bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Case Study of a West Sumatra Squall Line Using Satellite Observations
Authors: Lopez-Bravo Clemente , Vincent Claire L. , Huang Yi , Lane Todd P.
Published: November 2022

A West Sumatra squall line occurred on 10 January 2016, with a clear offshore propagation of convection. Satellite-derived products from Himawari-8 Advanced Himawari Imager and the Geostationary Cloud Algorithm Testbed Geocat are used to investigate the westward propagation of cloudiness from Sumatra to the Indian Ocean with a lifetime of 1.5 days. A convective mask based on deep convective cell detection and a cell-tracking algorithm are used to estimate the propagation speed of the cloud system. Two distinct mesoscale convective responses are identified: 1) a rapid development in South Sumatra is influenced by the convective environment over the Indian Ocean. The propagation speed is estimated to be ∼5 m s−1 within the first 200 km from the coast. This speed is consistent with density currents. In contrast, 2) the coupling to the inertia–gravity wave is only evident for the northwest of Sumatra with speeds of ∼12 m s−1. The analysis of brightness temperature from the 10.4-μm spectral band and cloud-top temperature showed that the lifetime of the squall line is approximately 30 h with a propagating distance of ∼1000 km. Retrieved cloud properties and tracking of the offshore propagation indicated that the cloud structure consisted of multiple types of cells, propagating as envelopes of convection, and revealed the influence of large-scale variability of the Indian Ocean. Filtered OLR anomalies, satellite-derived rainfall, moisture flux convergence, and background winds flow around Sumatra are used to explore the effects of Kelvin wave activity that likely influenced the lifetime of the squall line.
Perioperative Lidocaine Infusion Reduces Opioid Use in Enhanced Recovery After Surgery Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Colectomy
Authors: Thomas Gregory J. , Bauman John C. , Bergeron Shelli , Wasvary Harry J. , Ziegler Matthew A.
Published: November 2022

Background

Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) programs have become a mainstay of modern surgical care, and efforts to decrease postoperative opioid consumption have been increasingly employed. A previous study from our institution demonstrated that ERAS protocols decreased opioid use in the first 48 hours after surgery by 61%. In the present study, a lidocaine infusion was added for postoperative pain control. The aim was to analyze the differences in opioid requirements with and without this infusion in the first 48 hours after laparoscopic colectomy in ERAS patients.

Methods

Retrospective review of patients was conducted at an academically affiliated tertiary care hospital. The population included patients undergoing elective laparoscopic colon surgery enrolled in the ERAS program with the implementation of a lidocaine drip from June 2019 to October 2019, and compared to a previous patient cohort of ERAS patients evaluated without the lidocaine drip from September 2015 to May 2018.

Results

The primary endpoint was postoperative opioid use in the first 48 hours based on IV morphine milligram equivalents (MME). Secondary measures included type of surgery, age, BMI, prior abdominal surgery, and prior opioid use. Median MMEs were 6.0 in the lidocaine infusion group and 12.5 in the group without lidocaine, representing a 52% reduction (p < 0.001).

Discussion

This study demonstrates a significant reduction in post-op opioid use in ERAS patients who receive a lidocaine infusion after laparoscopic colectomy. Further studies should focus on measures to limit the treatment side effects in order to maximize the opioid-sparing benefits of this intervention.
Field-measurement-based local wind field characteristics on bridge deck of truss girder bridges in a deep-cutting gorge bridge site area
Authors: Zhang Mingjin , Jiang Xulei , Zhang Jinxiang , Zhang Jingyu , Qin Jingxi , Li Yongle
Published: November 2022

Affected by many factors, the local wind environment on the bridge deck is complex and changeable, and it seriously threatens traffic safety. To accurately evaluate the wind field on the bridge deck, this paper develops a system to monitor the actual local wind environment and applies it to field measurement of the wind parameters at different positions of a complex truss girder bridge. The results show that the wind parameters on the bridge deck, including wind speed, gust factor, and turbulence intensity, are different from the bridge site due to the influence of the ancillary facilities. Also, the wind profile of the local wind field on the bridge deck is more in line with the polynomial distribution, which makes the equivalent height of the wind load much higher than the vehicle gravity. It should be noted that the measured power spectrum of the bridge deck is quite different from the wind spectrum applicable to the bridge site area, so it is not appropriate to use the wind spectrum of the bridge site area to carry out the analysis of the windmill bridge, and a more suitable wind spectrum for bridge deck wind field is proposed.
Integrated approach to AUV docking based on nonlinear offset-free model predictive control
Authors: Shi Kai , Wang Xiaohui , Xu Huixi , Chen Zhong , Zhao Hongyin
Published: November 2022

