bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
INSTRUMENTS FOR MODELING ECONOMIC PROCESSES USING MODERN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE CONTEXT OF PROVIDING THE DIGITAL ECONOMY
Authors:   National University of Food Technologies, Makarevych Olha , Mykhailyk Olha ,   National University of Food Technologies
Published: February 2025

In the article is considered to modern information technological solutions that simplify and accelerate the performance of routine work by enterprise staff in business processes, which can be described by instruments for modeling economic processes based on algorithms using artificial intelligence, machine learning and imitation. Modeling of economic processes using information technologies has become an integral tool for making justified management decisions and strategic planning of enterprises activities. Modern computer technologies make it possible to create complex economic models that take into account numerous factors of influence and their connections, providing high accuracy of forecasts and the ability of quickly respond to changes in the market environment. In the conditions of economy digital transformation, is gaining special relevance the synergy of mathematical modeling methods with advanced information technologies. In the article is proposed to supplement the classical stages of modeling economic process with software development. The steps are: 1. The Statement of an economic problem (task). 2. Construction of a numerical economic and mathematical model of a system (object). 3. Mathematical analysis of the model. 4. Preparation of initial information. 5. Solving the problem on the basis of the developed model. 6. Setting tasks for IT developers to describe a working algorithm by programming language. 7. Approbation of information technology. 8. Analysis of numerical results and decision-making – the use of information technology – software to simplify and speed up decision-making. In order to make successful management decisions and perform tasks with the least time, financial and labor costs, it is necessary: to apply Machine Learning, regression and classification algorithms to predict key production indicators and improve the quality of managerial decision-making; Machine learning algorithms for building optimization models, formation of optimal logistics routes for products delivery, forecasting cash inflows, Queue management and personalized customer experience by analyzing customer behavior. The results can be used for further research, training and practical application in economics.
Implementasi Model Scramble dalam Pembelajaran Mengidentifikasi Informasi pada Teks Deskripsi Kelas VII di MTSs Al-Ikhlas Bilungala
Authors: Olii Fahjihan Titania , Salam Salam , Sartika Eka
Published: February 2025

This study was motivated by the need for innovation in teaching methods to improve students' ability to identify information in descriptive texts. At MTs Al-Ikhlas Bilungala, conventional teaching approaches often failed to motivate students, resulting in their low understanding of the material. The Scramble learning model was chosen because it is considered capable of creating an interactive, collaborative, and enjoyable learning atmosphere to address these challenges. This study aims to describe the planning, implementation, results, as well as the supporting and inhibiting factors in using the Scramble model for teaching the identification of information in descriptive texts in Grade VII at MTs Al-Ikhlas Bilungala. Using a qualitative descriptive method, data were collected through observation, interviews, documentation, and tests. The findings reveal that the lesson planning was designed for two meetings, its implementation followed the prepared lesson plans (RPP), and the results showed an increase in students' scores from an average of 65 in the pre-test to 80 in the post-test, with 80% of students meeting the minimum mastery criteria. The supporting factors in the learning process include interactivity, collaboration, and the use of diverse roles, while the inhibiting factors involve varying levels of student participation and difficulties in understanding texts. Overall, the Scramble model proved effective in improving students' understanding, despite some challenges that need to be addressed.
The concept of marriage in the definition of Canon 10 of the 24th Session of the Council of Trent: adherence to tradition and seeds of innovation
Authors: Garetto Roberto
Published: February 2025

The legal notion of marriage has been strongly influenced in the past by theological reflection on the issue. A pivotal point in this regard is represented by the Council of Trent. The complex definition of Canon 10 of the 24th Session relates marriage to chastity. The anathema imposed on those who affirm the superiority of marriage over virginity does not necessarily imply the affirmation of the reverse by the Council Fathers. This consideration allows us to discern, already in the second half of the 16th century, the seed of a reevaluation of the sexual dimension of marital life. Despite the rigorist zeal post-Tridentine, this seed has been preserved over the centuries and has come to fruition in the last decades of the past century. The new perspectives that have opened up on the issue, not only in theological but also in social spheres, are part of the complex scenario that has seen, at the beginning of the 21st century, the legal evolution of marriage, now intended in a multiplicity of forms of union.
Propagación in vitro del laurel silvestre (Litsea glaucescens Kunth) y análisis de la diversidad genética de poblaciones del centro de México
Authors: Valle Rodríguez Claudia Montserrat , Dávila Figueroa Carlos Antonio , De la Rosa Carrillo María de Lourdes , Pérez Molphe-Balch Eugenio , Morales Domínguez José Francisco
Published: February 2025

