bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Optimization of Management Zones Shape Files
Authors: Caetano Letícia Leite , Dias Júnior Jocival Dantas , Backes André Ricardo , Ferraz Hericles Felipe , Escarpinati Mauricio Cunha
Published: March 2022

The growing use of technologies in favor of Precision Agriculture enables the application of different strategies in a crop and seeks to increase production, reduce costs and reduce damage to the environment. To keep up with the need to increase productivity and still reduce costs with farming as much as possible, the approach of applying inputs in a targeted manner based on the classification of regions is increasingly used, as are the results obtained in [9]. In optimizing these results, some points were identified that could be improved in relation to the vector data of the generated Management Zones, such as overlapping between different zones, invalid geometries, and a very large amount of points, which add unnecessary complexity to the file. This work proposes an algorithm that aims to optimize these Management Zone results in a shapefile, and aims to correct invalid geometries, reduce the number of points that define the shapes of the zones, and the correction of overlapping regions so that zones with lesser vigor have priority. In addition, an adjustment of the spacing between the geometries is made while correcting the overlap between different zones. As a result, a new shapefile is created, composed only of valid geometries, fewer points, and no overlaps between different Management Zones. Specialists evaluated the results obtained and indicated them as adequate to solve the problem.
Single Image 3D Building Reconstruction Using Rectangles Parallel to an Axis
Authors: Ferranti Tomás , Medeiros e Sá Asla , Carvalho Paulo Cezar Pinto
Published: March 2022

Historic photographic collections are valuable documents of urban evolution through time. Many historic buildings documented in such collections may have been demolished or changed over time. Digital modeling such buildings may be challenging due to the reduced amount of information available that may be limited to a few images and/or schematic drawings. This paper presents a method to create a 3D set of rectangles that approximates elements of a scene (such as walls, floors, and roofs) from a single image. Using a pinhole camera model, the extraction of geometry and texture of planes parallel to an axis can be obtained after a camera calibration step that recovers intrinsic parameters of the model. Results show that a good visualization of the scene can be created, using the proposed technique, from a single image.
A Methodology for Tumor Detection in MRI using a New q-Gabor Function as a Convolutional Filter
Authors: Silva Vinicius de A. , Laheras Lucas P. , Acchetta Everton C. , Rodrigues Paulo S.
Published: March 2022

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) can achieve excellent computer-assisted diagnosis with a good amount of data. However, there is still a growing demand for specific data and information for training Machine Learning models, either for classification or other tasks such as segmentation. Towards this, the Data Augmentation (DA) technique can handle the small medical imaging dataset problem by generating artificial training data. In this context, Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can synthesize realistic images to increase the number of images in a dataset. Therefore, to maximize the DA efficiency in a CNNbased tumor classification task, we propose using non-extensive Gabor filters as a convolutional layer kernel initializer. Our proposal has been tested in the BraTS15 dataset and results show that CNN with an additional q-Gabor layer can achieve an average accuracy 3.65% better than CNN with Gabor and 5.03% better than the default model when trained with artificial images (data augmentation).
A comparative study of convolutional neural networks for classification of pigmented skin lesions
Authors: Carmo Natalia Camillo do , Mari João Fernando
Published: March 2022

Skin cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in Brazil and its incidence rate has increased in recent years. Melanoma cases are more aggressive compared to nonmelanoma skin cancer. Machine learning-based classification algorithms can help dermatologists to diagnose whether skin lesion is melanoma or non-melanoma cancer. We compared four convolutional neural networks architectures (ResNet-50, VGG16, Inception-v3, and DenseNet-121) using different training strategies and validation methods to classify seven classes of skin lesions. The experiments were executed using the HAM10000 dataset which contains 10,015 images of pigmented skin lesions. We considered the test accuracy to determine the best model for each strategy. DenseNet-121 was the best model when trained with fine-tuning and data augmentation, 90% (k-fold crossvalidation). Our results can help to improve the use of machine learning algorithms for classifying pigmented skin lesions.
Computational Methodology for Iris Segmentation and Detection in Images from the Eyes Region Using Convolutional Neural Networks
Authors: Rodrigues Fredson Costa , Paiva Anselmo C. de , Almeida João Dalysson S. de , Braz Júnior Geraldo , Corrêa Aristófanes , Soares André Castelo Branco
Published: March 2022

Eye tracking is an application of computer vision responsible for detecting the iris and pupil in the eye region. The usefulness of this tracking contributes to research that assesses cognitive aspects through pupillary reactions identified in these detected regions. Another application in this task is iris recognition in digital biometrics. This study aims to carry out the verification and detection of the iris in images of the eye region occluded by eyelashes, eyelids and specular reflexes, through a deep neural network called At-Unet in this article. In order to assist in eye tracking this method achieves 95.32 % of data coefficient when segmenting the iris of the eyes, indicating the efficiency of this methodology.
A Method For Multiclass Lymphoma Classification Based on Morphological and Non-Morphological Descriptors
Authors: Faria Tiago P. de , Nascimento Marcelo Z. do , Martins Luiz G. A.
Published: March 2022

