bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Candidate protein biomarkers in chronic kidney disease: a proteomics study
Authors: Makhammajanov Zhalaliddin , Kabayeva Assem , Auganova Dana , Tarlykov Pavel , Bukasov Rostislav , Turebekov Duman , Kanbay Mehmet , Molnar Miklos Z. , Kovesdy Csaba P. , Abidi Syed Hani , Gaipov Abduzhappar
Published: June 2024

Proteinuria poses a substantial risk for the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its related complications. Kidneys excrete hundreds of individual proteins, some with a potential impact on CKD progression or as a marker of the disease. However, the available data on specific urinary proteins and their relationship with CKD severity remain limited. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the urinary proteome and its association with kidney function in CKD patients and healthy controls. The proteomic analysis of urine samples showed CKD stage-specific differences in the number of detected proteins and the exponentially modified protein abundance index for total protein (p = 0.007). Notably, specific urinary proteins such as B2MG, FETUA, VTDB, and AMBP exhibited robust negative associations with kidney function in CKD patients compared to controls. Also, A1AG2, CD44, CD59, CERU, KNG1, LV39, OSTP, RNAS1, SH3L3, and UROM proteins showed positive associations with kidney function in the entire cohort, while LV39, A1BG, and CERU consistently displayed positive associations in patients compared to controls. This study suggests that specific urinary proteins, which were found to be negatively or positively associated with the kidney function of CKD patients, can serve as markers of dysfunctional or functional kidneys, respectively.
The effect of dialysis modality on annual mortality: A prospective cohort study
Authors: Kim Yae Hyun , Kim Yeonjin , Ha Nayoung , Cho Jang-Hee , Kim Yon Su , Kang Shin-Wook , Kim Nam-Ho , Yang Chul Woo , Kim Yong-Lim , Lee Jung Pyo , Lee Woojoo , Oh Hyung Jung
Published: June 2024

Despite numerous studies on the effect of each dialysis modality on mortality, the issue remains controversial. We investigated the hazard rate of mortality in patients with incident end-stage renal disease (ESRD) concerning initial dialysis modality (hemodialysis vs. peritoneal dialysis). Using a nationwide, multicenter, prospective cohort in South Korea, we studied 2207 patients, of which 1647 (74.6%) underwent hemodialysis. We employed the weighted Fine and Gray model over the follow-up period using inverse probability of treatment and censoring weighting. Landmark analysis was used for identifying the changing effect of dialysis modality on individuals who remained event-free at each landmark point. No significant difference in hazard rate was observed overall. However, the peritoneal dialysis group had a significantly higher hazard rate than the hemodialysis group among patients under 65 years after 4- and 5- year follow-up. A similar pattern was observed among those with diabetes mellitus. Landmark analysis also showed the higher hazard rate for peritoneal dialysis at 2 years for the education-others group and at 3 years for the married group. These findings may inform dialysis modality decisions, suggesting a preference for hemodialysis in young patients with diabetes, especially for follow-ups longer than 3 years.
Evaluation of antimicrobial stewardship activities using antibiotic spectrum coverage
Authors: Tanuma Michiya , Sakurai Takayuki , Nakaminami Hidemasa , Tanaka Masayo
Published: June 2024

Recently, the days of antibiotic spectrum coverage (DASC) using the antibiotic spectrum coverage (ASC) score was reported as a new tool for measuring antimicrobial use. The days of therapy (DOT) are required to calculate the DASC, making it impossible to use when patient-level information is unavailable. Therefore, we have defined a new measure of antimicrobial use for antimicrobial spectrum coverage (AUSC) using antimicrobial use density (AUD) and ASC scores. In this study, we have investigated the use of antimicrobial agents retrospectively examined for monthly prescriptions between 2016 and 2022, and whether the AUSC could be used as a new measure. Our data showed that the AUD, AUSC, DOT, and DASC increased, whereas AUSC/AUD and DASC/DOT decreased over the study period. In addition, no correlation was found between DOT and DASC/DOT (ρ = − 0.093, p = 0.399), whereas there was a weak correlation between AUD and AUSC/AUD (ρ = − 0.295, p = 0.006). Therefore, in this study, the use of AUSC is considered less beneficial when DASC can be calculated based on DOT. On the other hand, in institutional settings where DOT cannot be calculated, AUSC may be useful as a new measure to evaluate antimicrobial use.
Isoflurane anesthesia and sleep deprivation trigger delayed and selective sleep alterations
Authors: Joyce Leesa , Carrillo Mas Clara , Meedt Veronica , Kreuzer Matthias , Schneider Gerhard , Fenzl Thomas
Published: June 2024