El laurel silvestre (Litsea glaucescens Kunth) es una especie forestal considerada en peligro de extinción debido a la reducción de sus poblaciones en la colecta inmoderada e ilegal de sus ramas para diferentes usos. En el presente trabajo, se ubicaron y estudiaron algunas poblaciones de laurel silvestre en los estados de Aguascalientes y San Luis Potosí. Para el protocolo de propagación, el mejor tratamiento fue 0.5 mg L-1 de BA en medio MS utilizando como explantes segmentos nodales a partir de brotes de semillas maduras germinadas in vitro y para el enraizamiento fue con 1 mg L-1 de AIB. El dendrograma mostró una separación entre un grupo que incluyó sólo ejemplares de San Luis Potosí y otro que incluyó a otros ejemplares de esta región junto con los de Aguascalientes. Los ejemplares generados in vitro se mantuvieron dentro del agrupamiento que incluye la localidad donde se obtuvieron.
evolución de la mediación en sede judicial hacia otras sedes como alternativa para la resolución de conflictos en Aguascalientes
Authors: Márquez Algara María Guadalupe , De Villa Cortés José Carlos
Published: February 2025

El presente artículo hace referencia a cómo ha evolucionado la mediación en los últimos años, al pasar de ser un procedimiento ofrecido en sedes judiciales a ser también un mecanismo utilizado en otro tipo de sedes, en particular en el ámbito comunitario. En el estado de Aguascalientes se ha comenzado a dar ese cambio con la creación de programas de mediación. Los resultados del Centro de Mediación del Poder Judicial de Aguascalientes prueban que la mediación cada vez es más utilizada por la ciudadanía, lo que también es una muestra de la pertinencia de fomentar el uso de la mediación en otro tipo de sedes diversas a la judicial. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo dar a conocer las ventajas de la mediación comunitaria, así como los avances y evolución en materia de mediación en Aguascalientes.
Análisis técnico económico de sistemas de bovinos doble propósito en Tejupilco, Estado de México, en la época de secas
Authors: Puebla Albiter Sergio , Rebollar Rebollar Samuel , Albarrán Portillo Benito , García Martínez Anastacio , Arriaga Jordán Carlos Manuel
Published: February 2025

El objetivo fue analizar técnica y económicamente el sistema de producción doble propósito en Tejupilco, Estado de México, en época de secas de 2012. La información provino de 30 UP (unidades de producción) seleccionadas por intención, considerando el umbral de rentabilidad con estadísticos descriptivos. La dimensión media fue 10 ha y 23 animales. La edad y escolaridad 56 ± 13 y 6.2 ± 3.1 años, con 33 ± 16 años en la actividad; instalaciones simples, funcionales, cercas perimetrales, comederos y bebederos. La reproducción fue con monta natural, sin registros productivos; alimentación de maíz molido-rastrojo, asignaciones menores de avena forrajera y complementación comercial. El 90% de las UP generan ingresos por venta de animales y pie de cría, 17% producen leche para elaborar y vender quesos artesanales. El costo de producción fue de $2,553.2 por cabeza, 93.6% alimentación. El ingreso total $6,762.7, ganancia $4,209.5 y significó 62.2% del ingreso.
La educación para la paz como herramienta para la promoción y protección de la paz como derecho humano
Authors: Arredondo González Adriana Yared , Mejía Castaño Julián Alberto , Calderón Cárdenas Astrid Milena
Published: February 2025

Para el desarrollo de la presente investigación se empleó la metodología cualitativa con dirección descriptivo-documental, con la finalidad de revisar y analizar documentación sobre “la educación para la paz” estudiando autores como Roberto Beltrán Zambrano de Ecuador, Johan Galtung, Francisco Jiménez Bautista y José Tuvilla Rayo entre otros, con la finalidad de indagar si esta herramienta sociológica sirve para la protección y promoción de la paz, esta última vista como un Derecho Humano. Se reflexiona sobre los instrumentos básicos y necesarios para alcanzar la “paz”, el desarrollo de algunas nociones sobre esta e indagar en cómo se puede promocionar y proteger. Se identificaron como productos en esta investigación a la “Cultura de paz”, “Noviolencia” y la “Paz neutra”, que, cumpliendo su función en un marco educativo, en donde, de manera intrínseca y operativa dan parámetros, instrucciones, una ruta para la evolución de la sociedad, como ejercicio ante los conflictos y como acción útil para la observación-acción, proporcionando una filosofía que conlleva la construcción estructural para el comportamiento humano.
“Far From Their Original Homeland”
Authors: Aherne Beth
Published: February 2025

Cherie Dimaline’s The Marrow Thieves (2017) and Waubgeshig Rice’s Moon of the Crusted Snow (2018) have been studied as Indigenous critiques of the climate crisis, Western knowledge systems, and Canadian concepts of reconciliation. Scholars argue that both Indigenous futurist novels criticise the systemic marginalisation of First Nations people in Canada. According to Mark Rifkin, central to settler-state encounters with Indigenous people in North America are the imposition of European constructions of the family and the erasure of Native kinship systems. However, the subversive depictions of the family in Rice’s and Dimaline’s texts have yet to be explored in-depth and in conversation with each other. To address this gap, this article conducts a comparative analysis of The Marrow Thieves and Moon of the Crusted Snow to investigate how Indigenous futurist texts transform science fiction (SF) conventions to decolonise and queer the family.
This analysis uses postcolonial and queer theories alongside theories of Indigenous futurisms to critically examine the families in Dimaline’s and Rice’s novels. This study contextualises the contemporary Canadian family and considers the implications of Western settler-colonial family ideology for Indigenous groups in North America, investigating how the two authors employ Indigenous futurisms in their portrayals of First Nations’ gender roles, parenthood and kinship systems. Both texts are set in the near future where Indigenous families and communities are forced to hone their survival skills to avoid succumbing to the apocalypse. The families resist exploitation through storytelling and cultural inheritance. Central to their resistance against the effects of the colonial encounter is their transgression of Western gender and familial norms as well as their cosmologies of kinship which foster their relationship with the land. Ultimately, both Dimaline and Rice employ dystopian settings typical of SF to subvert traditional family structures in defiance of settler-coloniality.
The study of the family in SF has been limited to conventional biological families depicted in narratives that perpetuate imperialist endeavours through tales of space exploration and interplanetary colonisation. By conducting a comparative analysis of the portrayal of queer decolonial families in Indigenous futurist texts, this article expands the study of the family in SF outside the boundaries of traditional Western encounter narratives and the nuclear family form.
Truth, Honour and Justice: The Military Tribunals of Captain Francisco de Cuéllar 1583/84 and 1588
Authors: Kelly Francis
Published: February 2025

