bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Medical vocabulary in the dilogy of I. Ilf and E. Petrov "Twelve chairs" and "Golden Calf"
Authors: Zav'yalov Viktor Nikolaevich , Sidorova Alevtina YUr'evna
Published: December 2024

The relationship between medicine and literature has long attracted the attention of specialists, because medicine, as an integral part of human existence, is reflected in the field of culture. Based on this, the object of this article is the medical thesaurus of a literary text, and its subject is its lexical and thematic representation. The texts of the dilogy of I. Ilf and E. Petrov were chosen as the research material, because they have not yet been systematically described in this way. The aim of the work is to identify special groups of medical vocabulary in both novels and to determine its pictorial and expressive function. The relevance of the article lies in the fact that it describes the dilogy in the context of modern medical discourse research, which is very actively developing today. The article uses descriptive and field methods. In the first case, the necessary empirical research data are identified, and in the second, they relate to each other on lexico–thematic, poetic and discursive principles. The scientific novelty of the research is the approach to medical vocabulary in dilogy from the point of view of the "poetics of medicine". It is established that in both works the vocabulary naming the external anatomical components of the human body is widely represented. Along with this, there is a vocabulary denoting bone and cavities of the body, skin and hair, secretions and fluids secreted by the body. A special place in the dilogy is occupied by the names of diseases (mental and physical), their symptoms and consequences. All this is accompanied by vocabulary representing medicines, the medical care system, and medical accessories. Based on the conducted research, it was found out that the authors of the dilogy, I. Ilf and E. Petrov, understood medical topics well both at the household and clinical level. At the same time, the medical vocabulary used by them is an integral part of the visual and expressive fabric of both novels.
Features of some counting nouns in modern Russian and their national and cultural specificity
Authors: Basalaeva Elena Gennad'evna , Spilman Marina  Vladimirovna
Published: December 2024

The article examines countable nouns (pyatak, dvushka, etc.), which refer to peripheral means of expressing quantity. In the semantics of such words, the meaning of plurality appears along with a specific subject meaning. There are different approaches to countable nouns (broad and narrow), which entails the problem of the composition of countable nouns, which can be solved by presenting them in the form of a lexical-semantic field. In addition, this vocabulary belongs to the category of nationally specific, which is manifested in its complete or partial non-equivalence in different languages. In the analysis of the material, traditional methods of semasiological study of the word were used: component, definitional, distributional, contextual, discourse analysis, as well as the modeling method. The lexical-semantic field of countable nouns is presented as follows. The core zone includes countable nouns proper, which are lexically and grammatically dependent, in them the idea of ​​quantity is combined with objectivity (ten, dozen, pair). The perinuclear zone contains nouns that name numbers (two, three, ten, etc.). On the periphery are words in which the meaning of quantity is more likely to be guessed, since it is almost completely absorbed by the meaning of objectivity (two, three, etc.). On the deep periphery are nouns with the meaning of "names of persons" (a three-year student, etc.). The article examines the peculiarities of the use of countable nouns in modern Russian. Thus, the sphere of their functioning is mainly colloquial speech (including urban vernacular and partly urban slang). At the same time, a number of countable nouns are used extremely rarely (dozen), while others are used actively and develop new meanings (two). National-specific features of this vocabulary are revealed, due to their partial lack of equivalence.
Efficacy of Uterine Artery Doppler Changes, Platelet Indices and Combination of Both in Prediction of Preeclampsia in Pregnant Women: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Fatima Firdous , Shah Sangeeta , Shah Sangeeta , Shah Disha , Mitra Mrinalini , Nishitha Tummala
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Preeclampsia is a pregnancy-specific medical disorder characterised by an abnormal vascular response to placentation. Uterine artery Doppler ultrasound has emerged as a predictive tool in preeclampsia. Abnormal Doppler waveforms have been associated with impaired placental perfusion and an increased risk of developing preeclampsia. Preeclampsia is associated with alterations in platelet function and activation. The estimation of platelet indices is an easy and economical method for screening preeclampsia. Abnormal uterine artery Doppler findings and abnormal platelet indices are both related to the etiological pathways of preeclampsia.

Aim: To compare the efficacy of uterine artery Doppler changes, platelet indices alone and their combination in predicting preeclampsia among pregnant women.

Materials and Methods: This was a prospective observational study conducted Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Gandhi Hospital in Secunderabad, Telangana, India, over 18 months, including 160 pregnant women aged 18-35 years with singleton pregnancies between 20-24 weeks of gestational age. Doppler ultrasound and platelet indices were measured and patients were followed-up until delivery for the development of preeclampsia. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were constructed and sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were determined to predict preeclampsia.

Results: The mean age of the study population was 25.9±4.04 years. The sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive Value (PPV), Negative Predictive Value (NPV) and accuracy of platelet indices in predicting preeclampsia alone were 67.71%, 59.38%, 71.43%, 55.07% and 64.38%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and accuracy of the uterine artery Doppler indices in predicting preeclampsia alone were 77.08%, 68.75%, 78.72%, 66.67% and 73.75%. The combined assessment of uterine artery Doppler study and platelet indices in the prognostication of preeclampsia had a sensitivity of 85.42%, specificity of 82.81%, PPV of 88.17% and NPV of 79.10%, with improved accuracy of 84.38%.

