bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Changes of structural properties in polycrystalline Y2O3 under heating in air and vacuum
Authors: Solovyeva A. E.
Published: November 2024

Polymorphic transformations of the first and second kind of ordered cubic structure of type C into a disordered type C1 were found during heating of samples of Y2O3 oxide grade (99,990 %) for phosphors in the range of 500‒1100 °C in air and vacuum. Phase transformations proceed without changing the chemical composition of oxygen in yttrium oxide. The mechanism of these phase transformations defined. The chemical composition of oxygen of the cubic structure of the C1 Y2O3 type is stable up to 1750 °C in air and up to 1500 °C in vacuum. The change in the chemical composition of Y2O3‒х with respect to the oxygen content in the C1 type cubic phase was studied. The cubic structure of the C1-type phase with a changed chemical composition in terms of the oxygen content in the lattice is stable up to 2200 °C in air and up to 1800 °C in vacuum and decomposes at these temperatures into an ordered type C and a monoclinic type B phase. For the first time it waхs theoretically substantiated. For the first time theoretically substantiated and experimentally confirmed, that when samples are heated in the range of 2100‒2200 °C in vacuum and deviate from stoichiometry to the composition YO1,37, the cubic phase of type Cх decomposes into 2 cubic phases: type F with the content of anionic vacancies and lattice parameter a = 0,5265 nm (space group Fm3m) and cubic phase of C11 type by the content of color centers and lattice parameter a = 1,0652 nm (space of group Ia3). The refractive indices of these phases were determined. The phases of type F and C11 are stable when heated in air to 1300 °C. In the range of 1300‒1400 °C in air, yttrium oxide samples are oxidized to the composition Y2O3. The energy of oxygen migration into the yttrium oxide lattice was defined and the rates diffusion of oxygen during oxidation was calculated and dependence from the temperature of oxidation was found. Ill. 7. Ref. 27.
A Rapid Fluorescent in vitro Assay Suitable for Studying the Kinetics of O6-Alkylguanine Lesion Progression to DNA Inter-Strand Cross-Links and the Kinetics of the Primary Lesion’s Repair
Authors: Philip G Penketh
Published: November 2024

An assay is described that permits the study of the kinetics of DNA cross-link precursor formation, the kinetics of cross-formation, and the kinetics of the repair of these DNA cross-link precursor lesions, at physiological pH values. Due to the relatively rapid nature of these processes existing assays are not suited to the study of these processes. Data obtained using this assay can be used to optimize the design of certain classes of anticancer drugs.
Impact of the Implementation of a Trauma Center in a Level III University Hospital: A Single Center's Experience
Authors: Di Bella Annamaria , Alemanno Giovanni , Perini Davina , Bruscino Alessandro , Maltinti Gherardo , De Vincenti Rosita , Bonizzoli Manuela , Nencioni Andrea , Citone Michele , Vanni Simone , Innocenti Francesca , Frezzetti Gianluca , Bartolini Lina , Franci Andrea , Di Valvasone Simona , Valletta Alessandra , Sangiovanni Massimo , De Biase Paolo , Piovelli Rita , Cerofolini Irene , Tomaiuolo Matteo , Prosperi Paolo
Published: November 2024

Purpose: A trauma team (TT) is reported to improve the management and polytraumas outcome. To assess the impact on, the decision-making process in the execution of surgical and interventional procedures, trauma patient results were examined before and after TT introduction.Methods: This was a non-randomized single-center retrospective study of major trauma patients who accessed our level III university hospital Shock Room (SR) in the 20 months prior to the establishment of the TT (preTT group) and in the following 20 months (postTT group).Results: There were 947 patients (418 preTT, 529 postTT) admitted in the SR due to a traumatic event. Comparing the 2 periods, a significant decreases in time spent in SR (p = 0.008), Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score in the Intensive Care Unit (p = 0.027), and estimated blood loss in Operating Room (p = 0.003) was observed. A significant increase was observed in the number of days of assisted ventilation (p < 0.001), the number of Damage Control Surgery procedures (p = 0.008), and non-operative managements for splenic and liver injuries (p = 0.004).Conclusion: A significant change in the type of surgical procedures performed and increase in the number of non-operative managements were observed in the period following the implementation of the computed tomography; this was particularly evident in splenic trauma management where a complete alignment with the World Society of Emergency Surgery guidelines recommendations was reached. These results demonstrated the management of traumatic pathology with a dedicated TT represents the best approach for polytraumas.
An Unusual Cause of Mesenteric Ischemia of the Small Intestine: Jejunal Neuroendocrine Tumor
Authors: Dahanayake Amandri , Pillay Yagan
Published: November 2024

Small intestinal neuroendocrine tumors are rare gastrointestinal malignancies (< 0.5% of all cancers). Complications at presentation include bleeding, abdominal pain, and bowel obstruction; small bowel ischemia and bowel necrosis are rare. A 63-year-old patient was referred from a rural hospital to Acute Care Surgery with bowel obstruction, and arrived in septic shock. He was resuscitated, diagnosed with mesenteric ischemia, and underwent an exploratory laparotomy which identified an internal hernia (which was released), and small bowel ischemia and necrosis which were resected. The incidence of acute mesenteric ischemia < 0.2% of all acute surgical admissions. Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia accounts for 20% of all etiologies and was evident in this case. The superior mesenteric artery pulse was clinically palpable and there were no signs intraoperatively of venous stasis at the root of the mesentery. Pathology confirmed multiple small bowel mesentery neuroendocrine tumor nodules. Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment.
Rare Isolated Jejunal Injury Following Blunt Abdominal Trauma
Authors: Roy Anurag , Kumar M Arun , Jyoti Kshitij , Santhosh A Saravana , Popli Vitesh
Published: November 2024

