bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
How to preserve narrow endemics in view of climate change? The Nuratau Mountains as the case
Authors: Volis Sergei , Beshko Natalya
Published: April 2023

Endemic species usually have higher risk of extinction than widespread species and therefore for endemics negative effects of climate change can be especially dramatic. The Nuratau Mountains, located in Uzbekistan, are rich in endemic species and are a part of the Mountains of Central Asia Global Biodiversity Hotspot and one of Key Biodiversity Areas. To understand consequences of the climate change for a group of endemic plant species found in this region we conducted species distribution modelling (SDM) and produced species maps of habitat suitability, as well as maps of predicted endemic species richness under current and expected future climatic conditions. From the obtained information we assessed i) how well the existing in the region protected area (Nuratau Nature Reserve) protects the local endemics, and ii) what should be done to preserve these species under the expected future warming. Among 27 studied species, 14 appear to be the true narrow endemics because their predicted range is mostly or totally confined to the Nuratau Mountains. The remaining species have a wide predicted range of which the Nuratau Mountains are only a small part. Majority of the Nuratau endemics will have no climatically suitable habitat under the Rcp85 scenario in the Nuratau Mountains or surrounding ranges. Only seven species will have suitable habitats within the Nuratau Mountains and only five of them will have suitable habitat within the protected territory of the Nuratau Nature Reserve. For six species there will be no suitable area in the whole study area. Surprisingly, 13 species will have a suitable habitat in the Kugitang Range where Surkhan Nature Reserve is located. We suggest as the most appropriate climate change adaptation strategy for these Nuratau endemics the artificial increasing their dispersal capacity via in situ introduction trials and the creation of new populations in Surkhan Nature Reserve.
The composition and functionality of bacterial membrane vesicles (bMVs) in Escherichia coli – a time course comparison study in different media
Authors: Yu Mia S. C. , Chiang Dapi Menglin , Reithmair Marlene , Meidert Agnes , Brandes Florian , Schelling Gustav , Ludwig Christina , Meng Chen , Kirchner Benedikt , Zenner Christian , Muller Laurent , Pfaffl Michael W.
Published: April 2023

Background
Bacteria inhabit the in- and outside of the human body, such as skin, gut or the oral cavity where they play an innoxious, beneficial, e.g. as probiotic bacteria, or even pathogenic role, e.g. during a sepsis. Recent studies have shown that bacteria can secrete membrane vesicles (MVs) like eukaryotic cells with extracellular vesicles (EVs). Several studies indicate that bacterial membrane vesicles (bMVs) play a crucial role in microbiome-host interactions. However, the composition of such bMVs and their functionality under different culture conditions are still largely unknown.
Methods
To get more insights into bMVs, we investigated the composition and functionality of E. coli (DSM 105380) bMVs from the culture media Lysogeny broth (LB) and RPMI 1640 throughout the different phases of growth (lag-, log- and stationary-phase). bMVs from 3 time points from 2 media (LB_8h, LB_54h, LB_168h, RPMI_8h, RPMI_54h and RPMI_168h) were isolated by ultracentrifugation and analyzed using nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), EV flow-cytometry, cryogenic electron microscopy (Cryo-EM), conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and mass spectrometry-based proteomics (LC-MS/MS). Furthermore, we examined pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1 and IL-8 in the human monocyte cell line THP-1 by treatment with bMVs.
Results
Particle numbers increased with inoculation periods. The bMV morphologies in Cryo-EM/TEM were similar at each time point and condition. EV flow-cytometry showed a similarity of the common bMV markers OmpA+ GroEL- and OmpA- GroEL+ in each group. We found 140 proteins to be consistently expressed in the 6 groups with LC-MS/MS proteomics while we could also observe unique proteins throughout these treatments. Treatment of THP-1 cells with bMVs of all 6 groups lead to significantly high IL-1 and IL-8 expressions.
Conclusions
Our study showed that the choice of medium and the duration of culturing significantly influences E.coli bMV protein composition. Moreover, our flow-cytometry results indicate that different bMV subpopulations may be shed. Irrespective of the medium used, we observed an accumulation of E. coli bMVs over time, possibly due to increase of bacterial cells. Our cell culture experiments/functional assays imply that bMVs isolated from the 6 groups by ultracentrifugation retain their function and lead to comparable cytokine induction.
Factors Affecting Recurrence, Metastasis, and Survival in Conjunctival Melanoma
Authors: KARANFİL Feyza ÇALIŞ , GÜNDÜZ Ahmet Kaan , GÜNDÜZ Ömür UÇAKHAN , ATEŞ Funda Seher ÖZALP
Published: April 2023

