bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Isolation and Characterization of Microcrystalline Cellulose and Preparation of Nano-Crystalline Cellulose from Tropical Water Hyacinth
Authors: Abdul Latif Mohammed H. , Mahmood Yasir Fathi
Published: August 2018

Because of the conservation problems causes by the existence of water hyacinth (W.H) as an watery plant in water bodies of Iraq, our study aimed to make  use of (W.H) by isolation of microcrystalline cellulose, and a new method of preparation of Nano crystalline cellulose. Microcrystalline cellulose was produced using base bleaching method by sodium hypochlorite [NaOCl] to remove unorganized region of cellulose and lignin to create particles comprising of micro crystal and preparing of Nano crystalline cellulose from microcrystalline cellulose by acid hydrolysis and ultrasonic treatment. The Nano crystalline and microcrystalline cellulose characterized by AFM, FTIR, XRD and TGA. FT-IR spectra of microcrystalline cellules and Nano crystalline cellulose show peaks at (1076.28, 1058.92) cm-1 and (1118.71, 1112.93) cm-1 refer to the stretching vibration of   Câ€“O and stretching vibration intermolecular ester bonding. 

       The AFM image shows that isolated microcrystalline cellulose have a diameter of (141.37 nm) and the prepared Nano crystalline have a diameter of (87.39 nm). The Thermo gravimetric analysis of cellulose showed a high decomposition temperature at (283Â°C) for microcrystalline cellulose and (253)Â°C for Nano crystalline cellulose .The thermal stability of microcrystalline cellulose was more than Nano crystalline cellulose XRD result possessed a segal crystallinity index of 92.8 % and a average crystal size of 41.7 A Â° for Nano crystalline cellulose and a Segal Crystallinity Index of 86.4 % and a average crystal size of 55.3Â°A    of microcrystalline cellulose.
Does ECOWAS Macroeconomic Convergence Criteria Satisfy an Optimum Currency Area?
Authors: Nkwatoh Louis S.
Published: August 2018

The Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) countries have expressed their desire to establish a monetary union by the year 2020 based on six macroeconomic convergence criteria. The desire is predicated on a series of strategies and various treaties ratified and signed by various ECOWAS Heads of governments and Central Banks’ Governors with more emphasis on the Maastricht-type set of convergence criteria that must be satisfied by all member countries before they ascend to the envisaged monetary union. Even though the convergence criteria may guarantee macroeconomic stability in a regional grouping, critics assert that the convergence criteria are insufficient and inconsequential to the formation of monetary union. The objective of this study is to ascertain whether ECOWAS countries have met all the macroeconomic convergence criteria making them fit for a monetary union. The analyses indicate that no ECOWAS country has met all the convergence criteria at a given point in time implying that the level of macroeconomic convergence in the region still remains inadequate relative to the set targets. However, WAEMU sub-set economies have met three of the criteria -public debts to GDP Ratio, deficits including grants, annual percentage inflation rate. The simple reason is that WAEMU is an existing monetary union with a common stabilization policy.
Uma reflexão sobre a história recente da Escola Austríaca:
Authors: Andrade III Paulo Hora
Published: August 2018

Este trabalho trata do debate que se refere à suficiência da Praxiologia Misesiana para a elucidação dos fenômenos econômicos e de sua compatibilidade com a teoria Hayekiana sobre a comunicação e a aquisição do conhecimento em contextos institucionais específicos. Ambas foram desenvolvidas a partir do debate do cálculo econômico, ocorrido nas décadas de 1920 e 1930. Nesse sentido, os dois grupos que protagonizaram o debate foram formados, de um lado, pelos que defendem que a Escola Austríaca se dividiu entre os paradigmas Misesiano e Hayekiano e, de outro, os que defendem que o núcleo da abordagem distintiva Austríaca se baseia tanto em Mises quanto em Hayek.
Direito & Economia do fomento estatal:
Authors: Botelho André Lustosa Rege
Published: August 2018

presente artigo tem como finalidade avaliar a aplicação positiva da atividade de fomento pelo Estado brasileiro, nos últimos anos, especialmente através da utilização da concessão de créditos pelo Banco Nacional do Desenvolvimento, o BNDES, sob a Análise Econômica do Direito (Law and Economics). Também se pretende demonstrar como tal aplicação distorce o mercado, podendo contribuir para o aumento dos índices de pobreza e submete o setor privado à aprovação, não de seus potenciais consumidores, mas sim de seus governantes. Para tanto, serão expostos dados e apreciações econômicas e conceituais.
Aprendizaje organizacional para la construcción de nuevas realidades
Authors: Castro Chans Norma Beatriz , Guastavino Mosna María Lorena , Goñalons Gabriela B. , Cavalieri Ana Belén
Published: August 2018

El presente trabajo se propone recuperar la experiencia realizada en el marco de un proyecto de voluntariado universitario entre integrantes de la Universidad Nacional del Nordeste y miembros el Teatro de la Ciudad (Corrientes), sala de teatro autogestionada. La mirada se centra especialmente en los procesos de aprendizaje organizacional que se promovieron a partir de las líneas de acción desarrolladas con el proyecto. El proyecto de extensión se planteó sistematizar a través de talleres participativos, el trayecto recorrido por la organización, las alianzas y vinculaciones establecidas, las estrategias desplegadas, los logros y las dificultades; y, a partir de allí, establecer y consensuar las líneas de acción para el fortalecimiento institucional. Ambas fases, diagnóstico y planificación, fueron abordados desde el paradigma de la gestión del conocimiento con la intención de que estas acciones se conformen en instancias de aprendizaje y proyección organizacional.
Los restos que no sobran en el bosque : indagando entre troncos y hojarasca
Authors: Zaninovich Silvia Clarisa , Trentini Carolina Paola , Fontana José Luis , Gatti Ma. Genoveva
Published: August 2018

