bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Diente más afectado por la celulitis facial de origen odontogénico en niños venezolanos
Authors: Zambrano Gabriel , Rondón Rosa , Guerra María Elena
Published: September 2021

Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de celulitis facial de origen odontogénica e identifi el diente más afectado en niños con diagnóstico de celulitis facial hospitalizados en el Servicio de Infectología Pediátrica del Hospital Universitario de Caracas en el periodo 20062014. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio documental, descriptivo y retrospectivo en niños entre 1-6 años de edad hospitalizados con diagnóstico de celulitis facial odontogénica en el Servicio de Infectología Pediátrica del Hospital Universitario de Caracas en el periodo 2006-2014. Se tomó una muestra no probabilística a conveniencia, la cual quedó conformada por 310 niños quienes cumplieron los criterios de inclusión de la investigación. Los datos se obtuvieron a partir de las historias clínicas de dicho servicio. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo, epidemiológico y comparativo/ analítico para cumplir con los objetivos de la investigación. Resultados: la prevalencia de celulitis facial de origen odontogénico fue de 5,27% con respecto a la muestra total. El segundo molar primario fue el diente más afectado con una frecuencia del 49,5%. CONCLUSIÓN: la prevalencia de celulitis facial de origen odontogénico en comparación con otras infecciones que requieren hospitalización fue baja, el género masculino fue el más afectado, el rango de edad más involucrado con la entidad se ubicó entre los 4 y 6 años. Los dientes primarios fueron los más afectados y el diente más asociado con esta afección fue el segundo molar primario.
Blok zinciri teknolojisinin ödeme sistemleri, muhasebe bilgi sistemi ve denetim sürecine etkisi; kripto varlıkların finansal tablolarda raporlanması
Authors: Deran Ali , Beller Dikmen Beyhan , Özçelik Musa
Published: September 2021

Bu çalışmanın amacı; blok zinciri teknolojisinin ödeme sistemleri, muhasebe bilgi sistemi ve denetim süreçleri üzerindeki etkisini tartışmak ve kripto varlıkların finansal tablolarda raporlanması sürecinde karşılaşılan sorunlara çözüm üretmektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda çalışmada, blok zinciri teknolojisinin muhasebe, denetim ve ödeme sistemleri üzerine etkilerine yönelik kapsamlı literatür incelemesi yapılmış ve kripto varlıkların kullanım alanlarına göre finansal tablolarda hangi hesap grubu altında raporlanması gerektiği incelenmiştir. Çalışma bulgularına göre, blok zinciri teknolojisinin muhasebe bilgi sistemine entegrasyonunun fayda-maliyet analizi neticesinde henüz mümkün olmadığı kanaatine varılmıştır. Denetim sürecinde de işlemlerin doğruluğu ve bilgi teknolojileri altyapısı kapsamında ek denetim riskleri oluşturduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Bu sebeple denetçilerin bilgi teknolojileri alanında da uzmanlaşması gerekmektedir. İşlem veya spekülasyon amaçlı edinilen kripto varlıkların mevcut şartlarda finansal tablolarda maddi olmayan duran varlıklar grubu altında raporlanmasının uygulama birliği açısından daha uygun olacağı düşünülmektedir. Zira kripto varlıklar, paranın işlevsel özelliklerinden değişim aracı ve hesap birimi olma özelliğini henüz tam olarak karşılayamadığı için hazır değerler grubunda raporlanması uygun değildir.
Práticas e indicadores de sustentabilidade em incubadoras tecnológicas do Sudoeste do Paraná e Oeste Catarinense
Authors: Rocha Idenilse Deniz da , Schmidt Odair , Veroneze Silvana , Batistella Ana Júlia , Zanin Antonio
Published: September 2021

O objetivo do estudo é analisar as práticas e os indicadores de sustentabilidade utilizados por empresas incubadas nas regiões Sudoeste do Paraná e Oeste de Santa Catarina. Para isso realizou-se uma pesquisa descritiva, com estratégia de levantamento de dados e abordagem quantitativa. Para avaliar e apresentar o uso de ações sustentáveis adaptou-se o questionário proposto por Strobel (2005) com intuito de abordar as práticas sociais, ambientais e econômicas de cada empresa. A coleta de dados foi realizada no período de setembro de 2019 a outubro de 2020. A análise dos dados deu-se por meio de estatística descritiva (frequência absoluta, frequência relativa, mínimo, máximo, média, desvio padrão) e a aplicação da técnica de entropia informacional. Os resultados apontam que o uso de práticas e indicadores pelas empresas na dimensão Econômica seguem o contexto Tripé da Sustentabilidade, pois a grande maioria das empresas contribui com maior representatividade para a dimensão econômica, direcionando menor atenção às dimensões sociais e ambientais.
„Nicht von Pappe“
Authors: Thuring Lars
Published: September 2021

Von der Papiermaschine über die gesamte Lieferkette bis zum Endkunden durchgängig transparente, echtzeitfähige Prozesse – dies gewährleistet eine RAIN RFID-Kennzeichnungslösung von Logopak bei einem großen europäischen Zellstoff-Hersteller. Das in mehreren Produktionswerken eingesetzte Etikettiersystem Logomatic 410 T RFID konnte unter Verwendung von Standardbaugruppen kostengünstig und dennoch individuell ausgelegt werden. In der Praxis erreicht die RFID-Kennzeichnung der Zellstoffballen eine Lesesicherheit von über 99,9 Prozent – und amortisiert sich in weniger als drei Jahren.
Minderung von niederfrequentem Schall durch die periodischen Strukturen von Abstandsgewirken
Authors: Neuwerk Karsten
Published: September 2021

