bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The impact of brand experiences on brand resonance in multi-channel fashion retailing
Authors: Huang Ran , Lee Stacy H , Kim HaeJung , Evans Leslie
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to examine how sensory, cognitive, affective experiences affect relational brand experience in regards to different channels (i.e. online vs store), how relational brand experience influences brand awareness and brand loyalty.

Design/methodology/approach

– By employing self-administered questionnaires, the data on 393 respondents were collected from students enrolled at a major southwestern university in the USA. The moderation regression analysis was conducted to test the hypotheses and propositions.

Findings

– The study supports most of the hypotheses and propositions regarding the impacts of brand experiences on brand resonance in multi-channel retailing. The moderating effects of channel type are founded in relationships between sensory experience, affective experience and relational experience. Further, relational experience impacts on brand awareness and loyalty in any channel.

Research limitations/implications

– Given the exploratory nature of this approach, there are methodological limitations in generalizing research findings. However, the study solidifies the branding theory by understanding the multi-dimensional brand experience, and moderating effects of channel type enrich brand experience managements in the multi-channel retailing for fashion brands.

Practical implications

– This study implies that relational experience through sensory, affective and cognitive brand experiences in multiple-channel setting has a huge business potential to concrete consumer and brand value.

Originality/value

– This study substantiates the robust effects of brand experiences on brand resonance and the causal structure of multi-dimensional aspects of brand experiences in conjunction with the moderating effect of channel type.
A study on the ontology building methodology for diseases of mind diagnosis
Authors: Baek Hyeongi , Kang Mun Koo
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this study was to construct a mind counseling ontology to efficiently facilitate the diagnosis of the diseases of mind. To determine the structure of mind counseling ontology, this study conducted analysis on structural forms available in counseling books and other related fields and adopted essential ones in the explanation of counseling. The processing of the diseases of mind was divided into three stages: cause, symptoms and counseling. The stages were analyzed one by one in terms of process, functional elements and relevant technique necessary at each stage.

Design/methodology/approach

– In the mind counseling list, there are 12 different diagnoses of diseases of mind that are classified into four classes. Thus, the causes, symptoms, prescription and medical history for 12 diseases of mind are defined as a higher rank concept of mind counseling ontology. The causes, symptoms, prescription and medical history consist of definition, affective characteristics and related factors, while the potential diagnosis consists of definition and risk factor. This information does specify detailed notions in the diagnosis of diseases of mind, but considering the limitation of not being able to represent all the diseases, this study enables a counseling center to give and use individual definitions of diagnostic terminology of their own.

Findings

– This study adopted the top-down approach, in which mind counseling ontology defines a higher rank concept, the terminology in diagnosing diseases of mind, based on the list of terms from the counseling record that specifies the abstract concepts of the diagnosis. The bottom-up approach was also incorporated, which defines the diagnostic terms extracted from the counseling record as a subordinate concept of the mind counseling ontology. Thus, the development of the mind counseling ontology involves the combination of top-down and bottom-up approaches to the construction of ontology.

Originality/value

– This research has significance in that it deals with the fundamental problem of the mind aiming for a true change and healing of it, which is the ultimate purpose of this ontology, especially in the circumstances where research on ontology in diagnosing the diseases of mind is unprecedented.
The littering attitude scale (LAS)
Authors: Ojedokun Oluyinka
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– Validated and reliable measure of littering attitude is lacking, therefore the purpose of this paper is to describe the development and psychometric evaluation of the littering attitude scale (LAS) as a new self-report measure to assess littering attitude.

Design/methodology/approach

– The internal consistency reliability and validity of LAS were investigated in a cross-sectional survey of 1,360 urban residents in a South-western State in Nigeria. Data were analysed using reliability analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling.