Purpose: To evaluate clinical and demographic characteristics and factors affecting recurrence, metastasis and survival in conjunctival melanoma (CM).
Methods: The clinical records of 45 patients who were treated for CM between October 1998 and June 2022 were retrospectively evaluated. Age, gender, presence of underlying conjunctival nevus-primary acquired melanosis (PAM),tumor stage according to the 8th edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system, tumor basal diameter, tumor thickness, lymph node involvement, metastasis, presence of tumor at the surgical margin, treatment method, need for adjuvant therapy, local tumor control, recurrence, and survival were recorded.
Results: Twenty-one (46.7%) patients were female and 24 (53.3%) patients were male. The mean age at diagnosis was 53.2 ±16.1 years. Fifteen (33.3%) patients had conjunctival PAM; 2 (4.4%) patients had conjunctival nevus. The tumor stage was T1 in 24 (53.0%), T2 in 13 (29.0%), and T3 in 6 (13.0%) of the cases. For stage T1 and T2 CM, in addition to excisional biopsy (EB)and cryotherapy, alcohol epitheliectomy (AE) was performed in 17 cases (37.8%), superficial sclerectomy (SS) was performed in 7 (15.6%), and amnion membrane transplantation (AMT) due to a large conjunctival defect in 9 (20.0%). Six (14.0%) T3 cases underwent primary exenteration. Positive surgical margins were observed in 23 (51.0%) of the excised tumors at histopathologic examination. Adjuvant topical mitomycin-C(MMC) was used in 7 (38.9%) and strontium-90 episcleral brachytherapy in 6 (33.3%) of the 23 cases with tumor-positive borders. During the follow-up, recurrence was seen in 14 (31.3%) cases. According to Kaplan Meier analysis, the mean time to recurrence development was 106.3±17.3 months and the 5-year survival rate was 52.0%. Fourteen of the recurrent cases underwent EB+ cryotherapy, 3 underwent AE+SS, and 3 underwent secondary exenteration. Metastasis and lymph node involvement occurred in 11 (25.0%) and 8 (18.2%) of the cases, respectively. Four (8.9%) cases expired. According to Kaplan-Meier analysis, the mean time to metastasis was 119.6±24.1 months and the 5-year survival rate was 52.0%. While recurrence was more frequent in melanomas developing from PAM/nevus, metastasis was more frequent in men and those with lymph node involvement.
Conclusion: Conjunctival melanoma is a malignant tumor with high recurrence and metastasis rates. Precursor nevus/PAM is a risk factor for recurrence, while male gender and regional LN involvement are risk factors for metastasis.
On a Property of Congruence Lattices of Slim, Planar, Semimodular Lattices
Authors: Gr\"atzer George
Published: April 2023

In a 2121 paper with G´abor Cz´edli, we introduced and verified the Three-pendant Three-crown Property, 3P3C, for congruence lattices of slim (no M3 sublattice), planar, semimodular lattices. The proof is very long; in part, because it relies on Cz´edli’s 2021 paper on lamps.
This paper verifies 3P3C using the Swing Lemma, an elementary and short approach.
2020 Mathematics Subject Classification. 06C10.
Global trends and frontiers of research on meibomian gland dysfunction since the millennium: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: cui ge , Yang Jingyuan , Di Yu , Yang Shan , Chen Di , Li Ying
Published: April 2023

Objective To report publication trends since 2000 and identify significant journals, nations, authors associated with meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) research.Results 1,448 papers published between 1 January 2000 to 1 January 2023 were included. MGD has developed into an incredibly interesting topic (with relative research interest ranging from 0.0005% in 2000 to 0.0082% in 2022). The USA, China, and Japan were the top nations with the most publications, producing the journals, writers, and organizations that published the majority of the literature. The country with the fastest-growing number of publications was China (from 0 in 2000 to 66 in 2022). The journal with the most papers on MGD is Cornea. The most papers were contributed by Arita, Reiko, and Keio University, among writers and organizations, respectively. Dry eye disease and ocular surface were the main topics of earlier study, whereas intense pulsed light (IPL) was the latest hotspot and has been used for the therapy of MGD.Conclusion Our findings may aid in understanding MGD's present and potential future developments. According to the quantity of publications, journals, authors, and institutions, China, the USA, and Japan have the most influence. The IPL, pathophysiology and morphology are highlighted in current research on MGD.
Durability analysis of partial replacement of ordinary Portland cement by white glass waste concrete
Authors: FILHO Mauro José SILVA , SOUZA Madson Lucas , Paiva Vinícius Capistrano , CABRAL Antônio Eduardo Bezerra
Published: April 2023

Concrete consists of cement, water, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and air. The cement manufacturing process is responsible for a large carbon dioxide emission. Therefore, several researches have been conducted to find advantageous substitute materials, even if only partially. Waste glass emerges as an alternative because it is a non-biodegradable inert material, with a high recycling rate and low cost. Several studies on recycled glass as a partial substitute for cement in concrete have already been conducted in terms of workability, strength and properties, but few have reviewed the durability properties of concrete incorporating glass waste. It is a fact that durability is of great importance for the performance of concrete, because compromising it can lead to the emergence of pathologies. This article aims to carry out a study on the durability of concrete with the replacement of cement by glass waste, in order to verify its performance in relation to conventional concrete, identifying the advantages that attest to its use in civil construction as an alternative to concrete to be used in buildings, whether in new constructions or in the process of rehabilitation or maintenance.
Study of Enhanced Photocatalytic Efficiency by Field Confinement in Plasmonic Nanostructures for Their Potential Application for Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria
Authors: Qureshi Muhammad Tauseef , Tehseen Aqsa , Iqbal Tahir , Masood Arslan , Afsheen Sumera , Maryam Iqra , Huwaimel Bader , Hameed Reda Abdel , Farghaly Othman , Atta Ayman
Published: April 2023

