bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
ЕСТУ ҚАБІЛЕТІНІҢ БҰЗЫЛЫСТАРЫ БАР БАЛАЛАРДЫҢ БЕЙІМДІК ДЕНЕ ШЫНЫҚТЫРУЫН ПЕДАГОГИКАЛЫҚ-ҰЙЫМДАСТЫРУ ЕРЕКШЕЛІКТЕРІ
Authors: Балгимбеков Ш.А. , Күшназарова К.Е. , Қадырбеков Р.Б. , Әмитова Ж.Т.
Published: October 2024

Мақала есту қабілетінжоғалтқан балалар үшін мамандырылған түзету мектеп-интернатындағыбейімдік дене шынықтырудың педагогикалық-ұйымдастыру ерекшеліктерін зерттеп, жинақталған оң тәжірибені теориялық-әдістемелік тұрғыдан негіздеугеарналған. Қазіргі уақытта Қазақстанда есту қабілеті бұзылған 5000-нан астам мүгедек бала тіркелген және республика бойынша осы санаттағы балаларға арналған мамандырылған 24 мектеп жұмыс істейді.Есту қабілеті жоғалған балалардың 62%-да денелік дамудың дисгармониясы, 43%-да тірек-қимыл аппаратының бұзылулары, 60%-да вестибулярлық талдағыш қызметінің жеткіліксіздігі анықта-лады. Баланың кеңістікті бағдарлауы төмендеп, қозғалыс дағдыларын игеру бәсеңдейді, дене күшінің нашар-лауы, секіруде артта қалу, қозғалыстардың төмен қарқыны, қимыл-қозғалысты еске сақтаудың әлсіздігі байқа-лады. Зерттеу жұмыстары орындалған есту қабілетін жоғалтқан оқушы балалар тәрбиеленетін Алматы қаласындағы No1 мектеп-интернатындағы оқу-тәрбие үрдісі жастарға орта білім берумен қатар, мүгедек жандардың денсаулығын сақтауға және жақсартуға бағытталған педагогикалық, медициналық және қалпына келтіру кешені ретінде ұйымдастырылып, заманауи дене мәдениеті мен сауықтыру шараларын жүзеге асыруға қажетті инфрақұрылымымен толық қамтамасыз етілген. Авторлар бейімдік дене шынықтыру пәні бойынша жаңартылған мазмұнды білім беру бағдарламасын сараптап, есту қабылетінің бұзылыстары бар оқушылармен жүргізілетін дене тәрбиесі сабақтарында тыныс алу гимнастикасы, вестибулярлық жаттығулар, координация-лық қабілеттерді дамытуға бағытталған жаттығулар мен ырғақтық-иілімділік жаттығулар кешенін пайдалануға ұсынады.
The ALOMAR Rayleigh/Mie/Raman lidar: status after 30 years of operation
Authors: Fiedler Jens , Baumgarten Gerd
Published: October 2024

Abstract. The ALOMAR (Arctic Lidar Observatory for Middle Atmosphere Research) Rayleigh/Mie/Raman (RMR) lidar is an active remote sensing instrument for investigation of the Arctic middle atmosphere on a routine basis during day and night. It was installed on the island of Andøya in northern Norway (69° N, 16° E) in summer 1994. During the past 30 years of operation, more than 20 200 h of atmospheric data have been measured, approximately 60 % thereof during sunlit conditions. At present, the RMR lidar is the only system measuring aerosols, temperature, and horizontal winds simultaneously and during daytime in the middle atmosphere. We report on the current status of the lidar, including major upgrades made during recent years. This involves a new generation of power lasers and new systems for synchronization, data acquisition, and spectral monitoring of each single laser pulse. Lidar measurements benefit significantly from a control system for augmented operation with automated rule-based decisions, which allows complete remote operation of the lidar. This was necessary in particular during the COVID-19 pandemic, as it was impossible to access the lidar from outside Norway for almost 1.5 years. We show examples that illustrate the performance of the RMR lidar in investigating aerosol layers, temperature, and horizontal winds, partly with a time resolution below 1 s.
Population exposure to outdoor NO2, black carbon, particle mass, and number concentrations over Paris with multi-scale modelling down to the street scale
Authors: Park Soo-Jin , Lugon Lya , Jacquot Oscar , Kim Youngseob , Baudic Alexia , D’Anna Barbara , Di Antonio Ludovico , Di Biagio Claudia , Dugay Fabrice , Favez Olivier , Ghersi Véronique , Gratien Aline , Kammer Julien , Petit Jean-Eudes , Sanchez Olivier , Valari Myrto , Vigneron Jérémy , Sartelet Karine
Published: October 2024