Lymphoma is one of the most common types of cancer and its treatment can be more effective if the disease variant is correctly diagnosed. Many works have been done using computer vision and machine learning to classify the images. This work presents lymphoma based on histological a method using simple descriptors and a decision tree-based ensemble classifier, aiming to maintaing the interpretability of the data and understand what information in most important to the classification task. We use morphological and non morphological descriptors extracted from the cells nuclei, a feature selection method based on principal component analysis (PCA), and a gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) method for multiclass classification. Our approach achieves an average accuracy of 0.932. this result is close to those obtained in the state of the art, while it uses simpler descriptors and better interpretable classification models.
UniMRI: Unified Repository of Magnetic Resonance Images for Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis
Authors: Silveira Wellington , Korb Rafael , Dimuro Graçaliz , Bem Rodrigo de
Published: March 2022

Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system, destroying myelin. To detect multiple sclerosis, you need to have MRI scans so you can see the areas where myelin has been damaged. This analysis is complex and costly due to the time required to assess injuries. The use of machine learning is desirable as these exams are taken periodically. However, the number of public databases present in the literature containing patients with multiple sclerosis is small when compared to the amount of data needed to train deep neural networks. Thus, the objective of this work is to join public databases of magnetic resonance images existing in the literature, proposing a software library to manipulate and pre-process these data.
Price Sensitivity and Customer Perceived Switching Costs in Business-to-Business Markets: Joint Effect on Customer Repurchase Intentions
Authors: Shaik Muzeeb , Bosukonda Narendra , Mittal Vikas , Sridhar and Shrihari
Published: March 2022

Previous research assumes an unconditionally positive association of perceived switching costs-financial, procedural and relational-with repurchase intentions. Building on the theory of context-dependent preference formation, the authors posit price sensitivity as a contextual factor that moderates the relationship of repurchase intentions with three different types of switching costs - financial, procedural and relational. Using a large-scale dataset (N=8,588) spanning multiple industries in the B2B domain, the authors show that price sensitivity moderates these associations such that: (1) the negative association of financial switching costs with repurchase intention is stronger when price sensitivity is low, (2) the positive association of procedural switching costs with repurchase intention is stronger when price sensitivity is low and (3) the positive association of relational switching costs with repurchase intentions is stronger when price sensitivity is high. Linking repurchase intentions to actual sales underscores the practical relevance of their results.
Psychiatrie ohne Betten
Authors: Heißler Matthias
Published: March 2022

Ein leidenschaftliches Plädoyer für die Versorgung psychisch erkrankter Menschen zu Hause als Alternative zur stationären Behandlung. Der Autor diskutiert Theorie und Praxis einer psychosozialen Versorgung, die sich an der Lebens- und Beziehungswelt von Menschen in existenziellen Krisen orientiert.

Neue Wege – Aufsuchende Psychiatrie

Home Treatment, StäB und aufsuchende Psychiatrie werden breit diskutiert, denn die Defizite der psychiatrischen Versorgung sind offensichtlich. Das größte Manko: Die Hilfen bewegen sich oft nicht zu den Menschen, sie erwarten, dass die Menschen zu ihnen kommen – in die Klinik.

Der Autor ist als ehemaliger Chefarzt einer psychiatrischen Abteilung einen anderen Weg gegangen: Bettenabbau zugunsten einer ambulanten und aufsuchenden Behandlung, mobile, multiprofessionelle Kriseninterventionsteams und Interventionen, die an Ressourcen in der Lebenswelt von Betroffenen anknüpfen, sind sein Erfolgsrezept. In seinem Buch beschreibt er seine theoretischen Überlegungen und seine praktischen Erfahrungen und ermutigt damit alle, die neue Wege in der Psychiatrie gehen wollen.

Ideensammlung zur Verbesserung der psychiatrischen Versorgung

Im Sinne der Psychiatriereform: ambulant vor stationär

Home Treatment und multiprofessionelle Teams
Gastfreundschaft
Authors: Kal Doortje
Published: March 2022

Viele Menschen mit psychiatrischen Problemen befinden sich nach wie vor am Rande der Gesellschaft. Das Konzept »Kwartiermaken« steht für den Versuch, ein gesellschaftliches Klima zu fördern, um Menschen mit Psychiatrieerfahrung die Rückkehr in eine Position gesellschaftlicher Beteiligung zu ermöglichen.

Wegbereiter*innen für Gastfreundschaft

Kwartiermaken eine in den 90er Jahren entwickelten niederländische Initiative, die die soziale Integration psychiatrieerfahrener Menschen fördern und insbesondere einem gesellschaftlichen Klima den Weg bereiten will, das »Bürger*innen mit Eigenheiten« ermöglicht, gehört zu werden und teilzuhaben.

Das Buch ist aus der Projekttätigkeit und Promotion der Autorin hervorgegangen und ist ein Grundlagenwerk der Sozialraumorientierung – im mehrfachen Sinn ein wegweisend für die Inklusion von Menschen mit psychischen Erkrankungen in die bürgerliche Gesellschaft und Nachbarschaft!

