bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of risk factors and clinical presentation of adenoid hypertrophy among children attending the pediatric outpatient department of tertiary care hospital in Dhaka division
Authors: Alam Morshed , Razzak M. Abdur , Rahman S. M. Azizur , Islam Sofiqul , Akter Shaheen
Published: November 2022

Background: Adenoid hypertrophy (AH), also known as enlarged adenoid, refers to the unusual growth of the adenoids. AH and its consequences are common in the entire childhood period. The adenoids are small masses of lymphatic tissue located in the upper airway, between the nose and the back of the throat.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2021 to December 2021 over a period of 12 months. All the children aged 1-18 years attending the pediatric outpatient department (OPD) who had known risk factors or sign-symptoms of AH underwent a lateral nasopharyngeal x-ray to confirm the presence of an enlarged adenoid. Those children who had enlarged adenoids were analyzed in this study.Results: A total of 1289 children aged 1-18 years attended the pediatric OPD over 1 year of the study period, out of them, 118 had evidence of enlarged adenoid on lateral nasopharyngeal x-ray, giving a prevalence of 2.3%. Among the 118 radiologically proved AH cases, 112 (95%) were symptomatic and 6 (5%) were asymptomatic having risk factors only. The peak age of diagnosis of AH in this study was between 12-72 months (43.4%).  The mean age of presentation was 100.6±58 months. There was a male predominance with male to female ratio of 1.6:1. AH may be presented without symptoms in 5% of cases or may be presented with complications such as OSA (27%), adenoid facies (14%), and otitis media with effusion with or without hearing impairment (13%).Conclusions: The prevalence of AH among children attending the pediatric outpatient department was 2%, of them 18% had an indication for adenoidectomy. The most common two clinical presentations were mouth breathing and nasal obstruction and the most common complication was obstructive sleep apnea.
Pathological jaundice in late preterm neonates admitted in a tertiary hospital, Imphal: a prospective COHORT study
Authors: Sharma Manisha , Khiangte Lalrinkimi , Beti Punyo , Kambiakdik T. , Singh C. Shyamsunder
Published: November 2022

Background: Approximately 85% of all term and most preterms develop clinical jaundice. Hyperbilirubinrmia is defined as a total bilirubin (TB) >95th percentile on the hour-specific Bhutani normogram. Pathological jaundice implies the onset of jaundice before 24 hours of age, rate of rise in TSB of >0.2 mg/dl/hour and jaundice persisting after 14 days in term and 21 days in late-preterms. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence, progression and the predictors of pathological jaundice among the late preterm infants admitted in Paediatrics ward of a tertiary care centre, Imphal.Methods: A hospital based prospective cohort study was carried out in paediatrics department, RIMS during a period of 2 years (September 2019 to August 2022) with approval from research ethics board. Sample size was 100 based on consecutive sampling.Results: Pathological jaundice developed among 65.0% (95% CI: 54.7-74.1%) neonates. The median duration of onset was 47.0 hours. The mean bilirubin at the time of diagnosis of jaundice was 15.5 mg/dl. Three neonates underwent exchange transfusion. Of these 3, one had pre-exchange bilirubin encephalopathy. Male gender, breast feeding, sepsis, infants blood group (B +ve), jaundice among the siblings and birth trauma (birth asphyxia/cephalhematoma) were significantly associated with the development of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.Conclusions: Jaundice is condition that is often present and constitutes one of the major risks for neurodevelopmental issues in later life and the risk is further compounded by prematurity. Hence further studies with a larger sample size on a multicentric level could add robustness to our study thereby helping in better understanding and management of the condition.
Clinical profile and immediate outcome of children admitted with foreign body aspiration: experience at Dr. Vaishampayan Memorial Government Medical College, Solapur, Maharashtra
Authors: Ghodke Sujit B. , D. Manasa , Bhori Neelofar , Savaskar Shakira V. , Takalkar Anant A.
Published: November 2022

Background: Foreign body (FB) aspiration is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening situation that requires urgent intervention. It occurs more commonly among children than in adults. The clinical presentation varies depending on the location of FB in the airway. Patients may be asymptomatic, but when present, symptoms range from acute onset of cough, shortness of breath and at times, asphyxiation. Objective of the research was to study the clinical pattern and immediate outcome of children admitted with foreign body aspiration (FBA).Methods: Descriptive observational study was carried out at department of paediatrics at Dr. VMGMC Solapur during the study period of September 2019 to October 2021. Statistical analysis was done using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) 24.0 version.Results: Mean age of the study population was 4.16±2.74 years. Males were 26 (52%) and females were 24 (48%) in our study. Males were predominant in our study with male to female ratio as 1.08:1. Groundnut was commonest FB seen in 34%. Commonest location of FB was right nose in 18 (36%), left nose in 12 (24%). Commonly seen symptoms were irritability in 58%, fever in 40%, vomiting in 40% and cough in 38%. Mortality rate was 2% in our study.Conclusions: Commonly observed aspiration of suspected FB was groundnut in 34% and chana in 20% cases. Most common symptom after aspiration revealed that the irritability in 29 (58%), fever 20 (40%) and vomiting in 20 (40%) cases. Mortality rate was 2% in our study.
Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour of an unusual site in an infant
Authors: Chidurala Rahul , Sneha Latha M. , Kothandan Balaji Thiruvengadam , Aruncahalam Ravikumar , Jeyabalakrishnan Shivapriya , Arumugam Vasugi Gramani , Periyakaruppan Gokulakrishnan
Published: November 2022

Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumors are rare mesenchymal tumors of intermediate malignant potential, usually seen in the first or second decades of life. They have a high local recurrence rate but rarely metastasize. The involvement of paranasal sinuses or the nasal cavity is relatively uncommon, especially in infants. In children, there is a predilection for the abdominal cavity and it is rare in infants. Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice. We report a case of a 10-month-old girl with an inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the left nasal cavity and sinuses who was initially treated with chemotherapy in view of the complicated surgical process and later underwent near-total resection as she was not responding to chemotherapy. Knowledge of such tumors among physicians and ENT surgeons will improve the prognosis, as completely excised tumors have a very low recurrence rate and adjuvant therapy may not be needed.
Data bias in precision medicine
Authors: Laishram Indira Singha
Published: November 2022

Precision medicine is poised to increasingly improve health outcomes for more people in the near future. In contrast to the more traditional reactive methods of disease treatment, precision medicine is a customizable treatment and disease prevention approach that is tailored for the individual. Artificial intelligence (AI) using sophisticated algorithms and machine learning (ML) tools powers these precision medicine processes. These algorithms analyze big data collected from multiple sources over the past decades to aid physicians to make data-backed critical clinical decisions. However, studies have shown that unintentional biases in the source data and in the process can affect these precision medicine efforts.
Complications of squamosal type of chronic otitis media- its management in a tertiary care centre
Authors: Borgohain Rupam , Saikia Asha
Published: November 2022

Background: Chronic otitis media of squamosal type is inflammation of the middle ear cleft presenting with recurrent ear discharge through a tympanic membrane perforation. The disease spectrum ranges from mild to severe forms of complications. The aim is to find the incidence of complications of unsafe CSOM, its management and the demographic profile associated with it.

Methods: This hospital-based observational study was carried out on 25 patients admitted in the ENT department of a tertiary care centre during a period of 1 year. Diagnosis was made by taking a thorough history, clinical, audiological and radiological investigations. The data collected were tabulated in Microsoft excel worksheet and the variables were summarized as percentages and proportions.

Results: Out of 25 patients, 9 patients had complications and the most common extracranial and intracranial complications were mastoid abscess and brain abscess respectively. Complications were more common in the age group of 11-20 years. In all the patients, multiple intravenous antibiotics were given covering gram positive, gram negative and anaerobic organisms. The intracranial complications were managed by neurosurgery or neurology followed by mastoidectomy to eradicate the disease at source.

Conclusions: Significant decrease has been seen in the incidence of complications and mortality due to availability of newer and effective antibiotics along with early diagnosis and intervention. However, they are still prevalent among the lower socio-economic strata, poor hygiene and overcrowding communities. This study was aimed at creating awareness among the population to avail medical treatment at the earliest possible to avoid complications.
Sinonasal angiomatous polyp: a case report
Authors: Dhingra Preeti , Palapalle Naresh , Poyyil Dilroop K. , Katna Rakesh
Published: November 2022

Sinonasal angiomatous polyp (SAP) is a rare variant of sino-nasal polyp. Sinonasal inflammatory polyps are classified histo-pathologically into 5 types: edematous, glandular, fibrous, cystic and angiomatous. They present with various different patterns and clinical features like epistaxis, nasal discharge, nasal blockage and characterised histo-pathologically by presence of prominent dilated capillary-type blood vessels. It constitutes about 4-5% of all nasal polyps. They usually present as a unilateral, painless, soft, gelatinous, translucent and polypoidal mass in nasal cavity. These polyps can grow rapidly and aggressively causing erosion of bone and severe bleeding like a cancerous lesion, making difficult to differentiate it from malignant lesion. Various differential diagnosis of SAP include inflammatory polyp, haemangioma, mucocele, fungus ball, inverted papilloma, juvenile naso-pharyngeal angiofibroma, and malignant tumors like squamous cell carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, and melanoma MRI is considered better than CT scan for diagnosis. Treatment of choice is endoscopic surgical excision with restoration of sinus drainage.

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Plasma cell mucositis masquerading as squamous cell carcinoma- a surgical dilemma: a rare case report and review of literature
Authors: Gopal Ashish , Singh Maya , Singh Ishwar , Mandal Sharmana
Published: November 2022

Plasma cell mucositis is a rare, idiopathic, multifocal, benign proliferative disorder affecting upper aerodigestive tract. It is a very rare condition and less than 50 cases reported in literature. A 62 years old female patient reported with complaints of oral discomfort, superficial erosive ulceration on the tongue, and burning sensation on eating food for last 2 years. Initially, Incisional biopsy of the involved mucosal area confirmed the diagnosis of well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma for which hemi-glossectomy was done. However histopathological examination submitted revealed a hyperplastic epithelium with a dense infiltrate of mature polyclonal plasma cells in the superficial layer of lamina propria, for which plasma cell mucositis was made a diagnosis. Plasma cell mucositis is a diagnosis of exclusion, to be differentiated from other infective, reactive, autoimmune, allergic and neoplastic disorders with plasma cell infiltrates. Management includes topical, intralesional, systemic corticosteroids and debulking procedures. Regular follow-up is essential due to the possibility of its clinical persistence and chances of malignant transformation.
Cervical laceration courtesy, the unbreakable kite string: case report
Authors: Munjal Manish , Munjal Shubham , Jindal Jyoti , Talwar Shivam , Chawla Deeksha , Kaur Hardeep , Sandhu Loveleen , Grewal Mehtab , Gill Ruchika , Chahal Jasmeen , Joshi Tanvi
Published: November 2022

