bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Writing Anxiety and the Use of Subordinate Clauses in the Written Compositions of Jordanian EFL Undergraduate Students
Authors: Haddad Maram Teimeh Atallah
Published: March 2018

The present study aimed to explore the correlation between writing anxiety and the an aspect of the grammatical complexity of Jordanian EFL students’ written compositions, i.e. the use of subordinate clauses. Eighty seven students, who were purposefully chosen from among the freshmen and senior students at Al-Balqa Applied University participated in the study. Writing Anxiety Inventory (WAI) was used in order to collect the data during the first semester of the academic year 2017/ 2018. The findings of the study showed statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the freshmen and senior students in both the levels of writing anxiety and the number of subordinate clauses used in written compositions, in favor of the group of senior students. In addition, a significant correlation was found between the level of writing anxiety and the grammatical complexity of the written compositions of the participants of the study, as reflected in their use of subordinate clauses. Pedagogical implications and suggestions for further research are presented.
Critical Discourse Analysis of News Reports— Based on the Guardian News Report of China’s Military Parade to Mark the 70 Years of Second World War
Authors: Tian Xinling
Published: March 2018

Critical Discourse Analysis (abbreviated as CDA below), was firstly introduced by an English linguist, Norman Fairclough in the late 1980s. And CDA mainly focuses on public and non-literature discourse and it mainly applies Halliday’s Systematic Functional Grammar (abbreviated as SFG below). Since China announced the decision of holding a military parade to celebrate the 70’s anniversary of WWII victory, massive negative voices among the international society have been crowding in on China. Therefore, the present study was prompted to focus on the news report of China’s military parade to celebrate the victory of WWII from the Guardian, and use Fairclough’s Three-Dimensional Model of CDA as theoretical framework and apply Halliday’s SFG as analytic tools to study two questions: How does the reporter insert his ideology in the news text of the Guardian news report on China’s Military Parade to Mark the 70 Years of Second World War? What kinds of the social and historical ideologies bear in and account for the news? Through the analysis, it finds that Guardian’s reports overemphasize and over interpret the negative influences of parade.
Acurácia na Previsão de Lucros e os Estágios do Ciclo de Vida Organizacional: Evidências no Mercado Brasileiro de Capitais
Authors: Oliveira Alan Santos de , Girão Luiz Felipe de Araújo Pontes
Published: March 2018

Objetivo: Este estudo teve por objetivo investigar o efeito do ciclo de vida organizacional na acurácia das previsões dos analistas no mercado de capitais brasileiro, pressupondo que os desafios para as projeções dos analistas financeiros podem variar ao longo da evolução das empresas.

Método: A amostra foi composta por 713 empresas ano, no período de 2008 a 2014. De posse dessas informações, foram mensurados os Erros de Previsão Absolutos, como métrica de acurácia das previsões dos lucros, bem como utilizou-se o modelo de Dickinson (2011) para mensuração dos estágios do ciclo de vida das empresas. Quanto aos métodos de análise, utilizaram-se modelos de regressões lineares e regressões quantílicas e de testes de sensibilidade.

Resultados: Os resultados revelaram que as projeções dos lucros dos analistas são afetadas para as empresas em estágio de nascimento e declínio, de forma mais problemática, mesmo controlando por vários fatores comuns da literatura sobre erro de previsão de analistas. Um controle adicional para dificuldades financeiras foi inserido, porém os resultados se mantiveram qualitativamente semelhantes. Quanto ao otimismo e o pessimismo nas previsões, os resultados apontaram que, dependendo do estágio do ciclo de vida, o viés de otimismo ou pessimismo pode ser aumentado ou diminuído, de modo especial; o estágio de declínio levou a projeções com diminuição de viés ao comparar com os outros estágios não maduros, mesmo com os controles previamente mencionados.

Contribuições: O estudo pode contribuir com a literatura ao evidenciar que fatores ambientais tendem a ser determinantes na acurácia da previsão dos lucros.
Influência de Fatores Contingenciais no Desempenho Acadêmico de Discentes do Curso de Ciências Contábeis
Authors: Amaro Hugo Dias , Beuren Ilse Maria
Published: March 2018

Objetivo: Este estudo objetiva averiguar a influência de fatores contingenciais no desempenho acadêmico de discentes do curso de Ciências Contábeis de uma Instituição Federal de Educação Superior (Ifes).

Método: Esta pesquisa descritiva de abordagem quantitativa do problema foi realizada por meio de um levantamento junto aos discentes de uma Ifes do sul do Brasil, com uma amostra de 295 respondentes.

Resultados: Os resultados do teste KrusKal-Wallis apontam que dos fatores contingenciais externos pesquisados, nível de instrução do pai, horas de estudo semanal extraclasse e experiência profissional mostraram-se influenciadores do desempenho acadêmico. Em relação ao ambiente institucional da Ifes pesquisada, as variáveis latentes ambiente interno, sistema técnico e estratégia do Projeto Pedagógico do curso indicaram influenciar positivamente o desempenho acadêmico. Já as variáveis latentes estrutura e estratégia do corpo docente não apresentaram relação estatisticamente significativa. Esses resultados provocaram inquietações e são um alento para testar a validade dos construtos em outros ambientes institucionais.

