bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
AN ULTRA-FAINT GALAXY CANDIDATE DISCOVERED IN EARLY DATA FROM THE MAGELLANIC SATELLITES SURVEY
Authors: Drlica-Wagner A. , Bechtol K. , Allam S. , Tucker D. L. , Gruendl R. A. , Johnson M. D. , Walker A. R. , James D. J. , Nidever D. L. , Olsen K. A. G. , Wechsler R. H. , Cioni M. R. L. , Conn B. C. , Kuehn K. , Li T. S. , Mao Y.-Y. , Martin N. F. , Neilsen E. , Noel N. E. D. , Pieres A. , Simon J. D. , Stringfellow G. S. , Marel R. P. van der , Yanny B.
Published: November 2016

We report a new ultra-faint stellar system found in Dark Energy Camera data from the first observing run of the Magellanic Satellites Survey (MagLiteS). MagLiteS  J0644−5953 (Pictor II or Pic II) is a low surface brightness (

within its half-light radius) resolved overdensity of old and metal-poor stars located at a heliocentric distance of

. The physical size (

) and low luminosity (

) of this satellite are consistent with the locus of spectroscopically confirmed ultra-faint galaxies. MagLiteS  J0644−5953 (Pic II) is located

from the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), and comparisons with simulation results in the literature suggest that this satellite was likely accreted with the LMC. The close proximity of MagLiteS  J0644−5953 (Pic II) to the LMC also makes it the most likely ultra-faint galaxy candidate to still be gravitationally bound to the LMC.
Violence en prison : une perspective clinique auprès des surveillants pénitentiaires
Authors: Denans Julien , Léon Julien
Published: November 2016

Partant du constat, essentiellement événementiel et statistique, par lequel la violence envers les surveillants de prison est traitée, les auteurs, guidés par une pratique de psychologue auprès de ce personnel, cherchent à élargir le champ en question. La violence, comme composante de l’environnement carcéral, se fait ainsi entendre dans les discours des agents à partir d’éléments symboliques touchant à l’identité professionnelle, à la reconnaissance, aux assises narcissiques et représentationnelles, etc. Ses effets ne sont pas sans conséquences sur les pratiques professionnelles (malaise au travail, discours de souffrance, sentiment de solitude...). En ce sens, cet article vise à interroger l’expression de la violence en prison dans les dynamiques de liens humains et les référents collectifs institutionnels, en soutenant une perspective clinique impliquée du côté des personnels de surveillance.
L’efficacité dans la diversité, la preuve par Jolokia
Authors: Bourguinat Élisabeth
Published: November 2016

Team Jolokia embarque des équipages avec de fortes différences : juniors/seniors, hommes/femmes, mais aussi des handicapés. Sur cinq compétitions, Jolokia accède à trois podiums. Avec un management approprié, la diversité est source de performance.
Le temps des artistes-entrepreneurs ?
Authors: Claden Jewly et Julie
Published: November 2016

Internet a bouleversé le secteur de la musique et les artistes doivent compter sans les professionnels pour amorcer leur carrière. Ainsi, Jewly a dû être à la fois le produit et son vendeur. Allons-nous vers un monde d’artistes-entrepreneurs ?
Hydrogeological characterization of the Salinas-Los Hoyos evaporitic karst (Malaga province, S Spain) using topographic, hydrodynamic, hydrochemical and isotopic methods
Authors: Gil-Márquez Jose Manuel , Mudarra Matías , Andreo Bartolomé , Linares Luis , Carrasco Francisco , Benavente José
Published: November 2016

The Salinas-Los Hoyos karst system is a geological diapiric structure formed by materials of diverse nature (clays, sandstones, evaporites, volcanic rocks, dolostones, etc.) placed between Malaga and Granada provinces (S Spain). The abundance of evaporite rocks (gypsum, anhydrite and halite) and their high solubility contribute to the development of exokarstic features (dolines, uvalas, sinkholes). Grande and Chica lakes are dolines located in the western border of the diapir that are intersected by the piezometric level. Close to the first wetland is the Aguileras spring, which is the main discharge point of the west sector of the system. To assess the wetland-spring relation and the general functioning of the system, the geomorphologic framework has been analyzed and hydrogeological controls have been performed, consisting in limnimetric and discharge logging and in situ measurements of physico-chemical parameters (EC and water temperature). Furthermore, spring, wetland and rain water samples have been taken for subsequent chemical and isotopic analysis. Preliminary results show that wetland water level and spring discharge follow a similar trend, consistently with the inertia of the system. However, their hydrochemical evolution and isotopic values differ, thus wetland groundwater interaction has not been fully determined. Nevertheless, present research suggests that the hydrogeological connection would be more likely during wet periods, when the water table is at higher altitude.Key words: Evaporitic (karst) aquifer, Hydrological and hydrogeological behaviours, Natural responses, South Spain, Wetlands.
Usage of directional common image gathers for shallow seismic source localization
Authors: Lellouch Ariel , Reshef Moshe
Published: November 2016

