bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Immunological responses following administration of a genotype 1a/1b/2/3a quadrivalent HCV VLP vaccine
Authors: Christiansen D. , Earnest-Silveira L. , Chua B. , Meuleman P. , Boo I. , Grubor-Bauk B. , Jackson D. C. , Keck Z. Y. , Foung S. K. H. , Drummer H. E. , Gowans E. J. , Torresi J.
Published: April 2018

The significant public health problem of Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been partially addressed with the advent of directly acting antiviral agents (DAAs). However, the development of an effective preventative vaccine would have a significant impact on HCV incidence and would represent a major advance towards controlling and possibly eradicating HCV globally. We previously reported a genotype 1a HCV viral-like particle (VLP) vaccine that produced neutralizing antibodies (NAb) and T cell responses to HCV. To advance this approach, we produced a quadrivalent genotype 1a/1b/2a/3a HCV VLP vaccine to produce broader immune responses. We show that this quadrivalent vaccine produces antibody and NAb responses together with strong T and B cell responses in vaccinated mice. Moreover, selective neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies (HuMAbs) targeting conserved antigenic domain B and D epitopes of the E2 protein bound strongly to the HCV VLPs, suggesting that these critical epitopes are expressed on the surface of the particles. Our findings demonstrate that a quadrivalent HCV VLP based vaccine induces broad humoral and cellular immune responses that will be necessary for protection against HCV. Such a vaccine could provide a substantial addition to highly active antiviral drugs in eliminating HCV.
Publisher Correction: AKT-mTOR signaling modulates the dynamics of IRE1 RNAse activity by regulating ER-mitochondria contacts
Authors: Sanchez-Alvarez Miguel , del Pozo Miguel Angel , Bakal Chris
Published: April 2018

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML version of this paper. The error has not been fixed in the paper.
Author Correction: The EphA2 receptor is activated through induction of distinct, ligand-dependent oligomeric structures
Authors: Singh Deo R. , Kanvinde Pranjali , King Christopher , Pasquale Elena B. , Hristova Kalina
Published: April 2018

The original published version of the paper contained labelling errors in Figures 1 and 5. The x-axis of Figure 1e was incorrectly labelled as “Receptors . μm2” instead of “Receptors . μm−2”. The figure key in Figure 5b incorrectly labelled the blue circles as “Wild-type” and the purple circles as “+m-ephrinA1”. The correct labels are blue: “Wild-type+m-ephrinA1” and purple: “Wild-type, no ligand.” The original version also contained a typesetting error in Table 1. The values in the second row, rightmost column, were not all set in bold text as required. The errors do not impact the conclusions in the main text of the paper. These errors have been corrected in the PDF and HTML versions of the paper.
Characterization and optimization of two-chain folding pathways of insulin via native chain assembly
Authors: Arai Kenta , Takei Toshiki , Shinozaki Reina , Noguchi Masato , Fujisawa Shouta , Katayama Hidekazu , Moroder Luis , Ando Setsuko , Okumura Masaki , Inaba Kenji , Hojo Hironobu , Iwaoka Michio
Published: April 2018

Until recently the total synthesis of insulin, with its characteristic heterodimeric structure crosslinked by two interchain and one intrachain disulfide (SS) bridge, remained largely an unsolved challenge. By optimizing the synthesis and directed disulfide crosslinking of the two chains, and by applying biomimetic monocomponent proinsulin approaches, efficient insulin syntheses have been realized. Here we report the optimization and characterisation of an alternative strategy, oxidative native chain assembly. In this method unprotected A- and B-chains assemble oxidatively under thermodynamic control to afford bovine pancreatic insulin in 39% yield. Folding is found to proceed predominantly via structured 1SS* and 2SS* intermediates with a common interchain CysA20‒CysB19 disulfide. These results suggest that native chain assembly, long considered inefficient, may represent a reasonable strategy to access insulin variants. This is supported by the synthesis of human insulin and human type-II relaxin in yields of up to 49 and 47%, respectively, although the application to human insulin ValA16 variant is unsuccessful.
Amperometric sensing and photocatalytic properties under sunlight irradiation of a series of Keggin–AgI compounds through tuning single and mixed ligands
Authors: Tian Aixiang , Liu Jiani , Li Tingting , Tian Yan , Liu Guiying , Ying Jun
Published: April 2018

In this work, we synthesized eight compounds based on Keggin anions and AgI ions by introducing La and Lb.
Carbon-based hybrid nanogels: a synergistic nanoplatform for combined biosensing, bioimaging, and responsive drug delivery
Authors: Wang Hui , Chen Qianwang , Zhou Shuiqin
Published: April 2018

This review summarizes the latest developments and addresses current applications and future perspectives of carbon-based hybrid nanogels in the biomedical field.
Low-valent group 14 element hydride chemistry: towards catalysis
Authors: Hadlington Terrance J. , Driess Matthias , Jones Cameron
Published: April 2018

This review summarises advances in the chemistry of group 14 element(ii) hydride complexes, including their recent introduction as efficient, “transition metal-like” catalysts in organic synthesis.
Two-dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) for biomedical applications
Authors: Huang Kai , Li Zhongjun , Lin Jing , Han Gang , Huang Peng
Published: April 2018

