bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Ship Performances CFD Analysis of Hydrofoil-Supported High-Speed Catamaran Hull Form
Authors: Ahmad Firdhaus  , Kiryanto  , Muhammad Luqman Hakim  , Good Rindo  , Muhammad Iqbal
Published: February 2024

Fast ferries with efficient fuel use are becoming increasingly in demand as fossil fuels become more in short supply and metropolises expand all over the globe in coastal and estuarine environments. These criteria need to be fulfilled by the Hydrofoil Supported Catamaran (HYSUCAT). A catamaran with wings between its demi hulls is known as an HYSUCAT, and it combines the positive traits of both the catamaran (manoeuvrability, big deck area) and the wing in-ground vehicle (excellent lift-to-drag ratio). In this research, a concept design Delft-372 catamaran is refitted with a high Reynolds number foil system to lower its overall resistance. The numerical solution of the Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) equations employing the k-w SST turbulence model is used to simulate the flow around a high-speed catamaran with a hydrofoil. According to the simulation findings, the hydrofoil-assisted catamaran was determined to be a viable alternative to the current catamaran. This is due to a significant decrease in the overall resistance of the ship, reaching up to 42%, as well as notable improvements in pitch angle, reaching up to 26%.
Enhancing Heat Transfer: Unraveling the Dynamics of Mixed Convection in a Vertical Porous Cavity
Authors: Gazy F. Al-Sumaily  , Salman Hussien Omran  , Amerah A. Radhi  , Hussain Ali Hussain  , Azher M. Abed  , Mohammed A. Fayad  , Miqdam Tariq Chaichan  , Hasanain A. Abdul Wahhab  , Louay Abd Al-Azez Mahdi
Published: February 2024

Mixed convection inside a vertical square porous cavity is investigated numerically, with special attention given to left-side heating. In the study, the importance of the problem, methods used, main results, conclusions, and novelty of the work are discussed. The Brinkmann-Forchheimer-Darcy coupled momentum equations and the Local Thermal Equilibrium energy (LTE) equation are solved using the finite volume technique. Several elemental parameters are investigated, including Reynolds number (50 × Re × 300), Darcy number (0.01 × Da × 100), Richardson number (0 × Ri × 30), and porosity (0.5 × ε ≥ 0.95). The thermal conductivity ratio of solid to liquid was (1<Kr<105), and the inlet port width between (0.05<d/H<0.3). Results show that Nusselt number increases with Reynolds number, Richardson number, and pore thermal conductivity. With increasing porosity, an inverse relationship was observed. Nusselt number was maximized by finding the optimal inlet aperture size (d/H = 0.25). It provides valuable insights into how different parameters affect mixed convection in vertical square porous cavities. Heat transfer processes in porous media are improved by these results. This work goes beyond previous efforts in the literature in exploring a wide parameter space and determining the optimal inlet aperture size.
Elucidating Optimal Exhaust Manifold Divergence and Temperature Distribution in Improving Low-End Engine Speed Performance
Authors: Girrimuniswar Ramasamy  , Zuradzman Mohamad Razlan  , Shahriman Abu Bakar  , Mohammad Afendi Rojan  , Azizul Aziz Ishak  , Muhammad Faiz Hilmi Rani  , Ng Yee Guan  , Rishan Murali  , Sukport Sunan  , Muhammmad Hussein Akbar Ali
Published: February 2024

The exhaust manifold plays a crucial role in optimizing the performance of Spark-Ignition (SI) engines by effectively expelling combustion products. This study focuses on the optimization of the exhaust manifold design and temperature distribution in a 115-cc single-cylinder SI engine. The objective is to investigate the association between the design characteristics of the exhaust manifold, particularly its divergence, and the engine's performance in terms of brake power. Using computer-aided design (CAD), a three-dimensional model of the exhaust manifold with reduced diameter was developed. The optimized design aimed to enhance the engine's overall performance by achieving lower temperatures, particularly at low-end speeds. Subsequently, a 1D engine study was conducted to evaluate the performance of the engine with the optimized exhaust manifold design and validate the improved temperature distribution. The results demonstrate that the optimized exhaust manifold design leads to higher brake power while maintaining lower temperatures, especially at low-end speeds. This highlights the importance of exhaust manifold optimization and temperature distribution in maximizing the efficiency of the selected SI engine. To further enhance the engine's performance, future research should focus on identifying the most appropriate value for the exhaust manifold's divergence. This will contribute to the ongoing development of more efficient and high-performance SI engines. The findings of this study provide valuable insights into the optimization of exhaust manifold design and temperature distribution for improved engine performance in the context of the tested engine.
Energy Measurement and Potential Energy Conservation Measures in Five Healthcare Buildings in Malaysia
Authors: Nurfatihah Rahim  , Asmai Fayyad Abd Samad  , Noramin Apandi  , Zamri Noranai  , Mahathir Mohamad  , Muhamad Ghazali Kamardan  , Saba Arif
Published: February 2024

