bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“My Life Became More Meaningful”: Confronting One’s Own End Of Life And Its Effects On Well-Being - A Qualitative Study
Authors: Kukla Helena , Herrler Angélique , Strupp Julia , Voltz Raymond
Published: February 2022

Background: The perception of being closer to death can be experienced due to old age or life-limiting diseases, and can pose profound existential challenges. Actively confronting death-related issues and existential questions may increase psychosocial comfort and stimulate personal growth, whereas dysfunctional coping may lead to existential distress. To date, research on individual and (semi-)professional approaches to confronting the own end of life and the effects on one’s well-being remain scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore individual strategies and wishes in order to derive ideas for appropriate support concepts.Methods: Twenty semi-structured interviews were conducted with people over the age of 80 (n = 11) and with a life-limiting disease (n = 10). The interviews were transcribed verbatim and independently coded by two researchers according to Braun and Clarke's thematic analysis approach.Results: While the use of (semi-)professional approaches (e.g. therapeutic support) to confronting existential questions in the shape of one's impending death was rare, individual coping strategies did have a positive impact on psychosocial comfort. There were hardly any significant differences between the participants aged 80 and over and those with a life-limiting disease in terms of individual coping strategies or how they approached the ends of their lives. Both groups reported that theoretical education, preparing for the ends of their lives (e.g. funerals), talking about death-related topics, reflecting on death-related topics, and contemplating death in a spiritual sense had positive effects on their assurance, self-determination and relief. The necessity of confrontation and a desire for low-threshold, accessible and flexible services to meet their existential and spiritual needs were highlighted.Conclusions: There is both a desire and a need for the addressing of existential questions. Outside of private contexts, however, the participants possessed little awareness of support services that focused on confronting end-of-life issues, and rarely used such services. Efforts to raise awareness for psychosocial and spiritual needs should be implemented within the care system, together with low-threshold support concepts, in order to increase psychosocial well-being. More research evaluating individual approaches to confronting the own end of life are needed to better understand this determinant of well-being and its mechanisms of action.Trial registration: www.germanctr.de, DRKS-ID: DRKS00020577
Vulnerability Status-Quo of the Underprivileged Communities in Mongla from Climate Change perspective
Authors: Munna Masudul Haque , Alam Md. Sajadul , Fatema Kaniz , Jimmy Abdun Naqib
Published: February 2022

Climate-induced changes, such as extreme cyclones, devastating tidal surges, severe floods, river erosion, excessive rainfall, and overwhelming salinity intrusion, occur more frequently and unpredictably across Bangladesh. The frequency and intensity of these hazards are likely to increase due to climate change. This study considers the baseline situation of the grassroots people of Mongla Upazila & community perception of climate change vulnerability and the local community-based adaptation strategies. Data were collected from respondents in Sundarban, Mithakahali, Chandpai, Sonailtola unions of Mongla Upazila, Bagerhat District, Bangladesh, an area subjected to frequent climate-related hazards. Many of the respondents within the target communities did not recognize the frequency and intensity of climate change. Most notably, although salinity was widely recognized as a significant problem for the community – agriculture, fisheries, biodiversity, trees, and plants, are all highly vulnerable – very few perceived an increased risk due to climate change. This suggests that communities do not predict perfectly an increased threat from these hazards and thus may not recognize the need to implement adaptation strategies further. In this research, the highest hazard score is 12, obtained by 100 families, illustrating that those families are in the most precarious position in terms of different climatic disasters the region faces. The table also elucidates that the hazard score of 12 is obtained by five families, illustrating that those families are in the most precarious position in terms of the region's different climatic disasters. The table also elucidates that the hazard score of forty-nine families is between 10 to 11.5, more than 25% of the total respondents. Forty-two families lie between 8.5–9.5, 43% of the total Respondent. The rest of the four respondents' score lies between 5.5-8, 3.56% of the total respondents.
Potato Fermented Fertilizer Modulates Soil Nitrification by Shift Niche of Functional Microorganisms to Increase Yield in North China
Authors: Zhang Qichun , Gong Longda , Abbas Touqeer , Wu Dan , He Dan , Di Hongjie
Published: February 2022

Aims
Potato starch wastewater contains higher contents of essential nutrients, which can be feritilizer to help crop growth. However, the effects of potato fermented fertilizer on soil ecology and soil microbial community structure have not yet been elucidated. The objective of this study was to investigate the shifts of active ammonia oxidation microbial communities under different fertilization in a typical soil from North China.
Methods
The different levels of potato fermented fertilizer without or with chemical fertilizer were designed by field experiment.
Results
The results showed that the application of potato fermented fertilizer could significantly increase crop yields by 165–399% compared to Control. The content of available soil nutrients and the activity of saccharase and cellulase were increased when potato fermented fertilizer was applied, and the combination fertilizers further increased the content of Olsen-P by 145.6-166.7%, NO3− by 15.2–81.1%, Total C by 13.8–14%, and Total N by 27.2–34.7% compared with potato fermented fertilizer (PW) treatments. Furthermore, the fermented potato fertilizer significantly stimulated the diversity of soil microbial community, and increased the differentiation and stability of soil microbial networks in deep soils. Finally, the change of niche of soil Comammox(COM), ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) was found after PW treatments, showed a significant positive correlation between AOA and COM (r = 0.79, P < 0.01), AOB and NOB (r = 0.7, P < 0.05) instead of theoretically the competitive relationship between AOA and COM.
Conclusions
Potato fermented fertilizer modulates soil nitrification strategy by change the niche of soil functional microorganisms to increase fast-acting nutrients and increase crop yield.
How To Fall Into A New Routine: Factors Influencing The Implementation Of An Admission And Discharge Program In Hospitals And General Practices
Authors: Forstner Johanna , Litke Nicola , Weis Aline , Straßner Cornelia , Szecsenyi Joachim , Wensing Michel
Published: February 2022

