bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Exploring Student Perceptions on Teacher-Students Interaction and Classrooms Learning Environments in Indonesian Mathematics Classrooms
Authors: Karnasih Ida , Wahyudi Wahyudi
Published: January 2021

Research studies in education that focus on classrooms and school-level learningenvironments have escalated and produced promising findings that lead to enhancement of the teaching and learning process. The present study reports on the research findings on associations between students’ perceptions of their teacher interaction, classroom learning environment and students’ outcomes. A sample of 946 students from 43 classes in Indonesia schools completed a survey including the Questionnaire on Teacher Interaction (QTI), What is Happening in This Class (WIHIC) and a scale relating to their attitude towards mathematics classes. Statistical analysis shows that the reliability and validity ofthe WIHIC and the QTI were confirmed. Cronbach alpha coefficients ranged from 0.66 to 0.85 and from 0.62 to 0.92 for the actual and preferred versions of the Indonesian version QTI, respectively. For the Indonesian version of WIHIC, Cronbach alpha coefficients of seven scales ranged from 0.80 to 0.91 for actual version, and from 0.78 to 0.92 preferred versions. The relationships of classroom environment and interpersonal teacher behaviour with students' attitudinal outcome were identified. Finally, suggestions on the use of the two instruments for teacher professional development were offered.
Joyful And Meaningful Learning In Mathematics Classroom Through Internet Activities
Authors: Patahuddin Sitti Maesuri
Published: January 2021

This paper arises from the author experiences over the last eight years with regards to investigating how the Internet could be used as a tool for mathematics learning, mathematics teaching as well as for professional development. This paper illustrates three main categories of the potential of the Internet for learning: the Internet for information, the Internet for communication, the Internet for collaboration, followed by a description on how the use of the Internet could make learning mathematics interesting and meaningfully. Lastly, through the use of a case study and my experiences working with group of students using the Internet, I argue that the success of integrating the Internet into mathematics teaching and learning depends very much on teachers’ knowledge and their philosophical beliefs about learning and teaching, learners, mathematics, and technology.
A Model Eliciting Framework For Integrating Mathematics And Robotics Learning
Authors: Nutchey David
Published: January 2021

Robotics is taught in many Australian ICT classrooms, in both primary and secondary schools. Robotics activities, including those developed using the LEGO Mindstorms NXT technology, are mathematics-rich and provide a fertile ground for learners to develop and extend their mathematical thinking. However, this context for learning mathematics is often under-exploited. In this paper a variant of the model construction sequence (Lesh, Cramer, Doerr, Post, & Zawojewski, 2003) is proposed, with the purpose of explicitly integrating robotics and mathematics teaching and learning. Lesh et al.’s model construction sequence and the model eliciting activities it embeds were initially researched in primary mathematics classrooms and more recently in university engineering courses. The model construction sequence involves learners working collaboratively upon product-focussed tasks, through which they develop and expose their conceptual understanding. The integrating model proposed in this paper has been used to design and analyse a sequence ofactivities in an Australian Year 4 classroom. In that sequence more traditional classroom learning was complemented by the programming of LEGO-based robots to ‘act out’ the addition and subtraction of simple fractions (tenths) on a number-line. The framework was found to be useful for planning the sequence of learning and, more importantly, provided the participating teacher with the ability to critically reflect upon robotics technology as a tool to scaffold the learning of mathematics.
Exploring Challenges in Integrating ICT in Secondary Mathematics with TPACK
Authors: Stoilescu Dorian
Published: January 2021

This paper describes challenges encountered by three experienced secondary mathematics teachers when they try to integrate ICT in their classrooms. This study is based on the four dimension framework developed by Niess: 1) overarching conceptions of integrating ICT, 2) knowledge of instructional strategies and representations for teaching, 3) knowledge of students’ knowledge of technology; and 4) knowledge of curriculum and curriculum materials that integrate technology with learning. By using this analysis, we explore the challenges that teachers face on each of the four levels of integration ICT and suggest waysof improving these strategies in mathematical instruction.
Educating the Educators: Technology-Enhanced Mathematics Teaching and Learning
Authors: Kin Leong Chee
Published: January 2021

Educational research has shown that teaching quality is one of the most important factors in raising student achievement. There is a compelling need for educators to keep abreast of the important developments that are taking place in educational arena. One of the educational areas that has massive development is the use of technology to enhance teaching and learning especially in mathematics. This development needs professional developmentamong educators. Being a regional science and mathematics education centre, the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organisation Regional Centre for Education in Science and Mathematics (SEAMEO RECSAM) has always been cognizant of the importance of these developments. Its training programmes are planned to incorporate these developments for in-service teachers, teacher educators and ministry of education mathematics officers. As the Centre's mandate aims to ensure that these participants from Southeast Asians countriesas well as those from outside the region are equipped with emerging educationaltechnology tools which can enhance teaching and learning of mathematics. This paper will share the Centre’s experiences in continuing professional development among mathematics teacher, teacher educators and officers from the ministry of education on educational innovation and technology.
How Can SEAMEO QITEP in Mathematics Help Indonesian Mathematics Teachers to Help Their Students to be Independent Learners in the Case of Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR)?
Authors: Shadiq Fadjar
Published: January 2021

