bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Efecto de la fracción butanólica de las hojas de Calea prunifolia H.B.K. sobre la presión arterial y la relajación muscular en ratas wistar
Authors: Avella María Esperanza
Published: November 2015

Se evaluó el efecto cardiovascular en ratas inducido por la fracción butanólica de las hojas de Calea prunifolia H.B.K., examinando el efecto generado en preparaciones de anillos aislados de aorta y conducto deferente, y los cambios de presión arterial en ratas wistar anestesiadas y despiertas. También se cuantificó el efecto sobre la enzima convertidora de angiotensina (ECA) en plasma y sobre el calcio citosólico en cardiomiocitos y uteromiocitos. Los resultados mostraron que la fracción butanólica de C. prunifolia (0,1-100 μg/mL) relajaba anillos de aorta contraídos con fenilefrina (CI50: 58 μg/mL) y disminuía la contracción del conducto deferente inducido por noradrenalina con un perfil de inhibición competitiva (pA2: 4.48, m: 1.024). La fracción butanólica de C. prunifolia disminuye la presión sanguínea en ratas anestesiadas en función de la dosis (1-100 mg/kg, i.v.), si bien estuvo desprovista de efectos hipotensores en ratas despiertas. C. prunifolia tampoco modificó el efecto hipertensor inducido por el inhibidor de óxido nítrico sintetasa L-NAME, ni los niveles de ECA, ni la concentración de calcio citosólico en cardio y uteromiocitos. De acuerdo con estos resultados, C. prunifolia relaja el músculo liso y disminuye el tono vascular favoreciendo la disminución de la presión arterial en ratas por medio de mecanismos vinculados con la inhibición alfa adrenérgica.
Environmental justice and air quality in Santiago de Chile
Authors: Perez Richelle Rose
Published: November 2015

Objective The metropolitan region in Santiago, Chile has an air quality problem.  However, the larger issue may lie in the inequities created by the distribution of the air pollution.

Methods To assess the inequities created by the spatial differences in air pollution, the author analyzed fine particle pollution levels for 2008-2011 at monitoring stations throughout the region. The author also compared air quality data with socioeconomic data.

Results The areas of the Santiago metropolitan region with the worst air quality have lower socioeconomic levels. Pollution in these areas reaches levels higher than the current Chilean 24 hour standard for fine particles. These areas also have longer time periods of unhealthy air and 21 % more days with unhealthy levels of air pollution.

Discussion The differences in exposure to pollution create an inequality and environmental injustice among the socioeconomic groups in the metropolitan region. Chilean policymakers have the regulatory tools needed to improve environmental justice. However, they need to improve the implementation of these tools in order to achieve that goal: Chilean policy makers should consider local sources of air pollution in the most polluted municipalities; Government decision makers should make extra efforts to listen to the community and improve access to environmental information; Environmental justice advocates should involve stakeholders from the social justice movement and other related areas; Policy makers should track progress towards environmental justice by evaluating differences in health outcomes related to differential exposure to air pollution in different parts of the Santiago metropolitan area.
Análisis de redes sociales: una herramienta efectiva para evaluar coaliciones comunitarias
Authors: Ramos Vidal Ignacio
Published: November 2015

Objetivos Los objetivos de este artículo son presentar: a. Las aplicaciones del Análisis de Redes Sociales (ARS) en el estudio de coaliciones comunitarias y redes inter-organizativas; b. Los indicadores estructurales de la red completa relacionados con su funcionamiento, y; c. Los métodos para identificar subgrupos dentro de las redes.

Método Para ilustrar los procedimientos utilizaremos la visualización de grafos y datos de una investigación propia.

Resultados Proponemos orientaciones metodológicas para evaluar y fortalecer coaliciones comunitarias a través de ARS.

Conclusiones El análisis estructural es una potente herramienta para evaluar y optimizar el funcionamiento de coaliciones que prestan servicios socio-sanitarios, al mismo tiempo es necesario conocer el contexto específico y emplear herramientas de investigación cualitativas para contrastar la información obtenida mediante ARS.
Análisis climático de la concentración de metales pesados asociados al sedimento depositado sobre vías urbanas
Authors: Zafra Mejía Carlos Alfonso , Santamaria Galindo Diana Marcela , Torres Galindo Christian David
Published: November 2015

Objetivo Realizar una evaluación climática (diaria) de la concentración de metales pesados (Pb y Cu) asociada con el sedimento depositado sobre las superficies viales de las localidades de Kennedy y Puente Aranda (Bogotá D.C., Colombia). Adicionalmente, se evaluaran las concentraciones detectadas con respecto a la legislación seleccionada como de referencia para la protección de la salud humana en suelo urbano.

Métodos La concentración se determinó mediante espectrometría de absorción atómica con llama; previamente las muestras fueron digeridas en una mezcla de ácido clorhídrico y nítrico (3:1; agua regia).

Resultados Se evidencia con respecto a la fracción de tamaño del sedimento vial más cercana a la potencialmente inhalable desde el punto de vista de la salud pública (≤ 10 µm), que las concentraciones metálicas en promedio tienden a aumentar en tiempo seco (29 %). Al respecto, las concentraciones durante estos períodos de tiempo son en promedio 1,69 veces superiores al valor límite más bajo fijado por la normatividad de referencia. No obstante, se sugiere que las concentraciones metálicas están dominadas por el uso del suelo antes que por las condiciones climáticas.

