bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ethnobotanical knowledge about herbals used by tribes of Kerala and Tamil Nadu with special reference to Begonia malabarica Lam.
Authors: J M Aswathy , K Murugan
Published: March 2018

Plant based traditional knowledge has become a valuable tool in the search for new bio resources of drugs and neutraceuticals. During the last few decades various Government agencies, NGOs and pharmaceutical companies have carried immense screening in search of novel molecules. The present report deals with the traditional knowledge of tribes residing in different parts of Kerala and Tamil Nadu with special reference to wild specie viz. Begonia malabarica Lam. In the present study, traditional uses of species shared by the different tribes of Tamil Nadu such as Malasar, Kanikkars, Paliyan and Irula are enumerated in this paper. They use the species/its parts or their suitable crude preparations for treating various ailments. The information reveals the potentiality of the plant in terms of curing wounds, skin diseases, hair loss, muscle pain, diabetes, rheumatism, stomach ulcer and fever. Interestingly, the aqueous extract was used for most of the treatments. The crude extract was biochemically analyzed qualitatively and quantified and confirmed as anthocyanin pigments. The traditional indigenous knowledge based system particularly associated with extraction and processing of natural dyes from plants is ancient process. They have traditionally been engaged in extraction, processing and preparation of dyes using barks, leaves, fruits and roots of plant. Further studies are designed in extraction, purification and fractionation of anthocyanin from B. malabarica and to evaluate its biological potentialities.
Kosovo Political Party Attitudes Towards European Integration
Authors: Arifi Dritero , Nuhiu Fjolle
Published: March 2018

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Literary Chronicles of the Qajars’ Epoch
Authors: Jafarzade Gulnar Aqiq
Published: March 2018

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Regional Disparities of the Social Innovation Potential in the Visegrad Countries: Causes and Consequences
Authors: Kocziszky György
Published: March 2018

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Strengthening the Services in Early Childhood Development in the Roma Communities
Authors: Tasevska Alma
Published: March 2018

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Artificial Intelligence Recognizes β-Lapachone as an Allosteric 5- Lipoxygenase Inhibitor
Authors: Bernardes Gonçalo , Rodrigues Tiago , Werner Markus , Roth Jakob , da Cruz Eduardo H. G. , Marques Marta C. , Lobo Susana A. , Koeberle Andreas , Corzana Francisco , N. da Silva Júnior Eufrânio , Werz Oliver
Published: March 2018

Chemical matter with often-discarded moieties entails opportunities for drug discovery. Relying on orthogonal ligand-centric machine learning methods, targets were consensually identified as potential counterparts for the fragment-like natural product β-lapachone. Resorting to a comprehensive range of biophysical and biochemical assays, the natural product was validated as a potent, ligand efficient, allosteric and reversible modulator of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO). Moreover, we provide a rationale for 5-LO-inhibiting chemotypes inspired in the β-lapachone scaffold through a focused analogue library. This work demonstrates the power of artificial intelligence technologies to deconvolute complex phenotypic readouts of clinically relevant chemical matter, leverage natural product-based drug discovery, as an alternative and/or complement to chemoproteomics and as a viable approach for systems pharmacology studies.
Lactobacillus Species Detected by 16S rRNA Gene Sequence Isolated from the vaginae of Pregnant Women and its relation to preterm labor
Authors: Nasir Shaimaa Abdulamer , Mohammed Balsam Kahtan , G.J. Alabsi Sameera
Published: March 2018

Preterm labor is a common and serious obstetric complication that is believed to be multifactorial. Lactobacilli vaginal colonization is proposed as a protective agent against preterm delivery and that women with bacterial vaginosis, with altered vaginal flora in favor of lactobacilli species absence, is a risk factor for increased incidence of preterm labor; however enough controversy is present in available published literature. This study was aimed to evaluate the association between vaginal bacterial composition and the rate of preterm labor in pregnant women. Vaginal swabs form a total of 250 pregnant women were obtained and assessed using the V2-V3 region of the 16S rRNA sequences for an estimation of lactobacilli colonization. These women were followed up for the outcome of pregnancy. Women with predominantly lactobacilli species were significantly less liable for preterm labor than those women who lack lactobacilli species in their vaginal samples, 10.4% versus 64.2% (P<0.001). To evaluate the risk of preterm labor associated with non-lactobacilli bacterial colonization, Odds ratio was estimated and it was 15.39 (95% confidence interval of 7.91- 29.95). This study concluded that the risk of preterm labor is significantly increased with bacterial vaginosis in favor of alteration of vaginal flora with deficient lactobacilli species.

Keywords: Lactobacillus; Preterm labor; Gene Sequence
Editor's Welcome
Authors: De Guzman Florecita
Published: March 2018

Warmest welcome to our dear colleagues!We reintroduce you to KIMIKA, the Philippine journal for the chemical sciences. KIMIKA has taken a new look, and has reworked its focus to better reflect the research, industrial and academic efforts of chemistry practitioners in the country. We have expanded KIMIKA’s scope to include papers dealing with primary research results, scientific reviews, rapid communications, innovations in teaching, technical commentaries, instructional materials, novel laboratory experiments, industry trends, and policy papers. In succeeding issues, we also plan to have a section that features outstanding undergraduate research efforts.KIMIKA is now published by the Philippine Federation of Chemical Societies, and we hope that our expanded coverage will draw a wider base of readers and contributors of publishable material. To save printing costs and better manage our financial limitations, we have done away with paper copies and have adopted the open source, on-line format. A happy consequence of this is that submissions can be emailed anytime. Papers received will be subjected to peer review, and if accepted, will be copy-edited and uploaded immediately for on-line publication.We invite you to publish your work in KIMIKA. Rest assured that all papers published in KIMIKA are subjected to a peer review process that ensures the quality of published work.May we also take this opportunity to invite you to our workshop on scientific writing during the 28th Philippine Chemistry Congress in 2013?
MLR-Based QSAR Models for Predicting Inhibitory Activity of Reverse Transcriptase by HEPT Derivatives using GETAWAY Descriptors
Authors: Tardaguila Alex A. , Sy Jennifer C. , Omañada Marielyn R. , Punzalan Eric R.
Published: March 2018

