bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ASALIBU ISTIDLAL AN NUHAT FI KITAB SYARAH ALFIYAH IBNU ‘AQIL
Authors: Rauf Abdullah Zainur , Qomari Nur
Published: January 2022

Nahwu is the key to understanding Arabic texts. Nahwu is growing rapidly so that many nahwu experts write about nahwu theories. And among the experts, there are different views related to the rules of nahwu. This research aims to know the methods of thinking of grammarians in the book Sharh Alfiyah Ibnu ‘Aqil. This research uses the qualitative approach to find out the differences between grammarians in controlling grammatical rulings. This research reveals five chapters in which scholars differ, including 1) presenting the subject over the subjunctive 2) abstracting the verb from a sign indicating the duality or plural 3) proving the t in the verb and its subject is an authentic feminine and with the separation of only 4) presenting the object on the subject 5) the return of the pronoun from The advanced subject is the delayed subject.
THE FUNCTIONS OF HUMOROUS DISCOURSE IN MIND YOUR LANGUAGE
Authors: Romadlani Muhammad Masqotul Imam , Wijana I Dewa Putu
Published: January 2022

The primary purpose of this study is to reveal the function of humorous discourse identified in the Mind Your Language situation comedy series. The researcher adopted a descriptive qualitative approach to complete this humor research. The data were obtained from the script of that sitcom. The function of humorous discourse found in that sitcom was then classified based on Hay's framework, which divides the function of humor into three main functions: the function of solidarity, the function of power, and the function of psychology. The findings demonstrate that teasing and satire humor in Mind Your Language sitcom are utilized to express solidarity. Meanwhile, humorous discourses that trigger conflict, harm, threaten others or show disagreement are created to express the function of power. Furthermore, humorous discourse to gain an advantage, protect oneself, entertain, or boast is used to express the function of psychology. The context of the conversation given is highly significant in identifying the function of humor. The same humorous discourse provided in different contexts potentially implicates different functions of humor which indicates that determining the function of humor is heavily grounded by the context.
SUFISTIC LANGUAGE STYLE IN AL-QUSHAYRI’S NAHW AL-QULUB
Authors: Huda Rizki Fathul , Buana Cahya
Published: January 2022

This study aims to reveal the forms of language style used in "Nahw al-Qulub al-Kabir," the work of al-Qushayri with aesthetic values. It also intends to reveal the meaning effects implied in the language forms. This study uses a stylistic approach in analyzing text's language style, especially at the construction of the morphological level, syntax, and imagery. This research shows that the language style constructs the morphological level through word selection, word forms, and movement from one-word form to another. At the syntactic level, there are unusual sentence patterns and high intensity of using ma mausul as khobar. At the imagery level, al-Qushyari uses many patterns of isti'arah, tashbih, kinayah, saja', iqtibas, and tauriyyah. The extraction of meaning effect also carries a solid sufistic teachings dimension, including takhalli, tahalli, tajalli, ma’rifat, maqam jama’ and farq, and the teachings of Akhlaqi Sufism.
MORPHOLOGICAL ASPECT IN TRANSLATING THERMODYNAMIC TERMINOLOGY
Authors: Farahsani Yashinta , Harmanto Margaretha Dharmayanti
Published: January 2022

Several studies on translation have been carried out, namely on the problem of untranslation, translation of terms from various fields, and the formation of target language terms with spelling adjustments. One of them is the field of thermodynamics which is part of the field of Mechanical Engineering, which has many terms borrowed from Dutch and English. Therefore, the researchers are interested in investigating the morphological aspects of the translation of thermodynamic terms using the natural borrowing technique. This study used qualitative research methods. Researchers took terminology data from two books, namely The Fundamental of Engineering Thermodynamics and Fluid Mechanics. The results showed that the forms of borrowing that occurred were (1) borrowing by adjusting spelling and pronunciation adjustments; (2) borrowing with spelling adjustment without pronunciation adjustment; (3) borrowing without spelling adjustment, but with pronunciation adjustment; (4) adjustments to the spelling of prefixes and bound forms found 15 forms of adjustment; (5) suffix spelling adjustments found 20 forms of adjustment; and (6) a combination of translation and borrowing. In short, morphological aspects in translating thermodynamics terms are very important because they relate to the technique used.
Comparison of the reproducibility of two cervical vertebrae maturation methods
Authors: Duque Paulo Henrique da Rocha , Santiago Rodrigo César , Santos Rogério Lacerda dos , Faria Fernanda Ramos de , Werneck Carolina de Sá , Vitral Robert Willer Farinazzo , Campos Marcio José da Silva
Published: January 2022

Aim: Facial orthopaedic treatments based on the stimulation or restrictions of craniofacial bone growth are more effective when carried out during the pubertal growth spurt. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the reproducibility of two cervical vertebrae methods (CVM) with manual tracing and direct visual inspection. Methods: A sample of 60 lateral cephalometric radiographs (10 of each of the 6 CVM stages) was randomly selected from 171 records. 5 orthodontists classified these radiographs according to the skeletal maturation stage in 2002 and 2005, and the application of both methods was conducted by direct visual inspection and evaluation through manual tracing. Results: The average reliability of the two methods determination and the two forms of evaluation was substantial. The direct visual inspection evaluation showed the highest reliability and agreement interexaminer values for both methods, as well as the intraexaminers evaluation. Conclusion: The reproducibility of CVM method was substantial, indicating its clinical use to determine the skeletal maturity and the ideal moment for treatment execution.
Faculdade de educação da USP
Authors: Souza Maria Cecilia Cortez Christiano de
Published: January 2022

