bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Unsustainable Family Business in Saudi Arabia - The Roadmap Ahead
Authors: AlRebdi Anas , Mohamad Khaliq Ahmad
Published: July 2021

Family businesses play a crucial role in the global economy. The GCC especially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia occupies a significant place in the global economic pie. It offers many employment opportunities to the Saudi and non-Saudi nationals and contributes a significantly to the GDP. According to the government sources there are an estimated 538,000 family businesses in the Kingdom and together this family business cluster contributes approximately 216 billion dollars to the national GDP and provides employments to approximately 7.2 million workers that constitute about 52 percent of the total workforce.

Beside such a great potential there are only a few of them can thrive and survive in the present circumstances in the market. Just a third of family businesses are successful thanks to a new generation of entrepreneurs in command. Future success depends to a large extent on the successive achievements of these newly minted entrepreneurs and sustainability of family businesses of such companies in the past affects the success of future generations of these family businesses. There are many challenges these family businesses are facing once left them unattended may cause them to fail is the focus of this study. Hence there is a need to focus on several attributes of sound management in order to be able to continue and grow to remain sustainable would be contribution of this study.

The purpose of this study therefore is to identify the various success factors associated to the question of unsustainability of these family businesses (FB) in Saudi Arabia (KSA). Our understanding indicated that Family Businesses (FB) is short-term oriented. For sustainability these FBs need to create and give more importance to factors such as strategic thinking, to train next of kin to ensure succession planning and sound corporate governance for business longevity. As recommendation the immediate family members and potential business leaders emerging from the younger generations need to be trained for their business continuity and survival.
The Effect Of Corruption, Democracy And Foreign Debt On Economic Growth In Asian Pacific Countries
Authors: Putra Rommy Fernando , Putri Dewi Zaini
Published: July 2021

Economic growth can be defined as a process of changing the economic conditions of a country on an ongoing basis towards a better condition during a certain period. This study aims to examine the effect of corruption, democracy and external debt on economic growth in 7 countries Asia Pasific. This is because of The Asia Pacific became known around the 1980s when financial market, international trade and political condition have increased. The data used is panel data during the period 2014-2018, and collected by data documentation and library obtained from World Bank, International Transparency and Freedom In The World. Using the panel data regression, the estimation results are (1) Corruption has a positive and significant effect on economic growth in 7 Asia Pacific countries, with a regression coefficient value of -0.2753, (2) Democracy has a positive and significant effect on economic growth in 7 Asia Pacific countries with a regression coefficient value of 0.0586, (3) External debt has a significant positive effect on economic growth in 7 countries Asia Pacific region with a regression coefficient of 0.7604 (4) Corruption, Democracy and External Debt have a significant effect on economic growth in 7 countries in the Asia Pacific region, with a probability value (F-statistic) of 0.0008
Windkraft trifft Algenfarm
Authors: Weinholz Andrea
Published: July 2021

Rechenzentren zählen heute zu den großen Energieverbrauchern – mit steigender Tendenz. Eine wichtige Frage lautet daher: Wie können Unternehmen ihre Daten wirtschaftlich, sicher und zugleich vollkommen nachhaltig speichern? In Nordfriesland setzt eine Anlage auf die Kombination aus grüner Energie und direkter Abwärmenutzung – für den Anbau von Algen.
Fassadenelemente mit organischer Photovoltaik
Authors: Egelhaaf Hans-Joachim , Brabec Christoph J. , Neberich Marcel , Senguttuvan Kaushik , Hoga Felix , Kießling Günther , Braun Matthias , Bordin Susanna , Wagner Michael , Distler Andreas , Feroze Sarmad , Dentel Arno
Published: July 2021

In dem vom Bundesministerium für Wirtschaft und Energie (BMWi) geförderten Projekt „Fassade3“ entwickelt ein Konsortium aus akademischen und industriellen Partnern ein multifunktionales Fassadenelement mit integrierter organischer Photovoltaik (OPV). Die Fassade kann aufgrund ihrer modularen Struktur vorgefertigt und sowohl in Neu- als auch Bestandsgebäude integriert werden. Sie fungiert als Energiequelle, dient der thermischen Isolation, bietet Sonnenschutz für den Innenraum und optimiert so die Energieeffizienz des Gebäudes. Mit einfachen Mitteln lässt sich somit eine voll funktionsfähige und gleichzeitig ästhetisch ansprechende Konstruktion realisieren. Ein eigens entwickeltes Messsystem erlaubt die Echtzeit-Überwachung der Energiebilanz der Fassade. Erste Ergebnisse zum Leistungsverhältnis der OPV-Module sind vielversprechend.
Gemeinsam in die Zukunft
Authors: Mönter Andreas
Published: July 2021

Steigender Kostendruck, Investitionen in die Digitalisierung, Entwicklung neuer Geschäftsfelder: Dies sind die Herausforderungen, denen sich die Energieversorgungsbranche gegenübersieht. Hinzu kommen umfangreiche regulatorisch bedingte Projekte, die in immer kürzeren Abständen zu bewältigen sind. Kundenspezifische Anforderungen erfordern dabei komplexe Systeme, deren Betrieb aufwendig und mit hohen Kosten verbunden ist. Mit einer skalenorientierten Kooperation auf Augenhöhe, die einen branchenspezifischen Systemstandard anstrebt, lassen sich Synergien nutzen und moderne IT-Architekturen realisieren.
„Individuelle Lösungen zum White-Label-Preis“
Authors: Cordes Matthias
Published: July 2021

