bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Li Hongzhang's foreign policy from the point of view of the modern political system of the People's Republic of China
Authors: Ivanov Pavel Aleksandrovich
Published: October 2024

The article is devoted to the analysis of the foreign policy strategy of Li Hongzhang, one of the most prominent Chinese diplomats and political figures of the late 19th century. The article examines the activities of the influential dignitary of the Qing Empire in order to establish the status of the state in the international arena. Criticism of Li Hongzhang is due to his concessions to foreign powers, so his policy is considered inconsistent with the national interests of the country. Despite this, his actions can be regarded as a manifestation of a realistic approach to international relations, which in many ways anticipated the pragmatic foreign policy of Western states. The author analyzes the process of transformation of China's role in international relations, its transition from a backward and semi-colonial country to a leading power in the region and the world. Particular attention in the text is paid to the characteristics of the country's foreign policy from the end of the 20th century to the present day. The article attempts to rethink the diplomatic work of Li Hongzhang through the prism of modern international relations and the foreign policy strategy of the PRC. The article analyzes his political views and key moments in his career, including his role in concluding unequal treaties that had long-term consequences for China. The final part of the article provides a comparative description of the two foreign policies, and describes the influence of the new political elite of the PRC on the country's changed role today. The comparison between Li Hongzhang's traditional diplomatic methods and the strategies used by the modern political elite of the PRC includes the following criteria: protecting national interests, using "soft power", strategic partnership and a multilateral approach to international relations. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the legacy in China's emerging initiatives, such as "One Belt, One Road" (including the "Silk Road Economic Belt" and the "21st Century Maritime Silk Road"). Thus, the author of the article emphasizes the importance of studying the historical context and the role of the individual in it for considering the strategies and courses of the country's foreign policy in the future.
Chinese Modern Science Fiction Literature: Translation and Acceptance in Russia
Authors: Fan Tszyalin'
Published: October 2024

The subject of the study covers the process of translation and distribution of Chinese science fiction literature in the Russian book market. The main attention is focused on the peculiarities of cultural and literary interaction between Russia and China. The study analyzes the methods and strategies used in the translation process, examines their effectiveness and identifies potential problems. Cultural nuances that play a key role in the perception and adaptation of Chinese fiction by Russian readers are also considered. Through a quantitative analysis of translations and reviews, the article seeks to understand how the attitude towards Chinese science fiction literature has changed in Russia since the beginning of the XX century to the present day. The main conclusions of the study are identification of the steady growth in popularity of Chinese science fiction literature in Russia, as well as emphasis on the features and difficulties associated with the process of translating and promoting these works, taking into account cultural nuances. A special contribution of the author to the research of the topic is a deep analysis and systematization of translation techniques used to preserve the culturally specific features of the source text, as well as an assessment of their impact on the perception of the Russian audience. The novelty of the research lies in the multifaceted analysis of the interaction of Chinese and Russian literary traditions, the consideration of the evolution of the perception of Chinese fiction from the beginning of the XX century to the present, and the identification of key factors determining the successful promotion of Chinese science fiction literature on the Russian market.
The artistic space in the fantastic story with the prerequisites of O.I. Senkovsky's fantasy "Satan's Big Exit"
Authors: Korobeinikova Yuliya Sergeevna
Published: October 2024

The subject of the study is the spatial organization of O.I. Senkovsky's fantastic story "Satan's Big Exit". The object of the research is the artistic space in fantasy literature. The author examines in detail the features of the artistic space in such a genre of fantastic literature as fantasy, which begins its formation in the XIX century and has a direct impact on the formation of Russian fantastic prose. Special attention is paid to the types of artistic conventions (according to the classification of E.N. Kovtun), which set the specifics of the artistic space and define the genre variety of a literary work. E.N. Kovtun considers fantasy as one of the independent types of artistic conventions, along with rational (scientific) fiction, fairy tale, mythological, satirical and philosophical conventions that form the corresponding genre structures. Descriptive, comparative and analytical methods were used in the process of exploring the artistic space. Approaching the question of the specifics of the spatial organization of O.I. Senkovsky's fantastic story "Satan's Big Exit", we turned to structural, descriptive and comparative methods that allowed us to identify the heterogeneity and ambiguity of the genre of this work. The conducted research of the artistic space in the fantastic story of the XIX century allows us to talk about the heterogeneity of the genre varieties of Russian fantasy literature of the XIX century. In addition, the spatial organization of O.I. Senkovsky's novella "Satan's Big Exit" correlates with the spatial organization of works of the fantasy genre. Thus, the specificity of the artistic space of this work took a dominant place in the literature of subsequent eras. The main conclusions of the study are that the presence of a fantastic component determines the genre variety of the work; the features of the fantasy genre are embodied in the story of O.I. Senkovsky, influencing the plot and narrative of the work; the structure of the artistic space as a whole correlates with the structure of the fantastic space. In the organization of the artistic space, the functions of the artistic space, the basic techniques, the principle of two worlds, spatial oppositions formed by such traditional spatial images as home, antidom, path, road and border play an important role.
Onomatopoeia-occasionalisms as a feature of Japanese colloquial speech
Authors: Kuznetsova Elena Mikhailovna
Published: October 2024