Conclusiones Los hallazgos se constituyen en un punto de referencia a nivel colombiano para la discusión y publicación de normatividad ambiental asociada con la protección de la salud humana por metales pesados, y para visualizar futuras líneas de investigación acerca del efecto del cambio climático sobre las concentraciones metálicas en ambientes urbanos.   
Accidentes y lesiones: Necesidad de cambio de paradigma
Authors: Rodríguez-Hernández. Jorge M.
Published: November 2015

Desde hace al menos 20 años, la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS) y la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), han reorientado el enfoque conceptual de accidentes, poniendo énfasis en los resultados (lesión, traumatismo, muerte), bajo la óptica que estos eventos no ocurren sólo por azar y que era necesario identificar los factores asociados a su ocurrencia para controlarlos y prevenirlos (1).Un accidente o un evento accidental es definido como un grupo complejo de eventos, de carácter no intencional, súbito e incidental, que genera un comportamiento humano responsable de una posible lesión(1,2).

 

En el presente, los Centros  de Control de Enfermedades de los Estados Unidos (CDC), reconocen que las lesiones son aceptadas como parte de nuestras vidas; no obstante, éstas no son accidentes. Las lesiones, en su gran mayoría pueden ser prevenidas, y sus consecuencias pueden ser reducidas, para lo cual se debe trabajar en su prevención (3).

 

Algunos autores definen una lesión como el desequilibrio existente entre la energía biomecánica transferida que produce daño a un organismo (4). Para otros, corresponde a un daño que padece un organismo y se caracteriza por dos condiciones: el daño ocurre de forma rápida y aparece súbitamente, el agente causal es la energía que interactúa con el cuerpo (5).Las lesiones se clasifican en no intencionales e intencionales; las primeras son secundarias a la ocurrencia de una variedad de mecanismos que involucran lesiones causadas por el tráfico, fuego, líquidos calientes, caídas y envenenamientos accidentales; las segundas involucran hechos violentos como intentos de suicidio, lesiones personales u homicidios.

 

También, desde hace algunos años, las revistas Injury Prevention y el British Medical Journal (6) no aceptan como palabras clave ni en los contenidos de los artículos la palabra accidente. Noto con preocupación que en Colombia esta diferenciación aún no es clara, por lo que es importante que los salubristas públicos, los medios académicos, periodísticos y de comunicación, cambiemos el paradigma de accidentes por lesiones. Los primeros son frutos del azar, mientras que las lesiones son eventos prevenibles cuyos factores de riesgo deben ser identificados e intervenidos. 
Medicinal plants with cholesterol-lowering effect marketed in the Buenos Aires-La Plata conurbation, Argentina: An Urban Ethnobotany study
Authors: Hurrell Julio Alberto , Puentes Jeremías Pedro , Arenas Patricia Marta
Published: November 2015

This contribution presents 82 species of medicinal plants whose products are sold and consumed as cholesterol-lowering in the Buenos Aires-La Plata conurbation, Argentina. The hypocholesterolemic effect is relevant because the high level of blood cholesterol is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, leading causes of death and disability almost worldwide. The species were selected from their locally assigned use, obtained from interviews with informants, data labels, prospectus and leaflets of products, and information diffused in the media, specially the Internet. Furthermore, a bibliographic review on scientific studies that validate the biological activity and effects of each species was accomplished. The theoretical framework of this research argues that urban botanical knowledge comprising some knowledge linked to traditions of various immigrants segments (invisible to most of the local population), and other non-traditional knowledge (visible). The evaluation of these kinds of knowledge is approached from the plant products circulation in the restricted circuits of immigrants (Bolivian and Chinese for this contribution) and the general commercial circuit, so that products that pass from the first circuit to the second gain visibility. The movement of plant products that acquire visibility also expressed the botanical knowledge transmission from one context to another, a transmission enhanced and accelerated by the media. In this frame, the visibility levels of plant products considered hypocholesterolemic in the study area are discussed.
First record of Nasua nasua (Linnaeus, 1766) (Mammalia: Carnivora: Procyonidae) for the Zulia state, western Venezuela
Authors: Prieto-Torres David A. , Herrera-Trujillo Olga L. , Ferrer-Pérez Arnaldo
Published: November 2015

We report a new record for the South American coati, Nasua nasua (Linnaeus, 1766), based on a specimen from Sierra de Perijá, Zulia state, western Venezuela. This specimen represents the first record of the species for the state, increasing to 192 the number of mammals reported for Zulia. It also extends the species distribution in about 245 km northwest from the nearest known locality in Venezuela, and about 80 km from the nearest locality in Colombia.
New records of the genus Whartonia (Acari, Leeuwenhoekiidae) associated with the bat Carollia perspicillata from southeastern Brazil
Authors: Da Silveira Paulo Sergio Amorim , Bernardi Leopoldo Ferreira de Oliveira , Pepato Almir Rogério
Published: November 2015

