bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Obujam turističkog prometa za vrijeme smanjene potražnje u Republici Hrvatskoj i konkurentskim zemljama
Authors: Devčić Kristina , Tonković Pražić Ivana
Published: June 2023

Pojava pandemije bolesti COVID-19 izložila je svjetske turističke sektore i nacionalna gospodarstva izazovima s kakvima nisu bila suočena u normalnim uvjetima. U novonastaloj situaciji, zbog ograničavanja kretanja ljudi, domaći gosti postali su nositelji turističkog prometa na svim turističkim tržištima, a od sveukupnog broja turista u Republici Hrvatskoj samo oko 10 % čine domaći gosti. Međutim, za razliku od većine konkurentskih zemalja, za vrijeme smanjene potražnje hrvatski turistički sektor pokazao je otpornost zbog blizine velikih europskih tržišta iz kojih je Hrvatska lako i brzo dostupna automobilom, poput Italije ili Njemačke. U ovom radu analizirana je dinamika noćenja turista u Republici Hrvatskoj i u konkurentskim joj zemljama (Španjolskoj, Grčkoj i Portugalu) od 2018. do 2021. godine. Analiza kretanja obujma turističkog prometa te reakcija i otpornost turističkih sektora navedenih zemalja na promjene uzrokovane pojavom pandemije, glavni je predmet ovoga istraživanja sa svrhom pripreme turističkog sektora odnosno nacionalnoga gospodarstva na slične globalne izazove u budućnosti. Usporednom analizom turističkog prometa prije, za vrijeme i nakon razdoblja smanjene potražnje, između Hrvatske i odabranih konkurentskih zemalja utvrđeno je kako je turistički sektor reagirao u razdoblju smanjene potražnje. Budućim istraživanjima potrebno je odgovoriti kako strateški razvijati sektor turizma da bi bio otporniji na ovakve izazove i kako stvoriti preduvjete za povećanje udjela domaćih gostiju u strukturi turista koji posjećuju Hrvatsku, kako razvijati oblike turizma koji su se pokazali otpornijim u vrijeme pandemije i kako razvijati infrastrukturne kapacitete za individualni, obiteljski i elitni, a ne masovni turizam. Na razini nacionalnih gospodarstava potrebno je pronaći načine kako ograničiti odnosno smanjiti udio nesigurnih, tercijarnih djelatnosti koje u kriznim situacijama prve negativno reagiraju.
Keefektifan Modul Pada Hasil Belajar Mata Pelajaran Membuat Pola Siswa Tata Busana SMK NU Miftahul Falah
Authors: Dewi Anggita Fortuna , Wahyuningsih Sri Endah , Ning Wulidah
Published: June 2023

KEEFEKTIFAN MODUL PADA HASIL BELAJARMATA PELAJARAN MEMBUAT POLASISWA TATA BUSANA SMK NU MIFTAHUL FALAHAnggita Fortuna Dewi*)a, Sri Endah Wahyuningsih,*)bJurusan Pendidikan Kesejahteraan Keluarga, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri Semarang, Gedung E7 Kampus Sekaran, Gunungpati, Semarang 50229Email: anggitafortuna27@yahoo.com

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1)Mengetahui apakah modul valid dan layak digunakan pada mata pelajaran Membuat Pola 2)Mengetahui berapa besar keefektifan modul terhadap hasil belajar siswa pada mata pelajaran Membuat Pola. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian R&D (Research And Development) menggunakan One Group Pretest- Posttest Design dengan populasi siswa kelas X Tata Busana dengan jumlah 23 siswa. Sampel penelitian menggunakan sampling jenuh. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode tes, observasi, dokumentasi dan angket. Analisis data penelitian menggunakan uji-t. Besarnya peningkatan hasil belajar dihitung menggunakan Uji Gain Scores diperoleh 0,43 atau 43% berkriteria sedang. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan uji-t diperoleh thitung= 12,81 > ttabel=2,040 maka hipotesis diterima. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh yaitu terdapat peningkatan hasil belajar siswa mata pelajaran Membuat Pola menggunakan modul. Kata Kunci : Modul, Hasil Belajar, Membuat Pola

AbstractThis study aims to 1) Find out if module is valid and worthy to use the subject of Pattern Making. 2) Know how big is the effectiveness of the use of module againts the result of the study on Pattern Making subjects. This research is a R&D (Research and Development) using One Group Pretest- Posttest Design with population the students class X Fashion with a total of 23 students.The sampling using total sampling. Method of collecting data using tests method, observasion, documentation, and question form. The analysis of research data using t-test. The magnitude of the increase in the result of the study were calculated using the Gain Scores test obtained 0.43 or 43% with moderate criteria. Result of research based on t-test is obtained tc=12,81>ttable=2,040 thus hypothesis accepted. The conclusion obtained is that there is an increase in learning outcomes using the module on Pattern Making subject.Keyword: The module, Learning Outcomes, Pattern Making

*)aAlumni Mahasiswa Jurusan Pendidikan Kesejahteraan Keluarga, Fakultas Teknik, UNNES *)bStaff Pengajar Jurusan Pendidikan Kesejahteraan Keluarga, Fakultas Teknik, UNNES
PERBEDAAN HASIL PENCELUPAN BATIK MENGGUNAKAN BONGGOL PISANG DENGAN MORDAN TUNJUNG, KAPUR DAN JERUK NIPIS
Authors: Kartika Feny Fitri , Krisnawati Maria , Aulia Sofwah
Published: June 2023

Abstract. This study aims to determine how the results and differences that arise from the test of fastness, sharpness of motifs and color direction on the immersion results using mordan tunjung, lime, and lime. The research used experimental research method with independent variable (mordan tunjung, lime and lime) and dependent variable (fastness, sharpness of motif and color direction). Data collection techniques used were observation method, documentation method and laboratory test with analysis that is mean analysis on test of fastness and sharpness of motif, then descriptive analysis on color direction test. The results of the fastness test and the sharpness of the best motif on mordan lime. The results of the color direction test show pecan on mordan tunjung, cinnamon on mordan lime, and caramel on mordan lime. The conclusion of this research is banana hump can be used as batik nature dye, and there are differences in the result of batik dyeing using banana bonggol with mordan tunjung, lime, and lime.