Abstract. This study focuses on mapping the concentrations of pollutants of health interest (NO2, black carbon (BC), PM2.5, number of particles (PN)) down to the street scale to represent as accurately as possible the population exposure. Simulations are performed over the Greater Paris area with the WRF-CHIMERE/MUNICH/SSH-aerosol chain, using either the top-down inventory EMEP or the bottom-up inventory Airparif with correction of the traffic flow. The concentrations of the pollutants are higher in streets than in the regional-scale urban background, due to the strong influence of road-traffic emissions locally. Model-to-data comparisons were performed at urban background and traffic stations, and evaluated using two performance criteria from the literature. For BC, harmonized equivalent BC (eBC) concentrations were estimated from concomitant mea-surements of eBC and elemental carbon. Using the bottom-up inventory with corrected road-traffic flow, the strictest criteria are met for NO2, eBC, PM2.5, and PN. Using the EMEP top-down inventory, the strictest criteria are also met for NO2, eBC and PM2.5, but errors tend to be larger than with the bottom-up inventory for NO2, eBC and PN. Using the top-down inventory, the concentrations tend to be lower along the streets than those simulated using the bottom-up inventory, especially for NO2 con-centrations, resulting in less urban heterogeneities. The impact of the size-distribution of non-exhaust emissions was analyzed at both regional and local scales, and it is higher in heavy-traffic streets. To assess exposure, a french database detailing the number of inhabitants in each building was used. The population-weighted concentration (PWC) was calculated by weighting populations by the outdoor concentrations to which they are exposed at the precise location of their home. An exposure scaling factor (ESF) was determined for each pollutant to estimate the ratio needed to correct urban background concentrations in order to assess exposure. The average ESF in Paris and Paris Ring Road is higher than 1 for NO2, eBC, PM2.5, PN, because the concentrations simulated at the local scale in streets are higher than those modelled at the regional scale. It indicates that the Parisian population exposure is under-estimated using regional-scale concentrations. Although this underestimation is low for PM2.5, with an ESF of 1.04, it is very high for NO2 (1.26), eBC (between 1.22 and 1.24), and PN (1.12). This shows that urban heterogeneities are important to be considered in order to represent the population exposure to NO2, eBC, and PN, but less so for PM2.5.
The IAS2024 coastal sea level dataset and first evaluations
Authors: Peng Fukai , Deng Xiaoli , Shen Yunzhong , Cheng Xiao
Published: October 2024

Abstract. A new dedicated coastal sea level dataset called the International Altimetry Service 2024 (IAS2024, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13208305, Peng et al., 2024c) has been presented to monitor sea level changes along the world’s coastlines. One of the reasons for generating this dataset is the quality of coastal altimeter data has been greatly improved with advanced coastal reprocessing strategies. In this study, the Seamless Combination of Multiple Retrackers (SCMR) strategy is adopted to obtain the reprocessed Jason data for January 2002 and April 2022. The evaluation results show that the data availability of the IAS2024 dataset over global coastal oceans is much higher than that of the European Space Agency Climate Change Initiative version 2.3 (ESA CCI v2.3) dataset. The closure of trend differences (0.16 ± 3.98 mm yr−1) between IAS2024 and Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level (PSMSL) tide gauge data is observed at the global scale, which further demonstrates the good performance of the IAS2024 dataset in monitoring the coastal sea level changes. The altimeter-based virtual stations have been built with the IAS2024 dataset over 0−10 km, 5−15 km and 10−20 km coastal strips, which will contribute to the analysis of coastal sea levels for the ocean community and the risk management for the policy makers. Our study also points out that no obvious variations exist in linear sea level trends from offshore to the coast in most coastal zones. In addition, the vertical land motion (VLM) estimates from the combination of coastal altimeter data with tide gauge records agree well with the University of La Rochelle 7a (ULR7a) Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) solution (0.09 ± 2.22 mm yr−1), suggesting that altimeter-derived VLM estimates can be an independent data source to validate the GNSS solutions.
Assessing groundwater level modelling using a 1-D convolutional neural network (CNN): linking model performances to geospatial and time series features
Authors: Gomez Mariana , Nölscher Maximilian , Hartmann Andreas , Broda Stefan
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Groundwater level (GWL) forecasting with machine learning has been widely studied due to its generally accurate results and low input data requirements. Furthermore, machine learning models for this purpose can be set up and trained quickly compared to the effort required for process-based numerical models. Despite demonstrating high performance at specific locations, applying the same model architecture to multiple sites across a regional area can lead to varying accuracies. The reasons behind this discrepancy in model performance have been scarcely examined in previous studies. Here, we explore the relationship between model performance and the geospatial and time series features of the sites. Using precipitation (P) and temperature (T) as predictors, we model monthly groundwater levels at approximately 500 observation wells in Lower Saxony, Germany, applying a 1-D convolutional neural network (CNN) with a fixed architecture and hyperparameters tuned for each time series individually. The GWL observations range from 21 to 71 years, resulting in variable test and training dataset time ranges. The performances are evaluated against selected geospatial characteristics (e.g. land cover, distance to waterworks, and leaf area index) and time series features (e.g. autocorrelation, flat spots, and number of peaks) using Pearson correlation coefficients. Results indicate that model performance is negatively influenced at sites near waterworks and densely vegetated areas. Longer subsequences of GWL measurements above or below the mean negatively impact the model accuracy. Besides, GWL time series containing more irregular patterns and with a higher number of peaks might lead to higher model performances, possibly due to a closer link with precipitation dynamics. As deep learning models are known to be black-box models missing the understanding of physical processes, our work provides new insights into how geospatial and time series features link to the input–output relationship of a GWL forecasting model.
OceanPrediction Decade Collaborative Center: Connecting the world around ocean forecasting
Authors: Alvarez Fanjul Enrique , Bahurel Pierre
Published: October 2024