Introduction: The VESPEERA programme is a multifaceted programme to enhance information transfers across the whole process from admission, stay and discharge from the hospital to general practice. It was implemented in 7 hospitals and 72 general practices in Southern Germany. Intervention fidelity was heterogeneous, but overall low. A process evaluation aimed at identifying factors associated with the implementation of the VESPEERA programme.Methods: This was a qualitative study, using semi-structured interviews, in a purposeful sample of health workers in hospitals and general practices in the VESPEERA programme. Qualitative framework analysis using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was performed and revealed the topic of previous and new routines to be protruding. Then, content analysis was used and an inductive set of four stages to describe the process of staying in a previous or falling into a new routine by implementing the VESPEERA programme was developed.Results: Thirty-six interviews were conducted with 17 participants from general practices and 19 participants from hospitals. The interviewees were in different stages of the implementation process at the time of the interviews. The four stages are as following: Stage 1, “Previous routine and tension for change”, describes the initial setting in which VESPEERA was to be implemented and the factors leading to the decision to participate. In stage 2, “Adoption of the VESPEERA programme”, factors that influenced whether individuals decided to employ the innovation is described. Stage 3 comprises ”Determinants for falling into and staying in the new VESPEERA-routine”, and finally, in stage 4, the participants reflect on the success of the implementation. Conclusions: The individuals and organisations participating in the VESPEERA programme were in different stages of a from the previous to the new routine. These stages were characterised by different determinants to implementation. Emerging topics were related to organisational characteristics, such as size of the organisation, hierarchy, and leadership. Developing a new routine was identified as beneficial for implementation the innovation.Trial Registration: DRKS00015183 on DRKS / Universal Trial Number (UTN): U1111-1218-0992
Ascorbic acid and Proline alleviat the adverse effects of salinity stress in Duranta erecta L. var. Variegata plants
Authors: Hamoud Magda , El-Banna Sabah , Mostafa Gehan Gaber , Mohamed yehia , Hassan Makka
Published: February 2022

The present study was carried out at the Faculty of Desert Agriculture and Environmental in Fouka, Matrouh University (Matrouh governorate) Egypt, during the two successive seasons of 2019/2020 and 2020/2021. This investigatin aimed to study the effects of ascorbic acid (0.0, 100, 200 ppm) and proline (0.0, 40, 80 ppm) on alleviating the adverse effects of salinity stress at 0.0, 2000, 4000, 6000 ppm seawater in Duranta erecta L. var. Variegata plants. The experiment was designed in a split-plot design in random completely block design (RCBD) with three replications. In this experiment, the main plot was salt water levels and the sub-plot was spraying by proline and ascorbic acid treatments. The results showed that treated plants with proline at 80 ppm and ascorbic acid at 200ppm enhanced plant height, leaves dry weight, leaf green color degree (SPAD units), plant survival percentage, stomata measurement, potassium of leaves and antioxidant such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH), cytochrome b5, cytochrome P450 (CYP450), amidopyrine N-demethylase and aniline 4-hydroxylase activity. Moreover, treatments deacreased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), sodium and chlorid. Finaly, proline and ascorbic acid alleviate the negative effects of salinity and increase Duranta plant growth and plant survival percentage by inhancing the antioxidant enzymes, potassium cations and photosynthetic system, decresing DNA breakage %, harmful ions eg:sodium and chloride.
Harmonisation of in-silico next-generation sequencing based methods for diagnostics and surveillance
Authors: Nunez-Garcia J. , AbuOun M. , Storey N. , Brouwer M. , Delgado-Blas J.F , Mo S. S. , Ellaby N. , Veldman K. T. , Haenni M. , Châtre P. , Madec J. Y. , Hammerl J. A. , Serna C. , Getino M. , LaRagione R. , Naas T. , Telke A. A. , Glaser P. , Sunde M. , Gonzalez-Zorn B. , Ellington M. J. , Anjum M.
Published: February 2022

Improvements in cost and speed of next generation sequencing (NGS) have provided a new pathway for delivering disease diagnosis, molecular typing, and detection of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Numerous published methods and protocols exist, but a lack of harmonisation has hampered meaningful comparisons between results produced by different methods/protocols vital for global genomic diagnostics and surveillance. As an exemplar, this study evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of five well-established in-silico AMR detection software, produced from whole genome sequencing a panel of 438 Escherichia coli. No significant differences in software performance were observed, suggesting that efforts to harmonise AMR predictions from sequence data should focus on: 1) establishing universal minimum levels of performance thresholds (e.g. a control isolate panel, minimum sensitivity/specificity thresholds); 2) standardising AMR gene identifiers in reference databases and gene nomenclature; 3) producing consistent genotype/phenotype correlations. The study also revealed limitations of in-silico technology on detecting resistance to certain antimicrobials due to lack of specific fine-tuning options in bioinformatics tool or a lack of representation of resistance mechanisms in the reference database. Lastly, we noted user friendliness of tools was also an important consideration. Therefore, our recommendations are timely for widespread standardisation of bioinformatics for genomic diagnostics and surveillance globally.
B blood group is related to decreased risk of incidence and severity of coronary artery disease in elderly adults with hypertension
Authors: Song Yanbin , Cai Gaojun
Published: February 2022