Captain Francisco de Cuéllar was an infantry officer who served in the Spanish military during the period 1580-1603. He is known to Irish history for an account (Carta) that he wrote of his experiences with the Spanish Armada in 1588. Two controversies marked his military service during the 1580s. He commanded vessels in two fleets; the Armada de Magallanes, which served in the south Atlantic in the period 1581-84, and the Gran Armada of 1588. During both campaigns he gained notoriety for incidents that led to
disciplinary sanctions and resulted in formal inquiries. In 1583, after a battle with English galleons in Brazil, Cuéllar became embroiled in a dispute with a commanding officer over the conduct of the engagement, which resulted in four inquiries and the case being referred to the Council of the Indies at Madrid. In 1588, he was court-martialled for breach of discipline in the North Sea, and sentenced to be executed. Cuéllar’s
experiences in Brazil, when set alongside those of 1588, provide an interesting case study of military discipline and the repercussions of defeat in the Spanish navy of the sixteenth century. This article will investigate the circumstances surrounding the controversies, and examine the legal procedures employed by the protagonists in each instance.
“In an orgy of violence”: Deconstructing hypermasculine identity in Todd Strasser’s Give a Boy a Gun
Authors: Mahler Anne
Published: February 2025

In April 1999, after months of planning the most destructive rampage school shooting in US American history, Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold killed thirteen people and themselves at Columbine High School in Littleton, Colorado. In the aftermath of the shooting, different theories for the shooter’s motives and inspirations emerged, reaching from Goth culture and hard rock music to first-person shooter video games; and authors started to literarily engage with the phenomenon. Focussing on the construction and performance of masculine identity in American high schools, this article extends existing discussions surrounding the shooters’ motives, and puts toxic hegemonic masculine gender performances and their potential to traumatise subordinate masculinities at the centre of its analysis. The text serving as a basis is Todd Strasser’s young adult novel Give a Boy a Gun (2000) which was inspired by Columbine and the first school shooting book to be published after Harris’ and Klebold’s rampage. It is argued that, in the context of school shooting fictions, the performance of toxic hegemonic masculinity is a key component of the shooter’s motivations in literature, which has the potential to cause chronic trauma that manifests itself in a hyperviolent and hypermasculine school shooting.
Palliative Buddhism: Exploring Corporate Mindfulness as a Crisis-Management Mechanism
Authors: Sugino Corinne Mitsuye
Published: February 2025

Abstract: In 2014 at the annual Wisdom 2.0 Conference in San Francisco, several people interrupted a panel hosted by Google on mindfulness and technology in order to protest economic inequality and displacement in the area. After the protesters were forced to leave, the panelists instructed their audience to re-center themselves and utilize mindfulness techniques in order to move past the distraction and return to productive discussion. This moment encapsulates the interaction between the growth of corporate mindfulness and the ongoing crisis of neoliberal exploitation, in that the panelists sought to deploy mindfulness as a strategy for smoothing over the contradictions of capitalism. This paper analyzes the turn by an increasing number of people and corporations in the West to corporate mindfulness as a method for coping with uncertainty, stress, and anxiety associated with neoliberal crisis. I analyze the 2014 incident at the Wisdom 2.0 conference, as well as two guided mindfulness programs: Headspace and Buddhify. In particular, I argue that these corporate mindfulness programs are characterized by the appropriation, exoticization, and whitewashing of Asian Buddhist practices that serve as a crisis management strategy in the contemporary neoliberal era.
Betwixt and Between Work and Play: Liminality at the Festival OFF d’Avignon
Authors: Huber Hanna
Published: February 2025

