bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Spatial–temporal variation and source analysis of heavy metals in different land use types in Beilun District (2015 and 2022)
Authors: Zhang Pengwei , Hu Lanfang , Gao Bo , Gao Feng , Zhu Xuchu , Li Yaying , Yao Huaiying
Published: July 2024

The soil environment plays an important role in urban ecosystems. To study the heavy metal contamination of soil in Beilun District, Ningbo, we collected soil samples from 60 points in urban and peri-urban areas of Beilun District and analyzed the spatiotemporal variation and sources of heavy metal pollution in various land-use types. The results shown that the heavy metal contents in 2015 and 2022 were higher than the background soil values of Ningbo city, and there was an accumulation of heavy metals over these 7 years. The contents of heavy metals in green belts and woodland in 2022 were higher than those in 2015, while there was no significant change in agricultural land. The heavy metal contents in both years were mainly in the order green belts > agricultural land > woodland. The spatiotemporal distribution of heavy metal content showed that heavy metal pollution in Beilun District was concentrated in five industrial areas, and there was a trend toward the disappearance of highly polluted points. But the single-factor pollution index, pollution load index (PLI), and geoaccumulation index (Igeo) indicated that there was no significant heavy metal pollution in Beilun District, and individual elements at specific points showed slight pollution. The source analysis results showed that the main source of Hg is chemical, As is mainly derived from agricultural, Cr, Ni and Cu are mainly derived from natural, the main sources of Zn and Cd are electroplating and machinery activities, and the main source of Pb is traffic. These results specify a reference for future investigation on urban soil heavy metals, and the source apportionment results provide a scientific foundation for subsequent soil heavy metal pollution treatment.
Fetal deaths from birth defects in Hunan Province, China, 2016–2020
Authors: Zhou Xu , He Jian , Wang Aihua , Hua XinJun , Li Ting , Liu Qin , Fang Junqun , Jiang Yurong , Shi Yingrui
Published: July 2024

To describe the fetal death rate of birth defects (including a broad range of specific defects) and to explore the relationship between fetal deaths from birth defects and a broad range of demographic characteristics. Data was derived from the birth defects surveillance system in Hunan Province, China, 2016–2020. Fetal death refers to the intrauterine death of a fetus at any time during the pregnancy, including medical termination of pregnancy. Fetal death rate is the number of fetal deaths per 100 births (including live births and fetal deaths) in a specified group (unit: %). The fetal death rate of birth defects with 95% confidence intervals (CI) was calculated by the log-binomial method. Crude odds ratios (ORs) were calculated to examine the relationship between each demographic characteristic and fetal deaths from birth defects. This study included 847,755 births, and 23,420 birth defects were identified. A total of 11,955 fetal deaths from birth defects were identified, with a fetal death rate of 51.05% (95% CI 50.13–51.96). 15.78% (1887 cases) of fetal deaths from birth defects were at a gestational age of < 20 weeks, 59.05% (7059 cases) were at a gestational age of 20–27 weeks, and 25.17% (3009 cases) were at a gestational age of ≥ 28 weeks. Fetal death rate of birth defects was higher in females than in males (OR = 1.25, 95% CI 1.18–1.32), in rural than in urban areas (OR = 1.43, 95% CI 1.36–1.50), in maternal age 20–24 years (OR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.25–1.47), and ≥ 35 years (OR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.11–1.29) compared to maternal age of 25–29 years, in diagnosed by chromosomal analysis than ultrasound (OR = 6.24, 95% CI 5.15–7.55), and lower in multiple births than in singletons (OR = 0.41, 95% CI 0.36–0.47). The fetal death rate of birth defects increased with the number of previous pregnancies (χ2trend = 49.28, P < 0.01), and decreased with the number of previous deliveries (χ2trend = 4318.91, P < 0.01). Many fetal deaths were associated with birth defects. We found several demographic characteristics associated with fetal deaths from birth defects, which may be related to the severity of the birth defects, economic and medical conditions, and parental attitudes toward birth defects.
Association between augmented levels of the gut pro-hormone Proneurotensin and subclinical vascular damage
Authors: De Vito Francesca , Fiorentino Teresa Vanessa , Facciolo Antonio , Cassano Velia , Natale Maria Resilde , Mannino Gaia Chiara , Succurro Elena , Arturi Franco , Sciacqua Angela , Sesti Giorgio , Andreozzi Francesco
Published: July 2024

Elevated levels of the gut pro-hormone Proneurotensin (proNT) have been found to predict development of cardiovascular disease. However, it is still unknown whether higher proNT levels are associated with subclinical vascular damage. Herein, we investigated the relationship between higher proNT concentrations and augmented pulse pressure (PP) and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), indicators of increased arterial stiffness and subclinical atherosclerosis, respectively. Clinical characteristics, PP and cIMT were evaluated in 154 non-diabetic individuals stratified into tertiles according to fasting serum proNT concentrations. We found that, subjects with higher proNT levels exhibited a worse lipid profile and insulin sensitivity, increased C-reactive protein levels, along with higher values of PP and cIMT as compared to the lowest proNT tertile. Prevalence of elevated PP (≥ 60 mmHg) and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis (IMT > 0.9 mm) was increased in the highest tertile of proNT. In a logistic regression analysis adjusted for several confounders, subjects with higher proNT levels displayed a fivefold raised risk of having elevated PP values (OR 5.36; 95%CI 1.04–27.28; P = 0.05) and early carotid atherosclerosis (OR 4.81; 95%CI 1.39–16.57; P = 0.01) as compared to the lowest proNT tertile. In conclusion, higher circulating levels of proNT are a biomarker of subclinical vascular damage independent of other atherosclerotic risk factors.
Whole genome sequencing and analysis of the weed pathogen Trichoderma polysporum HZ-31
Authors: He Yushan , Zhu Haixia
Published: July 2024

