bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
TANTANGAN DI ERA INDUSTRI 4.0: PENGARUH INTENSITAS TAYANGAN PROGRAM TELEVISI TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Septiani Eka , Sari Nur Indah , Mulyani Sri
Published: December 2020

Television media is one of the challenges we are currently facing  in era 4.0. The challenge that we face through television media are, among other things,how we can choose educational television programs, especially those that still prioritize the use of Indonesian language that is good and correct in its presentation. Ironically, most television programs presented no longer heed the standard Indonesian language. This study aims to find out how teenagers in this case are students can view and choose television programs that they watch every day. Based on these objectives, researchers used descriptive analysis methods through questionnaires. The selected sample was taken as many as 30 student randomly. From the result of the analysts, the data shows that television programs are currently very influential in facing challenge in era 4.0 againts the standard use of Indonesian among teenagers. Today’s television programs are lacking especially in terms of language in the screening so that it becomes a challenge for teenagers so that they are able to maintain the use of goog and correct Indonesian. Keyword: television programs, the challenge of era 4.0, Indonesian language shift.
Representasi Harapan dan Hopelessness dalam Video Clip BTS “Interlude: Shadow” (Kajian Semiotika Roland Barthes)
Authors: Wahyuningratna Ratu Nadya , Sutowo Irpan Ripa'i
Published: December 2020

Memiliki harapan merupakan hal yang lumrah bagi setiap orang. Tanpa harapan, seseorang seolah tidak memiliki tujuan dalam hidupnya. Namun kadang manusia tak hanya memiliki harapan yang sifatnya positif dalam hidupnya, tetapi juga memiliki keputusasaan atau hopelessness di saat sesuatu tidak berjalan sesuai keinginannya. Kedua perasaan ini bisa timbul di saat-saat tertentu, namu tidak semua orang mampu membaginya dengan orang lain. Berbeda dengan para musisi, mereka yang biasa menciptakan lagu, seringkali diberi kebebasan untuk mencurahkan perasaannya melalui lagu-lagu yang dibuatnya. Seperti halnya dengan boyband asal Korea Selatan, BTS, mereka diberi kebebasan oleh agensi yang menaunginya untuk mencurahkan perasaan mereka melalui lagu-lagu yang mereka ciptakan sendiri. Melalui lagu, mereka merasa bisa mengomunikasikan apa yang sedang mereka pikirkan dan rasakan kepada khalayak, terutama fans mereka (ARMY). Band ini begitu dicintai oleh publik, bisa dilihat dari banyaknya prestasi mengagumkan yang mereka dapatkan tak hanya di negaranya asalnya sendiri namun juga di seluruh dunia. Kejujuran yang mereka sampaikan lewat lirik lagu, rasa cinta mereka terhadap fans, bahkan harapan dan keputusasaan bisa dirasakan langsung oleh semua orang. Tak terkecuali lagu “Interlude: Shadow”, dari lirik dan video clip nya sendiri kita bisa menemukan isyarat harapan dan hopelessness di dalamnya. Karena itu penulis tertarik untuk mencari tahu lebih dalam representasi harapan dan hopelessness dari video clip “Interlude: Shadow” ini menggunakan Semiotika Roland Barthes.
Exploring Antiparasitic Molecule Sources from Timber by-Product Industries—Leishmanicidal and Trypanocidal Compounds from Clathrotropis brunnea Amshoff
Authors: Torres Fernando , Robledo Sara M. , Quiñones Wiston , Escobar Gustavo , Archbold Rosendo , Correa Edwin , Gil Juan Fernando , Arbeláez Natalia , Murillo Javier , Echeverri Fernando
Published: December 2020

Through bioguided in vitro assays, the leishmanicidal and trypanocidal effects of an ethanol extract, seven fractions, and two pure substances obtained from Clathrotropis brunnea Amshoff sawdust were established. The effectiveness of the two metabolites was confirmed in a hamster model of cutaneous Leishmaniasis by Leishmania braziliensis and in Balb/c mice infected by Trypanosoma cruzi. In vitro, 3,5-dimethoxystilbene was the most active against L. braziliensis amastigotes, with a median lethal concentration (LC50) of 4.18 μg/ml (17.40 μM) and a selectivity index of 3.55, but showed moderate activity for T. cruzi, with a median effective concentration (EC50) value of 27.7 μg/ml (115.36 μM). Flavanone pinostrobin, meanwhile, showed high activity against L. braziliensis, with an EC50 of 13.61 μg/ml (50.39 μM), as well as for T. cruzi, with an EC50 of 18.2 μg/ml (67.38 μM). The animal model assay of cutaneous Leishmaniasis showed that 50% of the hamsters treated with pinostrobin were definitively cured the cutaneous ulcer, and 40% showed an improvement, with a reduction in the size of the of 84–87%. Moreover, Balb/c mice experimentally infected with T. cruzi and treated for 25 days with pinostrobin experienced a reduction in their parasitemia by 71%. These results demonstrate the high potential of C. brunnea Amshoff against cutaneous Leishmaniasis and American trypanosomiasis and indicate the pharmacological potential of waste from the wood industry, which has tons of potentially useful chemicals for the development of new medicines.
Comparison of the Morphology and Developmental Potential of Oocytes Obtained from Prepubertal and Adult Domestic and Wild Cats
Authors: Kochan Joanna , Nowak Agnieszka , Młodawska Wiesława , Prochowska Sylwia , Partyka Agnieszka , Skotnicki Józef , Niżański Wojciech
Published: December 2020