Findings

– Item analysis and exploratory factor analysis suggested a 15-item scale with one general underlying factor. Reliability analysis score for the 15-item scale revealed a Cronbach α coefficient of 0.87. The scores of the LAS items indicated good internal consistency and construct validity consistent with the principles of scale development. The scale also showed a good fit in confirmatory factor analysis for the sample.

Research limitations/implications

– The aims of the study related to determining the validity, appropriateness, utility and feasibility of LAS were achieved. However, further studies should be done to validate the scale in other cultural settings.

Practical implications

– The findings suggested that LAS captures littering attitude and holds promise as a useful tool to conduct environmental audit by scholars, practitioners, and non-governmental organisations who are interested in the social and behavioural management of environmental quality.

Originality/value

– This is the first scale to measure littering attitude. The scale can be used by practitioners and researchers to conduct benchmarking studies on littering attitude.
Sustainable staff well-being within older adult mental health
Authors: Blagg Rosie , Petty Stephanie
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to explore how staff attend to their well-being when working in an inpatient mental health setting with older adults with dementia and complex mental health needs; how staff understand the link between their well-being and the well-being of patients.

Design/methodology/approach

– A semi-structured group interview was held with 11 members of two multidisciplinary teams. The discussion was audio-recorded and analysed using thematic analysis.

Findings

– Staff reported managing their well-being by both connecting with and avoiding the difficult emotions of the work. The team avoided the gravity of the work through humour, a task-focus, an absence of thinking and the displacement of workplace frustrations onto an outgroup. Connecting with emotions was done in tolerable ways: in contained reflective spaces, in the presence of supportive others, through genuine connections with patients as people and when the organisation demonstrated care for the staff.

Practical implications

– Avoidant strategies appeared to represent short-term ways of maintaining staff well-being, while connecting with the gravity of the work appeared to represent what we hope is a more sustainable approach to managing well-being. A crucial premise for staff well-being is teams embedded within organisations that care for their employees.

Originality/value

– Poor staff well-being can have serious consequences for an organisation, particularly in the existentially challenging environment of dementia care. This study offers a unique opportunity to explore staff well-being in a UK inpatient mental health setting with older adults with dementia and complex mental health needs.
Decision support system framework for performance based evaluation and ranking system of carry and forward agents
Authors: B Karthik , Raut Rakesh D , Kamble Sachin S , Kharat Manoj Govind , Kamble Sheetal Jaisingh
Published: May 2015

Purpose

– The purpose of this paper is to present a research model that explore strategic outsourcing practices for sustainable competitive advantages. In this paper, a decision support system (DSS) for sustainable performance measurement of carry and forward agents (CFAs) is proposed.

Design/methodology/approach

– The importance of seven criteria as a means of selecting the best CFA for warehouses under the aspect of sustainable environment is analyzed. The criteria are compared and ranked using analytic hierarchy process (AHP) with the combined assistance of literature review and expert opinions. This study makes use of unstructured interviews of Regional Distribution Manager and senior strategic leaders of the firms.

Findings

– This paper discusses how strategic outsourcing can help firm to achieve desired business outcomes. The selection of best CFA gives a direction to the company to move toward excellence and provides the key areas to work upon to achieve competitive advantage. The main contribution of this paper includes modeling the performance evaluation problem within the context of a sustainable supply chain based on triple bottom line (TBL) concept.

Research limitations/implications

– The identified selection criteria are bound with Indian transportation and logistics industry. Further, it is suggested to conduct a real-life application of this study to other companies from different countries, to obtain criteria based on globally acceptable norms. The results may yield the network-specific evaluation criteria and their evaluations.

Practical implications

– The developed excel-based tool could be used to record the inspection data, compare the CFAs and determine the best CFAs on the basis of selected criteria. With the help of this tool, CFAs know their position and ranking among all the CFAs and the focus areas they need to work upon to perform well. The training module could be used to keep the CFA staff on the right track which is very essential in a typical manufacturing industry warehouse. The improved performance of CFAs will in turn help to improve the manufacturing process, thus maximizing the gains along with environmental benefits.