Conclusion: A combination of uterine artery Doppler ultrasound with platelet indices is easy to use, affordable, readily available in clinical settings and more effective in predicting preeclampsia than when used individually.
Comparative Evaluation of Salivary Flow Rate in Oral Submucous Fibrosis Patients before and after Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation: A Research Protocol
Authors: Teredesai Tanaya , Dangore Suwarna
Published: December 2024

Introduction: A persistent, precancerous, and frequently debilitating condition-Oral Submucous Fibrosis (OSMF) is characterised by a slowly progressing fibrosis of the oropharynx and oral cavity. A reduction in salivary flow is one of the common symptoms experienced by sufferers. Using electric current to stimulate nerves, Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation (TENS) can be an effective method for improving salivation. TENS serves as a simple, affordable, and non invasive approach that can decrease the discomfort associated with long-lasting hyposalivation.

Need of the Study: Although the effectiveness of TENS on salivary flow rate has been studied in various conditions, there is a lack of evidence or studies describing the effect of TENS on salivary flow rate in patients with OSMF. This has led to the intention of the present study.

Aim: To evaluate and compare the salivary flow rate in OSMF patients before and after TENS.

Materials and Methods: This prospective research investigation will be conducted in the Department of Radiology and Oral Medicine, Sharad Pawar Dental College and Hospital, Sawangi, wardha, Maharashtra, India, from February 2024 to January 2025. Patients aged between 18 and 45 years suffering from OSMF will be included in the study, evaluated based on the Inventory of Xerostomia (XI) questionnaire to confirm reduced salivation. Each patient will receive TENS treatment at 40 Hz for 15 minutes. The Modified Schirmer Test (MST) will be used to evaluate the salivary flow rate before and after TENS therapy. All findings will be recorded in a tabular format and subjected to appropriate statistical tests to evaluate the statistical significance regarding the improvement in salivary flow rate.
Lichen Scrofulosorum: A Case Report
Authors: S Gayathri , Megalai A Sakthi , G Sukanya , M Ilanjiyan
Published: December 2024

Lichen Scrofulosorum (LS) is an uncommon tuberculid that was initially described by Hebra in 1868 and typically affects children and young adults. Tuberculids are hypersensitivity reactions in the skin caused by internal Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. These eruptive lesions result from bacilli spreading through the bloodstream in a host with high resistance to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Although uncommon, this condition can be a valuable indicator of tuberculosis. Patients with LS typically exhibit a strong tuberculin reaction, concomitant tuberculous involvement of lymph nodes, bone, or other organs, and they show a good response to Antitubercular Therapy (ATT). Hereby, the authors present a case report of a 35-year-old female who presented with multiple papules on her face for five years. A detailed examination revealed no tuberculin reaction, no lymph node involvement, and a good response to ATT. Therefore, LS is a tuberculid that may resemble several other dermatological disorders, necessitating a thorough effort to verify the diagnosis.
Analysis of Preanalytical Errors in Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory of a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Balasundararaj Dhanalakshmi , Prabhu M Senthil , Thilagarajan S , Rajendran Kathiravan
Published: December 2024

Introduction: Pre-analytical phase of laboratory testing is the most susceptible phase, as errors in this phase leads to more than 50% of erroneous results and often breaches the trust of the stakeholders on the quality of the laboratory results. Many pre-analytical errors occur during the pre-analytical phase, encompassing sample collection, labelling and transportationfactors often beyond the laboratory’s direct control.

Aim: To determine the type and frequency of pre-analytical errors leading to sample rejection in clinical biochemistry laboratory.

Materials and Methods: Being a retrospective descriptive study, convenient sampling was used to analyse sample rejection due to pre-analytical errors in clinical biochemistry laboratory of a tertiary care teaching hospital- PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India for a period of six months from May 2023 to October 2023. All the cases/blood samples from Outpatient Department (OPD) and Inpatient Department (IPD), received and rejected during this period were included under study. The data collection and analysis was done over a period of five months using the sample rejection and resample description from Laboratory Information System (LIS). Using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28.0, data were summarised using descriptive statistics such as numbers and percentages.

Results: During the six months period out of the total of 667454 samples, 1505 (0.23%) samples were rejected due to pre-analytical errors. The majority of the samples which were rejected were from IPD than OPD. Among the pre-analytical errors, haemolysis accounted for 806 (53.6%), clotted samples 256 (17%), delta check 217 (14.4%), insufficient sample 129 (8.6%), contamination 74 (4.9%), identification error 14 (0.9%), sample without request form 3 (0.2%) while missing samples, billing error, inappropriate tube, delay in transport and wrong test selection accounted for <3 (0.1%).

