bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The role of mast cells in oral squamos cell carcinoma
Authors: Cosoroaba R.M. , Todor L. , Gaje P.N. , Ceausu R.A. , Popovici R.A. , Cot D.E. , Todor S.A. , Olariu I.
Published: November 2024

The mast cell is a connective tissue cell that has an active role in inflammation, immune modulation, angiogenesis, and more. Apart from its degranulation in allergic reaction, it is associated with "piece meal degranulation", i.e., a selective cellular secretion pathway that aggravates the progression of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) through angiogenic switch. Angiogenic factor released by mast cells ensures survival and progressive capacity. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is composed of many different cell populations, such as tumor-associated mast cells and various infiltrating immune cells and non-cellular components of the extracellular matrix. These crucial parts of the surrounding stroma can function as both positive and negative regulators of all the hallmarks of cancer development, including induction of angiogenesis and activation of invasion and metastasis. This review will focus on describing the role of mast cells in the tumor microenvironment and the dissection of cancer, especially oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Systemic correlations of the oral microbiome and salivary parameters in smoking patients
Authors: Schwarz C. , Alexa I. , Lile I.E. , Dumitrescu R. , Bolchis V. , Jumanca D. , Negru D. , Balean O. , Oancea R. , Galușcan A. , Sava-Rosianu R.
Published: November 2024

The oral microbiome is intricately linked to human health and systemic diseases, with smoking being a prevalent risk factor. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the impact of smoking on salivary parameters in individuals aged 20-55 without systemic diseases who exclusively smoked traditional cigarettes. Ethical approvals were not necessary as existing data from English-language publications between 2021-2022 were used. The analysis included 33 studies with 2813 participants (1392 smokers and 1421 non-smokers). The primary focus was on salivary pH changes in smokers compared to controls, with varied collection methods and restrictions. Additionally, 10 studies assessed total salivary antioxidant capacity in both groups. The results revealed lower salivary flow in smokers, while salivary antioxidant capacity varied. Overall, smoking emerged as a significant public health concern in the EU, contributing to high mortality rates. The findings demonstrate that smoking is associated with decreased salivary pH, reduced salivary flow, and lower total salivary antioxidant capacity, potentially leading to oral mucosal and dental problems and an increased risk of periodontal disease and premalignant lesions.
A Case of Odontogenic Keratocyst in the Posterior Ramus and Body of the Mandible
Authors: Vasca E. M. , Bumbu B. A. , Cosoroaba R. M. , Precup A. I. , Olariu I. , Berari A. , Pasca C. , Iurcov R.
Published: November 2024

The dental lamina gives rise to the odontogenic keratocyst (OKC), a common odontogenic cyst that affects the maxillofacial region. The OKC is distinct from other jaw cysts and is more likely to return when combined with aggressive clinical behaviour. The recurrence rate in OKC is 25%–30%. In 2005, the World Health Organization (WHO) group categorized odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) as a tumour and proposed the abbreviation KCOT to differentiate the condition from the ortho keratinizing variant. The WHO reclassified KCOT as OKC in 2017 based on data demonstrating non-neoplastic clinical behaviour. The 19-year-old male in this case study has OKC in the ramus and body of his jaw, near the left mandibular molar tooth. This case study aims to demonstrate the need for dentists to do in-depth investigations into each circumstance and offer patients better treatment options with ongoing patient monitoring and follow-up. Enucleation, marsupialization, and other surgical techniques are possible; however, in this case, our objective was to preserve the patient's mandible and facial features.
The Prevalence of Dental Erosion in Young Adults – A Quantitative Approach
Authors: Bratu D. C. , Mihali S. G. , Popa G. , Dragoş B. , Bratu R. C. , Matichescu A. , Loloș D. , Boloș O.
Published: November 2024

Nowadays, dental aesthetics is of particular importance. The shape, colour and appearance of teeth are a very important criterion for inclusion in society. From their aesthetic to their masticatory function, teeth are indispensable to us in both natural and artificial form. Tooth wear is a term that refers to the loss of dental hard tissue because of mechanical or chemical processes not involving bacteria. Individual dietary habits may be the most important factor affecting dental structures through the erosive potential of acidic foods. The methodology used a quantitative approach for the study of the conditions that could lead to dental erosion in young adults. The instrument used was a questionnaire distributed online.
Dental Bleaching Techniques: Hydrogen Peroxide Application vs Laser. Which is More Efficient?
Authors: Giura A. , Slusanschi O. , Oancea R. , Popa I.-C. , Funieru C.
Published: November 2024

