bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) uygulaması ve modifiye atmosferde paketlemenin ‘Fuerte’ avokado çeşidinin muhafazasına etkileri
Authors: Aydınlıoğlu Canan , Özdemir Ahmet Erhan , Ünlü Mustafa
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışma ile ‘Fuerte’ avokadolarında 1-Metilsiklopropen (1-MCP) uygulaması, modifiye atmosferde paketleme (MAP) ve MAP+1-MCP uygulamalarının depolama sırasında kaliteye etkileri araştırılmıştır. Kontrol ve uygulama yapılan meyveler 3 ay süreyle 6 °C sıcaklık ve %85-90 oransal nemde depolanmış ve ayda bir depodan çıkarılan örneklerin torba içindeki CO2 konsantrasyonları, ağırlık kayıpları, görünüş, meyve eti sertliği, kabuk ve et rengi, suda çözünebilir toplam kuru madde ve titre edilebilir asit miktarları, meyve suyu pH değeri, yağ ve kuru madde miktarları, mantarsal ve fizyolojik bozulmalar belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca her ay depodan çıkarılan meyveler raf ömrü için 3 gün süreyle 20 °C sıcaklık ve %70-75 oransal nemde bekletilmiştir. Avokadolar 6 C’de %85-90 oransal nemde MAP veya 1-MCP uygulandıktan sonra muhafaza edildiğinde depolama süresi sadece 2 ay olarak saptanmıştır. Yerel ve uzak pazarlar için MAP+1-MCP uygulanan avokado meyveleri kalitesini koruyarak 6 C sıcaklık ve %85-90 oransal nemde 3 ay başarıyla muhafaza edilmişlerdir. MAP+1-MCP uygulaması başarılı olmuştur. MAP+1-MCP uygulamasıyla avokadoların depolama süresi 1 ay uzatılarak 3 aya çıkartılabilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar uzun ve kaliteli bir depolama için MAP+1-MCP uygulamasının avokadoların ticari ömrünü uzatmak için pratik bir yol sunacağını göstermektedir.
Kilis ilindeki zeytinlik alanları için toprak kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi
Authors: Şimşek Semercioğlu Tuğba , Kalkancı Nilgün , Kösetürkmen Serkan , Büyük Gökhan , Aslan Nevzat
Published: March 2023

Önemli bir potansiyele sahip olan Zeytin yetiştiriciliğinde, periyodisite ile beraber verim kaybının nedenleri bahçelerdeki bitki besleme durumu ve su yetersizliğidir. Çalışma, Kilis’te zeytin yetiştiriciliği yapılan toprakların bazı fiziksel, kimyasal özellikleri ve besin elementi içeriklerinin belirlenmesi için yürütülmüştür. Analizler, Merkez, Musabeyli, Elbeyli ve Polateli ilçelerinden 40 farklı köyden toplam 49 bahçeden aynı zamanda alınan toprak (0-30 cm) örneklerinde yapılmıştır. Toprak örneklerinde; alınabilir B, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn analizleri yapılmıştır. Toprakların bor içeriğinin %34.7’si az, %65.3’ü yeterli, Fe ve Cu içeriklerinin tamamının yeterli, Zn içeriğinin %28.6’sının çok az %65.3’ünün az %6.1’inin yeterli olduğu, Mn bakımından ise toprakların % 26.5’inin yeterli, %73.5’inin fazla olduğu belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca toprakların %58.3’ünün P, %27.1’ininde Mg bakımından yetersiz olduğu belirlenmiştir. B, Zn, P ve Mg bakımından önemli bitki beslenme sorunlarının olduğu belirlenmiştir. Mangan yönünden toprakların büyük bölümünün sınır değerlerin üzerinde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kilis ilinde gerçekleştirilen bu çalışmanın sonuçları dikkate alındığında zeytin yetiştirilen alanlarda Zn ve B gübrelerinin topraktan veya yapraktan uygulanması gerekliliği ortaya çıkmıştır.
Hatay ilinde zeytin yetiştiriciliğinin sosyo-kültürel analizi
Authors: Sezer İpek , Yaman İsmail , Deviren Sefer , Dağıstan Erdal , Toplu Celil
Published: March 2023

Bu çalışma kapsamında; 2019 yılında Hatay’ın zeytin üretimi konusunda önemli ilçelerinde tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemi ile belirlenen zeytincilik işletmelerinin özellikleri incelenmiştir. Hatay’da zeytin yetiştiriciliğinin mevcut durumunun analizi, üreticilerin teknik ve sosyo-kültürel yapısı ve üretimin yapısal sorunlarının tespiti ile tarımda faaliyet gösteren paydaş kuruluşların üreticiye yönelik faaliyet planlarıyla ilgili yol gösterici veriler elde edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı’nın Çiftçi Kayıt Sistemi verileri kullanılarak sahada uygulanan üretici anketleri yoluyla; Altınözü, Antakya, Yayladağı, Kırıkhan, Hassa, Samandağ ve Arsuz İlçelerinde belirlenen zeytin işletmelerinin, sosyo demografik özellikleri, kültürel özellikleri, hasat ve verim özellikleri ile üreticilerin yaşadığı sorunlar belirlenmiştir. Yapılan çalışmanın sonuçları üreticilerin belirli bir tecrübeye sahip olmasına rağmen budama ve zirai mücadele gibi bazı teknik konularda henüz yeterli düzeyde bilinçli olmadığını göstermektedir. Çalışmadan bölgede faaliyet gösteren ar-ge kuruluşları ve tarımsal yayım elemanları için önemli veriler elde edilmiştir. Bu veriler çiftçilere yönelik eğitim ve yayım çalışmalarının planlanması bakımından önemlidir.
Numerical Analysis on Cavitation-noise and Fluid-structure Interaction of AU-Outline GAWN Series and B-Series Marine Propellers
Authors: Alam Md. Iftekharul , Adib Abidur Rahman , Al Rifat Abdullah , Hassan Tafsirul , Rahman Md. Mizanur
Published: March 2023