Accurate localization of shallow subsurface seismic events recorded by an array of receivers might be challenging given the near‐surface complexity and its inadequate spatial sampling, low velocities, and limited frequency content. A novel approach that performs a joint localization and velocity analysis is presented. In this study, we utilize non‐conventional migrated common image gathers as a tool for velocity and location analysis, based on the diffractive nature of the source. Only when the correct velocity model is used energy from all receivers is coherently focused at the true subsurface location. However, if the used model or CIG location is wrong, the migrated event does not have a flat moveout. The effectiveness of this technique is greatly improved by the use of vertical arrays of receivers. Through synthetic and real data examples, we show the usefulness of the method in a fully automatic workflow.
Place-Based Subnational Development
Authors: Gray Nick , Pugalis Lee
Published: November 2016

This chapter offers a critical theoretically informed and policy-relevant exploration of some of the most prevalent conceptual strands informing place-based development scholarship, discourse, and practice. In doing so, it examines the emphasis on co-operation, open governance, and the assumption that all places have the potential to grow and prosper. Further, it analyzes normative dispositions – namely that place-based modes of subnational development could represent a viable and progressive approach which reconciles pervasive tensions between economic growth and spatial equity. In the process, the chapter identifies four key conceptual strands that characterize place-based development theory and practice.
Public Financial Management and Systems of Accountability in Sub-National Governance in Developing Economies
Authors: Boachie Christopher
Published: November 2016

There is an increasing focus worldwide on improving the quality of public financial management, with many countries in both the developed and the developing world making important and impressive achievements in strengthening public financial management and governance. This chapter explores how subnational government financial management can be improved and capacity strengthened in developing economies. Using Ghana's subnational financial management and accountability system as illustration, this study shows that improving public financial management leads to better quality of public services. The subnational government landscape is rapidly changing, with increasing emphasis on fiscal management and discipline, prioritization of expenditure, and value for money. It is even more important that international donors, governments, and national and local institutions, including regulators and professional accountancy bodies, work together in partnership to achieve long-lasting improvements, transparency, and accountability in public financial management.
Co-Creation as a Social Innovation in Delivery of Public Services at Local Government Level
Authors: Nemec Juraj , Meričková Beáta Mikušová , Svidroňová Mária Murray , Klimovský Daniel
Published: November 2016

This chapter examines social innovations in the public sector emphasizing the plural forms of ownership in public service provision which enable co-creation. It identifies different types of co-creation as social innovations, as well as the drivers for, and barriers to, successful co-creation processes at the subnational level in Slovakia. This study is a part of the research project “Learning from innovation in public sector environments” (LIPSE) and as such focuses on co-creation in the fields of welfare and the environment. One of the findings is that co-creation innovations are predominantly proposed and initiated by other actors, rather than by local self-governments, contrary to the main role that local governments are believed to play in initiating the co-creation processes. Explanations for such situations are provided.
Subnational Governance and Development
Authors: Hodgson Jenny , McKinlay Peter , Knight Barry
Published: November 2016

This chapter examines how the practice of governance, especially at a subnational level, has been evolving since the 1990s, focusing on the implications for “community governance”. An overview of recent thinking on the nature of governance opens up the question of whether “governance” may be exercised through institutions entirely separate from government. Examples are considered from Australia's experience with “community banking”, and from trusts and foundations that have emerged from major public sector restructuring. The chapter considers the work of the Global Fund for Community Foundations as an important civil society contribution to subnational governance in developing countries, examining the role of foundations in building capacity and capability in disadvantaged communities through a new approach grounded in an understanding of “community governance”. Overall the chapter argues for a broadening in the understanding of governance, from what governments do to encompassing how our communities come together to shape their own futures.
Not Forgetting the Public Servants
Authors: Woods Ronald
Published: November 2016

This chapter draws attention to the importance of the public service as a key agent in the implementation of subnational governance and development initiatives. A framework for teaching-learning and capacity-building more broadly is provided that builds on a model of decentralization implementation. This gives rise to a program of training that focuses on helping public servants: to improve their understandings of decentralization and on the country and its goals; to consider the design of the system of multi-level governance; to focus on both central and local capacity; and to adopt flexibility, supported by feedback mechanisms, in the process of decentralization. Each element is discussed in some detail, and illustrated by means of examples from the author's experience as an educator in Australia as well as contributor to initiatives in countries adopting federal systems of government, including Nepal, Indonesia, and Pakistan.
Promoting Critical Thinking in the Modern Learning Environments
Authors: Kasemsap Kijpokin
Published: November 2016

This chapter explains the overview of critical thinking (CT); the emerging trends of CT in the modern learning environments; CT in nursing education and health care; reflective judgment and CT; constructivist learning and CT; metacognitive strategies, cognitive strategies, and CT; and the promotion of CT in the modern learning environments. The promotion of CT is essential for the learning organizations that seek to serve educators, increase educational performance, strengthen competitiveness, and achieve continuous success in the modern learning environments. Therefore, it is required for the learning organizations to promote their CT and develop a learning plan to regularly check their practical advancements toward satisfying educator requirements. The chapter argues that promoting CT has the potential to enhance organizational performance and reach strategic goals in the modern learning environments.
A Math Training Platform to Foster Individual Learning
Authors: Neuherz Edgar , Ebner Martin
Published: November 2016

