bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Variation in Leaf Nitrogen and Phosphorus Stoichiometry in Different Functional Groups of Legumes
Authors: Shi Z. Y. , Xu S. X. , Lu S. C. , Yang M. , Zhang M. G. , Li Y. J. , Wang X. G. , Chen X. N.
Published: May 2020

The legume is notable owing to their symbiotic nitrogen (N) fixing ability. Usually, higher leaf N concentration and N to phosphorus (P) ratio (N:P) in legumes than non-legumes. However, the variations of leaf N, P and N:P and their relationship had been hardly studied based on functional groups. In this study, we studied the leaf N, P and N:P and their relationship among different functional groups. The results showed that the average values of leaf N, P and N:P ratios for all legumes were 27.33 mg g-1, 1.27 mg g-1 and 21.94, respectively. Leaf N (36.96 mg g-1) and P (2.15 mg g-1) of herbaceous legumes are significantly higher than N (24.97 mg g-1) and P (1.18 mg g-1) in woody plants, respectively. Moreover, leaf N, P and N:P of shrub markedly higher than them in tree. Leaf N and P are always higher in deciduous than evergreen legumes. A negative correlation was found between leaf N:P and P in overall and different functional groups of legumes.
Yield Performance and Content of Selected Organic Compounds in Trifolium pratense Treated with Various Biostimulants against the Background of Nitrogen Fertilisation
Authors: Godlewska A. , Ciepiela G. A.
Published: May 2020

The present work is an attempt to assess the effect of biostimulants of various origins and nitrogen regime on yield performance, chlorophyll content, protein content and soluble carbohydrate in red clover. A field experiment was arranged as a randomized subblock design (split-plot) in Poland in August 2013. The following factors were examined: type of biostimulant; nitrogen application rate: 0 (control) and 30 kg. ha-1. Biostimulants significantly increased red clover biomass yields. All the examined biostimulants contributed to an increase in the amount of organic components in red clover dry matter. Nitrogen applied at the rate of 30 kg. ha-1 significantly increased red clover yield, chlorophyll content in red clover leaves and protein compounds but it also significantly reduced soluble carbohydrates in the dry matter of test plants.
In dogs weighing under 15 Kg with unilateral cranial cruciate ligament disease, does tibial tuberosity advancement lead to better long-term functional outcomes than lateral fabellar suture?
Authors: Mapuvire Tafara
Published: May 2020

PICO question

In dogs weighing under 15 kg with unilateral cranial cruciate ligament disease, does tibial tuberosity advancement lead to better long-term functional outcomes than lateral fabellar suture?

 

Clinical bottom line

Category of research question

Treatment

The number and type of study designs reviewed

There were no papers that answered the PICO question

Strength of evidence

Zero

Outcomes reported

Between TTA and LFS none of the techniques was shown to provide better long-term functional outcomes than the other in dogs weighing less than 15 kg

Conclusion

Given the absence of evidence answering the PICO question, choice and recommendation of procedure between TTA and LFS in dogs weighing under 15 kg should be guided by what the surgeon deems to be in the best interest of the patient

 

How to apply this evidence in practice

The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources.

Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.
Carreira e trabalho: quem é o assessor de imprensa em Imperatriz (MA)?
Authors: Bueno Thaísa Cristina , Fonseca Jordana
Published: May 2020

A proposta desta pesquisa é traçar o perfil do profissional que trabalha em assessoria de imprensa em Imperatriz, segunda maior cidade do Maranhão. O mapeamento levanta características relacionadas à formação, à renda, às atribuições e às condições de trabalho dos profissionais que atuaram neste cargo em 2017, nesse município. Para isso, um questionário semiestruturado online, com 23 questões, foi aplicado por meio da ferramenta Google Forms e enviado para os 37 profissionais mapeados como atuantes no mercado local. Destes, 32 responderam. Os resultados apontam que o mercado de assessoria de imprensa na cidade cresceu exponencialmente nos últimos 10 anos, o que se configura, efetivamente, em mais empregos para jornalistas, ainda que precise de melhorias nas condições de trabalho e na remuneração.
Apontamentos sobre a formação do dispositivo do olhar no cinema
Authors: Acker Ana Maria
Published: May 2020

O artigo traz alguns apontamentos sobre o dispositivo na formação do olhar do espectador no cinema e problematiza modos de ver e fruir as imagens em movimento. O dispositivo do olhar é pensado como o comportamento visual organizado na narrativa e as estratégias deste para afetar a forma de ver do público, os respectivos discursos em intentar o apelo sensível. Autores como Friedrich Kittler, Hans Ulrich Gumbrecht, Jonathan Crary, Marilena Chauí, Michel Foucault e Laurent Mannoni serviram de base para a reflexão. A discussão começa com aspectos teóricos em torno do conceito e se estende para três processos de formação do olhar ao longo do tempo por meio de alguns instrumentos visuais anteriores ao cinematógrafo. Tais objetos deixaram rastros no modo como a visão se compõe diante de telas e nas subjetividades derivadas da relação humana com esses artefatos.
As representações midiáticas da transexualidade na telenovela A força do querer
Authors: Santos Tarcyanie cajueiro , Mattos Georgia
Published: May 2020

