bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Inter‐individual variation in SpO2 during endurance exercise in hypoxia does not correlate with endocrine and angiogenic growth factor responses
Authors: Mori Hisashi , Hwang Hyejung , Goto Kazushige
Published: February 2025

The present study determined the relationship between inter‐individual variation in arterial O2 saturation (SpO2) and exercise‐induced endocrine and angiogenic growth factor responses under hypoxia. Sixteen healthy men completed two trials on separate days: 60 min of cycling at 65% of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) followed by a 60‐min rest period, under either normoxia (FiO2 = 20.9%, NOR) or hypoxia (FiO2 = 14.5%, HYP). Serum growth hormone (GH), cortisol, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentrations were determined before, immediately after, and at 60 min after exercise. SpO2 and heart rate were continuously measured during exercise. In the HYP trial, the average SpO2 during exercise varied by >10% among all participants (77.5%–88.2%). However, the ΔSpO2 (Δ = HYP–NOR) did not correlate significantly with exercise‐induced changes in serum ΔGH (r = 0.205, p = 0.446), Δcortisol (r = 0.059, p = 0.828), and ΔVEGF (r = −0.004, p = 0.989). Moreover, no significant correlations were observed between the absolute SpO2 value and exercise‐induced responses in these blood variables in the HYP trial. Inter‐individual variation in SpO2 did not modify exercise‐induced endocrine (GH, cortisol) or angiogenic growth factor (VEGF) responses to endurance exercise in hypoxia.
Impact of metal nanoparticles biosynthesized using camel milk on bacterial growth and copper removal from wastewater
Authors: Al-Mohaimeed Amal Mohamed , El-Tohamy Maha Farouk , Moubayed Nadine Mohamad Safouh
Published: February 2025

This study investigates the potential of zinc oxide (ZnO) and nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles (NPs), biosynthesized from camel milk, to combat bacterial resistance and enhance heavy metal removal from water. The antimicrobial efficacy against various pathogens, including Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida tropicalis were studied. Characterization of the NPs was conducted using UV-vis, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, and atomic force microscopy techniques. Results showed that ZnO NPs exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity, with an inhibition zone of 16 mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 13 mm against Candida tropicalis, while NiO NPs displayed reduced activity against all selected microorganisms. Additionally, ZnO NPs demonstrated an impressive Cu(ii) ion removal rate of 96.76% at pH 8.4, with a contact time of 90 min, using 0.5 g·L−1 of adsorbent at an initial concentration of 200 mg·L−1. Adsorption kinetics followed the pseudo-second-order model, with isotherm data fitting the Langmuir model (Q
max = 100.0 mg·g−1, R
2 = 0.9905). Thermodynamic analysis indicated an exothermic process (∆H° = −4,127.4 J·mol−1) and spontaneous physical adsorption. Future research should focus on scaling up the biosynthesis of ZnO NPs for practical antimicrobial therapies and wastewater treatment technologies, alongside exploring their long-term environmental impact.
New ecological aspects of the pacarana (Dinomys branickii) in southeastern Peru
Authors: Pottie Sam , Basto Arianna , Whitworth Andrew , Beirne Christopher , Pillco Huarcaya Ruthmery , Forsyth Adrian
Published: February 2025

This study provides new insights into the behavioral ecology of Dinomys branickii based on long-term camera trap surveys conducted at three sites along an altitudinal gradient in southeastern Peru. Notably, we document the first known cases of geophagy in this species, which suggests a highly herbivorous diet. Moreover, in contrast to previous reports that described D. branickii as a group-living species, our data indicate that it is primarily solitary, with group formations likely limited to reproductive activities. Additionally, we confirm the species’ predominantly nocturnal and crepuscular activity patterns, with most activity occurring between 02:00 and 05:00 h. By calculating and comparing camera trap detection rates, used as an index of relative abundance (RAI), for D. branickii across different surveys, we highlight the species’ ecological rarity, evidenced by consistently low detection rates (0.163; 0.173 and 0.011 events per 1,000 trap-days) across diverse habitats and survey designs.
Diagnostic testing in the genetically complex age-related macular degeneration
Authors: Kiel Christina , Weber Bernhard H. F.
Published: February 2025

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of visual impairment with the risk of developing the disease influenced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. With the recent expansion of treatment options, enhancing diagnostic accuracy and improving access to treatment are increasingly becoming the focus of interest. By using data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to generate polygenic risk scores (PRS), an assessment of an individual’s genetic risk for AMD is feasible. While the predictive accuracy of the AMD-PRS is most robust for individuals at very high genetic risk, genetic diagnostic testing is warranted due to the large number of affected individuals resulting from the high prevalence of AMD. Early genetic confirmation of AMD-related pathology can facilitate timely treatment initiation, potentially improving patient outcomes.
The crystal structure of the double salt dipyridin-1-ium bromide tribromide
Authors: Bo Wang , Hongxia Pan , Jun Chen , Yunlu Li , Lizhen Chen , Jianlong Wang
Published: February 2025

C10H12Br4N2, orthorhombic, Pbcn (no. 60), a = 13.3150(2) Å, b = 13.8478(2) Å, c = 15.7803(2) Å, V = 2909.63(7) Å3, Z = 8, Rgt
(F) = 0.0302, wRref
(F
2) = 0.0948, T = 220 K.
Aquinas on Beauty and Umberto Eco’s Interpretation
Authors: Di Ceglie Roberto
Published: February 2025