Gesellschaftliche Inklusion: philosophische Perspektiven und die Organisation von Gastfreundschaft in der Praxis
Rehabilitation und Teilhabe wie aus einer Hand
Authors: Konrad Michael , Dellmann Sandra
Published: March 2022

Das neue BTHG fasst die gesamten Leistungen zur Teilhabe am gesellschaftlichen Leben im SGB IX zusammen: Neben der Eingliederungshilfe erhalten Leistungsberechtigte nun auch Zugang zu ambulanten Leistungen der medizinischen und beruflichen Rehabilitation quasi aus einer Hand. Wie das praktisch geht, wird an einer komplexen Fallgeschichte dargestellt.

Teilhabeplanung praktisch

Durch das BTHG wurden alle Leistungen zur gleichberechtigten Teilhabe am gesellschaftlichen Leben für Menschen mit Behinderung im SGB IX zusammengefasst: Neben der Eingliederungshilfe erhalten Leistungsberechtigte nun auch Zugang zu ambulanten Leistungen der medizinischen und beruflichen Rehabilitation quasi wie aus einer Hand.

Diese Veränderung der gesetzlichen Rahmenbedingungen und die Geschichte der Veränderung werden vorgestellt, bevor ausführlich und konkret ein Teilhabeplan entwickelt wird. Dabei gibt die Klientin – Sandra Dellmann – die Richtung vor und Michael Konrad verbindet ihre Wünsche und Ziele mit den Maßnahmen, die nach den neuen Vorschriften möglich sind. Der exemplarische Prozess der Teilhabeplanung wird durch die eingefügten Zitate der zentralen Paragrafen und Richtlinien zum Leitfaden für die Praxis.
Peirce, Jakobson y la esencia de la literatura y del lenguaje
Authors: Abad Francisco
Published: March 2022

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La relevancia de la semiótica de Ch. S. Peirce en la constitución de una pragmática de la literatura
Authors: Vicente Gómez Vicente
Published: March 2022

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retruécano léxico
Authors: García-Page Mario
Published: March 2022

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«discurso repetido» como marca de cierre textual en la prosa de Valle-Inclán
Authors: Pastor Platero Emilio
Published: March 2022

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Intertextualidad: teoría, desarrollos, funcionamiento
Authors: Gutiérrez Estupiñán Raquel
Published: March 2022

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Three-Act Tasks and Online Teaching
Authors: Sugimoto Amanda T. , Meister Heidi
Published: March 2022

The authors draw on collaboration with a group of teachers to describe how three-act tasks could be (re)designed and implemented for online synchronous and asynchronous learning, identifying technological factors that teachers might consider.
The Impact of Investor Sentiment on Direction of Stock Price Changes: Evidence from the Polish Stock Market
Authors:   Kozminski University, Polak Kamil
Published: March 2022

The purpose of this research is to examine the impact of sentiment derived from news headlines on the direction of stock price changes. The study examines stocks listed on the WIG-banking sub-sector index on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. Two types of data were used: textual and market data. The research period covers the years 2015–2018. Through the research, 7,074 observations were investigated, of which 3,390 with positive sentiment, 2,665 neutral, and 1,019 negative. In order to examine the predictive power of sentiment, six machine learning models were used: Decision Tree Classifier, Random Forest Classifier, XGBoost Classifier, KNN Classifier, SVC and Gaussian Naive Bayes Classifier. Empirical results show that the sentiment of news headlines has no significant explanatory power for the direction of stock price changes in one-day time frame.
Phase transition observation of nanoscale water on diamond surface
Authors: Yang Zhi-Ping , Kong Xi , Shi Fa-Zhan , Du Jiang-Feng ,   Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, School of Physical Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China,   CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China,   State Key Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China,   CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
Published: March 2022

Water is one of the most important substances in the world. It is a crucial issue to study the dynamics of water molecules at interfaces or in the confined systems. In recent years, the emerging magnetic resonance technique based on nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center has allowed us to observe the nanoscale nuclear magnetic signal and temperature simultaneously. Here we succeed in measuring the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals of nanoscale solid and liquid water on diamond surface by NV center, and observing the solid-liquid phase transition of these nano-water by temperature control. This work demonstrates that the nano-NMR technique based on NV centers can probe the dynamics behavior of nanoscale materials effectively, providing a new way for studying the nanoscale confined systems.
Large-scale orientational order in bacterial colonies during inward growth
Authors: Basaran Mustafa , Yaman Y Ilker , Yüce Tevfik Can , Vetter Roman , Kocabas Askin
Published: March 2022

During colony growth, complex interactions regulate the bacterial orientation, leading to the formation of large-scale ordered structures, including topological defects, microdomains, and branches. These structures may benefit bacterial strains, providing invasive advantages during colonization. Active matter dynamics of growing colonies drives the emergence of these ordered structures. However, additional biomechanical factors also play a significant role during this process. Here, we show that the velocity profile of growing colonies creates strong radial orientation during inward growth when crowded populations invade a closed area. During this process, growth geometry sets virtual confinement and dictates the velocity profile. Herein, flow-induced alignment and torque balance on the rod-shaped bacteria result in a new stable orientational equilibrium in the radial direction. Our analysis revealed that the dynamics of these radially oriented structures, also known as aster defects, depend on bacterial length and can promote the survival of the longest bacteria around localized nutritional hotspots. The present results indicate a new mechanism underlying structural order and provide mechanistic insights into the dynamics of bacterial growth on complex surfaces.
A neural progenitor mitotic wave is required for asynchronous axon outgrowth and morphology
Authors: Lacoste Jérôme , Soula Hédi , Burg Angélique , Audibert Agnès , Darnat Pénélope , Gho Michel , Louvet-Vallée Sophie
Published: March 2022