Keywords:  Banana Stalk, Tunjung, Lime, Lime, Mordan

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana hasil dan perbedaan yang muncul dari uji ketahanan luntur, ketajaman motif dan arah warna pada hasil pencelupan menggunakan mordan tunjung, kapur, dan jeruk nipis. Penelitian menggunakan metode penelitian eksperimen dengan variabel bebas (mordan tunjung, kapur dan jeruk nipis) dan variabel terikat (ketahanan luntur, ketajaman motif dan arah warna). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu metode observasi, metode dokumentasi dan uji laboratorium dengan analisis yaitu analisis rerata (mean) pada uji ketahanan luntur dan ketajaman motif, kemudian analisis deskriptif pada uji arah warna. Hasil uji ketahanan luntur dan ketajaman motif paling baik pada mordan kapur. Hasil uji arah warna menunjukkan pecan pada mordan tunjung, cinnamon pada mordan kapur, dan caramel pada mordan jeruk nipis. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah bonggol pisang dapat digunakan sebagai pewarna alam batik, dan  terdapat perbedaan pada hasil pencelupan batik menggunakan bonggol pisang dengan mordan tunjung, kapur, dan jeruk nipis.

Kata Kunci: Bonggol Pisang, Tunjung, Kapur, Jeruk Nipis, Mordan
PENGGUNAAN ZAT PEWARNA ALAMI DARI BENALU POHON PETAI SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF PEWARNA BATIK
Authors: Sani Diyan Satwika , Kusumastuti Adhi , Sagita Amelia
Published: June 2023

Abstract. The research done by experimental research method with independent variable (mordan alum, lime, and tunjung) and dependent variable (color aging, color fastness to washing and staining of white cloth). Data collection techniques are used observation method, documentation method, and laboratory test. The analysis is used to descriptiveanalysis on all laboratory test results. The most concentrated color aging test on mordan tunjung. Fade resistance test results against leaching and staining of white fabrics have the same result on every mordan with a value of 3 (enough) for mordan tunjung and a value of 3-4 (good enough) for mordan lime and alum. The conclusion of this research is the parasite petai tree can be used as batik natural dye, for the difference research of dyeing batik clote using parasite petai tree with mordan alum, lime and tunjung.

Keywords:  Batik, Parasite Petal Tree, Natural Dyes

Abstrak. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode penelitian eksperimen dengan variabel bebas (mordan tawas, kapur dan tunjung) dan variabel terikat (ketuaan warna, ketahanan luntur warna terhadap pencucian serta penodaan terhadap kain putih). Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu metode observasi, metode dokumentasi dan uji laboratorium.Analisis yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif pada semua hasil uji laboratorium. Hasil uji ketuaan warna yang paling pekat pada mordan tunjung. Hasil pengujian ketahanan luntur terhadap pencucian dan penodaan terhadap kain putih memiliki hasil yang sama pada setiap mordan dengan nilai 3(cukup) untuk mordan tunjung dan nilai 3-4 (cukup baik) untuk mordan kapur tohor dan tawas. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah benalu pohon petai dapat digunakan sebagai pewana alami batik, terdapat perbedaan hasil pencelupan kain batik menggunakan benalu pohon petai dengan mordan tawas, kapur tohor dan tunjung.

Kata Kunci: Batik, Benalu Pohon Petai, Pewarna Alam
METODE PENCIPTAAN DESAIN KERAJINAN MENGGUNAKAN ADOBE ILLUSTRATOR
Authors: DAMAYANTI SAVIRA
Published: June 2023

Abstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektifitas dan hasil dari penciptaan desain kerajinan dengan menggunakan software Adobe Illustrator. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode Research and Development yang hasilnya disajikan secara kualitatif deskriptif, dengan teknik pengumpulan data  observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Dalam penelitian ini langkah-langkah eksperimen yang digunakan dalam penciptaan desain kerajinan mengacu pada teori penciptaan seni yang terdiri dari tiga tahapan utama yaitu eksplorasi, perancangan, dan perwujudan. Visualisasi karya ini diawali dengan membuat outline bentuk kerajinan, yang kemudian ditambahkan detail motif dengan memanfatkan palet warna Ai yang merupakan keunggulan dari Ai, serta mengoptimalkan tampilan dengan tools 3D dengan teknik isometric agar maksimal dalam memberikan kesan yang tampak nyata. Proses  penciptaan desain kerajinan menggunakan Adobe Illustrator mampu menghasilkan desain dengan tampilan yang lebih menarik serta mudah untuk dikembangkan menjadi desain yang lebih variatif dan kreatif dengan waktu yang relatif cepat dengan inventaris yang lebih mudah. Karya yang dibuat menggunakan Adobe Illustrator menghasilkan dua karya desain kerajinan yang kemudian diwujudkan pada prototype dan mockup pada ruangan dengan teknik isometric.

