bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Towards the issue on Ukraine’s compliance with its international obligations to establish the institution of information ombudsman: some conceptual and applied aspects
Authors: Zayarny O.A.
Published: August 2021

In recent decades, one of the priorities for Ukraine in domestic and foreign policy has been to establish and en-sure the high standards of human rights recognized by the Council of Europe.The article examines the obligations of Ukraine as a member state of the Council of Europe in terms of in-troducing an information ombudsman into the system of state bodies. It also analyzes the main world models for functioning of this state institution. The author considers the requirements of the Convention for the Protection of Individuals with Regard to Automatic Processing of Personal Data, the Additional Protocol thereto, as well as the recommendations of the Council of Europe on the principles of formation and operation of information ombudsmen. 

Based on the content of Ukraine’s international obligations as a member state of the Council of Europe, the pa-per proves that the competence of the Information Ombudsman should mainly extend to legal relations concerning access to public information and protection of personal data. Special attention is paid to the shortcomings and advantages of each of the world’s most common models of in-formation ombudsmen. The author also identifies the features of the content of the competence of this body, as well as outlines the main means of its activities. In addition, the article considers the ways in which Ukraine fulfills the obligations of a member state of the Council of Europe related to the establishment of an information ombudsman, and defines the criteria for the effective implementation of these obligations.According to the results of the study, it is substantiated that the most optimal model for functioning of the infor-mation ombudsman for Ukraine is its formation as an independent collegial central executive body with a special status, which should be answerable to the President of Ukraine and accountable to the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. Along with this, the article proves the need to combine control and regulatory powers in the structure of the competence of the information ombudsman. The author also proves the need to empower this body with administrative and jurisdictional functions. It is proposed to impose on the Information Ombudsman the obligations of the authorized body in the field of cross-border processing of personal data.
Legal nature and place of judicial precedent in the system of sources of law of Ukraine
Authors: Ivanyura I.S. , Shevchenko D.V , Sivets A.S.
Published: August 2021

This article is devoted to the analysis of the essence of judicial precedent as a source of law in Ukraine, its legal nature and the definition of the place among the sources of national law. The issue of judicial precedent, its role has worried many scholars of the Soviet Union, and now it is the focus of many scholars and is central to the study of jurisprudence. Given the determination of the place of precedent among the sources of law, a general analysis of the system of sources of law in Ukraine is conducted.

During the analysis the structure of judicial precedent is considered on the example of the decision of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine, several alternative definitions of the term "judicial precedent" are given. Some scholars suggest that "judicial precedent" is a decision based on a general rule of law created by a court that courts of the same or lower instance must comply with, and that their decisions in future cases should be based on this rule of law. The article establishes the role of judicial precedent in the legal system of Ukraine, emphasizes its importance in that it significantly increases the motivation of court decisions.

Attention is also paid to the decision of the European Court of Human Rights - a typical example of judicial precedent - as a mandatory source of law in Ukraine. Emphasis is placed on the positive and negative consequences of the official recognition of judicial precedent as a source of law in Ukraine. Considerable attention is also paid to the decisions of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine and the legal positions of the Supreme Court.

The authors emphasize the recommendatory nature, in addition to the precedents of the European Court of Human Rights, judicial precedent as a source of law. This is confirmed by the thesis that the rule of law can be reflected in laws and regulations, as judicial precedent is not officially recognized as a source of law in Ukraine, it is believed that court decisions do not create rules of law. The authors emphasize the need for recognition at the legislative level of judicial precedent as a source of law.
Administrative and legal status of the National Agency of Ukraine for Detection, Investiga- tion and Management of Assets Obtained from Corruption and Other Crimes
Authors: Kramar R.І.
Published: August 2021

In the work, using general and special scientific research methods, and the specific combination de-pends on the purpose and objectives of the study. The use of methods of formal logic makes it possible to define, clarify and supplement certain concepts and supplement certain terminological categories and, accordingly, to sys-tematize the conceptual and categorical apparatus. Methods of formal logic and logic of essence, as well as methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, analogy and induction are also used. The scientific novelty of this article is that it is the result of scientific research on a number of problematic issues of the administrative and legal status of ARMA. The author concludes that the administrative and legal status of the National Agency of Ukraine for Detection, Investigation and Management of Assets Obtained from Corruption and Other Crimes is based on powers in the field of property confiscation management and successful implementation of relevant EU practice in Ukrainian legislation. These powers are not just a typical regulatory state activity, they form fundamen-tally new mechanisms of public-private partnership, which have no analogues in Ukraine so far. The consequence of the implementation of these powers was the creation of a new market for services for the management of seized property, as well as a stock market for seized property, different from the market for confiscated property. In the future, it would be interesting to examine the case law on appealing decisions on the transfer of financial assets to the management of ARMA. As well as expanding the powers of the National Agency of Ukraine for the detection, search and management of assets derived from corruption and other crimes
Coordination of law enforcement agencies’ activites in the sphere of drug criminality counteraction
Authors: Stupnyk Y.V. , Bilash O.V. , Danko V.Y.
Published: August 2021