Abstract. Operational Ocean Forecasting Systems (OOFS) have proven to be immensely valuable today. Numerous successful and inspiring services are currently operating in various regions of the world, contributing to cutting-edge applications within the marine community. This success lays a strong foundation for building a global community around ocean forecasting. However, the development and enhancement of new forecasting systems remain challenging due to the absence of best practices, standards, and community-endorsed architectures. The OceanPrediction Decade Collaborative Center (DCC) and its associated Decade actions aim to address these challenges by leveraging the UN Decade of Ocean Science and the concept of digital twinning. This paper introduces the OceanPrediction DCC and outlines the forward-looking strategies developed to achieve these ambitious goals. The special issue introduced by this paper is part of this broader effort.
Tea Tree Oil Effect on Dimensional Change and Detail Reproduction of Addition Silicon Impression Material
Authors: Samier Hammed Samir , Al-Khafaji Aseel Mohammed
Published: October 2024

Objective: Impression materials are thought to be the one of the primary sources of cross infection between patients and dentists. However, it was discovered that disinfection of the impression is not conducted routinely in ordinary dental treatment. Disinfection of addition silicon impression, whether by immersion or spray should not produce dimensional or detail errors. The purpose of this study was to examine the immersion of addition silicon impression material in tea tree oil and its influence on dimensional stability and detail reproduction of the addition silicon imprint material.
Materials and Methods: This study employed a total of 120 heavy- and light-body addition silicon impression material specimens. The specimens were randomly sorted and immersed into six groups. These test groups where four concentrations of TTO (0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1%), and the other two groups were distilled water (negative control) and 2% glutaraldehyde (positive control). All specimens were immersed for 10 minutes in the testing solutions. Each of the six groups had 20 specimens separated into two subgroups.
Results: There were no statistically significant differences in linear dimensional changes and detail reproduction among all test groups.

Conclusion: The addition silicon impression material may be safely submerged in TTO for 10 minutes to disinfect it without impairing its dimensional correctness or detail replication of the impression.
Antimicrobial Efficiency of Hypochlorous Acid Incorporation and its Effect on Surface Properties of Irreversible Hydrocolloid Materials
Authors: M. Abass Shorouq , S. Khalaf Bayan , I. Issa Moamin , Mohammed Al-Khafaji Aseel
Published: October 2024

Objective: Conventional approaches for disinfection, including spraying and immersion, resulted in only surface disinfection of impressions. As a result, self-disinfecting impression materials incorporated with antimicrobial compounds require more extensive studies. The incorporation of a disinfectant into irreversible hydrocolloid impression materials could eliminate the need for the disinfection step by conventional approaches, including spraying and immersion which only result in surface disinfection of impressions. The study was aimed to investigate the effect of incorporation of hypochlorous acid in irreversible hydrocolloid materials on antimicrobial efficiency, detail reproduction, and dimensional stability.
Materials and Methods: Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) was used in two concentrations, 100 ppm and 200 ppm, and mixed with alginate powder to compare with the control group (distilled water mixed with alginate). Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosawere chosen for assessing the antimicrobial activity with the disk diffusion test. In addition, the dimensional stability and reproduction of details were tested.
Results: The results revealed that both HOCl concentrations of 100 ppm and 200 ppm imposed significant antimicrobial activity against all three tested microorganisms. There was no significant difference regarding reproduction of details, but the addition of the antimicrobial had a significant adverse effect on the alginate’s dimensional stability.

Conclusion: It may be concluded that the incorporation of HOCL into irreversible hydrocolloid impression material resulted in an impression with antimicrobial activity. In addition, there was no effect on the impression materials ability to reproduce surface details, but the antimicrobial addition may affect its dimensional stability.
History in context: teaching the history of dentistry with rare materials
Authors: Theis-Mahon Nicole , Opryszko Anna , Miller Ai , Beck Emily , Hendrickson Lois
Published: October 2024

Background: History and health humanities instruction offers a framework for professional students to examine the arc and development of their profession as well as develop cultural competencies. Exploring ideas, themes, and health care practices and approaches through historical instruction can show students how culture influences health care and practice, therefore providing a context for further development of cultural competence skills.
Case Presentation: This case report describes a collaboration among a dentistry course instructor, a liaison librarian, and curators of a rare book collection. Working together, this team offers an active learning class that examines the historical arc of the dental profession. We aim to have students use primary source materials to examine the experiences, research, and narratives of their profession.
Discussion: Using a World Cafe with thematic tables allows students to safely examine rare materials and artifacts and have meaningful conversations about themes that are critical to dentistry’s past, present, and future. Students reported that engaging with artifacts and historical materials provided a different way to understand history and enhanced their learning experience. Engaging students in this work builds critical thinking skills that are essential to evidence-based practice.
Standing up for representation in undergraduate medical education curricula through medical student, librarian, and faculty collaboration: a case report
Authors: Hong Ellen M. , Atoot Rami , Decker Megan E. , Ekwueme Alexander C. , Stanislaus Cairo , Ayeni Tadé , Duffy Christopher P. , Piazza Allison E. , Mitre Mariela , Siracusa Linda D. , Zepf Jennifer F.
Published: October 2024