In order to resolve the key genes for weed control by Trichoderma polysporum at the genomic level, we extracted the genomic DNA and sequenced the whole genome of T. polysporum strain HZ-31 on the Illumina Hiseq platform. The raw data was cleaned up using Trimmomatic and checked for quality using FastQC. The sequencing data was assembled using SPAdes, and GeneMark was used to perform gene prediction on the assembly results. The results showed that the genome size of T. polysporum HZ-31 was 39,325,746 bp, with 48% GC content, and the number of genes encoded was 11,998. A total of 148 tRNAs and 45 rRNAs were predicted. A total of 782 genes were annotated in the Carbohydrase Database, 757 genes were annotated to the Pathogen-Host Interaction Database, and 67 gene clusters were identified. In addition, 1023 genes were predicted to be signal peptide proteins. The annotation and functional analysis of the whole genome sequence of T. polymorpha HZ-31 provide a basis for the in-depth study of the molecular mechanism of its herbicidal action and more effective utilization for weed control.
DOK1 and DOK2 regulate CD8 T cell signaling and memory formation without affecting tumor cell killing
Authors: Laletin Vladimir , Bernard Pierre-Louis , Montersino Camille , Yamanashi Yuji , Olive Daniel , Castellano Rémy , Guittard Geoffrey , Nunès Jacques A.
Published: July 2024

Targeting intracellular inhibiting proteins has been revealed to be a promising strategy to improve CD8+ T cell anti-tumor efficacy. Here, we are focusing on intracellular inhibiting proteins specific to TCR signaling: DOK1 and DOK2 expressed in T cells. We hypothesized that depletion of intracellular inhibition checkpoint DOK1 and DOK2 could improve CD8+ T-cell based cancer therapies. To evaluate the role of DOK1 and DOK2 depletion in physiology and effector function of CD8+ T lymphocytes and in cancer progression, we established a transgenic T cell receptor mouse model specific to melanoma antigen hgp100 (pmel-1 TCR Tg) in WT and Dok1/Dok2 DKO (double KO) mice. We showed that both DOK1 and DOK2 depletion in CD8+ T cells after an in vitro pre-stimulation induced a higher percentage of effector memory T cells as well as an up regulation of TCR signaling cascade- induced by CD3 mAbs, including the increased levels of pAKT and pERK, two major phosphoproteins involved in T cell functions. Interestingly, this improved TCR signaling was not observed in naïve CD8+ T cells. Despite this enhanced TCR signaling essentially shown upon stimulation via CD3 mAbs, pre-stimulated Dok1/Dok2 DKO CD8+ T cells did not show any increase in their activation or cytotoxic capacities against melanoma cell line expressing hgp100 in vitro. Altogether we demonstrate here a novel aspect of the negative regulation by DOK1 and DOK2 proteins in CD8+ T cells. Indeed, our results allow us to conclude that DOK1 and DOK2 have an inhibitory role following long term T cell stimulations.
Zona incerta mediates early life isoflurane-induced fear memory deficits
Authors: Sun Jing , Deng Xiaofei , Zhu Lin , Lin Jianbang , Chen Gaowei , Tang Yong , Lu Shanshan , Lu Zhonghua , Meng Zhiqiang , Li Yuantao , Zhu Yingjie
Published: July 2024

The potential long-term effects of anesthesia on cognitive development, especially in neonates and infants, have raised concerns. However, our understanding of its underlying mechanisms and effective treatments is still limited. In this study, we found that early exposure to isoflurane (ISO) impaired fear memory retrieval, which was reversed by dexmedetomidine (DEX) pre-treatment. Measurement of c-fos expression revealed that ISO exposure significantly increased neuronal activation in the zona incerta (ZI). Fiber photometry recording showed that ZI neurons from ISO mice displayed enhanced calcium activity during retrieval of fear memory compared to the control group, while DEX treatment reduced this enhanced calcium activity. Chemogenetic inhibition of ZI neurons effectively rescued the impairments caused by ISO exposure. These findings suggest that the ZI may play a pivotal role in mediating the cognitive effects of anesthetics, offering a potential therapeutic target for preventing anesthesia-related cognitive impairments.
Effect of rest duration between sets on fatigue and recovery after short intense plyometric exercise
Authors: Staniszewski Michał , Tkaczyk Joanna , Kęska Anna , Zybko Przemysław , Mróz Anna
Published: July 2024

