bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Analisis Metode Kepemimpinan Terhadap Efektifitas dalam OrganisasiI ( A Comparative Literature Review)
Authors: Abdul Khafid
Published: July 2024

Penelitian  ini  bertujuan  untuk  menganalisis  metode kepemimpinan terhadap efektivitas organisasi. Metodologi penulisan menggunakan     metode     kualiatif     dengan menggunakan pendekatan literature review, yaitu dengan mengumpulkan berbagai sumber literasi, artikel, jurnal yang relevan dengan yang diteliti. Hasil  penelitian menunjukkan   bahwa  penerapan  metode   kepemimpinan   transformatif   dan  partisipatif berkontribusi    signifikan    terhadap    peningkatan    efektivitas    organisasi.    ini mengindikasikan bahwa pemimpin yang mampu menginspirasi, memotivasi, dan memberikan dukungan individual kepada karyawan cenderung meningkatkan produktivitas dan kinerja organisasi secara keseluruhan. Selanjutnya, pengembangan  kompetensi  kepemimpinan  melalui  pelatihan  terstruktur  dan  mentoring berkelanjutan    terbukti    efektif   dalam   meningkatkan   kinerja   organisasi.   Hasil penelitian ini merekomendasikan  integrasi pendekatan kepemimpinan adaptif sebagai respons terhadap dinamika pasar yang cepat berubah. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan  penting bagi para pemimpin dan pengambilan keputusan dalam suatu  organisasi  dalam  merumuskan  strategi  pengembangan  kepemimpinan  yang efektif.
A systematic evaluation of high-cloud controlling factors
Authors: Wilson Kemsley Sarah , Ceppi Paulo , Andersen Hendrik , Cermak Jan , Stier Philip , Nowack Peer
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Clouds strongly modulate the top-of-the-atmosphere energy budget and are a major source of uncertainty in climate projections. “Cloud controlling factor” (CCF) analysis derives relationships between large-scale meteorological drivers and cloud radiative anomalies, which can be used to constrain cloud feedback. However, the choice of meteorological CCFs is crucial for a meaningful constraint. While there is rich literature investigating ideal CCF setups for low-level clouds, there is a lack of analogous research explicitly targeting high clouds. Here, we use ridge regression to systematically evaluate the addition of five candidate CCFs to previously established core CCFs within large spatial domains to predict longwave high-cloud radiative anomalies: upper-tropospheric static stability (SUT), sub-cloud moist static energy, convective available potential energy, convective inhibition, and upper-tropospheric wind shear (ΔU300). We identify an optimal configuration for predicting high-cloud radiative anomalies that includes SUT and ΔU300 and show that spatial domain size is more important than the selection of CCFs for predictive skill. We also find an important discrepancy between the optimal domain sizes required for predicting locally and globally aggregated radiative anomalies. Finally, we scientifically interpret the ridge regression coefficients, where we show that SUT captures physical drivers of known high-cloud feedbacks and deduce that the inclusion of SUT into observational constraint frameworks may reduce uncertainty associated with changes in anvil cloud amount as a function of climate change. Therefore, we highlight SUT as an important CCF for high clouds and longwave cloud feedback.
Revising VOC emissions speciation improves the simulation of global background ethane and propane
Authors: Rowlinson Matthew J. , Evans Mat J. , Carpenter Lucy J. , Read Katie A. , Punjabi Shalini , Adedeji Adedayo , Fakes Luke , Lewis Ally , Richmond Ben , Passant Neil , Murrells Tim , Henderson Barron , Bates Kelvin H. , Helmig Detlev
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) generate ozone (O3) when they are oxidised in the presence of oxides of nitrogen, modulate the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere and can lead to the formation of aerosol. Here, we assess the capability of a chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) to simulate NMVOC concentrations by comparing ethane, propane and higher-alkane observations in remote regions from the NOAA flask Network and the World Meteorological Organization's Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) network. Using the Community Emissions Data System (CEDS) inventory, we find a significant underestimate in the simulated concentration of both ethane (35 %) and propane (64 %), consistent with previous studies. We run a new simulation in which the total mass of anthropogenic NMVOC emitted in a grid box is the same as that used in CEDS but with the NMVOC speciation derived from regional inventories. For US emissions, we use the National Emissions Inventory (NEI); for Europe, we use the UK National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory (NAEI); and for China, we use the Multi-resolution Emission Inventory model for Climate and air pollution research (MEIC). These changes lead to a large increase in the modelled concentrations of ethane, improving the mean model bias from −35 % to −4 %. Simulated propane also improves (from −64 % to −48 % mean model bias), but there remains a substantial model underestimate. There were relatively minor changes to other NMVOCs. The low bias in simulated global ethane concentration is essentially removed, resolving one long-term issue in global simulations. Propane concentrations are improved but remain significantly underestimated, suggesting the potential for a missing global propane source. The change in the NMVOC emission speciation results in only minor changes in tropospheric O3 and OH concentrations.
Linking geomorphological processes and wildlife microhabitat selection: nesting birds select refuges generated by permafrost degradation in the Arctic
Authors: Corbeil-Robitaille Madeleine-Zoé , Duchesne Éliane , Fortier Daniel , Kinnard Christophe , Bêty Joël
Published: July 2024