Background: A shortage of images of pathology on diverse skin tones has been recognized for decades in health professions education. Identifying skin manifestations of disease depends on pattern recognition, which is difficult without visual examples. Lack of familiarity with visual diagnosis on skin of color can lead to delayed or missed diagnoses with increased morbidity and mortality. As the United States continues to increase in ethnic and racial diversity, addressing the disparity in health outcomes with education is vital.
Case Presentation: At the Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, students, librarians, and faculty came together to address this problem and develop a database of dermatological conditions in people with darker skin tones. A student group initiated a series of meetings with faculty to determine the best approach to address and enhance the representation of diversity in disease images within the curriculum. With the guidance of faculty and librarians, students performed a literature search and created a database of images of skin pathologies in people with darker skin tones. The database was disseminated to course directors and lecturers, and the noted disparities were corrected for the next cohort of students. The database provides an easily accessible resource for creating lecture slides.
Conclusion: This project brought awareness of the need for inclusivity and generated a broad review of the curriculum to be more representative of all patient populations. Most importantly, our experience provides a roadmap for institutional change through student, librarian and faculty collaboration and cultivation of a culture of optimism and acceptance.
Participation to Compulsory Earthquake Insurance System in the Southwestern Turkey After the 2023 Earthquake
Authors: Ceylan Figen , Dipova Nihat
Published: October 2024

Earthquake is a foremost natural disaster with its potential of occurrence and frequency for Turkey. The recent Kahramanmaras earthquake that took place in the southeastern Turkey in 2023 was catastrophic. This catastrophe reminded the necessity of having awareness of and getting prepared for potential awaited earthquakes. With this research it was aimed to measure the intention of the society to get prepared for earthquakes in the southwestern region of Turkey that pose significant earthquake risk. The probability of having compulsory earthquake insurance (CEI) was estimated in Finike and Demre towns of Antalya, Turkey in 2023 posterior to the Kahramanmaras earthquake. It was understood that with rising education, awareness and age, the probability of having insured rises in the representative districts. Yet, with ageing residency/building and random information, the probability declines. This early response emphasized the importance of scientific information of the society and better promotion of precautionary actions in the region and in Turkey.
Innovative technological systems in cornea collection and processing
Authors: Cociug Adrian , Macagonova Olga , Dumbraveanu Lilia , Cusnir Valeriu , Nacu Viorel
Published: October 2024

The devices and tools used in the cornea sampling and processing is and will be one of the requirements used by the Eye Bank. Analysis of modern corneal sampling and instrumentation requires technological and informational progress that tends to modernize all types of devices to induce increased corneal quality that provides longer ex vivo storage while maintaining the viability of corneal layers at the epithelial, stromal, and endothelial levels. Bioreactors are complex devices that maintain the storage of the cornea ex vivo that are closer to the physiological norm. Many studies show that the materials that are made of these devices directly or indirectly influence the activity of the cells.
Treatment of noninfectious uveitis: news and perspectives
Authors: Dumbraveanu Lilia , Cusnir Valeriu , Bobescu Doina
Published: October 2024

Uveitis is an eye disease characterized by inflammation of the vascular tunic. Patients often have visual impairment, which may result directly from damage to the structures of the uveal tract or may be due to side effects on nearby tissues. The etiopathogenic diagnosis and early treatment of uveitis prevent irreversible vision-threatening lesions caused by the intraocular inflammatory process and its complications, including cataracts, glaucoma and uveitic cystoid macular edema. Medication in non-infectious uveitis aims to suppress the immune system and intraocular inflammation, reduce recurrences and rehabilitate visual functions. Standard therapy includes corticosteroids, conventional immunomodulatory agents, and biological agents. In the long run, corticosteroids cause serious systemic and ocular side effects such as high blood pressure, diabetes, cataracts and glaucoma. Cytostatics and immunosuppressants may be considered in patients with systemic diseases such as sarcoidosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis. This review article comes with useful information about the evolution of the treatment of non-infectious uveitis and the news in the field, which will be of real use for the clinician in daily practice. Lately, intravitreal therapy has become a favorite for most eye diseases, including non-infectious uveitis due to its effectiveness and better safety profile. Advances in molecular research have led to the development of new therapies in uveitis-biological agents that interfere with specific molecules that cause inflammation and tissue damage. Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKs) and biosimilar biological agents may present an alternative treatme option for patients with autoimmune ocular inflammation.
Evaluation of the diagnosis and efficacy of the therapy administered in relation to the time of the addressing of patients with ramus obstruction or central retinal artery
Authors: Andronic Sergiu , Sava Stefania
Published: October 2024

Evaluation of the diagnosis and efficacy of the therapy administered in relation to the time of the addressing of patients with ramus obstruction or central retinal artery Central retinal artery occlusion is a major ophthalmological emergency, the most important tenet of treatment is rapid identification of occlusion and initiation of a target therapy. The study was performed based on the examination of visual acuity in dynamics of two groups of patients with confirmed diagnosis, the first group with addressing up to 24 hours after the onset of symptoms, the second group with late addressing. The patients who addressed more quickly, the rate of increase in AV was higher compared to those with late addressing. The result of this study was that the therapy administered in first hours after occlusion is more efficient and the success rate depends on the addressing time.
Essential bioethics topics in anti-doping strategies in sports
Authors: Banari Ion , Ojovan Vitalie
Published: October 2024