Isoflurane anesthesia (IA) partially compensates NREM sleep (NREMS) and not REM sleep (REMS) requirement, eliciting post-anesthetic REMS rebound. Sleep deprivation triggers compensatory NREMS rebounds and REMS rebounds during recovery sleep as a result of the body’s homeostatic mechanisms. A combination of sleep deprivation and isoflurane anesthesia is common in clinical settings, especially prior to surgeries. This study investigates the effects of pre-anesthetic sleep deprivation on post-anesthetic sleep–wake architecture. The effects of isoflurane exposure (90 min) alone were compared with the effects of isoflurane exposure preceded by experimental sleep deprivation (6 h, gentle handling) on recovery sleep in adult mice by studying the architecture of post-anesthetic sleep for 3 consecutive post-anesthetic days. Effects of isoflurane anesthesia on recovery sleep developed only during the first dark period after anesthesia, the active phase in mice. During this time, mice irrespective of preceding sleep pressure, showed NREMS and REMS rebound and decreased wakefulness during recovery sleep. Additionally, sleep deprivation prior to isoflurane treatment caused a persistent reduction of theta power during post-anesthetic REMS at least for 3 post-anesthetic days. We showed that isoflurane causes NREMS rebound during recovery sleep which suggests that isoflurane may not fully compensate for natural NREMS. The study also reveals that isoflurane exposure preceded by sleep deprivation caused a persistent disruption of REMS quality. We suggest that preoperative sleep deprivation may impair postoperative recovery through lasting disruption in sleep quality.
Evaluating early apoptosis-related cellular MiRNAs with an ultrasensitive electrochemiluminescence nanoplatform
Authors: Cai Haiying , Dong Peiting , Li Xiuping , Wang Lulu , Li Tao
Published: June 2024

It is known that the abnormal expression of specific cellular miRNAs is closely related to cell apoptosis, and so monitoring the level change of these miRNAs can in principle be used to evaluate the process of apoptosis stimulated by drugs.
Surface charge-reinforced and ion-selective layers for stable metal zinc anode chemistry
Authors: Wei Zhiquan , Wang Shixun , Li Dedi , Yang Shuo , Guo Songde , Qu Guangmeng , Yang Yihan , Li Hongfei
Published: June 2024

Surface charge-reinforced and ion-selective molecular layers on the Zn surface enable reversible Zn chemistry to suppress side reactions and dendrites.
Turkish science high school students’ mental models of the electron cloud
Authors: Çalış Sevgül
Published: June 2024

This study focuses on examining the mental models of 11th and 12th-grade students attending a science high school in Turkey regarding the concept of the electron cloud. The study involved 72 students and employed the case study method. The precondition for selecting the sample was that the students had covered the unit on modern atomic theory in their chemistry classes. The concept of the electron cloud chosen for the study is integrated into the units of “Atom and Periodic System” and “Modern Atomic Theory.” To guide the research questions, the progression of the lessons and activities within the unit were observed in three-week intervals across different classes taught by the participating teacher. Research data were collected using a data collection tool consisting of 7 open-ended questions, considering the high school chemistry course objectives. The research questions were prepared in three categories: conceptual, relational, and visual. A rubric was developed for data analysis, and codes corresponding to levels of understanding were determined. At the end of the evaluation, three mental models were identified: the electron cloud model, the hybrid/synthesis electron cloud model, and the primitive model. For these models, eight mental model categories have been determined: fully scientific, partially scientific, conceptual, relational, conceptual–relational, conceptual-visual, relational-visual, and incompatible. At the conclusion of the study, only 5.56% of students provided answers at the scientific understanding level for all categories, placing them in the full scientific model category under the electron cloud model. 16.67% of students fell into the partial scientific model category, while 75.29% demonstrated a hybrid/synthesized electron cloud model. A small portion, 2.78%, adopted a primitive model.
Efficiency of navmutant lines in the creation of cotton (g. hirsutum l.) varieties
Authors: Axmedov Muxamad , Sharipov Odiljon
Published: June 2024

According to the article, new promising families and lines of cotton that are resistant to unfavorable climatic conditions have been created. The cotton is fruitful, quick-growing, and has high fiber quality. The study was based on the variability and heredity of the main morphoeconomic characters in the hybrid generations obtained between cotton varieties with promising lines of cotton. We investigated the L-203 K line, SML-3882, SML-5531, SML-4042 mutant variety lines, the Bukhara-6 cotton variety, and the connections between the L-203 K line and mutant variety lines in our research. In reciprocal hybrids, the inheritance and variability of features were examined. In the breeding procedure, the maternal form's fully grown flower buds were taken out and the maternal flowers got fertilized the following day after the male pollen grains had reached maturity. The system developed by S. Wright and published in the publications of G. V. Beil and others was employed to determine the degree of character dominance in hybrids of the first syllable. Heritability and variability of traits were studied by comparison with parental samples in the reciprocal hybrids obtained through cross-breeding, including plant height, height of the first harvest branch, time from sowing to flowering, ripening speed, fiber yield, fiber length, cotton weight per boll, number of bolls per plant, etc. Many new families and ridges that were well suited to the soil and climate of the Bukhara region were separated. These families and ridges had high yields, excellent fiber quality, and yields. After extensive breeding over many years, a new cotton variety called "Zhondor Qudrati 1" was produced.
Reproductive and productive traits of cows of Holstein breed depending on the level of inbreeding
Authors: Kostomakhin Nikolay , Tseiko Leisan , Kostomakhin Mikhail
Published: June 2024

