bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Penerapan Pembelajaran Kooperatif Tipe Make A Match terhadap Hasil Belajar Ips Siswa Kelas IV SD
Authors: Aslama Rizka Ayu , Rozi Zico Fakhrur , Rosalina Elya
Published: March 2023

This study aims to determine the completeness of social studies learning outcomes after applying the Make A Match type of cooperative learning model in social studies subjects for fourth grade students of SD Negeri 1 Jambu Rejo. The type of research used is Experiment. The research population was all fourth graders of SD Negeri 1 Jambu Rejo, totaling 22 students. Sample selection was done by saturated sampling technique. The sample taken by all fourth graders of SD Negeri 1 Jambu Rejo totaled 22 students and was taught using the Make A Match type of cooperative learning model. The research method used is a quasi-experimental. The data collection technique used a test in the form of essay questions. The data obtained were analyzed using the z-test. Based on the results of the study obtained an average value of 78.33. The results of the z-test analysis obtained >   which is 9.92 > 1.64, which indicates that  is rejected and  is accepted. Thus, it can be concluded that the social studies learning outcomes of fourth graders of SD Negeri 1 Jambu Rejo after using the Make A Match Cooperative Learning Model are significantly complete.

Keywords: Application of the Make A Match Cooperative Learning Model, Social Studies Learning Outcomes
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Take and Give pada Pelajaran IPA Kelas IV SDN 75 Lubuklinggau
Authors: Amelia Bella Putri , Satinem Satinem , Bakar Abu
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

This study aims to determine the completeness of students' science learning outcomes after the Take and Give learning model is applied to the fourth grade of SD Negeri 75 Lubuklinggau. The type of research used is Experiment. The research population is all fourth grade students at SD Negeri 75 Lubuklinggau for the 2021/2022 academic year. Sample selection using saturated sampling technique. The research sample was taken as many as 24 students and taught with Take and Give learning. This research method is a quasi-experimental. The data collection technique used an essay test, then analyzed with the z test. results Based on the research and discussion obtained data with an average of 70.22 with learning completeness (83.33%) the results of the large z analysis zcount = 4.28 > ztable = 1.64 (zcount > ztable) which indicates that Ho is rejected and Ha If it is accepted, it can be said that the science learning outcomes of fourth grade students of SD Negeri 75 Lubuklinggau after the application of the Take and Give learning model are in the complete significant category

 

Keywords: Application, Take and Give, Science Learning Outcomes.
Analisis Penggunaan Bahasa Baku pada Siswa Kelas IV SD Melalui Keterampilan Menulis Karangan Narasi
Authors: Suryandari Dian Ratna , Haryadi Haryadi
Published: March 2023

This study aims to determine the use of standard language in fourth grade students of SD Negeri Giling 03 Pati through narrative essays. This research is a qualitative research by applying descriptive method in the process. Based on the research, it was found that 1) The writing results of fourth grade students at SD Negeri 03 Giling Pati are more than 50% of the number of students who are less in using standard language, 2) Students in using standard words at school, at home, and in everyday life rarely done so that students are not accustomed to writing using the correct standard words according to the rules, 3) When writing students do not use standard words influenced by external and internal factors. Conclutions, external factors that influence students in writing not using standard words consist of: (a) Teacher's mastery of the standard word is lacking, (b) Development of information and communication technology, and (c) Student association and living environment. Internal factors consist of: (a) writing practice using standard words that are still lacking, (b) students' knowledge and understanding of standard words are still lacking, (c) students' interest in writing is low, and (d) students are not careful.

 

Keywords: Standard Language, Writing Skills, Narrative Writing
Penerapan Model Pembelajaran Numbered Head Together Pada Mata Pelajaran IPS Siswa Kelas IV SD
Authors: Mahlevi Melisa , Erwandi Rudi
Published: March 2023

This research was conducted because it saw the social studies learning outcomes of fourth graders at SD Negeri Sukadana which were still low. This study aims to determine the completeness of students' social studies learning outcomes through numbered heads together (NHT) cooperative learning. From the data analysis of student learning outcomes before and after the NHT cooperative learning model was applied, the scores before the NHT cooperative learning model was applied were 100% incomplete. After applying the NHT cooperative learning model, the completeness of the social studies subject learning outcomes were 19 students who completed or 95% and 1 student who did not complete 5%. The data were analyzed using the z-test formula. based on the results of the data analysis test with a confidence level of = 5%, it shows Z_count = 6.42 and Z_(table) = 1.64. Because Z_count > Z_(table ). With that it can be concluded that the learning outcomes of class IV social studies subjects at SD Negeri Sukadana after the application of the numbered head together (NHT) learning model to the learning outcomes of class IV social studies subjects at SD Negeri Sukadana were significantly completed.

