bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Pup production of Harp Seals in the Northwest Atlantic in 2017 during a time of ecosystem change
Authors: Stenson Garry , Gosselin Jean- François , Lawson John , Buren Alejandro , Goulet Pierre , Lang Shelley , Nilssen Kjell Tormod , Hammill Mike
Published: August 2022

Photographic and visual aerial surveys were conducted off Newfoundland and Labrador (”the Front”), and in the Gulf of St. Lawrence (“Gulf”) in March 2017 to estimate pup production of Northwest Atlantic harp seals (Pagophilus groenlandicus). Traditionally, harp seals pup (whelp) in three general areas; the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence, the northern Gulf of St. Lawrence, and off the east coast of Newfoundland and Labrador. After extensive reconnaissance, four whelping areas were identified: one in each of the southern and northern Gulf, and two at the Front. We estimated a total pup production in 2017 of 746,500 (SE=89,900, CV=12%), the lowest since 1994. Most (96%) pups were born at the Front (714,600 pups, SE=89,700). Very few pups were born in the southern Gulf (18,300, SE=1,500) and no whelping concentrations were observed prior to March 5, approximately one week later than previously observed. This is far lower than the 2012 survey estimate of 115,500 (SE=15,100) for the same area. Pup production in the northern Gulf was also lower than in previous years, at 13,600 (SE=3,000). The timing of births in the southern Gulf was much later than normal in 2017, and unusually early pupping at the Front suggests that some females from the Gulf herd may have moved to the Front to whelp due to a lack of ice suitable for pupping (i.e., thin first year) in the Gulf. Harp seals whelp in large concentrations. While one large whelping concentration formed at the Front, approximately 15% of the pupping at the Front occurred in small, dispersed groups which formed later than observed in previous years. Given the unusual ice conditions, distribution of whelping seals, and timing of pupping, assessing the results of the 2017 surveys relative to other estimates of pup production in the Northwest Atlantic is challenging and indicates the ongoing difficulties of assessing a population that is being impacted by climate change.
The use of synthetic agonists of quorum sensing N- acyl homoserine lactone pathway improves the bioleaching ability in Acidithiobacillus and Pseudomonas bacteria
Authors: Caicedo Juan Carlos , Villamizar Sonia , Orlandoni Giampaolo
Published: August 2022

Metal solubilization from discarded electrical material and electronic devices (e-waste) using the bioleaching capabilities of bacterial cells is highly effective. However, gaps in understanding about the microbiological processes involved in the bioleaching reaction leads to less efficient metal solubilization in large-scale e-waste processing. In this study, bacterial species belonging to the genera Acidithiobacillus and Pseudomonas were used to leach copper and gold from discarded printed circuit boards (PCB). Through modulation of the cell-to-cell communication system in these bacteria, phenotypic traits directly involved in the bioleaching reaction were regulated in order to improve the metal solubilization. Addition of the long chain synthetic autoinducer molecule N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) of the quorum sensing pathway to the bioleaching reaction resulted in a significant enhancement of metal extraction from PCB. Factors such as: cell attachment to PCB, biofilm formation and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production were regulated by the quorum sensing system and could be directly related to the improvement of metal bioleaching. Bioleaching reactions using bacterial quorum sensing modulation could represent a valuable tool in overcoming limitations at the industrial level imposed by microbiological traits that lead to inefficient metal bioleaching from e-waste.
Application of plasma metabolome for monitoring the effect of rivaroxaban in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation
Authors: Zhao Mindi , Liu Xiaoyan , Bu Xiaoxiao , Li Yao , Wang Meng , Zhang Bo , Sun Wei , Li Chuanbao
Published: August 2022

Rivaroxaban, an oral factor Xa inhibitor, has been used to treating a series of thromboembolic disorders in clinical practice. Measurement of the anticoagulant effect of rivaroxaban is important to avoid serious bleeding events, thus ensuring the safety and efficacy of drug administration. Metabolomics could help to predict differences in the responses among patients by profiling metabolites in biosamples. In this study, plasma metabolomes before and 3 hours after rivaroxaban intake in 150 nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients and 100 age/gender-matched controls were analyzed by liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS). When compared with controls, a total of thirteen plasma metabolites were differentially expressed in the NVAF patients. Pathway analysis revealed that purine and lipid metabolism were dysregulated. A panel of three metabolites (17a-ethynylestradiol, tryptophyl-glutamate and adenosine) showed good predictive ability to distinguish nonvalvular atrial fibrillation with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 1 for the discovery phase and 1 for validation. Under rivaroxaban treatment, a total of seven metabolites changed, the lipid and glycosylphosphatidylinositol biosynthesis pathways were altered and the panel consisting of avocadene, prenyl glucoside and phosphatidylethanolamine showed predictive ability with an AUC of 0.86 for the discovery dataset and 0.82 for the validation. The study showed that plasma metabolomic analyses hold the potential to differentiate nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and can help to monitor the effect of rivaroxaban anticoagulation.
Intensive Case Finding of Tuberculosis and Diabetes Mellitus-Bidirectional Screening of Patients Attending a Tertiary Teaching Hospital in Rural Telangana, India
Authors: Sannithi Kiranmai , Singh Tashita , Angali Neelima , Prasad Raghuram , Sureka Rajive Kumar
Published: August 2022