The interaction of transverse magnetic (TM) plane waves with 1D metallic bowtie gratings on glass substrate has been used for surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) excitation. Silver (Ag) bowtie metallic grating has been modelled in COMSOL Multiphysics 5.6 Licensed version, for different gap widths (GWs) and film thickness by keeping the periodicity constant. The 0th order transmission spectra for this grating with various geometrical parameters at normal incidence has been extracted and studied by far-field analysis. To check the photocatalytic enhancement, the method of enhanced field confinement is used by exciting SPPs at TiO2/air interface. The enhancement factor is examined by changing gap width (50nm-450nm) with fixed thickness and periodicity. The photocatalytic efficiency is also calculated and degradation of three dyes (Methyl Red (MR), Methyl Orange (MO) and Phenol (Ph)) by calculating their concentrations and photodegradation rate constant ‘k’ are studied as well. Far and near-field analysis are employed to study the optimum structure for effective absorption of light. The results of far-field are supported by applying near-field analysis at resonance wavelength. A brief comparison of enhancement factor and photocatalytic degradation with literature is also presented. This research provides a pathway to real-time applications which are helpful in fabrication of efficient plasmonic based photocatalytic devices for highest degradation efficiency. Such grating devices with optimized parameters can also be used in the field of medical such as biosensor - detection and inhibition of the Pathogenic Bacteria etc.
Analysis of different surface treatments applied to different roofing substrates with an emphasis on water absorption
Authors: MARTINS Antonia Janaína Silva , FONSECA Gabriela Gomes , SILVA Aline Rodrigues , GONZAGA Lídia Bruna Teles , OLIVEIRA Valeria Costa , MORAIS Carlos Drumond Nascimento , PIRES Daniela Giovanini Manuel
Published: April 2023

Roofing systems use different materials that require inclinations according to the typology, shapes and dimensions of the roof, but are exposed to different agents of degradation. In Brazil, it is not common to use treatments to reduce the water absorption of roofs in order to guarantee the performance and durability of roofing systems. This research aimed to determine the water absorption index of ceramic, concrete and fiber cement roofing, according to the effectiveness of two different types of treatments, whose function is to reduce water absorption on the roof of the roofing system. The methodology was based on the analysis of the water absorption in the coverings, in a cyclical way of wetting and drying during 12 days. To meet the cyclical effect, a simulation of rainfall was applied to the roofing systems, with exposure for 45 minutes in each type of roofing with and without the use of two different treatments, that is, a silane-siloxane and an acrylic paint at acrylic resin base. The results indicated that the untreated tiles absorb a high percentage of water when compared to the treated coverings. As for the types of coatings, when analyzed with acrylic paint, they obtained a lower water absorption rate when compared to coatings treated with silane-siloxane. It can be concluded that the use of treatments such as water repellent or acrylic paint on ceramic, concrete and fiber cement coverings reduces their permeability and decreases the rate of water absorption, and the acrylic paint obtained better results in relation to water repellent and roofs not treated.
The Relationship between Dysphagia and Frailty among Chinese Hospitalized Older Patients: A Multiple Mediation Model through Oral Health and Nutritional Status
Authors: Yu Jianjiao , Zhu Huolan , Zhang Yulian , Wang Dan , Guo Hua , Liu Xiaomei , Lai Jin , Zhang Huiying , Xu Huanhuan , Bai Bingyue
Published: April 2023

OBJECTIVES
Frailty contributes to adverse outcomes in older adults and places a heavy burden on healthcare resources. Dysphagia is associated with frailty, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study aimed to investigate the multiple mediating effects of oral health and nutritional status in the relationship between dysphagia and frailty among hospitalized older patients in China.
DESIGN
A cross-sectional study.
SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS
The study was conducted at a university-affiliated tertiary hospital in Xi′an, Shaanxi Province, China from May 2022 to December 2022. A total of 980 patients aged ≥65 years were enrolled.
METHODS
We used the following questionnaires: General Information Questionnaire, Tilburg Frailty Indicators (TFI), Eating Assessment Tool-10 (EAT-10), 30mL Water Swallow Test (WST), Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI), and Short-Form Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA-SF). Descriptive analysis, univariate analysis, multivariate regression analysis, Spearman′s correlation analysis, and mediation effect test were performed using SPSS 26.0 and Mplus 8.3 software.
RESULTS
Dysphagia, oral health, nutritional status, and frailty were significantly correlated (P<0.001). Dysphagia was found to directly affect frailty (β = 0.196, 95%CI = 0.136 ~ 0.257) and through three significant mediation pathways: 1) the path through oral health (β = 0.130, 95%CI = 0.102 ~ 0.162), accounting for 28.14% of the total effect; 2) the path through nutritional status (β = 0.073, 95%CI = 0.046 ~ 0.104), accounting for 15.80% of the total effect; 3) the path through oral health and nutritional status (β = 0.063, 95%CI = 0.049 ~ 0.082), accounting for 13.64% of the total effect. The total mediation effect was 57.58%.
CONCLUSIONS
This study indicated that dysphagia was significantly associated with frailty. Oral health and nutritional status were mediators of this relationship. Improving the oral health and nutritional status of hospitalized older patients may prevent or delay the frailty caused by dysphagia.
PARP1-stabilized FOXQ1 promotes ovarian cancer progression by activating the LAMB3/WNT/β-catenin signalling pathway
Authors: Wu Jiangchun , Wu Yong , Guo Qinhao , Shao Yang , chen Siyu , Liu Chaohua , Lin Kailin , Wang Simin , Zhu Jun , Chen Xiaojun , Ju Xingzhu , Wu Xiaohua
Published: April 2023

