bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Влияние модифицирования ниобием на процесс затвердевания и механизм кристаллизации литейной среднеуглеродистой стали
Authors: Ван Хайтао , Сунь Шуфэн , Ван Циньян
Published: May 2024

Исследовано влияние модифицирования ниобием на размер зерна первичного аустенита, величину литейной усадки и поведение при кристаллизации литейной среднеуглеродистой стали, выплавляемой в среднечастотной индукционной печи. Установлено, что 0,1 % (масс.) ниобия повышает жидкотекучесть стали и способствует образованию концентрированной усадки вместо рассеянной пористости. Модифицирование приводит к формированию равноосной полиэдрической структуры вместо грубых дендритов и значительно уменьшает размер первичных аустенитных зерен. С использованием электронной микроскопии и энергодисперсионного анализа обнаружено, что ниобий образует с углеродом твердофазные частицы NbC. Эти частицы химически стабильны при высокой температуре расплава и являются эффективными центрами кристаллизации первичного аустенита путем неспонтанного зародышеобразования. Предложена модель сопряжения кристаллических решеток на границе между γ-Fe и NbC. Механизм гетерогенного зарождения NbC заключается в том, что первичный аустенит растет на {111}γ-Fe вдоль плотноупакованной плоскости {111}NbC в направлении 011γ-Fe || 112NbC и рассогласование кристаллографических плоскостей составляет всего 9,79 %.
Microstructural evolution and mechanical behavior of lean alloyed continuously cooled bainitic steel
Authors: Mohapatra J N , Dabbiru Satish Kumar , Balachandran G
Published: May 2024

Исследовано влияние непрерывного охлаждения на развитие процесса бейнитного превращения и механические свойства низкоуглеродистой (0,17 % С) стали, легированной 1,73 % Mn, 1,35 % Si и микродобавками 0,02 % Nb, 0,04 % Ti. Проведены микроструктурный и фазовый анализы при различных режимах непрерывного охлаждения. Описано деформационное упрочнение стали в разных состояниях с использованием уравнения Холломона и модифицированной модели Круссара-Жауля. Проведена аустенитизация стали при температурах межкритической области и выше А3 между 790 и 900° C длительностью 5 и 30 мин с последующим непрерывным охлаждением для формирования преимущественно бейнитной микроструктуры, позволяющей достичь сверхвысокой прочности (1100 МПа) при высокой пластичности (20 %). Показано, что наиболее длительное время аустенитизации (30 мин) способствует повышению прочности и пластичности сталей.
Влияние температуры аустемперинга на коррозионное поведение бейнитной Fe – Ni-стали с добавкой Al для железнодорожных путей
Authors: Рома М. , Хасби М. , Цитравати Ф.
Published: May 2024

Исследовано влияние температуры аустемперинга в интервале 300 – 400 °C на структуру бейнита, коррозионную стойкость и механические свойства двух недавно разработанных Fe – Ni-сталей с добавкой 1 и 2 % (масс.) Al. Проведены коррозионные испытания сталей в растворе 3,5 % (масc.) NaCl. Обнаружено, что увеличение содержания Al и повышение температуры аустемперинга способствуют образованию бейнитных пластинок в структуре сталей, однако это незначительно влияет на твердость. Результаты электрохимических испытаний показали повышение коррозионной стойкости сталей при увеличении содержания Al от 1 до 2 % (масс.) в условиях, имитирующих морскую среду. Повышение температуры аустемперинга также повышает коррозионную стойкость обеих сталей, за исключением стали с 1 % (масс.) Al, обработанной при наиболее высокой температуре — 400 °C. Установлено, что на коррозионную стойкость сталей большее влияние оказывает твердость, чем объемная доля бейнитных реек в структуре.
Criterios y procedimientos para medir el déficit habitacional en aglomerados intermedios. El caso de la provincia de Mendoza, Argentina
Authors: Berná Vaccarino Federico , Gassull Virginia Miranda , Ginestar Florencia
Published: May 2024

El déficit habitacional se ha incrementado en la región producto de la acelerada urbanización y las crisis económicas, políticas y sociales. Este trabajo se focaliza en aglomerados intermedios y pequeños de Mendoza, analizando los criterios, procedimientos y datos del déficit utilizados en los dieciocho municipios de la provincia. Busca esclarecer los diferentes registros brindados por medios de comunicación e instituciones públicas en la última década. La metodología combina técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas a partir del análisis de datos censales e institucionales y entrevistas a las Áreas de Vivienda municipales y al Instituto Provincial de la Vivienda. Resulta complejo clarificar los datos del déficit por la heterogeneidad de cifras institucionales obtenidas. Esto se agudiza por los procedimientos y criterios empleados en el registro local de datos de demanda espontánea de vivienda, que no sistematiza ni transversaliza de manera eficiente, lo cual dificulta la construcción de cifras con perspectiva en la diversidad y asociados a la realidad local.
La afordancia del espacio urbano es dada por dinámicas entre sistemas sociales
Authors: Montero Rodríguez Jorge Luis
Published: May 2024

Las personas ejecutamos actividades con sentidos que son correspondientes a prácticas con que los sistemas sociales adjudican significados a objetos y cosas que caracterizan al espacio urbano. Tales sistemas, integrados por esos usuarios-actores, son los que mayor determinación tienen sobre la afordancia urbana que estimula los comportamientos humanos. El presente artículo explora esa relación contingente a partir de revisión documental y observación de la plaza Ignacio Díaz en Guadalajara, México. Allí tienen presencia preponderante tres sistemas sociales: clero parroquial, ayuntamiento y asociación de artistas y comerciantes. Cada uno adjudica significados a objetos y cosas del espacio público a medida que opera y prosigue sus prácticas, así delimitan la afordancia variopinta de la plaza para permitir ciertos comportamientos de los usuarios. Esta es la hipótesis conclusiva. Entender esa contexturización de la afordancia sirve en el diseño de espacios urbanos.
Társas kapcsolatok fejlesztésének szerepe az óvodai és iskolai nevelésben, valamint oktatásban
Authors: N. Kollár Katalin , Hoffmann Tamás
Published: May 2024

