bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Delayed tumor-draining lymph node irradiation preserves the efficacy of combined radiotherapy and immune checkpoint blockade in models of metastatic disease
Authors: Telarovic Irma , Yong Carmen S. M. , Kurz Lisa , Vetrugno Irene , Reichl Sabrina , Fernandez Alba Sanchez , Cheng Hung-Wei , Winkler Rona , Guckenberger Matthias , Kipar Anja , Ludewig Burkhard , Pruschy Martin
Published: July 2024

Cancer resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors motivated investigations into leveraging the immunostimulatory properties of radiotherapy to overcome immune evasion and to improve treatment response. However, clinical benefits of radiotherapy-immunotherapy combinations have been modest. Routine concomitant tumor-draining lymph node irradiation (DLN IR) might be the culprit. As crucial sites for generating anti-tumor immunity, DLNs are indispensable for the in situ vaccination effect of radiotherapy. Simultaneously, DLN sparing is often not feasible due to metastatic spread. Using murine models of metastatic disease in female mice, here we demonstrate that delayed (adjuvant), but not neoadjuvant, DLN IR overcomes the detrimental effect of concomitant DLN IR on the efficacy of radio-immunotherapy. Moreover, we identify IR-induced disruption of the CCR7-CCL19/CCL21 homing axis as a key mechanism for the detrimental effect of DLN IR. Our study proposes delayed DLN IR as a strategy to maximize the efficacy of radio-immunotherapy across different tumor types and disease stages.
Zero-dimensional halide hybrid bulk glass exhibiting reversible photochromic ultralong phosphorescence
Authors: Nie Fei , Yan Dongpeng
Published: July 2024

Dynamically responsive materials, capable of reversible changes in color appearance and/or photoemission upon external stimuli, have attracted substantial attention across various fields. This study presents an effective approach wherein switchable modulation of photochromism and ultralong phosphorescence can be achieved simultaneously in a zero-dimensional organic-inorganic halide hybrid glass doped with 4,4´-bipyridine. The facile fabrication of large-scale glasses is accomplished through a combined grinding-melting-quenching process. The persistent luminescence can be regulated through the photochromic switch induced by photo-generated radicals. Furthermore, the incorporation of the aggregation-induced chirality effect generates intriguing circularly polarized luminescence, with an optical dissymmetry factor (glum) reaching the order of 10–2. Exploiting the dynamic ultralong phosphorescence, this work further achieves promising applications, such as three-dimensional optical storage, rewritable photo-patterning, and multi-mode anti-counterfeiting with ease. Therefore, this study introduces a smart hybrid glass platform as a new photo-responsive switchable system, offering versatility for a wide array of photonic applications.
Evaluation of a mobile behavior change program for weight loss in breast cancer survivors
Authors: Shen Sherry , Salehi Erica , White Charlie , Chen Yuan , Iyengar Neil M.
Published: July 2024

Post-diagnosis weight gain is common in early-stage breast cancer and is associated with increased risk of recurrence and mortality. Intentional weight loss is difficult to maintain, and digital lifestyle interventions may provide a scalable approach to address this challenge. In this prospective single-arm study (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04753268; February 15, 2021), key eligibility criteria included: stage I–III breast cancer, body mass index (BMI) ≥ 27.5 kg/m2, and completion of cancer treatment ≥6 months before study enrollment. Participants were provided with a behavioral change mobile application (Noom®). The primary endpoint was a change in self-reported weight from baseline to 26 weeks. Secondary endpoints included engagement, changes in physical activity, dietary patterns, and patient-reported outcomes (PRO). In total, 31 patients were enrolled (mean age 56.8 ± 9.9, mean baseline BMI 33.5 kg/m2 ± 6.5). The mean weight change was −4.8 kg ( ± 4.4, P < 0.001), mean percent weight change was −5.6% ( ± 5.0%); 11/31 patients (35.5%) lost ≥5% of their initial weight. Metrics of digital application engagement associated with weight loss ≥5% included articles read (P = 0.012), weights logged (P = 0.006), food records logged (P = 0.001), messages sent (P = 0.001), and application open count (P = 0.014). Significant increases were seen in mean daily step count (P = 0.004), GPAQ scores (P = 0.002), and Body Image Scale scores (P < 0.001). Mean energy intake remained consistently in a calorie-restricted range of 1300–1400 kcal/day. In this study, breast cancer survivors were highly engaged with a behavioral change smartphone application which led to clinically significant weight loss, increased physical activity, maintenance of an energy-restricted diet, and improvements in body image.
Accurate first-principles simulation for the response of 2D chemiresistive gas sensors
Authors: Li Shuwei , Zhang Liang
Published: July 2024

