bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Corporate Governance as an Area of Innovation: Challenges and Prospects in Environmental Policy
Authors:   Department of Management, Public Administration and Personnel, West Ukrainian National University, Ternopil, Ukraine  Email: shkMykha@ukr.net, Shkilniak Mykhailo , Monastyrskyi Grygorii ,   Department of Management, Public Administration and Personnel, West Ukrainian National University, Ternopil, Ukraine  Email: g.monastyrskyi@meta.ua, Kryvokulska Nataliia ,   Department of Management, Public Administration and Personnel, West Ukrainian National University, Ternopil, Ukraine  Email: kryvokulska_n@outlook.com, Kotys Nataliya ,   Department of Management, Public Administration and Personnel, West Ukrainian National University, Ternopil, Ukraine  Email: nataliyakotys@meta.ua, Chykalo Inna ,   Department of Management, Public Administration and Personnel, West Ukrainian National University, Ternopil, Ukraine  Email: innachykalo@hotmail.com
Published: December 2024

The research relevance is determined by the need to study the role of corporate governance in promoting the innovative development of enterprises to promote environmental protection. The study aims to analyse the relationship between corporate governance and innovation processes, identify factors influencing the success of innovation initiatives within companies, and propose strategies for enhancing innovation management. Utilising synthesis, system analysis, and modelling methods, the study highlights that effective corporate governance for sustainability requires integrating environmental goals into strategic planning, fostering stakeholder collaboration, and implementing advanced risk assessment tools. The findings indicate that companies recognising the strategic significance of innovation and embedding it within their business strategies achieve substantial advantages in attaining strategic success. Businesses that actively innovate should be prepared to manage the risks associated with market volatility, technological change, and failure of innovation projects. Companies that cultivate an environment of open idea exchange, teamwork and collaboration are more likely to innovate and implement solutions efficiently. It is important to integrate the risk assessment and control system into the corporate structure, which ensures the stability and efficiency of the innovation process. The value of the obtained results lies in the identification of key aspects of innovation management and the formation of practical recommendations for integrating these insights into corporate strategy to enhance the effectiveness of corporate governance.
Carbon Tax as a Climate Solution: Feasibility and Impacts for India’s Sustainable Future
Authors:   VIT School of Law, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, India  Email: esakkiammal.k@vit.ac.in, Ammal K. Esakki
Published: December 2024

Humanity's biggest worries right now are climate change and growing greenhouse gas emissions. The year 2019 was very terrible for Earth. A number of wildfires in the Arctic area, the Australian blaze, and the Amazon rainforest fire were all caused by the extraordinary increase in air temperatures and roaring heat. The world community has decided to act because it recognizes the urgency. Carbon reduction targets have been set by the majority of nations as part of the Paris Climate Agreement and India is not an exception. The Paris Agreement's total mitigation objectives seem insufficient; therefore, nations have begun looking at other ways to reduce carbon emissions. Several economists believe that the most realistic and cost-effective way to slow down climate change and solve the problem of global warming is through carbon taxes. This study intends to provide a solid knowledge of carbon pricing in India using the doctrinal research method, making inferences based on a careful analysis of current legal doctrines, legislative trends, and academic discourse. The feasibility of a carbon tax in India, its compatibility with existing legislative frameworks, and the wider ramifications for mitigating climate change and promoting economic sustainability by reconnoitring on why India has not explicitly implemented a carbon price, what tactics it has impliedly used to reduce carbonization, what potential consequences would arise from introducing carbon tax, and how it might help India reach the objective of net-zero emission by 2070.
Yield and Quality of Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L., 1753) Seeds Depending on Pre-Sowing Treatment of Seed with Biological Preparations
Authors:   Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of NAS, Kyiv, Ukraine.  E-mail: david-konovalov@ukr.net, Konovalov David , Polishchuk Valentine ,   Uman National University of Horticulture, Uman, Cherkasy region, Ukraine.  Email: valentin7613@gmail.com, Konovalova Svitlana ,   Institute of Plant Protection of NAS, Kyiv, Ukraine.  E-mail: svetlanaksa.2017@gmail.com, Brovdi Anna ,   Uman National University of Horticulture, Uman, Cherkasy region, Ukraine.  E-mail: abrovdi@ukr.net
Published: December 2024

Intensive growth of the world's population, persistent climate change and food shortages are becoming major challenges of our time. For this reason, the use of intensive crop cultivation technologies to increase crop yields is a priority for the agricultural sector. The article describes the effect of pre-sowing treatment of seed with biostimulant Emistim C, micro fertiliser Avatar 1, and their combined use on the formation of yield and quality of winter wheat seeds under unstable moisture conditions. Pre-sowing treatment of seeds with biostimulant and micro fertiliser provided a significant increase in seed yield compared to the control. With the combined use of preparations for pre-sowing treatment of seed, the seed yield was significantly higher not only compared to the control but also compared to the treatment with each preparation separately. We performed a long-term study from 2018 to 2023, and obtained a similar dependence of seed yield on the pre-sowing treatment of the seed material, both separately and in combination with a biostimulant and micro fertiliser. During the study period, the seed yield was significantly higher under the pre-sowing treatment of seed with these preparations compared to the control. The highest yield of 5.8 t/ha was obtained with pre-sowing treatment in combination with a biostimulant and micro fertiliser, while in the control it was 5.1 t/ha. Pre-sowing treatment of the seed with a biostimulant or micro fertiliser had a positive effect on the yield of conditioned seeds. The yield of conditioned seeds was the highest under the combined treatment of seed with these preparations and amounted to 78%, or 6% higher than the control. It was found that pre-sowing treatment of the seed with a biostimulant and micro fertiliser significantly increased seed quality germination energy, germination rate and weight of 1000 seeds. The obtained results of the study indicate the feasibility of pre-sowing seed treatment with a biostimulant and micro fertiliser to increase the yield and quality of winter wheat seeds, as well as the effectiveness of their combined use in growing crops under conditions of insufficient moisture.
Chemical Compositions of Two commonly consumed Insects in Kontagora Local Government Area, Niger State, Nigeria
Authors: Oriolowo Olatayo , John Joseph Othman , Olarongbe Ganiyu Oladimeji
Published: December 2024

