bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Role and Function of A2A and A3 Adenosine Receptors in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis, Psoriatic Arthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Authors: Ravani Annalisa , Vincenzi Fabrizio , Bortoluzzi Alessandra , Padovan Melissa , Pasquini Silvia , Gessi Stefania , Merighi Stefania , Borea Pier , Govoni Marcello , Varani Katia
Published: March 2017

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) are chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases that affect joints, causing debilitating pain and disability. Adenosine receptors (ARs) play a key role in the mechanism of inflammation, and the activation of A2A and A3AR subtypes is often associated with a reduction of the inflammatory status. The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of ARs in patients suffering from early-RA (ERA), RA, AS and PsA. Messenger RNA (mRNA) analysis and saturation binding experiments indicated an upregulation of A2A and A3ARs in lymphocytes obtained from patients when compared with healthy subjects. A2A and A3AR agonists inhibited nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) activation and reduced inflammatory cytokines release, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. Moreover, A2A and A3AR activation mediated a reduction of metalloproteinases (MMP)-1 and MMP-3. The effect of the agonists was abrogated by selective antagonists demonstrating the direct involvement of these receptor subtypes. Taken together, these data confirmed the involvement of ARs in chronic autoimmune rheumatic diseases highlighting the possibility to exploit A2A and A3ARs as therapeutic targets, with the aim to limit the inflammatory responses usually associated with RA, AS and PsA.
Adsorption and Oxidation of Aromatic Amines on Metal(II) Hexacyanocobaltate(III) Complexes: Implication for Oligomerization of Exotic Aromatic Compounds
Authors: Sharma Rachana , Iqubal Md. Asif , Jheeta Sohan , Kamaluddin
Published: March 2017

Based on the hypothesis on the presence of double metal cyanides in the primordial oceans, a series of nano-sized metal(II) hexacyanocobaltate(III) (MHCCo) with the general formula: M3[Co(CN)6]2•xH2O (where M = Zn, Fe, Ni and Mn) has been synthesized. Surface interaction of aromatic amines, namely aniline, 4-chloroaniline, 4-methylaniline and 4-methoxyaniline with MHCCo particles has been carried out at the concentration range of 100–400 μM at pH~7.0. The percentage binding of aromatic amines on MHCCo surface was found to be in the range of 84%–44%. The trend in adsorption was in accordance to the relative basicity of the studied amines. At the experimental pH, amines reacted rapidly with the surface of the iron(II) hexacyanocobaltate, producing colored products that were analyzed by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS). GC-MS analysis of the colored products demonstrated the formation of dimers of the studied aromatic amines. Surface interaction of aromatic amines with MHCCo was studied by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM). The change in amine characteristic frequencies, as observed by FT-IR, suggests that interaction took place through the NH2 group on amines with metal ions of hexacyanocobaltate complexes. FE-SEM studies revealed the adherence of 4-methoxyaniline on zinc hexacyanocobaltate particles surface. We proposed that MHCCo might have been formed under the conditions on primitive Earth and may be regarded as an important candidate for concentrating organic molecules through the adsorption process.
Comparing Species Composition of Passive Trapping of Adult Flies with Larval Collections from the Body during Scene-Based Medicolegal Death Investigations
Authors: Sanford Michelle
Published: March 2017

Collection of insects at the scene is one of the most important aspects of forensic entomology and proper collection is one of the biggest challenges for any investigator. Adult flies are highly mobile and ubiquitous at scenes, yet their link to the body and the time of colonization (TOC) and post-mortem interval (PMI) estimates is not well established. Collection of adults is widely recommended for casework but has yet to be rigorously evaluated during medicolegal death investigations for its value to the investigation. In this study, sticky card traps and immature collections were compared for 22 cases investigated by the Harris County Institute of Forensic Sciences, Houston, TX, USA. Cases included all manner of death classifications and a range of decomposition stages from indoor and outdoor scenes. Overall, the two methods successfully collected at least one species in common only 65% of the time, with at least one species unique to one of the methods 95% of the time. These results suggest that rearing of immature specimens collected from the body should be emphasized during training to ensure specimens directly associated with the colonization of the body can be identified using adult stages if necessary.
Degradation of Marine Algae-Derived Carbohydrates by Bacteroidetes Isolated from Human Gut Microbiota
Authors: Li Miaomiao , Shang Qingsen , Li Guangsheng , Wang Xin , Yu Guangli
Published: March 2017

Carrageenan, agarose, and alginate are algae-derived undigested polysaccharides that have been used as food additives for hundreds of years. Fermentation of dietary carbohydrates of our food in the lower gut of humans is a critical process for the function and integrity of both the bacterial community and host cells. However, little is known about the fermentation of these three kinds of seaweed carbohydrates by human gut microbiota. Here, the degradation characteristics of carrageenan, agarose, alginate, and their oligosaccharides, by Bacteroides xylanisolvens, Bacteroides ovatus, and Bacteroides uniforms, isolated from human gut microbiota, are studied.
Optimized 4,5-Diarylimidazoles as Potent/Selective Inhibitors of Protein Kinase CK1δ and Their Structural Relation to p38α MAPK
Authors: Halekotte Jakob , Witt Lydia , Ianes Chiara , Krüger Marc , Bührmann Mike , Rauh Daniel , Pichlo Christian , Brunstein Elena , Luxenburger Andreas , Baumann Ulrich , Knippschild Uwe , Bischof Joachim , Peifer Christian
Published: March 2017