MXenes with an ultrathin structure and fascinating physiochemical (electronic, optical, magnetic, etc.) properties have great potential for biomedical applications, such as biosensors, antibacterial materials, bioimaging probes, therapeutics, and theranostics.
Optimisation of synthesis conditions for UiO-66-CO2H towards scale-up and its vapour sorption properties
Authors: Reinsch Helge , Fröhlich Dominik , Waitschat Steve , Chavan Sachin , Lillerud Karl-Petter , Henninger Stefan , Stock Norbert
Published: April 2018

The zirconium MOF UiO-66-CO2H was obtained under green synthesis conditions and thoroughly characterised, focussing on its vapour sorption properties.
Recent advances in merging photonic crystals and plasmonics for bioanalytical applications
Authors: Liu Bing , Monshat Hosein , Gu Zhongze , Lu Meng , Zhao Xiangwei
Published: April 2018

The integration of photonic crystals and plasmonics enhances the performance of bioanalytical applications.
Highly stable protein immobilizationviamaleimido-thiol chemistry to monitor enzymatic activity
Authors: Schartner Jonas , Güldenhaupt Jörn , Katharina Gaßmeyer Sarah , Rosga Katharina , Kourist Robert , Gerwert Klaus , Kötting Carsten
Published: April 2018

Combining a novel protein immobilisation method with multivariate curve resolution enables the direct observation of biocatalysis by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy.
Controlled aggregation of DNA functionalized poly(phenylene-vinylene)
Authors: Gudnason Daniel , Madsen Mikael , Krissanaprasit Abhichart , Gothelf Kurt V. , Birkedal Victoria
Published: April 2018

We show that aggregation of DNA-functionalized poly(phenylene-vinylene) can be controlled in solution through ion and DNA interactions.
Challenges and perspectives in continuous glucose monitoring
Authors: van Enter Benjamin Jasha , von Hauff Elizabeth
Published: April 2018

The elusive glucose molecule: this review highlights recent advances and fundamental challenges in the field of glucose detection.
Selectively targeting bacteria by tuning the molecular design of membrane-active peptidomimetic amphiphiles
Authors: Konai Mohini M. , Samaddar Sandip , Bocchinfuso Gianfranco , Santucci Valerio , Stella Lorenzo , Haldar Jayanta
Published: April 2018

Here we report the design of membrane-active peptidomimetic molecules with a tunable arrangement of hydrophobic and polar groups.
An AIEE fluorescent supramolecular cross-linked polymer network based on pillar[5]arene host–guest recognition: construction and application in explosive detection
Authors: Shao Li , Sun Jifu , Hua Bin , Huang Feihe
Published: April 2018

A novel fluorescent supramolecular cross-linked polymer network with aggregation induced enhanced emission properties was constructed and further used for explosive detection.
Reentrant phase transformation from crystalline ikaite to amorphous calcium carbonate
Authors: Zou Zhaoyong , Bertinetti Luca , Habraken Wouter J. E. M. , Fratzl Peter
Published: April 2018

Micrometer-sized metastable amorphous calcium carbonate with a multi-level interconnected porous structure is transformed from highly hydrated crystalline ikaite by fast dehydration.
Macroscopic crystalline deformation in an organic dye during reversible phase transition caused by alkyl disorder
Authors: Minami Takaya , Sato Hiroyasu , Matsumoto Shinya
Published: April 2018

Single crystals of a bisazomethine dye exhibit thermally induced reversible crystalline deformation due to alkyl disorder.
Ab initio study of the CO–N2 complex: a new highly accurate intermolecular potential energy surface and rovibrational spectrum
Authors: Cybulski Hubert , Henriksen Christian , Dawes Richard , Wang Xiao-Gang , Bora Neha , Avila Gustavo , Carrington Tucker , Fernández Berta
Published: April 2018

We present a highly accurate ab initio intermolecular potential-energy surface and rovibrational spectrum for the CO–N2 complex.
Correlated energy transfer in rotationally and spin–orbit inelastic collisions of NO(X2Π1/2, j = 1/2f) with O2(X3Σg−)
Authors: Gao Zhi , Karman Tijs , Tang Guoqiang , van der Avoird Ad , Groenenboom Gerrit C. , van de Meerakker Sebastiaan Y. T.
Published: April 2018

We present a combined experimental and theoretical study of state-to-state inelastic scattering of NO(X2Π1/2, j = 1/2f) with O2(X3Σg−) molecules at a collision energy of 480 cm−1, focusing in particular on the observation and interpretation of correlated excitations in both NO and O2.
Facile synthesis of yolk shell Mn2O3@Mn5O8 as an effective catalyst for peroxymonosulfate activation
Authors: Khan Aimal , Zou Shuhua , Wang Ting , Ifthikar Jerosha , Jawad Ali , Liao Zhuwei , Shahzad Ajmal , Ngambia Audrey , Chen Zhuqi
Published: April 2018

The Mn2O3@Mn5O8 catalyst exhibits unique structural properties for catalytic activities and shows efficient performance for the degradation of 4-CP in a PMS system.
Inductive modulation of tris(phosphinomethyl)phenylborate donation at group VI metals via borate phenyl substituent modification
Authors: Fischer Paul J. , Senthil Shuruthi , Stephan Jeremy T. , Swift McKinley L. , Storlie Meghan D. , Chan Emily T. , Vollmer Matthew V. , Young Victor G.
Published: April 2018

New tris(phosphinomethyl)phenylborate ligands were synthesized to examine tuning of PhBPPh3 donation via inductive modulation of the borate charge. Cyclic voltammetry suggests that rational tuning of this type occurs in complexes of zerovalent metals.
Correction: Emerging investigators series: comparing the inherent reactivity of often-overlooked aqueous chlorinating and brominating agents toward salicylic acid
Authors: Broadwater Matthew A. , Swanson Tyler L. , Sivey John D.
Published: April 2018