Este artigo procura contemplar a criação da Faculdade de Educação da USP em 1970, tendo como fio narrativo material memorialístico produzido pela autora.  A partir daí, objetiva contextualizar a emancipação da Faculdade de Educação da matriz original, a Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras da USP. Tendo como pano de fundo o processo político vivido pela Universidade nos anos que antecederam e se seguiram à Reforma Universitária de 1968, discute as repercussões no plano interno da do Departamento de Educação e da Faculdade de Educação, relacionadas à devolução do Colégio de Aplicação à rede pública, bem como ao esvaziamento do Centro Regional de Pesquisas Educacionais de São Paulo a partir de 1970.
Business Design for Making Organic Native Chicken Feed from Fermentation and Its Implementation in Biology Learning
Authors: Yanti Amalia Firdaus , Halimah Farah , Mu’afa Muhammad Naufal , Puspitasari Cindy , Anshori Ahmad Musthofa , Sajidan Sajidan
Published: January 2022

Learning in the 21st century demands the increasing of students' creativity in solving problems in the environment. Creating products of economic value by applying the socio-scientific issue (SSI) learning approach can be applied in learning about biotechnology at the high school level. This study aimed to design a learning resource for teaching biotechnology which promoting the issue of SSI and nurturing the entrepreneurship of the student as well. Indonesia has the potential to develop native chicken farming to increase the economy status and people's income, but the productivity of native chickens is still low. To solve the problem, an organic feed based on rice bran and papaya leaves which have high nutritional content were introduced as one of the projects which can be run by high school students. To find the potential of papaya leaves and rice bran, a literature review had been done. The results shows that papaya leaves are rich in protease enzymes so that they can increase the digestibility of amino acids in chickens. Bran contains phytic acid as an antinutrient. The smell of ammonia cannot be separated from the problem of livestock. Production of feed from the fermentation of bacteria Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus bulgaricus can add phytase enzymes to increase nutrient absorption to accelerate the increase in chicken weight. Fermented feed is also able to inhibit bacteria that break down protein into ammonia so that the smell of feces disappears. Based on these findings, the learning activities for understanding the concepts of biotechnology is need to be further designed.
The Effectivity of Playing Therapy on Communication and Social Development on Autistic Children
Authors: Mulyani Sri
Published: January 2022

Background: Autism is a complex developmental disorder associated with communication, social interaction and imagination activity. Until now, the exact cause of autism has not been found, but several studies have found that autism is caused by viruses such as Rubella, Toxoplasmosis and the Morbili and Rubella (MMR) vaccine. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of play therapy on communication and social development in autistic children,

Subjects and Methods: The research design used quasi-experimental design with one group pre and post-test design. The play therapy activity was in the form of forming a play group with 19 respondents with the therapist as a facilitator. The study was conducted in Febuary-March 2020. The statistical test technique that used in this study was the Paired T Test.

Results: The communication and social development of autistic children before 2 months of receiving play therapy had an average value of 4.67 and the communication and social development of autistic children after 2 months of receiving play therapy had an average value of 7.2. Based on the results of data analysis using the Paired T Test, it was obtained p = 0.001 (p < 0.05) so Ho is rejected and it is proven that there is an effect between giving play therapy and communication and social development in autistic children.

Conclusion: There is an influence between play therapy on improving communication and social development in autistic children. The average post-test score is greater than the average pre-test value, proving that play therapy can improve communication and social development in autistic children.
THE EXPRESSIVE SPEECH ACT USED BY ANIES RASYID BASWEDAN AND RECEP TAYYIP ERDOGAN AS THE REACTION OF THE ATTACKS IN CHRISTCHURCH NEW ZEALAND
Authors: Tamam Badrut , Setiawan Slamet , Anam Syafiul
Published: January 2022

This study attempts to compare between Anies Rasyid Baswedan and Recep Tayyip Erdogan in terms of speech act as their reaction of the attacks in Christchurch New Zealand particularly: a) the kinds of expressive speech act used; b) the intended meaning of expressive speech act; and c) the personality differences between them seen the use of speech act. The qualitative method was used to fulfil the three objectives of the study. The data was collected from document that was taken from the utterances used by the two public figures. It was transcribed and then analysed descriptively. The results show that the speakers used three kinds of expressive speech acts, namely: condoling, deploring, and lamenting. Condoling is an expressive speech acts were mostly used to communicate by the speakers. The intended meaning of expressive speech act used by the speakers are determined by interpreting and determining what speakers means in the context. In addition, the personality characters of Anies Rasyid Baswedan are kind, clever, and soft, whereas, the personality characters of Recep Tayyip Erdogan are courageous, influential person, and clever.
BENTUK KATA RAGAM BAHASA GAUL DI KALANGAN PENGGUNA MEDIA SOSIAL INSTAGRAM
Authors: Anindya Widya Dara , Rondang Vita Novian
Published: January 2022

