bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Practical guidance for the implementation of the CRISPR genome editing tool in filamentous fungi
Authors: Kwon Min Jin , Schütze Tabea , Spohner Sebastian , Haefner Stefan , Meyer Vera
Published: October 2019

Background

Within the last years, numerous reports described successful application of the CRISPR nucleases Cas9 and Cpf1 for genome editing in filamentous fungi. However, still a lot of efforts are invested to develop and improve protocols for the fungus and genes of interest with respect to applicability, scalability and targeting efficiencies. These efforts are often hampered by the fact that—although many different protocols are available—none have systematically analysed and compared different CRISPR nucleases and different application procedures thereof for the efficiency of single- and multiplex-targeting approaches in the same fungus.

Results

We present here data for successful genome editing in the cell factoryThermothelomyces thermophilus, formerly known asMyceliophthora thermophila, using the three different nucleases SpCas9, FnCpf1, AsCpf1 guided to four different gene targets of our interest. These included a polyketide synthase (pks4.2), an alkaline protease (alp1), a SNARE protein (snc1) and a potential transcription factor (ptf1). For all four genes, guide RNAs were developed which enabled successful single-targeting and multiplex-targeting. CRISPR nucleases were either delivered toT. thermophiluson plasmids or preassembled with in vitro transcribed gRNA to form ribonucleoproteins (RNPs). We also evaluated the efficiency of single oligonucleotides for site-directed mutagenesis. Finally, we were able to scale down the transformation protocol to microtiter plate format which generated high numbers of positive transformants and will thus pave the way for future high-throughput investigations.

Conclusion

We provide here the first comprehensive analysis and evaluation of different CRISPR approaches for a filamentous fungus. All approaches followed enabled successful genome editing inT. thermophilus; however, with different success rates. In addition, we show that the success rate depends on the respective nuclease and on the targeted gene locus. We finally present a practical guidance for experimental considerations aiming to guide the reader for successful implementation of CRISPR technology for other fungi.
A thematic corpus-based study of idioms in the Corpus of Contemporary American English
Authors: Rafatbakhsh Elaheh , Ahmadi Alireza
Published: October 2019

The traditional approach to presenting idioms relies mainly on teachers’ or materials writers’ judgement, one-by-one and quite incidentally; and the existing teaching materials and references for idioms are mostly intuition-based. However, a more recent approach to better teaching and learning idioms is to present them under categories of their common themes and topics. Corpus linguistics can be of much contribution through helping the design and development of more authentic and systematic materials using comprehensive corpora which are typically the best representatives of the target language. In this connection, the present study aimed at searching for the thematic index of 1506 idioms under 81 categories at the end of the Oxford Dictionary of Idioms in the largest freely available corpus, i.e. the Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA), composed of more than 520 million words. To this end, we used a manuscript in PHP written by a professional computer programmer especially for this purpose. The findings yielded a list of idioms sorted based on their frequencies under their theme-based categories. To focus on the more frequently-used idioms of various themes in real contexts, materials designers, teachers, and learners of English can benefit from this idiom list in textbooks and classroom activities.
Proteome analysis of Mycoplasma fermentans cultured under aerobic and anaerobic conditions
Authors: Benedetti Francesca , Krishnan Selvi , Cocchi Fiorenza , Tettelin Hervé , Gallo Robert C. , Zella Davide , Curreli Sabrina
Published: October 2019

Background and aims

Mycoplasmas are ubiquitous pathogens found not only in humans but also in animals, plants, insects and soil. Though they usually grow better in an aerobic environment, mycoplasmas are also facultative anaerobic microorganisms. Following infection, the transition of a microorganism from a normal environment into an anaerobic one (e.g. dead or dying tissue) may result in production of a higher number of bacterial toxins. The resolution of the bacterial proteome during the aerobic/anaerobic switch could thus allow the identification of potential pathogenic determinants and pathways.

Methods

We used two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) coupled with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight/tandem mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF MS/MS) and subsequent mass spectrometric analysis to characterize the liposoluble and hydrosoluble protein fractions of a strain ofMycoplasma fermentansisolated in our lab (MFI), that was cultured under either aerobic or anaerobic conditions.

Results

We identified the 27 most abundant proteins in the liposoluble fraction and the 30 most abundant proteins in the hydrosoluble fraction and determined their modulation under aerobic and anaerobic growth. By using Protein ANalysis TrougH Evolutionary Relationships (PANTHER) and the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) software analysis tools, we were able to identify, define and organize the function of each protein, as well as to determine the specific interactome.

