bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Cancer prevention: past challenges and future directions
Authors: Seong HeeKyung , Izutsu Runa , Osaki Mitsuhiko , Okada Futoshi
Published: February 2025

Almost 70 years have passed since the molecular mechanism of carcinogenesis was hypothesized to involve multiple gene mutations. More than 1,000 cancer-related genes, including oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, accelerate carcinogenesis by altering molecular functions and gene expression through mutations and epigenetic changes and have been shown to cause multistep carcinogenesis in several organ cancers. The elucidation of cancer-related gene abnormalities has led to the development of molecular-targeted therapies that focus on driver molecules, known as precision medicine, in addition to conventional treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Now that the mechanism of cancer development has been largely elucidated, options for cancer treatment and its outcomes have improved, and cancer research is moving to the next stage: cancer prevention. Cancer prevention using chemicals was first proposed approximately 50 years ago. It is the concept of stabilizing, arresting, or reverting precancerous lesions to normal tissues using synthetic vitamin A analogs (retinoids). Cancer chemoprevention is now considered to consist of three elements: “primary prevention,” which prevents the development of tumors and prevents benign tumors converting into more malignant ones; “secondary prevention,” which aims for early detection through cancer screening and treatment; and “tertiary prevention,” which reduces the risk of recurrence and extends the time until death from cancer through treatment. Consequently, there is no clear boundary between the prevention and treatment strategies. Therefore, chemoprevention targets the entire process, from normal cells to precancerous lesions, malignant progression of tumors, and death by cancer. Basic and clinical research has revealed that cancer prevention is influenced by race, regional, and national differences, as well as individual differences such as genetic factors, environmental factors, and lifestyle habits. This review provides an overview of the progress made in cancer prevention and summarizes future directions.
Exploring the association between rheumatoid arthritis and non-small cell lung cancer risk: a transcriptomic and drug target-based analysis
Authors: Wang Lyubo , Dong Yuxian , Yang Qingcheng , Liu Siyun , Wu Bencheng , Zhang Dahang , Shen Shuai , Xin Chenjun , Liu Zurui , Wu Qiuyang , Huang Guojian , Duan Lincan
Published: February 2025

Background

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a common subtype of lung cancer that has received considerable attention for its potential association with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, current understanding of the relationship between RA and NSCLC risk remains limited and in-depth studies of molecular mechanisms are lacking.

Methods

We obtained transcriptomic data of NSCLC from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and performed Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses of differential genes. We then used Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis to explore the causal relationship between RA and NSCLC, but the results showed no direct causal relationship between RA and NSCLC. In light of this finding, we shifted our research focus to investigate the effect of RA therapeutics on NSCLC risk. A drug-targeted MR analysis of drugs available for the treatment of RA was performed by searching for drugs that target NSCLC differential genes associated with RA.

Results

We found that several of the drugs corresponding to NSCLC differential genes associated with RA are used to treat RA. By drug-targeted MR analysis of drugs, we found that some drugs do have an effect on the risk of developing NSCLC, increasing the risk of developing NSCLC.

Conclusion

This study employed transcriptomic analysis and MR of drug targets to elucidate the potential correlation between RA and the risk of developing NSCLC. The identification of NSCLC differentially expressed genes associated with RA and their drug targets has provided new perspectives for an in-depth understanding of the pathogenesis of NSCLC. Furthermore, an additional immune infiltration analysis demonstrated that, in NSCLC tissues, the infiltration levels of specific immune cell subpopulations, including regulatory T cells (Tregs), activated natural killer cells (NK cells) and unpolarised macrophages (M0), exhibited notable differences. These findings emphasise the significant role that immune cell interactions between RA and NSCLC may play in disease progression. Furthermore, through the analysis of validation histology, we have further confirmed the potential role of differential genes associated with RA in the development of NSCLC. The expression levels of these genes demonstrated significant differences in NSCLC samples, providing a basis for possible future therapeutic targets and biomarkers.
Heterogenesis and the Affective Economies of Catastrophes
Authors: Hai Peng
Published: February 2025

An emergent duo nan xing bang 多难兴邦 (catastrophes give rise to a stronger national community) discourse sets out appropriating major catastrophes befalling the disparate peoples in China into a totalizing signifying chain of national resilience and solidarity. Literary works and films assist this statist drive as they generate a common affective economy of suffering and national overcoming, not only to elicit the emotional labor of sympathy for those affected but also to nationalize the experiences of distraught individuals and specific localities. Closely reading two recently published literary treatments of the 1960 famines and the little-known 1920 Haiyuan earthquake, respectively, this article shows that literature could also participate in “rescuing history from the nation” by fully accentuating catastrophes’ role in fracturing landscapes, disrupting the myth of political cohesion, and, above all, dissenting from the narration of a unified, ascendant national community. The article uses a methodology of the Deleuzian heterogenesis in constituting the radical particularism in the two texts. It argues that the method of heterogenesis is most effective in questioning nationalism's reliance on homogeneity as its imaginative end.
Archive of the Missing: Speculative Visions and the Terms of Social Repair in Transnational Adoption
Authors: Kim Hosu , Kim Yeong Ran
Published: February 2025

