bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Digitization on Urban Social–Ecological Resilience: Evidence from Big Data Policy Pilots in China
Authors: Zhou Yucen , Wang Zhong , Liu Lifeng , Peng Yanran , Ihimbazwe Beatrice
Published: January 2025

Digitization plays a vital role in fostering economic and social development. This study empirically investigates the impact of digitization on urban industrial structures, technological innovation, public service levels, and social–ecological resilience. Various approaches, including the two-tier stochastic, spatial econometric, and panel threshold models, have been employed to analyze panel data from 287 cities from 2008 to 2023. These data are examined through a quasi-natural experiment analyzing the evolution of urban social–ecological resilience following China’s promotion of the national comprehensive pilot zone for big data. The findings are as follows. (1) The positive effects of digitization on urban social and ecological resilience substantially outweigh the negative effects, with an overall increasing trend in the positive net effect, albeit with significant regional differences. (2) Digitalization exhibits a significant spatial spillover effect, enhancing local social–ecological resilience while inhibiting improvements in neighboring cities. (3) Technological innovation and public service levels positively affect social–ecological resilience, whereas industrial structure upgrading has a negative indirect effect. Both industrial structure upgrading and public service levels demonstrate nonlinear effects under the threshold constraints of the intermediary mechanism. (4) In terms of policy mechanisms, regional differences in the urban industrial structure, innovation capacity, and public service levels must be considered. This approach is essential for promoting the organic integration of digitization across regions, mitigating the polarization effect, and enhancing the diffusion effect.
Novel Long-Conjugated Backbone-Based Non-Fullerene Acceptors for Efficient and Eco-Friendly Ternary Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Jeon Sung Jae , Yang Nam Gyu , Moon Doo Kyung
Published: January 2025

Organic solar cells (OSCs) are made from carbon-rich organic compounds with low environmental impacts, unlike the silicon in traditional solar panels. Some of these organic materials can be broken down and reprocessed, enabling the recovery of valuable components. Specifically, the active-layer materials that make up OSCs can be designed with sustainability in mind. However, it is important to note that practical active materials that can be used for the commercialization of OSCs are still an area of research and development due to their low efficiency/stability and processability. Herein, we designed and synthesized three A-D-A’-D-A-type long-conjugated non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs) by incorporating various electron-withdrawing groups into the benzothiadiazole-diindacenodithiophene core. These NFAs, by changing their end-capping groups, exhibit not only distinct physical, optical, and electrochemical properties, but also differences in crystallinity and exciton dissociation. As a result, they exhibited significant differences in photovoltaic performance in PM6 donor-based binary devices. The introduction of small amounts of NFAs as a third component in the PM6:BTP-eC9 blend significantly enhanced its photon harvesting capabilities and influenced its charge transfer dynamics. Finally, we achieved a remarkable power conversion efficiency of nearly 17% by utilizing an eco-friendly solvent. This study provides valuable insights for the development of NFAs in efficient and eco-friendly OSCs.
Bi-Symmetric Polyhedral Cages with Maximally Connected Faces and Small Holes
Authors: Piette Bernard , Lukács Árpad
Published: January 2025

Polyhedral cages (p-cages) describe the geometry of some families of artificial protein cages. We identify the p-cages made out of families of equivalent polygonal faces such that the faces of one family have five neighbors and P1 edges, while those of the other family have six neighbors and P2 edges. We restrict ourselves to polyhedral cages where the holes are adjacent to four faces at most. We characterize all p-cages with a deformation of the faces, compared to regular polygons, not exceeding 10%.
New Approach of Blind Adaptive Equalizer Based on Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Silva Caroline A. D. , Fernandes Marcelo A. C.
Published: January 2025

This paper introduces a novel approach to blind adaptive equalization for digital communication systems using genetic algorithms (GAs). Unlike traditional methods that rely on linear programming and suffer from local minima issues, this technique utilizes a stochastic linear programming cost function with GAs for robust optimization. The proposed method termed Blind Linear Equalizer based on genetic algorithm (BLE-GA) enhances performance by leveraging a GA’s ability to handle stochastic variables, offering rapid convergence and resilience against signal noise and inter-symbol interference. Extensive simulations demonstrate the effectiveness of BLE-GA across different QAM systems, outperforming conventional techniques like the Constant Modulus Algorithm in scenarios with high modulation levels. This study validates the potential of using GAs in adaptive blind equalization to achieve reliable and efficient communication, even in complex and noisy channel conditions.
Development of a Semi-Automated Decision-Making Method for the Resilience of Urban Healthcare Systems in Crisis Situations
Authors: Mulesa Oksana , Ondrejicka Vladimir , Yehorchenkov Oleksii , Yehorchenkova Nataliia , Jamecny Lubomir , Marusynets Marianna
Published: January 2025

