bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Sitotoksisitas Ekstrak Kayu Beta-Beta (Lunasia amara) pada Sel Kanker Payudara T47D
Authors: Hasnaeni Hasnaeni , Emelda A.
Published: October 2023

Penyakit kanker merupakan masalah kesehatan yang utama di dunia, baik di negara maju maupun di negara berkembang. Kanker menjadi penyebab kematian yang tinggi dan masalah ekonomi. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan untuk penanganan kanker, namun angka kesakitan dan kematian masih tetap tinggi. Penggunaan obat sintetik dan kemoterapi sering tidak selektif. Bahan anti kanker tidak hanya menyerang sel kanker tetapi juga sel normal sehingga menimbulkan efek samping yang serius (Sausville and Longo, 2005). Hal ini mendorong untuk menemukan obat anti kanker yang lebih selektif dan sensitif. Salah satu strategi yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi keadaan tersebut adalah dengan eksplorasi terhadap tanaman yang berpotensi sebagai anti kanker. Kayu beta-beta (Lunasia amara) berpotensi sebagai anti kanker karena mengandung senyawa aktif dan efek antioksidan yang tinggi. Oksigen aktif dan radikal bebas berhubungan dengan beberapa kasus secara fisiologi dan patologis seperti kanker, peradangan, kekebalan, penuaan, mutagenik dan karsinogenik. Metode ekstraksi yang digunakan yaitu metode maserasi dan pengeringan ekstrak dengan rotary eveporator. Pada penelitian akan di lakukan kajian sitotoksisitas dari ekstrak kayu beta-beta dengan menggunakan sel kanker payudara T47D, untuk pengembangan penggunaan tanaman ini sebagai kandidat obat baru untuk kanker. Ekstrak etanol  sebagai sampel uji  diarahkan untuk pengujian yang berkelanjutan dari tanaman kayu beta-beta
Potensi Ekstrak Bunga Telang (Clitoria ternatea Linn) sebagai Pewarna pada Produk Tape Ketan
Authors: Palimbong Sarlina , Pariama Arlissha Sharon
Published: October 2023

Telang flower or Clitoria ternatea L is a kind of legume that is vines and easily planted and has the potential as a source of antioxidants. The blue substance contained in telang flowers has high anthocyanin content. Anthocyanin can be useful for health and in the world of food. This study was conducted to determine the potential of telang flower extract as a colorant on tape. Telang flowers are extracted by maceration method using citric acid with variations concentration 0, 0,25, 0,50, 0,75 and 1%. After extracting, each extract of telang flowers was tested for antioxidants by the DPPH method (1.1 diphenyl-2-picrihydazyl) and was applied as a coloring agent on tape products. IC50 value of telang flower extract before being applied was 53.61 ppm which is included in the category of having strong antioxidants, whereas after being applied to coloring on tape the IC50 value was 142.8 ppm which was included in the category of moderate antioxidant content. Organoleptic test results on 50 untrained panelists showed that in the color aspect the panelists tended to prefer coloring from a concentration of 1%, while in the aspect of aroma, taste, and texture the panelists tended to be neutral.
Pengaruh Penambahan Bonggol Nanas Pada Susu Kacang Hijau
Authors: Auliya Anisa , Kartika Ardia Tita , Eftiwin Lydea , Istiana Istiana , Sopiah Sopiah , Latipah Nurlia
Published: October 2023

The present study utilizes pineapple weevil waste with the aim of testing the durability and flavor of the formulation between pineapple weevil milk bean. Pineapple cob which is one of the abundant waste in Indonesia and has not been used optimally turns out to have nutritional content and bromelain compounds that have many benefits for health, not only that pineapple hump is also useful for preventing cancer and sinusitis. The combination of pineapple green beans in milk making is one of the efforts to improve nutrition in it. In general, this study aims to determine the durability of shelf life and the taste of pineapple (sunggoku) green bean hump milk. This research consisted of two methods, namely an experiment to test the storability of milk and a survey with 28 testers for milk taste.
Post Tonsillectomy Pain Relief: Comparative Study between Peritonsillar Infiltration of Bupivicain and Intramuscular Diclofenac
Authors: Ahmed Saleh Anas
Published: October 2023

Hospital based study carried out on (40) patients from both sexes, aged (4-26) years,underwent Tonsillectomy by dissection method during the period extend from (June2012 to September 2012). The Patients were divided into two groups- Group A (18)patients: include those with pre-incisional – infiltration of bupivicain with subsequent(spray) post operatively on Tonsils bed at evening and next morning. Group B (22)patients: include those patients with diclofenac intramuscular injection, half hourbefore operation with subsequent doses at evening and next morning. (Result): nodifference in history of post- operative nausea and vomiting regarding the two groups.The mean operative time for group (A) was (28.9) minutes, while the mean operativetime for group (B) was (29.5) minutes. Both groups showed no difference regardingreactionary bleeding (bleeding occurs within 24 hours) or secondary bleeding(Bleeding occurs after 6-8 days due to infection). Group (A) showed low score of painin immediate post-operative time but it was not significant, while group (B) showedlow score of pain in most of the cases at evening, it was significant. No difference inboth groups in the next morning both showed low score of pain. Conclusion:intramuscular diclofenac is more potent as pain relief if compare with Bupivicaininfiltration. Aim of study: To identify the effect of infiltration of bupivicain for posttonsillectomy pain-relief and in compare to intramuscular injection of diclofenac.
Direct-Homogenization-Based Plate Models of Integrated Thermal Protection System for Reusable Launch Vehicles
Authors: Khan Nazim , Chakraborty Pritam
Published: October 2023