Inbreeding is one of the main criteria in programs for the conservation and use of genetic resources, and it can be used to control genetic processes in populations of farm animals. The use of inbreeding involves the production and consolidation of rare genotypes, which determine the outstanding quality of animals. The purpose of the work was to determine the reproductive and productive traits of cows of Holstein breed depending on the level of inbreeding. The research was carried out in the pedigree farm in the Kaluga region. The research of the reproductive ability of first-calf heifers obtained through inbreeding and outbreeding were shown significant differences in the duration of the calving interval. So, cows obtained through the remote inbreeding had the lowest duration calving interval (385.4 days) and their herdmates from outbreding had the longest calving interval (404,5 days), the difference was 19.1 days (p<0.05) or 5.0%. Cows from remote inbreeding had the shorter calving interval than their herdmates from moderate inbreeding by 15.9 days (p<0.05) or 4.1%. It was found that higher milk yields for 305 days of the first lactation had cows obtained through remote inbreeding (6413.1 kg), and low milk yields of milk were obtained from first-calf heifers from moderate inbreeding (5634.8 kg), the difference was 778.3 kg (p<0.05) or 9.0%. They also surpassed the milk yield of their herdmates obtained from outbreeding by 266.6 kg (p<0.05) or 4.3%. First-calf heifers obtained through moderate inbreeding were inferior in milk yield to herdmates from outbreeding by 511.7 kg or 9.1% (p<0.05).
Varietal productivity of cereals in conditions of Central Black Earth Region
Authors: Dolgopolova Natalia , Kalugina Kristina , Polyansky Alexander , Rudov Igor , Dudkina Tatyana
Published: June 2024

The article presents the material on the assessment of productivity of released varieties of winter wheat in the conditions of the Central Chernozem region.On the territory of Russia more than half of the sown area of grain crops is occupied by wheat, 70% of which is the area of winter crops. In advanced farms there is a high culture of agriculture (crop rotation, fertilization, soil treatment, etc.). However, the yield of winter wheat throughout the country is still insufficient and does not reach the maximum potential of the crop. One of the reasons for this is the lack of a scientifically based varietal technology for growing this crop in relation to soil-climatic and regional zones.
Organized natural air exchange in the room for the maintenance of animals
Authors: Fatullaeva Kaminat
Published: June 2024

The organization of effective ventilation is a key task in the construction and reconstruction of animal housing. Insufficient air exchange in the room leads to the accumulation of harmful gases released by cows: water vapor, methane, nitrogen compounds and carbon dioxide, which causes not only deterioration of animal health, but also increases the heat hazard of premises. The article aims to substantiate the use of natural air exchange in the warm season in agricultural buildings for milk production. The required opening angle of the swing-out flaps of the window openings was determined to achieve a normalized air flow in the animal housing. The option of organizing an additional air flow through the opening of the entrance gate and its effect during the summer period of the year is considered. Studies have shown that the inflow of air through the external gate significantly increases the overall air exchange in the premises for cattle. As a result of the study of the issue, the article presents a method for determining the necessary air exchange for the assimilation of excess heat, moisture and carbon dioxide emissions by animals.
Results of studies on the development of an immuno-enzymed test system for diagnosing infectious enterotoxemia in animals
Authors: Spiridonov Anton , Spiridonov Gennady , Makhmutov Aidar , Kosarev Maksim , Plotnikova Edie , Gilmutdinov Rustam , Khuramshina Milyausha , Onegov Andrey , Khuzin Damir , Nasertdinov Dinar
Published: June 2024

