bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tracking Biomarkers for the Health and Welfare of Aquaculture Fish
Authors: Oliveira Joana , Oliva-Teles Aires , Couto Ana
Published: July 2024

Aquaculture production has been growing consistently over the last few decades to meet the increasing animal protein demand of the human population. However, increased production and rearing intensities raise the challenges of guaranteeing fish health and welfare, which is essential to avoid losses and ensure product quality. Biomarkers can provide insights into the fish’s nutritional, physiological, and health status, and aid in the evaluation of early nutritional and physiological imbalances, distress conditions, and pathological diagnosis. The discovery and validation of biomarkers rely mostly on the use of information provided by different parameters, including biochemical, metabolic, or immunologic, as well as several omics, from genomics and transcriptomics to proteomics and metabolomics. In this review, a summary of the main biomarkers used in aquaculture is provided along with an overview of the main omics technologies available for further biomarker research. This review also highlights the need to develop non-lethal biomarkers that can easily and quickly be measured to provide a prompt response to producers.
Mittag-Leffler Synchronization in Finite Time for Uncertain Fractional-Order Multi-Delayed Memristive Neural Networks with Time-Varying Perturbations via Information Feedback
Authors: Fan Hongguang , Chen Xijie , Shi Kaibo , Liang Yaohua , Wang Yang , Wen Hui
Published: July 2024

To construct a nonlinear fractional-order neural network reflecting the complex environment of the real world, this paper considers the common factors such as uncertainties, perturbations, and delays that affect the stability of the network system. In particular, not only does the activation function include multiple time delays, but the memristive connection weights also consider transmission delays. Stemming from the characteristics of neural networks, two different types of discontinuous controllers with state information and sign functions are devised to effectuate network synchronization objectives. Combining the finite-time convergence criterion and the theory of fractional-order calculus, Mittag-Leffler synchronization conditions for fractional-order multi-delayed memristive neural networks (FMMNNs) are derived, and the upper bound of the setting time can be confirmed. Unlike previous jobs, this article focuses on applying different inequality techniques in the synchronous analysis process, rather than comparison principles to manage the multi-delay effects. In addition, this study removes the restrictive requirement that the activation function has a zero value at the switching jumps, and the discontinuous control protocol in this paper makes the networks achieve synchronization over a finite time, with some advantages in terms of the convergence speed.
SS 433: Flares and L2 Overflow Spirals
Authors: Bowler Michael
Published: July 2024

Flaring in the SS 433 microquasar is dominated by outbursts from material at distances from the centre of mass of the binary system comparable to the separation of the two components. This note completes a demonstration that ejected plasma leaves the system in the region of the L2 point, there overflowing the outer Roche lobe and giving rise to a spiral structure as it leaves the system as part of the local environment. It also provides a new measure of the mass ratio of the binary.
Evaluation of Bioactive Functions and Quantitative Analysis of Phenolic Compounds of Glehnia littoralis from Different Regions
Authors: Yoon Nari , Lee Sullim , Choi Kyung , Ku Jajung , Lee Sanghyun
Published: July 2024

Glehnia littoralis F. (GLF), a perennial herb indigenous to the coastal areas of northern Pacific countries is widely utilized in medicine for various diseases and symptoms. The current study aimed to determine the relationship between phytochemicals and their diverse functional abilities. High-performance liquid chromatography and a photodiode array detector were used to identify chlorogenic acid (1), rutin (2), isoquercitrin (3), psoralen (4), 8-methoxy psoralen (5), and bergapten (6). 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS+)- and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH)-radical-scavenging assays were conducted. It was found that GLF from the Chungnam Province had a higher content of compounds 4–6 contents of approximately 51.29 µmoL/g, which was primarily composed of bergapten (6) (44.44 µmoL/g). Moreover, GLF from Jeju Island exhibited the strongest ABTS+- and DPPH-radical-scavenging activities, with IC50 values of 6.69 mg/mL and 10.26 mg/mL, respectively, followed by Chungnam Province and Jeonnam Province. In contrast, the radical-scavenging activities of GLF did not correlate with compounds 4–6 (furanocoumarins) and were predicted to be related to compounds 1–3. These differences in chemical composition and biological functions are consistent with differences in environmental conditions. Therefore, GLF with high amounts of flavonoid compounds such as rutin and isoquercitrin could potentially be utilized as herbal medicines; however, further research into their additional biological effects is needed.
Association of Microbiome Diversity with Disease Symptoms in Brassica oleracea Leaves
Authors: Martín-Cardoso Héctor , González-Miguel Víctor M. , Soler-López Luis , Campo Sonia , San Segundo Blanca
Published: July 2024