There are a number of disasters threats in Indonesia, such as earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, fires, landslides and floods. When a natural hazard strikes, children are among the most vulnerable population group, especially those attending school in the times of disaster. What people know is more important than what they have when it comes to saving lives and reducing loss. It implies that students should also learn DRR during the teaching and learning of mathematics. This paper reports on a number of studies conducted by SEAMEO QITEP across the years 2012 – 2015 that attempted to improve both teachers and students learningoutcomes.
RESPONSABILIZAÇÃO CRIMINAL DO EMPREGADO POR OMISSÃO PERANTE OREGULAMENTO INTERNO DA EMPRESA
Authors: Braghirolli Luiz Filipe de Andrade Neves
Published: January 2021

Este artigo tem como objetivo realizar uma análise crítica acerca dos deveres do garantidor, bem como de suas possíveis origens. Dentre as possíveis fontes do dever de agir será abordado neste estudo o valor do regulamento interno de uma empresa para a responsabilização criminal de um funcionário, bem como será feita uma abordagem a respeito da própria natureza do contrato de trabalho. O intuito é que ao fim deste artigo se consiga chegar a alguma conclusão de como o regulamento interno e o contrato de trabalho podem afetar os deveres de conduta de um empregado e até que ponto estes deveres poderão ensejar uma responsabilidade criminal do mesmo.
A UTILIZAÇÃO DE INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL NO PODER JUDICIÁRIO BRASILEIRO COMO EXERCÍCIO DE SUSTENTABILIDADE
Authors: Staats Sabrina , Morais Fausto Santos de
Published: January 2021

O trabalho discorre acerca da inserção da Inteligência Artificial no âmbito jurídico e a relação com a sustentabilidade social e jurídico-política, expressa por meio da celeridade processual. Diante disso, o problema de pesquisa do trabalho reside em saber como a utilização da IA no Judiciário pode ser considerado um exercício de sustentabilidade? Trabalhando com a hipótese de que o principal objetivo da utilização de IA no Judiciário é a duração razoável do processo, pela celeridade e eficiência, assim sendo uma forma de sustentabilidade social. O objetivo do trabalho é apresentar como a IA está sendo utilizada pelo Judiciário brasileiro e verificar se a celeridade e eficiência são formas de sustentabilidade social. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio do método dedutivo, com a técnica de pesquisa de revisão bibliográfica.
Biodiversity and seasonal distribution of Cullicoides spp. examined in NIVS Belgrade during 2019
Authors: Pavlović Ivan , Stanojević Slobodan , Zdravković Nemanja , Radovanović Oliver
Published: January 2021

Continuous entomological monitoring of Cullicoides spp., which is being conducted starting from 2014 have so far yielded significant results related to biodiversity and seasonal dynamics of these insects Serbia. The research we have done so far has contributed to mapping the geographical distribution of the species we encounter as well as the variations in the number of populations in different years. As monitoring continues, we receive new valuable data every year that will help predict the movement of these insects on the basis of biclimatograms and enable preventative action to be taken to counteract them. Unfortunately, starting in 2019, monitoring has been split into three institutions (NIVS Belgrade, NIV Novi Sad and VSI Kraljevo) so that this has lost insight into the biodiversity, sex ratio, and most importantly the age of the females that are the primary vectors. In our work, therefore, we can provide only the results of testing the biodiversity and seasonal dynamics of Cullicoides spp. during 2019 in the epizootiological area of NIVS Belgrade, VSI Šabac, VSI Pančevo, VSI Požarevac, and VSI Zaječar, while we did not divide samples from VSI Jagodina for the fourth consecutive year.  Culicoides spp. from Obsoletus complexes were established at 59.91%, from the Pulicaris complex were established at 34.06% and other types of culicoids have been established in less than 10% of the examined samples.
A brief overview of emergencies and dissemination of Shiga-toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104 in humans and food producing animals
Authors: Velhner Maja , Velebit Branko , Todorović Dalibor , Pelić Miloš , Vidaković Knežević Suzana , Prunić Bojana , Milanov Dubravka
Published: January 2021

Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (STDT104) are foodborne pathogens of public health significance. It is less known that Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (with cattle being the most probable natural reservoir) can be isolated from pigs, sheep and wildlife as well. The basic information about detection of Shiga-toxin-producing genes in STEC as well as the origin of Salmonella Typhimurium definite phage type 4 (STDT4) the virulence and resistance mechanisms including their distribution in the world is presented. Due to the foodborne transmission mechanisms we emphasize the role of veterinary scientist in Serbia in implementing good management practice on animal farms and in strengthening laboratory diagnostic capacities.
The academic climate and student-teacher relationship as determinants of academic motivation
Authors: Toma Ruxandra
Published: January 2021

