bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Differentially Private Simple Genetic Algorithms
Authors: Humphries Thomas , Kerschbaum Florian
Published: August 2023

The differentially private (DP) selection problem is a fundamental building block in the private literature that is commonly solved with the exponential mechanism. It is well known that efficiency is the major drawback of the exponential mechanism, as the utility function must be computed for all elements in the domain. Genetic algorithms (GAs) use the principles of evolution in nature to efficiently search through large domains and select the best candidate. We observe that GAs have many appealing properties for DP Selection. These include being robust to noisy objectives, placing no restriction on the utility function, and efficient runtime for large domains. However, prior work investigating DP GAs has shown poor utility in practice and often gives the highest utility when zero generations are conducted (indicating that GA operations are not beneficial under DP). This work provides a new DPGA based on the simple GA that addresses the weaknesses of prior solutions. We reduce the destructive nature of previous GA operators and utilize several techniques to reduce the noise from DP. Our modifications allow us to utilize the GA operators over multiple generations (under DP) and improve the GA's overall utility over zero generation techniques. Our work shows that private GAs are competitive with state-of-the-art general and problem-specific solutions to the DP selection problem, with runtime sublinear in the domain size.
Data-Explainable Website Fingerprinting with Network Simulation
Authors: Jansen Rob , Wails Ryan
Published: August 2023

Website fingerprinting (WF) attacks allow an adversary to associate a website with the encrypted traffic patterns produced when accessing it, thus threatening to destroy the client-server unlinkability promised by anonymous communication networks. Explainable WF is an open problem in which we need to improve our understanding of (1) the machine learning models used to conduct WF attacks; and (2) the WF datasets used as inputs to those models. This paper focuses on explainable datasets; that is, we develop an alternative to the standard practice of gathering low-quality WF datasets using synthetic browsers in large networks without controlling for natural network variability. In particular, we demonstrate how network simulation can be used to produce explainable WF datasets by leveraging the simulator's high degree of control over network operation. Through a detailed investigation of the effect of network variability on WF performance, we find that: (1) training and testing WF attacks in networks with distinct levels of congestion increases the false-positive rate by as much as 200%; (2) augmenting the WF attacks by training them across several networks with varying degrees of congestion decreases the false-positive rate by as much as 83%; and (3) WF classifiers trained on completely simulated data can achieve greater than 80% accuracy when applied to the real world.
Throwing Your Weight Around: Fixing Tor's Positional Weighting
Authors: Johnson Aaron , Jaggard Aaron D. , Syverson Paul
Published: August 2023

We analyze deficiencies in Tor's positional weighting system, identifying cases in which the system either fails to produce valid weights or fails to properly load balance across positions. We describe how an attacker can take advantage of these failures to reduce Tor's performance, thereby also easing censorship and surveillance through a denial-of-service attack. Our attacks exploit incorrectly determined positional-weight equations by adding new capacity to the network or, for even more covertness, by just minor changes in the status of existing malicious relays. Our analysis of past Tor consensuses shows that these attacks could have reduced the throughput of the network by as much as 45% due only to their triggering of Tor's flawed position weights. Rather than a mere patch to Tor's currently ad hoc scheme, we then propose a new, systematic method for deriving positional weights and propose two goal sets generated using that method. We derive new sets of weights, prove that they satisfy these goal sets, and give examples of how they would change the weights from the current system. Tor could use our results to quickly fix the main deficiencies of its positional weights as well as adopt a better approach long-term.
Re-Imagining the Cooling Systems for Markets in Developing Countries: A Conceptual Analysis of a Footstep Powered Cooler
Authors: Mayanja Ismael Kilinya , Anokye-Bempah Laudia , Parwoth Musdalifa , Dhikusooka Joshua , Oluk Isaac
Published: August 2023

Preserving perishable food items like fruits and vegetables in local markets of developing countries is a significant challenge due to the lack of affordable and sustainable cooling solutions, resulting in high food loss, economic burden, and environmental waste. This paper presents a conceptual analysis of a footstep-powered cooler (FPC) system that harnesses the energy generated from footstep movement to power refrigeration systems. The study developed a Minimal Viable Product (MVP) consisting of a piezoelectric plate connected to a voltage doubler circuit to measure the energy generated per step. Results showed that a single footstep on a 0.15 x 0.15 m tile with four piezoelectric plates connected in series generated 0.8 J of energy. However, when extrapolated to the scale of a market, the energy generated from footsteps fell significantly short of the energy requirements for refrigeration. The study suggests optimizing tile placement, exploring other piezoelectric materials, and improving energy extraction efficiency through circuit modifications as potential strategies to enhance energy output to meet the required energy demands. While footstep-generated energy alone may not be sufficient, it represents a promising and sustainable approach to preserving perishable food in local markets, reducing food loss, and improving overall efficiency in the food supply chain.
TINGKAT KETERAMPILAN DASAR SHOOTING, DRIBBLING DAN PASSING PADA EKSTRAKURIKULER BOLA BASKET SISWA PUTRA SMP NEGERI 4 JOMBANG
Authors: Kustoro Arif , Sinto Raya Garnika Ade
Published: August 2023

The basic technique of basketball is a very important technique in the running of a basketball game or match. Some of the basic techniques applied in junior high school level learning are dribbling, shooting, and passing. This study aims to determine the level of basic skills in playing basketball. The targets in this study were 32 boys' basketball extracurricular students at SMP Negeri 4 Jombang. The type of research used is quantitative with a survey method. The test instrument used the Johson Basketball test with a validity test of 0.79 and a reliability test of 0.80. Data were processed using descriptive statistical analysis techniques with SPSS 22.0 series. The results of the research on the basic skill level of playing basketball for male students who take part in extracurricular activities at SMP Negeri 4 Jombang show that there are 3 students (9.4%) in the very good category, 6 students (18.8%) in the good category, 12 students (37.5%) in the moderate category. %), in the less category there are 8 students (25%), and in the very less category there are 3 students (9.4%).
EFETIVIDADE DA CONCILIAÇÃO E MEDIAÇÃO JUNTO AO TRIBUNAL DE JUSTIÇA DO ESTADO DE GOIÁS - MUNICIPIO DE IPORÁ
Authors: MARTINS MACHADO LÍLIA
Published: August 2023

