bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Die übersetzten Götter. Ein Gespräch mit Elisabetta Colagrossi
Authors: Assmann Jan
Published: November 2018

Im Vorwort von Religio duplex sprechen Sie von den zwei Herkünften und akademischen Felderm die Sie produktiv miteinander ins Gespräch gebracht haben: Ihr ROlle als Ägyptologe und die als Kulturwissenschaftler. Woher rührt dieser kulturwissenachdrliche Grundimpuls in Ihren Fragestlellungen? Das kultuwissenschaftliche Interesse geht bei mir weit zurück, angeregt wohl vor allem durch meine Eltern, Architekten mit weitgespannten Interessen in Geschichte, Literatur, Malerei und Musik, dann aber auch durch Gustav Friedrich Hartlaub, einen Freund meiner Eltern, der sich meiner in der Schulzeit als Mentor annahm. (...)
Run uproc-DNA using iMicrobe v1
Authors: J J. Ponsero Alise
Published: November 2018

How to run uproc v1.2.0 (Meinicke, 2014) through the iMicrobe plaform. The ultrafast protein classification (UProC) toolbox implements a mosaic matching algorithm for large-scale protein annotation analysis. UProC is up to three orders of magnitude faster than profile-based methods and achieved higher sensitivity on unassembled short reads (100 bp) from simulated metagenomes. UProC does not depend on a multiple alignment of family-specific sequences. Therefore, in addition to the protein domain classification according to the Pfam database, UProC also provide the detection of KEGG Orthologs. More informations about centrifuge can be found here :http://uproc.gobics.de/
PCR Protocol for chicken sex identification. v1
Authors: He Liyan , Martins Priscila , Huguenin Joris , Van Thi-Nhu-Ngoc , Manso Taciana , Galindo Therese , Catherinot Lise , Molina Franck , Espeut Julien
Published: November 2018

This is an invasive PCR based chicken gender determination protocol to identify the sex of fertilized egg at the early chicken’s embryo states. It is based on the differences between males and females sexual chromosomes: ZZ for males and ZW for females. Two set of primers have been developped for this method: SWIM and 12S. They amplify 2 amplicons for female samples and 1 amplicon for male samples.
Alternative Media and the Notion of Anti-Systemness: Towards an Analytical Framework
Authors: Holt Kristoffer
Published: November 2018

A range of alternative media outlets focusing on criticizing immigration politics and mainstream media have emerged in Sweden in recent years. Although they have quite different ideological profiles, they share a clear and critical focus on immigration and mainstream journalistic representations of reality. Their message is that mainstream media conceal or distort information about negative societal and cultural consequences of immigration and that mainstream journalists have teamed up with the political elites and engage in witch-hunts of critics, while ignoring abuses by those in power. Such media outlets (especially online participatory media) need to be analyzed in the light of their position as self-perceived correctives of traditional media. There has been a remarkable surge of alternative media in Sweden with these traits in common during the past few years, and it is important to be able to discuss these media together as a phenomenon, while at the same time taking their differences into account. In relation to this, I argue that the notion of anti-systemness is useful in discussions of the impact these alternative media may (or may not) have on public discourse. In the article, I present a matrix that distinguishes between different types of anti-systemness: ideological anti-systemness and relational anti-systemness. The article therefore mainly presents a theoretical argument, rather than empirical findings, with the aim of pointing to a way forward for research about alternative media.
The Moral Gatekeeper? Moderation and Deletion of User-Generated Content in a Leading News Forum
Authors: Boberg Svenja , Schatto-Eckrodt Tim , Frischlich Lena , Quandt Thorsten
Published: November 2018

Participatory formats in online journalism offer increased options for user comments to reach a mass audience, also enabling the spreading of incivility. As a result, journalists feel the need to moderate offensive user comments in order to prevent the derailment of discussion threads. However, little is known about the principles on which forum moderation is based. The current study aims to fill this void by examining 673,361 user comments (including all incoming and rejected comments) of the largest newspaper forum in Germany (Spiegel Online) in terms of the moderation decision, the topic addressed, and the use of insulting language using automated content analysis. The analyses revealed that the deletion of user comments is a frequently used moderation strategy. Overall, more than one-third of comments studied were rejected. Further, users mostly engaged with political topics. The usage of swear words was not a reason to block a comment, except when offenses were used in connection with politically sensitive topics. We discuss the results in light of the necessity for journalists to establish consistent and transparent moderation strategies.
Commentary on News and Participation through and beyond Proprietary Platforms in an Age of Social Media
Authors: Katz James E.
Published: November 2018

The far-seeing collection in this issue is arrayed across the terrain of journalism infused with social media. The authors take deep dives into the material and in the process contribute significantly to the research community’s corpus on social media and proprietary platforms in journalism. In their wake, they leave an ambitious albeit hazy roster of research topics. My aim is to offer a brief critique of the articles and conclude with a few hortatory words.
Os avessos da romanização em Atenas sob o Império Romano: cultura provincial e modos de integração no decreto IG II2 1035
Authors: Morales Fabio Augusto
Published: November 2018