Abstract. To gain better insight into the cascading impact of warming-induced changes in the physical landscape on biodiversity, it is crucial to better understand links between abiotic and ecological processes governing species distribution. Abiotic processes shaping the physical characteristics of the environment could significantly influence predator movements in the landscape and ultimately affect biodiversity through interspecific interactions. In the Arctic tundra, the main terrestrial predator (Arctic fox) avoids patches of wetlands composed of ponds with islets that can act as refuges for prey. Little is known about the geomorphological processes generating islets selected by prey species. Our study aimed to identify (i) the physical characteristics of islets selected by Arctic-nesting birds and (ii) the geomorphological processes generating islets available in the landscape. Over two breeding seasons, we determined the occurrence of nesting birds (cackling goose, glaucous gull, and red-throated loon) on islets (N=396) found over a 165 km2 area on Bylot Island (Nunavut, Canada). Occupied islets were located further away from the shore (10.6 m ± 7.3 SD vs. 7.4 m ± 6.8 SD) and surrounded by deeper water (33.6 cm ± 10.6 SD vs. 28.1 cm ± 11.5 SD) than unoccupied islets. As expected, all three bird species selected islets less accessible to Arctic foxes, with nesting occurrence increasing with distance to shore and water depth around islets. Based on high-resolution satellite imagery and field observations, we found that ice-wedge polygon degradation generated the majority of islets (71 %) found in the landscape. Those islets were on average farther from the shore and surrounded by deeper water than those generated by other processes. As polygon degradation is projected to accelerate in response to warming, new refuges will likely emerge in the Arctic landscape, but current refuges could also disappear. Changes in the rate of polygon degradation may thus affect Arctic tundra biodiversity by altering predator–prey interactions.
Efficiency metrics for ocean alkalinity enhancement under responsive and prescribed atmosphere conditions
Authors: Tyka Michael Dominik
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE) and direct ocean capture (DOC) are emerging as promising technologies for enacting negative emissions. Due to the delayed air-sea gas exchange, potential for premature subduction of surface water parcels and extensive horizontal transport on timescales for equilibration, the direct experimental measurement of induced CO2 uptake remains elusive. Therefore, the problem of measurement, reporting and verification (MRV) hinges on general circulation models. A number of recent studies have assessed the efficiency of OAE using different model setups and different metrics. Some models use prescribed atmospheric CO2 levels, while others use fully coupled earth-system models. The former ignores atmospheric feedback effects, while the latter explicitly models them. In this paper it is shown that, even for very small OAE deployments, which do no substantially change atmospheric pCO2, the change in oceanic CO2 inventories differs significantly between these methods, due to atmospheric feedback causing some ocean CO2 offgassing. However, an analogous offgassing occurs during direct air capture (DAC). Due to these feedback effects, care must be taken to compute the correct metrics when assessing OAE efficiency with respect to determining negative emissions credits, as opposed to determining the effect on global temperatures. This paper examines the commonly used metrics of OAE efficiency, their exact physical meanings, the assumptions inherent in their use and the relationship between them. It is shown that the efficiency metric η(t), used in prescribed pCO2atm simulations, equals the equivalent schedule of a gradual direct air capture (DAC) removal in a fully coupled system.
Size-resolved process understanding of stratospheric sulfate aerosol following the Pinatubo eruption
Authors: Hu Allen , Liu Xiaohong , Ke Ziming , Wagman Benjamin , Brown Hunter , Lu Zheng , Bull Diana , Peterson Kara
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Stratospheric sulfate aerosol produced by volcanic eruptions plays important roles in atmospheric chemistry and the global radiative balance of the atmosphere. The simulation of stratospheric sulfate concentrations and optical properties is highly dependent on the chemistry scheme and microphysical treatment. In this work, we implemented a sophisticated gas-phase chemistry scheme (full chemistry, FC) and a 5-mode version of the Modal Aerosol Module (MAM5) for the treatment of stratospheric sulfate aerosol in the Department of Energy’s Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 2 (E3SMv2) model to better simulate the chemistry-aerosol feedback following the Pinatubo eruption, and to compare it against a simulation using simplified chemistry (SC) and the default 4-mode version of the Modal Aerosol Module (MAM4). MAM5 experiments were found to better capture the stratospheric sulfate burden from the eruption of the volcano to the end of 1992 as compared to the High-resolution Infra Red Sounder (HIRS) observations, and the formation of sulfate in MAM5FC was significantly faster than in MAM4FC due to the addition of a OH replenishment reaction. Analyses of microphysical processes indicate that more sulfate aerosol mass was generated in total in FC experiments than in SC experiments. MAM5 performs better than MAM4 in simulation of aerosol optical depth (AOD); AOD anomalies from the MAM5 experiment have better agreement with AVHRR. The simulated largest changes in global mean net radiative flux at the top of the atmosphere following the eruption were about -3 W/m2 in MAM5 experiments and roughly -1.5 W/m2 in MAM4 experiments.
Observation-inferred resilience loss of the Amazon rainforest possibly due to internal climate variability
Authors: Grodofzig Raphael , Renoult Martin , Mauritsen Thorsten
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Recent observation-based studies suggest that the Amazon rainforest has lost substantial resilience since 1990, indicating that the forest might undergo a critical transition in the near future due to global warming and deforestation. The idea is to use trends in a lag-1 auto-correlation of leaf density as an early-warning signal of an imminent critical threshold for rainforest dieback. Here we test whether the observed change in auto-correlations could arise from internal variability using historical and control simulations of nine sixth-generation Earth system model ensembles (Phase 6 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, CMIP6). We quantify trends in the leaf area index auto-correlation from both models and satellite-observed vegetation optical depth from 1990 to 2017. Four models reproduce the observed trend with at least one historical realization whereby the observations lie at the upper limit of model variability. Three out of these four models exhibit similar behavior in control runs, suggesting that historical forcing is not necessary for simulating the observed trends. Furthermore, we do not observe a critical transition in any future runs under the strongest greenhouse gas emission scenario (SSP5-8.5) until 2100 in the four models that best reproduce the past observed trends. Hence, the currently observed trends could be caused simply by internal variability and, unless the data records are extended, have limited applicability as an early-warning signal. Our results suggest that the current rapid decline in the Amazon rainforest coverage is not foremost caused by global warming.
Cosmogenic 3He dating of olivine with tightly retained mantle 3He, Volcano Mountain, Yukon
Authors: Mueller Jessica , Bond Jeffrey , Farley Kenneth , Ward Brent
Published: July 2024