Teeth whitening is a clinical procedure that can be done in many ways usually using gels with carbamide or hydrogen peroxides. The main objective of this study is to compare two methods of teeth whitening: conventional (with 40% hydrogen peroxide gel) and laser method (with 45% hydrogen peroxide gel activated by diode laser). We analysed two groups of 10 patients, one for each method. The results lead to the conclusion that hydrogen peroxide activated by laser seems to be more efficient but it also brings more dental hypersensitivity at the end.
Screening Periodontitis Associated with Diabetes by Using Oxidative Stress Biomarkers in Blood and Gingival Tissue
Authors: Scrobota I. , Romanul I. , Ciavoi G. , Iova G. M.
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Periodontitis and diabetes have a two-way relationship but the mechanisms implicated in their association are still unclear. Aim and scope: We aimed to evaluate local and circulatory oxidative stress in an experimentally induced periodontitis associated with diabetes on Wistar rats. Materials and methods: Forty Wistar rats were divided in: control group (C) and periodontitis (P), diabetes (D) and periodontitis associated with diabetes (DP) group. Blood and gingival malondialdehyde (MDA) and blood glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), GSH/GSSG ratio, and catalase (CAT), and gingival CAT were determined. Results: blood and gingival MDA increased significantly in P and DP and blood GSH, GSSG, GSH/GSSG, CAT and gingival CAT decreased significantly. Circulatory MDA, GSH, GSSG and GSH/GSSG were significantly modified in DP compared to P. Conclusion: oxidative stress is implicated in periodontitis and periodontitis associated with diabetes and circulatory MDA, GSH, GSSG and GSH/GSSG could indicate a risk of their association.
Importance of Communication for the Dental Treatment of ASD Patients
Authors: Pop D. M. , Negruţiu M. L. , Tănase A. D. , Crăciunescu E. L. , Novac A. C. , Bojoga D. E. , Miok K. , Popa M.
Published: November 2024

To ensure the most pleasant and efficient experience for patients diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder in the dental office, collaboration and attention for their needs are essential. Adapting communication strategies to the individual needs of autistic patients can make a significant difference in creating a comfortable environment and build a relationship of trust between them and the medical staff. In order to carry out this study, a questionnaire was drawn up consisting of ten closed choice or selection questions, which had the role to identify the opinion of dentists regarding the most beneficial methods and means of communication with patients diagnosed with autism. After completing, the questionnaires, the results were centralized and statistically interpreted. The main conclusion of this study is focusing on the idea of a closer collaboration between dentists and relatives of patients with autistic syndrome is mandatory in identifying their specific needs from the beginning, so that communication is adapted to their condition.
Therapeutic Management in Early Loss of Primary Anterior Teeth
Authors: Dragoș B. , Bratu D. C. , Popa G. , Ibrahim M. R. , Bratu R. C. , Nikolajevic-Stoican N. , Luca M. M.
Published: November 2024

The aim of this study was to present two different therapeutic options of space management in the anterior region. Material and methods: The working protocol for the fabrication of a removable and a fixed space maintainer was described for a clinical case of a child who had prematurely lost all upper temporary incisors because of advanced cavities. A silicone key was used to position the teeth in the acrylic base. Results and discussions: Restoring the integrity of the dental arches has a positive impact on the patient's psychological welfare. Compared to the removable space maintainer, the use of a fixed space maintainer eliminates the patient’s compliance factor, even though both are well tolerated. Conclusions: Since the loss of anterior teeth does not cause as much space deficit as in the posterior region, restoring the integrity of the dental arches is essential in preventing tongue interposition and the onset of other bad oral habits.
Fracture of the Angle of the Mandible. Case Report
Authors: Stana O. L. , Precup A. I. , Iurcov R. , Vasca E. M. , Pasca C. , Berari A. , Bumbu B. A.
Published: November 2024

One of the most frequently fractured site of the mandible is the angle. The most common cause of mandibular angle fractures are:accidents or trauma involving a blow to the face.This may be the result of a motor vehicle accident, industrial accident, recreational or sports injury, battle grounds or iatrogenic injury.Patients who are referred to the emergency room with facial trauma need a rigorous intraoral and extraoral examination centering the head and neck region.Computed tomography with 3D reconstruction is an essential tool for precise diagnostics.After the correct diagnosis is confirmed the physician will evolve the correct treatment plan.
Influence of lifestyle in cardiovascular disease - regional characteristics
Authors: Puscasu C. M. , Nemet G. C.
Published: November 2024

With the investigation through epidemiological anamnesis of the cohort of patients with cardiovascular disease admitted for tertiary prevention hospital we retrospectively assessed their cardiovascular risk factors, taking into account the patient's area of origin as it can significantly influence their lifestyle. Specific to this research we consider the constitution of the study group from patients who have a long history of cardiovascular disease, patients on whom risk factors, respectively protective factors have had a long period of action, and the use for characterization of the population, not for their aggregation in tools to assess total cardiovascular risk (as is the trend in large cohort studies since Framingham).
Pengembangan Materi Pembelajaran Pendidikan Islam: Implikasinya Terhadap Ilmu Pendidikan Islam
Authors: Nadia Khairani  , Rumaisha Nur Hamid  , Febri Yola  , Maharani Putri
Published: November 2024