The article deals with the concepts and forms of coordination of the activities of law enforcement agencies in the field of combating drug crime. It is determined that coordination is important because this activity is done through the concerted efforts of different actors. These include public authorities at various levels, non-state actors repre-senting the interests of civil society, as well as individual citizens through various forms of self-organization of the population that can effectively counteract the illicit trafficking of drugs, provided that their activities are optimally coordinated. However, under domestic conditions, for a long time, it is not possible to make an effective choice of coordinator as a subject, which fully coordinates the sectoral activity of all involved in the process of combating drug abuse of institutions and organizations. Summarizing the material available on this issue, the authors identified certain trends in solving this issue. According to the results of the analysis, an organizational model was proposed, where the role of the coordinator of anti-narcotic activities was assigned to the Interagency Interaction Center in the sphere of combating criminal drug trafficking, which would operate under the Department of Combating Nar-cotics of the National Police of Ukraine. Assessing the role of the prosecutor’s office as an organizer of the fight against crime in general, including criminal drug trafficking, it is stated that this agency is intended to coordinate the activities of all law enforcement agencies in the implementation of their various functions of criminal justice, that is, on a wide range of tasks. The authors emphasize that there is also a need to coordinate search operations as the most effective law enforcement function in the field of combating criminal drug trafficking. The authors consider the National Police of Ukraine Department of Drug Crime to be the optimal working body to ensure coordination of actions of all these operational units of law enforcement agencies, as having in its arsenal strategic and tactical approaches of joint operational work in the sphere of criminal drug trafficking. At the same time, these units will not lose their position as a subject of ARD in the anti-narcotic sphere. It is emphasized that the implementation of the proposed coordination mechanism in the practice of law enforcement agencies in a qualified and professional approach to its application will serve to increase the efficiency of coordination activities, requiring law enforcement agencies to apply modern methods of coordination, correct definition of strategy and tactics of interaction on coun-teraction, counteraction cases of substitution and duplication.
Fundamental values of European legal culture in the provisions of the polish constitution 1791
Authors: Kachur V.O.
Published: August 2021

The article reveals the importance of legal culture for the social and state life of any country and for ensuring the life of both an individual and social groups, communities and humanity as a whole, which is due to its ability to involve a person in the system of legal values, accumulate legal experience and transfer it from generation to generation.

It is noted that the European legal culture, in addition to natural rights, democracy, the rule of law, has other values that ensure the sustainable development of society, social justice and legal progress. It is emphasized that the analysis of legal monuments, which are so rich in European state-legal history, helps to trace the evolution of the formation of value-legal guidelines in modern Europe.

Based on the analysis of the text of the Polish Constitution of 1791, those provisions that contain the fundamental values of European legal culture that have become value guidelines for the further state-legal development of Poland are highlighted. All values that stem from their content are divided into two groups: 1) values that reflect the value guidelines of the Polish society of that time (patriotism, religious tolerance, freedom, dignity, equality, property, inviolability of legal certainty, people); 2) values that reflect value guidelines for the organization of state power (the principle of sovereignty of the people, the principle of separation of powers, the principle of popular representation, the constancy of the constitution, the principle of majority, the principle of political responsibility).

According to the results of the study, the Polish Constitution of 1791 is an example of an amazing symbiosis of traditions and innovations, when such progressive values as patriotism, religious tolerance, people, territorial integrity, freedom, the principle of sovereignty of the people, the principle of separation of powers, political responsibility, the principle of popular representation, the principle of majority coexist with traditional estate privileges and the institution of dependent peasants. It is indicated about the special attitude of the Polish people to this document as a certain state symbol.
Problematic issues of appealing against the decision of the investigating judge, the court on sending a person to a medical institution for a psychiatric assessment
Authors: Tyshchenko O.I.
Published: August 2021

The article reveals the problem of appealing against the decision of the investigating judge, the court on sending a person to a medical institution for a psychiatric assessment, in particular: a) it is stated that sending a person to a medical institution for assessment is a form of restriction of his or her constitutional right to liberty, which is equivalent to detention. It is proposed to amend the Criminal Procedure Code (hereinafter – the CPC), which provides for the right to a separate appeal against a court decision on sending a person to a medical institution for assessment, decided in court before the court decision on the merits. The lack of possibility to appeal against such a court decision creates a potential danger of illegal restriction of a person’s constitutional right to liberty and security during their placement in a medical institution for the inpatient forensic psychiatric assessment (hereinafter – the IFPA), which violates the essence of the right to judicial protection; b) it is proved that the decision of the investigating judge, the court to send a person to a medical institution for the IFPA may limit not only the rights of the suspect, accused, but thus also affect the legitimate interests of others who do not have procedural status in criminal proceedings. It is determined the expediency of granting the right to appeal the said court decision to the victim and other persons whose interests it concerns; c) it is noted that the mechanism of prolongation of the term of the IFPA is not regulated in the domestic criminal procedural law, however judges continue it in the absence of a legislative basis. Therefore, it is expressed the scientific position on the rationality of appealing not only the decision of the investigating judge, but also the court’s decision to extend the term for sending a person to a medical institution for assessment.
Documentary confirmation of the legal status of a lawyer as a necessary condition for realization the right to request
Authors: Zaborovsky V.V. , Manzyuk V.V.
Published: August 2021