In this study, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models for non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors based on 1-[(2-hydroxyethoxy)-methyl]-6-(phenylthio)thymine (HEPT) derivatives were generated. The structures of the compounds and their activities were obtained from the literature. The data set were divided into two sets: training set (N=91) and validating set (N=10). All 3-D structures of these inhibitors were optimized by semi-empirical method, AM1 prior to calculations of 3-D molecular descriptors, GETAWAY. Multiple linear regression (MLR) using stepwise method was applied to determined significant descriptors. Out of 197 GETAWAY descriptors, 4-14 molecular descriptors have significant relationships with the activities (expressed as log (1/EC50)) of HEPT. The MLR method generated 14 models. The predictive power of these models were evaluated internally by applying the following statistical parameters for the training set and test set: root-mean-square error for prediction (RMSE), correlation coefficient (R), squared correlation coefficient (R2), adjusted squared correlation coefficient (R2adj), difference between R2 and R2adj (R2 – R2adj), squared cross-validation correlation coefficient (Q2). External validation was performed by employing Golbraikh and Tropsha criteria. Moreover, residual analysis was performed. Internal validation of Model XX (N = 91) revealed that it has the highest predictive power (RMSE = 0.4288, R = 0.9393, R2 = 0.882, R2adj = 0.8620, R2 - R2adj = 0.0203, Q2 = 0.8317). However, external validation (using the validating set, N=10) showed that Model XII has the highest predictive power (R2 = 0.961, R20 = 0.9565, k = 0.8648, k’ = 0.9800, [R2 - R20] = 0.0066, [R2 - R20] /R2 = 0.0069, R2pred = 0.9481) based on Golbraikh and Tropsha criteria. Residual analysis confirmed that both models are valid.
Bioconcentration of Copper in Cyperus alternifolius L. (Umbrella Plant) in Butuanon River
Authors: Ronquillo Charmine I. , Adarna Leonila N. , Castañares Josephine M.
Published: March 2018

Four sites along the Butuanon River were identified based on the presence of Cyperus alternifolius L. Composite samples of water, sediments and roots of C. alternifolius L. from each site were taken for two seasons and analyzed for copper by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS). For the dry season, copper in water, sediments and roots of C. alternifolius L. ranged from 0.007-0.016, 101.3-140.7 and 27.36 - 69.17 ppm respectively. For the wet season, copper in water, sediments and roots ranged from 0.011-0.033, 77.23-96.93 and 27.22-54.18 ppm. Pearson’s r between copper in the roots of C. alternifolius L. and water are 0.86 and 0.82 while for sediments are 0.83 and 0.86 respectively. Bioconcentration factor (BCF = Curoots /Cuwater ) during the dry and wet seasons ranged from 1750-9881 and 1441-2391 respectively. BCF relative to sediments ranged from 0.258-0.640 and 0.281-0.702 for dry and wet seasons, respectively. C. alternifolius L. has the capacity to accumulate certain amounts of copper in its roots to levels exceeding those amounts present in water but not in the sediment. C. alternifolius L. has the potential as indicator of copper pollution in the water and sediment.
Fluorescent Property of Gamma-irradiated Silver/ Poly(acrylic acid) Nanocomposites
Authors: Usman Ken Aldren S. , Rosales Alvaro V. , Payawan Leon M.
Published: March 2018

Please download the paper to view the abstract.
Recent Advances in Theoretical and Physical Aspects of NMR Chemical Shifts
Authors: De Dios Angel C. , Jameson Cynthia Juan
Published: March 2018

In the first part of this review, theoretical aspects of nuclear magnetic shielding include (a) general theory, for example, newly developed approaches in relativistic theory of nuclear shielding, the relation between the spin-rotation tensor and shielding in relativistic theory, ab initio methods for treating open shell systems and a complete theory of chemical shifts in paramagnetic systems, the link between the definitions of the elusive concepts aromaticity and anti-aromaticity and the magnetic properties: the magnetizability tensor and the nuclear magnetic shielding tensor via delocalized electron currents and electron current maps, (b) ab initio and DFT calculations, both relativistic and non-relativistic, for various nuclei in various molecular systems using various levels of theoretical treatment. Physical aspects include (a) anisotropy of the shielding tensor, usually from solid state measurements, and calculations to support these, (b) shielding surfaces and rovibrational averaging, paying special attention to the sensitive relationship between shielding and bond angles or torsion angles that makes shielding such a powerful tool for structural/conformational determination in macromolecules, (c) chemical shifts that arise from isotopic substitution of NMR nucleus or neighboring nuclei, (d) intermolecular effects on nuclear shielding, and (e) absolute shielding scales.
Soy-Based Polyols and Polyurethanes
Authors: Lubguban Arnold A. , Ruda Rosal Jane G. , Aquiatan Rae Homer , Paclijan Shierlyn , Magadan Kriztine O. , Balangao Jeffrey Ken B. , Escalera Suzette T. , Bayron Roland R. , Debalucos Bobby , Lubguban Alona A. , Hsieh Fu-Hung , Suppes Galen J.
Published: March 2018