The aim of the study was to compare the morphology and developmental potential of oocytes obtained from adult and prepubertal domestic cats (Felis catus) and wild cats (Lynx lynx, Leptailurus serval, Felis manul, Panthera tigris altaica). The average number of oocytes obtained from an adult domestic cat was 23 ± 11, which was significantly lower than from kittens (43 ± 29). A similar number of oocytes was derived from adult Pallas’s cats (28 ± 8), and serval (30). The lowest number of oocytes was collected from the lynx (5 ± 3). No oocytes were obtained from newborn Amur tiger while in the case of older domestic and Pallas’s cat and lynx kittens (1–3 months) 43, 48 and 41 oocytes were collected, respectively. Significant differences (p < 0.001) were observed between the number of oocytes with dark cytoplasm from adult and prepubertal animals of all analyzed species. The diameter of oocytes from adult and prepubertal animals was similar in all species, and was on average 161 ± 4 µm for oocytes with dark cytoplasm and 150 ± 18 µm for oocytes with light cytoplasm. In all species, oocytes with light cytoplasm were significantly smaller (p < 0.05) than dark ones, and their population was more diverse. Results of in vitro maturation of the domestic and wild cat′s oocytes obtained from adult and prepubertal females were similar (47–52%). The cleavage rate after in vitro fertilization (IVF) was lower for prepubertal than adult domestic cats (42 vs. 51%; p < 0.05%). Moreover, we observed differences in the quantity (28 vs. 39%; p < 0.05) and quality of blastocysts and even greater problems with hatching blastocysts from prepubertal kittens (8 vs. 19%; p < 0.001). More blastomeres were detected in blastocysts of adult cats. They also demonstrated significantly higher number of inner cell mass (ICM) (p < 0.001) and higher number of trophoblast cells (TE) (p < 0.05).
Identifying Aerosol Subtypes from CALIPSO Lidar Profiles Using Deep Machine Learning
Authors: Zeng Shan , Omar Ali , Vaughan Mark , Ortiz Macarena , Trepte Charles , Tackett Jason , Yagle Jeremy , Lucker Patricia , Hu Yongxiang , Winker David , Rodier Sharon , Getzewich Brian
Published: December 2020

The Cloud–Aerosol Lidar with Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP), on-board the Cloud–Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) platform, is an elastic backscatter lidar that has been providing vertical profiles of the spatial, optical, and microphysical properties of clouds and aerosols since June 2006. Distinguishing between feature types (i.e., clouds vs. aerosol) and subtypes (e.g., ice clouds vs. water clouds and dust aerosols from smoke) in the CALIOP measurements is currently accomplished using layer-integrated measurements acquired by co-polarized (parallel) and cross-polarized (perpendicular) 532 nm channels and a single 1064 nm channel. Newly developed deep machine learning (DML) semantic segmentation methods now have the ability to combine observations from multiple channels with texture information to recognize patterns in data. Instead of focusing on a limited set of layer integrated values, our new DML feature classification technique uses the full scope of range-resolved information available in the CALIOP attenuated backscatter profiles. In this paper, one of the convolutional neural networks (CNN), SegNet, a fast and efficient DML model, is used to distinguish aerosol subtypes directly from the CALIOP profiles. The DML method is a 2D range bin-to-range bin aerosol subtype classification algorithm. We compare our new DML results to the classifications generated by CALIOP’s 1D layer-to-layer operational retrieval algorithm. These two methods, which take distinctly different approaches to aerosol classification, agree in over 60% of the comparisons. Higher levels of agreement are found in homogeneous scenes containing only a single aerosol type (i.e., marine, stratospheric aerosols). Disagreement between the two techniques increases in regions containing mixture of different aerosol types. The multi-dimensional texture information leveraged by the DML method shows advantages in differentiating between aerosol types based on their classification scores, as well as in distinguishing vertical distributions of aerosol types within individual layers. However, untangling mixtures of aerosol subtypes is still challenging for both the DML and operational algorithms.
Regional New Particle Formation over the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East
Authors: Kalkavouras Panayiotis , BougiatiotI Aikaterini , Hussein Tareq , Kalivitis Nikos , Stavroulas Iasonas , Michalopoulos Panagiotis , Mihalopoulos Nikolaos
Published: December 2020

Atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) events taking place over large distances between locations, featuring similar characteristics, have been the focus of studies during the last decade. The exact mechanism which triggers NPF still remains indefinable, so are the circumstances under which simultaneous occurrence of such events take place in different environments, let alone in environments which are parted by over 1200 km. In this study, concurrent number size distribution measurements were conducted in the urban environments of Athens (Greece) and Amman (Jordan) as well as the regional background site of Finokalia, Crete, all located within a distance of almost 1300 km for a 6-month period (February–July 2017). During the study period Athens and Finokalia had similar occurrence of NPF (around 20%), while the occurrence in Amman was double. When focusing on the dynamic characteristics at each site, it occurs that formation and growth rates at Amman are similar to those at Finokalia, while lower values in Athens can be ascribed to a higher pre-existing particle number at this urban site. By comparing common NPF events there are 5 concomitant days between all three sites, highly related to air masses origin. Additionally, for another 19 days NPF takes place simultaneously between Finokalia and Amman, which also share common meteorological characteristics, adding to a total of 60% out of 41 NPF events observed at Finokalia, also simultaneously occurring in Amman.
Modulatory Effects of Autophagy on APP Processing as a Potential Treatment Target for Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Rahman Md. Ataur , Rahman Md Saidur , Rahman MD. Hasanur , Rasheduzzaman Mohammad , Mamun-Or-Rashid ANM , Uddin Md Jamal , Rahman Md Rezanur , Hwang Hongik , Pang Myung-Geol , Rhim Hyewhon
Published: December 2020

