bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Tinjauan Teoritas Penetapan VAT Threshold di indonesia
Authors: Lim Setiadi Alim
Published: April 2022

In designing a VAT, the determination of the threshold magnitude is one keyfactor in successful implementation of VAT. Basically, the determination of thelevel of the threshold by considering the magnitude of administrative costs andcompliance costs compared to tax revenue generated. Some countries such asGhana and Uganda have trouble in the early implementation of VAT due to thelow set of the level of the threshold. Hence the determination of the optimal levelof threshold has become a very important part in supporting the successfulimplementation of VAT. This paper is intended to evaluate the magnitude of thelevel of threshold applied in Indonesia. The analysis showed that the level ofthreshold applied in Indonesia in general its value does not vary much with theresults of calculations using the prevailing theory.
Pengaruh Harga, Promosi dan Produk Terhadap Keputusan Konsumen Membeli Handphone Blackberry di Surabaya
Authors: W.S.P. Thyophoida
Published: April 2022

Technological developments that occur when is progressing very rapidly and this is often with the changing times. One of the technological developments that have developed very rapidly is the field of communications technology, especially mobile phones. At this time cell phones have become a necessity for most of the people of Indonesia. Responding to this, the Blackberry mobile phone company offers the benefits inherent in the products it produces, which is where consumers can more easily communicate always obtain the latest information, providing a variety of features, price terjangkauan as well as design and good quality. Problems that would like addressed in this study are: 1. Whether prices, products, and promotions simultaneously affect consumer decisions to buy Blackberry phones in Surabaya? 2. Whether prices, products, and promotions partially affect consumer decisions to buy Blackberry phones in Surabaya? Based on calculations using SPSS for windows 16 known to the adjusted R2 value of 68.5% indicates that purchasing decisions can be explained by variebel free of 68.5% and 31.5% explained by other factors outside the model. that variable pricing, products, and promotions simultaneously influence the purchasing decisions for which the calculated F value 72.660 with a significant 0.000. Based on t test results of tests indicate that: Price variables significantly influence the purchase decision with a value of 5.681 t count bigger than t tables of 2.277 with a significant level of 0.000. Product variables significantly influence the purchase decision with a value of 6.751 for the value t count bigger than t tables of 2.277 with a significant level of 0.000, and promotion variables significantly influence the purchase decision with a value of 2.930 t count bigger than t tables of 2.277 with a significant level of 0.004 Based on the test results are known variables tj most dominant influence on product purchasing decisions which have the greatest value that is equal to 6.751.
Auswirkungen der ebenen Boden-Bauwerk-Interaktion auf die Eigenfrequenz von Eisenbahnrahmenbrücken/Influence of plane strain soil-structure interaction on the eigenfrequency of railroad frame bridges
Authors: Heiland Till , Thomas Leonard , Galiazzo Mark , Stempniewski Lothar , Stark A.
Published: April 2022

Die Auswirkungen der Boden-Bauwerk-Interaktion (BBI) auf die dynamischen Eigenschaften von Eisenbahnrahmenbrücken sind bei der Bewertung des Resonanzrisikos von besonderem Interesse. Zur Identifikation der grundlegenden BBI-Mechanismen wird in dieser Arbeit ein ebenes Interaktionsmodell aus Bodenhalbraum und Rahmenbrücke mit der Methode der finiten Elemente entworfen. Anhand umfangreicher Parameterstudien konnten, unter Variation der Geometrie und Bodensteifigkeit, insbesondere die Stützweite und die Überbaudicke beziehungsweise die Voutung als maßgebende Parameter auf die erste Biegeeigenfrequenz identifiziert werden. Gegenüber einer Variation der Bodensteifigkeiten reagiert das System robuster als erwartet. Entgegen der Vermutung zeigt die Parameterstudie, dass die Kombination aus massigem Widerlager und weichem Baugrund die erste Biegeeigenfrequenz ansteigen lässt. Die Ursache hierfür liegt im gegenphasigen Schwingen der Widerlager zum Brückenüberbau. Somit wechselt das System vom Ein-Massen-Schwinger in den Zustand eines Zwei-Massen-Schwingers.

 

Für die baupraktische Anwendung werden Empfehlungen zur Modellierung mit indirekten Ersatzmodellen und einer Handformel gegeben.
Effect of Concomitant Use of Syzygium Cumini (L.) Skeels Seed Powder and Metformin: An In-vivo Interaction Study
Authors: Geetika Pahuja , Shivani Ghildiyal , Praveen Asokan , Kamaraj Mani , Tanuja Nesari
Published: April 2022