Bioethics has a huge theoretical and applied potential for preventing and solving various problems regarding the life and health of individuals. Sport is an important area of social life that is excessively dominated by various trends, including unfavorable ones, which harm the health of athletes. The article reflects sources of bioethics that interpret sports activities influenced by doping. Analytical, hermeneutic methods and bioethical methodological tools were applied. A rather sensitive topic, frequently discussed at different levels, is the use of doping substances in sports. This negative phenomenon is evolving, becoming more and more diverse and difficult to combat. The application of bioethics benchmarks creates favorable conditions in the annihilation of doping in sport.
The need for antidoping education of health professionals
Authors: Rubanovici Vladislav , Stefanet Gheorghe , Chirlici Alexei , Cebanu Serghei
Published: October 2024

The need for antidoping education of health professionals The problem of combating doping in sports has become topical both among athletes, coaches and doctors. The paper presents a synthesis of the literature on the negative influence of doping, antidoping training activities and programs in general and the issue of training health professionals on antidoping issues. In order to achieve the stated objective, a focused research of specialized literature sources was carried out using the Google Scholar search engine and the Pub Med, Research for Life and Medline databases. Criteria for selecting articles included health problems caused by doping, antidoping programs and activities, undertaken by medical professionals. Despite the efforts of the World Antidoping Agency (WADA), other international organizations and numerous national antidoping organizations in various countries of the world, the vicious practice of doping among athletes continues. At the same time, it was found that the nominated specialists do not possess sufficient knowledge and practical skills on the issue of antidoping. In connection with this situation, it is necessary to develop programs for undergraduate and postgraduate training of the specialists on the issue of antidoping, the application of which in practice will greatly contribute to solving the problem of antidoping. It is recommended to harmonize national antidoping documents with international ones.
Information support of the pharmacist's communication in the process of pharmaceutical assistance of the population
Authors: Adauji Stela
Published: October 2024

Because of the systematization of the pharmacist's communication features in the process of drug assistance to the population, we proposed a schematic model of this process. The survey, which involved 320 pharmacists, revealed that 94.68% of them possess verbal communication skills and active engage in counseling patients during medication dispensing, including from the Rx list. Pharmacists have access to essential information sources about medicines and possess and possess the necessary knowledge and skills to identify and evaluate patients' health problems, particularly when it comes to selfmedication treatments and can be involved in monitoring these processes. The lack of operational information tools from the information systems in operation, (directly in the medication assistance process) regarding the aspects of medication use, taking into account the clinical manifestations of the disease and the total lack of the possibility to access objective information about the patient's characteristics, regarding his health needs, was highlighted. These tools can be developed within the existing information systems as well as by integrating the pharmaceutical information systems into the medical assistance system of the population in outpatient conditions, through the electronic prescription module under development and implementation. The study also identified various mitigating factors and professional duties that influence the pharmacist's communication process with patients, as well as some professional activities that the pharmacist performs as work duties: perfecting documents, records, management, monitoring drug stocks, patient flow etc.
Diagnosis and correction of immunological reactivity disorders in tuberculosis and toxocariasis infection
Authors: Guila Angela
Published: October 2024

The article is a systematic review of the literature on toxocariasis and tuberculosis. Human toxocariasis is a neglected tropical disease that has a global distribution and a significant impact on global public health. The infection can lead to a number of serious conditions in humans, including in cases associated with other infections. Invasion with Toxocara canis represents a strong endogenous factor in the formation of the regulatory imbalance of the immune system, which is manifested by the decrease in phagocytosis indices, the increase in the content of circulating immune complexes, and total IgE. The integral evaluation of these indices serves as an important criterion in the diagnosis of toxocariasis and the effectiveness of the applied therapy. Immunosuppression caused by parasites inhibits metabolic processes in the human body, and enzyme activity, making it difficult to absorb antiparasitic, antibacterial, and other chemotherapeutic drugs. Therefore, the treatment of tissue helminthiasis is difficult, because the larvae are in the tissues, while antiparasitic drugs do not have a high absorption capacity. Decreased eosinophils and IL-10 indicate that asymptomatic helminth infection significantly suppresses immunity in tuberculosis patients. The association of pulmonary tuberculosis wit toxocariasis is a combination of two diseases with severe endogenous intoxication, which is insufficiently elucidated.
Nutritional therapy for inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Turcan Svetlana
Published: October 2024

This article presents a synthesis of publications from the relevant scientific literature, addressed to the importance of nutritional treatment in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Various restrictive and elimination diets are critically reviewed from the perspective of evidence-based medicine, including: exclusive enteral nutrition, low-FODMAP, specific carbohydrate, paleolithic, anti-inflammatory, CD-TREAT, and other diets. Although there are countless books and websites on „medical nutrition” in IBD, there is no conclusive evidence to support restrictive diets in IBD patients. Thus, current recommendations for these patients should rather focus on a healthy and balanced diet, based on natural, unprocessed products, rather than limiting and/or adding certain dietary components. In addition, patients with IBD should be encouraged to practice appropriate physical activity, which during the remission period should not differ from that recommended for healthy people.
Associated metabolic fatty liver disease and cardiovascular pathology – double causal connection
Authors: Cabac-Pogorevici Irina , Jitari Inessa , Savca Dmitri , Revenco Valeriu
Published: October 2024

