bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Levosimendan Use Increases Cardiac Performance after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients
Authors: Atalay Hakan , Temizturk Zeki , Altinsoy Hasan Baki , Azboy Davut , Atalay Atakan , Colak Salih , Dogan Omer Faruk
Published: October 2016

Background: The effect of levosimendan on myocardial performance has not been studied in dialysis-dependent end-stage renal disease patients who have undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. Our aim was to investigate the effect of levosimendan on postoperative hemodynamic effects in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing CABG operation.Methods: We performed 58 elective isolated CABG operations in end-stage renal disease patients. The study group received levosimendan at a slow bolus dose of 3 µg/kg, followed by a 24-hour infusion of 0.03-0.05 µg/kg/kg/min. (study group [SG]: n = 25). The remaining patients received a placebo (control group [CG]: n = 33). The mean left ventricular ejection fraction of both groups was similar (44.6 ± 55.4% versus 42.8 ± 53.9%). Hemodynamic data were collected at the end, at 1 hour after CPB, and thereafter at 6, 12, and 24 hours in the ICU. Preoperatively, at the end of the operation, at 1 hour after CPB, and thereafter at 6, 12, and 24 hours in the ICU, blood samples from the peripheral vein were collected for cardiac troponin-I (c-TnI) and lactate levels. Norepinephrine if needed started during the rewarming period in both groups.Results: One patient in SG (4%) and 4 patients (12.1%) in CG died postoperatively (P < .01). Cardiac output and cardiac index values did not change early after weaning from extracorporeal circulation, and they were nearly similar during the next 6 hours in both groups. In SG, cardiac output and cardiac index significantly improved at 6 hours, and were stable at the end of 24 hours (P < .001). Hemodynamic parameters were nearly similar after the operation, and did not change significantly at the end of 24 hours in CG. Hemodynamic improvement caused a significant reduction in systemic and pulmonary artery vascular resistance index in SG (P < .002). Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure decreased significantly in SG (P < .034). Cumulative inotrope dose requirement and intraaortic balloon pump use were significantly lower in SG. In addition, blood lactate and cTnI levels were significanly lower in SG (P < .044).Conclusion: No important adverse effect was detected during levosimendan infusion. Because levosimendan at a dose of 0.03-0.05 μg/kg/min increased myocardial performance significantly in the postoperative period, it can be used safely in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing isolated CABG. The requirement of vasopressors were lower in SG.
Letter from the Editor in Chief
Authors: Levinson, MD Mark M.
Published: October 2016

Twenty years ago, I presented a new vision for medical publishing. The Heart Surgery Forum was inaugurated in August of 1995 as a multimedia scientific publication communicating over the new “Information Highway” known as the graphical Web. Â In the early days of HTML and HTTP, new ideas could evolve and disseminate quickly to a community that spanned the globe. The HSF began as a “Labor of Love” for my profession and my colleagues as a dynamic tool for the betterment of themselves and their patients. Included in the original HSF Web site was a novel means to present interesting cases using color photos, movies, text and graphics, which was groundbreaking in 1995.
Sequence of the Sugar Pine Megagenome
Authors: Stevens Kristian A , Wegrzyn Jill L , Zimin Aleksey , Puiu Daniela , Crepeau Marc , Cardeno Charis , Paul Robin , Gonzalez-Ibeas Daniel , Koriabine Maxim , Holtz-Morris Ann E , Martínez-García Pedro J , Sezen Uzay U , Marçais Guillaume , Jermstad Kathy , McGuire Patrick E , Loopstra Carol A , Davis John M , Eckert Andrew , de Jong Pieter , Yorke James A , Salzberg Steven L , Neale David B , Langley Charles H
Published: October 2016

Until very recently, complete characterization of the megagenomes of conifers has remained elusive. The diploid genome of sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana Dougl.) has a highly repetitive, 31 billion bp genome. It is the largest genome sequenced and assembled to date, and the first from the subgenus Strobus, or white pines, a group that is notable for having the largest genomes among the pines. The genome represents a unique opportunity to investigate genome “obesity” in conifers and white pines. Comparative analysis of P. lambertiana and P. taeda L. reveals new insights on the conservation, age, and diversity of the highly abundant transposable elements, the primary factor determining genome size. Like most North American white pines, the principal pathogen of P. lambertiana is white pine blister rust (Cronartium ribicola J.C. Fischer ex Raben.). Identification of candidate genes for resistance to this pathogen is of great ecological importance. The genome sequence afforded us the opportunity to make substantial progress on locating the major dominant gene for simple resistance hypersensitive response, Cr1. We describe new markers and gene annotation that are both tightly linked to Cr1 in a mapping population, and associated with Cr1 in unrelated sugar pine individuals sampled throughout the species’ range, creating a solid foundation for future mapping. This genomic variation and annotated candidate genes characterized in our study of the Cr1 region are resources for future marker-assisted breeding efforts as well as for investigations of fundamental mechanisms of invasive disease and evolutionary response.
Degradation of the Mitotic Cyclin Clb3 Is not Required for Mitotic Exit but Is Necessary for G1 Cyclin Control of the Succeeding Cell Cycle
Authors: Pecani Kresti , Cross Frederick R
Published: October 2016