This study is dedicated to solving the problem of how urban healthcare systems function in crisis situations. Cases where crisis situations lead either to population migrations or to a rapid increase in demand for medical services are the focus. There are often cases of the overloading of medical staff within institutions or the entire healthcare system in the city itself during new situations for which there are no clearly developed response protocols, such as the COVID-19 epidemic or man-made disasters. These situations can lead to the uneven access of resources for the population. This study develops a semi-automated decision-making method combining Wald world analysis and fuzzy logic. The method optimizes resource allocation and determines the priority of medical care, and, as a result, reduces the burden on the healthcare system by integrating socio-demographic and medical data. The results of experimental verification confirmed the ability of the method to adapt to dynamic changes, increase the accuracy of decision-making, and reduce response time. Importantly, the proposed method allows for a more equitable and efficient distribution of resources in the context of urbanization and population density growth.
Technical Analysis and Application Prospects of Magnetic Source Transient Electromagnetic Coil Devices in Hydrogeological Survey of Mining Area
Authors: Yang Yang , Yang Fei , Wang Bo , Qian Wangping , Wang Ying , Zuo Yuanbin
Published: January 2025

The transient electromagnetic method (TEM) has a wide range of applications in the hydrogeological exploration of mining engineering. This method is highly sensitive to groundwater responses and provides reliable data for the prevention of water-related disasters, such as sudden water surges and gushes. However, there are currently a lack of comprehensive and systematic analyses and summaries regarding the characteristics of magnetic source transient electromagnetic coil devices. Based on the fixed characteristics of the field source, this paper categorizes magnetic source transient electromagnetic coil devices into fixed-source devices and moving-source devices. It provides an in-depth introduction and analysis of the working principles, technical characteristics, existing applications, and development trends of these two types of devices. This study provides important references for the selection and application of magnetic source transient electromagnetic coil devices. In the future, the development of magnetic source transient electromagnetic devices will focus on deeper measurement depths, higher lateral resolution, non-contact coupling, and efficient detection, moving towards multifunctionality, automation, and intelligence. This paper can provide a technical reference for the selection of magnetic source transient electromagnetic coil devices and their application in hydrogeological exploration of mining engineering.
Coastal Bathing Water Quality in Portugal and Poland: Students’ Perspectives of Its Importance
Authors: Dobrzycka-Krahel Aldona , Fidalgo Maria Leonor
Published: January 2025

Coastal bathing waters are leading tourist destinations, mainly during holiday periods. Therefore, the quality of bathing waters is of key importance to tourists. In 2006, the European Union (EU) adopted the Bathing Water Directive (BWD). EU Member States are required to analyze the status of their bathing waters, the quality of which is determined by the presence or absence of microbial contaminants (Escherichia coli and enterococci). This study presents the quality of coastal bathing waters in Portugal and Poland during the 3-year period from 2020 to 2022. The difference in the bathing water quality of the two countries—excellent in Portugal versus worse in Poland—is caused by their contrasting management and sampling practices and differing geographical and environmental conditions (in Portugal, warm, open sea, and in Poland, a temperate, semi-enclosed sea that is almost surrounded by land and is exposed to urban wastewater discharge). Additionally, the results of a questionnaire showed that ecological awareness and responses are well developed in Portuguese and Polish students regardless of the different status of their bathing waters. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is among the first to analyze the relationships between water pollution and students’ ecological awareness and opinions on tourism. The results provide valuable information that policymakers, tourist entities, and educational institutions can use to develop more efficient management strategies for the coastal bathing waters in both countries.
Biochar-Based Solutions for Urban Artificial Landscape Water Bodies: Mitigating Eutrophication and Enhancing Visual Aesthetics
Authors: Jiao Ran , Zhou Zhiqiang , Wang Mo , Dong Liang
Published: January 2025

This study examines the efficacy of biochar in improving water quality in urban artificial landscape water bodies. Three biochar types—wood biochar, coconut shell biochar, and apricot kernel biochar—were systematically evaluated, along with the purification effects of varying biochar dosages on landscape water. Water quality parameters were quantified using a multiparameter water quality meter, while the enhancement of visual aesthetics was validated through online questionnaires distributed to citizens. The findings include the following: All biochar types significantly reduced eutrophication indices and enhanced visual quality metrics, with coconut shell biochar demonstrating the most pronounced effects. The purification effect correlates with initial water quality and biochar dosage. Water bodies with poorer initial quality tend to show better purification results. While optimal biochar dosage improves water quality parameters, excessive application leads to decreased performance and potential water quality deterioration. Questionnaire analysis of visual preferences for the purified water showed that among biochar types, coconut shell biochar was most preferred (53.2%), followed by apricot kernel biochar (22.8%) and wood biochar (17.2%), while untreated water received the lowest preference (6.8%). When evaluating coconut shell biochar dosages, the 10 g/L treatment achieved the highest preference (67.4%), followed by 5 g/L (18.2%), while both the 15 g/L treatment and untreated water received notably lower preferences (7.1% and 7.3%, respectively). These findings highlight biochar as a promising tool for enhancing both the ecological and aesthetic qualities of urban water bodies, provided its application is carefully tailored to variable environmental conditions.
Automatic Flood Monitoring Method with SAR and Optical Data Using Google Earth Engine
Authors: Peng Xiaoran , Chen Shengbo , Miao Zhengwei , Xu Yucheng , Ye Mengying , Lu Peng
Published: January 2025