Blunt trauma to the abdomen can result in various injuries which are potentially fatal if not promptly recognized and treated. Mechanism of injury, anatomical location, patient demographics, and clinical profile play crucial roles in diagnosis and management. The article presents 2 cases illustrating the challenges, and successful management of isolated jejunal injuries, and highlight the significance of early recognition and surgical intervention. These injuries are rare and there needs to be a high index of suspicion, especially in cases with atypical presentation. The cases in this article underscore the critical role of early surgical intervention in achieving optimal recovery and reducing the morbidity and mortality associated with isolated jejunal injuries. Clinicians need to consider the possibility of small bowel perforation following apparently trivial injuries, and employ a comprehensive approach to managing abdominal trauma.
Gallstone Ileus: Strangulation of the Small Bowel Following a Remote History of a Cholecystectomy
Authors: Shihadeh Sammy , Carey Kyle , Llerena Luis , Al-Rawi Ali
Published: November 2024

Gallstone ileus is rare complication of cholecystitis or cholelithiasis due to the formation of an aberrant communication between the gallbladder and small bowel. The movement of the gallstone to the small bowel may cause bowel obstruction. A patient presented with acute onset abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and tenderness around the umbilical area. Physical exam, laboratory tests, and computed tomography were performed. Within 24 hours the patient had developed peritonitis. He received an emergency exploratory laparotomy, and small bowel resection and anastomosis of the proximal jejunum. The patient had gallstone ileus complicated by the presence of an intraluminal abscess and perforation due to pressure necrosis caused by the gallstone. The patient recovered and was discharged on postoperative day 31. Despite having had a cholecystectomy 20 years prior this case highlights a patient who suffered a rare case of gallstone ileus.
Role of Trauma Surgeons at a Regional Trauma Center in South Korea
Authors: Seo Dongmin , Heo Inhae , Jung Hohyung , Jung Kyoungwon
Published: November 2024

Purpose: Treatment at a dedicated trauma center significantly reduces the mortality rate after trauma. High-quality trauma care requires well-established systems. Moreover, the presence of an on-site trauma surgeon during resuscitation improves outcomes. Although the trauma system history, including trauma centers in South Korea, is relatively short, it has developed rapidly, and trauma surgeons’ roles have also been established. This study aimed to show clinical performance, particularly in trauma surgery, and the outcomes of a regional trauma center serving as a Level 1 trauma center in South Korea.Methods: Using the Korean Trauma Data Bank, data collected at Ajou University Hospital Trauma Center between January 2020 and December 2022 was retrospectively analyzed. Patients’ demographic characteristics, mechanisms of injuries, trauma surgery types, and outcomes were evaluated.Results: There were 9,205 patients admitted with trauma, of whom 1,149 underwent trauma surgery (including laparotomy, thoracotomy, pelvic packing, neck surgery, and peripheral vascular surgery). A total of 1,787 trauma surgeries were performed, and the mean time to surgery for hypotensive patients with hemorrhagic shock from arrival was approximately 50 minutes. Damage control surgery including laparotomy, thoracotomy, and pelvic packing accounted for 12% of cases. It was determined that the mortality rate (excluding death on arrival) was less than 5%, and the length of hospital stay decreased over the study period.Conclusion: Clinical performance, particularly in trauma surgery, conducted by dedicated trauma surgeons, has led to favorable clinical outcomes at a regional trauma center in South Korea.
Annotation for Fungi v2
Authors: Bassi Sebastian , Gonzalez Virginia , Yang Tristan
Published: November 2024

Protocol to annotate a fungi genome
Impacto del programa “UMU Fortalece tu espalda” sobre la flexibilidad y calidad de vida en trabajadores de la universidad
Authors: Giménez de Cisneros María de los Ángeles , Ginés-Díaz María Angelica , Lison-Gambín Estefania , Valverde Conesa Andrés , Ortega-Toro Enrique
Published: November 2024

Currently, the implementation of physical and psychological wellness programs in the workplace has increased in order to improve the performance and quality of life of employees. The main objective of this study was to analyze the effect of a physical exercise program in university workers, aimed at improving quality of life and flexibility. The sample consisted of 14 participants, workers of the University of Murcia, between 54.93±10.61 years of age, who took part in the program "UMU Fortalece tu espalda" (UMU Strengthens your back). A quasi-experimental study was carried out with evaluations before and after the intervention. The participants attended a physical exercise program for the improvement of low back pain two non-consecutive days a week for 3 months. Two questionnaires (SF12 and Back Pain Questionnaire) and the following tests were used to obtain data: Sit and reach test; Lumbo-horizontal angle test in asthenic sedentation; and Lumbo-horizontal angle test in the toe-touch position. Significant improvements were observed in general health (p=0.047) with a 4 % increase in scores and a slight improvement in physical and metal heath of 2,85 % and 4,8%, respectively. In addition, there was an average increase of 2,32cm in the flexibility of the ischiosural musculature (p=0.003) with an improvement of 1, 99º in the lumbo-horizontal angle in asthenic sedentation and of 3, 53º in the toe-touch position (p=0.040). The application of a specific physical exercise program in workers of the University of Murcia, aimed at improving flexibility and general health, showed improvements both in the quality of life and in the flexibility of the participants.
Herb larch forests of the Tukuringra Ridge (Russian Far East): an example of transition between hemiboreal and boreal vegetation
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Plant Ecology and Geography Dept., Ryabenko Olga I. ,   Zeysky State Nature Reserve, Dudov Sergey V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Plant Ecology and Geography Dept.,   Zeysky State Nature Reserve, Bocharnikov Maxim V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Geography, Biogeography Dept.
Published: November 2024