Los detritos, aunque a veces imperceptibles, son un componente esencial del bosque. Cumplen funciones ecológicas indispensables, como albergar innumerables especies, proveer protección al suelo, regular procesos de ciclado de nutrientes y ser importantes reservorios de carbono y agua. Si bien sabemos que las actividades humanas los alteran, no conocemos cómo cambian y cuáles son las consecuencias de estos cambios. Es necesario estudiarlos y comenzar a tenerlos en cuenta a la hora de generar políticas y estrategias de manejo sostenible
¿Conciencia? ¿Qué conciencia?
Authors: Meana Elba
Published: August 2018

En el epígrafe el semiólogo francés hace referencia al segundo mensaje que siempre es posible leer en todo texto escrito, más aún los artículos periodísticos (cargados de intencionalidad implícita) y todavía más, si se trata, como en este caso, de un diario oficialista, como lo es el diario “La nación”, en el que se verá palmariamente cómo desde el poder se legitiman (a la par de suministrar información) decisiones de política pública, con fundamentos incomprobables, y dejando de lado un terreno fértil, una historia, antes transitados y que aún están siendo ejercidos. No será tan fácil, como oficiosamente se anuncia, desandar ese sendero. Básicamente porque está cargado de una subjetivación muy valorada hasta nuevo fundado aviso, por parte del sector docente.

 
Physicochemical properties and morphological observations of selected local rice varieties in northern Afghanistan
Authors: NOORİ Zubair , MUJADİDİ Mohammad Wasif , AMİN Mohammad Wasif
Published: August 2018

In this study, milled rice (Oryza sativa L.) samples of
local varieties (Sarda Barah, Garma Barah, Surkha Zurahti and Shah Lawangi) were procured from Kunduz province,
Afghanistan and check varieties (Koshihikari and Super Basmati) from Japan. We
conducted the research in the Laboratory of Crop
Science of Ibaraki University, Japan during
February in 2018, to clarify the physicochemical and morphological traits on
different local rice varieties. The
results demonstrated that local rice
varieties (Sarda Barah, Garma Barah, Surkha Zurahti and Shah Lawangi) from Afghanistan including Super
Basmati (Check) with long and slender grains, associated with significantly
higher grain amylose and protein contents of 22.9 and 8.1%, respectively, which
created in declined taste points. While, Koshihikari with short and medium
grain types demonstrated the lowest grain amylose and protein contents of 17.7
and 5.5%, respectively, which amplified grain taste point. The micrographs
observations revealed that there were no obvious alterations in the endosperm
of translucent grains across varieties. In contrast, the endosperm of chalky
grains in local rice varieties were differed
compared to check varieties (Super Basmati and Koshihikari), irregularly developed starch granules together with
single spherical shape and dent-portion on their surfaces with numerous airgaps
were observed due to high temperature. Such irregular arrangement leads in
lower grain weight and quality.
“Hijos de los jesuitas” o ¿Hijos de su propio pasado?
Authors: Ford Kate
Published: August 2018

Los cronistas jesuitas y, más tarde, los antropólogos de los siglos XX y XXI registraron las técnicas indígenas para asegurar la sobrevivencia en la época an-tes de la evangelización. Este artículo argumenta que las siguientes técnicas continua-ron jugando un papel en la misión: las habilidades cinegéticas, el respeto a lo sobre-natural y a los ritos que lo sostenían, la creencia en el poder de sustancias sagradas, la modificación del cuerpo para que el capricho de los espíritus se desviara, y la cos-tumbre de hacer marcas en sitios numinosos. Concluye que los templos pintados de la misión de aquel entonces reflejaron tanto el intento jesuita de disfrazar carencias per-cibidas en los edificios como el intento indígena de protegerlos contra el daño que se consideraba ser causado por espíritus malignos.
As Artes de Curar em um manuscrito jesuítico inédito do Setecentos: o Paraguay Natural Ilustrado do padre José Sánchez Labrador (1771-1776) de Eliane Cristina Deckmann Fleck, (2015) (Organizadora)
Authors: Paz Carlos D.
Published: August 2018

.
Corrección y reescritura jesuíticas en el siglo XVIII: en torno a la obra de José Cardiel (1747-1780).
Authors: Vega Fabian R.
Published: August 2018

José Cardiel (1704-1782) escribió, entre 1747 y 1780, distintos libros sobre las misiones jesuíticas de la Provincia del Paraguay. Todos ellos constituyen reescrituras de un mismo texto de base. Por esa razón, podemos utilizarlos para analizar las modificaciones, supresiones y adiciones —es decir, las correcciones y reescrituras— entre los mismos. De esa manera, identificamos los cambios en la política de escritura jesuítica en las últimas décadas antes de la expulsión de la Compañía de Jesús de los territorios de la Corona española (1767-1768) y en las primeras después de tal hecho, esto es, en el período probablemente más crítico para los jesuitas durante la Edad Moderna.
La obra poética de Juan Bautista Aguirre y los problemas de su transmisión
Authors: Castillo Hernández Estela , José Fernández Ángel
Published: August 2018

