bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment the thermoforming effect on the physical and mechanical properties of different thermoplastic orthodontic retainers: An in vitro study
Authors: Hamid Doaa N. , AL-Khatieeb Mustafa M.
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVES:

As patients are instructed to wear thermoplastic retainers for the rest of their lives, the durability of the materials is a critical factor in evaluating whether the expense is justified. This study examined the physical and mechanical properties of three different thermoplastic retainer materials before and after thermoforming (BT and AT).

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Clear Advantage Series I, Clear Advantage Series II, and Leone types were used, with each material having a thickness of 1 mm. The materials’ tensile force, hardness, and water absorption tests have been measured for 90 thermoformed and 90 non-thermoformed specimens (30 specimens from each material).

RESULTS:

The tensile force, hardness, and water absorption values of all the materials differed significantly (P ≤ 0.05) BT. Additionally, the majority of the materials showed significant differences in water absorption, hardness, and tensile force (P ≤ 0.05) AT, except the Leone materials, and Clear Advantage Series I did not significantly differ in the case of hardness value. All studied materials showed an increase in hardness and water absorption AT (P ≤ 0.05). At the same time, all of the studied materials showed a significant decrease in tensile force after thermoforming.

CONCLUSION:

Thermoforming increases the material’s water absorption while decreasing its stiffness, affecting its mechanical and physical properties. Clear Advantage Series II (PP) stood out with superior flexibility, wear resistance, and minimal water absorption compared to other materials, highlighting its durability and superiority.
Adult orthodontic consultations in private dental practice: How much information do patients remember when they leave the surgery?
Authors: Grybaite Ausra , Awawdeh Mohammed , Singh Parmjit
Published: November 2024

OBJECTIVE:

With good communication and information retention being key aspects of valid consent, this study aimed to assess adult patient information recall immediately after an orthodontic consultation.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

Adults interested in bracket-based or clear aligners were invited to take part at a single private dental practice. A 45-minute consultation with one of three general dental practitioners (GDPs) primarily providing orthodontics took place. A participant self-completed questionnaire tested recall of 20 items from the consultation. Demographics such as gender, age, level of English, education level, previous orthodontic experience and having a close family member or friend who had orthodontic treatment were also recorded.

RESULTS:

Forty-two participants completed the questionnaire, and the information recall rate was 75% (mean score = 15). Three of the 42 participants recalled all 20 items. No statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) were found between information recall and any demographic variable, however, older participants (36 years and over) scored less (mean = 13.83) than participants 18-25 years (mean = 15.6).

CONCLUSIONS:

A quarter of information provided during an orthodontic consultation with a GDP in a private dental practice cannot be recalled immediately afterwards by patients and so it is recommended that any verbal or visual information is always supplemented with written information.
Leveraging Artificial Intelligence for Effective Campaigns against Smoking
Authors: Bhandari Saurabh , Yemineni Bhavan C. , Vadapalli Kiranmai , Kundu Himadri , Arya Ashtha , Laddha Rashmi
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Smoking remains a significant public health challenge worldwide, with numerous adverse health effects and social consequences. Despite efforts to curb smoking rates through various campaigns and interventions, the battle against smoking continues. In recent years, the application of artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the effectiveness of antismoking campaigns. This review paper examines the current landscape of AI applications in campaigns against smoking, highlighting its potential benefits, challenges, and future directions. Through a comprehensive analysis of relevant literature and case studies, this paper provides insights into how AI can be leveraged to design and implement more targeted, personalized, and impactful antismoking initiatives. Additionally, it discusses the ethical considerations and potential limitations associated with AI-driven approaches in this context.
Evaluation of the Effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride on Discoloration of Teeth Filled with Composite Resin Restoration: In vitro Study
Authors: Sakr Ola M. , Alharbi Amirah M. , Alkhuwaiter Shahad S.
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Discoloration of teeth is one of the undesirable consequences of silver diamine fluoride (SDF).

Aims and Objectives:

This study aimed to evaluate the scientific evidence regarding the effect of SDF on tooth discoloration filled with composite resin restoration in different periods.

Materials and Methods:

Forty-five extracted human premolar permanent teeth are obtained from periodontal therapy or orthodontic therapy. The teeth are divided into groups A, B, and C (n = 15) in which group A served as the control group and only received composite restoration. The other two groups received composite applications on one of two schedules (immediately after the SDF application vs. delayed by 4 weeks after the SDF application).

Results:

There was no statistical difference in color changes either with immediate or delayed composite application to treated teeth with SDF.

Conclusion:

Under laboratory conditions, delayed application of composite after SDF shows less discoloration than the immediate composite application.
Effects of Knowledge and Attitude, E-Health Literacy, and Health Self-Efficacy on COVID-19 Vaccine Intention in India
Authors: Chandra Anamika , Sharma Devina , Pandya Apurvakumar , Datey Arpit , Singh Ashu
Published: November 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:

A number of strategies were used to stop the COVID-19 worldwide pandemic. The most promising method for saving people against the pandemic proved to be vaccination.

