bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Predictive Modeling for Enhanced Plant Cultivation in Greenhouse Environment
Authors: Jeevan Nagendra Kuma Y. , Chandan Ragi , Harsh Somanini Sri , Vadtya Suresh , Ram Lohit Pranay Y. , Mohammed Kahtan A. , Chandrashekar Rakesh , Kansal Lavish , Kalra Ravi
Published: March 2024

Greenhouse cultivation plays a pivotal role in modern agriculture by providing a controlled environment for plant growth. The significance of greenhouse insulation lies in its ability to create optimal conditions for plant development, ensuring increased crop productivity and quality. This paper emphasizes the criticality of greenhouse insulation and the necessity for effective predictive models to anticipate plant growth and yield accurately. This research proposes the utilization of Machine Learning (ML)and Deep Learning (DL) techniques to forecast plant growth and yield within controlled greenhouse settings. To achieve this, a novel deep recurrent neural network (RNN) architecture employing the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neuron model is deployed in the prediction process.The study offers a comparative analysis involving various ML methodologies such as support vector regression and random forest regression. The performance evaluation of these diverse methods is conducted using the mean square error criterion to assess their effectivenessin predicting plant growth and yield. The model's sophisticated architecture enables it to produce accurate and timely predictions regarding specific growth parameters by leveraging an advanced neural network. This holistic approach introduces a novel perspective in greenhouse tomato cultivation, providing growers with valuable insights to facilitate informed decision-making, streamline resource distribution, and promote heightened agricultural sustainability.
Improving Hydraulic Performance of Drip Irrigation Emitters Through CFD Analysis
Authors: Aswini Kilaru , Manjunatha  , Zafar S. , Parmar Ashish , Sharma Niti , Al-Jawahry Hassan M.
Published: March 2024

A drip irrigation system delicately nourishes plant roots by gently delivering water drop by drop, ensuring minimal water loss due to runoff or evaporation. This method allows soil particles ample time to absorb and retain the water, promoting optimal plant hydration. To enhance the efficiency of drip irrigation, a mesmerizingly detailed 3D solid model of a drip emitter was meticulously crafted using cutting-edge SolidWorks software, revolutionizing the irrigation system's performance. CFD simulation technique is used to understanding the internal flow behavior and optimum pressure inside the in -line drip irrigation emitters. Their labyrinth structures of channels are main cause of change in flow behavior and optimum pressure in the drip irrigation emitters. Standard k-ɛ model and Enhanced wall function are used to simulate the flow behavior in labyrinth channels. Key findings are the efficiency of triangular channel is greater than the other channels (rectangular, trapezoidal and circular) based on analysis of flow rate. The value of Discharge coefficient of these channels from CFD simulation present a relationship of kCircular>kTrapezoidal>kRectangular>kTriangular. When the channel shape is smooth (like a circular channel) than the higher value of k. The efficiency of triangular channel is greater than the other channels (rectangular, trapezoidal and circular) based on analysis of flow rate. Discharge is increased by 76%, 68.42%,66.67% and 39.39% for circular channel, Trapezoidal channel, rectangular channel and Triangular Channel respectively for pressure range of 1.02m of water head to 10.2m of water head.
Enhancement of Thermo-Hydraulic Performance using Water-Based Alumina Nanofluids: A Numerical Investigation
Authors: Raj Vijilius Helena , Kumar S. Vinod , Hussein Mohammed , Kadam Rahul , Yadav Dinesh Kumar , Sharma Shekhar
Published: March 2024

This study investigates the heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of pure water passing through a double tube heat exchanger (DTHX). Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations were conducted using ANSYS-FLUENT 22 R1 software. Mathematical models and thermophysical properties of nanofluids and water from existing literature were employed. The comparison focused on pure water and 1% Al2O3/H2O nanofluids. Various operating variables such as Reynolds number and temperature were considered across the inner and outer tubes. The Reynolds number ranged from 2500 to 5500 at 80°C for the inner tube and 2500 at 15°C for the outer tube. Key findings include a 7.69% increase in friction factor for 1% Al2O3/H2O compared to pure water and a 16% increase compared to the Gnielinski correlation at a Reynolds number of 2500. The Nusselt number (Nu) exhibited a 98.42% increase compared to the Gnielinski correlation at a Reynolds number of 5500 and a 39% increase compared to pure water at the same Reynolds number. Heat transfer coefficients (hi) were found to increase by 9.52% compared to pure water and 12% compared to the correlation in existing literature.
Numerical simulation on hydrodynamics loads during tail rudder deployment procedure of supercavitating vehicle
Authors: WANG Zhong , WANG Menghao , PENG Yuanming , LU Rui , ZHOU Jingjun
Published: March 2024