Este artigo científico teve como objetivo analisar a implementação e eficácia dos métodos alternativos de resolução de conflitos (conciliação e mediação) na jurisdição do Tribunal de Justiça de Goiás no município de Iporá (TJGO). Utilizou-se uma abordagem hipotético-dedutiva e um referencial teórico compreendido pela legislação e doutrina. Para tanto, foram conceituados métodos alternativos de solução de conflitos, bem como espécies que mais se adequam à legislação processual civil vigente, mediação e mediação. A Lei nº 13.140/2015 e a nova legislação através da Lei nº 13.105/2015 do Código de Processo Civil introduziram algumas mudanças significativas na conciliação e nas instituições de mediação. Daí a relevância do estudo, que tenta sistematizar pressupostos sobre a pertinência e adequação das técnicas extrajudiciais para a resolução célere de conflitos e sua eficácia no processo.
Pengembangan Kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam pada Madrasah Berbasis Riset di Yayasan Madrasah Pendidikan Islam (YMPI) Tanjung Balai
Authors: Br. Ginting Aliva Humairah , Prastowo Andi
Published: August 2023

Kajian ini dilatarbelakangi tertinggalnya pengembangan riset di Indonesia disebabkan oleh kurangnya penerapan iklim pengembangan riset pada lembaga pendidikan, khususnya di bidang keagamaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tahapan, bentuk, faktor pendukung dan penghambat dalam mengembangkan kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam di Madrasah Berbasis Riset. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif melalui teknik pemerolehan data, yaitu wawancara, pengamatan, dan analisis dokumen. Selanjutnya data dianalisa melalui teknik reduksi data, penyajian data hingga penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa YMPI (Yayasan Madrasah Pendidikan Islam) melakukan tahap-tahap untuk pengembangan kurikulum pendidikan agama Islam berbasis riset, secara umum masih terkesan sama dengan tahapan yang ada pada Kurikulum 2013. Riset YMPI Tanjung Balai diwujudkan dalam bentuk matapelajaran, berupa model pembelajaran riset pada mata pelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam. Faktor pendukung pengembangan kurikulum seperti dukungan dari kepala madrasah, kemauan peserta didik untuk belajar, SDM tenaga pendidik yang berkualitas, sarana-prasarana yang mencukupi. Adapun faktor penghambatnya meliputi biaya yang cukup besar dan waktu yang terbatas dalam melaksanakan riset.

Kata kunci: Pengembangan Kurikulum, Pendidikan Agama Islam, Riset.
PENGELOLAAN SARANA DAN PRASARANA DI RAUDHATUL ATHFAL AL-MUSTAQIEM
Authors: Daulay Nur Afifa , Wulandari Sahri , Mayanjani Tria , Nst Siti Khadijah
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengelolaan sarana dan prasarana di RA Al-Mustaqiem. Pengelolaan sarana dan prasarana dilakukan dengan mengajukan bantuan kepada pihak pemerintah dan pemakaian sarana dan prasarana sesuai dengan kebutuhan murid. Pengelolaan sarana dan prasarana sangat dibutuhkan untuk terciptanya sekolah yang aman, nyaman dan berjalan secara kondusif. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mendeskripsikan: 1) perencanaan 2) pengadaan, 3) penginventarisasian, 4) pemanfaatan, 5) pemeliharaan, dan 6) penghapusan sarana dan prasarana di RA Al-Mustaqiem. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian di RA Al-Mustaqiem pada pengelolaan sarana dan prasarana yang dilakukan oleh pihak RA sudah baik dan bertanggung jawab dalam memenuhi sarana dan prasarana untuk anak didik. Namun disarankan agar pihak RA lebih fokus lagi dalam kebersihan kamar mandi, agar pengguna fasilitas tersebut merasakan nyaman.
TERPAAN MEDIA SOSIAL TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN BAHASA ANAK
Authors: Hasibuan Khoirun Nisa , Mairoh Ayu , Rangkuti Rizky Azhari
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mengetahui perkembangan bahasa remaja, dan untuk mengetahui peran guru dalam media sosial. Era modern yang semakin pesat membutuhkan informasi yang akurat, tepat, dan terkini semakin dibutuhkan seiring dengan perkembangan teknologi informasi yang sangat pesat, sehingga terpaan media sosial sudah tidak asing lagi dikalangan remaja sebagai pengguna aktif. Untuk mengetahui sejauh mana media sosial mempengaruhi perkembangan remaja khususnya pada perkembangan bahasanya, dapat dilihat pada penggunaan bahasa di media sosial serta faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi dalam perkembangan bahasa pada remaja yang masih duduk di jenjang pendidikan. Pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini dilakukan melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi yang meliputi: (1) Perkembangan bahasa pada remaja dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor, antara lain faktor biologis, pengalaman dan budaya. (2) Peran Guru seperti memberikan bimbingan juga dibutuhkan agar tidak keliru dengan media sosial.
PENGARUH PERKEMBANGAN INTELEKTUAL, SOSIAL, DAN BAHASA REMAJA TERHADAP TINGKAH LAKU SISWA DI SD NEGERI KANDANG MBELANG KABUPATEN ACEH TENGGARA
Authors: Ardita Shafa , Selian Fadhila Husna , Siregar Nurmaliana Sari , Sabila Fadiyah Hani
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perkembangan intelektual, sosial dan bahasa remaja terhadap tingkah laku siswa SD Negeri Kandang Mbelang. Penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif dengan menggunakan teknik observasi dalam menggali data yang relevan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) Kemampuan kognitif siswa memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap proses pembelajaran di sekolah, dan memiliki pengaruh terhadap tingkah laku dan kepribadiannya. (2) Pengaruh pergaulan sangat berpengaruh terhadap tingkah laku siswa. Anak yang berteman dengan siswa yang menunjukkan sikap dan kelakuan yang baik, maka perilaku anak tersebut juga terpengaruh ke dalam kelakuan yang baik. (3) Dengan memakai bahasa yang baik serta benar dan cara penyampaian yang santun disertai intonasi yang tepat, akan membuktikan kepada orang lain bahwa kita memiliki perilaku yang baik.
PENERAPAN STRATEGI KOOPERATIF LEARNING UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR FIQIH MATERI THAHARAH DI KELAS VII DI MTSN 1 NAGAN RAYA KABUPATEN NAGAN RAYA PROVINSI ACEH
Authors: Yunilman Yunilman
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan Penerapan Strategi Kooperatif Learning Untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar fiqih materi thaharah di kelas VII di MTsN 1 Nagan Raya Kabupaten Nagan Raya Provinsi Aceh Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan (action research), karena penelitian dilakukan untuk memecahkan masalah pembelajaran di kelas. Penelitian ini juga termasuk penelitian deskriptif. Hasil penelitian Penerapan strategi pembelajaran cooperatife learning dilakukan guru fikih disebabkan beberapa hal, yaitu: proses pembelajaran menjadi lebih menyenangkan bagi siswa, karena siswa merasa selalu tertantang dengan melakukan berbagai observasi atau penelaahan dilingkungannya berkaitan dengan materi yang diajarkan guru, pemahaman siswa akan menjadi lebih kompleks karena siswa paham keterkaitan antara materi yang diajarkan di sekolah dengan aktifitas dilingkungannya; pemahaman dan pengetahuan siswa yang kompleks akan menyadarkan siswa menerapkan apa yang diajarkan dalam kehidupan sehari- hari. Hipotesa penulis dalam penelitian ini diterima dan diyakini 99%, bahwa cooperatife learning berpengaruh kuat atau tinggi terhadap hasil belajar fikih siswa kelas VII.
PENGARUH PEMBERIAN LAYANAN BIMBINGAN KELOMPOK TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN KARAKTER BERTANGGUNG JAWAB SISWA KELAS VII DI SMP CERDAS MURNI MEDAN
Authors: Qalbi Nugraha Salasa
Published: August 2023