Cabbage (Brassica oleracea), a crop of major economic importance worldwide, is affected by numerous diseases, which are caused by a wide range of microorganisms, including fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, and viruses, which lead to important losses in yield and quality. The increasing availability of reference genomes of plant-associated microbes together with recent advances in metagenomic approaches provide new opportunities to identify microbes linked to distinct symptomatology in Brassica leaves. In this study, shotgun metagenomics was used to investigate the microbial community in leaves of B. oleracea plants from agricultural farmlands. Compared with conventional techniques based on culture-based methods, whole-genome shotgun sequencing allows the reliable identification of the microbial population inhabiting a plant tissue at the species level. Asymptomatic and symptomatic leaves showing different disease symptoms were examined. In the asymptomatic leaves, Xanthomonas species were the most abundant taxa. The relative abundance of bacterial and fungal communities varied depending on disease symptoms on the leaf. The microbiome of the leaves showing mild to severe levels of disease was enriched in bacterial populations (Sphingomonas, Methylobacterium, Paracoccus) and to a lesser degree in some fungal taxa, such as Alternaria and Colletotrichum (e.g., in leaves with high levels of necrotic lesions). Sclerotinia species were highly abundant in severely damaged leaves (S. sclerotium, S. trifolium, S. bolearis), followed by Botrytis species. The common and specific bacterial and fungal species associated to disease symptoms were identified. Finally, the analysis of the gene functions in the metagenomic data revealed enrichment in carbohydrate-active enzymes potentially involved in pathogenicity, whose distribution also varied among disease severity groups. Understanding the B. oleracea leaf microbiome in agricultural ecosystems will pave the way for the efficient management of diseases in this crop.
Evaluation of Integrated Pest and Disease Management Combinations against Major Insect Pests and Diseases of Tomato in Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Shanmugam Sankaran Pagalahalli , Murugan Marimuthu , Shanthi Mookiah , Elaiyabharathi Thiyagarajan , Angappan Kathithachalam , Karthikeyan Gandhi , Arulkumar Gopal , Manjari Palanisamy , Ravishankar Manickam , Sotelo-Cardona Paola , Oliva Ricardo , Srinivasan Ramasamy
Published: July 2024

Tomatoes are one of the predominant vegetable crops grown throughout the year in Tamil Nadu, India. Their perishable nature and resource-intensive cultivation make them susceptible to biotic stress. The damage caused by invasive insect pests, bacterial wilt during the rainy season, and viral diseases are major yield-limiting factors, and the farmers mostly depend on calendar-based insecticide applications for insect pest and disease management in tomatoes. The desired tomato hybrids grafted onto bacterial wilt-resistant eggplant rootstocks offer protection against bacterial wilt during the rainy season. The integrated pest and disease management (IPDM) practices consist of resistant grafted tomato seedlings (wild eggplant rootstocks EG 203 and TS 03), bioinoculants (Bacillus subtilis + Trichoderma asperellum + Purpureocillium lilacinum), pheromone traps (Phthorimaea absoluta and Helicoverpa armigera), botanicals (azadirachtin), microbial pesticides (Bacillus thuringiensis, Metarhizium anisopliae, and Beauveria bassiana), and bio-rationals, which were evaluated in four locations in two major tomato-growing tracts of Tamil Nadu. The results revealed that the treatment EG 203 eggplant rootstock-grafted tomato along with IPDM practices performed better across all experimental locations than the other treatment combinations viz., TS 03 eggplant rootstock-grafted tomato + IPDM, tomato + IPDM, grafted tomato + farmers’ practice and tomato + farmers’ practice. The EG 203-grafted tomato recorded a higher yield than the farmers’ practice with significantly superior biometric parameters. The treatment of EG 203-grafted tomato and IPDM practices can be adopted for safer tomato production by enabling a reduction in pesticide applications while enhancing productivity.
A Review of Available Solutions for Implementation of Small–Medium Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Systems
Authors: Dobre Cătălina , Costin Mihnea , Constantin Mihaela
Published: July 2024

The transition towards a sustainable and renewable energy future is essential to mitigate climate change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Small–medium combined heat and power (CHP) systems are increasingly popular for distributed energy generation, as they offer improved energy efficiency and reduced emissions compared to traditional power generation systems. This article reviews recent research articles related to small–medium CHP systems, including their role in renewable energy systems, use of biofuels, steam injection, diagnostics, and carbon capture. Throughout the research, the high potential of coastal regions has been observed and studied as a solid base for the later development of CHP systems. Based on the reviewed literature, the highest potential solutions are proposed to be further investigated as an efficient, economical solution for generating electricity and heat for various small-scale applications.
Simulation Model of Hydraulic System States for Ship Cranes
Authors: Jurjević Mate
Published: July 2024

The aim of this research is to devise a continuous simulation model for predicting ship crane failures to increase their reliability and reduce unplanned downtime during cargo loading and unloading operations. To predict the condition of the hydraulic system, a database from the GALIOT software package was used for carrying out maintenance on cranes at m/v “O” over a period of 120,000 working hours. In the research, fault tree analysis (FTA) was used to identify causal relationships between system failures and basic events, while the Markov mathematical model was used to model the system state and predict transitions between different failure states. A system dynamics simulation model was developed to simulate the behavior of a system using POWERSIM PowerSim Constructor 2.5.d (4002), and regression analysis was performed to analyze the simulation results and understand the relationships between dependent and independent variables. The results show that a model for predicting failures in the hydraulic motors and pumps of ship cranes was developed, and the Markov model makes it possible to estimate the frequency of transitions between states under the condition that the sum of reliability equals one. The simulation model shows high reliability of the cranes and a constant frequency of failures throughout the 120,000 operating hours, while the regression analysis confirms the validity of the simulation model and shows a strong correlation between the analyzed variables. These models are used to improve the planning of ship crane maintenance, reduce unplanned downtime, and predict and promptly detect failures, which overall minimizes maintenance costs and failures.
Dynamic Equilibrium of Protein Phosphorylation by Kinases and Phosphatases Visualized by Phos-Tag SDS-PAGE
Authors: Kinoshita-Kikuta Emiko , Nishikawa Kento , Hiraishi Kento , Shimoji Kaku , Nagase Kenichi , Kinoshita Eiji
Published: July 2024

