bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN WITH MID-DAY MEAL PROGRAM
Authors:   National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Bangladesh, Rahman Md Mushfiqur , Rashid Mortahina ,   National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Bangladesh, Mondol Lee Shanta ,   National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Bangladesh, Khan Md Arifuzzaman ,   National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Bangladesh, Nur Laila ,   National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Bangladesh, Hossain Munmun ,   National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Bangladesh, Hossain Rafia ,   National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine, Bangladesh
Published: August 2021

This study was conducted to determine the nutritional status of primary school children with the mid-day meal program. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 05 primary schools with the mid-day meal program of Sundarganj Upazila of Gaibandha district from January 01 to December 31, 2017. A total of 357 primary school children of class IV and class V were selected using a systematic sampling technique. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the school children of mid-day meal program schools. The anthropometric measurements such as weight, height and MUAC were measured for each child individually. Then weight and height were used to calculate the Z score to interpret nutritional status. The mean age of children was 10.83±1.03 years. The mean weight and mean height of children were 32.40±7.21 kg and 141.22±8.52 cm respectively, and the mean MUAC was 19.65±2.31 cm. It was revealed that 91.3% of children were normal by Height for Age (HAZ) and 89.1% were normal by Weight for Age (WAZ), and the remaining children were stunted and underweight respectively. 78.8% of children used anthelminthic drugs regularly and among them, 74.3% were normal in Weight for Age Z score. Socioeconomic status, dietary habit, physical activity and anthelminthic use by the child were found to be determinants of their nutritional status. Keywords: Mid-day meal, Primary school children, Nutrition, Anthropometric, Stunted, Underweight, School Health
INCIDENCE OF DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC FEVER AFTER THE EARTHQUAKE IN CENTRAL SULAWESI INDONESIA
Authors:   National Institute of Health Research and Development Unit Donggala, Ministry of Health Indonesia, Koraag Meiske Elisabeth
Published: August 2021

The earthquake can cause a potential transmission of the disease after the disaster. One of the infectious diseases that could potentially be a post-earthquake outbreak is Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). The earthquake, followed by a tsunami and liquefaction that struck Palu's city, Sigi's regency, and the regency of Donggala in Central Sulawesi in September 2018, led to the increased transmission of the dengue hemorrhagic fever disease in all three regions. This research aims to determine the incidence rate of DHF in the affected areas of the earthquake disaster in Central Sulawesi. The data used involved the number of DHF cases before and after the earthquake (2015- 2019) in Palu, Sigi, and Donggala. The data was obtained from the Health Office of Central Sulawesi Province. The results of the analysis showed that the Incidence Rate (IR) of DHF in 2019 was 165.94 (Palu), 77.13 (Sigi), and 62.86 (Donggala). Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever's IR increased after the earthquake in Palu, Sigi, and Donggala in 2019 that marked the outbreak of DHF in all three regions. The highest increase in the DHF cases was found in Palu. The efforts to improve the health system are needed by strengthening DHF diagnosis, DHF case reporting, vector surveillance, active temephos distribution, and community empowerment to reduce DHF vector breeding sites. Keywords: Earthquake, DHF, Outbreak
PREPARATION AND BARRIERS IN IMPLEMENTATION INTEROPERABILITY SYSTEMS AMONG HOSPITALS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors:   Hospital Administration, Department Faculty of Public Health Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia, Yasrizal Meutia Arini , Adisasmito Wiku Bakti Bawono ,   Health Policy and Administration Department Faculty of Public Health Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
Published: August 2021

Hospital Information System must provide innovative services in digitals era. The interoperability systems made data interconnected between hospitals, health services and the ministry of health. This system is urgently needed to improve National health services. The aim of the study to assess the preparation, barriers and benefit of interoperability system implementation. The study was a systematic review of journal articles by assessing several databases, from Pubmed, Proquest, EBSCO, and Springer Link to identify relevant studies with PRISMA. The keyword is “Health Information Interoperability, Hospital and Implementation”. Ten articles were obtained which matched the inclusion and exclusion criteria. These articles explained how the system can be applied, from the preparation of the infrastructure, such as the standard systems that have been adopted, Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) from Health Level 7 (HL7). The barriers were the standardized data between hospitals with same vendors, so the hospitals were reluctant to implement it. The benefit was the hospital services improve quality in accuracy, legibility, completeness and consistency of documents. Hoped that interoperability can make health information systems more effective by preventing repeated examinations and so that can reduce health costs. This system is a big challenge throughout the world, the role of government and policymakers is needed in implementation. Keywords: Health Information Interoperability, Hospital, Implementation, Systematic Review
MODELING OF ELECTRONIC STUDENT HEALTH RECORD FOR MONITORING STUDENT’S HEALTH BY COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER, SCHOOL AND PARENTS IN INDONESIA
Authors:   Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia, Siregar Kemal N. ,   Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Indonesia
Published: August 2021

