bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Tingkat Pengetahuan, Sikap Keuangan Pribadi dan Perilaku Keuangan Pribadi Mahasiswa Jurusan Akuntansi Politeknik Negeri Malang
Authors: Syuliswati Atika , Asdani Andi
Published: July 2019

Many students still don’t understand how to invest or to access the capital markets and money markets, because students don’t have enough knowledge about it. Meanwhile, education about personal finance remains as a major challenge in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to analize of Personal Financial Knowledge, personal finance attitudes, personal finance behavior for 4th year and senior students Accounting Department at State Polytechnic Of Malang. The population in this study were students from Accounting Department at State Polytechnic Of Malang, for 4th year and senior students. Data in the form are primary data and sample were spread as much as 120 for 4th and 89 for 8th semester students (n = 209). The method that used is descriptive statistics, validity test, reliability test and t-test. Personal financial knowledge and personal behavior finance were significant differences between 4th and 8th semester students. For personal financial knowledge with significant value 0.000, and personal finance behavior with significant value 0.000. Personal financial attitudes was not significant differences between 4th and 8th semester students. For personal finance attitudes with significant value 0.064.
I Know This To Be True…
Authors: Brashears Kathy
Published: July 2019

This study is set in an elementary school located in a rural, Appalachian area and considers the reasons that teachers attribute to student success on state writing assessments as well as to what reasons they attribute their students’ lack of success in moving beyond an average ranking. In considering these reasons, patterns emerge in the data that prove intriguing. For example, one pattern indicates that teachers link the lack of student success to aspects beyond their control. These aspects include student home life, socioeconomic levels, and parental attitudes toward school. The second emerging pattern shows that teachers couple their own teaching practices with student achievement. Such indications have great implications for future studies in that the perceptions of teachers may be key in utilizing the results of standardized assessments.
Rural School Consolidation
Authors: Bard Joe , Gardener Clark , Wieland Regi
Published: July 2019

The consolidation of rural schools in the United States has been a controversial topic for policy-makers, school administrators, and rural communities since the 1800s. At issue in the consolidation movement have been concerns of efficiency, economics, student achievement, school size, and community identity. Throughout the history of schooling in America, school consolidation has been a way to solve rural issues in the eyes of policy makers and many education officials. Today, faced with declining enrollments and financial cutbacks, many rural schools and communities continue to deal with challenges associated with possible school reorganizations and consolidations. This paper, developed by the NREA Consolidation Task Force, provides a review of the literature on rural school consolidation, defines consolidation, addresses current research and issues related to consolidation with respect to school size, economies of scale, and student achievement, and concludes with proposed recommendations for the NREA Executive Board.
Do smaller schools really reduce the “power rating” of poverty?
Authors: Coladarci Theodore
Published: July 2019

The percentage of variance in student achievement that is explained by student SES—“poverty’s power rating,” as some call it—tends to be less among smaller schools than among larger schools. Smaller schools, we are told, are able to somehow disrupt the association between SES and student achievement. Using eighth-grade data for 215 public schools in Maine, I explored the hypothesis that this finding is in part a statistical artifact of the lower reliability of school-aggregated student achievement in smaller schools. This hypothesis was supported for mathematics achievement but seemingly not for reading achievement. Implications are discussed.
Evaluation, Supervision, and Staff Development under Mandated Reform
Authors: Eady Charlotte King , Zepeda Sally J.
Published: July 2019

The perspectives of three rural middle school principals as they implement Georgia’s A Plus Education Reform Act of 2000 were investigated in this study. A case study approach was used, employing both within case and cross case analyses. Three interviews were conducted with each of the three participants, resulting in a total of nine interviews. Five perspectives emerged from the data: (1) Evaluation of teacher effectiveness can be indicated only by the results of standardized tests, (2) Supervision consists of classroom visits and observations, (3) Ruralness affects how staff development is delivered, (4) Lack of funding limits the effectiveness of the staff development component of teacher evaluation, and (5) Implementation of A Plus adversely affects the traditional middle school schedule.
Retaining Experienced, Qualified Teachers
Authors: Haar Jean M.
Published: July 2019

One process for retaining experienced, qualified teachers is to provide them with opportunities to grow professionally (Blasé & Blasé, 2001). The intent of this paper is to provide information about meeting the needs of experienced, qualified rural teachers, especially in the area of professional development. A story line of one rural science teacher’s journey with professional development opportunities and experiences is shared. Her principal’s role is also described. Also included is a comparison between the teacher’s experiences and research about professional development. The paper concludes with recommendations for those involved in rural schools, especially in administrative positions will be shared. The recommendations focus on strengthening professional development opportunities and experiences for teachers.
Increasing College-Going Rate, Parent Involvement, and Community Participation in Rural Communities
Authors: King Stephanie B.
Published: July 2019

This study examined the perceptions of leaders of grant-supported projects aimed at increasing the college-going rate of high school students in rural Appalachian counties in Mississippi to determine which factors they felt most influenced the college-going rate, parental participation in school activities, and community participation. Analysis of the leaders’ responses to questions related to these items showed that college visits and ACT preparation workshops were perceived as having the greatest impact on increasing the college-going rate at the schools. No one factor was perceived as having the least impact on increasing the college-going rate at the schools. Factors influencing parental and community participation included events and workshops for parents, especially those which involved community members as mentors.
Acknowledgement: This research was supported by Appalachian Regional Commission Grant MS-16115.
A Beginning Rural Principal's Toolkit
Authors: Ashton Brian , Duncan Heather E.
Published: July 2019

