bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Influence of Biological Factors on the Strength of Static Rope Used by Firefighters in Rescue Operations
Authors: Cecelski Michał , Piec Robert , Szykuła-Piec Barbara
Published: September 2021

After conducting a document review, the authors found no reports concerning the
influence of biological factors, such as blood, mould, and dirt, on the durability of
rescue ropes. This study aims to answer the question of whether and how selected
biological factors affect static rope 10.5, which is frequently used by firefighters for
rescues.
In the first stage of the research, focus studies were conducted among fifteen
members of the Specialist High-Rescue Group in Plock (Poland), which aimed to determine the state of knowledge about the impact of biological factors on the
strength of rope. The results indicated that the group had knowledge as to the impact
of physical and chemical factors on the rope; however, a lack of information on the
impact of biological factors was identified. In the second stage, the force necessary
to break static rope contaminated with selected biological agents was measured.
To achieve this, a 100-m section of a new rope was divided into 63 sections, which
were then exposed to impurities. The first endurance measurement was taken after
9 months and the second after 12 months.
Findings: contamination with biological agents has an impact on static rope
strength, and knowledge about this impact is negligible and not included in any
rope-use instructions.
Analiza numeryczna odciążania pomieszczeń gaszonych gazem
Authors: Październik Michał , Boroń Sylwia , Kubica Przemysław
Published: September 2021

Celem pracy jest zaproponowanie modelu dyskretnego wykorzystującego metodę
objętości skończonych do wyznaczania oporu przepływu gazu gaśniczego przez
przewód wentylacyjny. Wykorzystując opracowany model, wyznaczono przyrost
ciśnienia po wyładowaniu w pomieszczeniu odciążanym bezpośrednio na zewnątrz.
Zakres pracy stanowi charakterystyka przepływu gazu przez przewody wentylacyjne,
wykorzystanie numerycznej mechaniki płynów do stworzenia modelu symulującego
wyładowanie i przepływ przez przewody wentylacyjne gazu gaśniczego oraz przeprowadzenie części badawczej porównującej obliczeniowy charakter przepływu
z rzeczywistym. W ramach pracy dowiedziono, że wykorzystując model turbulencji
LES, można oszacować średnie ciśnienie w pomieszczeniu podczas wyładowania,
z dokładnością wystarczającą na początkowym etapie projektowania.
PRZYGOTOWANIE NAWIGACYJNE
BEZZAŁOGOWYCH STATKÓW
POWIETRZNYCH DO OPERACYJNYCH
DZIAŁAŃ STRAŻY POŻARNEJ
Authors: Fellner Andrzej , Feltynowski Mariusz , Fellner Radosław
Published: September 2021

Warunkiem bezpiecznego i precyzyjnego wykonania zadania przez bezzałogowy
aparat latający jest wstępne i bezpośrednie przygotowanie nawigacyjne. Potwierdzono
to założenie podczas przeprowadzonych w kwietniu 2020 r. działań ratowniczo-
-gaśniczych w Biebrzańskim Parku Narodowym. Oprócz 79 zastępów jednostek ochrony przeciwpożarowej i 380 strażaków, dwóch śmigłowców, sześciu samolotów
dodatkowo działania operacyjne wspierały cztery bezzałogowe systemy latające.
Zdobyte doświadczenia i wnioski umożliwiły opracowanie koncepcji przygotowania
nawigacyjnego dla bezzałogowych systemów latających.
Ocena mikrostruktury strumienia
wytwarzanego przez dyszę spiralną
o pełnym stożku zraszania
Authors: Wąsik Wiktor , Rogula-Kozłowska Wioletta , Majder-Łopatka Małgorzata
Published: September 2021

Strumienie rozproszone są powszechnie wykorzystywane m.in. do gaszenia, chłodzenia
oraz absorpcji substancji niebezpiecznych. W celu zoptymalizowania procesu,
w którym wykorzystywane są rozpylacze, niezbędna jest wiedza na temat mikroi
makrostruktury wytwarzanych przez nie strumieni. Parametry mikrostruktury
strumienia rozpylonego, takie jak średnia średnica kropel czy widmo rozpylenia są
uzależnione zarówno od cech konstrukcyjnych dysz, jak również ilości i ciśnienia
przepływającej cieczy. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badania mikrostruktury strugi generowanej
przez wirową dyszę spiralną TF 6 NN o pełnym stożku zraszania. Badania były
przeprowadzone przy różnych ciśnieniach zasilania i w czterech punktach strefy
zraszania. Wybór tych punktów był poprzedzony wyznaczeniem rozkładów intensywności
zraszania. Do określenia średnich średnic powierzchniowych kropel
i widma rozpylenia wykorzystano metodę fotoelektryczną, zaś intensywność zraszania
wyznaczono metodą kubełkową. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań
udowodniono, że w strefie zraszania występują istotne dysproporcje w parametrach
mikrostrukturalnych strumienia. Wykazano, że największa ilość wody wypływająca
z badanej dyszy jest kierowana do głównego pierścienia zraszania, gdzie występują
największe średnie średnice kropel. Zmiana ciśnienia zasilania dyszy nie
powoduje istotnych zmian parametrów strugi w centralnej części strefy zraszania.
W tym obszarze widmo rozpylenia, intensywność zraszania i średnia średnica
kropel, niezależnie od ciśnienia zasilania, były zbliżone. Ponadto udowodniono,
że w strefie położonej bezpośrednią pod dyszą odnotowuje się największy stopień
rozpylenia strugi.
Rola informacji we współczesnym świecie
Authors: Komorowska Karen
Published: September 2021