Abstract. We present a step-heat method for isolating cosmogenic 3He (3Hec) from mantle He in olivine xenocrysts to date the eruption of very young nephelinites from Volcano Mountain (VM) Yukon, Canada. In these olivines, the standard procedure of powdering grains to <30 µm failed to adequately remove mantle helium prior to fusion analyses. For example, in one powder fusion the concentration of 4He was 2.93 x 106 ± 6.04 x 104 Matoms/g with a 3He/4He ratio of 8.7 ± 0.3 RA (atmospheric ratio; RA = 1.384 x 10-6). Based on the 3He/4He ratio of 8.1 ± 0.2 RA released by crushing of the same sample, the estimated fraction of mantle 3He in the powder fusion is between 87 % and 98 % of the total 3He. The inability to effectively isolate 3Hec from these samples likely arises from the survival of small (<<30 µm) fluid inclusions hosting mantle He through the powdering step. The presence of such unusually small fluid inclusions may relate to the origin of the olivines as disaggregated peridotite xenoliths rather than the more commonly analyzed olivine phenocrysts. Regardless, the high proportion of mantle 3He in the powder fusion yields highly uncertain 3Hec exposure ages. We circumvented this problem by heating powdered olivine in a three-step heating schedule ranging from 700 to 1400 °C. 80–92 % of 3Hec was released in the low temperature step and the rest was released in the middle temperature step. By the highest temperature step, the released He had a mantle-like 3He/4He ratio. Using this technique on two samples from the youngest VM flow, we obtained precise estimates of cosmogenic 3He concentrations, from which we derive an eruption age of 10.9 ka ± 1.1 ka.
Reduced floating-point precision in regional climate simulations: an ensemble-based statistical verification
Authors: Banderier Hugo , Zeman Christian , Leutwyler David , Rüdisühli Stefan , Schär Christoph
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The use of single precision in floating-point representation has become increasingly common in operational weather prediction. Meanwhile, climate simulations are still typically run in double precision. The reasons for this are likely manifold and range from concerns about compliance and conservation laws to the unknown effect of single precision on slow processes or simply the less frequent opportunity and higher computational costs of validation. Using an ensemble-based statistical methodology, Zeman and Schär (2022) could detect differences between double- and single-precision simulations from the regional weather and climate model COSMO. However, these differences are minimal and often only detectable during the first few hours or days of the simulation. To evaluate whether these differences are relevant for regional climate simulations, we have conducted 10-year-long ensemble simulations over the European domain of the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (EURO-CORDEX) in single and double precision with 100 ensemble members. By applying the statistical testing at a grid-cell level for 47 output variables every 12 or 24 h, we only detected a marginally increased rejection rate for the single-precision climate simulations compared to the double-precision reference based on the differences in distribution for all tested variables. This increase in the rejection rate is much smaller than that arising from minor variations of the horizontal diffusion coefficient in the model. Therefore, we deem it negligible as it is masked by model uncertainty. To our knowledge, this study represents the most comprehensive analysis so far on the effects of reduced precision in a climate simulation for a realistic setting, namely with a fully fledged regional climate model in a configuration that has already been used for climate change impact and adaptation studies. The ensemble-based verification of model output at a grid-cell level and high temporal resolution is very sensitive and suitable for verifying climate models. Furthermore, the verification methodology is model-agnostic, meaning it can be applied to any model. Our findings encourage exploiting the reduction of computational costs (∼30 % for COSMO) obtained from reduced precision for regional climate simulations.
How economically and environmentally viable are multiple dams in the upper Cauvery Basin, India? A hydro-economic analysis using a landscape-based hydrological model
Authors: Ekka Anjana , Jiang Yong , Pande Saket , van der Zaag Pieter
Published: July 2024

