bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PERSPECTIVAS PARA A PARTICIPAÇÃO DO BRASIL NO MERCADO INTERNACIONAL DE PELLETS
Authors: Tavares Silvio Roberto de Lucena , Tavares Marília Amaral de Moura Estevão
Published: October 2015

Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar o mercado brasileiro para produção e exportação de pellets, um biocombustível sólido, produzido através da compactação e adensamento de biomassa vegetal.  O mercado para esse produto surgiu a partir da crise do petróleo em 1973 e da decisão dos países europeus de reduzirem o consumo de combustíveis fósseis, sob o argumento de que suas emissões contribuiriam para o agravamento do Efeito Estufa.  Desde a Conferência de Estocolmo, realizada em 1972, que países da Comunidade Europeia perseguem a meta de reduzirem em até 20% suas emissões em 2020.  Dentre as alternativas para alcançar esta meta está o uso crescente da biomassa como fonte de energia térmica e elétrica, em especial de biocombustíveis adensados de madeira, conhecidos por pellets.  Apesar da força e tradição da indústria madeireira, os países do norte europeus, maiores consumidores de pellets, não estão conseguindo mais suprir as próprias demandas, o que vem abrindo o comércio internacional do produto a países de dentro e de fora do bloco, como os EUA e o Canadá.  Através do modelo de Heckscher-Ohlin pretende-se demonstrar  que, dotado de vantagens comparativas importantes em relação aos demais países produtores, estudos recentes mostram que o Brasil tem condições de participar desse comércio, alavancando suas exportações no setor madeireiro, do qual já é considerado player mundial.  Para isso, no entanto, tem que superar as dificuldades provocadas pela falta de uma política de incentivo à produção de energia renovável, além de gargalos de logística que encarecem os pellets nacionais, deixando-os menos competitivos.
REFLEXÕES SOBRE OS EFEITOS DA TERCEIRIZAÇÃO DOS CARGOS DE APOIO NO SERVIÇO PÚBLICO FEDERAL: ESTUDO DE CASO NO INSTITUTO FEDERAL DO SUDESTE DE MG CAMPUS RIO POMBA
Authors: Olher Bruno Silva , Costa Ivy Silva , Teixeira Ítala Moraes
Published: October 2015

A pesquisa trata da terceirização na administração pública, através da análise dos seus efeitos positivos e negativos na gestão do IF Sudeste MG - câmpus Rio Pomba. O estudo almejou definir as características que determinam a efetividade da terceirização ou sua ausência no câmpus. Dessa forma, estabeleceu-se o contexto histórico–político no qual origina a terceirização, determinando também o que é, de fato, esse termo. Em seguida, levantou-se a principal legislação que envolve a mesma e como esta surgiu e se desenvolveu na administração pública. Para a análise do referido câmpus a pesquisa foi realizada com os professores, técnicos administrativos, gestores e terceirizados; com o intuito de alcançar a visão dos principais envolvidos. A pesquisa fez uso de questionário e entrevista, mediante sua análise estabeleceu a triangulação dos dados. A terceirização é uma política organizacional que exige adequação e excelente adaptação para não prejudicar o trabalho.
DIAGNÓSTICO DAS ÁREAS VERDES PÚBLICAS DO BAIRRO POTENGI, NATAL/RN
Authors: Viana Barros Liana de Holanda , Silva Valdenildo Pedro da , Alves Geovanine Araújo , Pinheiro Lidiane Gomes , Nascimento Itamara do , Dias Pollyana Karla Lima , De Oliveira Radimilla Fernanda Avelino , De Santana Viviane Almeida , Oliveira Wagner Araújo , De Medeiros Carla Stefânia Cabral , Gomes Brenda Suellen Franklin de Farias
Published: October 2015

Este estudo teve por objetivo diagnosticar as principais áreas verdes do bairro Potengi, localizado na Região Administrativa Norte de Natal-RN. A metodologia adotada consistiu, principalmente, de levantamentos bibliográfico e documental e, posteriormente, de pesquisa de campo, por meio da qual foi possível se visitar ruas, praças, canteiros e passeios públicos do bairro. A detecção das áreas verdes se deu inicialmente com o uso do google Earth. Os resultados apontaram que as áreas verdes do bairro Potengi estão em torno de 2,20 km² de extensão, correspondendo a uma taxa de 27,54% do território da região. As principais praças e canteiros visitados dispõem de árvores de pequeno a médio portes. Conclui-se que as áreas verdes públicas do bairro Potengi estão concentradas basicamente nas praças e canteiros centrais das principais ruas e avenidas. O percentual de arborização do bairro apresenta-se pouco significativo, requerendo com isso um maior envolvimento das populações locais e do poder público no sentido de se ampliar a arborização dos passeios públicos, visto que a presença de áreas verdes no espaço urbano é fator de extrema relevância para o bem-estar da população. Além disso, devido a importância das áreas verdes para a melhoria da qualidade de vida, o estudo constatou, ainda, a falta de investimento público no que tange a manutenção e revitalização das áreas verdes públicas.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE ROCHAS RESERVATÓRIO POR MICROTOMOGRAFIA DE RAIOS X
Authors: Palombo Leandro , Ulsen Carina , Uliana Daniel , Costa Fabrizzio Rodrigues , Yamamoto Marcio , Kahn Henrique
Published: October 2015

