bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Indoor air quality in natural-ventilated bedrooms in renovated Norwegian houses
Authors: Heide Vegard , Skyttern Silje , Georges Laurent
Published: March 2021

The objective of this work is to investigate the indoor environment in bedrooms ventilated by window opening during night-time. How window opening behaviour affects indoor air quality (IAQ), and how window opening behaviour and IAQ is influenced by external factors, are important questions. The context is renovation of detached wooden houses in Norway. To motivate building owners to renovate their ventilation system, it is important to know the typical indoor environment in bedrooms of existing buildings with natural ventilation. Ten bedrooms in six case houses were investigated by measuring temperature, relative humidity, CO2, particulate matter, formaldehyde and TVOC. The window opening angle was also logged with an accelerometer. The measurements were conducted over 2 to 3 weeks, during March and April. The dwellings were renovated single-family and terraced houses from 1950 – 80, in Trondheim. All the bedrooms had natural ventilation, and the occupants stated they used to open bedroom windows at night. Participants answered a questionnaire about motivations and habits regarding window opening. The most common reason given for not opening was low outdoor temperatures. The window opening behaviour was both predictable and continuous. Windows were open every night in most of the bedrooms, and most of the windows were opened to the same position every night. High CO2 levels during night were found in two bedrooms. In the other bedrooms, the CO2 concentration was satisfying during night-time, although higher concentrations were found in some bedrooms during daytime. Finally, indoor temperature measurements confirmed that many occupants prefer a low bedroom temperature.
The effect of biogas fermentation assisted by simple solar greenhouse
Authors: Shao Xiaolu , Su Xing , Tian Shaochen , Cai Jian
Published: March 2021

Biogas fermentation rate is largely affected by environment temperature, causing a much more difficult production of biogas digesters in cold winter, for most regions in China. Combining the abundant solar energy resources and biomass dry anaerobic fermentation together, solar thermal energy can guarantee the production of biogas in winter. With this method, the prediction of the appropriate fermentation temperature is required. In this study, the effect of temperature on biogas fermentation was studied. To predict the fermentation temperature, a heat transfer model of biogas fermentation based on a project in city Xuzhou, which assisted with a simple solar greenhouse, was established according to the heat transfer theory. The maximum difference between the measured and calculated fermentation temperature was 2%. The effect of biogas fermentation assisted by simple solar greenhouse in typical city of different climate zones, including severe cold region, cold region and hot summer and cold winter region, was studied with the combination of heat transfer model and temperature-based biogas production rates prediction model. The results showed that, the gas production rate of biogas fermentation increases with the increase of temperature in a certain range. Assisted by simple solar greenhouse, the biogas digester temperature is increased by 6~8°C compared with the previous one, ensuring a better daily gas production rate of 0.5~0.7m3/m3 in winter.
A multi-year analysis of Canadian Arctic historical weather data in support of solar and wind renewable energy deployment
Authors: Wills Adam , Banister Carsen , Pellissier Mathieu , Berquist Justin
Published: March 2021

This work explores the importance of renewable resource temporal distribution for solar and wind energy deployment in Arctic communities to meet building and ancillary loads. An analysis of ten years of historic weather data was performed for six locations in the Canadian Arctic to assess renewable resource variation. Simulations of similar capacity solar and wind generation systems were then coupled with the historic data to compare and contrast generation potential. This analysis highlighted the importance of considering hourly, daily, monthly, and year-to-year renewable generation when deploying solar and wind to the Arctic. As many northern communities in Canada have local electricity generation and distribution systems, and no connection to the continental grid, managing grid interactions effectively is crucial to the success of deployment, integration, and operation. The results for the solar energy analysis showed high consistency of production year-to-year. The results for the wind energy analysis showed that the annual outputs have significantly less variation than the year-to-year output of individual months for all the locations under study. For the high latitude locations studied, solar energy can still provide useful electricity generation output, but the more pronounced bias of the annual output to the summer months can leave several months with little or no output. The use of additional renewable sources is crucial in beginning to transition some electricity generating capacity within Arctic communities from being solely reliant on fossil fuels.
Measurement of domestic hot water consumption in hotel rooms with different basin and shower mixing taps
Authors: Walnum Harald Taxt , Stråby Karolina , Sørensen Åse Lekang
Published: March 2021

Domestic Hot Water (DHW) production constitutes a significant proportion of the energy demand of modern buildings, and as the building envelope is improved the share increases. This article shows results from a measurement campaign on two equal hotel blocks, in the same hotel. There are different basin and shower mixing taps installed in the two hotel blocks, one with original mixers (13–14 l/min) and one with touch-free operated water saving mixers (5–6 l/min). The number of guests were registered separately for the two blocks. The results indicate almost a one-to-one relationship between the difference in mixer and total water consumption, resulting in a potential energy saving of 50–60%. There are no indications that the reduced water flow results in increased duration of each individual shower. However, it is not known if this is due to the use of touch-free operated mixers. Feedback through complains from guests indicate somewhat reduced perceived comfort level from the water saving mixers, and some annoyance caused by the touch-free operation. The results indicate that optimal balance between user comfort and water saving is slightly higher water flow than the applied 5–6 l/min.
Data-driven analysis of electricity use for office buildings: a Norwegian case study
Authors: Ding Yuemin , Ding Yiyu , Nord Natasa
Published: March 2021