Este artigo reflete sobre a representação que a telenovela A força do querer, da Rede Globo, construiu sobre a transexualidade, por meio da/do personagem Ivana/Ivan. A análise do trabalho se utiliza do instrumento analítico do Circuito da Cultura, aporte teórico-metodológico dos Estudos Culturais, que compreende cinco processos distintos – representação, identidade, produção, consumo e regulação – como responsáveis por produzir significados na sociedade. São processos diferenciados que se articulam na construção de sentidos. Neste artigo, apresenta-se o conteúdo trabalhado no eixo Representação, com o apoio teórico dos estudos queer de Judith Butler. O estudo conclui que a telenovela teve a intenção de promover um discurso a favor da diversidade, desmistificando concepções essencialistas e apontando para novas possibilidades de identidades generificadas, trazidas à tona a partir da experiência da transexualidade. Ainda assim, a telenovela construiu um sujeito transexual de acordo com os parâmetros do discurso médico e, dessa forma, sua representação estabelece uma verdade sobre a transexualidade, que confina a identidade transexual aos padrões rígidos do que é ser transexual, deixando de lado as diversidades e as pluralidades que existem em cada experiência.
Violência simbólica e Cidadania no Futebol: o discurso homofóbico em programas esportivos
Authors: Lemes Luiz Fernando Rodrigues , Temer Ana Carolina Rocha Pessôa
Published: May 2020

Este artigo pretende compreender como o programa esportivo Jogo Aberto, da TV Bandeirantes, debate sobre comportamentos afetivos envolvendo atletas de equipes de futebol no Brasil. Para isso, foi escolhido o último caso de demonstração afetiva debatido pelo programa (beijo entre Emerson Sheik, ex-jogador do Corinthians, e o chefe de cozinha Isaac Azar). Para isso, partiu-se da concepção de que o futebol é um espaço marcado pela masculinidade e virilidade, que rejeita comportamentos considerados fora desse padrão e, a partir desse cenário, a mídia esportiva deveria assumir a responsabilidade social de debater sobre o tema da sexualidade no esporte a partir da pluralidade de vozes. Foi utilizada a análise de discurso crítica com base nos dispositivos analíticos de Dijk (2015), que permitiu identificar as construções discursivas do programa que contribuíram para a disseminação de preconceitos e estereótipos negativos sobre os homossexuais.
A reincidência do acontecimento no discurso jornalístico
Authors: Marocco Beatriz Alcaraz
Published: May 2020

Este texto pretende esboçar um percurso teórico-metodológico para a compreensão da reincidência de um acontecimento arcano na reportagem “Cartão-postal do abandono”, publicada em Zero Hora na edição de 10 e 11/12/2016. O projeto do governo brasileiro de repressão à ociosidade e às profissões desonestas, localizado pela autora em trabalho anterior, ocupa uma zona de sombra no conjunto de informações operadas pelo repórter de ZH. Em diferentes condições históricas de possibilidade, na virada do século XIX, a imprensa incluiu os indivíduos que desafiavam a ordem e o progresso nas cidades, para excluí-los da sociedade. Na atualidade, o repórter tece uma polifonia de vozes que produziram os mesmos sentidos de exclusão social, desta vez, incluindo outros personagens. Esta análise enunciativa de uma heterogeneidade de discursos lança luz sobre as relações de poder que estão em jogo na produção de relatos jornalísticos, ao longo da história.
Profile of Colorectal Tumor in Gastroentero-Hepatology Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya
Authors: Thamrin Husin , Ilmiah Khafidhotul , Tirthaningsih Ni Wajan
Published: May 2020

Colorectal cancer has became burden in the world.The latest study shows that colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in men and second most common cancer in women globally. There are difference characteristic of epidemiology in every countries. Moreover, there is no study that represents epidemiology of colorectal cancer in Indonesia yet, especially in East Java. The aim of this study was to describe colorectal tumor profile by age and gender in Gastroentero-Hepatology Center, Dr Soetomo Hospital. This study has received a certificate of Ethical Clearance No.273/Panke.KKE/IV/2015, a descriptive retrospective study. We collected data using medical records, and patients who have been colonoscopy examination and suspected colorectal tumor were included. There were 201 patients, divided to 100 males and 101 females. The peak of incidence was on 51-60 years old group, but on the 31-40 years old incidence of colorectal tumor was increased. The youngest patient was 17 years old. And tumors are more likely develop in distal area, especially in rectum. This study shows a different characteristic profile of colorectal tumor, where tumor is developed at young people and there is no significant difference between male and female for the incidence.
Profile of Secondary Glaucoma at a Tertiary Hospital in East Java
Authors: Komaratih Evelyn , Rindiastuti Yuyun , Primitasari Yulia
Published: May 2020

Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness. The aim of this study was to review the profile of secondary glaucoma cases visiting a tertiary hospital in East Java. This is retrospective observational study, completed case records of new patients with secondary glaucoma who presented to glaucoma clinic from January 2014 to April 2016 were included. Out of the 363 case records screened, 66 cases were found to eligible for inclusion. The evaluation included a detailed history and examination performed including vision, anterior segment examination, intraocular pressure (IOP), gonioscopy, and fundus evaluation. Diagnosis of secondary glaucoma was made on the basis of presence of a secondary cause for presence of raised IOP. 66 cases were eligible for inclusion in the study, most of the cases was occurred in the range age 21-50 years. The male female ratio was 1.3:1. Frequent causes of secondary glaucoma were lens factor 30.8%, steroid induced 29.5%, uveitic 20.5%, neovascular15.4%, and surgical complication 3.8%. Most patients with secondary glaucoma have poor vision < 0.1 with high IOP at presentation. Assessment and early detection of underlying cause is the key guide to treatment strategy.
Delatni potencijal sećanja levice
Authors: Kuljić Todor
Published: May 2020

