin işlenmesi (kazanımın işlenmesi), bireysel veya grupla öğrenme etkinlikleri, izleme/ölçme değerlendirme ve bir sonraki haftayla bağlantı başlıkları altında temalandığı genel bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu doğrultuda ders saatinin sadece sınıfta geçirilen süre olmadığı ve sınıf içinde geçirilen sürenin kısaltılarak öğrenme ortamlarının farklılaştırılabileceği yönünde öneriler sunulmuştur.
Erken Matematik Testi (EMAT) Geliştirilmesi, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Authors: AYDOĞAN Yasemin , AKKAYA Recai , ÖZYÜREK Arzu
Published: June 2020

Erken çocukluk döneminde matematik becerilerinin gelişimi ve desteklenmesi, çocuğun ileriki yıllarda matematiği anlayabilmesi ve daha sonraki okul yaşamları için gerekli bilgi ve becerileri kazanmaları açısından önemlidir. Bunun için ilk basamak, çocukların mevcut erken matematik becerileri düzeyinin belirlenmesidir. Bu çalışmada, 3-7 yaş çocuklarının erken matematik becerilerinin değerlendirilmesi amacıyla Erken Matematik Testinin (EMAT) geliştirilmesi, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmalarına yer verilmiştir. Bu kapsamda ön uygulama Ankara ilinde 8 okulda 3-7 yaş grubu 650 çocukla, norm çalışması ise Türkiye genelinde belirlenen 12 ilden aynı yaş grubu 2018 çocukla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, araştırmacılar ve test eğitimi alan uygulayıcılar tarafından ölçeğin çocuklara bireysel olarak uygulanmasıyla elde edilmiştir. Testin geçerlik çalışmalarında kapsam geçerliği, yaşa göre karşılaştırma ve ölçüte dayalı geçerlikten yararlanılmıştır. Ölçüt geçerliği için Erken Matematik Yeteneği Testi (TEMA-3) kullanılmıştır. Güvenirlik çalışmalarında iki yarım test güvenirliği, iç tutarlık için hesaplanan KR-20 katsayıları ve test-tekrar test güvenirliğinden yararlanılmıştır. Madde ve test istatistikleri sonucunda, üç alt test ve 105 maddeden oluşan Erken Matematik Testinin, 3-7 yaş çocuklarının erken matematik becerilerinin ölçülmesinde geçerli ve güvenilir bir araç olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Kajian Motivasi Kerja Dan Budaya Organisasi Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja serta Dampaknya Pada Kinerja Pegawai BMKG Stasiun Klimatologi Malang
Authors: Wahyudi Imam
Published: June 2020

Abstract. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of workmotivation, organizational culture on employee performance through jobsatisfaction. type of research is explanatory research, data collectiontechniques are questionnaires. the sample in this study amounted to 37respondents with the sampling technique was census/population sampling,the scale of measurement using a Likert scale. Quantitative analysis usesvalidity test, reliability test, classic assumption and path analysis. Basedon the results of this study indicate that work motivation (X1) andorganizational culture (X2) have a significant effect on performance (Y2)through job satisfaction (Y1). The results of path analysis show the directeffect of work motivation and organizational culture on employeeperformance greater than indirect effects through job satisfaction.Keywords: work motivation, organizational culture, job satisfaction andperformance
Pengaruh Role Overload, Role Conflict dan Role Ambiguity terhadap Kinerja Karyawan dengan Dukungan Sosial sebagai Moderating Variabel pada Karyawan PT Y di Surabaya
Authors: Kumalaretna Dianing , Yulianti Praptini
Published: June 2020