The practice of entomophagy is culturally acceptable in many parts of Africa including Nigeria. Grasshopper Zonocerus varigatus and Dung beetle larva Aphodius rufipes are two major insects consumed by people of Kontagora local government area of Niger State, Nigeria. These insects are eaten for nutritional and health benefits and are highly priced as commercial commodities. Proximate, mineral elements and anti-nutrients and amino acids composition of these insects were determined using standard methods. The results showed crude protein content to be 41.6%, 42.3%; fat of 17.5%, 24.2%; ash of 7.2%, 4.3%; fibre of 14.1%, 4.6%; carbohydrate of 13.2%, 18.9% for grasshopper and dung beetle larva respectively. Nutrients like phosphorus, potassium, sodium, calcium and iron are of excellent quantity in both insects. About 44.4% and 66.7% respectively of essential amino acids in grasshopper and dung beetle larvae satisfy human nutritional requirements. The quantity of amino acids lysine, tryptophan and threonine are adequate in grasshopper and dung beetle larvae thereby making them complementary protein for limited cereals diets common to people in this region. Interestingly, a consumption of 97g and 46g of grasshopper and dung beetle larvae respectively could effectively satisfy the daily adult human amino acid requirement. Lastly, anti-nutrients like cyanide and oxalate present in these insects are of tolerable quantity for human consumption. Therefore both insects were recommended as alternatives to conventional sources of animal protein for the human diet.
Aphrodisiac Activity of Aqueous Extract of Herbal Formulation (Zainacin dadin duniya) in Female Wistar Rats
Authors: Amuzat Aliyu Olalekan , Kanki Hussiani , Ndatsu Yakubu , Abdullahi Hassana Mariam
Published: December 2024

Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) presents a significant challenge in maintaining intimate relationships and overall well-being. This study investigates the aphrodisiac activity of aqueous extract of herbal formulation (AEOHF), a commercial herb, in female Wistar rats. The study involved the administration of AEOHF at varying concentrations (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg bwt) to female rats and assessing its impact on sexual behavior and sex hormone levels. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, and phenols, with alkaloids having the lowest concentration (15.94±0.42). The LD50 of the extract is greater than 5000 mg/kg bwt. Behavioral observations indicated a significant (p > 0.05) decrease in darting and hoping latency (310.33±4.91 & 462.33±13.92 respectively) in rats administered AEOHF at the dose of 400 mg/kg bwt compared to rats (697.00±4.04 & 905.33±6.39) in the control group. However, a significant (p > 0.05) increase was observed in darting and hooping frequency (7.67±0.33 and 6.00±0.58 respectively) in animals administered AEOHF at the dose of 400 mg/kg bw. Also, a significant (p > 0.05) increase was observed in sex hormones; follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH: 4.56±0.12), luteinizing hormone (LH; 3.76±0.05), testosterone (0.22±0.00) and estradiol (144.87±0.70) of rats administered AEOHF at the dose of 400 mg/kg bwt as compared to rats in the control group with 2.85±0.06, 2.03±0.02, 0.12±0.00 and 67.24±1.01 values for FSH, LH, testosterone and estradiol respectively. Findings confirm the aphrodisiac activity of AEOHF. This study suggests AEOHF as a viable natural herb for managing FSD and a good therapeutic agent for the treatment of FSD.
Application of Rapid Application Development (RAD) in the E-Career System: A Startup Approach
Authors: Khair Rizaldy
Published: December 2024

In today's digital era, the Rapid Application Development (RAD) method has shown great potential across various sectors, including education and career development. However, its application in electronic career systems, or E-Careers, remains relatively uncommon. This creates an urgency to conduct research on how the Rapid Application Development (RAD) method can be applied in E-Career systems to enhance efficiency, transparency, and security in the career search process for students. This study aims to apply the Rapid Application Development (RAD) method in the development of a mobile-based E-Career system at Politeknik LP3I Cirebon Campus. One sector that can benefit from the Rapid Application Development (RAD) method is the electronic career system or E-Career. This system aims to facilitate career searches for students in a more efficient and transparent manner. However, a challenge in implementing this system is ensuring that the data shared between different parties is secure and unalterable. The primary goal is to create a system that is not only efficient but also secure and transparent. Thus, students can search for careers more efficiently and transparently, while companies can more easily find the right candidates. Additionally, this research also aims to identify and address challenges in integrating the Rapid Application Development (RAD) method with mobile applications.
The Influence of Service Quality and Facilities on Cafe Customer Satisfaction: A Meta Analysis
Authors: Rendi Rezki  , Agusti Efi
Published: December 2024