The purpose of this article is to explore both the challenges and skills needed to effectively assume a leadership position and thus to create an entry plan or ‘toolkit’ for a new rural school leader. The entry plan acts as a guide beginning principals may use to navigate the unavoidable confusion that comes with leadership. It also assists aspiring new leaders to think through, and vicariously experience, the challenges they may face in a leadership role. If focuses on three specific areas most relevant to rural principals: Dealing with professional isolation and loneliness, getting to know and thriving in a rural community, and basic management skills for the lone administrator. It provides a series of tools that beginning principals may find useful as they embark on a leadership journey in a rural setting and also identifies the specific skills various stakeholder groups perceive as most important for rural school leaders.
Common Challenges Faced By Rural Principals: A Review of the Literature
Authors: Preston Jane P. , Jakubiec Brittany A. E. , Kooymans Robin
Published: July 2019

Within this article, we thematically present common challenges associated with the role of the rural principal. In this literature review, we delimit our search to work published from 2003–2013. A limitation of this study is that it represents data predominantly from American, Canadian, and Australian rural settings, restricting a global applicability of results. Findings highlight that many rural principal candidates face a hiring disadvantage if they do not have a historical connection with the community advertising a position. Additional challenges include juggling diverse responsibilities, lack of professional development and resources, gender discrimination, and issues surrounding school accountability and change. This information is beneficial for researchers, policymaker, senior educational leaders, principals, vice-principals, teachers, parents, and community members interested in school leadership within rural communities. We conclude that to be successful, rural principals must be able to nimbly mediate relations within the local community and the larger school system.
Successful Leadership in Rural Schools: Cultivating Collaboration
Authors: Preston Jane , Barnes Kristopher E. R.
Published: July 2019

This article is a literature review of the professional competencies and personal qualities commonly associated with successful leadership in rural schools. Multiple definitions of the term rural are provided. A delimitation of this research is that findings reflect literature published from 2005–2015, positioning this document as a current analysis of rural leadership. A limitation of the article is that the research predominantly emanates from rural American, Canadian, and Australian settings, restricting a global application of results. The findings are represented via two overarching themes. Successful rural principals promote people focused relationships with staff, students, parents, and community members. Second, rural principals have the opportunity to be agents of change through balancing local and district policies and through enacting instructional leadership. At the root, both of these themes reveal the importance of rich collaboration with members of the school community. This research is pertinent to researchers, government leaders, policymakers, school leaders, teachers, parents, and community members interested in understanding and responding to the demands of rural schools.
Collaboration to Support Rural Student Social-Emotional Needs
Authors: Nichols Lindsey M. , Goforth Anisa N. , Sacra Michaela , Ahlers Kaitlyn
Published: July 2019

There is a growing emphasis in U.S. schools to focus on the social-emotional issues of rural students. Specifically, the effect of mental health issues on school success underscores the importance of collaboration between, and among, educators and specialized support personnel (SSP; e.g., school counselors). In rural areas, school counselors and school psychologists are positioned to assist students and their families to provide support within and surrounding the school environment. The purpose of this paper is to: (1) discuss students’ social-emotional needs and SSP-educator collaboration in the context of rural schools, and (2) to discuss promising and best practices in collaboration to address students’ social-emotional well-being.
Journeying Beyond: Digital Storytelling with Rural Youth
Authors: Staley Bea
Published: July 2019

This paper describes a digital storytelling project, completed with two classes of “non-college bound” Seniors at Shady Grove High School in the Midwestern United States. Using narrative inquiry as a methodological framework, student’s stories were examined and considered as meaningful contributions to current knowledge about issues in rural education. Three broad themes revealed themselves in the student’s work: 1. High school is viewed solely as a pipeline to college, 2. High school is not seen as “useful” or meaningful for students with career aspirations that do not require a four-year college degree, and 3. High school is mediated through the relationships formed there (teacher and peer). This project revealed the complex and complicated ways in which one group of rural students engaged with digital literacies to reflect on who they are, how they see themselves, and how they view their educational experiences connecting to their future selves.
Lo que el Perú tiene por la presencia de Pizarro
Authors: Del Busto Duthurburu José Antonio
Published: July 2019

El presente texto fue leído por el renombrado historiador peruano José Antonio del Busto durante el seminario “Forjadores de la identidad peruana”, organizado por la Universidad Católica Sedes Sapientiae en el año 2002. El autor hablará en torno a la procedencia y presencia de Francisco Pizarro en el Perú. Afirmará que a dicho personaje histórico debe reconocérsele y aceptársele como autor y actor de algo irreversible que nuestra realidad no debe desconocer. Con esta finalidad, esbozará lo que el Perú es y lo que el Perú posee, directa o indirectamente, debido a Francisco Pizarro.
PENGARUH VOLTASE DAN WAKTU TERHADAP PENGENDAPAN LOGAM MANGAN DAN SENG PADA LEMPENG TEMBAGA MENGGUNAKAN METODE ELEKTROPLATING
Authors: Buyang Yorinda , Asmaningrum Henie Poerwandar
Published: July 2019

