bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Identifikasi dan Efektivitas Berbagai Teknik Pengendalian Hama Baru Ulat Grayak Spodoptera frugiperda J. E. Smith pada Tanaman Jagung berbasis PHT- Biointensif
Authors: Septian Rizki Darmawan , Afifah Lutfi , Surjana Tatang , Saputro Nurcahyo Widyodaru , Enri Ultach
Published: October 2021

The presence of new pest Spodoptera frugperda J. E. Smith has the potential to reduce corn production, so its existence needs to be controlled. The aim of this research is to obtain control techniques that could reduce the intensity of S. frugiperda pest’s attack. The research was conducted from June to October 2020. The experiment was designed in a randomized block design (RBD) with 9 replications and 3 treatments consisting of non-control (NP), PHT-biointensive (BI), and synthetic pesticides. In BI treatment, neem leaf extract (25 mL/plot) and Beauveria bassiana (6,25 g/plot) were used. Meanwhile, the PS treatment used deltametrin active ingredient (3,125 mL/plot). The volume of spray used was 1,25 L. The results showed that PS control techniques gave the best results in suppressing the intensity of fall armyworm S. frugiperda attacks (0,57%-7,04%) followed by BI treatment (0%-6,89%) and NP (0,97%-8,29%). The highest pest populations overall were found in NP treatment and the lowest in PS treatment. PS treatment provided the highest production result with a cob weight of 18,6 kg/plot (24,81 tons/ha), while BI treatment of 17,00 kg/plot (22,72 tons/ha) and NP of 15,44 kg/plot (20,64 tons/ha). The results of the correlation test between the intensity of pest attacks and production results showed that the higher the pest attack, the lower the harvest weight produced. Therefore, pest control by using synthetic pesticides made from active deltametrin is declared effective in suppressing the intensity of attacks and populations of fall armyworm S. frugiperda and able to provide high production results.

 

Keywords: corn, intensity of attack, Spodoptera frugiperda
Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activities of Senggani (Melastoma malabathricum L.) Ethanolic Extract Leaves
Authors: Widowati Retno , Handayani Sri , Al Fikri Ahmad Ridho
Published: October 2021

The aim of the current research was to perform phytochemical screening and to know the pathogenic antibacterial activities of senggani leaves extract. Phytochemical screening was done by testing eight active compounds. Antibacterial activities testing was done by using well diffusion method at concentration level of 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%. Positive control was amoxicillin, while the negative control was aquadest. Meanwhile, pathogenic bacteria were Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Research design applied was complete random design, in which the data collected were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, continued by post-hoc test through Tukey method to know which concentration provide the most significant difference. Research results showed that ethanolic extract of senggani leaves has eight active compounds, those are phenolics, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, triterpenoids, glycosides, steroids, and saponins. This further proved that the ethanolic extract of senggani leaves have antibacterial activity and are able to inhibit the growth of all bacteria tested. The best ability shown to inhibit E. coli bacteria was at concentration of 100%, Sh. dysenteriae and P. aeruginosa started at the concentration of 75%, and S. aureus started at the concentration of 50%.   Keywords: active compounds, bacteria growth, inhibition, well diffusion
Sistem Pengembangan Asuransi Usaha Ternak Sapi/Kerbau di Provinsi Aceh
Authors: Fadhil Rahmat , Hanum Zuraida , Yunus Muhammad
Published: October 2021

Cow/buffalo-business insurance (AUTS/K) is a form of risk mitigation for livestock businesses run by farmers. Various risks that are often occurred include livestock death, natural disasters, disease outbreaks, and livestock theft. If not handled properly, it can threaten the sustainability of this business, especially the small-scale livestock-business sector. This study aimed to formulate a developing system of cattle/buffalo-livestock insurance using the soft-systems methodology (SSM) approach. This research was conducted in Aceh Province from December 2020 to February 2021 using an expert survey by collecting data and information through parties who have competence or expertise in the field being studied. The development of this insurance system can be said to be an effort to improve and a solution to any problems currently being experienced in the implementation of AUTS/K. The result of improvements includes optimizing the roles of each party involved and program innovation to intensify AUTS/K products among breeders. The results showed that the SSM approach could describe the problem well and form a conceptual model for the AUTS/K system in Aceh province. Improvements to policies, assistance, and promotion systems are recommended as solutions to the problems related to livestock-insurance system implemented.   Keywords: breeders, conceptual model, insurance system, soft-systems methodology, syariah insurance
The Impact of COVID-19 Psychological Distress on Students' Academic Challenges in University
Authors: Shostak Kate , Hadwin Allyson , Sukhawathanakul Paweena
Published: October 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced significant disruptions in the learning environment for many post-secondary students with many shifting entirely to remote online learning, which can compound existing academic challenges. While emerging evidence has suggested that COVID-19 impacts students’ well-being and stress, little is known about how the pandemic has affected students academically. This study investigates how different types of academic challenges mediate the relationship between students’ COVID-19 psychological distress and their academic performance. Participants (n=496) completed an online survey that measured COVID-19 psychological distress, self-reported grade point average (GPA), and academic challenges. Mediational analyses estimating indirect pathways were conducted using structural equation modelling on Mplus. Our results showed that all challenges increased along with COVID-19 distress, but specific challenges had a significant relationship with the expected GPA. We found that out of the five academic challenge areas, metacognitive, motivational, and social and emotional challenges emerged as the salient challenge areas that fully mediated the relationship between COVID-19 distress and GPA. Contrary to our prediction, while more significant COVID-19 distress predicted more social and emotional challenges, these challenges were associated to higher GPA. Future research is invited to help students manage and cope with their academic challenges.
The Epistemology of Medieval Islamic Education:Historical Portraits of the Abbasid Dynasty During Caliph Harun Ar-Rashid
Authors: Ghofur Abdul , Nasution Khoirudin , Efendi Makmun
Published: October 2021