In this article, the author analyzes occasional forms of onomatopoeia in Japanese colloquial speech. Being a flexible system that stands out for its negligence, expressiveness and direct relation to the context, colloquial speech accepts breaking of language rules that are crucial for codified literary language. The form of onomatopoeia is short, however, such words can describe a huge variety of meanings. Therefore, onomatopoeia, including its occasional variants, is common in colloquial speech, making it more vivid. Japanese onomatopoeia often involves in word creation process, however, the topic of its occasional variants has not been studied thoroughly yet, which determines the scientific novelty of this research. The object of the study is Japanese onomatopoeia. The subject of the study is its occasional variants. The article examines daily dialogues of ordinary Japanese people and analyzes onomatopoeia they used (its occasional variants on different language layers and possible reasons behind the choice of such onomatopoeia usage). After the analysis, we found out that onomatopoetic occasional variants could be seen on phonetic, morphologic and syntactic levels. The Japanese can use in onomatopoeia unrepresentative for Japanese language sounds, significantly prolong vowels and consonants. Extraordinary combinations of onomatopoeic roots also take place, and some onomatopoetic roots, which end with prolonged vowel, can add geminate. Furthermore, some onomatopoeia serve as an attribute in a sentence and add unusual affix «–na» of nominal adjectives. As a result, we have observed that these methods increase emotionality and vividness of the speech, gain attention of the interlocutor and give the information in a shorter form.
The complexity of culture in the perspective of object-oriented ontology
Authors: Opolev Pavel Valer'evich
Published: October 2024

Material and ideal systems, nature and culture demonstrate the unfolding of forms of complexity. The diversity of historical forms of natural and cultural reality is a confirmation of this thesis. Ontic diversity is found both within the framework of nature and within the framework of culture. Against the background of increased interest in complexity, there is a need to search for forms of its representations in culture. Within the framework of the modern philosophy of "new ontologies", there has been a tendency to overcome the dichotomy of nature and culture, which outlines a new approach to understanding cultural diversity. The article, using the example of the works of G. Harman, L. R. Bryant and T. Morton, provides an understanding of the heuristic potential of modern object-oriented ontology in assessing the problem of diversity and complexity. Object-oriented ontology has an interdisciplinary nature and offers a specific method of reconstructing existence based on the recognition of the ontological equality of all objects. The subject of this work is the concept of "complexity of culture". The logic of the work involves understanding the phenomenon of complexity, reconstructing the key ideas of object-oriented ontology and identifying its heuristic capabilities in the reception and description of cultural complexity. The research methodology is defined by a systematic and dialectical approach to the analysis of contradictions of key provisions of object-oriented ontology. The author concludes that despite the existing contradictions in the object-oriented approach, he draws attention to a number of significant aspects of cultural diversity, allows us to describe complexity as an anthropocultural phenomenon, and fix "extra-theoretical" practices of mastering diversity. The paper notes that object-oriented ontology, postulating the idea of permanent complexity given by an infinite variety of ontologically equal types of existence, offers a non-anthropocentric model of diversity. Culture as an object is hidden from man, but can be considered as a consequence of local manifestations of many human and non-human, material, immaterial and even fictional objects. Culture is connected with man, but its objects have a being that cannot be reduced to the representations of our mind. Object-oriented ontology offers a non-anthropocentric model of cultural diversity, in which a person does not deal with culture, but only with its "translation". This circumstance opens up opportunities for mapping cultural complexity, allows us to record the "non-systemic" experience of human experience of diversity.
The enemy, the stranger and the subject: towards the possibility of a subject-oriented expansion of the concept of the "political" by K. Schmitt
Authors: Komarov Mikhail Vladimirovich
Published: October 2024

The object of the study is the concept and category of the political, considered as an independent phenomenon, a state and a topological space of a special order. The subject of the study is the conceptual interpretation of the concept of the political by K. Schmitt, described in his work "The Concept of the Political" in 1932 and clarified in subsequent author's additions to the reissue. The purpose of this work is to conceptually deepen Schmitt's "political" in order to expand the possibilities of its application in political and philosophical discourse, as well as to consider it as an independent phenomenon of ontological, psychological and other orders. To achieve this goal, the author's interpretation of K. Schmitt's interpretation is formed in the work. It allows us to use an interdisciplinary approach, namely, to actualize fundamental political and philosophical issues with the involvement of sociological, psychoanalytic and anthropological approaches. Classical theoretical and scientific methods have been chosen as research methods. The analysis of political and philosophical works was carried out. Illustrative arguments were selected through inductive reasoning. The general theses of the work were formed as a result of the synthesis of the analyzed provisions. The novelty of the research lies in the consideration of K. Schmitt's concept not at the macro-level of political relations and in the dimension of state existence, but at the micro-level of subjective existence. The author's interpretation makes it possible to apply Schmitt's "political" with greater instrumentality and with the involvement of psychological, ontological and anthropological approaches in political and philosophical discourse. The results of the study were a number of theoretical positions. Firstly, the connection between the political and the state is not mandatory not only at the macro level, cited by K. Schmitt, but also at the micro level of subjective differentiation. Secondly, the political should be perceived not as a clash of existences that do not have common properties, but as a clash of subjective existence with snatched similar or existences. Thirdly, the shift of the logic of intensity from the interactive focus to the subjective-ontological level allows not only to consider the political with the involvement of other disciplines, but also opens it up for a more detailed political and philosophical study.
The importance of nutrition in the life cycle
Authors: Agdeppa Imelda Angeles
Published: October 2024

