bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Use and waste management of restorative materials in the Republic of Ireland
Authors: Callanan Aileen , Lynch Christopher D. , Harding Mairead , Burke Francis M. , Hayes Martina
Published: February 2023

##Aim

This study aimed to investigate the use and waste management of dental amalgam and mercury-free alternatives by general dental practitioners in Ireland.

##Methods

A cross-sectional survey-based study was adopted. A 53-question survey was piloted and distributed to dentists working in general dentistry in Ireland. Participants were recruited from the Dental Council of Ireland Dental Register.

##Results

A total of 285 dentists (12%) responded to the survey. The study found that resin composite was the most commonly placed restorative material by respondents (69%), followed by dental amalgam (20%). Compliance with waste management of dental amalgam was high, with 93% of respondents reporting having a waste management policy concerning the disposal of waste amalgam and 87% compliance with the fitting of amalgam separators.

##Conclusions

The study found that dentists in Ireland are compliant with the Minamata Convention on Mercury, and identified training and remuneration as two of the main barriers to implementing a total phase-out of dental amalgam.
Theory and Method of Ecological Value Accounting of Forest Resources
Authors: Zhu He , Liang Yan , Li Zhaoyang , Qiu Chuanbao
Published: February 2023

Forest resources, as one of the most important natural resources, have high ecological value. The calculation of their ecological value is an important part of improving the accounting of natural resources assets. Based on the analysis of the basic situation of China's forest resources, this paper starts from the economic theory of forest resources, discusses the principle of forest resources in national economic operation, analyzes the output, value, price and other issues of forest resources, and probes into the necessity of studying forest resources. Then, based on the purpose of compiling the balance sheet of natural resources, the forest resources accounting theory was studied from the aspects of subject and object, scope, table design and so on. On the basis of relevant theoretical research, the main ecological functions of different types of forest resources are discussed. In practical calculation, the parameters of some accounting methods are adjusted to adapt to the local situation. Some methods of ecological value calculation such as soil conservation and water conservation are put forward, and some ideas for further improvement are put forward. Finally, taking Qiandao Lake as an example, the ecological value of its forest resources is calculated. Through calculation, the annual soil conservation value of Qiandao Lake forest resources was obtained. Combined with the research conclusion and practice progress, the future research prospect is put forward.
The Impact of Automobile Purchase Restriction on Urban Air Quality: Experimental Evidence from Beijing, China
Authors: Cheng Fengyu , Liao Jianping , Soyano Kenichiro , Lu Feiling
Published: February 2023

It's critical for environmental governance to understand the effectiveness of policy interventions as well as their working mechanisms. This paper focuses on the vehicle license plate-based management, a sort of policy intervention understudied in environmental governance literature. Specifically, we study the automobile purchase restriction (APR), a major method of license management to address urban air pollution and traffic congestion recently launched by the authorities of China. However, limited studies have quantified the environmental impact of such purchase restriction. Based on the panel data of PM2.5 concentration in 330 cities in China during 1998-2016, this study aims to explore the causal impact of Beijing automobile purchase restriction on air quality, using the regression control method and high-dimensional data regression of machine learning. The average PM2.5 concentration did not decrease but increased because of the purchase restriction. Over time, the deterioration effect on urban air quality will not alleviate. Besides, the restriction cannot enhance urban air quality by decreasing the increase of PM2.5. Despite excluding the impact of driving restriction, the purchase restriction markedly aggravate urban air quality. This paper has some policy implications for policymakers on the impact of urban vehicle license management with caution. Hence, it is essential to promote urban economy, production, and lifestyle to attain the win-win goal of air pollution control and urban development.
Incidence of Spatio-Temporal Impact of Runoff in the Spontaneous Subdivision of the Kindele District Located in the Watershed Funa in Kinshasa
Authors:   PhD Student, University of Carthage, National Agronomic Institute of Tunisia, Tunisia, Joseph Lopanza Mpia Yoleke , Dorsay Attrayant Muse ,   Assistant, National Institute of Building and Public Works (DR Congo), Carine Yadoli kosanga ,   Researcher The Geographical Institute of Congo (DR congos)
Published: February 2023

The organization of space and its occupation requires preliminary studies including spatial analysis and physical arrangements The objective of this study is to highlight the characteristics of the watershed which are the detonator of the erosions in the Kindele district in the commune of Mount Ngafula in Kinshasa. To do this, IKONOS satellite and Google Earth images covering the study area from 2001 and 2015 were used to monitor and map the different areas using ArcGIS.10 software. The runoff coefficient calculations to highlight the water flow rates likely to cause water erosion considering a normal rain of 25mm for 30mn were carried out on Excel. The results obtained after the analyzes reveal that the 2001 situation has a runoff coefficient of 0.12 and a runoff rate of 14m3/S, while that of 2015 has a runoff coefficient of 7.18 and a runoff rate of 1222m3/S. The difference in flow is 1208m3 /s in 14 year intervals with slopes of a statistical average of 25% which greatly exceeds 6% as provided for in the town planning code.
Evaluation Of The Use Of Cyclophosphamide In Children Diagnosed With Steroid Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome Treated In The 3rd Floor Treatment At Fatmawati Hospital
Authors: Sinukaban Satriani , Setiadi Darmawan Bobby
Published: February 2023

A total of 32 children with nephrotic syndrome were treated with cyclophosphamide, the remissions and side effects that often occurred during therapy were counted. This research was conducted using a retrospective descriptive method. The results showed that the remission was 59.4%. The mean duration of the call to remission was 14 weeks and the mean dose of cyclophosphamide was 589 mg. As many as 59.4% of patients experienced no side effects, while 40.6% experienced side effects. Side effects that occurred included vomiting (3.1%); nausea (3.1%); hair loss (6.3%); nausea and vomiting (12.5%); vomiting and hair loss (6.3%); nausea and hair loss (6.3%); and nausea, vomiting, and hair loss (3.1%).