Introduction. The accumulation of neutral lipids in the cytoplasm of liver cells favors the onset of insulin resistance, the accumulation of lipotoxic metabolites and bile acids in hepatocytes, oxidative stress, the release of cytokines and other inflammatory mediators, as well as the intestinal microbiota, are considered to promote the transition from steatosis to inflammation liver damage and fibrosis through mitochondrial dysfunction, endoplasmic reticulum stress, cell death and immune cell infiltration. These processes are the key factor in explaining the associations between fatty liver disease, metabolic diseases and cardiovascular diseases. Results. The presence of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is associated with increased cardiovascular (CV) risk, which is why appropriate management is necessary to improve the outcome of CV diseases and of hepatic ones. According to the recent statements of the American Cardiology Association, MAFLD should be considered as a marker of risk and worsening of cardiovascular pathologies. Conclusions. Currently, there are insufficient data to categorize MAFLD as a CV risk factor because its impact on risk has not been quantified, although MAFLD has been shown to have an additional negative impact on atherosclerotic CV disease risk (ACVDF), in addition to traditional risk factors (such as age, sex, family history of CVD, obesity, DM, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and smoking). Furthermore, studies demonstrating ACVDF reduction as a result of MAFLD treatment are not yet available, but they are essential in integrating an element as a risk factor.
Extrahepatic portal hypertension
Authors: Taran Natalia , Lupasco Iulianna , Dumbrava Vlada-Tatiana , Berezovscaia Elena , Stoico Iurie
Published: October 2024

Extrahepatic portal venous obstruction is an important cause of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension, especially in third world countries. Material and methods. Contemporary literature analysis focused on the main databases: PubMed, Hinari, SpringerLink and Scopus (Elsevier) was performed. Inclusion criteria served clinical practice guidelines, scientific articles on current knowledge addressed: causes, diagnostic criteria and differential diagnosis of extrahepatic portal venous obstruction. Exclusion criteria were articles that did not meet the current requirements and information provided for patients. Results. The term non-cirrhotic portal hypertension refers to a heterogeneous group of liver diseases affecting the hepatic vasculature that are anatomically classified based on blood flow resistance as pre-hepatic, hepatic (pre-sinusoidal, sinusoidal or post-sinusoidal) and post-hepatic in the absence of liver cirrhosis or known risk factors responsible for portal hipertension. Multiple hematological, immune system-related, infectious, hereditary and metabolic risk factors have been associated with this disorder. However, the exact etiopathogenesis is largely unknown. Conclusions. The diagnosis of this pathology requires a multidisciplinary approach, through evaluation by a gastroenterologist, hematologist, cardiologist, and requires an increase in the degree of awareness of this entity by highlighting the complex pathophysiology and clinical-pathological associations.
Occult hepatic B viral infection in children: important public health issues
Authors: Liubarscaia Svetlana , Raba Tatiana
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) is of important clinical significance and represents a specific phase of the viral infectious process in which HBsAg-negative individuals have reduced viral DNA replication, detectable or undetectable in serum but present in the liver. Materials and methods. A review of the Pub Med database on occult HBV infection from January 2013 to April 2023 was performed, selecting publications pertaining to children. Results. Of the 914 identified articles, 111 publications met the selection criteria of “occult HBV infection in children”. In this phase, covalently closed circular DNA (cccADN) is in a low replication state. Mechanisms of suppression of HBV replication activity have been shown to be related to host immune control and epigenetic factors. The prevalence of occult HBV infection in adults varies widely in different geographic regions and depends on risk factors for parenteral infections and the sensitivity of tests used to detect HBsAg and HBV DNA. Occult HBV infection in children is a poorly understood problem, with a prevalence of 20-54%. HBV can be transmitted parenterally, by blood transfusion, habitual transmission, or liver transplantation, causing acute hepatitis, reactivating with immunosuppression, accelerating the progression of chronic hepatitis to cirrhosis, and contributing to malignancy. Conclusions. Occult HBV infection in children is one of the clinical forms of chronic HBV infection with varying overall prevalence. Anti-HBcor is an important diagnostic marker, and their testing for hepatitis of unknown etiology in children will detect chronic HBV infection.
Alternative therapy for pregnant and breastfeeding women with gastro-intestinal pathology in psychiatric practice
Authors: Boronin Larisa , Nastas Igor
Published: October 2024