Aims and Objectives:

The current study aims to determine and examine the factors influencing the intentions for COVID-19 vaccine uptake in the Indian population.

Materials and Methods:

Accordingly, a survey was performed to obtain information regarding attitude and intentions on vaccination against COVID-19, knowledge on vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, e-health literacy. Using Smart PLS version 4, structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data.

Results and Conclusion:

E-health literacy indirectly caused variance in COVID-19 vaccine intentions, whereas knowledge and attitude (β =0.685) and health self-efficacy (β =0.673) directly influenced COVID-19 vaccine intentions.
Unusual Presentation of Spontaneous Bilateral Nasal Septal Abscess: A Case Report and Literature Review
Authors: Erwe Ibrahem Hamad , Alqarni Ahmed Yahya , Asiry Ali Jaber , Alqahtani Abdulrahman J. , Alzubaidi Atheer Abdulaziz
Published: November 2024

Spontaneous nasal septal abscess (NSA) is a relatively uncommon medical condition associated with a heightened risk of severe complications and unfavorable outcomes. Despite only a limited number of the reported cases involving immunocompetent individuals, we present a unique instance involving a 34-year-old healthy male. Following diagnosis, the patient received prompt treatment resulting in excellent outcomes during subsequent follow-ups. Our case report includes a comprehensive analysis of published cases in the literature pertaining to spontaneous nasal septal hematoma and abscess. It is noteworthy that even individuals without preexisting risk factors or a history of trauma can develop a spontaneous NSA or hematoma. Recognizing the condition early and intervening promptly are crucial factors in mitigating potentially serious risks associated with this condition.
On Riemannian and Ricci curvatures of homogeneous Finsler manifolds
Authors: Tayebi A.
Published: November 2024

The famous Cheng-Shen’s conjecture in Riemann-Finsler geometry claims that every n-dimensional closed W-quadratic Randers manifold is a Berwald manifold. In this paper, first we study the Riemann and Ricci curvatures of homogeneous Finsler manifolds and obtain some rigidity theorems. Then, by using this investigation, we construct a family of W-quadratic Randers metrics which are not R-quadratic nor strongly Ricci-quadratic.
La RSC como herramienta de comunicación estratégica de los centros educativos concertados de Madrid (España)
Authors: Solano Santos Luis Felipe , De Julián Latorre Patricia , Martín Critikián Davinia
Published: November 2024

Introducción: Las relaciones públicas y la comunicación son esenciales para los colegios concertados. Ante desafíos como la disminución de la natalidad y la escasez de profesorado preparado, es crucial diferenciarse y mejorar la reputación. La Responsabilidad Social Corporativa (RSC) emerge como una herramienta estratégica para atraer y retener talento, alumnos y mejorar la imagen para asegurar la supervivencia de los colegios concertados. Metodología: Este trabajo pretende estudiar cómo realizan la RSC los centros concertados de Madrid a través de la realización de entrevistas semiestructuradas a los responsables de comunicación de los centros, de una encuesta a las familias y del análisis de contenido de sus redes sociales y páginas web. Se añade una propuesta final que pretende ser de ayuda a los colegios que quieran comenzar a utilizar la RSC dentro de su plan de comunicación. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos reflejan una falta de conocimiento sobre comunicación y RSC por parte de los dircoms. Las redes sociales no recogen las acciones de RSC realizadas, sin embargo, la percepción de los padres sobre la contribución que sus colegios a labores sociales y medioambientales es positiva. Discusión: Existe falta de coherencia entre lo que perciben las familias, lo que realiza el colegio, lo que se comunica y los conocimientos de los responsables de comunicación en el ámbito de la RSC. Conclusiones: Los colegios concertados realizan acciones de RSC porque va implícito en su proyecto educativo, pero no las utilizan como herramienta de comunicación estratégica y son muy limitadas.
The Potency of Centella asiatica Leaf Extract on VEGF Expression and Angiogenesis in Second-Degree Burn Wound in Mice
Authors: Utoyo Frederick Surya , Widowati Wahyu , Ratnawati Hana
Published: November 2024

Burn injuries present a significant global health challenge, with the highest incidence rates reported in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia. Healing burn wounds is a complex and dynamic process involving various cellular and molecular mechanisms, prominently featuring the role of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) in tissue regeneration and wound repair. VEGF is crucial for inducing and regulating angiogenesis and supplying oxygen and nutrients to the healing tissue. This study aims to evaluate the potential of pegagan (Centella asiatica) leaf extract cream 1%, 3%, and 5% daily for 14 days in enhancing VEGF expression and angiogenesis in second-degree burn wounds in mice (Mus musculus). This study investigates the application of C. asiatica extract cream on second-degree burn wounds in mice, comparing its effects on VEGF protein expression and angiogenesis to those of base cream and silver sulfadiazine cream, with outcomes evaluated using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining methods. Our findings suggest that C. asiatica extract cream promotes reduced burn wound size, significant upregulated VEGF expression, and enhanced angiogenesis in treating burn wounds compared to positive control, with a 5% dose having the best result. The study concludes that C. asiatica extract cream may effectively treat burn wound healing through enhancing  VEGF expression and angiogenesis.
Optimization of Genetic Material Extraction Techniques and Application of Isothermal Amplification Method for Field Authentication of Two Thresher Sharks (Alopias pelagicus and Alopias superciliosus)
Authors: Aldina Vatia Dwi Rizki Ramadhani , Abdullah Asadatun , Rianti Puji , Jacoeb Agoes Mardiono
Published: November 2024

