bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ketahanan Kubis Bunga Larisa F1 terhadap Serangan Plutella xylostela pada Aplikasi Beberapa Dosis NPK dan Tanaman Pagar
Authors: Putri Sekar Utami , Kartina Raida , Darma Wika Anrya , Rahhutami Ratih
Published: November 2024

Kubis bunga merupakan sayur family Brassicaceae yang memiliki nilai ekonomi tinggi. Namun kubis bunga mudah mengalami penurunan nilai ekonomi dikarenakan produksi kubis bunga yang diserang oleh Plutella xylostella. Serangan P.xylostella bisa mencapai 50-100%, sehingga perlu pengendalian terpadu untuk bisa mengendalikan secara efektif dan efisien. Pengendalian kultur teknis dan biologi menjadi pengendalian yang diaplikasikan pada penelitian ini. Tujuan penelitian ini mengkaji ketahanan kubis bunga terhadap serangan P.xylostella dengan pengaplikasian tanaman pagar dan dosis NPK pada kubis bunga. Penelitian disusun dengan rancangan acak kelompok lengkap dengan dua faktor. Faktor pertama jenis tanaman pagar yaitu bawang daun, tomat rampai dan tagetes, sedangkan faktor kedua dosis NPK yaitu 100, 200, 300, 400 dan 500 kg/ ha. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat interaksi nyata pada variabel tinggi tanaman, waktu muncul bunga, berat bobot bunga dan serangan P.xylostella. Namun jenis border tagetes mampu menekan serangan P.xylostella. Serangan P.xylostella mencapai 33%.
Libyan Legal Translation Landscape: An Exploratory Study
Authors: Hamza Ethelb
Published: November 2024

This exploratory study investigates the Libyan legal translation landscape. It examines the intricate challenges and opportunities faced by legal translators in Libya. The research focuses on four key areas: the influence of Islamic law and Sharia principles on legal translation practices and the specific challenges faced by translators in this unique legal context; the key linguistic and cultural challenges encountered by legal translators within Libya's multilingual and multicultural landscape; the existing resources, training programs, and professional networks available to legal translators in Libya; and the influence of the structure and key components of the Libyan legal system on the process and challenges of legal translation. The study employed a questionnaire-based methodology, with data collected from 19 experienced legal translators working in Libya. The findings highlight the profound impact of Islamic law and Sharia principles on translation practices. The results stressed the essential role of legal translation in ensuring equitable access to justice and call for comprehensive efforts to strengthen the Libyan legal translation landscape through targeted interventions.
ЕМОЦІЙНЕ ВИГОРАННЯ ЯК ПОКАЗНИК ПРОФЕСІЙНОЇ ДЕЗАДАПТАЦІЇ ПЕДАГОГІВ СИСТЕМИ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОЇ ОСВІТИ
Authors: Погрібна Альона Олександрівна , Мелоян Анаіт Едуардівна
Published: November 2024

Мета. В умовах реформування системи освіти в Україні заявлена тематика набуває особливої значущості та актуальності. Одним із найбільш розповсюджених та небезпечних наслідків негативного впливу професії на особистість ми вважаємо емоційне вигорання, що і визначило мету нашої роботи – дослідити особливості емоційного вигорання як показника професійної дезадаптації у педагогів системи спеціальної освіти. Методи. Для розв’язання дослідницької проблеми було використано надійні і валідні психодіагностичні методики – «Діагностика емоційного вигорання» В.В. Бойка та опитувальник оцінки рівня психофізіологічної професійної дезадаптації О.М. Родіної, в адаптації М.А. Дмитрієвої. Збір емпіричних даних проводився як в групах, так і індивідуально, з дотриманням усіх етичних вимог. Результати. Було встановлено широку розповсюдженість ознак емоційного вигорання у досліджуваній групі – 88,8% респондентів. Визначено, що домінуюча фаза емоційного вигорання у даному педагогічному середовищі – резистенція, ступінь вираженості якої у 59,2% респондентів відповідають «рівню сформованості», у 40,8% – «рівню формування». Встановлено найбільш поширені симптоми емоційного вигорання у педагогів системи спеціальної освіти: за фазою напруги – симптом «переживання психотравмуючих обставин»; за фазою резистенції – «неадекватне емоційне вибіркове реагування», «розширення сфери економії емоцій», «редукція професійних обов’язків»; за фазою виснаження – «психосоматичні й психовегетативні порушення». Найменшою представленістю у даній категорії досліджуваних виявився симптом, що вказує на незадоволеність собою за фазою напруги. На основі даних кореляційного аналізу та таблиці спряженості було визначено специфіку зв’язків між показниками емоційного вигорання та показниками психофізіологічної професійної дезадаптації у вчителів спеціальних шкіл для дітей з вадами інтелекту. Висновки. На основі результатів психодіагностичного дослідження було визначено особливості емоційного вигорання у досліджуваному педагогічному середовищі. Доведено деструктивний характер емоційного вигорання як синдрому професійного стресу. Проаналізовано психофізіологічний аспект професійної дезадаптації вчителів спеціальної школи та визначено його специфіку. На основі аналізу статистично значущих зв’язків між досліджуваними категоріями доведено правомірність розгляду емоційного вигорання як показника професійної дезадаптації педагога системи спеціальної освіти. Встановлено можливість створювати психологічні прогнози щодо виникнення та розвитку професійної дезадаптації даної категорії педагогів на основі аналізу наявних у них проявів емоційного вигорання, що безумовно є цінністю даної роботи.
Evaluation of Antifungal Activity of Oil Extracted from Two Varieties of Tomato Seeds against Fungal organisms Causing Rot in Tomato Fruits
Authors: Ameh Linis Owoicho , Ujoh John Adole , Ochida Comfort Onyeche
Published: November 2024