Previous festival research based on Victor Turner’s concept of liminality essentially shows two tendencies: either festivals are interpreted as initiation rites of artists and artworks (Teissl, 2013; Valck, 2007), or they are described as carnivalesque inversions of the everyday in which participants temporarily engage in deviant behaviours and renegotiate social identities (Luckman, 2014; Pielichaty, 2015; Ravenscroft & Gilchrist, 2009). Yet, certain social divisions and behavioural patterns remain powerful even within liminal festival spaces (Van Heerden, 2011; Jaimangal-Jones et al., 2010).
This paper examines to what extent the Festival OFF d’Avignon in France unites carnivalesque exuberance with its status as a performing arts market and is thus situated ‘betwixt and between’ work and play. Today, the non-juried fringe festival constitutes a marketplace for the purchase and sale of theatre productions, mirrors neoliberal structures of modern-day society, and represents an initiation rite for artists and their creations. Amidst the market bustle, the festival’s revolutionary story of origin still resonates in the memory of its participants, when the provincial town is transformed into an in-between space every summer.
Conceptualised as a mixed methods research, this article draws on a combination of qualitative interviews, quantitative data evaluation, and secondary literature.
A pre-experimental study: Spelling bee game to elevate vocabulary mastery of Gen Z students
Authors: Mawar Putri Bulan , Anggreni Afrillia
Published: February 2025

Vocabulary is the most crucial component for EFL learners in learning English because it is a key to acquiring and improving language skills. Nevertheless, to master vocabulary, the EFL learners need great effort. Therefore, this study aims to identify the effectiveness of spelling bee games in boosting vocabulary mastery of Gen Z students. This study employed a pre-experimental design with one group pre-test and post-test. The sample consisted of 32 students from class VII G, a show was selected purposively. The data collection involved pre-test and post-test. The data were analyzed using a parametric test (paired-sample test) assisted by SPSS 26. The result of this study finds that the significance of 2-tailed is lower than (<) 0.05, which reveals that spelling bee as a conventional game is still statistically effective in elevating Gen Z’ English vocabulary. Thus, conventional games can still be maintained to teach Gen Z students vocabulary, especially in teaching form (spelling) and use (constructing sentences).
Improving Junior High School Students' Vocabulary Mastery through Wordwall.net Media
Authors: Faradila Nandatul , Lapita Yuni , Fadhli Muhammad
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This research attempted to investigate the effectiveness of using Wordwall.net media to improve junior high school students' vocabulary mastery. This research carried out classroom action research (CAR). Thirty students of class VIII.E at SMPN 7 Kota Bengkulu in the academic year of 2022/2023 were the research subjects. The instruments used were vocabulary test, observation checklist, and note. The results showed the improvement in students' vocabulary test that was proven in the percentage of students who passed the Minimum Mastery Criterion (KKM) from the pre-cycle to cycle 2. The improvement of classroom situations during the teaching-learning process also occurred in terms of students' attention, activeness, and confidence in learning English. Thus, wordwall.net is a potential medium to teach English vocabulary.
PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI MONITORING HARIAN MAGANG INDUSTRI PENDIDIKAN TEKNIK MESIN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL 4D
Authors: Sidik Rasyid , Nurul Husnaini Azizah , Syivarulli Riina , Kholil Muhammad , Rohman Ngatou , Susilo Wijayanto Danar
Published: February 2025

The problems encountered in the industrial internship courses that are held conventionally are less actual daily log book recording and limited frequency of monitoring supervisors, resulting in less than optimal internship results. This research aims to develop a daily monitoring information system for industrial internships for Mechanical Engineering Education students at Sebelas Maret University. The research method used is Research and Development (RnD) with 4D models including Define, Design, Develop, and Disseminate. The result of this study is to develop a web-based daily monitoring information system for industrial internships and accommodate the industrial internship process from the preparation stage to the end of the assessment. Based on the analysis results, this information system obtained the "good" category with an average website performance test score of 84.25 on 4 test tools. The system was also rated "highly valid" based on a 98.6% eligibility score from 3 IT experts and 85.6% from 30 trial students.
PQRST (Preview, Question, Read, State, Test) Method’s Effectiveness towards Reading Comprehension of Analytical Exposition Text at SMAN 1 Katibung
Authors: Nurfadhila Syifa , Ayu Mutiara
Published: February 2025

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the PQRST method in improving students' reading comprehension of analytical exposition texts. The research design employs a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design involving two groups: the experimental group, which was taught using the PQRST method, and the control group, which received passive instruction through direct teacher explanations. Data were collected through a reading comprehension test to measure students' understanding. The Independent Sample T-test result indicates significant differences between the experimental and control groups' post-test scores. The two-tailed significance (Sig) value was 0.000, which is lower than the significance level of α = 0.050, confirming a statistically significant difference between the two groups. The experimental group, which applied the PQRST method, scored higher than the control group. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the PQRST method significantly enhances students' reading comprehension of analytical exposition texts.
Simulation-based teaching versus traditional small group teaching for first-year medical students among high and low scorers in respiratory physiology, India: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Yelahanka Channegowda Nalini , Pai Dinker Ramanand , Manivasakan Shivasakthy
Published: February 2025