Two species of mites belonging to the genus Whartonia Ewing, 1944, family Leeuwenhoekiidae (Womersley, 1944), were obtained from Carollia per­spicillata (Linnaeus, 1758) bats from mine tunnels in the municipalities of São José da Safira and Medina, Brazil: W. (W). pachywhartoni Vercammen-Grandjean, 1966 and W. (W.) nudosetosa Wharton, 1938. A table with all Whartonia (Whartonia) species and their respective morphological characters is presented.
A list of reptiles and amphibians from Box Gum Grassy Woodlands in south-eastern Australia
Authors: Kay Geoffrey M. , Michael Damian R. , Crane Mason , Okada Sachiko , MacGregor Christopher , Florance Daniel , Trengove David , McBurney Lachlan , Blair David , Lindenmayer David B.
Published: November 2015

A large-scale biodiversity monitoring program examining the response of herpetofauna to the Australian Government’s Environmental Stewardship Program is taking place in south-eastern Australia within the critically endangered Box Gum Grassy Woodland vegetation community. Field surveys involve counting reptiles in areas under Environmental Stewardship management. These “Stewardship” areas have been matched with areas managed for primary production (domestic livestock grazing). We list reptiles recorded during surveys conducted between 2010 and 2012. We recorded sixty-nine species from ten families. The list will be useful for workers interested in the zoogeographical distribution of reptiles and amphibians in fragmented agricultural woodland ecosystems.
A floristic study on herbs and climbing plants at Puducherry, South India: an approach to biodiversity conservation and regeneration through eco-restoration
Authors: Ponnuchamy Raja , Pragasam Arunachalam , Aravajy Soupramanien , Patel Prakash , Das Lipi , Anupama Krishnamurthy
Published: November 2015

A qualitative floristic exploration with life form classifications and monitoring of flowering and fruiting phenology has been carried out at a restored site near Puducherry, South India in 2009 and 2010. The species were classified into three categories based on their occurrence status, namely, Naturally Occurring, Naturally Regenerated and Introduced. The present study focuses only on two life forms, the Herbaceous and the Climbing plants. The site selected for eco-restoration originally comprised of an eroded and severely degraded landscape with scattered remnant species. However, active human intervention over a thirty year period included the introduction of appropriate plant species and other physical measures to enhance soil fertility and ground water level, and regenerate and conserve the deteriorating typical Tropical dry evergreen forest (TDEF) vegetation. A large number of naturally ccurring herbaceous, climbing species (172) and a consistent number of naturally regenerated species (44) are now observed as a result of eco-restoration. Lowland herbaceous species have also established themselves as a green cover at ground level. At present, parts of the area have fertile soils and rich floristic composition with the herbaceous life form represented by 165 species encompassed in 105 genera and 37 families, and the climbing plants represented by 68 species belonging to 54 genera and 25 families. ‘Genus to family’ and ‘species to genus’ ratios indicate the establishment of diverse vegetation in the study site. Nearly one third of the species have been observed flowering throughout the year and about half of the species were observed fruiting throughout the year. We emphasize that the two fold approach of land and vegetation reclamation has been very effective in helping restore the unique TDEF vegetation at the local level and the same may be extended to help regenerate and conserve the Coromandel Coastal vegetation at the regional scale.
Strobilurus torquatus Wiegmann, 1834 (Squamata: Tropiduridae): new records from the Brazilian state of Paraíba and a geographic distribution map
Authors: Rodrigues Keoma Coutinho , Delfim Fagner Ribeiro , Castro Carla Soraia Soares de , França Frederico Gustavo Rodrigues , Filho Edinaldo Leite , Mesquita Daniel Oliveira , Oliveira Felipe Araújo de , Santos Alinny Costa Araújo dos , Ferrari Stephen Francis , Valença- Montenegro Mônica Mafra
Published: November 2015

We provide the first records of Strobilurus torquatus from the Brazilian state of Paraíba and review its distribution based on specimens available in Brazilian collections and published data. This result emphasizes the need for more surveys on reptiles at this region.
Pterocymbium tinctorium (Merrill, 1901) (Magnoliophyta: Malvales: Sterculiaceae: Sterculioideae): new record from mainland India and extension of geographic distribution
Authors: Singh Bikarma , Adhikari Dibyendu , Barik Saroj Kanta , Chettri Arun
Published: November 2015

We present a new record of the winged-boot tree (Pterocymbium tinctorium) discovered in the Khasi Hills of Meghalaya on the Indian mainland. With this record, the known geographical distribution of P. tinctorium is now extended up to the foothills of the Eastern Himalayas in Southeast Asia. The species was recorded from the tropical moist deciduous forests of Meghalaya. The habitat of P. tinctorium was characterized by the presence of surface lime-stone with karst topography. Future investigations should aim at identifying the factors responsible for the restricted distribution of this species so that appropriate conservation measures can be taken.
Actinopterygii, Atheriniformes, Atherinopsidae, Odontesthes bonariensis Valenciennes, 1835: new records for the Plata Basin, Argentina
Authors: Avigliano Esteban , Volpedo Alejandra Vanina
Published: November 2015

The present work reports the presence of the silverside Odontesthes bonariensis Valenciennes, 1835, in 11 water bodies and six new locations from the lower Plata Basin (Argentina).
First report of naturalization of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. 1783 (Piperales: Saururaceae) in South America
Authors: Alves Ruy José Válka , Medeiros Débora , Moura Ricardo Loyola de , Gusmão Luiza Carla Trindade de , Silva Nílber Gonçalves da , Antunes Kelly , Matozinhos Carolina , Blanco Mario A.
Published: November 2015

