bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Speed Control of the Direct Current Servomotor and the Stepper Motor with Arduino UNO Platform
Authors: Darie E , Pécsi R , Culcea M
Published: May 2021

Servomotors are special direct current or alternating current electric machines which have an adjustable rotational speed in a wide range, in both directions and which aim at moving a mechanical system along a trajectory in a prescribed time. Servomotors are used in various applications: robotics, machine tools with numerical control, aerospace technology, medical installations and others. Stepper motors are special synchronous machines that have a different construction than the classic one and are used in precision drive systems, with open loop such as: aircraft on-board equipment, timing and recording systems, electronics, office equipment, robotics industrial, etc. This paper experiences the speed control of a direct current servomotor, type SM-S2309S, with the help of the Arduino UNO platform, which is the simplest solution for the development of electronic applications. The study experiences also speed and step control of a stepper motor, type 28BYJ-48, with the Arduino UNO platform.
nZEB into the existing building fund as an affordable solution
Authors: Măgurean Ancuţa Maria
Published: May 2021

A holistic approach with high level of replicability and financial feasibility for the public existing fund of buildings is undertaken, in order to transform existent public buildings, that are serving communities, into nearly Zero Energy Buildings. Finding large scale solutions from both technical and financial point of view, to reduce energy consumptions and CO2 emissions for the existent building fund represents at this point a major challenge for all stakeholders. Several existent educational units (kindergartens, schools, high schools) from a city in Romania were analysed, in order to improve their energy efficiency and to transform the typical existent educational unit into nZEB. A framework package of technical solutions is proposed and the effect of its implementation is analysed, in terms of energy consumptions and CO2 emissions reductions. Economic analysis is undertaken, to identify the feasibility of the nZEB concept implementation. An alternative approach is analysed for public authorities, in order to transform groups of existent buildings, which are serving communities, into nZEB.
Identification of Key Performance Indicators related to the implementation of a hybrid energy supply system based on renewable energy sources
Authors: Tuţică D , Sandu M R , Pătraşcu R , Ionescu C
Published: May 2021

Complex energy systems need to evaluate their performance through the achievement of its own objectives but also by comparison with best practices. This can be realized by identifying the key performance indicators (KPI) that clearly monitor the progress towards project goals. The work focuses mainly on the identification and categorisation of KPIs through a quantitative approach for the case of implementation of a hybrid energy supply system into the existing district heating network of University Politehnica of Bucharest. The main results of the study show that two levels of KPI can be defined: technology specific and overall DHC system. If on the technology level, the approach is to use the specifics standards already existing for the main technologies, for the system level, little information is available and consequentially, a method for calculating separately the cooling and heating impact in terms of energy, environment, and economy is proposed.
Mixing Flow Characteristics in cylindrical tank
Authors: Danca P A , Băbuţanu C A , Bunea F , Nedelcu A
Published: May 2021

The characterization of the flow from mixing tanks equipped with different impeller models is used for optimizing mixing of working fluids. In this paper is presented a study on flow characteristic of two types of impeller immersed in a tank at different depths and with different rotational speed. Using PIV technique flow distributions for several mixing configurations are obtained. The experiment can be used to determine the still zones in the mixing tank and for the optimization of the mixing parameters.
Dynamic parameters of a RC building extracted from earthquake data using the Random Decrement Technique
Authors: Tiganescu Alexandru , Craifaleanu Iolanda Gabriela , Balan Stefan Florin
Published: May 2021

The paper presents results from a study on monitoring the long-term variation of the dynamic characteristics of an 11-story reinforced concrete building located near Bucharest. Since the deployment, in December 2013, of a permanent monitoring system, 89 seismic events with a moment-magnitude (MW) larger than 3.8 were reported. Out of these, 80 were recorded properly by the seismic sensors and the data was used to extract the fundamental frequency and the damping ratio of the building for each event. The main method used to compute the dynamic parameters was the Random Decrement Technique. A dependency of the resulting fundamental frequencies on the maximum accelerations at the base and on top of the building was observed. Due to the structural peculiarities, the fundamental frequency of the building on the transverse direction was lower than the one on the longitudinal direction, this being reflected also by the experimental results. The maximum drop in the fundamental frequency was reported for the MW=5.5 October 28th, 2018 seismic event. By performing this type of analyses, the dynamic parameters of buildings can be tracked over long periods of time and their variation under seismic excitation can be assessed, allowing rapid detection of structural health alterations.
The use of high-performance asphalt mixtures in heavy traffic road structures
Authors: Cristache A M , Răcănel C , Burlacu A
Published: May 2021