Juan Bautista Aguirre, el poeta ecuatoriano que vivió durante el siglo XVIII y que fue expulsado en 1767, ha sido ignorado por la crítica hispanoamericana colonial durante los últimos años. Escribió poesía filosófica y moral, aunque es mejor conocido por su veta humorística, por la que se le ha comparado con Juan del Valle y Caviedes. En este trabajo, ofrecemos un panorama de los problemas de transmisión que ha sufrido su obra poética escrita en español, víctima de lecturas sesgadas, descontextualizadas y prejuiciadas; indicamos, también, los editores que han compilado su obra y las circunstancias bajo las cuales se ha rescatado su poesía.
La población y tasas vitales de las misiones jesuíticas de los Guaraní (Argentina, Brasil, Paraguay)
Authors: Jackson Robert H.
Published: August 2018

Este es el segundo de tres artículos que presenta información sobre la poblacióny tasas vitales de las misiones jesuíticas de la provincia de Paraguay reconstruidode censos.
Physiologic and hygienic basis of health-saving technologies in technical and professional educational institutions
Authors: Kispaev T. A. , Khamitov T. N.
Published: August 2018

The article covers analysis of scientific and methodological literature and the authors’ research on studies of health-saving technologies in educational institutions including technical and professional educational offices. The authors presented physiologic and hygienic basis of health-saving technologies in technical and professional educational institutions, aimed to preserve and increase health state of professional technical college students, where mass occupations are mastered and active occupational fitness is formed.
Data sharing in qualitative research: opportunities and concerns
Authors: McGrath Cormac , Nilsonne Gustav
Published: August 2018

Data sharing is increasingly practiced by researchers and mandated by research funders as well as scientific journals. However, data sharing within qualitative research paradigms is less common, and sharing interview data has particular challenges. Earlier debate in this journal has pointed to the value of data sharing for discouraging research fraud and permitting critical scrutiny. We elaborate on this discussion by highlighting the value of data sharing for cumulative science, for re-use, and to maximise the value of the participants’ contribution. We review methods and possibilities for sharing interview data, and give concrete recommendations for mitigating risks to the participants. In conclusion, we find that sharing of interview data is possible, valuable, and ethical, and serves a purpose for both journals and researchers.
Effects of estuarine mudflat formation on tidal prism and large-scale morphology in experiments
Authors: Braat Lisanne , Leuven Jasper , Lokhorst Ivar , Kleinhans Maarten
Published: August 2018

Human interference in estuaries has led to increasing problems of mud, such as hyper‐turbidity with adverse ecological effects and siltation of navigation channels and harbours. To deal with this mud sustainably, it is important to understand its long‐term effects on the morphology and dynamics of estuaries. The aim of this study is to understand how mud affects the morphological evolution of estuaries. We focus on the effects of fluvial mud supply on the spatial distribution of mudflats and on how this influences estuary width, depth, surface area and dynamics over time. Three physical experiments with self‐forming channels and shoals were conducted in a new flume type suitable for tidal experiments: the Metronome. In two of the experiments, we added nutshell grains as mud simulant, which is transported in suspension. Time‐lapse images of every tidal cycle and digital elevation models for every 500 cycles were analysed for the three experiments. Mud settles in distinct locations, forming mudflats on bars and sides of the estuary, where the bed elevation is higher. Two important effects of mud were observed: the first is the slight cohesiveness of mud that causes stability on bars limiting vertical erosion, although the bank erosion rate by migrating channels is unaffected. Secondly, mud fills inactive areas and deposits at higher elevations up to the high‐water level and therefore decreases the tidal prism. These combined effects cause a decrease in dynamics in the estuary and lead to near‐equilibrium planforms that are smaller in volume and especially narrower upstream, with increased bar heights and no channel deepening. This trend is in contrast to channel deepening in rivers by muddier floodplain formation. These results imply large consequences for long‐term morphodynamics in estuaries that become muddier due to management practices, which deteriorate ecological quality of intertidal habitats but may create potential area for marshes.
The importance of disaster education in disaster-prone areas towards disaster-resilient Indonesia
Authors: Putera Roni Ekha
Published: August 2018

This study aims to explain the importance of disaster education for schoolchildren in disaster-prone areas. Disaster education is intended to provide the earliest possible knowledge in the learning process to develop sensitivity to disasters. Padang as one of the areas with high risk of earthquakes and tsunamis certainly has various approaches to disaster mitigation and preparedness. Disaster education in schools as one of the approaches is expected to produce disaster-resilient schoolchildren who are more responsive and alert to disasters. This study applies qualitative descriptive. The informants are selected purposively. The data are obtained through observation, interviews, and document study. The findings indicate that disaster education in schools in Padang is carried out through three approaches, namely integration into school subjects, extracurricular activities, and local content subject. However, in reality, not all schools have carried out these activities. Thus, it is expected that disaster education is integrated into the school curriculum as a local content subject.
Mindful movement and skilled attention
Authors: Clark Dav Joe Wada , Schumann Frank , Mostofsky Stewart H.
Published: August 2018

