bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
EVALUASI PENERAPAN HIGIENE SANITASI DI HOTEL SWISSBELINN BALIKPAPAN
Authors: Setyawati Nur Falah , Maslina Maslina , Wahyuni Sri , Aprillian Andini Ayu
Published: October 2023

Keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja berkaitan dengan keamanan pangan karena dalam keamanan pangan mengatur higiene sanitasi yang salah satunya adalah penjamah makanan. Berdasarkan PERMENKES No 1096/2011, keamanan pangan adalah kondisi dan upaya yang diperlukan untuk mencegah pangan dari kemungkinan cemaran biologis, kimia, dan benda lain yang dapat mengganggu, merugikan dan membahayakan kesehatan manusia. Manusia merupakan salah satu agen penyebab masuknya kontaminan ke dalam makanan (Irianto, 2007) penjamah makanan adalah orang yang secara langsung mengelola makanan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi penerapan higiene sanitasi pada penjamah makanan di hotel swissbelinn balikpapan. Rancangan penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Informan pada penelitian ini adalah penjamah makanan yang berada di departement dapur hotel swssbelinn Balikpapan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi data, dan pengambilan gambar. Beradasarkan dari hasil wawancara 10 informan dapat disimpulkan bahwa dari 6 penjamah makanan menerapkan higiene sanitasi sesuai dengan PERMENKES No 1096 Tahun 2011, sedangkan 3 penjamah belum menerapakan higiene sanitasi saat bekerja dan tidak sesuai dengan PERMENKES No 1096 Tahun 2011. Dalam hasil menjamin kemanan pangan pada penjamah saat bekerja ini bahwa berdasarkan wawancara dan observasi pada penjamah khusus nya informan 2,3,4,7.9 selalu menjamin dan menerapkan keamanan pangan saat mengolah makanan serta bekerja dengan menerapkan higiene sanitasi yang sesuai dengan PERMENKES No 1096 Tahun 2011. Sedangkan informan 5,6,8 belum memiliki sertifikasi higiene sanitasi dan belum memahami tentang keamanan pangan
IDENTIFIKASI BAHAYA DAN PENILAIAN RISIKO PEKERJAAN PENGIKATAN MOORING LINE PADA GALANGAN KAPAL PT. ASIA ADHITAMA SHIPYARD SOMBER BALIKPAPAN
Authors: Hardiyono Hardiyono , Ananta Erwin , Sukanto Weril
Published: October 2023

Mooring adalah suatu sistem untuk mengikatkan kapal pada terminal darat, dermaga, kapal, buoy mooring, hingga merapat dengan menggunakan beberapa tali kepil Kapal didesain dengan kemampuan olah gerak yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan identifikasi risiko serta penilaian risiko dari pekerjaan pengikatan mooring line. Peneliti menggunakan Risk Matriks dan tabel HIRARC sebagai alat identifikasi dan penilaian risiko. PT. Asia Adhitama Shipyard merupakan perusahaan galangan kapal yang dalam operasi pekerjaannya sangat erat hubungannya dengan risiko-risiko pekerjaan yang bersifat fisik, seperti pekerjaan pengikatan mooring line pada kapal.  Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif, yakni penelitian yang bersifat deskriptif dan cenderung menggunakan analisis. Dalam penelitian ini terdapat 12 narasumber yang terdiri dari 3 pekerja galangan, 3 helper umum, 4 awak kapal dan 2 mualim kapal. Hasil akhir dari penilain risiko ini berupa, teridentifikasi dengan nilai low sebanyak 1. Untuk risiko dengan nilai medium sebanyak 11 bahaya. Tingkat risiko dengan nilai high seb anyak 2 bahaya yakni teganggan tali yang mengencang secara tiba-tiba, dan untuk presentase sebelum dilakukan pengendalian tambahan. High 18%, medium 73% dan low 9%. Setelah dilakukan pengendalian tambahan presentase risiko yang ada mengalami perubahan yang baik yakni dengan presentase medium 9%, low 82% dan very low 9%. Maka diketahui bahwa penilaian serta pengendalian risiko termasuk dalam kategori efectif.
HUBUNGAN SHIFT KERJA TERHADAP STRESS KERJA KARYAWAN PT ASTRA REKAYASA UNGGUL BALIKPAPAN
Authors: Saputera Dharma , Siboro Impol , Putra Junaidi Ananda
Published: October 2023

Kondisi psikologis yang sehat secara tidak langsung dapat mempengaruhi seberapa sukses dan berkelanjutan operasi bisnis berlanjut. Kegagalan sistem dalam bisnis dapat disebabkan oleh masalah psikologis, terutama stres, yang menurunkan produktivitas. Untuk lebih memahami hubungan tersebut, dilakukan studi terhadap karyawan PT Astra Rekayasa Unggul Balikpapan. Sampel digunakan sebagai metodologi penelitian dalam kasus ini. Pendekatan pengambilan sampel ini menggunakan total sampling untuk mewakili 32 orang staf gudang di PT. Astra Rekyasa Unggul dalam investigasi ini. Antara Juli dan September 2020, shift kerja pagi dan sore akan dilakukan dengan menggunakan Kuesioner Alat Pengukuran DASS (Depression Anxiety Stress Scales). dibagi menjadi tiga kategori: minor, medium, dan mayor stres. Berdasarkan temuan, dari 32 terdapat 13 karyawan PT. Astra Rekayasa Unggul yang melaporkan stres ringan termasuk dalam kategori stres sedang, mencapai 81,25% dari total, dengan hanya 6 karyawan (37,5%) yang termasuk dalam kategori stres tinggi. Hasil uji regresi linier menunjukkan bahwa ada hubungan yang signifikan antara shift kerja dan stres kerja pada karyawan PT Astra Rekayasa Unggul Balikpapan, dengan probabilitas lebih rendah dari tingkat signifikansi 0,05. Berdasarkan temuan penelitian, perlu dilakukan upaya untuk mengurangi stres kerja akibat pengaruh shift kerja, khususnya dengan pengetatan pembatasan atau pembagian shift.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN HIGIENE SANITASI PANGAN DI HOTEL ZURICH BALIKPAPAN
Authors: Setyawati Nur Falah , Siboro Impol , Wahyuni Sri , Lumbanraja Samuel
Published: October 2023