In this study we focus on the university students and the factors that influence their academic motivation. The participants were 202 students from different universities and specializations, 167 females and 35 males, aged 18-31 years, M = 21.33, SD = 2.15. We used Perceived Academic Climate Scale (Felner, 1993), Teacher-Student Relationship Scale (Brinkworth et al., 2018), and Academic Motivation Scale (Vallerand et al., 1992). Our objective was to identify the relationship between academic climate, teacher-student relationship (TSR), and academic motivation in the university environment, and to investigate the influence of the career anxiety on the academic motivation of students. The results show that anxiety regarding future career can moderate the relationship between school climate and academic amotivation and also between TSR and academic motivation.
THE ROLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION POLICY AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE IN THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 4.0: A PERSPECTIVE FROM INDONESIA
Authors: Nugraha Yudha Dwi
Published: January 2021

The development of digital technology has disrupted a variety of human activities, not only as a driving force for the economy but also in the fields of science and technology and higher education. The industrial revolution 4.0 era has influenced higher education policy, teaching, and development of management science in universities. This article focuses to discuss the role of higher education policy and the development of management science in the era of industrial revolution 4.0. Based on theoretical studies and relevant literature reviews, the author argued that the challenges of the industrial revolution 4.0 must be responded quickly and appropriately by all stakeholders to be able to anticipate changes in the world and increase the competitiveness of the Indonesian college student in the midst of global competition. The management science curriculum development must emphasize the fields of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics. Management science should refer to learning based on information and communication technology, the internet of things, big data, and computerization. Furthermore, management science is expected to create higher thinking order skills (HOTS) for higher education students. Finally, management science is also expected to provide teaching and have noble values, spiritual values, wisdom, and the element of human touch.
The Impact of Privatization on Cash Flows in the Saudi Government Sector: A Case Study of the Ministry of Environment and Water
Authors: Al-Dossary Mohammed
Published: January 2021

الملخص:
هدفت هذه الدراسة لبيان أثر سياسة الخصخصة على التدفقات النقدية في القطاع الحكومي السعودي، حيث تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي التحليلي من أجل تحقيق الهدف من الدراسة، كما أن الدراسة حاولت اختبار فرضيتين تشير الأولى إلى أن للخصخصة أثر إيجابي على التدفقات النقدية في القطاع الحكومي السعودي، أما الفرضية الثانية فتشير الى أن للخصخصة أثر سلبي على التدفقات النقدية في القطاع الحكومي السعودي، وقد تكون مجتمع الدراسة من جميع المؤسسات الحكومية السعودية التي تم خصخصتها في الفترة الماضية، وتم أخذ عمليات الخصخصة التي تمت في وزارة البيئة والمياه كعينة لهذا المجتمع. وقد توصلت الدراسة الى أن لتطبيق سياسة الخصخصة أثر إيجابي على التدفقات الحكومية، حيث ساهمت هذه السياسة في خفض الانفاق الحكومي وزيادة الإيرادات الحكومية، وقد أوصت الدراسة بضرورة تركيز الحكومة السعودية على أساليب الخصخصة التي لا تسند لعمليات البيع بل احتفاظ الحكومة بملكية المشاريع وإدارتها بأسلوب القطاع الخاص، مع ضرورة إبراز الجوانب الإيجابية لهذه السياسة للمجتمع من أجل كسب التأييد المجتمعي لهذه السياسة.

الكلمات المفتاحية: الخصخصة، التدفقات النقدية، القطاع الحكومي، وزارة البيئة والمياة، السعودية

RESEARCH ARTICLE
The Impact of Privatization on Cash Flows in the Saudi Government Sector: A Case Study of the Ministry of Environment and Water

Mohammed Marzouq Mefleh Al-Dossary
Researcher - Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

This study aimed to demonstrate the impact of the privatization policy on the cash flows in the Saudi government sector, where the descriptive analytical approach was used in order to achieve the objective of the study. The study tested two hypotheses, the first indicating that privatization has a positive impact on the cash flows in the Saudi government sector, while the second hypothesis indicates that privatization has a negative impact on the cash flows in the Saudi government sector. The study community consisted of all Saudi government institutions that have been privatized in the past period, and the privatization processes that took place in the Ministry of Environment and Water were taken as a sample for this community. The study concluded that the application of the privatization policy has a positive impact on government flows, as this policy contributed to reducing government spending and increasing government revenue, and the study recommended that the Saudi government should focus on privatization methods that are not assigned to sales operations but the government retains ownership and management of projects in the private sector style. The study stressed that there is a need to highlight the positive aspects of this policy to society in order to gain societal support for this policy.
Keywords: privatization, cash flow, government sector, Ministry of Environment and Water, Saudi Arabia
PROCESS OPTIMIZATION OF FRP SANDWICH COMPOSITE STRUCTURE FOR ENGINEERING APPLICATION
Authors: DAS SATYA RANJAN , CHOUDHRY SANJAY , KUMAR VIJAI
Published: January 2021