Este artigo discute o paradigma da romanização do ponto de vista das províncias gregas do Império romano, tomando como estudo de caso os santuários atenienses mencionados no decreto para restauração de santuários da Ática (IG II2 1035), de época augustana. Após uma breve discussão acerca das reviravoltas historiográficas do paradigma da romanização, o artigo explora as relações entre memória, cultura e poder implicadas nas restaurações, argumentando que mais do que decidir entre explicações baseadas nas ideias de “resistência” ou “submissão” cultural, é preciso voltar a atenção para a sobreposição de diferentes modalidades de integração.
O uso da metáfora 'sponsa Christi' por Cipriano de Cartago como estratégia para disciplinar a virgem cristã
Authors: Soares Carolline Da Silva
Published: November 2018

O bispo cartaginês Cipriano de Cartago escreveu, em 249, um tratado intitulado De habitu uirginum, no qual ele apresenta as virgens cristãs como mulheres virtuosas, mas também assinala as cautelas e as prevenções que elas devem ter em relação às tentações do mundo, que podem levá-las a abandonar a castidade e, sobretudo, a pudicitia. Em seu discurso, Cipriano faz uso de uma retórica persuasiva para tentar convencer a virgem a seguir as suas determinações e normas disciplinares. Para tanto, utiliza como estratégia, conceito cunhado por De Certeau, a metáfora sponsa Christi (esposa de Cristo), ressaltando o significado e a importância dessa expressão, de modo a justificar o comportamento exemplar, que ele espera ser adotado pela virgem cristã, baseado na modéstia e na obediência.
Edição completa
Published: November 2018

Edição completa.
Fascism Comes to America
Authors: Kuklick Bruce
Published: November 2018

For almost a century, American politicians and social commentator, trailed by novelists, Hollywood movie makers and television producers have agonized about the menace of fascism, and its ability to corrupt the United States’ constitutional republic, supposedly moderate, strong, and firm. Four facets of this huge set of issues are called to the attention of readers: the creation of the understanding of fascism in 1939–1941; the connection between political crises and their renderings in popular culture; the contribution of European scholars to the conventional conceptual framework; and an exploration of the penchant of American scholars for the notion.
Determinantes de la estructura de capital de las empresas comercializadoras de autopartes de Bogotá, para el periodo 2008-2015
Authors: Huertas Beltrán Javier Ernesto
Published: November 2018

El objetivo de este documento es analizar la estructura de capital de las empresas comercializadoras de autopartes localizadas en Bogotá, en el periodo 2008-2015, mediante un modelo econométrico de datos panel dinámico que toma como variables explicativas la rentabilidad, la tangibilidad, el tamaño de la empresa, el costo de la deuda y el riesgo del negocio. Los resultados de la estimación se comparan con las relaciones predichas por las teorías del equilibrio estático, la tesis de costos de agencia y la jerarquía de preferencias de financiamiento. De este modo se establecerá cuáles variables son relevantes desde el punto de vista estadístico y financiero, y si alguna de estas teorías explica consistentemente las decisiones de endeudamiento de las empresas del sector autopartista.
Bacterial contamination of ultrasound probes and coupling gels in a university hospital in Turkey
Authors: Kıran Hakan , Aral Murat , Kıran Gürkan , Serin Salih , Arıkan Deniz Cemgil , Erkayıran Uğurkan , Ekerbiçer Hasan Çetin
Published: November 2018

Objectives: Nosocomial
outbreaks of infection originating from ultrasound probes and contaminated
coupling gels have been reported. It was reported that the ultrasound probe, if
cultured after routine scanning of intact skin, may become colonized with skin
flora. Methods: Culture swabs
from 22 probes of the 9 ultrasound machines and
from the gels in the 10 gel folders were taken. All swabs
taken from probe head, probe holder and the coupling gel in the folder at the
beginning of the day were cultured. After fifth scanning and after wiping off
the gel with a dry, nonsterile paper towel, cultures were again obtained from
probe head and probe holder. Results: A total of 98
culture results were included of which 42.8% were positive for bacterial
growth. The rate of bacterial contamination from probes at
morning before the start of examination and after scanning were 34.1% and
56.8%, respectively and this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.023).

Conclusions: We think
that using nonsterile, dry, soft and absorbent paper towel after each
procedure, could be inadequate for disinfection of probe head. Especially, good
hand hygiene could decrease the rate of growth of bacterial colony at probe
handle.
The relationship between atherogenic index of plasma and major risk factors of cardiovascular disease in obese and non-obese individuals
Authors: SAYIN Seher , KUTLU Ruhuşen , KOÇAK Ahmet
Published: November 2018