The realm of chemiresistive gas sensors has witnessed a notable surge in interest in two-dimensional (2D) materials. The advancement of high-performance 2D gas sensing materials necessitates a quantitative theoretical method capable of accurately predicting their response. In this context, we present our first-principles framework for calculating the response of 2D materials, incorporating both carrier concentration and mobility. We showcase our method by applying it to prototype NH3 sensing on 2D MoS2 and comparing the results with prior experiments in the literature. Our approach offers a thorough solution for carrier concentration, taking into account the electronic structure around the Fermi level. In conjunction with the mobility calculation, this enables us to provide a quantitative prediction of the response profile and limit of detection (LOD), yielding a notably improved alignment with prior experimental findings. Further analysis quantifies the contributions of carrier concentration and mobility to the overall response of 2D MoS2 to NH3. We identify that discrepancies in the charge-transfer-based method primarily stem from overestimating carrier concentrations. Our method opens exciting opportunities to explore carrier mobility-dominated sensing materials, facilitates efficient screening of promising gas sensing materials, and quantitative understanding of the sensing mechanism.
Mapping spatially resolved transcriptomes in human and mouse pulmonary fibrosis
Authors: Franzén Lovisa , Olsson Lindvall Martina , Hühn Michael , Ptasinski Victoria , Setyo Laura , Keith Benjamin P. , Collin Astrid , Oag Steven , Volckaert Thomas , Borde Annika , Lundeberg Joakim , Lindgren Julia , Belfield Graham , Jackson Sonya , Ollerstam Anna , Stamou Marianna , Ståhl Patrik L. , Hornberg Jorrit J.
Published: July 2024

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive lung disease with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Efforts to identify effective treatments are thwarted by limited understanding of IPF pathogenesis and poor translatability of available preclinical models. Here we generated spatially resolved transcriptome maps of human IPF (n = 4) and bleomycin-induced mouse pulmonary fibrosis (n = 6) to address these limitations. We uncovered distinct fibrotic niches in the IPF lung, characterized by aberrant alveolar epithelial cells in a microenvironment dominated by transforming growth factor beta signaling alongside predicted regulators, such as TP53 and APOE. We also identified a clear divergence between the arrested alveolar regeneration in the IPF fibrotic niches and the active tissue repair in the acutely fibrotic mouse lung. Our study offers in-depth insights into the IPF transcriptional landscape and proposes alveolar regeneration as a promising therapeutic strategy for IPF.
Continuous neural control of a bionic limb restores biomimetic gait after amputation
Authors: Song Hyungeun , Hsieh Tsung-Han , Yeon Seong Ho , Shu Tony , Nawrot Michael , Landis Christian F. , Friedman Gabriel N. , Israel Erica A. , Gutierrez-Arango Samantha , Carty Matthew J. , Freed Lisa E. , Herr Hugh M.
Published: July 2024

For centuries scientists and technologists have sought artificial leg replacements that fully capture the versatility of their intact biological counterparts. However, biological gait requires coordinated volitional and reflexive motor control by complex afferent and efferent neural interplay, making its neuroprosthetic emulation challenging after limb amputation. Here we hypothesize that continuous neural control of a bionic limb can restore biomimetic gait after below-knee amputation when residual muscle afferents are augmented. To test this hypothesis, we present a neuroprosthetic interface consisting of surgically connected, agonist–antagonist muscles including muscle-sensing electrodes. In a cohort of seven leg amputees, the interface is shown to augment residual muscle afferents by 18% of biologically intact values. Compared with a matched amputee cohort without the afferent augmentation, the maximum neuroprosthetic walking speed is increased by 41%, enabling equivalent peak speeds to persons without leg amputation. Further, this level of afferent augmentation enables biomimetic adaptation to various walking speeds and real-world environments, including slopes, stairs and obstructed pathways. Our results suggest that even a small augmentation of residual muscle afferents restores biomimetic gait under continuous neuromodulation in individuals with leg amputation.
Predicting glycan structure from tandem mass spectrometry via deep learning
Authors: Urban James , Jin Chunsheng , Thomsson Kristina A. , Karlsson Niclas G. , Ives Callum M. , Fadda Elisa , Bojar Daniel
Published: July 2024

Glycans constitute the most complicated post-translational modification, modulating protein activity in health and disease. However, structural annotation from tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) data is a bottleneck in glycomics, preventing high-throughput endeavors and relegating glycomics to a few experts. Trained on a newly curated set of 500,000 annotated MS/MS spectra, here we present CandyCrunch, a dilated residual neural network predicting glycan structure from raw liquid chromatography–MS/MS data in seconds (top-1 accuracy: 90.3%). We developed an open-access Python-based workflow of raw data conversion and prediction, followed by automated curation and fragment annotation, with predictions recapitulating and extending expert annotation. We demonstrate that this can be used for de novo annotation, diagnostic fragment identification and high-throughput glycomics. For maximum impact, this entire pipeline is tightly interlaced with our glycowork platform and can be easily tested at https://colab.research.google.com/github/BojarLab/CandyCrunch/blob/main/CandyCrunch.ipynb. We envision CandyCrunch to democratize structural glycomics and the elucidation of biological roles of glycans.
A Phanerozoic gridded dataset for palaeogeographic reconstructions
Authors: Jones Lewis A. , Domeier Mathew
Published: July 2024

Global Plate Models are widely used in the Earth Sciences to reconstruct the past geographic position of geological and palaeontological samples. However, the application of Global Plate Models to retrieve ‘palaeocoordinates’ is not trivial. Different Global Plate Models exist which vary in their complexity, spatiotemporal coverage, reference frame, and intended use. Consequently, careful consideration of which models are appropriate for any given research question is required. Here, we document and provide access to reconstruction datasets for five Global Plate Models in the palaeomagnetic reference frame. These datasets provide ‘true’ palaeolatitudes for three discrete global grids reconstructed at one-million-year intervals throughout the Phanerozoic (540–0 Ma), offering three key benefits for the Earth Science community: (1) allow users to look up palaeocoordinates for their samples (e.g. fossil occurrences) through simple indexing without having to learn additional software packages; (2) provide palaeocoordinates which have been generated consistently with thorough documentation; (3) provide static files which preserve model output and which can be used to evaluate palaeogeographic differences between Global Plate Models.
Chromosome-level genome assembly of Guide Black-Fur sheep (Ovis aries)
Authors: Lu Zengkui , Yuan Chao , An Xuejiao , Chen Zhixiang , Guo Tingting , Liu Jianbin
Published: July 2024