Penelitian ini berjudul, “Pengaruh Pemberian Layanan Bimbingan Kelompok Terhadap Pembentukan Karakter Bertanggung Jawab Siswa Kelas VII Di SMP Cerdas Murni Medan” dilatarbelakangi oleh menurunnya tanggung jawab siswa yang disebabkan oleh peristiwa Covid-19 sehingga siswa harus melaksanakan kegiatan belajar di rumah. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah penelitian kualitatif dengan jenis Penelitian Tindakan Bimbingan dan Konseling (PTBK). Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 9 orang siswa yang dipilih dengan teknik purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner, observasi, wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Prosedur dalam Penelitian Tindakan Bimbingan Konseling ini dilaksanakan dalam 4 tahapan yaitu Rencana, Tindakan, Observasi (Analisis Hasil) dan Refleksi, Evaluasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis data deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil dari 2 siklus yang dilaksanakan pada penelitian ini yang bertujuan untuk mengidentiifikasi peningkatan karakter siswa yaitu berhasil. Terlihat dari peningkatan di setiap siklus yaitu pada siklus I tingkat pencapaian adalah 56% yang meningkat di siklus II menjadi 78%. Hal tersebut menghasilkan bahwasanya hipotesis yang diajukan yakni, “Ada Pengaruh yang Signifikan Antara Layanan Bimbingan Kelompok dengan Karakter Terhadap Perilaku Tanggung Jawab Siswa Kelas VIII SMP Cerdas Murni Medan” diterima.
AJIA, Volume 12, n° 1 & 2, 2009 - Full Issue
Authors: Journal system
Published: August 2023

Guest Editors

Tukumbi Lumumba-Kasongo & Patrice Bigombe Logo

Contents

Introduction

Etats et transformations de la politique en Afrique subsaharienne : quels nouveaux modes de régulations ?

Tukumbi Lumumba-Kasongo & Patrice Bigombe Logo ........... .......... 1

La suppression de la limitation du nombre de mandats présidentiels au Cameroun : Analyse de la bifurcation de la trajectoire d’une politique institutionnelle

André Tchoupie ............................................................................ 5

Sécurité et ordre politique au Cameroun : entre dynamiques internes et connexions internationales

Belomo Essono Pélagie Chantal.....................................................39

Les gouvernements de transition comme sites d'institutionnalisation de la politique dans les ordres politiques en voie de sortie de crise en Afrique ?

Yves Paul Mandjem.....................................................................81
NA ENCRUZILHADA ENTRE MESSIANISMO E REVOLUÇÃO
Authors: Souza Guilherme Sam-Sin de
Published: August 2023