The phosphorylation state of 20 types of intracellular proteins in the presence of the protein phosphatase 1 (PP1)- and PP2A-specific Ser/Thr phosphatase inhibitor calyculin A or the Tyr phosphatase inhibitor pervanadate was visualized by Phos-tag SDS-PAGE followed by immunoblotting. All blots showed a Phos-tag pattern indicating increased phosphorylation in the presence of one or both phosphatase inhibitors. The increase in phosphorylation stoichiometry per protein tends to be greater for Ser/Thr phosphatase inhibition than for Tyr phosphatase inhibition. This is consistent with the fact that the number of Ser/Thr kinase genes in the human genome is greater than that of Tyr kinases and with the fact that the phospho-Ser/phospho-Thr ratio in the actual human phosphoproteome is far greater than that of phospho-Tyr ratio. This suggests that cellular proteins are routinely and randomly phosphorylated by different kinases with no biological significance, simply depending on the frequency of substrate encounters. Phosphatase is responsible for routinely removing these unwanted phosphate groups systematically and maintaining the dynamic equilibrium of physiological protein phosphorylation. Phos-tag SDS-PAGE visualized that the kinase reaction involves many incidental phosphorylation and that phosphatases play broader roles besides being strict counterparts to kinases.
Effect of Polishing Systems on the Surface Roughness and Color Stability of Aged and Stained Bulk-Fill Resin Composites
Authors: Aktu Ayşem , Ulusoy Nuran
Published: July 2024

The aim of this study is to investigate how two different polishing techniques affect the color stability, surface roughness, and changes in surface morphology of aged and coffee-stained bulk-fill resin composites. A total of 112 disc-shaped samples were prepared using Omnichroma Flow Bulk (OB), Charisma Bulk Flow One (CB), Estelite Bulk Fill Flow (EB), and Estelite Sigma Quick (control). Samples were divided into two subgroups (n = 16) and aged using thermocycling. A profilometer was used to measure the surface roughness (Ra) and a spectrophotometer was used for color stability (ΔE00). The EB group had the highest Ra values both before aging (disc: 0.23 ± 0.05, twist: 0.42 ± 0.05) and after aging (discs: 0.28 ± 0.04, twist: 0.46 ± 0.05). The OB group had the highest ΔE00 values before and after aging (discs: 3.06 ± 0.54, twist 3.05 ± 0.41) and the highest after coffee-staining (discs: 3.75 ± 0.70, twist: 3.91 ± 0.57). Re-polishing reduced the ΔE00 values in all materials but did not restore all to clinically acceptable levels. According to the results of this study, it can be concluded that the surface roughness and color stability of resin composites are notably influenced by the polishing technique, aging process, and coffee staining. Specimens that were polished using the multi-stage Super-Snap discs consistently exhibited smoother surfaces across all bulk-fill resin composites compared to those polished with the two-stage Diacomp plus Twist.
High-Temperature Oxidation and Phase Stability of AlCrCoFeNi High Entropy Alloy: Insights from In Situ HT-XRD and Thermodynamic Calculations
Authors: Arshad Muhammad , Bano Saira , Amer Mohamed , Janik Vit , Hayat Qamar , Bai Mingwen
Published: July 2024

The high-temperature oxidation behaviour and phase stability of equi-atomic high entropy AlCrCoFeNi alloy (HEA) were studied using in situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction (HTXRD) combined with ThermoCalc thermodynamic calculation. HTXRD analyses reveal the formation of B2, BCC, Sigma and FCC, phases at different temperatures, with significant phase transitions observed at intermediate temperatures from 600 °C–100 °C. ThermoCalc predicted phase diagram closely matched with in situ HTXRD findings highlighting minor differences in phase transformation temperature. ThermoCalc predictions of oxides provide insights into the formation of stable oxide phases, predominantly spinel-type oxides, at high p(O2), while a lower volume of halite was predicted, and minor increase observed with increasing temperature. The oxidation behaviour was strongly dependent on the environment, with the vacuum condition favouring the formation of a thin, Al2O3 protective layer, while in atmospheric conditions a thick, double-layered oxide scale of Al2O3 and Cr2O3 formed. The formation of oxide scale was determined by selective oxidation of Al and Cr, as further confirmed by EDX analysis. The formation of thick oxide in air environment resulted in a thick layer of Al-depleted FFC phase. This comprehensive study explains the high-temperature phase stability and time–temperature-dependent oxidation mechanisms of AlCrCoFeNi HEA. The interplay between surface phase transformation beneath oxide scale and oxides is also detailed herein, contributing to further development and optimisation of HEA for high temperature applications.
Mimicry of Rhabdomyosarcoma by Tonsillar Actinomycosis: Case Report
Authors: Montenegro Palacios John Fernando , Correa Forero Shirley Vanessa , Ordoñez Andrade Gaby Alejandra , Posu Barco Jasbleidy , Melo Burbano Luis Alvaro , Liscano Yamil
Published: July 2024