Correction for ‘Emerging investigators series: comparing the inherent reactivity of often-overlooked aqueous chlorinating and brominating agents toward salicylic acid’ by Matthew A. Broadwater et al., Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol., 2018, 4, 369–384.
Biosourced analogs of elastomer-containing bitumen through hydrothermal liquefaction ofSpirulinasp. microalgae residues
Authors: Borghol Ilef , Queffélec Clémence , Bolle Patricia , Descamps Julie , Lombard Christophe , Lépine Olivier , Kucma Delphine , Lorentz Chantal , Laurenti Dorothée , Montouillout Valérie , Chailleux Emmanuel , Bujoli Bruno
Published: April 2018

HTL ofSpirulinasp. byproducts was investigated for the production of road binders.
Development of CO2 phase change absorbents by means of the cosolvent effect
Authors: Yang Fushen , Jin Xianhang , Fang Jiawei , Tu Weiwei , Yang Ye , Cui Chunhua , Zhang Weidong
Published: April 2018

Development of CO2 phase change absorbents comprising MDEA/C4–C6 alcohol/H2O by means of the cosolvent effect.
Reply to the ‘Comment on “Zemplén transesterification: a name reaction that has misled us for 90 years”’ by G. Poli, C. Pezzetta, I. Leito and S. Tshepelevitsh, Green Chemistry, 2018, 20, DOI: 10.1039/c7gc03795c
Authors: Ren Bo , Ge Jiantao , Dong Hai
Published: April 2018

This article provides our response to a comment on our article that appeared in Green Chemistry. The rate constants of transesterification catalysed by NaOH are larger than those catalysed by MeONa.
Powering ex vivo tissue models in microfluidic systems
Authors: McLean Ian C. , Schwerdtfeger Luke A. , Tobet Stuart A. , Henry Charles S.
Published: April 2018

This Frontiers review analyzes the rapidly growing microfluidic strategies that have been employed in attempts to create physiologically relevant ‘organ-on-chip’ models using primary tissue removed from a body (human or animal).
Identification of a novel aminopolycarboxylic acid siderophore gene cluster encoding the biosynthesis of ethylenediaminesuccinic acid hydroxyarginine (EDHA)
Authors: Spohn Marius , Edenhart Simone , Alanjary Mohammad , Ziemert Nadine , Wibberg Daniel , Kalinowski Jörn , Niedermeyer Timo H. J. , Stegmann Evi , Wohlleben Wolfgang
Published: April 2018

A computational screening approach enabled the detection of a novel aminopolycarboxylic acid gene cluster that encodes the biosynthesis of EDHA.
Efficient hierarchically synthesized Fe2P nanoparticles embedded in an N,P-doped mesoporous carbon catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction
Authors: Li Guang-Lan , Yuan Li-Fang , Chen Wen-Wen , Yang Bei-Bei , Liu Cai-Di , Cheng Guang-Chun , Xu Xiao-Cun , Hao Ce
Published: April 2018

Novel Fe2P nanoparticles encapsulated in an N,P-doped three-dimensional porous carbon catalyst were synthesized and displayed excellent ORR performance.
Chloromethylated polystyrene immobilized ruthenium complex of 2-(2-pyridyl)benzimidazole catalyst for the synthesis of bioactive disubstituted ureas by carbonylation reaction
Authors: Dey Tusar Kanto , Ghosh Kajari , Basu Priyanka , Molla Rostam Ali , Islam Sk. Manirul
Published: April 2018

Recyclable Ru–Py–Merf catalyst is synthesized and well characterized. The catalytic study of Ru–Py–Merf was performed for the synthesis of disubstituted ureas with high yield.
Perylene liquid crystals with multiple alkyl chains: investigation of the influence of peripheral alkyl chain number on mesomorphic and photophysical properties
Authors: Zhu Mingguang , Chen Yongzhu , Guo Hongyu , Yang Fafu , Song Xuchun
Published: April 2018

Novel perylene liquid crystals with 2, 4 and 6 peripheral alkyl chains or 6, 8 and 10 peripheral alkyl chains at both the imide and bay-positions were investigated.
Structure-enhanced removal of Cr(vi) in aqueous solutions using MoS2 ultrathin nanosheets
Authors: Sun Huating , Wu Tianxing , Zhang Yunxia , Ng Dickon H. L. , Wang Guozhong
Published: April 2018

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) ultrathin nanosheets with enlarged interlayer spacing and defects enables the structure-enhanced removal of Cr(vi), in which the synergistic effects of adsorption and reduction not only captured Cr(vi) from aqueous solutions, but also alleviated the toxicity of chromium to some degree.
Minimizing the aggregation of diglycolamide reverse micelles in the n-dodecane phase with bis-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid “reactive” phase modifier
Authors: Swami K. Rama , Kumaresan R. , Venkatesan K. A. , Antony M. P.
Published: April 2018

“Reactive“ phase modifiers enhance the extraction of trivalent metal ions through synergism and prevent third phase formation.
Total synthesis of complex alkaloids by nucleophilic addition to amides
Authors: Sato Takaaki , Yoritate Makoto , Tajima Hayato , Chida Noritaka
Published: April 2018

