bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Porcine parvovirus induces apopyosis by activating TLR2-mediated NF-κB signaling pathway in PK-15 cells
Authors: Xia Lu , Xu Menglong , Jin Xiaohui , Zhang Chi , Liao Hang , Wang Pingli , Zhou Yong , Song Yue , Wang Linqing
Published: March 2022

Porcine parvovirus (PPV) mainly induces severe reproductive failure in pregnant swine, and causes huge economic losses to the swine industry. Cell apoptosis induced by PPV infection has been identified the major cause of reproductive failure. However, the molecular mechanism was not fully elucidated. In this study, the potential mechanism of PPV induced apoptosis in PK-15 cells was investigated. Our results showed that PPV induced apoptosis in PK-15 cells. Further studies revealed that PPV induces apoptosis by activating the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling. The activation of NF-κB signaling was demonstrated by the phosphorylation of p65, p65 nuclear translocation and degradation of inhibitor of kappa B α (IκBα). Finally, our studies provided evidence that toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) was involved in the PPV-mediated apoptosis and activation of NF-κB signaling. The expression of TLR2 were increased after PPV infection. TLR2 siRNA significantly decreased the apoptosis and activation of NF-κB after PPV infection. Together, these results provided evidence that the recognition between PPV and PK-15 cells was mainly through TLR2, and then induction of the NF-κB signaling pathway activation, which further induces apoptosis. Our study could provide information to understand the molecular mechanisms of PPV infection.
Spatial analysis of healthy environment components in Hashtpar city, Iran
Authors: Fasihi Habibollah , dastjerdi Hassan Kamran , Harehdasht Farshid Sohbati
Published: March 2022

The environment in which we live greatly affects our health. This paper aimed to analyze the environmental factors influencing health in Hashtpar, a medium sized city with a population of about 53000 people, located in coastal plain of northern Iran. 14 indicators were included in the dataset and it is used one or a combination of 2 or more methods to generate a mean value for any of the indicators in any of the supposed 34 data collection points. The data entered into Arc Map 10.8 (GIS), then, zoning maps were produced using the Kriging interpolation tool in GIS. Findings show that generally, healthy environment indicators are higher than average level and the indicators are in better condition in central parts of the city than those in outskirts.
A novel three-dimensional quantitative assessment method for abnormal root morphology of the maxillary premolars in vivo on cone-beam computed tomography
Authors: Liu Jian , Xu Xiao , Wang Xian-E , Jia Peng-Cheng , Pan Meng-Qiao , Xu Li
Published: March 2022

Background
Previous studies have described and recorded abnormal root morphology. However, most of these studies were based on two-dimensional periapical or panoramic radiographs, and only a few studies have quantified it. We aimed to combine two-dimensional periapical radiographs and three-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to conduct qualitative judgment and quantitative analysis of normal and conical roots, and explore the clinical diagnostic method of normal and conical roots based on intraoral radiographs and CBCT.
Methods
The conical root was identified visually on periapical radiographs as the clinical gold standard. All teeth were divided into the cone-rooted teeth (CRT) or normal-rooted teeth (NRT) group. Furthermore, the differences in root length (RL), root surface area (RSA), and root volume (RV) of conical and normal roots in the maxillary premolars on CBCT were compared. Receiver operator characteristic curves were generated, and the areas the under curve (AUCs) and cutoff values were calculated to evaluate the diagnostic value for RV, RSA, RV/RL, and RSA/RL.
Results
The RSAs of NRT and CRT were 236.88 ± 27.93 mm2 and 207.98 ± 27.80 mm2, respectively (P < 0.05). The mean RV in the CRT group was lower than that in the NRT group, and the difference was statistically significant (253.40 ± 41.98 mm3 vs. 316.93 ± 49.89 mm3). The AUC values of the RSA/RL and RV/RL were 0.87 and 0.89, respectively, and the best cutoff values were 19.61 for RSA/RL (if RSA/RL was < 19.61, the teeth were considered CRT) and 24.05 for RV/RL (if RV/RL was < 24.05, the teeth were considered CRT).
Conclusions
CBCT had a significant diagnostic value in the clinical evaluation of conical roots. RSA/RL and RV/RL were the best parameters with the largest AUC and high sensitivity and specificity.
Home Care for COVID-19 positive cases: Suitability of the Residential Setting and ability of cases to adhere to the required preventive measures
Authors: Youssef Dalal , Berry Atika , Naja Abir Abou , Farhat Suzan , Abbas Linda Abou , Youssef Janet , Hassan Hamad
Published: March 2022