The Italian semiotician and novelist Umberto Eco (1932–2016) offered an insightful interpretation of Thomas Aquinas’ thought on beauty. Eco’s book, translated into English in 1988, is considered an authoritative source of reflection on the subject and has been widely cited by those who have focused on Aquinas’ aesthetics in recent decades. In this article, I first assess the depth and richness of Eco’s interpretation, including his critique of Aquinas’ view. I then reject this critique by arguing that Aquinas’ reflection on beauty is grounded in his theological interests, the connections between which and his aesthetic views are overlooked by Eco.
Analysis of Priorities for Improving the Quality of Higher Education Services to Increase Student Satisfaction in the Economics Education Study Program, Universitas Negeri Semarang
Authors: Susanti Eka , Jannah Sholihatun Nur
Published: February 2025

This study aims to determine the suitability of the application of the HESQUAL dimensions, determine the level of student satisfaction with service quality and determine priorities for improving service quality in the Economic Education Study Program at Semarang State University. The sample that has been determined is 110 respondents. The sampling technique is using Proportional Random Sampling. Data collection methods using questionnaires. The data analysis techniques used are: (1) Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) using SmartPLS version 4; (2) Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI); (3) ImportancePerformance Analysis (IPA); (4) Potential Gain in Customer Value (PGCV) using the SPSS application. The results showed that the HESQUAL model is a fit model for measuring service quality in higher education, student satisfaction is in the Satisfied category with a satisfaction value of 73% and the priority for improving service quality is the attention of lecturers to students who have difficulty understanding the material, lecturers need to determine effective learning methods, provide quality services that can increase student confidence, administrative staff help students who have difficulties, and information on the flow of academic administration carried out online.
The effect of chronic inflammation on female fertility
Authors: Ameho Stephen , Klustein Michael
Published: February 2025

Inflammation has key biological roles in the battle against pathogens, and additional key processes in development and tissue homeostasis. However, when inflammation becomes chronic it can become a serious medical concern. Chronic inflammation has been shown to contribute to the etiology and symptoms of serious medical conditions such as ulcerative colitis, cardiovascular diseases, endometriosis, and various cancers. One of the less realized symptoms associated with chronic inflammation is its effect on reproduction, specifically on female fertility. Here we review the current literature, showing that chronic inflammation has a negative impact on oocyte quality, folliculogenesis, hormone production, immune signaling, and other processes that affect fertility in females. We discuss several factors involved in the etiology of chronic inflammation and its effect on female fertility. We also discuss possible mechanisms by which these effects may be mediated, and how interventions may mitigate the effect of chronic inflammation. Finally, we discuss the notion that in many cases the effect of chronic inflammation is tightly correlated with and resembles the effect of aging- drawing interesting parallels between these processes, possibly through the effect of aging-associated inflammaging.
Potent and sustained enhancement of human sperm motility using novel cyclic AMP up-regulators
Authors: Oscoz Susino Natalia , Luque Guillermina M , Minotti Florencia , Otero Patricia , Lavolpe Mariano , Ferrulli Mariana , Krapf Dario , Buffone Mariano G , Marín-Briggiler Clara I
Published: February 2025

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) plays a central role in sperm physiology. Various cAMP up-regulators, both cAMP analogs and phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors, have been used in handling human sperm in vitro, though conflicting results and variable responses among patients have been reported. This study aims to evaluate the ability of two compounds - Sp-5,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole 3’-5’-cyclic monophosphothioate (cBiMPs), a cAMP analog, and TAK-063, a specific PDE10A inhibitor - to enhance human sperm motility parameters and, consequently, improve sperm preparation procedures. Our results showed that both cBiMPs and TAK-063 significantly enhanced human sperm motility and hyperactivation compared to the control (dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO)). They also increased protein phosphorylation levels without inducing premature acrosomal exocytosis or DNA fragmentation. The enhancement of sperm motility persisted for 4 h after their removal, surpassing the effects of known cAMP analogs (8-bromo-adenosine-3’, 5’-cAMP (8-Br-cAMP) or dibutyryl cAMP (db-cAMP)) or PDE inhibitors (3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) or pentoxifylline (PTX)). Furthermore, the presence of cBiMPs or TAK-063 during sperm selection resulted in higher recovery rates in comparison to the control, and these compounds effectively improved sperm motion in both fresh and cryopreserved samples with impaired motility. In conclusion, cBiMPs and TAK-063 exhibit potent and sustained effects on human sperm motility, enhancing the efficiency of sperm preparation techniques. The ability to improve sperm motility holds significant implications for male infertility treatment, facilitating the use of low complexity techniques such as intrauterine insemination or in vitro fertilization, and may also aid in selecting viable testicular sperm for intracytoplasmic sperm injection.
Investigating Confined Space Asphyxias: Plastic Bag Involvement and Gas Inhalation – A Case Series and Literature Review
Authors: Kaubrytė Sofija Saulė , Chmieliauskas Sigitas , Kažukauskė Giedrė , Laima Sigitas , Vasiljevaitė Diana , Stasiūnienė Jurgita
Published: February 2025