Social media was a proof of the rapid development in information technology. It was in line with the appearance of slang words formed by its users. Most of social media users were teenagers. The rapid of vacabulary creation of slang language was a proof of linguistics creativity formed by social media’s users mostly teenagers. This research aimed to identify words form of slang language found in instagram feeds and comments column. The data was slang words collected by using observation methods with screenshot and note taking techniques. Data was taken from instagram feeds and comments of @dagelan and @memecomic.id. The result showed that words forms of slang language classified into some forms, namely (1) acronym, (2) abreviation, (3) contraction, (4) klipping, (5) walikan form, (6) borrowing from foreign language, (7) association, (8) monophonization, (9) infiltration of vocal letters, (10) words formed by improving from original words, and (11) new words formed of the creativity of instagram users.
PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK TIM DAN KEADILAN KERJA TERHADAP KOMITMEN ORGANISASI PADA GURU SMA SWASTA KOTA BEKASI
Authors: Faradiba Yasmin
Published: January 2022

This research is aimed to investigate the effect of (1) team characteristis,, and (2) work justice toward (3) organizational commitment of teacher the private senior high school in Bekasi.         In the data analysis, this research uses causal survey method by using Path Analysis Technique. This study uses the sample from 73 teachers in three private senior high school in Bekasi who are selected by using Slovinâ€™fomula. The result of the study reveals that: Frist, there is a positive effect between team characteristics and teacher organizational commitment to the school. Second, there is a positive effect also between work justice and teacher organizational commitment to the school. Third, there is a positive effect between team characteristics and teacher organizationaâ€™s commitment to the school.
EL PAPEL QUE DESEMPEÑA LAS ENTIDADES CONTROLADORAS FRENTE A LOS HALLAZGOS FRENTE AL INFORME DE AUDITORÍA EN EL CASO ODEBRECHT
Authors:   Corporación Universitaria Republicana, BAUTISTA DIANA , MORA HANNY , ROJAS ROCIO
Published: January 2022

Controlling entities ignored the evidence submitted in the year 2008 by the auditing firm PWC in the case Odebrecht, generating a lack of transparency in the bidding process being involved economic monopolies, political influence and the highest authority in the country. It is testimony to poor control and vigilance on the part of the administration motivated by economic corruption causing a lack of political and budget deficit . Through the events of the case of Odebrecht in Colombia, several crimes against the public administration, violation of human rights, money laundering, distrust in the road sector investment, convictions and sequelae such as violence, death of innocent people, poor road infrastructure, budget deficit and globalization of justice.
DECLARACIÓN DE RENTA. FACTORES QUE INCIDEN EN EL RECAUDO DEL IMPUESTO A LA RENTA EN LA PLAZA DE MERCADO DE CORABASTOS DE BOGOTÁ
Authors:   Corporación Universitaria Republicana, ALBARRACÍN PAOLA , CAVIEDES MADELEIN , GRACIA YEIMY
Published: January 2022

The research was carried out in order to raise awareness of the people of the market places in Bogota, especially in low strata, the importance of the income statement, its benefits and the effects that would have on omitting this, due to studies in which evidence the high degree of taxpayers who omit the submission of their returns being often consented or equally unconscious of the fact, omitting their due obligation, which is presumed to be generated at the low communication of those and as they must declare, in turn the benefits they would get in doing so, what is idealized is to generate a high degree of awareness in taxpayers to improve their quality of life, by being properly constituted open more market offers and not just with retailers , this would mainly impact the Dian and the government because the value of the collection would be increased, which can be used for social projects, to generate that the budget goes to what has been proposed by the government.
LA ÉTICA EN EL EJERCICIO PROFESIONAL DEL REVISOR FISCAL, RE FLEXIONES SOBRE SU ACTUALIDAD EN COLOMBIA
Authors:   Corporación Universitaria Republicana, DORADO JEFFERSON
Published: January 2022

The following article seeks to clarify the importance of the tax audit in Colombia, as one of the main pillars for society. To do this, the starting point is to elaborate the state of the art on professional ethics; The regulatory framework of the fiscal audit is presented below, which includes ethical and sanctioning aspects. Finally, the conclusions are presented that systematize a series of reflections on the importance of the fiscal auditor in the processes of transparency and sustainability of organizations.
SEGURIDAD SOCIAL EN SALUD PARA EXTRANJEROS EN CONDICIÓN IRREGULAR EN COLOMBIA
Authors:   Corporación Universitaria Republicana, TOLOZA JOHANNA , TOLOZA JENNYFER
Published: January 2022

After the arrival of Venezuelan migrants to Colombia on a regular and irregular basis, it has caused a significant modification and implementation of normative instruments regarding labor issues such as: access to work, social security, immigrant status, among other related tools in matters of employment. guarantees for workers. This has caused foreigners who migrated to Colombia irregularly and who have not legalized their documents and / or permits in our country have a series of difficulties, among which is access to a job through a labor contract, and consequently, they cannot make their contributions to the social security system. All this, because they do not have the official protocol, nor the financial support to make their respective contribution to the social security system. Migrants in an irregular condition have been forced to have to work independently, a job in which the majority do not earn even the minimum wage, and affects the contribution to the social security system, a situation for which they choose to join. to the subsidized health regime, however, this subsidized affiliation is prior to the fulfillment of a series of requirements.
Pelvic Ring Disruption During Childbirth
Authors: Hoehmann Christopher L. , Doss William , DeTore Saila
Published: January 2022

Case:

We present the management of a peripartum pelvic ring disruption. Initial conservative treatment failed; ultimately, open reduction with internal fixation was required. Four years later, the patient gave birth to another child by elective cesarean delivery.