Research materials on the development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of specific antibodies to Cl. perfringens bacteria were presented. Strains of Cl. perfringens were used as production strains: No. 28 (type A), LD-1 (type B), No. 392 (type C), No. 213 (type D). To obtain antigen, a daily suspension of Cl perfringens bacteria, containing 20 billion microbial cells in 1 cm3 (5 billion microbial cells of each serotype), was sounded on an ultrasonic disintegrator at a frequency of 20 MHz for 15 minutes at 4 °C, then the endotoxin was precipitated with ammonium sulfate and purified by differential dissolution of the precipitate in 0.02 M phosphate buffer, followed by dialysis against tap water. Control positive serum with specific antibodies of at least 1:12800 to antigens of Cl. perfringens bacteria was obtained by hyperimmunization of cattle with corpuscular antigens and toxoids. The basic conditions of the ELISA reaction were standardized. Determination of the concentration of sorption of the antigen was carried out by parallel testing of various dilutions of the conjugate. The most acceptable titer of the blood serum of animals was found at a dilution of the conjugate of 1:2500 and a concentration of the sorbed antigen of 5-8 μg/cm3. The production test of the enzyme immunoassay test system was carried out in cattle farms in three regions of the Russian Federation, unfavorable for anaerobic enterotoxemia in calves.
Clinical trial results of an associated vaccine against cattle clostridiosis and escherichiosis
Authors: Spiridonov Anton , Spiridonov Gennady , Makhmutov Aidar , Kosarev Maksim , Gilmutdinov Rustam , Evstifeev Vitaly , Dupleva Liliya , Plotnikova Edie , Khuramshina Milyausha , Nasertdinov Dinar
Published: June 2024

In veterinary practice, gastrointestinal diseases of newborn calves, caused by the association of pathogenic bacteria, in particular Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli, are often observed. The results of our research have shown that in the Volga Federal District of the Russian Federation, anaerobic enterotoxemia in newborn calves is most often caused by Clostridium perfringens serotypes A, C, D. For the specific prevention of this form of pathology, an associated vaccine has been developed containing inactivated antigens of Clostridium perfringens serotypes A, C, D and Escherichia coli, which produce adhesion factors K99 and A20. Clinical trials of the effectiveness of the vaccine on cattle were carried out in 3 large agricultural enterprises of the Republic of Tatarstan for the production of milk, permanently dysfunctional for clostridiosis and escherichiosis of newborn calves. Disease prevention began with the immunization of pregnant cows and heifers 60 days before the expected calving. The animals were vaccinated twice with an interval of 14 days at a dose of 10 cm3. Calves obtained from immunized cows were vaccinated twice subcutaneously at a dose of 3 cm3 at the age of 18- 20 days. A total of 3156 cows and heifers were vaccinated in three dairy complexes. It was found that the associated vaccine is harmless for deepwalled cows and heifers, does not cause post-vaccination complications. Immunization of animals in the last months of pregnancy contributes to the accumulation of specific antibodies in colostrum, the intake of which provides passive protection of the newborn calf from infection with Cl. perfringens and E. coli bacteria.
Development of a method for collecting bronchoalveolar lavage from calves for microbiological diagnosis of bronchopneumonia
Authors: Rodionova Natalia , Kulikov Evgeny , Sotnikova Elena , Prozorovskiy Ivan , Tresnitskiy Sergey , Rudenko Pavel
Published: June 2024

A serious problem for the health of cattle, especially in highly productive animals, is infectious bronchopneumonia, which occurs when exposed to numerous adverse environmental factors and opportunistic microorganisms. Infectious bronchopneumonia is an important problem in the livestock industry and remains a major cause of significant economic losses in dairy herds and feedlots due to high morbidity and mortality rates, in addition to negatively affecting growth, reproductive performance and life expectancy. Therefore, the development of a new method for intravital minimally invasive diagnosis of calves with acute catarrhal bronchopneumonia using bronchoalveolar lavage sampling for subsequent microbiological studies is relevant. The invention relates to veterinary medicine and can be used in intravital diagnostics of bronchopneumonia in calves by isolating microorganisms that initiate the purulent-inflammatory process from samples of bronchoalveolar contents taken in the area of the tracheal bifurcation. A method for intravital diagnosis of bronchopneumonia in calves includes transnasal introduction to a sick animal of a sterile silicone medical tube with a diameter of 4 mm (the internal diameter of the hole is 3 mm), a wall thickness of 1.0 mm and a length of 150 cm, until slight resistance and a repeated cough reflex appear, upon reaching in the area of the tracheal bifurcation, the nasogastric tube is moved back 1 cm, a disposable syringe with a volume of 50 ml is attached to the free end, and with its help, 30-40 ml of sterile isotonic saline solution (0.9% NaCl solution, 37° C) is injected into the trachea, and then immediately aspirate up to 10 ml of bronchoalveolar contents.
The influence of the technology of keeping sows on their productive and maternal qualities
Authors: Miroshnichenko Igor , Tresnitskiy Sergey , Tresnitskiy Anatoliy , Kochetkova Anastasya , Rudenko Andrei
Published: June 2024

The article discusses the issues of productivity of sows depending on the technology of their maintenance and breeding methods. It was found that the technology of cultivation and breeding methods do not affect the multiplicity of sows, but have an effect on the individual weight of piglets at 21 and 35 days, as well as the weight of the nest at weaning. According to the complex indicator of reproductive qualities (KPVC), the best indicators are characterized by sows that are kept with a single-phase technology using non-replaceable litter.
Morpho-biochemical parameters of blood and antioxidant protection of the body of repair pigs using natural metabolites
Authors: Urban Gennady , Krotova Olga , Polozyuk Olga , Zabelina Margarita , Katusov Dmitry , Manzhikova Amulanga
Published: June 2024