This research is devoted to the disclosure of problematic issues related to the practical implementation of one of the basic professional rights of a lawyer, which is an integral attribute of all advocacy, namely the right to request a lawyer.In the framework of this article a theoretical and applied study of different approaches of scientists, as well as the position of the legislator on the need for documentary proof of his status in order to exercise his legal right to request, as well as analyzes the requirements for the form and content of lawyers’ inquiries and possible ways. sending. The position is argued, according to which it is expedient to enshrine at the legislative level a provision according to which it is not necessary to confirm the request with documents certifying the lawyer’s authority, taking into account the need to comply with the requirement of legal secrecy. which does not depend on the acquisition of the status of a defense counsel or a representative lawyer.To achieve this goal, the authors used methods specific to legal science. The study was conducted using a dia-lectical method of cognition of legal reality, which provided an opportunity to analyze the essence of the right of a lawyer to request, while the use of system-structural method provided an opportunity to determine the general structure of work, which contributed to the proper disclosure of practical obstacles. rights.Based on the study, the authors conclude that the lawyer’s request should contain data confirming the connec-tion of the requested documents (information) or their copies with the provision of legal assistance, and the lawyer should not forget that for abuse of this right can be applied disciplinary liability.
The theory of the executive process and its conceptual apparatus
Authors: Fursa S.Ya. , Fursa E.I.
Published: August 2021

The article reveals the essence of the science of executive process as one of the branches of general science of law, which is a theoretical views, opinions, ideas, theories, concepts, concepts in the field of executive procedural relations, based on Ukrainian legislation, international law, achievements other countries in this field, which studies the patterns of origin, history of development and functioning of enforcement proceedings and executive procedural legal relations, their essence, place in the legal system, the role of social functions and the principles of their regu-lation and analyzes them makes development forecasts and proposals for the implementation of scientific forecasts to the legislation on enforcement proceedings and examines the organizational issues of such activities. With regard to the procedural part, the following components should be distinguished in the theory of enforcement proceedings:

1. Enforcement acts as a basis for enforcement proceedings2. Subjects of enforcement proceedings, which in turn are divided into persons:– who enforce decisions;– participants in enforcement proceedings (parties to enforcement proceedings; other interested parties; representatives in enforcement proceedings);– involved in enforcement actions;– persons on the rights that may be affected by the ongoing enforcement proceedings3. General conditions for enforcement proceedings;4. General rules of enforcement proceedings;5. Special rules for enforcement proceedings.6. Transnational enforcement process.The subject and object of science are revealed. Significant attention is paid to the conceptual apparatus, in particular, such concepts as enforcement proceedings, enforcement proceedings, debtor, debt collector, voluntary, enforcement of decisions, etc. are formulated. The essence of the method of legal regulation of public relations in enforcement proceedings as a «method of sanctioned coercion» due to the specifics of the activities of executors in the enforcement of court decisions and decisions of other bodies (officials).
Types of international judicial institutions and their role in ensuring the right to judicial protection
Authors: Darmin M.O.
Published: August 2021

The article is devoted to the study of the types of international judicial institutions and their role in ensuring theright to judicial protection. It is noted that the Manila Declaration provides for a judicial settlement of disputes andarbitration. The International Court of Justice is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations. The InternationalCriminal Court is the permanent body with jurisdiction over persons responsible for particularly serious crimes, inaddition to national criminal jurisdictions. The Inter-American Court of Human Rights is an independent, conven-tional body whose function is to protect human rights in the states of North and South America. The Arab Court ofHuman Rights has not yet begun its work, although the Court’s mandate allows States parties to lodge complaints.The African Court of Human and Peoples’ Rights is an independent body whose purpose is to protect human rightsin African countries. The jurisdiction of the European Court of Human Rights extends to all matters of interpretationand application of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and its protocols.The Court of Justice of the European Union interprets EU law and provides for the settlement of disputes by the EU’snational government-institutions. It is emphasized that regional judicial institutions are designed to protect the rightsand freedoms of man and citizen. They are part of a subsidiary human rights protection mechanism that can be applied once all national remedies have been exhausted. Recourse to the International Court of Justice or arbitration isnot an unfriendly act in relations between states, but on the contrary indicates the use of peaceful means of dispute settlement. Unlike other international courts, only international criminal tribunals can be joined in a single proceeding.
The legal nature of soft law acts of the Council of Europe
Authors: Yamelska H.Yu.
Published: August 2021