Pangan merupakan salah satu kebutuhan pokok manusia yang dibutuhkan setiap saat dan memerlukan pengolahan yang baik dan benar agar bermanfaat bagi tubuh. Berdasarkan yang dapat mengganggu, merugikan, dan membahayakan kesehatan manusia serta tidak bertentangan dengan agama data Organisasi Kesehatan Dunia (WHO) tahun 2019 sekitar 600 juta orang atau 1 dari 10 orang di dunia menderita sakit setelah mengonsumsi pangan yang terkontaminasi. Sebanyak 420 ribu orang meninggal setiap tahun karena makanan. Tercatat di Indonesia, dari kurun waktu tahun 2011 dan 2015 produk makanan yang tidak sesuai dengan standar yang ditetapkan meningkat sekitar 35%, pada tahun 2013 sampai 2015 laporan tentang keracunan makanan yang serius meningkat dari 48 menjadi 61 kasus di 34 provinsi, dan insiden keracunan makanan di Indonesia pada tahun 2016 sebesar 26% dari 132 kejadian luar biasa penyakit dan keracunan pangan. Untuk meningkatkan kualitas standar, mutu penyimpanan tempat bahan makanan, yang terdiri dari penyimpanan bahan makanan basah dan kering yang sesuai dengan Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia No 1096 Tahun 2011 Tentang Higiene Sanitasi Jasa Boga.
EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN SISTEM TANGGAP DARURAT RUNWAY EXCURSION PADA PT ANGKASA PURA I (PERSERO) BALIKPAPAN
Authors: Siboro Impol , Zainul L.M , Sunyanti Sunyanti , Syarif Nur Fadly
Published: October 2023

Keselamatan penerbangan menjadi faktor yang sangat penting dalam setiap operasional penerbangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan ntuk mengetahui Efektivitas Penerapan Sistem Tanggap Darurat Runway Excursion pada PT. Angkasa Pura I (Persero) Bandar Udara Internasional Sultan Aji Muhammad Sulaiman Sepinggan-Balikpapan dalam menanggulangi Incident/Accident di Bandar Udara. Manfaat penelitian ini untuk menambah wawasan dan pengetahuan peneliti tentang Efektivitas Penerapan Sistem Tanggap Darurat Runway Excursion dan Sebagai bahan evaluasi tentang Efektivitas Penerapan Sistem Tanggap Darurat Runway Excursiondi Bandar Udara khususnya Bandar Udara Internasional Sultan Aji Muhammad Sulaiman Sepinggan-Balikpapan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik mengumpulkan dari hasil observasi dan wawancara. Lokasi penelitian inidilakukan di Perusahaan PT. Angakasa Pura I Airport Kantor Cabang Bandar Udara Internasional Sultan Aji Muhammad Sulaiman Sepinggan-Balikpapan khususnya pada unit Airport Rescue And Fire Fighting Services. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini berdasarkan data yang dikumpulkan dari 3 variable yang telah ditentukan yaitu: response team, kualitas dan kuantitas personil PKP-PK dan Sarana Tanggap Darurat PKP-PK. Maka, diperoleh hasil rata-rata dengan capaian nilai persentase sebesar 81,33% atau dalam tingkat efektivitas memperoleh hasil  “Sangat Efektif’
PENILAIAN RISIKO PEKERJAAN SERVIS UNIT RODA DUA PADA PT. ASTRA INTERNATIONAL DI BALIKPAPAN
Authors: Ananta Erwin , Liku James. E.A , Mappangile Andi Surraya , Najamuddin Najamuddin
Published: October 2023

Kesehatan dan Keselamatan Kerja (K3) adalah kegiatan yang menjamin terciptanya kondisi kerja yang aman, terhindar dari gangguan fisik dan mental melalui pembinaan dan pelatihan, pengarahan, dan control terhadap pelaksanaan tugas dari para karyawan dan pemberiaan bantuan sesuai dengan aturan yang berlaku, baik dari lembaga pemerintah maupun perusahaan dimana mereka bekerja. PT. Astra Interntional Tbk-Honda dari segi Keselataman dan Kesehatan Kerjanya belum dilakukan penilaian risiko terhadap kegiatan servis di bengkelnya, maka dari itu perlu dilakukan identifikasi bahaya dan penilaian risiko serta pengendalian pekerjaan servis unit roda dua. Metode penelitian yang digunakan oleh penulis adalah metodologi deskriptif Kualitatif. Dengan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi Setelah peneliti melakukan penelitian dengan observasi dan wawancara selanjutnya data yang diperoleh, disusun, dikelompokkan kemudian diinterprestasikan secara objektif sehingga diperoleh gambaran mengenai masalah yang ditelitiSetelah dilakukan penilaian risiko pada kegiatan Servis Unit Roda Dua, kegiatan Servis UnitRoda Dua merupakan kegiatan memiliki risiko yang tinggi dan dari kegiatan Servis Unit Roda Dua terdapat 19 risiko dari 3 tahapan kegiatan pemeliharaan tube heat exchanger. Penilaian risiko dilakukan pada 19 risiko yang muncul, setelah dilakukan penilaian didapatkan dari 19 risiko yang muncul terdapat 9 risiko dengan tingkat risiko high risk, 8 risiko dengan tingkat risiko medium risk, dan 2 risiko dengan tingkat risiko low risk. Pengendalian risiko dilakukan dengan menggunakan pedoman hierarchy of control yaitu (eliminasi, substitusi, pengendalian teknis, administrasi, dan alat pelindung diri), hasil penilaian terhadap 19 risiko turun menjadi 19 risiko dengan 6 tingkat risiko medium risk dan 13 tingkat risiko low risk.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN HAZARD ANALYSIS AND CRITICAL CONTROL POINT (HACCP) PADA PRODUKSI MAKANAN DI CV NIKMAT KATERING BALIKPAPAN
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Luqmantoro Luqmantoro , Yuliana Lina , Purba Fredrick
Published: October 2023