Buildings are major consumers of primary energy and main contributors to carbon emission. To improve energy efficiency, it is essential to understand the characteristics of energy use in buildings. This study uses an in-use office building with digital systems for monitoring and control in Trondheim, Norway, as the study case. Based on data collected from this office building, a data-driven analysis was conducted to capture the characteristics of electricity use of different parts in the office building. The approaches used in this study included statistical analysis and polynomial regression. The impact of occupancy level on the total electricity use, the electricity use in office areas, and that in corridors & meeting rooms was also studied. The hourly electricity use profiles were obtained for ventilation fans and the cantina. In the end, the electricity use characteristics and existing issues in this office building were discussed.
Evaluation of the energy performance and cost-benefit of innovative technologies in butcher’s shops
Authors: Lippens Jeroen , Lokere Saar , Barbary Wout , Breesch Hilde
Published: March 2021

The CO2 emissions and energy use of SMEs in the tertiary sector (e.g. small food and non-food shops, restaurants, offices, pubs, etc.) are high and there are few initiatives to reduce because this target group is difficult to reach due to small scale and diversity. The Flemish-Dutch TERTS project wants (1) to make the sector aware of the potential of and (2) to demonstrate energy transition and energy efficiency of innovative technologies. This paper is focussing on butcher’s shops. A reference model is made based on data of 90 existing shops in Flanders (Belgium). The energy use of the building and systems is calculated according to DIN V 15 899. The cost-benefit of various measures is calculated and compared. Results show that the main energy consumers of a butcher shop are cooling, lighting and domestic hot water, whereas heating only has a rather small contribution. There are several cooling needs: product-cooling (in walk-in freezers, walk-in coolers and the cooling counter) and cooling of the workshop. The combination of the following measures is concluded to be the most favourable and leads to a reduction in final energy consumption of 60 %: a reflective coating on the flat roof and extra roof insulation, relighting with LED, air-to-water heat pump for the generation of domestic hot water and PV panels as local energy generation.
Cost optimal investment in energy efficiency measures and energy supply system in a neighbourhood in Norway
Authors: Walnum Harald Taxt , Bagle Marius , Sørensen Åse Lekang , Fufa Selamawit Mamo
Published: March 2021

Building renovation is a key measure to reduce energy consumption and Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and ease the transition to a fully renewable energy system. This paper applies the IEA EBC Annex 75 methodology for investigating the cost optimal and environmental trade-off between investment in energy efficiency measures on the building envelope and energy supply, on a residential neighbourhood in Norway. Combination of different energy efficiency measures and energy supply systems are investigated with an optimal investment model. The cost and environmental impact of the combinations are evaluated. An important outcome is that within the evaluated combinations, the choice of energy supply system has little impact on the cost effectiveness of the energy efficiency measures. However, it has a significant impact on the GHG emissions. The results also highlight the importance of performing energy efficiency measures in coordination with other renovating measures, both regarding cost effectiveness and environmental impact. The results will not give a finite answer to what is the best solution but serves at a useful set of inputs for overall evaluations.
Simulation based assessment on representativeness of a new performance rating procedure for cold climate air source heat pumps
Authors: Lachance Alex , Tamasauskas Justin , Breton Stéphanie , Prud’homme Solange
Published: March 2021

Cold climate air-to-air heat pumps (CCHP) offer a strong potential for energy use reductions in Canadian homes. Proper selection of the unit is critical in order to take advantage of the improved efficiency and increased heat capacity at low ambient temperatures and ability to modulate to meet a wide range of heating loads. A new performance rating procedure (CSA EXP07) was developed to better represent the seasonal energy efficiency of CCHP systems versus current test procedures that do not always accurately characterize the response to dynamic loads in a colder climate zones, thus resulting in inaccurate equipment rating. To validate the representativeness of the new performance rating procedure and quantify the potential over-or underestimation of energy savings using current performance rating procedures, a CCHP data-driven model is developed and simulated in a code-compliant single-detached Canadian home for different climate regions: Marine, Cold-Humid, Cold-Dry, Very-Cold and Subarctic. These energy models then serve as the basis for comparing the seasonal heating coefficient of performance of a CCHP system, which can be compared to the current and newly proposed performance rating procedure.
A Novel Method for Designing Fifth-Generation District Heating and Cooling Systems
Authors: Abugabbara Marwan , Lindhe Jonas
Published: March 2021