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) is a communicable disease of global public health threat. Poor and vulnerable populations are mainly affected with it. In association with Diabetes Mellitus (DM), TB may get worsen as increased relapse rates, delayed sputum culture conversion, increase in the case fatality rates etc. Conversely, TB may increase the incidence of DM, and worsen glycaemic control in diabetes patients. Aim: To study the effectiveness of bidirectional screening for TB and DM in rural hospital. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional cohort study conducted at Medicine and Pulmonology department of MediCiti Institute of Medical Sciences (MIMS) for a period of nine months in June 2019-February 2020. All TB patients were screened for DM and vice versa. All TB patients were followed-up for treatment outcome of TB and all DM patients were followed-up for glycaemic control. Relative risk was calculated using incidence of outcome or control of disease in TB with DM patients to TB patients and DM with TB patients to DM patients. Results: Of 256 TB patients, 38 (14.8%) were TB with DM cases. All 256 patients were followed-up for TB treatment outcome, 100% TB patients without DM had recovery, whereas 97.3% TB patients with DM had recovery after two months of therapy. Relative risk of DM on TB outcome was 0.97. Of 256 DM patients screened, 9 (3.5%) had been newly diagnosed with TB. All 256 people were followed-up for impact on glycaemic control. Relative risk of TB on glycemic control was 1.87. Conclusion: Bidirectional screening would potentially improve care and prevention of TB and DM.
Dairy Farmers in Uttar Pradesh, India: Issues and Approaches
Authors: Yadav Bhartendu , Kumar Birendra , Tomer Gaurav , Choudhri H. P. Singh , Kumar Ajeet
Published: August 2022

A purposive cum random sampling technique was adopted to study a sample of 270 dairy farmers in district Sant Kabir Nagar of Uttar Pradesh. It was all done to get acquainted with the constraints associated with the dairy respondents. Lack of technical knowledge and modern practices were found missing in the study area. the farmers showed desire to get services, infrastructure along with services of experts of concerned area so that they can get aware of modern techniques and make farm business successful.
Type 2 Autoimmune Hepatitis Triggered by Hepatitis A Virus: A Case Report
Authors: Hachim Ghita , Ourrai Abdelhakim , Radi Abdelilah , Lamalmi Najat , Abilkassem Rachid , Mohtarim Rihane El , Hassani Amal , Agadr Aomar
Published: August 2022

Autoimmune Hepatitis (AIH) pathogenesis is still unknown. However, among patients who have a genetic susceptibility, some viral infections appear to be triggers for AIH.

We report a case of a child who developed type 2 autoimmune hepatitis as a result of HEPATITIS A Virus (HAV) infection.

An 8-year-old female who was diagnosed with hepatitis A three years ago and was cured after three months. She developed jaundice and epistaxis a few years later.

Complementary tests revealed polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, antinuclear and anti-LC1 antibodies, and hepatocyte necrotico-inflammatory lesions in a liver biopsy. The diagnosis of type 2 autoimmune hepatitis was kept.

A remission was obtained under corticosteroid and azathioprine treatment.

In cases of persistent HAV infection, AIH should be investigated so that therapy can start earlier. To prevent more serious complications, AIH patients should also receive the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and HAV vaccines.
Effect on Organic Manure and Inorganic Fertilizers on Productivity Parameters and Quality Traits of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Central Plain Zone of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Sirohiya Abhishek , Kumar Anil , Pathak R. K. , Sachan Ravindra , Tiwari Abhishek , Nema Saumya , Yadav Abhishek Singh , Singh Ashish Kumar
Published: August 2022

A field trial was conducted on sandy loam soil having low status of organic carbon and accessible nitrogen, medium in accessible phosphorous and high in accessible potassium at pot house of department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry of C.S.A.U.A&T, Kanpur (campus) under Indo-Gangetic Plain zone of Uttar Pradesh, amid Rabi season of 2021-22. The experiment comprised of 9 treatment combinations in randomized block design with three replications. Wheat variety K-1006 was grown with the recommended agronomic practices. Recommended dose of fertilizer (R.D.F.) i.e., NPK @ 120:60:40 ha-1 and FYM @ 10 ton ha-1 were applied. On the premise of the comes about exuded from the present investigation, it might be concluded that application of 100% RDF+FYM+ S20+ Zn5 (T9) significantly recorded maximum grain yield, straw yield, biological yield and harvest index viz. 57.65 q ha-1, 88.20 q ha-1, 145.85 q ha-1 and 39.52 % respectively. And among the quality traits maximum protein content 12.75 % and lysine content 3.10 % was recorded also associated with application of 100% RDF+FYM+ S20+ Zn5 (T9). The present investigation clearly points out the significance of balanced use of nutrients including FYM in wheat for improving the productivity and quality of wheat crop.
Sexual Behavior and Risky Practices among Adults Living with HIV/AIDS in Bayelsa State, Nigeria
Authors: Ofurum Ifeoma C. , Mba Onyinye G.
Published: August 2022

Background: HIV/AIDS remains a public health challenge with an estimated 37.9 million persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) globally. Risky sexual behaviours/practices among PLWHA increase the likelihood of co-infection and further spread of infection. Understanding the pattern of these behaviours will aid in the modelling of campaigns to control further spread of infection.

Aim: To examine sexual behaviour and risky practices among adults living with HIV in Bayelsa State, Nigeria.