Context: As the increasing herb-drug interactions have posed many questions about the safety and efficacy of concomitant use of many herbs and drugs. An attempt has been made to study the effect of Jamun (Syzygium cumini (L.) Skeels) seed powder (JSP) and metformin in diabetic rats. Aim: Interaction between JSP and Metformin Settings and Design: Dabur Research Foundation, Ghaziabad. Methods and Material: Sprague Dawley rats were divided into five groups of six each and were fasted for 2 hr before the experiment with water ad libitum. All Group G1 & G2 received, citrate buffer, group G3 received 500 mg/kg body weight of JSP, G4 received metformin 200 mg/kg BW, and G5 received JSP + metformin 200 mg/kg body weight each respectively. Diabetes was induced by administering an i.p. injection of nicotinamide at the dose of 110mg/kg 15 min. before the 50 mg/kg STZ injection in an ice-cold 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 4.5). Blood glucose levels were measured using a glucometer. Statistical analysis: Body weight was analyzed by two-way ANOVA, rest data by one-way ANOVA. Data expressed as Mean ± SEM. Results: The combined treatment showed a 25.37% and 43.0% reduction in BGL which is more than the individual effect of JSP and metformin on Day 1 and 8 respectively. Conclusions: The results indicate that the combination of JSP and metformin is having an additive effect and can be used safely to obtain a prolonged and sustained antidiabetic effect. Clinical significance: JSP along with Metformin can be given to manage very high blood glucose levels and also conditions like secondary failures to OHAs
Designing a System for Diagnosing and Rehabilitating Postural Deformity to Rotate the Shoulders for Students Aged (11-12) Years
Authors: Salman Dr Salah Mahmood
Published: April 2022

By observing the researcher and reviewing the reality of the educational process, he found that there are some deviations and morphological distortions, which lead to severe deformities if left undiagnosed, their severity and degree, and the development of special programs to rehabilitate them and return them to their normal, anatomically recognized position, including the rotation of the shoulders forward, so the researcher decided to use the Salah system to diagnose Rehabilitation of deviations and morphological distortions equipped with rehabilitation exercises for targeted deformation and appropriate for the ages of the research sample. The research aimed at designing a system for diagnosing and rehabilitating postural deformity to rotate the shoulders at the age of (11-12) years. The researcher assumed that there are statistically significant differences between the tribal, inter- and dimensional tests of morphological deformation and in favor of the post test. The researcher also used the experimental method in a one-group style with a pre-, inter- and post-test on the research sample in a deliberate way represented by (11) students in the first grade of primary school who had a deformity in the rotation of the shoulders of a medium degree. After applying the qualifying approach, the researcher reached several conclusions, including the effectiveness of the system In the detection of postural deformities, the roundness of the shoulders in the upper region of the body and their classification into simple, medium and severe, the effectiveness of corrective exercises on correcting the deformity of the rotation of the shoulders of medium degree.
The Effect of Bacteria on Dye
Authors: Mahmood Walaa Shakir
Published: April 2022

Microbiological and parasitological contamination of vegetables, water and soil in rural communities of a municipality was assessed. Samples were analyzed. Physical and chemical analyses were done. Background: Textile Industries are the major sector for social and economic perspective that discharge huge number of dye stuff containing recalcitrant compounds, pigments and dye etc. into the water. Aim: The aim of this study is to isolate and identify the textile dye degrading bacteria from textile effluents and examine the performance of bacteria that was able to completely decolorize the studied effluent after 3 weeks of incubation under agitation in an aerobic bioreactor. Methods and Materials: All the samples were collected and characterized. The isolated bacteria was characterized and identified by using cultural and biochemical techniques. Microbiological studied of contamination of water and soil in rural communities of a municipality was assessed. The decolorization of dye was measured using spectrophotometer of isolated bacteria. mixed isolates of species was selected for this study. Samples were analyzed. Physical and chemical analyses were done . Textile effluents (TEs) without correct treatment cause high environmental impact because they display several problems mainly due to toxicity and recalcitrance of dyestuffs. This study investigated the biosurfactant productions potentials of bacterial isolated from dye effluent. Enumeration, identification and characterization of the isolates were carried out using standard microbiological methods. The potential and ability to produce biosurfactants was determined using blood haemolytic tests, drop collapse and emulsification techniques. Results: gram negative and positive was the most effective decolorizers of textiles dyes than others bacterial species. A total of 16 organisms were isolated from different locations sampled, which are the predominant bacteria obtained from the three locations. Haemolysis results revealed that all the isolated bacterial strains exhibited haemolytic activity. The result of drop collapse test showed that all the isolated organisms had good collapsing ability, and all the isolated organism had positive oil spreading and emulsification ability. This study showed gram negative and positive species are potential biosurfactants producers and should be studied in greater details as strains improvement may enhance the activity of biosurfactants.
A Gauge Study of an Intercomparison Evaluation to Implement the use of Fine-Pitch Test Patterns for Surface Insulation Resistance (SIR) Testing of Solder Fluxes
Authors: Hunt Christopher
Published: April 2022

SIR is a recognised tool for establishing electrochemical reliability of electronic assemblies. Currently the test patterns in the standards reflect coarse pitch components. An intercomparison has been completed with the aim of establishing the introduction of a fine pitch SIR pattern with a 200µm gap. This exercise included the contribution from seven international participants. This new pattern moves the test method forward into the realm of current technologies where components of this pitch are common place. The study reported here validates the basis for the introduction of the new pattern, and confirms acceptable Gauge R&R for the SIR technique. The analysis also highlights the challenges in controlling humidity to achieve comparable results between different users. The results also point to the challenges in achieving acceptable Gauge R&R when measuring resistances >1011Ω.
Upaya Peningkatan Kualitas Hidup Masyarakat di Masa Pandemi Covid-19 Melalui Program KKM UIN Mengabdi
Authors: Rasmuin
Published: April 2022