Keywords: Numbered head together (NHT) learning model, social studies learning outcomes.
Peningkatan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Melalui Model Problem Based Learning
Authors: Setyawati Ayu , Kesumawati Nila , Atikah Dessy
Published: March 2023

The purpose of this study is to improve the creative thinking ability of class X TITL 1 students of SMk Negeri 1 South Indralaya through the application of problem-based learning models. This study used a class action research method in two action cycles. The data collection techniques used are tests and observations. This class action research has 4 stages that must be met, namely planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The research subjects in this study were students of class X TITL 1 students of SMK Negeri 1 South Indralaya  total of 35 students consisting of 20 men and 15 women. From the results of the study showed that the value of student’s problem solving skills increased, this can be seen in the completion of student learning in the first cycle, the average score of students in problem solving skills was 61.21% with the category of enough, then in cycle II the average score of student’s problem solving was 82.37%.  This is supported by the results of observations, student activity has increased, in cycle I the percentage of student activity reached a total score of 193 with a percentage of 68.93%, cycle II increased to a total score of 231 with a percentage of 82.50%. So, it can be concluded that by showing that the Problem Based Learning learning model can also increase student learning activities in problem solving and learning activities of class X TITL 1 students of SMK Negeri 1 South Indralaya 

Keywords: Problem Based Learning, Problem Solving Skill
OBTAINING HAPLOIDS AND DIHAPLOIDS OF SUGAR BEET (BETA VULGARIS L.) IN VITRO CONDITIONS
Authors: Kliachenko О. , Prysiazhnuk L.
Published: March 2023

Biotechnological methods play a significant role in the breeding process, as they have a mechanism to develop parent material with high efficiency. The priority approach in modern innovative plant biotechnology is the method of experimental haploidy. The stepwise pretreatment of isolated buds with reduced (+4°C for 36 hours) and increased temperatures (+22°C for 21 days and +30°C – 10, 14, 21 days) was selected and applied, which ensures to complete the differentiation process. It was shown that for the induction of embryogenic development, regardless of the genotype, the optimal temperature was +30°C for the cultivation for 21 days. At the same time, the regenerative capacity of the obtained embryos depended on the initial genotype. The obtained rooted haploid regenerant plants with normal geo- and phototropic reaction were transferred to the diploid level (2n=38) by treatment the root system of an aqueous solution of 0.1% colchicine for 4 hours. It was found that the creation of homozygous lines depends on genotypic characteristics of the donor material, which defines the number of haploid regenerant plants obtained with various specific features. In this case, the sequence of nutrient media for the stabilization of haploid forms is strong important. Depending on the regenerants morphological development, the alternation of hormone-free and media supplemented with phytohormones contributes to the survival of plants in the range of 90-95%. The explants influence on the regenerative capacity of haploid plants was studied. It is shown that the nerves and leafstalks of sugar beet are optimal for inducing the processes of direct and indirect morphogenesis in vitro. The developed method for obtaining haploid plants directly from CMS lines of sugar beets makes it possible to obtain homozygous material in a short time. These materials can be used in heterosis breeding process, since homozygosity is achieved by traditional methods through inbreeding and the appearance of inbred depression.
FORMATIVE ACTIVITY UNDER THE ACTION OF IONIZING RADIATION FOR WINTER WHEAT AT THE CELL LEVEL
Authors: Izhboldin О. , Nazarenko М. , Lykholat Т.
Published: March 2023

The purpose of the conducted experiments was to show the cytogenetic activity of a wide range of doses of ionizing radiation in individual genotypes of common wheat at the level of the chromosomal apparatus of the cell. In the study, seeds of winter wheat varieties Podolyanka and Smuglyanka were used, irradiated with gamma rays in doses of 100, 150, 200, 250, 300 Gy. The control was seeds without treatment.

Based on the data of cytological analysis, the frequencies and spectra of chromosomal aberrations after exposure to gamma rays were studied. The total number of mitoses (in the corresponding phase) found in the preparations (20 - 25 preparations for each variant), the number of cells with chromosomal abnormalities and the percentage of such cells (from the number of mitotic), the frequency of chromosomal aberrations (from the total number of cells with rearrangements). The sample was approximately 500 - 1000 cells for each study variant.

Variety Smuglyanka is significantly less stable compared to the variety Podolyanka at the cytogenetic level, with the presence of significant differences in the interaction of the genotype-mutagen system for gamma rays. The number of chromosomal rearrangements increases linearly under the influence of gamma rays up to 200 - 250 Gy, where a significant drop begins with stabilization at a lower level at doses of 250 - 300 Gy. It was found that the dose of the mutagen is a significantly more significant factor of influence, but the nature of the genotype is also important. Significant variability parameters are the total frequency of chromosomal aberrations, the frequency of micronuclei and lagging chromosomes, the frequency of bridges, and the frequency of complex rearrangements. The ratio of fragments to bridges is standard for gamma rays. A higher level of variability in subsequent generations is foreseen for the variety Smuglyanka, the possibility of differences in the spectrum of changes in subsequent generations due to the action of gamma rays.
EVALUATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF RAILWAY TRANSPORT ON THE PROCESS OF INDUCTION OF CHLOROPHYL FLUORESCENCE IN THE LINDEN TREES LEAVES
Authors: Kiashko Н. , Sorochinska О. , Savchuk М. , Taran О.
Published: March 2023