Kako osmisliti i operativno organizovati sećanja levice u delatnom, a ne u muzejskom pravcu? Šta znači otvoreno se suočiti sa kulturom poraza levice? Razmotrene su dimenzije poraza levice, priroda linearnog i kontingentnog vremena, različita proživljavanja poraza kod fašizma i liberalizma i dijalektika nade i razočarenja. Ukazano je da treba odbaciti jezik psihoanalize (čežnja, nostalgija, žalost, melanholija) i teleološku viziju neoliberalnog pobednika, pa levicu i desnicu shvatiti u novim dimenzijama vremena, unutar novog odnosa Kairosa i Hronosa u digitalnom dobu. Treba se samorefleksivno osvrnuti na greške levice, a naročito na greške iz kojih se može učiti. Treba teorijski probuditi ambiciju. Višeslojnom sećanju levice škodi dominacija jedne vrste sećanja, potrebna je samokontrola i ravnoteža pamćenja nestale socijalne države i vlastitog nasilja.
“Čovjek je ujedno i ono što može biti”
Authors: Matošević Andrea
Published: May 2020

U radu se analizira pojam otuđenja, odnosno alijenacije u dvostrukom smislu: s jedne strane kao značajna artikulacija filozofskih i socioloških problema u jugoslavenskoj socijalističkoj misli i šire, ali i istovremeno kao vrlo prisutna akcentuacija detektiranih stanja u industrijskim postrojenjima. Na toj dvostrukoj poziciji grade se djelomična analiza i usporedba s kontekstom današnjih uvjeta rada u sektoru koji Franco “Bifo” Berardi naziva “kognitarijatom”, ali iz kojega su detekcija i konstatacija otuđenja gotovo u potpunosti odstranjene i zamijenjene nizom supstituta poput “beznađa”, “ravnodušnosti”, “besperspektivnosti”, “samoizrabljivanja” ili pak “sagorijevanja na poslu”. U radu se interpretira nedostatnost takve zamjene, jer je otuđenje, unatoč konstantno naglašavanoj apstraktnosti njegova značenja, konotiralo kritiku, promjenu i nadilaženje trenutnog stanja, odnosno napor ka razotuđenju, što nije slučaj s nizom spomenutih termina. Iz tog je razloga rad prožet jezičnom analizom te pokušava odgovoriti na pitanje o mogućnosti govora i analize dijela današnjih, poglavito radnih, uvjeta i stanja u terminima otuđenja.
Epidemiological Characteristics of COVID-19 Patients in Vietnam and a Description of Disease Control and Prevention Measures in Thai Binh Province
Authors: Hoang Van Thuan , Pham Thi Dung , Dao Thi Loi , Nguyen Duc Thanh , Dang Van Nghiem , Dao Thanh Tung , Nguyen Van Luong , Dang Quang Huy , Do Xuan Cap , Nguyen Van Thom , Pham Van Diu , Vu Phong Tuc , Hoang Nang Trong , Gautret Philippe , Nguyen Duy Cuong
Published: May 2020

IntroductionThe aim of this study is to describe the epidemiology of all COVID-19 patients in Vietnam and to describe the measures of disease control and prevention implemented. MethodsData were recovered from Wikipedia regarding the 2020 coronavirus pandemic in Vietnam. The period covered was from 23 January to 20 April 2020. Descriptive analysis was stratified by gender, age, country of origin, travel history, clinical symptoms and outcome. A survey of disease control and prevention measures was conducted at the Centre for Disease Control in the Thai Binh province, which is responsible for screening and isolating individuals at high risk of COVID-19. ResultsAs of 20 April 2020, Vietnam had recorded 268 confirmed COVID-19 patients. 55.2% were female. 67.9% were aged 20-49 years and 82.5% were Vietnamese. 60.4% of cases were imported from outside Vietnam. Other cases were acquired in Vietnam by individuals in close contact with imported cases. Only one patient who had not travelled had had no known contact with a confirmed case. 63.1% of patients were asymptomatic. 75.7% of patients were discharged. No deaths were recorded. The Thai Binh CDC surveyed a total of 2,203 persons at risk of COVID-19. 336 persons (15.2%) were isolated at hospitals and 1,411 (64.0%) in dedicated isolation facilities. 16.4% reported at least one respiratory symptom. No positive cases confirmed by RT-PCR have been reported in the Thai Binh province to date. ConclusionThe effect of the systematic screening and isolation strategy made it possible to limit local transmission in Vietnam. Vietnam needs to reinforce diagnostic capacities, prevention measures and provide the necessary epidemiological data on which to base interventions. The wider use of rapid serological tests is also advisable in order to be able to conduct extensive screening in the community.
Heart Rate Variability in a Patient with Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Baumann Christoph , Buchhorn Reiner , Willaschek Christian
Published: May 2020