Im Oktober 2020 wurde unter dem Dach der Cronos-Unternehmensgruppe die Customer Experience AG gegründet, die sich auf Projekte rund um die im Kundenkontakt relevante „Customer Journey“ spezialisiert hat. Mit dem „cx-marketplace“ verfolgt die neue Einheit eine spannende Idee: Um entsprechenden Konzepten den Weg zu bahnen, werden die Umsetzungskosten auf mehrere Schultern verteilt. Was sich konkret hinter diesem Ansatz verbirgt, verrät der zuständige Bereichsleiter Matthias Cordes im Interview mit BWK.
Nicht die nächste Säule, sondern die beste
Authors: Klippel Filip
Published: July 2021

Der benzin- oder dieselgetriebene Verbrenner ist ein Auslaufmodell. Elektro-Fahrzeuge sind mehr und mehr im Kommen. Damit sie ein langfristiger Erfolg werden, müssen nicht nur die Reichweite oder die Ladeinfrastruktur stimmen. Digitale Lösungen, die Navigationssysteme bei der Suche nach der geeigneten Ladestation unterstützen, helfen der Elektromobilität, den Praxistest im Alltag der Fahrer zu bestehen.
Dynamik in der Tiefgarage
Authors: Frank Susanne , Holder Ralph
Published: July 2021

Wie muss die Infrastruktur des Stromnetzes beschaffen sein, wenn eine große Anzahl von E-Fahrzeugen in einer Tiefgarage gleichzeitig geladen wird? Der Feldversuch E-Mobility-Carré der Netze BW zur Integration von E-Mobilität bei Mehrfamilienhäusern im Bestand zeigt vor allem die Möglichkeiten des intelligenten Lastmanagements. Ein wichtiges Resümee: Die Ladeinfrastruktur lässt sich in den meisten Fällen über den bestehenden Netzanschluss eines Mehrfamilienhauses nachrüsten.
Lebensdauer von Wasserstoff-Pipelines im Fokus
Authors: Steinbock Johanna , Sachse Jan
Published: July 2021

Wasserstoff gilt als alternativer Energieträger der Zukunft. Um diesen über große Strecken zu transportieren, bedarf es eines speziellen Sicherheitskonzepts. Betreiber sind dazu verpflichtet, beim Wasserstofftransport in Bestands- und Neubauleitungen die Lebensdauer ihrer Pipelines bruchmechanisch nachzuweisen. Experten von TÜV Süd liefern fundierte Prognosen.
Central tendency biases must be accounted for to consistently capture Bayesian cue combination in continuous response data
Authors: Aston Stacey , Negen James , Nardini Marko , Beierholm Ulrik
Published: July 2021

Observers in perceptual tasks are often reported to combine multiple sensory cues in a weighted average that improves precision—in some studies, approaching statistically optimal (Bayesian) weighting, but in others departing from optimality, or not benefitting from combined cues at all. To correctly conclude which combination rules observers use, it is crucial to have accurate measures of their sensory precision and cue weighting. Here, we present a new approach for accurately recovering these parameters in perceptual tasks with continuous responses. Continuous responses have many advantages, but are susceptible to a central tendency bias, where responses are biased towards the central stimulus value. We show that such biases lead to inaccuracies in estimating both precision gains and cue weightings, two key measures used to assess sensory cue combination. We introduce a method that estimates sensory precision by regressing continuous responses on targets and dividing the variance of the residuals by the squared slope of the regression line, “correcting-out” the error introduced by the central bias and increasing statistical power. We also suggest a complementary analysis that recovers the sensory cue weights. Using both simulations and empirical data, we show that the proposed methods can accurately estimate sensory precision and cue weightings in the presence of central tendency biases. We conclude that central tendency biases should be (and can easily be) accounted for to consistently capture Bayesian cue combination in continuous response data.
An algorithmic approach to determine expertise development using object-related gaze pattern sequences
Authors: Wang Felix S. , Gianduzzo Céline , Meboldt Mirko , Lohmeyer Quentin
Published: July 2021

Eye tracking (ET) technology is increasingly utilized to quantify visual behavior in the study of the development of domain-specific expertise. However, the identification and measurement of distinct gaze patterns using traditional ET metrics has been challenging, and the insights gained shown to be inconclusive about the nature of expert gaze behavior. In this article, we introduce an algorithmic approach for the extraction of object-related gaze sequences and determine task-related expertise by investigating the development of gaze sequence patterns during a multi-trial study of a simplified airplane assembly task. We demonstrate the algorithm in a study where novice (n = 28) and expert (n = 2) eye movements were recorded in successive trials (n = 8), allowing us to verify whether similar patterns develop with increasing expertise. In the proposed approach, AOI sequences were transformed to string representation and processed using the k-mer method, a well-known method from the field of computational biology. Our results for expertise development suggest that basic tendencies are visible in traditional ET metrics, such as the fixation duration, but are much more evident for k-mers of k > 2. With increased on-task experience, the appearance of expert k-mer patterns in novice gaze sequences was shown to increase significantly (p < 0.001). The results illustrate that the multi-trial k-mer approach is suitable for revealing specific cognitive processes and can quantify learning progress using gaze patterns that include both spatial and temporal information, which could provide a valuable tool for novice training and expert assessment.
EMPLOYABILITY OF SELECTED DATAMINING ALGORITHMS IN THE EARLY PREDICTION OF CORONARY DISEASES
Authors: Juneja Prachi
Published: July 2021