“Composites are the combination of a reinforcement fibre in a thermoset polymer resin matrix, where the reinforcement has an aspect ratio that enables the transfer of loads between fibres, and the fibres are chemically bonded to the resin matrix.” FRP (fibre reinforced plastic) Sandwich structure are defined as a three layer type of construction a thick layer known as core and two thin polymer layer known as face . In automobile and aerospace industries FRP composites are used due to numerous advantage like mechanical, chemical, thermal properties and light weight. The mechanical, thermal
chemical properties can be optimize by stabilizing the core[1][2]. For this study various raw material characterization done .Aluminium honeycomb used as a Core material (25mm thick) and Epoxy prepreg (layer used as a face sheet material) & PU foam provide housing for core [5]. The experiment conducted according to raw material characterization test report . by autoclave curing At a particular temperature, pressure ,vacuum with respect to time process optimized ,sandwich cured and stabilized. Finally the test conducted According to ASTMD & DIN standard as a result it shows that the stabilized FRP sandwich having excellent mechanical properties compare to core crushing FRP sandwich.
Reliability Estimation Model for Software Components Using CEP
Authors: Chinnaiyan R. , Somasundaram S.
Published: January 2021

This paper presents a graphical complexity measure based approach with an illustration for estimating the reliability of software component. This paper also elucidates how the graph-theory concepts are applied in the field of software programming. The control graphs of several actual software components are described and the correlation between intuitive complexity and the graph-theoretic complexity are illustrated. Several properties of the graph theoretic complexity are presented which shows that the software component complexity depends only on the decision structure. A symbolic reliability model for component based software systems from the execution path of software components connected in series, parallel or mixed configuration network structure is presented with a crisp narration of the factors which influence computation of the overall reliability of component based software systems. In this paper, reliability estimation model for software components using Component Execution Paths (CEP) based on graph theory is elucidated.
DCS - The Best Platform for Automation of Process Industries
Authors: Babu J. Jeyanth , Pravin M. Vijay , Vignesh K. S.
Published: January 2021

Process industries have gone through many changes over the years. Right from the microprocessors, PLC, SCADA the automation is steeply increasing. Many process industries are not properly automated. Hence man power, hazards, money spent and maintenance are also high. So in order to avoid all problems automation is very essential. Every process industry must be properly automated with DCS. Here we have come up with a proposal to automate cement mill in a cement industry using DCS with an interlock.
VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF A ROTATING TAPERED COMPOSITE BEAM WITH TIP MASS
Authors: VASUDEVAN R. , PARTHASARADHI B.
Published: January 2021

In this study, free vibration responses of a rotating tapered composite beam with tip mass are investigated. The energy expressions for the kinetic and potential energies of a rotating composite beam with tip mass have been formulated. The energy expressions are then applied in Lagrange’s equations to develop the equation of motion of a composite beam with tip mass. The stiffness and mass matrices for a standard composite beam element with two end nodes with two degrees of freedom at each node are derived. Various parametric studies are performed to investigate the effect of tip mass and the rotational speed on the variation of natural frequencies of the composite beam. The investigations are also done to study the effect of hub radius on the natural frequencies. It is shown that the addition of tip mass increases the stiffness of the structure and consequently increases the natural frequencies.
DESIGN OF COOLING SYSTEM FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC PANEL FOR INCREASING ITS ELECTRICAL EFFICIENCY
Authors: GARDAS BHASKAR B. , TENDOLKAR M.V
Published: January 2021

Photovoltaic solar cell generates electricity by receiving solar irradiance. The temperature of photovoltaic modules increases when it absorbs solar radiation, causing a decrease in efficiency. This undesirable effect can be partially avoided by applying a heat recovery unit with fluid circulation with the photovoltaic module. Such unit is called photovoltaic/thermal collector (PV/T) or hybrid (PV/T). The objective of the present work is to design a system for cooling the solar cell in order to increase its electrical efficiency and also to extract the heat energy. A hybrid solar system which generates both electricity and heat energy simultaneously is studied. This hybrid system consists of PV cells attached to an absorber plate with fins attached at the other side of the absorber surface. Simulation model for single pass, single duct solar collector with fins is prepared and performance curves are obtained. Performance with seven different gases analysed for maximum heat transfer, minimum mass flow rate & minimum number of fins. Hydrogen is found to be the most suitable option with the present. For hydrogen, the system requires a mass flow rate of 0.00275 kg/s, which is the least amongst all. Theoretical number of fins required in this case is found out to be 3.46.
FRICTIONAL POWER MINIMIZATION IN PARTIALLY TEXTURED PISTON RING ASSEMBLY
Authors: ASHWIN AARON. M. , SASHIDHAR AKASH
Published: January 2021

A significant share i.e. 60% of the total power loss in a modern automotive engine in form of heat, either from the engine surface or the exhaust pipe, of which the friction losses may vary from 18% to 20% and frictional losses are also responsible for about 25% of the fuel consumption. It is noted that almost 80% of the frictional losses are due to the frictional losses in the piston ring assembly (PRA). That leaves less than one quarter of the indicated power in terms of brake power. This paper analyses different methods developed by the automobile industries in order to reduce the friction power losses it may be in form of the development of better lubricants, design and partial laser surface texturing (LST) of the piston rings.
FEA BASED ANALYSIS OF SHACKLE FOR OFFSHORE APPLICATION
Authors: GAJI RAHUL R. , TELSANG M.T.
Published: January 2021