Originality/value

– This paper provides a priority of sustainable issues for evaluating the performance of the best CFA. The paper presents a strategic outsourcing model, which suggest both theoretical and managerial implications showing how to implement successful outsourcing practices in the global market by analyzing the performance of outsourcing partners, i.e. CFAs.
Negotiating belonging: plants, people, and indigeneity in northern Australia
Authors: Martin Richard J. , Trigger David
Published: May 2015

This article focuses on human‐plant relations, drawing on ethnographic research from northern Australia's Gulf Country to address the concept of indigeneity. Just as the identities of ‘Indigenous’ and ‘non‐Indigenous’ people in this region are contextual and at times contested according to the vernacular categories of ‘Blackfellas’, ‘Whitefellas’, and ‘Yellafellas’, so too the issue of what ‘belongs’ in the natural world is negotiated through ambiguities about whether species are useful, productive, and aesthetically pleasing to humans, as well as local understandings about how plants and animals came to be located in the Gulf region. At the same time, plants’ distinctive characteristics as plants shape their relations with humans in ways which affect their categorization as ‘native’ and ‘alien’ or ‘introduced’. Focusing our analysis on three specific trees, we argue that attention to the ‘plantiness’ of flora contributes significantly to debates about indigeneity in societyandnature. At the same time, our focus on human‐plant relations contributes important context and nuance to current debates about human and other‐than‐human relations in a more‐than‐human world.
‘Children are the food sent by God’: culinary imagery and the making of persons in the Cameroon Grassfields
Authors: Tsékénis Émile
Published: May 2015

The article explores aspects of personhood as these emerge through rites of passage and culinary imagery in Batié, an eastern Grassfields polity in west Cameroon. Food appears as a gendered medium which, by being exchanged, cooked, and ingested by persons – and by collectives perceived as persons – has the power to transform others (persons and collectives) and make them act. Persons and collectives are revealed, at the different stages of their ceremonial journey, as the outcome of similar processes – exchange, cooking, and ingestion of food – occurring each time on different scales, and thus displaying fractal properties. Introducing a split between agent and (cause of) agency, the article finally suggests that agents’ successive (ritual) transformations are the result of their own actions as well as the actions of (‘individual’ or ‘collective’) others upon them.
Beyond blasphemy or devotion: art, the secular, and Catholicism in Paris
Authors: Oliphant Elayne
Published: May 2015

In this article I explore the relationship between the secular and ‘cultural’ Catholicism in France through the lens of a contemporary art exhibit displayed at a new project of the French Catholic Church. Visitors’ varied responses to the exhibit, I argue, ultimately reinforced the organizers’ claim that the activities that occur within this ‘non‐religious’ space of the French church are self‐evident aspects of a broadly recognizable and ‘secular’ French or European culture.
Law and the architecture of social repair:gacacadays in post‐genocide Rwanda
Authors: Doughty Kristin
Published: May 2015

In this article, I examine post‐genocide Rwanda'sgacacaprocess, in which genocide suspects were tried among their neighbours before locally elected judges. I suggest two limitations in how anthropologists have typically studied post‐conflict legal institutions. Measuring the cultural relevance of law obscures contemporary imbrications of African custom and universal legal principles, and distracts from analysis of the politicized uses of culture. Analysing structural constraints and coercive dimensions, while crucial, can blind us to the very real social work that happens in these forums. Instead, I argue, what differentiatedgacacawas how deeply it was contextualized – embedded in daily life, public, participatory, routinized, and based on oral testimony – and this contextualization formed the basis of its situated relevance to people's efforts to shape forms of sociality. People usedgacacasessions to negotiate the micro‐politics of reconciliation, which included debating definitions of ‘genocide citizenship’, guilt, innocence, exchange, and material loyalty. I argue for moving beyond the underlying assumption in critical transitional justice studies that law and reconciliation are mutually exclusive, to acknowledge that the instrumental and often divisive dynamics ingacacado not merely reflect institutional failures but, rather, reflect the inherent violence of social repair.
Genetic Diversity and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated from Leaf Vegetables in Korea
Authors: Hong Jisoo , Kim Yangkyun , Kim Jonguk , Heu Sunggi , Kim Se‐ri , Kim Kwang‐Pyo , Roh Eunjung
Published: May 2015