Tanulmányunk az óvodai és iskolai nevelésben a társas kapcsolatok fejlesztésének terén Magyarországon használt módszerekkel és az ezekben rejlő lehetőségekkel foglalkozik. A rövid történelmi visszatekintéssel azt próbáljuk bemutatni, hogy a csoportlégkör célzott javítása nem mindig volt evidens célja a köznevelésnek, sőt, megkockáztatjuk, hogy ma sem mindig az. Ugyanakkor rendelkezésre állnak olyan, a gyakorlat által visszaigazolt módszerek, amelyek sikerrel javíthatják a gyermekek egymáshoz való viszonyát, és így közvetve hatékonyan szolgálhatják a sikeres személyiségfejlődésen túl az iskolai teljesítmény növelését és az inkluzív nevelés ügyét egyaránt.
Magyarországi régi bajor utcanevek és jelentőségük a nemzetiségi német nyelv és népismeret oktatása számára
Authors: Müller Márta
Published: May 2024

Jelen tanulmány áttekintést ad két magyarországi német közösség által revitalizált régi bajor utcanevek funkcionális-szemantikai és morfológiai-lexikális jellemzőiről, bemutatja a revitalizációs folyamat során felmerült névtani és dialektológiai feladatokat, ismerteti azokat a feltételeket, amelyek szükségesek a régi bajor utcanevek sikeres revitalizációs folyamatához, összefoglalja, hogy a bajor utcanevek kitáblázása hogyan hat a települések nyelvi tájképére és a helyi lakosságra és ajánlásokat fogalmaz meg azzal kapcsolatban, hogy a régi bajor utcanevek hogyan taníthatóak a nemzetiségi német nyelv, valamint a német hon- és népismeret tantárgyak általános iskolai oktatásában.
A magyar nyelv elsajátításának és fejlesztésének lehetősége egy angliai magyar tanodában
Authors: Bartalos Kitti
Published: May 2024

Ma már szinte hétköznapi jelenségként tekinthetünk arra, ha valaki külföldre költözik és más országban alapít családot, vagy családként döntenek úgy, hogy másik országban élnek majd életvitelszerűen. A célország nyelvének elsajátítása mindkét esetben szükséges, azonban a családokban sokszor felmerül az az igény is, hogy szeretnék megőrizni, ápolni a magyar nyelvet és szeretnék, ha gyermekük megtanulná és fejleszthetné azt, egy magyar közösségben. A Birminghami Magyar Tanoda és Kulturális Központ színvonalas kulturális és oktatási programja lehetőséget biztosít a diaszpórában élő magyarok számára a magyar kultúra és a hagyományok megőrzésére, valamint a magyar nyelv elsajátítására, fejlesztésére és ápolására. Jelen dolgozat célja a tanoda kulturális és oktatási tevékenységén keresztül egy olyan jó gyakorlat bemutatása, mely során a magyar nyelv elsajátítása és fejlesztése sikeresen meg tud valósulni egy idegen nyelvi környezetben.
A német nemzetiségi néphagyományok átörökítése gyermekek számára
Authors: Karsainé Gasser Mária , Márkus Éva
Published: May 2024

Írásunkban bemutatjuk, hogy a magyarországi németek néphagyományait hogyan, milyen módszertannal és milyen eszközök segítségével lehet játékos formában gyerekek számára átadni, élményszerűen közvetíteni. Konkrét példák, népszokások, néphagyomány és hozzá tartozó játék bemutatásán keresztül közelítjük meg a témát. A magyarországi németek népszokásai egyre kevésbé vannak jelen a családok életében, átörökítésük, megőrzésük egyre inkább a nemzetiségi óvodák, iskolák feladata. Ezekbe a nemzetiségi oktatási és nevelési intézményekbe nem csak a magyarországi német nemzetiség tagjainak gyermekei járnak, hanem a többségi társadalom gyermekei is, akik számára ismeretlenek ezek a népszokások. A népszokások hozzájárulnak a gyerekek nemzetiségi identitásának kialakításához, illetve erősítéséhez. Tanulmányunkban képekkel gazdagon illusztrálva szemléltetjük az eltűnőfélben lévő kulturális kincs megőrzésének lehetséges módjait.
Német nemzetiségi gyermekkultúra
Authors: Klein Ágnes
Published: May 2024

Jelen tanulmány a gyermekkultúra fogalom és kutatás nemzetközi irányzatai alapján mutatja be és vizsgálja a magyarországi német nemzetiség gyermekkultúráját, annak elemeit. Fontos kérdés a tradíció és a modernitás egymáshoz való viszonya és a kettő aránya. Ezek alapján az írás célja egy átfogó kép nyújtása a magyarországi németek gyermekkultúrájáról.
A roma hagyományok és a romani nyelv mint a tanulást támogató erőforrások: az (in)szekuritizáció meghaladása
Authors: Kerekesné Lévai Erika , Heltai János Imre
Published: May 2024