We classified herbaceous larch forests of the Tukuringra ridge (Russia, Amur Region) using the Braun-Blanquet approach and examined how these communities sequentially change along the transition from hemiboreal to boreal forests. We described distinctiveness of the studied communities using ordination, digital terrain analysis and geographical structure of community-specific species pools. The prodromus includes syntaxa of the classes Querco mongolicae–Betuletea davuricae Ermakov 1997 and Vaccinio–Piceetea Br.-Bl. in Br.-Bl. et al. 1939. The former is represented by two associations, one of which is described for the first time (Querco mongolicae–Laricetum cajanderi Krestov, Ermakov, Osipov et Nakamura 2009 and Convallario keiskei–Laricetum gmelinii ass. nov.), the latter is represented only by a new association (Lathyro humilis–Laricetum gmelinii ass. nov.). Studied communities have a high degree of nestedness, showing a gradual change along the environmental gradient. At the same time, our results highlight the individual characteristics of the described syntaxa.
Altitudinal-belt structure of the vegetation of the Oka Plateau (Eastern Sayan): mapping and analysis. I. Spruce forests as a rare formation in the area
Authors:   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Vinogradov Alexandr A. , Bocharnikov Maxim V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University, Serebryanyi Michael M. ,   N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden RAS, Voitsekhovskaya Svetlana O. ,   N.V. Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden RAS, Dudov Sergey V. ,   Lomonosov Moscow State University
Published: November 2024

The study of ecosystem diversity of mountain territories is possible on the basis of the biome concept, which allows a regional assessment of the diversity of its components with the possibility of comparative-geographical analysis. The paper reveals the structure of the altitudinal zonation of vegetation of the Oka Plateau, represented by the nival – tundra-goltsy – mountain tundra – subgoltsy – mountain taiga – forest-steppe type of zonation and determines the position of spruce forests in this structure. Based on the map obtained as a result of interpretation of a composite of multi-temporal Landsat space images of 2017-2021 using GLAD ARD methodology, cartographic interpretation of the vegetation altitude belts was given, revealing the distribution of spruce forests in the study area. The small areas occupied by the communities, their ecotopic confinement and the specificity of natural regeneration made it possible to identify compliance with the geographical criteria of rarity and high conservation value of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), as well as arealological, ecotopic and dynamic features used in the assessment of rarity in other studies. Conservation of spruce forest ecosystems is a necessary condition for maintaining the gene pool of ecosystem diversity of vegetation of the mountains of South Siberia.
The influence of environmental factors on woman's reproductive health
Authors: Zhirnov I. A. , Nazmieva K. A. , Khabibullina A. I. , Ilyasova L. A. , Saidmursalova N. S. , Demisheva R. R. , Alikhadzhieva P. E. , Soltagereeva A. Kh. , Golovnya A. A. , Kakhramonova A. V. , Dzhalilov I. M. , Galimova U. U.
Published: November 2024

Introduction. The environment undoubtedly affects the physiological processes in human body, which may be both beneficial and harmful. From 2011 to 2021, the incidence of female infertility in Russia increased by 30 % reaching 789.1 cases per 100,000 women in 2021.

Aim: to assess an impact of environmental factors including endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) on women's reproductive health by assessing available publications.

Materials and Methods. Available studies were searched through the scientific literature databases until April 2024 by revealing 5,732 articles in the PubMed/MEDLINE database, 6,587 in Google Scholar and 2,350 in eLibrary. The publications were selected in accordance with PRISMA recommendations. The current review included 90 publications.

Results. Fertility experimental and epidemiological studies showed that environmental factors such as climate, temperature, seasonality, radiation, air pollution, diet and energy balance, working environment, bad habits (e.g. smoking), EDC (plasticizers, heavy metals, parabens, pesticides, industrial chemicals and their by-products, medicines, perfluorochemicals, antibacterial agents) may be associated with impaired female reproductive function.