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by the formation of intracellular aggregate composed of heavily phosphorylated tau protein and extracellular deposit of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques derived from proteolysis cleavage of amyloid precursor protein (APP). Autophagy refers to the lysosomal-mediated degradation of cytoplasmic constituents, which plays a critical role in maintaining cellular homeostasis. Importantly, recent studies reported that dysregulation of autophagy is associated in the pathogenesis of AD, and therefore, autophagy modulation has gained attention as a promising approach to treat AD pathogenesis. In AD, both the maturation of autolysosomes and its retrograde transports have been obstructed, which causes the accumulation of autophagic vacuoles and eventually leads to degenerating and dystrophic neurites function. However, the mechanism of autophagy modulation in APP processing and its pathogenesis have not yet been fully elucidated in AD. In the early stage of AD, APP processing and Aβ accumulation-mediated autophagy facilitate the removal of toxic protein aggregates via mTOR-dependent and -independent pathways. In addition, a number of autophagy-related genes (Atg) and APP are thought to influence the development of AD, providing a bidirectional link between autophagy and AD pathology. In this review, we summarized the current observations related to autophagy regulation and APP processing in AD, focusing on their modulation associated with the AD progression. Moreover, we emphasizes the application of small molecules and natural compounds to modulate autophagy for the removal and clearance of APP and Aβ deposits in the pathological condition of AD.
Similarities and Differences in Extracellular Vesicle Profiles between Ischaemic Stroke and Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Otero-Ortega Laura , Alonso-López Elisa , Pérez-Mato María , Laso-García Fernando , Gómez-de Frutos Mari Carmen , Diekhorst Luke , García-Bermejo María Laura , Conde-Moreno Elisa , Fuentes Blanca , Alonso de Leciñana María , Armada Eduardo , Buiza-Palomino Lorena , Díez-Tejedor Exuperio , Gutiérrez-Fernández María
Published: December 2020

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are involved in intercellular signalling through the transfer of molecules during physiological and pathological conditions, such as ischaemic disease. EVs might therefore play a role in ischaemic stroke (IS) and myocardial infarction (MI). In the present study, we analysed the similarities and differences in the content of circulating EVs in patients with IS and MI. This prospective observational study enrolled 140 participants (81 patients with IS, 37 with MI and 22 healthy controls [HCs]). We analysed the protein and microRNA content from EVs using proteomics and reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and compared it between the groups. In the patients with IS and MI, we identified 14 common proteins. When comparing IS and MI, we found differences in the protein profiles (apolipoprotein B, alpha-2-macroglobulin, fibronectin). We also found lower levels of miR-340 and miR-424 and higher levels of miR-29b in the patients with IS and MI compared with the HCs. Lastly, we found higher miR-340 levels in IS than in MI. In conclusion, proteomic and miRNA analyses suggest a relationship between circulating EV content and the patient’s disease state. Although IS and MI affect different organs (brain and heart) with distinct histological characteristics, certain EV proteins and miRNAs appear to participate in both diseases, while others are present only in patients with IS.
Opposite Pathways of Cholinergic Mechanisms of Hypoxic Preconditioning in the Hippocampus: Participation of Nicotinic α7 Receptors and Their Association with the Baseline Level of Startle Prepulse Inhibition
Authors: Zakharova Elena I. , Storozheva Zinaida I. , Proshin Andrey T. , Monakov Mikhail Yu. , Dudchenko Alexander M.
Published: December 2020

(1) Background. A one-time moderate hypobaric hypoxia (HBH) has a preconditioning effect whose neuronal mechanisms are not studied well. Previously, we found a stable correlation between the HBH efficiency and acoustic startle prepulse inhibition (PPI). This makes it possible to predict the individual efficiency of HBH in animals and to study its potential adaptive mechanisms. We revealed a bi-directional action of nicotinic α7 receptor agonist PNU-282987 and its solvent dimethyl sulfoxide on HBH efficiency with the level of PPI > or < 40%. (2) The aim of the present study was to estimate cholinergic mechanisms of HBH effects in different brain regions. (3) Methods: in rats pretested for PPI, we evaluated the activity of synaptic membrane-bound and water-soluble choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) in the sub-fractions of ‘light’ and ‘heavy’ synaptosomes of the neocortex, hippocampus and caudal brainstem in the intact brain and after HBH. We tested the dose-dependent influence of PNU-282987 on the HBH efficiency. (4) Results: PPI level and ChAT activity correlated negatively in all brain structures of the intact animals, so that the values of the latter were higher in rats with PPI < 40% compared to those with PPI > 40%. After HBH, this ChAT activity difference was leveled in the neocortex and caudal brainstem, while for membrane-bound ChAT in the ‘light’ synaptosomal fraction of hippocampus, it was reversed to the opposite. In addition, a pharmacological study revealed that PNU-282987 in all used doses and its solvent displayed corresponding opposite effects on HBH efficiency in rats with different levels of PPI. (5) Conclusion: We substantiate that in rats with low and high PPI two opposite hippocampal cholinergic mechanisms are involved in hypoxic preconditioning, and both are implemented by forebrain projections via nicotinic α7 receptors. Possible causes of association between general protective adaptation, HBH, PPI, forebrain cholinergic system and hippocampus are discussed.
Clinical Performance and Future Potential of Magnetic Resonance Thermometry in Hyperthermia
Authors: Feddersen Theresa V. , Hernandez-Tamames Juan A. , Franckena Martine , van Rhoon Gerard C. , Paulides Margarethus M.
Published: December 2020

