bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ARTICULATIONS OF BELONGING: THE POLITICS OF ETHNIC AND RELIGIOUS PLURALISM IN BAUCHI AND GOMBE STATES, NORTH-EAST NIGERIA
Authors: Higazi Adam , Lar Jimam
Published: January 2015

North-east Nigeria is an area of great ethno-linguistic diversity and religious pluralism, with Islam and Christianity both having a strong presence. The majority of the population is Muslim but there is also a substantial indigenous Christian minority, who form a majority in some local government areas. This paper draws on fieldwork by the authors in two north-eastern states, Bauchi and Gombe, to explore why, despite comparable religious demographics, there are marked differences in the levels of collective violence experienced in the two states. Although ethno-religious violence has increased across northern Nigeria since the 1980s, some areas have been more affected than others. To understand why this is, it is necessary to place ethnic and religious differences in their local historical and political contexts. This paper compares Gombe and Bauchi and argues that, although there are complaints of marginalization among different groups in both cases, Gombe State has developed a more inclusive system of government and local conflict management than Bauchi State. We explore what accounts for this difference in the articulation and management of belonging and whether the contrast is significant enough to explain differential levels of violence. In doing so, we consider how inter-ethnic and inter-religious relations have been shaped historically in the two cases and compare current forms of collective mobilization, considering different social and political spaces within each state. The paper also briefly outlines the impacts of the radical insurgent group Jama'at ahl al-sunna li'l-da'wa wa'l-jihad, nicknamed Boko Haram, in Bauchi and Gombe states.
Fact or fiction: the Middle Palaeolithic in China
Authors: Li Feng
Published: January 2015

The subdivision of the Chinese Palaeolithic is a controversial topic. A recent article in Antiquity (Yee 2012) critiqued Gao’s two-stage model that distinguished only an Early and a Late Palaeolithic. Yee argued that the two-stage model should be abandoned, and that a distinct Middle Palaeolithic phase can be identified. Responding to Yee, Feng Li argues that there is no solid evidence of distinctive and widespread technological changes before the Late Palaeolithic, and that it is hence premature to abandon Gao’s two-stage model at present.
Absorption and intermediary metabolism of purines and pyrimidines in lactating dairy cows
Authors: Stentoft Charlotte , Røjen Betina Amdisen , Jensen Søren Krogh , Kristensen Niels B. , Vestergaard Mogens , Larsen Mogens
Published: January 2015

About 20 % of ruminal microbial N in dairy cows derives from purines and pyrimidines; however, their intermediary metabolism and contribution to the overall N metabolism has sparsely been described. In the present study, the postprandial patterns of net portal-drained viscera (PDV) and hepatic metabolism were assessed to evaluate purine and pyrimidine N in dairy cows. Blood was sampled simultaneously from four veins with eight hourly samples from four multi-catheterised Holstein cows. Quantification of twenty purines and pyrimidines was performed with HPLC–MS/MS, and net fluxes were estimated across the PDV, hepatic tissue and total splanchnic tissue (TSP). Concentration differences between veins of fifteen purine and pyrimidine nucleosides (NS), bases (BS) and degradation products (DP) were different from zero (P≤ 0·05), resulting in the net PDV releases of purine NS (0·33–1·3 mmol/h), purine BS (0·0023–0·018 mmol/h), purine DP (7·0–7·8 mmol/h), pyrimidine NS (0·30–2·8 mmol/h) and pyrimidine DP (0·047–0·77 mmol/h). The hepatic removal of purine and pyrimidine was almost equivalent to the net PDV release, resulting in no net TSP release. One exception was uric acid (7·9 mmol/h) from which a large net TSP release originated from the degradation of purine NS and BS. A small net TSP release of the pyrimidine DP β-alanine and β-aminoisobutyric acid ( − 0·032 to 0·37 mmol/h) demonstrated an outlet of N into the circulating N pool. No effect of time relative to feeding was observed (P>0·05). These data indicate that considerable amounts of N are lost in the dairy cow due to prominent intermediary degradation of purines, but that pyrimidine N is reusable to a larger extent.
Modification of endoscopic medial maxillectomy: a novel approach for inverted papilloma of the maxillary sinus
Authors: Ghosh A , Pal S , Srivastava A , Saha S
Published: January 2015

Objective:

To describe modification to endoscopic medial maxillectomy for treating extensive Krouse stage II or III inverted papilloma of the nasal and maxillary sinus.

Method:

Ten patients with inverted papilloma arising from the nasoantral area underwent diagnostic nasal endoscopy, contrast-enhanced computed tomography scanning of the paranasal sinus and pre-operative biopsy of the nasal mass. They were all managed using endoscopic medial maxillectomy and followed up for seven months to three years without recurrence.

Results:

Most patients were aged 41–60 years at presentation, and most were male. Presenting symptoms were nasal obstruction, mass in the nasal cavity and epistaxis. In each case, computed tomography imaging showed a mass involving the nasal cavity and maxillary sinus, with bony remodelling. The endoscopic medial maxillectomy approach was modified by making an incision in the pyriform aperture and removing part of the anterolateral wall of the maxilla bone en bloc.