B-type cyclins promote mitotic entry and inhibit mitotic exit. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, four B-type cyclins, Clb1–4, carry out essential mitotic roles, with substantial but incomplete overlap of function among them. Previous work in many organisms has indicated that B-type cyclin-dependent inhibition of mitotic exit imposes a requirement for mitotic destruction of B-type cyclins. For instance, precise genomic removal of the Clb2 destruction box (D box) prevents mitotic proteolysis of Clb2, and blocks mitotic exit. Here, we show that, despite significant functional overlap between Clb2 and Clb3, D-box-dependent Clb3 proteolysis is completely dispensable for mitotic exit. Removal of the Clb3 D box results in abundant Clb3 protein and associated kinase throughout the cell cycle, but mitotic exit occurs with close to normal timing. Clb3 degradation is required for pre-Start G1 control in the succeeding cell cycle. Deleting the CLB3 D box essentially eliminates all time delay before cell cycle Start following division, even in very small newborn cells. CLB3∆db cells show no cell cycle arrest response to mating pheromone, and CLB3∆db completely bypasses the requirement for CLN G1 cyclins, even in the absence of the early expressed B-type cyclins CLB5,6. Thus, regulated mitotic proteolysis of Clb3 is specifically required to make passage of Start in the succeeding cell cycle “memoryless”—dependent on conditions within that cycle, and independent of events such as B-type cyclin accumulation that occurred in the preceding cycle.
Establishing a Standard Protocol for the Voiding Cystourethrography
Authors: Frimberger Dominic , Mercado-Deane Maria-Gisela ,   SECTION ON UROLOGY,   SECTION ON RADIOLOGY, McKenna Patrick H. , Austin J. Christopher , Austin Paul F. , Cooper Christopher S. , Greenfield Saul P. , Herndon C.D. Anthony , Kolon Thomas F. , MacNeily Andrew E. , Park John M. , Wan Julian H. , Mercado-Deane Maria-Gisela , Annam Aparna , Bulas Dorothy , Cassese John , Milla Sarah , Seidel F. Glen , Cassady Christopher
Published: October 2016

The voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) is a frequently performed test to diagnose a variety of urologic conditions, such as vesicoureteral reflux. The test results determine whether continued observation or an interventional procedure is indicated. VCUGs are ordered by many specialists and primary care providers, including pediatricians, family practitioners, nephrologists, hospitalists, emergency department physicians, and urologists. Current protocols for performing and interpreting a VCUG are based on the International Reflux Study in 1985. However, more recent information provided by many national and international institutions suggests a need to refine those recommendations. The lead author of the 1985 study, R.L. Lebowitz, agreed to and participated in the current protocol. In addition, a recent survey directed to the chairpersons of pediatric radiology of 65 children’s hospitals throughout the United States and Canada showed that VCUG protocols vary substantially. Recent guidelines from the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommend a VCUG for children between 2 and 24 months of age with urinary tract infections but did not specify how this test should be performed. To improve patient safety and to standardize the data obtained when a VCUG is performed, the AAP Section on Radiology and the AAP Section on Urology initiated the current VCUG protocol to create a consensus on how to perform this test.
ВПРОВАДЖЕННЯ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО–КОМУНІКАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ ПРИ ВИКЛАДАННІ ДИСЦИПЛІНИ «ВЕТЕРИНАРНА ТОКСИКОЛОГІЯ»
Authors: Boiko G.V. , Ischenko V.D.
Published: October 2016

E–learning now becomes an actual part of the modern education system, provides a new opportunity in access to educational information resources, in the management of educational processes, in actualization of educational resources and management them, in the organizing of education new forms by using of distance learning, greatly enlarging possibilities for the traditional educational system. High efficiency of educational processes is achieved by collaborative used of e–learning different forms with traditional learning forms. This technology is called blended learning (blended–learning).The purpose of implementation the e–learning is to enhance the quality of education. The tasks to be solving directly by using the e–learning can be different and depend on the structure of educational institution and stage of development and other factors.Using of educational and information system has auxiliary character, and traditional teaching methods (including lectures) in this case saved. However, use of Moodle enables to move routine elements of discipline, which do not require serious consultations of teacher, in the educational system for individually study by students, and at lectures to focus more on problem issues of discipline.The article deals with the implementation of information and communication technologies in the Department of pharmacology and toxicology National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine (Kyiv) at the teaching of "Veterinary toxicology" discipline by using the e–learning course created on the e–learning platform the Moodle and placed on the educational and information portal of the university.
ПОКАЗНИКИ АЗОТОВОГО ОБМІНУ КУРЧАТ–БРОЙЛЕРІВ КРОСУ РОСС–308 ЗА СУМІСНОЇ ДІЇ ОХРАТОКСИНУ А ТА ДЕЗОКСИНІВАЛЕНОЛУ
Authors: Duhnytskyy V.B. , Boiko Y.V. , Boiko G.V. , Boiko N.І.
Published: October 2016

Mycotoxicoses of farm animals cause the huge losses on a global scale, therefore the development of new methods for their treatment and prevention mycotoxins entry to organism of animals is still priority in veterinary toxicology.Today the understanding that the vast majority of animals mycotoxicoses cases is the mixed mycotoxicoses, that are resulting toxic effects of complex set of different mycotoxins, which complicates their diagnostics and prevention and treatment.Most of animals mycotoxicoses is a chronic disease at which disturbed metabolism, and the most vulnerable are lymphoid organs, liver, ductless glands and central nervous system. Therefore, treatment of animals should be complex – antidote, pathogenetic and symptomatic,and the search for new tools in the fight against mycotoxicosis in animals is a topical research direction in modern veterinary medicine.The article presents the experimental data about joint action of ochratoxin A and deoxynivalenol on nitrogenous metabolism parameters of broiler chickens. Conditions of nitrogenous metabolism in the organism of broiler chickens were studied by content of total protein, albumin, urea and creatinine. Established that the joint action of ochratoxin A and deoxynivalenol to the broiler chickens manifested dysproteinemia, that is the result of liver protein synthesis function disorder and absorption of protein cleavage products from the small intestine, owing to mucous membrane lesions through toxins. Increase of urea and creatinine in the blood plasma of broiler chickens by combined effect of ochratoxin A and deoxynivalenol is a result of disorder of renal excretory function due to exposure to toxins.
КЛІНІКО–ГЕМАТОЛОГІЧНІ ПОКАЗНИКИ КОРІВ ПІВНІЧНО–СХІДНОЇ БІОГЕОХІМІЧНОЇ ЗОНИ УКРАЇНИ ЗА РІЗНИХ ПЕРІОДІВ ЛАКТАЦІЇ
Authors: Grushanska N.G. , Kostenko V.M.
Published: October 2016