This research is focusing on the epistemological pattern of Islamic education during the Abbasid dynasty, especially during the Caliph Harun ar-Rashid. This study is library research using a historical approach. The research findings indicate that the background influencing the development of educational epistemology during the Abbasid dynasty, especially during the Caliph Harun is the translation movement, the construction of Bait al-Hikmah, the high number of Islamic educational institutions such as kuttab / maktab, low education in the palace, procurement of bookstores, the existence of Knowledge Convention, optimizing the function of mosques, madrasas for the public, and providing houses for ulema. More, the existence of scientists around the Caliph Harun promoted the progress of science, civilization, and Islamic education. In addition, the advance of political stability and economic circumstances during the Caliph Harun had also made scientific activity, Islamic education, and knowledge development becomes maximum. Moreover, Islamic education epistemology during the Caliph Harun can be mapped into three major streams of the underlying theory of knowledge, first, rational knowledge; second, sensory knowledge; and third, knowledge of Kasyaf through revelation or intuition. Several forms of knowledge developed from the epistemological style of Islamic education include the science of interpretation, the science of hadith, the science of kalam, the science of language, and the science of Tasawuf. Epistemology of Islamic education spawned many methods for scientific study such as nadzr, tadabur, tafakur, bayyinah, burhan, mulahzah, tajrib, istiqra, qiyas, tamsil, ta'wil, dzati, HISSI, khayali, aqli, syibhi, and more.
Implementation of Transboundary Policy in the Republic of Indonesia-Papua New Guinea Border Area in Keerom Regency
Authors: Aedah Nur , Muchsin Muhamad
Published: October 2021

This study aims to examine and analyze the implementation of cross-border policies that occur in the Border Region of the Republic of Indonesia - Papua New Guinea, inhibiting and supporting factors of cross-border problems, Efforts to resolve cross-border problems. This research was conducted in a descriptive qualitative form with a cas approach. Implementation of Transboundary Policy of the Republic of Indonesia – Papua New Guinea. The implementation of the Transboundary Policy of the Republic of Indonesia – Papua New Guinea in Skofro Village has not been implemented properly. Inhibiting and supporting factors, this shows that there are still many problems and obstacles related to Cross Borders. Lack of infrastructure and there are still many people in Skofro Village who do not have a Cross-Border Pass Card. The immigration office makes it easy to arrange a Cross-Border Pass Card. Efforts to resolve cross-border problems are by approaching community leaders, youth leaders, religious leaders, and traditional leaders to provide understanding regarding the rules of Cross-Border Affairs. Providing infrastructure such as Integrated Posts and Providing supporting documents (Passport Cross Borders) to cross the Borders of the Republic of Indonesia – Papua New Guinea.
Evaluation of the Use of Information and Communication Technology Case Study at SLB N Boyolali
Authors: Supriyadi Supriyadi
Published: October 2021

This study aims to review the use of ICT in learning at SLB N Boyolali, with all educators in the school as respondents. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with a case study approach, and examines the use of ICT using strategic management theory by David (2011). Data collection techniques used in this study were observation and interviews. The data analysis used was Creswell's analysis and interpretation technique. The results of the study show that ICT in learning in terms of strategic planning, implementation, and evaluation have not been fully utilized by all educators and not all students get the same learning experience. This is due to the lack of understanding of educators in utilizing information and communication technology is still very limited.
The Role of Cultivated Plants of the Family Solanaceae in Agriculture
Authors: Muydinjonovich Ismatov Azamatjon , Omonjon Ogli Toshmatov Sarvarjon , Abdurahmon Ogli Shermamatov Elbek
Published: October 2021

The role of algae (Solanaceae) in the agriculture of our republic is great. Potatoes and tomatoes from cultivated plants belonging to the family Solanaceae occupy large areas around the world and in our republic. The weight and quality of the product obtained from them is also high. The average yield of tomatoes in the country is 253 ts/h, the average yield of potatoes is 198 ts/h.
Developing Cognitive Activities of Primary School Students based on an Innovative Approach
Authors: Gafurova Mahfuza Abbosovna
Published: October 2021

A teacher makes a logical observation of the problem based on his/her knowledge and experiences. Through reflecting the way of solving the problem, he/she makes a plan how to deal with the problem based on the feedback from the students and the results of the specific actions performed in the activities. Such research activities of students can give the expected results if they become a need to stimulate their cognitive activity. Therefore, solving different types of problems, changing the form of problems on the conditions and applying thinking operations serve as a means of shaping the interest of students in learning. The article describes the essence of the interest in learning, the specifics of the main stages of its development, shows that the teaching of mathematics is related to the learning objectives, describes ways and means of developing an interest in learning.
The Techniques of Qualitative Data Collection in Mapping Indonesian Litterateurs in East Java: An Initial Design
Authors: Ahmadi Anas , Darni Darni , Yulianto Bambang
Published: October 2021