Conclusion:

Modified endoscopic medial maxillectomy providing full access to the maxillary and ethmoid sinuses is described in detail. This effective, reproducible technique is associated with reduced operative time and morbidity.
Why we assume it's all good: The role of theory of mind in early inherent feature inferences
Authors: Bartsch Karen , Estes David
Published: January 2015

Cimpian & Salomon's (C&S's) characterization of a domain-general inherence heuristic, available to young children, underplays the importance of our early interest in and recognition of agency, intentionality, and mental life. A consideration of the centrality of desires, goals, and agency in our earliest reasoning suggests an alternative, perhaps complementary, account of our tendency to be satisfied with the status quo.
Can the inherence heuristic explain vitalistic reasoning?
Authors: Bastian Brock
Published: January 2015

Inherence is an important component of psychological essentialism. By drawing on vitalism as a way in which to explain this link, however, the authors appear to conflate causal explanations based on fixed features with those based on general causal forces. The disjuncture between these two types of explanatory principles highlights potential new avenues for the inherence heuristic.
Do we need the inherence heuristic to explain the bias towards inherent explanations?
Authors: Dunham Yarrow
Published: January 2015

It is clear that people often make unwarranted inherence-based explanations, but it is less clear that explaining this fact requires the inherence heuristic. Instead, it can be explained by a more general explanatory apparatus operating on the most readily available information, which, depending on the nature of that information, outputs both inherent and noninherent explanations.
The essence of essentialism?
Authors: Haslam Nick
Published: January 2015

As an account of the cognitive processes that support psychological essentialism, the inherence heuristic clarifies the basis of individual differences in essentialist thinking, and how they are associated with prejudice. It also illuminates the contextual variability of social essentialism, and where its conceptual boundaries should be drawn.
Quiddity and haecceity as distinct forms of essentialism
Authors: Hood Bruce
Published: January 2015

Psychological essentialism operates in two realms that have consequences for our attitudes towards groups and individuals. Although essentialism is more familiar in the context of biological group membership, it can also be evoked when considering unique artefacts, especially when they are emotionally significant items.
The causes of characteristic properties: Insides versus categories
Authors: Strevens Michael
Published: January 2015

Cimpian & Salomon (C&S) propose that the inherence heuristic, a tendency to explain the behavior and other properties of things in terms of their intrinsic characteristics, precedes and explains “essentialist thinking” about natural kinds. This commentary reviews evidence that it is rather essentialism (or something like it) that precedes the assumption of inherence, and suggests that essentialism can do without the inherence heuristic altogether.
System-justifying motives can lead to both the acceptance and the rejection of innate explanations for group differences
Authors: Uhlmann Eric Luis , Zhu Luke , Brescoll Victoria L. , Newman George E.
Published: January 2015

Recent experimental evidence indicates that intuitions about inherence and system justification are distinct psychological processes, and that the inherence heuristic supplies important explanatory frameworks that are accepted or rejected based on their consistency with one's motivation to justify the system.
Inherence heuristic versus essentialism: Issues of antecedence and cognitive mechanism
Authors: Yzerbyt Vincent Y. , Demoulin Stéphanie
Published: January 2015

We argue (1) that the empirical evidence offered by the authors is insufficient to sustain their claim; (2) that, beyond methodological problems, the proposed underlying cognitive mechanism is largely speculative and that a reverse, more motivational, path is equally plausible; and (3) that the distinction and antecedence of inherence intuitions with respect to essentialist beliefs remain to be demonstrated.
When Does a Court Systematically Deviate from its Own Principles? The Adjudication by the Israel Supreme Court of House Demolitions in the Occupied Palestinian Territories
Authors: HARPAZ GUY
Published: January 2015

The judiciary’s counter-majoritarian role in the realm of national security is of paramount importance. By and large the Israel Supreme Court has taken cognizance of this truism and has imposed significant procedural and substantive restrictions on the Israeli military authorities, relying more and more on public international law. Yet when faced with house demolition measures, it has adopted a different stance, preferring to conduct a judicial review which is devoid of any meaningful scrutiny of the measures according to international law. The article attempts to ascertain the reasons for the Court's different judicial position, by advancing, inter alia, legal, historical, socio-political, and personal reasons, reasons relating to the nature of the petitioners, as well as those pertaining to the intertwined concepts of status quo bias, omission bias, and loss aversion. The findings of the case study may be relevant to other courts, in other countries. When faced with deterrent measures that are employed at times of severe security threats and that are strongly supported by the political establishment and by the public, courts may find it difficult to perform a counter-majoritarian role and to abide by their own judicial doctrines and principles.
What Defines an International Criminal Court?: A Critical Assessment of ‘the Involvement of the International Community’ as a Deciding Factor
Authors: KJELDGAARD-PEDERSEN ASTRID
Published: January 2015

Since the post-Second World War tribunals, only a few scholars have attempted to draw a definitional distinction between international and national criminal courts. Remarkable exceptions include Robert Woetzel, who in 1962 categorized criminal courts according to ‘the involvement of the international community’, and Sarah Williams, who 50 years later relied on the same factor in her definitions of ‘hybrid’ and ‘internationalized’ criminal tribunals.

Through examples of rulings by the Special Court for Sierra Leone and the Extraordinary Chambers in the Courts of Cambodia, this article will demonstrate that ‘the involvement of the international community’ is at best an unhelpful criterion when it comes to resolving questions, e.g. regarding the immunity of state officials and the relevance of domestic law, that require a determination of the legal system in which the court operates.