Asphalt mixtures are being used in road construction more and more, to the deficit of concrete surfaces. Due to the additives as well as the new technologies being used to obtain asphalt mixtures, the results are vastly improved which can lead to a better behavior in day to day situations, even under heavy traffic. This study means to show the way in which changing the binder influences the properties of the mixture. So, the chosen binder course, type BAD 22.4, will use different types of binder (bitumen), more specifically: a 50/70pen bitumen; a 50/70pen bitumen modified with flexible semi-rigid polymers and a PmB 45/80-65 bitumen, modified with polymers by crosslinking. The asphalt mixtures will be characterized by their volumetric properties, Marshall Characteristics and their behavior to dynamic tests. The results presented in the form of charts and tables were obtained in the Road Laboratory of the Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest. The conclusion that can be drawn is that depending on the type of binder used, the results obtained differ with a noted improvement of the resistance to permanent deformation and creep, in the mix which uses the binder modified with polymers by crosslinking technology.
Influence of the photosynthetic photon flux density value on microclimate in healing and acclimatization tunnels for vegetable seedlings
Authors: Dumitrescu I L , Ghiaus A-G
Published: May 2021

For seedlings production, healing and acclimatization are the most important processes in obtaining healthy and vigorous plants. Influence of photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) on a healing tunnel environmental parameters was investigated. The experiments were carried out at HORTING institute’s micro-production greenhouse using 9 alveolar trays with 104 eggplant seedlings each, placed in two sections of the specialized tunnels for healing and acclimatization of seedlings. In each section and in the research greenhouse was measured the levels of photosynthetic photon flux density, of temperature, of the relative humidity and the level of CO2 concentration. From the meteorological station of the HORTING institute, data on the variation of outdoor temperature, relative humidity and light intensity were downloaded. The variation of the micro-climate factors in the two sections according to their external environmental conditions were compared. One of the conclusions is that seedlings that have benefited from an additional artificial source of light have a more intense photosynthetic activity. The difference on CO2 concentration in the two sections over the same time period lead to this conclusion. This gives the certainty of obtaining healthy and vigorous plants in the sections with supplementary lighting.
Pancasila and Saving Lifestyle: a Case Study in Bina Nusantara University Jakarta Students
Authors: Witono P H , Prasojo A , Megawati C
Published: May 2021

The purposes of this research are to learn the construction of Pancasila as an applied paradigm in suggesting policies of fair economy for developing saving habits of students in Bina Nusantara University Jakarta. The economy of Indonesia has expected high growth in accordance with Pancasila, which is the value of Indonesian’s ideology such as religious values, culture, and norms that have been well-respected. This study used a qualitative descriptive method through interviews with ten millennial generation students. Data analysis techniques are using ‘contents analysis’ methods to explore and build meanings from the taken research data. Pancasila is the basic compass of the breath of economic movement. The values of Pancasila encourage to every citizen of the right to freedom of savings. The lifestyle of saving is one of the initial factors for economic growth in a society because it has social benefits. The family is the first place where the younger generation is formed. The results revealed that the role of parents, especially fathers, really took a role in financial character education in the family. Schools must also provide financial education to parents and students.
Mother’s Ecoliteracy in Maintenance Family Food Security in Rural Area
Authors: Nugraheni P L , Zulfa V , Hasanah U
Published: May 2021

Food security is a condition of fulfilling the needs of foods every household, which is reflected in the availability of adequate food, both quantity and quality, equitable, and affordable. As the main manager in the fulfillment of food and nutrition needs in the family, mothers must maintain family food security under any conditions. Through good environmental knowledge, it can become a mother’s capital in utilizing a home garden to be planted with local food crops. Utilization of the yard can not only fulfill family food and nutrition needs but also increase family income. This study explored the influence of the mother’s ecoliteracy in maintaining family food security. The sample consisted of 100 mothers in Segaran Village, Karawang District. The study method used was quantitative descriptive with survey techniques.The result of the analysis revealed the mother’s ecoliteracy has a significant correlation with a mother’s role in maintaining family food security with a determination coefficient of 20,2%. The results showed that the mother’s ecoliteracy in Segaran Village still had to be improved by counseling and training. It is hoped that the increase in the mother’s ecoliteracy can impact increasing family food security through the movement of utilizing a home garden.
The management of “ngettek” service (helping control the traffic) “sahabat baluran” in Situbondo district, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Masroni A I , Sumardi  , Soepeno B
Published: May 2021

“Ngettek” in Baluran forest is the one who helps to control the traffic when there is a traffic jam in Baluran forest by getting voluntary payment from the riders who pass the traffic. Today, people who work as “ngettek” have an organization named Sahabat Baluran, to manage “ngettek” services and to be a place for working as a form of legal corporation so that they work comfortably and safely to help traffic in Baluran forest. The aim of this study was to find out, to analyze, to apply the management of “ngettek” service (helping control the traffic) “Sahabat Baluran” in Situbondo district. The research method used was a descriptive qualitative method with a sampling technique. From this research, it was found that the existence of “ngettek” worker in Baluran forest make the riders in Baluran traffic feel comfortable and the management of “Ngettek” service make the “Ngettek” workers can be directed to know about planning, organizing, actuating and controlling during the work.
The Effectiveness of Critical Thinking Ability on the Basis of Quizizz Application Viewed from Problem Based Learning Model in History Learning of Senior High School
Authors: Nashar  , Nurhasanah A , Fauzan R
Published: May 2021