Background: Asphyxia within confined spaces, particularly involving plastic bag suffocation and gas inhalation, presents complex forensic challenges. This study explores mechanisms, epidemiology, and forensic considerations of these fatalities, drawing from a comprehensive literature review and analysis of four clinical cases. Plastic bag asphyxia, exacerbated by oxygen depletion and carbon dioxide accumulation, induces rapid loss of consciousness and cardiorespiratory arrest. The method’s lethality is increased when combined with inert gases like helium, known for their rapid onset of hypoxia and painless nature. Recent research demonstrates a growing incidence of plastic bag suffocation as a method of suicide. The accessibility of suicide-related information on online platforms contributes to the dissemination of new methods, posing challenges for suicide prevention efforts. Forensic investigations often face obstacles in accurately determining the cause and manner of death, with nonspecific autopsy findings and scene manipulations complicating the diagnostic process.Materials and methods: A literature research was conducted across PubMed and Google Scholar databases, focusing on articles published in the last 5 years, applying keywords relevant to the topic under consideration and their combinations. 34 pertinent articles were selected, supplemented by data from the Lithuanian State Forensic Medicine Service, involving four clinical cases of confined space asphyxia. Autopsy findings, toxicological analyses, and contextual details were thoroughly examined to determine the mechanism and circumstances of death.Results: Plastic bag suffocation, often combined with inert gas inhalation, emerges as a common method in suicides. Demographic analyses reveal distinct patterns, with younger age groups demonstrating an increased tendency for gas inhalation suicides. The accessibility and perceived painlessness of helium contribute to its rising usage for suicide purposes. Forensic challenges include nonspecific autopsy findings, manipulations of death scenes, and difficulties in detecting inert gases postmortem. Enhanced surveillance and efforts to restrict access to these tools are crucial in preventing the spread of new suicide methods.Conclusions: The study highlights the multifaceted nature of asphyxiation deaths within confined spaces and the importance of proactive interventions in suicide prevention. Enhanced surveillance, tailored prevention strategies, and collaborative efforts are essential in addressing evolving suicide methods and reducing their impact.
Simultaneous Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting and Anterior Rectum Resection: The First Clinical Case in Kazakhstan
Authors: Abdikarimov Anuar , Aitaliyev Serik , Dikolayev Vladimir
Published: February 2025

In this case report, we describe the experience of a patient who was initially admitted for rectal cancer treatment. However, during the preoperative evaluation, severe stenosis of the coronary arteries was unexpectedly detected, presenting the medical team with a complex decision-making process.
Macrolíquenes epífitos como indicadores de cambios ambientales en un bosque montano de Panamá
Authors: Vissuetti Ana , Benítez Ángel , Villarreal Rosa , Rodríguez-Quiel Eyvar , Hofmann Tina Antje
Published: February 2025

Introducción: Los líquenes cortícolas son organismos que responden a modificaciones del hábitat, por lo que se consideran organismos modelo para evaluar los cambios ambientales en diferentes ecosistemas. Objetivos: Determinar la riqueza y composición de comunidades de macrolíquenes cortícolas en bosques y remanentes de bosques. Además, se evaluó el efecto de factores microclimáticos en tres áreas con diferente grado de intensidad lumínica y densidad de vegetación arbórea sobre la distribución de la diversidad registrada. Métodos: El estudio se realizó en el Parque Nacional Volcán Barú, Panamá. Se escogieron tres zonas con distinta densidad boscosa y especies del árbol hospedero, Comarostaphylis arbutoides y Quercus spp., considerando en total 60 árboles, 10 de cada especie en cada zona. Se registró la apertura del dosel próximo a los árboles hospederos y su diámetro a la altura del pecho. Se emplearon modelos lineales y análisis multivariados para determinar los cambios en la riqueza y composición de especies de macrolíquenes epífitas. Resultados: Los rasgos del árbol hospedero (e.g. especie y la zona condicionaron la riqueza de especies, mientras que las comunidades estuvieron limitadas por cambios microclimáticos (e.g luz) en las diferentes zonas. Conclusión: Las comunidades de macrolíquenes analizadas responden a cambios relacionados con la especie del árbol hospedero y microclima, por lo tanto, pueden ser considerados como indicadores de continuidad ecológica en bosques montanos tropicales.
Observaciones tipológicas sobre el simbolismo sonoro sinestésico en las lenguas indígenas de Colombia
Authors: Almanza Pumarejo Linda
Published: February 2025

El simbolismo sonoro sinestésico se identifica en la conexión entre patrones fonéticos y elementos no auditivos, como colores, texturas, formas, olores y sabores. Este estudio analiza las características de la manifestación de este tipo de asociación sonora en lenguas indígenas de Colombia mediante criterios de tipología estructural y areal. Para ello, se analizan listas Swadesh de 36 lenguas que cumplen con requisitos comparables en categorías visuales, junto con propiedades sonoras de vocales y consonantes. Los resultados se agruparon para generar mapas, estableciendo dos conjuntos de división areal: la conformación mínima de la macroárea colombiana y la Península de la Guajira, y la agrupación cuatripartita, que incluye la zona Wayuunaiki, zona Vaupés, andoque y periferia occidental, zona de Gente de Centro (Echeverri, 2022) y Vichada; y el conjunto de la zona andina mayoritaria con la Amazonía discontinua oriental. A nivel estructural, se reconoce que la consonante sorda es recurrente en la expresión de pequeñez, luminosidad y formas puntiagudas, mientras que las vocales abiertas son la clase de sonido más común para representar ideas relacionadas con grandeza, oscuridad y redondez.
La diátesis en la prensa deportiva española en catalán y en castellano: ¿una herramienta de exclusión?
Authors: Harjus Jannis
Published: February 2025