This study analyzes the Influence of Service Quality and Facilities on Customer Satisfaction. The articles used as research samples were published nationally, indexed by Google Scholar, and Sinta. The articles used as samples were published from 2019-2024 with the title Influence of Service Quality and Facilities on Customer Satisfaction. The results of a review of 15 studies showed an influence of service quality and facilities on customer satisfaction with a value of 0.57 (95% CI = 0.371 to 0.991). Research inconsistency shows a high value. High inconsistency in research indicates that the results between studies are inconsistent, possibly due to differences in methodology, samples, or context. This indicates that the relationship between variables is not universal and requires further analysis. Varied correlation results will indicate a high heterogeneity value. High heterogeneity indicates that the research results are inconsistent, with different correlation values.
Analisis Kepuasan Pengguna Aplikasi Spotify menggunakan Metode End-User Computing Satisfaction (EUCS)
Authors: Rama M Bryant Rama Ajalal
Published: December 2024

Meningkatnya penggunaan aplikasi digital di kalangan komunitas penggemar mendorong pentingnya pemahaman faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi kepuasan pengguna. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh Content, Accuracy, Format, Ease of Use, dan Timeliness terhadap kepuasan pengguna (User Satisfaction) pada aplikasi Weverse. Menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode regresi linear berganda, penelitian ini menguji pengaruh variabel independen terhadap variabel dependen. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa Accuracy, Format, dan Ease of Use memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan pengguna, sementara Content dan Timeliness tidak berpengaruh signifikan. Secara simultan, semua variabel independen berkontribusi sebesar 54,1% terhadap kepuasan pengguna, berdasarkan hasil Adjusted R Square. Kesimpulannya, faktor teknis seperti keakuratan informasi, kemudahan penggunaan, dan format penyajian memainkan peran penting dalam meningkatkan kepuasan pengguna aplikasi, sedangkan konten dan ketepatan waktu informasi memiliki peran yang lebih kecil. Temuan ini memberikan wawasan berharga bagi pengembang aplikasi dalam meningkatkan pengalaman pengguna dan mempertahankan loyalitas pelanggan di era digital yang kompetitif.
A Chronobiological Approach: The Potential of Photoswitchable Drug Derivatives in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease
Authors: Haskologlu Ismail Celil , Erdag Emine , Uludag Orhan , Abacioglu Nurettin
Published: December 2024

Objective: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative condition significantly affecting cognitive functions, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches. Chronic progression of AD has an involvement of chronopathologic pattern. Traditional treatments primarily involve cholinesterase inhibitors like donepezil, rivastigmine, galantamine, and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists such as memantine. These drugs face limitations due to their non-targeted systemic effects and side effects. Therefore, modifying these drugs with a chronobiological treatment approach could be of great importance in treating AD. Methods: In this study, the design of photoswitchable derivatives of these drugs was explored using azobenzene to control drug activity with light, potentially enhancing site-specific action and reducing side effects. The interactions of these derivatives were assessed with target binding sites through molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and molecular mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann surface area (MM/PBSA) calculations. Results: The photoswitchable derivatives demonstrated significantly enhanced binding affinities and stability compared to their traditional counterparts. For instance, photoswitchable derivatives of all tested drug molecules in their planar form showed increased binding energy against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and NMDA receptors. The MM/PBSA results supported these findings, indicating that the photoswitchable derivatives exhibit better stability and efficacy when interacting with their targets. Conclusion: The combination of photoswitchable features with traditional AD drugs could be a promising strategy. This hypothetical approach may not only improve the effectiveness of these drugs but also minimize the risk of negative side effects, opening up new possibilities for managing AD treatment by combining chronobiology and the effects of light.
OPTIMALISASI TRAY AERATOR DAN FILTRASI PASIR LAMBAT (SPL) UNTUK MENURUNKAN KADAR BESI (FE) PADA AIR SUMUR GALI
Authors: Mualim  , Adeko Riang
Published: December 2024

Air merupakan elemen vital yang mendukung kehidupan manusia di bumi. Air memiliki berbagai fungsi, seperti untuk kebutuhan minum, mandi, mencuci, serta sebagai sarana transportasi di sungai dan laut. Berdasarkan data WHO (World Health Organization), kebutuhan air di negara maju berkisar antara 60-120 liter per orang per hari, sementara di negara berkembang, termasuk Indonesia, kebutuhan air hanya sekitar 30-60 liter per orang per hari. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas kombinasi Tray Aerator dan filtrasi dengan media saringan pasir lambat (SPL) dalam menurunkan kadar besi (Fe) pada air sumur gali di Kelurahan Padang Serai, Kota Bengkulu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode quasi-eksperimen dengan desain pretest-posttest (Sugiyono, 2015).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penurunan kadar besi (Fe) setelah menggunakan Tray Aerator mencapai 0,761 mg/l. Sementara itu, filtrasi dengan saringan pasir lambat mampu menurunkan kadar besi hingga 0,672 mg/l. Kombinasi kedua metode tersebut memberikan hasil terbaik dengan penurunan kadar besi sebesar 0,872 mg/l, dari kadar awal 1,022 mg/l.Dari ketiga perlakuan tersebut, kombinasi Tray Aerator dan filtrasi saringan pasir lambat terbukti paling efektif dalam menurunkan kadar besi (Fe). Untuk meningkatkan efektivitas, disarankan menambah ketebalan media saringan pasir lambat dan menambahkan jumlah nampan pada Tray Aerator guna memaksimalkan proses penurunan kadar besi pada air sumur gali
Análisis de las estrategias ambientales que implementan las ecouniversidades de Antioquia y su influencia en la mitigación de la huella de carbono
Authors: Restrepo Zapata Erika Juliett
Published: December 2024