Covid 19 yang mulai menyebar ke Indonesia sejak awal tahun 2020 telah memberikan dampak negatif dalam segala lini kehidupan bermasyarakat di negara ini. Mulai dari sosial, ekonomi, pendidikan dan keagamaan semuanya merasakan dampak yang sama dari pandemi ini. Perekonomian tersendat, pendidikan terganggu, ritual keagamaan yang tidak bisa dilakukan dengan bebas dan masih banyak lagi efek dari virus yang berasal dari Wuhan China ini. Dalam dunia pendidikan, pelaksanaan pendidikan yang semula dilaksanakan secara tatap muka semuanya dialihkan ke model dalam jaringan sehingga banyak sekali kendala dalam prosesnya. Kuliah Kerja Mengabdi (KKM) yang menjadi mata kuliah wajib bagi mahasiswa UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang juga terkena imbas dari wabah yang sedang melanda. KKM yang biasanya mahasiswa terjun langsung secara berkelompok ke desa-desa wilayah Malang Raya kini dilakukan secara mandiri dari rumah masing-masing. KKM DR UIN Mengabdi 2021 ini dilaksanakan dengan mengambil tema besar mengenai kesehatan khususnya kampanye mengenai pencegahan covid, pemberdayaan UMKM dan moderasi beragama. Metode pelaksanaan KKM ini adalah diawali dengan survei lokasi dan sosialisasi program kerja kepada masyarakat. Setelah itu baru dilaksanakan pelatihan dan pendidikan pada waktu yang telah ditentukan dan diakhiri dengan evaluasi program. Dari program pengabdian ini para pelaku UMKM dan warga Desa Plumbon telah mampu untuk membuat manik-manik berupa konektor masker sebagai produk baru bagi pengusaha manik-manik serta mampu membuat hand sanitizer secara mandiri. Selain itu pendidikan moderasi beragama yang disampaikan di TPQ kepada anak-anak selama pengabdian diharapkan mampu untuk mencegah bibit-bibit intoleran dan radikalisme sejak dini.
Program Penyuluhan Posyandu Remaja tentang Kesehatan Mental dan Memahami Pentingnya Menjaga Kesehatan di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19 Di Karangsemanding
Authors: Herliawati Putu Arik
Published: April 2022

Karena adanya peningkatan jumlah kasus masalah reproduksi pada remaja saat ini, ditambah dengan kondisi pandemi Covid-19 yang dapat menyebabkan kelalaian remaja dalam menjaga kebersihan reproduksi berpotensi menimbulkan masalah kesehatan pada remaja putri di panti asuhan. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan berpikir kritis remaja putri tentang perubahan fisik remaja di rumah serta untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan remaja putri tentang manajemen kebersihan saat menstruasi selama masa pandemi Covid-19. Kegiatan dilaksanakan secara tatap muka pada tanggal 13 September 2021 dengan menggunakan metode ceramah. Metode ceramah dipilih untuk memberikan penjelasan tentang manajemen kebersihan menstruasi selama pandemi Covid-19 dan pengenalan perubahan fisik remaja selama di rumah. Metode tanya jawab juga dilaksanakan agar peserta dapat menggali pengetahuan lebih banyak tentang materi yang disampaikan. Hasil kegiatan menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan, pemahaman, dan kemampuan peserta dalam memahami materi yang disampaikan. Hasil post-test menunjukkan adanya peningkatan persentase sampai 100% untuk pertanyaan terkait pengetahuan tentang menstruasi yang dikatakan normal apabila terjadi selama di rumah, perubahan fisik yang terjadi pada seseorang jika beranjak remaja, dan cara kebersihan menstruasi selama Covid-19. Diharapkan kegiatan seperti ini akan sering dilakukan di derah lain demi mencapai tujuan kesadaran kesehatan reproduksi remaja dalam kondisi pandemi.
Evaluation of effect of core build-up materials on fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth
Authors: Linju Vijay , Singh V.P Prabath , Madhu Hariharan , Gayathri Presannakumar
Published: April 2022

Background: Restoration of teeth after endodontic treatment is becoming an integral part of reconstructive dentistry. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different core build-up materials on fracture resistance of endodontic ally treated teeth. Materials and methods:Freshly extracted forty permanent mandibular first molars were selected. Standardized access cavities were prepared, following which mesial canals were prepared up to F2 (8%25) and distal canals up to F3 (9%30)and obturated. The coronal portion of the specimen was altered by removing the mesial wall and retaining buccal, lingual and mesial walls of 2mm and distal 5mm girth.Ten specimens each were rehabilitated with high copper amalgam, type IX GIC, posterior composite and Alkasite as core build-ups. All the specimens were finally rehabilitated with a metal crown. The specimens were tested for fracture resistance using a universal testing machine under oblique (135oto the long axis of teeth) cyclic loading. The number of cycles taken to fracture,and the fracture site was recorded.The results of mechanical cyclic loading to evaluate fracture resistance showed that compositecore endured the maximum number of cycles to fracture followed by amalgam, Alkasite and type IX GIC.To test the statistical significance inthe difference of mean value KICamong four groups, Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance was applied. Bonferroni’s multiple comparison test was performed to determine which group significantly differed from the others. Results:From the results of this study, the composite was considered to be the best core build-up material. The newer material, Alkasite can bear stress almost to that of amalgam restoration. Conclusion:This studysuggeststhat Alkasite could be used as a core material for restoring the endodontically treated teeth.
An overview of applications of PEEK polymer in prosthodontics.
Authors: Ashraf Cheruvu Mohammed , M Sujesh , Kumar C Ravi , A Rajanikanth , Rao Duggineni Chalapathi , K Sunitha
Published: April 2022