Conclusion: Haemolysis and clotted samples were the most common pre-analytical causes for sample rejection in the laboratory. The samples from IPD were rejected more often than OPD due to incorrect phlebotomy techniques. This accentuates the need for proper hands-on phlebotomy training sessions for novice nurses following their recruitment, as their competency will be instrumental in bringing down the errors in pre-analytical phase.
Early Onset Renal Amyloidosis in Section a Case of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Case Report
Authors: Mishra Rashmi , Golani Mahak , Kumar Naresh , Maich Grisha , Bargali Arun
Published: December 2024

Amyloidosis refers to a group of disorders characterised by the deposition of misfolded amyloid proteins in various tissues, leading to organ dysfunction. Secondary (AA) amyloidosis is most commonly associated with chronic inflammatory conditions such as Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), where persistent inflammation triggers the overproduction of Serum Amyloid A (SAA) protein, which subsequently deposits as amyloid fibrils. Renal involvement is frequent in AA amyloidosis, often manifesting as nephrotic syndrome due to amyloid deposition in the glomeruli. Present case is of a 38-year-old female with a five-year history of RA, who was on methotrexate and sulfasalazine, and presented with frothy urine and progressive anasarca over two months. She exhibited a highgrade fever, cough, shortness of breath and right-sided chest pain. Examination revealed bilateral pedal oedema, facial puffiness, and signs of pleural effusion and ascites. Urine examination indicated nephrotic-range proteinuria, and pleural fluid analysis revealed a transudative effusion. A kidney biopsy confirmed AA amyloidosis, with positive Congo red staining and apple-green birefringence. This case highlights the unusual early onset of AA amyloidosis in RA, developing only five years postdiagnosis, significantly earlier than the typical median of 19 years. Despite well-managed RA and minimal disability, the patient developed nephrotic syndrome and subsequent immunosuppression, culminating in empyema. This case underscores the unpredictable progression of RA-related complications and highlights the critical need for vigilant monitoring and proactive management strategies.
Exploring Potential of Organo-mineral Fertilizers in Augmenting Crop Yield and Quality – A Review
Authors: V Varalakshmi, , T Bhagyalakshmi , Mirji Shivakumar
Published: December 2024

Inorganic fertilizers are essential for improving crop yield and quality through enhanced crop efficiency.  However, their continuous use often causes nutrient imbalances, leading to poor yield and quality. Organic manures, while effective in improving soil fertility and crop productivity, face challenges such as limited availability, variable quality, transportation issues, heavy metal contamination and slow nutrient release. The exclusive dependence of either organic or inorganic fertilizers has not adequately fulfilled the increasing demands for enhanced agricultural output and quality. To address these challenges, organo-mineral fertilizers (OMFs) have emerged as an innovative solution. OMFs are derived from the combination of mineral and organic nutrient sources, integrating the benefits of both. This low input technology supplies nutrients in balanced quantities that are readily and steadily available throughout the growing season. OMFs improve soil physical properties, enhance fertility and support sustainable crop production. They also promote plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stress, offering a holistic approach to agricultural challenges. The development of OMFs aligns with the recycling of urban, industrial and agricultural residues, reducing dependency on raw materials for chemical fertilizers and contributing to environmental sustainability. Advances in OMF preparation, using various mineral and organic matrices, have demonstrated their ability to address nutrient deficiencies, particularly in tropical soils, where poor fertility often limits productivity. OMFs enhance soil physico-chemical and biological properties, addressing soil degradation while improving crop yield and quality. They ensure an optimal supply of nutrients, support long-term soil health and align with modern fertilizer management strategies aimed at sustainable agricultural productivity. In conclusion, OMFs are a promising solution for boosting crop quality and yield while maintaining soil fertility. By incorporating the advantages of organic and inorganic inputs, they provide a balanced, sustainable, and efficient strategy to address growing demands for food production.
Effect of Restraint Stress and Cadmium Chloride Administration on Cerebral Antioxidants in Female Wistar Rats
Authors: Owolabi Gbenga Opeyemi , Oyewale Toluwalase Oyenike , Jejelaye Esther Atinuke , Osinaike Dorcas Oluwaseun , Offiong Innocent Effiom
Published: December 2024

Cadmium is a toxic heavy metal which promotes oxidative stress in various organs including the brain. Restraint stress is a model of stress which involves physical constraint to induce homeostatic imbalance. This study aimed to evaluate the interaction of restraint stress and cadmium toxicity on cerebral antioxidants in female Wistar rats. 24 female Wistar rats (180-220g) were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=6 each): Control (CTL), Restraint stress alone (RSS), Cadmium alone (CCC), Cadmium + Restraint stress (RSC). The experimental groups were subjected to cadmium chloride 100mg/kg b.w. orally and restraint stress for 30 minutes using wire mesh. 24 hours post last cadmium administration and restraint stress exposure, all animals were anaesthetized and sacrificed. The brain was excised, homogenized and analyzed for antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase), lipid peroxidation (Malondialdehyde). Results showed that there was significant (p<0.05) decrease in superoxide dismutase in cadmium alone and restraint stress alone groups when compared to control. In the restraint stress alone and cadmium alone groups, cerebral catalase was significantly (p˂0.05) decreased when compared to Control. Additionally, a marked (p˂0.05) decrease in catalase activity was observed in cadmium + restraint group when compared to restraint stress alone and Cadmium alone groups. Furthermore, cadmium exposure led to a notable (p˂0.05) decrease in cerebral glutathione peroxidase when compared to control. The combined exposure to cadmium and restraint stress significantly (p˂0.05) decreased cerebral glutathione peroxidase when compared to restraint stress and Cadmium alone groups. In the cadmium alone group, there was a pronounced (p<0.05) increase in Malondialdehyde when compared to the control group. In conclusion, this present study have shown that combined exposure to cadmium and restraint stress increased free radical production and significantly decreased antioxidant system indicating that combined mechanism of both factors adversely induced neurological damage.
The Role of Sudden Weight Loss as an Early Indicator of Diabetes Onset in Prediabetic and Newly Diagnosed Diabetic Patients
Authors: Anggraini Tyas , Isworo Slamet , Rachmani Enny , Arsita Cynthia , Konoralma Rahel Amanda , Setiawan Andreas Wilson , Kusumaningrum Lely , Pratiwi Surya Ayu , Hanif Daffa Zaedan , Paksi Iksa Yoda , Widnyan Ni Komang
Published: December 2024