In the state of navigating covered with liquid fluid, the hydrodynamics loads of the supercavitating vehicle during the deployment process of the tail rudder have an important impact on the stability analysis of the vehicle and the performance design of the tail rudder. In this study, a numerical simulation method for the deployment process of the rudder based on the overlapping grids technology and the concept of relative motion between grid domains is established. Combined with the design requirements of the supercavitating vehicle, the change law of hydrodynamics loads under different deployment rates, attack angles during the deployment process, before and after deployment of the tail rudder are researched in detail. Through the analysis of the velocity vector field, pressure field near the rudder and pressure coefficients of the rudder surface, the reasons for the changes of the hydrodynamic loads in different states are revealed. The results have important reference value for the research on the flow field characteristics of the deployment process of the tail rudder for the supercavitating vehicle, and provide an important design basis for the performance design of the tail rudder.
How diverse is the toolbox? A review of management actions to conserve or restore coregonines
Authors: Bunnell David B. , Anneville Orlane , Baer Jan , Bean Colin W. , Kahilainen Kimmo K. , Sandström Alfred , Selz Oliver M. , Vonlanthen Pascal , Wanzenböck Josef , Weidel Brian C.
Published: March 2024

Over the past centuries, coregonines have been exposed to a range of stressors that have led to extinctions, extirpations, and speciation reversals. Given that some populations remain at risk and fishery managers have begun restoring coregonines where they have been extirpated, we reviewed the primary and gray literature to describe the diversity of coregonine restoration or conservation actions that have been previously used. Although stocking of hatchery-reared fish has been commonly used for supplementing existing coregonine fisheries, we considered stocking efforts only with specifically conservation or restoration goals. Likewise, conservation-driven efforts of translocation were not widespread, except in the United Kingdom for the creation of refuge populations to supplement the distribution of declining stocks. Habitat restoration efforts have occurred more broadly and have included improving spawning habitat, connectivity, or nutrient concentrations. Although harvest regulations are commonly used to regulate coregonine fisheries, we found fewer examples of the creation of protected areas or outright closures. Finally, interactions with invasive species can be a considerable stressor, yet we found relatively few examples of invasive species control undertaken for the direct benefit of coregonines. In conclusion, our review of the literature and prior Coregonid symposia revealed relatively limited direct emphasis on coregonine conservation or restoration relative to more traditional fishery approaches (e.g., supplementation of fisheries, stock assessment) or studying life history and genetics. Ideally, by providing this broad review of conservation and restoration strategies, future management efforts will benefit from learning about a greater diversity of potential actions that could be locally applied.
Transition from paediatric to adult epilepsy care: Patients’ experiences of learning how to manage with epilepsy
Authors: Tuitaitė Jurgita , Šedienė Polina
Published: March 2024

Objective: the purpose of this study was to explore patient’s experiences of learning how to manage with epilepsy during the transition process. Materials and Methods: a qualitative methodology, constructivist grounded theory, Charmaz version guided this study. Data collected in semi-structured interviews with 10 adults. Results showed that independent individual patient-physician communication starts in the adult epilepsy care. Family members are taking care of child and protection of risk, but transition to adult care is uncertain. Patient - physician communication differences between paediatric and adult epilepsy demands assistants during the transition. Conclusions: patients feel uncomfortable due to a lack of knowledge about process of transition in adult epilepsy care. Family members feel fear and responsibility for their child and restrict self-independence of their child. Knowledge about epilepsy, reconciliation depends on patient and physician connection.
Self-assessment tool for cross-sectoral health promotion
Authors: Matinheikki-Kokko Kaija , Liinamo Arja
Published: March 2024

Finding sustainable solutions to complex health and well-being problems requires cross-sectoral cooperation. The Healthy Boost project, funded by the EU Baltic Sea Programme (2019-2021), together with 14 partners from seven countries, created a model and tools for enhancing cross-sectoral cooperation. The Self-Assessment Tool (SA) presented in this article was co-created and validated to enable different city sectors to identify their current state of cross-sectoral co-operation to promote urban health and well-being. Based on pilot self-assessment data, significant differences within and between cities exist, as regards their engagement in cross-sectoral cooperation. The most noticeable challenges were the ability to coordinate cross-sectoral cooperation, the lack of common cross-sectoral tools, communication, and resources. Based on the pilot feedback, the revised digital and matrix-based SA tool was developed. The revised SA tool provides both numerical and descriptive, verbal feedback on the state of cooperation between the city sectors. The revised SA tool has been made available to users in several languages and is intended for all professionals in different sectors of cities.
Narratives of social orphans in Latvia: Using a life history methodology to listen to the voices of care leavers
Authors: Kessler Zoë , Trapenciere Ilze
Published: March 2024

This study investigated social orphans through narratives of young people with experiences of growing up in institutional care in Latvia. The study uses the life histories of participants to explore the phenomenon of social orphans. To date, narratives about the lived experiences of social orphans in Latvia have been told in the third person, as most studies have used methodologies that kept participants passive rather than active. The research process in this study recorded 19 care leavers’ life experiences in detail and covered three main life phases: 1) Prior to living in care; 2) Living in care; 3) Life after care. A thematic analysis was employed to analyze the data. Participants’ experiences revealed some commonalities: factors that preceded children entering care, occurrences from care and life trajectories post-care. The findings also supported a deconstruction of stereotypes and dominant assumptions about orphanage care. They provide alternative narratives to what it means to grow up as a social orphan in Latvia. Notable were the strategies of self-reliance and resistance to adversity, as well as a preference for group care and a summation of what care leavers would like from professionals during care. Finally, recommendations for policy and practice are introduced; these emerged from the study findings and the positioning of the participants as ‘knowledgeable of their experience’. This rich knowledge base can be used to support and inform the practice of children moving through the institutional care system in Latvia as well as in other contexts.
Fire fighters’ psychosocial risks and physical fitness: Evidence-based study from Estonia
Authors: Reinhold Karin , Järvis Marina , Hartšenko Jelena
Published: March 2024