Rzeczywistość, w której funkcjonujemy, zmienia się nieustannie. Dzięki postępowi
technologicznemu nasz rozwój i dostęp do wiedzy jest niemal nieograniczony. Coś,
co jeszcze kilka dekad temu było zarezerwowane jedynie dla wąskiej grupy społeczeństwa,
teraz jest na wyciągnięcie ręki dla przeciętnego mieszkańca naszego globu.
Jednak tak szeroki dostęp do informacji, który niegdyś był tylko w zasięgu jednostek
i organizacji świadomych ich wagi, rodzi liczne zagrożenia w sposobie i formie ich
przekazywania. Innymi słowy swobodny dostęp do informacji, ich szybki przyrost
oraz niedostateczna kontrola ich obiegu są przyczyną powstawania wielu zagrożeń,
przed którymi coraz trudniej jest nam się ochronić. Nie sposób wskazać jednej
przyczyny takiego stanu rzeczy, problem jest złożony, gdyż informacja jest bezpośrednio
powiązana z interesami państw i życiem ich obywateli. Wystarczy wskazać
na takie obszary jak: sektor energetyczny, administracja państwowa, obronność
czy media, aby uzyskać przekonanie, że przedmiot zagadnienia jest szeroki, a granice
obszarów, z którymi jest on powiązany, w znacznym stopniu przenikają się i w pełni
uprawnione jest założenie, że zjawisko to potęguje. Zgromadzony przez autorkę
materiał stanowi odpowiedź na pytanie: jaką rolę pełni informacja we współczesnym
świecie? Zważywszy na różnorodne definicje związane z tematem niniejszego
artykułu w pierwszej części przeanalizowano podstawowe pojęcia i terminy,
w oparciu o które kolejno zaprezentowano jej właściwości. Praca swym zakresem obejmuje klasyfikację funkcji informacji oraz przedstawia główne uwarunkowania
jej wykorzystania przez człowieka jako jednostkę oraz w zorganizowanych grupach.
W ostatniej części wskazano kierunki rozwoju i potrzeby doskonalenia systemu
informacyjnego.
Ransomware Detection Based On Opcode Behavior Using K-Nearest Neighbors Algorithm
Authors: Stiawan Deris , Daely Somame Morianus , Heryanto Ahmad , Afifah Nurul , Idris Mohd Yazid , Budiarto Rahmat
Published: September 2021

Ransomware is a malware that represents a serious threat to a user’s information privacy. By investigating howransomware works, we may be able to recognise its atomic behaviour. In return, we will be able to detect theransomware at an earlier stage with better accuracy. In this paper, we propose Control Flow Graph (CFG) asan extracting opcode behaviour technique, combined with 4-gram (sequence of 4 “words”) to extract opcodesequence to be incorporated into Trojan Ransomware detection method using K-Nearest Neighbors (K-NN)algorithm. The opcode CFG 4-gram can fully represent the detailed behavioural characteristics of Trojan Ransomware.The proposed ransomware detection method considers the closest distance to a previously identifiedransomware pattern. Experimental results show that the proposed technique using K-NN, obtains the best accuracyof 98.86% for 1-gram opcode and using 1-NN classifier.
Distributed Iterative Learning Formation control for Nonholonomic Multiple Wheeled Mobile Robots with Channel Noise
Authors: Bu Xuhui , Hou Rui , Yin Yanling , Yu Wei , Geng Jiahao
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we studied the robust formation control issue of multiple non-holonomic wheel mobile robots (WMRs) with nonlinear characteristics and considered the channel noise and switching communication topology, a distributed iterative learning formation control (DILFC) scheme using information interaction between robots is proposed. Firstly, the formation tracking error with consensus information is constructed, and the relationship between formation error and channel noise is obtained from the nonlinear system model of mobile robot. Next, the controller is designed based on the prediction and the current learning term between robots, and the switching topology is introduced into the formation algorithm in the form of piecewise function. The sufficient condition and norm upper bound for the formation tracking stability of the system are obtained by theoretical analysis. The results show that although the channel noise accumulates in both the time domain and iteration domain, the validity of formation tracking can be guaranteed by adjusting the sampling time of the system. To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, numerical simulation results of a group of WMRs are presented.
Application of Deep Reinforcement Learning for Tracking Control of 3WD Omnidirectional Mobile Robot
Authors: Mehmood Atif , Shaikh Inam ul Hasan , Ali Ahsan
Published: September 2021

