bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Effect of Different Restorative Design on Stress Concentration of Lithium Disilicate and Monolithic Zirconia Endocrown- a Finite Element Analysis
Authors: Karn Garima , Shetty Prof (Dr.) Manoj , Hegde Prof (Dr.) Chethan
Published: October 2024

Background- The purpose of this simulation study was to evaluate effect of different restorative design on stress concentration endocrown of different restorative materials using a finite element analysis.
Methods: A 3D FEA model of mandibular molar was constructed using the average values and was used in this analysis. 2 materials were used which were lithium disilicate and zirconia and 2 different margin design of knife edge and shoulder margins were used in various combinations of material and margin design. A constant 12° of internal wall angulation was considered for all the 4 models and a uniform cement thicknes of 100µm was considered. A uniform 2mm of bulk fill composite was used as a base beneath the endocrowns. 300 N load was applied on the cusps for each model and linear static analysis was carried out
Results: Endocrowns of lithium disilicate was found to exert a greater stress concentration in comparison to zirconia endocrowns in both the margin designs of knife edge and shoulder. Knife edge margins were seen to yield greater stress concentration on the remaining tooth structure in comparison to shoulder margins in endocrowns of both the materials used.
Conclusion: There is a positive influence of margin design selection within the same material used for the fabrication of endocrown. However the values found in the study may not lead to clinical/ catastrophic failure of the endocrown restorations.
Profile of risk factors for injecting drug use among the sample at high risk of HIV/AIDS in Kigali, Rwanda
Authors: Habimana Samuel , Lister Zephon , Biracyaza Emmanuel , Kagaba Aprodis , Ndagijimana Albert , Jansen Stefan , Rutembesa Eugene , Montgomery Susanne
Published: October 2024

Background
The increasing prevalence of injection drug use (IDU) among populations at high risk for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has become a critical public health concern, particularly in Africa. This issue significantly exacerbates health-related effects among those at high risk of HIV/AIDS. Hence, our study aimed to scrutinize the associations between sociodemographic characteristics, alcohol and substance dependence, depression, and psychosocial behaviors among intravenous drug users within this high-risk HIV population.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study design with 480 respondents self-identifying as being at high risk of HIV/AIDS [males having sex with males (MSM), female sex workers (FSW), and injecting drug users (IDU)] living in Kigali, Rwanda, via snowball sampling. Chi-square bivariate analysis was used to explore factors associated with IDUs. Significant variables from these bivariable analyses were included in multivariate logistic regression models, in which odds ratios were used to determine the risk factors linked to IDU. Our study adhered to a 95% confidence interval and a 5% significance level to validate the statistical associations.
Results
Over 86.25% of the 480 respondents reported symptoms of depression, and 31.5% of the respondents identified as injection drug users (IDUs). Notably, 78% were male and fell within the age range of 18 to 45. The use of alcohol (wine, hard alcohol, or liquor), smoking cigarettes, marijuana, or heroin was significantly associated with IDU. Multiple regression analysis revealed that those with alcohol dependence [aOR = 3.547; 95% CI (1.59–10.857)] and marijuana use [aOR = 3.261; 95% CI (1.380–7.708)] were more likely to be IDUs than other risk group members (MSMs, FSWs). Furthermore, individuals with symptoms of depression [(aOR = 4.50; 95% CI (2.55–7.96), p = 0.018)] were more likely to be IDUs than their counterparts were.
Conclusion
The results of the present study indicated that substance and alcohol abuse behaviors, as well as mental health issues such as depression symptoms, were significantly associated with injecting drug use. The findings support the promotion of harm reduction prevention strategies that utilize mental health programs for this population at high risk for HIV.
Explore the protein targets of Cinnamomum zeylanicum’s phytoconstituents against pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus: GC-MS profiling, molecular docking, pharmacophore, and pathway reconstruction
Authors: Prabha Sarit , Warkare Sudeesh , Ranga Akash , Pandey Khushhali M.
Published: October 2024

Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of severe infections, including sepsis, due to its diverse virulence factors. Alternative treatments are essential because of the side effects and resistance linked to conventional therapies. Medicinal plants like Cinnamomum zeylanicum, rich in secondary metabolites, are potential alternatives. This study explores the antimicrobial potential and target protein interaction pathway of C. zeylanicum bark against pathogenic S. aureus. Methanolic extraction of the C. zeylanicum bark was followed by qualitative and quantitative screening and GC-MS analysis to detect phytoconstituents. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were evaluated against pathogenic S. aureus; additionally, virulence was assessed by PCR of plc, icaA, and nuc genes. In silico analysis included molecular docking, pharmacophore, and ADMET analysis of the identified compounds against seven S. aureus target proteins. PCA of docking was conducted and generated a tetrapartite network and target protein interaction pathway using a string and KEGG database. The methanolic crude extract, containing 19 phytoconstituents, showed a significant MIC and MBC value as 5mg/mL. In silico analysis revealed that phytoconstituents alfa-copaene, alpha-muurolene, and tau-cadinol are potential inhibitors, displaying favourable binding interactions with proteins D-alanine-D-alanine ligase, dihydrofolate reductase, peptide deformylase, and penicillin-binding protein 2. Protein network and pathway analysis suggest that inhibiting the target proteins can disrupt processes like cell wall formation, DNA replication, and protein synthesis. C. zeylanicum contains phenol and flavonoid-derived phytoconstituents with the potential to inhibit pathogenic S. aureus. Further studies are needed to fully evaluate its therapeutic potential for infection treatment.
Breast Cancer Knowledge, Practice of BSE, and Prevention Behaviors of Student Nurses in Saudi Arabia: A Structural Equation Modeling on a Nationwide Scale
Authors: Sacgaca Lailani Pilacan , Mutairi Amal Khalaf Al , AlAmoudi Fatmah Ahmed , Abdalla Adil , Shahin Mahmoud abdel Hameed , Jehani Maram Omer Al , Mosto Romeo Jr , Alharbi Laila Lafi , Aldibas Abdulrahman Ibrahim , Alharbi Nawal Abdullah , Assiri Wejdan , Almoqad Amirah Abdulaziz
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Breast cancer remains a significant global health burden, affecting millions of individuals worldwide. Despite advancements in treatment, early detection and prevention remain crucial for improving outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the mediating role of knowledge on the relationship between preventive behaviors and the practice of breast self-examination (BSE) among student nurses in Saudi Arabia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 700 female nursing students in Saudi Arabia. Data were collected using a validated questionnaire through a Google Form. Data collection was conducted between January and February 2024.
Results: The nursing students in Saudi Arabia exhibited moderate to high levels of knowledge (average score: 12.42), practice (average score: 12.30), and prevention behaviors (average score: 122.35) related to breast cancer. Significant positive correlations were observed between knowledge and practice (r=0.591, p<0.001), knowledge and prevention behaviors (r=0.764, p<0.001), and practice and prevention behaviors (r=0.460, p<0.001). Moreover, structural equation modeling confirmed the mediating role of knowledge in the relationship between preventive behaviors and breast self-examination practice (β=0.340, p<0.001).
Conclusion: Knowledge is helpful in influencing practice as well as preventive behaviors, thereby having an impact on the health positively. This undertaking highlights the effect of knowledge as an important mediator of the practice of breast self-examination and preventive behaviors which calls for the need to improve knowledge through educational intervention. Nursing students stand to gain from enhanced knowledge and practice of regular self-examination as well as educating the masses on the prevention of breast cancer.
Environmental Impacts of Illegal Fishing and Enforcement Responses in Taiwan
Authors: Chen Wei-Chung , Lin Jia-Bin , Hu Cheng-Yu , Shih Yi-Che
Published: October 2024

Illegal, Unreported, and Unregulated (IUU) fishing poses significant threats to marine ecosystems and sustainable fisheries management worldwide. As one of the world's leading fishing nations, Taiwan faces challenges addressing IUU fishing and its environmental impacts. Especially after the EU's yellow card warning was lifted. This research aims to examine the environmental impacts of IUU fishing in Taiwan, explore enforcement challenges and policy responses, and propose future directions for addressing this issue. A systematic review of literature from academic journals, government reports, and international organizations was conducted to analyze the environmental repercussions of IUU fishing in Taiwan, enforcement challenges, and circular economy initiatives. The study reveals that IUU fishing in Taiwan leads to biodiversity loss, ecosystem degradation, and economic harm. Enforcement challenges include monitoring vast territorial waters and addressing labor abuses. Circular economy efforts, such as gear marking and buy-back programs, show promise in mitigating environmental impacts. This research concluded that effective enforcement, international collaboration, and promoting circular economy initiatives are essential for addressing IUU fishing's environmental impacts in Taiwan. Future efforts should focus on enhancing enforcement mechanisms, integrating environmental protection with labor rights, and advocating global marine conservation.
Kinetic modeling of proteolysis, tenderness, and microbial growth during beef accelerated aging by the freeze/thaw process
Authors: Ramos Johnathan de Lima , Paula Marielle Maria de Oliveira , Tanaka Marcelo Stefanini , Filho Robledo de Almeida Torres , Ramos Alcinéia de Lemos Souza , Ramos Eduardo Mendes
Published: October 2024

Aging has been the main practice used by the industry to improve beef palatability, but requiring up to 21 d of cooler storage to reach the desired tenderness. As an alternative to accelerate the aging process, both the use of the prior freeze/thaw process and high storage temperatures have been suggested. The present study aimed to develop kinetic models to evaluate the effects of freezing/thawing process and different aging temperatures (1, 7, 14 and 20°C) on vacuum-packed Nellore beef steaks. Changes on fragmentation index (FI), shear force (SF), cooking loss (CL) and total bacteria count (TBC) of raw beef during aging followed a first-order kinetic model; The reaction rate constant (k) increases with increasing aging temperature, and the activation energy (Ea) was lower in frozen/thawed samples than nonfrozen ones for FI and SF. The increase in aging temperature had a lower effect on the FI and SF of frozen/thawed samples than on the nonfrozen ones. Forzen/thawed samples required a shorter aging time than nonfrozen samples to reach the same SF. CL was affected only by aging temperature. The specific growth rate (µ) of TBC increases with increasing aging temperature, but the Ea was not affected by the freezing/thawing process. The developed kinetic models provide a deeper understanding of the mechanism of the quality changes of frozen/thawed beef during aging.
Multi-party verifiable blind quantum computation protocol with mutual authentication
Authors: Wen Jing , Wu Guang-Yang , Bai Ming-Qiang
Published: October 2024