Conclusion. Environmental factors, including EDC, have a significant impact on women's reproductive health and can negatively affect fertility. The main findings of current research confirm a need to raise awareness of the risks associated with exposure to chemicals on women's body.
Development of postprocessors for CNC "Axiom Control"
Authors: Gusev Sergey S. , Makarov Vadim V.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: Currently, the issue of using means of automation in various ways is widely studied in the worldwide industry. Use of the automatized systems at various stages of manufacturing leads to significant increase of labor productivity in various indicators and ensures solution of multiple problems related to cost reduction during manufacturing, increase of equipment performance and increase of quality of final products.
AIM: Formalization of the process of development of the control program for the CNC by means of creation of the postprocessors for the AksiOMA Control CNC.
METHODS: Key objects of study and interaction during operation are various means of automation (computer-aided design and the software which is necessary for work with postprocessors) necessary for development of products and describing the technology of machining of them with the consequent postprocessing to obtain the control program.
RESULTS: The result of the study is the development of the postprocessors for the consequent postprocessing of the control program has begun on the basis of the problem related to the development of the postprocessor for the AksiOMA Control CNC. In the manual of the CNC programmer, the base notation about the language syntax, control commands for the machining station and the CNC is given. The decision to begin the development of the postprocessor for the three-axial machining by means of editing the Siemens 840 basic postprocessor is made, because the control program syntax of it was similar to the syntax of the AksiOMA Control CNC system.
CONCLUSION: As the result of the conducted study, the role of the automatized systems in the process of design and development of control programs was considered. For solving the problem of the development of the postprocessors for the AksiOMA Control CNC, the IMSpost package for automatized postprocessor development was chosen.
Aleksander F. Tur — outstanding pediatrician, scientist, teacher (on the 130th anniversary of birth)
Authors: Revnova Maria O. , Ivanov Dmitry O. , Gaiduk Irina M. , Polishchuk Tatyana V. , Kaprior Ekaterina V. , Emelyanova Anna V. , Koltuntseva Inna V. , Sakhno Larisa V. , Bairova Svetlana V. , Mishkina Tatjana V. , Reshetnyak Ilya A. , Fadeeva Anna V. , Makarova Elizaveta Y.
Published: November 2024

In 2024, the medical community will celebrate the 130th anniversary of the birth of the outstanding pediatrician, scientist, creator of scientific and practical schools of pediatrics — Alexander F. Tur. Alexander F. Tur was born on September 3 (15), 1894. In 1911 he was enrolled in the Imperial Military Medical Academy. From April 1915 he worked as a doctor in the active army; in August of the same year, A.F. Tur was captured and worked as a doctor in the infirmary for 3 years. In 1918, A.F. Tur resumed his studies at the Academy. From 1921 to 1930 — he worked part-time in the clinic of childhood diseases of the Military Medical Academy, under the guidance of Professor M.S. Maslov, in 1925 he was enrolled in the staff of the Leningrad Scientific and Practical Institute of Maternity and Infancy Protection named after Clara Zetkin. In 1939, the Department of Hospital Pediatrics was organized at the institute, headed by Alexander F. Tur and worked there until the end of his life. During the war years, A.F. Tur supervised the organization of clinic bomb shelters, advised children, conducted rounds, lectured students, and gave lectures to residents of the besieged city. A.F. Tur worked on a wide range of scientific problems in pediatrics, devoting his work to the most pressing issues of medicine: physiological characteristics and education of healthy children, physiology and pathology of newborns and premature babies, hematology of a healthy and sick child, dietetics of a healthy and sick child, rickets in children and its prevention, organization of children’s healthcare. A.F. Tur laid the foundations of preventive medicine at the outpatient stage, which are still followed today. The legacy of scientist is a fundamental pediatric school, a large number of scientific discoveries and works, thousands of trained do.
Comparative assessment of the new method for neurological examination of pre-term babies
Authors: Palchik Alexander B. , Yuryeva Diana S. , Myznikova Irina V. , Petrenko Yuriy V.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: Diseases of the nervous system and mental disorders have a leading place in the structure of childhood disability. Perinatal factors are principal in the development of nervous system damage in children. Of particular importance in the formation of perinatal disorders of the nervous system are lesions of the brain of pre-term infants, which is due to the specific morphology, functional and neurochemical characteristics of the brain of a pre-term baby. The listed circumstances determine the need to create a diagnostic system that allows the earliest possible identification of deviant signs in the structure and function of the nervous system in pre-term infants of different gestational age. Previously, the low diagnostic and prognostic value of a routine neurological examination was shown. A scheme for assessing the neurological state of a pre-term baby depending on the gestational age is proposed. The scheme is based on the principles of developmental neurology: continuity of neurological functions in the embryo, fetus, newborn and infant; optimality; standardization; quantification; a system of “credits” for the quantitative assessment of neurological states.
AIM: The purpose of this study was clinical testing of the early developed scheme.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using a routine neurological examination, a proposed original scheme for quantitative and qualitative assessment of the neurological status of the pre-term infant, and cranial ultrasonography, 40 pre-term infants during the neonatal period were examined. A follow-up study was carried out at 18 corrected months through a routine neurological examination, cranial ultrasonography, and the Denver Screening Test using the Development Quotient calculation.
RESULTS: It has been shown that a routine neurological examination has low specificity (6.6%) and negative predictive value (14.3%), which indicates its low ability to identify normal conditions of the nervous system in the acute period and predict optimal development. Cranial ultrasonography has low sensitivity (33.3%). The tested scheme showed high sensitivity (100%), specificity (100%), positive (83.3%) and negative (100%) predictive values.
CONCLUSIONS: Clinical testing of the new scheme for assessing the neurological status of a pre-term baby showed its high diagnostic and prognostic value.
The influence of complications of pregnancy, childbirth and comorbid pathology on the level of physical development of children of indigenous peoples of the North of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug — Yugra
Authors: Ragozin Oleg N. , Jafarova Bakhaly Z. , Iliyushchenko Natalia A. , Ragozina Olga V. , Shevnin Igor A.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: The state policy in the field of public health protection is aimed at increasing the birth rate, reducing mortality, and preventing diseases. The topic of the health of the indigenous peoples of the North (IPN) has been and remains relevant today for Russia.
AIM: To assess the physical development of children of indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North, depending on the mother’s comorbid pathology, complications of pregnancy and childbirth.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study examined the physical development of children of indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North, the comorbid pathology of their mothers, the course of their pregnancy and childbirth. Factorial and regression analysis methods were used to identify relationships and interdependencies.
RESULTS: In the studied group of children of the IPN, low physical development is observed in 4.49% of children, average in 49.43%, high in 48.31% of children. Girls have a significantly lower physical development (2.12%) compared to boys — 7.14%. In the studied group of children of the IPN, there is not a single case of sharply disharmonious physical development. In pregnant women, representatives of the IPN, anemia, chronic urogenital infections, liver and biliary tract diseases, obesity and diseases of the cardiovascular system are most often observed in the structure of comorbid pathology. Among the pregnancy complications of the mothers of the examined children, fetoplacental insufficiency, gestosis, high/low water intake, the threat of termination of pregnancy, threatening premature birth are observed. Among the complications of childbirth, there are umbilical cord entanglement, labor reinforcement, neonatal jaundice and perinatal lesions of the central nervous system. At the stage of regression analysis, predictors were identified that affect the physical development of the child — these are intrauterine growth retardation and fetal hypotrophy, threatening premature birth in a woman in labor, and the gestational age of the newborn.
CONCLUSIONS: A high level of physical development is determined in 48.31% of children of the IPN, average in 49.43%, low in only 2.26%, which indicates the adaptation of the indigenous population to the harsh conditions of the North. The structure of comorbid pathology in women living in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug — Yugra mainly corresponds to the average indicators in the Russian Federation, both in qualitative and quantitative terms. The exception is a regional pathology with liver and biliary tract damage associated with the epidemiological situation in the opisthorchiasis district. Regression analysis revealed the interdependence of the child’s physical development from intrauterine growth retardation, threatening premature birth, intrauterine hypotrophy and gestational age.
Prospects for increasing the chances of successful vaginal delivery in women with a scar on the uterus after cesarean section
Authors: Kuznetsova Natalya B. , Ilуasova Gulmira M. , Bushtyreva Irina O. , Pavlova Natalia G. , Shatalov Alexander E.
Published: November 2024