Introduction. Drug treatment during pregnancy and breastfeeding period presents certain risks, especially in patients with concomitant mental disorders and somatic pathologies. The purpose of the research was to study the potential effects of medicinal plants and biological supplements during pregnancy and lactation in psychiatric patients with gastro-intestinal pathology. Materials and methods. We analyzed 504 herbs and active biological nutritional supplements including their alternative names: 299 in gastroenterology and 205 in psychiatry. From these, 40 alternative names of plants could be used in gastroenterology and psychiatry and 33 alternative names of plants and active biological nutritional supplements that could be used in psychiatry were selected. Results. Only one herb, damiana (Turnera diffusa), is described as having “no known side effects” during pregnancy and breastfeeding. According to other sources, this herb should not be used during pregnancy and breastfeeding due to the serious risks involved. Another plant Moringa oleifera is found to have multiple protective functions in mental health and gastro-intestinal diseases, being described as potentially safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding, but with specific indications. Conclusions. Prescribing herbs and active biological nutritional supplements during pregnancy and breastfeeding carries certain risks. The information is contradictory, requiring further research and informing patients about the risk-benefit ratio.
Материалы к фауне жесткокрылых (Insecta: Coleoptera) нидоценозов птиц. Дополнение 2
Authors: Сажнев Алексей Сергеевич , Матюхин Александр Владимирович
Published: October 2024

В ходе исследований (сборы 2003–2023 гг.) из 40 гнезд 20 видов птиц, относящихся к семи типам нидоценозов, было собрано 35 видов жесткокрылых из 11 семейств. Большинство видов (74,2 %) – это факультативные нидиколы (ботрофилы). Из группы ботробионтов в гнездах четырех видов птиц отмечен только Gnathoncus buyssoni (Histeridae). В наших сборах обнаружено четыре вида инвайдеров из семейств Dermestidae и Anobiidae. Партеногенетический североамериканский вид Reesa vespulae (Dermestidae), в нативной части ареала развивающийся в гнездах ос, в условиях Европейской России известен для гнезд как минимум одиннадцати видов птиц, а также отмечен как непреднамеренный форонт на птицах. Новые случаи непреднамеренной форезии на птицах описаны для Anthrenus museorum (Dermestidae) и Phyllotreta vittula (Chrysomelidae) на серой вороне (Corvus cornix).
ФинансированиеРабота проведена в рамках выполнения государственного задания № 124032500016-4.
К фауне чешуекрылых (Lepidoptera) Жигулевского заповедника (Самарская область, Россия)
Authors: Большаков Лавр Валерьевич , Томкович Константин Павлович , Исмагилов Нияз Назипович
Published: October 2024

В результате обработки литературных данных, фотоматериалов и полевых исследований представлены дополнительные данные по фауне чешуекрылых (Lepidoptera) Жигулевского государственного природного заповедника. В список включено 125 видов, из которых 41 впервые приводится для заповедника, в т. ч. 12 – для Самарской области, остальные были известны в заповеднике из других локалитетов или являются редкими.
ФинансированиеПолевые исследования проводились в рамках государственного задания ФГБУ «Жигулевский государственный заповедник» № 051-00040-23-02 и № 051-000-14-24-00, НИР 22062000010-6 «Изучение естественного хода процессов и явлений на территории Жигулевского государственного заповедника»; камеральная обработка материала выполнена за счет гранта Российского научного фонда (проект № 22-14-00026).
Rol de los exosomas provenientes de células de cáncer colorrectal irradiadas, sobre células receptoras mediado por “bystander effect”
Authors: Godoy Cabezas Mateo , Campos Olivares Francisca , Alarcón Díaz Jocelyn , Crisostomo Mendoza Mayra
Published: October 2024

múltiples ventajas, presenta importantes efectos adversos. Uno de estos es el denominado Bystander effect, donde las células irradiadas transmiten señales a células no expuestas a radiación, las cuales modifican su funcionamiento, asociándose a la formación de nuevos tumores primarios en zonas alejadas del tumor inicial. Recientemente, se han propuesto a los exosomas como mediadores del fenómeno Bystander effect, sin embargo, su contribución aún no está del todo esclarecida. Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de exosomas liberados por células de cáncer colorrectal en respuesta a una irradiación de 0,6 Gy, en células derivadas de tejido de colon normal. Metodología: Se emplearon técnicas de cultivo celular, ultracentrifugación para obtención de exosomas; cuantificación de muerte celular mediante azul de tipán; Rt-q-PCR para la expresión de transcritos antiapoptóticos. Resultado: Los exosomas provenientes de células cancerígenas inducen la muerte celular de forma progresiva en el tiempo y una tendencia a la baja de los transcritos antiapoptóticos BCL-2 y BCL-W. Conclusión: Se pudo observar que los exosomas liberados por células de cáncer colorrectal irradiadas, inducen la muerte de células de colon normales no sometidas a irradiación de forma progresiva en el tiempo y una tendencia a la baja de los transcritos antiapoptóticos BCL-2 y BCL-W, indicando una posible asociación con la vía apoptótica.
Epidemiología descriptiva de la enfermedad meningocócica en Chile entre los años 1990 y 2019
Authors: Ruz Martínez Rodrigo Ignacio , Jofré Márquez Antonio Andrés , Johow Reichert Mathias , Miranda Navia Benjamín Felipe , Hernández Antini Felipe Alberto , Plass Villanueva Bárbara
Published: October 2024