This case study investigates the heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) in a patient with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We report the case of a 58-year old male who contracted COVID-19. During his disease, 24-hour Holter electrocardiography (ECG) was performed continuously. For comparison, his 24-hour Holter ECGs from the previous 10 years were available. In this patient, COVID-19 was associated with a decrease in HR and a paradoxical decline in HRV. An abrupt decline in HRV and a decrease in HR may signal the onset of COVID-19 before common symptoms such as dry cough or fever appear. In addition, HRV and HR measurements may help to evaluate the course of the disease.
Dynamics of SEAIQR Model with Saturated Type Treatment: A Case Study of Spain COVID-19
Authors: Ghosh Uttam , Kamrujjaman Md , Ghosh Jayanta Kumar
Published: May 2020

Background: Outbreak of the Covid-19 is now an ongoing global health emergency. At the end of December 2019, the first infection was reported in Wuhan and the world did not pay attention to this extremely contaminated disease and plucked to react rapidly. The World is in an vulnerable state in disease spreading, facing a great loss of lives and socio-economic aspects also. That is why we have proposed a potential mathematical model with data analysis to predict and control the outcome of this pandemic. Methods: The model presented the epidemic dynamics of multiple compartments. We collected available online data of Spain. In primary step, we estimated the parameters using either the data analysis or reference papers. Then we did the data fitting analysis in comparison with the outcome of our mathematical results. The results of the system depended not only the parameters also on social consciousness. Results: It is found that disease progression in this model is determined by the basic reproductive ratio, $R_0$, the actual epidemic of $R_0$ and effective $R(t)$ of each day. If $R_0>1$, the number of latently infected individuals grows exponentially; endemic solution is stable while infection rate decays if $R_0<1$. The optimal control theory stated that vaccination and treatment strategies are highly effective for reducing both susceptible and infected population and to increase the recover rate high. In Spain, after state of alarm (quarantine) on 14 March 2020, reported cases increasing for 13 days only and from the 14th day, daily reported cases started to decline albeit with small fluctuation. Our proposed model approximates that the disease in Spain could be fully under control by after July 2020. Conclusion: Outbreak will be in control of health care system, reduce the death rate and will ensure social-economic stability.
IDENTIFIKASI STRUKTUR BAWAH PERMUKAAN DI SEKITAR MANIFESTASI PANASBUMI REATOA KABUPATEN MAROS MENGGUNAKAN SURVEY GEOLISTRIK RESISTIVITAS
Authors: Anas Nur Ayu , Syamsuddin Syamsuddin , Harimei Bambang , Nasri Muhammad
Published: May 2020

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi struktur bawah permukaan berupa rekahan pada daerah sekitar manifestasi mata air panas Reatoa di Dusun Realolo, Kabupaten Maros. Beberapa penelitian mengenai panasbumi di Sulawesi Selatan menggunakan geolistrik resistivitas pernah dilakukan untuk mencari zona aquifer hidrothermal di sekitar sumber air panas Panggo di Desa Kaloling, Kabupaten Sinjai. Penelitian ini juga pernah dilakukan dalam eksplorasi mata air panas menggunakan metode geolistrik resisitivitas di daerah Kabupaten Pinrang. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode geolistrik resistivitas konfigurasi Wenner – Schlumberger sebanyak 4 lintasan. Panjang masing – masing lintasan adalah 300 m dan jarak antar elektroda 5 m. Hasil yang diperoleh merupakan kondisi geologi bawah permukaan daerah penelitian dengan nilai resistivitas kurang dari 8,35 Ωm diduga sebagai zona aquifer dan batuan yang berasosiasi dengan fluida. Nilai resistivitas 8,35 Ωm – 16,7 Ωm diperkirakan sebagai satuan batu pasir yang berselingan dengan batulempung dan nilai resistivitas lebih dari 23,6 Ωm diduga sebagai batuan breksi gunungapi dari batuan gunungapi Formasi Camba. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan adanya rekahan pada titik 110 – 130 m pada lintasan 1 dan titik 210 – 215 m pada lintasan 2 yang memiliki arah sejajar dengan mata air panas Reatoa, sehingga rekahan ini diduga menjadi penyebab fluida panas yang berada pada aquifer memiliki celah ke permukaan dan membentuk manifestasi berupa mata air panas.
Partition Dimension of Complete Multipartite Graph
Authors: Safriadi Safriadi , Hasmawati Hasmawati , Haryanto Loeky
Published: May 2020

Determining a resolving partition of a graph is an interesting study in graph theory due to many applications like censor design, compound classification in chemistry, robotic navigation and internet network. Let  and , the distance between  an  is . For an ordered partition  of , the representation of  with respect to  is . The partition  is called a resolving partition of  if all representation of vertices are distinct. The partition dimension of graph  is the smallest integer  such that  has a resolving partition with  element.In this thesis, we determine the partition dimension of complete multipartite graph  ,  which is limited by , with  and . We found that , , and , .
Bayesian inference for Pareto distribution with prior conjugate and prior non conjugate
Authors: YANUAR Ferra , Saputri Cici
Published: May 2020

The purpose of this study is to determine the best estimator for estimating the shape   parameters of the Pareto distribution with the known  scale parameter. Estimation of these parameters is done by using the Gamma distribution as the prior distribution of the conjugate and the Uniform distribution as the non-conjugate prior distribution. A comparison of the two prior distributions is done through simulation studies with various sample sizes. The best estimator net is a method that produces the smallest posterior variance, absolute bias, and Bayes confidence interval. This study proves that the Bayes estimator by using the prior conjugate distribution produces all indicators of the goodness of the model with a smaller value than the non-conjugate prior distribution. Thus it can be concluded that the estimator with prior conjugate will produce a better predictive value than prior non-conjugate.
Non-cash Payment Transaction Projection Using ARIMAX : Efect of Calendar
Authors: Putera Muhammad Luthfi Setiarno
Published: May 2020