Berkembangnya pendidikan agama Islam secara pesat, baik dalam kurikulum maupun dalam pembelajaran mendorong lembaga pendidikan, pendidik, (guru atau dosen) mampu berinovasi dalam pembelajaran PAI. Peneliti menemukan selama ini pembelajaran PAI di mata peserta didik atau mahasiswa sebagai pembelajaran yang stagnan belum adanya progress perkembangan menjadikan pembelajaran monoton dan membosankan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menemukan model pembelajaran yang inovasinya dalam pengembangan materi pembelajaran Pendidikan agama Islam. Sebagai model pembelajaran yang mengarah di dibidang pembelajaran PAI berbasis Neurosain dan Quipper School. Data penelitian ini bersumber melalui pengamtan literatur terkait deskripsi jurnal ilmiah maupun pencarmatan terhadap referensi karya penelitian, baik secara manual maupun digital yang focus mengangkat topik Pendidikan agama Islam. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kepustakaan  dengan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa model pengembangan materi pembelajaran PAI berbasis Neurosains dan Quipper School mampu memudahkan pelajar (peserta didik, dan mahasiswa) dalam belajar PAI.
History of the Abbasids II (Period of Development and Decline)
Authors: Muhammad Yusuf  , Nurmalia  , Arfandi Setiawan  , Suci Fadhilah
Published: November 2024

This research aims to analyze the factors influencing the development and decline of the Abbasid Caliphate during their second period of power. This is a qualitative historical study with a descriptive-analytical approach. Data collection techniques were carried out through a literature review using primary and secondary sources such as books, journals, and historical documents. The data analysis technique involved content analysis to identify the main themes related to the development and decline of the Abbasids. Data validation was conducted through source triangulation to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the information. The results of the study indicate that the development of the Abbasid Caliphate during this period was driven by complex political, economic, and cultural factors, while its decline was triggered by internal conflicts, external attacks, and ineffective administrative issues.
Responsibilities of Islamic Education Institutions
Authors: Rindi Irma Audia  , Putri Agil
Published: November 2024

Islamic educational institutions play an important role in shaping individuals morally and intellectually, aiming to benefit themselves, society and the environment as needed. This research explores the roles and responsibilities of three types of Islamic education institutions in Indonesia: formal, non-formal and informal. It emphasizes that Islamic education goes beyond academics to include moral and spiritual dimensions, which distinguish it from other education systems. The research aims to understand how each type of institution fulfills its responsibilities towards students and society, identifying challenges and opportunities in integrating Islamic values into modern education. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method, focusing on a literature review. Data from books, journals and relevant sources describe the roles and responsibilities of the institutions, showing that formal institutions such as Islamic schools and universities provide structured education that includes academics, character and religious understanding. Non-formal institutions offer flexible education for those who cannot attend formal education full-time, while informal institutions reinforce religious and social values in a family or community setting.
Educational Environment in Islamic Education
Authors: Fatarul Azmi  , Abdi Sumarna  , M. Ihsan Maulana
Published: November 2024

An educational environment is very much needed in the educational process because the educational environment functions to support the teaching and learning process, a comfortable and supportive environment for the implementation of education is very much needed and also influences the achievement of the desired educational goals. Islamic education can run well when supported by a good environment. A comfortable environment that supports the implementation of education is very necessary and also influences the achievement of the desired educational goals.The educational environment includes all materials and stimuli that exist inside and outside the individual, both physiological, psychological and socio-qualitative. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the educational environment in Islamic education. The method used in this research is literature study from various sources or references such as books and several other journals that discuss the same material. The research results show that in Islam, the educational environment is not only schools, but also families and communities which are necessary units in education. The results of this research also prove that a good educational environment in the family, school and community can be a barrier factor for children/students from getting trapped in bad behavior.
Teoria do controle de convencionalidade e seu uso no direito do trabalho
Authors: Fagundes Bárbara
Published: November 2024

No presente artigo, visa-se a apresentar estudo sobre a teoria do controle de convencionalidade, que foi desenvolvida na Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos. Para a realização do estudo, foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica sobre Direito Internacional e Direitos Humanos. Afora isso, foram analisadas as principais decisões da Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos para identificar as características do controle de convencionalidade. Ainda foi realizada reflexão acerca da teoria adequada para o caso de conflito de normas internas e tratado internacional: teoria do conglobamento ou teoria da acumulação. No artigo, reconhece-se que o controle de convencionalidade é teoria moderna que valoriza os tratados internacionais como parâmetros de validade das leis internas. Contudo, somente com a aplicação da teoria da acumulação, o controle de convencionalidade será útil para o Direito do Trabalho.
O dano extrapatrimonial da nova CLT
Authors: Sebalhos Ritzel Guilherme , Barroso Kümmel Marcelo
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo tem como finalidade abordar a inviabilidade do dano moral tarifado encontrado na Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho, reformada pela Lei 13.467 de 13 de julho de 2017. Para isso, usa-se como parâmetro a antiga Lei de Imprensa (5.250/67), explicando o porquê da sua incompatibilidade com a Constituição de 1988, e mais especificamente, como o Poder Judiciário se posiciona a respeito do dano moral desta lei, que possuía uma tabela de valores equivalentes à natureza da agressão moral. Logo, se o Supremo Tribunal Federal afirmou ser inconstitucional o dano moral tarifado da Lei de Imprensa, entende-se que a posição deve ser a mesma no que diz respeito ao mesmo tipo de dano nas relações de trabalho. Diante disso, foi utilizado o método dedutivo, tendo como premissas a posição do Poder Judiciário de não considerar viável o dano moral tarifado, assim como o parâmetro para este tipo de caso que é a subjetividade da ofensa e a proteção aos direitos da personalidade.
A inconstitucionalidade dos parâmetros de quantificação do dano imaterial previstos no § 1º do art. 223-g da CLT
Authors: Vencato Andreotti Caroline
Published: November 2024