The pelagic thresher shark (Alopias pelagicus) and bigeye thresher shark (Alopias superciliosus) are important shark species for Indonesia's consumption and finning industry. Both Alopias species are included in the CITES appendix II, thus requiring certain documents for trading. Regarding species identification for on-site application, the DNA isolation method is a crucial step. In this study, we developed a DNA isolation method suitable for on-site application based on isothermal amplification (LAMP)  and species-specific COI gene markers. Three different extraction methods were applied, namely modified spin column kits and dipsticks. The quality of DNA was evaluated and tested for isothermal amplification using a reference sample, fresh fillet, and ethanol-preserved sample. The extracted sample concentration was in the range of 135.35-0.65 ng/μL. The LAMP test showed that three different DNA extraction methods successfully amplified the DNA fragments through the color changes at the end point of the LAMP reaction. The LAMP test was also sufficient to detect less than 10 ng of DNA from A. pelagicus and A. superciliosus within 30-50 min. The DNA from the modified spin column and dipstick extraction method combined with LAMP can potentially be used to detect Alopias pelagicus and Alopias superciliosus species on-site.
Small But Healthy: An Adaptive Response in Baduy Children
Authors: Rohmatullayaly Eneng Nunuz , Shelvie Raffiza Nasihin  , Kharisma Nurinsani Maulidinda  , Sinta Septi Pangastuti  , Tetri Widiyani
Published: November 2024

Life history explains natural selection, resulting in phenotypic plasticity that can be studied through the growth pattern (growth rate and body size). The Baduy People, one of the indigenous peoples in Indonesia, exhibit prolonged growth, a slow growth rate, a low peak growth spurt, and small adult size as an adaptation to challenging biocultural conditions. The life history trade-offs of the Baduy People are demonstrated by ontogenetic allometry, which synchronizes between skeletal growth and future reproduction. The study aims to characterize the growth of Baduy children aged 0-5 years with more precise ‘tracking’ of developmental plasticity. We collected anthropometric data (body height-BH, body weight-BW, head circumference-HC, body mass index-BMI) using a cross-sectional method from 118 girls and 97 boys aged 0-5 years across 24 Baduy Luar hamlets. Data were analyzed   with Generalized Additive Models for Location, Scale, and Shape (GAMLSS) in R version 4.2.1. Nutritional statuses were categorized based on the BMI z-score. The growth pattern showed a decline in growth rate after birth until 2 or 3 years, but the body size increased yearly. The body size (BH and BW) of Baduy children   is lower than the Indonesian National Synthetic Growth Charts (INSGC), but most of them have a good nutritional status (>80%). This finding is consistent with the "small but healthy" hypothesis: a small body is an advantageous evolutionary strategy for energy efficiency and maximizing growth potential in challenging biocultural conditions.
Evaluation of Phenotypic and Genetic Characteristics of Dryobalanops aromatica (Dipterocarpaceae) Seedlings Growing in Peat and Mineral Media
Authors: Dwiyanti Fifi Gus , Kustiyarini Nur Fadila , Kamiya Koichi , Rachmat Henti Hendalastuti , Majiidu Muhammad , Wati Ridha , Siregar Iskandar Zulkarnaen
Published: November 2024

The selection of tree species suitable for restoration in diverse site conditions is still a challenge. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the phenotypic and genetic characteristics of Dryobalanops aromatica seedlings growing in mineral soil media and peat media. Phenotypic characteristics were evaluated by analyzing the growth performance, leaf morphological characteristics, leaf color, and chlorophyll content, while genetic characteristics were evaluated by using microsatellite markers. The study revealed that seedlings planted in peat media exhibited greater height and shoot length growth, although the difference was not statistically significant compared to those in mineral soil media. However, seedlings in mineral soil media displayed a significantly higher survival rate than those in peat media. Peat-grown seedlings had higher chlorophyll content in their leaves, while mineral soil-grown seedlings displayed a lighter green leaf color based on digital analysis. Genetic analysis indicated a high genetic diversity of overall D. aromatica seedlings (He = 0.635) and unclear genetic structure between the two media. Overall, these findings demonstrate the successful adaptation of D. aromatica seedlings to peat media, positioning them as a promising choice for peatland restoration.
Characterisation of ACE2-like Enzyme from Bacillus cereus sp. as an Alternative Treatment for COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Maulida Alya Sendra , Anggraeni Novi Arie , Fibriani Azzania
Published: November 2024