O presente trabalho busca extrair diferentes níveis interpretativos em torno do sintagma violência divina, utilizado por Walter Benjamin em seu ensaio de 1921 intitulado “Para a crítica da violência”. Para tanto, nos utilizaremos de uma chave de leitura que priorize a importância dos cruzamentos entre as influências do messianismo judaico – em especial, a categoria de Redenção – e a categoria de revolução – anárquica e utópica – no pensamento benjaminiano. Nosso esforço consistirá em tatear as pistas deixadas por Gershom Scholem e os comentários  de autores da obra de Walter Benjamin que dialogam e dissertam sobre as referências teológicas do pensamento de Walter Benjamin e optam por contextualizar as discussões nas quais Benjamin estava inserido no período em que redigia seu ensaio (ao exemplo dos tensionamentos com a filosofia crítica de Kant, a entrada das referências marxianas por intermédio de Ernst Bloch e as discussões em torno de categorias judaicas de pensamento nas interlocuções com Scholem). Destarte, desenvolveremos as afinidades heréticas entre messianismo e revolução que emanam da violência divina benjaminiana e as diversas camadas de leitura que esse sintagma pode revelar. Além dos sentidos, espantos e inúmeras querelas e dissidências interpretativas que a violência divina – e seu caráter anárquico, revolucionário e escatológico – causa entre filósofos e comentadores da obra de Walter Benjamin. Também realizaremos comentários sobre como as imagens criadas por Benjamin, a partir de termos políticos e telógico-políticos, se apresentam como uma tentativa de expandir as possibilidades de uma gramática política radical para além do “realismo” empobrecido de determinados modos de fazer e pensar a filosofia política.
PODER E VIOLÊNCIA NOS PENSAMENTOS DE HANNAH ARENDT E WALTER BENJAMIN
Authors: Brazil Luciano Gomes
Published: August 2023

Neste artigo procuramos elaborar um diálogo improvável entre as concepções arendtiana e benjaminiana da violência, procurando primeiro entender a separação conceitual entre Violência e Poder e os pressupostos que estão colocados nesta abordagem encontrada no ensaio On Violence e alguns outros textos de Hannah Arendt. A autora entende que toda violência é instrumental, enquanto o poder não se manifesta da mesma forma. Arendt procura traçar uma crítica ao mal-entendido de que para haver poder é preciso que haja violência. Para fundamentar este posicionamento conceitual, Arendt visita as concepções greco-romanas de civitas e isonomia e conclui que os revolucionários do século XVIII se equivocaram acerca da noção de obediência. Em seguida, buscando entender a concepção benjaminiana de Gewalt, sinônimo tanto de violência quanto de poder, observamos o exemplo e a distinção entre dois tipos de greve que adotam estratégias diferentes diante do poder coercivo do estado, portanto duas diferentes Práxis: uma, nomeada por greve geral política, cuja ação se compreende como meio para fins de direito e que, portanto, na concepção benjaminiana é violenta; e outra cujos fins não são de direito e que, portanto, seria uma concepção não violenta. Benjamin, além de não distinguir violência e poder, concebe a forma jurídica estatal como uma forma violenta e que procura monopolizar os usos da violência desautorizando quaisquer outras formas de sua manifestação. Os argumentos benjaminianos se encaminham para uma concepção mítica de manifestação da violência a isto se ligando concepções próprias encontradas tanto em Para a crítica da violência quanto outros escritos da década de 1920 e cuja forma mais geral é formulada na oposição entre mito e história. À guisa de conclusão, arriscamos algumas considerações aproximativas entre estes dois autores.
ASPECTOS BIOJURÍDICOS DA EUTANÁSIA EM ANIMAIS INFECTADOS COM LEISHIMANIOSE VISCERAL CANINA (LVC)
Authors: Sá Maria de Fátima Freire de , Costa Ana Flávia Pereira de Almeida , Pontes Pedro Augusto Freire de Sá
Published: August 2023

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar os aspectos biojurídicos da prática da eutanásia animal nos casos de infecção por leishmaniose visceral canina (LVC), questionando sua eficiência em prol da saúde pública a partir de dados secundários, bem como analisando-a no contexto de proteção do bem-estar integral (mental, físico e natural) do cão, de modo a evitar-lhe sofrimento. Para tanto, foi realizada pesquisa bibliográfica multidisciplinar de abordagem médico-veterinária e jurídica, a partir da qual concluiu-se que a eutanásia animal deve ser procedida em casos específicos, no intuito de promover proteção, tanto sob o ponto de vista coletivo, quanto em se tratando de saúde individual. Nesse último aspecto, a eutanásia pode ser a solução para coibir o sofrimento do animal não-humano.
CERTIFICADO DA JUSTIÇA TIPO ¨ISO¨ PARA REDUÇÃO DA LITIGÂNCIA HABITUAL
Authors: Maciel Junior Vicente de Paula , Campante Rubens Goyatá
Published: August 2023

O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar as questões litigantes habituais e as causas que elevam o alto índice de congestionamento da justiça. O interessante deste trabalho reside na metodologia comparativa utilizada que relaciona os litigantes habituais com o aspecto econômico e o custo benefício resultando nas vantagens que os maiores litigantes obtêm com a administração do tempo do contencioso. Para ampliar a busca, os autores coletam dados no site do Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social e listam a empresa que mais recebeu recursos públicos. Os autores observam que os maiores litigantes são os mesmos maiores beneficiários do dinheiro público ao comparar as listas do período de 2006 a 2015 do Conselho Nacional de Justiça que mostra os 100 maiores litigantes com aquela lista dos maiores beneficiários do dinheiro público. Assim, questiona-se por que o Estado pode emprestar dinheiro público a grandes empresas que costumam descumprir decisões judiciais e retardar deliberadamente os processos judiciais. Os autores não se limitam à coleta de dados, pois vão além ao propor que o Estado assuma o papel da questão judicial para implementar políticas públicas com caráter de sanção premium, estimular as empresas a cumprirem espontaneamente a lei e decisões judiciais. Assim, formulam uma proposta interessante para a criação de uma certidão judicial, que seria proferida pelo Conselho Nacional de Justiça ou pelo órgão jurisdicional máximo dos diversos setores da Justiça Especializada. Esse certificado seria uma espécie de ISO. A certidão seria um documento obrigatório de apresentação para contratação com o Governo, para que o Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social, bancos públicos, União, Estados e Municípios não contratem ou emprestem dinheiro público a empresas que constam da lista de litigantes habituais repetidamente e por anos.
O VALOR ÉTICO-JURÍDICO DO PRONTUÁRIO MÉDICO
Authors: Lage Caio , Nascimento Matheus Alexandrino , Verdival Rafael
Published: August 2023