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most common fatal malignancies in females worldwide. Only a few articles have reported that Forkhead box Q1 (FOXQ1) is elevated in OC tissues and associated with prognosis, but its cancer-promoting mechanism has not been clarified.
Methods: We analysed the relationship between FOXQ1 expression and clinical prognosis through analyses of public databases and data from our own centre. Subsequently, the carcinogenic effect of FOXQ1 was demonstrated by phenotypic experiments in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, downstream transcriptional regulatory molecules and signalling pathways were identified by RNA-seq, ChIP-seq, KEGG and GSEA, and promoter binding sites were identified by luciferase reporter gene assay. The upstream regulatory relationship is explored through Co-IP, immunofluorescence (IF), mass spectrum (MS) and ubiquitination experiments. Finally, this pathway was verified by small animal drug experiments and the relationship between clinical specimens and prognosis.
Results: Here, we show that FOXQ1 is overexpressed in OC and clinically associated with metastasis and patient prognosis. FOXQ1 significantly promotes OC cell proliferation and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, FOXQ1 can promote LAMB3 transcription by binding to its promoter region. The oncogenic effects of FOXQ1 are mediated by theLAMB3/WNT/β-catenin pathway. Moreover, PARP1 can inhibit the ubiquitination-mediateddegradation of FOXQ1 by targeting the E3 ubiquitin ligase CHIP. Finally, the role of PARP1/FOXQ1/LAMB3/WNT/β-catenin pathway in OC was demonstrated through drug combination experiments in animals and clinical prognosis.
Conclusions: Taken together, our data indicate that FOXQ1, stabilized by PARP1, can promote the progression of OC through the LAMB3/WNT/β-catenin pathway.
Co-evolutionary trade-offs within socioecosystems to adapt to California coastal rewilding
Authors: Levrel Harold
Published: April 2023

This paper aims to describe which institutional, organizational, technical but also ecosystem innovations have led to the adoption of compromises around forms of coexistence between humans and pinnipeds, which have led to the recognition of new rights for the latter. These developments are very heterogeneous depending on the type of socio-ecosystem and that they depend on many factors, ranging from the design of ecosystems, the more or less commercial nature of the issues, and the articulation between private ownership, common property rules and public law. Over the years, innovations have become more systemic in a certain number of sites and have demonstrated some successes, thus offering avenues of reflection for managing the rewilding of territories and the issues of coexistence between humans and non-humans in these territories.
Rb atoms’ Polarization and its gradient estimation for nonresonant light by using Lambert function
Authors: BIRZHANDI SAMANEH
Published: April 2023

Polarization of alkali vapor is a key parameter in the atomic magnetometer's response to the applied magnetic field. In this paper, estimating polarization is used by studying the transmission behavior of the pump beam as a function of intensity. In our study, the transmission of circularly polarized light exhibits nontrivial features such as nonlinear absorption and relaxation. The advantages of this method are its simplicity for characterizing polarization and its accuracy. The intensity and wavelength of the pumping laser are considered for studying polarization changes and polarization gradient. This method could apply directly to the quantum computing in devices like memory, gate, clock, and for reference cell. Also, this method is fast, reliable and accurate and doesn't need on resonance detection which makes it more suitable for ZULF NMR detection.
Could the Trustworthiness in RAndomized Controlled Trials (TRACT) checklist be trusted?
Authors: Alinany Hesham G , AbdelMonem Tamer M , Abdelmeguid Osama S , Sobh Ahmed M , Galal Ahmed F , Elnomrosy  , Rezk Ahmed Y
Published: April 2023

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are considered the gold standard study design in clinical effectiveness research, albeit some RCTs have been found to be fraudulent post-publication. The Trustworthiness in RAndomized Controlled Trials (TRACT) checklist examines RCT integrity through an assessment covering seven domains. While the authors claim that it can identify problematic trials, it has never been validated. A critical appraisal of the checklist highlights major failures in terms of health measurement methodology, including the arbitrary nature of items chosen. We applied the checklist to 16 RCTs coauthored by the checklist developer, and identified potential violations related to retrospective registration, ethical implications, authorship, methodology, implausible timeframes, zero participants to follow-up, implausible baseline characteristics, and excessive inter-group within trial as well as inter-trial similarities. In addition, we identified inconsistencies between the trials’ registration and data in the final published manuscripts. If we uncritically assume that the checklist is valid, then a formal institutional investigation into the trial portfolio its developer is warranted; especially targeting these 16 trials objectively shown to be problematic. The checklist should be considered as neither investigative nor conclusive of potential problems with RCTs until it is further refined and validated.
The Fundamental Connection between Energy Supply and Welfare through EROI Values
Authors: Brandes Benedikt Axel
Published: April 2023

Herein I present a simple model on how the nature of energy sources is connected to the welfare of a society. I find that the EROI value of an energy source is the key descriptor for the welfare of an economy and consequently the well-being of its constituents. While the presented model is kept extremely simple, it qualitatively matches historic experiences and allows a view into the future. It also suggests that the longevity of renewable energies is the key factor in their viability as an energy source.
Evaluating the Industry 4.0 Readiness of Dairy Industry: A Case Study in India
Authors: Smiti
Published: April 2023

The world is constantly changing with the advancement in technological changes resulting in a revolution of technology. It has become important for industries to adopt new and advanced technologies to survive. Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is a notion that originated with the German government's technical plan. I4.0 uses cutting-edge technology including artificial intelligence, big data, robots, cloud computing, etc.With a contribution of around 23% to the world's milk output, India is a top producer of the commodity.India has tremendous potential and is the country with the highest global milk production ranking. Successful implementation of I4.0 could bring a technological revolution where machines are connected to internet and thus could interact with each other and with humans. The research paper is a case study for evaluating the readiness level of dairy industry for implementing I4.0. A maturity model, Impuls maturity framework is used to study the readiness level of dairy industry using a survey method in different dairy plants of Delhi/ NCR region, Haryana, Mohali, and Chandigarh.
15 years of research on Google Trends: A bibliometric review and future research directions
Authors: Madsen Dag Øivind , Silva Emmanuel Sirimal , Sohail Shahab Saquib
Published: April 2023