The objective of our work is to take apart unique data mining methods and procedures in the healthcare system that can use an assumption for coronary disease structure and their impact investigation. A coronary disease prediction model, which executes the data mining method, can help the therapeutic experts perceive the coronary sickness status subject to the patient's clinical data. Data mining description techniques for the great fundamental initiative in human system are specifically Decision trees, Naive Bayes, Neural Networks and Support Vector Machines. Hybridizing or merging any of these calculations makes decisions snappier and assigned dynamically. Information mining is a notable new improvement for extracting hypermetropic and critical information from enormous data sets to build significant and novel encounters. Using impelled data mining systems to extract essential information has been considered a fanatic method to improve human management organization's quality and precision while trimming down the social protection cost and execution time. Using this technique can expect the early detection of coronary disease. Using more information properties, for instance, could develop controllable and natural danger factors, progressively detailed results. Can also broaden this strategy. It can use an extensive part of data properties. Other data mining strategies use for forecasts, such as clustering, time series plan, and association rules. The unstructured data open in the human system industry information base can mine using content mining.
A Pragma – Discoursal Analysis of Famous Presidential Gaffes
Authors: Tariq Laith Safa , Hameed Prof. Sarab  Khalil
Published: July 2021

The present paper explores a pragma-discoursal study of impoliteness strategies in selected famous presidential gaffes. The paper analysed 20 US speeches to find out the common types of impoliteness strategies that are emerged in these gaffes. Results of the analysis show that ‘positive’ impoliteness has gained the outstanding occurrences followed by the ‘negative’ impoliteness. Other impoliteness strategies vary in rate according to the context in use. The speakers here tend to be impolite to make the listeners perceive their opinions. This is why ‘positive’ impoliteness takes place. ‘Negative’ impoliteness on the other hand, also shows fair use as the speakers sometimes tend to associate with others explicitly with negative aspects. Model of the analysis is adopted from Culpeper's (2005) that is flexible and applicable to different contexts.
Cartographic Analysis of the Geomorphological Hazards of the Eastern Part of Sheikh Saad Sub-District by Using GIS
Authors: Al-Jubouri Hind Fadhil Ibrahim , Raheem Firas S , Abdulridah Prof Dr Osama K , Kazem Prof Dr Ali A
Published: July 2021

Geographical information systems are the latest applied computer technologies that contribute to supporting contemporary geographical studies through the possibility of working on preparing a database of geographical phenomena and modeling them in a digital form by providing automated methods and a set of systems and programs for managing and processing data with spatial and non-spatial reference, which is one of the important functions in geographic information systems And the base on which it depends to reach the optimal decisions to reveal the spatial relationships and correlations between geographical phenomena and with high efficiency, to become the contemporary method in the method of processing and spatial analysis of geographical information instead of the old traditional methods of geographical analysis, and the system also allowed the geographical area to enter into the era of modern technologies to evaluate phenomena. Geographical forecasting.
The research materials and methods are determined by adopting topographical and geological maps, land-sat satellite visuals, and DEM data to form the search database, and based on the GIS program (Arc Map 9.3) and the (Global Mepper 11) program and the extensions of the (Arc Map 9.3) program, which are (Spatial Analysis) And the three-dimensional analysis (3D analysis), and the outputs are the final process through which the results of the research emerge.
These outputs show the type of information that will be processed and presented in the form of three-dimensional maps and shapes, studying the most important causes of geomorphological risks for the study area, and developing solutions and treatments through the conclusions and recommendations of the research.
LİSE SON SINIF ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN COVID-19 SALGININDAN KORUNMA TEDBİRLERİNE VERDİKLERİ DESTEK, RİSKLİ DAVRANIŞLARI VE YAŞÇILIK EĞİLİMLERİ
Authors: KUŞDİL M. Ersin , TOSUN Leman Pinar , ÖZTÜRK Ahu , ALPARSLAN Kenan , ÖZDEMİR Gamze , ÇAVUŞOĞLU Merve , KABLANOĞLU Anıl , KARLIDAĞ Sercan , POLAT Dilan
Published: July 2021

Türkiye’de COVID-19 salgınına yönelik kısıtlamaların yürürlüğe konduğu Nisan ayında, bir sağlık tedbiri olarak önce altmış beş yaş ve üstündekilere, sonrasında ise 20 yaş altındakilere sokağa çıkma yasağı getirilmiştir. Salgınla mücadelenin başarısı açısından, gençlerin resmî kurumlarca yürürlüğe konan bu tedbirlere yönelik tutumları önemlidir. Sağlık tedbirlerine uymamak, sağlığı tehlikeye atmaktır ve gençlerin riskli davranışlar sergilemeye eğilimleri olduğu bilinmektedir. Mevcut çalışmada, Türkiye’nin büyükşehirlerinde yaşayan gençlerin COVID-19 salgınıyla mücadeleye yönelik tedbirleri destekleme düzeyleri, bu desteğin, riskli davranış ve yaşçılık eğilimleriyle ilişkisi incelenmiştir. Veriler, 2096 (1461:K, 635:E) lise son sınıf öğrencisinden çevrimiçi anket yoluyla toplanmıştır. Öğrencilerin salgınla mücadele amaçlı kısıtlamaları büyük ölçüde destekledikleri, en az desteklenen kısıtlamaların seyahatler ve bir araya toplanmakla ilgili olanlar olduğu görülmüştür. Öz-bildirimlerine göre gençler, nadiren riskli davranışlarda bulunmaktadır ve düşmanca yaşçılık düzeyleri düşük, korumacı yaşçılık düzeyleri görece yüksektir. Bazı yaşam alanlarındaki riskli davranışlar (riskli trafik davranışları ve temizlik kurallarının ihlali) COVID-19 salgınından korunma tedbirlerini desteklemenin anlamlı yordayıcılarıdır ve korumacı yaşçılık, riskli davranışlar kontrol edildikten sonra bile, COVID-19 salgınından korunma tedbirlerini desteklemeyi yordamaktadır.
Sistem Informasi Monitoring Wajib Pajak Bumi Dan Bangunan Berbasis Web
Authors: Latowa Ferty Sri Muliati , Kaluku Mohamad Ramdhan Arif , Lahinta Agus
Published: July 2021