The use of mobile technologies such as Smartphone, Tablet are becoming more pervasive in our daily lives. Obviously, it should also be used and integrated to support learning seamlessly. But not all learning environments can be used with all these devices. In some cases, special libraries are needed (e.g. flash not available on iPad, Mac OS X) or a permanent internet connection to a learning-platform is necessary. This publication proposes a new way in math education using the standard format PDF with completely auto-generated tasks for seamless learning and presents new learning scenarios for collaborations. On the one hand a new information system will be described and on the other hand use cases are carried out to establish individual learning. It can be concluded that individual math training is an important step to foster future education.
Designing Seamless Learning Using Role-Playing Experiences
Authors: Jones Sherry , Novak Kae , Luchs Christopher , Bennani Farah
Published: November 2016

This chapter examines seamless learning in the context of three case studies that incorporate role-play as a pedagogical approach to integrate contextually aware learning from the formal classroom to informal spaces both face-to face and online. The research question explored is whether role-playing design in seamless mobile learning can cultivate the learners' intrinsic motivation to engage with the course and collaborate with others. In all three case studies, a variety of technologies, such as web 2.0 and mobile devices, were employed to offer learners a seamless learning experience. The studies revealed that majority of the learners were more invested and engaged in the course experience by participating in technology-mediated role-playing activities. We conclude that role-playing should be part of the seamless learning approach, since role-playing can mediate learners' access to different knowledge areas through various perspectives, just as technology can serve as mediators in the seamless learning paradigm.
How to Design a Mathematical Learning App Suitable for Children
Authors: Höfler Elke , Geier Gerald , Zimmermann Claudia
Published: November 2016

This paper examines the main considerations that influenced the development and implementation of an educational application created for elementary school children, with the aim of helping them to practice long divisions. In addition to discussing design principles for technologies that are suitable for children, the authors take a closer look at the framework for designing and using digital applications in the classroom. The most important aspects in this regard include the institutional setting of the Austrian school system and the myth of digital natives, as well as the Mobile Seamless Learning and Adaptive Learning approaches. The lack of basic digital infrastructure in Austrian elementary schools, the fact that not every child younger than ten years owns or has access to mobile devices and the resulting problematic implementation of Mobile Seamless Learning settings and BYOD strategies in schools ask for more flexible learning applications. The divisiontrainer designed by Geier (2015) is presented as a good practice example that takes the identified challenges into account.
The Adoption of Mobile Devices as Digital Tools for Seamless Learning
Authors: Yokuş Gürol , Yelken Tuğba Yanpar
Published: November 2016

This study examines the views of undergraduate students in Education Faculty related to mobile learning and reveals their mobile usage behaviors. Mobile usage behaviors include students' view about effectiveness of mobile learning, their mobile design preferences, use of mobile device for purpose of learning, the activity types conducted with mobile devices and their mobile usage frequency. It comes out that university students have very positive attitudes towards mobile learning and they think that m-learning is a really effective learning method. However, mobile devices are used mostly for two purposes: socialization and entertainment. University students agree that mobile learning removes constraints like time and space dependency. They view simplicity and fluency as the prerequisites for a mobile application. Their behaviors are infrequent when it comes to the use of mobile devices for accessing library, reading article, doing homework and note-taking. Their readiness for m-learning is considerably high and they have necessary skills for this learning form.
Encouraging Communication through the Use of Educational Social Media Tools
Authors: Barnes Melissa
Published: November 2016

Over the last decade, our society has embraced social networking and web-based and mobile technologies. In an attempt to stay current with social trends, educators have become increasingly interested in how best to harness social media tools to enhance their teaching practices. This paper will explore the use of social media tools, such as Edmodo and Glogster, with 30 Japanese high school exchange students in Sydney, Australia. Given that the classes were homogenous, the teachers' biggest challenge was to create a classroom environment that encouraged students to use English rather than Japanese to communicate with one another. By using social media tools, students were given the opportunity to embrace and explore different technologies while creating a space to communicate with their peers and teachers in English. This article will discuss the types of activities and tasks employed and student and teacher feedback. New technologies continue to emerge and evolve, shaping how our society communicates, works and learns. Educators, in particular, have attempted to harness various aspects of technology to enhance teaching and learning. Given that social networking and web-based and mobile technologies have become an integral part of young people's everyday lives, educators have become increasingly aware of the need to incorporate these social media tools in the learning process. The impetus for the action research presented in this paper was born from a desire to promote English language communication through introducing social media tools, such as Edmodo and Glogster. The aim was to explore how a variety of tasks and activities are employed and received by both students and teachers.
Self-Expressiveness as Consumers' Motivation to Share Online Video Advertisements in Jakarta
Authors: Anggraeni Adilla , Diandra Sarah
Published: November 2016