Background and Objective: Sudden weight loss is a potential early indicator of metabolic disorders commonly associated with diabetes, although its role in the early detection of the disease has not been extensively studied. Therefore, further exploration is needed to evaluate whether unexplained weight loss can serve as a more significant risk factor or marker for early diabetes detection, as well as to understand the metabolic changes occurring in the body of individuals with diabetes. This study investigates the relationship between unexplained sudden weight loss and early diagnosis of diabetes in prediabetic patients and newly diagnosed diabetic patients.
Methods: This research employed a cross-sectional observational design, analyzing the association between sudden weight loss and a diabetes diagnosis using statistical tools such as SPSS.
Results: The findings revealed a statistically significant relationship, as indicated by a p-value of 0.001 and an odds ratio of 8.39, suggesting that individuals experiencing unexplained weight loss are eight times more likely to be diagnosed with diabetes.
Discussion: These results suggest that sudden weight loss may serve as an important diagnostic clue in identifying individuals at risk for diabetes at an early stage, particularly in high-risk populations.
Conclusion: The findings support the need for healthcare providers to consider unexplained weight loss as a potential warning sign for the onset of diabetes, prompting earlier screening and intervention.
Advancing Micro Plastic Analysis: A Comprehensive Review of Detection and Characterization Techniques
Authors: Sesay Richard Edmond Victor , Azizi Mohammad Imran , Rahmani Bahirullah , Rajendra Prashad
Published: December 2024

This review paper critically evaluates the current state of micro plastic detection and characterization methods, highlighting the significant environmental and health risks posed by microplastics. Microplastics, categorized into primary and secondary types, are ubiquitous in various ecosystems, raising concerns about their impacts on aquatic life and human health. The paper discusses the diverse characteristics of microplastics and the challenges associated with their detection in complex environmental matrices. An overview of existing detection methods, including visual identification, spectroscopic techniques, and emerging technologies such as automated imaging and machine learning, is provided. Additionally, the review addresses the environmental fate and transport of microplastics, their interactions with biota, and the socio-economic implications of pollution. Emphasizing the need for standardized methodologies and innovative solutions, the paper calls for enhanced public awareness and policy initiatives to mitigate the pervasive threat of microplastics, thereby contributing to global environmental sustainability efforts.
A Study on the Prevalence of Inguinal Hernia at Keluarga Sehat Hospital Pati, Indonesia
Authors: Suryanto Teguh , Rachmani Enny , Isworo Slamet
Published: December 2024

Background and Objective: Inguinal hernia is a common medical condition, with potential serious complications such as incarcerated or strangulated hernias. Keluarga Sehat Hospital Pati, a Type C hospital, reports a significant number of patient visits. This study aims to determine the prevalence of inguinal hernia at Keluarga Sehat Hospital Pati in 2023 and to describe the demographic characteristics of the affected patients.
Methods: This descriptive observational study analyzed the medical records of inguinal hernia patients treated at Keluarga Sehat Hospital Pati in 2023. Data were analyzed using SPSS for univariate analysis of categorical (gender, occupation) and numerical (age) variables.
Results: Among 164 inguinal hernia patients, the majority were male (157 patients; 95.7%) with a mean age of 52.19 years (SD = 19.94 years). The most common age groups were 52-61 years (29.9%) and 62-71 years (29.3%). The most frequent occupations were farmers (18.9%) and self-employed individuals (10.4%).
Conclusion: The prevalence of inguinal hernia at Keluarga Sehat Hospital Pati was predominantly found in males, particularly within the 52-71 years age group. These findings highlight the need for better healthcare planning and public awareness, especially for individuals in physical labor occupations and those in middle to older age groups.
Phytochemical Screening, Chromatographic Profiling and Anxiolytic Effect of Raphia australis Ethanol Extract in Adult Male Mice
Authors: Arisekola Muyiwa , Oyemitan Idris , Oyedeji Opeoluwa O. , Oyedeji Adebola O.
Published: December 2024