Conclusions

Our work provides the first proteome reference map ofMycoplasma fermentans obtained under aerobic and anaerobic growing conditions. These data may help to better understand the mechanisms of pathogenicity of this microorganism and define new diagnostic targets.
Does the Format of Preclass Reading Quizzes Matter? An Evaluation of Traditional and Gamified, Adaptive Preclass Reading Quizzes
Authors: Kolpikova Elena P. , Chen Derek C. , Doherty Jennifer H.
Published: October 2019

Preclass reading quizzes (RQs) have been shown to enhance student performance. Many instructors implementing evidence-based teaching assign preclass RQs to ensure their students are prepared to engage in class activities. Textbook companies now offer a gamified, adaptive-learning RQ format. In these RQs, students answer point-valued questions until they reach a threshold. If students answer incorrectly, the question decreases in point value on the next attempt. These RQs also give students who answer questions incorrectly more questions on that topic and direct students to sections of a textbook they need to review. We assessed the impact of gamified, adaptive preclass RQs compared with more traditional preclass RQs on in-class RQs and course exam performance as well as students’ perceptions of RQs. Students in the gamified, adaptive treatment performed equally compared with students in the traditional, static treatment on in-class RQs and course exams. While students in the gamified, adaptive treatment did have a more positive perception of preclass RQs, this factor explained less than 3% of the variation in RQ perception. Our findings suggest that instructors should verify that gamified, adaptive technologies impact student learning in their course before integrating them into their course and asking students to pay for them.
The facies analysis of a fan delta by integrating multiple discipline data — A case study of the KL-A oilfield, Bohai Bay Basin, China
Authors: Yin Zhijun , Zhang Bo , Hu Yue , Zhu Jianmin , Guo Cheng , Chen Guolong , Hou Xianbo , Liu Jianwei , Zhang Rongdong
Published: October 2019

The third member of the Shahejie Formation (Es3) is the main hydrocarbon exploration target in the KL-A oilfield, Bohai Bay Basin, East China. The facies classification is an essential step in mapping the depositional system of Es3 within the Bohai Bay Basin. The facies model is important for identifying the “sweet” lithology within the reservoirs. We characterize the facies of Es3 by integrating cores, well logs, and seismic data. The analysis indicates that the Es3 consists of fan delta deposits. The analysis using well logs and cores indicates that there are five different lithofacies for the Es3 Formation: massive sandstone, horizontally bedded sandstone, trough cross-bedded sandstone, ripple cross-laminated sandstone, and massive mud. The microfacies of Es3 include distributary channel, distributary mouth bar, interdistributary bay, and lacustrine mudstone deposits. The sweet lithologies for hydrocarbon accumulation within the KL-A oilfield include the coarse- and fine-grained sand developed within the channels and distributary mouth bar. We use seismic rms amplitude strata slices to determine the horizontal distribution of facies of the fan delta. The correlation between rms amplitude and well logs indicates that relatively low rms amplitude anomalies on the strata slices can be used as an indicator for sandstone within the KL-A oilfield.
Gnrh1-Induced Responses Are Indirect in Female Medaka Fsh Cells, Generated Through Cellular Networks
Authors: Hodne Kjetil , Fontaine Romain , Ager-Wick Eirill , Weltzien Finn-Arne
Published: October 2019

Reproductive function in vertebrates is stimulated by GnRH that controls the synthesis and release of the two pituitary gonadotropins, FSH and LH. FSH and LH, which regulate different stages of gonadal development, are produced by two different cell types in the fish pituitary. This is in contrast to the situation in mammals and birds, and it enables investigation of their differential regulation. In the present study, we used fluorescence in situ hybridization to show that Lh cells in adult female medaka express Gnrh receptors, whereas Fsh cells do not. This result was confirmed by patch-clamp recordings and by cytosolic Ca2+ measurements on dispersed pituitary cells, where Lh cells, but not Fsh cells, responded to Gnrh1 by biphasic alteration in action-potential frequencies and cytosolic Ca2+ levels. In contrast, both Fsh and Lh cells are able to respond to Gnrh1 in brain-pituitary tissue slices both electrically and by elevating the cytosolic Ca2+ levels. Using Ca2+ uncaging in combination with patch-clamp recordings and cytosolic Ca2+ measurements, we show that Fsh and Lh cells form homotypic and heterotypic networks in the pituitary. Taken together, these results show that the effects of Gnrh1 on Fsh release in adult female medaka are indirect and probably mediated via Lh cells.
Individualizing Management of Infertility in Classic Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia and Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumors
Authors: Jha Smita , El-Maouche Diala , Marko Jamie , Mallappa Ashwini , Veeraraghavan Padmasree , Merke Deborah P
Published: October 2019

Testicular adrenal rest tumors (TARTs) are a common cause of male infertility in patients with classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). These tumors are located in the rete testis and can lead to impaired blood flow and functional impairment of seminiferous tubules. We describe restoration of fertility in a man with CAH and bilateral TARTs with use of lower-dose glucocorticoid therapy than previously described. A 28-year-old man with classic salt-wasting CAH presented with impaired fertility. Biochemical evaluation showed poor CAH control despite reported compliance with prednisone 5 mg every morning and fludrocortisone 50 μg twice daily. Semen analysis showed azoospermia. Testicular ultrasonography showed TARTs occupying 16% of total testicular volume. After 5 months of dexamethasone 250 μg at bedtime, total TART volume decreased 90%, biochemical control improved, and semen analysis showed a sperm count of 132 × 106 million per milliliter. The patient’s wife was confirmed to be pregnant 9 months after the initial visit and delivered a healthy full-term baby girl. The patient’s glucocorticoid therapy was changed to prednisone 3 mg twice daily, and 2 years later he continues to show adequate CAH control, stable TART volume, and normal semen analysis, and his wife is pregnant again. Management of CAH in men with TARTs needs to be individualized, and high-dose dexamethasone may not be indicated. The use of a long-acting glucocorticoid at typical recommended dosages can decrease TART size and reverse male infertility. Prednisone given once daily does not adequately control the ACTH-driven complications of CAH.
Father, Lackey, Son, Friend, and Voltaire
Authors: Merrick Jeffrey
Published: October 2019