Nowadays Oil exploration in offshore area is responsible for increasingly greater percentage of production in the world. So mooring Systems play key role. Failure of a single component in a mooring line can produce incalculable damages. Due to environmental loading the mooring changes its position. Each component in the mooring are subjected to angular tensions from top and bottom. It produces strong non linearity in the components. Shackle is the critical part of this mooring system. Analysis of shackle is carried out by consideration of variation in angle from 1˚ to 5˚ in Plane and Out of Plane with ANSYS 12. An attempt has been made to analyze the effect of force angle on proof load. As the variation in angle increases from 1˚ to 5˚, proof load decreses. Validation of results are carried out by using horizontal UTM.
SPECIES TRANSPORT IN DIFFUSER INDUCED CYLINDER
Authors: DIINESH N.S. , PADMANABHAN K.S.ANANTHA , MATHEW S.ANISH
Published: January 2021

Engines are the devices which can produce a huge amount of energy and can move heavy things such as automobiles and ships. Usually the power which is being produced by a engine varies directly with the amount of fuel combusted in the combustion chamber. Over the years much new technological advancement were made to increase the power output from the engine. This includes the incorporation of systems such as turbochargers, superchargers, ECU’s etc. These devices consume some power to increase the output from the engine. The modification proposed will increase the torque and the power output from the engine without consuming any power. This is achieved by incorporating a diffuser shape in the cylinder block which increases the pressure acting on the piston head thus increasing the engine rating without the help of external devices. In this paper the modified cylinder block has been created using CATIA and then its flow properties are analysed using CFD and the results are compared with a engine having a normal cylinder block .It is seen that the ratings of the modified cylinder are higher than the ratings of the unmodified cylinder.
Urban Resources Initiative: A University Model for Clinical Urban Forestry Education
Authors: Scanlan Caroline , Doroski Danica , Murphy-Dunning Colleen , Ashton Mark
Published: January 2021

As urban land cover increases around the globe, it is increasingly important to train competent urban forestry professionals for the future. Urban Resources Initiative (URI), a program of the Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies and an affiliated New Haven-based nonprofit, has provided field experience and learning opportunities for professional graduate students in urban and community forestry for over 25 years. URI’s clinical training programs are uniquely designed to equip students with both technical skills and social competencies. They do this by working with local residents, municipal staff, and community leaders to promote community-based land and tree stewardship, restore neglected open spaces, and build social cohesion in urban neighborhoods. We used a mixed-method approach, which included semi-structured interviews with current and past URI interns as well as an online survey, to determine long-term impacts and learning outcomes from URI’s clinical training programs. We also evaluated archival program documents to examine key programmatic features and confirm interview and survey trends. Survey and interview responses revealed that in addition to having gained key technical field skills, interns also obtained skill sets associated with the social dimensions of urban forestry. One-third of survey respondents identified effective “strategies for community engagement” as the most significant learning outcome from their internship experience. URI’s program can serve as a unique and effective model for clinical training in urban forestry higher education, particularly for universities and nongovernment organizations interested in integrating a stronger social or community engagement component to their programs and curricula.
CAMARADA FREIRE
Authors: McLaren Peter
Published: January 2021

Este artigo é uma reflexão pessoal e poética sobre a obra de Paulo Freire. Esta reflexão pessoal apresenta o contexto para a introdução do impacto que Paulo Freire teve na educação e sua relevância para a educação em todo o mundo. O foco deste capítulo é o conceito de práxis de Freire e seu impacto sobre os jovens manifestantes de hoje. O capítulo resume em grandes pinceladas as mensagens centrais da obra de Freire para o autor.
ARQUEOLOGÍA DEL DOLOR. UN (RE)ENCUENTRO CON PAULO FREIRE E IVÁN ILLICH PARA APRENDER DEL SUFRIMIENTO
Authors: Soneira Miguel Salas , Balaguer Asun Pié
Published: January 2021

El presente texto recupera herramientas para una pedagogía de la liberación y promoción de la intersubjetividad dañada en el campo de la salud mental. Nuestra lectura actualizada de Paulo Freire se articula en diálogo con los aportes de Iván Illich y su posición crítica con la patologización del sufrimiento. Ambos autores nos permiten fundamentar una praxis en el campo de la salud mental que hemos llamado arqueología del dolor. Para ello, en primer lugar, se abordan las relaciones entre opresión y salud mental dando cuenta de la colonización de los cuerpos y las mentes por la vía de la sustracción del saber lego, la psiquiatrización y sobremedicación. En segundo lugar, se abordan las prescripciones y adherencias para comprender qué aspectos de la actuación socioeducativa en salud mental asumen la forma de discursos y prácticas de carácter opresivo y qué claves pedagógicas freirianas se pueden tomar en consideración a efectos de revertir dicha condición. En tercer lugar, se presentan las especificidades de los mitos, discursos y prácticas institucionalizadas que reproducen y mantienen la opresión de los sujetos psiquiatrizados, así como algunas condiciones para su liberación; a saber, la recuperación de la palabra y la construcción simbólica de las propias historias de vida. Finalmente, se expone la experiencia de transformación que está suponiendo el movimiento internacional de Hearing Voices como ejemplo de liberación frente a la opresión biomédica.
How to Lie with Coronavirus Statistics: Campbell's Law and Measuring the Effects of COVID-19
Authors: Best Joel
Published: January 2021