Keywords: Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome, Cyclophosphamide
Evaluasi Penggunaan Obat Kemoterapi Pada Pasien Kanker Payudara Di RSUP Fatmawati Periode Februari 2021
Authors: Haryani Setianti
Published: February 2023

Kanker Payudara adalah keganasan yang berasal dari sel kelenjar, saluran kelenjar dan jaringan penunjang payudara tidak termasuk kulit payudara (PerMenKes, 2018). Pengobatan kanker payudara dapat menggunakan obat kemoterapi tunggal maupun kombinasi dari beberapa obat kemoterapi. Obat kemoterapi diberikan secara bertahap, umumnya sebanyak 6 – 8 siklus agar efek kuratif tercapai dan efek samping yang diterima pasien dapat dikurangi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penggunaan obat kemoterapi pada pasien kanker payudara di RSUP Fatmawati periode Februari 2021. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian non eksperimental dengan rancangan deskriptif evaluatif yang bersifat retrospektif dari rekam medis pasien dan dianalisa secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain deskriptif dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif observation yaitu dengan mengumpulkan data-data rekam medis pasien kanker payudara, penelitian ini menggunakan purposive sampling dan didapat 34 pasien yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Penelitian menunjukkan hasil bahwa usia pasien kanker payudara terbanyak yang menjalankan kemoterapi di RSUP Fatmawati pada Februari 2021 adalah pasien dengan rentang usia 46-55 tahun sebanyak 18 pasien (52.94%), jenis regimen obat kemoterapi terbanyak yang digunakan adalah regimen CAF (Cyclophosphamide + Doxorubicin + 5 FU) sebanyak 8 pasien (23.53%), terapi dengan regimen CAF diberikan mulai usia pasien pada rentang dewasa akhir (36-45 tahun) sampai melewati lansia akhir (>65 tahun), terapi obat dengan regimen CAF sebagai standar lini pertama (first line) paling banyak digunakan dengan dosis sesuai Pedoman Nasional Pelayanan Kedokteran Tata Laksana Kanker Payudara dan deviasi antara 1-13%, regimen lainnya kombinasi Carboplatin dan Paclitaxel sebanyak 5 pasien (14,71%) dengan dosis dan deviasi berkisar antara 0-79% lebih rendah dari literatur.

Kata kunci: Kanker Payudara, Kemoterapi, Regimen Obat Kemoterapi, CAF, CEF
An Entrepreneur‘s Character from Professor Musa Asy'arie's Perspective
Authors: Hizbul Khootimah Azzaakiyyah
Published: February 2023

The unpredictable development of the times has made many people look for solutions in order to have a provision for the future through the role of entrepreneurs. However, not a few of them are still not stable in understanding what the real business goals are for, and what characteristics an entrepreneur must have in order not to take the wrong steps and directions. Thus, this study aims to present the ideal character that can be applied to an entrepreneur. This research includes literature research, because the research was conducted to find, analyze, make interpretations and generalizations from the facts of the thoughts and ideas written by Musa Asy'arie regarding the character of an entrepreneur. This research is descriptive qualitative with a secondary data analysis approach. The results of this study indicate that there are nine ideal characteristics of an entrepreneur. The conclusion from these various characteristics is that an entrepreneur is also a thinker by nature. The results of the thought process must better understand the essence and existence of an entrepreneur, be able to create creative solutions in problem solving and stand the test. That is, for an entrepreneur profit is not always the main orientation, because this is the result of the effect created. This effect must be based on the essence and existence of an entrepreneur as a goal of worship in their entrepreneurial dimension. This study can be used as a formal reference or reference in the academic realm in the field of entrepreneurship
Between Darwin and Dostoevsky: The Syntheses of Theodosius Dobzhansky
Authors: Howell Christopher
Published: February 2023

Theodosius Dobzhansky was one of the foremost evolutionary biologists of the twentieth century who spent a great deal of time pondering, studying, and writing about religion. A confessed Eastern Orthodox Christian, though one with an idiosyncratic take on the faith, Dobzhansky was interested in harmonising the different elements of his life—religious background, scientific knowledge, and political beliefs. Throughout his oeuvre, he made various attempts to do this, and his legacy therefore amounts to a great synthesis. His greatest scientific achievement is the fusion of genetics and natural selection, which constitutes the groundwork for modern evolutionary biology. He also worked to synthesise democratic politics with Christian ethics, and religion with science. Dobzhansky was worried that science could not provide a basis for morality, and believed that Dostoevsky definitively proved this. Accordingly, he undertook not only to make sense of his own life and beliefs, but to protect and secure science, religion, morality, and democracy as parts of a cohesive whole.
COMPENDIO SOBRE INFECCIONES DE TRANSMISIÓN SEXUAL
Authors: RUIZ POLETH , ECHEVERRIA DANIEL , TULCANAZA KAREN , ACOSTA JEANNETTE , CORTÉS MAYRA , GONZÁLEZ ANA , MUÑOZ TERESA , LLANO ELVIS , PAREDES JESSICA
Published: February 2023

