bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Impact of high-sensitivity troponin elevation and dynamic changes on 90-day mortality in patients with acute ischemic stroke after mechanical thrombectomy: results from an observational cohort
Authors: Chen Feng , Bai Xiaolin , Wang Xiuzhe , Zhang Liren , Wang Feng , Huang Ligang , Deng Jiangshan , Geng Zhi
Published: December 2022

Background

A study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hs-cTnI) elevation and hs-cTnI dynamic changes on 90-day mortality in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) treated with mechanical thrombectomy (MT).

Methods

Patients with AIS receiving MT were included in the study. Sixty hours after AIS onset, hs-cTnI levels were measured before and after MT to determine elevated and dynamic changes. Patients were stratified into either normal or hs-cTnI elevation groups according to the pre-MT hs-cTnI cut-off value of 0.03 ng/L. hs-cTnI dynamic changes were defined as an increase or decrease of more than 20% pre-MT and post-MT, and at least one hs-cTnI level >0.03 ng/L. Multivariate Cox regression models were used to investigate the association between hs-cTnI elevation, hs-cTnI dynamic changes, and 90-day mortality in patients with AIS after MT.

Results

A total of 423 patients with AIS after MT were included in our final analysis, of whom only 72 (17%) showed hs-cTnI elevation. Post-MT hs-cTnI retesting was performed in 354 patients, and 90 (25.4%) patients presented with hs-cTnI dynamic changes. 119 patients died within 90 days. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, the Cox regression model showed that patients with hs-cTnI dynamic changes, rather than hs-cTnI elevation, were associated with 90-day mortality (p<0.05). Compared with the hs-cTnI non-dynamic changes, these results showed that a statistical association was present between rising hs-cTnI dynamic changes and 90-day mortality (p>0.05).

Conclusions

hs-cTnI dynamic changes, dominated by the rising pattern rather than hs-cTnI elevation, were independent factors associated with 90-day mortality in patients with AIS after MT, especially in elderly subjects.
Exploring patient’s experience and unmet needs on pregnancy and family planning in rare and complex connective tissue diseases: a narrative medicine approach
Authors: Marinello Diana , Zucchi Dina , Palla Ilaria , Aguilera Silvia , Galetti Ilaria , Holmner Monica , Sandulescu Silvia , Scarle Lucy , Tremarias Dalila , Bouillot Coralie , Cattaneo Laura , Gaglioti Andrea , Ticciati Simone , Brucato Antonio , Khamashta Munther , Shoenfeld Yehuda , Tincani Angela , Talarico Rosaria , Tani Chiara , Mosca Marta
Published: December 2022

Objective

The aim of this work is to explore patient’ unmet needs of rare and complex rheumatic tissue diseases (rCTDs) patients during pregnancy and its planning by means of the narrative-based medicine (NBM) approach.

Methods

A panel of nine rCTDs patients’ representatives was identified to codesign a survey aimed at collecting the stories of rCTD patients who had one or more pregnancies/miscarriages. The results of the survey and the stories collected were analysed and discussed with a panel of patients’ representatives to identify unmet needs, challenges and possible strategies to improve the care of rCTD patients.

Results

129 replies were collected, and 112 stories were analysed. Several unmet needs in the management of pregnancy in rCTDs were identified, such as fragmentation of care among different centres, lack of education and awareness on rCTD pregnancies among midwifes, obstetricians and gynaecologists. The lack of receiving appropriate information and education on rCTDs pregnancy was also highlighted by patients and their families. The need for a holistic approach and the availability specialised pregnancy clinics with a multidisciplinary organisation as well as the provision of psychological support during all the phases around pregnancy was considered also a priority.

Conclusion

The adoption of the NBM approach enabled a direct identification of unmet needs, and a list of possible actions was elaborated to improve the care of rCTD patients and their families in future initiatives.
Mining the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis, the leading role of the environment
Authors: Adami Giovanni
Published: December 2022

The environment plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including rheumatic musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs). Chronic exposure to air pollution has been associated with a number of detrimental effects on the immune system, including direct activation of autoimmunity and autoantibodies production. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a paradigmatic example of the link between environmental stimuli and development of autoimmunity. Recent evidence has confirmed such association and provided further indication of the strict relationship between the lungs and the synovial tissue. Hard rock mining and chronic exposure to airborne fine particulate matter have been associated with higher risk of developing RA. In addition, new evidence showed a peculiar association between acute exposure to toxic inhalants and risk of RA flare. In conclusion, the environment is the straw that breaks the camel's back, unfortunately the “straws” are rapidly accumulating, and their burden is projected to increase accordingly.
Two-Way Non-Uniform Finite Automata
Authors: Frei Fabian , Hromkovič Juraj , Královič Rastislav , Královič Richard
Published: December 2022