The authors conducted experiments to study the effect of natural metabolites fed to repair pigs in the last three months before insemination on their growth, changes in their live weight, the chemical composition of milk and the content of immunoglobulins in it, as well as morphological and biochemical blood compositions, protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in pregnant and suckling sows. Four groups of repair pigs were formed for research white breed (control and three experimental) at the age of 6 months, 20 heads each, which were kept in separate machines. The control group received the basic diet, without additives. The pigs of the experimental groups were fed natural metabolites from the sixth to the ninth month inclusive. The animals of the I experimental group were fed organic selenium (Selenium) as part of the compound feed – 0.3 kg / t of feed, II experimental group – succinic acid at the rate of 20 mg / kg of live weight (frequency of 10 days), III experimental group - Carolin preparation (beta-carotene oil solution) – 15 ml / head per day. At the ages of 6.5 and 9 months, 5 pigs from each group had blood taken from the ear vein in the morning before feeding for research. The object of research was repair pigs of large white breed and Krasnodar meat type. Feeding of animals both in this experiment and subsequent ones was carried out taking into account detailed feeding standards. The composition and nutritional value of the diets were calculated using the «Kormoptimaexpert» program.
Risk management specifics in mineral water and beverage production under natural resources conservation
Authors: Shakhbanova Inara , Mullakhmedova Svetlana , Shakhpazova Ramsiyat , Ibragimova Zaira
Published: June 2024

This paper studies two production enterprises of the same segment, which operate in different subjects of the Russian Federation. It shows how such sectoral enterprises develop, especially after the fight against the pandemic to the present day. The study of two enterprises from the Republic of Dagestan and Stavropol Krai revealed the necessity of increasing expenditure to reduce the risks associated with maintaining production positions in the sectoral market. It was found that net profit and revenue are not the most important indicators for assessing the economic security of production enterprises. The main criterion for assessing the company's ability to manage its own risks is the gross profit indicator. The research also revealed the priorities for management decisions for the industry as a whole, especially if the industry enterprise has to reduce several types of risk at the same time. The results and conclusions of the study are of great importance for industry enterprises at the present time because of the presence of some more significant risks of a different order for modern industry manufacturing organisations. Focusing on the gross profit indicator is the best way to ensure solvency and maintain economic sustainability for sectoral enterprises, including those operating in conditions of economic uncertainty.
Structural and technological solutions for engineering and geological surveys, design and operation of buildings and structures on clay soils
Authors: Ovchinnikova Svetlana , Lyamina Alla , Radwan Hussein , Martynyuk Alexey , Konstantinov Ivan , Nikolenko Vladislav
Published: June 2024

The paper offers design and technological solutions and recommendations for engineering and geological surveys, as well as the design and operation of buildings and structures on clay soils in Stavropol. The existing experience of construction in engineering and geological conditions of specific soils and associated hazardous engineering and geological processes that influence the choice of engineering protection methods for new construction and reconstruction of existing buildings and structures has been studied. Clay soils in the city are characterized by swelling and shrinkage due to seasonal fluctuations in humidity in the upper part of the aeration zone, including in the flat areas of the city, and landslide processes on the slopes. When designing foundations for areas with swelling soils, it is crucial to consider the soil's ability to expand in volume as the humidity increases, known as swelling. In swelling soils, when the humidity decreases, the soil undergoes shrinkage. The paper also provides recommendations for water protection measures during the preparation of foundations for new construction. These measures primarily focus on addressing soil swelling rather than shrinkage. Structural and technological measures are presented to increase the rigidity and strength of buildings by dividing them into separate compartments with sedimentary seams, and introducing reinforced concrete continuous belts at several levels of the building.
A systematic approach to evaluating the strategic potential of agricultural enterprises
Authors: Fateeva Olga , Muratova Еvgenia , Ivanova Elena
Published: June 2024

Modern scientific approaches to evaluation of the strategic capacity category are explored in the paper. The relevance of the problem of evaluating strategic potential of an enterprise operating in the agricultural sector for the development of effective management decisions is underlined. A systematic approach to evaluating the strategic potential is suggested, within which the theoretical foundations and methodological approaches to assessing the strategic potential of a company are considered, factors influencing the strategic capacity framework are identified, and evaluation criteria are determined. Practical recommendations are developed for evaluating the level of strategic capacity for selecting a development strategy in relation to agricultural businesses. The results obtained are original since they show the effects of strategic potential evaluation for the specific company. As a result of the study, a model for assessing the level of strategic capacity of an agricultural enterprise is developed based on a systematic approach.
Conceptual basis for product management of product promotion in the agricultural sector
Authors: Sorokina Yulia , Gorovenko Valery
Published: June 2024