The article examines the effectiveness of soft law as a regulator of legal relations between the member states of the Council of Europe. Existing approaches to the definition of soft law are analyzed.Author proposes to separate from the traditional conception of international law as a system of universally binding norms developed by states, taking into account postmodern trends in the transformation of national legal systems. Soft law is recognized as a real form of modern international law that has legal consequences. The article appoints the sources that make up the soft law within the legal system of the Council of Europe.The influence of soft law acts of the Council of Europe bodies on the legislation of Ukraine is investigated. Pros-pects for the development of soft law in the research area are determined.The role of “soft law” acts is presented on the example of the acts of the Venice Commission (European Com-mission for Strengthening Democracy through Law) and the European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, which are specialized agencies of the Council of Europe.Examples of the impact of soft law acts of the Council of Europe on the national legal systems of the partici-pating countries are analyzed. Their axiological influence on the democratization of national legal systems and the formation of human-centered legal ideology in Europe has been determined. The article determines the orientation of the parliaments and governments of the member states of the Council of Europe on the acts of soft law of its bodies in the legislation. The place of soft law acts of the bodies of the Council of Europe in the system of sources of international and national law is considered through the prism of the sociological school of law.
Detection of Subclinical Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation and Its Correlation with Candidate Genes in Patients with Cryptogenic Ischemic Stroke and TIA
Authors: Petrovicova A , Kurca E , Andrasova A , Bernatova J , Blasko P , Burjanivova T , Duris T , Grendar M , Hasilla J , Malicherova B , Nosal V , Obona P , Patrovic L , Sivak S , Snopek P , Svetlosak M , Vahala P , Cierny D
Published: August 2021

Introduction: Cardioembolic etiology is assumed to be the most frequent cause of cryptogenic strokes. The detection of subclinical paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) is important in the correct choice of preventive treatment. The aim of this prospective study was to detect the incidence of AF in patients with a cryptogenic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA) and to evaluate the association between the presence of AF and selected single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP).

Methods: Patients with a cryptogenic stroke/ TIA (n=100) and a control group (n=15) of volunteers without significant cardiovascular disease were included in the study during the period of 2014 to 2019. To detect AF they underwent 12 months of ECG monitoring using an implanted loop recorder (ILR). Genotyping for SNPs rs10033464, rs2200733, rs225132, and rs2106261 was performed by a high resolution melting analysis.

Results: We found AF to be present in 24 (24%) patients with a cryptogenic stroke/TIA, versus no subjects in the control group. The SNPs rs2106261, rs2200733, rs225132, and rs10033464 were not found to be associated with AF in our study (p=0.240; 1.000; 0.887; 0.589). However, a weak trend for a higher frequency of rs2106261 risk allele A homozygotes was observed in the patients with AF compared to the patients without AF (0.416 vs. 0.263, p=0.073). Homozygotes for allele A of rs2106261 were also present in a significantly higher frequency in AF patients compared to the controls (0.416 vs. 0.133, p = 0.012).

Conclusion: In our study paroxysmal AF was a probable etiological factor in 24% of patients with cryptogenic ischemic stroke / TIA during the 12 months of monitoring. The homozygous allele A of rs2106261 was identified to be the possible genetic risk factor of AF, but this should be verified in larger cohorts.

The study has been registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT02216370.
Activating Large Lecture Financial Learning: Collaboration and Clickers During Covid-19
Authors: Royer Dan W. , Mcatee Olga
Published: August 2021

This paper examines our approach to teaching a large-lecture personal finance course promoting students’ financial literacy. We identify the context of this course, including the rationale for large-enrolment courses and issues with the format in general, describing how using clickers and active learning strategies results in increased engagement, attendance, and critical thinking. Learning outcomes designed to support student formation of both internal and external views of finance are holistic and expansive, broader than measures of wealth accumulation alone. Moreover, a strategic initiative focused on career readiness aligns specific competencies with course content focused on developing transferrable skills through practical, real-world examples designed to engage problem-solving and critical thinking. This pragmatic and practical focus linked these transferable skills to a framework of learning grounded in the twin concepts of financial capability and competency. Additionally, we address how Covid-19 disrupted these courses, detailing adjustments necessitated by the new reality of social distancing while adjusting our approach to student participation as we met simultaneously in face-to-face and synchronous Zoom sessions. We concluded that additional considerations must include equitable access to resources based on our pandemic experience. Future research should examine these adjustments in light of developing culturally responsive methods to promote equitable learning.
Binding or Non-Binding: Analysing the Nature of the Asean Agreements
Authors: Mahaseth Harsh , Subramaniam Karthik
Published: August 2021

