bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Penggunaan Dedak Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L.) sebagai Pengganti Jagung dalam Konsentrat terhadap Kecernaan Nutrien dan Konsentrasi Gas Metana In Vitro
Authors: Beoang Martha Muko , Kleden Markus M. , Enawati Luh Sri
Published: January 2023

Limbah pertanian merupakan salah satu sumberdaya yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber pakan seperti dedak dari tanaman sorgum. Riset ini dilakukan guna mengetahui pengaruh pemanfaatan dedak sorgum dalam konsentrat   terhadap kecernaan bahan kering (KcBK), kecernaan bahan organik (KcBO), dan konsentrasi metana (CH4) secara in vitro. Riset ini memakai Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan serta 4 ulangan. Perlakuannya meliputi S0: konsentrat tanpa dedak sorgum, S1: konsentrat yang mengandung 25% dedak sorgum pengganti jagung, S2: konsentrat yang mengandung 50% dedak sorgum pengganti jagung, serta S3: konsentrat yang mengandung 75% dedak sorgum pengganti jagung. Nilai rerata dari kecernaan bahan kering adalah 71,29-77,71%, kecernaan bahan organik 70,61-76,61%, konsentrasi CH4 adalah 51735,81-61415,63 ml/L. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan berpengaruh sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap kecernaan bahan kering dan kecernaan bahan organik, serta berpengaruh tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap konsentrasi CH4. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan level dedak sorgum sampai 75% selaku pengganti jagung dalam konsentrat bisa menambah kecernaan bahan kering serta kecernaan bahan organik, tetapi konsentrasi metana yang dihasilkan relatif sama.
Agricultural waste is one of the resources that can be used as a source of feed such as bran from sorghum plants. This research was conducted to determine the effect of using sorghum bran in concentrate on dry matter digestibility (KcBK), organic matter digestibility (KcBO), and methane (CH4) concentration in vitro. This research used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments included S0: concentrate without sorghum bran, S1: concentrate containing 25% sorghum bran substitute for corn, S2: concentrate containing 50% sorghum bran substitute for corn, and S3: concentrate containing 75% sorghum bran substitute for corn. The mean value of dry matter digestibility was 71.29-77.71%, organic matter digestibility was 70.61-76.61%, CH4 concentration was 51735.81-61415.63 ml/L. The results showed that the treatment had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on dry matter digestibility and organic matter digestibility, and an insignificant effect (P>0.05) on CH4 concentration. It can be concluded that the use of sorghum bran levels up to 75% as a substitute for corn in concentrate can increase dry matter digestibility and organic matter digestibility, but the concentration of methane produced is relatively the same.
BIOASSAY, CHARACTERIZATION AND ESTIMATION OF SIDEROPHORES FROM SOME IMPORTANT ANTAGONISTIC FUNGI
Authors:   Molecular Mycopathology Laboratory, Biological Control Unit, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Rahara, Kolkata 118, West Bengal, India., Ghosh Swapan Kr , Banerjee Subhankar ,   Molecular Mycopathology Laboratory, Biological Control Unit, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Rahara, Kolkata 118, West Bengal, India., Sengupta Chandan ,   Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, Nadia, India
Published: January 2023

The primary mechanisms of plant disease suppression by biological control agents are by production of antimicrobial secondary metabolites like siderophores, antibiotics, volatile substances etc. Siderophores are low molecular iron chelating compounds produced by fungi and bacteria under iron stress condition. The present study is focused on the detection, estimation and characterisation of siderophores from different soil borne fungal biocontrol agents like Trichoderma spp., Beauveria spp. and Metarhizium spp. Isolates of Trichoderma have shown positive results in CAS agar plate whereas Beauveria and Metarhizium have shown negative results. The isolates with positive results were opted for characterization and quantitative estimation of siderophore. T. harzianum produced a maximum percentage of siderophore (85.00%), followed by T. viride (65.50%), T. asperellum (60.27%) and T. longibrachiatum (45.50%). While studying the typification of siderophores, it was found that T. harzianum recorded with maximum hydroxymate and carboxylate production whereas T. viride, T. asperellum and T. longibrachiatum recorded with lesser production of hydroxymate and carboxylate as confirmed by color intensity. But none of the isolates was recorded with catecholate production. Through spectrophotometric analysis, it has been found that slightly alkaline pH was more favorable for the siderophore production for different spp. of Trichoderma. The productions of siderophore from Trichoderma spp. not only scavenge iron which lead to inactivation of those enzymes of the pathogen where iron plays the critical role as cofactor which supplies that iron to the host plant resulting in plantgrowth promotion. Siderophore also has a high degree of influence on medical science in MRI imaging. So mapping of different strains of Trichoderma with high antagonistic efficacy along with profound potency of siderophore production will encourage eco friendly management of fungal diseases on crops, crop improvement and enrichment of medical science
EFFECT OF PLANT LEAF EXTRACTS ON FECUNDITY IN CALLOSOBRUCHUS CHINENSIS L(COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE: BRUCHINAE)
Authors:   Department of Zoology, University College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala-34, India, Bindhu V R , Ganga S ,   Department of Zoology, University College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala-34, India, Dayanandan Susha ,   Department of Zoology, University College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala-34, India
Published: January 2023

