Analysis of the main indicators of rural health and strategic tasks of countering population health risks in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania.
Authors:   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «North Ossetian State Medical Academy» of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Alikova Z. R. , Kalininskaya A. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution «National Research Institute of Public Health named after N. A. Semashko» Ministry of Education and Science of Russia, Dzhanaeva A. B. ,   Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «North Ossetian State Medical Academy» of the Ministry of Health of Russia, Lazarev A. V. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution «National Research Institute of Public Health named after N. A. Semashko» Ministry of Education and Science of Russia, Smirnov A. A. ,   Federal State Budgetary Institution «National Research Institute of Public Health named after N. A. Semashko» Ministry of Education and Science of Russia
Published: September 2024

Objective assessments of the medical and demographic situation in rural health care at the regional level are one of the most important problems of state policy. Purpose of the study: based on an analysis of the medical and demographic situation in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania (hereinafter referred to as RNO-A) and in the Russian Federation, make proposals for improving medical care for residents of rural settlements in the face of risks to their health. Materials and methods: statistical, analytical. Statistical materials from the Federal and Industry Statistical Observation Service of Rosstat and North Caucasus Statistics were used, as well as materials from the Federal State Budgetary Institution “TsNIIOIZ” of the Russian Ministry of Health (2013–2022). Results. The mortality rate of the rural population of North Ossetia and the Russian Federation over the past 10 years (2013–2022) has decreased annually; an increase in indicators was noted during the COVID‑19 pandemic (2020–2021) and their subsequent decrease (in 2022) in in the Russian Federation up to 13.8‰ and in North Ossetia-Asia up to 10.0‰. The birth rate in North Ossetia-Asia has decreased over the 10 years of analysis and in 2022 amounted to 8.7‰ (RF – 8.8). Morbidity (general) of the rural population of North Ossetia-Asia in dynamics 2019–2022. increased by 6.7% from 80618.8 to 85994.7‰oo. The increase in the overall morbidity rates of the rural population in North Ossetia-Asia in 2022 compared to the pre-Covid year (2019) indicates an increase in diseases caused and complicated by COVID‑19, which requires rehabilitation, as well as strengthening of dispensary work with the population. The ranking of general morbidity indicators of the rural population in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation showed a difference in values of 7.3 times. The difference in the incidence rates of the rural population with COVID‑19 (2022) in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation is more than 12 times. In North Ossetia-Asia the figure was 4190.2‰oo, lower than in the Russian Federation – 6144.2‰oo. The results of the study should be used for an in-depth analysis of the medical and demographic situation in rural areas in order to develop management solutions to counter health risks for the rural population at the regional and municipal levels.