Evaluation of the antifungal activity of oil extracted from two varieties of tomato seeds against fungal organisms causing rot in tomato fruits was carried out in Makurdi. The presence of decay caused by Fungi on tomatoes results in postharvest losses. Riogrande and Roma VF tomato seeds were washed, dried at 50˚C for 3 days in an oven, and milled. With the aid of a soxhlet extractor, using n-Hexane at 40-60°C for 6 hours, oil was extracted from the milled samples. Analysis of the oil revealed that oil is stable, translucent, and highly penetrating. A portion of tomatoes showing signs and symptoms of rot were detached, sterilized, and placed in a medium of Potato Dextrose Agar for one week for fungal growth. Fungi growths were identified macroscopically and microscopically and matched with standards. Fungi such as Curvularia affinis, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger, and Penicillium waksmanii were isolated. The pour plate method was used for fungi growth in the presence of the oil extracted. At days 3-7, the Riogrande seed oil media inhibit the growth of the isolated fungi with Aspergillus niger having the highest inhibition ranging from 1.333 to 1.733 mm and the Roma seed oil media inhibit the growth of Curvularia affinis with the highest inhibition ranging from 1.266 to 1.950 mm and while the control ranged from 3.533 to 8.100 mm. The results showed that numerous fungi are involved in rot of tomatoes and the extracted oil contains phytochemicals that are responsible for inhibiting fungal growth in the plates.
Impact of AI on Secure Cloud Computing: Opportunities and Challenges
Authors: Jones Rebet
Published: November 2024

This paper explores the intersection of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and cloud computing, focusing on the security implications. As cloud computing becomes increasingly ubiquitous, the integration of AI presents both opportunities and challenges. This paper provides an in-depth analysis of how AI can enhance cloud security, the potential risks associated with AI deployment in the cloud, and the future landscape of AI-driven cloud security. Key topics include AI's role in threat detection, data protection, access management, and the challenges related to AI bias, interpretability, and adversarial attacks.
An Assessment of the Visibility of Particular Swarm Intelligence Technologies in the Resolution of the Object Classification Problem
Authors: Tsedura Nyaradzo Alice
Published: November 2024

This article assesses the visibility of five swarm intelligence algorithms in resolving the object classification problem explicitly particle swarm optimization, artificial bee colonies, ant colony optimization, bacterial foraging optimization, and the Social Spider Optimization. 58 articles in total were reviewed and used as the ground on which this assessment was based on. Primarily articles were grouped into two categories namely the articles which directly resolve the object classification problem and those which in directly resolve the object classification problem followed by a further grouping to indicate articles that were directly linked to the object classification problem through swarm technology and finally grouped by the aim. Three aims were observable which are to modify, to improve and to investigate. More than 70% of the articles aimed at either modifying or improving already existing swarm intelligence algorithms. PSO was the most dominant algorithm of the five technologies assessed. Interesting to note was that although all these algorithms were applied there is no formal representation of knowledge in this domain.
İngiltere Dış Politikası ve Türkiye İçin Amerikan Mandası Tasarısı (1918-1919)
Authors: Çekiç Can Eyüp
Published: November 2024

Bu makale, Birinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasında düzenlenen Paris Barış Görüşmeleri sürecinde İngiliz hükûmetinin İstanbul, Boğazlar ve Doğu Anadolu’yu birlikte ya da ayrı ayrı birer manda yönetimi idaresine dönüştürme ve bu yeni idarenin sorumluluğunu Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’ne yükleme planını incelemektedir. İngiliz diplomatların birbirleri arasında, Londra ile, Paris’te bulunan İngiliz delegeler ile ve Washington’da görüştükleri Amerikalı yetkililer ile yaptıkları yazışma kayıtlarını inceleyen makale Osmanlı Devleti’nin geleceğine dair tartışmaların başladığı görüşmelerin ilk dönemine odaklanmaktadır. Henüz Anadolu’da Millî Mücadele’nin başlamadığı, İstanbul’da resmî olarak İngiliz Ordusu tarafından yönetimin ele geçirilmediği, Yunan Donanması’nın İngiltere desteğiyle İzmir’i işgale başlamadığı, Osmanlı topraklarının geleceğinin belirsiz olduğu bu dönemde diplomatların üzerinde anlaşamadıkları birçok tasarı mevcuttur. Bölgede kurulacak bir Amerikan Mandası önerisi üzerine de geniş çaplı bir tartışma yürütülmüş ve bunun sonuçları ile ilgili bir uzlaşma sağlanmamıştır. Üzerinde mutabakat oluşan tek sonuç, Amerikalıların bölge ile ilgili konularda yeterince tecrübe ve bilgi sahibi olmamasıdır. Ne var ki Amerikalıların bakış açısından durum oldukça farklıdır. Amerikalı diplomatlar, İngiltere’nin bölgede alışkın oldukları sömürge düzenini tesis etmeye ve burada kuracakları hâkimiyet yoluyla Hindistan ve yeni ele geçirdikleri Afganistan yolunu açık tutmaya çalıştıklarını iddia etmektedirler. Bu makale; Birinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasında Amerikalıların dış politikada İngiltere’nin rehberliğine artık ihtiyaç duymadığını; Amerikalıların bir süredir yardım kuruluşları, misyonerler, ticari acenteler yoluyla bölgenin en önemli liman kentlerinde nüfuz alanı yaratmış olduğunu ve bunun siyaseten desteklendiğini; İngiliz diplomatların düşüncesinin aksine Amerikalıların özellikle kıyı kentleri, İç Anadolu ve Doğu Anadolu’da etkin bir şebeke kurduğunu ve bölgede artan İngiliz karşıtlığından faydalanmaya çalıştığını ortaya koymaktır. Bu çerçeve etrafında makale, İngiltere’nin savaşın hemen sonrasında Duyun-ı Umumiye’yi tekrar kurmak için harekete geçmesi ile Amerikalıların Karadeniz kentlerinde ticari temsilcilikler oluşturması arasındaki ayrıma dikkat çekmeyi hedeflemektedir. Genel olarak makale, Britanya İmparatorluğu’nun yerini iktisadi ve siyasi olarak ABD’nin almaya başladığı iki dünya savaşı arasındaki döneme ait bir örnek vaka olarak Birinci Dünya Savaşı sonrasında İngiliz hükûmeti tarafından Anadolu’da kurulması planlanan bir Amerikan Mandası ve sonrasında İngiltere ve ABD arasında yaşanan ayrışma sürecini incelemektedir.
Demografik Bir İnkılap: Cumhuriyet Döneminde Doğum ve Çocuk Bakımevleri (1925-1940)
Authors: Yılmaz Duygu
Published: November 2024