Integrated thermal protection systems of reusable launch vehicles (RLVs) can have a corrugated core sandwich structure and experience location-dependent thickness-wise temperature gradient. The sandwich structure can be optimized depending on the location on RLV using finite element method simulations of RLV components. However, such analysis can be computationally challenging due to the disparate length scales between the RLV components and features of the sandwich structure. Two different equivalent plate models based on first-order shear and normal deformation theory, and first-order shear and second-order normal deformation theory (FSSNDT) have been utilized in this work to address this drawback. A direct homogenization technique involving unit cell and cantilever beam analysis has been developed to calibrate the equivalent plate properties for different thickness-wise temperature variations. The accuracy of the plate models has been evaluated by comparing their responses with a full-scale model for different thickness-wise temperature gradients and a uniform pressure. The comparisons clearly indicate that the FSSNDT-based plate model calibrated via direct homogenization captures both the displacements and strains in the in-plane and transverse directions accurately, and can be used to perform RLV component analysis efficiently to obtain location-specific optimal design of corrugated core sandwich structures.
Diagnóstico psiquiátrico, essencialismo e barbárie: considerações a partir da fenomenologia da vida
Authors: Oliveira Stephan Malta
Published: October 2023

O objetivo do presente artigo consiste em utilizar a noção de barbárie, encontrada em Michel Henry, aplicando-a à psiquiatria, mais especificamente aos efeitos dos diagnósticos psiquiátricos sobre os indivíduos categorizados. Busca-se ainda discutir as funções essencialista e pragmática do diagnóstico na psiquiatria e sua relação com os fenômenos da vida e da subjetividade. Utiliza-se como metodologia a revisão não-sistemática da literatura, por meio da qual foram selecionados textos da fenomenologia da vida, de Henry, com ênfase ao livro A barbárie, e textos voltados a uma análise crítica acerca dos diagnósticos psiquiátricos e de seus efeitos nos processos de subjetivação. Os resultados mostraram que o diagnóstico psiquiátrico, ao enfatizar os aspectos objetivos dos transtornos mentais - os quais remeteriam a supostas disfunções cerebrais que, numa visão essencialista, corresponderiam à própria essência do indivíduo categorizado – e negligenciar/aplacar a dimensão da afetividade/subjetividade, tal qual a ciência moderna, aniquila a própria vida, no que se poderia denominar barbárie psiquiátrica. Por outro lado, quando este é tomado apenas em sua função pragmática, enquanto dispositivo político e tendo o pathos como o legítimo objeto do campo psiquiátrico, se coloca a favor da vida, do sujeito em sua singularidade, do humano.
Modalidade, funções proposicionais e aprendizado lógico: um olhar histórico sobre o conflito entre Kripke e Frege-Russell no prefácio de Naming and Necessity
Authors: Vollet Lucas Ribeiro
Published: October 2023

Argumentamos que as vantagens técnicas da rigidez não são o fator mais importante na aceitação da tese de Kripke contra Frege-Russell (sense-wide-scope). A tese filosófica de Kripke está muito distante da de Frege-Russell no sentido de que o primeiro avalia a função da "identidade" de uma maneira diferente - metafísica - do que o último. Neste artigo, argumentamos que a discussão pode evoluir por um caminho diferente: avaliando e avaliando a divergência entre diferentes concepções de conhecimento contrafactual, e estudando os motivos e preços que pareciam razoáveis a Russell-Frege para lidar com o problema modal sem expandir o universo extensional da lógica clássica. Em particular, consideraremos os méritos da opção russelliana, entendida como uma teoria do conhecimento lógico das várias maneiras pelas quais uma proposição pode ser falsa, dependendo de como analisamos a anti-extensão da proposição usando funções proposicionais. Os predicados modais podem ser entendidos essencialmente dentro das estruturas de modelos de verdade falíveis, encontrando uma interpretação extensional para cenários contrafactuais e identidades complexas extensionalizantes. Isso fornece uma compreensão não metafísica do que acontece quando alguém aprende algo logicamente sobre modalidade e contrafactualidade.
Use of patient sample for quality control of hematology analyzers: Is it a feasible option in resource-poor setting?
Authors: Kahar Manoj A.
Published: October 2023

Objectives:

The operation of hematology analyzers (HAs) is assured by quality control (QC) procedures. For internal QC, the use of stable hematology control material is recommended; however, its use has various limitations such as prohibitive cost, limited shelf life, and logistics. The aims of this study were to determine the utility and efficacy of patient samples in regular QC and HAs.

Material and Methods:

The patient’s samples were used for duplicate testing, comparability testing, and replicate testing along with X̅B monitoring to determine the performance of primary HA MEK 1900.