SARS-CoV-2 infection can lead to downregulation of ACE2, raising pro-inflammatory Angiotensin II levels. Recombinant human ACE2 protein therapy can restore homeostasis but is costly. An alternative is an ACE2-like enzyme with similar effects. The previous research identified a carboxypeptidase protein from Bacillus cereus sp. (rBceCP) as a potential ACE2-like enzyme, but it has not been characterized well. This study characterizes, expresses, and tests the activity of the rBceCP). rBceCP structure and properties were predicted using Prabi and Expasy. The in vitro approach included protein expression optimization, hydrolysis tests, and inhibition tests. In silico analysis revealed the protein is a homodimer with 53.66% α-helix and a molecular weight of 58.99 kDa. The protein is stable, hydrophilic, and has an isoelectric point at pH 4.93, indicating it can be expressed using the E. coli system. Expression of rBceCP showed no significant differences across IPTG concentrations (p-value >0.05). The protein hydrolysis activity of rBceCP was similar to the control, though purified samples had lower activity than crude samples. Inhibition activity in crude and purified samples showed no significant differences (p-value >0.05) and was higher than the control. Thus, rBceCP has potential as an ACE2-like enzyme and a therapeutic candidate for COVID-19.
Dynamic Changes of Gut Microbiome in Borneo Earless Monitor Lizard Across Different Diets
Authors: Diana Milsa Solva , Fitri Ainissya , Anja Meryandini , Ridwan Roni
Published: November 2024

The Borneo earless monitor lizard (Lanthanotus borneensis) is one of the endemic animals of Indonesia. In 2019, the IUCN listed L. borneensis as an ‘endangered’ species. The declining population of the L. borneensis is a major concern for conservation efforts. One of the efforts to conserve endangered wild animals is to know the gut microbiome profile and the relationship between the host and the bacterial community in the body, which is associated with an influence on health. This research aims to determine the gut microbiome profile of  animals with metagenomic analysis using Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS). This research was carried out by providing three feed types: earthworms, shrimp, and fish. Sample feces was collected by cloacal swabs and the DNA was sequenced using the Illumina NGS technique in the V4 16S rRNA region to examine the gut microbiome. The results of the metagenomic analysis showed differences in bacterial abundance in each feed treatment. The L. borneensis treated with earthworms and fish were dominated at the phylum level by Proteobacteria and Bacteriodota, while in shrimp, the phyla were Proteobacteria and Firmicutes. Index Shanon, Simpson, and the rarefaction curve also showed the highest bacterial diversity found in the fish treatment. This study can be used as a reference in designing suitable feed formulations for effective captive breeding for the conservation of L. borneensis
Distribution and Utilization of Musa spp. by Nocte Tribe in Tirap District, Arunachal Pradesh, India
Authors: Walung Songthing  , Pangging Govinda , Singh S. Sureshkumar
Published: November 2024

The present study emphasized the distribution and utilization of both wild and domesticated Musa spp. of the Nocte tribe from Tirap district, Arunachal Pradesh. An extensive field survey was conducted from July to October 2023. A total of 62 households were surveyed randomly with the help of a semi-constructed questionnaire and personal interview. About 69% of the informants were from the age group of 31-60 years. About 84% live in a nuclear family type. Maximum informants were male (74.19%) and were married (80.64%). Only 17.75% of the informants were illiterate and were farmers (46.77%). In this study, 13 wild Musa spp. were reported from Tirap district, and 4 Musa spp. were found to be cultivated by the tribe. Of these, 76.47% were wild, and the rest were domesticated. M. itinerens had a widespread distribution range and occurred in various habitats between 155 and 1,711 masl altitudes. The highest use percentage was found in the Edible use category with 33%, followed by Ceremonies and Rituals (19%), Commercial uses (12%), and both Other and Packing purposes (10% each). Among the plant parts, inflorescences had the highest usage with 30%, followed by leaf (24%), pseudo stem (21%), etc. Among all Musa spp., M. itinerens had the highest number of usages (14 uses), followed by M. nagensium (12 uses).
Original Research Procedure as an Important Stage of Heritage Site Investigation: The Case of the Manor and Garden Complex in Wrocanka
Authors: Kuśnierz-Krupa Dominika , Hryniewicz Małgorzata , Bednarz Łukasz , Ivashko Oleksandr
Published: November 2024

This paper presents an original research procedure developed for a project that focuses on the restoration of the Gołaszewski Manor and Garden Complex in Wrocanka. The introductory section outlines the objectives, scope and methods of the tests and sub-procedures that make up the procedure in question, and then presents the results of the investigation, broken down into individual stages. The conclusion emphasises the role of the investigation in the properly conducted process of restoring the historic complex, which is subject to statutory conservation as a result of being listed in the register of monuments.
Load-and-go molecular diagnostics for human papilloma virus detection
Authors: Dakhave Minal
Published: November 2024