Complicating effect of the adverse technogenic environmental factors that cause changes of biogeocoenose at the interaction with the natural deficiency of biogenic microelements, contributes to appearing and spread of pathology of mineral metabolism in farm animals, particularly in lactating cows. The question about the impact of the northern–eastern biogeochemical zone of Ukraine on the clinical and hematological parameters of cows at lactation’s period is studied insufficiently.The research was conducted in the three farms of Chernihiv region (northern–eastern biogeochemical zone).In the article the materials of our scientific research on determination of the clinical indicators among cows (heart rate, respiratory rate) are represented. The experimental diagnostic system is built on the principle: the sensor – amplifier – generator USW – modulator frequencies – antenna transmitter – receiver antenna – receiver – the computer. Blood was tested on the biochemical analyzer «Labline – 010» with standard set of reagents and the keeping conditions and ration of feeding cows were analized according to conventional methods.The benefits of remote diagnostic device for clinical signs of cows by researcher’s saving time on 37.5% are established. The clinical indicators and main indicators of metabolism among cows of the northern–eastern biogeochemical zones in the 8 – 15, 55 – 65, 150 – 170 day of lactation and 55 – 60 days befor calving are investigated.
ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ДОБАВКИ «СИЛІМАСК» ЗА ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОГО ТОКСИКОЗУ У ЩУРІВ
Authors: Zhuravlоv O. , Hunchak V.
Published: October 2016

Chronic experimental poisoning of rats by carbon tetrachloride is accompanied by depression, reduced appetite, weak response to external stimuli. It has been shown a reduction of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in the blood of experimental animals. Eosinophilia and neutrophilia also was observed in these rats. A decrease of functional state of liver is by inhibition of protein synthesis and detoxification functions and significant increased of activity of transaminases and alkaline phosphatase. The use of supplements for medicinal purposes«Sylimask» helped restore the functional state of the experimental rats. On the 30 day experiment, the animals found in the blood increase the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin. The presence in the composition of dietary supplements milled fruits of milk thistle, bee pollen and ascorbic acid provided an effective anti–inflammatory, antioxidant and hepatoprotective action on experimental hepatitis. Serum of rats by using biologically active supplements significantly increased serum total protein, including albumin, decreased activity of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase. The increase in blood catalase activity and inhibition of lipid peroxidation, as evidenced by a decrease in blood secondary and end products of oxidation by exposure «Sylimasku» is the result of activation of the drug enzymatic antioxidant system level. The use of for cure a preparation of comparison «Hepaton», which also contains in its composition the fruits milk thistle is a positive effect on chronic hepatitis B in the experimental rats. However, the impact of digital measurements was a less pronounced and the period of a full restoration of the functional state of animals longer.
ВПЛИВ ІМУНОМОДУЛЯТОРІВ НА ПОКАЗНИКИ КЛІТИННОГО ІМУНІТЕТУ ЛОШАТ ВЕРХОВИХ ПОРІД
Authors: Кrytsia I.P.
Published: October 2016

To maintain a body at sufficient physiological level the effective functioning of the immune system, which determines the resistance and immune reactivity of animals, is necessary. In our studies in newborn foals indicators of cellular immunity were mature. During the studying of foals of all ages were established the reduction of hematological parameters in animals months of age.The use of immunomodulators prevents the immunodeficiency in animals. Immunomodulators introduction for animals normalizes T–immune system, in particular, increases the number of leucocytes in the blood, lymphocytes of certain populations, especially teofilin–resistant subpopulation of T–helper cells, increases the functional activity of lymphocytes.Under influence of ribotan revealed a trend to the increasing of T–lymphocytes by 0.2 – 1.2% (0.4 – 2.3%), respectively in Purebred Saddle and Ukrainian Saddle breeds. Results of the content of T–helper and T–suppressor cells in foals blood after ribotan administration showed that the use of immunomodulators not only increases the number of T–helper cells, but restores the ratio T–h / T–s, which returned to the optimal rate (1.9). Analyzing the functional status of T–lymphocytes during the application of immunomodulators was found the probable increase of the number of activated T–lymphocytes in Purebred Saddle foals more than 2–fold (P <0.01) and trend to increase of these cells in Ukrainian Saddle foals. In relation to thermostable T–lymphocytes, was note that the trend to the most optimal level of these cells installed in foals after administration of ribotan (values within 3 – 4%). The increasing in number of thermostable T–cells more than 4% indicates an increase power of suppressor T–cells population, indicating the inhibition of T–helper cells, and therefore the production of antibodies. Thus, the use of ribotan in dose of 1 ml / animal for three days leads to an increasing in 1.4 – 4.5% of the number of leukocytes in the blood of experimental group of foals compared with control animals. Under influence of ribotan in the blood of foals increases cell (number of T–lymphocytes in 0.4 – 2.3%) and functional activity (T–active lymphocytes in 2.3 times; P < 0.05) T–immune system. Under influence of cycloferon in the blood of foals increases the functional activity of T–immune system (the number of T–active lymphocytes in 16.7 – 25%; P < 0.05).
ВМІСТ МІКРОЕЛЕМЕНТІВ В СИРОВАТЦІ КРОВІ ТІЛЬНИХ КОРІВ РІЗНИХ БІОГЕОХІМІЧНИХ ПРОВІНЦІЙ
Authors: Saulko V.
Published: October 2016