Bodily movement has long been employed as a foundation for cultivating mental skills such as attention, self-control or mindfulness, with recent studies documenting the positive impacts of mindful movement training, such as yoga and tai chi. A parallel “mind-body connection” has also been observed in many developmental disorders. We elaborate a spectrum of mindfulness by considering ADHD, in which deficient motor control correlates with impaired (disinhibited) behavioral control contributing to defining features of excessive distractibility and impulsivity. These data provide evidence for an important axis of variation for wellbeing, in which skillful cognitive control covaries with a capacity for skillful movement. We review empirical and theoretical literature on attention, cognitive control, mind wandering, mindfulness and skill learning, endorsing a model of skilled attention in which motor plans, attention, and executive goals are seen as mutually co-defining aspects of skilled behavior that are linked by reciprocal inhibitory and excitatory connections. Thus, any movement training should engage “higher-order” inhibition and selection and develop a repertoire of rehearsed procedures that coordinate goals, attention and motor plans. However, we propose that mindful movement practice may improve the functional quality of rehearsed procedures, cultivating a transferrable skill of attention. We adopt Langer’s spectrum of mindful learning that spans from “mindlessness” to engagement with the details of the present task and contrast this with the mental attitudes cultivated in standard mindfulness meditation. We particularly follow Feldenkrais’ suggestion that mindful learning of skills for organizing the body in movement might transfer to other forms of mental activity. The results of mindful movement training should be observed in multiple complementary measures, and may have tremendous potential benefit for individuals with ADHD and other populations.
Evaluation of a Template for Countering Misinformation—Real-world Autism Treatment Myth Debunking
Authors: Paynter Jessica , Luskin-Saxby Sarah , Keen Deb , Fordyce Kathryn , Frost Grace , Imms Christine , Miller Scott , Trembath David , Tucker Madonna , Ecker Ullrich K. H.
Published: August 2018

Misinformation poses significant challenges to evidence-based practice. In the public health domain specifically, treatment misinformation can lead to opportunity costs or direct harm. Alas, attempts to debunk misinformation have proven sub-optimal, and have even been shown to “backfire”, including increasing misperceptions. Thus, optimized debunking strategies have been developed to more effectively combat misinformation. The aim of this study was to test these strategies in a real-world setting, targeting misinformation about autism interventions. In the context of professional development training, we randomly assigned participants to an “optimized-debunking” or a “treatment-as-usual” training condition and compared support for non-empirically-supported treatments before, after, and six weeks following completion of online training. Results demonstrated greater benefits of optimized debunking immediately after training; thus, the implemented strategies can serve as a general and flexible debunking template. However, the effect was not sustained at follow-up, highlighting the need for further research into strategies for sustained change.
Juvenile psammomatoid ossifying fibroma of the ethmoid sinus: A rare case report
Authors: Draman Wan NurAnis Wan , Ramli Rosdi , Mohd Noor Rosli , Abdullah Baharudin , Abdul Aziz Roziasyazni Che
Published: August 2018

Juvenile psammomatoid ossifying fibroma (JPOF) is a rare, aggressive benign bony tumour that has been distinguished from a larger group of ossifying fibromas (OF) based on age of occurrence, most common site of involvement, and its clinical behaviour.We reported a case of asymptomatic 14 year old boy who had incidental finding of left ethmoidal bony mass on his CT brain imaging done for post traumatic cerebral concussion. The diagnosis of juvenile psammomatoid ossifying fibroma (JPOF) was made based on radiological and histological findings.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 02 No. 04 October’18. Page : 228-231
Effect of temper rolling and subsequent annealing on texture development and magnetic permeability of semi-processed electrical steel with 2.3 wt.% Si
Authors: Ahmadian Peyman , Akbarzadeh Abbas
Published: August 2018

The effect of temper rolling and subsequent annealing on texture development and magnetic properties of semi-processed non grain oriented electrical steel has been investigated. The result shows that 5% temper rolling and final annealing at 850°C resulted in strong α-fiber component. The etch-pit technique shows that strain induced boundary migration is responsible for new texture component augmentation. Vibrating sample magnetometery reveals that maximum and minimum magnetic permeability are related to rolling and transverse directions, respectively. Average magnetic permeability is improved to some extent as a result of temper rolling and subsequent annealing.
Effect of heat treatment on the precipitation hardening in FeNiCoAlTaB shape memory alloys
Authors: Chulist R. , Prokopowicz M. , Maziarz W. , Ostachowski P. , Schell N.
Published: August 2018

In order to obtain optimal mechanical properties, the effect of heat treatment on the precipitation hardening in multicomponent Fe-based shape memory alloys (containing Ni, Co, Al, Ta, B) was studied. The polycrystalline material was investigated after application of three different processing schemas: slowly cooled, quenched and subsequently annealed with various aging conditions. The study was carried out using synchrotron X-ray diffraction along with mechanical tests, revealing the evolution of strengthening phases. As a result an optimum heat treatment for 10 h at 700°C was established yielding an optimal mechanical response.
Compressive behavior of double-layered functionally graded 316L stainless steel foam
Authors: Mirzaei Morteza , Paydar Mohammad Hossein
Published: August 2018

In this study, double-layer structured 316L stainless steel foam is fabricated through a layer by layer space holder method. The fabricated foams contain uniform pore distribution and can be categorized as body centered cubic crystal structures. Each sample is made of two layers in the axial direction. To induce 51 vol.% and 62 vol.% porosity in the first and the second layers, 1.7 to 2.0 mm and 2.0 to 2.4 mm spherical carbamide particles are used, respectively. In this study, the effect of the height of each layer on the compressive behavior of the fabricated foams is investigated in detail. The results indicate that compressive deformation of the double-layered foams starts from the high porosity (62 vol.%) layer and then shifts to the low porosity (51 vol.%) layer. Deformation of the double-layered 316L foams demonstrates two plateau regions, whose lengths depend on the heights of the low and high porosity layers.
Microstructure and mechanical behavior of Mg–Y–Zn alloys with respect to varying content of LPSO phase
Authors: Guo Yan-ping , Wang Ya-ning , Zhang Min-gang , Zhang Yue-zhong , Fang Da-qing , Wei Ying-hui , Liu Bao-sheng
Published: August 2018