Keamanan Pangan adalah kondisi dan upaya yang diperlukan untuk mencegah Pangan dari kemungkinan cemaran biologis, kimia, dan benda lain yang dapat mengganggu, merugikan, dan membahayakan kesehatan manusia serta tidak bertentangan dengan agama, keyakinan, dan budaya masyarakat sehingga aman untuk dikonsumsi. HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) adalah suatu sistem jaminan mutu yang berdasarkan pada kesadaran bahwa bahaya dapat timbul pada berbagai titik atau tahap produksi tertentu, tetapi dapat dilakukan pengendalian terhadap bahaya tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penerapan prinsip HACCP sebagai pengendalian mutu keamanan pangan di CV Nikmat Katering Balikpapan. Manfaat penelitian ini adalah sebagai bahan evaluasi untuk meningkatkan mutu produksi makanan. Metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik pengumpulan data observasi dan wawancara. Lokasi penelitian di CV Nikmat Katering Balikpapan khususnya daerah dapur produksi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa prinsip HACCP yang telah dilakukan adalah identifikasi bahaya, penentuan titik kendali kritis, batas kritis, sistem monitoring, tindakan korektif, dan validasi sedangkan namun, pada prinsip dokumentasi dan pencatatan belum dilakukan karena tidak terdapat catatan identifikasi bahaya dan catatan monitoring yang telah dilakukan.
Proses pembuatan gate hollow dengan menggunakan mesin bor radial Csepel tipe RF 22/B
Authors: Umary Difqi Faza , Supriyatna Deddy
Published: October 2023

Proses pemesinan atau dapat disebut proses manufaktur adalah suatu proses produksi bahan mentah ataupun bahan yang sudah jadi diubah menjadi barang yang diinginkan. Salah satu proses yang ada pada industri manufaktur adalah proses bor (drilling). Tujuan dari kajian ini adalah mengetahui proses penggunaan mesin bor radial dalam membuat gate hollow dan mengetahui kesalahan apa saja yang terjadi ketika proses pembuatan gate hollow berlangsung. Kajian ini menggunakan metode studi literatur dan kajian lapangan (field research). Hasil menunjukkan berdasarkan keseluruhan proses pembuatan gate hollow, maka didapatkan sebuah kesalahan dalam proses pembuatan gate hollow mengenai diameter lubang yang seharusnya 15 mm menjadi 18 mm dan terdapat kesalahan antara jarak lubang yang sudah dibuat.
Analisis kekuatan impak komposit serat batang pohon waru (Hisbiscus tiliaceus)
Authors: Irwan Muhammad , Aras Neny Rasnyanti M
Published: October 2023

Teknologi hijau atau teknologi ramah lingkungan semakin serius dikembangkan oleh negara-negara di dunia saat ini untuk menemukan material ramah lingkungan, dan menjadi salah satu tantangan yang terus diteliti oleh para pakar untuk mendukung kemajuan teknologi ini. Serat kulit batang pohon waru (Hibiscus tiliaceus) yang telah mengalami perlakuan NaOH dan kunyit sebagai bahan penguat komposit atau dipadukan dengan resin epoksi, yang selanjutnya dikaji sifat mekanisnya secara empiris, sehingga diharapkan mampu memberikan sumbangsih pemikiran terhadap penerapan teknologi hijau dan teknologi yang ramah lingkungan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan perendaman NaOH 5% selama 2 jam, pemanasan kunyit 20% sampai suhu 70-80oC yang didiamkan selama 2 jam dan perendaman NaOH 5% selama 2 jam yang dilanjutkan pemanasan kunyit 20% sampai suhu 70-80oC yang diamkan selama 2 jam terhadap kekuatan bending komposit serat kulit batang pohon waru. Pengujian impak ini menggunakan ASTM 256, setelah dilakukan pengujian impak, didapatkan spesimen dengan perlakuan perendaman NaOH 5% selama 2 jam pada komposit serat kulit batang waru, menunjukkan hasil pengujian terbaik energi patah dengan nilai energi patah tertinggi mencapai 2,142 Joule, sedangkan untuk kekuatan impak terbaik didapatkan pada spesimen tanpa perlakuan dengan nilai 1,529 Joule/mm2.
Analisis rugi kalor selama proses pemanasan pada semi-spherical plenum stainless steel 316 berdasarkan perubahan setting suhu pemanasan
Authors: Moreno Zavi Indasyach , Akbar Ronald , Amelia Almira Citra , Adrian Hilman , Johanes Jeff Michael , Setiawan Putut Hery , Gunawan Hyundianto Arif , Sukarno Ragil , Syaka Darwin Rio Budi , Juarsa Mulya
Published: October 2023