Accurate and near-real-time flood monitoring is crucial for effective post-disaster relief efforts. Although extensive research has been conducted on flood classification, efficiently and automatically processing multi-source imagery to generate reliable flood inundation maps remains challenging. In this study, a new automatic flood monitoring method, utilizing optical and Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) imagery, was developed based on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) cloud platform. The Normalized Difference Flood Vegetation Index (NDFVI) was innovatively combined with the Edge Otsu segmentation method, utilizing SAR imagery, to enhance the initial accuracy of flood area mapping. To more effectively distinguish flood areas from non-seasonal water bodies, such as lakes, rivers, and reservoirs, pre-flood Landsat-8 imagery was analyzed. Non-seasonal water bodies were classified using multi-index methods and water body probability distributions, thereby further enhancing the accuracy of flood mapping. The method was applied to the catastrophic floods in Poyang Lake, Jiangxi Province, in 2020, and East Dongting Lake, Hunan Province, China, in 2024. The results demonstrated classification accuracies of 92.6% and 97.2% for flood inundation mapping during the Poyang Lake and East Dongting Lake events, respectively. This method offers efficient and precise information support to decision-makers and emergency responders, thereby fully demonstrating its substantial potential for practical applications.
Interactive animation media and students' learning interest in learning mathematics in elementary schools
Authors: Herawati Herawati , Septiarini Virda Putri , Hariyani Mimi , Hayati Zikra
Published: January 2025

The low interest of students in learning mathematics has an impact on learning outcomes which is one of the efforts in achieving learning goals. One effort that can be made to increase student interest in learning mathematics is to present more interesting materials and guide students to be more active. Thus, teachers are required to be creative and innovative in choosing learning media by adjusting student characteristics and combining media to support student learning interests. This study aims to determine the effect of interactive media on student learning interests. And to determine the completeness of student learning in mathematics material. The type of research used is pre-experimental design with a One-Group-Pretest-Posttest design research design. The sampling technique uses a saturated sampling technique which is all the population in class IV of SD Negeri Rumpet Aceh Besar as many as 24 students, consisting of 11 male students and 13 female students. Data were obtained using a learning interest questionnaire and test questions. Based on the results of the hypothesis test using the Paired Sample t-Test with a significance level of 0.05 (2-tailed), a significance of 0.00 was obtained. This shows that 0.00 < 0.05, then it can be concluded that there is an influence of the use of interactive animation media on the learning interest of students at Rumpet Aceh Besar Elementary School. This is also supported by the percentage of classical completion reaching 100% complete with a KKTP of 75%. Thus, interactive animation media has an effect on students' learning interest with learning outcomes achieving completion.
OVERVIEW OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF PRE-MARITAL MENTORING FOR STUNTING PREVENTION BY THE FAMILY TEAM (TPK)
Authors: Solihah Eneng , Wahyudin Uyu , Saepudin Asep
Published: January 2025

Stunting merupakan masalah kesehatan serius, prevalensi di Indonesia sebesar 21,6% Pendampingan pra-nikah merupakan salah satu upaya pencegahan stunting. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran pelaksanaan pendampingan calon pengantin oleh tim pendamping keluarga dalam upaya pencegahan stunting. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode gabungan (mixed methods) dengan pendekatan explanatory sequential. Pengumpulan data dilakukan secara bertahap, dimulai dengan data kuantitatif, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan data kualitatif. Populasi seluruh TPK di Kecamatan Rawamerta Kabupaten Karawang. Sampel 25% dari populasi yaitu 33 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel secara acak sederhana. Variabel adalah variabel statis, baik untuk karakteristik pendamping maupun pendampingan. Instrumen data kuantitatif menggunakan kuesioner, dianalisis secara bivariat, Instrumen data kualitiatif menggunakan pedoman wawancara berkembang, dianalisis dengan mereduksi jawaban. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa pendidikan pendamping terbanyak SMA (39%), komposisi SDM tim 50% kader, pengalaman menjadi pendamping 81,85% £ 1 tahun, seluruhnya belum pernah pelatihan pendampingan calon pengantin, tidak ada media pembelajaran, tidak membuat rencana kerja 81,81%, tidak melaksanakan edukasi skrining pra nikah 63,64%, tidak menindaklanjuti hasil skrining 90,91% pelaksanaan pendampingan kelompok risiko 12,12%. tidak melakukan pencatatan dan pelaporan 21,21%. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan pelaksanaan pendampingan calon pengantin belum sesuai pedoman pendampingan. Disarankan untuk menyusun model penguatan kompetensi pendamping calon pengantin untuk meningkatkan kinerja dalam pendampingan calon pengantin dengan media pembelajaran yang dapat digunakan sebagai pedoman pelaksanaan
PENGARUH PELATIHAN PRA BENCANA GEMPA BUMI TENTANG BALUT BIDAI TERHADAP TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN SISWA/SISWI DI SMA NEGERI 1 PUNDONG BANTUL
Authors: Tri Wulandari Endah , Anggita Cahyani Devi , Suparmanto Gatot
Published: January 2025