Current study explores important aspects of mental and physical health of fire fighters in Estonia. It is well known that high work performance requires good physical and mental health among fire fighters. However, there is a steady increase of the Body Mass Index (BMI) of rescue workers, which may be a result of little physical activity, poor or irregular diet, exhaustive shift work and sleep disturbances, emotionally difficult work or other psychosocial factors. These aspects were studied by a quantitative and qualitative research. As a result, a model for developing a culture that promotes workers’ physical and mental health was developed. The findings have implications for health and safety management and health promotion in order to find more solutions for future activities to support and ensure the high work performance of fire fighters.
Kontinuierliches Literaturreview zur Surveillance der psychischen
Gesundheit in Deutschland während der COVID-19-Pandemie – Methode, ausgewählte
Ergebnisse und Lessons Learned
Authors: Eicher Sophie Christine , Wilhelm Julia , Mauz Elvira , Junker Stephan , Hölling Heike , Schmid Lorenz , Thom Julia
Published: March 2024

Für einen stets aktuellen Überblick über Veränderungen der psychischen Gesundheit
der Bevölkerung während der COVID-19-Pandemie wurde ein kontinuierliches
Literaturreview durchgeführt. Auf Basis eines Rapid Reviews wurden
Veröffentlichungen bis 31.12.2022 monatlich systematisch und händisch
recherchiert. Je Datenerhebung wurden Beobachtungszeiträume,
Verzerrungsanfälligkeit und untersuchte Merkmale ausgewertet. Trends depressiver
Symptomatik bei Erwachsenen wurden mit Vote Counting zusammengefasst. 102
Veröffentlichungen aus 62 Datenerhebungen in der erwachsenen Bevölkerung wurden
eingeschlossen. Datenerhebungen nahmen im Pandemieverlauf ab. 37% der Erhebungen
und 56% der Veröffentlichungen können bevölkerungsbezogene Trends verlässlich
abbilden. Unter Trends depressiver Symptomatik überwogen zuletzt
Verschlechterungen. Der bis Ende 2022 publizierte heterogene Forschungsstand
limitiert Evidenzsynthesen. Hinweise auf Verschlechterungen erfordern weitere
Beobachtung. Eine kontinuierliche Recherche kann frühzeitig auf Evidenzlücken
hinweisen.
Warum entscheiden sich Männer für Geheimhaltung und gegen Offenlegung
einer depressiven Erkrankung? Eine qualitative Studie
Authors: Nickel Paul , Stiawa Maja , Götzl Christian , Krieg Gironimo , Mayer Lea , Krumm Silvia
Published: March 2024

Ziel der Studie Diese qualitative Studie untersucht aus Sicht von Männern
mit Depression, aus welchen Gründen und in welchen Situationen sie die
depressive Erkrankung geheim halten.

Methodik Fünf Fokusgruppen mit 16 Männern wurden inhaltsanalytisch
ausgewertet.

Ergebnisse Es wurden vier Motive für Geheimhaltung herausgearbeitet: 1.
Berufliche Kontinuität sicherstellen, 2. Akzeptanz und soziale Zugehörigkeit
sichern, 3. Kontrolle über soziale Identität gewinnen, 4. Belastungen des
privaten Umfelds vermeiden. Stereotype traditioneller Männlichkeit werden im
Allgemeinen abgelehnt, bilden jedoch im Arbeitskontext einen Referenzrahmen für
beruflichen Erfolg.

Schlussfolgerung Die Ergebnisse verweisen auf die Präsenz von Normen
traditioneller Männlichkeit insbesondere im Arbeitskontext sowie auf
Öffentliches Stigma und Selbststigma von Männern mit Depression. Betroffene
könnten von Maßnahmen profitieren, die der öffentlichen Stigmatisierung von
psychischen Erkrankungen im Arbeitsumfeld entgegenwirken.
Standard screening high-definition colonoscopy without any optimization device is no longer relevant: Time to move to optimized screening colonoscopy
Authors: Karsenti David
Published: March 2024

Optimizing the adenoma detection rate (ADR) is a major goal in colorectal cancer (CCR)
screening, as it has long been established that ADR is inversely proportional to the risk of
post-colonoscopy CRC occurrence. To achieve this goal, many optimization devices have been
developed, and numerous randomized controlled trials have been conducted to evaluate the
benefits of these devices compared with a "standard arm," which corresponds to date to
high-definition white light (HD-WLI) colonoscopy. Numerous studies have confirmed the positive
impact of various optimization devices, such as caps, computer-aided detection, and
contrast-enhanced technologies. Moreover, the different ways in which the devices can impact
ADR make them complementary. However, despite substantial and consistent data, practices
remain unchanged, and HD-WLI colonoscopy, considered the "standard," is still routinely
performed without any optimization devices. The objective of this viewpoint is to understand
the barriers to change and to show why standard screening colonoscopy without the use of any
optimization devices should no longer be considered relevant in 2024.
Bone Metastasis from Renal Cancer Coinciding with the Same Anatomical Position as a Vertebral Hemangioma: A Collision Lesion Case Report
Authors: Ribeiro André Marcondes Braga , Borin Amanda Silles , Mello Guilherme Dias Rocha de , Chojniak Rubens
Published: March 2024