O prontuário médico, por partir de uma composição documental padronizada referente aos cuidados de saúde prestados ao paciente, demonstra relevância ímpar, tanto no contexto médico-hospitalar como também em esferas éticas, jurídicas e administrativas. Desse modo, o presente artigo debruça-se sobre a análise do valor ético-jurídico do prontuário médico, examinando como o registro de dados clínicos pode impactar o tratamento terapêutico e a relação médico-paciente, perquirindo se, em casos de judicialização, essa documentação pode ser utilizada como meio de prova. Por intermédio de uma perspectiva dedutiva vinculada a uma abordagem qualitativa, tendo como método de investigação o levantamento e a análise de livros, artigos científicos, normativas e jurisprudência, objetiva-se investigar os pressupostos de construção desse documento e a existência de limites ao acesso, ponderando acerca de pressupostos basilares consolidados nas normas deontológicas vigentes.
PORNOGRAFIA E DESIGUALDADE DE GÊNERO
Authors: Caporali Bárbara Fonseca
Published: August 2023

O presente trabalho visa a análise de teorias ético-jurídicas acerca de materiais pornográficos sob a ótica da desigualdade de gênero e da liberdade de expressão. A definição de pornografia que será usada será a de: “materiais gráficos que exploram a sexualidade humana com a exibição da subalternidade sexual da mulher” (DWORKIN; MACKINNON, 1989, p. 34). Na pesquisa inicialmente se propõe a analisar o conceito de feminismo radical e liberal, e o diálogo entre os autores Catharine MacKinnon e Ronald Dworkin sobre a questão, com enfoque na teoria ético-jurídica de MacKinnon. Também será explorada a abordagem da temática no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, especialmente sob a ótica do revenge porn. A pesquisa se justifica na medida em que a pornografia é um fenômeno que deve ser observado atentamento sob o ângulo das recentes mudanças tecnológicas e da disseminação em massa da internet, por consequência, nota-se um crescente debate existente à respeito do tema, especialmente no cerne do movimento feminista. A metodologia adotada será centrada em pesquisa bibliográfica, de forma a desenvolver estudo exploratório baseado em materiais já elaborados.
RACISMO ESTRUTURAL E SUB-REPRESENTAÇÃO NEGRA NA POLÍTICA BRASILEIRA
Authors: Pinheiro Lucas Aparecido de Jesus
Published: August 2023

A existência de racismo estrutural é, na sociedade brasileira, um fato consensualmente aceito pelos estudiosos do tema. Esta realidade desigual acarreta consequências nas mais diversas áreas da vida cívica e política, trazendo sérias implicações para o Direito e para o Estado Democrático instaurado pela Constituição de 1988. Neste artigo, busca-se compreender a relação entre o racismo estrutural e a sub-representação negra no sistema político brasileiro e, comparativamente, analisar como o racismo se reflete em sub-representação nas outras esferas consideradas de poder e prestígio social. Também se apresenta uma política pública que colabora para mitigar o impacto da desigualdade racial na sociedade brasileira e a discussão sobre a constitucionalidade de tal ferramenta. No artigo, abrange-se a necessidade de ampliação de ações afirmativas no Brasil, para que as disparidades raciais possam ser atenuadas e uma sociedade justa e verdadeiramente democrática e plural se torne realidade no país.
UM ESTUDO COMPARATIVO DAS RUPTURAS E CONTINUIDADES NA CONCEPÇÃO DE JUSTIÇA EM HUMANO DEMASIADO HUMANO E GENEALOGIA DA MORAL
Authors: Oliveira Samuel Procópio Menezes de
Published: August 2023

O presente estudo tem como objetivo investigar as rupturas e continuidades na concepção de justiça nietzschiana a partir de duas obras, quais sejam: Humano Demasiado Humano e Genealogia da Moral. Por rupturas, entende-se os aspectos dissonantes entre as duas obras e por continuidades os aspectos consoantes ou convergentes. Pretende-se, com a investigação empreendida, verificar se é possível apreender um caráter normativo e não só meramente descritivo da noção de justiça em Nietzsche. Justifica esta pesquisa o fato de que as conexões entre Nietzsche, justiça, Direito e normatividade não podem mais serem vistas como fato surpreendente para os pesquisadores. Os temas que gravitam no entorno dessa discussão são abundantes, como é o caso do abolicionismo penal, da democracia e da desigualdade entre os homens, dentre outros. O método utilizado neste trabalho é precisamente o método de revisão bibliográfica, pois com este poderá ser possível realizar um detido estudo comparativo com vistas a qualitativamente debruçar-se diante da argumentação nietzschiana sobre a justiça em períodos distintos de sua produção bibliográfica. Sendo assim, conclui-se que existem pontos extremamente convergentes entre as obras Humano Demasiado Humano e Genealogia da Moral, como, por exemplo, o equilíbrio de forças e o conflito de interesses. Porém, existem também pontos em oposição, como a normatividade e o Direito como centro de gravidade da justiça entre credor e devedor na obra Genealogia da Moral, situação inexistente nos instintos de autoconservação do homem explorados em Humano Demasiado Humano.
O PROCESSO DE LIQUEFAÇÃO IDENTITÁRIA À LUZ DE ZYGMUNT BAUMAN
Authors: Santos Mariana Cardoso Penido dos , Souza Angelis Lopes Briseno de
Published: August 2023