The involvement of protein kinase CK1δ in the pathogenesis of severe disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, familial advanced sleep phase syndrome, and cancer has dramatically increased interest in the development of effective small molecule inhibitors for both therapeutic application and basic research. Unfortunately, the design of CK1 isoform-specific compounds has proved to be highly complicated due to the existence of six evolutionarily conserved human CK1 members that possess similar, different, or even opposite physiological and pathophysiological implications. Consequently, only few potent and selective CK1δ inhibitors have been reported so far and structurally divergent approaches are urgently needed in order to establish SAR that might enable complete discrimination of CK1 isoforms and related p38α MAPK. In this study we report on design and characterization of optimized 4,5-diarylimidazoles as highly effective ATP-competitive inhibitors of CK1δ with compounds 11b (IC50 CK1δ = 4 nM, IC50 CK1ε = 25 nM), 12a (IC50 CK1δ = 19 nM, IC50 CK1ε = 227 nM), and 16b (IC50 CK1δ = 8 nM, IC50 CK1ε = 81 nM) being among the most potent CK1δ-targeting agents published to date. Inhibitor compound 11b, displaying potential as a pharmacological tool, has further been profiled over a panel of 321 protein kinases exhibiting high selectivity. Cellular efficacy has been evaluated in human pancreatic cancer cell lines Colo357 (EC50 = 3.5 µM) and Panc89 (EC50 = 1.5 µM). SAR is substantiated by X-ray crystallographic analysis of 16b in CK1δ and 11b in p38α.
What We Talk about When We Talk about Logic as Normative for Reasoning
Authors: Skelac Ines
Published: March 2017

In this paper, it is examined how, if at all, the logical laws can be normative for human reasoning, wherein the notion of normativity is analyzed primarily with respect to Wittgenstein’s philosophy. During the ancient and the medieval periods, logic was being considered in terms of discourse and dialogical practice, but since Descartes and especially Kant, it has been treated as a system of laws with which the process of individual human reasoning has been compared. Therefore, normativity can be investigated in the private sphere (for thinking and reasoning) and in the public sphere (for dialogic practices in a community). Wittgenstein discussed both aspects of normativity: in his early philosophy, the focus is on the laws of logic that are primarily normative for the state of affairs in the world, while in his later works the emphasis is on a social aspect of normativity (which is closer to Aristotle’s view), which is derived from the adopted rules that have been applied in a certain community. Taken that way, logic is certainly normative in the public sphere, but the more difficult issue is whether logic is normative for thinking, regarding the difference between the logical laws and those of thought.
Detection of Flavescence dorée Grapevine Disease Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Multispectral Imagery
Authors: Albetis Johanna , Duthoit Sylvie , Guttler Fabio , Jacquin Anne , Goulard Michel , Poilvé Hervé , Féret Jean-Baptiste , Dedieu Gérard
Published: March 2017

Flavescence dorée is a grapevine disease affecting European vineyards which has severe economic consequences and containing its spread is therefore considered as a major challenge for viticulture. Flavescence dorée is subject to mandatory pest control including removal of the infected vines and, in this context, automatic detection of Flavescence dorée symptomatic vines by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing could constitute a key diagnosis instrument for growers. The objective of this paper is to evaluate the feasibility of discriminating the Flavescence dorée symptoms in red and white cultivars from healthy vine vegetation using UAV multispectral imagery. Exhaustive ground truth data and UAV multispectral imagery (visible and near-infrared domain) have been acquired in September 2015 over four selected vineyards in Southwest France. Spectral signatures of healthy and symptomatic plants were studied with a set of 20 variables computed from the UAV images (spectral bands, vegetation indices and biophysical parameters) using univariate and multivariate classification approaches. Best results were achieved with red cultivars (both using univariate and multivariate approaches). For white cultivars, results were not satisfactory either for the univariate or the multivariate. Nevertheless, external accuracy assessment show that despite problems of Flavescence dorée and healthy pixel misclassification, an operational Flavescence dorée mapping technique using UAV-based imagery can still be proposed.
Node Self-Deployment Algorithm Based on Pigeon Swarm Optimization for Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Yu Shanen , Xu Yiming , Jiang Peng , Wu Feng , Xu Huan
Published: March 2017

At present, free-to-move node self-deployment algorithms aim at event coverage and cannot improve network coverage under the premise of considering network connectivity, network reliability and network deployment energy consumption. Thus, this study proposes pigeon-based self-deployment algorithm (PSA) for underwater wireless sensor networks to overcome the limitations of these existing algorithms. In PSA, the sink node first finds its one-hop nodes and maximizes the network coverage in its one-hop region. The one-hop nodes subsequently divide the network into layers and cluster in each layer. Each cluster head node constructs a connected path to the sink node to guarantee network connectivity. Finally, the cluster head node regards the ratio of the movement distance of the node to the change in the coverage redundancy ratio as the target function and employs pigeon swarm optimization to determine the positions of the nodes. Simulation results show that PSA improves both network connectivity and network reliability, decreases network deployment energy consumption, and increases network coverage.
Design of a Molecularly Imprinted Stir-Bar for Isolation of Patulin in Apple and LC-MS/MS Detection
Authors: Regal Patricia , Díaz-Bao Mónica , Barreiro Rocío , Fente Cristina , Cepeda Alberto
Published: March 2017