This mini review focuses on the recent progress of total synthesis of complex alkaloids based on the nucleophilic additions toN-alkoxyamides, tertiary amides and secondary amides.
Correction: Constructing hierarchical dandelion-like molybdenum–nickel–cobalt ternary oxide nanowire arrays on carbon nanotube fiber for high-performance wearable fiber-shaped asymmetric supercapacitors
Authors: Sun Juan , Zhang Qichong , Wang Xiaona , Zhao Jingxin , Guo Jiabin , Zhou Zhenyu , Zhang Jun , Man Ping , Sun Jing , Li Qingwen , Yao Yagang
Published: April 2018

Correction for ‘Constructing hierarchical dandelion-like molybdenum–nickel–cobalt ternary oxide nanowire arrays on carbon nanotube fiber for high-performance wearable fiber-shaped asymmetric supercapacitors’ by Juan Sun et al., J. Mater. Chem. A, 2017, 5, 21153–21160.
MPC1 is essential for PGC-1α-induced mitochondrial respiration and biogenesis
Authors: Koh Eunjin , Kim Young Kyung , Shin Daye , Kim Kyung-Sup
Published: April 2018

Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC), which is essential for mitochondrial pyruvate usage, mediates the transport of cytosolic pyruvate into mitochondria. Low MPC expression is associated with various cancers, and functionally associated with glycolytic metabolism and stemness. However, the mechanism by which MPC expression is regulated is largely unknown. In this study, we showed that MPC1 is down-regulated in human renal cell carcinoma (RCC) due to strong suppression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma co-activator (PGC)-1 alpha (PGC-1α). We also demonstrated that overexpression of PGC-1α stimulates MPC1 transcription, while depletion of PGC-1α by siRNA suppresses MPC expression. We found that PGC-1α interacts with estrogen-related receptor-alpha (ERR-α) and recruits it to the ERR-α response element motif located in the proximal MPC1 promoter, resulting in efficient activation of MPC1 expression. Furthermore, the MPC inhibitor, UK5099, blocked PGC-1α-induced pyruvate-dependent mitochondrial oxygen consumption. Taken together, our results suggest that MPC1 is a novel target gene of PGC-1α. In addition, low expression of PGC-1α in human RCC might contribute to the reduced expression of MPC, resulting in impaired mitochondrial respiratory capacity in RCC by limiting the transport of pyruvate into the mitochondrial matrix.
Bile salt dependent lipase promotes intestinal adaptation in rats with massive small bowel resection
Authors: Yang Yi , Zheng Tao , Zhou Jiefei , Song Huanlei , Cai Wei , Qian Linxi
Published: April 2018

Intestinal adaptation is important for the short bowel syndrome (SBS) patients. Growing evidence has suggested that bile salt dependent lipase (BSDL) not only has the lipolytic activity, but also the immune-modulating and pro-proliferative activities. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of BSDL on intestinal adaptive growth and gut barrier function in a rat model of SBS. Twenty-four male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into three experimental groups: sham group (rats underwent bowel transection and re-anastomosis), SBS group (rats underwent 80% bowel resection), SBS-BSDL group (SBS rats orally administered BSDL). The animals were weighed daily. The intestinal morpho-histochemical changes and intestinal barrier function were determined 14 days after the operations. Meanwhile, the expressions of Wnt signaling molecules in enterocytes were also analyzed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The postoperative weight gain was faster in the SBS rats treated with BSDL than in the SBS/untreated group. The SBS rats treated with BSDL had significantly greater villus height, crypt depth, and enterocyte proliferation in their residual intestines, as compared with the SBS/untreated group. The recovery of intestinal barrier function was promoted and the expressions of tight-junction proteins were increased in the SBS rats treated with BSDL. Additionally, the data indicated that the proadaptive activities of BSDL might be mediated by Wnt signaling activation in the enterocytes. These observations suggested that enteral BSDL administration promoted intestinal adaptive growth and barrier repairing by activating Wnt signaling pathway in SBS rats.
Children's Acoustic and Linguistic Adaptations to Peers With Hearing Impairment
Authors: Granlund Sonia , Hazan Valerie , Mahon Merle
Published: April 2018

Purpose

This study aims to examine the clear speaking strategies used by older children when interacting with a peer with hearing loss, focusing on both acoustic and linguistic adaptations in speech.

Method

The Grid task, a problem-solving task developed to elicit spontaneous interactive speech, was used to obtain a range of global acoustic and linguistic measures. Eighteen 9- to 14-year-old children with normal hearing (NH) performed the task in pairs, once with a friend with NH and once with a friend with a hearing impairment (HI).

Results

In HI-directed speech, children increased their fundamental frequency range and midfrequency intensity, decreased the number of words per phrase, and expanded their vowel space area by increasing F1 and F2 range, relative to NH-directed speech. However, participants did not appear to make changes to their articulation rate, the lexical frequency of content words, or lexical diversity when talking to their friend with HI compared with their friend with NH.

Conclusions

Older children show evidence of listener-oriented adaptations to their speech production; although their speech production systems are still developing, they are able to make speech adaptations to benefit the needs of a peer with HI, even without being given a specific instruction to do so.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.6118817
Use of Textured Thin Liquids in Patients With Dysphagia
Authors: Howard Melissa M. , Nissenson Paul M. , Meeks Lauren , Rosario Emily R.
Published: April 2018

Purpose

The goals of this article are to explore the use of textured thin liquids for dysphagic patients who require thickened liquids and to illustrate their impact on hydration and patient satisfaction.