The paper presents the results of the study of the influence of railway transport on the passing the fluorescence induction of chlorophyll in the leaves of broad-leaved linden (Tilia platyphyllos). The relevance of research is due to the increase in the intensity of the negative impact of transport on the environment, directly on phytocenoses, which causes a violation of physiological processes and leads to the failure of photosynthesis, which is very important for the vital activity of plants. Thus, the aim of the work was to study the influence of railway transport on the induction of chlorophyll fluorescence in the leaves of broad-leaved linden trees, as one link in the overall monitoring of the impact of railway transport on the environment. The passage of IFH in tree leaves was evaluated using the portable device "Floratest". Trees grown on the territory of the Holosiiv Park were used as controls, and trees growing on the territory of the locomotive depot "Ukrzaliznytsia" served as experimental samples. Measurements of chlorophyll fluorescence induction were carried out on leaves growing on the lower tiers of trees. Assessment of the physiological state of linden leaves under the influence of railway transport was carried out according to the main parameters of the Kautsky induction curve. It was established that the IFH indicators, such as F0, Fpl, F st, Fv, F max, in the trees growing on the territory of the locomotive depot exceeded the IFH indicators of the trees from the Holosiiv park, which is explained by the failure of the dynamic balance between the IFH processes and the violation of photosynthetic processes in the trees . According to the comparative analysis of IFH parameters in control and experimental samples of linden tree leaves, it can be concluded that the trees growing on the territory of the locomotive depot "Ukrzaliznytsia" were slightly stressed by possible noise, vibration and chemical pollution caused by the operation of the railway.
FEATURES OF THE MANIFESTATION OF CALENDULA OFFICINALIS POWDERY MILDEW
Authors: Myronova Y. , Bashta O.
Published: March 2023

Calendula officinalis are an annual light-loving, moisture-loving herbaceous plant, the inflorescences of which are raw materials for the pharmaceutical, food, and perfumery and cosmetic industries.

The species composition of pathogens, their features of manifestation and development on medicinal plants are insufficiently studied. Powdery mildew is one of the most common and dangerous diseases of medicinal plants. The appearance of powdery mildew usually coincides with the flowering phase of medicinal plants (the month of June). With strong development, the causative agent of the disease leads to the drying of leaves and stems and the death of plants. Diseased plants lag behind in growth, generative organs recover later after three collections of raw materials. During the research period (2019-2021), the prevalence and development of powdery mildew of medicinal plants was monitored, its harmfulness and development features were determined, and the resistance of various varieties was assessed.

When accounting for powdery mildew, the following indicators were evaluated: the number of affected plants - in percent; degree of damage - in points visually. Generally accepted methods in medicinal plant breeding were used for the research. The total size of the plots is 20-25 m2, accounting 20-30 m2, with four repetitions. The field evaluation of the resistance of varieties of medicinal plants for resistance to diseases was carried out on a natural infectious background during the period of maximum development of diseases (2-3 times during the entire vegetation period - June-August).

High resistance to the powdery mildew pathogen during the research period was observed in the varieties Tangerine Twist, Dejavu, Indian Prince, Orange King, Silk Kiss, Dejavu, Indian Prince, Red Doctor Citrongelb, Red Buff and Sherbet.

Cremebrule, Citron, Fiesta and Princess varieties had a weak susceptibility to the pathogen of powdery mildew. Varieties Monarch, Pink Surprise, Orange Heart, Magic Heart and Touch of Red were susceptible to powdery mildew.
ENTOMOLOGICAL SENSORS FOR CONSERVATION TECHNOLOGIES OF CROP CULTIVATION IN FIELD CROP ROTATIONS OF THE FOREST-STEPPE OF UKRAINE
Authors: Babych A.
Published: March 2023

In 2010-2022, in the field crop rotations of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine, using the latest chemicals, the peculiarities of biology, ecology and distribution of soil and other harmful arthropod species were clarified. In particular, the technologies for the production of high-quality grain through the use of tank mixtures of plant protection products and relatively high rates of fertilizers influenced the formation of the structure of the entomocomplex with the prevalence of certain species of grasshoppers, blackflies, scoopers and plateworms. According to the phenophases of cultivated plants, this feature was accompanied by both the state of bioresources and crop production technologies in general with the optimisation of phytosanitary, environmental and economically sound resource-saving methods of phytophage number control. It has been established that in cultural ecosystems with intensive technologies as part of modern biological resources, the number of organisms, both flora and fauna, in particular, harmful insect phytophages, changes significantly in the early stages of formation and development of grain crops. During the years of observation, it was noted that the biodiversity of agrocenoses is quite numerous in terms of species and quantity, mainly against the background of organic-mineral systems and under conditions of relatively low rates of fertiliser application. This makes it possible to model such processes using entomological and zoological objects as sensors, in particular from the standpoint of systematic monitoring and forecasting, as well as sustainable management on a resource-saving basis. At the same time, the long-term dynamics of the factors of entomocomplexes formation was taken into account, with the influence of basic and fractional feeding systems, soil cultivation and measures to protect cereals and other crops being clarified, and the dominant species were identified from the theological point of view. Based on the results of the research, some biocenotic relationships of cultivated plants and their pests under different nutrition systems of wheat, corn, soybeans, chickpeas, sunflower in periods of drought and relatively optimal weather conditions were clarified, with the levels of trophic chains of primary and secondary cenoses determined. The structure of arthropods under the latest systems of liquid fertiliser application was clarified, as well as the impact of tank mixtures of agrochemicals on the migration and survival of phytophagous insects in short rotation crop rotations was assessed.