Mycotoxins are a very diverse group of natural products produced as secondary metabolites by fungi. Patulin is produced by mold species normally related to vegetable-based products and fruit, mainly apple. Its ingestion may result in agitation, convulsions, edema, intestinal ulceration, inflammation, vomiting, and even immune, neurological or gastrointestinal disorders. For this reason, the European Commission Regulation (EC) 1881/2006 established a maximum content for patulin of 10 ppb in infant fruit juice, 50 ppb for fruit juice for adults and 25 ppb in fruit-derived products. In this work, a rapid and selective method based on magnetic molecularly imprinted stir-bar (MMISB) extraction has been developed for the isolation of patulin, using 2-oxindole as a dummy template. The final extraction protocol consisted of simply pouring in, stirring and pouring out samples and solvents from a beaker with the MMISB acting inside. The magnetic device provided satisfactory recoveries of patulin (60%–70%) in apple samples. The successful MMISB approach has been combined with high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) to determine patulin.
Sports Nutrition Knowledge, Perceptions, Resources, and Advice Given by Certified CrossFit Trainers
Authors: Maxwell Cassie , Ruth Kyle , Friesen Carol
Published: March 2017

Background: CrossFit is a large, growing force in the fitness community. Currently, Level 1 and 2 CrossFit certification classes do not include nutrition education. The purpose of this study was to identify sports nutrition knowledge, perceptions, resources, and advice given by Certified CrossFit Trainers. Methods: An online questionnaire that measured these four constructs was placed on a private Facebook community, open only to certified CrossFit trainers, for 10 days. Results: Complete surveys were obtained from 289 CrossFit trainers. The mean Sport Nutrition Knowledge (SNK) score was 11.1 ± 2.1, equivalent to 65.3% ± 12.4% correct. The trainers perceived nutrition to be extremely important to athletic performance (9.4 ± 0.9 on a 10 point scale). Overall, the trainers graded their SNK higher than that of their CrossFit peers. The internet and CrossFit peers were the most frequently reported sources for nutrition information; Registered Dietitians were the least reported source. The Paleo and Zone diets were the most common dietary regimens recommended by CrossFit trainers. Results indicated a positive correlation between a CrossFit trainer’s self-reported hours of nutrition education and their SNK score (r = 0.17; p < 0.01). Conclusion: Nutrition education modules for Level 1 and 2 CrossFit trainers, developed with input from Board Certified Specialists in Sports Dietetics, are recommended.
Assessing the Regional Innovation System’s Absorptive Capacity: The Approach of a Smart Region in a Small Country
Authors: Jucevičius Robertas , Juknevičienė Vita , Mikolaitytė Jurgita , Šaparnienė Diana
Published: March 2017

Vitality of a smart region depends on the network of closely interconnected actors (individuals and institutions) seeking common goals of development and their capacities to ensure effective knowledge creation and exploitation. This network (a regional innovation system (RIS)) empowers processes of absorptive capacity—knowledge access, anchoring and diffusion, contributing to regional innovativeness and competitiveness. Absorptive capacity is considered an important object of scientific research. However, there is still a lack of research providing specific tools that are adaptable for assessing the regional absorptive capacity in a small country. Existing differences among countries and even regions inside a small country require adjusted and modified methods and instruments. Consequently, the goal of this research is to present and substantiate the methodological approach of assessing the RIS's absorptive capacity giving evidence from a smart region (Kaunas County) of a small country (Lithuania). The mixed-method approach of the research (combining qualitative and quantitative research strategies) was used to substantiate the presented methodological approach. A smart region of a small country can be characterized by a denser institutional infrastructure and higher results (outcomes) of innovative activities. Smartness of the region can be understood as a consequence of the higher level of absorptive capacity.
Inventaire entomologique des dunes éoliennes et des zones humides de la réserve naturelle de Pont-Seille (La Truchère-Ratenelle, Saône-et-Loire). III - Coleoptera Sternoxia
Authors: Bourdonné Jean-Claude , Bordy Bernard , Allemand Roland
Published: March 2017

82 espèces de Buprestidae, Eucnemidae, Throscidae et Elateridae, représentant environ 20 % de la faune française, ont été observées dans la réserve de Pont-Seille qui comprend quatre types d'habitats principaux : des dunes de sables, des mares et étangs, une tourbière et des bois. La faune en Elateridae est particulièrement riche en espèces de zones humides ainsi qu'en espèces de zones sableuses. De nombreuses espèces saproxyliques intéressantes sont également présentes
Iris spuria subsp. maritima (Lam.) P. Fourn. (1935) (Iridacées) dans la plaine du Forez (commune de L'Hôpital-le-Grand, Loire]
Authors: Galtier Justin , Guillerme Nicolas
Published: March 2017

La plaine du Forez (Loire) constitue un petit territoire (moins de 70 000 ha.) diversifié sur le plan écologique (présence d'étangs, du fleuve Loire, de zones bocagères, etc.) mais qui a longtemps été méconnu notamment sur le plan botanique. La découverte de Iris spuria subsp. maritima (Lam.) P. Fourn. (1935) confirme l'intérêt et la spécificité de cette zone sur le plan botanique. Cet article présente ce taxon, les caractéristiques morphométriques des plants foréziens et les conditions de son observation en plaine du Forez.
Le Radeau des Cimes au Parc national de Masoala (Madagascar). Première partie : éléments pour un inventaire des Lépidoptères
Authors: Aberlenc Henri-Pierre , Andriamampianina Lanto , Faure Eric , Lees David C. , Minet Joël , Ollivier Laurence , Rafamantanantsoa Casimir , Randrianandrasana Maminirina , Razafindrakotomamonjy Andrianantenaina
Published: March 2017

The Canopy Raft in the Masoala National Park (Madagascar). 1. -Towards a Lepidoptera survey.