Lelehan teras reaktor dalam bentuk semi-spherical telah melepas kalor selama peristiwa kecelakaan parah di reaktor nuklir, di mana karakteristik pelepas kalor perlu untuk dipelajari. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fenomena distribusi suhu dan besar laju rugi kalor pada semi-spherical plenum stainless steel 316 dengan melakukan variasi setting suhu. Dalam kajian ini digunakan plenum bergeometri semi-spherical yang disimulasikan sebagai debris reaktor nuklir dengan metode eksperimen. Eksperimen dilakukan dengan 4 variasi setting suhu yaitu 50oC, 100oC, 150oC, dan 200oC. Alat ukur yang digunakan yaitu termokopel tipe K yang dipasang pada 14 titik yang sudah ditentukan. Pengambilan data diambil saat proses pemanasan dan proses pendinginan yang terjadi pada semi-spherical plenum. Data yang diambil yaitu proses kenaikan dan penurunan suhu dan nilai laju rugi kalor. Berdasarkan hasil eksperimen didapatkan bahwa karakteristik kenaikan dan penurunan suhu ketika proses pemanasan dan pendinginan pada setiap titik termokopel adalah sama. Hasil nilai rugi kalor didapatkan pada suhu 50oC, 100oC, 150oC, dan 200oC secara berturut-turut sebesar 354,235 watt, 670,714 watt, 1442,303 watt, dan 2064,727 watt. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai laju rugi kalor akan meningkat sebanding dengan besar setting suhu awal. Nilai laju rugi kalor dari semua ekperimen berada di atas 50%.
Coagulation Properties of Blood in Healthy University Students in Port Harcourt
Authors: Opubo Abiye Tamuno- , Stanley Rosemary Oluchi , Nwiyor Jerry Dumley , Dede Siyeofori Belema , Wihioka Joy Tonye , Deinye Zosa Ugbana , Enyindah Miracle Nkasiobi
Published: October 2023

Despite the fact that the World Health Organization (WHO) had provided an average global reference data of Coagulation Properties (CP) of blood in the world, available statistics still suggest a significant discrepancy in CPs of blood among various age groups, socioeconomic classes and races in different locations of the world. Here in Port Harcourt Nigeria, absence of such local reference data had continued to pose over-reliance on the WHO global standards without recourse to our distinctive geospatial and socioeconomic peculiarities. As a result, this study therefore investigated coagulation properties of blood in healthy university students in Port Harcourt. A total of 157 participants were recruited into the study using Stratified Random Sampling techniques. They were administered well-structured questionnaires for an on-the-spot data collections. Thereafter, 5ml of venous blood were aspirated for various coagulation properties (Bleeding, clotting and Prothrombin times and Platelets Counts) investigation. Clotting and bleeding times were measured instantly using capillary and Ivy’s methods respectively. Results from the study revealed a significant (ρ≤0.05) coagulation difference between the WHO standards and both gender (male, 311032 ± 17300* and female, 293600 ± 12800*) for platelets counts. In the age groups, only ≥40 group were significant to all CP (10.30 ± 0.00* for BT, 10.00 ± 1.30* for CT, 10.22 ± 2.88* for PT and 190320.73 ± 1886.45* for PC). Similar significant result was also noted for Obese Class 2, morbid obesity and protein diet groups as compared with the Control. This study therefore concluded that CP significantly vary with the WHO standards, age, gender, BMI and nutritional background and recommended similar study be conducted in other locations in Nigeria and Africa.
Some Proximate Analysis of Polyaltha Longifolia (Fresh Leaves)
Authors: Donlawson Chioma , Okah Reminus
Published: October 2023

Proximate analysis of fresh leaves of Polyalthia longifolia was carried out using gravimetric method of analysis. The analysis showed that percentages of total moisture, crude protein, crude fiber, ash content, total carbohydrate and the oil content were 51.12, 13.37, 25.20, 8.12, 22.97 and 11.34 present in the sample respectively. The results revealed that the fresh leaves could be a rich source of food and mineral nutrients which can be used for human nourishments and dietary supplements. It is also an implication that the leaves can be used in the medicinal, pharmacological and food industries for production of consumable supplements. The significant oil content is an indication of its ability to combat certain microorganisms that can cause disorders in human health, it can also be applied in the cosmetic industries for the production of a wide variety of cosmetics products it has been commonly found that the extract of the leaves can be used as curatives of haemorhoids, diabetes, fibroid. cancer and ulcer treatments because of the reasonable fibre content.
Frequency of Hypovitaminosis D in Obese Adolescent with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Authors: Islam Farhana , Kabir Rezwana , Kazal Rezaul Karim , Ferdous Morsheda , Anan Nishat , Akhanda Rumnaz , Bhuiyan Mohammad Shah Jalal , Tabassum Erina
Published: October 2023

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common female endocrine disorders affecting the reproductive age group and is thought to be one of the leading cause of female infertility. Many patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) also have features of the metabolic syndrome, including insulin resistance, obesity, and dyslipidemia. Vitamin D affects insulin and glucose metabolism, and a low vitamin D status maybe a risk factor for PCOS. Aim: To determine vitamin D status among the obese adolescent with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and to compare the vitamin D level among obese and nonobese adolescent with PCOS. Methods: This cross sectional study was done at the out-patient department of Obstetrics and Gynecology in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) during November 2017 to October 2018 but the patients enrollment was started after 16 July 2018. The study comprises of 80 adolescent girls diagnosed as PCOS according to Rotterdam criteria, in the age range of 9 to 18 years, out of which 50 obese adolescent girls was considered as group I and 30 non obese adolescent girls was considered as group II. The biochemical parameters measured in the study includes fasting blood sugar, fasting insulin level and serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D level. Serum 25 (OH) D level less than 20 ng/ml was classified as vitamin D deficiency. Results: In this study it was observed that maximum patients were vitamin D deficient in both groups. In group I, 76% and in group II, 60% were vitamin D deficient. Again in group I, 14% and 33.3% in group II were vitamin D insufficient. Only 10% in group I and 6.7% in group II were found to have sufficient level of vitamin D. The mean Vitamin D was found 18.25±5.51 ng/ml in group I and 19.66±5.21 ng/ml in group II. The mean difference of vitamin D level between two groups was statistically not significant. There is a negative significant correlation between vitamin D and BMI which indicates level of vitamin D decreases with increase of BMI of the participants. Conclusion: Vitamin D deficiency was predominant in both groups. Though the difference of vitamin D level was not significant between two groups but the mean level of vitamin D is lower in group I than in group II. There is a negative significant correlation between vitamin D and BMI which indicates that higher BMI levels were associated with lower vitamin D levels.
AGILE Methodology in Healthcare and Medical Practices: A Narrative Review
Authors: Ahmad Sharique , Wasim Saeeda
Published: October 2023