This article examines Kate-hers RHEE's Noh-Chim (Missing) and Deann Borshay Liem's In the Matter of Cha Jung Hee, two films that employ the missing as a key motif to understand their personal adoption misinformation. In our close observation of these works, the article sees the missing as both a method and framework with which to imagine a vision of repair amid the debris of violence in the transnational adoption practice and archives. Both RHEE and Liem's experimental engagement with the search—the search for the missing—uncovers intercalated dimensions of archival violence—biopolitical, administrative, and rhetorical. Via artistic expression, each work disrupts the nationalistic and naturalistic narrative of search and reunion and offers speculative analytics via which to imagine the connections and visions from the missing. Drawing upon their brilliant aesthetic analysis of the missing, this article extrapolates the unexpected, ephemeral, encounter, entanglement, and empathy as a new horizon for ethics and politics of repair in transnational adoption practice.
Profile: The Kenya Multi-Site Serosurveillance (KEMIS) collaboration
Authors: Kagucia E. Wangeci , Voller Shirine , Ziraba Abdhalah K. , Bigogo Godfrey , Munywoki Patrick K. , Makobu Kimani , Nokes D. James , Nyagwange James , Orlendo Cameline , Akech Donald , Sigilai Antipa , Onyango Clayton , Juma Bonventure , Herman-Roloff Amy , Munyua Peninah , Apondi Caroline , Lidechi Shirley , Audi Allan , Ouma Alice , Aol George , Misore Thomas , Nasimiyu Caroline , Onyango Dickens , Lo Terrence , Kasera Kadondi , Jalang'o Rose , Kingwara Leonard , Adetifa Ifedayo , Etyang Anthony O. , Warimwe George , Agweyu Ambrose , Scott J. Anthony G.
Published: February 2025

The Kenya Multi Site Serosurveillance (KEMIS) collaboration set out to implement an integrated, nationally representative, population-based program of serological surveillance for past infection for a number of important infectious diseases in Kenya. The project started in December 2021 and built on a portfolio of SARS-CoV-2 research conducted in 2020 and 2021. In this profile paper, we describe the background of the KEMIS collaboration, its aim and objectives, the Health and Demographic Surveillance System sites that were involved in data collection, and the key activities undertaken. We also explain how we established governance and management of the KEMIS collaboration, and reflect on opportunities, challenges, lessons learned, and future directions.
Media: The driving force behind the expansion of sporting events
Authors: Kiani Mohammad Saeid , Nazari Leila
Published: February 2025

This article analyzes and examines the unique role of the media in promoting and expanding sporting events. As an effective tool for informing and branding, the media is able to attract public attention to sporting events with comprehensive and continuous coverage and strengthen the international competitive atmosphere. In this study, the impact of the media in three stages has been examined: before the event, during the event, and after it. The results show that the media can contribute to the prosperity and dynamism of sporting events by creating awareness, audience participation, and targeted advertising. In addition, the media, by turning sporting events into a global and local issue, increases cultural and economic interactions between nations. Also, the media, by using their own strategies, can contribute to the sustainable development of sports and enhance the audience experience of these events. Finally, the article concludes that the media acts not only as a means of information dissemination, but also as a fundamental driver in the success and sustainability of sporting events at the global and national levels.
Manual testing of respiratory muscles in adults with asthma: a intra and interrater reliability and validity study
Authors: Rodríguez-Grande Eliana-Isabel , Serrano Villar Yannely , Patiño Segura María Solange
Published: February 2025

Background: Manual Muscle Testing (MMT) is a useful tool to evaluate ventilatory mechanics in adults with asthma. However, in the reviewed literature, there are few studies that report psychometric features of this test. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate MMT reliability and validity in respiratory muscles in adults with asthma.
Methods: Herein a cross-sectional study of diagnostic tests was developed. Measurements were carried out by two randomly assigned independent evaluators. Variables as muscle strength (MMT and static respiratory pressures), sociodemographic, anthropometric and disease-related were included. MMT reliability was evaluated using weighted kappa. Convergent validity was evaluated by comparing MTT and respiratory pressure measurements using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The significance level was p <0.05.
Results: Twenty-six adults with stable asthma participated in the study. The intrarater reliability found for MMT was between moderate and substantial (kappa=0.45-0.88) for all evaluated muscles. The determined interrater reliability was between slight and fair for intercostal muscles (kappa=0.07-0.24), and fair and substantial (kappa=0.36-0.75) for other muscles. The convergent validity of MMT and respiratory pressures was low (r=0.20-0.48).
Conclusions: MMT is a reliable measurement that can be used to evaluate respiratory muscle strength in adults with asthma. This study support MMT application for respiratory muscles at clinical settings when more objective measures such as MIP and MEP are not available. Taking into account that the MMT is a useful, practical, low cost tool commonly used by physiotherapists, future studies could evaluate the convergent validity compared with dynamometry or electromyography of the respiratory muscles.
Working with the “Enemy”: Supervised Space, Free Space, and Cross-Border Collaboration amid Geopolitical Rivalry
Authors: Fewer Thomas John , Ma Dali , Coraiola Diego M.
Published: February 2025

As the world grapples with intensifying geopolitical competition and ideological conflict, many organizations face the daunting task of navigating the complexities of geopolitics and fostering effective cross-border partnerships. For members of these organizations, such political dynamics might create new barriers to their ability to carry out collaborative activities. In a historical case study of the Apollo–Soyuz Test Project—an unprecedented partnership between the space programs of the United States and the Soviet Union at the height of the Cold War—we identify how organizational members navigated the turbulent geopolitical environment. We found that collaborative meetings between organizational members were limited to a supervised space that ensured government oversight but created interactional barriers. Organizational members realized that their ability to overcome these challenges would require them to develop practices outside of the organization, using boundary work to carve out free space outside the purview of political supervision. The free space served as a laboratory in which they reconciled informational, techno-cultural, and ideological differences and created solutions to the challenges they faced in the supervised space through translation work. Our study theorizes how geopolitics complicates the interactional processes of cross-border partnerships and underscores the importance of free space for fostering collaboration amid geopolitical rivalry.

Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2021.15574 .
Factores asociados a la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 de la población adulta peruana.
Authors: Guerrero Guevara Keylla Iris , Morales Martínez Gianella Aracelly , Gomez Rutti Yuliana Yessy , Rosas Choo Christopher Brain , Taboada García Marco Alexi
Published: February 2025

Introducción: Las personas diagnosticadas con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 tienen más riesgo de mortalidad, a comparación de las personas que no la padecen, el principal motivo son las enfermedades cardiovasculares entre otros factores.
Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados a la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 de los adultos peruanos de 18 a 59 años.
Material y métodos: La investigación fue transversal, descriptiva y relacional. La muestra fue de 1921 personas de 18 a 59 años. El estudio fue un análisis secundario de la base de datos de la Encuesta Nacional Demográfica y Salud Familiar del Perú del año 2022. Para el análisis estadístico se utilizó las pruebas de chi cuadrado y la prueba de fisher para determinar la asociación entre la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 con los factores de riesgo. Además, se realizó regresión logística binaria en el cual la variable dependiente diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (1=Si presenta,2=No presenta) y las variables independientes fueron edad, sexo, IMC, perímetro abdominal, consumo de frutas y verduras, hipertensión y estilos de vida. Se aplicó un nivel de significancia p<0,05.
Resultados: El 45,2% presentaron sobrepeso y el 29,4% obesidad, el 48% evidenciaron un perímetro abdominal con un riesgo muy alto de presentar alguna enfermedad cardiovascular. El 47,2% consume una vez a la semana ensalada de frutas y el 21,1% consumen 7 días a la semana ensalada de verduras. Las edades comprendidas de 18 a 29 años tienen menor riesgo de diabetes mellitus, que si se encuentran en edades de 30 a 59 años (p=0,002). Asimismo, a más hipertensión existe más probabilidad de padecer diabetes mellitus 2 (p=0,001).
Conclusiones: Los factores asociados a la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 fueron la edad y la hipertensión arterial.
Efecto del fruto de Euterpe oleracea (asaí) sobre el daño hepático inducido por fructosa y etanol en ratas.
Authors: PAREDES CONTRERAS Jossue Humberto , MOLLO DAVILA Geri , ROLDAN CUBA Ariana Vanessa , SAMANIEGO TIAHUALLPA Frank , CÓRDOBA YAMAUCHI Sharon , HUAMÁN GUTIERREZ Óscar Gustavo
Published: February 2025

Resumen 
Introducción: Las enfermedades hepáticas presentan una alta tasa de morbimortalidad a nivel mundial, siendo el consumo de fructosa y etanol los desencadenantes principales de alteración estructural y metabólica en la población adulta. Objetivos: Determinar el efecto de Euterpe oleracea (asaí) sobre el daño hepático inducido por fructosa y etanol en ratas. Materiales: Estudio de tipo experimental puro, con grupo control y postprueba. Se utilizó el pulverizado del fruto de Euterpe oleracea (asaí) y 30 ratas Holtzman machos distribuidos en 5 grupos aleatoriamente. Los grupos de investigación recibieron, durante 22 días el siguiente esquema de alimentación: grupo I: dieta balanceada pulverizada + agua ad libitum, grupo II: dieta balanceada + etanol al 5% con fructosa al 15%, grupo III, IV y V: dieta balanceada con asaí al 1%, 3% y 9%, respectivamente + etanol al 5% con fructosa al 15%. Finalizado el tratamiento los animales fueron anestesiados y sometidos a hepatectomía parcial, extirpando una porción del lóbulo lateral medial derecho (LLMD), para el procesamiento de los láminas histológicas y una porción del lóbulo lateral medial izquierdo (LLMI), para el procesamiento de los indicadores transcripcionales. Resultados: La ingesta del Euterpe oleracea (asaí) incrementó los niveles de expresión PPAR-α, PPAR-α /SREBP 1-c y PPAR-ɣ /SREBP 1-c y disminuyó, PPAR-ɣ y SREBP-1c. En el perfil histológico se encontró menor inflamación periportal, sinusoidal y congestión de venas centrolobulillares a comparación de los controles. Conclusiones: La ingesta del pulverizado del Euterpe oleracea (asaí) presentó efecto hepatoprotector frente al daño inducido por el consumo de etanol y fructosa en ratas.
Monitoreo de movimientos entre arbustos para una ganadería sostenible
Authors: Aviña Hernández Judith , Montes Sánchez Juan José
Published: February 2025

Pareciera que cabras y vacas deambulan sin dirección por matorrales del oasis de Los Comondú, pero el uso de herramientas de percepción remota ayuda a identificar los patrones de movimiento que el ganado realiza en condiciones de pastoreo extensivo tradicional.
¿Dónde está la diversidad de mamíferos en Oaxaca?
Authors: Martín-Regalado Natalia , Briones-Salas Miguel , Lavariega Mario C.
Published: February 2025