Penelitian pengaruh voltase dan waktu terhadap pengendapan logam mangan dan seng pada lempeng tembaga dengan menggunakan metode elektroplating bertujuan untuk menentukan voltase optimum pengendapan logam mangan dan seng, dan menentukan waktu optimum pengendapan logam mangan dan seng. Hasil penelitian diperoleh bahwa pada proses pengendapan logam mangan dan seng voltase optimumnya adalah 4,5V dan 6V untuk logam mangan dan seng, dan waktu optimum pengendapan logam mangan dan seng adalah 150 menit.
Pengaruh waktu perendaman terhadap bahan tumpatan glass ionomer cement dalam larutan asam asetat
Authors: Tanga Alga , Assa Youla A. , Leman Michael A.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Dental caries is commonly found among modern people with various age, ranged from children, teenager to adult. This indicates the increasing needs of dental caries care. One of dental caries treatments is filling the tooth by using Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC). GIC is a type of filling material with low resistance against acid. This study aimed to find out whether the submersion time affected the GIC filling. This was an experimental study with a posttest only control group design. Samples were 16 round shaped GIC fillings, divided into two groups: treatment group using 1% acetic acid solution and control group using artificial saliva. Each of both groups were divided into four groups according to the submersion time; 5 minutes, 10 minutes, 15 minutes, and 20 minute. Samples were submersed at 37oC in the incubator. Solubility was measured by using spectrophotometer and data were analyzed statistically by using SPSS. Normality was tested by using the Shapiro-Wilk test. Data were analyzed by using Pearson correlation test. The results showed a p value of >0.05 among treatment. Conclusion: Submersion time did not affect the GIC fillings.Keywords: acetic acid, glass ionomer cement, GIC fillings.Abstrak: Karies gigi merupakan masalah kesehatan yang masih sering dialami oleh masyarakat saat ini dan dijumpai pada berbagai golongan usia, mulai dari anak-anak, remaja dan dewasa. Hal ini menyebabkan kebutuhan perawatan karies gigi semakin meningkat. Salah satu cara perawatan karies gigi yaitu dengan melakukan penumpatan. Glass ionomer cement (GIC) merupakan salah satu bahan tumpatan gigi yang sering digunakan. GIC memiliki daya tahan rendah terhadap kondisi yang asam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jika ada pengaruh waktu perendaman terhadap bahan tumpatan GIC. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian ekperimental dengan rancangan posttest only with control group design. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 16 tumpatan GIC yang telah dibentuk seperti lingkaran dan dibagi dalam dua kelompok besar yaitu kelompok perlakuan menggunakan larutan asam asetat 1% dan kelompok kontrol menggunakan saliva buatan. Kedua kelompok ini kemudian masing-masing dibagi lagi menjadi empat kelompok sesuai dengan waktu perendaman yaitu 5 menit, 10 menit, 15 menit, dan 20 menit. Sampel direndam dengan suhu 37oC menggunakan inkubator. Pengukuran kelarutan menggunakan spektrofotometer dan hasil penelitian dianalisis secara statistik dengan program SPSS. Uji normalitas data menggunakan uji Shapiro-Wilk. Data dianalisis dengan uji korelasi Pearson. Hasil analisis menunjukkan nilai p >0,05 pada perlakuan. Simpulan: Waktu perendaman tidak berpengaruh secara bermakna terhadap bahan tumpatan GIC.Kata kunci: asam asetat, glass ionomer cement, tumpatan GIC
Tingkat Kepuasan Pasien terhadap Perawatan Tumpatan Komposit pada Gigi Anterior di RSGM Universitas Sam Ratulangi
Authors: Kewas Cliviane , Wicaksono Dinar A. , Gunawan Paulina N.
Published: July 2019

Abstract: Dental caries can be overcome by restoration using composite resin which is widely used as an anterior tooth restoration material due to its aesthetic advantages. Dentists have to fulfil the patient expectation with the best service as possible. Determination of patient satisfaction of the restoration can be evaluated from the patient's assessment. This study was aimed to determine the level of patient satisfaction of composite restoration in the anterior teeth at RSGM Unsrat. This was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design. Respondents were 30 patients selected by purposive sampling method. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire with closed questions. The results showed that most respondents’ satisfaction level of the restoration was ‘very satisfying’ (45%). The satisfaction level of the composite color was ‘satisfying enough’ (33%). The satisfaction level of the tooth size was ‘satisfying’. Data were processed descriptively then were presented based on distribution in chart forms. In conclusion, the respondents' satisfaction level of the composite restoration in the anterior teeth was most dominant in the 'satisfying' category related to the tooth size after restoration but in the 'satisfying enough' category related to the composite color.Keywords: composite restoration, anterior teeth, patient satisfaction Abstrak: Karies gigi dapat diatasi dengan restorasi menggunakan resin komposit yang banyak digunakan sebagai bahan restorasi gigi anterior karena memiliki keunggulan estetik yaitu menyerupai warna gigi. Dokter gigi wajib memenuhi harapan pasien dengan pelayanan sebaik mungkin. Untuk mengetahui kepuasan pasien terhadap hasil restorasi, dapat dilihat dari penilaian pasien. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui tingkat kepuasan pasien terhadap perawatan tumpatan komposit pada gigi anterior di RSGM Unsrat. Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Responden penelitian ialah pasien yang dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling sebanyak 30 orang. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan yaitu kuesioner dengan pertanyaan tertutup. Data diolah secara deskriptif kemudian disajikan berdasarkan distribusi dalam bentuk grafik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kepuasan responden terhadap hasil tumpatan paling banyak ialah sangat puas (45%) dan yang paling sedikit yaitu kurang puas (2%). Tingkat kepuasan responden terhadap warna bahan tumpatan komposit paling banyak ialah cukup puas (33%). Tingkat kepuasan responden terhadap ukuran gigi setelah ditumpat paling banyak ialah puas (76%). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah kepuasan responden terhadap perawatan tumpatan komposit pada gigi anterior yang paling dominan pada kategori puas tentang ukuran gigi setelah ditumpat dan pada kategori cukup puas tentang warna bahan tumpatan.Kata kunci: tumpatan komposit, gigi anterior, kepuasan pasien
ANALISIS PERTUMBUHAN PADA BEBERAPA KERAPATAN TANAM TANAMAN LOBAK (Raphanus sativus L.)
Authors: Kalangi J. I.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Kalangi, J.I. 2005. Growth Analysis of Radish Crop (Raphanus Sativus L) Planted in Various Density. Eugenia 11 (1): 18-24. Plant density is known to be important factor to determine the agronomical target of a maximum production. Plant density is generally determined by spacing. The wide spacing, may caused inefficient farm system. On the contrary, narrow by spaced planting can retard growth. Prediction of growth rates and development of crop plants including radish is insufficient if it is relied only on the change that happens to the crop with days after planting. But the basis of the prediction is its potential production biomass. This research is discover the density that suistable for maximum land - use. This research was conducted in a randomized block design, with five density treatments. The treatments were 40 x 60 cm, 45 x 60 cm, 50 x 60 cm, 55 x 60 cm and 60 x 60 cm each of which is repeated three times. The variable obseverved was crop dry matter. Air temperature and rainfall were also recordee. Data were analysed using ANOVA and SSD for mens differences. Radish growth and produces were determined by growth rate (Cm), periode of linear growth (tm) and period of silent growth (to). Plant density significantly affected the growth of radish. The maximum production was found at 50x60 cm with growth rate6.23g m-2 day-1. Keywords: Raphanus sativus, radish growth
IDENTIFIKASI VARIETAS KENTANG SUPERJOHN BERDASARKAN PENANDA RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA)
Authors: S. Runtunuwu D. , Rogi J. E. X. , Palendeng J. H.
Published: July 2019