Agile methodology, a dynamic approach originally derived from software development, has rapidly gained substantial traction across a diverse range of industries due to its unparalleled adaptability, iterative nature, and customer-centric ethos. In the intricate and rapidly evolving landscape of the healthcare sector, where optimal patient outcomes, operational efficiency, and stringent regulatory compliance stand as imperatives, the thoughtful application of Agile principles emerges as a transformative catalyst for reshaping medical practices. This comprehensive review delves deeply into the nuanced underpinnings of Agile methodology in healthcare, exploring its manifold benefits, intricate challenges, successful case studies of implementation, and the boundless horizon of future prospects it holds.
Properties of Bitumen Modified with Nanoclay/Pet (Polyethylene Terephthalate) Blend
Authors: Usman Mohammed Ibrahim , Murana Abdulfatai Adinoyi , Kaura Jibrin Mohammed , Ochepo Joshua , Otuoze Suleiman Hassan
Published: October 2023

As the world continues to urbanize, the construction of transportation highway continuously requires quality pavement which made transportation engineers and experts focus on improving the performance and life of pavements, to which many studies had searched for better materials or modifications that could improve the properties of bitumen and reduce or even eliminate the development of asphalt pavement failures. To this end, the properties of bitumen modified with blend of PET + nanoclay was conducted. The bitumen was modified with PET (0.5 – 4.0% at 0.5% interval), and nanoclay (1.0 – 8.0% at 1% intervals), while the tests conducted on the materials were oxide composition test, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) test, penetration test, solubility test, ductility test, flash and fire point test, specific gravity test, softening point test, and viscosity test in accordance with codes and specification. Results from the findings showed that the unmodified bitumen and PET are hydrocarbon materials, while the nanoclay is an inorganic compound and a good reactive pozzolana. More results from the findings showed that the properties of bitumen was improved with addition of PET and nanoclay blend such that the penetration and solubility of bitumen decreases with increase in modifier content, and there was an increase in softening point, flash point, fire point, specific gravity, and viscosity of bitumen as replacement of PET and nanoclay blend increases. Hence, the modifiers (Nanoclay/PET blend) can be used to improve properties of bitumen since they fall within standard and code specification.
Land Use Pattern Change and Farmers Perception Perspective: A Case of Khagrachari Hill District, Bangladesh
Authors: Hasan Shaikh Shamim , Hossain Md. Ismail , Karim Md. Rezaul , Chakma Prabin
Published: October 2023

The sole hilly region in Bangladesh is known as the Chattogram Hill Tracts (CHT), which is comprised of the three hill districts of Khagrachari, Rangamati, and Bandarban. Due to population dynamics, economic development, climatic change, improved accessibility, and agricultural developments, land usage is changing at an increasingly rapid rate in the CHT. This research was carried out in Khagrachari Sadar upazila in the Khagrachari district of Bangladesh. This study looked at how farmers perceive changes in land use patterns and the factors that influence such perceptions. A total of 180 households were sampled using the proportional random sampling technique, and the survey was conducted using a previously created, closed-ended questionnaire. The average land ownership of the farmers was 4.22 acre, although the average agricultural and forest land holding was 1.37 acre and 1.54 acre, respectively. Although, the farmers also possessed considerable amount of vegetable land and flat land also and these lands were utilized to produce different types of vegetables, crops, fruit and timber trees. Average age of the farmers was 49.75 years and 32% of them did not receive any formal education. About 62% of them did not take part any agriculture related training program. Although, 95% of the farmers had medium to poor perception on land use pattern change. Moreover, many farmers perceived that currently overall soil fertility status of the hilly land had been decreased compared to 10 years back. In addition, out of thirteen attributes, four attributes, namely, educational attainment, family annula income, agricultural training received and agricultural land ownership had significant influence on the perception of land use pattern change by the respondents. The findings from the research can be used by the nation's decision-makers and planners to create future CHT land allocation policies.
Effect of Combined Methanol Extract of Mucuna Poggei and Justicia carnea Leaves on Hematological Indices and Biochemical Indices of Phenylhydrazine Induced Anaemic Albino Rats
Authors: Nnaoma Ikenna E. , Unegbu Chika C. , Okeke Cosmas , Enete Uchenna
Published: October 2023

All parts of Mucuna poggei and Justicia carnea have been known to possess valuable medicinal properties. This calls for the need to determine the effect of combined methanol extract of mucuna poggei and justicia carnea leaves on hematological and biochemical indices of phenylhydrazine induced anaemic albino rats. The study was done using 60 male albino rats. The rats were divided into five groups of five (5) rats each. Group 1 (non-anaemic) was administered water and feed only which served as Normal control. Group 2 was administered Phenylhydrazine only which served as negative control. Group 3 through 5 were Phenylhydrazine induced anaemia treated with combined extract (1:1) at 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg respectively. The results showed a significant (p<0.05) increase in Hepatic and renal biomarkers (ALT, AST, ALP, Urea, Creatinine) of the anaemic (negative) control. The combined extract significantly restored the alteration through significant (p<0.05) dose dependent decrease in the assayed hepatic and renal function biomarkers. The hematological indices of the treated rats were maintained compared to the anaemic control. The study showed great potential of combined methanol extract of Mucuna poggei and Justicia carnea leaves capable of ameliorating anaemia.
Ascertaining the Level of Psychological Effects of Delayed Menstrual Period among Female Students in Tertiary Institutions in South-South, Nigeria
Authors: B Gbaranor, K. , C Dickson, I. , N Okocha, A. , A Mube, W. , I Ile, V. , E Kinako, S. , M Dimkpa, B. , U Oluoha, R. , S Kue, D. , R Dimkpa, C. , H. Chris-Biriowu , F George, A. , C Nwogu H. , G Pepple, B.
Published: October 2023