Kata Kunci: penciptaan, desain, kerajinan, Adobe Illustrator
STUDY OF FUNCTIONS, MOTIFS, AND SYMBOLIC MEANINGS OF TOBA BATAK ULOS SADUM WOVEN FABRICS IN NORTH SUMATRA
Authors: HARIANI ELIZABETH , KUSUMASTUTI ADHI
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Ulos sadum is a Batak woven fabric that was originally known in Angkola/South Tapanuli as a symbol of joy with its characteristic red color and festive floral motifs that have cultural significance through the Batak tradition, and can contain magical, religious, love, unity and prayer values. The development of the times has an impact on the ulos phenomenon is not used in accordance with the function, motifs and meaning of ulos because it is starting to erode and can threaten the extinction of the ulos which makes people worry, especially for the Toba Batak sphere. This study aims to examine the functions, motifs, and symbolic meanings contained in the Toba Batak ulos sadum. This research is a type of qualitative research. The approach used is semiotics. The sources of data in this study were ulos weavers, experts in the field of ulos (ulos observers, ulos business actors, lecturers of cultural studies), literature, and ulos. Data collection techniques used are literature studies, observations, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis technique used is the theoretical data analysis of Miles and Huberman namely data reduction, data presentation and conclusion/verification. The results showed that the function of the Toba Batak personal sadum was to be used by women as ulos holong (love), a symbol of joy and prayer for the wearer or daughters who are currently married, and to show the beauty of women from their work. The physical function is for scarves, long cloths/slings, back cover and gifts. The social function is for happy and sad events such as mangulosi , house inauguration, baptisms, child births, church birthdays and funerals. The function of the community in the past was that it was used for daily activities, scarves and traditional events. The function in today's society is still the same as before but has been modernized, namely the development of sadum patterned fabrics into souvenirs such as wall hangings, tablecloths, bags, clothing, skirts, accessories and others. Some sadum motifs come from Dutch and India acculturation. The motifs describe animals and nature in the Batak land. The distribution of motifs on the Toba Batak ulos sadum is Toba Silindung, Toba Samosir, Toba Holbung/Uluan and Toba Sitolu Huta. The overall symbolic meaning contained in the Toba Batak ulos sadum, namely the joy and social relations of humans and the surrounding nature is translated from the meaning contained in each motif that forms a single unit. This cloth in custom is called ulos holong (love), which expresses affection, joy and prayer to give dynamism to the community.
KELAYAKAN TAS LIMBAH KARUNG GONI DENGAN APLIKASI BORDIR SUMBER IDE BUNGA NASIONAL
Authors: SALMI IRMA NURUL , WIDOWATI WIDOWATI
Published: June 2023

Abstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kelayakan tas limbah karung goni dengan aplikasi bordir sumber ide bunga nasional. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah desain eksperimen dengan teknik one shot case study. Jumlah populasi yang ada dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 22 panelis. Metode sample yang digunakan adalah sampel jenuh. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan metode observasi dengan alat pengambilan data lembar pengamatan. Analisis data menggunakan deskriptif persentase. Uji kelayakan dilakukan berdasarkan 5 indikator penilaian yaitu desain, bahan baku, teknik/cara pembuatan, daya tahan, kemasan. Hasil dari uji kelayakan menunjukan total persentase sebanyak 92,47% yang dikategorikan sangat layak. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa limbah karung goni sangat layak untuk diolah kembali menjadi produk tas.

Kata Kunci: bordir, bunga nasional, karung goni, limbah, tas
Thermal Behavior and Kinetic of Degradation of PVA and PVA/CS/AL Blend
Authors: Wulandari Retno , Swasono Yogi Angga , Ichsan Muchamad Zain Nur , Rifathin Annisa
Published: June 2023

Studying thermal behavior, especially regarding the kinetics of the degradation of materials has attracted attention in this recent years because it can provide information about the stability of materials in various conditions and how the mechanism of material degradation. In this research, the thermal behavior and kinetics of thermal degradation of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/cassava starch (CS)/alkaline lignin (AL) with glycerol as a plasticizer were investigated and compared by the thermogravimetric analyzer. The test was carried out for samples under non-isothermal conditions in nitrogen at a single heating rate of 10 °C/min. The activation energies were calculated using Coats-Redfern, Broido, and Horowitz-Metzger methods. The results showed that PVA/0 and PVA/CS/AL had four decomposition steps with the main degradation of PVA/0 and PVA/CS/AL in the second and third decomposition steps. The first degradation of PVA/0 and PVA/CS/AL occurred at 125 °C - 270 °C with a decomposed mass of 35.94%, and 135 °C – 250 °C with a decomposed mass of 31.84%, respectively. The second degradation of PVA/0 and PVA/CS/AL was at  270 °C - 385 °C with a decomposed mass of 40.33%  and 250 °C – 395 °C with a decomposed mass of 38.62%. The values of activation energies using Coats-Redfern, Broido, and Horowitz Metger methods of PVA/0 were 57.08 KJ/mol, 64.82 KJ/mol, and 70.57 KJ/mol, respectively. The values of activation energies using Coats-Redfern, Broido, and Horowitz Metger methods of PVA/CS/AL were 74.49 KJ/mol, 82.17 KJ/mol, and 95.65 KJ/mol, respectively. The lower activation energy indicates that degradation reactions occur more easily. PVA/CS/AL has slightly better thermal stability than PVA/0.
La talla centrípeta sobre cuarcita: reproducción experimental
Authors: Carrión Elena
Published: June 2023