Cavitation and cavitation-induced noise are harmful to both marine propellers and marine wildlife. Thus, it is required to reduce cavitation in marine propellers by developing the best design marine propellers. Moreover, proper material should be selected during the construction of marine propellers to withstand high-pressure loads. This paper presents an evaluation of the hydrodynamic characteristics such as cavitation and cavitation-induced noise of AU-outline GAWN series and B-series marine propellers at 0˚, 5˚, 10˚, and 15˚ rake angles using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis. Moreover, the study aims to find out the optimized propeller material among Nickel-Aluminum-Bronze (NAB), S2 glass, Aluminum 6061, and carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) materials. It is concluded that the lowest cavitation noises are 153.3 dB and 153.1 dB at a 10° rake angle for AU-outline GAWN series and B-Series marine propellers respectively. S2 glass is observed to be the optimum material at low rake angles, while CFRP is the optimum material at high rake angles compared to all other potential materials for both AU-outline GAWN series and B-series propellers.
La imaginación y la historia en el mural del Teatro de los Insurgentes de Diego Rivera
Authors: Comisarenco Mirkin Dina
Published: March 2023

Para comprender el complejo programa iconográfico desarrollado por Diego Rivera para su mural del Teatro de los Insurgentes (1953), considero la larga relación que el artista mantuvo con el teatro popular, sus ideas sobre la pintura histórica, y el concepto de “anti-historia”desarrollado por el destacado dramaturgo Rodolfo Usigli, quien fue una de las fuentes de inspiración principales utilizadas por el artista para su obra. Concluyo así que Rivera, en su mural, logró crear un drama visual “anti-histórico” con un contenido humano profundo, que trasciende el concepto de pintura histórica que caracterizó a sus obras públicas anteriores.
Predictive value of cardiovascular risk scoring systems for the detection of myocardial injury following carbon monoxide intoxication
Authors: Özkoç Mustafa , Aksakal Emrah , Derman Ömer Faruk , Saraç Ibrahim , Koza Yavuzer
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVES:

This single-center, retrospective study investigates the predictive value of cardiovascular (CV) risk-calculation systems in patients admitted to the emergency department with carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication for the identification of potential myocardial injury.

METHODS:

The total CV risk of 558 patients presenting to the emergency department with CO intoxication were calculated on admission using different CV risk scoring systems, including SCORE Turkey, European Heart SCORE, and FRAMINGHAM to predict potential myocardial injury secondary to poisoning, and the risk levels were categorized based on the calculated scores. The presence of myocardial injury was identified based on the level of elevation of a cardiac biomarker (Serum cardiac troponin-I >99th percentile upper reference limit).

RESULTS:

Myocardial injury due to CO intoxication was detected in 132 (23.7%) of the patients. A comparison of the risk scoring systems' ability to detect the presence of myocardial injury revealed that all had significant, similar, but low predictive values (the “area under the curve” values of SCORE Turkey, European Heart SCORE and FRAMINGHAM were 0.653, 0.632, and 0.629, respectively; P < 0.001). Among the three risk scoring systems, SCORE Turkey was the most successful test in diagnosing myocardial injury with 87% specificity, while FRAMINGHAM scoring was the most successful test in excluding the presence of myocardial injury with 72.1% sensitivity.

CONCLUSION:

Among the tested CV risk-calculation systems SCORE Turkey, was found to be the most effective in the prediction of myocardial injury secondary to CO poisoning, but all produced similar and significant results.
Accuracy of airway ultrasound parameters to predict difficult airway using the LEMON criteria as a reference
Authors: Sotoodehnia Mehran , Abbasi Najmeh , Bahri Razman Arabzadeh , Abdollahi Atefeh , Baratloo Alireza
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVES:

Ultrasound (US) airway indexes were frequently compared with other scoring systems such as Mallampati score and Cormack − Lehane classification system, but to the best of our knowledge never with LEMON. Here, in this study, we evaluated the accuracy of some recommended airway US parameters in terms of screening difficult airway using the LEMON criteria as a reference.

METHODS:

This was a cross-sectional diagnostic accuracy study in which people with at least 18 years old coming to the emergency departments for any reason who had consent for participation, were enrolled with the simple random sampling method. Hyo-mental distance (HMD), skin to epiglottis distance (EP), and peri-epiglottic space to epiglottis to vocal cord ratio (PEP/E. VC) were the US indexes that were calculated in all participants. Using a preprepared checklist, measured US parameters were recorded. For each participant, the LEMON score variables were also assessed and recorded, and the cutoff point for considering as a difficult airway case, based on LEMON score, was 2. Demographic characteristics of the participants were also registered.

RESULTS:

A total of 299 cases with a mean age of 41.1 years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 39.3–42.9), were participated. Based on LEMON score ≥2, 20 participants (6.7%) were categorized in difficult airway group. Comparison of the PEP/E. VC (P = 0.007) and EP distance (P = 0.049) of the participants based on LEMON score showed a statistically significant difference; but comparison of the means of HMD in the two groups was not statistically significant (P = 0.144). The median of EP of the participants was 7.70 mm (interquartile range [IQR]: 6.70–9.40). The best cutoff point of EP distance for evaluating a difficult airway was 12.27 mm and more with the sensitivity of 35% and the specificity of 86.96% (accuracy = 0.614; 95% CI: 0.492–0.736). The median of PEP/E. VC was 1.01(IQR: 0.79–1.23). The best cutoff point of PEP/E. VC for evaluating a difficult airway was 0.88 and less with the sensitivity of 70% and the specificity of 67.38% (accuracy = 0.701; 95% CI: 0.583–0.818).