Objectives:
Obesity is a health problem with gradually increasing
prevalence and directly contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease
(CVD). We aimed to investigate the relationship between atherogenic index of
plasma (AIP) and major risk factors of CVD in obese and non-obese individuals. Methods: This analytical
case-control study was carried out on 501 individuals. Obese patients were
included in the case group and normal-overweight individuals were included in
the control group. The groups were similar in terms of ages and gender.
Detailed medical background of the participants was recorded and antropometric
parameters were measured. High-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low-density
lipoprotein-cholesterol, total cholesterol, triglyceride, fasting blood glucose
(FBG) and insulin were measured. AIP risk categories were created according to
published epidemiological data: AIP < 0.1 is associated with low risk,
0.1-0.24 with moderate risk, and > 0.24 with high risk. Results: There was a statistically significant relationship between
obesity, male gender, older age, smoking, insulin resistance, high waist
circumference, elevation of the blood pressure, FBG and high CVD risk (p < 0.005). CVD risk in males were
6.254 times more than in females [OR=6.254, 95% CI; (2.287-17.107)], CVD risk
in obese was 3.436 times more than in none-obese and CVD risk in individuals
with insulin resistance was 5.560-fold increase than individuals without insulin
resistance [OR=5.560, 95% CI; (3.069-10.070)] (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:
Our findings showed that increasing in AIP is associated with
obesity and other cardiovascular risk factors. Therefore, AIP can be used as a
simple, economic and non invasive marker to identify for CVD risk.
Varlık Yönetim Şirketlerinin Türk Bankacılık Sistemindeki Sorunlu Kredilerin Yönetimindeki Rolü
Authors: LÖK Hasan
Published: November 2018

Sorunlu
krediler, banka ile borçlu arasında daha önce yapılan geri ödeme anlaşmasının
bozulması ile tahsilat sürecinin zarar görmesi veya gecikmesi ihtimalinin
ortaya çıkması olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Son yıllarda bankaların sağladıkları ve
geri ödenme aşamasında çeşitli problemler yaşanan ve sorunlu alacaklara dönüşen
krediler, bankaların faaliyetlerini ve varlık yapısını olumsuz etkilemektedir.
Bu nedenle, bankaların bilançolarında risk ve kaynak maliyetleri artmaktadır.
Son dönemlerde Türk Bankacılık hukukunda yapılan değişiklikle sisteme Varlık
Yönetim Şirketleri ilave edilmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı tahsilinde güçlük çekilen
sorunlu kredilerin varlık yönetim şirketlerine devrine dönük olarak bu
şirketlerin önemi ve rollerini irdelemektir. Çalışmanın yöntemi olarak
literatür taramasından yararlanılmış olup, çalışma konusu ilgili bilimsel
kaynaklarla desteklenmektedir. Çalışmada sorunlu kredilerin varlık yönetim
şirketlerine devri sonrasında bankacılık sisteminde olumlu gelişmelerin ve
iyileşmelerin olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
Optimization of Radiators, Underfloor and Ceiling Heater Towards the Definition of a Reference Ideal Heater for Energy Efficient Buildings
Authors: Ferrantelli Andrea , Võsa Karl-Villem , Kurnitski Jarek
Published: November 2018

Heat emitters constitute the primary devices used in space heating and cover a fundamental role in the energy efficient use of buildings. In the search for an optimized design, heating devices should be compared with a benchmark emitter with maximum heat emission efficiency. However, such an ideal heater still needs to be defined. In this paper we perform an analysis of heat transfer in a European reference room, considering room side effects of thermal radiation and computing the induced operative temperature both analytically and numerically. By means of functional optimization, we analyse trends such as the variation of operative temperature with radiator panel dimensions, finding optimal configurations. In order to make our definitions as general as possible, we address panel radiators, convectors, underfloor (UFH) and ceiling heater. We obtain analytical formulas for the operative temperature induced by panel radiators and identify the 10-type as our ideal radiator, while the UFH provides the best performance overall. Regarding specifically UFH and ceiling heaters, we find optimal sizes that identify the according ideal emitters. The analytical method and quantitative results reported in this paper can be generalized and adopted in most studies concerning the efficiency of different heat emitter types in building enclosures.
Two-Year Data Comparison of Ab Interno Trabeculectomy and Trabecular Bypass Stenting Using Exact Matching
Authors: Esfandiari Hamed , Taubenslag Kenneth , Shah Priyal , Goyal Swati , Weiner Adam J. , Severson Melissa L. , Weiner Asher , Grove Davinder S. , Bussel Igor I. , Loewen Nils A.
Published: November 2018

Purpose: To create a highly balanced comparison of ab interno trabeculectomy (Trabectome, AIT) and trabecular bypass stenting (iStent, TBS).Setting: Eye and Ear Institute, Pittsburgh, Ross Eye Institute, Buffalo, and Glaucoma Associates of Texas, Dallas, USA.Design: Retrospective Exact Matching analysis.Methods: AIT and TBS patients were included from three large glaucoma practices. The primary outcome measure was the unmedicated IOP ≤ 21 mmHg at 2-year follow-up visit. A secondary measure was unmedicated IOP reduction ≥ 20% at 2 years. Patients were matched by baseline IOP, the number of glaucoma medications and glaucoma type using Exact Matching and by age using Nearest Neighbor matching. Patients without a close match were excluded. All surgeries were combined with phacoemulsification. Results: 154 AIT and 110 TBS eyes were analyzed. 48 AIT patients were exactly matched to 48 TBS patients. Both groups had a baseline IOP of 15.3±3.1 mmHg. At 24 months, the mean IOP was 13.9±3.3 for AIT versus 16.8±2.8 mmHg for TBS (p=0.04), while the number of medications was 0.7±1.0 for AIT versus 1.7±1.2 for TBS (p=0.04). The proportion of subjects achieving IOP ≤ 21 mmHg without medications at 24 months was 53% in AIT versus 16.6% in TBS (P < 0.05). At 24-month follow up 17.6% of patients in AIT had ≥ 20% IOP reduction without medication versus no patient in TBS. Conclusions: An Exact Matching comparison of AIT and TBS demonstrated greater IOP reduction with fewer medications in AIT.
Optimizing Age-Structured and Risk-Based Mass Drug Administration Against Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis in Ghana Using Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
Authors: Thakur Mugdha , Mohammed Rasheeda , Mubayi Anuj
Published: November 2018

Soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH), a neglected tropical disease (NTD) remains a major health problem all over the world including Ghana, which has STH prevalence of 25.4%. To control the disease, the government of Ghana currently concentrates on implementing mass drug administration (MDA) efforts focusing only among school-aged children. However, various studies have suggested that focusing on only a specific group for MDA may not be cost-effective. Moreover, some adults such as teachers and school-workers spend large fraction of their time with children, who shed more parasite in environment due to unhygienic behavior, and thus have a higher risk of getting infected as compared to other adults. In this study we use a mathematical model to evaluate age-structured and risk-based policies for implementing MDA while capturing transmission dynamics of STH in Ghana. A cost model was developed that included various costs related to MDA to study cost-effectiveness of current policies of MDA in Ghana against novel policies to control STH in Ghana. We carry out analysis for five different scenarios— I: no MDA (baseline), II: current MDA policy (focusing children) in Ghana, III: MDA for different age groups (adults and children groups) for unlimited budget, IV: MDA for different age groups with limitations of number of individuals treated, and, V: MDA for different groups based on their risk of getting infected (adults school workers (high-risk group), adults non-school workers and children groups). Our results suggest that it might be more cost-effective to allocate treatment through MDA to at least some proportion of adults along with children. In case of unlimited budget, the best strategy in Scenario IV would be to treat approximately 22% of adults and approximately 45% of children. The most cost-effective among the 5 scenarios is suggested through scenario V, where high-risk adults group and children are provided MDA at higher level than low-risk adults. In conclusion, age-structured and risk-based allocation of treatment and resources is crucial to reducing STH load in developing countries.
Fusarium graminearum Colors and Deoxynivalenol Synthesis at Different Water Activity
Authors: Cambaza Edgar , Koseki Shigenobu , Kawamura Shuso
Published: November 2018

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a well-known mycotoxin, responsible for outbreaks of gastrointestinal disorders in Japan. Fusarium graminearum, a parasite of cereal crops, produces this toxin and this is one of the reasons why it is important to understand its metabolism. It is possible to predict the mold’s color change and the quantity of DON synthesized throughout its lifecycle. Furthermore, aw has been found to affect the amount of DON. This study aimed to analyze the potential of F. graminearum surface color as a predictor of DON concentration at aw = 0.94, 0.97 and 0.99. Thus, 36 specimens were incubated at 25 °C, 12 at each aw. After 4, 8, 12 and 16 days, 3 specimens from each aw were collected for color analysis and DON quantification. For color analysis, photos were taken and red, green and blue (RGB) channels were measured on ImageJ software. DON was quantified through liquid chromatography (HPLC). Color changes were only observed at aw = 0.99 because at lower aw the molds presented high growth of white mycelium. Yet, DON increased in all cases. It was only possible to relate the colors with DON concentration at aw = 0.99, where they presented inverse proportionality.
Algebras and Smarandache Types
Authors: Kim Hee Sik , Neggers J. , Ahn Sun Shin
Published: November 2018

If an algebra of type $A$ contains a subalgebra

which is also an algebra of type $B$, then it is a Smarandache $B$-type $A$-algebra provided the subalgebra of type $B$ contains at least two elements. This generalizes the notion of Smarandache

group, where the group of order $\geq 2$ is a subsemigroup of a semigroup.

In this paper we investigate a number of such pairings

and we deduce a number of conclusions as a consequence.
Brother's Keeper or Only Child? Black Middle Class Responses to Residential Mobility Initiatives in Prince George's County, MD
Authors: Shinault Carley
Published: November 2018

The implications of urban revitalization, gentrification, and residential migration have attracted widespread interest and ongoing debate among scholars across a range of disciplines. While a significant body of literature explores race and class interactions within urban gentrifying neighborhoods, few have examined the environments that await those displaced by this process. This study explores the social and political impact of urban gentrification and class stratification within the black community by examining responses of black middle class residents in Prince George’s County, MD to the growing in-migration of low-income and minority residents from Washington, DC. Drawing on data from the U.S. Census Bureau, a multi-neighborhood sample of ninety-five black middle class residents of Prince George’s County, and informal interviews with subject-area experts, this study explores how race and class shape residential decisions and their impact on residential mobility initiatives. Residents responded to a 26-item survey that covered demographic information, political and community engagement, and their attitudes and beliefs about the poor, changes in their community, and racial unity and responsibility. Findings from cross tabulations and binary logistic regression indicate that lower middle class residents are the most likely to resist in-migration by exiting their communities and/or voting against proposals to create affordable housing options. Core and upper middle class residents were the most likely to stay in their neighborhoods despite increases in low-income migration, to vote in support of policies to create affordable housing options and to believe their responsibility to poor blacks could include sharing residential space.
Nano-Magnetic Fe3O4/TiO2 Composite : An Efficient Photocatalyst for 2,4 -Dichlorophenol Degradation Under Visible Light
Authors: Mehdipoor Mona , Khayati Gh. , Pirbazari A. Ebrahimian
Published: November 2018