Guide Black-Fur sheep (GD) is a breed of Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries) that lives in the Qinghai–Tibetan plateau region at an altitude of over 4,000 m. However, a lack of genomic information has made it difficult to understand the high-altitude adaptation of these sheep. We sequenced and assembled the GD reference genome using PacBio, Hi-C, and Illumina sequencing technologies. The final assembled genome size was 2.73 Gb, with a contig N50 of 20.30 Mb and a scaffold N50 of 107.63 Mb. The genome is predicted to contain 20,759 protein-coding genes, of which 98.42 have functional annotations. Repeat elements account for approximately 52.2% of the genomic landscape. The completeness of the GD genome assembly is highlighted by a BUSCO score of 93.1%. This high-quality genome assembly provides a critical resource for future molecular breeding and genetic improvement of Tibetan sheep.
A systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies on coffee consumption and risk of lung cancer
Authors: Jabbari Maedeh , Salari-Moghaddam Asma , Bagheri Amir , Larijani Bagher , Esmaillzadeh Ahmad
Published: July 2024

Studies on the association between coffee consumption and risk of lung cancer have been conflicting. The aim of this study was to systematically review the current evidence on the association between coffee consumption and risk of lung cancer and to quantify this association by performing a meta-analysis. A comprehensive systematic search was performed on online databases up to July 2023 investigating the association between coffee consumption and risk of lung cancer. All prospective cohort studies reporting odds ratios (ORs), rate or risk ratios (RRs), or hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in this context were included. The overall effect size was calculated using the random-effects model and statistical between-studies heterogeneity was examined using Cochrane’s Q test and I2. A total of 14 prospective cohort studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. We found a significant positive association between coffee consumption and risk of lung cancer (RR: 1.28; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.47). This association remained significant when we included a pooled analysis paper and excluded 5 cohort studies (RR: 1.37; 95% CI: 1.12, 1.66). We observed no proof of significant publication bias using Egger’s test (P = 0.58). Moreover, dose–response analysis showed that each one cup/day increase in coffee consumption was related with a 6% higher lung cancer risk (RR: 1.06; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.09). In conclusion, we found a significant positive association between coffee consumption and risk of lung cancer.
Electrical resistivity tomography combined with seismic data estimates heterogeneous distribution of near-seafloor concentrated gas hydrates within gas chimneys
Authors: Ishizu Keiichi , Oda Ayako , Goto Tada-nori , Kasaya Takafumi , Watanabe Toshiki , Machiyama Hideaki
Published: July 2024

Near-seafloor concentrated gas hydrates (GHs) containing large amounts of methane have been identified at various gas chimney sites. Although understanding the spatial distribution of GHs is fundamental for assessing their dissociation impact on aggravating global warming and resource potential, the spatial distribution of GHs within gas chimneys remains unclear. Here, we estimate the subseafloor distribution of GHs at a gas chimney site in the Japan Sea using marine electrical resistivity tomography data. The resulting two-dimensional subseafloor resistivity structure shows high anomalies (10–100 Ωm) within seismically inferred gas chimneys. As the resistivity anomalies are aligned with high amplitude seismic reflections and core positions recovering GHs, we interpret the resistivity anomalies are near-seafloor concentrated GH deposits. We also detect various distribution patterns of the high resistivity anomalies including 100-m wide and 40-m thick anomaly near the seafloor and 500-m wide anomaly buried 50 m below the seafloor, suggesting that GHs are heterogeneously distributed. Therefore, considering such heterogeneous GH distribution within gas chimneys is critical for in-depth assessments of GH environmental impacts and energy resources.
China can enhance its carbon and nitrogen reduction potential by optimizing maize trade across provinces
Authors: Liu Dantong , Song Changchun , Xin Zhuohang , Fang Chong , Liu Zhihong
Published: July 2024

Interregional grain trade affects the environment while balancing supply and demand. However, what relationship exist between national carbon emissions reduction and nitrogen losses reduction in each export region is unclear. Here we used maize as a case study to address this gap by combining life cycle assessment method with linear programming model. We found that interprovincial maize trade can reduce the country’s overall carbon emissions and nitrogen losses. However, the carbon and nitrogen reduction potential varied across exporting provinces. Northeast provinces have great potential to reduce the country’s overall carbon emissions and nitrogen losses via interprovincial maize trade. Northwest provinces increase the overall carbon emissions but reduce the overall nitrogen losses when transferring out maize. Optimizing interprovincial maize trade schemes can further enhance the country’s overall carbon and nitrogen reduction potential. The research results provide a theoretical reference for China to develop carbon neutral and nitrogen reduction trade schemes.
Techno-productive experiences for climate action in Argentina: Insights from renewable energy projects
Authors: Canafoglia Eliana Celeste
Published: July 2024