Concern is growing around the world as a result of the global economy's overall rise in carbon emissions and energy consumption. The healthcare facility is among the buildings in the world with the highest energy use. Thus, it is necessary to create energy-saving plans that evaluate the energy performance of buildings and put energy-saving measures into practice. Enhancing building energy efficiency is most commonly achieved through a comprehensive energy audit. The Building Energy Index is the current method used to analyses all forms of building energy performance. The operating hours of a healthcare facility are longer than those of a commercial building. The issue emerges when there is no clear criterion for establishing whether or not a healthcare facility is energy efficient, and the present norm may misread healthcare energy consumption. To determine the actual onsite energy use at the healthcare building, a full energy audit is performed. Five places are selected based on the sort of healthcare services offered. According to the on-site complete energy audit, cooling equipment consumes the most energy. The study's findings may be divided into two categories: Healthcare Building Energy Index from detailed energy audit results and derived directly from power bills for the years 2018 and 2019. In terms of Healthcare Building Energy Index, there is a contrast between utilizing detailed energy audit data and using utility bills directly. Nonetheless, a comparison of Healthcare Building Energy Index with existing Malaysian requirements reveals a significant discrepancy. Based on the audit and analysis results, several savings opportunities may be presented.
KEPEMIMPINAN AHAB DALAM 1 RAJA-RAJA 21: 1-16 DALAM PERSPEKTIF HANNAH ARENDT TENTANG BANALITAS KEJAHATAN
Authors: Sihombing Jhon Ferdinand
Published: February 2024

Leadership is something that everyone should have. Good leadership will bring oneself or others towards the best goals. Not infrequently those who are called leaders actually make their people miserable. Make position as an opportunity to fulfill their heart's desire. Ahab is an example of a leader who does not protect his people, but allows the law to be manipulated for his pleasure. Methods or prevention are needed so that Ahab's form of leadership does not recur. This paper aims to explore Ahab's Leadership in Hannah Arendt's Perspective on the Banality of Evil by using qualitative methods and a library study approach. Through this paper, it can be concluded that Ahab is the perpetrator of the banality of evil because of ideology, shallow thinking and blind obedience. In Hannah Arendt's thought, everyone must think and critically evaluate all things that are inside and outside of human beings.
Evaluation of Noise Pollution for Four consecutive years throughout Nowruz festival in Dahok city, Iraq
Authors: Yousif Kamil
Published: February 2024

The study of noise pollution (NSP) is an important subject due to its environmental and health impacts. If the levels of noise prove to be above health criteria, there is a possibility that they may contribute to short- and long-term physiological & psychologically harmful effects. This study aimed to determine the spatial & temporal levels of NSP produced during the Nowruz festival (NZFS) in Duhok city (DKC), Iraq, for 4 consecutive years (2016–2019) and compare the noise levels during these periods. Also, to identify possible sources of noise to assist in the analysis of NSP problematic areas & determine if city noise criteria are exceeded. The noise level measurements were conducted using a sound level meter in 3 different areas of DKC. On Nowruz Eve, 2019, noise reached 102, 92.6, & 70.2 dB in residential, commercial, and silence zones, respectively. The overall study suggests that the city is gradually hurtling towards a high-noise ambience. Most of the results obtained in this work are above the limits allowed both internationally (i.e., the WHO) & locally. This is due to certain erroneous practices in daily activities during NZFS, the spread of electrical generators, as well as heavy traffic in the city. Also, this work could be help to publicize awareness about NSP among the people.
A Descentralização da política agrícola no Brasil
Authors: Belik Walter
Published: February 2024

O artigo apresenta o contexto da descentralização da política agrícola no Brasil.
Agricultura familiar no nordeste: um breve panorama dos seus ativos produtivos e da sua importância regional
Authors: Aquino Joacir Rufino de , Alves Maria Odete , Vidal Maria de Fátima
Published: February 2024

Tendo como referência principal os dados do Censo Agropecuário 2017 do IBGE, divulgados em outubro de 2019, apresenta-se um panorama atualizado da agricultura familiar nordestina, enfocando questões relativas a número de estabelecimentos, área ocupada, mão de obra ocupada, características tecnológicas, valor da produção, receitas, outras rendas e acesso a financiamentos, entre outras variáveis relevantes.
Accounting and Finance Professionals’ Perception on The Current State of The Accountancy Profession in South Africa
Authors: MDHLULI Sithandiwe , MKHIZE Msizi , PHESA MASIBULELE
Published: February 2024

Accountants, auditors, and other finance professionals have traditionally been well respected and held in high regard by the public. They are regarded as financial reporting overseers because they are responsible for ensuring that organisations follow relevant regulations and financial laws. Globally, accounting and finance professions have been tarnished by scandals involving intentional manipulation of financial information. The professional ethics of finance professionals are under scrutiny by the concerned public at large. This study is informed by the repercussions of these scandals and how they have influenced the public view of the profession. The quantitative approach was adopted, using systematic sampling. 165 accounting and finance professionals at government, corporate institutions and audit firms were considered. An anonymous online questionnaire was the instrument used for the collection of data. Majority of accountants and finance professionals agree are in consensus that they perceive themselves to have a strong knowledge of ethics. Further, also perceive their fellow accounting and finance professionals to be ethically responsible. Additionally, being a member of professional accounting body influences the ethical behaviour and professional conduct of accounting and finance professionals. Worth noting, considerable accountants and finance professionals face a substantial amount of pressure to compromise on ethics The study adds to the debate on the perception of accountants and finance professionals from their perspective. Further, ascertain the role that professional bodies play to nurture professionals be to inclined to ethical behavior so as to maintain positive perception about them and the profession.
AIRCRAFT HYDRAULIC DRIVE ENERGY LOSSES AND OPERATION DELAY ASSOCIATED WITH THE PIPELINE AND FITTING CONNECTIONS
Authors: Karpenko Mykola
Published: February 2024