District heating and cooling systems have been undergoing continuous development and have now reached the fifth-generation. In this innovative technology, connected buildings share local excess energy that otherwise would be wasted, which consequently reduces primary energy demands and carbon emissions. To date, the issue of implementing fifth-generation district systems on existing buildings has received scant attention, and our research addresses this challenging gap by proposing a novel method for designing these systems. We first explain the possible thermal interactions between connected buildings, and then present an analytical solution for the network energy balance, pipe design, and the prediction of fluid temperature under a fixed temperature difference control strategy. The analytical solution was validated against numerical simulations performed on 11 existing buildings located in Lund, Sweden using Modelica models. A diversity index metric between heating and cooling demands was also included in these models to assess the efficiency of the district system in the building cluster. The results from the analytical and numerical solutions were in complete agreement since Modelica is an equation-based modelling language. The developed models pave the way towards future investigations of different temperature control strategies and new business models that arise from the shift to the fifth-generation.
Analyzing energy flexibility by demand response in a Finnish district heated apartment building
Authors: Ju Yuchen , Jokisalo Juha , Kosonen Risto , Kauppi Ville , Janßen Philipp
Published: March 2021

In order to realize the vision of climate neutrality, the proportion of renewable sources is increasing in the energy system. To accommodate the energy system, demand response (DR) has been established to make the building energy use flexible. This study aims to investigate the effect of DR actions on energy flexibility in a Finnish district heated apartment building. The rule-based control algorithm was applied for the DR control of space heating based on the Finnish dynamic hourly district heat price. This research was implemented with the validated dynamic building simulation tool IDA ICE. The obtained results show that price fluctuation impacts the DR control and further affects the amount of charging and discharging energies. February has the maximum hourly district heat price with the largest variation, which results in the maximum charging energy of 968 kWh during a single charging period being close to the heat storage capacity of a fully mixed 28 m3 water tank with ∆T of 30 K. The studied demand response control can significantly shape the heating power demand of the buildings and increase the flexibility of the energy use.
Gray Box Time Variant Clogging behaviour and Pressure Drop Prediction of the Air Filter in the HVAC System
Authors: Alimohammadi Hossein , Vassiljeva Kristina , Petlenkov Eduard , Thalfeldt Martin , Mikola Alo , Kull Tuule Mall , Köse Ahmet
Published: March 2021

Identification and prediction of clogging behavior in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) filters is crucial to avoid issues such as system overheating, energy waste, lower indoor air quality, etc. Researchers are focusing more on the particle loading characteristics of a filter medium in a laboratory environment under steady-state conditions, fixed particle concentrations, area of porosity, dust feed and volumetric flow rate. However, recent research still shows uncertainties in modeling as well as the implementation problems of constructing the HVAC laboratory test bench and equipment. In addition, subjects such as non-uniform particle deposition depreciation of the condition and various type of mechanical filters such as fibrous, fabric, granular, and membrane filter or electrostatic filters which typically used in HVAC systems perform under some assumptions and still need more research. The studies become even more difficult acquiring a large number of time-varying and noisy signals. Another approach among studies is data-driven knowing that Building Automation System (BAS) is not equipped with appropriate sensor measuring the clogging, it is needed to drive the clogging mathematical model from the pressure drop signal. This paper bridges the gap between particle-size study and black box modeling of HVAC filter which has not received much attention from authors. The proposed method assumes that the pressure drop is the result of two time-varying functions; f(t), which represents the dynamics of clogging and, g(t), which refers to dynamics of remained terms. The exponential and polynomial of second order functions are proposed to express the clogging behavior. The software package based on Particle Swarm Optimization Artificial Bee Colony (PSOABC) algorithm, is developed and implemented to estimate the coefficients of the clogging functions based on smallest RMSE, high coefficient of correlation and acceptable tracking. Five Air Handling Unit (AHUs) are selected for practical verification of the model and the results show that the applied method can successfully predict clogging and pressure drop behaviour of HVAC filters.
Experimental study on the dynamic thermal response of a radiant floor system in an office building
Authors: Ren Jing , Su Meng , Zhao Xintian , Liu Jiying , Song Shoujie
Published: March 2021

The dynamic thermal performance of radiant terminal plays an important role in the design and control of radiant cooling system, which is shown as the dynamic thermal response of radiant floor system (RFS) under imposed control. In this paper, the field measurement method was used to study the dynamic thermal response of RFS. The RFS was activated in summer and the supply water temperature was regulated in winter to make dynamic change of thermal performance. The floor surface temperature was selected as the characteristic parameter to describe the dynamic heat transfer performance of the system, and response time τ95 and time constant τ63 were used to quantify the dynamic thermal response. The maximum τ95 was 13.5 h and τ95/τ63 was greater than or equal to 2 in the cooling mode, while τ95 and τ63 were both less than 10 h and τ95/τ63 was 1.6 in the heating mode. As a result, there was no significant lessening of temperature change rate, and the thermal response of RFS was faster under intermittent control of supply water temperature in winter. Therefore, the study aims at providing reference for making intermittent control strategy by using the dynamic thermal performance of radiant system.
Contributions to ventilation system demand response: a case study of an educational building
Authors: Maask Vahur , Mikola Alo , Korõtko Tarmo , Rosin Argo , Thalfeldt Martin
Published: March 2021