ABSTRACT. This study aims to determine the level of job stress amongproduction employees in a manufacturing company, to measure the level ofemployee performance, and test the effect of work stress of Role Overload,Role Conflict and Role ambiguty on employee performance. Then this studyexamined the role of moderation from social support (from supervisors andcoworkers) about the relationship mentioned above. This research is aquantitative study using a questionnaire. All data were collected through asurvey and filled by 50 production workers in a manufacturing company inSurabaya. The sampling method suitable for this study. PLS method is usedfor statistical data analysis. The results showed a significant negativerelationship between role overload and performance, a non-significantnegative relationship between role conflict and performance, a negativerelationship between role ambiguity and performance. Support fromcoworkers and superiors has a significant moderating effect on roleoverload and role ambiguity.Key word: Role Overload, Role Conflict, Role Ambiguity, Job Performance,Social Support.
Insights about an interactive film installation.
Authors: Mendes da Silva Bruno , Tavares Mirian , António Rui , Costa Susana , Monteiro Paula , Araujo António
Published: June 2020

The question of time and its relation to cinema is the common thread in this paper. Through research based on experimental practice, this paper explores, firstly, the psychosomatic processes that may give the viewer different perceptions of time. Secondly, it describes the working process of a film that intends to provide the viewer with the possibility of intervening in the film narrative in a disruptive way, seeking the possibility of subverting the filmic discourse.
Long Term Load Forecasting Based on Hybrid Model of Feed Forward Net and Modified Grey Wolf Optimization
Authors: Rizk-Allah Rizk M. , El-desoky I. M. , Ayad A. N.
Published: June 2020

This paper presents a hybrid modified grey wolf optimization (MGWO) algorithm with the feed forward net (FFN), named MGWO-FFN, for solving electrical load forecasting. The proposed model is implemented with two stages: firstly, MGWO algorithm estimates the optimum variables of the FFN through the pre-determined training samples. Then the adapted FFN is tested with the remaining other samples and is utilized to predict the electrical peak load (PL). The proposed algorithm is investigated on two real cases (i.e. predicting the annual total electrical load consumption of Beijing's city and the annual PL consumed in Egypt). To prove the superiority of the proposed algorithm, MGWO is validated by comparing with algorithm including classical GWO and PSO algorithms. Both of Beijing's and Egypt's cases results indicate that the proposed MGWO-FFN algorithm outperforms the others where less mean square error (MSE) and more accuracy are obtained compared to the error that yields using the other two algorithms.
An Enhanced View of Incidence Functions for Applying Graph Theory
to Modeling Network Intrusions
Authors: Easttom Chuck , Adda Mo
Published: June 2020

Graph theory provides a robust tool for modeling a diverse range of subjects. It has been widely applied to computer networks and even network attacks. However, the incidence function in graph theory is often given a cursory treatment. This current research involves applying a range of information theory equations to describe the incidence function in a graph of a computer network. This improves modeling of computer network attacks and intrusions. Specifically attacks that involve substantial changes in network traffic can be more accurately modeled, if the incidence function of the graph is expanded.
Technological and Efficiency Change on Zakat Organization: Evidence in Indonesia
Authors: Slamet Rusydian Aam , Widiastuti Tika
Published: June 2020

Zakah institution is the intermediary organizations based on social. Although based on social activities, but the management is still needs to uphold professional, accountability and transparency principles. This study attempts to analyze the productivity level of zakat organization in Indonesia, both in terms of changes of its efficiency and also its technological. There are two things that are calculated in Malmquist index measurement that is catch-up effect and frontier shift effect. The catch-up effect measures the rate of change in relative efficiency from period 1 to period 2. Meanwhile the frontier shift effect measures the rate of technological change that is a combination of input and output from period 1 to period 2. The frontier shift effect is often called an innovation effect. Findings from the results of the productivity index analysis are very interesting. In general, there has been an increase in the level of productivity of zakat institutions in Indonesia in the period 2011 to 2016. The increase in productivity growth (1.013) of zakat institutions in Indonesia is generally caused by technological change (1.014) instead of changes in efficiency (0.999). Thus the service of zakat institutions is needed which is more innovative in relation to the development of technology in the future.
Repositioning SOZECOM, Nigeria for Navigating the Digital Economy
Authors: Lawal Maidoki Muhammad
Published: June 2020