This study is a replication study of Self-Enhancement as a Motivation for Sharing Online Advertising by David G. Taylor, David Strutton, and Kenneth Thompson (2012). This study involves two different types of advertisement; one for low involvement product (mineral water) and one of high involvement product (mobile phone service provider). The result of this study shows that product category involvement increases consumer self-expressiveness. The regression output provides indication that there is a direct positive linear relationship between product category involvement and self-expressiveness. The findings of this study would be beneficial for managers in advertising industry especially in online advertising industry. It provides the marketing manager with helpful information to formulate online advertisement that aims to go viral by maximizing the use of digital media. It helps the marketer to better understand the consumer motives behind their decision to share advertisement. This could be useful in designing the appropriate promotion strategy.
Profitability of Indian Firms in Foreign Direct Investment
Authors: Kumar Manoj
Published: November 2016

This paper identifies key factors that determine the profitability of Indian firms abroad by using panel-data regression models on new, large-scale, subsidiary-level data over the 2009-2015 period. The results show that the determinants of subsidiary profits differ across host regions, suggesting that the economic and institutional factors specific to host regions influence significantly the profit performances of overseas subsidiaries. While the size effect on the subsidiary profitability is present in all the regions, other effects, such as experience, local supplier networks, local sales and macroeconomic conditions affect the performance of subsidiaries in a different manner by region.
Exploratory Study on the Stability of Consumer Rationality in Judging Online Reviews
Authors: Nakayama Makoto
Published: November 2016

Consumers are often asked valuate the quality of online reviews. However, they often misjudge the true value of reviews because their thoughts on reviews are not well formed with criteria. This exploratory study conducted stylized survey-based experiments using 217 consumers. Consumers typically underestimate the value of reviews because they do not always use valuation criteria when reading reviews. The extent of such underestimations ranges from 12% to 15% for goods with objective attributes like electronic products. In addition, nearly half of the consumers revised their review valuations upon taking a second look at the same review for these goods. Close to one-third of the consumers changed their review valuations for subjective goods like music albums. Such valuation changes are specific to consumer profiles. Their predominant emotional sentiment also has a varying effect on subjective and non-subjective goods.
Comprehending Technology Attachment In The Case Of Smart Phone-Applications
Authors: Roy Souvik , Ponnam Abhilash , Mandal Santanu
Published: November 2016

The purpose of this paper is to comprehend the causes and outcomes of smart phone application retention. To address this question, the authors propose a construct called app attachment and establish antecedents and consequences of the same. This study conceptualizes attachment with smart phone application as app attachment from a brand attachment perspective. Accordingly, app attachment is viewed as a two-dimensional construct composing of two measurement constructs namely app-self connection and app-prominence. Based on insights from information technology literature and marketing perspectives, antecedents, and consequents of app attachment are identified. Structural equation modeling was used for confirming the relationship of app attachment with proposed antecedents and consequences. On the managerial front, this paper explicates various strategies that a manager should adopt to improve app retention amongst its targeted users.
The Influence of Microstructure, Temperature and Sintering Level on Electric Properties of Electrical Insulators Obtained from Raw Materials of Rio Grande do Norte - Brazil
Authors: Chibério da Silva Elialdo , Gonçalves Joel Nogueira , Lima Pedro Henrique da Silva , Chibério Paulo Henrique , Acchar Wilson , Gomes Uilame Umbelino
Published: November 2016

The technical porcelain is usually obtained by mixing different raw materials, which are generally clay, kaolin, quartz, and a fluxing agent, in appropriate amounts. These porcelains are used in the production of electric and electronic devices for several applications, ranging from high and low power capacitors to low, medium, high and extra high voltage insulators. In this work, we studied technological properties of dielectric porcelain, obtained from raw materials found in large quantities and excellent quality in the Rio Grande do Norte state in Brazil. Test samples were produced by powder technology for two different compositions: composition A (20% clay, 28% kaolin, 32% feldspar and 20% quartz) and composition B (15% clay, 31% kaolin, 33% feldspar and 21% quartz), and sintered at temperatures, T1=1150°C, T2=1200°C, T3=1250°C, T4=1300°C and T5=1350°C with isotherms P1=0.5 hours, P2=1 hour, P3=1.5 hours and P4=2 hours. Then after sintered, the sample microstructure was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and analysis of dielectric strength with direct and alternating voltage. The best results for electrical properties were obtained in temperature of 1250oC for composition A, and confirms the electrotechnical porcelain production feasibility.
Synthesis and Characterization of Nanostructured Calcium Phosphates: Colloidal Suspension Rheological Study
Authors: Eckstein Marli Baltazar Roesler , Camargo Nelson Heriberto Almeida , Mamani Camila Thais , Franczak Priscila Ferraz , Floriano-Silva Daiara , Possamai Maicon Douglas
Published: November 2016