Conclusion:

Pelvic ring fracture is a rare occurrence during childbirth. The mechanism involves hormonally mediated ligamentous laxity of the pelvis combined with the forceful movement of the fetal head. This case highlights the continuum of care from injury to treatment, and follow-up, demonstrates proper management of pregnancy-related pelvic ring injury, and explores the role of previous pelvic ring injury in a pregnant patient.
Elbow Osteochondral Allograft Transplantation and Lateral Ulnar Collateral Ligament Repair with Internal Brace
Authors: Lee Steven J. , Bedford Benjamin B. , Kim Andrew H. , Rahman Omar F. , Zbeda Robert M.
Published: January 2022

Case:

A 23-year-old woman with an Osborne-Cotterill lesion and posterolateral rotatory instability (PLRI) of the elbow was treated with osteochondral allograft transplantation (OCA) and lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL) repair with internal brace. Two years after surgery, she reported resolution of pain and returned to all recreational activities. She reported no mechanical symptoms and no episodes of postoperative instability.

Conclusion:

PLRI can present with an Osborne-Cotterill lesion in addition to LUCL injury. The purpose of this case report was to describe the use of OCA to manage bony defects in the capitellum in addition to LUCL repair for patients with PLRI.
Efeito de bactérias diazotróficas associativas no desenvolvimento produtivo do capim Marandu
Authors: Silva Alves dos Santos C. , Lima Guimarães S. , Bonfim-Silva E.M. , Castilho Polizel de Souza A. , Koetz M. , Da Silva Campos D.T. , De Lima Canuto E.
Published: January 2022

O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar o desenvolvimento do capim Marandu (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu) submetido à inoculação com bactérias diazotróficas associadas e cultivadas em Latossolo Vermelho do Cerrado. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação, com delineamento inteiramente casualizado e cinco tratamentos composto por três estirpes de bactérias associativas fixadoras de nitrogênio, Y2 (Nitrospirillum amazonense), MTH2 (similar à Herbaspirillum spp.), MTB1 (similar à Burkholderia spp.), um inoculante comercial formado pela combinação das estirpes Ab-V5 e Ab-V6 (Azospirillum brasilense), um controle 100 mg dm-3 N-uréia e cinco repetições, foram inoculadas pela inserção de uma alíquota de 3 mL de caldo bacteriano contendo 109 mL-1 de células no solo próximo ao sistema radicular de cada planta. Foram realizados três cortes aos 30, 60 e 90 dias após a semeadura e avaliou-se altura da planta, número de folhas, matéria seca de parte aérea e da raiz do capim Marandu. A altura das plantas (P
Relações entre as características morfométricas da carcaça e a produção de cortes comerciais de novilhas da raça Nelore
Authors: Sanches L.M. , Fernandes A.R.M. , Borquis R.R.A.
Published: January 2022

Um estudo de correlações foi conduzido para determinar quais as principais medidas morfométricas da carcaça que influenciam na determinação dos cortes comerciais do dianteiro e traseiro especial em novilhas nelore. Utilizou-se 81 novilhas nelore, escolhidas aleatoriamente provenientes de rebanhos comerciais, abatidas de acordo com a legislação vigente. Foram coletados os pesos corporais dos animais e posteriormente ao abate coletou-se o peso da carcaça quente, peso da carcaça fria e as mesmas foram divididas em meias carcaças e pesadas após o resfriamento. As medidas morfométricas da carcaça foram comprimento interno da carcaça, comprimento, largura, perímetro e profundidade de perna, profundidade de peito, área de olho de lombo e espessura de gordura subcutânea. As meias carcaças foram dividas em dianteiro e traseiro especial com intuito de estabelecer os cortes comerciais. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de correlação de Pearson (p
Fraseotermos de língua espanhola na denominação da avifauna do Pantanal Sul-mato-grossense: um estudo com base em materiais ornitológicos
Authors: Delmond Thierry , Marques Elizabete Aparecida
Published: January 2022

Este artigo pretende apresentar os resultados preliminares de um estudo sobre fraseotermos da língua espanhola usados para denominar a avifauna do Pantanal Sul-mato-grossense, a partir de dados extraídos de materiais digitais ornitológicos. O trabalho apoia-se nos pressupostos teóricos e metodológicos da Teoria da Denominação (PETIT, 2009), da Terminologia (CABRÉ, 1998), da Socioterminologia (GAUDIN, 1993) e da Fraseologia (GONZÁLEZ-REY, 2015). Cada denominação é considerada, no domínio da Terminologia, como termo. No caso de uma análise de fraseologismos, o termo adequado para nomear as colocações terminológicas é fraseotermo. Os primeiros resultados mostram que os fraseotermos que nomeiam as aves do Pantanal sofrem uma forte influência sociocultural, o que corrobora a necessidade de um trabalho fraseoterminológico com base em critérios científicos.
eDNA metabarcoding as a promising conservation tool to monitor fish diversity in Beijing water systems compared with ground cages
Authors: Mei Shen , Nengwen Xiao , Ziyi Zhao , Ningning Guo , Zunlan Luo , Guang Sun , Junsheng Li
Published: January 2022