Los Los especialistas en mamíferos (mastozoólogos) frecuentemente señalan que Oaxaca es el estado con mayor diversidad de mamíferos en México, esto se debe, principalmente, a que Oaxaca está ubicado entre la región neotropical y neártica, y a la heterogeneidad ambiental, lo que promueve la presencia de diferentes tipos de vegetación y múltiples hábitats a las especies, pero ¿conocemos dónde está esa diversidad dentro del estado de Oaxaca? mastozoólogos frecuentemente señalan que Oaxaca es el estado con mayor diversidad de mamíferos en México, pero conócenos ¿Dónde está esa diversidad?
DIVERGÊNCIAS ENTRE OS FUNDAMENTOS DAS POLÍTICAS IDENTITÁRIAS E OS PRESSUPOSTOS DA PRÁTICA CIENTÍFICA
Authors: Rangel de Carvalho Jeferson , Vieiralves de Castro Ricardo
Published: February 2025

Resumo: A ciência é de suma importância para a sociedade, com o dever de estar engajada na emancipação humana e na erradicação da opressão e de todas as formas de discriminação. A prática científica, contudo, requer uma postura específica em relação ao mundo e aos fenômenos e atende a determinados pressupostos. O ativismo contemporâneo, influenciado pelas políticas identitárias popularizadas perto do fim do século passado, traz uma noção determinista de identidade com a qual visa reivindicar um lugar de saber para grupos segregados pelo poder hegemônico. O encontro das políticas identitárias com a prática científica não é algo simples de conceber e é importante que seja discutido. Este é um estudo de cunho teórico que tem como objetivo discorrer acerca da temática e gerar reflexões. Buscou-se discutir os fundamentos da prática científica e seu caráter crítico e destacar as características do ativismo associado às políticas identitárias, principalmente quando este quer se tornar conhecimento científico, para debater as inconsistências dessa concepção de identidade e sua incompatibilidade com o fazer ciência. Compreende-se que os fundamentos das políticas identitárias possuem uma tendência dogmática e normativa que é problemática para o contexto político e contraditória com a intenção de produzir saber crítico e científico acerca de uma causa. Ao evitar essa adesão, encontros potenciais podem surgir entre atividade científica e ativismo.
Palavras-chave: Prática científica. Políticas identitárias. Identidade. Ciência.
JOÃO FILOPONO DE ALEXANDRIA NO SÉCULO XVI
Authors: Monteiro Matheus Henrique Gomes
Published: February 2025

No artigo, aprofundo a discussão sobre a recepção da obra De aeternitate mundi contra Proclum, do filósofo João Filopono, no século XVI. Nessa obra, o filósofo alexandrino, do século VI, defende a geração do mundo a partir do nada e com início de duração, respondendo a dezoito argumentos de Proclo em favor da eternidade do mundo. No livro XI, enquanto responde a Proclo, também define a matéria primeira como o tridimensional. Comento o debate a respeito da possível influência filosófica desse argumento em filósofos modernos e, em seguida, proponho a análise do que o editor e os tradutores do contra Proclum escreveram sobre a obra e seu autor. Defendo que, nesses escritos, João Filopono é descrito como um filósofo alinhado a Aristóteles e aos peripatéticos, porém capaz de corrigir os erros dos filósofos e usar a filosofia na defesa da religião.
VIDA, MORTE E RENASCIMENTO DO SER HUMANO
Authors: Abib José Antonio Damasio , Lopes Carlos Eduardo , Laurenti Carolina
Published: February 2025

Este ensaio revisita o debate entre humanismo moderno e anti-humanismo com o objetivo de examinar a possibilidade de estabelecimento de um novo humanismo. Apresentamos a concepção de ser humano autônomo e desnaturalizado a partir do humanismo moderno. Indicamos que a crítica anti-humanista, catalisada pelas ciências humanas, atingiu parcialmente o cerne da concepção humanista. Mas, embora o anti-humanismo denunciasse o caráter ilusório da noção de autonomia humana, ele ainda preservou a ideia de um ser humano separado da natureza, reforçando a dicotomia entre as ciências naturais e as ciências humanas. Encontramos no relacionismo multidimensional de B. F. Skinner uma possibilidade do renascimento do ser humano. O que renasce, porém, não é o ser humano do humanismo moderno, pois nesse novo humanismo o ser humano não é desnaturalizado e suas atividades reflexivas e transformadoras se constituem intersubjetivamente e não isoladamente. Além disso, esse novo humanismo procura compreender o ser humano na relação transdisciplinar (e não dicotômica) entre diferentes ciências, ressuscitando as especificidades humanas na trindade antropológica espécie-indivíduo-sociedade, que constitui um mundo natural complexo governado por ordens vitais, individuais e socioculturais. Nesse novo humanismo, a condição humana define-se pela possibilidade de prospectar e gerar culturas e indivíduos sensíveis às diferentes vidas, humanas e não humanas, do presente e do futuro.
A EFICÁCIA DA VONTADE DIVINA EM LUÍS DE MOLINA
Authors: Rebalde João
Published: February 2025