This study proposes an integrated docking approach for autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV), which directly generate control force and torque from visual guidance features to drive precise AUV docking. Accurate docking control has been constructed as nonlinear offset-free model predictive control (OFNMPC) problem to effectively deal with external disturbances, model mismatch, and various other constraints. For the problem of state and disturbance estimation required by OFNMPC, observers have been presented based on the extended Kalman filter (EKF) and moving horizon estimation (MHE). A visual observation model is proposed so that the observer can directly use visual measurements. OFNMPC was integrated with EKF and MHE, and the proposed OFNMPC-EKF and OFNMPC-MHE docking approaches were applied to an actual AUV model. The simulation results show that the proposed approaches could drive the AUV to complete accurate docking along a reasonable trajectory based on visual measurements. The navigation, guidance, and control functions of docking were effectively integrated. It was observed that in the presence of external disturbances and measurement noise, OFNMPC-EKF has better robustness.
Wear behavior and wear mechanism of iron foam reinforced SiCp/A359 interpenetrating phases composites at high temperature
Authors: Liu Yinfu , He Guoqiu , Liu Xiaoshan , Pan Jiaqi , Zhou Zhiqiang , Liao Yiping , Xu Xiaojun , He Qiao
Published: November 2022

The A359-SiCp/Fe interpenetrating phase composites reinforced with three-dimensional network structure iron foam and 20 wt. % SiC particles were fabricated after the infiltration technique by using the newly developed vacuum assisted infiltration procedures. The dry-sliding tribological behavior of A359-SiCp/Fe composites was investigated using the HT-1000 ball-on-disc type high temperature tribometer. The samples were subjected to a variety of temperatures and applied loads to investigate the influence on the wear rate and friction coefficient. In this study, SEM was used to analyses the wear microscopic morphology of A359-SiCp/Fe composites reinforced by iron foam. The wear longitudinal section and the morphology of the wear debris were analyzed by EDS and determined to explore the high-temperature wear mechanism under different temperatures and loads. Hardness analysis from the outer periphery to the core revealed an improvement in hardness. The hardness distribution of the wear longitudinal section is different at different temperatures. The formation of a high-hardness mechanical mixed layer with a different thickness on the wear surface can effectively reduce the wear rate. Microstructural investigations demonstrated that the change in wear debris shape with increasing temperature is mostly related to the change in wear mechanism. Abrasive wear and oxidation wear are the main wear mechanisms. With an increase in temperature and plastic deformation, delamination and adhesion are the predominant wear mechanisms, accompanied by the additional oxidative wear.
Barriers to Access to Palliative Care in Colombia: A Social Mapping Approach Involving Stakeholder Participation
Authors: Vargas-Escobar Lina María , Sánchez-Cárdenas Miguel Antonio , Guerrero-Benítez Angie Carolina , Suarez-Prieto Vilma Katherine , Moreno-García Jenny Rocío , Cañón Piñeros Ángela María , Rodríguez-Campos Luisa Fernanda , León-Delgado Marta Ximena
Published: November 2022

This study aimed to identify barriers to access to palliative care through a social mapping approach. In Colombia, the barriers to access to palliative care denote an enormous geographic disparity of resources and health needs, making it necessary to conduct community-based participatory research using an approach such as social mapping. A qualitative research design was used. Stakeholders from health insurance companies, regulatory authorities, regional health secretariats, health care professionals, patient and caregiver organizations, scientific societies, and medical journalists from 7 Colombian regions participated. It involved 3 stages. Stage 1: Semi-structured, audio-recorded interviews were conducted with 36 stakeholders and were subsequently transcribed and analyzed. Stage 2: An electronic survey was conducted to obtain feedback on the first outline of the map and the categories that emerged from stage 1. Stage 3: The nominal group technique was used to analyze and validate the barriers to access to palliative care included in the final map. The COREQ checklist was used. Twenty-seven barriers to access to palliative care related to limited availability of medications, stakeholders’ poor knowledge of regulations, limited formal education in palliative care, few patients’ support networks, patient care fragmentation, few specialized programs of palliative care, and mistaken beliefs about palliative care were identified. Stakeholders’ diverse perspectives and opinions were crucial to understanding the development of palliative care in Colombia and its challenges. Better knowledge about palliative care can open opportunities to overcome the barriers identified in this study, directly impacting access to palliative care.
Nomos, Hostis, and War: State-Building Process and Armed Forces in Africa
Authors: Doboš Bohumil , Mičko Branislav
Published: November 2022

State-building process in Africa appears in different conditions to those experienced on other continents. It is primarily characterized by the presence of fixed borders. The article repurposes evolutionary and identitarian theories on the development of political communities for the African realities. It highlights the necessity to develop policies creating territorial division between the population of the state and the external environment and utilizing armed forces for the protection of the state against such an environment for the state-building process to succeed. In cases of Eritrea, Senegal, and Burkina Faso, three hypotheses are being tested with an outcome that state-building process connected to the creation of Nomos does not have to be violent but requires a connection of the armed forces to the society. Once the division between the Nomos and the hostis develops inside of the state, such entities are not able to develop power projection capabilities inside their borders.
Expanding the New Roles of the Military—The Case of Spain’s Military Emergency Unit: A Research Note
Authors: Pérez Virgilio , Aybar Cristina , Pavía Jose M.
Published: November 2022