As the most Moslem country, economic activity in Indonesia is often parallel with the movement of Qamariah (lunar) calendar which is different with Gregorian calendar. Using calender variation, this research attempts to look for modified time series model for non-cash payment projection (forecast) aim. The result shows that calendar variation plays statistically significant role on non-cash payment, evidenced by significant payment in the month in which Eid Fitr occurs. The occurrence of Eid Fitr in the first and second week of the month is evidently characterized by increasing non-cash payment in one month earlier. The best model with highest accuracy for non-cash payment projection is ARIMAX(2,1,1) as it is able to capture the pattern, trend and fluctuation. It also suggests the peak of non-cash payment will be in December.
Analysis Relationship of Imported Rice with Rice Production, Imported and Domestic Rice Prices with VECM
Authors: Rai Abyan , Wibowo Sasmito Hadi
Published: May 2020

Rice is the main food for most Indonesians. With much natural resources, Indonesia can naturally fulfill its own rice consumption needs. However, Indonesia actually relies on imports to meet consumption needs. Even Indonesia continues to import while rice production is volatility surplus to maintain domestic rice prices. Based on these problems, this study aims to analyze the relationship of volume of imported rice with rice production, domestic rice prices, and prices of imported rice. The method used is descriptive analysis and Vector Error Correction Model (VECM). In the long-term, rice production and domestic rice prices have significant effect on Indonesia's rice import volume. In short-term, rice production and domestic rice prices have significant effect on Indonesian rice import volume. The results of the causality test show that there is a two-way relationship between Indonesian rice import volume and Indonesian production rice. Meanwhile, a one-way relationship occurs when imported rice volumes influenced by prices of domestic rice.
La encuesta como herramienta para conocer las ideas previas sobre paisaje del alumnado de ESO: una experiencia piloto en Navarra
Authors: Casas Jericó María , Erneta Altarriba Luis , Puig Baguer Jordi
Published: May 2020

El Convenio Europeo del Paisaje (2000) reconoció la necesidad de desarrollar propuestas formativas y de sensibilización en materia de paisaje, encaminadas a lograr una ciudadanía concienciada y activa. Por este motivo, es adecuado conocer las ideas previas sobre paisaje de los ciudadanos, para, a partir de éstas, diseñar propuestas que respondan a las necesidades educativas reales. El presente artículo tiene por objeto mostrar una breve encuesta diseñada para lograr una primera aproximación a las ideas previas y preferencias paisajísticas del alumnado de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria de Navarra.
Se hace Geografía al andar: la salida de campo itinerante y senderista
Authors: García Martín Miguel , Villar Lama Arsenio , Fraile Jurado Pablo , Sánchez Carnero Noela , Márquez Pérez Joaquín
Published: May 2020

Las salidas de campo representan un método de enseñanza fuera del aula muy característico de la Geografía y cuentan con una larga trayectoria histórica. En este artículo presentamos la Salida Itinerante de Geografía, una experiencia docente transversal en la que profesores y alumnos universitarios recorren a pie durante varios días seguidos un espacio de carácter natural y rural. La caminata sirve para vertebrar el trabajo de campo, que se organiza por grupos, abordando las distintas claves territoriales y paisajísticas del ámbito. Asimismo, llevamos a cabo una evaluación de esta experiencia docente que servirá para mejorar futuras ediciones.
Los paisajes rurales en los proyectos educativos de enseñanza primaria. Una propuesta para la comarca de Tierra de Campos
Authors: Morales Prieto Erica , Delgado Huertos Enrique
Published: May 2020

La literatura científica sobre los paisajes rurales cuenta con una dilatada trayectoria y es extraordinariamente abundante. No sucede lo mismo con el tratamiento educativo de estos paisajes, sobre los cuales apenas se han elaborado recursos didácticos. Presentamos aquí un proyecto educativo para el ciclo superior de la enseñanza Primaria en el que, a través de una salida de campo a la Tierra de Campos de Palencia y Valladolid, se presentan un abanico de propuestas y actividades para realizar antes, durante y una vez realizado el viaje, así como información de interés y recomendaciones para el profesorado que desee ponerlo en práctica.
Aspiration-Sclerotherapy Versus Laparoscopic De-roofing in the Treatment of Renal Cysts: Which is better?
Authors: Zhang Xueling , Cao Dehong , Han Peizhen , Ren Zhengju , Wang Jia , Wei Qiang
Published: May 2020