O presente artigo objetiva analisar se em decorrência de uma sociedade fragilizada em que nada se mantém ou perpetua por muito tempo o indivíduo passa ou não por um processo de liquefação identitária. Levando em consideração que a partir da segunda metade do século XX houve uma abrupta ruptura com uma sociedade que até então se mantinha estável e estritamente controlada, evidencia-se que o novo modelo societário abriu espaço para que o consumo e o consumismo fossem difundidos. O pensamento que até então era em prol do coletivo, passou a ser centrado no eu, buscando garantir que cada interesse egoístico dentro de uma sociedade de consumo e de consumidores, fossem consubstanciados. Para desenvolver o artigo, optou-se pelo método de revisão de literatura, utilizando especificamente o livro “Modernidade Líquida” de Zygmunt Bauman. O pensamento do sociólogo adicionou uma nova característica para a sociedade que estamos inseridos: liquidez. Para Bauman, a sociedade moderna encontra-se em um constante processo de liquefação, imediatismo e insatisfação, fazendo com que os indivíduos não consigam manter uma relação saudável, forte e duradoura. Não obstante, aduz também que o indivíduo da sociedade de consumidores também são a própria mercadoria, passando por um processo de auto fabricação no próprio mercado. Questionou-se então: qual a possibilidade do ser humano se perder de si mesmo (em identidade) nesse contexto mercadológico? Concluiu-se, para tanto, com base no pensamento do sociólogo, que quando se abre espaço para que liberdades subjetivas sejam difundidas dentro dessa nova organização social, existe uma alta probabilidade do ser humano perder a noção do próprio eu dentro dessa vasta gama de possibilidades comerciais.
Bauernmusik und Klangmagie
Authors: Hunkemöller Jürgen
Published: August 2023

Die Diskrepanz zwischen der Popularität Béla Bartóks im Konzertsaal und den wissenschaftlichen Bemühungen um sein Lebenswerk ist auffällig. Zu diesen Bemühungen möchte der Verfasser einen thematisch breit gefächerten Beitrag leisten. Die vorliegende Publikation enthält zwölf Einzelstudien, die aktualisiert und harmonisiert wurden, und die einer jahrzehntelangen Beschäftigung mit dem Werk Bartóks entspringen. Das Anliegen ist nicht eine konventionelle Monographie zu Leben und Werk, sondern ein Mosaik, um den Facettenreichtum der Musik und die Vielfalt der Tätigkeiten Bartóks als Komponist, Ethnologe, Pianist und Pädagoge zu ergründen und sichtbar werden zu lassen. So fragen die Studien nach der Position seines Komponierens im Kontext des 20. Jahrhunderts, konsultieren Eigenanalysen und untersuchen Strategien des Anfangens von Musik; sie reflektieren Gattungspräferenzen, Sujets und Topoi; sie befragen das Verhältnis Bartóks zur Volksmusik, zum Jazz und zur Musik Mozarts; und sie beleuchten seine Beziehungen zu Deutschland von 1903 bis 1933. Tabellarisch gefasste Daten zur Biographie und ein ausführliches Werkverzeichnis dienen der Ergänzung. Zur Ausstattung des Buches gehören nicht nur Notenbeispiele und Diagramme, sondern auch zahlreiche Abbildungen und bislang unveröffentlichte Dokumente.
Kontra – Bass-Perspektiven im Jazz zwischen Frankfurt und Freiburg
Authors: Arndt Jürgen , Stabenow Thomas
Published: August 2023

Zwischen Frankfurt am Main und Freiburg im Breisgau vollzogen sich in den Jahrzehnten nach dem Ende des Zweiten Weltkriegs wichtige Entwicklungen hin zum modernen Jazz. Die jeweiligen größeren lokalen Szenen – neben Frankfurt und Freiburg noch Mannheim/Heidelberg und Stuttgart – standen miteinander im Austausch und wirkten prägend für den Jazz der jungen Bundesrepublik. Folglich kam auch den Kontrabassisten dieser Szenen eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Den Schwerpunkt im vorliegenden Buch bildet die Generation von Peter Trunk, Günter Lenz und Eberhard Weber – Jahrgänge 1936, 1938 und 1940. Hinzu treten mit Thomas Stabenow (*1952) und Dieter Ilg (*1961) zwei Vertreter jüngerer Generationen, die beispielhaft für weitere wichtige Entwicklungen stehen. Im ersten Teil des Buches wird eine vergleichende musikwissenschaftliche Untersuchung der Entwicklungen von Trunk und Weber unternommen; der zweite Teil besteht aus drei ausführlichen Gesprächen mit Lenz, Stabenow und Ilg.
The Correlation Diet Complience Toward Quality Of Life In Elderly With Hypertension
Authors: Witriyani Witriyani
Published: August 2023

Background: The elderly experienced the descent of the physiological function due to degenerative diseases so that non-infectious diseases are emerging up. One of them is hypertension. One of the efforts to prevent hypertension complication by obedient behavior on the hypertension diet, which is one of the factors that affect one’s quality of life. Quality of life becomes an important indicator for evaluating the results of hypertension treatment.

Purpose: The objective of this study is to determine the correlation diet compliance toward quality of life in elderly with hypertension.

Methods: This study is a retrospective correlation with cross sectional approach. The population of the study was 851 people. There were 89 respondents which were chosen by Purposive Sampling technique. The instrument which was used in this study is diet compliance of hipertension and quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF). The data were analyzed by using chi square test.

Results: The result of bivariate analysis with chi square test obtained value equal to 9.365> 3.481 (X2 count> X2 table) and it is also can be seen that the p value equal to 0.002 (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: There is correlation diet complience toward quality of life in elderly with hypertension.
The Correlation of Knowledge and Duration of Illness Towards Self Management With Diabetes Mellitus Patients in the Pan-demic Era of COVID-19
Authors: Wahyuni Sri , Wibowo Galuh Ayu
Published: August 2023