En Julio de 1996 un equipo del Departamento de Prehistoria de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid emprendió los trabajos de campo orientados al conocimiento del Paleolítico Medio al aire libre (Panes, Cantabria) en un paraje de media montaña.En el yacimiento, situado a unos centenares de metros sobre el valle del río Deva, se encontró numerosa industria de cuarcita. La abundancia de núcleos y productos brutos de lascado, acompañados de esporádico utillaje (consistente básicamente en denticulados y raederas) sugiere el uso de este espacio como taller, aunque por la presumible posición secundaria del yacimiento no ha sido posible localizar remontajes ni restos menores de talla.
Realización de un arpón aziliense
Authors: Matamoros Justicia Teresa
Published: June 2023

La realización experimental de un arpón o cualquier otro objeto arqueológico tiene como finalidad el ayudar a comprender mejor todos los aspectos y limitaciones que se hallan relacionados con su elaboración, por eso intentaremos desarrollar lo más exactamente posible el proceso y las conclusiones que obtuvimos después del trabajo realizado.
Trabajo experimental sobre resistencia del cordaje
Authors: De Agustín Serrano Mª Carmen
Published: June 2023

Este trabajo trata de medir la resistencia al estiramiento y la plasticidad de ciertos materiales, presumiblemente utilizados por el hombre primitivo, cuyo uso no ha tenido continuidad posteriormente, por lo que carecemos de datos sobre ellos, no habiendo sucedido así con otros que igualmente podrían haber sido utilizados por el ser humano primitivo y cuyo uso ha continuado hasta nuestros días (cuero, algodón, cáñamo...).
Reproducción de estructuras de hábitat prehistóricas en la Flor de Maig. Una constrastación experimental del registro arqueológico para la didáctica de la Prehistoria
Authors: Castañeda Clemente Nuria , Gonzáles Muñoz Javier
Published: June 2023

La Arqueología Prehistórica indaga en los modos de vida y en las formas de organización de los grupos humanos desde los orígenes más remotos. Su objetivo ideal sería obtener una comprensión total de estas sociedades pasadas desde todas y cada una de sus manifestaciones: objetos, edificios, arte, lenguaje, pensamiento, espiritualidad, ciencia, ocio...
Tjehmed: reproducción de fayenza en el laboratorio de arqueología experimental de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
Authors: Frigolet Vela Gema , Cristóbal Horcajo Paula
Published: June 2023

En este trabajo de experimentación tenemos como objetivo el estudio de la tonalidad de la fayenza, es decir, si la variación de las proporciones de los materiales es la razón de que las piezas presenten un color diferente.La fayenza o tjehmed, vocablo por el cual se referían a ella los egipcios está relacionada con la palabra brillante o reluciente como alusión a este piedra semipreciosa artificial, que estuvo presente a lo largo de toda la historia del Antiguo Egipto, desde el Periodo de Naqada III (3100-2900 a.C.) en época Predinástica, hasta fines del Periodo Romano (30 a. C.-395 d. C.)La fayenza en época egipcia se obtenía partiendo de una pasta elaborada con arena o cuarzo granuloso que, previamente, era mezclado con un material aglutinante de tipo alcalino como el natrón, o una planta llamada ash; después, la pasta se calentaba en un horno, donde el componente sódico de dicha mezcla se concentraba en la parte exterior, obteniéndose una pieza con un hermoso acabado vítreo superficial.
Influence of cellulose polymerization degree and crystallinity on kinetics of cellulose degradation
Authors: Jasiukaitytė-Grojzdek Edita , Kunaver Matjaž , Poljanšek Ida
Published: June 2023

Cellulose was treated in ethylene glycol with p-toluene sulfonic acid monohydrate as a catalyst at different temperatures. At the highest treatment temperature (150 °C) liquefaction of wood pulp cellulose was achieved and was dependant on cellulose polymerization degree (DP). Furthermore, the rate of amorphous cellulose weight loss was found to increase with cellulose degree of polymerization, while the rate of crystalline cellulose weight loss was reciprocal to the size of the crystallites. The cellulose degradation was studied by monitoring of the molecular mass decrease by size-exclusion chromatography. It was revealed that microcrystalline cellulose degrades via a ‘quantum mode’ mechanism, while the degradation of Whatman filter paper no 1. and cotton linters proceeded randomly and were partly dependent on the starting polymerization degree, crystallinity, and treatment temperature. The kinetics of cellulose degradation in heterogeneous media was described by means of a one-stage model, characterised by the consumption of glycosidic bonds in amorphous and crystalline cellulose regions until the levelling-off degree of polymerization is reached.
Problematic use of the internet among adolescents: A four-wave longitudinal study of trajectories, predictors and outcomes
Authors: Geng Xiaomin , Zhang Jialin , Liu Yang , Xu Linxuan , Han Yue , Potenza Marc N. , Zhang Jintao
Published: June 2023

Background and aims

Problematic use of the internet (PUI) among adolescents has become one of the public problems around the world. Understanding the developmental trajectory of PUI may be beneficial to develop prevention and intervention. The current study aimed to identify the developmental trajectories of PUI among adolescents, considering individual differences over time. And also explored how familial factors contributed to the identified trajectories, and the relationship between PUI changes over time and social, mental health, and academic functioning.

Methods

A total of 1,149 adolescents (Mage = 15.82, SD = 0.61; 55.27% girls at Wave 1) participated in assessments at four time points, using 6-month assessment intervals.