Background Although ABO blood groups have been associated with cardiovascular disease, little is known about whether ABO blood groups contribute to the risk of incidence and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in elderly adult with hypertension. Here, the study was carried out to explore the association.Methods 793 hypertensive patients aged 60 years or older of 2095 cases who consecutively underwent primary coronary angiography were retrospectively included. They were divided into CAD and non-CAD groups. Demographic and clinical characteristics, ABO blood groups and other biochemical parameters of both groups were collected and compared. Further evaluation was performed to determine the impact of ABO blood groups on CAD severity using Gensini score and the number of significantly diseased vessels. Logistic regression model was constructed to identify the association of ABO blood groups with CAD. Results There was substantial difference in distribution of ABO blood groups in elderly and hypertensive adults with and without CAD (p=0.022). Hypertensive patients with CAD had significantly lower distribution of B blood group than those without CAD (p=0.008). Compared to those with non-B blood groups, hypertensive elderly with B blood group tended to have significantly lower concentrations of TC, LDL-C and Apo B, and statistically lower number of significantly stenosed vessels. B blood group was found to be an independently protective factor for CAD in elderly with hypertension.Conclusions B blood group was significantly associated with a decreased risk of CAD and was correlated with severity of coronary stenosis in elderly with hypertension.
Phylogenetic Conservation of Microbial Responses to Elevated Ozone
Authors: Yu Zhengsheng , Gao Qun , Guo Xue , Peng Jinlong , Qi Qi , Gao Mengying , Mo Cehui , Feng Zhaozhong , Wong Minghung , Yang Yunfeng , Li Hui
Published: February 2022

Background: Global tropospheric ozone has doubled due to emissions from fossil fuel and biomass burning, and thus reduces plant primary productivity and crop yields. In contrast, little is known about how elevated tropospheric ozone affects soil microbial communities in the cropland ecosystem and whether such effects are sensitive to nitrogen (N) supply. Here, we examined the responses of bacterial and fungal communities in maize soils to elevated ozone (+60 ppb ozone) across different levels of N fertilization (+60, +120, and +240 kg N ha-1yr-1). Results: Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Elusimicrobia, and Planctomycetes were altered by N fertilization or elevated ozone (P < 0.05). No interactive effects between N fertilization and elevated ozone were observed for bacterial and fungal communities (P > 0.1). While bacterial responses to N fertilization were phylogenetically conserved, bacterial and fungal responses to elevated ozone were phylogenetically conserved, showing universal homogeneous selection (homogeneous environmental conditions leading to more similar community structures). The ozone-responsive phyla were generally correlated (P < 0.05) with plant biomass, plant carbon (C) uptake, and soil dissolved organic C. Conclusions: Our study highlighted that microbial response to elevated ozone displayed a phylogenetic clustering pattern, suggesting that response strategies to elevated ozone stress may be a phylogenetically conserved ecological trait.
Serum, urine and fecal metabolomic characterization of a zinc- deficient experimental rat model
Authors: Wang Peng , Liu Zhipeng , Zhang Yingfeng , Wang Maoqing , Li Ying
Published: February 2022

Background
Zinc serves as a cofactor for over 10% of the human proteome, including transcription factors and enzymes, and maintains protein structure and function. This provides a strong evidence regarding the involvement of zinc in metabolic processes. Zinc deficiency is one of the most common nutrient deficiencies worldwide. Our objective was to comprehensively determine how zinc deficiency alters serum, urine, and fecal metabolic profiles.
Methods
Five-week-old growing Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 30) were housed individually in stainless steel metabolic cages, with ad libitum access to food and water. Isoenergetic and isonitrogenous diets were procured commercially. Serum, urine, and fecal samples were collected from zinc-sufficient (n = 15) and zinc-deficient (n = 15) rats after feeding a diet with an adequate amount of zinc (30 mg/kg) or a zinc-deficient diet (10 mg/kg), respectively, for four weeks. Samples from these three sources were metabolically profiled using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry.
Results
A total of 33, 18, and 16 differential metabolites were identified in the serum, urine, and feces, respectively, between the zinc-sufficient and zinc-deficient rats (P < 0.05). The integrated analysis of altered serum, urine, and fecal metabolites revealed altered amino acid profiles in serum and urine, decreased acylcarnitine levels in serum and urine, increased bile acid excretion in feces, bile acid accumulation in serum, increased lysophospholipidcholine levels, and changes in arachidonic acid catabolites in the serum and feces of zinc-deficient rats.
Conclusions
In summary, our results confirm previous studies that altered metabolism of essential amino acids, glucose, lipid, and bile acid in rats in response to zinc deficiency. For the first time, we reported which improved the effect of zinc deficiency on metabolic homeostasis.
Barriers and Facilitators to Implementing Sustainable School Meals in Swedish High School — A Qualitative Study with Students and Meal Staff
Authors: Myers Charlotte , Colombo Patricia Eustachio , Elinder Liselotte Schäfer , Andermo Susanne
Published: February 2022