Kite flying is a sporting activity in Indian subcontinent and winters is the time of the year when rooftops are crowded and all eyes are towards the sky. The traditional glass spiked cotton threads made kite string Indian manja has been superseded by the inexpensive strong synthetic nonbiodegradable Chinese manja. This unstretchable and unbreakable string is fraught with life threatening primary and secondary impact kite string injuries. The kite-flyers themselves, the kite catchers, assistants, two-wheelers, drivers, pillion riders as well as, the pedestrians are the victims. We present a unique patient, who sustained a primary cervical injury with extensive laceration and tearing of the external jugular vein.
The Acceptance of Tax Inspection and Educational Visit System of Entrepreneurs in a World-Class Tourist Attraction of Thailand
Authors: Dungtripop Wilawan , Aujirapongpan Somnuk , Taojoo Timpika , Sukphol Tipawan , Jutidharabongse Jaturon
Published: November 2022

The purposes of this research are (1) to study the acceptance of tax inspection and educational visit system of entrepreneurs, and (2) to study the literacy factors affecting the acceptance of tax inspection and educational visit system of entrepreneurs in world-class tourist attractions of Thailand, which are, Koh Samui and Koh Phangan. The sample group was 301 juristic person entrepreneurs using a questionnaire for data collection to analyze the statistics, which include; Frequency, Percentage, Mean, and Standard Deviation, to test the relationship and Causal Effect Size. The research result revealed that the acceptance of tax inspection and educational visit system of entrepreneurs was at the most level of all three aspects: receptive attention, cooperation, and taxation. Moreover, the factors of entrepreneurs who had different taxation practices on the accounting of current enterprises had the acceptance of tax inspection and educational visit system in terms of cooperation differently by statistical significance at 0.05 levels. Furthermore, the relationship of literacy factor was positive with the acceptance of the educational visit system and tax inspection. When considering the size effect in each aspect, there was only the literacy building on benefits and risks that affected the acceptance of the educational visit system by statistical significance at 0.05 levels.
EVIDÊNCIAS CIENTÍFICAS FRENTE A PRATICA DO ACOLHIMENTO EM PACIENTE COM COVID – 19
Authors: Souza neto Vinicius Lino , Silva Layana Santos , Solheiro Renata Santos , Silva Sheron Brandão , Santos Yone Gonçalves dos , Oliveira Anderson Varjão De
Published: November 2022

Objetivo: Analisar as evidências cientificas frente a pratica do acolhimento ao paciente com COVID-19. Método: estudo descritivo realizado por meio de revisão integrativa da literatura, utilizando publicações científicas disponibilizadas nas bases de dados LILACS, Medline e BDENF,que se buscou por meio dos Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCS) que foram analisados de forma pareada, alguns aspectos como metodologia, e nível de evidência cientifica, como amostra final 15 artigos. Resultados: Após a análise de 15 artigos, observou-se uma preocupação das instituições de saúde frente a saúde mental dos pacientes com COVID-19, implementando ações: como as vídeos chamada, os áudios de aplicativo do celular, as fotografias de momentos de família, e da infância, a confecção de murais que representa o momento a evolução do paciente. Conclusão: Assim, acredita-se que tais momentos são fundamentais para o afloramento das estratégias de enfretamento, ou seja, é o caminho para despertar o coping.
EDITORIAL
Authors: Adriano Borges Flávio
Published: November 2022

A sociedade contemporânea e, não obstante, os(as) enfermeiros(as) e demais profissionais de saúde ainda pressupõem um alinhamento determinista entre sexo e gênero, o que corresponde à cisgeneridade (cis), apesar dos notórios avanços nos direitos humanos com relação às questões que envolvem a diversidade sexual e de gênero, como o direito à união civil entre homossexuais e a criação de políticas públicas que buscam garantir a equidade entre mulheres e homens. Mesmo assim, ainda são perceptíveis situações cotidianas de violência e preconceito contra lésbicas, gays, bissexuais, travestis, transexuais e demais pessoas que diferem do padrão cis, heterossexual e binário (classificação de gênero e sexo de apenas duas formas distintas e opostas: homem e mulher), ou seja, pessoas LGBT+.
Distribution of Chromium Species and Physico-Chemical Analysis of Various Industrial Effluents in Hyderabad and Jamshoro, Pakistan
Authors: KSHİF CHANNA Muhammah , BAİG Jameel , AKHTAR Khalıl , JUNAİD Mirza , KAZİ Tasneem Gul , AFRİDİ Hassan Imran , AHMED SOLANGİ Shakoor , PERVEEN Saima , SARA Bibi
Published: November 2022

This research aimed to quantify the speciation of chromium in different industrial effluent samples of Hyderabad and Jamshoro, Pakistan. The hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) was determined by microsample injection system flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (MIS-FAAS). The total chromium was measured by MIS-FAAS after the oxidation of trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) to hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) by Ce(SO4)2 in an acidic medium (0.07 M H2SO4). The content of Cr(III) was measured by the difference method (total chromium – hexavalent chromium). In the effluent samples of textile and fabrics industries, the total Cr was observed 400 to 1600 times higher than the US-EPA and WHO regulatory limit (0.10 mg/L) in the industrial discharge. In the effluent of food and plastic industries, the Cr(VI) was found to be high as compared to the Cr(III), and the Cr(III) was observed high in the effluent samples of chemical as well as textile and fabrics industries. The Cr(VI) was higher than the US-EPA and WHO regulatory limit (0.05 mg/L) in the effluent samples of all selected industries, but the Cr(III) was within the US-EPA and WHO regulatory limit (170 mg/L) in the industrial discharges.
El Libertador Simón Bolívar: derecho disciplinario preventivo, comportamientos estimulantes y sanciones positivas. Su engranaje con la figura actual y en franca construcción del compliance público y privado
Authors: Gómez Pavajeau Carlos Arturo
Published: November 2022