Este material está dirigido sobre todo a jóvenes médicos o estudiantes en formación con ganas de recordar y adquirir conocimientos básicos sobre las Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual que serán aplicados durante su vida como Médicos Generales o en los primeros cuidados de salud. De manera clara y didáctica se abordan temas sobre el manejo de estas patologías consideradas de mayor relevancia y utilidad.
Изкуството на ХХI век като аксиологичен и когнитивен проблем на неразличимостта
Authors: Deleva Nikolina
Published: February 2023

This paper explores the paradoxical nature of contemporary art, which is a negation of all previous values, criteria and practices. It conceptualizes the problem of cognitive and aesthetic indistinguishability between art and non-art in 21st-century art practices. The result of the lack of criteria for judging and evaluation is the irrelevance of categories and differences. Aesthetic uncertainty is the new canon.
Музикалната тема в тенебризма
Authors: Popova Vyara
Published: February 2023

The text unfolds a fascinating narrative through four paintings: 1/ Adam de Coster, “Man Singing by Candlelight”, 2/ “Master of Candlelight”, before 1650, “Singing Boy” and 3/ “Master of Candlelight”, 1650, “Singing Boy”. Using candle-singing as a guiding principle, important pictorial concepts such as Caravaggism, “Flying Birds”, Bambochanti, Kiaroscuro and Tenebrism, are introduced and differentiated.
Модерното изкуство – двуликият Янус
Authors: Angelov Valentin
Published: February 2023

Russian Constructivists and “De Stijl” don’t make autonomic Art, but are looking for a universal principle for total reorganization of the human environment; in such way they hope to remove the chaos and ugliness. Beginning with enlarging the boundaries of Art, they are coming to the idea of Art without Aesthetics.
Physicochemical analysis, antioxidant activity and research of saponins in fresh and blanched caruru (Amaranthus deflexus Linn) and ora-pro-nóbis (Pereskia aculeata Miller) leaves
Authors: Reinert Gleice , Almeida Aline da Rosa , De Armas Rafael Dutra , Maciel Matheus Vinicius de Oliveira Brisola
Published: February 2023

Caruru and ora-pro-nóbis are unconventional food plants rich in proteins, essential amino acids, fibers, vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds but contain antinutritional factors. Blanching is one of the recommended methods to eliminate antinutrients, but it can change the chemical composition of foods. Therefore, the study’s objective was to evaluate the physicochemical characteristics (pH and acidity), the proximate composition, the bioactive compounds (total phenolic compounds and vitamin C), the antioxidant activity and the presence of saponins in fresh caruru and ora-pro-nóbis leaves and subjected to blanching. The analyzed samples showed significant content of moisture, ash, protein, fiber, total phenolic compounds, vitamin C and antioxidant activity. In caruru, blanching increased pH, total solids, proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates while decreasing moisture, antioxidant activity and saponins. In ora-pro-nóbis, this processing increased pH, fiber, and total phenolic compounds and decreased vitamin C and saponins.
Football as a means of integral development of intellectual abilities and physical fitness of middle school students
Authors: Pavlović Ratko , Siryi Oleksandr
Published: February 2023

The purpose of the study is to scientifically substantiate the positive influence of football on the physical and intellectual development of athletes.

Material and methods. When conducting experimental research, a student questionnaire was first conducted to identify the success of studies and the specific interests of students who play football, play other sports, and students who do not play sports at all. 82 fifth-grade students of schools No. 38, 49 took part in the survey. The formative experiment was conducted on the basis of Kindergarten No. 38, in the fifth grades. It was found that the largest percentage of the total number of students are those engaged in other sports (58.5%). A large number are students who do not play any sports (34.10% of the total number of students). The smallest percentage was found among students who play football (7.3% of the total number of students).

Results. It has been established that among the students who play football, there are absolutely no students who study at the first level of competence (in the final grades there are grades of 1-3 points on a 12-point scale), 33.3% are those whose academic success is level 2 competence (among the final grades there are grades of 4-6 points), and the largest percentage are students studying at the third level of competence (66.7%) (among the final grades there are no grades below 7 points). Among the students who are engaged in other sports, there are also absolutely no students who study at the first level of competence. Among students who do not play sports, the largest number of those who study are dissatisfied and satisfied. This shows that playing sports, both football and other sports, provide conditions for improving academic performance

Conclusions. The obtained data indicate that the practice of sectional work on football provides conditions for the combined physical, intellectual and artistic development of children, about the possibility of a comprehensive all-round influence on the process of child development through the use of effective means of comprehensive development of children.
Benefits of breastfeedinig for mother and child
Authors: Miolski Jelena
Published: February 2023