Background: Adoption of more sustainable diets is necessary to preserve human and planetary health. The reach of the school meal system makes it an ideal setting to focus a food-related intervention towards more sustainable meals. The motivation to shift to more sustainable eating is increasing in the younger generation. However, there is currently limited insight into why and how these preferences develop and can be promoted. Aim: To explore barriers and facilitators to implementing sustainable school meals in the Swedish high school setting. Methods: This study employed a mixed inductive-deductive qualitative design. Interviews with high school students (n=16) and school kitchen staff (n=3) were conducted and transcribed verbatim. Data was first analysed inductively using qualitative content analysis. Emerging barriers and facilitators were consequently mapped deductively onto the domains of the Consolidated Framework of Implementation Research (CFIR).Results: Ten barriers and seven facilitators to implementing more sustainable high school meals emerged. These belonged to two domains of the CFIR: individual characteristics of students and kitchen staff and inner setting factors such as school meal environment and relationships between stakeholders. Barriers included a low desirability toward vegetarian meals as well as lack of knowledge on the nutritional value of plant-based proteins among students. A barrier for the meal staff was that they were less inclined to prepare more plant-based meals which were perceived as less acceptable among students. Facilitators included a common interest in change towards sustainable meals and a good relationship between students and meal staff. Also, kitchen staff perceived that they have the knowledge and resources necessary to implement change. Conclusion: Prioritizing students’ food preferences as well as their knowledge about food and sustainability is likely to be key, but possible not enough, to achieve successful implementation of sustainable school meals. Co-creation with consumers and providers could provide an important opportunity to reaching higher acceptability of new meals and thus avoiding food waste.
CircSLC8A1 inhibits sunitinib resistance in renal cell carcinoma by promoting the ubiquitination and degradation of FUS
Authors: Wang Linhui , Wang Jie , Gan Xinxin , Chen Qiong , Liu Bing , Zheng Sujuan , Bao Yi , Wang Anbang , Yan Rui , Bao Yewei , Gong Wenliang , Wang Yuexiang , Yang Fu
Published: February 2022

Background: Circular RNAs play an important role in many biological processes, including tumor occurrence and development. Targeted drug such as sunitinib is currently the first-line therapy for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma. Drug resistance is an important problem faced by clinicians. Currently, the role and underlying molecular mechanisms of circular RNAs in targeted drug resistance for renal cell carcinoma remain unknown.Methods: We generated the sunitinib-resistant renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell lines Sun-7R and Sun-AR. Then, we used RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) to identify the circular RNA related to targeted drug resistance in RCC, cSLC8A1. qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of circRNAs，mRNAs in human tissues and cells. The actinomycin D experiment, RNase R digestion experiment, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) experiment were performed to verify the circularity characteristics of cSLC8A1. CCK-8 experiment and plate clone experiment were performed to verify the reactivity of RCC cells to sunitinib. The effects of circSLC8A1 on RCC cells were explored by transfecting with knockdown and over-expressed lentivirus in vitro and in vivo. Western-blot and immunohistochemical experiment were used to analyze the protein expression level of FUS.Results: We verified that cSLC8A1 was expressed at low levels in sunitinib-resistant tissues and cell lines，and cSLC8A1 expression was associated with response to sunitinib in RCC patients . Overexpression of cSLC8A1 inhibited cell proliferation and migration, thereby increasing the sensitivity of renal cell carcinoma cells to sunitinib. We found a novel function and mechanism of circRNAs that cSLC8A1 promotes the ubiquitination and degradation of the FUS protein and then mediates the drug resistance process.Conclusions: cSLC8A1 inhibits resistance by promoting the ubiquitination and degradation of the FUS protein. cSLC8A1 plays an important role in drug resistance and is expected to become a target for reversing sunitinib resistance in RCC.
Encouraging Young Pediatric Surgeons and Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Pediatric Endosurgery Workshop by Self-assessment and an Objective Skill Validation System: The Japan-Russia Medical Cooperation Project
Authors: Ogawa Katsuhiro , Ieiri Satoshi , Watanabe Toshihiko , Bitoh Yuko , Uchida Hiroo , Yamataka Atsuyuki , Ohno Yasuharu , Ohta Masayuki , Inomata Masafumi , Dorofeeva Elena , Podurovskaya Yulia , Yarotskaya Ekaterina , Kitano Seigo
Published: February 2022

