bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Implicit Taxes of U.S. Domestic and Multinational Firms during the Past Quarter Century
Authors: Chyz James A. , Luna LeAnn , Smith Hannah E.
Published: January 2021

Dyreng et al. (2017) find that the effective tax rates for both foreign and domestic firms have been steadily decreasing during recent decades and that multinational firms (MNEs) do not have a tax advantage relative to domestic firms. This paper extends this research and examines implicit taxes for MNEs relative to domestic firms. We find evidence that implicit taxes are approximately 32 percent lower for MNEs. We exploit differences in the exposure to various market frictions to help explain how MNEs could have lower implicit taxes than domestic firms. We find that MNEs face less competition, operate in countries with higher unemployment rates, use patents more frequently, tend to have more global supply chains, and are more vertically integrated when compared to domestic firms. We also find that firms with relatively higher product concentration and relatively lower product similarity exhibit approximately 35 percent lower implicit taxes.
Prognostic Factors of Fatal and Nonfatal Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: The Role of Renal Function Biomarkers
Authors: Roumeliotis Stefanos , Liakopoulos Vassilios , Roumeliotis Athanasios , Stamou Aikaterini , Panagoutsos Stylianos , D’Arrigo Graziella , Tripepi Giovanni
Published: January 2021

In this study, 158 patients with different degrees of renal function were followed for 7 years to assess the prognostic value of various risk factors, including carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) and biomarkers of renal function, for incident cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes. The investigators found that estimated glomerular filtration rate, albuminuria, and history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) can be used for prognosis of CVD, whereas cIMT adds little to the accuracy of this prediction.
Comparison of Two Electronic Systems for Obtaining Diabetes Care Indicators in Clinical Practice
Authors: Almeda-Valdes Paloma , Antonio-Villa Neftali Eduardo , Rodríguez-Dávila Fátima M. , Palma-Moreno B. Geovani , Gómez-Pérez Francisco J. , Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A. , García-Ulloa Ana Cristina , Hernández-Jiménez Sergio
Published: January 2021

We compared the completeness of data captured by physicians in a diabetes outpatient clinic using a general electronic health record system versus one that was specifically geared to diabetes. Use of a diabetes-oriented data system was found to allow for greater capture of crucial variables required for diabetes care than a general electronic record and was well accepted by health care providers.
Focus on the Positive: A Qualitative Study of Positive Experiences Living With Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Carrier Molly A. , Beverly Elizabeth A.
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this study was to identify positive experiences associated with diabetes from the perspective of adults diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes. We conducted in-depth face-to-face and telephone interviews with adults with diabetes. Participants focused on positive and supportive experiences with their peers and community, improved health behaviors, personal growth, and engagement in diabetes advocacy. Communicating positive experiences about diabetes may help clinicians and educators reframe the negative messages commonly shared with people with diabetes.
Changes in Albuminuria Predict Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes: A Post Hoc Analysis of the LEADER Trial
Authors: Persson Frederik , Bain Stephen C , Mosenzon Ofri , Heerspink Hiddo J.L. , Mann Johannes F. E. , Pratley Richard , Raz Itamar , Idorn Thomas , Rasmussen Søren , Scholten Bernt Johan von , Rossing Peter , Investigators the LEADER Trial
Published: January 2021

OBJECTIVE

A post hoc analysis to investigate the association between 1-year changes in albuminuria and subsequent risk of
cardiovascular and renal events.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

LEADER was a randomized
trial of liraglutide up to 1.8 mg/day versus placebo added to standard care for
3.5–5 years, in 9,340 participants with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular
risk. We calculated change in urinary
albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) from
baseline to 1 year in participants with >30% reduction (N=2,928), 30–0% reduction N=1,218)
or any increase in UACR (N=4,124)
irrespective of treatment. Using Cox regression, risks of major adverse
cardiovascular events (MACE) and a
composite nephropathy outcome (from 1 year to end of trial in subgroups by baseline UACR [<30
mg/g, 30–300 mg/g or ≥300 mg/g]) were assessed. The analysis was adjusted for treatment allocation alone as a fixed
factor and for baseline variables associated with cardiovascular and renal
outcomes.

RESULTS

For
MACE, hazard ratios (HRs) for those with >30% and 30%–0% UACR reduction were
0.82 (95% CI 0.71–0.94; P=0.006)
and 0.99 (0.82–1.19; P=0.912), respectively, compared with any increase in UACR (reference). For the composite nephropathy outcome, respective
HRs (95% CI) were 0.67 (0.49–0.93; P=0.02) and 0.97 (0.66–1.43; P=0.881). Results were independent
of baseline UACR and consistent in both treatment groups. After adjustment, HRs
were significant and consistent in >30% reduction subgroups with baseline micro-
or macroalbuminuria.

CONCLUSIONS

A reduction in albuminuria during the first year was associated with fewer cardiovascular and renal
outcomes, independent of treatment.
Albuminuria monitoring remains an important part of diabetes care, with great
unused potential.
Sero-Prevalence of Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia in Goats in Afgoye District Lower Shabelle Region, Somalia
Authors: Mohamed Abdi Omar
Published: January 2021