In a letter to Voltaire dated 27 January 1774, Jean Benjamin de La Borde reported that his friend the duc de Sully had surprised his father, the duc de Béthune, in flagrante delicto with a lackey. This article analyzes the narrative and the incident in the context of literary and archival evidence about sexual relations between noblemen and workingmen in eighteenth-century Paris. Nobles who sought and had sex with men, more often in private than in public spaces, have not been studied as a group. As this case study demonstrates, their rank both sheltered then from arrest and exposed them to disgrace.
“That Friendship Which Is Yet Dearer to Me than Any Other Earthly Good”
Authors: Sagal Anna K.
Published: October 2019

This article argues that Eliza Haywood’s periodical Epistles for the Ladies is an important contribution to the perennially popular eighteenth-century dialogue about female friendships. Contextualizing this work in other seventeenth-and eighteenth-century writings about women and friendship, this article also makes the case for Haywood’s radical vision of female virtue in contrast to didactic and pedagogical literature. Likewise, the article argues that Epistles showcases Haywood’s ambitious critical aims by incorporating both amatory pleasures and moral concerns.
Endurance exercise resistance to lipotoxic cardiomyopathy is associated with cardiac NAD+/dSIR2/PGC-1αpathway activation in oldDrosophila
Authors: Wen Deng-Tai , Zheng Lan , Li Jin-xiu , Cheng Dan , Liu Yang , Lu Kai , Hou Wen-qi
Published: October 2019

Lipotoxic cardiomyopathy is caused by excessive lipid accumulation in myocardial cells and it is a form of cardiac dysfunction. Cardiac PGC-1α overexpression prevents lipotoxic cardiomyopathy induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). The level of NAD+ and Sir2 expression upregulate the transcriptional activity of PGC-1α. Exercise improves cardiac NAD+ level and PGC-1α activity. However, the relationship between exercise, NAD+/dSIR2/PGC-1α pathway and lipotoxic cardiomyopathy remains unknown. In this study, flies were fed a HFD and exercised. The heart dSir2 gene was specifically expressed or knocked down by UAS/hand-Gal4 system. The results showed that either a HFD or dSir2 knockdown remarkably increased cardiac TG level and dFAS expression, reduced heart fractional shortening and diastolic diameter, increased arrhythmia index, and decreased heart NAD+ level, dSIR2 protein, dSir2 and PGC-1α expression levels. Contrarily, either exercise or dSir2 overexpression remarkably reduced heart TG level, dFAS expression and arrhythmia index, and notably increased heart fractional shortening, diastolic diameter, NAD+ level, dSIR2 level, and heart dSir2 and PGC-1α expression. Therefore, we declared that exercise training could improve lipotoxic cardiomyopathy induced by a HFD or cardiac dSir2 knockdown in old Drosophila. The NAD+/dSIR2/PGC-1α pathway activation was an important molecular mechanism of exercise resistance against lipotoxic cardiomyopathy.
Combinação da projeção da volatilidade percebida por redes neurais e HAR
Authors: Araújo Alcides , Montini Alessandra , Sampaio Joelson
Published: October 2019

Este artigo analisa a combinação dos métodos HAR e Redes Neurais para melhor projetar a volatilidade percebida e, consequentemente, trazer maior eficiência na gestão de riscos. Para realizar as projeções, combinações e testes foi utilizada a série de volatilidade percebida do Ibovespa no período entre 2000 e 2018, totalizando 4530 observações. Os principais resultados evidenciam que a combinação de ambos os modelos resultou numa melhor previsibilidade da volatilidade percebida, o que pode ser interpretado como um ganho de eficiência para gestão de riscos. Adicionalmente, artigo também avaliou o desempenho dos modelos considerando a rentabilidade de trading com opções. Para o caso da rentabilidade, verificou-se que as combinações de modelos lineares e não lineares apresentaram melhor performance.
Efeitos do pregão eletrônico sobre a eficiência e a volatilidade condicional no mercado de ações brasileiro
Authors: Maciel Leandro , Ballini Rosangela
Published: October 2019

A automatização das Bolsas de Valores consiste em uma das principais reestruturações realizadas nos mercados de capitais globais nas últimas décadas, caracterizada pela substituição de sistemas viva voz de pregão por sistemas eletrônicos. Este artigo avalia os efeitos da automatização da B3, que passou a adotar um sistema totalmente eletrônico de pregão a partir de outubro de 2005, sobre a eficiência e sobre a volatilidade condicional dos retornos do IBOVESPA, o principal índice do mercado acionário brasileiro. A análise empírica indicou a rejeição da hipótese de passeio aleatório para os períodos anterior e posterior da adoção do sistema eletrônico de pregão na B3, assim como a presença de regimes distintos de volatilidade. Após a automatização da Bolsa, verificou-se um aumento na dependência linear dos retornos do IBOVESPA, o que sugere um efeito negativo sobre a eficiência informacional do mercado de ações brasileiro. Por outro lado, nesse mesmo período, é evidenciada uma redução na persistência de longo prazo da volatilidade condicional em resposta a choques nos retornos.
Mechanical properties of faecal sludge
Authors: Velkushanova Konstantina V. , Zuma Lungi , Buckley Chris
Published: October 2019