Actinomycosis is a rare infectious disease characterized by slowly progressive, chronic suppurative lesions, often mistaken for malignancies due to its ability to mimic them. It is caused by Actinomyces bacteria, which are part of the normal flora of the human oropharynx, gastrointestinal, and urogenital tracts. This case report describes a 51-year-old male with a history of mandibular rhabdomyosarcoma presenting with severe shoulder and hip pain, dysphagia, and headaches, initially suspected to be a cancer recurrence. However, after further investigation, including a PET-CT and tonsillectomy, the diagnosis of actinomycosis was confirmed through histopathological examination. The case highlights the diagnostic challenges of actinomycosis, especially in patients with complex clinical histories, emphasizing the importance of considering it as a differential diagnosis in similar presentations. The patient was treated with long-term antibiotic therapy, predominantly beta-lactams, demonstrating the necessity of a comprehensive diagnostic approach and the implications of a delayed diagnosis. This case underscores the critical need for high clinical suspicion and awareness among healthcare professionals regarding the potential for actinomycosis to mimic more common diseases, ensuring timely and accurate treatment.
Hunting Metabolic Biomarkers for Exposure to Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances: A Review
Authors: Ma Xue , Cai Delei , Chen Qing , Zhu Zhoujing , Zhang Shixin , Wang Ziyu , Hu Zhengyan , Shen Haitao , Meng Zhen
Published: July 2024

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) represent a class of persistent synthetic chemicals extensively utilized across industrial and consumer sectors, raising substantial environmental and human health concerns. Epidemiological investigations have robustly linked PFAS exposure to a spectrum of adverse health outcomes. Altered metabolites stand as promising biomarkers, offering insights into the identification of specific environmental pollutants and their deleterious impacts on human health. However, elucidating metabolic alterations attributable to PFAS exposure and their ensuing health effects has remained challenging. In light of this, this review aims to elucidate potential biomarkers of PFAS exposure by presenting a comprehensive overview of recent metabolomics-based studies exploring PFAS toxicity. Details of PFAS types, sources, and human exposure patterns are provided. Furthermore, insights into PFAS-induced liver toxicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity, cardiovascular toxicity, glucose homeostasis disruption, kidney toxicity, and carcinogenesis are synthesized. Additionally, a thorough examination of studies utilizing metabolomics to delineate PFAS exposure and toxicity biomarkers across blood, liver, and urine specimens is presented. This review endeavors to advance our understanding of PFAS biomarkers regarding exposure and associated toxicological effects.
Preparation and Mechanism of Shale Inhibitor TIL-NH2 for Shale Gas Horizontal Wells
Authors: Tian Yuexin , Liu Xiangjun , Liu Yintao , Dong Haifeng , Zhang Guodong , Su Biao , Huang Jinjun
Published: July 2024

In this study, a new polyionic polymer inhibitor, TIL-NH2, was developed to address the instability of shale gas horizontal wells caused by water-based drilling fluids. The structural characteristics and inhibition effects of TIL-NH2 on mud shale were comprehensively analyzed using infrared spectroscopy, NMR spectroscopy, contact angle measurements, particle size distribution, zeta potential, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The results demonstrated that TIL-NH2 significantly enhances the thermal stability of shale, with a decomposition temperature exceeding 300 °C, indicating excellent high-temperature resistance. At a concentration of 0.9%, TIL-NH2 increased the median particle size of shale powder from 5.2871 μm to over 320 μm, effectively inhibiting hydration expansion and dispersion. The zeta potential measurements showed a reduction in the absolute value of illite’s zeta potential from −38.2 mV to 22.1 mV at 0.6% concentration, highlighting a significant decrease in surface charge density. Infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction confirmed the formation of a close adsorption layer between TIL-NH2 and the illite surface through electrostatic and hydrogen bonding, which reduced the weakly bound water content to 0.0951% and maintained layer spacing of 1.032 nm and 1.354 nm in dry and wet states, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated a marked reduction in heat loss, particularly in the strongly bound water content. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that shale powder treated with TIL-NH2 exhibited an irregular bulk shape with strong inter-particle bonding and low hydration degree. These findings suggest that TIL-NH2 effectively inhibits hydration swelling and dispersion of shale through the synergistic effects of cationic imidazole rings and primary amine groups, offering excellent temperature and salt resistance. This provides a technical foundation for the low-cost and efficient extraction of shale gas in horizontal wells.
Research and Application of Gangue for the Preparation of Polymerized Aluminum Magnesium Chloride Flocculant
Authors: Yang Chaofen , Ma Xiaofeng , Ma Gang , Zhang Lunqiu , Lu Guang , Zhang Yifan , Geng Dantong , You Xiaolong , Liu Huan , Tian Yueyao
Published: July 2024