ASEAN has gradually attempted to assert itself as a diplomatic force to reckon with. However, over the recent past, it’s ability to deal with regional issues and situations has come under scrutiny. This paper argues that the reason behind such lack of clear decision making arises from the large presence of Soft Law nomenclature in ASEAN agreements, resulting in the lack of any Hard Law obligations on these nations. The paper attempts to highlight the lack of clarity in the nomenclature used in ASEAN agreements, the problems that arise from the same, and the possible reasoning behind the usage of such nomenclature. In conclusion, the paper provides a few solutions and recommendations that could be adopted by the ASEAN community of nations to establish themselves as an economic community.
“This Content is not Available in your Country” A General Summary on Geo-Blocking in and Outside the European Union
Authors: Hamuľák Ondrej , Kiss Lilla Nóra , Gábriš Tomáš , Kocharyan Hovsep
Published: August 2021

The phenomenon of geo-blocking is one of the new challenges of the digital era. Geo-blocking is a modern form of discrimination that differentiates between consumers on the basis of their geographical location. The phenomenon ultimately affects the situation of the citizen concerned and may also constitute an obstacle to the single market. Digital time has put a number of issues to be resolved on the legislator’s table in recent years, one of which is the phenomenon of geo-blocking. Already in 2015, the European Commission led by Juncker (2014–2019) adopted the Digital Single Market (DSM) strategy, which marked the European Union’s (EU) path towards innovation by creating a new digital dimension of the Single Market. In order to achieve the DSM strategy and the digital objectives, a number of legislative acts have been put in place to address the elements of the DSM and exploit the benefits of technological modernisation. The geo-blocking phenomenon is presented in this study, partly in terms of practical aspects and partly with regard to the geo-blocking regulation. The Ursula von der Leyen-led Commission (2019–2024) identifies “a Europe fit for the digital age” among its six priorities. Among the priorities, the “promotion of a European way of life”, must be linked to the digital priorities, as our smart tools and our digital presence are becoming an integral part of our lives – and our common way of life – especially at this time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Innovation has also been accelerated by the current exceptional situation, the health emergency caused by COVID-19, forcing us to work remotely, remote contacts and the constant use of our smart tools. The realisation of digital well-being is therefore also an integral part of our lifestyle. In the intersection of digitalisation and development and the promotion of a common European way of life, we can find a single market in which we can experience a significant aspect of our European way of life – the free movements and cross-border transactions – even through our online presence. The internal market is the dimension for the proper functioning of which the Union institutions can adopt a legislative act. In addition, measures taken to remove barriers and remove obstacles are essential for the functioning of the internal market. Joint action against geo-blocking as an internal market barrier will also play a role in creating digital prosperity by promoting the proper functioning of the internal market by promoting e-commerce and electronic content access. The aim of the study on the one hand is to present issues related to geo-blocking in a brief and descriptive manner from the perspective of the social, economic and legal environment linked to the internal market. On the other hand, the study briefly presents the legal environment of geo-blocking in the USA, Russia, China and Japan.
Occurrence of marine biotoxins in bivalve molluscs available in Poland in 2014–2018
Authors: Madejska Anna , Osek Jacek
Published: August 2021

Introduction

Marine biotoxins are toxic substances that may cause illness and death in marine organisms and humans. This article disseminates the results of a 4-year study on the occurrence of marine biotoxins in raw bivalve molluscs purchased from Polish suppliers.

Material and Methods

A total of 256 samples of 8 different molluscs species were analysed for the presence of biotoxins using the ELISA method for paralytic shellfish poison, diarrhoetic shellfish poison, and amnaesic shellfish poison.

Results

The permitted limits of marine biotoxin content were not exceeded in any of the analysed samples and the majority of them were free from these compounds.

Conclusion

The results of the study indicate that the tested raw bivalve molluscs available in Poland were safe for consumers.
The The Classification of Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) Bacteria Based on K-Nearest Neighbor
Authors: Fitri Zilvanhisna Emka , Sahenda Lalitya Nindita , Puspitasari Pramuditha Shinta Dewi , Destarianto Prawidya , Rukmi Dyah Laksito , Imron Arizal Mujibtamala Nanda
Published: August 2021

Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) is an infectious disease. One of the performance indicators of infectious disease control and handling programs is disease discovery. However, the problem that often occurs is the limited number of medical analysts, the number of patients, and the experience of medical analysts in identifying bacterial processes so that the examination is relatively longer. Based on these problems, an automatic and accurate classification system of bacteria that causes Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) was created. The research process is preprocessing images (color conversion and contrast stretching), segmentation, feature extraction, and KNN classification. The parameters used are bacterial count, area, perimeter, and shape factor. The best training data and test data comparison is 90%: 10% of 480 data. The KNN classification method is very good for classifying bacteria. The highest level of accuracy is 91.67%, precision is 92.4%, and recall is 91.7% with three variations of K values, namely K = 3, K = 5, and K = 7.
Dempster Shafer Algorithm For Expert System Early Detection of Anxiety Disorders
Authors: Okmayura Finanta , Vitriani Vitriani , Novalia Melly
Published: August 2021