Deep reinforcement learning, the fastest growing technique, to solve real-world complex problems by creatinga simple mathematical framework. It includes an agent, action, environment, and a reward. An agent will interactwith the environment, takes an optimal action aiming to maximize the total reward. This paper proposesthe compelling technique of deep deterministic policy gradient for solving the complex continuous actionspace of 3-wheeled omnidirectional mobile robots. Three-wheeled Omnidirectional mobile robots tracking isa difficult task because of the orientation of the wheels which makes it rotate around its own axis rather tofollow the trajectory. A deep deterministic policy gradient (DDPG) algorithm has been designed to train in environmentswith continuous action space to follow the trajectory by training the neural networks defined forthe policy and value function to maximize the reward function defined for the tracking of the trajectory. DDPGagent environment is created in the Reinforcement learning toolbox in MATLAB 2019 while for Actor and criticnetwork design deep neural network designer is used. Results are shown to illustrate the effectiveness of thetechnique with a convergence of error approximately to zero.
Abnormal Human Behavior Detection in Videos: A Review
Authors: Mu Huiyu , Sun Ruizhi , Yuan Gang , Wang Yun
Published: September 2021

Modeling human behavior patterns for detecting the abnormal event has become an important domain in recentyears. A lot of efforts have been made for building smart video surveillance systems with the purpose ofscene analysis and making correct semantic inference from the video moving target. Current approaches havetransferred from rule-based to statistical-based methods with the need of efficient recognition of high-levelactivities. This paper presented not only an update expanding previous related researches, but also a study coveredthe behavior representation and the event modeling. Especially, we provided a new perspective for eventmodeling which divided the methods into the following subcategories: modeling normal event, predictionmodel, query model and deep hybrid model. Finally, we exhibited the available datasets and popular evaluationschemes used for abnormal behavior detection in intelligent video surveillance. More researches will promotethe development of abnormal human behavior detection, e.g. deep generative network, weakly-supervised. It isobviously encouraged and dictated by applications of supervising and monitoring in private and public space.The main purpose of this paper is to widely recognize recent available methods and represent the literature ina way of that brings key challenges into notice.
ERP-DDA: Event Reporting Protocol Based on Distributed Data Aggregation for Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: AL-Zubi Raed T , Alawad Mohammad Q , Kreishan Abdulraheem A , Darabkh Khalid A
Published: September 2021

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have a wide range of applications in human life. Accordingly, WSNs have beenthoroughly considered in research community to improve their performance and address their challenges. Eventreporting in WSNs has always been a major challenge in terms of energy consumption. Event reporting requiressensing the event and sending a reporting packet from the sensor to the centralized base station (BS). However,sensor’s energy is limited and stored in a non-rechargeable battery. Therefore, several event-reporting (or datacollection) protocols have been proposed to improve energy consumption in WSNs, and consequently, to extendtheir lifetime. In this paper, we propose an efficient event reporting protocol for WSNs called Event ReportingProtocol Based on Distributed Data Aggregation (ERP-DDA). This protocol mainly aims at reporting any event byno more than one sensor node such that energy saving is satisfied in the whole network. To achieve this goal, ERPDDAis mainly based on the following features: it is a cluster-based protocol, it is a multi-hop routing protocol, itapplies distributed data aggregation, and it employs variable clustering and cluster head selection. Simulationsshow that ERP-DDA significantly extends the lifetime of WSNs compared with other related protocols.
Automatic Text Summarization Using Deep Reinforcement Learning and Beyond
Authors: Sun Gang , Wang Zhongxin , Zhao Jia
Published: September 2021

In the era of big data, information overload problems are becoming increasingly prominent. It is challengingfor machines to understand, compress and filter massive text information through the use of artificial intelligencetechnology. The emergence of automatic text summarization mainly aims at solving the problem ofinformation overload, and it can be divided into two types: extractive and abstractive. The former finds somekey sentences or phrases from the original text and combines them into a summarization; the latter needs acomputer to understand the content of the original text and then uses the readable language for the human tosummarize the key information of the original text. This paper presents a two-stage optimization method forautomatic text summarization that combines abstractive summarization and extractive summarization. First,a sequence-to-sequence model with the attention mechanism is trained as a baseline model to generate initialsummarization. Second, it is updated and optimized directly on the ROUGE metric by using deep reinforcementlearning (DRL). Experimental results show that compared with the baseline model, Rouge-1, Rouge-2,and Rouge-L have been increased on the LCSTS dataset and CNN/DailyMail dataset.
Optimized Traffic Grooming through modified PSO based Iterative Hungarian algorithm in Optical Networks
Authors: KUMARNATH J. , BATRI K.
Published: September 2021