Nutrition plays a crucial role from the moment of conception to the final years of life, shaping our health outcomes and improving quality of life. The importance of nutrition in one’s life starts even before birth: during pregnancy, the nutritional status of the mother affects fetal development and pregnancy outcomes. Supplementation of vitamins and minerals is also necessary to ensure optimum fetal growth without compromising the mother’s health.
Exploring socioenvironmental influences on adolescent girls eating attitudes in Jakarta
Authors: Wangsa Andrean , Wiradnyani Luh Ade , Deandra Fadhila I. , Widyahening Indah Suci
Published: October 2024

A balanced diet is vital in adolescence because of the growth spurts occurring in different areas. However, girls in the adolescent phase are at risk of developing unhealthy eating attitudes, leading to severe physical and psychological consequences, including body dissatisfaction, depression, etc. This study was aimed to assessing the socioenvironmental influences on eating attitudes among adolescent girls in DKI Jakarta, Indonesia.
The association of the type of occupation and obesity among Indonesian workers based on the 2018 Indonesian Food Barometer (IFB) data
Authors: Pranoto Rohmad Joni , Februhartanty Judhiastuty , Khusun Helda , Chandra Dian Novita
Published: October 2024

Obesity has emerged as one of the global public health challenges. Obesity rates among adults in Indonesia have doubled over the past two decades, including among workers. Obesity among workers can lead to lower productivity and early retirement. Occupational factors have been associated with the prevalence of obesity at the workplace. However, the relationship between occupation type and obesity in Indonesia has not been clarified. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the association between occupation type and obesity among Indonesian workers using data from the 2018 Indonesian Food Barometer (IFB).
Puberdade precoce: características clínicas e laboratoriais em um ambulatório na região Norte
Authors: Braga Thaisy Luane Gomes Pereira , Bührnheim Maria Eduarda Silveira , Mendonça Kamylly Reina Carneiro de
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Estudar o perfil de pacientes com puberdade precoce atendidos no ambulatório de Endocrinologia Pediátrica da Universidade do Estado do Pará, identificando suas características clínico-laboratoriais, epidemiológicas e possíveis fatores relacionados à doença. Métodos: Estudo observacional, analítico, transversal e retrospectivo – que utilizou dados provenientes de prontuários de pacientes atendidos no ambulatório de Endocrinologia Pediátrica do Centro de Saúde Escola da Universidade do Estado do Pará, em investigação ou tratamento de Puberdade Precoce. Dados, tabelas e análise estatística foram organizados com os programas Microsoft Word, Excel e Bioestat 5.5. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa em Seres Humanos da Universidade do Estado do Pará. Resultados: A amostra apontou um perfil de pacientes predominantemente feminino (97,3%), em idade escolar na primeira consulta (7 a 12 anos).  O tempo sintoma-consulta foi de 15,6 meses (DP± 10). Não houve prevalência significativa de antecedentes familiares (8,1%) e alterações antropométricas, em contrapartida, exames laboratoriais apontaram a presença de dislipidemia (27%) e alterações de LH basal e de estímulo. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o perfil do presente estudo é compatível com
Avaliação do acolhimento da equipe hospitalar aos pais de crianças internadas em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica no interior de Goiás
Authors: Oliveira Saulo Henrique Dias , Leal Carlos Eduardo Gomes , Horta Henrique Souza Lemos , Souza Gabriel Tavares , Faria Pedro Carvalho Campos , Almeida Guilherme Freire de , Martins Guilherme , Carvalho Karla Cristina Naves de
Published: October 2024

Objetivo: Avaliar o acolhimento da equipe hospitalar aos pais de crianças internadas em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica no interior de Goiás. Métodos: Trata-se de estudo transversal, observacional e analítico, qualitativo e quantitativo, realizado entre novembro de 2023 e março de 2024, com 30 pais de crianças internadas em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica (UTIP) no interior de Goiás. Foram aplicados um questionário sociodemográfico e a versão portuguesa da Critical Care Family Satisfaction Survey para mensurar a satisfação dos pais quanto ao acolhimento e à qualidade dos cuidados prestados pela equipe hospitalar. Os dados obtidos foram analisados por meio do software IBM SPSS Statistics. Resultados: Embora todos os pais tenham relatado sentir-se acolhidos pela equipe hospitalar e 93,3% considerem o atendimento humanizado, 30% dos pais expressaram insatisfação com o nível de ruído na UTIP, e 20% manifestaram incerteza quanto à tranquilidade da sala de espera. Essas áreas foram identificadas como pontos que precisam de intervenções para melhorar a experiência dos familiares. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o acolhimento na UTIP foi bem avaliado, mas o controle do ruído e a tranquilidade na sala de espera são aspectos que requerem atenção para garantir um ambiente mais confortável e alinhado às expectativas dos familiares.
Insights into Therapeutic Strategies and Longitudinal Outcomes: A Retrospective Analysis of NELL1 Positive Membranous Nephropathy Cohort
Authors: Singh Gurjot , Makhija Harsha , Beniwal Pankaj , Malhotra Vinay
Published: October 2024