Menstrual period is a monthly activity that every woman who has attained the age of puberty experienced. It is a natural process and when it does not show or come, the woman in question will be worried and until the root cause of the delayed or stoppage is known and if possible, rectify the cause of the abnormally, the woman will not be happy. The aim of the study is Ascertaining the Level of Psychological Effects of Delayed Menstrual Period Among Female Students in Tertiary Institutions in South South, Nigeria. The study was a cross-sectional study and a total of 250 female students within participated in the study. A well-structured questionnaire was distributed to each participant by the research assistant after consent was granted by the participants. The study was carried out in the six States that make up South-South Geopolitical Zones and it lasted for a period of 3 months. The findings revealed that 243(97.20%) of the participants affirmed being depressed as a result of delayed menstrual period while 7(2.80%) disagreed being depressed due to delayed menstrual period. Also, 240(96.00%) of the respondents isolated themselves due to delayed menstrual period. The results shows that 238(95.20%) of the respondents were ashamed due to delayed menstrual period and 239(95.60%) were deeply thinking. The research revealed that 240(96.00%) of the participants agreed that delayed menstrual period affects their academic performance and 243(97.20%) of the respondents worried about the delayed in their menstrual period. The data were analysed using SPSS version 23 and P < 0.05 was said to be significant.
A Study of Root Canal Morphology of Human Deciduous Maxillary Molars using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT): An in Vivo Study
Authors: Das Asmita , Gupta Sonal , Patra Abhinandan , Gumro Menia
Published: October 2023

Aim: The purpose of this study was to investigate the root canal morphology of the primary maxillary right first and second molars using CBCT according to Vertucci & New root canal classification system given by Ahmed HMA et al., Method: 60 Patients aged 3-9 years were taken in the study. The CBCT of maxillary right quadrants of study subjects were taken at imaging centre and evaluated on CBCT scans according to Vertucci & Ahmed HMA et al.,’s classification both. Result: The most common canal configuration for right primary maxillary 1st and 2nd molar was Vertucci Type I except mesio-buccal canal in right maxillary second molar was Vertucci Type IV. Conclusion: As deciduous molar teeth exhibit thin torturous canals and ribbon like roots a thorough knowledge of the root canals can improve the outcome of pulp treatment in pediatric patients.
Ovarian Teratoma with Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Rare Entity
Authors: Dhawan Vishesh , Kediya Ayushi , Kusum Anuradha , Negi Swati
Published: October 2023

Malignant transformation in a mature cystic teratoma of the ovary is rare, occurring in only 1-2% of cases, with squamous cell carcinoma consisting of about 75% of malignant transformations. Various genomic alterations take part in this pathogenesis but due to its rare incidence, not many cases have been reported in respect to this transformation. Hence, we describe a rare case of 45-year-old female with a 7.5 cm ovarian mature teratoma with an incidental finding of squamous cell carcinoma. With this case report, we also wish to create an awareness of this entity among pathologists and physicians while dealing with dermoid cysts of large sizes in older patients.
Eksklusivisme Gereja Evangelikal di Indonesia dan Semangat Kemajemukan Pancasila: Mungkinkah Keduanya Bersatu?
Authors: Tjandra Indra Kurniadi , Deswanto Yusuf
Published: October 2023

Pancasila merupakan kompromi politik yang memungkinkan bangsa Indonesia tetap berjalan bersama-sama di dalam pelbagai keyakinan agama (Islam, Buddha, Hindu, Konghucu, Protestan, Katolik, serta kepercayaan-kepercayaan lainnya kepada Tuhan yang Maha Esa). Di sisi lain, ajaran dan praktik gereja evangelikal di Indonesia, khususnya yang berkaitan dengan doktrin dasar keselamatan dan praksis penginjilan, sering dianggap bertentangan dengan nilai-nilai Pancasila. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan bahwa keyakinan fundamental gereja evangelikal tidak bertentangan dengan semangat kebhinekaan dalam Pancasila. Tesis dari kedua penulis adalah bahwa doktrin dan praksis dasar evangelikal sebetulnya tidak bertentangan dengan sifat inklusivisme dari Pancasila sebab sejarah pembentukan Pancasila diwarnai oleh kalangan Islam neo-modernis yang sesungguhnya sangat eksklusif secara teologis. Pendekatan yang dilakukan dalam studi ini adalah menggali akar sejarah gerakan evangelikal di dunia hingga Indonesia, yang kemudian dikomparasikan dengan sejarah lahirnya Pancasila, untuk menunjukan koherensi antara ajaran dan praktik gereja-gereja evangelikal Indonesia terhadap nilai Pancasila.
Inventing Deportation Arrests
Authors: Nash Lindsay
Published: October 2023

At the dawn of the federal deportation system, the nation’s top immigration official proclaimed the power to authorize deportation arrests “an extraordinary one” to vest in administrative officers. He reassured the nation that this immense power—then wielded by a cabinet secretary, the only executive officer empowered to authorize these arrests—was exercised with “great care and deliberation.” A century later, this extraordinary power is legally trivial and systemically exercised by low-level enforcement officers alone. Consequently, thousands of these officers—the police and jailors of the immigration system— now have the power to solely determine whether deportation arrests are justified and, therefore, whether to subject over a hundred thousand people annually to the extended detention and bare process of our modern deportation system.