A tanulmányban arról írunk, milyen pedagógiai megoldásokkal lehet romani–magyar kétnyelvű roma gyerekekhez és családjuk tagjaihoz autonómiájukat tiszteletben tartva szólni. Munkánk fókuszában a transzlingválás elmélete (García, 2009; García & Li, 2014) és egy, az elmélet alapján az elmúlt években Tiszavasváriban megvalósított nyelvpedagógiai program van. Előbb a gyakorló pedagógus perspektívájából mutatunk rá egyrészt az iskola és a család kapcsolatának, másrészt a fiatalok önképzésének és önszerveződésének fontosságára. Bemutatjuk, hogyan működhet ebben közre a pedagógus, és hogyan kapcsolódhat mindez a kétnyelvűséghez és a roma kulturális értékekhez. A szöveg záró fejezete bemutatja azokat a nyelvpedagógiai gondolatokat, amelyek a projekt mögött állnak. Az érvelés központi gondolata (García et al., 2021 nyomán), hogy a transzlingválás címszó mögött kirajzolódó pedagógiai hozzáállás a „nyelvi hátrányos helyzet” igen elterjedt koncepciójával való szakítást is jelenti.
Patriotic feat of sisters of Russian Orthodox Church Caucasian Diocese in Russo-Turkish War of 1877—1878 (on the example of Black Sea Mary Magdalene Women’s Desert)
Authors: Goncharov Vadim , Kolosova Olga , Nemashkalov Pavel , Novikova Oksana , Tronina Larisa
Published: May 2024

Using the example of the oldest convent of the Caucasian (Stavropol) diocese, the article reveals one of the forms of charitable activity of the Russian Orthodox Church, which was associated with the spiritual and moral feat of women who devoted themselves and their lives to the service of God. Russian women’s participation in the organization of assistance to the Russian army participating in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878, which became one of the most difficult wars of the second half of the 19th century, is investigated. Some aspects of the organization of training and activities of nuns and novices as sisters of mercy of the Red Cross are being studied.
Timur’s struggle with Toktamysh and his supporters in the North Caucasus (1385—1396)
Authors: Sabanchiev Khadzhi-Murat
Published: May 2024

The nature of the relationship between Timur and Toktamysh is considered. It is shown how great power goals have turned friends into irreconcilable enemies. The course and results of the main battles between the armies of the emir and the khan are traced. The reasons and goals of Timur’s campaigns in the North Caucasus are noted. The heroic struggle of the Alans, Circassians and other defenders of their native land is shown. The consequences of Timur’s campaigns against the Golden Horde and the North Caucasus are analyzed.
M.V. Goppius (1875—1961): personality and power
Authors: Shaveleva Marina , Kuznetsova Natalya
Published: May 2024

M.V. Goppius (1870-1961) was a teacher by training, and the member of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party of the Bolsheviks since 1904. In 1899-1919 she was living in Arzamas, leading a local revolutionary club. On April, 4th (17th) in her apartment there was a meeting of social-democrats’ group which established the party organisation of the Bolsheviks in Arzamas.At that meeting Goppius was elected as the secretary of the committee. After October 1917 she remained at party and soviet work in Arzamas, later she was managing the propaganda department in the Nizhny Novgorod governorate committee of the party. After moving to Moscow she got a job in the sphere of education. At present one of the streets in Arzamas is called after M.V Goppius.
ANATOMICAL CLASSIFICATION OF INCOMPETENT CALF PERFORATOR VEINS; ULTRASOUND ANALYSIS OF OVER 14,000 INDIVIDUAL VESSELS.
Authors: Price Barrie Anthony , Fernandez-Hart Tim J , Harrison Charmaine C , Holdstock Judith , Whiteley Mark Steven
Published: May 2024

IntroductionThe role of incompetent perforator veins (IPV) in venous pathology is controversial. It is generally accepted that they have a clinically significant impact in CEAP 6 cases as discussed by John Homans over a century ago. Previous studies of their anatomical distribution in the calf have been limited to cadaveric or clinical dissection and radiological imaging.MethodsWe present a large body of data and statistical analysis regarding the anatomical positions of calf IPV gathered over 19 years in a database maintained in a private vein clinic. This database contains 14,038 recorded individual IPV positions from 4531 patients. IPV positions were measured longitudinally in centimetres (cm) proximally from the medial or lateral malleoli. Transverse measurements were taken from the anterior tibial crest to produce a coordinate location for each IPV. These were then plotted to identify any visual clustering. These major clusters were then analysed using a density-based clustering algorithm OPTICS, to establish any specific, identifiable sub-clusters of IPVs.ResultsThe total number of individual patients was 4531. 960 were males and 3571 were female. There were 14,038 IPVs in 7108 limbs. Four major clusters were identified; medial, posteromedial, lateral and anterolateral. Further subdivision of these homogeneous groupings using the OPTICS algorithm failed to produce any evidence of sub-cluster separation.DiscussionThis study suggests that IPV locations in the calf are more widespread and homogeneous than traditionally accepted. Eponymous names do not appear valid and a new nomenclature is suggested.
Intergenerational Storytelling and Positive Psychosocial Development: Stories as Developmental Resources for Marginalized Groups
Authors: Weststrate Nic M. , McLean Kate C. , Fivush Robyn
Published: May 2024