Thanks to the 2001 "Canopy Raft" expedition, many new records can be considered for the Lepidoptera fauna of the Masoala Peninsula, a still poorly investigated region of Madagascar. Moths, butterflies and a few caterpillars were collected over a five week period (mainly in November) in the area of Tampolo, but also near Andranobe, south of Ambanizana. A number of caterpillars have been bred successfully, in particular that of an apparently new her-miniine species (Noctuidae) and the previously unknown larva of Rhagastis lambertoni (Clark) (Sphingidae). Several insect species were obtained from the nests of a possibly new species of Hypsoides (Notodontidae : Thaumetopoeinae). Among them are a Cosmopterigidae and a phycitine Pyralidae, both of which are likely to represent new species. At least 23 species of Bombycoidea (e.g. Hippotion melichari Haxaire -Sphingidae) were caught in october-november 2001 in the Tampolo area. Through a comparison between the efficiency of a light trap put on the canopy raft and that of two similar ones placed under the raft, in rainforest undergrowth, it would seem that most nocturnal hawk-moths tend to fly above canopy level. A checklist of the Sphingidae of Masoala can be proposed for the first time. 65 species of Rhopalocera were indisputably seen (e.g. Smerina manoro (Ward) -Nymphalidae) or collected. Three hesperiids are newly reported for Masoala : Perrotia howa (Mabille), P. silvestralis (Viette) and Borbo ratek (Boisduval).
Hyménoptères Symphytes récoltés dans la Dombes à la Fondation Pierre Vérots
Authors: Chevin Henri , Withers Philippe
Published: March 2017

Hymenoptera Symphyta collected in the Dombes at the Pierre Vérots Foundation.

The authors detail the capture of 82 species of Hymenoptera Symphyta collected in 2005 and 2006 in a nature reserve in Ain (France) of which 8 are nationally rare.
Redécouverte de «Peziza aquatilis» dans le Lyonnais
Authors: Van Vooren Nicolas
Published: March 2017

Rediscovery of "Peziza aquatilis" in the Lyonnais

The author presents a new collection of Pachyella aquatilis (Berthet & Donadini) Donadini, made near Lyon (France), thirty years after its first publication into the bulletin of the Société linnéenne.
Diagnose d'un Acmocerini nouveau d'Afrique occidentale (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae)
Authors: Téocchi Pierre , Sudre Jérôme
Published: March 2017

La tribu des Acmocerini propre à l'Afrique tropicale et subtropicale était représentée à ce jour par 6 genres : Acmocera Thomson, 1858 ; Acridocera Jordan, 1903 ; Acridoschema, Thomson, 1858 ; Discoceps Jordan, 1894 ; Fasciculacmocera Breuning, 1966 et Mimacmocera Breuning, 1958 = Parastenideopsis Breuning, 1986 (Breuning 1956, 1966, 1986 ; Breuning & Téocchi 1980 et Téocchi 1990).

Parmi les Lamiaires collectés au Cameroun par notre collègue Th. Garnier, nous avons isolé un Acmocerini qui s'avère constituer une espèce inédite appartenant à un genre nouveau : Epidiscoceps garnieri n. gen., n. sp. dont nous donnons la diagnose illustrée et que nous comparons avec le genre Discoceps.
Présence de Xerosecta cespitum (Draparnaud, 1801) dans le département de l'Isère (Mollusca : Stylommatophora : Hygromiidae)
Authors: Audibert Cédric
Published: March 2017

Presence of Xerosecta cespitum (Draparnaud, 1801) in the Isère department (Mollusca : Stylommatophora : Hygromiidae)

The knowledge of the molluscs in the Rhône-Alpes region is still very partial and, through the «first» citation of Xerosecta cespitum in the Isère department, we give an example of the lacks in the current inventory of this Invertebrate group.
Supplément à l'inventaire des Carabiques et Cicindéles de la région Rhône-Alpes -Première citation vérifiée de Platynidius complanatus Dejean, pour la faune française
Authors: Coulon Jacques
Published: March 2017

Le catalogue des Coléoptères Carabiques de la région Rhône-Alpes est actualisé en fonction des nouvelles données recueillies depuis 2000 par l'examen de nouvelles collections, l'étude des révisions taxonomiques et la communication de leurs récoltes par de nombreux collègues. Les changements taxonomiques importants sont signalés. Les captures intéressantes d'espèces peu fréquentes ou nouvelles pour un département sont mentionnées ainsi que les espèces nouvelles pour la région concernée. Ces dernières, au nombre de 13, portent donc la faune rhônalpine à 561 espèces de carabiques. Parmi elles, on notera la première capture assurée de Platynidius complanatus Dejean, 1 825 pour la faune française. Les captures nouvelles signalées sont commentées et discutées.
L'habitat de Leucorrhinia pectoralis Charpentier, 1825 (Odonata, Libellulidae) dans les étangs piscicoles de la Dombes (Ain)
Authors: Broyer Joël , Curtet Laurence , Bouniol Julien , Vieille Julien
Published: March 2017