Calcium phosphates bioceramics are a broad class of biomaterials, known by properties like biocompatibility and bioactivity in living tissues. The aim of this paper was the synthesis by wet method and characterization of nanostructured calcium phosphate powders in the Ca/P ratio of 1.67molar and rheological evaluation of the colloidal suspension during the synthesis: suspension viscosity with variable shear rate. Morphological characterization was performed for the hydrated nanostructured calcium phosphate powder by scanning electron microscopy with field effect, crystallography by X-Ray diffractometry, chemical characterization by Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy. The results demonstrated that varying the shear rate has a direct influence on the viscosity values according to time. This result may contribute to the development of a synthesis methodology for nanostructured calcium phosphate powders.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Nanostructured Matrix of Hydrated Calcium Phosphate
Authors: Possamai Maicon Douglas , Camargo Nelson Heriberto Almeida , Floriano-Silva Daiara , Eckstein Marli Baltazar Roesler , Franczak Priscila Ferraz
Published: November 2016

Bone reconstruction biomaterials are topics of interest in dentistry, orthopedics, scientific, commercial. The most popular bone repairing and reconstruction biomaterials are calcium phosphates. The demand for biomaterials is associated with the chemical and crystallographic characteristics of the human bone apatite. The wet synthesis method is common in the production of nanostructured powders of hydrated calcium phosphates, providing nanoparticles with sizes less than 50nm. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize hydrated calcium phosphate powders in the molar ratio of Ca/P = 1.67. After calcination at temperature 900°C/2h, these powders provide nanostructured hydroxyapatite matrix. The characterization studies were performed with Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-rays diffraction and Infrared Spectroscopy by Fourier Transform. The results show that the synthesis method provides hydrated calcium phosphate powders formed by aggregated and agglomerated nanoparticles. The thermal treatment of hydrated calcium phosphate powder led to formation of hydroxyapatite matrix.
Part I - Sinterability of Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials Obtained from Fossilized Calcareous Shells for Biomedical Applications
Authors: Mamani Camila Thais , Floriano-Silva Daiara , Camargo Nelson Heriberto Almeida , Possamai Maicon Douglas , Eckstein Marli Baltazar Roesler
Published: November 2016

Failures, infections, tumors are some bone defects causes. To repair these defects, studies show calcium phosphate bioceramics, which have been chemical and crystallographic similarity with the human bone and are biocompatible, favoring the interaction of these with vivo organisms, for bone repair. These biomaterials can be obtained from different synthesis methods. The powders, in this study, were obtained by wet method, using alternative raw material calcium carbonate from fossilized calcareous shells. The present paper aimed to elaborate and characterize different calcium phosphate ratio compositions: (i)1.4; (ii)1.6 and (iii)1.7 molar, sintered for 2 hours at 1100°C and 1200°C, further these powders were compressed in forms of cylinders. The characterization was realized by X-Ray Fluorescence (XFR), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). The chemical and physical results shown small variations according to the Ca/P molar ratio and temperature increases.
Properties of ZrO2(Y2O3) Used as Metal-Free Dental Restorations
Authors: dos Santos Claudinei , Habibe Carolina Hartung , Habibe Alexandre Fernandes , Magnago Roberto de Oliveira
Published: November 2016

In this work, pre-sintered zirconia ZrO2(Y2O3) ceramics were characterized aiming its acceptance in standard ISO 6872:2015 (Dentistry-Ceramic Materials). Pre-sintered zirconia blocks were sintered at 1450oC, 1500oC, 1530oC or 1600oC. Sintered samples were sanded, polished and characterized by relative density, crystalline phase, microstructure, hardness, fracture toughness, bending strength, translucence and dilatometry. The results indicated that the ceramic studied presents hardness superior to 1200HV, fracture toughness of 8MPa.m1/2 and bending strength superior to 900MPa. Zirconia sintered at temperature of 1600oC, presented exaggerated grain growth which reduces the material toughness. With the porosity decreasing and the grain growth increasing it happens the increase of translucence, but the mechanical aspects must be analyzed carefully, in order to establish zirconia reliability for using it in dental prostheses.
Rheological Characterization of Aqueous ZrO2-Suspension for Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Araújo Micheline dos Reis , Gomes Cynthia M. , Steinborn Gabriele , Acchar Wilson , Günster Jens
Published: November 2016

Water-based suspensions from commercial Tetragonal stabilized zirconia (3Y-TZP) were produced and characterized with different contents of solids and two different dispersants. According to zeta potential measurements, 3Y-TZP particles showed basic surface characteristics and IEP of around 9 when in aqueous media. The critical volume fraction of solids was about 79.6 wt%, which hindered the processing of more concentrated slurries. Rheological measurements confirmed that well dispersed slurries could be obtained with solid content as high as 79.6 wt.%. The results showed that Triton X-114 was an effective dispersant for preparing well stabilized 3Y-TZP suspensions for the layer-wise slurry deposition process.
Chemical Attacks in Geopolymeric Materials by Sulfuric Acid and Hydrochloric Acid
Authors: da Silva André Miranda , Pereira Carlos Eduardo , Oliveira Costa Franciele , de Sousa Bianca Viana
Published: November 2016

