bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Henna Fillers on the Properties of Polyurethane Foam Composites
Authors: Adnan Sinar Arzuria , Zainuddin Firuz , Ahmad Zaidi Nur Hidayah , Zulkeply Nur Afikah , Adzali Nur Maizatul Shima , Che Daud Zuraidawani
Published: September 2020

Polyurethane (PU) foam were produced from polyol (PolyGreen R3110) and 4,4- diphenylmethane diisocyanate (Maskiminate 80) with distilled water as a blowing agent. Natural fibers have received more attention from researchers due to their ability to increase the properties of the polymer composites. In this work, PU/Henna foam composites were prepared by used Henna fibers at different loading of 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt. %. The effect of different Henna loading on PU foam were investigated by density, compression test, morphology and water absorption. Core density of PU/Henna foam composites increased with addition Henna compared to control PU and showed highest core density of 85.10 kgm-3. Compressive strength decreased to 0.53 MPa after Henna addition at 5 % PU/Henna foam composites. Henna addition to 20 % PU/Henna foam composites were reduced the compressive strength to 0.97 MPa due to stiffness effect of Henna that contributed to embrittlement of the cell wall. The distorted cell wall and less uniform of cell structure were proved by SEM due to Henna addition as compared to control PU. Water absorption percentage of PU/Henna foam composites were increased with Henna addition as compared to control PU. It is because hydrophilic properties of Henna tendency to absorb moisture.
Surface Modification of 1-Butyl-3-Methylimidazolium Chloride -Treated Lignocellulosic Materials
Authors: Radhi Asanah , Othman Abdullah , Aziz Muhammad Afif , Nik Yusoff Nik Raihan
Published: September 2020

Lignocellulosic materials are generally considered hydrophilic due to the high density of hydroxyl groups. The use of lignocellulosic materials in hydrophobic systems thus require surface modification. Therefore, in this study, cellulose (MCC) and sawdust (SD) have been pretreated with ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIMCl) prior to surface modification with cationic surfactant, hexadecyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The effect of BMIMCl pretreatment prior to surface modification has been investigated. Crystallinity, functional group changes, morphology and thermal stability of the sawdust and cellulose upon BMIMCl pretreatment and surface modification have been studied using x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA). XRD results showed that the structure of lignocellulosic materials became more amorphous upon pretreatment with BMIMCl. FTIR results indicated that the modification of lignocellulosic is more efficient in BMIMCl-pretreated samples. Percentage of decomposition is higher for the BMIMCl-pretreated and CTAB modified samples.
Effect of Sintered Magnesium Substituted Biphasic Calcium Phosphate (Mg-BCP)
Authors: Marahat M.H.M. , Mohamad Hasmaliza , Kasim Shah Rizal
Published: September 2020

Biphasic Calcium Phosphate (BCP) is a ceramic material that consisting of two phases which is Hydroxyapatite (HA) and β-Tricalcium Phosphate (β-TCP). In this work, BCP and Mg-BCP (Mg Doped) was synthesized using aqueous precipitation method at standard room temperature and pressure. The synthesized powder was pressed into pellet and sintered at three consecutive temperatures of 800 °C, 900 °C, and 1000 °C. The sintered pellet was characterized using XRD to obtained the quantification analysis on phases presence and to study the crystal orientation of HA and β-TCP before and after Mg doping was introduced. FTIR was used to determine chemical constituents of synthesized powders. Diameter shrinkage analysis was performed to study the effect of temperatures on the densification of the pellet body and SEM was used to observed the morphology of each pellet. Based on the XRD result, the Mg doping is affecting the stability of the phases presence and the crystal lattice creating a distortion due to the substitution of smaller Mg ion. Analysis on the SEM morphology have shown that Mg doped BCP resulting a dense structure with less formation of porosity, necking was formed clearly at temperatures of 900 °C to 1000 °C.
Effect of Sr on the Bioactivity of Sol-Gel Derived New Silicate Bioglass S55P4
Authors: Thet Thet Swe , Mohamad Hasmaliza , Shariff Khairul Anuar
Published: September 2020

Strontium (Sr) stimulates osteoblast and inhibits osteoclast activities in-vitro and is used clinically as a treatment for osteoporosis. In this research, the effect of Sr substitution on the apatite formation of sol-gel derived bioactive glass (BG) (55.90SiO2-1.72P2O5 -21.67Na2O - (20.69-x) CaO -x SrO) (x=0, 5 and 8 mol. %) were investigated. The synthesized Sr doped BG samples were treated in Hank's Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS) for 14 days to study the bioactivity. The achieved samples were evaluated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM). In XRD, the hydroxyapatite (HA) crystalline peak for 8% Sr-BG is less compared with others. When Sr amount is increased to 8%, the low crystalline peaks of HA were detected although the same soaking duration. FTIR spectra supported the delay precipitation of calcium phosphate (CaP), especially for the specimen containing 8% Sr. After 14 days soaking, SEM images confirmed the bioactivity of the synthesized samples by the formation of apatite on the glass surface.
Effect of Adding Sago and Sintering to the Properties of Geopolymer Mortar
Authors: Aziz Mohamad Abdul Zahari , Faizal M.M.R. , Johari Izwan B. , Kasim Shah Rizal
Published: September 2020