CONCLUSION:

As per our results, PEP/E. VC and EP distance measured with sonography can be used in distinguishing the difficult airway, using the LEMON criteria as the reference. However, further studies are needed to use PEP/E. VC and EP distance as a part of reliable indexes.
Comparison of novel anteroposterior short-axis in-plane technique with conventional short-axis out-of-plane technique for ultrasound-guided internal jugular vein cannulation
Authors: Bhutia Karma Ongmu , Sharma Ankur , Goyal Shilpa , Kothari Nikhil , Kumari Kamlesh , Goel Akhil Dhanesh , Sethi Priyanka , Bhatia Pradeep
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVES:

Various ultrasound (US)-guided probe positioning and needle procedures have been described in the literature for cannulation of the internal jugular vein (IJV). In the present study, we compared the conventional short-axis out-of-plane (SAX-OOP) method with a novel anteroposterior short-axis in-plane (APSAX-IP) technique for IJV cannulation under US guidance. The APSAX-IP method of IJV cannulation has not been compared to other IJV cannulation techniques.

METHODS:

A total of 104 patients above 18-year-old were randomly allocated to one of two groups - APSAX-IP or SAX-OOP and evaluated for US-guided IJV cannulation in either the operating room or critical care unit. The primary outcome of this research was the access time for IJV cannulation using both approaches. The secondary outcomes were the number of attempts of needle insertion, success rate, and complications of IJV cannulation.

RESULTS:

The access time for IJV cannulation was 13.0 (12.0–15.0) sec in the APSAX-IP group and 13.0 (12.0–14.0) sec in the SAX-OOP group; P = 0.947. The number of successful 1st attempts was 90.91%, and the 2nd attempts were 9.09% in the APSAX-IP group and 85.19% and 14.81% in the SAX-OOP group, respectively. Both techniques did not have any complications.

CONCLUSIONS:

We conclude that the US-guided APSAX-IP IJV cannulation method has comparable access time to the SAX-OOP technique.
Poor adherence to the recommended pulmonary embolism diagnostic pathway in the emergency department
Authors: Hadid Alia M. , Jalabi Ala , Anka Mahmoud , Cevik Arif A
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVES:

Pulmonary embolus (PE) is a form of venous thromboembolism associated with increased morbidity and mortality if not diagnosed and treated early. Variations in clinical presentation make the diagnosis challenging. The gold standard for diagnosing PE is a computed tomography pulmonary angiogram (CTPA). Physicians show a low threshold for over-investigating PE. The evaluation of patients with suspected PE should be efficient, including but not limited to the use of risk stratification methods. This study aims to assess the adherence to the recommended diagnostic pathways of ordering CTPAs in patients with suspected PE.

METHODS:

This retrospective cohort study included patients above 18 years of age who received a CTPA for a suspected PE in the emergency department (ED) of a hospital between 2015 and 2019. Patient demographic data, chief complaint, variables of the Wells and pulmonary emboli rule-out criteria scores, pregnancy status, investigations, and the patient's final PE diagnosis were extracted from the hospital electronic medical records. Diagnostic pathways that took place were compared to the internationally recommended pathway.

RESULTS:

Four hundred and eighty-six patients were included in this study. The mean age was 51.01 (±19.5) years, and 377 (69.3%) patients were female. The recommended PE diagnostic pathway to order CTPA was incorrectly followed in 288 patients (59.3%). Seventy-five (15.4%) patients received an unnecessary CTPA. D-dimer test was ordered unnecessarily in 144 patients (29.6%). The overall prevalence of PE in our population was 9.47% (n: 46). Out of the 75 unnecessarily ordered CTPAs, 2 (2.7%) showed PE, while CTPAs ordered using the correct pathway showed 31 (10.9%) PEs.

CONCLUSION:

Our study revealed that approximately two-thirds of all CTPA requests did not adhere to the recommended PE clinical decision pathway. There was a significant improper and unnecessary utilization of CTPA imaging and D-dimer testing. Improvements seem imperative to enhance physicians' clinical approach to PE diagnosis.
Monkeypox
Authors: Sheek-Hussein Mohamud , Alsuwaidi Ahmed R. , Davies Emma A. , Abu-Zidan Fikri M.
Published: March 2023

Monkeypox (MPXV) is an emerging zoonotic disease carrying a global health threat. Using a multi-disciplinary approach, we review the current MPXV virus infection outbreak including virology, prevention, clinical presentation, and disaster management. MPXV is caused by a double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid virus. Despite its clinical similarities with smallpox, it is less severe with low mortality. Human-to-human transmission occurs through prolonged direct or close contact, or through blood, body fluids, or mucosal lesions. Risk groups include frontline health workers who care for MPXV patients, household members of an infected patient, and men who have sex with men. Skin lesions are usually, but not always, at the same stage. They may affect the face followed by the distal extremities with fewer lesions on the trunk (centrifugal distribution). Lesions may involve the mouth, genitalia, conjunctiva, and rectum. The majority of cases are mild. Nevertheless, the disease may have long-term effects on the skin, the neurological system, and the eye. Vaccination against MPXV is available but meanwhile should be limited to those who are at high risk. Those vaccinated against smallpox (usually older than 40 years) might be immune against MPXV. Infectious diseases are without borders. If proper action is not taken, there is considerable risk that MPXV will be entrenched worldwide. Our world has a delicate balance between animals, environment, and humans reflecting the need for a “one globe, one health approach” to address this risk. Following the principles of disaster management and using the lessons we have learned from the COVID-19 pandemic will reduce the impact of the MPXV outbreak.
Transient ischemic liver injury and respiratory failure in a COVID-19-positive patient after multiple bee stings
Authors: Yesiloglu Onder , Sonmez Ahmet , Avci Begum Seyda , Sumbul Hilmi Erdem , Avci Akkan
Published: March 2023