We consider two-tape automata where one tape contains the input word [Formula: see text] and the other an advice string [Formula: see text]. Such an automaton recognizes a language [Formula: see text] if there is an advice function for which every word on the input tape is correctly classified. This model has been introduced by Küçük et al. with the aim of modeling non-uniform computations on finite automata. So far, most results concerned automata with 1-way tapes, both for the input and the advice. First, we show that making just one of the tapes 2-way already increases the model’s power. Then we consider the case where both tapes are 2-way, which can also be viewed as a restricted version of the non-uniform families of automata used by Ibarra and Ravikumar to define the class NUDSPACE . We show this restriction to be not too significant since, e.g., [Formula: see text]DFA/poly), i.e., the languages recognized by automata with 2-way input and advice tape with polynomial advice, equals [Formula: see text]. Hence, we can show that many interesting problems concerning the state complexity of families of automata carry over to the problems concerning the advice size of non-uniform automata. In particular, the question whether there can be a more than polynomial gap in advice between determinism and nondeterminism is of great interest: The existence of a language that is recognized by a 2-way NFA with a constant number of advice heads and polynomial (resp. logarithmic) advice, while a corresponding 2-head DFA needs exponential (resp. polynomial) advice, would imply [Formula: see text] (resp. [Formula: see text]). We show that for advice of size [Formula: see text] there is no gap between determinism and nondeterminism, and that the gap is at most exponential.
3D Image reconstruction using C-dual attention network from multi-view images
Authors: Kamble Tanaji Umaji , Mahajan Shrinivas Padmakar
Published: December 2022

3D image reconstruction using multi-view imaging is widely utilized in several application domains: construction field, disaster management, urban planning, etc. The 3D reconstruction from the multi-view image is still challenging due to the high freedom and inaccurate reconstruction. This research introduces the hybrid deep learning technique for reconstructing the 3D image, in which the C-dual attention layer is proposed for generating the feature map to support the image reconstruction. The proposed 3D image reconstruction uses the encoder–decoder–refiner which is utilized for reconstruction. Initially, the features are extracted from the AlexNet and ResNet-50 features automatically. Then, the proposed C-dual attention layer is utilized for generating the inter-channel and inter-spatial relationship among the features to obtain enhanced reconstruction accuracy. The inter-channel relationship is evaluated using the channel attention layer, and the inter-spatial relationship is evaluated using the spatial attention layer of the encoder module. Here, the features generated by the spatial attention layer are combined to form the feature map in a 2D map. The proposed C-dual attention encoder provides enhanced features that help to acquire enhanced 3D image reconstruction. The proposed method is evaluated based on loss, IoU_3D, and IoU_2D, and acquired the values of 0.0721, 1.25 and 1.37, respectively.
Input Distribution Coverage: Measuring Feature Interaction Adequacy in Neural Network Testing
Authors: Dola Swaroopa , Dwyer Matthew B. , Soffa Mary Lou
Published: December 2022

Testingdeep neural networks (DNNs)has garnered great interest in the recent years due to their use in many applications. Black-box test adequacy measures are useful for guiding the testing process in covering the input domain. However, the absence of input specifications makes it challenging to apply black-box test adequacy measures in DNN testing. TheInput Distribution Coverage (IDC)framework addresses this challenge by using a variational autoencoder to learn a low dimensional latent representation of the input distribution, and then using that latent space as a coverage domain for testing. IDC applies combinatorial interaction testing on a partitioning of the latent space to measure test adequacy. Empirical evaluation demonstrates that IDC is cost-effective, capable of detecting feature diversity in test inputs, and more sensitive than prior work to test inputs generated using different DNN test generation methods. The findings demonstrate that IDC overcomes several limitations of white-box DNN coverage approaches by discounting coverage from unrealistic inputs and enabling the calculation of test adequacy metrics that capture the feature diversity present in the input space of DNNs.
A Switching NMOS Based Single Ended Sense Amplifier for High Density SRAM Applications
Authors: Rawat Bhawna , Mittal Poornima
Published: December 2022

The demand for single ended static random access memory is growing, driven by the decreasing technology node and increasing processing load. This mandates the need for a single ended sense amplifier to be used along with the memory. Consequently, a single ended latch based sense amplifier is proposed in this article for high-speed, low power application. The sense amplifier is designed at a 32 nm technology node and its functioning is analyzed at 1 V supply voltage, while the environment temperature is maintained at 27 °C. It is analyzed for its delay, temperature tolerance, variability tolerance, and area occupancy. The delay requirement of 0.2 ns for the proposed scheme is significantly lower in comparison to its other counter parts. While, its false read time is 0.3μs. In terms of power consumption, the proposed sensing topology is marginally higher than SPSS, but its leakage power is 1.4 times less than SPSS. The major advantage of the proposed SA is its reduced area footprint of 7.65 μm
2
, which is 1.78 times better than the best pre-existing topology in terms of area.
Explicit Expression for Arbitrary Positive Integer Powers of Special Sparse Matrices
Authors: Beiranvand Mohammad , Ghasemi Kamalvand Mojtaba
Published: December 2022

Sparse matrices appear frequently in mathematical models. In this paper, we firstly present a general expression for the entries of the r th (r ∈ ℕ) power of a certain n‐square sparse matrix, in terms of the Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind. Secondly, we present a method for integer positive powers of the skew matrix corresponding to these sparse matrices. This method will be inspiring to calculate the positive integer powers of the similar matrices. Finally, we present some examples to illustrate our results. Also, we give maple 18 procedures in order to verify our calculations.
Physical and Mechanical Behaviour of Silane-Modified Coconut Inflorecence/Glass Fibril-Fortified Hybrid Epoxy Composites
Authors: Jayachitra R. , Srinivasa Rao M. S. , Bodukuri Anil Kumar , Lemma Eyuel Abate
Published: December 2022