Due to huge size of the data and quick transmission of data between the nodes present in the optical network, a condition of network traffic is created among the nodes of the network. This issue of traffic can be overcome by employing numerous traffic grooming techniques. In this research paper, the best suitable shortest path is determined by the multi objective modified PSO algorithm and an innovative visibility graph based Iterative Hungarian Traffic grooming algorithm is implemented to reduce the blocking ratio through improving the allocation of bandwidth between the users. Then finally the performance analysis is carried out by means of performance measures such as traffic throughput, transceivers count, average propagation delay, blocking ratio, and success ratio. It can be inferred that the proposed work obtains enhanced outcomes when compared to the other existing techniques.
Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and General Mental Health Problems During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Iran: A Web-Based Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: Salehian Razieh , Ghanbari Jolfaei Atefeh , Naserbakht Morteza , Abdi Mahnaz
Published: September 2021

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic as a stressor can harm the community's mental health. Iran is one of the first countries to be severely affected by COVID-19 since February 2020. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the rates of COVID-19-related Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms (PTSS) and the general mental health burden among the Iranian population during the pandemic and to explore the potential influencing factors. Methods: Through a web-based cross-sectional survey, based on social media, data were collected from self-selected volunteers using a demographic information form, General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28), and Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R). Results: Among 1,910 analyzed respondents, the overall prevalence of COVID-19-related PTSS and general mental health burden was 62.4 and 43.6%, respectively. Regarding mental health, the burden was greater in the social and anxiety dimensions than in the physical and depression dimensions. The prevalence of PTSS was higher in women, younger age groups, divorced/widowed individuals, people with a history of psychiatric disorders, and those who had experienced other stressful events in the last year (P-values < 0.05). Multivariable logistic regression showed that a positive history of other stressful events and the GHQ-28 score were the potential influencing factors associated with PTSS (AOR = 2.468 and 6.007, respectively; P-values < 0.001). Conclusions: The study identified a significant mental health burden and PTSS among Iranians during the COVID-19 pandemic. Continuous assessment and monitoring of the psychological consequences of pandemics should be considered in Iran and other countries.
The Periodontal Status of Pregnant and Lactating Women in Ilam Province, Iran (2018 - 2019)
Authors: Abdal Khadijeh , Roozegar Mohammadali , Gholami Zeinab , Shafiei Elham
Published: September 2021

Background: Gingivitis and periodontitis cause the inflammation of the soft tissue around the teeth and destroy the supporting structures of the teeth. This is highly prevalent during pregnancy and lactation. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the periodontal status in pregnant and lactating women in Ilam province, Iran in 2018 - 2019. Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 100 pregnant and lactating women who were selected via cluster and stratified sampling. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and the community periodontal index of treatment needs (CPITN). Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 24 using independent t-test, chi-square, and one-way ANOVA at the significance level of 0.05. Results: The mean age of the pregnant and lactating women was 25.62 ± 5.52 and 29.08 ± 6.83 years, respectively. In total, 30% of the pregnant women had a healthy gingival, 18% had bleeding, 36% had a mass, and 16% had CPITN. As for the lactating women, 44% had a healthy gingival, 32% had bleeding, 20% had a mass, and 4% had an envelope. CPITN index II and III were significantly higher in the pregnant women compared to the lactating women. Among the pregnant women, there were 49 housewives and only one employee, while 50 of the lactating women were housewives. Conclusions: According to the results, the sample population had an unfavorable periodontal status, and the pregnant women needed more oral health education.
Three Criteria for Environmental Authenticity
Authors: Dill Kimberly M. ,   International Association for Environmental Philosophy
Published: September 2021

Broadly, I endorse the view that biodiverse species and spaces warrant conservation (partially) in virtue of their power to induce epistemic (Paul 2015; Sarkar 2011), relational, and positive, psycho-physiological transformation. However, if we are (in the not-so-distant future) able to construct cross-modally replete simulations of biodiverse environments, then what reason would we have to conserve genuine, biodiverse ecosystems? In order to address this “Simulation Problem,” I argue that the authenticity of biodiverse environments matters, both in itself and insofar as authenticity plays an important psychological, cultural, personal, and epistemic role in the lives of human agents.
Weddings and Counter-Stereotypic Couples
Authors: Terlazzo Rosa ,   Department of Philosophy, Florida State University
Published: September 2021

In this article, I argue that opposite-sex couples planning weddings have a duty to make their choices in ways that undermine the harmful norms that lead to most women taking their husband’s last names when they marry, and most weddings being extremely expensive. This duty, however, is not a duty to significantly reduce the prevalence of those norms, since doing so is generally not in the power of individual couples. Rather, it is a duty to provide observing couples around them with new live options for their own weddings.
Helping to postpone the last whimper: Adult learning and education for sustainable development in the National Energy and Climate Plans of Poland, Portugal and Slovenia
Authors: Košmerl Tadej , Gontarska Marta , Kim Yeonjoo , Guimarães Paula
Published: September 2021