Spatiotemporal mechanisms generating neural diversity are fundamental for understanding neural processes. Here, we investigated how neural diversity arises from neurons coming from identical progenitors. In the dorsal thorax of Drosophila, rows of mechanosensory organs originate from the division of sensory organ progenitor (SOPs). We show that in each row of the notum, an anteromedial located central SOP divides first, then neighbouring SOPs divide, and so on. This centrifugal wave of mitoses depends on cell-cell inhibitory interactions mediated by SOP cytoplasmic protrusions and Scabrous, a secreted protein interacting with the Delta/Notch complex. Furthermore, when this mitotic wave was reduced, axonal growth was more synchronous, axonal terminals had a complex branching pattern and fly behaviour was impaired. We show that the temporal order of progenitor divisions influences the birth order of sensory neurons, axon branching and impact on grooming behaviour. These data support the idea that developmental timing controls axon wiring neural diversity.
State-dependent representations of mixtures by the olfactory bulb
Authors: Adefuin Aliya Mari , Lindeman Sander , Reinert Janine Kristin , Fukunaga Izumi
Published: March 2022

Sensory systems are often tasked to analyse complex signals from the environment, separating relevant from irrelevant parts. This process of decomposing signals is challenging when a mixture of signals does not equal the sum of its parts, leading to an unpredictable corruption of signal patterns. In olfaction, nonlinear summation is prevalent at various stages of sensory processing. Here, we investigate how the olfactory system deals with binary mixtures of odours under different brain states by two-photon imaging of olfactory bulb (OB) output neurons. Unlike previous studies using anaesthetised animals, we found that mixture summation is more linear in the early phase of evoked responses in awake, head-fixed mice performing an odour detection task, due to dampened responses. Despite smaller and more variable responses, decoding analyses indicated that the data from behaving mice was well discriminable. Curiously, the time course of decoding accuracy did not correlate strictly with the linearity of summation. Further, a comparison with naïve mice indicated that learning to accurately perform the mixture detection task is not accompanied by more linear mixture summation. Finally, using a simulation, we demonstrate that, while saturating sublinearity tends to degrade the discriminability, the extent of the impairment may depend on other factors, including pattern decorrelation. Altogether, our results demonstrate that the mixture representation in the primary olfactory area is state-dependent, but the analytical perception may not strictly correlate with linearity in summation.
Sea urchin harvest inside marine protected areas: an opportunity to investigate the effects of exploitation where trophic upgrading is achieved
Authors: Ceccherelli Giulia , Addis Piero , Atzori Fabrizio , Cadoni Nicoletta , Casu Marco , Coppa Stefania , De Luca Mario , de Lucia Giuseppe Andrea , Farina Simone , Fois Nicola , Frau Francesca , Gazale Vittorio , Grech Daniele , Guala Ivan , Mariani Mariano , Marras Massimo SG , Navone Augusto , Pansini Arianna , Panzalis Pieraugusto , Pinna Federico , Ruiu Alberto , Scarpa Fabio , Piazzi Luigi
Published: March 2022

Background

Marine protected areas (MPAs) usually have both positive effects of protection for the fisheries’ target species and indirect negative effects for sea urchins. Moreover, often in MPAs sea urchin human harvest is restricted, but allowed. This study is aimed at estimating the effect of human harvest of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus within MPAs, where fish exploitation is restricted and its density is already controlled by a higher natural predation risk. The prediction we formulated was that the lowest densities of commercial sea urchins would be found where human harvest is allowed and where the harvest is restricted, compared to where the harvest is forbidden.

Methods

At this aim, a collaborative database gained across five MPAs in Sardinia (Western Mediterranean, Italy) and areas outside was gathered collecting sea urchin abundance and size data in a total of 106 sites at different degrees of sea urchin exploitation: no, restricted and unrestricted harvest sites (NH, RH and UH, respectively). Furthermore, as estimates made in past monitoring efforts (since 2005) were available for 75 of the sampled sites, for each of the different levels of exploitation, the rate of variation in the total sea urchin density was also estimated.