The main purpose of this research is to analyze techno-productive experiences within the framework of renewable energy projects based on the use and exploitation of solar energy in a region defined by favorable bioclimatic conditions. Following a primarily qualitative method, the research has been based on four case studies of working groups and their experiences. Stakeholders from diverse origin and background, interested in developing their technologies (processes, inputs, components, equipment) for the use of solar energy have managed to enhance the links among such developments, the productive sector and the communities in the territorial area where they carry out their activities. As a possible path of sociotechnical transition, these specific processes materialize energy transition with the progressive change of production and consumption patterns in favor of climate action.
The role of prepulse inhibition in predicting new-onset postpartum depression
Authors: Eriksson Allison , Björvang Richelle D. , Ancker Ebba , Papadopoulos Fotios C. , Poromaa Inger Sundström , Fransson Emma , Skalkidou Alkistis
Published: July 2024

Predictive measures for postpartum depression (PPD), which affects around 12% of childbearing women, would enable early, targeted support. Here we explore prepulse inhibition (PPI), a measure of sensorimotor processing, as a biological tool for prediction of women at risk for PPD. Using data from the longitudinal BASIC study in Uppsala, Sweden, we used PPI measures from late pregnancy and reports on depressive symptoms assessed 6 weeks postpartum with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale to determine the association between pregnancy PPI and PPD. Lower PPI was associated with PPD onset in women who were not depressed during pregnancy. Further studies are encouraged to validate these promising results suggesting PPI as a predictive marker of new-onset PPD.
Applications of artificial intelligence in the analysis of histopathology images of gliomas: a review
Authors: Redlich Jan-Philipp , Feuerhake Friedrich , Weis Joachim , Schaadt Nadine S. , Teuber-Hanselmann Sarah , Buck Christoph , Luttmann Sabine , Eberle Andrea , Nikolin Stefan , Appenzeller Arno , Portmann Andreas , Homeyer André
Published: July 2024

In recent years, the diagnosis of gliomas has become increasingly complex. Analysis of glioma histopathology images using artificial intelligence (AI) offers new opportunities to support diagnosis and outcome prediction. To give an overview of the current state of research, this review examines 83 publicly available research studies that have proposed AI-based methods for whole-slide histopathology images of human gliomas, covering the diagnostic tasks of subtyping (23/83), grading (27/83), molecular marker prediction (20/83), and survival prediction (29/83). All studies were reviewed with regard to methodological aspects as well as clinical applicability. It was found that the focus of current research is the assessment of hematoxylin and eosin-stained tissue sections of adult-type diffuse gliomas. The majority of studies (52/83) are based on the publicly available glioblastoma and low-grade glioma datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and only a few studies employed other datasets in isolation (16/83) or in addition to the TCGA datasets (15/83). Current approaches mostly rely on convolutional neural networks (63/83) for analyzing tissue at 20x magnification (35/83). A new field of research is the integration of clinical data, omics data, or magnetic resonance imaging (29/83). So far, AI-based methods have achieved promising results, but are not yet used in real clinical settings. Future work should focus on the independent validation of methods on larger, multi-site datasets with high-quality and up-to-date clinical and molecular pathology annotations to demonstrate routine applicability.
YTHDC1 m6A-dependent and m6A-independent functions converge to preserve the DNA damage response
Authors: Elvira-Blázquez Daniel , Fernández-Justel José Miguel , Arcas Aida , Statello Luisa , Goñi Enrique , González Jovanna , Ricci Benedetta , Zaccara Sara , Raimondi Ivan , Huarte Maite
Published: July 2024

Cells have evolved a robust and highly regulated DNA damage response to preserve their genomic integrity. Although increasing evidence highlights the relevance of RNA regulation, our understanding of its impact on a fully efficient DNA damage response remains limited. Here, through a targeted CRISPR-knockout screen, we identify RNA-binding proteins and modifiers that participate in the p53 response. Among the top hits, we find the m6A reader YTHDC1 as a master regulator of p53 expression. YTHDC1 binds to the transcription start sites of TP53 and other genes involved in the DNA damage response, promoting their transcriptional elongation. YTHDC1 deficiency also causes the retention of introns and therefore aberrant protein production of key DNA damage factors. While YTHDC1-mediated intron retention requires m6A, TP53 transcriptional pause-release is promoted by YTHDC1 independently of m6A. Depletion of YTHDC1 causes genomic instability and aberrant cancer cell proliferation mediated by genes regulated by YTHDC1. Our results uncover YTHDC1 as an orchestrator of the DNA damage response through distinct mechanisms of co-transcriptional mRNA regulation.
Structural basis for Mis18 complex assembly and its implications for centromere maintenance
Authors: Thamkachy Reshma , Medina-Pritchard Bethan , Park Sang Ho , Chiodi Carla G , Zou Juan , de la Torre-Barranco Maria , Shimanaka Kazuma , Abad Maria Alba , Gallego Páramo Cristina , Feederle Regina , Ruksenaite Emilija , Heun Patrick , Davies Owen R , Rappsilber Juri , Schneidman-Duhovny Dina , Cho Uhn-Soo , Jeyaprakash A Arockia
Published: July 2024

The centromere, defined by the enrichment of CENP-A (a Histone H3 variant) containing nucleosomes, is a specialised chromosomal locus that acts as a microtubule attachment site. To preserve centromere identity, CENP-A levels must be maintained through active CENP-A loading during the cell cycle. A central player mediating this process is the Mis18 complex (Mis18α, Mis18β and Mis18BP1), which recruits the CENP-A-specific chaperone HJURP to centromeres for CENP-A deposition. Here, using a multi-pronged approach, we characterise the structure of the Mis18 complex and show that multiple hetero- and homo-oligomeric interfaces facilitate the hetero-octameric Mis18 complex assembly composed of 4 Mis18α, 2 Mis18β and 2 Mis18BP1. Evaluation of structure-guided/separation-of-function mutants reveals structural determinants essential for cell cycle controlled Mis18 complex assembly and centromere maintenance. Our results provide new mechanistic insights on centromere maintenance, highlighting that while Mis18α can associate with centromeres and deposit CENP-A independently of Mis18β, the latter is indispensable for the optimal level of CENP-A loading required for preserving the centromere identity.
Deductive machine learning models for product identification
Authors: Jin Tianfan , Zhao Qiyuan , Schofield Andrew B. , Savoie Brett M.
Published: July 2024