El enfoque de este estudio es particularmente relevante en el contexto actual, donde la conciencia sobre la sostenibilidad ambiental ha cobrado mayor importancia. La iniciativa de las Ecouniversidades en Antioquia, reconocidas por Corantioquia, destaca el papel activo que el sector educativo puede y debe jugar en la promoción de prácticas sostenibles. La metodología adoptada en el estudio, que combina el análisis cualitativo y cuantitativo sin manipular las variables y con un enfoque transversal, permite una comprensión amplia y detallada de las estrategias implementadas. Este estudio no solo subraya la importancia de adoptar medidas para reducir la huella de carbono dentro de las instituciones educativas, sino que también muestra cómo las universidades de Medellín están liderando con el ejemplo, implementando estrategias que van más allá de los requisitos legales para contribuir significativamente a la sostenibilidad ambiental. Al analizar las prácticas de estas Ecouniversidades, el trabajo ofrece valiosas lecciones sobre cómo las instituciones pueden integrar la sostenibilidad en su núcleo operativo y académico. La relevancia de este análisis radica en su capacidad para proporcionar herramientas y referencias para otras instituciones que busquen emprender o mejorar sus iniciativas de sostenibilidad. Las estrategias identificadas no solo benefician al medio ambiente, reduciendo el impacto negativo de las actividades humanas, sino que también fomentan una cultura de responsabilidad y compromiso ambiental dentro de la comunidad académica y más allá. En conclusión, este trabajo ofrece una contribución significativa al campo de la sostenibilidad ambiental en el contexto educativo, destacando cómo las universidades en Medellín y Antioquia están adoptando un papel de liderazgo en la mitigación de la huella de carbono. Este enfoque proactivo hacia la sostenibilidad es un modelo que seguir para instituciones en Colombia y en todo el mundo.
Aprendizajes en proyectos de investigación relacionados con el desarrollo de soluciones para personas con discapacidad
Authors: Páramo Velásquez Camilo Andrés
Published: December 2024

Dentro del proceso de la investigativo hay un elemento muy importante, y que siempre debe ser tenido en cuenta: la finalidad de la investigación, su aplicación y el impacto que tendrá. A pesar de lo que pueda creerse, no todas las investigaciones llegan a feliz término, e incluso muchas de ellas terminan archivadas, guardadas en la biblioteca de alguna universidad de prestigioso nombre; unas cuantas más, quizá con algo de lo que podríamos llamar “fortuna”, alcanzan a ser publicadas en una revista: cabe preguntarse si este es el destino que los investigadores tenían en mente para su proyecto. A lo largo de casi 10 años como investigador de proyectos con aplicación en el sector de la salud, y particularmente en la atención a problemáticas relacionadas con discapacidades, he podido evidenciar que un aspecto fundamental en el proceso ha sido la consolidación de un equipo de trabajo multidisciplinario, apasionado por crear soluciones que sirvan a personas con necesidades específicas y que generen una mejor calidad de vida. Sin embargo, considero que el elemento más importante es tratar a los usuarios finales, a esos pacientes, como los personajes principales del proyecto, como un integrante que aporta el conocimiento más valioso: su convivencia con la discapacidad.
On the Liber de wazalkora, A 12th-Century Treatise on the Astrolabe
Authors: Nothaft C. Philipp E.
Published: December 2024

Liber de wazalkora” is the title of an unpublished Latin treatise on the construction and use of the planispheric astrolabe, which appears to have been compiled in southeast Germany (Bavaria) in the second half of the 12th century. It is to a large extent derived from other astrolabe sources available in the Latin West before 1100, but also contains material that has no precedent in any of the known literature. The analysis presented in this article concentrates on the Liber de wazalkora’s section on the use of the astrolabe, which is unusual for both its extraordinary length and frequently atypical astronomical content. A study of the Arabic loan vocabulary in this section leads to the conclusion that some parts of the text were derived from an unidentified Arabic source, presumably via a Latin intermediary.
 

