bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Foreign body response to synthetic polymer biomaterials and the role of adaptive immunity
Authors: Kyriakides Themis R , Kim Hyun-Je , Zheng Christy , Harkins Lauren , Tao Wanyun , Deschenes Emily
Published: February 2022

Implanted biomaterials elicit a series of distinct immune and repair-like responses that are collectively known as the foreign body reaction (FBR). These include processes involving innate immune inflammatory cells and wound repair cells that contribute to the encapsulation of biomaterials with a dense collagenous and largely avascular capsule. Numerous studies have shown that the early phase is dominated by macrophages that fuse to form foreign body giant cells that are considered a hallmark of the FBR. With the advent of more precise cell characterization techniques, specific macrophage subsets have been identified and linked to more or less favorable outcomes. Moreover, studies comparing synthetic- and natural-based polymer biomaterials have allowed the identification of macrophage subtypes that distinguish between fibrotic and regenerative responses. More recently, cells associated with adaptive immunity have been shown to participate in the FBR to synthetic polymers. This suggests the existence of cross-talk between innate and adaptive immune cells that depends on the nature of the implants. However, the exact participation of adaptive immune cells, such as T and B cells, remains unclear. In fact, contradictory studies suggest either the independence or dependence of the FBR on these cells. Here, we review the evidence for the involvement of adaptive immunity in the FBR to synthetic polymers with a focus on cellular and molecular components. In addition, we examine the possibility that such biomaterials induce specific antibody responses resulting in the engagement of adaptive immune cells.
The evolving roles of intensity and wet season timing in rainfall regimes surrounding the Red Sea
Authors: Haleakala Kayden , Yue Haowen , Alam Sarfaraz , Mitra Rouhin , Bushara Ageel I , Gebremichael Mekonnen
Published: February 2022

The Red Sea is surrounded by a diverse mixture of climates and is spanned by opposite hydrologic end-uses and geopolitical states. Unique water supply management challenges on both sides (related to agricultural and trans-boundary conflict in East Africa, and to groundwater depletion in the Arabian Peninsula) are made more severe by a rising demand, which underscores the importance of understanding shifts in rainfall supply to aid effective action. In this study, we characterize the relative importance of rainfall intensities to annual rainfall, the onset and duration of wet seasons, and the (statistically significant) trends in each of these over the region from 1981 through 2020 using daily gridded (0.05°) precipitation estimates. Results show that heavy rainfall (above 20 mm d−1) does not necessarily benefit annual totals, as the wettest regions are shaped by moderate (between 5 and 20 mm d−1) rainfall coupled with prolonged wet seasons. Observed trends in annual rainfall are underlain by interactions between shifting wet season lengths and rainfall intensities. Wet season length increases for 26% of the region, dampening the inherent drying resulting from shifts toward less-intense rainfall, and bolstering the inherent wetting from shifts toward more-intense rainfall. Regions shifting toward less- (more-)intense rainfall without an expanding wet season generally show negative (insignificant) rainfall trends. This reveals an important control that wet-day frequency has over wet-day intensity alone in shaping annual rainfall changes. We emphasize that the large-scale distribution of these shifts and their regional importance should punctuate cooperative efforts in sustainable resource management and transboundary governance.
Entanglement spectrum in general free fermionic systems
Authors: Bettelheim Eldad , Banerjee Aditya , Plenio Martin B , Huelga Susana F
Published: February 2022

The statistical mechanics characterization of finite subsystems embedded in an infinite system is a fundamental question of quantum physics. Nevertheless, a full closed form for all required entropic measures does not exist in the general case, even for free systems, when the finite system in question is composed of several disjoint intervals. Here we develop a mathematical framework based on the Riemann–Hilbert approach to treat this problem in the one-dimensional case where the finite system is composed of two disjoint intervals and in the thermodynamic limit (both intervals and the space between them contains an infinite number of lattice sites and the result is given as a thermodynamic expansion). To demonstrate the usefulness of our method, we compute the change in the entanglement and negativity spectra namely the spectrum of eigenvalues of the reduced density matrix with or without time reversal of one of the intervals. We do this in the case that the distance between the intervals is much larger than their size. The method we use can be easily applied to compute any power in an expansion in the ratio of the distance between the intervals to their size. We expect these results to provide the necessary mathematical apparatus to address relevant questions in concrete physical scenarios, namely the structure and extent of quantum correlations in fermionic systems subject to local environments.
Optimization of the sterilization method for leaf explant Robusta BP 308 coffee in vitro
Authors: Asmono S L , Wardana R , Rahmawati
Published: February 2022