Background: Contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP), caused by Mycoplasma capricolum subsp. Capripneumoniae (Mccp), is one of the most important goat diseases causing high morbidity and mortality, these results in heavy economic losses to countries like Somalia, which is a country affected the civil war of the 1990s. Objective: Generally, the disease presence has been reported in the country. However, there is no quantitative data on the prevalence and distribution of the disease has been scientifically reported in the country. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2019 to June 2020 in three villages of Afgoye district of Somalia to assess the seroprevalence and identify the associated risk factors for the occurrence of the CCPP. The risk factors considered included sex, age, and locations. Results: A total of 100 blood samples were collected and evaluated by Capri-Latex Agglutination Test (Capri-LAT). A total of 49/100 (49%, CI 95%: (38.86%-59.2%) goats were seropositive for anti-CCPP antibody. The epidemiological risk factors considered, sex, age and locations, were not significantly associated with the CCPP sero prevalence (p>0.05). However, the sero positivity was slightly higher in female (51%, 95% CI: 39.8-62.6), >3 years old goats (86.3%, 95% CI: 48.9-87.4) and Markazka village (56%, 95% CI: 41.3-70.0) compared to male (40%, 95% CI: 19.1-63.9), 1-3 years old (57.5%, 95% CI: 40.9- 73.0), and Shareeco (43.8%, 95% CI: 19.8-70.1) and Siinka (41.2%, 95% CI: 24.7-59.3) villages, respectively. Conclusion: The present study indicates the prevalence of CCPP in the studies areas and this requires practicable measures to be put in place towards the control of the disease.
Effect of Gastrointestinal Nematodes on Reproduction and Lamb Growth in Australian Merino Sheep
Authors: Z Hernández-Russo
Published: January 2021

Environmental conditions in Uruguay favour the development of gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN) throughout the year, with clinical or subclinical manifestations that cause significant economic losses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the GIN on fertility, fecundity, reproductive rate and lamb growth in Australian Merino sheep grazing on basalt fields. The study was carried out in a farm located in north of Uruguay. Sixty-eight Merino ewes facing a natural parasite challenge were divided into two groups. Control group was doused with active anthelmintic that have proven efficacy to minimize the effects of parasitic and the parasitized group that did not receive anthelmintic, except rescue dosages. Stool sample of each sheep was collected monthly for egg counts (EPG) of GIN using McMaster technique and nematode genders were identified from infective larvae obtained in cultures by Roberts O’ Sullivan technique. Artificial insemination and ewes were mated for new service, and pregnancy condition was diagnosed by ultrasound. Lambing control was made and lambs were weighed at birth and marking. The evolution of EPG values showed significant differences between groups at the end of gestation and lactation. Haemonchus spp. was the main gender of nematodes found, followed by Trichostrongylus spp. Fertility was 95 % versus 90 %; fecundity 87 % versus 63 % and reproductive rate 73 % versus 47 % for the control group and the parasitized one respectively. No significant differences were recorded in birth-weight. However market-weight and lamb daily gain were lower in the parasitized group. The effect of natural infection GIN was evident in lower reproductive performance of Australian Merino sheep.
Penerapan Pembelajaran Berbasis Stem untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar IPA Peserta Didik
Authors: Wahyuni Ni Putu
Published: January 2021

Ilmu pengetahuan alam (IPA) merupakan salah satu pendorong utama munculnya kemajuan iIlmu pengetahuan dan teknologi yang wajib dikuasai oleh peserta didik untuk menyesuaikan diri  dengan pengembangan keterampilan abad 21. Namun pada kenyataannya ditemukan hasil belajar peserta didik terutama di bidang IPA yang masih sangat rendah. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan hasil pengamatan yang dilakukan di kelas VIII D di SMP Negeri 2 Gianyar, yaitu 44,26 pada perolehan nilai rata-rata peserta didik pada penilaian harian pertama di awal semester ganjil dan lebih dari 85% peserta didik belum mencapai ketuntasan belajar. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan penerapan pembelajaran berbasis STEM dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA peserta didik di SMPN 2 Gianyar Tahun Pelajaran 2018/2019. Penelitian ini dibatasi hanya pada penerapan pembelajaran berbasis STEM dalam meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA peserta didik. Penelitian ini merupakan Penelitain Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang dilaksanakan dalam 2 siklus, setiap siklus dilakukan penerapan dengan pembelajaran berbasis STEM. Hasil penelitian pembelajaran berbasis STEM dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar IPA peserta didik di kelas VIII D semester ganjil di SMP Negeri 2 Gianyar tahun pelajaran 2018/2019. Hasilnya sebagai berikut: pada awal pengamatan nilai rata-ratanya hanya 44,26, pada siklus I menjadi 75,44 dan siklus II naik menjadi secara signifikan menjadi 92,65. Daya serap dan Ketuntasan Hasil belajar pada pengamatan awal (observasi) sebelum dilakukan tindakan adalah 44,26% dan 14,71%, siklus I menunjukkan daya serap dan ketuntasan kelas menjadi adalah 75,44% dan 76,47% yang berada pada kategori sangat tinggi sedang pada siklus II daya serap dan ketuntasan kelas meningkat pesat menjadi 92,65% dan 100%, maknanya secara klasikal penerapan pembelajaran berbasis STEM dapat meningkatkan rata-rata nilai IPA peserta didik kelas VIII di SMP Negeri 2 Gianyar.
Functional Constipation Frequency in Children Diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Günay Çağatay , Civan Hasret Ayyıldız , Yılmaz Semra , Taşkın Didem Gülcü
Published: January 2021