Hyperthermia treatments in the clinic rely on accurate temperature measurements to guide treatments and evaluate clinical outcome. Currently, magnetic resonance thermometry (MRT) is the only clinical option to non-invasively measure 3D temperature distributions. In this review, we evaluate the status quo and emerging approaches in this evolving technology for replacing conventional dosimetry based on intraluminal or invasively placed probes. First, we define standardized MRT performance thresholds, aiming at facilitating transparency in this field when comparing MR temperature mapping performance for the various scenarios that hyperthermia is currently applied in the clinic. This is based upon our clinical experience of treating nearly 4000 patients with superficial and deep hyperthermia. Second, we perform a systematic literature review, assessing MRT performance in (I) clinical and (II) pre-clinical papers. From (I) we identify the current clinical status of MRT, including the problems faced and from (II) we extract promising new techniques with the potential to accelerate progress. From (I) we found that the basic requirements for MRT during hyperthermia in the clinic are largely met for regions without motion, for example extremities. In more challenging regions (abdomen and thorax), progress has been stagnating after the clinical introduction of MRT-guided hyperthermia over 20 years ago. One clear difficulty for advancement is that performance is not or not uniformly reported, but also that studies often omit important details regarding their approach. Motion was found to be the common main issue hindering accurate MRT. Based on (II), we reported and highlighted promising developments to tackle the issues resulting from motion (directly or indirectly), including new developments as well as optimization of already existing strategies. Combined, these may have the potential to facilitate improvement in MRT in the form of more stable and reliable measurements via better stability and accuracy.
Role of Notch Receptors in Hematologic Malignancies
Authors: Gragnani Laura , Lorini Serena , Marri Silvia , Zignego Anna Linda
Published: December 2020

Notch receptors are single-pass transmembrane proteins that play a critical role in cell fate decisions and have been implicated in the regulation of many developmental processes. The human Notch family comprises of four receptors (Notch 1 to 4) and five ligands. Their signaling can regulate extremely basic cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation and death. Notch is also involved in hematopoiesis and angiogenesis, and increasing evidence suggests that these genes are involved and frequently deregulated in several human malignancies, contributing to cell autonomous activities that may be either oncogenic or tumor suppressive. It was recently proposed that Notch signaling could play an active role in promoting and sustaining a broad spectrum of lymphoid malignancies as well as mutations in Notch family members that are present in several disorders of T- and B-cells, which could be responsible for altering the related signaling. Therefore, different Notch pathway molecules could be considered as potential therapeutic targets for hematological cancers. In this review, we will summarize and discuss compelling evidence pointing to Notch receptors as pleiotropic regulators of hematologic malignancies biology, first describing the physiological role of their signaling in T- and B-cell development and homeostasis, in order to fully understand the pathological alterations reported.
Physical Activity Level, Mediterranean Diet Adherence, and Emotional Intelligence as a Function of Family Functioning in Elementary School Students
Authors: Melguizo-Ibáñez Eduardo , Viciana-Garófano Virginia , Zurita-Ortega Félix , Ubago-Jiménez José Luis , González-Valero Gabriel
Published: December 2020

(1) Background: Family is considered as one of the most important elements for the transmission of healthy habits that improve the lives of students. For this reason, the present study aims to describe the degree of family functionality, emotional intelligence, Mediterranean diet adherence, and extra-curricular physical activity engagement. A further aim is to perform a correlational analysis between these variables. (2) Methods: To this end, an ad hoc questionnaire was used, alongside the APGAR, KIDMED, and Trait Meta Mood Scale (TMMS-24). (3) Results: Finally, the data suggest that a high percentage of students need to improve their diet. Further, students reporting severe family dysfunction showed worse outcomes. Thus, levels of emotional clarity were lower when family functionality was poor. Poor diet quality was also associated with lower emotional attention, with Mediterranean diet adherence being positively related to emotional clarity and repair, as well as normal family functionality. (4) Conclusions: Boys showed higher levels of adherence to the Mediterranean diet adherence, while girls reported higher family functionality. Thus, compliance with the minimum recommendations for physical activity engagement was associated with adequate adherence to the Mediterranean diet. The importance of diet for obtaining an optimal physical condition, adequate emotional state, and family functionality is highlighted.
Effect of Scan Length on Densification and Crystallographic Texture Formation of Pure Chromium Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Authors: Gokcekaya Ozkan , Ishimoto Takuya , Todo Tsubasa , Suganuma Ryoya , Fukushima Ryo , Narushima Takayuki , Nakano Takayoshi
Published: December 2020