Mg–Y–Zn alloys with different contents of alloying elements were prepared. The microstructure and mechanical properties of these Mg–Y–Zn alloys were investigated by using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and tensile testing. The results show that the as-cast Mg–Y–Zn alloy is mainly composed of α-Mg, Mg12YZn and Mg3Y2Zn3 phases. After Mn addition, a small quantity of Mn phase arises in the as-cast Mg–Y–Zn–Mn alloy. After extrusion, the microstructure of the alloys is of an inhomogeneous character showing fine grains produced due to dynamic recrystallization. Tensile strength of as-extruded Mg-9Y-1Zn, Mg-9Y-3Zn and Mg-9Y-3Zn-1Mn reached 249.86 MPa, 303.19 MPa and 322.15 MPa, respectively. The gradually increasing strength can be attributed to fine grain strengthening, second phase strengthening and LPSO structure. Additionally, the tensile fracture surfaces were examined under scanning electron microscopy, and all of their fracture morphologies exhibit dimple facture character.
PROBLEM OF INSTITUTIONAL PROVISION OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES IN UKRAINE
Authors: Araftenii A.M.
Published: August 2018

This article is devoted to the problem of institutional provision of socio-economic development of territorial communities in Ukraine, analysis of the peculiarities of administrative and territorial modernization at the regional level, streamlining of the system and structure of local authorities, as well as substantiation of the basic principles that are intended to ensure the effectiveness of institutional modernization of territorial communities in Ukraine . The system of local self-government does not meet the needs of society. Local governments do not have the necessary levers of influence, properly fulfill their functions in most of the territorial communities, do not ensure the creation and maintenance of a suitable living environment, which is necessary for the full development of the person, the protection of his rights, self-realization and providing the population with local self-government available administrative, social And other services in certain areas. The formation of self-sufficient, active and active territorial communities in Ukraine is a determining factor in the democratization of Ukrainian society and the realization of the constitutionally enshrined right of the people as the only source of power in our state. It is important for communities to create appropriate government institutions that are accountable to them and are in control, and which are actually effective. A territorial community is a collection of citizens of Ukraine who live together in a rural or urban settlement, have their collective interests and legal status, which is determined by law. Unlike a simple territorial unit, a settlement that has the status of a territorial community is given certain rights. First of all, this is the right to self-government. The united territorial communities will become a territorial unit of regional subordination. The institutional provision of territorial communities in Ukraine requires not only theoretical reflection and substantiation. Any theories are only worth something when they are tested in practice.
THE MARKETING ASPECT OF INNOVATIVE WINERIES
Authors: Bondarenko S.A.
Published: August 2018

The article aims to study the theoretical and methodological principles and develop practical recommendations on the marketing aspect of innovative wineries. The paper studies the essence of marketing approach to the development of innovative wineries. The analysis of export-import activities wine industry, assess the dynamics of capacity and degree of market opening. It is proved that the regulatory impact on the development of viticulture and wine-making should focus on the one hand, the direct work with the consumer, creating its national consciousness and awareness of domestic production of the wine industry, on the other - Restructuring imports. Development of state support for the wine industry Ukraine, taking into account international experience is an important impetus for the formation of the market grape and its products, characterized by a tendency to loss. The observed trend of price advantage of imports over exports, of course, requires special measures to counter. It is proved that a necessary means of promoting national product of the wine industry both in domestic and foreign market is the innovative marketing tools, marketing concept, which is based on the formation of the latest image system views and beliefs, philosophy, politics, marketing wine production Ukraine, forming a brand the use of branding technology that is key to the successful implementation of enterprise development strategy wine industry. The central core of the strategy and implementation of marketing wine industry has become the only regulator. These actions must be integrated to be backed up appropriate mechanisms to ensure, so need attention, both from the state and winemakers interested in promoting the brand in the market through integration of related industries, such as wine tourism.
Afrikanische Entwicklungsalternativen. Ubuntu und die Post-Development-Debatte
Authors: Matthews Sally
Published: August 2018

In den Post-Development-Theorien wird Ubuntu oft als Beispiel für eine „Alternative zu Entwicklung“ ins Feld geführt. Grundlegende Frage dieses Artikels ist, ob Ubuntu dafür geeignet ist, und was insgesamt von der Forderung nach „Alternativen zu Entwicklung“ zu halten ist. Dazu geht der Text zunächst zentralen Forderungen von Post-Development-Ansätzen nach und gibt einen Einblick in die Debatten zu Ubuntu. Auch wenn sich das Konzept gut in eine Post-Development-Perspektive einfügen lässt, liegt Versuchen, Ubuntu westlichen Vorstellungen und Lebensweisen entgegenzusetzen, oft der Wunsch zugrunde, eine ursprüngliche, vorkoloniale und reine afrikanische Philosophie wiederzubeleben. Dabei sind Diskurse über „Afrika“ immer schon in westliche Diskurse eingebettet, weshalb die Gegenüberstellung jene Dichotomien reproduziert, die sie zu bekämpfen vorgibt. Das gilt auch allgemeiner für das Konzept der „Alternativen zu Entwicklung“, das eine essentielle Dichotomie zu „Entwicklung“ postuliert. Diese verkennt aber den Anspruch auf Gleichberechtigung und Teilhabe, der in Forderungen des Globalen Südens nach Entwicklung laut wird. Dieser Kampf kann nicht außerhalb der bestehenden globalen Ordnung geführt werden, nur innerhalb. Anstatt romantisierenden Projektionen über ein Afrika jenseits von Entwicklung nachzuhängen, sollten die Sichtweisen der Menschen und ihr Bedürfnis nach Entwicklung zum Ausgangspunkt des Kampfes gegen Ungerechtigkeit und Ungleichheit gemacht werden.
„Aber erstmal hast du das Wort“ – Eine qualitativrekonstruktive Fallstudie zur Ausbildungsinteraktion und fachkulturellen Sozialisation im Praxissemester Sport
Authors: Schierz Matthias , Pallesen Hilke , Haverich Ann Kristin
Published: August 2018