La parcialidad y las construcciones de rivalidad se expresan en varios niveles en periódicos deportivos catalanófonos e hispanófonos. A partir de un corpus de más de 500 textos periodísticos, este artículo examina hasta qué punto las desagentivaciones mediante diátesis y reordenaciones de roles semánticos generan parcialidad en la prensa deportiva en España. En estos discursos mediáticos sobre el llamado clásico del fútbol español, es decir, el Real Madrid contra el FC Barcelona, a menudo se niega al otro equipo y a los otros futbolistas el papel de agente. En su lugar, se les desagentiviza recurriendo a diátesis recesivas, pasivas y a la diátesis con se (o es en catalán). Lo mismo ocurre con los roles semánticos supuestamente alterados, es decir, la redistribución de la estructura sintáctica en la estructura superficial de una frase podría dar al receptor del texto la impresión de que una acción o un proceso tiene la posición de agente ―aunque de facto, por supuesto, no la tiene― o una fuerza aparentemente intrínseca que se maneja sin el agente actuante real.
Máscara, nacionalismo y parodia en “Las doce figuras del mundo” de Honorio Bustos Domecq
Authors: Colín Medina Heladio
Published: February 2025

El artículo explora cómo, a partir de una estructura meramente policiaca de “Las doce figuras del mundo”, Jorge Luis Borges y Adolfo Bioy Casares, a través de la máscara (Honorio Bustos Domecq), insertan una relectura del nacionalismo de derecha durante la Década Infame en Argentina. Para hacerlo, se apoyan de dos parodias; primero, del canon policial clásico (estructura narrativa); y, segundo, del nacionalismo de derecha. Así, se ha encontrado que se trata de un relato con una intención de crítica social.
A komparatív parentetikus tagmondatok bal perifériája
Authors: Bacskai-Atkari Julia
Published: February 2025

The article provides a theoretical approach towards the syntax of comparative parenthetical clauses in Hungarian, introduced by the complementiser mint ‘as’, examining their relation to comparative subclauses, which are also introduced by mint ‘as/than’. Apart from there being similarities between the two types, considerable differences are expected to arise due to the general observation that while subordinate clauses are syntactically linked to a matrix clause, parenthetical clauses are known to lack such a link to their host clause. Parenthetical clauses establish a one-way relationship towards their host clause by means of a zero operator that is independent from comparatives, and hence this operator shows interaction with the comparative operator, which happens to be visible in Hungarian. The investigation is also extended to German and English, which have no overt comparative operators, yet they show that the parenthetical clause can be larger than a subordinate clause.
Régi problémák, új megoldások: manysi nyelvtanítás az alternatív és közoktatási intézményekben
Authors: Horváth Csilla
Published: February 2025

The Mansi language is a severely endangered Uralic minority language spoken in Western Siberia, used in a Russian-dominated, multiethnic and multilingual environment. Most of the Mansi population lives in towns and cities, Mansi children grow up in multiethnic families with Russian as the common language. Since the family cannot serve as the most stable base of language acquisition and language use, education plays an even more important role in fostering the spread of bilingualism and reversing language shift. In this paper I present an analysis and comparison of teaching methods used in governmental and alternative educational institutions, coping with the problems of teaching Mansi as a heritage language.
A lexikális közvetítés mint a nyelvi areák domináns nyelvének jellemző működési mechanizmusa
Authors: Agyagási Klára
Published: February 2025

In the first part of the paper the author provides an overview of the typology of language areas, the possible working mechanisms of the dominant languages in general, and a short characterisation of the Volga–Kama language area. The second part contains a case study: the author demonstrates the concrete phonetic details of the borrowing of Old Russian čarka ’goblet’ by the different Volga Bulgarian dialects and shows the two ways of its transmission to Mari.
Flaws of anti-corruption law. Selected aspects against the evolution of the rule of law in Poland
Authors:   University of Szczecin, Piątek Jarosław
Published: February 2025

The phenomenon of corruption is becoming more and more common in Poland as much as it is throughout the world. The topic returns and it is still relevant. For the average person, this issue is often not entirely clear and requires a moment of reflection and analysis. Historical events often prevail when carefully assessing corruption. Many people do not understand that the abuse of public figures’ positions to achieve private gains, both financial and personal, is a crime. We deal with many types of corruption in today’s world. Corruption is present not only in central administration, but also in local government, where conflicts of interest deeply rooted in local economic, political, or official activities, are a frequent occurrence. The desire to improve one’s social or economic status often leads to committing crimes. The problem should worry and motivate us to take extensive actions to combat its mechanisms. It is worth emphasizing that public awareness of corruption activities, especially among the generation who lived in the times of the Polish People’s Republic, is low. Assessments and attitudes towards corruption change with age. The younger generation sees a connection between corruption and the actions of local government officials in many aspects. As a result, they associate corruption with a threat to their own security.
Corruption in local government units in Poland – sources and causes
Authors:   John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Filipek Magdalena
Published: February 2025