The increasing share of volatile renewable energy in the electricity grid increases the importance of load flexibility and Demand Response for balancing electricity supply with demand. Flexible loads in office buildings (e.g. educational buildings) are heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. This paper focuses on ventilation systems as flexible loads for providing ancillary services to the grid. A number of studies consider ventilation system control based only on demand or discuss possibilities of improving system performance. Previous studies provide little or no information about ventilation system flexibility, e.g. amount of power modulation, the rate of change, and the duration of how long the power level can be held. The described information is required by aggregators to provide load aggregation services for transmission system operators (TSO). This paper proposes a robust and model-free approach to estimate ventilation system flexibility according to CO2 concentration in extracted air. The proposed approach includes power regulation boundaries for the ventilation system and duration estimation when operating at the selected boundary. A case study is conducted on a ventilation system, which services an auditorium of an educational building. The current paper analyzes the proposed robust approach for estimating ventilation system flexibility and compares estimation to measured results.
Field test of active night cooling supplied by district cooling in three commercial buildings
Authors: Jangsten Maria , Lindholm Torbjörn , Dalenbäck Jan-Olof
Published: March 2021

Several previous studies have investigated active night cooling strategies to reduce the peak cooling load in buildings, primarily by precooling the building by the ventilation air during the night. In this study, active night cooling is supplied by the use of district cooling, mainly for cooling buildings by hydronic cooling systems, such as chilled beam or fan coil systems, but potentially also to cool the ventilation air if the outdoor air temperature is above the supply air temperature setpoint. A field test with active night cooling by district cooling was conducted during the summer of 2020 in three commercial buildings located in Gothenburg, Sweden. The active night cooling strategy was implemented by changing the time schedule operation of the buildings’ chilled beam systems to twenty-four hours per day for the first half of the summer and changing back to regular time schedules for the second half. The results showed that active night cooling failed to reduce the hourly maximum cooling power. However, the peak cooling load, corresponding to the 100 hours with the highest cooling power, was reduced with 6.5% for one of the buildings. Active night cooling also reduced the daytime energy usage between 0.7 and 4.6%. The field test demonstrated that some buildings and associated cooling systems are more compatible for active night cooling than others. The test also showed it was possible to achieve some cooling power and energy reductions with simple measures. However, providing active night cooling supplied by district cooling will cause additional costs for the building owners unless it is incentivized by the district cooling provider.
Water damages in HVAC, tap water and sewage systems in cold climates
Authors: Mattsson Christian , Nordquist Birgitta , Johansson Dennis , Wallentén Petter , Bagge Hans
Published: March 2021

Water damages in buildings in the Nordic countries results in costs amounting to several billion Euros each year as well as a great deal of unpleasantness. The vast majority of the water damages cost in Sweden is caused by leaks from buildings services in the form of piping such as tap water, sewage, drainage and heating, as well as through insufficiently waterproof layers in wet rooms. The economic potential for making measures to prevent water damages on building services and wet rooms is enormous and savings could be used for other sustainability measures in the built environment. The aim of this paper is to review statistics of damages caused in cold outdoor climates. This is done by an analyse of empirical damage statistics by a literature review of both scientific literature and in retrievable cases from practical experience. The result will be a help to focus on the right damage types in colder climate and will make a foundation for future research on how to prevent water damages. The cold climate in the Nordic countries seems to be a factor for the number of water damages due to freezing that are described in the statistics and it could be established that the impact of the climate should be considered and that it need to be constructed and designed for in a larger extent.
Primary Energy Balance driven Integrated Energy Design Process of Positive Energy Building
Authors: Tamm Meril , Ortiz Joana , Pascual Jordi , Kurnitski Jarek , Thalfeldt Martin , Salom Jaume
Published: March 2021