The article compares discourses of the National Energy and Climate Plans (NECPs) of Poland, Portugal and Slovenia concerning the role of adult learning and education for sustainable development. NECPs are analysed through a theoretical proposal based on Escobar's (2005) and Krause's (2010) contributions, establishing three approaches to development and adult learning and education: a) a progress-oriented and aware citizen approach; b) a global, critical and transformative approach; and c) an active global and local participatory approach. Main conclusions highlight a progress-oriented and aware citizen approach in the EU-initiated NECPs. Additionally, a top-down approach is evident in the policy documents, as well as an alignment with the liberal theory of development without a deeper reflection on local contexts, evidencing a marginal role of adult learning and education.
The role of formal entrepreneurship education for the creation of a new generation of entrepreneurs
Authors: Glomazić Hajdana , Ljumović Isidora , Jakšić Krsto
Published: September 2021

Entrepreneurship is a source of economic dynamics, innovation, creation of new products and services, and the adoption of a proactive attitude towards job search instead of passively waiting for employment. The rationale behind this paper is to determine the relationship between entrepreneurship education and the creation of a new generation of entrepreneurs. The aim is to provide an answer to the question of whether entrepreneurial education in the formal education system is a factor that can shape the entrepreneurial behavior of young adults, who belong to the so-called new generation. To answer this question, we conducted a questionnaire study among the student population. The results showed that there are statistically significant differences between groups of students who had an entrepreneurial education at some point in their formal education in terms of their entrepreneurial behavior: the intention to start their own business and displaying resourcefulness, i.e. the implementation of entrepreneurial activities. The respondents who had an entrepreneurial education as part of their formal education display an intention to start their own business to a greater extent than those who did not have an entrepreneurial education and more often engage in entrepreneurial activities.
Students as creators of educational content in online adult education
Authors: Ljujić Bojan , Senić-Ružić Mirjana
Published: September 2021

Online education must be based on a rich interaction between all participants in the educational process in order to be successful. The interaction between students and educational content is important since it enables students actualize their role as creators of online educational content. For the purpose of understanding students' contribution in the context of creating online educational content, a qualitative research with students of the 2nd and the 4th year of basic andragogy studies was conducted at the Faculty of Philosophy in Belgrade within the Online Adult Education course implemented through the Moodle LMS. The paper describes one teaching unit as an example of good practice of positioning students at the very center of the online educational process. Research results confirm that by interacting with educational content students significantly contribute to the modification and production of new educational content. Important andragogical moments that transform virtual worlds into virtual educational environments were identified as a result of this interaction.
The application of the BYOD (Bring Your Own Device) concept in industry and education: Implications for a change of university practice
Authors: Trivunović Bojana , Gajić Olivera
Published: September 2021

With the development of mobile technology emerge fundamental changes in all spheres of human endeavor. In education, new methods of remote studying are being developed, with a particular emphasis on "m-learning" (learning with the help of mobile devices). Taking into consideration that mobile devices are one of the fastest-developing forms of technology, the importance of their assistance in the process of teaching and studying has been recognized. The goal of this paper is to introduce the concept of Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) in the context of industry and education as an example of disruptive technology. This concept implies that students bring their own mobile devices to the classroom and use them when learning. Using a descriptive research method and analysis of the relevant bibliography, the authors of the paper distinguish the implications for the change of university practices on the basis of critical analysis of positive and negative consequences of their use, redefined positions of the teachers and the students in the educational process, as well as the modified educational design.
The role of organisations in the professionalisation of adult educators in Germany and Slovenia
Authors: Schwarz Jörg , Mikulec Borut
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we analyse the role that adult and continuing education (ACE) organisations play in the professionalisation of adult educators (AE) by providing and shaping opportunities for primary professional education and continuing professional development in two Central European countries: Germany and Slovenia. Theoretically, our discussion draws on classical profession theory, organisation theory, and the "new professionalism" discourse; empirically, we perform a comparative analysis between two countries and discuss similarities and differences in terms of state-society contexts, professional organisations, and professionalisation organisations. Our findings indicate that professional and professionalisation organisations represent main institutionalised contexts where the professionalisation of ACE is negotiated. In Slovenia, this is supported by strong state-society contexts, whereas in Germany, traditional regional and institutional diversity is achieved at the price of a unified AE occupational profile.
Prediction of environmental activism: The role of knowledge, attitudes, affects and behaviors
Authors: Marušić-Jablanović Milica , Stanišić Jelena
Published: September 2021