Most existing blind quantum computation protocols involve a client and a server or multiple servers. The case of multiple clients needs to be explored as well, but it becomes less secure as more people are involved. Authentication helps to solve the problem by enabling clients and servers to verify each other’s identity. In this paper, a multi-party verifiable blind quantum computation protocol with mutual authenti-cation is proposed which consists of three phases. Firstly, we improve the method for generating keys. Based on this, a deterministic method is proposed to generate authentication keys. Then, the client and the server perform mutual authentication. Finally, the only requirement for the client is to perform the gate S to accomplish the quantum computing task. The proposed protocol can resist both insider and outsider attacks, ensuring the legitimacy of clients and servers in a quantum network. The protocol further also limits the client’s quantum power and allows the client to verify the accuracy of the calculation results.
Cost of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Hospitalisation in Brazilian Infants: A Micro-costing Study from the Perspective of a Brazilian Tertiary Public Hospital, 2020-2023
Authors: Santos Nancy Oliveira dos , Silva Solange Batista da , Kiriyama Edgard Joseph , Nunes Caroline Pimenta , Hiar Luís Felipe Batista , de Meireles Leonardo Henrique Fiuza , Pereira Francisco Neves , de Sousa Ancelmo Honorato Ferraz , Bass Lital Moro , D’Ornelas Adriana Cristina , Pitoli Carla Souza Behr , Alexandre Rodrigo Fernandes , Almeida Paulo Henrique Ribeiro Fernandes , Flora Ana Paula , Pachito Daniela Vianna , Vernal Sebastian
Published: October 2024

Background. Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is the leading cause of hospitalisation for respiratory diseases among young children. Costing studies are essential for planning prevention strategies. Additional costing studies in middle-income countries (MIC) are still needed to understand the impact of hospitalisations given the high economic burden of RSV in these countries. We aimed to identify and quantify the resources required and associated costs of paediatric RSV hospitalisations at a tertiary hospital in a MIC.
Methods. A retrospective micro-costing study of RSV-related hospitalisations among children under the age of one year, from January 2020 to November 2023, was conducted at a tertiary public hospital in Brazil. Only cases of RSV isolated on molecular respiratory panel tests were eligible for inclusion. The study used direct and indirect expenses to calculate the average cost (AC) per hospitalisation, AC per hospital day, and the total financial impact of RSV-related hospitalisations using the absorption model. The analysis was clustered by age group and the necessity of intensive care admission. Financial data is presented in Brazilian reais(BRL) and United States dollars using purchasing power parity (USD-PPP).
Results. After excluding 1,354 positive tests (i.e., individuals aged one year or older), we included 231 hospital admissions. Of these, 83.1% required intensive care support. The AC per hospitalisation was BRL$29,285.47 (USD-PPP$12,051.63), with an average length of stay of 8.51 days, equivalent to BRL$3,801.00 (USD-PPP$1,564.19) AC cost per day. A total of 1,965 hospital days were counted, resulting in the financial impact at BRL$6.76 million (USD-PPP$2.78 million) due to RSV-related hospitalisations of infants in the study period. Hospitalisation episodes with intensive care unit admission were significantly more expensive, with the higher costs concentrated in the younger group (<2 months old).
Conclusions. RSV-related hospitalisations impose a significant economic burden on this Brazilian tertiary public hospital, mainly related to bed cost per day and intensive care needs in young infants. These findings highlight the need for cost-effective RSV management and prevention strategies in Brazil.
Effects of an exercise intervention (Tai Chi) on diabetic peripheral neuropathy in a mHealth model
Authors: Fang Jing-Xian , Chen Xi-Shuang , Han Yue-Xia , Han Yu , Huang Fang , Zou Hui-Ming , Gu Qing , Hu Xue , Ma Qian-Wen , Liu Hui-Zhen , Meng Jian , Wang Sui-Jun
Published: October 2024