Reservatórios de petróleo são rochas sedimentares com porosidade e permeabilidade suficientes para armazenar e permitir o fluxo de hidrocarbonetos. Testemunhos das rochas reservatório são coletados para a caracterização e obtenção de dados petrofísicos como, por exemplo, porosidade e permeabilidade.Atualmente, a caracterização de rochas reservatório envolve diversas análises como microscopia óptica e/ou eletrônica, medição de porosidade e permeabilidade através de injeção de gás nitrogênio, etc. Estas análises, apesar de consagradas, consomem muito tempo, principalmente, para a preparação das amostras retiradas dos testemunhos. Neste cenário, a aplicação da microtomografia de raios-X (MRX), por meio da aquisição e processamento de imagens tridimensionais na escala dos poros da amostra, em geral demandando pouca ou nenhuma preparação, permite a criação de um modelo digital tridimensional da rede de poros e associações minerais para o estudo das fácies litológicas e suas microestruturas.Este estudo propõe um procedimento para aquisição e processamento de imagens tridimensionais de amostras de rochas reservatório obtidas por MRX. A natureza 3D dos dados obtidos proporciona novas perspectivas para a avaliação da heterogeneidade das rochas e simulação do fluxo no meio poroso. A partir da análise digital de rochas, novos estudos poderão ser realizados aplicando-se a MRX como uma ferramenta para estudos de investigação sedimentológica/diagenética, caracterização da rocha reservatório e análise/modelagem de porosidade e permeabilidade.
CRESCIMENTO DENDRÍTICO TERCIÁRIO DA LIGA Al-3%Cu-5,5%Si DURANTE A SOLIDIFICAÇÃO DIRECIONAL HORIZONTAL TRANSIENTE
Authors: Rocha Otávio Fernandes Lima da , Silva Marcos Brabo , Kikuchi Rafael Hideo , Barros André Santos , Moreira Antonio Seabra
Published: October 2015

Neste estudo, objetivando analisar as relações entre os parâmetros térmicos e os espaçamentos dendríticos terciários (?3) a liga Al-3%Cu-5,5%Si foi solidificada direcionalmente sob condições de fluxo de calor transitório em um dispositivo de configuração horizontal,. Velocidades de deslocamento da isoterma liquidus (VL), taxas de resfriamento (TR) e tempos locais de solidificação (tLS) foram experimentalmente determinados a partir das curvas de resfriamento registradas em diferentes posições do metal. Amostras transversais foram retiradas de diferentes posições do lingote e a microestrutura foi caracterizada por meio de microscopia ótica. Os resultados encontrados indicam que a variação de ?3 pode ser expressa por meio de funções na forma de potência com VL, TR e tLS dadas, respectivamente, por ?3 = 11(VL)-1,1 ,?3 = 44(TR)-0,55 e ?3 = 2,2(tLS)0,55. Uma análise comparativa é realizada entre os resultados deste trabalho e aqueles apresentados na literatura para a liga investigada quando solidificada direcionalmente na configuração vertical ascendente.
O pewnej modyfikacji testu adaptacyjnego dla równości wartości oczekiwanych
Authors: Kończak Grzegorz
Published: October 2015

The paper presents a proposal of a modification of the L. Hao and D. Houser adaptive test for comparing the locations of two distributions. The modification is based on the linear combination of three test statistics. In the Hao and Houser test, due to the values of the robust asymmetry and shape characteristics, the test statistic is chosen. A method of continuous modification of the test statistic is presented. The properties of the proposed procedure are analyzed in a Monte Carlo study. The proposal could be used in quality control monitoring processes.
Analiza dynamiki modeli wzrostu gospodarczego za pomocą środowiska obliczeniowego Mathematica
Authors: Zawadzki Henryk
Published: October 2015

Differential equations and optimal control theory are the basic tools of the mathematical theory of economic growth. The aim of this paper is to show (using the example of the Mankiw-Romer-Weil and Lucas-Uzawa growth models) some capabilities of Mathematica in the symbolic and numerical solving of differential equations, calculating optimal values of integral functional (discounted lifetime utility) when only numerical optimal solutions are known, the symbolic differentiation of solutions given in terms of hypergeometric Gauss functions and the graphical presentation of solutions to differential equations.
Co-movement of Commodity Prices - Results from Dynamic Time Warping Classification
Authors: Śmiech Sławomir
Published: October 2015

Several factors are responsible for difficulties in describing the behaviour of commodity prices. Firstly, there are numerous different categories of commodities. Secondly, some categories overlap with other categories, while others indirectly compete in the market. Thirdly, although essentially commodity prices react to changes in economic conditions or exchange rates, to a large extent these prices depend on supply disturbances. However, in recent years commodity prices co-move, and researchers, beginning with Pindyck and Rotemberg (1990), have been trying to explain this phenomenon. The objective of the article is to conduct the classification of the series of commodity prices in the pre-crisis and after-crisis periods. The results of such classification will reveal whether co-movement of commodity prices is the same in both periods. The analysis is based on monthly data from the period January 2001 to February 2014. All prices and price indices are published by the World Bank. The results obtained in dynamic time warping clustering reveal that co-movement of commodity prices is more evident in the pre-crisis period. There are only several paths which determine commodity prices.
Acreditação hospitalar como estratégia de melhoria: impactos em seis hospitais acreditados
Authors: Mendes Glauco Henrique de Sousa , Mirandola Thayse Boucinha de Sousa
Published: September 2015