The geopolymeric materials present a viable alternative as concretes, the durability of these materials is associated to expected environmental conditions and one of the problems is their corrosion. The objective of this study was to assess the durability of geopolymeric materials through the chemical attack by sulfuric and hydrochloric acids with 5% concentration. After synthesis of the geopolymeric materials, followed by curing at room temperature for 28 days and then the geopolymeric materials were subjected to cycles of chemical attacks, which consisted of periods of seven days of immersion and seven days of drying at room temperature, four cycles were provided. The geopolymeric materials were characterized and it was found that they exhibit adequate resistance to chemical attack, the adequate strength consisted of determining the mass loss in each cycle attack.
Corn Leaf Fibers Preparation and Characterization for Composite Obtention
Authors: Moreira T.M. , Seo Emília Satoshi Miyamaru
Published: November 2016

There is a global trend in seeking plant fibers to replace the synthetic fibers to obtain reinforced composites, aiming the use of renewable resources. In this context, this paper objective is to develop the process of corn leaf fibers preparations , characterize and adapt them for applications in the construction industry. Corn leaves were dried in room temperature, treated by mercerising (chemical process of attack on the fiber surface making it rough); then neutralized with acid solution and washed in running water. The characterization of the corn leaf fibers was performed by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence Spectrometry, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Thermogravimetry, specific mass and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry. The mercerizing treatment was effective, because the corn fibers have similar characteristics to synthetic fibers, leading to a possibility of new technological uses, besides the application in gas pipe manufacturing
X-Ray Image Comparison of Wind Turbine Blade Waste and EPS Waste Used as Aggregates in Portland Cement Concrete
Authors: Marques Márcio Alexandre , Antunes Maria Lúcia Pereira , Bini Marcos Minussi , de Castro Marcos Vinicius
Published: November 2016

Transforming industrial wastes into construction materials through recycling is a feasible alternative that contributes to reduce the consumption of natural resources. Besides, modern civil construction seeks strong lightweight building materials. Due to their low density, wind turbine blade manufacturing waste and EPS post-consumer packaging can be used for this purpose. Such work uses X-ray imaging to evaluate the spatial distribution of these wastes in Portland cement concrete. Test specimens were produced containing wind turbine blade waste replacing part of the gravel content, and EPS waste replacing part of the sand content. X-ray images of the test specimens reveal that the waste is distributed homogeneously in the matrix. Furthermore, the mechanical strength of these test specimens meets the requirements of the Brazilian technical standards for non-load bearing concrete blocks.
Concrete Production of Hot Asphalt Using Recycled Aggregates CDW
Authors: Brasileiro Luzana Leite , Pereira Fátima Maria de Souza , Vieira Pablo de Abreu , de Matos José Milton Elias
Published: November 2016

Every year, there is a considerable increase in the exploitation of deposits to supply the market for aggregates. On the other hand, so does the production of solid waste from construction and demolition waste (CDW). In 2010 Brazil approved the PNRS (National Policy on Solid Waste), which sets out how the country should have their waste, encouraging recycling and sustainability. As an alternative to the above problem, this paper aims to investigate the feasibility of partial and total replacement of the asphalt concrete aggregates by recycled aggregates from CDW in order to reduce the environmental impacts caused by the operation of quarries and give an adequate final destination the residue produced by man in construction. Were carried out five (05) projects mixture of: the first (parameter of our research) used only natural aggregates (0% CDW) in the second, third and fourth replaced 25%, 50% and 75% respectively of natural aggregate by the recycled aggregate and the fifth and last, used only recycled aggregates (100% CDW). They carried out the characterization of the aggregates by means of physico-chemical and mechanical, analyzing them with reference based on specific standards paving. For mixtures, they calculated the volumetric parameters and performed mechanical tests of tensile strength and stability. The results indicate that the recycled aggregate, in a defined proportion, can replace the natural aggregate in the flexible pavements
Synthesis and Characterization of Co/SBA-15 Catalysts
Authors: Oliveira Costa Franciele , Misael Carla Gabriela Azevedo , da Silva André Miranda , de Sousa Bianca Viana
Published: November 2016

The mesoporous silica SBA-15 molecular sieve has been widely studied due to its unidirectional mesoporous structure, its high average pore diameter, its high thermal and hydrothermal stability and its ability to absorb metal ions, allowing its use as support material for catalysts. This study aimed to synthesize the Co/SBA-15 catalyst, and characterize it through the techniques of X-ray diffraction, temperature programmed reduction (TPR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SBA-15 support was synthesized from the following molar composition of reaction mixture: 1TEOS: 0.017 P123: 5.7 HCl: 173 H2O: 40 EtOH, and after calcined at 550 °C for 6 hours. The Co/SBA-15 catalyst was prepared by incorporating 10% cobalt by wet impregnation. Through the X-ray diffractograms, it was found that the impregnation has not changed the structure of the material. RTP profiles showed the presence of peaks at different temperatures that may be caused by dispersion of the cobalt.
Evaluation of Incorporation of Dregs in Mortar Production in Replacement of Hydrated Lime
Authors: Santos Rodrigo Felipe , Alvarenga Rita de Cássia Silva Sant’Ana , Mendes Beatryz Cardoso , de Carvalho José Maria Franco , Pedroti Leonardo Gonçalves
Published: November 2016