The new parameters of grain crop protection systems with biologically oriented complexes based on entomological and zoological test objects of the factors of crop production intensification are substantiated.
The Image of Ukraine in the World as an Identifying Factor of Incoming Tourism Growth
Authors: ROMANOVA Anna
Published: March 2023

The definitions of the country’s tourism image and the national tourism brand are defined. The main determinants, which distinguish between tourism brand, tourist image and tourist reputation, are presented. A model for creating the concept for a national brand has been constructed. The image of Ukraine is determined on the basis of the authoritative world reports and ratings analysis.English-language analytical Ukrainian Internet portals are explored. The most popular among them are Kyivpost, Unian, News, Euromaidan Press, 112 International, En.Censor, and Interfax-Ukraine. The US citizens (20-30% of all visits) mostly visit each of these sites. The total number of visits during six months for each of these sites has not exceeded 1 million people.Analysis of the most popular world Internet publications for the purpose of news coverage about Ukraine is conducted. The BBC, the New York Times, The Guardian recall Ukraine mostly in the context of Russia’s aggression and the war in the East.The main stakeholders of the formation and promotion of the national tourism brand are defined: state institutions; citizens, residents of the country; media; creative intellectuals, athletes, other world-famous Ukrainians; diaspora; business; public environment;political forces.Recommendations for forming the brand of Ukraine in the world are presented as a means of improving the outbound tourism and the economy of the country as a whole.Keywords: national branding, national tourist brand, tourist image, tourism industry,tourist reputationJEL: Z30
ECONOMIC REASONS OF THE AGGRAVATION OF THE POLITICAL SITUATION IN PAKISTAN
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), Belokrenitsky Vyacheslav
Published: March 2023

The article discusses the main economic reasons that created the social background, on which the internal political situation in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan has sharply worsened since February 2022. The author identifies several trends – a slowdown in economic growth, a collapse in the foreign exchange markets, an increase in inflation, and external debt, growing poverty and income inequality – as demonstrating the failures of the government led by Prime Minister Imran Khan. At the same time, these were not the reasons, according to the author, that led to the replacement of the government in April 2022, but factors of the other, political and foreign policy, nature.
THE ROLE AND PLACE OF METHANOL IN ENERGY TRANSITION
Authors:   Institute of oriental studies, Russian academy of sciences (MOSCOW), Borisov Mikhail
Published: March 2023

To decarbonize the economy it is not enough to adopt renewable energy sources alone. The opportunities of "clean" electric power are not unlimited. Fossil fuel continues to dominate in industrial technological processes, transport and in housing sector. A need arises in alternative synthetic fuel with the minimum carbon footprint. Such fuel is possible to produce from various raw materials through chemical reactions with the use of "clean" electric power from renewable sources. In the foreseeable future "green" methanol seems to be the synthetic fuel which is the easiest to obtain without changing the existing infrastructure.
Improving the Recovery of Hydrocarbons in a Well in the Gullfaks Field by Injecting Sequestrated CO2
Authors: Cheage Chamgoué André , Kombou Colins Leprince , Tchouate Ngankap Merline , Metsebo Jules , Armstrong Akoteh Ateh
Published: March 2023

The Gullfaks field was discovered in 1978 in the Tampen area of the North Sea and it is one of the largest Norwegian oil fields located in Block 34/10 along the western flank of the Viking Graben in the northern North Sea. The Gullfaks field came on stream in 1986 and reached a peak of production in 2001. After some years, a decrease in production was noticed due to the decrease in pressure in the well. The goal of this paper is to improve the production of a well located in Gullfaks field by injecting CO2 through coiled tubing. The use of the CO2 injection method is due to the fact that it is a greenhouse gas, and its production in the atmosphere contributes to global warming. It is important to reduce its emission into the atmosphere and to boost the production of oil in the well. The CO2 is injected through the coil tubing to lighten the hydrostatic column and allow the fluid to move from the tubing to the surface. The completion and PVT data are processed in Pipesim and Prosper softwares. By integrating a number of calculations by using the nodal analysis methods and gas injection methods, the results obtained show that the well is not producing and by injecting sequestrated CO2 at the flow rate of 1.482 MMScft/d with an injection pressure of 2500 psig, the oil flow rate provided by the coiled tubing gas injection is 900 Stb/d. The profitability of the project is achieved over a period of 20 years with a net present value (NPV) of $11948858.5 and a return on investment after 5 years 2 weeks.
Different Development Scenarios to Increase the Production Rates for Fauqi Oil Field Southeastern Iraq
Authors: AbdulMajeed Rwaida Kaiser
Published: March 2023