Problem based learning is a learning method that characterized by real problem that must be solved which triggers the learners to think critically to find a new knowledge. In accordance with this point, this study is aimed to identify the difference of critical thinking among the students through the application of quizizz in the experimental class with problem based learning model and students with interactive learning model. This study is also aimed to investigate the effect of problem based learning on the improvement of student critical thinking ability. The utilization of quizizz application to scrutinize the critical thinking ability of the students is toadapt the 4.0 education development where the students must be common with the use of technology for learning process. The method was quasi experiment with nonequivalent controlled group design. Based on the T Test to investigate the critical thinking of the students, it is known that tount score = 0.85 with α = 0.05. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of the problem based learning model is more effective in increasing students’ critical thinking skills when compared to the interactive learning model. The N-gain test revealed that tcount score = 4.90 with α = 0.05, it can be concluded that there was an improvement on the student critical thinking in the application of Quizizz.
Teacher Quality Gap In Elementary And Primary Schools
Authors: Sholihah M , Permatasari Y D , Zionis R M , Budianto N , Fadlillah
Published: May 2021

Indonesia has two kinds of schools for children age 7 - 13, which makes it different and unique from some other countries. Elementary school is a school that runs directly from the ministry of education, while primary school is run under by both the ministry of education and the ministry of religion. These two differences influence the quality of its education through the quality of its teachers which bring up “teacher gap”. There is a pretty huge gap between those two on teacher’s side, especially on teacher’s status which affects on their professionalism and teaching skills. The focus of this paper is to answer two main questions; 1) what is the quality gap on teachers in elementary and primary schools?; 2) how does it sustain inequality education to elementary and primary schools? Based on the collected data that was taken by observation, interview and documentation of this case showed that there are teachers here have a lot of differences related on their status which add up inequality on the school environment and education quality. The result of this study is expected to show the gap on teacher quality in elementary and primary schools by using a descriptive method.
Development of Maroon Mangrove Education Park (MMEP) in Supporting Mangrove Conservation in Coastal of Semarang City
Authors: Sidiq W A B N , Martuti N K T , Irsadi A , Mutiatari D P
Published: May 2021

Maroon Mangrove Education Park (MMEP) is a mangrove education site located in the Maroon Coastal of Semarang City. The development of MMEP as a mangrove education tour was carried out by the Mekar Tani Lindung mangrove farmer group (METAL) in 2016 on an area of 64.93 hectares with support from PT Phapros Tbk and. As a MMEP mangrove tourist destination has a variety of attractions such as diversity of mangrove species (12 species), tracking mangroves and some interesting photo spots with aircraft background from the adjoining Ahmad Yani Airport, so many visitors come especially on weekends that contribute to improving the manager’s economy and local society. In addition, the development of MMEP also has an impact on the sustainability of mangroves from planting activities both by the manager and the community in collaboration with various parties. Based on the results of monitoring of digital images of the globe in the region, it was seen that there was an increase in the area of mangroves in the period of 2014 - 2018 amounting to 3.5 hectares and experiencing an increase in the area back in 2020 of 0.05 hectares. The increase in mangrove area will certainly have an impact on improving the quality of the city of Semarang which has been damaged.
Identification of rocks based on rock’s structure in Blawan-Ijen, East Java, Indonesia
Authors: Astutik S , Nisa S L
Published: May 2021

Ijen Complex is the area that became part of Mount Ijen. In morphology, Ijen complex has Kendeng caldera the diameter of 14-16 km in the North whereas in the southern part of forming a row of mountains. The northern part of Mount Ijen as Blawan–Ijen is the area has the potential of geothermal. Blawan-Ijen becomes the gathering place for the volcanic materials since this region is a region which has low topography. Volcanic materials collected form a rock after experiencing cooling and in a long time. This research was conducted to identify the rocks in the area of Blawan–Ijen. The process starts with a sampling of rocks. Then the rocks are identified based on the structure of the manifest and differentiated according to the origin. Based on the identification process can be known that at Blawan-Ijen, found some sort of rock like a rock breksi, lava stones, silt stones, basalt stones, pumice stone and limestone. So it can be inferred that in Blawan-Ijen there are two types of rocks that is igneous and sedimentary rocks.
The analysis on implementing discovery learning-based learning instruments in improving students’ creative and innovative thinking skills in completing problem of simple multiplication by using jaritmatika
Authors: Triwahyuningtyas R , Dafik  , Prastiti T D
Published: May 2021