Augmenting concern towards effective utilization of agro waste into useful products has fomented the scientific community to look for alternate source of materials. On circular economy contemplation, natural fibers extricated from agro waste have a potential headway towards evolution of newer materials. Natural fiber hybridized with glass fiber and fortified with epoxy matrix has been found to be a promising material with unique characteristics to suit a wide variety of applications. The hydrophilic natural fibers have a resistance to bind with the polymer matrix; as a result, interfacial adhesion is limited, thereby mechanical properties of the composites are not much appreciable. In this present research, the lignocellulose fibrils extracted from coconut inflorescence were subjected to three types of silane modifications, namely, KH550 (amino silane), KH560 (epoxy silane), and KH570 (methyl silane) before hybridization. The effect of silane modification on the functional groups was investigated. The KH570 silane-modified inflorescence fiber hybridized with glass fiber and fortified epoxy composites were found to exhibit utmost tensile and flexural strengths of 102.6 MPa and 166.89 MPa, respectively. FTIR analysis confirmed KH570 silane modification leads to condensation reaction between interface of fibers and matrix. SEM analysis also confronted the elimination of functional groups present in the coconut inflorescence fibers.
Dual Roles of Lactate in EGFR-TKI-Resistant Lung Cancer by Targeting GPR81 and MCT1
Authors: Ma Ruishuang , Li Xin , Gong Shengping , Ge Xiaoqin , Zhu Ting , Ge Xiaoxu , Weng Lijuan , Tao Qingsong , Guo Jianxin
Published: December 2022

Lactate is critical in modeling tumor microenvironment causing chemotherapy resistance; however, the role of lactate in tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) resistance has not been fully known. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether lactate could mediate TKI resistance through GPR81 and MCT1 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we showed that lactate enhanced the cell viability and restrained erlotinib-induced apoptosis in PC9 and HCC827 cells. GPR81 and AKT expression were significantly increased with the addition of lactate, and siGPR81 reduced AKT expression resulting in a raised apoptosis rate with erlotinib treatment. Furthermore, we found that lactate also promoted MCT1 exposure, and inhibiting MCT1 with AZD3965 markedly impaired the glycolytic capacity. A significant increase of GPR81 and MCT1 expression was observed in insensitive tissues compared with sensitive ones by immunostaining in NSCLC patients. Our results indicate that lactate adopts dual strategies to promote TKI resistance in NSCLC, not only activating AKT signaling by GPR81, but also giving energy supply through MCT1-mediated input. Targeting GPR81 and MCT1 may provide new therapeutic modalities for TKI resistance in NSCLC.
Atrioventricular Conduction Disorders as a Complication of Inferior ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction in Patients with COVID-19 Infection
Authors: Alahmad Yaser , Al-Tamimi Hassan , Khazaal Fadi , Elhassan Mawahib , Arabi Abdulrahman , Al Suwaidi Jassim , AlQahtani Awad , Asaad Nidal
Published: December 2022

This case series demonstrates how COVID-19 infection might affect the heart in the context of acute myocardial infarction. Atrioventricular (AV) block might appear as one of the significant cardiac complications of acute MI in patients who tested COVID-19 PCR positive regardless of the presence of CVOID-19 infection symptoms. In our series, conduction disorders as a complication of acute inferior STEMI are more common in patients who tested positive for the COVID-19 infection. 11 patients out of 18 inferior STEMI patients who have tested positive for the COVID-19 infection have atrioventricular block disorders.
A Hyperparameter Optimization Algorithm for the LSTM Temperature Prediction Model in Data Center
Authors: Wang Simin , Ma Chunmiao , Xu Yixuan , Wang Jinyu , Wu Weiguo
Published: December 2022

As the main tool to realize data mining and efficient knowledge acquisition in the era of big data, machine learning is widely used in data center energy-saving research. The temperature prediction model based on machine learning predicts the state of the data center according to the upcoming tasks. It can adjust the refrigeration equipment in advance to avoid temperature regulation lag and set the air conditioning temperature according to the actual demand to avoid excessive refrigeration. Task scheduling and migration algorithm based on temperature prediction can effectively avoid hot spots. However, the choice of hyperparameter of machine learning model has a great impact on its performance. In this study, a hyperparameter optimization algorithm based on MLP is proposed. On the basis of trying certain hyperparameters, the MLP model is used to predict the value of all hyperparameters’ space, and then, a certain number of high-quality hyperparameters are selected to train the model repeatedly. In each iteration, the amount of training data decreases gradually, while the accuracy of the model improves rapidly, and finally, the appropriate hyperparameter are obtained. We use the idea of mutation in the genetic algorithm to improve the probability of high-quality solutions and the loss function weighting method to select the solution with the best stability. Experiments are carried out on two representative machine learning models, LSTM and Random Forest, and compared with the standard Gaussian Bayes and Random Search method. The results show that the method proposed in this study can obtain high-precision and high-stability hyperparameter through one run and can greatly improve the operation efficiency. This algorithm is not only effective for LSTM but also suitable for other machine learning models.
Headway Optimisation for Metro Lines Based on Timetable Simulation and Simulated Annealing
Authors: Cui Yong , Yu Qing , Wang Chenyang
Published: December 2022