El derecho disciplinario colombiano, por excelencia de “control externo” y único en el mundo en su génesis, formación y desarrollo, al margen de la “potestad doméstica” de la Administración, se debate en su más desafiante encrucijada. Los ataques provienen de quienes buscan deslegitimar la existencia de una bicentenaria institución sui generis en el concierto constitucional mundial, la Procuraduría General de la Nación, ideada por el Libertador Simón Bolívar, por lo que en este estudio se trata de poner de presente, en orden a un conocimiento “bien informado”, la plataforma filosófica, jurídica y política de la cual parte, mostrándose cómo las características definitorias y sobresalientes del estado actual del derecho disciplinario colombiano provienen de la misma génesis seminal bolivariana.
Effects Of Load-Shedding On The Performance Of Small, Medium And Micro Enterprises In Gqeberha, South Africa
Authors: Mago Stephen , F Olajuyin Olayide
Published: November 2022

Small, medium and micro enterprises (SMMEs) are recognized for promoting the livelihoods of the poor and for economic growth. The purpose of this study is to investigate how load-shedding affects the performance of SMMEs in the food industry in South Africa. The study was conducted in the Central Business District and Summerstrand areas in Gqeberha (formerly Port Elizabeth). The study is explorative and adopts a qualitative research design. The study population was made up of SMMEs owners in the food industry, with paid employees ranging from 5 to 200 people in the Central Business District and Summerstrand areas within Gqeberha (formerly Port Elizabeth). The purposive sampling method was utilized to select the study participants. The study revealed that load-shedding affected the capacity of SMMEs to provide quality products and services to their customers. To mitigate the effect of power outages, SMMEs adopted alternative power sources like backup generators and adjusted their operations to keep their businesses running. Also, the study confirmed that planned load-shedding enables SMMEs to plan and alleviate the effects of load-shedding. The study concluded that load-shedding disrupts the activities of SMMEs, which impedes customer satisfaction, leading to poor business performance.
Resolución de problemas usando Visual Basic for Applications en Excel
Authors: Hirsh Martínez Layla
Published: November 2022

Resolución de problemas usando Visual Basic for Applications en Excel presenta las herramientas y los métodos de lenguaje VBA en Excel y los emplea de manera didáctica mediante la propuesta y el desarrollo de ejercicios de aplicación. De esta manera, el libro permite a los estudiantes de cursos introductorios de informática y en general a usuarios avanzados en Excel aproximarse al proceso de resolución de problemas en ese programa de forma sencilla y directa.
Las cronologías del formativo : 50 años de investigaciones japonesas en perspectiva
Authors: Kaulicke Peter , Onuki Yoshio
Published: November 2022

Con esta publicación la PUCP se suma a la celebración de estos cincuenta años de labor peruanista de los estudiosos japoneses, que no solo ha permitido importantes estudios sino un fructífero intercambio entre la PUCP y la academia japonesa. De esta manera se encuentran contemplados en el volumen diversos repasos, análisis y estudios sobre la cronología del Formativo, investigaciones realizadas en diversos territorios de asentamiento, siendo quizás los más importantes Kotosh, Chavín y Cerro Blanco.
THE EFFECTS OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE PRINCIPLES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE
Authors: ЅALЕH ѕarbaѕt ѕattar , GÜRKAN Serhan
Published: November 2022

Corporate governance's objectives are to establish stable management, increase competitiveness, apply modern management techniques, and reduce capital and credit costs. In light of this information, it can be expected that corporate governance practices will positively affect the enterprise's performance. The primary purpose of this study is to investigate the role played by corporate governance principles in achieving outstanding organizational performance in Iraqi telecommunication companies; Zain Iraq, Asia Cell, and Korek Telecom. The questionnaire forms were used as the main instrument for data collection. The samples include 363 managers from Iraqi telecommunication companies. The data were analyzed using partial least squares structural modeling (PLS-SEM). The analysis showed casual relationships between corporate governance principles and outstanding organizational performance. The results also showed that responsibility and accountability, transparency, fairness and equity, social awareness, and independence positively and significantly affect.
Facteurs Associés à L’inobservance Thérapeutique chez les Patients Admis pour Acidocétose Diabétique à l’Hôpital National de Niamey
Authors: Youssoufa Seydou Moussa , Maman Daou , Abdoul-Rahimou Moussa Oumarou , Amadou Sadou , Adamou Hamadou , Wahab Massi Abdoul , Adehossi Eric
Published: November 2022