Purpose: Although it is widely utilized in clinical subjects for skill training, using simulation-based education (SBE) for teaching basic science concepts to phase I medical students or pre-clinical students is limited. Simulation-based education/teaching is preferred in cardiovascular and respiratory physiology when compared to other systems because it is easy to recreate both the normal physiological component and alterations in the simulated environment, thus a promoting deep understanding of the core concepts.Methods: A block randomized study was conducted among 107 phase 1 (first-year) medical undergraduate students at a Deemed to be University in India. Group A received SBE and Group B traditional small group teaching. The effectiveness of the teaching intervention was assessed using pre- and post-tests. Student feedback was obtained through a self administered structured questionnaire via an anonymous online survey and by in-depth interview.Results: The intervention group showed a statistically significant improvement in post-test scores compared to the control group. A sub-analysis revealed that high scorers performed better than low scorers in both groups, but the knowledge gain among low scorers was more significant in the intervention group.Conclusion: This teaching strategy offers a valuable supplement to traditional methods, fostering a deeper comprehension of clinical concepts from the outset of medical training.
Understanding Macromolecules and their Interactions
Authors:   , de Vries Ida
Published: February 2025

Proteins are key building blocks of life, and hence crucial to understand. Proteins work together and with other molecules, like DNA and ligands, to control all biological processes happening in our bodies; from moving our muscles to digesting food from vision to hormone regulation. Both in health and disease. Hence, understanding these interactions at the atomic 3D level is crucial for developing new medicines.
To aid the interpretation of the interactions between proteins and their interactors, this thesis introduces new tools. We enrich the existing PDB-REDO framework with improved description of DNA, and start with analysing halogen bonds. All aiming to helps scientists get access to accurate and as complete as possible 3D models of proteins and their partners. To be capable of handling thousands of protein samples to find ones that interact with a ligand and hence could be useful for developing new drugs, we developed X-FRAGtor. Thirdly, we present AlphaFill, which makes predicted protein models more complete by adding missing pieces, such as important vitamins or metals. All these tools are designed to help scientists study proteins fast, intuitively and accurately. Hereby we emphasize FAIR data practices, ensuring that these tools present findable, accessible, and reusable results by the scientific community.
Using these tools and experimental techniques, the research zooms in on a rare type of DNA, base-J, found in parasites that cause diseases like sleeping sickness. We show how base-J interacts with J-DNA binding proteins, presenting new, experimentally validated models of their binding behaviour. Notably, it shows that JBP1 binds base-J far more strongly than JBP3, offering clues for potential therapeutic targets.
Finally, we dived into the “CHAOS” of proteins. Herein we find that most human proteins are more flexible and messier than expected, like tangled strings that still perform important jobs.
Together, these discoveries bring us closer to understanding life’s building blocks and could help scientists design new treatments for diseases in the future.
A Roadmap for Clear Skin: Pathways to Put Acne in the Rearview Mirror
Authors: Boreham Helen
Published: February 2025

In this continuing medical education session at the 2024 Fall Clinical Dermatology Conference, James Q Del Rosso, Adjunct Clinical Professor of Dermatology at Touro University Nevada, Henderson, USA, and Karan Lal, Director of Pediatric Dermatology at Affiliated Dermatology, Scottsdale, USA, reviewed recent additions to the therapeutic armamentarium for acne and considered how to integrate new topical therapies into clinical practice in order to optimize outcomes for patients. Notable recent additions to dermatologists’ acne toolkit include newer dual and triple combination therapies, as well as agents with novel mechanisms, such as the androgen-receptor inhibitor clascoterone. Given the wide variety of topical therapies now available, Lal emphasized the importance of joint decision-making and individualized acne management that meets patients’ needs, as well as targeting underlying disease pathophysiology.
Prism adaptation combined with serious games for improving visual-constructive abilities in stroke patients: randomized clinical trial
Authors: Oliveri Massimiliano , Bagnato Sergio , Rizzo Silvia , Imbornone Emilia , Turriziani Patrizia
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Visuomotor adaptation to a displacement of the visual field induced by prismatic lenses can help rehabilitate cognitive deficits when combined with digital cognitive training. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of this approach in rehabilitating visual constructive deficits in stroke patients, assess the generalization of improvements to daily living skills, identify which serious games best predicted improvements.

Methods

Thirty stroke patients were randomly assigned to either a control group, receiving standard rehabilitation, or an experimental group, receiving a therapy combining prism adaptation with cognitive training through serious games over ten consecutive sessions. Patients were administered a neuropsychological test battery at baseline (T0) and after 10 days (T1). Visual constructive abilities were evaluated using Freehand Copy of Drawings and Copy of Drawings with Landmarks tests. Spatial attention was evaluated using Albert's Line Cancellation and Line Bisection tests. Functional abilities were evaluated with the Barthel Index.

Results

Test scores of the Freehand Copy of Drawings improved from T0 to T1 in both the experimental (6.89 ± 2.7 vs. 7.83 ± 2.9; p = 0.01) and the control group (5.84 ± 2.1 vs. 7.51 ± 2.2; p = 0.01). The improvement was comparable between the two groups (p = 0.38). Test scores of the Copy of Drawings with Landmarks improved from T0 to T1 in the experimental (42.94 ± 19.6 vs. 50.2 ± 18.1; p = 0.007), but not in the control group (39.9 ± 19.6 vs. 42.7 ± 20.9; p = 0.41). The improvement was comparable between the two groups (p = 0.28). In the experimental group, Barthel Index scores at T1 correlated with both Free Hand Copy of Drawings scores (R = 0.651; p = 0.009) and Copy of Drawings with Landmarks scores (R = 0.582; p = 0.02). No correlations were found in the Control Group. Serious games targeting attention and motor planning were predictive of improvements in visual construction.