The research aimed to know the optimal sterilizing agent for the success of the coffee callus inoculation from young leaf explant. This research was conducted at the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory for 2 months. The explants are used from young leaves of Robusta clones BP 308. This experiment used a nonfactorial completely randomized design with three sterilization methods and was repeated 10 times. The treatments tested were as follows Method 1: Fungicide 2 gr/L, Bactericide 2 gr/L, Erythromycin 4 gr/L (20 min); 70% alcohol (3 sec); NaOCl 0.525% (10 min); NaOCl 1.05% (10 min). Method 2: 70% alcohol (3 sec), 0.1% HgCL2 (5 min). Method 3: Fungicide 2 gr/L, Bactericide 2 gr/L, Erythromycin 4 gr/L (20 min); 70% alcohol (3 sec); NaOCl 0.525% (10 min); NaOCl 1.05% (10 min); 0.1% HgCL2 (5 min). The results showed that the sterilization method used suppressed the rate of bacterial and fungal contamination, but there was no significant difference between the methods. A very significant effect was seen in the percentage of browning explants. In sterilizing agent treatment 1, there was no browning explant, while the other methods caused browning to reach 62.5%. Browning also causes differences in callus regeneration ability. The explants which were sterilized in method 1 showed a high percentage of callus (85%) and were also appear to callus faster at 11 days after inoculation.
Optimization of Production Botanily Seeds (TSS) Shallot (Alliun cepa var. ascalonicum) Biru Lancor Variety through improvement of hand pollination in the lowland
Authors: Siswadi E , Pertami R R D , Nugroho S A
Published: February 2022

The productivity of shallots is influenced by bulb quality, disease, and low vigor characteristics, leading to many ideas for developing true shallot seed (TSS). TSS planting material advantage is the use of less seed, it can be said maintenance would be easier, minimization of seed-borne diseases, and has a fairly long shelf life compared to seed tubers. It is hoped that improved pollination through modification of Hand Artificial Pollination can replace or increase the success of flowers into fruit and be followed by the formation of true seeds or True Shallot Seed (TSS) of the biru lancor variety of red onion in the lowland. The research aims to analyze the treatment of Hand Artificial Pollination in replacing insect pollination in the production of true seed (TSS) of the lancor blue variety in the Lowlands. The research method was to prepare the bulbs of the biru lancor variety shallots given vernalization treatment by storing in the refrigerator (showcase) at temperatures of 5°C, 10°C, and room temperature for 4 weeks. Furthermore, the tuber seeds after undergoing vernalization are planted. Research results show vernalization with a temperature of 10°C has no significant effect compared to tubers without vernalization. Vernalization with 5°C temperature can increase flowering and fruit formation (number of umbels per clump, number of flowers per umbel, number of fruit per umbel), viability, and pollen count, production of TSS seeds (number of seeds per umbel, seed weight per umbel, seed weight per clump).
Utilization of foliar fertilizer as an alternative medium for enlargement of Vanda orchid plantlets before acclimatization
Authors: Kasutjianingati K , Koesparwanti T R , Eliyatiningsih E
Published: February 2022

This study aims to obtain an appropriate and inexpensive alternative media combination for the growth of Vanda hybrid orchids prior to acclimatization. Experiment using Factorial Randomized Block Design. The first factor is the type of media (Vacin -Went and foliar fertilizer ) and the second factor is the addition of organic matter (coconut water composition, sweet corn composition, tomato composition, BAP, NAA and without organic matter or PGR). The results showed that the interaction of treatment on plant height was only seen at 18 weeks after treatment, while the number of leaves could be seen earlier at 16 weeks after treatment. The independent effect of organic matter and PGR on the number of leaves has been seen since the age of the plant 10 weeks after treatment, while the plant height was only seen 16 weeks after treatment. Independent treatment of growing media had no effect on height and number of leaves up to 18 weeks after planting. The use of foliar fertilizer media with the type of organic material composition being tested can be suggested as an alternative growth medium for plantlet growth, not significantly different from vacin-went with BAP media.
Modeling the effect of climate on na-oogst tobacco production in Jember
Authors: Harlianingtyas I , Azizah M , Kusuma S I , Muksin  , Humaida S
Published: February 2022

Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) makes a significant contribution to the source of farmers’ income and the provision of employment opportunities. Tobacco plants are very susceptible to being influenced by the climatology and geography of the region. Na-Oogst tobacco is specifically cultivated in East Java in the Besuki Ex-Karesiden area which includes Jember and Bondowoso regencies, its mainly used for making cigars outside (dekblad), cigar dressings (omblad), and filling cigars (filler). Tobacco plants are sensitive to environmental factors including climatic factors, such as rainfall, humidity, and temperature. The climatic conditions of rainfall, both the amount and the distribution are very diverse so that it affects the growth, production, and quality of tobacco. Based on this, this study aims to identify characteristics, analyze and determine the modeling of the influence of climate factors on tobacco productions in Jember Regency. This is very important to do to determine recommendations and policies to increase tobacco productivity. The mathematical model of the analysis on Na-Oogst tobacco production in Jember Regency is Y = -362629 + 0.1285 rainfall + 2.93 rainy days + 16630 temperature – 1377 humidity with the coefficient of determination is 76.33%.
The Feasibility of Water Quality of Bedadung River for Inland Fishery Business Development and Sanitation Hygiene
Authors: Gemaputri AA , Pongoh IAA , Anggraeni OJ
Published: February 2022

This research was conducted using a quantitative descriptive method for measuring water quality in the form of measuring chemical, physical and biological parameters of the waters at the research location, then using a qualitative descriptive method to describe the condition of the designated area in the watershed of the research location.