The review is devoted to one of the pressing problems of modern obstetrics — the delivery of women with a uterine scar after cesarean section. A scar on the uterus can cause various complications during pregnancy and childbirth. One of the main problems is scar failure. Pregnant women with a uterine scar, even after one cesarean section, should be considered at high risk for the development of complications. Visual diagnostic methods, such as ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging, can only detect anatomical defects. Predicting the viability of a uterine scar is based, first of all, on a thorough analysis of data on a previous cesarean section. The choice of delivery method for pregnant women with a uterine scar is determined by its viability. It is not just the anatomical consistency of the uterine scar that is important, but also the functional one. The review presents criteria for diagnosing failure of the uterine scar according to ultrasound examination, data on the relationship between the initial thickness of the residual myometrium in the first trimester of pregnancy and the outcomes of pregnancy and childbirth. Considering that the functional viability of the uterine scar in subsequent pregnancies is largely determined by the course of reparative processes in the myometrium, especially the nature of angiogenesis, original studies are aimed at searching for diagnostic markers of the intensity of reparative angiogenesis. Generalization of existing knowledge about the possibilities of preclinical diagnosis of the consistency of the uterine scar will increase the number of vaginal births after cesarean section, reducing the number of abdominal births.
Post-COVID cognitive impairments: targets of neuropsychological rehabilitation
Authors: Kutkova Anna K. , Zemlyanykh Marina V. , Voznyuk Igor A.
Published: November 2024

BACKGROUND: At the moment, a large number of scientific studies are devoted to the topic of post-COVID cognitive disorders, as well as to the study of the neurological and psychiatric consequences of COVID-19. However, the issues of describing the cognitive profile that is pathognomonic for a post-COVID patient, as well as the treatment and neurocorrection of emerging disorders are considered extremely rarely.
AIM: The aim of this study is to compile a cognitive profile of a post-COVID patient and identify targets for neuropsychological rehabilitation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A complete neuropsychological examination was carried out on 50 patients who had suffered moderate or mild COVID-19 no more than six months ago from the time of research. Used: MoCA test, clock drawing test, verbal association technique, FAB, G. Head test, test for understanding comparative constructions, “barrel and box” test, symbol-numeric coding test, asthenia rating scale (MFI-20), Hospital scale anxiety and depression.
RESULTS: According to the results of screening scales, patients scored borderline between normal and mild (subjective) cognitive decline. No impairments in operational auditory-verbal and visual memory were detected. Low performance in the symbolic-numeric coding technique was revealed, combined with a deterioration in the understanding of logical-grammatical structures. These same scales have a direct correlation with the general level of cognitive integrity. High rates of anxiety and asthenia and low rates of depression were revealed.
CONCLUSIONS: This cohort of patients was found to have mild cognitive deficits. A decrease in neurodynamic parameters and a violation of quasi-spatial concepts come to the fore. There are high rates of anxiety and asthenia with the leading mental component of asthenia, against the background of preserved motivation and low rates of depression. The targets of neurocorrection for these patients are: stability of attention, fluency of speech, speed of thinking, quasi-spatial concepts.
Diagnosis and treatment of transient neonatal thrombocytopenia (Draft clinical recommendations for discussion by specialists)
Authors: Ivanov Dmitry O. , Chumakova Galina N. , Balashova Ekaterina N. , Belousova Tamara V. , Bem Elena V. , Kazantseva Anastasia Y. , Levadneva Marina I. , Myznikova Irina V. , Pavlova Svetlana E. , Panchenko Aleksandra S. , Pshenichnaya Ksenia I. , Romanova Larisa A. , Subora Nina V. , Fedorova Larisa A. , Yakovleva Ekaterina E.
Published: November 2024