In Russia, there is an annual increase in demand for organic products, which sets new requirements for manufacturers of such products in terms of ensuring orientation towards “green” production in various ways. Currently, the organic food market is one of the fastest growing segments of the food industry worldwide. As part of this study, it was interesting to determine the prospects for the development of organic production in the Russian Federation, for which it was necessary to identify the main target groups of consumers capable and ready to purchase such goods. On the basis of the conducted sociological study and assessment of the level of willingness of consumers to purchase organic products on a permanent basis in the long term, it became possible to identify target groups. In addition, based on the survey, it became possible to identify the motives and values of consumers when purchasing such products, which will obviously be useful for manufacturers of organic goods to promote their products. The work also analyzed trends in the market for organic products, which made it possible to determine the emerging increase in demand for such products, but also identified the need to stimulate the sale of organic products. The result of the study was, firstly, the identified target groups of consumers, their portrait, and secondly, an economic mechanism was drawn up to increase the efficiency of the development of organic production, taking into account the proposed measures to promote goods in the agro-industrial complex.
Technical and economic efficiency of microclimate parameters provision in greenhouse farming annual cycle
Authors: Ovchinnikova Svetlana , Abornev Denis , Kalinichenko Andrey , Khashchenko Andrey , Taran Sergey
Published: June 2024

The use of solar energy in greenhouse farming allows us to reduce the consumption of organic and mineral fuel. Nowadays, the share of energy costs in the structure of production costs of indoor farms is up to 70%. It is connected with insufficiently effective use of electric and thermal energy in greenhouses, lack of optimization of energy processes in it. The paper also takes into account the thermophysical properties of soils necessary to determine the process of heat exchange during the year. Heat transfer in the soil is carried out mainly due to its conductive heat conduction, as well as moisture transfer and radiation. Therefore, when thermal processes are considered in the ground under the coefficient of heat conduction, some effective value is considered, taking into account the radiant and convective components and averaged over a sufficiently large volume compared to the size of the particles. The share of convective and radiant components under normal conditions does not exceed a few percent. The thermophysical properties of soils are determined by the experimentally established distribution of temperatures and heat fluxes in the soil. Creation and maintenance of design parameters of microclimate in greenhouses is most effective and economical through the integrated use of natural and artificial factors of formation of temperature, humidity and air regimes, combined in a complex system.
Life tests of membrane-type throttle flow dividers-adders
Authors: Rybak Alexander , Meskhi Besarion , Rudoy Dmitry , Teplyakova Svetlana , Olshevskaya Anastasiya , Prutskov Alexey , Kulikova Natalia , Romanov Maxim
Published: June 2024

Increasing the reliability of the hydraulic drive of technological systems of machines is one of the main technical tasks. The article is devoted to a description of the life tests of membrane-type throttle dividers-adders of flows. The paper presents a schematic hydraulic diagram of an experimental stand for life tests of flow dividers-adders and describes the principle of operation of the stand for life tests of flow dividers. A comparison is made of the resources of two throttle flow dividers-adders of the membrane type DSP-01.000 DSP-05.00.000. The features of the test procedure and the loading sequence are described. The article represents a special contribution to the development of new technical solutions in the field of hydraulic drive control and can serve as the basis for further research in this area.
Study of the temperature and moisture regime of building walls in various construction areas
Authors: Zubarev Kirill
Published: June 2024

The article is devoted to the problems of assessing the balance of moisture transfer when calculating protection against waterlogging of building envelopes. For the calculation, several localities have been selected in which the wall of a building with given climatic parameters and internal air parameters for a living space were modeled. In order to model protection against waterlogging, 3 cities were chosen: Smolensk, Izhevsk and Dudinka. A calculation to protect the building envelope from waterlogging has been carried out. The values of resistance to vapor permeation and heat transfer of each layer of a multilayer building envelope have been calculated. The complex of maximum humidification was assessed, on the basis of which the values of the temperature of the greatest humidification were determined. The values of the actual resistance to vapor permeation and the required resistance to vapor permeation were calculated relative to the plane. Three examples of possible moisture transfer balance were obtained. It was also determined that the construction of the building wall under study is permitted in Smolensk and Dudinka. The researched wall cannot be used in Izhevsk.
Technologies for ensuring environmental safety of agricultural production
Authors: Rudoy Dmitry , Olshevskaya Anastasiya , Rybak Alexander , Оdabashyan Mary , Dubnitskaya Polina , Sarkisian Dzhuletta , Prutskov Alexey , Kulikova Natalya
Published: June 2024

