bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Determinantes da intensidade tecnológica das exportações estaduais no período de ascensão do preço das commodities
Authors: TEIXEIRA FELIPE ORSOLIN , CORONEL DANIEL ARRUDA , OREIRO JOSÉ LUIS DA COSTA
Published: February 2021

RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o comportamento e os determinantes das exportações dos estados brasileiros, por níveis de intensidade tecnológica, para o período de ascensão nos preços das commodities. Os resultados mostraram que setores de maior tecnologia perderam representatividade nas exportações e que a taxa real de câmbio pode facilitar o acesso de setores estratégicos no mercado internacional.
The Rehn-Meidner Plan and the Swedish development model in the Golden Years
Authors: QUINTAS FELIPE MARUF , IANONI MARCUS
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT In general, the literature on the developmental state studies Asia and Latin America, not Scandinavia. This article examines the developmental character of the state in Sweden, distinguishing it as a specific case, because its institutions and policies combine the simultaneous promotion of industrialization and social equity. The paper analyzes the Swedish model of development, centered in Rehn-Meidner Plan (R-M), a political strategy of the national development headed by the Swedish Social Democratic Party (SAP). It is argued that in Sweden industrialization and the construction of the welfare state were two sides of the same coin. The R-M Plan played a key role in consolidating the Swedish model between 1945 and 1975. It combined and articulated economic development, centered on industrialization, reduction of social inequalities, and fiscal and monetary stability. It increased productive complexity and equality, unified economic policy and social policy, planned industrialization and income redistribution. It was structured through a broad power pact among workers, industry, farmers, political representatives elected by SAP and public bureaucracy. It was institutionalized, above all, by the democratic corporatist arrangement of centralized salary negotiations.
Measuring the fiscal governance instruments: a synthetic index for EU countries
Authors: FRANEK SLAWOMIR , POSTULA MARTA
Published: February 2021

ABSTRACT The aim of the paper is to examine the collective effect of fiscal governance instruments (i.e., fiscal rules, medium-term budgetary frameworks, independent fiscal institutions) on the fiscal outcomes of EU member states. The results of panel data model estimation for 28 EU countries for the period 2004-2016 confirm a statistically significant and positive impact of synthentic index for those instruments on the general government balance to GDP ratio. Additionally, an adjustment of the synthetic index was proposed, taking into account the degree of autonomy of independent fiscal institutions, and the link between medium-term budgetary frameworks and the annual budget.
Impacto do efeito calendário na morbimortalidade por causas externas em municípios turísticos no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil, no período de 2004 a 2014
Authors: Silva Paula Correia da , Camacho Luiz Antonio Bastos , Carmo Cleber Nascimento do
Published: February 2021

O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar a associação de variações temporais dos agravos e das mortes por causas externas com períodos de maior fluxo de visitantes em municípios turísticos do litoral de São Paulo, Brasil, no período de 2004 a 2014. Trata-se de um estudo ecológico, de séries temporais diárias e mensais, baseado nos dados do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade (SIM) e Sistema de Informações Hospitalares do Sistema Único de Saúde (SIH/SUS) no período de 1º de janeiro de 2004 a 31 de dezembro de 2014, tendo como unidades de análise os quatro municípios do litoral norte do Estado de São Paulo. Modelos de regressão binomial negativa foram ajustados para o desfecho que representou o número de ocorrências de internações hospitalares e/ou óbitos por causas externas, tendo como preditores as variáveis de calendário (dias da semana, feriados, mês e ano de ocorrência). Os feriados de Ano Novo, Carnaval, Tiradentes e Proclamação da República destacaram-se com médias iguais ou superiores a 5 desfechos por dia. Dentre os dias da semana, a segunda-feira e o domingo apresentaram as maiores médias. Levando em consideração todos os preditores, verifica-se maior tendência de ocorrência dos desfechos na segunda-feira (OR = 1,11; IC95%: 1,05-1,18), nos feriados de Ano Novo (OR = 1,44; IC95%: 1,19-1,74) e Proclamação da República (OR = 1,49; IC95%: 1,13-1,94) e nos meses de janeiro (OR = 1,11; IC95%: 1,02-1,20) e fevereiro (OR = 1,13; IC95%: 1,04-1,23). A morbidade e a mortalidade por causas externas nos municípios estudados foram maiores no período de maior movimentação de turistas, subsidiando a estruturação do atendimento destas lesões e as ações de prevenção e de promoção de saúde direcionadas para este grupo de causas.
Tensiones epistemológicas en la implementación de la Educación Intercultural Bilingüe *
Authors: Arias-Ortega Katerin , Quintriqueo Segundo
Published: February 2021