Results

Based on a latent class growth model, three trajectories of PUI were identified: Low Decreasing, Moderate Increasing, and High Increasing groups. Multivariate logistic regression analyses suggested that inter-parental conflicts and childhood maltreatment served as negative familial predictors for the risk trajectories of PUI (i.e., Moderate Increasing and High Increasing groups). Additionally, adolescents in these two groups displayed more estranged interpersonal relationships, more mental health difficulties, and poorer academic functioning.

Discussion and conclusions

It is important to consider individual differences in understanding the developmental patterns of PUI among adolescents. Identifying family predictors and the behavioral outcome associated with groups with different developmental trajectories of PUI, which may help to understand better risk factors related to specific developmental patterns of PUI and its adverse correlates. The findings highlight a need to develop more specific effective intervention programs for individuals displaying different problematic developmental trajectories with PUI.
Műtéti implantátumok tételszáma alapján történő igazságügyi célú személyazonosítás
Authors: Angyal Miklós , Petrétei Dávid , Bukovecz Tibor , Tóth Dénes , Simon Gábor
Published: June 2023

Munkánk a Baranya Vármegyei Rendőr-főkapitányság ismeretlen holttestre vonatkozó
körözési anyagából két sikeres személyazonosítási esetet tárgyal. Mindkét
esetben, több évvel a holttestek megtalálása, valamint a rendkívüli halálesettel
kapcsolatos közigazgatási hatósági eljárások befejezése után, a holttestek
exhumálását követően sikerült az azonosítás a kihantoláskor eltávolított
traumatológiai fémimplantátumok tétel (lot)-száma alapján. Az esetekkel célunk
egyrészről rámutatni a másodlagos azonosítók, ezen belül is a tételszámmal
rendelkező orvosi implantátumok fontosságára az igazságügyi személyazonosítási
gyakorlatban, illetve felhívni a figyelmet arra, hogy a több mint ezer (ezen
belül 742, tíz évnél régebb óta körözött) magyarországi ismeretlen holttest egy
jelentős részének azonosítására csak akkor van lehetőség, ha a holttesteket
újravizsgáljuk, kihasználva az elmúlt időszakban bekövetkezett technikai,
technológiai fejlesztések eredményeit is. Az ismertetett esetek rávilágítanak a
beültetett fémeszközök azonosítóinak a boncolás során történő dokumentálásának
fontosságára. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(23): 911–918.
A geriátria helyzete ma Magyarországon
Authors: Bakó Gyula
Published: June 2023

Magyarországon aktív geriátriai ellátórendszer nincs, aktív geriátriai osztály
alig van, ennek megfelelően a térségi rendszer keretén belül, de minden vezető
megyei intézményben is létre kellene hozni. A hiány egy része azért van, mert a
finanszírozási szerződésekben nem történt nevesítés az aktív geriátriára
vonatkozóan, másrészről nincs elégséges számban a korábbi minimumfeltételben
megfogalmazott geriáter szakorvos. A szakorvos hiánya miatt a kórházak
természetesen nem üzemeltetnek osztályt, nem létező osztályra pedig nem lehet
életpályát építeni/ígérni, ezért nem megy senki geriáternek. Kétségtelen tény,
hogy az oktatási rendszer sem támogatta/támogatja a perifériára szorult
geriáterszakember-képzést, mivel (uniós harmonizációként) a ráépített képzés
megszűnt. Rendkívül hátrányos az a helyzet, hogy számos egészségügyi intézmény
nem ismerte fel azt a szükségletet, illetőleg azt a fajta megoldást, amely az
aktív ellátás (belgyógyászat, sebészet, nőgyógyászat, neurológia stb.) – aktív
geriátria – krónikus ellátás folyamatát, egymáshoz kapcsolódását és teljes
átjárhatóságát jelenti. Nincs geriátriai szakrendelés, nincs geriátriai nappali
kórházi rendszer, előfordulásuk, működtetésük esetleges. Nincs geriátriai
(mobil, térségi-területi) konzulensi rendszer. Orv Hetil. 2023; 164(23):
891–893.
The Potential of Sponge-Associated Bacillus spp. as A Biocontrol Agent to Inhibit Several Bacteria from Infected Catfish (Clarias gariepinus Burch)
Authors: Medani Della Indah
Published: June 2023

Catfish is one of the freshwater aquaculture commodities with a high level of consumption and production in Indonesia. Disease outbreaks could occur in catfish farming activities caused by pathogenic bacteria. Several species of pathogenic bacteria can cause disease in catfish, resulting in mass death. This can lead to decrease in the food quality of freshwater fishery products, especially catfish. In cultured system, aquaculture occurrence of diseases can cause severe financial losses. Catfish samples were obtained from catfish farming with clinical symptoms of reddish spots on the outside of the body. Bacteria were isolated from the kidney and liver under aseptic conditions. These bacteria isolates were identified through their colony morphology, Gram staining, biochemical tests, molecular test, and antibacterial test of Bacillus spp. using spot and disc diffusion test. Identification based on 16S rRNA gene showed that GL1 was 99.92% closely related to Aeromonas widowei, HL1 was 100% closely to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, and GL2 and HL2 was closely related to Bacillus cereus. The antibacterial test results of APD10 isolates of Bacillus velenzensis species inhibited GL2 pathogenic bacteria with an inhibition zone of 22.15 mm in the very strong inhibition zone and HL2 pathogenic bacteria with an inhibition zone of 8.5 mm in the moderate inhibition zone. Bacillus velezensis was isolated from the sponge Aplysina sp. could be further utilized as a biocontrol agent for the pathogenic bacteria, Bacillus cereus, that infects catfish.
Effect of Cooking and Preservation Time on Fish Balls Quality Produced from Pangasius Hypophthalmus Meat By product
Authors: Vu Ngoc Duc , Tran Thanh Truc , Nguyen Van Muoi
Published: June 2023