Background: To compare the clinical efficiency between aspiration-sclerotherapy (AS) and laparoscopic de-roofing (LD) in the management of renal cysts through meta-analysis of comparative studies.Method: A comprehensive literature search was performed by PubMed, MEDLINE, Ovid and Web of Science for relevant studies published up to January 2020. The statistical analyses were conducted with Review Manager 5.3.0 and Stata 15.1. The sensitivity analysis was also carried out to confirm the reliability of this Meta-analysis.Results: Our searches of literature generated 6 studies (1547 patients incorporated) comparing AS with LD in the impacts of renal cyst therapy. Of these, 6 studies contained 1106 and 441 patients who were treated with AS and LD, respectively. The outcome of this meta-analysis indicated that LD group was superior in symptomatic successful rate [Odds Ratio(OR): 0.28; 95%Confidence Interval(CI): 0.09 to 0.86；P=0.03), radiological successful rate (OR: 0.06; 95%CI: 0.02 to 0.15; P<0.01) and recurrence rate (OR: 6.08; 95%CI: 2.81 to 13.15; p<0.01). Nevertheless, AS group had shorter treatment time [Mean Difference(MD)：-51.10; 95% CI：-73.01 to -29.20; p<0.01]. No statistically significant difference was showed in the rate of complications (OR: 3.19; 95% CI: 0.39 to 25.88; P=0.28).Conclusions: In our meta-analysis, LD had higher symptomatic successful rate, radiological successful rate as well as lower recurrence rate than AS, while the treatment time was longer.
Study Protocol Daiobotanpito combined with antibiotic therapy for treatment of acute diverticulitis: a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Ogawa-Ochiai Keiko , Yoshimura Keinichi , Shirai Akiko , Sakai Seisho , Moriyama Hideki , Nakamura Keishi , Murayama Toshinori , Ishikawa Hideki
Published: May 2020

Background: Colonic diverticular disease has been increasing in prevalence due to the rapidly aging global population, but standard treatment has not changed dramatically in recent years. Daiobotanpito (DBT; Da Huang Mu Dan Tang in Chinese) has been used in medical treatment of acute abdominal abscesses, such as appendicitis or diverticulitis in traditional Japanese (Kampo) medicine for many years, based on more than 3000 years of experience. Prior to this study, a retrospective open-label trial was conducted to compare patients with acute diverticulitis who received oral DBT combined with intravenous antibiotics with those who received intravenous antibiotic alone; it showed a positive effect of DBT on acute diverticulitis. We aim to investigate whether moderate to severe acute diverticulitis shows greater improvement with intravenous antibiotics plus orally administered DBT compared with intravenous antibiotics with placebo. Methods: This is a two-group, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center trial, which is designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DBT for moderate to severe diverticulitis patients treated with intravenous antibiotics. Eligible participants will be randomized to either a treatment group receiving a 10-day oral DBT regimen plus conventional therapy or a control group receiving a 10-day placebo regimen plus conventional therapy. The primary outcome will be the treatment success rate of diverticulitis defined as fever relief to <37.5 ℃ within 3 days or/and elimination of abdominal pain within 4 days. In other words, the primary outcome will be the treatment success rate of diverticulitis defined as elimination of abdominal pain within 4 days for all patients, and if they have fever ≧37.5℃ on inclusion to this study, fever relief to <37.5℃ within 3 days. Secondary endpoints will include hospitalization days, changes in inflammatory response (CRP, WBC, neutrophil count), thermal type, number of days before beginning food intake, recurrence rate (observation for 1 year after registration), and adverse event expression rate. Assessments will be performed at baseline and on the day of discharge. The recurrence rate will be recorded at 1 year after registration. Discussion: This study is expected to provide evidence to support the clinical benefits of DBT in the treatment of acute diverticulitis. It may also provide evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of DBT in the recurrence of acute diverticulitis. Trial registration: UMIN000027381, registered on April 27th, 2017 https://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-bin/ctr/ctr_view_reg.cgi?recptno=R000031377, and changed to jRCTs041180063, registered on July 30th, 2019; https://jrct.niph.go.jp/en-latest-detail/jRCTs041180063 as a result of the revision of the domestic law in 2018 in Japan.
Research transparency promotion by surgical journals publishing randomised controlled trials: a survey
Authors: Lombard Nicolas , Gasmi Anis , Sulpice Laurent , Boudjema Karim , Naudet Florian , Bergeat Damien
Published: May 2020

Objective: To describe the surgical journal position statement on data-sharing policies (primary objective) and to describe the other features of their research transparency promotion. Methods: Only “SURGICAL” journals with an impact factor superior to 2 (Web of Science) were eligible for the study. They were not included if there were no explicit instructions for clinical trial publication in the official instructions for authors (OIA) and if there were no randomized controlled trial (RCT) published between 1 st January 2016 and 1 st January 2019. The primary outcome was the existence of a data-sharing policy in the instructions for authors. Data sharing policy was detailed in 3 categories, the International committee of medical journal editors (ICMJE) compliant, optional or inexistent. Details on research transparency promotion were also collected, namely the existence of a “prospective registration of clinical trials requirement” policy; a conflict of interests (COIs) disclosure requirement and a specific reference to reporting guidelines such as CONSORT for RCT. Results: Among the 87 surgical journals eligible, 82 were included in the study: 67 (82%) had explicit instructions for RCT and of the remaining, 15 (18%) had published at least one RCT. The median impact factor was 2.98 [IQR=2.48-3.77] and in 2016 and 2017, the journals published a median of 11.5 RCT [IQR=5-20.75]. Data-sharing statement instructions (primary outcome) was retrieved in 41 journals (50%); Data-sharing statement instructions were ICMJE compliant in four cases (4.9%), optional in 45% (n=37) and inexistent in 50% (n=41) of the journals. As for data-sharing statements, no association was found between journal characteristics and the existence of data-sharing policies (ICMJE-compliant or optional). A “prospective registration of clinical trials requirement” was associated with ICMJE allusion or affiliation and higher impact factors. Journals with specific RCT instructions in their OIA and journals referenced on the ICMJE website more frequently mandated the use of CONSORT guidelines. Conclusion: Research transparency promotion is still limited in surgical journals. Standardisation of journal requirements according to ICMJE guidelines could be a first step forward for research transparency promotion in surgery.
Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes Among Prisoners and General Population in Zomba, Malawi
Authors: Singano Victor Hamilton , Kip Esther , Ching’ani Wilson , Chiwaula Lawrence
Published: May 2020