Results:

Paired t-test and correlation results in duplicate test and Scatter plot, Bland–Altman plot, and Passing– Bablok regression results derived from comparability studies revealed acceptable results as per recommendations. In replicate testing, acceptable coefficients of variation were obtained for hemoglobin (Hb) (1.6%), platelet count (4.9%), red blood cell (RBC) count (1.1%), and white blood cell (WBC) count (1.9%).

Discussion:

In duplicate sample testing paired t-test revealed P > 0.05. In 97% of samples, the standard deviation (SD) was <±2SD for duplicate testing for Hb, platelet count, RBC count, and WBC count. In comparability testing, for Hb, platelet count, RBC count, and WBC count, the correlation coefficient values were close to 1 and comparable to similar published studies. Results for repeatability studies in our study are within acceptable limits as per recommendations. X̅B monitoring revealed results acceptable within the prescribed limits by the manufacturer. The experiments done and results obtained in our study favor the use of patient samples to perform IQC for HA; however, it does not replace the use of stable commercial quality control material.

Conclusion:

In small-scale laboratories in resource-poor settings, patient samples can be of some use in QC of HA.
Synthesis and Characterization of Cobalt- Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles via Microwave assisted Polyol Method
Authors: Viju Kumar V.G. , Sreeshma P. , Vidya V.G.
Published: October 2023

This work involves the synthesis of cobalt zinc oxide nanoparticles using a simple green method and their characterization using various techniques. Green synthesis is carried out using polyol medium and microwave heating. Polyol medium minimizes the use of chemicals while microwaves provided an energy efficient method for heating. Ethylene glycol is used as solvent along with polyvinylpyrrolidone and hydrazinium hydroxide. Domestic microwave oven is used as source for microwaves. Nanoparticles collected after washing are calcined at three different temperatures: 773 K, 973K, 1173 K. They are characterized by using IR spectroscopy, X ray Diffraction, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy and Transmission Electron Microscopy. EDS study confirmed composition and empirical formula of the samples calcined at different temperatures. XRD data included peaks for zinc oxide and cobalt oxide at characteristic 2θ values and calculated crystallite size as 32.07 nm at 773 K, 40.33nm at 973K and 56.42 at 1173 K. IR studies confirmed the formation of Zn-O, Co-O bonds and TEM images confirmed homogeneous size distribution. These nanoparticles are suitable for catalytic and antibacterial applications.
Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of Retama raetam (forssk) Leaves
Authors: Ghamiaa Abir , Oshah Zainab , Al Shak Asra , Elhefian Esam
Published: October 2023

Retama raetam is widespread in North Africa and considered to be a medicinal plant in folk treatment besides its importance as feed for livestock. It has been used as herbal remedy for healing several ailments like diarrhea, skin rash, sore throat, rheumatism, fever and injury sterilization. This study was conducted to estimate the medicinal and nutritional values of R. reatam plant by determining some essential contents, minerals, vitamin C and preliminary phytochemical compounds in its leaves. The primary analysis showed that the pH value of water extract was 7.18 ± 0.03 while the percentages of essential contents in leaves were 50.83 ± 1.04 crude fiber, 12.33 ± 0.76 crud lipids, 6.02 ± 0.01 crude protein, 5.00 ± 0.00 total ash content, 10.00 ± 0.00 ash soluble in water, 5.00 ± 0.00 ash insoluble in acid and 19.67 ± 0.58 moisture content. Primary tests of the crude aqueous extract revealed the presence of tannins , saponines, alkaloids flavonoids, glycosides, resins, terpenoids and steroids, while the ethanolic extract showed positive results for tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, terpenoids and steroids, but negative results for saponines and resins. The percentages of phytochemical compounds in the air dried leaves powder were 5.67 ± 0.58 tannins, 10.42 ± 0.72 saponines, 8.33 ± 0.76 alkaloids and 9.80 ± 1.13 flavonoids. The amounts of minerals and vitamins (mg/100) that were determined in the R. raetam dried leaves powder were 333.75 ± 1.77 potassium, 501.25 ± 1.77 sodium, 235.50 ± 6.36 magnesium, 500.00 ± 0.00 calcium and 35.33 ± 0.29 vitamin C. The obtained results prove the traditional medicinal use of R. raetam in North and East Mediterranean regions. In addition, knowing the amounts of the essential components and bioactive compounds may help in the preparation of the exact dosages for the treatment of diseases or for livestock feeding.
evaluation of the impact of demographic heterogeneity in the environment on the management of territorial educational systems
Authors: Zair-Bek E. S. , Savvinov V. M.
Published: October 2023

The article presents an analysis of the adaptation of mechanisms for managing the development of territorial systems to changes in the external environment. Based on the study of changes in the network of educational organizations, the number and ethnic composition of students, projects and programs for the development of education in Yakutsk city, the characteristics of institutional changes in the educational system aimed at the development of human capital are given. The framework of the analysis is set by the transformation of the role of education management in the conditions of growing demographic heterogeneity. The transition to adaptive management of educational development based on taking into account the features of the educational landscape and the changes in the external environment is shown.
THE DOORS OF THE SUZDAL CATHEDRAL. ICONOGRAPHIC PARALLELS
Authors: Чернецов А.В.
Published: October 2023