Cumhuriyet’in ilanı ile başlayan modernleşme sürecinde sağlık alanında önemli reformlar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Cumhuriyet idaresi, Millî Mücadele sırasında ve sonrasında azalan nüfusun yerine ikame edeceği genç nesilleri sağlıklı ve güçlü kılmak istemiştir. Bu sebeple İdarenin askeri, siyasi, ekonomik ve toplumsal gücü oluşturmak amacıyla girişilen reformlar arasında doğum ve çocuk bakım evlerinin kurulması da yer almıştır. Kadın ve çocuk sağlığının korunması amacıyla kurulan ve belediyeler ve devlet iş birliğiyle Türkiye geneline yaygınlaştırılmaya çalışılan doğum ve çocuk bakım evleri, doğum öncesi ve sonrası ücretsiz muayene ve tedavi hizmetleri vermek, doğum sonrasında ise anne ve çocuğun bakım ve beslenme gibi temel ihtiyaçlarını karşılamak üzere kurulmuştur. Ayrıca, doğum sonrası çocuk bakımı konusunda annelere eğitim desteği de sağlamıştır. Herhangi bir ayrım yapmaksızın kuruma başvuran tüm kadınlara ücretsiz hizmet vererek devletin sosyal kimliğini de şekillendiren bu kurumlar, toplumun genel refahını sağlamayı hedeflemesi açısından önem taşımışlardır. “Demografik Bir İnkılap: Cumhuriyet Döneminde Doğum ve Çocuk Bakım Evleri (1925-1938)” başlıklı bu çalışma, doğum ve çocuk bakım evlerinin kurulması ve gelişimi üzerine odaklanmakta, doğum ve çocuk bakım evlerinin toplum sağlığına katkılarını incelemektedir. Çalışmada, bu tesislerin sayısal verileri ve hizmet kapasiteleri incelenerek, sağlık hizmetlerinin yaygınlaşmasının toplumsal etkileri değerlendirilmiştir. Veriler, sağlık hizmetlerine erişimi kolaylaştıran bu kurumların toplumsal ihtiyaçları azami düzeyde karşıladığı fikrini desteklemektedir. Sağlık alanında gerçekleştirilen reformlar kapsamında, bu kurumların var edilmesinin, azalan nüfus probleminin giderilmesi çabalarının önemli bir boyutunu oluşturduğu düşünülmektedir. Çalışmada, doğum ve çocuk bakım evlerinin kadrosunun çeşitli kurs ve seminerler ile yetiştirilen sağlık personeli ile oluşturulması çabaları ile bu kurumların sunduğu hizmetlerin kadınların sağlık koşullarını iyileştirerek toplumun genel refah düzeyine katkı sağladığına da vurgu yapılmıştır.
Atatürk Dönemi’nde Doğu Üniversitesi Kurulmasına Yönelik Yapılan Faaliyetler (1936-1938)
Authors: Semiz Onur
Published: November 2024

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, çağdaş medeniyetler seviyesine ulaşmak maksadıyla her alanda bir inkılap seferberliği başlatmıştır. Köklü değişimlerin yaşandığı alanlardan birisi de eğitim olmuştur. Bahsedilen süreçte ilköğretim kademesi başta olmak üzere toplumun her kesimini kapsayan ve halkın ihtiyaçlarına yönelik modern eğitim kurumları açılmaya çalışılmıştır. Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarından itibaren yapılan inkılap hareketlerinden ülkenin tek yükseköğretim kurumu da nasibini almıştır. Bu kapsamda Osmanlı Devleti’nden miras alınan Darülfünun kapatılarak İstanbul Üniversitesine dönüştürülürken aynı zamanda ülkenin doğusunda bir üniversite kurulması fikri gündeme gelmiştir. Bu çalışma, ülkenin kalkınmasını sağlamak ve nitelikli eleman ihtiyacını karşılamak maksadıyla açılması düşünülen doğu üniversitesini ele almaktadır. Böylece yeni bir üniversite açılması düşüncesinin altında yatan sebepleri ve bu doğrultuda yapılan faaliyetleri ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır.
Bu çalışmada, nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden tarihsel araştırma ve tarama yöntemi kullanılırken, teknik olarak doküman analizi tekniği tercih edilmiştir. Bu kapsamda arşivlerde yapılan taramalar sonucunda yeterli belgeye ulaşılmadığı için çalışmanın esas kaynağını dönemin basını oluşturmaktadır. Gazetelerde yapılan detaylı incelemeler neticesinde doğu üniversitesi kurma faaliyetlerinin 1936 yılından itibaren gündeme geldiği görülmüştür. Yine bu bağlamda basının süreci yakından takip ettiği, haber ve köşe yazıları sayesinde kamuoyu oluşturmaya çalıştığı ve üniversite kurma işine olumlu katkı yaptığı söylenebilir. Ayrıca Türkiye’nin doğusu ile batısı arasındaki gelişmişlik farkının azaltılması, doğu bölgelerinin ihtiyaç duyduğu nitelikli elamanın yetiştirilmesi, bölgenin imar alanında kalkındırılması maksadıyla Van’da bir üniversite kurulması düşünüldüğü tespit edilmiştir. Ancak ülkenin içinde bulunduğu şartlar, dış politikadaki gelişmeler, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk’ün vefatı, II. Dünya Savaşı’nın patlak vermesi gibi nedenlerden dolayı düşünülen üniversitenin kurulamadığı anlaşılmıştır. Netice itibariyle milat olarak kabul edilen 1 Kasım 1937 tarihli Mustafa Kemal Atatürk’ün konuşmasından önce doğu üniversitesi kurma çalışmalarına başlandığı, ancak bahsedilen konuşmadan sonra sürecin hızlandığı fakat çeşitli sebeplerden dolayı tamamlanamadığı görülmüştür.
Balkan Paktı ve Balkan İttifakı Evresinde Balkanlarda Zirve Diplomasisi (1952-1954)
Authors: Cımenlı Şakire
Published: November 2024