The research location is the Biting River, the Jompo River and the Besini River. The purpose of the study was to assess the feasibility of water quality at the research site for inland fishery businesses and the water needs for sanitation hygiene for the community. The results of the measurement of water quality parameters at the research location showed that the Biting river was in an unpolluted and fertile condition, while the Jompo River indicated that it was contaminated with Oscillatoria bacteria which is very dangerous for human health and aquatic organisms. The water quality of the Besini river shows that the waters are fertile, not polluted but not suitable for community hygiene and sanitation activities because it is brackish with an average water salinity of 25 ppt.
Application of pulsed electric field in pasteurization of orange juice of siam cultivar: study on nutritional, physical, chemical properties, and total microorganism
Authors: Wibowo MJ , Bakri A , Hariono B , Wijaya R , Brilliantina A
Published: February 2022

Orange juice, extracted from orange of siam cultivar, was pasteurized using a pulsed electric field (PEF) method. The aim of this research was to analyze the changes on nutritional, physical and chemical properties and total microbes from orange juice after pasteurization. The research was conducted from June until September 2021 located in Jember. The PEF treatment was carried out using treatment time variation for 5 minutes (1 cycle), 10 minutes (2 cycles) and 15 minutes (3 cycles). Several parameters of Vitamin C, density, pH, total soluble and total microbes were observed. The result showed that PEF treatment did not significantly change nutritional, physical and chemical properties and total microbes after pasteurization with PEF in compared with no treatment pasteurization. The best treatment was found in the variation of 10 minutes (2 cycles).
Characterization of lignocellulolytic fungi isolated from cocoa rhizosphere under different cropping patterns
Authors: Nirmalasari Intan , Santosa Dwi Andreas , Prastowo Erwin
Published: February 2022

Cocoa plantations may provide a considerable amount of fungal biodiversity with high potential as soil organic matter biodecomposer agents. Therefore, the isolation and characterization of potential fungi is the first step to obtain the wide variety of lignocellulolytic enzymes. This study aimed at identifying potential lignocellulolytic fungi isolated from different type cocoa cropping pattern. The lignocellulose-degrading enzymes was determined by growing the isolated fungi on Guaiacol containing PDA media, and CMC media with additional of Red Congo solution. Their potential index (IP) was scored by measuring the diameter of the clear zone around the fungal colonies. Our identifications suggest the presence of both ligninolytic, and cellulolytic enzymes through a reddish, and clear zones produced around the colonies. Additionally, we identified two types of potential fungi with higher potential index both ligninolytic and cellulolytic, including strain fungal CSF#5 and CSF#15 which belongs to the group of fungi Ascomycetes.
The growth inducing endophyte: optimizing the non-host endophyte as growth promoter
Authors: Sugiyarto  , Trwidiarto C , Supriyadi  , Firgiyanto R , Addy H S , Wafa A
Published: February 2022

The plants present a complex, spatially and temporally diverse ecological habitat. As living support of human, microorganism, microorganism and fungal. They are life in the host plant as endo, ecto, semi endo or other kind living mechanism. The symbiotic associations between microorganisms and plants are ancient and fundamental. Most of plant protection scientist develop the broad range of host in endphopytic microbes for the future purposes, such as biological control agents, growth inducer, the plant resistance inducer and soon. However, the development non true host of endophytic microbes are challenging. The research was done by isolating potential endophyte from three toga plant and then tested to spinach. The growing and plant pathogenic possibility test was done to eliminating the potential plant pathogen microbes. From 40 isolate, was detected more than 20 isolate have possibility to be a pathogen of Spinach, with different symptoms appearance level. The level of growth induced result also have different result among the potential endophyte. They appear on the growing time, the long of root and shoot number of spinach. The optimizing of growth promoter endophyte especially for non-host endophyte, need the extra path for convinced the isolated endophyte not to be potential plant pathogen.
The effect of Biofertilizer Application and Shoot Pruning on the Production of chili plants on sandy media
Authors: Sukri M Z , Rohman H F , Firgiyanto R
Published: February 2022

Red chili as one of the important horticultural crops cultivated commercially, this is because in addition to chili has a fairly complete nutritional content, it also has a high economic value which is widely used both for household consumption and for the food industry. Therefore, it is necessary to apply intensification technology to increase chili production. These technologies include the application of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) to increase soil fertility and the application of shoot pruning to increase branching of chili plants. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of PGPR and Trichoderma sp. And the treatment of shoot pruning on the production of red chili plants.This research was conducted at the Jember State Polytechnic Greenhouse, Sumbersari District, Jember Regency with an altitude of ± 89 masl. This study used a complete randomized block design (CRD) factorial consisting of 2 factors. The first factor was the provision of biological agents consisting of 4 levels of treatment. The second factor was the time for cutting shoots, consisting of 3 levels of treatment. The observation variables is productivity of chili. The results showed that branch pruning and biological agent treatment did not significantly increase the production of chili plants. However, there is a tendency for better treatment with pruning and without biological agents.
Effectivity of inorganic fertilizer NPK (15-15-6) to growth and yield of lowland rice (Oryza sativa L.) on alfisol soil
Authors: Fidiyawati E , Latifah E , Krismawati A , Sihombing D , Setyorini D , Bakar A , Sugiono
Published: February 2022