Fish diversity, an important indicator of the health of aquatic ecosystems, is declining sharply due to water pollution, overfishing, climate change, and species invasion. Effective surveying and monitoring are prerequisites for protecting fish diversity. In this study, eDNA (environmental DNA)metabarcoding and ground cages were used to survey the fish diversity of the Chaobai and Beiyun Rivers in Beijing. Based on the two methods, the results showed that 40 species, belonging to 35 genera, 18 families, and six orders, were identified. The richness of fish identified by eDNA metabarcoding was higher than that captured by ground cages in both rivers. All fish captured by the ground cage method were recognized by eDNA metabarcoding, except Squalidus wolterstorffi and Saurogobio dabryi, which were captured only in ground cages. The correlation of relative abundance between the two methods was affected by the properties of the rivers, such as the flow rate. The relative abundance detected by eDNA metabarcoding was positively correlated with that of the ground cages in the Beiyun River, while no correlation was observed for the Chaobai River. Our results also suggest that the Chaobai River has higher fish diversity and a different population structure than the Beiyun River. The primary fish species of the Beiyun River are mainly pollution resistant. In addition to differences in natural factors, the development of urbanization is a major contributor to different community structures in the two Rivers. Our results show that eDNA metabarcoding as a new survey tool has great application prospects. It provides certain theoretical data and methodological references for the protection and management of river fish diversity.
Attitudes and Perceptions of University Students on Climate Change: Evidences from an International Study
Authors: Filho Walter Leal , Ayal Desalegn Yayeh , Wall Tony , Shiel Chris , Pac Arminda , Pace Paul , Mifsud Mark , Salvia Amanda Lange , Skouloudis Antonis , Moggi Sara , LeVasseur Todd , Antonio Garcia Vinuesa , Azeiteiro Ulisses M , Ioannis Nikolaou , Kovaleva Marina
Published: January 2022

Universities have an unrivalled potential to educate students on climate change issues and to actively engage them in climate affairs, both as citizens and influencers of future professions. Despite this potential and the many advantages of student engagement in climate change, less emphasis has been given to understanding students´ perceptions and attitudes towards climate change, in a way that may guide changes in the curriculum and teaching practices. Based on the need to address the existing literature gap, this paper assesses university students’ perceptions and attitudes towards climate change at the international level. This study comprises a survey of a sample of universities across the world and uses descriptive statistics to identify the most important trends across geographical locations of the universities. The study provides recommended actions that universities may enact in order to improve educational provisions in matters related to climate change and, by doing so, better prepare future professionals to cope with the challenges of a changing climate.
Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, and Evaluation of Psychometric Properties of Cystic Fibrosis Stigma Scale
Authors: Oliveira Victor Hugo Brito , Mendonça Karla Morganna Pereira Pinto , Alchieri João Carlos , Pakhale Smita , Balfour Louise , Silva Whitney Houston Barbosa dos Santos , Nogueira Ivan Daniel Bezerra , Nogueira Patrícia Angélica de Miranda Silva
Published: January 2022

Background: Stigma is present during the lifespan of individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF); consequently, instruments to assess this psychosocial aspect are necessary. Few instruments are validated and adapted to Brazilian Portuguese. We aimed to translate, cross-culturally adapt, and evaluate psychometric properties of the CF stigma scale. Methods: We conducted an exploratory study of cross-cultural adaptation involving translation, back translation, revision by an expert committee, and a pre-test. Psychometric properties (content validity, test-retest reliability, and convergent validity) were analyzed based on the adapted version of the scale and responded by 52 Brazilian individuals with CF older than 18 years. Results: Translation and cross-cultural adaptation obtained kappa indexes higher than 0.61 on the expert committee phase and between 0.48 and 0.72 on pre-test. The Brazilian version of CF stigma scale showed excellent psychometric properties: i) internal consistency, α = 0.836; ii) mean correlation between items and test-retest: r = 0.886, p < 0.0001; and iii) convergent validity, CF stigma scale correlated positively with anxiety scale and negatively with general and specific scores of quality of life in CF. Conclusion: CF stigma scale was adequately translated and cross-culturally adapted for the Brazilian population. Psychometric properties of the Brazilian version favor its use in future studies regarding stigma conducted with Brazilian individuals with CF.
Axial Length Shortening After Orthokeratology and Its Relationship With Myopic Control
Authors: Wang Anken , Shen Li , Wang Jiaying , Zhang Zhehuan , Yang Weiming , Yang Chenhao
Published: January 2022