Geopolymer is an alternative cementitious material produced by rich Alumino Silicate mineral materials (Si-Al) combine with alkaline activator. The objectives in this study are to introduce pores by using sago as pore former and to determine the effect of curing time and sintering process to geopolymer mortar properties. There are three compositions of mortar used in this study with different sago content (10%, 20%, and 30%) and each composition of mortar have different curing time (1, 3 and 7 days). Fly ash, silica powder, alkaline activator (sodium silicate solution (Na2SiO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sago were mixed together based on their composition and the mixture were put into steel cubic mould (50 mm x 50 mm x 50 mm) and left at room temperature for curing process. After the mortar reaches their curing time, it will be sintered at 1000 °C. The physical changes of the mortar were analysed before and after the sintering process. The microstructure of mortar was observed using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Compression test was done to geopolymer mortars by using ADR-Auto 3000 from ELE instrument (ASTM C109 standard) to determine the mechanical properties. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) analysis used to determine the functional group exist in geopolymer mortar and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) was used to determine the phase. Besides that, Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) use to measure percentage elements exist in a mortar. Geopolymer mortar with 10% sago content, 7 days of curing and undergo sintering process have the highest compressive strength (13.46 N) compare to the other geopolymer mortar composition. The 30% sago mortar contain many pores after sintering contributes its brittleness and cannot be tested for compressive strength. Longer curing days give enough time for the geopolymerisation process to create strong Si-O-Al bond or Jadeite (N-A-S-H gels) while sintering process helps to speed up the geopolymerisation process take place in a mortar. Formation of jadeite (N-A-S-H gels) influenced the strength of the mortar. The increasing phase of jadeite increases the strength of the mortar. As sago content increase, the pores in geopolymer also increase but the ratio Al2O3:SiO2 decrease resulting low formation of Jadeite. Hence the compressive strength of geopolymer mortar decrease.
Strength and Microstructural Study of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete (LWAC) Using Lightweight Expended Clay Aggregates (LECA)
Authors: Ismail Khairul Nizar , Halim Fatihah
Published: September 2020

Concrete is a composite material that consists of a cement and aggregate particles. Microstructure is the small scale structure of a material, defined as the structure of a prepared surface of material as revealed by a microscope. There is strong evidence that aggregate type is a factor in the strength of concrete. The objective of this research is to investigate the properties of concrete that are containing the lightweight expanded clay aggregates (LECA). Digital microscope was used to analyses the formation mechanism of microstructure in concrete. LECA were used in production of lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC) with the size 50 mm x 50 mm x 50 mm. This paper deals with observation of the concrete microstructure to point out some differences that would be responsible for strength of concrete. The results show that, LECA has several improvements when compared with conventional crushed aggregate. The concrete specimens were used to validate the existence of an interfacial transition zone (ITZ) in concrete. The microstructure features are discussed with respect to their influence on the strength development of concrete.
Temperature Effect on Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Growth and Its Presence on Corrosion of Steel Wire Rope
Authors: Hasim Nurhaziqah , Azmi Nur Syuhada , Wan Ali Wan Fahmin Faiz , Hamzah Esah , Yahya Adibah , Mat Yajid Muhammad Azizi , Nosbi Norlin
Published: September 2020

Bacterial can initiate, accelerate, and/or inhibit corrosion processes through a number of different ways, including modification of the localized environment at the metal/solution interface by causing pitting attack. In this work, the effect of temperature on bacteria (P.Aeruginosa sp) growth will be investigated the nature of bacteria before further investigated its corrosion effect on steel wire rope. It is found that the bacteria grew actively at 30°C. The pH value was also changed from 7 to 8. The corrosion rate with the presence of bacteria has been found increased from 9.95 x 10-7 mdy to 4.884 x 10-5 mdy. While corrosion pitting is found directly proportional to the bacterial activity.
Moment-by-moment interpersonal behaviors in poor vs. good psychodynamic psychotherapy outcomes: Does complementarity say it all?
Authors: Margola Davide , Accordini Monica , Fava Emilio
Published: September 2020

Can patient-therapist moment-by-moment transactions uncover contrary treatment outcomes? The current study answers this question by analyzing the transcripts from eight therapy sessions of 20 patients each, for a total of 160 sessions and nearly 30,000 units of analysis. Patients were matched into ten pairs, each having the same diagnosis and the same clinician but with opposite treatment results: Ten patients were classified as responders (i.e., good-outcome patients) and as many as nonresponders (i.e., poor-outcome patients). Patient and therapist behaviors were coded using the Structural Analysis of Social Behavior (SASB) model. Overall, patients and therapists engaged in complementary relational patterns: Good-outcome patients tended to adopt loving and protecting interaction styles, similarly, therapists treating good-outcome cases employed protection and self-disclosure behaviors. In contrast, poor-outcome patients tried to interpersonally separate from the therapist, and both—patients and therapists alike—exhibited attacking and recoiling behaviors. However, when taking a closer look, i) separation appeared to be disruptive per se, that is, beyond any evidenced interpersonal asymmetry; ii) self-disclosure on the therapist side turned out to be supportive of therapeutic complementarity; iii) when facing failure, highly experienced therapists seemed to indulge into noncomplementary or even hostile behaviors. Findings confirm that the target of the patient- therapist transferential transactions should be distinguished from transactions regarding other people or other life circumstances in order to avoid misleading interpretation of data and, consequently, conducting therapy based on misleading grounds.
Editorial: Evidence-Based Surgery in Africa
Authors: Hill Andrew
Published: September 2020