Schools regularly collect student health data. School health is organized to improve the ability of students to live healthy so that students can learn, grow, and develop in harmony and become quality human resources. In Indonesia, school health priorities are included in the 3rd National MediumTerm Development Plan strategy. However, in Indonesia students, health data is underutilized because data documentation on paper causing some difficulties in terms of storage, use for monitoring and further analysis. The participation and involvement of parents, schools and community health centers in monitoring the health status of students today is still very limited due to the lack of information that can be accessed easily. Objectives: To design a student health record application model that can display student health examination results and connect the data to community health centers, schools and parents in real time. Method: Designing student health record application model with the context diagram, Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD), Table Relational Diagram (TRD), and user interface input and output. Results: The results of this study are a comprehensive student health record system model. The student health record will be applied in the form of mobile devices used by students and parents, which are connected to schools and community health centers by web-based platform. Conclusions: The student health record application model shows a systematic solution that is user friendly, immediately captures data, displays the dashboard in real time, directly connects to parents, schools and community health centers. All of this in the future if implemented properly can early detect student health problems and monitor the health status of students. Keywords: Student health record, real-time data, web-based application, dashboard, monitoring student’s health
“I AM NOT FULLY MEDICALIZED.”: A QUALITATIVE STUDY OF POST-NATAL CARE AMONG MALAYSIAN CHILD-BIRTHING WOMEN IN THE UNITED KINGDOM
Authors:   National Institute of Health Research and Development, Indonesia, Fitrianti Y.
Published: August 2021

Obstetric medicine and reproductive technology have been spread out worldwide and become the symbol of modernization. Its expansion might displace the traditional treatments which mostly are practiced by the people in developing countries. However, the Malaysian women who lived in a Western country and had a well-educated background still practiced the traditional treatments after giving birth. The study was conducted in 2016 at Durham, a county in the United Kingdom, and it utilized qualitative research by interviewing five Malaysian women who had a birth experience in the United Kingdom. The result of the study revealed that heating the body with hot stone has still mostly practiced by Malaysian women even living in the United Kingdom, where there were optional sophisticated technology and qualified medical professional. In addition, some of them still obeyed the recommended and prohibited foods ruled by the origin culture during the postpartum period. The treatment was conducted at home supported by the family and colleagues whose the same ethnicity and nationality. In conclusion, the national boundaries, high education, and the existence of sophisticated health technology and qualified medical professional are irrelated to why people still undertake traditional treatments. The treatment was primarily chosen because of its health effects on the body after treatments. Therefore, health policymakers have to know and consider the migrant‟s cultural values in order to make the health system convenient and appropriate to either the migrants‟ health. In addition, the study needs further research to find the effectiveness and efficacy of traditional treatments to women‟s health. Keywords: traditional treatments, postpartum period, humoral system, heat therapy, cultural value, Malaysian culture
RECOVERED MEMORIES OF ABUSE IN MENTAL ILLNESSES
Authors:   Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University (KDU), Sri Lanka, Solomons T.H
Published: August 2021

In most mental illnesses, abuse is considered an etiological factor, as a significantly high number of patients report memories of being abused. Yet, there is also a strong evidence base which suggests that recovered memories can be highly unreliable and that they can be creations of the current cognitive biases of individuals. Borderline personality disorder and dissociative disorders have long been linked to a history of abuse. In the current paper, the author discusses three patients; two diagnosed with Borderline personality disorder and the other diagnosed with a dissociative identity disorder. These patients were treated by the author in the private sector and analysis of the weekly treatment records were used for the findings of the current paper. All these patients were females who started treatment in their teenage years. All exhibited a treatment-resistant clinical picture and experienced many short-spaced relapses. After the lapse of about six months into psychotherapy, they accidentally discovered a strong memory of an abuse incident, which could not be traced to any known circumstances of their lives. The memory was highly unlikely to have occurred in reality. Yet, the discovery of the memory and subsequent cognitive processing of the implications and the visual content of these memories marked a notable improvement in the patient. With further treatment, all three were in the remission stage. Therefore, the author feels that patients may have abusive memories, which may or may not be necessarily linked to real life circumstances, yet may strongly influence the patient’s symptoms. However, despite the validity of these memories, it is clear that these memories should be treated as significant by clinicians who treat mental illnesses. Keywords: mental illnesses, abusive memories, psychotherapy, recovered memories
Development of Innovative Live Design Project (ILDP) based on IC-PBL for Higher Education
Authors:   Hanyang University, South Korea, Kim Youbin
Published: August 2021

The purpose of this study is to develop an innovation model through industry-academia cooperation by grafting the concept of IC-PBL onto design methodologies and design processes. Another purpose is to evaluate the field applicability of the model by implementing a model-based project. First, as for the research method, an ILDP (Innovative Live Design Project) model was derived by grafting the design process onto the concept of IC-PBL. Second, a syllabus based on the model was presented, and the live design project implemented in the actual education. Third, through a questionnaire with 11 students who participated in the course, data on the field suitability of the model were derived. Three corporate executives and professors evaluated the innovativeness of the students’ design outcomes. As a result, the level of understanding and the difficulty of activities were shown to be high, exceeding the average values. Positive factors included ‘experience in actual company works’ and ‘experience in the feedback of persons in charge of actual work’. In addition, the evaluation of innovativeness, there were opinions that the viewpoint of problem solutions was remarkable, and the design outcomes were judged to have innovativeness. However, time allocation caused by continuous feedbacks of clients showed as the factor of problem, which should be improved for highly satisfactory through the refinement of time allocation of decision-making process. Therefore, the experiences gained from the practice based live project show that the ILDP model appropriate in aspects of the field suitability. Also, the reflections through industry linked courses improve students not only to be more responsible future practitioners but also to produce innovative outcomes. Keywords: Live Design Project, Innovative Design Learning Model, IC-PBL, Higher Education
Non-Native English Teachers Interpretation of Rubrics Used for Assessing Students’ Writing
Authors:   Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Indonesia, Sitorus Mei Lusiana
Published: August 2021