How to cite: Nothaft, C. P. E. “On the Liber de wazalkora, A 12th­-Century Treatise on the Astrolabe”. Aestimatio: Sources and Studies in the History of Science (2023) 4: src02 1–58. https://doi.org/10.33137/aestimatio.v4.44061
Ukrainian dictionary. Noun. Letter
Authors:   Ukrainian Lingua-Information Foundation of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Shevchenko I. V.
Published: December 2024

Contains a lexicographical description of Ukrainian nouns beginning with the letter "В", with a detailed analysis of meanings, grammatical forms, and examples of usage. Intended for linguists, teachers, students, and anyone who studies the Ukrainian language.
Ukrainian dictionary. Noun. Letter
Authors:   Ukrainian Lingua-Information Foundation of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Syvokozova V. V.
Published: December 2024

Contains a lexicographical description of Ukrainian nouns beginning with the letter "З", with a detailed analysis of meanings, grammatical forms, and examples of usage. Intended for linguists, teachers, students, and anyone who studies the Ukrainian language.
Ukrainian dictionary. Noun. Letter
Authors:   Ukrainian Lingua-Information Foundation of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kondrachuk I. M.
Published: December 2024

Contains a lexicographical description of Ukrainian nouns beginning with the letter "К", with a detailed analysis of meanings, grammatical forms, and examples of usage. Intended for linguists, teachers, students, and anyone who studies the Ukrainian language.
Ukrainian dictionary. Noun. Letter
Authors:   Ukrainian Lingua-Information Foundation of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Britikova K. V.
Published: December 2024

Contains a lexicographical description of Ukrainian nouns beginning with the letter "Л", with a detailed analysis of meanings, grammatical forms, and examples of usage. Intended for linguists, teachers, students, and anyone who studies the Ukrainian language.
Correlation of thyroid function test with severity of liver dysfunction in cirrhosis of liver
Authors: Hasan Md Rashidul , Shil Bimal Chandra , Hossain Jakir , Islam Naylla , Saha Dipannita , Hasan Monirul , Chowdhury Md Nahian Faruque
Published: December 2024

Background: A normal function of both the thyroid gland and the liver is necessary to maintain normal thyroid hormone levels and action. This study aimed to find out the thyroid abnormalities in patients presenting with liver cirrhosis and also to look for any correlation between thyroid function test (TFT) abnormalities and severity of liver disease. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the department of Gastroenterology and department of Medicine in Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka, for 12-months. A total of 328 patients with liver cirrhosis were included after written informed consent. A detailed history, thorough laboratory and physical examination were carried out in each patient. Severity of liver dysfunction was graded by using Child Pugh Scoring. Thyroid function test was done. Data were collected in separate case record form and analyzed by SPSS 24.0. Results: According to Child Pugh score 31.1% had disease severity score A, 24.1% had B and 44.8% had C. Mean FT3 level (fmol/l) significantly decreases (5.3±1.5 in class-A, 3.5±1.7 in class-B and 3±1.3 in class-C) and TSH level (μIU/ml) significantly increases (3.3±1.3 in class-A, 5.3±2.1 in class-B and 5.5±1.8 in class-C) with increases number of disease severity score (p<0.05). Conclusion: There is a negative and inverse correlation between decreasing FT3 with severity of liver cirrhosis as measured by child pugh score and a positive and direct correlation between increasing Serum TSH with severity of liver cirrhosis as measured by child pugh score. This suggests that thyroid function test can be used as a prognostic indicator in cirrhotic patient.
Bangladesh J Medicine 2025; 36: 25-31
Clinical Profile, Etiology and In-hospital Outcome of Acute Pancreatitis: Experience at a Tertiary Care Center, Bangladesh
Authors: Islam Mohammad Sirajul , Hossain Ahmed , Islam Md Daharul , Bala Chandra Shekhar , Abira Mahmuda , Rahman Aminur
Published: December 2024

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a potentially life-threatening disease with varying clinical presentations influenced by etiology, social factors, cultural habits, and patient characteristics. Aim: To assess the demographic profile, etiology and in-hospital outcomes of Acute pancreatitis patients. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted in Department of Medicine, Sir Salimullah Medical College Mitford Hospital, Dhaka from January 2023 to December 2023 after obtaining ethical clearance from ethical review board. We enrolled 107 AP patients diagnosed according to the revised Atlanta classification (2012). Demographics, clinical presentations, risk factors, laboratory data, and imaging findings were collected using a structured questionnaire. All the data were compiled and sorted properly and analyzed by using IBM SPSS, Version 26.0. Results: The mean age was 52.09±14.94 years, with male predominance (66.4%). In this study we found common presentations are abdominal pain (100%), nausea/vomiting (91.6%), and abdominal distension (44.9%). Our study revealed, main etiologies were alcohol consumption (35.5%) and gallstones (34.6%). We observed common comorbidities included diabetes mellitus (42.1%) and hypertension (35.5%). The mean hospital stay was 6.77±1.51 days. Most patients (77.6%) achieved good recovery, while 22.4% had partial recovery. Only 3.7% required ICU care, with no mortality reported. Conclusion: In our study, acute pancreatitis predominantly affected middle-aged males, with alcohol and gallstones being the leading causes. Most patients had good outcomes with conservative management, suggesting effective treatment protocols was follows at our center.
Bangladesh J Medicine 2025; 36: 32-36
ABO Blood Group Discrepancies Among The Recipients In A Tertiary Care Centre
Authors: Rahman Md Hafizur , Islam Md Ashadul , Khatun Ayesha , Rahman Md Atiar , Chowdhury Tanzila Tabib , Saha Mrinal
Published: December 2024