This article is a synthesis of research related to litterateurs mapping in East Java. Therefore, this research aimed to explore the data collection techniques of the litterateurs in East Java. This research adopted a qualitative method since the researcher explained the data empirically. The researcher used four techniques in collecting the data, such as (1) using a direct interview with the litterateurs; (2) using database Sijati (East Java literature and litterateurs Information System); (3) using a database from the internet; and (4) using the snowball technique. The result of the research exposed that those four techniques have weaknesses such as direct interview was ineffectiveness during the pandemic, Sijati was not optimal to use for old age litterateurs, database from internet tended to be general, and snowball technique was subjective.
The strategy of the Development of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDes) - Based Agriculture in the District Juli Bireuen
Authors: Qadarisman Teuku , Zakiah Zakiah , Kasimin Suyanti
Published: October 2021

Rural economic development is an important thing to do given the national economic development should start from the village. One of the efforts that can be done to develop the economy of the village is through entrepreneurship village, which can be the strategy in the development and growth of the welfare of the village community. Entrepreneurship village can be developed through the establishment of Badan Usaha Milik Desa (BUMDes). Rural regions that can not be separated from the agricultural sector, with the importance of the role of agricultural sector to the economy of the country, then the business BUMDes needs to be directed or developed with the activities of the agriculture-based businesses. The results obtained from this research is that BUMDes-based agriculture in the Juli District, Bireun District is in quadrant IV (diversify activities). In this quadrant the position of the organization is in the market is very small and the growth rate is low, therefore it is necessary to diversify the business. This position indicates an organization is weak and facing a big challenge. The recommendations of the given strategy is a survival strategy, meaning that the internal conditions of the organization is on the choice of a dilemma. Therefore, organizations are advised to use a defensive strategy, control of the performance of the internal so not getting mired. This strategy is maintained while continuing to attempt to fix themselves.
Impact of Failure of Alternative Dispute Resolution between Samin Indigenous Movement and PT Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk
Authors: Syahruddin Erwin , Fadli Moh. , Safa'at Rachmad , Istislam Istislam
Published: October 2021

The existence of environmental management that is wise and wise itself has also been contained in the Constitution in Indonesia, especially Article 28H paragraph (1) and Article 33 paragraph (4). To ensure the role of human beings to the environment remains conservative, the state regulates and controls existing natural resources for the greatest prosperity of the people as stated in the Indonesian constitution. This aims to make natural resource management can be utilized not only for the current generation but also for future generations, as well as to maintain the ecosystem to remain sustainable. However, the existence of a green constitution along with recognition & respect of customs contained in the constitution (law in the books) has not yet fully built a strong interdependence (law in action) to create environmental justice. This is evidenced by the many conflicts that occur between indigenous peoples and corporations. The problem studied in this study is the impact of the failure of alternative environmental dispute resolution between the samin indigenous movement and PT Semen Indonesia (Persero) Tbk (hereinafter abbreviated as PT. Semen Indonesia). This study uses a type of socio-legal law research with a sociological approach located research in Rembang. The results showed that every problem that intersects with indigenous peoples should be resolved harmoniously and peacefully with deliberation and consensus. In addition, it is necessary to involve indigenous peoples in determining environmental policies. Then there needs to be harmonization and internalization between environmental policy and local community culture (indigenous legal community).
An Approach to the Meaning of “Wa Jā’a Rabbuka”, Based on the Theory of the Spirit of Meaning
Authors: Nouraei Mohsen , Sheikhi Somayeh
Published: October 2021

The quality of understanding of the Mutashābihāt (ambiguous/similar) verses is one of the important issues in the field of the studies of Islamic texts, especially the science of interpretation. The rules proposed for this important skill are different and have different efficiencies. One of the theories expressed in this issue is the theory called the “spirit of meaning.” Based on the descriptive-analytical method and focusing on this theory, this article tries to discuss the interpretation of the majī’ verses which are known as Mutashābihāt of the Qur’an. Findings show that relying on this theory leads us to a clear understanding of the meaning and purpose of these verses. It also shows that majī’ (coming) does not mean physical and material comings and goings, but it indicates to a comprehensive meaning, that is, the appearance and disappearance, absence and presence. This meaning is consistent with the apparent of other verses as well as the indisputable principles of Muslims’ beliefs in God Almighty. In addition, it does not require a meaning contrary to the external meaning of the verses. The result of this article is applicable for the issues concerning theological and interpretive studies, especially for understanding some Mutashābihāt verses such as ‘Arsh, Kursī, Qalam and 'Ityān, as it is used in the field of literary studies of the Qur’an and the originality of non-contradiction of the exterior meaning (zāhir).
Socio Cultural Approach as a Modern Direction of Teacher Training
Authors: Rashidova Gulnoza Gulomovna
Published: October 2021

This article describes the socio-cultural potential of the historical training of future history teachers and the possibility of using it in history lessons in secondary school. It was also noted that a history teacher should have socio-cultural competence to form students ' historical worldview, a sense of tolerance for social and cultural differences, respect and attentive attitude to historical heritage and cultural traditions. The main directions of the formation of the socio-cultural competence of the history teacher are developed.
The Strategy of Sustainable Competitive Advantage Creation by Make-Up Artists (A Study of Male Make-Up Artists in Greater Malang)
Authors: Angginani Nanja Anggun , Rofiaty Rofiaty , Susilowati Christin
Published: October 2021

Make-up artist is a profession that has long been identified as woman’s job. Now this job also taken by males, who even can survive the competition. The objective of this study is to analyse the strategy of male make-up artists in creating their sustainable competitive advantage.By phenomenological approach the results of this study are male make-up artists in Greater Malang build their sustainable competitive advantage by (1) maintaining the quality of their work, the development of products that suit market’s demand also provide service with better make-up result, (2) keeping the excellence of their service, flexibility in service venue,  furthermore their behavior that easy-going and friendlier, (3) making innovations and branding though attractive portfolio with “before-after” into look differentiation by developing a team of other make-up artists under one name with different specialty.
Mass Media and Public Policy: Public Perception of Street Vendors in the Media
Authors: Alkhajar Eka Nada Shofa , Luthfia Agusniar Rizka
Published: October 2021