We present a patient with multiple bee stings who developed lung and liver injuries and subsequently tested positive for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A 65-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department after being stung by more than 100 honeybees. His physical examination revealed pustular lesions distributed across his chest, arms, back, legs, and head, marking the sting zones. While the patient had no history of liver disease, initial laboratory test results showed elevated liver enzyme levels. A chest computer tomography scan was ordered, revealing bilateral ground-glass opacities suggesting COVID-19. His condition worsened over the course of the following day, and when he was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), his SpO2 decreased to 83% despite oxygen support with a mask. The second polymerase chain reaction test taken in the ICU was positive for COVID-19 infection. After stung with multiple bees, the patient developed acute liver injury and suffered from concomitant COVID-19-related respiratory insufficency, and he was treated accordingly. Starting on the 5th day, the patient's liver markers began to improve, and on the 13th day, he was discharged with normal vital signs and liver enzyme values. There seem to be varying outcomes across different studies with regard to the relationship between bee stings and COVID-19. Further research is needed to explore the possibility of this complementary treatment with bee venom in the prevention of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 infection.
A comparative diuretic evaluation of fruit and root of Gokshura (Tribulus terrestris Linn.) in albino rats
Authors: Sudheendran Ankitha , Shajahan M. A. , Premlal S.
Published: March 2023

Background:

Gokshura Moola (root of Tribulus terrestris Linn.) is one among the ingredients of Dashamoola, a group of ten medicinal plants principally comprising roots as the useful part. In practice instead of root, fruit of Gokshura is widely used in most of the preparations of Dashamoola in Kerala. Dashamoola occupies a significant role in a wide range of Ayurvedic formulations and holds a major share in the drug manufacturing industry. This high demand of Dashamoola, leads the use of fruit instead of its root and implies the need to compare the efficacy of root and fruit of Gokshura.

Aim:

This study is planned to assess whether fruit of Gokshura can be substituted for its root using the parameter of diuretic activity in Wistar albino rats.

Materials and methods:

Wistar albino rats were divided in to four groups. The group I control group and group II standard group was orally administered with carboxymethyl cellulose 2% in normal saline and furosemide (20 mg/kg) respectively. Group III was administered orally with decoction of Gokshura root and groups IV with Gokshura fruit decoction, with a dose of 8.64 ml/kg. The diuretic effect was evaluated by measuring urine volume, Na+, K+ and Cl− ion content in urine. The results were analyzed by applying one-way ANOVA and LSD Post hoc pairwise comparison test.

Results:

Both test drugs in group III and group IV provided significant increase in urine output when compared to the control group (P < 0.001). Decoction of Gokshura root provided a significant increase in comparison to decoction of Gokshura fruit in regards of sodium (P < 0.01), potassium (P < 0.001), and chloride ion (P < 0.05) excretion.

Conclusion:

Diuretic action of both root and fruit of Gokshura is similar in terms of urine volume, but root is more effective in the basis of ionic excretion. Hence, while treating patients suffering from ionic imbalance, it is better to use fruit of Gokshura for protecting the ionic balance during diuresis. In all other conditions, root can be used for a better diuretic activity.
Role of Haratala Shodhana in the therapeutic efficacy of Rasamanikya along with Guduchi Ghana in the treatment of Ekakushtha (psoriasis)
Authors: Parekh Dipali Narendrakumar , Bopaliya Dharmishtha , Prajapati Dilipkumar , Bedarkar Prashant , Patgiri B. J.
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Rasamanikya (RM) and Guduchi Ghana (GG) are well-known formulations for treating skin disorders in Ayurveda. The drug RM is prepared from Shuddha Haratala (processed orpiment) as a single ingredient. In the present study, RM was prepared from the Haratala, which was Shodhita, with two different media, viz., Kushmanda Swarasa and Churnodaka. In the classics, the preparation of RM is mentioned in the Kushmanda Shodhita Haratala. However, the availability and cost of Kushmanda are the main points of concern in the present era. Shodhana of Haratala by Churnodaka is more cost-effective than Kushmanda Swarasa.

Aim:

The aim of this study is to evaluate the comparative efficacy of RM prepared by Churnodaka Shodhita Haratala (CSHRM) and RM prepared by Kushmanda Shodhita Haratala (KSHRM) with GG in Ekakustha (psoriasis).

Materials and methods:

The study was a randomized double-blind study involving 76 patients with Ekakushtha that were randomly divided into two groups. Patients registered in group A (n = 37) were treated with CSHRM with GG (125 mg + 375 mg) and group B (n = 36) with KSHRM with GG (125 mg + 375 mg) for 8 weeks. The Wilcoxon signed rank test and paired t-test were applied to evaluate the effect of therapy in the individual group for subjective criteria like the PASI score, Matsyashakalopamam (looks like the scales of a fish), Rukshata (dryness), Aswedanam (anhydrosis), Daha (burning), Strava (discharge), Unnati (raised patches), Kandu (itching), Mahavastu (broad-based), and Vaivarnya (discoloration), while the comparison of results between the groups for the same was done by applying the Coefficient of Variation (CV).

Result:

CSHRM with GG showed better results in all signs and symptoms except Matsyaskalopamam, Aswedanam, Strava, Mahavastu, Nindra and DLQI in terms of the coefficient of variation. In both groups, statistically highly significant (P > 0.001) improvement was found in the signs and symptoms of Ekakushtha. However, the difference between the groups was statistically nonsignificant.