The benefits of rubrics as teaching learning tools have been identified specifically for performance-based assessment in language. In Indonesia, the ability to produce quality written work has become a necessity to complete higher education but it remained unclear how learning and assessment on this area were conducted. This paper focused on exploring the use of rubrics by four non-native teachers’ working for a private ESL school in Indonesia for assessing students’ writing tasks. The study investigated how the teachers’ current practice and how they approached rubrics for assessing writing by means of both closed and open-ended surveys. Additionally, an analysis of the assessed essay against the rubrics was conducted to identify interrater reliability. The results showed that the teachers had positive attitude towards rubrics, used rubrics regularly and approached rubrics in a similar fashion which was to use them as an assessment tool but not learning tool. There was an identified interrater inconsistency in the scoring results. Additionally, the teachers put a lot more focus on Grammar, Spelling and Punctuation category than on the other two categories (Function & Content, and Cohesion & Coherence). The implication of the study calls for more effective use of rubrics as teaching and learning tools by the teachers as well as the provision of teacher training which enable the teachers to do so and consequently resulting in improvement of interrater reliability. Keywords: rubrics, interpretation of rubrics, non-native teachers, English writing, writing assessment
Microfluidics 2 - Mold Fabrication: UV Lithography v2
Authors: Sevli Serhat , C. Yunus Sahan not provided
Published: August 2021

Su8 is a photoresist resin used in MEMS technology for thick structures. PDMS microfluidic chips fabrication is suitable for SU8+Si wafer molds. This protocol describes the direct UV laser lithography application performed in our laboratories.
Microfluidics 3 - Mold Fabrication: 3D Printing v1
Authors: Sevli Serhat , C. Yunus Sahan not provided
Published: August 2021

Su8 is a photoresist resin used in MEMS technology for thick structures. PDMS microfluidic chips fabrication is suitable for SU8+Si wafer molds. This protocol describes the Direct UV laser lithography application performed in our laboratories.
Microfluidics 4: PDMS Chip Soft Lithography v2
Authors: Sevli Serhat , C. Yunus Sahan not provided
Published: August 2021

Microfluidics materials are of various types and application-specific. PDMS is one of the most preferred and cost-effective solutions for research and low-volume manufacturing. After having the mold, PDMS replicas are generated by a technique called soft-lithography. This protocol describes the preparation of PDMS microchannels using SU8 molds or 3D Printed molds by the soft lithography technique.
Microfluidics 5: PDMS Microchannel Bonding on Glass/PDMS v2
Authors: Sevli Serhat , C. Yunus Sahan not provided
Published: August 2021

Microfluidic chips, made of PDMS, are one-side open when fabricated. Another layer of glass, PDMS, or etc is needed. Liquid seal is provided by complete covalent bonding between layers or by external forces like threads, magnets or similar factors. This protocol describes the covalent bonding of PDMS on glass by air plasma technique.
Microfluidics 1 - Mold Fabrication: Spin Coating of Photoresist v3
Authors: S Serhat , C. Yunus Sahan not provided
Published: August 2021

Microfluidic Lab-on-a-chip technology has several different materials and fabrication methods. PDMS (PolyDiMethylSiloxane) is a well-known material and due to its several advantages, it is one of the most prefered material. PDMS chip fabrication technique requires an initial master mold on which replicates can be done. Su8 is a photoresist resin used in MEMS technology for relatively thick structures. PDMS microfluidic chips fabrication is suitable for SU8+Si wafer molds. This protocol describes the coating of SU8 photoresist on silicon wafers by spin coating method in our laboratories.
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Authors: not provided health
Published: August 2021

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Impacto del viaje de Freire a Valencia
Authors: Roca Esther , Gómez Bretones Susana , Carbonell Sevilla Sara , Canal Barbany Josep María
Published: August 2021

En las publicaciones de este viaje de Freire, se detectan errores que invisibilizan tanto su impacto como a quienes lo hicieron posible. Se ha realizado un análisis de la documentación, 6 entrevistas a personas que hicieron posible el viaje, 6 a profesionales y 2 familiares de Valencia que están transformando sus escuelas y 2 observaciones dialógicas. Los resultados dejan claro: 1) Quienes proponen este viaje tanto a Freire como a la Consejería son Flecha y Jesús Gómez “Pato”. 2) El motivo es la aprobación por el parlamento valenciano de la Ley de Formación de Personas Adultas, cuyo “Informe y borrador para su anteproyecto” se había encargado a Flecha, quien fue contratado para elaborarlo. 3) Algunas publicaciones obvian ambos hechos deformando el sentido de este viaje y la propia obra Freireana. 4) El impacto ha sido más profundo en su educación infantil, primaria y secundaria, y más pasajero en su educación de personas adultas. 5) Los valores compartidos por la educación valenciana llevan a que cada vez más personas reclamen superar esas deformaciones y dar merecido reconocimiento a quienes nos proporcionaron la oportunidad de tener aquí a Paulo.
Dampak Moderasi Perilaku Knowledge Sharing dan Teamwork terhadap Produktivitas Dosen
Authors: Tupamahu Fenri Abraham Stevi , Pelamonia Merryll , Pinoa Wiclif S.
Published: August 2021