The financial crisis in 1997 and the arrival of reform era in Indonesia has made Surakarta city a city of street vendors. The street vendors exist throughout the city and cause many problems. The first direct election for local leaders in Indonesia inspired citizens to hope that the local governments would be to overcome the problems effectively, including in Surakarta. This article aims to examine the Surakarta citizens’ perceptions of the street vendors in Solopos daily, which is the main newspaper of the city. The research employed qualitative content analysis method. The data were taken through documentation. The results indicated that the public of Surakarta wanted street vendors need to be managed immediately. They wanted it to become the city’s priority agenda. The public perception, then, becomes an important source as well as a good support for the local government to run actions and formulate a proper policy in the form of street vendors management.
The Original Intent of Settings Judicial Review of Local Regulations in Indonesia
Authors: Desyanti Desyanti , Sudarsono Sudarsono , Safa’at Muchamad Ali , Setia Negara Tunggul Anshari
Published: October 2021

There are differences in the characteristics of judicial review in the Supreme Court and in the Constitutional Court in terms of the object being tested and the use of test stones that are indeed by the authority granted by the 1945 Constitution. The principle of audi et alteram partem is a general principle in the study of law, so the judicial review process in the Supreme Court which is only one-way and closed should not be carried out. This article analyzes and explores the original intent of granting judicial review authority to regional regulations at the Supreme Court. This article is normative legal research conducted by examining legal materials (library studies) or secondary data. The original intent the granting of judicial review authority to the Supreme Court is intended to foster checks and balances between various high state institutions. In addition, the granting of the right of judicial review is intended to enforce checks and balances between the three branches of power.
The Great Wall: Understanding Chinese People's Psychology Through the Movie Context
Authors: Ahmadi Anas , Sudikan Setya Yuwana , Wibisono Galih , Kusumarasdyati Kusumarasyadti , Renfei Xiao
Published: October 2021

Today,  the study of Chinese films has attracted the attention of researchers, both in China and other countries. In this regard, this article aims to explore a Chinese movie Great Wall from a psychological perspective. The study uses a qualitative method with descriptive exposure. The researcher uses the Great Wall movie as a data source. The data collection technique is a documentary study. The data analysis technique is carried out with three stages: identification, classification, and reduction. The study's result indicates the psychology of Chinese people in facing the enemies, which raises the psychology of nationalism and justice in dealing with captured enemies. In relation to human psychology with western people, Chinese people raise attitudes related to cautiousness and cooperativeness with western people.
Scientific Basis for the Treatment and Prevention of Large Abdominal Acidosis in Productive Cows
Authors: Norbek Ogli Khayitov Bekjon , Bakirov Bakhtiyar , Bollievich Ruzikulov Nuriddin
Published: October 2021

The article analyzes the results of clinical observations on the distribution and etiology, as well as experimental studies on the development of diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic measures of rumen acidosis in breeding cows in the conditions of farms of the republic.
Display of Crisis Early Adulty in Groups with Different structure a social situation of Development
Authors:   Saratov State University, Tarasova L. E.
Published: October 2021

In article attempt of research of course of crisis early adulty in groups of young people with different structure of a social situation of development is undertaken. It is established, that in each group specificity which is a starting point for all dynamic transformations of age and a basis of mental development of the person is traced.
Social Activity of Person and Risk
Authors:   Saratov State University, Shamionov R. M.
Published: October 2021

This article discusses the risk-potential of social activity personality’s. Revealed characteristics of individual instances with position risk-generating and characteristics of social activity. Develops the author’s approach to investigate subjective assessment of risk.
The Formation of system of Intermediate Language in the Process of Mastering a Foreign Language
Authors:   Saratov State University, Zubkova I. V.
Published: October 2021

In the article questions of formation of system of interlanguage in the the process of learning a foreign language on the basis of the native are discussed. Ways of formation of skill of speech activity in a foreign language and strategy applied in the given process are considered. Also the role and functioning of linguistic attention at various stages of formation of system of an intermediate foreign language is considered.
Values and Meaning of the Life as Internal Resources Mentally sick
Authors:   Orenburg State University, Ulcheva T. A.
Published: October 2021

In article values and meaning of the life as a part of internal resources are considered. The description of dominating values and meaning of the life, characteristic for sick of a schizophrenia is given.
Parity of Individual Models of the World and Characteristics of Envy Persons
Authors: Nikitenko P. D.
Published: October 2021

In to become research approaches of domestic scientists to studying of pressing questions of designing of individual models of the world and characteristics envy persons are analyzed. The description of empirical research of interrelations of individual models of the world and envy is given to the person.
Information technology Means of teaching in the Process of Contemporary Military specialists training
Authors:   Air Force Academy. Prof. N. Ye. Zhukovsky and A. A. Gagarin, Pavlova J. E. , Pavlov P. V. ,   Air Force Academy. Prof. N. Ye. Zhukovsky and A. A. Gagarin
Published: October 2021

Information technology means of teaching used in the process of ecological education of the military are considered in the article. The structure, aim and some functions of the information technology means of teaching in the process of contemporary military specialists training are described.
Forming of Professional Readiness of Future teachers to the Collaboration with Family of schoolboy
Authors:   Saratov State University, Hutoryanskaya T. V.
Published: October 2021