No Abstract.
Comparison of the accuracy of classification algorithms on three data-sets in data mining: Example of 20 classes
Authors: Sanlı T. , Sıcakyüz Ç. , Yüregir O.H.
Published: September 2020

Data mining, which has different uses such as text mining and web mining, is especially used for clustering and classification purposes. In this study, this method was used for both classification and text mining. The aim of the study was the assessment of the performances of the data mining algorithms on the three datasets. A total of 6631 master's and doctoral dissertations written in the field of industrial engineering were downloaded from the Higher Education Council database. With the help of summary, subject titles and keywords of these dissertations, it was tried to be guessed which sub-field of industrial engineering it belongs to using WEKA program. As a result, it was observed that the data set containing the keywords obtained by weighting the expert opinion was more successful than the other two data sets. And the three most successful classification algorithms were found to be kNN, SMO, and J48, respectively.

Keywords: Classification Algorithms, Data Mining, Multiple Classes, Dataset.
Service quality and preference for Mobile Telecommunic- ations Service providers among students of Tertiary Institutions in Lagos State
Authors: Opele A.M. , Afolabi O.J. , Adetayo H.O.
Published: September 2020

The study examined the influence of service quality on preference for mobile telecommunication (GSM) service providers among students of tertiary institutions in Lagos State. Specifically, the study determined the influence of service assurance on preference for GSM service provider and assessed the influence of service empathy on preference for GSM service providers among students of tertiary institutions in Lagos State. Findings from the study revealed that service assurance positively and significantly influenced preference for mobile telecommunication (GSM) service providers among students of tertiary institutions (Adj. R2 = .008, F (8,1051) = 2.110, p <.05). Also, findings from the study indicated that empathy positively and significantly influenced preference for mobile telecommunication (GSM) service providers among students of tertiary institutions (Adj. R2 = .008, F (8, 1051) = 2.110, p <.05). The study concluded that increased service quality led to increased preference for GSM service providers among students of tertiary institutions in Lagos State. Thus, an increase in service quality led to an increase in preference for GSM service providers among students of tertiary institutions in Lagos State. Therefore GSM service providers should improve on service assurance and service empathy to enhance consumers’ preference.

Keywords: Service quality, customer preference, assurance, empathy, telecommunication
Assessment of Internet Service Provided using UMTS operators at the University of Ilorin main campus
Authors: Akanni J. , Isa A.A. , Alao R.A. , Thomas C.T.
Published: September 2020

Over the years the need for mobile broadband had seen a great increment due to the demand of internet mobile users. In this research work, data size for Internet operation on UMTS mobile network operators on the University of Ilorin Campus was assessed. The study assessed three UMTS network operators using an Infinix T627 android smart phone and RantCell App. to measure the download and upload at the selected points on the University of Ilorin Campus. It was observed that the number of active subscribers with their relative position in a cell have a great effect on the performance of the networks and therefore, the authors recommend the need for the operators to improve their data sizes so as to enhance users’ satisfaction.

Keywords: GSM, CDMA, ISP, PS, UMTS.
Assessment of availability of street light system: A study of Warri, Delta State, Nigeria
Authors: Asalor J.O. , Ujevwerume I.W.
Published: September 2020

The study computes the availability of street lighting system in Warri. This system under study consists of subsystems that are known as workstations. A generator and sets of street light make up a workstation. The power source and the street lighting were modeled into series and parallel  combinations. Reliability Block Diagrams and Path Tracing Method were employed assuming independent failure of the components. The availability of the set of street lightings, workstations and hence the availability of the system were determined. Results of the study show that users in Cemetery road had the least availability of 62.19% for the period. The implication is that users travelling along this road experienced wide variation of light that could lead to accidents.

Keywords: Availability, Street Lighting and Reliability block diagram
Oil spill identification in visible sensor imaging using automated cross correlation with crude oil image filters
Authors: Ofualagba G. , Onyishi D.U.
Published: September 2020

An algorithm for detection of crude oil spills in visible light images has been developed and tested on 50 documented crude oil spill images from Shell Petroleum Development Company (SPDC) Nigeria. A set of three 25 x 25 pixels crude oil filters, with unique red, green, and blue (RGB) colour values, homogeneity, and power spectrum density (PSD) features were cross-correlated with the documented spill images. The final crude oil spill Region of Interest (ROI) was determined by grouping interconnected pixels based on their proximity, and only selecting ROIs with an area greater than 5,000 pixels. The crude oil filter cross correlation algorithm demonstrated a sensitivity of 84% with a False Positive per Image (FPI) of 0.82. Future work includes volume estimation of detected spills using crude oil filters, and utilizing this information in the recommendation of appropriate spill clean-up and remediation procedures for the detected spills.

Keywords: Crude Oil Spill Detection, Crude oil image filters, Cross correlation, Visible sensor imaging, Oil Spill Segmentation.
Operational evaluation of Obafemi Awolowo University main gate – Ede Road intersection
Authors: Mohammed H. , Oyebode I.A. , Oyefeso B. D.
Published: September 2020

Vehicular traffic at Obafemi Awolowo University has increased over the years, resulting in delay at The Main Gate – Ede Road Intersection. This paper evaluated its present level of service with a view to addressing this situation. Geometric survey of the intersection was carried out. Peak hour traffic studies were conducted for a week and the traffic characteristics and volume were determined using standard procedure. The level of service (LOS) of the intersection was thereafter obtained. The geometrics of the intersection showed that, two lanes exist on the East Bound (EB) and West Bound (WB) approaches, as well as a dual lane on the North Bound (NB) and South Bound (SB) approaches. The traffic volume count was 1378, 931, 1168 and 1123 veh/h for the NB, SB, EB and WB respectively. The level of service at the intersection is B, thus implying that it exhibits a slight delay.