Methodology: Six hundred (600) participants were recruited for this cross-sectional study from the HIV/AIDS clinics at Federal Medical Centre (FMC), Yenagoa, and Otuasega Cottage Hospital, Ogbia in Bayelsa State, after obtaining informed consent. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data comprising socio-demographic characteristics and the sexual activities/behaviour of the respondents in this study. The data obtained from the study were analyzed and presented as frequencies and percentages.

Results: Most of the respondents reported sexual intercourse 532(88.7%) 3 months to study. Sexual intercourse with casual partners 20(3.8%), multiple sexual partners 72(12%), and sex workers 2(0.4%) were observed among the respondents. Regular use of condoms during sex was reported by 63(11.8%), while 200(37.6%) sometimes, 96(18.0%) rarely, and 173(32.5%) never. A recent treatment of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) was reported by 115(19.2%). Alcohol use before sex was reported by 218(36.3%). Overall, 253(42.2%) of the respondents engaged in at least one form of risky sexual behaviour.

Conclusion: There is a preponderance of risky sexual behaviour/practices among PLWHA in Bayelsa State that may account for coinfection with STI as well as increase HIV/AIDS transmission.
RACIONALIZAÇÃO E MONETARIZAÇÃO: categorias da globalização
Authors: Do Valle Ulisses
Published: August 2022

Este artigo procura analisar alguns aspectos de uma dimensão central do fenômeno frequentemente conhecido como globalização. Trata-se de entender a economia monetária global à luz de duas categorias fundamentais da sociologia: racionalização (Max Weber) e monetarização (Georg Simmel). A partir disso, apresentaremos algumas ideias do sociólogo franco-suíço Aldo Haesler, no que toca às consequências da eletronização dos fluxos monetários que está na base da globalização. Entre outros aspectos, Haesler nos chama a atenção ao correlacionar, de maneira sistemática, três aspectos fundamentais associados à economia monetária global: a invisibilização do dinheiro, a indolorização do sacrifício efetuado nas trocas econômicas, e a dissolução do esquema reciprocitário da ação.Palavras-Chave: Racionalização; Monetarização; Dinheiro; Globalização; Aldo HaeslerRATIONALIZATION AND MONETIZATION: categories of globalizationABSTRACTThis article aims to analyze some aspects of central dimension in the phenomenon often known as globalization. The main objective is to understand the global monetary economy according to two fundamental categories of sociology: rationalization (Max Weber) and monetization (Georg Simmel). Based on this, we will present some ideas of the French-Swiss sociologist Aldo Haesler regarding the consequences of the electronization of monetary flow that is in the bases of globalization. Among other aspects, Haesler draws attention to the systematic correlation of three fundamental aspects associated with the global monetary economy: the invisibility of money, the painlessness of the sacrifice made in economic exchanges, and the dissolution of the reciprocal scheme of action.Key words: Rationalization; Monetization; Money; globalization; Aldo HaeslerRATIONALISATION ET MONÉTARISATION: catégories de la mondialisationABSTRACTCet article se veut d’analyser certains aspects de la dimension centrale du phénomène souvent connu sous le nom de mondialisation. Il s’agit de comprendre l’économie monétaire mondiale à la lumière de deux catégories fondamentales de la sociologie: la rationalisation (Max Weber) et la monétarisation (Georg Simmel). Sur cette base, nous présenterons quelques idées du sociologue franco-suisse Aldo Haesler, concernant les conséquences de la digitalisation des flux monétaires qui est à la base de la mondialisation. Haesler attire l’attention, entre autres, sur la corrélation systématique de trois aspects fondamentaux associés à l’économie monétaire mondiale: l’argent invisible, le sacrifice indolore dans les échanges économiques et la dissolution du schéma d’action réciproque.Key words: Rationalisation; Monétarisation; Argent; Mondialisation; Aldo Haesler
Asymmetric Coupled Dual‐Atom Sites for Selective Photoreduction of Carbon Dioxide to Acetic Acid
Authors: Jia Guangri , Sun Mingzi , Wang Ying , Shi Yanbiao , Zhang Lizhi , Cui Xiaoqiang , Huang Bolong , Yu Jimmy C.
Published: August 2022

Photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to value‐added liquid fuels is a promising approach to alleviate the global energy and environmental problems. However, highly selective production of C2+ products from CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is very difficult because of the sluggish CC coupling reaction. An asymmetric coupled heteronuclear photocatalyst is designed to overcome this limitation. The new catalyst contains single atoms of nickel and cobalt loaded on titanium dioxide. It exhibits an impressive 71% selectivity for acetic acid. The experimental data and theoretical calculations reveal that the Ni and Co single atom sites not only significantly lower the energy barrier of electron transfer in photocatalysis but also efficiently promote the CC coupling toward CH3COOH. The high activity of such a heteronuclear catalyst system will shed light on the future development of effective materials for CO2RR.
Functional MXene‐Based Materials for Next‐Generation Rechargeable Batteries
Authors: Zheng Chao , Yao Yu , Rui Xianhong , Feng Yuezhan , Yang Dan , Pan Hongge , Yu Yan
Published: August 2022