Campbell's Law warns that when measurements become consequential those whose performance is being measured may try to skew the results. This case study examines the Trump administration's efforts to present COVID-19 statistics that would discourage restricting economic activities and encourage reopening the economy.
When ‘negativity’ becomes obstructive: a novel exploration of the two-factor model of the Self-Compassion Scale and a comparison of self-compassion and self-criticism interventions
Authors: Mantzios Michail , Koneva Anastasija , Egan Helen
Published: January 2021

Background

Self-compassion is a tendency to respond to personal feelings of distress in a kind and understanding way, and to become aware that facing difficulties and adversity is part of a common human experience that is shared by all hu-mans. The Self Compassion Scale (SCS) includes negative items measuring self-judgement, isolation and over-identification, which are at the opposite end of the spectrum to self-kindness, common humanity and mindfulness. Some researchers have argued that the link between self-compassion and psychopathology is inflated by the inclu-sion of these negative items. Moving away from factorial structures and advanced statistics used in recent research, we present a different way of exploring the conceptualisation of self-compassion theory and the way it is measured.

Participants and procedure

Study 1 set out to support the inclusion (or exclusion) of the negative items within the SCS, by investigating the cor-relation between the negative items and the positive items altered to reflect the exact opposite of the original posi-tive items of the scale (i.e., self-unkindness, disjointed humanity, and mindlessness). Study 2 was an experiment exploring differences between self-compassion and self-criticism 5-minute interventions on state self-compassion, state mindfulness and state anxiety. The interventions were separated to represent the positive or negative ele-ments, rather than a mixture of the interventions.

Results

If the main argumentation against the use of the overall score of the self-compassion scale is the inflation of the neg-ative items, then the results support the inclusion of the negative items within the SCS, as the altered positive items show a similar inflation to the original negative items when observing a significant positive relationship. No differ-ences were found between the two interventions and the overall scores; nevertheless, mindfulness and self-judgment subscales appeared to significantly change only for the self-compassion group.

Conclusions

While the debate around the self-compassion scale continues, the literature emphasizing self-criticism does not translate into inflation as suggested, and does not propose effective practices. Explanations of findings, limitations and suggestions for future research are discussed.
The influence of playing position on the physical, technical, and network variables of sub-elite professional soccer athletes
Authors: Praça Gibson , Diniz Laura Beatriz Faleiro , Clemente Filipe Manuel , Glória Teles Bredt Sarah Da , Couto Bruno , Andrade André Gustavo Pereira de , Owen Adam Lee
Published: January 2021

Purpose

Match analysis must adopt multidimensional performance indicators, which include analysing playing position
influence in official matches. The study compared physical, technical, and network variables of Brazilian soccer athletes
from different positions.

Methods

Overall, 17 professional soccer athletes (3 central defenders, 4 fullbacks, 5 central midfielders, 3 wide forwards,
2 central forwards) were monitored during 6 official matches. External load data were collected with a 10-Hz GPS device.
The number of passes, shots, losses of ball possession, and balls recovered were coded. Athletes’ network centralities were
assessed with social network analysis.

Results

Central midfielders (10.0 ± 0.8 km) and wide forwards (10.4 ± 0.4 km) covered higher distances than central
defenders (10.2% and 14.7%, respectively; ES = 0.392) and central forwards (16.7% and 21.5%, respectively; ES = 0.392).
Wide forwards performed more high-intensity running (17.8 ± 2.5) than central defenders (91.4%; ES = 0.377) and forwards
(88.9%; ES = 0.377). Central defenders (43.1 ± 22.3) and fullbacks (41.5 ± 17.3) performed more passes than forwards
(453.4% and 470.0%, respectively; ES = 0.383). Central defenders (0.16 ± 0.04 AU) and fullbacks (0.14 ± 0.05 AU) presented
a higher degree of centrality than all other positions (ES = 0.651). Wide forwards presented a higher degree of prestige (0.13
± 0.05 AU) than central defenders (325%; ES = 0.242). The highest prominence was observed for wide (0.12 ± 0.01 AU)
and central forwards (0.12 ± 0.03 AU) (ES = 0.509).

Conclusions

Physical and technical responses and network properties are position-specific among sub-elite athletes.
Serve efficiency development indicates an extended women’s tennis world class cohort: Analysing 14 years of Ladies Wimbledon Championships – implications for coaching
Authors: Grambow Ralph , O`Shannessy Craig , Born Philipp , Meffert Dominik , Vogt Tobias
Published: January 2021

Purpose

How crucial is good serving to succeed in modern days women’s world class tennis? The study aimed to systematically analyse serve efficiency and serving behaviour in elite women’s tennis over a course of 14 years to identify possible trainings patterns.

Methods

Analyses included historical data collected from all matches at the Ladies Wimbledon Championships between 2002 and 2015 (matches: n = 1771; service games: n = 37,717; serves: n = 248,135). The study focused on two main comparisons, serve efficiency development between 2002 and 2015 and possible differences inside the women’s tennis world class, i.e. by comparing 1st tournament week results (matches: n = 1562; service games: n = 33,150; serves: n = 218,028) and 2nd tournament week results (matches: n = 209; service games: n = 4567; serves: n = 30,107).