The demand for Tra fish (Pangasius hypophthalmus) fillets is increasing every year which also increases the number of fish meat byproducts. Approximately 10% of P. hypophthalmus meat is discarded after the production of fish fillets. This study aimed to develop fish balls from the fishmeat byproduct of P. hypophthalmus fillet then investigated the effect of cooking methods and preservation time on the alteration of its texture, brightness, and total bacterial count (TBC). The raw material, minced byproduct and fish balls were analyzed for pH, protein, fat, and moisture contents. The protein content in Tra fish reached 7.35% and increased to 37.14% after the completion of the processing stages for the finished product. Blanching for 4 minutes at 90°C and steaming for 4 minutes at 100°C resulted in good texture and brightness of fish balls. However, a more effective reduction in total bacterial count was observed during the blanching process. Fish balls were preserved by freezing at -40 °C for 42 days and still maintained stable brightness. However, TBC increased significantly after 7 days, and conversely for the texture of fish balls. A finding on the stability of texture and TBC of fish balls when continued preservation from 7 to 42 days. The utilization and use of by-products from the fish fillet processing industry contribute to improving the economic value of the aquaculture industry.
RTANet: Recommendation Target-Aware Network Embedding
Authors: Cao Qimeng , Yin Qing , Song Yunya , Wang Zhihua , Chen Yujun , Xu Richard Yi Da , Yang Xian
Published: June 2023

Network embedding is a process of encoding nodes into latent vectors by preserving network structure and content information. It is used in various applications, especially in recommender systems. In a social network setting, when recommending new friends to a user, the similarity between the user's embedding and the target friend will be examined. Traditional methods generate user node embedding without considering the recommendation target. No matter which target is to be recommended, the same embedding vector is generated for that particular user. This approach has its limitations. For example, a user can be both a computer scientist and a musician. When recommending music friends with
potentially the same taste to him, we are interested in getting his representation that is useful in recommending music friends rather than computer scientists. His corresponding embedding should consider the user's musical features rather than those associated with computer science with the awareness that the recommendation targets are music friends. In order to address this issue, we propose a new framework which we name it as Recommendation Target-Aware Network embedding method (RTANet). Herein, the embedding of each user is no longer fixed to a constant vector, but it can vary according to their specific recommendation target. Concretely, RTANet assigns different attention weights to each neighbour node, allowing us to obtain the user's context information aggregated from its neighbours before transforming this context into its embedding. Different from other graph attention approaches, the attention weights in our work measure the similarity between each user's neighbour node and the target node, which in return generates the target-aware embedding. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our method, we compared RTANet with several state-of-the-art network embedding methods on
four real-world datasets and showed that RTANet outperforms other comparative methods in the recommendation tasks.
Partisan US News Media Representations of Syrian Refugees
Authors: Chen Keyu , Babaeianjelodar Marzieh , Shi Yiwen , Janmohamed Kamila , Sarkar Rupak , Weber Ingmar , Davidson Thomas , De Choudhury Munmun , Huang Jonathan , Yadav Shweta , KhudaBukhsh Ashiqur , Bauch Chris T , Nakov Preslav , Papakyriakopoulos Orestis , Saha Koustuv , Khoshnood Kaveh , Kumar Navin
Published: June 2023

We investigate how representations of Syrian refugees (2011-2021) differ across US partisan news outlets. We analyze 47,388 articles from the online US media about Syrian refugees to detail differences in reporting between left- and right-leaning media. We use various NLP techniques to understand these differences. Our polarization and question answering results indicated that left-leaning media tended to represent refugees as child victims, welcome in the US, and right-leaning media cast refugees as Islamic terrorists. We noted similar results with our sentiment and offensive speech scores over time, which detail possibly unfavorable representations of refugees in right-leaning media. A strength of our work is how the different techniques we have applied validate each other. Based on our results, we provide several recommendations. Stakeholders may utilize our findings to intervene around refugee representations, and design communications campaigns that improve the way society sees refugees and possibly aid refugee outcomes.
Same Words, Different Meanings: Semantic Polarization in Broadcast Media Language Forecasts Polarity in Online Public Discourse
Authors: Ding Xiaohan , Horning Michael , Rho Eugenia H.
Published: June 2023

With the growth of online news over the past decade, empirical studies on political discourse and news consumption have focused on the phenomenon of filter bubbles and echo chambers. Yet recently, scholars have revealed limited evidence around the impact of such phenomenon, leading some to argue that partisan segregation across news audiences can- not be fully explained by online news consumption alone and that the role of traditional legacy media may be as salient in polarizing public discourse around current events. In this work, we expand the scope of analysis to include both online and more traditional media by investigating the relationship between broadcast news media language and social media discourse. By analyzing a decade’s worth of closed captions (2.1 million speaker turns) from CNN and Fox News along with topically corresponding discourse from Twitter, we pro- vide a novel framework for measuring semantic polarization between America’s two major broadcast networks to demonstrate how semantic polarization between these outlets has evolved (Study 1), peaked (Study 2) and influenced partisan discussions on Twitter (Study 3) across the last decade. Our results demonstrate a sharp increase in polarization in how topically important keywords are discussed between the two channels, especially after 2016, with overall highest peaks occurring in 2020. The two stations discuss identical topics in drastically distinct contexts in 2020, to the extent that there is barely any linguistic overlap in how identical keywords are contextually discussed. Further, we demonstrate at-scale, how such partisan division in broadcast media language significantly shapes semantic polarity trends on Twitter (and vice-versa), empirically linking for the first time, how online discussions are influenced by televised media. We show how the language characterizing opposing media narratives about similar news events on TV can increase levels of partisan dis- course online. To this end, our work has implications for how media polarization on TV plays a significant role in impeding rather than supporting online democratic discourse.
Happenstance: Utilizing Semantic Search to Track Russian State Media Narratives about the Russo-Ukrainian War on Reddit
Authors: Hanley Hans W. A. , Kumar Deepak , Durumeric Zakir
Published: June 2023