Plyometric training is characterized by high-intensity exercise which is performed in short term efforts divided into sets. The purpose of the present study was twofold: first, to investigate the effects of three distinct plyometric exercise protocols, each with varying work-to-rest ratios, on muscle fatigue and recovery using an incline-plane training machine; and second, to assess the relationship between changes in lower limb muscle strength and power and the biochemical response to the three exercise variants employed. Forty-five adult males were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 15) performing an exercise of 60 rebounds on an incline-plane training machine. The G0 group performed continuous exercise, while the G45 and G90 groups completed 4 sets of 15 repetitions, each set lasting 45 s with 45 s rest in G45 (work-to-rest ratio of 1:1) and 90 s rest in G90 (1:2 ratio). Changes in muscle torques of knee extensors and flexors, as well as blood lactate (LA) and ammonia levels, were assessed before and every 5 min for 30 min after completing the workout. The results showed significantly higher (p < 0.001) average power across all jumps generated during intermittent compared to continuous exercise. The greatest decrease in knee extensor strength immediately post-exercise was recorded in group G0 and the least in G90. The post-exercise time course of LA changes followed a similar pattern in all groups, while the longer the interval between sets, the faster LA returned to baseline. Intermittent exercise had a more favourable effect on muscle energy metabolism and recovery than continuous exercise, and the work-to-rest ratio of 1:2 in plyometric exercises was sufficient rest time to allow the continuation of exercise in subsequent sets at similar intensity.
Slab melting boosts the mantle wedge contribution to Li-rich magmas
Authors: Schettino Erwin , González-Pérez Igór , Marchesi Claudio , González-Jiménez José María , Grégoire Michel , Tilhac Romain , Gervilla Fernando , Blanco-Quintero Idael F. , Corgne Alexandre , Schilling Manuel E.
Published: July 2024

The lithium cycling in the supra-subduction mantle wedge is crucial for understanding the generation of Li-rich magmas that may potentially source ore deposition in continental arcs. Here, we look from the mantle source perspective at the geological processes controlling the Li mobility in convergent margins, by characterizing a set of sub-arc mantle xenoliths from the southern Andes (Coyhaique, western Patagonia). The mineral trace element signatures and oxygen fugacity estimates (FMQ >  + 3) in some of these peridotite xenoliths record the interaction with arc magmas enriched in fluid-mobile elements originally scavenged by slab dehydration. This subduction-related metasomatism was poorly effective on enhancing the Li inventory of the sub-arc lithospheric mantle, underpinning the inefficiency of slab-derived fluids on mobilizing Li through the mantle wedge. However, major and trace element compositions of mantle minerals in other xenoliths also record transient thermal and chemical anomalies associated with the percolation of slab window-related magmas, which exhibit an “adakite”-type geochemical fingerprint inherited by slab-derived melts produced during ridge subduction and slab window opening event. As these melts percolated through the shallow (7.2–16.8 kbar) and hot (952–1054 °C) lithospheric mantle wedge, they promoted the crystallization of metasomatic clinopyroxene having exceptionally high Li abundances (6–15 ppm). Numerical modeling shows that low degrees (< 10%) of partial melting of this Li-rich and fertile sub-arc lithospheric mantle generates primitive melts having two-fold Li enrichment (~13 ppm) compared with average subduction-zone basalts. Prolonged fractional crystallization of these melts produces extremely Li-enriched silicic rocks, which may stoke the Li inventory of mineralizing fluids in the shallow crust.
Research on the bearing creep characteristics and constitutive model of gangue filling body
Authors: Wu Pengfei , Chen Bowen , Liang Bing , Sun Weiji , Jin Jiaxu , Lv Zhiqiang , Zhao Jihe , Gao Zhenbo
Published: July 2024

The creep characteristics and potential deformation patterns of gangue backfill material are crucial in backfill mining operations. This study utilizes crushed gangue from the Gangue Yard in Fuxin City as the research material. An in-house designed, large-scale, triaxial gangue compaction test system was used. Triaxial compaction creep tests were conducted on gangue materials with varying particle size distributions. Analysis was performed based on different particle sizes, stresses, and confinement pressures. The study investigates the creep characteristics of the gangue under different conditions and explores the underlying causes. It reveals the relationship between the creep deformation of gangue materials and the passage of time. Mathematical methods are applied to develop a triaxial compaction creep power law model for gangue backfill materials. Finally, the creep results are fitted using an empirical formula approach.
Numerical study on the stimulation effect of boundary sealing and hot water injection in marine challenging gas hydrate extraction
Authors: Nie Shuaishuai , Liu Ke , Xu Kangtai , Zhong Xiuping , Tang Shixing , Song Jian , Zhang Hongjing , Li Jiangfei , Wang Yafei
Published: July 2024

This study proposed a novel development mode combining boundary sealing and hot water injection to address the challenges of gas leakage, limited reservoir sensible heat, boundary water intrusion, and low productivity faced by challenging hydrate extraction, and the stimulation effect was numerically investigated with Shenhu hydrates as the geological background. The results showed that lower boundary permeability facilitated pressure propagation and achieved volumetric dissociation of hydrates, whereas insufficient formation energy resulted in substantial gas retention. Hot water injection was effective for stimulation, but open boundaries could not maintain the high injection pressure, leading to massive hot water losses and gas escapes. However, their combination achieved a synergistic stimulation like “1 + 1 > 2” because a piston water drive similar to secondary recovery in oil and gas development was formed. Relative to three-spot well patterns, the five-spot shortened the extraction cycle by 680 days and enhanced the gas-to-water ratio by 17%. Increasing injection pressure enhanced water yield more significantly while the improvement of gas yield was more significant by increasing hot water temperature. Overall, high-pressure and high-temperature injection was suggested for gas enhancement and water control. These findings provide important guidance for advancing the commercial development of challenging hydrates.
Role of ultrasound in predicting telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutation in follicular thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Kim Myoung Kyoung , Park Hyunju , Oh Young Lyun , Shin Jung Hee , Kim Tae Hyuk , Hahn Soo Yeon
Published: July 2024

Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutations are associated with tumor aggressiveness. This study aimed to demonstrate the ultrasonographic (US) features of TERT promoter-mutated follicular thyroid cancer (FTC) and evaluate their predictive performance. A total of 63 patients with surgically confirmed FTC between August 1995 and April 2021 were included. All data were available for analysis of preoperative US findings and TERT promoter mutation results. Genomic DNA was extracted from the archived surgical specimens to identify TERT promoter mutations. Logistic regression analysis was performed to compare US findings between TERT promoter-mutated and wild-type FTCs. Of the 63 patients with FTC, 10 (15.9%) had TERT promoter mutations. TERT promoter-mutated FTCs demonstrated significantly different US suspicion categories compared to wild-type FTCs (Ps = 0.0054 for K-TIRADS and 0.0208 for ACR-TIRADS), with a trend toward an increasing prevalence of the high suspicion category (40.0% for both K-TIRADS and ACR-TIRADS; Ps for trend = 0.0030 for K-TIRADS and 0.0032 for ACR-TIRADS). Microlobulated margins and punctate echogenic foci were independent risk factors associated with TERT promoter mutation in FTC (odds ratio = 9.693, 95% confidence interval = 1.666–56.401, p = 0.0115 for margins; odds ratio = 8.033, 95% confidence interval = 1.424–45.309, p = 0.0182 for punctate echogenic foci). There were no significant differences in the composition and echogenicity of the TERT promoter-mutated and wild-type FTCs. TERT promoter-mutated FTCs were categorized more frequently as high suspicion by the K-TIRADS and ACR-TIRADS. Based on US findings, the independent risk factors for TERT promoter mutations in FTC are microlobulated margins and punctate echogenic foci.
Structure and engineering of Brevibacillus laterosporus Cas9
Authors: Nakane Toshihiro , Nakagawa Ryoya , Ishiguro Soh , Okazaki Sae , Mori Hideto , Shuto Yutaro , Yamashita Keitaro , Yachie Nozomu , Nishimasu Hiroshi , Nureki Osamu
Published: July 2024

The RNA-guided DNA endonuclease Cas9 cleaves double-stranded DNA targets complementary to an RNA guide, and is widely used as a powerful genome-editing tool. Here, we report the crystal structure of Brevibacillus laterosporus Cas9 (BlCas9, also known as BlatCas9), in complex with a guide RNA and its target DNA at 2.4-Å resolution. The structure reveals that the BlCas9 guide RNA adopts an unexpected architecture containing a triple-helix, which is specifically recognized by BlCas9, and that BlCas9 recognizes a unique N4CNDN protospacer adjacent motif through base-specific interactions on both the target and non-target DNA strands. Based on the structure, we rationally engineered a BlCas9 variant that exhibits enhanced genome- and base-editing activities with an expanded target scope in human cells. This approach may further improve the performance of the enhanced BlCas9 variant to generate useful genome-editing tools that require only a single C PAM nucleotide and can be packaged into a single AAV vector for in vivo gene therapy.
Undenatured type II collagen protects against collagen-induced arthritis by restoring gut-joint homeostasis and immunity
Authors: Pan Piaopiao , Wang Yilin , Nyirenda Mukanthu H. , Saiyed Zainulabedin , Karimian Azari Elnaz , Sunderman Amy , Milling Simon , Harnett Margaret M. , Pineda Miguel
Published: July 2024

Oral administration of harmless antigens can induce suppression of reactive immune responses, a process that capitalises on the ability of the gastrointestinal tract to tolerate exposure to food and commensal microbiome without triggering inflammatory responses. Repeating exposure to type II collagen induces oral tolerance and inhibits induction of arthritis, a chronic inflammatory joint condition. Although some mechanisms underlying oral tolerance are described, how dysregulation of gut immune networks impacts on inflammation of distant tissues like the joints is unclear. We used undenatured type II collagen in a prophylactic regime -7.33 mg/kg three times/week- to describe the mechanisms associated with protective oral immune-therapy (OIT) in gut and joint during experimental Collagen-Induced Arthritis (CIA). OIT reduced disease incidence to 50%, with reduced expression of IL-17 and IL-22 in the joints of asymptomatic mice. Moreover, whilst the gut tissue of arthritic mice shows substantial damage and activation of tissue-specific immune networks, oral administration of undenatured type II collagen protects against gut pathology in all mice, symptomatic and asymptomatic, rewiring IL-17/IL-22 networks. Furthermore, gut fucosylation and microbiome composition were also modulated. These results corroborate the relevance of the gut-joint axis in arthritis, showing novel regulatory mechanisms linked to therapeutic OIT in joint disease.
Geometry-complete diffusion for 3D molecule generation and optimization
Authors: Morehead Alex , Cheng Jianlin
Published: July 2024

Generative deep learning methods have recently been proposed for generating 3D molecules using equivariant graph neural networks (GNNs) within a denoising diffusion framework. However, such methods are unable to learn important geometric properties of 3D molecules, as they adopt molecule-agnostic and non-geometric GNNs as their 3D graph denoising networks, which notably hinders their ability to generate valid large 3D molecules. In this work, we address these gaps by introducing the Geometry-Complete Diffusion Model (GCDM) for 3D molecule generation, which outperforms existing 3D molecular diffusion models by significant margins across conditional and unconditional settings for the QM9 dataset and the larger GEOM-Drugs dataset, respectively. Importantly, we demonstrate that GCDM’s generative denoising process enables the model to generate a significant proportion of valid and energetically-stable large molecules at the scale of GEOM-Drugs, whereas previous methods fail to do so with the features they learn. Additionally, we show that extensions of GCDM can not only effectively design 3D molecules for specific protein pockets but can be repurposed to consistently optimize the geometry and chemical composition of existing 3D molecules for molecular stability and property specificity, demonstrating new versatility of molecular diffusion models. Code and data are freely available onGitHub.
Soil carbon maintained by perennial grasslands over 30 years but lost in field crop systems in a temperate Mollisol
Authors: Dietz Clarissa L. , Jackson Randall D. , Ruark Matthew D. , Sanford Gregg R.
Published: July 2024