In the article the results of analysis of essence of collaboration are presented as a психолого-педагогической problem and essence of forming of professional readiness of future teachers to the collaboration with family of schoolboy. It is marked that for providing of harmonious development of personality of child collaboration is needed with family with the use of traditional and innovative forms of work.
On the issue of biofuel production in the conditions of forests of the steppe and forest-steppe zones of the Volga region
Authors:   Professor, Saratov State Vavilov Agrarian University, Saratov, Russia, Fokin Sergey Vladimirovich
Published: October 2021

The need for energy for the needs of the economy is constantly increasing, which leads to an increase in production and volumes of burning fossil fuels. Modern processing technology of renewable energy sources, including wood, allow you to use it for energy. One of the perspective directions of processing wood waste is their grinding machines on rubitelnymi felling area.
A CONSTRUÇÃO DE SABERES E FAZERES DE PROFESSORES(AS) NO INTERIOR DE UMA ESCOLA NA PRISÃO – UM ESTUDO NA ESCOLA ESTADUAL BENTO XVI NO MUNICIPIO DE PETROLINA – PE
Authors: Carvalho Odair França de , Da Silva Ferreira Maria do Socorro
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo tem por objetivo apresentar os dados de um recorte de uma pesquisa de mestrado realizada em uma escola estadual localizada no interior da Penitenciaria Dr. Edvaldo Gomes no município de Petrolina-PE, visando trazer contribuições para a reflexão sobre o fazer docente e a oferta de educação para jovens e adultos em situação de privação de liberdade. Buscou-se conhecer como ocorrem a construção e a reconstrução de saberes por parte dos profissionais que atuam nesse espaço.  O estudo recorreu à abordagem qualitativa pautada na pesquisa narrativa, mais especificamente ao memorial narrativo. Os dados foram obtidos por meio de entrevista, de observação da prática pedagógica e da análise de cadernos narrativos, e foram analisados pelo método da análise de conteúdo (BARDIN, 2011). A análise dos dados evidenciou que os saberes docentes não são construídos somente na prática ou na experiência. São elaborados e reformulados desde o início da formação do professor, e que segue por toda a vida profissional e pessoal, pois quando oportunizamos experiências formativas aos professores, também contribuímos para sua formação como pessoa e vice-versa.
Roles and capacity of duty bearers in the realization of the human right to adequate food in Uganda
Authors:   Kyambogo University, Rukundo PM , Kikafunda JK ,   Makerere University, Oshaug A ,   Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences
Published: October 2021

The right to adequate food recognised under international law provides a strong foundation for eradicating hunger and malnutrition in all nations. Uganda ratified the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) in 1987 and thereby committed itself to ensure the realization of the right to adequate food recognised under Article 11 of the Covenant. This study analysed the roles and capacity of duty bearers in the realization of the right to adequate food in Uganda. Structured interviews were held with purposefully selected duty bearers from 11 districts in the country between February and July 2007. Districts were selected by criterion based sampling. Relevant policies, budgets, and legislation were also reviewed, particularly with state obligations on human rights, and capacity of duty bearers in mind. Although this right is expressly recognised in the Food and Nutrition Policy of 2003 in which a multi-sectoral approach is proposed, sector-specific roles are not explicitly defined in Uganda’s institutional and policy framework. Most duty bearer (63%) considered the Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries (MAAIF) as being responsible for the delays in implementing the relevant actions for the right to food. The Uganda Human Rights Commission (UHRC) reported receiving inadequate budget resources to support the right to food. Only 20% of duty bearers had knowledge of the General Comment 12, which is an important United Nations instrument that defines and elaborates on the human right to adequate food. Duty bearer’s knowledge of the right to food in the national Constitution had a significant (X2 = 0.003; P<0.05) positive correlation (R=0.283) with membership status to an ad hoc Uganda Food and Nutrition Council (UFNC). A proposed Food and Nutrition Bill had taken over 10 years without being presented to the National Parliament for the process of enactment into law. As such, most of the support for this right came from development partners. Whereas the ministry of health and MAAIF are line ministries in the implementation of food and nutrition policy, the right to food roles of the various duty bearers in Uganda need to be well defined. Capacity development is also needed, particularly related to integrating right to food sector-specific roles into the theoretical development and practical implementation of food and nutrition security programmes at all levels in the country.
Osmanlı-Avusturya Rekabetinde Çasarlık İmgesi ve Zitvatorok Antlaşması
Authors: GÜRCAN Fatih
Published: October 2021