Theoretical research on hydraulic processes occurring in aircraft hydraulic drives is presented in the studies. Installation of angular fitting connections in aircraft pipeline systems influences hydrodynamic processes and fluid flow characteristics analysed in the research. The provided analysis is based on a validated numerical model utilizing Navier–Stokes equations and the k-epsilon turbulence model. Fluid flow inside the aircraft hydraulic drive pipeline system was investigated with flow rates up to 100 l/min. A mesh independence study was conducted for numerical simulation of the fluid flow. The obtained results include fluid pressure drops, energy losses, and operational delays associated with fluid flow vortex formations at 45° and 90° angular fitting connections. Additionally, compared results from standard methods of calculation for angular fitting connections, including the equivalent length and equivalent length same shape methods.
Orbital and Absolute Magnitude Distribution of Jupiter Trojans
Authors: Vokrouhlický David , Nesvorný David , Brož Miroslav , Bottke William F. , Deienno Rogerio , Fuls Carson D. , Shelly Frank C.
Published: February 2024

Jupiter Trojans (JTs) librate about the Lagrangian stationary centers L4 and L5 associated with this planet on typically small-eccentricity and moderate-inclination heliocentric orbits. The physical and orbital properties of JTs provide important clues about the dynamical evolution of the giant planets in the early solar system, as well as populations of planetesimals in their source regions. Here we use decade-long observations from the Catalina Sky Survey (station G96) to determine the bias-corrected orbital and magnitude distributions of JTs. We distinguish the background JT population, filling smoothly the long-term stable orbital zone about L4 and L5 points and collisional families. We find that the cumulative magnitude distribution of JTs (the background population in our case) has a steep slope for H ≤ 9, followed by a moderately shallow slope until H ≃ 14.5, beyond which the distribution becomes even shallower. At H = 15 we find a local power-law exponent 0.38 ± 0.01. We confirm the asymmetry between the magnitude-limited background populations in L4 and L5 clouds characterized by a ratio 1.45 ± 0.05 for H < 15. Our analysis suggests an asymmetry in the inclination distribution of JTs, with the L4 population being tighter and the L5 population being broader. We also provide a new catalog of the synthetic proper elements for JTs with an updated identification of statistically robust families (9 at L4, and 4 at L5). The previously known Ennomos family is found to consist of two overlapping Deiphobus and Ennomos families.
Discovery of Astrometric Accelerations by Dark Companions in the Globular Cluster ω Centauri
Authors: Platais Imants , Sahlmann Johannes , Girardi Léo , Kozhurina-Platais Vera , Kamann Sebastian , Pourbaix Dimitri , Wragg Florence , Lemson Gerard , Mitschang Arik
Published: February 2024

We present results from the search for astrometric accelerations of stars in ω Centauri using 13 yr of regularly scheduled Hubble Space Telescope WFC3/UVIS calibration observations in the cluster core. The high-precision astrometry of ∼160,000 sources was searched for significant deviations from linear proper motion. This led to the discovery of four cluster members and one foreground field star with compelling acceleration patterns. We interpreted them as the result of the gravitational pull by an invisible companion and determined preliminary Keplerian orbit parameters, including the companion’s mass. For the cluster members, our analysis suggests periods ranging from 8.8 to 19+ yr and dark companions in the mass range of ∼0.7 to ∼1.4M
☉. At least one companion could exceed the upper mass boundary of white dwarfs and can be classified as a neutron star candidate.
The Near-infrared Extinction Law at High and Low Galactic Latitudes
Authors: Butler Robert E. , Salim Samir
Published: February 2024

The Milky Way dust extinction curve in the near-infrared (NIR) follows a power-law form, but the value of the slope, β
NIR, is debated. Systematic variations in the slope of the Milky Way UV extinction curve are known to be correlated with variations in the optical slope (through R

V
), but whether such a dependence extends to the NIR is unclear. Finally, because of low dust column densities, the NIR extinction law is poorly understood at high Galactic latitudes where most extragalactic work takes place. In this paper, we construct extinction curves from 56,649 stars with Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and Two Micron All Sky Survey photometry, based on stellar parameters from SDSS spectra. We use dust maps to identify dust-free stars, from which we calibrate the relation between stellar parameters and intrinsic colors. Furthermore, to probe the low-dust regime at high latitudes, we use aggregate curves based on many stars. We find no systematic variation of β
NIR across low-to-moderate dust columns (0.02 < E(B − V) ≲ 1), and report average β
NIR = 1.85 ± 0.01, in agreement with the law in the 2019 Fitzpatrick et al. study, but steeper than the Cardelli et al. and 1999 Fitzpatrick laws. Star-to-star scatter in β
NIR is relatively small (σ(β
NIR) = 0.13). We also find no intrinsic correlation between β
NIR and R

V
(there is an apparent correlation that is the result of the correlated uncertainties in the two values). These results hold for typical sightlines; we do not probe very dusty regions near the Galactic Center, nor rare sightlines with R

V
> 4. Finally, we find R

H
= 0.345 ± 0.007 and comment on its bearing on Cepheid calibrations and the determination of H
0.
Thermal Effects of Ambipolar Diffusion during the Gravitational Collapse of a Radiative Cooling Filament
Authors: Gholipour Mahmoud
Published: February 2024