Method

A retrospective evaluation of textured thin liquids was completed using patient data looking at laboratory values relevant to the detection of dehydration (blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, sodium) and patient satisfaction (using a clinician-generated questionnaire) on different modified liquid textures. In addition, the viscosity for all liquids was tested using a rheometer.

Results

Measurements show that the viscosity of the textured thin liquids examined in this pilot study are significantly lower than the viscosity of nectar-thick liquids and fall within the “thin” category as defined by the National Dysphagia Diet guidelines. Patients on honey- and nectar-thick liquids had laboratory values signifying dehydration, whereas those receiving the textured thin liquid consistency were within the normal range for all laboratory values. Importantly, when consuming textured thin liquids, patients reported significant improvement in their satisfaction related to their thirst.

Conclusion

The results of this pilot study highlight the consequences of common thickened liquid dietary recommendations and of the potentially beneficial clinical application of textured thin liquids for patients with dysphagia as well as the need for future prospective research.
Heart and ____ or Give and ____? An Exploration of Variables That Influence Binomial Completion for Individuals With and Without Aphasia
Authors: Eaton Catherine Torrington , Newman Rochelle S.
Published: April 2018

Purpose

The goal of this research was to institute an evidence base behind commonly used elicitation materials known as binomials (e.g., “day and night”) that are commonly used for persons with aphasia (PWAs). The study explored a number of linguistic variables that could influence successful binomial completion in nonaphasic adults and PWAs.

Method

Thirty nonaphasic adults and 11 PWAs were asked to verbally complete 128 binomials; responses were scored by accuracy and reaction time. Binomials were coded according to the following independent variables: frequency of usage, phonological (e.g., alliteration, rhyme) and semantic (i.e., antonymy) relationships, grammatical category of the response, and number of plausible binomial completions.

Results

Regression analyses demonstrated that, for both groups, greater accuracy was predicted by presence of antonymy and absence of a phonological relationship. Though reaction time models differed between groups, items that elicited a greater number of response options led to longer latencies across participants.

Conclusion

Findings suggest that clinicians consider antonymy as well as the number of plausible responses for a given prompt when adapting the level of difficulty for their clients. Results also contribute to broader interdisciplinary research on how automatic language is processed in adults with and without neurogenic communication disorder.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.6030806
Insights Into Oropharyngeal Dysphagia From Administrative Data and Clinical Registries: A Literature Review
Authors: Bartlett Rebecca S. , Thibeault Susan L.
Published: April 2018

Purpose

The call for data-driven health care has been bolstered by the digitization of medical records, quality initiatives, and payment reform. Administrative databases and clinical registries are increasingly being used to study oropharyngeal dysphagia and to facilitate data-driven decision making. The objective of this work was to summarize key findings, etiologies studied, data sources used, study objectives, and quality of evidence of all original research articles that have investigated oropharyngeal dysphagia or aspiration pneumonia using administrative or clinical registry data to date.

Method

A literature search was completed in MEDLINE, Scopus, and Google Scholar (January 1, 1990, to February 1, 2017). Each study that met inclusion criteria was rated for quality of evidence on a 5-point scale.

Results

Eighty-four research articles were included in the final analysis (n= 221–1,649,871). Over the past 20 years, the number of new publications in this area has quintupled. Most of the administrative database and clinical registry studies of dysphagia have been retrospective cohort studies and cross-sectional studies and limited to quality of evidence levels of 3–4. In these studies, much has been learned about risk factors for dysphagia and pneumonia in defined populations and health care costs and usage. Little has been gleaned from these studies regarding swallowing physiology or dysphagia management.

Conclusions

Investigators are just beginning to develop the methods to study oropharyngeal dysphagia using administrative data and clinical registries. Future research is needed in all areas, from the fundamental issue of how to identify individuals with dysphagia with high sensitivity in these data sets to evaluating treatment effectiveness.

Supplemental Material

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.6066515
Examining Acoustic and Kinematic Measures of Articulatory Working Space: Effects of Speech Intensity
Authors: Whitfield Jason A. , Dromey Christopher , Palmer Panika
Published: April 2018

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of speech intensity on acoustic and kinematic vowel space measures and conduct a preliminary examination of the relationship between kinematic and acoustic vowel space metrics calculated from continuously sampled lingual marker and formant traces.

Method

Young adult speakers produced 3 repetitions of 2 different sentences at 3 different loudness levels. Lingual kinematic and acoustic signals were collected and analyzed. Acoustic and kinematic variants of several vowel space metrics were calculated from the formant frequencies and the position of 2 lingual markers. Traditional metrics included triangular vowel space area and the vowel articulation index. Acoustic and kinematic variants of sentence-level metrics based on the articulatory–acoustic vowel space and the vowel space hull area were also calculated.

Results

Both acoustic and kinematic variants of the sentence-level metrics significantly increased with an increase in loudness, whereas no statistically significant differences in traditional vowel-point metrics were observed for either the kinematic or acoustic variants across the 3 loudness conditions. In addition, moderate-to-strong relationships between the acoustic and kinematic variants of the sentence-level vowel space metrics were observed for the majority of participants.