Aim: In our study, we aimed to determine the frequency of functional constipation in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorders by child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health.Materials and Methods: Between September 2017 and September 2018, children with autism spectrum disorder who applied to BakırköySadiKonuk Education and Research Hospital Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic were evaluated by means of childhood autism rating scale (CARS). A total of 108 patients were evaluated with the Roman IV criteria and the frequency of functional constipation was investigated.Results: A total of 108 cases, 87% (n = 94) male and 13% (n = 14) female, were studied. The ages of the patients were between 2 and 15 years and the mean age was 6.89 ± 2.76. Organic constipation was not detected in patients with constipation and all of them were diagnosed as functional constipation. There was no statistically significant difference between the rates of functional constipation in cases according to gender. The incidence of functional constipation in males was significantly higher in patients with severe autism than in those with mild to moderate autism. “Two or fewer defecations in the toilet per week” criteria was found significantly higher in girls than in boys. No significant difference was found for the other five criteria according to gender. Each of the six criteria of the Rome IV criteria were found to be significantly higher in patients with severe autism than those with mild to moderate autism according to CARS scores. One of the Roman IV criteria, “History of large diameter stools that may obstruct the toilet” was found significantly higher in patients aged nine years and older. No significant correlation was found between the other criteria and age groups.Conclusion: All of the six criteria of the Roman IV criteria were significantly higher in cases with severe autism according to CARS, compared to those with mild to moderate autism.
The Influence of Family Support and Self Esteem of the Drug Abuse Prevention on Senior High School
Authors: Anggraini Zelmi , Mudjiran Mudjiran , Firman Firman
Published: January 2021

The aims of the study are to analyse influence of family support and self esteem on the prevention of drug abuse. The method of the study is quantitative method, using descriptive type. The population of the study are 2453 students, they are from senior high school of SMAN 1, 2, and 5 South Bengkulu, the sample are 301 students which is choose using proportional stratified random sampling technique, and the instrument used was questionnaire. The result of the study states that there is a significant relationship of family support and self esteem of the drug abuse prevention senior high school of SMAN 1, 2, and 5 South Bengkulu are 10,6%. The implication of the study can be use for making counseling quidance program of SMAN 1, 2, and 5 South Bengkulu.
Caracterización de los Aceites Esenciales del Pinus oocarpa por Cromatografia de Gases-Espectrometría De Masas (Gc-Ms) Aceites Esenciales by Gc-Ms
Authors: Sarria Villa Rodrigo Andrés , Gallo Corredor José Antonio , Urbano Frankly
Published: January 2021

En el departamento del Cauca existen más de 1400 hectáreas de bosques de pino, cultivados con fines madereros. La especie Pinus oocarpa entre otros es una de las coníferas más cultivadas, su follaje contiene cierta cantidad de aceites esenciales, los cuales son usados en la industria cosmética y farmacéutica principalmente. La extracción de estos aceites se realiza por arrastre con vapor de agua con el fin de obtener las fracciones más volátiles. En este trabajo se realizó la extracción del aceite esencial del follaje de Pinus Oocarpa empleando arrastre de vapor de agua. Para la caracterización del aceite, se realizaron pruebas espectroscópicas y fisicoquímicas tales como densidad, índice de refracción, solubilidad y punto de ebullición con el fin de determinar y establecer características del aceite esencial obtenido. Mediante cromatografía de gases con detector FID se determinó el tiempo de retención del α-pineno y finalmente la cuantificación del analito (0.252%), la espectrometría de masas permitió corroborar la presencia de α-pineno en el aceite esencial e identificar otros compuestos presentes.
The development of high impact national and regional journals in medicine and the health sciences
Authors: Rew David A.
Published: January 2021

The international academic journal publishing landscape is complex and in continuous flux. Many Russian editors and publishers wish to bring their journals into the global mainstream and to develop internationally competitive profiles for their work. Bibliometric citation systems are one means by which the quality of journals, of articles and researchers, can be assessed, referenced and compared. Scopus and the Web of Science are two major and respected quality assurance systems for global publishing, within which many academic journals seek formal listings. These listings help develop a wider international profi for any journal. They also provide valuable data through which journals can benchmark their performance against all other journals in any subject fi In turn, this information helps to stimulate competition and quality improvement across the entire academic journal ecosystem.

Scopus provides a transparent and continually evolving evaluation and feedback system for journals seeking a listing and those journals that have already been listed within Scopus. An application for a Scopus listing is a process through which a journal is evaluated by several quantitative and qualitative criteria against global benchmarks. A successful listing can sometimes require a series of strategic insights and developments by editors and publishers over several years.

In this article, Dr David Rew, a practising clinician and the Subject Chair for Medicine to the Scopus Content Selection Advisory Board since 2009, distils the experience of evaluation of more than 2000 Medical and Health Sciences journals to guide as to what features and strategies give academic journals a better chance of long term success in the competitive world of global academic publishing.
Promotion of leading universities journals: Comparison, practice, opportunities
Authors: Kazimirchik Luidmila V. , Grishakina Ekaterina G. , Polikhina Nadezhda A. , Trostyanskaya Irina B.
Published: January 2021

The article is the result of the second stage of the study devoted to the analysis of the relationship between state support for universities within the framework of Project 5-100 and the effectiveness of promoting scientific journals affiliated with this group of universities, including through international scientometric databases. As part of the presented study, a comparative analysis of the indicators of the journals of universities participating in Project 5-100 and journals affiliated with universities supported by the academic excellence initiatives of Germany, China and Japan, as well as with leading universities in the United Kingdom and the USA, was carried out. In the course of the study, the factors that influence the increase in the visibility of journals for the scientific community and the quality of journals were identified. One of the results of the study is confirmation that the universities of Project 5-100 pay more attention to promoting their affiliated journals in the scientific and educational community, including through indexing in international scientometric databases, than foreign universities, which are also supported within the framework of some national excellence initiatives. The Scopus data show that an increase in the effectiveness of promoting the journals of universities that are supported within the framework of initiatives of academic excellence in international databases is not typical / characteristic to a much lesser extent for journals of universities that are participants in the corresponding initiatives of Germany, China and Japan. It is concluded that the results achieved by the universities participating in Project 5-100 are largely due to government support and inclusion in the Project as a mandatory event to promote journals in international scientometric databases.
Competencies for a Classroom Teacher to Support Gifted Students in the Regular Classroom: A Qualitative Research
Authors: AKAR İbrahim
Published: January 2021