In the buildup to and in the weeks following the Russian Federation’s invasion of Ukraine, Russian state media outlets output torrents of misleading and outright false information. In this work, we study this coordinated information campaign in order to understand the most prominent state media narratives touted by the Russian government to English-speaking audiences. To do this, we first perform sentence-level topic analysis using the large-language model MPNet on articles published by ten different pro-Russian propaganda websites including the new Russian “fact-checking” website waronfakes.com. Within this ecosystem, we show that smaller websites like katehon.com were highly effective at publishing topics that were later echoed by other Russian sites. After analyzing this set of Russian information narratives, we then analyze their correspondence with narratives and topics of discussion on r/Russia and 10 other political subreddits. Using MPNet and a semantic search algorithm, we map these subreddits’ comments to the set of topics extracted from our set of Russian websites, finding that 39.6% of r/Russia comments corresponded to narratives from pro-Russian propaganda websites compared to 8.86% on r/politics.
SexWEs: Domain-Aware Word Embeddings via Cross-Lingual Semantic Specialisation for Chinese Sexism Detection in Social Media
Authors: Jiang Aiqi , Zubiaga Arkaitz
Published: June 2023

The goal of sexism detection is to mitigate negative online content targeting certain gender groups of people. However, the limited availability of labeled sexism-related datasets makes it problematic to identify online sexism for low-resource languages.
In this paper, we address the task of automatic sexism detection in social media for one low-resource language -- Chinese. Rather than collecting new sexism data or building cross-lingual transfer learning models, we develop a cross-lingual domain-aware semantic specialisation system in order to make the most of existing data. Semantic specialisation is a technique for retrofitting pre-trained distributional word vectors by integrating external linguistic knowledge (such as lexico-semantic relations) into the specialised feature space. To do this, we leverage semantic resources for sexism from a high-resource language (English) to specialise pre-trained word vectors in the target language (Chinese) to inject domain knowledge. We demonstrate the benefit of our sexist word embeddings (SexWEs) specialised by our framework via intrinsic evaluation of word similarity and extrinsic evaluation of sexism detection. Compared with other specialisation approaches and Chinese baseline word vectors, our SexWEs shows an average score improvement of 0.033 and 0.064 in both intrinsic and extrinsic evaluations, respectively. The ablative results and visualisation of SexWEs also prove the effectiveness of our framework on retrofitting word vectors in low-resource languages.
"This Is Fake News": Characterizing the Spontaneous Debunking from Twitter Users to COVID-19 False Information
Authors: Miyazaki Kunihiro , Uchiba Takayuki , Tanaka Kenji , An Jisun , Kwak Haewoon , Sasahara Kazutoshi
Published: June 2023

False information spreads on social media, and fact-checking is a potential countermeasure.
However, there is a severe shortage of fact-checkers; an efficient way to scale fact-checking is desperately needed, especially in pandemics like COVID-19.
In this study, we focus on spontaneous debunking by social media users, which has been missed in existing research despite its indicated usefulness for fact-checking and countering false information.
Specifically, we characterize the tweets with false information, or fake tweets, that tend to be debunked and Twitter users who often debunk fake tweets.
For this analysis, we create a comprehensive dataset of responses to fake tweets, annotate a subset of them, and build a classification model for detecting debunking behaviors.
We find that most fake tweets are left undebunked, spontaneous debunking is slower than other forms of responses, and spontaneous debunking exhibits partisanship in political topics.
These results provide actionable insights into utilizing spontaneous debunking to scale conventional fact-checking, thereby supplementing existing research from a new perspective.
Echo Tunnels: Polarized News Sharing Online Runs Narrow but Deep
Authors: Mok Lillio , Inzlicht Michael , Anderson Ashton
Published: June 2023

Online social platforms afford users vast digital spaces to share and discuss current events. However, scholars have concerns both over their role in segregating information exchange into ideological echo chambers, and over evidence that these echo chambers are nonetheless over-stated. In this work, we investigate news-sharing patterns across the entirety of Reddit and find that the platform appears polarized macroscopically, especially in politically right-leaning spaces. On closer examination, however, we observe that the majority of this effect originates from small, hyper-partisan segments of the platform accounting for a minority of news shared. We further map the temporal evolution of polarized news sharing and uncover evidence that, in addition to having grown drastically over time, polarization in hyper-partisan communities also began much earlier than 2016 and is resistant to Reddit's largest moderation event. Our results therefore suggest that social polarized news sharing runs narrow but deep online. Rather than being guided by the general prevalence or absence of echo chambers, we argue that platform policies are better served by measuring and targeting the communities in which ideological segregation is strongest.
Cross-Lingual and Cross-Domain Crisis Classification for Low-Resource Scenarios
Authors: Sánchez Cinthia , Sarmiento Hernan , Abeliuk Andres , Pérez Jorge , Poblete Barbara
Published: June 2023