Processing of pure chromium (Cr) encounters substantial challenges due to its high melting point and intrinsic brittleness. Although laser powder bed fusion processing (LPBF) offers a novel processing approach by reaching the temperature required to melt pure Cr, the high ductile-to-brittle transformation temperature (DBTT) of pure Cr prevents the density of the as-built Cr component from reaching the level of industrial acceptance. This study focuses on raising the quality of the as-built pure Cr components to the industrial level while considering the effect of scan length on densification and crystallographic texture. It was found that short scan length induced by feature size improved the density of as-built specimens while strengthening the texture suggesting uniform heat distribution and lower thermal gradients as a result of short time intervals in scanning tracks and layers. It was discovered that cracking caused by residual stress was detrimental to densification due to the DBTT characteristic of pure Cr, which was localized at high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs) with high misorientation. The decrease in density and misorientation of HAGBs owing to the increase in grain size and texture strength, respectively, improved the density of as-built Cr up to 97.6% and altered its mechanical properties. Therefore, these findings offer new insight into the LPBF processing of metals with high DBTT characteristics.
Flow Structures on a Planar Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Nozzle at Low and Intermediate Reynolds Number
Authors: Corrochano Adrián , Xavier Donnatella , Schlatter Philipp , Vinuesa Ricardo , Le Clainche Soledad
Published: December 2020

In this paper, we present a general description of the flow structures inside a two-dimensional Food and Drug Administration (FDA) nozzle. To this aim, we have performed numerical simulations using the numerical code Nek5000. The topology patters of the solution obtained, identify four different flow regimes when the flow is steady, where the symmetry of the flow breaks down. An additional case has been studied at higher Reynolds number, when the flow is unsteady, finding a vortex street distributed along the expansion pipe of the geometry. Linear stability analysis identifies the evolution of two steady and two unsteady modes. The results obtained have been connected with the changes in the topology of the flow. Finally, higher-order dynamic mode decomposition has been applied to identify the main flow structures in the unsteady flow inside the FDA nozzle. The highest-amplitude dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) modes identified by the method model the vortex street in the expansion of the geometry.
A Minimally Invasive Technique for Short Spiral Implant Insertion with Contextual Crestal Sinus Lifting in the Atrophic Maxilla: A Preliminary Report
Authors: Corsalini Massimo , D’Agostino Silvia , Favia Gianfranco , Dolci Marco , Tempesta Angela , Di Venere Daniela , Limongelli Luisa , Capodiferro Saverio
Published: December 2020

The most recently reported techniques for the rehabilitation of the atrophic posterior maxilla are increasingly less invasive, as they are generally oriented to avoid sinus floor elevation with lateral access. The authors describe a mini-invasive surgical technique for short spiral implant insertion for the prosthetic rehabilitation of the atrophic posterior maxilla, which could be considered a combination of several previously described techniques based on the under-preparation of the implant site to improve fixture primary stability and crestal approach to the sinus floor elevation without heterologous bone graft. Eighty short spiral implants were inserted in the molar area of the maxilla in patients with 4.5–6 mm of alveolar bone, measured on pre-operative computed tomography. The surgical technique involved careful drilling for the preparation of implant sites at differentiated depths, allowing bone dislocation in the apical direction, traumatic crestal sinus membrane elevation, and insertion of an implant (with spiral morphology) longer than pre-operative measurements. Prostheses were all single crowns. In all cases, a spiral implant 2–4 mm longer than the residual bone was placed. Only two implants were lost due to peri-implantitis but subsequently replaced and followed-up. Bone loss values around the implants after three months (at the re-opening) ranged from 0 to 0.6 mm, (median value: 0.1 mm), while after two years, the same values ranged from 0.4 to 1.3 mm (median value: 0.7 mm). Clinical post-operative complications did not occur. After ten years, no implant has been lost. Overall, the described protocol seems to show good results in terms of predictability and patient compliance.
Advanced Greenhouse Horticulture: New Technologies and Cultivation Practices
Authors: Koukounaras Athanasios
Published: December 2020

Greenhouse horticulture is one of the most intensive agricultural systems, with the advantages of environmental parameter control (temperature, light, etc.), higher efficiency of resource utilization (water, fertilizers, etc.) and the use of advanced technologies (hydroponics, automation, etc.) for higher productivity, earliness, stability of production and better quality. On the other hand, climate change and the application of high inputs without suitable management could have negative impacts on the expansion of the greenhouse horticulture sector. This special issue gathers twelve papers: three reviews and nine of original research. There is one review that focuses on irrigation of greenhouse crops, while a second surveys the effects of biochar on container substrate properties and plant growth. A third review examines the impact of light quality on plant–microbe interactions, especially non-phototrophic organisms. The research papers report both the use of new technologies as well as advanced cultivation practices. In particular, new technologies are presented such as dye-sensitized solar cells for the glass cover of a greenhouse, automation for water and nitrogen deficit stress detection in soilless tomato crops based on spectral indices, light-emitting diode (LED) lighting and gibberellic acid supplementation on potted ornamentals, the integration of brewery wastewater treatment through anaerobic digestion with substrate-based soilless agriculture, and application of diatomaceous earth as a silica supplement on potted ornamentals. Research studies about cultivation practices are presented comparing different systems (organic-conventional, aeroponic-nutrient film technique (NFT)-substrate culture), quantitative criteria for determining the quality of grafted seedlings, and of wild species as alternative crops for cultivation.
Living in a Larger Body: Do Exercise Motives Influence Associations between Body Image and Exercise Avoidance Motivation?
Authors: Greenleaf Christy , Rodriguez Alexandra M.
Published: December 2020