In this work, pure TiO2 and nano-magnetic of Fe3O4/TiO2 were synthesized for degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2, 4-DCP) as an organic pollutant. A range of analytical techniques including XRD, DRS, FESEM, and VSM were employed to reveal the crystal structure, morphology and property of the nanocomposite. The XRD results showed the prepared samples including 100% anatase phase. We obtained the band gap energy 2.9 and 2.8 eV for pure TiO2 and Fe3O4/TiO2 respectively. VSM results demonstrate that easy, fast separation and redispersion of Fe3O4/TiO2 sample can be realized. We obtained 62% and 31% degradation of 2,4-DCP in the presence of  Fe3O4/TiO2  and pure TiO2 under visible light respectively.
An Observable Prerequisite for the Existence of Persistent Currents
Authors: Szeftel Jacob , Sandeau Nicolas , Abou Ghantous Michel
Published: November 2018

A classical model is presented for persistent currents in superconductors. Their existence is argued to be warranted because their decay would violate the second law of thermodynamics. This conclusion is achieved by analyzing comparatively Ohm's law and the Joule effect in normal metals and superconducting materials. Whereas Ohm's law applies in identical terms in both cases, the Joule effect is shown to cause the temperature of a superconducting sample to \textit{decrease}. An experiment is proposed to check the validity of this work in superconductors of both types I and II.
Nanoparticles and Nanomaterials as Plant Biostimulants
Authors: Juárez-Maldonado Antonio , Ortega-Ortíz Hortensia , Morales-Díaz América Berenice , González-Morales Susana , Morelos-Moreno Álvaro , Cabrera-De la Fuente Marcelino , Sandoval-Rangel Alberto , Cadenas-Pliego Gregorio , Benavides-Mendoza Adalberto
Published: November 2018

Biostimulants are materials that when applied in small amounts are capable of promoting plant growth. Nanoparticles (NPs) and nanomaterials (NMs) can be considered as biostimulants since, in specific ranges of concentration, generally in small levels, they increase the plant growth. Pristine NPs and NMS have a high density of surface charges capable of unspecific interactions with the surface charges of the cell walls and membranes of plant cells. In the same way, the functionalized NPs and NMS, and the NPs and NMs with a corona formed after the exposition to natural fluids such as water, soil solution, or the interior of organisms, presents a high density of surface charges that interact with specific charged groups in cell surfaces. The magnitude of the interaction will depend on the materials adhered to the corona, but the high-density charges located in a small volume causes an intense interaction capable of disturbing the density of surface charges of cell walls and membranes. The electrostatic disturbance can have an impact on the electrical potentials of the outer and inner surfaces, as well as on the transmembrane electrical potential, modifying the activity of the integral proteins of the membranes. The extension of the cellular response can range from biostimulation to cell death and will depend on the concentration, size, and the characteristics of the corona.
Behavioral and Neural Aspects of the Spatial Processing of Conspecifics in the Electrosensory System
Authors: Milam Oak , Ramachandra Keshav L. , Marsat Gary
Published: November 2018

Localizing the source of a signal is often as important as deciphering the signal’s message. Localization mechanisms must cope with the challenges of representing the spatial information of weak, noisy signals. Comparing these strategies across modalities and model systems allows a broader understanding of the general principles shaping spatial processing. In this review we focus on the electrosensory system of knifefish and provide an overview of our current understanding of spatial processing in this system, in particular, localization of conspecific signals. We argue that many mechanisms observed in other sensory systems, such as the visual or auditory systems, have comparable implementations in the electrosensory system. Our review therefore describes a field of research with unique opportunities to provide new insights into the principles underlying spatial processing.
Adsorption of 2-(Hexadecanoylamino)Acetic Acid Onto the Surface of Smithsonite: Mechanism and Flotation Performance
Authors: Luo Bin , Liu Junbo , Liu Quanjun , Song Chao , Yu Li , Li Shimei , Lai Hao
Published: November 2018

Zinc is mostly extracted from zinc oxide and sulfide minerals, and this process involves flotation as a key step. While it is easier to float the sulfide mineral, its consumption and depletion has led to an increased reliance on zinc oxide minerals, including smithsonite; hence the development of efficient ways of collecting smithsonite by flotation is an important objective. Herein, we describe the use of 2-(hexadecanoylamino)acetic acid (HAA), a novel surfactant, as a collector during smithsonite flotation. The mechanism and flotation performance of HAA during smithsonite flotation were investigated by total organic carbon (TOC) content studies, zeta potential measurements, FTIR spectroscopy, and XPS analyses, combined with micro-flotation experiments. The flotation results revealed that HAA is an excellent collector in pulp over a wide pH range (9–12) and at a relatively low concentration (2 × 10‒4 mol/L), at which a recovery of close to 90% of the smithsonite mineral was obtained. TOC-content studies reveal that the good flotation recovery is ascribable to large amounts of collector molecule adsorbed on the smithsonite surface, while zeta potential measurements show that the HAA is chemically adsorbed onto the smithsonite. FTIR and XPS analyses reveal that the HAA-collector molecules adsorb onto the smithsonite surface as zinc-HAA complexes involving carboxylate moieties and Zn sites on the smithsonite surface in alkaline solution.
From Field Experiments to Regional Forecasts: Upscaling Wheat Grain and Forage Yield Response to Acidic Soils
Authors: Lollato Romulo P. , Ochsner Tyson E. , Arnall Daryl B. , Griffin Terry W. , Edwards Jeffrey T.
Published: November 2018