Osmanlı Devleti 16 ve 17. yüzyıllarda dünya üzerindeki süper güçlerden biridir. Bu asırlarda imparatorluk, eski dünya kıtalarında evrensel bir Osmanlı Barışı (Pax Ottomana) tesis etmeye çalışmıştır. Osmanlılar’ın dünya hâkimiyetini sağlamak konusunda en büyük rakibi Habsburglar olmuştur. Biri Madrid öbürü Viyana merkezli iki kanattan oluşan bu hanedan, Avrupa’da Osmanlı ilerleyişini durdurmayı kendisine misyon edinmişti. Bu durum, o zamana kadar gerçekleşmesi zor ittifakların tesisine imkân vermişti. Bu iki imparatorluğun, birbirine karşıtlığı sadece siyasi, dini ve askeri boyutta değildi. Her iki devlet de, kendisini Roma mirasının temsilcisi olarak görmekteydi. Habsburg hükümdarları, Kutsal Roma İmparatoru sıfatıyla, bu mirasa sahip çıkmaya çalışmışlardır. Osmanlılar, Roma’nın son başkenti İstanbul’u kendi merkezleri yapmışlar ve Roma Coğrafyası’nın önemli bir kısmını ele geçirmişlerdi. Bu durum her iki devletin de Kayzer, (Çaşar) gibi Roma’daki Sezar ve İmparatora dek unvanların kullanılmasını sağlamıştı. Osmanlı ile Habsburg arasındaki rekabet 16. yüzyılda başlamış ve bu rekabet içerisinde, diplomatik unvanların kullanımı çok büyük önem kazanmıştır. Osmanlılar’ın Macar Krallığı’nı 1526 Mohaç Meydan Muharebesinde yenmesiyle başlayan bu sınır komşuluğu ve rekabet 20. yüzyıla kadar sürmüştür. Buna karşın bu rekabet içerisinde diplomatik dengeyi anlayabilmek için en dikkat çeken antlaşmalar 1533’deki İstanbul Antlaşması ve 1606’daki Zitvatorok’tur. Bu iki antlaşma pek çok kez ele alınmış ancak antlaşmaların imzalandığı sırada devletlerin içinde bulunduğu siyasi konjonktür çoğu kez eksik ve yanlış yorumlanmıştır. Çalışmamızda bu iki antlaşmaya yeni bir yaklaşım getirilerek ilgili metinler yeniden bir değerlendirmeye tabii tutulacaktır.
Süheyl ü Nevbahâr’ın Kurgu Dünyası: Yapısal Unsurlar Yönüyle Bir İnceleme
Authors: KARADUMAN Ruken
Published: October 2021

Klasik Türk edebiyatı nazım şekillerinden olan mesneviler, yapısal unsurları ve kullanılan anlatım teknikleri gibi hususlarda günümüz hikâye ve romanları ile koşut bir yapı arz eder. Bu bağlamda, mesnevilerin modern anlatı formlarının inceleme yöntemleri ile çözümlenmesi, metne çok yönlü bir bakış açısı kazandırmaktadır. Çalışmamızda Süheyl ü Nevbahar mesnevisi, roman ve hikâye inceleme yöntemlerinden yola çıkılarak olay, kahramanlar, zaman, mekân, bakış açısı, dil ve anlatım hususiyetleri çerçevesinde ele alınmaktadır. Adı ve müellifi tespit edilememiş Farsça bir eserden hareketle Türkçeye aktarılan Süheyl ü Nevbahar, 5703 beyitten oluşur. Telif bir aşk mesnevisi olan eserin ilk bin beyti İzzeddin Ahmet, kalan bölümleri ise Hoca Mesud tarafından kaleme alınır. Süheyl ü Nevbahar, anlatım teknikleri açısından oldukça başarılıdır. Eserde tasvir, diyalog, iç monolog, özetleme gibi modern anlatılarda görülen teknikler yoğun ve etkili biçimde kullanılmıştır. İçeriği ve çok katmanlı yapısıyla modern anlatı metinlerinin kurgusunu çağrıştıran bu mesnevi, Süheyl ile Nevbahar’ın aşklarını ve kavuşma mücadelelerini konu edinir. Zengin bir şahıs kadrosu, mekân ve zamana dair anlatım hususiyetleri konuyu oldukça dikkat çekici kılar. Ancak; beşeri aşk konusunda Anadolu sahasında yazılmış ilk örneklerden olması hasebiyle Süheyl ü Nevbahar’da kurgusal yönden bazı eksiklikler de mevcuttur. Tekrarlar ve yoğun tesadüflerle örülü olay zinciri, müellifin sıklıkla konuyu kesip okura kendi dünya görüşünü ve yorumlarını aktarması, olaylar sonuçlandıktan sonra da anlatımların didaktik bir amaç çerçevesinde oldukça uzun tutulması vb. eserin kurgusal yönden zayıf tarafları olarak ifade edilebilir.
Resmi İstatistiklere Göre Gümüşhane’de Milli Eğitim Hareketleri (1923-1960)
Authors: YAVUZ Erdem
Published: October 2021

Osmanlı Devleti’nin son döneminde eğitimde bir takım modernleşme faaliyetleri başlatılmış olsa da, yeni Türk Devleti’ne eğitimde çözüm bekleyen birçok konu devredilmiştir. Cumhuriyet ilan edildikten sonra her alanda meydana gelen değişim eğitimi de etkilemiş, ülkenin her tarafında eğitimin modernleşmesi ve gelişimi adına hem şehirlerde hem de kırsal alanlarda bir dizi yenilik ve gelişmeler yaşanmıştır. Cumhuriyet Dönemi’nin eğitim politikaları, eğitimde laik ve milli bir yaklaşımla yeniden şekillendirilmiştir. Yeni devletin eğitimle ilgili ilk faaliyeti 3 Mart 1924 tarihli Tevhid-i Tedrisat Kanunu olmuştur. 1 Kasım 1928’de çıkarılan kanunla alfabe değişikliğine gidilerek eğitim seferberliği başlatılmış ve aynı yıl tüm yurt genelinde Millet Mektepleri açılmıştır. 1930’lu yıllarda faaliyete sokulan Halkevleri, halk dershaneleri ve kursları ile ülkenin eğitim ve kültür hayatına katkı sağlanmıştır. Kırsal kesime yönelik eğitimin yaygınlaştırılması ve öğretmen açığının kapatılması amacıyla da Köy Eğitmeni Projesi başlatılmıştır. Tek parti döneminin zor şartları altında hayata geçirilen milli eğitim faaliyetleri DP iktidarına devredilmiştir. CHP ve DP dönemlerinin barındırdığı kendine has özellikleri içerisinde milli eğitim politikaları kısa ve uzun vadeli tedbirler eşliğinde ele alınmıştır.
Bu çalışmanın amacı; Gümüşhane’nin, incelenen dönem aralığında önemli bir eğitim merkezi olduğunu ortaya koymak, Gümüşhane’deki ilk, orta, lise ve teknik eğitim veren kurumların sayısal gelişimini, öğrenci- öğretmen durumlarını ve bu okulların Gümüşhane’nin eğitim hayatına katkısını incelemektir. Çalışmada metot olarak, veri toplama yöntemi olan doküman incelemesi esas alınmış, Milli Eğitim İstatistikleri ve çeşitli telif eserler kullanılmıştır.
Ahmetli İlçesinde Arazi Örtüsünün/Kullanımının Zamansal Değişimi (1995-2015)
Authors: ÜZÜLMEZ Mehmet
Published: October 2021