MXenes are seen as an exceptional candidate to reshape the future of energy with their viable surface chemistry, ultrathin 2D structure, and excellent electronic conductivity. The extensive research efforts bring about rapid expansion of the MXene families with enriched functionalities, which significantly boost performance of the existing energy‐storage devices. In this review, the strategies that are developed to functionalize the MXene‐based materials, including tailoring their microstructure by ions/molecules/polymers‐initiated interaction or self‐assembly, surface/interface engineering with dopants or functional groups, constructing heterostructures from MXenes with various materials, and transforming them into a series of derivatives inheriting the merits of the MXene precursors are highlighted. Their applications in emerging battery technologies are demonstrated and discussed. With delicate functionalization and structural engineering, MXene‐based electrode materials exhibit improved specific capacity and rate capability, and their presence further suppresses and even eliminates dendrite formation on the metal anodes, which lengthens the lifespan of the rechargeable batteries. Meanwhile, MXenes serve as additives for electrolytes, separators, and current collectors. Finally, some future directions worth of exploration to address the remaining challenging issues of MXene‐based materials and achieve the next‐generation high‐power and low‐cost rechargeable batteries are proposed.
Probing deep to express root‐zone enrichment of soil‐test biological activity on southeastern U.S. farms
Authors: Franzluebbers Alan J.
Published: August 2022

Soil organic carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) accumulation contributes to improved soil health condition, particularly after a history of tillage‐intensive land use. Soil‐test biological activity (STBA) is an active fraction of organic matter that is responsive to conservation management. This essay summarizes the need, concept, and method of calculating root‐zone enrichment of STBA and other organic C and N fractions on private farms. Calculation of root‐zone enrichment separates the pedogenic influence on organic matter content from that of contemporary management. This separation is particularly important when attempting to determine STBA or soil organic C stock change in response to management across variable landscapes. Reasonable farm‐level estimates of STBA and stocks of soil organic C and N can be obtained from one to two dozen sampling sites on farms with differences in land use, a process that could help propel in‐depth assessments of soil health condition and C stock change.
Impact of cobalt catalyst carburization on Fischer‐Tropsch micro‐kinetics
Authors: Hazemann Paul , Schweitzer Jean‐Marc , Decottignies Dominique , Maury Sylvie , Humbert Séverine , Schuurman Yves
Published: August 2022

Recent models of the Fischer‐Tropsch synthesis are able to predict quite accurately the catalyst's initial activity and selectivity. However, these micro‐kinetic models rarely consider the performance loss with time on stream and in particular the heavy product selectivity loss. In this study, a deactivation model at the micro‐kinetic scale is proposed to represent the effect of carburization on Fischer‐Tropsch catalysts performances. Comparison of different mechanisms revealed that termination reactions were the most affected by cobalt carbide formation, before reactants adsorption or chain growth. Both activity and selectivity decline could be accurately described using linear and second‐order power laws expressions of active sites concentration and termination kinetic rate constants. The obtained model predicts a monotonous evolution of activity and selectivities from 10% to 80% carburization, above which an important increase of olefin selectivity is observed. The model did not indicate any change of the surface coverages after carburization.
Parasites as tags for stock identification of a highly exploited vulnerable skate Dipturus brevicaudatus (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae) in the south‐western Atlantic Ocean, a complementary tool for its conservation
Authors: Irigoitia Manuel M. , Levy Eugenia , Canel Delfina , Timi Juan T.
Published: August 2022

Populations of chondrichthyans are particularly sensitive to elevated fishing mortality due to their low reproductive potential and very low population growth.

Dipturus brevicaudatus is a common and endemic skate from waters of Argentina and is frequently caught as by‐catch and is therefore extremely vulnerable to commercial fishing. There are signs of overfishing in both the northern and southern Argentine Sea and the species has been classified as ‘Vulnerable’ by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.

A parasitological examination of 96 skates revealed 1,913 individual macroparasites belonging to 18 species and one myxozoan. Three parasite species were long‐lived and were suitable biological tags, resulting in statistically significant differences between North Patagonic and both Buenos Aires and South Patagonic regions and therefore can be used to identify stocks of D. brevicaudatus. The inclusion of short‐lived parasites in the analyses suggested the existence of three stocks.

Parasite assemblages from the northern Argentine Sea (Buenos Aires, Argentine biogeographical province) and from Patagonian waters (North and South Patagonic, Magellanic biogeographical province) varied in terms of parasite infracommunity species richness and the relative abundance of parasite guilds.

Using parasites to infer the existence of three stocks of D. brevicaudatus provides the basis to help establishing management and recovery strategies to preserve the diversity of this vulnerable skate in the south‐west Atlantic Ocean.

Due to the low host specificity of the long‐lived parasite tags, there is potential to extend this methodology to other skate species that are commercially exploited in the region, whose population structures remain unknown.
Constructing Low‐Solvation Electrolytes for Next‐Generation Lithium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Liu Jipeng , Yuan Botao , Dong Liwei , Zhong Shijie , Ji Yuanpeng , Liu Yuanpeng , Han Jiecai , Yang Chunhui , He Weidong
Published: August 2022