Polymers derived from plant oils have attracted major commercial interest and signiﬁcant attention in scientiﬁc research because of the availability, biodegradability, and unique properties of triglycerides. Triglycerides rich in unsaturated fatty acids, such as soybean oil (SBO), are particularly susceptible to chemical modiﬁcation for desired polymeric materials. Soy-based polyols are important industrial prepolymeric materials that use renewable resources; and can be produced or derived through different processing routes. This review paper discusses previous and recent researches about chemical and biochemical polymerization processes to produce soy-based polyols as prepolymers for the production of polyurethane materials in the form of foams (rigid or flexible) and elastomers. The central goal of these research fields is to find effective reaction routes to increase both equivalent weight and hydroxyl functionality of soy-based polyols while taking into consideration the simplicity and economics of these processes.
The NAD+/NADH Redox Couple—Insights from the Perspective of Electrochemical Energy Transformation and Biomimetic Chemistry
Authors: Reyes Ronald L. , Tanaka Koji
Published: March 2018

The constructions of various photochemical systems and catalysts have become a common theme in the realm of metal-catalyzed energy transformation. The biologically important redox couple β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)/1,4,β-dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) provides a reversible prototype system for the conversion of electrical to chemical energy via the reversible formation of a C–H bond centered on the nicotinamide ring representing an efficient system for numerous biological hydrogen-transfer reactions. In this short review, the first part emphasizes the need to construct operational system for the catalytic transformation of energy from viable sources due to the globally increasing demand in energy consumption. This is followed by a discussion on the redox chemistry of the NAD+/NADH reversible redox process centered on the nicotinamide ring as a representative chemical system enabling the efficient transformation of energy. Next, pioneering examples of NAD+/NADH mimics providing model systems that can perform non-enzymatic reactions based on the hydrogen (hydride) transfer ability of the model compounds are outlined. And lastly, several examples of ruthenium polypyridyl complexes having NAD+/NADH analogous ligands exhibiting excellent photo- and electrochemical properties similar to the NAD+/NADH redox couple are given. This is to demonstrate the importance of biomimetic chemistry in realizing novel strategies in the development of catalytic systems that can provide solutions in the alleviation or eradication of the world’s energy problems.
Orientación emprendedora y resultado empresarial: implicaciones de los factores relaciónales
Authors: García-Valverde Pedro M. , Ruiz-Ortega María José , Parra-Requena Gloria , Rodrigo-Alarcón Job
Published: March 2018

La literatura previa nos indica la necesidad de abordar la complejidad y la ambigüedad de la relación entre la orientación emprendedora y los resultados empresariales. En este trabajo, analizamos esta relación desde un enfoque contingente, profundizando en la interacción entre la orientación emprendedora y determinados factores relacionales –interacción social de la red de relaciones y la capacidad de absorción de conocimiento– con el objetivo de explicar el resultado de la organización. El estudio empírico ha sido realizado en una muestra de empresas de la industria agroalimentaria en España. Los resultados del trabajo nos han permitido demostrar cómo los factores relacionales analizados tienen una influencia divergente sobre la relación entre la orientación emprendedora y los resultados. Así, mientras la capacidad de absorción mejora la efectividad de la orientación emprendedora, una mayor interacción social reduce su efecto sobre los resultados.
Emprendimiento y creación de empresas: una perspectiva de estudiantes universitarios
Authors: Fernández Arias María Jesús , Fernández-Jardon Carlos M.
Published: March 2018

Las actitudes y características personales de los emprendedores condicionan el tipo de emprendimiento que, a su vez, puede condicionar el éxito futuro de la empresa creada. Sobre esas actitudes y características se puede influir con diversas actuaciones que potencien el emprendimiento, siempre y cuando se ajusten previamente al perfil del sujeto sobre el que se actúa para obtener los resultados deseados. Este trabajo busca detectar los diferentes perfiles de los potenciales emprendedores, clasificarlos tanto por su actitud ante la creación de empresas como por sus características innovadoras, determinando los factores endógenos y exógenos que motivan sus comportamientos y que condicionarán el modo de actuar de todas aquellas instituciones que pretenden fomentar el espíritu emprendedor y la creación de tejido empresarial. Para ello, se realizó una encuesta sobre características personales y valoración del entorno a estudiantes de Administración y Dirección de empresas, entendiendo que en un futuro próximo van a estar en el mercado laboral, estableciendo o asesorando los emprendimientos, por lo que sus características probablemente indiquen muchas de las tendencias futuras.
E 2.0 User Manual
Authors: Schulz Stephan
Published: March 2018

E is an equational theorem prover for full first-order logic, based
on superposition and rewriting. In this preliminary manual we first
give a short introduction for impatient new users, and then cover
calculus and proof procedure. The manual covers proof search control
and related options, followed by input and output formats. Finally,
it describes some additional tools that are part of the E
distribution.
On the Manufacturing of a Gas Turbine Engine Part through Metal Spinning Process
Authors: El Hassanin Andrea , Astarita Antonello , Scherillo Fabio , Squillace Antonino , Velotti Carla , Liguori Aurelio
Published: March 2018