Keywords: Level of Service, Road intersection, Road geometry, Traffic delay
Derivation and optimization of deflection equations for tapered cantilever beams using the finite element method
Authors: Ufe M.M. , Apebo S.N. , Iorliam A.Y.
Published: September 2020

This study derived analytical solutions for the deflection of a rectangular cross sectional uniformly tapered cantilever beam with varying configurations of width and breadth acting under an end point load. The deflection equations were derived using a numerical analysis method known as the finite element method. The verification of these analytical solutions was done by deterministic optimisation of the equations using the ModelCenter reliability analysis software and the Abaqus finite element modelling and optimisation software. The results obtained show that the best element type for the finite element analysis of a tapered cantilever beam acting under an end point load is the C3D20RH (A 20-node quadratic brick, hybrid element with linear pressure and reduced integration) beam element; it predicted an end displacement of 0.05035 m for the tapered width, constant height cantilever beam which was the closest value to the analytical optimum of 0.05352 m. The little difference in the deflection value accounted for the numerical error which is inevitably present in the analyses of structural systems. It is recommended that detailed and accurate numerical analysis be adopted in the design of complex structural systems in order to ascertain the degree of uncertainty in design.

Keywords: Deflection, Finite element method, deterministic optimisation, numerical error, cantilever beam.
Properties of cellulose reinforced composites: A review
Authors: Ofem M.I. , Ene E.B. , Ubi P.A. , Odey S.O. , Fakorede D.O.
Published: September 2020

This paper provides a review of cellulose, sources, extraction, molecular structure, cellulose whiskers, preparations, and morphology. The mechanical and thermal properties of cellulose reinforced composites are also discussed. Detail structure of Nano whiskers is also reported. As a renewable biomaterial, the most common source of cellulose is the plant. These plants include fruit fibers (coir), seed fibers (cotton), wood, leaf fibers (sisal), bast fibers (jute, kenaf, and hemp). Other sources of cellulose are from micro-organisms such as fungi, tunicates, bacteria, and algae. Cellulose whiskers are isolated from cellulose fibers by acid hydrolysis. Cellulose micro fibril structures are made of both amorphous and crystalline regions. The amorphous regions are vulnerable to hydrolysis by acids compared to the crystalline domains. Several techniques among which are Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) have been used to study the morphology of cellulose whiskers. An interface between cellulose whisker and matrix is a transition zone between the matrix and the cellulose whiskers. It plays an important role in the overall mechanical properties of the composites. A soft interface domain will yield a greater resistance to fracture, while the composite will be low in stiffness and strength. On the other hand, a stiffer interface domain may cause the composite to be strong and stiff and less resistant to fracture. The addition of CW into polymers matrices has little or no effect on the glass transition temperature, (Tg) except on the modification of CW.

Keywords: Cellulose, whiskers, mechanical, thermal, properties, biomaterials
Oil palm empty fruit bunch ash stabilized laterite as a fill material for low-volume pavement
Authors: Oke J.A. , Obaji N.O. , Osinubi K.J.
Published: September 2020

A reddish-brown laterite was treated with up to 14 % oil palm empty fruit bunch ash (EFBA) by dry weight of soil and compacted with the British Standard light, BSL (or Standard Proctor) compactive effort. Index, compaction, strength and durability tests as well as microanalysis of the natural and stabilized specimens were carried out. The index, compaction characteristics (maximum dry density, MDD and optimum moisture content, OMC) and strength properties (California bearing ratio, CBR and unconfined compressive strength, UCS) were improved with higher EFBA treatment. Peak un-soaked and soaked CBR values of 70.0 and 45.0 %, as well as peak UCS strengths of 253.0, 462.0 and 577 kN/m2 at 7, 14 and 28 days curing were recorded at 8 % EFBA content. Based on the CBR specification specified in the Nigerian General Specifications, the laterite optimally treated with 8 % EFBA compacted with the BSL compactive effort can be used as a fill material in the construction of low-volume traffic pavement. The benefit of the EFBA application is primarily the reduction of the adverse environmental impact of the oil palm empty fruit bunch waste.

Keywords: California bearing ratio, durability, laterite, oil palm empty fruit bunch ash, microanalysis, stabilization
Physicochemical properties and in vitro stability studies of green synthesized gold nanoparticles using pelargonium sidoides
Authors: Badeggi U.M. , Lawal B.A. , Akinfenwa A.O. , Ayipo Y.O. , Azeh Y. , Dagaci M.Z.
Published: September 2020

In the present study, Pelargonium sidoides (PS) extract was used in the green synthesis of AuNPs that was characterized by UV-Vis, TEM, SAED, EDS, XRD, FTIR, and DLS. UV-Vis showed a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) at λmax of 532 nm while TEM shows that the particles are predominantly spherical and monodispersed. DLS measurement indicated the particle size and the zeta potential to be 27.20 nm and -24.0 mV respectively. The in vitro stability of the hybrid particles in different solutions and buffers (pH 7 and 9) confirmed that the particles are stable over a given period. The method employed is simple, environmentally friendly, and inexpensive. Our studies suggest that the Pelargonium sidoides-gold nanoparticles (PS-AuNPs) may be safely used in biomedical applications such as drug delivery.