Conclusões: Conclui-se que, dos fatores externos, as variáveis nível de instrução do pai, horas de estudo semanal extra classe e experiência profissional influenciaram o desempenho acadêmico, enquanto que do ambiente institucional, os construtos ambiente interno, sistema técnico e estratégia do Projeto Pedagógico do Curso mostraram-se influenciadores do desempenho acadêmico dos discentes da Ifes investigada.
Inflação Interna, Gestão e Controle de Custos: uma Experiência de Sucesso em uma Multinacional Brasileira
Authors: Jordão Ricardo Vinícius Dias , Barbosa Cleonice Rodrigues , Resende Paulo Tarso
Published: March 2018

Objetivo: Analisar as contribuições do dimensionamento da inflação interna para estratégias de gestão e controle de custos e formação de preços em uma corporação multinacional (MNC).

Metodologia: Consistiu no desenvolvimento de uma abordagem específica para o cálculo do índice de preços próprios (IPP), alicerçada em um estudo de caso quantitativo e qualitativo de abordagem descritiva em uma MNC de classe mundial.

Resultados: Baseado nas teorias de estratégia e controle gerencial foi possível concluir que (i) a MNC obteve benefícios em usar uma metodologia específica ao invés de índices de inflação tradicionais do mercado; e que (ii) o IPP foi uma ferramenta de controle e contabilidade gerencial capaz de instrumentalizar a empresa, diferenciando-a nas negociações de preço em sua respectiva cadeia produtiva. Em conjunto, percebeu-se o (iii) quão importante é a utilização efetiva do IPP para a empresa conhecer profundamente seus custos, contabilizá-los, controlá-los e geri-los adequadamente, estabelecendo uma política de preços condizente com os seus objetivos estratégicos.

Contribuições: Além da originalidade da pesquisa, advinda da carência de estudos sobre inflação interna no contexto de indústrias MNCs, o estudo amplia o corpo teórico sobre o tema, evidenciando também o papel do IPP como ferramenta de gestão e controle de custos e formação de preços em MNCs – questão que interessa a grande parte das empresas, estudiosos e sociedade, em função da relevância desse tipo de empresas para a economia e o mercado.
Audit Assertions e a Modificação de Opinião dos Auditores no Mercado Brasileiro
Authors: Silva Thayanne Costa da , Dantas José Alves
Published: March 2018

Objetivo: Investigar a utilização das audit assertions para justificar as modificações de opinião nos relatórios brasileiros de auditoria.

Método: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo realizado por meio de análise de conteúdo, em que foram analisados 2.243 relatórios de 338 companhias de capital aberto não financeiras listadas na BM&FBOVESPA, de 2009 a 2015, sendo identificados 192 relatórios de auditoria com opinião modificada. Foi investigado se há prevalência de alguma assertion nas modificações de opinião e se é possível associar cada uma delas a determinados grupos contábeis patrimoniais e de resultado.

Resultados: As audit assertions Avaliação e Integridade são as mais utilizadas para justificar modificações de opinião. Quanto à associação entre as audit assertions e os grupos contábeis, foi constatado que as categorias de Existência/Ocorrência são geralmente associadas a contas de ativos e receitas, enquanto as de Integridade são relacionadas a passivos e despesas. Destacou-se o número relevante de justificativas baseadas em aspectos de continuidade operacional.

Contribuições: Este estudo contribui para o desenvolvimento da literatura nacional sobre auditoria e para a reflexão acerca da qualidade do trabalho de auditoria, principalmente por apresentar evidências sobre como e em que dimensão os auditores brasileiros utilizam as audit assertions para justificar a modificação de opinião sobre as demonstrações financeiras.
Predictive model of socio-psychological factors of building confidence in the organization
Authors: Pochebut L.G. , Gurieva S.D. , Chiker V.A.
Published: March 2018

The article presents the predictive model of socio-psychological factors of building confidence in the organization. In science still hasn’t determined the system factors of strengthening and maintaining trust. The article gives the classification of the basic conceptual approaches to the study of confidence in modern psychology: the psychological, socio-psychological, informational, subject-object. The main hypothesis is that the confidence of employees in the organization with balance the use of personas tactics interpersonal behavior. The study involved 149 people (40.5% of mane’s and 59. 5% women’s) aged from 25 to 45 years old, the staff of commercial organizations in St. Petersburg. Conducted testing and role playing game was obtained regression model predicting the confidence in the firm, identified the socio-psychological factors to enhance it (personal and group peculiarities, specific organizational culture), as the specific tactics achieve trust. The main conclusion is that establishing trust between people, based on their personal qualities, organizational culture and use of special tactics in business collaboration.
The contribution of the individual to the group’s social capital: the structure of altruistic investment
Authors: Mararitsa L.V. , Kazantseva T.V. , Pochebut L.G. , Sventsitskiy A.L.
Published: March 2018

The article sets theoretical ground for the content and structure of the “altruistic investment” networking strategy as one of the strategies of individual social behavior. Altruistic investment is based, firstly, on the value of a benevolent attitude toward all people; secondly, the desire of the individual to improve the “social situation” for all its participants and thirdly, it involves conscious action for the sake of the common good, namely, investing resources in maintaining positive group norms and protecting justice. The study used the modified social dilemmas, “Public good dilemma” and “Dictator game under third-party punishment”. Using structural modeling in a sample of 362 people, it was found that the empirical data correspond to the a priori model of altruistic investment in the group’s social capital. The structure of the networking strategy of the individual contains the value, motivational and be havioral components. The role of altruistic investment in the formation of the social capital of the group is shown.
Career aspirations of undergraduates studying at some strategic occupational programs
Authors: Volkova N.V. , Chiker V.A.
Published: March 2018