Introduction:With the upsurge of COVID-19 cases, Lebanese hospitals are overburdened and hospital care was prioritized for COVID-19 patients with the highest probability of poor outcomes. This paper aimed to assess the suitability of residential settings for home isolation and to explore the patient’s ability to adhere to the required precautions measures.Methods:All COVID-19 cases reported between February, 21 and the end of June 2020 and who had mild or moderate symptoms, were contacted via phone calls by a healthcare professional to fill out a standardized questionnaire developed to assess the suitability of the residential setting for home care. Inpatient cases were required, before their discharge from the hospitals, to sign consent related to their adherence to the mandatory precautionary measures. They were also asked to complete, on daily basis, the symptoms monitoring log form. A referral system to health facilities was established to manage cases with worsening health status. A collaborative framework to address violations of home isolation rules was also put in place. Results:Of the 600 cases assessed, 44.7% of them were isolated in a living building apartment (67.2%) with one entrance (85.5%) including four to eight rooms (71%). Around one-quarter of patients have children (<5 years) and 75% of them were living with elderly people. Most of the patients confirmed the availability of a well-ventilated single room (96.2%) and a separate bathroom (80.17%). As for infrastructure, more than 90% of patients confirmed the availability of drinking and tank water, heating facilities, electricity, and safe trash elimination. Similarly, more than 90% of them had access to personal hygiene items, disinfectants, and personal protective equipment. The bulk of homes care were rated as easily reachable. As for awareness and ability to self-serving, 94.5% of patients were knowledgeable about the required preventive measures, able to serve themselves and to adhere to the isolation requirements as well. Only 51.8% of them had access to psychological support. Conclusion:Proper assessment of the residential setting for home care of COVID-19 cases combined with close monitoring of the adherence of patients to the required precaution measures are highly needed for limiting the spread of infection within the household and the community.
Human Attention and Electroencephalograms
Authors: Attar Eyad
Published: March 2022

MATLAB is an advanced numerical calculation tool that is widely used by engineers and scientists. MATLAB is popular in such fields as image processing, signal processing, communications, and automation systems. MATLAB efficiently reflects changes in research results. The use of the electroencephalogram (EEG) is an important method for exploring human brain activity. It provides useful evaluation data about the changeability of the EEG frequency band. By simplifying the programming environment and improving the EEG results, EEG-MATLAB coding was developed in this study. Ten recordings of subjects were performed using EEGs. The EEG features were compared under two conditions: relax and un-relax. For statistical analysis, a correlation coefficient was used to correlate the two sessions with EEG-extracted features. The objective of this study was to help researchers in EEG analysis to run the code and compare the EEG bands: delta (up to 4-Hz), theta (4–8-Hz), alpha (8–15-Hz), beta (15–32-Hz), and gamma (≥ 32-Hz) waves. The results of this study can also be used for any analysis that employs EEGs in mental status research.
QiShenYiQi Dripping Pill Alleviates Myocardial Ischemia-Induced Ferroptosis Via Improving Mitochondrial Dynamical Homeostasis and Biogenesis
Authors: Wu Lingling , Fan Zhaoyang , Liu Jincheng , Cui Zekun , Huang Zixuan , Zhao Qingfei , Zhang Yuanyuan , Yu Boyang , Kou Junping , Li Fang
Published: March 2022

PurposeQiShenYiQi dripping pill (QSYQ) is a traditional Chinese medicine for alleviating cardiovascular diseases. Whereas, the potential mechanism remains to be further elucidated. Thus, this paper is designed to explore the protective mechanism of QSYQ in myocardial ischemia (MI)-induced injury.MethodsMyocardial ischemia was induced in mice by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation (CAL). Then, mice were treated by QSYQ dripping pills (12, 35 and 105 mg/kg) for 14 days. The effect and mechanism of QSYQ against MI injury were investigated in vivo.ResultsTreatment with QSYQ significantly improved the contractile function, and extenuated myocardial fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration after MI injury. QSYQ administration also reduced the level of LDH and NT-pro BNP in serum. Additionally, myocardial iron content and serum MDA, 4-HNE were decreased and GSH was increased after QSYQ administration. The mRNA expression of GPX4 and SLC7A11 were increased, and PTGS2 mRNA expression level was reduced by QSYQ treatment. Moreover, QSYQ ameliorated myocardial mitochondrial ultrastructure damage and decreased mitochondrial ROS production. Furthermore, QSYQ heightened the expressions of PGC-1α, TFAM and Nrf1, which indicated that QSYQ could promote mitochondrial biogenesis. In addition, QSYQ treatment also increased MFN2 and OPA1 expressions, while the expression of p-DRP1 was decreased.ConclusionsAll these suggested that QSYQ could promote mitochondrial dynamic homeostasis to improve myocardial injury. QSYQ could alleviate MI-induced ferroptosis via improving mitochondrial dynamical homeostasis and biogenesis, which provided references for its clinical application.
Transport of Viable Bacteria by Dust Plumes in the Eastern Mediterranean
Authors: Rudich Yinon , Erkorkmaz Burak Adnan , Gat Daniella
Published: March 2022

Atmospheric transport of viable microorganisms can affect the biodiversity and health of global ecosystems. However, the processes influencing the abundance, composition and viability of airborne bacterial communities remain understudied. Using qPCR and high-throughput amplicon sequencing of DNA and RNA extracted from aerosol samples representing varying dust sources in the Eastern Mediterranean in a size-resolved manner, we report comprehensive and quantitative evidence of the atmospheric transport of viable airborne bacterial communities. We found that the air masses associated with dust sources increased the diversity (by ~ 0.3–0.4 times), richness (by ~ 2.5–3.9 times) and concentration (by ~ 6–30 times) of viable airborne bacteria. Our results suggest that the composition and abundance of viable airborne bacterial communities depend on the aerosol source. We found that some of the viable taxa (2 604 of 6 143 unique ASVs) had significantly higher RNA abundance than DNA abundance. The viable taxa, most of them associated with coarse particles (961 of 1 433 ASVs), were more likely to readily survive once they settled in a new environment. We suggest that viable bacteria are transported as cell aggregates and/or attached to particles; thus, they may be protected and survive for 3–4 days under harsh atmospheric conditions. Taken together, our results indicate that the atmosphere is a significant dispersal pathway for viable bacteria.
M-acetylcholine Receptors Regulate Inflammatory Responses Through Arginases 1/2 in Zebrafish
Authors: Chen anqi , Liu Wei , He Shi-min , Zhang Ling , Lv Shi-jie , Qiu Cheng-zeng , Liu Hui-ru , Wei Mei-li , Ren Da-long
Published: March 2022