Keywords: Pelargonium sidoides; biosynthesis; biomedicals; capping agent; zeta potential
Modelling and Forecasting Commodities Prices in Emerging Market: Lessons from the Preceding Super Cycle
Authors: K Jose Sharon , G P Girish
Published: September 2020

Futures trading is one of the oldest methods of trading and investing in commodities. History of commodities futures trading in India is interrupted, flabbergasted and disrupted unlike commodities future trading in Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME), Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT), or London Metal Exchange (LME) where futures trading has been taking place uninterrupted for over a century. Prohibiting of futures trading in India in a large part of the last few decades has ensured research on commodities trading in India is still at an embryonic stage. In this study, we model Commodity prices of select Agriculture (Barley, Jeera, Sugar, and Pepper), Metal (Aluminium, Copper, Lead, and Gold), and Energy commodities (Crude Oil) in Indian Commodity Markets. Data during the Super-cycle period of commodities in India from 2003 to 2013 is used for the study and modeled using the state-space specification. The results of the study suggest that state-space specification and Kalman filter provides preeminent estimates for modeling and forecasting Indian commodity prices during the Super-cycle period. The results of the study provide crucial insights for pension funds, alternate investment funds, hedge funds and sovereign wealth funds worldwide to strategize better in the next expected super-cycle period of commodities post Covid-19 with burgeoning demand from developing economies of Asia and Africa.
Siirt İli Ekolojik Koşullarında Yetiştirilen Bazı Bakla (Vicia faba L.) Çeşitlerinin Tane Verimi ve Verim Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi
Authors: Özge UÇAR  , Sipan SOYSAL  , Murat ERMAN
Published: September 2020

Bu çalışma 2017-2019 yıllarında Siirt ili koşullarında bazı bakla çeşitlerinin tane verimi ve verim özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada Ege Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsü Müdürlüğü tarafından tescil ettirilen Salkım, Kıtık-2003, Filiz-99 ve Eresen-87 çeşitleri kullanılmıştır. Denemeler tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre 3 tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Çalışmada bitki boyu, ilk bakla yüksekliği, bitkide bakla sayısı, baklada tane sayısı, 100-tane ağırlığı ve tane verimi özellikleri incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçlarına göre bitki boyu 47.4-57.0 cm, ilk bakla yüksekliği 13.8-14.9 cm, bitkide bakla sayısı 5.97-7.80 adet/bitki, baklada tane sayısı 2.93-3.93 adet/bakla, 100-tane ağırlığı 118.9-126.2 g ve tane verimi ise 170.2-183.1 kg/da arasında değişim göstermiştir. İncelenen tüm özellikler bakımından Salkım çeşidi en yüksek değerleri vermiştir. Sonuç olarak, Siirt ili ekolojik koşullarında bakla yetiştirilmek istenildiğinde Salkım çeşidi önerilmektedir.
Model planned abortion in Mexico City
Authors: Quintero Soto María Luisa , Morales Flores María de Lourdes
Published: September 2020

Reproductive health policies, centered on the decriminalization of abortion, involve effects on beliefs, attitudes, intentions and behaviors of abortion. As women get older, education and income, rationally choose an abortion, but are far from ideal for procreation is 22 years old. The aim of this study is to establish the factorial structure of scales measuring four factors and 28 indicators (seven per factor) relating to the termination of pregnancy. Consequently, it conducted a non experimental, transversal and exploratory study with a nonrandom selection of 145 students. From a structural model ?? 2 = 346.57 (57gl) p = 0.000; CFI = 0.990; GFI = 0.995; RMSEA = 0.005; R 2 = 0,35?las intentions determined behavior (? = 0.64), but the factor solution was explained by beliefs (alpha = 0.781; 35% of the total variance explained). However, the context, the selection of the sample and the type of analysis prevents data generalize to other areas. It is recommended to perform a confirmatory factor analysis with a probabilistic sample selection in the population of the town.
Governance of in a coffee industry
Authors: Sánchez Sánchez Arturo , Rivera Varela Bertha Leticia
Published: September 2020

Community health in contexts affected by floods, fires or frost, coffee marketing proves to be an example to follow to observe the local entrepreneurship. In this sense, the objective of this study was to perform a non - experimental, transversal and exploratory study with a nonrandom selection of 300 trader’s coffee. From a structural model ??2 = 1.335 (5GL) p = 0.935; GFI = 0.982; AGFI = 0.947; RMSEA = 0,000?se established reliability (perception scale enterprise with alpha 0.724) and valid for five allusive to perceptions of economic opportunity (32% of the total variance explained), financial (22% of the variance), sales dimensions (16% of the variance), social (10% of the variance) and environmental (3% of the variance). the fourth factor reflected the construct (? = 0.47), followed by the first (? = 0.30) and the fifth factor (? = 0.16). Based on theoretical and conceptual frameworks the study of entrepreneurial perception vulnerable groups dedicated to the sale of coffee as a way of subsistence is proposed. The findings allow to establish a link between the rational choice theory and human capital theory regarding the theory of the commons and the theory of social entrepreneurship as conceptual frameworks to highlight the intervention of Social Work.
Contribución de las Universidades al Desarrollo Económico Municipal
Authors: Castro Herrera Manuel , Salazar Félix Alma Elena
Published: September 2020