Introduction : L’acidocétose diabétique est une complication aigue métabolique fréquente du diabète. L’inobservance thérapeutique, un des facteurs décompensant du diabète, peut être associé à plusieurs facteurs. Cette étude vise à identifier les facteurs associés à l’inobservance thérapeutique Patients et méthode : il s’agit d’une étude rétrospective réalisée au service de médecine interne de l’hôpital national de Niamey ayant inclus tous les diabétiques d’un ou plus, hospitalisé dans le service pour prise en charge d’une acidocétose. Résultats : Au total 197 dossiers ont été retenus dont 58,89% de sexe féminin contre 41,11% de sexe masculin. L’âge moyen de nos patients était de 46,80 +/- 14,31 ans avec des extrêmes de 15ans et de 80 ans. Le diabète de type 2 était le plus représenté avec 80,71%. La majorité de nos patients (63,45%) avaient une durée d’évolution de 5ans au plus. Les facteurs associés à l’inobservance thérapeutique sont : le genre, la durée d’évolution du diabète, le suivi régulier, et l’association ou non à l’Hypertension artérielle. Conclusion : Cette étude fait un premier état des lieux sur les facteurs associés l’inobservance thérapeutique des diabétiques admis pour acidocétose. Une étude prospective à plus grande échelle est nécessaire pour une meilleure maitrise de la question afin de mieux prévenir cette inobservance.
Atenuación e intensificación en actos de habla exhortativos del habla coloquial pereirana
Authors: Cisneros Estupiñan Mireya , SERNA PINTO MARÍA ALICIA
Published: November 2022

En este artículo se analizan las estrategias de atenuación e intensificación en las peticiones y los mandatos como actos de habla exhortativos en el habla de Pereira.El estudio es sincrónico (2021-2022) y cualitativo. Se formó un corpus compuesto por 120 actos de habla exhortativos coloquiales, obtenidos por estudiantes de la Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira mediante la observación participante en entornosfamiliares y cercanos a su red social o red de vínculos. Los resultados indican que en Pereira la atenuación en los mandatos y las peticiones se expresa a través de unidades que actúan como marcadores discursivos, tales como digo yo y ustedes verán, del uso de narraciones incrustadas entre el núcleo y el mitigador del acto de habla, y deadulaciones, mientras que la intensificación se marca con exageraciones. Además, se evidencia que las preguntas retóricas pueden servir tanto para atenuar comointensificar la fuerza ilocutiva del acto exhortativo.
The Relationship Between Metalinguistic Awareness & Linguistic Redundancy, Some Notes for Turkish Instructors
Authors: DEMİR Seda , OKUR Alpaslan
Published: November 2022

Abstract. Pleonasm has been defined as a hypernym (umbrella term) in Western linguistics, mainly as an unnecessary language element, with expressions that can be translated as 'linguistic redundancy and extension or linguistic redundancy'. It is used to describe any element, component, or situation that contains semantic or functional repetition in the discourse that is not necessary for its function in any element belonging to any field of linguistics. Such an increase in the number of elements does not affect or change the intended meaning of the discourse and does not provide information that was not presented before. At the same time, the phenomenon in question serves some literary, phraseological, or pragmatic purposes, that is, it is used to create linguistic, poetic, and literary effects. However, the phenomenon in question may have some effects that make it difficult to understand the discourse in foreign language/second language learning. In developing metalanguage awareness, it is essential to present these elements to learners in the foreign/second language teaching process, intuiting and direct teaching. In developing metalanguage awareness, it is important to present these elements to learners in the foreign/second language teaching process, intuiting and direct teaching. The study was designed with a case study, which is a qualitative research design, and the data obtained in the research were subjected to content analysis and descriptive analysis. The problem of the study is to examine whether the learners of Turkish as a foreign language can identify examples of linguistic redundancy and extension in the discourse through their productive language skills, examine why these uses occur, and offer some suggestions to the instructors at the point of developing metalanguage awareness.
Pediatri pratiğinde transfontanel ultrasonografi
Authors: AYDIN Hilal , YAZICI Selçuk , AKAY Emrah , BALCI Hatice , BIÇAKÇIOĞLU Işınsu
Published: November 2022

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, pediatri pratiğinde çeşitli endikasyonlar nedeni ile transfontanel ultrasonografi
(TFUSG) istenilen hastaların tanısal profilinin ortaya çıkarılması hedeflenmiştir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmada, 01.08.2019-18.10.2021 tarihleri arasında, Balıkesir Üniversitesi Tıp
Fakültesi çocuk sağlığı ve hastalıkları ile çocuk nöroloji polikliniklerinde çeşitli endikasyonlar ile
transfontanel ultrasonografi istenilen 0-2 yaş arasındaki hastaların dosyaları retrospektif olarak
incelendi. TFUSG bulguları normal/normalin varyasyonları ve anormal olarak ikiye ayrıldı.
Bulgular: 77’si (%42,1) kız ve 106’sı (%57,9) erkek olmak üzere toplam 183 olgu çalışmaya dahil
edildi. Olguların yaş ortalaması 119,55±134,52 gün (1-700 gün) idi. En sık TFUSG istem nedenleri;
çeşitli etiyolojiler (n=79, %43,2), nöbet (n=37, %20,2), ve yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesine yatış
öyküsü (n=23, %12,6) idi. 30 (%16,4) olguda TFUSG anormal olarak raporlandı. En sık anormal
TFUSG bulguları; beyin omurilik sıvısı (BOS) mesafelerinde genişleme (n=8,%4,4), hidrosefali (n=7,
%3,8), subaraknoid mesafede genişleme (n=5, %2,7) idi. TFUSG normal veya anormal olanlar
arasında cinsiyet, gestasyon yaşına göre doğum ağırlığı ve baş çevresi açısından istatiksel olarak
anlamlı farklılık saptandı (p=0,007, p=0,048, p=0,00).
Sonuç: 0-2 yaş arası hastalarda TFUSG bulgularında cinsiyet, gestasyon yaşına göre doğum ağırlığı
ve baş çevresi açısından anlamlı farklılık saptanması çalışmamızı öne çıkaran özelliktir ve üzerinde
daha kapsamlı çalışılması gereken bir bulgudur.
Distribution of candida species and risk factors for invasive candidiasis
Authors: KORULMAZ Ali , ALAKAYA Mehmet , ARSLANKOYLU Ali Ertug , KAYA Sadik , ERDOGAN Semra , OZGUR Didem , OTAG Zehra Feza
Published: November 2022