Abstract. The construction of dams threatens the health of watershed ecosystems. The purpose of this study is to show how multiple dams in a basin can impact hydrological flow regimes and subsequently aquatic ecosystems that depend on river flows. The approach assesses the ecosystem services (ESs), including the tradeoffs between economic and ecological services due to altered flow regimes. It uses a previously developed model that integrates a landscape-based hydrological model with a reservoir operations model on a basin scale. The approach is novel because not only does it offer the analysis of alterations in ecosystem services on a daily scale when pre-dam data are unavailable but also allows for dams to be synthetically placed anywhere in the river network and the corresponding alterations in flow regimes to be simulated in a flexible manner. As a proof of concept, we analyse the economic and ecological performances of different spatial configuration of existing reservoirs instead of synthetically placed reservoirs in the upper Cauvery River basin in India. Such a study is timely and conducted for the first time, especially in light of calls to assess the cascade of reservoirs in India and regions elsewhere where pre-dam data are unavailable. The hydrological impact of different configurations of reservoirs is quantified using indicators of hydrologic alteration (IHAs). Additionally, the production of two major ecosystem services that depend on the flow regime of the river, as indicated by irrigated agricultural production and the normalized fish diversity index (NFDI), is estimated, and a tradeoff curve, i.e. a production possibility frontier, for the two services is established. Through the lens of the indices chosen for the ecosystem services, the results show that smaller reservoirs on lower-order streams are better for the basin economy and the environment than larger reservoirs. Cultivating irrigated crops of higher value can maximize the value of stored water and, with lower storage, generate a better economic value than cultivating lower-value crops while reducing hydrological alterations. The proposed approach, especially when simulating synthetic spatial configurations of reservoirs, can help water and river basin managers to understand the provision of ecosystem services in hydrologically altered basins, optimize dam operations, or even prioritize dam removals with a goal of achieving a balanced provision of ecosystem services.
Could an extremely cold central European winter such as 1963 happen again despite climate change?
Authors: Sippel Sebastian , Barnes Clair , Cadiou Camille , Fischer Erich , Kew Sarah , Kretschmer Marlene , Philip Sjoukje , Shepherd Theodore G. , Singh Jitendra , Vautard Robert , Yiou Pascal
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Central European winters have warmed markedly since the mid-20th century. Yet cold winters are still associated with severe societal impacts on energy systems, infrastructure, and public health. It is therefore crucial to anticipate storylines of worst-case cold winter conditions and to understand whether an extremely cold winter, such as the coldest winter on the historical record of Germany in 1963 (−6.3 °C or −3.4σ seasonal December–January–February (DJF) temperature anomaly relative to 1981–2010), is still possible in a warming climate. Here, we first show based on multiple attribution methods that a winter of similar circulation conditions to 1963 would still lead to an extreme seasonal cold anomaly of about −4.9 to −4.7 °C (best estimates across methods) under present-day climate. This would rank as the second-coldest winter in the last 75 years. Second, we conceive storylines of worst-case cold winter conditions based on two independent rare event sampling methods (climate model boosting and empirical importance sampling): a winter as cold as 1963 is still physically possible in central Europe today, albeit very unlikely. While cold winter hazards become less frequent and less intense in a warming climate overall, it remains crucial to anticipate the possibility of an extremely cold winter to avoid potential maladaptation and increased vulnerability.
ClimaMeter: contextualizing extreme weather in a changing climate
Authors: Faranda Davide , Messori Gabriele , Coppola Erika , Alberti Tommaso , Vrac Mathieu , Pons Flavio , Yiou Pascal , Saint Lu Marion , Hisi Andreia N. S. , Brockmann Patrick , Dafis Stavros , Mengaldo Gianmarco , Vautard Robert
Published: July 2024

Abstract. Climate change is a global challenge with multiple far-reaching consequences, including the intensification and increased frequency of many extreme-weather events. In response to this pressing issue, we present ClimaMeter, a platform designed to assess and contextualize extreme-weather events relative to climate change. The platform offers near-real-time insights into the dynamics of extreme events, serving as a resource for researchers and policymakers while also being a science dissemination tool for the general public. ClimaMeter currently analyses heatwaves, cold spells, heavy precipitation, and windstorms. This paper elucidates the methodology, data sources, and analytical techniques on which ClimaMeter relies, providing a comprehensive overview of its scientific foundation. We further present two case studies: the late 2023 French heatwave and the July 2023 Storm Poly. We use two distinct datasets for each case study, namely Multi-Source Weather (MSWX) data, which serve as the reference for our rapid-attribution protocol, and the ERA5 dataset, widely regarded as the leading global climate reanalysis. These examples highlight both the strengths and limitations of ClimaMeter in expounding the link between climate change and the dynamics of extreme-weather events.
Scabies Emergence! A Critical Health Crisis Demands Immediate Action
Authors: Kumar Aakash , Jaffar Areeba , Mehmood Kanza
Published: July 2024

Scabies, caused by Sarcoptes scabiei ectoparasites, is a skin infestation marked by itching and erythematous lesions. Recognized as a global public health issue, especially in crowded settings, it was added to the Neglected Tropical diseases list by the World Health Organization in 2017. The International Alliance for the Control of Scabies (IACS) provides diagnostic criteria, emphasizing definitive, clinical, and suspicious cases. Microscopic examination is key for a definitive diagnosis, while clinical and suspected cases
 
rely on characteristic lesions and patient history.
Realidad de la mujer migrante árabe-musulmana: análisis de su integración y participación social en Andalucía (España)
Authors: Morcillo Martínez Juana María , Torres Kumbrian Rubén Darío , Ochando Ramirez Maria Victoria
Published: July 2024

La inclusión social de mujeres musulmanas en Andalucía (España) es muy importante. Entendemos la integración social como la capacidad para participar activamente en la sociedad de acogida. En este artículo, presentamos los principales resultados de una investigación cuyo objetivo fue analizar cuatro cuestiones claves que influyen directamente en su proceso de integración social: (1) Aislamiento social. (2) Religión, idioma y velo. (3) Trabajo desempeñado en Andalucía. (4) Efectos derivados de la pandemia. Para ello, hemos utilizado la metodología cualitativa. A través de la entrevista en profundidad hemos dado voz a las reflexiones de nuestras informantes claves. Los resultados muestran la necesidad de poner en marcha actuaciones eficaces que favorezcan la integración y participación sociolaboral de mujeres marroquíes en Andalucía, donde queden erradicadas situaciones de exclusión social. Resulta imprescindible el conocimiento de esta realidad para visibilizarlas, avanzar en materia de derechos humanos y conseguir su empoderamiento en la sociedad de acogida.
Soledad no deseada: noción e intervención. Una reflexión crítica desde el análisis de Madrid Vecina
Authors: Barrio Formoso Óscar
Published: July 2024

La soledad no deseada es entendida como uno de los grandes problemas sociales de nuestra época. Es por ello por lo que están surgiendo nuevas iniciativas que tratan de hacerle frente tanto desde las instituciones públicas como desde el tercer sector. El presente artículo analiza una de estas iniciativas, Madrid Vecina, llevada a cabo por la Fundación Grandes Amigos y financiada por el Ayuntamiento de Madrid, en la interacción de sus dimensiones simbólica, sustantiva y operativa. Y lo hace para tratar de esclarecer la noción de soledad que la iniciativa construye y pone en movimiento, y cómo esta, a su vez, influye en la práctica de intervención. Surge entonces una soledad no deseada entendida como problema esencialmente negativo, patologizada en muchos de sus sentidos e individualizada y desconectada de raíces estructurales, que limita enormemente una intervención radical. Todo ello se sustenta desde el trabajo etnográfico sostenido durante más de un año en la cotidianeidad de la iniciativa.
Poder y género en los liderazgo del Trabajo Social
Authors: Berasaluze Correa Ainhoa
Published: July 2024