The components of ecological li teracy comprise knowledge, attitudes, affect, behavior, and environmental activism. The goal of this paper is to establish whether environmental activism can be predicted on the basis of environmental knowledge, proenvironmental attitudes, affect, and behavior. In addition to this, the goal of the research is to examine to what extent individuals of different activism levels differ in terms of knowledge of basic environmental problems, expression of the attitude of ecological apathy, anthropocentrism, belonging to nature and connection with nature, as well as usual practices of pro-environmental behavior. By surveying a sample of adult respondents from Serbia who belong to a group devoted to an environmental problem (N=255), we have discovered that general environmental knowledge alone does not contribute to pro-environmental behaviors or environmental activism. The predictors of activism are pro-environmental attitudes, an affective attitude towards nature, and common pro-environmental behaviors, even though they help distinguish a group of barely active members from two groups of more active members, but they do not help distinguish those who are active in a virtual space from those who participate personally. The groups are further distinguished by other variables, such as the locus of control, values, and the phenomenon of quasi-activism. The established connection between knowledge and emotional affinity towards nature seems to represent a reciprocal relationship, and indicates that the right way to learn is to acquire knowledge, but while developing a love for nature.
Sustainable development through lifelong learning: A good practice about women entrepreneurship from Turkey
Authors: Çinkir Sadife
Published: September 2021

Women form half of the world's population, but the same cannot be said for their active participation in economic development. Sustainable, strong economies can be achieved through equally active involvement in the process by developing or keeping up to date the skills of individuals in society. This paper focuses on women's contribution to sustainable development as entrepreneurs through Lifelong Learning. The paper consists of two sections. The first section discusses the relationship between accessibility to digital age-appropriate education and sustainable development in Lifelong Learning. The second section is a good practice of the impact of the "Women First in Entrepreneurship" project on developing women's entrepreneurship. It covers the reasons for the project and its implementation process, outputs, and impact. To increase women's participation in the labor market as part of sustainable development in today's economy, the project, which began in 10 pilot provinces, is currently being implemented across Turkey. The project has been implemented under the coordination of the Turkish Directorate General for Lifelong Learning since 2015. The General Directorate of Lifelong Learning is the highest policymaking authority in Turkey to strengthen the adult education system.
One-factor model for default rates by loan type
Authors: Božović Miloš
Published: September 2021

This paper investigates the link between default rates by loan types and the systemic credit risk component. This link is described by a linear model that combines systemic and idiosyncratic contributions. The systemic component is a latent factor that depends directly on the aggregate loan default rate, while the idiosyncratic component drives specific variations of default rates across loan types. By transforming observable risk measures, the model can be econometrically represented as a mixed-effects model, where the systemic and idiosyncratic components represent, respectively, the slope and the intercept that are specific for each loan type individually. The proposed model is illustrated on a panel of defaulted loans of the Association of Serbian Banks. The obtained results show the model's very high power in explaining average default rates for all loan types. Thus, the aggregate default rate plays the role of a unique systemic component that mimics the influence of fundamental macroeconomic risk factors easily, without the necessity to model this relationship explicitly.
Information protection systems in e-banking
Authors: Bakić Darko
Published: September 2021

Because it is implemented in a network environment, electronic banking is subject to various security risks. Therefore, in order to safely use banking services electronically, it is necessary to identify potential threats through the analysis of network infrastructure and application characteristics, as well as to respond to them by applying appropriate protection measures.
Study on resistance and intact stability behavior of patrol boat using axe bow hull form to support surveillance activities in the Indonesia territorial sea
Authors: Windyandari Aulia , Yusim Adi
Published: September 2021

As a sovereign maritime country, Indonesia has an obligation to protect, maintain, and manage marine and fishery resources. Patrol boats as the primary means of monitoring marine and fishery resources are needed in response to several problems and threats that may occur, such as illegal fishing, destructive fishing, violations of zoning in fisheries conservation areas and others. Apart from having to be adequate on the number of units, the patrol boats must also have suitable technology to support pursuit operations and suppress violations. The main objective of this research is to investigate the total resistance and intact stability behavior of the developed axe bow hull geometry for the patrol boat hull. The preliminary design is started with the determination of the principal dimension of the patrol boat. Then the hull geometry configurations were made with the variation of the depth of bow and the water line spline type. In the case of the depth of bow, the bow with the additional depth of 30%, 40% and 50% of the draft was investigated. Otherwise, the water line spline type was configured as convex spline, concave spline and straight spline. According to the numerical analysis, the axe bow hull with the depth of bow of 30% and the straight spline type was presented the smallest total resistance performance. However, in the case of intact stability performance, all developed axe bow hull presented a similar righting moment lever arm (GZ curve). It is indicated that the total resistance of the axe bow hull is influenced by the depth of bow and water line spline type. Furthermore, those variables have a slight influence on intact stability performance.
Proof in the accounting control procedure
Authors: Bogavac Milanka , Todorović Vladimir , Karić Danijela , Rosić Milovan
Published: September 2021