Aim: This study seeks to evaluate the anxiolytic effect of the ethanol extract of the pulp of Raphia australis when tested in adult male mice, and to identify some of the anxiolytic secondary metabolites present in the plant’s pulp extract.
Methodology: Phytochemical screening was carried out to determine the various classes of secondary metabolites present in the ethanol extract of R. australis. Both column chromatography and Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometer (LC-MS) were utilized to identify the bioactive compounds present in the ethanol extract of the pulp of Raphia australis. The extract was further subjected to Novelty Induced behaviour and anxiolytic tests using 4 groups of mice for each experiment comprising 5 mice in each group (n=5). Group one was administered normal saline (0.09% w/v NaCl. p.o) while 2 and 3 were administered 500 mgKg-1 and 1000 mgKg-1 (p.o) of ethanol extract of Raphia australis respectively. Group four was administered 2 mgKg-1, (p.o.) of diazepam (control).
Results: The phytochemical screening result was positive for all the classes of secondary metabolites tested for. The LC-MS results revealed the presence of proanthocyanidin (m/z 577.1354), catechin (m/z 289.0704), epicatechin (m/z 289.0700), protocatechuic acid (m/z 153.0200), umbelliferon (m/z 353.0868) and quinic acid (m/z 191.0571). When mice were injected with Raphia australis extract at the doses of 500 mg Kg-1 and 1000 mgKg-1, statistically significant results were obtained for grooming (p>0.01), head dipping (p>0.01) and anxiolytic (p>0.05) tests.
Conclusion: Raphia australis contains bioactive compounds which could be utilized for relief of stress and anxiety.
Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis at the Sylvanus Olympio University Hospital Center
Authors: Djagadou Kodjo Agbeko , Djalogue Lihanimpo , Tchala Abou-bakari , Ngassu Platini , Djibril Mohaman Awalou
Published: December 2024

Objective: describe the epidemiological, clinical, paraclinical and therapeutic aspect of extrapulmonary tuberculosis at Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sylvanus Olympio in Lomé.
Methodology: This was a retrospective and descriptive study over a period of 4 years, from November 2019 to October 2023, of extrapulmonary tuberculosis cases diagnosed at CHU SO in Lomé, and put on treatment.
Results: We identified 132 cases of extrapulmonary tuberculosis during this period. The average of age of patients was 43.39 years old, with the extreme of 4 and 85 years. Low socioeconomic level was found on 65.2 % of patients. An history of tuberculosis contamination was found on 4.6 % of patients. On the 132 patients of our study, 31 performed BCG vaccination. An HIV infection was found on 21.2 %. In our study, loss of weight was found on 94 patients and 60 patients had vesperal fever. In our study the main localization was osteoarticular with 53.0 %. The diagnosis was presumptive in 78.8 % of cases. A confirmation diagnosis was most often histological (12.1 %). All our patients received a standard antituberculosis treatment, RHEZ during the initial phase. We noticed 3.0 % of death with a significative association with HIV infection.
Conclusion: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis concerns all groups of age. Immunodepression favors its development. Its diagnosis is most often presumptive.
Social and Health Inequality in Nigeria: A Survey of Ajegunle Slum Dwellers of Lagos State
Authors: Iwegbu Ewere Rosemary
Published: December 2024

Social disadvantage and inequalities in health outcomes are critically and significantly related in many ways. The study uses the Ajegunle Area of Lagos in Lagos State, Nigeria as the study area. The concept of slums and social and health inequality has been explored greatly, itemizing the key factors that affect health and the impact on the environment, health, and the economy. The study further revealed the level of inequality access to Health facilities and service delivery suffered by Slum dwellers. Also, it exposed the high level of decay of Social Amenities in Slum Settlements occasioned by age-long neglect by the government. The study's findings will serve as valuable material for future research on slum settlements and their impact on health outcomes, potentially prompting government intervention. This intervention could include building better road networks, affordable housing, functional health centers, and providing essential services like electricity, waste disposal, clean water, and employment opportunities. The study also advocates for eliminating socio-economic and health inequalities in Nigeria through greater government commitment to improving people's lives in all regions of the country.
Kinetics of Non-exchangeable Potassium Release in Rice-groundnut Cropping System under Alluvial Soils of Odisha, India
Authors: Das D. , Sasmal Saugata , Jena D.
Published: December 2024

Non exchangeable K release can very much influence soil K fertility. The experiment was carried out to investigate the amount of non-exchangeable potassium released from Inceptisols with rice-groundnut cropping system and to use various kinetic equations to describe the release. Release rates of non-exchangeable potassium were determined for five different soils collected from rice-groundnut cropping system fertilized @ 0 and 40 kg K ha-1 over three years. The non-exch K release rate was studied by successive extraction with 0.01M CaCl2 methods. The results show that the proportion of exch.K and non-exch.K to total K varied between 2.76 to 4.95% and 8.39 to 9.95%, respectively. Per cent of clay or silt+clay correlated significantly with water soluble, exch. and non-exch. K. Five mathematical models (elovich equation, power function, parabolic diffusion, first and zero order equation) were used to describe cumulative K release pattern. The elovich and parabolic equation described the K release kinetics satisfactory as evidenced by the highest correlation coefficients and lowest values of standard error of estimates (SEE). The release of Step-K and CR-K was higher in state recommend dose (SRD) than K control which concluded that the SRD of K (40 kgha-1) is adequate to sustain the productivity of intensive rice-ground nut cropping system in alluvial soils of Odisha.
Prediction of Air Quality Index Based on Support Vector Machine and Improved Butterfly Optimization Algorithm
Authors: Han Xiang
Published: December 2024