Medicinally important plants such as Centella asiatica, Boerhavia diffusa ,Bacopa moneri and Trichosanthes cucumarina were tested against the pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis. Certain compounds in the plants extracts were found to be effective in reducing the egg laying capacity of the beetle. Thus the plants are proved to be effective as insecticides in controlling the pest.
DIURNAL FORAGING BEHAVIOR OF AN APHIDOPHAGOUS HOVERFLY IN AN INSECTARY PLANT PATCH
Authors:   Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Department of Environment and Resource sciences, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Agriculture and Engineering, University of Miyazaki, Gakuenkibanadai Nishi 1-1, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan., Emtia Chandrima , Ohno Kazuro ,   Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Department of Environment and Resource sciences, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Agriculture and Engineering, University of Miyazaki, Gakuenkibanadai Nishi 1-1, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan.
Published: January 2023

A series of foraging bouts of Episyrphus balteatus (DeGeer) females were observed and recorded throughout the day in phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia Bentham) patches. The dominant transitions of interplant movement, approaching and probing bouts were statistically more frequent in the morning than in the afternoon. In the morning, interplant movement of foragers was significantly longer and they were moving at higher places of phacelia patches. They approached and probed flowers considerably longer in morning compared to afternoon. A significant positive relationship between the number of open flowers in a patch and the patch residence time was observed in the morning. The proportion of females having swollen abdomen filled with phacelia pollen (68.2%) in the afternoon was significantly higher than that (31.82%)in the morning. In our study, E. balteatus females spent more time foraging in phacelia patches in morning compared to afternoon. Based on the results and by considering the dual resources requirements of a female hoverfly (flower foraging and searching for aphids to lay eggs), we will discuss the effective diurnal foraging of E. balteatus females in phacelia patches.
SAFETY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF MIXED PLANT EXTRACTS FORMULATION AGAINST CABBAGES PESTS UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS
Authors:   Andalas University, Plant Protection Department, Agriculture Faculty, Kampus Unand Limau Manis -Padang, Candra Lina Eka , Dadang  ,   Bogor Agriculture Institute, Plant Protection Department, Agriculture Faculty, Jl. Kamper Kampus IPB Darmaga, 16680, Manuwoto Syafrida ,   Bogor Agriculture Institute, Plant Protection Department, Agriculture Faculty, Jl. Kamper Kampus IPB Darmaga, 16680, Syahbirin Gustini ,   Bogor Agriculture Institut e, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Kampus IPB Darmaga 16680
Published: January 2023

This study was carried out to determine the persistency and safety of emulsifiable concentrate (EC) and wettable powder (WP) formulations of Tephrosia vogelii and Piper aduncum (1:5) against natural enemies and broccoli leaves (phytotoxic effects) as well as to assess their effectiveness against Crocidolomia pavonana in field. EC and WP formulations were safe to parasitoid Eriborus argenteopilosus and did not cause any phytotoxic effects on broccoli leaves. Persistency of EC and WP formulations were lower than bio-insecticide Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) and sythetic pesticide with active ingredient deltametrin. The mortality of C. pavonana treated with EC and WP formulations reached 100%, while BT and deltametrin only reached 73.33% and 88.33% respectively, at the first day treatment. The effectiveness of extracts were declined sharply at one day after treatment indicating low persistence of formulation. In field, EC and WP formulations suppressed the population of C. pavonana more than 80% compared to control. Both formulations showed better activity compared to synthetic insecticide deltametrin.
OPTIMIZATION OF PROCESS PARAMETERS ON THE VIABLE INOCULA OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI BY RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY FOR THE FUNGAL CONSORTIUM PREPARATION
Authors:   Department of Chemical Engineering, Sathyabama University, Chennai-600 119, Kumar S Nivash , Namasivayam S Karthick Raja ,   Centre for Bioresource & Development (CBIRD), Department of Biotechnology, Sathyabama University, Chennai-600 119, Tamil Nadu, India, Kamil T Mohammed ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, Sathyabama University, Chennai-600 119, Ravi T ,   Department of Chemical Engineering, Sathyabama University, Chennai-600 119
Published: January 2023

Development of pest control measures using entomopathogenic fungi has received increased attention in various parts of the world to control the wide range of economically important pests associated with various crops. A lot of research has been carried out on the exploitation of entomopathogenic fungi for the pharmacological and environmental application.In this study, the effect of nutrient factors of sabouraud maltose yeast extract broth (SMYB) – a major medium used for entomopathogenic fungi cultivation and the process parameters such as pH and temperature on biomass production of Beauveria bassiana, Nomuraea rileyi, Metarhizium anisopliae and Penicillium rubrum was studied by response surface methodology (RSM) and the inocula derived from the fungi was formulated as consortium in jiggery water. Central composition design (CCD) was used for optimizing the parameters. Temperature (X1), pH (X2), Maltose (X3), Peptone (X4) was chosen as independent variables. The maximum percentage of biomass yield is observed at 34.7º C temperature, pH 7.15, peptone 4.52 g/mL and 0.62 g/mL. Biomass thus obtained was formulated in jiggery water and the formulated consortium to be was use for various purposes in the near future.
EFFICACY OF BIOPESTICIDES AGAINST WHITEFLIES AND JASSIDS OF SOYBEAN
Authors:   Department of Entomology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture & Technology, Udaipur-313001., Meena A K , Lal J ,   Department of Entomology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture & Technology, Udaipur-313001., Swaminathan R ,   Department of Entomology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture & Technology, Udaipur-313001.
Published: January 2023