Metal spinning is one of the oldest sheet metal forming processes, which involves a simple tooling and a spinning lathe, whatever manual or computer numerical controlled. However, for its high flexibility and the possibility to produce thin wall sectioned near net shape parts in a very cheap way, sometimes with high complexity geometries, could be revived as an interesting alternative in many applications fields such as automotive and aerospace, whereas other sheet forming processes like deep drawing does not match costs requirements for little dimension production batches. In this work, the production of a flame tube head sector prototype using an AISI 304L stainless steel is proposed, in order to evaluate the process feasibility for the required part geometry. The prototype production was carried out using a two-stage semiautomatic spinning process, starting from a 1mm thick sheet. No preheating of the sheet was adopted to enhance its ductility. The process effects in terms of wall thickness reduction, and hence in cold working, were investigated. Using optical microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) techniques, the microstructural behavior of the metal subjected to the forming process was investigated, while for an evaluation of the hardness variation Vickers micro-indentation tests were performed. The main result of the process, as observed from all the investigation techniques adopted, is the formation of strain induced martensite, due to the severe plastic deformation and cold reduction of the material, ranging in this case from 30% to 50%. In some areas of the part section, some rips indicating an excessive tensile stress were also detected.
Optimalisasi Beaufort Cipher Menggunakan Pembangkit Kunci RC4 Dalam Penyandian SMS
Authors: Diana Mia , Zebua Taronisokhi
Published: March 2018

The key in the cryptography algorithm is a very important role in the process of encryption and decryption. The more random key numbers are used, the more random the ciphers are generated. The RC4 algorithm and the Beaufort cipher are algorithms of cryptographic techniques. The RC4 algorithm has advantages in generating random keys, whereas Beaufort ciphers have a disadvantage in terms of the number of keys used too much. This research describes how to optimize key formation in Beaufort algorithm by utilizing the key generation process on the RC4 algorithm which is implemented on encoding SMS which until now has not been point-to-point (not directly sent to destination). The results of this study provide convenience for users in the process of generating encryption and decryption keys and generate SMS cipher more random and difficult to understand by others.
Implementasi Algoritma Data Encryption Standard Pada Penyandian Record Database
Authors: Yanti Neti Rusri , Alimah Alimah , Ritonga Desi Afrida
Published: March 2018

Record databases are generally still often displayed in text form as information for users, so it can facilitate cryptanalyst to access and provide opportunities to do the leak, distribute or modify the database records. One of the cryptographic algorithms used to secure data is using the DES algorithm to encrypt the data to be stored or sent. The DES algorithm belongs to a cryptographic system of symmetry and is a type of block cipher. DES operates on a 64-bit block size. DES describes 64 bits of plaintext to 64 bits of ciphertext using 56 bits of internal key (internal key) or up-key (subkey). The internal key is generated from an external key 64-bit length. This research describes the process of securing database records by encrypting it based on DES algorithm, resulting in text record databases in the form of passwords that are difficult to understand and understand by others. This is done in an attempt to minimize the misuse of database records.
Penerapan Algoritma Skipjack Untuk Menyandikan Short Message Service
Authors: Sinaga Nurainun , Aini Syarifah , Gulo Bezatulo
Published: March 2018

The security and confidentiality of Short Message Service (SMS) is very important for senders and recipients of messages. Generally, SMS is displayed in plain text form which can make it easy for the cryptanalyst to skipjack the message to be distributed. SMS security can be done by encrypting it based on one of the cryptographic algorithms in order to maintain the authenticity and security of messages and can make it difficult for others to know the original meaning of the SMS. Skipjack algorithm is one of cryptography algorithm that can be used for SMS encoding. The Skipjack algorithm is an electronic 64-bit codebook algorithm that converts 64-bit blocks into 64-bit blocks of output. The parameter used for encryption is 80-bit key and has 32 rounds of the encryption process and description. This study describes how SMS text encoding based on skipjack algorithm with the purpose of distributed SMS can be guaranteed to be safe and avoid misuse.
TEACHING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE FOR GENERAL PURPOSES TO STUDENTS OF NON-LINGUISTIC FACULTIES: SPECIFICITY, PROBLEMS, SOLUTIONS
Authors: Lushnikova Irina Ivanovna
Published: March 2018

The article considers the specificity of teaching a foreign language for general purposes to students of non-linguistic faculties. The author marks the features of the academic discipline, motivational, psychological, age-related and didactic aspects of teaching. The paper singles out the most frequent problems, arising in the process of teaching a foreign language, and marks possible solutions.
Синтез и нейротропная активность новых 7-циклогексил-6,7,8,9-тетрагидро-3H-пиразоло[3,4-c]-2,7-нафтиридин-1,5-диаминов
Authors: Сираканян Самвел Н. , Акопян Э. К. , Никогосян А. Г. , Пароникян Р. Г. , Джагацпанян И. А. , Назарян И. М. , Акопян А. Г. , Овакимян А. А.
Published: March 2018

Разработан метод синтеза новой трициклической гетероциклической системы: 7-циклогексил-6,7,8,9-тетрагидро-3H-пиразоло[3,4-c]-2,7-нафтиридин-1,5-диаминов на основе 1,3-дихлор-7-циклогексил-5,6,7,8-тетрагидро-2,7-нафтиридин-4-карбонитрила. Исследование биологической активности синтезированных соединений показало, что некоторые из них проявляют выраженные нейротропные свойства.
SISTEM PENGENDALI JARAK JAUH PADA ALAT PENGATUR INTENSITAS CAHAYA LAMPU PIJAR
Authors: Sholihuddin Ahmad
Published: March 2018