The study explored reasons for exercise as possible mediators of the relationship between body appreciation and exercise avoidance motivation and between body surveillance and exercise avoidance motivation. Using a cross-sectional design, 131 women with a body mass index (BMI) of 25 or higher completed measures of body surveillance, body appreciation, reasons for exercise, and exercise avoidance motivation. Mediation analyses indicated that appearance-oriented reasons for exercise partially mediated the body surveillance–exercise avoidance motivation relationship. Health and fitness professionals, organizations, and environments should avoid reinforcing appearance-oriented reasons for exercise. Rather, empowering exercise experiences and environments should be created as they seem to benefit women regardless of reasons for exercise.
Depression Mediates the Relationship between Food Insecurity and Pain Interference in College Students
Authors: Umeda Masataka , Ullevig Sarah , Chung Eunhee , Kim Youngdeok , Escobedo Tanya , Zeitz Christopher
Published: December 2020

Food insecurity (FI) typically produces unfavorable health conditions. Research shows the high prevalence of FI among college students, and depression is one of the adverse effects of FIamong them. It is possible that FI may increase the risk of pain via depression; however, it is currently unclear whether FI is linked to pain among college students. Therefore, this study compared pain experiences between students with and without FI, and examined the relationship between FI, depression, and pain. One hundred seventy-six college students at a Hispanic-serving institution in the southwestern region of US completed self-report measures to assess FI, depression, pain severity, and pain interference. Results indicated that approximately 24% of the students were categorized as food insecure, and those students scored higher on pain interference compared to food-secure students. FI was positively associated with depression and pain interference scores, and depression scores were positively associated with pain interference scores. The mediation analyses based on the counterfactual framework demonstrated a significant mediation effect of depression, where 50.59% of the total effect of FI on pain interference was attributable to the depression. These results suggest that FI extends its negative effects into pain interference among college students, but better management of depression may help alleviate the effects of FI on pain interference.
Resonantly Forced Baroclinic Waves in the Oceans: A New Approach to Climate Variability
Authors: Pinault Jean-Louis
Published: December 2020

How variations in Earth’s orbit pace the glacial-interglacial cycles of the Quaternary are probably one of the greatest mysteries of modern climate science. These changes in the forcing are too small to explain the observed climate variations as simple linear responses. Consequently, to strictly apply the Milankovitch’s theory, a mediator involving positive feedbacks must be found, endowing the climate response with a resonant feature. This mediation should help explain the Mid-Pleistocene Transition (MPT) by involving orbital variations as the only external forcing, contrary to the current theory that supposes the coevolution of climate, ice sheets, and carbon cycle over the past 3 million years. Supported by both observational and theoretical considerations, recent work shows that long-period Rossby waves winding around subtropical ocean gyres meet the requirements of the sought mediator. Propagating cyclonically around the subtropical gyres, the so-called Gyral Rossby waves (GRWs) owe their origin to the gradient β of the Coriolis parameter relative to the mean radius of the gyres. The resulting modulated western boundary current, whose velocity is added to that of the steady anticyclonic wind-driven current, accelerates/decelerates according to the phase of GRWs. This amplifies the oscillation of the thermocline because of a positive feedback loop ensuing from the temperature gradient between the high and low latitudes of the gyres. Multi-frequency GRWs overlap, behaving as coupled oscillators with inertia resonantly forced by solar and orbital cycles in subharmonic modes. So, the efficiency of forcing increases considerably as the forcing period approaches a natural period of the GRWs. Taking advantage of (1) the alkenone paleothermometer in sediment cores sampled in the Tasman Sea floor, we show that, in the same way as during the MPT, but with periods 10 times longer, a transition occurred at the hinge of Pliocene-Pleistocene. Both transitions as well as the observed adjustment of the South Pacific gyre to the resonance conditions during the MPT are explained from orbital forcing alone—(2) data set of individual Globigerinoides ruberδO 18 spanning the Holocene and the Last Glacial Maximum from sediment core in the eastern equatorial Pacific, we show how the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) activity is modulated according to subharmonic modes. Periods of warming induce a decrease in ENSO activity while periods of cooling induce an increase.
Risk Perception, Accounting, and Resilience in Public Sector Organizations: A Case Study Analysis
Authors: Tallaki Mouhcine , Bracci Enrico
Published: December 2020

There are various factors that can affect an organization’s ability to overcome a crisis and the uncertainties that arise thereafter. Little is known about the process of organizational resilience and the factors that can help or prevent it. In this paper, we analyzed how public sector organizations build resilience/traits of risks awareness, and in doing that, we derived some elements that could affect the process of resilience. In particular, drawing on the conceptual framework proposed by Mallak we analyzed an in-depth case study in a public sector organization (PSO) identifying some contextual dimensions implicated in the process of building resilience. In our analysis, we identified two main elements that affect resilience: Risk perception and the use of accounting. Results shown how risk perception is perceived as a trigger, while accounting is considered as an enforcer in the process of building resilience capacity. The results also show the way accounting is implicated in the management of austerity programs and supporting the creation of a resilient public sector organization. In our case, the risk has become an opportunity for change. In the face of these budget cuts, management began refocusing the company’s mission from infrastructure maintenance to providing services with a market-based logic.
Bonferroni Prioritized Aggregation Operators Applied to Government Transparency
Authors: Perez-Arellano Luis A. , Blanco-Mesa Fabio , Leon-Castro Ernesto , Alfaro-Garcia Victor
Published: December 2020