Pelaksanaan pemungutan Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan pemerintah desa mengalami kesulitan dalam pemantauan data wajib pajak baik yang telah lunas maupun yang belum lunas, kesulitan ketika mencari data berapa total pajak terhutang yang harus disetorkan, total pajak terhutang yang sudah disetorkan, dan total pajak terhutang yang belum disetorkan, serta pemerintah desa tidak dapat mengetahui informasi mengenai data wajib pajak yang belum membayar PBB pada tahun-tahun sebelumnya. Oleh karena itu diperlukan sistem terkomputerisasi dengan tujuan merancang Sistem Informasi Monitoring Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan Berbasis Web untuk memudahkan pemerintah desa dalam memantau data pembayaran wajib pajak. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode pengembangan sistem yaitu Prototype. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Sistem Informasi Monitoring Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan dapat membantu dalam pemantauan data Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan pada setiap wajib pajak dengan cepat dan tepat, menampilkan persentase total pajak terhutang pada laporan PBB berdasarkan kepala dusun, membuat laporan Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan, laporan keterlambatan pembayaran pajak dan dapat membantu pemerintah desa dalam pembuatan surat keterangan, dimana penduduk yang hendak mengurus surat akan dilayani jika Pajak Bumi dan Bangunan penduduk tersebut sudah lunas.

The implementation of collection of Land and Building Taxes, the village government has difficulties in monitoring taxpayer data, both those who have been paid and those that have not been paid, difficulties in finding data on how much total taxes owed must be deposited, total taxes owed that have been paid, and total taxes payable that have not been paid, as well as the village government cannot find out information regarding the data of taxpayers who have not paid PBB in previous years. Therefore, a computerized system is needed with the aim of designing a Web-based Land and Building Tax Monitoring Information System to facilitate village governments in monitoring taxpayer payment data. This study uses a qualitative research approach with a system development method, namely Prototype. The results of this study indicate that the Land and Building Tax Monitoring Information System can help in monitoring Land and Building Tax data for each taxpayer quickly and accurately, displaying the percentage of total taxes owed on the PBB report based on the hamlet head, making Land and Building Tax reports, tax payment delay reports and can assist the village government in making a certificate, where residents who want to take care of the letter will be served if the resident's Land and Building Tax has been paid off.
Pemetaan Kawasan Permukiman Kumuh Perkotaan Menggunakan Metode Simple Additive Weighting
Authors: Ahaliki Budiyanto
Published: July 2021

Saat ini permasalahan permukiman kumuh di perkotaan masih menjadi isu utama yang menjadi perhatian serius pemerintah daerah di Indonesia. Di pemerintahan daerah Kabupaten Bone Bolango, Provinsi Gorontalo, masalah yang dihadapi dalam menangani masalah permukiman kumuh perkotaan adalah belum adanya konsep penanganan kawasan permukiman kumuh dan pengelompokkan basis data kumuh berbasis spasial. Hal ini berakibat Pemerintah Kabupaten Bone Bolango sulit dalam mengambil keputusan penanganan kawasan permukiman kumuh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis konsep penanganan kawasan permukiman kumuh perkotaan di Kabupaten Bone Bolango. Data penelitian ini diperoleh melalui survey lapangan dengan kategori kawasan permukiman kumuh Ringan, Kumuh Sedang, dan Kumuh Berat. Penelitian ini menggunakan Metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) untuk melihat nilai bobot dari masing masing kriteria. Hasil analisis menunjukkan peta informasi permukiman kumuh dengan kategori kumuh ringan, kumuh sedang, kumuh berat di Kabupaten Bone Bolango yang dapat digunakan untuk membantu pemerintah daerah dalam pengambilan kebijakan penanganan kawasan permukiman kumuh perkotaan.

Currently, the problem of urban slums is still the main issue that is a serious concern of the local government in Indonesia. The problem faced by Bone Bolango district government in Gorontalo province in dealing with the problem of urban slums is the absence of the concept of handling slums and grouping spatially based slum databases. This resulted in bone bolango regency government difficult in making decisions on the handling of urban slums. The purpose of this study is to analyze the concept of handling urban slums in Bone Bolango regency. The research data was obtained through field surveys with categories of Light Slums, Medium Slums, and Heavy Slums. This study used the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) Method to look at the weight values of each criterion. The analysis shows an information map of slums in the category of light slums, medium slums, heavy slums in Bone Bolango regency that can be used to assist local governments in policy making handling urban slums.
Pengembangan Multimedia Interaktif Game-Based Learning Pada Mata Pelajaran IPA
Authors: Lamada Mustari S. , Ruslan Ruslan , Putriani Asmilah
Published: July 2021

Ketersediaan dan penggunaan media pembelajaran yang dapat menarik minat belajar siswa masih menjadi kendala di pihak guru sehingga saat ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan multimedia interaktif berbasis Game-based Learning (GBL) pada mata pelajaran IPA di SMPN 5 Polongbangkeng Utara, Kabupaten Takalar. Model pengembangan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah model yang diadaptasi dari model pengembangan ADDIE yang terdiri atas lima langkah, yaitu: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, dan Evaluation. Data dikumpulkan melalui teknik observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi dan angket. Uji coba dilakukan melalui tiga tahapan uji coba, yaitu: uji coba perorangan, uji coba kelompok kecil dan uji coba lapangan. Untuk memperoleh data hasil uji coba, digunakan angket yang telah divalidasi. Data hasil angket dianalisis untuk mengetahui kesesuaian produk yang dikembangkan dengan tujuan khusus yang ingin dicapai. Berdasarkan pengujian validitas yang dilakukan oleh ahli materi dan ahli media dinyatakan bahwa media yang dikembangkan mendapat penilaian sangat baik dan dapat digunakan. Selain itu, hasil uji coba pada guru dan siswa mendapat respon sangat baik untuk digunakan dalam pembelajaran pada mata pelajaran IPA.