This paper aims to classify career aspirations by identifying career anchors and self-monitoring for a second-year undergraduates studying at two top of range universities in St. Petersburg. The participants major in strategical professions. The study involved 202 people from the following bachelor programs: «Logistics and Supply chain management» (n=98), «Sociology» (n=92) and «Human Resource Management» (n=22). The findings illustrate that peculiarities of undergraduates’ career aspirations are possible to estimate using career anchors developed by Schein and level of self-monitoring developed by Snyder which are varied for students studying at different educational programs. The results also indicate the significant differences of career aspirations between young girls and young men at each bachelor’s program. The male groups, having the same level of self-monitoring with female ones, demonstrate some differences in career anchors.
The Influence of Stress Factors on the Effectiveness of Passing the Assessment by Employees with Different Levels of Creativity
Authors: Khachaturova M.R. , Fedorova A.A.
Published: March 2018

The skills of non-standard thinking and creativity play an important role in stressful situations. We hypothesized that stress factors influence the effectiveness of passing the assessment by employees: high level of creativity increases the effectiveness of task execution. We conducted the experiment and used J. Guilford’s technique and tasks on creativity thinking, created by T. Lubart and G. Altshuller. The sample consisted of 200 examinees (92 females and 108 males), employees of different organizations (age — from 23 to 60). The results show that time limitation as a stressful factor decreases the effectiveness of passing the assessment by employees with both low and high levels of creativity (p≤0,01). Work in a pair does not influence the effectiveness of passing the assessment regardless of the level of creativity (p≥0,05). Multitasking is stressful for employees with a low level of creativity (p≤0,01). The results of our research can be taken as principles of psychological trainings for development of employees’ stress-resistance.
Features of brand perception by people with different strategies of consumer behavior
Authors: Antonova N.V. , Patosha O.I.
Published: March 2018

The article describes the results of the research of perception of the domestic and foreign clothing brands by Russian consumers with various strategies of consumer behavior. The study involved 169 people of various ages (m = 24.5 years). Methods of research: a) the method of semantic differential for the analysis of the image of the brand, developed by F.N. Vinokurov; b) an adapted methodology for researching consumer behavior strategies. Based on the obtained results, it is concluded that there are specific features of perception of domestic and foreign brands by Russian consumers with different consumer behavior strategies: 1) the image of the Russian brand is more complicated, includes 5 factors, while the image of the foreign brand includes 3 factors; 2) 8 basic and three generalized strategies of consumer behavior of Russians are singled out, and the content of strategies differs from the content of strategies of foreign consumers; 3) the peculiarities of brand perception in people with different consumer behavior strategies are highlighted, and it is found that the perception of foreign brands is more closely connected with the strategies of consumer behavior than the perception of domestic brands; 4) brand image (primarily such parameters as “reliability” and “positivity” of the brand) is more significant for rational and impulsive consumers and to a lesser extent for brand-dependent ones. The obtained results can be used in the construction of brand communication, as well as a basis for further research of the mechanisms of perception of brands as objects of social cognition.
TEORIAS NÃO-REPRESENTACIONAIS NA GEOGRAFIA II: MÉTODOS PARA UMA GEOGRAFIA DO QUE ACONTECE
Authors: Paiva Daniel
Published: March 2018

Na sequência de um texto anterior sobre os principais contributos teóricos das teorias não-representacionais na geografia, o objetivo deste artigo é discutir as implicações metodológicas desta nova perspetiva teórica, e os métodos que têm sido reinventados para alcançar os seus propósitos. Neste artigo, começarei por apresentar o conceito de pensamento em ação que fundamenta as metodologias não-representacionais. De seguida, apresentarei as principais inovações e experimentações ao nível do método. Concluirei o texto com uma breve discussão, na qual se refere as principais contribuições das teorias não-representacionais para a geografia cultural contemporânea, bem como as principais críticas que se podem apontar aos estudos existentes neste âmbito.
Comparison of non-absorbable (polypropylene) versus delayed absorbable (polydioxanone) suture material for abdominal wound closure after laparotomy
Authors: Pai Deepti , Shenoy Rajgopal , K. Chethan
Published: March 2018

Background: Type of suture material used for fascial closure in laparotomies influences the incidence of post-operative complications. Currently there is no consensus on the superiority of either absorbable or non-absorbable suture materials for abdominal fascial closure. Aim of this study was to determine the superior suture material for abdominal wall closure after elective laparotomy among polypropylene and polydioxanone based on the occurrence of specific post-operative complications.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted at Kasturba hospital, Manipal from September 2014 to August 2016. Patients admitted under General surgery, who underwent midline laparotomy were included in the study. Polydioxanone and Polypropylene suture materials were used for mass closure and post-operative complications were compared.Results: Hundred patients were included. The two study groups (Prolene and Polydioxanone) were homogenous, with no significant difference between age, BMI, co-morbidities and indication for surgery. Surgical site infection was significantly more in prolene group (p=0.031). Duration of surgeries was longer in prolene group (p=0.020), hence, a subgroup analysis was done and only surgeries under 4-hour duration were analysed. It showed no difference between the two groups with respect to surgical site infection (p=0.320). There was no significant difference between the two groups in burst abdomen and incisional hernia.Conclusions: There was no significant difference between Prolene and Polydioxanone when early and late post-operative complications were compared. Hence, either of the two suture materials can be used for abdominal wound closure in elective midline laparotomies.
Community preference on scenario management of Baturraden Botanical Garden in Central Java
Authors: Mandiriati Herawikan , Marsono Djoko , Poedjirahajoe Erny , Sadono Ronggo
Published: March 2018