On-site sanitation facilities contribute to the majority of toilet facilities in developing countries as full waterborne sanitation is not feasible or affordable. The characteristics of faecal sludge vary greatly between different locations and types of onsite sanitation facilities and at the same time their understanding is crucial for improvement of the existing faecal sludge management services. The Pollution Research Group (PRG), within the School of Chemical Engineering in the University of Kwa-Zulu Natal have been focussing on the analysis of faecal sludge from different on-site sanitation, such as urine diversion and dehydration toilets, wet and dry ventilated improved pit latrines at household and community levels and unimproved pit latrines. This study was undertaken between 2012 and 2014 and focussed on the characteristics of faecal sludge obtained from different on-site sanitation facilities in the Durban metro area in South Africa. Sampling methods were developed and applied for different depth levels of the pits for each on-site sanitation facility. The analysis followed the PRG standard operation procedures for properties such as: moisture content, total solids, ash content, pH, chemical oxygen demand, density, nutrient contents and thermal properties.
Effect of Piper betel leaf extract on learning and memory in Aluminium chloride induced Alzheimer’s disease in Wistar rats
Authors: Upadhyaya Shreeraksha , Gangachannaiah Shivaprakash , Lakshmi Chandrashekar Pallavi
Published: October 2019

Alzheimer's disease is a common neurological disorder affecting a significant proportion of the elderly population.There are only a few drugs which can be used safely to treat it. We sought to investigate for the first time Piper betel leaf, a postmeal mouth freshener for its potential use in Alzheimer's disease. Five groups of male Wistar rats with six rats in each group aged 10-12 weeks were used. The control group received the distilled water, aluminium chloride (AlCl3) group was treated with AlCl3, the standard group was treated with rivastigmine with AlCl3, and the two test groups received piper betel leaf extract (PBE) at doses of 400mg/kg and 500mg/kg body weight with AlCl3. AlCl3 was administered orally for 42 days in all the treated groups. Memory and learning were evaluated by Morris water maze test and Passive avoidance test.The results of the Morris water maze test showed reduced mean escape latency period in all the groups on trial day three (P≤0.05) and on trial day four (P ≤0.01) compared to AlCl3 group. The retention of spatial memory by probe trial showed that PBE and rivastigmine treated group spent more time in the target (platform) quadrant when compared to AlCl3 group (P≤0.01). The passive avoidance test showed a significant increase in step through latency in standard and test groups compared to the AlCl3 treated group. The weight of the rats treated with AlCl3 and PBE was reduced at the end of the treatment period while increased in standard and control group. The study shows the beneficial effects of Piper betel leaves in Alzheimer’s disease by significantly improving the learning and memory functions in rats.
An Innovative Effective Nutritional Therapy for Vitamin D Deficiency in Children with Celiac Disease
Authors: El-Shaheed Azza Abd , El-Arab Aly Ezz , El-Kassas Ghada M. , El Wakeel Maged A. , Abou-Zekri Maha , Anwar Mona
Published: October 2019

Children with celiac disease (CD) are susceptible to reduced bone mineral density (BMD). Our target is to assess the severity of vitamin D deficiency in CD children on a gluten-free diet (GFD), and to evaluate the effectiveness of adding an innovative GF meal, on the clinical and bone biochemical indices of CD patients. 50 CD children who were diagnosed and followed up at Pediatric gastroenterology clinic, Specialized pediatric hospital, Cairo University; by serology and biopsy of the duodenum were included in this prospective study. CD children were on GFD for at least one year. As a control group, 40 healthy children were enrolled. Thorough clinical examination, anthropometric assessment, a complete history and 24 hours dietary recall were done for all the participants in this work. We introduced our innovative GF meal to CD patients twice/day, for 3 consecutive months. Venous blood samples were withdrawn from patients at the study beginning and after 3 months for detection of serum vitamin D, calcium, phosphorous and alkaline phosphatase levels. The anthropometric measurements, serum vitamin D, and calcium were markedly decreased in CD children than that of controls. In CD patients, a significant increase in anthropometric parameters, vitamin D and calcium were found. While there was a significant decline of serum alkaline phosphatase, and a slight decrease in serum phosphorus at the study end. The innovative gluten-free prepared meal confirmed to be of high nutritional value in the management of vitamin D deficiency and improvement of bone indices in CD patient.
Challenging HEA Fellowship: Why should technicians in creative arts HE be drawn into teaching?
Authors: Savage Tim
Published: October 2019

The UK Higher Education sector is subject to continual scrutiny and measurement, not least via the Teaching Excellence Framework (TEF). For Government, teaching qualifications are synonymous with teaching excellence. Within the Creative Arts, however, this has always been problematic. The percentage of academics with teaching qualifications remains among the lowest in the sector, and technicians frequently deliver practice-based teaching. As technical teaching expands in both volume and sophistication, arts technicians are increasingly seeking recognition through the Higher Education Academy's Fellowship programme. This article reports on a small-scale study undertaken at a leading UK Creative Arts University that aimed to illuminate the experiences of four technicians gaining Fellowship. Insights suggest that these individuals were motivated to work across academic and technical camps. In doing so, they expanded their practice and networks, although they also experienced hierarchical paradoxes with management and colleagues.
A Sofística no Discurso Filosófico e Educacional de Michel de Montaigne
Authors: Carniel Flávia Rocha , Cunha Marcus Vinicius da
Published: October 2019