Breastfeeding is the best way to feed a child from the first six months until the end of the second year. The unbreakable bond during pregnancy between a mother and her child continues during the lactation process, providing numerous benefits for both the mother and the child. Due to the effects of many hormones after childbirth, lactation offers numerous advantages for the mother. Oxytocin causes reduction of the uterus and bleeding, absence of menstruation, faster return of body weight, lower risk of cancer of the reproductive organs, and prevents the occurrence of osteoporosis and the development of the metabolic syndrome. Breastfeeding certainly ensures a better emotional bond with the child. Specificity in the composition of human milk provides the newborn with short-term and long-term protective effects. Thanks to human oligosaccharides, immunoglobulins, and polyunsaturated fatty acids that influence the composition of the microbiome of the newborn's intestine, as well as the formation of its immune response, breastfed children suffer less from respiratory and digestive infections, food allergies, autoimmune diseases and have been proven to have a higher IQ. Breastfeeding is the best form of feeding for mother and child. The specificity of the composition of human milk ensures optimal growth and development of the child and a healthier life for its mother.
El papel del Tercer Sector: El voluntariado y las ONGS en las aulas hospitalarias en España
Authors: ASENSIO-RAMÓN PATRICIA
Published: February 2023

La Pedagogía Hospitalaria, sus aulas, y el personal voluntario que desarrolla sus acciones en los hospitales españoles está avanzando progresivamente, pero no tan rápido como debiera. El objetivo de este artículo ha sido presentar, de una manera muy sintética, la disciplina que envuelve el entorno educativo-sanitario donde vive el escolar enfermo; las aulas hospitalarias.  A su vez, se ha realizado un análisis comparativo entre dichas fundaciones, se ha pretendido comprobar si su objetivo es similar en todas las organizaciones objeto de estudio, o por el contrario, si existen discrepancias entre ellas. Finalmente, hemos querido constatar la importancia de dicho sector en el estado anímico de la persona enferma.

La metodología que se ha empleado se ha basado en un estudio cualitativo de las cinco Fundaciones objeto de estudio. Las  convergencias y divergencias obtenidas nos han llevado a plantear conclusiones comparativas con unos argumentos y propuestas concluyentes de mejora.
Políticas Educativas en la Región Nordeste de Brasil en tiempos de Pandemia: ¿oportunidad para Edu-business?
Authors: Leandro da Silva Luciana , Moreira Hypolito Álvaro , Nascimento Rodrigues Alan
Published: February 2023

El estudio busca comprender cómo políticas similares se han difundido y extendido a diferentes partes del mundo con la pandemia, siguiendo la lógica del Movimiento Global para la Reforma Educativa (GERM), un proceso que se expande en Brasil con fuertes acentos neoliberales y empresariales, articulados con intereses neoconservadores. Para ello, analizamos comparativamente las políticas educativas adoptadas en los nueve estados de la región Nordeste de Brasil en el contexto de la pandemia de Covid-19, buscando comprender los procesos de movilidad/transferencia de políticas, así como las influencias del sector privado sobre las decisiones que toman las instituciones y redes públicas. A través de la etnografía de redes, se mapeó las acciones de las Secretarías de Estado de Educación y sus principales “socios”. Se constató el papel del sector privado en la conducción de las políticas adoptadas por los estados, ofreciendo acciones de formación de directivos y docentes, la intensificación del control y seguimiento del trabajo docente, así como la preocupación por la reorganización curricular a través de la adecuación de los contenidos a las evaluaciones a la Base Nacional del Currículo Común. Así, el llamado edu-business ve en la pandemia una oportunidad para ampliar su influencia en la educación pública, por lo que la “nueva normalidad” tiende a reafirmar los viejos parámetros del mercado, al mismo tiempo que hay un crecimiento acelerado de las desigualdades.
Cuasimercados, rendición de cuentas e innovación: analizando el caso de las Escuelas Libres en Inglaterra desde la perspectiva de los docentes
Authors: Esper Tomas
Published: February 2023

Desde 2010, Inglaterra implementa una nueva reforma educativa bajo los principios del cuasi-mercado combinados con políticas de autonomía escolar y la rendición de cuentas. La reforma de las ‘Academies’ y ‘Free Schools’ produjo la transferencia a manos privadas de casi la mitad de las escuelas de Inglaterra (GOV.UK 2022), fomentando la competencia entre escuelas con la expectativa de que los proveedores privados generen innovación (Greany & Higham, 2018). Esta investigación de tipo exploratoria estudia tres ‘Free Schools’, un nuevo tipo de escuela del que se esperan innovaciones (DfE, 2010), analizando qué innovaciones se desarrollaron y cómo los docentes dan sentido y lidian con las demandas competencia, innovación y rendición de cuentas. Las innovaciones escolares son analizadas utilizando las categorías definidas por la OCDE (2014), mientras me apoyo en la literatura sobre implementación de políticas (Ball et al., 2012) para interpretar de las respuestas de los docentes sobre la innovación y la rendición de cuentas. Los datos incluyen documentos y sitios web de cada escuela, informes de inspección y entrevistas con doce docentes. Los resultados muestran la preponderancia de la innovación en las estrategias de marketing para atraer a los padres, pero son más limitaciones en cúanto al curriculum o las prácticas pedagógicas. Además, la autonomía de los docentes y las prácticas innovadoras están mediadas tanto por la cultura escolar como la posición de los directivos sobre las demandas de rendición de cuentas. De acuerdo con investigaciones previas sobre reformas cuasi-mercado, la rendición de cuentas con altas consecuencias actúa como una limitación central para la autonomía escolar y la innovación (Lubienski, 2009).
La Educación en la Sombra en España (2006-2021): de la Gran Recesión a la Postpandemia
Authors: Moreno Olmedilla Juan Manuel
Published: February 2023