Polymerized aluminum magnesium chloride (PAMC) flocculant was prepared from gangue as a raw material, and the effects of pH, the polymerization time, and the polymerization temperature on the performance of the PAMC were investigated by a one-factor test, based on which, orthogonal experiments (three-factor and two-level) were conducted to optimize the relevant parameters. Meanwhile, FTIR and SEM were used to characterize the polymerized aluminum magnesium chloride, and the sample was applied in printing and dyeing wastewater treatment. The results showed that a pH value of 2.2 and a reaction at 60 °C for 4.5 h were the optimal preparation conditions; the characterization analysis showed that the synthesized product was polymerized aluminum magnesium chloride; the turbidity removal rate of the PAMC for printing and dyeing wastewater was increased by 2.1%, the COD removal rate was increased by 3.1%, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate was increased by 2.1%, and the chromaticity removal rate was increased by 9.2% compared with that of PAC.
The Diagnostic Challenge of Cystic Echinococcosis in Humans: First Assessment of Underreporting Rates in Mongolia
Authors: Bold Bolor , Schindler Christian , Narankhuu Uranshagai , Shagj Agiimaa , Bavuujav Erdenebileg , Sodov Sonin , Nyamdorj Tsogbadrakh , Zinsstag Jakob
Published: July 2024

Cystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus, is significantly underreported in Mongolia due to geographical remoteness, a lack of early diagnostics, and poor clinical management. This study aimed to provide a more accurate estimate of CE in Mongolia by comparing data from surgical (reported) and diagnosed (unreported) cases and assessing the challenges faced by rural doctors in disease management and surveillance. We collected data on surgical cases hospitalized between 2006 and 2016 and newly diagnosed CE cases in 2016 from eight provinces. Using a quasi-Poisson regression model, we extrapolated the collected data to estimate the number of diagnosed cases for the entire country. Additionally, forty health professionals from all 21 provinces rated local clinical management for CE through a questionnaire. The results reveal that surgical cases (2.2 per year) represent only one-eighth of diagnosed cases (15.9 per year). The laboratory facilities, disease reporting, and cyst classification usage scored below 2. These results highlight the significant underreporting of CE in Mongolia and urge human and animal health experts, along with policymakers, to invest in combating CE, particularly in remote provincial areas. This study also emphasizes the need for standard clinical management involving cyst classification according to the WHO-IWGE and seamless integration of CE reporting and monitoring mechanisms, which can significantly contribute to the national and global burden estimation of CE.
Association between Menstruation-Related Symptoms and the Type of Stress in Japanese Female University Students: A Prospective Cohort Study from Admission to the Second Year
Authors: Matsuura Yukie , Tran Nam Hoang , Yasui Toshiyuki
Published: July 2024

Menstruation-related symptoms in young women are associated with lifestyle factors such as stress. This study aimed to examine menstrual conditions, menstruation-related symptoms, and types of stress in Japanese female students from their first to second years of university and the association between menstruation-related symptoms and stress levels. This prospective longitudinal cohort study utilized a self-reported web survey with the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ) at three timepoints (2, 8, and 14 months) following admission and continuing into the second year. Data from 33 out of 102 students, who were followed throughout the study period, were used for analysis. Results indicated a trend towards changes in menstrual regularity, with the lowest (48.5%) at timepoint 1 and the highest (72.7%) at timepoint 3, and significant changes in perceived bleeding amount. Stress related to study and academic performance was consistently highest, with significant differences across timepoints. Intra-menstrual MDQ scores were highest at timepoint 1, with significant variations in impaired concentration severity across timepoints. Significant correlations were found between the MDQ scores and stress related to health and personality at all timepoints, and to future prospects, friendships, study, and academic performance at different timepoints. In short, stress related to academic performance, along with a strong correlation between MDQ scores and specific stress types, such as health and personality, was observed across all timepoints. This implies the need to provide new students with health education regarding menstruation and stress management before specific timepoints.
Forecasting changes in oral hygiene levels using the API index with different orthodontic appliances
Authors: Fedorova K. V. , Gavrilova O. A. , Zatevalov A. M.
Published: July 2024

Relevance. The prevalence of various types of orthodontic pathology among the Russian population is quite high. Depending on the region, malocclusion are registered in 30.9% to 76.5% of cases. The high prevalence of orthodontic pathology and the unresolved issues related to both the pathology itself and the presence of concomitant diseases indicate the necessity for personalized methods of prevention and treatment of malocclusion during both the primary and mixed dentitions, which in 70-84% of cases are treated using both removable and fixed orthodontic appliances.

Materials and methods. An observational study was conducted to identify factors contributing to the increased intensity of caries among children aged 6 to 11 with orthodontic pathology. The study evaluated the characteristics of hygiene knowledge and skills, as well as the Approximal Plaque Index (API), in children using various orthodontic appliances. To assess hygiene knowledge levels, a survey was administered to two groups of children aged 6-11: those undergoing orthodontic treatment and those who visited the dental clinic for a routine check-up and were diagnosed with orthodontic pathology. The questionnaire included questions about the primary and supplementary tools and practices for daily oral hygiene, the frequency of hygiene activities, and the patients' awareness of the importance of professional oral hygiene.