This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of NPK (15-15-6) fertilizer on the growth and yield of lowland rice. It was carried out on irrigated rice fields in the second season (March-June), on Alfisol soil (25 m asl). RCBD experimental design with 8 doses of fertilizer treatment and 3 replications. Treatment: a) without fertilizer, b) local recommendation of NPK (15-15-15) 300 + Urea 200 kg/ha, c) NPK (15-15-6) 200 + Urea 0 kg/ha, d) NPK (15-15-6) 300 + Urea 0 kg/ha, e) NPK (15-15-6) 400 + Urea 0 kg/ha, f) NPK (15-15-6) 200 + Urea 200 kg/ha, g) NPK (15-15-6) 300 + Urea 200 kg/ha, and h) NPK (15-15-6) 400 + Urea 100 kg/ha. The results showed that the application of NPK (15-15-6) 300 + 200 urea kg/ha had a significant effect on plant height, productive tillers and yield. The yield was 7,448 t/ha and the RAE (Relative Agronomic Effectiveness) value was 106.46, while the recommended fertilizer yield was 7.20 t/ha and the RAE value was 100. NPK fertilizer (15-15-6) dose of 300 + 200 Urea kg/ha can recomedate as an alternative NPK fertilizer in lowland rice.
The effect of marinade concentrations of different local herbs and spices on the hedonic test of super native chicken breast
Authors: Oktafa H , Prayitno AH , Handayani HT , Rukmi DL
Published: February 2022

This study was conducted the effect of marinade concentrations of different local herbs and spices on the hedonic test of super native chicken breast. The research material consisted of super native chicken breast, chili powder, sugar, salt, pepper, garlic, cinnamon, palm oil, lime juice, monosodium glutamate, and ginger. The treatment levels of marinade concentration were 10, 20, and 30% of the weight of meat. The hedonic test of the super native chicken marinade was carried out by 40 untrained panelists. The hedonic test data of super native chicken breast marinated were analyzed by non-parametric analysis through the Hedonic Kruskal-Wallis test and if there was a significant difference (P<0.05) then further tested with Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test. The results showed that the marinade concentration level of different local herbs and spices had a significant effect on acceptability, but did not affect on color, aroma, taste, texture, juiciness, and tenderness of super native chicken breast marinated. The marinade concentration of local herbs and spices at the level of 20% was the best treatment with highest score hedonic of 4.38 so that it was preferred by the panelists when compared to other treatments.
Carica papaya seed meal in diet can reduce egg quail cholesterol without reduce egg quality
Authors: Rahmasari R , Hertamawati R T , Ningsih N , Imam S , Suryadi U , Nugraha B A
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of papaya seed meal on the quality of quail eggs and to determine the best dose of quail egg quality. Using an experimental method with a completely randomized design (CRD), with 4 treatments and 6 replications, each replication consisted of 7 quails. The treatments were P0 (control feed), P1 (0.3% papaya seed meal in feed), P2 (0.6% papaya seed meal in feed) and P3 (1.2% papaya seed meal in feed). The parameters observed were egg white index, egg yolk index, egg yolk color, shell thickness, and egg cholesterol. The data was analysed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the addition of papaya seed meal in the feed had not a significant effect (p<0,05) on egg white index, on egg yolk index and shell thickness, but decreased egg yolk color. However addition papaya seed meal had significant effect (p<0,05) reduces egg yolk cholesterol. In conclusion, addition of papaya seed meal (Carica papaya L.) up to 1.2% reduce egg yolk cholesterol without effected the quality of quail eggs.
The potential solvent for tannin extraction as a feed additive made of coffee husk (Coffea canephora) using Soxhlet Method
Authors: Kusuma S B , Wulandari S , Nurfitriani R A , Awaludin A
Published: February 2022

The purpose of this research was to determine the best of solvent for extracting tannins as a feed additive from coffee husks using the soxhlet method. The method used was quantitative with a completely randomized design experimental. The coffee husk used was a type of Robusta taken from the Kaliwates Region, Jember Regency, Indonesia. The material was the waste from the grinding of coffee cherries, namely the pericarp (parchment, pectin layer, pulp, and outer husk). This research consisted of 3 treatments (P1: Methanol, P2: Ethanol, P3: Acetone), each treatment consisted of 3 replications. The variables were the tannin extracts and residue of tannin extracts. The results showed that different types of tannin solvents had a significant effect on the tannin extracts yield and residue of tannin extracts (P<0.05). Methanol and ethanol solvents produced higher tannin than acetone solvents: 0.5392%, 0.6120%, and 0.2457% respectively. Coffee husk with ethanol solvent gave the least residue compared to methanol and acetone: 61.64%, 66.89%, and 85.26% respectively. The conclusion of this research was Ethanol is a solvent that produces the highest total tannin (0.6120%) and the lowest residue (61.64 ± 0.6688%) from coffee husks compared to methanol and acetone. The result of this research can be used as a consideration for the tannins extraction of other plantation waste.
The effect of instanization methods on rehydrated instant bose characteristics
Authors: Yulianti L E , Sholechah H , Widowati E , Setiaboma W , Ekafitri R , Afifah N
Published: February 2022