Instead, it is argued that only criminal tribunals deriving their authority from international law should be labelled ‘international’, while the term ‘national criminal court’ should apply to tribunals set up under national law. This terminology would underline that issues concerning jurisdiction and applicable law must be settled according to each court's constituent document and other relevant sources of law, depending on the legal system to which this document belongs.
Dietary fibre and the importance of the gut microbiota in feline nutrition: a review
Authors: Rochus Kristel , Janssens Geert P. J. , Hesta Myriam
Published: January 2015

Domestic cats are obligate carnivores and in this light hindgut fermentation has been considered unimportant in this species. However, a diverse microbiota has been found in the small and large intestines of domestic cats. Additionally,in vitroandin vivostudies support the hypothesis that microbial fermentation is significant in felines with potential benefits to the host. Results on microbiota composition and microbial counts in different regions of the feline gastrointestinal tract are compiled, including a description of modulating host and technical factors. Additionally, the effects of dietary fibre supplementation on the microbiota composition are described. In a second section,in vitrostudies, using inocula from fresh feline faeces and focusing on the fermentation characteristics of diverse plant substrates, are described.In vivostudies have investigated the effects of dietary fibre on a broad range of physiological outcomes. Results of this research, together with studies on effects of plant fibre on colonic morphology and function, protein and carbohydrate metabolism, and the effects of plant fibre on disease conditions that require a decrease in dietary protein intake, are shown in a third section of the present review. Conclusively, for fructans and beet pulp, for example, diverse beneficial effects have been demonstrated in the domestic cat. Both dietary fibre sources are regularly used in the pet food industry. More research is warranted to reveal the potential benefits of other fibre sources that can be used on a large scale in feline diets for healthy and diseased cats.
Social Perspective Taking and Empathy in Children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
Authors: Stevens Sara A. , Dudek Joanna , Nash Kelly , Koren Gideon , Rovet Joanne
Published: January 2015

Children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) show sociobehavioral impairments; however, the social cognitive profile contributing to these impairments is poorly understood. This study compared social perspective taking and empathy in children with FASDversustypically developing controls (TDC). Thirty-seven children with FASD and 21 TDC participated. Measures included parent-rated CBCL and SSIS, and NEPSY-II Theory of Mind, Test of Social Cognition and Index of Empathy. Parents rated the FASD group higher than TDC on indices of behavior problems and lower on indices of social skills and empathy. Children with FASD scored significantly below TDC on tasks requiring complex social cognition. The majority of correlations between social cognition and parent-ratings were not significant in FASD and TDC, with the exception of a negative correlation between self-reported empathy and parent-rated behavior difficulties in TDC. FASD subgroup analyses revealed lower theory of mind and empathy scores among children with ARND than pFAS/FAS. With regard to sex, males with FASD were rated as having more behavior difficulties than females, whereas TDC females obtained higher empathy ratings than males. In both groups, females scored higher on theory of mind and empathy indices. On theory of mind tasks, older children with FASD performed below younger, whereas younger TDC children performed more poorly than older. Children with FASD show reduced functioning on indices of sociobehavioral and social cognition, and the effects are influenced by sex and age. These findings provide insight into the clinical and social profile of children with FASD. (JINS, 2015,21, 74–84)
PHOTOGRAPHIC DIPLOMACY IN THE POSTWAR WORLD: UNESCO AND THE CONCEPTION OF PHOTOGRAPHY AS A UNIVERSAL LANGUAGE, 1946–1956
Authors: ALLBESON TOM
Published: January 2015

In the postwar decade, UNESCO aimed to create an international public sphere to secure peace. The organization made extensive use of photographs to do so, including the photographic archive of works of art and photojournalism from the ruined cities of Europe. However, photography was not simply a transparent medium for communicating internationalist ideals; it was a formative influence in shaping UNESCO's effort to build “peace in the minds of men”. This essay analyses the conception of photography as a universal language articulated in UNESCO-sponsored forums, the use of photography in UNESCO publications concerning human rights and educational reconstruction, and the internationalist ideals of world culture and world citizenship relevant to UNESCO's early work. Analysis reveals that UNESCO's use of photography was less the valuable deployment of a universal language suited to an internationalist agenda than it was the universalizing of certain cultural values in pursuit of the organization's utopian vision.
Constitutional Legislation, European Union Law and the Nature of the United Kingdom's Contemporary Constitution
Authors: Elliott Mark
Published: January 2015

United Kingdom – UK Supreme Court – European Union – The orthodox view of the British constitution: lack of hierarchy of laws – Britain's ‘unwritten’ constitution and the role of ‘constitutional statues’ in Factortame – HS2 judgment makes up for House of Lords' omission in Factortame – Relationship between parliamentary sovereignty and EU law more clearly articulated – A normative-hierarchical constitutional order
Care pathway process proposal and rationale for the assessment and management of firesetting in the inpatient setting
Authors: Hillier Bradley , Cherukuru Srinivasarao , Sethi Faisil
Published: January 2015

Firesetting is traditionally a forensic problem which is nevertheless a frequent co-morbidity within mental health settings. The associations between mental health and firesetting are diverse and poorly understood, and with forensic services under increasing pressure, non-forensic settings may be increasingly expected to manage such presentations. With this in mind, and in the absence of a specific risk assessment tool, we propose a care pathway and rationale for its use in the assessment and management of individuals with firesetting behaviours as part of their presentation.
Islam and Democracy at the Fringes of Europe: The Role of Useful Historical Legacies
Authors: Elbasani Arolda
Published: January 2015

This article analyzes how the Muslim majority has engaged with, and contributed to parallel processes of democratization and European integration in post-Communist Albania. The assessment of Muslims' choices focuses on the Central organization, the Albanian Muslim Community, which is recognized by the state as the only authority in charge of all the administrative and spiritual issues pertinent to the community of Sunni believers, and serves as the main hub of respective religious activities in the country. The analysis of democratization, and Muslims' respective choices, are divided into two different periods, namely democratic transition (1990–1998) and democratic consolidation (1998–2013), each facing democratizing actors, including Muslim groups, with different challenges and issues. We argue that the existence of a useful pool of arguments from the past, the so-called Albanian tradition, has enabled Muslims to contravene controversial foreign influences and recast Islam in line with the democratic and European ideals of the Albanian post-communist polity. This set of historical legacies and arguments explain Muslims' similar positioning toward democracy throughout different stages marked by different institutional restrictions and state policies.
Multi-omics analysis defines core genomic alterations in pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas
Authors: Castro-Vega Luis Jaime , Letouzé Eric , Burnichon Nelly , Buffet Alexandre , Disderot Pierre-Hélie , Khalifa Emmanuel , Loriot Céline , Elarouci Nabila , Morin Aurélie , Menara Mélanie , Lepoutre-Lussey Charlotte , Badoual Cécile , Sibony Mathilde , Dousset Bertrand , Libé Rossella , Zinzindohoue Franck , Plouin Pierre François , Bertherat Jérôme , Amar Laurence , de Reyniès Aurélien , Favier Judith , Gimenez-Roqueplo Anne-Paule
Published: January 2015

Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PCCs/PGLs) are neural crest-derived tumours with a very strong genetic component. Here we report the first integrated genomic examination of a large collection of PCC/PGL. SNP array analysis reveals distinct copy-number patterns associated with genetic background. Whole-exome sequencing shows a low mutation rate of 0.3 mutations per megabase, with few recurrent somatic mutations in genes not previously associated with PCC/PGL. DNA methylation arrays and miRNA sequencing identify DNA methylation changes and miRNA expression clusters strongly associated with messenger RNA expression profiling. Overexpression of the miRNA cluster 182/96/183 is specific in SDHB-mutated tumours and induces malignant traits, whereas silencing of the imprinted DLK1-MEG3 miRNA cluster appears as a potential driver in a subgroup of sporadic tumours. Altogether, the complete genomic landscape of PCC/PGL is mainly driven by distinct germline and/or somatic mutations in susceptibility genes and reveals different molecular entities, characterized by a set of unique genomic alterations.
Association of the immature platelet fraction with sepsis diagnosis and severity
Authors: Hubert Rodolfo Monteiro Enz , Rodrigues Melina Veiga , Andreguetto Bruna Dolci , Santos Thiago M. , de Fátima Pereira Gilberti Maria , de Castro Vagner , Annichino-Bizzacchi Joyce M. , Dragosavac Desanka , Carvalho-Filho Marco Antonio , De Paula Erich Vinicius
Published: January 2015

Management of Sepsis would greatly benefit from the incorporation of simple and informative new biomarkers in clinical practice. Ideally, a sepsis biomarker should segregate infected from non-infected patients, provide information about prognosis and organ-specific damage and be accessible to most healthcare services. The immature platelet fraction (IPF) and immature reticulocyte fraction (IRF) are new analytical parameters of the complete blood count, that have been studied as biomarkers of several inflammatory conditions. Recently, a study performed in critically-ill patients suggested that IPF could be a more accurate sepsis biomarker than C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin. In this retrospective study we evaluated the performance of IPF and IRF as biomarkers of sepsis diagnosis and severity. 41 patients admitted to two intensive care units were evaluated, 12 of which with severe sepsis or septic shock and 11 with non-complicated sepsis. Significantly higher IPF levels were observed in patients with severe sepsis/septic shock. IPF correlated with sepsis severity scores and presented the highest diagnostic accuracy for the presence of sepsis of all studied clinical and laboratory parameters. No significant differences were observed in IRF levels. Our results suggest that IPF levels could be used as a biomarker of sepsis diagnosis and severity.
Structure of mycobacterial maltokinase, the missing link in the essential GlgE-pathway
Authors: Fraga Joana , Maranha Ana , Mendes Vitor , Pereira Pedro José Barbosa , Empadinhas Nuno , Macedo-Ribeiro Sandra
Published: January 2015

A novel four-step pathway identified recently in mycobacteria channels trehalose to glycogen synthesis and is also likely involved in the biosynthesis of two other crucial polymers: intracellular methylglucose lipopolysaccharides and exposed capsular glucan. The structures of three of the intervening enzymes - GlgB, GlgE and TreS - were recently reported, providing the first templates for rational drug design. Here we describe the structural characterization of the fourth enzyme of the pathway, mycobacterial maltokinase (Mak), uncovering a eukaryotic-like kinase (ELK) fold, similar to methylthioribose kinases and aminoglycoside phosphotransferases. The 1.15 Å structure of Mak in complex with a non-hydrolysable ATP analog reveals subtle structural rearrangements upon nucleotide binding in the cleft between the N- and the C-terminal lobes. Remarkably, this new family of ELKs has a novel N-terminal domain topologically resembling the cystatin family of protease inhibitors. By interfacing with and restraining the mobility of the phosphate-binding region of the N-terminal lobe, Mak's unusual N-terminal domain might regulate its phosphotransfer activity and represents the most likely anchoring point for TreS, the upstream enzyme in the pathway. By completing the gallery of atomic-detail models of an essential pathway, this structure opens new avenues for the rational design of alternative anti-tubercular compounds.
The First Small-Molecule Inhibitors of Members of the Ribonuclease E Family
Authors: Kime Louise , Vincent Helen A. , Gendoo Deena M. A. , Jourdan Stefanie S. , Fishwick Colin W. G. , Callaghan Anastasia J. , McDowall Kenneth J.
Published: January 2015