The ISO 52000–1:2017 is the overarching Energy Performance of Buildings (EPB) standard, providing the general framework of the EPB assessment. It is applicable to the assessment of overall energy use of a building, by measurement or calculation, and the calculation of energy performance in terms of primary energy or other energy-related metrics. ISO 52000–1 provides general profound guidelines, but also gives the freedom to adapt the guidelines with national standards and regulations. This article focuses on design stage energy performance assessment in the framework of syn.ikia project, which aims to deliver a blueprint for an Integrated Design Process of sustainable plus energy buildings and neighbourhoods, leading the way to plus energy districts and cities. This project has four demonstration sites and the one being in focus of this article is located in Catalonia, Spain. Even though this project and Spanish Technical code both are based on ISO 52000–1, the criteria of calculation boundaries of those two vary in some degree, and that can cause great difference in the primary energy balance. In the calculation of the energy balance the criteria of syn.ikia considers all common energy uses in a building, including heating, cooling, ventilation, dehumidification, domestic hot water and lighting, while the Spanish Technical Code excludes lighting consumption. The main difference however is caused due to the fact that in syn.ikia hypothesis the exported energy is being considered in the calculation of how much non-renewable energy is avoided from the grid, while Spanish Technical Code excludes it. For the evaluation of these differences, a simplified monthly primary energy calculation tool is developed during the evaluation framework of key performance indicators of the project. The analysis of the calculation framework hypothesis is presented, analyzing the effects of the assessment boundaries, different primary energy balance calculation hypothesis and building design alternatives.
Research on the variation of the inclusion and sulfur content in Pipeline steel
Authors: Zhang Tongsheng , Li Rensheng , Wang Wanlin , Dai Shifan , Lv Peisheng , Tian Yan
Published: March 2021

Pipeline steel is widely used in various industries, and the sulfur content and inclusions in steel have a significant impact on performance, which determines whether the steel quality is qualified. The experiments were carried out to explore the sulfur content and inclusion evolution of pipeline steel which was deoxidized by Si–Mn–Al with “EAF-LF-VD-T-CC”. The samples of molten steel and slag were taken during the process of LF-VD-Tundish after EAF tapping. The kinetics model was established to simulate the desulfuration process of molten steel in actual production, obtaining a result which the error is within 3 ppm. It can be summarized that proper calcium treatment can transform the inclusion into a liquid inclusion, the value of [Ca] ranges from 25 to 45 ppm. Too high and lower calcium treatment can cause the compositions of inclusions to deviate from the liquid phase area, while too low calcium treatment will increase the overall size and density of the inclusions. In addition, the evolution of inclusion in steel at refining temperature and during solidification process was comprehensively calculated, considering all types of inclusions such as calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, calcium sulfide, spinel, calcium aluminate and liquid inclusion. The thermodynamic calculations are in good agreement with experimental results, which can predict the formation of the inclusions in Si–Mn–Al deoxidized pipeline steel.
Dynamics of a Vector-Borne model with direct transmission and age of infection
Authors: Tuncer Necibe , Giri Sunil
Published: March 2021

In this paper we the study of dynamics of time since infection structured vector born model with the direct transmission. We use standard incidence term to model the new infections. We analyze the corresponding system of partial differential equation and obtain an explicit formula for the basic reproduction numberℜ0. The diseases-free equilibrium is locally and globally asymptotically stable whenever the basic reproduction number is less than one,ℜ0< 1. Endemic equilibrium exists and is locally asymptotically stable whenℜ0> 1. The disease will persist at the endemic equilibrium whenever the basic reproduction number is greater than one.
La confrontation aux risques à proximité d’ouvrages industriels : le cas des pêcheurs à la ligne
Authors: Guillaume Olivier
Published: March 2021

Attirés par de beaux salmonidés, la fraîcheur et la beauté des paysages, des pêcheurs à la ligne pratiquent leur loisir dans des zones de rivière ou de canaux classées dangereuses ou interdites car à proximité d’ouvrages industriels. Se confrontant aux risques des industries, sans les dénoncer voire en les minimisant, ils apprennent à en discerner les contours et développent des comportements de prévention qui peuvent les amener à transgresser des règles. Loin de se résumer à une seule explication individuelle, la confrontation aux risques et aux règles résulte de situations rendues ambiguës par des superpositions de lois ainsi que par le positionnement d’acteurs et d’institutions qui cherchent à préserver leurs activités et leurs relations avec les différents partenaires du territoire. Soumis aux limites des mesures classiques de réduction des risques, les différents acteurs du territoire tentent d’élaborer de nouvelles solutions en concertation.
Bioéconomie : un retour historique sur deux problématisations de l’usage des ressources renouvelables
Authors: Béfort Nicolas , Nieddu Martino
Published: March 2021

La définition d’une bioéconomie fondée sur l’usage des ressources renouvelables passe aujourd’hui par un intense travail institutionnel de construction de « visions du futur ». Elles portent sur la problématisation des formes de l’industrie envisagée, de ses rapports au « reste du monde » et sur la régulation du changement. Elles sont des grands récits à vocation performative portant sur les promesses technico-économiques et la nécessité de participer à d’inévitables ruptures schumpétériennes. Une façon de les discuter est d’explorer dans l’Histoire des moments identiques. Nous en avons retenu deux : (1) Les années 1920-1930 aux États-Unis, où certains acteurs s’allient pour donner naissance à unechemurgycréant des produits industriels sur substrat agricole. (2) Les années 1976-1980, où la crise de la chimie à base de pétrole conduit à envisager un renouveau à partir d’une chimie des sucres.
NUWARD™, le SMR français
Authors:   La rédaction
Published: March 2021