To mitigate climate change, some seek to store carbon from the atmosphere in agricultural soils. However, our understanding about how agriculture affects soil organic carbon is muddied by studies (1) lacking longitudinal data, (2) ignoring bulk density changes, or (3) sampling only surface soils. To better understand soil organic carbon trends, here we measured changes over 30 years in density-corrected, full-soil-depth (90 cm) soil organic carbon stocks under 6 cropping systems and a restored prairie in a Mollisol of southern Wisconsin, USA. Cash-grain systems and alfalfa-based systems lost soil organic carbon. Prairie and rotationally-grazed pasture maintained soil organic carbon. Average soil organic carbon losses for cash-grain and alfalfa-based systems were −0.80 (±0.12) and −0.54 (±0.13) Mg C ha−1 yr−1, respectively. Sensitivity analysis showed that incomplete methodologies overestimated soil organic carbon improvements. Our findings using more comprehensive methods demonstrate the inadequacy of row-crop systems and the need for well-managed grasslands to protect soil organic carbon in productive agricultural soils of the Upper Midwest USA.
Evolution and stability of complex microbial communities driven by trade-offs
Authors: Huang Yanqing , Mukherjee Avik , Schink Severin , Benites Nina Catherine , Basan Markus
Published: July 2024

Microbial communities are ubiquitous in nature and play an important role in ecology and human health. Cross-feeding is thought to be core to microbial communities, though it remains unclear precisely why it emerges. Why have multi-species microbial communities evolved in many contexts and what protects microbial consortia from invasion? Here, we review recent insights into the emergence and stability of coexistence in microbial communities. A particular focus is the long-term evolutionary stability of coexistence, as observed for microbial communities that spontaneously evolved in the E. coli long-term evolution experiment (LTEE). We analyze these findings in the context of recent work on trade-offs between competing microbial objectives, which can constitute a mechanistic basis for the emergence of coexistence. Coexisting communities, rather than monocultures of the ‘fittest’ single strain, can form stable endpoints of evolutionary trajectories. Hence, the emergence of coexistence might be an obligatory outcome in the evolution of microbial communities. This implies that rather than embodying fragile metastable configurations, some microbial communities can constitute formidable ecosystems that are difficult to disrupt.
Multi-expert ensemble ECG diagnostic algorithm using mutually exclusive–symbiotic correlation between 254 hierarchical multiple labels
Authors: Lai Jiewei , Zhang Yue , Zhao Chenyu , Wang Jinliang , Yan Yong , Chen Mingyang , Ji Lei , Guo Jun , Han Baoshi , Shi Yajun , Zhang Jinxia , Chen Yundai , Feng Qianjin , Yang Wei
Published: July 2024

Electrocardiograms (ECGs) are a cheap and convenient means of assessing heart health and provide an important basis for diagnosis and treatment by cardiologists. However, existing intelligent ECG diagnostic approaches can only detect up to several tens of ECG terms, which barely cover the most common arrhythmias. Thus, further diagnosis is required by cardiologists in clinical settings. This paper describes the development of a multi-expert ensemble learning model that can recognize 254 ECG terms. Based on data from 191,804 wearable 12-lead ECGs, mutually exclusive–symbiotic correlations between hierarchical multiple labels are applied at the loss level to improve the diagnostic performance of the model and make its predictions more reasonable while alleviating the difficulty of class imbalance. The model achieves an average area under the receiver operating characteristics curve of 0.973 and 0.956 on offline and online test sets, respectively. We select 130 terms from the 254 available for clinical settings by considering the classification performance and clinical significance, providing real-time and comprehensive ancillary support for the public.
Visible light enhanced catalytic activity of Aun subnanoclusters: the importance of d–sp interband transitions
Authors: Sorroche Alba , del-Campo Irene , Casu Alberto , Falqui Andrea , Monge Miguel , López-de-Luzuriaga José M.
Published: July 2024

Experimental and DFT and TDDFT computational studies show that Au SNCs are formed and detached from a Au NP surface through a photochemical charge-carrier separation process driven by a d–sp interband transition mechanism.
Visible light-mediated difluoromethylation/cyclization in batch and flow: scalable synthesis of CHF2-containing benzimidazo- and indolo[2,1-a]isoquinolin-6(5H)-ones
Authors: Hannam Al , Kankraisri Phinyada , Thombare Karan R. , Meher Prahallad , Jean Alexandre , Hilton Stephen T. , Murarka Sandip , Arseniyadis Stellios
Published: July 2024

We report here a practical and cost-effective method for the synthesis of CHF2-containing benzimidazo- and indolo[2,1,a]-isoquinolin-6(5H)-ones through a visible light-mediated difluoromethylation/cyclization cascade.
A through-space charge transfer pyrene-based fluorophore with anti-quenching behavior for deep-blue organic light-emitting devices
Authors: Wang Ru-Jia , Zheng Fan , Liu Xiao-Long , Wu Yu-Lan , Jin Jia-Ming , Li Ze-Yan , Chen Wen-Cheng , Huo Yanping
Published: July 2024