The purpose of this research was to research and reveal the competencies for classroom teachers to support gifted students in the regular classrooms. In order to achieve this main purpose, researcher conducted a case study and an action research of the qualitative research design, respectively. Participants of the study were five classroom teachers, their gifted students, parents of the gifted, school administrators and other classroom and elementary school teachers. Unstructured interviews, observations, focus group interviews, documents and products used to collect data during the case study and action research phases. Approximately 44 hours of interviews, 70 course hours of observations and 311 documents and/or products collected during case study and action research processes. Content analysis and descriptive analysis were run to analyze the data. Calculated inter-coder reliability coefficient for content analysis was found to be .78. Overall analysis revealed thirty-four competencies under eight different competency areas on four different stages. Findings were discussed with regard to related literature and recommendations for practitioners and for further research were presented.
Alteridade e interculturalidade na escola: um estudo etnográfico sobre estudantes bolivianos em São Paulo
Authors: Silva Gondin Janaina , Mosca Pinezi Ana Keila , De Menezes Marilda Aparecida
Published: January 2021

No início do século 21, a questão das migrações externas no Brasil voltou à cena. Na cidade de São Paulo, destaca-se a imigração boliviana, que tem mantido seu fluxo de entrada há algumas décadas e fomentado a matrícula de estrangeiros em escolas públicas da região. Considerando a importância da presença de alunos bolivianos na rede municipal de ensino de São Paulo, o objetivo deste artigo é analisar como ocorrem as relações entre estudantes bolivianos e educadores e entre aqueles e seus pares no ambiente de uma escola pública. Foi escolhida uma escola municipal de ensino fundamental situada no bairro da Mooca, zona leste da capital paulista, a qual contava com uma quantidade considerável de crianças bolivianas no ciclo de alfabetização. A metodologia utilizada foi o estudo etnográfico com observação participante. Também foram realizadas entrevistas com educadores da escola. Os principais pontos trabalhados neste estudo foram questões relacionadas à discriminação, ao preconceito e à essencialização de identidades em um espaço em que a interculturalidade não é promovida, apesar da diversidade cultural. A análise dos dados foi feita à luz da teoria social no que se refere à diversidade cultural, interculturalidade e alteridade. Ao final, conclui-se que a instituição escolar deve construir práticas de integração de diferentes matrizes culturais.
Os três componentes executivos básicos e o desempenho matemático escolar
Authors: Nunes de Santana Alanny , Roazzi Antonio , Melo Monilly Ramos Araujo
Published: January 2021

As Funções Executivas (FE) são importantes preditoras do desempenho acadêmico. Quanto à composição das FE, o modelo da tríade executiva – Memória de Trabalho (MT), Controle Inibitório (CI) e Flexibilidade Cognitiva (FC) – é um dos mais explorados na atualidade. Considerando esse modelo e sua relação com o desempenho matemático escolar, pode-se afirmar a inexistência de dados empíricos que permitam inferir qual componente apresenta maior valor preditivo sobre esse desempenho. Portanto, objetivou-se com o presente estudo quantitativo verificar quais componentes executivos mais se associam ao desempenho matemático e qual é a magnitude dessa relação. Avaliaram-se 110 participantes com idades entre 8 e 12 anos, de escolas públicas e privadas, a partir dos instrumentos Mini-Exame do Estado Mental (Meem), Roteiro para Sondagem de Habilidades Matemáticas (Coruja Promat), Instrumento de Avaliação Neuropsicológica Breve Infantil (Neupsilin-INF), Five Digit Test (FDT) e questionário sociodemográfico. Os resultados das análises estatísticas de correlação e regressão empreendidas revelaram relações significativas entre os três componentes e o desempenho em matemática, com forte predominância da MT, seguida da FC e do CI.
Modelos de valor agregado no ensino superior: uma contextualização histórica da experiência brasileira
Authors: Duarte Couto Fernandes Vivian , José Miranda Gilberto , Alexander Nicola
Published: January 2021

A avaliação da qualidade das escolas tem sido objeto de pesquisas de economistas, educadores, formuladores de políticas e vários stakeholders em todo o mundo. No Brasil, o Sistema Nacional de Avaliação do Ensino Superior (Sinaes) é uma iniciativa que busca avaliar os programas de graduação do País, seus professores e o desempenho dos estudantes, além de fornecer indicadores de qualidade que explicam a diferença entre esses programas. Um deles é o Indicador de Diferença entre Desempenhos Observado e Esperado (IDD), que mede a contribuição de um programa de graduação para o desempenho dos seus estudantes. Desde 2006, os legisladores vêm mudando a metodologia de cálculo do referido indicador,buscando aprimorá-la como uma medida precisa do valor agregado. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo discutir essas alterações e seus impactos no ranking dos cursos de graduação em Contabilidade no Brasil. Um design quantitativo foi utilizado para testar quatro modelos de valor agregado registrados nos históricos do IDD e para identificar o impacto dessas mudanças metodológicas. A amostra foi composta por 30.668 estudantes de 911 cursos de Ciências Contábeis. Os resultados mostram que o modelo atual é mais preciso do que os anteriores. No entanto, tanto a literatura quanto os resultados indicam que o modelo pode ser aprimorado com a introdução de variáveis explicativas para o desempenho acadêmico que não podem ser controladas por instituições de ensino superior. O IDD ainda é inadequado porque considera todas as instituições e todos os estudantes como iguais.
Educação superior e universidade na América Latina: perspectivas temáticas para debates e pesquisas
Authors: Caregnato Célia Elizabete , Santin Dirce Maria , Del Valle Dámian , Didriksson Takayanagui Axel
Published: January 2021