Identification using morphological characters has time consuming. Currently, identification usingmolecular markers has now been popular due to rapid, saving time and more precisely. Superjohnpotato variety has been cultivated in North Sulawesi. However, the Superjohn potato variety has notbeen characterized using molecular markers. This research was aiming to identify ―Superjohn‖ potatobased on RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) markers. The research was conducted in fieldand laboratory. Field research was performed by taking some young leaves from ―Superjohn‖, Granola,and Atlantic variety from the field. Identification using molecular marker was conducted at laboratory.Nine RAPD primers were used to identify the superjohn variety. The nine primers were OPA-1, OPA-2,OPA-3, OPA-4, OPA-5, OPA-7, OPA-9, OPA-10, and OPO-1. The molecular identification revealedthat ―Superjohn‖ variety was different with Granola and Atlantic. OPA-9700 primer could be used foridentification ―Superjohn‖ variety while OPA-101000 primer was suitable for identification Granolavariety.Keywords: Potatoes, variety, “Superjohn”, Granola, Atlantic, and RAPD ABSTRAKPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengidentikasi kentang ―Superjohn‖ berdasarkan penanda RAPD(Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA). Penelitian dilakukan di lapangan dan laboratorium. Penelitianlapangan dilakukan dengan mengambil beberapa daun muda dari varietas kentang ―Superjohn‖,Atlantik dan Granola. Kemudian analisis DNA dilakukan di laboratorium menggunakan analisis RAPD.Berdasarkan penanda RAPD ternyata kentang ―Superjohn‖ berbeda dari kentang Granola dan kentangAtlantik. Penanda RAPD OPA-9700 dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi kentang―Superjohn‖ danpenanda RAPD OPA-101000 dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi kentang Granola.
APLIKASI MAT DALAM PENGENDALIAN LALAT BUAH Bactrocera sp. (DIPTERA : TEPHRITIDAE) PADA TANAMAN CABE
Authors: Lengkong Maxi , Rante Caroulus S. , Meray Merlyn
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   Research was aiming to determine the effectiveness of the attractant methyl eugenol + traps modification in the catch of species of fruit flies in the chilli plants at any given time and to identify the types of fruit flies trapped with methyl eugenol + traps modification on chilli crop acreage. The field research was conducted in the area of chilli crop in three places namely District Pineleng, Tompaso / Langowan and Modoinding. Observation number and type of fruit flies was performed at intervals of 2 weeks of observation for 3 months. The result showed that the number of fruit fly caught or trapped dead at 30 traps set in chilli crop acreage was 1278. The highest trapped was 164 whereas the lowest trapped was 89. The number of male fruit flies trapped was high implying that reduction of male fruit fly population in the field. There were five types of fruit flies identified from area of Pineleng, Tompaso and Modoinding namely Bactrocera umbrosa Fabricus, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel), Bactrocera philippinensis, Bactrocera carambolae, and Bactrocera sp. The five types were attracted to methyl eugenol. Key words : MAT (male annihilation technique), Bactrocera umbrosa Fabricus, B. dorsalis (Hendel), B. philippinensis, B. carambolae
BIOLOGI DAN DEMOGRAFI TUNGAU MERAH Tetranychus spp. (Acari: Tetranychidae) PADA TANAMAN KEDELAI
Authors: Mamahit Juliet M.E.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   Red spider mite Tetranychus spp. are pest on several ornament and food plant. The objectives of this research were to study biology and demography Tetranychus spp. on soybean in condition laboratory. A piece of soybean leaf measures 3 cm2 at place above cotton in petridis. Above the leaf were put a pair red spider mite to watch the biology of mite.  The research of demography of red spider mite was done observation in one hundred egg that used to come from age class same (cohort). The observation was done every day until the egg become to adult. The result showed that the mean of fecundity of red spider mite were 54.16 egg. The total life time of female 13.28 day and sex ratio 1:1.5. The intrinsic rate of increase the population were 0.253 individual per day, the discrete daily growth rate were, 1.28 individual/day, the net reproduction rate were 25.515 individual/female/generation. The generation time were 13.567 days. The stable population of Tetranychus spp. in laboratory were 67.2% egg, 24.6 nymph and 8.2% adult. The intrinsic birth and death rate were 0.3 and 0.05 individual/female/day. Key words: Tetranychus spp., Demography, Soybean
IDENTIFIKASI DAN UJI PATOGENISITAS CENDAWAN ENTOMOPATOGEN LOKAL TERHADAP Leptocorisa oratorius
Authors: Senewe Emmy , Manengkey Guntur
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT Leptocorisa oratorius is one major pest of rice in North Sulawesi. Hence, it is necessary to control the pest. The research objective was to identify and to test pathogenicity of local  entomopathogen fungi which infected  Leptocorisa oratorius. The pathogens were collected through sampling of L. oratorius which had been infected by the fungi in the field. The pathogenic fungi was isolated using PDA medium, identified followed by inoculation for pathogenecity test.  During several sampling pest, it was found that  L. oratorius was attacked by fungal pathogens in the field. The identification revelead that the fungal pathogens were Beauveria sp and Fusarium sp. Both the fungal pathogen produced white mycelium and could only be distinguished using microscope in the laboratory. Result of pathogenicity tests showed that the two fungal pathogens caused different mortality of the L. oratorius. Mortality of  L. oratorius caused by pathogenic fungus Beauveria sp was  30.3% . Whereas, mortality of  L. oratorius caused by Fusarium sp was only 3.33%. Keywords : pathogenic fungi, entomopathogen, pathogenicity tests, L. oratorius