Machine learning models are developed that emulate the H deductive chemical reasoning processes associated with product identification from analytical spectra.
Cloud point method applied to the extraction and preconcentration of thiabendazole pesticide from whole grape juice samples and amperometric detection by HPLC
Authors: Araújo Vinícius E. , Ribeiro Gabriela C. , De Amorim Kamila P. , Andrade Leonardo S.
Published: July 2024

A method for determination of thiabendazole in whole grape juice by CPE using a chromatographic method coupled to electrochemical sensor was successfully validated.
Wireless asymmetric umpolung electrosynthesis
Authors: Grecchi Sara , Bonczak Bartlomiej , Malacarne Filippo , Salinas Gerardo , Cirilli Roberto , Arnaboldi Serena
Published: July 2024

Electroorganic synthesis has become an exciting tool for the asymmetric conversion of pro-chiral compounds.
Emerging approaches of utilizing trees to produce advanced structural and functional materials
Authors: Fang Siyuan , Hu Yun Hang
Published: July 2024

Various parts of trees can serve as renewable feedstocks for producing advanced structural and functional materials.
A high-performance magnesium/lithium hybrid-ion battery using a hollow multi-layered NiS/Co3S4/carbon cathode and an all-phenyl-complex-based electrolyte
Authors: Liu Jiamin , Zhou Ting , Shen Yun , Li Lixing , Zhu Yajun , Liu Jinyun
Published: July 2024

A magnesium–lithium hybrid battery constructed with a hollow multi-layered NiS/Co3S/carbon cathode and an all-phenyl-complex-based electrolyte is developed, and displays high capacity and good rate performance.
A crown ether embedded responsive π-gelator for transition from a one-component gel to a two-component gel
Authors: Wu Simei , Tao Wei , Wang Tao , Xu Jieqiong , Wei Peifa
Published: July 2024

A novel multiple stimuli-responsive fluorescent π-gelator with crown ether as scaffold enables the transition from a one-component gel to a two-component gel and photo-responsiveness behaviors.
Tailoring parameters for QM/MM simulations: accurate modeling of adsorption and catalysis in zirconium-based metal–organic frameworks
Authors: Kao Yu-Chi , Wang Yi-Ming , Yeh Jyun-Yi , Li Shih-Cheng , Wu Kevin C.-W. , Lin Li-Chiang , Li Yi-Pei
Published: July 2024

This study presents a QM/MM model with tailored parameters that can accurately simulate adsorption and catalysis in Zr-MOFs, achieving good agreement with experimental data for a variety of adsorbates and reactions.
NaGdF4:Dy3+ nanocrystals: new insights into optical properties and energy transfer processes
Authors: Quang Vu Xuan , Thi Hien Nguyen , Thi Luyen Nguyen , Kien Nguyen Trung , Thi Khanh Van Nguyen , Thi Minh Thuy Nguyen , Van Do Phan , Ca Nguyen Xuan
Published: July 2024

NaGdF4:Dy3+ nanocrystals (NCs) have been synthesized using a precipitation technique.
Substituent effects and electron delocalization in five-membered N-heterocycles
Authors: Wieczorkiewicz Paweł A. , Krygowski Tadeusz M. , Szatylowicz Halina
Published: July 2024

The properties of substituents and ring aromaticity are determined by the number and position of endocyclic N atoms – a guide to their electronic structure.
Water-assisted absorption of CO2 by 3-amino-1-propanol: a mechanistic insight
Authors: Rawat Shivam , Ramachandran C. N.
Published: July 2024

The mechanism of the proton transfer in the reaction between CO2 and 3-amino-1-propanol with and without water molecules is investigated quantum-mechanically.
Deep-learning enabled photonic nanostructure discovery in arbitrarily large shape sets via linked latent space representation learning
Authors: Singh Sudhanshu , Kumar Rahul , Panda Soumyashree S. , Hegde Ravi S.
Published: July 2024

A cross-linked autoencoder neural network for photonics nanostructure discovery effectively links geometry and spectra representations. This approach aids in rapid multiple solution inverse design and assessing their fabrication sensitivity.
Emerging investigator series: recent progress on the activation of persulfate by vacancy defect materials: the role of vacancies
Authors: Tang Lingfang , Zhou Daixi , Hu Jiayue , Zhu Mingshan
Published: July 2024

This review summarizes the key roles of various vacancy defects in PS-AOPs and provides insights into the understanding of vacancy defect in persulfate activation to promote the development of PS-AOPs in water treatments.
Two weeks after the 2023 Maui wildfires: drinking water experiences and needs
Authors: Whelton Andrew J. , Coelho Paula D. , Shuler Christopher , Kagawa-Viviani Aurora , Cole Kellie D. P. , Surdyka Stefanie , Heffner Stephanie
Published: July 2024