Pada penelitian kali ini membuat alat yang dirancang secara khusus dan merupakan paduandari beberapa rangkaian elektronika yang terdiri dari rangkaian Catu daya, rangkaian pemancarInframerah, rangkaian penerima inframerah, rangkaian digital, rangkaian driver relay danrangkaian dimmer.Dalam pembuatan alat pengendali secara otomatis dilakukan pengaturanintensitas cahaya pada lampu pijar dengan mengendalikan arus yang akan dikendalikan denganmemberikan nilai tahanan tertentu. Pengaturan intensitas cahaya pada lampu pijar inimenggunakan sistem digital dengan kendali jarak jauh (remote control). Bila pada rangkaiandimmer pengaturan dilakukan secara manual dengan merubah nilai tahanan padapotensiometer. Pada perancangan ini tahanan yang diberikan sudah ditentukan dari 470KΩsampai 56KΩ, tiap perubahan tahanan akan merubah terang redup intensitas cahaya padalampu pijar. Hasil dari kerja alat pengatur intensitas cahaya ini memberikan 10 tahapan nilaitahanan yang mengatur terang redup cahaya lampu pijar dengan cacahan naik, hasil cacahandapat dilihat pada tampilan tujuh ruas (seven segmen) penunjukkan nilai awal mulai dari angka0 (nol) sampai 9 (sembilan). Jika dicacah terus maka akan kembali kekondisi awal 0 (nol).
UPAYA PENINGKATAN HASIL BELAJAR SISWA PADA MATA PELAJARAN SOSIOLOGI DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF GROUP INVESTIGATION
Authors: Ismanita Ismanita
Published: March 2018

Siswa SMA Negeri 1 Bangkinang pada kondisi di lapangan, menunjukkan hasil belajar sosiologinya rendah. Hal ini dilihat dari ketuntasan hasil belajar siswa kelas XI IPS 2 yang hanya 40% siswa yang tuntas KKM dari jumlah siswa 25 orang. Hasil ini berdasarkan analisa ulangan harian yang telah dilakukan. Secara umum siswa tersebut selama pembelajaran sosiologi ini mengalami kesulitan dalam belajar sosiologi khususnya dalam menganalisa dan menyimpulkan suatu permasalahan dalam pembelajaran sosiologi tersebut. Disamping itu  siswa juga kurang aktif ketika belajar, karena dalam strategi pembelajaran yang masih bersifat tradisional (ceramah saja) sering membuat siswa kurang berminat belajar sosiologi. Untuk mendapatkan solusi dari permasalahan ini maka dilakukan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran kooperatif Group Investigation dalam pembelajaran struktur social dan konflik social.Penelitian tindakan kelas ini dilakukan 2 siklus pembelajaran masing-masing siklus terdiri dari atas 4 langkah yaitu: (1) Perencanaan, (2) Tindakan, (3) Observasi, (4). Refleksi. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas XI IPS 2 SMAN 1 Bangkinang.Hasil penelitiab menunjukkan terjadi peningkatan hasil belajar siswa melalui pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Group Investigation (GI). Peningkatan hasil belajar sosiologi ditandai dengan peningkatan daya serap dan ketubtasan belajar sosiologi
MANFAAT GURU TAMU UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR KELAS XI TEKNIK SEPEDA MOTOR SMK YPTN BANGKINANG KOTA
Authors: Firdaus Firdaus
Published: March 2018

Firdaus.2015. manfaat guru tamu untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar pada mata pelajaran memperbaiki system bahan bakar bensin kelas XI teknik sepeda motor smk yptn bangkinang. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan manfaat bagi siswa belajar dengan mendatangkan guru tamu dari dunia usaha/dunia industry (DU/DI) antara lain: (1) Perbedaan kesungguhan siswa dalam hal ketetapan siswa untuk hadir di bengkel praktek saat jam praktek  ketika  belajar bersama guru  tamu dengan dan tanpa guru tamu. (2) perbedaan keseriusan siswa dalam menggunakan pakaian praktek saat melakukan praktek dengan guru tamu dan praktek tanpa guru tamu.(3) perbedaan hasil belajar bersama guru tamu dengan bukan guru tamu.Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas XI jurusan teknik sepeda motor smk yptn bangkinang. Di selenggarakan pada semester 2 TP 2014/2015.Hasil dari data menunjukkan bahwa semua komponen yang di teliti mengalami peningkatan setelah di lakukan pengamatan pada siklus 1 dan siklus 2. Artinya pemanfaatan guru tamu untuk pelajaran praktek di smk yptn bangkinang dapat memberikan hasil positif bagi para siswa.
Ergen Bireyselleşme ve Ayrılmasının Tüketici Risk Algısı Üzerine Etkisi
Authors: KARATAŞ YÜCEL Ezgi , YÜCEL Engin
Published: March 2018