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) are widely expressed in parasympathetic effector cells and have been proved to play vital roles in synaptic transmission, smooth muscle contraction, digestive secretion. However, there are relatively few literatures revealing the roles of mAChRs in inflammatory process, and its underlying regulatory mechanisms have not been elucidated. Taking the advantages of live imaging of zebrafish, we found that inhibition of mAChRs resulted in increased neutrophils recruitment and proinflammatory cytokines expression, whereas activation of mAChRs led to opposite outcome. Subsequently, we found that mAChRs regulated the expression of arginases (args), and pharmacological intervention of args level could reverse the effects of mAChRs on neutrophils migration and cytokines expression, suggesting that args are important downstream proteins of mAChRs that mediate its regulation of inflammatory response. In this study, we identified Args as novel downstream proteins of mAChRs in the inflammatory process, provided additional evidence for peripheral immune regulation of cholinergic receptors.
Serum Unconjugated Bilirubin as a Predictor of Specific Cellular Immunity Response in Kidney Transplant Recipients after Administration of SARS-CoV-2 Inactivated Vaccine
Authors: Zhang Lei , Yang Jiaqing , Lai Changchun , Deng Min , Deng Xuanying , Wang Yan , Zhou Qiang , Liu Yichu , Li Wan , Li Pingchao , Zhu Jinhong , Fang Jiali , Hou Jingcai , Li Na , Lai Xingqiang , Ma Feifei , Li Ning , Li Guanghui , Kong Weiya , Zhang Weiting , Kang Jiale , Li Jiali , Chen Haoyu , Feng Liqiang , Chen Zheng , Chen Ling , ji tianxing
Published: March 2022

Purpose

The immunogenicity of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines is poor in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). The factors related to poor immunogenicity to vaccination in KTRs are not well defined.

Methods

An observational study was conducted in KTRs and healthy individuals who had received two doses of SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine. IgG antibodies against the receptor-binding domain found in the S1 subunit of the spike protein, and against nucleocapsid protein were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Receptor-binding domain (RBD)-angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 interaction-blocking antibodies were measured using commercial kits. T cell responses against the spike and nucleocapsid proteins were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay.

Results

No severe adverse effects were observed in KTRs after first or second dose of SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccine. IgG antibodies against the receptor- binding domain, and nucleocapsid protein were not effectively induced in a majority of KTRs after second dose of inactivated vaccine. Specific T cell immunity response was detectable in 32%-40% KTRs after second doses of inactivated vaccine. KTRs who developed specific T cell immunity were more likely to be female, and have lower levels of total bilirubin, unconjugated bilirubin, and blood tacrolimus concentration. Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that blood unconjugated bilirubin was significantly negatively associated with SARS-CoV-2 specific T cell immunity response in k KTRs.

Conclusions

Specific T cell immunity response could be induced in 32%-40% KTRs after two doses of inactivated vaccine. Blood unconjugated bilirubin was negatively associated with specific cellular immunity response in KTRs following vaccination.
3D Printed Models In Pregnancy And Its Utility In Improving Psychological Constructs: A Case Series
Authors: Coté John Joseph , Coté Brayden Patric , Badura-Brack Amy
Published: March 2022

Background: Additive manufacturing is being utilized in almost every aspect of medicine. 3D printing has especially been used in conjunction with 3D ultrasonography to assist in antenatal assessment and presurgical planning with fetal malformations. As printing capabilities improve and applications are explored there may be more advantages for all parents to visualize and touch 3D printed models of their fetus. Case Presentation: We present three cases involving 3D printed models and four different but interrelated psychological constructs- antenatal depression, antenatal anxiety, maternal-fetal attachment, and paternal-fetal attachment. Each case shows for the first time possible beneficial effects within these prevalent and significant problems.Conclusions: The degree to which the anxiety, depression, and attachment scores improved after the presentation of the 3D printed models is encouraging. Randomized controlled trials utilizing 3D printed models to improve psychological constructs should be supported considering the findings within these four cases.
Integrating Digital Elevation Model (DEM) and Geographic Information System (GIS) for Hydro-geomorphic Characterization of sub-watersheds in Geba River Basin, Tigray, Ethiopia
Authors: Godif Gebremedhin , B.R.Manjunatha
Published: March 2022