Purpose: To determine the pattern of axial variation in subjects with initial shortened axial length during the entire period of orthokeratology and to discuss the possibility of shortened AL after one month of orthokeratology becoming a predictor of myopia control.Method: This study retrospectively included 106 children with myopia aged 8 to 14 wearing OK lenses. eyes with shortened axial length (AL) at the first-month visit were enrolled in the axial length shortening (ALS) group, and 52 eyes without shortened AL were enrolled in the no axial length shortening (NALS) group. Axial length and refractive error at baseline and within the entire period of orthokeratology (20 months), including fitting, washout period and re-wear, were measured.Results: In the ALS group, AL became longer after shortening and slowly exceeded baseline; afterward, AL experienced a rebound during the washout period and shortened again if OK lenses were re-worn. After washout period, significant difference in AL (ALS:0.28±0.19 mm, NALS: 0.52±0.17 mm) and spherical equivalent(ALS:-0.43±0.44D, NALS:-0.91±0.40D) between the two groups were found(P＜0.05). The changes in AL and SE were both significantly correlated with the changes in AL at the first-month visit (P＜0.05).Conclusion: After AL is shortened in the initial stage of orthokeratology, it will experience a rapid rebound during the washout period, and the shortening can reappear when re-wearing OK lenses. Hence, only including the washout period can we make an objective evaluation of orthokeratology. In addition, the existence and degree of axial shortening can be used as a predictor of long-term myopia development.
ZO-1 regulates stress granule formation in endothelial cells by interacting with YB-1
Authors: Bakkouri Yassine El , Chidiac Rony , Corriveau Jeanne , Gaonac’h-Lovejoy Vanda , Chin Ashley , Lécuyer Éric , Angers Stephane , Topisirovic Ivan , Hulea Laura , Delisle Chantal , Gratton Jean-Philippe
Published: January 2022

Zonal occludens-1 (ZO-1) is involved in the regulation of cell-cell junctions between endothelial cells (ECs). Here, we define the ZO-1 protein interactome and reveal novel ZO-1 interactions with RNA binding proteins (RBP) that are part of stress granules (SGs). Exposure of ECs to stresses decreased ZO-1 protein levels which was accompanied by increased SG formation and protection of ECs from cellular insults. We uncovered a previously undocumented association between ZO-1 and Y-box Binding Protein 1 (YB-1). Arsenite treatment of ECs decreased the interaction between ZO-1 and YB-1. In turn, downregulation of ZO-1 increased the association of YB-1 and G3BP1, thus driving SG assembly. Importantly, YB-1 is essential for the protective effects induced by downregulation of ZO-1 and SG formation. Finally, in the developing retinal vascular plexus of newborn mice, ECs at the extremities of growing vessels express less ZO-1 and display more YB-1 positive SGs than ECs located in the median portion of the retinal vasculature. Together, our findings demonstrate an unsuspected role for ZO-1 in SG formation, through its interaction with YB-1, and in the response of ECs to stresses during angiogenesis.
Aerobic Vaginitis in the Third Trimester and Its Impact on Pregnancy Outcomes
Authors: Nguyen Anh Thi Chau , Nguyen Na Thi Le , Hoang Thu Thi Anh , Nguyen Tuyen Thi , Tran Trang Thi Quynh , Tran Dan Nu Tam , Tran Linh Manh , Nguyen Duc Huu Chau , Nguyen Anh Thi Kim , Le Tam Minh , Ho Binh Duy , Rööp Tiiu , Kõljalg Siiri , Štšepetova Jelena , Le An Van , Salumets Andres , Mändar Reet
Published: January 2022

Background

Aerobic vaginitis (AV) is a vaginal inflammation characterized by disruption of the lactobacillus microbiota and increased counts of different aerobic bacteria. AV may result in severe complications, especially during pregnancy, including preterm delivery, neonatal and maternal infections. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of AV in the third trimester of pregnancy, and the relationship between AV and pregnancy outcomes.
Methods

A cross-sectional descriptive study included 323 pregnant women attending for routine antenatal care in the Hue University Hospital. Vaginal samples collected at the third trimester of pregnancy were evaluated for AV according to the scoring system of Donders and cultured for identification of predominant bacteria. Pregnancy was followed to its end, and pregnancy outcomes were recorded for both mothers and infants.
Results

The proportion of pregnant women diagnosed with AV in the third trimester was found to be 15.5%, with the vast majority of the cases (84%) displaying the light AV and 16% the moderate AV. The vaginal cultures in the women with AV revealed most frequently Streptococcus agalactiae (6%), followed by Enterococcus spp (4%), Staphylococcus aureus (4%), and Acinetobacter baumannii (2%). In addition, AV during the last trimester of pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of puerperal sepsis (OR 8.65, 95% CI: 1.41 - 53.16, p = 0.020) and there was a slightly increased risk for neonatal infections, which was statistically insignificant.
Conclusions

The proportion of AV is relatively high in Vietnamese pregnant women. Since it is associated with an increased risk of puerperal sepsis, it needs to be diagnosed and treated before delivery.
Triglyceride Glucose-Waist Circumference (TyG-WC) is a Reliable Marker to Predict Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Authors: Song Seungah , Son Da-Hye , Baik Su Jung , Cho Wan Je , Lee Yong-Jae
Published: January 2022