The realization of high‐concentration electrolytes (HCEs) is a benchmark breakthrough attributed to the modification of cation aggregation, which owns technical advantages over the widely used conventional electrolytes. Due to the high cost brought by the large amount of lithium (Li) salts, high viscosity, low Li+ conductivity, and wettability of the HCE system, the concept of localized HCEs (LHCEs) is proposed to improve the aforementioned shortcomings without affecting the performances of high‐energy‐density batteries. Nevertheless, the effect factors of the weakly solvated structure of LHCEs have not been summarized, so it is urgent to conclude this direction to further survey the low‐solvation structure and properties. Hence, for the first time we offer a comprehensive and distinct overview on the electrolyte development, strategies for constructing low‐solvation structure, and scientific perspectives for lithium‐ion batteries, especially by focusing on the binding energies between cation and solvents, solvation and de‐solvation process, structure of novel solvents, and selection of Li salts. Emphasis is placed on the relevance of constructing low‐solvation structure and forming electrode/electrolyte interphases, and new insights into weakly solvated electrolytes associated with efficient solid electrolyte interphase and cathode electrolyte interphase layers are presented for developing next‐generation lithium‐ion batteries.
Association between diabetes duration and 1‐year prognosis of stroke: A national registry study
Authors: Zhang Yanli , Jin Aoming , Meng Xia , Wang Mengxing , Li Hao , Pan Yuesong , Wang Yongjun
Published: August 2022

Background and purpose

Diabetes mellitus is a strong independent risk factor for stroke recurrence. However, the association between diabetes duration and the prognosis of stroke remains uncertain. We aimed to characterize whether an association exists between diabetes duration and stroke outcomes in patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA).

Methods

Between 2015 and 2018, 14,674 patients with ischemic stroke or TIA within 7 days and older than 18 years from the Third China National Stroke Registry (CNSR‐III) were included in this analysis. Diabetes duration at baseline was collected by face‐to‐face interviews and further categorized into groups of without diabetes, diabetes < 4, 4 to <8 and ≥8 years. The association between diabetes duration and clinical outcomes, including stroke recurrence, poor function outcome (modified Rankin Scale score of 3–6), and all‐cause mortality at the 1‐year follow‐up after stroke onset, was evaluated by a multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression model, competing risk model and logistic regression model with adjustment for demographic and clinical features.

Results

Among the 14,674 patients included, the average age was 62.0 years, and 68.5% were male. There were 1419 (9.7%) patients who had stroke recurrence, 1912 (13.0%) who had poor function outcome, and 478 (3.3%) who had all‐cause mortality at the 1‐year follow‐up. After adjusting for potential covariates, a diabetes duration ≥8 years was associated with an increased risk of 1‐year stroke recurrence (adjusted hazards ratio [HR], 1.31; 95% CI, 1.05–1.64; p = .02) in comparison to those without Diabetes mellitus. Using a competing risk regression model, a diabetes duration ≥8 years was a significant risk factor for stroke recurrence (HR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.12–1.53). In contrast, there was no significant association between diabetes duration < 4, 4 to <8 years and clinical outcomes.

Conclusions

Long‐term diabetes duration (≥8 years), but not short‐term diabetes duration, was associated with an increased risk of 1‐year stroke recurrence in patients with ischemic stroke or TIA.
TACE versus TARE for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: Overall and individual patient level meta analysis
Authors: Brown Andrew M. , Kassab Ihab , Massani Marco , Townsend Whitney , Singal Amit G. , Soydal Cigdem , Moreno‐Luna Laura , Roberts Lewis R. , Chen Vincent L. , Parikh Neehar D.
Published: August 2022

Background

Transarterial radioembolization (TARE) is increasingly used as an alternative to transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We aimed to perform an overall and individual patient data (IPD) meta‐analysis of studies comparing TACE and TARE.

Methods

We performed a systematic literature search using pre‐specified keywords with the aid of an informationist for articles from inception to 3/2020. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), and the secondary endpoint was time to progression (TTP).

Results

Seventeen studies met inclusion criteria with 2465 unique patients, with one randomized trial, 4 prospective studies and 12 retrospective studies. Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage B (42.8%) was the most common stage followed by BCLC A (30.3%) and BCLC C (29.0%). There was no difference in OS between the two modalities (−0.55 months, 95% CI −1.95 to 3.05). In three studies with available TTP data, TARE resulted in a longer TTP than TACE (mean TTP 17.5 vs. 9.8 months; mean TTP difference 4.8 months, 95% CI 1.3–8.3 months). IPD‐level meta‐analysis of 311 patients from three studies showed no difference in overall OS between the two modalities including among subgroups stratified by tumor stage and liver function. Limitations of the current literature include inconsistent length of follow‐up, inconsistency in response criteria, and safety reporting.

Conclusions

Current data suggest TARE provides significantly longer TTP than TACE, although the two treatments do not significantly differ in terms of OS. Given limitations of the current data, there is rationale for prospective studies comparing these modalities.
Improved heart failure after closure of arteriovenous fistula
Authors: Samsone Vilte Gabriele , Rimsevicius Laurynas , Kantauskaite Marta , Sukackiene Diana , Janusaite Marta Monika , Vaisnyte Birute , Miglinas Marius
Published: August 2022

The population of patients with end‐stage renal disease is rapidly growing and hemodialysis remains the most common treatment option. We present a case of a young patient with arteriovenous fistula (AVF)‐related heart failure, and a review of the main hemodynamic changes after AVF formation and ligation procedures.
Severe pulmonary hemorrhage in a 3‐week‐old neonate with COVID‐19 infection: A case report
Authors: Alassaf Anood , Ellithy Khaled , Mehta Tejas , Aljbawi Walid , Ali Hossamaldein , Soliman Ashraf , Al Amri Mohammed , Nashwan Abdulqadir J.
Published: August 2022