In this study, we consider the effects of ambipolar diffusion during the gravitational collapse of a radiative cooling filamentary molecular cloud. Two separate configurations of magnetic field, i.e., axial and toroidal, are considered in the presence of the ambipolar diffusion for a radiative cooling filament. These configurations lead to two different formulations of the problem. The filament is radiatively cooled and heated by ambipolar diffusion in both cases of magnetic field configurations. The self-similar method is used to solve the obtained equations in each case. We found that the adiabatic exponent and ambipolar diffusivity play very important roles during the gravitational collapse of a cooling filament. The results show that the ambipolar heating significantly increases the temperature in the middle regions of a cooling filament. Furthermore, we found that the ambipolar diffusion has very important effects during the collapse, so that its heating effect is dominant over its dynamical effect in the middle regions of a cooling filament. The obtained results also address some regions where the rate of star formation is more or less compared to the observational reports.
Surveying the Giant H ii Regions of the Milky Way with SOFIA. VI. NGC 3603
Authors: De Buizer James M. , Lim Wanggi , Karnath Nicole , Radomski James T.
Published: February 2024

We present our sixth set of results from our mid-infrared imaging survey of Milky Way Giant H ii regions with our detailed analysis of NGC 3603, the most luminous giant H ii (GH ii) region in the Galaxy. We used imaging data from the FORCAST instrument on the Stratospheric Observatory For Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA) at 20 and 37 μm, which mapped the central ∼8.′5 × 8.′5 infrared-emitting area of NGC 3603 at a spatial resolution of ≲3″. Utilizing these SOFIA data in conjunction with multiwavelength observations from the near-infrared to radio, including Spitzer-IRAC and Herschel-PACS archival data, we investigate the physical nature of individual infrared sources and subcomponents within NGC 3603. For individual compact sources, we used the multiwavelength photometry data to construct spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and fit them with massive young stellar object (MYSO) SED models, and find 14 sources that are likely to be MYSOs. We also detect dust emission from the 3 massive proplyd candidates, as well as from the disk and outflow of the evolved blue supergiant, Sher 25. Utilizing multiwavelength data, we derived luminosity-to-mass ratio and virial parameters for the star-forming clumps within NGC 3603, estimating their relative ages and finding that NGC 3603 is an older GH ii region overall, compared to our previously studied GH ii regions. We discuss how NGC 3603, which we categorize as a cavity-type GH ii region, exhibits a more modest number of MYSOs and molecular clumps when compared to the distributed-type GH ii regions that share similar Lyman continuum photon rates.
Galaxies Going Bananas: Inferring the 3D Geometry of High-redshift Galaxies with JWST-CEERS
Authors: Pandya Viraj , Zhang 张 Haowen 昊文 , Huertas-Company Marc , Iyer Kartheik G. , McGrath Elizabeth , Barro Guillermo , Finkelstein Steven L. , Kümmel Martin , Hartley William G. , Ferguson Henry C. , Kartaltepe Jeyhan S. , Primack Joel , Dekel Avishai , Faber Sandra M. , Koo David C. , Bryan Greg L. , Somerville Rachel S. , Amorín Ricardo O. , Arrabal Haro Pablo , Bagley Micaela B. , Bell Eric F. , Bertin Emmanuel , Costantin Luca , Davé Romeel , Dickinson Mark , Feldmann Robert , Fontana Adriano , Gavazzi Raphael , Giavalisco Mauro , Grazian Andrea , Grogin Norman A. , Guo Yuchen , Hahn ChangHoon , Holwerda Benne W. , Kewley Lisa J. , Kirkpatrick Allison , Kocevski Dale D. , Koekemoer Anton M. , Lotz Jennifer M. , Lucas Ray A. , Papovich Casey , Pentericci Laura , Pérez-González Pablo G. , Pirzkal Nor , Ravindranath Swara , Rose Caitlin , Schefer Marc , Simons Raymond C. , Straughn Amber N. , Tacchella Sandro , Trump Jonathan R. , de la Vega Alexander , Wilkins Stephen M. , Wuyts Stijn , Yang Guang , Yung L. Y. Aaron
Published: February 2024

The 3D geometries of high-redshift galaxies remain poorly understood. We build a differentiable Bayesian model and use Hamiltonian Monte Carlo to efficiently and robustly infer the 3D shapes of star-forming galaxies in James Webb Space Telescope Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science observations with

log

M

*

/

M

⊙

=
9.0
–
10.5

at z = 0.5–8.0. We reproduce previous results from the Hubble Space Telescope Cosmic Assembly Near-infrared Deep Extragalactic Legacy Survey in a fraction of the computing time and constrain the mean ellipticity, triaxiality, size, and covariances with samples as small as ∼50 galaxies. We find high 3D ellipticities for all mass–redshift bins, suggesting oblate (disky) or prolate (elongated) geometries. We break that degeneracy by constraining the mean triaxiality to be ∼1 for

log

M

*

/

M

⊙

=
9.0
–
9.5

dwarfs at z > 1 (favoring the prolate scenario), with significantly lower triaxialities for higher masses and lower redshifts indicating the emergence of disks. The prolate population traces out a “banana” in the projected

b

/

a
–
log
a

diagram with an excess of low-b/a, large-

log
a

galaxies. The dwarf prolate fraction rises from ∼25% at z = 0.5–1.0 to ∼50%–80% at z = 3–8. Our results imply a second kind of disk settling from oval (triaxial) to more circular (axisymmetric) shapes with time. We simultaneously constrain the 3D size–mass relation and its dependence on 3D geometry. High-probability prolate and oblate candidates show remarkably similar Sérsic indices (n ∼ 1), nonparametric morphological properties, and specific star formation rates. Both tend to be visually classified as disks or irregular, but edge-on oblate candidates show more dust attenuation. We discuss selection effects, follow-up prospects, and theoretical implications.
An Excess of Active Galactic Nuclei Triggered by Galaxy Mergers in MaNGA Galaxies of Stellar Mass ∼1011
M
⊙
Authors: Comerford Julia M. , Nevin Rebecca , Negus James , Barrows R. Scott , Eracleous Michael , Müller-Sánchez Francisco , Roy Namrata , Stemo Aaron , Storchi-Bergmann Thaisa , Wylezalek Dominika
Published: February 2024