Innovative creative thinking skills play an important role in supporting students in solving mathematical concepts, especially simple multiplication operational problem withJarimatika. The researchers applied mixed methods with a sequential explanatory design. Research subjects were 28 students in the experimental class and 26 students in the control class. Data were collected through validation sheet, test, documentation, and prerequisite test. The research result indicated that after the implementation of Discovery Learning-based learning instruments, the percentage of students’ innovative creative thinking for the control class was 11.54% for the very creative innovative level, 69.23% for the innovative creative level, 19.23% for the enough innovative creative level, and 0% for less or not innovative creative level. While the experimental class far exceeds the control class, 39% for the very creative innovative level, 57% for the innovative creative level, 4% for the enough creative innovative level, and 0% for less or not innovative creative level. The independent sample t-test score from the post-test shows that there is a significant difference between the control class and the experimental class with a t-count value of -4,965 with a significance value of 0,000. The significance value is smaller than the α value (0.05). This shows that there is an average difference between the control class and the experimental class after receiving treatment (post-test). The negative sign on the t-value indicates that the average experimental class is higher than the control class. It can be concluded that the application of Discovery Learning-based learning instruments can improve elementary school students’ innovative creative thinking skills in solving simple multiplication operation problem withJaritmatika.
Application of central kalimantan coal ash as a sustainable construction material
Authors: Prasetia I , Syauqi M , Aini A S
Published: May 2021

The current study is related to laboratory investigations to utilize Central Kalimantan coal ash as a sustainable construction material, which is green paving blocks. For this purpose, coal ash from the Pulang Pisau coal-fired power plant, both in the form of fly ash and bottom ash, was used as an additional proportion of cement. The addition of fly ash was set at 10%, 20%, and 30%. Meanwhile, the addition of bottom ash was set at 5%. Water to binder ratio (w/b) was set at 0.45, and the curing times were set at 7, 28, and 56 days for all samples. Moreover, the sample’s compressive strength test was based on BS 6717:1986 regarding the precast concrete paving block. Based on the test results, it was proven that the addition of fly ash and bottom ash could increase the compressive strength of paving blocks. The highest compressive test results were obtained from the addition of 20% fly ash and 5% bottom ash (24.62) MPa at the age of 56 days. This result is 30% higher compared to the ordinary paving blocks test result. Furthermore, according to SNI 03-0691-1996, paving blocks with a compressive strength of 20 MPa until 40 MPa can be applied as parking lots pavements.
The community livelihoods strategy as a response to peat swamp forest ecosystem change and Covid-19 pandemic in Ogan Komering Ilir Regency, Indonesia
Authors: Ulya N A , Waluyo E A , Lestari S , Martin E
Published: May 2021

Pressure on peat swamp forests in Ogan Komering Ilir (OKI) Regency for timber extraction, agricultural land, oil palm plantations, and pulp and paper plantation forests cause degradation of peat swamp forest. Communities living around peat swamp forests in OKI Regency are affected by changes of peat swamp forests and Covid-19 pandemic. This study aimed to examine the livelihood strategies of communities around peat swamp forests due to degradation of peat swamp forests and Covid-19 pandemic. The sustainable livelihood analysis was used as an analytical framework in this study. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively qualitatively and quantitatively. The diversification strategy was appropriate to be implemented because it allows the community to achieve improved welfare and be sustainable under peat swamp forest ecosystem change and Covid-19 Pandemic. The diversification strategy also reduced community dependence on natural resource-based livelihoods. Increasing the quality and quantity of human, social, financial, and physical capital were enabling the diversification strategy.
Decomposition rate of some dominant tree species in Low montane forest of Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, West Java-Indonesia
Authors: Rahajoe J S , Susanti R , Simbolon H , Mansur M , Hidayat A , Shiodera S , Suzuki E , Kohyama T S
Published: May 2021

The research of decomposition rate ofAltingia excelsaNoroña, Schima wallichii(D.C.) Korth., Castanopsis acuminatissima(Bl.) A. DC., C. javanica(Bl.) A. DC., andQuercus lineataBlume was carried out in the low montane forest in Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, West Java. The aim of the research was to examine the decomposition rate of dominant species and their role in the nutrient cycling. The decomposition rate of those dominant species was carried out by using the litterbag methods. The highest decomposition rate was observed forQ. lineatafollowed byC. javanica,C. acuminatissima,S. wallichii,A. excelsaand the mixed litter in Cikaniki research station. Meanwhile, in the Wates plot, the highest rate was observed forC. acuminatissimafollowed byC. javanica,Q. lineata,S. wallichii,A. excelsaand the mixed litter. This research shows thatC. acuminatissimadecomposed faster compared to other dominant species due to their litter quality combination of high nitrogen and low lignin content. Carbon and nitrogen released pattern were almost similar for the five dominant species. Based on the decomposition rate and the nutrient released pattern, it showed that the high litter decomposition rate of dominant species contributed to the rapid nitrogen released.
Preliminary study on plant ecology in Tangkahan Area, Gunung Leuser National Park
Authors: Susanti R , Pratama BA , Rahmawati K , Suzuki E
Published: May 2021