TheEscherichia coliendoribonuclease RNase E is central to the processing and degradation of all types of RNA and as such is a pleotropic regulator of gene expression. It is essential for growth and was one of the first examples of an endonuclease that can recognise the 5′-monophosphorylated ends of RNA thereby increasing the efficiency of many cleavages. Homologues of RNase E can be found in many bacterial families including important pathogens, but no homologues have been identified in humans or animals. RNase E represents a potential target for the development of new antibiotics to combat the growing number of bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics in use currently. Potent small molecule inhibitors that bind the active site of essential enzymes are proving to be a source of potential drug leads and tools to dissect function through chemical genetics. Here we report the use of virtual high-throughput screening to obtain small molecules predicted to bind at sites in the N-terminal catalytic half of RNase E. We show that these compounds are able to bind with specificity and inhibit catalysis ofEscherichia coliandMycobacterium tuberculosisRNase E and also inhibit the activity of RNase G, a paralogue of RNase E.
Statistical analysis of a lung cancer spectral histopathology (SHP) data set
Authors: Mu Xinying , Kon Mark , Ergin Ayşegül , Remiszewski Stan , Akalin Ali , Thompson Clay M. , Diem Max
Published: January 2015

We report results on a statistical analysis of an infrared spectral dataset comprising a total of 388 lung biopsies from 374 patients.
FcUni-RLuc: an engineered Renilla luciferase with Fc binding ability and light emission activity
Authors: Farzannia A. , Roghanian R. , Zarkesh-Esfahani S. H. , Nazari M. , Emamzadeh R.
Published: January 2015

Schematic representation of the labelling of IgG using FcUni-RLuc.
Hydrodynamic chromatography – inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, with post-column injection capability for simultaneous determination of nanoparticle size, mass concentration and particle number concentration (HDC-PCi-ICP-MS)
Authors: Lewis D. J.
Published: January 2015

A novel, rapid method for the simultaneous determination of the size, mass concentration and particle number concentration of nanoparticle dispersions is presented.
A microwell plate-based multiplex immunoassay for simultaneous quantitation of antibodies to infectious viruses
Authors: Jeong Min-Suk , Ahn Dae-Ro
Published: January 2015

Antibodies (Abs) to disease-causing viruses in human blood are important indicators of infection status.
Extraction and separation of triazine herbicides in soybean by ionic liquid foam-based solvent flotation and high performance liquid chromatography determination
Authors: Zhang Liyuan , Yao Di , Yu Runzhong , Li Na , Zhang Hanqi , Yu Aimin
Published: January 2015

Ionic liquid foam-based solvent flotation coupled with high performance liquid chromatography was developed for the extraction, separation and determination of four triazine herbicides from soybean samples.
Determination of chlorine and sulfur in high purity flexible graphite using ion chromatography (IC) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) after pyrohydrolysis sample preparation
Authors: Nunes Thieli Schaefer , Muller Cristiano Cabral , Balestrin Paula , Muller Aline Lima Hermes , Mesko Marcia Foster , Mello Paola de Azevedo , Muller Edson Irineu
Published: January 2015

Pyrohydrolysis was used for flexible graphite analysis by OES.
One-step synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots for imaging bacterial and fungal cells
Authors: Kasibabu Betha Saineelima B. , D'souza Stephanie L. , Jha Sanjay , Singhal Rakesh Kumar , Basu Hirakendu , Kailasa Suresh Kumar
Published: January 2015

In this work, fluorescent carbon dots (C-dots) were synthesized using a hydrothermal method with Punica granatum (pomegranate) fruits as precursors, and were then used as probes for imaging of bacterial (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and fungal (Fusarium avenaceum) cells.
Detection of sequence-specific DNA with a morpholino-functionalized silicon chip
Authors: Hu Weiwen , Hu Qiong , Li Lianzhi , Kong Jinming , Zhang Xueji
Published: January 2015

In this work, an efficient method for the sequence-specific detection of DNA based on a morpholino-functionalized silicon chip platform has been proposed.
Fabrication of biodegradable synthetic perfusable vascular networks via a combination of electrospinning and robocasting
Authors: Ortega Ilida , Dew Lindsey , Kelly Adam G. , Chong Chuh K. , MacNeil Sheila , Claeyssens Frederik
Published: January 2015

Electrospinning has been combined with robocasting using alginate as a sacrificial template for the creation of bespoke and perfusable artificial vascular networks.
From competition to cooperation: a highly efficient strategy towards well-defined (co)polypeptides
Authors: Zhao Wei , Gnanou Yves , Hadjichristidis Nikos
Published: January 2015

A highly efficient strategy towards well-defined (co)polypeptides.
Reductive arene ortho-silanolization of aromatic esters with hydridosilyl acetals
Authors: Hua Yuanda , Asgari Parham , Dakarapu Udaya Sree , Jeon Junha
Published: January 2015

The design and application of a single-pot, reductive arene C–H bond silanolization of esters for synthesis of ortho-formyl arylsilanols.
Enzyme-driven i-motif DNA folding for logic operations and fluorescent biosensing
Authors: Wang Ming , Zhang Guanxin , Zhang Deqing
Published: January 2015

“NOR” and “NAND” logical gates were fabricated using enzymatic reactions to generate a pH gradient to drive i-motif folding, and with such logical gates fluorescent biosensors were developed.
Single crystalline hollow metal–organic frameworks: a metal–organic polyhedron single crystal as a sacrificial template
Authors: Kim Hyehyun , Oh Minhak , Kim Dongwook , Park Jeongin , Seong Junmo , Kwak Sang Kyu , Lah Myoung Soo
Published: January 2015

Single crystalline hollow MOFs with cavity dimensions on the order of several micrometers and hundreds of micrometers were prepared using a metal–organic polyhedron single crystal as a sacrificial hard template.
One-pot fabrication of yolk–shell nanospheres with ultra-small Au nanoparticles for catalysis
Authors: Yao Yi , Zhang Xiaoming , Peng Juan , Yang Qihua
Published: January 2015

A yolk–shell nanoreactor confined with ultra-small gold nanoparticles was fabricated through a “one pot” method. The catalyst showed high activity and substantially prevented the aggregation of gold nanoparticles.
Recent advances in Gd-chelate based bimodal optical/MRI contrast agents
Authors: Verwilst Peter , Park Soyeon , Yoon Byungkwon , Kim Jong Seung
Published: January 2015