To facilitate new studies of galaxy-merger-driven fueling of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), we present a catalog of 387 AGNs that we have identified in the final population of over 10,000 z < 0.15 galaxies observed by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey-IV (SDSS-IV) integral field spectroscopy survey Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA). We selected the AGNs via mid-infrared Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer colors, Swift/Burst Alert Telescope ultra-hard X-ray detections, NRAO Very Large Array Sky Survey and Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty centimeters radio observations, and broad emission lines in SDSS spectra. By combining the MaNGA AGN catalog with a new SDSS catalog of galaxy mergers that were identified based on a suite of hydrodynamical simulations of merging galaxies, we study the link between galaxy mergers and nuclear activity for AGNs above a limiting bolometric luminosity of 1044.4 erg s−1. We find an excess of AGNs in mergers, relative to nonmergers, for galaxies with stellar mass ∼1011
M
⊙, where the AGN excess is somewhat stronger in major mergers than in minor mergers. Further, when we combine minor and major mergers and sort by merger stage, we find that the highest AGN excess occurs in post-coalescence mergers in the highest-mass galaxies. However, we find no evidence of a correlation between galaxy mergers and AGN luminosity or accretion rate. In summary, while galaxy mergers overall do appear to trigger or enhance AGN activity more than nonmergers, they do not seem to induce higher levels of accretion or higher luminosities. We provide the MaNGA AGN Catalog and the MaNGA Galaxy Merger Catalog for the community here.
Prospects for Probing the Interaction between Dark Energy and Dark Matter Using Gravitational-wave Dark Sirens with Neutron Star Tidal Deformation
Authors: Li Tian-Nuo , Jin Shang-Jie , Li Hai-Li , Zhang Jing-Fei , Zhang Xin
Published: February 2024

Gravitational wave (GW) standard siren observations provide a rather useful tool to explore the evolution of the Universe. In this work, we wish to investigate whether dark sirens with neutron star (NS) deformation from third-generation GW detectors could help probe the interaction between dark energy and dark matter. We simulate the GW dark sirens of four detection strategies based on 3 yr observation and consider four phenomenological interacting dark energy (IDE) models to perform cosmological analysis. We find that GW dark sirens could provide tight constraints on Ωm and H
0 in the four IDE models but do not perform well in constraining the dimensionless coupling parameter β in models of the interaction proportional to the energy density of cold dark matter. Nevertheless, the parameter degeneracy orientations of cosmic microwave background (CMB) and GW are almost orthogonal, and thus, the combination of them could effectively break cosmological parameter degeneracies, with the constraint errors of β being 0.00068–0.018. In addition, we choose three typical equations of state (EoSs) of an NS, i.e., SLy, MPA1, and MS1, to investigate the effect of an NS’s EoS on cosmological analysis. The stiffer EoS could give tighter constraints than the softer EoS. Nonetheless, the combination of CMB and GW dark sirens (using different EoSs of an NS) shows basically the same constraint results of cosmological parameters. We conclude that the dark sirens from 3G GW detectors would play a crucial role in helping probe the interaction between dark energy and dark matter, and the CMB+GW results are basically not affected by the EoS of an NS.
Radial Distribution of Electron Quasi-thermal Noise in the Outer Heliosphere
Authors: Li 李 Yi-Lun 逸伦 , Chen 陈 Ling 玲 , Wu De 吴 Jin 德金
Published: February 2024

Voyager 1 and 2 are only the two spacecraft that have arrived and passed through the heliospheric boundaries. Based on the plasma data from the Voyager 2 spacecraft, the electron quasi-thermal noise (QTN) is investigated by using of the electron population model consisting of a core with Maxwellian distribution and a halo with kappa distribution. The power spectra of the electron QTN is calculated at different heliocentric distances from 1 to 110 au. The parametric dependence of the QTN power spectra and the effective Debye length on the model parameters, such as the density ratio and temperature ratio of the halo to the core, kappa index and the antenna length, are discussed further. The results show that the electron QTN spectrum consists of a plateau in the low frequency band f < f

pt
, a prominent peak at the plasma frequency f

pt
, and a rapid decreasing part in the high frequency band f > f

pt
. The QTN plateau level basically falls down outwards until the termination shock crossing at about 84 au, after which the plateau rebounds a little near the heliopause. Although the model parameters can be very variable, the QTN plateau level does not present more than the double change in a fairly wide range of the model parameters. The presented results can be useful for future deep-space explorations in the heliosphere and can provide valuable references for the design of onboard detectors.
On the Possibility of an Upper Limit on Magnetically Induced Radius Inflation in Low-mass Stars
Authors: MacDonald J. , Mullan D. J.
Published: February 2024