This deportation arrest regime—still anomalous in our law enforcement system— has been justified by the notion that immigration enforcement has always been different when it comes to arrest constraints and that the validity of the modern deportation arrest system is evidenced through its history. This Article investigates and ultimately challenges those justifications. It focuses on the advent of administrative arrest authority in the federal immigration scheme and explores how the once “extraordinary” and confined power to authorize deportation arrests became legally trivial and diffuse. It not only provides the first account of the invention and development of federal deportation arrest authority from its inception to the modern day, but also one that differs from and complicates the conventional account in critical ways. Specifically, it reveals an early system of deportation arrest procedures that, even at a time of virulent hostility toward immigrants and overtly racist immigration regulation, was designed to impose significantly greater checks on enforcement officers’ arrest authority and more robust independent review than does the modern immigration scheme. This Article also describes why that eventually changed, providing important insight on why we are where we are today.

Ultimately, this Article contests the conventional narrative that the modern deportation arrest regime is justified by its past and casts doubt on the near-unanimous case law that has relied on it. In so doing, it gives courts a reason to reconsider the constitutional validity of this scheme and provides historical support for calls to fundamentally transform the deportation arrest system.
Telegraph Torts: The Lost Lineage of the Public Service Corporation
Authors: Atkinson Evelyn
Published: October 2023

At the turn of the twentieth century, state courts were roiled by claims against telegraph corporations for mental anguish resulting from the failure to deliver telegrams involving the death or injury of a family member. Although these “telegraph cases” at first may seem a bizarre outlier, they in fact reveal an important and understudied moment of transformation in the nature of the relationship between the corporation and the public: the role of affective relations in the development of the category of the public utility corporation. Even as powerful corporations were recast as private, rights-bearing, profit-making market actors in constitutional law, a significant minority of rural state courts deviated from the common law to impose liability for mental anguish on negligent telegraph corporations. They did so on the basis that telegraph companies bore a duty to protect the emotional wellbeing and family connections of their customers. In this, courts gave voice to the popular view, voiced by telegraph users and promoted by the companies themselves, of the telegraph corporation as a faithful servant of individual families and communities. In so doing, they embedded the historical and popular perception of the corporation as “servant” into the definition of “public service.”

This Article exposes the private law of the public service corporation and the noneconomic dimension of the legal category of “public utility.” Current scholarship has focused on how turn-of-the-century jurists developed the category of “public utility” or “public service” corporation to justify state economic regulations that would otherwise infringe on corporations’ newfound constitutional rights. The telegraph cases reveal a concurrent and complementary development in tort law: the imposition of affective responsibilities on certain corporations as well. Illuminating this doctrine offers an example of how the public utility category could be mobilized to protect the emotional as well as economic wellbeing of the public today.
ADDRESSING THE RURAL LENDING GAP: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ACCESS TO CREDIT FOR URBAN AND RURAL FARMERS IN ODISHA
Authors: Aakash Meher  , Sweeta Agrawal
Published: October 2023

Access to credit is a critical factor in the growth and sustainability of agricultural activities, especially for farmers in both urban and rural areas. However, a persistent gap in lending practices between urban and rural farmers has been observed, hindering the potential of rural farmers for economic development. This research seeks to understand and analyse the factors contributing to the rural lending gap and explore potential solutions to bridge this divide. For the purpose of this research a questioner was prepared and distributed among a sample of 130 farmers hailing from the state of Odisha, India. These questionnaires were administered through one-on-one interactions as well as in focus group discussions, allowing for a diverse range of responses. The data collected from these questionnaires and interviews was analysed. The study revealed that collateral constraints, information asymmetry, geographical isolation, risk perception, lack of financial literacy, and inadequate infrastructure collectively contribute to the disparity in credit access. By identifying the challenges faced by rural farmers, this research will provide valuable recommendations to financial institutions and policymakers on how to design more inclusive and effective lending policies.
KEYWORDS- Urban, Rural, Farmers, Lending Gap
EFFECTS OF PULMONARY REHABILITATION IN SUBTERRANEAN SALT CHAMBERS ON FUNCTIONAL STATUS, CHEST MOBILITY, AND ENDURANCE OF PATIENTS WITH POST-COVID SYNDROM
Authors: Janus Paweł Wojciech , Mętel Sylwia , Koprowski Marek
Published: October 2023

Aim: The main objective of this retrospective study was to determine the effect of a pulmonary rehabilitation programme conducted in underground salt chambers on functional status, chest mobility, and endurance of patients with post-COVID syndrome. In addition, we attempted to determine whether the symptoms reported by specific patients depended on the period in which they suffered from COVID-19.
Materials and Methods: Based on the analysis of the ’Wieliczka’ Salt Mine Health Resort patients’ medical records, the effects of post-COVID rehabilitation programme, in effect from June 19th, 2021 till October 28th, 2022, i.e. during 19 consecutive 3-week treatment stays, were assessed. The programme involved 699 patients, of whom 591 completed the entire programme. For each patient, the Post-COVID Functional Status questionnaire was completed, chest mobility was measured using a tape measure, and endurance was evaluated using the 2-Minute Step Test.
Results: The most common symptoms reported in the Post-COVID Functional Status questionnaire were: chronic fatigue, post-exertional malaise, and dyspnoea on exertion. The mean chest mobility significantly increased from 4.07 ± 2.17 cm before to 5.95 ± 4.99 cm (p < 0.001) after completion of the programme. In a definite majority of patients (n = 467, i.e. 79%), an improvement of the result of 2-Minute Step Test was observed, usually accompanied by increased fatigue with concomitant reduction of dyspnoea on exertion. The period in which patients suffered from the infection had no effect on reporting of specific symptoms.
Conclusions: Subterraneotherapy combined with pulmonary rehabilitation improves functional status, chest mobility, and endurance in patients with post-COVID syndrome.
THE IMPORTANCE OF FUNCTIONAL EXAMINATION OF PATIENTS AND ASSESSMENT OF PERIPHERAL HEMODYNAMICS IN THE REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS WITH OBLITERATING ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF THE VESSELS OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIES
Authors: Shumeyko Іgor A. , Ligonenko Alexei V. , Zubacha Anatoliy B. , Chornaya Irina A. , Storogenko Alexei V. , Mamontov Ivan M. , Yarochenko Roman A.
Published: October 2023