Conclusions

These data suggest that both kinematic and acoustic vowel space metrics that reflect the dynamic contributions of both consonant and vowel segments are sensitive to within-speaker changes in articulation associated with manipulations of speech intensity.
Saturated adaptive sliding mode control for autonomous vessel landing of a quadrotor
Authors: Huang Yanting , Zheng Zewei , Sun Liang , Zhu Ming
Published: April 2018

An autonomous vessel landing control algorithm of a quadrotor with input saturation and parametric uncertainties is investigated. To facilitate the controller design, the problem of vessel landing is converted from general trajectory tracking problem of a quadrotor to a stabilisation problem of relative motion. A non‐linear and coupled six‐degrees‐of‐freedom relative position and attitude model with uncertain parameters and external disturbances is established. The proposed controllers are composed of a relative position controller (RPC) and a relative attitude‐altitude controller (RAC). The quadrotor is first commanded by RPC to reach above the vessel, as it reaches, RAC is initiated to guide the quadrotor to descend steadily on the vessel. Both RPC and RAC employ the saturated adaptive sliding mode control technique. The parametric uncertainties and disturbances are estimated by adaptive algorithms, while the control input saturation effect is compensated by linear compensators. All signals in the closed‐loop systems are proved uniformly ultimately bounded via Lyapunov theory. Numerical simulations validate the effectiveness of the proposed control approach.
Optimally distributed formation control with obstacle avoidance for mixed‐order multi‐agent systems under switching topologies
Authors: Yan Bing , Shi Peng , Lim Cheng‐Chew , Wu Chengfu , Shi Zhiyuan
Published: April 2018

In this study, an optimally distributed formation control approach is proposed for mixed‐order multi‐agent systems to achieve formation consistency with obstacle avoidance. The systems consist of unmanned aerial vehicles and ground robots. The authors present a formation consistency control for a mixed‐order system under switching topologies. An optimally distributed method is developed by matrix transformation method and linear quadratic regulator theory, which leads to an optimisation on both horizontal and vertical control. For obstacle avoidance, a non‐quadratic cost function is introduced based on optimal control. The resulting closed‐loop mixed‐order system is validated to be stable with an optimal performance. The formation consensus and obstacle avoidance are verified by simulations to show the effectiveness and potentials.
Electromagnetic design and performance analysis of a two‐phase AFPM BLDC motor for the only‐pull drive technique
Authors: Yazdan Tanveer , Kwon Byung‐il
Published: April 2018

This study proposes a two‐phase single‐air‐gap axial flux permanent magnet (AFPM) motor that offers a trapezoidal back‐electromotive force (EMF) waveform to improve the performance of the only‐pull drive technique compared with the radial flux PM (RFPM) motor. The only‐pull drive technique provides the benefit of allowing the use of thin magnets in the motor without suffering from irreversible demagnetisation. In the proposed motor, the design geometry is primarily considered to achieve the desired trapezoidal shape of back‐EMF. The effects of the geometry are explained with the help of air‐gap flux density, flux linkage, and the leakage flux. Both the radial flux and the proposed motor adopt the same design concept and hold equal electromagnetic loadings. The profile of back‐EMF and the electromagnetic torque driven by the only‐pull drive technique are compared with that of RFPM motor with non‐trapezoidal back‐EMF. Furthermore, the split configuration is proposed for the AFPM motor to reduce torque ripples. The demagnetisation analysis is performed to confirm the operating point of the magnets in a split‐AFPM motor. The results reveal that the AF motor is a good candidate for the only‐pull drive technique.
Optimisation method to maximise torque density of high‐speed slotless permanent magnet synchronous machine in aerospace applications
Authors: Lee Dongsu , Jin Austin , Min Byung‐Hoon , Zheng Lijun , Haran Kiruba
Published: April 2018

This study presents an optimisation method for slotless permanent magnet synchronous machines to maximise torque density. The slotless structure with outer rotor and Halbach array has been selected to limit iron losses, torque ripple, cogging torque, and high‐order harmonics. High‐speed operation compounds both ac copper loss and mechanical stress. The former causes a temperature rise in the machine, while the latter is induced by strong centrifugal forces. A finite‐element analysis‐based optimisation method that utilises a parallel multistart, mesh adaptive direct search strategy is proposed to consider ac copper loss and mechanical stress as constraint variables. Finally, the torque densities of titanium and aermet shell designs were compared to show how material selection provides a trade‐off in terms of torque production, mechanical stress, and weight.
Maximisation of power density in permanent magnet machines with the aid of optimisation algorithms
Authors: Cupertino Francesco , Leuzzi Riccardo , Monopoli Vito Giuseppe , Cascella Giuseppe Leonardo
Published: April 2018

This study considers the design of surface‐mounted permanent magnet electrical machines for high‐speed applications and proposes a methodology to determine the maximum achievable power density. Power density is usually improved by increasing rotational speed. At high speed, a mechanical retaining system for the rotor magnets must be considered. As the speed increases, the thickness of the retaining sleeve becomes larger, reducing torque capability. There will be an optimal speed at which the output power will be maximised. Both structural and electromagnetic design must be considered simultaneously to properly address this design problem. To simplify the design procedure, static finite‐element simulations are used for the electromagnetic analysis and analytical formulae are employed for retaining sleeve sizing. The procedure is aided by multi‐objective optimisation algorithms. A case study based on the specification of an aeronautical actuator is presented. The performances that can be obtained using different iron cores, high‐grade silicon steel, and cobalt iron steel are compared. Finally, results obtained from transient finite‐element electromagnetic and structural analysis are presented to validate the feasibility of the proposed procedure.
Influence of petal parameters on the electromagnetic force driving the arc in RMF type vacuum interrupters
Authors: Bhat Rahul , Kulkarni Shrikrishna V.
Published: April 2018