Resumen El artículo busca indagar las tensiones epistemológicas existentes entre el profesor mentor y el educador tradicional (sabio mapuche), en la implementación de la Educación Intercultural Bilingüe (EIB) en tres escuelas de La Araucanía, Chile. La metodología utilizada es la investigación cualitativa, a través de la aplicación de entrevistas semi-dirigidas a profesores mentores y educadores tradicionales encargados de implementar la EIB. Los principales resultados dan cuenta de que existe una relación educativa de carácter colonial del profesor mentor hacia el educador tradicional, lo que limita la implementación de la EIB. Estas tensiones están asociados a prácticas de minorización, asimetría y hegemonía del conocimiento escolar de raíz eurocéntrico occidental sobre la Enseñanza de la lengua y la cultura mapuche.
Centrifuge modelling of the use of discretely spaced energy pile row to reinforce unsaturated silt
Authors: Vitali Davide , Leung Anthony K. , Feng Song , Knappett Jonathan A. , Ma Li
Published: February 2021

Discretely spaced reinforced concrete (RC) energy pile rows have been proposed to be installed at the mid-height of soil slopes. Although the pile row can provide mechanical reinforcement to slopes, the piles can also potentially be used to (a) intercept solar energy from roadways for heat storage in the ground to mitigate extremely high carriageway temperatures and (b) to extract shallow geothermal energy for road surface de-icing. In this study, a series of centrifuge model tests was conducted to evaluate the shearing behaviour of unsaturated silt with and without reinforcement by conventional piles and energy piles. Three-dimensional finite-element coupled water–vapour–heat transport analysis was also performed to understand further the effects of pile heating on the responses of temperature and pore-water pressure of the soil. The measured and computed results revealed that the primary effect of pile heating was an increase in soil hydraulic conductivity due to the heat-induced reduction in water viscosity. The heated soil had enhanced water flow and hence developed higher suction. When subjected to translational slip, the silt reinforced by a row of closely spaced RC energy piles exhibited a more ductile shearing response and a lower peak shear resistance, compared to that reinforced by conventional piles. The peak bending moments mobilised in the energy piles in the stable stratum were also smaller. At larger shear displacements, however, the shear resistance converged to a similar value, regardless of the suction and temperature. These findings suggest that piles modified with additional energy transfer functionality can continue to act as reinforcement, potentially preventing soil from a sudden brittle failure, without attracting additional flexural stresses onto the piles.
Non-dimensional solutions for the stabilising piles in landslides in layered cohesive soils considering non-linear soil–pile interactions
Authors: Lei Guoping , Su Dong , Cabrera Miguel Angel
Published: February 2021

The pile response is of great importance to the effectiveness of a row of piles used as a landslide mitigation method. However, the current classifications of the pile responses and failure modes do not consider the effects of soil displacement and the relative pile rigidity. An attempt is made in this paper to improve this using a non-dimensional model based on simplified ground consisted of two layers of cohesive soils. A hyperbolic p–y model is adopted to consider non-linear soil reactions. The calculations of three case histories show that the proposed model predicts the pile responses well. The dependencies for obtaining a pile response with maximum pile resistance have been identified and the influencing factors have been examined. The efficacy of the proposed approach has been demonstrated by the satisfactory result that it achieves in reproducing the more complex three-dimensional finite-element analyses. The application of the non-dimensional solutions indicates that it can increase the efficiency of the preliminary pile design.
Смертность пешеходов в России: устойчивое снижение в течение 25 лет?
Authors: Пьянкова Анастасия Ивановна , Фаттахов Тимур Асфанович
Published: February 2021

В исследовании с использованием широкого круга источников данных (HCoD, IRTAD, UNECE statistical database, данные МВД) показано, что существенное превышение смертности пешеходов над смертностью водителей и пассажиров по данным Российской базы данных по рождаемости и смертности (РосБРиС) в России в 1988-1999 гг. – аномальное явление. Поэтому для оценки уровня смертности по категориям участников дорожного движения правомернее доверять данным МВД. В соответствии с ними в России смертность пешеходов никогда не превышала смертность водителей и пассажиров, и ее устойчивое снижение началось с 2003, а не с 1993 г. В 2008 г. смертность пешеходов впервые опустилась ниже минимальных значений советского периода, тогда как смертность водителей и пассажиров после взлётов и падений достигла уровня начала 1970-х годов только в 2015-2017 гг.

Использование данных государственной статистики смертности можно рекомендовать при рассмотрении дифференциальной дорожно-транспортной смертности: по полу, возрасту и типу местности (город/село). В то же время оценивать различия в смертности в разрезе категорий участников дорожного движения на ее основе следует с осторожностью. При проведении ретроспективных исследований предпочтительно опираться на следующие базы данных: The Human Cause-of-Death Database (HCoD) c 1988 г., РосБРиС с 1970 по 1988 г. и после 1999 г.