A through-space charge transfer pyrene-based fluorophore with anti-quenching behavior is exploited for deep-blue organic light-emitting devices.
Improving crystal quality of Er-doped Gd2O3 grown on a Si(111) substrate by inserting a bifunctional GdOx layer
Authors: Inaba T. , Xu X. , Omi H. , Yamamoto H. , Tawara T. , Sanada H.
Published: July 2024

The bifunctional GdOx layer prepared by the thermally induced redox reaction between Gd metal and a SiOx layer improves the crystallinity and optical properties of Er-doped Gd2O3 grown on a Si(111) substrate.
Investigation of the photothermal weak absorption and laser damage characteristics of a Nd,Y:SrF2 crystal
Authors: Lu Zhuowei , Zhang Zhonghan , Jiang Dapeng , Kou Huamin , Zhang Bo , Xu Ziyuan , Zhao Yuanan , Wu Anhua , Su Liangbi
Published: July 2024

The exponential-Chapman quantitative relationship is established between photothermal weak absorption and laser damage characteristics induced by surface defects in Nd,Y:SrF2 crystals.
A comparative DFT study of HCHO decomposition on different terminations of the Co3O4(110) surface
Authors: Wang Xing , Abass Gbemi , Wang Jiajia , Song Dan , Ma Aibin
Published: July 2024

A comparative DFT study of HCHO decomposition on Co3O4(110)-A and (110)-B terminations.
Electrophilic As-functionalisation of σ-arsolido complexes
Authors: Kirk Ryan M. , Hill Anthony F.
Published: July 2024

Mononuclear-σ-arsolyl complexes of molybdenum are shown to be reactive towards electrophilic attack at arsenic, including reactions with activated alkynes which result in metallacycles rather than [4 + 2] cycloaddition to the arsolyl ring.
Steric and electronic influence on Cu–Cu short contacts in β-thioketiminato tricopper(i) clusters
Authors: Penki Venkata Sai Sashankh , Chu Yu-Ting , Chen Hsing-Yin , Sudewi Sri , Li Chien-Hung , Huang Genin Gary , Hsu Sodio C. N.
Published: July 2024

Ligand modification in β-thioketiminate copper(i) complexes enhances Cu⋯Cu short contacts, as confirmed by X-ray and Raman analyses.
A superhydrophobic nanocrystalline MOF embedded starch@cotton composite for fast, selective and nanomolar sensing and adsorptive removal of a fluorinated herbicide from aqueous medium
Authors: Ghosh Subhrajyoti , Laha Paltan , Biswas Shyam
Published: July 2024

A reusable starch@cotton composite embedded with nanocrystalline MOF was fabricated, characterized, and applied for nanomolar recognition and adsorption of trifluralin from contaminated water, fruits, vegetables, soil, and diverse pH environments.
Investigating the vital influence of multi-factor synergies on the formation of nitrate on the surface of nano MgO particles
Authors: Han Lihui , Qi Chaonan , Tian Jian , Lan Tong , Xiao Qian , Cheng Shuiyuan , Wei Wei , Wang Haiyan , Guo Jinghua , Zheng Aihua
Published: July 2024

The significant influence of multi-factor synergies on the heterogeneous formation of nitrate in two reaction systems.
The need to integrate mass- and energy-based metrics with life cycle impacts for sustainable chemicals manufacture
Authors: Lucas Elysia , Martín Antonio J. , Mitchell Sharon , Nabera Abhinandan , Santos Lucas F. , Pérez-Ramírez Javier , Guillén-Gosálbez Gonzalo
Published: July 2024

Analysis of over 700 chemical production routes showing that decision making towards more environmentally sustainable pathways is enhanced by combining mass- and energy-based process metrics with simplified life cycle impact indicators.
N-Sulfonylation of azoles with sulfonyl hydrazides enabled by electrocatalysis
Authors: Huang Cheng , Kang Chen , Liu Hong-Jun , Wang Chen-Lu , Tang Sheng , Qin Yu-Shu , Wei Zhenhong , Cai Hu
Published: July 2024

We report an electrochemical strategy for N-sulfonylation of azoles with sulfonyl hydrazides via radical–radical cross-coupling.
Routine measurement of high-precision potassium stable isotope compositions using a continuous-flow Neoma MC-ICPMS/MS
Authors: Albalat Emmanuelle , Télouk Philippe , Balter Vincent
Published: July 2024

The K isotopic offset of the sample-standard concentration mismatch is modulated by the injection rate.
Thermoelectric property enhancement of single-wall carbon nanotube network by ICl intercalation and filling: a first-principles study
Authors: Islam Md. Mafizul , Zubair Ahmed
Published: July 2024

We analyzed the impact of dopant orientation (intercalation and filling) on the thermoelectric property of ICl-doped (8,0) SWCNT network using first-principles calculations.
Unravelling the environmental degradation mechanism of perovskite thin films
Authors: V Nalini , Nagy Gergely N. , Rahaman Ariful , Kalpathy Sreeram K. , Thomas Tiju , T. P. Sumangala , Kahaly Mousumi Upadhyay
Published: July 2024

The susceptibility of these perovskites toward various atmospheric molecules under ambient conditions emphasizes its critical role in the perovskite’s structural distortion and subsequent chemical alterations.
Synthesis of diversely substituted pyridin-2(1H)-ones and in vivo evaluation of their anti-allodynic effect on cutaneous inflammatory mechanical allodynia
Authors: Frazier Théo , Murail Pauline , Boulangé Arthur , Chalane Nazim , Giraud Francis , Artola Alain , Dallel Radhouane , Anizon Fabrice , Moreau Pascale
Published: July 2024