El Desarrollo Econo?mico Local (DEL), se entiende como el crecimiento econo?mico de un delimitado territorio enmarcado generalmente por municipios, estados, regiones y pai?ses, mismos que por ley sus gobernantes esta?n obligados al elaborar sus Planes de Desarrollo. Existen Organizaciones No Gubernamentales, (ONG), que emiten sus criterios para el logro del crecimiento econo?mico tal es el caso de la Fundacio?n para el Desarrollo Local y Fortalecimiento Municipal e Institucional de Centro Ame?rica y el Caribe (Fundacio?n DEMUCA), en el que involucra a diversos sectores de la poblacio?n a contribuir en el desarrollo econo?mico local, entre ellos se encuentran las Universidades y centros de formacio?n tecnolo?gica. A partir del ana?lisis de la informacio?n el presente documento presenta los resultados de comparar los ejes rectores del plan municipal de desarrollo del Municipio de Benito Jua?rez, las acciones que segu?n la Fundacio?n DEMUCA, las universidades deben aportar para el fortalecimiento, y los objetivos de la Universidad Estatal de Sonora (UES), para determinar la contribucio?n de la Universidad al Desarrollo Econo?mico Local.
Mejores prácticas y retos de planeación financiera en las pequeñas y medianas empresas
Authors: Barradas Martínez María del Rosario , Trujillo Soberanes Laura , Rodríguez Lázaro José
Published: September 2020

Las pequen?as y medianas empresas (Pymes), consideradas el motor de desarrollo econo?mico de un pai?s, enfrentan desafi?os que exigen a los empresarios emplear herramientas financieras que contribuyan en su crecimiento y rentabilidad. El objetivo de esta investigacio?n no experimental, descriptiva y trasversal se centra en identificar los principales retos y mejores pra?cticas financieras en las empresas de comercio al por menor y de servicios. La recopilacio?n de informacio?n se realizo? a trave?s de un cuestionario en 35 Pymes de la ciudad de Huajuapan de Leo?n, Oaxaca. Los resultados obtenidos permiten afirmar, primero, que existe una cultura de?bil sobre los aspectos relacionados con una adecuada planeacio?n financiera, lo que se traduce en la ausencia del ana?lisis de la informacio?n financiera, la generacio?n de presupuestos y del estado de flujo de efectivo. Segundo, las alternativas de inversio?n a largo plazo se evalu?an sin realizar un presupuesto de capital.
Reseña de la obra colectiva: Empresarios, empresas y actividad agrícola en el norte de México: siglo XX
Authors: Zallas Esquer Lidia Amalia
Published: September 2020

La obra colectiva titulada Empresarios, empresas y actividad agri?cola en el norte de Me?xico: siglo XX, bajo la coordinacio?n de Ana Isabel Grijalva Di?as y Juan Jose? Gracida Romo, publicada por el Colegio de Sonora en junio de 2017, es resultado de la conjuncio?n de esfuerzos de seis investigadores, en su mayori?a miembros de la Asociacio?n de Historia Econo?mica del Norte de Me?xico y de la Asociacio?n Mexicana de Historia Econo?mica, pertenecientes a distintas instituciones de educacio?n superior.

Entre los temas abordados se distinguio? la presencia de grupos empresariales que se instalaron en los espacios agri?colas del noreste y noroeste de Me?xico, vinculados con las actividades agri?cola , agroindustrial y los agronegocios.
Análisis de una empresa familiar de la industria panificadora bajo el enfoque del modelo de los tres círculos
Authors: Flores Pérez Kevin Gamaliel , Pereyra Chan Andrés , Viana Cano Julissa , Chan Canto Jeniffer
Published: September 2020

El presente artículo comenzó con la importancia de la empresa familiar en el cual se menciona que en México y a nivel mundial, al menos el 90% de las empresas que hay, son familiares, además que generan alrededor del 60% del empleo en el país y su aportación en la Producción Nacional Bruta es entre 40% - 60%; esta investigación tuvo por objetivo realizar un análisis de la empresa familiar basada en el modelo de los tres círculos y proponer las acciones de mejora.

Así mimo se presentaron los datos generales de la unidad de análisis, así como los antecedentes, misión, visión, valores, ubicación, estructura organizacional, descripción de puestos, historia y estructura familiar, genograma de la panadería “X”, los roles de la familia.

En cuanto a los materiales y métodos utilizados, la investigación fue mixta, es cualitativa de carácter descriptivo, se explicaron los principales rasgos de fenómeno social, el diseño es de caso único. La investigación del diagnóstico se evalúa mediante el tipo de investigación cuantitativa mediante la recolección de datos con base en la medición numérica y el análisis estadístico, con el fin establecer pautas de comportamiento. El instrumento que se aplica es un formato de diagnóstico adoptado por Muller et al. (2008).

Los resultados obtenidos del análisis en la empresa familiar, arrojo en el rubro de efectividad de la empresa un promedio de 6.88, en el rubro de afectividad familiar se obtuvo un promedio de 8.86 y en el apartado de la estructura de la propiedad se obtuvieron tres de los diez factores críticos positivos.