Results. Factors that statistically significantly influence the level of hygiene and the Approximal Plaque Index (API) were identified. A computer program was developed to forecast the dynamics of oral hygiene levels (based on the API index) when using different orthodontic appliances. An algorithm for predicting changes in the API hygiene index was created, considering the use of orthodontic appliances, oral status, adherence to hygiene procedures, presence of harmful habits, and dietary behaviors. Negative factors significantly impacting hygiene levels include bruxism and daily consumption of sweets, while positive factors include adherence to the recommended frequency and duration of tooth brushing (at least twice a day) and the use of a medium-hard toothbrush when permanent teeth are erupting. During orthodontic treatment, additional negative factors impacting hygiene status include gingival bleeding (gingivitis), lack of lip closure, and harmful habits. The study of changes in hygiene levels over one year of treatment with various orthodontic appliances (braces, Haas appliance, SPA) showed that the fixed Haas appliance for treating dental and maxillofacial anomalies is the most favorable orthodontic design for mixed dentition.

Conclusion. Factors significantly affecting the level of oral hygiene have been identified. The dynamics of the API hygiene index with various orthodontic appliances have been established. The most favorable appliance for mixed dentition is the HAAS appliance for rapid palatal expansion.
GPs' use of video and telephone consultation - implications for physical activity promotion for older adults
Authors: Callaghan Christopher Thomas , Cunningham Conor , O'Sullivan Roger
Published: July 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic led general practitioners (GPs) to adopt video and telephone consultation (VC/TC) as part of routine practice. The potential impact on physical activity (PA) promotion and prescription for older adults, in routine practice, was unknown.

Aim

To understand how VC/TC have impacted on the routine promotion of PA to older adults in GPs consultations.

Design & Setting

A mixed method, cross-sectional study of GPs practice was conducted in Ireland and Northern Ireland in 2020.

Method

An online survey and interviews with GPs, explored awareness of PA guidelines, PA promotion during consultations to older adults (65+ years) and the impact on routine practice of moving to VC/TC during the pandemic.

Results

GPs from across the Island of Ireland agreed that PA promotion is part of routine practice. Analysis of interviews with GPs highlighted a need to develop practitioners’ knowledge of the guidelines and themes emerged around the use of VC/TC In routine practice. Positive themes highlighted that VC/TC enabled GPs to consult with a greater number of patients, thus prioritising face-to-face (FTFCs) consultations where needed. Barriers to using VC/TC included decreased visual assessments of patients FTF.

Conclusion

GPs are continuing to use VC/TC at the initial consultation stage, however the broader and longer-term implications on PA promotion with older adults are unknown.
Pemberian Edukasi dengan Media Permainan Teka-Teki Silang dan Pengetahuan Kesiapsiagaan Siswa Menghadapi Bencana Gempa Bumi dan Tsunami
Authors: Rahayuni Ni Wayan Ari , Mertha I Made , Ari Rasdini I Gusti Ayu
Published: July 2024

Indonesia is a country prone to earthquakes and tsunamis. Children are a vulnerable group affected by disasters, so the importance of disaster education for children. This study aims to determine the effect of providing education using crossword puzzle games on students' knowledge of preparedness for the earthquake and tsunami disaster at SDN 1 Subagan Karangasem in 2021. This study was a pre-experimental design with a pre post test one group. Data analysis with willcoxon test. The study was conducted from March 28, 2021 to April 26, 2021. Using a total sampling technique, the number of samples was 52 people. The inclusion criteria for the sample were fourth and fifth grade students at SDN 1 Subagan. Data was collected using a disaster preparedness questionnaire. The results showed that the knowledge of preparedness before treatment was 29 people (55.8%) in the poor category and after treatment as many as 50 people (96.2%) in the good category. disaster (sig=0,000 ; p value=0,05). Based on the results of the study, it is suggested that teachers can continue to provide disaster education on a regular basis to school students with media providing materials that are more interesting, effective, and efficient.
Model Kepercayaan Kesehatan Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe II
Authors: Widhiastuti Ni Made Ayu , Candra I Wayan
Published: July 2024

Diabetes mellitus type II is one of the health problems for the community both globally, regionally, and nationally. Most patients with type II diabetes mellitus have poor illness perception (everyone's belief about their disease and how to respond to disease). The purpose of this study was to determine the health belief model in type II diabetes mellitus patients at the Mangusada Hospital. This type of research was descriptive with a case study design using a cross-sectional approach. The sample in this study was 31 people, with apurposive sampling technique. The data analysis technique was carried out descriptively. The results of the study according to the characteristics of research subjects based on age who mostly had a good health belief model were found at the age of 41-60 years as many as 19 people (100,0 %). Based on gender, 13 people (68,4%) were found to have a good health belief model, from the highest level of education, 13 people (68,4%) were found to have a good health belief model in secondary education. Based on the most occupations found to have a good health belief model as self-employed as many as 7 people (36,8%), from the longest duration of illness found to have a good health belief model of more than 6 months chronic as many as 19 people (61,3%). The results of the study from 31 research subjects who mostly had a good health belief model were 19 people (61,3 %). It can be concluded that most of the research subjects with type II diabetes mellitus have a good health belief model.
Analisis Kepatuhan dalam Penatalaksanaan DM Tipe II Dimasa Pandemi Covid-19
Authors: Sumarni Tintin , Yulastri Yulastri , Herawati Novi , Gafar Abd
Published: July 2024