Gunung Leuser National Park (NP) is the biggest NP in North Sumatra. Though very few plant ecological studies were conducted there. Most studies in Gunung Leuser NP are related with protected animals, such as Sumatran Tiger, Elephant or Orang Utan. Thus, the aim of this preliminary study is to understand the plant structure and composition in the tropical forest of Gunung Leuser National Park. A 0.5-ha plot was established near Gua Kambing, Tangkahan area in November 2015. All tree species bigger than 15 cm girth were recorded, measured, and identified. The dominant species were from Dipterocarpaceae, followed by Myrtaceae and Achariaceae. The total number of trees was 693 trees or 1,386 trees/ha with the total Basal area was 42.9m2/ha and the biggest diameter was 147cm. The results from diversity index analysis ((H’=4.43; D=0.97; α=75) confirm that the forest area had a relatively high diversity, withAgrostistachis sessilifoliadominates the understory layer. The Gua Kambing area had relatively high plant diversity, less disturbance, and bigger trees than other studied areas in tropical Indonesian forests in Sumatra.
Antioxidant activity of endophytic fungi from young and old leaves of cinnamon plants from Bogor, Indonesia
Authors: Septiana E , Bustanussalam  , Yadi  , Rachman F , Hapsari Y , Izzati F N , Rahmawati S I , Simanjuntak P
Published: May 2021

In addition to the bark, the leaves of the cinnamon plant are a source of natural antioxidant compounds and inhabited by endophytic fungi. The use of endophytic fungi from cinnamon leaves as a source of antioxidant compounds is not much done. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of endophytic fungi were isolated from young and old leaves of cinnamon plants. Isolation of endophytic fungi was done by planting leaf tissue on Potato Dextrose Agar media after surface sterilization with 70% ethanol for 1 minute, 5.3% sodium hypochlorite for 5 minutes, and 70% ethanol for 30 seconds, respectively. Antioxidant activity is carried out based on the α, α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging method. The ethyl acetate extract of endophytic fungi with the highest antioxidant activity on each type of leaf was carried out by profiling chemical compounds using GCMS. The extracts of eight endophytic fungal isolates obtained had antioxidant activity. Cb.Dm3 and Cb.Dt2 endophytic fungal extracts had the highest antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 62.80 and 8.11 µg.ml−1, respectively. Profiling chemical compounds showed that both isolates contained antioxidant compounds with Cb.Dt2 isolate containing cinnamaldehyde. Cb.Dt2 endophytic fungal extract has the potential as a potential source of natural antioxidant compounds.
Antioxidant activity of casein yogurt against dioxin toxicity in rats liver
Authors: Setianingrum A , Haskito A E P
Published: May 2021

Prolonged exposure to dioxin can lead to negative effects. Oxidative stress is caused by dioxin toxicity due to interference of the metabolism process including lipid metabolism. This current study was to address the role of casein yogurt in the prevention of oxidative stress caused by dioxin intoxication. Substances used were 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) diluted in corn oil and casein from goat milk yogurt. A total of 24 Wistar rats divided into 6 groups: control, placebo with 600 mg/kg BW of casein, TCDD group with 100 ng/kg BW of TCDD, T1 to T3 groups were given with TCDD and casein in different dose: 300, 600, and 900 mg/kg BW. The respective dose was given orally daily for 21 days. Blood serum was collected for cholesterol and triglyceride analysis. Liver samples were collected for superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity assay. Statistic analysis using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test. Results showed that casein yogurt increased SOD activity in TCDD intoxicated rats. A significant increase (P<0.05) was shown by the group with 600 and 900 mg/kg BW of casein. Serum lipid profile exhibited no significant change in serum cholesterol and triglyceride level. Casein yogurt is potential to prevent cellular damage caused by dioxin toxicity.
Evaluation of the growth and yield of true shallot seed on the application of two technology packages during two planting seasons in Central Sulawesi
Authors: Saidah  , Muchtar  , Wahyuni A N , Padang I S , Syafruddin  , Irmadamayanti A
Published: May 2021

True shallot seed (TSS) considered to be used due to their technical and economis feasibility. The aim of the study was to evaluate the growth and yield productivity of TSS and shallot bulbs generated from TSS. The study was conducted in Kotarindau Village, Dolo District, Sigi Regency, Central Sulawesi. The seeds was planted on dry lowland area. The experiment was arranged using a Randomized Block Design with two treatments, namely the Introduction Technology Package and Farmer Technology Package during two planting seasons. Each treatment was repeated 13 times. Parameter observed were the growth and yield of shallot. The data obtained were analyzed using the T test. The results showed that the Introduction Technology Package had a significant effect on several components of shallot growth and yield compare with the Farmer’s package in the first (using seeds) and the second season (using bulbs). In the second planting season, the number of bulbs was 7-9 times higher than in the first planting season, and the productivity was 2-3 times higher. We can conclude that the shallot bulbs harvested from the seeds have the opportunity to be used as a source of seeds for the next planting season.
Construction of a full length α-factor secretory signal sequence for human insulin precursor expression in Pichia pastoris
Authors: Utami N , Nurdiani D , Hariyatun  , Putro E W , Kusharyoto W
Published: May 2021