Al final se plantean las acciones a implementar, las cuales deben ser aplicadas particularmente en esta empresa; respecto a los factores críticos bajos y altos en los subsistemas empresa, familia y propiedad así poder hacer más efectiva la gestión de la empresa, se reduzcan los problemas familiares y de la propiedad buscando que la relación entre los tres subsistemas se lleve de la mejor manera posible, así como para prevenir los contratiempos en la empresa.
Objetivo de Desarrollo Sostenible: agua limpia y saneamiento
Authors: Ortiz Félix Lino , Silva Hernández Francisca , Martínez Prats Germán
Published: September 2020

Los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) representan acciones en pro de un estado de bienestar y prosperidad a nivel mundial, implican una interconexio?n de 17 objetivos integrales que delimitan estrategias a nivel internacional, nacional, estatal y local. Estos objetivos deben ir encaminados a garantizar una vida sana y promover el bienestar de todo ser humano. El objetivo de este arti?culo es otorgar un panorama de accio?n de las implicaciones para trabajar desde lo local el objetivo 6 de los ODS a partir de los Planes de Desarrollo, en los cuales como resultado de la revisio?n, estudio y ana?lisis de los mismos se sen?alan cuales son los alcances, li?mites y oportunidades que permiten el acceso y la garanti?a de este objetivo que deriva como derecho y lleva impli?cito otorgar el mi?nimo del derecho a la vida y dignidad humana.
Une inquiétante fracture discursive
Authors: Maingueneau Dominique
Published: September 2020

On voit se développer des phénomènes qu’on désigne diversement : « montée du populisme », « mouvements antisystèmes », etc. Ce n’est pas seulement une fracture sociale, mais aussi une fracture « discursive ». Les « populistes » pensent qu’on leur refuse l’accès aux lieux où s’énoncent les paroles qui ont le plus de poids en termes d’audience et d’autorité morale, qu’une élite de privilégiés et/ou de minorités coupée de la société « réelle » a le monopole de la parole légitime. Cette fracture discursive est rendue possible par les réseaux sociaux, où ceux qui se pensent exclus s’expriment abondamment. Mais il existe une asymétrie fondamentale entre leurs énoncés et ceux des « élites », qui justifient leur statut en respectant un certain nombre de normes cognitives et linguistiques. C’est une dangereuse situation d’« interincompréhension » où chacun des deux adversaires se légitime par l’autre. L’analyste du discours ne peut pas se contenter de montrer les déficiences des énoncés « populistes » ; il doit réfléchir sur la fracture discursive elle-même. Mais traiter le discours des élites comme du discours ne doit pas signifier valider le point de vue « populiste ».
Drug War Pathologies
Authors: Bartilow Horace A.
Published: September 2020

In this book, Horace Bartilow develops a theory of embedded corporatism to explain the U.S. government’s war on drugs. Stemming from President Richard Nixon’s 1971 call for an international approach to this “war,” U.S. drug enforcement policy has persisted with few changes to the present day, despite widespread criticism of its effectiveness and of its unequal effects on hundreds of millions of people across the Americas. While researchers consistently emphasize the role of race in U.S. drug enforcement, Bartilow’s empirical analysis highlights the class dimension of the drug war and the immense power that American corporations wield within the regime.
Drawing on qualitative case study methods, declassified U.S. government documents, and advanced econometric estimators that analyze cross-national data, Bartilow demonstrates how corporate power is projected and embedded—in lobbying, financing of federal elections, funding of policy think tanks, and interlocks with the federal government and the military. Embedded corporatism, he explains, creates the conditions by which the interests of state and nonstate members of the regime converge to promote capital accumulation. The subsequent human rights repression, illiberal democratic governments, antiworker practices, and widening income inequality throughout the Americas, Bartilow argues, are the pathological policy outcomes of embedded corporatism in drug enforcement.
Reproduction on the Reservation
Authors: Theobald Brianna
Published: September 2020

This pathbreaking book documents the transformation of reproductive practices and politics on Indian reservations from the late nineteenth century to the present, integrating a localized history of childbearing, motherhood, and activism on the Crow Reservation in Montana with an analysis of trends affecting Indigenous women more broadly. As Brianna Theobald illustrates, the federal government and local authorities have long sought to control Indigenous families and women's reproduction, using tactics such as coercive sterilization and removal of Indigenous children into the white foster care system. But Theobald examines women's resistance, showing how they have worked within families, tribal networks, and activist groups to confront these issues. Blending local and intimate family histories with the histories of broader movements such as WARN (Women of All Red Nations), Theobald links the federal government's intrusion into Indigenous women's reproductive and familial decisions to the wider history of eugenics and the reproductive rights movement. She argues convincingly that colonial politics have always been--and remain--reproductive politics.
By looking deeply at one tribal nation over more than a century, Theobald offers an especially rich analysis of how Indigenous women experienced pregnancy and motherhood under evolving federal Indian policy. At the heart of this history are the Crow women who displayed creativity and fortitude in struggling for reproductive self-determination.
American Lucifers
Authors: Zallen Jeremy
Published: September 2020