We articulate an intergenerational model of positive psychosocial development that centers storytelling in an ecological framework and is motivated by an orientation towards social justice. We bring together diverse literatures (e.g., racial-ethnic socialization, family storytelling, narrative psychology) to argue that the intergenerational transmission of stories about one’s group is equally important for elders and youth, and especially important for groups who are marginalized, because stories provide a developmental resource for resistance and resilience in the face of injustice. We describe how storytelling activities can support positive psychosocial development in culturally dynamic contexts and illustrate our model with a case study involving LGBTQ+ communities, arguing that intergenerational storytelling is uniquely important for this group given issues of access to stories. We argue that harnessing the power of intergenerational storytelling could provide a culturally safe and sustaining practice for fostering psychosocial development among LGBTQ+ people and other equity-seeking populations.
Intentional commitment as a spontaneous presentation of self
Authors: Cheng Shaozhe , Zhu Jingyin , Zhou Jifan , shen mowed , Gao Tao
Published: May 2024

Commitment is a defining feature of human rationality. This study explores a social origin of spontaneous intentional commitment, assuming commitment in individual decision-making arises from an internalized self-presentation, transferring the audience of commitment from a real partner to an inner eye perspective. To test this "social inner eye" hypothesis, we exposed participants to different social contexts while maintaining the individual nature of the task. Across three experiments, we found that (a) individuals consistently showed stronger commitment when acting in front of others, (b) different social contexts had different impacts on the process of commitment formation, with the mere outside observer accelerating commitment, while a parallel player delays it, (c) participants spontaneously coordinated their intentions to avoid conflicts when playing with another parallel player, despite no coordination was required. Taken together, we demonstrated how social context influences the strength, content, and timing of individual commitment. These findings align with the perspective that individual commitment has a social origin. They also contribute to an understanding of why commitment is universally valued across cultures and is seen as a virtue rather than a weakness in human decision-making.
The Effect of Transcranial Random Noise Stimulation (tRNS) over Bilateral Parietal Cortex in Visual Cross-Modal Conflict
Authors: jiahong Cui
Published: May 2024

Background: Visual cross-modal conflict impairs performance in auditory working memory tasks, and the bilateral inferior parietal cortex (IPC) plays a pivotal role in inhibiting this conflict. However, fewer studies have investigated the role of bilateral IPC in visual cross-modal conflict with semantic and non-semantic distractors. Transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) is a relatively new and effective neurostimulation technique for exploring underlying neural mechanisms in cognitive processes by modulating brain excitability. Objective: This study primarily utilized high-frequency tRNS (hf-tRNS) over the bilateral IPC to investigate the potential involvement of the parietal cortex in semantic and non-semantic visual cross-modal conflict. Methods: In a double-blind, sham-controlled, parallel-group design, 42 healthy individuals received sham or tRNS stimulation over the bilateral IPC. Throughout the baseline, online, and offline phases, participants underwent the Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) in two visual conflict conditions (with non-semantic distractor and with semantic distractor). Simultaneously, we assessed behavioral parameters (accuracy and reaction time) in each phase.Results: During online and offline phases, bilateral IPC hf-tRNS significantly enhanced task accuracy in visual cross-modal semantic conflict and reduced task reaction time in non-semantic conflict condition.Conclusion: These results demonstrated that bilateral IPC hf-tRNS could markedly improve the two visual cross-modal conflicts inhibiting, and its effectiveness depended on the types of conflict. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms of the bilateral IPC in modulating visual cross-modal conflict.
The Effect of Source Reliability and Information Credibility on Judgments of Information Quality in Intelligence Analysis
Authors: Kelly Megan O. , Budescu David , Dhami Mandeep K , Mandel David R.
Published: May 2024

The quality of information that informs decisions in expert domains such as law enforcement and national security often requires assessment based on meta-informational cues such as source reliability and information credibility. Across two experiments with intelligence analysts (n = 74) and non-experts (n = 175), participants rated the accuracy, informativeness, trustworthiness and usefulness of information varying in source reliability and information credibility conveyed using the Admiralty Code, an information evaluation system widely used in the defence and security domain since the 1940s. Accuracy, informativeness, and likelihood of use were elicited as repeated measures to examine intra-individual reliability. Across experiments, intra-individual reliability was higher when levels of source reliability and information credibility were the same compared to when opposing (one low, one high). In Experiment 2, unreliability was associated with worse performance on the Cognitive Reflection Test. Results also show that trustworthiness ratings were more dependent on source reliability than information credibility. Finally, the likelihood of using information was consistently predicted by accuracy ratings, and not by judged informativeness or trustworthiness. Where possible, samples were diverse in their demographics. The current findings call into question the ability of experts and novices to use information evaluation systems reliably.
Uncertainty reduction as an alternative explanation of historical myths
Authors: Grüning David Joachim , Krueger Joachim Israel
Published: May 2024

We agree with Sijilmassi and colleagues that historical myths are a tool for coalition recruitment. We argue, however, that a close fit between an evolved entity and an identified function does not imply that the latter is the critical evolutionary trigger. We also propose an alternative individual-centric explanation: Historical myths reduce uncertainty by providing cognitive and behavioral guidance.
Privacy Preserving Machine Learning Algorithms Using Local Information Privacy
Authors: Tera Terry , Kelvin Kelly , Tobiloba Bamigboye
Published: May 2024