The radii of low-mass stars are observed to be inflated above standard model predictions, especially in magnetically active stars. Typically, the empirical relative radius inflations ΔR/R are ≤10% but in (rare) cases may be ≥20%. Our magneto-convective stellar models have already replicated many empirical ΔR/R values. Here, we ask: is there any theoretical upper limit on the amount of such inflation? We use our magneto-convective model to compute ΔR/R using empirically plausible values of the surface field strength parameter δ. Inside each model, the maximum internal field is set to a particular value: B
ceil = 10, or 100 kG, or 1 MG. When B
ceil = 10 kG, peak inflation with ΔR/R ≈ 90% occurs in stars with masses of 0.7 M
⊙. With B
ceil = 100 kG, peak inflation with ΔR/R ≈ 140% occurs in stars with M ≈ 0.5 M
⊙. But with B
ceil = 1 MG, we find no peak in ΔR/R as a function of δ; instead, the larger δ is, the larger ΔR/R becomes, reaching 300%–350% in the case of the largest δ considered. Thus, magneto-convective modeling can accommodate ΔR/R values which are considerably larger than any reported empirical inflations. We find that a maximum occurs in ΔR/R as a function of δ only in model stars where the field reaches its maximum strength B
ceil inside the convective envelope. Moreover, our models of completely convective stars undergo smaller amounts of relative radius inflation than models with radiative cores, a result consistent with some previous reports.
Checklist of the marine malacofauna of Culuccia Peninsula (NW Sardinia, Italy), with notes on relevant species
Authors: Mariottini Paolo , Smriglio Carlo , Oliverio Marco , Rossi Sabrina , Di Giulio Andrea
Published: February 2024

Culuccia is a small peninsula of about 3 km2 placed in north-western Sardinia (Italy) at the margin of the Maddalena Archipelago. The marine area surrounding this Peninsula is a Special Area of Conservation, included in the European Natura 2000 Ecological Network of protected areas, but until now, no information on biodiversity of this area is available. In 2021, a research project to study both terrestrial and marine biodiversity of Culuccia has started in order to fill this gap of knowledge.

This work provides the first inventory of the marine malacofauna of the coast of Culuccia. Fifteen sites were sampled seasonally for one-year by using different sampling methods and the present study shows the results from approximately 50 scientific SCUBA and free dive surveys, carried out in all main marine habitats of the studied area. In total, 259 species of molluscs were recorded along the coasts of the Culuccia Peninsula (0-25 m depth), belonging to the classes Bivalvia, Gastropoda, Polyplacophora and Scaphopoda. Amongst the four classes recorded, gastropods were the most represented (68.83%; 173 species), followed by bivalves (25.91%; 73 species), polyplacophorans (4.86%; 12 species) and scapophods (0.40%; 1 species). Notes about distribution, conservation status and ecology for some valuable species are provided, together with images of representative species, consisting mainly of in situ photographs. Additionally, the present investigation recorded the presence of four alien species, whose Mediterranean distribution was extended to north-western Sardinia.
Short-term clinical outcomes of percutaneous biliary tract interventions: analysis of success and complication rates
Authors: Todorov Iliya , Trayanova Daniela , Tsenovski Yordan
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Obstructive jaundice is a clinical syndrome that is commonly seen in gastroenterology. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) has been recognized as a first-choice therapeutic approach, with percutaneous biliary interventions (PBIs) being a viable alternative. Recent data questions the performance and safety profile of PBIs.

Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess retrospectively the short-term clinical outcomes of PBIs in terms of technical and clinical success and adverse events (AEs) rate.

Patients and methods: This is a retrospective, single-center cohort study of 62 consecutive patients subjected to PBI between January 2019 and August 2022.

Results: Technical and clinical success rates of 97.10% and 79.40%, respectively were established. No PBI showed statistically significant superiority over the others. None of the evaluated factors showed significant influence on the therapeutic outcome and AEs. A total AE rate of 26.5% was calculated. All AEs were moderate to severe (grade III-IV according the Clavien-Dindo system). The mean hospital stay was 7.11±3.68 days. A total of 44.1% of the patients required multiple admissions.

Existing studies establish similarly high technical (75%-100%) and acceptable clinical (84%) success rates. Alarmingly high AEs incidence of almost 50% has been found in recently published studies. Infection was the most common adverse event we found in our study. Almost universally, PBIs are used as salvage techniques in patients with malignant disease, failed prior ERCP, and poor performance status.

Conclusion: PBIs remain a viable option to ERCP, but stricter patient selection and a gradual transition to EUS-guided draining procedures are likely required.
L’éco-anxiété, et les victimes du changement climatique. Perspectives psychologiques et juridiques
Authors: Weiss Karine , Canali Laura
Published: February 2024

L’éco-anxiété, notion apparue il y a une quinzaine d’années dans les médias et la littérature scientifique, a fait peu à peu son entrée au sein des prétoires où les victimes des changements climatiques se saisissent de cette notion afin de rendre visible leur anxiété de vivre dans un monde dégradé. Toutefois, dans le champ académique de la psychiatrie cette notion reste encore largement à construire. Cet article entend alors définir la notion et présenter les principales questions concernant les symptômes de cette anxiété, sur l’existence d’un diagnostic psychiatrique ou encore de l’existence de possibles traitements. Ensuite, la question placée sur le terrain du droit n’est plus celle de savoir si l’éco-anxiété existe, mais de sonder si l’éco-anxiété pourrait être qualifiée de préjudice. Le droit français ne limitant pas les catégories de préjudices réparables, une réponse positive peut en théorie être rapportée. Cependant, d’autres interrogations se font jour comme celle de la possibilité technique d’une réparation en nature ou financière par le juge ou encore de l’opportunité tant pour les victimes que pour le système juridique d’ouvrir droit à la réparation de ce préjudice en construction.
Un an après le mouvement Mahsa en Iran ; les acquis, les espoirs et les regrets d’une éco-résistance féminine
Authors: Salimikouchi Ebrahim
Published: February 2024