Sokoto State Zakat and Waqf (Endowment) Commission aims to eradicate extreme poverty among the poor and vulnerable people, mostly rural people inhabiting Sokoto state in Northwestern Nigeria. To achieve this aim, SOZECOM is currently restructuring its zakat, waqf and general administration processes. Part of the restructuring is the need to utilize the extensive network of paid and volunteer personnel, vast amount of data and several collaborative efforts with other institutions inorder to explore the potentials of digital finance in the administration of zakat and waqf. A major constraint toward the realization of aim is the limited digital capability of SOZECOM .As a first imperative the need to develop SOZECOM’s institutional capacity through the strengthening of its digital capabilities was identified. This paper outlines the framework for itbuilding the capabilities needed to successfully navigate the digital economy and align its operations toward such realization
Financial Innovation on Zakat Distribution and Economic Growth
Authors: Salma Al Azizah Ummu , Choirin Muhammad
Published: June 2020

We investigate that the technological determinants and Islamic finance encouraging to speed up economic growth and poverty alleviation. We find that countries evidence more fintech startup formations when latest technology is readily available, zakat institutions are deep well developed. And also people which are touching with internet subscriptions. Furthermore, the available labor force has a positive impact on this new market segment through economic acceleration. Finally, the more usable fintech in collection and distribution zakat, the faster the development of country.  Overall, the evidence suggests that fintech set off the formation need not be left to chance, but active policies can affect this new market emerge.
SOZECOM: Leveraging the Synergy between the Existing Structure and Opportunities in Digital Finance
Authors: Maidoki Muhammad Lawal
Published: June 2020

Sokoto State having a land mass of 25,973 km² and located in Northwestern Nigeria has a population of about 5.7 million people. Over 80% of the people are farmers living predominantly in the rural areas. As a consequence of this they are both financially and digitally excluded from participating in the formal and increasingly digitalized global economy. Sokoto State Zakat and Waqf (Endowment) Commission (SOZECOM) Nigeria aims to drastically reduce the widespread prevalence of poverty in the state. SOZECOM utilizes an extensive network of volunteers covering all the districts in the state. Almost 50% of the rural population own or have access to mobile phones. By using this network and the access to mobile phones, SOZECOM aims to bridge the gap in financial services between the mostly rural areas and the urban centre through the development of a framework involving the use of volunteers as agents. This will greatly assist in the collection, management and distribution of both zakat and waqf funds. This paper presents the activities undertaken, for greater rural financial inclusivity and participation in the digital economy, the opportunity and constraints.
Artificial Intelligence Usage in Zakat Optimization
Authors: Nugraha Fajar , Permadia Sendi , Gunawan Aditya Rahmat , Saeful Erip
Published: June 2020

The development of big data and Artificial Intelligence is a challenge and also opportunity in managing zakat. Dramatically changes of technology could impact on social life and employment throughout the world, including zakat institutions. This study discusses changes in the management of zakat in 4.0 industrial revolution era, and how big data and Artificial Intelligence take over part of amil duties. The method used in this research is qualitative with a constructivistic paradigm. The research subject of this study is Rumah Zakat as the national zakat institution, with the object of research on the change in management of zakat from zakat 1.0 era to the era of zakat 4.0 and any AI technology that can take over part of amil duties. There is a change in the management of zakat from the zakat 1.0 era to the zakat 4.0 era which is certainly influenced by the development of industrial revolution. The presence of AI technology has taken over part of the amil duties at Rumah Zakat, which is in charge of serving both muzakki and mustahiq. With the presence of various artificial intelligence and big data devices, made the tasks of amil are simpler, more time-saving, and more efficient.
The Impact of Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Umat (PPEU) YBM PLN Program in Merapi Merbabu Complex: Working Capital Loan based on Lariba Operates
Authors: Dewi Yosa Novia
Published: June 2020