In today's data-driven world, the convergence of advanced machine learning techniques withprivacy concerns has prompted the development of innovative approaches to safeguard sensitiveinformation while harnessing the power of data analytics. This research article delves into therealm of privacy-preserving machine learning algorithms, specifically focusing onmethodologies that embrace the concept of local information privacy. The abstract provides asuccinct overview of the key themes, methodologies, and implications elucidated within thepaper.The abstract begins by contextualizing the contemporary landscape, emphasizing theproliferation of big data and the attendant privacy challenges it poses. It highlights the dichotomybetween the utility of machine learning algorithms and the imperative of preserving individuals'privacy, setting the stage for exploring novel solutions.Central to the abstract is the conceptual framework of local information privacy, which forms thecornerstone of privacy-preserving machine learning algorithms discussed in the paper. Theabstract delineates the theoretical foundations of this framework, elucidating how decentralizedcomputation and differential privacy principles contribute to safeguarding sensitive data.Moving beyond theoretical underpinnings, the abstract provides insights into the methodologiesemployed in privacy-preserving machine learning. It outlines diverse approaches such asfederated learning, secure multi-party computation, and homomorphic encryption, showcasingtheir utility in mitigating privacy risks while enabling collaborative model training and inference.Furthermore, the abstract underscores the practical implications of adopting privacy-preservingmachine learning algorithms leveraging local information privacy. It cites examples acrossvarious sectors, including healthcare, finance, and IoT, where decentralized learning frameworksempower organizations to derive actionable insights from data while upholding privacyregulations and ethical standards.The abstract concludes by delineating potential avenues for future research and development inthe field. It emphasizes the importance of scalability, efficiency, and robustness inprivacy-preserving techniques, calling for interdisciplinary collaborations to address emergingchallenges and navigate regulatory landscapes effectively.The abstract encapsulates the essence of the research article, providing a concise yetcomprehensive overview of privacy-preserving machine learning algorithms using localinformation privacy. It serves as a gateway for readers to delve deeper into the nuances of thetopic while highlighting its significance in addressing contemporary privacy challenges in the eraof big data and advanced analytics.
Puberty interacts with sleep and brain network organization to predict mental health
Authors: Mitchell Mackenzie Elizabeth , Nugiel Tehila
Published: May 2024

Along with pubertal development, the transition to adolescence brings about increased risk for sleep disturbances and mental health problems. Functional connectivity of overlapping large-scale brain networks, such as increased connectivity between the default mode and dorsal attention networks, has been reported to relate to both sleep and mental health problems. Clarifying whether pubertal development interacts with sleep disturbances and functional brain networks to predict mental health can provide information to improve the timing and design of interventions targeting sleep disturbances in adolescents. Here we harness a large sample of children aged 10-14 years from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (N ~ 3,000-10,000) to examine how pubertal status and tempo relate to sleep disturbances and shape the relationship between sleep disturbances and mental health problems. We used graph theoretical tools to probe how pubertal development concurrently interacts with sleep disturbances and brain network organization to predict mental health problems. We found that advanced pubertal status, but not pubertal tempo, predicted sleep disturbances; however, both pubertal status and tempo interact with sleep disturbances to predict mental health and engage in three-way interactions with sleep and brain network organization to predict mental health problems. Overall, this work suggests that less advanced pubertal status and slower tempo are risk factors for the strongest links between sleep disturbances, brain organization, and mental health problems. Further, our findings speak to the importance of accounting for interactions in the constellation of factors that surround complex behavioral and clinical syndromes, here internalizing and externalizing disorders, and provides new context to consider for targeted interventions.
Storm over the Multinationals: Problems and Prospects
Authors: Vernon Raymond
Published: May 2024

Not Available.
Investment, Profitability and Stock of Foodgrains in India
Authors: Goel Veena
Published: May 2024

Not Available.
Economic Prospects of Cross-Border Electricity Trade Between Nepal and India
Authors: Dangal Dil Nath , Chapagai Shiva Dutta , Ghimire Krishna Prasad
Published: May 2024

This study focuses on exploring the economic opportunities and potential challenges of cross-border electricity trade between Nepal and India. The main focus is on the transmission infrastructure, economic prospects, regulatory frameworks, and challenges involved. The study was conducted through secondary data analysis and descriptive research methods, to explore the strategic importance of electricity trade for Nepal, considering its abundant hydropower potential and geographical advantages. The existing transmission lines, infrastructure, and the role of private sector involvement in facilitating trade were examined. Moreover, the study discussed the seasonal demand variations between the two countries and the regulatory hurdles that need to be addressed for successful trade implementation. The finding highlights the potential economic benefits of electricity trade and emphasizes the need for clear guidelines, infrastructure development, and effective cooperation to overcome challenges and maximize trade’s positive impacts on economic growth and trade balance between India and Nepal.
Prospects and Challenges of ELT at a Glance
Authors: Khadka Kabita
Published: May 2024

English has been utilized for more than 150 years as the primary language of instruction, evaluation system, and subject matter to be taught and learned, or both, covering a broad variety of subjects from early childhood to higher education (Khadka, 2022). This paper uses the qualitative method, relying on secondary sources of data. An overview of teaching English in Nepal is provided in this article. It makes an effort to investigate how teaching and learning languages are situational. The study aims to discuss Nepal's ELT paradigm shift along with societal inequality and disparity, which lead to difficulties in English language instruction in Nepal. How an English language education practitioner would address those challenges is covered in the paper's conclusion.
Hermeneutic Phenomenological Study of Nepalese Migrant Worker's Families from Communication Perspective
Authors: Acharya Trishna
Published: May 2024

This research study is conducted to explore the role of intrapersonal communication on human development of international migrant workers' left behind family (IMWLF). It considers these left behind families to have difficult life conditions due to the separation with their family members. It includes the experience of migrant workers' left behind son, daughter and spouses. Study has explored the variation in qualitative experience in this life condition due to their gender identity. Major focus is on human physiological, psychological, emotional, cognitive, intellectual and spiritual development. Hermeneutic phenomenological qualitative study is conducted through an in-depth interview of 4 participants from international migrant workers' left behind families based on interpretive research philosophy in a cross-sectional time frame on inductive approach. Inductive approach is implied to see the individual development within a wider area of human development. Major finding of this study is that family separation caused by migrant working has highly impacted their human development in various spheres as in studied variables such as physiological, psychological, emotional, cognitive, intellectual and spiritual level. Positive intrapersonal communication skills enhancement is explored as needed for intervention for the qualitative human development of these research participants in specific and in general of international migrant workers left behind families in Nepal.
कक्षा तीनका कथाका मूलपाठमा प्रयुक्त शव्दहरूको सान्दर्भिकता
Authors: भट्टराई Bhattarai तीर्थराज Tirtharaj
Published: May 2024