A relatively large and established population of Houttuynia cordata from Itatiaia National Park in Brazil represents the first record of naturalized Saururaceae in South America. Although the species is potentially invasive, unknown mechanisms have prevented its spread to other localities between 1940, when it was recorded in cultivation in Brazil, and the present. The nearest known naturalized population is situated 5,600 km away, in Costa Rica, Central America.
First record of Gymnotus henni (Albert, Crampton and Maldonado, 2003) in Panama: phylogenetic position and electric signal characterization
Authors: Alda Fernando , Picq Sophie , León Luis Fernando De , González Rigoberto , Walz Henriette , Bermingham Eldredge , Krahe Rüdiger
Published: November 2015

We present the first record of the weakly electric fish Gymnotus henni in Panama, which also represents the first record of Gymnotus in the Pacific slope of the country. One specimen was collected in a tributary of the Chucunaque River in the Tuira basin. The species showed a monophasic electric organ discharge. Molecular analyses indicated that G. henni from Panama and Colombia are closely related and represent an independent and basal lineage to the Central American G. cylindricus and South American G. carapo groups. Evolutionary and biogeographic implications are discussed.
An update on the distribution of the Brazilian Funnel-eared Bat, Natalus macrourus (Gervais, 1856) (Mammalia, Chiroptera), with new records from the Brazilian Northeastern
Authors: Rocha Patrício Adriano da , Mikalauskas Jefferson Simanas , Bocchiglieri Adriana , Feijó José Anderson , Ferrari Stephen F.
Published: November 2015

We present data on the geographic distribution, morphology, and biology of the Brazilian funnel-eared bat, Natalus (Gervais, 1856), with new records for the Brazilian state of Sergipe, filling a gap of approximately 800 km in the distribution of the species in Brazilian Northeast.
New records of nudibranchs (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Bahia state, northeastern Brazil
Authors: Sales Licia , Queiroz Vinicius , Padula Vinicius , Neves Elizabeth G. , Johnsson Rodrigo
Published: November 2015

Although around 3,000 species of nudibranchs are known worldwide, only nearly 100 species are reported from Brazil. From Bahia State, northeastern Brazil, only seven species are listed. The current article provides four new records of nudibranchs from this region: Geitodoris pusae (Marcus 1955); Felimida paulomarcioi (Domínguez, García and Troncoso 2006); Felimida binza (Marcus and Marcus 1963) and Cadlina rumia Marcus 1955. The new records presented herein fill part of a historical gap in the species geographic distribution, and increase to eleven the number of nudibranch species known from Bahia.
Canadian Literature in the Early Twenty-First Century: The Emergence of an Inter-American Perspective
Authors: Fitz Earl E
Published: November 2015

Historically, Canadian literature has been chary of entering too far into the new discipline of inter-American literary study. Rightly concerned about the danger of blurring its identity as a distinctive national literature (one made up, as is well known, of two great strands, the French and the English), Canadian writing has, however, come of age, both nationally and internationally. One dramatic aspect of this transformation is that we now have mounting evidence that both English and French Canadian writers are actively engaging with the literatures and cultures of their hemispheric neighbors. By extending the methodologies of Comparative Literature to the inter-American paradigm, Canadian writers, critics, and literary historians are finding ways to maintain their status as members of a unique and under-appreciated national literature while also entering into the kinds of comparative studies that demonstrate their New World ties as well.
Defoe'sEssay upon Literatureand Eighteenth-Century Histories of Mediation
Authors: McDowell Paula
Published: November 2015

Questions of divine intercession and the human transmission of God's word were central to Enlightenment debates about what we would now call media. De foe's neglected Essay upon Literature begins as an argument for the divine origins of writing, but its focus on writing as God's git to humans gives way to a new kind of history, concerned with the development of human communications (oral tradition, writing systems, the invention of printing, and so on). By identifying histories of mediation, like Defoe's, as a distinct genre, we see new links between texts by such wildly diverse authors as Edward Stillingleet, William Temple, William Warburton, Adam Smith, and the Marquis de Con dorcet. Defoe's attempt to articulate an emergent area of intellectual inquiry and his understanding of literature as writing in general rather than as a subcategory of writing challenge us to think through our own generic classiications and hierarchies in the digital age.
Troubling the Cold War Logic of Annihilation: Apocalyptic Temporalities in Sherman Alexie's The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistfight in Heaven
Authors: Fraser Gordon
Published: November 2015

Sherman Alexie's widely taught short story collection The Lone Ranger and Tonto Fistight in Heaven (1993) ofers a largely unrecognized critique of the apocalyptic temporalities of United States militarism. War planners in the United States have frequently looked to the unrealized, potential holocausts of the future for a justiication of violence in the present. Alexie's collection—like much contemporary literature by Indian writers—unsettles this military logic by revealing how First Nations in North America and peoples around the world live with the consequences of a militarism that continually envisages impending antiAmerican violence as a means of justifying violence by the state. Alexie's writing provides a way of replacing the violent, futureoriented temporality of United States militarism with a “slow” temporality that acknowledges the un folding consequences of the past. Ultimately, this essay suggests a method for rereading “ethnic studies” literature with a view toward the interventions these texts make in mainstream United States culture.
The Common Core: Let the Light Sing
Authors: Steiner David
Published: November 2015