Abstract: This study aims to: (1) examine the effect of teamwork work activities on the productivity of lecturers at the Faculty of Social Sciences, Pattimura University; and (2) determine the role of moderating knowledge sharing behavior between the effects of teamwork work activities on the productivity of lecturers at the Faculty of Social Sciences, Pattimura University. This type of research is causal research. The unit of analysis in this study was the individual lecturer at the Social Sciences Department of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education at Pattimura University. The total number of lecturers at the Faculty of Social Sciences, Pattimura University is 72 people. The sampling method uses nonprobability methods, sampling using purposive sampling technique. Determination of the sample is based on judgment (judgment sampling). The results of the study explain that knowledge sharing behavior is not a variable that directly affects the productivity of Social Sciences lecturers at the Faculty of Social Sciences, Pattimura University, but interacts with teamwork. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan: (1) menguji pengaruh aktivitas kerja teamwork terhadap produktivitas dosen Jurusan IPS FKIP Universitas Pattimura; dan (2) menentukan peran moderasi perilaku knowledge sharing antara pengaruh aktivitas kerja teamwork terhadap produktivitas dosen Jurusan IPS FKIP Universitas Pattimura. Jenis penelitian ini merupakan riset causal. Unit analisis pada penelitian ini adalah individu dosen Jurusan IPS FKIP Universitas Pattimura. Keseluruhan jumlah dosen Jurusan IPS FKIP Universitas Pattimura sebanyak 72 orang. Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode nonprobabilitas, pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Penentuan sampel berdasarkan pertimbangan (judgment sampling). Hasil penelitian menjelaskan perilaku knowledge sharing tidak sebagai variabel yang mempengaruhi langsung terhadap produktivitas dosen Jurusan IPS FKIP Universitas Pattimura, namun berinteraksi terhadap teamwork.
Texting y comprensión lectora en estudiantes de telesecundaria
Authors: Castillo Hernández José Andrés
Published: August 2021

¿Qué impacto ha tenido el uso del lenguaje texting en la comprensión lectora? Las conclusiones obtenidas permitieron ver los impactos: Internacional: esta investigación en la primera en español, el lenguaje texting es un sub lenguaje adoptado de las prácticas de escritura en las redes sociales en el habla inglesa, en un principio por economía monetaria según el antecedente del código Philip (Lippmann, 1921), aunque también es ocupado por la rapidez y simpleza del lenguaje, a diferencia del idioma ingles que su característica es la contracción y uso de siglas en este, la riqueza del español necesitaba un estudio para saber si este sub lenguaje afectaba la comprensión lectora en los usuarios. Nacional: en este ámbito es novedoso el estudio ya que no existe precedente de conocer que sucede con este sublenguaje.
Análisis de las prescripciones potencialmente inapropiadas en un servicio de medicina interna según los criterios de BEERS
Authors: Ankah Anka Rawi , Rojano Rada Jairo
Published: August 2021

Objetivo: Análisis de las prescripciones potencialmente inapropiadas en un servicio de medicina interna según los criterios de Beers. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de único centro, transversal, en pacientes de consulta externa, hospitalización y emergencia del servicio de Medicina Interna del Hospital Central del Instituto Venezolano de los Seguros Sociales (IVSS) “Dr. Miguel Pérez Carreño”, aplicando los criterios de Beers en pacientes mayores de 65 años. Resultados: La población estuvo representada por 300 pacientes, con una edad media de 73 ± 7, un 51,7% correspondió al sexo femenino, la mayoría de los pacientes provinieron de la unidad de consulta externa con 55,3% y presentaban un grado de instrucción en el nivel de primaria con 51,6% (n = 155). El antecedente personal más relevante fue la HTA con 69,7%. Los AINES se constituyeron los fármacos más formulados con 35.3%, el principal rango de prescripción inadecuada de medicamentos (PIM) se ubicó entre de 2 – 4 medicamentos con 53,5%, y la relación de PIM y multimorbilidad el principal grupo fue de 2 – 4 medicamentos con 50,7%, no siendo estadísticamente significativo (p=  0,310), Conclusión: Se observo que  los pacientes > 65 años de consulta externa y hospitalización, tuvieron una elevada prescripción inadecuada de medicamentos según los criterios de Beers, con predominio del sexo femenino.
Análisis De Las Causas Externas De La Situación De Desnutrición De Niños Indígenas Wayuu En Maicao
Authors: Caicedo Coronado Carlos Arturo
Published: August 2021