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is a rare autoimmune disease, in which the circulating autoantibodies against antigens attack podocytes. Neural Epidermal Growth Factor like 1 (NELL1) 1-associated MN is the second most common antigen, following phospholipase A2 receptor. Complementary and alternative medicine and malignancies play a pivotal role in the development of NELL1-MN. This retrospective study describes the clinical characteristics, therapeutic strategies, and longitudinal outcomes in patients with NELL1-MN at our center.
Connecting the dots: Linking superior ophthalmic vein and internal jugular vein diameter to carotid cavernous fistula type and location
Authors: Sarastika Hartono Yudi , Ferriastuti Widiana , Suwanto Sidharta , Mukherji Suresh , Tripriyanggara Ardhi
Published: October 2024

Background:

The specific objectives of this study are to identify the carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) type based on computerized tomography angiography (CTA) results, determine the cut-off diameter of the superior ophthalmic vein (SOV) and internal jugular vein (IJV) in CCF patients, and to evaluate the correlation between diameters of the right and left SOV and IJV with CCF type and location.

Methods:

A retrospective analysis of data from 35 CCF patients at our institution was conducted between January 2016 and October 2022. The analysis separated the vascular diameters of the right and left SOV and IJV, which were compared to 35 non-CCF patients. The non-CCF group consisted of individuals who underwent CTA for conditions unrelated to vascular abnormalities.

Results:

In 35 CCF patients, the dilatation of the left SOV was significantly correlated with direct CCF type with a cutoff of >0.5 cm and significantly associated with indirect CCF type with a cutoff of <0.5 cm (P = 0.017), while the right SOV was not significantly correlated (P = 0.187). There was no significant correlation between the right and left IJV with CCF type or location (right IJV, P = 0.996 and left IJV, P = 0.558). However, the analysis indicated that IJV size differences between CCF and non-CCF patients were significant.

Conclusion:

Dilation of the left SOV correlates with both direct and indirect CCF types, while the right SOV and IJV (both sides) do not show a significant correlation with CCF type or location. This suggests that left SOV dilation may serve as an early indicator of CCF type, particularly in cases involving the left side.
Einheitlicher Europäischer Leitfaden für die Innendämmung von Bestandsbauten und Baudenkmälern : Bauwerksanalyse
Authors:   Technische Universität Dresden, Ruisinger Ulrich , Sonntag Heike ,   Technische Universität Dresden, Conrad Christian ,   Technische Universität Dresden, DeMets Timo ,   Buildwise, Vanhellemont Yves ,   Buildwise, Schöner Tobias ,   Fraunhofer Institut für Bauphysik (IBP) Holzkirchen, Zirkelbach Daniel ,   Fraunhofer Institut für Bauphysik (IBP) Holzkirchen
Published: October 2024

Der Verbrauch von Heizenergie in Bestandsgebäuden stellt einen großen Anteil am gesamten Energieverbrauch in Deutschland dar und trägt deshalb maßgeblich zur Produktion von klimaschädlichem CO2 bei. Um den Klimawandel aufzuhalten und einen substanziellen Beitrag zum Klimaschutz zu leisten, muss deshalb der Heizenergieverbrauch weiter reduziert werden. Dies geschieht am effektivsten durch den Erhalt und die energetische Sanierung von Gebäuden. Durch diese Maßnahmen werden nicht nur die Heizkosten gesenkt, sondern auch der Wohnkomfort sowie die Wertigkeit der Gebäude erhöht.
О философских источниках поэтической концепции «магического слова» в книге стихов Ф. Сологуба «Чародейная чаша»
Authors: Евдокимова Л.В.
Published: October 2024

В статье показано, что возможным источником поэтической концепции «магического слова» могло стать философское учение о «мифически-магическом» имени, формировавшееся в 1920-е гг. Автор рассматривает корреляцию альтернативных истолкований действенной силы фольклорного заговора, на которые указывает Ф. Сологуб в примечаниях к книге, и философских идей П.А. Флоренского и А.Ф. Лосева о мощи слова. Определяет методологическую основу онтологического анализа стихотворений книги.