The present study describes analytical and clinical performance of the HPV 16 & 18 assay for the detection of HPV specific DNA with near point-of-care utility. A room temperature compatible real time PCR test was developed for detection and discrimination of HPV 16/18 in a single tube. The test was integrated and validated on Compact series automated platform for analytical performance (sensitivity, specificity, accuracy). The clinical evaluation was performed on cervico-vaginal specimens. The analytical sensitivity data showed dynamic range from 50 IU/mL to 1´106 IU/mL using NIBSC international standard (19/224 for HPV16 and HPV18). The test was found to be highly specific for both the HPV targets with no cross reactivity against other HPV genotypes (high and low risk) and similar pathogens. The clinical performance on cervical sampling indicated up to 100% agreement with a comparator test method. The HPV 16 and 18 detection assay employing an integrated automated system offers low to high-throughput analysis with a cost-effective, pipette-free approach, eliminating the need for molecular infrastructure and technical expertise. This test named “HPV 16 and 18 detection kit” has been approved by Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (India) for commercial utility, and would have significant implications for mass screening of cervical cancer.
Determination of allelic, phenotypic, and genotypic frequency of the distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups among Injibara University students, Ethiopia
Authors: Tsega Alemu
Published: November 2024

Aim: The aim of the current study is to determine the allelic, phenotypic, and genotypic frequencies of the ABO and Rh (D) blood type distributions among Injibara University students.

Method and Materials: Blood samples from 800 volunteer students were taken on 1st January 2024. A cross-sectional study design was performed. ABO and Rh (D) typing was done by antigen-antibody agglutination test using commercially available and standard anti-sera. Descriptive statistical measures on phenotypic frequency of ABO and Rh (D) blood types were described in simple percentages using SPSS version 26. The allelic and genotypic frequencies of the ABO and Rh blood groups were estimated using the assumption of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.

Results: The ABO and Rh (D) blood phenotypes, respectively, were found to be O (37.5%) > A (32.5%) > B (23.8%) > AB (6.3%) and Rh+ (96.6%) > Rh- (3.4%) and the combined ABO and Rh(D) blood groups were in the order O+ (36.4%) > A+ (31.5%) > B+ (22.9%) > AB+ (5.8%) and O- (1.1%) >A- (1.0%) > B- (0.9%) > AB- (0.5%). The allelic frequencies of the ABO blood group of r (IO), p (IA), and q (IB) were 0.612, 0.22, and 0.16, respectively (IO > IA > IB). The allelic frequencies for ID = 0.816 and for Id = 0.184 were found. The genotypic frequency of IOIO was the most frequent (0.38) while that of IBIB was the least frequent (0.07). Whereas, IDID was most frequent (0.67) and dd was the least frequent (0.034). The observed and expected frequencies of individuals having ABO blood group showed no significant difference (x2 = 1.566, df = 3; P < 0.05), and Rh (D) blood phenotypes of individuals were not significantly different (x2 = 0.0225, df = 1; P < 0.05), which fits Hardy-Weinberg assumptions.

Conclusion: The results of the survey showed that the O blood group was the most common, followed by A and B. The blood groups with the largest percentages in this study are O Rh+ (36.4%) and A Rh+ (31.5%), whereas the groups with the lowest ratios are AB Rh- (0.5%) and B Rh- (0.9%). The result and data obtained in the present study might be used as input for other scholars on safe blood transfusion practices in different regions of Ethiopia in the future.
From decay to decadence: Fungal alchemy in waste valorization
Authors: Mehta Prerna
Published: November 2024

Fungal alchemy harnesses fungi's enzymatic efficiency to naturally degrade synthetic plastics. Enzymes like cutinase and lipase, secreted by Aspergillus and Penicillium, break down plastics, while lignocellulolytic enzymes and oxidant ions aid in this process. Aspergillus nidulans, Bjerkandera adusta, and Pleurotus ostreatus drive bioenergy and genetic engineering innovations for a sustainable eco-friendly approach to plastic waste management and waste valorization.
Our experience in providing anesthesia during surgical interventions for necrotizing enterocolitis
Authors: E.M Nasibova , K.H.S Rahimova
Published: November 2024

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most common serious acquired diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, both in full-term and premature infants, and is associated with a high risk of complications and high mortality. Anesthetic management for necrotizing enterocolitis in newborns during surgery is a complex task and is still relevant, since the future fate of the patient depends on adequacy of the anesthesia used.

Purpose of the study: Optimization of anesthesia during surgery in newborns for necrotizing enterocolitis.

Material and research methods: The study was conducted in surgical clinics of the Azerbaijan Medical University. The paper presents the results of treatment of 96 patients based on the assessment of clinical indicators of preoperative preparation, anesthesiological care, and the study of central hemodynamics in newborns operated on for necrotizing enterocolitis. Newborns were divided into 2 groups depending on the method of anesthesia used: group I with general anesthesia and group II with general anesthesia using caudal anesthesia.