Le projet SMR français va permettre à la filière de compléter sa gamme de réacteurs pour répondre à l’ensemble des attentes en matière de nouveau nucléaire dans le monde. Avec une puissance visée de 340 MW par réacteur, le projet NUWARD™ sera un levier supplémentaire pour décarboner l’économie mondiale, soit en remplacement de centrales fossiles en exploitation ou pour accompagner l’électrification sans CO2 de pays émergents.
On the Way to Novelty - Society of Ambient Intelligence
Authors: Hushko Serhii , Solovieva Victoria , Shaikan Andrii , Khvostina Inesa , Semerikov Serhii
Published: March 2021

The ability to bring benefit to the society with the help of the artificial intelligence technologies within the short time drives the developers in many spheres. Modern developments are used to confirm the economic theories, in law-making, technical developments in the field of verification, data updating, security and control.
Digital Audit as an Imperative for Ukraine’s Way out From the COVID-crisis and a Tool to Increase the Competitveness of the State
Authors: Nazarova Karina , Nezhyva Mariia , Hotsuliak Volodymyr , Novikova Nataliia , Fedorenko Oleksandra
Published: March 2021

The article is devoted to the issues of organization and prospects of audit development in terms of digitalization. The state and the measures needed to improve audit effectiveness in the context of automation are investigated and analyzed. The factors that negatively influence the audit digitization process and the possible directions of development of audit activity in the computerized environment are identified. The use of automation helps auditors process more data and focus on identifying risks, allowing for higher quality audits. Classification of information technology of audit, conditions for the development of audit software, factors that impede audit automation are given. Audit digitization is a new level in the audit field that is rapidly evolving and rapidly expanding in enterprises, especially those that use an automated accounting method. The software currently used by auditors needs to be refined to meet the demands of today's world. Digitization will become relevant for all audit firms seeking to gain competitive advantage and take a place in the audit services market.
The Use of Information Technology in Financial Management
Authors: Prikhno Iryna , Kuksa Valentyna , Mihaylov Ivaylo
Published: March 2021

The article explores the concept of information technology and clarifies the essence of information technology in finance. The types of information technology in finance have been studied and their classification according to business entities has been carried out. A brief description of the main software products, the purpose of which is to ensure the implementation of the process of automation of financial research is given. The main tools for managing household (or person) finance using modern information technology are presented. The implementation of e-government in Ukraine is analyzed. The evaluation of the effectiveness of e-government implementation with the help of E-Government Development Index in Eastern European countries and in Ukraine is performed. A detailed analysis of the E-Government Development Index in Ukraine using a system of indicators has been studied. Digital technologies in the economy in general and in finance in particular have been studied separately. The indicators of world indexes digital economy development for Ukraine and for Eastern European countries are analyzed. The advantages and problems of the modern cryptocurrency market are clarified. The main directions of using artificial intelligence in finance are determine.
Tools to Support the Development and Promotion of Innovative Projects
Authors: Okhunov Dilshod , Semenov Sergei , Gulyamov Saidahror , Okhunova Dilorom , Okhunov Mamatjon
Published: March 2021

Competitiveness and efficiency in the modern economy are based on innovation. It is necessary to ensure the flow of well-founded innovative projects. This requires funds to support the creation and promotion of these projects. These tools include innovation methodology, mathematical models and methods, software and information tools, and other types of software. All these tools are implemented as services of a digital platform based on cloud technologies and available to various categories of users. This platform is being developed in research Institute of CPI, Tver, Russia.
The Impact of Industry 4.0 Technologies on Structural Transformation in the Manufacturing
Authors: Kushnirenko Oksana , Gakhovich Natalia , Venger Liliia
Published: March 2021

In the paper, we investigate the impact of global trends Industry 4.0 on the structural transformations of Ukrainian industrial sector through the prism of global technological challenges. The current structural imbalances of Ukrainian industrial development and highlights the opportunities that 4.0 technologies provide for innovative industrial renewal are considered; and the readiness for adoption of innovative technologies of Industry 4.0 in the industrial enterprises is assessed. The key conclusion of the study is that further innovative transformation of global production will lead to inevitable changes in the organization and management of production processes. Based on the research results, an effective solution to certain problems has been proposed. The key finding of the research is that representatives of Ukrainian industry though perceive the importance of this tool face many obstacles in its implementation. Considering research results the efficient solutions of identified problems were proposed. They include the establishing strengthening the strategic partnership between the state science and business institutions in the process of stimulating cluster development; improvement of innovation infrastructure, creating the innovation ecosystems for the capitalization of scientific developments and the commercialization of innovations; creation of competitive conditions for all market participants, including equal conditions for access to the raw materials market, technology transfer, protection of property rights; reforming educational infrastructure; creation of a favorable investment environment with the help of mechanisms of state guarantees for foreign investments.
Personal Security and Cyberspace in Time Of COVID-19 Modes of Working
Authors: Matuska Ewa , Piestrzynski Wojciech
Published: March 2021