नेपाली भाषा सिक्ने विद्यार्थीहरू मातृभाषी र विमातृभाषी दुवै भाषिक परिवेशबाट आउने भएकाले शव्दभण्डार चयनमा भाषापाठ्यपुस्तक सम्पादकले सजग हुनुपर्छ । सामुदायिक विद्यालयका कक्षा ३ मा पठनपाठन हुने अनिवार्य नेपाली भाषापाठ्यपुस्तकका २ ओटा कथाका शव्दलाई सोद्देश्यमूलक नमुना छनोट र अवलोकन विधिका माध्यमबाट सामग्री सङ्कलन गरी प्राप्त भएका २५९ शव्दलाई कालक्रम, वितरणात्मक अवस्था, वाक्यात्मक कार्य, व्युत्पादन, रुपतात्विकता र शव्दस्रोतका आधारमा वर्गीकरण गरिएको छ । नेपाली भाषा संस्कृत भाषाबाटै विकसित भएको तथा तत्सम र आगन्तुक वर्गभित्र नपरेका नेपाली भाषाका ठेट शव्दको स्रोत तद्भव हुनसक्ने सम्भावना रहेकाले तत्सम, तद्भव र नेपाली भाषाका ठेटशव्दलाई पनि मौलिक वर्गभित्रै राखिएको छ । आगन्तुक वर्गमा फारसी स्रोतका ४ र अरवी स्रोतका ४ र हिन्दी स्रोतको १ गरी जम्मा ९ वटा शव्दप्रयोग भएका छन् । लोककथा र नीतिकथाको छनोटले आगन्तुक शव्द स्रोतलाई प्रभाव पारेको देखिन्छ । द्विव्युत्पन्न शव्द र संयुक्त क्रियाको प्रयोग भने कक्षाको स्तरभन्दामाथि देखिन्छ । यस अध्ययनले शव्दनिर्माण प्रक्रिया, स्रोत पहिचान, पदवर्ग पहिचानसम्बन्धी अध्ययन गर्ने अध्येता; भाषापाठ्यपुस्तक लेखक तथा सम्पादक; भाषा शिक्षण कार्यमा संलग्न शिक्षक तथा विद्यार्थी वर्गलाई सहयोग पुग्न सक्छ ।
Public Procurement And Project Management At Transitional Context : Analysis Of Single Source Contracting Practices
Authors: Bhatta Jayendra Prasad , Sain Manoj
Published: May 2024

Procurement of goods, works and services are considered as key functions of every government to achieve their development strategy goals which consumes the large amount of national GDP and annual budget. Public procurement shall be carried out in a transparent, accountable, effective, competitive and efficient manners with high level of integrity. Procurement and contracting operations using single-source or direct contracting method (an alternative to competitive options) creates a lot of controversies. The aim of this study is to explore the issues and practices of single source procurement and contracting methods, their justifications and impact on the project performance and sustainability. Adopting the mixed approach of qualitative and content analysis techniques; case study of conflict effected nations is conducted. For this purpose, a systematic literature review (SLR) of 15 conflict affected nations in Asia is carried out and case study of Timor-Leste located in East-Asia and Nepal located in South-Asia is conducted on the basis of research purposive approach. Similarly, a group discussion, preliminary interviews and in-depth interviews are also conducted involving project stake holders and then simple triangulation approach is applied for verification and validation purpose. Findings from in-depth interviews of 30 experienced participants, 5 group discussions and 10 preliminary interviews are included in this research paper. The participants have identified 15 key factors those are responsible for single-source contracting decisions like poor institutional capacity, political interference, corruption motives, weak private sector competition, decision delays, collusions among bidders, emergency situations and others. Identified consequences of direct contracting methods are delivery of goods and services in poor quality, cost overrun, promote corruption, social conflict, injustice, political instability including overall projects performance. It is expected that the findings of this research will contribute to a better understanding towards proper application of the available competitive methods of public procurement and contracting operations rather than selecting the non-competitive choices.
"Confusion Of Life" In Few Late Poems Of Sylvia Plath
Authors: Sharma Til Kumari , Yadav Uma Shankar
Published: May 2024

This article has endeoureved to show the confusion of life in the few poems of Sylvia Plath. Her late poems have shown the pessimistic life and the hopeless situation. Sylvia Plath as the notable author of America has presented the woman confusion in society with restriction of father and husband. Her keen interest in art has built her the immense figure of American literature. She is well known figure of American literature after World War Second. Her historical background shows the bafflement of life. Her family movement to another place of America after the death of her father shows the economic crisis of life. Her scholarship has helped her to join in Smith College. She had finished her B.A when she married to Ted Hughes. Her deep love to Ted Hughes brings the confusion in life that has invited death with suicide. Anyway, this article clearly depicts the life and barriers of human destiny. The faithless husband makes her life unhappy and sad. This article has maintained the pain and suffering of Plath. The Post War Period in which people loss hope and aspiration to live the life is shown in this research paper. Her later poems show the total meaningless life and her desire to do suicide. Sylvia Plath has been suffered by male society in which she is tortured by father and husband. The restriction by father and husband is shown in her poem Daddy. She has demonstrated the extreme hard life in her late poems Lady Lazarus and Daddy. She was really pessimistic figure in America and she became more famous after her death. Daddy and Lady Lazarus were published after her death. These poems are composed after the separation with her husband.
Dharma In Vedanta And The Dhammapada
Authors: Gurung Antim
Published: May 2024