Cet article tente d’analyser le mouvement Mahsa (mouvement des Iraniennes contre le système politique des mollah) en utilisant une approche semi-écologique. Les Iraniennes, en particulier les générations récentes, sont engagées depuis de nombreuses années dans une résistance civile créative pour défendre une existence plus libre et plus humaine. Depuis de nombreuses années, elles ont bien compris que la libération du corps, la liberté du choix vestimentaire et du mode de vie des femmes est un prélude nécessaire à la liberté de la société. Cela fait des années qu’elles descendent dans la rue avec des chiens, des vélos et d’autres éléments non islamiques et contraires aux normes pour changer la face de la vie. Le mouvement Mahsa montre que cette approche culturelle et écologique intelligente a largement réussi. Depuis un an, elles essaient de mener à bien ce projet émancipateur avec des revendications claires et une désobéissance civile plus large sous forme de manifestations. Ce mouvement reste donc le mouvement de protestation le plus étendu et le plus efficace des Iraniens contre l’un des systèmes politiques les plus antihumains et anti-vie. Cela apporte encore de nombreux espoirs et leçons, en particulier aux femmes de la région turbulente du Moyen-Orient. Mais en plus de ces espoirs, il est aussi un révélateur de l’indifférence et du conservatisme du monde d’aujourd’hui. Le monde n’a pas soutenu les Iraniennes autant qu’il le devrait. Elles étaient plus seules que jamais ; seules mais pleins d’espoir et convaincues qu’elles sont en train d’essayer de sauver le capital le plus précieux de l’humanité et de la démocratie : la vie.
La loi du champ faible. L’invention des droits internationaux à l’assurance sociale durant l’entre-deux-guerres
Authors: Fertikh Karim
Published: February 2024

Avant la Seconde Guerre mondiale, les assurances sociales tombent sous l’empire du droit international. La protection qu’elles offrent au « peuple international » constitué par les migrants est fragmentaire, chicanière et dictée par des considérations géopolitiques. Cependant, un « très petit nombre d’initiés », au sein des administrations nationales – en particulier, dans cet article, des commissions administratives françaises en charge de la politique d’immigration – et internationales forgent des instruments juridiques propres à garantir à certains étrangers des droits (limités) aux assurances sociales. En se basant sur des archives (Quai d’Orsay, Archives nationales, Bureau international du Travail, etc.) et en se centrant sur le cas français, cet article analyse la formation de ce droit international de l’entre-deux-guerres en mobilisant le concept de champ faible. Il montre que ce droit, initialement inventé sur le mode de la « libéralité », finit par soumettre l’administration à la logique du droit international. Inscrite dans un espace de contraintes où s’affrontent des virtuoses du droit, l’administration nationale donne à ces droits internationaux aux assurances et à l’assistance sociales une force contraignante.
Les droits sociaux au prisme des étrangers. L’accès aux prestations non contributives et à l’aide sociale en France (1949-1958)
Authors: Canepa Giacomo
Published: February 2024

Cet article analyse le problème de la territorialité des droits sociaux à travers les mécanismes d’inclusion et d’exclusion des différents groupes d’étrangers dans les accords internationaux signés par la France entre la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale et l’établissement du marché unique européen (1949-1958). Il analyse en particulier les différences de traitement entre droits assurantiels et prestations non contributives et d’aide sociale. Malgré les extensions consenties, ces dernières ont continué à différencier les étrangers entre eux et à exclure certains groupes, posant ainsi la question des modes de légitimation de l’accès aux différents droits sociaux par les États nationaux.
Protéger les ouvriers belges du Nord de la France, de la fin du XIX e siècle aux années 1950
Authors: Marissal Claudine
Published: February 2024

Durant la première moitié du XX e  siècle, des dizaines de milliers de travailleurs belges franchissaient chaque année la frontière pour trouver de l’emploi dans le Nord de la France. Dans une région frontalière où de fortes relations de dépendance existaient avec le pays voisin, ils accédaient généralement à l’aube du XX e  siècle aux organismes de bienfaisance et de prévoyance qui agissaient au niveau local. Mais pas tous, ni aux mêmes conditions que les indigents français. La misère guettait notamment ceux et celles qui, qualifiés de saisonniers et de frontaliers, continuaient à résider en Belgique et ne pouvaient dès lors accéder à la protection sociale française. Confrontées à leur précarité, des associations de terrain, des organisations ouvrières et des localités frontalières belges se sont alors mobilisées pour assurer leur protection et obtenir leur inclusion dans les nouvelles législations sociales françaises.
‪Traces of solidarity: performing artists’ efforts against individualisation and isolation during Covid-19 pandemic‪
Authors: Naclerio Emanuela
Published: February 2024