The availability and use of learning media that can attract students’ learning interests is still an obstacle the teachers face until now. This research aims to develop an interactive multimedia with game-based learning (GBL) in the science subject in SMPN 5 State Junior High School of Polongbangkeng Utara, Takalar Regency. The development method used was a method adapted from ADDIE development model that is comprised of five steps, namely: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. All data were collected from observation, interviews, documentation, and questionnaires. The trial was conducted in three stages of testing: individual tests, small group tests, and field tests. Validated questionnaires were used to acquire the data of the trials’ results. The data from the questionnaires were then analyzed to determine whether the developed product is compatible with the specific objective that wishes to be achieved. Based on the validity test conducted by material experts and media experts, the developed media was deemed excellent and usable. Furthermore, the teachers and students responded very well in the trials when the media was used in the science subject.
Penerapan Metode DESB dan EOQ untuk Prediksi Penjualan dan Persediaan Mobil
Authors: Tangahu Sri Rahayu , Koniyo Moh. Hidayat
Published: July 2021

PT. MG merupakan salah satu dealer yang bergerak dalam bidang penjualan mobil. Namun masih mengalami masalah dalam proses persediaannya sehingga membuat proses penjualan juga terganggu. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan yang dihadapi, PT. MG membutuhkan sebuah sistem peramalan untuk memperkirakan penjualan dan persediaan mobil. Tujuannya agar perusahaan dapat meramalkan penjualan mobil dan menentukan persediaan yang optimal pada periode yang akan datang. Sistem yang dibangun berbasis web dengan metode peramalan Double Exponential Smoothing dari Brown dengan nilai alpha α=0.5 yang mempunyai kesalahan peramalan terkecil menurut indikator MAD (Mean Absolute Deviation), sedangkan untuk optimalisasis perencanaan persediaan, digunakan metode Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) untuk perencanaan persediaan yang optimal. Adapun data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data historis penjualan selama 2 tahun terakhir. Sistem diuji menggunakan black-box dan white-box testing. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan sistem berjalan sesuai dengan yang diinginkan dan dapat mempermudah PT. MG dalam memperkirakan penjualan dan perencanaan persediaan pada periode yang akan datang.

PT. MG as a car sales dealer has problems in the inventory process, that may disrupt the sales process. To solve the problems, PT. MG needs a forecasting system to estimate car sales and supplies. The goal of this system is that the company can predict car sales and determine the optimal supply for the upcoming period. The system was built as a web application, and use the Double Exponential Smoothing forecasting method from Brown with an alpha value of α=0.5 which has the smallest forecast error according to the MAD (Mean Absolute Deviation) indicator. To optimize inventory planning, we use Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method to optimize supplies planning. The data used in this study are historical sales data for the last 2 years. The system was tested using black-box and white-box testing. The results of this study indicate that the system is fulfilling its requirements and are useful for predicting PT. MG sales and inventory planning in the coming period.
Rendészeti funkciótörténet
Authors: Tóth Nikolett Ágnes
Published: July 2021

In the literature on policing and law enforcement I am familiar with, mainly historical works can be found and less attention has been paid to the legal framework. In recognition of this, this work was born, in which I would like to present legal analyses together with historicity in several studies, during which I will first take stock of the most important findings and thoughts of great law enforcement scientists.
ON COUPLED SYSTEMS OF LIDSTONE-TYPE BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS
Authors: de Sousa Robert , Minhós Feliz , Fialho João
Published: July 2021

This research concerns the existence and location of solutions for coupled system of differential equations with Lidstone-type boundary conditions. Methodology used utilizes three fundamental aspects: upper and lower solutions method, degree theory and nonlinearities with monotone conditions. In the last section an application to a coupled system composed by two fourth order equations, which models the bending of coupled suspension bridges or simply supported coupled beams, is presented.
Persistent Non-Gaussian Structure in the Image of Sagittarius A* at 86 GHz
Authors: Issaoun S. , Johnson M. D. , Blackburn L. , Broderick A. , Tiede P. , Wielgus M. , Doeleman S. S. , Falcke H. , Akiyama K. , Bower G. C. , Brinkerink C. D. , Chael A. , Cho I. , Gómez J. L. , Hernández-Gómez A. , Hughes D. , Kino M. , Krichbaum T. P. , Liuzzo E. , Loinard L. , Markoff S. , Marrone D. P. , Mizuno Y. , Moran J. M. , Pidopryhora Y. , Ros E. , Rygl K. , Shen Z.-Q. , Wagner J.
Published: July 2021