The paper presents the analysis of the quantitative research examining the level of the sense of security and the cognitive satisfaction connected with the intense use of digital technology as the result of the switch into remote or hybrid modes of working, especially in a group of high skilled workers. The study was conducted during second wave of the Covid-19 pandemics on the sample (N=246) of Polish employees representing Millenials’ generation. The online questionary was disseminated among employees until 30 age working in different sizes of enterprises (micro, SMEs and big ones), located in northern regions of Poland. The results have showed the moderately negative impact of the intensive cyberspace presence in connection with new modes of working for the personal sense of security of the respondents. The sense of security of respondents didn’t correlate with cognitive satisfaction flying from digital mode work. The found results can be used as recommendations for introducing more holistic well-being hr practices in organizations and also for implementing new kinds of nonfinancial benefits in talent management programs.
Cultural аnd Mental Peculiarities of Innovation Processes’ Development in Ukraine in the Context of Industry 4.0
Authors: Karpenko Andrii , Naumchuk Tetiana , Karpenko Natalia
Published: March 2021

The article deals with cultural and mental peculiarities of innovation processes’ development in Ukraine in the context of Industry 4.0. There has been presented a comparative rating of some world countries according to NRI, ICT, GOI, IDI, GII indices and the position of Ukraine over the past decade has been stated. The main results of innovation activity in Ukraine that lie in low innovative activity have been characterized. The factors that hinder innovation activity are insufficient level of educational training, low activity in offering innovative ideas, no incentive to create something new etc. In addition, a significant negative impact on innovation activity is exerted by cultural and mental factors of the population, a considerable part of which does not have entrepreneurial skills. There have been substantiated some socio-cultural and mental characteristics of Ukrainians that determine their innovative activity, namely reduce the competitiveness of the country's human capital both at the personal and national levels. The solution of the problem has been proposed which implies cooperation between three main components of the innovative economy – "science – education – production" as a common system.
Digital Society: Regulatory and Institutional Support of Electronic Governance in Modern Realities
Authors: Arabadzhyiev Dmytro , Popovych Yana , Lytvynchuk Iryna , Bakbergen Kanat , Kyrychenko Yurii
Published: March 2021

The article highlights the opportunities for the introduction of e-government in the institutional system of society on the basis of digital, information and communication technologies (on the example of Ukraine). It develops the concept of digitalization from the point of that information, knowledge and communication technologies constitute the system of social and legal infrastructure of society. It demonstrates that digital society forms the basis of the safety of modern globalized world, expressed in quality indicators of "e-government". It is proved that E-government in the legal system of the country involves: first, creating conditions for interaction between government and citizens through the use of modern information and communication technologies; secondly, the availability and openness of state registers; third, the introduction of e-democracy tools. It is determined that there is a steady tendency in the Ukrainian society to spread e-government tools in the legal sphere through the provision of administrative information services as well as the use of e-democracy technologies. It is also justified that potential of e-democracy technologies is strong enough to create conditions for e-government in legal sphere through technological and technical support of legal services, improving the level of computer iteracy of the population, increasing accessibility and openness of public information.
Problems of Formation of Ecological Networks for Environmental Safety of Odesa Region
Authors: Yavorska Victoria , Kolomiyets Kateryna , Trigub Valentina , Hevko Ihor , Chubrei Olexandra
Published: March 2021

Currently, the concept of sustainable development of nature and society is gaining relevance, a key aspect of which is the development of the ecological network. In Ukraine, there is a regulatory framework for the formation of an ecological network of three levels - Pan-European, National and regional. One of the important problems is that in the developed schemes of regional eco-networks should be interconnected to the eco-networks of neighboring regions and countries. The main features of the ecological network of the Odesa region are due to its coastal position and location mainly in the Steppe, partly Forest-Steppe landscape zones. The region includes vast areas of coastal territories and coastal waters - coastal zones, which concentrate unique protected areas. Mandatory basis for the formation of ecological networks is land use. The proposed concept of geoplanning is based on planning developments of the main components of the territory: the natural environment; population; economic activity. The basic characteristics of the natural environment are the landscape map and physical and geographical zoning of the territory. Maps of resilience of the natural environment to man-caused load, natural and ecological potential of the territory, levels of ecological and economic balance have already been drawn up. This series of maps for the needs of planning the territory of Ukraine should be continued by project maps of national and regional ecological networks, as well as maps of ecological capacity of the territory for population settlement, various economic activities and the general level of economic development in general. For the needs of spatial planning it is necessary to emphasize the levels of anthropogenic and urban pressures on the natural environment in the settlement of the population. Allocation of water fund lands in kind and strict regulation of their use is the main prerequisite for the formation of ecological networks of Ukraine and its regions.
Treatment of Mining and Thermoelectric Waste Through the Geopolymerization Process
Authors: Carlos Morales-Aranibar , Nataniel Linares , Tolomeo Soto , Luis Morales-Aranibar
Published: March 2021