Tested biopesticides were significantly superior over untreated check on 1 and 3-days after spray, but did not show any significant effect on the sap sucking pest population 7-days after spray. Of the biopesticides tested, A. indica seed kernel extract (5%) was most effective against whiteflies and jassids 1 and 3 days after the first and second sprays; however, after the third spray, the treatment schedule comprising A. indica oil followed by SL-NPV and later by A. indica seed kernel extract caused maximum reduction of jassids population. The treatment comprising A. indica leaf extract (10%) proved to be least effective against jassids and whiteflies. A. indica seed kernel extract (5%) was significantly more effective in causing the maximum population reduction of whiteflies and jassids after the three sprayings and A. indica oil (1%) application was the next in order of efficacy.
FIELD EVALUATION OF PSEUDOMONAS FLUORESCENS AGAINST THE PINK BOLLWORM, PECTINOPHORA GOSSYPIELLA AND THE SPINY BOLLWORM, EARIAS VITELLA.
Authors:   Vanavarayar Institute of Agriculture, Department of Entomology, Manakkadavu, Pollachi-103, India, Manjula T R , Kannan G S ,   The Gandhigram Rural Institute - Deemed University, Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Gandhigram, Dindigul District, Tamil Nadu, India., Sivasubramanian P ,   Tamil Nadu Agriculture University, Department of Entomology, Coimbatore641003, Tamil Nadu, India.
Published: January 2023

Pseudomonas fluorescens and Beauveria basianna were evaluated in cotton growing season against the common bollworms that infested cotton, pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella and the spiny bollworm, Earias vitella. Reduction in the infestation and larval content was determined after three successive sprays with 15 days interval. The indirect effect of Pseudomonas fluorescens on seed cotton yield was considered and compared with the untreated check. Results of the present study revealed that the foliar application of P. fluorescens and Beauveria basianna treatment exhibited the greatest reduction in bollworms infestation. Soil and Foliar application of P. fluorescens, was recorded with the highest amount of seed cotton yield.
EXAMINATION OF THE ACARICIDAL EFFECT OF A SET OF COLOMBIAN NATIVE PLANTS-DERIVED EXTRACTS AGAINST TETRANYCHUS URTICAE KOCH UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS
Authors:   Biological Control Laboratory, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada (UMNG), AA49300, Cajicá, Colombia., Numa Stephanie , Rodríguez-Coy Lorena ,   Biological Control Laboratory, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada (UMNG), AA49300, Cajicá, Colombia., Rodríguez Daniel ,   Biological Control Laboratory, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada (UMNG), AA49300, Cajicá, Colombia., Coy-Barrera Ericsson ,   Bioorganic Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, AA49300, Cajicá, Colombia.
Published: January 2023

The spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, is one of the main pests of greenhouse cut flowers. Different alternative strategies have been pursued for the management of this pest to avoid the excessive use of chemical products of high toxicological levels. Within these strategies is included the use of ethanolic and oily extracts from plants belonging to various plant families exhibiting acaricidal activity. For this reason, the objective of this work was the selection and evaluation of some botanical extracts from native plants in Colombia that can be used to manage T. urticae. Thus, as part of our research on bioacaricides, the direct effect of five plant extracts on the mortality and fecundity of the egg, larva, nymph and adult stages of the mite and the chemical composition of each extract was additionally determined by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC/MS). It was found that the test extracts showed a low efficiency on eggs, larvae and nymphs of T. urticae, since mortalities did not reach 50%. However, in the case of adults, the extracts of Cnidoscolus aconitifoluis, Copaifera oficinalis and Anadenanthera peregrina could be suggested as promissory extracts for the management of adults of T. urticae, since they caused mortalities greater than 60% and reduced female fecundity. The main secondary metabolites identified were flavonoids, whose presence in test extracts would be associated with the acaricidal potentiality referred to.
EFFICACY OF OIL BASED FORMULATION OF BEAUVERIA BASSIANA (BALS.) VUILL. AGAINST CHILLI MITE, POLYPHAGOTARSONEMUS LATUS BANKS DELIVERED THROUGH DIFFERENT DELIVERY EQUIPMENTS
Authors:   Department of Agricultural Entomology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Coimbatore -641 003, Tamil Nadu, India, Murugasridevi K , Jeyarani S ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Coimbatore -641 003, Tamil Nadu, India, Ramaraju K ,   Department of Agricultural Entomology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University (TNAU), Coimbatore -641 003, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: January 2023