This article applies the Bonferroni prioritized induced heavy ordered weighted average (OWA) to analyze a series of data and focuses on the Bonferroni average and heavy induced prioritized aggregation operators. The objective of the present work is to present a new aggregation operator that combines the heavy induced prioritized Bonferroni and its formulations and represents the Bonferroni mean with variables that induce an order with vectors that are greater than one. This work develops some extensions using prioritization. The main advantage is that different types of information provided by a group of decision makers to compare real situations are included in this formulation. Finally, an example using the operators to calculate the transparency of the websites of the 32 states of Mexico was performed. The main idea was to visualize how the ranking can change depending on the importance of the five components of the methodology. The main results show that it is possible to detect some important changes depending on the operator and the experts considered.
Analysis of the Parametric Correlation in Mathematical Modeling of In Vitro Glioblastoma Evolution Using Copulas
Authors: Ayensa-Jiménez Jacobo , Pérez-Aliacar Marina , Randelovic Teodora , Sanz-Herrera José Antonio , Doweidar Mohamed H. , Doblaré Manuel
Published: December 2020

Modeling and simulation are essential tools for better understanding complex biological processes, such as cancer evolution. However, the resulting mathematical models are often highly non-linear and include many parameters, which, in many cases, are difficult to estimate and present strong correlations. Therefore, a proper parametric analysis is mandatory. Following a previous work in which we modeled the in vitro evolution of Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) under hypoxic conditions, we analyze and solve here the problem found of parametric correlation. With this aim, we develop a methodology based on copulas to approximate the multidimensional probability density function of the correlated parameters. Once the model is defined, we analyze the experimental setting to optimize the utility of each configuration in terms of gathered information. We prove that experimental configurations with oxygen gradient and high cell concentration have the highest utility when we want to separate correlated effects in our experimental design. We demonstrate that copulas are an adequate tool to analyze highly-correlated multiparametric mathematical models such as those appearing in Biology, with the added value of providing key information for the optimal design of experiments, reducing time and cost in in vivo and in vitro experimental campaigns, like those required in microfluidic models of GBM evolution.
The Existence and Uniqueness of the Solution of a Nonlinear Fredholm–Volterra Integral Equation with Modified Argument via Geraghty Contractions
Authors: Dobriţoiu Maria
Published: December 2020

Using some of the extended fixed point results for Geraghty contractions in b-metric spaces given by Faraji, Savić and Radenović and their idea to apply these results to nonlinear integral equations, in this paper we present some existence and uniqueness conditions for the solution of a nonlinear Fredholm–Volterra integral equation with a modified argument.
Large-Signal Linearity and High-Frequency Noise of Passivated AlGaN/GaN High-Electron Mobility Transistors
Authors: Lin Yu-Shyan , Lin Shin-Fu
Published: December 2020

This study proposes AlGaN/GaN/silicon high-electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) grown by a metallorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) system. The large-signal linearity and high-frequency noise of HEMTs without and with different passivation layers are compared. The experimental data show that the addition of a TiO2 passivation layer to undoped AlGaN/GaN HEMT’s increases the value of the third-order intercept point (OIP3) by up to 70% at 2.4 GHz. Furthermore, the minimum noise figure (NFmin) of the HEMT with TiO2 passivation is significantly reduced.
Exploring the Capability of Yeasts Isolated from Colombian Fermented Cocoa Beans to Form and Degrade Biogenic Amines in a Lab-Scale Model System for Cocoa Fermentation
Authors: Delgado-Ospina Johannes , Acquaticci Laura , Molina-Hernandez Junior Bernardo , Rantsiou Kalliopi , Martuscelli Maria , Kamgang-Nzekoue Astride Franks , Vittori Sauro , Paparella Antonello , Chaves-López Clemencia
Published: December 2020

Yeast starters for cocoa fermentation are usually tested according to their enzymatic activities in terms of mucilage degradation and flavor improvement, disregarding their influence on the production or elimination of toxic compounds as biogenic amines (BAs), important for human health. In this work, we tested 145 strains belonging to 12 different yeast species and isolated from the Colombian fermented cocoa beans (CB) for their capability of producing BAs in vitro. Sixty-five strains were able to decarboxylate at least one of the amino acids tested. Pichia kudriavzevii ECA33 (Pk) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae 4 (Sc) were selected to evaluate their potential to modulate BAs, organic acids, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) accumulation during a simulated cocoa fermentation. The growth of Sc or Pk in the presence of CB caused a significant reduction (p < 0.05) of 2-phenylethylamine (84% and 37%) and cadaverine (58% and 51%), and a significant increase of tryptamine and putrescine with a strong influence of temperature in BA formation and degradation. In addition, our findings pointed out that Pk induced a major production of fatty acid- and amino acid-derived VOCs, while Sc induced more VOCs derived from fatty acids metabolism. Our results suggest the importance of considering BA production in the choice of yeast starters for cocoa fermentation.
Identification of a blaVIM-1-Carrying IncA/C2 Multiresistance Plasmid in an Escherichia coli Isolate Recovered from the German Food Chain
Authors: Pauly Natalie , Hammerl Jens Andre , Grobbel Mirjam , Käsbohrer Annemarie , Tenhagen Bernd-Alois , Malorny Burkhard , Schwarz Stefan , Meemken Diana , Irrgang Alexandra
Published: December 2020