Devletler arası sorunları barışçıl yollar ve yöntemler vasıtasıyla çözmeyi hedefleyen diplomasi, ilgili devletler arasında siyasi, ekonomik, askerî, sosyokültürel bir etkileşim aracı olmasından öte dış politikada meydana gelen meselelere müzakereler yolu ile çareler arama bulma ve bertaraf etme sanatıdır. Diplomasi çeşitlerinden biri olan ve II. Dünya Savaşı sonrasında sık sık kullanılmaya başlanılan zirve diplomasisi de bu sanatta gelinen son duraktır. Diplomasi sanatında gelinen bu son nokta, bilhassa siyasi dengelerin en ufak bir hamle ile alt üst olduğu Soğuk Savaş Dönemi’nde devletlerin en fazla ziyaret ettiği bir uğrak yeri olmuştur. Genellikle devlet veya hükûmet başkanı ve yahut bakanları seviyesinde gerçekleşen ziyaretlerle şekillenen bu diplomasi, Dünyanın Doğu ve Batı olarak iki kutba ayrıldığı Soğuk Savaş Dönemi’nde Sovyetlerin, Balkanlardaki hissedilen nüfuzu ve tahmin edilebilen hegemonyası esnasında da kendini göstermiştir. Sovyetlerin, söz konusu coğrafyada tesis etmeye çalıştığı hükümranlık sistemini benimsemeyen Türkiye ve Yunanistan gibi ülkeler ile Komünizmi uygulayan; lakin boyunduruk altına girmek istemeyen Yugoslavya gibi ülkeleri son derece tedirgin etmiştir. Bu güvensizlik hissinin yarattığı itekleyici güçten hareket eden ilgili devletler varlıklarını devam ettirebilmek için bir uzlaşı yolu olan diplomasi yöntemine başvurarak bölgesel iş birliği ve ittifak antlaşmaları arayışına girmişlerdir. Tehdit unsuru oluşturan devlete/devletlere karşı birlikte hareket ederek gözdağı vermeyi amaçlayan bu girişimlerin temeli taraf devletler arasında gerçekleşen ziyaretler ile atılmış ve ilerleyen günlerde Yunan Kralı I. Paul, Türkiye Cumhurbaşkanı Celal Bayar, Yugoslavya Federal Demokratik Cumhuriyeti Devlet Başkanı Josip Broz Tito (Yosip Broz Tito) gibi devlet başkanları nazarında en üst zirveye taşınarak Balkan Paktı ve sonrasında ise Balkan İttifakı gibi antlaşmaların imza edilmesi ile sonuçlanmıştır.
Balkan Paktı ve Balkan İttifakının imzalanması ile son bulan bu zirve ziyaretlerini daha fazla gün yüzüne çıkararak üst düzey diplomasinin önemini vurgulamayı hedefleyen çalışmada; TBMM ve Başbakanlık Cumhuriyet Arşivlerinden, dönemi ihtiva eden gazetelerden ve literatüre ait diğer kaynaklardan istifade edilmiştir.
Justification for knowing in a digitalised landscape
Authors: Ståhl Tore
Published: November 2024

Epistemic beliefs are described as the way individuals regard the nature of knowledge and knowing. The nature of knowledge can be explored as dimensions describing the certainty and the structure of knowledge, whereas the nature of knowing can be explored as dimensions describing the source of knowledge and the justification for knowing. Recent research suggests justification for knowing as consisting of three strategies for justifying knowing: 1) justification by authority, 2) justification by multiple sources, and 3) personal justification.

Knowledge is considered to originate from various sources, where testimony is regarded as the most important. Many online interactions are about conveying information to others and thus, testimonial in nature. The information we receive in various testimonies requires justification using the appropriate justification method. Therefore, source of testimony is central when justifying knowing.