The Fauqi field is located about 50Km North-East Amara town in Missan providence in Iraq. Fauqi field has 1,640 MMbbl STOIIP, which lies partly in Iran. Oil is produced from both Mishrif and Asmari zones. Geologically, the Fauqi anticline straddles the Iraqi/Iranian border and is most probably segmented by several faults. There are several reasons leading to drilling horizontal wells rather than vertical wells. The most important parameter is increasing oil recovery, particularly from thin or tight reservoir permeability. The Fauqi oil field is regarded as a giant field with approximately more than 1 billion barrels of proven reserves, but it has recently experienced low production rate problems in many of its existing wells. This study will concentrate on analyzing the Asmari reservoir as the main production reservoir in this field for an oil gravity of 18 API. While, well (FQ-8) has been selected as a pilot well to verify different development scenarios that could be taken to increase the reservoir production rate. The results show that both drilling lateral sections and performing the stimulation process in some reservoir intervals yield positive results to increase good productivity with different percentages. The lateral sections occasionally gave higher productivity than the stimulation process by (2-3) times.
Application of Finite Element Technique: A Review Study
Authors: Khaleel Faraj Ali , Abdul Hussein Hassan Abdul Hadi
Published: March 2023

The finite element approach is used to solve a variety of difficulties, including well bore stability, fluid flow production and injection wells, mechanical issues and others. Geomechanics is a term that includes a number of important aspects in the petroleum industry, such as studying the changes that can be occur in oil reservoirs and geological structures, and providing a picture of oil well stability during drilling. The current review study concerned about the advancements in the application of the finite element method (FEM) in the geomechanical field over a course of century.
Firstly, the study presented the early advancements of this method by development the structural framework of stress, make numerical computer solution for 2D thermal stress then stress analysis of the airplane. The second part focused on the most recent developments of FEM, and this method generates new techniques for solving these problems, such as the 1D, 2D, and 3D finite element models; the dynamic program method (DPM); the finite discrete element method (FDEM); and the finite element extended method (FEXM). The third part of this study presented the reservoir finite element simulation used for injection well testing inside unconsolidated oil sand reservoirs. Also improvement of the FE software program for the analyses, finite element extended approach to convert a 3D fault model were introduced. In addition, the study explored the development of a 3D and 4D model utilizing Visage for FEM analysis for geomechanics investigations, and the software eclipse for pressure drop prediction in carbonate reservoir weak formation and presented the Finite-Element Smoothed Particle Method (FESPM).
Estimation Pore and Fracture Pressure Based on Log Data; Case Study: Mishrif Formation/Buzurgan Oilfield at Iraq
Authors: AlHusseini Ahmed K. , Hamed-Allah Sameera M.
Published: March 2023

Prediction of the formation of pore and fracture pressure before constructing a drilling wells program are a crucial since it helps to prevent several drilling operations issues including lost circulation, kick, pipe sticking, blowout, and other issues. IP (Interactive Petrophysics) software is used to calculate and measure pore and fracture pressure. Eaton method, Matthews and Kelly, Modified Eaton, and Barker and Wood equations are used to calculate fracture pressure, whereas only Eaton method is used to measure pore pressure. These approaches are based on log data obtained from six wells, three from the north dome; BUCN-52, BUCN-51, BUCN-43 and the other from the south dome; BUCS-49, BUCS-48, BUCS-47. Along with the overburden pressure gradient and clay volume, which were also established first, data such as gamma ray, density, resistivity, and sonic log data are also required. A key consideration in the design of certain wells is the forecasting of fracture pressure for wells drilled in the southern Iraqi oilfield of Buzurgan. The pressure abnormality is found in MA, MB21, MC1 and MC2 units by depending on pore pressures calculated from resistivity log. In these units, depths and its equivalent normal and abnormal pressure are detected for all sex selected wells; BUCS-47, BUCS-48, BUCS-49, BUCN-43, BUCN-51 and BBCN-52. For MA, MB21, MC1, and MC2 units, the highest difference in pore pressure values are 1698 psi @ 3750 m (BUCN-51), 3420 psi @ 3900 m (BUCN-51), 788 psi @ 3980 m (BUCS-49), and 5705 psi @ 4020 m (BUCN-52). On other hands, MB11 and MB12 units have normal pressure trend in all studied wells. Finally, the results show that the highest pore and fracture pressure values is existed in North dome, in comparison with that obtained in south dome of Mishrif reservoir at Buzurgan oilfield.
Beyond Statism and Deliberation: Questioning Ecological Democracy through Eco-Anarchism and Cosmopolitics
Authors: Smessaert Jacob , Feola Giuseppe
Published: March 2023

This paper decentres the predominance of statism and deliberation in ecological democracy scholarship. We use insights from eco-anarchism and cosmopolitics to identify democratic configurations beyond capitalism and its entanglement with the nation-state. These configurations are premised on the idea that sustainability transformation not only implies a move beyond capitalism and the nation-state, but might comprise their dismantling. We propose and apply an analytical framework encompassing the dimensions actors, praxis and processes and institution(s) to contrast these three political theories and bring forward a diversity of democratic praxes that revolve around the generation of autonomy and the building of multispecies political communities. Finally, we discuss transformation possibilities from within the capitalist nation-state and propose research directions for post-statist, autonomous and diverse ecological democracies.
Water Consumption Behavior of Households in Lahore
Authors: Malik Ahmad Osama
Published: March 2023