Background: E-health interventions can promote physical activity among adults in the short term, but there is still a lack of evidence on long-term effects.We conducted a randomized controlled trial to assess the effectiveness as well as the sustainability of the intervention. Our primary aim of this exercise intervention was to improve overall health-related quality of life （HRQoL）, and our secondary aims were to improve nerve conduction indices and glycemia.
Material & methods: The study design was a parallel randomized controlled trial. The participants were randomly paired and assigned to control and intervention groups (each consisting of 50 members).
Patients assigned to the intervention group received online instruction in Tai Chi exercises three times a week for three months under the guidance of a physical therapist. The intervention group was asked to use the Tencent conference application, which provided online video instruction on Tai Chi exercises. Participants in the control group received a written Tai Chi exercise program and recommendations on a sheet of paper. The primary outcome was a Change in HRQoL in the intervention group over 6 months as measured by the PCS index score. Secondary outcomes included changes in SF-36v2, NRS, PSQI, motor nerve conduction index, blood glucose, and biochemical indices.
Results: When comparing the primary outcomes at 6 months, we found that there was a significant difference in PCS scores (mean difference 4.33 [95% CI 2.03,5.87]; p = 0.01).
Conclusion: Web-based exercise therapy for patients may help improve exercise therapy's effectiveness in treating DPN. In this exploratory study, the exercise group consistently trended better than the conventional group for most endpoints.
Gut microbiota, circulating inflammatory proteins, and cirrhosis: a multivariable Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Liu Qifan , Lv Hao , Yang Han , Guo Yuxin , Dong Sifan , An Shiqi , Wang Chufeng , Jiang An
Published: October 2024

Background
The liver-gut axis is the focal point of cirrhosis research, suggesting a close association between the gut microbiota (GM) and cirrhosis. Previous studies have shown a significant correlation between cirrhosis and changes in gut microbial composition. There was a significant correlation between the severity of cirrhosis compared to healthy individuals, the displacement of specific GM, and the number of invading microorganisms. However, the causal relationship between GM and cirrhosis and whether inflammatory proteins play a mediating role remain unclear. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the specificity of specific GMs associated with cirrhosis and their underlying inflammatory mechanisms for subsequent risk prediction, treatment, and prognosis of patients with cirrhosis.
Methods
We identified genetic variants closely associated with GM, circulating inflammatory proteins, and cirrhosis from large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) summary data and explored the causal relationship between the three and whether circulating inflammatory proteins mediate the GM-to-cirrhosis pathway using multivariate Mendelian randomization. This study used the inverse variance weighting (IVW) method and MR-Egger as the primary methods, supplemented by the weighted median estimator (WME), the Weighted model, and the Simple model.
Results
There were four positive and three negative results between GM and cirrhosis and five positive and five negative results between circulating inflammatory proteins and cirrhosis. In addition, Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 12 (TNFSF12) may mediate the Genus Ruminococcus torques-cirrhosis pathway.
Prevalence of Malaria and Associated Factors among Febrile Children Under 15 Years at Bududa General Hospital, Eastern Uganda
Authors: Okongo Benson , Asiimwe Daisy , Olong Clinton , Muwanguzi Enoch , Wagubi Robert
Published: October 2024

Background
A considerable number of malaria-related deaths occur in Africa, with Uganda being one of the endemic nations where malaria continues to pose a public health challenge. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of malaria and its associated factors among febrile children under 15 years of age at Bududa General Hospital, Eastern Uganda.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted between April and June 2023. Informed consent was obtained from parents/guardians before 250 febrile children below 15 years were enrolled in this study. A structured questionnaire was administered to parents/guardians to collect sociodemographic characteristics and identify factors associated with malaria. Venous blood samples were collected from the children and screened for the presence of malaria parasitaemia using via blood smear microscopy. The data collected were entered into an Excel spreadsheet and analysed using STATA version 14. Logistic regression models were developed to determine the factors associated with malaria, and we considered ≤ 0.05 as the level of significance.
Results
Out of the 250 study participants, the overall prevalence of malaria was 111(44.4%). Among the children who tested positive for malaria, 98 (88.3%) had Plasmodium falciparum, 11 (9.9%) had Plasmodium malariae, and (1.8%) had Plasmodium ovale infection. The mean parasite count was 21,951 parasites/µL of blood. The prevalence rates of mild, moderate, and severe malaria parasitaemia were 46.8%, 28.0%, and 25.2%, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, the factors associated with malaria infections were older age; 1 to 5 years (p = 0.013), 6 to 10 years (p = 0.000), 11 to 15 years (p = 0.000), secondary education level of parent/guardian (p = 0.050), and no use of insecticide-treated bed nets (p = 0.002).
Conclusion
The prevalence of malaria among febrile children in this study was high, with nearly half of the participants showing severe infections. Health education on the correct use of insecticide-treated mosquito nets should be prioritized to help control malaria.
Analysing Changes in Rainfall Dynamics: Onset and Precipitation Probability in Tanzania
Authors: Magang Dawido , Lou Yunsheng
Published: October 2024