Currently, energy and extraction activities generate large amounts of highly polluting waste, so there is a need for sustainable and environmentally friendly technologies. The aim of the study is to treat mining tailings and fly ash through the process of geopolymerization. The samples studied were obtained from the Toquepala mine, Tacna and from the ENGIE-Moquegua hydroelectric plant (Peru). The methodology was based on two stages, the first characterization of Fly Ash (FA) and mine tailings (MT) by EDX chemical characterization, SEM morphology, the second was prepared mixtures of MT and FA in 10 M alkaline solution, cured in 35 days at room temperature and the characterization of the geopolymer by organoleptic analysis, SEM and TCLP. The first stage shows high aluminosilicate content 20.44% Al2O3 and 53.39 % SiO2 for (MT); 22.11% Al2O3 and 51.76% SiO2 for (FA), presents metal and pyrite content. In the second stage, the samples show health and environmental harmlessness, with the formation of tetragonal structures typical of the geopolymer, the samples show a significant reduction of Sr, Ca, Fe, Pb, Ba, Be, and Cu, demonstrating the effectiveness of treatment by means of geopolymerization opening a new field for the environmental passive treatment.
Tumornachsorge sinunasaler Papillome – Risikofaktoren für Rezidiv-Entwicklung und maligne Entartung
Authors: Pähler Anja , Welkoborsky Hans-Jürgen
Published: March 2021

Hintergrund Sinunasale Papillome sind Tumoren der Nasenhaupt- und Nasennebenhöhlen. Therapie der Wahl ist die vollständige Resektion unter tumorchirurgischen Kautelen. Zwei Eigenschaften machen die Tumornachsorge zu einer Herausforderung: Erstens die häufige Rezidiv-Entwicklung (auch viele Jahre nach Erstdiagnose) und zweitens die Möglichkeit der malignen Entartung. Diese Übersichtsarbeit beleuchtet diesbezügliche Risikofaktoren, um „Hochrisikopatienten“ zu identifizieren, die in der Tumornachsorge besondere Aufmerksamkeit verdienen.

Materialen und Methoden Es erfolgte eine ausführliche Literaturrecherche in PubMed (NCBI).

Ergebnisse Hauptrisikofaktor für Rezidive ist die unvollständige Tumorresektion. Daraus ergeben sich weitere Faktoren wie unzureichend radikale Operationstechnik, ausgedehnte Tumoren, erschwerte intraoperative Verhältnisse aufgrund der Tumorlokalisation oder bei der Rezidiv-Chirurgie. Zudem neigen junge Patienten und Raucher vermehrt zu Rezidiven. Risikofaktoren für eine maligne Entartung sind große Tumoren, Rauchen, höheres Alter bei Erstdiagnose, weibliches Geschlecht, Knocheninvasion und fehlende inflammatorische Polypen. Histopathologische Risikofaktoren für Rezidive sowie für maligne Entartung sind Dysplasien, Hyperkeratose, plattenepitheliale Hyperplasie und – sofern bestimmt – eine erhöhte Proliferationsrate, Aneuploidie sowie eine Infektion mit humanen Papillomaviren.

Schlussfolgerungen Eine vollständige Resektion der sinunasalen Papillome unter tumorchirurgischen Kautelen ist der Goldstandard. Postoperativ ist eine engmaschige Tumornachsorge (analog zu malignen Tumoren) zwingend erforderlich. Die meisten Autoren empfehlen einen Nachsorgezeitraum von mindestens 5 Jahren, manche sogar eine lebenslange Nachsorge. Patienten mit einem oder mehreren Risikofaktoren sollten engmaschiger nachbetreut werden.
Der dggö-Ausschuss für Gesundheitsökonometrie – 7. Workshop des Ausschusses für Gesundheitsökonometrie der dggö
Authors: Schmitz Hendrik
Published: March 2021

Der 7. Workshop des Ausschusses „Gesundheitsökonometrie“ der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (dggö) fand am 26. und 27. November 2020 statt. Aufgrund der Situation rund um das Corona-Virus wurde er diesmal als reine Web-Konferenz ausgetragen. Vorgestellt und diskutiert wurden dabei sieben Forschungsarbeiten, die moderne ökonometrische Methoden zur Analyse gesundheitsökonomischer Forschungsdaten anwenden, um gesundheitspolitisch relevante Fragen zu untersuchen.
Corona-Prämien: Witz oder Wertschätzung?
Authors: Roßius Sabrina
Published: March 2021

Corona-Prämien – wo beginnt Anerkennung und wann mündet sie in Wertschätzung? Die vergangenen Monate mit den unzähligen Herausforderungen der Corona-Pandemie in den Kliniken haben unter anderem zu einem enormen medialen Interesse am Gesundheitssystem geführt.