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the Candida species isolated from the clinical samples of patients in the pediatric intensive care unit and to determine the risk factors for invasive candidiasis.
Materials and Methods: Patients with Candida species detected in clinical samples between January 2013 and December 2018 were included in this study. The demographic characteristics of the patients, the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and immunosuppressive drugs, underlying diseases, blood transfusions, history of surgical operations, whether there is bacterial growth with Candida species in the same clinical sample, parenteral nutrition and invasive interventions were retrospectively analyzed and their relationship with invasive candidiasis was investigated.
Results: A total of 91 patients were included in the study. The mean age was 72.3 ± 70.1 months. Among the patients 48.4% had Candida albicans while 51.6% had non-albicans Candida. Candida parapsilosis (n = 18, 19.8%) and Candida tropicalis (n = 14, 15.4%) were the most common non-albicans Candida species. The most common antifungal treatment was fluconazole (n = 34, 59.6%). There was no statistically significant relationship between invasive candidiasis and the underlying disease, central venous and / or urinary catheter, broad-spectrum antibiotic, corticosteroid, gender and surgical operation (p> 0.05). On the other hand, there was a statistically significant relationship between invasive candidiasis and parenteral nutrition, blood transfusion and bacterial growth with Candida species in the same clinical sample (p <0.05).
Conclusions: Non-albicans Candida species are more common than Candida albicans in the pediatric intensive care units. Candida parapsilosis is the most common among non-albicans Candida species. Parenteral nutrition, blood transfusion and bacterial growth with Candida species in the same clinical sample increased the risk of invasive candidiasis.
Evaluation of healthcare-associated infections in general intensive care unit in Meram State Hospital
Authors: BALASAR Barış , UĞUR Ömer , EROĞLU Esma
Published: November 2022

Aim: Healthcare-associated infections are a major source of concern in all areas of hospitals, particularly in intensive care units. The goal of our study was to look at the current situation and evaluate the measures that can be taken based on the data obtained by examining the rates and factors of healthcare-associated infections in the general intensive care units of our hospital over a one-year period.
Materials and Methods: Between January 2020 and December 2020, 665 patients who were followed up and treated in the general intensive care unit of Meram State Hospital were followed up in terms of healthcare-associated infections, and their outcomes were evaluated.
Results: 5354 hospitalization days of 665 patients who were followed up in the general intensive care units for a year were evaluated, and it was determined that 53 of the patients developed healthcare-associated infections. Twenty-two (41.5%) of patients with healthcare-associated infections were female, while 31 (58.5%) were male. It was discovered that the patients' mean age was 71,7±14 (19-94). The infection rate was calculated to be 5.86 and the density to be 7.28. Furthermore, the rates of invasive device-associated nosocomial infection are as follows: 1.02 for central line-associated bloodstream infections, 0.56 for catheter-associated urinary tract infections, and 0 for ventilator-associated pneumonia.
Conclusion: Healthcare-associated infections are a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in intensive care units. Due to the improvement in medical care and the increase in life expectancy in parallel with this, effective surveillance practices are of critical importance.
A papagájalakúak (Psittaciformes) rendjéhez tartozó fajok magyar nevei
Authors: Oláh György , Bankovics Attila
Published: November 2022

A papagájalakúak rendje (Psittaciformes) több mint 400 fajt foglal magában, leginkább trópusi és szubtrópusi elterjedéssel. A ma élő fajok mintegy harmada a Természetvédelmi Világszövetség besorolása szerint valamelyik fenyegetett kategóriába tartozik. Az élőhelyek pusztulása, a mezőgazdaság terjeszkedése, az erdőirtás és a betelepített inváziós fajok mellett az illegális állatkereskedelem kifejezetten veszélyezteti a madaraknak ezt a színpompás csoportját. A papagájok széles népszerűségnek örvendenek hazánkban is, mivel azonban nem létezik egységes magyar nyelvű névjegyzékük, eltérő neveikkel találkozhatunk a magyar nyelvű természettudományi folyóiratokban, természetfilmek fordításaiban vagy az egyre szélesebb körben használt internetes portálokon. Ebben a publikációban elsőként közöljük minden jelenleg élő, valamint már kihalt papagájfaj magyar nevét és rendszertani besorolását a legújabb filogenetikai eredményekre alapozva. Mindezeket egy rendszeresen frissülő online adatbázisban is ismertetjük, kibővítve a fajok angol nevével, aktuális veszélyeztetettségi besorolásával, és a tartásukra és kereskedelmükre vonatkozó, hatályban lévő nemzetközi és hazai korlátozásokkal. Célunk, hogy ezzel a publikációval egyértelműsítsük a papagájfajok magyar neveinek használatát a biológusok, taxonómusok, jogászok, szakfordítók, természetfilmesek, papagájtenyésztők és állattartók köreiben Magyarországon.
On conducting a study among institutionalised adolescents in Kerala, India: legal and ethical challenges
Authors: Sumitha TS , Varma Ravi Prasad
Published: November 2022