Conclusion:

Rasamanikya prepared with both media Shodhita Haratala along with Guduchi Ghana was discovered to be a safe and effective psoriasis treatment.
Evaluation of Punarnavadi Mandura for haematinic activity against mercuric chloride-induced anemia in albino rats
Authors: Kori V. K. , Ravishankar B. , Patel K. S.
Published: March 2023

Background:

Punarnavadi Mandura, a compound Ayurvedic formulation, is one of the most commonly used medicine in the treatment of anemia (Pandu) in Ayurveda. The safety profile of this formulation is well established; however, no pharmacological study has been reported to provide the scientific basis for its use in the treatment of anemia.

Aim:

To evaluate the hematinic effect of Punarnavadi Mandura against mercuric chloride-induced anemia in albino rats.

Materials and methods:

The test drug (Punarnavadi Mandura) was suspended in distilled water and administered orally in a dose of 450 mg/kg for 30 days in rats. Anemia was induced by simultaneous administration of mercuric chloride (9 mg/kg) for 30 consecutive days. Body weight was noted for each animals. At the end, haematological parameters, anaemia markers like serum iron, ferritin, and total iron binding capacity (TIBC), as well as relative weight of organs and histopathology investigation, were examined.

Results:

Exposure of mercuric chloride to rats for 30 days resulted in a significant decrease of body weight, an increase in the weight of the liver and kidney and a decrease in hemoglobin content. It also decreased serum ferritin to a significant extent and increased serum TIBC. Histopathology of the liver shows macro fatty changes, vacuolization, marked necrosis, and severe degenerative changes, while the kidney shows cell infiltration. All these changes were significantly attenuated by the administration of Punarnavadi Mandura.

Conclusion:

The present data indicate that Punarnavadi Mandura has possessing marked cytoprotective activity, significantly attenuated the HgCl2-induced adverse changes on red blood cell related parameters, and showing hematinic activity in albino rats.
Efficacy of external application of oil and gel dosage forms of Aragvadhadi formulation in combination with Rasayana Churna in the management of Shwitra (vitiligo) - An open-labeled comparative clinical trial
Authors: Makwana Sarika , Parekh Dipali , Bedarkar Prashant , Patgiri Biswajyoti
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Aragvadhadi Taila (ART) is one of the herbomineral formulations mentioned in Chakradatta indicated in Shwitra (vitiligo). Modification of Taila form into gel form reduces the risk of contamination in view of arsenical contents (Manahshila, Haratala) assures precise dose administration at desired site (by avoiding spreading). The gel is a comparatively acceptable dosage form than that of medicated oil.

Aim:

The aim of the study is to evaluate the comparative efficacy of Aragvadhadi formulation in Taila (ART: Aragvadhadi Taila) and gel (ARG: Aragvadhadi gel) dosage forms with the internal administration of Rasayana Churna in the management of Shwitra.

Materials and methods:

The study was a randomized open labeled, involving 66 patients of Shwitra that were randomly divided into two groups. Patients registered in group A (n = 34) were treated with local applications of ART and group B (n = 32) with ARG for 2 months. Rasayana Churna (3 g), along with the equal quantity of honey and Ghrita was given twice a day after the meal in both groups. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was applied to evaluate the effect of therapy in the individual group for subjective criteria like vitiligo area scoring index score, size and number of patches, Rukshata (dryness), Saparidaha (burning sensation), Bahalatva (thickening), Kandu (itching) while the comparison of results between the groups for the same by applying Coefficient of Variation (CV).

Results:

Group B showed better and consistent results in all signs and symptoms except Rukshata, Saparidaha in terms of Coefficient of Variation. In both the groups, statistically highly significant improvement was found in signs and symptoms of Shwitra such as Saparidaha, Kandu, size of patches and number of patches; however, the difference between the groups was statistically insignificant.

Conclusion:

Both the forms (ART, ARG) of Aragvadhadi formulation along with Rasayana Churna were found as a safe and effective treatment in vitiligo with significant pigment regeneration capacity as topical use for application over 2 months.
Dhatri Lauha in the management of iron deficiency anemia
Authors: Srikanth Narayanam , Rao Bhogavalli Chandrasekhara , Yadav Babita , Rai Amit Kumar , Jameela Sophia , Rana Rakesh Kumar , Singhal Richa , Khanduri Shruti , Sharma Bhagwan Sahai , Makhija Pratap
Published: March 2023

Background:

The burden of iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) remains persistently high in India due to the poor tolerability of oral iron supplementation. Therefore, more focus is required to explore traditional medicine for safe and effective options for managing IDA.

Aim:

To assess the clinical safety and efficacy of Dhatri Lauha in patients with IDA.

Materials and methods:

An open-label, prospective, single-arm, multi-center trial was conducted at 12 centers with a sample size of 40 participants per study site. Patients with IDA aged 18-60 years with hemoglobin levels in the range of 6-10gm/dl, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) <80 fl, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) <34 μg/dl, serum ferritin <30 μg/dl and serum iron <50 μg/dl were included in the study. Dhatri Lauha 500 mg capsule was administered twice daily with lukewarm water after meals for 45 days. The primary outcome measure was the change in hemoglobin (Hb%) level from baseline to day 45. Secondary outcome measures included the change in MCV, MCHC, serum iron and ferritin levels, incidence of adverse events, and change in safety parameters (liver and kidney function tests). The mean (statistical) change in outcome measures from baseline to day 45 was compared using a paired sample t-test.