Esta breve pesquisa discorre sobre a responsabilidade civil no Direito do Trabalho, em especial sobre a quantificação do dano imaterial e as alterações do tema introduzidas no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro por meio da Lei 13.467 (BRASIL, 2017a) (Reforma Trabalhista). Para tanto, o primeiro capítulo traçará um breve panorama histórico acerca da responsabilidade civil decorrente do contrato de trabalho anteriormente à instituição da Reforma Trabalhista, culminando nas alterações legislativas realizadas por esta. Em prosseguimento, o segundo capítulo analisará os critérios de arbitramento do valor da indenização por danos imateriais inseridos na legislação trabalhista pela Lei 13.467 (BRASIL, 2017a) (Reforma Trabalhista). Nesse ponto, busca-se analisar, em especial, as disposições contidas no art. 223-G da CLT, bem como sua repercussão na doutrina e jurisprudência e, por fim, as possíveis consequências desta regulamentação nas relações de trabalho. Para realização deste trabalho utilizou-se o método dedutivo, realizando pesquisa doutrinária e jurisprudencial sobre todos os pontos abordados no trabalho final.
Venezuelanos no Brasil
Authors: Vincenzi Brunela Vieira de , Souza Beatriz de Barros , Oliveira Alessandra Duarte de , Dalleprane Gabriel
Published: November 2024

As crises econômicas e políticas que assolam a América Latina novamente forçam muitas pessoas a buscar refúgio em outros lugares. O artigo aborda a situação da Venezuela, bem como algumas portarias do governo brasileiro sobre imigração sob a Covid-19, buscando entender o que motiva tantos venezuelanos em seu retorno crescente a seu país, mesmo na atual pandemia. A partir de uma análise crítica da discriminação sofrida por essa população sob o atual governo no plano normativo e do preconceito histórico verificado no plano fático, é possível concluir que o Brasil de fato viola várias normativas nacionais e internacionais no que tange aos direitos fundamentais e humanos das pessoas migrantes.
Retenção dolosa de salário
Authors: Eggert Poll Roberta
Published: November 2024

O presente ensaio visa a analisar a retenção dolosa de salário, especificamente no que tange a ausência de lei infraconstitucional que lhe dê conformação no campo penal. A hipótese de pesquisa gira em torno da existência ou não de crime de retenção dolosa de salário no sistema jurídico penal brasileiro, seja de forma direta, seja indireta. O método de abordagem será o dialético-dedutivo, adotando-se como procedimento o bibliográfico. Destarte, propõe o artigo, em primeiro, uma leitura sobre a proteção constitucional do salário à luz dos recentes entendimentos doutrinários e jurisprudenciais sobre a conduta de o reter dolosamente; ao depois, passa-se a análise da criminalização do comportamento do empregador que não repassa as verbas salariais ao empregado, à luz do Projeto de Lei do Senado nº 415, de 2014. Ao fim apresenta-se as conclusões da pesquisa.
Regime retributivo dos trabalhadores em funções públicas de Portugal
Authors: Silveira Demétrius de Castro Martins
Published: November 2024

O regime remuneratório dos trabalhadores públicos em Portugal tem sido objeto de acalorado debate nos últimos anos nesse país, designadamente em razão dos clamores por uma reforma administrativa com aptidão para reduzir os gastos públicos e mitigar os efeitos da crise econômico-financeira que assolou o país entre 2011 e 2015. O presente artigo analisa os meandros jurídicos do regime retributivo dos trabalhadores públicos vigente em Portugal a partir de 2014, quando entrou em vigor a nova Lei Geral do Trabalho em Funções Públicas (Lei 35) (PORTUGAL, 2014), partindo do reconhecimento da pluralidade de conceitos jurídicos de retribuição, da noção jurídico-legal do termo e da sua expressão enquanto direito fundamental dos trabalhadores previsto na bojo da Constituição da República Portuguesa. Após, o trabalho apresentaas principais disposições legais do mencionado regime, detendose, ato contínuo, nas celeumas doutrinárias e jurisprudenciais acerca da matéria, notadamente quanto às questões atinentes à natureza do direito fundamental à retribuição, à irredutibilidade salarial, aos limites do legislador quando da imposição de restrições remuneratórias e quanto às disposições legais acerca da alteração de posição remuneratória dos trabalhadores em funções públicas.
Coronavírus e uberização
Authors: Graça Giovanna Maria Braga , Araújo Jailton Macena de
Published: November 2024

O presente artigo se propõe a colocar um olhar sobre o processo de uberização e a consequente precarização das relações trabalhistas, tendo como enfoque a situação trazida pela pandemia do novocoronavírus, que atuou como uma lupa, deixando ainda mais à vista as contradições sociais e a baixa qualidade de vida proporcionada aos motoristas de plataformas digitais. Atravessando, em princípio,uma análise histórica, busca-se entender como a conjuntura social se organizou ao longo dos séculos, de modo a permitir que chegássemos até o atual patamar em que a Acumulação Flexível, em união à Economia do Compartilhamento, atuam de maneira a mascarar relações de trabalho e suprimir direitos fundamentais da classe trabalhadora. Nesse sentido, observa-se como as crescentes políticas neoliberais do final do século XX permitiram o crescimento e a naturalização do trabalho informal, que coloca os indivíduos em situação de vulnerabilidade crescente. Em conclusão, aponta-se a necessidade de formulação de uma nova estrutura jurídica para reger essas relações, de modo a impedir que, em situações de crise como a que vivemos em 2020, essa classe seja ainda mais brutalmente atingida.
A essência do direito do trabalho e a Lei nº 13.467/2017
Authors: Silva Jéferson Fernando Amaral , Bersani Humberto
Published: November 2024