Имеются основания предполагать, что сложности в анализе долгосрочных тенденций смертности по категориям участников дорожного движения на основе государственной статистики смертности могут возникать во всех постсоветских странах, где использовалась советская краткая номенклатура причин смерти. Помимо этого показано, что при анализе дорожно-транспортной смертности по категориям участников на основе агрегированных рубрик кратких листов причин смерти важно учитывать степень распространенности кода V89 «Несчастный случай, связанный с моторным или немоторным транспортным средством неуточненного вида».
The neuroprotective effect of Coconut Oil in mice with Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: ÇANKAYA Şeyda , GÜNAL Mehmet Yalçın , BEKER Mustafa Çağlar , ÇAĞLAYAN Ahmet Burak , ÖZDEMİR Ekrem Musa , SAATCİ Özlem , ÇANKAYA Barış , YULUĞ Burak
Published: February 2021

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the possible neuroprotective effect of coconut oil in mice with traumatic brain injury.
Materials and Methods: Mice were randomly divided into two groups (n=5 per group); namely, the control and coconut oil groups, which were administered 250 µl saline and 10 mg/kg body weight per os coconut oil along a week, respectively, before cold brain injury. Infarction and edema volume in the brain was measured with cresyl violet in two groups on the eighth day, 24 hours after injury.
Results: Our data indicated a statistically significant decrease in the infarct and oedema volumes after coconut oil application.
Conclusion: Our findings have supported that coconut oil has a potential neuroprotective effect on damaged neurons after traumatic brain injury in mice.
PECULIARITIES OF PRACTICAL TRAINING OF BIOLOGY TEACHERS IN D. SERGIENKO'S PEDAGOGICAL HERITAGE
Authors: Postoiuk N.
Published: February 2021

D. Sergienko's ideas concerning the practical training of biology teachers have been analyzed. The main objectives and requirements to the teacher of biology at school have been highlighted. The peculiarities of organization of observation, experiment, laboratory and practical works have been revealed. The conditions of formation of students' abilities and skills of research character, as well as factors, which promote the development of interest in research work, have been determined. This scientific research has revealed that D. Sergienko considered the practical training of biology teachers as a very important thing because effective teaching of biology could help to improve the state of agriculture in the country, also this educational subject cultivates love for nature, expands knowledge about plant and animal life, promotes the choice of profession in the agro-industrial sector. D. Sergienko was sure that the biology teachers have a huge responsibility, because they have to raise the awareness of children in creative work in rural society. This goal can be realized if you have such personal qualities as the teacher's love for this subject, pedagogical skills, the ability to supervise and teach the children, the ability to work with the public and, especially, with children's parents.
THE ABSORPTION PROPERTIES OF GOLD NANO CONJUGATED WITH PROTEINS
Authors: Luong Thi Theu , Le Anh Thi , Tran Quang Huy , Nguyen Quang Hoc , Nguyen Minh Hoa
Published: February 2021

The absorption properties of protein-conjugated metallic nanoparticles are theoretically investigated based on the Mie theory and the core-shell model. Our numerical calculations show that this finding is in good agreement with previous experiments. We provide a better interpretation of the origin of optical peaks in the absorption spectrum of the nanoparticle complex system. Our results can be used in biomedical applications.
SYNTHESIS OF SOME PROPARGYLAMINES VIA A3 COUPLING REACTION
Authors: Hoang Thi Thanh , Tran Thi Thu Trang , Duong Quoc Hoan
Published: February 2021

Condition for synthesis of propargylamines has been found in highly efficient as a one-pot multi-component protocol. Copper(I) iodide (30% mol) under solvent free condition gave propargylamine in good yields. Structures of propargylamines were elucidated with NMR, MS methods.
CHANGES IN PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS DURING THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF BANANA FRUIT (Musa paradisiaca L.) GROWN IN VINH PHUC PROVINCE
Authors: Le Van Trong , Nguyen Nhu Khanh
Published: February 2021

The banana fruit reached its maximum size in terms of length and diameter at 18 weeks of age. The content of chlorophyll a in banana peel reached the highest value at 14 weeks old, chlorophyll b content reached the highest value at 12 weeks old and decreased rapidly. The content of carotenoid was low from fruit formation and then increased rapidly until the fruit is fully ripening. The vitamin C content and total organic acid content reached a maximum at 16 weeks old and then decreased until the fruit is fully ripened, the reducing sugar content increased continuously and reached a maximum at 18 weeks old and then decreased slightly. The starch content and pectin content reached a maximum when the fruit was 14 weeks old and then gradually decreased. The tannin content decreased from fruit formation until fruit ripening. Through the research process, we found that banana achieves the best quality to harvest when fruits are 18 weeks old. The results of this study provide important data for the harvesting and storage of banana fruit.
FIRST DATA OF GOBY FISH IN TIEN HAI WETLAND NATURE RESERVE, THAI BINH PROVINCE
Authors: Tran Duc Hau , Le Nguyen Hoai Thuong , Nguyen Thi Nga
Published: February 2021