Recent developments in the field of bimodal MRI/optical contrast agents, based on Gd3+-chelates are presented.
Micro- and nanogels with labile crosslinks – from synthesis to biomedical applications
Authors: Zhang Xuejiao , Malhotra Shashwat , Molina Maria , Haag Rainer
Published: January 2015

We emphasize the synthetic strategies to produce micro-/nanogels and the importance of degradable linkers incorporated in the gel network.
Well-ordered nanohybrids and nanoporous materials from gyroid block copolymer templates
Authors: Hsueh Han-Yu , Yao Cheng-Thai , Ho Rong-Ming
Published: January 2015

Well-ordered nanomaterials are fabricated by various templated syntheses using templates from degradable block copolymers with gyroid-forming network morphologies.
Sporopollenin as an efficient green support for covalent immobilization of a lipase
Authors: de Souza Stefânia P. , Bassut Jonathan , Marquez Heiddy V. , Junior Ivaldo I. , Miranda Leandro S. M. , Huang Youkui , Mackenzie Grahame , Boa Andrew N. , de Souza Rodrigo O. M. A.
Published: January 2015

Aminoalkyl functionalised sporopollenin exine capsules have been used to immobilizeCandida antarcticalipase B using a covalent diimine-based linker.
The mechanism, electronic and ligand effects for reductive elimination from arylPd(ii) trifluoromethyl complexes: a systematic DFT study
Authors: Zhang Song-Lin , Huang Lu , Sun Li-Jun
Published: January 2015

Detailed reaction mechanisms and ligand effects have been studied for reductive elimination of Ar–CF3 from Pd(ii) centers.
The new triazine-based porous copper phosphonate [Cu3(PPT)(H2O)3]·10H2O
Authors: Hermer N. , Stock N.
Published: January 2015

A new thermally stable copper phosphonate with pores of 9.4 Å diameter and a high water uptake at p/p0 = 0.2 is described.
Tunable blue-green emission and energy transfer properties in β-Ca3(PO4)2:Eu2+, Tb3+ phosphors with high quantum efficiencies for UV-LEDs
Authors: Li Kai , Zhang Yang , Li Xuejiao , Shang Mengmeng , Lian Hongzhou , Lin Jun
Published: January 2015

A series of Eu2+ and Tb3+ singly-doped and co-doped β-Ca3(PO4)2 phosphors have been synthesized. The emission color can be tuned from blue to green by adjusting the Eu2+/Tb3+ concentration ratio, showing their potential applications in UV-pumped wLEDs.
A new family of hetero-tri-metallic complexes [M(CuTb)]n (n = 1, 2, ∞; M = Co, Cr, Fe): synthesis, structure and tailored single-molecule magnet behavior
Authors: Bridonneau N. , Gontard G. , Marvaud V.
Published: January 2015

The synthesis, structural characterization and magnetic properties of a new family of hetero-tri-metallic complexes [M(CuTb)]n (n = 1, 2, ∞; M = Co, Cr, Fe), exhibiting single molecule magnet behaviour have been reported.
New 1-D and 3-D thiocyanatocadmates modified by various amine molecules and Cl−/CH3COO− ions: synthesis, structural characterization, thermal behavior and photoluminescence properties
Authors: Guo Bing , Zhang Xiao , Wang Yan-Ning , Huang Jing-Jing , Yu Jie-Hui , Xu Ji-Qing
Published: January 2015

Reactions of CdCl2/Cd(CH3COO)2, SCN− and various organic amines yielded five new thiocyanatocadmates; structural, thermal and photoluminescence properties are reported.
{110}-Layered B-cation ordering in the anion-deficient perovskite Pb2.4Ba2.6Fe2Sc2TiO13with the crystallographic shear structure
Authors: Tyablikov O. A. , Batuk D. , Tsirlin A. A. , Batuk M. , Verchenko V. Yu. , Filimonov D. S. , Pokholok K. V. , Sheptyakov D. V. , Rozova M. G. , Hadermann J. , Antipov E. V. , Abakumov A. M.
Published: January 2015

A novel anion-deficient perovskite-based compound with {110}-Layered B-cation ordering, Pb2.4Ba2.6Fe2Sc2TiO13, was synthesizedviathe citrate-based route.
Potential exposure and treatment efficiency of nanoparticles in water supplies based on wastewater reclamation
Authors: Kirkegaard Peter , Hansen Steffen Foss , Rygaard Martin
Published: January 2015

We present current knowledge on nanoparticle fate in wastewater reclamation systems for potable reuse.
Dietary squid ink polysaccharide induces goblet cells to protect small intestine from chemotherapy induced injury
Authors: Zuo Tao , Cao Lu , Xue Changhu , Tang Qing-Juan
Published: January 2015

Gastrointestinal mucositis induced by chemotherapy is associated with alterations of intestinal barrier function due to the potential damage induced by anti-cancer drugs on the epithelial cells.
Collation and analyses of DNA-binding protein domain families from sequence and structural databanks
Authors: Malhotra Sony , Sowdhamini Ramanathan
Published: January 2015

The distribution of GO molecular functions across different SCOP DNA-binding folds was studied. Majority of the folds were observed to perform more than one molecular function. This supports the notion that majority of DNA-binding proteins might follow divergent evolution.
Nanoarray based “superaerophobic” surfaces for gas evolution reaction electrodes
Authors: Lu Zhiyi , Li Yingjie , Lei Xiaodong , Liu Junfeng , Sun Xiaoming
Published: January 2015