Core Ideas

Wheat varieties differ in forage and grain yield in their tolerance to acidic soils.

Grain yield maximized at soil pH of 5.8 and 4.8 for sensitive and tolerant varieties.

Forage yield maximized at soil pH of 6.0 and 5.5 for sensitive and tolerant varieties.

We developed a protocol to estimate regional gains from variety selection or liming acidic soils.

We combined field studies to regional soil databases with the objective of presenting a protocol to forecast regional gains in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) forage and grain yield and revenue, from liming or selecting a variety tolerant to acidic soils. First, we developed forage and grain yield response curves to soil pH using a variety by soil pH study conducted during 3 yr (2013–2015) at two Oklahoma locations. Second, we used a database of soil pH samples representing 93% of the wheat growing region of the state (n = 11,905) coupled with 15‐yr average county yield and harvested area to estimate potential gains for grain‐only and dual‐purpose scenarios. Relative grain yield maximized at soil pH of 5.8 for sensitive varieties and 4.8 for tolerant varieties. Forage yield maximized at soil pH of 6.0 for sensitive varieties and 5.5 for tolerant varieties. About 35% of the region had pH limiting to dual‐purpose and 28% to grain‐only production. Liming could improve grain‐only statewide yield in 0.14 Mg ha−1 and revenue in US$19 ha−1, and adoption of tolerant varieties could increase yield in 0.11 Mg ha−1 and revenue in $10 ha−1. Liming could improve dual‐purpose revenue in $37 ha−1 and variety selection in $28 ha−1 due to improved yield and forage. Potential additional statewide wheat production resulting from variety selection is 53,800 Mg and from liming 82,500 Mg. Our protocol can be used to aid development of agricultural policies and research prioritization at regional levels where acidic soils are prevalent.
Hydrologic and Geochemical Research at Pinios Hydrologic Observatory: Initial Results
Authors: Pisinaras Vassilios , Panagopoulos Andreas , Herrmann Frank , Bogena Heye R. , Doulgeris Charalampos , Ilias Andreas , Tziritis Evangelos , Wendland Frank
Published: November 2018

Core Ideas

Modeled ETo gradients present variations as a function of altitude, annual cycle, and total amount.

A very good match between different soil moisture monitoring devices has been achieved.

Groundwater level monitoring revealed dominant hydrodynamic evolution mechanisms.

Hydrochemical monitoring supports groundwater hydrology findings and reveals pollution sources.

Monitoring the PHO supports accurate hydrologic modeling and sustainable water use.

The Pinios Hydrologic Observatory (PHO) is located in the River Pinios basin, which is one of the most productive basins in Greece. The PHO was established to develop deep knowledge of water balance at the river basin scale and to improve understanding of the major hydrodynamic mechanisms to improve hydrological modeling and ultimately sustainable water resource management. The PHO comprises three meteorological stations, 12 groundwater monitoring sites, and one soil moisture monitoring site, which includes frequency domain reflectometry sensors (SoilNet) and a cosmic‐ray neutron sensor (CRNS) probe. Although the PHO was recently established (at the end of 2015), the preliminary findings from data analysis are promising. Calculated reference evapotranspiration (ETo) gradients demonstrate differences regarding their annual cycle, total amount, and altitude level. Moreover, climate analysis indicates nocturnal mountain‐valley winds. Groundwater level spatial distribution indicates the dominant recharge mechanisms to the alluvial aquifer system. These findings are also supported by the hydrochemical data analysis (electrical conductivity and, secondarily, NO3 distribution). Locally elevated NO3 concentrations are attributed to agricultural activities and call for review of the adopted farming practices. Results from the soil moisture monitoring site indicate a very good match between the CRNS probe and the average SoilNet data. Future perspectives of the PHO include geophysical surveys to accurately delineate the geometry of the groundwater system, the expansion of groundwater and soil moisture observation networks, and the application of the mGROWA hydrologic model to accurately simulate the hydrological processes in the PHO and upscale in the entire River Pinios basin. Finally, in support of the local farmers, we plan to develop and implement a distributed irrigation programming protocol in the entire area of the PHO.
Payments transition in India – consumer preferences and policy shifts
Authors: Kumar N. Subrahmanya , K Puttanna
Published: November 2018