Earthquakes are one of the natural disasters which in reality cause quite a large impact, especially the number of victims caused. One location that has a fatal risk is school. In fact, school safety needs to be a global priority to face the threat of earthquake disasters. This negative impact is caused by a lack of knowledge and preparedness to anticipate an earthquake disaster. There is a need to increase preparedness to reduce the bad risks that may occur. Therefore, the aim of this research is to determine the effect of pre-earthquake disaster training regarding splint dressing on the level of knowledge of students at SMA N 1 Pundong. The method used in this research was pre-experiment. The research design used was a one-group pretest-posttest design. The research results showed that there was an Asymp.sig value. (2-tailed) 0.000, because the value of 0.000 is smaller than <0.05, it can be concluded that "Ha is accepted" which means there is a difference between the pretest and posttest results, so it can be concluded that there is an influence from the Pre-Earthquake Disaster Training on Wraps Bidai on Knowledge in Students and Students of SMA Negeri 1 Pundong.
WORK MOTIVATION AND WORKLOAD ON NURSES’ CARING BEHAVIOR IN EMERGENCY ROOM
Authors: Nugraha Dedep , Situmorang Roganda , Sholihatul Mukaromah Raihany
Published: January 2025

Indonesia has a high accumulation of patient visits to the Emergency Room (ER), thus caring in the ER requires more attention to produce better quality nursing services. This study aims to see the effect of nurses' motivation and workload on caring behavior in the ER. The research method used is quantitative, with a correlation analytic research design and a cross-sectional approach. The sample consisted of 37 nurse and patient respondents using accidental sampling techniques. The instrument used was the Gadar Caring Scale (GCS-46) questionnaire with frequency distribution data analysis and the Spearman Rank statistical test. The results showed that more than half of the nurses' motivation (56,76%) was in a good category and almost half of the nurses' workload was in the heavy category (40.54%). On the other hand, the level of nurses' caring was almost entirely in the moderate category (94.59%). In addition, there was a correlation between nurse’s motivation and caring as indicated by the correlation coefficient (r) and p-value of 0.55 and 0.0237, respectively. Meanwhile, the results of the analysis between nurses' workload and caring gave r and p-values ​​of 0.11 and 0.5121, respectively, indicating that there was no relationship between nurses' workload and nurses' caring in the ER.
The effects of oral L-carnitine supplementation on echocardiographic parameters in hemodialysis patients with pulmonary hypertension; a double-blind clinical trial investigation
Authors: Mirzaali Afiyeh , Mahmoodnia Leila , Nasiri Marziyeh , Raeisi Shahraki Hadi , Habibi Zahra
Published: January 2025

Introduction: Hemodialysis patients face progressive reductions in carnitine levels due to the removal of carnitine during hemodialysis and decreased endogenous synthesis, which may contribute to impaired fatty acid oxidation and endothelial dysfunction, potentially playing a role in the development of pulmonary hypertension. Objectives: This study sought to assess the impact of oral L-carnitine supplementation on echocardiographic index in hemodialysis patients diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension. Patients and Methods: This double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial was conducted on hemodialysis patients diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension who were referred to dialysis centers in 2022, in Shahrekord, Iran. Eligible participants were randomly assigned to receive either L-carnitine or placebo for 12 weeks. Informed written consent was taken from all patients and demographic characteristics were collected. Echocardiographic parameters were measured at baseline and after the intervention, including ejection fraction, systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP), mean pulmonary artery pressure (MPAP), and New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class. Data were collected and compared between control and intervention groups using statistical tests. Results: The study included 40 participants, divided into control and intervention groups. The mean ages were 65.10 ± 8.66 years for the control group and 56.35 ± 13.76 years for the intervention group. Analysis of echocardiographic parameters revealed significant differences between the groups after three months, with the intervention group showing a notable increase in ejection fraction and significant reductions in NYHA functional class, SPAP, and MPAP compared to the control group. Conclusion: Our findings showed that L-carnitine positively impacts cardiac function and echocardiographic parameters in hemodialysis patients with pulmonary hypertension. The significant improvements in ejection fraction and reductions in the NYHA functional class, SPAP, and MPAP indicate that L-carnitine may play an effective role in enhancing cardiac performance and improving symptoms in this patient population. Trial Registration: The trial protocol was approved by the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (identifier: IRCT20230425057989N1; https://irct.behdasht.gov.ir/trial/69751), and ethical code from Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences (Ethical code#IR.SKUMS.REC.1400.157).
BEYOND HISTORICIZATION: EMBRACING RESPONSIBILITY AS A SUBJECT OF HISTORY
Authors: Mosinyan Davit
Published: January 2025