In the modern world, the problem of environmental safety is becoming increasingly pressing, especially in the context of agriculture, where its impact on the environment is felt especially acutely. This article presents an analysis of these problems and proposes innovative approaches to solve them. The focus is on precision agriculture, which involves the use of advanced technologies such as the use of drones and sensors to optimize farming processes. The use of smart farming based on data analysis using neural networks and artificial intelligence is considered, which allows for more efficient use of resources and reduces the negative impact on the environment. Control of pests and diseases of crops is also an important aspect. The article discusses modern methods of combating them, including the use of biological products and other organic means of protection. These aspects help reduce exposure to pesticides and minimize negative environmental impacts. The article emphasizes the importance of using modern technologies in agriculture to ensure environmental safety and sustainable development of rural areas.
Application of public-private partnership in smart city projects implementation considering environmental management
Authors: Isalova Marzhanat , Shakhbanova Inara , Shabanova Madina , Gadjimagomedova Saida , Abdulaeva Leila , Sigal Alexey , Babaeva Diana
Published: June 2024

The paper presents the "Smart City" pilot project from the point of view of the benefits of public-private partnership for each participant in the joint activity aimed at optimizing urban infrastructure. The role of the state and the private sector in the transformation of the city into a single "smart" system is defined. Indicators of the state's expectations from the implementation of the pilot project are given. The forms of public-private partnership contracts and the degree of their applicability on the example of a concession agreement are considered. The possibility of realization of public-private partnership in certain areas of concession agreements is examined. The probable future of the Smart City project activities after its completion from the point of view of the development of public-private partnership principles is determined. The strategic importance of the Smart City project implementation and, separately, of the PPP principle for the optimization of public relations is revealed.
Estimation of applicability of protein hydrolysate of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae prepared using enzymatic hydrolysis as a fish feed component
Authors: Mikhailova Marina , Frolova Marina , Albulov Aleksey , Zolotarev Konstantin , Nakhod Valeriya , Mikhailov Anton
Published: June 2024

The special advantage of black soldier fly (BSF) (Hermetia illucens) larvae for use as feed is their high protein content and low chitin content, which makes the larvae easier to digest, making them nutritious for fish, farm animals and birds. It has been reported that BSF larvae contain all the amino acids necessary for animal protein, including the essential amino acids, also macro- and micronutrients. The technological parameters of BSF larvae protein hydrolysis procedure were optimized. Some physicochemical parameters of the hydrolysate and the yield of hydrolysis were estimated for the hydrolysate prepared according to the optimized parameters. The sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) starter feed having 10% of its fishmeal portion substituted with BSF larvae protein hydrolysate has been tested. The BSF larvae protein hydrolysate may be included in fish feed formulations, especially in starter feeds.
Impact of information on human health: Educational and professional aspects
Authors: Belavkina M.V. , Lysenko D.S. , Finochenko T.A.
Published: June 2024

Currently, the information space has a great influence on all types of human activity, allowing us to form a worldview, habits and skills necessary for life. However, global informatization and digitalization, affecting bodily, mental and social constructs, affects the duration and quality of life. The information a person receives affects his physical, mental and social well-being. The problem of security of information flows, especially in educational and professional activities, is relevant because it has a complex impact on the human body. The article examines the impact of information flows on human health and reveals the impact of the modern digital environment on a person’s physical, mental health and social wellbeing. The purpose of the work was to study the complex impact of modern information flows on individual and public health, as well as systematize measures aimed at reducing the negative effects of this process. There are general approaches to considering the problem of information flows and their impact on humans, which we are trying to present. A set of information hygiene and safety measures is proposed in the context of maintaining health, increasing the effectiveness of training and optimizing professional performance. The development of a culture of safe behavior in the information society involves a transformation of attitudes towards “information security” from the meaning of protecting information to ensuring the “security” of information for individuals and society.
Environmental crime prevention: Theory and practice issues
Authors: Lang Petr
Published: June 2024

The article provides an analysis of the provisions of the domestic legislative framework and legal doctrine, examines the author’s approaches and opinions on the prevention of crimes, and offenses in the field of environmental protection and nature management. Vulnerable components of preventive activities of public authorities and public organizations are outlined, the author's conclusions on the stated topic are presented taking into account the requirements of today, and an attempt to accumulate theoretical material on the issues of environmental security of the state in the context of globalization and integration processes is made.
Thermo-photobiomodulation of stem cells
Authors: Chailakhyan Ruben , Grosheva Alla , Vorobieva Nataliya , Sviridov Alexander , Yusupov Vladimir
Published: June 2024