Günümüz dünyasında insanoğlunun ihtiyaçları devamlı artmaktadır. Bu durum ise yeryüzünde kullanılan arazi yapısının sürekli değişimine sebep olmaktadır. Aynı şekilde Türkiye’de de araziler, amacı dışında kullanıldıklarından dolayı değişimlere uğramıştır ve hala da bu değişim süreci devam etmektedir. Türkiye’nin verimli arazileri üzerinde yer alan Ahmetli ilçesindeki arazi örtüsü/kullanımı, geçmişten günümüze değişime uğramıştır. Ahmetli ilçesi, Ege Bölgesi’nin Asıl Ege Bölümü’nde yer almaktadır. İlçe arazisinin büyük bölümünü, üzerinde tarımsal üretimin yapıldığı verimli arazi olan Gediz Ovası oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Ahmetli ilçesinin 1995-2015 yılları arasında arazi örtüsünün/kullanımının geçirdiği değişimler uydu görüntüleri yardımıyla zamansal açıdan incelenmiştir. Uydu görüntüleri, NASA’ya ait olan Landsat TM ve OLI isimli uydularından temin edilmiştir. Görüntüler elde edildikten sonra sınıflama işlemlerine tabi tutulmuş ve söz konusu işlem için Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri programlarından biri olan ArcGIS kullanılmıştır. Analizler sonucunda, 1995-2015 yıllarında en büyük değişim, %31’lik azalışla diğer arazi (kayalık, mera, çıplak arazi vb.) grubunda gerçekleşmiştir. Söz konusu yıllarda tarım arazileri %22, beşeri yapılar %7 ve orman arazisi %2 oranında artış göstermiştir. Beşeri yapıların çoğunluğunun tarım arazilerinin üzerinde yer alması, yine bu yapıların söz konusu arazilere doğru büyüdüğünü ortaya koymuştur. Tarım ve orman arazilerindeki büyümenin nedeni sulamanın, teknolojinin, ağaçlandırma faaliyetlerinin artmasının yanında, diğer arazi grubunun da bahsedilen gelişmelerle birlikte tarım ve orman arazisine dönüşmesinden kaynaklanmıştır.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ИНФОРМАЦИОННОГО ПОЛЯ НА ОСНОВЕ ДИНАМИЧЕСКОГО ПОДХОДА К АНАЛИЗУ ДАННЫХ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ СЕТИ «ВКОНТАКТЕ» (КЕЙС Г. ТОМСК)
Authors: Александрова Юлия Константиновна , Лебедкина Надежда Сергеевна , Орлова Вера Вениаминовна
Published: October 2021

В статье рассматривается потенциал динамического подхода анализа данных в изучении поведения пользователей в социальных сетях. В настоящее время в социальных сетях появляется информация, которая позволяет дифференцировать группы пользователей по их активности в рамках технических возможностей той или иной социальной сети. Представлено описание, дан краткий анализ информационного поля в региональных сообществах Томской области, сформирована кластеризация постов – три сферы жизнедеятельности общества: социальная, экономическая и политическая.  Методология: применен динамический подход к анализу данных социальных сетей; осуществлен анализ поведения пользователей, структуры узлов и связей социальных сетей, который позволяет выявить скорость роста или уменьшения размера сети, перераспределение связей между группами. После получения списка информативных и уникальных постов произведен семантический анализ текстов с помощью инструмента для текстовой аналитики PolyAnalyst. Результаты: простроены семантические связи между словами и представлены в виде графов. Выделены два «центра», связывающих все наиболее часто встречающие слова – Томск и Томская область. С помощью инструмента для текстовой аналитики PolyAnalyst выделены популярные персоны и организации. «Позитивный контент» зафиксирован в освещении программы «Безопасные и качественные дороги» в регионе в социальной сети для формирования положительного медиаобраза власти в области. Социально активные пользователи привлекают внимание к социальной тематике. Так, среди наиболее популярных постов наибольшее число посвящено социальной сфере, далее следуют политическая и экономическая. Вместе с тем социальные сети являются также и доступным в настоящее время инструментом манипуляции общественным мнением.
Characteristics of injuries associated with electric personal mobility devices: a nationwide cross-sectional study in South Korea
Authors: Kim Maro , Suh Dongbum , Lee Jin Hee , Kwon Hyuksool , Choi Yujin , Jeong Joo , Kim Sola , Hwang Soyun , Park Joong Wan , Jo You Hwan
Published: October 2021