This study investigates the changes in rainfall dynamics in Tanzania, focusing specifically on the onset and precipitation probability of rainy seasons. The research stems from growing concerns about climate variability in East Africa, which has significant implications for agriculture, water resources, and food security. Despite Tanzania's heavy reliance on rain-fed agriculture, there is a lack of understanding regarding how rainfall patterns are shifting, impacting both local farmers and national policies. Utilizing time series analysis and the Instat Climatic tool for the assessment of rainfall onset dates, Mann-Kendall (MK) test, Sen’s slope estimator (Q2) for onset dates trend analysis and Markov chain model for precipitation probability, we analysed historical rainfall data from 27 weather stations (regions) across Tanzania. Our findings indicate a noticeable shift in the onset of the rainy seasons, with variability in the trends of rainfall onset across different regions. Furthermore, a consistent pattern wherein southern and central regions tend to witness prolonged waiting times for the start of the rainy season and increase in the probability of rain following a rainy day (rr), while the probability following a dry day (rd) remains relatively stable. These results highlight critical adaptations necessary for agriculture and water management strategies in Tanzania. Late rainfall onset could hinder crop growth, particularly for maize and other staple foods, leading to potential food shortages and economic instability if no adaptive measures are implemented. The findings underscore the need for interdisciplinary collaboration to develop robust frameworks that integrate climatic forecasts into agricultural planning. Understanding the shifting dynamics of rainfall is essential not only for Tanzania but also for other regions facing similar climate challenges, emphasizing the interconnectedness of climate change impacts on food systems and livelihoods around the world.
A Comparative Case Report: Supplementation of Emollients Alone Versus Emollients Combined with Warm Perineal Compression to Reduce the Risk of Perineal Tears in Primiparous Women
Authors: Yehia Hana , Hassan Ahmed , Ahmed Yahia , Sherif Mohamed , Osman Dina , Elgezeri Hagar A. , Rakha Abdelrhman , Khaled Ahmed
Published: October 2024

Background
Perineal tears affect, on average, 80% of women who undergo vaginal delivery, with primiparous women being more commonly affected than multiparous women. Third- and fourth-degree tears result in obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASISs), which constitute the largest obstetric risk factor for the development of anal incontinence. As a result, several interventions have been suggested to reduce the risk of perineal tears during labor.
Case Summary
This case report presents and compares two primigravid women who underwent different interventions during childbirth. One patient was treated solely with emollients, specifically glycerin, whereas the other received a combination of emollients and warm compresses. The primary aim was to evaluate the effect of each intervention on perineal integrity. The outcomes of perineal tears in both patients were assessed, along with the observed effects of the interventions.
This report discusses the potential benefits of combining warm compresses with emollients during the second stage of labor to reduce the risk of perineal trauma. These findings suggest that the addition of warm compresses to emollient applications may help improve perineal outcomes, providing a practical strategy for reducing perineal tears in vaginal deliveries.
Conclusion
The findings from this case report support the use of a combination of warm compresses and emollients during the second stage of labor as an effective strategy for reducing perineal trauma, and indicate that this combination is superior to the use of glycerine alone.
Prediction of Eigen-frequency Responses of FGM - Sandwich Structure by FEM
Authors: Namdeo Shivank , Satankar Rajesh Kumar
Published: October 2024

In the current study, first-order shear deformation theory is presented for the investigation of the sandwich structure with the FGM face sheet. The equivalent properties of the graded face of the structure are estimated via the rule of mixture technique. The eigen frequency equation obtained via variational method subsequent isoperimetric displacement with finite element technique. The convergence criteria and validation test of the adopted simulation method have been measured by solving the adequate number of numerical examples. The desired frequency responses are obtained under the influence of various structural parameters core to face thickness ratio, aspect ratio, side-thickness ratio, and end constraints condition.
A Systematic Review of the Long-Term Efficacy of Physical Activity Interventions in Reducing Risk Factors for Obesity in Adults
Authors: Ominyi Jude
Published: October 2024

Regular physical activity (PA) provides numerous health advantages, including lowering mortality rates and preventing obesity. Despite well-established guidelines advising 150–300 minutes of moderate-intensity or 75–150 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic PA weekly, sedentary lifestyles remain prevalent, especially in industrialised nations. This systematic review examines the long-term effectiveness (12–24 months) of PA interventions aimed at reducing obesity risk among adults, with a particular focus on identifying strategies that promote sustained adherence. A comprehensive literature search was performed using multiple databases, including Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase, focusing on studies published between January 2004 and January 2024. The inclusion criteria focused on randomised controlled trials and similar designs targeting healthy adults, with interventions promoting sustained PA. Primary outcomes assessed were long-term PA adherence, reductions in obesity rates, and improvements in physical and metabolic health. Twenty-one studies met the inclusion criteria, covering a range of intervention strategies. Most interventions featured structured PA programmes, often with personalised components and ongoing support. Several high-quality studies demonstrated long-term PA adherence, increased weekly energy expenditure, and improvements in fitness. However, adherence rates varied, with participants meeting recommended PA levels ranging from 4.6–81%. The meta-analysis showed a small to moderate positive effect of PA interventions on outcomes like PA levels and weight loss, with an effect size of 0.37 (CI: 0.25–0.50). The results highlight the need for tailored, culturally sensitive interventions, particularly for vulnerable populations. Long-term PA adherence is stronger in older adults than middle-aged ones, but the sustainability of these effects remains unclear, warranting further research
Bestäuber-Beobachtungen in Frankfurts Botanischen Gärten
Authors: Schmidt Marco , Steinecke Hilke
Published: October 2024

Botanische Gärten sind Hotspots der Insektenvielfalt. Welche Arten in Frankfurts Botanischen Gärten beobachtet werden können, zeigt ein Projekt auf der Citizien-Science-Plattform iNaturalist.
Bestäubung in Zahlen
Authors: Vesic Anne-Sophie
Published: October 2024