A acreditação tem sido utilizada por muitos países para estimular a melhoria da qualidade dos serviços hospitalares. No Brasil, a difusão da acreditação hospitalar é de responsabilidade da Organização Nacional de Acreditação (ONA). Os estudos sobre os impactos da acreditação hospitalar têm despertado o interesse da comunidade acadêmica. O artigo tem o objetivo de analisar os impactos da acreditação no desempenho organizacional de hospitais. Foi adotada a abordagem qualitativa de pesquisa e o método de casos múltiplos. Foram realizados casos em seis hospitais acreditados do Estado de São Paulo. Os resultados evidenciaram que a acreditação hospitalar tem capacidade de gerar melhorias relacionadas à gestão dos processos, satisfação dos clientes e desenvolvimento de profissionais de saúde. O trabalho contribui ao ampliar os estudos sobre acreditação no Brasil
Balanceamento de linha de montagem mista em cenários com distintos mix de produtos
Authors: Reginato Gustavo , Anzanello Michel José , Kahmann Alessandro , Schmidt Lucas
Published: September 2015

Resumo Linhas de montagem mista combinam a fabricação de diferentes modelos de produtos em uma única linha de montagem, proporcionando flexibilidade de produção de acordo com a sazonalidade de vendas, evitando a baixa utilização dos ativos. Este artigo propõe uma heurística para balanceamento em linhas de produção sujeitas a distintos mix de produtos com vistas a atenuar as restrições de capacidade nas estações de trabalho e aumentar a eficiência de balanceamento. A abordagem proposta foi aplicada em uma linha de montagem mista com 7 modelos de produtos. Os resultados foram considerados satisfatórios, segundo avaliação de especialistas, quando avaliados em termos de capacidade produtiva, ciclo de fabricação e balanceamento de linha.
The Genetics of Monogenic Frontotemporal Dementia
Authors: Takada Leonel T.
Published: September 2015

ABSTRACT Around 10-15% of patients diagnosed with frontotemporal dementia (FTD) have a positive family history for FTD with an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance. Since the identification of mutations in MAPT(microtubuleassociated protein tau gene) in 1998, over 10 other genes have been associated with FTD spectrum disorders, discussed in this review. Along with MAPT, mutations in GRN(progranulin) and C9orf72(chromosome 9 open reading frame 72) are the most commonly identified in FTD cohorts. The association of FTD and motor neuron disease (MND) can be caused by mutations in C9orf72and other genes, such as TARDBP(TAR DNA-binding protein), FUS(fused in sarcoma), UBQLN2(ubiquilin 2). Multisystem proteinopathy is a complex phenotype that includes FTD, Paget disease of the bone, inclusion body myopathy and MND, and can be due to mutations in VCP(valosing containing protein) and other recently identified genes.
Cognitive Change Questionnaire as a method for cognitive impairment screening
Authors: Damin Antonio Eduardo , Nitrini Ricardo , Brucki Sonia Maria Dozzi
Published: September 2015

The Cognitive Change Questionnaire (CCQ) was created as an effective measure of cognitive change that is easy to use and suitable for application in Brazil. Objective: To evaluate whether the CCQ can accurately distinguish normal subjects from individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and/or early stage dementia and to develop a briefer questionnaire, based on the original 22-item CCQ (CCQ22), that contains fewer questions. Methods: A total of 123 individuals were evaluated: 42 healthy controls, 40 patients with MCI and 41 with mild dementia. The evaluation was performed using cognitive tests based on individual performance and on questionnaires administered to informants. The CCQ22 was created based on a selection of questions that experts deemed useful in screening for early stage dementia. Results: The CCQ22 showed good accuracy for distinguishing between the groups. Statistical models selected the eight questions with the greatest power to discriminate between the groups. The AUC ROC corresponding to the final version of the 8-item CCQ (CCQ8), demonstrated good accuracy in differentiating between groups, good correlation with the final diagnosis (r=0.861) and adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's α=0.876). Conclusion: The CCQ8 can be used to accurately differentiate between normal subjects and individuals with cognitive impairment, constituting a brief and appropriate instrument for cognitive screening.
Cognitive performance and engagement in physical, social and intellectual activities in older adults: The FIBRA study
Authors: Sposito Giovana , Neri Anita Liberalesso , Yassuda Mônica Sanches
Published: September 2015

Cognitive decline in aging can negatively impact quality of life in the elderly. However, studies have shown that elderly engaged in advanced activities of daily living (AADLs) can maintain or enhance global cognitive function or specific domains. Objective: To investigate the relationship between engagement in AADLs and domains of cognition in elderly from seven different locations in Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 2,549 elderly without cognitive deficits suggestive of dementia was conducted. Data were collected on sociodemographic characteristics, health status, the Mini-Mental State Exam (MMSE) by subdomain (orientation, memory, attention/calculus, language and constructional praxis), and engagement in AADL grouped under physical, social and intellectual activities. Results: Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed an association, albeit modest, between intellectual AADLs and the domains orientation, attention/calculus, language and constructional praxis (R2=0.005, 0.008, 0.021, and 0.021 respectively). Social AADLs were correlated with memory (R2=0.002) and language (R2=0.004) domains. No association was found between physical AADLs and MMSE domains. Schooling and family income were the sociodemographic variables exhibiting the strongest relationship with cognitive domains. Conclusion: The study found associations between intellectual and social AADLs with higher cognitive performance, suggesting that active aging can provide opportunities to attenuate cognitive decline in aging.
Effects of a Brief Meditation Training on Negative Affect, Trait Anxiety and Concentrated Attention
Authors: Menezes Carolina Baptista , Bizarro Lisiane
Published: September 2015