Der vorliegende Beitrag thematisiert die Verberuflichungs- und Sozialisationsprozesse von Sportstudierenden in der Auseinandersetzung mit den fachkulturellen Normen, Praktiken und Orientierungen des Berufsfelds Schule im Rahmen des Praxissemesters. Fachkulturelle Sozialisation vollzieht sich in diesen Praxisphasen nicht nur, aber durchaus dominant in den Ausbildungsinteraktionen zwischen Studierenden und ihren schulischen Mentor*innen. Diese leiten die Praxis, das „Mit-Tun“ im fachlichen Feld und die Muster der Arbeits-, Diskussions- und Reflexionsweisen an, in denen der fachspezifische Habitus größtenteils unbewusst angeeignet wird. Dieser Beitrag verfolgt das Anliegen, die Praxisformen dieser Ausbildungsinteraktion hinsichtlich ihrer Bedeutung für die fachkulturelle Sozialisation anhand der Rekonstruktion einer Unterrichtsnachbesprechung zwischen Mentorin und Studentin zu untersuchen.
Habitus und Normen im Berufseinstieg von Lehrer*innen – eine mehrdimensionale Typenbildung aus der Perspektive der Dokumentarischen Methode
Authors: Hericks Uwe , Sotzek Julia , Rauschenberg Anna , Wittek Doris , Keller-Schneider Manuela
Published: August 2018

Der Beitrag präsentiert zentrale Ergebnisse einer rekonstruktiven Studie zum Berufseinstieg von Lehrerinnen und Lehrern. Untersucht wird die Frage, wie sich berufseinsteigende Lehrpersonen im Medium ihres Habitus mit wahrgenommenen Normen des beruflichen Handelns auseinandersetzen und diese bearbeiten. Grundlage bilden narrative Interviews mit 30 deutschen und schweizerischen Lehrpersonen des Gymnasiums und der Primarstufe, die über zwei Jahre in ihrem Berufseinstieg begleitet wurden. In der Auswertung mittels Dokumentarischer Methode konnten zwei modi operandi der Auseinandersetzung mit Spannungsverhältnissen zwischen den berufsbezogenen Habitus der Lehrpersonen und den von ihnen wahrgenommenen Normen rekonstruiert werden. Die Habitus gestalten sich in empirisch differenzierbaren konjunktiven Erfahrungsräumen der organisationsbezogenen und der unterrichtsbezogenen Interaktion unterschiedlich aus. Die Analysen lassen Prozessstrukturen der habituellen Bewältigung alltäglicher beruflicher Praxis erkennbar werden.
„man muss halt wissen wo ist gut wo fängt Lehrer an und wo fängt Lehrer auf“ – zu habituell-dilemmatischen Aushandlungsprozessen einer Gesamtschullehrerin
Authors: Graalmann Katharina
Published: August 2018

Frau Adler ist Lehrerin an einer Gesamtschule. Ausgewählte Passagen ihrer Falldarstellung bieten die Ausgangsfolie für eine Auseinandersetzung mit dem sich in ihrem Interview dokumentierenden Orientierungsdilemma, zwischen ihrer privaten und ihrer Lehrerinrolle authentisch zu differenzieren, um passend im Feld der Schule mit ihren Schüler*innen interagieren zu können. Das Habituskonzept nach Bourdieu sowie dessen methodologisch-methodische Funktion in der Dokumentarischen Methode nach Bohnsack sind hierbei leitend. Dass jede Person mehrere Habitus hat und diese feldspezifisch variabel sein können, wird ebenso deutlich wie Frau Adlers Distinktionsstreben im Vergleich zu ihren Kolleg*innen. Die Ausgestaltung eines Lehrer*innenhabitus lässt sich somit exemplarisch skizzieren.
Unter Lehrkräften. Zum Verhältnis von Kollegialität und Professionalität
Authors: Goldmann Daniel
Published: August 2018