This paper focuses on the water consumption behaviour of residents of Lahore city. The consumption behaviour is linked with the attitude and meter tariff. Attitude is an internal trait of people while meter tariff is an external factor. Both influence consumption behaviour. There is a positive association between the independent and dependent variables. The policymakers can control water consumption by focusing on the attitude of people towards water consumption. The present attitude type of the people is anti-environment. The explanatory approach is used for the analysis and interpretation of data.  The theory provided a systematic way for the analysis of the problem. This paper unfolds the perspective in the context of Lahore.

Keywords: Domestic, Water Consumption, Attitude, Meter Tariff, Policymakers
The Birth Satisfaction Scale: Igbo adaptation, validation, and reliability study
Authors: Anikwe Chidebe , Osita Umeononihu Samuel , Mbanefo Paul Okeke , Asiegbu Obiora GK , Nnadozie Ugochukwu Uzodimma , Eleje George U , Ikeotuonye Arinze Chidiebele , Ikeoha Cyril Chijioke , Maduba Charles Chidiebele , Eze Justus Ndulue
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVE
To investigate the validity and reliability of the Birth Satisfaction Scale – Revised (BSS-R) Igbo version.

MATERIALS AND METHODS
A cross-sectional study was done among 500 women who delivered at Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching hospital Abakaliki between 1st March 2019 and 31st August 2019. The BSS-R questionnaire was used for data collection in the postnatal ward. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS version 20. The properties of the scale were tested by conducting reliability and validation analyses. The level of significance is a P-value of <0.05.

RESULTS
The mean age of the women was 28.8±4.7 years; the majority (230, 46.0%) were between the age group of 30 – 40 years. More than 90% of the study participant had formal education. The majority (460, 92.0%) were multipara and had delivered mostly (326, 65.2%) at Full Term. Three Component loading was identified in the Scale. Examination of the pattern matrix showed three components/themes: support by staff during labour (I felt well supported by staff during my labour and birth (r = 0.875); parturient confidence during labour (I felt out of control during my birth experience (r = 0.714) and distraught during labour (I was not distressed at all during labour (r = 0.821). Communality value (r2) mostly ranged between 0.507 and 0.801. The scale had a Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of 0.62. This increased to 0.70 following the removal of “I was not distressed at all during labour” responses from the analysis.

CONCLUSION
The Igbo version of BSS-R has good internal consistency. It is a valid and reliable scale to be employed in assessing maternal satisfaction among Igbo-speaking women in the study area and Nigeria in general.
Discursos sobre la naturaleza del análisis social
Authors:   Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Jiménez Albornoz Juan Ignacio
Published: March 2023

La vida social teniendo, como todo, sus particularidades debe estudiarse como parte integrante de la naturaleza. Una teoría social general y universal es posible e interesante, sin que por ello sea necesario olvidar el carácter histórico y hermenéutico de la vida social. La disputa entre neutralidad y compromiso valorativo es una falsa disputa, y la acertada resolución de este debate revela el error basal que desde ambas perspectivas se denuncia: la idea que es posible una acción neutral. La vida social requiere ser comprendida a la vez como una producción objetiva y subjetiva, y que ello no es mera yuxtaposición sino que ambas exigencias derivan de la misma raíz: la vida social es producida. Para poder entender la investigación sobre la vida social se debe reconocer que los investigadores no están fuera, ni sobre, otros actores, sino que representan sólo un tipo específico de actor, así como los hay otros muchos. Las preguntas cruciales de la ciencia social son las que intentan explicar el mundo social, no aquellas que usan la vida social como explicación de otras realidades. La interacción es la unidad basal de la vida social, y es el núcleo de cualquier esfuerzo de explicación de ella. Estas siete afirmaciones son verdaderas y necesarias para el despliegue de la potencialidad del estudio de la vida social. Estas páginas tienen como objetivo defenderlas y a través de ello, en general, exponer una perspectiva que defiende que una ciencia social naturalista es posible, sin que ello implique no reconocer las características del objeto de estudio.
Analysis of Eye Tracking images to identify children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors:   Faculty of Applied Science, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, VNUHCM, Vietnam, Nguyen Hai Ngoc , Tang Ngan Tuyet ,   Faculty of Applied Science, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, VNUHCM, Vietnam, Nguyen Tien Thuy ,   Faculty of Applied Science, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, VNUHCM, Vietnam, Tran Tin Trung ,   Faculty of Applied Science, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, VNUHCM, Vietnam
Published: March 2023