Wie viele heimische Pflanzenarten sind eigentlich auf tierische Bestäubung angewiesen? Wie viele tierische Bestäuber gibt es weltweit? Und wie viele Blüten kann ein Bienenvolk am Tag bestäuben? Ein Überblick
Wer summt im Garten der Zukunft?
Authors: Rösner Susanne
Published: October 2024

Nicht immer schauen wir angesichts von Klimakrise und Artensterben hoffnungsvoll in die Zukunft. Kunst und Literatur können helfen, unsere Wahrnehmung zu schärfen und optimistische Szenarien für die Welt von morgen zu entwickeln.
Fasziniert von der Natur
Authors: Vesic Anne-Sophie
Published: October 2024

Mit ihren Illustrationen begeistert die Künstlerin Laura Jil Fugger auch diejenigen, die Insekten, Spinnen und Co. sonst skeptisch gegenüberstehen.
Lebensraum für Wildbienen
Authors: Haselböck Andreas
Published: October 2024

Viele Menschen wollen Wildbienen helfen. Das ist wichtig und gut. Doch was hilft Wildbienen wirklich? Die in Baumärkten und Gartencentern, aber auch im Onlinehandel angebotenen Insekten- und Wildbienenhotels oftmals nicht.
Ein ganzjährig blühender Garten als Lebensraum
Authors: Nürnberger Sven
Published: October 2024

Wie lassen sich Gärten ganzjährig in Blüte halten? Diese Frage beschäftigt Gartenbesitzer:innen seit Langem. Die Gartenliteratur ist reich an Blühkalendern, Konzepten und Lösungen für die unterschiedlichsten Gartenmodelle. Dabei noch ökologisch wertvolle Pflanzen zu verwenden, die für die heimische Fauna attraktiv sind, ist ein ambitioniertes, aber ebenso faszinierendes und lösbares Ziel.
The Impact of Youth Leadership Program on Perceived Employability Skills: Evidence from Brunei Darussalam
Authors: Adilah Hisa  , Fadzliwati Mohiddin  , Heru Susanto
Published: October 2024

Youth leadership programs foster skills development in youth which are pivotal for gaining successful careers and being more employable throughout their career. Given the concerning youth unemployment issues in Brunei, the study aims to highlight the importance of youth leadership programs and examine their influence on perceived employability skills. By utilising structural equation modelling to analyse the survey data gathered from 229 samples of participants from youth leadership programs, it was revealed that the impact of learning involving skills-based and attitudinal outcomes has significant positive relationships with perceived employability skills. The results further confirmed the role of behavioural outcomes as a mediating variable in the relationship between learning and perceived employability skills. Findings from this study can be valuable for program designers, practitioners, and stakeholders in contributing to the process of structuring and making ongoing improvements to these programs to align with the essential employability skills. It also offers youth the foundation to be employable in the 21st-century job market, by highlighting the importance of youth leadership programs as a channel through which youth acquire desirable capabilities necessary for attaining a set of attributes that reflect the employability skills sought by employees in the current competitive job market. Therefore, the study can be a starting point in moving forward to mitigate the unemployment issues in Brunei through improving programs to meet the demand of employers concerning employability skills. The study provides notable contributions to the existing body of literature on youth leadership development in Brunei as well as contributing to a few other studies in the Asian region to demonstrate the impact of youth leadership programs on employability skills perceptions.
Strategic Imperatives of Muslim Leadership in Post-War Sri Lanka: Citizenship, Rights and Reconciliation
Authors: Mohamed Zacky Mohamed Fouz  , M. Moniruzzaman  , Mohamed Ashath
Published: October 2024

This study examines how a few selected mainstream Sri Lankan Muslim civil organisations have been responding to the Sinhala Buddhist ideological paradigm in post-war Sri Lanka. The ideology perceives that Sinhala Buddhists are true citizens of Sri Lanka while minorities are “others” or “guests”. Hence, the ideology plays a structural role in generating anti-Muslim sentiments in post-war Sri Lanka. Contrary to prevailing wisdom which argues that minorities attempt to deconstruct the majoritarian ideological foundation in their struggle for equality, dominant and mainstream Muslim civil society organisations in Sri Lanka have chosen to reconcile with it while resisting only its practical implications upon the community. Even though this strategy brings self-contradictory elements into play on theoretical grounds, Muslim civil society organisations think that it is a practically reasonable strategy given the developing socio-political context of the state. Based on primary and secondary data and the thematic qualitative analysis, this study builds an argument by analysing discourses of the selected mainstream Muslim organisations that minorities pick strategies for their struggle against majoritarian state and ideology taking their political and other demographical realities into account. Hence, their choices are not static but rather dynamic.
Leadership styles and job insecurity in Indonesian start-ups: The role of challenges and engagement
Authors: Yolanda Abiqail , Purnama Ady , Harlianto Jefta , Maharani Anita
Published: October 2024