O objetivo deste trabalho é examinar a produção intelectual do filósofo renascentista Michel de Montaigne, relacionando dados de sua biografia e dos acontecimentos de sua época à sua mais destacada obra, Ensaios. Considera-se que as elaborações teóricas de um indivíduo, bem como as formas linguísticas por ele criadas para exprimi-las, decorrem de eventos do mundo físico – no que se incluem as suas derivações de ordem social e cultural –, e como tal devem ser investigadas. A origem dessa concepção metodológica é buscada na filosofia antiga, principalmente nos Sofistas, investigação que fornece os parâmetros para analisar o caso específico de Montaigne.
ПРОБЛЕМЫ СОДЕРЖАНИЯ ТЕРМИНА «БЕСПОМОЩНОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ» В УК РФ
Authors: Tydykova Nadezhda
Published: October 2019

Статья посвящена исследованию термина «беспомощное состояние», который используется при конструировании многих составов преступлений. Автор анализирует его понимание правоприменительной практикой при квалификации разных составов преступлений. Отмечается, что официальные разъяснения по толкованию этого понятия имеются только применительно к убийству и насильственным половым преступлениям. Обосновывается, что понимание рассматриваемого признака в этих составах принципиально разное. Для квалификации насильственных половых преступлений он имеет более широкое содержание, чем для целей квалификации убийств. Доказывается, что в правоприменительной практике по-разному решаются и иные вопросы квалификации разных составов при его наличии. Это влечет проблему определения содержания термина для других составов, где он также используется, но не разъясняется. Предпринимается попытка дать объяснение разному смысловому наполнению одного и того же термина в зависимости от его места в составах преступлений. Высказано негативное отношение к такому подходу. В качестве разрешения сложившейся проблемы предлагается оставить рассматриваемый термин в таком наименовании лишь в некоторых составах, а в остальных заменить на какой-то иной. Это позволит разные термины наполнить разным смысловым значением. Для единообразия толкования предлагается дать разъяснения в  соответствующих по тематике постановлениях Пленума Верховного Суда РФ или в специальном постановлении, посвященном толкованию оценочных признаков. Рекомендуется рассмотреть вопрос о расширении этого понятия для целей квалификации убийств и других насильственных преступлений для обеспечения полноты квалификации и назначения справедливого наказания виновным.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ СПЕЦИАЛЬНЫХ ЗНАНИЙ ПРИ РАССЛЕДОВАНИЯХ ТЕРРОРИСТИЧЕСКИХ АКТОВ
Authors: Мергембаева Нургуль Бергалиевна
Published: October 2019

Рассматривается комплекс проблем судебной экспертизы при расследовании преступлений против общественной безопасности и общественного порядка на основе анализа уголовных дел.
РИСКОВАЯ КОММУНИКАЦИЯ КАК МЕХАНИЗМ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ СТАТУСА БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНОЙ ОБЩНОСТИ В ПРОЦЕССЕ АДАПТАЦИИ
Authors: Мозговая Алла Викторовна
Published: October 2019

Предлагается обоснование оригинального содержания одного из важных понятий социологии риска и безопасности — рисковой коммуникации. Ряд исследователей трактуют рисковую коммуникацию как традиционную модель передачи информации. Показано, что программы рисковой коммуникации в зарубежной практике строятся на методологии продвижения информации в интересах производителя риска и на основе тех оценок риска, которые имеются у организаторов процесса рисковой коммуникации. Основной постулат состоит в признании незыблемости той информации о риске, которая продвигается потребителю. Обосновывается методологическая продуктивность социологической концепции общения и концепции ответственности. Основной постулат — не продвижение нужной производителю риска информации, а создание общего для потребителей и производителя рисков «поля» представлений, оценок, согласованных установок, в конечном счете — «поля» приемлемости риска и статуса безопасности.
Glycosaminoglycans in therapy of diabetic nephropathy
Authors: Vorontsov A. V. , Dedov I. I. , Shestakova M. V. , Milenkaya T. M. , Knyazeva A. P.
Published: October 2019

Sulodexide, a drug containing glycosaminoglycans, was used in the treatment of patients with type I diabetes. Along with their effects on the blood clotting system, glycosaminoglycans are capable of preventing the mesangial proliferation and hyperproduction of extracellular matrix, as well as thickening of the glomerular basal membrane and impairment of its permeability and charge selection. A reliable antiproteinuric effect of the drug was noted, persisting for 6 weeks after it was discontinued; the excretion of protein with the urine reliably decreased in patients with both, microalbuminuria and proteinuria. Moreover, an antiatherogenic effect (a reliable decrease of serum atherogenicity coefficient) of sulodexide was observed. Assessment of the status of the fundus oculi of diabetics treated with sulodexide demonstrated a positive dynamics during therapy in some of the patients with nonproliferative and preproliferative retinopathy; no deterioration as regards the fundus oculi were noted. Hence, addition of sulodexide to combined therapy of patients with diabetic nephropathy is effective and pathogenetically justified.
Determinantes macroeconômicos da formação bruta de capital fixo no Brasil: 1996-2014
Authors: Da Rocha Gonçalves Rodrigo , De Oliveira Passos Marcelo
Published: October 2019