Karsten Neuwerk Deutsche Institute für Textil- und Faserforschung (DITF), Denkendorf
Textilunterstützte Lösungen in der Architektur für eine nachhaltige Zukunft
Authors: Merklein Uwe
Published: September 2021

Zukünftige Herausforderungen im Zusammenhang mit globalen Megatrends und deren Folgen, wie Erderwärmung, der Gefährdung des Ökosystems oder den Folgen der enormen Bevölkerungszunahme, werden in den kommenden Jahrzehnten neue unkonventionelle Lösungsansätze erfordern. Speziell zur Schonung der Umwelt und der Ressourcen werden an ausgesuchten Beispielen der Einsatz textiler Materialien für die Architektur im nachhaltigen Städtebau – mit dem Blick auf Ökologie, Ökonomie, wie auch soziokulturellen Einflüssen – dargestellt. Mit dem Thema soll auch aufgezeigt werden, dass bei der Betrachtung nachhaltiger Lösungen in der Städteplanung bislang die technischen und gestalterischen Vorteile von Textilien bei weitem noch nicht ausgeschöpft sind. ‚Leuchttürme‘ in Form ökologischer Pilotprojekte mit der Möglichkeit zur Praxiserprobung von Innovationen für mehr Nachhaltigkeit stärken das Bewusstsein und erhöhen die Wahrnehmung und Akzeptanz von ‚Grünen Geschäftsmodellen‘. Der Ausblick auf die Grüne Stadt der Zukunft mit den wissenschaftlichen Herausforderungen an textile Forschungsfelder zeigt das weitere Entwicklungspotenzial zu bereits vorhandenen Lösungsansätzen.

Uwe Merklein

Ib M Consulting, Ingenieurbüro Merklein, Aachen
Application of deep eutectic solvents (DES) to the denitrification of transportation fuels : insights from experimental liquid-liquid phase equilibrium data
Authors:   , Msibi Sanele Enough
Published: September 2021

Air pollution by combustion of fossil fuels is of global concern in this decade and beyond. The presence of nitrogen and sulphur impurities pose deleterious effects to refinery equipment, the environment, and human health. Therefore, many governments continue to impose stringent environmental regulations and standards on transportation fuels emissions. The current study evaluates alternate processing solutions to complement or replace the currently used processes to refine these impurities to meet the increasingly stringent fuel standards. This study evaluates the use of a class extractive solvents called Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) for the removal of basic nitrogen impurities from refining streams by liquid-liquid extraction. This process is evinced as energy saving and environmentally friendly. The removal of pyridine and quinoline by the direct analytical method with choline chloride based deep eutectic solvent (DES) was studied. Liquid-liquid equilibrium measurements data were undertaken at 298.15 K and atmospheric pressure for n-heptane + pyridine/quinoline + [choline chloride + glycerol] DES and n-heptane + pyridine/quinoline + [choline chloride + ethylene glycol] DES systems. The obtained data were then regressed using the Non Random Two Liquid and Universal Quasi-Chemical models activity coefficient, and their mathematical reliability was validated using the Othmer Tobias and Hand correlations. A mixture of choline chloride and glycerol (DES1) showed greater extraction potential for basic nitrogen containing compounds compared to choline chloride and ethylene glycol with a distribution coefficient and selectivity of 22.7 and 2056 for pyridine, and 3.3 and 164.9 for quinoline respectively. The studied solvents showed comparability to organic and ionic liquids solvents in selectivity and distribution coefficients. The obtained liquid-liquid equilibrium data can be used in the design of a solvent extraction equipment, as phase diagrams plays an important role in separation process design.
PEMANFAATAN MODUL PEMBELAJARAN IPA BERBASIS EKSPERIMEN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KETERLIBATAN SISWA MTs KELAS VII
Authors: SWARININGTYAS SASTRIVIANA WAHYU
Published: September 2021