The myth of light and progress has blinded us. In our electric world, we are everywhere surrounded by effortlessly glowing lights that simply exist, as they should, seemingly clear and comforting proof that human genius means the present will always be better than the past, and the future better still. At best, this is half the story. At worst, it is a lie.
From whale oil to kerosene, from the colonial period to the end of the U.S. Civil War, modern, industrial lights brought wonderful improvements and incredible wealth to some. But for most workers, free and unfree, human and nonhuman, these lights were catastrophes. This book tells their stories. The surprisingly violent struggle to produce, control, and consume the changing means of illumination over the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries transformed slavery, industrial capitalism, and urban families in profound, often hidden ways. Only by taking the lives of whalers and enslaved turpentine makers, match-manufacturing children and coal miners, night-working seamstresses and the streetlamp-lit poor--those American lucifers--as seriously as those of inventors and businessmen can the full significance of the revolution of artificial light be understood.
Global methane budget and trend, 2010–2017: complementarity of inverse analyses using in situ (GLOBALVIEWplus CH4 ObsPack) and satellite (GOSAT) observations
Authors: Lu Xiao , Jacob Daniel J. , Zhang Yuzhong , Maasakkers Joannes D. , Sulprizio Melissa P. , Shen Lu , Qu Zhen , Scarpelli Tia R. , Nesser Hannah , Yantosca Robert M. , Sheng Jianxiong , Andrews Arlyn , Parker Robert J. , Boech Hartmut , Bloom A. Anthony , Ma Shuang
Published: September 2020

Abstract. We use satellite (GOSAT) and in situ (GLOBALVIEWplus CH4 ObsPack) observations of atmospheric methane in a joint global inversion of methane sources, sinks, and trends for the 2010–2017 period. The inversion is done by analytical solution to the Bayesian optimization problem, yielding closed-form estimates of information content to assess the consistency and complementarity (or redundancy) of the satellite and in situ datasets. We find that GOSAT and in situ observations are to a large extent complementary, with GOSAT providing a stronger overall constraint on the global methane distributions, but in situ observations being more important for northern mid-latitudes and for relaxing global error correlations between methane emissions and the main methane sink (oxidation by OH radicals). The GOSAT observations achieve 212 independent pieces of information (DOFS) for quantifying mean 2010–2017 anthropogenic emissions on 1009 global model grid elements, and a DOFS of 122 for 2010–2017 emission trends. Adding the in situ data increases the DOFS by about 20–30 %, to 262 and 161 respectively for mean emissions and trends. Our joint inversion finds that oil/gas emissions in the US and Canada are underestimated relative to the values reported by these countries to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and used here as prior estimates, while coal emissions in China are overestimated. Wetland emissions in North America are much lower than in the mean WetCHARTs inventory used as prior estimate. Oil/gas emissions in the US increase over the 2010–2017 period but decrease in Canada and Europe. Our joint GOSAT+in situ inversion yields a global methane emission of 551 Tg a−1 averaged over 2010–2017 and a methane lifetime of 11.2 years against oxidation by tropospheric OH (86 % of the methane sink).
Characterisation and surface radiative impact of Arctic low clouds from the IAOOS field experiment
Authors: Maillard Julia , Ravetta François , Raut Jean-Christophe , Mariage Vincent , Pelon Jacques
Published: September 2020

Abstract. The Ice, Atmosphere, Arctic Ocean Observing System (IAOOS) field experiment took place from 2014 to 2019. Over this period, more than 20 instrumented buoys were deployed at the North Pole. Once locked into the ice, the buoys drifted for periods of a month to more than a year. Some of these buoys were equipped with 808 nm wavelength lidars which acquired a total of 1805 profiles over the course of the campaign. This IAOOS lidar dataset is exploited to establish a novel statistic of cloud cover and of the geometrical and optical characteristics of the lowest cloud layer. Cloud frequency is globally at 75 %, and above 85 % from May to October. Single layers are thickest in October/November and thinnest in the summer. Meanwhile, their optical depth is maximum in October. On the whole, the cloud cover is very low, with the great majority of first layer bases beneath 120 m. In the shoulder seasons, surface temperatures are markedly warmer when the IAOOS profile contains at least one low cloud than when it does not. This temperature difference is statistically insignificant in the summer months. Indeed, summer clouds have a shortwave cooling effect which can reach −60 W m−2 and balance out their longwave warming effect.
Geophysically-based analysis of BTCs and ion exchange processes in soil
Authors: Ben Moshe Shany , Kessouri Pauline , Erlich Dana , Furman Alex
Published: September 2020

Abstract. Breakthrough curves (BTCs) are a valuable tool for qualitative and quantitative examination of transport patterns in porous media. Although breakthrough (BT) experiments are simple, they often require extensive sampling and multi-component chemical analysis. In this work, we examine spectral induced polarization (SIP) signals measured along a soil column during a BT experiment in a homogeneous and heterogeneous soil profiles. Soil profiles were equilibrated with an NaCl background solution and then a constant flow of CaCl2 solution was applied. SIP signature was recorded, and complementary ion analysis was performed on the collected outflow samples. Our results confirm that changes to the pore-water composition, ion exchange processes and profile heterogeneity are detectable by SIP: the real part of the conductivity-based BTCs clearly indicated the BT of the non-reactive ions as well as the retarded BT of Ca2+. The imaginary part of the conductivity-based curves reacted to the changes in ion mobility around the electrical double layer (EDL) and indicated the initiation and the termination of the Na+–Ca2+ exchange reaction. Finally, both the real and imaginary components of the complex conductivity reacted to the presence of a coarser textured layer in the heterogeneous profile.