Economic growth should be supplemented by an efficient payment and settlement system. Many attempts have been made to improve the efficiency of payment and settlement system in India. Especially the effort has been in terms of promoting digital economy. But the stickiness to payments through currency notes by the people has had a moderating effect on these efforts. The policy shift of Government of India towards demonetization of higher denomination currency notes has given thrust to digital payments. The study hypothesizes that post demonetization, the payment and settlement system indicators would show moderate to high deviation from the volume and value that can be forecasted using the historical data. Using Automatic ARIMA Forecasting in EViews, the forecasted values for the indicators for a period from November 2016 to March 2018 were estimated based on the historical data of the indicators from April 2011 to October 2016. The forecasted values of the indicators are then compared with the actual values of the indicators to see if they differ significantly by using paired t-test. The study finds evidence to suggest that the policy of demonetization and resultant reduced supply of currency notes has provided impetus to the Indian public to move towards digital platforms, and the increased supply of currency notes thereafter has not led to complete reversal of this shift in this change in consumer preference. This leads to the conclusion that through effective policy shifts, consumer preferences can be altered, and the Indian economy could become a less cash economy.
Application of ensemble empirical mode decomposition based on machine learning methodologies in forecasting monthly pan evaporation
Authors: Rezaie-Balf Mohammad , Kisi Ozgur , Chua Lloyd H. C.
Published: November 2018

Accurate prediction of pan evaporation (PE) is one of the crucial factors in water resources management and planning in agriculture. In this research, two hybrid models, self-adaptive time-frequency methodology, ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) coupled with support vector machine (EEMD-SVM) and EEMD model tree (EEMD-MT), were employed to forecast monthly PE. The EEMD-SVM and EEMD-MT were compared with single SVM and MT models in forecasting monthly PE, measured between 1975 and 2008, at Siirt and Diyarbakir stations in Turkey. The results were evaluated using four assessment criteria, Nash–Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE), root mean square error (RMSE), performance index (PI), Willmott's index (WI), and Legates–McCabe's index (LMI). The EEMD-MT model respectively improved the accuracy of MT by 36 and 44.7% with respect to NSE and WI in the testing stage for the Siirt station. For the Diyarbakir station, the improvements in results were less spectacular, with improvements in NSE (1.7%) and WI (2.2%), respectively, in the testing stage. The overall results indicate that the proposed pre-processing technique is very promising for complex time series forecasting and further studies incorporating this technique are recommended.
Primera época - Año VI, Número 16, enero-abril de 2004
Authors: De San Luis Revista de El Colegio
Published: November 2018

Este número corresponde a la primera época de la Revista de El Colegio de San Luis, denominado VETAS.
Primera época - Año VI, Número 18, septiembre-diciembre de 2004
Authors: De San Luis Revista de El Colegio
Published: November 2018

Este número corresponde a la primera época de la Revista de El Colegio de San Luis, denominado VETAS.
Preparation and Structure of 1,6-Diphenyldispiro[2.1.2.1]octane-4,8-dione
Authors: Voss Jürgen , Röske Rüdiger , Adiwidjaja Gunadi
Published: November 2018

The dimerization of 1-bromo-2-phenylcyclopropanecarbonyl chloride by the use of the
zinc/copper couple selectively leads to anti-trans-1,6-diphenyldispiro[2.1.2.1]octane-4,8-dione, the
structure and configuration of which are proved by X-ray structure analysis.
A Numerical Simulation of Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Al2O3 Nanofluid
Authors: Hussain Taliv , Javed Mohammad T.
Published: November 2018

Introduction:

A numerical study is performed in which the friction factor and forced
convection heat transfer is studied for Al2O3 nanoparticle dispersed in water as a base fluid.

Methods:

Four concentrations of nanofluids in the range of 0-2.5 vol% have been simulated. The
Reynolds Number is varied in the range of 100-500 by varying inlet velocity. Cross flow of air is
assumed over the pipe with air velocity of 2.2 m/s.

Results:

The results depict that the friction factor decreases with an increase in flow rate and increases
with increase in volume concentration. The maximum deviation for friction factor obtained
by simulation from that obtained using Darcy’s relation is about 21.5% for water. Nusselt
number increases with increase in Reynolds Number and nanofluid volume concentration with a
maximum of 7653.68 W/m2 at a nanoparticle concentration of 2.5% and Reynolds Number of
500. Heat transfer rate enhancement of upto 13.6% is obtained as compared to pure water. The
maximum increase in Nusselt Number is about 13.07% for a nanoparticle concentration of 2.5%.

Conclusion:

The simulation results are compared with established relations obtained by other researchers
and there is a good agreement in terms of trends obtained. The deviations from established
relations are also depicted.
Usability Study of Mainstream Wearable Fitness Devices: Feature Analysis and System Usability Scale Evaluation (Preprint)
Authors: Liang Jun , Xian Deqiang , Liu Xingyu , Fu Jing , Zhang Xingting , Tang Buzhou , Lei Jianbo
Published: November 2018

BACKGROUND

Wearable devices have the potential to promote a healthy lifestyle because of their real-time data monitoring capabilities. However, device usability is a critical factor that determines whether they will be adopted on a large scale. Usability studies on wearable devices are still scarce.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to compare the functions and attributes of seven mainstream wearable devices and to evaluate their usability.