This note illustrates some of the new roles that armed forces are taking on in developed countries, highlighting the structure, capabilities, and missions developed by the Spanish Military Emergency Unit (UME). The note describes some of these new roles assumed by UME, such as its response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and shows, using official temporal and georeferenced data, the growing use of the military to support civilian authorities in response to natural disasters, man-made disasters, and other emergencies alike. In addition, we also analyze public opinion survey data to argue that this is helping to improve society’s perception of the armed forces even in a country like Spain where, due to its recent history, a significant part of its population is reluctant to the military. In short, the military is taking on more emergency roles as needs arise and these new roles can help to improve its perception by citizens.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Reproductive Health Outcomes Among Women Veterans: A Research Note
Authors: Collison Katherine , Naftaly Jessica P. , Colangelo Kathleen
Published: November 2022

There are a growing number of U. S. women veterans. The goal of this study was to examine the frequency of reproductive health conditions, as well as racial/ethnic disparities within reproductive health concerns, among a sample of women veterans who were referred by their primary care providers for a psychiatric evaluation. Cross-sectional data were collected from 701 women veterans in a Women’s Health Clinic at a VA Medical Center. The most commonly reported reproductive health conditions were dyspareunia, pelvic pain, and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Other reproductive health conditions reported by women veterans included endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and osteoporosis. Black women veterans had significantly higher rates of endometriosis compared with the other racial/ethnic groups. Prevalence of PCOS, dyspareunia, osteoporosis, STIs, pelvic pain, perinatal loss, and infertility treatment did not differ across race/ethnicity. Health care providers working with women veterans should engage in regular screening of reproductive health conditions for women across all demographic groups.
Association between quetiapine use and self-harm outcomes among people with recorded personality disorder in UK primary care: A self-controlled case series analysis
Authors: Hayes Joseph F , Hardoon Sarah , Deighton Jessica , Viding Essi , Osborn David PJ
Published: November 2022

Background:

Quetiapine is frequently prescribed to people with personality disorder diagnoses, but this is not supported by evidence or treatment guidelines.

Aims:

To examine associations between periods of quetiapine prescribing and self-harm events in people with personality disorder.

Method:

Self-controlled case series using linked primary care and hospital records covering the period 2007–2017. We calculated incidence rates and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for self-harm events during periods when people were prescribed (exposed to) quetiapine, as well as periods when they were unexposed or pre-exposed to quetiapine.

Results:

We analysed data from 1,082 individuals with established personality disorder diagnoses, all of whom had at least one period of quetiapine prescribing and at least one self-harm episode. Their baseline rate of self-harm (greater than 12 months before quetiapine treatment) was 0.52 episodes per year. Self-harm rates were elevated compared to the baseline rate in the month after quetiapine treatment was commenced (IRR 1.85; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.46–2.34) and remained raised throughout the year after quetiapine treatment was started. However, self-harm rates were highest in the month prior to quetiapine initiation (IRR 3.59; 95% CI 2.83–4.55) and were elevated from 4 months before quetiapine initiation, compared to baseline.

Conclusion:

Self-harm rates were elevated throughout the first year of quetiapine prescribing, compared to the baseline rate. However, rates of self-harm reduced in the month after patients commenced quetiapine, compared to the month before quetiapine was initiated. Self-harm rates gradually dropped over a year of quetiapine treatment. Quetiapine may acutely reduce self-harm. Longer-term use and any potential benefits need to be balanced with the risk of adverse events.
The efficacy of cognitive and behavioral interventions upon music performance anxiety: A meta-analysis
Authors: Faur Andrada Lavinia , Pintea Sebastian , Vaida Sebastian , Opre Adrian Nicolae
Published: November 2022

Cognitive and behavioral interventions are widely used in dealing with anxiety problems. Many musicians face high anxiety levels when they have to perform in front of an audience, thus requiring efficient interventions. Studies investigating interventions for music performance anxiety (MPA) are highly heterogeneous, making it difficult to implement a meta-analytic analysis for all the intervention types investigated. However, there are several studies that investigate the effects of cognitive and behavioral interventions. Thus, the main aim of our study was to investigate the efficacy of cognitive and behavioral interventions in managing MPA symptoms in musicians. We reviewed 14 studies which included musicians ( N = 392) who were confronted with high/dysfunctional levels of MPA. Overall, findings indicated a positive medium effect size (Cohen’s d = 0.53). We also tested the influence of several moderators related to intervention characteristics (e.g., type of intervention, type of control group, selection criteria) or participant characteristics (age, percentage of women). Although the differences we found were not statistically significant, the trend of the results was in line with previous research. Theoretical and practical implications for MPA are further discussed.
The effect of local cold application on intradialytic cramp: A quasi-experimental study
Authors: Akay Figen , Özkaraman Ayşe
Published: November 2022

Aims:

An intradialytic cramp, which frequently occurs in hemodialysis patients, is a disturbing condition. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of local cold applications on the severity and duration of intradialytic cramps in patients with chronic kidney disease.