Educação superior e universidade são temas de amplo interesse no mundo todo e reúnem esforços de múltiplos agentes e disciplinas. Com base nas configurações do campo da educação superior e nos debates da Cátedra Unesco Universidad e Integración Regional, este artigo analisa os temas emergentes na América Latina, com ênfase nas realidades nacionais da Argentina, do México e do Brasil. Com abordagem ensaística, discute os temas relevantes para os três países e aponta os desafios para o debate político e para a investigação acadêmica na terceira década do milênio. A metodologia utilizada para a discussão ensaística contou com revisão da literatura e com o tratamento dos casos nacionais. A literatura e os estudos indicam que a educação superior é um campo emergente na região, com importantes avanços que resultam da interlocução de esforços acadêmicos e políticos. Enquanto a noção de educação superior como direito ganha força na Argentina, o México busca a universalização da educação superior frente a um contexto de desigualdades e, no Brasil, convivem preocupações com a autonomia universitária e as barreiras para a expansão do acesso à educação superior. As reflexões são diversas e indicam um campo fértil para a pesquisa, o debate político e as políticas públicas em educação superior na América Latina.
Ações afirmativas na educação
Authors: Toubia Ariane Andréia Teixeira , Lima Paulo Gomes
Published: January 2021

O Brasil é um país historicamente marcado pela segregação racial e pelas diferenças sociais apesar de recente as discussões sobre o tema. As ações afirmativas, longe se ser uma formula mágica, buscam reparar algumas injustiças sociais e estabelecer condições de igualdade entre as pessoas. O presente trabalho tem o objetivo de discutir as ações afirmativas no Brasil voltadas para a área da educação e os resultados obtidos até o momento. É um estudo exploratório de cunho reflexivo. Após a redemocratização do país e da Constituição de 1988 uma série de eventos e debates em torno das ações afirmativas culminaram em leis que têm promovido o acesso às universidades para negros, índios e as classes sociais desfavorecidas em uma escala jamais vista, fato que demonstra os avanços das políticas públicas rumo à universidade para todos.
Bojayá: Una historia de olvido
Authors: Illera Cajiao Jorge , Olmedo Escobar Tatiana , Tobar Sánchez María Camila
Published: January 2021

El litigio estratégico, entendido como el manejo jurídico dado a un caso de alto impacto, con la finalidad de propiciar un cambio en la sociedad que vaya más allá del simple interés particular de quien ejerce la acción o hace uso de la respectiva institución jurídica, es una herramienta utilizada frecuentemente por las clínicas jurídicas con el propósito de mejorar las condiciones de un grupo poblacional que ha sido vulnerado en sus derechos.

El presente artículo se propone entonces dar cuenta de la labor que está desarrollando el Grupo de Acciones Públicas (GAPI) en conjunto con el Centro de Estudios Afrodiaspóricos (CEAF), ambos de la Universidad Icesi, a partir del acercamiento de este último Centro con la población étnica afrodescendiente habitante del municipio de Bojayá y especialmente con el grupo de lideresas que habitan su cabecera municipal Bellavista, con la finalidad de otorgar voz y visibilidad a la comunidad directamente afectada por la masacre perpetrada en mayo del año 2002. Con la intervención del GAPI, el CEAF busca obtener a través del trabajo de clínicas jurídicas, una alternativa y reivindicación de los derechos de dicha comunidad, a través del litigio de alto impacto ante el Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos (SIDH), con la finalidad de conseguir no solamente el cumplimiento de las medidas de reparación y de restitución prometidas por el Estado colombiano a lo largo de los años, sino también saldar la deuda histórica a través de la protección colectiva y diferenciada de tal grupo poblacional.

Dicho trabajo implica un esfuerzo interdisciplinario que conjuga un análisis tanto jurídico, como sociológico, atendiendo a las cualidades étnicoraciales de aquellas comunidades y la necesidad de emplear el enfoque diferencial e interseccional que estas merecen, visibilizando el desplazamiento forzado como un fenómeno que afecta de manera desproporcionada a las comunidades habitantes de la subregión del Atrato en el departamento del Chocó, las cuales históricamente han estado en medio de la confluencia de los actores del conflicto armado, sin ser parte de este.
El urbanismo sin interés social
Authors: López Vergara Juliana
Published: January 2021

La identidad de un ciudadano se construye; las circunstancias que lo rodean y el entorno en el que crece lo forman, lo sincronizan con el espacio en que habita, incluyendo a las personas con las que convive y, de esa manera, se siente un miembro de la ciudad, con las costumbres y visiones que tiene de ese entorno. Una relación que ha de ser entendida como parte de las distintas dinámicas de vivencia que se practican dentro de la ciudad y en tanto eso, ha de ser respetada. Las comunidades desde su consolidación se han encaminado a gestionar proyectos en virtud de resolver las necesidades y problemáticas que dentro de esta se vivan. Y es así como al buscar la mayor eficiencia y lo más apropiado para esta, se construye la identidad de los sujetos, de acuerdo con la forma en que la sociedad donde se desarrollan soluciona los conflictos.
Cine y violencia. Narrativas con rostro de mujer en la película Alias María
Authors: Olascuagas C. Claudia Marcela , Zapata Suárez Paola Andrea
Published: January 2021