The article presents data on the content of certain trace elements in the blood serum of healthy and signs of micronutrient malnutrition calf cows from different biogeochemical provinces. The content of certain trace elements in the blood serum of healthy calf cows from different biogeochemical provinces varies significantly, however, is in the physiological range. In terms of biogeochemical province Ternopil region set reduction iodine and zinc in serum of cows at 2 – 23% to reflect the animal’s south–eastern provinces of Dnipropetrovsk, Sumy, Nikolaev and Donetsk regions. Serum animal’s biogeochemical province Sumy Oblast lowest content of copper, manganese and cobalt. Soils northeastern provinces biogeochemical obviously richer data micronutrients, resulting from the higher their content in blood serum of cows, however, the data is also not homogeneous. Serum cow’s biogeochemical province Dnipropetrovsk region below iodine, copper and cobalt at higher zinc and manganese compared to the figures of animal’s biogeochemical provinces Mykolayiv and Donetsk region. Even in clinically healthy cows of the experimental farms zinc in serum rather low (14.8 – 17.4 mmol/l). In animals with signs of disease on the lack of trace elements zinc in serum is lower at 17 – 29% (r ≤ 0.05 – 0.01) from healthy animals. Moreover, lowest zinc in the blood serum of animal’s biogeochemical province Ternopil region.In clinically healthy animals with biogeochemical province Dnipropetrovsk region manganese content in serum is the highest (4.10 ± 0.15 mmol/l), and even in animals with clinical signs of the disease was not significantly changed, whereas in animals from other provinces manganese content within 1.96 – 2.32 mmol/l, respectively 25 – 41% (r ≤ 0.01 – 0.001) below that of the clinically healthy animals in respective farms. The authentic reduction iodine, copper, manganese, cobalt and zinc in serum of animals with signs lack micronutrients different biogeochemical provinces. Thus, the iodine content in the blood serum of animals with signs lack micronutrients was at 16 – 24% Zinc at 17–29, on 22.6 – 41.1% copper, cobalt to manganese and 2.4 – 51% to 25 – 41% below that of the clinically healthy animals.
ВМІСТ ВАЖКИХ МЕТАЛІВ У КОРМАХ, ОРГАНІЗМІ ТВАРИН ТА ПРОДУКЦІЇ ТВАРИННИЦТВА В АГРОЕКОЛОГІЧНИХ УМОВАХ ЗАКАРПАТТЯ
Authors: Sachko R.G. , Lesyk Ja.V. , Luchka I.V. , Nevostruyeva I.V.
Published: October 2016

We studied the content of Cadmium, Lead, Strontium and Nickel in the biological systems: environment – feed – animal – livestock products in agroecological conditions of Zacarpathian region. It is noted that the content of Cadmium and Strontium in soil samples taken from commercial land PAL «Lastochka», Uzhgorod district, Zacarpathian region did not exceed the maximum allowable concentrations, whereas the levels of Lead and Nickel were higher. The content of investigated elements in water used for watering cows in farm was 0.02–1.02 mg/l and did not exceed the maximum allowable concentrations which is up to veterinary and sanitary requirements. It is known from the literary sources that there is interdependency between the heavy metals level in soil and their accumulation in farming cultures. The obtained results of the study of heavy metals in feed (hay, straw, wheat, mixed fodder) harvested on the farm did not exceed the maximum allowable concentrations of studied elements in feed rations for animals. It is known that heavy metals in fodder transform in animal organism and have influence on the intensity of metabolic processes, physiological and biochemical condition and animal productivity. Concentrations of the elements in cows’ whole blood and hair were within physiological values. Absolute content of Cadmium, Lead, Strontium and Nickel in the milk of studied cows were under 0.014; 0.02; 0.15 and 0.2 mg/kg, respectively and did not exceed the maximum allowable concentrations.The analysis of coefficient of correlation between the heavy metals content in biological systems: environment – feed – animal – livestock products revealed the strong correlation between the heavy metals content in soil and water, in straw and mixed fodder, in blood, hair and milk, and the poorly expressed correlation between their content in catena: water – straw – blood – milk.
ГЕМАТОЛОГІЧНІ ТА МІКРОБІОЛОГІЧНІ ПОКАЗНИКИ, СТАН ПРИРОДНИХ МЕХАНІЗМІВ ЗАХИСТУ У КОРОПА ЗА ДІЇ ПРЕПАРАТУ «ФЛЮМЕК»
Authors: Solopova H. , Vishchur O.
Published: October 2016