To improve the capacity of metro systems, it is important to evaluate and minimise headway, which is defined as the time interval calculated from “head to head” between two successive trains in this paper. With existing approaches for headway optimisation, the headway for moving block systems is often calculated based on the safe braking distance. However, the blocking time at movable elements (e.g., switches and crossings) and stops has special characteristics. Since train separation is dominated by a signalling system, the distance between two successive trains at movable elements and stops exceeds the safe braking distance. In this work, the theory for building a blocking time model and calculating line headway for moving block systems is investigated. A workflow to minimise line headway is designed to derive an optimised velocity profile before the identified bottlenecks. Several different optimisation algorithms, including grid search, Monte Carlo, and simulated annealing, are developed and compared. Among them, simulated annealing shows the best optimisation capability with the least computational effort. The designed algorithm has been tested for Hefei-Metro Line 1, and the line headway can be reduced from 116.776 seconds to 105.806 seconds. If the acceptable rate of the increased transport is set at 1%, the line capacity will increase by 6.5%.
An Efficient AP-ANN-Based Multimethod Fusion Model to Detect Stress through EEG Signal Analysis
Authors: K Saranya , S Jayanthy
Published: December 2022

Stress is a universal emotion that every human experiences daily. Psychologists say stress may lead to heart attack, depression, hypertension, strokes, or even sudden death. Many technical explorations like stress detection through facial expression, speech, text, physical behaviors, etc., were explored, but no consensus has been reached on the best method. The advancement in biomedical engineering yielded a rapid development of electroencephalogram (EEG) signal analysis that has inspired the idea of a multimethod fusion approach for the first time which employs multiple techniques such as discrete wavelet transform (DWT) for de-noising, adaptive synthetic sampling (ADASYN) for class balancing, and affinity propagation (AP) as a stratified sampling model along with the artificial neural network (ANN) as the classifier model for human emotion classification. From the EEG recordings of the DEAP dataset, the artifacts are removed, the signal is decomposed using a DWT, and features are extracted and fused to form the feature vector. As the dataset is high-dimensional, feature selection is done and ADASYN is used to address the imbalance of classes resulting in large-scale data. The innovative idea of the proposed system is to perform sampling using affinity propagation as a stratified sampling-based clustering algorithm as it determines the number of representative samples automatically which makes it superior to the K-Means, K-Medoid, that requires the K-value. Those samples are used as inputs to various classification models, the comparison of the AP-ANN, AP-SVM, and AP-RF is done, and their most important five performance metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and specificity were compared. From our experiment, the AP-ANN model provides better accuracy of 86.8% and greater precision of 85.7%, a higher F1 score of 84.9%, a recall rate of 84.1%, and a specificity value of 89.2% which altogether provides better results than the other existing algorithms.
X ENCUENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN ODONTOLOGÍA UC
Authors: MEDICA ARS
Published: December 2022

Los días viernes 22 y sábado 23 de abril se realizó de forma presencial el X Encuentro de Investigación de Odontología UC. Este evento fue organizado por la Comisión de Investigación de la Escuela, junto a la Comisión Científica de Estudiantes (CCEO UC). En este encuentro, fueron presentadas 2 conferencias, 5 presentaciones de profesores de la Escuela de Odontología, 6 trabajos de investigación, 4 casos clínicos y 12 revisiones narrativas o sistemáticas en los que participaron estudiantes de pregrado de nuestra Escuela y de varias Facultades de Odontología de nuestro país.
Detection of Acute Traumatic Coagulopathy by Viscoelastic Haemostatic Assays Compared to Standard Laboratory Tests: A Systematic Review
Authors: Forster Ellen K. , Hendel Simon , Mitra Biswadev
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The aim of this systematic review was to investigate whether viscoelastic haemostatic assays (VHAs) offer comparative diagnostic ability of acute traumatic coagulopathy (ATC) compared to the standard laboratory coagulation tests (SLCT). ATC is a complication of major trauma characterized by dysfunctional blood clotting, leading to an increased bleeding risk. Additionally, we aimed to analyse the association of VHA with blood product use and health outcomes. Methods: The search protocol was pre-published and completed on December 2, 2020, assessing manuscripts from 2000 until the present. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central, BIOSIS, Emcare, CINAHL, and additional online resources and referenced lists. Included were manuscripts that quantitatively reported the detection of ATC using VHAs and SLCTs. A meta-analysis was undertaken including observational studies that reported on patients with injuries to all body regions and results analysed using a random-effects model and reported using pooled odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: There were 14 observational studies and one randomized control trial involving 2,715 participants that satisfied inclusion criteria. We observed significant heterogeneity in the definitions of ATC, study design, setting, and patient population. Among observational studies that reported on patients with injuries to all body regions, VHAs were associated with higher odds of diagnosing ATC compared to SLCT (pooled OR 2.4; 95% CI: 1.4–4.1). There was inadequate evidence to suggest VHAs were associated with reduced blood product usage or lower mortality. Conclusion: VHAs detected more patients with ATC compared to SLCTs. However, the clinical significance and applicability of this finding remains unknown as translation to management was not adequately reported.
Associations between Hospitalization and Device-Assessed Physical Activity in a Representative Sample of Older Adults
Authors: del Pozo Cruz Borja , Alfonso-Rosa Rosa M. , López-Bueno Rubén , Fairclough Stuart J. , Rowlands Alex , del Pozo-Cruz Jesus
Published: December 2022