Background: TB remains a major global health problem. It is particularly prevalent in prisons in sub-Saharan Africa due to overcrowding, malnutrition, high HIV prevalence and insufficient medical services. Prisoners have experienced worse TB treatment outcomes than the general population. The researchers investigated the TB treatment outcomes and predictors of unsuccessful treatment outcomes among prisoners and the general population in Zomba, Malawi. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed TB registers of prisoners and the general population diagnosed with TB from January 2011 to December 2016 at Zomba Maximum Central Prison and Zomba Central Hospital, Malawi. The study used routinely collected data extracted from national, standardized TB treatment monitoring tools. Successful treatment outcome was classified as the total for cured and completed treatment while unsuccessful treatment outcome was classified as the total of deaths and treatment failures. We used descriptive statistics to compare the demographics and TB treatment parameters among prisoners and non – prisoners and computed multivariate analysis to predict the independent factors of unsuccessful treatment outcomes.Results : Of 1652 registered cases, 27% were prisoners (all males) and 72% were non-prisoners (58 % males). The median age was 35 years (IQR: 29 - 42); 76 % were Pulmonary TB cases (78 % among prisoners vs 75% among general population); 83 % were new TB cases (77% among prisoners vs 86% among general population); and 65 % were HIV positive (50 % among prisoners vs 71% among general population). Regarding treatment outcome, 1472 (89%) were cured and/or completed treatment (93% among prisoners vs 88 % among general population), 2 (0.2%) were treatment failures, 122 (8%) died (5 % among prisoners vs 8 % among general population) and 55 (3%) were not evaluated (1% among prisoners vs 4% among general population). Unsuccessful TB treatment outcomes were associated with age greater than 35 years (aOR = 0.68: 95% C.I: 0.58 – 0.80), Extra-Pulmonary TB (aOR=1.69: 95% C.I: 1.08 – 2.63) andHIV positive status (aOR = 0.63: 95 % C.I: 0.42 – 0.94).Conclusion: Maximum prisons provide a stable population that can be easily monitored throughout the course of TB treatment. Good TB treatment outcomes which are comparable to the general population can be achieved among Malawian prisoners despite the challenging prison conditions.
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium sseK3 induces apoptosis and enhances glycolysis in macrophages
Authors: Yu Chuan , Du Fuyu , Zhang Chunjie , Li Yinju , Liao Chengshui , He Lei , Cheng Xiangchao , Zhang Xiaojie
Published: May 2020

Background:Salmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium (S.Typhimurium) is an important infectious disease pathogen that can survive and replicate in macrophages. Glycolysis is essential for immune responses againstS.Typhimurium infection in macrophages, and is also associated with apoptosis.S.Typhimurium secreted effector K3 (SseK3) was recently identified as a novel translated and secreted protein. However, there is no study about the role ofsseK3in the relationship between apoptosis and glycolysis in cells infected withS.Typhimurium. It is unclear whether this protein exerts a significant role in the progress of apoptosis and glycolysis inS.Typhimurium-infected macrophages.Results:Macrophages were infected withS.Typhimurium SL1344 wild-type (WT), ΔsseK3mutant orsseK3-complemented strain, and the effects ofsseK3on apoptosis and glycolysis were determined. The adherence and invasion in the ΔsseK3mutant group were similar to that in the WT andsseK3-complemented groups, indicating that SseK3 was not essential for the adherence and invasion ofS.Typhimurium in macrophages. However, the percentage of apoptosis in the ΔsseK3mutant group was much lower than that in the WT andsseK3-complemented groups. Caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 enzyme activity in the ΔsseK3mutant group were significantly lower than in the WT group andsseK3-complemented groups, indicating thatsseK3could improve the caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 enzyme activity. We also found that there were no significant differences in pyruvic acid levels between the three groups, but the lactic acid level in the ΔsseK3mutant group was much lower than that in the WT andsseK3-complemented groups. The ATP levels in the ΔsseK3mutant group were remarkably higher than those in the WT andsseK3-complemented groups. These indicated that thesseK3enhanced the level of glycolysis in macrophages infected byS.Typhimurium.Conclusions:S.TyphimuriumsseK3is likely involved in promoting macrophage apoptosis and modulating glycolysis in macrophages. Our results could improve our understanding of the relationship between apoptosis and glycolysis in macrophages induced byS.TyphimuriumsseK3.
The incidence of stroke among selected patients undergoing elective posterior lumbar fusion: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Arena Patrick J , Mo Jingping , Sabharwal Charu , Begier Elizabeth , Zhou Xiaofeng , Gurtman Alejandra , Liu Qing , Shen Rongjun , Wentworth Charles , Huang Kui
Published: May 2020