Purpose: The increasing use of electric personal mobility devices (ePMDs) has been accompanied by an increasing incidence of associated accidents. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of ePMD-related injuries and their associated factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance database from 2014 to 2018. All patients who were injured while operating an ePMD were eligible. The primary outcome was the rate of severe injury, defined as an excess mortality ratio-adjusted Injury Severity Score of ≥25. We calculated the adjusted odds ratios (AORs) of outcomes associated with ePMD-related injuries. Results: Of 1,391,980 injured patients, 684 (0.05%) were eligible for inclusion in this study. Their median age was 28 years old, and most injuries were sustained by men (68.0%). The rate of ePMD-related injuries increased from 3.1 injuries per 100,000 population in 2014 to 100.3 per 100,000 population in 2018. A majority of the injuries occurred on the street (32.7%). The most commonly injured area was the head and face (49.6%), and the most common diagnosis was superficial injuries or contusions (32.9%). Being aged 55 years or older (AOR=3.88; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.33–11.36) and operating an ePMD while intoxicated (AOR=2.78; 95% CI 1.52–5.08) were associated with severe injuries. Conclusions: The number of emergency room visits due to ePMD-related injuries is increasing. Old age and drunk driving are both associated with serious injuries. Active traffic enforcement and safety regulations regarding ePMDs should be implemented to prevent severe injuries caused by ePMD-related accidents.
Impact of Residual Stress on a Polysilicon Channel in Scaled 3D NAND Flash Memory
Authors: Lee Juyoung , Yoon Dong-Gwan , Sim Jae-Min , Song Yun-Heub
Published: October 2021

The effects of residual stress in a tungsten gate on a polysilicon channel in scaled 3D NAND flash memories were investigated using a technology computer-aided design simulation. The NAND strings with respect to the distance from the tungsten slit were also analyzed. The scaling of the spacer thickness and hole diameter induced compressive stress on the polysilicon channel. Moreover, the residual stress of polysilicon in the string near the tungsten slit had greater compressive stress than the string farther away. The increase in compressive stress in the polysilicon channel degraded the Bit-Line current (Ion) because of stress-induced electron mobility deterioration. Moreover, a threshold voltage shift (△Vth) occurred in the negative direction because of conduction band lowering.
Sex Differences in the Associations of Nutrient Patterns with Total and Regional Adiposity: A Study of Middle-Aged Black South African Men and Women
Authors: Ratshikombo Tshifhiwa , Goedecke Julia H. , Soboyisi Melikhaya , Kufe Clement , Masemola Maphoko , Micklesfield Lisa K , Chikowore Tinashe
Published: October 2021

The study evaluated the association between nutrient patterns and body fat and regional adiposity in middle-aged black South African (SA) men and women and determined if this differed by sex. Body fat and regional adiposity (dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry), and dietary intake (7-day quantified food frequency questionnaire) were measured in black SA men (n=414) and women (n=346). Using principal component analysis, nutrient patterns were computed from 25 nutrients in the combined sample. Four nutrient patterns were extracted, explaining 67% of the variance in nutrient intake. Animal and fat, as well as the vitamin C, sugar and potassium driven patterns, were positively associated with total adiposity. In contrast, the retinol and vitamin B12 pattern was associated with the centralisation of fat. Notably, the strength of the association between the animal-driven nutrient pattern and BMI was greater in men (1.14 kg/m2, 95%CI (0.63-1.66)) than women (0.81 kg/m2, 95%CI (0.25-1.36)) (Pint=0.017). In contrast, the plant driven pattern was associated with higher abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in women (44 cm2, 95%CI (22-67)) but not men (Pint =1.54 x 10-4). These interactions suggest that although men and women have similar nutrient patterns, the associations with the whole body and regional body fat are different.
HMGA2 Promotes Colorectal Cancer Angiogenesis via Dual Regulation of Sema3A and VEGFA
Authors: Wang Cancan , Long Yi , Tao Miaomiao , Ma Hongbo , Li Yanyan , Zhou Gendou , Hu Xiaoqiao , Wang Wei , Liu Ruyan , Zhou Meiyu , Xu Guofa , Wang Zexin , Chen Min , Zhou Qi
Published: October 2021

Background: HMGA2 encodes a small non histone chromatin-associated protein that has no intrinsic transcriptional activity, but can modulate transcription by altering the chromatin architecture. HMGA2 was found overexpressed in a variety of epithelial and mesenchymal tumors and promoted invasion and metastasis in most malignant epithelial tumors. A recent study showed that P53 inhibited CRC progression by targeting HMGA2. However, the mechanism by which HMGA2 affect angiogenesis in CRC has not been clarified. Methods: The expression of HMGA2 was analyzed by IHC, WB and bio infomatic analysis. Cbioportal and mexpress online tools were applied to explore the CNV and methylation of HMGA2 in CRC patients. Single cell data from GEO was used to examine the specific cell type that contribute to the high HMGA2 expression in CRC. Lentivirus was used to knock down HMGA2 in CRC cells and HUVECs was used to study angiogenesis. Results: In the current study, we first detected the expression pattern of HMGA2 in CRC patients and evaluated its clinical values and CNV amplification could possibly contribute to the up regulation of HMGA2 in CRC patients. By analyzing CRC single cell data we found that HMGA2 was specifically up regulated in the colorectal epithelial cells. Furthermore, knocking down of HMGA2 suppresses angiogenesis via dual regulation of VEGF-A and SEMA3A in CRC through inactivating VEGRR2 pathway in HUVECs. Conclusions: HMGA2 might be a promising prognostic marker and target for treating advanced CRC patients.