New compounds were assessed for their ability to inhibit cutaneous mechanical allodynia in rats by using the capsaicin pain model.
Tuning the organic ligands to optimize the nitrogen reduction performance of Co(ii) or Ni(ii)-based MOFs
Authors: Qin Ling , Zhao Ying-Xin , Liu Qiang , An Jin-Long , Wang Han-Xi , Zhang Mao-Feng , Shi Cheng-Wu , Zheng He-Gen
Published: July 2024

The electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction to NH3 performance of five Co(Ni)-MOFs with a similar structure can be optimized significantly by adjusting the functional block of the pyridine-bridging ligands.
Cutting-edge developments in zinc oxide nanoparticles: synthesis and applications for enhanced antimicrobial and UV protection in healthcare solutions
Authors: Irede Egwonor Loveth , Awoyemi Raymond Femi , Owolabi Babatunde , Aworinde Omowunmi Rebecca , Kajola Rofiat Odunayo , Hazeez Ajibola , Raji Ayuba Adawale , Ganiyu Latifat Oluwatobi , Onukwuli Chimezie O. , Onivefu Asishana Paul , Ifijen Ikhazuagbe Hilary
Published: July 2024

This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advancements in utilizing zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) to enhance antimicrobial and UV protective properties in healthcare solutions.
The utilization of quantum dot labeling as a burgeoning technique in the field of biological imaging
Authors: Huang Shiyu , Huang Gangliang
Published: July 2024

Quantum dots (QDs), with their unique optical and physical properties, have revolutionized the field of biological imaging, providing researchers with tools to explore cellular processes and molecular interactions in unprecedented detail.
Cutting soft matter: scaling relations controlled by toughness, friction, and wear
Authors: Antarvedi Goda Bharath , Ma Zhenwei , Fregonese Stefano , Bacca Mattia
Published: July 2024

Cutting mechanics of soft solids is gaining rapid attention thanks to its promising benefits in material characterization and other applications.
Exceptionally dense and resilient critically jammed polydisperse disk packings
Authors: Kim Sangwoo , Hilgenfeldt Sascha
Published: July 2024

A continuous range of critical packing fraction in polydisperse disk packings can be efficiently constructed by bridging the energy landscape description down to the jamming point.
Double-crosslinkable poly(urethane)-based hydrogels relying on supramolecular interactions and light-initiated polymerization: promising tools for advanced applications in drug delivery
Authors: Torchio Alessandro , Boffito Monica , Laurano Rossella , Cassino Claudio , Lavella Mario , Ciardelli Gianluca
Published: July 2024

3D-printable and photo-curable poly(urethane)-based supramolecular hydrogels were developed. Furthermore, host–guest complexes and polymer amphiphilicity were successfully exploited for drug loading and protection.
Heparin binding induced supramolecular chirality into the self-assembly of perylenediimide bolaamphiphile
Authors: Sharma Poonam , Venugopal Akhil , Verdi Claudia Martínez , Roger Mauri Serra , Calò Annalisa , Kumar Mohit
Published: July 2024

Heparin, an anionic chiral biomolecule, binds to cationic achiral perylenediimide derivative to induce supramolecular helicity, forming chiral nanostructures in both aqueous and cell culture medium.
Effective transport properties of porous composites applied to MIEC SOC electrodes
Authors: Marmet Philip , Holzer Lorenz , Hocker Thomas , Boiger Gernot K. , Brader Joseph M.
Published: July 2024

The effect of composite conductivity and its implications for microstructure design are studied for a porous composite. Three semi-analytical models are suggested to predict the effective composite conductivity in an efficient and accurate way.
Androgen receptor post-translational modifications and their implications for pathology
Authors: Montoya-Novoa Inés , Gardeazábal-Torbado José Luis , Alegre-Martí Andrea , Fuentes-Prior Pablo , Estébanez-Perpiñá Eva
Published: July 2024

A major mechanism to modulate the biological activities of the androgen receptor (AR) involves a growing number of post-translational modifications (PTMs). In this review we summarise the current knowledge on the structural and functional impact of PTMs that affect this major transcription factor. Next, we discuss the cross-talk between these different PTMs and the presence of clusters of modified residues in the AR protein. Finally, we discuss the implications of these covalent modifications for the aetiology of diseases such as spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (Kennedy's disease) and prostate cancer, and the perspectives for pharmacological intervention.
Estimation and prediction method of lithium battery state of health based on ridge regression and gated recurrent unit
Authors: Dai Ziwei , Li Aikui , Sun Wei , Zhang Shenwu , Zhou Hao , Rao Ren , Luo Quan
Published: July 2024

The health state of lithium‐ion batteries is influenced by the operating conditions of energy storage stations and battery characteristics. It is challenging to obtain real‐time characterisation parameters like maximum discharge capacity and internal resistance. It is necessary to extract sensitivity indicators from electrical parameters such as voltage, current, and temperature. Utilising the Stanford‐MIT Research Institute battery dataset, this paper selects batteries with over 1000 cycles and five distinct charging and discharging strategies as samples. During the daily operation and maintenance of the energy storage station, health indicators are extracted from the voltage, current, and temperature curves within the state of charge range of 20%–80%. The ridge regression method is used to establish the health status estimation model. The gated recurrent unit (GRU) model is leveraged for health state prediction. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed health indicators effectively assess lithium battery health, the health state estimation errors mean absolute error (MAE) and root mean squared error (RMSE) based on the ridge regression model are within 1.5% and 2%, and the health state prediction errors MAE and RMSE based on GRU model are within 1%. This approach exhibits stability, high accuracy, and strong generalisation capabilities.
A combined technique for power transformer fault diagnosis based on k‐means clustering and support vector machine
Authors: Nanfak Arnaud , Hechifa Abdelmoumene , Eke Samuel , Lakehal Abdelaziz , Kom Charles Hubert , Ghoneim Sherif S. M.
Published: July 2024