Within the German national monitoring of zoonotic agents, antimicrobial resistance determination also targets carbapenemase-producing (CP) Escherichia coli by selective isolation from food and livestock. In this monitoring in 2019, the CP E. coli 19-AB01133 was recovered from pork shoulder. The isolate was assigned to the phylogenetic group B1 and exhibited the multi-locus sequence-type ST5869. Molecular investigations, including whole genome sequencing, of 19-AB01133 revealed that the isolate carried the resistance genes blaVIM-1, blaSHV-5 and blaCMY-13 on a self-transmissible IncA/C2 plasmid. The plasmid was closely related to the previously described VIM-1-encoding plasmid S15FP06257_p from E. coli of pork origin in Belgium. Our results indicate an occasional spread of the blaVIM-1 gene in Enterobacteriaceae of the European pig population. Moreover, the blaVIM-1 located on an IncA/C2 plasmid supports the presumption of a new, probably human source of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) entering the livestock and food chain sector.
New Insights into the Ecology and Physiology of Methanomassiliicoccales from Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments
Authors: Cozannet Marc , Borrel Guillaume , Roussel Erwan , Moalic Yann , Allioux Maxime , Sanvoisin Amandine , Toffin Laurent , Alain Karine
Published: December 2020

Members of the archaeal order Methanomassiliicoccales are methanogens mainly associated with animal digestive tracts. However, environmental members remain poorly characterized as no representatives not associated with a host have been cultivated so far. In this study, metabarcoding screening combined with quantitative PCR analyses on a collection of diverse non-host-associated environmental samples revealed that Methanomassiliicoccales were very scarce in most terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Relative abundance of Methanomassiliicoccales and substrates/products of methanogenesis were monitored during incubation of environmental slurries. A sediment slurry enriched in Methanomassiliicoccales was obtained from a freshwater sample. It allowed the reconstruction of a high-quality metagenome-assembled genome (MAG) corresponding to a new candidate species, for which we propose the name of Candidatus ‘Methanomassiliicoccus armoricus MXMAG1’. Comparison of the annotated genome of MXMAG1 with the published genomes and MAGs from Methanomassiliicoccales belonging to the 2 known clades (‘free-living’/non-host-associated environmental clade and ‘host-associated’/digestive clade) allowed us to explore the putative physiological traits of Candidatus ‘M. armoricus MXMAG1’. As expected, Ca. ‘Methanomassiliicoccus armoricus MXMAG1’ had the genetic potential to produce methane by reduction of methyl compounds and dihydrogen oxidation. This MAG encodes for several putative physiological and stress response adaptations, including biosynthesis of trehalose (osmotic and temperature regulations), agmatine production (pH regulation), and arsenic detoxication, by reduction and excretion of arsenite, a mechanism that was only present in the ‘free-living’ clade. An analysis of co-occurrence networks carried out on environmental samples and slurries also showed that Methanomassiliicoccales detected in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems were strongly associated with acetate and dihydrogen producing bacteria commonly found in digestive habitats and which have been reported to form syntrophic relationships with methanogens.
Screening of GABA-Producing Lactic Acid Bacteria from Thai Fermented Foods and Probiotic Potential of Levilactobacillus brevis F064A for GABA-Fermented Mulberry Juice Production
Authors: Kanklai Jirapat , Somwong Tasneem Chemama , Rungsirivanich Patthanasak , Thongwai Narumol
Published: December 2020

Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the inhibitory neurotransmitter, can be naturally synthesized by a group of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) which is commonly found in rich carbohydrate materials such as fruits and fermented foods. Thirty-six isolates of GABA-producing LAB were obtained from Thai fermented foods. Among these, Levilactobacillus brevis F064A isolated from Thai fermented sausage displayed high GABA content, 2.85 ± 0.10 mg/mL and could tolerate acidic pH and bile salts indicating a promising probiotic. Mulberry (Morus sp.) is widely grown in Thailand. Many mulberry fruits are left to deteriorate during the high season. To increase its value, mulberry juice was prepared and added to monosodium glutamate (MSG), 2% (w/v) prior to inoculation with 5% (v/v) of L. brevis F064A and incubated at 37 °C for 48 h to obtain the GABA-fermented mulberry juice (GABA-FMJ). The GABA-FMJ obtained had 3.31 ± 0.06 mg/mL of GABA content, 5.58 ± 0.52 mg gallic acid equivalent/mL of antioxidant activity, 234.68 ± 15.53 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside/mL of anthocyanin, an ability to inhibit growth of Bacillus cereus TISTR 687, Salmonella Typhi DMST 22842 and Shigella dysenteriae DMST 1511, and 10.54 ± 0.5 log10 colony-forming units (CFU)/mL of viable L. brevis F064A cell count. This GABA-FMJ was considered as a potential naturally functional food for human of all ages.