In a pilot study among first-year students we explored how the source of testimony and the type of information affect the choice of justification method. The use of justification methods was measured using the Internet-Specific Epistemic Justification Inventory (ISEJ). The results indicate that the source of testimony has a stronger impact than type of information on the choice of justification method.
Unveiling the multifaceted public interest in ChatGPT
Authors: Qutieshat Abubaker
Published: November 2024

The present study was aimed at identifying key topics in online discussions about the use of ChatGPT by examining a large dataset extracted from Reddit social media using natural language processing. A corpus of 159,971 posts about ChatGPT were extracted from a custom-made python-coded Reddit content scraper for posts in the r/ChatGPT subreddit discussions. After cleaning the data, the sample was reduced to 119,853 posts which was subjected to cluster analysis using the open-source IRaMuTeQ software to identify main topics based on the cooccurrence of texts. These clusters were named by a panel of social psychology experts (n=3) by reading typical text segments within each cluster. Four thematic clusters emerged, categorized into two main topics: “Society and AI Integration”, focusing on ethical concerns (32.1%), and “Operational Aspects and Applications”, which delves into technical and practical facets (67.9%). The latter includes clusters like “AI Technical Framework”, “Casual AI Interactions”, and “Human-AI Etiquette”. The Reddit discourse provides a comprehensive understanding of ChatGPT, revealing user priorities like system capabilities and ethical considerations. Notably, the “Human-AI Etiquette” cluster is a new topic less covered in existing literature. The findings underscore the importance of effective prompting for meaningful user engagement with ChatGPT.
#Winemom culture
Authors: Holtz-Schramek Vange
Published: November 2024

Experts trace a congruent trend, pinpointed as originating around the 2010s (Grose, 2020) and only accelerating in the pandemic and its aftermaths: the rise of social media activity relating to parents’ performances of their substance abuse – what this paper defines as “#winemom culture” – with a broader social tendency, a general increase in “rates of high-risk drinking” that lead to such outcomes as “long-term health damage” and “dangers to family” (Macarthur, n.d.). I interrogate the ethics of moralizing against #winemom culture under COVID-19 culture and its aftermaths through exclusively quantitative metrics or surface-level analysis. As with anything coded according to the “momification of the Internet” (Dewey, 2015), such cultures are often disregarded, seen as superficial or in receipt of unchecked judgments. I trace the following question: What can #winemom culture reveal about how parents are processing and communicating within this moment? And begin from the premise that there are as-yet undetermined drivers motivating what appears to be a “zoning out” (Heyes, 2020) in the mediation of #winemom culture production. This project then opens into an analysis of how to actually study digital feminist practices in this current moment, one that is defined by methodological crises surrounding the increasing complexities of enacting justice in social media research. This paper thus serves as a methodological disquisition for feminist researchers attempting to perform ethically just social media research.
Visual interpersonal communication on social network sites in romantic relationships
Authors: Lucchesi Federico , Lobinger Katharina
Published: November 2024

Based on a research project examining visual communication in close relationships in Switzerland, this study examines interpersonal communication between romantic partners on social network sites (SNSs). It explores (1) the role of SNSs in couples’ communication repertoires and (2) the social functions accomplished in the exchange of visual elements on SNSs. Sixty-three semi-structured couple and individual in-depth interviews with romantic partners (N = 42) were conducted, including network drawings for visual elicitation. The results suggest that interpersonal communication on SNSs is intertwined with mass self-communication on SNSs and other channels that make up the communication repertoires of romantic partners. The partners nearly exclusively exchanged visual elements through interpersonal communication on SNSs, accomplishing four social functions: phatic communication, visual references to shared experiences and shared knowledge, functional sharing, and inspirational sharing. This study extends understanding of the importance of communicative interdependence in the field of interpersonal communication and the significance of visual communication on SNSs in maintaining romantic relationships.
In search of a new vanguard
Authors: Olayoku Philip
Published: November 2024

This study explores the historical relevance social movement vanguards within the framework of Marxian scientific socialism, while ascertaining the emergence of women as drivers of connective action in digitally enabled movements (DEMs). While the rhizomic structures of social movements have thrived on the spontaneity of emerging cells of social activist leaders, this study contests the claims of contradictions between spontaneity and vanguardism in DEMs. The study adopts the case study methodology to establish how technology affords more visibility to female icons of social movements by drawing examples from Sudan, Lebanon and Nigeria. Data was sourced from primary literature, digital archives and newspaper reports to tease out the history and current dynamics of women’s roles in social movements. It uses vanguardism as the conceptual framework for teasing out the intersections of gender, age, identity and technology as observed in DEMs. The study thus contends that technology plays important roles in restructuring the power dynamics of social action by showcasing how women such as Alaa Salah (Sudan), Malak Alawiye Herz (Lebanon) and Aisha Yesufu (Nigeria) emerged as icons of DEMs. It concludes that the weaponization of female bodies has become a potent form of resistance against the gendered biopolitics of sexual objectification and the necropolitics of state repression. The study thus advocates an all-inclusive approach to understanding the structures of social movements in recentring the iconic roles of women during connective action and physical protests. This is to enable the balance between vanguardism and spontaneity that is requisite for effective social action in the digital age.
Participation inequalities on Pinterest
Authors: Fuchs Jaelle
Published: November 2024

Digital inequality scholarship has highlighted the importance of sociodemographic factors and internet experiences in how people use digital media in their lives. Some of this research has focused specifically on the adoption and use of social media, but much of this work has only investigated text-based platforms. Image-based sites such as Pinterest have largely been ignored in work about online participation inequalities. It remains unclear how existing findings about participation inequalities on text-based social media translate to image-based platforms. The present paper fills this gap by exploring differences in user engagement on Pinterest, one of the most popular social media platforms. The paper uses a mixed methods approach and analyzes both survey and interview data. This approach allows for a deeper understanding of the pipeline of online participation inequalities, a digital inequalities framework introduced by Shaw and Hargittai (2018). The survey data reveal that age, gender and internet skills strongly relate to participation on the platform. The interviews add more nuance by providing insights into reasons and motivations for Pinterest use as well as reasons for dropping out of the pipeline, beyond those identified in the survey. This mixed-methods approach allows insights into how participation barriers apply to image-based social media.
Implementation of Disaster Preparedness in Hospitals by Emergency Department Nurses
Authors: Calisanie Nyayu Nina Putri , Ramdani Ramdani , Nuriyah Musopi
Published: November 2024