El artículo usa los datos de la Encuesta de Presupuestos Familiares (EPF) que produce anualmente el Instituto Nacional de Estadística (INE). Esta encuesta permite analizar el gasto de los hogares en clases de enseñanza no reglada, excluyendo el gasto en otras actividades extraescolares que no se consideran parte de la Educación en la Sombra (EeS). Además, los datos de la EPF se cruzan con los de la Encuesta de Gasto de los Hogares en Educación (EGHE) de 2019, también del INE, que ofrece datos aún más desagregados y completos. El análisis se centra en la evolución del gasto en EeS desde 2006 hasta 2021, un período que contiene dos crisis económicas globales – la Gran Recesión y la Pandemia – con un impacto extraordinario sobre los hogares, sus recursos y prioridades de gasto. Sin embargo, el gasto en EeS se triplicó entre 2006 y 2017, doblándose además el número de hogares que gastaban. Sólo el confinamiento de 2020 y la crisis económica postpandemia parecen estar ralentizando el crecimiento del gasto en EeS. Se analizan después la tasa de participación de los estudiantes en la EeS, por quintiles de gasto, etapa escolar y tipo de centro, y el gasto por materias curriculares. El porcentaje de estudiantes que recibe clases particulares en España es considerable, 47 por ciento, con un suelo del 30 por ciento en los hogares de menos recursos y un techo superior al 60 por ciento en los de más. Tanto en Pública como en la Concertada, el gasto medio por alumno de los hogares más ricos triplica el de los hogares más pobres. A partir de estos datos, el artículo ofrece un modelo de análisis de los factores que aceleran la demanda de EeS, seguido de conclusiones sobre las implicaciones de política educativa, tanto de carácter global como específicas para España.
A formalization of Agree as a derivational operation
Authors: Milway Daniel
Published: February 2023

Using the framework based on set-theory, I develop a formal definition of Agree as a syntactic operation. I begin by constructing a formal definition of a version of long-distance Agree in which a structurally higher element values a feature on a structurally lower element, and modify that definition to reflect various versions of Agree that have been proposed in the “minimalist” literature. I then discuss the theoretical implications of these formal definitions, arguing that Agree requires a new conception of the lexicon, and unjustifiably violates NTC in all its non-vacuous forms.
Why is Russian Domestic War Propaganda so Effective?
Authors: Dergacheva Alexandra Cheveleva
Published: February 2023

This article provides a review of possible causes of the effectiveness of the Russian domestic propaganda campaigns launched in connection with the war in Ukraine and aimed at the domestic consumer, as well as their discussion in academic research and analytical publications. Currently, this phenomenon is much discussed in the oppositional Russian-speaking, Ukrainian, and world media. Nevertheless, the number of short journalistic pieces devoted to specific aspects of this effectiveness significantly prevails over detailed analytical articles or holistic academic studies. The present research aims to partially fill this gap.
The article defines the main groups of reasons for the effectiveness of Russian domestic propaganda, identified both in modern studies and in earlier works, and also traces the relationship between these groups. It discusses the organizational and technical prerequisites (the possibility of total control of the media, including access to information via the Internet), cultural issues (the unique situation in Russia, which has developed as a result of its transgenerational traumas), and "political technology" (political manipulation and persuasion) methods.
In conclusion, the author makes some suggestions (and assumptions) about further possibilities for studying the phenomenon of Russian domestic propaganda and discusses its social significance.
Aesthetic Appreciation of Chinese Gardens: Between Art and Nature
Authors: Feng Peng
Published: February 2023

Gardens include not only art but also nature. According to different relationships between art and nature, this article clarifies five types of gardens: the French-style gardens, the English-style gardens, topiary gardens, Japanese gardens, and Chinese gardens. Based on this clarification, this article argues that Chinese gardens follow the lead of the essential qualities of art instead of the essential qualities of nature. With “borrowing” and “following”, the natural elements in Chinese gardens extend to the field of art. The boundaries between art and nature are erased. The aesthetic appreciation of Chinese gardens challenges the “positive aesthetics”, which is prevalent in contemporary environmental aesthetics, and endorses a “negative aesthetics”, which we can find its supports in traditional Chinese philosophy.
From Reading to Dressing: Portraiture of a Qing Empress in Gender and Cross-Cultural Perspective
Authors: Lihui Dong
Published: February 2023