Gobiiformes is the second diverse order of fish, with more than 2000 species in the world, and 99 species in Vietnam. Many of them are commercially economic important. To understand goby fish diversity in a mangrove forest, three surveys were conducted in March, July, and August 2019 from Tien Hai Wetland Nature Reserve, Thai Binh Province. Based on morphology, a total of 25 species in 3 families of goby fish were determined in the study area. Of which, one is an endangered species (Bostrychus sinensis) as the CR category, and a number of new records were found, including one species for Vietnam (Wuhanlinigobius polylepsis), 5 species for northern Vietnam, and 9 species for the study area. Regarding the distribution pattern, the fauna from the study area shared much with those from others where mangroves and estuaries present, implying the importance of these ecosystems for goby fish. Furthermore, the maximum number of these shared goby species is 16, showing a diverse and unique characteristic of this fauna. These findings will be important information for further fish diversity conservation and fisheries exploitation in the study area.
ANALYSIS OF OSTEOPOROSIS-LIKE PHENOTYPE OF THE RANKL: HSE:CFP HOMOZYGOUS TRANSGENIC MEDAKA FISH LINE C1C6 MODEL FOR OSTEOPOROSIS
Authors: Ha Thi Minh Tam , Pham Tuan Phong , Le Uyen Nhu , To Thanh Thuy
Published: February 2021

The transgenic medaka rankl: HSE:CFP was generated to model human osteoporosis, a bone disease characterized by reduced bone mass, deteriorated bone structure, and high risk of bone fragility. The fish expresses the transgene rankl encoding for the osteoclast-stimulating factor Rankl under the control of a heat-inducible promotor so it could exhibit damaged mineralized bone structures or an osteoporosis-like phenotype upon a heatshock. In the previous study, the original transgenic fish carrying multiple insertions of the transgene were segregated into genetically homogeneous lines, each had one insertion of the transgene, including the line named c1c6 that was heterozygous for the transgene. However, for the studies to screen for substances of anti-osteoporosis potential, homozygous fish is very important to provide large numbers of heterozygous embryos. In this study, we testcrossed 12 fish of the F5 generation, which were offspring obtained from inbreeding of heterozygous F4 siblings, with wild type fish and found 3 female and 3 male F5 fish homozygous for the transgene. These F5 individuals were inbred to generate homozygous fish of F6 and F7 generations. Osteoporosis-like phenotype and levels of bone damage of these homozygous fish larvae were analyzed and compared with those of heterozygous larvae. Results showed that homozygous c1c6 Rankl fish had stable osteoporosis-like phenotype but a lower level of bone mineralized damage (70,6% for F6 and 65,8% for F7) than heterozygous fish (88,4% for F6 and 81,1% for F7). These homozygous fish are essential for further studies to screen for anti-osteoporosis substances.
APPLICATION OF AIR QUALITY INDEX AND INVERSE DISTANCE WEIGHTING FOR MAPPING THE DISTRIBUTION OF AIR POLLUTION AT SEVERAL URBAN DISTRICTS OF HANOI CITY
Authors: Dang Vu Khac , Nguyen Thi Van Anh
Published: February 2021

The air pollution level can be assessed using air quality index - AQI calculated from the concentration of some gases and particle matters which are measured at ambient air quality monitoring stations. The calculated AQI values are characterized by temporal continuity but spatial discontinuity. However, AQI values of each monitoring station is interpolated by the IDW (Inverse Distance Weighting) method in GIS which helps us to assess the air quality at a detailed and specific level for every location in the study area by establishing distribution maps of air pollution. The interpolation of AQI values for zoning air quality in several urban districts of Hanoi during the Winter (October, November, December 2019) shows that in general, the areas with a very bad level of air quality occupied an important surface in the Northwest of urban districts (on the territory of Bac Tu Liem, Ba Dinh, Tay Ho, Cau Giay) for last 3 months of the year. The areas with a bad level of air quality occupied a large surface in the Southeast in October and December, but its surface became narrow in November. But in November, areas having a bad level of air quality were expanded to the Southeast while they occupied only a small surface at the center of the study area in October and December. Although the distribution of each level vary in terms of coverage, their common pattern has been conserved during three months of Winter. The distribution map of air quality provides the complete picture of the air pollution situation and it helps to adequately evaluate this issue in the urban districts of Hanoi city.
ISSUES ON POWER CONTROL OF EARLY LE DYNASTY FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF RESPONSIBILITIES AND OPERATIONS OF SUPERVISOR GROUP
Authors: Phan Ngoc Huyen
Published: February 2021

Under Early Le Dynasty, the supervisor group includes the Censorate, The Six Offices of Scrutiny and The Constitutional Agency. Through the characteristic features of their position as “word keeping” mandarins, they have had a significant contribution to the king’s maintenance of discipline and upholding of the court's laws, therefore increasing the central government's control and supervision over the mandarin group. This article focuses on the position, the tasks and the activities of the supervisor group in the Early Le Dynasty. The research of the model of power supervision through a supervisor group will evoke valuable experiences and lessons that need to be drawn from the present practice.
A GENDER STEREOTYPES FROM AMERICAN AND VIETNAMESE WAR FILMS – A CASE STUDY OF VIETNAMESE WOMEN’S REPRESENTATION
Authors: Hoang Thi Nga
Published: February 2021