Analizar las causas externas de la situación de desnutrición de niños indígenas wayuu entre 2.018 y 2.020 en Maicao, se afronta como una visión informativa, tratando de develar dichas causas externas; siendo observadas desde las dinámicas económicas del municipio, el medio ambiente y disponibilidad de acceso a tierras y servicios públicos; así mismo, desde las decisiones y acciones gubernamentales. Según los objetivos propuestos el estudio corresponde a una investigación enmarcada en el paradigma científico cualitativo, dentro del enfoque fenomenológico interpretativo, bajo la óptica de diseño de campo. Se recaudó datos usando como método de recolección de datos varias fuentes de información primaria, a familias Wayuu referentes al tema, investigaciones previas.
Violencia Intra Familiar, Un Fenomeno En Crecimiento Y Un Estado Sin Estrategias Efectivas Para Prevenirlo
Authors: Mares Gómez Leovaldo Enrique
Published: August 2021

La violencia intrafamiliar es un fenómeno social que crece exponencialmente en medio de políticas y estrategias ineficaces o insuficientes a la hora de prevenir en crecimiento del problema. Se entiende por violencia intrafamiliar toda aquella acción que vulnera física o psicológicamente a una persona dentro de su entorno familiar u hogar. Las bases del presente artículo tienen su origen en una investigación previa cuyo propósito fue identificar los factores de riesgo asociados a la violencia intrafamiliar y el papel que juegan las entidades del Estado a la hora de ayudar para que estos factores se reduzcan, previniendo el fenómeno y generando medidas de protección reales para las víctimas.
Estrategias para el desarrollo ecoturístico en la subregión sur del Magdalena, Cesar y Bolívar
Authors: Chajín Flórez Miguel , Mendoza Vega Lilia , Chajín Huertas Sandra , Lastra Guerrero Aylin
Published: August 2021

En el presente artículo se muestra la aplicación de un enfoque de potencialidades de desarrollo en la subregión de los departamentos de Magdalena, César y Bolívar. La aplicación del enfoque es al desarrollo ecoturístico de seis municipios de la citada región. La metodología es mixta, en un marco dialógico. Los resultados permitirán elaborar propuestas tendientes a identificar el patrimonio tangible e intangible de la subregión de Magdalena, César y Bolívar, en un marco de glocalización y desarrollo sostenible. Se encuentra la conjugación de dos macrovariables, las propias de la Teoría de Potencialidades de Desarrollo y las otras, correspondientes al turismo ecológico. Se presenta el resultado de la aplicación de una encuesta a 300 personas de seis municipios. Con el resultado obtenido de 2,3; se puede inferir que el ecoturismo no se considera como apuesta productiva para la subregión, considerándose más lo agropecuario y comercial.
Reconocimiento Financiero de la Gestión Ambiental en Empresas que Generan Impactos Directos
Authors: Sandoval Marín Sandra Milena , Pérez Trejos Leidy Karina
Published: August 2021

El objetivo de este artículo es revisar los enfoques teóricos y legales vigentes en la contabilidad ambiental a nivel nacional e internacional, para identificar los criterios del reconocimiento financiero que aplican las empresas que generan impactos ambientales directos. Por consiguiente, se realizó una investigación documental para identificar marcos teóricos y normativos propuestos desde la teoría del desarrollo sostenible; la evolución de la contabilidad y su vínculo con el medio ambiente, sus criterios y relevancia; el panorama medio ambiental en el territorio colombiano y las mismas aportaciones que tienen la contabilidad ambiental dentro de la Responsabilidad Empresarial; así como de los beneficios y normativas tributarias para el sector empresarial.
Appropriate Social Media Platforms Commensurate with the Maturity of Organizations
Authors: Hanafizadeh Payam , Shafia Sepideh
Published: August 2021

As digital technologies advance, the digital world is integrated with the real one through various digital platforms. Digital transformation in organizations is essentially based on emerging technologies and social and digital platforms. The purpose of this study is to help organizations choose the appropriate platforms to interact with customers and participate in the digital world in accordance with the maturity they gain in using these digital technologies. The present research, by synthesizing empirical studies on the use of various social platforms in organizations, provides a conceptual map of the relationship between the platform type and the maturity stage of organizations. According to the findings of this study, general social networks are suitable platforms for organizations with the first-stage maturity characteristics. Various social networks and creativity works sharing sites were recognized as suitable for the second stage; and public blogs and educational materials sharing for the third stage. Microblogs, discussion forums, and business networking sites are also appropriate for organizations with the characteristics of stages four and five. Using the findings of this research, organizations will be able to identify a social platform appropriate to their stage of readiness and maturity and make the most out of its benefits.
Cholelithiasis and laparoscopic cholecystectomy: identifying the appropriate time for operative intervention
Authors: Kotecha Ravi , Kotecha Vishwa
Published: August 2021