This paper argues that the abundance in quantity and innovation of the painted and photographic portraits commissioned by Empress Dowager Cixi between the latter years of the 19th and early years of the 20th centuries, exceeded that of any other late Qing emperor or royal consort, and it is the diversity of gender references presented among them that is particularly distinctive. Through separating such a practice of ritualised “gender performance” into three stages, from 1) the ‘masculinised’ pose of “reading” appearing frequently in works of an earlier period, through 2) the gender-neutral divine imagery of dressing as a bodhisattva, to 3) the late-period feminised image of “dressing in front of the mirror”, the purpose of this paper is to explore how gender is shown in a late Qing empress’ portraiture, which is subject to multifarious changes dependent on different domestic and international political demands. The conclusion is that 1) on the international stage as set in the early years of the 20th century, the image of a late Qing empress dowager participated in the broader shaping of China’s national image as something weak, feminine and disempowered, and 2) the essential incompatibility of Chinese and Western visual cultures was a major factor in the failures of the projection of the image of late Qing China overseas.
The Formation and Development of the International Legal Protection of Cultural Property
Authors: Anisimov Igor O. , Gulyaeva Elena E.
Published: February 2023

The article considers the formation and evolution of the international legal protection of cultural property from ancient times to the present. The purpose of the article is to identify the prerequisites and features of each historical period in the development of international law in the context of the international legal protection of cultural property, as well as to systematize the relevant international legal acts. The authors provide their own periodization of the development of international legal protection of cultural property. It is concluded that the initial stage of codification of the international legal protection of cultural property is directly related to the development of the rules and customs of warfare.
Scaling up Nordic impact through public procurement - A review of literature
Authors:   Nordregio, Jungsberg Leneisja , Salonen Hilma , Rohrer Lisa
Published: February 2023

In 2019, it was estimated that, of 5,000 Nordic start-ups, 10% included solutions that addressed the 17 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, many of them struggled to make a profit, especially at the early stages and mostly due to a lack of access to the market and to the right supporters. This publiction consists of two sections: The first part addresses barriers to public procurement, enablers for social innovation, and institutional support measures; In part two, we evaluate how Nordic municipalities use alternative financial models such as social impact bonds (SIBs) and public-private partnerships to achieve social impact.
Instead of the Electoral Code of the Russian Federation
Authors: Kudryashov Evgenii Olegovich
Published: February 2023

The subject of the study is the legal norms regulating public relations regarding the functioning of institutions of direct democracy in the Russian Federation, as well as drafts of the electoral Code of the Russian Federation and the opinions of scientists on the need to develop and adopt a federal electoral code, as well as the definition of the codification of law as such. The author comes to the conclusion that the previously proposed draft codes are not inherently codification products, since they basically reproduce the norms of existing legislation instead of radically changing it. At the same time, similar problems exist not only with regard to the right to vote, but also in the legal regulation of other institutions of direct democracy.As a result of the conducted research, the author comes to the conclusion that in order to realize the democratic nature of the Russian state, increase the efficiency of the functioning of direct democracy institutions, reduce their dependence on the discretion of public authorities, increase the guarantees of citizens for access to them, it is possible and necessary to develop, widely discuss and adopt the Code of Democracy of the Russian Federation. In the work, the author sets out the original concept of the code, in particular, justifies its name, the form of the federal constitutional law, and also describes the proposed structure of the code, which should include general provisions, sections on subjects of direct democracy, on the functioning of individual democratic institutions, as well as a section on the infrastructure of democracy.
How to detect propaganda from social media? Exploitation of semantic and fine-tuned language models
Authors: Malik Muhammad Shahid Iqbal , Imran Tahir , Mona Mamdouh Jamjoom
Published: February 2023

Online propaganda is a mechanism to influence the opinions of social media users. It is a growing menace to public health, democratic institutions, and public society. The present study proposes a propaganda detection framework as a binary classification model based on a news repository. Several feature models are explored to develop a robust model such as part-of-speech, LIWC, word uni-gram, Embeddings from Language Models (ELMo), FastText, word2vec, latent semantic analysis (LSA), and char tri-gram feature models. Moreover, fine-tuning of the BERT is also performed. Three oversampling methods are investigated to handle the imbalance status of the Qprop dataset. SMOTE Edited Nearest Neighbors (ENN) presented the best results. The fine-tuning of BERT revealed that the BERT-320 sequence length is the best model. As a standalone model, the char tri-gram presented superior performance as compared to other features. The robust performance is observed against the combination of char tri-gram + BERT and char tri-gram + word2vec and they outperformed the two state-of-the-art baselines. In contrast to prior approaches, the addition of feature selection further improves the performance and achieved more than 97.60% recall, f1-score, and AUC on the dev and test part of the dataset. The findings of the present study can be used to organize news articles for various public news websites.
Population biology of Ellochelon vaigiensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam
Authors: Dinh Quang Minh , Nguyen Ton Huu Duc , Truong Ngon Trong , Nguyen Tien Thi Kieu
Published: February 2023