Best Practice disusun dengan tujuan untuk memaparkan hasil terbaik berupa keterlibatan siswa dalam pembelajaran IPA dengan memanfaatkan modul pembelajaran IPA berbasis eksperimen. Praktik terbaik dilaksanakan di MTs Negeri 6 Tangerang mulai dari tanggal 14 Oktober-14 November 2019. Siswa yang terlibat adalah siswa kelas 7.4, 7.5, dan 7.6 dengan total 107 siswa. Modul pembelajaran digunakan sebagai panduan ketika siswa melakukan eksperimen pada materi Larutan Asam dan Basa. Dilakukan penilaian yang meliputi aspek keterampilan dan kognitif. Hasil penilaian keterampilan menunjukkan bahwa dari 107 siswa, 85 siswa atau 79,4% mendapatkan skor 4 dan 16 siswa atau 14,9% mendapatkan skor 3, serta tidak ada yang mendapatkan skor 2 dan 1 . Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa peserta didik terlibat aktif dalam proses pembelajaran. Sedangkan untuk penilaian kognitif berupa evaluasi posttest menunjukkan peningkatan rata-rata nilai dibandingkan hasil pretest.
Population validation of reproductive gene mutation loci and association with the litter size in Nubian goat
Authors: Zhang Sanbao , Gao Xiaotong , Jiang Yuhang , Shen Yujian , Xie Hongyue , Pan Peng , Huang Yanna , Wei Yingming , Jiang Qinyang
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Litter size is an important component trait of doe
reproduction. By improving it, production efficiency and economic benefits
can be significantly provided. Genetic marker-assisted selection (MAS) based
on proven molecular indicators could enhance the efficacy of goat selection,
as well as litter size trait. Many molecular markers have been identified
that they can be used to improve litter size in different goat breeds.
However, the presence and value of these markers vary among goat breeds. In
the present study, we used the reported loci on other breeds of goat as
candidate loci to detect whether these loci appear in this Nubian goat
population; then we proceed to genotype and detect surrounding loci (50 bp)
by multiplex PCR and sequencing technology. As a result, 69
mutations (59 SNPs and 10 indels) were screened out from 23 candidate genes
in Nubian goat population, 12 loci were significantly associated with
the litter size of first-parity individuals; 5 loci were significantly
associated with the litter size of second-parity individuals; 3 loci
were significantly associated with the litter size of third-parity
individuals. In addition, five loci were significantly associated with the
average litter size. The additive effect value of KITLG: g.18047318 G>A in first parity, KITLG: g.18152042G>A in third parity, KISS-1: g.1341674
C>G in first parity, and GHR: g.32134187G>A in
second parity exceed more than 0.40, and the preponderant alleles are G, C,
A and G, respectively. Further, linkage disequilibrium analysis of 21 mutation
loci shows that 3 haplotype blocks are formed, and the litter size of
combination type AACC in KISS-1 gene and AAGG in KITLG gene are significantly lower
than that of other combinations genotype in first parity (P<0.05). These findings
can provide effective candidate DNA markers for selecting superior
individuals in Nubian goat breeding.
A case study on the impact of severe convective storms on the water vapor mixing ratio in the lower mid-latitude stratosphere observed in 2019 over Europe
Authors: Khordakova Dina , Rolf Christian , Grooß Jens-Uwe , Müller Rolf , Konopka Paul , Wieser Andreas , Krämer Martina , Riese Martin
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Extreme convective events in the troposphere not only have immediate impacts on the surface, they can also influence the dynamics and composition of the lower stratosphere (LS). One major impact is the moistening of the LS by overshooting convection. This effect plays a crucial role in climate feedback as small changes of water vapor in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS) have a large impact on the radiation budget of the atmosphere. In this case study, we investigate water vapor injections into the LS by two consecutive convective events in the European mid-latitudes within the framework of the MOSES (Modular Observation Solutions for Earth Systems) measurement campaign during the early summer of 2019. Using balloon-borne instruments, rare measurements of the convective water vapor injection into the stratosphere were performed. The magnitude of the water vapor reached up to 12.1 ppmv with an estimated background value of 5 ppmv. Hence it is in the same order of magnitude as earlier reports of water vapor injection by convective overshooting above North America. However the overshooting took place in the extra-tropical stratosphere and has an impact on long-term water vapor mixing ratios in the stratosphere compared to the Monsoon-influenced region in North America. At the altitude of the measured injection, a sharp drop in a local ozone enhancement peak makes the observed composition of air very unique with high ozone up to 696 ppbv and high water vapor up to 12.1 ppmv. While ERA-Interim data does not show any signal of the convective overshoot, the measured values in the LS are underestimated by MLS satellite data and overestimated by ERA5 reanalysis data. Backward trajectories of the measured injected air masses reveal that the moistening of the LS took place several hours before the balloon launch. This is in good agreement with reanalyses and satellite data showing a strong change in the structure of isotherms, and a sudden and short-lived increase in potential vorticity at the altitude of the trajectory, as well as low cloud top brightness temperatures during the overshooting event.
Ice and mixed-phase cloud statistics on the Antarctic Plateau
Authors: Cossich William , Maestri Tiziano , Magurno Davide , Martinazzo Michele , Di Natale Gianluca , Palchetti Luca , Bianchini Giovanni , Del Guasta Massimo
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Statistics on the occurrence of clear skies, ice clouds, and mixed-phase clouds over Concordia Station, in the Antarctic Plateau, are provided for multiple timescales and analyzed in relation to simultaneous meteorological parameters measured at the surface. Results are obtained by applying a machine learning cloud identification and classification (CIC) code to 4 years of measurements between 2012–2015 of downwelling high-spectral-resolution radiances, measured by the Radiation Explorer in the Far Infrared – Prototype for Applications and Development (REFIR-PAD) spectroradiometer. The CIC algorithm is optimized for Antarctic sky conditions and results in a total hit rate of almost 0.98, where 1.0 is a perfect score, for the identification of the clear-sky, ice cloud, and mixed-phase cloud classes. Scene truth is provided by lidar measurements that are concurrent with REFIR-PAD. The CIC approach demonstrates the key role of far-infrared spectral measurements for clear–cloud discrimination and for cloud phase classification. Mean annual occurrences are 72.3 %, 24.9 %, and 2.7 % for clear sky, ice clouds, and mixed-phase clouds, respectively, with an inter-annual variability of a few percent. The seasonal occurrence of clear sky shows a minimum in winter (66.8 %) and maxima (75 %–76 %) during intermediate seasons. In winter the mean surface temperature is about 9 ∘C colder in clear conditions than when ice clouds are present. Mixed-phase clouds are observed only in the warm season; in summer they amount to more than one-third of total observed clouds. Their occurrence is correlated with warmer surface temperatures. In the austral summer, the mean surface air temperature is about 5 ∘C warmer when clouds are present than in clear-sky conditions. This difference is larger during the night than in daylight hours, likely due to increased solar warming.
Monthly mean results are compared to cloud occurrence and fraction derived from gridded (Level 3) satellite products from both passive and active sensors.
The differences observed among the considered products and the CIC results are analyzed in terms of footprint sizes and sensors' sensitivities to cloud optical and geometrical features. The comparison highlights the ability of the CIC–REFIR-PAD synergy to identify multiple cloud conditions and study their variability at different timescales.
An algorithm to detect non-background signals in greenhouse gas time series from European tall tower and mountain stations
Authors: Resovsky Alex , Ramonet Michel , Rivier Leonard , Tarniewicz Jerome , Ciais Philippe , Steinbacher Martin , Mammarella Ivan , Mölder Meelis , Heliasz Michal , Kubistin Dagmar , Lindauer Matthias , Müller-Williams Jennifer , Conil Sebastien , Engelen Richard
Published: September 2021