Background: Evidence investigating associations between hospitalization and physical activity is scarce and limited to specific populations of older adults. Objective: The current study aimed to describe the impact of past hospitalization on current physical activity levels of a large representative sample of European older adults with accelerometry data. Methods: A representative sample of 856 European older adults aged 50 years and over was included in this study. Hospital admission and utilization (i.e., accumulated times and length of stay in hospital) in the last 12 months were self-reported retrospectively. Physical activity volume (mg) and distribution of intensity (intensity gradient) were assessed with thigh-worn accelerometers. Results: Multivariate linear regressions indicated that hospital admission (15% of the sample) was associated with reduced physical activity volume (−4.29 mg; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), −9.07 to 0.47) of participants. Each additional hospital admission was associated with lower volume (−2.29 mg; 95% CI, −4.65 to 0.06) and poorer distribution of intensity (−0.07; 95% CI, −0.11 to −0.04). Total length of stay was not associated with physical activity. Conclusions: This study suggests that hospital admission and the number of times admitted, but not accumulated length of stay, may curb physical activity levels of older adults. Public health strategies to promote successful aging should target post-hospitalization physical activity.
The impact of prediabetes in the first trimester of pregnancy on the incidence of gestational diabetes
Authors: Luz Beatriz dos Santos , Cabral Rayanne Pereira , Souza Gustavo Vieira
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Prediabetes (PD) outside of pregnancy is a condition reflecting a significant loss of glucose tolerance, characterized in the laboratory by fasting glucose between 100 and 125 mg/dL or 2 hour glucose in the 75 g Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) between 140 and 199 mg/dL or by HbA1c levels between 5.7%-6.4% and is associated with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy, characterized by a fasting blood glucose between 92 and 125 mg/dL or an impaired OGTT value of 75 g between 24th and 28th weeks, is another condition that increases the risk of perinatal complications such as preeclampsia, cesarean section rate, macrosomia, and also the development of type 2 diabetes after delivery. Determining the prevalence of women diagnosed with prediabetes at the beginning of prenatal care and its association with the diagnosis of GDM is therefore of great importance for clinical, gynecological and obstetric care. Objective: the aim of the study is to determine the prevalence and association of prediabetes in the first trimester of pregnancy with the development of gestational diabetes

Methodology: It was carried out in the Clinical Hospital of Botucatu Medical School. Retrospective cohort study involving eligible pregnant women who underwent fasting glucose test (FG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) test up to the 14 th week of gestation without previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, and who underwent 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (between the 24th and 28th week). We excluded cases in which FG was between 92 mg/dL and 125 mg/dL, which were considered GDM, and cases with FG ≥ 126 mg/dL and/or HbA1c ≥ 6.5 % (overt diabetes). One thousand electronic medical records from between 2013 and 2021 were reviewed and a database was created. The partial results were presented as percentage and 95 Confidence Interval (95% CI). The association between HbA1c and GDM was presented as relative risk and 95% CI. Results: Among pregnant women with normal fasting glucose levels and HbA1c <5.7%, the incidence of GDM, diagnosed by OGTT, was 8.5% (6.4-11.3), while in the group with PD was 14.3% (5.8%-29.8%). The relative risk (RR) for developing GDM among the PD group was 1.7 (0.7-3.9). Discussion and conclusion: The association between prediabetes and gestational diabetes was not confirmed. However, these results are preliminary, and we need to reach the sample size calculated before starting the study to better understand these results. Furthermore, nonpregnant women with prediabetes are monitored and eventually treated, therefore, further studies are needed to evaluate the benefit of treating these pregnant women as recommended for the general population
PPRP and LPRP regenerative effect in 3D muscle injury celular model
Authors: Ranieri Beatrice Rodrigues , Sales Sofia Mila Cantu de , Filipone William , Rodrigues Wesley , Stilhano Roberta Sessa
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Extensive muscle injuries are a clinical challenge due to the formation of fibrous tissue that can lead to chronic pain and disability. Therefore, the search for alternative treatments to regenerate the injured muscle is mandatory. Platelet-Rich-Plasma is an autologous blood derivative in which platelet concentration is above peripheral blood levels. Platelets secrete growth factors and signalizing molecules and even though it is already used in clinical practice for tissue regeneration with positive outcomes, there are no concrete evidence of its efficacy on muscle tissue. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of PPRP (poor in leukocytes) and LPRP (rich in leukocytes) in 3D C2C12 muscle cell cultures, after injury with Cardiotoxin (CTX) and BaCl2. Methodology: On day 0 spheroids were prepared using scaffold-free technology in agarose micro-molds. Injury was induced two days later by adding CTX (1uM) or BaCl2 (0.7%). Murine PPRP and LPRP were added on day 4 and on day 6 the spheroids were collected for analysis. The volumes were calculated using brightfield images, and their viability was quantified by calcein/7AAD staining. Results: The spheroids were observed for 16 days. Regarding the spheroid volume, we could observe an exponential growth curve, reaching a plateau by day 12. On day 1, the volume was de 2,6x107 ± 3,83x106 um3 and on the last day, 8,68x107 ± 3,72x107 um3.The necrotic center volume was 5,96x106 ± 2,24x106 um3 on day one e presented a reduction tendency by the fourth day. The total spheroid volume was 2.7 X larger than the necrotic center volume after a week of growth (p<0.05), and 22X larger after 15 days (p<0.01). After characterization, the spheroid injury was standardized by adding com CTX 1uM, BaCl2 (1.4%) 50%, 12.5%, e 6.25% in volume, for 48 hours. Afterwards, injury was induced with com BaCl2 0.7% or CTX 1uM, followed by PRP treatments. BaCl2 injury led to 60.5% reduction in spheroid volume (p<0.001), and 54% reduction in its viability when compared to control group (p<0.05). There was no statistic difference between CTX spheroids volume and control group volumes, but CTX reduced viability in 80% (p<0.0001). In groups injured with BaCl2, LPRP treatment increased spheroid volume in 70% (p<0.05). However, there was no statistically significant increase in viability with PRP treatment. In Groups injured with CTX, treatment with PPRP increased viability in 50% and LPRP treated groups were 10X larger than CTX alone (p<0,0001), and 4X larger than the group treated with PPRP (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our data shows for the first time the characterization of a 3D muscle injury model, and the effects of PRP in viability increase and positive influence on the spheroid’s growth. Though preliminary, these results may have great relevance for future therapy studies and reducing animal model use.
Myoclonus-dystonia syndrome due to GNAO1 mutation: a case report
Authors: Lopes Bruna Marques , Nascimento Rafaela Farias Vidigal , Motta Camilla Caetano Alves da , Fujita Daniela Rumi , Motta Giovana Cassia de Almeida , Lara Júnior Nilton Alves , Aguiar Paulo Henrique Pires de
Published: December 2022