Botanical garden as a preservation area has an important role supporting the plant conservation efforts. It is the best source of information to study about plant distribution and its habitat attributes. Botanical garden can also provide environmental education for the community. Indonesia has a big number of botanical gardens, one of them is Baturraden Botanical Garden, located in Central Java. It is the largest botanical garden in Java Island with its area reaches 143.5 hectares. Currently, Baturraden Botanical Garden management has a serious problem about the high dependence of community in its area. Therefore, it is important to formulate the scenario management that can integrate between the community desires and its direction management. This study aimed to identify the community preference on scenario management of Baturraden Botanical Garden. Data collection was conducted by the questionnaire method using accidental sampling technique. The number of respondents was about 109 people older than 15 years old. This criterion was decided with the assumption that the respondent who had the range of age, having good knowledge about the function of Baturraden Botanical Garden as preservation area. Data analysis was done using Analytical Hirarycal Process. This method was selected because it was capable to describe the normative preference by the number. The result showed that the community preference on scenario management of Baturraden Botanical Garden based on the scale of priority is ecotourism development (0.269); optimization of water resource (0.232); intensification of plant conservation (0.197); environmental education (0.189); and intensive research (0.175).
Системный взгляд на синергию: определение, типология и источники синергического эффекта
Authors: Касьяненко Татьяна Геннадьевна
Published: March 2018

Статья продолжает серию работ автора, связанных с развитием теории синергии в направлении ее адаптации к целям и задачам, которые ставит современная экономика, основной характерной чертой которой является наличие процессов глобализации и интеграции. На основе введенных автором новых и системных определений понятий «синергия» и «синергический эффект», предложена авторская классификация видов синергии по ряду признаков, в рамках которой положено начало системному изучению источников положительного синергического эффекта различных видов синергии. Этот этап исследования, по мнению автора, необходим для последующих разработок, касающихся стоимостной оценки эффекта синергии в широком контексте (то есть не связанных только лишь со сферой сделок слияний и присоединений).
Необходимость бюджетного финансирования в совместных государственно-частных проектах промышленного и транспортного развития
Authors: Макаров Иван Николаевич , Евсин Максим Юрьевич , Колесников Виктор Викторович , Спесивцев Валерий Анатольевич
Published: March 2018

Данная работа посвящена проблематике организации и финансирования крупных промышленных и транспортных проектов. Основное внимание уделено необходимости бюджетных вложений на первоначальных этапах разработки и реализации проектов, как основе их развития и последующего привлечения частных инвестиций.
Единая система тарифных преференций Евразийского экономического союза: особенности функционирования и направления развития
Authors: Дробот Елена Валерьевна
Published: March 2018

В статье изложены результаты исследования особенностей модернизации Единой системы тарифных преференций Евразийского экономического союза, в том числе в рамках вновь заключаемых соглашений о зонах свободной торговли. Проведенное исследование позволяет выделить ряд основных проблем, в частности сложность в отслеживании соблюдения правил определения страны происхождения товаров и подлинности сертификатов, подтверждающих такую страну, негативное влияние на доходную часть бюджета государств-членов Евразийского экономического союза (ЕАЭС) предоставления преференций странам-бенефициарам Единой системы тарифных преференций ЕАЭС (ЕСТП ЕАЭС), чей уровень доходов превосходит российский, отсутствие общности в системе предоставления преференциального режима в рамках соглашения о свободной торговле с Республикой Сербия. Совершенствование Единой системы тарифных преференций ЕАЭС имеет смысл в следующих направлениях: создание единой электронной системы сертификации товаров, сокращение списка развивающихся стран-пользователей ЕСТП ЕАЭС, подписание соглашения о свободной торговле с Сербией всеми членами ЕАЭС.
Приоритетные направления развития малого бизнеса и предпринимательства в Узбекистане
Authors: Арипов Ойбек Абдуллаевич
Published: March 2018

В Узбекистане ускоренно развивается малый бизнес и частное предпринимательство. Для отечественных предпринимателей и инвесторов создан ряд благоприятных правовых и экономических условий. В данном периоде в национальной экономике продолжается процесс либерализации и это положительно влияет на рост экономических показателей. Успешное экономическое развитие создает предпосылки для укрепления благосостояния населения. Меры по дальнейшему совершенствованию и улучшению бизнес-среды и развитию малого бизнеса и предпринимательства продолжаются. В статье представлены результаты анализа состояния и перспектив развития малого бизнеса и частного предпринимательства. Также проанализированы приоритетные направления дальнейшего развития частного сектора.
Механизм формирования предельно допустимых цен на социально значимые продовольственные товары
Authors: Иванов Геннадий Геннадьевич , Хайруллина Марина Валентиновна , Ефимовская Лидия Афанасьевна , Матосян Владимир Арменович
Published: March 2018