Золоченые двери собора Рождества Богородицы в Суздале – эталонный памятник древнерусского художественного ремесла. Объектом сопоставлений для западных дверей собора являются Новгородские двери 1336 г., созданные для собора Св. Софии. Стилистика последних свидетельствует об упадке традиций художественного ремесла и снижении требований элиты общества к его продукции. Подобная трансформация явилась следствием монгольского нашествия и ордынского ига. Основные композиции на дверях XVI в. отличаются от сюжетов Суздальских дверей; в некоторых случаях их тематика совпадает. Трактовка эпизодов на дверях XIII и XVI вв. демонстрирует кардинальные различия. Мастера XVI в. уделяют большее внимание частностям, вводят дополнения, не обусловленные текстом Библии, заимствованные из вторичных христианских толкований в богословских трудах, молитвенном обиходе и гимнографии. Сравнительный анализ позволяет решать вопросы о роли Суздальских дверей в дальнейшем развитии древнерусского художественного ремесла; их воздействии на позднейшие памятники, эволюции стиля и иконографии.

The guilt doors of the Cathedral of the Nativity of the Theotokos in Suzdal is a landmark of Medieval Rus artistic craftwork. The western doors of the cathedral are compared with the Novgorod doors of 1336 created for the St. Sophia Cathedral in Velikiy Novgorod. The stylistics of the latter demonstrate decline in the traditions of artistic craftwork and lower requirements of the societal elite to its production. Such transformation was the result of the Mongol invasion and the Horde yoke. Main narrative scenes on the cathedral doors of the 16th century are different from the scenes on the Suzdal doors; in some cases, their narratives coincide. The interpretation of the religious scenes on the doors of the 13th and the 16th centuries demonstrates cardinal differences. The artisans of the 16th century pay more attention to details, introduce additions that are not based on the text of the Bible and were borrowed from secondary Christian interpretations in theological books, prayer practice and hymnography. The comparative analysis offers an opportunity to address the issues relating to the role of the Suzdal doors in subsequent development of Medieval Rus craftwork, the impact on later works of art, evolution of the style and iconography.
THE MOSCOW UNIT OF THE RAIMK AND THE PROJECT ON THE MUSEUM OF THE HISTORY OF MATERIAL CULTURE
Authors: Ананьев В.Г. , Бухарин М.Д.
Published: October 2023

В Российской академии истории материальной культуры (РАИМК) в 1919‒1921 гг. активно обсуждался проект создания центрального музея истории материальной культуры. Эти обсуждения продолжили споры вокруг создания археологического музея, начатые еще до Октября 1917 г. В обсуждении проекта центрального музея истории материальной культуры активное участие принимала Московская секция РАИМК. Подход петроградской РАИМК и ее Московской секции к созданию нового музея разнился принципиально. Важнейшим пунктом расхождений явились отношения академического сообщества и государственной власти, связи с которой у Московской секции РАИМК были значительно теснее, чем у петроградской РАИМК. Эти расхождения явились одной из причин того, что проект создания центрального музея истории материальной культуры так и не был воплощен, оставшись памятником музееведческой мысли первых послереволюционных лет.

In 1919‒1921 the Russian Academy for the History of Material Culture (RAIMK) actively discussed a project of creating the Central Museum of the History of Material Culture. These discussions continued debates on the creation of an archaeological museum that had started before the October of 1917. The Moscow Unit of the RAIMK was actively involved in the discussions of the project intended to set up the Central Museum of the History of Material Culture. There was a fundamental difference in approaches used by the Petrograd RAIMK and its Moscow unit. The main point of disagreement dealt with relations between the academic community and the state authorities, with the RAIMK Moscow unit having closer relationship with the government agencies. This difference was one of the reasons why the project of creating the Central Museum of the History of Material Culture was never accomplished and remained just a record of museological thoughts of the first post-revolutionary years.
HOUSES AT THE SETTLEMENTS OF THE NORTHWESTERN CRIMEA IN THE SECOND QUARTER OF THE 1st – EARLY 2nd CENTURIES AD
Authors: Антонов Е.Е.
Published: October 2023

Задача статьи – выделить основные планировочные схемы позднескифских домов, которые строились в Северо-Западном Крыму во второй четверти I – начале II в. н. э. Таких разновидностей три. Первая из них – П-образной планировочной схемы – это дом I Калос Лимена (рис. 2). Он показывает преемственность строительных традиций. Две другие разновидности домов ранее в позднескифском Северо-Западном Крыму не встречались. Для первой из них – «Тарпанчи» – характерно расположение помещений в два ряда вдоль одной из сторон двора (рис. 1, Тар; рис. 3, КЛ-II, КЛ-III). Еще одна разновидность выделена условно: это дома плохой сохранности, выделяющиеся одним или несколькими крупными, вытянутыми помещениями (рис. 1, КТ-7; рис. 4, ЮД-Б (Р. I), КЛ-V, КЛ-VI). Отдельные элементы схемы «Тарпанчи» проявлялись в планировках более ранних жилищ Северо-Запад ного Крыма, но нельзя исключать и ее заимствование: появление схемы совпадает с другими «новшествами» в материальной культуре Крымской Скифии. Их связывают с появлением сармат и боспорским влиянием.