Günlük yaşantısında sayısız satın alım yapan
tüketiciler, karar verirken pek çok kriteri bazen farkına bile varmadan dikkate
almaktadır. Tüketici tarafından her satın alma davranışı bir risk alma
faaliyeti olarak algılanabilmektedir. Ayrıca her tüketicinin risk algısı düzeyi
ürün kategorilerine ve bireylerin içinde bulundukları yaşam dönemlerine göre
farklılık göstermektedir. Tüketicilerin, kişilik oluşumunun önemli ölçüde
tamamlandığı ergenlik döneminin de risk algısının farklılaşmasında önemli
olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu kapsamda tüketicilerin ergenlik dönemlerinde ailesi
ve çevresiyle olan ilişkilerinin ve ayrılma-bireyselleşmelerinin tüketicilerin
risk algıları üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi bu araştırmanın amacını
oluşturmaktadır. Ayrılma bireyselleşme döneminde olan 370 üniversite
öğrencisinden anket yöntemiyle elde edilen veriler ışığında ergenlik dönemi
ayrılma-bireyselleşmelerinin tüketicilerin risk algıları üzerindeki etkileri
incelenmiştir. Ergenlik dönemi bireyselleşme-ayrılma davranışına ilişkin
reddedilme beklentisinin ve ayrılık kaygısının tüketicilerin risk algıları
üzerinde anlamlı etkileri olduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırma bulguları dikkate
alınarak literatüre katkısı açısından bazı önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
Lichen flora of Surinsar-Mansar wildlife sanctuary, J&K
Authors: Sheikh Mukhtar A. , Raina Anil K. , Upreti D. K.
Published: March 2018

The present study conducted to enumerate the lichens from the so far unexplored Surinsar-Mansar wildlife sanctuary, J&K, revealed the presence of 30 species belonging to 18 genera from 14 families. The species belonged to different growth forms (21 crustose, 8 foliose and 1 fruticose) and are also growing on various substrata (corticolous-17 and saxicolous-13). Mangifera indica hosted the maximum number (12) while Pinus roxburghii did not host any lichen species in this area.
Scenario of heavy metal contamination in agricultural soil and its management
Authors: Chopra A. K. , Pathak Chakresh , Prasad G.
Published: March 2018

Soil is a complex structure and contains mainly five major components i.e. mineral matter, water, air, organic matter and living organisms. The quantity of these components in the soil does not remain the same but varies with the locality. Soil possesses not only a nucleus position for existence of living being but also ensures their future existence. Therefore, it is essential to make an adequate land management to maintain the quality of soil in both rural and urban soil. The presence of different kinds of heavy metals such as Cd, Cu, Mn, Bi and Zn etc. in trace or in minimum level is a natural phenomenon but their enhanced level is an indicator of the degree of pollution load in that specific area. The precise knowledge of these kinds of heavy metals, their forms and their dependence on soil provides a genuine base for soil management. The heavy metals have potent cumulative properties and toxicity due to which they have a potential hazardous effect not only on crop plants but also on human health. The metal contaminants can be reduced by immobilization of contaminants using macrophytes and also by using genetically engineered microorganisms.
Technology of Microbial Electrolysis Cell with Statistical Optimization by Response Surface Methodology for Bio-Hydrogen Production and Phosphorus Recovery
Authors: Alshehri A.N.Z.
Published: March 2018

In this study, two chamber microbial electrolysis cells (MECs) were used to investigate effect of applied voltage and concentration of influent COD on bio-hydrogen (H2) production and phosphorus (P) recovery. On the cathode chamber P as crystals were precipitated (the maximum was 94%), and verified as struvite, using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analysis. Maximum of the H2 production rate was 0.31m3/m3/d. H2 production and P recovery have highly affected by applied voltage according to statistical optimization, while P recovery only had significantly affected by influent COD concentration. The range from 28 to 42%, was the total of energy recovery in the MEC. The current findings demonstrated capability of H2 production and P recovery using MECs technology.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(1): 1-11
Effects of the Nordic hamstring exercise on the architecture of the semitendinosus
Authors: Alonso-Fernandez Diego , Gutierrez-Sanchez Águeda , Garcia-Remeseiro Tania , Garganta Rui
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND:

Eccentric strength training changes muscle architecture but it is also an important factor for the prevention of injuries and their rehabilitation.

OBJECTIVE:

To determine the architectural adaptations of the semitendinosus (ST) after an eccentric strength training protocol with Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE), followed by a subsequent detraining period.

METHODS:

Twenty-three male individuals, aged 25.5 [Formula: see text] 3.3, completed an 8 week intervention, where the architectural characteristics of the ST were evaluated using a two-dimensional ultrasound before (pretest-week-1), after the training period (posttest-week-9) and at the end of the detraining period (retest-week-13).

RESULTS:

The post-test scores indicated that eccentric strength training resulted in a significant increase in the fascicle length (FL) (t [Formula: see text]12.5, [Formula: see text] 3.53, [Formula: see text] 0.01) and muscle thickness (MT) (t [Formula: see text]9.69, [Formula: see text] 2.85, [Formula: see text] 0.01), whereas the pennation angle (PA) decreased significantly (t [Formula: see text] 6.42, [Formula: see text] 1.76, [Formula: see text] 0.01). In retest, both FL (t [Formula: see text] 9.7, [Formula: see text] 2.65, [Formula: see text] 0.01) and MT (t [Formula: see text] 9.18, [Formula: see text] 2.65, [Formula: see text] 0.01) decreased significantly, whereas PA showed a significant increase (t [Formula: see text]5.39, [Formula: see text] 1.47, [Formula: see text] 0.01).

CONCLUSION:

The NHE seems to generate adaptations in ST architecture, which, in addition, are also reversible after a detraining period. These results may have practical implications for injury prevention and rehabilitation programmes.
Are we making SMART decisions regarding return to training of injured football players? Preliminary results from a pilot study
Authors: Gomez-Piqueras Pedro , González-Víllora Sixto , Grassi Alberto , Gojanovic Boris , Hägglund Martin , Waldén Markus
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND:

“ When will I be able to play again?” is the most frequent question asked by injured athletes. Due to the complex nature of sports injury, deciding when an injured athlete may safely return to training is a critical and difficult decision.