(1) Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that, if not treated trigger various disease, and also cause the severity of COVID-19 infection. People with DM need proper knowledge and management to improve the quality of life of patients during a pandemic and the treatment process will take a lifetime. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between knowledge and duration of illness on diabetes mellitus self-management; (2) Methods: The study's design is a correlational study with a cross-sectional approach, with a total sample of 138 respondents who were taken by convenience sampling technique. Data was collected using the diabetes knowledge questionnaire (DKQ-24), the COVID-19 knowledge questionnaire, and the diabetes self-management questionnaire (DSMQ); (3) Results: The Chi-Square statistical test analysis revealed a p-value of 0.00 relationship between knowledge and self-management; (4) Conclusions: There is a relationship between knowledge of diabetes mellitus and COVID-19 on self-management of diabetes mellitus, and there is no relationship between duration of illness and diabetes mellitus self-management during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Amide proton transfer-weighted MRI with multiple models DWI facilitates preoperative risk stratification of early stage endometrial carcinoma
Authors: Meng Nan , Fang Ting , Feng Pengyang , Huang Zhun , Sun Jing , Wang Xuejia , Shang Jie , Wang Kaiyu , Han Dongming , Wang Meiyun
Published: August 2023

Intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) and diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) can fully reflect the information of water molecular diffusion, microcirculation perfusion, and tissue heterogeneity. Amide proton transfer-weighted imaging (APTWI) has unique advantages in displaying mobile proteins and polypeptides. Our results showed that IVIM, DKI, and APTWI can estimate the risk stratification of early-stage (FIGO ≤ I) endometrial carcinoma (EC), and the combination of D, MK, and MTRasym (3.5 ppm) may be an effective imaging marker for identifying low-risk and non-low-risk early-stage EC.
How vascular properties affect the BOLD contrast across cortical depth.
Authors: Schellekens Wouter , Bhogal Alex , Roefs Emiel , Báez-Yáñez Mario , Siero Jeroen , Petridou Natalia
Published: August 2023

In the current study, we quantify vascular properties in relation to laminar BOLD fMRI signals for differently sized vascular compartments across cortical depth. Using hypercapnic and hyperoxic breathing conditions, while measuring from macro- and micro-vascular compartments, we estimate effects of dilation capacity, theoretical maximum signal intensity, and relative change in cerebral blood volume on laminar BOLD contrasts. We show that enlarged signals for larger pial veins are mainly caused by their capacity for dilation. BOLD signal differences between macro- and micro-vascular compartments are not likely caused by differences in theoretical maximum signal intensity, or relative changes in cerebral blood volume.
Heartbeat-resolved cardiac CINE imaging via motion corrected reconstructions
Authors: Cruz Gastao , Botnar René , Prieto Claudia
Published: August 2023

Conventional cardiac CINE imaging acquires segmented data over multiple heartbeats to satisfy sampling requirements. Recently, cardiac CINE reconstructions from a single heartbeat have been achieved using motion corrected reconstructions. This approach allows single heartbeat CINE and therefore can image the unique dynamics that occur in each heartbeat. Experiments in healthy subjects demonstrate that single heartbeat CINE is feasible and can detect heartbeat to heartbeat variation; the dynamics of individual heartbeats differ and cannot be detected with conventional CINE performed over multiple heartbeats. Single heartbeat CINE shows promise to characterize arrhythmias and other heart conditions where heartrate variability occurs.
Tensor-valued Encoding in the Human Heart In vivo
Authors: Teh Irvin , Shelley David , Poenar Ana-Maria , Dall'Armellina Erica , Plein Sven , Schneider Jürgen E. , Szczepankiewicz Filip
Published: August 2023

Tensor-valued encoding holds great promise in enhancing specificity in myocardial characterisation relative to diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). However, its application in the heart is challenging due to motion and limited SNR. In this work, we employed optimized diffusion encoding waveforms with up to 2nd order motion compensation and compensation for concomitant gradient effects to demonstrate the first in vivo application of q-space trajectory imaging (QTI) in the human heart. Baseline myocardial measurements of microscopic fractional anisotropy, as well as isotropic and anisotropic mean kurtosis are reported for the first time in the heart.
Free-breathing High-resolution Spiral Real-time Cardiac Cine Imaging at 1.5 T with DEep learning-based Spiral Image REconstruction (DESIRE)
Authors: Wang Junyu , Zhou Ruixi , Wang Xitong , Awad Marina , Salerno Michael
Published: August 2023

Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) real-time cine, which does not require breath-holding or ECG gating, is clinically useful particularly for patients with impaired breath-hold capacity and/or arrhythmias. Spiral acquisitions, which provide high acquisition efficiency and insensitivity to motion artifacts, can require a long reconstruction time particularly for compressed-sensing or other iterative reconstruction techniques. As such they cannot provide immediate feedback to the imager. Here, we sought to develop high-resolution real-time cine imaging at 1.5 T using fast spiral acquisitions and deep learning-based rapid imaging reconstruction for both bSSFP and GRE imaging, to make high-quality and online reconstruction for cine imaging feasible.
Non-ECG-triggered, free-breathing simultaneous T1, T2, T2*, and fat-fraction quantification in the myocardium with MR Multitasking
Authors: Cao Tianle , Wang Nan , Kwan Alan , Lee Hsu-Lei , Mao Xianglun , Xie Yibin , Han Pei , Han Hui , Christodoulou Anthony , Li Debiao
Published: August 2023

Myocardium tissue characterization with multi-parametric mapping has gained increased clinical interest. Conventional methods require multiple breath-holding, ECG-triggered scans, which may result in potential image misregistration and patient fatigue. In this work, a free-breathing, non-ECG-triggered approach for simultaneous myocardial T1/T2/T2*/FF (fat-fraction) mapping is presented. Quantitative measurements from the proposed technique agreed with those from single-parameter references.
Metabolite-Cycled Echo-Planar Spectroscopic Imaging of the Human Heart
Authors: Peereboom Sophie , Kozerke Sebastian
Published: August 2023