The dregs is a residue from the cellulose production, and finding new ways to use it would be interesting to reduce environmental impacts. This study aimed at incorporating it into mortar mixture ratios to replace the hydrated lime. Different proportions of cement, sand and dregs were evaluated using the Simplex-Lattice method of experimental design, and it was analyzed water absorption coefficient, compressive strength and flexural strength. The model adjustment was made with seven points plus three axial points and in terms of pseudo-components. A linear model was adjusted for the first characteristic, and a quadratic model for the second and third characteristics. Larger rates of capillary suction and smaller resistance values were noticed with a larger amount of dregs. This experimental design proved feasible, allowing the obtainment of mixture ratios from pre-determined values of water absorption coefficient and resistance, and making more objective the addition of dregs to mortar mixtures.
Study of the Sintering Dental Ceramic Waste from ZrO2-Y2O3 System
Authors: Silva L.B. , Acchar Wilson , Silva Vamberto Monteiro
Published: November 2016

During processing of zirconia blocks, where they are used for different dental implants type, most of the loosed material as a powder is subsequently discarded. Besides damage to the environment, waste of material results in financial losses, resulting in higher final cost of treatment. The yttria stabilized zirconia (Y-TZP) has a variety of applications due to it is combination of high strength and fracture toughness. The objective was to reuse zirconia waste analyzing the effects of sintering temperature. The starting materials used in this study were two different powders of ceramic system ZrO3-Y2O3: commercial zirconia nanoparticle and microparticle zirconia waste. The raw material was shaped by uniaxial and isostatic pressing and then sintered at 1500, 1550 and 1600 ° C over 1 hour. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and dilatometry were used to powder characterization. After sintering density / porosity, flexural strength, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were realized .The waste showed similar values of density, and grain size to commercial material studied, confirming that it can be reused.
Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B Dye through Zinc Oxide Obtained by High Energy Milling
Authors: Dias Jeferson Almeida , Arantes Vera Lúcia , Ramos Alfeu Saraiva , Giraldi Tania Regina , Minucci Marília Zani , Maestrelli Sylma Carvalho
Published: November 2016

The heterogeneous photocatalysis has been developed to treatment of recalcitrant organic effluents such as the dyes. The chemical reactions occur on a semiconductor surface exposed to electromagnetic radiation. The objective of this study was evaluate the high energy milling as a mechanism to obtain fine powders of ZnO to utilization in photocatalysis. Raw ZnO was characterized by X-Ray diffraction, BET, sedigraph and Helium pycnometry and it was milled during four and ten hours in dry and wet media. The milled powders were characterized by X-Ray diffraction and they were evaluated in photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B dye. The results showed high purity of the powders before and after milling and the photocatalytic efficiency was function of processing conditions. The average half-life time for the dye varied between of 990.2 and 7.6 min wherein the powder obtained by four hours in dry media milling showed the best results of photodegradation.
Microstructural Evaluation of Clayey Ceramic Incorporated with Sludge from Paper Manufacturing
Authors: Vieira Carlos Maurício Fontes , Pinheiro Regina Maria , Monteiro Sergio Neves
Published: November 2016

This work has for objective to evaluate the microstructure of clayey ceramic incorporated with a waste in the form of sludge generated during treatment of effluent of a paper making industry. The microstructure of ceramics incorporated with 0 and 10 wt.% of waste, and then fired at 600°C, was evaluated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the waste changes the microstructure of the clayey ceramic increasing the porosity, as well as forming new crystalline phases, mainly with calcium compounds.
Viability of Sugarcane Bagasse Ash as Precursor Material to Solar Absorbers Films
Authors: de Medeiros Ithyara Dheylle Machado , Gomes Kelly Cristiane , da Silva Neto José Felix
Published: November 2016

The availability of fossil resources decreases over the years, constituting a problem that needs to be properly treated. In this context, it is necessary the exploration of alternative and renewable sources of energy, particularly the use of solar energy incident on the planet. The aim of this work is to examine the feasibility of the application of sugarcane bagasse ash as a precursor material for obtaining an inorganic polymer that will form the absorber film for use in solar collectors for medium and high temperature. Through mechanical particle size separation of ash and its physicochemical characterization, it was possible to prove that the chemical and mineralogical composition of the raw material is favorable for use in alkaline synthesis Furthermore, the ash particle size large achieved the best results of properties optical and microstructural, favoring its application to obtain films to be applied to selective surface. It was also observed that the metallic copper substrate had the best interaction with the film providing the best results in absorption of ultraviolet visible region.
Graphite Dispersions as a Basis for Development of High Thermal Conductivity Fluids
Authors: Potensa Bruno Santos , Calixto Carlos Henrique Peres , Lanfredi Silvania , Nobre Marcos A.L.
Published: November 2016