Air pollution is an increasingly serious problem. Air pollution has been become a main cause of environmental degradation and health effects. Accurate prediction of air quality can help improve environmental quality and human living conditions. The traditional methods for predicting the air quality index have the problem of low accuracy and efficiency. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a novel support vector machine prediction model based on improved butterfly optimization algorithm, which is called IBOA-SVM model. In the improved butterfly optimization algorithm, the sigmoid function is used to optimize the update of the parameter c, which increases the search diversity and improves the convergence speed. The performance of the improved butterfly optimization algorithm is verified using eight benchmark functions. Compared with performances of the traditional butterfly optimization algorithm and the particle swarm optimization algorithm, the improved butterfly optimization algorithm has strong competitiveness in accuracy and stability. We establish the IBOA-SVM prediction model for forecasting air quality based on the improved butterfly optimization algorithm. The performance of our proposed model is compared with other predicting models. The experimental results show that our proposed model has higher accuracy and efficiency in predicting the air quality index of four cities in southern China.
Soil Organic Carbon in Three Selected Agroforestry System at Temperate Zone (2000-2800m) of North Western Himalaya, Uttarakhand, India
Authors: K.Vikrant K. , Chauhan D.S. , R.H.Rizvi  , Raj Anupama , Kumari Kavita
Published: December 2024

Climate change is largely driven by the increased concentration of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide (CO₂) in the atmosphere. While halting climate change entirely may not be feasible at this point, mitigating its effects is crucial, and agroforestry is one of the key strategies that can help in this regard and to mitigate some of its consequences by reducing CO₂ in the atmosphere and promoting sustainable land management. Therefore, the objective of this study was to collate and synthesize the existing information on the soil organic carbon with three agroforestry system (viz.Agrihortisystem, Agrihortisilviculture system and Agrisilviculture system ) at temperate region in North Western Himalaya , Uttarakhand, India.The present study was carried out durung the year 2016-2018.Stratified random sampling techniques were used for this study. Ten sample plots (100m2) were randomly laid out in each agroforestry system in temperate zone (2000-2800m) of each developmental block. Soil organic carbon was determined at three different depth 0-10, 10-20 and 20-30 cm. Soil organic carbon was determined using the Walkley and Black method. Weighing bottle method were used for determining bulk density. The results revealed considerable that SOC of agroforestry systems goes along with the following order: Agrihortisystem (45.72 MgCha-1) >Agrihortisilviculture system (24.99 MgC ha-1) >Agrisilvi culture system (23.79 MgC ha-1) The study concluded that the agrihorticulture system at higher altitudes (2000-2800 m) had a significantly greater soil organic carbon pool. It was suggested that, if necessary, converting agricultural fields to agrihorticulture systems in the Northwestern Himalayas could enhance soil carbon sequestration.
DFT Study of Coordination of N-Monochlorosubstituation Derivatives of Biguanide
Authors: François AÏDOTE , Amah KUEVI Urbain , Gaston KPOTIN Assongba , Sylvain ATOHON Guy.
Published: December 2024

Biguanides [HN=C(NR1R2)-NH-C(NR3R4)=NH] constitute an important family of molecules used as drugs in the treatment of diabetes. It is known that some transition metal complexes with given organic compounds deeply increase both therapeutic actions of the metal and the organic compound. The chlorine atom, a preferred substitute in pharmacy, improves the effectiveness of drugs and reduces their side effects. The mesmeric +M effect of the chlorine atom would make it possible to enhance the nucleophilic character of any N-chlorosubstituted nitrogen.
In this work a theoretical study of coordination of N-chlorine derivatives of biguanide is carried out mainly at the DFT/B3LYP/6-31G (d, p) level. The Gaussian 09 & 03, HyperChem softwares and the DCENT-QSAR program are used. The coordinating possibility of each ligand were studied analyzing some coordinating indicators as: interatomic bond lengths, atomic charges, molecular electrostatic potentials, frontier orbital structures and electrophilic superdelocalizability. Then, the formation of its complex with zinc (II) has been calculated.
The results of the calculations revealed the imine nitrogen atoms as the most favorable coordination sites. Bioactive complexes of these ligands with Zn (II) are modelled. Testing the bioavailability of obtained complexes according to the Lipinski rules of 5, we noticed that they can be considered as drug-candidates.
Multi-trait Analysis and Clustering of Forage Pearl Millet Genotypes in Semi-arid Conditions
Authors: Supriya Patel , Singode Avinash , Reddy D. Mohan , Ronda Venkateswarlu , Nayak D. Seva , Reddisekhar M.
Published: December 2024