Results

Results have highlighted that the lowest sea urchin total and commercial density was found in RH sites, likely for the cumulative effects of human harvest and natural predation. The overall rate of change in sea urchin density over time indicates that only NH conditions promoted the increase of sea urchin abundance and that current local management of the MPAs has driven towards an important regression of populations, by allowing the harvest. Overall, results suggest that complex mechanisms, including synergistic effects between natural biotic interactions and human pressures, may occur on sea urchin populations and the assessment of MPA effects on P. lividus populations would be crucial to guide management decisions on regulating harvest permits. Overall, the need to ban sea urchin harvest in the MPAs to avoid extreme reductions is encouraged, as inside the MPAs sea urchin populations are likely under natural predation pressures for the trophic upgrading.
Loss of gut microbial diversity in the cultured, agastric fish, Mexican pike silverside (Chirostoma estor: Atherinopsidae)
Authors: Amillano-Cisneros Jesús Mateo , Hernández-Rosas Perla T. , Gomez-Gil Bruno , Navarrete-Ramírez Pamela , Ríos-Durán María Gisela , Martínez-Chávez Carlos Cristian , Johnston-Monje David , Martínez-Palacios Carlos Antonio , Raggi Luciana
Published: March 2022

Teleost fish are the most diverse group of extant vertebrates and have varied digestive anatomical structures and strategies, suggesting they also possess an array of different host-microbiota interactions. Differences in fish gut microbiota have been shown to affect host development, the process of gut colonization, and the outcomes of gene-environment or immune system-microbiota interactions. There is generally a lack of studies on the digestive mechanisms and microbiota of agastric short-intestine fish however, meaning that we do not understand how changes in gut microbial diversity might influence the health of these types of fish. To help fill these gaps in knowledge, we decided to study the Mexican pike silverside (Chirostoma estor) which has a simplified alimentary canal (agastric, short-intestine, 0.7 gut relative length) to observe the diversity and metabolic potential of its intestinal microbiota. We characterized gut microbial populations using high-throughput sequencing of the V3 region in bacterial 16S rRNA genes while searching for population shifts resulting associated with fish development in different environments and cultivation methods. Microbiota samples were taken from the digesta, anterior and posterior intestine (the three different intestinal components) of fish that grew wild in a lake, that were cultivated in indoor tanks, or that were raised in outdoor ponds. Gut microbial diversity was significantly higher in wild fish than in cultivated fish, suggesting a loss of diversity when fish are raised in controlled environments. The most abundant phyla observed in these experiments were Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, particularly of the genera Mycoplasma, Staphylococcus, Spiroplasma, and Aeromonas. Of the 14,161 OTUs observed in this experiment, 133 were found in all groups, and 17 of these, belonging to Acinetobacter, Aeromonas, Pseudomonas, and Spiroplasma genera, were found in all samples suggesting the existence of a core C. estor microbiome. Functional metagenomic prediction of bacterial ecological functions using PICRUSt2 suggested that different intestinal components select for functionally distinct microbial populations with variation in pathways related to the metabolism of amino acids, vitamins, cofactors, and energy. Our results provide, for the first time, information on the bacterial populations present in an agastric, short-gut teleost with commercial potential and show that controlled cultivation of this fish reduces the diversity of its intestinal microbiota.
Adapting and testing an instrument to assess users’satisfaction and loyalty in hotel and airbnb hosting services
Authors: Trentin Luciano , Espig Aline , Tontini Gérson , César da Silva Júlio
Published: March 2022

This article proposes an instrument to assess the level of satisfaction with the hosting services of Airbnb and hotels, and to examine the relationship between service performance, customer satisfac-tion, and loyalty. The data collection instrument examines hosting services (attendance, installation, reliability, service, and value), customer satisfaction,and loyalty. The instrument was answered by 645 users across the Brazilian territory, being collected by accessibility and convenience. Confirma-tory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used for data treatment and analysis. The results confirm that hosting services transfer 0.173 of their own evaluation to loyalty and 0.915 to satisfaction, and satisfaction with the hosting services influences loyalty by 0.746 of its own asses-sment. This study contributes to the expansion of theory about hosting services, and contributes to management by providing a self-assessment instrument for the level of hosting services offered.
Examination of the Causes and Frequency of Fire Hazard in Communities Housing Refinery Flammable Facilities: A Case Study of PHRC
Authors: Ifeanyichukwu Nkeleme Emmanuel , Ikenna Achigbu Onyemaeze , Ozoh Chukwudi Stanley , Ellis Edom Ikenna , Adebisi Fatai Adeyemo
Published: March 2022

Fire hazards regardless of their immediate or remote cause(s), always have very serious consequences whenever they occur. This paper examines the causes and frequency of fire hazards in the host communities of Port Harcourt Refinery Company (PHRC) flammable materials, to establish the causes and frequency of fire outbreaks in such facilities as the Crudeoil tanks, Crude Distillation Unit (CDU), Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit (FCCU), Naphtha Hydrotreating Unit (NHU), and suggesting measures to reduce such practices. The research was sorted via an intensive literature review alongside the administration of a well-structured questionnaire. A total of seventy questionnaires with sixty returned adequately filled giving a percentage response of 85.7%. The responses were analyzed using computer-based software (SPSS) and the result was presented in percentages and Relative Importance Indices (RII). The result showed among others that the reoccurring communal practice around PHRC that lead to fire hazard is bush burning (RII=0.91). Other common practices that lead to fire hazards are; Arson and incineration of refuse at proximity to combustible elements. The result also shows that there is no fire enlightenment within this environment. Thus, based on the findings the following are recommended; regulation and supervisory committees be set up and empowered to guide against the act of bush burning around PHRC flammable facilities. Fire prevention measures and enlightenment should be organized within the communities surrounding PHRC, and also the point where PHRC flammable facilities are stored or located within the communities should be well designated so that people can easily see and consequently avoid any activity that can instigate the eruption of fire outbreak.
Mergers and Acquisitions: Their Impact on the Financial Performance on the Indonesian Banking Sector
Authors: Kasumawati Tari , Prasetyo Tri Joko , Metalia Mega
Published: March 2022

Aims: To comparing and analyzing banking that have completed mergers and acquisitions in Indonesia from 2005 to 2020.