Bose is a typical food from East Nusa Tenggara which is made from a mixture of corn and beans. The process of making bose requires a relatively long time. Instanization is a technology that can be applied to shorten the process of preparing bose corn before can be consumed. This study aims to determine the effect of the cooking methods in the instanization process on the physical and chemical properties of rehydrated instant bose corn. The factors tested were cooking methods: mixed and boiled-steamed; mixed and boiled-autoclaved; mixed and steamed-autoclaved; unmixed and boiled-steamed; unmixed and boiled-autoclaved; unmixed and steamed-autoclaved. The mixed and boiled-autoclaved method produced the best physical properties of instant bose corn compared to other treatments. This instant bose corn had 6.34 minutes of rehydration time, 4.45 of rehydration ratio, 190.01% of volume expansion, 261.65 N of hardness and contains of 3.41% of protein, 0.56 mg/100 g of iron and 0.42% of fat.
Physical quality of coated and uncoated breadcrumbs of Moringa oleifera leaf-fish nugget with various fillers
Authors: Putri D P , Setiaboma W , Kristanti D
Published: February 2022

Nugget is a restructured meat product made by adding various spices and flour as filling and coating materials. Flour as a filler plays an important role in the physical quality of nuggets. The nuggets are coated with breadcrumbs that have a function to improve appearance and increase acceptability of product. This study aims to determine effect of various fillers on physical properties of coated and uncoated breadcrumbs of Moringa leaf fish nuggets. The factors were different ratio of fillers (comparison of corn starch and sago flour) and breadcrumbs coating (coated and uncoated). Nuggets with 100% wheat flour filler were used as a control. The results showed that the use of sago and corn starch flour as a filler increased the ability of WHC, hardness, gumminess, and chewiness but reduced the cooking loss of nuggets. The used of 100% sago flour was the highest of WHC (139.36%). The coating breadcrumbs had lower WHC (111.87%) ability. The cooking loss value ranged from 8.65– 17.66%. The cooking loss was more visible in the samples without breadcrumb coating. The different ratio of filler significantly affected increasing the hardness, the springiness, and the cohesiveness while coated of breadcrumb reduced the hardness.
Packaging development of dehydrated strawberry using quality function deployment for e-commerce
Authors: Mentari S , Ainuri M , Falah M A F
Published: February 2022

Dehydrated strawberry is product development from strawberry fresh fruit to improve, increase the shelf-life and value of the product. During the Covid-19 pandemic, shopping lifestyle has changed gradually into online buying through e-commerce that was growth significantly, it must be followed by producer to adapt and adopt the situation especially for purchasing decisions, while customers tend to choose products based on the packaging appearance. This study aimed to determine attributes of the packaging and technical needs for producer selling preparation of dehydrated strawberry in e-commerce based on customer needs. The method in this study that has proven effective in fulfilling customer needs is Quality Function Deployment (QFD) in product planning phase. QFD analysis begins with filtering Voice of Customer (VoC) using open questionnaire then at the stage of customer importance level and product performance using closed questionnaire, then compiled into attributes of customer needs. Technical requirements were brainstormed using discussion with local sellers on e-commerce. Two attributes with the highest priority to be realized is product information on the packaging is easy to read and understand and product-related information fully listed on the outer product packaging and the highest priority for the technical needs is addition of secondary packaging.
Consumer acceptance of quality characterization of dehydrated strawberry product
Authors: Hasna S S , Nugrahini A D , Falah M A F
Published: February 2022

Strawberry is a horticultural fruit that has high nutritious content but a short shelf-life. Strawberries can be dried to extend their shelf-life. However, the drying process can cause quality change that can affect consumer acceptance. This research aimed to identify the quality of dehydrated strawberries based on consumer acceptance. Samples were produced using osmosis dehydration pre-treatment and dried by tray dryer. Imported and local products were used as a comparison. An untrained panelist was used to make a sensory analysis on five attributes on color, aroma, flavor, texture, and overall. Then, sample with highest acceptance value for each attribute were tested for the quality that consists of color, total sugar content, texture, and water content test. Based on the sensory analysis, sample with highest acceptance value for each attribute is as follows: local sample for color attribute, imported sample for aroma attribute, self- produced a sample for flavor, texture, and overall attributes. Based on the quality test, the dehydrated strawberry had discoloration due to maillard reaction. The sugar content, texture, and water content of the sample is in accordance with previous research. Sample with the highest acceptable value for overall is self-produced sample and can compete with local and imported sample.
Accelerated shelf life test method with arrhenius approach for shelf life estimation of tongkol ‘euthynnus affinis’ balado in cans
Authors: Brilliantina A , Wardani D K , Fadhila PT , Hariono B , Wijaya R
Published: February 2022