Collisions lesions are rare neoplasms where two histologically distinct tumors coexist in the same organ or anatomical site. Vertebral hemangiomas (VHs) are the most common lesions involving the vertebral bodies and imaging findings of typical and atypical hemangiomas, variant forms of hemangioma such as aggressive hemangiomas are well known, but collision lesions involving VHs are extremely rare. This article presents a case report of a 73-year-old male patient diagnosed with clear cell renal cancer in a rare presentation of a bone metastasis coinciding with the same anatomical position as a VH (collision lesion). This required a multidisciplinary approach involving various diagnostic techniques to determine the best therapeutic management.
Chinese college students’ post-traumatic growth during the COVID-19: a grounded theory study
Authors: Ma Yining , Wang Hui , Chai Hao , Zhu Jian , Lin Xinyi , Huang Hui , Sun Zaoyi
Published: March 2024

During the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, both high levels of post-traumatic stress and positive personal changes, a phenomenon known as post-traumatic growth (PTG), were experienced by some people. What remains unknown are the constructs and facilitators of PTG during the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, this study uses a grounded theory methodology to elucidate the behavioral and cognitional dimensions of PTG in Chinese college students. Twenty-four individual semi-structured interviews were conducted with Chinese college students who had positive experiences during the epidemic. Transcripts were analyzed using initial and focused coding to identify themes that explained the PTG model. The coding results revealed that the Chinese college students’ PTG consisted of four core themes: reflections on the country and society, self-awareness changes, increased social behavior, and lifestyle modifications. Additionally, participants described external factors such as information input and patriotism, which were identified as influencing their PTG during the pandemic. Findings from this study extend prior theory and research by conceptualizing a novel theoretical model for PTG among college students during the pandemic and provide important implications for research and practice.
After nudging: the ethical challenge of post-pandemic policymaking in the UK
Authors: Degerman Dan , Johnson Elliott , Flinders Matthew , Johnson Matthew
Published: March 2024

This article explores the interplay between crises, opportunities and democratic change in the United Kingdom. A vast body of scholarship underlines that crises open ‘windows of opportunity’ that can occasionally lead to radical shifts in the role of the state and the design of public policy. Even when a radical shift occurs, however, it has often proved temporary, with relationships and processes quickly reverting to pre-crisis modes once the immediacy of the crisis abates. This may not be true of our present period of crisis following the COVID-19 pandemic. The consequences of decades of underinvestment in infrastructure and increasing concentration of resources in a small minority of individuals and organisations are being exacerbated by climate change, geopolitical conflict and new waves of disease. The challenge for policymakers in the UK now is heightened by evidence that suggests that nudging, a libertarian paternalist means of promoting certain ends, is ineffective. Policymakers who have long used state neutrality between conceptions of the good as the justification for not promoting certain ends now have to confront a real ethical dilemma: coerce to achieve specific outcomes or invest in addressing the social determinants that actually affect behaviour. This article suggests that contrary to decades of opposition to redistribution among UK policymakers, only the latter is consistent with libertarian paternalism.
Organic food production among Chinese urban botanists
Authors: Yang Qing , Wu Mengling , Al Mamun Abdullah , Gao Jingzu , Masud Muhammad Mehedi
Published: March 2024

Organic food production is recognized by most countries and regions worldwide as a method of ecological and environmental protection because traditional agricultural practices significantly use pesticides and other chemicals, creating severe issues regarding the ecological, environmental, and food safety issues. Most research on organic production focuses on large-scale organic production. This study focuses on growing noncommercial, small-scale urban organic food using the value-belief-norm (VBN) model to explore the pro-environmental behavior regarding organic food production from a psychological perspective. We employed nonprobability sampling because of the absence of a sampling framework for the target population. We obtained a sample of 621 respondents from noncommercial urban botanists in China followed by quantitative methods to examine the relationships among variables using partial least squares structural equation modeling. This study focused on organic food behavior by modifying the VBN theory, which built trust in organic food production methods and developed a structural equation model to explain the underlying motivational factors that influenced the propensity to grow organic food. Finally, the path analysis results demonstrated that all hypothesized associations were statistically significant, except for the ecological worldview on personal norms and trust in organic food production, and personal norms on intention toward organic food production. Overall, the results of this study verify the validity of the VBN theory in the context of organic food consumption as a pro-environmental behavior. Therefore, relevant departments and governments should take measures to promote organic food production in China from a psychological perspective.
Marine magnetotelluric and controlled source electromagnetics signal simulative generator
Authors: Gong Yixuan , Wu Peng , Chen Kai
Published: March 2024