Study design: This research using the quantitative descriptive method.

Place and Duration of Study: Financial Services Authority, period 2005 to 2020.

Methodology: This research using quantitative data with secondary data sources whose data is obtained from financial reports that are accessed through the website www.ojk.go.id and www.idx.co.id. Data analysis used different tests using IBM SPSS, including Descriptive Statistics Test, Kolmogorov Smirnov One Sample Test, Wilcoxon Signed-Ranks Test, Paired Sample T-Test, and Multivariate Analysis of Variance (Manova).

Results: The results in this study with Manova there are differences in financial performance before and after M&A. While the of the test with Wilcoxon Signed Ranks-Test and Paired Sample T-Test did not show significant differences in the ratios of CAR, DER, ROA, ROE, BOPO, FDR/LDR, and NPF/NPL before and after M&A.

Conclusion: There is significant differences in financial performance that were tested simultaneously between before and after M&A. Although, there are no differences in the ratio of CAR, DER, ROA, ROE, BOPO, FDR/LDR, and NPF/NPL between before and after M&A.
The Effect of Aqueous Cattapa Leaf Extract on the Treatment of Gouramy Juvenile (Osphronemus goramy) Infected with Saprolegnia Sp.
Authors: Grandiosa Roffi , Sa’baniya Aulya Khoerussyfa , Nurhayati Atikah , Mulyani Yuniar
Published: March 2022

Gouramy cultivation has obstacles in its development, one of which is disease. Disease attack in fish farming activities is a serious obstacle. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of cattapa leaf solution (Terminalia goramy) on the treatment of juvenile gouramy (Osphronemus goramy) infected with the fungal pathogen Saprolegnia sp. This study used a completely randomized design method with 5 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments given consisted of treatment A (control, without cattapa leaf solution), while treatment B, C, D and E were 500 ppm, 1000 ppm, 1500 ppm and 2000 ppm consecutively. The parameters observed were survival rate of gouramy, scale of fungal growth intensity (scaled from 1 to 5) and water quality. The scale of fungal growth and administration of cattapa leaf solution with different doses did not significantly affect the survival of gouramy (p > 0.05). However, the highest survival rate of gouramy was found in treatment B (500 ppm) which was 59% + 38.31 and the lowest was found in treatment E (2000 ppm) at 21% + 4.61. In-crease of gouramy leaves concentration was thought to cause stress of fish hence response to feeding was lower affecting the survival rate. Infections of Saprolegnia were still found from fish in all treatments although treated with cattapa leaf solution. In treatment D (1500 ppm), T. cattapa had a slight effect in the reduction of Saprolegnia found on the body of fish where decrease in the scale of fungal growth was found in several fish. Water quality parameters in this study such as temperature, pH, DO and ammonia were still in a suitable con-dition for the maintenance of gouramy juvenile.
Assessment of Health and Safety Risk Among Waste Scavengers in Enugu State, Nigeria
Authors: Patrick Nwosu Osita , Eyinna Douglass , Stanley K.
Published: March 2022

One of the most dangerous and dehumanizing activity in many developing countries is waste scavenging, an act of selecting possible useful or materials from waste materials especially at waste dump sites for purposes of making a living. This act exposes waste scavengers to several occupational health risks and hazards ranging from cuts, needle stick injury, and exposure to particulate matter, disease causing organisms, contaminated food and water, unhygienic working environment, among other health hazards. In Nigeria, population growth has resulted in an uncontrolled increase in waste creation, making it impossible for waste management organizations in various states to cope. Thus, increasing the number of waste scavengers who use waste picking as a daily source of income and a routine vocation to reduce the unemployment gap. This study was therefore performed to assess health and safety risk among waste scavengers in Enugu state, Nigeria with a view to identifying health conditions associated with waste scavengers in the state. This research adopted a descriptive cross-sectional approach in sampling 396 wastes scavengers across the three senatorial districts of Enugu state. A multistage and random sampling technique with instruments of questionnaires as well as risk assessments of the dumpsites were used to achieve the research objectives. Findings revealed that most of the respondents were exposed to all types of hazards with (79.8%) prevalence of physical hazard, (52.3%) prevalence of biological hazard, (61.6%) prevalence of chemical hazard, (60.6%) prevalence of psychological hazard and (95.7%) prevalence of ergonomic hazard. Due to exposures to broken glasses, needles, nails, metals, bottles, trips and falls, dust, machinery, computer equipment, woods, faeces, used condoms, food wastes, decaying materials, insects, rats, snakes, battery, poisoning from insecticides, decaying materials, chemical substances, lifting heavy bags of picked solid waste materials such as metals and plastics. Study recommends the use of PPEs by scavengers and enforcement of the use by government to ensure their exposures to some of these hazards are reduced. Also, recommends collaboration of Government with health workers to organize frequent health education and promotion to educate the waste scavengers on various types of health hazards.
Genetic Variability, Correlation, Direct and Indirect Effects on Seed Yield through Different Quantitative Traits in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Germplasm at Central Plain Zone (Uttar Pradesh)
Authors: Bharathi Challa Laasya , Lavanya G. Roopa , Reddy Y. Viswanatha , Anirudh A.
Published: March 2022