As a former dean ina college made up of students from more than 150 countries, most of whom were the first in their family to continue their education past high school, I do not find it difficult to celebrate the pluribus that makes up the United States. In this role, I was reminded too that America has registered important successes in its quest to offer a democratic education, an education available to all and providing every student an equal opportunity to make the most of his or her abilities.
The Secret Life of Fiction
Authors: Zunshine Lisa
Published: November 2015

A troubling feature of the common core state standards initiative (CCSSI) for english language arts (ELA) is its failure to recognize literature as a catalyst of complex thinking in students. According to the CCSSI, to “prepare all students for success in college, career, and life,” children must read texts “more complex” than “stories and literature” (“English Language Arts Standards”). The assumption that “stories” are inferior to nonfiction has a long tradition in Western culture; tapping into that prejudice is easy, and no proof seems to be required.
The Princess Steel
Authors: Du Bois W. E. B. , Brown Adrienne , Rusert Britt
Published: November 2015

In his 1926 essay “criteria of negro art,” W. E. B. Du Bois famously argued that “all art is propaganda and ever must be” (296). Du Bois's reputation as a fiction writer has long suffered because of his unwavering commitment to the propagandistic function of art. The Harlem Renaissance writer Wallace Thurman's 1928 claim that “the artist in him has been stifled in order that the propagandist may survive” (219) would be echoed for decades by critics who continued to view Du Bois's fiction as overly didactic, “insignificant and pallid” (Rigsby i), and bafflingly eccentric. Recently scholars have begun to reverse this disparagement while excavating how Du Bois used fiction to test out and amplify his developing philosophical and sociological positions over the many decades of his career. Du Bois's fantasy story “The Princess Steel,” published for the first time here, provides another opportunity to consider Du Bois as a writer of fiction as well as an enthusiastic reader of genre fiction. This addition to the growing archive of Du Bois's fiction illuminates his use of speculative romance to explain not only the pitfalls of industrial capitalism but also the romantic possibilities of social revolution.
David Lodge Interviewed by Chris Walsh
Authors: Baker William
Published: November 2015

The Eminent British Novelist and Literary critic David Lodge was interviewed in 1984 by Chris Walsh, then a lecturer in English at St Mary's Teachers Training College, now St Mary's University, Twickenham, London. Lodge spoke about his background—his Catholic education and its influence on him, his early reading of Graham Greene and Evelyn Waugh—and about literary criticism and fiction. The interview was published in the literary magazineStrawberry Fare, produced by the English department at St Mary's, which is situated on Strawberry Hill. During its short run, from 1981 to 1989,Strawberry Farepublished fascinating interviews with leading literary figures, including, in addition to Lodge, Tom Stoppard, Seamus Heaney, Beryl Bainbridge, and others. Today copies of the journal are extremely scarce. The only complete runs appear to be in the British Library (call number ZK.9.a.41) and in the archives of St Mary's.
Features of Self-Regulation in the Context of Subculture of Football Fans
Authors: Uzikova A.Y. , Frolov Y.I.
Published: November 2015

The paper presents some outcomes of a research on features of transition to adulthood in a specific context of the subculture of football fans. This period is analyzed from the perspective of development of self-determi¬nation mechanisms. The hypothesis was advanced that comparing features of meaning regulation and ways of life in fans and non-fans may help reveal the patterns of development. This was tested on a sample of 148 sub¬jects aged 18—30 years, among which were 73 fans and 75 non-fans. The specifics of the subjects' ways of life explored with V.P. Serkin's technique of semantic differential suggest that there are considerable differences between the fans and non-fans in the rates of activity, happiness and some other characteristics. At the same time, the rates of self-determination, meaning regulation and tolerance to uncertainty proved to be insignifi¬cant in terms of group differences. However, the conducted pattern analysis (D. Magnusson) helped to reveal four types of self-regulation and to correlate them with independent research on self-determination during the transition to adulthood. The paper concludes that studying developmental processes in subcultural contexts as identifiers of personally significant meanings can be very promising.
Influence of Affective, Cognitive and Situational Factors on Decision-Making in the Negotiations (on the Example of “Prisoners’ Dilemma”)
Authors: Khachaturova M.R. , Fedotova Z.E.
Published: November 2015

We present the results of testing the hypothesis about the influence of affective, cognitive and situational factors on decision-making. We describe an experiment in which the process of negotiating was modeled with the help of “Prisoners’ Dilemma” game theory. The study involved 150 subjects, 86 women and 64 men, mean age was 20.6 years. The results showed that positive emotions increase the likelihood of a decision in favor of a strategy of cooperation. With negative emotions, the opponents tend to choose a strategy of confrontation. In forming the effect of the disposition, aimed at the choice of cooperation strategy, the likelihood of a decision-making in accordance with this disposition increases. If time is short, the opponent chooses a strategy of confrontation. On the basis of these results a number of practical recommendations and a program of psychological training can be formulated.
Normative and Values Representation of Modern Parents, Teachers, Educators (Analysis of the Content of Moral Judgments)
Authors: Shelina S.L. , Mitina O.
Published: November 2015