Geba River Basin, which is the site of high socio-economic importance, is affected by high water stress, frequent drought, flooding, and soil erosion. Yet, its hydro-geomorphology is not well investigated. This study focuses on characterizing the hydro-geomorphology of sub-watersheds found in the Geba River basin in terms of their topographic ruggedness, groundwater recharge potentiality, and soil erosion susceptibility. During the study, many step-wise procedures have been followed: First, the entire drainage basin was segmented into 12- sub-watersheds using the DEM as a database and GIS as a data processing environment. Second, the drainage network of each of the watersheds was generated by assigning a common threshold value. Third, geomorphic parameters that characterize the sub-watersheds were quantified using the GIS processing function and standardized mathematical equations. Forth, the compound factor value of each of the parameters was calculated using the weighted sum approach. Finally, using the calculated compound factor as an input, the sub-watersheds were ranked in terms of their topographic ruggedness, groundwater recharge potentiality, and soil erosion susceptibility. Results show that sub-watershed-5, sub-watershed-8, and sub-watershed − 9 are characterized by a steep slope and high rugged topography compared to the other sub-watersheds. Further, sub-watershed-4 and sub-watershed-6 are the most promising sites for groundwater recharge potential. Moreover, sub-watershed-1, sub-watershed-5, and sub-watershed-9 are the most susceptible to soil erosion. It is strongly believed that the output of this work helps planners and decision-makers in resource conservation measures and selection of groundwater recharge potential sites.
The Effects Of Synbiotic Supplementation On Enteral Feeding Tolerance, Protein Homeostasis And Muscle Wasting Of Critically Ill Adult Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Seifi Najmeh , Rezvani Reza , Sedaghat Alireza , Nematy Mohsen , Khadem-rezaiyan Majid , Safarian Mohammad
Published: March 2022

Background: Enteral feeding intolerance, energy-protein malnutrition, and muscle wasting are common conditions in the critical care setting. The primary aim of this study was to investigate the effect of synbiotic supplementation on enteral feed volume, energy and protein homeostasis, and muscle mass maintenance in critically ill adult patients. Methods: A consecutive of 42 patients admitted to the Edalatian Medical ICU, requiring enteral nutrition (EN) were prospectively randomized to receive the synbiotic capsule (containing a combination of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Streptococcus, and fructooligosaccharides) or placebo (21 patients in each group) for a maximum of 14 days.Results: Mean EN volume, energy, and protein intake were 962.5±533.82 ml, 770±427.05 kcal and 38.5±21.35 g (fourth day) vs. 590±321.1 ml, 472±256.81 kcal, and 23.6±12.84 g (first day) in the synbiotic group (p<0.05). Changes in the placebo group were not statistically significant. On day 1 nitrogen balance (NB) was -19.84±8.03 in the synbiotic vs. -10.99±9.12 in the placebo group (p=0.003). On day 14, NB was -14.18±13.05 in the synbiotic and -9.59±7.71 in the placebo group (p=0.41). Mid-arm circumference (MAC), 24-hour urine creatinine, and creatinine-height index were almost steady in the synbiotic group, while they decreased in the placebo group.Conclusion: Overall, it can be concluded that enteral nutrition supplemented with synbiotics may increase enteral feed volume, energy and protein intake during the first four days. It is also associated with nitrogen balance improvement and muscle mass maintenance of critically ill adult patients.Clinical Trial Registration Number: The trial protocol has been approved in Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials at 2019-03-17. The registration reference is IRCT20190227042857N1.
The edge of chaos: quantum field theory and deep neural networks
Authors: Grosvenor Kevin , Jefferson Ro
Published: March 2022

We explicitly construct the quantum field theory corresponding to a general class of deep neural networks encompassing both recurrent and feedforward architectures. We first consider the mean-field theory (MFT) obtained as the leading saddlepoint in the action, and derive the condition for criticality via the largest Lyapunov exponent. We then compute the loop corrections to the correlation function in a perturbative expansion in the ratio of depth T to width N, and find a precise analogy with the well-studied O(N) vector model, in which the variance of the weight initializations plays the role of the 't Hooft coupling. In particular, we compute both the O(1) corrections quantifying fluctuations from typicality in the ensemble of networks, and the subleading O(T/N) corrections due to finite-width effects. These provide corrections to the correlation length that controls the depth to which information can propagate through the network, and thereby sets the scale at which such networks are trainable by gradient descent. Our analysis provides a first-principles approach to the rapidly emerging NN-QFT correspondence, and opens several interesting avenues to the study of criticality in deep neural networks.
Circular Rosenzweig-Porter random matrix ensemble
Authors: Buijsman Wouter , Bar Lev Yevgeny
Published: March 2022

The Rosenzweig-Porter random matrix ensemble serves as a qualitative phenomenological model for the level statistics and fractality of eigenstates across the many-body localization transition in static systems. We propose a unitary (circular) analogue of this ensemble, which similarly captures the phenomenology of many-body localization in periodically driven (Floquet) systems. We define this ensemble as the outcome of a Dyson Brownian motion process. We show numerical evidence that this ensemble shares some key statistical properties with the Rosenzweig-Porter ensemble for both the eigenvalues and the eigenstates.
Construção e Uso de Indicadores para Práticas e Processos Agroecológicos: o caso da caracterização participativa das frutas nativas no Núcleo Luta Camponesa de Agroecologia
Authors: Silva Rodrigo Ozelame da , Perez-Cassarino Julian , Steenbock Walter
Published: March 2022