O objetivo deste artigo é analisar quantitativamente os determinantes macroeconômicos da formação bruta de capital fixo no Brasil no período de 1996 a 2014. A análise dos dados foi realizada por intermédio da estimação de um modelo vetorial de correção de erro (VEC) considerando a existência de sazonalidade e de quebras estrututurais nas séries analisadas. As funções de impulso-resposta do modelo VEC mostraram que a resposta da formação bruta de capital fixo foi mais sensível aos choques na poupança doméstica do que aos choques em outras variáveis. Assim, existe um suporte empírico para a adoção de medidas que incentivem a poupança privada e a poupança pública.
Editorial v.33 n.2 a.2019
Authors: Botelho Marisa dos Reis Azevedo , Benzaquen Perosa Bruno
Published: October 2019

Editorial v.33 n.2 a.2019
Accurate Tracking of Manoeuvring Target using Scale Estimation and Detection
Authors: Ansari Zahir Ahmed , Nigam Madhav Ji , Kumar Avnish
Published: October 2019

Camera zoom operation and fast approaching/receding target causes scaling of acquired target in video frames. Fast moving target manifests in large inter-frame motion. In general, non-uniform background degrades performance of tracking algorithms. Fast Fourier transform (FFT)-based Correlation algorithms improve tracking in this scenario, but their applications is limited to small inter-frame motion. Increasing search region has implication on execution speed of the algorithms. Rapid target scaling, non-uniform background and large inter-frame motion of target hinder accurate and long term visual tracking. These challenges have been addressed for extended target tracking by augmenting fast discriminative scale space tracking (fDSST) algorithm with probable target location prediction and target detection. Localisation of fast motion has been achieved by applying fused outputs of Kalman filter and quadratic regression based prediction before applying fDSST. It has helped in accurate localisation of fast motion without increasing search region. In each frame, target location and size have been estimated using fDSST and further refined by target detection near this location. Smoothing and limiting of trajectory and size of detected target has enhanced tracking performance. Experimental results show considerable improvement of precision, success rate and centre location error tracking performance against state-of-the-art trackers in stringent conditions.
THz Communication Technology in India Present and Future
Authors: Rahaman M. H. , Bandyopadhyay Aparajita , Christopher Sargunaraj , Ray Kamala Prasan , Pal Surendra
Published: October 2019

As the communication industry is currently undergoing a major overhaul to accommodate greater bandwidth and higher data-rate to meet the rapidly growing data demand; terahertz range of frequencies from 100 GHz to 3 THz are being investigated as a possible replacement of the conventional mm-wave technology. In this paper, we have examined the technology readiness of Indian research community in this specific direction and have discussed the research development strategies that are required to gain momentum towards achieving a viable technology standard in THz communication in India. Moreover, we have presented a collection of technology recommendations towards product development required for initiation and advancement in THz communication. We have also introduced a design of a short-range THz communication configuration in conclusion, based on recent reports of successful realization of THz communication which could be utilized for immediate realization using commercially available resources.
Novel Dual band SIW Filter Using Quad mode Cavity
Authors: Pelluri Sambaiah , Jain Anmol , Kartikeyan M. V.
Published: October 2019

A dual-band bandpass substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) filter is proposed using a quad-mode cavity in this paper. First two degenerative modes (TE102 and TE201) with via perturbation give the first passband. The second passband is realised by using higher modes (side and diagonal modes of TE202) which are obtained by putting square slot at the center of the cavity. The square slot increases the frequency ratio of the center frequencies of first and second passbands. Moreover, orthogonal feed-lines are used in the proposed design to increase transmission zeros (TZs) which helps to improve the selectivity and out-of-band rejection of the filter. Designed and fabricated a dualband filter prototype using a single layer printed circuit board (PCB) technology, size is only 19 mm × 19 mm. The insertion losses are 2.1 dB and 2.4 dB, and fractional bandwidths of 3.40 per cent and 2.00 per cent at 11.00 and 15.58 GHz, respectively. The measurement results show close agreement with the simulation results.
Development of Neural Network Based Adaptive Change Detection Technique for Land Terrain Monitoring with Satellite and Drone Images
Authors: Agarwal Ankush , Kumar Sandeep , Singh Dharmendra
Published: October 2019

Role of satellite images is increasing in day-to-day life for both civil as well as defence applications. One of the major defence application while troop’s movement is to know about the behaviour of the terrain in advance by which smooth transportation of the troops can be made possible. Therefore, it is important to identify the terrain in advance which is quite possible with the use of satellite images. However, to achieve accurate results, it is essential that the data used should be precise and quite reliable. To achieve this with a satellite image alone is a challenging task. Therefore, in this paper an attempt has been made to fuse the images obtained from drone and satellite, to achieve precise terrain information like bare land, dense vegetation and sparse vegetation. For this purpose, a test area nearby Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India has been selected, and drone and Sentinel-2 data have been taken for the same dates. A neural network based technique has been proposed to obtain precise terrain information from the Sentinel-2 image. A quantitative analysis was carried out to know the terrain information by using change detection. It is observed that the proposed technique has a good potential to identify precisely bare land, dense vegetation, and sparse vegetation which may be quite useful for defence as well as civilian application.
Promoting Pedagogical Agility in Learning Spaces: Toward a Comprehensive Framework of Faculty Support and Innovation
Authors: Ramsay Crystal M , Robert Jenay , Sparrow Jennifer
Published: October 2019