People who do not have capital and assets really expect a loan without interest. However, it is almost impossible for financial institutions to disburse loans without interest. They eventually became entangled in loan sharks to get a capital loan which caused them to live in riba for years. This is the background of the Yayasan Baitul Maal (YBM) PLN present in the midst of the community through the Pesantren Merapi Merbabu Community by launching the Program Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Umat (PPEU) in the form of farm capital loans without riba. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact assessment of Program Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Umat. This research uses quantitative methods through filling out questionnaires by 83 beneficiaries and the qualitative method was carried out by interviews and Focuss Group Discusions. Program impact evaluation is measured using SLIA (Sustainable Livelihood Impact Assessment) and MSC (Most Significant Change). The results of the study showed that beneficiaries were very satisfied with the “Farm Capital Loan without riba" program they received with an average score of 86%. Meanwhile the results of the evaluation from 5 aspects SLIA are as follows: the economic aspect increases by 0.5, the social aspect rises by 0.6, the da'wah aspect rises by 2.0, the spiritual aspect rises by 1.4, and the human resource aspect rises by 0.8. The results of this study are expected to recommendation for relevant stakeholders in order to optimize the community's economic improvement program.
Model of Optimal Zakat Allocation By Using Data Envelopment Analysis Approach
Authors: Sarasi Vita , Primiana Ina , Masyita Dian , Yunizar Yunizar
Published: June 2020

An optimization model of allocation of zakat fund and recipients is developed based on the Data Envelopment Analysis - Resource Allocation Model (DEA-RAM). The quantitative method plays an important role in optimal allocation of zakat delivery programs performed by some zakat institutions; that is by reallocation of initial setting of the zakat fund and beneficiaries numbers. It raises the needs of improvements in their recent strategies on the programs by the institutions. Zakat institutions, even the government as regulator, should have a clear focus on the poverty-empowerment-based programs in providing needed capitals for poverty empowerment. They are expected to create certain conditions in order to prevent excessive of fund allocation for the charity-based delivery programs.
The Potential of Application of Technology Based Innovations for Zakat Administration in India
Authors: Muneeza Aishath , Nadwi Shahbaz
Published: June 2020

India is the home country for many Muslims and effective management of zakah is essential to the country. In this era of technology, it is imperative to fuse technology with zakat to ensure that the classical zakat administration approaches are upgraded to the uruf or customary practices of the society. The objective of this paper is to find out the potential of using technology in upgrading zakat administration in India. This is a qualitative approach where the primary sources such as zakat administration laws in India and secondary sources such as journal articles and published reports on the subject are analysed to derive conclusions. The findings of this paper suggests that the innovations such as rice ATMs, mobile applications, applications made with blockchain technology, artificial intelligence and big data can also play a vital role in the effective management of zakat in India. It is anticipated that the outcome of this research will assist the zakat administrators in India to adopt technology in this regard.
Influencing Factors of Muzaki Use and Receive Zakat Payment Platform
Authors: Nuryahya Erwanda , Mahri A Jajang W , Nurasyiah Aas
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this paper was to determine the factors that affect muzaki receive and use the platform to pay zakat. The method used in this research is a descriptive method with a quantitative approach to muzaki ever to its digital pay zakat institutions with a total of 100 respondents. The results show that the performance expectations, expectations of the business have a high influence on behavioral intentions muzaki in receiving and using the online zakat payment platform and condition of the facility, behavioral intentions have a high influence on the behavior of using muzaki in accepting and using the online zakat payment platform. This is caused by the belief muzaki against an online zakat payment platform that can pay zakat faster completion when compared to pay zakat offline and convenience perceived by muzaki when paying zakat using the online zakat payment platform. Of course, trust muzaki and ease of platform features online zakat payment can be a relevant factor in the platform online zakat payment made by the institution of zakat.
The Influence of the Implementation of Total Quality Management and the Implementation of Good Governance on the Muzakki Trust (Study on Amil Zakat Institution in Batam City)
Authors: Santoso Cahyo Budi , Gamal Ahmad
Published: June 2020

Zakat becomes part of the obligations of Muslims who must be paid and given to those who are entitled to receive zakat. The distribution of zakat which is intended for the recipient and the amount of zakat is often not recorded accurately. There is a discrepancy between the amount of zakat and the number of recipients of zakat. Then a new breakthrough is needed through the implementation of toral quality management and the application of good governance so that it is expected that all incoming zakat and the number of recipients of zakat can be recorded.