The intention of this paper is to identify layout plans of Late Scythian houses which were built in the northwestern Crimea in the second quarter of the 1st – early 2 nd centuries AD. There are three variants of such layout plans. The first plan, which is U-shaped, was used in house I in Kalos Limen (Fig. 2). It shows continuity of construction traditions. The two other variants of the houses have not been found in the Late Scythian northwestern Crimea before. The first of these variants known as Tarpanchi is characterized by location of rooms in two rows along one of the sides of the court (Fig. 1, Tar; Fig. 3. KL-II, KL-III). One more variant has been singled out for the purpose of discus sion, these are poorly preserved houses characterized by one or several large elongated rooms (Fig. 1, KT-7; Fig. 4. YuD-B (P. I), KL-V, KL-VI). Some elements of the Tarpanchi layout plan were used in the plans of earlier dwellings in the northwestern Crimea; however, its borrowing cannot be excluded as the appearance of this plan coincides with other novelties in the material culture of Crimean Scythia. These novelties are linked to arrival of the Sarmatians and Bosporus influence.
Oxygen Sensitivity of [FeFe]-Hydrogenase: A Comparative Study of Active Site Mimics Inside vs Outside the Enzyme
Authors: Yadav Shanika , Haas Rieke , Boydas Esma Birsen , Römelt Michael , Happe Thomas , Apfel Ulf-Peter , Stripp Sven
Published: October 2023

[FeFe]-hydrogenase is nature’s most efficient proton reducing and H2 oxidizing enzyme. However, biotechnological applications are hampered by the pronounced O2 sensitivity of this metalloenzyme, and the mechanism of aerobic deactivation is poorly understood. Here, we explore the oxygen reactivi-ty of four mimics of the organometallic active site cofactor of [FeFe]-hydrogenase, [Fe2(adt)(CO)6-x(CN)x]x– and [Fe2(pdt)(CO)6-x(CN)x]x– (x = 1, 2) as well as the corresponding cofactor variants of the enzyme by means of molecular spectroscopy. Additionally, we describe a straightforward and scalable synthetic recipe for the active site precursor complex Fe2(adt)(CO)6. Our data indicate that the amino-dithiolate (adt) complex, which is the synthetic precursor of the natural active site cofactor, is most oxygen sensitive. This observation highlights the significance of proton transfer in aerobic degradation and facilitates the identification of the responsible reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, we show that the ligand environment of the iron ions critically influences the reactivity with O2 and ROS as the oxygen sensitivity increases with the exchange of ligands from CO to CN–. In summary, our results shine light on the chemistry of oxygen-induced deactivation of [FeFe]-hydrogenase. The trends in aer-obic deactivation observed for the model complexes are in line with the respective enzyme variants. This similarity underscores the relevance of model systems in understanding the enzyme and validates their potential as important tools for elucidating the chemistry of oxygen-induced deactivation of [FeFe]-hydrogenase and hydrogen turnover.
Anion-Rocking Chair Batteries with Tuneable Voltage using Viologen- and Phenothiazine Polymer-based Electrodes
Authors: Bhosale Manik , Schmidt Caroline , Penert Philipp , Studer Gauthier , Esser Birgit
Published: October 2023

Organic battery electrode materials offer the unique opportunity for full cells to operate in an anionrocking chair mode. For this configuration a pair of p-type redox-active electrode materials is required with a substantial potential gap between their redox processes. We herein investigate viologenfunctionalized polystyrenes as negative electrode paired with a phenothiazine polymer as positive electrode in all-organic full cells. The 10% crosslinked viologen polymer X10-PVBV gave better performance than the linear PVBV and was employed in a full cell as negative electrode with crosslinked poly(3-vinyl-N-methylphenothiazine) (X-PVMPT) as positive electrode. Three cell configurations regarding the voltage range were investigated, of which one with an operating potential of 0.9 V gave the highest performance. The full cell delivered a specific discharge capacity of 64 mA h g−1 (of X-PVMPT) in the first cycle and a capacity retention of 79% after 100 cycles. This is one of only few reported anion rocking chair all-organic cells and the first employing a phenothiazine-based positive electrode material.
Effect of ligand and shell densities on surface structure of core-shell nanoparticles self-assembled from function-spacer-lipid constructs
Authors: Vaskan Ivan , Dimitreva Veronika , Petoukhov Maxim , Shtykova Eleonora , Bovin Nicolai , Tuzikov Alexander , Tretyak Marina , Oleinikov Vladimir , Zalygin Anton
Published: October 2023