A number of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are growing to become a big problem in society at the present time. Autism is the neurological disorder that makes the children feel inferior in social communication. Identifying individuals with early autism (under 3 years of age) is difficult and there is still not any medical test for rapid detection of autism. Currently, the clinical diagnosis is mainly based on the observed behavior of the child, and besides, educational and psychological tests are also applied. Eye movements have an important role in an individual's perception and attention in social activities. Non-invasive detection and tracking techniques of the eye movement have been developed over many decades. Nowadays, the Eye Tracking is a technological process that enables the measurement of eye movements, eye positions, and points of gaze. In other words, eye tracking identifies and collects a person’s visual data of the eyes in terms of location, objects and duration. It is applied for a variety of different research methods to investigate human behavior. In particular, the Eye Tracking method makes an application for identifying people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), it has been not only a wide study but also a great interest in recent years. This article provided an overview of children's visual attention with Autism Spectrum Disorder and children with Typical Development (TD). The study has focused on exploring the difference in observed behavior of ASD children and TD children. This study used the DBSCAN (Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise) clustering algorithm for grouping a set of Eye Tracking data, which were collected by the test of children’s visual attention to a variety of images. The classification of Eye Tracking data was based on the feature parameters, which were extracted from analyzing data. Moreover, a model for classification and identification of Eye Tracking image data of children groups with ASD and TD was built on Deep Learning algorithms. In this study, the chosen algorithm was Multilayer Perceptron. The children's eye movements dataset was extracted from the paper "A dataset of eye movements for the children with autism spectrum disorder" by Huiyu Duan et al. The results showed that using the Eye Tracking data is highly promising in identifying children with ASD by analyzing the observed behavior of children on images, especially on human images.
The Aβ16-22 hexamer’s aggregation under a co-effect of EGCG compound and low-pH concentration
Authors:   Department of Natural Sciences Teacher Education, Dong Thap University, Dong Thap, Vietnam, Nguyen Quoc Thai , Huynh Quang Linh ,   Faculty of Applied Science, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology, National University Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam
Published: March 2023

One of the most common forms of dementia is Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and its relationship with β-amyloid plaques. The deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) oligomers is proved to be a damage cause for AD patients in which the mechanism of Aβ16-22 fragments is believed to keep an important role in the fibrils’ aggregations due to its’ β-contents. Many previous searches showed that the more β-contents formed the more Aβ-fibrillary conformations created. In a previous study, the Aβ16-22 hexamer configuration under the inhibition of the epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) compound, which attenuated the production of β-sheet structure formation, was successfully constructed. However, the environment controlled 6Aβ16-22 association change was neglected. So, in this scheme we are motivated to make an atomistic investigation via two molecular dynamic simulations (MD): Aβ16-22 hexamer and EGCG complex, one in normal condition pH = 7.0 and the other in lower one pH = 5.5, respectively. The received data provides evidence to determine, the environmental difference does not change the number of H-bond between EGCG and Aβ fragment in which asserted that EGCG becomes a potential prospect in treating AD. Besides that, the results of simulations by using the DSSP tool of Gromacs package demonstrated that the averaging number of random-coil structure didn’t change too much and received similar values of 24.4 and 24.6, and the decreasing of β-contents under the co-operative interaction of low pH and EGCG inhibitor. The Aβ16-22 free energy has slightly increased from -14,3 kcal.mol-1 to -13,8 kcal.mol-1 when pH concentration is reduced from normal pH = 7.0 to low on pH = 5.5. Finally, the computational results are in agreement with the experimental investigation, our observation adds a physical insight into the picture of the computational aided drug design in Aβ treatment.
Resevoir property modelling with seismic attributes and artificial neural network
Authors:   Faculty of Geology and Petroleum Engineering, HCM City University of Technology - VNU HCM, Vietnam, Mai Lân Cao , Trần Hòa Khắc ,   Integrated Technical Center, PetroVietnam Exploration Production Corporation (PVEP-ITC, Vietnam)
Published: March 2023

This paper focuses on the analysis of seismics attributes and the application of training algorithms for artificial neural networks to build lithofacies model based on which porosity distribution across a reservoir is modeled. Firstly, seismic attribute and facies log, porosity log are modeled using the standard procedure of Petrel software (Schlumberger). After that, the resulting models are extracted and used as an input data for SOM-supervised algorithm. The result of this step is a map showing the relationship beetwen seismic attributes and facies. In the next step, the map is used to build 3D facies model. With the same procedure, the 3D porosity model is build by Fitnet algorithm. In this work, ANN training, facies modeling and porosity modeling were implemented with MATLAB and the resulting models were compared to the ones that resulted from Petrel software. The good agreement in the porosity distribution patterns between the two models shows that the computational background used in this research is similar to that of Petrel software. The paper contributes to new insights into the fundamentals of computational algorithms used in Petrel which has not been thoroughly studied in Vietnam, and thus helps improve the software usage in reservoir properties modeling.
Problems of the Upper Paleolithic in the foothills of the Northern Tien Shan: latest discoveries and perspectives
Authors:   The Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Science, Dmitry Ulyanov st., 19, Moscow, 117292, Russia, Ozherelyev Dmitriy Viktorovich , Lev Sergei Yuryevich ,   The Institute of Archaeology of the Russian Academy of Science, Dmitry Ulyanov st., 19, Moscow, 117292, Russia, Stolpnikova Ekaterina Mikhailovna ,   A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution RAS,Leninskiy prosp., 33, Moscow, 119071, Russia,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Soil Science Faculty, Leninskie Gori, 1(12), Moscow, 119991, Russia
Published: March 2023