Aims: The purpose of this study is to determine the preparedness of emergency room nurses in handling disasters in hospitals.
Method: This study employs a qualitative research design, utilizing a single case study that focuses on the implementation of disaster preparedness by emergency room nurses in hospitals. The subjects of this case study are two nurses who meet the inclusion criteria: they have attended disaster preparedness training, work as emergency room nurses, have been part of the hospital disaster team for at least five years, and are considered reliable and competent sources of data related to the research objective. Purposive sampling was used to select the participants, and data was collected through in-depth interviews guided by an interview protocol.
Results: Four themes were identified: disaster preparedness, the organizational structure of disaster management functions and tasks, patient grouping, and the communication of clear, effective information along with coordination among medical personnel.
Conclusion: The study found that implementing preparedness among emergency room nurses in disaster management is crucial to ensure a prompt and effective response in emergency situations.
Геоинформационное картографирование трансформации сельского расселения в Ферганской долине Республики Узбекистан
Authors: Гулямова Лола Хаджи-Акбаровна
Published: November 2024

В статье рассматриваются методические вопросы геоинформационного картографирования трансформации сельского расселения Ферганской долины Республики Узбекистан. Косвенными индикаторами пространственных и качественных преобразований, подразумевающих трансформацию, которая выражается в изменениях хозяйственного использования территории и демографической ситуации, являются плотность и численность населения. Для исследования использованы данные официальной статистики о численности сельского населения 1 867 поселений за период 1959–2019 гг., открытые ресурсы краудсорсинга Open Street Map, онлайн-сервис Arc GIS Online и Google Earth Pro, результаты обследований. Для формирования базы данных и операций пространственного анализа большого объема данных использована QGIS. Впервые для этой территории разработаны многовременные карты таких косвенных индикаторов трансформации системы расселения, как пространственные изменения плотности и прироста сельского населения, карты изменения плотности и прироста сельского за исследуемые периоды. Предлагается схема использования геоизображений при картографировании и исследовании тенденций изменения (трансформации) расселения. Показана эффективность извлечения информации об изменениях и идентификации ареалов с аномальными характеристиками в результате пространственного анализа серии геоизображений.
Uncovering the Applications, Developments, and Future Research Directions of the Open-Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS): A Systematic Literature Review
Authors: Plazas-Niño Fernando , Tan Naomi , Foster Vivien , Howells Mark , Quirós-Tortós Jairo
Published: November 2024

Energy system modelling for sustainable development has advanced significantly as a critical tool for designing cost-effective energy transitions. Modellers and analysts have used these tools to support international organizations and policymakers in crafting and making decisions about energy policy. Open-source frameworks have been instrumental in this progress, enhancing stakeholder engagement, transparency, and public acceptance. Among these, the Open-Source Energy Modelling System (OSeMOSYS) stands out as a key example, widely applied in energy transition and planning studies. As the body of OSeMOSYS literature rapidly expands, it is essential to track research advancements to guide both current and future modellers. This paper presents a systematic literature review, exploring the applications, developments, and research trends related to OSeMOSYS over the last 10 years. The findings highlight a significant growth in OSeMOSYS-based research, with an annual increase of approximately 28%, and most applications occurring in Africa and Latin America, though largely conducted by European institutions. Six key application areas were identified, such as capacity expansion planning in the power sector, transport sector planning, and sector coupling opportunities. Nine categories of complementary methods commonly integrated with OSeMOSYS were also categorized, including power sector performance, stakeholder engagement, and geospatial assessments. A thorough review of code enhancements demonstrates the framework’s adaptability to various fields, such as flexibility assessment, hydropower systems, and storage modelling. Furthermore, seven key future research directions were identified: operational feasibility, uncertainty evaluation, temporal and spatial resolutions, technological detail, storage modelling, and macroeconomic impacts.
Computation of Geometric Series on Numerical Expansions
Authors: Annamalai Chinnaraji
Published: November 2024

Nowadays, the growing complexity of mathematical and computational modelling demands the simplicity of mathematical equations for solving today’s scientific problems and challenges. In this paper, the author introduces the sum of geometric series using numerical expansions. This idea can enable the students and scholars for further involvement in research and development.
Lyrik
Authors: Vala Katri , Fu Du , Jacob Max , Trai Nguyen
Published: November 2024

Dikterna till detta nummer är alla tagna ur antologin Flykten valde oss (redaktörer Karin Widerberg, Viveka Adelswärd, Siv o Heyman) utgiven av En bok för alla 2001. Människor på flykt, i alla länder och i alla tider, är temat för denna rika diktantologi. Både erkända diktare och amatörskrivare medverkar. De äldsta bidragen är från Psaltaren och antiken (Euripides, Ovidius) men urvalet innefattar även moderna författare som Pablo Neruda, Bertolt Brecht, Nelly Sachs och går fram till våra dagar med bidrag av invandrade diktare som Rawia Morra och Theodor Kallifatides. Bokens samlade vittnesbörd om flykten och dess villkor är överväldigande. Av upphovsrättsliga skäl har reaktionen valt att publicera dikter skrivna av poeter som varit döda mer än sjuttio år.
Creating salt refuges to protect amphibians from chytridiomycosis: first, do no harm
Authors: Relyea Rick A. , Le Sage Emily
Published: November 2024