Our patient is a 3‐week‐old female neonate, presented with complaints of low‐grade fever and a congested nose for one day. Eventually, she developed progressive desaturation, hypotension, and poor perfusion due to severe pulmonary hemorrhage. Then, she developed cardiac arrest and was declared dead.
First report of novel mutation (c.790del) on SQSTM1 gene on a family with childhood onset of progressive cerebellar ataxia with vertical gaze palsy
Authors: Jalali Hossein , Khoshaeen Atefeh , Mahdavi Mohammad Reza , Mahdavi Mahan
Published: August 2022

SQSTM1 gene encodes a protein called p62 that acts as an autophagy receptor in the degradation of protein molecules. A homozygous deletion variant that changes the frame shift in the SQSTM1 gene named c.790 Del A .T was detected in case childhood onset and progressive neurodegeneration with ataxia, and gaze palsy.
Under‐deployed TAVI with occluded left‐main and severe aortic regurgitation; bailout chimney‐in‐chimney stenting and aggressive postdilatation saves the day
Authors: Athauda‐arachchi Pandula
Published: August 2022

Narrow calcific aortic roots with low coronary heights present challenges for a successful trans‐catheter aortic valve replacement. We describe a case where pre‐emptive coronary protection and chimney stent‐in‐stent procedure was successfully performed during a cardiac arrest secondary to coronary occlusion and restricted TAVI valve deployment in such an anatomy.
Simultaneous testicle and epididymis vasculitis revealing granulomatosis with polyangiitis
Authors: Kechida Melek , Ktari Kamel , Jellazi Mohamed , Mesfar Rym , Khochtali Ines , Saad Hammadi , Njim Leila
Published: August 2022

Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is a systemic necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis, which predominantly affects small‐sized blood vessels. We aimed to report a case of GPA involving testicles and epididymis taken for malignancy. A 75‐year‐old patient was admitted for a painful left testicular mass. There was no extra urogenital manifestations on examination and the workup was unremarkable. Histological findings after orchidectomy revealed granulomatous inflammation of the testis and epididymis with fibrinoid necrosis and necrotic vasculitis consisting with the diagnosis of GPA. Further investigations regarding ear, nose, throat, pulmonary, and renal involvement were negative. Proteinase 3 antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (PR3‐ANCA) test was negative. Furthermore, infectious diseases especially tuberculosis were ruled out. Based on histopathological findings, limited GPA was diagnosed. The patient was treated with methotrexate and prednisone with good outcome. There was no relapse after 1 year of follow‐up. Isolated urogenital involvement may occur at the onset of GPA and can be taken for malignancy. Histopathological findings are the gold standard for the diagnosis. Treatment is based on steroids and immunosuppressive drugs.
Broad ligament pregnancy case, the ectopic gestational sac was very close to the ureter
Authors: Gao Jie , Wang Yu
Published: August 2022

A broad ligament pregnancy had been managed by laparoscopy. A 2‐cm ectopic pregnancy sac was located in the posterior lobe of the left broad ligament. We identified and separated the ipsilateral ureter during the operation because the ectopic gestational sac was very close to the ureter.
Incidental discovery of a Hodgkin lymphoma synchronous to a papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Ben Thayer Maissa , Khanchel Fatma , Helal Imen , Chiboub Dorra , Ben Lazreg Khouloud , Hedhli Raweh , Ben Brahim Ehsen , Jouini Raja , Cheddli‐Debbich Aschraf
Published: August 2022

Papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common type of thyroid cancer and accounts for almost 89.4% of all thyroid carcinomas. Hodgkin lymphoma is a heterogeneous group of neoplasms and represents 10% of lymphomas. These two cancers do not share the same risk factors. Some studies have reported the association of thyroid papillary carcinoma with lymphomas, mainly Hodgkin's lymphoma, treated with radiotherapy. However, to our knowledge less than 10 cases have illustrated synchronous papillary thyroid carcinoma and Hodgkin lymphoma with no history of radiotherapy. We present the case of a 49‐year‐old female patient, with no history of past exposure to radiation, who was incidentally diagnosed with Hodgkin lymphoma during the work up for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Our patient had total thyroïdectomy with cervical lymphadenectomy. The histopathologic examination concluded to a papillary thyroid carcinoma of classical variant. And the lymph node dissection enabled us to diagnose not only papillary thyroid carcinoma's lymph node metastasis, but also Hodgkin Lymphoma. This discovery of the Hodgkin lymphoma was totally incidental. The discovery of synchronous tumors in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma has been reported in the literature. However, the diagnosis of Hodgkin through lymph node dissection for papillary thyroid carcinoma is extremely rare. This underlines the singularity and the importance of our case. The synchronous papillary thyroid carcinoma and Hodgkin lymphoma is a rare condition, which may pose significant diagnostic and treatment dilemmas. To date, there is no standardized approach due to lack of experience. The molecular mechanisms of this link are poorly understood and yet remain to be elucidated.
Mixed‐methods evaluation of a nurse‐led allergy clinic model in primary care: Feasibility trial
Authors: Hammersley Vicky , Kelman Margaret , Morrice Lynn , Kendall Marilyn , Mukerjhee Mome , Harley Susan , Schwarze Jurgen , Sheikh Aziz
Published: August 2022

Introduction

It is now widely acknowledged that there are serious shortcomings in allergy care provision for patients seen in primary care. We sought to assess the feasibility of delivering and evaluating a new nurse‐led allergy service in primary care, measured by recruitment, retention and estimates of the potential impact of the intervention on disease‐specific quality of life.