Este artigo analisa a interpretação que o jesuíta Luís de Molina (1535-1600) faz da controversa passagem da primeira epistola de São Paulo a Timóteo: Deus quer que todos os homens se salvem e cheguem ao conhecimento da verdade (1 Timóteo 2:4). Na análise da interpretação, identificam-se as principais fontes com que Molina dialoga (Agostinho, João Damasceno e Tomás de Aquino) e estuda-se a doutrina de Molina sobre a eficácia da vontade e da ciência divinas (através da distinção de diferentes sentidos de vontade em Deus e da doutrina da ciência média).
ANÁLISE DE UM ARGUMENTO ANTI-MOLINISTA
Authors: Faria Domingos
Published: February 2025

Neste artigo pretendo analisar um argumento contra o molinismo desenvolvido por Perszyk (2003). De acordo com esse argumento, se partirmos da premissa de que não temos qualquer poder causal sobre os antecedentes dos verdadeiros contrafactuais de liberdade, pode-se concluir que não temos qualquer controlo causal sobre as ações livres especificadas nos consequentes dessas contrafactuais (e, dessa forma, não temos livre-arbítrio). Esse argumento anti-molinista é válido na medida em que o princípio de transferência (conhecido como “regra beta”) também for válido. Contudo, procuro mostrar que com uma devida reinterpretação dos operadores pode-se rejeitar esse argumento anti-molinista e, assim, não se pode criticar o molinismo nessa base.
PRESSUPOSTOS MEDIEVAIS E A ESCOLHA DE DESCARTES PELO TERMO IDEA NAS MEDITAÇÕES METAFÍSICAS
Authors: Janunzi Neto Antonio
Published: February 2025

Examina-se a adoção do termo idea por Descartes, mostrando o ponto de inflexão em relação ao considerado empirismo aristotélico-tomista, vigente na segunda metade do período escolástico medieval. O artigo delineia uma transição conceitual da idea, evidenciando como Descartes, apesar de criticar o fundamento empírico proposto pela tradição escolástica, não se distanciou por completo dos substratos metafísicos medievais. Comparando as interpretações agostinianas e tomistas sobre a idea e a perspectiva cartesiana, o texto expõe a complexa interação entre Descartes e o legado filosófico medieval, ilustrando sua tentativa de estabelecer uma nova base epistemológica assentada no cogito e na idea.
MATÉRIA E SUBSTÂNCIA EXTENSA EM DESCARTES
Authors: Kellen Rodrigues Jéssica
Published: February 2025

Um dos conceitos centrais para se pensar a filosofia da natureza é a noção de matéria e suas implicações para entender a natureza e os eventos físicos. Na filosofia da natureza de Descartes, a noção de matéria, inicialmente elaborada em uma de suas primeiras obras, Le Monde, sofre algumas modificações em obras posteriores, sobretudo em Meditações Metafísicas, Respostas às objeções e nos Princípios da Filosofia. Essas modificações estão relacionadas ao fato de que, nas obras posteriores, Descartes estabelece o conceito de substância, acrescentando características que não aparecem na primeira reflexão de Le Monde. Isto é, ao conceber a noção de substância extensa, Descartes propõe uma compreensão da matéria em termos que anteriormente não eram considerados, como a noção de "por si". Tendo isso em vista, pretendo analisar neste texto as modificações que o conceito de matéria sofreu com a concepção da noção de substância extensa.
NEOLIBERALISMO
Authors: Araujo Maeso Benito Eduardo , Ramos Siviero José Marcelo
Published: February 2025

O trabalho tem o objetivo de investigar as reflexões de Byung-Chul Han sobre o que se convencionou chamar de sociedade do desempenho e do cansaço, examinando a exploração dos indivíduos e a normalização de jornadas extenuantes de trabalho como criadores e mantenedores de um fluxo coletivo e incessante de paixões tristes. Sob o aporte de Espinosa, que entende as paixões tristes como diminuições ou coações ao conatus natural de todos os indivíduos, em primeiro lugar analisamos como o capital entristece os indivíduos para funcionar, e depois refletiremos sobre a necessidade de se elaborar vias de resistência e luta contra essa aniquilação passional dos afetos alegres. O que está em jogo é a absolutização da positividade como operador central do capitalismo neoliberal e, em contraposição, a concepção do próprio cansaço não como derrota ou resignação, mas instrumento de luta.
Slippers, Shoes, Clogs, Galoshes, and Boots: The History and Materiality of Footwear in European Fairy Tales
Authors: Campagnaro Marnie
Published: February 2025

Abstract: Using an object-oriented methodology, this article investigates the symbolic and cultural significance of footwear. Shoes are more than just accessories; they are symbols of desire, change, mobility, identity, and social status. This research examines how footwear links to social, cultural, and historical domains. Through an exploration of uses, formats, and materials, it reveals the intertextual relationships and latent meanings in fairy tales, shedding light on their lasting impact on human society.
Medication Abortion Remains Critical to State Abortion Provision as Attacks on Access Persist
Authors: Friedrich-Karnik Amy , DoCampo Isabel , Gibson Candace
Published: February 2025

New data from the Guttmacher Institute reaffirm that medication abortion is a fundamental component of abortion provision in states across the country, even as anti-abortion policymakers use all levers of government to target this safe and effective method of abortion care. For the first time, Guttmacher’s Monthly Abortion Provision Study includes state-level estimates of the proportion of abortions provided via medication in 2023 in states without total abortion bans. It also provides data on the proportion of abortions provided by online-only clinics in 2023 in states without total bans or bans on telemedicine provision.