Results

An increase over time has been observed for the percentages of service games won (p < 0.001), 1st service points won (p < 0.05), and aces served (p < 0.01), whereas double faults served (p < 0.05) and serve and volley points played (p < 0.001) decreased significantly. Direct comparisons of the 1st and 2nd tournament week results favour players competing in the 2nd tournament week, showing significant advantages in the percentages of service games won (p < 0.01), 1st service points won (p < 0.05) and aces served (p < 0.001).

Conclusions

An increased serve efficiency over time was observed, particularly for 1st tournament week results, indicating
a more extended women’s world class cohort. However, direct comparisons favour players competing in the 2nd tournament
week.
Are vertical jump height and power output correlated to physical performance in different sports? An allometric approach
Authors: Pupo Juliano Dal , Ache-Dias Jonathan , Kons Rafael Lima , Detanico Daniele
Published: January 2021

Purpose

This study aimed to analyse the relationship between vertical jump parameters – jump height (JH), peak power
output (PPO), and mean power output (MPO) – and specific physical performance in different sports using the allometric
approach. In this sense, it was verified whether scaled power output for body mass might have a stronger correlation with
physical performance than raw power output.

Methods

The study involved 52 male athletes (21 judokas, 18 futsal players, and 13 sprint runners). They performed the
following tests: vertical jumps (countermovement and squat), specific physical tests for judo (Special Judo Fitness Test),
repeated sprint ability for futsal players, and sprint running (20 m and 200 m) for runners. A specific allometric exponent
for PPO and MPO was established. Pearson’s correlation was used to determine the relationship between physical tests
and vertical jump parameters for absolute and allometric scales.

Results

Moderate to very large correlations were found between physical performance and JH (r: 0.47–0.87), PPO (r: 0.47–0.75),
and MPO (r: 0.49–0.81). Considering power output scaled for body mass, the correlation between jump parameters and
physical performance was greater than absolute values, in which the r values ranged 0.46–0.81 for PPO and 0.52–0.84 for MPO.

Conclusions

JH and power output seem to correlate in a similar magnitude with physical performance tests for most
variables and sports analysed. From a practical point of view, coaches and physical trainers are encouraged to use JH to
monitor training, considering the cost of equipment and practicality.
Traumatic stress as a mediator of quality of life and burden in informal caregivers of amputees due to diabetic foot: a longitudinal study
Authors: Costa Suelly , Ferreira Joana , Leite Ângela , Pereira M.
Published: January 2021

Background

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DMT2) is frequently associated with complications that can lead to lower limb ampu-tation, being the second major cause of amputation. The amputee becomes dependent on caregivers, who are often unprepared for this new role and face many challenges. Caregiving influences several dimensions of the caregiver’s life. This study evaluates the mediating role of traumatic stress in the relationship between caregiv-er perceived stress and burden/quality of life (QoL) taking also into consideration the duration of caregiving and whether the caregiver receives help in caregiving tasks, in informal caregivers of amputees due to diabetic foot over a 10 month period.

Participants and procedure

The sample consisted of 110 informal caregivers of amputees due to diabetic foot with type 2 diabetes. This longitudinal study evaluates, at three time points, the mediating role of traumatic stress in the relationship be-tween perceived stress and burden/quality of life considering the duration of caregiving and whether the care-giver received help and social support in caregiving tasks.

Results

The results showed that the duration of caregiving, help in caregiving and caregiver stress (T1) predicted trau-matic stress seven months (T2) after patients’ amputation; and traumatic stress (T2) predicted mental QoL and burden, 10 months later (T3).

Conclusions

This study emphasizes the importance of intervention in caregivers at the beginning of caregiving, to improve mental QoL and decrease the burden, ten months after amputation.
Epidemics among perceived impacts on Latvia before and during COVID-19: emerging threats versus stability
Authors: Kolesovs Aleksandrs , Ruza Aleksejs , Silkane Vineta
Published: January 2021

Background

In the time of global challenges, perception of the ongoing change at different levels of social systems modu-lates individual expectations, decisions, and emotional health. A previous study in Latvia revealed that per-ceived threats, globalization, political power, and personal control form the latent structure of perceived impacts on the country. The present study assessed the stability of this structure, comparing a relatively favorable situa-tion and the situation of the COVID-19 emergency in Latvia.

Participants and procedure

Two successive independent samples included 254 and 171 university students in 2019 and 2020, respective-ly. Participants assessed the impact of 15 factors on Latvia: personal impact, parents and relatives, friends, people of Latvia, political parties and leaders, Saeima (the parliament of Latvia), the government of Latvia, the European Union, the United States, other countries, global economic crises, war and military conflicts, terror-ism, epidemics, and natural disasters.

Results

A series of confirmatory factor analyses established partial invariance of the model. During the COVID-19 emergency, a significant shift in the perceived impact of epidemics, natural disasters, and global economic crises combined with the relative stability of personal, meso-, and macro-level factors.