В статье рассматриваются основные методы государственного регулирования ценообразования. Предлагается методический инструментарий формирования предельно допустимых розничных цен на социально значимые продовольственные товары, использование которого позволит органам государственной власти и местного самоуправления более обоснованно и эффективно осуществлять регулирование социально-экономической ситуации на потребительском рынке.
Эволюция системы контрольно-надзорных мероприятий в торговле
Authors: Куренкова Виктория Петровна
Published: March 2018

Представлен материал, касающийся основных проблем развития системы контрольно-надзорных мероприятий в торговле в настоящее время. Рассматриваются вопросы эволюции системы контрольно-надзорных мероприятий как метода государственного регулирования торговой деятельности за период экономических преобразований в России. Определены факторы, влияющие на применение методов государственного регулирования в торговле. Обосновывается необходимость наличия отраслевой системы контроля для торговых предприятий с учетом их высокой социальной значимости.
Real-Time Environmental Gamma Radiation Dose Rate Measurement around Major Nuclear and Radiological Facilities in Bangladesh
Authors: Moontaha Sidratul , Rahman Dr. Mohammad Sohelur , Islam Dr. Md. Shafiqul , Yeasmin Selina
Published: March 2018

Background: In this study, outdoor environmental gamma radiation dose rates were measured at area of Shahbag Thana under Dhaka city and Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE) Campus at Savar. Aim of the study: This kind of study is required to detect the presence of natural and artificial radionuclides (if any) releasing from nuclear and radiological facilities in the country or from neighbouring countries. Materials and Methods: The measurement was performed using a real-time portable radiation monitoring device from August-November 2017. The real-time portable radiation monitoring device was placed on tripod at 1 meter above the ground and data acquisition time for each monitoring point (MP) was 1 hour. Total 34 MP were selected around major nuclear and radiological facilities in Bangladesh for collection of dose rate due to gamma-ray. The MPs were marked-out using Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation. The GPS reading of the sampling locations were varied from E90º23'40.08" to E90º24'32.82" and from N23º44'58.62" to N23º43'26.58" for Shahbag Thana and from E90º16'26.58" to E90º16'50.52" and from N23º57'12.96" to N23º57'6.12" for AERE Campus, Savar. Results: The measured dose rates due to natural radionuclides were ranged from 0.105 ± 0.036056 μSv.h-1 to 0.208065 ± 0.106377μSv.h-1 with an average of 0.141568 ± 0.046995 μSv.h-1. The annual effective dose to the population from outdoor environmental gamma radiation was varied from 0.128772 ± 0.044218 mSv to 0.25517 ± 0.130461 mSv and the mean was found to be 0.17362± 0.057635 mSv. This value is lower than some countries like India, China, Sweden, Italy and Czech Republic; and higher than Canada, Mexico, Indonesia, Korea, Turkey, Finland, Spain and some other countries. Conclusion: From this study, it was observed that there is no burden of population exposure due to man-made sources. Therefore, it can be concluded that adequate safety and radiation protection of nuclear & radiological facilities had been ensured which is required for minimizing of unnecessary exposure to populations from man-made sources. The estimated mean annual effective dose found in this study is not expected to contribute significant additional hazard from the radiological health point of view.
Evaluasi Kesesuaian Lingkungan Berdasarkan Penampilan Produksi Empat Bangsa Sapi pada Ketinggian Berbeda di Provinsi Lampung
Authors: Suretno Nandari Dyah , Purwanto Bagus Priyo , Priyanto Rudy , Supriyatna Iman
Published: March 2018

Each cattle breed can grow optimally at suitable environmental condition. bali cattle has better thermoregulation ability in incompaing with ongole crossbreed cattle in lowland. Simental or limousin cattle is from temperate zone with cold temperature area and intensive breeding management. Based on those considerations, this research aimed was to investigate the production performance of bali cattle, ongole crossbreed, limousine crossbreed and simental crossbreed cattle at different altitudes and seasons in Lampung Province. Research used adult female cattle consisting of 82 bali cattle, 138 ongole crossbreed cattle, 54 limousin crossbreed cattle and 32 simental crossbreed cattle. The observed variables as production response were body height, chest size and Body Condition Score (BCS). Data was then analyzed using Randomized Complete Design. Based on body size (height and chest circumference) and BCS, it can be concluded that the Bali cattle suitable to be developed in the lowlands, ongole crossbreed cows in the highlands, limousine crossbreed in the lowlands and simmental crossbreed suitable to be developed in both the lowlands and highlands.

ABSTRAK

Sapi bali mempunyai kemampuan termoregulasi yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan sapi peranakan ongole di dataran rendah. Sapi simental atau limousin terbiasa hidup di daerah dengan suhu udara yang dingin dan tatalaksana pemeliharaan intensif. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kemampuan produksi sapi bali, sapi peranakan ongole, sapi peranakan limousin, dan peranakan simental pada beberapa ketinggian tempat dan musim yang berbeda di Provinsi Lampung. Materi yang digunakan adalah sapi betina dewasa: yaitu sapi bali 82 ekor, sapi peranakan ongole 138 ekor, sapi peranakan limousin 54 ekor, dan sapi peranakan simental 32 ekor. Peubah yang diamati untuk respons produksi adalah tinggi badan, lingkar dada, dan Body Condition Score (BCS). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan ukuran tubuh (tinggi dan lingkar dada) serta BCS, sapi bali cocok dikembangkan di dataran rendah. Sapi PO mempunyai ukuran tubuh sama pada ketiga ketinggian tempat namun BCS terbaiknya di dataran tinggi. Sapi peranakan limousin ternyata penampilan produksi terbaiknya baik musim hujan maupun musim kemarau di dataran rendah. Sementara sapi peranakan simental cocok dikembangkan di dataran rendah dan dataran tinggi.
Carbon Sequestration and Soil Restoration Potential of Grazing Lands under Exclosure Management in a Semi-Arid Environment of Northern Ethiopia
Authors: Gebregergs Tsegay , Tessema Zewdu K. , Solomon Negasi , Birhane Emiru
Published: March 2018