Transient neonatal thrombocytopenia occurs with a frequency of 0.7–0.9% and is divided by etiological factor into primary (alloimmune and transimmune) and secondary (symptomatic) thrombocytopenia, according to the time of occurrence of thrombocytopenia is divided into early and late. The main clinical manifestation of thrombocytopenia is hemorrhagic syndrome of varying severity, which occurs in 20–30% of newborns with thrombocytopenia, in other newborns thrombocytopenia is asymptomatic. The most severe clinical symptom is intracranial hemorrhages, which occur in 10–30% of cases. The most common types of bleeding of the platelet-vascular type are petechiae, ecchymoses, nosebleeds, melena, hematuria, cephalohematoma and other types of bleeding. In dynamics, symptoms of posthemorrhagic anemia may appear with massive bleeding (pallor, tachycardia, tachypnea, decreased blood pressure). The main criterion for the diagnosis of transient neonatal thrombocytopenia is a decrease in the number of platelets below the reference values for a given gestational and chronological age of a newborn child. To diagnose the type of thrombocytopenia, a thorough collection of maternal anamnesis is necessary, examination of parents if they suspect the immune nature of the disease, diagnosis of the disease as a result of which thrombocytopenia has developed, if it is secondary. Correction of thrombocytopenia, if indicated, is carried out by intravenous administration of platelet concentrate. If the immune nature of thrombocytopenia with severe thrombocytopenia is suspected and/or the presence of moderate and higher hemorrhagic syndrome, the administration of normal human immunoglobulin is recommended. If immunoglobulin therapy for immune thrombocytopenia is ineffective, glucocorticoids are prescribed.
Maden Karmaşığı’ndaki (Çatak-Van) Yastık Yapılı Bazaltların Kökeni: Petrografik ve Jeokimyasal Yaklaşım
Authors: Üner Tijen
Published: November 2024

Çalışma alanı (Çatak-Van), farklı yaş ve litolojilere sahip birimlerin tektonik olarak bir arada bulunduğu, Güneydoğu Anadolu Orojenik Kuşağı içerisinde yer almaktadır. Bitlis Masifi ile tektonik olarak birlikte yer alan Maden Karmaşığı, bölgede Orta Eosen yaşlı volkanik ve sedimanter birimlerle temsil edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Çatak-Van bölgesinde Maden Karmaşığı volkanik birimlerinden alınan örnekler, karmaşıktaki bazaltların oluşum mekanizmasının ortaya konulması amacıyla incelenmiştir.
Alınan örnekler üzerinden yapılan petrografik incelemeler sonucunda, bazaltlarda düşük dereceli metamorfizma ve hidrotermal alterasyonun etkileri jeokimyasal çalışmalarla da desteklenmiştir. Jeokimyasal çalışmalara göre, bölgede gözlenen yastık yapılı bazaltik kayaçlar, subalkalin-toleyitik özellik sunmaktadır. Maden Karmaşığı’na ait bu yastık bazaltlar, %10’luk granat fasiyesi ve %90’lık spinel fasiyesinden gelen eriyik fraksiyonlarının karışmasından oluşmuştur. Jeokimyasal olarak, Th, Ta, Nb bakımından hafif bir zenginleşme ve hafif nadir toprak elementleri (LREE) [(La/Yb)N=2.1-3.6] bakımından da kısmen zengin birleşimde olmaları bu kayaların tüketilmiş bir kaynağa ek olarak, daha zengin bir kimyaya sahip tüketilmemiş bir kaynaktan katkı aldığını göstermektedir. Yapılan çalışmalar sonucunda, bölgede gözlenen yastık bazaltlarının ana ve iz element verileri birbirine benzer özellik sunmaktadır. yastık bazaltlarında gözlenen benzer özellikler, bölgede gözlenen bazaltları oluşturan magmanın aynı kaynaktan ve benzer süreçlerden etkilenmiş olabileceği söylenebilir.
Mutu fisik, kimia, dan sensori ikan lemuru (Sardinella sp.) kaleng di PT X, Pengambengan, Bali
Authors: Utari Siluh Putu Sri Dia , Khairunnisa Anis , Agustin Novita
Published: November 2024