ANG:Leucorrhinia pectoralis, Dombes (Ain), helophytes, littoral wood
Nouvelles stations françaises de Scolytus koenigi Schewyrew, 1890 (Coleoptera Curculionidae Scolytinae)
Authors: Dodelin Benoît
Published: March 2017

Trois stations inédites attestent de la présence en France de Scolytus koenigi. Des données biologiques et des critères d'identification sont précisés. S. koenigi se développe aux dépens des érables récemment morts dont Acer opalus, essence hôte nouvellement signalée pour ce xylophage. Une carte de distribution de l'espèce est donnée.
Examining the In Vitro Efficacy of the IAP Antagonist Birinapant as a Single Agent or in Combination With Dacarbazine to Induce Melanoma Cell Death
Authors: Vetma Vesna , Rožanc Jan , Charles Emilie M. , Hellwig Christian T. , Alexopoulos Leonidas G. , Rehm Markus
Published: March 2017

Antagonists of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs), alone or in combination with genotoxic therapeutics, have been shown to efficiently induce cell death in various solid tumors. The IAP antagonist birinapant is currently being tested in phase II clinical trials. We herein aimed
to investigate the antitumor efficacy of dacarbazine in vitro, both as a single agent and in combination with birinapant, in melanoma cell lines. Covering clinically relevant drug concentration ranges, we conducted a total of 5,400 measurements in a panel of 12 human melanoma cell lines representing
different stages of disease progression. Surprisingly, functionally relevant synergies or response potentiation in combination treatments was not observed, and only one cell line modestly responded to birinapant single treatment (approximately 16% cell death). Although we did not study the
underlying resistance mechanisms or more complex in vivo scenarios in which dacarbazine/birinapant response synergies may still possibly manifest, our findings are nevertheless noteworthy because IAP antagonists were demonstrated to strongly enhance responses to DNA-damaging agents in cell
lines of other cancer types under comparable experimental conditions in vitro.
Knockdown of E2F3 Inhibits Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion and Increases Apoptosis in Glioma Cells
Authors: Shen Zhi-Gang , Liu Xiao-Zhou , Chen Chang-Xiu , Lu Jing-Min
Published: March 2017

E2F3a, as a member of the E2F family, is essential for cell division associated with the progression of many cancers. However, the biological effect of E2F3a on glioma is not understood as well. To investigate the functional mechanism of E2F3a in glioma, we examined the expression of
E2F3a in glioma tissue and cell lines. We found that E2F3a was upregulated in glioma tissue compared with adjacent tissue, and this was associated with a poor survival rate. E2F3a was highly expressed in glioma cell lines compared with normal HEB cell lines. Knockdown of E2F3a significantly
inhibited cell proliferation, promoted G0/G1 phase arrest, elevated apoptosis rates, and suppressed cell migration and invasion. However, overexpression of E2F3a markedly promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and inhibited apoptosis. Moreover, in vivo studies
showed that knockdown of E2F3a expression dramatically inhibited U373 tumor growth in a nude mouse model. Results of real-time PCR and Western blot showed that the depletion of E2F3a upregulated the expression levels of cell apoptosis-related proteins and downregulated migration-related proteins.
Conversely, E2F3a overexpression downregulated the expression levels of cell apoptosis-related proteins and upregulated migration-related proteins. In conclusion, our results highlight the importance of E2F3a in glioma and provide new insights into the diagnostics and therapeutics of gliomas.
G-Protein Signaling Protein-17 (RGS17) Is Upregulated and Promotes Tumor Growth and Migration in Human Colorectal Carcinoma
Authors: Li Ling , Luo He-Sheng
Published: March 2017

Colorectal carcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths and has a high tendency for metastasis, which makes it a priority to find novel methods to diagnose and treat colorectal carcinoma at a very early stage. We studied the role of the regulator of G-protein signaling
(RGS) family of proteins RGS17 in colorectal carcinoma growth and metastasis. We found that RGS17 was upregulated in both clinical colorectal carcinoma tissues and cultured colorectal carcinoma cells. Knockdown of RGS17 by specific siRNA decreased the cell proliferation rate, whereas overexpression
of RGS17 with expression plasmid increased the rate in cultured cells. Consistently, a mouse model for colorectal carcinoma also showed that depletion of RGS17 significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo. Moreover, a Transwell assay showed that RGS17 promoted the ability of colorectal carcinoma
cells to migrate and invade. These data suggest that RGS17 is overexpressed in colorectal carcinoma and promotes cell proliferation, migration, and invasion.
A Tale of Two Emergences: Sunrise II Observations of Emergence Sites in a Solar Active Region
Authors: Centeno R. , Rodríguez J. Blanco , Del Toro Iniesta J. C. , Solanki S. K. , Barthol P. , Gandorfer A. , Gizon L. , Hirzberger J. , Riethmüller T. L. , Noort M. van , Suárez D. Orozco , Berkefeld T. , Schmidt W. , Pillet V. Martínez , Knölker M.
Published: March 2017