Saccharomyces cerevisiaeandPichia pastorisare yeast known as a potential expression system to produce recombinant protein. The full-length α-factor (α-mating factor) secretory signal ofS. cerevisiaeplays an essential role in the secretion and processing of the mature protein of interest. Here, we attempted to construct the full-length α-factor signal sequence ofS. cerevisiaein the pD902-IP (Insulin Precursor) expression vector for secreted expression of human insulin precursor inP. pastoris. We have isolated the full-length α-factor secretory signal sequence in a pTA2 cloning vector. The full-length α-factor was then inserted into the IP-cassette of pD902-IP and transformed intoE. coliTOP10. TheE. colitransformants, which were able to grow on the Zeocin selection medium, harbored the full-length α-factor for the IP expression in the pD902 vector validated by PCR and sequencing. Furthermore, the construct electroporation intoP. pastorisX-33 was done and followed by IP protein expression confirmation visualized with SDS-PAGE.
Resistant performance of T10 Rojolele transgenic rice events harboring cry1B::cry1Aa fusion genes against the rice yellow stem borer Scirpophaga incertulas Wlk
Authors: Nugroho S , Sari D I , Zahra F , Rachmawati S , Maulana B S , Estiati A
Published: May 2021

Rice yellow stem borer (Scirpophaga incertulas Wlk) (rice YSB) is one of the most important insect pests in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Plant damage caused by the pest attack in all growth stages could significantly reduce yield. Cry toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis are known to be effective against rice YSB, therefore transgenic rice events cv Rojolele harbouring the cry1B::cry1Aa fusion genes driven by the maize ubiquitin promoter have been developed to improve rice resistance. To determine that the resistant traits has been stably inherited and expressed, in-planta and in-vitro bioassays of the T10 generation were performed on 6 independent transgenic rice events using the 1st instar larvae of rice YSB. In-planta bioassay was performed on 5-week-old rice plants grown in pots in a transgenic glasshouse, in 7 replicates. Each plant was invested with 20 1st instar larvae of rice YSB. The in-vitro bioassay was performed using the stems of the transgenic rice events against 10 1st instar larvae of rice YSB, in aerated Petri dishes in a culture room under room temperature, in three replicates. Results showed that the T10 generation of the transgenic rice events stably maintained the transgene integration and their resistance against the rice YSB.
Construction of a recombinant vector containing SAI gene using Gateway-based RNAi system: a preliminary study in the development of high sucrose sugarcane
Authors: Hadiarto T , Riyanti E I , Listanto E , Polosoro A
Published: May 2021

Recombinant plasmid construction that produces hairpin molecules for gene knockdown is not an easy method. Gateway cloning system is a technology to transfer DNA fragments utilizing clonase and specific sites. This study aimed to construct RNAi expression vector containing soluble acid invertase (SAI) gene using Gateway system to produce high-sugar content sugarcane. PCR was conducted to generate specific SAI fragment using cDNA template from two sugarcane varieties: Bululawang and PSJK922. Of the two specific primer pairs designed, only one pair amplified the SAI 161 bp gene fragment. Amplification occurred in both cDNA samples. TA (Thymine-Adenine pair) cloning was performed with pCR8/GW/TOPO plasmid and a clonase reaction was carried out to insert the specific fragments into the pHELLSGATE 8 hairpin plasmid. The results showed that two of the four colonies analyzed by associated restriction enzymes had plasmid pHELLSGATE8::hpSAI that contained a hairpin component of the SAI fragment. One attempt to construct the hairpin RNA using Gateway system in this study indicates the easiness of the system when compared to traditional cloning. The DNA sequence in the hairpin portion of this plasmid will be analysed to confirm SAI gene fragment, and it will be followed by transformation of sugarcane and SAI characterization.
In vitro growth response of Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin) cultured in medium containing Methylobacterium spp. filtrate
Authors: Kosmiatin M , Husni Ali , Salma Selly
Published: May 2021