The aim of this paper is to present the problem of corruption in local government entities. It addresses the sources and causes, as well as attempts to completely eliminate corruption from public life. The article serves as a review and introduction to the issues related to corruption in local government, its sources, and causes.
POTENTIALITIES AND LIMITS OF FEDERAL PROGRAMS PIBID AND PEDAGOGICAL RESIDENCY: A STATE OF KNOWLEDGE
Authors: VANZUITA ALEXANDRE , GUÉRIOS JULIANA
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT: This study presents a mapping of theses and dissertations related to federal programs focused on teaching initiation, Pibid, and Pedagogical Residency (PR), in the Capes Digital Catalogue of Theses and Dissertations and the Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations - BDTD -, from 2010 to 2020. It aims to understand, through already conducted research, how Pibid and RP impact experiences in the teacher training process. A descriptive and interpretative analysis, of the state-of-knowledge type, was carried out on studies related to initial teacher training in the Pibid and PR programs, highlighting as main limitations: the restriction on the number of scholarships offered and weaknesses within IES curriculums, internships, and teaching initiation programs. As potentialities, the studies pointed out: insertion in the school’s daily life, paid scholarship, methodologies adopted, and the approximation of universities with Basic Education. The results point to possible contributions in constructing the teacher’s identity during initial education, as they collaborate in the qualification of the future teacher, towards an authorial and emancipatory training based on research, bringing university and school closer together, articulating theory and practice.
Genetic improvement of cooking time in common bean: the role of dominance
Authors: Melo Rita Carolina de , Coimbra Jefferson Luís Meirelles , Carbonari Luan Tiago dos Santos , Cerutti Paulo Henrique , Guidolin Altamir Frederico
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to understand how the genetic components involved in cooking time behave from the first generations of self-fertilization to the formation of lines. Two targeted crosses were used, resulting in segregating progenies at different heterozygosity levels (F2, F3, F8, and F9). Cooking time was determined using the Mattson cooker. Variance components were estimated based on the mixed model, and additive and non-additive fractions were calculated using the Cockerham method. Additionally, scale tests were performed, including inbreeding as a genetic parameter. Regardless of the hierarchical variance model in the segregating families tested, the dominance component was at least twice as high as the additive variance fraction. This was also corroborated by the scale tests, with a predominance of the dominance over the additive component, primarily in the cross between different commercial groups (carioca x black), where the additive component was zero. Additionally, this resulted in a lower broad-sense heritability coefficient, indicating a greater influence of non-genetic causes. The role of dominance in cooking time implies the need to select genotypes at advanced inbreeding stages, but variation should be represented at this stage by selecting parent plants with shorter cooking times.
Triple burden of mortality in municipalities in Minas Gerais according to the Global Burden of Disease study, 2000 to 2018
Authors: Malta Deborah Carvalho , Cardoso Laís Santos de Magalhães , Veloso Guilherme Augusto , Teixeira Renato Azeredo , Soares Filho Adauto Martins , Souza Juliana Bottoni de , Gomes Crizian Saar , Cunningham Matthew , Ribeiro Antonio Luiz Pinho , Naghavi Mohsen
Published: February 2025

Abstract To describe the temporal evolution of the main causes of mortality in Minas Gerais (MG), Brazil, and to verify the association with socioeconomic indicators. This is a mixed ecological study in which age-standardized mortality rates were calculated per 100,000 inhabitants due to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), communicable, neonatal and nutritional diseases (NNDs) and external causes (ECs) for 853 municipalities in MG, according to data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, in the three-year periods 2000 to 2002 (T1), 2009 to 2011 (T2) and 2016 to 2018 (T3). Between T1 and T3, mortality due to NCDs predominated; there was a 22.4% decrease in the rates for NCDs (553.6 to 429.9) and a 29% decrease in the rates for NCDs (83 to 58.9), and a 3.5% increase in EC (62.2 to 64.4). The correlation coefficients were positive (R > 0.70; p < 0.05) and higher mortality rates were found in areas with worse socioeconomic status.
Bancos de alimentos brasileiros: como avaliá-los?
Authors: Tenuta Natalia , Teixeira Romero Alves , Souza Anelise Andrade de , Miranda Wanessa Debôrtoli de , Paes-Sousa Rômulo
Published: February 2025

Resumo Bancos de alimentos são infraestruturas direcionadas à redução de perdas e desperdícios de alimentos, à garantia da segurança alimentar e nutricional e à promoção de educação alimentar e nutricional. Embora sejam equipamentos com seu impacto reconhecido, há uma lacuna de como avaliá-los e de como produzir resultados que contribuam para o aprimoramento da sua atuação. Trata-se de uma proposta teórico-metodológica para avaliação de implementação de bancos de alimentos brasileiros que pretende oferecer instrumentos e técnicas para identificar se a relação entre seus insumos, processos e produtos estão compatíveis com o esperado. Baseada nos elementos de um mapa de processos e resultados para bancos de alimentos, a proposta apresenta um plano de avaliação de implementação em cinco etapas, contendo instrumentos e técnicas de mensuração dos resultados. Este plano de avaliação está organizado em seis dimensões analíticas compostas por indicadores que evidenciarão diagnósticos de implementação de bancos de alimentos geridos em qualquer das quatro modalidades atualmente existentes no Brasil. Espera-se que a proposta ora apresentada contribua para a produção de metodologias direcionadas à avaliação de bancos de alimentos.
Low weight/length ratio at birth is associated with hospitalizations during the first year of life: a cohort study
Authors: Comin Rafaela Caroline , Rocha Paulo Ricardo Higassiaraguti , Cardoso Viviane Cunha , Carmona Fabio
Published: February 2025