Como um ramo do Direito que emerge em decorrência das necessidades de uma classe que, com o advento da Revolução Industrial e consequente transição da manufatura para o trabalho fabril, perde o  controle da produção em detrimento dos avanços tecnológicos sem qualquer proteção ou limitação, o ordenamento justrabalhista consolida-se como mediador do conflito entre trabalho e capital, em busca do equilíbrio entre condições dignas de trabalho e a própria manutenção da sociabilidade capitalista. A partir de uma análise histórica da transição do Estado Liberal para o Estado Social, esta pesquisa aponta os principais movimentos com a participação do trabalhador na luta por direitos nas relações laborais. Em seguida, demonstraremos os retrocessos na evolução histórica mediante a análise das recentes alterações legislativas na seara trabalhista, aprovadas em descompasso com o princípio constitucional do não retrocesso social. Sob o argumento de necessária modernização do diploma celetista, entrou em vigor emnovembro de 2017 a Lei nº 13.467/2017, representando verdadeiro desmonte de direitos sociais advindos de conquistas históricas da classe trabalhadora. Uma vez sancionada a lei, cabe ao intérprete integrá-la ao ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, de modo que sua interpretação se dê à luz de um conjunto normativo composto por princípios, disposições legais de âmbitos nacional e internacional, bem como em diálogo com a produção científica e a evolução jurisprudencial correspondentes ao tema, considerada, ainda, a imprescindível observância às diretrizes constitucionais.
DESAFIOS À APLICAÇÃO DOS PRINCÍPIOS DA PREVENÇÃO E DA PRECAUÇÃO NO MEIO AMBIENTE DE TRABALHO PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL E O TRABALHO DECENTE
Authors: Machado Fernanda de Vargas , Góes Maurício de Carvalho
Published: November 2024

Catástrofes naturais ou provocadas pelo homem, assim como os desafios que as novas tecnologias impõem, indicam que vivemos em uma sociedade de risco. O meio ambiente, inclusive o do trabalho, é afetado por esses riscos, e, consequentemente, o ser humano. Nesse contexto, e nos termos da Agenda 2030 da Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU), como os riscos reais e desconhecidos devem ser considerados para fins de prevenção e precaução no meio ambiente de trabalho visando ao trabalho decente e ao desenvolvimento sustentável? Objetivando responder a tal questionamento, a partir da coleta de dados bibliográficos e documentais, utilizando-se o método de abordagem dedutivo, serão tecidas considerações acerca da sociedade de risco (BECK, 2011) e da Agenda 2030 da ONU na primeira seção deste estudo. Em seguida, será apresentado panorama sobre o meio ambiente e, especificamente, o meio ambiente do trabalho, a saúde e a segurança dos trabalhadores. Na segunda seção, serão abordados os princípios da prevenção e da precaução, para, na segunda parte, explorarem-se riscos a eles relacionados, conhecidos e desconhecidos, com exposição acerca de casos julgados nessa temática. Dessa forma, para que se possa garantir o desenvolvimento sustentável, o trabalho decente e a dignidade da pessoa humana, o meio ambiente do trabalho e o trabalhador devem ser protegidos frente a riscos conhecidos e desconhecidos.
TELETRABALHO
Authors: Fincato Denise Pires , Krost Oscar
Published: November 2024

O artigo trata de questões geminais do teletrabalho, avançando para a descrição e o registro de desafios que a modalidade de prestação de serviços, em sua feição subordinada, enfrentará com o término da pandemia de Covid-19 e o desfazimento das flexibilizações advindas do Direito do Trabalho de Emergência. Registra a preocupação com as questões ocupacionais e de relacionamento sindical e aponta ao Direito estrangeiro como bom paradigma em situações de déficit normativo-protetivo, em especial até o desfecho do Projeto de Lei nº 5.581/2020.
O BENEFÍCIO DA LICENÇA MATERNIDADE À LUZ DAS NOVAS ENTIDADES FAMILIARES:
Authors: Dimuro Bender D’Avila Caroline Dimuro Bender D’Avila
Published: November 2024