Results: The results of this study showed that effective interruption of nociceptive impulses from the surgical site through caudal blockade and sufficient sedation can prevent pronounced activation of the body's neurohumoral reactions to surgical stress under conditions of balanced regional anesthesia, and it was also revealed that the modern muscle relaxant rocuronium bromide allows the concept of multicomponent anesthesia to be implemented, causing complete relaxation of the striated muscles during surgery, which helps to effectively block pathological reactions in response to surgical stress.
Farm Crime Experiences and Effects on Livelihood in Awendo Sub County, Kenya
Authors: Odhiambo Phelix , M. Oruta Evans , Logiron Tioko
Published: November 2024

This study dealt with farm crime experiences and effects on livelihood in Awendo sub County in Kenya. The study employed a descriptive survey design, using the mixed methods research approach, with a sample of 384 respondents. The study used a questionnaire, an Interview schedule and Focus Group Discussion as sources of data. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics and thematic approach. Based on the findings, the study concluded that distinct patterns of farm crime victimization existed in Awendo. They involved offences like night attacks on isolated farms. The study found a rising trend in farm-related crimes, mainly when crops are ready for harvest. In response, local authorities and community leaders should implement targeted security patrols and community watch programs, focused on vulnerable farm locations, especially at night. Law enforcement agencies should raise farmers' awareness of the importance of environmental security measures, including improved lighting and fencing, especially during high-risk times.
Challenges Facing the Implementation of Primary Secondary School Competence-Based Curriculum in Same District, Tanzania
Authors: Juma Shiboko Msafiri , John Mrema Karoli
Published: November 2024

Competency-based curricula are increasingly popular in schools due to global challenges in science, technology and global market demand. This study explored challenges facing the implementation of a competence-based curriculum in public primary schools to pupils in Same District -Tanzania. The study employed mixed methods and convergent design, using a sample of 289 respondents from 32 public primary schools in Same District. The methods of data collection were questionnaires and interviews. The quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive statistics in terms of percentages and frequencies while qualitative data was analyzed using the thematic approach. Based on the findings, the study concluded that, the implementation of CBC is rendered ineffective due to lack of learner-centred interactive teaching strategies as required by the CBC. The study suggests that the government should organise in-service training for primary school teachers on CBC. It is also recommends provision of adequate instructional resources, such as ICT equipment and audio-visual materials.
Effect of Vertical Diversification on Sustainable Livelihoods among Fish Farmers in Kakamega County, Kenya
Authors: Linda Wesonga Mukoya Daisy , Ngala Consolata , Jairus Simiyu Edwin
Published: November 2024

This study examined the effect of vertical diversification on sustainable livelihoods among fish farmers. The study employs descriptive and survey research designs to collect data from 350 randomly selected fish farmers across the 12 sub-counties in Kakamega County, Kenya. Findings indicate that vertical diversification, through value addition, processing, and packaging, significantly impacts sustainable livelihoods. The results demonstrate that vertical diversification contributes to income gains, physical asset accumulation and social capital growth. The study concludes that fostering vertical diversification strategies, improving access to financial services and promoting cooperative farming models can significantly enhance the livelihoods of fish farmers. These findings underscore the need for policy interventions to support rural economic diversification. The study further recommends improvement of farmers’ access to financial services as well as promotion of cooperative farming for better outcomes.
Challenges Experienced in the Teaching and Learning of English in Multilingual Classrooms: A Case of a College in Ashanti, Ghana
Authors: K. Sombonah Gladys , Kwame Ankrah Gabriel , Korang Anthony
Published: November 2024

This study examined challenges experienced in the teaching and learning of English in a multilingual classrooms atmosphere, using the descriptive design. It took place at the Akrokeri College of Education in the Ashanti Region, Ghana. The study used a sample of 297 teachers and 67 teachers, using some sampling procedures. Data analysis took place through descriptive statistics in terms of frequencies and percentages. The study affirmed the existence of various challenges in the multilingual classroom, including weak linguistic background and learner anxiety. Others were communication-related issues and writing issues. While a good number of teachers demonstrated high proficiency in English, most of the students struggled. Based on these conclusions, the study recommended that teachers and students’ use of English language, both in and outside the classrooms, be maximized since frequent use of the language increases its mastery, which is beneficial in the process of teaching and learning in the multilingual classrooms.
The German language in its role as a scientific language – between tradition and lived reality
Authors: DEGENHART Jasmin
Published: November 2024

The following article is concerned with the contradictory language situation at Universities, primarily in German speaking countries. While students usually are being taught and read scripts in their national language, i.e. German, the scientific language has become more and more English. This situation creates a discrepancy between the language of teaching and the language of science and it is especially delicate when it comes to the different departments of philology or in general to the humanities. The question of how to overcome this discrepancy and how to prepare students for their scientific life is quite controversy and it also includes future technologies and its probable possibilities as well as limits.
Praxeological approaches to high school literature in the teaching of French in the Republic of Moldova
Authors: AVORNICЕSĂ Natalia
Published: November 2024