PENYEBARAN HAMA KEPINDING TANAH DAN MUSUH ALAMINYA PADA PERTANAMAN PADI SAWAH DI SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Paendong Evi , Pelealu Jantje , Rimbing Jimmy
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   Bedbug is the major pest in paddy fields in North Sulawesi. The pest attacks on vegetative and generative phase of rice . The species  of pest  attacking on  paddy fields in North Sulawesi is unknown. The study aimed to evaluate  the spread of bedbug ground pests, to identify the pest species as well as natural enemies of the pest at  the ecosystem of paddy fields in North Sulawesi. The result showed that the pest had spread to paddy field in Bolaang Mongondow, South Minahasa and Southeast Minahasa. In Minahasa regency, the pest had not been detected. In terms of population density of pest bugs , the highest was  found in  Bolaang Mongondow which was 14.67 individual per 20 times of swinging  followed by South Minahasa which was 10.33 individual. The lowest was found in Southeastern Minahasa which was 0.67 individuals. There were eight types of natural enemies of the pest  in  soil ecosystem of paddy fields in North Sulawesi. The eight types of natural enemies of the pest were  seven  predator and one parasitoid. The one parasitoid was Telenomus sp. The  seven predator were  Micraspis crocea, Methioche sp, Anaxipha sp, Oxyopes javanus, Tetragnatha sp, Lycosa sp and Chilomenes sp. Keywords: bedbug spread of soil, its natural enemies
INTENSITAS DAN LAJU INFEKSI PENYAKIT KARAT DAUN Uromyces phaseoli PADA TANAMAN KACANG MERAH
Authors: Manengkey Guntur S.J. , Senewe Emmy
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   Rust leaf on red bean is major desease in the area of Tonsewer, Toure dan Tumaratas village. The aim of the study was to determine the intensity and infection rate of rust disease on red bean at  Tonsewer, Toure and Tumaratas village, The method used was survey by drawing a diagonal line at four points and one point in the center of each farm. Hence,  there were five points that  were used for sampling area for calculating the intensity and the infection  rate caused by  leaf rust Uromyces phaseoli. The result showed that red bean farm  in the village of Tonsewer, Toure and Tumaratas had been infected by rust disease caused by the fungus Uromyces phaseoli . The average of attacking intensity was 62.29% in Tonsewer. Whereas,  Toure and Tumaratas were 61.71% and 62.29 respectively. The average of  infection rate was 0.239 per unit per day in the Tonsewe. While in the Toure and Tumaratas were  0.189  and 0.208 per unit per day respectively . Keyword : Intensity and infection rate,Red Bean
POPULASI DAN TINGKAT SERANGAN Nesidiocoris tenuis REUTER (HEMIPTERA: MIRIDAE) PADA TANAMAN TOMAT
Authors: Rante Caroulus S. , Dien Moulwy F.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   N. tenuis is an insect pest on tomato plants. This insect has ben indentified as a pest to tomato plants in North Sulawesi since early 2000's. The study aimed to determine the population and the level of N. tenuis attack on tomato crop in North Sulawesi. Research used a survey method conducted at four areas in North Sulawesi: Tomohon, Langowan, Tompaso, and Modoinding. Sampling plots to determine population N. tenuis were placed at each location using an aspirator and sweep net. Observations to determine the level of attack N. tenuis were conducted when the plants began to bloom. This was done by watching randomly 8 plants in each sub-sampling plots. The results showed that populations of N. tenuis in tomato crops was relatively low at Tomohon region, reached an average of 0.42 individuals per plant,; at Tompaso, 0.64 individuals per plant, Langowan 2.40 individuals per plant, and Modoinding 5.40 individuals per plant. Observation of the attack N. tenuis on 144 plant samples showed that the highest was found in the sample located in Modoinding, 57.63%, followed by 49.76% in Langowan, 47.44% in Tomohon and 28, 46% in Tompaso. Keywords: Nesidiocoris tenuis, tomato   ABSTRAK   N. tenuis merupakan serangga hama pada tanaman tomat yang diketahui menyerang tanaman tomat di Sulawesi Utara sejak awal tahun 2000-an.  Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui populasi dan tingkat serangan N. tenuis di beberapa sentra pertanaman tomat Sulawesi Utara.  Penelitian menggunakan metode survey pada empat lokasi sentra penanaman tomat di Sulawesi Utara, yaitu Kota Tomohon, Kecamatan Langowan, Kecamatan Tompaso, dan Kecamatan Modoinding.  Pengambilan sampel untuk mengetahui populasi N. tenuis dilakukan pada masing-masing lokasi dengan menggunakan aspirator dan jaring serangga pada sub-petak pengamatan yang telah ditentukan; sedangkan pengamatan untuk mengetahui tingkat serangan N. tenuis dilakukan pada saat tanaman mulai berbunga dengan mengamati secara acak sebanyak 8 tanaman pada masing-masing sub-petak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa populasi N. tenuis pada tanaman tomat relatif rendah yakni kota Tomohon mencapai rata-rata 0,42 individu per tanaman, kemudian Kecamatan Tompaso, 0,64 individu per tanaman, Kecamatan Langowan 2,40 individu per tanaman, dan Kecamatan Modoinding 5,40 individu per tanaman.  Pengamatan tingkat serangan N. tenuis, dari 144 tanaman sampel yang diamati pada masing-masing pengambilan sampel, tertinggi ditemukan pada lokasi sampel Modoinding yakni sebesar 57,63%, kemudian diikuti Langowan (49,76%), Tomohon (47,44%, dan Tompaso (28,46%). Kata Kunci : Nesidiocoris tenuis, tanaman tomat