Background: Japanese pediatric endosurgery experts conducted a workshop for young pediatric surgeons in Russia in collaboration with Russian expert pediatric surgeons. This study was aimed to develop a contributive workshop program and evaluate its impact on young Russian pediatric surgeons. Methods: A two-day pediatric endosurgery workshop was held in Russia. After conducting a needs assessment survey, Japanese and Russian faculties developed the workshop contents, including pre- and post-workshop skills assessments, lectures and hands-on training. Skills assessments were performed using the objective skill validation system, the “A-Lap Mini”, mimicking intestinal anastomosis. The trainees self-evaluated their knowledge and skills using a five-point scale.Results: Fifteen novice Russian trainees participated and 14 (93.3%) completed the workshop. The completion rate for the suturing task before and after the workshop was 40.0% (6/15) and 85.7% (12/14), respectively. The following five skill evaluation criteria, which were objectively evaluated, improved: performance time changed from 751.6 ± 247.1 s to 780.0 ± 313.3 s (p>0.05), number of full-thickness sutures improved from 1.0 ± 1.41 to 2.64 ± 0.84 (p=0.003), area of wound-opening changed from 0.42 ± 0.83 mm2 to 0.53 ± 1.13 mm2, suture tension improved from 55.48 ± 19.51% to 61.95 ± 23.91% (p>0.05), and maximum air leakage pressure improved from 3.76 ± 2.11 kPa to 8.42 ± 7.68 kPa (p>0.05). Regarding the self-assessed questionnaire administered before and after the workshop, the confidence in endosurgery skills significantly improved as follows: forceps manipulation ability improved from 2.7 to 3.7 (p<0.05), and suturing performance improved from 2.5 to 3.6 (p<0.05). The usefulness of the workshop for clinical surgery was scored at 4.3.Conclusions: Quantitative skill evaluation with an automatic feedback function was useful for endosurgery training. Delivering feedback concerning the assessment results to the trainee helps them to determine the specific training requirements needed for clinical endosurgery.
Evaluation of the Impact of the COVID-19 Lockdown on BMI in Children and Adolescents with or Without Obesity
Authors: Maggio Albane Bertha Rosa , Gal-Duding Claudine , Martin Xavier Eric , Weber Catherine Chamay
Published: February 2022

Background
In Switzerland, from March 15th to May 11th 2020, schools and most shops were closed nationwide due to the COVID-19-related lockdown. This cessation of activities may have impacted weight gain in children and adolescents. The aims of our study were to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 lockdown on the BMI of children and adolescents in treatment for obesity, and to compare its evolution to that of the previous year at the same time, as well as to that of normal-weight children.
Methods
This retrospective study gathered demographic and anthropometric data from subjects aged 2–18 years both with normal weight and with obesity, who attended our hospital clinics at four time points: before and after the lockdown period in 2020, and at the same times of the year in 2019. We used paired t-tests to assess weight, BMI and BMI z-score changes, linear and standard multiple regressions, independent Student’s t-tests or Chi-square tests to compare groups, and Pearson correlation coefficient when appropriate.
Results
Forty-seven children with obesity and 20 normal-weight subjects had complete data for the 4 visits. The mean BMI increased in both groups during the lockdown (obese: +0.96 ± 1.5 vs. control: +0.51 ± 0.5), however the increase was significantly more important in the subjects with obesity compared to the same period in 2019 (2019: +0.33 ± 1.0; mean difference between 2019 and 2020: +0.63 ± 2.0 p = 0.034).
Conclusion
The COVID-19 lockdown had a negative impact on the BMI of youth with obesity. Interestingly we observed extreme changes in this population, which was not the case in normal-weight children. Therefore, families with a child with obesity must be actively supported during these stressful and obesogenic periods of confinement.
Prevalence and Factors Associated with High Risk for Coronary Events in the Brazilian Population: Evidence from Two Household Surveys
Authors: Silva Pedro Gilson , Câmara Daniel Cardoso Portela , Simões Taynãna César , Santos Juliano dos , Ferreira Aline Alves , Pierin Angela Maria Geraldo , Meira Karina Cardoso
Published: February 2022

Circulatory system diseases are the main causes of death and disability in the world. The aim of this study was to analyze changes in prevalence and factors associated with high risk for coronary events (HRC) over time in the adult Brazilian population. As analytical tools, proportion differences tests and generalized linear models were used considering complex survey samplings, namely NHS 2013 and NHS 2019, to test changes in prevalence of HRC over time and estimate adjusted prevalence ratios for variables sociodemographic, health conditions, and habits and lifestyles. Risk stratification was performed based on the first phase of the I Brazilian Guidelines for Cardiovascular Prevention. There was an increase in the proportion of HRC between surveys (10.05 vs 12.11, p<0.001). After adjusting the multiple model, there was a higher prevalence of HRC in residents of the Center-South region of Brazil, with advancing age, male, with regular, poor or very poor health conditions, smoking history, health conditions underlying factors such as hypertension and high cholesterol, overweight/obesity, and abuse of alcohol and ultra-processed foods. The results of this study point to the need for more effective measures, with a longitudinal and comprehensive approach to prevent and care for affected individuals, with the aim of preventing new acute coronary events in the next ten years.
Isotopic responses of magnesium to two types of dissolution-reprecipitation processes for the growth of the double-carbonate mineral norsethite
Authors: Liu Chuan , Wang Kai , Li Weiqiang
Published: February 2022