Als zentrales Merkmal der Berufskultur von Lehrkräften wurde wiederholt der hohe Autonomieanspruch in der Unterrichtsdurchführung wie auch bei Entscheidungen über seine organisationale Rahmung hervorgehoben. Zur Erklärung dieses Anspruchs wird eine unter den Lehrkräften herrschende Kollegialität angeführt, die eine Einmischung in den jeweils anderen Unterricht vor inkompetenten oder unsachgemäßen Einflüssen verhindere und ermögliche, die „endemischen Unsicherheiten“ (Lortie) des Lehrer*innenberufs zu bewältigen. In Anschluss an die bisherige Theoriebildung und Forschung zu diesem Aspekt der Berufskultur werden zwei Erweiterungen formuliert. Zum einen präsentiert der Beitrag ein (meta-)theoretisches Begriffsangebot zur Erforschung der Kollegialität unter Lehrkräften. Zum anderen wird die Praxis der Kollegialität und damit die Gewährung und Durchsetzung von Autonomie zum Forschungsgegenstand gemacht. Die rekonstruierten Daten verdeutlichen nicht nur gängige Praxisformen der Kollegialität in Schulen, sondern verweisen des Weiteren darauf, dass Kollegialität zwar auch als Ausdruck von Profession verstanden werden kann, gleichzeitig aber die Gefahr besteht, dass darüber individuelle Professionalisierungsdefizite verdeckt und nicht über eine professionsinterne ‚Qualitätssicherung‘ bearbeitet werden.
Die Notwendigkeit der Verhandlung widersprüchlicher Anforderungen an das Lehren von Chemie an einer inklusiven Schule – Eine Fallstudie
Authors: Abels Simone , Heidinger Christine , Koliander Brigitte , Plotz Thomas
Published: August 2018

Inklusiver Unterricht ist in den letzten Jahren stärker in den Fokus von Schulentwicklung gerückt und stellt Lehrpersonen vor die Anforderung, ihren Unterricht zu verändern. Dabei ist vor allem die Vereinbarkeit mit der Vermittlung von fachlichen Inhalten problematisch und wenig erforscht. In der vorliegenden Fallstudie steht der Unterricht einer Chemielehrerin an einer inklusiven Schule im Fokus der Analyse. Der dokumentarischen Methode folgend wird der handlungsleitende Orientierungsrahmen der Lehrerin rekonstruiert. Es zeigt sich, dass der Orientierungsrahmen zwar partizipationsorientiert ist, dies aber weder den Anforderungen inklusiven Unterrichts noch jenen des Fachunterrichts genügt.
An optimal control scheme of canned switched reluctance motors for hydraulic pumps
Authors: Yu Qiang , Li Wentao , Chu Sai , Tian Lisi , Wang Xuesong , Cheng Yuhu , Xia Chenyang
Published: August 2018

This paper introduces an optimal control model strategy to minimize system loss and meantime to maintain low torque ripple for a can-shielded switched reluctance machine (SRM). The system loss consists of semiconductor loss from power converter, as well as loss from the machine which not only includes traditional iron and copper losses, but also the characteristic ohmic can loss and friction loss due to the use of can shields. In particular, the can loss is calculated by Poynting’s theorem of magnetic energy conversion using a model of concentric layer structure. Loss of semiconductors considers temperature rise effect by an electro-thermal coupling approach. The effectiveness is verified on a 3-phase 20 kW 12/8 canned SRM.
Möglichkeiten und Grenzen von Steuerpolitik
Authors: Himpele Klemens , Recht Alexander
Published: August 2018

This article deals with the role and the framework of governmental tax politics in general, It analyses to what extent profit taxation can regnlate social relations and reduce economic disequilibria, After discussing the effects of taxation on the distribution of income between capital and labour in general, the article goes into the details of concrete taxation of income and profits in Germany.
Marktsozialismus - Die Linke auf der Suche nach einer neuen Theorie
Authors: Götsch Katharina
Published: August 2018

The history of a theoretical concept called 'market socialism' is inspected, This concept has become updated in the face of current or imminent occnrences and developments in transforming societies like Cuba, Venezuela and China, It will be discussed whether market socialism is a 'contradiction in terms', the unconditional surrender in favour of the market or the last chance for an existing socialism in the future,
Ressourcenpolitik und Geschlechtergerechtigkeit
Authors: Bauhardt Christine
Published: August 2018

Resource politics means the access to resources, the use of resources and the governance of resources. The current debate on climate change contributes to the ongoing social and economic injustice within gender relations. The article asks for non-hegemonic approaches to resource politics striving for gender equity and suggests a feminist understanding of sustainable livelihood as an adequate concept.
Große Krisen seit den 1930er Jahren
Authors: Schmidt Ingo
Published: August 2018

The Great Depression of the 1930s was a breakthrough to ‘One Big Wave’ of accumulation under US hegemony. This wave reached its crest with the stagflation crisis of the 1970s, which also saw a first challenge to US hegemony, and has reached its limits in the present crisis. Though no successor hegemon is in sight, the US has increasing difficulties to lead the world economy out of the crisis. Theoretically, the article draws on Rosa Luxemburg’s theory of capitalist accumulation. Considering the criticisms that her original theory met, a slightly modified version is presented here. From this angle, complementary processes of outward and inward expansion of capital marked the period between the 1930s and the 1970s. The following period saw a shift towards outward expansion, namely into former developmental states in the South and formerly state socialist countries in the East, and financialization. The latter is a symptom of continued limits to capital accumulation, eventually leading to financial crisis and a Great Recession in 2008/09.
Die EU und die große Krise
Authors: Becker Joachim , Jäger Johannes
Published: August 2018

The EU has been severely, but unevenly affected by the current crisis. The article asks why and how European countries are affected differently by the crisis and why responses to the crisis diverge. Based on a regulationist framework, it is argued that the existence of different regimes of accumulation and their specific linkages explain those phenomena to a large extent. It is concluded that the policy measures proposed until now by dominant social forces are limited to rather minor changes and aim at the restoration of the regimes of accumulation which had been dominant during the past decades.
Die Paradoxien der eurozentrierten kolonialen Moderne
Authors: Quijano Aníbal
Published: August 2018