The article reveals a possible ground of the poetic concept of «magical word» that is a philosophical doctrine of the «mythical-magical» name, formed in the 1920s. The article first deals with the correlation of alternative interpretations of effective force of folklore verbal charms (zagovor), indicated by F. Sologub in the notes to the book, and the philosophical ideas of P.A. Florensky’s and A.F. Losev’s concerning the power of words. Then the focus is on the methodological basis of the ontological analysis of the poems.
К вопросу о лексикографическом описании ономатопоэтических слов японского языка
Authors: Румак Н.Г.
Published: October 2024

В статье рассматриваются некоторые проблемы лексикографического описания ономатопоэтических слов японского языка. Освещается вопрос предположительной несамостоятельности значения этих единиц, сложность структуры значения ономатопоэтических слов и их многозначность. Представлены также различные подходы к описанию значений ономатопоэтических слов, выражающих эмоции.

The article briefly reviews certain problems in lexicographic description of onomatopoetic words in the Japanese language, connected with supposed dependence of their meaning, complex semantic structure of meaning, their polysemy and different approaches to description of the meaning of words expressing emotions.
Сайт вуза как социально востребованный жанр в виртуальном образовательном пространстве: Ноттингемский университет (Великобритания)
Authors: Агеева Н.С.
Published: October 2024

В статье проводится анализ аттрактивных языковых средств, используемых для повышения привлекательности контента сайта Ноттингемского университета для целевой аудитории. Рассматриваются основные смысловые блоки сайта и функции, которые они выполняют в рамках жанра рекламного дискурса.

The article is dedicated to the analysis of the attractive language of the Nottingham University website that is used to appeal to the target audience of the university. The article defines the principal content blocks of the website and their functions in the framework of the marketing discourse.
Заимствование специальной лексики электромобилестроения (на примере французских текстов и их переводов на английский и русский языки)
Authors: Сахаров Ю.А.
Published: October 2024

Автор рассматривает процесс усвоения иностранных слов как один из основных способов развития терминосистемы, анализирует группы и источники заимствования специальной лексики с опорой на лексико-семантическое поле.

The article regards terminological borrowings in the French language. It studies borrowings as one of productive ways of electric vehicle terminology development. The article provides features of source languages and lexical groups.
The origin of pressure resistance in deep-sea lactate dehydrogenase
Authors: Maguire Simon , Mercer Savannah , Wiebe Heather
Published: October 2024

High hydrostatic pressure has a dramatic effect on biochemical systems, as exposure to high pressure can result in structural perturbations ranging from dissociation of protein complexes to complete denaturation. The deep ocean presents an interesting paradox since it is teeming with life despite the high-pressure environment. This is due to evolutionary adaptations in deep-sea organisms, such as amino acid substitutions in their proteins, which aid in resisting the denaturing effects of pressure. However, the physicochemical mechanism by which these substitutions can induce pressure resistance remains unknown. Here, we use molecular dynamics simulations to study pressure-adapted lactate dehydrogenase from the deep-sea abyssal grenadier (C. armatus), in comparison with that of the shallow-water Atlantic cod (G. morhua). We examined structural, thermodynamic and volumetric contributions to pressure resistance, and report that the amino acid substitutions result in a decrease in volume of the deep-sea protein accompanied by a decrease in thermodynamic stability of the native protein. Our simulations at high pressure also suggest that differences in compressibility may be important for understanding pressure resistance in deep-sea proteins.
Photoluminescent Properties of Tb-UiO-66 Metal–Organic Framework Analogues
Authors: Canales Galvez Ximena A. , Richezzi Micaela , Bicalho Hudson A. , Labadie Natalia , Pellegrinet Silvina C. , Titi Hatem M. , Howarth Ashlee J.
Published: October 2024

Three new analogues of Tb-UiO-66 with various functional groups (–F, –Br, –NH2) on the terephthalic acid linker of the metal–organic framework (MOF) are synthesized and characterized. The photoluminescent properties of these analogues, as well as Tb-UiO-66 and Tb-UiO-66-(OH)2, are studied and correlated to the calculated energies for the triplet (T1) states of each linker. The results show that the addition of electron withdrawing groups, such as –F and –Br, lead to higher T1 energies, resulting in quantum yields in the range of 6-31 %. The addition of electron donating groups, on the other hand, lowers the T1 energy of the organic linker and inhibits energy transfer such that emission is not observed.
Ring-in-Ring Assembly Facilitates the Synthesis of a Cyclopara-phenylene Hetero[3]Catenane
Authors: Shi Wudi , Hu Yaning , Leanza Luigi , Shchukin Yevhenii , Hoffmann Patrick A. , Li Menghua , Ning Chengbing , Cao Zhong-Yan , Xu Yuanqing , Du Pingwu , von Delius Max , Pavan Giovanni M. , Xu Youzhi
Published: October 2024