In 2013 June, the two scientific instruments on board the second Sunrise mission witnessed, in detail, a small-scale magnetic flux emergence event as part of the birth of an active region. The Imaging Magnetograph Experiment (IMaX) recorded two small (

) emerging flux patches in the polarized filtergrams of a photospheric Fe i spectral line. Meanwhile, the Sunrise Filter Imager (SuFI) captured the highly dynamic chromospheric response to the magnetic fields pushing their way through the lower solar atmosphere. The serendipitous capture of this event offers a closer look at the inner workings of active region emergence sites. In particular, it reveals in meticulous detail how the rising magnetic fields interact with the granulation as they push through the Sun’s surface, dragging photospheric plasma in their upward travel. The plasma that is burdening the rising field slides along the field lines, creating fast downflowing channels at the footpoints. The weight of this material anchors this field to the surface at semi-regular spatial intervals, shaping it in an undulatory fashion. Finally, magnetic reconnection enables the field to release itself from its photospheric anchors, allowing it to continue its voyage up to higher layers. This process releases energy that lights up the arch-filament systems and heats the surrounding chromosphere.
Solar Coronal Loops Associated with Small-scale Mixed Polarity Surface Magnetic Fields
Authors: Chitta L. P. , Peter H. , Solanki S. K. , Barthol P. , Gandorfer A. , Gizon L. , Hirzberger J. , Riethmüller T. L. , Noort M. van , Rodríguez J. Blanco , Iniesta J. C. Del Toro , Suárez D. Orozco , Schmidt W. , Pillet V. Martínez , Knölker M.
Published: March 2017

How and where are coronal loops rooted in the solar lower atmosphere? The details of the magnetic environment and its evolution at the footpoints of coronal loops are crucial to understanding the processes of mass and energy supply to the solar corona. To address the above question, we use high-resolution line-of-sight magnetic field data from the Imaging Magnetograph eXperiment instrument on the Sunrise balloon-borne observatory and coronal observations from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory of an emerging active region. We find that the coronal loops are often rooted at the locations with minor small-scale but persistent opposite-polarity magnetic elements very close to the larger dominant polarity. These opposite-polarity small-scale elements continually interact with the dominant polarity underlying the coronal loop through flux cancellation. At these locations we detect small inverse Y-shaped jets in chromospheric Ca ii H images obtained from the Sunrise Filter Imager during the flux cancellation. Our results indicate that magnetic flux cancellation and reconnection at the base of coronal loops due to mixed polarity fields might be a crucial feature for the supply of mass and energy into the corona.
Morphological Properties of Slender Ca
H Fibrils Observed by Sunrise II
Authors: Gafeira R. , Lagg A. , Solanki S. K. , Jafarzadeh S. , Noort M. van , Barthol P. , Rodríguez J. Blanco , Iniesta J. C. del Toro , Gandorfer A. , Gizon L. , Hirzberger J. , Knölker M. , Suárez D. Orozco , Riethmüller T. L. , Schmidt W.
Published: March 2017

We use seeing-free high spatial resolution Ca ii H data obtained by the Sunrise observatory to determine properties of slender fibrils in the lower solar chromosphere. In this work we use intensity images taken with the SuFI instrument in the Ca ii H line during the second scientific flight of the Sunrise observatory to identify and track elongated bright structures. After identification, we analyze theses structures to extract their morphological properties. We identify 598 slender Ca ii H fibrils (SCFs) with an average width of around 180 km, length between 500 and 4000 km, average lifetime of ≈400 s, and average curvature of 0.002 arcsec−1. The maximum lifetime of the SCFs within our time series of 57 minutes is ≈2000 s. We discuss similarities and differences of the SCFs with other small-scale, chromospheric structures such as spicules of type I and II, or Ca ii K fibrils.
Fast Radio Bursts’ Emission Mechanism: Implication from Localization
Authors: Lyutikov Maxim
Published: March 2017

We argue that the localization of the repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs) at ∼1 Gpc excludes a rotationally powered type of radio emission (e.g., analogs of Crab’s giant pulses coming from very young energetic pulsars) as the origin of FRBs.
Metal Enrichment Leads to Low Atmospheric C/O Ratios in Transiting Giant Exoplanets
Authors: Espinoza Néstor , Fortney Jonathan J. , Miguel Yamila , Thorngren Daniel , Murray-Clay Ruth
Published: March 2017

We predict the carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) ratios in the hydrogen–helium envelope and atmospheres of a sample of nearly 50 relatively cool (

1000 K) transiting gas giant planets. The method involves planetary envelope metallicity estimates that use the structure models of Thorngren et al. and the disk and planetary accretion model of Öberg et al. We find that nearly all of these planets are strongly metal-enriched, which, coupled with the fact that solid material is the main deliverer of metals in the protoplanetary disk, implies that the substellar C/O ratios of their accreted solid material dominate compared to the enhanced C/O ratio of their accreted gaseous component. We predict that these planets will have atmospheres that are typically reduced in their C/O compared to parent star values independent of the assessed formation locations, with C/O

a nearly universal outcome within the framework of the model. We expect water vapor absorption features to be ubiquitous in the atmospheres of these planets, and by extension, other gas giants.
Radio Emission from Pulsar Wind Nebulae without Surrounding Supernova Ejecta: Application to FRB 121102
Authors: Dai Z. G. , Wang J. S. , Yu Y. W.
Published: March 2017