Anxiety is an excessive anxiety disorder that is often found in psychology. Some people generally do not realize that they may have symptoms of this anxiety disorder. If ignored and continued continuously, it can interfere with one's activities, reduce academic achievement, and disrupt psychological conditions that affect their lives. This expert system for early detection of anxiety disorders is carried out using forward chaining tracing techniques to explore the knowledge base, and the inference motor is the Dempster Shafer algorithm. Dempster Shafer calculation is done by combining symptom pieces to calculate the possibility of the anxiety disorder. This anxiety disorder detection system is built on the web. Then the test is carried out by comparing the value generated by the system with the value generated by two experts. The test results prove that the value generated by the system has a similarity of 85% to the value produced by the two experts. It can be concluded that implementing the Dempster Shafer algorithm for this expert system in the early detection of anxiety disorders is feasible.
Features of surgical tactics for injuries of abdominal and retroperitoneal major veins (review of literature)
Authors: Maskin S. S. , Aleksandrov V. V. , Matyukhin Matyukhin V. V.
Published: August 2021

Injuries of abdominal and retroperitoneal major veins, especially in combination with pelvic fractures, are accompanied by high mortality and require further improvement of treatment tactics. The objective of the study was to analyze the data from Russian and foreign literature for improving the treatment of patients with injuries of the major abdominal veins, including pelvic bone fractures, by General surgeons. The article considers treatment options for patients with damage to major abdominal veins, describes the methods of temporary and final hemostasis, features of temporary prosthetics and vascular suture, and considers indications for endovascular interventions. CONCLUSION. Indications for endovascular methods of treatment of injuries of abdominal and retroperitoneal major veins are expanded. For general surgeons, knowledge of rational approaches and methods of temporary and final hemostasis is necessary to save the life of the sufferer.
Methodology for assessing the severity of diffuse peritonitis and prognosis of relaparotomy
Authors: Sigua B. V. , Zemlyanoy V. P. , Petrov S. V. , Ignatenko V. A. , Kotkov P. A.
Published: August 2021

INTRODUCTION. The problem of treating patients with peritonitis has always been and still remains relevant in surgery. Moreover, aspects of treating patients with tertiary peritonitis requiring repeated interventions are of particular importance. The OBJECTIVE of this work was to develop and evaluate the clinical effectiveness of a score-prognostic scale that allows to identify groups of patients with a high risk of persistent surgical infection in the abdominal cavity, in which a single intervention cannot be considered effective even despite the elimination of the primary surgical infection focus.

METHODS AND MATERIALS. To achieve the goal, a correlation was evaluated between a number of factors and the likelihood of relaparotomy in a retrospective group consisting of 111 patients with secondary peritonitis. Based on the achieved data, score-prognostic scale for assessing the severity of peritonitis was developed, which allowed to formulate an algorithm of surgical tactics, which was used in the treatment of 109 patients. A group of 34 people with a high risk of tertiary peritonitis development was allocated from the number of patients – of which 20 patients had a total number of 39 planned surgical interventions.

RESULTS. The use of the developed scale led to an increase in the total number of surgical interventions, however, reducing postoperative mortality by 1.7 times (p = 0.001) mainly due to improved survival rates in the group of patients with severe forms of peritonitis.

CONCLUSION. The obtained results allowed to recommend the developed integral prognostic scale for assessing the severity of peritonitis for use in clinical practice.
Forms of sternal reconstruction in oncology
Authors: Kurilchik A. A. , Usachev V. S. , Ivanov V. E. , Starodubtsev A. L. , Zubarev A. L.
Published: August 2021

INTRODUCTION. Chest wall tumors represent a variety of morphological forms and variants of lesions. According to different authors, primary malignant tumors of the chest wall account for 0.2–2 % of all malignant neoplasms. Of them, soft tissue sarcomas constitute about 45 %. Metastatic tumors of the chest wall occur much more frequently and most commonly develop from malignant tumors of the mammary, prostate and thyroid glands, lungs, kidneys and ovaries.

MATERIALS AND METHODS. The standard of the treatment of primary and metastatic tumors of the chest wall is combination or comprehensive therapy. In some cases, preoperative care allows to create a more favorable environment for performing surgical treatment being considered the best option for chest wall tumors. The choice of a technique for the replacement of the post-resection chest wall defect is of special importance to preserve the physiological chest volume, to restore chest rigidity, to prevent paradoxical respiration and to seal the pleural cavity.

RESULTS. There are different surgical techniques for skeleton reconstruction. A wide range of materials used for a skeleton reconstruction include bone tissues obtained from patient’s own body (bone autoplasty, autografts), polymeric mesh (polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene (Gore-Tex), bone cement (polymethyl methacrylate), stainless steel and titanium constructions as well as titanium bars and rib clips (STRATOS). In spite of a large number of techniques for sternal reconstruction described in the literature, searching for new materials and ways of their usage appears relevant.