Constructing electrodes with "superaerophobic" surfaces would benefit the gas bubble releasing behavior and result in significantly enhanced electrochemical performance for gas evolution reactions.
An NMR study on the gelation of N,N′-bis(4-N-alkylo-xybenzoyl) hydrazine (4Dn) in two aromatic solvents
Authors: Song Jianxi , Wang Haitao , Li Min
Published: January 2015

The diffusion of toluene can be accelerated at a particular gelator concentration while there is no diffusion acceleration in benzene.
An effective strategy of magnetic stem cell delivery for spinal cord injury therapy
Authors: Tukmachev Dmitry , Lunov Oleg , Zablotskii Vitalii , Dejneka Alexandr , Babic Michal , Syková Eva , Kubinová Šárka
Published: January 2015

For cell therapy, the number of transplated cells that reach the injured area is one of the critical parameters.
Dirac point movement and topological phase transition in patterned graphene
Authors: Dvorak Marc , Wu Zhigang
Published: January 2015

Anisotropy induced by structural defects in graphene leads to movements of the Dirac points.
Growth, patterning and alignment of organolead iodide perovskite nanowires for optoelectronic devices
Authors: Deng Hui , Dong Dongdong , Qiao Keke , Bu Lingling , Li Bing , Yang Dun , Wang Hong-En , Cheng Yibing , Zhao Zhixin , Tang Jiang , Song Haisheng
Published: January 2015

Organolead halide perovskite nanowires are becoming intriguing materials applied in optoelectronics.
Wet-spun, porous, orientational graphene hydrogel films for high-performance supercapacitor electrodes
Authors: Kou Liang , Liu Zheng , Huang Tieqi , Zheng Bingna , Tian Zhanyuan , Deng Zengshe , Gao Chao
Published: January 2015

Wet-spun graphene hydrogel film electrodes for supercapacitors show superior electrochemical performance due to the orientational structure facilitating the electrolyte penetration.
Kinetics of reactions at an interface: functionalisation of silicate glass with porphyrins via covalent bonds
Authors: Fujimoto Takahiro , Furuta Nao , Mizutani Tadashi
Published: January 2015

Both the reactivity of the linker and the dynamics of the interface controlled the anchoring reaction rates of porphyrin onto a silicate surface.
Synthesis of the tricyclic core of manzamine A
Authors: Pathak Ravindra B. , Dobson Benjamin C. , Ghosh Nandita , Ageel Khalid A. , Alshawish Madeha R. , Saruengkhanphasit Rungroj , Coldham Iain
Published: January 2015

An approach to the ABC tricyclic ring system of the manzamine alkaloids has been achieved. A key step is the intramolecular dipolar cycloaddition of an azomethine ylide.
The enhanced performance of fluorinated quinoxaline-containing polymers by replacing carbon with silicon bridging atoms on the dithiophene donor skeleton
Authors: Xu Xiaopeng , Li Kai , Li Zuojia , Li Ying , Wang Zhenguo , Peng Qiang
Published: January 2015

The bridging atom effect shows a great influence on the thermal stability, absorption, energy levels, carrier mobility and photovoltaic performance of fluorinated quinoxaline-dithiophene based low band gap copolymers.
Room temperature crystallization of highly luminescent lanthanide-doped CaF2 in nanosized droplets: first example of the synthesis of metal halogenide in miniemulsion with effective doping and size control
Authors: Dolcet Paolo , Mambrini Antonin , Pedroni Marco , Speghini Adolfo , Gialanella Stefano , Casarin Maurizio , Gross Silvia
Published: January 2015

We report the first example of crystalline and luminescent lanthanide-doped CaF2 nanostructures synthesised in the confined space of miniemulsion at room temperature.
Magnetic thermoresponsive ionic nanogels as novel draw agents in forward osmosis
Authors: Zhou Aijiao , Luo Huayong , Wang Qin , Chen Lin , Zhang Tian C. , Tao Tao
Published: January 2015

Magnetic thermosensitive ionic nanogels were prepared based on strong ionic monomer AMPS and thermosensitive monomer NIPAM via precipitation polymerization in the presence of Fe3O4 nanoparticles and investigated as draw solutes in FO.
DFT study on microstructures and electronic structures of Pt mono-/bi-doped anatase TiO2(101) surface
Authors: Liu Qing-Lu , Zhao Zong-Yan
Published: January 2015

Pt mono-/bi-doping on anatase TiO2(101) surface is the initial stage of a Pt cocatalyst loading onto a TiO2photocatalyst surface.
Preparation of reduced graphene oxide/Cu nanoparticle composites through electrophoretic deposition: application for nonenzymatic glucose sensing
Authors: Wang Qian , Wang Qi , Li Musen , Szunerits Sabine , Boukherroub Rabah
Published: January 2015

The paper reports on the simultaneous reduction/deposition of thin films of rGO/Cu NPs from an ethanol solution of GO and CuSO4using EPD technique. The electrocatalytic properties of the electrode were exploited for non-enzymatic glucose sensing.
Investigation of dendrimers functionalized with eosin as macrophotoinitiators for polymerization-based signal amplification reactions
Authors: Kaastrup K. , Sikes H. D.
Published: January 2015

Water-soluble macrophotoinitiators with up to 24 eosin substituents and one protein per dendrimer were assessed in interfacial binding assays.
Sustainable activated carbons prepared from a sucrose-derived hydrochar: remarkable adsorbents for pharmaceutical compounds
Authors: Mestre Ana S. , Tyszko Emil , Andrade Marta A. , Galhetas Margarida , Freire Cristina , Carvalho Ana P.
Published: January 2015