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment and clarify the medical and social criteria for the rehabilitation of patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of the vessels of the lower extremities.
Materials and Methods: A comprehensive clinical and instrumental examination of 54 patients who underwent various types of operations for obliterating atherosclerosis of the vessels of the lower extremities 3 years ago and 11 non-operated patients who made up the control group was conducted.All examined (men) aged from 45 to 60 years. The average duration of the disease was about 7 years. Operations were performed mainly in the II and III stages of the disease.
Results: A complex clinical and functional examination of the patients revealed: in most of them, after the operation, the general condition improved or the process stabilized, periodic lameness decreased, and the intensity of pain decreased. However, intermittent lameness still persisted in 93% of them, and pain in the lower limbs at rest occurred in 41%. Calf muscle spasms were noted in 70% of patients, frostbite of the feet persisted in 51%. The pulse on the peripheral arteries was determined in 36% of the examined.
Conclusions: The main criterion for the rehabilitation of obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower extremities patients is the degree of blood circulation compensation achieved as a result of the operation. The obtained data open wide opportunities for social and labor rehabilitation of patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of the lower extremities, which allows 53% of them to return to working capacity.
THE EFFECT OF TREATMENT WITH MAGNETIC STIMULATION ON THE CONCENTRATION OF INTERLEUKIN-6, MORPHOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF BLOOD AND CRP IN COVID-19 PATIENTS: PRELIMINARY RESULTS
Authors: Jankowska Agnieszka Małgorzata , Koszela Kamil , Irzmański Robert , Laskowska Justyna , Janczewska Katarzyna , Woldańska-Okońska Marta
Published: October 2023

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of low-frequency magnetic field in the hybrid treatment of COVID-19 patients, i.e., including magnetic stimulation in the standard treatment.
Materials and Methods: In the study groups, the patients were subjected to magnetic field - magnetic stimulation with the use of apparatus Viofor JPS System. In laboratory tests, the following levels were assessed in the patients: interleukin 6 (IL -6), leukocytes (WBC), monocytes (MONO), platelets (PLT) and CRP.
Results: In patients hospitalized for COVID-19 who received magnetic stimulation treatments with the use of the Viofor JPS System device, a statistically significant reduction in proinflammatory IL-6 levels was achieved (28.72 vs. 6.05 pg/ml, p=0.008). In the study group (with magnetic stimulation) we also observed a higher number of monocytes (MONO) with a more stable level of leukocytes (WBC) compared to the control group (without magnetic stimulation).
Conclusions: It is probable that the application of low-frequency magnetic field in the hybrid treatment of COVID-19 patients may reduce pro-inflammatory factors (IL- 6). The low frequency magnetic fields are capable of restoring body homeostasis in terms of parameters evaluated in laboratory tests (WBC, MONO, PLT, CRP) which requires further research.
THE ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECT OF THE WHOLE-BODY CRYOTHERAPY ON THE FUNCTIONAL STATUS OF PATIENTS WITH LUMBAR SPINE OSTEOARTHRITIS
Authors: Milewska Aleksandra , Przedborska Agnieszka , Kilon Małgorzata , Kikowski Łukasz , Irzmański Robert
Published: October 2023

Aim: To assess the effect of the whole-body cryotherapy on everyday functioning and the severity of pain of patients diagnosed with lumbar spine osteoarthritis.
Materials and Methods: The study included 100 patients with osteoarthritis who underwent a course of a series of 10 treatments of the whole-body cryotherapy in cryogenic chamber. The Visual Analogue Scale and the Revised Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Scale were used to assess the effectiveness of the therapy. The mobility of the spine was examined using the Thomayer test and the Schober one.
Results: A significant statistical improvement was demonstrated in the reduction of pain (p<0.0001) and daily functioning (p<0.0001). The biggest change was observed in the case of personal care, sleeping and traveling activities. There was no significant change in walking (p=0, 6323), sitting (p=0, 0827) and lifting heavy objects (p=0.0761).
Conclusions: The use of the whole-body cryotherapy significantly improves daily functional efficiency and reduces pain of patients with lumbar spine osteoarthritis. In addition, the range of mobility is improved
„Szkoła berlińska”, czyli postulat filmu jako sztuki albo „tęsknota za ocaleniem opowieści”
Authors: Fiuk Ewa
Published: October 2023

Artykuł jest próbą przedstawienia historii i istoty zjawiska artystycznego, które pojawiło się w kinie niemieckim w połowie lat 90., a które niedługo potem krytycy filmowi okrzyknęli mianem „szkoły berlińskiej”. Działający w duchu odnowy niemieckiego filmu autorskiego reżyserzy, wśród których znajdziemy tak znane dziś nazwiska, jak Maren Ade (Toni Erdmann), Valeska Grisebach (Western) czy Christian Petzold (Barbara), nie stworzyli wprawdzie nigdy żadnego sformalizowanego ruchu, jednak ich twórczość pozwala się analizować jako pewna całość oparta na określonym porządku ideologiczno-estetycznym, dotyczącym zarówno samych fabuł, ich formalnej konstrukcji, jak i działań okołofilmowych – produkcji, dystrybucji i recepcji. Charakteryzujące się audiowizualną surowością, narracyjną skromnością i realistyczną wymową utwory „szkoły berlińskiej”, realizowane najpierw jako niszowe produkcje telewizyjne, w pierwszej dekadzie nowego wieku wyróżniane podczas kolejnych edycji festiwalu w Cannes, z czasem stały się częścią europejskiego kina głównego nurtu, trafiając do świadomości szerokiej widowni.