Ocular surface in patients with different degrees of myopia
Authors:   Tongren Eye Care Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China, Lyu Yan-Yun , Chen Xiao-Niao ,   Department of Ophthalmology, the Third Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China, Wang Zhen-Yu ,   Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China, Huang Shan-Shan ,   Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China, Yuan Yan ,   Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China, Lu Hong-Shuang ,   Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan, Yang Wen-Li ,   Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China, Qiao Li-Ya ,   Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China, Tian Lei ,   Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China, Jie Ying ,   Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Laboratory, Beijing 100730, China
Published: June 2024

AIM: To investigate the clinical features of the ocular surface in patients with different degrees of myopia.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 122 participants with myopia in Beijing Tongren Hospital from February to June, 2023. After completing the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score scale, measurements were taken for refraction, biometric parameters and ocular surface parameters. The prevalence, severity and related parameters of the dry eye among different groups based on axial length (AL) were compared. Correlation analysis was performed between ocular surface parameters and refraction/biometric measurement parameters.
RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were observed in refractive error, corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, and subfoveal choroidal thickness among the groups (all P&#x003C;0.05). With the increase in AL, the incidence and severity of dry eye increased significantly (P&#x003C;0.05). Moreover, the tear film break-up time (BUT) shortened (P&#x003C;0.05), and the corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) points increased significantly (P&#x003C;0.05). OSDI scores were positively correlated with AL and spherical equivalent (SE; both P&#x003C;0.05); BUT was negatively correlated with AL, SE, and corneal astigmatism (AST; all P&#x003C;0.05); Schirmer I test (SIT) results were negatively correlated with AL and SE (both P&#x003C;0.05).
CONCLUSION: AL elongation is a risk factor for dry eye onset in myopic participants. The longer the AL, the more severe the dry eye is, with the increased CFS spots and tear film instability. Additionally, SE and AST exhibit negative correlations with dry eye symptom scores and ocular surface parameters.