Many people in Indonesia consumed tongkol fish by processing it into balado tongkol. The process carried out to extend the shelf life of the product is by packing it in cans. Information related to shelf life was needed for canned food, so that it can guarantee that the food was still good for consumption. This study aims to determine the shelf life of balado tongkol in cans from TEFA Fish Canning with the Arrhenius method. Arrhenius is the method of estimating shelf life used was ASLT (Accelerated Shelf Life Test). The ASLT method requires a relatively short testing time with an acceptable level of accuracy. This research was conducted at the TEFA Fish Canning and Food Processing Laboratory of Politeknik Negeri Jember in March – July 2021. Estimating the shelf life used the reaction approach that increases the TBA number as a critical parameter. The kinetic reaction of increasing the TBA number in canned balado tongkol followed the ordo 0 reaction. The results showed that the shelf life of balado tongkol in cans at room temperature was 24,6 weeks.
Formulation of Local Food Based Snack Using Linear Program for Nutrisurvey to Prevent Stunting in Under-Five Children
Authors: Ratri P R , Sabran  , Jannah M
Published: February 2022

The prevalence of stunting in Indonesia has decreased from 37.2% in 2013 to 30.8% in 2018. This prevalence is still far from the government target, which is 14%. Immunostimulant prebiotic food formulations in the form of snack bars made from lempeni leaves, edamame, and local herbal plants can be used to increase immunity and prevent stunting among children. However, the development of a local-based diet by considering the nutrient adequacy of the children is lacking. This study aimed to develop an optimized snack bar based on nutrient adequacy using linear programming to meet the nutrient requirement of under-five children. This study used Nutri Survey for Linear Programming 2004 software to develop an optimized snack bar. Nutrition Adequacy Rate among children 1-4 years were used to determine the composition of the snack bar. The composition of the snack bar consists of Simplicia powder of lempeni leaves, edamame, cinnamon powder, ginger powder, oats, almonds, cashew, raisins, honey, peanut butter, and chocolate. The Results show two formulas based on Linear Programming calculation and one formula for control. Snack bar formula fulfilled energy and macronutrient intake requirements within the acceptable macronutrient distribution range. Formula 1 contains 122 kcal energy; 2,9 g protein; 4,9 g fat; 13,4 g carbohydrate, 0,8 mg iron; and 0,4 mg zinc. Formula 2 contains 123 kcal energy; 3,05 g protein; 5,6 g fat; 13,5 g carbohydrate, 0,9 mg iron; and 0,4 mg zinc. Those values are describe the optimization model used in this study provides a mathematical solution for an economical snack bar that approximate the nutrient requirements for under-five children to prevent stunting.
The analysis of phosphor content and sensory quality of dragon fruit and moringa oleifera soft candy
Authors: Elisanti A D , Ardianto E T , Rindiani R
Published: February 2022

This study aims to determine the effect of adding dragon fruit and moringa oleifera to the phosphor content and acceptability of soft candy. This study is an experimental study using a completely randomized design (CRD) with the concentration of adding dragon fruit 10%, 12%, 14%, and 16% Moringa Oleifera 1%, 1%, 2%, and 3% and fresh milk 50 ml. Observation parameters: Phosphor, with the panelists’ preference test for colour, texture, taste, and smell. The results showed that the best treatment for adding 12% dragon fruit and 1% moringa leaves was preferred by panelists’ in terms of colour, taste, texture, and smell based on analysis using the Mann Whitney test showed a p-value of 0,010 with a mean difference of 53.75, phosphor content 0,288% and meets the quality standard requirement (SNI 2803: 2010). In 100 grams soft candy contains 576 mg of phosphor. Thus, it is considered as an alternative to meet the phosphor daily intake of children under five in Indonesia.
Antioxidant activity and hedonic evaluation of melinjo peel with variations of sodium metabisulfite concentration and soaking time
Authors: Apriliyanti MW , Ardiyansyah M , Wulandari DE , Arum P , Jayus  , Sjaifullah A
Published: February 2022

Melinjo peel is part of the melinjo plant which contains many compounds that are beneficial for the health of the body. This research was conducted to obtain a treatment that has optimal antioxidant activity and hedonic evaluation from melinjo peel steeping which has been pretreated with sodium metabisulfite in concentrations of 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6% with a long soaking time of 20 and 30 minutes. Based on the results of testing the antioxidant activity of steeping melinjo peel, the average value ranged from 37.2%-43.6%. n the hedonic organoleptic test, the concentration of sodium metabisulfite and the length of soaking time were significantly different for color with the highest average value (3.56) and taste with the highest average value (3.16) while the aroma was not significantly different from the average value. the highest average (2.96).The best treatment was the concentration of sodium metabisulfite 0.2%, immersion time of 20 minutes with antioxidant activity of 37.2%; color 2.92 (clear yellow); Aroma 4.28 (scented melinjo) and taste 3.96 (slightly taste melinjo peel).
Edible coating development to extend shelf life of mangoes (Mangivera indica L.)
Authors: Handojo L A , Shofinita D , Evelina G , Nasution A N
Published: February 2022