Background: Cholelithiasis is the most common among hepatobiliary disease and often requires surgical intervention. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard nowadays. This research paper was done to know appropriate time for laparoscopic cholecystectomy and how much improvement will we get after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Methods: In our prospective observational study, 118 patients of cholelithiasis, 59 with dyspepsia in one group and 59 without dyspepsia in another group were taken. Both groups patients were analysed with Bucklay validated dyspeptic score before and after laparoscopic cholecystectomy till 6 months postoperatively for score improvement.Results: In our study, we confirmed that there was improvement in Buckley validated dyspeptic score in both group of patients with dyspepsia and without dyspepsia 6 month after laparoscopic cholecystectomy but not complete improvement. Improvement in Buckley validated dyspeptic score 6 months after laparoscopic cholecystectomy was more in patients with less duration of symptoms and less frequency of episode preoperatively and in non-dyspeptic patients.Conclusions: We could conclude that even earlier surgery after onset of symptoms didn’t result in complete resolution of symptoms in both groups particularly in group B (patients with dyspepsia). We can say that weather it is dyspeptic or non-dyspeptic gallstone disease, it has benefit from laparoscopic cholecystectomy but we can also say that improvement achieved is not complete as after laparoscopic cholecystectomy there were still number of patients who had Buckley validated score more than 6 in both groups after 6 months of surgery.
Outcomes of transecting urethroplasty in management of different types of bulbar urethral strictures: single center experience
Authors: Atwa Ayman Moussa , Hassan Ayman Ahmed , Orabi Samir Shabaan , Elgamal Samir Abdelhakim , Elgamal Osama Mostafa
Published: August 2021

Background: The study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of transecting bulbar urethroplasty techniques used for management of bulbar urethral stricture as regards the success rate and sexual dysfunction.Methods: Our study was a prospective study and it was carried out at urology department Tanta university, Egypt. The study was approved our ethical committee and an informed consent was obtained from all participants. Thirty patients underwent transecting urethroplasty either excision and primary anastomosis (EPA) or augmented anastomotic urethroplasty. Assessment of the sexual function by sexual health inventory for men (SHIM) questionnaire and postoperatively. Retrograde urethrogram (RGU) and micturating cystourethrogram (MCUG) were performed by an experienced urological surgeon.Results: The age of studied patients ranged from 15-72 years with a mean of  41±13.87. The length of stricture ranged from 2-3 cm with a mean of 2.57±0.38. The stricture was non obliterative in 13 patients (43.3%), obliterative in 4 patients (13.3%) and near obliterative in 13 patients (43.3%). Anastomotic urethroplasty was carried out in 20 out of 30 patients (66.7%) and augmented anastomotic urethroplasty was carried out in 10 out of 30 patients (33.3%). The success rate was 90%. As regard erectile dysfunction, 5 patients reported erectile dysfunction (16.7%).Conclusions: Anastomotic urethroplasty of short segment bulbar strictures continues to have excellent success rates and durability, but some patients who undergo anastomotic urethroplasty experience de novo sexual dysfunction.
Protective effect of calpain inhibition on contrast induced nephropathy in rats
Authors: Öztop Kenan E.
Published: August 2021

Background: Although the underlying mechanisms of contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) is unclear, some mechanisms are suspected such as direct toxic effects of contrast media (CM) and oxidative stress. In this study, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and protective effects of calpain inhibitor-1 (CAL-1) were investigated in experimental model of CIN.Methods: Twenty-eight Sprague Dawley female rats, aged 8-10 weeks were used. CIN was induced by administration of high-osmolal CM diatrizoate (6 ml/kg) after 48 h of dehydration into the tail vein. Rats of CAL-1 and CM + CAL-1 groups were administered Cal I-1 (10 mg/kg, IP) 30 minutes before administration of CM. Kidney function parameters, renal tissue oxidative stress markers were measured. At the end of the study Renal tissues were dyed with Hematoxylin-Eosin, periodic acid shiff (PAS) and TUNEL paints.Results: Increases of serum creatinine (Cr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels in CM group were significantly high than control group (p<0.002, p<0.002, respectively). BUN and Cr levels of CM + CAL-1 group were significantly lower than those in CM group (p<0.002, p<0.007, respectively). Tissue oxidative stress markers in CM + CAL-1 group were lower than in CM group. CM group had a significant increase in apoptotic cells with TUNEL staining. There was a significant reduction in apoptotic cells in CM + CAL-1 group compared to CM group.Conclusions: It has been determined that CAL-1 provides protection of renal functions by preventing the increase of oxidative stress and apoptosis in the experimentally created CIN model in rats.
Carotid artery diameter assessment in men and women and the relation to age, sex and body mass index using ultrasonography
Authors: Ojaare Magaji G. , Annongu Terkimbi I. , Msuega Chia D. , Mohammad Hameed O. , Farati Abubakar , Alexander Angbalaga , Umer Bulus P.
Published: August 2021