Observations of the Galactic Center supermassive black hole Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) with very long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) are affected by interstellar scattering along our line of sight. At long radio observing wavelengths (≲1 cm), the scattering heavily dominates image morphology. At 3.5 mm (86 GHz), the intrinsic source structure is no longer sub-dominant to scattering, and thus the intrinsic emission from Sgr A* is resolvable with the Global Millimeter VLBI Array (GMVA). Long-baseline detections to the phased Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) in 2017 provided new constraints on the intrinsic and scattering properties of Sgr A*, but the stochastic nature of the scattering Requires multiple observing epochs to reliably estimate its statistical properties. We present new observations with the GMVA+ALMA, taken in 2018, which confirm non-Gaussian structure in the scattered image seen in 2017. In particular, the ALMA–GBT baseline shows more flux density than expected for an anistropic Gaussian model, providing a tight constraint on the source size and an upper limit on the dissipation scale of interstellar turbulence. We find an intrinsic source extent along the minor axis of ∼100 μas both via extrapolation of longer wavelength scattering constraints and direct modeling of the 3.5 mm observations. Simultaneously fitting for the scattering parameters, we find an at-most modestly asymmetrical (major-to-minor axis ratio of 1.5 ± 0.2) intrinsic source morphology for Sgr A*.
Multimessenger Pulsar Timing Array Constraints on Supermassive Black Hole Binaries Traced by Periodic Light Curves
Authors: Xin Chengcheng , Mingarelli Chiara M. F. , Hazboun Jeffrey S.
Published: July 2021

Supermassive black hole binary systems (SMBHBs) emitting gravitational waves may be traced by periodic light curves. We assembled a catalog of 149 such periodic light curves, and using their masses, distances, and periods, predicted the gravitational-wave strain and detectability of each binary candidate using all-sky detection maps. We found that the International Pulsar Timing Array (IPTA) provides almost uniform sky coverage—a unique ability of the IPTA—and by 2025 will improve NANOGrav’s current minimum detectable strain by a factor of 6 and its volume by a factor of 216. Moreover, IPTA will reach detection sensitivities for three candidates by 2025, and 13 by the end of the decade, enabling us to constrain the underlying empirical relations used to estimate supermassive black hole masses. We find that we can in fact already constrain the mass of a binary in Mrk 504 to M < 3.3 × 109
M
⊙. We also identify 24 high-mass, high-redshift galaxies that, according to our models, should not be able to host SMBHBs. Importantly, the GW detection of even one of these candidates would be an essentially eternal multimessenger system, and identifying common false-positive signals from nondetections will be useful to filter the data from future large-scale surveys such as LSST.
Mapping Solar X-Ray Images from SDO/AIA EUV Images by Deep Learning
Authors: Hong Junchao , Liu Hui , Bi Yi , Xu Zhe , Yang Bo , Yang Jiayan , Su Yang , Xia Yuehan , Ji Kaifan
Published: July 2021

The full-Sun corona is now imaged every 12 s in extreme ultraviolet (EUV) passbands by Solar Dynamics Observatory/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA), whereas it is only observed several times a day at X-ray wavelengths by Hinode/X-Ray Telescope (XRT). In this paper, we apply a deep-learning method, i.e., the convolution neural network (CNN), to establish data-driven models to generate full-Sun X-ray images in XRT filters from AIA EUV images. The CNN models are trained using a number of data pairs of AIA six-passband (171, 193, 211, 335, 131, and 94 Å) images and the corresponding XRT images in three filters: “Al_mesh,” “Ti_poly,” and “Be_thin.” It is found that the CNN models predict X-ray images in good consistency with the corresponding well-observed XRT data. In addition, the purely data-driven CNN models are better than the conventional analysis method of the coronal differential emission measure (DEM) in predicting XRT-like observations from AIA data. Therefore, under conditions where AIA provides coronal EUV data well, the CNN models can be applied to fill the gap in limited full-Sun coronal X-ray observations and improve pool-observed XRT data. It is also found that DEM inversions using AIA data and our deep-learning-predicted X-ray data jointly are better than those using AIA data alone. This work indicates that deep-learning methods provide the opportunity to study the Sun based on virtual solar observation in future.
Selection of Three (Extreme)Ultraviolet Channels for Solar Satellite Missions by Deep Learning
Authors: Lim Daye , Moon Yong-Jae , Park Eunsu , Lee Jin-Yi
Published: July 2021

We address the question of which combination of channels can best translate other channels in ultraviolet (UV) and extreme UV (EUV) observations. For this, we compare the image translations among the nine channels of the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) using a deep-learning (DL) model based on conditional generative adversarial networks. In this study, we develop 170 DL models: 72 models for single-channel input, 56 models for double-channel input, and 42 models for triple-channel input. All models have a single-channel output. Then we evaluate the model results by pixel-to-pixel correlation coefficients (CCs) within the solar disk. Major results from this study are as follows. First, the model with 131 Å shows the best performance (average CC = 0.84) among single-channel models. Second, the model with 131 and 1600 Å shows the best translation (average CC = 0.95) among double-channel models. Third, among the triple-channel models with the highest average CC (0.97), the model with 131, 1600, and 304 Å is suggested in that the minimum CC (0.96) is the highest. Interestingly, they represent coronal, upper photospheric, and chromospheric channels, respectively. Our results may be used as a secondary perspective in addition to primary scientific purposes in selecting a few channels of an UV/EUV imaging instrument for future solar satellite missions.
Diversity and distribution of vascular plants within the treeline ecotone in Mount Iremel (Southern Urals, Russia)
Authors: Trubina Marina , Nesterkov Alexey
Published: July 2021

During the last 100 years, rapid advances of trees towards higher elevations and latitudes have been recorded for various regions worldwide, including the Ural Mountains. Climate warming and tree cover increases can lead to significant changes in the high-mountain vegetation. Direct observations on the vegetation of high-mountain regions provide evidence for an increase in the species diversity of plants at high elevations and changes in the composition of the alpine communities. This study investigated the diversity and distribution of vascular plants within the present-day treeline ecotone in Mount Iremel, the Southern Urals.