Conclusion

prismatic lenses combined with digital cognitive training improve visual construction and functional abilities in stroke patients, providing a novel method to promote stroke rehabilitation.
Deep structure and Pb-Zn mineralization control of the Shuangdinggou-Xinling rock body in the Qingchengzi ore field revealed by gravity profile inversion
Authors: Liu Yingchun , Yu Yunliang , Gao Xiangwei , Cai Hongchen , He Jinxin
Published: February 2025

The Qingchengzi region in Liaoning Province represents a significant Pb-Zn ore site in China. The Late Triassic Shuangdinggou-Xinling granite intrusions, located in both the southern and northern parts of this mineral-rich area, critically influence the genesis of Pb-Zn deposits. The limited investigation into the deep distribution characteristics of these granite bodies hinders our understanding of their potential for deep-seated mineral deposits. We conducted an integrated approach that encompassed geological surveys, geochemical analyses, and Bouguer gravity anomaly assessments. The geochemical investigations of the Shuangdinggou and Xinling granite bodies indicated analogous signatures, reinforcing their collective contribution to the generation of ore-forming fluids. Furthermore, the gravity data demonstrated that the Shuangdinggou and Xinling granite bodies are interconnected at depth, with the Shuangdinggou body exhibiting a burial depth ranging from approximately 4,000–4,500 m. By employing human-machine interactive gravity profile inversion across two cross-sections, we have clarified the extensive subsurface morphology of the granite formations and validated their hidden interconnections. In the Qingchengzi mining zone, the Xinling body (granite branch) extends northeastward from the Shuangdinggou body (granite base) along a fault. These granite intrusions jointly govern the formation and spatial distribution of Pb-Zn deposits, influenced by overlaps of syngenetic fractures resulting from magmatic intrusions and earlier tectonic folding events.
Redefining learning: student-centered strategies for academic and personal growth
Authors: Bhardwaj Vipul , Zhang Shuwei , Tan Yan Qin , Pandey Vijay
Published: February 2025

As the landscape of higher education continues to evolve, institutions must adapt to meet the changing needs of prospective graduate students. This article explores the implications of student-centered strategies on the academic and personal growth of graduate science students. The traditional teacher-centered approach, while effective in conveying foundational knowledge, has been criticized for hindering the development of critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving skills. In contrast, the student-centered approach shifts the focus to learners, encouraging active participation and fostering essential skills needed to address modern scientific challenges. The teaching concepts, “for the student,” “of the student,” and “by the student” emphasize inclusivity, peer collaboration, and encouraging students to take ownership of their education. A prime example of the success of this approach is the ‘’Molecular Basis of Cancer’’ course, which transitioned from a traditional teacher-centered model to a student-centered one. This shift has allowed students to engage more deeply with complex scientific concepts, fostering independent learning, peer-led discussions, and collaborative research. The results of this transition are evident not only in improved academic performance but also in significant scientific outputs, such as published research articles co-authored by students. By encouraging critical inquiry, creativity, and a professional attitude, the course enables graduate students to navigate real-world scientific challenges more effectively. This case study highlights the accomplishments of student-centered model while identifying areas for further improvement in teaching practices and curriculum design. It underscores the importance of student-centered teaching in shaping future scientific leaders by providing a more balanced, dynamic, and inclusive learning environment for graduate students in science-education. As education continues to evolve, blending traditional methods with student-centered approaches will be key to creating engaging and empowering educational experiences that meet the demands of both students and the ever-advancing fields of science and technology.
Principals’ leadership styles as predictors of teachers’ attitude toward parental involvement
Authors: Barth Anat , Tsemach Sigalit
Published: February 2025

Introduction

Parental involvement has become a key component of school success. Both in terms of organizational functioning and students’ individual excellence. Many factors influence parental involvement, one of which is teachers’ attitudes toward it. The way teachers address parental involvement is shaped by personal, professional, cultural, and organizational characteristics. The current study explores the influence of principals’ leadership styles (i.e., transformational, authentic, and participative) on teachers’ attitudes toward parental involvement, and identifies which styles are the most effective predictors of positive attitudes of the latter.

Methods

Six hundred and twenty-two teachers completed an online questionnaire distributed through social media.

Results

Stepwise Linear Regression revealed that participative leadership is a main contributor to positive teachers’ attitudes toward parental involvement. Authentic leadership also contributes positively to these attitudes, while transformational leadership does not predict regarding these attitudes at all.