The most important phase in legal proceedings is the stage of proving, which fully refers to the control procedure. The facts on which the decision in the control procedure is based are determined by proving. Proving is an unavoidable action in the procedure, which, among other things, implies certain knowledge of logic. It is a complex logical action, which is often in the sphere of superficial interest, because of its complexity. For these reasons, first-instance decisions in the control procedure often have more serious shortcomings - inconsistency of the dispositive of the decision with the explanation, incompleteness of the factual situation which must explain the orders in the dispositive, and even contradictions of the dispositive with the explanation of the decision. In order to overcome these omissions in practice, special attention should be paid to the issue of proving in the control procedure.
Economic aspects of the integration processes of the Republic of Serbia
Authors: Simić Milica , Vassileva Antoaneta , Aničić Anđelka
Published: September 2021

Exchange of goods and services is the most important domain of economic cooperation between the Republic of Serbia with the world and is crucial for faster growth of gross domestic product (and thus expected economic growth rates and faster social development and rising living standards) in the coming period. Due to this, paper analyses the degree of involvement of the Republic of Serbia in total world exports, its most important foreign trade partners, the degree of openness of the economy and the share of exports in gross domestic product, analyzing the period from 2008 to 2017. The aim of this paper is to study specific relations between the Republic of Serbia and its most important foreign trade partners and their interdependence with the integration processes through multilateral and bilateral cooperation with the European Union, Eurasian Economic Union, World Trade Organization and Central European Free Trade Agreement. Based on the updated statistical research and analysis of the content of the basic determinants of bilateral agreements, recommendations were given for the future development of integration processes within the European Union and the Eurasian Economic Union.
The role of social media in contemporary tourism business
Authors: Jević Jelena , Pavković Vladimir , Jević Goran
Published: September 2021

Social media represents a global phenomenon that has a great influence on society, primarily in terms of opportunities for new ways of communication that found wide application in modern business. In that sense, the paper analyzes the complex situation between social media communication and tourism. Main goal of the paper is identifying and defining the role that social media have in contemporary tourism. Methodology in the paper, related to contemporary tourism business includes: defining and analyzing social media with special emphasis on their advantages and disadvantages, then analysis and determining the importance of strategic online communication and finally identifying and analyzing the characteristics of individual social media that are of the greatest importance in this strategic process. One of the research conclusions is that the strategic approach of social media and online communication represents one of the key activities in modern tourism business. The set research goal was fulfilled through research analysis, i.e. the role of social media and strategic online communication in modern tourism business was determined, as well as characteristics of social media that have the greatest impact on it.
Lazarica in Sirinićka župa: Real and action component of the ritual
Authors: Redžić Emilija
Published: September 2021

This paper is the result of the field research in the area of Sirinićka župa, at the foot of Šara Mountain. The subject of the research is the description of the ritual called Lazarica, which is related to Lazarus Saturday. From the ethno-linguistic aspect, the real and action components of the ritual are analyzed, which provides insight into the ritual procedures and objects. Rituals are presented in the past and present, with all variants of the Lazarica ritual recorded in the field, in order to determine the differences caused by time, as well as folk beliefs and attitudes regarding different segments of the customary-ritual practice, in order to gain a more complete picture of cultural consciousness of the people in this area.
To doubt in our hearts: The substance dualism in the light of Peirce's criticism of 'The spirit of Cartesianism'
Authors: Risteski Aleksandar
Published: September 2021

In this article, the author addresses the problem of Cartesian dualism through the prism of Peirce's criticism of the 'spirit of Cartesianism'. The faith in the intuitive knowledge and the strong emphasis on individualism Peirce sees as its two main features, therefore, they are the focus of the paper. The underlying idea is to show that, in the light of the pragmatic critique, the Cartesian substance dualism appears to be foremost an epistemological and methodological problem, and not a metaphysical problem of disparate substances.
The meaning lost in translation: The problems of reaching isomorphism of meaning in the translation of the book 'Keto Clarity: Your definitive guide to the benefits or a low-carb, high-fat diet'
Authors: Boranijašević Marija
Published: September 2021

The goal of this research is to determine the level of deviation of the meaning of the translated text compared to the meaning of the original text in English which, in this case, occurs due to superficial translation. A comparative content analysis of the texts in English and Serbian is presented in the paper. The analysis that has been done is the lexical analysis. The author points to the translation problems, as well as the problems of reaching isomorphism of meaning in the very translation of the book Keto Clarity: Your Definitive Guide to the Benefits of a Low-Carb, High-Fat Diet. In the analyzed examples, the deviations from the original meaning do not represent a broader or narrower meaning of the translated text, but significant modifications of the intended meaning, while in certain cases a complete loss of the original meaning occurs.
From the anthroponymy of certain settlements on the Pešter plateau on Old Islamic tombstones (nišans) from XVIII and XIX century
Authors: Novakov Dragana , Škrijelj Redžep
Published: September 2021