Mango is one of the most favored tropical fruits which potentially as an export commodity in Indonesia. However, this fruit is easily damaged and has a short shelf life. One way to extend the shelf life of fruits is to use edible coatings. This study aimed to determine the effect of storage temperature and edible coatings on the shelf life of mangoes. Using 6.4% beeswax and a composite of 10% Arabic gum and 1% chitosan as edible coatings, these results were compared to control. Several parameters were used to evaluate the effectiveness of edible coatings, specifically weight loss, pH, fruit skin color, fruit flesh color, hardness, decay incidence (DI), and soluble solids concentration (SSC). Mangoes were stored in a variety of storage conditions, namely room temperature (26.5°C), showcase (10.2°C), and wine cooler (12.4°C). Experimental results indicated that applicating edible coatings and storing fruits at lower temperatures generally could reduce weight loss above 20% and DI by 85%, slowing changes in SSC, pH, and color of the fruits’ skin and flesh, as well as maintaining hardness. Moreover, 6.4% beeswax was more effective than the composite of 10% Arabic gum and 1% chitosan in extending the shelf life of mangoes.
Organoleptic and chemical properties test on cookies made from Mocaf and oyster mushroom flour
Authors: Kurnianto M F , Wijaya R , Handayani A M , Hariono B , Brilliantina A
Published: February 2022

The purpose of our study was to characterize the quality of oyster mushroom flour dried using the hybrid fluidized bad dryer with a UV lamp. Making cookies was implemented by oyster mushroom flour and modified starch flour called mocaf. Methods in our study using Completely Randomized Design with comparision modified starch flour (mocaf) and oyster mushroom flour (100% of mocaf flour; 95% of mocaf flour and 5% of oyster mushroom flour; 90% of mocaf flour and 10% of oyster mushroom flour; 85% of mocaf flour and 15% of oyster mushroom flour; 80% of mocaf flour and 20% of oyster mushroom flour; 75% of mocaf flour and 25% of oyster mushroom flour. Water content, fat content and fiber content were analyzed as chemical properties of cookies. Organoleptic test was designed by 25 panelists using hedonic test to characterize sensory properties. The results showed that chemical properties consist of water content about 3.3 - 7.1%, fat content about 20.65 – 28.9%, fiber content about 3.03 – 6.55%. Observations on aspects of physical properties carried out by organoleptic tests on the parameters of taste, color and aroma through the Kruskal Wallis test showed no effect. In the texture parameter of cookies products, the variation in the amount of mocaf flour and oyster mushroom flour treatment has an effect.
Risk analysis of Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSDs) on corn noodles production
Authors: Indriati A , Mayasti N K I , Rahman T , Litaay C , Anggara C E W , Astro H M , Surahman D N , Novianti F , Andriana Y
Published: February 2022

Corn noodles are one of the non-wheat food diversification products to reduce dependence on wheat flour. In making corn noodles, it is suspected that there is a risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs). This study aimed to identify the level of risk of MSDs in workers while making corn noodles. Data were collected using questionnaires, interviews, and observations to determine the risk level of MSDs using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method. The results showed that when workers did the corn noodle-making process, several work activities showed the risk of MSDs. Activities that pose a high risk of MSDs are when using an extruder; medium risk during mixing and steaming, while weighing ingredients and drying noodles had a low risk of MSDs. Work postures that cause complaints include bending over, looking down, and when lifting. The MSDs complaints were in the neck, shoulders, back, waist, arms, and fingers.
Rapid and non-labelling detection method in food safety and adulteration
Authors: Andriana B B , Paramitha P N , Zakaria R , Parikesit P , Hashimoto K , Sato H
Published: February 2022

One of the goals from The United Nations’ 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is good health and well-being has, directly and indirectly, absolutely has relation with the safety and fraud of food. In the field of food sciences, the availability of analyzing tools for both safety and fraud of food is a must for producing the sustainable of good health and well-being of consumers, as well as a need early detection of contaminants in the food supply that be able to be serious to certify the safe food. Raman spectroscopy is one of the unconventional techniques that can detect and indicate those problems classes rapidly, sensitively, noninvasively, and relatively inexpensive method. The quantitative analysis and modeling of biomaterials based on empirical data are useful for connecting molecular biology to new areas, particularly in Industry 4.0 era, such as computational of food science. Raman spectroscopy is considered one of the possible methods by which we can observe the biological sample in rapid and non- labeling methods. This could improve to check up the quality and safety of food in the field of food science rapidly and safety. Furthermore, it will largely contribute to society in the future. The present article introduces some preliminary techniques based on Raman spectroscopy and evaluates their applications in intact food ingredients, such as lipid and Stingless Bees Honey.
Interaction of parasitoids associated with fruit flies attacking star fruit (Averrhoa carambolae) in Denpasar City, Bali Province, Indonesia
Authors: Yuliadhi K A , Susila I W , Supartha I W , Sultan A , Yudha I K W , Utama I W E K , Wiradana P A
Published: February 2022