Materials and Methods:

This quasi-experimental study sample comprised of 74 patients who were aged >18 years, conscious, and reported experiencing intradialytic cramps in a dialysis center. In this study, the application group had the local cold treatment as well as the treatment recommended by the physician whereas the control group was only given the treatment recommended by the physician. The cramp severity was assessed using a visual analog scale as soon as the cramp started (T1) and 10 min after the onset of the cramp (T2). The cramp duration was determined by a chronometer. The Independent Sample T-test, One-Way ANOVA test, Paired Samples T-test and the Two-Way ANOVA test were used to analyze the data.

Results:

In the study, the duration of the cramp (sd) was 9.49 (0.86) minutes in the application group and 7.51 (0.69) minutes in the control group ( t = 1791, p = 0.078). It was determined that the pain severity scores of the application and control group patients were significantly decreased at the T2 time point compared to T1 ( p = 0.001), and the effect of the group and evaluation time points on the cramp severity score was not statistically different ( p = 0.548).

Conclusion:

In this study, the mean duration of the intradialytic cramp was below 10 min for both groups. The local cold application had no effect on cramp severity or duration.
Prevalence and Social-Structural Correlates of Gender-Based Violence Against Women Living With HIV in Metro Vancouver, Canada
Authors: Ohtsuka Mika S. , Shannon Kate , Zucchet Alyssa , Krüsi Andrea , Bingham Brittany , King Desire , Axl-Rose Tara , Braschel Melissa , Deering Kathleen N.
Published: November 2022

Violence experienced by cisgender (cis) and gender minority women living with HIV is known to be high. More work is needed to better understand how to support women living with HIV who have experienced violence. The objectives of this study are therefore to identify the prevalence and correlates of violence by any perpetrator among women living with HIV in a Canadian setting. Data were drawn from 9 years (January, 2010 to February, 2019) of a longitudinal community-based open cohort study of 350+ cis and trans women living with HIV who were living and/or accessed care in Metro Vancouver, Canada (Sexual Health and HIV/AIDS: Women’s Longitudinal Needs Assessment “SHAWNA”). Participants completed baseline and biannual follow-up interviews. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression with generalized estimating equations (GEE) were performed to identify correlates of recent (last 6 months) violence (physical and/or sexual) by any perpetrator. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) are presented. At baseline, prevalence of violence was high: 95.5% (recent = 19.4%) of participants reported lifetime physical and/or sexual violence, 94.8% (recent = 17.9%) reported lifetime physical violence, and 84.5% (recent = 5.7%) reported lifetime sexual violence. In multivariable logistic regression with GEE, the following variables were associated with higher odds of recent physical/sexual violence: youth (<30 years) (AOR: 1.60, 95% CI [1.15, 2.22]), recent unstable housing/homelessness (AOR: 1.96, 95% CI [1.30, 2.97]), recent food insecurity (AOR: 1.57, 95% CI [1.13, 2.17]), recent incarceration (AOR: 1.85, 95% CI [1.18, 2.91]), recent opioid use (AOR: 1.38, 95% CI [1.04, 1.82]), recent stimulant use (AOR: 2.48, 95% CI [1.72, 3.56]), and lifetime HIV status disclosure without consent (AOR: 1.59, 95% CI [1.13, 2.24]). Trauma- and violence-informed (TVI) policies that include a focus on confidentiality and safe disclosure practices should be integrated into existing housing, incarceration, and harm reduction programs, and HIV care and practice for women living with HIV. Programs and policies that address high levels of violence remain critical.
Where Are All the Men? A Qualitative Review of the Barriers, Facilitators, and Recommendations to Older Male Participation in Health Promotion Interventions
Authors: Howell Britteny M. , Peterson Jennifer R. , Corbett Sage
Published: November 2022

Objective

Older men have lower participation rates than females in health promotion interventions. We conducted a qualitative review of 20 years of existing research across a variety of academic search databases to outline the barriers, facilitators, and recommendations for this imbalance.

Data Source

A systematic search was conducted across Google Scholar, PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Academic Search Premier, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, and Web of Science from dates January 1, 2000 – December 31, 2020.

Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria

Abstracts were screened based on: original research, English language, recruitment or participation, health promotion or health program, and male gender.

Data Extraction

Of 1194 initial search results, 383 article abstracts were thoroughly screened for inclusion and 26 articles met inclusion criteria.