Triglyceride and glucose index (TyG index), a marker of insulin resistance, is positively associated with NAFLD. Modified TyG indices, combining body composition markers including body-mass index (BMI) or waist circumference (WC) with TyG index, are reported to enhance predictability of insulin resistance. This study aimed to compare the usefulness of modified TyG indices for predicting NAFLD to TyG index and fatty liver index (FLI). This cross-sectional study included 12,757 Korean adults. TyG index and FLI were calculated using established formulas, and TyG-BMI and TyG-WC were calculated as TyG * BMI and TyG * WC, respectively. All measures were divided into quartiles. NAFLD severity (grade 0-3) was compared using ANOVA by quartiles of each index. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for NAFLD were calculated using multiple logistic regression analysis. ROC and AUROC analyses were performed to compare predictability of NAFLD using WC, BMI, TyG, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC and FLI. Higher TyG index, TyG-BMI, TyG-WC, and FLI were associated with higher grade of NAFLD. ORs(CIs) for NAFLD increased in all indices, especially in TyG-WC [39.251 (31.304-49.215)] and FLI [38.937 (31.145-48.678)]. AUROC was 0.848 (0.840-0.855) for TyG-WC and 0.850 (0.842-0.857) for FLI. TyG-WC is a reliable indicator for the presence of NAFLD in Korean adults.
Improving the Quality Validation of Semi-Structured Data Process Using Hadoop
Authors: Pallamala Rajesh kumar , Rodrigues Paul , A A.Jyothi Babu
Published: January 2022

The authors have requested that this preprint be removed from Research Square.
Oct4 Protein and Gene Expression Analysis in the Differentiation of Spermatogonia Stem Cells Into Functional Mature Neurons by Immunohistochemistry, Immunocytochemistry, and Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Azizi Hossein , Karoii Danial Hashemi , Skutella Thomas
Published: January 2022

Spermatogonia Stem Cells (SSCs) are potential candidates for reprogramming, therapeutic neuronal repair, and regeneration. Recent studies have revealed that differentiated cells can be reverted to a pluripotent state by overexpressing a set of pluripotent transcription factors. Oct4 (encoded by pou5f1), a POU transcription factor family member, is essential to the potential that controls pluripotency, and it is widely expressed in pluripotent stem cells, although it decreased or suppressed after differentiation. In this investigated research, we examined the Oct4 Expression in vivo and in-vitro of SSCs, Embryonic Stem Cell-like (ES-like), Embryonic Bodies (EBs), and Neurons by Immunocytochemistry (ICC), Immunohistochemistry (IMH), and Fluidigm Real-Time polymerase chain reaction. In addition, We use some databases like STRING to predict protein-protein interaction and enrichment analysis. We evaluated the expression of Oct4 in this process, and we observed that it is expressed in SSCs, ES-like, and EBs during the differentiation of spermatogonia stem cells into adult neurons. We show that by adding RA to EBs, the Expression of Oct4 is reduced and is not expressed in the neuron cells. We observed that the Expression of Oct4 is linked and interacts with the differentiation of spermatogonia stem cells into neuron cells, and it has been shown to be biological functional like stem cell maintenance and somatic cell reprogramming. Our findings can help us better understand the process of differentiation of spermatogonia stem cells into neurons, and it can be effective in finding new and more efficient treatments for neurogenesis and repair of neurons. Moreover, this study may comprehend the new Oct4 reprogramming method for clinical and therapeutic use.
Climate Change Impacts On Evapotranspiration in Brazil: a Multi-model Assessment
Authors: Monteiro Ana Flávia Martins , Torres Roger Rodrigues , Martins Fabrina Bolzan , Marrafon Vitor Hugo de Almeida
Published: January 2022

A large part of Brazil is highly vulnerable to climate changes projected for the end of the 21st century. Analyzing these vulnerabilities is particularly important for agriculture, since the country is one of the largest agricultural commodity producers in the world. Changes in the reference evapotranspiration (ETo) can impact crops and make cultivation unfeasible. However, studies on ETo patterns under climate change scenarios for Brazil have been restricted to regional scales and use too few climate models or too simplified water balance models for their analysis. This can lead to uncertainties in assessing the impacts of climate change on ETo. Therefore, this study seeks to analyze ETo patterns in Brazil towards the end of the 21st century using two methods that are better at estimating regional ETo, i.e., the Turc and Abtew methods, under two radiative forcing scenarios (RCPs 4.5 and 8.5). Daily data on near surface air temperature (mean and maximum), global solar radiation, and near surface relative humidity from six General Circulation Models (GCMs) from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) were used to analyze the simulations and projections for climate change. The performance of climate simulations is heterogeneous among the GCMs, with overestimations (~ 2.5 mm day-1) in some models, and underestimations (~ 1.5 mm day-1) in others. In general, climate change projections indicate increases of up to 1 mm day-1 in ETo, mainly in the North, Northeast, and Center-West regions of Brazil. Both estimation methods showed similar spatial patterns, however the Turc method projected lower intensity changes compared to the Abtew method.
The association between intake of whole grain, refined grain, fast food and carbonated drinks with depression and quality of life in Iranian adolescent girls
Authors: Sangouni Abbas Ali , darabi zahra , Ghayour-Mobarhan Majid , Mazidi Mohsen , Lane Katie E , Khayyatzadeh Sayyed Saeid
Published: January 2022