Pensar el trabajo social en clave de liderazgo es algo que nos incumbe e interpela al conjunto de las y los profesionales, estemos ocupando o no un puesto de dirección o responsabilidad. Nos remite a pensar sobre nuestra manera de ser y estar en la profesión: ¿cómo nos relacionamos con el poder? ¿cómo influye nuestra identidad de género? ¿con qué tipo de liderazgo nos identificamos? Son cuestiones poco reflexionadas, que nos suelen incomodar y que en muchas ocasiones tratamos de evitar. Sin embargo, debemos reflexionar sobre ellas si aspiramos a liderar el área de conocimiento e intervención del trabajo social y los servicios sociales desde unas prácticas asentadas en la ética, el compromiso y la justicia social.
En este artículo se comparten los resultados de investigaciones basados en la práctica del acompañamiento y la supervisión con profesionales de la acción social, fundamentalmente, trabajadoras sociales de los servicios sociales, que se encuentran en puestos de responsabilidad. Gracias a ellas hemos conocido los condicionantes contextuales, profesionales y personales con los que se encuentran en el día a día y juntas hemos ido construyendo estrategias de acción para un desempeño más eficaz y saludable.
Se trata, en definitiva, de una invitación a reflexionar sobre los liderazgos en trabajo social, sobre nuestra identidad profesional y sobre el papel que desempeñamos en las políticas sociales.
La Pilarcita, de María Marull: Lo real maravilloso, el milagro y el carnaval en el litoral argentino
Authors: Ventura Laura
Published: July 2024

En La Pilarcita, ambientada en el litoral argentino, María Marull explora la leyenda de una niña santa, Pilar Zaracho, y el culto que se ha creado en torno a sus milagrosos poderes. Este artículo estudia cómo la autora combina en su dramaturgia esta celebración popular, a la que acuden anualmente miles de feligreses, con el carnaval de la región. A través de un procedimiento sincrético, Marull logra una interesante amalgama, a través de la exploración de lo real maravilloso americano, en un texto donde pone en valor el patrimonio cultural de una región y su identidad.
Identidad femenina e identidad nacional y racial en la obra afrofeminista No es país para negras de Silvia Albert Sopale
Authors: Franceschini-Toussaint Marie-Elisa
Published: July 2024

No es país para negras [2018] es un unipersonal tragicómico, coescrito e interpretado por Silvia Albert Sopale, que narra en primera persona el periplo vital de una mujer negra nacida en España, en San Sebastián, en 1976. Este viaje autorreferencial por la vida de la propia autora, desde la infancia hasta la edad adulta, pasando por la adolescencia y sus interrogantes, recoge también las vivencias y experiencias de muchas mujeres afrodescendientes, para poner de manifiesto la tensión identitaria que supone ser una afroespañola. La obra constituye una reflexión sobre cómo la sociedad española ve, o no ve, a las mujeres afrodescendientes y cómo esta mirada les afecta en la difícil construcción de su propia identidad, o más bien en la expresión de una identidad en busca de visibilidad. Estas mujeres sufren a la vez racismo y sexismo, una superposición de discriminaciones que puede invitarnos a leer y ver la obra desde la perspectiva del feminismo interseccional. Nuestro objetivo será analizar cómo aparecen y se combinan estos dos tipos de discriminaciones en las situaciones evocadas, y cómo Silvia Albert las denuncia en su obra.
Poncia: reescritura y actualización de La casa de Bernarda Alba
Authors: Sobrón Tauber Guadalupe
Published: July 2024

En el presente trabajo se aborda la obra Poncia, estrenada en octubre de 2023 con dirección de Luis Luque e interpretada por Lolita Flores. Se propone un análisis de la relación entre la obra con su texto de base, La casa de Bernarda Alba, atendiendo a los procedimientos de reescritura, el trabajo comparativo con los personajes y los aspectos esenciales de su puesta en escena. A su vez, se considerarán las primeras reseñas que la obra ha motivado. También se reflexionará respecto de la relación de la obra con su contexto y con la figura autoral del propio García Lorca. Se trata de una pieza que revaloriza un personaje lorquiano que establece reivindicaciones no sólo en torno al género y la clase, sino también a la propia condición humana.
Electricity Price Analysis for Renewable Energy Dominated Electricity Markets under Extreme Scenarios
Authors: Yanning Zhang  , Jin Zhong
Published: July 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic, the energy crisis, the outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine war, and the rapid development of renewable energy electricity generation in European countries brought risks to electricity market operations, which are shown as high fluctuations in electricity prices. In order to explore the price risks of electricity markets in European countries, this paper studies the annual average electricity spot price and their fluctuations in each country, and compares them based on the renewable energy percentage of the country and inter-country power exchanges. It was found that under periods with extreme energy supply/consumption situations, a high proportion of hydropower generation may aggravate the price fluctuation of the electricity market. Meanwhile, electricity systems with high wind and solar generations are highly rely on natural gas, and hence be affected by gas/oil markets. Finally, cross-border electricity transactions might trigger electricity price fluctuations under extreme circumstances.
8. KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ TÚI PHÌNH ĐỘNG MẠCH NÃO GIỮA VỠ BẰNG PHẪU THUẬT ÍT XÂM LẤN
Authors: Thành Nguyễn Quang , Hà Nguyễn Thế , Trang Phạm Quỳnh , Lộc Vũ Tân , Đặng Nguyễn Tất
Published: July 2024