An important mechanism of carbonate mineral growth is dissolution-reprecipitation, including the transformation of amorphous precursor to crystalline carbonates, and coarsening (ripening) of fine carbonate crystals. However, the mechanistic details of cation exchange associated with carbonate mineral growth via a dissolution-reprecipitation process are still not well understood. In this study, we used Mg isotopes to probe the exchange of Mg between aqueous solutions and norsethite [BaMg(CO3)2] by systematic synthesis experiments. Norsethite is a model double carbonate, with a general formula of AB(CO3)2, where A and B stand for two different divalent ions. Formation of norsethite is comprised of three stages, including: (1) precipitation of barium-magnesium (Ba-Mg) amorphous carbonate; (2) transformation of Ba-Mg amorphous carbonate to nano-crystalline norsethite by fast dissolution-reprecipitation; and (3) coarsening (ripening) of nano-norsethite by slow dissolution-reprecipitation. Magnesium isotopes displayed distinct fractionation behaviors in each of the three stages. The Mg isotope fractionation factors (∆26Mgsolid-aq) associated with precipitation of Ba-Mg amorphous carbonate were slightly negative and temperature-dependent, from –0.83‰ at 30 °C to –0.53‰ at 70 °C. During the transformation of Ba-Mg amorphous carbonate to nano-crystalline norsethite, isotopically light Mg isotopes were further enriched in the solid phase, with apparent ∆26Mgsolid-aq decreasing to –2.12‰ at 30 °C and –1.56‰ at 70 °C. In the ripening stage, norsethite became isotopically heavier, with ∆26Mgsolid-aq increasing up to –1.95‰ at 30 °C and –1.17‰ at 70 °C. The experimental results show that non-equilibrium isotope fractionation occurred during the transformation of amorphous carbonate to nano-crystalline norsethite (i.e., fast dissolution-reprecipitation). By contrast, the subsequent ripening of the norsethite led to the evolution toward isotopic equilibrium of the system by slower exchange with a longer reaction time (i.e., slow dissolution-reprecipitation). Moreover, our first-principles calculation results indicate that the equilibrium isotope fractionation was approached, but not attained, even after 276 days of recrystallization at temperatures below 70 °C. In short, this study has identified two different types of dissolution-reprecipitation process during the carbonate mineral growth and highlights the importance of understanding formation mechanism and post-depositional history of carbonate in interpreting the isotopic data of carbonate minerals.
SEGURANÇA NO ATO TRANSFUSIONAL: TENDÊNCIAS DAS TESES E DISSERTAÇÕES BRASILEIRAS
Authors: Rambo Christiani Andrea Marquesini , Magnago Tânia Solange Bosi de Souza , Morais Bruna Xavier , Munhoz Oclaris Lopes , Buriol Daniela , Brondani Vivian De Franceschi
Published: February 2022

Objetivo: identificar e caracterizar as tendências das teses e dissertações brasileiras acerca da segurança no ato transfusional. Método: revisão narrativa da literatura, realizada em fevereiro de 2020, a partir das produções disponíveis no Catálogo de Teses e Dissertações da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, utilizando a palavra-chave “ato transfusional”. Foram incluídos estudos que contemplavam estratégias para melhoria da segurança no ato transfusional. Resultados:  o corpus desta revisão foi constituído por sete estudos. Observou-se como tendência dissertações desenvolvidas em instituições públicas, da região sudeste, com ano de defesa predominante em 2019 e pesquisas que envolveram profissionais de enfermagem. Quanto ao objeto de estudo, foi possível elencar duas categorias: conhecimento dos profissionais de saúde para atuação nos procedimentos hemoterápicos e utilização e/ou elaboração de ferramentas para segurança no ato transfusional. Conclusão: a falta de conhecimento dos profissionais sobre algumas fases dos procedimentos transfusionais, constitui-se em uma ameaça à segurança dos pacientes. A utilização de ferramentas educativas e listas de verificação para todas as etapas do procedimento é imprescindível para que sejam desenvolvidas com o máximo de segurança.
PREVALÊNCIA DE HIPOVITAMINOSE D E ASSOCIAÇÕES COM PARÂMETROS METABÓLICOS EM TRABALHADORES
Authors: Mamede Laine de Carvalho Guerra Pessoa , Lima Rafaela Lira Formiga Cavalcanti de , Silva Alexandre Sérgio , Benedito Rubens Batista , Toscano Lydiane de Lima Tavares , Gomes Nadjeanny Ingrid Galdino , Sena Elisama Araújo de , Gonçalves Maria da Conceição Rodrigues
Published: February 2022

A hipovitaminose D é considerada uma epidemia mundial com implicações que podem afetar a saúde dos trabalhadores. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado com 91 trabalhadores, a fim de avaliar a prevalência da hipovitaminose D e associações com parâmetros metabólicos. Os participantes foram avaliados quanto ao perfil sociodemográfico e ocupacional, exposição solar, antropometria e pressão arterial. Foram realizados os exames: 25-hidroxivitamina D [25(OH)D] e demais parâmetros metabólicos. Verificou-se uma prevalência de 61,54% de deficiência/insuficiência dos níveis séricos de 25(OH)D. Não foram observadas associações entre as características sociodemográficas e ocupacionais e o status de vitamina D, pela Regressão de Poisson. Verificou-se uma prevalência aumentada em portadores de diabetes e hipertrigliceridemia. Indivíduos com maior CAT apresentaram uma redução na prevalência de hipovitaminose D. Em conclusão, verificou-se uma alta prevalência de hipovitaminose D entre os trabalhadores, e uma prevalência aumentada para os indivíduos diabéticos e com hipertrigliceridemia e a CAT como influenciável para redução dessa deficiência/insuficiência. Enfatiza-se a necessidade de um monitoramento dos parâmetros laboratoriais em vigilância à saúde do trabalhador.
REDUCTION OF LOCALIZED ABDOMINAL FAT IN MEN THROUGH THE PULSED AND CONTINUOUS APPLICATION OF COMBINED THERAPY ASSOCIATED WITH THE USE OF MEDIUM FREQUENCY EXCITOMOTOR CURRENT: RANDOMIZED CLINICAL TRIAL
Authors: Nogueira Amanda Meris , De Almeida Nathalia Soares , Bonato Gabryella Sena Lopes , Da Costa Airan Lobo , Costa Matheus Medeiros , De Araujo Bruna Corral Garcia , Toledo Ana Clara Campagnolo Gonçalves
Published: February 2022