In the article presented results of own researches on the impact of antibacterial drug «Flyumek» on microbiological, hematological and immunological parameters of fish.The study was conducted in three groups of healthy age–2 carp, it was six animals each groups. The first group – research, through which the probe within 7 days of antibiotic «Flyumek» at 10 mg/kg of fish with 3% starch suspension, the second experimental group – 20 mg/kg of fish, the third group – control, received only 3% in starch suspension. Fish was kept in special trays under conditions of continuous closed system of water circulation. The material for the research served fish blood, which was taken after the experiment.For determine the sensitivity of pathogenic microorganisms of fish to the drug «Flyumek»  was taken biological material from external integument, gills and internal organs (kidneys) carp with signs of the most common infectious diseases – Aeromonas infection. It was found a high antibacterial activity of the drug – diameter zone growth retardation culture around the disc was 25 mm.Investigated hematological parameters, particularly the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin concentration in the blood of carp experimental and control groups were within standard values for the age and species of fish. Not recorded probable changes in the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin concentration in the blood of experimental carp groups compared to control. This suggests no violation of the oxygen–transport function of red blood cells and hemolysis .Was studied parameters characterizing humoral nonspecific resistance – lysozyme and bactericidal activity of serum and content of circulating immune complexes. Stated that the fish that received study drug in an amount of 10 mg / kg, the content of circulating immune complexes was 51.7 ± 1.78 mmol/l and virtually no different from the control group, where their content – 50.3 ± 1.78 mmol/l, and the application of higher doses – 20 mg/kg, recorded an increase in their level to 60.3 ± 2.16 mmol/l, indicating a tendency to increase the antigenic load on the carp body . As a result dose of the drug «Flyumek» 10 mg/kg caused increase lysozyme and serum bactericidal activity of fish according to 10.0 (p < 0.05) and 11.5%. However, the use of larger doses – 20 mg/kg caused a downward trend bactericidal activity, but did not significantly affect the activity lysozyme serum.The results of the research indicate a high antibacterial activity of the drug «Flyumek» and no immunosuppressive action of investigational drug on humoral non–specific resistance of the organism carp. In this case, the drug dose of 10 mg/kg causes immune–stimulating effects on the natural defense mechanisms of fish.
ЕТІОЛОГІЧНА СТРУКТУРА ГОСТРИХ ШЛУНКОВО–КИШКОВИХ ЗАХВОРЮВАНЬ ТЕЛЯТ
Authors: Berezovskyi A. , Fotyna T. , Ulko L. , Nechyporenko A. , Tytov E.
Published: October 2016

The results of tests of samples of biological material from the calves with acute gastrointestinal diseases presents in the article. It was found that the occurrence and development of acute gastrointestinal diseases the leading role played by opportunistic bacteria association: S. aureus, S. saprophiticus, S. agalactiae, S. faecalis, S. pyogenes, E. coli, E. cloacae, C. jejuni, P. vulgaris, P. mirabilis, P. aeruginosa and K. Pneumoniae. Of the 632 examinations we studied 2,786 samples of biological material. Analysis of the results on our diagnostic work shows that acute gastrointestinal disease in calves caused by microbial associations. At acute gastrointestinal disease isolated pathogen E. coli – 21.0%. Coccoid microorganisms group also had significant representation. Thus, a biomaterial of 15.5% was allocated S. faecalis, at 11.6% was allocated pathogen S. aureus. Although to a lesser extent, but large office in the species spectrum of microorganisms by acute gastrointestinal diseases of calves occupied S. agalactiae – 4.8%, S. saprophiticus – 4.6%, S. pyogenes – 3.7%. Among the important place occupied microorganisms culture P. vulgaris – 8.5% of the total allocation of the samples. The average discharge frequency was characteristic for Campylobacter jejuni – 6.5% of cases.In analyzing the sensitivity of microorganisms isolated from calves with acute gastro–intestinal diseases to different groups of antibiotic drugs found that E. coli has a low sensitivity to antibiotics almost all studied groups. The largest number of selected crops susceptible to cephalosporins – 74.8%. Most of the isolated cultures weaklysensitive or insensitive to antibiotics studied by us. These data are an indication of the spread of antibiotic–resistant strains of microorganisms among newborn calves in the farms of Sumy and Chernihiv regions, which explains the low efficiency of antibiotic therapy. Highly active towards crop S. aureus, S. saprophiticus, S. agalactiae, S. faecalis, S. pyogenes, E. coli, E. cloacae, C. jejuni, P. vulgaris, P. mirabilis, P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumoniae were drug «Ceftioklin» and combined antibacterial agents.
ДІАГНОСТИЧНИЙ ЕТАП ГІНЕКОЛОГІЧНОЇ ДИСПАНСЕРИЗАЦІЇ НЕПЛІДНИХ КОРІВ
Authors: Katsaraba O.A. , Dmytriv O.J. , Kostyshyn Ye.Ye. , Ivashkiv R.M. , Kudla I.M. , Sachuk R.M.
Published: October 2016

The problem of obstetric and gynecological pathology is one of the first places among non–communicable animal diseases. To resolve this problem in Ukraine cows developed clinical examination, which includes a set of diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive measures aimed at creating healthy herds of animals.Equally important in preventing gynecological pathology given the planned health center, one of the stages of which are blood tests. Timely such studies can detect subclinical forms of metabolic disorders, prescribe the use of causal group, replaceableand pathogenetic therapy. Therefore, followin gour task during obstetric clinical examination cows to study blood parameters in fertile cows for 2 – 3 months after calving compared with cows that showed characteristic signs of sexual arousal stage of the cycle. It was established that the increase in blood cows sialic acids content above 253.0 USD, circulating immune complexes above 16.0 c.u., malondialdehyde levels above 8.14 mmol/L, diene conjugates above 2, 11 mmol/l and the average molecular weight of more than 1.05 indicates the course of inflammation in the development of sexual system and infertility.
ПРООКСИДАНТНО–АНТИОКСИДАНТНИЙ СТАТУС КОРІВ ЗА ГОНАДОПАТІЙ
Authors: Fedorenko S.
Published: October 2016