Ocean bottom electromagnetic receivers (OBEMs) are invaluable tools for observing seafloor electromagnetic signals, primarily used in magnetotelluric (MT) sounding and marine controlled source electromagnetics (MCSEM). However, the high operational costs of deploying OBEMs require thorough pre-deployment testing to enhance the data reliability and quality. Commercial signal generators used for MT and controlled source electromagnetic (CSEM) testing often fall short of the restricted terms of the frequency range, signal-to-noise ratio, storage depth, time synchronization, and amplitude dynamics. To address these limitations, we developed a specialized marine MT and CSEM signal simulative generator. The generator employs pseudorandom number code-based white noise to simulate MT signals and uses multi-frequency synthesis and amplitude modulation (AM) to generate CSEM signals. The system is developed using a low-power microcontroller unit and a field programmable gate array platform, integrating various circuits such as power, clock, encoding, control, data storage, chopper, and amplification circuits. The generator simultaneously outputs four-channel white noise and AM signals. The white noise feature provides a wide and adjustable frequency band and amplitude, while the AM feature provides a large dynamic amplitude range and multi-frequency synthesis at various carrier frequency points. Comprehensive testing verified the performance of the proposed simulative generator. The test results demonstrate that the MT simulated signals cover a frequency range from 1 E4s to 100 Hz, providing adjustable amplitudes between 10 μVpp and 10 mVpp. The CSEM simulated signals include standard square waves, third harmonic waves, and seventh harmonic waves, with amplitudes adjustable from 10 mVpp to 10 Vpp. The proposed simulative generator enhances the efficiency of OBEM functional testing and provides essential equipment support for maintaining the quality of marine data.
Hybrid programming-model strategies for GPU offloading of electronic structure calculation kernels
Authors: Fattebert Jean-Luc , Negre Christian F. A. , Finkelstein Joshua , Mohd-Yusof Jamaludin , Osei-Kuffuor Daniel , Wall Michael E. , Zhang Yu , Bock Nicolas , Mniszewski Susan M.
Published: March 2024

To address the challenge of performance portability and facilitate the implementation of electronic structure solvers, we developed the basic matrix library (BML) and Parallel, Rapid O(N), and Graph-based Recursive Electronic Structure Solver (PROGRESS) library. The BML implements linear algebra operations necessary for electronic structure kernels using a unified user interface for various matrix formats (dense and sparse) and architectures (CPUs and GPUs). Focusing on density functional theory and tight-binding models, PROGRESS implements several solvers for computing the single-particle density matrix and relies on BML. In this paper, we describe the general strategies used for these implementations on various computer architectures, using OpenMP target functionalities on GPUs, in conjunction with third-party libraries to handle performance critical numerical kernels. We demonstrate the portability of this approach and its performance in benchmark problems.
Soil zinc application decreases arsenic and increases zinc accumulation in grains of zinc-biofortified wheat cultivars
Authors: Basit Ammara , Hussain Shahid
Published: March 2024

Context Arsenic (As) is a noxious metalloid for plants, animals and humans. Elevated levels of As in soils may cause it to accumulate to above-permissible levels in wheat grains, posing a threat to human health. Moreover, vulnerable population groups in developing countries have inadequate dietary zinc (Zn) linked to cereal-based diets. Aims The present study evaluated the effect of soil Zn application on accumulation of As and Zn in grains of two Zn-biofortified wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars (Akbar-2019 and Zincol-2016). Methods Wheat plants were grown on an alkaline calcareous soil spiked with three levels of As (0, 5 and 25 mg kg−1). Before sowing, two rates of Zn (0 and 8 mg kg−1) were also applied to the soil. Key results Arsenic spiking in soil decreased plant dry matter yield, chlorophyll pigments, and phosphorus (P) and Zn accumulation, and increased As accumulation in wheat. By contrast, soil Zn application enhanced crop yield and increased P and Zn accumulation, with a simultaneous decrease in As accumulation in both cultivars. Compared with the Zn control, soil Zn application decreased grain As concentration by 26%, 30% and 32% for plants grown in soil spiked with 0, 5 and 25 mg As kg−1, respectively. Conclusions Applying Zn to As-spiked soil mitigates the harmful effects of As by increasing Zn and decreasing As concentrations in wheat, resulting in improved grain quality for human consumption. Implications Zinc application to crop plants should be recommended for addressing the health implications associated with As-contaminated crops and human Zn deficiency.
A sodium-dependent trehalose transporter contributes to anhydrobiosis in insect cell line, Pv11
Authors: Mizutani Kosuke , Yoshida Yuki , Nakanishi Eita , Miyata Yugo , Tokumoto Shoko , Fuse Hiroto , Gusev Oleg , Kikuta Shingo , Kikawada Takahiro
Published: March 2024

Pv11 is the only animal cell line that, when preconditioned with a high concentration of trehalose, can be preserved in the dry state at room temperature for more than one year while retaining the ability to resume proliferation. This extreme desiccation tolerance is referred to as anhydrobiosis. Here, we identified a transporter that contributes to the recovery of Pv11 cells from anhydrobiosis. In general, the solute carrier 5 (SLC5)-type secondary active transporters cotransport Na
+
and carbohydrates including glucose. The heterologous expression systems showed that the transporter belonging to the SLC5 family, whose expression increases upon rehydration, exhibits Na
+
-dependent trehalose transport activity. Therefore, we named it STRT1 (sodium-ion trehalose transporter 1). We report an SLC5 family member that transports a naturally occurring disaccharide, such as trehalose. Knockout of the
Strt1
gene significantly reduced the viability of Pv11 cells upon rehydration after desiccation. During rehydration, when intracellular trehalose is no longer needed,
Strt1
-knockout cells released the disaccharide more slowly than the parental cell line. During rehydration, Pv11 cells became roughly spherical due to osmotic pressure changes, but then returned to their original spindle shape after about 30 min.
Strt1
-knockout cells, however, required about 50 min to adopt their normal morphology. STRT1 probably regulates intracellular osmolality by releasing unwanted intracellular trehalose with Na
+
, thereby facilitating the recovery of normal cell morphology during rehydration. STRT1 likely improves the viability of dried Pv11 cells by rapidly alleviating the significant physical stresses that arise during rehydration.
Jacques van Ginneken and Significs
Authors: Elffers Els
Published: March 2024