he rapid evolution of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) led to the introduction of newer materials that could be precisely milled for the fabrication of dental prostheses. PEEK (PolyEtherEtherKetone) has been explored for a number of applications for clinical dentistry, including removable dental prostheses, fixed dental prostheses, implant-supported prostheses, resin-bonded fixed dental prostheses and implant-retained overdentures. The major beneficial property of PEEK is its lower Young's modulus, and as elastic as bone, providing a cushioning effect and reduction of stress transferred to abutment teeth. It is a material with high biocompatibility, good mechanical properties, high-temperature resistance, chemical stability, polishability, good wear resistance, and high bond strength with luting cements. Further, PEEK is also recommended for a wide range of CAD-CAM fabricated fixed and removable prostheses, fabrication of occlusal splints, intra-radicular posts, implant abutments and provisional restorations. PEEK material shows a property of radiolucency, which is advantageous for the evaluation of both osseointegrationand tissue surrounding the implant on computed tomography. Considering these properties, PEEK is increasingly being used in implantology.
Kepastian Hukum Penerapan Kriteria Kewenangan Penyidikan Perkara Tindak Pidana Korupsi oleh Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi Republik Indonesia
Authors: Tallaut Lambertus Josua , Adhari Ade
Published: April 2022

Tindak pidana korupsi pada tahap penyidikan, kewenangannya dimiliki oleh Kejaksaan, Kepolisan dan juga KPK. Kewenangan KPK diatur dalam Pasal 11 UU KPK. Meski demikian, dalam praktik, Kejaksaan menyidik perkara Tipikor yag menjadi kewenangan KPK, yang berakibat pada munculnya ketidakpastian hukum.Tujuan dari peneilitian ini adalah untuk memahami tentang esensi dari kepastian hukum, serta penerapannya dikaitkan dengan kewenangan menyidik KPK secara normatif, juga disidik oleh Kejaksaan. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis-empiris, pendekatan penelitin adalah pendekatan undang-undang dan pendekata kasus. Kepastian adalah nilai hukum yang mendasari lahirnya azas dan norma hukum, oleh karena itu harus dijunjung karena konsekuensinya adalah tujuan daripada hukum. Tindakan kejaksaan menyidik perkara Tipikor merupakan kewenangan KPK menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum yang artinya melanggar nilai kepastian hukum. Alasan kejaksaan yang menyatakan bahwa Pasal 11 hanyalah norma jelas tidak benar, karena Pasal 11 adalah bagian dari kebijakan formulasi hukum pidana yang strategis dan juga perkara yang disidik oleh Kejaksaan tersbebut meinumbulkan masalah karena tidak mengajukan kasasi terhadap putusan PT DKI Jakarta yang dinilai menciderai rasa keadilan. Tindaka Kejaksaan melanggar nilai kepastian hukum, menciderai karakteristik negara hukum serta menciderai strategisitas kebijakan hukum pidana pada tahapan formulasi.
Penerapan Fungsi Hukum Pidana Dalam Kasus Investasi Bodong
Authors: Rahma Adalia Safira , Fitrionio Riska Andi , Danuarta Aldi , Chamami Muhammad Rizka , Cahyani Yola Septania
Published: April 2022

Hukum memiliki fungsi yaitu untuk mengatur jalannya kehidupan masyarakat suatu negara dimana hukum itu berlaku. Hukum ini memberikan batasan pada perilaku manusia untuk tidak melanggar hak-hak dan kewajiban yang telah ditetapkan di dalam hukum tersebut. Namun, tentu saja akan muncul tindakan-tindakan tidak sesuai atau melawan hukum yang dilakukan walaupun telah dibatasi oleh aturan yang ditetapkan. Disaat inilah hukum pidana berperan dalam menanggulangi kejahatan yang berpotensi mengancam stabilitas dan kepastian hukum dalam masyarakat. Penelitian ini berfokus pada kasus pidana penipuan investasi yang viral akhir-akhir ini yang dilakukan oleh seorang tokoh terkenal. Menggunakan pendekatan studi kasus secara empiris dan mengikuti perkembangan kasus yang diperbarui dari waktu ke waktu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pembahasan atas pengimplementasian fungsi hukum dalam kasus yang terjadi masa kini. Dengan demikian, melalui penelitian ini, dapat diketahui bahwa hukum dapat berperan sesuai fungsinya dalam penyelesaian berbagai kasus pidana di Indonesia.
Peer to Peer Lending Sebagai Alternatif Penyaluran Pembiayaan Lembaga Keuangan Mikro
Authors: Sihite Trinov Gira Thimoteus , Cahyono Akhmad Budi
Published: April 2022