Cycloparaphenylenes (CPPs) represent a significant challenge for the synthesis of mechanically interlocked architectures, because they lack heteroatoms, which precludes traditional active and passive template methods. To circumvent this problem and explore the fundamental and functional properties of CPP rotaxanes and catenanes, researches have resorted to unusual non-covalent and even to labor-intensive covalent template approaches. Herein, we report a ring-in-ring non-covalent template strategy that makes use of the surprisingly strong non-covalent inclusion of crown ethers into suitably sized CPPs. By threading a secondary ammonium salt through the crown ether and closing the third ring via Cu-AAC click reaction, we obtained a hetero-[3]catenane comprising [12]CPP, 24-crown-8 and a dibenzylammonium macrocycle. X-ray crystallography shed light on the ring-in-ring pre-organization and the [3]catenane topology was confirmed by NMR and MS-MS studies. Molecular simulations provided insights into the intriguing ring-vs.-ring-vs.-ring dynamics of the [3]catenane, which are highly dependent on the protonation state of the dibenzylammonium site. This ring-in-ring assembly strategy opens new avenues for the synthesis of complex CPP architectures and their use in functional supramolecular systems.
Power strokes in molecular motors: Predictive, irrelevant, or somewhere in between?
Authors: Penocchio Emanuele , Gu Geyao , Albaugh Alex , Gingrich Todd R.
Published: October 2024

For several decades, molecular motor directionality has been rationalized in terms of the free energy of molecular conformations visited before and after the motor takes a step, a so-called power stroke mechanism with analogues in macroscopic engines. Despite theoretical and experimental demonstrations of its flaws, the power stroke language is quite ingrained, and some communities still value power stroke intuition. By building a catalysis-driven motor into simulated numerical experiments, we here systematically report on how directionality responds when the motor is modified accordingly to power stroke intuition. We confirm that the power stroke mechanism generally does not predict motor directionality. Nevertheless, the simulations illustrate that the relative stability of molecular conformations should be included as a potential design element to adjust the motor directional bias. Though power strokes are formally unimportant for determining directionality, we show that practical attempts to alter a power stroke have side effects that can in fact alter the bias. The change in the bias can align with what power stroke intuition would have suggested, offering a potential explanation for why the flawed power stroke mechanism can retain apparent utility when engineering specific systems.
SACHIN TENDULKAR: THE PEOPLE'S CHAMPION - A STUDY OF HIS LIFE, HUMILITY, PHILANTHROPY, AND ENDURING POPULARITY IN INDIA AND BEYOND
Authors: Durez Asif , Kumarasamy Sudhakar
Published: October 2024

Sporting celebrities have become an integral part of popular culture in recent years, with their influence extending far beyond the realm of sports. These individuals have achieved a level of fame and recognition that transcends their athletic abilities, becoming cultural icons and role models for people all around the world. This abstract provides an overview of the concept of sporting celebrities and their impact on society. Sporting celebrities are individuals who have achieved fame and recognition through their achievements in sports. They are known for their exceptional talent, hard work, and dedication to their craft. Sporting celebrities are not only admired for their athletic abilities but also for their personalities, values, and personal struggles. They have become symbols of inspiration and hope for many, inspiring people to pursue their dreams and overcome challenges. In this article, we take one sporting celebrity, Indian cricketer Sachin Tendulkar, and assess his image in popularity across the globe and his impact on the social culture of the region. The study also reveals that his humble personality and philanthropic work have contributed to his popularity among fans.
CONSTRAINTS, INITIATIVES DAN ALTERNATIVES OF TENNIS SPORT IN MALAYSIA PRIMARY SCHOOL
Authors: Abdul Rahman Muhammad Nur Aizuddin
Published: October 2024

This study aims to identify teacher’s constraints, initiatives, and alternatives to train primary school tennis player to compete at district level. In addition, this study also aims to obtain expert agreement regarding tennis skills and appropriate equipment to be used to train students to play tennis without a court at school. Data was collected using questionnaires and interviews. The study subjects consisted of 3 primary school teachers who coached school tennis player, as well as 20 experts in the fields of sports science, sports psychology, physical education, module development and tennis coaching. The interview result found that the constraints of teachers to train their player are tennis court facilities and equipment, support systems and commitment. While the teacher’s initiative on the constraint is to prepare a team, using creativity and existing resources as a training ground. The results of the evaluation by experts in the field show that the skills that need to be trained without using the actual tennis court are sending and receiving for the tactical component while forehand, backhand, volley and serve for the technical component. The equipment needed to play tennis without a real court is a racket, a net, a level 1 tennis ball (red), a cone, a marker, and a marker line. In conclusion, as a result of this study, tennis can be played without using a real court to train basic tennis skills by using equipment agreed by experts. Based on the findings of this study, a tennis sports readiness module based on street tennis for primary school students needs to be developed so that tennis sports in Malaysia are more competitive in the future.
Access and Injustice: An Intersectionality-informed Analysis of Victorian Mental Health Policy in Australia
Authors: Rawson Edward , Zirnsak Tessa , Di Pierdomenico Kaitlin , Edan Vrinda , Brophy Lisa
Published: October 2024