Synthesis

Included studies were coded and analyzed using Grounded Theory.

Results

Barriers included masculine gender roles as well as program scope, environment, and gender of the instructors and other participants. Facilitators included creating social groups of older males that participate in a variety of activities together, including hobbies and health promotion, over a long period of time.

Conclusion

Health promotion interventions should involve men in all aspects of program planning and implementation, take into account men’s existing relationships and interests to create gender-sensitive programming, and clearly delineate the benefits to participation.
Parents of Children With High Weight Are Viewed as Responsible for Child Weight and Thus Stigmatized
Authors: Patel Devanshi , Krems Jaimie Arona , Stout Madison E. , Byrd-Craven Jennifer , Hawkins Misty A. W.
Published: November 2022

Courts in seven U.S. states have removed children with “obesity” from parental custody until children could maintain “healthy weights.” These rulings—alongside qualitative reports from parents of children with high weight (PoCHs)—suggest that PoCHs are judged as bad parents. Yet little work has tested whether people genuinely stigmatize PoCHs or what drives this phenomenon. In three experiments with U.S. online community participants ( N = 1,011; two preregistered), we tested an attribution theory model: Social perceivers attribute children’s weights to parents and thus stigmatize those parents. Experiments 1 and 2 support this model (across parent and child gender). Experiment 3 manipulated attributions of parental responsibility for child weight, revealing attenuated stigma with low attributions of responsibility. Findings are among the first to describe and explain stigma toward a large demographic (parents of children with obesity)—with real-world implications (e.g., for family separation, health care)—and may additionally illuminate the psychology underlying stigma toward parents of children with other potentially stigma-evoking identities.
Increased North Atlantic dust deposition linked to Holocene Icelandic glacier fluctuations
Authors: Stewart Helena , Bradwell Tom , Bullard Joanna , McCulloch Robert D , Millar Ian
Published: November 2022

Mineral dust concentrations are coupled to climate over glacial-interglacial cycles with increased dust deposition occurring during major cold phases over the last ~100 ka. Holocene records suggest considerable spatial and temporal variability in the magnitude, frequency and timing of dust peaks that reflects regional or local drivers of dust emissions and transport. Here, we present stratigraphical, geochemical and isotopic evidence for dust deposition from two high-resolution peat sequences 200 km apart in northern Scotland spanning the last c. 8200 years. εNd isotope data suggest the dominant minerogenic dust source switches between a low latitude (likely Saharan) and a high latitude, Icelandic source. Marked peaks in increased minerogenic dust deposition at: c. 5.4–5.1, 4.0–3.9, 2.8–2.6, 1.0 and 0.3 ka BP occur against a backdrop of low dust deposition during the mid-Holocene (c. 5.0–4.0 ka BP) and increased background levels of dust during the neoglacial period (<4.0 ka BP). These dust peaks coincide with periods of glacial advance in Iceland and heightened storminess in the North Atlantic. Isotope data for additional dust peaks at c. 1.0 and 0.7 ka BP and the last ~50 years suggest these reflect increased dust from the Sahara associated with aridity and land-use change in North Africa during the Late-Holocene, and modern anthropogenic sources. This work highlights the complexity of Holocene records of dust deposition in the North Atlantic and emphasises the role of dynamic sub-Polar glaciers and their meltwater systems as a significant dust source.
Impacts of covid-19 pandemic in the Brazilian research scenario on misinformation: Analysis of publications from information science journals
Authors: Assis Stella Schwanz Dias de , Gerlin Meri Nadia Marques
Published: November 2022

The objective of identifying the scenario of the spread of misinformation in the second decade of the present century permeates the analysis of the work of the scientific community supported by technological, educational, and social demands. This issue has become even more relevant in a context of COIVID-19 pandemic. In this article, we investigate the most relevant research themes connected with misinformation addressed in Brazilian research in the field of information science, as well as data on the number of publications per analyzed journal, per year, main keywords, in addition to crossing different data collected in order to better understand this scenario, and the impact of the Pandemic on research about disinformation. This study used descriptive research in compliance with the proposed objective and bibliographic research as a procedural methodology, therefore, aimed at surveying articles in Brazilian journals on Information Science and areas of knowledge such as Library Science, Communication, and Journalism. We collected paper published in 28 Brazilian Journals of Information Science, with results between 2015 and 2021, giving a total of 114 papers. We have identified a number of core topics that are most frequent, allowing for an organization into thematic categories and subcategories. We understand that this phenomenon is not new and characteristic only of contemporary society, but must be investigated in light of recent facts that have driven the publicity of research on the subject. Allied to the misinformation scenario in the last decade, we registered the occurrence of events related to the infodemic and the pandemic responsible for changing the direction of politics, economy, health, and education worldwide.
Staff perspectives of providing prison library services in the United Kingdom
Authors: Finlay Jayne
Published: November 2022