In the media, the movies have a strong impact on the perception of gender and gender roles, including the image and role of women. The question is: Are there any hidden gender stereotypes contained in images, words, and plot in a movie? Therefore, this report refers to the image and portrait of Vietnamese women described in the Vietnam War films under a comparative perspective from both the US and Vietnam. From these different views, the filmmakers in Hollywood and Vietnam presented their different perceptions, even their opposing views to the Vietnamese women and their role in the war. Even more interesting, it is characterized by two opposing sides and due to always having the appearance of the familiar conventions of war films, in which one is the hero, one is the villain. Thus, the common portrayal in American films is nameless and faceless persons, such as street vendors, teachers, tailors, peasants, prostitutes and so on. These “mute characters” appear at a glance, the audiences recognize them by the traditional costumes and conical hats. In Vietnamese movies, the women seem to be multiple tasks: wives, mothers and soldiers at the same time. By comparison, the report would indicate the gender stereotypes and its negative impact on the formation, maintenance and strengthening the traditional notions of gender, particularly for Vietnamese women. The relationship between gender, gender equality and the media is also examined in the study.
EPIC - THE SOURCE OF THE “SOFT POWER” OF INDIAN CULTURE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA
Authors: Le Thi Bich Thuy
Published: February 2021

The power of each nation is determined by many factors, including the role of its culture. Culture is seen as an effective tool of soft power to affirm the image of our country in the international community. As one of the originating centers of Asian civilization and one of the largest, oldest civilizations in the world, India's soft power exists naturally in its own long historical culture. The Indian epic is considered to be the source of soft power, the link between the world and Indian culture, helping Indian culture expand its influence on other countries and the world. In this article, we focus on presenting the unique features of thinking, soul, thought, and “Indian spirit” reflected in the epic - the source of Indian culture and the epic continuation in countries in Southeast Asia. Thereby, this article helps its readers have a comprehensive view of the Indian epic - the source of “soft power” of Indian culture in Southeast Asian countries to strengthen and develop the relationship between India and other countries in Southeast Asia more and more sustainably and lasting.
CANONICAL ANALYSIS FOR MEASURING EQUILIBRIUM BETWEEN COMPONENTS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN VIETNAM
Authors: Truong Van Canh
Published: February 2021

Sustainable development now becomes zeitgeist of our age which can be perceived as the development that guarantees the balance between economic development, social well-being and environmental component, to satisfy the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own need. From one hand, it is a way to define the goals which a good society should achieve to ensure better quality of life for all inhabitants of the planet, both for the present generation and for future generations. From the other hand, sustainable development is a way to understand the world as a complex interaction within and between economic, social, environmental systems. This article aims to measure the intersystem equilibrium of sustainable development by analyzing the statistical relationships between the different dimensions of sustainability. All of the analysis use the complete raw existing data set provided for 24 indicators for the years 2016 of 63 administrative units of Vietnam. The results show that there is an average relationship between subsystems of sustainable development in Vietnam measured by the level of mutual explanation of original set of variables of each subsystem in the procedure of canonical correlation analysis.
ECONOMIC RESTRUCTURING IN CAM KHE DISTRICT, PHU THO PROVINCE DURING THE PERIOD OF 1995 – 2015
Authors: Nguyen Thi Huong Loan
Published: February 2021

Cam Khe is a mountainous district of Phu Tho province, with a lot of potentials and advantages for the development of agriculture, industry and services. From the re-establishment of the district in 1995 until 2015, with the policy of exploiting all local resources to promote the process of socio-economic development, Cam Khe’s economic structure has shifted towards industrialization and modernization. This article focuses on analyzing the conditions, policies, measures and results of the process of economic restructuring in Cam Khe during the period of 1995 - 2015 in order to partly understand the Party’s economic reform policy which has been applied creatively in the local practical situation.
Study on nutritional status among children up to five years at tertiary care hospital, HIMS, Sitapur, Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Pachori Ravi , Sillapasuwan Jiratithigan
Published: February 2021

Background: Undernutrition makes children in particular much more vulnerable to disease and death; around 45% of deaths among children up to 5 years of age are linked to undernutrition and these mostly occur in low and middle-income countries. Malnutrition increases health care costs, reduces productivity, and slows economic growth, which can perpetuate a cycle of poverty and ill-health. Objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of underweight (weight-for-age), sociodemographic profile and to determination of differences exist by gender.Methods: The present study was hospital based descriptive cross-sectional study conducted from June 2019 to December 2019. The sample size calculated was 410, and accounting for 10% nonresponsive, the sample size calculated was 451. The data obtained were compiled and entered in MS-excel 2010 and analysed by using institutional SPSS (22.0).Results: Male children 230 (51.0%) was observed higher proportion as compared to female children 221 (49.0%) and same preponderance difference was found among underweight children. Literate fathers belong to 332 (73.6%) children and illiterate fathers belong to 96 (53.0%) underweight children. literate mother belongs to highly significant 283 (62.8%) children and illiterate mothers belong to highly significant 105 (58.0%) underweight children. Majority of father occupation belongs to other type job 294 (65.2) whereas labour occupation mostly belongs to underweight children 109 (60.2%) highly significant and most of the housewives belong to normal children 361 (80.1%) and underweight children 119 (65.8%) highly significant.Conclusions: Health education on nutrition to parents would be beneficiary for underweight children.
Tragal perichondrium as graft material in tympanoplasty: our experience
Authors: Pathak Vivek K. , Nayak Pradeepti , Tyagi Sonali , Chaudhary Rohit
Published: February 2021

Background: It has been defined as a permanent abnormality of pars tensa or flaccida, as a result of acute otitis media, negative middle ear pressure or otitis media with effusion. It manifests clinically as ear discharge and decreased hearing and may lead to numerous changes in the tympanic membrane, middle ear cleft, and mastoid air cell system. It has been classified into two types: mucosal and squamosal types. Chronic otitis media (COM) is a very common condition in developing countries in both adult and paediatric age groups. This study has been conducted to determine the outcome and graft uptake of tragal perichondrium in type 1 tympanoplasty.