AbstractMeditation has been associated with positive psychological outcomes, but few studies have investigated brief interventions. This randomized controlled pilot study assessed the effects of five days of focused meditation on positive and negative affect, state and trait anxiety, as well as concentrated attention in a nonclinical sample distributed in two groups (experimental = 14, 51.8% female, Mage= 23.9; control = 19, 62% female, Mage= 24.9). The instruments used were the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale, State and Trait Anxiety Inventory, and the Concentrated Attention Test. The meditation group reduced negative affect and trait anxiety, and also improved correct responses on the attention test, relative to controls. These preliminary findings indicate that even short focused meditation training may help improve some psychological variables. It is discussed that the early manifestation of these benefits may be especially relevant to strengthen the motivation to continue and practice regularly.
Mãe, mestra e guia: uma análise da iconografia de Santa'Anna
Authors: Souza Maria Beatriz de Mello e
Published: September 2015

A Virgem Maria e sua mãe, Anna, foram as santas mais populares no Brasil ao longo dos séculos XVII e XVIII. A devoção a esta "gloriosa matriarca" é, com efeito, um reflexo do culto mariano. Anna veio até a ser associada com algumas virtudes da Mãe de Cristo. Três tipos de representação artística ilustram esta associação ao retratarem Anna como mãe, guia, e, sobretudo, mestra. Este trabalho propõe uma interpretação destes tipos iconográficos à luz do pensamento católico e do contexto social de Minas Gerais. Esta região testemunhou a emergência do mais importante centro artístico da América Portuguesa no século XVIII; esculturas de Santa Anna ocupavam um lugar de destaque em paróquias e capelas mineiras. Tornaram-se imagens de culto para indivíduos e grupos diversos. O objetivo desta pesquisa é compreender o significado destas imagens que não estão enraizadas em passagem alguma das Escrituras; elas constituem, ao contrário, um retrato cultural dos papéis atribuídos à maternidade.
O outro lado do Império: as disputas mercantis e os conflitos de jurisdição no Império Luso-Brasileiro
Authors: Chaves Cláudia Maria das Graças
Published: September 2015

Este artigo trata do conflito de interesses entre mercadores portugueses - homens e mulheres - em torno da criação e transferência de poderes para a Junta de Comércio, Agricultura, Fábricas e Navegação do Estado do Brasil e Domínios Ultramarinos como fórum de decisão dos problemas internos de mercado em Portugal. Essa transferência cria uma inusitada relação de dependência das praças de comércio da Metrópole em relação à antiga colônia americana, promovida a Reino Unido de Brasil, Portugal e Algarves.
Performance, growth and carcass characteristics of alternatives lineages of broiler chickens created with access to paddock
Authors: TAVARES Fernando Barbosa , SANTOS Maria do Socorro Vieira dos , ARAÚJO Claudio Vieira de , COSTA Heiciane Soares da , LOUREIRO João Paulo Borges , LIMA Elizanne de Moura , LIMA Kedson Raul de Souza
Published: September 2015

The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of alternative lineages of broiler chickens created with access to paddock. Were used 312 one day broiler chickens, house data density of 6.4birds/m2in the internal area and 2m2/animal in the pasture area. The treatments consisted of each lineage used in the experiment: Redbro Cou Nu, Gris Barré Cou Nu, Master Gris Cou PlumeandGris Barré Cou Plume. The statistical design was completely randomized with four treatments and six repetitions. For study the growth, the Gompertz equation showed a better adjustment compared with others. The lineageMaster Gris Cou Plumegot the greatest asymptotic weight, absolute growth rate and lowest viability, higher average weight and weight gain when compared to lineage Gris Barré Cou Nu. Even with the differences in zoo technical performance among the lineages studied, not the significance of differences between means indicates there is a ratio of body weight after fasting and weight of the eviscerated carcass.Showed highercarcass weight, chest, thigh + drumstick, wing and backin the lineage Master Gris Cou Plume, compared to Gris Barré Cou Nu andGris Barré Cou Plume. The lineages Redbro Cou Nu and Master Gris Cou Plumehad similar performance, but the Redbro Cou Nu,showed growth characteristics more suitable to alternative creations with access to paddock area.
Patterns of Genetic Diversity in the Globally Invasive Species Wild Parsnip (Pastinaca sativa)
Authors: Jogesh Tania , Peery Rhiannon , Downie Stephen R. , Berenbaum May R.
Published: October 2015

Wild parsnip is an invasive species with a global distribution in temperate climates. Parsnips are native to Eurasia and have been cultivated for more than five centuries. It is unclear whether the global invasion of this species is a consequence of escape from cultivation or the accidental introduction of a Eurasian wild subspecies. In this study, we used nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) markers to evaluate the genetic structure of wild parsnip in its native range (Europe) and in three distinct geographic regions where it is considered invasive: eastern North America, western North America, and New Zealand. We also compared wild and cultivated parsnips to determine whether they are genetically distinct. From 112 individuals, we recovered 14 ITS and 27 cpDNA haplotypes. One ITS haplotype was widespread; few haplotypes were rare singletons. In contrast, at least two lineages of cpDNA haplotypes were recovered, with several novel haplotypes restricted to Europe. Cultivated parsnips were not genetically distinct from wild parsnips, and numerous wild parsnip populations shared haplotypes with cultivars. High genetic diversity was recovered in all three regions, suggesting multiple introductions.
Monitoring a Gall Midge Population on Russian Knapweed (Acroptilon repens)
Authors: Meyers Kathleen , Pieropan Nancy , Collier Timothy
Published: October 2015