Abstract. We present a statistical framework to identify regional signals in
station-based CO2 time series with minimal local influence. A
curve-fitting function is first applied to the detrended time series to
derive a harmonic describing the annual CO2 cycle. We then combine a
polynomial fit to the data with a short-term residual filter to estimate the smoothed cycle and define a seasonally adjusted noise component, equal to 2 standard deviations of the smoothed cycle about the annual cycle. Spikes in the smoothed daily data which surpass this ±2σ threshold are classified as anomalies. Examining patterns of anomalous behavior across multiple sites allows us to quantify the impacts of synoptic-scale atmospheric transport events and better understand the regional carbon cycling implications of extreme seasonal occurrences such as droughts.
The Bouraké semi-enclosed lagoon (New Caledonia) – a natural laboratory to study the lifelong adaptation of a coral reef ecosystem to extreme environmental conditions
Authors: Maggioni Federica , Pujo-Pay Mireille , Aucan Jérome , Cerrano Carlo , Calcinai Barbara , Payri Claude , Benzoni Francesca , Letourneur Yves , Rodolfo-Metalpa Riccardo
Published: September 2021

Abstract. According to current experimental evidence, coral reefs could disappear within the century if CO2 emissions remain unabated. However, recent discoveries of diverse and high cover reefs that already live under extreme conditions suggest that some corals might thrive well under hot, high-pCO2, and deoxygenated seawater. Volcanic CO2 vents, semi-enclosed lagoons, and mangrove estuaries are unique study sites where one or more ecologically relevant parameters for life in the oceans are close to or even worse than currently projected for the year 2100. Although they do not perfectly mimic future conditions, these natural laboratories offer unique opportunities to explore the mechanisms that reef species could use to keep pace with climate change. To achieve this, it is essential to characterize their environment as a whole and accurately consider all possible environmental factors that may differ from what is expected in the future, possibly altering the ecosystem response. This study focuses on the semi-enclosed lagoon of Bouraké (New Caledonia, southwest Pacific Ocean) where a healthy reef ecosystem thrives in warm, acidified, and deoxygenated water. We used a multi-scale approach to characterize the main physical-chemical parameters and mapped the benthic community composition (i.e., corals, sponges, and macroalgae). The data revealed that most physical and chemical parameters are regulated by the tide, strongly fluctuate three to four times a day, and are entirely predictable. The seawater pH and dissolved oxygen decrease during falling tide and reach extreme low values at low tide (7.2 pHT and 1.9 mg O2 L−1 at Bouraké vs. 7.9 pHT and 5.5 mg O2 L−1 at reference reefs). Dissolved oxygen, temperature, and pH fluctuate according to the tide by up to 4.91 mg O2 L−1, 6.50 ∘C, and 0.69 pHT units on a single day. Furthermore, the concentration of most of the chemical parameters was 1 to 5 times higher at the Bouraké lagoon, particularly for organic and inorganic carbon and nitrogen but also for some nutrients, notably silicates. Surprisingly, despite extreme environmental conditions and altered seawater chemical composition measured at Bouraké, our results reveal a diverse and high cover community of macroalgae, sponges, and corals accounting for 28, 11, and 66 species, respectively. Both environmental variability and nutrient imbalance might contribute to their survival under such extreme environmental conditions. We describe the natural dynamics of the Bouraké ecosystem and its relevance as a natural laboratory to investigate the benthic organism's adaptive responses to multiple extreme environmental conditions.
The sensitivity of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation to volcanic aerosol spatial distribution in the MPI Grand Ensemble
Authors: Ward Benjamin , Pausata Francesco S. R. , Maher Nicola
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Using the Max Planck Institute Grand Ensemble (MPI-GE) with 200
members for the historical simulation (1850–2005), we investigate the impact
of the spatial distribution of volcanic aerosols on the El
Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) response. In
particular, we select three eruptions (El Chichón, Agung and Pinatubo) in
which the aerosol is respectively confined to the Northern Hemisphere, the
Southern Hemisphere or equally distributed across the Equator. Our results
show that relative ENSO anomalies start at the end of the year of the
eruption and peak in the following one. We especially found that when the
aerosol is located in the Northern Hemisphere or is symmetrically
distributed, relative El Niño-like anomalies develop, while aerosol
distribution confined to the Southern Hemisphere leads to a relative La
Niña-like anomaly. Our results point to the volcanically induced
displacement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) as a key mechanism that drives the ENSO response,
while suggesting that the other mechanisms (the ocean dynamical thermostat and
the cooling of tropical northern Africa or the Maritime Continent)
commonly invoked to explain the post-eruption ENSO response may be less
important in our model.
FAMOUS version xotzt (FAMOUS-ice): a general circulation model (GCM) capable of energy- and water-conserving coupling to an ice sheet model
Authors: Smith Robin S. , George Steve , Gregory Jonathan M.
Published: September 2021