To understand community impacts and needs after the August 2023 Maui wildfires, we conducted a rapid survey-based field investigation two weeks after the incident.
A graphitic carbon nitride-based efficient nanocomposite: low cost and stupefying photocatalyst for the degradation of tetracycline and As3+ in wastewater
Authors: Haroon Kabir Hussain Badagoppam , UshaVipinachandran Varsha , Bera Santanu , Sithaiyan Vijay , Bhunia Susanta Kumar
Published: July 2024

In this study, graphitic carbon nitride decorated with silver nanoparticles was synthesized to degrade tetracycline and As3+ in wastewater within a short time. In addition, it showed better oil–water separation efficiency.
Removal of calcium from water by zeolites with gravity-driven membrane filtration for water treatment without electricity
Authors: Chae Dowon , Son Kwang Pyo , Kang Seung Mo , Lim Joowan , Lee Hosung , Lee Jin , Lee Seungjin , Park Pyung-Kyu
Published: July 2024

Calcium removal from water can be accomplished by zeolite adsorption combined with gravity-driven membrane filtration. Zeolite size and Si/Al ratio significantly affect calcium removal and membrane filterability.
Advancements in sustainable food packaging: from eco-friendly materials to innovative technologies
Authors: Hussain Shokat , Akhter Raheela , Maktedar Shrikant S.
Published: July 2024

The demand for sustainable food packaging solutions has escalated in response to growing environmental concerns and consumer preferences for eco-friendly products.
Delivery of carbon dioxide to an electrode surface using a nanopipette
Authors: Monteiro Jaimy , Dunne Harry , McKelvey Kim
Published: July 2024

A new scanning probe approach for the delivery of a gas-phase reactant to the surface of an electrocatalyst through a self-replenishing bubble located at the end of a scanning probe has been developed.
Study on the mechanism of mitigating radiation damage by improving the hematopoietic system and intestinal barrier with Tenebrio molitor peptides
Authors: Shang Yuting , Cui Pengfei , Chen Yachun , Zhang Ziqi , Li Siting , Chen Zhou , Ma Aijin , Jia Yingmin
Published: July 2024

Study on the mechanism of mitigating radiation damage by improving hematopoietic function and intestinal barrier function with Tenebrio moiltor peptides
Precise and rapid diagnosis of lung cancer: leveraging laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy with optimized kernel methods in machine learning
Authors: Lin Jingjun , Li Yao , Lin Xiaomei , Che Changjin
Published: July 2024

Kernel methods enabled fast and accurate diagnosis of complex nonlinear lung cancer tumors.
Emulating synaptic plasticity with a poly[N-(3-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)propyl)methacrylamide] memristor
Authors: Panthi Yadu Ram , Pandey Ambika , Šturcová Adriana , Výprachtický Drahomír , Foulger Stephen H. , Pfleger Jiří
Published: July 2024

Poly[N-(3-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)propyl)methacrylamide] film sandwiched between ITO and Au electrodes is able to mimic synaptic plasticity as a fundamental behaviour of neuronal synapses.
Exploring the potential of all-aqueous immiscible systems for preparing complex biomaterials and cellular constructs
Authors: Gonçalves Raquel C. , Oliveira Mariana B. , Mano João F.
Published: July 2024

This review focuses on strategies to fabricate biomaterials, including the ones with higher degree complexity and cell-rich constructs, using all-aqueous immiscible systems and critically discusses their potential, key requirements, and challenges.
A dime a dozen: common structural attributes of 1,2-dimethylimidazolium halide ionic liquids
Authors: Scheuren Marija , Sommers Rachel C. , Boucher Mairead , Carlos Christiane , Hillesheim Patrick C.
Published: July 2024

Comparative studies of dime-based ionic liquids reveal key structural features while demonstrating a lower propensity for hydrate formation than methylimidazolium-based ILs. Structural changes occur upon hydration, impacting interactions.
High resolution observation of a noble-metal/ZnO-QDs/rGO ternary system through an ultra-thin SiNx window using in situ liquid cell scanning electron microscopy
Authors: Liu Yang , Sheng Linfeng , Abdullah Muhammad , Shen Xing , He Ying , Liu Juan , Chen Xin
Published: July 2024

Observation of Au/ZnO QDs/rGO ternary composite solution samples using high-resolution in situ liquid cell SEM.
Mechanistic study of the competition between carbon dioxide reduction and hydrogen evolution reaction and selectivity tuning via loading single-atom catalysts on graphitic carbon nitride
Authors: Foo Joel Jie , Ng Sue-Faye , Xiong Mo , Ong Wee-Jun
Published: July 2024

We computationally screened metal-single-atom catalysts (M-SAC) on carbon nitride for selective CO2 reduction. NiCN significantly lowered the rate-determining potential for CO2 conversion to formic acid via the *OCHO key intermediate.
Doping-mediated excited state dynamics of diphosphine-protected M@Au12 (M = Au, Ir) superatom nanoclusters
Authors: Pei Wei , Hou Lei , Yang Jing , Zhou Si , Zhao Jijun
Published: July 2024

Strong core–shell (Ir–Aun) electronic coupling significantly expands the energy gap, resulting in a weak nonadiabatic coupling matrix element, which in turn increases the carrier lifetime.
Direct synthesis of poly(α-olefin) thermoplastic elastomers via controlled chain straightening using bulky α-diimine palladium complexes
Authors: Wang Hui , Cai Qi , Dai Shengyu
Published: July 2024