The evolution of literature in the foreign language class in recent years is determined by the appearance of the Complementary volume of the CECRL in 2018. From this perspective, the new trends in the teaching of the French language tend to include the recommendations and descriptors present in the document in question. This study aims are to identify the new role of literature in the formation of specific skills according to the National Curriculum for foreign language and thus to generalize the new approaches and elements of literature from a pragmatic point of view for high school classes in the Republic of Moldova, French as the first language of study or second.
The Role and Importance of Empowering Rural Communities for Rural Development in Afghanistan
Authors: Yar Fayaz Gul Mazloum , Musadiq Mahboobullah
Published: November 2024

Empowerment in Afghanistan’s rural areas has the potential to significantly transform rural residents' knowledge, attitudes, and work practices. Empowerment is fundamental for achieving development, as progress without empowering marginalized Afghan communities is often deemed unattainable. Empowering rural communities can be understood as a process of enhancing individuals' capacities to utilize their autonomy and mobilize local resources in productive and innovative ways within their communities. Any community development initiative rooted in local resources should aim to reduce poverty in diverse rural settings. Therefore, to foster local development and advancement, it is imperative to focus on empowering these communities by harnessing their talents and capabilities and utilizing natural, social, and advanced technological resources. This approach paves the way for community flourishing and sustainable development. This study aims to formulate strategies for managing rural empowerment aligned with sustainable development. Using a qualitative content analysis of relevant sources, data were collected through document analysis. The research revisits past studies and theories, synthesizing them to introduce the background of empowerment while tracing the trajectory of research surrounding the necessity of empowerment with a sustainable rural development approach.
Scaling up small wind turbines in India: Barriers and options for the way forward
Authors: Kumar Vaisakh Suresh , Concessao Lanvin , Bhardwaj Abhishek
Published: November 2024

Small wind turbines (SWTs) are an adaptable and flexible option for the generation of renewable electricity. They can be sited at locations with a reasonable wind resource that are unsuitable for large wind projects. SWTs, whether operating individually or as hybrids, are also classified as distributed renewable energy generation (DREG) systems. Hence, in addition to improving the utilization of wind and expanding renewable capacity in line with the 2030 500 GW targets (PIB Delhi 2021), SWTs can also support the Indian government’s plans to promote DREG for livelihood applications and contribute toward distributed renewable purchase obligation (RPO) targets.
Investigating the Syrian Crisis and Divergent Middle Eastern Policies with Recommendations and Solutions Regarding the Turkish-American Relations
Authors: deniz şenol
Published: November 2024

This research article explores how the tensions between Turkey and the USA, two allied nations with a shared history of liberal values dating back to the Ottoman Empire, challenge the conceptual framework through their differing approaches to the Syrian conflict. The primary objective of this study is to analyze how Turkey and the USA address and respond to the Syrian crisis, taking into account their divergent national security concerns and interests influenced by the ongoing global developments. Additionally, the study dwells upon the Turkish societal perceptions posed by the Syrian refugees, drawing on illuminating insights from the existing literature and applying the threat theory perspectives. The study also proposes a set of potential solutions to address these issues, to mitigate the tension, and to enhance a bilateral cooperation. Utilizing a comprehensive literature and document review methodology, this study elucidates the interplay between the Turkish and American policies and explores the negative perception in the Turkish society, including the impacts on the labour markets, economic stability, and cultural norms. The findings highlight that, within the scope of the Syrian conflict, the USA has predominantly pursued a realist approach rather than seeking resolution through the liberal negotiation strategies. Moreover, the findings accentuate the fact that the negative perception of the Syrians to labour markets, job opportunities, economic stability, national resources, and public safety, as well as their alleged involvement in crimes such as terrorism and theft, negatively impacts the Turkish society's traditions, customs, lifestyle, culture, and moral norms. These cultural differences, along with the other issues mentioned, foster a belief in the superiority of the Turkish society over the Syrian society, contributing to a symbolic negative perception of the Syrian refugees in relation to the Turkish identity and societal cohesion.
İşletme Alanında Metaverse’ün Gelişimi ve Eğilimleri Üzerine Bibliyometrik Bir Analiz
Authors: Demirel Ebru
Published: November 2024

Metaverse, kullanıcıların avatarlar kullanarak sanal dünyada faaliyette bulunmasını sağlayan dijital ortamlardır. Metaverse oyun endüstrisinde yerleşmiş bir uygulama gibi gözükse de bugün birçok alanda etkisi bulunmaktadır. Bu alanlardan birisi de hiç şüphesiz işletmedir. Metaverse’ün işletme alanındaki önemi gün geçtikçe artış göstermektedir. Bu kapsamda bu çalışmanın amacı işletme perspektifinden metaverse’i ele almaktadır. Bu amaçla 2008-2024 yılları arasında web of science veri tabanında 430 çalışma Vosviewer yazılım programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmada mevcut literatür incelenmiş ve bibliyometrik bir yöntem kullanılarak analiz sonuçlarının görselleştirilmesi sağlanmıştır. Bu sayede işletme alanında metaverse konusunun eğilimleri, gelişimi ve araştırma konuları tespit edilmiştir. Yine analiz kapsamında işletme perspektifinden metaverse konusunda en etkili yazar, en çok çalışma yapan ülke, en çok atıf alan çalışmalar ve konunun zamansal evrimine genel bir bakış açısı sağlanmıştır. Bu çalışmanın bulguları, işletme alanındaki metaverse araştırma manzarasının ayrıntılı bir anlayışını sunarak, odaklanılan temel alanları, önemli katkıları ve mevcut iş birliği ağlarını ortaya koymaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçların işletme alanındaki araştırmacılar için değerli olabileceği düşünülmektedir.
AN APPLIED RESEARCH ON THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES IN MOVING IMAGE PRODUCTION
Authors: Söğütlüler Türker
Published: November 2024