Introduction: Myoclonus-dystonia syndrome (MDS) is an autosomal-dominant movement disorder characterized by childhood-onset myoclonic jerks and dystonic symptoms. The estimated prevalence for MDS is 1/500.000 and usually it is associated with mutations in the epsilon-sarcoglycan (SGCE) gene. One rarer genetic cause for MDS is the GNAO1 mutation. Cytogenetically located on 16q13, this gene encodes a specific subclass of G protein, a signal-transducing molecule important to the central and peripheral nervous system. This heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein is composed of alpha, beta, and gamma subunits. The GNAO1 gene usually encodes for G-alpha-o, one of the four subclasses of the G-alpha subunit. GNAO1 variants can cause a wide clinical spectrum and the two major characteristic features caused by them are early-onset epileptic encephalopathies (EOEEs) and involuntary movements without seizures. Genetic testing for GNAO1 should be considered in patients with EOEE or involuntary movement with severe developmental delay. Objective: Our report is about a 2 years old female patient with MDS due to GNAO1 mutation, a rare genetic condition. The aim of the present case report is to highlight the relevance of genetic testing for GNAO1 in cases of MDS. Case Report: A 2-years-old female patient diagnosed with the Myoclonus-dystonia syndrome due to GNAO1 mutation presented multifocal dystonia and severe myoclonic jerks. GNAO1 is located on chromosome 16 (not X-linked) and the mutation was found by whole exome sequencing. The alteration in the position chr16.56.385.308 resulted from a G to A substitution. The glutamine at codon 246 was replaced with lysine. In addition, the electroencephalogram detected myoclonia with no loss of consciousness. In spite of the absence of epileptic encephalopathy, this neurodevelopmental disorder interferes with her daily tasks, particularly breastfeeding. Low doses of rivotril had been attempted for small periods of time. It is expected that, at the age of six years, she undergoes a neurosurgery to insert DBS (deep brain stimulation) in the internal globus pallidus (GPi). DBS is an effective treatment for even the severe MDS and surgery at an early stage may predict a better outcome.
Acne in the era of COVID-19 quarantine
Authors: Kelman Julia , Braga Lucas Nabahan , Moura Luis Henrique Barbizan de , Urbano Paulo
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The social isolation and stay at home order due to COVID-19 pandemic precipitate several emotional disorders and behavior changes, reflecting in new cutaneous manifestations, such as development of acne and also acne breakouts in a healthy population. Aims: Suggest a correlation between acne as well as the potential triggers and causes during quarantine. Objectives: Explore acne etiology along with acneiform eruptions based on biological and psychosocial aspects in this population. Methods: Cross-sectional, quantitative and descriptive study with a simple random sampling of 5.000 participants in social isolation in the absence of COVID-19 infection, however showing acne complaint. The participants completed a structured questionnaire in Google Forms Platform, distributed though social media. Results: Acne breakouts (55.4%), dietary supplements (5.6%), Whey Protein intake (8.1%), PCOS (9.8%), anxiety (89.8%), skin picking disorder (55.3%), dermatological cosmetics purchase without medical advice (61%), suspended acne treatment owing to pandemic (42.6%), skin xerosis (33.2%), itching (17.6%) and face peel (10%). Discussion: The worsening of acne seems to be a consequence of dysbiosis and comedogenesis, arisen from the new daily routine in home quarantine. For example, behavior disturbances, in particular anxiety and dietary changes, WHO recommendation to wear masks as a preventive measure of COVID-19, inadvertent use of dermatological cosmetics and interruption of current treatments for acne. Conclusion: The role of healthy body balance, social wellness in addition to maintaining daily habits are primordial for skin microbiota regulation, maintenance of skin protective barrier defense, immunity and self-esteem in purpose of avoiding acne.
Antenatal corticosteroids for prevention of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome multiple vs simple doses
Authors: Menegaço Carolina Batista , Arruda Marcelo Augusto Magalhães de , Koike Camila , Santos Vitória D'Almeida dos , Galletta Marco Aurelio Knippel
Published: December 2022