Methods: The prospective analytical study was conducted department of otorhinolaryngology, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India over a period of 12months from 01 January 2019 to 31 December 2019. 30 patients according to inclusion criterion underwent tympanolpasty using tragal perichondrium were included in study. The data obtained was analyzed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS), version 21.0. P value less than 0.05 was taken as statically significant.  

Results: Preoperative mean hearing loss was 38.45±7.01 dB, mean air bone gap was 20.20±3.75 dB, and postoperative air bone gap was reduced to an average of 10.86±3.82 dB. 8.51 dB of hearing gain was achieved and an air bone gap réduction of 8.51 dB was observed.

Conclusions: Our study concluded tragal perichondrium is a suitable graft material is n mucosal type of COM.
O TEMPO ENTRE LITERATURA E RELIGIÃO: O KAIRÓS COMO CHAVE HERMENÊUTICA PARA A CIÊNCIA DA RELIGIÃO
Authors: Mendes Danilo
Published: February 2021

Esse artigo apresenta uma base teórica formal para o estudo da literatura a partir da ciência da religião. A hipótese da qual partimos é que o conceito de tempo na literatura é uma noção fundamentalmente religiosa, que chamamos de Kairós. A partir dessa chave, fundamentamos objetivamente a possibilidade de uma interpretação criativa da ciência da religião sobre a literatura uma vez que, mesmo sem ter aspectos religiosos explícitos, a obra literária reflete religião. Com esse texto pretendemos apresentar contribuições à epistemologia da ciência da religião, em nível macro, e, em menor escala, aos estudos em literatura a partir da ciência da religião.
BUROCRACIA DO INFERNO E CRÍTICA SOCIAL NO CORDEL "A VOLTA DE LAMPIÃO AO INFERNO"
Authors: Costa Matheus Oliva da
Published: February 2021

Neste trabalho partimos da teoria clássica da projeção humana da sua realidade social em seu imaginário religioso, tendo como objeto a literatura de cordel denominada “A volta de Lampião ao Inferno”, de Almeida Filho. O objetivo é refletir como esse cordel específico representa poeticamente e também crítica politicamente a sua sociedade. Para isso, vamos utilizar a metodologia do cientista das religiões Pye, que propõe a escrita da pesquisa tendo uma parte descritiva sobre o tema e depois outra parte analítica e explicativa. Assim, no primeiro momento, além de uma breve contextualização histórica, descrevemos o cordel estudado e a teoria utilizada – os tipos ideais weberianos de burocracia. Depois analisamos o cordel através das teorias da burocracia. Concluímos com algumas correlações sobre como a crítica social presente nesse cordel revela uma posição politicamente ambígua tipicamente brasileira: rejeita as opressões da burocracia estatal e ao mesmo tempo é conservador quanto à manutenção da ordem social.
After the Boom: Agriculture in Latin America and the Caribbean
Authors: Nin Pratt Alejandro , Valdés Conroy Héctor
Published: February 2021

The convergence of a favorable macroeconomic environment and high prices of primary commodities between 2000 and 2011 contributed to the best performance of agriculture in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) since the 1980s, with steady growth of total factor productivity (TFP) and output per worker and a reduction in the use of input per worker. The end of the upward phase of the commodity cycle in 2011 together with less favorable external markets and a deterioration of the policy environment in several countries, motivates us to revisit the situation of agriculture in LAC in recent years to analyze how these changes have affected its performance. This study applies a framework that uses index numbers together with data envelopment analysis (DEA) to estimate levels of productivity and efficiency, incorporating technical change together with technical (TE) and environmental efficiency (EE) into the decomposition of TFP. The EE index adjusts the TFP measure for pollution, treating GHG emissions as a by-product of the desired crop or livestock outputs. TFP and efficiency of crop and livestock sub-sectors was calculated for 24 LAC countries from 2000 to 2016. Our results show that the period of fast agricultural growth in LAC, driven by technical change and resource reallocation, transformed agriculture in the region leaving it in a better position to cope with the more unfavorable regional macroeconomic environment and the less dynamic global markets observed after 2011.
Destination management and sustainable development through the common lens of the Commons
Authors: Romão João , Okada Mayumi , Machino Kazuo , Nijkamp Peter
Published: February 2021