Methods

Mixed‐methods evaluation of a nurse‐led primary care‐based allergy clinic in Edinburgh, UK undertaken during the period 2017–2021 with a focus on suspected food allergy and atopic eczema in young children, allergic rhinitis in children and young people, and suspected anaphylaxis in adults. Prior to March 2020, patients were seen face‐to‐face (Phase 1). Due to COVID‐19 pandemic restrictions, recruitment was halted between March–August 2020, and a remote clinic was restarted in September 2020 (Phase 2). Disease‐specific quality of life was measured at baseline and 6–12 weeks post intervention using validated instruments. Quantitative data were descriptively analysed. We undertook interviews with 16 carers/patients and nine healthcare professionals, which were thematically analysed.

Results

During Phase 1, 426/506 (84%) referred patients met the eligibility criteria; 40/46 (87%) of Phase 2 referrals were eligible. Males and females were recruited in approximately equal numbers. The majority (83%) of referrals were for possible food allergy or anaphylaxis. Complete data were available for 338/426 (79%) patients seen in Phase 1 and 30/40 (75%) in Phase 2. Compared with baseline assessments, there were improvements in disease‐specific quality of life for most categories of patients. Patients/carers and healthcare professionals reported high levels of satisfaction, this being reinforced by the qualitative interviews in which convenience and speed of access to expert opinion, the quality of the consultation, and patient/care empowerment were particularly emphasised.

Conclusion

This large feasibility trial has demonstrated that it is possible to recruit, deliver and retain individuals into a nurse‐led allergy clinic with both face‐to‐face and remote consultations. Our data indicate that the intervention was considered acceptable to patients/carers and healthcare professionals. The before‐after data of disease‐specific quality of life suggest that the intervention may prove effective, but this now needs to be confirmed through a formal randomised controlled trial.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov reference NCT03826953.
Evaluation of anticancer effects of frankincense on breast cancer stem‐like cells
Authors: Farahani Mohammad Kamalabadi , Bitaraf Fateme Sadat , Atashi Amir , Jabbarpour Zahra
Published: August 2022

Background

Relapse and metastasis in breast cancer are linked to cancer stem cells (CSCs) resistant to anticancer therapies. The presence of cancer stem‐like cells (CSLCs) and their ability to self‐renew is determined by in vitro spheroid formation.

Aims

Many studies have found that frankincense has anticancer impacts, although these effects on breast CSLCs have never been evaluated.

Methods and results

A population of heterogeneous breast tumor cells was extracted from the tumor mass after generating an animal model of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC). Spheroid formation was used as an in vitro assay to determine the existence of CSLCs in these cells. MTT assay was used to determine frankincense's cytotoxic activity. An annexin V‐ propidium iodide (PI) staining and scratch test were used to assess the induction of apoptosis and antimetastatic effects of frankincense. The frankincense extract has significant cytotoxic and apoptotic effects on breast CSLCs. Although, the breast CSLCs are more resistant to these impacts than other breast cancer cells.

Conclusion

Our study is the first report that indicates that frankincense extract has anticancer properties in breast CSLCs. Compared to many anticancer chemicals, which have limited potential to battle cancer stem cells, frankincense is an appropriate option to combat breast CSCs.
High‐resolution analysis of individual spike peptide‐specific CD4+ T‐cell responses in vaccine recipients and COVID‐19 patients
Authors: Karsten Hendrik , Cords Leon , Westphal Tim , Knapp Maximilian , Brehm Thomas Theo , Hermanussen Lennart , Omansen Till Frederik , Schmiedel Stefan , Woost Robin , Ditt Vanessa , Peine Sven , Lütgehetmann Marc , Huber Samuel , Ackermann Christin , Wittner Melanie , Addo Marylyn Martina , Sette Alessandro , Sidney John , Schulze zur Wiesch Julian
Published: August 2022

Objectives

Potential differences in the breadth, distribution and magnitude of CD4+ T‐cell responses directed against the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike glycoprotein between vaccinees, COVID‐19 patients and subjects who experienced both ways of immunisation have not been comprehensively compared on a peptide level.

Methods

Following virus‐specific in vitro cultivation, we determined the T‐cell responses directed against 253 individual overlapping 15‐mer peptides covering the entire SARS‐CoV‐2 spike glycoprotein using IFN‐γ ELISpot and intracellular cytokine staining. In vitro HLA binding was determined for selected peptides.

Results

We mapped 955 single peptide‐specific CD4+ T‐cell responses in a cohort of COVID‐19 patients (n = 8), uninfected vaccinees (n = 16) and individuals who experienced both infection and vaccination (n = 11). Patients and vaccinees (two‐time and three‐time vaccinees alike) had a comparable number of CD4+ T‐cell responses (median 26 vs. 29, P = 0.7289). Most of these specificities were conserved in B.1.1.529 and the BA.4 and BA.5 sublineages. The highest magnitude of these in vitro IFN‐γ CD4+ T‐cell responses was observed in COVID‐19 patients (median 0.35%), and three‐time vaccinees showed a higher magnitude than two‐time vaccinees (median 0.091% vs. 0.175%, P < 0.0001). Twelve peptide specificities were each detected in at least 40% of subjects. In vitro HLA binding showed promiscuous presentation by DRB1 molecules for several peptides.