We present the results of the analysis of adults’ moral judgments, directly related to the process of socialization of the young generation in the modern metropolis (parents, teachers, educators). As a prototype, we used Piaget study of moral judgments of children. The comparative analysis of the content of the respondents judgment allows to discuss the question of the degree of similarity of ideas about norm. The revealed statistically significant differences between “parents” and “teachers” give reason to raise a practical question about the possibility of functional interchangeability of these groups in teaching practice. Based on the analysis, we raise the question of the need for comprehensive research of normative value system, which is part of the regulation of the activity of children and adults. We also discuss broader issues relating to the original explanatory model, revealing its ambiguity, variability and complex structural organization of the normative value block of activity regulation.
Adaptation of the PASS Questionnaire on Russian sample
Authors: Zvereva M.V.
Published: November 2015

We present the results of the PASS questionnaire adaptation on the Russian sample. The description of the PASS and differences from the original version are provided. The study was conducted in two stages. The first stage involves the allocation of a fixed number of factors – causes of procrastination and personality traits of a procrastinator, and the allocation of the normal frequency distribution of procrastination in the Russian-speaking population. The second stage involves checking the stability of selected factors with the test-retest studies with 30 days delay. The first stage of the study involved 148 subjects, the second stage - 31 subjects. Subjects in both groups were men and women aged 18 to 25 years with at least completed secondary education. Fixed factors of procrastination causes and personality traits of procrastinators were found in the first group of subjects. In the second group of subjects, these data have been verified by test-retest.
Possible Effects of the Electronic Social Media on Gifted and Talented Children’s Intelligence and Relationships
Authors: Freeman J.
Published: November 2015

In just a few decades, electronic networks have expanded beyond all expectations. Instant messaging via smart phones and computers of all sorts whizz round the world. Researchers and policy makers are strongly divided in their findings and conclusions as to the effects of possible persuasive changes on the lives of our children. Electronic social media might positively revolutionise learning, professional development, advocacy, research and policy-making, but they might also encourage superficial rather than deep thought, thus negatively affecting children’s intellect and personal relationships. This paper takes a look at some approaches to the interactions of positive and negative impacts with special implications for gifted and talented children.
Análise de Estudos Internacionais sobre os Fatores que Influenciam a Decisão dos Agricultores pela Produção Orgânica
Authors: Leal de Souza Ângela Rozane , Machado João Armando Dessimon , Dalcin Dionéia
Published: November 2015

Os produtos de origem orgânica mostram-se como uma alternativa viável de obtenção de alimentos preconizados pela produção ecologicamente correta e socialmente justa. Este artigo objetiva explorar, com base em revisão bibliográfica, as variáveis que influenciam a tomada de decisão do agricultor em adotar a produção convencional, ou optar pela produção orgânica. Esse objetivo leva em conta as condições de racionalidade limitada que devem ser consideradas quanto à tomada de decisões dos agricultores em virtude da complexidade do ambiente. Os resultados apontam os fatores que influenciam a tomada de decisão dos agricultores pela agricultura orgânica, tais como, a pressão social, estilo de vida e redução no uso de agrotóxicos, além de evidenciar que as políticas públicas para incentivar a produção orgânica devem centrar-se em informação, tecnologia e finanças.
Floristic and Ecology of Orchidaceae in Semideciduous Seasonal Forest Fragment in Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: Pedroso de Moraes Cristiano , Souza-Leal Thiago , Favetta Marcela Marques da Silva , Sommer Janiere Regina , Prezzi Ligia Eleonor , Canonici Thiago Fernandes , Raymundo Junior Olavo
Published: November 2015

The neotropical riparian forests are widely studied, but there are little informations about orchids in phytophisiognomies. The aim of this study was to characterize the floristic composition, and ecological relationship and categories related to habitat of Orchidaceae family representatives in riparian forest in Semideciduous Seasonal Forest fragment in Araras, SP. By the demarcation of 20 plots of 20 X 10 m (400 m2) parallel to the local water body, it was sampled 10 genera and 12 species: Baptistonia cornigera, Campylocentrum grisebachii, Campylocentrum robustum, Capanemia micromera, Catasetum fimbriatum, Cattleya loddigesii, Oeceoclades maculata, Pleurothallis miniato-lineolata, Polystachya estrellensis, Sacoila lanceolata and Lophiaris pumila. The existing populations of orchids in the study area decreased due to anthropogenic disturbance, resulting in the current low diversity. High densities presented by some species, chiefly L. pumila, make it clear the processes of recolonization related to adaptative mechanisms and to the current conservation status of the fragment. FLORÍSTICA E ECOLOGIA DE ORCHIDACEAE EM FRAGMENTO FLORESTAL ESTACIONAL SEMIDECIDUAL DE ARARAS, SÃO PAULO, BRASIL RESUMO: Os bosques ribeirinhos neotropicais são amplamente estudados, entretanto, existem poucas informações a respeito de orquídeas nestas fitofisionomias. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a composição florística, a relação ecológica e categorias relacionadas com o habitat dos representantes da família Orchidaceae em fragmento Florestal Estacional Semidecidual ribeirinho em Araras (SP). Pela demarcação de 20 parcelas de 20 x 10 m (400 m2) paralelas ao corpo d’água local, foram amostrados 10 gêneros e 12 espécies: Baptistonia cornigera, Campylocentrum grisebachii, Campylocentrum robustum, Capanemia micromera, Catasetum fimbriatum, Cattleya loddigesii, Oeceoclades maculata, Pleurothallis miniato-lineolata, Polystachya estrellensis, Sacoila lanceolata e Lophiaris pumila. As populações de orquídeas existentes na área de estudo se reduziram devido à perturbação antropogênica, que resultou na baixa diversidade atual. As altas densidades apresentadas por algumas espécies, principalmente L. pumila, demonstram processos de recolonização relacionados com os mecanismos adaptativos e o estado de conservação atual do fragmento. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Fitogeografia; Orquídeas; Taxonomia.
Why Theory Matters More than Ever in the Age of Big Data
Authors: Wise Alyssa Friend , Shaffer David Williamson
Published: November 2015