In the early 1920s, the Dutch linguist Jacques van Ginneken S. J. (1877–1945) was involved in Significs, an
idealistic-linguistic movement. He joined the group despite his objections against language reform, which was a central signific
goal. The curious combination of Van Ginneken’s considerable impact on the movement and the tensions between this Jesuit linguist
and his co-significians, brilliant intellectuals and social idealists, calls for further analysis. In this article, Van Ginneken’s
contribution to Significs and his complicated role in the movement will be discussed in some detail. Special attention will be
paid to the position of Van Ginneken and the leading significians in the contemporary multi-faceted transition from linguistic
psychologism to linguistic anti-psychologism. Both parties adopted a prominently psychologistic program, which entailed some
shared focuses of interest. However, they combined this with very diverse anti-psychologistic elements, which widened the gap
between them.
The role of identification criteria in language
Authors: Ivašković Igor
Published: March 2024

The article presents the criteria employed in distinguishing languages and, within the framework of structuralist
and sociolinguistic perspectives, delves into the role of identification criteria in the context of the Croatian language. Through
a critical analysis of the interpretation of various criteria in Croatian linguistics, the article uncovers the issue of
arbitrariness in language differentiation. The author asserts that, as a product of society, language cannot exist without its
specific cultural context and, therefore, concurs with the thesis that language is inevitably influenced by politics. Within the
scope of the Croatian language, the article examines several differentiation criteria, including structural, genetic,
standardization, mutual intelligibility, and, notably, the identification criterion. The latter appears to be the least ambiguous,
aligning with the principle that a language belongs to the entire community of its speakers. However, practical application raises
certain challenges.
Authenticating otherness
Authors: Song Ge
Published: March 2024

Chinese painting is a foreign other to the Anglo-American world. This article explores how Chinese thinking on painting is
translated into English and what implications it carries for the English translation of Chinese traditional culture in general.
Early Chinese Texts on Painting, an academic book targeting academics and China enthusiasts, is taken as a case study.
Using the notion of cultural translation as a theoretical foundation, this study finds that three strategies are used to translate Chinese
painting into English: pluralizing meanings of key notions, contextualizing otherness through the recurrence of Taoist, Confucian, and
Chinese literary ideas, and restructuring temporal and thematic ideas. These findings imply that cultural authenticity of foreign otherness
can be approximated despite temporal, cultural, and linguistic distances. This study seeks to provide new answers to generic questions about
the role of language in cross-cultural studies.
LET-767 determines lipid droplet protein targeting and lipid homeostasis
Authors: Fu Lin , Zhang Jingjing , Wang Yanli , Wu Huiyin , Xu Xiumei , Li Chunxia , Li Jirong , Liu Jing , Wang Haizhen , Jiang Xue , Li Zhihao , He Yaomei , Liu Pingsheng , Wu Yingjie , Zou Xiaoju , Liang Bin
Published: March 2024

Lipid droplets (LDs) are composed of a core of neutral lipids wrapped by a phospholipid (PL) monolayer containing several hundred proteins that vary between different cells or organisms. How LD proteins target to LDs is still largely unknown. Here, we show that RNAi knockdown or gene mutation of let-767, encoding a member of hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD), displaced the LD localization of three well-known LD proteins: DHS-3 (dehydrogenase/reductase), PLIN-1 (perilipin), and DGAT-2 (diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 2), and also prevented LD growth in Caenorhabditis elegans. LET-767 interacts with ARF-1 (ADP-ribosylation factor 1) to prevent ARF-1 LD translocation for appropriate LD protein targeting and lipid homeostasis. Deficiency of LET-767 leads to the release of ARF-1, which further recruits and promotes translocation of ATGL-1 (adipose triglyceride lipase) to LDs for lipolysis. The displacement of LD proteins caused by LET-767 deficiency could be reversed by inhibition of either ARF-1 or ATGL-1. Our work uncovers a unique LET-767 for determining LD protein targeting and maintaining lipid homeostasis.
A new gravitational theory and dark matter problem
Authors: Zhao Xiong , Ma Yongge
Published: March 2024

We propose a new gravitational theory with torsion based on Riemann–Cartan geometry, in which all physical quantities are dynamical. In addition to the spacetime metric, the gravitational degrees of freedom in this theory also include the torsion and two scalar fields. The energy-momentum tensor of the matter fields in this theory is also proposed. A spherically symmetric static vacuum solution of the theory is obtained. It turns out that this solution can fit the observational data of the rotation curve outside the stellar disk in the Milky Way. Therefore, the galactic dark matter may just be the gravitational effect of the theory with torsion.
Prediction of impurity spectrum function by deep learning algorithm
Authors: Liu 刘 Ting 婷 , Han 韩 Rong-Sheng 榕生 , Chen 陈 Liang 亮
Published: March 2024