METHODS

The wearable devices selected were the Apple Watch, Samsung Gear S, Fitbit Surge, Jawbone Up3, Mi Band, Huawei Honor B2, and Misfit Shine. A mixed method of feature comparison and a System Usability Scale (SUS) evaluation based on 388 participants was applied; the higher the SUS score, the better the usability of the product.

RESULTS

For features, all devices had step counting, an activity timer, and distance recording functions. The Samsung Gear S had a unique sports track recording feature and the Huawei Honor B2 had a unique wireless earphone. The Apple Watch, Samsung Gear S, Jawbone Up3, and Fitbit Surge could measure heart rate. All the devices were able to monitor sleep, except the Apple Watch. For product characteristics, including attributes such as weight, battery life, price, and 22 functions such as step counting, activity time, activity type identification, sleep monitoring, and expandable new features, we found a very weak negative correlation between the SUS scores and price (r=−.10, P=.03) and devices that support expandable new features (r=−.11, P=.02), and a very weak positive correlation between the SUS scores and devices that support the activity type identification function (r=.11, P=.02). The Huawei Honor B2 received the highest score of mean 67.6 (SD 16.1); the lowest Apple Watch score was only 61.4 (SD 14.7). No significant difference was observed among brands. The SUS score had a moderate positive correlation with the user’s experience (length of time the device was used) (r=.32, P<.001); participants in the medical and health care industries gave a significantly higher score (mean 61.1, SD 17.9 vs mean 68.7, SD 14.5, P=.03).

CONCLUSIONS

The functions of wearable devices tend to be homogeneous and usability is similar across various brands. Overall, Mi Band had the lowest price and the lightest weight. Misfit Shine had the longest battery life and most functions, and participants in the medical and health care industries had the best evaluation of wearable devices. The perceived usability of mainstream wearable devices is unsatisfactory and customer loyalty is not high. A consumer’s SUS rating for a wearable device is related to their personal situation instead of the device brand. Device manufacturers should put more effort into developing innovative functions and improving the usability of their products by integrating more cognitive behavior change techniques.
Campesinos sin resolución agraria: la difícil construcción de la gobernanza ambiental en un área natural protegida de Chiapas, México
Authors: Trujillo-Díaz Ana Gabriela , Cruz-Morales Juana , García-Barrios Luis Enrique , Pat Fernández Lucio
Published: November 2018

Las áreas naturales protegidas como instrumentos de conservación de los ecosistemas han ido cobrando mayor importancia ante los organismos internacionales; sin embargo, varias de estas zonas de protección son frecuentemente establecidas sobre territorios ya habitados. Este artículo aborda las implicaciones del decreto de la Reserva de la Biosfera La Sepultura sobre la localidad de Los Laureles. Mediante la metodología cualitativa diacrónica en un estudio de caso y de historias de vida se encontró que el rezago agrario, aunado al decreto de conservación, provocó que dicho poblado fuera catalogado por las autoridades agrarias y ambientales como asentamiento irregular, situación que ocasionó la cancelación de programas gubernamentales y el surgimiento de conflictos entre sus pobladores; estos factores determinaron las dinámicas agraria, social y económico-productiva al propiciar procesos de marginación y exclusión entre los pobladores de la localidad, cuya lucha por permanecer en el territorio involucra sobre todo atender la gobernanza ambiental que emanó del decreto del área natural protegida.
Determination of an Injection Sprayer's Technological Parameters
Authors: Marchenko L. A. , Safonov M. A.
Published: November 2018

Agricultural boom sprayers are equipped with injection sprayers of mainly foreign origin. The main parameters of the injection sprayers shown in the catalogs display the consumption characteristics in cer­tain ranges without taking into account the design parameters.(Research purpose)Determination of the design and technological parameters of an injection sprayer for the introduction of pesticides.(Materials and methods)The injection sprayer belongs to the class of two­phase liquid­gas isothermal jet devices with the formation of an air­gas mixture at the outlet. It has been established that the design model of the working process of an injection sprayer is based both on the laws of the conservation of mass, energy, momentum, as well as theoretical relation­ships in the form of equations describing two­phase jet devices, and empirical relationships characterizing flow parameters, geometric transverse and longitudinal dimensions of the spray channels.(Results and discussion)The following analytical relationships have been obtained: the relative pressure difference generated by an injec­tion sprayer and the volume injection coefficient for different surface area ratios of the working nozzle to the flow section of the sprayer; the ratio between the cross­sectional area of the mixing chamber to the area of the working nozzle outlet and the injection ratio; relative pressure difference and the injection ratio; the ratio be­tween the cross­sectional area of the mixing chamber and the working nozzle and the relative pressure difference. The authors have determined a set of dimensionless pressure characteristics of the injection sprayer for different ratios between the cross­sectional areas of the working nozzle and the mixing chamber. It has been established that the ratio between the cross sections of the mixing chamber area and the working nozzle area increases as the injection ratio increases. It has been shown that for each injection coefficient, there is an achievable relative pressure difference in the injection sprayer.(Conclusions)The authors have proposed the design equations that determine the characteristics of an injection sprayer and its main design parameters – the diameters of nozzle and mixing chambers. They have calculated the main dimensions of the sprayer for aerial top­dressing by introducing working solutions of pesticides.