Pengaturan dan pengawasan distribusi modal dalam suatu Lembaga Keuangan Mikro saat ini masih belum berjalan secara maksimal mengingat masih banyaknya entitas yang mengalami keterbatasan modal operasional untuk mengembangkan usaha. Hal ini mendorong suatu inovasi bagi pihak yang cermat dalam melihat peluang ekonomi, salah satunya adalah Fintech Lending. Fintech sebagai salah satu pioneer digital yang dapat mengakselerasi perputaran ekonomi serta mempermudah transaksi keuangan termasuk akses pendanaan bagi masyarakat. Diharapkan dengan adanya disrupsi tekonologi dapat meningkatkan persaingan di antara pelaku bisnis jasa keuangan di Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kehadiran maupun fungsi Fintech Lending sebagai solusi alternatif sumber pembiayaan bagi Lembaga Keuangan Mikro yang mengalami kesulitan permodalan untuk berusaha, dan untuk memberikan pemahaman kepada Lembaga Keuangan Mikro perihal perlindungan hukum secara preventif serta represif apabila suatu waktu sebuah Lembaga Keuangan Mikro melakukan perjanjian kerjasama untuk mengadakan proyek pembiayaan mikro. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah secara normatif, yaitu melalui telaah studi pustaka/ dokumen hukum. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Fintech Lending dapat berkolaborasi dengan Lembaga Keuangan Mikro untuk mewujudkan pemerataan ekonomi kerakyatan.
El sujeto-archivo digital: tecnologías archivísticas de subjetivación en la red
Authors: VALLEJOS PABLO IGNACIO , GAINZA CAROLINA
Published: April 2022

Este artículo busca analizar los procesos de subjetivación en entornos digitales, para lo cual se propone el concepto de ‘sujeto-archivo digital’. La definición de dicho concepto requiere el estudio y análisis crítico tanto de obras teóricas, filosóficas y literarias. Estas desarrollan temáticas competentes para la presente investigación sobre el archivo, la subjetividad, el ser humano y la tecnología. De esta forma, el concepto ‘sujeto-archivo digital’ responde a inquietudes que nacen sobre las nuevas formas de concebir al ser humano y sus relaciones con las tecnologías digitales, con el mundo y con otros, debido a que los cambios culturales, sociales, económicos y políticos de las últimas décadas han sido una vorágine que ha hecho tambalear algunas de las certidumbres sobre el mundo y su configuración.
Constraining Warm Dark Matter and Population III Stars with the Global 21 cm Signal
Authors: Hibbard Joshua J. , Mirocha Jordan , Rapetti David , Bassett Neil , Burns Jack O. , Tauscher Keith
Published: April 2022

Upcoming ground- and space-based experiments may have sufficient accuracy to place significant constraints upon high-redshift star formation, Reionization, and dark matter (DM) using the global 21 cm signal of the intergalactic medium. In the early universe, when the relative abundance of low-mass DM halos was important, measuring the global signal would place constraints on the damping of structure formation caused by DM having a higher relic velocity (warm dark matter, or WDM) than in cold dark matter. Such damping, however, can be mimicked by altering the star formation efficiency (SFE) and can be difficult to detect because of the presence of Population III stars with unknown properties. We study these various cases and their degeneracies with the WDM mass parameter m
X using a Fisher matrix analysis. We study the m
X = 7 keV case and a star formation model that parameterizes the SFE as a strong function of halo mass and include several variations of this model along with three different input noise levels for the likelihood; we also use a minimum halo virial temperature for collapse near the molecular cooling threshold. We find that when the likelihood includes only Population II stars, m
X is constrained to an uncertainty of ∼0.4 keV for all models and noise levels at the 68% confidence level. When the likelihood includes weak Population III stars, m
X ∼ 0.3 keV, and if Population III star formation is relatively efficient, m
X ∼ 0.1 keV uncertainty, with tight Population III star formation parameter constraints. Our results show that the global 21 cm signal is a promising test-bed for WDM models, even in the presence of strong degeneracies with astrophysical parameters.
Five Key Exoplanet Questions Answered via the Analysis of 25 Hot-Jupiter Atmospheres in Eclipse
Authors: Changeat Q. , Edwards B. , Al-Refaie A. F. , Tsiaras A. , Skinner J. W. , Cho J. Y. K. , Yip K. H. , Anisman L. , Ikoma M. , Bieger M. F. , Venot O. , Shibata S. , Waldmann I. P. , Tinetti G.
Published: April 2022

Population studies of exoplanets are key to unlocking their statistical properties. So far, the inferred properties have been mostly limited to planetary, orbital, and stellar parameters extracted from, e.g., Kepler, radial velocity, and Gaia data. More recently an increasing number of exoplanet atmospheres have been observed in detail from space and the ground. Generally, however, these atmospheric studies have focused on individual planets, with the exception of a couple of works that have detected the presence of water vapor and clouds in populations of gaseous planets via transmission spectroscopy. Here, using a suite of retrieval tools, we analyze spectroscopic and photometric data of 25 hot Jupiters, obtained with the Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes via the eclipse technique. By applying the tools uniformly across the entire set of 25 planets, we extract robust trends in the thermal structure and chemical properties of hot Jupiters not obtained in past studies. With the recent launch of the James Webb Space Telescope and the upcoming missions Twinkle and Ariel, population-based studies of exoplanet atmospheres, such as the one presented here, will be a key approach to understanding planet characteristics, formation, and evolution in our galaxy.
Vanishing and spreading conditions for a free-boundary epidemic model with subclinical infections and vaccination
Authors: Chen Fangyuan , Chen Siya , Yang Weizhong
Published: April 2022