Results:

Out of 458 participants enrolled in the study, 400 contributed to the final analysis. A significant difference was observed in the outcome parameters such as Hb%, MCV, MCHC, serum ferritin, and serum iron levels (P < 0.001) after 45 days of treatment. Mean Hb% changed from 8.46 ± 1.14 g/dl at baseline to 9.18 ± 1.61 g/dl on day 45 (P < 0.001). LFT and KFT were within the normal limits after the study period. No participant withdrew from the study due to adverse events.

Conclusions:

Dhatri Lauha is a safe intervention and can be expected to improve hemoglobin levels, red blood cell parameters, and iron stores in patients with IDA. Future RCTs with a larger sample size, standard care as control and a longer follow-up may produce more accurate and reliable results.
Pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, and molecular studies of an important medicinal herb Achillea millefolium L.
Authors: Kumar Prasanna , Shruthi R. , Bindu I. , Raghavendra P.
Published: March 2023

Background:

Achillea millefolium L. is traditionally important medicinal herb used for the treatment of various ailments from the centuries. Recent studies showed its biological activities on hay fever, hepato-biliary disorders, and as appetite enhancing drug. It is also reported to be used for the treatments of skin inflammations, wounds, cuts, and abrasions.

Aim:

To investigate preliminary pharmacognostical, phytochemical, and molecular parameters of aerial parts of the drug.

Materials and methods:

A. millefolium was identified and collected from the Himalaya region. The material is properly dried, macro-and microscopic evaluation, phytochemical and molecular studies as per the standard quality control and WHO guidelines.

Results:

The leaves are pinnately lobed, inflorescence compound corymbose. Nonglandular trichomes are uni-seriate, multicellular, and smooth walled; glandular trichomes are bicellular, present throughout the aerial parts. The endodermis is evident in the stem and leaf mesophyll is equifacial. The partial genome sequence analysis showed similarity toward studied species, which can clearly distinguish it from other species of the genus Achillea. The best chromatographic separation was observed with ascentis express C18, 2.7 μm, 100 mm × 4.6 mm. The flavonoids and phenolic acids have shown maximum absorbance at 330 nm. The system suitability parameters such as theoretical plate, tailing factor, and resolution met the acceptance criteria with United States pharmacopeia (USP).

Conclusion:

The findings of this study will be helpful for the precise identification of the raw drug of A. millefolium from its closely allied species.
Efficacy of Vamana Karma (therapeutic emesis) followed by Darvyadi Kwatha (herbal decoction) in the management of prediabetes (Prameha) - A single-arm clinical trial
Authors: Yadav Uttamram , Bhatted Santosh Kumar
Published: March 2023

Background:

Prediabetes is an alarming condition to control and prevent from developing diabetes mellitus which occurs due to the change in lifestyle and food habits. Timely untreated prediabetes turn into type-2 diabetes mellitus within a year and systemic complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, and neuropathy could occur and in later stage multi system damage could take place.

Aims:

The ai of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of Vamana Karma (therapeutic emesis) with Ikshuvaku Yoga and followed by oral administration of Darvyadi Kwatha (herbal decoction) in the management of prediabetes.

Materials and methods:

After approval of IEC and registration under clinical trial registry of India, 20 patients suffering from prediabetes were registered in the trial. Diagnosis criteria were hemoglobin A1c (HBA1c), fasting blood sugar (FBS) and postprandial blood sugar (PPBS), and assessment criteria includes HBA1c, FBS, PPBS, along with improvement in Agnibala (strength of digestion and metabolism), Dehabala (physical strength) and Satvabala (mental strength), relief sign and symptom of prediabetes (Prameha), and improvement in quality of life (SF-36 Score). Classical Vamana Karma followed by oral administration of Darvyadi Kwatha was done. Total duration of treatment was 45 days and last follow-up was done on the 120th day. Student's t– test was used for the analysis of parametric data.

Results:

After the treatment were observed that there is improvement in subjective as well as in objective parameters. Statistically highly significant result was observed in HBA1c (BT [day 0] Mean score 6.25 and AT [day 120] 5.63 [P < 0.001]), FBS (BT [day 0] mean score 120.05 and AT [day 120] 93.31 [P < 0.001]) and PPBS (BT [day 0] mean score 165.26 and AT [day 120] 112.84 [P < 0.001]), sign and symptoms of Prameha, Dehabala, Agnibala, Satvabala, and quality of life (SF-36 Score).

Conclusion:

The present clinical study concludes that therapeutic emesis (bio purification) followed by Darvyadi Kwatha as internal medicine shows significant result in treating prediabetes (Prameha) safely and effectively also control and prevent developing diabetes mellitus. None of the patient converted to diabetes mellitus on the day 120.
The efficacy of diet supplemented with Lepidium sativum (Chandrashoor) on expressed breast milk volume in hypogalactic mothers – An open-label noncross-over randomized trial
Authors: Ranade Manjiri , Mudgalkar Nikhil
Published: March 2023

Background:

Hypogalactia is the common condition, especially in preterm deliveries. Some herbs in Indian medicines such as Lepidium sativum L. (L. sativum) have galactogogeus effects. The galactogogeus effect of L. sativum (Chandrashoora) has not been quantified in randomized control trials in humans till date. We intend to study the galactogogeus effects of L. sativum in hypogalactic mothers through an open-label noncross-over trial.