A pesquisa teve como objetivo principal analisar o processo de construção participativa e uso de indicadores para caracterização socioambiental de espécies de frutas nativas como uma referência metodológica para outros processos agroecológicos. Sua justificativa se baseia na urgência do resgate e promoção de um processo de domesticação de plantas que promova a sociobiodiversidade. O público foi composto por seis grupos de agricultores do Núcleo Luta Camponesa, localizado na região centro sul do Estado do Paraná. O método utilizou princípios da pesquisa-ação. Como resultado, destaca-se a seleção e caracterização socioambiental de sete espécies de frutas nativas prioritárias, bem como a construção dos principais limites e oportunidades para a valorização destas espécies. Além disso, a pesquisa apresenta três aprendizados fundamentais para processos e práticas agroecológicas em outros territórios: evitar a especialização e construir processos que funcionem como um continuum interdependente; valorizar a participação e o conhecimento dos agricultores envolvidos no processo via diálogo de saberes e; priorizar ações que deem materialidade a mudança do cenário a partir das condições disponíveis.
A Percepção e Comportamento Ambiental do Agricultor Familiar do Oeste do Paraná acerca do Impacto do Uso de Agrotóxicos de Origem Ilícita
Authors: Coelho Jorge Lucio dos Santos , Bertolini Geysler Rogis Flor
Published: March 2022

O presente estudo objetivou identificar a percepção e comportamento ambiental do agricultor familiar acerca do impacto do uso de agrotóxicos de origem ilícita. A pesquisa foi qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória, aplicada a 365 agricultores familiares da região oeste do Paraná. O instrumento de coleta de dados foi o modelo denominado Variável Ambiental, Percepção e Comportamento do Consumidor – VAPERCOM. Constatou-se que os agricultores familiares do Oeste do Paraná possuem grande possibilidade de se tornarem consumidores ecológicos, com alta percepção ambiental e forte preocupação acerca das etapas ACV de um produto, discrepando do perfil ecológico fraco dos agrotóxicos de origem ilícita. No entanto, questões econômicas envolvendo preços e custos, falta de conhecimento na identificação desses produtos e dos efeitos altamente prejudiciais à saúde humana, bem como ao meio ambiente, podem ser as principais causas para a sua utilização na região pesquisada.
Comunidades Que Sustentam a Agricultura (Csas): Materializando o Associativismo Sustentável e a Economia Solidária?!
Authors: Bertolaia Denilson , Queda Oriowaldo , Ribeiro Maria Lúcia
Published: March 2022

A aliança entre consumidores buscando alimentos saborosos, nutritivos e orgânicos e os agricultores familiares, desvalorizados social, econômica e culturalmente, representa um passo significativo no momento atual, pois pactuam com um organismo agrícola sustentável, denominado, no Brasil, Comunidades que Sustentam a Agricultura (CSAs). Esse modelo agrícola orgânico e natural, de circuito curto de produção, que elimina atravessadores, é alicerçado nos valores da economia solidária, da autogestão e da ajuda mútua. O presente artigo tem como objetivo avaliar a sustentabilidade das CSAs pesquisadas nas dimensões social, ambiental e econômica buscando constatar a efetividade dos princípios e dos valores da economia solidária. Como lócus da pesquisa, foram determinadas duas comunidades do Estado de São Paulo. O desenho metodológico compreendeu visitas às CSAs e a aplicação de questionários destinados aos agricultores responsáveis pelas CSAs abordando as seguintes categorias:  constituição, produção, registros e contabilidade. Foram trabalhadas pesquisas qualitativa e quantitativa como metodologias para descrever as ações dos gestores, o período e as regiões estudadas, bem como para aferir as similaridades e as diferenças numéricas das CSAs. Assim, constatou-se que essas organizações são constituídas; funcionam há mais de cinco anos; têm área superior a quatro hectares e meio; são constituídas por mais de três agricultores e de 35 coagricultores; os agricultores são assalariados; e não usam agrotóxicos. Esses resultados permitiram estabelecer parâmetros para subsidiar melhorias e aperfeiçoamentos na funcionalidade das CSAs pesquisadas por meio da apresentação de propostas para otimizar recursos e de avanços nas pesquisas acadêmicas em prol desses modelos de organismos agrícolas.
Personalization as a trend in the development of corporate reporting
Authors:   LS-Group Ltd, Kashchina Zhanna
Published: March 2022

The article deals with the problems of the financial reporting methodology associated with the discrepancy between its new forms and the information needs of stakeholders. The purpose of the study is to examine the hypothesis about the existence of an interest of economic participants in financial reporting, focused on individual information requests of specific counterparties of the reporting companies, in the form and content that new technologies can achieve. To show the current trend of individual reporting format for a specific user, the concept of personalized reporting is used. The theoretical basis for this study was the work of Russian and foreign authors devoted to the current crisis of public corporate reporting on possible options for the development of its practice, as well as studies on the degree of compliance of traditional forms of financial reporting with the level of development of new technologies. The practical basis for this study was the materials of a survey of the top management of more than 300 Russian companies, and the requests of counterparties received by these companies for providing them with personalized reporting. The methodology for conducting this research was based on the works of a number of foreign authors who have conducted similar studies in recent years. The research has confirmed the hypothesis put forward. Conclusions are drawn that the use of new integrated communications in accounting can significantly improve the quality of information provided to stakeholders. It should be stressed that, personalized reporting can be a supplement or alternative to new financial reporting. Attention is drawn the need to rethink the accepted methods of financial reporting, as well as to study the main changes in its practice.
On the poetics of mass literature (Alexander Bushkov’s dilogy A Knight from Nowhere and Flying Islands)
Authors:   Novgorod State University named after Yaroslav Mudry, Baranov Dmitrii K.
Published: March 2022