This paper presents a free-boundary epidemic model with subclinical infections and vaccination.We prove the existence and uniqueness of solutions to the model.Moreover, sufficient conditions for the disease vanishing and spreading are given.The disease will vanish if the basic reproduction number $ R_0 < 1 $, that the corresponding ODE model defines without spatial expansion. However, the disease will spread to the whole area if $ R^F_0(t_0) > 1 $ for some $ t_0 > 0 $ when it is introduced spatial heterogeneity. $ R^F_0(0) < R_0 $ implies that the spillovers from hotspots to areas with no confirmed cases will reduce the outbreak threshold and increase the difficulty of prevention and control in the whole region. Under the condition $ R^F_0(0) < 1 < R_0 $, if the free boundary condition of infectives $ h(t) < \infty $, $ t \to \infty $, then the disease is vanishing, which indicates that $ R^F_0(0) < 1 $ can also control the disease if the scope of hotspots expansion is limited. Furthermore, the numerical simulations illustrate that the routine vaccination would decrease the basic reproduction number and then change the disease from spreading to vanishing.
Techniques and Applications of KSTAR Plasma Equilibrium Reconstruction Analysis
Authors: KIM Hyun-Seok
Published: April 2022

Plasma gathered in a space tries to disperse under its own pressure. In the Tokamak, it is prevented using the force of the magnetic field and the plasma current. Therefore, when the force is balanced, the current, magnetic field, and pressure of the plasma are connected by a relationship. The equation describing this plasma equilibrium is called the Grad-Shafranov equation, and the plasma equilibrium analysis basically interprets this equation to find the magnetic field structure in the plasma and the spatial distribution of macroscopic physical quantities of the plasma. All Tokamak devices in the world, as well as KSTAR, essentially perform the plasma equilibrium analysis. The plasma equilibrium analysis is used to obtain the macroscopic physical quantities including the magnetic field structure of the experiment firstly and for in-depth analysis such as modeling and simulation. In addition, plasma equilibrium analysis is used to control plasma shape in real time.
Future of Diagnostics Techniques for Fusion Reactor Control
Authors: NAM Yong Un
Published: April 2022

One of the key element for the commecial fusion reactor is stable operation scenario to maintain high performance plasma. Machine learning and artificial intelligence techniques could make a break-through for finding optimum scenario and for developing the plasma control system. Diagnostics should provide data set including essential information of tokamak plasma. Systematic integration of control system and diagnostics sensors is necessary to maximize the plasma performance and to increase economic efficiency of the reactor. Synthetic diagnostics and Bayesian analysis techniques could be solutions to develop the control diagnostics of future reactor.
Deep Learning and KSTAR Superconducting Magnet
Authors: KWON Giil , LEE Hyunjung
Published: April 2022

Deep learning is a kind of machine learning method that trains artificial neural networks imitating human brain biological models using huge data. It enables a computer to do intelligent tasks such as voice recognition, image recognition instead of humans. Currently, deep learning is attracting a lot of attention as it solves the limitations of artificial neural networks, accelerates computation through hardware development, and generates a large amount of high-quality data that can be learned due to the development of IT technology. In this article, We will look into how artificial intelligence and machine learning, which is the basis of deep learning, have developed and, accordingly, how deep learning has developed to the present day. And we will briefly introduce representative deep learning methods using widely.
Algorithmic Audiences, Serialized Streamers, and the Discontents of Datafication
Authors: Gilbert Anne
Published: April 2022

This article addresses streaming television platforms’ reliance on algorithms, serial narratives, and user interfaces and the effect of these strategies on the television viewing audience. The datafication of television means that opaque, proprietary computational processes play a significant role in the television that gets made, in steering viewing to particular series, and in reshaping the identity of the viewing public. User interfaces, data tracking, seriality, and algorithms have thus far proven inadequate for navigating the vast databases offered by streaming platforms. In practice, these systems off-load work to viewers and actively create obstacles to the formation of a collective viewing experience. Algorithmic audiences are trained to be sequential, isolated viewers, whose work of watching occurs in labor-intensive ways.
Innovation for Sustainability in World Heritage Destinations
Authors: Høegh-Guldberg Olga , Maziliauske Evelina , Eide Dorthe , Ryan Anne Wally
Published: April 2022

Experience-based sectors are increasingly used to transform rural communities into attractive places to live, work, and visit. However, such experience-based transformations (EBT) can bring sustainability challenges. The fields of sustainability and innovation have merged and developed into three paradigms to innovation for sustainability (IFS): skeptic, pragmatic, and idealistic. This chapter explores and develops the idealistic paradigm by using the ecological economy (EE) and community-based sustainability (CBS) approaches. Narratives from two cultural world heritage destinations in Norway are used to illustrate potentials and challenges of using the idealistic paradigm in EBT. The comparison of EE and CBS shows some overlaps but also differences, hence possible complementarity. Holistic sustainability and broad partnerships are central, but also ambitious, complex, and still rare, calling upon methods for involvement and conflict solving. Further research exploring these and other approaches and empirical research are needed to further concretize the idealistic paradigm.
Local Perspectives on Cultural Tourism and Cultural Sustainability
Authors: Terkenli Theano S. , Georgoula Vasiliki
Published: April 2022