It is an exhilarating and important time for conducting research on learning, with unprecedented quantities of data available. There is danger, however, in thinking that with enough data, the numbers speak for themselves. In fact, with larger amounts of data, theory plays an ever-more critical role in analysis. In this introduction to the special section on learning analytics and learning theory we describe some critical problems in the analysis of large-scale data that occur when theory is not involved. These range from the question of to which of the many possible variables a researcher should attend to how to interpret a multitude of micro-results and make them actionable. We conclude our comments with a discussion of how the collection of empirical papers included in the special section and the commentaries that were invited on them speak to these challenges, and in doing so represent important steps towards theory-informed and theory-contributing learning analytics work. Our ultimate goal is to provoke a critical dialogue in the field about the ways in which learning analytics work draws on and contributes to theory.
What determines the allowance of bank loans for investment – an overview of Kosovo SMEs
Authors: Peci Florin
Published: November 2015

The present study determines firm and entrepreneurship characteristics of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) active in international trade towards investment and growth. Using data collected through self-administered interviews with 180 SMEs in Kosovo, we investigated factors that influence the investment growth financed by bank loans. Econometric model of linear regression indicates that a large number of firm and entrepreneur characteristics including experience, sector, business plan, audit statements, collateral significantly affect investment growth. Our findings suggest that especially education of SMEs managers have higher rate of financing sources through bank loan. The study concludes with respective findings translated into recommendations, which have to be considered by relevant stakeholders active in entrepreneurship and policymaking.
Factors influencing e-commerce development: Implications for the developing countries
Authors: Mbayo Kabango Christian , Romeo Asa Asa
Published: November 2015

The rapid growth of E-Commerce initiatives in the world reflects its compelling advantages, such as enhanced governmental performance, lower cost structure, greater flexibility, broader scale and scope of services, greater transparency, accountability, and faster transactions. This study aims to determine the connection and effects that attitudes have on e-commerce is paramount to developing e-commerce. In developing countries, IT and communication or rather e-commerce growth are substantial. Technology effectiveness is essential in E-Commerce success. However, human, economic, and other organizational issues must be taken into account as well. In this study, we evaluated the current status of E-Commerce in developing countries. The evaluation of current status reveals opportunities that should be seriously tackled by organizations, if they are to survive the consequences of globalization and open markets. There should be an immediate implementation of a governmental infrastructure to support e-commerce.
Table of Contents
Authors: Alicik Hasan
Published: November 2015

Table of Contents
Aborto en Uruguay y América Latina: el posicionamiento de los ciudadanos
Authors: Rossi Máximo , Triunfo Patricia
Published: November 2015

En la mayoría de los países de América Latina, el aborto es ilegal, aunque existen causas atenuantes y eximentes de su práctica. Sin embargo, estudios realizados en países con procesos liberalizadores por más de dos décadas, como Estados Unidos, muestran la persistencia de actitudes diferentes frente al aborto, que van desde visiones pro vida a visiones pro elección. Este trabajo, a partir del Latinobarómetro 2007, analiza los patrones actitudinales de los individuos ante el aborto, con énfasis en su grado de justificación en función de características socioeconómicas, fe   religiosidad, así como en las características propias de los países. Las estimaciones por mínimos cuadrados ordinarios para 18 países de América Latina muestran que los hombres menores de 40 años, agnósticos, con alto nivel educativo y acceso socioeconómico son quienes más justifican el aborto; así mismo, Uruguay —en especial, su población femenina— es el país donde más se justifica.
Cultivos ilícitos: una mirada desde el sistema de cuentas nacionales
Authors: Bazzani C. Carmen Lucía , Bernal Garzón Manuel
Published: November 2015

En este artículo se presenta un análisis de la evolución de los cultivos ilícitos en Colombia a través del Sistema de Cuentas Nacionales que sirve de base para el estudio de las transacciones y el uso del producto en una economía. Mediante la metodología de insumo producto se demuestra que, gracias a la acción de la política antidroga desarrollada por el Gobierno nacional, su importancia en la generación del valor agregado ha venido cambiando y disminuyendo a través del tiempo.
Los conflictos intraestatales contemporáneos: una aproximación a sus causas estructurales
Authors: Guerrero Sierra Hugo F.
Published: November 2015