Modernity cannot be separated from colonialism, we have to consider the specific colonialist mode of power, which is characterised by “rassialisation” on the one hand and a combination of all forms of exploitation under the rule of capital in order to produce commodities for the world market. Colonial modernity is in several aspects eurocentrical: providing the conditions of existence for a eurocentrical industrial capital and constituting a special horizon of meaning. The paradoxes and contradictions included in this process are analysed with focus on the history of “Latin America”.
Umstrittene Geschichte
Authors: Framke Maria , Tschurenev Jana
Published: August 2018

This article traces the complexity of anti- and post-colonial answers to Fascism and Nazism by looking at debates about fascism in India. By avoiding the often employed Euro-centrist approach of a generic concept of fascism, it tries to decentralize European experience. After reconstructing those post-colonial historiographical arguments which use the term ‘fascism’, we examine the historical reception of Fascism and Nazism in the anti-colonial movement. In doing so, the article first outlines the debates about Hindutva as a Fascist ideology and subsequently analyses Indian discussions about Italy, Germany and European Fascism in the 1930ies.
Marx & Moderne: Dialektik der Befreiung oder Paradoxien der Individualisierung?
Authors: Stadlinger Jörg , Sauer Dieter
Published: August 2018

This article discusses the use of “paradox” and “ambivalence” as key terms of social theory as suggested by modernization theories instead of the dialectical term “contradiction”. It is shown that the underlying assumption of these concepts – the “paradoxical force to freedom” – is based on questionable and not thought-out premises. In contrast, the use of Hegel’s dialectical idea of freedom and Marx’s Theory of Productive Forces offers a perspective in which “paradoxes” stated by the modernization theories can be conceptualised and in which the underlying changes can be identified as a momentum of a Dialectic of Liberation. The historical basis of the “Paradoxes of Individualization” are changes in the relation of autonomy and heteronomy related to the radical change in the organisation of work.
Marx, Foucault und das Projekt einer Wissenssoziologie der Wirtschaftswissenschaften
Authors: Pahl Hanno
Published: August 2018

The paper argues for carrying forward the project of investigation and critique of economics in the tradition of the Critique of Political Economy. It first examines Marxian and Foucauldian perspectives on economics before turning to more recent attempts in the field of Social Studies of Science (namely Mirowksi and Yonay). Various modes of critique are discussed and compared. Two of the main questions regard the problem whether the discussion of economic theories should rely on a strong concept of truth and how to discuss correlations between structural and semantic dimensions.
Elemente neuer Bürgerlichkeit
Authors: Salomon David
Published: August 2018

The traditional characterization of the so called Black-Yellow coalition as a „bourgeois coalition“ elicited a broad debate over the relationship between citizens and bourgeoisie members. This debate was essentially characterized by a suppression of the connection between „bourgeois society“ and capitalism. The article recalls the relationship between “citoyen” and “bourgeois” and in this context reflects upon post-democratic attempts at „liberating“ capitalism from its vessels of democratic (class) representation. In this historic moment, citizen opposition alone will prove to be harmless. In defence of democracy it is of paramount importance to reestablish the concept of class as a political term.
The Effect of Sport Tourists' Travel Style, Destination and Event Choices, and Motivation on Their Involvement in Small-Scale Sports Events
Authors: Priporas Constantinos-Vasilios , Vassiliadis Chris A. , Stylos Nikolaos , Fotiadis Anestis K.
Published: August 2018

This exploratory study investigates whether and in which way motivation and destination, travel, and event selection criteria influence sport tourists' involvement in small-scale events. Thus, a model was developed and tested at a small-scale sport event in Sfendami, Greece. To test
the six hypotheses of the proposed model a primary research study was conducted, which received responses from 181 participants. Implementation of the partial least square technique showed that changes in sport tourists' travel style exert a direct and positive effect on involvement, as well
as an indirect effect with motivation acting as a mediator; however, perception of destination and events characteristics does not exert a significant influence on participants' involvement. Additionally, the model's ability to predict the motivational aspects of sport tourists' participation
was demonstrated. Multidimensional scaling was employed to assist with event service design and improve organizers' capabilities to develop effective promotional strategies.
TOTAL AREA BASED ON ORTHOGONAL VECTORS (TAOV) AS A NOVEL METHOD OF MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION AID
Authors: Razavi Hajiagha Seyed Hossein , Mahdiraji Hannan Amoozad , Hashemi Shide Sadat
Published: August 2018

Multi criteria decision aid (MCDA) deals with the problem of evaluating a set of finite alternatives regard to a set of finite criteria. A remarkable volume of qualitative and quantitative researches are done on decision making methods and situations, indicating its important role for managers at different organizational levels. These types of problems are applied in many different fields of human life. A challenging feature of these problems is non-existence of an optimal solution due to considering multiple criteria and the proposed methods seeking to find a satisfactory solution called efficient of Pareto-optimal. In consideration of MCDA problem, in this paper a new method is proposed for solving DM problems, consisting three fundamental steps of initialization, orthogonalization, and comparison. Thus, a new MCDA method called total area based on orthogonal vectors (TAOV) is introduced. This method is constructed on orthogonality of decision criteria. Application of TAOV method is illustrated in a decision problem and its performance is evaluated regard to other MCDA methods. Furthermore, its features are explained around the features of a desirable MCDA method. The obtained results indicate that the TAOV method can be considered as an acceptable method of handling multi-criteria decision making problems.