This paper examines the limitations of traditional historiography and proposes a novel approach incorporating the existential concept of responsibility into historical understanding and writing. It argues that conventional historicization methods are inadequate, especially when addressing catastrophic events like genocide that transcend mere factuality. These events challenge historians to move beyond passive documentation and engage in responsible historicization. The proposed approach emphasizes the historian's active role in shaping historical narratives, particularly in preserving the memory of silenced voices. By integrating responsibility into historiography, historians can more effectively address the ethical implications of their work, especially in contexts where memory erasure and non-existence are central concerns. This responsible historicization offers a more profound and ethically grounded engagement with history. It acknowledges the historian's duty not only to record facts but also to grapple with the moral dimensions of historical events and their representation. The paper suggests that this approach can lead to a more nuanced understanding of the past, particularly in dealing with traumatic events that challenge traditional historical methodologies. By adopting this framework, historians can contribute more meaningfully to collective memory and the ongoing process of coming to terms with difficult histories.
�UNPOETICAL� POETRY OF PETR HRUSKA
Authors: Pilar Martin
Published: January 2025

Petr Hruska (born 1964) is a poet and literary historian from Ostrava. This post-industrial city used to be famous for its black coal mines and steel factories. At the time of the industrial boom, Ostrava started to be a �melting pot� of nations living in this part of Central Europe � the Czechs, Poles, Germans from Silesia, Austrians, Jews, and Slovaks. No wonder, then, that the cultural life of this region differs from that in traditional centres of Czech culture like Prague or Brno. Nevertheless, Hruska�s collections of poems have been awarded the most prestigious Czech literary prizes and are more and more often translated into foreign languages.
The following essay is based on the book of Hruska�s selected poems, translated at the Harvard University and published in Britain (Everything Indicates, 2023). After the analyses of Hruska�s main themes and means of their verbal expression, attention must be paid to how he deals with the interplay between the history of individuals and families versus broader social and political contexts. Of course, describing this tension is quite common among artists and experts in social sciences. However, Hruska�s literary texts are in many aspects unconventional because his way of thinking and expression does not follow the typical stylistic norms of both classical and modernist poetry. The methodology of comparative literary studies must be used here because, without it, the international success of the author from a cultural periphery cannot be adequately understood. In his early poems, Hruska was a representative of so-called everyday poetry settled in a small universe of his family and friends. Nevertheless, in his newest collection, I Caught Sight of My Face (Spatril jsem svou tvar, 2022), he takes part in Magellan�s voyage around the world, reflecting on the transient and the eternal aspects of human life. It seems that there is no significant difference between intimate and social history, and Hruska can express it in simple sentences with no complicated metaphors. In the chaos of the postmodern world, this kind of writing can be attractive even for readers who are not fond of traditional poetry.
APPLICATION OF THE CRADIS METHOD FOR THE SELECTION OF A BROACHING MACHINE FOR WOODWORKING BUSINESS IN VIETNAM
Authors: Van Dua Tran
Published: January 2025

Vietnam is a Southeast Asian country which has abundant timber resources. Therefore, the woodworking industry of this country is also very developed. Many necessary equipment must be equipped for a woodworking business. Broaching machine is one of the most commonly used machines in woodworking industry. The wood broaching machine is used to create beautiful round-shaped wooden slats. Choosing a wood machine to buy needs to consider many of its parameters. The objective of this research is to present a scientific methodology for selecting the optimal wood planing machine from a wide range of available options. The diversity of wood planing machines results in a wide variation in their parameters. This makes selecting a wood planing machine a complex task, requiring consideration of numerous criteria. Which means making a multi-criteria decision when choosing one wood broaching machine among many available machines. In this study, ranking to choose the best options among seven available options will be performed. CRADIS (Compromise Ranking of Alternatives from Distance to Ideal Solution) is a multicriteria decision-making (MCDM) method which was used to accomplish this task. The weights of criteria was determined by five different methods. Five weighting methods were mentioned in this study, including the mean method, the RS (Rank Sum) method, the ROC (Rank Order Centroid) method, the MEREC (Method based on the Removal Effects of Criteria) method, and the entropy method. The results showed that the ranks of the alternatives are very stable, the best and the worst alternatives were found regardless of the weighting method used.
EXPLORING THE FINANCING OF PRISONERS’ STUDIES STUDYING AT A DISTANCE IN A NAMIBIAN CORRECTIONAL FACILITY
Authors: Mahlangu Vimbi Petrus
Published: January 2025

The study explored the financing of prison distance education programs in a Namibian Correctional Facility to understand inmates’ motivations despite the challenging conditions. This study employed qualitative methods, using interviews, transcribed verbatim by a skilled transcriber, and interpreted by the author within an interpretive paradigm. Thematic analysis revealed recurring patterns and insights into inmates’ educational pursuits during adversity. Despite the harsh conditions, the inmates showed strong motivation to study, highlighting the need to understand financing challenges in correctional settings. Findings underscored the importance of adequate funding for distance education and shifting from punitive to rehabilitative approaches. Practical implications include the necessity for robust financing mechanisms to support prisoner education and community reintegration. Recommendations include resource allocation, partnerships with educational institutions, and policy reforms prioritizing rehabilitation. Further research is suggested to explore the efficacy of educational programs in reducing recidivism rates and fostering positive outcomes for Namibian prisoners.
Venice Charter and the Development of Authenticity
Authors: Cefai Shirley
Published: January 2025