Biomolecular corona is the major obstacle in clinical translation of nanomedicines. To overcome this problem, comprehensive studies of the processes leading to the formation of a biomolecular corona are required. Since such dynamical studies require high spatial and temporal resolution, nanoparticles utilized in it should enable combined experimental and simulation studies. Interactions at nano-bio interface are defined by nanoparticle surface properties such as topography, charge and surface chemistry. Hence, as the preliminary step towards deep understanding of the processes of corona formation it is necessary to develop nanoparticles employing various biocompatible materials and characterize their surface properties. In this work, we applied molecular dynamics simulation to study surface structure of organic core-shell nanoparticles formed by self-assembly of synthetic molecules composed of DOPE lipid, carboxymethylglycine spacer and biotin. Lipid moieties form the hydrophobic core, spacer motifs serve as a hydrophilic shell and biotin residues function as targeting ligand. By mixing such function-spacer-lipid, spacer-lipid and lipid-only constructs at various molar ratios, densities of the ligand and spacer on nanoparticle surface were modified. For convenient analysis of the structure and dynamics of all regions of nanoparticles’ surface, we compiled topography maps based on atomic coordinates. It was shown that an increase in the density of the shell does not reduce exposure of the core, but increases shell average thickness. Biotin, due to its alkyl valeric acid chain and spacer flexibility, is localized primarily near the hydrophobic core and its partial presentation on the surface occurs only in nanoparticles with higher ligand densities. However, an increase in biotin density leads to its clustering. In turn, ligand clustering diminishes stealth properties of the shell and targeting efficiency. Based on nanoparticle surface structures we determined the optimal density of biotin. Experimental studies reported in the literature confirm these conclusions. We also suggest design tips to achieve preferred biotin presentation. Simulation results are consistent with the synchrotron SAXS profile. We believe that such studies will contribute to the better understanding of nano-bio interactions towards the rational design of efficient drug delivery systems.
Soluble Thiabendazolium Salts with Anthelminthic Properties
Authors: Aeindartehran Lida , Lefton Jonathan , Burleson Jewel , Unruh Daniel , Runcevski Tomce
Published: October 2023

Thiabendazole is an anthelmintic drug used to treat strongyloidiasis (threadworm), cutaneous and visceral larva migrans, trichinosis, and other parasites. The active pharmaceutical ingredient is typically administered orally as tablets that should be chewed before swallowing. Current formulations combine the active ingredient with excipients, including sodium saccharinate as a sweetener. Thiabendazole’s low aqueous solubility hinders fast dissolution and absorption through the mucous membranes. We sought to reformulate this medicine to improve both solubility and palatability. We utilized the possibility of protonation of the azole nitrogen atom and selected four different hydrogen donors: saccharin, fumaric, maleic, and oxalic acids. Solvothermal syn-thesis resulted in salts with each co-former, whereas neat and liquid-assisted grinding enabled the synthesis of additional formulations. Product formation was observed by powder X-ray diffraction. To better understand the structural basis of the proton transfer, we solved the crystal structures of the salts with saccharin, maleic acid, and oxalic acid using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The structure of the salt with fumaric acid was solved by powder X-ray diffraction. We further characterized the salts with vibrational spectroscopic and thermoanalytical methods. We report a broad tunability of the aqueous solubility of thiabendazole by salt formation. Reformulation with maleic acid provided a 60-fold increase in solubility, while saccharin and oxalic acid gave a modest improvement. Fumaric acid resulted in a solid with only slightly higher solubility. Fur-thermore, saccharin is a sweetener, while the acids taste sour. Therefore, the salts formed also result in an in-trinsic improvement of palatability. These results can inform new strategies for oral and chewable tablet for-mulations for treating helminthic infections.
Unraveling the Intricacies of Surface Salt Formation on Mg(0001): Implications for Chloride-Ion Batteries
Authors: Sarkar Kanchan , Hübner Darius , Stottmeister Daniel , Gross Axel
Published: October 2023

We present a density functional theory study of the initial steps of chlorine deposition on the Mg(0001) surface. Such processes occur in chloride-ion batteries in which lithium and magnesium are used as anode materials. In addition, it is also of fundamental interest, as halide adsorption on metal electrodes is an important process in interfacial electrochemistry. We discuss the adsorption properties and determine the stable adsorption structures, both with respect to the free chlorine molecule but also as a function of the electrode potential. We find indications of the immediate formation of the MgCl2 surface salt structure upon exposure of Cl to a Mg surface. These findings are discussed with respect to the conversion of the Mg anode to a MgCl2 configuration which provides the thermodynamical driving force for the discharge of a Cl-ion battery.
Water and Air Stable Copper(I) Complexes of Tetracationic Catenane Ligands for Oxidative C–C Cross-Coupling
Authors: Tang Man Pang , Deng Yulin , Shi Yixiang , Lai Samuel Kin-Man , Pang Xin-Yu , Liu Chunyu , Jiang Wei , Zhu Lihui , Au-Yeung Ho Yu
Published: October 2023

Aqueous soluble and stable Cu(I) molecular catalysts featuring a catenane ligand composed of two mechanically interlocked, cationic macrocycles are reported. The mechanical bond in the catenane ligand not only fine-tunes the coordination sphere and kinetically stabilizes the Cu(I) against air oxidation and disproportionation, but also prevents the dissociation of the otherwise electrostatically repulsive cationic macrocycles which are essential for the good water solubility and sustained reactivity of the catalyst. These catenane Cu(I) complexes are active catalysts for the oxidative C–C coupling of indoles and tetrahydroisoquinolines in water with a good substrate scope. The successful use of the catenane ligands in exploiting Cu(I) for oxidative catalysis under aqueous conditions using H2O2 as a green oxidant thus highlights the many unexplored potential of mechanical bonding as a molecular design element in developing new transition metal catalysts.
Fostering Κ-carrageenan Hydrogels with the Power of Natural Crosslinkers: A Comparison between Tender Coconut Water and Potassium Chloride for Antibacterial Therapy
Authors: Markale Atharva , Mateti Tarun , K. Likhith , Bhatt S. Supriya , K. M. Rajesh , Managuli Vishwanath , Nune Manasa , Raval Ritu , Kumar Pradeep , Thakur Goutam
Published: October 2023