The objective of the chapter is to explore cultural tourism perceptions, practices, concerns, and prospects among local residents and business representatives in the Cyclades, specifically three sites (Andros, Syros, and Santorini), and to draw their implications for local cultural sustainability. For this purpose, it relies methodologically on an on-site intensive questionnaire survey, effectuated in the context of the SPOT HORIZON2020 EU project (2020-22) on cultural tourism. The findings show that the role of culture as an actual tourism attraction and the potential for further growth in cultural tourism, and consequently in local development, are broadly recognized from all sides involved in the survey. Conversely, the role of tourism in these destinations' cultural development, management, and appropriation is viewed with some trepidation and ambivalence, while, in the relative absence of the state, local residents and tourism- or culture-related businesses appear to have taken most aspects of cultural tourism planning and management in their hands.
Application of Digital Technologies
Authors: Iyer Shankar Subramanian
Published: April 2022

The application of digital technologies in supply chain and logistics is immense and the most important happening in the last decade. The advent of COVID-19 has forced changes in the supply chain and some cases disrupted it. In some cases, it has been a do-or-die situation as social distancing and passenger travel and essentials have affected most economies. China controlled about 40% of the global supply chain, and most countries were made to change and initiate alternative supply chains to reduce the risk. The purpose of this study is to study how the emerging technologies of blockchain, virtual reality, artificial intelligence, machine learning are the few additions to enhance the supply chain. The supply chain digitalization will lead to cost reduction, improved efficiency, data security, and storage of the information. The emerging technologies are poised to revolutionize the supply chain and logistics. The study uses qualitative approach to showcase the expert opinion of stakeholders on this topic and contribute to the scarce data available currently.
Managing Supply Chain Risk and Uncertainty in the Post-Pandemic Era
Authors: Sinha Gyanesh Kumar , Dhingra Deepika
Published: April 2022

The pandemic due to COVID-19 has not only disrupted supply chains all around the world but has also tested the resilience and flexibility of supply chain leaders globally. With the virus still alive and several regions and economies in lockdown, disruption to supply chains continues to be severe. As economies restart, having an efficient supply chain will be critical to supplying goods and services quickly, safely, and securely. Business leaders are expected to respond and take immediate actions to sustain business operations to serve their customers, clients, and stakeholders that includes protecting and supporting their human resources. The chapter discusses the risk and uncertainties that have arisen due to pandemics. It also presents the framework for the supply chain post-COVID-19 scenario and proposes an action plan and the model that can build resiliency and improve efficiency and visibility across the supply chain. The action plan will facilitate communities to manage short-term crises and enable businesses to be customer-centric and help economies rebound.
E-Government Privacy and Security Challenges in the Context of Internet of Things
Authors: Ujjan Raja Majid Ali , Khan Navid Ali , Gaur Loveleen
Published: April 2022

The internet of things (IoT) is becoming more significant in everyday life as a mechanism for making major decisions in different fields as smart devices and data in real time are connected and updated. IoT is being used in a variety of ways to provide digital services to the public. Online payment, property purchase, and sailing are just a few examples. On the other hand, users' complaints about the safety and privacy of their personal information are growing. The internet of things (IoT) is becoming more popular and significantly enhances e-government. This chapter primarily focuses on how potential users can obtain information to use the internet of things and its related services within the e-government sectors. There are several technological, administrative, and political challenges to IoT adoption problems in e-government and legal problems that must be solved to develop effective and required applications. It's crucial to explore these problems and potential solutions.
Emerging Cybersecurity Threats in the Eye of E-Governance in the Current Era
Authors: Muzafar Saira , Humayun Mamoona , Hussain Syed Jawad
Published: April 2022

The growing technologies in the world include machine learning (ML), the internet of things (IoT), and artificial intelligence (AI). Cybersecurity is the application of technologies that play a significant part in making secure data and reducing the risk among the users, such as computer programs, networks, data, and devices from the different cyber-attacks. In the current era of communication and information technologies, it is not possible to think of a good government without e-government. The main objective of this chapter is to look at the last 10 years of associated research articles, book chapters, and published reports on cybersecurity threats and attacks focused and founded on the e-government applications and emerging technologies for the measurement of cybersecurity. The results of this research have been used on machine learning techniques for taking authentic and scientific results. In the light of the studies, a new door will open for researchers and professionals.
Argument for Improved Security in Local Governments Within the Economic Community of West African States
Authors: Dawson Maurice , Walker Damon
Published: April 2022

The Economic Community of West African States is an economic region located in West Africa. This region has a population of over 349 million and representation for approximately 15 countries. With the explosion of technological advances in agriculture, healthcare, and personal device use, cybersecurity has become an important issue. Coupled with dictatorships, corrupt regimes, religious extremists, and other illicit activities, it is imperative that cybersecurity become a cornerstone in local governments to ensure the safety of citizens. This chapter reviews recent literature that surrounds West African states to present an argument on why cybersecurity must be considered essential for local governments. Observations and interviews were conducted at a government facility concerning its security posture as it relates to physical and cybersecurity. This activity included interviews with senior government officials and employees to understand the state of affairs at the organization.
The Impact of Blockchain Technology on Advanced Security Measures for E-Government
Authors: Ujjan Raja Majid Ali , Hussain Khalid , Brohi Sarfraz Nawaz
Published: April 2022