OBJECTIVE:

To study if the Safe Multidimensional Algorithm for Return to Training (SMART) scores, applied before the release to full return to training after injury differs between football players who suffer a subsequent re-injury and football players who do not.

METHOD:

Seventy one male professional football players were prospectively monitored for injuries during two seasons. The SMART tool was applied in injured players with an absence [Formula: see text] 10 days. The injured player had to carry out 17 multidimensional tests included in the algorithm in his final days of the planned rehabilitation. The results of the SMART were compared between players who sustained re-injuries and those who did not.

RESULTS:

Fifty-five injuries with absence [Formula: see text] 10 days were recorded and re-injuries occurred in 12 of these cases (22%). There was a lower re-injury rate in players who presented a better recovery in pain ([Formula: see text] 0.001), agility (RR 21.0, 95% CI: 2.0 to 213.2), advanced agility (RR 26.7, 95% CI: 4.9 to 142.8), anxiety (RR 8.6, 95% CI: 2.0 to 36.2), depression (RR 10.3, 95% CI: 1.5 to 65.7), self-perception ([Formula: see text] 0.001), advanced skills mode (RR 20.5, 95% CI: 3.3 to 125.9) and group skills mode ([Formula: see text] 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:

A multidimensional approach of Return to Training that includes objective measures may indicate potential deficiencies in the recovery of injured players.
Sulforaphane Inhibits the Generation of Amyloid-β Oligomer and Promotes Spatial Learning and Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease (PS1V97L) Transgenic Mice
Authors: Hou Ting-Ting , Yang He-Yun , Wang Wei , Wu Qiao-Qi , Tian Yuan-Ruhua , Jia Jian-Ping
Published: March 2018

Abnormal amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates are a striking feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and Aβ oligomers have been proven to be crucial in the pathology of AD. Any intervention targeting the generation or aggregation of Aβ can be expected to be useful in AD treatment. Oxidative stress and inflammation are common pathological changes in AD that are involved in the generation and aggregation of Aβ. In the present study, 6-month-old PS1V97L transgenic (Tg) mice were treated with sulforaphane, an antioxidant, for 4 months, and this treatment significantly inhibited the generation and aggregation of Aβ. Sulforaphane also alleviated several downstream pathological changes that including tau hyperphosphorylation, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. Most importantly, the cognition of the sulforaphane-treated PS1V97L Tg mice remained normal compared to that of wild-type mice at 10 months of age, when dementia typically emerges in PS1V97L Tg mice. Pretreating cultured cortical neurons with sulforaphane also protected against neuronal injury caused by Aβ oligomers in vitro. These findings suggest that sulforaphane may be a potential compound that can inhibit Aβ oligomer production in AD.
Characteristics of Japanese Patients with Becker Muscular Dystrophy and Intermediate Muscular Dystrophy in a Japanese National Registry of Muscular Dystrophy (Remudy): Heterogeneity and Clinical Variation
Authors: Mori-Yoshimura Madoka , Mitsuhashi Satomi , Nakamura Harumasa , Komaki Hirofumi , Goto Kanako , Yonemoto Naohiro , Takeuchi Fumi , Hayashi Yukiko K. , Murata Miho , Takahashi Yuji , Nishino Ichizo , Takeda Shin’ichi , Kimura En
Published: March 2018

Background:

Obtaining an adequate number of patients to conduct a natural history study for rare diseases such as Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) is difficult.

Objectives:

The present study used data from Remudy, a national registry for neuromuscular diseases in Japan, to conduct a phenotypic analysis of BMD.

Methods:

We analyzed Remudy data of participants with dystrophinopathy. All participants who were aged 17 and older and were ambulant at age 13 were included in this study. Participants were divided into two groups: those with BMD who were ambulant at age 17, and those with intermediate muscular dystrophy (IMD) who lost ambulation by age 17. Frequent mutations were analyzed by age at ambulation, cardiopulmonary function, and genotype. For clinical comparisons, participants who were administered steroids were excluded.

Results:

From July 2009 through September 2015, 192 participants had registered with Remudy. Mean participant age was 34.80±13.3 (range, 17–78) years, and 52.1% of participants were ambulant. Of the entire study population, 50.5% had cardiomyopathy and 35.9% had respiratory failure. Three participants required invasive ventilation and 30 required non-invasive ventilation. Nineteen of the 30 non-invasive ventilator users were part-time users. In total, 138 (71.9%) had BMD and 54 (28.1%) had IMD. The most frequent mutation was ex45_ex47del (36 participants). Among participants with frequent in-frame mutations, those with the ex45-49del mutation lost their ambulation earlier than those with the ex45_ex47del mutation. A total of 67 different exon deletions and duplications were identified in the study population.

Conclusion:

We clarified the clinical phenotypes of Japanese patients with BMD/IMD using data from Remudy. Our results suggest that not only IMD but also BMD are associated with risk of respiratory dysfunction.
Problems in Comparing Jitter Values Obtained with Voluntary Activation and Electrical Stimulation
Authors: Stålberg Erik , Kouyoumdjian João Aris , Paiva Gabriel Pina , Yanaze Larissa Luri , Sanders Donald B.
Published: March 2018

Comparing results from jitter studies performed with voluntary and electrical activation is difficult to perform quantitatively, particularly in complex signals as seen in reinnervation. High jitter values in individual spikes in these multispike signals can be missed with both activation methods, which introduces a bias towards more normal values.

With voluntary activation, triggering on a spike from an abnormal end-plate in multispike potentials will overestimate individual jitter values and the number of abnormal jitter values.