Mass seeds production through micropropagation can support modern agriculture, but this technique is expensive and largely determined by a medium formulation. The addition of synthetic Plant Growth Regulator (PGR) has a residual effect, meanwhile natural PGRs is more secure but expensive. In vitro testing of PGR activity obtained from bacteria was the first step to substituted synthetic PGRs to become nature PGR. Research to observe PGR activity obtained from four strains of Methylobacterium spp that had been analyzed of the capability of PGRs synthesis was done on in vitro patchouli cultured. There are three activities: 1) The sterilized technique of filtrate using filtration techniques, humid heat, and a combination of both; 2) Testing of Methylobacterium spp. from that production of cytokinins and compared its activity with commercial PGRs (BA and zeatin); and 3) auxin (NAA and IAA). The research showed that strain TD-J2 filtrate added to medium was similar to BA activities, and TD-J7 was similar to zeatin. Auxin activity derived from strain TD-J10 showed the capacity to induces root formation. The research result indicates that synthesis PGR derived from Methylobacterium spp. has similar activity with commercial PGRs.
Influence of dyeing condition on cloth color by yellow dyes from mixed fungi grown in different culturing media
Authors: Suciatmih
Published: May 2021

In the present study, cloth was dyed with yellow dyes obtained from a mixture of Aspergillus and Paecilomyces fungi grown in three different media, three mordant techniques, six mordant types and four dyeing repetitions. By matching with the Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) color chart, the range of colors developed on the dyed cloth was measured. The results showed that medium-1 and medium-3 produced stronger dyed cloth colors than medium-2; and different mordant types and techniques each also produced more varied cloth colors from both media than did medium-2. Meta- and pre-mordant using different mordant types applied to the dyes from all of the media each produced more varied cloth colors than did post-mordant; while mordant technique using Cu+2 and Fe+2 in the same media each produced more varied cloth colors than did other mordant types. The optimum condition for the cloth dyeing by the dyes in medium-1 and medium-3 added with pre-mordant Cu+2 was 3 times, while with meta-mordant Cu+2 was 3 and 5 times respectively. The optimum condition for the cloth dyeing by the dyes in medium-1 and medium-3 added with pre-mordant Fe+2 each was 1 time, while with meta-mordant Fe+2 was 1 and 5 times, respectively.
Effect of Feammox on Landfill Leachate Treatment and Its Influence on pH
Authors: Wang Bing , Sun Bing , Liu Yunlong , Yang Lin
Published: May 2021

Feammox is a new biological nitrogen removal process which can synchronously achieve NH4
+-N oxidation and Fe3+ reduction under the action of microorganisms. In order to investigate the starting of Feammox and the influence of different pH on the denitrification effect of simulated landfill leachate wastewater, the Feammox reaction was carried out by inoculating Anammox sludge under anaerobic conditions, and the N/Fe conversion pathway in the reaction was observed. On the 43rd day, the influent Fe3+ concentrations in the reactor was increased, and it was found that it promoted Feammox. Taking Feammox sludge in good operation as inoculation sludge, pH was set at 3.5-7.5, respectively. The results showed that the landfill leachate had the best denitrification effect when pH =4.5, and the Feammox reaction almost did not exist in the reactor when pH =3.5
Research method for hydrodynamic characteristics of tidal current turbine
Authors: Xu Junhui
Published: May 2021

Tidal energy is a very rich Marine resource, which has high energy concentration, small geometric scale and strong predictability. The research status, development and utilization of tidal current turbine at home and abroad are expatiated, and two research methods for hydrodynamic characteristics of tidal current turbine, including numerical calculation and simulation experiment, are introduced, which are of certain significance to the performance optimization of tidal current turbine.
Variation regular and influencing factors of pore and permeability parameters of each oil layer of block A
Authors: Yanfeng Bao
Published: May 2021

The porosity and effective permeability values of an oil layer in different periods of the same block are quite different, It is proposed to take the actual production target interval and small block in block A as the unit, by analyzing the results of laboratory water flooding experiments and using the data of coring wells and exploration wells in the study area, as well as the data of static database, the variation rules of porosity and effective permeability in different development stages are summarized. After comprehensive study, it is found that the change of parameter interpretation model and water injection development are the main factors for the change of hole and permeability parameters of well completion logging interpretation in different periods in block A.
Study on percolation mechanism of low permeability reservoir
Authors: Yuan Wang Wen
Published: May 2021

The development practice of low permeability reservoir shows that there is start-up pressure gradient in low permeability reservoir, and the lower the permeability is, the higher the start-up pressure gradient is. Therefore, there are different types of sandstones in low-permeability sandstone reservoirs, with different permeability and different starting pressure gradient, resulting in different seepage space. This paper attempts to establish mathematical model and numerical simulation model to simulate the movement law of oil and water in low permeability reservoir by considering different seepage space and its starting pressure, so as to study the distribution and variation law of invalid water injection in space, and provide basis for formulating reasonable injection production ratio and other injection production policies.
Exploration and Enhancement of Tujia Nationality’s Original Ecological Packaging Sustainable Design in Western Hube
Authors: Liu Lin , Fang Fengming
Published: May 2021