Abstract. The physical interactions between ice sheets and their surroundings are major factors in determining the state of the climate system, yet many current Earth system models omit them entirely or approximate them in a heavily parameterised manner. In this work we have improved the snow and ice sheet surface physics in the FAMOUS climate model, with the aim of improving the representation of polar climate and implementing a bidirectional coupling to the Glimmer dynamic ice sheet model using the water and energy fluxes calculated by FAMOUS. FAMOUS and Glimmer are both low-resolution, computationally affordable models used for multi-millennial simulations. Glaciated surfaces in the new FAMOUS-ice are modelled using a multi-layer snow scheme capable of simulating compaction of firn and the percolation and refreezing of surface melt. The low horizontal resolution of FAMOUS compared to Glimmer is mitigated by implementing this snow model on sub-grid-scale tiles that represent different elevations on the ice sheet within each FAMOUS grid box.
We show that with this approach FAMOUS-ice can simulate relevant physical processes on the surface of the modern Greenland ice sheet well compared to higher-resolution climate models and that the ice sheet state in the coupled FAMOUS-ice–Glimmer system does not drift unacceptably. FAMOUS-ice coupled to Glimmer is thus a useful tool for modelling the physics and co-evolution of climate and grounded ice sheets on centennial and millennial timescales, with applications to scientific questions relevant to both paleoclimate and future sea level rise.
A new snow module improves predictions of isotope-enabled MAIDENiso forest growth model
Authors: Hermoso de Mendoza Ignacio , Boucher Etienne , Gennaretti Fabio , Lavergne Aliénor , Andreu-Hayles Laia , Field Robert
Published: September 2021

Abstract. The representation of snow processes in forest growth models is necessary to accurately predict the hydrological cycle in boreal ecosystems and the isotopic signature of soil water extracted by trees, photosynthates and tree-ring cellulose. Yet, most process-based models do not include a snow module, consequently their simulations may be biased in cold environments. Here, we modified the MAIDENiso model to incorporate a new snow module that simulates snow accumulation, melting and sublimation, as well as thermal exchanges driving freezing and thawing of the snow and the soil. We tested these implementations in two sites in East and West Canada for black spruce (Picea mariana) and white spruce (Picea glauca) forests, respectively. The new snow module improves the skills of the model to predict components of the hydrological cycle. The model is now able to reproduce the spring discharge peak and to simulate stable oxygen isotopes in tree-ring cellulose more realistically than in the original, snow-free version of the model. The new implementation also results in simulations with a higher contribution from the source water on the oxygen isotopic composition of the simulated cellulose, leading to more accurate estimates. Future work may include the development of inverse modelling with the new version of MAIDENiso to produce robust reconstructions of the hydrological cycle and isotope processes in cold environments.
Flood frequency analysis using mean daily flows vs. instantaneous peak flows
Authors: Bartens Anne , Haberlandt Uwe
Published: September 2021

Abstract. In many cases flood frequency analysis needs to be carried out on mean daily flow (MDF) series without any available information on the instantaneous peak flow (IPF). We analyze the error of using MDFs instead of IPFs for flood quantile estimation on a German dataset and assess spatial patterns and factors that influence the deviation of MDF floods from their IPF counterparts. The main dependence could be found for catchment area but also gauge elevation appeared to have some influence. Based on the findings we propose simple linear models to correct both MDF flood peaks of individual flood events and overall MDF flood statistics. Key predictor in the models is the event-based ratio of flood peak and flood volume obtained directly from the daily flow records. This correction approach requires a minimum of data input, is easily applied, valid for the entire study area and successfully estimates IPF peaks and flood statistics. The models perform particularly well in smaller catchments, where other IPF estimation methods fall short. Still, the limit of the approach is reached for catchment sizes below 100 km2, where the hydrograph information from the daily series is no longer capable of approximating instantaneous flood dynamics.
Filtering method based on cluster analysis to avoid salinity drifts and recover Argo data in less time
Authors: Romero Emmanuel , Tenorio-Fernandez Leonardo , Castro Iliana , Castro Marco
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Currently there is a huge amount of freely available hydrographic data, and it is increasingly important to have easy access to it and to be provided with as much information as possible. Argo is a global collection of around 4000 active autonomous hydrographic profilers. Argo data go through two quality processes, real time and delayed mode. This work shows a methodology to filter profiles within a given polygon using the odd–even algorithm; this allows analysis of a study area, regardless of size, shape or location. The aim is to offer two filtering methods and to discard only the real-time quality control data that present salinity drifts. This takes advantage of the largest possible amount of valid data within a given polygon. In the study area selected as an example, it was possible to recover around 80 % in the case of the first filter that uses cluster analysis and 30 % in the case of the second, which discards profilers with salinity drifts, of the total real-time quality control data that are usually discarded by the users due to problems such as salinity drifts. This allows users to use any of the filters or a combination of both to have a greater amount of data within the study area of their interest in a matter of minutes, rather than waiting for the delayed-mode quality control that takes up to 12 months to be completed. This methodology has been tested for its replicability in five selected areas around the world and has obtained good results.
Can changes in ice-sheet flow be inferred from crystallographic preferred orientations?
Authors: Llorens Maria Gema , Griera Albert , Bons Paul D. , Weikusat Ilka , Prior David , Gomez-Rivas Enrique , de Riese Tamara , Jimenez-Munt Ivone , García Castellanos Daniel , Lebensohn Ricardo A.
Published: September 2021