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar e comparar os efeitos da terapia combinada de modo contínuo e pulsado associado a corrente excitomotora de média frequência na redução de gordura localizada em homens, e sua influência no sistema nervoso autônomo, cardiovascular e na pressão arterial. Contendo uma população amostral de 18 participantes homens, com faixa etária entre 18 a 35 anos e com prega abdominal de até 4 cm. Divididos em dois grupos, o primeiro recebeu a aplicação da terapia combinada de maneira pulsada e o outro de maneira continua e ambos associados a corrente excitomotora de média frequência. Independentemente do modo do US não apresentou alterações na pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica, na avaliação do sistema nervoso autônomo foram encontrados valores significativos porém esperados.
MABC-2 TRANSCULTURAL ADAPTATION AND EVALUATION OF CHILDREN AGED 7 TO 10 YEARS WITH AUTISTIC SPECTRUM DISORDER
Authors: Quedas Carolina Lourenço Reis , Famá D´Antino Maria Eloisa , R. Quintas Ricardo Henrique , Cymrot Raquel , Rocha Marina Monzani , Blascovi-Assis Silvana Maria
Published: February 2022

Motor development is not part of the diagnostic criteria for people with Autistic Spectrum Disorder, but it must be considered in the assessment and intervention process of ASD children. Objectives: To carry out translation and transcultural adaptation to Portuguese / Brazil version of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MABC-2) for the 7-10 year age group and test the version translated into children with ASD. Method: The study was applied to 41 boys with ASD and correlated with Raven's Colored Progressive Matrices test (CPM). Results and Discussion: It was observed that the correlations with the standard scores between the domains assessed by MABC-2 and the CPM results showed to be median for MD (r = 0.454, p = 0.012) and B (r = 0.324, p = 0.081) and small for A&C (r = 0.170, p = 0.368). By the traffic light system, 83% of those evaluated were classified in the red zone, with significant motor deficits. Conclusion: Correlation tests showed that the degree of intelligence seems to influence motor performance. The relevance of studies and assessments about motor area for ASD children is considered, minimizing the factors that may interfere with the motor tasks performance.
ATIVIDADE ANTIMICROBIANA DE QUITOSANAS E SEUS DERIVADOS: INFLUÊNCIA DAS CARACTERÍSTICAS ESTRUTURAIS
Authors: Macedo Juliana , Sanfelice Rafaela , Mercante Luiza , Santos Danilo , Habitzreuter Filipe , Campana-Filho Sérgio , Pavinatto Adriana
Published: February 2022

ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF CHITOSAN AND ITS DERIVATIVES: INFLUENCE OF ITS STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the development of antimicrobial materials for different applications, especially in the biomedical field. In this context, chitosan is one of the most employed materials due to its highly attractive properties, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and antimicrobial activity against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and fungi. In this review, we discuss the different methods used to obtain chitosan and point out how they affect the structural and chemical properties of this material, followed by a detailed discussion on how these properties influence its antimicrobial activities. Additionally, we summarize the most accepted antimicrobial mechanisms of action for chitosans. Specifically, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview on the last findings and progress reported in the literature on the factors that influence the antimicrobial activity of chitosan, e.g., polymeric average molecular weight (MV ), average degree of acetylation (DA), water-soluble derivatization and sample degree of purity. The data available in the literature indicate that in addition to the structural properties, the effectiveness of such antimicrobial activity of chitosan is also dependent on the target microorganisms. This review will help researchers to better understand the mechanism of action of chitosan against microorganisms based on its structural characteristics.
BINA-DAMAI DALAM KOMUNITAS PESANTREN: SEBUAH UPAYA COUNTER-RADIKALISME
Authors: Mantu Rahman
Published: February 2022

This article discussed about the experience of al-Qodir Boarding School in Sleman Yogyakarta in the effort to counter the radicalism through the approach of peace building. Applying qualitative approach, this research using the methods of observation and deep interview in collecting data. With the theoritical framework of cognitive peace building, three factors of peace building became the focus; the mechanism of internal group, among group and external group. The main research finding here was the essential role of kiai in building participative dialogue with the community out of the boarding school which was imple­mented through social actions. It resulted in the ability of al-Qodir Boarding School in formulating the strategy of radicalism counter which became a typical strategy of pesantren among so many strategies to find out new formulations in avoiding the movement of radicalism in Indonesia.***Tulisan ini akan membahas tentang pengalaman Pondok Pesantren Al-Qodir terhadap upaya counter-radikalisme melalui pendekatan bina-damai di Sleman Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan melakukan peng­amat­an serta wawancara mendalam. Kerangka teoritik yang digunakan peneliti adalah teori peace building. Perdamaian menurut teori ini bisa tercipta karena tiga faktor; mekanisme internal, antar kelompok dan eksternal. Temuan dari riset ini adalah adanya peran penting kiai dalam membangun dialog partisipatif dengan masyarakat luar pesantren yang terimplementasi melalui aksi-aksi sosial. Hasilnya Pesantren Al-Qadir mampu merumuskan strategi counter-radikalisme yang khas pesantren ditengah upaya banyak pihak mencari formulasi baru dalam menangkal gerakan radikalisme di Indonesia.
Multi-objective Rao algorithm in resilience-based optimal design of water distribution networks
Authors: Jain Priyanshu , Khare Ruchi
Published: February 2022