This contribution presents a two‐step hybrid diagnostic approach, combining k‐means clustering for subset formation, followed by subset analysis conducted by human experts. As the feature input vector has a significant influence on the performance of unsupervised machine learning algorithms, seven feature input vectors derived from traditional methods, including Duval pentagon method, Rogers ratio method, three ratios technique, Denkyoken method, ensemble gas characteristics method, Duval triangle method, and Gouda triangle method were explored for the subset formation stage. The seven proposed individual methods, corresponding to the seven feature input vectors, were implemented using a dataset of 595 DGA samples and tested on an additional 254 DGA samples. Furthermore, a combined technique based on a support vector machine was introduced, utilising the diagnostic results of the individual methods as input features. From training and testing, with diagnostic outcomes of 91.09% and 90.94%, the combined technique demonstrated the highest overall diagnostic accuracies. Using the IEC TC10 database, the diagnosis accuracies of the proposed diagnostic methods were compared to existing methods of literature. From the results obtained, the combined technique outperformed the proposed individual methods and existing methods used for comparison.
Pulse‐level work state recognition of multifunction radar based on MC‐RSG
Authors: Qin Zijun , Ren Wenjuan , Yang Zhanpeng , Sun Xian
Published: July 2024

Accurate work state recognition of multifunction radar (MFR) is crucial in electronic warfare, as it helps understand the enemy's intention and evaluate potential threats. A pulse‐level work state recognition method of MFR based on the residual block with spatial attention connected gated recurrent unit by features using metric coding and correlative embedding (MC‐RSG) is proposed. Metric coding is designed to generate the distance vector with time of arrival, and the correlative embedding is performed on the distance vector and raw data features to increase the feature information by extracting feature information associated with the previous and subsequent pulses in each feature sequence, respectively. Besides, we make use of the model called RSG containing the residual block with spatial attention connected gated recurrent unit to learn the features of pulse sequences and identify the radar work state label of each pulse. The experimental work shows that the method is robust and has achieved up to 97% recognition accuracy on the test dataset under ideal observation conditions and 5% higher than the comparison network in high noise observation conditions.
RETRACTED: A novel cotton cleaning section design with innovative branched gears
Authors: Мamatova Dilrabo , Turgunov Muhammad Ali , Tyurin Igor , Nabiyev Abdumutal
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Dynamics of plants and non-quarantine organisms internal quarantine objects spread
Authors: Khayrullayev Muhriddin , Rajabova Gulkhayo
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Veterinary and sanitary assessment of rabbit meat when using the Zdravur feed additive
Authors: Smolentsev Sergey , Naumova Olga , Maksimovich Dina , Zhuravel Nina , Chernyshova Larisa , Semenova Svetlana , Krasovskaia Iuliia , Khasiyatullin Airat , Makaeva Alsu , Shlyamina Oksana
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Ultrafiltration of skim milk microfiltration permeate
Authors: Mamay Dmitriy , Babenyshev Sergey , Mamay Angelina , Lisitsyn Vyacheslav
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Sustainable fodder production: Southern phragmites in herbivorous fish feeds
Authors: Skokov Roman , Dugina Tatyana , Chernaya Elena
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Modern IT solutions for household waste management in the Arctic region
Authors: Borisov A.I.
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Expansion of Phalacrocorax carbo in reservoirs of the North-Eastern Kazakhstan
Authors: Zhumabekova Bibigul , Tarasovskaya Nataliya , Kabdolov Zharkyn , Tursunkhanov Kuat , Ibraev Daulet , Klimenko Mikhail
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Improving the efficiency of water use in agriculture by modelling the classification of groundwater quality
Authors: Rozhkova Alyona , Kukartsev Vladislav , Kvesko Mikhail , Suprun Elena , Andreev Vitaliy
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Environmental liability by example of counteracting land spoilage
Authors: Milova Irina , Oskin Egor
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Cost-effectiveness of development strategy implementation: Key metrics and analysis methods for successful enterprise management
Authors: Fedorova Natalya , Glinscaya Anna , Panfilov Ilia , Voronina Elena , Markovskaia Ella
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Problems of long-term care system implementation in the conditions of a psychoneurological residential institution
Authors: Lugovskaya Tatyana , Sokolova Elena , Medvedev Sergei , Petrova Ekaterina , Smirnova Lyudmila
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Specific thyroid status and iode supply in pregnant women in Yakutsk city and rural locations
Authors: Borisova N.V. , Malogulova I.Sh.
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Skin dose estimation in adults undergoing diagnostic chest X-ray examinations at Al-Zahra Teaching Hospital in Wasit Governorate, Iraq
Authors: Jassim Ali Saeed , Hamza Zahraa Saad , Mraity Hussien Abid Ali Bakir , Abojassim Ali Abid , Mousa Rana Fadhil
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001
RETRACTED: Russian economy and industry in decarbonization focus: Problems and solutions
Authors: Galaktionov Oleg , Sukhanov Yuri , Kuznetsov Aleksey , Vasilev Aleksey , Lukashevich Victor , Kuzmenkov Alexander
Published: July 2024

See the retraction notice BIO Web of Conferences 116, 00001 (2024), https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202411600001