Authenticity has been a concern for many centuries. In the 19th century, during the restoration interventions on Notre Dame, it was obvious that authenticity was linked solely to the original material of the monument. It was in the Venice Charter of 1964, that there was an attempt to define authenticity. Since then, the perception and understanding of what is authentic has changed. This shift in meaning is partly due to changes in the sanctioned definitions of chartered documents, which influenced the values society attributed to their heritage. Values counteracted this by becoming wider in scope. Though the Venice Charter mentioned authenticity, it did not specify the attributes heritage should maintain to be considered authentic. This was to change when intangible and tangible heritage were considered as criteria for inscription in World Heritage Sites, particularly with the pivotal contribution from the Japanese experience of intangible heritage when they joined the World Heritage Convention. Once intangible and tangible heritage were considered for inscription in World Heritage Sites, authenticity was pushed to consider other attributes than materiality alone. The understanding of authenticity was developed through discussions regarding World Heritage Sites like Abu Simbel, the Historic Centre of Warsaw and Mostar Bridge, which were enlisted as World Heritage Sites after major interventions or reconstruction works were carried out on them. The article concludes with a discussion regarding how the characteristics of the material used, in particular in a case of reconstruction, could influence the authentic or truthful experience of a historic site.
High-frequency characterization of AlGaN/GaN MIS-HEMTs and HEMTs at cryogenic temperatures
Authors: Lin Chuang-Ju , Chen Bo-Yuan , Chen Kun-Ming , Chen Yu-Ting , Huang Guo-Wei , Chang Edward Yi
Published: January 2025

The high-frequency characteristics of AlGaN/GaN metal-insulator-semiconductor high-electron-mobility transistors (MIS-HEMTs) and HEMTs are thoroughly investigated for cryogenic applications. Compared with HEMT, MIS-HEMT has an additional SiN passivation upon the AlGaN layer, which also serves as the gate dielectric. The experimental results show that the DC characteristics of MIS-HEMT exhibit more pronounced improvements than that of HEMT when the temperature decreases from 300 K to 4 K. However, the high-frequency parameters of HEMT, such as cutoff frequency and maximum oscillation frequency, perform more significantly than MIS-HEMT at low temperatures. These phenomena are attributed to the different gate structures between MIS-HEMT and HEMT and the fact that the surface-related charge trapping in HEMT is suppressed at low temperatures. Therefore, optimizing the AlGaN/GaN structure under the gate and reducing traps in the device is crucial for achieving good high-frequency performance under extreme temperature conditions.
Apakah Etos Kerja Memediasi Pengaruh Pembinaan terhadap Keberhasilan Usaha Mustahik? Studi Empiris pada Penerima Zakat Produktif di Kota Banda Aceh
Authors: Munawir Al , Ibrahim Azharsyah , Arifin Muhammad
Published: January 2025

Poverty remains a critical issue requiring strategic and effective solutions. In Aceh, ultra-micro entrepreneurs face significant challenges in obtaining business capital from financial institutions, often resorting to high-interest loans from moneylenders. The Baitul Mal Aceh addresses this problem through the productive zakat program as a tool for poverty alleviation. This study analyzes the impact of coaching and mentoring on the success of mustahik businesses, mediated by work ethic variables. A quantitative research approach was employed, targeting productive zakat recipients of ultra-micro business capital assistance in Baitul Mal Aceh. A sample of 100 respondents was selected, and data were collected using questionnaires. The analysis was conducted using the Partial Least Square (PLS) method with SmartPLS version 3 software. The results reveal: (1) Coaching significantly and positively influences mustahik business success; (2) Mentoring significantly and positively influences mustahik business success; (3) Coaching significantly and positively influences work ethic; (4) Mentoring significantly and positively influences work ethic; (5) Work ethic significantly and positively influences mustahik business success; (6) Coaching significantly and positively influences mustahik business success through work ethic as a mediating variable; (7) Mentoring significantly and positively influences mustahik business success through work ethic as a mediating variable. These findings provide actionable insights for Baitul Mal Aceh in developing economic empowerment programs for mustahik and encouraging them to enhance their work ethic for entrepreneurial success.
Pengaruh Digitalisasi, Religiusitas, dan Keterikatan Pegawai terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Bank Syariah di Kota Banda Aceh dengan Kepatuhan Syariah sebagai Variabel Moderator
Authors: Zahirah Putri , Yusuf Muhammad Yasir , Amri Khairul
Published: January 2025