Hydrogels have emerged as a promising solution to combat infections in various biomedical applications by acting as antibacterial drug carriers, but they lack mechanical strength and must be crosslinked before use. Herein, we investigated whether tender coconut water can be used as a natural alternative to KCl to crosslink κ-carrageenan hydrogels for antibacterial therapy. Κ-carrageenan hydrogels crosslinked with tender coconut water, KCl, and their combination were fabricated, and their morphology, chemical bonding, compressive strength, water uptake capacity, degradation resistance, and cytotoxicity were assessed. The results showed that crosslinking with tender coconut water and KCl increased the compressive strength of κ-carrageenan hydrogels by 450%, rendered an excellent water retention capacity, and degraded by just about 5% after 20 days! The scanning electron micrographs show that crosslinking with tender coconut water and KCl compacted the hydrogel morphology with narrow cracks for efficient diffusion, and such were biocompatible when tested against 3T3 cells. The infrared analysis confirmed that diclofenac sodium remained inert when introduced into the hydrogel matrices. Also, the in-vitro release behavior and antibacterial activity of the hydrogels were assessed by loading them with diclofenac sodium nanoemulsified to increase hydrophilicity, in which the release of the hydrogels crosslinked with tender coconut water and KCl was steady and sustained. Such hydrogels also showed a unique antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with the latter much more prominent than the former. These results confirm that crosslinking with tender coconut water and KCl is a superior alternative to KCl for κ-carrageenan hydrogels.
Gobernanza de datos en instituciones prestadoras de salud: mejorando la eficiencia y calidad de la atención médica
Authors: Suárez Zubieta Yerson , Parra Riveros Helien
Published: October 2023

Desde la última década, se ha abordado la importancia del uso de la gobernanza de datos en las instituciones prestadoras de salud con el objetivo de mejorar la eficiencia y calidad en la atención médica a través del conjunto de políticas, procesos y estándares que garanticen la calidad, integridad, privacidad y seguridad de los datos generados y utilizados en las instituciones de salud. En este artículo se presentan resultados del proyecto de investigación “Modelo de gobernanza de datos para la gestión de operaciones en instituciones prestadoras de servicios de salud” en el que se destaca la relevancia de los datos en el sector hospitalario, donde la toma de decisiones basada en datos fiables y de calidad es crucial para el diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento de los pacientes. Además, señala que el volumen y la complejidad de los datos de salud han aumentado exponencialmente en las últimas décadas, debido al uso creciente de la tecnología y al avance de la medicina. El artículo aborda la implementación de estrategias y sistemas de gobernanza de datos en un enfoque de procesos de negocio, resaltando la necesidad de un marco operacional sólido que permita proteger y privacidad de los datos personales de los pacientes, definir roles y responsabilidades claras para la gestión y uso de los datos y establecer procesos de monitoreo y control que aseguren la calidad y seguridad de la información. Se discuten también las principales barreras y desafíos para la implementación de una gobernanza de datos efectiva en instituciones de salud, entre las que destacan la falta de recursos, la resistencia al cambio, la capacitación insuficiente del personal y las limitaciones tecnológicas. Por último, el artículo presenta propuestas de solución y buenas prácticas para superar estos desafíos, incluyendo la creación de equipos multidisciplinarios de gobernanza de datos, el uso de herramientas y tecnologías adecuadas, la promoción de la capacitación y la concienciación del personal, y la colaboración entre instituciones y organismos reguladores para compartir experiencias y conocimientos.
Tablero de control para la gestión de salud pública y fortalecimiento de atención primaria en salud
Authors: Giraldo Vásquez Mario Alejandro , Acevedo González Georffrey , Vargas Gutiérrez Alejandro
Published: October 2023

La atención primaria en salud APS busca garantizar una atención integral y de calidad para toda la población enfocándose en la prevención y atención, para reducir la necesidad de tratamientos complejos y cuidados paliativos. Se basa métodos y tecnologías científicamente comprobadas, confiables y con un alto componente social. Uno de los principales desafíos que se presenta en la APS es la accesibilidad de población vulnerable y el poco desarrollo tecnológico de dispositivos biomédicos empleados en este nivel de atención, que a su vez dificultan la gobernanza, es decir, la toma de decisiones por parte de actores relevantes en políticas de salud pública debido a la calidad o falta de información para gestionar indicadores de salud. En este trabajo se presenta una herramienta tecnológica que facilita la recopilación y visualización de información relevante, presentada como un tablero digital, para el seguimiento de indicadores de salud de un ente territorial, aunque incluye indicadores de otras dependencias que tienen impacto en la calidad de vida y salud de una población. El diseño del tablero se basó en un modelo de participación comunitaria para la Gobernanza de la Salud, en el que los líderes y otros integrantes de una comunidad pueden hacer un seguimiento visual de los indicadores de salud pública. Concentrar la información y categorizar el estado de la gestión de acciones para cada indicador hace parte de un ejercicio democrático y participativo que pone al alcance de comunidades y tomadores de decisiones el estado de los indicadores de salud colectiva. La información se recopila a través de aplicativos que están al alcance de la comunidad, actores relevantes y autorizados en cada ente territorial y dispositivos biomédicos que incluyen internet de las cosas IoT. Los resultados que se presentan se dividen en dos partes: en la primera se discuten los resultados de la implementación de la prueba piloto del tablero en un municipio de nueve mil habitantes, y en la segunda se discute cómo el proceso de desarrollo tecnológico del tablero sirvió como activador pedagógico y agente de motivación en procesos de innovación y emprendimiento para estudiantes de ingeniería mecatrónica al involucrarse en el proceso desde la ideación hasta la validación de una herramienta tecnológica aplicada al sector salud y de gestión pública, y el proceso de colaboración entre una startup de base tecnológica y la universidad.
Análisis de controladores secundarios sintonizados mediante un algoritmo modificado de enjambre de partículas en una microrred aislada
Authors: Rodríguez Laura , Pantoja Bucheli Andrés , Revelo Javier
Published: October 2023