Implementation of blockchain with e-government has raised several complexities. When an area has satisfied the requirements for e-government implementation, new challenges will appear. As a result of the information technology revolution, governments and industries are being forced to deliver more effective and secure internet services. Every government in the world attempts to provide the public with electronic services that are fast, quick, and beneficial for the users. Blockchain is considered to have significant potential benefits for the government since it is a combination of technologies such as distributed ledgers, privacy, authentication, and consensus mechanisms. However, this advanced technology is still in its development, and e-government faces a number of difficulties and challenges. The goal of this chapter is to evaluate this advanced technology in the context of high-level e-government security and privacy implementation measures and other technical issues during the adaption of blockchain technology.
Cybersecurity Issues and Challenges for E-Government During COVID-19
Authors: Shah Imdad Ali
Published: April 2022

Cyber-attacks can steal information by applying different methods and activities of cyber criminals, thereby destroying data, computer programs, and networking on one or more computers. There is an increase in new technology among users, and it provides them with more convenience. On the other hand, cyber-attacks are increasing dramatically today. The world is completely focused on creating social distancing between people. During the WHO-recommended COVID-19 pandemic, billions of people around the world are working from home, with shops and businesses closed. In their investigation of the environment, researchers have uncovered a notable type of cybercrime that has an impact on society and businesses. The pandemic has accelerated the transition of government employees and businesses to an actual workplace ecosystem. Dramatic changes in the workplace have created new and multi-layered challenges in dealing with cybersecurity risks and threats. Cyber-attacks can create problems that are detrimental to the economy, human privacy, and national security. These attacks have different perspectives on the problem and need to be understood first. In this chapter, the authors highlight several essential concerns and challenges facing e-government development as well as different departments that provide e-services. They also focus on and peer evaluate the major concerns and challenges facing e-government growth from a holistic perspective, offering methodologies and policy recommendations to address them in a complete and inclusive manner.
Exploring Data Science Initiatives Through an International Lens
Authors: Mani Nandita S. , Jones Emily P. , Carlson Rebecca , Limani Fidan , Latif Atif , Tochtermann Klaus , Hamad Faten , Urquhart Christine J. , Lemieux Victoria , Ames Sarah , Bain Jenna , Clark Justin M.
Published: April 2022

Application of data science tools, techniques, and principles have increased within the field of library and information science. This trend is especially noticeable in academic libraries where strategic priorities around data science initiatives have been created to further support and add value to the research enterprises at their institutions. This chapter seeks to highlight a global outlook on how data science has been addressed in library and information studies via case studies in areas including digital humanities, machine learning, and visual analytics. Increasing awareness of how partners across the globe are addressing data science needs at their institutions can help raise visibility of how data science can be infused and utilized within a variety of contexts.
Librarians as Partners in Biomedical Data Science
Authors: Federer Lisa
Published: April 2022

Over the last decade, biomedical research and clinical practice have been transformed in many ways by the same technological advances that have made the world increasingly data driven. Journal and funder policies that promote data sharing also mean that not only do we have more data, but that more of it is available for researchers around the world to leverage in their pursuit of knowledge to advance human health. While the rise of biomedical big data has facilitated important advances, biomedical data science involves a unique set of challenges. Fortunately, librarians and information professionals are well suited to engage with researchers on many of these issues, making academic libraries ideally situated to serve as partners in advancing biomedical data science. Although the opportunities are many, this chapter specifically highlights five areas where librarians' skills make them valuable collaborators.
Orienting Data Services in the Library
Authors: Dahdul Wasila , Dickerson Madelynn , Kane Danielle
Published: April 2022

This chapter describes the evolution of a department in a large academic library dedicated to the provision of research support for data and related digital scholarship services. Topics covered include an overview of organizational changes and priorities in the library, alignment of services to available infrastructure, and approaches to outreach and instruction that have been successful in meeting ever-changing researcher needs. The authors describe staffing and staff training, data repositories and related systems, and common topics covered in consultations and workshops over the past decade with particular focus on development and delivery of a Carpentries-based instruction program. The chapter concludes with reflections on considerations for the future and broad recommendations for the ways libraries can continue to meet emerging data science needs in a research university context.
Research Data Management in Kenya's Agricultural Research Institutes
Authors: Ng'eno Emily Jeruto , Mutula Stephen M.
Published: April 2022

The purpose of this study was to examine research data management (RDM) in Kenya's agricultural research institutes with the view to proposing interventions to improve management, sharing, and reuse of agricultural research output. The objectives of the study were twofold: to assess the status of research data management in Kenya's agricultural research institutes and to determine the legal and policy framework, ICT infrastructure, and human capital available to facilitate RDM in Kenya's agricultural research institutes. The findings of the study revealed that RDM legal framework did not exist in the institutes surveyed; the RDM policies and regulations were not updated as necessary; the institutes suffered from inadequacies of technical infrastructure, skills, and collaborative partnerships. The study recommended, among others, the establishment of a formal data governance structure to address RDM issues, institutional and policy framework for RDM, capacity building programs, incentives for researchers, and a sound technical infrastructure.