NILAI NUTRISI JERAMI JAGUNG VARIETAS HIBRIDA BISI 2 DAN MANADO KUNING YANG DIFERMENTASI DENGAN EM4
Authors: Langoy Wanda , Kaunang Charles , Najoan Marie
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine the nutritional value of corn straw yellow Manado and hybrid varieties fermented with effective microorganisms (EM4). The study was conducted in Kawangkoan Bawah Village, West Amurang District. The analysis was performed at the Laboratory of Chemical Industry Research and Standards (Baristand) Ministry of Industry, Manado. This study used an experimental design methos, a Completely Randomized Factorial pattern consisting of two factors. The first factor was using varieties of hybrid maize straw Manado Kuning and Bisi 2; The second factor was using corn straw (P0), fermented corn straw material without the fermentation process ( P1) and fermented corn straw (P2). The results of variance analysis showed that the varieties, and different level of fermentation were highly significant (P <0.01) in affecting crude fiber, crude protein, and energy. While the interaction variety and fermentation showed a significant difference (P <0, 01) to the content of crude fiber and protein, their interaction gave no significant difference (P>0,05) to the energy level. Further analysis indicated that fermented corn straw gave a significant (P<0,01) results compared to corn straw and fermented corn straw without fermentation on protein content, crude fiber and energy level. Keywords : Straw, crude fiber, crude protein, and energy ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menentukan nilai nutrisi jerami jagung varietas hibrida dan manado kuning yang difermentasi dengan effective microorganisms (EM4). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Kawangkoan Bawah Kecamatan Amurang Barat dan Analisa Laboratorium dilakukan di Laboratorium kimia Balai Riset dan Standarisasi Industri (Baristand) Departemen Perindustrian Manado, dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen Rancangan Acak Lengkap dasar pola faktorial yang terdiri dari 2 faktor : faktor pertama varietas terdiri dari jerami jagung hibrida bisi 2 dan manado kuning; faktor kedua Fermentasi terdiri dari jerami jagung (B0), jerami jagung bahan fermentasi tanpa proses fermentasi (B1) dan jerami jagung yang difermentasi (B2). Hasil analisis keragaman menunjukkan bahwa varietas, dan fermentasi memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap kandungan serat kasar, protein kasar, dan energi, sedangkan interaksi varietas dan fermentasi memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01)  terhadap kandungan serat kasar dan protein, dan berbeda tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap kandungan energi. Uji lanjut menunjukkan bahwa jerami jagung fermentasi (JJF) memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) dibandingkan dengan jerami jagung (JJ) dan jerami jagung bahan fermentasi tanpa proses fermentasi (JJTF), demikianpun JJTF memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) dibandingkan dengan JJ terhadap kandungan protein, serat kasar dan energi.  Eugenia Volume 18 No. 1  April 2012 Kata Kunci : Jerami jagung, serat kasar, protein kasar dan energi
HASIL KACANG TANAH (Arachys hypogaea L.) PADA BEBERAPA JENIS PUPUK ORGANIK
Authors: Sondakh Tommy D. , Joroh Djuhardi N. , Tulungen A. G. , Sumampow D. M.F. , Kapugu Lita B. , Mamarimbing Rinny
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   This study aimed to find out the effects of several types of organic fertilizers on peanut’s yield. This study was conducted in the greenhouse environment using a randomized block design with of four treatments of organic fertilizer. Each treatment was repeated five times. Treatment A = without fertilizer; B = Liquid Organic Fertilizer Super Aci 4 cc / liter of water; C = Granular Organic matter 1000 kg / ha; and D = Humagrow 500 grams / ha. Observed variables included  1) plant dry weight, 2) numbers of pods , 3) numbers of empty pods, and 4) weight of pods. The results showed that some types of organic fertilizers influenced  the yield of peanuts. Organic fertilizers are super Aci 4 cc / liter of water and 20 tons of granular NPK / ha gave the highest yield. Key words:  Peanuts, super leveling compound organic fertilizer, granules organic matter   ABSTRAK Hasil penelitian kacang tanah (Arachys hypogaea L.) Pada Beberapa Jenis Pupuk Organik bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh beberapa jenis pupuk organik pada tanaman kacang tanah. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari empat perlakuan pupuk organik. Tiap perlakuan diulang lima kali. Perlakuan tersebut adalah A = Tanpa pemupukan, B = Pupuk Organik Cair Super Aci 4 cc / liter air, C = pupuk Organik granular 1000 kg/ha, dan D = Humagrow 500 gram/ ha. Variabel yang diamati adalah 1) berat kering tanaman, 2) Jumlah polong berisi, 3) Jumlah polong hampa, dan 3) berat polong per tanaman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beberapa jenis pupuk organik mempengaruhi hasil kacang tanah. Pupuk organik Super Aci 4 cc / liter air dan 1000 kg pupuk organik granular / ha memberikan hasil kacang tanah tertinggi. Kata kunci: Tanaman kacang tanah, pupuk organik super aci, pupuk organik granul, dan humagrow