Biomass as key to water reclamation: sugar-derived carbons allow high adsorption capacities for the removal of pharmaceuticals from water.
Combined effects of gamma-irradiation and preparation method on antioxidant activity and phenolic composition of Tuberaria lignosa
Authors: Pinela José , Antonio Amilcar L. , Barros Lillian , Barreira João C. M. , Carvalho Ana Maria , Oliveira M. B. P. P. , Santos-Buelga Celestino , Ferreira Isabel C. F. R.
Published: January 2015

The preparation method had a higher influence on bioactive properties than the processing treatment, with decoctions being preferable over infusions, as indicated by the higher antioxidant activity and levels of phenolic compounds.
An anode buffer layer with size-controlled Ag nanoparticles for polymer solar cells with improved efficiencies
Authors: Ganeshan Dhanavel , Chen Shan-Ci , Yin Zhigang , Zheng Qingdong
Published: January 2015

The PCE of the best performing PSC was enhanced to 9.45% by incorporating 55 nm Ag NPs in the PEDOT:PSS.
Butylamino-functionalized cellulose nanocrystal films: barrier properties and mechanical strength
Authors: Visanko Miikka , Liimatainen Henrikki , Sirviö Juho Antti , Mikkonen Kirsi S. , Tenkanen Maija , Sliz Rafal , Hormi Osmo , Niinimäki Jouko
Published: January 2015

Self-standing films were fabricated from butylamino-functionalized cellulose nanocrystals and tested for their mechanical strength and barrier performance.
Nanotexturing of PC/n-HA nanocomposites by innovative and advanced spray system
Authors: Banerjee Barnali S. , Balasubramanian K.
Published: January 2015

Nanoscale texturing of n-HA filler on PC matrix is ameliorated by advanced engineered spray techniquesviz.spary gun and centrifuged spray dryer, modifying properties of biomedical grade screw/plate coating application.
Revisited phonon assignment and electro-mechanical properties of chromium disilicide
Authors: Hermet P. , Khalil M. , Viennois R. , Beaudhuin M. , Bourgogne D. , Ravot D.
Published: January 2015

We report a complete study of the lattice dynamics, dielectric, elastic and piezoelectric properties of hexagonal semiconducting chromium disilicide (CrSi2).
Structural properties of cerium doped siloxane–PMMA hybrid coatings with high anticorrosive performance
Authors: Harb S. V. , Santos F. C. dos , Caetano B. L. , Pulcinelli S. H. , Santilli C. V. , Hammer P.
Published: January 2015

Novel environmentally compliant Ce(iv) doped siloxane–PMMA coatings exhibiting dense cross-linked structure, high thermal stability, unique anticorrosive performance and self-healing ability.
Synthesis of a novel pH responsive phyllosilicate loaded polymeric hydrogel based on poly(acrylic acid-co-N-vinylpyrrolidone) and polyethylene glycol for drug delivery: modelling and kinetics study for the sustained release of an antibiotic drug
Authors: Ganguly Sayan , Das Narayan C.
Published: January 2015

In this study, we developed a novel pH-sensitive composite interpenetrating polymeric network (IPN) hydrogel based on polyethylene gylcol (PEG) and poly(acrylic acid-co-N-vinylpyrrolidone) crosslinked with N,N-methylenebisacrylamide (MBA).
Preparing mono-dispersed liquid core PDMS microcapsules from thiol–ene–epoxy-tailored flow-focusing microfluidic devices
Authors: Mazurek P. , Daugaard A. E. , Skolimowski M. , Hvilsted S. , Skov A. L.
Published: January 2015

A dual-cure system based on thiol–ene and thiol–epoxy “click chemistry” reactions proved to be an effective and easy to use tool for microfluidic chips, which provides control over material properties and enables covalently bonding of chip wafers.
Base-promoted silver-catalyzed protodeboronation of arylboronic acids and esters
Authors: Liu Chun , Li Xinmin , Wu Yonghua
Published: January 2015

The first base-promoted silver-catalyzed efficient protodeboronation of arylboronic acids and esters in aqueous media was developed.
Preparation and electrochemical performance of Mo6V9O40 nanorods as cathode materials for Li batteries
Authors: Hu Meng , Liang Jing , Chen Xiaoqing , Wei Jinping , Zhou Zhen
Published: January 2015

Mo6V9O40 nanorods were prepared through short-time calcination, and demonstrated good performance at deep discharge as cathode materials for lithium batteries.
Enhancing performance of Ni/La2O3 catalyst by Sr-modification for steam reforming of toluene as model compound of biomass tar
Authors: Oemar Usman , Ang Ming Li , Hidajat Kus , Kawi Sibudjing
Published: January 2015

Sequential impregnation of Sr on Ni/La2O3 catalyst has higher activity than co-impregnation of Sr and Ni on La2O3 support in steam reforming of biomass tar with toluene as the model compound due to the presence of higher amount of Sr on the surface which helps in water adsorption.
Heavier chalcogenone complexes of bismuth(iii)trihalides: potential catalysts for acylative cleavage of cyclic ethers
Authors: Srinivas Katam , Suresh Paladugu , Babu Chatla Naga , Sathyanarayana Arruri , Prabusankar Ganesan
Published: January 2015

Heavier chalcogenone complexes of discrete mononuclear and dinuclear bismuth(iii)trihalides have been synthesized and used as potential catalyst in acylative cleavage of cyclic ethers.
Facile preparation of C-modified TiO2 supported on MCF for high visible-light-driven photocatalysis
Authors: Qiu Bocheng , Zhong Chengchao , Xing Mingyang , Zhang Jinlong
Published: January 2015

This study developed a facile approach for preparing C-modified TiO2/MCF with high visible light photocatalytic activity by a hydrothermal and thermal treatment method.