In this paper, we propose a new scenario in which a rapidly rotating strongly magnetized pulsar without any surrounding supernova ejecta repeatedly produces fast radio bursts (FRBs) via a range of possible mechanisms; simultaneously, an ultra-relativistic electron/positron pair wind from the pulsar sweeps up its ambient dense interstellar medium, giving rise to a non-relativistic pulsar wind nebula (PWN). We show that the synchrotron radio emission from such a PWN is bright enough to account for the recently discovered persistent radio source associated with the repeating FRB 121102 within reasonable ranges of the model parameters. Our PWN scenario is consistent with the non-evolution of the dispersion measure inferred from all of the repeating bursts observed in four years.
Une science sans savants ?
Authors: Gaïti Brigitte , Scot Marie
Published: March 2017

Cet article retrace la construction de la science politique comme discipline scientifique dans la France d’après-guerre : c’est à Sciences Po – lieu a priori peu propice à l’innovation disciplinaire mais doté par l’ordonnance de 1945 d’une mission de recherche – qu’ont été institués en quelques années des cours et des diplômes, une revue, une association, des laboratoires de science politique. Le contexte académique d’après-guerre permet de comprendre la stratégie de création disciplinaire adoptée par Sciences Po, avec l’aide des fondations américaines pourvoyeuses de financements, de modèles épistémologiques et de légitimité scientifique. Empirique, focalisée sur l’analyse de l’actualité, la science politique se construit dans une tension contradictoire entre processus d’autonomisation et demandes nouvelles d’expertise sociale et politique dans une France en voie de modernisation.
Viability ofDicrocoelium dendriticum metacercariae inFormica polyctena ants after exposure to different treatments
Authors: Jensen A.B. , Malagocka J. , Eilenberg J. , Fredensborg B.L.
Published: March 2017

In the western world edible insects have gained increased recognition for their taste, nutritional value, and potential for commercial-scale production of foods for human consumption and animal feed. The presence of food-borne parasites in insects is therefore a concern due to the potential hazards it may cause consumers. In this study we developed a viability assay including trypsin treatment of trematodeDicrocoelium dendriticum metacercariae from the abdomen of the red wood antFormica polyctena. Then we tested the viability ofD. dendriticum metacecariae in relation to: (1) freezing (-20 and -80 °C); (2) boiling (100 °C); and (3) ethanol (50%). The metacercariae in all controlants were alive and displayed movements either in the cyst, or after excystation, whereas all metacercariae from all treatment groups were recorded as dead. Freezing at -20 or -80 °C for 30 min, boiling for 1 min or storage in 50% ethanol for 24 h proved effective in killing the lancet liver flukeD. dendriticum metacercariae.
Principles, Experiments, and Numerical Studies of Supercritical Fluid Natural Circulation System
Authors: Chen Lin
Published: March 2017

Due to the unique thermal and transport properties, Supercritical natural circulation loop (NCL, or thermosyphon) has been proposed in many energy conversion systems. This chapter presents the principals of supercritical natural circulation loop system and its application challenges. A specially designed experimental prototype system is introduced and compared with numerical findings. The system is operated in wide range of high pressures in the critical region. It is found that in a supercritical NCL system, very high Reynolds number natural convection flow can be achieved only by simple heating and cooling. Thermal performance analysis and parameter effects are carried out along with the experimental development. The heat transfer dependency on operation and its mechanisms are also explained and summarized in this chapter. The comparison of experimental and numerical results contributes to better understanding of NCL stability phenomena and applications in energy systems.
Application of Supercritical Technologies in Clean Energy Production
Authors: Anikeev Vladimir , Gasem Khaled A. M. , Fan Maohong
Published: March 2017

In this chapter the authors seek to acquaint the reader with unusual properties of supercritical fluids, and how these properties are used for various applications in the synthesis of biofuels and the intensification of energy processes and thermal cycles. The review includes the studies of leading scientists from around the world related to effective and environmentally friendly methods and technologies of energy acquisition and conversion involving the synthesis of motor fuels, materials and chemicals, solar energy conversion and thermal cycle efficiencies using supercritical fluids. A special place in the chapter is occupied by studies of the transformation of vegetable oils, algae and wood in supercritical alcohols, esters and water to produce biodiesel fuels and hydrogen.
Well-Being at Work
Authors: Karapinar Pinar Bayhan , Camgoz Selin Metin
Published: March 2017

Well-being is defined as individuals' subjective and global judgment whether the individual is experiencing the relative presence of positive emotions, the relative absence of negative emotions, and satisfaction with their life. This chapter addresses individuals' well-being at work, since work composes an important part of individuals' life experiences and has important effects on both employees' and organizations' effectiveness. For this purpose, this book chapter provides a comprehensive overview of well-being with respect to its predictors as well as its outcomes. More specifically, personality factors, job characteristics, and occupational stress are explored in terms of individual and organizational antecedents, whereas job satisfaction and work performance are utilized as outcomes of well-being. This chapter will be of interest to researchers, practitioners, and organizational consultants in providing a comprehensive guideline about the implications of well-being at work settings.
Cross-Cultural Management of the European Textile and Clothing Industries
Authors: Angelova Radostina A.
Published: March 2017