As we learn more about how people access abortion care across the states in a post-Roe v. Wade environment, many policy attacks on medication abortion now target telemedicine provision or attempt to unnecessarily complicate the process of prescribing and dispensing medication abortion in person. And, despite clear medical evidence demonstrating the safety and efficacy of medication abortion obtained in-person or online, anti-abortion policymakers often ignore that evidence and promote false claims about risks.
From quantum interference to Newton’s second law
Authors: Duarte Francisco
Published: February 2025

An indeterministic version of Newton’s second law is derived from the formalism of N-slit quantum interference measurements. This result is an extension of the derivation of the approximate version of Planck’s quantum energy equation. Going from the quantum realm to the classical domain is achieved via the application of Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. The stochastic version of Newton’s second law is then extended to provide a derivation of an approximate version of Newton’s law of universal gravitational. Our results are applied to formulate an expression
for the derivative of the momentum operator.
Episodic disability framework in the context of Long COVID: Findings from a community-engaged international qualitative study
Authors: O’Brien Kelly K. , Brown Darren A. , McDuff Kiera , St. Clair-Sullivan Natalie , Chan Carusone Soo , Thomson Catherine , McCorkell Lisa , Wei Hannah , Goulding Susie , O’Hara Margaret , Roche Niamh , Stokes Ruth , Kelly Mary , Cheung Angela M. , Erlandson Kristine M. , Harding Richard , Vera Jaime H. , Bergin Colm , Robinson Larry , Avery Lisa , Bannan Ciaran , Torres Brittany , O’Donovan Imelda , Malli Nisa , Solomon Patricia
Published: February 2025

Background

Increasing numbers of adults are living with the health-related consequences of Long COVID. The Episodic Disability Framework (EDF), derived from perspectives of adults living with HIV, characterizes the multi-dimensional and episodic nature of health-related challenges (disability) experienced by an individual. Our aim was to determine the applicability of the Episodic Disability Framework to conceptualize the health-related challenges experienced among adults living with Long COVID.

Methods

We conducted a community-engaged qualitative descriptive study involving online semi-structured interviews. We recruited adults who self-identified as living with Long COVID via collaborator community organizations in Canada, Ireland, United Kingdom, and United States. We purposively recruited for diversity in age, gender identity, ethnicity, sexual orientation, and time since initial COVID-19 infection. We used a semi-structured interview guide informed by the EDF to explore experiences of disability living with Long COVID, specifically health-related challenges and how challenges were experienced over time. We conducted a group-based content analysis.

Results

Of the 40 participants, the median age was 39 years; and the majority were white (73%), women (63%), living with Long COVID for ≥ 1 year (83%). Consistent with the Episodic Disability Framework, disability was described as multi-dimensional and episodic, characterized by unpredictable periods of health and illness. Experiences of disability were consistent with the three main components of the Framework: A) dimensions of disability (physical, cognitive, mental-emotional health challenges, difficulties with day-to-day activities, challenges to social inclusion, uncertainty); B) contextual factors, extrinsic (social support; accessibility of environment and health services; stigma and epistemic injustice) and intrinsic (living strategies; personal attributes) that exacerbate or alleviate dimensions of disability; and C) triggers that initiate episodes of disability.

Conclusions

The Episodic Disability Framework provides a way to conceptualize the multi-dimensional and episodic nature of disability experienced by adults living with Long COVID. The Framework provides guidance for future measurement of disability, and health and rehabilitation approaches to enhance practice, research, and policy in Long COVID.
Stress-mediating inflammatory cytokine profiling reveals unique patterns in malaria and typhoid fever patients
Authors: Bin Eric MacDonald , Netongo Palmer Masumbe , Kamdem Severin Donald , Nzuno Christine , Tchoutang Ange Maxime , Berenger Tchoupe Kamoua Eric , Buri Bongkiyung Donald , Ngum Ngum Leslie , Chedjou Jean Paul , Nji Akindeh Mbu , Mbacham Wilfred Fon
Published: February 2025

Malaria and typhoid fever pose significant health risks, leading to severe morbidity and mortality when inadequately treated. Understanding the role of stress-related inflammatory cytokines is crucial, as they mediate immune responses that affect pathogen clearance and recovery. This study investigated the cytokine profiles in patients with malaria and/or typhoid fever attending the Obala District Hospital in Yaoundé, Cameroon. We conducted a cross-sectional observational study measuring cortisol and inflammatory cytokines in blood samples from 55 infected patients and a control group of 15 healthy individuals using ELISA kits. We also evaluated psychological stress over the past 30 days using a 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) questionnaire to explore the link between stress and immune response. Psychological stress levels were notably higher in the typhoid fever group (18.20 ± 5.5) compared to the other groups, although these differences were statistically insignificant. Cortisol levels were significantly elevated (p < 0.001) across all patient groups compared to controls, with the typho-malaria group demonstrating a 2.5-fold increase. Notably, cytokine levels were elevated in patients with malaria and typhoid comorbidity, particularly IL-1β, IL-2, TNF-α, and IFN-γ. While IL-6 concentrations were significantly higher in malaria and typho-malaria co-infected patients, IL-10 levels were reduced in the typho-malaria group but remained elevated compared to controls. The TNF-α/IL-10 ratio was significantly higher in the co-infected group, suggesting a heightened inflammatory response. Additionally, there was a positive correlation between perceived stress scores and IL-2 (r = 0.365, p = 0.002), IFN-γ (r = 0.248, p = 0.03), and IL-6 (r = 0.412, p = 0.0001) in the typho-malaria group. Beyond IL-6, no significant correlations were observed between stress indices and the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 (r = 0.204, p = 0.09) and IL-10 (r = 0.153, p = 0.20) among co-infected individuals. These results suggest that stress response may play a crucial role in shaping the inflammatory landscape during malaria and typhoid fever. Exposure to severe stressors may disrupt immune response and contribute to negative health outcomes. Understanding the immunopathogenesis of these diseases could potentially pave the way for the development of novel therapeutic strategies targeting the stress-cytokine axis.
Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty versus locked plate fixation for proximal humeral fractures in the elderly: a systematic review
Authors: Iking Janette , Fischhuber Karen , Katthagen J. Christoph , Oenning Sebastian , Raschke Michael J. , Stolberg-Stolberg Josef , Köppe Jeanette
Published: February 2025