Abstract. Creep due to ice flow is generally thought to be the main cause for the formation of crystallographic preferred orientations (CPOs) in polycrystalline anisotropic ice. However, linking the development of CPOs to the ice flow history requires a proper understanding of the ice aggregate's microstructural response to flow transitions. In this contribution the influence of ice deformation history on the CPO development is investigated by means of full-field numerical simulations at the microscale. We simulate the CPO evolution of polycrystalline ice under combinations of two consecutive deformation events up to high strain, using the code VPFFT/ELLE. A volume of ice is first deformed under co-axial boundary conditions, which results in a CPO. The sample is then subjected to different boundary conditions (co-axial or non-coaxial) in order to observe how the deformation regime switch impacts on the CPO. The model results indicate that the second flow event tends to destroy the first, inherited fabric, with a range of transitional fabrics. However, the transition is slow when crystallographic axes are critically oriented with respect to the second imposed regime. Therefore, interpretations of past deformation events from observed CPOs must be carried out with caution, particularly, in areas with complex deformation histories.
Upaya Meningkatkan Disiplin Guru Dalam Kehadiran Mengajar Di Kelas Melalui Penerapan Reward dan Punishment Di MTsN 4 Mojokerto
Authors: Tiono Agus
Published: September 2021

Penelitian ini termasuk Penelitian Tindakan Madrasah dengan menerapkan pendekatan metode deskriptif kualiatatif. Adapun rumusan masalahnya adalah bagaimana penerapan reward dan punishment dapat meningkatkan kedisiplinan guru dalam melaksanakan pembelajaran di kelas?. Sedangkan tujuannya adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan reward dan punishment dapat meningkatkan kedisiplinan guru dalam kehadiran mengajar di kelas.

Berdasarkan peraturan kedisiplinan Pegawai Negeri Sipil yaitu Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 53 Tahun 2010 Tentang Kedisiplinan Pegawai Negeri Sipil sebagai payung hukum sangat penting sebagai upaya mengatur kedisilinan seorang Aparatur Sipil Negara untuk meningkatkan kerja dan kinerjanya. Peningkatan mutu pendidikan di madrasah sangat tergantung dari beberapa faktor. Faktor yang sangat penting antara lain adalah penerapan budaya madrasah ke arah peningkatan mutu. Budaya madrasah merupakan hal yang positif yang harus dipertahankan dan dilaksanakan oleh semua warga madrasah tanpa merasa terpaksa. Budaya madrasah yang harus dipertahankan salah satunya adalah masalah kedisiplinan, termasuk disiplin para guru dalam kehadiran di kelas pada proses belajar mengajar. Untuk meningkatkan disiplin para guru dapat diupayakan melalui bermacam-macam cara. 

Dalam Penelitian Tindakan Madrasah (PTM) ini, dilaksanakan dalam tindakan berupa pemberian Reward dan Punishment  untuk para guru di MTs Negeri 4 Mojokerto. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus, karena dari hasil penelitian dan analisa data, ternyata pada siklus kedua, kedisiplinan guru dalam kehadiran di kelas pada proses belajar mengajar meningkat dan memenuhi indikator yang telah ditetapkan sebesar 75,00%.  Dari hasil penelitian tindakan madrasah dari jumlah guru sebanyak 36 orang, maka diperoleh hasil tingkat kedisiplinan guru masuk di kelas melaksanakan proses pembelajaran pada siklus 2 diperoleh gambaran bahwa sebanyak 29 orang guru atau (80,56%), yang terlambat masuk kelas kurang dari 5 menit, dan terdapat 5 orang guru atau (13,89%), yang terlambat masuk kelas 5 menit sampai dengan 10 menit, dan 2 orang guru atau (5,55%) yang terlambat masuk kelas lebih dari 10 menit.

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, dapat disimpulkan bahwa untuk meningkatkan disiplin guru dalam kehadiran di kelas pada kegiatan belajar mengajar dapat dilakukan dengan penerapan  Reward and Punishment kepada guru.
Maquiavelo en Venecia. Un agente secreto del papa, la alianza antiimperial y la conspiración “Morone”
Authors: Lettieri Gaetano
Published: September 2021