This study aims to examine the impact of digitalization, religiosity, and employee attachment on employee performance, with sharia compliance positioned as a moderating variable. The sample consists of 400 employees from Islamic banks in Banda Aceh, selected using simple random sampling techniques and calculated through the Slovin formula. This research emphasizes the utilization of primary data obtained via questionnaire distribution, analyzed using the Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) statistical model. Findings indicate that, individually, digitalization, religiosity, and attachment exert a significant positive influence on the performance of Islamic bank employees in Banda Aceh. As a moderating variable, sharia compliance also demonstrates a significant positive effect on employee performance. The interaction between digitalization and sharia compliance significantly enhances employee performance. Additionally, the interaction between religiosity and sharia compliance positively influences employee performance. Similarly, the interaction between employee attachment and sharia compliance also reveals a significant positive impact on performance.
The Relationship Between Coffee Consumption Habits and Screen Time with The Incidence of Obesity Students Senior High School 2 Jambi City in 2024
Authors: Junita Junita , Insani Nur , Widwawati Tiara
Published: January 2025

Background: Obesity is a condition in which there is an imbalance between the entry and exit of energy in the sufferer. Obesity is one of the diseases that afflicts many people around the world, especially teenagers. Obesity continues to increase, which is feared to be one of the triggers of the causative factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between coffee consumption habits, screen time and the incidence of obesity in students of SMA Negeri 2 Jambi City.Methods; The research design uses a cross sectional design with a sample of 70 respondents. The sampling technique uses the proportional random sampling technique. The results of this study were carried out data analysis test using chisquare test.
Results: The results of the statistical test using the chi-square test with a p- value of 0.1 (p-value > 0.05) which means that there is no relationship between coffee consumption habits and the incidence of obesity. For the relationship with coffee volume P value of 0.507 (p-value > 0.05) was obtained where there was no relationship between coffee volume and obesity in students at SMAN 2 Jambi City. The results of the chi- square test were obtained with a P value of 0.001 (pvalue < 0.05)Conclusion: Which means that there is a relationshipbetween screen time and the incidence of obesity in students of SMA Negeri 2 Jambi City.
Differences in The Effects of Pursed Lips Breathing and Chest Physiotherapy on Oxygen Saturation in Toddlers Suffering from Pneumonia
Authors: Rosuliana Novi Enis , Syaripah Ipah Nur , Radiati Ani , Saleha Triya Yestika
Published: January 2025

Background: Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that attacks the lungs or alveoli and often occurs in toddlers, especially infants. Pneumonia is caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, exposure to chemicals or damage to lung physiology. Pneumonia causes high mortality rates in children under five because it results in disruption of oxygenation status in the form of a decrease in oxygen saturation caused by accumulation of secretions. This condition raises the nursing problemof impaired gas exchange and ineffective airway clearance. Non-pharmacological measures to increase oxygen saturation are pursed lips breathing and chest physiotherapy. The aim of the research was to determine the difference in the effect of pursed lips breathing and chest physiotherapy on oxygen saturation in toddlers with pneumonia in the Purbaratu Tasikmalaya Health Center working area.Method: This study used a quasi-experimental design with two intervention groups, pretest and posttest without a control group, with a sample size of 22 respondents who were divided into 2 intervention groups with sampling using a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis was univariate and bivariate in the form of paired tests and independent t-tests.Results: The results of the study showed that there was a difference in the effect of pursed lips breathing and chestphysiotherapy on oxygen saturation in toddlers with pneumonia with a p value of 0.002 (p<0.05).Conclusion: This study shows that pursed lips breathing and chest physiotherapy can increase oxygen saturation in toddlers with pneumonia. The implication of this research could be an intervention that applies the principles of atraumatic care in providing pure lips breathing and chest physiotherapy to overcome the nursing problems of gas exchange disorders and ineffective airway clearance in increasing oxygen saturation values.
The Influence of 'TESIMIA' on The Knowledge and Attitudes of Female Adolescent Regarding Anemia
Authors: Yuliana Rosa , Triana Winda , Putra Egy Sunanda
Published: January 2025

Background: Anemia is a condition where is a decrease in the number of erythrocytes as indicated by a decrease in hemoglobin levels, hematocrit and erythocyte count. Based on previous research, the frequency of anemia in adolescent girls is 26.5% in one of the junior high schools in Jambi City, adolescent girlss who have low knowledge was 51.5% and having a poor attidude was 51.5%. this shows that young women do not yet know that anemia has a bigimpact on their own health. This figure shows that anemia is still a health problem that needs attention in Jambi Province.Method: This type of research is Quantitative research using the pre-Eksperiment method, research design using a One group pretest – postest design with a total sample of 55 respondents taken by purposive sampling. Data collection used a knowledge questionnaire and attitude checklist instrument. Data analysis used the wilcoxon test.Result: It is known that Asymp.Sig (2-tailed) has a value of 0.001. Because the value of 0.001 is smaller than ≤ 0.05, there is a difference in the results of health education using anemia crossword puzzle for class VII students at SMP 19 Jambi City in the pretest and posttest.Conclusion: Present the main conclusions and their implications. There is an influence of health education using anemia crossword puzzle on knowledge and attitudes towards preventing anemia in class VII students of SMP 19 Jambi City
Consumption Patterns and Incidents of Stunting among Suku Anak Dalam (SAD) Toddler in Muaro Jambi: Ethnographic Study
Authors: Nurmawi Yesi , Yurizal Yurizal
Published: January 2025