The use of conventional synthetic insecticides to manage mites population poses great difficulties owing to their cryptic nature and has, therefore led to growing interest in novel and effective alternatives like microbial bio-control agents. Successful usage of entomopathogenic fungi for pest control under field conditions includes delivery techniques, infectivity and persistence of their inoculum in the environment. Microplot experiment on chilli mite, Polyphagotarsonemus latus Banks revealed that the oil based formulation of B. bassiana (Bb 112) was significantly superior to all other treatments and recorded the highest cumulative mean population reduction of 39.80 percent. Two field experiments conducted against chilli mite, the cumulative mean percent reduction in the first field trial at Kumarapalayam and the second one at Ambilikkai showed that oil based formulation of B. bassiana, Bb 112 @ 108 spores mL-1 sprayed with CDA sprayer was significantly superior to other treatments with 39.27 and 45.86 per cent reduction respectively.
PEST CONTROL POTENTIAL OF CYCLOSOROUS INTERRUPTUS, CHRISTELLA DENTATA AND NEPHROLEPIS CORDIFOLIA ON THE BIOLOGY OF SPODOPTERA LITURA (FAB.)
Authors:   Department of Zoology, Entomology Research Unit, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Palayamkottai-627002, Tamil Nadu, India, Selvaraj P , Rathnamala Jayaseeli J Princy ,   Department of Zoology, Entomology Research Unit, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Palayamkottai-627002, Tamil Nadu, India, Ansilin Mary ,   Department of Zoology, Entomology Research Unit, St. Xavier’s College (Autonomous), Palayamkottai-627002, Tamil Nadu, India
Published: January 2023

The present experiment was designed to investigate the pesticididal property of the chosen ferns viz., Cyclosorus interruptus (Willd.) H.Itô (Theylepteridaceae), Christella dentata (Willd.) (Forssk.) Brownsey et Jermy (Theylepteridaceae), and Nephrolepis cordifolia (L.) Presl. Phytochemical analysis carried out using methanol extracts of the experimental ferns revealed the presence of the secondary metabolites like alkaloids, steroids, tannins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides and phenolic compounds in methanolic extracts of the experimental ferns. The nano particles of chosen fern extracts synthesized using silver nitrate (AgNO3) showed the characteristic colour change from pale yellow to dark brown indicated the synthesis of silver based nano particles. The UV- Visible spectrum obtained for the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) of the experimental ferns confirmed the synthesis of nanoparticles (433.50 nm, 447.00 nm and 444.00 nm for C. interruptus, C. dentata and N. cordifolia, respectively). Bioassay on the pesticidal property of the methanol extracts and ferns-AgNP were evaluated against third instar larvae of Spodoptera litura (Fab.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The results of the bioassay revealed the impact of methanolic extracts and their AgNP particles on the developmental period, pupal weight, percentage of pupation and adult emergence and also caused larval, pupal and adult deformities that confirm the insecticidal activity of the experimental ferns.
IN VITRO EFFICACY OF MOMORDICA CHARANTIA EXTRACTS AGAINST PHYTOPATHOGENIC FUNGI, FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM
Authors:   School of Studies in Botany, Jiwaji University, Gwalior (M.P.), Gupta Madhu , Sharma Sushil ,   Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Madhya Pradesh (Gwalior) M.P., Bhadauria Rekha ,   School of Studies in Botany, Jiwaji University, Gwalior (M.P.)
Published: January 2023

The study is aimed at evaluating the antifungal potential of plant parts of Momordica charantia against the Fusarium oxysporum. During investigation ethanolic extracts of stem showed maximum inhibition in both, spore germination (at 50mg/mL) and mycelial growth (at 50% concentration) with 86.10±4.80 and 79.04±1.06 % inhibition respectively. This was followed by root (with 64.81±3.20 and 62.78±2.85%), leaves (64.28±0.00 and 59.55±0.99%), and fruit (50.97±3.40 and 43.99±1.85%). Aqueous extracts of all plant parts showed a comparatively less significant amount of inhibition in spore germination and mycelial growth. Aqueous extracts (at 50 mg/mL concentration) of root showed 48.88±3.85% inhibition in spore germination followed by fruit (39.39±5.24), leaves (37.03±3.20%) and stem (33.32±3.04%). Even at 50% concentration, aqueous extracts of leaves (14.86±1.00%), root (13.11±1.23%), stem (7.04±0.98%), and fruit (4.05±2.01%) was not found effective in inhibiting the mycelial growth of F. oxysporum. Ethanolic extracts of fruit showed 0.625 mg/mL MIC value against F. oxysporum while ethanolic extracts of the leaves and root exhibited 2.5 mg/mL and stems 1.25 mg/mL MIC for F. oxysporum. The plant parts of Momordica charantia were also found rich in phenolics, tannins, flavonoids and saponins. These compounds may be responsible for the antifungal activity of respective plant part.
OVIPOSITION RESPONSE OF MELON FRUIT FLY, BACTROCERA CUCURBITAE (COQUILLETT) TO DIFFERENT PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS
Authors:   Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143005, India., Sharma R , Sohal S K ,   Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143005, India.
Published: January 2023