Ellochelon vaigiensis is widely distributed and plays a vital role in the fisheries in the Mekong Delta (MD), but data on its population biological traits have not been known. Consequently, this study was conducted to provide data on its population biology used for fishing status assessment and fish resources management. Fish specimens were collected using trawl nets in two regions of the Hau River mouth, including northern in Ben Tre and Tra Vinh (BTTV) and southern in Soc Trang and Bac Lieu (STBL). Fish population biological parameters were estimated using FiSAT II software based on the fish length-frequency data. The male and female length-frequency data in each ecoregion were pooled together. Data analysis of 1,383 individual fish showed the sex ratio of the species was 1.00:1.30 at BTTV (309 females and 402 males) and 1.00:1.25 STBL (299 females and 373 males). Most fish specimens were caught at 12–22 cm total length (914 individuals), accounting for 66.09% of the fish collection. The difference in salinity between these two regions could affect the population biological parameters of E. vaigiensis. There were five cohorts (e.g., five growth curves) in the BTTV and STBL. The von Bertalanffy curves of fish populations at BTTV and STBL were L = 33.6 (1 −e−0.46(t + 0.34)) L = 31.5 (1 −e−0.56(t + 0.29)), respectively. The growth index (Φ′) of this species at STBL (2.74) was higher than that at BTTV (2.72), whereas its longevity at BTTV (6.52 yrs) was higher than at STBL (5.36 yrs). The biomass and relative yield parameters, including E0.1, E0.5 and Emax were 0.358, 0.265 and 0.436 at BTTV; and 0.418, 0.293, and 0.513 at STBL, respectively. The fishing (F), natural (M), and total (Z) mortalities were 0.35/yr, 1.06/yr, and 1.41/yr at BTTV; and 0.55/yr, 1.24/yr, and 1.78/yr at STBL, respectively. The BTTV and STBL population was not overexploited because the exploitation rate (EBTTV = 0.25, ESTBL = 0.31) was lower than E0.1 (0.358 in BTTV and 0.418 in STBL).
solated Pneumopericardium in a Neonate: A Case Report
Authors: Kumar Rakesh , Wasim Sanober , Gupta Girish , Singh Suraj , Jatana Radhika
Published: February 2023

Pneumopericardium (PPC) is a rare but life-threatening condition that mostly accompanies air leak syndromes in neonates receiving positive pressure ventilation. PPC results from the rupture of the alveoli and subsequent dissection of air through the tissue planes into the mediastinum, pleura, or pericardial sac. This report describes the case of a term low birth weight neonate born in a peripheral hospital who developed respiratory distress soon after birth. She was transported with manual bag and tube ventilation, and was found to have air leak syndrome in the form of isolated PPC. The neonate was managed conservatively with spontaneous resolution of the PPC.
Is Helicobacter Pylori Infection Associated with Insulin Resistance? A Tertiary Care Centre Experience at Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
Authors: Senthilnathan Meenakshisundaram , Ganapathy Shivashekar , Ramamurthy Bhuvanamha Devi
Published: February 2023

Introduction: H.pylori is the most common infection leading to gastrointestinal and extra-gastrointestinal lesions. Few studies had studied about H.pylori’s effect on glucose metabolism and insulin resistance and found that H.pylori is associated with increase in mean Glycated Haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and insulin resistance. But few studies have found no association between H.pylori and glucose metabolism. Aim: To determine the relationship between H.pylori infection and glucose metabolism profiles in dyspeptic patients, based on the histopathological examination. Materials and Methods: This prospective case-control study was carried out in the Department of Pathology at SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre from April 2021 to September 2021 on 70 dyspeptic patients. They were split into two groups: H.pylori positive (Group-I, n=35) and H.pylori negative (Group-II, n=35) groups. The age and gender of Group-I were matched with Group-II. Endoscopic gastric biopsy was taken and tissue sections were stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), and Immunohistochemical (IHC) stain using H.pylori (Clone: EP279) rabbit monoclonal antibody. Blood samples were collected to test Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) and insulin. Insulin resistance was calculated using Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMAIR). Histomorphological changes and H.pylori colonisation were graded according to Updated Sydney System and correlated with HOMA-IR levels. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 22.0. Results: There was no significant variation between H.pylori positive and negative groups in demographic variables such as age (p-value=0.45) and gender (p-value=0.23). Body Mass Index (BMI) and H.pylori infection showed statistically significant association (p-value=0.04). Increase in mean values of FBG, insulin and HOMA-IR were statistically associated with H.pylori positive (p-value<0.05). Degree of H.pylori bacterial density (rs =0.2992), chronic inflammation (rs =0.3193), activity (rs =0.4576) and atrophy (rs =0.2542) were positively correlated with HOMA-IR. Conclusion: This study showed that chronic active gastritis with atrophic related changes and H.pylori colonisation were significantly correlated with HOMA-IR. Patients with H.pylori induced gastritis should be followed with regular monitoring of HOMA-IR; as early diagnosis and eradication of H.pylori might reduce the risk of insulin resistance and glucose metabolism dysregulation.
Factors Influencing Knee Flexion Range of Movement after Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty : Study of a Consecutive Series over Ten Years
Authors: Atemkeng Tsatedem Faustin , Saidou Mohamadou Arabo , Jean Gustave Tsiagadigui , Maurice Douryang , C. Alain Djam , Marc Leroy Guifo , Handy Eone , Ibrahima Farikou , Pierre Watcho
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Knee flexion after total arthroplasty is not always satisfactory. Our hypothesis: many factors can influence it. Some of these factors have been studied, but with controversial results.