Star fruit (Averrhoa carambola) is a fruit plant that has a high consumption rate, especially in the Central/South America and Asia-Pacific regions including Indonesia. The fruit fly, Bactrocera spp. become a major pest on star fruit commodities in Indonesia which can harm quantity and quality which in turn hampers export activities. The aims of this study was to identify the type of pest, the level of attack, and the type of parasitoid associated with star fruit flies in the Denpasar City area. Fruit samples were collected using a purposive sampling method, namely collecting symptomatic fruit planted in four sub-districts in Denpasar City. Identification was carried out on the types of fruit flies and parasitoids that emerged after the rearing period. The percentage of fruit damage and the degree of parasitization was also determined. The fruit flies identified were Bactrocera carambolae and B. dorsalis and two parasitoids, namely Fopius arisanus and Diachasmimorpha longicaudata. The percentage (%) of fruit damage was 83.10%. The interaction that occurs between the fruit fly population and the level of damage is also very close. In all observation sites in Denpasar City, the parasitization rate of F. arisanus was higher than that of D. longicaudata. Our findings indicate that fruit flies are one of the main causes of star fruit damage in Denpasar City and should be integrated into a more comprehensive Integrated Pest Management (IPM) program by the relevant authorities.
Effect of Soilless Media with Alternate Wetting-Drying (AWD) as Basic Irrigation on the Growth of Two Varieties of Rice
Authors: Damanhuri  , Widodo T W , Muhklisin I
Published: February 2022

The decreasing area of agricultural land and declining water sources are forcing rice farmers to adopt various farming technology. Soil-less farming and alternate wetting-drying (AWD) irrigation can alternatively fix the problems (water substitutes soil as a proper growing media, while in AWD irrigation systems water can be saved), especially in the urban area. This study aimed to observe the growth of two rice varieties grown under soil-less media with AWD irrigation systems. The study was conducted in Sumberjeruk village, Jember city of Indonesia, from June-September 2021. A completely randomized design (CRD) within two factors and three replications was used in the experiment. The first factor was growing media, namely control (soil) + non AWD, water media + rice husk + non AWD, water media + non AWD, and water media + 1 day (once) AWD. The second factor was rice variety specifically Mapan 05 and Ciherang. The result showed that water media + rice husk gave the highest performance at plant height (73,88 cm), the number of the stem (35,25 stems), and the number of leaves (108,92 leaves). Moreover, there was a significant difference in stem diameter number between Mapan 05 and Ciherang (6,95 mm and 5,80 mm respectively).
Critical factors in local food development policies, farming, and coping mechanisms mothers with stunting children in Jember
Authors: Muksin  , Perwiraningrum D A , Amareta D I , Purwoko D
Published: February 2022

Jember Regency has the potential of local food diversity that has not been optimally utilized in stunting recovery. Local institutions have also not fully contributed optimal roles in rural mothers with stunting children. The research aims to determine key policy factors for local food development, farming, and coping mechanisms in mothers with stunting children. Adequate policies, especially in utilizing cheap and easily obtain nutritious local food sources, are expected to facilitate effective stunting recovery efforts. This research method uses quantitative and qualitative approaches. Description of local food sources and their processing, demographics, and maternal behavior, is carried out through focus group discussion activities involving key stakeholders. Furthermore, modeling is carried out based on key factors or elements with interpretative structural modeling methods. The study’s findings suggest that increasing maternal knowledge of local food and nutritional content and health aspects is a crucial policy factor. Systematically these key factors need to be supported by strengthening maternal health in decision-making in the household, handling maternal health detection, maternal skills to process food, and maternal skills to choose food according to family needs. Policy implementation requires formal and informal institutional support that exists in the countryside.
Modeling the Potential of Cereal Crops with a Smart Village-Based GIS Approach to Support Food Security
Authors: Utomo Denny Trias , Etikasari Bety , Jumiatun
Published: February 2022

Since 2015, government projects related to national food security have been implemented so far. This article will write a study that uses the GIS method to model the potential of food crops. The GIS web application development method uses the prototyping method with input in the form of spatial and non-spatial data which includes data on potential rice, corn, and soybeans in the Jember district, where the data was obtained from a survey at the Jember Regency Agriculture Service in the period January - August 2021 and data statistics from the book Jember in Figures 2020 and the official website of the Jember Regency BPS.
Automatic Security System Architecture for Smart Greenhouse Using Face Recognition Approach
Authors: Anwar S , Riskiawan H Y , Hariono B , Setyohadi D P S , Yogiswara  , Kurniasari A A , Hakim M R
Published: February 2022

Automation has taken over nearly all domains of operation due to the rapid progress of technology. Over the years, the evolution of human-computer interaction has sped up. With regards to technology improvements, Smart Greenhouse has come a long way. As such, it is critical to have a dependable security system in place to safeguard Greenhouse assets and employee privacy. To access Greenhouse using the conventional security system, an individual must utilize a key. However, the current security mechanism contains numerous flaws regardless of how it is cast or taken. By using face recognition, this study seeks to assist users in enhancing the door security of the Smart Greenhouse. The suggested system comprises several subsystems, including picture capture, face recognition, and automatic door access management. Face Recognition is supported by OpenCV because it uses Eigenfaces and scales down face photos without sacrificing essential features. The Doorlock Selenoid will function as the key. One relay will serve as both an active and passive solenoid. Thus, the images captured from the webcam will be compared to the stored features, and if a match is found, access will be provided to the authorized person. Otherwise, the door is not accessible.