Pengalengan merupakan salah satu teknik pengolahan dan pengawetan ikan yang dikemas secara hermetis dan disterilkan. Kekonsistenan mutu penting dilakukan dan selalu diawasi sebagai upaya menjaga mutu dan keamanan pangan produk ikan kaleng. Penelitian ini bertujuan menentukan konsistensi mutu kimia (pH, histamin), fisik (viskositas), dan sensori produk pengalengan ikan lemuru (Sardinella sp.) dalam media saus tomat. Penelitian menggunakan sampel ikan lemuru kaleng merek BTN sebagai salah satu produk yang dihasilkan oleh PT X, Pengambengan. Sampel tersebut dilakukan pengamatan secara triplo selama 12 minggu terhadap kandungan pH, histamin, viskositas, dan sensori (ketampakan, tekstur, rasa, aroma, dan warna). Data dianalisis dengan sidik ragam dan uji lanjut Duncan jika berbeda nyata pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama waktu pengamatan selama 12 minggu terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan (p<0,05) terhadap nilai keasaman media saus tomat dan nilai histamin sampel BTN. Namun, waktu penyimpanan tidak berpengaruh signifikan (p>0,05) terhadap viskositas saus tomat dan mutu sensori (ketampakan, tekstur, rasa, aroma, dan warna) sampel BTN. Lemuru kaleng merek BTN yang diproduksi PT X telah konsisten dari segi viskositas saus tomat dan sensori namun tidak konsisten dari segi keasaman saus tomat dan kandungan histamin.
Aplikasi edible coating karagenan dengan penambahan kunyit dan kitosan pada bandeng cabut duri
Authors: Suharto Slamet , Purnamayati Lukita , Sumardianto  , Arifin Muhammad Hauzan
Published: November 2024

Bandeng cabut duri merupakan salah satu olahan ikan bandeng dengan mencabut duri-durinya menggunakan peralatan, yaitu pinset atau sejenisnya. Penggunaan edible coating untuk melapisi bandeng cabut duri bertujuan untuk mempertahankan masa simpan bandeng terutama jika disimpan pada suhu dingin. Bahan alami sebagai pengawet pada edible coating telah umum digunakan, namun penggunaan ekstrak kunyit dan kitosan untuk mempertahankan masa simpan bandeng cabut duri belum dilaporkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan pengaruh penambahan ekstrak kunyit dan kitosan pada edible coating karagenan terhadap perubahan kualitas ikan bandeng cabut duri selama penyimpanan suhu dingin. Ikan bandeng difilet butterfly kemudian dicoating dengan karagenan yang ditambahkan perlakuan ekstrak kunyit 25% (A) dan karagenan yang ditambahkan ekstrak kunyit 25% dan kitosan 1,5% (B). Ikan disimpan pada suhu dingin selama 8 hari dan dianalisis TPC, TVBN, pH, warna, dan sensori setiap 2 hari sekali. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan edible coating berpengaruh nyata terhadap masa simpan ikan bandeng cabut duri. Penambahan ekstrak kunyit dan kitosan pada edible coating lebih mampu mempertahankan umur simpan bandeng cabut duri selama 8 hari dibandingkan edible coating dengan ekstrak kunyit, dengan nilai TPC 4,5×105 cfu/g, TVBN 11,16 mgN/100 g, dan pH 5,9. Nilai uji warna lightness (L) 59,13; redness (a*) 13,65; dan yellowness (b*) 38,21. Ikan bandeng cabut duri penyimpanan hari ke-8 memiliki ketampakan ruas antar daging agak kokoh dan berwarna sedikit kusam dengan nilai 7,33; berbau segar namun kurang spesifik jenis dengan nilai 7,13 dan tekstur bandeng agak padat, agak kompak dan agak elastis dengan nilai 7,46.
Isolation and characterization of collagen from salmon (Salmo salar) skin using papain enzyme
Authors: Afifah Amalia , Suparno Ono , Haditjaroko Liesbetini , Tarman Kustiariyah , Setiyono Agus , Nugraha Aditya Wahyu
Published: November 2024

Kulit ikan salmon merupakan salah satu hasil samping yang dapat diolah menjadi kolagen. Kolagen larut papain (PaSC) adalah istilah yang digunakan untuk menggambarkan kolagen yang diekstraksi menggunakan kombinasi asam dan enzim papain. PaSC berpotensi menjadi sumber kolagen halal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan waktu ekstraksi dan konsentrasi enzim papain terbaik dalam menghasilkan kolagen kulit ikan salmon berdasarkan persentase rendemen dan sifat kimia. Kulit ikan salmon diekstrak menggunakan kombinasi asam asetat (0,5 M) dan enzim papain (500; 1.000; 1.500 U/mg/g kulit) selama 1; 2; dan 3 jam. Parameter yang dianalisis dalam penelitian ini meliputi logam berat, rendemen, asam amino, gugus fungsional, dan berat molekul. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan kombinasi asam asetat konsentrasi 0,5 M dan enzim papain 1.000 U/mg/g selama 2 jam menghasilkan kelarutan kolagen yang maksimal dengan rendemen sebesar 15,38% (bk). Kolagen PaSC kulit ikan salmon terdeteksi memiliki asam amino prolin, glisin, dan arginin. Distribusi berat molekul kolagen berada pada rentang 20-142 kDa. Struktur triple helix kolagen tidak mengalami perubahan selama proses ekstraksi berdasarkan analisis FTIR.
Navigating the Unseen: Agile Path Planning in the Presence of Dynamic Obstacles for Mobile Robotics
Authors: Nandi Pabitra K. , Dutta Ajoy K.
Published: November 2024