Chickpea is the leading legume grain crop source for protein and other nutritional content. Chickpea holds second rank in pulse production area and third in total production. There are totally 26 germplasm and 11 traits were chosen for this study. All the traits were recorded on the optimum plant growth stages.  Among 26 chickpea genotypes, KPG-59, IPCO-2K-25, IPC-04-52, C-203, C-223 and PC-6006 recorded highest mean seed yield with the contributory characters namely, number of seeds per plant, harvest index, number of pods per plant, biological yield, seed index. The phenotypic correlation revealed that the seed yield per plant recorded positive correlation with plant height, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, biological yield, harvest index and seed index.  Also, the biological yield and harvest index recorded positive direct effect on Seed yield per plant and the negative direct effect found in days to 50% flowering, plant height and number of pods per plant. The traits, days to 50% flowering and plant height showed positive correlation and negative direct effect on seed yield per plant. Seed yield per plant recorded higher PCV and GCV value than other traits. The broad sense heritability and genetic advance as percent of mean recorded higher value in seed yield per plant. The efficiency of selection will be improved by understanding the association among the traits and variability. This will be helpful in chickpea improvement plant breeding program.
Gestational Exposure to a Commercial Tooth Whitening Agent Containing Carbamide Peroxide Induces Locomotory Changes and Tissue Damage in Mice Newborns
Authors: Al-Basher Gadah I.
Published: March 2022

The present study evaluates the impact of gestational exposure to a commercially available tooth whitening agent in mice newborns. A total of 20 male mice and 60 female Swiss albino mice were used in the study. After mating, 30 pregnant mice were obtained which were divided into three (3) groups. Group I consisted of 6 pregnant mice which received distilled water by oral gavage from the first day of pregnancy until the 15th day after birth; Group I: included 12 pregnant mice which received 200 mg/kg body weight tooth whitening agent and Group III included 12 pregnant mice which received 500 mg/kg body weight tooth whitening agent. Locomotory behaviour, haematological parameters such as Hb, RBC and WBC counts, the antioxidant activity of brain tissue and also histopathology of spleen, liver, gastric mucosa and brain tissues of the control as well as experimental (tooth whitening agent exposed) mice newborns were studied. The locomotor activity of the tooth whitening agent exposed offspring was significantly reduced when compared to the control. Also, the exposed offspring had shown high WBC count and decreased level of antioxidants. The results of this study further confirm that gestational exposure to a tooth whitening agent induces oxidative stress and histopathological alterations in gastric mucosa and brain in experimental group.
Correlation between Level of Functional Ability and Sports Performance among Football Players with Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI)
Authors: Subramanian Shenbaga Sundaram , Teng Soon Yuen , Senthil P. , Gaowgeh Riziq Allah Mustafa , Alfawaz Saad Suleman , Neamatallah Ziyad
Published: March 2022

Background: Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is the most common injury among the football players and it occurs with the players who have history of repetitive ankle sprain. This will result in limitation of functional ability and sport performance of a football player. However, most of the sport rehabilitation focused on the sport performance of an athletic after ankle sprain injury and the functional ability was not stressed on during the return to sport process. It is because the relationship between the level functional ability and sport performance among the football players with CAI is still unclear.

Objectives: To determine the relationship between the level of functional ability and sports performance among the football players with chronic ankle instability (CAI).

Study Design: Correlation study.

Methods: Forty two (n=42) of football players were involved in this study by convenience sampling design. Football players filled in the questionnaire which was Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) which included the activities of daily living (ADL) subscale and sports subscale. The total score of each subscale for all the players were calculated and Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient was used to analyze the relationship.

Results: A total of twenty five (60%) of the football players had higher ADL score than the sports score while seventeen (40%) of them had higher sports score than ADL score. The mean score for ADL subscale was 79.63±20.64 (%) whereas for sports subscale was 75.59±25.43 (%).  Pearson’s correlation was .92 (r=.92) and it is significant at .01 level (p <.00).

Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the level of functional ability and sports performance among the football players with chronic ankle instability (CAI).