Postsecondary instructors routinely face novel and complex challenges in physical classrooms and informal learning spaces. Instructors often bring these challenges, along with creative and aspirational solutions, to the attention of centers for teaching and learning (CFTL). Issues span a wide range of topics including blogs, clickers, immersive experiences, active learning, learning analytics, and more. We embrace these challenges and seek to co-create solutions by providing a wide net of resources and support characterized by: (1) Instructional technologies (2) Instructional design, (3) Faculty development, and (4) Research. These elements emerge as a generalizable framework that represents a dynamic research-to-practice cycle. The cycle begins with a combination of problem definition and existing research. An approach is then planned and executed that includes instructional technologies, instructional design, faculty development, and original research. In accord with the cyclical nature of the framework, research findings inform development of future instructional design and faculty development opportunities. These, in turn, inform future practice, and the cycle continues. In our CFTL an educational research team collaborates with an instructional design and development team to support and facilitate this research-to-practice cycle. In this manuscript, we illustrate the practical implementation of this recursive and generalizable framework as we report on a case study of one technology-enhanced experimental classroom space. We conclude with a discussion of how the framework might inform larger efforts to integrate research with instructional technology implementation, instructional design, and faculty development.
Multicultural Learning and Experiences in Design through Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL) Framework
Authors: Asojo Abimbola Oluwatoni , Kartoshkina Yuliya , Jaiyeoba Babatunde , Amole Dolapo
Published: October 2019

One of the requirements for interior design students by the Council for Interior Design Accreditation (CIDA) is to be “prepared to work in a variety of contexts as well as across geographic, political, social, environmental, cultural, and economic conditions.” To help with this preparation, faculty partners from two institutions- the University of Minnesota Interior Design and the Architecture Obafemi Awolowo University in Nigeria- created unique learning experiences for their students by using Collaborative Online International Learning (COIL). The main goal of this teaching methodology is to develop students’ cross-cultural competence by linking university classes in different countries. Two COIL projects were chosen to help students practice solving design problems while responding to specific socio-cultural contexts. Students from both countries seemed to greatly benefit from this learning experience. Findings from students’ reflections after the learning experiences indicated deeper intercultural sensitivity in their design solutions and appreciation of technology and collaborative teaching in developing this sensitivity. Overall the framework of COIL strengthened the integration of multicultural learning experiences in both settings.
Reframing Writing Instruction in Physical Learning Environments: Making Connections Between Digital and Nondigital Technologies
Authors: Buchenot Andy , Roman Tiffany Anne
Published: October 2019

Active Learning Classrooms provide several advantages for teaching and learning by offering many physical and technological affordances that one can choose from when designing instruction. For courses where student writing is central activity to course learning outcomes, a challenge exists in that the innovative digital technologies may hide the opportunity to incorporate non-digital tools, such as paper-based student writing. We argue that treating student writing as a technology can increase opportunities for active learning within technology-enhanced learning environments. In this article, we describe an approach to writing instruction that builds intentional connections between paper-based texts and digital technologies, describing the rationale for the design decisions in an introductory composition course through a design case model. Classroom applications are discussed for physical learning spaces where student writing is incorporated into overall course learning activities.
Instrumentación para captura y transmisión de señales de vibración
Authors: Mejía Hernández Juan Camilo , Echeverry Correa Julian David , Alvarez Mesa Andrés Mauricio , Orozco Gutierrez Alvaro Angel
Published: October 2019

Las señales de vibración son usadas generalmente para detectar fallos en máquinas rotativas. En la actualidad existen diferentes metodologías para realizar análisis basado en dichas señales. Una metodología usada extensamente es el Mantenimiento Basado en Condición (CBM). CBM es un mantenimiento programado que recomienda acciones basadas en información recolectada. Actualmente, para la adquisición de señales de vibración se usan comúnmente Redes de Sensores Inalámbricos (WSNs por sus siglas en ingles). Los WSNs son redes formadas por una cierta cantidad de nodos, cada nodo está equipado con un sensor para identificar un fenómeno físico como la luz, presión, temperatura, etc. En este artículo, se propone un robusto sistema basado en WSNs para la adquisición, almacenamiento y transmisión de señales de vibración, el cual combina un mecanismo de acondicionamiento, una tarjeta central y un dispositivo para la transmisión inalámbrica. El sistema propuesto cumple todas las funciones anteriores de manera automática y precisa para dos señales de vibración y una señal de velocidad.
Tecnología lúdica para la rehabilitación de miembro superior en jóvenes
Authors: Pimentel Gutiérrez Carolina , Pinchao Papamija Fabián Eliécer , Rodríguez Rojas Lady Carolina , Espinosa Medina Ricardo Alonso
Published: October 2019