La propuesta del presente artículo es plantear un análisis conceptual en torno al fenómeno del conflicto social, específicamente cuando este deriva en dinámicas de orden violento. Del mismo modo, una vez establecida esta puntualización conceptual, y a través de la alusión a casos particulares, se presenta un breve recorrido por diferentes aportes que, desde el mundo de la academia, se han venido planteando respecto a la conexión entre el fenómeno de los conflictos intraestatales y sus posibles causas estructurales.
Una revisión a la investigación en responsabilidad social corporativa en el sector bancario
Authors: Duque Orozco Yenni Viviana , Martínez Barón Deissy , Botón Gómez Sandra Liliana
Published: November 2015

Este documento revisa los estudios de responsabilidad social corporativa (RSC) en el sector bancario. Busca identificar los principales problemas analizados al respecto en la literatura científica, así como las metodologías empleadas, a través de una revisión extensa de artículos de investigación, libros y capítulos de libros publicados en las bases de datos Scopus y Journal Citation Index (antes ISI) entre 1998 y 2011. Los resultados evidencian un alto interés por parte de los investigadores en estudiar la divulgación de la RSC del sector bancario empleando métodos cuantitativos y cualitativos; sin embargo, fenómenos como la percepción de los stakeholders al respecto del desempeño social y ambiental de las entidades bancarias, el impacto de las prácticas de RSC en el desarrollo local o nacional de países en vías de desarrollo (especialmente en Latinoamérica) y la responsabilidad del sector en la bancarización no se han abordado en profundidad.
Los contratos internacionales en el marco de los negocios de las mipymes
Authors: López Fonseca Martha Cecilia
Published: November 2015

El objetivo es explicar de manera general algunas de las posibilidades que tienen las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas (mipymes) para internacionalizarse, teniendo en cuenta, entre otros aspectos, la elaboración del contrato preferiblemente escrito. El significado del comercio internacional parte de las corrientes mercantilistas, clásica y neoclásica, y de postulados contemporáneos como la teoría de la ventaja competitiva, que demuestran la importancia del intercambio de bienes y servicios para las economías. Las relaciones comerciales internacionales de cualquier empresa se basan en requerimientos de importar o exportar materias primas, maquinaria, bienes finales e intermedios, o aprovisionarse de servicios. Sin embargo, en la práctica, las relaciones pueden abarcar un mayor espectro que las operaciones mencionadas. En este ensayo se mencionan algunos elementos que deben ser considerados por las partes cuando se haga la negociación y que quedarán plasmados en el cuerpo del contrato.
Convergencia regional en el índice de desarrollo humano en Colombia
Authors: Ríos Hernández Héctor Fabio , León Nieto Diego Ismael
Published: November 2015

Una de las preocupaciones básicas acerca de la teoría del crecimiento y desarrollo económico ha sido la de conocer si las diferencias en los niveles de bienestar y riqueza existentes entre países tienden a disminuir o a desaparecer. Desde un debate amplio sobre la teoría de la convergencia y teniendo en cuenta las definiciones y los objetivos del desarrollo humano, este trabajo, mediante la aplicación de la técnica econométrica de datos de panel, pretende encontrar el grado de convergencia regional en Colombia, abordando la importancia que tienen las disparidades en el contexto del desarrollo humano, el cual surge como herramienta fundamental para el crecimiento económico sostenible y generalizado, que además de generar productividad en la economía, puede contribuir en la disminución de las brechas de inequidad. El enfoque de este informe de investigación estará encaminado por los lineamientos neoclásicos, inmersos en el contexto multidimensional del índice de desarrollo humano (IDH).

 
Productividad ecológica territorial: ¿un camino a la seguridad alimentaria?
Authors: Meza Carvajalino Carlos Arturo
Published: November 2015

The paper presents some elements associated to the approaches to bioeconomy. The purpose is to debate the conflicts in the territory when it is conceived as a space of social historical construct governed by human laws and institutions that make it possible to mitigate the different levels of power exerted on their soil, and as a natural means self-regulated by the law of thermodynamics. As a methodological approach, a case study in the city of Medellín is taken, namely Mujeres populares en la gestión alimentaria en la ciudad urbano-rural de Medellín (Popular women in food management in the urban-rural city of Medellin). This is the result of an interest in understanding how energy flows and how material cycles are established in ecosystems, as well as their use value and exchange value in the relationships and interests of both the market and in the process and the strategies of communities in order to ensure food security.
Experiencias en gestión de sistemas productivos de interés social: caso de Corpoc y la Fundación Furmos
Authors: Camacho Montoya Marcela , Abella Villamil Óscar Augusto
Published: November 2015

Las teorías del desarrollo humano desde las capacidades humanas tienen como referentes teóricos las competencias de afiliación, logro y poder, y el análisis de la gestión empresarial. Se pretende comparar experiencias de sistemas productivos de interés social desde un análisis de los casos particulares de las empresas Corpoc y Furmos. Para lo anterior se partió de un proyecto previo realizado en Corpoc, se recolectó la información por medio de entrevistas y sesiones de trabajo y se caracterizaron las instituciones. Se encuentra que el modelo de gestión de Corpoc es asociativo plano con un solo líder y el de Furmos es un modelo de gestión asociativo estratégico. Sus integrantes dependen del líder con sus motivaciones y logros, y sus proyectos no cuentan con un modelo de gestión. De tal manera la falta de una formulación adecuada de modelos de gestión impide continuidad y éxito de los proyectos productivos sociales en las dos instituciones.