Staphylococcus aureus is an important foodborne pathogen on global basis. The current study investigated the genetic patterns in S. aureus isolates from leaf vegetables (n = 53). Additional isolates from livestock (n = 31) and humans (n = 27) were compared with the leaf vegetable isolates. Genes associated with toxins, antibiotic resistance, and pulsed‐field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns were analyzed. At least 1 enterotoxin‐encoding gene (sea, seb, sec, sed, and see) was detected in 11 of 53 (20.75%) leaf vegetable isolates. When the agr (accessory gene regulator) grouping was analyzed, agr II was the major group, whereas agr IV was not present in leaf vegetable isolates. All S. aureus isolates from leaf vegetables were resistant to more than one of the antibiotics tested. Nineteen of 53 (35.85%) isolates from leaf vegetables exhibited multidrug‐resistance, and 11 of these were MRSA (methicillin‐resistant S. aureus). A dendrogram displaying the composite types of S. aureus isolates from 3 origins was generated based on the combination of the toxin genes, agr genes, antibiotic resistance, and PFGE patterns. The isolates could be clustered into 8 major composite types. The genetic patterns of S. aureus isolates from leaf vegetables and humans were similar, whereas those from livestock had unique patterns. This suggests some S. aureus isolates from leaf vegetables to be of human origin.
Self‐reported adverse tattoo reactions: a New York City Central Park study
Authors: Brady Bobbi G. , Gold Heidi , Leger Elizabeth A. , Leger Marie C.
Published: May 2015

Background

Although permanent tattoos are becoming increasingly commonplace, there is a paucity of epidemiological data on adverse tattoo reactions. Several European studies have indicated that tattoo reactions may be relatively common, although the extent of this phenomenon in the United States is largely unknown.

Objectives

To provide insights into the prevalence and nature of adverse tattoo reactions.

Patients/materials/methods

We administered a survey about adverse tattoo reactions to 300 randomly selected tattooed people in Central Park, New York City.

Results

Of 300 participants, 31 (10.3%) reported experiencing an adverse tattoo reaction, 13 (4.3%) reported acute reactions, and 18 (6.0%) suffered from a chronic reaction involving a specific colour lasting for >4 months. Forty‐four per cent of colour‐specific reactions were to red ink, which was only slightly higher than the frequency of red ink in the sampled population (36%). Twenty‐five per cent of chronic reactions were to black ink, which was less than expected based on the number of respondents with black tattoos (90.3%). Study participants with chronic, colour‐specific reactions had more tattoo colours than those without reactions.

Conclusions

This study shows that tattoo reactions are relatively common, and that further investigation into the underlying causes is merited.
Pharmacokinetic characteristics of therapeutic antibodies
Authors: Wohlrab Johannes
Published: May 2015

Because of their high molecular weight and their highly hydrophilic character, therapeutic antibodies behave differently in terms of absorption, distribution and elimination compared to conventional drugs. Also, their pharmacokinetic profile varies significantly among individuals. After subcutaneous administration, antibodies are absorbed via the lymphatic system and become systemically bioavailable with some delay. The physicochemical properties of the molecules hinder their distribution from the bloodstream into the tissue. Elimination occurs by proteolysis in various organs (skin, muscle, liver), but mainly within the reticuloendothelial system. Also relevant is the elimination through target antigens (especially in the case of cell‐bound target antigens) as well as a recycling process through binding to the neonatal Fc receptor that provides protection from lysosomal degradation. Depending on the immunogenicity of the therapeutic antibody and the individual immune response, neutralizing antibodies can develop. Pharmacokinetic conditions can be optimized by coadministration of, for example, methotrexate. Moreover, risk factors for the loss of immunological tolerance, such as on‐demand therapy or elective switching of therapeutic antibodies, should be avoided.
Transthoracic and Three‐Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiographic Presentation of Anomalous Circumflex Origin from Right Coronary Artery in Patient with Severe Mitral Stenosis
Authors: Wierzbowska‐Drabik Karina , Peruga Jan Zbigniew , Lipiec Piotr , Michalski Błażej , Kasprzak Jarosław Damian
Published: May 2015