CONCLUSION. Our clinical case studies demonstrate that modern reconstructive techniques combined with careful surgical planning allow to perform radical surgery with a successful outcome preventing serious postoperative complications.
Real and predicted lung function after anatomical lung resections (review of literature)
Authors: Akopov A. L. , Cherny S. M. , Mishra R. P. , Kovalev M. G.
Published: August 2021

The function of the respiratory parenchyma remaining after lung resection is one of the determining factors of the immediate result of the operation and the postoperative quality of life. A number of studies have been conducted to objectify the preoperative prognosis of the functional safety limit of thoracic interventions using a variety of methods and formulas. Unfortunately, until now, there is no convincing data on the correctness of at least one of the proposed methods for predicting respiratory function. The process of rehabilitation of postoperative ventilation function in the lungs is affected not only by the volume of parenchymal resection, but also by the area of resection, the method and trauma of access, the severity of emphysema, intraoperative trauma of mediastinal structures, postoperative progression of pulmonary fibrosis, etc., and video assisted surgery and segmental resections do not provide an obvious functional advantage in the long term after operations. During the first year after anatomical resection of the lung, functional indicators usually improve. Reasons (or reason) of such improvements are not always clear and may be associated with compensatory growth of the pulmonary parenchyma in a number of patients.
Virtual Symposium Designed as an Innovative Approach to Disseminate Leadership Development Content
Authors: Fierke Kerry K , Maxwell Whitney D , Zumach Gregory M
Published: August 2021

The American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy (AACP) Leadership Development Special Interest Group (LD SIG) embarked upon a one-week virtual symposium (VS) across three years. The purpose of the VS was to disseminate leadership content, case studies, and various topics of interest utilizing technology. This electronic format provided a new communication approach to facilitate content and discussion of leadership materials amongst faculty colleagues nationally.
The VS allowed participants to gain knowledge and skills to address leadership development in a timely, flexible manner that can be challenging during in-person professional meetings and conferences due to conflicting programming and travel limitations. Evaluators across each of the VS (100%) indicated that they either agreed or strongly agreed with the scaled evaluative statements that the video presentations met their educational needs.
AKUT APANDİSİT OLGULARINDA YAŞ GRUPLARI ARASINDA NÖTROFİL/LENFOSİT ORANLARI İLE HİSTOPATOLOJİK TANI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN İNCELENMESİ
Authors: BİLGİÇ Tayfun , SÜRMELİOĞLU Ali
Published: August 2021

Amaç: Bu çalışmada akut apandisit tanısı ile opere edilen 65 yaş altı ve 65 yaş üstü hastalarda kan sayımı parametreleri, C- reaktif protein değeri, nötrofil/lenfosit oranları ve patolojik apandisit tanısının ilişkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Hastanemizde 2018-2020 yılları arasında akut apandisit tanısı ile opere edilmiş hastalar çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Hastalar 18-64 yaş ve 65 yaş üstü olarak iki gruba ayrılarak çalışma grubu oluşturulmuştur. Hastalara ait veriler hasta dosyalarından elde edilmiştir.Bulgular: Hastanemizde opere edilen 18-64 yaş arası 119 kişi genç gruba ve 65 yaş ve üzeri 30 kişi yaşlı gruba dahil edilmiş olup toplamda 149 kişi çalışmaya katılmıştır. Nötrofil/lenfosit oranına bakıldığında; genç gruptaki hastaların yaşlı gruptaki hastalara göre daha yüksek nötrofil/ lenfosit oranına sahip olduğu görüldü (p=0.021). C-reaktif protein değerlerinin yaşlı grupta yer alan hastalarda genç gruptaki hastalara göre daha yüksek olduğu saptandı (p=0.009). Sonuç: Nötrofil/lenfosit oranı ve C-reaktif protein değerleri akut apandisit tanısı için erken inflamatuvar belirteçlerdir. Altmış beş yaş altında nötrofil/lenfosit oranı değerinin, 65 yaş üstünde ise C-reaktif protein değerinin anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür.
DİREKT ETKİLİ ANTİVİRAL TEDAVİ ALAN KRONİK HEPATİT C HASTALARINDA ALFA FETOPROTEİN SONUÇLARININ DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ
Authors: AKTAŞ Ahmet , ALTİNKAYA Engin
Published: August 2021