Introduction

For surgical treatment of proximal humeral fractures (PHF) in older patients, there is no consensus if locked plate fixation (LPF) or reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) yields better clinical results. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the clinical and functional outcomes of LPF and RTSA. We hypothesized that RTSA would outperform LPF in patients with PHF aged 65 years or older.

Materials & Methods

A comprehensive literature search was performed on PubMed and Google Scholar from 1 July 2022 up to 12 January 2024 by two independent reviewers. Comparative studies reporting on the functional outcome using the Constant-Murley score (CMS) in patients aged 65 years or older, treated after 2012 for PHF with LPF or RTSA and with a mean follow-up time of at least 12 months were included. Ten studies with 244 LPF and 287 RTSA patients were included into the statistical analysis. We used a frequentist network meta-analysis to assess the comparative effectiveness of the treatments. Individual risk of bias of the studies was assessed using the ROB2 and ROBINS-I tools.

Results

Our network meta-analysis of the CMS resulted in the following order ranked from lowest to highest: LPF, LPF +  screw augmentation, hemiarthroplasty (HA), RTSA +  cemented stem, non-surgical treatment, LPF +  fibular allograft, RTSA with an inclination angle of 135° (RTSA IA 135°), RTSA. However, none of the direct or indirect comparisons resulted in statistically noticeable differences.

Conclusion

In conclusion, functional superiority of either treatment method is still unknown, with even high-powered RCT not being able to detect statistically noticeable differences in terms of function. Patient-individual factors, such as bone quality, sex and age have to be included when making treatment decisions.
Editorial
Authors: Gowar Mick
Published: February 2025

This editorial is a brief summary of the articles, interviews and reviews contained in the double issue of Volume 14 of Book 2.0 (BTWO), an interdisciplinary peer-reviewed journal primarily concerned with book creation and publication, including writing, illustration and design and the theoretical and practical study of books, literature, creative writing, storytelling, languages and cultures. Contents for this issue include articles, interviews and reviews mainly focusing on collaboration and cooperation between creative practitioners, scholars and in publishing.
Collaborations with composers
Authors: Crossley-Holland Kevin
Published: February 2025

The following article is reprinted from Kevin’s New Leaves on an Old Tree (Propolis Books, 2023) which is a collection of essays, articles, lectures and reviews. The collection focuses on the various facets of story and storytelling which have been at the heart of all Kevin’s literary achievements: his poetry; his many translations from Old English; his retellings of British folk tales, Anglo-Saxon riddles and Norse myths; and his fiction – in particular his Arthur novels, and his prize-winning novella Storm. This article, however, is Kevin’s recollections of his many collaborators with composers and musicians and his long and distinguished career as a lyricist and librettist, beginning with the setting of some of his translations of Anglo-Saxon riddles by Sir Arthur Bliss when Kevin had just graduated from university and concluding with his most recent collaboration with Cecilia McDowall.
Terry Gifford: A green voice
Authors: Gifford Terry
Published: February 2025

Poet and scholar Terry Gifford looks back on his life as a teacher – firstly in English secondary schools and then in higher education – and on his work as a critic, an ecocritic, a scholar of pastoral and post-pastoral literature, and as a poet who has written nine collections of poetry. He also reflects on his work as a leading authority on the poetry of Ted Hughes, and on his collaborations with fellow Hughes scholar Neil Roberts. This article ends with a selection of Gifford’s poetry from his eighth collection, A Feast of Fools (2018) and his ninth collection, unpublished at the time of writing. This article is based on a recorded conversation with Mick Gowar.
Creating and sharing Companion Poems for people living with dementia, a design journey
Authors: North Kate , Treadaway Cathy
Published: February 2025

This article describes ongoing research that is investigating ways in which poetic writing can be developed into a resource to support the well-being of people living with dementia and their carers. The Companion Poems audiobook project involves the co-creation of sensory poetry books for people living with dementia. The project brings together the team’s expertise in poetic writing, design for dementia and interactive digital technology to create tactile audio poetry books. The rationale for the work, the research methodology and the creative methods used are described through an account of one Companion Poem: ‘How the Garden Grows’ and its development into a bespoke sensory audiobook.
The vernacular of the diaspora_ேகாலம் (Kolam) re-imagined
Authors: Kanagasundaram Varuni
Published: February 2025