Abstract The aim is to study the association of a low birth weight/length ratio (W/L) with the risk of hospitalizations during the first year of life (YOL). Cohort study of live births from Ribeirão Preto, Brazil in 2010 and 2011. Low W/L was defined as below the 3rd percentile for gestational age (GA) and sex according to the Intergrowth 21st. Single and multiple Cox proportional hazards models were modelled. 4,087 children were included, of which 741 (18.1%) had been hospitalized at least once during the first YOL. In the univariate analysis, the factors associated with increased risk of the outcome were: low W/L, inadequate prenatal care, maternal hypertension, black skin color, and using the public health system. In the multivariate analysis, a low birth W/L was associated with greater risk of all hospitalizations [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 2.67, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.98, 3.60], but this association disappeared when we excluded neonatal hospitalizations (aHR 1.58, 95%CI 0.98, 2.54). A low birth W/L for GA and sex was not associated with an increased risk of hospitalizations during the first YOL beyond the neonatal period in a Brazilian cohort of live births.
Board level solder joint analysis of ball grid array package under drop test using finite element methods
Authors: Yagnamurthy Venkata Naga Chandana , Nathi Venu Kumar
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT Handheld electronic devices are vulnerable to drop impacts, leading to mechanical damage and electrical failures such as PCB cracking, trace damage, solder joint fractures, and component breakage. This study investigates the reliability of solder joints in Ball Grid Array (BGA) packages by examining their dynamic response under board-level drop impacts using Finite Element methods. Explicit dynamic analysis employing the Input-G method, in accordance with JEDEC guidelines, was used to simulate the printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) model. Results reveal that solder balls on the board side are more critical than those on the package side, with corner-most solder balls near the board edges identified as the most vulnerable, experiencing maximum peel stress of 162.12 MPa and strain of 0.001048. Analysis of radial displacement and drop orientation showed that BGA packages positioned closer to PCB edges exhibit greater reliability than those at the centre. The face-down drop orientation was identified as the most vulnerable configuration. Structural optimization of the PCBA, incorporating factors such as solder ball pitch, PCB thickness, and solder ball diameter, significantly improves reliability, underscoring the importance of these parameters in ensuring the long-term durability of the assembly.
Nutrient export in sour passion fruit cultivars irrigated with saline water and cattle manure biofertilizer
Authors: Medeiros Ana V. M. de , Cavalcante Lourival F. , Souto Antônio G. de L. , Silva Luan dos S. , Freitas Marta S. M. , Silva Roseano M. da , Dantas Tony A. G. , Cavalcante Ítalo H. L. , Oliveira Francisco É. R. de , Silva Eulene F. da
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT Nutrient export analysis is a reliable parameter to help sour passion fruit producers in the recommendation of fertilization and replacement nutrients to plants. Among the factors that can reduce export of nutrients to the fruits of sour passion fruit, the low-quality genetic material, inadequate supply of nutrients to the plants, and irrigation with saline water are the most limiting. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the liquid cattle manure biofertilizer in the soil on the export of nutrients by the harvest of fruits of sour passion fruit cultivars irrigated with moderately saline water. The experiment was conducted in Nova Floresta, Paraíba, Brazil, in a randomized block design and in a 3 × 5 factorial scheme, with three replicates and three plants per plot, referring to three cultivars (‘Guinezinho’, ‘BRS SC1’, and ‘BRS GA1’) and five concentrations of biofertilizer (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40%), applied monthly in a constant volume of 5 L per plant with water of 1.2 dS m-1. Liquid cattle manure biofertilizer should be applied at concentration of 40%, as it promotes an increase in the export of phosphorus, potassium, and copper to the fruits. ‘Guinezinho’ and ‘BRS GA1’ were the sour passion fruit cultivars that showed the highest export of nutrients by fruits. Nitrogen and copper were, respectively, the most and least exported elements to fruits of sour passion fruit, in the following order of export: [N > K > Ca > Mg > P] > [Fe > Zn > Mn > Cu].
Preliminary selection of F1 maize hybrids for saline soils in the Yaqui Valley, Mexico
Authors: Pérez-López Lorenzo , Martínez Leandris Argentel , Peñuelas-Rubio Ofelda , Moscoso Joe L. Arias , Aguilera Jorge González , Cervantes-Ortiz Francisco , Aguirre-Mancilla Cesar L. , Chávez Citlali Colin
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT Hybridization as part of a maize breeding program for salinity tolerance can contribute to increasing the profitability of saline soils and mitigating the deleterious effects of salt stress on plants. The present study aimed to evaluate the physiological and grain yield performance of 42 F1 hybrids obtained from a diallelic design based on Griffing’s method I to develop a preliminary selection of the best hybrids for use in moderately saline soil for future research in the Yaqui Valley, Sonora, Mexico. These crosses were evaluated under moderately saline soil conditions, in a lattice (7 × 7) design with four replications. Six variables related to plant gas exchange, and grain yield were evaluated. ANOVA was performed for all evaluated variables, and when significant differences were found between hybrids, means were compared by Tukey’s post hoc test at 1%. Pearson correlations were estimated between all variables. Most of the variables exhibited statistical differences, with the exception of the chlorophyll content and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The differences within the variables maximum photosynthesis, transpiration, water use efficiency and stomatal conductance revealed a genetic variability within the hybrids under moderate salinity conditions. These results allowed us to propose hybrids with high photosynthesis (>27 µmol CO2 m-2 s-1), medium transpiration (2-3 µmol H2O m-2 s-1), high water use efficiency (>8 µmol CO2 µmol H2O m-2 s-1), and high yield (> 13 t ha-1) as selection criteria for moderately saline soils.
GLOSSITE VIRAL EM BOVINO: SUA POSSÍVEL RELAÇÃO COM A OCORRÊNCIA DE "NÓDULO DOS ORDENHADORES"
Authors: Marques S.A. , Portugal M.A.S.C. , Guerra J.L. , Oliveira J.M.
Published: February 2025