Google Trends is a free analytic tool for measuring and monitoring web search data. Since its introduction in 2006, it has been widely used in research in a variety of academic fields. In this study, we conducted a bibliometric study of the first 15 years of Google Trends research (2007–2022). We extracted bibliometric data from the Scopus database which were then analyzed quantitatively using the Bibliometrix software package. In the paper, two types of analyses are carried out: 1) a citation-based analysis that focuses on the overall publication trends and the identification of the most prolific authors, documents, journals, and countries, and 2) a mapping of themes in GT research and how these have evolved. Overall, the results show that the research on Google Trends has grown considerably in recent years, particularly since the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. Research on GT has also become more diverse in terms of themes, with finance, Covid-19 and other health-related topics being the new dominant areas of research. On the basis of the findings, several areas for future research are outlined.
22 Numaralı Anadolu Ayniyat Defterine Göre Anadolu Eyaletinin Merkez-Taşra İlişkileri
Authors: POYRAZ Özlem , DOĞAN Cuma
Published: April 2023

Bu çalışma Ekim-Kasım 1829 tarihli olarak tutulmuş olan 22 Numaralı Ayniyat Defteri ekseninde Anadolu Eyaleti’nin merkez-taşra ilişkilerini konu edinmektedir. XVIII. yüzyıldan itibaren sadrazam buyrulduları olarak Sadaret Mektubî Kalemi’nde tutulmaya başlanan Ayniyat defterleri tahrirat-ı samiye, şukka, kaime ve mektuplardan oluşmak sureti ile hazırlanmıştır. Bu defterlerin incelenmesi ile Anadolu eyaletine tabi olan vilayetler, nezaretler ve daireleri meşgul eden problemlerin neler olduğu ve yönetenler ile yönetilenlerin ilişkisinin nasıl yürütüldüğü gibi meseleler hakkında fikir sahibi olunabilmektedir. II. Mahmut döneminin Ekim-Kasım 1829 tarihinden bir aylık bir döneminin sunulduğu bu çalışmada merkez-taşra yazışmalarının fazlalığı dikkat çekmiştir. Deftere yansıyan meseleler konularına göre askerî, iktisadî, mülkî, adlî, sosyal meseleler ve İstanbul’un ihtiyaçları olmak üzere altı kategoride tasniflenmiştir. Askerî meselelere dair belge yoğunluğunun fazlalığı dikkat çekmiştir. Bağy suçu işleyerek devleti uzun süre meşgul eden Zeybek Atçalı Kel Mehmet meselesinin ise defterin en çarpıcı meselesi olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.
Lozan Antlaşması Sonrasında Türk-İngiliz İlişkilerinde Çatışmanın Devamına Bir Örnek: Haydarpaşa İngiliz Mezarlığının Tahribi Meselesi
Authors: KURNAZ ŞAHİN Feyza
Published: April 2023

Çalışmanın amacı Lozan Antlaşmasının imzalanmasının ardından İstanbul’un 2 Ekim 1923’te İtilaf kuvvetleri tarafından boşaltılması sonrasında Türkiye ve İngiltere arasında diplomatik krize sebep olan Haydarpaşa İngiliz Mezarlığının tahribi meselesini irdelemek olarak tanımlanır. Haydarpaşa İngiliz Mezarlığı, 1853-1856 Kırım Savaşı’nda Osmanlı Devleti’nin müttefiki olan İngiltere’nin, savaş sırasında yaşamını yitiren askerleri için oluşturuldu. Anılan mezarlıktaki bazı mezarlar, Türk birliklerinin İstanbul’a girişi nedeniyle Kadıköy’de yapılan kutlamalar esnasında 5-6 Ekim 1923’te kısmen tahribe uğradı. Kadıköy’de bulunan bohça hamallarının kutlamalarda kullanılmak üzere defne dalı koparmak maksadıyla mezarlığa girmeleri sonucunda on yedi mezarda oluşan tahribat, diplomatik bir krize dönüştü. Krizin yaşandığı dönemde İngiltere’nin Türkiye’ye karşı tutumu bunun karşılığında Türk hükümetinin İngiliz yönetimine karşı duruşu Haydarpaşa İngiliz Mezarlığı krizine olan ilgiyi artırmaktadır. Bu olay sadece Türk-İngiliz diplomatik çatışması ile sınırlı değildi. Bununla birlikte krizin kendisi Türk-İngiliz ilişkilerinin Lozan Antlaşması sonrasında da karmaşık ve kırılgan bir yapıya sahip olduğunu göstermekteydi. Araştırmada, Haydarpaşa İngiliz Mezarlığında bulunan bir kısım mezarın tahrip edilmesinin nedenleri, İngiltere’nin olay karşısındaki yaklaşımı ve Türk tarafının mezarlıkların tahribine ilişkin tutumu ve ürettiği çözümler değerlendirildi. Ayrıca meselede iki ülke arasında diplomatik krizin çözümüne yönelik Hariciye Vekaleti İstanbul Murahhaslığının çabası üzerinde duruldu. Makalede temel olarak Cumhurbaşkanlığı Osmanlı Arşivi belgelerinden yararlanıldı
Eski Uygurca Saddharmapuṇḍarīka-Sūtra’ya İlişkin Fragmanlar
Authors: UZUNKAYA Uğur
Published: April 2023