EFEKTIFITAS WAKTU PEMBERIAN DAN KONSENTRASI PACLOBUTRAZOL TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL KENTANG (Solanum tuberosum L.) VARIETAS SUPEJOHN
Authors: Sambeka Frangki , Runtunuwu Semuel D. , Rogi Johannes E.X.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   The study aimed to examine the influence of time of application and concentration of paclobutrazol on growth and yield of potato crop Supejohn held in District Modoinding South Minahasa regency, from March to June 2012, using a randomized block design with two factors. The first factor is the concentration of Paclobutrazol with four standards are: 0 ppm, 75 ppm, 100 ppm, 125 ppm and the second factor is the provision of a three-level applications MST 4, 5 and 6 MST MST (Week After Planting). Based on research, the results of analysis of variance showed an interaction between application timing and concentration of paclobutrazol. Combination treatment with 125 ppm paclobutrazol 6 WAP application time can give significant effect on plant height, number of chlorophyll content, percentage weight class tuber yield components in the form of increased crop production amounted to 45.04 kg / plot (24 plants) / range 52. ton / ha by pressing the vegetative growth of plants. Key words : Supejohn, time application, concentration, paclobutrazol
RESPONS NAPHTHALEN ACETIC ACID DAN UNSUR MIKRO MIKOMBI SUPER TERHADAP CHERELLE WILT PADA TANAMAN KAKAO
Authors: Walingkas Stanley A.F. , Rantung Meity
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT This study aims to determine the effect of plant growth regulators and micro elements to cherelle wilt in cacao plants as well as finding the right business in tackling cherelle wilt in cacao plants. The research was carried out in the garden village folk Eris Eris Minahasa district for 8 months from January to August 2009. Spraying micro-nutrient elements is necessary to reduce cherelle wilt because the various treatments for the first observation is not significantly different, but the observations into two to seven observations to indicate a significant difference between treatments (percentage cherelle wilt on treatment without nutrient elements higher than sprayed). While spraying the treatment factor of plant growth regulators (NAA) is not necessary because the first observation and the two had no significant effect on the percentage of cherelle wilt affected only the third observation and further observations to a fourth, fifth, sixth and seventh again no effect. So is the treatment for fruit length and diameter showed that administration of the micro nutrients necessary for sprayed with micro nutrients result 22.10 cm higher than that is not sprayed is 19.43 cm. As for the diameter of the fruit is affected by plant growth regulators. Treatment is better than 200 ppm 100 ppm and 0 ppm (control). Keywords: NAA, cocoa, mikombi     ABSTRAK   Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh pemberian zat pengatur tumbuh dan unsur mikro terhadap cherelle wilt pada tanaman kakao serta menemukan usaha yang tepat dalam menanggulangi cherelle wilt pada tanaman kakao. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kebun rakyat Desa Eris Kecamatan Eris Kabupaten Minahasa selama 8 bulan sejak Januari – Agustus 2009. Penyemprotan unsur hara mikro perlu dilakukan untuk mengurangi cherelle wilt sebab pada berbagai perlakuan untuk pengamatan pertama tidak berbeda nyata namun pada pengamatan ke dua sampai pengamatan ke tujuh menunjukkan adanya perbedaan nyata antar perlakuan (prosentase cherelle wilt pada perlakuan tanpa unsure hara lebih tinggi dari yang disemprot). Sementara faktor penyemprotan dengan perlakuan zat pengatur tumbuh (NAA) tidak perlu dilakukan sebab pengamatan pertama dan ke dua tidak berpengaruh nyata pada persentase cherelle wilt hanya berpengaruh pada pengamatan ke tiga dan selanjutnya pengamatan ke empat, ke lima, ke enam dan ke tujuh kembali tidak berpengaruh. Begitu juga perlakuan untuk panjang dan diameter buah menunjukkan bahwa pemberian unsur hara mikro perlu dilakukan sebab yang disemprot dengan unsur hara mikro hasilnya 22,10 cm lebih tinggi dari yang tidak disemprot yaitu 19,43 cm. Sementara untuk diameter buah dipengaruhi oleh zat pengatur tumbuh. Perlakuan 200 ppm lebih baik dari 100 ppm dan 0 ppm (kontrol). Eugenia Volume 18 No. 2  Agustus 2012 Kata kunci : NAA, kakao, mikombi
KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS PARASITOID TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE HAMA Helicoverpha armigera BERDASARKAN KARAKTER MORFOLOGI PADA TANAMAN JAGUNG DI SULAWESI UTARA