In the fight against emerging pathogens, an important management strategy is to identify host refuges to prevent extinctions. Fungal pathogens (Batrachochytrium) are decimating amphibians around the world, but researchers have discovered that coastal amphibians living in high-salt water bodies can experience a refuge because the pathogens have lower survival outside the host in these conditions. This has led to the recommendation that managers should create disease refuges for amphibians by adding salt to water bodies. We review this literature and highlight that while some populations of coastal amphibians have evolved increased salt tolerance, most amphibian populations around the world have not. The relatively high concentrations of salt that are needed to kill the pathogens would cause widespread direct and indirect harm on amphibians and would kill most other aquatic taxa. Thus, intentionally salinizing freshwater habitats is a well-intentioned management strategy, but it is not a well-advised strategy.
Enhancing ascitic fungal infection diagnosis through next-generation sequencing: a pilot study in surgical ICU patients
Authors: Posadas-Cantera Sara , Mehrbarzin Negin , Wetzel Simon , Goelz Hanna , Kousoulas Lampros , Utzolino Stefan , Häcker Georg , Badr Mohamed Tarek
Published: November 2024

Objectives

Ascites, often associated with critical pathologies such as liver cirrhosis or bowel perforation, can be complicated by fungal infection, increasing mortality especially in intensive care settings and demanding rapid diagnosis and adequate treatment. Traditional microbiological diagnostic methods have limited sensitivity in accurately identifying fungal pathogens in ascitic fluid. Alternative diagnostic methods may offer important insights to enable guiding of antifungal therapy and refining empirical treatment strategies. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of next-generation sequencing methods to identify specific fungal pathogens responsible for ascitic fluid infections.

Methods

We prospectively collected 50 ascitic fluid samples from ICU patients with suspected ascites infection. In addition to standard culture-based microbiological testing, an ascitic fluid aliquot underwent fungal DNA isolation and was analyzed by next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods for identification of fungal species.

Results

Of 50 ascitic samples collected, five samples showed growth of Candida spp. in culture. After DNA isolation and ITS2 PCR, detectable amplification was achieved in 10 samples. Sequencing of the 50 patients’ samples identified facultative pathogenic fungi in 19 patients. In 15 cases, culture alone would not have permitted the identification of all facultative pathogenic fungi. The identification of fungal DNA by sequencing was significantly associated with poor patient outcome and a number of clinical parameters.

Conclusions

Our results show a higher sensitivity for NGS-based diagnostic methods in the identification of ascitic fluid fungal infections compared to culture-based diagnostics. This may be beneficial especially for patients in a critical care setting, who have an increased prevalence of comorbidities and high mortality. The implementation of such methods in standard diagnosis will require increased standardization of the workflows and interpretation of the sequencing results with respect to patients’ clinical picture.
Exercise mediates myocardial infarction via non-coding RNAs
Authors: Han Changliang , Zhai Cuili , Li Ailing , Ma Yongzhi , Hallajzadeh Jamal
Published: November 2024

Myocardial infarction (MI), a widespread cardiovascular issue, mainly occurs due to blood clot formation in the coronary arteries, which reduces blood flow to the heart muscle and leads to cell death. Incorporating exercise into a lifestyle can significantly benefit recovery and reduce the risk of future cardiac events for MI patients. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play various roles in the effects of exercise on myocardial infarction (MI). ncRNAs regulate gene expression, influence cardiac remodeling, angiogenesis, inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, cardioprotection, and cardiac electrophysiology. The expression of specific ncRNAs is altered by exercise, leading to beneficial changes in heart structure, function, and recovery after MI. These ncRNAs modulate molecular pathways that contribute to improved cardiac health, including reducing inflammation, enhancing angiogenesis, promoting cell survival, and mitigating oxidative stress. Furthermore, they are involved in regulating changes in cardiac remodeling, such as hypertrophy and fibrosis, and can influence the electrical properties of the heart, thereby decreasing the risk of arrhythmias. Knowledge on MI has entered a new phase, with investigations of ncRNAs in physical exercise yielding invaluable insights into the impact of this therapeutic modality. This review compiled research on ncRNAs in MI, with an emphasis on their applicability to physical activity.
Into thin air: prehistoric intensive crop management in high altitude western Tibet
Authors: Ritchey Melissa M. , Tang Li , Vaiglova Petra , Lu Hongliang , Sun Yufeng , Frachetti Michael D. , Liu Xinyi
Published: November 2024

High-altitude conditions on the Tibetan Plateau are often depicted as an inhospitable environment for conventional farming, yet evidence shows that communities in western Tibet grew ecologically hardy crops such as 6-row barley (Hordeum vulgare) by at least the 1st millennium BCE, at locations above 4,000 meters above sea level (masl). However, little is known about the specific cultivation strategies and culinary traditions that these agropastoral communities developed. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope compositions of grains inform growing conditions and provide much needed insight into the cultivation strategies in such a unique environment. We use δ13C and δ15N values of archaeologically recovered barley remains to investigate past watering and soil-management strategies. Our results infer high labor investment in manuring and watering in barley farming. This suggests an intensive cultivation system in Western Tibet, 1,000 BCE −1,000 CE, despite the high-altitude pastoral landscape.
Academic performance as a driver for the development of reasoning for complexity and digital transformation competencies
Authors: Molina-Espinosa José Martín , Suárez-Brito Paloma , Gutiérrez-Padilla Benjamín , López-Caudana Edgar Omar , González-Mendoza Miguel
Published: November 2024