Materials and methods:

The target population were women who had delivered infants <32 weeks gestation with no lower limit to gestational age and their babies admitted in neonatal intensive care unit for prematurity. Participants who were taking specific drugs as a result of their primary illnesses, such as chemotherapy, sedatives, or antiseziure medications, were excluded. The randomization was achieved with computer-generated random number table. The experimental group (n = 23) received 2.5 g of L. sativum (Chandrashoora) seeds each day, soaked in luke warm water for half an hour in the morning, along with instructions about how to take the seeds. The control group did not receive any medication (n = 23). According to the institutional procedure, participants were trained to express breast milk six times using a breast pump. The amount of milk extracted was measured every day for 28 days. The difference in milk production between the two groups at 28 days was the primary endpoint. The secondary endpoint was to asses if any of the trial medicines had any adverse drug effects.

Results:

A total of 46 participants completed the study till 28 days. In both groups, demographic factors were comparable. The study group surpassed the control group in terms of breast milk volume slowly and reached statistical significance (P = 0.00002) after 28 days of therapy. No adverse drug effects were reported by the participants.

Conclusion:

There was statistically significant improvement in breast milk production at 28 days in hypogalactic mothers in the experimental group. L. sativum can be used as cheap alternatives to costly medicines to improve lactation with minimal costs and no adverse drug reactions.
Evaluation of nutritional value and antioxidant activity of Leea macrophylla Roxb. ex Hornem. root and leaf
Authors: Durgadas Sarvade Dattatray , Rabinarayan Acharya
Published: March 2023

Background:

Hanshia dabar or hathkan is one of the folklore plant of Odisha, the botanical source of which is Leea macrophylla Roxb. ex Hornem., family Vitaceae. Its root and leaves are eaten as vegetables, and used for Rasayana purpose (tonic and alterative properties).

Aim:

The aim is to assess the nutritive value and antioxidant potential of the root and leaves of L. macrophylla with compound leaf.

Materials and methods:

Nutritional parameters such as energy value, carbohydrate, protein, true protein, fat, mineral contents, and Vitamin A, Vitamin C of the root and leaves of the plant were evaluated with standard procedures. The in vitro antioxidant properties of the root and leaf of L. macrophylla were screened through 1,1diphenyl2picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, and phosphomolybdenum assay.

Results:

Root is having higher energy value (391.87 Kcal/100 g) as compared to leaf (353.62 Kcal/100 g). L. macrophylla root and leaf showed the presence of carbohydrates (30.65% and 21.72%), protein (8.78% and 9.37%), true protein (6.85% and 7.23%), fat (0.77% and 1.89%), iron (723.80 ppm and 285.07 ppm), zinc (26.51 ppm and 13.75 ppm), manganese (44.88 ppm and 35.00 ppm), phosphorous (0.07 ppm and 0.03 ppm), calcium (7806.90 ppm and 3862.80 ppm), Vitamin A (3.63 mg/g and 2.47 mg/g), and Vitamin C (8.49 mg/g and 6.7 mg/g), respectively. Percentage scavenging of DPPH radical was found to rise with an increase in concentration. IC50 values of root and leaf, by DPPH assay, were 66.46 and 110.68 μg/ml, respectively. In the FRAP assay, the antioxidant activity of the methanolic extract of leaf (507.06 μmol/l) was found to be more than root (455.93 μmol/l). The total antioxidant capacity of root and leaf were 20.15 and 17.90 mg, equivalent to ascorbic acid on a dry weight basis, respectively.

Conclusion:

Root and leaf of L. macrophylla has the highest energy value, contains carbohydrate, protein, fat, iron, zinc, manganese, phosphorous, calcium, Vitamin A, and Vitamin C, and possesses antioxidant capacity.
Antifertility effect of methanolic extract of Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. flower in male albino rats
Authors: Parween Shaista , Kausar Hena , Alam Imtiyaz , Nehar Shamshun
Published: March 2023

Background:

Search for an effective, feasible, and safe male contraceptive has been one of the major public health challenges. The present contraceptive methods are either permanent or impractical. Herbal methods are considered safe, and thus, their acceptability is higher than other prospective methods.

Aims:

In the present study, oral administration of methanolic extract of Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. flower was investigated for its potential role in the modulation of fertility in male albino rats.

Materials and methods:

Healthy male albino rats were randomly distributed into three groups, i.e., a control and two groups administered with 50 and 500 mg/kg body weight/day of methanolic extract of B. monosperma flower for 30, 90, and 180 days, respectively. Fertility records were maintained throughout the experimental period. At the end of experiment, animals were sacrificed and the weight of reproductive organs, sperm characteristics, and histopathology of testicular and epididymal tissues were evaluated. A 45-day withdrawal period was also investigated for parameters as described above for each group.

Results:

A 40% decline in fertility rate was evident in rats administered with 500 mg/kg of B. monosperma flower extract for 180 consecutive days. A significant reduction in testicular and epididymal weight was observed in these animals. Sperm count, motility, and viability were also reduced significantly in animals treated for 180 days. Histological evaluation of testicular cells indicated distortions in germ cell arrangements at various stages of spermatogenesis. Following 45 days of withdrawal, the resumption of normal functional and histological characteristics was apparent.

Conclusion:

Based on the abnormalities present in the sperm characteristics and damages in testicular histology, it was confirmed that methanolic extract of B. monosperma flower contain antifertility potential.
Decisional Authority' and Compliance in Cosmetic Limb Lengthening
Authors: Guichet Jean-Marc , Parisi Maria Grazia , Salamino Ferdinando
Published: March 2023

Introduction:

Cosmetic lengthening are heavy procedures, often undervalued by patients, decided for psychological improvements of their life and not for diseases or deformities. The surgical trauma can induce a subconscious freeze stress response; at that moment, the 'emotional brain' takes over the 'rational brain' for actions. Previous trauma or archaic imprints resurge and constitute references for these actions. Rational thoughts are lost. As a result, patients take the Decisional Authority over the surgeon for treatment decisions and become non-compliant to guidelines of the surgeon who is the 'knowledgeable person' in the treatment. Reaction patterns are 'Fight', 'Flight' or 'Fright'.