Based on the collected material from Pešter, the paper analyzes personal names and nicknames extracted from the oldest epitaphs. This research covers sources dating from the 18th and 19th centuries. On this occasion, we will not present the entire anthroponymic layer of Pešter, as many of the monuments are badly damaged (broken, sunk or covered with moss). The general part of the paper includes a concise overview of the history of Pešter, the analysis of its former and present territorial span, as well as an overview of the origin of some families. The second part of the work is based on the field research and analysis of the anthroponyms read. Much of the rich epigraphic material on Pešter has not been scientifically researched to date, which is the case with the inscriptions on the grave notes that form the subject of this paper.
Autopoetic sculpting of Stevan Raičković: Poetic self-consciousness in the poem cycle 'Razgovor sa ilovačom' and the poem 'Iz mraka te, pesmo, zovem, iz ničega'
Authors: Marinkov Jelena
Published: September 2021

In this paper, we have analyzed the manifestations of poetic self-consciousness in the poetry of Stevan Raičković in the poem cycle Razgovor sa ilovačom and in the poem from the poetry collection Verses, Iz mraka te, pesmo, zovem, iz ničega. By semantically shaping the motif of the loam, the poetic complementarity between the poem and the cycle was established-the ideal of the poem as sculpture and the meta-lyrical reflection of the poet, evoked by observing the transformation of his own character into a bust. The poem Iz mraka te, pesmo, zovem, iz ničega evokes a symbolic attempt to sculpt the poem, based on visual imagination. Explicit autopoiesis is manifested in this poem-the poetic self-consciousness tries to view the poetic text as a matter that can be manually shaped, and in the end reaches a conclusion about the incompatibility of the means of expression and the assumed result. In the cycle Razgovor sa ilovačom, the means by which the poem is supposed to be materialized also appears to be incompatible with poetic contents, and lyrical subject expresses doubts about the constitutive power of language. The discrepancy between the stativity of the sculpture and the dynamism of the inner life, however, causes a return to words. Self-referentiality in the cycle Razgovor sa ilovačom indicates the implicit autopoiesis manifested in the treatment of the relationship between life and art and the problematization of equivalence between nature and poetry: because the poet tries to fix phenomena from life in the poem, just like the sculptor, he moves away from the dynamism of life. Interpreting the way in which the motif of the loam is shaped in relation to the theme of poetry, demonstrates the development of poetic self-awareness and doubts about the possibility of writing an authentic poem.
Prediction of the mental toughness of the athletes based on personality traits
Authors: Zubić Ivana
Published: September 2021

The aim of this research is to examine the connection between mental toughness of athletes and their personality traits. The research sample consists of 100 athletes who participate in sports competitions. Mental Toughness was measured by Sports Mental Toughness Questionnaire (SMTQ), HEXACO personality traits by HEXACO-60. The results showed statistically significant positive correlations between honesty on one side and self-confidence (r= 0,31, p<0,01), consistency (r= 0,45, p<0,01), control (r= 0,34, p<0,01) and overall mental toughness (r= 0,46, p<0,01) on other. There were also statistically significant positive correlations between extraversion and self-confidence (r = 0,39, p <0,01), consistency (r = 0,62, p <0,01), control (r = 0,30, p <0,01) and total mental toughness (r = 0,44, p <0,01). Statistically significant positive correlations were also found between conscientiousness and self-confidence (r = 0,30, p <0,01), consistency (r = 0,58, p <0,01), control (r = 0,23, p < 0,01) and total mental toughness (r = 0,52, p <0,01). Statistically significant negative correlations were found between emotionality on one hand and self-confidence (r= -0,37, p<0,01), consistency (r= -0,46, p<0,01), control (r= -0,46, p<0,01) and overall mental strength (r= -0,54, p<0,01) on the other. While correlations of agreeableness and openness to experience on one side and self-confidence, consistency, control, and overall mental toughness on the other were not statistically significant. Multiple regression analysis was performed with the aim of predicting the mental toughness of athletes based on their personality traits. Of the total variability of mental toughness, 34% of variability can be explained based on personality traits of athletes. The results showed that statistically significant predictor of mental toughness was emotionality. Partial contributions of other personality traits were not statistically significant. This study contributes to the understanding of which personality traits of athletes contribute to mental toughness, a coping mechanism when faced with challenges and reacting in competitive situations.
The bee symbolism in Sylvia Plath's poetics: Between rational and inspiration
Authors: Mušović Azra
Published: September 2021

Contemporary American poetess of confessional orientation, Sylvia Plath, was often in her career torn between the rational role-models and creative inspiration. This tension is most evident in Plath's metaphors, in which her desire for control and understanding is confronted to the limitations of language to signify the unspoken. The paper aims at presenting symbolic (psychological, religious) semantics of bees in the author's literary oeuvre. The bees are an appropriate, uncrystallized medium; like language, they resist comparison through their transformative power. The bee becomes a personal emblem of the poetess; it represents the culmination and reconciliation of the classical and rational influences in her poetics. The cyclical nature of the bee poems follows the pattern of symbolic death and rebirth-signifying a regeneration-the spring of a new life. Although the spring will inevitably lead one more time to winter and death, the bee as a medium has a liberating quality for the poetess, signifying vitality and authenticity that remain the ultimate values of her art.