En partant de l’étude des intermittent.es du spectacle italien.nes pendant la crise sanitaire en avril 2020, ce travail contribue aux recherches contemporaines sur l’individualisation et sur les formes émergentes de coopération. En s’appuyant sur une approche ethnographique, à la fois numérique et traditionnelle, l’article analyse les stratégies collectives et intersubjectives adoptées par les travailleurs.euses afin de questionner les pratiques de travail exploitantes et individualisées. En dépit de l’interprétation dominante du travail créatif en tant que projet solitaire et entrepreneurial, l’étude de cas montre comment dans le cadre d’une crise radicale, des expériences de travail fragmentées peuvent être recomposées en sollicitant ainsi la mise en œuvre de stratégies de coopération. L’analyse proposée démontre comment, dans les mois qui ont suivi la crise pandémique, les liens affectifs et émotionnels des intermittent.es se sont avérés cruciaux pour faire face au contexte d’isolement social ainsi que pour transformer les vécus subjectifs du travail dans une forme de prise de conscience collective.
‪Enseigner à penser critiquement ‪‪pour intervenir socialement‪
Authors: Motoi Ina
Published: February 2024

D’autre part, plusieurs angles de vue, et surtout pas un seul, s’ouvrent sur les mêmes situations. Différentes modalités de réflexivité ou perspectives critiques sont enseignées pour comprendre les personnes à accompagner et ne pas leur imposer un dogme posé comme seule vérité ou raisonnement possible : la pratique réflexive, la conscientisation, la critique sociale, la pensée critique dialogique et la délibération éthique (Motoi, 2014, 2016, 2020). Le rôle critique de chacune se complexifie en s’approfondissant par la continuation de l’une dans l’autre. Dans ce sens, ces perspectives rendent visibles « la contradiction ample entre rectitude politique et pensée critique », et « la tension forte entre liberté de pensée [et de conscience] et justice administré » (Motoi, 2014, p. 8). Elles s’appuient sur deux cheminements de la pensée qui participent à la construction du rapport direct de l’étudiant au savoir : le cheminement d’une pensée naïve à une pensée réflexive et celui d’une pensée réflexive à une pensée critique dialogique. Ce qui en découle, « n’est pas un produit ou un résultat, mais un processus » (Daniel, dans Kpazaï, 2015, p. 49) d’une pensée réflexive qui cherche à saisir son contexte d’émergence sociohistorique et à se développer comme pensée critique dialogique qui est intersubjective. Ce qui lie les individus cognitivement, mais aussi socialement. Ce qui est aussi posé comme une responsabilité citoyenne partagée en travail social.
La « régulation des consommations » en addictologie : vers un nouveau paradigme socio-éducatif ?
Authors: Dutilleul Brandon
Published: February 2024

Cet article souhaite rendre compte de la pertinence d'un changement de paradigme en addictologie en s’appuyant sur une dimension socio-éducative. Après avoir longtemps considéré l'addiction comme une maladie et l'abstinence comme seul moyen de traiter l’addiction, il semble aujourd'hui important de reconnaître certains effets d'efficience thérapeutique contrastés que ces approches induisent. À l'heure d'une reconsidération de cette philosophie d’accompagnement, déjà engagée par d'autres, il nous semble important de requestionner la place du choix dans les stratégies d’accompagnement proposées et la présence des consommations dans les parcours de vie. L’approche par la « régulation des consommations » permet justement de réintégrer le sens que les acteurs accordent à l’expérience vécue et singulière de leur(s) consommation(s).
Protéger les enquêtes, mais à quelles conditions ?
Authors: Bendjaballah Selma , Garcia Guillaume , Sauger Nicolas
Published: February 2024

L’article revient sur l’expérience du Centre de données socio-politiques (CDSP) en matière d’anonymisation de données d’enquête en sociologie et en science politique depuis une quinzaine d’années. À partir de retours sur quelques cas typiques, l’article approfondit les dilemmes et difficultés rencontrés lorsqu’il faut préparer, en vue de leur diffusion, des matériaux d’enquête – principalement obtenus par questionnaire ou par entretiens – pour le compte des chercheurs déposants, à destination de la communauté scientifique et académique dans son ensemble, étudiants compris. À partir de cette expérience, l’article questionne les implications du mouvement d’ouverture des données en termes disciplinaires, méthodologiques, éthiques ou de ressources humaines.
Beyond the surface: unraveling global health curriculum insights through interviews of learners and educators using the CIPP model
Authors: Lee Yoonjung , Park Jayoung , Kim Woong-Han , Shin Jwa-Seop , Yoon Hyun Bae
Published: February 2024

Purpose: Our study aimed to delve beyond a surface-level understanding and explore the various dimensions of the global health curriculum from the perspective of both learners and educators using the Context, Input, Process, and Product (CIPP) model.Methods: From 2020 to 2021, interviews were conducted with a total of 10 individuals, including five students who had taken at least one elective course and at least one elective research course, three teaching assistants (TA), and two faculty members who had taken more than four global health courses in multiple phases in the global health curriculum. Semi-structured interview questions based on the CIPP model were used and qualitative data were analyzed through content analysis.Results: The study identified 12 sub-themes. Students held idealized views of global health careers and sought to bridge the gap through global health classes. They desired early exposure to global health courses, emphasizing both pre-medical and clinical phases. Challenges in adjusting course difficulty and recruiting faculty were identified, along with a preference for interactive teaching methods and offline discussions. The curriculum promoted reflection on medicine’s essence, expanded career perspectives, and emphasized competencies like altruism, communication skills, and crisis management in the evolving global health landscape.Conclusion: This study showed that a comprehensive approach is possible from the perspective of learners and educators by identifying strengths, weaknesses, and the value of the curriculum’s goals, plans, implementations, and results through the CIPP model. For optimal curriculum design, a sequential approach from basic to advanced courses is essential, promoting hands-on global health experiences for students.