Prison library staff play a central role in supporting prisoners with their educational, informational, recreational and cultural needs during incarceration. Their role is unique within the wider library profession, as they require both expertise in library and information management as well as the skills and knowledge required to operate in a prison environment. There has been little research exploring the experiences and perspectives of library staff who manage and deliver prison library services in the United Kingdom (UK). This paper addresses this gap in knowledge and seeks to amplify the voices of those working in an often overlooked profession. Findings are drawn from the first phase of a broader doctoral study which explored prisoner engagement with library services. A mixed-methods approach was taken, combining both a questionnaire and follow-up interviews with prison library staff across the UK. The questionnaire received 31 responses from library staff and 10 respondents participated in a follow-up interview. Findings offer a contemporary overview of the management and delivery of prison library services in the UK and underline common themes and concerns among prison library professionals, namely the implications of dual management, the impact of the unique social context in which they work and the importance of communication and liaison in providing effective library services. The paper concludes with recommendations for combatting the professional isolation felt by those working in this sector and for the promotion of prison library services both within and outside the prison.
How Do LGBTQ+ Parents Raise Well-Adjusted, Resilient, and Thriving Children?
Authors: Farr Rachel H. , Tornello Samantha L. , Rostosky Sharon S.
Published: November 2022

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) parents raise well-adjusted children. How do they accomplish this feat despite stigma and discrimination? Psychological scholarship (often based in the United States and other Westernized countries) has typically used atheoretical, deficit models based on biased assumptions to compare the outcomes of children of LGBTQ+ parents and children of cisgender heterosexual parents. However, research on processes and socialization within LGBTQ+-parent families suggests that LGBTQ+ parents demonstrate flexibility, creativity, and intentionality, which are associated with children’s positive outcomes and resilience. We recommend moving from deficits-based, comparative approaches to intersectional, queer-theory-based, and strengths-based alternatives. We argue that this conceptual shift will generate new questions and thus new knowledge about the unique strengths of LGBTQ+ parenting that positively influence children’s development. Such findings may provide insights about parenting practices and ways to support effective parenting that could benefit all children and families.
Towards Green Freight Transportation Using Train Design Optimization
Authors: Chatterjee Ayan , Maity Samir , Nag Bodhibrata
Published: November 2022

It is imperative to re-design the freight transport modal mix to ensure a shift from road to rail to limit energy consumption and global GHG emissions. However, one of the main barriers to the shift is the ability of the railways to handle consignments from customers with less than ‘unit’ train loads. In such cases, railways have to combine consignments from different customers to form ‘unit’ trains. Combining consignments is a train design optimization process involving designing a trip plan with the minimum number of trains formed and satisfying a set of conditions. However, manually optimizing train design for high-density freight traffic is challenging and practically impossible. Hence, it is essential to develop an automated train design optimization methodology that railways can quickly implement. Among several conditions of train formation, the two key constraints are the ‘number of work events’ and ‘number of block swaps’. However, the existing literature only considers either one of these two constraints in a single decision-making model. We have proposed a train design optimization method based on a genetic algorithm with a priority generator to simultaneously consider both the above-mentioned constraints. The train design optimization method developed has also been demonstrated using real-life data.
Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure Quality and Firm Financial Performance: Evidence from an Emerging Economy
Authors: Alam Zaheer , Tariq Yasir Bin
Published: November 2022

This study aims to build a corporate social responsibility (CSR) construct based on the scoring criteria that could capture the CSR disclosure quality and then relate CSR to financial performance. A data set of 760 firm-year observations covering 76 firms listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange for 10 years between 2011 and 2020 has been used for the analysis. The study sample has been collected based on purposive sampling. The generalized method of moments (GMM) has been used to test the causal relationship among the variables. GMM has confirmed a positive significant relationship between CSR and accounting-based financial performance measured through return on assets. The relationship of CSR initiatives of the firms is also significantly related to market-based financial performance captured through Tobin’s Q, indicating that the market is positively reacting to the CSR disclosure levels. Stakeholder theory has been used in this study and found to have roots in the context of Pakistan. The study has some policy implications. The companies are not disclosing much quantitative/statistical data and there is inconsistent CSR reporting among the companies. The study recommends more quality CSR disclosure and exhorts regulatory authorities to push the companies for disclosure on key non-financial indicators.
Influences of magnetic environment and two moving loads on lateral and axial displacement of sandwich graphene-reinforced copper-based composite beams with soft porous core
Authors: Eghbali Mohammadreza , Hosseini Seyed Amirhosein
Published: November 2022