Methodology: It was a monocentric prospective and comparative study. All primary total knee replacement were included. For each factor, we compared a group of patients with above mean flexion to those with smaller flexion, using comparison of means, regression analysis and the chi square test.

Results: We had 110 arthroplasties from 88 patients. Three preoperative factors affected the outcome: pre-operative knee flexion < 110°, flexum deformity > 5° and a body mass index above 30kg/m2. The respective Pearson coefficient value for these three factors were +0.50, +0.05, and -0.13.The chi square values were respectively 12.019 (p<0.001) and 6.091 (p<0.02) for the first two ones. Mean postoperative flexion values were significantly low for the patients with high body mass index (p<0.03) and for those with knee flexion < 110° (p<0,001).

Conclusion: Such studies should be carried out in other settings to prepare later meta-analysis. The effect of early physiotherapy in knee arthritis treatment in preventing knee stiffness at the time of total knee replacement should be evaluated.
Impact of Climate Change on Groundnut Yield and Its Variability in Andhra Pradesh, India
Authors: Neelima A. Sandhya , Ravi Kumar K. Nirmal
Published: February 2023

This study investigated the impact of climate change variables viz., rainfall, maximum and minimum temperatures on mean groundnut yields and its variability during both Kharif and Rabi seasons across different agro-climatic zones in Andhra Pradesh through employing Just and Pope production function. For this study, groundnut was purposefully chosen because it is one of the main oilseed crops grown in Andhra Pradesh during both the Kharif and Rabi seasons. The results from Just and Pope quadratic and Cobb-Douglas models (2005-2019) revealed that rainfall and minimum temperature are yield increasing factors and yield risk shrinking factors, whereas maximum temperature is yield reducing and risk enhancing factor during Kharif season. It was found that in Rabi season all the climatic variables were yield increasing and risk shrinking factors. Time trend was positive and significant in influencing both mean yield and yield variability during both the seasons. These findings suggested that the farmers should improve their access towards agro-meteorological information, cultivate climate resilient groundnut varieties, capacity building to withstand diverse impacts of climate change events at field level etc., towards sustainable groundnut production in Andhra Pradesh.
A Study on Knowledge Level of Farmers Regarding Paddy Straw Management in Punjab, India
Authors: Saini Alka , Sharma Priyanka , Iqbal Tariq
Published: February 2023

Punjab is the state that contributes the most food grains to the central pool and is mostly an agricultural state. Small and marginal farmers are the backbone of Indian agriculture. Majority of the holdings are medium and number of such holdings are increasing with fragmentation of land. So, the present study was conducted with the objective of studying the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents. Data were collected from Pathankot and Gurdaspur district of Punjab. Two blocks was selected from each district and from total four blocks 25 respondents were selected randomly to make sample size of 100 respondents. It was found that vast proportion of respondents belonged to old age category. Youth is moving abroad and showing less interest in agriculture sector. Significant percentage of respondents (49 percent) were found to have attained schooling up to matric level and most of the respondents belong to nuclear family. It was found that though having good farming experience and education level, farmers of the state were not sticking to the recommended practices and resource use levels. The information of operational landholding of the respondents was classified into Small, Semi- medium, Medium and Large categories and mostly respondents have medium landholding i.e. 4-10 acre of land. The findings also revealed that respondents who attended more training and had more extension contacts have high knowledge level regarding paddy straw management.
Factors Influencing Youth Participation in Leadership in Secondary Schools in Iringa Municipality, Tanzania
Authors: Zacharia Mamuya Maryline , Obino Mokaya Samuel
Published: February 2023

Youth participation in leadership activities is a continuous discussion to emphasize in our Tanzanian community. There are limited research findings on factors contributing to youth participation in leadership in secondary schools. This results in a lack of confidence, communication skills, leadership skills, team working, and social participation among the students. Therefore, the study examined the factors influencing youth participation in leadership in secondary schools in Iringa Municipality. The study researcher adopted an explanatory research design to conduct the study. The covered a sample of 300 respondents drawn from a target population of 1400 students of secondary schools in Iringa Municipality. Data analysis was done by use of descriptive and inferential statistics; frequencies, percentages, correlation, and multiple regression. The study revealed that; social influence, social media, and civic education have a positive but weak relationship with youth participation in leadership in secondary schools in Iringa Municipality. This is because the correlation coefficients (r) on the relationship between social influence, social media and civic education with youth leadership participation were 0.159, 0.139, and 0.099 respectively which shows positive significance but weak. This is because in estimating the required relationship the results yielded p values greater than 0.05 which justify insignificant contributions. The practical implication is that these constructs should be improved in their application in order to provide a significant contribution to youth leadership in Iringa Municipality. Based on these results, the researcher recommends advanced policies and division of resources to address youth marginalization in the distribution of opportunities for leadership participation. The resources to be addressed should cover both financial and non-financial resources. The study also recommends that schools should encourage leadership skills, mentoring, and trainings across all activities and programming to advance youth’s self-confidence, agency, and voice to advocate for their issues and engage in civic discussions.