Discussion

The results suggest that empowering teachers in school processes and fostering an ethical climate are mechanisms that allow principals to improve teachers’ attitudes toward parental involvement. However, focusing on inspiration, individual consideration, intellectual stimulation, or functioning as a role model does not effectively improve these attitudes. These findings may be attributed to the organizational security that participative and authentic leadership provide, and to the fact that transformational leadership, which fosters personal commitment, does not address external challenges such as interactions with parents. In practice, understanding the unique contributions of each leadership style can help principals choose the appropriate actions to address specific organizational challenges. In conclusion, overall, the study highlights the importance of participative and authentic leadership in promoting positive teacher attitudes toward parental involvement, which is crucial for school success.
AI teachers (AI-based robots as teachers): history, potential, concerns and recommendations
Authors: Malik Muhammad Abid , Shah Rehmat
Published: February 2025

Although Artificial intelligence (AI) has been used in education for a long time, its popularity and spread have witnessed exponential growth since the launch of ChatGPT. It can be used as a tool, teaching assistant, or teacher. AI teacher (AI-based robot as a teacher) is not a new concept with the first teaching robots used in the 1970s; however, most of the research and usage of AI in education is focused on AI as a tool or a teaching assistant. This article looks at AI teachers’ history, some key cases, potential and benefits, and concerns and challenges associated with their use in classrooms. Overcoming teachers’ shortage, flexibility, transparency, unbiasedness, and improving students’ motivation were some of their key benefits; while being untested and unreliable, cost, need for specific infrastructure and technical expertise, resistance to change, ethical issues, and fears of dehumanizing and desensitizing students were the main concerns and challenges. We suggest co-teaching with AI teachers using four different approaches. Through them, AI teachers and human teachers can work together in classrooms to maximize the effectiveness of the teaching-learning process.
Association between visceral adiposity index and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the non-elderly adults
Authors: Zhang Jiqian , Li Ming , Wang Tongxin , Tian Wende , Ju Jianqing , Xu Hao
Published: February 2025

Background

The visceral adiposity index (VAI) reflects changes in visceral adipose function and is also linked to cardiometabolic risk. The study aimed to investigate the association between VAI and both all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality in the U.S. population aged 20-65 years.

Methods

This study included data from 9,094 American adults aged 20-65 years from the 2009-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The exposure variable was VAI, while the outcome variables were all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. The Cox regression model was employed to explore the correlation between VAI and mortality among participants. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) were used to explore the nonlinear associations, and a two-piecewise Cox proportional hazards model was applied on both sides of the inflection point. We used subgroup analyses and interaction tests to further investigate the association between VAI and mortality in different populations. Additionally, time-dependent Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to evaluate the capability of VAI in forecasting survival.

Results

During a median follow-up period of 74 months, 251 deaths from all causes and 50 cardiovascular-related deaths were recorded. RCS analyses did not find a nonlinear correlation between VAI and all-cause mortality (P for overall = 0.0006, P for nonlinear = 0.9927) but showed a nonlinear correlation with cardiovascular mortality (P for overall = 0.0010, P for nonlinear = 0.0062). For cardiovascular mortality, when VAI was below the threshold value (2.49), a significant positive association was observed with cardiovascular mortality. When VAI was below 2.49, the risk of cardiovascular mortality increased by 122 percent for each unit increase in VAI (HR=2.22, 95% CI:1.36-3.61). For VAI ≥ 2.49, changes in VAI did not significantly impact cardiovascular mortality risk. In subgroup analyses, the stratified results remained consistent, with no significant interactions observed in any of the subgroups (all P for interaction> 0.05). Furthermore, the areas under the curve (AUC) for 2-, 5-, and 10-year survival rates were 0.82, 0.80, and 0.79 for all-cause mortality and 0.86, 0.86, and 0.82 for cardiovascular mortality, respectively.

Conclusion

VAI was found to have a positive association with all-cause mortality and a nonlinear association with cardiovascular mortality in the non-elderly adults, with a threshold value of 2.49 for cardiovascular mortality.
Invasive shrub (Lantana camara L.) alters the tree diversity and ecosystem-level carbon pools in tropical forests of Central India
Authors: Lone Parvaiz Ahmad , Kothandaraman Subashree , Dar Javid Ahmad , Hakeem Khalid Rehman , Khan Mohammed Latif
Published: February 2025

Tropical forests, known for their biodiversity and carbon (C) richness, face significant threats from biological invasions that disrupt structural and functional processes. Lantana camara (Family: Verbenaceae) is an invasive shrub that has spread across several Indian landscapes. The present study aimed to assess the changes in tree species richness and total ecosystem carbon (TEC) storage in Lantana camara-invaded (LI) and uninvaded (UI) sites in the tropical dry deciduous forests of Madhya Pradesh, India. Significantly lower species richness (SR), C storage of juveniles, total trees, and total biomass C were observed in LI sites than in UI sites. However, significantly higher C storage of shrubs + herbs (understorey), litter, and soil organic carbon (SOC) were found in LI sites than in UI sites. The percent allocation of C in tree juveniles, adults, understorey, detritus, and SOC to the TEC pool was 2.6, 39.1, 1.4, 5.5, and 51.3 in LI sites and 3.8, 49.7, 0.2, 4.0 and 42.3 in UI sites, respectively. The C stocks of tree juveniles, adults, and herbs were lower by 23.3, 15.7 and 20.3%, respectively, in LI sites than in UI sites, whereas shrub, detritus, and SOC stocks were higher by 95.1, 9.1 and 7.9%, respectively, in LI sites than in UI sites. A significant negative relationship was observed between L. camara density and SR, tree juvenile C, herb C, understorey C, and total ecosystem C storage, while the same had a significant positive relationship with shrub C, litter C, and SOC. The present findings revealed that the plant diversity and total C pools were altered by shrub invasion and have important implications for their quantification in these tropical forests.
The function of T cells in immune thrombocytopenia
Authors: Bu Siyuan , Liu Min , Yang Lu , Lee Pamela , Miller Heather , Park Chan-Sik , Byazrova Maria , Filatov Alexander , Benlagha Kamel , Gaber Timo , Buttgereit Frank , Gong Quan , Zhai Zhimin , Liu Chaohong
Published: February 2025