Implication: It provides a guideline for the physiotherapy or football player to plan a more structured rehabilitation in order to improve the quality of return to sport performance.
A Randomized Control Trial of Clinical Success and Acceptability of the Hall Technique and Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement Restorations in Sealing Carious Primary Molars
Authors: Thakkar Rinky , Jawdekar Ashwin
Published: March 2022

Background: A paradigm shift in the caries management propelled interest in techniques for sealing caries and restorations with selective caries removal. Preformed Metal Crowns (PMCs) and Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement (RMGIC) have been preferred choices of restorations for carious primary molars. This is the first study from India on the Hall Technique used to seal carious primary molars.

Objective: To compare the clinical success and acceptability of the Hall Technique and RMGIC restorations in sealing carious primary molars.

Methods: Sixty 7–8-year-old children having caries with ICDAS scores 3-5, requiring two or more restorations; a total of 140 teeth were randomized into Group A: HT (n1 = 73 teeth) or Group B: RMGIC (n2 = 67 teeth). A single calibrated operator assessed the ‘Major’ failures (abscess, secondary caries, new caries) and ‘Minor’ failures (dislodgement) over a period of 15 months. Children, parents, and operator rated the acceptability. The average time taken for each procedure was recorded.

Results: ‘Major’ failures were statistically significantly higher in the RMGIC group (p=0.008). At the 12-month follow-up, the HT outperformed RMGIC restorations. Additional failures were seen in Group B: RMGIC restorations at 15-month follow-up, whereas no failures were seen with HT. The result was statistically not significant. Children, parents, and the operator preferred the Hall Technique, which was statistically significant (p< 0.001).

Conclusion: HT is a successful and acceptable technique and superior to RMGIC restorations with partial excavation of caries in primary molars but with mild postoperative discomfort.
Clinical Spectrum of Alcoholic Liver Disease in Subjects Attending Outpatient Department at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Subramaniam Komathi , Reddy Penugonda Praval , Saikiran Pulluri , Rao P. Nageshwara , Babu A. V. Kishore , Rao A. Srinivasa
Published: March 2022

Background: Alcoholic liver disease is one of the primary medical complication of chronic ethanol abuse. It encloses a wide spectrum of diseases comprising of fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, alcoholic cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.

Methodology: A prospective, observational study was done at AIG hospitals in the department of hepatology for a period of 6 months. A total of 200 patient’s diagnosed clinically and biochemically with various spectrum of ALD were recruited for the study.Non-invasive prognostic scores were calculated at the time of admission and correlated with severity of disease.

Results: Among 200 study participants, 34.8% belongs to age group of 36-45 years. All were male patients with age group ranged from 25 to 73 years. We observed the high levels of alkaline phosphatese, aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio, mean corpuscular volume, total bilirubin and international normalized ratio in Severe Alcoholic hepatitis patients. Non-invasive prognostic markers like child-turcotte-pugh score,model for end stage liver disease-sodium and maddrey’s discriminant factor were assessed for all patients.Prevalence of different stages of ethanol mediated liver disease were-12% of alcoholic fatty liver,17.5% of alcoholic hepatitis,6% of acute on chronic liver failure,32.5% of chronic liver disease,24% of decompensated chronic liver disease,6% of past decompensated chronic liver disease with current living donor liver transplant and 2% cases of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Conclusion: Hazardous ethanol abuse is more typical in adult males especially among productive age group. The subjects were cautioned on their personal basis regarding fallout of alcoholic liver disease, and guided for latency of alcohol not immediately but definitely.
Direct Sinus Augmentation Procedure for Rehabilitation of Severely Atrophic Posterior Maxilla with Sticky Bone – A Case Report
Authors: Shankargouda Swapnil , Joshi Divya , Rayannavar Sounyala , Doddamani Mallikarjun H.
Published: March 2022

Aim: Rehabilitation of atrophic maxilla using sticky bone and simultaneous implant placement.

Presentation of Cases: Sinus augmentation along with simultaneous implant placement prevents the additional surgery. This often benefits both the patient and the dentist. This case report highlights the sinus augmentation procedure for rehabilitation of a severely atrophic posterior maxilla using Sticky bone, a combination of Xenograft and Platelet rich fibrin with simultaneous dental implant placement.

Discussion:  Pneumatization of posterior maxilla often complicates dental implant surgery. Various sinus lift surgical procedures have been developed over the years, to increase residual alveolar ridge height. Implant placement is made easier by enhancing the posterior maxilla by various sinus augmentation procedure

Conclusion: Direct sinus augmentation procedure using sticky bone for rehabilitation of severely atrophic posterior maxilla with simultaneous implant placement provides a reliable and predictable outcome.
Excavation of a Bronze Age funerary site at Loth Road, Sanday, Orkney
Authors: Sharman Paul M , Alldritt Diane , Clarke Ann , MacSween Ann , Photos-Jones Effie , Roberts Julie
Published: March 2022

Excavations in 1991 beside Loth Road, Sanday (NGR: HY 60553 34489), revealed a funerary site, including two cists, which contained cremated human bone, and several pits. The cremation burial in one of the cists was contained in a soapstone vessel. These features presented evidence for the sorting, selection and differential deposition of pyre remains. The cists and pits were surmounted by a kerbed cairn of unusual construction. Radiocarbon dates from the pits placed the site in the Early to Middle Bronze Age.