Amaç: Kronik hepatit C tanılı hastalarda doğrudan etkili antiviral ilaç tedavisi sonrasında nekroinflamasyonun bir göstergesi olan alfa fetoprotein değerinde meydana gelen değişimi saptamaktır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmamızda Ocak 2015 ile Ocak 2020 tarihleri arasında Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Gastroenteroloji Bilim Dalı Polikliniğinde değerlendirilip kronik hepatit C tanısı ile direkt etkili antiviral tedavi başlanan 294 hastanın verileri retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. Aldıkları direkt etkili antiviral tedavilerine göre; Sofosbuvir/Ledipasvir ± Ribavirin tedavisi alan hastalar 1. grup (n=114), Paritaprevir + Ritonavir/Ombitasvir ± Dasabuvir ± Ribavirin tedavisi alan hastalar 2. grup (n=180) olarak iki ana grupta değerlendirilmiştir.Bulgular: Hastaların tedavi öncesindeki ortalama alfa fetoprotein değeri 8.25±10.82 ng/ml, tedavi bitimindeki ortalama alfa fetoprotein değeri ise 5.14±10.80 ng/ml olarak saptanmış ve bu değişim istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0.01). Birinci grupta tedavi bitimindeki alfa fetoprotein değerinde tedavi öncesi değere göre anlamlı düşme gözlenirken (p<0.01), 2. grupta hafif düşme gözlenmiş; ancak bu düşüş istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmamıştır (p=0.175).Sonuç: Çalışmamızda kronik hepatit C tanılı hastalarda güncel antiviral tedaviler ile nekroinflamasyonun bir göstergesi olan alfa fetoprotein değerlerinde gerileme olduğu saptanmış ve direkt etkili antiviral ile tedavi sonrası erken dönemde fibroziste anlamlı iyileşme olduğu görülmüştür.
ANALISIS PUTARAN IDEAL BLOWER PADA MESIN PENGUPAS KOPI TIPE HAMMER MILL DENGAN KAPASITAS KUPAS 90 KG PER JAM
Authors: Yanti Febri
Published: August 2021

Kopi gelondangan yang diterima dari petani mempunyai kadar air 22 %. Kopi gelondongan ini kemudian di proses agat menjadi biji kopi dengan kadar air 12 %. Kopi gelondongan dari petani dimasukkan ke rumah pengering (drying house) yang merupakan bagian dari mesin oven. Mesin oven ini memliki temperatur maksimum 60 C dengan suhu uangan 21,2 C, setelah itu kopi akan dikupas pada mesin pengupas jenis Hammer Mill System yang mempunyai kapasitas 90 kg/jam. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian sesungguhnya (true experiment), hal ini berdasarkan pertimbangan sederhana bahwa penelitian dilaksanakan untuk meneliti puratan ideal blower pada mesin pengupas kopi tipe Hammer mill. Hasil penelitian sebagai berikut: 1). Putaran blower yang ideal untuk mesin pengupas kopi tipe Hammer mill yaitu 1.576,27 rpm berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan yaitu terhadap 1000 gram biji dan kulit kopi, maka pada penadahan biji terdapat kulit sebanyak 2 gram sedangkan pada penadah kulit terdapat biji sebanyak 3 gram 2). Kapasitas pengupasan kulit tetap yaiut 90 kg/jam 3). Dengan berubahnya putaran blower, maka diameter pulli yang digunakan adalah: a. Diameter pulli motor (dp) 300 mm b. Diameter pulli pemukul (Dp) 221,4 mm c. Diameter pulli pemukul (d2) 93 mm d. Diameter pulli blower (d3) 118 mm 4). Untuk poros tetap menggunakan yang ada, karena poros tersebut aman digunakan dengan poros yang ada yaitu: a. Diameter poros motor (ds) 18 mm b. Diameter poros pemukul (ds2) 25mm c. Diameter poros blower (ds3) 20 mm.
DESAIN BELT CONVEYOR UNTUK PENCURAHAN MATERIAL DENGAN KAPASITAS 125 TON PER JAM, LEBAR SABUK 400 MM DAN VOLUME ANGKUT 96,154 TON PER JAM
Authors: Farizal Hamimi
Published: August 2021

Pesawat angkat jenis hoesting machine dipergunakan ntuk mengangkat atau memindahkan muatan yang berjumlah tertentu secara sekaligus. Jenis ini meliputi antara lain crane, wrench, dongkrak, dan sebagainya, sedangkan jenis conveying machine diperguakan untuk memindahkan atau mengangkat muatan dalam satuan unit dan berlangsung kontinyu atau terus-menerus. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian belt conveyor didapatkan data sebagai berikut: a. Kapasitas (kapasitas angkut (Q) 125 ton/jam, kapasitas per meter (g) 0,0434 ton/m, volume angkut per jam (v) 96,154 ton/jam; b. Sabuk (lebar sabuk (B) 400 mm, tebal sabuk (?) 6 mm, panjang sabuk 22.000 mm); c. Puli (diameter puli (Dp) 375 mm, panjang puli (Lp) 500 mm, putaran puli (np) 40 rpm; d. Rol penumpu (diameter (Dr) 108 mm, panjang (Lr) 500 mm; d. Frame (standarisasi SII.0233-79, baja canai bertepi bulat canai panas dengn simbol V-60, bahan BJ34); e. Motor penggerak (motor listrik merk HITACHI, tipe TFC, 3-phase 200-600V, 50/60 Hz IEC Standard, frame size TFOL 132 MF, daya output: 7,5 Kw - 4 pole, putaran 800 rpm); f. Reduction Gear (merk produksi bellpony, perbandingan transimisi 1/20, daya input 17,82 Kw, tipe PA 50, putaran input 800 rpm).