Background: ABO Blood Group discrepancy means the difference between forward and reverse grouping due to an unexpected extra reaction or a missing reaction. This is one of the major reasons for a transfusion reaction. The aim of this study was to analyze ABO blood group discrepancies in an algorithmic manner and find out the risk factors among the recipients. Methods: This crosssectional observational study was carried out among 200 patients in the Department of Transfusion Medicine, BSMMU, Dhaka, for a period of 6 months. Both forward and reverse blood grouping were done among the recipients’ sample and risk factors related to ABO grouping discrepancies was evaluated. Results: Presence of ABO discrepancies were found in 5.5% blood recipients (n=11). Among them the major risk factors were transfusion dependent thalassemia (TDT), mismatched transfusion, autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and multiple myeloma (2 patients in each category, 1% each). Furthermore, 83.0% recipients were having blood transfusion d”5 times. Conclusion: Despite all precautions ABO discrepancies still exist in transfusion sectors. Conditions where chance of ABO discrepancy is high needs extra precautions before ABO grouping to ensure safe blood transfusion.
Bangladesh J Medicine 2025; 36: 43-49
Estimation of the ablation velocity of atoms in a laser-induced plasma through the Doppler effect.
Authors: Khan Zulfiqar Hasan , Lubna Rebeka Sultana , Haider A F M Yusuf
Published: December 2024

The dynamics of laser-induced plasma plumes were investigated using the Doppler effect and the spectroscopic analysis for the first time. Plasma is generated on silver, copper, and gold targets in ambient air at atmospheric pressure and room temperature using laser ablation with a Q-switched Nd: YAG laser. The laser setup included specific parameters: a pulse duration of 8 ns, a repetition rate of 10 Hz, laser pulse energies of 40 mJ, and a grating with 2400 grooves/mm. When the input end of the optical fiber is perpendicular to the sample surface, a Doppler shift in the emitted wavelength occurs. By analyzing this Doppler shift of the emission wavelengths at two distinct source-detector relative positions, we can accurately estimate the velocities of silver, copper, and gold atoms within the laser-induced plasma.
J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 48(2); 185-191: December 2024
Analysis of the triga mark-II benchmark ieu-comp-therm-003 with monte carlo code openmc
Authors: Islam Saad , Motalab Mohammad Abdul
Published: December 2024

Ensuring the reliable use of particle transport computer codes necessitates verification against benchmark experiments. This study aims to verify the Monte Carlo code OpenMC using the criticality benchmark model IEUCOMP- THERM-003 from the International Criticality Safety Benchmark Evaluation Project (ICSBEP) Handbook. The analysis focuses on the TRIGA Mark II reactor cores 132 and 133, employing nuclear cross-section libraries ENDF/B-VIII.0, ENDF/B-VII.1, ENDF/B-VII.0, and ENDF/BVI. 2. Results show that OpenMC provides KEFF values in close agreement with benchmark values, demonstrating its robustness in neutronic simulations. Comparison with MVP code results obtained previously, particularly with JENDL-3.3, shows similar accuracy.
J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 48(2); 231-236: December 2024
Ethical challenges in health and biomedical research: lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Ali Liaquat
Published: December 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic has created unprecedented health and economic challenges in mankind's history. At the same time, human civilization is facing a great ethical crisis. The duty- vs. right-based moral values led to justified dilemmas in the ethical decision-making process of health care providers, especially physicians. On the one hand, the duty towards the patients affected by the highly contagious virus (often in the face of PPE shortages) and the right (as individuals) to preserve themselves and family members, on the other hand, is difficult to solve only by a legal framework. The rationing of life-saving measures (like HFNC, ICU beds, or Ventilators) in the context of acute shortages is another example of physicians and managers needing to make very difficult ethical choices. Revelation of the self-centered nature of individual human beings, families, social groups, and even countries has been widely noticed during the pandemic, and it may not be a surprising phenomenon. However, the crisis has brought to the forefront the traditional debates on the relative merits of utility-, duty- and right-based ethics from a wider social perspective. The illusory blessings of the globalized market economy and associated neoliberal ethical principles have faced critical questions throughout these years. The rise of ultranationalism has been exposed with its vulgar faces worldwide. It is now obvious that the worst sufferers of the pandemic are poorer and marginalized people (forming the major bulk of the world population) who are now increasingly subject to rapidly increasing health and socioeconomic inequality and injustice due to the existing world order. Managing the pandemic through authoritarian approaches (lockdown, tracking, etc.) has also raised certain fundamental ethical issues related to human dignity, freedom, and autonomy, and, in many cases, the pandemic has been used to justify specific ideological platforms. Ethics of biomedical and health-related research (and their dissemination) also face some basic questions regarding the sacrifice of some age-old scientific and moral practices in the face of humanity's urgent need. Critical discussion and working consensus on those ethical issues have become urgent for biomedical research's future advancement.
J. Bangladesh Acad. Sci. 48(2); 141-145: December 2024
Rancang Bangun Purwarupa Pendeteksi Kesegaran Ikan Berbasis Ciri Warna Dan Bau
Authors: Khalif Fajar Al , Yudhana Anton
Published: December 2024