The use of compulsion and restrictive interventions in mental health care has been linked to social factors including poverty and marginalization. Using an intersectionality-informed analysis of key Victorian mental health policy documents released over the past decade, we identified a consistent lack of attention to the role played by race, socioeconomic status, and other forms of marginalization in the increased likelihood of compulsory treatment. Although policymakers have strived to consider the role of social determinants in catalyzing or mitigating mental distress, this social framework is often displaced by a consistently dominant biomedical approach to mental illness, which emphasizes identifying diagnoses and providing clinical treatment. This paper critically examines the stated intentions of mental health policy in Victoria, Australia, and the recent recommendations of the Royal Commission into Victoria's mental health system. We found that policies and recommendations for reform tend to express an intention to decrease the use of compulsion and restrictive interventions. However, the assumption expressed in reforms is that compulsory treatment is the result of systematic failure to provide treatment through other less intrusive avenues, thus neglecting deliberate discussion and action on the intersecting social factors that directly contribute to compulsory treatment.
THE HISTORY OF THE FORMATION OF POLITICAL SUFISM IN CENTRAL ASIA
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Karimova Risalat-Bibi , Masimova Halminyam , Karimova Zulfiyam
Published: October 2024

The current political landscape in Central Asia reveals that Sufism has emerged as a significant po-litical force, now playing a crucial role in both the foreign and domestic policy agendas of Kazakhstan and the broader Central Asian region. The ideological revival of Islam requires a rethinking of the ac-cumulated historical experience. The authors sought to analyze the emergence, formation and devel-opment of Sufism in Central Asia. Simultaneously, a key emphasis was on political Sufism. The study was conducted within three territorial zones that differ in their specificity: Maverannahr, Nomadic Steppe and Eastern Turkestan. The authors sought to challenge the commonly held view of Sufism as merely an ascetic-mystical trend in Islam, arguing that this narrow perspective fails to capture the full richness and diversity of its essence. In particular, the study examines how Sufi leaders have integrated into political life, highlighting both their successful and unsuccessful attempts to seize secular power. The scientific and practical significance of the study lies in expanding the source material on various aspects of Sufism, including its formation and development within Islam, its multifaceted nature, and its political applications. Additionally, the study explores Sufism’s influence on historical processes in Kazakhstan, Eastern Turkestan, and Central Asia as a whole. The results of the study have valuable applications in both scientific and educational fields. The study is grounded in a robust theoretical and methodological framework, drawing on philosophical and historical concepts of Sufism as presented in the works of various scholars. An innovative methodological approach employed in this study was the principle of exploring the history and culture of Kazakhstan and Eastern Turkestan through exten-sive use of locally sourced, lesser-known materials that had previously been underutilized in histori-cal research. This approach has facilitated a deeper understanding of Sufism’s essence, as well as the distinct goals and methods of political Sufism.
THE WORK OF AL-KALKASHANDI (XV CENTURY) «SUBH AL-ASHA FI SINA'AT AL-INSHA» AS A SOURCE OF HISTORICAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE GOLDEN HORDE
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Zhuzbaeva Uldanai , Ilyasova Zibagul
Published: October 2024

Studying the historical and geographical aspects of the Golden Horde helps preserve its cultural heritage and expands knowledge about the past, which contributes to understanding the cultural diversity of the world. The purpose of the study was to identify historically significant data on the geography and political organization of the Golden Horde based on the analysis of the encyclopedia by al-Kalkashandi. To achieve this goal, an integrated approach was used, including a critical analysis of the text "Subh al-asha fi sina'at al-insha" using historical-critical, intertextual and comparative methods. As a result of the conducted research, the main geographical characteristics of the key cities and regions of the Golden Horde, such as Sarai, Hadji Tarkhan, Sauran and others, were identified, which made it possible to more accurately represent their size, structure and interrelationships with each other. In addition, the study examined the territorial boundaries of the Golden Horde, including its influence on neighboring regions, which allowed us to get a more complete picture of the geopolitical situation. The analysis of al-Kalkashandi's work also revealed the ethnocultural composition of the state's population, including various ethnic groups, their distribution across the territory and interaction with each other. This gave an understanding of the socio-cultural dynamics of the Golden Horde and the key moments in its historical development. The results of the study also revealed the main trade routes, trading partners and goods that were of great value to the Golden Horde, which allowed for a better understanding of its economic situation and role in international trade at that time. The results highlight the importance of al-Kalkashandi's work as a valuable source for studying the history of the Golden Horde, as well as expand knowledge about the geography and history of this region, helping to recreate a more accurate picture of its political, economic and cultural life.
PERLUSTRATION IN THE SEMIRECHENSK REGION (END OF XIX CENTURY-BEGINNING OF XX CENTURY)
Authors:   AL-FARABI KAZAKH NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, Iskakova Galiya
Published: October 2024