The dataset (Trubina and Nesterkov 2021, available from the GBIF network at https://www.gbif.org/dataset/284f1484-10b7-4ef5-87b7-9de1159e6b42) presents the results of an assessment of species richness and frequency of vascular plants at the different elevation levels (from 1203 to 1348 m a.s.l.) and different biotopes (birch-spruce shrub forest, birch-spruce sparse forest and spruce forest with fragments of meadow plant communities) within the treeline ecotone in Mount Iremel, Southern Urals. Observations were carried out at 700 sampling plots with two estimation methods: small-size plot (0.5 × 0.5 m) sampling (672 plots in total) and large-size plot (10 × 10 m) sampling (28 plots). The dataset includes 700 sampling events (= sampling plots), corresponding to 5585 occurrences (vascular plants, mainly identified to species) observed during July 2003. Only occurrences containing plant taxa (occurrenceStatus = present) have been provided. The dataset includes information about distribution and frequency of the Ural endemic species (Anemone narcissiflora subsp. biarmiensis (Juz.) Jalas, Calamagrostis uralensis Litv., Cerastium krylovii Schischk. & Gorczak., Festuca igoschiniae Tzvel., Hieracium iremelense (Elfstr.) Üksip, Lagotis uralensis Schischk, Pleurospermum uralense Hoffm.) and the Pleistocene relict species (Alopecurus magellanicus Lam., Bistorta vivipara (L.) Delarbre, Cerastium pauciflorum Stev. ex. Ser., Pedicularis oederi Vahl, Saussurea controversa DC., Swertia perennis L.). The dataset also provides information that can be useful for estimating biodiversity and plant communities composition within the treeline ecotone at a specified time period and contributes to the study of biodiversity conservation in the Ural Region.
Morphology of pollen in Ferula genus (Apiaceae)
Authors: Başer Birol , Sagıroglu Mehmet , Dogan Gulden , Duman Hayri
Published: July 2021

In this study, the pollen morphology of all Ferula species distributed throughout the country of Turkey was studied with light and scanning electron microscopy for the first time. The aim is to identify the pollen morphological characteristics of 23 Ferula species. The pollen is radially symmetrical, isopolar and tricolporate in all examined species. Pollen grains are prolate and perprolate with the polar axis ranging from 22.28 to 40.47 µm and the equatorial axis from 13.70 to 18.73 µm. Their polar shapes are triangular, triangular to subtriangular and circular to subcircular. Several types of exine ornamentations have been observed on pollen through the use of scanning electron microscopy. The dendrogram constructed by using Average Linkage of the examined data revealed two main groups. It was determined that some pollen characteristics are more useful for classification than others. In particular, P, E, the ratio of P/E (pollen shape) and ornamentation in the polar and equatorial views are the most valuable variables for discrimination the Ferula species.
Un impérialisme sur la défensive. La politique africaine de l’Espagne face à l’Angleterre et à la France, depuis le traité d’Utrecht (1713) jusqu’à l’indépendance du Maroc (1956)
Authors: Martin Corrales Eloy
Published: July 2021

La politique impérialiste africaine de l’Espagne n’a pas de lien direct, comme on l’a longtemps affirmé, avec le désastre colonial de 1898 (perte de Cuba, Porto Rico et Philippines). Ses véritables déterminants furent plutôt les intérêts stratégiques (défense de l’Espagne méridionale face à une possible menace française et résistance à la pression croissante exercée par le Royaume-Uni) et économiques (richesse de la colonie de Guinée qui fut rentable dès les années 1880, importance des pêcheries sahariennes et besoin chronique de main-d’œuvre à Cuba). Ces différents objectifs impliquèrent aussi bien la péninsule que l’archipel des Canaries ou encore les colonies antillaises – Cuba en premier lieu. La politique africaine, mise en œuvre tout au long du xix e siècle par l’Espagne, fut également déterminée par la rivalité existant avec la France et le Royaume-Uni. Pour s’affirmer, l’Espagne recourut aussi bien à l’impérialisme formel qu’informel, dans la mesure où l’on peut les distinguer.
Les factoreries négrières espagnoles des côtes africaines (1815-1860)
Authors: Rodrigo Y Alharilla Martin
Published: July 2021

Cet article analyse la présence et l’activité des factoreries espagnoles établies, entre 1815 et 1860, en divers points des côtes africaines. Ces établissements exerçaient deux types complémentaires de commerce : le premier, la traite des esclaves, était clairement illégal ; le second, l’importation de marchandises, était parfaitement légal. Cette contribution s’intéresse plus particulièrement aux implantations de l’embouchure du fleuve Gallinas, dans une région aujourd’hui partagée entre le Libéria et la Sierra Leone. Dans la première moitié du xix e siècle, ces factoreries formèrent une sorte de protectorat hispano-cubain informel dont l’exisence et la longévité dépendaient, pour l’essentiel, des besoins de l’économie cubaine en main-d’œuvre servile. Nous montrons ensuite que la lutte acharnée des Britanniques contre la traite, tout comme la complicité – en dépit de l’illégalité du commerce des esclaves – entre les négriers hispano-cubains et de nombreux fonctionnaires espagnols, doivent être replacées dans le contexte plus large des rivalités impériales entre le Royaume-Uni et l’Espagne.
Enfouis dans l’impasse : déchets radioactifs, fédéralisme et démocratie dans le Sud-ouest états-unien
Authors: Genay Lucie
Published: July 2021