Today, due to the many applications of sandwich beams in industry, studying the forced vibrations of these structures is important. In these structures, amplifiers are used to improve mechanical properties. In this paper, metal-based graphene (copper) is used to improve the mechanical properties. This research uses a functionally graded (FG) graphene-reinforced copper-based composite (GRCC) sandwich beam and FG soft porous core, subjected to two moving loads and located on an elastic foundation. The equations are derived using Soldatos’ higher-order shear deformation theory in axial and transverse directions. The exact problem under the magnetic field is solved using the Laplace method, which has not been done. The advantages of this method are the simplicity of solving and reducing to zero the error percentage that exists in numerical solutions. The results are compared with previous works. Finally, the effect of various parameters such as magnetic, porosity coefficient, elastic constant, thickness ratio, and velocity of moving load on the dynamic response of the sandwich beam is investigated. It should be noted that the results can be used to construct this type of structure.
Effects of Split-Rate Taxation on Tax Base
Authors: Yang Zhou , Hawley Zackary B.
Published: November 2022

Municipalities debating land value taxation or split-rate taxation need empirical evidence to understand how the transition of property tax regimes will affect their tax base. Using a valuable dataset on split-rate taxation from municipalities in Pennsylvania, this article empirically estimates the impacts of split-rate taxation on real estate market values and land values. The estimated impact of switching from conventional property taxation to split-rate taxation on aggregate market values is significantly positive, but the average impact from changing split-rate tax parameters during the sample period is smaller depending on the empirical specification and the sample used. In addition, the impacts vary across property types. Commercial properties appear to benefit more from split-rate taxation compared to residential and industrial uses. The Pennsylvania experience also suggests that split-rate taxes have a negative impact on land values during the sample period, but it does not appear that land values would drastically fall. The findings have important policy implications.
The role of modality and working memory capacity in L2 production
Authors: Son Myeongeun
Published: November 2022

This study investigates whether linguistic outcomes of second language (L2) learners’ performance are consistent across oral and written modalities and, if so, whether the consistency remains across proficiency levels. The study also explores whether the linguistic outcomes of speaking, writing, or both are related to working memory capacity. Eighty-six L2 learners, from beginner to advanced, described a series of pictures within time constraints in speech and in writing, and completed two working memory tests. The study found greater syntactic complexity and lexical sophistication in the written than in the oral modality. However, the oral task elicited more lexical diversity, and the advanced learners produced more subordinate clauses in the oral task than in the written task. Learners with more working memory capacity produced marginally more complex structures in the oral task than learners with less working memory capacity. These findings have implications for the effective implementation of speaking and writing activities in L2 learning.
A preliminary exploration of different coping strategies used by Korean immigrant parents of autistic children in high versus low family quality of life ratings
Authors: Fong Vanessa C. , Shim Jennifer , Yoon Andy , Lee Bo Sang , Iarocci Grace
Published: November 2022

The experiences of coping in parents of autistic children have been extensively studied in the literature. While this research has identified both effective and ineffective coping strategies used by caregivers, no studies to date have examined how coping strategies used by parents might be linked to family quality of life outcomes. Furthermore, few studies exist examining both coping strategies and family quality of life in culturally and linguistically diverse populations. Thus, this study aimed to address both limitations. A total of 12 Korean immigrant parents of autistic children, 6 representing the high family quality of life group and 6 representing the low family quality of life group, shared their experiences related to coping and managing stress. Responses fell under three broad categories (problem-focused, emotion-focused, and adjustment-focused) with differences observed when comparing the high versus low family quality of life groups. A better understanding of the link between coping strategies and family quality of life outcomes may help identify effective and culturally sensitive supports for caregivers and families to improve their quality of life and well-being.

Lay abstract

The experiences of coping in parents of autistic children have been extensively studied in the literature. While this research has identified both effective and ineffective coping strategies used by caregivers, no studies to date have examined how coping strategies used by parents might be linked to family quality of life outcomes. Furthermore, few studies exist examining both coping strategies and family quality of life in culturally and linguistically diverse populations. Thus, this study aimed to address both limitations. A total of 12 Korean immigrant parents of autistic children, 6 representing the high family quality of life group and 6 representing the low family quality of life group, shared their experiences related to coping and managing stress. Responses fell under three broad categories (problem-focused, emotion-focused, and adjustment-focused) with differences observed when comparing the high versus low family quality of life groups. A better understanding of the link between coping strategies and family quality of life outcomes may help identify effective and culturally sensitive supports for caregivers and families to improve their quality of life and well-being.
Microdosing with classical psychedelics: Research trajectories and practical considerations
Authors: Wong Alice , Raz Amir
Published: November 2022