During the empire, the main purpose of surveillance was to find out what the majority thinks, supports, and keep the people under control. In other words, to influence the people and completely own their minds. Therefore, whether in Nazi Germany, the Soviet Union or in the Russian Empire the main goal of surveillance and collection of information about public opinion was the transformation of the masses. Censorship considered surveillance mechanisms in the Russian Empire, were carried out with the help of employees of postal and telegraph institutions. There were no perlustration centers in the Semirechensk region. At the end of the XIX and beginning of the XX centuries, the Semirechensk region received correspondence and parcels from all territories of the Russian Empire and from abroad. Employees of the local administration, special institutions and postal and telegraph institutions controlled correspondence according to the established mechanism. The purpose of this article is to determine the activities and features of postal and telegraph institutions (late XIX - early XX centuries) for the implementation of censorship in the Semirechensk region. The history of perlustration in the Russian Empire, the introduction of perlustration in the Semirechensk region, as well as the problems of monitoring individuals in the empire during the period under review are comprehensively examined.
Implementing Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) in Chatbots for Multi Usaha Raya
Authors: Raharjo Ilham Dwi , Egia Rosi Subhiyakto
Published: October 2024

The furniture industry is an important sector in Indonesia that supports the economy and provides quality furniture. An in-depth understanding of the furniture business is essential for industry players to improve operational efficiency and customer satisfaction. This research aims to develop a chatbot for Multi Usaha Raya furniture company to improve customer service and operational efficiency. In its development, the Machine Learning Model Development Life Cycle (MDLC) and deep learning approach using the Flask platform are employed. LSTM, a type of recurrent neural network (RNN) architecture capable of handling long-term dependencies, is utilized in this chatbot model. The model training results show an accuracy of 99%, validation accuracy of 96%, loss of 0.1%, and validation loss of 0.2% after 200 epochs, demonstrating the effectiveness of the LSTM algorithm for developing a chatbot in this company.
Diagnostic and surveillance testing capability for mpox in the EU/EEA, September 2024
Authors: Lagerqvist Nina , Beser Jessica , Bakonyi Tamás , Gossner Céline M , Palm Daniel
Published: October 2024

In response to the increasing number of mpox cases caused by monkeypox virus (MPXV) clade I in the African continent and the first reported travel-related clade Ib case of mpox in EU/EEA, the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control surveyed national capability for detection and characterisation of MPXV in the EU/EEA. The results showed high level of capability for case confirmation by PCR, alongside molecular typing methods for identification of MPXV clades and/or clade I subclades within the EU/EEA.
Mitochondrial Memory: Transgenerational Trauma, Functional Medicine, and Quantum Physics
Authors: Vega Rosalynn A.
Published: October 2024

Building from Karen Barad’s “diffractive methodological approach” (2007, 71), this article combines Mariella Pandolfi’s notion of the female body as a transgenerational “physiological memoir” (1990, 255) with functional medicine perspectives on mitochondria and advances in quantum physics around “entanglement” to explore a new concept—“mitochondrial memory.” Recent findings in biological research depict a communicating collective of mitochondria distributed across different “human” organs and describe how this collective controls many aspects of human health through epigenetic mechanisms. Since exact copies of mitochondria are inherited through the maternal line, I draw from anthropological theory, functional medicine research, and recent discoveries in physics to offer a speculative and poetic interpretation of mitochondria as vessels containing a multilevel sense of self, allowing for connections within the same maternal line of descent across time and space. I offer autoethnographic anecdotes highlighting the struggles of immigrant women of color—women Donna Haraway might refer to as “cyborg entities” (1991, 149)—thereby framing mitochondrial memory as formed through “naturecultural” and intersectional “intra-actions” (see Barad 2007, 97; Crenshaw 1989; and Haraway 2007, 249).
Genetic Kinship and the Future of Human Genome Editing
Authors: Saldaña-Tejeda Abril
Published: October 2024

This text offers a feminist inside view of the Third International Summit on Human Genome Editing. It reports on the narratives and voices that were prioritized, and the excitement and tensions that followed some of the arguments presented over the future, limitations, and potentiality of human genome editing. The text offers a snapshot of how ideas of reproduction and kinship shape some of the arguments in favor of and against the advancement of technological breakthroughs. It looks critically at the place of women in science and some of the blind spots of mainstream academia in the pursuit of a genuine global dialogue over the future of human evolution.
Thinking with Termites about Fractious Futures for Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in the United States
Authors: Stack Whitney Kaitlin
Published: October 2024

Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) involves transferring fecal material from a donor to a recipient. To think about more expansive and inclusive possible futures for FMT, in particular for people in the United States, it may be helpful to think with termites—their communities, the communities within them, and the community they may inadvertently provide to humans. This essay thinks with termites to explore several frictions in FMT in the US that shape its possible futures. The first friction explored is that FMT is human and (has always been) more than human, discussing both termites as ambivalent kin and the struggles of the regulation to understand FMT as transplantation. The second friction is that the curative imagination for FMT is discordant; examining medical researcher and practitioner discussion of potential FMT donor criteria and potential recipients illuminates the inconsistent insistence that people and guts are both malleable and fixed. FMT renders some donors and microbe communities as good or bad, healthy or sick, donor or recipient, but it’s much more complicated. The third friction is that FMT may be over, with recent US Food and Drug Administration approvals of pharmaceuticals that claim to supplant FMT. Thinking with other life forms that use and perform their own kinds of FMT, such as termites, may help inspire alternative, more inclusive futures for FMT.