Materials and Methods:

A series of 288 cosmetic lengthening with fully weight bearing nails pointed out the patients reaction patterns, some failures of traditional psychological and psychiatric evaluations, the need for treating previous trauma (e.g. the 'Fast-Reset' technique) and having a strong physical and psychological coaching to secure a constant result.

Results:

Lies, sometimes difficult to detect, and deviations from guidelines generate complications, some resulting in new surgeries. Real responsibility of the patient in complications should be evaluated.

Conclusions:

Separating the patient and surgeon responsibilities will help to better anticipate and support deviating patients, in order to secure a faster and optimised physical and psychological results, and a quieter Patient-Doctor relation.
Motorized Intramedullary Lengthening Followed by Osseointegration for Amputees with Short Residual Femurs
Authors: Hoellwarth Jason Shih , Tetsworth Kevin , Akhtar Muhammad Adeel , Oomatia Atiya , Muderis Munjed Al
Published: March 2023

Context:

Some patients seeking transcutaneous osseointegration for amputees (TOFA) have residual bones so short there is concern whether they provide sufficient surface to support full weight. Our strategy was to lengthen these patients' femurs with a motorized intramedullary lengthening nail (MILN) before TOFA.

Aims:

The aim of this study is to describe 10 transfemoral amputees' experience with MILN before TOFA, focusing on the complications of MILN and TOFA, and also the patients' preoperative and postoperative quality of life (QOL).

Settings and Design:

A retrospective registry review of all MILN before TOFA surgeries was performed.

Subjects and Methods:

The patients' operative complications during/following MILN and TOFA were investigated. Furthermore, the patients' mobility (daily prosthesis wear hours, K-level, Timed Up and Go (TUG), and 6 min Walk Test [6MWT]) and QOL survey data (Questionnaire for Persons with a Transfemoral Amputation [QTFA]) were compared at the initial consultation and at the latest follow-up using Fisher's exact test for frequencies, and Student's t-test for means (significance, P < 0.05).

Statistical Analysis Used:

Fisher's exact test for frequencies, and Student's t-test for means (significance, P < 0.05).

Results:

Seven patients had one operative complication each: Three regenerate (autograft and plating), two nail malfunctions (nail replacement), one broken linkage cable (acute length correction with autografting and fixation), and one early consolidation (re-osteotomy). All ten patients had TOFA, an average of 12.0 ± 3.9 months after MILN surgery. One patient had debridement for infection (implant retained) and one patient had the implant removed due to infection. Significant mobility improvements were K-level >2 (2/9 = 22% vs. 9/10 = 90%, P =0.006) and TUG <15 s (1/8 = 13% vs. 6/8 = 75% P = 0.041). Wear hours and 6MWT improved but not significantly. All three aspects of QTFA significantly improved: Global (44.8 ± 29.9 vs. 75.9 ± 26.8, P =0.050), mobility (50.3 ± 30.8 vs. 74.8 ± 18.2, P =.033), and problem (38.8 ± 18.6 vs. 15.6 ± 18.3, P = 0.017).

Conclusions:

MILN before TOFA reliably achieves stable osseointegration for amputees with short residual femurs. Amputee lengthening remains demanding, but patients report significantly improved QOL and demonstrate improved mobility following TOFA. The minimum length of bone necessary to support a full weight-bearing osseointegrated prosthesis remains unknown.
Transcutaneous Osseointegration for Amputees with Short Residual Bone
Authors: Hoellwarth Jason Shih , Geffner Adam Daniel , Reif Taylor J. , Rozbruch S. Robert
Published: March 2023

Aims:

Transcutaneous osseointegration for amputees (TOFA) provides improved mobility and quality of life for most patients versus a traditional socket prosthesis. One uncertainty regarding TOFA is whether a minimum residual bone length is necessary to achieve solid fixation. This study evaluated the relationship between residual bone length and occurrence of post-TOFA complications requiring operative intervention.

Patients and Methods:

A retrospective review of our osseointegration registry was performed. Inclusion criterion was index osseointegration at least 12 months prior. Chart review included demographics and whether additional surgery occurred to manage noninfected loosening, periprosthetic fracture, and infection. Occurrence rates were compared using binary logistic regression analysis and by stratifying implants as <140 versus ≥140 mm.

Results:

Sixty segments were included (58 patients and 2 bilateral femur amputees). The implant length averaged 129.4 ± 31.1 (48–200) mm. No noninfected loosening occurred. Six patients (10%) had infection-related post-TOFA operation, at lengths ranging from 130 to 160 mm (representing the central 60% of implant lengths): five were debridement with implant retention and one other was removed. No implants below 130 mm (n = 19, 32%) required debridement or removal. Three patients (5%) had periprosthetic fracture (all femurs), at lengths ranging from 140 to 160 mm (the central 55% of implant lengths); no implants below 140 mm (n = 22, 37%) had periprosthetic fracture. Regression identified no association between length and noninfected loosening (P = 1.000), periprosthetic fracture (P = 0.999), or infection (P = 0.124). Dichotomized <140 versus ≥140 mm rates of complication were as follows: noninfected loosening (0/22 = 0% vs. 0/38 = 0%, P = 1.000), fracture (3/38 = 7.9% vs. 0/22 = 0%, P = 0.292), and infection (5/38 = 13.2% vs. 1/22 = 4.5%, P = 0.400).

Conclusion:

Residual bone length does not appear to be associated with post-TOFA reoperation to address noninfected loosening, periprosthetic fracture, or infection. The "minimum necessary" length of bone to achieve stable transcutaneous osseointegration capable of supporting full body weight remains uncertain.