El proyecto de investigación consistió en el diseño de una tecnología lúdica utilizada como instrumento de rehabilitación en una actividad de juego, enfocada al restablecimiento de la función motriz del miembro superior, el cual está involucrado en la realización de actividades de la vida diaria (actividades como: aseo personal, sostener objetos, apoyarse, entre otras). El juego propuesto considera a la persona en su conjunto de sistemas físicos, intelectuales y psicosociales. El prototipo fue caracterizado con pruebas realizadas a 50 jóvenes de edades entre 16 y 22 años, aparentemente sanos, quienes decidieron participar de manera voluntaria de la actividad de juego. El juguete constó de: un brazalete electrónico (control remoto) y un carro de juguete que tenía la función de moverse simultáneamente con los movimientos que efectuaba el jugador con su extremidad superior. El juguete se moviliza en medio de una pista dividida por tres niveles de dificultad. Se constató que la actividad lúdica propuesta cumplió con los requerimientos de una actividad en el marco de la rehabilitación, puesto que se tiene en cuenta la estabilidad y realización de movimientos desde la articulación proximal del hombro, siguiendo por codo y muñeca, además se pueden obtener beneficios adyacentes, a nivel cognitivo, debido a que el jugador debe entender e identificar el espacio en el que se desarrolla el juego, de tal manera que el jugador plantea una estrategia de juego basado en secuencias lógicas, acciones y consecuencias, y en ciertas actitudes sociales, evidenciadas en la apreciación que genera el juego en el participante, evaluado a través de una encuesta en factores como: dversión, atención, presión, sentido de competencia y esfuerzo.
Sintetización del oscilador caótico conmutado por tramos: comparación de las soluciones
Authors: Conde González Nicolás Felipe , Vacca González Harold
Published: October 2019

En el presente artículo se describen los resultados de la investigación que condujo al análisis, modelamiento, simulación e implementación de un oscilador caótico en un sistema conmutado continuo por tramos (OCCCT). Se obtiene el sistema de ecuaciones diferenciales que lo modelan, y se implementa una aproximación de tal solución por el método de descomposición de Adomian (ADM). Como alternativa ligada a la síntesis teórica, se emplea como novedad un circuito equivalente del cual se extrae una solución de tipo experimental del OCCCT. Para observar la presencia de caos se aplica el criterio de los valores propios complejos del espacio de estados. Con las soluciones –teórica: analítica y aproximada, y la experimental- del sistema se realiza una comparación en un dominio concreto que arroja como resultado una correspondencia admisible entre ellas
TIC, convergencia y flexibilidad: saberes y racionalidades de la tecnologización pedagógica
Authors: Gómez Castillo Harvey
Published: October 2019

El artículo indaga y propone elementos para la reflexión sobre la incorporación de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TIC), a través de prácticas discursivas de convergencia y flexibilidad como parte de una estrategia de saber/poder sostenida en el tiempo, en el proceso de tecnologización de las prácticas pedagógicas. Para tal efecto, se propone una aproximación arqueológica-genealógica que da cuenta sobre cómo se configura un sujeto para el rendimiento.
Educación versus tecnología y su convergencia hacia la IA
Authors: Palacios Rozo Jairo Jamith , Palacio Velásquez Hugo Esteban , González Silva Ronald
Published: October 2019

La educación en las sociedades primitivas de agricultores y cazadores se centraba en que sus niños aprendieran con el juego y la exploración, lo necesario para ser adultos competentes y aportar a su tribu, un largo camino se ha construido hasta la actual sociedad del conocimiento e información, la cual tiene como base un mundo tecnológico. Esta investigación utiliza una metodología de información documental con enfoque cualitativo-descriptivo mediante la recolección de información y análisis, permitiendo presentar una perspectiva de la educación, la tecnología y su coevolución, se propone una reflexión respecto a qué tanto se enseña a pensar o aprender de las máquinas construidas con la tecnología actual (inteligencia artificial) y qué futuro puede tener la humanidad con la evolución tecnológica.
Beyond projects: benefits of research accompanying research: Reflections from the research programme Sustainable Land Management
Authors: Weith Thomas , Rogga Sebastian , Zscheischler Jana , Gaasch Nadin
Published: October 2019

In manifold ways science and practice are working together to find solutions for sustainable land management. New research programmes on this topic generate a large variety of single project results. Accompanying research projects will realize additional value by merging and synthesising
the results from these projects and by supporting the generation of new knowledge for science and society.For many actors in science and policy, the additional value of research accompanying research projects remains open. Referring to a recent publication in GAIA that introduces
a typology for accompanying research (AR), this article discusses the central issues, content, processes and ongoing challenges in an AR project accompanying the German research programme Sustainable Land Management. The important value of AR can be seen in communication, networking,
the reflexive generation of new knowledge and knowledge management based on trust building and competence. AR also exhibits great potential for research on cross-cutting issues in research programmes and has special significance for meta-studies on different research projects taking place
under similar funding conditions. However, additional analyses are necessary for a better understanding of the outcomes and impacts of AR and to create wider appreciation and acceptance.
Licht bringen in die Blackbox des Regierens in Deutschland
Authors: Müller Edda
Published: October 2019

Wir glauben zu wissen, wie Demokratie in Deutschland zu funktionieren hat ‐ und haben doch wenig Ahnung vom Wirken der deutschen Institutionen. Der Politiker Thomas de Maizière gewährt nun Einblicke und macht politische Entscheidungsfindungen verständlich. Dabei
wird deutlich: Wer in Deutschland regieren will, muss verhandeln können.