The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in Indonesia has increased significantly. Diabetes mellitus is a non-communicable disease reported to be suffered by some Covid-19 patients. DM patient non-compliance in implementing the five pillars results in an increased risk of complications, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic. The purpose of this study was to determine the adherence of type II DM patients in the management of the five pillars of DM. This study used a descriptive analytic cross sectional approach. The sampling technique was total sampling, namely type II DM sufferers who visited Posbindu in the work area of the Solok City Health Center in the last 3 months involving 65 people, the instrument used was a questionnaire with diet variables, taking medication, doing physical activity, education and controlling blood sugar. The results showed that medication adherence, diet, education and blood sugar control had a significant relationship with blood sugar levels with a p value of less than 0.05. It turned out that what was most dominantly related to blood sugar levels was the regularity of taking medication with (p value 0,002) OR= 72,500. This non-compliance is because the client perceives that blood sugar that is not normal means that he has recovered from DM. It is hoped that diabetes mellitus clients can understand the importance of implementing DM management. There is a policy from the Health Service involving family members to care for, so that the five pillars of management of DM can be implemented properly, so that DM patients can live a life without complications.
Analisis Perbedaan Usia Ibu Hamil dan Tingkat Kepatuhan Konsumsi Tablet Ferrum (Fe) pada Ibu Hamil yang Anemia dan Tidak Anemia
Authors: Triandini Ni Komang Yulita , Suratiah Suratiah , Runiari Nengah , Hartati Ni Nyoman
Published: July 2024

Anemia experienced by pregnant women will hurt the mother during pregnancy until the postpartum period and also the fetus.The highest incidence of anemia in pregnant women in Badung Regency is occupied by the South Kuta Health Center with a percentage of 27.0%. This study aims to determine differences in the age of pregnant women and the level of compliance with the consumption of Fe tablets in pregnant women who are anemic at the South Kuta Health Center in 2023. This research uses a case control design. The sample selection used a purposive sampling technique, namely 88 respondents who were divided into 2 groups, 44 respondents in the group of anemic mothers and 44 respondents in the groups of non-anemics mothers. The data collection tool is the MMAS-8 questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the Chi-Square test, with the results of the study showingthat there was a difference in age between pregnant women who were anemic and who were not anemic, obtaining a p value = 0.007 (p 0.05) with an Odds Ratio value of 11.057. In the variable level of compliance with the consumption of Fe tablets, the p value = 0.000 can be concluded that there is a difference in the level of compliance with the consumption of Fe tablets in pregnant women who are anemic and who are not anemic with an Odds Ratio value of 0.022. In this study it can be concluded that there are differences in the age of pregnant women and the level of compliance with the consumption of Fe tablets in pregnant women who are anemic and who are not anemic.
Г. С. СКОВОРОДА ПРО ЖИТТЄВІ ЦІННОСТІ
Authors: Білик В. М. , Цапко А. М.
Published: July 2024

Впродовж багатьох років спадщина Г. С. Сковороди не втрачає своєї актуальності, не перестає привертати увагу численних науковців, громадських діячів, освітян, надалі залишається невичерпним джерелом удосконалення педагогічної теорії і практики у різні періоди розвитку українського суспільства. На етапі соціальних трансформацій в Україні філософські й педагогічні твори Г. Сковороди відкривають у контексті сучасних викликів демократичні, гуманістичні ідеї освіти, навчання й виховання молоді. Ключові ідеї, які покладено в основу Нової української школи, знаходять свою схожість і серед педагогічного доробку філософа (спрямованість на потреби учня, яка базується на формуванні компетентностей, необхідних для успішної самореалізації молодої людини в суспільстві; наскрізний процес виховання; умотивований вчитель, «педагогіка партнерства» тощо).

Мета статті – проаналізувати та представити погляди Г.С. Сковороди на життєві цінності, які можуть сприяти впровадженню морально-світоглядних принципів його педагогіки в сучасний освітній процес України.

У роботі виділено поради філософа щодо формування особистості «істинної», вільної людини, що має бути різнобічно розвиненою, щасливою, корисною для суспільства («щастя людини не у багатстві, здоров’ї, а у гармонії душі»; «людина має володіти високою гідністю, не плазувати ні перед ким, не ставати на коліна, дбати як про тіло, так і душу, і тільки так можна стати щасливим»; «лише завдяки самопізнанню, освіті, науці, вільній і корисній праці, якою займатися відповідно «натурі», можна стати щасливою людиною»).

У статті також відзначено, що Г. Сковорода цінував гармонію між людиною та природою, вважаючи, що природний світ є джерелом натхнення та духовного зростання. Він закликав людей до простого життя, вільного від надмірностей та марнотратства. Його вчення про дружбу також становить важливу частину його філософії. Сковорода наголошував на глибокому значенні істинної дружби, яка ґрунтується на спільних інтересах та духовній близькості.

Отже, життєві цінності Г.С. Сковороди зосереджуються навколо ідеї сродної праці, внутрішньої свободи, гармонії з природою та цінності істинної дружби. Ці концепції надають людині можливість досягти щастя та повноти життя
КОМПОНЕНТНО-СТРУКТУРНИЙ АНАЛІЗ МУЛЬТИКУЛЬТУРНОЇ І СОЦІАЛЬНОЇ ТОЛЕРАНТНОСТІ ПСИХОЛОГА
Authors: Норенко І. Ю.
Published: July 2024

Актуальність дослідження зумовлена теоретичною та практичною значущістю й недостатньою розробкою у науковому дискурсі проблеми мультикультурної і соціальної толерантності психолога.