En este artículo se aportan pruebas documentales que permiten reconocer a un Maquiavelo que, en calidad de embajador secreto del papa, fue enviado a Venecia para llevar a cabo solo formalmente, siguiendo las órdenes de los Consoli dell´Arte della Lana, una misión, que no sería, por tanto, más que una mera fachada: recuperar una siempre indeterminada cantidad de ducados de oro que tres comerciantes florentinos se habían visto obligados a pagar al ser víctimas de una extorsión. La verdadera misión de Maquiavelo, en realidad, consistía en ponerse en contacto directo y personal con el dogo Gritti, con el objetivo de terminar de definir las condiciones relativas a la creación de una Liga militar anti-imperial y, por otra parte, observar en el mismo terreno como iba evolucionando la conspiración de Ávalos, orquestada, precisamente, por el mismo papa y Giberti, y organizada por Morone y Domenico Sauli. Siguiendo, por tanto, los documentos aquí presentados es posible interpretar de un modo absolutamente diferente la carta de Filippo de´Nerli en la que se menciona, hecho por todos conocido y que despertara más de una suspicacia, que Maquiavelo había ganado la lotería en Venecia; lotería que, casualmente, era gestionada por Giovanni Manenti, quien sería el mismo inminente productor de la segunda representación de la Mandragola en la Serenissima, además de actuar de intermediario secreto entre Maquiavelo y el propio dogo.

 

[1]      Traducción castellana, realizada por Mar Barbuto Fraga y controlada por el autor, del texto publicado originalmente como: Gaetano Lettieri, “Machiavelli in gioco. Un agente segreto papale a Venezia (1525)”, Studi e materiali di storia delle religioni, 84 (2), (2018), pp. 688-729.
Mediaciones femeninas en la "Crónica" y la "Gran Crónica de Alfonso XI"
Authors: Janin Erica , Harari Juan
Published: September 2021

En este trabajo, estudiaremos las mediaciones femeninas en dos versiones de un relato cronístico de la segunda mitad del siglo XIV que narra el reinado de Alfonso XI en dos contextos históricos diferentes. A través del estudio específico de las mediaciones femeninas en la Crónica y en la Gran Crónica de Alfonso XI, trataremos de entender, en primer lugar, los objetivos políticos particulares que en determinado momento histórico mueven la escritura y la reescritura de estas crónicas de una manera determinada y de acuerdo a necesidades más o menos coyunturales; y en segundo lugar, qué esquemas o matrices ideológicas generales sirven de cauce para la canalización de necesidades concretas de poder. Con este fin analizaremos la escritura y la reescritura de algunas mediaciones de María de Molina, María de Portugal y Juana Núñez en las crónicas aludidas.
Saints or Sinners? Sexuality, Reputation and Representation of Queens from Contemporary Sources to Modern Media
Authors: Woodacre Elena
Published: September 2021

This article explores allegations of sexual scandal connected with premodern royal women in Europe and China. It begins by assessing expectations of queenly ideals, particularly the emphasis given to female chastity in European and Chinese culture. This forms a foundation for an extended discussion of tales of sexual impropriety of both real and legendary queens from China in the third century BCE to eighteenth century Europe. This survey highlights three key themes: the idea of dangerous and destructive beauty, the topos of the wanton and promiscuous queen and perceptions of transgressive affairs. Finally, the article assesses the connection between the portrayal of the sexual scandal of royal women in contemporary sources with the way in which these women’s lives are represented in modern media, particularly films and television series. Ultimately, it demonstrates that allegations of sexual scandal could both be a means to attack these women (and their royal husbands) in their lifetimes and could have long lasting negative impact on the memory of their lives, resulting in their political power, agency and activity being obscured by an emphasis on their love lives and supposed affairs.
A Rare Prostate Pathology: Mantle Cell Lymphoma: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Ünal Selman , Uzundal Halil , Soydaş Turker , Özayar Asım , Ardıçoğlu Arslan , Kılıçarslan Aydan
Published: September 2021

Primary or secondary lymphoma of the prostate is a rare condition. Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) represent 4-9% of all lymphomas. Prostate involvement with MCL is very rare, with only 11 reported cases up to now. Here we present a case with lower urinary tract symptoms and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) elevation diagnosed with MCL of the prostate. Prostate biopsy was performed in a 70-year-old patient due to increased PSA. After the pathology result was reported as prostatic MCL, imaging studies and sampling of additional pathological specimens were performed for staging. An improvement was observed in the urinary system complaints of the patient who started chemotherapy regimen. While prostatectomy was performed in some of the prostatic MCL cases reported previously, in some, no additional treatment was required after chemotherapy. Our case is the only prostatic MCL case with elevated PSA levels, but did not receive the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Physicians should keep in mind that, prostatic MCL can present with nonspecific symptoms. Staging should be performed in patients whose histopathologic diagnosis is lymphoma of the prostate so as to determine appropriate treatment options.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Kidney Transplant Recipients: Our Single Center Experiences
Authors: Karadağ Serdar , Uğur Ramazan , Sam Emre , Ekşi Mithat , Çolakoğlu Yunus , Kart Yaşar Kadriye
Published: September 2021