Original packaging design of Western Hubei Tujia is a handmade household item of Tujia people, and it is also a packaging container used to store, protect, and transfer living materials. The original ecological packaging origin, modelling materials, patterns, and colours of the Tujia nationality in western Hubei were reconstructed and sorted out under the guidance of sustainable design principles, from the perspective of sustainable design exploration and sustainable design continuation. These local materials were combined, in order to examine and interpret the spiritual significance and material function of the handmade packaging container. The prospects of development brought by the integration of the original ecological packaging of the Tujia family and modern design are explored, so that it further injects new life and energy into sustainable designs. While reflecting the advantages of original ecological packaging shape, material and rich ethnic elements, it focuses on the continuation and innovation of sustainable design of the Tujia native food packaging, promotes the ecological concept, develops sustainable packaging, and provides a creative space for Tujia family packaging design ideas.
Optimization of pressure drop model for shale gas wells in area X based on correlation coefficient method
Authors: Wang Haitao , Xia Lian
Published: May 2021

The bottom hole pressure is an important parameter in the production process of a gas well, and it is of great significance to many aspects such as gas well productivity evaluation, dynamic analysis and production allocation. A large number of shale gas wells in area X were lack of the bottom hole pressure data. In order to solve this problem, based on extensive research in many articles, this paper selected eight kinds of calculation models as candidate objects, such as Hagadorn-Brown and Beggs-Brill. Different models were used to calculate the bottom hole pressure of only two shale gas wells with measured pressure data in this area, and the calculated results were compared with the measured data to select the best model for calculating the bottom hole pressure of shale gas wells in area X. In the optimization analysis, it was found that the conventional average relative error comparison method or the graph comparison method could not reflect the application situation of the calculation models well in this area. Therefore, on the basis of the two comparison methods, the correlation coefficient method was introduced to quantify the overall difference between the calculated pressure and the measured pressure. The results showed that the calculated result of Orkiszewski model fitted the measured pressure best.
New research progress of large capacity new synchronous condenser
Authors: He Shan , Cheng Jing , Yuan Zhi , Dong Xinsheng , Zhang Chuanmin , Wang Weiqing
Published: May 2021

With the increase of HVDC(high voltage direct current) transmission system, the new large-capacity synchronous condenser is the most suitable device to meet the dynamic reactive power demand of the power grid system. Therefore, it has gradually become one of the research hot topics. Based on this, the paper systematically summarizes the research status of the new synchronous condenser. Firstly, the operation principle of the synchronous condenser is introduced from four aspects: its reactive power characteristics, operation state and the typical type and control strategy. Secondly, by comparing it with power electronic reactive power compensation equipment, the superior dynamic reactive power output characteristics of the new synchronous condenser are expounded, and the influence factors are analysed, the example that stable grid voltage is given. Finally, the latest development of the state monitoring technology of the synchronous condenser is summarized from both the existing fault diagnosis technology and parameter identification technology. In this paper, the basic theory, control strategy and operation state monitoring of the new synchronous condenser are summarized, which could provide reference for the further research.
Research on the Application of Green Ecological Concept in the Architectural Design of Kindergartens
Authors: Fan Bei , Li Runkun
Published: May 2021

Integrating green ecological concepts and design into the kindergarten architectures is a significant subject and full of challenges. Only by leading children to be close to nature and learning and living in a green and ecological kindergarten environment can we provide better education for children as much as possible. This article discusses the existing problems in the architectural design of kindergartens in our country, and studies the application principles of the green ecological concept in the architectural design of kindergartens at first. Then it takes the China’s Haichao Kindergarten as an example to analyze how the green ecological concept can be better used in the architectural design of kindergartens, and explores the design ideas and methods of Haichao Kindergarten. Finally, it summarizes the importance of green ecological design concepts in today’s kindergarten architectures.
Influence of Energy Saving and Emission Reduction on Innovation of Science, Technology, Industry and Enterprises in China
Authors: Gao Huan , Sun Bo
Published: May 2021

Energy saving and emission reduction policy is a long-term strategic choice in China, which will have a far-reaching impact on science and technology, economy and enterprise innovation. By controlling the growth rate of industries with high energy consumption and high pollution, the policy of energy conservation and emission reduction promotes the transformation of China’s economic growth mode to resource conservation and clean environment. Service industry has the characteristics of low energy consumption and light pollution, which will be paid special attention to. The policy of energy conservation and emission reduction with promising medium and long-term prospects is a long-term strategic choice for China, which will have a far-reaching impact on the economy. During the 30 years of reform and opening up, traditional industries with high energy consumption, such as electric power, metallurgy, cement and chemical industry, have made great contributions to China’s economic development by ensuring supply. Today, China has entered a new historical development stage, and the extensive growth mode with high energy consumption and high pollution is increasingly facing challenges. The intensive growth mode with the core of improving the utilization efficiency of production factors such as energy and the low-carbon economy with low energy consumption, low pollution and low emission have become the future economic development direction of China.