Authors: Maramis R. T.D. , Kandowangko D. S.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   The research was aimed to identify parasitoid, to know the morphology characters to count the level parasitisation of parasitoid, to the region of parasitoid distribution and to make a key parasitoid identification. Sampling eggs of H. armigera in order to get a type of parasitoid Trichogrammatidae has carried out in the regencies of Minahasa, South Minahasa and Bolaang Mongondow. Each regency has sampled in three sub-districts for getting the egg samples of H. armigera, which were collected at the age plant of 45-52 days after planting. Sampling result of egg H. armigera has found one type of parasitoid Trichogrammatidae. Based on the identification of parasitoid morphology, i.e: the front wings, antenna, the insect, colors, parasitoid in which parasited the eggs of H. armigera is Trichogrammatoidea sp.. Body color of parasitoid Trichogrammatoidea sp.. was tawny, and the abdominal was more dark. Parasitoid Trichogrammatoidea sp. spread on the planting sub-districts. Parasitization of parasitoid was still low, only ranging from 5.59 to 21.03 percent, the highest and lowest values found in Bolaang Mongondow (Poigar and Bolaang subdistricts). Keywords : type of parasitoid Trichogrammatidae, parasitisation of  parasitoid   ABSTRAK Penelitian bertujuan mengidentifikasi parasitoid, mengetahui karakter morfologi, menghitung tingkat parasitisasi parasitoid, mengetahui wilayah penyebaran parasitoid dan membuat kunci identifikasi parasitoid. Pengambilan contoh telur H. armigera untuk mendapatkan jenis parasitoid Trichogrammatidae telah dilaksanakan di Kabupaten Minahasa, Minahasa Selatan dan Bolaang Mongondow. Setiap wilayah Kabupaten diambil 3 kecamatan untuk pengambilan contoh telur H. armigera. Contoh telur H. armigera dilaksanakan pada umur tanaman 45-52 hst. Hasil pengambilan contoh telur H. armigera telah ditemukan satu jenis parasitoid Trichogrammatidae. Berdasarkan identifikasi karakter morfologi parasitoid yakni sayap depan, antenna, warna tubuh serangga, maka parasitoid yang memarasit telur H. armigera adalah Trichogrammatoidea sp.. Warna tubuh parasitoid Trichogrammatoidea sp. armigera berwarna kuning kecoklatan dan bagian abdomen berwarna lebih gelap.  Parasitoid Trichogrammatoidea sp. menyebar pada semua pertanaman jagung di ketiga wilayah kabupaten.  Parasitisasi parasitoid masih tergolong rendah hanya berkisar antara 5,59-21,03%, wilayah yang tertinggi dan terendah ditemukan di Bolaang Mongondow (di Kecamatan Poigar dan  Bolaang. Kata kunci : jenis parasitoid Trichogrammatidae, parasitisasi parasitoid
JENIS DAN POPULASI HAMA PADA TANAMAN STROBERI (Fragaria x ananassa Duscesne)
Authors: Kessek Lanny I.M. , Tulung M. , Salaki Ch. L.
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   The study aimed to: (1) know the type of pests and predator that lived during the growth and production of strawberry plants, (2) know the populations of pests associated to the strawberry plants during vegetative and generative development stages until harvest time. The methodology used was Descriptive Method. Sampling the pests associated to strawberry plants was taken by the Method of Deliberate (Purposive Sampling Method). In the vegetative stage, the plants were in 2-10 weeks after planting, and the generative stage of flowering plants until harvest time, or age 11-20 weeks after planting. The results showed that, the pests on strawberry plants growth and development in both vegetative and generative stages, i.e.: seven order were included in nine families, those were: order Orthoptera with Acrididae and Grylotalpidae families; order Coleoptera with Curculionidae and Chrysomelidae families; order Lepidoptera with Pyralidae families; order Diptera with Drosophilidae families; order Homoptera with Aphididea families; order Acari with Tetranychidae families, and order Mollusca. There were six types of pests which destroyed the leaves on  the vegetative phase, i.e.: Acida turita, Locusta sp., Valanga nigricornis, Chrysocus auratus, Tetranychus sp. and Aphis sp., and a kind of destructive root, that was Gryllotalpha sp. There were 11 types of pests in the generative phase, consisted of: a) six pest species destroyed the leaf, i.e.: Acida turita, Locusta sp., Valanga nigricornis, Chrysocus auratus, Tetranychus sp., and Aphis sp.; b) two kinds of fruit pests, those were : Drosphila sp. and Filicaulis bleekeri, c) as well as a type of root pest was Gryllotalpha sp. Keywords : population type and plant pests and predators; strawberry plants
KETERTARIKAN HAMA Sitophilus oryzae PADA BERAS, JAGUNG PIPILAN KACANG TANAH, KACANG KEDELAI, DAN KOPRA
Authors: Manueke J. , Pelealu Jantje
Published: July 2019

ABSTRACT   The purpose of research is to know the preferences of Sitophilus oryzae in rice, corn, peanut, soybeans, and copra. Experiments using observational and substitutional methods with research objeck is the interest of S. oryzae in some kind of postharvest material. Parameters measured were population density of pests, feeding damage caused by pests, and the relationship between population densty of pests and postharvest material damage caused by pests feed of S. oryzae. The results showed that S. oryzae choose food according to its main host. Population density are highest at 20.8 tail in rice, corn followed by14.0 tail, 8.2 tail in peanuts, 7,0 tail in soybeans and the lowest in copra is 4.0 tail. The results of feeding test showed that S. oryzae can not live in peanut, soybeans, and copra. Damage to feed straight to the population density S.oryzae. The amount of damage depends on the amount of feed that is higher pest populations, the greater damage in flicted on feed. Key words: preferences, Sitophylusoryzae, rice, corn, peanut, peanut soya, copra