The oviposition deterrent effects of four phenolic compounds (quercetin, rutin, gallic acid and tannic acid) were investigated against the melon fruit fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae. All the phenolic compounds effectively reduced egg laying in choice and nochoice conditions except rutin. Also observations made for their effect on ovipunctures made by female melon fly showed a significant decrease in the mean numbers of ovipunctures made on the substrate treated with quercetin, gallic acid and tannic acid under choice and multiple-choice tests. Rutin had no effect on oviposition behaviour under no-choice condition. Under multiple choice conditions rutin significantly reduced mean number of ovipunctures. The results of our studies clearly demonstrated the oviposition deterrent activity of the phenolic compounds.
REPELLENCY AND CONTACT TOXICITY OF CRUDE EXTRACTS FROM THREE THAI PLANTS (ZINGIBERACEAE) AGAINST MAIZE GRAIN WEEVIL, SITOPHILUS ZEAMAIS (MOTSCHLUSKY) (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE)
Authors:   Office of International Affairs, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh, Aceh, Indonesia., Sartika Aryani Dewi , Auamcharoen* Wanida ,   Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
Published: January 2023

In the present study, plant crude extracts extracted from the rhizomes of three medicinal plants, Curcuma longa L. (turmeric), Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. (cassumunar ginger), and Kaempferia pulchra (Ridl.) Ridl. (peacock ginger) were investigated for their biological activities, repellent and contact toxicity, against maize weevils, Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. The repellent activity was evaluated using the area preferences method whereas the contact toxicity was determined using the micro-applicator to drop onto the thorax of tested insects. For repellency test, cassumunar ginger with solvent hexane scored the highest repellency up to 99% at concentration 1,415 µg/cm2 at 8 hours after application. The methanol extract of turmeric plant exhibited the highest repellency of 87% at 1,415 µg/cm2 7 hours after exposure compared to other two solvents, hexane and methylene chloride with same plant. Peacock ginger plant with solvent hexane revealed the maximum repellency of 79% at 1,415 µg/cm2 5 hours after exposure. On the other hand, for contact toxicity, turmeric plant was found to be the most effective in inducing mortality after one week of treatments. The turmeric crude extract with solvent hexane achieved 13% of mortality of adults S. zeamais at 45 µg/insect. The highest mortality that caused by plant cassumunar ginger was observed by this crude extract with solvent methylene chloride (8%) at 45 µg/insect at seven days after application. Methanol extract of peacock ginger has the lowest mortality (6%) compared to 2 other plants mentioned above. Thus, these results demonstrated that hexane extracts of C. longa and Z. cassumunar were one of the alternative extracts that were possible to use as insecticidal for S. zeamais control.
EUPHORBIACEAE PLANT EXTRACTS AS OVIPOSITIONAL DETERRENT AGAINST CALLOSOBRUCHUS CHINENSIS LINN.(COLEOPTERA:BRUCHIDAE)
Authors:   Laboratory of Entomology, P.G. Department of Zoology, Govt. Dungar College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India, Kosar Hina , Srivastava Meera ,   Laboratory of Entomology, P.G. Department of Zoology, Govt. Dungar College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
Published: January 2023

The present work was carried out to screen certain formulations against the pulse beetle Callosobruchus chinensis Linn. raised on grains of Vigna radiata. The plants selected for the study included Euphorbia hirta, Phyllanthus amarus and Jatropha gossypiifolia. The investigation was carried out to study the efficacy of the select three plants and recording the egg laying percent by the pest insect. Different formulations using leaf of the plants were employed in the form of crude extract, aqueous suspension, aqueous extract, ethanol extract and diethyl ether extract. The treatments were made using different dose concentrations viz., 1%, 5%, 10% and 25%. The number of eggs laid by the pest insect was noted and ovipositional deterrence was adjudged. Lowest mean egg laying (No./ pair) by C. chinensis was observed in experimental sets treated with 25 % DEE extract of Jatropha gossypiifolia. Overall, DEE and ethanol extract of J. gossypiifolia were found to significantly reduce oviposition by the pest insect.
CELLULAR ABNORMALITIES INDUCED BY TRICHODERMA SPP. DURING IN VITRO INTERACTION AND CONTROL OF WHITE MUSCARDINE (BEAUVERIA BASSIANA) AND GREEN MUSCARDINE (METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE) DISEASE OF SILKWORM BOMBYX MORI
Authors:   Associate Prof. in Zoology (Retd.) A 9/45, Kalyani-741235, Nadia, WB, India., Banerjee S , Pal S ,   Associate Prof. in Zoology (Retd.) A 9/45, Kalyani-741235, Nadia, WB, India., , Mukherjee S ,   Associate Prof. in Zoology (Retd.) A 9/45, Kalyani-741235, Nadia, WB, India., Podder D ,   Associate Prof. in Zoology (Retd.) A 9/45, Kalyani-741235, Nadia, WB, India., Mukherjee A , Nandi A ,   Associate Prof. in Zoology (Retd.) A 9/45, Kalyani-741235, Nadia, WB, India.,   Associate Prof. in Zoology (Retd.) A 9/45, Kalyani-741235, Nadia, WB, India., Debnath P ,   Associate Prof. in Zoology (Retd.) A 9/45, Kalyani-741235, Nadia, WB, India., Sur P K ,   Associate Prof. in Zoology (Retd.) A 9/45, Kalyani-741235, Nadia, WB, India., Ghosh S K ,   Molecular Mycopathology Lab., Post Graduate Deptt. Of Botany. Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Rahara, Kolkata 118.
Published: January 2023