The most important task of cell transplantology is to activate the proliferative potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) before receiving bone marrow cells from a donor. This is necessary to increase a sufficient number of MSCs in early passages, when the probability of chromosomal mutations is still low. The proliferative activity of cells can be activated using photobiomodulation (PBM) by exposure to lowintensity laser radiation in the visible and near-infrared ranges. Recently, it was shown in vitro that the combination of PBM and moderate laserinduced heating can lead to a significant increase in the efficiency of MSC colony formation. The main objectives of the study are to find the optimal parameters for such a combined effect and answer the question about the possibility of a synergistic effect of thermal heating and laser radiation. MSCs isolated from rat bone marrow were used for the experiments. MSCs were exposed to short-term laser radiation of moderate power with a wavelength of 980 nm and an energy density of 68-340 J/cm2, accompanied by moderate heating of the cell suspension. Vials with grown colonies were photographed, then their number, size and number of cells in individual colonies were determined using special digital image processing methods. It was found that under optimal parameters, exposure to laser radiation of moderate power leads to an increase in the number of colonies by 4.1±0.5 times, and the total number of cells by 3.3±0.4 times compared to the control. It has been shown that this increase in cell number occurs as a result of the synergistic effect of photobiomodulation and moderate heating. Activation of colony formation after laser stimulation of MSCs occurs due to the migration of cells from the initially formed colonies with the subsequent formation of additional colonies by separated cells.
Automated system of monitoring professional skills development of food production operators based on a computer simulator
Authors: Litvinova Elena , Polevshchikov Ivan
Published: June 2024

Research is devoted to the development of a computer simulator complex (CSC) to develop the professional skills of food production operators. The structure (conceptual model) of CSC for training of food production operators is developed, the distinctive features of which for solving the problem of professional training of operators is the integration of the simulator, which allows to reproduce real technological processes of food production for training purposes, with the automated information system (AIS) of control over the formation of professional skills in the course of exercise courses on CSC. The sets of parameters that determine: the structure and properties of the technological operation modeled in the exercise on CSC for the generation of individual exercise variants; the actions performed by the trainee in the exercise depending on the features of the simulated technological operation with the use of physical models of real equipment or elements of virtual and augmented reality (VR/AR); evaluation of the process and results of the exercise in the virtual automated training environment CSC are described. The application of CSC in the training process allows to flexibly customize exercises for professional training of operators of different branches of food industry (meat, dairy, bakery, confectionery, etc.), which helps to improve the quality of training results, as well as to reduce the labor intensity of creating and controlling the implementation of training courses in CSC by operators.
Social coordination of individuals with disabilities in the context of sustainable development of an inclusive reality
Authors: Popov Vitaly , Muzyka Oksana , Dzyuba Lyubov , Kholina Oksana , Kobysheva Larisa
Published: June 2024

The article actualises the need to search for and form a correct conceptual and categorical apparatus that serves as a methodological and theoretical basis for adequate representation, comprehension, interpretation and understanding of the whole range of problems of inclusive society formation. It is shown that the phenomenological analysis of various aspects of the everyday world of the inclusive society using the concepts of social coordination, social partnership and interaction is of particular interest. It is postulated that the context of the study of inclusive everyday life implies not only the representation and description of the life and local history of an individual with health limitations (HL) within the framework of social everyday life, but the emphasis is shifted to the analysis of multilevel transformations and transformations of inclusive reality in the course of everyday activities of various social groups. The aim of the article is to systematically investigate the concept of social coordination in the segments of manifestation of subjective time of an individual with HL, which makes it possible to consider the inclusive society as a special social group of people with HL from the position of interpretation of everyday inclusive reality. The methodological foundations of the study are determined by modern philosophical, pedagogical, and sociological sources that reflect the peculiarities of understanding, comprehension, and interpretation of various segments of the study of inclusive society, taking into account the conceptual apparatus of analytical philosophy and social phenomenology.
The temporal specifics of the transitions to youth maturity
Authors: Detochenko Ludmila , Kostyrin Evgeny , Agapova Elena , Krotova Olga , Shvedov Igor
Published: June 2024

Youth, as a stage of a person's life path, is the most intense period in terms of age transitions. Despite the presence of many transitions, most researchers identify several basic age transitions. The current stage of development of society is characterized by the complication, lengthening, increasing variability and risks of liminality (incompleteness) of age transitions. The time characteristics of their commission are changing. The temporal component of the features of secondary socialization remains poorly understood, which increases the risks of inefficiency of youth support and assistance programs. In this article, based on the conducted research, the temporal specificity of age transitions of modern youth is analyzed. The study was conducted on a sample of 484 people aged 18 to 40 years. Multistage selection.the time characteristics of their commission. The questionnaire method. The results obtained allow us to conclude that there is a general "delay" in leaving childhood. The duration of the period of youth itself is highly likely to stretch over the entire period of maturity. The risks of liminality of basic transitions to maturity have been identified. In the opinion of young respondents about the optimal time for making specific transitions, both the reproduction of previously formed norms remains (the connection of sexual debut with adulthood, entry into the labor market with financial independence), and the consolidation of established practices is planned (the temporary gap between sexual debut and marriage, the formation of one's own family and the birth of a child).