Abstract
Since the mid-20th century, artificial intelligence technologies, which have their roots in neuroscience and the discovery of neural networks, have created a rapidly growing competitive field on a global scale. Systems based on artificial intelligence technology are used today in important areas affecting individuals and society such as health, finance, trade, education, media, industrial production, energy, cyber security. Artificial intelligence companies are funded by the world's leading companies and governments, and machine learning based on big data is becoming increasingly important. Although the existence of ethical problems arising from negative uses as well as the benefits arising from positive uses is a matter of debate, the fact that artificial intelligence technologies will shape the future requires consensus instead of moving away from the field. The research aims to discuss the potential of artificial intelligence in moving image production by considering this reality. In the journey of artificial intelligence that started with the question "Can machines think?", this research focuses on the question "Can artificial intelligence produce professional, hyper-realistic scenes?" and examines three important platforms operating in this field. Within the scope of the research, Runway, Luma Dream Machine and Imagine Art platforms were asked to produce moving images including two realistic and futuristic scenarios. The moving images produced were subjected to content analysis and analysed under the categories and subcategories determined. Although there are various errors in the moving images produced, these examinations have shown that artificial intelligence technologies will reshape the production of series, films and content that require expertise in a short time, and that artificial intelligence will replace various expertise in the sector.
Keywords: Communication Studies, Artificial Intelligence, Moving Image
Aspek Hukum Dan Penyelesaian Sengketa Perjanjian Arisan Online Melalui Media Sosial Di Negeri Rumahkay Kecamatan Amalatu Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat
Authors: Nabila Syadzwina Hindun , Panjaitan Wijaya Natalia , Labetubun Muchtar Anshary Hamid
Published: November 2024

Introduction: Societies and online social media have evolved into new structures that play an important role in the lives of communities, nations, and nations. The new world structure that we're experiencing is developing very fast. A lot of people are not ready to face this new world. Special rules are also needed because online media makes it easier for humans. One of the new things is about the Arisan Agreement. Arisan is currently online. There are a number of gaps where online arisan participants can break the agreement. For example, they can leave the estate without paying a fine, pay a monthly fee after receiving the share, or tell others about the exit.Purposes of Devotion: To provide understanding and knowledge to the public especially in providing knowledge of legal aspects and dispute resolution of arisan agreements online through social media. Method of Devotion: The Service Method used is a method of counseling and mentoring the Rumahkay Community, especially in providing knowledge of legal aspects and resolving disputes over online arisan agreements through social media.Results of the Devotion: Arisan conducted online meets the legal requirements stipulated in Article 1320 of the Civil Code and is a form of legal agreement. The parties to the online arisan are valid in accordance with Article 1338 of the Civil Code after the agreement is valid. Where the online arisan agreement that has been agreed by the parties functions as a law. Where the agreed online arisan agreement applies like a law for the parties. So that if one of the pihal is negligent and cannot fulfill the achievement or perform his obligations, then the party can be said to have committed an act of default.
Model Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Laut dan Pesisir di Negeri Hitu, Kecamatan Leihitu, Kabupaten Maluku Tengah
Authors: Angga La Ode , Ruslan Dyah Auliah Rachma , Baharuddin Wahdaniah , Akyuwen Rory Jeff
Published: November 2024

Introduction: The Tanah Hitu Kingdom is located on Ambon Island, precisely in Leihitu District, Central Maluku Regency, Maluku Province, Indonesia. It is called the Tanah Hitu Kingdom because it is located in the Leihitu area. When the kingdom still existed, the area was called Tanah Hitu. Now, the name Tanah Hitu no longer exists, what exists is Leihitu District which is sometimes usually called Jazirah Leihitu.Purposes of Devotion: Through mentoring activities, it is hoped that participants will understand the creation/drafting of State Regulations regarding the management of marine resources in Wakal State, as a very important form of management of coastal natural resources in Hitu State, Leihitu District, Central Maluku Regency. Method of Devotion: Through mentoring activities, it is hoped that participants will understand the creation/drafting of State Regulations regarding the management of marine resources in Wakal State, as a very important form of management of coastal natural resources in Hitu State, Leihitu District, Central Maluku Regency.Results of the Devotion: One characteristic that is the same in Maluku is the natural resource management system which is based on the principle of mutual benefit and reciprocity (reciprocity) to maintain the balance of the natural environment called sasi. Sasi is a customary law provision that strictly prohibits anyone from taking anything from the natural surroundings, land or sea, at a certain time in order to ensure its preservation.