En una microrred aislada existen fenómenos de naturaleza transitoria tales como cambios bruscos en la energía demanda por las cargas, fallas en las fuentes de generación. En consecuencia, se generan altas variaciones en la magnitud de voltaje y frecuencia, además de presentar un aumento de las distorsiones armónicas que afectan la estabilidad del sistema y la calidad de la energía. Por lo anterior, en esta investigación, se propone el análisis de desempeño de dos estructuras de control jerárquicas unificadas para operar convertidores de potencia tipo inversores formadores de red, en una microrred trifásica aislada basada en la red estandarizada IEEE de 13 nodos. Los parámetros de los controladores primarios y secundarios se optimizan mediante una técnica heurística de enjambre de partículas modificada (DEPSO).
An IoT-Sensor with Security Capabilities for acting on a Blockchain architecture-Based Food Traceability System
Authors: González Amarillo Carlos Andrés , Ramírez González Gustavo Adolfo , Corrales Muñoz Juan Carlos , Mendoza Moreno Miguel Ángel
Published: October 2023

A Food Traceability System (FTS) based on Internet of Things (IoT) technology can record process and quality information along the entire production chain. The IoT paradigm allows communication technologies to expand their reach to provide mass access to the safety status of food products. However, this information presented to the consumer needs more credibility and transparency, as no one can guarantee the integrity of the data collected. This fact highlights both the security gaps in the integrity of information in systems of this nature and the vulnerability to security attacks in complex food traceability systems. Implementing Blockchain technology at the sensors' hardware level increases IoT devices' reduced security capabilities. This work proposes a Blockchain-IoT (BIoTS) ecosystem capable of parallel traceability of food products along a supply chain and data recorded in the processes. This system can certify processes and products through the massive involvement of IoT devices immersed in the ecosystem. The designed Blockchain-IoT architecture shows excellent potential from a technological and food safety point of view.
Producción de energía eléctrica a partir de sistemas bioelectroquímicos usando agua y lodo de fuente natural en celdas de combustibles microbianas sedimentarias
Authors: Valle García Aldair , Vergara Vásquez Eliana , González Pabón María Jesús
Published: October 2023

En la actualidad, el uso de combustibles fósiles representa aproximadamente el 86% de la energía producida en el mundo, lo cual tiene un impacto negativo en el medio ambiente y el clima debido a la emisión de Gases de Efecto Invernadero (GEI). Por esta razón, la investigación de energías alternativas sigue siendo relevante. Un ejemplo de estas alternativas son las Celdas de Combustible Microbianas (MFC), que son dispositivos bio-electroquímicos capaces de producir energía, llevar a cabo biorremediación y sintetizar compuestos químicos. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el rendimiento de MFC bajo la configuración de Celdas de Combustible Microbianas Sedimentarias (SMFC) en la generación de energía eléctrica utilizando agua y lodo de una fuente natural. Se tomaron muestras de lodo y agua del lago de la Universidad del Magdalena en Santa Marta, Colombia, y se construyeron SMFC con una capacidad de 500 mL. Para el sistema, se utilizaron electrodos de grafito como ánodo y cátodo. Se realizaron mediciones periódicas de variables eléctricas y fisicoquímicas para evaluar la producción de energía, incluyendo el voltaje en circuito abierto (OCV), curvas de polarización y densidad de potencia, resistencia interna del sistema (RI), oxígeno disuelto (OD) y conductividad eléctrica. Los resultados mostraron que el voltaje promedio de las celdas fue de 653.33 ± 26 mV, la densidad de corriente promedio obtenida fue de 750 ± 173.2 mA/m2 y la densidad de potencia máxima registrada fue de 80 ± 14 mW/m2. En conclusión, se pudo operar exitosamente SMFC utilizando la materia orgánica naturalmente presente en los sedimentos y agua del lago de la Universidad del Magdalena. La producción de energía en las SMFC se debió a la actividad metabólica de bacterias electroactivas presentes en los sedimentos, ya que los valores de OCV y densidad de potencia máxima obtenidos en las SMFC fueron significativamente más altos (9.2 y 30 veces, respectivamente) que en los controles negativos donde se inhibió la actividad metabólica de los microorganismos.