Even though Indonesia’s start-up scene is experiencing rapid growth, the industry is grappling with considerable hurdles, such as a high rate of business closures, strong dependence on employee efficiency, and heavy reliance on technology. This paper examines the correlation between leadership styles, job challenges, job engagement, and job insecurity in Indonesian start-ups, which face unique challenges affecting employee job security. Unlike most research on how job insecurity impacts job engagement, this study explores whether higher job engagement impacts job insecurity, providing practical insights for leaders. The study was structured using a quantitative approach known as structural equation modeling-partial least squares (SEM-PLS), which analyzed 198 responses from Indonesian start-up employees. This study found that leadership styles significantly affect job insecurity (β = 1.337, p-value < 0.05), however, leadership styles do not substantially affect job engagement (β = 0,435, p-value > 0.05). Another finding states that job challenges do not significantly affect job engagement (β = 0.491, p-value > 0.05) and job insecurity (β = –0.037, p-value > 0.05). Job engagement significantly influences job insecurity (β = –0.428, p-value < 0.05). This study specifically targets employees in Indonesian start-ups to uncover mechanisms and offer practical recommendations for enhancing job security and motivation. The findings underscore the significant impact of leadership style on job insecurity, emphasizing the importance of engaging and motivating employees through personalized leadership style approaches to enhance job stability and overall workforce effectiveness in Indonesian start-ups.
A atuação da psicologia na Secretaria de Educação do Estado do Ceará: Desenvolvimento emocional docente em questão
Authors: De Oliveira Artur Bruno Fonseca , Lima Ana Ignêz Belém
Published: October 2024

A docência tem sido uma experiência marcada por sofrimento e adoecimento. Tais processos estão em íntima relação com as emoções, de forma que o desenvolvimento emocional se constitui num fator protetor da saúde mental. A Psicologia pode articular práticas com o objetivo de desenvolvimento emocional dos professores quando está atenta às múltiplas determinações que suscitam as mais diversas emoções. Objetiva-se analisar o trabalho das psicólogas escolares e educacionais da SEDUC-CE acerca da sua atuação junto aos professores do Ensino Médio no que tange ao desenvolvimento emocional desses profissionais. O trabalho das psicólogas se caracteriza pela contradição entre práticas reprodutoras, que não contribuem para o desenvolvimento emocional de professores, e práticas transformadoras, que contribuem para isso.
Upaya Guru Dalam Menangani Perilaku Anti Sosial Pada Anak Usia Dini
Authors: Rahmah Miftah Fadhilah , Mashudi Esya Anesty
Published: October 2024

Penelitian ini menelusuri upaya para guru dalam menangani perilaku anti sosial pada anak usia dini. Dengan tujuan mendalaminya, penelitian menggunakan metode observasi, wawancara, dan analisis data untuk memahami pendekatan yang diambil guru dalam mengatasi masalah ini. Fokusnya adalah untuk mengidentifikasi pemicu perilaku anti sosial serta mengevaluasi keberhasilan langkah-langkah korektif yang diterapkan oleh para pendidik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya beragam strategi yang digunakan, mulai dari penerapan kebijakan disiplin positif, intervensi sosial-emosional, hingga kolaborasi yang erat dengan orang tua. Temuan menyoroti pentingnya komunikasi yang ditingkatkan antara guru, orang tua, dan anak dalam menangani perilaku anti sosial. Penelitian ini memberikan pandangan mendalam bagi praktisi pendidikan serta pengambil keputusan dalam merancang lingkungan belajar yang lebih baik bagi anak usia dini. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini tidak hanya memberikan informasi penting tentang strategi penanganan, tetapi juga memberikan fondasi untuk langkah-langkah pencegahan yang lebih efektif serta perkembangan sosial yang positif pada tahap awal perkembangan anak.
Methods of academic theology: Pro et contra of Paul Tillich
Authors:   Saints Cyril and Methodius Institute for Postgraduate Studies, Vasiliev Priest Aleksey
Published: October 2024

The article focuses on special aspects of theology methodology. The academic specificity of the subject of theology, in addition to developing its own methods, involves turning to methods of the humanities and natural sciences, which have already received scientific recognition. A specific “meeting place” of theology and humanism in the middle of the twentieth century is the academic paradigm of cultural theology, interpreting the reality of culture through theology. A unified understanding of the essence of culture provides the scientific principle of the universality of scientific knowledge in theology. The foreign experience of cultural theology includes several authorial methods of cultural theology. The paper examines Paul Tillich’s correlation method, presented by him in three volumes of “Systematic theology” (1951–1963). Two tenets of the Tillich culture theology system are analyzed: ontology and culture. The correlation method allows you to agree on the content of the theology of culture in relation to the coexistence of two facts of being: divine (non-divine) and human (created). The potential of the correlation method allows us to compare the theological and humanitarian series of concepts in a broad research paradigm without distorting Orthodox dogmatics based on the doctrine of hypostasis. Following the dogmas of the Church during the implementation of the correlation method is ensured by the observance of the antinomian theological judgments based on the dogmas of Ecumenical Councils.
“A Charity institution with the spirit of Christianity and Royal Mercies”: Guardianship’s activities towards poor pupils of the Vologda Theological Seminary
Authors:   Vologda Theological Seminary, (Shirokov) Hegumen Ferapont ,   Saints Cyril and Methodius Institute for Postgraduate Studies
Published: October 2024