The silkworm is the larva of the domesticated silk moth, Bombyx mori. It is an economically important insect, being a primary producer of silk in sericulture industry. Among the silkworm diseases, white muscardine and green muscardine caused by Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae respectively possess a major threat to silk cocoon production. White muscardine is more common during rainy and winter seasons whereas green muscardine has its profound effect during hot and humid spells. Both these fungi Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae can be used as biopesticides to control a number of pests such as termites, whiteflies, and many other insects from larvae to adult stages. In this paper in vitro biological control of B. bassiana and M. anisopliae and cellular abnormalities induced by the application of two strains (T12 and T13) of Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma spp. were studied, where T. viride T 12 (80.52%) provides maximum in vitro control of B. bassiana followed by T. harzianum (71.88%), Trichoderma spp. (68.16%) and T. viride T13 (62.89%). Against M. anisopliae, T. harzianum provides maximum in vitro control (68.02%), followed by T. viride T13 (64.68%), T. viride T12 (59.47%) and Trichoderma sp. (57.98%). During the interaction of pathogens and biocontrol agents hyphal coiling, granulation, distortion, vacuolation and bulging were recorded.
INFESTED AREAS OF MAJULI, ASSAM, INDIA
Authors:   Department of Nematology (AICRP on Nematodes in Cropping System), Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-786013, Assam, India, Devi G , Mishra H ,   Department of Entomology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-786013, Assam, India, Bhattacharyya B ,   Department of Entomology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-786013, Assam, India, Nath D J ,   Department of Soil Science, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-786013, Assam, India
Published: January 2023

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) in the genera Steinernema and Heterorhabditis and their associated bacteria such as Xenorhabdus spp. and Photorhabdus spp. are lethal parasites of soil dwelling insects. A survey was conducted to collect theentomopathogenic nematodes from Lepidiota mansueta endemic field of Majuli river island, Assam, India. During the survey, a total of 140 soil samples (1 kg each) and 80 dead grubs of L. mansueta were collected from different locations from cultivated as well as uncultivated fields of Majuli. Out of the total collection, 8 numbers of soil samples and 35 grubs were positive for entomopathogenic nematodes with 5.7 and 43.7 per cent respectively. Soil samples recorded 2.1 and 3.5 per cent Heterorhabditis and Steinernema isolates whereas the grubs registered 15 and 28.7 per cent of Heterorhabditis andSteinernema isolates respectively. Based on morphometric and cross-breeding studies, the Heterorhabditis isolates were identified as H. bacteriophora and this species was recovered from diverse habitats with different soil characteristics. Being a river island, the soil of Majuli may be the reservoir of many more species of EPNs which needs further study.
MENINGKATKAN BAKAT DAN MINAT ESTETIKA MASYARAKAT DALAM BIDANG KETERAMPILAN DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19
Authors: Akhsan Akhsan , Heril Muhammad , Sapan Wahyullah
Published: January 2023

One of the problems that exist in Lunjen village is the lack of aesthetic and aesthetic values ​​at the MIS GUPPY RUMBIA school. One of the programs implemented in Lunjen village is school painting which is one of the areas of skill. The objectives of holding a painting work program at the MIS GUPPI RUMBIA school are: 1) to beautify the school environment. 2) build interest in attracting interest for children to go to school at MIS GUPPI RUMBIA. Community service in this article. The result of this work program is an increase in the aesthetic value of the school from the movement to care for the school environment as well as increasing interest in enrolling in schools, especially at MIS GUPPI RUMBIA
PENDAMPINGAN RECOVERY BISNIS MELALUI INOVASI PRODUKSI DAN ADOPSI PLATFORM DIGITAL PADA USAHA IKAN AIR TAWAR DI DESA SIDOMEKAR KECAMATAN SEMBORO KABUPATEN JEMBER
Authors: Destari Fajar , Faiqotul Irliana , Hasan Fuad
Published: January 2023

In the midst of the Covid 19 pandemic, many SMEs experienced a decline in their turnover due to business traffic and many economic activities being locked down, this had an impact on their income level. From the results of visits and interviews conducted with service partners, information was obtained from BERKAH KU freshwater fish farming, this business was founded in 2007 and has been running for 13 years within a period of 13 years. production and the existence of technology, and these things are very threatening to the existence and activities as well as cross-economy first during the COVID 19 pandemic. The minimal types of processed products include, among others, the selection of marketing communication media that are still active, the lack of knowledge of business actors about e-commerce platform. The existence of the Covid 19 pandemic is an unavoidable threat for all business actors not to do business for freshwater fish entrepreneurs because all businesses experienced a decline in turnover of almost 80%. Based on the results of research-based service that has been carried out, it can be said that the programs that have been planned and discussed will help improve marketing through the use of technology and product innovation. The first activity is program socialization in increasing knowledge about technology in marketing products. The second activity is to give demonstrations to partners by cheff in innovating products from raw fish raw materials into processed frozen food products
Prospek Lulusan Prodi Pendidikan Bahasa Arab IAIN Parepare
Authors: Jannah Raodhatul , Renaldy Asfar
Published: January 2023