Introduction. This work is devoted to the assessment of the Upper Paleolithic sites of the Northern Tien Shan. Materials and methods. Plains and foothills of Kazakhstan occupies a large western part of Central Asia and stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to the Altai Mountains in the east. There are many Paleolithic sites, the vast majority of which are open-air (surface) sites. Recently several multilayer Upper Paleolithic sites have been discovered in the Northern Tien Shan. Among them are the sites of Maibulak, Rakhat, Uzynagash 1–3, Saryzhazyk and some others. The sites have been studied intermittently since 2004. A new research phase began in 2018. Results and discussion. The sites are located in similar geomorphological conditions. The cultural layers of the sites are nested in loess-like loams covering the northern foothills of the Zailiysky Alatau Range. Most of the cultural layers are interpreted as habitation levels with preserved hearths, burn spots, charcoal spots, and storage pits. Accumulations of lithic artefacts and sometimes animal bone remains are tightly linked with those features of cultural layers. This is an interdisciplinary research. Conclusion. The chronology of these sites covers the Early Upper Paleolithic, the Middle Upper Palaeolithic and the beginning of the Late Upper Paleolithic. The development of the Northern Tien Shan Upper Paleolithic took place within the framework of a single cultural vector, characteristic for the western part of Eurasia. There are cultural horizons with Aurignation-like, Gravettian-like lithic industries, as well as a culture with geometric microliths (scalene triangles). At the same time, lithic industries show considerable originality. Further work is aimed at studying the classification, typology of lithic collections and their correlation with each other.
Dating the pressure blademaking emergence in the North-Western Caucasus and the chronology of the pressure technique diffusion in the neighbouring regions
Authors:   Institute of Archaeology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Dm. Ulyanova st., 19, Moscow, 117292, Russia, Eskova Daria Kirillovna , Leonova Elena Viktorovna, ,   Institute of Archaeology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Dm. Ulyanova st., 19, Moscow, 117292, Russia
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The paper deals with the issue of pressure blademaking emergence chronology in the North-Western Caucasus. The possible paths of the innovation diffusion are discussed. Materials and methods. The study of the lithic technology is based on the materials from the Early Holocene layers of the Dvoinaya Cave and the Chygai Rockshelter. The series of AMS dates were obtained for the layers. The earliest use of pressure blademaking was revealed in the layer 4/5 of the Dvoinaya Cave and the layers 3-5 of the Chygai Rockshelter dated to 11,3–8,5 cal kyr BC and 11,1–8,5 cal kyr BC respectively. Results. The full technological context of the bladelet and microbladelet production with the use of pressure was revealed at the Dvoinaya Cave. The blanks were produced from the conical cores with faceted platforms. In layers 3–5 of the Chygai Rockselter the pressure bladelets and microbladelets were discovered. In both cases the metrics of the pressure produced blanks indicate the use of Mode 3 of the pressure technique (pressure with the use of short crutch in a sitting position). Discussion. We don’t consider possible the diffusion of the technique from the Elbrus region of the North Caucasus as there were two technologically distinct traditions that were partly synchronous. The lower chronological range of the Mode 3 pressure emergence in the North-Western Caucasus roughly coincides with the Early Mlefaatian and the Nemrikian in the south and the Early Butovo in the north. The possible intermediate industries dated to the Early Holocene have not been discovered so far in the neighboring regions to the south or to the north of the North-Western Caucasus. Conclusion. The early timе of the complex mode of the pressure technique emergence in the North-Western Caucasus is indicative of the external adoption and an extremely fast pace of the innovation diffusion in the Early Holocene.
Implementasi Metode Montessori Dalam Pengenalan Literasi Pada Anak Dengan Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Yunitasari Septiyani Endang , Hendrica Mega , Andriyati Novi , Maulidina Farah Ayu , Kania Siti , Hasmira Hasmira
Published: March 2023

Banyak anak autis dikelompokkan dalam program yang berkaitan dengan kecacatan, dibutuhkan metode dan program pembelajaran yang mampu mengembangkan apa yang mereka bisa lakukan, daripada berfokus pada kekurangannya. Metode Montessori dianggap solusi yang tepat untuk membantu anak yang memiliki kebutuhan khusus (ABK) dan spesial seperti autism. Tujuan tinjauan literature ini adalah memberikan ulasan tentang berbagai studi yang melaporkan implementasi pendekatan Montessori terhadap kemampuan literasi anak autis yang berada pada jenjang pendidikan usia dini. Berdasarkan hasil tinjauan penelitian dan implementasi konsep Montessori pada anak usia dini dengan autism di berbagai negara dilaporkan metode Montessori mampu mengembangkan kemampuan anak autism yang berfokus pada sensorial, matematikan, bahasa, kultur atau kebiasaan dan practical life.