Spectroscopic imaging could provide insights into regional cardiac triglyceride variations, but scan times are relatively long. In this work metabolite-cycled echo-planar spectroscopic imaging with motion-adapted gating and weighted acquisition is proposed to assess triglyceride-to-water ratios in different regions of the human heart. Results are compared to metabolite-cycled EPSI with conventional acquisition and to single voxel measurements in the interventricular septum. It is shown that scan time can be reduced by more than half to less than 10 minutes as compared to conventional acquisition, while keeping the quality of triglyceride fitting constant.
Multi-Center, Multi-Vendor Calibration and Validation of Liver Iron Quantification using R2*-MRI at 1.5T and 3T
Authors: Hernando Diego , Zhao Ruiyang , Yuan Qing , Ghasabeh Mounes Aliyari , Ruschke Stefan , Miao Xinran , Karampinos Dimitrios , Mao Lu , Harris David , Mattison Ryan , Jeng Michael , Pedrosa Ivan , Kamel Ihab , Vasanawala Shreyas , Yokoo Takeshi , Reeder Scott
Published: August 2023

We report the final results of an NIH funded study of MRI-based quantification of liver iron. R2* MRI enables quantification of liver iron concentration (LIC), but the cross-vendor differences of R2*-based LIC estimation remain unknown. Therefore, we evaluated the performance of R2*-based LIC via a single-breath-hold, confounder-corrected R2*-MRI at both 1.5T and 3T, through a multi-center, multi-vendor study. We confirmed a linear relationship between R2* and LIC, with highly similar calibrations across centers and vendors. Calibrations for 1.5T and 3T were generated. The data generated in this study provide the necessary multi-center calibrations for broad dissemination of R2*-based LIC quantification.
In vivo measurement of bile metabolite concentrations at 3T by 1H STEAM MRS – breathing triggered navigation vs breath-hold acquisition.
Authors: Just Ivica , Leutner Michael , Wampl Stefan , Klepochová Radka , Trattnig Siegfried , Kautzky-Willer Alexandra , Krššák Martin
Published: August 2023

Detection of metabolites from human gallbladder poses some challenges due to its size and position. We compared breath-hold and respiratory triggered acquisition by 1H SVS STEAM sequence on patients in supine position at 3T. 14 peaks of bile components were detected using both acquisition setups. Quantification of metabolite concentrations, corrected with measured T2app relaxation times, showed results within the range of previously published data. STEAM sequence proved to be feasible for measurement of bile components at 3T in vivo, providing sufficient spectral quality for metabolite quantification in supine position with comparable results in both breath-hold and PACE navigated acquisition.
Radio-pathomic tumor probability maps in glioma patients using autopsy tissue samples as ground truth
Authors: Bobholz Samuel , Lowman Allison , Brehler Michael , Duenweg Savannah , Sherman John , Kyereme Fitzgerald , Cochran Elizabeth , Coss Dylan , Connelly Jennifer , Mueller Wade , Agarwal Mohit , Banerjee Anjishnu , LaViolette Peter
Published: August 2023

This study used autopsy tissue samples to develop multi-stage radio-pathomic models of tumor probability in glioma patients. Three models were trained to predict cell density, extracellular fluid density, and cytoplasm density segmented from autopsy samples using T1, T1C, FLAIR, and ADC intensity. A fourth model was then trained to predict tumor probability from pathological annotations using the cellularity, extracellular fluid, and cytoplasm segmentations as input. The combined models were then able to non-invasively estimate tumor probability using MRI. These maps identified regions of tumor beyond the contrast-enhancing region and discriminated between areas of tumor and vasogenic edema within FLAIR hyperintensity.
MRI with UTE: Capability for Nodule Detection and Lung RADS Classification as Compared with Standard- and Reduced-Dose CTs in Screening Cohort
Authors: Ohno Yoshiharu , Yui Masao , Yamamoto Kaori , Takenaka Daisuke , Yoshikawa Takeshi , Ikedo Masato , Takeda Saki , Iwase Akiyoshi , Oshima Yuka , Hamabuchi Nayu , Hanamatsu Satomu , Obama Yuki , Nagata Hiroyuki , Ueda Takahiro , Ikeda Hirotaka , Murayama Kazuhiro , Toyama Hiroshi
Published: August 2023

No report has been found to compare nodule detection and Lung RADS classification capabilities in lung cancer screening cohort among pulmonary MR imaging with UTE, low-dose CT (LDCT) and standard-dose CT (SDCT). We hypothesized that pulmonary MR imaging with UTE has a similar potential to detect pulmonary nodules and evaluate Lung-RADS classification and can apply lung cancer screening as well as CT. The purpose of this study was to compare the capability for nodule detection and Lung RADS classification among pulmonary MR imaging with UTE, LDCT and SDCT in lung cancer screening population.
Differentiation between benign liver lesions, primary malignant and secondary malignant tumors using APT and IVIM imaging
Authors: Ren Xue , Wang Jiazheng , Lin Liangjie , Song Qingwei , Pu Renwang , Zhao Ying , Lin Tao , Xu Qihao , Shen Zhiwei , Liu Ailian
Published: August 2023

This study aims to assess the efficacy of amide proton transfer-weighted (APTw) combined with intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging in differentiation benign liver lesions, primary malignant and secondary malignant tumors. Results showed that a high diagnostic efficacy could be achieved through the combination use of the APT value and IVIM parameters.
Radio-pathomic associations between MRI and complex histomorphometric features of prostate cancer
Authors: Duenweg Savannah , Bobholz Samuel , Lowman Allison , Brehler Michael , Kyereme Fitzgerald , Iczkowski Kenneth , LaViolette Peter
Published: August 2023

This study used digitized histology and MP-MRI from 48 patients with prostate cancer (PCa) to determine the relationship between complex histomorphometric features of PCa histology and MRI features. After prostatectomy, tissue samples were digitized, and co-registered to the T2 image. Slides were annotated by a pathologist, individual glands were identified using automated image processing algorithms, and histomorphometric features were calculated. Radiomic features were calculated to compare higher order texture and histological features. We found that lumen was more strongly associated with raw intensity, whereas epithelial features were more strongly associated with computed texture features.