This project focuses poetry and the creative practice of making and performance to express a visual dialogue in which rhythm and repetition express an imagined, sensory experiential journey. ‘The vernacular of the diaspora’ is in the form of distinct creative cultural expressions which can shift how poetry is conveyed and experienced to an audience that is being increasingly exposed to new hybrid forms of different cultural traditions. It elaborates through an example. It reveals how members of a diaspora experience places they inhabit to return to the place of their ancestors through these different creative expressions. The visual images in this project show the artist as a member of the Tamil diaspora walking in slow rhythmical progression, traversing diverse terrains in different countries, the bare feet sensing the ground. The artist wears the flowing drape of the sari that holds traces of a community’s footprints that once gathered to give acknowledgement of loss in the many decades of war through making. The artist, in the role of a migrant, is thus taking the broader community with her on the journey. The lines of poetry in English and Tamil express the journey through senses, and the images are arranged to take on the visual form of the ritual drawing of Kolam – a geometrical line drawing composed of straight lines, curves and loops, drawn around a grid pattern of dots – which is practised by Tamil women.
One Soul We Divided: A Critical Edition of the Diary of Michael Field, Carolyn Dever (ed.) (2024)
Authors: Bernthal J. C.
Published: February 2025

Review of: One Soul We Divided: A Critical Edition of the Diary of Michael Field, Carolyn Dever (ed.) (2024)

Princeton, NJ and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 360 pp.,

ISBN 978-0-69120-811-4, h/bk, $99.95/£84.00

ISBN 978-0-69120-800-8, p/bk, $29.95/£25.00

ISBN 978-0-69125-590-3, e-book, $29.95/£25.00
Exploring Musical Crossroads: A Symposium Bridging Malaysia and Japan, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 26 March 2024
Authors: Beh Wen Fen , Wong Yiing Siing
Published: February 2025

Reported of: Exploring Musical Crossroads: A Symposium Bridging Malaysia and Japan, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 26 March 2024
Editorial
Authors: Prior Ross W.
Published: February 2025

This editorial discusses notions of the ‘anxious generation’ and highlights the rising mental health crisis among today’s youth, driven by social media, gaming, increased drug use and parental overprotection. Suggested reasons leading to mental health problems are the decline of free play and the rise of smartphone use. It is suggested that adolescent mental well-being has suffered as face-to-face interactions diminish and digital immersion increases. Further highlighted are the consequences of over-supervised upbringing, suggesting young people need room to grow, explore and learn from failure. Nevertheless, Generation Z has shown resilience, proving their capabilities during crises, illustrating that despite the challenges they face, they should not be pathologized. Asserted is that integrating more art into education could foster resilience, emphasizing the importance of balanced, supportive approaches to youth development in today’s complex environment. The editorial introduces the current journal issue’s content, which covers a range of research projects, interviews and reviews.
Sobre o cozinhado dos alimentos que se não comem crus
Authors: Morais Sandra
Published: February 2025

O Tratado Completo de Cozinha e de Copa, escrito por Carlos Bento da Maia, é uma obra de referência que marcou a difusão do saber culinário ao longo da primeira metade do século XX. Apesar da reconhecida importância deste livro e do autor no panorama da literatura culinária portuguesa são escassos os estudos que lhe foram inteiramente dedicados.

Neste trabalho refletimos sobre as práticas culinárias portuguesas na sua dimensão histórica, centrando-nos nos contributos da literatura culinária e estabelecendo relações com os aspetos materiais e culturais da confecção alimentar no espaço doméstico. Apresentamos os resultados de uma análise quantitativa e qualitativa com base em 490 receitas do livro em estudo, suportando-nos nas apreciações que Bento da Maia registou na secção Sobre o cozinhado dos alimentos que se não comem crus.

A caracterização do receituário, atendendo aos métodos e técnicas culinárias, e particularmente às técnicas de cocção e de conservação dos alimentos, proporcionou uma interpretação à luz da cronologia da transição energética e tecnológica das primeiras décadas de 1900 em Portugal, destacando o papel destes fatores na evolução das práticas culinárias.
El Diálogo en la Ocupación y en la Resistencia. Introducción
Authors: Bolívar Adriana , Vasilachis de Gialdino Irene
Published: February 2025

Introducción: El Diálogo en la Ocupación y en la Resistencia.
Argumentos criticables: Repensando a Habermas a la luz de la lingüística
Authors: Chilton Paul , Bolívar Adriana
Published: February 2025

Los términos “diálogo” y “ocupación” se examinan en este trabajo con respecto a la naturaleza fundamental del lenguaje humano en contextos de uso, en particular en contextos de poder asimétrico. Se re-analiza, a la luz de la lingüística y la pragmática moderna, el marco teórico de la ética discursiva en la conocida forma que le ha dado Jürgen Habermas. De manera especial, en el trabajo se revisan cuatro tipos de argumentos de validez. La primera definición de Habermas sobre Verständlichkeit es redefinida con el nombre de ‘comprehensibility’ (“comprensión”) y se asocia con ideas provenientes de la sociolingüística. También se analizan las diferentes nociones asociadas con ‘understanding’ (“entendimiento”) y sus equivalentes en la traducción al alemán. Los otros tres argumentos son reformulados con base en la Lingüística Cognitiva desarrollada en las últimas tres décadas. El objetivo del artículo es destacar el papel de los enfoques cognitivos en los estudios críticos del discurso. Pero la meta general es reforzar el planteamiento de que los argumentos de validez son inherentes en algún sentido al lenguaje humano y que los argumentos son de naturaleza ética, hasta el punto de que presuponen y requieren justificación mediante el diálogo. El trabajo reafirma la inferencia de que si esto es así el diálogo es, entonces, un derecho humano.