Introducción: La enfermedad meningocócica es una enfermedad infecciosa producida por la bacteria Neisseria meningitidis (meningococo). Ha ganado relevancia en Chile los últimos diez años debido al aumento de letalidad. En Chile existen dos vacunas contra el meningococo en el Programa Nacional de Inmunizaciones: la vacuna recombinante incorporada el 2023 y la vacuna conjugada incluida el 2014. Objetivo: Describir la situación epidemiológica de la enfermedad meningocócica en Chile entre 1990-2019, respecto a los cambios de mortalidad, letalidad, incidencia y predominio de serogrupos por año, para así dar a conocer la relación de distintos factores demográficos en la epidemiología de la enfermedad, además de establecer bases para futuros estudios sobre el impacto de la vacuna recombinante. Metodología: Se hizo un análisis descriptivo de datos extraídos del Ministerio de Salud de Chile y del Instituto Nacional de Estadística, basados en cálculos de elaboración propia. Resultados: Entre 2002-2011, hubo una disminución del 79% de mortalidad, seguido de un aumento de 320% para el 2012. La incidencia y la letalidad se relacionaron inversamente desde el 2000 en adelante. El predominio de serogrupos varió, predominando entre 2011-2018 el W-135, mientras que desde 2018 el serogrupo B fue el mayoritario. Discusión: La vacuna conjugada introducida el 2014 en respuesta al aumento de incidencia del serogrupo W-135, generó una disminución importante en la incidencia, mas no en letalidad. Conclusión: Es relevante considerar un futuro estudio epidemiológico sobre los efectos de la introducción de la vacuna recombinante en el Programa Nacional de Inmunizaciones.
Análisis de la situación epidemiológica internacional del cáncer de vejiga.
Authors: Berroeta Mauriziano Camila , Díaz Pierattini Natalia , Longeri Contreras Josefina , López San Martín Fernanda , Silva Jara Catalina , Schaad Concha Francisca
Published: October 2024

Introducción: El Cáncer de Vejiga es de las diez neoplasias más frecuentes del mundo. Se clasifica en no músculo invasor, músculo invasor y metastásico. Posee una alta prevalencia y tasa de recurrencia, generando un alto costo para la población. Objetivo: Describir la incidencia y mortalidad internacional del Cáncer Vesical durante 2000-2019. Metodología: Estudio observacional descriptivo, sobre la base de datos epidemiológicos del Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, sobre Cáncer de Vejiga entre 2000-2019. Se recolectó datos de magnitud, mortalidad y años de vida ajustados por discapacidad. Resultados: Durante el período, la incidencia se mantuvo y la mortalidad disminuyó un 11,7%. Se observó tres veces mayor probabilidad de desarrollar Cáncer Vesical y 2,8 veces más mortalidad en hombres que mujeres. Mayores de 70 años presentan 34,7 veces más riesgo de morir en comparación a personas menores. Países de alto ingreso tienen mayor incidencia y mortalidad, aunque su letalidad es menor en relación a regiones de bajo ingreso. Discusión: El 80% del diagnóstico de Cáncer de Vejiga es sobre los 65 años. La incidencia y mortalidad a nivel mundial es mayor en hombres, sobre 70 años y en países con alto ingreso. Aunque la mortalidad de este cáncer va en disminución, los pacientes viven con más años de discapacidad, por su alta tasa de recurrencia. Conclusión: El Cáncer vesical varía según sexo, edad y geografía. Los pacientes tienen más años de discapacidad influyendo en un alto costo económico y calidad de vida de las personas.
Asociación entre el biotipo facial y la clase esqueletal en pacientes entre 11 y 30 años atendidos en la Clínica de especialidades de ortodoncia UDD entre los años 2015 y 2020
Authors: Consigliere Huber Valentina , Donoso Wiedmaier Magdalena , Veloso Casado Valentina , Finkelstein Cañas Andrea , Ramos-Rojas José Tomás
Published: October 2024

Introducción: En ortodoncia, es importante la concordancia entre la clase esqueletal y biotipo facial para establecer un buen diagnóstico y tratamiento, para así corregir problemas de estética, dinámica mandibular y maloclusiones. Objetivos:  Evaluar la asociación entre el biotipo facial y la clase esquelética de paciente chilenos de 11 a 30 años que fueron atendidos en la clínica de especialidades en ortodoncia de la UDD. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio transversal analizando la asociación entre biotipo facial y clase esqueletal de pacientes atendidos en la CESP. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de las frecuencias absolutas y relativas de las distintas categorías y sus combinaciones. La asociación estadística fue determinada a través de la prueba x2. Resultados: Se incluyeron 290 participantes, 55.5% de sexo femenino, con una media de edad de 19,6 años. El biotipo más prevalente fue dolicofacial y la clase esqueletal fue clase II. En cuanto a la asociación 67 pacientes fueron clase II y dolicofacial, siendo la asociación más frecuente. Un 57.24 % no presento concordancia. Discusión: La normalidad en base al biotipo facial y clase esqueletal no fue predominante, esto se relaciona con problemas de maloclusión, estética y TTM. La terapia interceptiva y la cirugía ortognática son opciones para tratar las anomalías dentomaxilares dependiendo de factores como la edad y severidad de la condición. Conclusión: el 57,24% de la población no presenta una concordancia entre biotipo facial y clase esqueletal, por lo que un correcto diagnóstico, planificación y plan de tratamiento son esenciales para obtener resultados favorables.