This paper describes postrelease monitoring of a population of Jaapiella ivannikovi, a gall-forming midge that was introduced for biological control of Russian knapweed. In 2011 to 2013, from late May to early June through August, we monitored 100 permanent plots at one of the first release sites of J. ivannikovi in central Wyoming. Based on the phenology of gall formation, an appropriate window for collection of galls to distribute to new sites is from early to mid-June through early August. Although J. ivannikovi established successfully, 4 yr after release, the percentage of ramets that were galled remained low (1 to 2%), indicating that J. ivannikovi is not yet having a significant effect on Russian knapweed at the site.
Medida de Segurança: a violação do direito à saúde a partir do conceito de periculosidade
Authors: Rossi Valéria Rondon
Published: October 2015

A relação dos fenômenos da loucura e criminalidade foi um ponto estratégico para a constituição da medicina mental – psiquiatria e para a constituição de instituições de controle, punição e regeneração. No Brasil, a resposta penal aos crimes dos loucos infratores é a medida de segurança, instituto que se anuncia como despenalizante e voltado ao tratamento em saúde. No entanto, vigora o sistema da periculosidade como parâmetro para imposição e suspensão da medida de segurança, o que faz com que a desinternação do indivíduo seja possível não após análise de desenvolvimento clínico, mas de análise probabilística de riscos que causaria à sociedade. O objetivo deste artigo é questionar se esse modelo de intervenção psiquiátrico-penal garante ao louco infrator o respeito ao seu direito à saúde ou se é mecanismo de garantia da ordem social a partir da apartação de sujeitos considerados perigosos. A hipótese é que a periculosidade é um conceito não científico, balizado por conceitos morais que identificam loucura como manifestação de perigo. A pesquisa é descritiva de caráter qualitativo, baseada em revisão bibliográfica e análise de dados coletados pela pesquisa "A Custódia e o Tratamento Psiquiátrico no Brasil: censo 2011”. Conclui-se que a medida se justifica por dispositivo frágil do ponto de vista psiquiátrico e penal – a periculosidade do indivíduo –, que não apresenta elementos objetivos de identificação e quantificação, indicando tendência à adoção de modelo punitivo voltado à defesa social em detrimento da ressocialização do louco infrator.
Surveillance and Critical Theory
Authors: Fuchs Christian
Published: October 2015

In this comment, the author reflects on surveillance from a critical theory approach, his involvement in surveillance research and projects, and the status of the study of surveillance. The comment ascertains a lack of critical thinking about surveillance, questions the existence of something called “surveillance studies” as opposed to a critical theory of society, and reflects on issues such as Edward Snowden’s revelations, and Foucault and Marx in the context of surveillance.
Surveillance and Resilience in Theory and Practice
Authors: Raab Charles D. , Jones Richard , Székely Iván
Published: October 2015

Surveillance is often used as a tool in resilience strategies towards the threat posed by terrorist attacks and other serious crime. “Resilience” is a contested term with varying and ambiguous meaning in governmental, business and social discourses, and it is not clear how it relates to other terms that characterise processes or states of being. Resilience is often assumed to have positive connotations, but critics view it with great suspicion, regarding it as a neo-liberal governmental strategy. However, we argue that surveillance, introduced in the name of greater security, may itself erode social freedoms and public goods such as privacy, paradoxically requiring societal resilience, whether precautionary or in mitigation of the harms it causes to the public goods of free societies. This article develops new models and extends existing ones to describe resilience processes unfolding over time and in anticipation of, or in reaction to, adversities of different kinds and severity, and explores resilience both on the plane of abstract analysis and in the context of societal responses to mass surveillance. The article thus focuses upon surveillance as a special field for conceptual analysis and modelling of situations, and for evaluating contemporary developments in “surveillance societies”.
SOFT POWER: ESTRATÉGIA DE DIFUSÃO CULTURAL NORTE-AMERICANO
Authors: Pereira da Silva Denison Rafael , Alves Gomes Francisco
Published: October 2015

O presente trabalho apresentará alguns conceitos que há para o termo globalização, definirá o que é Soft Power à luz das idéias de Joseph Nye e demonstrará como o processo de globalização intensificou a difusão da cultura norte-americana através do uso do poder brando no cenário mundial.
FEIJOADA: DAS SENZALAS DOS NEGROS AOS RESTAURANTES DA CLASSE MÉDIA
Authors: Pereira da Silva Denison Rafael , Alves Gomes Francisco
Published: October 2015

A feijoada é considerada hoje um prato dos brasileiros que se elevou de status: de um elemento da culinária específico dos negros da senzala a um dos pratos mais caros dos restaurantes da classe média brasileira. Isto se deu com a sua ressignificação que a tornou um símbolo nacional. Mas qual o sentido dessa ressignificação? Ou melhor, qual a motivação para isso? Neste trabalho buscaremos analisar o porquê dessa ressignificação e como ela se deu, bem como faremos um passeio histórico por meio dos discursos raciais no Brasil e no âmbito local. Com isso pretendemos despertar o interesse no desmitificar dos acontecimentos que tomam novos rumos devido à verticalização do escrever história.
DEFESA, SEGURANÇA INTERNACIONAL E FORÇAS ARMADAS.
Authors: Silva dos Anjos Jeniffer Natalie , Batista Risse† Luis Gustavo , Martins Senhoras Elói
Published: October 2015