Background: Carotid artery dimensions are increasingly used for detecting early atherosclerosis and predicting clinical complications. Aim was to explore relationships between gender, age and body mass index (BMI) and the diameters of the common carotid artery (CCA) and internal carotid artery (ICA) using ultrasonography.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital between February-October, 2011. The 400 adult males and females above 18 years underwent carotid artery ultrasonography for measurement of the IMT of the common and internal carotid arteries. The influence of age, sex, weight, height, and the basal metabolic index (BMI) was investigated.Results: There were 239 (59.80%) males and 161 (40.20%) females aged between 18 to 81 years (Mean±SD, 36.74±14.79 years). The mean±SD diameters for right common carotid artery (RCCA) and left common carotid artery (LCCA) were 6.39±0.71mm and 6.28±0.74mm respectively. The right internal carotid artery (RICA) and left internal carotid artery (LICA) had mean±SD diameters of 4.63±0.63 mm and 4.61±0.63 mm respectively. The luminal diameters of the carotid arteries increased significantly with age and increased BMI. The luminal diameters of the CCA and ICA were significantly smaller in women than in men.Conclusions: Common carotid and internal carotid artery luminal diameter tends to be larger in men than women among adults and increases with age and BMI. There is no difference in the luminal diameter between the left and right carotid artery.
Blood biochemical abnormalities of intensive care unit patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, single center experience in Bangladesh
Authors: Naznin Bidoura , Ghosh Mousumi , Rabbani Raihan , Yesmin Israt , Rahman Arebia
Published: August 2021

Background: Since its emergence, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread worldwide, and led to ever-increasing mortality. SARS-CoV-2 infection perturbs the function of the body’s vital organs, making patients of all ages susceptible to the disease. Nevertheless, individuals developing critical illness with poor outcomes were mostly the elderly and people with co-morbid conditions, who constituted the vast majority of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) fatalities. Complications of COVID-19 mostly involve the respiratory, renal and cardiovascular systems, and in severe cases secondary infections leading to pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome, which may precede the death of the patient. Multi-organ failure in individuals with COVID-19 could be a consequence of their co-morbidities. It is hoped that the review will lead to more comprehensive understanding of this complex disease. The aim of the study was to evaluate biochemical abnormalities during SARS-CoV-2 infection of ICU patients.Methods:This observational study was conducted in Square Hospital Limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh, on 50 patients received ICU treatment with moderate to severe COVID-19 symptoms admitted to this hospital from 15 July to 15 September 2020.Results: Among the participants most of them were 19 (38%) belongs to 65-74 years age group male 38 (78.00%) were dominating the gender distribution. IL6, CRP, creatinine and troponin were found the most significant in biochemical blood parameters. The maximum level of comorbidity was observed due to diabetes mellitus, ischemic heart disease, and hypertension.Conclusions:Biochemical parameters may be used as an indicator of COVID-19 infections and the severity of ICU patients. For the consistency of the course of patients, the markers could be used.
Study of serum lipid profile and serum lipo-protein (a) in type II diabetes mellitus patients compared to non-diabetics
Authors: Rao J. Prathyusha , Thota Abhinav
Published: August 2021

Background: This study helps us in evaluating present Indian scenario of lipid and diabetic portfolio, and advices about how aggressive treatment should be for immediate control of blood sugars and lipids are to minimize the cardiovascular risks. The objective of this study was to evaluate the serum lipid profile and lipo-protein (a) levels in comparison to patients with type II diabetics with non-diabetics.Methods:It was a hospital-based case control study conducted on patients presenting with signs and symptoms of diabetes mellitus and confirmed on doing appropriate investigation. 200 patients of which 100 were non-diabetic (control) and 100 type II diabetic patients, of which fifty were type II diabetics were on oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA) and 50 were on insulin only, were selected after matching for age and sex. Lipid profile, serum lipoprotein (a), ECG, 2D echo was studied in these patients.Results: The males were more (74%) than females (26%) among the cases. Fasting blood sugar, post prandial blood sugar and HbA1c were significantly more in cases. Triglycerides, LDL, VLDL and lipoprotein (a) were significantly more in cases. ST shift (mm) and T wave inversions were significantly more in cases compared to controls (p<0.05). Mean ejection fraction was significantly reduced in cases compared to controls. FBS and PPBS were not significantly different in two groups of OHA and insulin but HbA1c was significantly better controlled in insulin group than OHA group.Conclusions:Lipid profile and lipoprotein (a) as well as ECG and 2D echo parameters were significantly worse in diabetes patients. Hence appropriate management is important to prevent risk of complications.
A retrospective observational study of poisoning and hanging cases during lockdown as a marker of emotional tide of COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary care center in Northwestern India
Authors: Singh Aradhana , Nawal C. L. , Saini H. L. , . Khusboo , Yadav Abhishek , Meena P. D.
Published: August 2021

Background: In January 2020, WHO declared the outbreak of a new coronavirus disease COVID-19 to be a public health emergency of international concern. Worldwide lockdown led to panic, mass unemployment, poverty and domestic violence. The present study was designed to observe the impact of lockdown on the spectrum of medico-legal cases being admitted with drastic events of poisoning and hanging.Methods:In this retrospective, observational and comparative study, around 131 patients were recruited from the admitted patients in the medicine wards in SMS medical college and hospital during COVID-19 lockdown period from 23 March 2020 to 31 May 2020 after applying inclusion and exclusion criterias. Their clinical profile were noted and comparatively assessed with patients admitted in medicine wards during adjoining pre-lockdown period, that is, from 12 January 2020 to 22 March 2020.Results: Out of 131 cases recruited during lockdown period, hanging cases were 10 (8%) while it was 10 cases out of 213 (5% )during pre-lockdown period. Organophosphorus poisoning was 4.5% and 1.4%, celphos poisoning was 3.8% and 2.3%, rat killer poisoning was 3.05% and 1.4% during lockdown and pre-lockdown period respectively. Cases due to ingestion of other than the major group of poisoning were lower (3.8%) during lockdown period while it was 10.3% during pre-lockdown period.Conclusions:Extreme negative behavioral changes precipitated by corona and this might be aggravated further by complete lockdown, to which people resorted to the means which were easily available to them at home like hanging and common poisonings.
Electrocardiography can be a clue to underlying cardiomyopathy
Authors: Malik Atiullah Imran , Mangudkar Sangram , Ponvijaya Yadav , Gokhale Vijayashree
Published: August 2021