Mass literature can be analyzed not only as sociological material or as a background for firsttier literature, but also as an independent phenomenon of the aesthetic sphere. Authors of commercially successful literature create more complex texts than their less successful competitors. However, the complexity of the structure of mass works lies not in the philosophical premise, not in the motive system and other aspects of the text that are important for classical literature, but in how specific techniques aimed at keeping the reader’s attention at every moment of time become more complex. In the article, the dilogy of Alexander Bushkov is analyzed from the point of view of language, the structure of the fantastic world, from the point of view of the ways of forming relationships between the depicted world and external reality, between the main character and the reader, as well as from the point of view of the plot and some popular compositional structures. Particular attention is paid to how the illusion of “autonomy” of the depicted world is created. The proposed analysis reveals that Bushkov in his novels not only reproduces features that are generally characteristic of the so-called heroic fantasy. He finds ways to complicate traditional techniques. Thus, it is demonstrated that successful mass authors have enough freedom within the framework of the genre canon. This could not have been detected using the typological approach, which is widespread in modern literary criticism.
The Question of St. Jerome’s Translation ex Hebraica veritate: the Example of Deut. 8:15
Authors:   University of Wrocław, Krzyszczuk Łukasz , Morta Krzysztof ,   University of Wrocław
Published: March 2022

This article offers yet another opinion concerning the 18th-century controversy surrounding St. Jerome’s level of knowledge of Hebrew and his Old Testament translation from the Hebrew truth (ex Hebraica veritate). Assurances that Jerome’s Latin rendition is based directly on the Hebrew biblical books made by the monk himself and by his contemporaries are widely challenged. Jerome’s testimony is not entirely credible as he tended to confabulate and prevaricate. Having retraced this dispute about the Stridon-born scholar, the authors of this article subject verse 8:15 of the Book of Deuteronomy to a thorough analysis. It is a peculiar and important fragment for the ongoing discussion due to the appearance of the Hebrew word צִמָּאוֹן . In the Greek version (LXX), it had been translated as δίψα (“dry land”). What is crucial here is the fact that a similar form, διψάς, exists in the Greek language. It is a term used for a venomous snake. Potentially mistaking “dry land” for a “snake” in the Hebrew language is not possible. That is why in Jerome’s translation of the Bible from the Hebrew truth such an error should not have occurred. Meanwhile, we can find exactly that mistake in the scholar’s rendition. In his Latin translation Jerome introduced the dipsas snake in lieu of the Hebrew צִמָּאוֹן (“dry land”). This article aims to explain why, in this very spot, the translator departed from the Hebrew original.
The Origin of the Latin Fifth Declension
Authors:   University of Lodz, Witczak Krzysztof Tomasz
Published: March 2022

The goal of the article is to review Dariusz R. Piwowarczyk’s recent works (2016; 2017; 2017 [bis]; 2019) on the origin of the Latin fifth declension, as well as to demonstrate the correctness of the dual explanation (Witczak 2015) not discussed or even mentioned by Piwowarczyk. The author is convinced that Latin, like other Indo-European languages, once had a separate dual number which disappeared in the pre-literary period. The loss of the dual number disturbed the declension system existing at the time and caused the need for the creation of a new declension class (the fifth declension). The laryngeal phoneme *h1 formed the basic dual ending in the Indo-European languages. Proto-Indo-European animate nouns of consonant stems created a strong form in the dual number, demonstrating the ending *-eh1 (hence IE. *-ē and Latin *-ē-), whereas inanimate nouns had a weak form (PIE. *-ih1, hence Lat. -ī in vīgintī ‘twenty’ and the oblique stem *-iē-, attested in Lat. aciēs, māteriēs etc.). Proto-Latin dual forms ending in *-ē (< PIE. *-eh1) referring to animate nouns, as well as dual forms ending in *-ī (< PIE. *-ih1) referring to inanimate nouns, underwent the process of collectivization and singularization: most of them gained the status of typical singularia tantum and then formed a separate class of nouns which had -ē- as the common feature. It is finally suggested that a large group of originally dual nouns (especially the so- called dualia tantum) formed the Latin fifth declension.
The Circulation of Sciences in Europe, or Peter the Great’s ‘Greek project
Authors:   St. Petersburg State University, Pozdnev Michael M.
Published: March 2022