Microdosing—the intermittent ingestion of minute, sub-hallucinogenic amounts of psychedelic substances, repeatedly and over time—has become a widespread, albeit largely understudied, phenomenon. Regulations around using psychedelics at any dose—micro, mini, macro, or mega—pose all sorts of difficulties for those who wish to systematically study the effects of Schedule I drugs, especially in the United States. Microdosers commonly claim that taking a sub-hallucinogenic (pre-hallucinogenic or sub-perceptual) dose improves higher brain functions, including creativity, productivity, and mood. If true, these results would provide an important experimental edge in distinguishing psychosocial effects (e.g. caused by expectation) from those related to the active psychedelic ingredient. In this critical integrative synthesis, we explore the psychobiological science of dose amounts and how it informs microdosing with classical psychedelics (e.g. lysergic acid diethylamide [LSD] and psilocybin) to highlight and fuel research into questions (e.g. in cognitive neuroscience, consciousness studies, and metacognition). We sketch the hurdle-laden regulatory landscape and the procedures that shroud research with Schedule I drugs. Finally, we offer some future directions relevant to both scholars and clinicians in the social and behavioral sciences as well as in mental health and neurological science.
Detailed prediction of HRR and NOx emissions in CI engines via a novel thermodynamic model with constant equivalence ratio zones
Authors: Tamborski Matteo , D’Errico Gianluca , Lucchini Tommaso , Onorati Angelo
Published: November 2022

This paper presents a novel, quasi dimensional-model for the simulation of the combustion process in compression-ignition engines. The model discretizes with a multiple number of zones the in-cylinder air-fuel mass on fixed values of local equivalence ratio, with the charge stratification determined from a 2D reconstruction via a one-dimensional control-volume-based spray approach. Reacting multi-zones are further split into three conceptual sub-zones: liquid, unburnt vapor and burnt vapor, in which chemical reactions proceed according to a tabulated kinetics of ignition (TKI) model. This approach provides a simple methodological framework for the combustion of direct injection of virtually every kind of liquid fuel and relies on a detailed phenomenological chemical/physical link of jet’s reacting phenomena. To account for engine geometry, a spray-wall interaction sub-model has been added to the axial spray. The model has been validated against experimental data and detailed CFD simulation results. First, the direct injection model (as a free jet) has been assessed with respect to ECN sprays A, C, and D experiments. For both the long injection and split injection cases, all the combustion phases are well predicted: premixed peak, mixing-controlled combustion, burn-out are seamlessly described and in good agreement with experimental and detailed CFD data. The wall interaction sub-model was validated with a suitable experiment where a reacting jet impinges on a mock-up wall inside a combustion vessel. Finally, the model has been validated against real heavy-duty engine experimental observations of 151 points of a complete engine map. The tuning of the model consists in two parameters, that are engine-specific, hence constant for the whole map. With these assumptions, the AHRR traces are well described in all simulated conditions. Mean predicted BSFC is only slightly underestimated (−2.3%), as it is the NOx production (−1.6%).
Editorial Introduction: Reparation and Visual Culture
Authors: Huard Adrienne , Moser Gabrielle
Published: November 2022

This themed issue of Journal of Visual Culture examines the critical role that art and aesthetics play in processes of reparation. Invoking reparation in its multiple registers – as an act of repair, as the part that has been repaired, as a process of healing an injury, and as an act of justice – the articles and artist projects assembled in this issue move beyond the dominant juridical or financial definitions of reparations (definitions established by the colonial state, or by capitalist legal systems) to think and sense reparation as a singular verb: an active process oriented towards the future that does not lose sight of the ongoing ‘liveness’ of the colonial past.
Islamic values and human resources management: A qualitative study of grocery stores in the Quebec province
Authors: Toumi Said , Su Zhan
Published: November 2022

Over the last two decades, the study of the effect of Islamic values on management has been of interest to researchers. However, the study of the impact of these values on human resources management remains limited. The objective of this article is to shed light on the human resource management practices of Muslim immigrants settled in Quebec City. To achieve this objective, we conducted a qualitative study of the impact of the Muslim religion on human resources management in grocery stores located in the national capital. The results show that the values of the Muslim religion influence the behavior of grocery store owners, which in turn influences human resource management practices. This research contributes to the development of cross-cultural management research by showing how Islamic values influence human resource management practices in a different cultural context.
Impact of social media brand blunders on brand trust and brand liking
Authors: Hayran Ceren , Ceylan Melis
Published: November 2022

More companies are engaging with consumers in real-time on digital platforms, which may lead to accidental or unintentional sharing of messages. Accordingly, how to manage online brand crises has become an increasingly important issue for marketing managers. The present research explores how online brand blunders influence consumers’ trust and liking toward the blunderer brand, and the role of brand commitment in this relationship. Three studies show that consumers evaluate online brand blunders differently than they do product performance problems. Specifically, upon receiving negative brand blunder information, high (vs. low)-commitment consumers’ brand trust and brand liking decrease to a higher extent due to finding the blunder less humorous and more offensive. On the contrary, upon receiving negative product performance information, low (vs. high)-commitment consumers’ brand trust and brand liking decrease to a higher extent, which supports previous literature. Our findings suggest that managers should prioritize high and low-commitment consumers differently and tailor blunder communication in handling online brand crises.