Social media data has emerged as a useful source of timely information about real-world crisis events. One of the main tasks related to the use of social media for disaster management is the automatic identification of crisis-related messages. Most of the studies on this topic have focused on the analysis of data for a particular type of event in a specific language. This limits the possibility of generalizing existing approaches because models cannot be directly applied to new types of events or other languages. In this work, we study the task of automatically classifying messages that are related to crisis events by leveraging cross-language and cross-domain labeled data. Our goal is to make use of labeled data from high-resource languages to classify messages from other (low-resource) languages and/or of new (previously unseen) types of crisis situations. For our study we consolidated from the literature a large unified dataset containing multiple crisis events and languages. Our empirical findings show that it is indeed possible to leverage data from crisis events in English to classify the same type of event in other languages, such as Spanish and Italian (80.0% F1-score). Furthermore, we achieve good performance for the cross-domain task (80.0% F1-score) in a cross-lingual setting. Overall, our work contributes to improving the data scarcity problem that is so important for multilingual crisis classification. In particular, mitigating cold-start situations in emergency events, when time is of essence.
How Much User Context Do We Need? Privacy by Design in Mental Health NLP Applications
Authors: Sawhney Ramit , Neerkaje Atula , Habernal Ivan , Flek Lucie
Published: June 2023

Clinical NLP tasks such as mental health assessment from text, must take social constraints into account - the performance maximization must be constrained by the utmost importance of guaranteeing privacy of user data. Consumer protection regulations, such as GDPR, generally handle privacy by restricting data availability, such as requiring to limit user data to 'what is necessary' for a given purpose. In this work, we reason that providing stricter formal privacy guarantees, while increasing the volume of user data in the model, in most cases increases benefit for all parties involved, especially for the user. We demonstrate our arguments on two existing suicide risk assessment datasets of Twitter and Reddit posts. We present the first analysis juxtaposing user history length and differential privacy budgets and elaborate how modeling additional user context enables utility preservation while maintaining acceptable user privacy guarantees.
Detecting Anti-vaccine Users on Twitter
Authors: Schmitz Matheus , Muric Goran , Burghardt Keith
Published: June 2023

Vaccine hesitancy, which has recently been driven by online narratives, significantly degrades the efficacy of vaccination strategies, such as those for COVID-19. Despite broad agreement in the medical community about the safety and efficacy of available vaccines, a large number of social media users continue to be inundated with false information about vaccines and are indecisive or unwilling to be vaccinated. The goal of this study is to better understand anti-vaccine sentiment by developing a system capable of automatically identifying the users responsible for spreading anti-vaccine narratives. We introduce a publicly available Python package capable of analyzing Twitter profiles to assess how likely that profile is to share anti-vaccine sentiment in the future. The software package is built using text embedding methods, neural networks, and automated dataset generation and is trained on several million tweets. We find this model can accurately detect anti-vaccine users up to a year before they tweet anti-vaccine hashtags or keywords. We also show examples of how text analysis helps us understand anti-vaccine discussions by detecting moral and emotional differences between anti-vaccine spreaders on Twitter and regular users. Our results will help researchers and policy-makers understand how users become anti-vaccine and what they discuss on Twitter. Policy-makers can utilize this information for better targeted campaigns that debunk harmful anti-vaccination myths.
Minority Stress Experienced by LGBTQ Online Communities during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Yuan Yunhao , Verma Gaurav , Keller Barbara , Aledavood Talayeh
Published: June 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has disproportionately impacted the lives of minorities, such as members of the LGBTQ community (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer) due to pre-existing social disadvantages and health disparities. Although extensive research has been carried out on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on different aspects of the general population's lives, few studies are focused on the LGBTQ population. In this paper, we develop and evaluate two sets of machine learning classifiers using a pre-pandemic and a during-pandemic dataset to identify Twitter posts exhibiting minority stress, which is a unique pressure faced by the members of the LGBTQ population due to their sexual and gender identities. We demonstrate that our best pre- and during-pandemic models show strong and stable performance for detecting posts that contain minority stress. We investigate the linguistic differences in minority stress posts across pre- and during-pandemic periods. We find that anger words are strongly associated with minority stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. We explore the impact of the pandemic on the emotional states of the LGBTQ population by adopting propensity score-based matching to perform a causal analysis. The results show that the LGBTQ population have a greater increase in the usage of cognitive words and worsened observable attribute in the usage of positive emotion words than the group of the general population with similar pre-pandemic behavioral attributes. Our findings have implications for the public health domain and policy-makers to provide adequate support, especially with respect to mental health, to the LGBTQ population during future crises.
Wiki-Based Communities of Interest: Demographics and Outliers
Authors: Arnaout Hiba , Razniewski Simon , Pan Jeff Z.
Published: June 2023

In this paper, we release data about demographic information and outliers of communities of interest. Identified from Wiki-based sources, mainly Wikidata, the data covers 7.5k communities, e.g., members of the White House Coronavirus Task Force, and 345k subjects, e.g., Deborah Birx. We describe the statistical inference methodology adopted to mine such data. We release subject-centric and group-centric datasets in JSON format, as well as a browsing interface. Finally, we forsee three areas where this dataset can be useful: in social sciences research, it provides a resource for demographic analyses; in web-scale collaborative encyclopedias, it serves as an edit recommender to fill knowledge gaps; and in web search, it offers lists of salient statements about queried subjects for higher user engagement. The dataset can be accessed at: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7410436