Multi-objective meta-heuristics are used to optimize water distribution networks (WDNs) as they can achieve a near-optimal balance between cost and resilience in a unified platform. Most of these algorithms include tuning of algorithm-specific control parameters for higher optimization efficiency, leading to an increased computational effort. The current study is inspired by the desire to address the above problem. The goal is to formulate a multi-objective Rao algorithm (MORao) considering an existing modified resilience index (MRI) in the optimal design of WDNs. The model is demonstrated to attain Pareto-optimal solutions to complex WDN problems without exclusive parameter tuning. The algorithm is written in Python and is linked to a hydraulic model of a WDN implemented in EPANET 2.2 using pressure-driven demand (PDD) analysis. The method is demonstrated on three widely used networks: Two-loop, Goyang, and Fossolo. The Pareto-optimal solutions examine a tradeoff between two objectives to recognize competitive solutions. The network's resilience is increased 2.5 times by only 0.8 times increase in least-cost of Two-loop network. This research indicates that this method can achieve a satisfactory level of performance with a limited number of function evaluations.
Numerical investigation of the flow-field characteristics around the suspended pipeline under oblique flows
Authors: Yang Qinghua , Yang Qian , Zhang Yuqian
Published: February 2022

The flow field distribution around the suspended pipeline is closely related to the mechanical characteristics and local scour characteristics of the underwater crossing pipelines. To fully investigate the velocity distribution and wake structure characteristics around the suspended pipeline under oblique flows, a flume model test and a numerical simulation based on the LES (Large Eddy Simulation) method were performed. The results showed that the velocity distribution near the suspended pipeline under oblique flows had obvious three-dimensional characteristics. The influence range of pipeline on velocity is 1 d before to 6 d behind the pipeline (d is pipeline diameter). The smaller the flow angle, the more disordered the velocity distribution is. The larger the flow angle, the greater the variation degree of the velocity at each section at the same section is, as well as the higher the velocity deficit value is. In addition, the larger the angle of pipe flow, the more violent the wake structure changes with the flow velocity, and the stronger the regularity of vortex street shedding. This research provides a theoretical reference for the scour prevention design and safe operation of crossing pipelines.
Aporte de serapilheira na borda de fragmentos florestais em diferentes estágios sucessionais na Mata Atlântica do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil
Authors: Câmara Yasmim Borges , Holanda Alan Cauê de , Costa Emanoelle Josephine Pereira da
Published: February 2022

A serapilheira é a camada mais superficial do piso florestal e analisar sua deposição é fundamental para avaliar a estabilidade de uma das principais rotas da ciclagem de nutrientes em fragmentos florestais. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o aporte de serapilheira na borda de três fragmentos florestais de Mata Atlântica, em diferentes estágios de sucessão (transitório e maduro), localizados na Floresta Nacional de Nísia Floresta (Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil). Foram instalados 54 coletores, 18 em cada fragmento, distanciados de 0 m a 100 m em relação à borda e, mensalmente, durante 12 meses, foram coletados todo o material aportado. O material foi seco em estufa a 65 °C por 48 h e pesado em balança de precisão. A deposição anual total no gradiente borda interior foi de 3227,90 kg ha-1 (fragmento I), 3315,60 kg ha-1 (fragmento II) e 1775,90 kg ha-1 (fragmento III). Somente para o fragmento III foi verificado diferenças estatísticas no aporte de serapilheira da borda para o interior com valores variando entre 93,87 kg ha-1 ano-1 (borda) a 261,7 kg ha-1 ano-1 (100 m). O maior aporte no fragmento II se deu, a princípio, em razão da diversidade de espécies e maior porte dos indivíduos adultos. O aporte de serapilheira teve comportamento sazonal apresentando maior deposição no período seco, indicando que a pluviosidade atua como agente regulador desse material. Além disso, a borda de fragmentos florestais em estágio inicial de sucessão tende a depositar menor quantidade de serapilheira no piso florestal.
Product-Based Learning Model through the Alignment of Mechanical Engineering Competencies with Industry
Authors: Yudiono Heri , Maulana Sonika , Wijaya M. Burhan Rubai , Aprianto Rahmat , Karsan Karsan
Published: February 2022

The alignment of the competencies in the industry with vocational school is crucial to develop the graduate skills to comply with industry needs. Competency alignment can be performed through an innovative learning model by integrating the industrial activities into learning activities. This study assessed the feasibility of the product–based learning model to improve the mechanical engineering competence by aligning competencies of the vocational school with industry. This study used experimental research with one group pretest-posttest design. The study employed data analysis consisting of the T-test and the feasibility testing of the model. The effectiveness testing of the model was performed by comparing student’s achievement before and after using the learning model. The feasibility test was conducted on 39 students participating in the subject of Machining Process II. The results of the study revealed that there were significant differences in mechanical engineering competencies before and after using the learning model. These results indicated that the industry and stakeholders need to be involved in each stage of learning.