En las últimas décadas, el cine colombiano ha concentrado gran parte de sus esfuerzos en la visibilización del conflicto armado y la realidad que vive el país. El estudio del fenómeno de la violencia por medio del cine, permite que emerja desde la pantalla un conglomerado de categorías, así como espectadores que, con los relatos contados con imágenes y sonidos permite el florecimiento de otras maneras de ver y entender lo que pasa en el país. Solo que la realidad no está mediada por una historia continua o un relato continuo como estamos acostumbrados a leer, sino una realidad discontinua que se teje con base en los relatos, la memoria y experiencias de los sujetos que han interactuado y se nos presenta en un plano de tiempo en presente, pero que puede ir más allá del tiempo.
ÖĞRETMEN ALGILARINA GÖRE OKUL YÖNETİCİLERİNİN ETİK LİDERLİK ÖZELLİKLERİNİN ÖRGÜTSEL SİNİZME ETKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: ZENGİN Tuğba , ARPACI Önder
Published: January 2021

: Bu çalışmada öğretmen algılarına göre okul yöneticilerinin etik liderlik özellikleri ile örgütsel sinizm arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir. İlişkisel tarama modeline göre yapılan araştırma kapsamında İstanbul ili Beşiktaş ilçesinde 2018-2019 eğitim öğretim yılında görev yapan 328 öğretmene Etik Liderlik Ölçeği (Yılmaz, 2005) ve Örgütsel Sinizm Ölçeği (Kasalak ve Bilgin Aksu, 2014) uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizi ölçeklerin boyutlarına göre de analiz yapılmıştır. Öncelikle verilerin normallik varsayımları kontrol edilmiştir. Varsayımların karşılandığı durumlarda cinsiyet değişkeninde t testi, kıdem ve okulda çalışma süresi değişkeninde tek yönlü varyans analizi ve etik liderlik ile örgütsel sinizm arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek için pearson korelasyon katsayısı kullanılmıştır. Varsayıların karşılanmadığı durumlarda ise cinsiyet değişkeninde Mann Whitney U testi; kıdem ve okulda çalışma süresi değişkeninde Kruskal Wallis testi, etik liderlik ile örgütsel sinizm arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemek için spearman korelasyon katsayısı kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre okul yöneticilerinin etik liderlik özellikleri ve örgütsel sinizm arasında cinsiyet, kıdem ve okulda çalışma değişkenlerinde anlamlı bir fark yokken; iki değişken arasında bir ilişki tespit edilmemiştir.
FEN LABORATUVARI KULLANIMINA YÖNELİK ÖZ YETERLİK ÖLÇEĞİ: GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİK ÇALIŞMASI
Authors: KIZKAPAN Oktay , SAYLAN KIRMIZIGÜL Aslı
Published: January 2021

Bu çalışmada fen bilimleri öğretmen adaylarının fen laboratuvarı kullanımına ilişkin öz yeterliklerinin belirlenmesine yönelik geçerliği ve güvenirliği sağlanmış bir ölçek geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma, 2019-2020 öğretim yılının güz döneminde Kayseri ve Nevşehir’de bulunan iki üniversitenin Fen Bilgisi Öğretmenliği lisans programının 3. ve 4. sınıflarında öğrenim görmekte olan 194 (166 kadın ve 28 erkek) öğrencinin katılımı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Alanyazın taraması sonucunda oluşturulan 66 soruluk bir madde havuzu oluşturulmuştur. Uzman değerlendirilmesi sonucu madde sayısı 38’e indirilmiştir. Bu 38 soru fen bilgisi öğretmenliği öğretmen adaylarına uygulanmıştır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliği kapsamında açımlayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmıştır. Faktör analizi sonucunda ölçeğin dört faktörlü bir yapıda olduğu görülmüştür. Bu faktörler fen laboratuvarı araç gereçlerini kullanabilme, bilimsel süreç basamaklarını uygulayabilme, fen deneylerini bağımsız olarak gerçekleştirebilme ve fen laboratuvarında kriz yönetimi becerisi şeklinde isimlendirilmiştir. Daha sonra doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yürütülmüş ve bu faktör yapısı doğrulanmıştır (χ2/ sd = 566.288/ 318 < 3, GFI= 0.833, CFI= IFI= 0.90, RMSEA= 0.064). Geçerlik analizinin ardından güvenirlik analizi yürütülmüştür. Ölçeğin tamamı için Cronbach alfa güvenirlik katsayısı 0.85 olarak bulunmuştur. Alt boyutlara ait Cronbach alfa güvenirlik katsayıları ise sırasıyla 0.78, 0.73, 0.68 ve 0.59 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Sonuç olarak hazırlanan ölçeğin geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olduğu yorumu yapılmıştır.
Conjunctive and Disjunctive Limits: Abstract Logics and Modal Operators
Authors: Costa-Leite Alexandre , de Souza Edelcio G.
Published: January 2021

Departing from basic concepts in abstract logics, this paper introduces two concepts: conjunctive and disjunctive limits. These notions are used to formalize levels of modal operators.
A Note on Intended and Standard Models
Authors: Pogonowski Jerzy
Published: January 2021

This note discusses some problems concerning intended, standard, and nonstandard models of mathematical theories. We pay attention to the role of extremal axioms in attempts at a unique characterization of the intended models. We recall also Jan Woleński’s views on these issues.
The Normative Permission and Legal Utterances
Authors: Zirk-Sadowski Marek
Published: January 2021