We report the dilemmas faced by the investigators while conducting a study on the social and environmental factors for protection of the mental health of adolescents placed under State protection in Kerala, India. The proposal received counsel and directives from the Integrated Child Protection Scheme authorities, under the Social Justice Department of Kerala state and the Institutional Ethics Committee of the host institution. The investigator faced and had to reconcile conflicting directives and antithetical field realities, with respect to seeking informed consent from the study participants. The physical act of adolescents signing the consent form, rather than the actual process of assent, received disproportionately more scrutiny. The authorities also questioned the privacy and confidentiality requirements raised by the researchers. Of the 248 eligible adolescents, 26 chose to dissent from participating in the study, demonstrating that choices would be made if they are offered. There is a need for more discourse on achieving steadfast adherence to the principles of informed consent, particularly in research on vulnerable groups such as institutionalised children.
Fuzzy Algorithmic Modeling of Economics and Innovation Process Dynamics Based on Preliminary Component Allocation by SSA Method
Authors: Rogachev Alexey F. , Simonov Alexey B. , Ketko Natalia V. , Skiter Natalia N.
Published: November 2022

: In this article, the authors propose an algorithmic approach to building a model of the dynamics of economic and, in particular, innovation processes. The approach under consideration is based on a complex algorithm that includes (1) decomposition of the time series into components using singular spectrum analysis; (2) recognition of the optimal component model based on fuzzy rules, and (3) creation of statistical models of individual components with their combination. It is shown that this approach corresponds to the high uncertainty characteristic of the tasks of the dynamics of innovation processes. The proposed algorithm makes it possible to create effective models that can be used both for analysis and for predicting the future states of the processes under study. The advantage of this algorithm is the possibility to expand the base of rules and components used for modeling. This is an important condition for improving the algorithm and its applicability for solving a wide range of problems.
A Mathematical Theory of Knowledge for Intelligent Agents
Authors: Ekolle Zie Eya , Kohno Ryuji , Ochiai Hideki
Published: November 2022

Knowledge is a property that measures the degree of awareness of an agent about a target in an environment. The goal in conventional intelligent and cognitive agent development is to build agents that can be trained to gain knowledge about a target. The definition and operations of this knowledge associated to the agent is not clear, whereas these are required for developing a reliable, scaleable and flexible agent. In this paper, we take into account such requirements, and present a concise theoretical framework for the design of cognitive and rational intelligent agents, their properties and operations on targets. We present many illustrative examples and an experiment to show how the incorporation of different cognitive properties to an agent enables the agent to act rationally with improve generalization performance in an interactive environment.
Does Losing Weight Lower the Risk of Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Tzenios Nikolaos , Tazanios Mary , Poh Omasyarifa Binti Jamal , Chahine Mohamed
Published: November 2022

(1) Background: Loss of weight is one of the practices which have been identified as key in reducing the risk of various forms of cancer. Therefore, this study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies related to the topic of loss of weight and risk of cancer and addresses the question, ‘does losing weight reduce the risk of cancer?’ Its purpose is to identify current high-quality evidence on such a question and synthesize such evidence before summarizing it given specific data attributes to improve decision-making processes on cancer management. (2) Methods: Research studies were identified from four main databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Google scholar, and Medline. A systematic review and meta-analysis of such studies were then conducted to reveal the most current evidence on the research topic. (3) Results: The studies showed that losing weight reduces cancer risk. Nonetheless, such intervention is not necessarily effective, especially in cases where patients may be at risk of developing cancer due to other risk factors. (4) Conclusions: The current study concludes that there is a need to implement effective interventions such as physical exercise, dietary restrictions, or both that can be effective in reducing weight to reduce the risk of cancer.
Comentarios docentes sobre la educación a distancia durante la cuarentena
Authors: Bautista Flores Elizabeth , Loreto Quintana Nora
Published: November 2022

La contingencia sanitaria generada por el covid-19 obligó al mundo a hacer una pausa en todos los espacios de la vida cotidiana. En los diferentes niveles del área de educación se debió modificar el esquema tradicional y migrar a la educación a distancia, aunque, en la mayoría de los casos, sin preparación ni planeación.
UN ESTUDIO PREPANDEMIA SOBRE USOS RECREATIVOS EN EL PARQUE MÉXICO UBICADO EN CIUDAD DE MÉXICO (AÑO 2017)
Authors: Flores-Xolocotzi Ramiro , Ceballos Pérez Sergio Gabriel
Published: November 2022

Se realizó un estudio recreativo a través de encuestas en el Parque México de Ciudad de México. Para ello se analizó la relación entre patrones de visita con información socioeconómica, usos y percepciones de los visitantes de 18 años o más. Se estimaron estadísticas descriptivas. Además se realizaron un análisis de correlación canónica no lineal para analizar relaciones entre variables y una regresión probit ordinal para determinar las variables que explican la frecuencia de uso recreativo. Se obtuvo que el Parque recibe principalmente visitantes con escolaridad de al menos licenciatura (78.6%) e ingresos altos (más de 50 % tiene ingresos mensuales familiares de más de 10 mil pesos y 27.6% del total percibe más de $30 mil mensuales). Sobre recreación, considerando los resultados, se concluye que aunque el mayor porcentaje de la población estudiada proviene de colonias fuera del Corredor Roma-Condesa: los visitantes que viven en el Corredor y que tienen altos ingresos, tienen peso en la descripción del modelo. Igualmente se concluye que a mayores ingresos de los visitantes del parque, se incrementa la frecuencia de uso. También se observa que el parque es usado entre semana por más del 50% de la población de visitantes estudiados y con un alto porcentaje de uso en las mañanas.
Capacity for Local Government Implementation of Public Policies: Analytical Model based on the theory of Political Management
Authors: Reis Guimarães Andrade Jefferson , Matos Ribeiro Elizabeth
Published: November 2022