This paper explores the parallel yet distinct journeys undertaken by Vedanta and the Dhammapada, two profound spiritual traditions rooted in the ancient wisdom of the Bhagavadgita. While their footsteps echo with similarities, a nuanced examination reveals a seemingly divergent trajectory that ultimately converges to crystallize a shared understanding of genuine truth. The Dhammapada, through its profound teachings, enriches the facets of truth, weaving a narrative that complements and strengthens the spiritual evolution outlined in Vedanta. The echoes of Vedantic principles resonate within the spiritual discourse of the Dhammapada, particularly emphasizing the non-dissipation of spiritual essence as expounded in the Bhagavadgita. Central to both traditions is the exploration of cosmopolitanism and the cultivation of nobility in action, untethered by attachments and desires. This exploration transcends the mundane, transforming the seeker from an earthly and material existence into a cosmic being. The thesis contends that, far from leading the seeker astray, this pathfinding virtue liberates one from the shackles of earthly tribulations, allowing the emergence of a broader perspective. The paper theorizes that the mesmerizing words from the Dhammapada and the Bhagavadgita jointly pave a transcendent path, enchanting humanity throughout time. This path, marked by the integration of diverse philosophical tenets, embodies an enduring quest for truth and unity, resonating as a timeless guide for navigating the complexities of human existence.
Effect of untreated and stabilized dairy effluent applications on soil fertility and associated health risks
Authors: Illarze Gabriela , Del Pino Amabelia , Azzíz Gastón , Irisarri Pilar
Published: May 2024

The intensification of dairy production in Uruguay generates increasing volumes of organic waste that are difficult to handle and may entail health risks. Irrigation with farm dairy effluents (DE) is a recommended agricultural practice to improve soil fertility. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the application of raw (RDE) and two-lagoon stabilized effluents (LDE), urea fertilization, or non-amendment to Festuca arundinacea on soil and plant nutrient content, as well as pathogenic bacterial indicators and persistence of antimicrobial resistance genes. In a greenhouse trial, four seasonal applications were made with a total dose equivalent to 200 kg N ha-1. Soil Na content increased after DE applications. There was no increase in the nutrient content of tall fescue caused by DE applications. The persistence of E. coli was low but still detected in soil receiving RDE. Beta-lactam genes blaTEM and blaOXA were detected in both DE, being highest in LDE. However, they were not detected in the soil. DE applications demonstrated effects comparable to those of control and urea fertilization on tall fescue biomass and nutrient content, and slightly altered the soil's chemical status. LDE reduced pathogenic bacteria load to the soil, underlining the safety of its application.
El neopopulismo en México
Authors: Olvera Alberto J.
Published: May 2024

Como se ha indicado en este libro, el populismo no es una etapa histórica ni designa un solo modelo de la política, sea democrática o protoautoritaria. Solo tiene sentido hablar de populismo para pensar regímenes transicionales híbridos, que se mueven entre la democracia y el autoritarismo, y cuyo desenlace depende de cómo se desarrollen los conflictos sociales, de las decisiones del líder y de la configuración del sistema político, en especial, de la fuerza relativa de las instituciones democráticas.
Populismo y autoritarismo
Authors: De la Torre Carlos
Published: May 2024

Este capítulo se centra en dos debates sobre la relación del populismo con el autoritarismo. El primero aborda al populismo como un tipo sui generis de autoritarismo relacionado con el fascismo pero diferente de este. Al comparar a Benito Mussolini con Juan Perón algunos académicos argumentaron que el nacional–populismo fue un tipo diferente de régimen autocrático debido a su base social, al papel de las elecciones como fuente de legitimidad y restringir la violencia a la retórica. Después de que políticos radicales de derecha ganaran elecciones nacionales en Estados Unidos, Brasil, Argentina, y del fortalecimiento de partidos como la Rassemblement National, Vox y otros, los debates sobre la relación del populismo con el fascismo regresaron con fuerza. ¿Cuál es la mejor manera de caracterizar a los políticos radicales de derecha? ¿Son populistas o fascistas?
النوستالجيا الأندلسية: مقاربة في حفريات المصطلح وتمظهرات الأنا في مرآة ماضيها
Authors: المكي سعد الله
Published: May 2024

تمكّن الوجود العربي في شبه الجزيرة الإيبيرية، من صناعة وبناء حضارة إنسانية شاملة، جمعت بين المدنية المادية والقيم السامية، سواء تعلَّق الأمر باحترام الخصوصيات الثقافية، أو السماح بحرية الإبداع والمعتقد. وقد تمخّضَ عن خروجهم من الأندلس صدعٌ كبير في الثقافة العربية، يستدعي المراجعة والتصويب، والتصحيح؛ باعتباره نكسة حضارية فارقة، أعادت الحضارة العربية إلى البدائية وأزمنة الهزيمة. ونشأ عن هذا الانكسار شعور قويّ يُمكن نعته بالنوستالجيا الأندلسية أو ألم الشوق إلى الأندلس. وهو عبارة عن حنين قومي وذاتي إلى البيئة الأندلسية وفضاءاتها، ولم تتمكن الذَّات العربية من التخلص من هذه المشاعر التي تجمعها بأمجاد الماضي وعطائه الحضاري. وتوارثت أجيال على اختلاف أعمارها ومشاربها الفكرية وأيديولوجياتها السياسية وانتماءاتها القومية والمذهبية حب الأندلس، فباتت تتغنى به رغم مرور الأزمنة واختلاف الظروف والملابسات. فتحوّلت الرحلة إلى الأندلس من فضاء للتسوق والسياحة، إلى رثاء للمدن، وبكاء على ماضٍ عتيق، جمع بين العلم والأدب والفن، وبلغت تأثيراته الكون والإنسانية قاطبة، وكانت شهادات مستشرقي الغرب أنفسهم دليلًا مقنعًا على فاعلية هذه الحضارة، بمنجزاتها التي لا تزال قائمةً وشاهدةً على ذلك إلى يومنا هذا.
مفهوم المؤسسة الشمولية عند إرفنغ غوفمان: السلطة، الإماتة والمقاومة
Authors: الطاهري فاروق
Published: May 2024