This study analyzed the relationship between academic performance and the development of transversal competencies of reasoning for complexity and digital transformation in higher education students. The Tec21 educational model of the Tecnológico de Monterrey was used as a framework for analysis. Data from 33,319 students were analyzed following a CRISP-DM methodology, first an exploratory analysis was performed on the data to recognize and understand the presence of competencies in the educational model. Machine Learning methodologies, including Random Forest and XGBoost, were then employed to identify the most influential curricular and co-curricular variables in the acquisition of studied competencies. The results revealed a significant correlation between academic performance and the acquisition of the competencies, highlighting that high grades are consistently associated with success in developing these competencies. This study extends the understanding of how competency-focused educational interventions can facilitate professional and personal development in a labor market that demands advanced skills and adaptability. The discussion focuses on the implications of these findings for formulating educational policies and pedagogical practices that prioritize both academic achievement and the comprehensive development of essential 21st-century competencies. From a broader perspective, our work is framed in the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 4 Quality Education and is oriented to identify variables that boost the acquisition of 21st Century Skills in higher education contexts.
Aldosterone in the brain and cognition: knowns and unknowns
Authors: Nieckarz Anna , Graff Beata , Burnier Michel , Marcinkowska Anna B. , Narkiewicz Krzysztof
Published: November 2024

Mineralocorticoid receptors are expressed in several structures of the central nervous system, and aldosterone levels can be measured in the brain, although in smaller amounts than in plasma. Nevertheless, these amounts appear to be sufficient to elicit substantial clinical effects. Primary aldosteronism, characterized by high levels of plasma aldosterone, is one of the most common causes of secondary hypertension. In this context, high aldosterone levels may have both indirect and direct effects on the brain with a negative impact on several cerebral functions. Thus, chronic aldosterone excess has been associated with symptoms of anxiety and depression – two clinical entities themselves associated with cognitive deficits. Today, there is an increasing number of reports on the influence of aldosterone on the brain, but there is also a significant amount of uncertainty, such as the role of high aldosterone levels on cognitive functions and decline independently of blood pressure. In this mini review, we discuss the known and unknowns of the impact of aldosterone on the brain putting emphasis on cognitive functions.
A comprehensive review on biochar for electrochemical energy storage applications: an emerging sustainable technology
Authors: Prabakar Ponnusamy , Mustafa Mert Koc , Muruganandam Logananthan , Sivagami Krishnasamy
Published: November 2024

Energy is an essential factor in many activities. The need to generate adequate energy from various sources is becoming increasingly crucial to meeting the rising needs of the world’s population. Nevertheless, energy storage plays a vital role in meeting the energy demand, notably since affordable yet eco-friendly sources should meet it. Several recommendations were provided to overcome this limitation, with an increasing emphasis on energy sources. However, ecologically sustainable, and effective energy storage systems are the primary focus. Carbonaceous substances produced by pyrolyzing biomass, such as biochar, have recently gained attention as a sustainable material with the potential to be used in electrochemical energy storage technologies. It is an attractive option for electrode materials in supercapacitors, batteries, and hydrogen storage devices due to its abundant availability and distinct physicochemical characteristics, which include, excellent electric conductivity, tuneable surface functional groups, a densely porous structure, a high surface area, porosity, chemical stability, and pore volume. This review addresses the electrochemical performance, production, and characterization of materials based on biochar for energy storage developments. It investigates the choice of feedstock, various preparation routes, various controlling parameters for producing biochar, the biochar activation process, and post-treatment techniques that affect the electrochemical and structural characteristics of biochar for energy storage device fabrication in detail. Additionally, it reveals that recent developments in biochar modification methods like doping, activation, and hybridization have improved the material’s capacity for energy storage. Furthermore, an in-depth discussion on the environmental impacts of biochar-based energy storage devices is elaborated, along with the opportunities and challenges presented in this study.
Bioinformatical analysis and experimental validation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related biomarker genes in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Yao Lili , Xu Jie , Zhang Xu , Tang Zhuqi , Chen Yuqing , Liu Xiaoyu , Duan Xuchu
Published: November 2024

Introduction

Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) is a prominent etiological factor in the pathogenesis of diabetes. Nevertheless, the mechanisms through which ERS contributes to the development of diabetes remain elusive.

Methods

Transcriptional expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets were analyzed and compared to obtain the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in T2DM. Following the intersection with ERS associated genes, the ERS related T2DM DEGs were identified. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) analysis were performed to screen out the ERS related biomarker genes and validate their diagnostic values. Gene expression level was detected by qPCR and Elisa assays in diabetic mice and patient serum samples.

Results

By analyzing the transcriptional expression profiles of the GEO datasets, 49 T2DM-related DEGs were screened out in diabetic islets. RTN1, CLGN, PCSK1, IAPP, ILF2, IMPA1, CCDC47, and PTGES3 were identified as ERS-related DEGs in T2DM, which were revealed to be involved in protein folding, membrane composition, and metabolism regulation. ROC and LASSO analysis further screened out CLGN, ILF2, and IMPA1 as biomarker genes with high value and reliability for diagnostic purposes. These three genes were then demonstrated to be targeted by the transcription factors and miRNAs, including CEBPA, CEBPB, miR-197-5p, miR-6133, and others. Among these miRNAs, the expression of miR-197-5p, miR-320c, miR-1296-3P and miR-6133 was down-regulated, while that of miR-4462, miR-4476-5P and miR-7851-3P was up-regulated in diabetic samples. Small molecular drugs, including D002994, D001564, and others, were predicted to target these genes potentially. qPCR and Elisa analysis both validated the same expression alteration trend of the ERS-related biomarker genes in diabetic mice and T2DM patients.

Discussion

These findings will offer innovative perspectives for clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies for T2DM.