This study uses chain-walking bulky α-diimine Pd(ii) complexes for α-olefin homopolymerization, generating TPEs with high MW, varied branching, and excellent strain/recovery, highlighting catalyst structure's impact.
Bimetallic ZnCo-MOF derived porous Ir-doped cobalt oxides for water oxidation with improved activity and stability
Authors: Chen Junliang , Liu Jie , Xu Shaojie , Wu Yi , Ye Yunan , Qian Jinjie
Published: July 2024

This study proposes a precise base-etching process to prepare MOF-derived Ir-doped ZnCo oxides as electrocatalysts with advantages of improved porous nanostructures and in situ formed oxygen vacancies.
In situ formation of CeO2 coupled with hollow NiCo-LDH nanosheets for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Liu Qingyi , Tan Guoying , Long Yu , Wei Jiaxu , Tian Hao , Xie Shiyu , Tang Yu
Published: July 2024

A facile in situ modification strategy was developed to create a unique NiCo-LDH/CeO2 hollow nanosheet. The formation mechanism and photocatalytic hydrogen production performance of the heterostructure catalyst were thoroughly investigated.
Helical polyisocyanide-based macroporous organic catalysts for asymmetric Michael addition with high efficiency and stereoselectivity
Authors: Xu Xun-Hui , Gao Run-Tan , Li Shi-Yi , Zhou Li , Liu Na , Wu Zong-Quan
Published: July 2024

Porous polymer C-poly-3150 with rigid polyisocyanide-carrying secondary amine pendants exhibited excellent catalytic activity and stereoselectivity in asymmetric Michael addition reactions.
Promoting OH* adsorption by defect engineering of CuO catalysts for selective electro-oxidation of amines to nitriles coupled with hydrogen production
Authors: Yang Xu , Wei Enhui , Dong Yuan , Fan Yu , Gao Hongtao , Luo Xiliang , Yang Wenlong
Published: July 2024

CuO nanorod arrays with oxygen vacancies were constructed for selective electro-oxidation of benzylamine to benzonitrile coupled with H2 generation.
Simultaneous reaction- and analytical model building using dynamic flow experiments to accelerate process development
Authors: Sagmeister Peter , Melnizky Lukas , Williams Jason D. , Kappe C. Oliver
Published: July 2024

By making use of a flow standard addition approach and dynamic flow experiments, we present an automated workflow for the fitting of analytical and reaction models, followed by in silico optimization, within one working day.
Structural determinants of collapse by a monomolecular mimic of pulmonary surfactant at the physiological temperature
Authors: Dayeen Fazle R. , Brandner Bret A. , Bu Wei , Hall Stephen B. , Gidalevitz David
Published: July 2024

DPPC and cholesterol form a hexatic phase in a pulmonary surfactant, indicating that long range order is not required for the alveolar film to avoid collapse and sustain very low surface tensions.
Unveiling the impact of oxygen vacancies in engineered bimetallic oxides for enhanced oxygen evolution reaction: insights from experimental and theoretical approaches
Authors: Panneerselvam Pratheep , Singh Chob , Jayaraj Santhosh Kumar , Doulassiramane Thamarainathan , Padmanaban Ramanathan , Samal Akshaya K. , Mohan Sakar , Jadhav Arvind H.
Published: July 2024

In this study, we presented hollow bimetallic mixed oxides of molybdenum and nickel, prepared through a facile polymer-assisted solution process.
Design principles for anode stable solid-state electrolytes
Authors: Pham Tan-Lien , Wang Lin , Ouyang Bin
Published: July 2024

This work presents a comparative study of six types of oxide and halide solid-state electrolytes. It has been demonstrated that the electrochemical stability not only depends on metal species, but alsk the Li content and other factors.
Rationally designed dual cocatalysts on ZnIn2S4 nanoflowers for photoredox coupling of benzyl alcohol oxidation with H2 evolution
Authors: Wei Yu , Wu Yuzheng , Wang Jun , Wu Yong-Hui , Weng Zonglin , Huang Wei-Ya , Yang Kai , Zhang Jia-Lin , Li Qi , Lu Kang-Qiang , Han Bin
Published: July 2024

GR and Ni2P dual cocatalysts modified ZnIn2S4 nanoflower has been prepared and they can simultaneously utilize photogenerated electrons and holes to actuate the oxidation of benzyl alcohol (BA) to benzaldehyde (BAD) integrated with H2 evolution.
CoOOH/CdIn2S4 film photoanodes driving unbiased tandem cells towards simultaneous efficient oxidation of benzyl alcohol and selective generation of ethanol from CO2 reduction
Authors: Wei Yiqing , He Huichao , Yang Shuyuan , Zhang Yongcai , Zhou Xin , Zou Zhigang , Zhou Yong
Published: July 2024

In unbiased tandem cells, the production of C2+ products from CO2 reduction on the cathode is dependent on the effective supply of charge from the photoanode.
Microfluidic-based cardiovascular systems for advanced study of atherosclerosis
Authors: Zheng Huiyuan , Tai Lei , Xu Chengbin , Wang Weijiang , Ma Qingming , Sun Wentao
Published: July 2024

This review summarizes the latest advancements in microfluidic-based cardiovascular systems for AS research, encompassing investigations of the underlying pathogenesis and development of diagnostic methods for efficient therapeutic treatments.
A polymeric 1H/19F dual-modal MRI contrast agent with a snowman-like Janus nanostructure
Authors: Duan Ziwei , Han Jialei , Liu Yadong , Zhao Xinyu , Wang Bo , Cao Shuaishuai , Wu Dalin
Published: July 2024