The SWASTIK type radial magnetic field (RMF) contact design is widely used in vacuum interrupters. The mutually perpendicular petal limbs are a unique feature of this contact design. The focus of this work is to relate the Lorentz force acting on the arc with petal dimensions through closed‐form expressions. Considering the petal limbs as equivalent to finite current carrying conductors, analytical equations are derived to compute the magnetic flux density at any point in space. The results are verified by using finite‐element method (FEM) simulations of rail electrodes. The expressions are then used to compute the Lorentz force on the arc in SWASTIK contacts. The analytical predictions are compared with three‐dimensional FEM simulations of a CAD model of the contacts. Applicability of the analytical results is investigated in the context of parametric variation of the radius, length and position of the arc and temporal variation of the contact current. The present work can be used in the first iteration of contact petal design. It is also applicable for the design of rail gun geometries.
Optimal switching sequence model predictive control for three‐phase Vienna rectifiers
Authors: Xie Shiming , Sun Yao , Su Mei , Lin Jianheng , Guang Qiming
Published: April 2018

Vienna rectifier is a typical three‐level rectifier with complicated operating constraints. Also, the constraints pose a challenge for designing controllers with good dynamic performance. As predictive control is good at dealing with constraints, an optimal switching sequence model predictive control (OSS‐MPC) strategy for the three‐phase Vienna rectifier is proposed. A proportional–integral controller is designed to regulate the dc‐link voltage. Also, an improved OSS‐MPC method is utilised to control the input currents. Compared to the conventional finite control set model predictive control, it has the extra advantages of improved steady‐state performance, fixed switching frequency, and elimination of weight factors. Simulation and experimental results verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.
Low‐power switched transconductance mixer and LNA design for Wi‐Fi and WiMAX applications in 65 nm CMOS
Authors: Bhatt Darshak , Mukherjee Jayanta , Redouté Jean‐Michel
Published: April 2018

This study proposes a wide‐band low‐power low‐noise amplifier (LNA) and switched transconductance (SwGm) mixer. The proposed mixer is realised with a fully differential complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) SwGm configuration. It provides a high bandwidth with a low noise figure (NF) and consumes a low amount of power. Moreover, an ultra‐wideband LNA is designed by using a split‐load inductive technique. The combination of the LNA and the mixer has provided competitive results in terms of power, bandwidth, NF, and gain. The LNA + mixer was designed and fabricated in the 65 nm radio frequency‐CMOS technology. The proposed LNA achieves 2.5 ± 0.1 dB of NF and 17 ± 1.5 dB of gain over the band of 1–10 GHz and consumes 4.8 mW of power. The proposed SwGm mixer shows a maximum conversion gain (CG) of 10 dB, a minimum NF of 10 dB, and more than −8.5 dBm of third‐order input intercept point (IIP3) over the band of 10 GHz. The implemented LNA + mixer achieves 19 dB of CG, 5 dB of NF, and −6 dBm of IIP3. The on‐chip LNA and mixer consume only 1.65 mW and 530 μW, respectively, from a 1.2 V supply voltage.
Monitoring and measurement of high‐frequency oscillatory transient recovery voltage of circuit breakers
Authors: Malekpour Majid , Pouramin Alireza , Malekpour Amin , Phung Toan , Ambikairajah Eliathamby
Published: April 2018

Studying the characteristics of transient recovery voltage (TRV) becomes mandatory for selectingan appropriate circuit breaker (CB) in terms of protection and control of thepower system network. A CB may fail to interrupt the short circuit faults if itsrated TRV characteristic is lower than that of the power system characteristics.This paper aims to extract the net TRV waveform imposed on the breaker contactswithout any prior knowledge about the system parameters. Better accuracy isachieved in the measurement of TRV parameters because the power frequencycomponent superimposed on the raw waveform has been removed. Based on theconcept of the second order generalized integrator‐adaptive notch filter(SOGI‐ANF), the behaviour of the TRV over time has been studied. The prominentadvantage of the presented method is that it is independent from the circuitconfiguration and voltage and thus can be performed online on different types ofpower networks. The adaptive feature of the SOGI‐ANF and its simple structuremake it a suitable tool for analysis of TRV in power system networks. Thereal‐time implementation of the SOGI‐ANF has been obtained using an STM32F4Discovery microcontroller board and experimental results show the effectivenessof the proposed method.
Pairing and (9/2)n configuration in nuclei in the 208Pb region
Authors: Stepanov M. , Imasheva L. , Ishkhanov B. , Tretyakova T.
Published: April 2018

Excited states in low-energy spectra in nuclei near 208Pb are considered. The pure (j = 9/2)n configuration approximation with delta-force is used for ground state multiplet calculations. The multiplet splitting is determined by the pairing energy, which can be defined from the even-odd straggering of the nuclear masses. For the configurations with more than two valence nucleons, the seniority scheme is used. The results of the calculations agree with the experimental data for both stable and exotic nuclei within 0.06-6.16%. Due to simplicity and absence of the fitted parameters, the model can be easily applied for studies of nature of the excited states in a wide range of nuclei.
New test of the dynamic theory of neutron diffraction by a moving grating
Authors: Zakharov Maxim , Frank Alexander , Kulin German , Goryunov Semyon
Published: April 2018

Recently, multiwave dynamical theory of neutron diffraction by a moving grating was developed. The theory predicts that at a certain height of the grating profile a significant suppression of the zero-order diffraction may occur. The experiment to confirm predictions of this theory was performed. The resulting diffracted UCNs spectra were measured using time-of-flight Fourier diffractometer. The experimental data were compared with the results of numerical simulation and were found in a good agreement with theoretical predictions.
EMC effect in the Drell-Yan process at COMPASS
Authors: Mitrofanov Evgenii
Published: April 2018