Exclosures are used to regenerate native vegetation as a way to reduce soil erosion, increase rain water inﬁltration and provide fodder and woody biomass in degraded grazing lands. Therefore, this study assessed the impact of grazing exclosure on vegetation biomass, carbon sequestration and soil nutrients under five and ten years of grazing exclosures and freely grazed areas in Tigray, northern Ethiopia. Vegetation biomass, carbon stocks and soil nutrients increased with increasing grazing exclusion. However, open grazing lands and five years of grazing exclosure did not differ in aboveground biomass, above-and-belowground carbon stocks. Moreover, ten years of grazing exclosure had a higher (P<0.01) grass, herb and litter carbon stocks compared to five years exclosure and open grazing lands. The total carbon stock was higher for ten years exclosure (193.3 t C ha-1) than the five years exclosure (154.0 t C ha-1) and in open grazing areas (146.6 t C ha-1). Grazing lands closed for ten years had a higher SOC, organic matter, total N, available P, and exchangeable K+ and Na+ compared to five year’s exclosure and open grazing lands. Therefore, establishment of grazing exclosures had a positive effect in restoring degraded grazing lands, thus improving vegetation biomass, carbon sequestration potentials and soil nutrients under the changing climate and global warming.
JUDICIALIZAÇÃO DA EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA: UMA ANÁLISE NO CONTEXTO DO ESTADO DE GOIÁS
Authors: Amaral Claudia Tavares do , Bernardes Maria Francisca Rita
Published: March 2018

Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar o movimento de judicialização da educação inclusiva no âmbito da educação básica em Goiás. Buscou-se analisar como o Judiciário Goiano tem lidado com as questões da Educação Básica com viés inclusivo quando demandados a proferir decisões nesse domínio. A presente pesquisa utilizou autores como Cury e Ferreira (2010), Cruz (2009) e Mendes (2006, 2010), além das normas jurídicas e o corpus documental que se constituiu do contencioso jurídico referente à educação inclusiva no ensino básico existente no TRF1 (Tribunal Regional Federal 1ª Região) e TJGO (Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de Goiás). Os resultados apresentam um padrão em certa medida uniforme quanto às decisões proferidas e apontam para uma busca mínima pelo Judiciário para questões referentes à educação inclusiva, o que leva a compreensão de que tem ocorrido a garantia de direitos dos deficientes, ou ainda que as minorias podem não ter ciência de seus direitos e estarem silenciadas pelas circunstâncias.
PERGUNTA-CRIANÇA: UMA ESTRATÉGIA DE APRENDER (E ENSINAR) CIÊNCIAS
Authors: Dalmaso Alice Copetti , De Oliveira Marilda Oliveira , Corrêa Guilherme Carlos
Published: March 2018

Crianças abalam teorias, problemas, verdades, as formas e fôrmas. Inspirado num modo de pensar-criança é que estes escritos se resumem em compartilhar sobre um processo investigativo o qual apresenta como foco a possibilidade de produzir uma estratégia de aprender e ensinar ciências através das perguntas-máquinas das crianças (DELEUZE; GUATTARI, 1997). Essa investigação foi desenvolvida em espaços onde se atua como docente em disciplinas de cunho metodológico em ciências naturais, consistindo em incitar os/as acadêmicos/as sobre que tipo de relação eles/as estabelecem com as ciências naturais, experimentando possibilidades de serem afetados/as por perguntas-crianças. Não se deseja defender o aperfeiçoamento de aulas ou um melhoramento de estratégias de ensino, mas de encontrar na pergunta-criança uma potência para explorar outras possibilidades de movimentar as práticas de futuros professores, de aprenderem e ensinarem ciências para crianças.
SOCIOLOGIA HISTÓRICA OU HISTÓRIA SOCIOLÓGICA? DIÁLOGOS A PARTIR DE PIERRE BOURDIEU
Authors: Valle Ione Ribeiro
Published: March 2018

Retomar o diálogo entre sociologia e história a partir do pensamento de Pierre Bourdieu é o principal objetivo deste artigo. Para tanto, três dimensões foram consideradas sem que se observe uma sequência cronológica. A primeira parte do pressuposto que sua sociologia é desde o início uma sociologia histórica. A segunda indica que há uma vinculação estreita entre as disciplinas científicas e a noção de campo. A última diz respeito à defesa de uma sociologia histórica para os sociólogos e de uma história sociológica para os historiadores. Este estudo mostra que é por meio de um ‘estilo’ mais propositivo, que se evidencia nos seus últimos escritos, que o autor enfatiza a necessidade de unificação das humanidades e propõe uma aproximação entre o passado e o presente. Esse debate contribui não apenas para que se repense o social, mas para que se repense as práticas de professores e de pesquisadores.
ENGLISH TEACHING ASSISTANTS IN BRAZIL: CONCEPTIONS OF SUBJECT MATTER, TEACHING AND LEARNING TO TEACH
Authors: Sorte Paulo Boa
Published: March 2018