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has emerged as a pivotal tool in contemporary medical diagnostics, offering non-invasive and high-resolution visualization of internal structures.
Temperature dependent Raman study of antiferromagnetic CrPS4
Authors: Nguyen Manh Hong , Son Suhan , Park Giung , Na Woongki , Park Je-Geun , Cheong Hyeonsik
Published: July 2024

The temperature dependence of the polarized Raman spectrum of antiferromagnetic CrPS4 suggests a correlation between the phonon modes and the magnetic phase transition.
Boosting green EMI shielding and piezoelectric energy generation by defect-driven microstructure manipulation
Authors: Singh Prem Pal , Nair Rohit S. , Khatua Bhanu Bhusan
Published: July 2024

Doping-induced defects can improve piezoelectric performance by increasing the d33 value of the 5-GLNPS device, while also improving magnetic and dielectric properties to regulate green EMI shielding in segregated PDMS/GNLKN/SWCNT composites.
Differential changes in end organ immune cells and inflammation in salt-sensitive hypertension: effects of lowering blood pressure
Authors: Navaneethabalakrishnan Shobana , Goodlett Bethany L. , Smith Hannah L. , Cardenas Alyssa , Burns Asia , Mitchell Brett M.
Published: July 2024

We reported that salt-sensitive hypertension (SSHTN) is associated with increased pro-inflammatory immune cells, inflammation, and inflammation-associated lymphangiogenesis in the kidneys and gonads of male and female mice. However, it is unknown whether these adverse end organ effects result from increased blood pressure (BP), elevated levels of salt, or both. We hypothesized that pharmaceutically lowering BP would not fully alleviate the renal and gonadal immune cell accumulation, inflammation, and lymphangiogenesis associated with SSHTN. SSHTN was induced in male and female C57BL6/J mice by administering nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME; 0.5 mg/ml) in their drinking water for 2 weeks, followed by a 2-week washout period. Subsequently, the mice received a 3-week 4% high salt diet (SSHTN). The treatment group underwent the same SSHTN induction protocol but received hydralazine (HYD; 250 mg/L) in their drinking water during the diet phase (SSHTN+HYD). Control mice received tap water and a standard diet for 7 weeks. In addition to decreasing systolic BP, HYD treatment generally decreased pro-inflammatory immune cells and inflammation in the kidneys and gonads of SSHTN mice. Furthermore, the decrease in BP partially alleviated elevated renal and gonadal lymphatics and improved renal and gonadal function in mice with SSHTN. These data demonstrate that high systemic pressure and salt differentially act on end organ immune cells, contributing to the broader understanding of how BP and salt intake collectively shape immune responses and highlight implications for targeted therapeutic interventions.
Analysis of protection blinding in active distribution grids
Authors: Patil Amit Dilip , Ghasemi Abdorasoul , de Meer Hermann
Published: July 2024

Protection blinding is a challenging issue in renewables‐penetrated distribution grids and refers to a situation where a circuit breaker may not trip due to fault current contribution from distributed generation. This research addresses how the distributed generation location and capacity impact the operation of the circuit breaker in terms of the response time of the circuit breakers. The relative electrical distances of the faults and distributed generation to the circuit breakers are considered. The impact of distributed generation capacity considering the fault location is characterized using a new index called the heterogeneity index. The electrical distance between distributed generations and circuit breakers and the electrical distance between fault and circuit breaker is considered by a second new index called the electrical distance ratio. Data analysis on simulation results shows that these indices capture the phenomena of protection blinding caused by distributed generation. Results show that a higher distributed generation penetration and faults that are electrically further away from a circuit breaker show severe cases of protection blinding captured by the indices. Furthermore, it is demonstrated how these indices can identify the worst impacted locations in the distribution grid. A key result is that protection blinding does not necessarily occur solely due to the presence of distributed generation between a circuit breaker and a fault, but is dependent on factors such as distributed generation location in the distribution grid, fault level, fault level distribution across the generation units and fault location.
Exploring the unexpected: Disharmonized harmonic pulsation modes in high-amplitude δ Scuti stars
Authors: Xue Hui-Fang , Niu Jia-Shu
Published: July 2024

Harmonics are a ubiquitous feature across various pulsating stars. They are traditionally viewed as mere replicas of the independent primary pulsation modes and have thus been excluded from asteroseismological models. Recent research, however, has uncovered a significant discrepancy: in high-amplitude δ Scuti (HADS) stars, harmonics exhibit uncorrelated variations in amplitude and frequency relative to their independent primary pulsation modes. The nature of these disharmonized harmonics is a question of critical importance. In our study we analysed five triple-mode HADS stars observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and discovered some pervasive patterns of disharmonized harmonics in both the fundamental (f0) and first overtone (f1) pulsation modes. Intriguingly, through an in-depth frequency interaction analysis of V1393 Cen, we identified 2f1 as an independent pulsation mode, distinct from f1, and identified it as the progenitor of the frequency variations observed in 3f1, 4f1, 5f1, and 6f1. Similar behaviour can be found in DO CMi and GSC 06047-00749, in which 2f1 and 3f1 are the independent pulsation modes, respectively. Notably, we found an interesting pattern when decomposing the harmonics that might suggest a generation process of harmonics. These findings serve as a new window on the research of harmonics, which remains a hidden corner of contemporary asteroseismology.