The present study evaluated genetic variability and trait associations in 103 forage pearl millet genotypes (97 genotypes and 6 checks) across three distinct environments (e.g., the Kharif season of 2022 (E1), Summer season of 2023 (E2), and Kharif season of 2023 (E3)) during 2022-23. Sixteen morphological traits were assessed using a randomized complete block design with two replications. Significant differences were observed among genotypes, environments, and genotype × environment interactions. Correlation analysis identified key traits positively associated with green fodder yield, such as leaf length, leaf width, and plant height at first cut. Principal component analysis revealed that four principal components explained 72% of the total variability, with the first component influenced by leaf count and width. Hierarchical cluster analysis grouped genotypes into five clusters, with Cluster IV showing superior forage traits. This study identifies promising genotypes for future breeding programs focused on improving forage productivity in arid and semi-arid regions.
Smart Agriculture: IOT-Driven Soil Nutrient Management System
Authors: Bachhav Sujal S. , Deshmukh Aman A. , Kotangale Lochana G. , Shaniware Yogesh A. , Bhise Rahul K.
Published: December 2024

Soil fertility plays a crucial role in determining soil quality, as it indicates how effectively the soil can support plant growth in agriculture. By utilizing soil sensors and Arduino technology, it is possible to assess the nutrient content of the soil quickly. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) are key nutrients required for healthy crop production, and their levels must be measured to determine the additional nutrients needed to enhance soil fertility. NPK sensors can be employed to detect soil nutrient levels, providing valuable data to assess whether the soil is nutrient-rich or deficient. Leveraging technology in agriculture offers numerous benefits for farmers. Preparing the land for cultivating specific crops involves evaluating factors such as soil moisture, mineral content, nutrient levels, and even soil colour. Soil testing has become essential in modern farming to maximize crop yield and profitability within a shorter time frame. Moreover, it helps prevent the overuse of fertilizers, conserving resources, reducing costs, and protecting the environment. This innovative model, designed with IoT technology and sensors, enables the efficient analysis of soil nutrient levels. It is affordable, portable, user-friendly, and offers fast, precise measurements. Unlike traditional detection methods, this approach provides rapid and accurate insights, making it a practical solution for modern agricultural practices.
A Comprehensive Survey of Groundnut Gardens in Pollachi Taluk of Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: C.Sudhalakshmi  , M.Gopalakrishnan  , V.Vasuki  , S.Rani
Published: December 2024

India is an abode of nine oilseeds viz., groundnut, rapeseed-mustard, soybean, sunflower, safflower, sesame, niger, castor and linseed. Groundnut is called the ‘King of Oilseeds’ and is an important oilseed crop of Tamil Nadu with multifarious uses. A survey was undertaken by Coconut Research Station, Aliyarnagar among fifty groundnut growers gardens to comprehend the management strategies being adopted and the constraints faced by them in the farm front. About 80 % of the farmers sow TMV and VRI varieties especially during chithirai pattam. About 90 % of the respondents do hand weeding on 20 and 45 DAS and eighty percent of the farmers apply farmyard manure for their farms.  About 60 % of the farmers apply either straight or complex fertilizers. All the respondents apply gypsum with varied doses and need based plant protection measures are being adopted by them. Yield from the surveyed gardens ranged from 1300 – 1500 kg ha-1. Groundnut cultivation is vitiated by peacock damage and wild boar menace besides labour scarcity.
Integration of Renewable Energy for Power Transfer Improvement of the Nigerian 330KV Transmission Network
Authors: Eyibo Nsikak Robson , Nkan Imo Edwin , Okpo Ekom Enefiok
Published: December 2024

The Nigerian 330 kV transmission network faces challenges related to voltage instability and significant power losses, which impact its power transfer capability. This study, titled "Integration of Renewable Energy for Power Transfer Improvement of the Nigerian 330kV Transmission Network", explores the integration of renewable energy sources as a means to address these challenges. 5-bus electricity grid is considered as a test network. The steady state performance of the system was modelled using Newton-Raphson load flow equations and was simulated without and with renewable energy sources on MATLAB/Simulink toolbox (version ‘R2016a’). The obtained results showed that without renewable energy integration, four key buses (buses 2, 3, 4, and 5) in the test network exhibited voltage magnitudes outside the acceptable operational range of 0.95 ≤ ​Vi ≤ 1.05 per unit, with respective voltages of 0.8302, 0.6338, 0.5344, and 0.6581 per unit. However, when renewable energy was incorporated, these buses saw a marked improvement in voltage stability, reaching values of 0.9902, 1.0001, 1.0100, and 0.9947 per unit, respectively, and achieving compliance with the acceptable range. Additionally, the integration resulted in a substantial reduction in total active power loss, from 3.05 MW to 0.65 MW, representing a 78.33% improvement. These findings demonstrate that renewable energy integration can enhance voltage stability, reduce power loss, and thereby increase the transmission network's power transfer capability. This study underscores the potential for renewable energy to support the reliability and efficiency of Nigeria’s power infrastructure.
Parenteral Nutrition in the Health-Care Setting: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Karrar Hani Raka , Nouh Mahmoud Ismail , Albogami Manal Meqbel , Aldosari Ajayeb Ayed , Alshalawi Maram Saad , Abdulmajeed Ghaday Abdulazizi , Khalifa Radhwan Mokhtar , Hazazi Reham Ahmed , Mahzara Abdulaziz Mousa
Published: December 2024