Both conductivity and thermal resistivity measurements of commercial graphite dispersions in non-aqueous polar fluids and non-polar fluids were carried out. Fluids exhibiting different densities as: mineral oil, ethylene glycol, glycerin bidistilled and liquid vaseline were used. Dispersions of commercial graphite containing 5, 10, 20, 40, 60 and 80 weight percent were prepared by sonication technique. The thermal conductivity of each fluid increases as a function of the increasing of the volumetric density of fluid and of the fraction of graphite. Values of thermal conductivity of graphite dispersion were at around ten times higher than that value of the base-fluid. Effects of processing parameters of graphite dispersions on the magnitude of its thermal conductivity are discussed.
Evaluation of Mechanochemical and Hydrothermal Transformations in a Wet-Milled Alumina by Transmission Electron Microscopy and Thermal Analysis
Authors: Yoshimura Humberto Naoyuki , de Lima Maurício Batista , Santos Sydney Ferreira , Ortega Fernando dos Santos
Published: November 2016

Milling and hydrothermal treatment of alumina powders in aqueous medium can result in surface transformations generating aluminum hydroxides. The aim of this work was to advance the understanding on these transformations. A α-alumina powder was ball milled in water at different pHs for 10 h, and then autoclaved (150 °C, 3 atm, 3 h). The powders were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry simultaneously with thermogravimetry, X-ray diffraction, and infrared spectroscopy. It was observed that milling in basic medium caused the formation of doyleite [Al (OH3)] nanoparticles, which were fully converted to boehmite (AlOOH) by hydrothermal treatment. The boehmite fraction determined by thermal analysis was 1.7 wt%. The powder milled in acid medium had no mechanochemical and hydrothermal transformations.
The Influence of a Nickel Precursor on the Synthesis of Nanosized NiO Material Using the Hydrothermal Method: Characterization and Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Methanol
Authors: Oliveira Marília Evelyn Rodrigues , Nobre Francisco Xavier , dos Santos Jr. José Ribeiro , de Matos José Milton Elias
Published: November 2016

Nickel oxide (NiO) was prepared by the hydrothermal method using hydrogen peroxide to form a nickel peroxide complex, and irregular spherical and rod-shaped NiO nanoparticles were obtained. The factors that influence the physical properties of NiO nanoparticles were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), isothermal gas adsorption/desorption by Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. This study found that the precursor salt chosen (nickel acetate or nickel nitrate) significantly affected the shape, particle size, and surface area of the synthesized nanosized NiO powders. The ratio of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to nickel nitrate or acetate and the heating rate of calcinations were also important in determining the physical properties of the nanosized NiO. The unmodified PAni electrode shows no activity for the methanol oxidation reaction in 0.1 M NaOH. However, the nickel-modified PAni electrode is a good catalyst for this reaction and high current densities can be reached. The height of the oxidation peak of methanol increases by increasing the alcohol concentration. The results indicate that the reaction of the electro-oxidation of methanol is an activation-controlled proceeding by a direct chemical reaction with NiO(OH) for thin nickel oxides and by charge transfer with the electrode for thick oxides.
Production and Characterization of Carbon Thin Films by the Magnetron Sputtering Technique
Authors: Silva D.L.C. , Kassab L.R.P , Martinelli J.R. , Santos A.D. , Pillis M.F.
Published: November 2016

Carbon thin films were produced by the magnetron sputtering technique. The deposition of the carbon films was performed on Co buffer-layers previously deposited on c-plane (0001) sapphire substrates. The samples were thermally treated under vacuum conditions and characterized by Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The XRD peak related to the carbon film was observed and the Raman spectroscopy indicated a good degree of crystallinity of the carbon film.
Optical and Structural Properties of Lanthanum Chromite Synthesized by Microwave Assisted Self-Combustion Method
Authors: Pimentel Patrícia Mendonça , Ferreira Kaique Matheus Barbosa , Gomes Danielle Karinne Souza , Costa Asenete Frutuoso , Melo Dulce Maria de Araújo , Oliveira Rosane Maria Pessoa Betânio
Published: November 2016

Lanthanum chromite is a perovskite oxide type, which exhibit high mechanical and chemical stability, high electric conductivity for use in SOFC and catalytic activity for the oxidation reaction. However, their optical properties have not yet been studied. The aim of this study was to synthesize lanthanum chromite by the microwave assisted self-combustion method for use as ceramic pigment. The resulting precursor powders were calcined at 800 to 1000 ° C to obtain the perovskite phase and characterized by X-ray diffraction, followed by Rietveld refinement, UV-Visible and colorimetry. The results revealed porous powders, nanometric, and single-phase with orthorhombic perovskite structure. There was few change in the colorimetric parameters, the chromites presented colours with gray tones which became darker in the calcined powder at higher temperatures.