Objective: To investigate whether tacrolimus (Tac), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), mycophenolic acid (MPA), prednisolone (Pred) and methylprednisolone (MP) are affect the COVID-19 pathogenesis and on its progression in kidney transplantation recipients diagnosed with COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods: Among patients hospitalized due to COVID-19, patients who had kidney transplantation were retrospectively detected on the online database of our center. Referral complaints, laboratory and radiological data at referral, applied treatment protocols, and ultimate conditions of the patients were documented. Results: Among the total of 11 patients, 73% (8) were male and 27% (3) were female. The mean age was 49.63 (27-71). Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were the most common comorbid diseases. The most common symptoms were coughing, fever and exhaustion-fatigue. High serum reactive protein and lymphopenia were detected in almost all patients. Acute renal failure was observed in seven patients (73%). While all patients were using Tac and Pred, nine patients (82%) were using MMF and two patients (18%) were using MPA. Hydroxychloroquine, favipiravir, and azithromycin were treatments for COVID-19. RT-PCR results of 11 patients were positive in 7 and negative in 4 patients. The mean hospital stay of the discharged patients was 8.8 days. Eight patients recovered and were discharged, treatment of two intubated patients continues in intensive care unit and one patient died. Conclusion: Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in kidney transplanted patients are similar to the general population and it should be kept in mind that the disease occurs with moderate-severe pneumonia in this patient group. Disease progress can be stopped through early treatment.
INDUSTRIALS SIMULATION MODELING TECHNOLOGY APPLICATION TO IMPROVE THE EFFICIENCY IN AUTOMATIC PRODUCTION LINE EQUIPMENT CRYSTALS
Authors:   Hanoi University of Industry, Vietnam, Nguyen Tuan-Linh
Published: September 2021

Currently, the application of technical advances to production plays an important role in improving productivity and saving production costs. The techniques applying information technology bring high efficiency, accuracy, reliability, pre-assessment of the results. Modeling and simulation are method that are widely used from research, design, manufacturing to operate the systems. With the help of computers, with high computational speed and large memory, the modeling method was strongly developed, bringing great efficiency in research and production practice. The assessment of effective use of equipment in the production line has a decisive role in increasing the productivity and decreasing cost. Therefore, the analysis and evaluation of the production line by the simulation model method is highly practical, bringing many effects in the management and use of equipment. In this study, a simulation of a specific problem was performed to estimate the simulated workshop. Then, building a new plan and comparing the proposed plane with the original plan to provide the reasonable solutions for the production process to effectively use the equipment in the production line.
DESIGN ASPECTS OF INSTALLATION DEVICES OF THE SUPPORT RINGS
Authors:   Technical University of Moldova, Botez Alexei , Rusu Elena ,   Technical University of Moldova
Published: September 2021

The processes of manufacturing machines and appliances show a continuous tendency to increase the degree of automation. An important role in the automation of manufacturing processes is played by the constructive technologicality of the product. It is important to use a minimum number of components, which have a construction as technological as possible in terms of automation. In this context, the use of supporting rings as fasteners is welcome. The design of the installation devices of these rings requires the knowledge of their deformation forces, information that is missing in the profile literature. The authors set their goal to develop the method for calculating the forces required to deform the supporting rings with a rectangular transverse profile and their maximum allowable deformations. The calculation relationships were obtained by formalizing the supporting ring through a bar with a fixed end and studying its deformation using Mohr's integral. The article lists some types of the supporting rings used in the construction of machines and appliances, their advantages and disadvantages, aspects of their automatic installation: deformation and installation methods, precision of joint orientation, optimal design, calculation of forces required for deformation and the maximum permissible deformation value. As a result of the research carried out, recommendations were developed regarding the calculation of some constructive parameters of the devices for installing the supporting rings.
An Investigation of Learners’ Writing Self-Efficacy and Risk Taking in Writing
Authors: Noorhaya Sari Faradina Primarini
Published: September 2021

This study was a quantitative research conducted to find out the correlation between writing self-efficacy and writing. Additionally, this study also aimed to find the correlation between risk taking and writing. The subjects of this study were first grade students of vocational school. The instruments were writing self-efficacy questionnaire, writing risk taking questionnaire, and writing test. To analyse the data for both objectives, Spearman rho was used. The result showed firstly that there was not any significant correlation between writing self-efficacy and writing. Secondly, it was identified that there was not any significant correlation between writing risk taking and writing.

Keywords: writing self-efficacy, writing risk taking, and writing.
A Descriptive Study of Clinical Presentation, Etiology and Management in Acute Mechanical Bowel Obstruction
Authors: Bugalia Rajendra Prasad , Meena Hariom , Kumar Sandeep
Published: September 2021

Background: Acute mechanical bowel obstruction is a common surgical emergency and a frequently encountered problem in abdominal surgery. It constitutes a major cause of morbidity in hospitals around the world and a significant cause of admissions to emergency surgical departments. Intestinal obstruction belongs to highly severe conditions, requiring a quick and correct diagnosis as well as immediate, rational and effective therapy.
Method: This is a prospective observational study which was carried on 130 patients of abdominal obstruction in the department of general surgery Sawai Man Singh Hospital Jaipur.
Results: The majority of patients in our study were 31-40 years of age group. Mostly patients were male account about 86.15%. Pain abdomen was the most frequent presenting symptoms (95.38%) and absence of passage of flatus and feces was next complain (89.23%). Nausea and vomiting was present in 84.62% of patients. Abdominal tenderness was the most common physical finding on clinical examination (96.92%). Abdominal distension was present in 81.54% patients. Adhesions and bands were the most prevalent etiology of obstruction in the small bowel obstruction (58.45%) and tumour and volvulus were the most common etiology in the large bowel (12.31%).
Conclusion: Intestinal obstruction is most commonly caused by intra-abdominal adhesions, Koch’s abdomen, malignancy and obstructed hernia. Conservative treatment with bowel rest and fluid resuscitation is successful in a variable proportion of patients. Patients with clinical degradation on assessment and radiological scans evoking ischemia or strangulated bowel obstruction need urgent surgery.

Keywords: Bowel Obstruction, Pain, Adhesions, Tumour.