Resumo
Plan de negocio de una cafetería saludable con endulzantes naturales
Authors:   , Herrera Lugo Nathaly Duglesy , Michelena Polo Maria Gracia , Rivera Colan Edgar Reynoso , Vargas Magariño Israela Adelaida
Published: November 2022

La idea del negocio se desarrolla de acuerdo con el consumo del café y el incremento de consumo de café en nuestro país en conjunto con el estilo de vida que se lleva actualmente; que es, el de realizar el consumo de bebidas o alimentos al paso, ya sea por un tema de inmediatez o por no contar con tiempo suficiente para detenerse a consumirlos dentro de un local o tienda. Adicional a ello se hará uso de productos 100% peruanos con la finalidad de impulsar a través de nuestro producto, el consumo de los mismo. De acuerdo con las evaluaciones del micro y macroentorno el negocio aparece dentro de un contexto post pandemia y en plena recuperación de los pequeños y medianos negocios que se vieron afectados. Una de las ventajas además es la tendencia del consumo saludable por parte del mercado, impulsada por la tendencia global de mejora en la calidad de vida. El estudio del mercado se dio a través de una evaluación cuantitativa, dado que la población de San Isidro es mayor de sesenta mil habitantes y existe una población flotante que concurre diariamente al distrito por trabajo o estudios que, se tomará un total de 137 personas que encuestar. Estas encuestas serán realizadas en puntos estratégicos hacia jóvenes y adultos entre 20 y 45 años que tengan hábitos alimenticios saludables, que cuiden de su salud y que residan o laboren en el distrito de San Isidro, además de contar con un alto poder adquisitivo y que se encuentren por ende dentro de los niveles socioeconómicos A y B...
Impacto de un aplicativo web para la venta de entradas del cine Maximil, 2022
Authors:   , Cassana Alcalde Kevin Antonio Mc
Published: November 2022

Este trabajo de investigación se enfoca en analizar el impacto de un aplicativo web para la venta de entradas del cine Maximil con el objetivo de mejorar el sistema de ventas de entradas que actualmente maneja esta empresa, utilizando una herramienta tecnológica y teniendo en cuenta la situación sanitaria actual (COVID-19) que está afectando nuestro país y el mundo. Según López (2017), en el mundo moderno actual donde el comercio electrónico o E-Commerce se encuentra presente en casi todos lados, nace la necesidad de renovar, actualizar o mejorar los modelos de negocios de las empresas, para poder estar al tanto de la tecnología y utilizarla a favor. Esta necesidad también aplica para los cines que anteriormente trabajaban con boletos impresos y no contaban con una presentación de cartelera adecuada para hacerle frente a los cambios del mundo moderno.
Nivel de conocimiento de las enfermedades raras en los estudiantes de Medicina Humana y médicos en Lima-Perú de diciembre del 2020 a julio del 2021
Authors:   , Burgos La Torre Sarah Andrea Desirée , Flores Zorrilla Andrea Violeta
Published: November 2022

Las enfermedades raras afectan hasta el 8% de los habitantes, y desafortunadamente existe poco conocimiento en los profesionales sanitarios, lo cual tiene un impacto económico, social y psicológico importante en los pacientes y las familias afectadas; que se desenlaza en un manejo inadecuado, consistentemente empírico y precario. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar el nivel de conocimiento de estudiantes de medicina de una universidad privada y médicos de Lima acerca de las enfermedades raras mediante una encuesta virtual, a través de un estudio transversal analítico. Se encuestó a 338 estudiantes de medicina y 382 médicos. Se demostró que más del 80% de los participantes habían oído hablar del término “enfermedad rara”, pero sólo un pequeño porcentaje afirmó haber recibido algún tipo de educación. El 46,6% de los médicos consideran que debería existir una asignatura en la malla curricular sobre estas patologías y más del 60% consideran que son un problema de salud pública. La mayoría de los encuestados priorizaron otorgar un presupuesto mayor para enfermedades comunes, también creen conveniente que se asigne un fondo específico para enfermedades raras. Más de la mitad de los participantes obtuvieron un nivel de conocimiento muy deficiente. Debido a que los estudiantes y médicos carecen de conocimientos sobre las enfermedades raras, es importante sensibilizar y mejorar su educación sobre estas patologías, ya que ello repercutirá en la atención brindada a estos pacientes.
Efecto gastroprotector del extracto metabólico de la cáscara de Solanum tuberosum en ratones
Authors:   , Gutierrez Ormeño Ana Claudia , Rivadeneira Benavides Ana Sophia
Published: November 2022

Se estima que el 10% de la población mundial sufrirá de úlcera gástrica a lo largo de su vida, siendo esta la causa principal de la hemorragia digestiva alta. Objetivo: Demostrar el efecto gastroprotector de la cáscara de papa, mediante su extracto etanólico, comparándolo con la acción del omeprazol. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio cuasi- experimental, en una población de ratones Mus Musculus machos adultos. Resultados: Se evaluaron 70 ratones Mus Músculos, divididos en 7 grupos. Como resultado se obtuvo que las 3 dosis de extracto redujeron significativamente la magnitud y el número de lesiones y la inflamación de la mucosa gástrica. Al compararlo con el omeprazol se vio una mejor actividad en los extractos. De estos 3 extractos, el que obtuvo mejores resultados fue el de 500 mg/kg dosis. Conclusiones: Se observa que el extracto tiene un efecto gastroprotector sobre la mucosa gástrica debido a la composición fitoquímica de la papa. Con esto podemos lograr un gran avance en la medicina tradicional.