Nowadays, the attention of researchers is being increasingly attracted by the activities of various charity organizations. Along with sufficient study of this issue, it should be noted that the activities of the regional church charity communities often go out of the field of historians’ consideration. This article is devoted to the analysis of the organization and the activity of the main structural element in the system of social assistance to the students of theological schools in the pre-revolutionary period — the Guardianship of poor pupils, which operated at the Vologda Theological Seminary from 1877 to 1918. The purpose of this authority was to provide material support to the needy students of the seminary. The materials from the Russian State Archive, the Department of Manuscripts of the Russian National Library, the State Archive of the Vologda Region, as well as the funds of the regional periodical press were used as the sources for this study. Most part of the presented material has been introduced into the scientific circulation for the first time. The purpose of the study is to highlight the activities of both the Guardianship itself and some outstanding persons, who made special contribution to the development of theological education in the Vologda Diocese through their participation in the work of the Guardianship. According to the results of the study, it was possible to establish that the Guardianship of poor pupils of the Vologda Seminary played an important, and in some cases even a key role in the material provision of seminary students and contributed to the significant development of the theological school.
Wildfire CNN: An Enhanced Wildfire Detection Model Leveraging CNN and VIIRS in Indian Context
Authors: Manoranjitham R , Punitha S , Ravi Vinayakumar , Stephan Thompson , Ravi Pradeep , Singh Prabhishek , Diwakar Manoj
Published: October 2024

Introduction

Wildfires are an unexpected global hazard that significantly impact environmental change. An accurate and affordable method of identifying and monitoring on wildfire areas is to use coarse spatial resolution sensors, such as the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). Compared to MODIS, wildfire observations from VIIRS sensor data are around three times as extensive.

Objective

The traditional contextual wildfire detection method using VIIRS data mainly depends on the threshold value for classifying the fire or no fire which provides less performance for detecting wildfire areas and also fails in detecting small fires. In this paper, a wildfire detection method using Wildfiredetect Convolution Neural Network model is proposed for an effective wildfire detection and monitoring system using VIIRS data.

Methods

The proposed method uses the Convolutional Neural Network model and the study area dataset containing fire and non-fire spots is tested. The performance metrics such as recall rate, precision rate, omission error, commission error, F-measure and accuracy rate are considered for the model evaluation.

Results

The experimental analysis of the study area shows a 99.69% recall rate, 99.79% precision rate, 0.3% omission error, 0.2% commission error, 99.73% F-measure and 99.7% accuracy values for training data. The proposed method also proves to detect small fires in Alaska forest dataset for the testing data with 100% recall rate, 99.2% precision rate, 0% omission error, 0.7% commission error, 99.69% F-measure and 99.3% accuracy values. The proposed model achieves a 26.17% higher accuracy rate than the improved contextual algorithm.

Conclusion

The experimental findings demonstrate that the proposed model identifies small fires and works well with VIIRS data for wildfire detection and monitoring systems.
PENGARUH KOMPONEN INDEKS PEMBANGUNAN MANUSIA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DAN TINGKAT KEMISKINAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Nurcholifah Irvian , Ashar Khusnul
Published: October 2024

Indonesia is a developing country that continues to strive for improved development, measured through economic growth. However, challenges remain, such as high poverty rates, income inequality, and the worsening impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Human development in health, education, and living standards is considered crucial for promoting sustainable economic growth. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the influence of Human Development Index components on economic growth and poverty in Indonesia during the 2018-2022 period, using data obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) and applying path analysis methods. The study's results show that health and per capita expenditure have a positive and significant impact on economic growth, while education and the COVID-19 pandemic do not have a significant effect. Additionally, economic growth and education do not affect poverty; however, health and per capita expenditure have a positive and significant influence on poverty, and the COVID-19 pandemic has a negative and significant impact on poverty. Furthermore, education, health, per capita expenditure, and the COVID-19 pandemic do not significantly affect poverty through economic growth.
DETERMINAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI KABUPATEN/KOTA DI JAWA TIMUR TAHUN 2019-2021
Authors: Fajrul Ihsan  , Marlina Ekawaty
Published: October 2024

Economic growth is an illustration of economic development in an area, therefore the government always strives to ensure that economic growth continues to increase from year to year which will in turn improve people's welfare. This research aims to determine the influence of labor (X1), human development index (X2), government expenditure (X3), exports (X4) and the Covid-19 pandemic (DV) on economic growth (Y) in 38 districts and cities in Java East in 2019-2021. This research uses quantitative methods. Data processing uses the Eviews 10 application (2023). The results of this research can be concluded that labor (X1) has a positive and significant effect on economic growth (Y), the human development index (X2) has a positive and significant effect on economic growth (Y), government spending (X3) has no significant effect on economic growth (Y), exports (X4) has a positive and significant effect on economic growth (Y) and the covid-19 pandemic (DV) has a negative and significant effect on economic growth (Y).