This study combines three interconnected streams in tourism literature: analysis of the utilisation of common pool resources (CPR) in tourism, studies on sustainable tourism development and theoretical contributions to the articulation of roles, missions and strategies of a destination management organisation (DMO). Starting from an integrative literature review, our aim is to explore the symbiotic relationships between these approaches in order to design a conceptual framework that opens new research opportunities. Clearly, the concrete application of such a conceptual model depends on the resources of each destination, the type of tourism dynamics observed, the specific stakeholders involved and the power balance between them. Our approach integrates the principles of sustainable development into the strategic role of a DMO through the management of CPR, aiming at the achievement of significant benefits for the host communities within the three pillars of sustainable development (ecological, social and economic) through participatory processes of destination management. In addition, we present an exploratory illustration of this conceptual framework for the case of a rural destination of Kushiro-Akan (Hokkaido, Japan). Policy and managerial implications are discussed, along with the needs for further research.
The Effect of Switching Barriers, Hedonic Value on Customer Loyalty with Customer Satisfaction as Mediator
Authors: Susanti Yulisa , Ispurwanto Wing , Murti Tri Ratna
Published: February 2021

This study aims to obtain a structural relationship model between customer loyalty, customer satisfaction, switching barriers and hedonic value in Telkom Jakarta. The variables in this study were the exogenous variables consisting of switching barriers and hedonic values, the mediator variable was customer satisfaction and the endogenous variable was customer loyalty. As a hypothesis in this study is a theoretical model of the effect of switching barriers, hedonic value on customer loyalty with customer satisfaction mediator match (fit) with empirical data on Indihome customers in Jakarta. The research subjects were 400 Indihome customers in Jakarta. The data collection technique was carried out using the customer loyalty scale from Bobalca, et al., The customer satisfaction scale from Grigoroudis and Siskos, the switching barrier scale from Jones, et al., The hedonic value scale constructed by the author. The data analysis technique was carried out using SEM (Structural Equation Model) which processing was carried out using the Lisrel (Linear Structural Relationship) program. The results showed that the effect of switching barriers, hedonic value on customer loyalty with customer satisfaction mediator matched (fit) with empirical data, with NFI value 0.91, NNFI 0.90, CFI 0.92.
The Value of Kindness and Responsibility Character Education in Teacher-Student Relationships in the Novel of Guru Aini by Andrea Hirata
Authors: Yudin Jaki , Suyitno Suyitno , Rohmadi Muhammad
Published: February 2021

Character education is an effort to reinforce character values to create Indonesia's golden generation. This study aimed to describe and explain the educational value of goodness and responsibility character in the novel of Guru Aini. The data in this study are data on the values of character education in the form of dialogue quotes, sentences, and paragraphs in novels. The data source is the novel Guru Aini by Andrea Hirata. The data collection technique which is used is documentation techniques with reading, recording, and assessment activities. The validation technique used theory triangulation and data triangulation. The data analysis technique used an interactive model analysis technique which includes three components, namely: (1) data reduction; (2) data presentation; and (3) drawing conclusions. The results showed that the novel contains the educational value of good character related to giving, such as giving appreciation, forgiveness, knowledge, and goods. Meanwhile, the educational value of the responsibility character reflected that a more responsible attitude as a teacher and a student. The novel of Guru Aini can be used as a media for giving the values of character education.
The Concept of Penal Mediation for the Crime of Medical Negligence in Realizing Legal Protection for Medical Personnel and Patients or Their Families
Authors: Sapoelete Rudy , Muhadar Muhadar , Yudianto Otto , Budiarsih Budiarsih
Published: February 2021

The research objective was to determine the form of legal protection for medical personnel and patients or their families for criminal acts of medical negligence and the form of the mediation concept of penalties for medical negligence. This research uses normative juridical legal research, is descriptive analysis, data sources are primary and secondary legal materials. Medical negligence lies between deliberate and coincidence, the crime of medical negligence is not mens rea, culpa offense is a false offense. The concept of penal mediation for the criminal act of medical negligence is to bring together medical personnel with patients or their families directly, changing the perspective of criminal law towards a humanistic criminal law, because the main focus isn’t on retaliation but on efforts to restore and make peace. The concept of penal mediation isn’t intended to maintain discretionary measures by law enforcers but to provide a place for penal mediation for criminal acts of medical negligence in the criminal justice system in realizing legal protection for medical personnel and patients or their families. The concept of penal mediation in realizing legal protection for medical personnel and patients or their families is a reform of criminal law as a reflection of restorative justice that needs to be regulated and by offering conditional norms. Criminal law reform must be carried out by reviewing and reconstructing criminal law in accordance with the social central values and socio-cultural values of the Indonesian people so that Indonesia's criminal law in the future is filled with Pancasila values.
Intraplant Distribution, Preferred Sites, and Damage Caused by Euschistus heros (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) on Cotton
Authors: Oliveira Tulli Alberto Enrique , Kodama Everton , de Souza Ellen Patricia , Degrande Paulo Eduardo , de Lima Filho Adolpho Vaz , Junior Gilberto Bonfanti
Published: February 2021