D´ARAUJO, Maria Celina; SOARES, Samuel Alves; MATHIAS, Suzeley. Kalil. (Orgs). DEFESA, SEGURANÇA INTERNACIONAL E FORÇAS ARMADAS. Campinas: Mercado de Letras, 2008, 328 p.
MULHER E MERCADO DE TRABALHO NO BRASIL: NOTAS DE UMA HISTÓRIA EM ANDAMENTO
Authors: Dos Santos Vasconcelos Iana
Published: October 2015

O presente artigo aborda a inserção da mulher no mercado de trabalho no Brasil e os impactos das transformações econômicas, políticas e sociais, ocasionadas na perspectiva de compreender as novas configurações do trabalho, e especialmente a condição da mulher neste campo. Uma reflexão dessa natureza requer uma análise que contemple as estratégias de sustentação do capital, os papéis sociais atribuídos a mulheres e homens na divisão sexual do trabalho e as condições dadas à materialização da existência. Como resultado do presente trabalho, foi possível verificar o processo diferenciado de inserção e das condições de trabalho das mulheres no Brasil, o qual tem ligação direta com a relação de gênero nesse contexto, no que se refere ao reconhecimento e valorização do trabalho feminino. A representação social construída historicamente a respeito das atribuições de homens e mulheres serve para tornar invisível e secundário o trabalho das mulheres.
FORMAÇÃO CONTÍNUADA DE PROFESSORES: POSSIBILIDADES DE ENFRENTAMENTO DO RACISMO
Authors: Lima Pereira, Montanha Castro Marlete, Lidia
Published: October 2015

Busca-se neste trabalho refletir sobre a formação continuada, como um dos fatores de transformação e mudança na práxis do professor. A formação continuada e a prática docente tem sido fator importante ao processo da efetivação da democratização racial para o enfrentamento do racismo no espaço escolar. Diante desses fatos no primeiro momento, abordarei a trajetória histórica desde o colonialismo e as características biológicas do indivíduo; em seguida os aportes legais respaldados na Constituição de 1988, e na Lei nº11. 645/08. Também abordarei a política de formação continuada dos profissionais da educação de Roraima para a mudança da práxis e a transversalidade dos conteúdos. Concluirei refletindo sobre as implicações, as transformações e mudanças de paradigmas educacionais e sociais através da formação continuada de professores.
RESULTS OF THE PILOT STUDIES DIRECTED ON THE ASSESSMENT OF BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MODIFIED ZIRCONIUM DIOXIDE GRANULES
Authors: Рогожников Алексей , Rogoznikov A.
Published: September 2015

Materials for production of dentures and implantation systems have to possess a complex of characteristics among which lack of toxicity in relation to tissues of the patient and bioinertness is obligatory. The purpose of work was development of ceramics on the basis of zirconium dioxide with a further assessment of parameters of acute toxicity, and also research of influence on regeneration of a bone tissue. For the solution of objectives the ceramics on the basis of zirconium dioxide stabilized the 15th pier was developed and received. % cerium dioxide. By results of experiment of an assessment of parameters of acute toxicity it is established that zirconium dioxide nanoparticles in a dose of 8000 mg/kg at single probe introduction don’t cause intoxication phenomena on the level of change of integrated indicators of the general condition of experimental animals. Results of histologic research of tissues of experimental animals revealed dense contact of a coarse-fibered and lamellar bone tissue with porous granules of dioxide of zirconium. Modifying of a surface of granules compounds of calcium and phosphorus, promotes effective process of a reparativny histogenesis of a bone. It provides dense connection with it without signs of development of pathological changes of fabrics in a zone of an arrangement of the implanted material. Thus, there is a possibility of application of granules of dioxide of zirconium in practical stomatology for acceleration and improvement of quality of bone regeneration at a sine lifting with direct installation of a tooth implant; for elimination of defects, a bone tissue, adjacent to an implant, by sealing of bone defects; for building or reconstruction of a bone tissue of maxillofacial area with preservation of high degree of esthetics.
Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptors and The Metabolic Syndrome
Authors: Meiliana Anna , Wijaya Andi
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a growing threat to global health by virtue of its association with insulin resistance, inflammation, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, collectively known as the metabolic syndrome (MetS). The nuclear receptors PPARα and PPARγ are therapeutic targets for hypertriglyceridemia and insulin resistance, respectively, and drugs that modulate these receptors are currently in clinical use. More recent work on the PPARδ has uncovered a dual benefit for both hypertriglyceridemia and insulin resistance, highlighting the broad potential of PPARs in the treatment of metabolic disease.CONTENT: We have learned much about PPARs, the metabolic fat sensors, and the molecular pathways they regulate. Through their distinct tissue distribution and specific target gene activation, the three PPARs together control diverse aspects of fatty acid metabolism, energy balance, insulin sensitivity glucose homeostasis, inflammation, hypertension and atherosclerosis. These studies have advanced our understanding of the etiology for the MetS. Mechanisms revealed by these studies highlight the importance of emerging concepts, such as the endocrine function of adipose tissue, tissue-tissue cross-talk and lipotoxicity, in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and CVD.SUMMARY: The elucidation of key regulators of energy balance and insulin signaling have revolutionized our understanding of fat and sugar metabolism and their intimate link. The three ‘lipidsensing’ (PPARα, PPARγ and PPARδ) exemplify this connection, regulating diverse aspects of lipid and glucose homeostasis, and serving as bonafide therapeutic targets.KEYWORDS: Peroxisome Proliferator, Activated Receptor, Metabolic Syndrome
Development of Immunopathobiogenesis on SIRS-Sepsis
Authors: Hermawan A Guntur
Published: October 2015