In his famous speech of 1714, Peter I depicts Europe as a single organism with Greece as its heart: it is from here that “the sciences,” like blood, once flowed and along the homeward path they run, having first gained a firm foothold in Russia. The18th century perceived this comparison as a real political program: the similarity was supposed to imply that the European culture should be brought back to Greece on Russian bayonets. This rendering was born with the utopian “Greek project” of Catherine II and lasted until the end of the century. Neither confirming nor contradicting it, the 19th century prefers to see in Peter’s words pride in the successes of the Russian enlightenment which was introduced during the two decades of his reformist activity. The 20th century, burdened with the baggage of literary associations, interprets this image as commonplace for baroque rhetoric, a routine metaphor for translatio studii with little or no actual political meaning. Undoubtedly authentic, transmitted by several early witnesses, the speech became part of the ‘Petrine myth,’ but, surprisingly enough, was never the subject of critical source analysis. Thus, its historical context and intended meaning remained largely obscured. A comparative study leads to the conclusion that all its renderings originated from a common literary source. The archetypal version was that of F. Chr. Weber, while the other variants are more or less remote copies containing deliberate amendments. A closer look at the relevant paragraphs of Weber’s notes reveals the true pathos of the speech. Peter’s rhetoric, prompted by his immediate concerns, boils down to an admiration for the culture of Western Europeans. The historical context clarifies what motivates the central image of the simile — Greece as the heart of European enlightenment: shortly before the episode, the tsar was treated to a Greek speech delivered by the six-year-old son of the learned Moldavian prince Dimitrie Cantemir who was one of Peter’s principal allies.
On the 130th Anniversary of M. E. Sergeenko: Doctoral Defense in Besieged Leningrad
Authors:   Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences. St. Petersburg Branch, Basargina Ekaterina Yu.
Published: March 2022

During the years of World War II, some scholars defended their doctoral and candidate theses in classical philology and ancient studies, including M. E. Grabar-Passek, F. A. Petrovsky, V. S. Sokolov, S. Ya. Lurie, N. A. Mashkin, A. V. Mishulin, and K. E. Grinevich. Nevertheless, the doctoral defenses of I. M. Tronsky and M. E. Sergeenko in the besieged Leningrad are extraordinary events. Unlike Tronsky, about whose defense little is known, some pieces of information about the doctoral defense of M. E. Sergeenko have been preserved thanks to recently revealed documents in the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg Branch. A relatively large piece of M. E. Sergeenko’s doctoral dissertation preserved in the archive and abstract to it provide an idea of the content, scope and structure of her work. It has been determined that the chapter “Fruit Farming in Ancient Italy,” the only one preserved in the typescript of the dissertation, is identical to the essay “Gardening” in Sergeenko’s book Essays on Agriculture in Ancient Italy (1958). The analysis of the thesis’ abstract and the reviews of the opponents allows us to conclude that other chapters, not preserved, of the dissertation were also included in this book. Based on the data collected in the archival “dissertation” file of Sergeenko it is possible to reconstruct the procedure of the doctoral debate, clarify some facts of her biography and determine the date of her defense (June 10, 1942). The opponents of the thesis were I. I. Tolstoy, S. I. Kovalev and A. P. Ilyinsky; the reviews of the first two opponents are published in this article. In 1943, the Higher Attestation Commission of the All-Union Committee for Higher School Affairs awarded M. E. Sergeenko the degree of Doctor in Philology.
The style of Serbian media (2010–2020) — the language of the crisis
Authors:   University of Belgrade, Stanojević Dobrivoje Ž. , Mirkov Lidija Ž. ,   University of Belgrade
Published: March 2022

The societal crisis’ influence on the crisis of the language in contemporary Serbian journalism is prevailing. Words have been increasingly framed into inappropriate content. Homonyms are gradually becoming the only way to debate and give second opinions. Globalizing vocabulary with fashionable phraseology, manipulative rhetoric and the artificial realignment of language serve as the basis of rhetorical and stylistic research presented in this work. Casual populist political speeches and sensationalistic topics in Serbia are in the centre of events, even though they are easily forgotten. An apparent lack of creativity in language results in the glorification of a globalizing rhetorical model. This leads to a sort of recycling of language patterns and a pathetic usage of metaphors in everyday life, hence the apparent emergence of a new kind of sensationalism. Different linguistic matrices obsessively repeat themselves in the same rhetorical frame. Therefore, the language of journalists is increasingly reduced to the form and the form is reduced to the void. In this article, the analysis of the contemporary use of stylistic knowledge by media professionals will be conducted within a sample of one year of broadcasts during 2019–2020, prior to the pandemic. The authors explain the methodology of the research by describing the theoretical approach and the methods used to substantiate the hypothesis. The research aims to show the gradual change of media language during the current professional, economic and moral crises. A vast majority of media have a common inherited loss of truly free expression. Instead of free relations, a plethora of excessive self-censorship and hidden advocacies and connections is being extended. This appears to be a certain eternity or bad infinity of the shadows in the media.
RUSSIAN CITIZENS’ PERCEPTION OF IDEAL POLITICIANS: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE IMAGES
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Rogach Nikolay
Published: March 2022