Sanskritçe Saddharmapuṇḍarīka-sūtra veya Lotus Sūtra, Mahāyāna Budizmi’nin en önemli yazınsal kaynakları arasında yer almaktadır. Ne zaman, nerede ve kim tarafından derlendiği bilinmeyen bu Sanskritçe metnin Eski Uygurca versiyonu Vaphuaki atl(ı)g nom çäçäki sudur adını taşımaktadır. Eski Uygurca versiyon, metnin Kumārajīva tarafından 406 yılında yapılan Çince bir tercümesine dayanır. Sonraki araştırmalarda Eski Uygurca versiyonun kaynakları arasında Soğdca bir versiyonun da kullanılmış olma ihtimalinden söz edilir. Eski Uygurca Saddharmapuṇḍarīka-sūtra’ya ait fragmanlar Dunhuang, Turfan ve Yarhoto’da yapılan araştırmalar neticesinde elde edilmiştir. Günümüze ulaşan metin parçaları mevzubahis metnin muhtelif bölümlerine ilişkindir. 1911-2020 tarihleri arasında bu metne ait olan fragmanlar üzerine muhtelif incelemeler yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada da çoğu Eski Uygurca Saddharmapuṇḍarīka-sūtra’nın XXV. bölümünü oluşturan Avalokiteśvara’ya ilişkin, daha özel olarak ise Kuanşi-im Bodis(a)t(a)v’a ait bugün Berlin Turfan Koleksiyonu’nda korunan şimdiye değin neşredilmemiş fragmanlar neşredilecektir. Bu yazının girişinde Saddharmapuṇḍarīka-sūtra üzerine bir asırdan fazla süredir yapılan çalışmalara değinilecek, daha sonra bahse konu fragmanların yazı çevirimlerine ve harf çevirilerine yer verilecektir. Bunu, metnin açıklamaları ve sözlüğü takip edecektir.
Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu’nun Otoportre Şiirleri Aracılığıyla Kendisine ve Hayata Karşı Bakış Açısı Üzerine Bir İnceleme
Authors: BULUT Yıldıray
Published: April 2023

Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu, okul yıllarından itibaren hayatının son dönemlerine kadar kendini kültür ve sanatın gelişimine adamış, bu uğurda eserler ortaya koyarak halkın bu yönlerden kalkınmasını sağlamak için çalışmış önemli bir şahsiyettir. Onun, sanat dallarından resim ve edebiyata -özellikle de şiire- dair hissettiği tutku, oldukça başarılı ve üzerine çalışmalar, araştırmalar yapılabilecek eserler vermesini sağlamıştır. Bu eserler yoluyla sanatçının biyografisi, kişilik yapısı ve hayata bakış açısı gibi hususlarda bilgilere ulaşmak mümkündür. Her sanatçı, ortaya koyduğu eserlerde kendine ait bir parça sunmayı, biyografik hayatı ve fikir yapısı hakkında bir ipucu bulundurmayı tercih etmeyebilir. Ancak Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu böyle bir sanatçı değildir. O, eserlerinin çoğunda bir şekilde kendiyle ilgili bilgiler paylaşmış, bazılarında tarihsel veriler ortaya koymuştur. Portre resimlerinin altına yazmış olduğu dizeler ve otoportre olarak adlandırılabilecek şiirleri bu bilgilere ulaşabilmek için yeterli delillerdir. Bu çalışmada söz konusu şiirlerden sunulacak örnekler ve açıklamalar yoluyla Bedri Rahmi Eyüboğlu’nun hayatla ve kendisiyle ilgili yargılarının neler olduğuna ulaşılmaya çalışılacaktır.
Bacterial Infection in Head and Neck Space Regions: A Narrative Review
Authors: Lenka Smarita , Rath Shakti , Kumar Swain Santosh , Dubey Debasmita
Published: April 2023

Head and neck infection (HNI) is more complicated, as most of the sites of infection in this regions are very complex. Bacterial head and neck
infections can usually originate through the upper airway, sinusitis, and dental or oral cavity and then extend deeper into other head and neck
compartment sites. Both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria induce bacterial head and neck infections. This narrative review discusses the bacterial
association, sites of infection, host-pathogen interaction, and secondary complications of head and neck bacterial infection. Staphylococcus aureus,
Klebsiella spp, Escherichia coli, Peptostreptococcus spp., Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Fusobacterium spp, Citrobacter
freundii, Streptococcus gordonii, Enterobacter spp, Gemella haemolysans, Haemophilus influenzae, and Enterococcus spp., Fusobacterium Spp
are commonly responsible bacteria behind the bacterial head and neck infection (BHNI). Immunosuppression, alcohol consumption, and smoking
risk factors are associated with it. The immune cell maintains a defense mechanism in host-pathogen interaction. Antibiotic-resistant genes in
mucoid biofilm raise multidrug resistance against pathogenic bacteria. Inflammatory condition of the complete head and neck region can be
demonstrated by computed tomography (CT) scan. The secondary complication may lead to induce cancer. Microbial invasions can be bacterial,
fungal, or viral.
Clinical Case of a Combination of Endocrine, Metabolic, and Mental
Pathologies: Hypopituitarism Associated with Organic Personality Disorder
Authors: Marzoog Basheer Abdullah
Published: April 2023

Background:

Psychiatric disorders are difficult to assess, diagnose, and treat in most cases. The present case describes an extremely rare psychological disorder in combination with metabolic and endocrine insufficiency.

Case Presentation:

The condition of a 7-year-old child with inherited psychopathology from his father was found to be aggravated by his mother's alcoholism. The child was delivered in emergency from a primigravida/primipara mother due to preeclampsia and premature membrane rupture. The examinations involved clinical signs and symptoms and instrumental and laboratory findings. All laboratory results were compared with the normal range of the local laboratory. The results of the examination showed pronounced impairment in learning and controlling behavior, and communication, as well as moderate impairment in orientation.

Results:

The future consequences and complications are poorly understood. Management guidelines for such complicated cases are underdeveloped.