Objective: To analyze the major outcomes comparing single versus multiple courses of antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) therapy in women at high risk of premature delivery. Methods: This systematic review analyzed 20 articles that were selected from “Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde" of Pan American Health Organization. The terms “multiple courses” and “antenatal corticosteroids” were used to search in databases: MEDLINE, LILAC, CUMED and IBECS. Another 4 relevant articles outside this search and fit our inclusion criteria were added. Results: There is no consensus in literature about whether multiple doses of ACS are beneficial or harmful for the infant and women. The majority of the reviewed articles positioned against multiple corticosteroid therapy, due to possible neurological effects to the newborn and the no outstanding results compared to single dose. Although some studies demonstrated that multiple ACS might have benefits greater than harms. Independently of those opinions, there is one major difficulty to establish the benefits of multiple ACS: insufficient long-term evaluation of these infants. For this reason, there are several neutral articles. Conclusion: The different criteria of each study (e.g. gestational age, dosage of ACS, sample size), made it difficult to analyze the articles in a standard format. There might be advantages in corticoid therapy in lower gestational age. However, there is a lack of long-term studies with exposed infants, besides insufficient studies about the best methods to administer the ACS (dosage, number of doses, rescue dose, gestational age). More long-dated follow-up and studies about methodologies are necessary to conclude this hypothesis.
Negative self-perceived health in mothers of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Alves Aline Martins , Feitosa Guilherme Tosi , Slompo Nayara Ribeiro , Chociay Junior Sergio , Santos Edirlei Machado dos , Martins Tatiana Carvalho Reis , Luchesi Bruna Moretti
Published: December 2022

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic represents a major stressful event, drastically affecting the population's quality of life. In this context, self-perception of health stands out as an indicator of health itself, and is increasingly used in epidemiological studies given its validity and reliability. It is strongly associated with the real state of people's health, incorporating their physical, cognitive and emotional aspects, as well as a sense of well-being and satisfaction with life. The individual's perception of feeling sick does not come only from the physical sensations of pain and discomfort, but, above all, from the social and psychological consequences of ill health. Thus, women in particular, due to their social roles and the intensification of their workload, which has been accentuated in the pandemic context, have a higher prevalence of negative self-perception of health, justifying the importance of the study. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of negative self-perception of health in mothers during the pandemic and to relate it to sociodemographic and health variables. Methodology: Cross-sectional study, carried out in the second half of 2020, with 822 mothers (aged ≥ 18 years) of children and adolescents, who answered an online questionnaire containing sociodemographic and health variables. Self-perceived health was classified as positive (very good and good) or negative (regular, bad, and very bad). Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests were used for the analyses. Results: The mothers' mean age was 37.1 years, with 46.8% showing negative self-perception of health. Women who identified with a number of factors (had no partner; had completed ≤ 11years of schooling; were younger; slept fewer hours a night; were unemployed; felt overwhelmed in caring for their children; and suffered violence during the pandemic) had a significantly higher proportion of negative self-perception of health. Discussion and conclusion: The results of our study suggest worrying evidence of mothers' negative psychological response to the COVID-19 pandemic, since the high prevalence of negative self-perceived health may be associated with higher levels of depression, stress and anxiety. Thus, throughout the care process, attention should be paid to the biopsychosocial nature of the phenomena that make up the illness process, especially among the vulnerable population in question. Understanding and monitoring the health and quality of life of mothers during and after the pandemic is essential for carrying out preventive care and health promotion interventions and actions in primary healthcare settings in order to create and optimize policies aimed at managing the effects of this public health issue.
Eficácia dos benzodiazepínicos no tratamento de transtornos ansiosos: uma revisão de literatura
Authors: Ribeiro Gabriel Luiz de Jesus , Brito Josué da Silva
Published: December 2022

Com o crescente índice de transtornos ansiosos na população mundial, cresce a necessidade de se investigar psicofármacos que possibilitem experiências de tratamento, segurança e sustentabilidade ao paciente. Dessa forma, o objetivo desta pesquisa é realizar uma revisão sistemática metodológica acerca da eficácia dos benzodiazepínicos (BZ) para o tratamento de transtornos ansiosos (TA). Os estudos foram pesquisados nas bases de dados da PubMed e ScienceDirect, a partir dos descritores: “benzodiazepines” e “anxiety disorder”. Será utilizado o operador booleano “AND”. Foram revisados 27 artigos científicos, com amostra total de 120.418 pacientes de estudos publicados entre os anos de 2011 e 2021, sendo 15 revisões sistemáticas, 5 revisões sistemáticas com meta-análise, 2 meta-análises, 1 revisão sistemática com estudo original, 1 ensaio clínico, 1 ensaio clínico com caso controle, 1 ensaio clínico com estudo prospectivo e 1 estudo duplo cego com ensaio clínico utilizando placebo. Percebeu-se que os BZ se mostraram efetivos no tratamento de transtornos ansiosos (ansiedade generalizada e fobia social), mas inviável em termos de qualidade e seguridade em relação ao seu potencial de dependência a longo prazo. Novos medicamentos foram considerados como possível substituição do BZ para os TA. Novos estudos considerando outros transtornos ansiosos são necessários, além dos que foram abordados nesta pesquisa.
Correlação entre perda auditiva e controle glicêmico em pacientes diabéticos atendidos em um serviço de otorrinolaringologia
Authors: Nunes Daniel Muzyka Oyarzabal , Martinazzo Enzo Oku , Staub Felipe Cintra , Fazionato Felipe Montesano , Carbonar Francisco Lorenzo Frazon , Augustin Vitor , Giraldi Laura Martins , Santos Marco Cesar Jorge dos
Published: December 2022