By using the numerical renormalization group (NRG) method, we construct a large dataset with about one million spectral functions of the Anderson quantum impurity model. The dataset contains the density of states (DOS) of the host material, the strength of Coulomb interaction between on-site electrons (U), and the hybridization between the host material and the impurity site (Γ). The continued DOS and spectral functions are stored with Chebyshev coefficients and wavelet functions, respectively. From this dataset, we build seven different machine learning networks to predict the spectral function from the input data, DOS, U, and Γ. Three different evaluation indexes, mean absolute error (MAE), relative error (RE) and root mean square error (RMSE), are used to analyze the prediction abilities of different network models. Detailed analysis shows that, for the two kinds of widely used recurrent neural networks (RNNs), gate recurrent unit (GRU) has better performance than the long short term memory (LSTM) network. A combination of bidirectional GRU (BiGRU) and GRU has the best performance among GRU, BiGRU, LSTM, and BiLSTM. The MAE peak of BiGRU+GRU reaches 0.00037. We have also tested a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1DCNN) with 20 hidden layers and a residual neural network (ResNet), we find that the 1DCNN has almost the same performance of the BiGRU+GRU network for the original dataset, while the robustness testing seems to be a little weak than BiGRU+GRU when we test all these models on two other independent datasets. The ResNet has the worst performance among all the seven network models. The datasets presented in this paper, including the large data set of the spectral function of Anderson quantum impurity model, are openly available at https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.j00113.00192.
Photometric Analysis for Asteroid (81) Terpsichore using Convex Inversion and Phase Function Fitting Methods
Authors: Wang Ao , Wang Xiaobin , Xu Xiaoyun , Qin Longhua , Gao Quangui , Li Huaizhen , Xiao Yong , Zhao Hairu
Published: March 2024

The shapes and rotation states (periods and pole orientations) of main-belt asteroids are important for understanding their formation and evolution. In order to obtain sufficient photometric data covering different apparitions for asteroid (81) Terpsichore, ground-based photometric observations in 2020 and 2021 were carried out. By combining published and newly obtained photometric data, we calculated the shape and spin parameters for (81) Terpsichore using the convex inversion method. With this method, we have derived a best fitted pole orientation— (

22.2

±

3.1

3.3

◦

,
17.5

±

5.5

10.8

◦

) with a spin period of 10.94

±

0.01

0.01

h. Based on the derived convex shape of (81) Terpsichore, we have fitted the H, G
1, G
2 phase function using the calibrated TESS data and Gaia data after accounting for the lightcurve amplitude correction. As a result, we have derived its absolute magnitude H = 8.68

±

0.19

0.22

mag with corresponding phase function parameters G
1 = 0.82

±

0.10

0.09

and G
2 = 0.02

±

0.02

0.03

.
Close Major-merger Pairs at z = 0: Star-forming Galaxies with Pseudobulges
Authors: He 何 Chuan 川 , Xu 徐 Cong 聪 , Lisenfeld Ute , Dai 戴 Yu Sophia 昱 , Fang 方 Taotao 陶陶 , Huang 黄 Jiasheng 家声 , Wang 王 Wei 炜 , Yu 余 Qingzheng 清正
Published: March 2024

We present a study of star-forming galaxies (SFGs) with pseudobulges (bulges with Sérsic index n < 2) in a local close major-merger galaxy pair sample (H-KPAIR). With data from new aperture photometries in the optical and near-infrared bands (aperture size of 7 kpc) and from the literature, we find that the mean Age of central stellar populations in Spirals with pseudobulges is consistent with that of disky galaxies and is nearly constant against the bulge-to-total ratio (B/T). Paired Spirals have a slightly lower fraction of pure disk galaxies (B/T ≤ 0.1) than their counterparts in the control sample. Compared to SFGs with classical bulges, those with pseudobulges have a higher (>2σ) mean of specific star formation rate (sSFR) enhancement (sSFRenh = 0.33 ± 0.07 versus sSFRenh = 0.12 ± 0.06) and broader scatter (by ∼1 dex). The eight SFGs that have the highest sSFRenh in the sample all have pseudobulges. A majority (69%) of paired SFGs with strong enhancement (having sSFR more than 5 times the median of the control galaxies) have pseudobulges. The Spitzer data show that the pseudobulges in these galaxies are tightly linked to nuclear/circum-nuclear starbursts. Pseudobulge SFGs in S+S and in S+E pairs have significantly (>3σ) different sSFR enhancement, with the means of sSFRenh = 0.45 ± 0.08 and −0.04 ± 0.11, respectively. We find a decrease in the sSFR enhancements with the density of the environment for SFGs with pseudobulges. Since a high fraction (5/11) of pseudobulge SFGs in S+E pairs are in rich groups/clusters (local density N1Mpc ≥ 7), the dense environment might be the cause for their low sSFRenh.
Experimental research regarding the autonomy of electric cars in real driving conditions
Authors: Nișulescu V , Ivan F , Toma M F , Bancă G , Rențea C
Published: March 2024