The EMC effect or a modification of parton distributions in bound nucleons as compared to free ones, has been extensively studied during the last 30 years but its full understanding is still lacking. The COMPASS experiment at CERN will provide new results on the EMC effect, originating from the Drell-Yan process and studied in the 190 GeV=c π- beam scattering on the ammonia and tungsten targets. The present understanding of the EMC effect and experimental possibilities of COMPASS in this context are discussed.
Integrated cloud infrastructure of the LIT JINR, PE “NULITS” and INP's Astana branch
Authors: Mazhitova Yelena , Balashov Nikita , Baranov Aleksandr , Kutovskiy Nikolay , Semenov Roman
Published: April 2018

The article describes the distributed cloud infrastructure deployed on the basis of the resources of the Laboratory of Information Technologies of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (LIT JINR) and some JINR Member State organizations. It explains a motivation of that work, an approach it is based on, lists of its participants among which there are private entity “Nazarbayev University Library and IT services” (PE “NULITS”) Autonomous Education Organization “Nazarbayev University” (AO NU) and The Institute of Nuclear Physics’ (INP's) Astana branch.
Compact 2.45 GHz ECR Ion Source for generation of singly-charged ions
Authors: Fatkullin Riyaz , Bogomolov Sergey , Kuzmenkov Konstantin , Efremov Andrey
Published: April 2018

2.45 GHz ECR ion sources are widely used for production of protons, single charged heavy ions and secondary radioactive ion beams. This paper describes the development of a compact ECR ion source based on 2.45 GHz coaxial resonator. The first results of extracted current measurements at different resonator configuration as a function of UHF frequency, power and gas flow are presented.
False vacuum decay in quantum mechanics and four dimensional scalar field theory
Authors: Bezuglov Maxim
Published: April 2018

When the Higgs boson was discovered in 2012 it was realized that electroweak vacuum may suffer a possible metastability on the Planck scale and can eventually decay. To understand this problem it is important to have reliable predictions for the vacuum decay rate within the framework of quantum field theory. For now, it can only be done at one loop level, which is apparently is not enough. The aim of this work is to develop a technique for the calculation of two and higher order radiative corrections to the false vacuum decay rate in the framework of four dimensional scalar quantum field theory and then apply it to the case of the Standard Model. To achieve this goal, we first start from the case of d=1 dimensional QFT i.e. quantum mechanics. We show that for some potentials two and three loop corrections can be very important and must be taken into account. Next, we use quantum mechanical example as a template for the general d=4 dimensional theory. In it we are concentrating on the calculations of bounce solution and corresponding Green function in so called thin wall approximation. The obtained Green function is then used as a main ingredient for the calculation of two loop radiative corrections to the false vacuum decay rate.
Gluing operation and form factors of local operators in N = 4 Super Yang-Mills theory
Authors: Bolshov A.E.
Published: April 2018

The gluing operation is an effective way to get form factors of both local and non-local operators starting from different representations of on-shell scattering amplitudes. In this paper it is shown how it works on the example of form factors of operators from stress-tensor operator supermultiplet in Grassmannian and spinor helicity representations.
Tunneling of Two Interacting Fermions
Authors: Ishmukhamedov Ilyas , Ishmukhamedov Altay
Published: April 2018

We consider two interacting atoms subject to a one-dimensional anharmonic trap and magnetic field gradient. This system has been recently investigated by the Heidelberg group in the experiment on two 6Li atoms. In the present paper the tunneling of two cold 6Li atoms, initially prepared in the center-of-mass and relative motion excited state, is explored and full time-dependent simulation of the tunneling dynamics is performed. The dynamics is analyzed for the interatomic coupling strength ranging from strong attraction to strong repulsion.
The impact of the tensor interaction on the β-delayed neutron emission of the neutron-rich Ni isotopes
Authors: Sushenok E.O. , Severyukhin A.P. , Arsenyev N.N. , Borzov I.N.
Published: April 2018

The neutron emission of the β-decay of 74;76;78;80Ni are studied within the quasiparticle random phase approximation with the Skyrme interaction. The coupling between one- and two-phonon terms in the wave functions of the low-energy 1+ states of the daughter nuclei is taken into account. It is shown that the strength decrease of the neutronproton tensor interaction leads to the increase of the half-life and the neutron-emission probability.
Uniform regularity in the random space and spectral accuracy of the stochastic Galerkin method for a kinetic-fluid two-phase flow model with random initial inputs in the light particle regime
Authors: Shu Ruiwen , Jin Shi
Published: April 2018

We consider a kinetic-fluid model with random initial inputs which describes disperse two-phase flows. In the light particle regime, using energy estimates, we prove the uniform regularity in the random space of the model for random initial data near the global equilibrium in some suitable Sobolev spaces, with the randomness in the initial particle distribution and fluid velocity. By hypocoercivity arguments, we prove that the energy decays exponentially in time, which means that the long time behavior of the solution is insensitive to such randomness in the initial data. Then we consider the generalized polynomial chaos stochastic Galerkin method (gPC-sG) for the same model. For initial data near the global equilibrium and smooth enough in the physical and random spaces, we prove that the gPC-sG method has spectral accuracy, uniformly in time and the Knudsen number, and the error decays exponentially in time.