Mini‐Abstract

An origin of the circumflex coronary artery (Cx) from the right coronary artery or right Valsalva sinus is usually clinically silent coronary anomaly. Nevertheless, retroaortic course of aberrant Cx involving mitro‐aortic continuity may become significant in the setting of mitral or aortic valve intervention, leading to compression of Cx and ischemic complication. For that reason, the early and accurate recognition of this anomaly is important and should be considered also during echocardiography. We described a man with severe mitral valve stenosis and anomalous Cx found during TEE on the base of detected “bleb sign” and retroaortic course of the artery.
Muscle strength: A better index of low physical performance than muscle mass in older adults
Authors: Kim Yeo Hyung , Kim Kwang‐Il , Paik Nam‐Jong , Kim Ki‐Woong , Jang Hak Chul , Lim Jae‐Young
Published: May 2015

Aim

The most appropriate muscle index for the definition of sarcopenia has not been agreed on. We aimed to investigate the associations of muscle mass and strength with 5‐year mortality and low physical performance.

Methods

We included 560 participants aged 65 years or older in the analysis. Muscle and fat mass were assessed by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry. Leg muscle and grip strength were measured using dynamometers. The clinical outcomes were 5‐year mortality and low physical performance (Short Physical Performance Battery score < 9) in 5 years. Associations between muscle indices and clinical outcomes were analyzed. A Cox proportional hazard model for mortality and a logistic regression model for physical performance were used.

Results

Decreases in leg muscle and grip strength were significantly associated with 5‐year mortality and low physical performance in both sexes. Total muscle mass in men and appendicular skeletal mass in both sexes were associated with mortality, but not with low physical performance. Lower leg muscle strength (OR 0.107; P = 0.020) was an independent predictor of low physical performance in women after adjusting for age, fat, cognition, and depression. Lower leg muscle (OR 0.123; P = 0.031) and lower grip strength (OR 0.950; P = 0.012) were independent predictors of low physical performance in men.

Conclusions

Muscle strength is a better indicator of 5‐year adverse clinical outcomes of mortality and low physical performance than muscle mass. Muscle strength was an independent predictor of low physical performance in 5 years. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2016; 16: 577–585.
Aplasia cutis congenita: report of 22 cases
Authors: Mesrati Hela , Amouri Meriem , Chaaben Hend , Masmoudi Abdelrahmen , Boudaya Sonia , Turki Hamida
Published: May 2015

Background

Aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) is a rare malformation characterized by absent or scarred areas of skin at birth. Although most commonly found on the scalp, ACC can also involve other locations. Its etiology and pathogenesis remain unclear.

Objective

To describe the epidemiologic, clinical, therapeutic, and evolutionary aspects of ACC through a hospital series.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective study from 1995 to 2012 and reported all cases of ACC.

Results

We enrolled 22 cases (14 girls and eight boys) of ACC during 18 years. The mean age at diagnosis was 5.7 years. Sixteen ACC involved the scalp, five the trunk, and one the left buttock. ACC was oval‐shaped in 20 cases, triangular in one case, and linear in one case. The mean size was 4 cm. ACC was associated with bone defects in two cases, various malformations in eight (37.1%), and with syndromic malformation in three (Adams–Olivier syndrome: two cases; Goltz syndrome: one case). Conservative treatment consisting of wound dressing with vaseline was indicated in six cases. Bone reconstruction was performed in two cases. Regular follow‐up and no treatment was recommended in 14 cases.