This study investigated (a) the intraplant distribution of Euschistus heros (F.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in cotton, (b) its preference for different structures and areas of the cotton plant, and (c) the damage caused at different levels of infestation. Our results determined that, regardless of the time of day, E. heros adults significantly preferred the middle third of cotton plants in comparison to the upper and lower areas (F = 30.221; df = 2; P = 0.001). The adults were present on all cotton structures, and numbers were significantly higher on bolls and leaves/branches (F = 25.333; df = 5; P = 0.001) than on flower buds and flowers. In greenhouse tests, fiber yield, number of bolls per plant, and number of internal punctures in bolls responded significantly to increasing infestation levels of E. heros adults. Damage and yield reduction was observed at 1.5 to 2.0 adults/plant, indicating that an action threshold of 1 adult per plant should be adopted to avoid economic losses. Sampling during boll development should be by either whole-plant inspection or beat cloth methods between 0600 and 1800 h.
PRECISION OF PRODUCTION CROWN MANUFACTURING USING 3D-PRINTING TECHNOLOGY. IMMEDIATE TEMPORARY RESTORATION AFTER DENTAL IMPLANTATION
Authors: Melnikov Yuri , Zholudev Sergey , Vladimirova Elena , Zaikin Dmitry
Published: February 2021

Subject. Currently, tooth loss prosthetics using implants are widely used. An important problem is the loss of bone tissue due to infections around the implant. Micro-gaps at the implant-abutment interface can contribute to infection with microorganisms.The aim of this study was to investigate the precision of connecting the implant-abutment components with simultaneous loading and temporary restoration.

Methodology. The precision of the "implant – abutment – artificial crown" connection was studied on a clinical case with simultaneous removal of a tooth root, followed by implant placement and temporary restoration. Before installing the implant, specialized programs combined a three-dimensional CT model of the jaw with a 3D model of the dentition obtained as a result of scanning. To study precision, a duplicate plastic crown was made according to this virtual plan and fixed in a similar implant. The "implant-crown" model was fixed in plaster and a section was made up to the level of the "implant-abutment-artificial crown" connection, which was studied using electron microscopy at magnification of 50, 100 and 200 times.

Results. Electron microscopy data showed that the junction of the internal surface of the implant with the plastic "abutment" had a gap width in the range of 54-77 microns.

Conclusion. The exact fit of the restoration on the implant was confirmed by electron microscopy. In the presented example, due to the production of temporary restoration, it was possible to reduce the number of manipulations with the implant-abutment components. Modern milling and 3D printing technologies show high precision.
STUDY BY THE METHOD OF ELEKTRONIC PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE OF THE INFUENCE OF PHYSICS-CHEMICAL AND STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BONE TISSUE ON THE PROCESSES OF OSSEOINTEGRATION OF DENTAL IMPLANTS WITH DIFFERENT MICROSTRUCTURE OF THE SURFACE
Authors: Chelyshev Yuriy , Grishin Petr , Savranskiy Filipp , Gafurov Marat , Kalinnikova Elena , Chigarina Svetlana
Published: February 2021

Aim. Study by the method of electronic paramagnetic resonance (EPR) physical- chemical and structural features of bone tissue and their effect on the processes of osseointegration during dental implantation using implants with different macro-microstructure of the surface.

Material and methods. The experimental study was conducted on 7 Vietnamese visobryu-pig mini-pigs. Under anesthesia, implants with different macro-microstructures of the surface (SLA, RBM, ) were installed under the methods of direct and delayed implantation. At different dates of the experiment, after the appropriate anesthesia, the gentle method was to remove implants with small fragments of periemplant bone tissue. Macro-drugs of bone tissue of the jaws after sawing on blocks and extraction of implants, as well as appropriate preparation, were investigated by the method of stationary electronic paramagnetic resonance.

Results. As a result of the study it was revealed that the insertation of the implant into the jaw bone leads to structural changes in the surrounding bone implant. After prior exposure, the EPR spectrums, caused by different types of paramagnetic centers, were observed in the samples studied. Two types of centers, , have been identified. and F is the center. The spectrum of the second type reflects the presence in hydroxiapatites of lattice defects associated with isomorphism, and, . The findings suggest that one of the reasons for the higher content of free radicals (SR) in bone tissue derived from radiation, after dental implantation is the weakening of chemical bonds, greater mobility of fragments that make up its structure. It must be assumed that the high content of SR in the bone in the postoperative period is nothing but a result of the disruption of the mineralization process, which is accompanied by the replacement of phosphate groups with carbonate ions that are free-radicalized. It has also been revealed that the structural integrity of the bone depends to a large extent on the degree of orderliness of microcrystals of hydroxyapatite. According to EPR, the most favorable bone recovery (the process of osseointegration) occurs when using implants with a surface, .

Conclusions. EPR research of native and carbonate radicals is a unique tool for studying the physical and chemical and structural features of bone tissue and their role in the process of osseointegration of implants. The speed of osseointegration for implants with different microstructures of the surface varies. EPR can be used as an additional method to control the integration of implants into bone tissue.