Situational increase in the concentration of free oxide in the body for a reduction of antioxidant defense is accompanied by the development of pathological processes.One of the major cell damage by free radicals is the destruction of the fatty acids that make up cell membranes (lipid peroxidation). Peroxidation of lipids of biological membranes causes a disturbance of the barrier function and reduces the enzymatic activity; disintegrates receptor binding and vesicular transport. This leads to disruption of cellular activity, accelerated apoptosis degeneration, necrobiosis, atrophy and necrosis.The damaging effect of oxygen radicals in the cell antioxidant defense system opposed., protection function is performed by enzymes – superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, and low molecular weight non–enzymatic antioxidants (carotenoids, tocopherol), water soluble vitamins (ascorbic acid).Thus, the oxidation of lipid structures underlying the development of many diseases, including pathologies animal reproductive organs.Among the disorders of the reproductive function in cows is quite common gonadopathy such as gonadodystrophy, hypogonadism and hypoluteolisis on background endometritis (diorganspathology).The emergence and development of ovarian pathologies cows hypothetically can be supplemented by the existence of violations, failures in the prooxidant–antioxidant system, as the basis of these pathologies is a violation tropism, of complex mechanisms for metabolism and preserve cell structure and ovarian tissue.To determine the concentration of free oxide derivatives and antioxidant protection status in cows for ovariodystrophy, hypogonadism and diorgan pathology (endometritis↔hypoluteolisis) presents the materials the article.It is found that for cows ovarian pathologies compared to animals with the normal physiological state gonads malondialdehyde erythrocytes in blood was significantly increased by 10.4 –23.2 mm/l (25.3 – 56.8%), catalase activity was reduced to 13–14,4 m / H2O2 / l–min (56.9– 91.1%), reduced glutathione was reduced to 0.68–0.8 (16.1–19.1%).Installed status data of the antioxidant system in cows with gonadopathy show quite important determinant role in the genesis of ovarian pathologies.
ПОРІВНЯЛЬНА ОЦІНКА ДІЇ НОВОГО ПРЕПАРАТУ З ВІДОМИМ АНАЛОГОМ У ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТІ НА ЛАБОРАТОРНІЙ КУЛЬТУРІ МУХ РОДИНИ CALLIPHORIDAE
Authors: Shevchenko А.
Published: October 2016

The article presents data on comparative evaluation of action of the new preparation Mucho–Mor with the well–known analogue in the experiment on laboratory culture of flies of the Calliphoridae family. Considering rapid emergence of resistance to insecticides in arthropods, it is suggested to introduce a new to the market alphamethrin compound as an active agent, and muscalur (cis–9–Tricosene) as the main attractant. An insecticide Fly Byte was selected as a test–drug for analysis of residual effects on different test sited, which is known as a leading product on the Ukrainian veterinary market for its quality and efficiency.It was established that the experimental sample of the drug Mucho–Mor showed a lasting residual action on laboratory culture of the flies Lucilia sericata. Thus, on the 6th day its lethal effect with the exposure for one hour on the glass and wooden surfaces was 16.7 and 17.8%, respectively, and was by 1.87 and 1.6 times higher compared to the experiment with Fly Bite. After three hours was observed 100% morbidity of all insects, which contacted with Mucho–Mor.Throughout the experiment, the new insecticide showed a pronounced knockdown effect, which affected 74.4 – 84.4% flies in the exposure of one hour. During the next two hours all the insects died. However, the lethal effect on the glass test surfaces was better than on the wooden surface up to the 50th day of exposure.
HYSTEROSCOPIC INVESTIGATION OF DAIRY COWS UTERUS WITH SUBCLINICAL ENDOMETRITIS
Authors: Basarab T.P. , Stefanyk V.Y.
Published: October 2016

During the postpartum period among the dairy cattle there are cases of bacteriological infection of the uterus tissues. This process occurs in over 90% of the herd. If the animal wasn’t provided with early effective treatment, acute inflammation becomes a chronic disease. After analyzing published data, it was concluded that hysteroscopic studies are not described enough. For this study 5 (n = 5) cows of Ukrainian black and white breed, aged 4 to 6 years were selected, which had not shown estrus for over 25 days. Diagnosis was reached by hysteroscopy of uterus. Analysis of the data has proved that area size of bright red color of uterus with subclinical endometritis was – 57.6 ± 5.2%, whereas after the treatment with «Metrodek» it decreased by more than 7 times – 7.3 ± 1.6% (p < 0.001); area of exudate in the uterus with subclinical endmometritis was – 59.3 ± 6.5%, whereas after the treatment with «Metrodek» decreased about 11 times – 5.4 ± 1.1 % (p < 0,001).
ПОКАЗНИКИ АНТИЛІЗОЦИМНОЇ ТА АНТИКОМПЛЕМЕНТАРНОЇ АКТИВНОСТІ МІКРООРГАНІЗМІВ ДИСТАЛЬНОГО ВІДДІЛУ КИШЕЧНИКА ПОРОСЯТ ЗА ЗМІШАНОЇ НЕМАТОДОЗНО-ПРОТОЗООЗНОЇ ІНВАЗІЇ
Authors: Peleno R.A.
Published: October 2016