Background: We evaluated the association between fast food, whole grain, refined grain and carbonated drink consumption with depression and QoL in Iranian adolescent girls.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 733 adolescent girls were included from Mashhad and Sabzevar cities in northeastern Iran. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and SF-12v2 questionnaire were used to assess depression and QoL, respectively. A valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire was used to obtained dietary intakes of the study participants. To explore the association between intake of food groups and depression and QoL, we used linear and logistic regression in crude and adjusted models.Results: There was a signiﬁcant decreasing trend in the odds of poor QOL and depression across increasing quartile intake of whole grain; but, there was no linear relationship between whole grain intake with depression and QoL score. In addition, subjects in the highest quartile of carbonated drink consumption had higher odds of poor QoL compared to the first quartile (OR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.00–2.32, P = 0.04). We found a positive association between intake of fast food and depression score (β= 0.09). Intake of fast food was inversely associated with QoL score (β= -0.081). However, there was no significant relationship between intake of refined grains and carbonated drinks with depression, and between whole grain and refined grain intake with QoL.ConclusionsWe demonstrated an inverse association between fast food intake with depression and QOL. To better conclude, further studies evaluating the association of various food groups with depression and QoL.
Network pharmacology exploration reveals the bioactive compounds and molecular mechanisms by which Gui-Qi-Yang-Xin Decoction suppresses myocardial fibrosis
Authors: Jiang Hugang , Lin Wenyan , Wang Xinqiang , Liu Kai , Fu Zhaoyuan , Wang Ming , Liu Miaomiao , Zhao Xinke , Li Yingdong
Published: January 2022

Background: Gui-Qi-Yang-Xin Decoction (GQYXD), a Chinese medicine formula, has been shown to exert obvious therapeutic effects on myocardial fibrosis (MF). However, the bioactive compounds and underlying pharmacological mechanisms remain to be elucidated.Methods:The present study aimed to determine the bioactive compounds and potential action mechanisms of GQYXD in the treatment of MF using an integrated network pharmacology approach. All compounds were identified from the corresponding database and active compounds were selected according to their oral bioavailability and drug-likeness index. The components of GQYXD and the corresponding drug targets were retrieved through drug-target databases and the potential MF genes were obtained from the GeneCard database. The abovementioned ingredients and related targets were used to construct ‘compound–target–disease’, protein-protein interaction (PPI) and target-pathway networks. Functional and pathway enrichment analyses were performed to determine the key biological processes and important pathways using the clusterProfiler package in R programming language. Experimental validation was performed using haematoxylin-eosin staining, Masson’s trichrome staining and immunohistochemistry analysis in isoproterenol-induced MF rats, and western blot analysis, phalloidin staining and immunofluorescence staining were used to verify the proposed mechanism of protection on H9C2 cells.Results: Fifty-five bioactive components and 59 putative targets that were directly related to GQYXD and MF were collected. The results of functional enrichment analysis revealed that responses to lipopolysaccharides, oxidative stress, hypoxia, nutrient levels and mechanical stimuli were the key biological processes and were regulated simultaneously by six direct targets, including prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (MAPK14), protein kinase 1 (AKT1) mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 (MAPK8), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). KEGG pathway enrichment analysis found that five signalling pathways were closely related to MF treatment by GQYXD. Animal experiments showed that GQYXD could significantly alleviate isoproterenol-induced MF. In vitro cell experiment results showed that GQYXD treatment could ameliorate organisational damage to the cell cytoskeleton in H9C2 induced by isoproterenol. Down-regulated expression of PTGS2, MAPK14 and MAPK8 and up-regulated expression of AKT1 was demonstrated both in animal and cell experiments.Conclusion: GQYXD could alleviate MF based on multiple components, targets and pathways. This study also demonstrated the network pharmacology approach as an effective tool to reveal the mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) from a holistic perspective.
Research on Blockchain Technology: A Bibliometric Analysis of the Contributions of India
Authors: Owan Valentine Joseph , Lata Neha , Sonkar Sharad Kumar , Srivast Prachi
Published: January 2022

A blockchain is a ground-breaking technique for connecting computer networks in a decentralised and distributed manner. It is a relatively new technology with many applications that could eventually affect the entire economy and be acknowledged as the most up-to-date general-purpose technology. This study aims to look at the growth and trends of blockchain technology research literature from 2011 to 2020 across various perspectives. The aim is to assist researchers in developing theoretical frameworks, understand future research directions and serve as a primary source of references for research mapping in the subject. We investigated the top-cited papers, most productive countries, most prolific journals, and most prolific authors based on a comprehensive review of the literature gathered from the Scopus database. According to the findings, the first publication using blockchain technology was in 2011, and the peak year for blockchain research was in 2020. Furthermore, the statistics revealed that China and the United States (US) are now the most productive countries in research on blockchain technology. Furthermore, our research demonstrated that India is one of the most active producers of blockchain-related research. This outcome is unsurprising, given that the Indian economy has proved its ability to follow best practices in encouraging technology growth in recent years. According to this survey, the topic of blockchain technology has gotten much attention from researchers all over the world.
Gate-Controlled Electron Quantum Interference Logic
Authors: Weinbub Josef , Ballicchia Mauro , Nedjalkov Mihail
Published: January 2022

Inspired by using the wave nature of electrons for electronquantum optics, we propose a new type of electron quantuminterference structure, where single-electron waves are coherentlyinjected into a gate-controlled, two-dimensional waveguide andexit through one or more output channels. The thus gatecontrolledinterference effects lead to specific current levels inthe output channels, which can be used to realize logic gateoperations, e.g., NAND or NOR gates. The operating principle isshown by coherent, dynamic Wigner quantum electron transportsimulations. A discussion of classical simulations (Boltzmann)allows to outline the underlying process of interference. Contraryto other electron control approaches used for advancedinformation processing, no magnetic or photonic mechanisms areinvolved.