Мета статі – дослідити наукові розвідки з проблем соціальної компетентності, толерантності, мультикультурної компетентності особистості. Структурувати елементи мультикультурної і соціальної толерантності психолога.

Використано комплекс загальнонаукових методів дослідження (аналіз, синтез, узагальнення, порівняння, класифікація наукових джерел), що уможливило висвітлення особливостей представлення змісту і структури соціальної і мультикультурної компетентності особистості та її толерантності й надало можливість визначити структуру мультикультурної і соціальної толерантності психолога.

З’ясовано, що мультикультурна і соціальна толерантність – як особистісне утворення, професійно необхідне психологові, має дотичні змістові елементи із іншими особистісними утвореннями, спорідненими за змістом: соціальною компетентністю, особистісною і комунікативною толерантністю.

У визначенні структурних компонентів мультикультурної і соціальної толерантності психолога уваги надали трьом аспектам, актуалізація яких має результувати загальний алгоритм сформованості означеного утворення: актуалізації змісту означених понять в аспекті їхньої важливості для діяльності психолога, з огляду на що необхідності набуває звернення до наукових праць, у яких представлено зміст діяльності психолога в аспекті вирішення ним професійних завдань роботи з інтолерантністю клієнтів або з виявленнями інтолерантності у групах; виокремлення способів, методів, прийомів виявлення мультикультурної і соціальної толерантності психолога у фаховій діяльності з огляду на її конкретно означену мету; особистісні якості психолога, сформованість яких дозволятиме йому бути успішним у виявленні мультикультурної і соціальної толерантності.

З огляду на означене визначили структуру мультикультурної і соціальної толерантності психолога як знаннєвий, діяльнісний та особистісний компоненти. Елементами знаннєвого компонента означено знання про види інтолерантності (расизм, етноцентризм, фашизм, націоналізм, ксенофобія); про особистісні властивості особистості, схильної до інтолерантності: емоційна нестабільність, агресивність, активність у пропагуванні особистісно-значущої цінності; про культурні відмінності й соціальний склад робочого середовища; а також медіаграмотність психолога. Діяльнісний компонент містить елементи: володіння способами протидії різних виявлень інтолерантності; сформованість умінь протидії агресії; здатність протидіяти стереотипному сприйняттю дійсності; комунікативну переконливість (технічність паравербальних засобів, уміння проводити комунікативні атаки), а також соціальну компетентність. У межах особистісного компоненту означаємо сформованість якостей терпимості, емоційного інтелекту, адаптивності, емпатійності.
Döner Kanat IHA Modellenmesi ve Denetimi: Bir Kontrol Tasarım Uygulaması
Authors: Duymaz Erol , Oğuz Abdullah Ersan
Published: July 2024

İnsansız Hava Araçlarının (İHA) kullanımı konusunda son yıllarda çok büyük gelişmeler kaydedilmiş olup İHA'ları artık yalnız askeri ve endüstriyel uygulamalarda değil eğitimden lojistiğe oradan görsel sanatlara kadar her alanda görmek mümkündür. Öte yandan ülkemizde genel olarak mühendislik fakültelerinde elektrik-elektronik, mekatronik, kontrol mühendisliği bölümlerinde kontrol teorisi uygulamaları için deneysel platform sorunları zaman zaman göze çarpmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, lisans eğitimlerinde kontrol tasarımı uygulaması için bir İHA modellemesi ve denetimi yaklaşımı önerilmiştir. İHA modellemesi benzetim ortamında gerçekleştirilmiş, PD (Oransal-Türevsel) kontrol uygulaması ise benzetim ortamı ve örnek bir platform üzerinden gerçekleştirilmiştir. Teorik tartışmalardan sonra önerilen İHA sistem denetiminin hem benzetim ortamlarında hem de deneysel ortamlarda düşük maliyetli bir kontrol tasarım uygulama aracı olarak kullanılmasının mümkün olduğu görülmüştür.
Technopreneurship in Pro-Environmental Behavior for Sustainable Carbon Emission Reduction in Central Kalimantan
Authors: Andhella Sylviana , Djajadikerta Hamfri , Marjuka Martinus Yuwana
Published: July 2024

This study examines the integration of technopreneurship with pro-environmental behavior to achieve sustainable carbon emission reduction in Central Kalimantan. Focusing on the Dayak-Banjar communities, the research aims to develop a model that leverages local wisdom and technopreneurial activities to promote environmental conservation. The methodology includes qualitative research through interviews and questionnaires distributed in Baung, Muara Dua, and Kuala Pembuang villages. Findings reveal that local communities, deeply affected by environmental degradation, are willing to adopt pro-environmental behaviors. Key factors influencing this change include attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and knowledge. The study highlights the potential of technopreneurship in promoting sustainable practices and provides a foundation for designing policies that support pro-environmental behavior through technopreneurship. By fostering pro-environmental behavior within local communities, this research demonstrates that it is possible to balance ecological conservation with economic growth, aligning with SDG 13, SDG 15, and SDG 8.