The article deals with the results of search of the influence of intestinal parasites on the indicators of antilysozyme and anticomplementary activity of microorganism of distal department of intestine. It was established, that the products of intestinal parasites of pigs reduce anti lysozyme activity of such obligate anaerobes as Bifidobacterium spp. to 42.1% (р < 0.01), Prevotella spp. to 14.3%, Clostridium spр. to 66.7% (р < 0,001). With MAFAnM to 38.5% (р < 0.05) in Lactobacillus spp. and to 50.0% (р < 0.01) in Streptococcus spp. Higher compared with the control, antilysozyme activity was in Bacteroides spp. (р < 0.05), Eubacterium spp. (р < 0,001), Propionіbacterium spp. (р < 0.01), Peptostreptococcus spp. (р < 0.05), Fusobacterium spp. (р < 0.01), E. coli lact. «+» hem «-» (р < 0.05), Klebsiella spp. (р < 0.001), Citrobacter spp. (р < 0.01), Enterococcus spp. (р < 0.05), Staphylococcus spp. (р<0.001), Candida spp. (р<0.001) abstracted from the distal intestine of pigs affected with mixed nematodosis - protoozic invasion. With the action of products of vital functions of ascarices, eymeria and balantides, the anticomplementary activity significantly increases in Prevotella spp. (р < 0.01), Clostridium spр. (р < 0.001), Eubacterium spp. (р < 0.001), Propionіbacterium spp. (р < 0.001), Peptostreptococcus spp. (р < 0,001), Fusobacterium spp. (р < 0.001), Lactobacillus spp. (р < 0.05), E. coli lact. «+» hem «-» (р < 0.01), E. coli lact. «-» hem «+» (р < 0.001), Klebsiella spp. (р < 0.05), Enterobacter spp. (р < 0.001), Enterococcus spp. (р < 0.001), Streptococcus spp. (р < 0.001) and only in Bacteroides spp. it was significantly lower (р < 0.001), compared with the control.
ASSESSMENT OF RESEARCH GROUPS ON NATURAL PROTECTED AREAS AND THEIR PUBLIC USE IN BRAZIL
Authors: Vitorino Maria Rachel , Carvalho Vinícius do Couto , Fontes Marco Aurélio Leite , Barra Andréa de Oliveira , Pereira José Aldo Alves
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to assess the contribution of the Brazilian scientific community to knowledge generation concerning Brazilian protected areas and to identify research groups focused on the public use of such areas. A systematic search was performed in the database of the Research Groups Directory of the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico), an organization under the Brazilian Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação). The search yielded 177 research groups on protected areas, formed by 3872 members, including researchers, undergraduate students, graduate students, and technicians from different areas of scientific knowledge distributed across the country. However, the research groups were concentrated in the southeast and south of Brazil. They were mainly linked to federal educational institutions, and they had a strong academic background and considerable scientific production. However, few groups study the public use of protected areas; thus, there is space for new research in this area. Based on the results, government incentives for the formation of research groups in the less represented regions to study the public use of protected areas and for the adoption of strategies to disseminate knowledge produced beyond academia are recommended.
PRIORITY AREAS FOR FOREST CONSERVATION IN AN URBAN LANDSCAPE AT THE TRANSITION BETWEEN ATLANTIC FOREST AND CERRADO
Authors: Mello Kaline de , Toppa Rogério Hartung , Cardoso-Leite Eliana
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT Urbanization and agriculture growth are some of the major causes of natural ecosystems depletion and biodiversity loss. Conservation efforts can be developed through the prioritization of areas for forest conservation in order to minimize this process. Here, we establish conservation strategies based on a spatial analysis of forest fragments in an urban landscape at the transition between two important Brazilian biodiversity hotspots: Atlantic Forest and Cerrado. A high-resolution mapping of forest patches was used to quantify forest cover and to provide spatial analysis. We developed a Forest Conservation Priority Index (FCPI) derived from landscape metrics to select priority areas for forest conservation efforts. We used area, shape and proximity metrics as landscape structure indicators. Landscape metrics were classified and we attributed a rank and weights for them to calculate the FCPI. Forest covers 17% of the study area. 60% of the forest patches comprise less than one hectare, 95% less than 10 ha and only 1% more than 50 ha. The largest fragments (> 100ha) are all long and narrow. Also, fewer than half the patches are connected to others. Regions classified as high and very high priority for forest conservation are localized at greater slopes, along rivers and on private lands. Our index allowed the prioritization of forest fragments in an urban landscape, directing efforts of conservation. Creating protected areas and restoration plans are necessary for the better situation of the natural ecosystem. Land-use planning must resolve human demands and conservation of this important ecosystem.
INDIRECT AND EXPEDITE ASSESSMENT OF Ilex paraguariensis COMMERCIAL YIELD
Authors: Wendling Ivar , Sturion José Alfredo , Reis Cristiane Aparecida Fioravante , Stuepp Carlos André , Peña Martha Lucía Peña
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT Commercial biomass production is one of the main indicators for selecting erva-mate (Ilex paraguariensis) progenies and clones. Traditional techniques to obtain such information depend on the harvesting of trees and there are some limitations involved, such as high cost and reduced convenience. Thus, in our research we evaluated the efficiency of indirect methods through commercial biomass estimation and score of productivity according to the different provenances, gender and morphotypes. In a provenances and progenies trial installed in 1997, two methodologies of visual analysis were evaluated in August 2015 (two years after the last harvest). For that reason, five expert evaluators determined, for each plant, an estimate of the commercial biomass (kg), and a grade, based on a score of productivity (0-10). In order to assess the productivity using traditional techniques, all plants were pruned and their commercial biomass (leaves and fine branches smaller than 7 mm diameter) were harvested and weighed (kg.plant-1). The evaluations were performed in a randomized-block experiment with five repetitions, seven different provenances and 126 progenies, totaling 5,292 evaluated plants. The methods utilized were effective to estimate the commercial biomass. The evaluators showed accuracy, expressing efficiently the largest productivity obtained when comparing the means of provenances, plants gender and morphotypes. The highest correlations were observed in the general analysis of the means, and the estimation of commercial biomass was considered the best methodology for estimating the commercial biomass assessed in adult erva-mate plants.
USING BARE-ROOT AND ROOTSTOCK SEEDLINGS FROM NATURAL REGENERATION OF CEDRELA FISSILIS
Authors: Schroder Thomas , Zimmermann Anna Paula Lora , Pereira Lílian Daniel , Hofiço Noé dos Santos Ananias , Rocha Júnior Dilson Sousa , Fleig Frederico Dimas , Meyer Evandro Alcir
Published: October 2016