Conclusion:

The child was managed by diet correction, potassium iodide and hormone replacement therapy, calcium supplement, nootropics with 2 courses per year, examination by a urologist and pediatric endocrinologist 2 times a year, and hospitalization after 6 months of treatment.
Impact of Statin or Fibrate Therapy on Homocysteine Concentrations: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Akbari Abolfazl , Islampanah Muhammad , Arhaminiya Hadise , Alvandi Fard Mohammad Mahdi , Jamialahmadi Tannaz , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: April 2023

Introduction:

Statins and fibrates are two lipid-lowering drugs used in patients with dyslipidemia. This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to determine the magnitude of the effect of statin and fibrate therapy on serum homocysteine levels.

Methods:

A search was undertaken of the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Google Scholar electronic databases up to 15 July 2022. Primary endpoints focused on plasma homocysteine levels. Data were quantitatively analyzed using fixed or random- effect models, as appropriate. Subgroup analyses were conducted based on the drugs and hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of statins.

Results:

After screening 1134 papers, 52 studies with a total of 20651 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The analysis showed a significant decrease in plasma homocysteine levels after statin therapy (WMD: -1.388 μmol/L, 95% CI: [-2.184, -0.592], p = 0.001; I2 = 95%). However, fibrate therapy significantly increased plasma homocysteine levels (WMD: 3.459 μmol/L, 95% CI: [2.849, 4.069], p < 0.001; I2 = 98%). The effect of atorvastatin and simvastatin depended on the dose and duration of treatment (atorvastatin [coefficient: 0.075 [0.0132, 0.137]; p = 0.017, coefficient: 0.103 [0.004, 0.202]; p = 0.040, respectively] and simvastatin [coefficient: -0.047 [-0.063, -0.031]; p < 0.001, coefficient: 0.046 [0.016, 0.078]; p = 0.004]), whereas the effect of fenofibrate persisted over time (coefficient: 0.007 [-0.011, 0.026]; p = 0.442) and was not altered by a change in dosage (coefficient: -0.004 [-0.031, 0.024]; p = 0.798). In addition, the greater homocysteine- lowering effect of statins was associated with higher baseline plasma homocysteine concentrations (coefficient: -0.224 [-0.340, -0.109]; p < 0.001).

Conclusion:

Fibrates significantly increased homocysteine levels, whereas statins significantly decreased them.
An Investigation into the Effects of Chemical, Pharmaceutical, and
Herbal Compounds on Neuroglobin: A Literature Review
Authors: Hamedani Sahar Golpour , Pourmasoumi Makan , Askari Gholamreza , Bagherniya Mohammad , Sathyapalan Thozhukat , Sahebkar Amirhossein
Published: April 2023

Neuroglobin (Ngb) is an oxygen-binding globin protein that is mainly expressed
in the neurons of the central and peripheral nervous system. However, moderate
levels of Ngb have also been detected in non-neural tissues. Ngb and Ngb modulating factors
have been increasingly studied over the last decade due to their neuroprotective role
in neurological disorders and hypoxia. Studies have shown that a number of chemicals,
pharmaceuticals, and herbal compounds can modulate the expression of Ngb at different
dose levels, indicating a protective role against neurodegenerative diseases. Iron chelators,
hormones, antidiabetic drugs, anticoagulants, antidepressants, plant derivatives and
short-chain fatty acids are among these compounds. Therefore, this study aimed to review
the literature focused on the possible effects and mechanisms of chemical, pharmaceutical,
and herbal compounds on Ngbs.
Advancing Tissue Factor-targeted Therapy for Osteosarcoma via Understanding
its Role in the Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Ichikawa Jiro , Schoenecker Jonathan G. , Tatsuno Rikito , Kawasaki Tomonori , Suzuki-Inoue Katsue , Haro Hirotaka
Published: April 2023

Coagulation activation is associated with cancer progression and morbidity. Recently, mechanisms
through which coagulation proteases drive the tumor microenvironment (TME) have been elucidated. This review
aims to develop a new strategy dependent on the coagulation system for treating osteosarcoma (OS). We
focused on tissue factor (TF), the main initiator of the extrinsic coagulant pathway, as a target for OS treatment.
It was found that cell surface-TF, TF-positive extracellular vesicles, and TF-positive circulating tumor cells
could drive progression, metastasis, and TME in carcinomas, including OS. Thus, targeting tumor-associated
coagulation by focusing on TF, the principle catalyst of the extrinsic pathway, TF is a promising target for OS.
Apoptosis-inducing Plant-based Phenolic Compounds are Effective on Leukemia
Cell Lines
Authors: Soltani Amin , Shams Abadi Milad Shahini , Raeisi Mohammad , Kouhihabibidehkordi Golnoush , Eshaghi Farzane , Mohreh Omid , Rafieian-Kopaei Mahmoud
Published: April 2023

Numerous natural compounds have been identified that are able to induce apoptosis in cancer cells.
These compounds have various chemical properties and are found in medicinal plants, vegetables, and fruits
that are commonly consumed by humans. Phenols represent important compounds, which have been demonstrated
to induce apoptosis in cancer cells, and some of the involved mechanisms have also been determined.
The most important and abundant phenolic compounds are tannins, caffeic acid, capsaicin, gallic acid, resveratrol,
and curcumin. Induction of apoptosis with the least or no toxicity to natural tissues is one of the useful effects
of many plant-based bioactive compounds. Phenols, with anticancer potency at different degrees, serve to
induce apoptosis through different pathways, including both extrinsic (Fas) and intrinsic (calcium release, ROS
increase, DNA degradation, and mitochondrial membrane impairment). In this review, we report these compounds
and their apoptosis-inducing mechanisms. Apoptosis or programmed cell death is a precise and systematic
mechanism that is aimed at removing damaged or abnormal cells and is very useful to control, treat, and
prevent cancer. Apoptotic cells are characterized by specific morphological features and molecular expression.
In addition to physiological stimuli, there are many external factors that can be useful for inducing apoptosis.
Also, these compounds can affect the regulatory proteins of the apoptotic pathways, such as the apoptotic proteins
(Bid and BAX) and antiapoptotic proteins (Bcl-2). Taking these compounds and their molecular mechanisms
into account can help use them in combination with chemical drugs and develop new drugs.
The Diagnostic and Therapeutic Value of NCAPG as a Proposed Biomarker
Candidate in Acute Liver Failure
Authors: Zhang Lu , Ma Tao , Yan Yang , Chen Yu-Yan , Zhu Xin-Hua , Ren Hao-Zhen
Published: April 2023