RESUMO Descreve-se a ocorrência de glossite viral acometendo bezerros. Os autores discutem os aspectos clínicos e anatomo-patológicos das lesões e caracterizam, através da microscopia eletrônica de transmissão, a presença de partículas virais do grupo Pox. Paralelamente é registrada a ocorrência de lesão nodular em dedo de um ordenhador, considerando-se a possibilidade de relação entre os dois eventos.
LISTERIOSE ESPORÁDICA EM BOVINO
Authors: Calil E.M.B. , Baldassi L. , Moulin A.A.P. , Hipólito M. , Portugal M.A.S.C.
Published: February 2025

RESUMO Relata-se a ocorrência de um caso esporádico de listeriose em bezerro de propriedade deexploração leiteira, no Estado de São Paulo. O evento foi único no rebanho e o animal apresentou a sintomatologia classicamente descrita, como incoordenação motora, andar em círculo, perda do equilíbrio, opistótono e prostração seguida de morte. Do líquido cefaloraquidiano bem como do fragmento de sistema nervoso central (SNC) foi possível o isolamento de Listeria monocytogenes. Os autores consideram a possibilidade da silagem fornecida aos animais, ter se constituído na fonte de infecção.
TUBERCULOSE BOVINA: REVISÃO
Authors: Roxo E.
Published: February 2025

RESUMO A tuberculose bovina, como a humana, volta a assumir grande importância em todo o mundo, especialmente nos países em desenvolvimento, alcançando índices acima de 1%, acometendo aproximadamente 3,5 milhões de animais só entre Brasil e Argentina. Crescentes são as perdas econômicas com baixa na produtividade do rebanho e condenação de carcaças em matadouro. Não se sabe em nosso meio areal importância doM.bovis como doença de caráter profissional ou sua transmissão àpopulação através do consumo de leite e seus derivados. Conceitos de epidemiologia, patogenia e diagnóstico são revistos com a finalidade de atualizar os conhecimentos e uniformizar a conduta de combate à enfermidade, baseando-se na experiência de outros países.
DEGRADAÇÃO ACELERADA DE LINURON NO SOLO EM CONDIÇÕES DE LABORATÓRIO
Authors: Blanco H. García , Blanco F.M. García.
Published: February 2025

RESUMO A degradação do linuron, determinada pela sua persistência biológica no solo, foi estudada em condições de laboratório, utilizando-se bioensaios conduzidos em condições climáticas padronizadas, tendo o sorgo como planta indicadora. Numaprimeira série debioensaios, a persistência foideterminada em função do substrato utilizado: solo agrícola natural(A), pobreemmicrorganismos;solo Aautoclavado; solo Aenriquecido (p/p) coin 1%ou 2% deglucose; solo A com 10% de esterco de curral (p/p); e solo de bosque (B) rico em matéria orgânica. Em ensaio posterior a persistência foi verificada emfunção de tratamentos repetidos delinuron (uma, duas, três, quatroou cinco aplicações) em substrato adequado para desenvolvimento de microrganismos (solo A+ 10% de glucose). Os resultados demonstraram a ocorrência dedegradação acelerada de linuron quando aplicado repetidas vezes em um mesmo solo. A persistência fitotóxica do linuron foi maior em substratos pobres em microrganismosem relação àqueles ricos em matéria orgânica ou enriquecidos com glucose ou esterco, comprovando a biodegradação do produto.
ESTUDO DA MASTITE SUBCLÍNICA EM REBANHO GIR E MESTIÇO (HOLANDÊS X GIR) II. PREVALÊNCIA, ETIOLOGIA E SENSIBILIDADE
Authors: Grasso L.M.P.S. , Veríssimo C.J. , Silva D.M. , Hipolito M. , Otsuk I.P.
Published: February 2025

RESUMO Com o objetivo de monitorar a ocorrência de mastite subclínica em um rebanho composto por vacas zebuínas (Gir) e mestiças (Holandês x Gir), localizado em Ribeirão Preto, SP, foi realizado o presente estudo. Um total de 373 amostras de leite foi colhido de vacas positivas ao teste CMT em 7 ocasiões, no período de junho/1992 ajaneiro/1994. O índice médio de vacas positivas para mastite subclínica encontrado no rebanho foi elevado (47,63%), não havendo diferença significativa entre o índice obtido para as vacas Gire para as mestiças em nenhuma das 7 observações realizadas no período. A bactéria prevalente no rebanho foi Staphylococcus spp, seguido de Escherichia coli e outras enterobactérias, Streptococcus spp e Corynebacterium spp, com respectivamente 87,0%, 25,6%, 17,9% e 4,0% de isolamentos em cultura pura e em associações, nas amostras em que houve crescimento bacteriano (86,9%). O gênero Pasteurella spp foi encontrado em 1,8% dessas amostras em associação com outras bactérias. Pelo estudo de sensibilidade das bactérias à diferentes drogas antimicrobianas, verificou-se que a cefalosporina foi a droga de melhor eficácia contra as bactérias mais prevalentes (Staphylococcus spp, E.coli e Streptococcus spp) com 99,7% de amostras sensíveis, seguida de cloranfenicol com 96,6%, gentamicina 93,4%, kanamicina 93,0%, fluorquinolona 89,5%, ampicilina 86,5%, neomicina 83,6% e espiramicina 76,4%.
Restrição proteica na DRC: uma estratégia obsoleta na era moderna
Authors: Bawazir Abdullah , Topf Joel M , Hiremath Swapnil
Published: February 2025