With electrical stimulation, artefactually-increased jitter may be caused by subliminal stimulation, which causes uncertainty at the stimulation point. Electrical stimulation also may activate many axons, causing signal summation, with erroneous or impossible jitter estimation.

Awareness of such pitfalls can improve the correct performance and interpretation of jitter recordings. Quantitative comparisons of results can be made between studies in reinnervated muscle performed with the same activation method, but not between results obtained with different activation methods.
Treatment Algorithm for Infants Diagnosed with Spinal Muscular Atrophy through Newborn Screening
Authors: Glascock Jacqueline , Sampson Jacinda , Haidet-Phillips Amanda , Connolly Anne , Darras Basil , Day John , Finkel Richard , Howell R. Rodney , Klinger Katherine , Kuntz Nancy , Prior Thomas , Shieh Perry B. , Crawford Thomas O. , Kerr Douglas , Jarecki Jill
Published: March 2018

Background:

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by the degeneration of alpha motor neurons in the spinal cord, leading to muscular atrophy. SMA is caused by deletions or mutations in the survival motor neuron 1 gene ( SMN1). In humans, a nearly identical copy gene, SMN2, is present. Because SMN2 has been shown to decrease disease severity in a dose-dependent manner, SMN2 copy number is predictive of disease severity.

Objective:

To develop a treatment algorithm for SMA-positive infants identified through newborn screening based upon SMN2 copy number.

Methods:

A working group comprised of 15 SMA experts participated in a modified Delphi process, moderated by a neutral third-party expert, to develop treatment guidelines.

Results:

The overarching recommendation is that all infants with two or three copies of SMN2 should receive immediate treatment ( n = 13). For those infants in which immediate treatment is not recommended, guidelines were developed that outline the timing and appropriate screens and tests to be used to determine the timing of treatment initiation.

Conclusions:

The identification SMA affected infants via newborn screening presents an unprecedented opportunity for achievement of maximal therapeutic benefit through the administration of treatment pre-symptomatically. The recommendations provided here are intended to help formulate treatment guidelines for infants who test positive during the newborn screening process.
Curcumin supplementation and motor-cognitive function in healthy middle-aged and older adults
Authors: Santos-Parker Jessica R. , Lubieniecki Kara L. , Rossman Matthew J. , Van Ark Hannah J. , Bassett Candace J. , Strahler Talia R. , Chonchol Michel B. , Justice Jamie N. , Seals Douglas R.
Published: March 2018

BACKGROUND:

Recent studies suggest curcumin is a promising nutraceutical for improving important clinical and physiological markers of healthy aging, including motor and cognitive function.

OBJECTIVE:

To determine if curcumin supplementation improves motor and cognitive function in healthy middle-aged and older adults.

METHODS:

39 healthy men and postmenopausal women (45–74 yrs) were randomized to 12 weeks of placebo ( n = 19) or curcumin supplementation (2000 mg/day Longvida®; n = 20) with motor and cognitive function assessed at week 0 and 12.

RESULTS:

Using measures of the NIH Toolbox and other standardized tests, there were no changes in muscle strength and rate of torque development, dexterity, fatigability, mobility, endurance, and balance between the placebo and curcumin groups after 12 weeks (all P > 0.05). Additionally, there were no changes after 12 weeks of placebo and curcumin supplementation in measures of fluid cognitive ability, a cognitive domain that declines with age, including processing speed, executive function, working memory, and episodic memory (all P > 0.3). There were marginal changes in language, a measure of crystallized cognitive ability that is stable with age, following the intervention, wherein reading decoding increased 3% in the curcumin group (post: 2428±35 vs. pre: 2357±34, P = 0.003), but was unchanged in the placebo group (post: 2334±39 vs. pre: 2364±40, P = 0.07).

CONCLUSIONS:

Overall, 12 weeks of curcumin supplementation does not improve motor and cognitive functions in healthy middle-aged and older adults. It is possible that curcumin may enhance these functions in groups with greater baseline impairments than those studied here, including adults greater than 75 years of age and/or patients with clinical disorders.
Future directions of resveratrol research
Authors: Wahl Devin , Bernier Michel , Simpson Stephen J. , de Cabo Rafael , Le Couteur David G.
Published: March 2018

Resveratrol improves healthspan and lifespan in many organisms. Several different targets and mechanisms of action have been proposed to explain the beneficial effects of resveratrol on healthspan and longevity, including the activation of a family of proteins known as sirtuins and its action as a calorie restriction mimetic. In this mini-review, we discuss some of the most recent findings to date in the resveratrol field and suggest three areas of future research based on those results.
Smart devices and healthy aging
Authors: Vinciguerra Sergio , Vinciguerra Manlio
Published: March 2018

Chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes mellitus, and neurodegenerative disorders represent major global health problems to society, and their incidence and prevalence continue to increase. Chronic diseases share common risk factors, including socio-economic factors and co-morbidities and, importantly, their risk increases with age. The silent transition from health to disease with a late onset of symptoms can delay treatment and interventions. Healthcare-systems must thus evolve proactive rather than purely reactive approaches to care once symptoms appear. Many self-tracking technologies (based on wireless biosensors) are readily available to the general public that monitor and record personal bio-related data. These biosensors may be wearable, implanted in the body or installed on a device. The aim of this review is to discuss the current market and proven utility of wrist-worn devices, in improving and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Optimizing the technological opportunities for monitoring good health has the potential to empower people and help many enjoy a high quality of life.