Background:

Acute Liver Failure (ALF) is a difficult problem to solve in clinical practice.
The presence of non-SMC condensin I complex subunit G (NCAPG) has previously been
linked to vascular invasion of digestive system tumors, foreshadowing poor prognosis. Its role in
ALF biology, however, remains unknown. This article explores the role of NCAPG as a potential
biomarker candidate for the accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment of ALF.

Methods:

The study included transcription data (GSE14668, GSE38941, GSE62029, GSE96851,
and GSE120652) of ALF, normal tissues, and clinical samples, where NCAPG was selected as the
differential gene by the “DESeq2” R package to analyze the immune cell functions and signal
pathways. Furthermore, RT-qPCR and Western blot analyses were used to confirm the RNA and
protein levels of NCAPG in ALF cell models, respectively.

Results:

Bioinformatics analysis revealed that NACPG was up-regulated in ALF tissues, and the
functional signaling pathway was primarily associated with immune infiltration. Based on the results
of clinical samples, we suggest that NCAPG was overexpressed in ALF tissues. We also
found that the expression of NCAPG increased with the degree of liver injury in vitro. Enrichment
analysis suggested that NCAPG influenced ALF as a PI3K/AKT pathway activator.

Conclusion:

Our study suggests that NCAPG is a preliminary tool for the diagnosis of ALF. It can
affect ALF via the PI3K/AKT pathway and is a potential therapeutic target to improve prognosis.
An Investigation into the Potential Therapeutic Effects of the Qigu
Zhushui Decoction on Mouse Models of Malignant Ascites
Authors: Suo Wei , Wang Xixing , Liu Cong , He Shilin , Liu Likun , Hao Shulan
Published: April 2023

Aim:

To determine whether or not a decoction made from Qigu Zhushui has a suppressive
impact on malignant ascites in mice.

Background:

Malignant ascites are one of the common complications of advanced malignant tumors.
Patients with malignant ascites typically have a poor prognosis, with only 12 to 20 weeks of
survival. Currently, the standard treatments for malignant ascites are systemic chemotherapy,
which is ineffective in eradicating the disease and is associated with issues such as safety, short duration
of sustained high-level drug concentration in localised regions, and drug resistance.

Objective:

To clarify the effect of Qigu Zhushui decoction on inhibiting malignant ascites in mice
and provide the experimental basis for further research.

Methods:

The ascites model of liver cancer in mice was established by intraperitoneal injection of
the H22-H8D8 cell line of liver cancer. ELISA detected the content of CEA, VEGF and TNF-α in
ascites.

Results:

Qigu Zhushui decoction combined with cisplatin group and Qigu Zhushui decoction highdose
group could significantly reduce the weight, abdominal circumference and ascites volume of
mice, and their survival days and survival rate were also greatly improved; The levels of CEA and
VEGF in the combination group decreased significantly, while the level of TNF-α increased; The
level of TNF-a in the high dose group of Qigu Zhushui decoction was significantly increased,
while the level of CEA and VEGF in the moderate dose group was decreased.

Conclusion:

Qigu Zhushui decoction can reduce the malignant ascites in mice, and the combination
of Qigu Zhushui decoction and cisplatin has a significant anti-malignant ascites effect, which
can significantly prolong the survival time and improve the survival rate.
DNA-based Nanomaterials in the Immunotherapy
Authors: Huang Hongxiao , Gao Shaojingya , Cai Xiaoxiao
Published: April 2023

Background:

Nucleic acid is a genetic material that shows great potential in a variety of biological applications.
With the help of nanotechnology, the fabrication of DNA-based nanomaterials has emerged. From genetic
DNA to non-genetic functional DNA, from single-layer and flat structure to multi-layer and complex structure, and
from two-dimensional to three-dimensional structure, DNA-based nanomaterials have been greatly developed, bringing
significant changes to our lives. In recent years, the research of DNA-based nanomaterials for biological applications
has developed rapidly.

Methods:

We extensively searched the bibliographic database for a research article on nanotechnology and immunotherapy
and further discussed the advantages and drawbacks of current DNA-based nanomaterials in immunotherapy.
By comparing DNA-based nanomaterials with traditional biomaterials applied in immunotherapy, we found that
DNA-based nanomaterials are a promising candidate material in Immunotherapy.

Results:

Due to the unrivaled editability and biocompatibility, DNA-based nanomaterials are not only investigated as
therapeutic particles to influence cell behavior but also as drug delivery systems to treat a variety of diseases. Moreover,
when DNA-based nanomaterials are loaded with therapeutic agents, including chemical drugs and biomolecules,
which significantly enhance the therapeutic effects, DNA-based nanomaterials have great potential in immunotherapy.

Conclusion:

This review summarizes the structural development history of DNA-based nanomaterials and their
biological applications in immunotherapy, including the potential treatment of cancer, autoimmune diseases, and
inflammatory diseases.