Introdução: Perdas auditivas correspondem à quarta maior causa de incapacitação no mundo, com mais de um bilhão de pessoas com algum grau de perda, acarretando elevados gastos anuais. O déficit auditivo pode ser consequência de infecções, fatores genéticos, ambientais e comorbidades como hipertensão e diabetes mellitus (DM). Apesar de ainda o papel da DM na perda auditiva ser incerto, estudos sugerem que a microangiopatia e neuropatia diabéticas estejam envolvidas. Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil audiométrico de pacientes com DM atendidos em um ambulatório em Curitiba-PR. Métodos: Estudo observacional transversal com avaliação de 41 pacientes diabéticos entre abril de 2020 e março de 2021 quanto a queixa auditiva, presença de comorbidades e grau e tipo de perda auditiva. Resultados: A média de idade foi de 66,3 anos, sendo 63,4% do sexo feminino e o valor médio da hemoglobina glicada (HbA1c) foi de 7,67%. 82,9% dos pacientes apresentaram tinnitus e 68,3% apresentaram hipoacusia. 36,6% apresentaram hipertensão, enquanto 80,5% tinham dislipidemia. Quanto ao controle de glicemia, 65,9% tinham HbA1c ≥ 7%. Conclusões: A DM pode estar associada com perda auditiva, não sendo, contudo, possível constatar uma clara correlação de causa e efeito. Assim, novos estudos, mais aprofundados e com um N maior, são necessários.
Estudo transversal sobre o transtorno olfatório no COVID-19: características e fatores prognósticos
Authors: Vivan Jaine Miorando , Lopes Larissa , Enck Neto Aloysio
Published: December 2022

Objetivo: Apresentar as características e os fatores prognósticos da anosmia e hiposmia em pacientes infectados com COVID-19 em uma cidade no Brasil. Métodos: Estudo transversal através de contato telefônico, foi realizada uma pesquisa com questionário pré-estabelecido em uma população de 80 pacientes. Resultados: Entre os 80 participantes da pesquisa, 66,3% eram do sexo feminino. 90% relataram anosmia e 10% relataram hiposmia. 5% dos entrevistados evoluíram o quadro com internação hospitalar. 5% dos pacientes realizaram tratamento, sendo ele a terapia olfatória. Destes pacientes, 75% consideraram a terapia olfatória como um tratamento efetivo. Conclusões: O maior número de disfunção olfatória foi encontrado na menor faixa etária e em mulheres, variáveis associadas a um melhor prognóstico. A perda olfatória está relacionada com um curso mais brando da doença e consequentemente a um menor número de hospitalizações. Evidências apontam a terapia olfatória como um tratamento promissor.
Arquiatria edgariana: Edgar Allan Poe e a imagética arquitetônica da mente
Authors: Rosa Débora Souza da
Published: December 2022

Estuda-se aqui a construção dos espaços internos em dois contos de Edgar Allan Poe que dialogam com os estudos psiquiátricos de seu tempo, constituindo uma espécie de arquitetura particular de patologias da mente, como a esquizofrenia ilustrada em “The Tell-Tale Heart” (2004 [1843]) e o transtorno dissociativo de identidade em “William Wilson” (2004 [1839]). Compara-se Archiatric, série de imagens arquitetônicas refletindo psicopatologias, do ilustrador Federico Babina, com o trabalho narrativo-imagético da prosa de Poe. Objetiva-se uma análise da construção arquitetônica dos contos, do modo como os espaços, tanto infra- quanto superestruturais e ornamentais, são dispostos para descrever estados psíquicos conturbados por psicoses que começam a ser pesquisadas pela moderna psiquiatria. Em uma hermenêutica peculiar da mente, Poe dialoga com arquétipos, mitos e fábulas ocidentais, trazendo imagens do inconsciente para espaços concretos. Os contos serão analisados, portanto, de acordo com o arcabouço conceitual da poética do espaço, de Gaston Bachelard.
Cinematização, transcriação e adaptação: aspectos sobre o poético nas relações intersemióticas de Abril Despedaçado
Authors: Patrício Francisco Heitor Pimenta , Andrade Ana Carolina Negrão Berlini de
Published: December 2022

O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar as relações intersemióticas mantidas entre o livro Abril Despedaçado, de Ismail Kadaré, e o filme homônimo de Walter Salles. Propomo-nos a analisar os processos de construção da adaptação levando em consideração a presença de elementos poéticos nas duas obras, tanto a literária como a fílmica. Desse modo, realizamos uma pesquisa bibliográfica de cunho comparatista, na qual concluímos que a presença da poesia em ambas as obras se faz pela realização de procedimentos estéticos específicos de cada meio semiótico, como o uso do ritmo literário e da câmera subjetiva. Como aporte teórico, utilizamos as considerações de Paz, o qual defende que a poesia não está presa a fórmulas ou a um determinado gênero, mas pode estar presente nos mais variados contextos e produções. Também utilizamos Pasolini e sua teoria do Cinema de Poesia, que está em consonância com a teoria de Paz.