En mars 2017, le budget du gouvernement de Donald Trump proposait 120 millions de dollars pour relancer le projet de Yucca Mountain au Nevada prévu pour l’enfouissement de déchets radioactifs de haute activité et à vie longue (HAVL) d’abord approuvé par George W. Bush en 2002 puis avorté par Barack Obama en 2009. Si ce va-et-vient semble indiquer une polarisation bipartite sur ce sujet épineux, les quarante années de débat depuis le Nuclear Waste Policy Act de 1982 sont révélatrices de toute la complexité du problème auquel sont confrontées toutes les nations électronucléaires. Cet article interroge comment le fédéralisme états-unien et la crise de la confiance accordée au gouvernement fédéral et aux experts permettent d’expliquer les ressorts spécifiques de ce blocage mondial.
Apocalypse Divided: Analyzing Power, Media, and Climate Change Before and After Trump
Authors: Morris Hanna E.
Published: July 2021

Alors que l’opinion publique et les grands médias n’ont jamais accordé autant d’attention à la crise climatique (une évolution qui se produit dans le contexte de l’élection de Donald Trump en 2016 et de la montée de tendances autoritaires aux États-Unis), il est crucial d’analyser les représentations des menaces portées par la crise climatique mais aussi la manière dont ces représentations façonnent les réponses apportées à cette crise. À travers une analyse critique du discours fondée sur le contexte historique ainsi que sur les théories culturelle, féministe, postcoloniale et décoloniale du pouvoir, cet article interroge les processus culturels d’effacement par lesquels les inégalités face aux risques environnementaux sont obscurcies et les asymétries de pouvoir se trouvent renforcées par le discours et les manières de percevoir le monde.
Pourquoi les néoconservateurs se sont-ils opposés à Donald Trump ? Les fondements idéologiques d’un rejet affirmé
Authors: Bourgois Pierre
Published: July 2021

Les néoconservateurs américains ont fait partie des nombreux opposants à Donald Trump. Pourtant proches des rangs républicains, ces derniers ont effectivement affiché, pour la plupart d’entre eux, un rejet affirmé du 45 e président des États-Unis. Cette opposition s’est en réalité forgée dès la campagne présidentielle durant laquelle les neocons se sont employés à éviter la nomination du milliardaire américain par le GOP. Cet article a donc pour objectif de s’interroger sur les raisons de l’opposition néoconservatrice à Donald Trump. Plus particulièrement, il envisage d’analyser, en matière de politique étrangère, les fondements idéologiques d’un tel rejet.
Les services de renseignement et la résurgence des rivalités de puissances
Authors: Renault Clément
Published: July 2021

Les services de renseignement ont dû s’adapter aux exigences de l’ordre international. Celui-ci évolue rapidement avec la résurgence des rivalités de puissances concurrentes et antagonistes. Les menaces se sont complexifiées et s’étendent sur des champs élargis. Les services devraient continuer à évoluer pour répondre à leurs autorités avec plus d’efficacité.
Le renseignement, potentiel pilier des questions climatiques
Authors: Georgelin Estéban
Published: July 2021

Le réchauffement climatique pose de vraies questions de sécurité avec des évolutions complexes à évaluer. D’où l’intérêt à utiliser des outils spécifiques du renseignement pour mieux évaluer et donc anticiper d’éventuelles crises posées par ce défi global.
Violences sexuelles et droit des conflits armés : une approche féministe
Authors: Wéry Marine
Published: July 2021

Depuis plusieurs décennies, de nombreuses théories féministes du droit international ont vu le jour dans la littérature anglo-saxonne, en particulier à propos de la question des violences sexuelles commises en situation de conflit armé. Ces analyses résonnent cependant encore assez peu dans le monde académique francophone. Cette contribution propose donc de présenter une série de réflexions féministes particulièrement pertinentes mais encore rarement mobilisées lorsque la problématique des violences sexuelles perpétrées en temps de guerre est abordée d’un point de vue juridique. Dans un premier temps, ce texte examine sous l’angle du féminisme critique les instruments conventionnels internationaux ayant vocation à régir la thématique spécifique des violences sexuelles commises durant les conflits armés, à savoir le droit international humanitaire et le droit international pénal. Dans un second temps, cette perspective d’analyse est étendue au droit international humanitaire dans son ensemble, questionnant aussi bien la place que l’absence de place que cette branche du droit accorde aux femmes.
La théologie rahnérienne de la grâce et « L’Église et les autres »
Authors: Comeau Geneviève
Published: July 2021

Le travail théologique de Rahner a accompagné Vatican II dans son changement de regard sur les autres religions. L’originalité de Rahner a été de dire comment des hommes peuvent être sauvés en dehors d’une foi explicite au Christ. Ce comment est fondé dans sa théologie de la grâce : tout être humain est destinataire de l’offre de la grâce divine, et reçoit la capacité de s’y ouvrir.
Être et sujet
Authors: Epis Massimo
Published: July 2021

Pour vérifier la force d’inspiration de la pensée rahnérienne, l’article examine l’élément philosophique considéré comme une présupposition transcendantale au sein du discours théologique. En discutant l’accusation d’immanentisme que Cornelio Fabro adresse au Vorgriff rahnérien, on peut atteindre l’«  intentio profundior  » de Rahner et montrer comment la question ontologique est d’emblée considérée comme question anthropologique. Pour surmonter une conception de la vérité, comprise comme a priori de l’autoréalisation du sujet, on doit reconnaître le rôle constitutif du dynamisme de la liberté dans l’accès effectif à l’être. Sur cette base sera esquissé le caractère événementiel de la vérité, donc de son historicité.