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune disease, characterized by increased bleeding due to a reduced platelet count. The pathogenesis of ITP is very complex and involves autoantibody production and T-cell-mediated immune abnormalities. An imbalance of effector and regulatory CD4+ T cells and the breach of tolerance primarily cause ITP, leading to the dysfunctional development of autoreactive Th cells (including Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells) and Tregs. The loss of auto-platelet antigen tolerance in ITP results in autoantibody- and cytotoxic T-cell-mediated platelet clearance. T-cell-related genetic risk factors significantly influence the development and progression of this disease. New therapies targeting T cells have emerged as potentially effective cures for this disease. This review summarizes the role of T cells in ITP.
Cold-induced anaphylaxis: new insights into clinical and genetic characteristics
Authors: Bizjak Mojca , Korošec Peter , Košnik Mitja , Šelb Julij , Bidovec-Stojkovič Urška , Svetina Manca , Zver Samo , Dinevski Dejan , Rijavec Matija
Published: February 2025

Introduction

The pathogenesis of cold urticaria (ColdU) and cold-induced anaphylaxis (ColdA) remains poorly understood, and ColdA is underrepresented in anaphylaxis literature. Laboratory features to guide management are largely unknown. This study evaluated basal serum tryptase (BST) and total immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels in ColdU and ColdA, their associations with clinical features, and the utility of testing for the KIT p.D816V variant in blood leukocytes and hereditary α-tryptasemia (HαT).

Methods

Ninety-two adults with ColdU were enrolled. ColdA was defined as a reaction involving skin and/or visible mucosal tissue with cardiovascular, respiratory, or gastrointestinal manifestations. Evaluations included patient history, standard cold stimulation testing (sCST) using an ice cube and TempTest®, and laboratory tests.

Results

ColdA was diagnosed in 35.9% of patients. ColdU phenotypes based on sCST included typical ColdU (52.2%), localized cold-reflex urticaria (5.4%), and ColdU with negative sCST (42.4%). Negative sCST, compared to typical ColdU, was associated with fewer ColdA cases (p = 0.004) but more spontaneous wheals (p < 0.001). ColdA patients more frequently exhibited generalized wheals (p = 0.047), skin angioedema (p = 0.007), oropharyngeal/laryngeal manifestations (p < 0.001), and itchy earlobes (p = 0.002) than non-ColdA patients. Elevated BST levels (>11.4 ng/mL) in 9.8% of patients were attributed to KIT p.D816V and/or HαT. KIT p.D816V was detected in 6.6% of ColdU and 6.3% of ColdA patients. HαT prevalence was higher in ColdU (10.9%) and ColdA (15.2%) than the general population (estimated at 5.7%; p = 0.041 and p = 0.038). Total IgE levels were significantly higher in ColdA than non-ColdA (p = 0.021).

Discussion

This study confirmed clinical features linked to ColdA previously identified by the multicenter COLD-CE study, including generalized wheals, skin angioedema, oropharyngeal/laryngeal manifestations, and itchy earlobes. We identified new high-risk features. ColdA is more frequently associated with typical ColdU than with ColdU with negative sCST, the latter being linked to spontaneous wheals. ColdA is additionally associated with higher total IgE levels. Furthermore, patients with ColdU and ColdA exhibit higher prevalence of KIT p.D816V and HαT compared to general population data, a finding not previously reported. Further research is needed to explore their clinical implications.
The role of the esophageal and intestinal microbiome in gastroesophageal reflux disease: past, present, and future
Authors: Guan Yipan , Cheng Hongjie , Zhang Naiwei , Cai Yanmei , Zhang Qiaoyan , Jiang Xianyang , Wang Ao , Zeng Haixia , Jia Boyi
Published: February 2025

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the common diseases of the digestive system, and its incidence is increasing year by year, in addition to its typical symptoms of acid reflux and heartburn affecting the quality of patients’ survival. The pathogenesis of GERD has not yet been clarified. With the development of detection technology, microbiome have been studied in depth. Normal microbiome are symbiotic with the host and can assist the host to fulfill the roles of digestion and absorption, and promote the development of the host. Dysbiosis of the microbiome forms a new internal environment, under which it may affect the development of GERD from the perspectives of molecular mechanisms: microbial activation of Toll-like receptors, microbial stimulation of cyclooxygenase-2 expression, microbial stimulation of inducible nitrous oxide synthase, and activation of the NLRP3 inflammatory vesicle; immune mechanisms; and impact on the dynamics of the lower gastrointestinal tract. This review will explore the esophageal microbiome and intestinal microbiome characteristics of GERD and the mechanisms by which dysbiotic microbiome induces GERD.