Background: Electrocardiography (ECG) is an accessible, low cost diagnostic and prognostic tool. Recent studies have shown increased risk of deaths associated with cardiomyopathy and to study the patients with symptoms of cardiomyopathy on basis of ECG.Methods: A total of 50 patients were explained the procedure and the purpose of the study, informed consent was taken from the patient or the relative in a language they can understand. Required physical examination and necessary investigations were carried out. In our study, maximum subjects had normal voltage (80%) low voltage ECG findings were in 20%, normal QRS complex in 78%, wide QRS complex in 20% LBBB/RBBB in 24%. Evidence of ischemia like T wave changes in 34%, ST wave changes in 24% and tachycardia (26%). Thus ECG can give a clue for diagnosing cardiomyopathy and guide us for further managements but it is not a diagnostic marker for it since most of the patients had normal ECG findings.Results: In our study, electrocardiogram findings among patients are: Maximum subjects had normal voltage (80%). Low voltage ECG findings were in 20%. Normal QRS complex in 78%, wide QRS complex in 20% LBBB/RBBB in 24%. Evidence of ischemia in 58% and tachycardia (26%).Conclusions: ECG is an accessible, low cost diagnostic and prognostic tool. Most common findings in cardiomyopathy is biventricular hypertrophy and left bundle branch block with wide QRS complex, low voltage ECG and ST changes as also seen in present study. Thus, ECG can be initial investigation for cardiomyopathy and can give us clue for further investigations and management.
Epidemiology of lung cancer in Eastern India with focus on histopathological subtypes and smoking history: a single rural tertiary center experience
Authors: Banerjee Sanatan , Bhattacharya Biswamit , Perumondla Madhusudan
Published: August 2021

Background: Lung cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Smoking remains the commonest risk factor for development of lung cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the histopathological subtypes and smoking history among patients with lung cancer.Methods: This was a retrospective observational study that included all the patients attending Radiotherapy OPD of Burdwan Medical College during 2017 and 2018. Demographic data, smoking history, comorbidities, symptoms, smoking history, histology of lung cancer, stage at presentation, site of metastasis, and site of lesions were collected.Results: There were 484 patients, with a median age of 59 years, of which 82.4% were men and 17.6% were women. The men-to-women ratio was 4.7:1. Regular smoking was common in patients with lung cancer (72.7%). Total 12.4% of patients had small-cell carcinoma; of the 87.6% patients with non-small-cell carcinoma, the most common histology was adenocarcinoma (44.6%), followed by squamous cell (38.4%), large cell (17.0%). The most common metastatic sites were lung (42.1%) followed by bone (34.1%), lymph node (15.9%), liver (2.7%), vertebra (2.5%), pleura (2.1%), and anterior chest wall (0.6%). A larger proportion of men (92.6%) were smokers as compared women. There was a statistically higher occurrence of adenocarcinoma in smokers than in non-smokers (62.2% vs. 2.4%; p<0.001). The majority of patients with a smoking history (73.0%) were found to have advanced cancer (Stage IV).Conclusions: The present study confirmed that apart from smoking history, demographic characteristics appear to have an impact on lung cancer development.
Factors associated with depression among patients with chronic kidney disease on regular hemodialysis in Wangaya regional hospital Denpasar
Authors: Wicaksana A. A. Gede Oka Suta , Seputra Desak Putu Gayatri Saraswati , Sunaka I. Wayan
Published: August 2021

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) still poses a significant health challenges in both developed and developing countries. Patients with CKD, especially those who require regular hemodialysis tend to experience alteration in psychological status. Depression is one of the most common psychiatric disorders found in patients with end-stage CKD undergoing regular hemodialysis.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional analytic study aimed to identify factors associated with depression among patients with CKD on regular hemodialysis in Wangaya regional hospital. Study sample was all CKD patients who were on regular hemodialysis on February to March 2021. This study was done by questionnaire fulfilment with verbal interview. Additional data were also obtained from medical records. Beck depression index (BDI) questionnaire was used to evaluate depression.Results: Sixty four samples were included in this study. Majority of the sample were male (75%), aged >50 years (71.9%), with low educational status (75%), were married (85.9%), unemployed (67.2%), had duration of hemodialysis of <2 years (64.1%) and had single co-morbidity (62.5%). Depression was found in 29.7% patients. Unemployment (p=0.05), duration of hemodialysis of >2 years (p<0.001) and multiple co-morbidities (p=0.02) were significantly associated with depression.Conclusions:It is important to routinely screen hemodialysis patient for depression. Several individual determinants including sociodemographic factors, duration of hemodialysis and co-morbidities should be considered as they may correlate to the incidence of depression.