The author proves that rejecting the existence of permissive norms and limitation of norms to prohibitions and commands alone is possible only with reducing the idea of a function. The essence of the function is then the ability of the expression to generate independently the universal norm formation. Such manipulation is easy on the level of logical analysis, but proves risky from other points of view. If we want the deontic logic, which we construct, to consider the fact that permission is pragmatically necessary for the law-maker to convey his normative preferences, we must solve the consequences of the adopted structure of the function of norms, which originate on the socio-linguistic level. It appears, however, that due to a lack of a pragmatic theory useful for lawyers, there is no proof that the pragmatically strong permission can be expressed by means of a lot of prohibitions and commands (dos and don’ts). Besides, reducing permissions only to the language of legal rules is an obligation to accept the structure of an act of communication, which can find its full motivation in the Husserl’s structure of the direct cognition.
PENCARIAN POSISI PERAN ANGGOTA PERSIT: PENELITIAN TENTANG ISTRI TNI YANG BEKERJA
Authors: Muthia Tania , Hadiwirawan Olivia
Published: January 2021

Peran ganda perempuan seringkali dikaitkan dengan pembahasan mengenai istri yang menjadi ibu rumah tangga dan pekerja. Kedua peran tersebut mewakili konsep lingkungan dalam skema peran ganda, yakni peran domestik dan publik. Perempuan yang memiliki peran ganda dalam penelitian ini adalah istri tentara. Bergabung dengan organisasi yang disebut Persit (Persatuan Istri Tentara) menjadi hal yang wajib bagi para istri tentara. Istri tentara perlu menghadiri rapat bulanan, memberdayakan anggota Persit yang lain, dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi peran pada istri tentara yang bekerja dalam skema peran ganda. Data kualitatif dikumpulkan menggunakan wawancara semi-terstruktur dengan tiga anggota Persit yang juga bekerja sebagai pegawai negeri, guru, dan pendeta. Analisis tematik digunakan untuk menganalisa data. Penelitian ini menemukan tiga tema utama: Rumah Ranah Istri, Pemain ke-12, dan Jaminan Masa Depan. Secara singkat, keluarga dan menjadi pendukung bagi suami adalah hal yang paling penting. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa istri tentara memiliki dua peran domestik, yakni peran ibu rumah tangga dan peran Persit. Hasil penelitian ini dapatmenjadi bahan refleksi bagi istri tentara untuk menyadari peran ganda serta peran paling sentral yang dimiliki. Hal ini dapat membantu istri tentara dalam pengelolaan peran ganda.
TINGKAT PEMUJAAN SELEBRITI PADA KOMUNITAS PENGGEMAR K-POP DI ACEH
Authors: Maulida Alissa , Viridanda Wida Yulia , Nisa Haiyun , Sari Novita
Published: January 2021

Pemujaaan selebriti adalah bentuk dari hubungan satu arah yang terjadi terhadap seseorang dan tokoh idolanya, yang membuat seseorang menjadi terobsesi terhadap selebriti idolanya tersebut. Hadirnya budaya korea di Aceh terlihat dari kemunculan komunitas penggemar idola dari Korea, berbentuk akun fanbase sampai komunitas yang melakukan aktivitas bersama secara langsung. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkatan pemujaan selebriti pada komunitas penggemar K-Pop di Aceh, serta faktor sosiodemografi apa saja yang memengaruhi pemujaan selebriti. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Teknik penentuan sampel menggunakan sampling jenuh, yaitu 300 anggota yang bergabung di komunitas BTS Army (193) dan EXOL (107) Aceh. Pemujaan selebriti diukur menggunakan The Celebrity Attitude Scale (CAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemujaan selebriti pada kedua komunitas berada pada berbagai tingkatan, yaitu 34,2% berada di tingkat pemujaan selebriti tinggi (Borderline-Pathological), 33.9% berada di tingkat pemujaan selebriti sedang (Intense-Personal), dan 31.9% berada di tingkat pemujaan selebriti rendah (Entertainment-Social). Berdasarkan sosiodemografi pengisian skala, anggota komunitas lebih banyak berjenis kelamin perempuan, berada pada rentang usia remaja, mahasiswa, berstatus lajang, dan memiliki satu orang idola.
Orest A. Scarlato – scientist and organizer of science: on the 100th anniversary of his birth (1920–1994)
Authors: Smirnov Alexey V.
Published: January 2021

В статье описана биография, научная и научно-организационная работа академика Ореста Александровича Скарлато (1920–1994) – зоолога и гидробиолога, специалиста по двустворчатым моллюскам, с 1975 по 1994 гг. возглавлявшего Зоологический институт АН СССР/РАН. Ключевые слова: О.А. Скарлато, биография, история малакологии. The article describes the biography, scientific and scientific-organizational work of the Academician Orest Alexandrovich Scarlato (1920–1994), zoologist and hydrobiologist, specialist in bivalves, who headed the Zoological Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences/Russian Academy of Sciences from 1975 to 1994. Key words: O.A. Scarlato, biography, history of malacology.
Особенности экологии и жизненных циклов водных моллюсков Средней Азии
Authors: Izzatullaev Zuvaidullo I. , Ruzikulova Nilufar A.
Published: January 2021

Рассмотрены особенности экологии водных моллюсков Средней Азии. Представлены оригинальные сведения по биологии 45 видов брюхоногих и двустворчатых моллюсков. Обсуждается влияние на жизненные циклы этих видов температуры, кислородного режима, освещенности, продолжительности безводного периода. Показана прямая зависимость между размерами моллюсков и продолжительностью их жизни. Ключевые слова: Средняя Азия, брюхоногие, двустворчатые моллюски, экологические группы, жизненный цикл, продолжительность жизни, размножение, генерация. Ecological patterns of aquatic mollusks of Central Asia are discussed and reviewed. Original data on biology of 45 gastropod and bivalve species are presented. The effect of temperature, oxygen regime, illumination and duration of waterless periods on mollusk life cycles is discussed. A direct relationship has been shown between the size of molluscs and their lifespan. Key words: Central Asia, gastropods, bivalves, ecological groups, life cycle, lifespan, reproduction, generation.
Tellimya fujitaniana (Yokoyama, 1927) (Lasaeidae), a new species of bivalve mollusk for the fauna of Russia
Authors: Kolpakov Evgeny V.
Published: January 2021