Resumo Tradicionalmente, o manejo da doença renal crônica (DRC) tem enfatizado a restrição dietética de proteínas para retardar a progressão da doença e atrasar a doença renal em estágio terminal (DRET). No entanto, evidências de estudos clínicos questionam a suposta eficácia dessa abordagem e também destacam potenciais riscos, como desnutrição e redução da qualidade de vida. Esta revisão discute os fundamentos para a restrição proteica na DRC, apresenta críticas às evidências existentes e defende um cuidado personalizado que priorize a adequação nutricional e uma farmacoterapia eficaz. Avanços importantes no tratamento da DRC, incluindo inibidores da ECA, inibidores de SGLT2 e agonistas do receptor de GLP-1, são discutidos com o objetivo de propor uma estratégia abrangente que otimize os desfechos dos pacientes.
Contribuição institucional na promoção do aleitamento materno de mulheres trabalhadoras para o alcance dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável
Authors: Santos Isis Leticia Brasil dos , Girianelli Vania Reis
Published: February 2025

Resumo Introdução Os benefícios do aleitamento materno são cientificamente comprovados e recomendados, por promoverem a saúde não somente da criança, como da mãe. Ações de promoção e proteção ao aleitamento materno no ambiente de trabalho favorecem a melhora desses indicadores, além do potencial de contribuir para o alcance dos Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS). Objetivo Discutir o impacto da promoção do aleitamento materno no ambiente de trabalho para o alcance dos ODS. Métodos Trata-se de um ensaio que discute o impacto da promoção do aleitamento materno no trabalho no alcance dos ODS. Resultados O aumento nos indicadores de aleitamento materno contribui para os ODS 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 10, 12 e 13. Sendo que a promoção institucional do aleitamento no trabalho pode cooperar com os ODS 3, 5 e 8. Conclusão A promoção e a proteção do aleitamento das trabalhadoras têm potencial para o alcance de oito dos 17 ODS.
Concentrar os alunos em menos escolas melhora os resultados educativos? Uma análise do caso português (2005–2021)
Authors: Abrantes Pedro
Published: February 2025

Resumo O artigo centra-se na consolidação da rede educativa, em Portugal, a qual reduziu o número de escolas para cerca de metade, nas últimas duas décadas, explorando seus impactos económicos e educativos. Parte-se de uma revisão da literatura, incluindo estudos que têm analisado processos análogos em diferentes regiões do mundo, assim como aqueles que permitem contextualizar a realidade portuguesa. Em seguida, providencia-se uma análise estatística da evolução dos indicadores educativos nos 278 municípios, correlacionando políticas de consolidação com perfis territoriais, rácios de alunos por professor e taxas de sucesso educativo. Entre os principais resultados, destaca-se o facto de as políticas de consolidação não terem reduzido os padrões de contratação docente e favorecerem uma melhoria dos resultados escolares, sobretudo, nos municípios em que a rede educativa era muito fragmentada. Relacionam-se estes resultados com especificidades do contexto e das políticas, aconselhando-se prudência na sua generalização.
Compounding in the Slot Structure Model
Authors: Benavides Carlos
Published: February 2025

Finding the range of possible semantic relations between the constituents of a compound has been an elusive goal. The current paper presents a model of compound formation with the goal of demonstrating how the meaning of a compound is built from that of its constituents, and the relations between them, within the framework of the Slot Structure Model (SSM) (Benavides 2003, 2009, 2010, 2022). The SSM is a constraint-based model of morphology that is based on percolation of both syntactic and semantic features and on slot structure, which organizes the information in the lexical entries of words and affixes. The SSM is partly based on the dual-route model of morphology. It is shown that analyzing compound formation using SSM brings with it several advantages, including a more comprehensive explanation of how the semantics of compounding works; a more systematic way to determine the headedness of a compound; the ability to explain the generativity of compounds on the basis of the actual and potential information contained in the lexical entries of the components; and the simplification of the interpretation of compounds, due to the structure of the lexical information involved in the determination of compound meaning. The analysis of compounds based on Conceptual Semantics is taken as a basis for comparison. The current paper provides an account for a wide range of compound types, including NN, NA, AN, VN, and AA, in English, Spanish and German. Example compounds to support the analysis have been obtained from corpora and other sources.
Schools as learning organisations for educators in post-apartheid South Africa: An education law and policy perspective
Authors: Mollo Nicholus Tumelo
Published: February 2025

Schools as learning organisations (hereinafter referred to as SLOs) for educators should be regulated and guided by education law and policies to ensure that educators acquire the required knowledge, skills and values. This study provides answers to the following research questions: (i) How do the South African education law and education policies regulate and guide SLOs? (ii) How are the South African education law and education policies that regulate and guide SLOs translated into practice? Research on SLOs has often focused more on non-legal and non-policy aspects. This study intends to close this research gap. A review of existing literature and the analysis of educational law and policy sources was conducted which is underpinned by the three SLOs’ dimensions of the Marsick and Watkins model. The two main findings are: (i) There are sufficient education law and education policies that regulate and guide SLOs in South Africa. (ii) The existing education law and education policies that regulate and guide SLOs for educators have not yet been successfully translated into practice. This study provides educators, school management team members and officials of the Department of Basic Education with recommendations that they can use to enable schools to become SLOs.