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá kết quả điều trị phẫu thuật ít xâm lấn đối với túi phình động mạch não giữa vỡ.
Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang, tiến cứu các trường hợp phình động mạch não giữa vỡ được điều trị bằng phẫu thuật ít xâm lấn tại Bệnh viện Bạch Mai từ tháng 1/2021 đến tháng 6/2023. Khảo sát đặc điểm lâm sàng và chẩn đoán hình ảnh trước và sau mổ, các biến chứng và mức độ hài lòng của người bệnh.
Kết quả: 62 bệnh nhân với tỷ lệ 24 nam/38 nữ, đa số trong độ tuổi 50-70. Hầu hết bệnh nhân có triệu chứng đau đầu và hội chứng màng não, độ lâm sàng 1-2 theo WFNS. 77,42% bệnh nhân có chảy máu dưới nhện Fisher 1 và 2. Túi phình nhỏ hơn 10 mm chiếm 84,48%, tỷ lệ kẹp hoàn toàn túi phình là 98,39%. Kết quả điều trị tốt chiếm tỷ lệ cao với 93,55% và hầu hết bệnh nhân hài lòng về vết mổ của mình.
Kết luận: Với đối tượng bệnh nhân được lựa chọn phù hợp, điều trị phình động mạch não giữa vỡ bằng phẫu thuật ít xâm lấn cho kết quả điều trị tốt với ít biến chứng và mức độ hài lòng cao.
23. ĐÁNH GIÁ HIỆU QUẢ CỦA PHẦN MỀM TƯ VẤN SỬ DỤNG THUỐC CHO BỆNH NHÂN UNG THƯ ĐIỀU TRỊ HÓA CHẤT TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRUNG ƯƠNG QUÂN ĐỘI 108
Authors: Thái Lê Huy , Yến Nguyễn Thị Hải , Hà Nguyễn Mạnh , Thoa Quách Thị , Hà Vũ Mạnh
Published: July 2024

Mục tiêu: Đánh giá hiệu quả của phần mềm tư vấn sử dụng thuốc hỗ trợ hoạt động tư vấn của dược sỹ lâm sàng cho bệnh nhân ung thư điều trị hóa chất tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108 năm 2023.
Đối tượng và phương pháp: Hồi cứu có phân tích trên toàn bộ các trường hợp tư vấn thông qua phần mềm tư vấn sử dụng thuốc tại Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108 từ ngày 1/8/2023 đến ngày 15/11/2023 và so sánh với kết quả tư vấn bệnh nhân ung thư trước đó (giai đoạn từ ngày 1/1/2023 đến ngày 31/7/2023).
Kết quả: Tỷ lệ bệnh nhân ung thư điều trị hóa chất được tư vấn bởi dược sỹ lâm sàng tăng lên sau khi có sự hỗ trợ từ phần mềm tư vấn sử dụng thuốc (tăng 108%), sự cải thiện điểm kiến thức từ tương đương với trước khi triển khai phần mềm thông qua số điểm đánh giá kiến thức từ 35,7-73,3 điểm/100 điểm (p < 0,001) với giai đoạn trước khi triển khai phần mềm và từ 37,9-73,3 điểm/100 điểm (p < 0,001) với sự hỗ trợ từ phần mềm. Sau khi triển khai phần mềm, có 98,8% bệnh nhân  đánh giá hoạt động tư vấn là “có ích”. Toàn bộ bệnh nhân đánh giá hoạt động tư vấn bởi dược sỹ lâm sàng là “quan trọng”, thông tin được cung cấp mức độ “đầy đủ”. Có 94,2% bệnh nhân đánh giá “hài lòng” hoặc “rất hài lòng” về hình thức tư vấn mới.
Kết luận: Sự hỗ trợ của phần mềm tư vấn sử dụng thuốc đã giúp hoạt động tư vấn cho bệnh nhân ung thư được mở rộng, được đánh giá tích cực và hữu ích từ phía bệnh nhân. Kết quả của nghiên cứu có thể là động lực để bệnh viện thúc đẩy, mở rộng phần mềm để nâng cao hiệu quả tư vấn, tăng chất lượng điều trị.
30. KIỆT SỨC NGHỀ NGHIỆP Ở ĐIỀU DƯỠNG CÁC KHOA LÂM SÀNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN THÀNH PHỐ THỦ ĐỨC NĂM 2023 VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN
Authors: Thật Võ Thị , Đức Dương Minh , Hùng Đỗ Mạnh , Hoàng Nguyễn Võ Minh , Thư Huỳnh Mỹ
Published: July 2024