Parenteral Nutrition (PN) is a critical therapeutic technique that delivers necessary nutrients straight into the circulation, bypassing the gastrointestinal system. This strategy is critical for people who are unable to acquire appropriate nourishment through oral or enteral routes owing to a variety of medical issues. PN first appeared in the mid-twentieth century, primarily to help those who were very malnourished or recuperating from significant surgery. As medical understanding of nutrition grew, so did the complexity and customization of PN formulations, allowing for personalized nutritional support depending on metabolic demands. The indications for PN are diverse, including gastrointestinal diseases, cancer therapies, severe illnesses, neurological issues, and pediatric demands. Patients suffering with Crohn's illness, short gut syndrome, and severe malnutrition caused by cancer therapies frequently rely on PN to maintain their nutritional status. Furthermore, critically sick patients in intensive care settings typically encounter elevated metabolic demands, needing efficient nutritional therapies that oral feeding cannot deliver. While PN has considerable advantages, such as increased recovery, malnutrition prevention, and quality of life, it is not without hazards. Infections, metabolic abnormalities, and liver dysfunction are all possible complications, emphasizing the importance of thorough monitoring and following best practices in PN administration. A multidisciplinary approach including healthcare specialists from several professions is required to achieve the best outcomes for patients seeking PN. Looking ahead, technological developments, personalized dietary techniques, and artificial intelligence integration promise to improve the safety and efficacy of PN. Continuous research and innovation are required to solve current difficulties and enhance the overall quality of care for patients requiring parenteral feeding. As the healthcare environment shifts, PN will remain an important component of nutritional support, requiring continuing attention and development in clinical practice.
Dairy Herd Parameters and Productivity Comparisons in Karnal District Across Beneficiary and Non-Beneficiary Farmers of Farmers Farm School
Authors: C O Sruthi , Meena B S , Chaudhari R. U. , Tala V. G. , P S Ajesh
Published: December 2024

The present study was conducted in Karnal district of Haryana, to compare the dairy herd parameters and the productivity of cattle possessed by the beneficiary farmers of farmers farm school and non- beneficiaries. Crossbred cows and buffaloes were more in number both with beneficiaries and non-beneficiaries. Average daily milk yield was significantly (<0.01) higher in the animals possessed by beneficiary farmers than non-beneficiary farmers. Almost all the beneficiaries found to provide mineral mixture to their dairy animals on an average of 48.80 gm/animal/day whereas only five members of non-beneficiaries were giving mineral mixture of the quantity 45.50 gm/animal/day. The percentage of animals affected were significantly (<0.01) higher in non-beneficiary group while comparing with beneficiaries. The overall morbidity status of the locale was that, 18 per cent had the ecto- parasite infestation followed by repeat breeding (9%).
Contraction And 𝐂(𝛂)- Suboperator Classes
Authors: Yadav Awadh Bihari
Published: December 2024

In this paper we characterize the generalisation of contraction in Hilbert space and 𝐶(𝛼)- Suboperator class
and establish some new result in the class of 𝐶(𝛼)- Suboperator [1] and its contractive extensions of a 𝐶(𝛼)-
Suboperator class in a complex Hilbert space. The characterizations include a quadratic form inequality. The bounded linear operator 𝑇 in complex Hilbert space which satisfy 𝑇 = 𝛽𝐼 +(1 −𝛽)𝑈 where 𝛽 ∈ (0,1) and 𝑈 is a contraction (‖𝑈‖ ≤ 1)
Appization™ @ Neurahub™: Leveraging The App Store Model For AI Functions On Edge Devices_ Case Study Of Indoai AI Camera
Authors: Gujar Vivek , Rathore Ashwani
Published: December 2024

The “ Appization™ @ NeuraHub™ ” framework applies the successful AI app store model for mobile handsets
to AI functions on edge devices, aiming to create an adaptable, scalable and customizable platform for deploying,
managing, and updating AI models on specialized devices like IndoAI’s Edge Cameras. This paper provides a
comprehensive examination of the Appization™ @ NeuraHub™ platform, proposing it as an ecosystem where AI
models can be installed, managed, and updated independently. NeuraHub is a comprehensive ecosystem where
AI models can be deployed, managed and updated independently for developers. The framework introduces
standardized protocols, a developer-friendly marketplace and a microservices architecture that streamlines AI model deployment on edge devices, overcoming current challenges and scaling edge AI for specialized applications
Subverting The Centenarian Archetype: In The Work The Hundred–Year–Old Man Who Climbed Out Of The Window And Disappeared By Jonas Jonasson
Authors: . .
Published: December 2024

Archetypal Criticism gets its impetus from psychologist Carl Jung who postulated that humankind shares a kind
of universal psyche “Collective unconscious”, which usually gets embedded in dreams and myths and harbours
themes and images that we all collectively inherit. Literature, therefore, imitates not the world as it is but rather
the “total dreams of humankind”. These archetypes not only impacts the intelligibility of the text but also tap into
a level of desires and anxieties of humankind. In the novel The Hundred-Year-Old Man Who Climbed Out of the Window and Disappeared, Jonas Jonasson tries to deconstruct the age-old archetypal figure of a centenarian.