Background: Although stroke is a rare complication among spinal surgery patients, the recognition of this adverse event is critical given the aging population undergoing surgical procedures. The objective of this study was to estimate the incidence of stroke among selected adults undergoing elective posterior lumbar fusion (PLF) during post-operative risk windows and among different subgroups.Methods: A retrospective cohort study using a longitudinal electronic healthcare record (EHR) database was conducted from January 1, 2007 to June 30, 2018. Elective PLF, stroke, and select clinical characteristics were defined based on International Classification of Disease codes. Patients aged 18 to 85 years with ≥ 183 days of enrollment in the database prior to undergoing elective PLF were followed from the index date until the occurrence of stroke, death, loss to follow-up, or end of study period, whichever occurred first. Incidence proportions (IPs) and rates (IRs) of stroke were estimated in the following risk windows: index hospitalization, ≤ 30 days, ≤ 90 days, ≤ 180 days, and ≤ 365 days post-operationResults: A total of 43,063 patients were eligible for the study. The IP of stroke following elective PLF ranged from 0.29% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.25%, 0.35%) during index hospitalization to 1.12% (95% CI: 1.03%, 1.23%) ≤ 365 days post-operation; the IR of stroke following elective PLF per 1000 person-years decreased consistently from 229.08 (95% CI: 192.38, 272.78) during index hospitalization to 13.68 (95% CI: 12.51, 14.96) ≤ 365 days post-operation. Stratified analyses revealed that older patients had a higher incidence of stroke. Additionally, black patients had higher stroke incidences. Post-operative stroke incidence was higher among patients with a history of type 2 diabetes than among patients without such history.Conclusions: The incidence of stroke following elective PLF using an EHR database in this study is slightly higher than that reported in the literature. Our results suggest that stroke risk modification prior to PLF may be important for patients who are older, black, type 2 diabetic, and/or have a history of stroke.
Multivariate joint modeling to identify markers of growth and lung function decline that predict cystic fibrosis pulmonary exacerbation onset
Authors: Andrinopoulou Eleni-Rosalina , Clancy John Paul , Szczesniak Rhonda
Published: May 2020

Background: Attenuated decreases in lung function can signal the onset of acute respiratory events known as pulmonary exacerbations (PEs) in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis (CF). Univariate joint modeling facilitates dynamic risk prediction of PE onset and accounts for measurement error of the lung function marker. However, CF is a multi-system disease and the extent to which simultaneously modeling growth and nutrition markers improves PE predictive accuracy is unknown. Furthermore, it is unclear which routinely collected clinical indicators of growth and nutrition in early life predict PE onset in CF. Methods: Using a longitudinal cohort of 17,100 patients aged 6-20 years (US Cystic Fibrosis Foundation Patient Registry; 2003-2015), we fit a univariate joint model of lung-function decline and PE onset and contrasted its predictive performance with a class of multivariate joint models that included combinations of growth markers as additional submodels. Outcomes were longitudinal lung function (forced expiratory volume in 1 s of % predicted), percentiles of body mass index, weight-for-age and height-for-age and PE onset. Relevant demographic/clinical covariates were included in submodels. We implemented a univariate joint model of lung function and time-to-PE and four multivariate joint models including growth outcomes. Results: All five joint models showed that declining lung function corresponded to slightly increased risk of PE onset (hazard ratio from univariate joint model: 0.97, P < 0.0001), and all had reasonable predictive accuracy (cross-validated area under the receiver-operator characteristic curve > 0.70). None of the growth markers alongside lung function as outcomes in multivariate joint modeling appeared to have an association with hazard of PE. Jointly modeling only lung function and PE onset yielded the most accurate (area under the receiver-operator characteristic curve = 0.75) and precise (narrowest interquartile range) predictions. Dynamic predictions were accurate across forecast horizons (0.5, 1 and 2 years) and precision improved with age. Conclusions: Including growth markers via multivariate joint models did not yield gains in prediction performance, compared to a univariate joint model with lung function. Individualized dynamic predictions from joint modeling could enhance physician monitoring of CF disease progression by providing PE risk assessment over a patient’s clinical course.
Swedish Translation and Validation of the Pediatric Insomnia Severity Index
Authors: Angelhoff Charlotte , Johansson Peter , Svensson Erland , Sundell Anna Lena
Published: May 2020

Background: To increase health and well-being in young children, it is important to acknowledge and promote the child’s sleep behaviour. However, there is a lack of brief, validated sleep screening instruments for children. The aims of the study were to (1) present a Swedish translation of the PISI, (2) examine the factor structure of the Swedish version of PISI, and test the reliability and validity of the PISI factor structure in a sample of healthy children in Sweden. Methods: The English version of the PISI was translated into Swedish, translated back into English, and agreed upon before use. Parents of healthy 3- to 10-year-old children filled out the Swedish version of the PISI and the generic health-related quality of life instrument KIDSCREEN-27 two times. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses for baseline and test-retest, structural equation modelling, and correlations between the PISI and KIDSCREEN-27 were performed Results: In total, 160 parents filled out baseline questionnaires (test), whereof 100 parents (63%) filled out the follow-up questionnaires (retest). Confirmative factor analysis of the PISI found two correlated factors: sleep onset problems (SOP) and sleep maintenance problems (SMP). The PISI had substantial construct and test-retest reliability. The PISI factors were related to all KIDSCREEN-27 dimensions.Conclusions: The Swedish version of the PISI is applicable for screening sleep problems and is a useful aid in dialogues with families about sleep.