Background: The incidence of stunting among SAD toddlers in Nyogan Village, Muaro Jambi is 42.2%. Stunting is caused by children not getting adequate and adequate nutrition at all stages of life. Overcoming stunting requires addressing the main direct cause, namely consumption patterns. The aim of this research is to analyze consumption patterns and the incidence of stunting among SAD toddlers in Muaro Jambi Regency using an ethnographic study.Method: This research uses a qualitative methodology with an ethnographic research design. Data collection used visual methods, in-depth interviews, FGD (focus group discussion), anthropometric measurements, and the Food Frequency Form. The research informants consisted of 15 mothers of toddlers as the main informants and 5 key informants. Researchers used the triangulation method of sources, methods and data to test the validity of the data. Data analysis usesthematic analysis.Result: The research results found that 4 (26.7%) SAD toddlers were stunted. The food consumption patterns of SAD toddlers are not met in quantity, namely a lack of consumption of both animal and vegetable protein, vegetables and fruit. Likewise, with energy, protein, fat and carbohydrate intake. This SAD fulfills its food needs by purchasing and its purchasing power depends on the results of fishing. Some of the fish are consumed and sold to buy other food needs.Conclusion: The food consumption patterns of stunted SAD toddlers are insufficient. Informants need to seek information from health workers about healthy and nutritionally balanced food, cheap and affordable according to purchasing power.
Differences in OHI-S Children with Mental Disabilities at SLB N 2 Jambi City with Children with Mental Disabilities at SLBN Sungai Penuh
Authors: Surayah Surayah , Rudi David , Remussyipa Shelfina Maulani
Published: January 2025

Background: Children with Special Needs (ABK) are at high risk who have chronic physical, developmental, behavioral or emotional conditions that require assistance in maintaining dental and oral hygiene. Indicators of the degree of maintaining dental and oral hygiene with an average Oral Hygiene Index Simplified (OHI-S) <1.2 which is obtained by adding the debris index and calculus index numbers. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in OHI-S in mentally retarded children at SLB N 2 Jambi City and mentally retarded children at SLB N Sungai Penuh in 2024.Method: This study design used a cross-sectional method. Data were obtained from 32 mentally retarded students at SLB N 2 Jambi City and 30 mentally retarded students at SLB N Sungai Penuh. Univariate data were analyzed descriptively and bivariately with the Man Withney test. Result: The results of the study obtained data that the OHI-S description of mentally retarded children at SLB N 2 Jambi City was mostly good criteria (68.8%), moderate criteria (28.1%) and poor criteria (3.1%), while at SLB N Sungai Penuh the most were moderate criteria (73.3%), poor criteria (16.7%) and good criteria (10.0%). There was a significant difference between the OHI-S of mentally retarded children at SLB N 2 Jambi City and mentally retarded children at SLB N Sungai Penuh in 2024.Conclusion: There is a significant difference between the OHI-S of mentally retarded children at SLB N 2 Jambi City and mentally retarded children at SLB N Sungai Penuh in 2024.
Density of Aedes Sp Larvae in Pinang Merah Urban Village
Authors: Mahestu Rani , Fahri Sukmal , Chandra Emilia , Putri. S Dyah , Oktavia Regina
Published: January 2025

Background: Dengue fever is an endemic and a global problem in over 100 countries. According to the Directorate of Disease Prevention and Control of the Indonesian Ministry of Health's publication data from 2023 until August, 57,884 dengue cases were reported, with 422 deaths. The national ABJ has not reached the target, so it is necessary to observe vectors at the larval stage to determine the distribution, mosquito density, the primary habitat of larvae, and the alleged risk of transmission. This research aimed to determine the density of the Aedes population through indicators such as the House Index, Container Index, Breteau Index, and Density Figure.Method: This research was quantitative descriptive with a cross-sectional method that describes the density of Aedes mosquito larvae according to HI, CI, and BI indicators. The research samples amounted to 160 houses. The sampling technique used proportional sampling.Result: The results of this research showed that the House index was 36%, the Container Index 23.21%, and the Breteau Index 52%, resulting in a Density Figure of 5.6, which means that the Pinang Merah Village area is a high-risk area (red zone) so that immediate vector control is needed, considering that the ABJ obtained is still far below the standard of 64%.Conclusion: In conclusion, it is necessary to implement dengue vector control in Pinang Merah Village so that ABJ can increase and reduce the status of mosquito larvae density in the area. It is recommended that the community starts to carry out PSN actively, and government attention is needed to increase public awareness of mosquito nets eradication efforts.