يحظى مفهوم المؤسسة الشمولية في أبحاث إرفنغ غوفمان بأهمية كبيرة، لكن لا نجد لهذا المفهوم المهم الحضور الذي يستحقه في الأدبيات العربية المنشورة، خصوصًا الدراسات المتعلقة بالمؤسسات؛ ذلك أن غوفمان يقدّم إطارًا نظريًا بالغ الأهمية من أجل تحليل عدد من المؤسسات الحديثة التي يعتقد أن لها الطبيعة نفسها، والأثر نفسه، المتمثلَين في إماتة الفرد اجتماعيًا وجعله طيّعًا. وفي هذا السياق، تحاول هذه الدراسة مقاربة مفهوم المؤسسة الشمولية سواء في حضورها الأصلي مع غوفمان، أو النصوص اللاحقة التي انتقدت المفهوم وطورته. وتهدف الدراسة إلى فهم طبيعة المؤسسة الشمولية، وأشكال السلطة فيها، والكيفية التي تتحقق فيها الإماتة، من دون أن تغفل فعالية الفرد في مقاومة هذه السيرورة.
حالة الاستثناء والإنسان المستباح عند جورجيو أغامبين
Authors: محمد الهادي العمري
Published: May 2024

تبحث هذه الدراسة في مصطلح "الإنسان المستباح" أو "المنبوذ" Homo Sacer وعلاقته بحالات الاستثناء عند جورجيو أغامبين، والنظر في تحولاته من اللاهوت إلى السياسة، وارتحالاته من القانون الروماني القديم إلى تجليات صوره اليوم، من خلال التقصّي والبحث الاستكشافي لطائفة من المفاهيم السياسية المجاورة لهذا المصطلح، من قبيل السلطة السيادية والقانون والبيوسياسة وحالة الاستثناء والحياة العارية. إن مفهوم "الإنسان المستباح"، وإنْ تعددت معانيه، فإن تأويله وفق سياقات جديدة، وتفكيك حمولته الرمزية التي ينطوي عليها وتوسيعها دلاليًا ومنهجيًا، من شأنه أن يمنحنا عُدَدًا لقراءة مغايرة لراهن التحديث السياسي، الذي أدرج حياة الإنسان داخل سياسة عنيفة لدولة تبسط سيادتها على الحياة والموت، عبر حالات الاستثناء التي تُنتج الحياة العارية لإنسان مستباحٍ، ومنبوذٍ، ومستبعَدٍ من أي ممارسة سياسية واجتماعية باسم القانون. لذلك تركز هذه الدراسة على النزاع النظري بين التبرير القانوني لحالات الاستثناء، كما نجدها عند كارل شميت، والتباسها وغموضها وتداعيات توظيفها في الدولة، بشكليها الاستبدادي والديمقراطي عند أغامبين. وتتجلى راهنية هذا المشكل في أن حالة الاستثناء لم تعد مؤقتة، بل تحولت إلى حالة دائمة أو قاعدة قانونية في أغلب النظم السياسية المعاصرة.
Two perspectives on generative AI now
Authors: Samuels Boba
Published: May 2024

Two recently published books present perspectives on the impact of generative Artificial Intelligence on writing. Baron’s book attempts to discuss the question of how we might maintain distinctions between the writing done by humans versus that done by genAI, while Tenen’s book takes a historical view of the use of technologies in writing and what that implies for writers currently.
Investigation on the population dynamics of Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus and its relationship with soil factors in tomato fields
Authors: GELDENHUYS GAVIN
Published: May 2024

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the premier vegetables in the world and is widely cultivated globally. As it is a relatively short-duration crop with a high yield, it is economically attractive, and the area under cultivation is increasing. Plant-parasitic nematodes are some of the most important plant pathogens in tomato farms. Helicotylenchus pseudorobustus is one of the most important plant-parasitic nematodes in tomato fields. Therefore, understanding the population dynamics of H. pseudorobustus on the tomato field assists the farmer in managing them and having better yields. In this study, the soil was sampled in 2022. Identification and determination of nematodes were made in the Aquaculture Research Unit, University of Limpopo. The properties of soils infected with this nematode, including pH and EC, were investigated during the investigation of this nematode in the Dalmatia region. The population of H. pseudorobustus was counted in 100 grams of soil in each season, and soil characteristics were also analyzed at the same time. The results in different seasons of the year showed that the range of pH changes during the years of investigation was between 7.5 and 7.7, and the range of EC changes was between 1.3 and 2.0 dS/m. A comparison of EC and pH changes with population changes showed that the population increased approximately in the months when soil salinity decreased. In addition, as the pH increases, the population of H. pseudorobustus also increases. However, no significant relationship was found between the values of pH, EC, and changes in the population of H. pseudorobustus nematode throughout the year.