Over the past decade, sepsis has been diagnosed according to consensus guidelines established in 1991 as an infection in addition to the symptoms of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). In addition to the previous criteria, the 2001 conference added several new diagnostic criteria for sepsis. Of particular interest was the inclusion of the biomarkers procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP), despite the overall conclusion that it was premature to use biomarkers for sepsis diagnosis. The primary recommendation of the panel was the implementation of the Predisposition, insult Infection, Response, and Organ dysfunction (PIRO).The immune system has traditionally been devided into innate and adaptive components, each of which has a different role and function in defending the host against infectious agents. Stimulation of different TLRs induces distinct patterns of gene expression, which not only leads to the activation of innate immunity but also increasing evidence supports an additional critical role for TLRs in orchestrating the development of adaptive immune responses.The superantigens are able to induce toxic shock syndrome and can sometimes cause multiple organ failure via adaptive immune system. The superantigenic activity of the bacterial exotoxins can be attributed to their ability to cross-link major histocompatibility complex class II molecules on antigen-presenting cells outside the peptide groove with T-cell receptors to form a trimolecular complex. This trimolecular interaction leads to uncontrolled release of a number of proinflammatory cytokines. Proinflammatory cytokines especially IFN-γ and TNF-α, the key cytokines causing toxic shock syndrome.KEYWORDS: sepsis, innate immunity, adaptive
Elevated Serum Neopterin is Associated with Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Acute Coronary Syndromes
Authors: Santoso Anwar , Wardani Sri , Surayana Ketut
Published: October 2015

BACKGROUND: Neopterin is a soluble biomarker of monocyte activation and its increased concentration might be expressed in atherosclerosis. Until recently, there has been lacking of information on the prognostic role of neopterin in acute coronary syndromes (ACS). The study was aimed at measuring the associations between elevated serum neopterin and increased risk of cardiovascular (CV) events in ACS.METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study, recruited 71 ACS patients from January 31 through August 31, 2007 in Sanglah Hospital of Udayana School of Medicine, Denpasar – Bali. Cardiovascular events, such as: CV death, recurrent myocardial infarction, stroke and recurrent myocardial ischemia were previously defined. Relative risk and survival rate were measured successively by Cox proportional model and Kaplan-Meier curve.RESULTS: Of 71 ACS patients aged 56.8 ± 9.5 years, 21 (29.5%) subjects underwent CV events. Overall mean followup was 151.6 (95% CI: 129.7 – 173.5) days. Baseline characteristic were similarly distributed between groups with the highest quartile neopterin level (≥ 14.7 nmol/L) than those with lowest quartile (≤ 6.2 nmol/L). Patients with the highest quartile had the worst survival curve than those with the lowest quartile (log-rank test; P = 0.047). On Cox proportional model, relative risk of highest quartile group was 5.84 (95% CI: 1.19 – 28.47; P = 0.029) compared to lowest quartile, after being adjusted with other predictors.CONCLUSIONS: Elevated serum neopterin is associated with increased risk of CV events in acute coronary syndromes.KEYWORDS: neopterin, cardiovascular events, acute coronary syndromes
The ecological impacts of marine debris: unraveling the demonstrated evidence from what is perceived
Authors: Rochman Chelsea M. , Browne Mark Anthony , Underwood A. J. , van Franeker Jan A. , Thompson Richard C. , Amaral‐Zettler Linda A.
Published: October 2015

Anthropogenic debris contaminates marine habitats globally, leading to several perceived ecological impacts. Here, we critically and systematically review the literature regarding impacts of debris from several scientific fields to understand the weight of evidence regarding the ecological impacts of marine debris. We quantified perceived and demonstrated impacts across several levels of biological organization that make up the ecosystem and found 366 perceived threats of debris across all levels. Two hundred and ninety‐six of these perceived threats were tested, 83% of which were demonstrated. The majority (82%) of demonstrated impacts were due to plastic, relative to other materials (e.g., metals, glass) and largely (89%) at suborganismal levels (e.g., molecular, cellular, tissue). The remaining impacts, demonstrated at higher levels of organization (i.e., death to individual organisms, changes in assemblages), were largely due to plastic marine debris (>1 mm; e.g., rope, straws, and fragments). Thus, we show evidence of ecological impacts from marine debris, but conclude that the quantity and quality of research requires improvement to allow the risk of ecological impacts of marine debris to be determined with precision. Still, our systematic review suggests that sufficient evidence exists for decision makers to begin to mitigate problematic plastic debris now, to avoid risk of irreversible harm.
Variations of carbon transport in the Yellow River, China
Authors: Liu Jianrong , Song Xiangfang , Wang Zhimin , Yang Lihu , Sun Zhenyu , Wang Wenjia
Published: October 2015

The Yellow River is the second largest river in China. Carbon transport by the Yellow River has significant influence on riverine carbon cycles in Asia. In order to monitor seasonal and spatial variations of carbon concentrations and to estimate carbon exports, water and suspended solids were sampled every 10 days at three representative stations (Qingtongxia, Tongguan, and Luokou) along the mainstream of the Yellow River. Results showed that riverine carbon was mainly in dissolved form, except during flood period and water and sediment regulation (WSR) scheme, when particulate organic carbon (POC) dominated. Concentration of dissolved inorganic carbon was mostly 5 to 10 times higher than that of dissolved organic carbon (DOC). DOC was mainly related to a natural process (leaching effect) in the upstream and anthropogenic activities in the midstream (domestic sewage and fertilizer application) and downstream (industrial wastewater). POC was connected with high suspended solids. Annually carbon delivered to the Bohai Sea was 1.34 × 1012 g/yr, accounting for 0.15% of the global total riverine carbon flux. Mean DOC exported accounted for 0.12% of the Asian rivers' DOC flux. WSR played an important role in the carbon transport, which accounted for 1/5 to 1/3 of the corresponding annual fluxes.
Estimation of the instantaneous peak flow from maximum daily flow: a comparison of three methods
Authors: Ding J. , Haberlandt U. , Dietrich J.
Published: October 2015