This study aims to answer the phenomena that arise among students and prospective students of the IAIN Parepare Arabic Language Education study program who experience anxiety about future job prospects. This research seeks to answer this anxiety by conducting an alumni tracking study to find out the profile of graduates and the contribution of PBA alumni in the world of work. This type of research is descriptive qualitative research which aims to explore in depth the portrait of PBA study program alumni. In this case, the information collected is: 1) alumni work, 2) suitability with graduate profiles, and 3) alumni waiting period after graduating from IAIN Parepare. This research was conducted on PBA study program alumni in 2018, totaling 25 people. The results of this study indicate that 80% or around 20 alumni are already working and the remaining 20% ​​choose not to work. Then of the 20 alumni, 75% of them work as education practitioners, and 10% work as creative economy actors. While another 15% work as educational practitioners as well as creative economy actors. So it can be concluded that PBA study program has high potential as a forum to prepare alumni for the world of work, and job opportunities for PBA alumni are very high as evidenced by the presentation of graduates who are active in the world of work.
Gesture Phase Segmentation Dataset: An Extension for Development of Gesture Analysis Models
Authors: Sánchez-Ancajima Raúl A. , Peres Sarajane Marques , López-Céspedes Javier A. , Saly-Rosas-Solano José L. , Hernández Ronald M. , Saavedra-López Miguel A.
Published: January 2023

In recent years, experts in theory of gesture have been showing some interest in automating the discovery of gesture information. Such an automation can help them in reducing the inherent subjectivity of gesture studies. Usually, to produce information for linguistic and psycholinguistic studies, the researchers analyze a video of people speaking and gesturing. This annotation task is costly and it is the goal of automation. Such videos compose the datasets that allow the development of automated models capable to carry out part of the analysis of gestures. In this paper, we present a detailed documentation about the Gesture Phase Segmentation Dataset, publicized in UCI Machine Learning Repository, and an extension of such dataset. Such dataset is especially prepared to be used in the development of models capable to carry out the segmentation of gestures in their phases. The extended dataset is composed by nine videos of three people gesturing and telling stories. The data was captured with Microsoft Kinect Sensor and they are represented by spatial coordinates and temporal information (velocity and acceleration). The data are labeled following four phase of gesture (preparation, stroke, hold and retraction) and rest positions.
An Ensembled Optimization Algorithm for Secured and Energy Efficient Low Latency MANET with Intrusion Detection
Authors: Vijayan P. , Anbalagan Dr.P. , Selvakumar Dr.S.
Published: January 2023

The property of dynamic infrastructure that adjusts the network automatically and allows for faster deployment has made Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) extremely fitting for locations that don’t have support for radio communication due to disasters or other crises. Since the topology is dynamic, security is one of the major concerns in MANET which will be exposed for various attacks like eavesdropping, routing based attacks and modification of executables. Though MANET is vulnerable to these attacks, another major issue to be addressed is the attacks based on intrusion. The proposed model uses an Ensemble optimization algorithm that addresses the security issues in MANET by the effective usage of the Cluster Head and the intrusion detection is done by using fuzzy clustering and fuzzy Naïve Bayes models. The algorithms considered here are, Chimp Optimisation technique and Grasshopper Optimization methodology. Chimp Optimization technique selects cluster head that selects the optimized route for the dynamic performance of MANET. The optimal routes are chosen related to few parameters are conformity, power, certainty, and bandwidth. Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm is used to reduce the defects to obtain better global optimization ability. The implementation of the above techniques are measured by different assaults like flooding, blackhole, and selective packet drop and Ensembled optimization is found to perform well than the individual algorithms.
An Adaptive Density Peak Clustering with Swarm Intelligence Algorithm for Detection of Overlapping Communities in Social Networks
Authors: Suganthi R. , Prabha Dr. K.
Published: January 2023

Community identification is an important technique for the investigation of complex networks because it makes it possible to examine mesoscopic features that are often connected to the organisational and functional properties of the underlying networks. In social media, there are billions of vertices and a variety of connections, thus community identification is a widely acknowledged approach of addressing the problem of grouping users. However, traditional methods are insufficient because of this. For the purpose of analysing social networks, overlapping community identification is crucial. On networks with complicated weight distributions, the current overlapping community recognition techniques seldom provide good results. Communities of any form may be easily and precisely found using density peaks clustering (DPC). Nevertheless, it also uses the truncation distance, and therefore is unable to automatically determine where the cluster centre is located. In this research work, an Adaptive density peak clustering (ADPC) with Modified Dragonfly Optimization (MDO) a suggested algorithm will decide the communities in a social network in an adaptable manner. Initially, the preprocessing methods such as Stemming, Stop-words removal, and Tokenization by bigrams, 1-to-3 grammars, and the unigram are three distinct types of data formats. Two feature extraction filters: Word Embedding Feature Extraction, and Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency (TF-IDF). In the Adaptive density peak clustering (ADPC) with Modified Dragonfly Optimization (MDO) algorithm, the clustering process is completed by determining the clustering centre by the MDO after determining the new local density based on the new neighborhood connection. ADPC-MDO adds a unique distance function based on common nodes to estimate the distance between nodes and takes weights into account to handle both weighted and unweighted social networks. A technique based on transitive consensus matrix building is used to generate a consensus matrix, which provides representative information of all dendrograms. Given a social networks dataset with a complicated weight distribution, the results show that the suggested ADPC-MDO performs better.
Intelligent Health Risk and Disease Prediction Using Optimized Naive Bayes Classifier
Authors: Alamer Latifah
Published: January 2023