ABSTRACT The success of forest creation relies on seedling availability and quality. The aim of this research is to assess the possible use of rootstock and bare-root seedlings of Cedrela fissilis obtained from natural regeneration for direct field planting. We used Generalized Linear models to assess survival and Hierarchical Models to assess height growth over one year after planting. Initial root-collar diameter (RCD) and treatment (rootstock or bare-root) affected survival and growth. Rootstock and larger seedlings presented higher levels of survival and growth. Higher seedling quality in the rootstock treatment is due to higher water stress tolerance. Rootstock seedlings with more than 1 cm of initial RCD had over 80% of survival probability, while small bare-root seedlings had mean survival probability as low as 20%. Rootstock seedlings grew as much as fourfold more than bare-root. Using natural regeneration of C. fissilis as a source of rootstock seedlings may be a cheap alternative for forest restoration and enrichment planting projects.
And in My Dreams the Visions Cleared: Hegemony and struggle for land in Brazil
Authors: Pereira Evelyne Medeiros
Published: October 2016

Abstract The purpose of this article is to use the experience of the Landless Farmworkers Movement (MST) in the state of Ceará to identify the consequences of political mediation in the lives of subjects involved in the struggle for land, especially for their world view, indicating the contradictions and impasses in the construction of a new hegemony. It is an analytical and qualitative study supported by bibliographic research, field observation, document analysis and semi-structured interviews. The theoretical-methodological procedures were conducted with a critical analysis and the results obtained represent an attempt to approach the historical and procedural reality.
Un análisis del vínculo abuelos nietos-adolescentes reflexión sobre la transmisión generacional
Authors: Klein Alejandro León , Basilio Lorena Isis Hernández , García María Cristina Rodríguez
Published: October 2016

Resumen El presente trabajo se basa en una investigación exploratoria y descriptiva sobre las relaciones intergeneracionales abuelosnietos adolescentes, buscando comprender, desde la perspectiva del adolescente, las comunicaciones, significaciones y afectos que se gestan en torno a su vínculo transgeneracional, diferenciando las relaciones que establecen con los abuelos y las abuelas, así como posibles diferencias vinculares entre los abuelos paternos y los abuelos maternos. Existen diferencias basadas en la selección voluntaria de actividades con los abuelos de la línea materna, mientras que con los abuelos de la línea paterna parecen reflejar actividades de índole obligatoria que no forman parte de un agrado aparente, pero sí forman parte de vínculos integrativos de su identidad y su vínculos tanto intergeneracionales cómo transgeneracionales.
Regulamentação da vida no processo transexualizador brasileiro: uma análise sobre a política pública
Authors: Rocon Pablo Cardozo , Sodré Francis , Rodrigues Alexsandro
Published: October 2016

Resumo O processo transexualizador brasileiro tem sua história marcada pela judicialização da demanda, medicalização da experiência trans e regulamentação da vida pelo Estado. Esse programa tem se mostrado seletivo por meio de um diagnóstico referendado na matriz binária heterossexual para os gêneros como critério para entrada nos programas, não garantindo o acesso universal aos serviços em saúde. Foi realizada abordagem qualitativa com pesquisa documental. Os dados foram analisados a partir das categorias disciplina, biopolítica e biopoder de Foucault. Conclui que o processo transexualizador tem servido de dispositivo disciplinador sobre a população usuária, e equipamento para administração da vida trans na massa populacional. Assim, a seletividade pode ser compreendida como resultado da ação do Estado que, no exercício do biopoder, realiza um corte entre quem viverá ou morrerá.
MODOS DE TRANSMISSÃO INTERGERACIONAL EM ROMANCES DA LITERATURA BRASILEIRA ATUAL
Authors: Bernd Zilá , Soares Tanira Rodrigues
Published: October 2016

Resumo O artigo focaliza a questão da memória intergeracional tal como ela se apresenta em algumas obras da literatura brasileira atual: Azul Corvo, de Adriana Lisboa (2014), Meus desacontecimentos, a história de minha vida com as palavras, de Eliane Brum (2014) e Olhos d’água, de Conceição Evaristo (2015). Questionam-se as apelações “romance memorial”, “romance de filiação” e “romance familiar”, verificando sua aplicabilidade no caso dos romances mencionados, representativos da literatura no feminino no Brasil hoje. Investigam-se os modos de transmissão inter e transgeracional com ênfase para: (a) a relação das personagens com seus ascendentes; (b) as funções de herança e transmissão.
MEMORY TRANSMISSION, SURVIVAL AND MULTICULTURALISM IN CONTEMPORARY CANADIAN LITERATURE
Authors: Balint Adina
Published: October 2016

Abstract In 2014, the Quebecois writer Catherine Mavrikakis published Diamanda Galas, a tribute to the American artist performer of Greek origin, Diamanda Galas – at the Montreal Publishing House, Héliotrope, inaugurating a new collection, “Guerrières et Gorgones” (Warriors and Gorgons). At the same time and in the same collection, Martine Delvaux published a tribute to the American photographer Nan Goldin, in an eponymous essay. “What survives from/through artists who are prophets of the contemporary?”, inquires Mavrikakis. Acting on the tragedy of history and transgressing it, how can literature and art play with experiences of memory transmission and “survival” without necessarily working “to fix” them? What is at the heart of this link between history and creativity, reaffirmed by Georges Didi-Huberman in Survivance des lucioles? Through reflections on transcultural transference, multiculturalism and the power of women to transgress traumatic experiences, this article explores the question of memory transmission in two contemporary narratives on art and the AIDS period of the 1980s.