Conclusion

Both SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and vaccination prime broadly directed T‐cell responses directed against the SARS‐CoV‐2 spike glycoprotein. This comprehensive high‐resolution analysis of spike peptide specificities will be a useful resource for further investigation of spike‐specific T‐cell responses.
Untersuchungen zum Out‐of‐Plane‐Verhalten von nichttragenden Mauerwerkswänden in deutschen Erdbebengebieten
Authors: Helm Lukas , Lönhoff Moritz , Sadegh‐Azar Hamid
Published: August 2022

Infolge von Erdbeben müssen nichttragende Trennwände aus Mauerwerk horizontalen Lasten standhalten und dabei spielen auch die Einwirkungen rechtwinklig zur Ebene (Out of Plane) eine bedeutende Rolle. Das Out‐of‐Plane‐Verhalten von Mauerwerkswänden ist aufgrund der stark ausgeprägten nichtlinearen Mechanismen sehr komplex. In aktuellen Bemessungsverfahren werden maßgebende Einflussfaktoren nicht berücksichtigt und es fehlen detaillierte Untersuchungen zu in Deutschland typischen nichttragenden Mauerwerksarten. Es wurden im Rahmen eines Forschungsprojekts umfangreiche analytische, numerische und experimentelle Untersuchungen für tragende Mauerwerkswände durchgeführt und ein Ingenieurmodell zur Bestimmung der Out‐of‐Plane‐Tragfähigkeit unter Berücksichtigung der maßgebenden Parameter entwickelt. Die Ergebnisse dieser Untersuchungen wurden ansatzweise und vereinfacht auf nichttragende Wände übertragen. Hiermit konnten die bisherigen Ansätze in den Erdbebennormen DIN EN 1998‐1/NA (2020) und DIN 4149 (2005) überprüft und dem aktuellen Kenntnisstand angepasst werden. Auf Grundlage der aktualisierten Erdbebengefährdung wurden zudem vereinfachte Nachweismethoden hergeleitet und in Form von Tabellen zusammengefasst. Das Ingenieurmodell und die Grundlagen der Herleitung der vereinfachten Regeln werden anhand eines Anwendungsbeispiels in diesem Beitrag vorgestellt und diskutiert.
Relationship between the turbidity difference and the grade of green tea under Ca2+ acceleration: A preliminary study
Authors: Yu Xiao‐Lan , He Yong
Published: August 2022

The grade of green tea indicates its intrinsic quality and guides consumers when purchasing. Simple, accessible, and on‐site determination of green tea grades is essential for consumers and regulators. In this study, we assumed that the turbidity difference in green tea might indicate its grade, and our results confirmed this hypothesis. The turbidity difference was measured in green tea infusions before and after the Ca2+ acceleration. For the same kind of green tea, it was found that higher grades of green tea had larger turbidity differences. Effects of brewing temperature, brewing time, Ca2+ concentration, and Ca2+ treatment time on the turbidity of green tea infusions were analyzed, and their optimal values were obtained. This study demonstrates that applying the turbidity difference and Ca2+ acceleration could be an accessible method for the on‐site determination of green tea grades.
Facies analysis and distribution of Late Palaeogene deep‐water massive sandstones in submarine‐fan lobes, NW Borneo
Authors: Jamil Muhammad , Siddiqui Numair Ahmed , Usman Muhammad , Wahid Ali , Umar Muhammad , Ahmed Nisar , Haq Izhar Ul , El‐Ghali Mohamed A. K. , Imran Qazi Sohail , Rahman Abdul Hadi Abd , Zhang Shiqi
Published: August 2022

Deep‐water massive sandstones (DWMS) are characterized by large volumes of sand accumulations which are considered as potential reservoir intervals in deep‐marine environments. Lithological variations and bed thickness statistics are used to interpret the distribution of massive sandstones in a deep‐marine fan‐lobe system. These massive sandstones are interpreted based on lithological heterogeneities and detailed facies analysis in seventeen exposed sections of the Late Palaeogene deposits in Sabah, NW Borneo. Sedimentary logs containing details of lithology textures and structures were used to recognize nine sedimentary facies of DWMS. These lithofacies were then grouped into three sedimentary facies associations: (1) massive facies association with basal part of turbiditic Bouma sequence, (2) massive facies association having soft‐sediment deformation structures, and (3) massive facies association with erosional features. The facies analysis portrays inner to middle submarine fan deposition and was later applied to reconstruct the distribution of a channel‐lobe complex. Individual sandstone bed thicknesses vary from 1 m to more than 8 m and the number of massive sandstones in submarine lobes range from less than 10% to more than 50%. The thicknesses of massive sandstones in channels are more than 8 m, whereas distal lobes have thicknesses from 1–2 m only. These sandstones are concentrated in channels, proximal and medial lobe settings that can also be verified from calculating the average of all maximum thickness of massive sand intervals that is, 8.91 m. The lithological heterogeneities and the processes associated with the deposition of these massive sandstones are vital for potential hydrocarbon reservoirs in the deep‐marine environments around the globe.