Conclusions

This stability indicates possible resources for balancing perceived threats in the situation of successful coping with COVID-19 in Latvia in Spring 2020.
Discordance between radiographic findings, pain, and superficial temperature in knee osteoarthritis
Authors: de Oliveira Vargas e Silva Natália Cristina , dos Anjos Rafael Luz , Campos Santana Matheus Miranda , Rizzo Battistella Linamara , Marcon Alfieri Fábio
Published: January 2021

Introduction

Knee pain is an imprecise marker of radiographic evidence of osteoarthritis (OA). These patients are more likely to develop central sensitisation to pain, a risk factor for chronic pain.

Objectives

The aim of this study was to examine the associations among radiographic evidence of OA, self-reported pain, pressure pain thresholds (PPT), and superficial knee temperature in indivi­duals with knee OA.

Material and methods

This cross-sectional study enrolled 25 patients with knee OA with clinic and radiographic diagnosis of bilateral OA (Kellgren-Lawrence grading scale 1–4 in X-ray images), but symptoms of pain and discomfort in only one of the knees, with pain perception in the symptomatic knee equal to or above 4 in a visual analogue scale. Volunteers underwent an evaluation including demographic data, superficial knee temperature (infrared thermography, mean superficial temperature of the region of the knee) and PPT (digital algometry at longus adductor, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis and tibialis anterior muscles, patellar tendon, and centre of the patella).

Results

Comparisons between symptomatic and asymptomatic knees revealed no differences regarding Kellgren-Lawrence classification, knee superficial temperature, or PPT. Significant weak and moderate associations were found between radiographic classification of OA and PPT of both knees in almost all sites evaluated. Nonetheless, superficial temperature of the knee was not associated with PPT or Kellgren-Lawrence grading scale.
Depression and depressive symptoms in patients with polymyalgia rheumatica: discussion points, grey areas and unmet needs emerging from a systematic review of published literature
Authors: Manzo Ciro , Nizama-Via Ayar , Milchert Marcin , Isetta Marco , Castagna Alberto , Natale Maria , Serra-Mestres Jordi
Published: January 2021

Introduction

In 1979, Bird et al. proposed depression as a diagnostic criterion for polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR). More recently, the significance of depression in PMR patients has been re-proposed, , and some researchers have suggested that PMR may increase the risk of depression. The aim of our article is to evaluate the relationship between PMR and depression.

Material and methods

Systematic literature searches were performed on 19th and 20th May 2020 based on Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The search was restricted to all studies and case reports with English abstract, published in any language, since 1979 (when depression was first proposed as a diagnostic criterion for PMR) describing the association of PMR with depression. Exclusion criteria were as follows: reviews, conference abstracts, comments, non-original articles; and articles discussing giant cell arteritis (GCA) and PMR when data and observations for the two conditions were not clearly subdivided.

Results

The initial search yielded 812 papers, of which 115 duplicates were removed. A total of 697 articles had a first screening and 506 were excluded based on title and abstract reviews; 117 articles underwent full-length scrutiny, and 99 full-text articles were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria (reviews and comments = 58; articles with outcome of interest not reported = 34; low-quality articles = 7). At least, 18 articles were included in this review.

Conclusions

The review did not find any studies that clarified the prevalence rates of depression in patients with PMR. Furthermore, the studies reviewed did not offer any clarity as to whether patients suffered from just depressive symptoms or clinical depression, and that accepted diagnostic criteria for depression had not been employed, indicating that a robust method for diagnosing depression had not been employed. Collaboration of different professionals should be improved through shared guidelines.
comparison of Efficacy of Topical Ciprofloxacin Ear drops (0.6%) Versus a Combination of Systemic with Topical Ciprofloxacin in Treating Chronically Discharging Ears
Authors: Syed Sarwat Hassan , Arsalan Damish , Murtaza Ghulam , Qamar Nasir Mohammad , Amin Muhammad Awais , Awan Aam Ayub
Published: January 2021

Objective: To compare the efficacy of topical ciprofloxacin alone, versus a combination therapy ofsystemic with topical ciprofloxacin(0.6%) in achieving dry ears in active mucosal chronic otitis media after two weeks of treatment. Methods: After obtaining permission from ethical committee of Hospital, an over-all of 150 patients (with 75 subjects each, divided into two groups) were included in this study. In Group-A: Topical Ciprofloxacin ear drops (0.6%) 3-4 drops were instilled three times a day, 8 hours apart for 2 weeks. In Group-B: Tab Ciprofloxacin 500mg was given twice a day, 12 hours apart for 14 days along with topical Ciprofloxacin ear drops (0.6%) 3 drops were used thrice a day, 8 hours apart for 14 days. Results: Patients ranged between 15-45 years of age. Mean age of the patients was 30.3±7.4 and 29.2±7.7 years. In group-A, there were 41 males (54.7%) and in group-B 49 males (65.3%). Females were 34 (45.3%) in group-A and 27 (36%) in Group-B. Mean duration of ear discharge was 5.3±1.1 months in group-A while 5.5±1.4 months in Group-B. We could not find any substantial variation among the two group in terms of efficacy (p=0.249). Stratification with regard to age, gender and duration of ear discharge was also carried out. Conclusion: Results of this study showed that topical ciprofloxacin ear drops (0.6%) were equally effective as systemic ciprofloxacin combined with topical ciprofloxacin (0.6%), for treating chronically discharging ears. Keywords: CSOM, ciprofloxacin, nature of discharge