This paper aims at analyzing the conceptions of subject matter, teaching and learning to teach of two English Teaching Assistants from the United States who work in Brazil at the CAPES/ Fulbright Program, named English Teaching Assistants (ETA), which supports Languages Without Borders. The theoretical bases are teacher cognition (or teacher thinking) and conceptions (PRATT, 1992, FREEMAN, 1996, BORG, 2003, LAM & KEMBER, 2006; BURNS ET AL, 2015). The data were collected through interviews and the analysis is based on Freeman (1998), whose elements are to naming, grouping, finding relationships and displaying. These elements are used to avoid what is called the "impulse to teach", since the teacher educator is also the author of the study, and intends to do an analysis without any previous interpretations. The results show the way the conceptions of the interviewed teachers are related to each other, revealing aspects of their practices and previous educational experiences.
A ESCOLA “EMBARAÇADA” COM A EDUCAÇÃO MISTA
Authors: Dubet François
Published: March 2018

As meninas apresentam melhores resultados escolares que os rapazes. No entanto, elas se voltam aos cursos menos rentáveis, que levam a posições profissionais menos favoráveis que a dos rapazes. Como explicar esse paradoxo? Pode-se imaginar que os modelos de gênero induzem as jovens a escolhas específicas e, nesse caso, não é certo que a educação mista tenha trazido vantagens a elas. Pode-se imaginar que as meninas antecipam um papel doméstico e maternal que as conduz “racionalmente” a escolhas escolares e profissionais diferentes das dos rapazes. Este artigo examina o alcance dessas duas hipóteses e conclui que são provavelmente as ofertas profissionais e as antecipações familiares que explicam o paradoxo da situação das jovens na escola.
EL ESPACIO HÁPTICO: MÁS ALLÁ DE LA RAZÓN VISUAL
Authors: Miroli Alejandro
Published: March 2018

El presente trabajo parte de ciertas ideas de Florencio González Asenjo y James Gibson. En primer lugar ello supone una revisión del concepto de una razón visual, fundada en una concepción puramente óptica de la visión, luego se señala la convergencia de ciertas tesis de ambos autores hacia el concepto de espacio háptico, fundado en una noción de tacto expandido. Y por último se señala la posible pertinencia de esto para un análisis de la noción de acción-percepción individual y colectiva.
Senlac, the Forgotten SAGD Project
Authors: Delamaide Eric
Published: March 2018

The Senlac steam-assisted-gravity-drainage (SAGD) project in Saskatchewan, Canada, does not have the same name recognition as its much bigger brothers in the Alberta Oil Sands, but it certainly deserves to be known better. Senlac was the first industrial SAGD project in Canada, back in 1997, and since then, it has been the site for other technological innovations such as the use of solvent in addition with steam to increase recovery and reduce the steam/oil ratio (SOR), as well as the testing of wedge wells—wells drilled between SAGD well pairs to benefit from the heat remaining in the reservoir.

The reservoir in Senlac is the Dina-Cummings of the Lower Cretaceous, and is much smaller than the McMurray formation, the site of most large-scale oil-sands projects, but the oil is only 5,000 cp; thus, it is mobile at reservoir temperature. This is a significant difference that allows well pairs to achieve excellent production and recovery even though reservoir thickness is only 8 to 16 m, well below the standard cutoff for SAGD. The presence of bottomwater under parts of the field is an added challenge to the operations.

The paper will present the field characteristics and production performances as well as the main technological developments such as the solvent-added process (SAP) and the use of wedge wells.

The paper will present a complete case study of an SAGD project in a heavy-oil reservoir where oil is mobile. Most SAGD projects so far have been conducted in bitumen, but the paper will show the potential for this technology in thinner and smaller reservoirs.
Evapotranspiration in High‐Yielding Maize and under Increased Vapor Pressure Deficit in the US Midwest
Authors: Basso Bruno , Ritchie Joe T.
Published: March 2018

Core Ideas

Higher maize yields do not require more water.

The transpiration efficiency approach results in biased estimates of ET in high‐yielding maize production.

Evapotranspiration does not change in higher plant populations if water supply is adequate.

Projected changes in vapor pressure deficit will not lead to greater water use in maize.

This paper describes the results of an analysis demonstrating that high yields in maize can be obtained without additional water under current and projected vapor pressure deficits. The objective of the study was to quantify evapotranspiration (ET) in high‐yielding maize under current and projected vapor pressure deficits using the energy balance contrasted with the transpiration efficiency (TE) approach. This study indicates a lack of accuracy and bias in the TE approach when future crop water requirements were estimated. High maize yields are achievable using on average 700 mm of water as demonstrated by the current record maize grain yield of 34 Mg ha−1, which is ∼23 Mg ha−1 higher than the US average. These yields are achievable with approximately the same ET even under projected changes in vapor pressure deficit, through improved genetics and optimum agronomic management.
Alfalfa Coumestrol Content in Response to Development Stage, Fungi, Aphids, and Cultivar
Authors: Fields Rachel L. , Barrell Graham K. , Gash Alan , Zhao Jenny , Moot Derrick J.
Published: March 2018

Core Ideas

Alfalfa cultivars still produce coumestrol contents detrimental to ewe reproduction.