The article presents the results of a study of the images of ideal political leaders playing different roles, carried out by the Departmetn of Sociology and Political Psychology, Faculty of Politics, Moscow State University, in 2019-2021. In the theoretical section, the author examines the representations of the ideal political leader in the context of the theory of political perception. In the empirical section, the author describes images of the ideal president, governor, and deputy of the State Duma. A comparative analysis of three types of images is carried out according to the degree of expression of personal and professional qualities, as well as their content. The images of ideal politicians have unique role characteristics as well as a set of universal qualities. Russians are primarily concerned about personal qualities of politicians, among which moral characteristics take first place and psychological qualities take second place. Respondents expect politicians to be professionals. People are interested least of all in leaders’ appearances. The main source of images of ideal politicians’ are traditions of Russian political culture and the situational context of political perception. Ideal images are influenced by perceptions of real politicians. Results can be used for advising electoral campaigns.
Beyond its Psychiatric Use: The Benefits of Low-dose Lithium Supplementation
Authors: Hamstra Sophie I. , Roy Brian D. , Tiidus Peter , MacNeil Adam J. , Klentrou Panagiota , MacPherson Rebecca E.K. , Fajardo Val A.
Published: March 2022

Lithium is most well-known for its mood-stabilizing effects in the treatment of bipolar
disorder. Due to its narrow therapeutic window (0.5-1.2 mM serum concentration), there is a stigma
associated with lithium treatment and the adverse effects that can occur at therapeutic doses. However,
several studies have indicated that doses of lithium under the predetermined therapeutic dose
used in bipolar disorder treatment may have beneficial effects not only in the brain but across the
body. Currently, literature shows that low-dose lithium (≤0.5 mM) may be beneficial for cardiovascular,
musculoskeletal, metabolic, and cognitive function, as well as inflammatory and antioxidant
processes of the aging body. There is also some evidence of low-dose lithium exerting a similar and
sometimes synergistic effect on these systems. This review summarizes these findings with a focus
on low-dose lithium’s potential benefits on the aging process and age-related diseases of these systems,
such as cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, sarcopenia, obesity and type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer’s
disease, and the chronic low-grade inflammatory state known as inflammaging. Although
lithium’s actions have been widely studied in the brain, the study of the potential benefits of lithium,
particularly at a low dose, is still relatively novel. Therefore, this review aims to provide possible
mechanistic insights for future research in this field.
A Possible Causal Involvement of Neuroinflammatory, Purinergic P2X7 Receptors in Psychiatric Disorders
Authors: Tang Yong , Illes Peter , Zhang Ying , Yin Hai-Yan , Rubini Patrizia
Published: March 2022

P2X7 receptors (Rs) are prominent members of the P2XR family, which after binding ATP, open non-selective cationic channels, thereby allowing the transmembrane passage of Na+, Ca2+, and K+. Long-lasting and repetitive stimulation of the receptor by its agonist leads to the formation of large membrane pores permeable for organic cations of up to 900 Da molecular size. These pores are believed to play a role in apoptosis and inflammation. P2X7Rs are located primarily at peripheral macrophages and microglial cells, the resident macrophages of the CNS. The coactivation of toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4) by lipopolysaccharide, a constituent of the cell membrane of gram-negative bacteria, and the P2X7R by ATP leads to the generation and release of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α. Together with the microglial release of chemokines, reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, proteases, and excitotoxic glutamate, these cytokines result in neurodegeneration. P2X7Rs were found not only to amplify various neurodegenerative illnesses, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis, but also to participate in a range of psychiatric diseases, such as major depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and an autism spectrum disorder. Based on the prevention/reversal of neuroinflammation, pharmacological antagonists of P2X7Rs and their genetic deletion in animal experiments counteract these deleterious psychiatric conditions. Hence, brain penetrant P2X7R antagonists are potential therapeutics for psychiatric diseases, although the available evidence still needs to be extended and validated by further clinical data.
Regulatory Effect of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and/ or
Acitretin on Adam10 Gene in Alzheimer's Disease Rat Model
Authors: Abu Nasra Noha O. , Elzayat Emad M. , Dawood Kamal M. , Hagag Naglaa M. , Yehya Manal M. , Hosney Mohamed
Published: March 2022

Background:

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized
by progressive cognitive deterioration. All recent therapeutic strategies tend to inhibit the generation
of the Aβ peptide. These approaches tend to mediate both α- and γ-secretases to undergo the nonamyloidogenic
pathway. ADAM10 is the main α-secretase that cleaves APP, and it is regulated by the
metabolic product of vitamin A (retinoic acid), which is being widely used recently in AD research as a
target for treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are also used recently as a promising regenerative
therapy for AD.

Objectives:

The present study aimed to: (1) study the effect of MSCs with/without acitretin on the regulation
of Adam10 gene expression in AlCl3-induced AD rat model, and (2) validate the hypothesis that AD
is a time-dependent progressive disease that spreads spontaneously even after the stopping of exposure to
AlCl3.

Methods:

The experimental work has been designed to include three successive phases; AlCl3 induction
phase (I), AlCl3 withdrawal phase (W), and therapeutic phase (T). Forty-five male albino Wistar rats were
randomly divided into 2 main groups: the control (C) group (15 rats) and AD group (30 rats). The therapeutic
potential of MSCs with/without acitretin has been evaluated at behavioral, physiological, molecular,
and histopathological levels.

Results:

Among the three therapeutic groups, combined administration of both MSC and acitretin showed
the best compensatory effects on most of the measured parameters.

Conclusion:

The present study approved that AD is a time-dependent progressive disease which spreads
spontaneously without more AlCl3 exposure.