No contexto das novas configurações familiares, este estudo trazo seguinte questionamento que está em discussão no Supremo
Tribunal Federal: há possibilidade de concessão de licença-maternidade à mãe não gestante em união estável homoafetiva?
Parte-se da premissa de que o instituto tem como objetivo garantir a convivência com a criança e formar o vínculo familiar, de modo que ultrapassa a origem biológica da relação maternal e alcança aqueles que são referência para a criança. Tanto é que tramita um projeto de lei no Congresso Nacional com a finalidade de instituir a dupla licença parental, sem estabelecer prazos diferenciados para homens e mulheres. Além disso, resta evidente, em diversas decisões do Supremo Tribunal Federal e na própria legislação, que o gênero feminino e a condição de gestante não são mais determinantes para o reconhecimento do benefício, o qual pode ser estendido a um dos pais em relacionamento homoafetivo masculino e ao empregado adotante, por exemplo. Diante desse panorama, utilizando-se o método hipotético dedutivo e com base em pesquisa documental, jurisprudencial e bibliográfica, chega-se à seguinte conclusão/resultado: a expressão licença parental deve passar a reger o instituto e esta deve ser concedida à pessoa – pai, mãe ou quem tiver papel relevante na vida da criança – por escolha da própria família. Entende-se, ademais, que a adoção, como regra geral, do prazo de 180 dias de licença laboral remunerada encontra respaldo nas normas constitucionais que protegem a família e que esse período deveria ser dividido entre os(as) responsáveis do modo mais benéfico no âmbito da estrutura familiar.
ASEAN geology bibliometric analysis: A way forward for sustainable development
Authors:   Faculty of Accountancy, Finance and Business (FAFB), Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology (TARUMT), Jalan Genting Kelang, Setapak, 53300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Khoong Tai Wai , Musta Baba ,   Natural Disaster Research Centre, Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS), Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia, Adji Kusuma Kumara ,   Universitas Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo, Jl. Mojopahit 666 B, Sidoarjo City, East Java Province, Indonesia, Chong Kok Fei ,   Faculty of Human Ecology, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Ow Mun Waei , Phuah Kit Teng ,   Faculty of Accountancy, Finance and Business (FAFB), Tunku Abdul Rahman University of Management and Technology (TARUMT), Jalan Genting Kelang, Setapak, 53300, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Published: November 2024

Geology has facilitated societal growth and development. This study analysed the latest development in geology research within 10 ASEAN countries. The VOSviewer software was utilised to examine the distribution of bibliometric maps. The data was acquired from the Scopus database through a data filtering process using the “geology” terms contained in the title, keyword, and abstract. A total of 2,319 articles published between 2018 and 2022 were chosen to capture the prevailing latest circumstances. The findings showed a notable change in geology study throughout the five-year duration, with the number of articles published decreasing from 407 in 2018 to 265 in 2022. The VOSviewer association strength method further revealed the five terms with the highest frequency occurrences, namely geology (794 occurrences), structural geology (259 occurrences), engineering geology (278 occurrences), geophysics (240 occurrences), and remote sensing (214 occurrences). The terms were further categorised into seven distinct clusters, consisting of geology, structural geology, seismology, economic geology, deposits, engineering geology, and volcanoes. Both Indonesia and Malaysia were the most significant countries associated with the geology terms. The emerging latest terms adopted were gas engineering, environmental technology, tourism, machine learning, and sustainable development. This study serves as a valuable point of reference and a source of contemplation for researchers seeking to explore additional research areas, particularly in the field of geology within the ASEAN territory.
Effect of particle gradation and rock block content on soil-rock mixture shear strength parameters
Authors:   Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia, Salimun Norsyafiqah , Mohamad Hisham ,   Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP), Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, Malaysia
Published: November 2024

Soil-rock mixture (SRM) is highly inhomogeneous and loose geomaterial found in the quaternary formation, composed of a certain percentage of rock blocks, fine-grained soil, and pores. In Peninsular Malaysia, SRM can commonly be found in the granitic formation covering the mountainous areas where slope failures are prone to occur due to deep tropical weathering, heavy rainfall, and steep terrain. Numerous research studies have been conducted to investigate the mechanical behaviour of SRM, especially the influence of rock block content. However, the effect of particle size distribution has been studied in limited detail. This study uses sieve analysis, specific gravity, compaction, and direct shear box tests to determine the shear strength parameters of weathered type SRM with particle size distribution. The sample collected was divided into well-graded, poorly-graded, and gap-graded types of particle size distribution with 30%, 50%, and 70% rock block content, respectively. The percentage of rock block content is crucial in controlling the shear strength parameters. The specific gravity, dry density, optimum moisture content, and estimated porosity values measured show a considerable difference when the particle size distribution (PSD) and rock block content change. The findings also show that for a well-graded SRM, cohesion and friction angle values show a non-linear relationship against the rock block content. Meanwhile, as the rock block content increases, the cohesion decreases and inversely has an increment of friction angle for poorly-graded SRM. In contrast, the cohesion of gap-graded SRM increases when the rock block content increases. Hence, by understanding the influence of particle size distribution on the shear strength parameters of SRM, a better evaluation can be made in designing slope hazard mitigation.
Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation of glycyrrhizic acid in multitarget agents as potential inhibitors of respiratory influenza viruses
Authors: Supekar Aarati Ramesh , Bhujbal Santosh , Yadav Rashmi
Published: November 2024

Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), a key component of licorice root, has demonstrated various antiviral properties, including potential efficacy against influenza viruses. Using molecular docking, this study aims to elucidate GA’s binding affinity and stability with multiple target proteins associated with respiratory influenza viruses. Utilizing state-of-the-art computational techniques, we investigated the interactions between GA and key viral protein targets, including the ATP-bound state of BiP (5E84), main protease (Mpro) (6LU7), spike receptor binding domain (6LZG), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (6M71), spike glycoprotein (6VSB), NSP15 endonuclease (6VWW), Nsp9 RNA-binding protein (6W4B), papain-like protease (6W9C), and neurominadase from H1N1 (5NZ4) implicated in respiratory influenza infection. Our findings clarify GA’s binding modes within the active sites of these targets, shedding light on its inhibitory potential against viral replication. We study the stability and dynamics of the GA-protein complexes using detailed molecular dynamics simulations. This helps us understand how their antiviral activity works. These computational insights provide valuable guidance for the rational design of GA-based therapeutics, as well as promising avenues for further experimental validation and drug development efforts.
Development and application of an LC-MS/MS method for the detection of N-nitrosochlordiazepoxide as a potential genotoxic impurity
Authors: Birudukota Srinivas , Mangalapu Bhaskar , Ramakrishna Ramesha Andagar , Halder Swagata
Published: November 2024

In this study, we synthesized and characterized N-nitrosochlordiazepoxide, a potential genotoxic impurity originating from chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride, assessing its toxicity via quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis. Characterization techniques including UV spectroscopy and HPLC demonstrated purity at 97.0%, complemented by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis indicating characteristic peaks at 1,500 cm-1 (nitroso group) and 945 cm-1 (N-O bond), as well as mass spectrometry (m/z 329.2 [M+H]+) and NMR. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis, utilizing an HPLC octyldecylsilane column, revealed ion transitions from (Q1) m/z 329.20 to (Q3) m/z 281.90, 299.25, and 240.80. Method validation confirmed linearity (0.18–3 ppm) following The International Conference of Harmonization Q2 (R1) guidelines, with LOD and LOQ determined at 0.18 ppm and 0.375 ppm, respectively. Robustness studies showed <3% RSD with minor adjustments, and method precision exhibited <2.3% RSD for the main fragment (Q3) m/z 281.90, with intermediate precision below 1.8% RSD. Method accuracy was verified by recovery rates between 92.01% and 104.55%, and solution stability was confirmed for 24 hours at room temperature. Notably, analysis of three batches of chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride samples detected no traces of N-nitrosochlordiazepoxide, underscoring the enhanced sensitivity and accuracy of this LC-MS/MS method in pharmaceutical analytical procedures, crucial for ensuring product safety and compliance.
Unbiased identification of cell identity in dense mixed neural cultures
Authors: De Beuckeleer Sarah , Van De Looverbosch Tim , Van Den Daele Johanna , Ponsaerts Peter , De Vos Winnok H
Published: November 2024

Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology is revolutionizing cell biology. However, the variability between individual iPSC lines and the lack of efficient technology to comprehensively characterize iPSC-derived cell types hinder its adoption in routine preclinical screening settings. To facilitate the validation of iPSC-derived cell culture composition, we have implemented an imaging assay based on cell painting and convolutional neural networks to recognize cell types in dense and mixed cultures with high fidelity. We have benchmarked our approach using pure and mixed cultures of neuroblastoma and astrocytoma cell lines and attained a classification accuracy above 96%. Through iterative data erosion we found that inputs containing the nuclear region of interest and its close environment, allow achieving equally high classification accuracy as inputs containing the whole cell for semi-confluent cultures and preserved prediction accuracy even in very dense cultures. We then applied this regionally restricted cell profiling approach to evaluate the differentiation status of iPSC-derived neural cultures, by determining the ratio of postmitotic neurons and neural progenitors. We found that the cell-based prediction significantly outperformed an approach in which the time in culture was used as classification criterion (96%
vs.
86%, resp.). In mixed iPSC-derived neuronal cultures, microglia could be unequivocally discriminated from neurons, regardless of their reactivity state. A tiered strategy, allowed for discriminating microglial cell states as well, albeit with lower accuracy. Thus, morphological single cell profiling provides a means to quantify cell composition in complex mixed neural cultures and holds promise for use in quality control of iPSC-derived cell culture models.
Functional characterization of all CDKN2A missense variants and comparison to in silico models of pathogenicity
Authors: Kimura Hirokazu , Lahouel Kamel , Tomasetti Cristian , Roberts Nicholas J
Published: November 2024

Interpretation of variants identified during genetic testing is a significant clinical challenge. In this study, we developed a high-throughput CDKN2A functional assay and characterized all possible
CDKN2A
missense variants. We found that 17.7% of all missense variants were functionally deleterious. We also used our functional classifications to assess the performance of in silico models that predict the effect of variants, including recently reported models based on machine learning. Notably, we found that all in silico models performed similarly when compared to our functional classifications with accuracies of 39.5-85.4%. Furthermore, while we found that functionally deleterious variants were enriched within ankyrin repeats, we did not identify any residues where all missense variants were functionally deleterious. Our functional classifications are a resource to aid the interpretation of
CDKN2A
variants and have important implications for the application of variant interpretation guidelines, particularly the use of in silico models for clinical variant interpretation.
Microstructural asymmetries of the planum temporale predict functional lateralization of auditory-language processing
Authors: Qin Peipei , Bi Qiuhui , Guo Zeya , Yang Liyuan , Li HaoKun , Li Peng , Liang Xinyu , Luo Junhao , Kong Xiangyu , Xiong Yirong , Sun Bo , Ocklenburg Sebastian , Gong Gaolang
Published: November 2024