The European textile and clothing industries are among the best examples for global level business. The communication between people with different customs and cultures, which occupy different levels of the hierarchy in any company, requires cross-cultural competence and management abilities. The aim of the present chapter is to apply Hofstede's model and its national cultural dimensions to show its applicability in the cross-cultural management of the European textile and clothing industries. Hofstede's cultural dimensions could be a very important starting point for the managers at all levels of the companies' organizations as they give important knowledge of organizational responsibilities, job satisfaction, the interrelationship between workers and managers, communication style, leaderships and possible conflicts.
Relationship Among Work-Related Micro-OB Variables
Authors: Tiwari Vivek , Singh Surendra Kumar
Published: March 2017

The present study investigates the nature of job involvement and its impact on executive's satisfaction level in providing motivation finally leading to organizational commitment. A model has been developed which examines the relationship between the measurable constructs. The model explores the relationship between the executive's job involvement level and their outcome with satisfaction level, motivation and organizational Commitment (named ISMC Model). The results indicate there is a goodness-of-fit for the research model, which has been verified with different measures of goodness-of-fit. The path coefficients explained a significant amount of variation along with the identification that job involvement is a significant attribute in the present model. The study examines executive's perceptions and the significance of job involvement. Management specialists will recognize the dynamics of job involvement and its linkage with job satisfaction, motivation and organizational commitment in an organization.
Effect of Cynical Individual Factor on the Reverse Mobbing Tendency
Authors: Uysal H. Tezcan , Gedik İ. Alper
Published: March 2017

The purpose of this chapter is to reveal the interaction between the cynicism levels and reverse mobbing tendencies of employees under the same organizational climate. In line with this purpose, a study was performed via the survey method on 120 people in a public institute in Turkey. The sample size of the study is limited with the public institute included in the study due to cynicism and reverse mobbing levels vary in each organizational climate. The data obtained from the study were analyzed using the confidence, correlation, multiple regression and Kruskal-Wallis H tests. According to the results of these analyses, a medium-level positive significant relationship was determined between the cynicism levels and reverse mobbing tendencies of the employees. The cynicism dimension that increases the reverse mobbing tendency of the employees most was determined to be the behavioral cynicism with the coefficient of 1.922. As a result, cynicism was added to the literature as a new factor affecting the reverse mobbing significantly.
Social Media Users Collectively Speak Up
Authors: Kurambayev Bahtiyar
Published: March 2017

An analysis of online community activities in the former Soviet Union Kyrgyz Republic shows that social media can facilitate an effective organization and expression of ideas in a constrained media system. Specifically, online users were able to collectively and successfully speak their minds when the country's lawmakers planned costly projects, ultimately causing these plans to be dropped. Also social media users facilitated spreading information about the abuses of power and government incompetence in the 2010 and in 2005 revolutions, causing presidents flee the country in both cases. These findings suggest that the internet can facilitate a broad and effective civic and political engagement. The implications of these findings in this media restricted context are discussed in relation to collective action theory.
Political Participation in Mexico Offline and Through Twitter
Authors: Amador Julio , Piña-Garcia Carlos Adolfo
Published: March 2017

We used survey data and collected data from the online social network Twitter between October 5, 2015 to November 9, 2015 to provide an overview related to political participation in Mexico. With the former we provided a qualitative assessment of participation by examining electoral participation, participation between regions, interest in politics and sources of political information. With Twitter data, we described the intensity of participation, we identified locations of high activity and identified movements including agencies behind them. We compare and contrast participation in Mexico to its counterpart in Twitter. We show that participation seems to be decreasing. However, participation through Twitter seems to be increasing. Our research points towards the emergence of Twitter as a significant platform in terms of political participation in Mexico. Our study analyses the impact of how different agencies related to social movements can enhance participation through Twitter. We show that emergent topics are important because they could help to explore how politics becomes of public interest.
The Impact of Social Media on Social Movements
Authors: Eren-Erdoğmuş İrem , Ergun Sinem
Published: March 2017

The primary objective of this chapter is to analyze the support of social media for social movements within the context of the anti-consumption movement. Social media have proved to be strategic for initiating, organizing and communicating social movements. The anti-consumption movement is a trend of the postmodernism era that has not yet reached a large following. A secondary aim of this chapter is to analyze the similarities and differences in the support of social media for the anti-consumption movement between one developed and one emerging market. To achieve this goal, a content analysis was employed to analyze Facebook accounts of anti-consumption online communities in the USA and Turkey. The findings show that social media can be the right medium to increase coverage of social movements in society. Additionally, the online institutionalization and decentralized organization of the online community as well as stable social media sharing help support non-radical social movements like anti-consumption.
Organizational Learning as a Social Process
Authors: You Jieun , Kim Junghwan , Miller Sarah M
Published: March 2017

This chapter discusses about application of social capital and network approach to organizational learning research and practice. The shift of organizational learning perspective from a technical or system-structural perspective to a social or interpretative perspective highlights that organizational learning process is socially embedded and is based on social interaction/relationships. Social capital and network theories provides a conceptual framework to explain how organizational learning takes place as well as identifies social and network factors influencing organizational learning. Thus, the chapter provides implications for establishing a conceptual and methodological framework to describe and evaluate an organizational learning process by extensively reviewing the recent organizational learning research adopting social capital and network approach.