Đặt vấn đề: Kiệt sức nghề nghiệp là hội chứng căng thẳng mạn tính tại nơi làm việc mà không được kiểm soát thành công, để lại nhiều hậu quả và chưa được quan tâm đúng mức.
Mục tiêu: Mô tả thực trạng kiệt sức nghề nghiệp của điều dưỡng ở các khoa lâm sàng tại Bệnh viện thành phố Thủ Đức năm 2023 và tìm hiểu một số yếu tố liên quan.
Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu cắt ngang, đối tượng là điều dưỡng các khoa lâm sàng đã công tác tại Bệnh viện thành phố Thủ Đức từ 12 tháng trở lên. Sử dụng thang đo kiệt sức nghề nghiệp của bộ câu hỏi Maslach Burnout Inventory với 22 câu hỏi với 3 cấu phần là cạn kiệt cảm xúc, hoài nghi bản thân và hiệu quả công việc.
Kết quả: Nghiên cứu đã khảo sát được 180 điều dưỡng. Tỷ lệ kiệt sức nghề nghiệp của điều dưỡng các khoa lâm sàng là 33,3%, trong đó khối nội khoa có tỷ lệ 42,6%, khối ngoại khoa có tỷ lệ 30,5% và khối hồi sức có tỷ lệ 24,3%. Các yếu tố liên quan đến tình trạng kiệt sức nghề nghiệp của điều dưỡng gồm: số giờ làm việc nhiều hơn 40 giờ/tuần, trực theo ca 16 giờ, tần suất trực đêm từ 2 lần/tuần trở lên, không hài lòng với sự hỗ của đồng nghiệp, môi trường làm việc không an toàn, ý định nghỉ việc ở mức độ thỉnh thoảng và thường xuyên (p < 0,05).
Kết luận: Bảo đảm thời gian làm việc của điều dưỡng không quá 40 giờ/tuần, hạn chế việc trực đêm trên 2 lần/tuần trở lên, nâng cấp cơ sở vật chất, bảo đảm an ninh trật tự.
33. KIẾN THỨC, THỰC HÀNH AN TOÀN THỰC PHẨM CỦA NGƯỜI TIÊU DÙNG THỰC PHẨM TẠI THÁI BÌNH NĂM 2023
Authors: Hạnh Phạm Thị Mỹ , Liễu Nguyễn Thị , Thủy Đinh Thị Ngọc , Thúy Đào Thị , Dung Phạm Thị , Lộc Vũ Thế , Nam Lê Hoàng Duy
Published: July 2024

Mục tiêu: Mô tả kiến thức, thực hành về an toàn thực phẩm của người tiêu dùng thực phẩm tại tỉnh Thái Bình năm 2023.
Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 249 đối tượng là người tiêu dùng từ 15-80 tuổi tại tỉnh Thái Bình năm 2023 nhằm đánh giá kiến thức, thực hành về an toàn thực phẩm.
Kết quả: 89,9% người tiêu dùng (54,7% loại A, 35,2% loại B) đạt kiến thức về an toàn thực phẩm, ở huyện và thành phố tương đồng lần lượt là 89,1% (59,7% loại A, 29,4% loại B), 90,8% (55,4% loại A, 35,4% loại B). Tỷ lệ đạt yêu cầu về thực hành là 98,8% (57% loại A, 41,8% loại B), tỷ lệ này ở huyện là 98,3% (50,4% loại A, 47,9% loại B), ở thành phố là 99,2% (63,1% loại A, 36,2% loại B). 66,2% người mua thực phẩm tại đường đi, chợ cóc, 62,6% người mua thực phẩm tại siêu thị, cửa hàng thực phẩm sạch. 7,7% người tiêu dùng tái sử dụng với thực phẩm đã bị ôi thiu để nấu ăn tiếp. 57% người tiêu dùng biết được các nội dung bắt buộc ghi nhãn thực phẩm bảo vệ sức khỏe.
Kết luận: Kiến thức và thực hành của người tiêu dùng thực phẩm đạt mức cao lần lượt là 89,9% và 98,8%, trong đó đạt loại A (đúng ≥ 80% số câu hỏi) ở cả hai nhóm huyện và thành phố đều lớn hơn 50%. Tỷ lệ người tiêu dùng lựa chọn thực phẩm trong các siêu thị, cửa hàng thực phẩm sạch là 62,6%. Một số kiến thức về nguy cơ mất an toàn thực phẩm như muối dưa, cà trong lọ, hộp, thùng nhựa, hiểu biết về ghi nhãn thực phẩm bảo vệ sức khỏe có tỷ lệ đạt chỉ hơn 50%. Do đó, cần tăng cường công tác truyền thông giáo dục sức khỏe về an toàn thực phẩm cho đối tượng người tiêu dùng.
44. NGHIÊN CỨU MỘT SỐ ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG HOẠI TỬ VÔ KHUẨN CHỎM XƯƠNG ĐÙI Ở NGƯỜI BỆNH ĐIỀU TRỊ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TTH HÀ TĨNH (2022-2023)
Authors: Quang Nguyễn , Sinh Cao Trường , Thiều Nguyễn Quang , Cảnh Hoàng Đình
Published: July 2024

Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng bệnh lý hoại tử vô khuẩn chỏm xương đùi tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa TTH Hà Tĩnh từ năm 2022-2023.
Phương pháp: Nghiên cứu bằng các phương pháp dịch tễ học mô tả có phân tích.
Kết quả: 180 bệnh nhân nghiên cứu có tuổi trung bình 54,7; tỷ lệ nam/nữ là 8,47/1; 86,1% sống tại nông thôn; 57,2% làm ruộng và 41,1% làm nghề lặn biển. Lâm sàng nổi bật có 89,4% đau tại vùng khớp háng; 96,1% khó khăn khi vận động khớp háng; thời gian xuất hiện tổn thương đến khi vào viện trung bình 19,70 ± 16,57 tháng; 100% teo cơ và hạn chế vận động; 56,6% ngắn chi từ 0,5 cm trở lên. Cận lâm sàng có hình ảnh giảm mật độ xương (42,2%) và loãng xương (29,4%), giá trị T-score trung bình -1,74 ± 0,99; tổn thương chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất là độ III khi chụp MRI (57,2%) và khi chụp X quang (46,6%).
Kết luận: Hoại tử vô khuẩn chỏm xương đùi chủ yếu gặp ở nam, sống ở nông thôn với các biểu hiện teo cơ, đau vùng khớp háng, hạn chế vận động, giảm mật độ xương hoặc loãng xương với giá trị T-score -1,74 ± 0,99
UTILISATION OF NATURAL DYES FROM NIPAH FRUIT SKIN (NYPA FRUTICANS) USING THE SHIBORI TECHNIQUE IN FASHION PRODUCTS
Authors: Novita Novita , Abd. Madjid Shabri , Bahi Muhammad , Irvanizam Irvanizam , Erni Erni , Angraini Irma
Published: July 2024