Structural hemispheric asymmetry has long been assumed to guide functional lateralization of the human brain, but empirical evidence for this compelling hypothesis remains scarce. Recently, it has been suggested that microstructural asymmetries may be more relevant to functional lateralization than macrostructural asymmetries. To investigate the link between microstructure and function, we analyzed multimodal MRI data in 907 right-handed participants. We quantified structural asymmetry and functional lateralization of the planum temporale (PT), a cortical area crucial for auditory-language processing. We found associations between PT functional lateralization and several structural asymmetries, such as surface area, intracortical myelin content, neurite density, and neurite orientation dispersion. The PT structure also showed hemispheric-specific coupling with its functional activity. All these functional-structural associations are highly specific to within-PT functional activity during auditory-language processing. These results suggest that structural asymmetry underlies functional lateralization of the same brain area and highlight a critical role of microstructural PT asymmetries in auditory-language processing.
Implicit motor adaptation patterns in a redundant motor task manipulating a stick with both hands
Authors: Kobayashi Toshiki , Nozaki Daichi
Published: November 2024

The remarkable ability of the motor system to adapt to novel environments has traditionally been investigated using kinematically non-redundant tasks, such as planar reaching movements. This limitation prevents the study of how the motor system achieves adaptation by altering the movement patterns of our redundant body. To address this issue, we developed a redundant motor task in which participants reached for targets with the tip of a virtual stick held with both hands. Despite the redundancy of the task, participants consistently employed a stereotypical strategy of flexibly changing the tilt angle of the stick depending on the direction of tip movement. Thus, this baseline relationship between tip-movement direction and stick-tilt angle constrained both the physical and visual movement patterns of the redundant system. Our task allowed us to systematically investigate how the motor system implicitly changed both the tip-movement direction and the stick-tilt angle in response to imposed visual perturbations. Both types of perturbations, whether directly affecting the task (tip-movement direction) or not (stick-tilt angle around the tip), drove adaptation, and the patterns of implicit adaptation were guided by the baseline relationship. Consequently, tip-movement adaptation was associated with changes in stick-tilt angle, and intriguingly, even seemingly ignorable stick-tilt perturbations significantly influenced tip-movement adaptation, leading to tip-movement direction errors. These findings provide a new understanding that the baseline relationship plays a crucial role not only in how the motor system controls movement of the redundant system, but also in how it implicitly adapts to modify movement patterns.
Attentional modulation of secondary somatosensory and visual thalamus of mice
Authors: Petty Gordon H , Bruno Randy M
Published: November 2024

Each sensory modality has its own primary and secondary thalamic nuclei. While the primary thalamic nuclei are well understood to relay sensory information from the periphery to the cortex, the role of secondary sensory nuclei is elusive. We trained head-fixed mice to attend to one sensory modality while ignoring a second modality, namely to attend to touch and ignore vision, or vice versa. Arrays were used to record simultaneously from the secondary somatosensory thalamus (POm) and secondary visual thalamus (LP). In mice trained to respond to tactile stimuli and ignore visual stimuli, POm was robustly activated by touch and largely unresponsive to visual stimuli. A different pattern was observed when mice were trained to respond to visual stimuli and ignore touch, with POm now more robustly activated during visual trials. This POm activity was not explained by differences in movements (i.e. whisking, licking, pupil dilation) resulting from the two tasks. Post hoc histological reconstruction of array tracks through POm revealed that subregions varied in their degree of plasticity. LP exhibited similar phenomena. We conclude that behavioral training reshapes activity in secondary thalamic nuclei. Secondary nuclei respond to the same behaviorally relevant, reward-predicting stimuli regardless of stimulus modality.
Single Cell Sequencing Provides Clues about the Developmental Genetic Basis of Evolutionary Adaptations in Syngnathid Fishes
Authors: Healey Hope M , Penn Hayden B , Small Clayton M , Bassham Susan , Goyal Vithika , Woods Micah A , Cresko William A
Published: November 2024

Seahorses, pipefishes, and seadragons are fishes from the family Syngnathidae that have evolved extraordinary traits including male pregnancy, elongated snouts, loss of teeth, and dermal bony armor. The developmental genetic and cellular changes that led to the evolution of these traits are largely unknown. Recent syngnathid genome assemblies revealed suggestive gene content differences and provide the opportunity for detailed genetic analyses. We created a single cell RNA sequencing atlas of Gulf pipefish embryos to understand the developmental basis of four traits: derived head shape, toothlessness, dermal armor, and male pregnancy. We completed marker gene analyses, built genetic networks, and examined spatial expression of select genes. We identified osteochondrogenic mesenchymal cells in the elongating face that express regulatory genes
bmp4, sfrp1a
, and
prdm16
. We found no evidence for tooth primordia cells, and we observed re-deployment of osteoblast genetic networks in developing dermal armor. Finally, we found that epidermal cells expressed nutrient processing and environmental sensing genes, potentially relevant for the brooding environment. The examined pipefish evolutionary innovations are composed of recognizable cell types, suggesting derived features originate from changes within existing gene networks. Future work addressing syngnathid gene networks across multiple stages and species is essential for understanding how their novelties evolved.