Currently, almost all car manufacturers have in the production scheme at least one vehicle model with a hybrid or electric energy source. This fact is generated by the high interest in the market related to the subsidies offered to the purchase by the states but also by the high performance in terms of pollution, noise, and economy, which they can achieve. The only performance indicator which for the moment is not at a satisfactory level is represented by autonomy. At this point, the electric cars have an autonomy between 250 and 800 km driven after a single charge of the traction battery. It should be mentioned though that, the autonomy of electric vehicles declared by European manufacturers is obtained in laboratory conditions, these being carried out in accordance with the provisions of the European Union regulations. Obviously, there are significant differences between the electric autonomy obtained in laboratory conditions and the autonomy obtained in real driving conditions. These differences are related to the ideal test conditions achieved at the laboratory level and which cannot be fully found in real driving conditions. Starting from these premises, in a first part of the paper, are presented the theoretical arguments regarding the determination of autonomy in real driving conditions with a driving profile specific to the RDE testing and are described the technical details of the electric vehicle under investigation. In the second part of the paper, are presented the results of the experimental research for the three driving zones specific to the RDE testing: driving in the urban zone, driving in the rural zone, and driving on the motorway. The downward evolution of the state of charge of the traction battery for each driving zone is shown graphically. Following the processing, analysis and interpretation of the data acquired from the car electronic control units, are formulated conclusions regarding the causes that influence the electric autonomy.
Considerations on reducing emissions by increasing the use of electric vehicles in urban area
Authors: Vilcan A , Nicolae V , Martin I , Istrate M
Published: March 2024

The pace between city development, increasing number of working places and emissions control is a challenge nowadays in urban environment. The gradual increase of electric cars ownership is essential for reducing the emissions level in urban areas. The city policy is of high importance for encouraging the use of electric cars, especially for trip purposes to work and business. The paper deals with the effects of increasing the fleet of electric vehicles on the emissions level in urban areas. The effect of considering a certain share of electric car trips to work and business is analyzed. Considering this, the concept of “green city corridors” can be introduced and considered as a priority for the transport policy in urban areas.
Analysis of metal content in the lubricating oils used in truck diesel engines
Authors: Niculescu R , Nastase M , Negrea D , Zaharia C , Clenci A
Published: March 2024

The lubricating oil of an internal combustion engine (I.C.E.) performs several functions with a major contribution to the reliability of the system, which involves proper operation during the operating period. Changing the engine oil early or late could generate additional costs and/or damage the engine’s performance. Thus, it becomes necessary to periodically analyse the oil used in the engine. In this work, the authors propose to analyse the metal content of the used engine oil and, based on the results obtained, to issue maintenance strategies. Samples taken from a number of 43 DAF trucks equipped with the same type of engine, MX - 11 330 H2, EURO 6, which use the same assortment of 10W30 oil, were analysed.
Experimental research on vehicles equipped with a GMP Hybrid for the new Euro 7 emissions standard
Authors: Bancǎ Gh , Ivan F , Toma M , Nişulescu V , Micu D A
Published: March 2024

With the increase the number of vehicles on European roads, the road transport has become the biggest source of air pollution in the cities of the old continent. According to European Commission estimates in 2018, more than 39% of NOx (nitrogen oxides) emissions and 10% of PM2.5 and PM10 emissions (mechanical particles with diameters of 2.5 and 10 micrometers) were attributed to road transport. It is known that, in order to limit to some extent, the uncontrolled increase in harmful emissions from road vehicles, the European Commission has gradually introduced new pollution standards to be met by manufacturers of new vehicles. In the second half of 2022, the Commission presented a new proposal to reduce pollutant emissions from new vehicles sold in the European Union (EU), defining the new Euro 7 pollution standards. Compared to Euro 6 by 2035, according to European Commission estimates, these new Euro 7 standards, together with a progressive increase in the number of electric vehicles sold, aim to reduce pollutant emissions from private vehicles and vans by around 35% for NOx emissions and around 13% for particulate emissions. Therefore, both the Euro 7 and CO2 emissions standard (CAFE) for vehicles have been designed to improve air quality in cities and reduce greenhouse gas emissions, including by increasing the use of electric vehicles. Starting from this hypothesis, the first part of the paper presents the experimental model developed in the AMESim simulation platform of a mid-size vehicle equipped with a hybrid GMP, tested on a roller bench, which simulates pollutant emissions in this new Euro 7 standard. In the second part of the paper, the simulation results and possible causes influencing hybrid GMP behavior leading to the evolution of pollutant emissions are analyzed. Finally, the paper formulates conclusions on the evolution of pollutant emissions.
Biogas from wastewater’s sludge as potential resource for transportation. Experimental approach.
Authors: Bacos T B , Cioabla A E , Popescu F , Vintilă T , Borborean A T
Published: March 2024

Considering growing energy requirements and the quest for self-sufficiency in energy sources, the utilization of waste-derived materials has surged in various fields of research in recent years. Within this framework, waste waters, sludge, or slurries, biodegradable substances, second-generation effluents, and the resulting by-products have emerged as crucial substrates of interest to produce biogas through anaerobic digestion (AD). The objective is to employ these materials as the foundation for generating renewable energy, ultimately establishing them as the primary energy source for households or industries. This paper endeavours to assess, both physically and chemically, the waste industrial and urban wastewaters sourced from west Banat region as a foundational substrate material for co-fermentation alongside residual biomass from cereals. The results obtained are presented.