Coumestrol increased simultaneously across alfalfa of different development stages.

Coumestrol related to fungal symptoms but prediction from symptoms was inaccurate.

Coumestrol did not respond to pea aphids as severely as previously reported.

Coumestrol produced by alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) can reduce the ovulation rate of ewes. This study isolated agronomic factors that affect coumestrol levels in alfalfa. Fungal diseases explained most differences in coumestrol. Alfalfa inoculated with Stemphylium vesicarium contained 169 ± 25.1 mg kg−1 dry matter (DM) compared with 3.4 ± 0.84 mg kg−1 DM in controls. However, in field‐grown alfalfa there was a low relationship (R2 = 0.388) between coumestrol content and visual fungal damage score which indicates a need for alternative methods of prediction. In the field, a range of cultivars all reached coumestrol levels reported to pose a risk to ewe reproductive performance (>25 mg kg−1 DM). In S. vesicarium‐inoculated leaves, the modern cultivar ‘Stamina 5’ had 396 ± 82.4 mg kg−1 DM compared with the 40‐yr‐old industry standard ‘Wairau’ at 143 ± 35.6 mg kg−1 DM. Flowering in isolation did not produce a coumestrol response, with increases detected or not detected simultaneously in vegetative and flowering plants. Pea aphids had a minor effect on coumestrol content. When alfalfa was subjected to ∼5 aphids per stem for 4 wk coumestrol increased from 2.4 ± 0.39 to 5.3 ± 0.65 mg kg−1 DM. This study highlights fungal pathogens traditionally not considered problematic in alfalfa stands due to limited effects on stand persistence and yield, as important causal agents of elevated coumestrol levels. Plant breeding to reduce their impact is recommended.
Predicting Nitrogen Requirements for Maize with the Dark Green Color Index under Experimental Conditions
Authors: Rhezali Abdelaziz , Purcell Larry C. , Roberts Trenton L. , Greub Chester E.
Published: March 2018

Core Ideas

Current N fertilizer recommendations for maize based on yield goals and soil texture do not account for native soil fertility.

Assessing plant nitrogen status using the dark green color index may allow for more targeted N fertilizer recommendations.

The dark green color index method averaged between 92 and 112 kg N ha−1 less than standard extension recommendations in low residual N soils.

Grain yield was similar between treatments based on the dark green color index method and standard extension recommendations.

Nitrogen fertilizer recommendations for maize (Zea mays L.) should be adequate to ensure high yields but should be both economical and environmentally sound. Previous research developed algorithms using a digital camera to determine the dark green color index (DGCI) that predicted N recommendations from leaves of maize between V6 and V10. This study evaluated those algorithms by comparing them with recommendations from the University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension Service. There were no significant differences in yield between recommendations for N using the DGCI method between V6 and V10 and extension recommendations on fields with either low‐ or medium‐residual N. The DGCI method averaged about 112 and 92 kg N ha−1 less than extension recommendations in low residual N soils when 67 and 0 kg N ha−1 was applied preplant, respectively. Future research should simplify the DGCI method for use in the field and evaluate DGCI method recommendations over a range of soils and environments.
Wind Erosion Potential Influenced by Tillage in an Irrigated Potato–Sweet Corn Rotation in the Columbia Basin
Authors: Sharratt B. S. , Collins H. P.
Published: March 2018

Core Ideas

Irrigated agricultural lands in the Columbia Basin are highly susceptible to wind erosion.

Alternatives to conventional tillage practices are needed to reduce wind erosion.

Wind erosion potential was lower for reduced than conventional tillage practices.

Wind erosion was most apparent after potato harvest in a potato–corn–corn rotation.

Managing cover crops and tillage are key to minimizing wind erosion.

Wind erosion is a concern within the Columbia Basin of the US Inland Pacific Northwest (PNW) due to soils being sandy and retaining little residue after harvest of vegetable crops like potato. This study assessed potential wind erosion of a 3‐yr irrigated potato (Solanum tuberosum L. ‘Ranger Russet’)–sweet corn (Zea mays L. ‘Triple Super Sweet’)–sweet corn rotation subject to conventional and reduced tillage. Sediment flux was measured inside a portable wind tunnel after primary tillage of potato in autumn 2009 and sowing potato and sweet corn in spring 2010. Soil and crop residue characteristics that influence wind erosion were measured concurrently with sediment flux. Soil loss differed among crops in autumn 2009 and between tillage treatments in spring 2010. Soil loss was greater from potato (approached 1 Mg ha−1 min−1) than first or second year corn (approached 0.1 Mg ha−1 min−1) and from conventional (approached 1 Mg ha−1 min−1) than reduced tillage (approached 0.3 Mg ha−1 min−1). Simulations by the Wind Erosion Prediction System (WEPS) showed most of the erosion over the 3‐yr rotation occurred after harvest of potato in September to the following March. Differences in soil loss among crop treatments or between tillage practices were likely due to differences in residue cover and/or silhouette area. Since wind erosion was most apparent after harvest of potato and from conventional tillage, cover crops should be established soon after harvest and reduced tillage practices adopted to protect the soil from wind erosion in the Columbia Basin.