Path planning in dynamic environments is an important capability for autonomous robot navigation. As obstacles move unpredictably, robots must plan non-colliding paths in real time while considering factors like optimality, computability, and safety. This paper presents a methodology for robot path planning among moving obstacles towards a predefined goal location. A current state estimator tracked the robot and obstacle positions and velocities. Then a model predictive path planner leveraged the state estimate to generate a collision-free trajectory by solving a constrained finite-horizon optimal control problem. Trajectory optimization objectives included minimizing path length, smoothness, and avoidance distance from obstacles. Finally a model predictive tracking controller issued wheel velocity commands to closely track the trajectory while satisfying system dynamics and input constraints. Hardware in the loop simulation demonstrated reliable navigation around randomly moving spherical obstacles to goals up to thirty meters away. Remaining challenges for real world implementation include state estimation noise, unpredictable movements, computational expense, and dynamic constraints. The paper contributes an adaptable framework for safe robot navigation in complex, uncertain environments.
Phytoremediation of Domestic Wastewater and Leachate Using Free Floating Aquatic Plants: Comparative Study
Authors: Kumar H. V. , Shetty Rashma
Published: November 2024

Phytoremediation is a form of environmental remediation that uses plants to remove, degrade, or immobilize pollutants and contaminants from soil, water, and air. In this current study the potential of Eichhornia crassipes (water hyacinth) and Lemna minor (duckweed) to remove pollutants (TSS, TDS, BOD, COD) from wastewater and leachate was investigated over a period of 30 days. The efficiency of both plants in removing contaminants were calculated and compared. The experiment was conducted on raw domestic wastewater, raw leachate, and diluted leachate (75, 30, and 15%). TSS, TDS, BOD, and COD were reduced in wastewater by Lemna minor (66, 78, 78, 76%) and E. crassipes (71, 90, 85, 78%), respectively. Better removal efficiency in leachate was recorded at 75% concentrated leachate after 1 day by 25% BOD and 39% COD reduces with duckweed and 31% and 52% with water hyacinth. 30% concentrated leachate was attained a significant amount of removal efficiency after 30 days by 49% BOD and 53% COD with duckweed and 51%, 57% with water hyacinth. According to the findings of this investigation, Lemna minor and E. crassipes both considerably reduced pollutants in wastewater by more than 71% and normal clearance from leachate by more than 30%. This study’s findings demonstrate the potential of Eichhornia crassipes(water hyacinth) over lemna minor (duckweed), both plants can be used for the phytoremediation of domestic wastewater and by using enhanced methods and plants in leachate. This phytoremediation technique can be used as a pretreatment method.
Principal component analysis of clinical, mental health, and behavioral factors in a mixed population: insights for public health strategies
Authors: Utchimahali Suguna , Kannan S. , Velayutham Kumaravel
Published: November 2024

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and mental health disorders set forth substantial public health challenges in Tamil Nadu, India. Formulating targeted therapies requires an understanding of the behavioural, mental health, and clinical variables. Aim was to explore patterns in health outcomes among a mixed population with and without T2DM, focusing on socio-demographic, clinical, and mental health factors using principal component analysis (PCA).
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted during April 2020 to March 2021 with 614 participants (307 with T2DM and 307 without diabetes) in Alpha Hospital and Research Centre, a tertiary healthcare centre in Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India. Statistical analysis was done using IBM statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) version 23.
Results: PCA discovered nine components from a set of clinical, behavioural, and socio-demographic variables, with a KMO value of 0.915 and Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity showing significant Chi-square (11,932.50, p<0.001). 52.23% of the total variance was explained by the first five components. The clustering of stress, anxiety and depression in mental health components as well as the importance of glycaemic management and physical exercise as metabolic markers were among the key findings. Risky behaviours like smoking and alcohol consumption are exposed to have strong associations with adverse effects on health.
Conclusions: This study highlights novel insights on the interactions between clinical, mental health and behavioural aspects among the population of Tamil Nadu. Public health strategies converging on stress reduction, mental health support and chronic disease management are recommended for improved health outcomes.
Effect of female partner-led brochures method on knowledge and intention for prostate cancer screening among men in Kiambu County, Kenya
Authors: Kimani Peterson K. , Muchiri Joseph , Nyongesa Margaret W.
Published: November 2024

Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is a problem of public health concern globally. The problem is further complicated by the low rates of screening which results in late detection of the disease. Further, the misconception regarding PC screening (PCS) methods further makes men avoid screening. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of female partner-led brochures method on knowledge and intention for PC screening among men in Kiambu County, Kenya.
Methods: The research adopted a randomized controlled trial study design. Multistage sampling was employed in this study. The sample size was determined using Magnani formulae and a total of 279 respondents were recruited in the study. The Chi-square test was used to assess the difference in intention and knowledge of PC between the control and intervention groups. Further difference in difference analysis was used to assess the overall effect of the female partner-specific gain-framed and loss-framed brochures intervention on the intention of PCS and knowledge on PC.
Results: The intervention groups had a significantly higher mean difference in difference in knowledge about PC than the control group with the group intervened using gain-framed and loss-framed brochures having a mean DID of 4.989 (3.561–6.418) and 5.264 (3.804–6.724) respectively. The increase in knowledge was more in the group intervened using loss-framed brochures.
Conclusions: The study recommends the utilization of a combined approach of gain and loss-framed messaging in enhancing PCS.