Machine learning is the subset of Artificial Intelligence and it is used for prediction various real time data analytics applications. Health care monitoring is the major area to analyse the result and make effective decisions. We need intelligent and automated process for predicting diseases using medical dataset. Machine learning methods are proposed to handle the dataset. Smart healthcare prediction is proposed to identify the user or patient information or symptoms as an input. Our system has forecasting accuracy index based on likelihood of the disease and health information. We use Naive bayes classifier algorithm for handling classification, prediction and accuracy index of dataset. Our algorithm measures the disease percentage and train the dataset. Once the prediction result will appears based on effective decision to be taken. In our work, we are taken 20000 train dataset and 7500 test data set for evaluation. TensorFlow simulator is used to simulate the system and measure accuracy. In this system achieves 95% accuracy and performance result compared with existing methods.
An Intrusion Detection System Using a Machine Learning Approach in IOT-based Smart Cities
Authors: oja Lil , Ranjana Dr.P.
Published: January 2023

For a long time, the digitization of all aspects of life in current cultures is seen as a procured gain. In any way, the computerized world is noticeably flawed and numerous risks and dangers are present as in the terrestrial land. People's daily life has changed due to the quick and advanced level of improvement in smart cities. The most important problem that needs to be looked upon is citizens' life, security and privacy issues. The use of Deep Learning (DL), a subcategory of Machine learning (ML) has excelled in the field of smart cities. So, the following stages in this paper bring an effective intrusion detection system using deep learning. a) Data collection from standard datasets such as GPRS, CIDDS001, as well as UNSW-NB15 contains various types of attacks, these will be given for b) Preprocessing, for eliminating anomalies using missing value removal, and normalization techniques. Then from those data, quintessential features are extracted using Autoencoder (AE) and then from those several features, d) feature selection for selecting and mostly removing timestamps from attack dataset using Random Forest (RF) and finally for e) prediction with help of Restricted Boltzmann Network (RBN). Experiment evaluation states that proposed model (RF-RBN) performed better over various state-of-art models under various measures (accuracy:0.95, sensitivity:0.96, specificity:0.97, detection rate:0.95).
SYNTHESIS AND PRECLINICAL STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF [1,2,4]TRIAZOLO[1,5-A]PYRIDINE DERIVATIVES
Authors: Smolsky Olexandr , Мakei Oleksandr , Yanchenko Viktor , Роletai Viacheslav
Published: January 2023

Purpose. Synthesis and study of antioxidant properties of [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridine derivatives and their potential toxicity using preclinical diagnostic methods.
Methodology. Derivatives of [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridine were synthesized on the basis of 2-aminopyridines and ethyl isothiacyanatocarbonate, with subsequent cyclization of intermediate adducts. The resulting 2-amino[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridines were reacted with isoamyl nitrite in the presence of CuHal2, which led to the synthesis of volatile 2-halogeno[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5- a]pyridine. The toxicity of the obtained compounds was studied by the degree of hemolysis of erythrocytes in a hypotonic NaCl solution. The intensity of free-radical oxidation of lipids was assessed spectrophotometrically by the formation of TBА-active products. The antioxidant activity of the substances was determined by inhibiting the oxidation of adrenaline under conditions of artificial oxidative stress.
Scientific novelty. For the first time, the antioxidant activity of the [1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyridine derivatives described in the paper was investigated and their toxicity was studied according to the degree of hemolysis of erythrocytes in a hypotonic NaCl solution.
Conclusions. The in vitro cytotoxicity study model showed that compounds 5a and 5b, which contain bromine atoms in the 2, 5, and 7 positions of the pyridinotriazole heterosystem, exert the greatest influence on the stability of erythrocyte membranes.
The study of antioxidant activity showed that the highest values of antioxidant activity are characteristic of compounds of the 4a-d series, namely compounds 4b and 4c, which are characterized by the presence of an amino group in the 2nd position and the presence of a bromine atom as a substitute in the 1st and 5th positions of the pyridine fragment of the heterosystem.
The dynamics of antioxidant activity on the model of inhibition of adrenaline oxidation confirms the opinion about the lowest toxicity and the highest ability to inhibit the formation of reactive oxygen species of compounds 4b and 4c (40.16 and 38.82% relative to ionol).
So, with the use of preclinical diagnostic methods, we proved the presence of physicochemical activity in a number of investigated compounds. 2-amino-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5a]pyridine derivatives with a bromine atom as a substitute in the pyridine fragment of the molecule should be considered as potential antioxidants in the future, and the studied condensed system can be considered a promising heterocyclic framework for creating potential antioxidant agents.