This study aims to examine the effect of the implementation of total quality management and the role of good governance on muzakki trust (a study at the Amil Zakat Institute in Batam City). The population in this study is the number of residents of the city of Batam in 2017 amounted to 1,062,250 inhabitants. Determination of the sample using the formula Hair, et al (2010) so that the total sample is 100 respondents. Data analysis using multiple linear regression with SPSS 23.

The results of the study can be concluded that the implementation of total quality management has a significant positive effect on muzakki trust, the application of good governance has a significant negative effect on muzakki trust and the implementation of total quality management and the application of good governance simultaneously has a significant positive effect on muzakki trust.
Optimization of Masjid-Based Zakat Management: A Graduation Empowerment Approach
Authors: Wediawati Besse , Setiawati Rike , Gunawan Agung
Published: June 2020

Research related to optimizing zakat management has been widely discussed, as well as masjid-based objects, but research related to optimizing zakat at masjid focusing on the application of graduation empowerment is still rarely found. This research initiated the concept of graduation empowerment in the Masjid-based zakat Management. Thus, the mustahik around the masjid can be managed systematically so that the graduation process into muzkki can be measured and effective. This article is a conceptual study through a literature review of selected articles that examine best practices both in microfinance and in social funds for the poor. Empowerment of graduations at the Masjid can be done effectively through: 1) The masjid has baitul maal and baitul tamwil (BMT) as divisions that manage the social funds of Masjid worshipers; 2) BMT builds a mustahik and muzakki database as a basis for making maps of community empowerment; 3) BMT designs graduation empowerment for mustahik through holistic intermediation; 4) professional managers; 5) partnerships with technical assistance providers; 6) program and reporting transparency

Keywords: Optimization, Masjid-Based, Zakat Management, Graduation empowerment, BMT
Preparedness Response of Indonesian Tax Offices Concerning the Zakat as a Taxable-Income Deduction
Authors: Siswantoro Dodik , Nurhayati Sri
Published: June 2020

This paper aims to analyze the preparedness response of tax offices on the issue of the zakat as a taxable-income deduction. Act No. 17/2000, at the top level, and Government regulation No. 60/2010 supports this policy in detail. However, many people do not claim restitution regarding this policy. This paper uses primary data gathered from phone interviews. Seven tax offices, including service centers, were interviewed in March 2012. The paper provides evidence that each tax office had different responses, provided less information, and acted unsupportive on the issue. In addition, the process of restitution for tax claims is difficult and unfavorable from the zakat payer’s perspective. New tax regulations must be supported by clear information socialization and efficient tax restitution process from tax the office. Otherwise, it would not be effective as the benefits may be smaller than the effort.

Keywords: Zakat, tax office, response, Indonesia, preparedness
The Variables that Affect Compliance of Muslim Merchants for Zakat Maal in the District of Cianjur
Authors: Husen Sobana Dadang , Ahmad Husaeni Uus , Jamil Irpan , Saepudin Dadang
Published: June 2020

The purpose of this study is to determine the variables that affect the level of compliance among Muslim merchants in the implementation of zakat maal. The quantitative method was used for the investigation and the results were compiled by multiple linear regression analysis. The total population enrolled in this study comprised 100 Muslim merchants. A non-probability sampling technique with this type of sampling was considered suitable for the purpose of this research that the sample collection purpose adapted to the purpose of research. Based on the results of multiple linear regression testing, it can be concluded that compliance zakat maal is affected by the variable level of education, level of income, commitment to Islamic rule, perceptions Zakat justice and transparency of zakat institution.

Keywords: Compliance; welfare; Muslim merchants; zakat institution; zakat maal