At this time the development of technology is rapid that there are many tools facilitate human work, one of which is to detect the freshness of fish. In Indonesia alone there are many types of fish consumption derived from sea water and fresh water. Fish consumtion in Indonesia increased every year by an average of 3% based on statistics from the Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Affairs from 2014-2019.  The system designed in this study uses color sensors and odor sensors that serve to detect the freshness of fish. The microcontroller used is arduino nano which serve to process programs that have been designed. The study used TCS-3200 and MQ-135 sensors as inputs that were then processed in the Arduino Nano which was then displayed on the LCD. Tets on this study used catfish as objects. Catfish will be classified into two, namely fresh and not fresh. The worse the quality of the fish, the greater the PPM value. The error rate in this study is quite large at 7,1.
Aplikasi Prediksi Serangan Jantung Untuk Warga Kelurahan Pelawi Utara
Authors: Dhany Hanna Willa , Permana Aminuddin Indra , Izhari Fahmi , Ginting Andhika Pratama , Pratama Zahari Gilang
Published: December 2024

Penyakit jantung merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian di dunia, termasuk di Indonesia. Peningkatan risiko serangan jantung memerlukan adanya sistem prediksi yang efektif untuk membantu masyarakat dalam mengidentifikasi dan mencegah kejadian tersebut. Penelitian ini mengembangkan sebuah aplikasi prediksi serangan jantung khusus untuk warga Kelurahan Pelawi Utara. Aplikasi ini menggunakan algoritma machine learning untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor risiko seperti usia, tekanan darah, kadar kolesterol, riwayat keluarga, dan gaya hidup. Dengan memanfaatkan data kesehatan yang diperoleh dari warga, aplikasi ini memberikan prediksi tingkat risiko serangan jantung secara real-time dan rekomendasi tindakan pencegahan yang disesuaikan dengan kondisi masing-masing individu. Hasil uji coba menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi ini memiliki tingkat akurasi yang tinggi dalam memprediksi risiko serangan jantung, sehingga diharapkan dapat menjadi alat yang berguna dalam upaya pencegahan dini dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup masyarakat.
The Mediating Role of Firm Innovatıon Performance in The Impact of Digital Leadership on Employee Performance: Evidence From Startups
Authors: Işık Metin
Published: December 2024

This study was conducted with employees of start-up companies established to operate in different technological fields such as IT, hardware, software, communication and cyber security. The research aims to examine the direct and indirect impacts of digital leadership and firm innovation performance on employee performance through empirical analysis. In this context, a cross-sectional study was conducted. A mediating analysis was conducted using empirical data. Within the framework of the research, digital leadership served as an independent variable, employee performance as a dependent variable and firm innovation performance as a mediating construct. The dataset utilized for analysis comprised responses from 184 employees selected from diverse start-up enterprises in Gaziantep, selected through purposive sampling techniques. Employing the Process Macro methodology for analysis, the study revealed that both digital leadership and firm innovation performance exert direct influence on employee performance. Furthermore, the analysis established a significant direct association between digital leadership and firm innovation performance. The outcomes underscored the substantial impact of both digital leadership and firm innovation performance on the enhanced effectiveness of employees within start-up’ entities. Crucially, the investigation indicated that innovation performance of the firm holds the potential to bolster employee performance independently of digital leadership. As valuable long-term assets, employees significantly contribute to a firm’s sustained viability, bringing forth their creative ideas, productivity acumen, and innovative capabilities. Hence, the possession of digital competencies by managers and the cultivation of the firm's innovation potential emerge as positive catalysts influencing employees within corporate settings. Especially in start-up’s, the leader's digital skills and the firm's focus on developing innovative performance increase employee performance.
Correlação entre componentes de produtividade e rendimento de cultivares em diferentes safras
Authors: Bandeira Andressa Tolfo , Rosa Hamilton Telles , Porazzi Luis Fernando Baraldi
Published: December 2024

Informações atuais sobre o desempenho das cultivares disponíveis em escala regional é escassa e de fundamental importância para os vários segmentos da cadeia produtiva da sojicultura. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a produtividade das diferentes cultivares da soja nas safras 2021/22 e 2022/23 da região Celeiro do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul e avaliar qual componente de produtividade teve maior correlação com a produtividade nestas safras. Foram realizadas as seguintes avaliações: Produtividade, Número de Legumes e Número de Grãos por planta, Peso de Mil Grãos e População de Plantas. Para a análise estatística utilizou-se o teste de Scott-Knott, com uso do programa SASM-AGRI. Para os testes de correlação entre os componentes e a produtividade foi usado a correlação de Pearson. Na safra 2021/22, as cultivares DM 64i63, NS 6601, CZ 16B17 e COMPACTA se sobressaíram às demais, enquanto na safra 2022/23, as cultivares CROMO E C2600 foram as cultivares com melhor desempenho produtivo. Quanto aos componentes de produtividade as maiores correlações foram para o Número de Legumes por Planta para a safra 2021/22 e Peso de Mil Grãos para a safra 2022/23.
ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN KINERJA KEUANGAN PT. BANK BTPN SYARIAH TBK. SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH IPO (INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERINGI) DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Fadliyansyah  , Isfandayani
Published: December 2024