Three different methods are compared to estimate the instantaneous peak flow (IPF) from the corresponding maximum daily flow (MDF), as the daily data are more often available at gauges of interest and often with longer recording periods. In the first approach, simple linear regression is applied to calculate IPF from MDF values using probability weighted moments and quantile values. In the second method, the use of stepwise multiple linear regression analysis allows to identify the most important catchment descriptors of the study basin. The resulting equation can be applied to transfer MDF into IPF. With the third method, the temporal scaling properties of annual maximum flow series are investigated based on the hypothesis of piece wise simple scaling combined with the generalized extreme value distribution. The scaling formulas developed from three 15 min stations in the Aller-Leine river basin of Germany are transferred to all daily stations to estimate the IPF. The method based on stepwise multiple linear regression gives the best results compared with the other two methods. The simple regression method is the easiest to apply given sufficient peak flow data, while the scaling method is the most efficient method with regard to data use.
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Prevention and Rehabilitation: Let's Get It Right
Authors: Wilk Kevin E.
Published: October 2015

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are among the most common and functionally disabling conditions in orthopaedics and sports medicine. As professionals, we need to do a better job of screening individuals to determine who is at greatest risk of sustaining an ACL injury, as well as implementing injury prevention programs. We also need to do a better job with programs that return individuals to their preinjury activity levels, including implementing thorough functional testing to determine if a patient is ready to return to sports or strenuous activities post-ACLR.

J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2015;45(10):729–730. doi:10.2519/jospt.2015.0109
A population-based review of bone morphogenetic protein: associated complication and reoperation rates after lumbar spinal fusion
Authors: Savage Jason W. , Kelly Mick P. , Ellison Scott A. , Anderson Paul A.
Published: October 2015

OBJECT

The authors compared the rates of postoperative adverse events and reoperation of patients who underwent lumbar spinal fusion with bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) to those of patients who underwent lumbar spinal fusion without BMP.

METHODS

The authors retrospectively analyzed the PearlDiver Technologies, Inc., database, which contains the Medicare Standard Analytical Files, the Medicare Carrier Files, the PearlDiver Private Payer Database (UnitedHealthcare), and select state all-payer data sets, from 2005 to 2010. They identified patients who underwent lumbar spinal fusion with and without BMP. The ICD-9-CM code 84.52 was used to identify patients who underwent spinal fusion with BMP. ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes identified complications that occurred during the initial hospital stay. ICD-9-CM procedural codes were used to identify reoperations within 90 days of the index procedure. The relative risks (and 95% CIs) of BMP use compared with no BMP use (control) were calculated for the association of any complication with BMP use compared with the control.

RESULTS

Between 2005 and 2010, 460,773 patients who underwent lumbar spinal fusion were identified. BMP was used in 30.7% of these patients. The overall complication rate in the BMP group was 18.2% compared with 18.7% in the control group. The relative risk of BMP use compared with no BMP use was 0.976 (95% CI 0.963–0.989), which indicates a significantly lower overall complication rate in the BMP group (p < 0.001). In both treatment groups, patients older than 65 years had a statistically significant higher rate of postoperative complications than younger patients (p < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONS

In this large-scale institutionalized database study, BMP use did not seem to increase the overall risk of developing a postoperative complication after lumbar spinal fusion surgery.
Erratum: An assessment of the cost-effectiveness of magnetic resonance, including diffusion-weighted imaging, in patients with transient ischaemic attack and minor stroke: a systematic review, meta-analysis and economic evaluation
Authors: Wardlaw Joanna , Brazzelli Miriam , Miranda Hector , Chappell Francesca , McNamee Paul , Scotland Graham , Quayyum Zahid , Martin Duncan , Shuler Kirsten , Sandercock Peter , Dennis Martin
Published: October 2015

Corrections to thex-axis title of the right-hand side forest plot in Figures 10–12
Thomas Hardwicke (1756–1835): botanical drawings and manuscripts from the Hardwicke Bequest in the British Library
Authors: Turner I. M.
Published: October 2015

Major-General Thomas Hardwicke retired following a lengthy career in India during which he amassed a considerable collection of natural history specimens and drawings. At his death in 1835, the bulk of these were transferred to the British Museum, together with various drawings, manuscripts and correspondence – the “Hardwicke Bequest”. The purpose of this paper is to review some of the material in the Hardwicke Bequest, particularly that related to botany now held in the British Library. The illustrations include the 16-volume set of “Plants of India”, a volume of Indian fungi, and another of plants of Penang. Among the manuscripts, a copy of the contents list of William Jack's hortus siccus of Malay plants presented to the Marchioness of Hastings appears to be a significant find. A manuscript copy of William Hunter's “Plants of Prince of Wales Island”, the earliest, though unpublished until 1909, flora of Penang is also notable. Hardwicke was an indefatigable describer of the plants he encountered, sending many descriptions, as well as specimens, to William Roxburgh and other eminent botanists of his day. The Hardwicke Bequest includes a large number of manuscript descriptions, notably 247 from Hardwicke's extended stay in Mauritius in 1811.