Представлены сведения об обнаружении в зал. Петра Великого (северо-западная часть Японского моря) нового для фауны России вида двустворчатого моллюска Tellimya fujitaniana (Yokoyama, 1927) (Lasaeidae). Три живые особи с длиной раковины 3.9–6.2 мм собраны в 2003 и 2018 гг. в диапазоне глубин 17–28 м на илисто-песчаном грунте. Обобщены данные по экологии и ареалу данного вида. Ключевые слова: двустворчатый моллюск, Tellimya fujitaniana (Yokoyama, 1927), Lasaeidae, распространение, залив Петра Великого, Японское море. Information on finding in Peter the Great Bay (north-western part of the Sea of Japan) a new species of bivalve mollusk for the fauna of Russia, Tellimya fujitaniana (Yokoyama, 1927) (Lasaeidae), are presented. Three alive specimens with shell length 3.9–6.2 мм were collected in 2003 and 2018 at the depths of 17–28 m on muddy sand. Data on the ecology and geographical range of this species are summarized. Key words: bivalve mollusks, Tellimya fujitaniana (Yokoyama, 1927), Lasaeidae, distribution, Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan.
ОБЪЯСНИТЬ И ИСПРАВИТЬ: СЭЙМЭЙ, ЗНАТОК ТЕМНОГО И СВЕТЛОГО НАЧАЛ, В ПОУЧИТЕЛЬНЫХ РАССКАЗАХ СЭЦУВА
Authors: Коляда М.С.
Published: January 2021

Теме человеческого мастерства уделяется немало внимания в японских
сборниках поучительных рассказов сэцува. Во многих произведениях есть
специальные разделы, посвященные «искусствам», среди которых обыкновенно упоминается Путь Темного и Светлого начал, оммё:до:. Этот комплекс верований и практик являлся значимой частью повседневной культуры
Японии эпохи Хэйан, а самым знаменитым мастером-оммё:дзи был Абэ-но
Сэймэй (921‒1005), который в памяти культуры стал великим чародеем с
мифологизированной биографией. Между тем записи о Сэймэе в дневниках
современников свидетельствуют о его долгом и непростом пути к славе, и
в рассказах сэцува Сэймэй предстает прежде всего талантливым человеком
и мастером своего дела. В этих рассказах, помимо биографии знаменитого
оммё:дзи, отражены история развития оммё:до:, ритуалы знатоков Темного
и Светлого начал и различные аспекты бытовой культуры эпохи Хэйан.
Ключевые слова: Абэ Сэймэй, сэцува, оммё:до:, Кодзидан, Дзоку кодзидан,
японская литература

Human mastery is an important subject matter in medieval Japanese collections
of setsuwa tales. Plenty of collections contain special sections for the stories
focused on different arts among which we find onmyōdō, the way of yin and
yang. This set of beliefs and practices represented a significant part of the daily
life in Heian Japan. Among the most celebrated onmyōji is the figure of Abe-no
Seimei (921‒1005). Focusing on the tales that mention Seimei and his miracles,
the author makes an attempt to show that they are able to shed light not only on
Seimei’s biography and career path but also on the history, cultural scope and
meaning of onmyōdō itself.
Keywords: Abe Seimei, setsuwa tales, onmyōdō, Kojidan, Zoku Kojidan, Japanese
literature
УСТАВ ШПЕТ И «ФЕНОМЕНОЛОГИЯ ДУХА» ГЕГЕЛЯ: ФИЛОСОФСКО-МЕТОДОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ПЕРЕВОДА
Authors: Щедрина Т.Г.
Published: January 2021

В статье исследуются философско-методологические проблемы перевода
философской литературы на материале архивного перевода «Феноменологии духа» Гегеля, выполненного Г.Г. Шпетом. Обращаясь к архивным
документам, автор проводит сравнение опубликованного в 1959 г. текста
перевода и рукописного оригинала 1937 г. и выделяет особенности методологической позиции Г.Г. Шпета в отношении перевода философских сочинений, для которой характерны тщательный подбор контекстуально обусловленных эквивалентов для переводимых слов-понятий и нацеленность
на максимально бережное сохранение синтаксических конструкций и авторских оборотов.
Ключевые слова: методология, перевод, философия слова, интерпретация,
Г.Г. Шпет, Гегель, «Феноменология духа»

The article examines the philosophical and methodological aspects of translating
philosophical literature using the case of Gustav Shpet’s translation of Hegel’s
«The phenomenology of spirit». Referring to archival documents, the author
compares the translated text published in 1959 and the handwritten original of
1937 kept in Russian State Library and highlights the specific features of Shpet’s
methodological position concerning the translation of philosophical works. It is
characterized by the careful selection of contextually determined equivalents for
the translated concepts and the focus on the most careful preservation of original
syntactic structures and author’s phrases.
Keywords: methodology, translation, philosophy of a word, interpretation,
G.G. Shpet, Hegel, «The phenomenology of spirit»
Methodological aspects of managing the competitiveness of industrial enterprises in the modern economy
Authors: Pesotskaya Elena , Selyutina Larisa , Borodunova Victoria
Published: January 2021

The article examines the problem of developing the methodology of competition in the conditions of an innovatively active market, substantiates the need to search for new forms of competitive relations in industry with its active competitive regime. The authors present their vision of the formation of a methodological basis for managing the competitiveness of enterprises in the industrial sector of the economy from the position of the concept of interaction and contact management.