This study aims to determine whether there are significant differences in the financial perfomance of Bank BTPN Syariah before and after going public using the RGEC method, as well as to determine these differences in performance. The data used in this study is secondary data  obtained from the published quartely financial reports of Bank BTPN Syariah for the period 2014-2021. While the method used is the comparative method (difference/comparison test), namely the parametric test (paired simples t test) for normally distributed data an the  non-parametric test (Wilcoxon sign rank test) for abnormally distributed data. The results in this study indicate that the variabels of non-performing financing (NPF), financing to deposit ratio (FDR), return of assets (ROA), operating cost to income (BOPO), capital adequacy ratio (CAR) have significant differences, because they have sig value. <0,05. While other variabels such as rerturn of equity (ROE) and good corporate governance (GCG) do not have a siginificant difference. The results of this comparison are seen based on descriptive statistics on the ratio of NPF, FDR, and BOPO before the IPO is better than after the IPO. Then the ROA and CAR after the IPO are better than before the IPO. Meanwhile, ROE did not experience a steady change at a good value.
MELHORIA CONTÍNUA NA FABRICAÇÃO DE EQUIPAMENTOS PARA GERAÇÃO DE ENERGIA UTILIZANDO LEAN MANUFACTURING
Authors: Pinheiro Carlos , Marinho Clésio
Published: December 2024

A aplicação dos princípios de Lean Manufacturing resultou em melhorias significativas na fabricação de servomotores. O estudo demonstrou a importância da identificação e resolução de gargalos no processo produtivo, utilizando ferramentas analíticas eficazes. A redução do tempo de produção, custo e eliminação de acidentes reforça a eficácia das melhorias implementadas. Além disso, as análises estatísticas validam os ganhos obtidos, destacando a importância da melhoria contínua e da aplicação de práticas de Lean Manufacturing. Esses resultados não apenas corroboram a eficácia do Lean como uma abordagem robusta para otimização de processos industriais, mas também ressaltam a necessidade contínua de aprimoramento e inovação para permanecer competitivo no mercado em constante evolução. Através da aplicação consistente dos princípios do Lean e da adoção de uma mentalidade de melhoria contínua, as empresas podem não apenas enfrentar os desafios atuais, mas também se preparar para os desafios futuros, garantindo sua posição de liderança e excelência operacional.
Peningkatan Produktivitas Produk Unggulan Kabupaten Jombang dari Anyaman Bambu melalui Community Service
Authors: Zahro Siti , Mustikasari Hany , Hadi Faizal Susilo , Sagirani Tri , Cintya Hedi Amelia Bella , Nugraha Nugraha , Luqman Citra Aisyah , Sinderela Moriska , Sutanto Dharma Adhi , Syafi Muhammad Abiyu
Published: December 2024

The cooperation between the Jombang Regency Government and the Community Service Team of the University of Surabaya identified target partners for bamboo-woven from micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) to develop their businesses at national and international levels. However, problems related to productivity and human resource capabilities are a priority to be resolved. To resolve this, the purpose is to provide assistance and renew technology to increase the productivity of Jombang Regency's superior products from bamboo through community service. The strategy carried out at the beginning was to conduct socialization. The next stage is implementing the community service program: training, assistance, and application of technology. The final stage is program evaluation. Meanwhile, the ABCD (Asset Based Community Development) method was chosen for this Community Service program. The results identified five components: Discovery, Dream, Design, Define, and Destiny. The assets and potentials owned by the target partners are infrastructure and human resources. The dream is to develop their businesses at national and international levels, to be able to meet the needs of community demand, and to innovate more modern products. The program design was grouped into four clusters: production, products, management, and marketing. Furthermore, the community service team together with one bamboo-woven partner determines the program activities: Increasing assets (bamboo cutting machines and thinning machines), increasing product diversity, increasing management capabilities, and increasing product promotion media. Finally, implementing program activities to increase machine assets and machine operation training, innovative product workshops, financial literacy training, and photographing bamboo woven products for components in the e-catalog. Finally, partners have bamboo-cutting and slicing technologies, digital administration, and innovative products. In conclusion, this Community Service program needs to be continued to achieve the Target Partners' desire to become MSMEs with national and international markets
Legal Formation and Lawmaking: Conceptual Foundations
Authors: Tarakhonych Tetyana
Published: December 2024

The article underscores the weighty role of legal doctrine, lawmaking, and the mechanisms of legal formation within legal science and legal doctrine specifically. A thorough exploration and a scholarly approach to these issues not only allow for the examination of these legal categories from formal juridical perspectives but also for the optimization of these types of legal activities.
Scientific approaches to understanding the category of lawmaking are characterized, providing a framework to defi ne lawmaking as a distinct type of legal activity carried out by relevant entities with the aim of adopting, amending, or terminating legal norms.
Alongside this, legal formation is a broader category characterizing the process of forming and developing law, finding reflection in legal concepts, norms, principles of law, legal relations, legal consciousness, and more.

Emphasis is placed on the close interrelation between legislative activity and the legislative process, with legislative activity being its instrumental component characterized by stages and a certain progressiveness. It is facilitated by relevant entities whose activity aims at adopting, amending, or repealing legal norms.

The article notes that the mechanism of legal formation is closely tied to the stages and phases of lawmaking, involving relevant legal and non-legal means.

Furthermore, the mechanism of legislative activity is defined as a set of specific legal tools used by entities in legislative activity at various stages of this process aimed at regulating social relations.

Key words: Legal Doctrine, Lawmaking, Legal Formation, mechanism of Legal Formation, mechanism of Lawmaking.