This research explores the potential of Nipah fruit skin as a natural dye for textiles and demonstrates its practical application. Natural dyes derived from plant extracts, such as roots, wood, fruit, skin, seeds, or flowers, have long been used in textiles. However, this study investigates using palm fruit skin waste as a natural dye. The Shibori Nui Technique, a tie-dye technique originating from Japan, is employed, where fabric is sewn together and wrapped with thread, then dipped in dye and made into fashion products. The extraction of colour from nipa palm skin is a process of boiling the nipa palm skin, which is then left overnight; the dyeing process on textiles is carried out using the cold dyeing method. The research, conducted in experimental forms with a quantitative approach, utilised data collection techniques, including documentation, literature study, applied experiments, and questionnaires. The data obtained was arranged systematically and described narratively. The research results show that the colour produced from Nipah fruit skin with whiting fixation produces a terracotta colour, and the product produced is outer. The potential of Nipah fruit skin as an alternative natural dye is promising, offering a sustainable and ecofriendly solution for the fashion industry.
Impact of a therapeutic educational intervention using a gamification method aimed at adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
Authors: Palacio Marco Mónica ,   Pediatric Endocrine Department, Pérez Sánchez Jacobo , Costa Ventura Helena , García Martínez Javier , Corripio Raquel , Couto Rosende Yolanda ,   Pediatric Endocrine Department,   Pediatric Endocrine Department,   Pediatric Endocrine Department,   Pediatric Endocrine Department,   Pediatric Digestive Department Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari. Institut d’Investigació innovació Parc Taulí 3PT. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain.
Published: July 2024

ntroduction : Autoimmune type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases in the paediatric age group. Gamification in diabetes education may have the potential to change health behaviours by creating an innovative, engaging and interactive learning environment. Material and methods : A 6-month prospective quasiexperimental pilot study aimed at evaluating the impact of a gamified educational intervention (own kahoot ®, face-to-face, in 2 sessions, with immediate feedback) on diabetes knowledge, metabolic control and quality of life of adolescents with T1D. Variables recorded : knowledge using the Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire Test (DKQ2) and own Diabethoc questionnaire, metabolic control parameters through glycosylated haemoglobin, main parameters established according to the recommendations of the Advanced Technologies & Treatments for Diabetes (for sensor use >70%) and quality of life in diabetes with the PedsQL test. Results : Twenty-one patients (61.9% boys) with a mean age of 13.8±0.81SD years on multi-dose insulin therapy 71.4% (n=15) and the insulin pump 28.6% (n=6) were included. Assessment by DKQ2 showed a 38.7% increase in knowledge post-intervention. The Diabet-hoc test showed an increase of 65.3% throughout the study. Changes in metabolic control and the quality-of-life test were not statistically significant. Conclusions : Our tool demonstrated an improvement in diabetes knowledge maintained at 6 months after the study
BIOLOGICAL AND PROGNOSTIC IMPORTANCE OF CYTOKINES IN ORAL CANCER
Authors: Komarova E. Yu. , Zlatnik E. Yu. , Komarova E. F. , Novikova I. A. , Sagakyants A. B. , Engibaryan M. A. , Ishonina O. G. , Dzhenkova E. A. , Pozdnyakova V. V. , Shalashnaya E. V.
Published: July 2024

Epidemiological data indicate high rates of morbidity and mortality of oral mucosal cancer worldwide. At the same time, even visual accessibility does not allow detecting oral cancer in the early stages.

The purpose of the study. Assessment of the involvement of cytokines in the development and progression of oral cancer.

Materials and methods. The search for publications was carried out in the databases of the RSCI, PubMed, Scopus 2019-2023 years for the following queries: cancer of the oral mucosa; potentially malignant diseases of the oral cavity; precancerous diseases of the oral cavity, inflammation and cancer, cytokines, saliva cytokines, serum cytokines.

Results. It is now recognized that under the influence of inflammation, neoplastic and stromal cells interact and control tumor evolution by producing cytokines. Modern studies demonstrate the important role of cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-8, IL-6, IL-1β in the development and progression of oral cancer. A review of the conducted studies indicates that cytokines released by tumor cells of oral cancer, as well as the tumor microenvironment, contribute to cell proliferation, survival, and migration of tumor cells of this localization, although they activate immune cells, contributing to the modulation of the antitumor immune response. Hyperproduction of cytokines, registered at the local and systemic levels, appears to be a consequence of dysregulation of proliferative processes and at the same time one of the causes of tumor spread.

Conclusion. Modern research demonstrates the important role of various cytokines in the development and progression of cancer of the oral mucosa. In this regard, therapeutic approaches that limit their growthstimulating activity should be considered.
TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS AND BRONCHIAL ASTHMA: PART 2
Authors: Mineeva A. A. , Makarova L. V. , Antonov O. V.
Published: July 2024

For the last decade, the attention of researchers has been attracted by Toll-like receptors that provide recognition of pathogens and trigger an immune response to them. As participants in acute infectious processes, with inadequate stimulation associated with mutation of genes regulating expression of the receptors, they cause the initiation or exacerbation of asthma in predisposed individuals. At the same time, the reduced function of the receptors leads to an insufficient immune response in respiratory infectious diseases, which also leads to an exacerbation of bronchial asthma. In addition, Toll-like receptors are direct elements of the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma, supporting or reducing inflammation. Thus, Toll-like receptors can not only aggravate the course of asthma, but also prevent exacerbations of the disease. Knowledge of the role of these receptors in the pathophysiology of bronchial asthma is necessary to improve diagnostic methods and timely detection of the disease. Using data on the effects realized by the receptors, medicines are being developed that are antagonists or agonists of a Toll-like receptors. The use of medicines acting on receptors in the treatment and prevention of asthma in the future may lead to increased control over the course of the disease.