Conclusion

Our study emphasizes the frequent association of ACC with malformations (37.1%) and bone defects (9%).
Criteria for assessing maturity of skulls in the common dolphin, Delphinus sp., from New Zealand waters
Authors: Jordan Friederike F. J. , Murphy Sinéad , Martinez Emmanuelle , Amiot Christophe , van Helden Anton , Stockin Karen A.
Published: May 2015

Knowledge about the maturity status of specimens included in evolutionary, taxonomic or life history investigations is fundamentally important. This study investigated the use of the degree of cranial suture fusion, the developmental status of cranial bones, and the degree of tooth wear as indicators for cranial maturity status in Delphinus sp. from New Zealand waters. In total, 15 sutures, one joint and three nonmetric characters were assessed on 66 skulls obtained from stranded and bycaught individuals sampled between 1932 and 2011. A suture index (SI) was computed based on 10 sutures, in which degree of fusion was correlated with age and the three misclassification indices (MI), calculated for a given suture, were <50%. In addition to these, five premaxilla‐maxilla fusion and seven tooth wear categories were assessed. Results suggest that New Zealand Delphinus sp. skulls should be regarded as cranially mature if at least two of the following criteria are met: (1) individuals assessed as sexually mature, (2) aged ≥ 11 yr, (3) SI ≥ 8, and (4) premaxilla‐maxilla fusion ≥ 75% of the length of the dorsal side of the rostrum. Presence of any number of rostral teeth worn to the gum line provided further evidence for cranial maturity.
High site fidelity, strong associations, and long‐term bonds: Short‐finned pilot whales off the island of Hawai‘i
Authors: Mahaffy Sabre D. , Baird Robin W. , McSweeney Daniel J. , Webster Daniel L. , Schorr Gregory S.
Published: May 2015

Studies of short‐finned pilot whales suggest they travel in stable mixed‐sex groups composed of strongly associated individuals; however, temporal analyses of social structure are lacking. To examine site fidelity, association patterns, and temporal relationships, we analyzed data from 267 encounters of this species off the island of Hawai‘i from 2003 through 2007, identifying 448 distinctive individuals (68.1% seen more than once). About 72% of the whales were linked by association into a single social network, suggesting the possibility of multiple populations using the area. Sighting histories suggested that only some individuals exhibit high site fidelity. Individuals demonstrated preferential associations and community division was strongly supported by average‐linkage hierarchical cluster analysis of the association data. Nine longitudinally stable social units composed of key individuals and their constant companions were identified. Qualitative assignment of age and sex classes of unit members indicated that some segregation between adult males and female/calf pairs may occur. Temporal analyses of individuals encountered on the same day indicate stable long‐term associations. Differential patterns of residency and site fidelity were unexpected and may be indicative of multiple populations around the main Hawaiian Islands. The presence of a resident population demonstrating strong, long‐term site fidelity and associations off Hawai‘i Island may warrant special management considerations.
The impact of value‐relevant accounting rules on innovative activities
Authors: Lin Hsuan‐Chu , Chien Chin‐Chen , Chiu She‐Chih
Published: May 2015

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of value‐relevant accounting rules on corporate innovative activities. Using US data from 1972 to 2012, we find that value‐relevant accounting rules help innovative companies to reduce R&D funding gaps, which is conducive to companies' innovative activities and potential long‐term benefits. However, a higher risk premium is required by shareholders of innovative companies. Additionally, we find not only that R&D spending is more sensitive to future earnings variability as compared to that occurring commercial intellectual properties and physical assets, but we also find that managers contracted with long‐term compensation plans have greater incentives to engage in innovative activities when value‐relevant accounting rules set in. Overall, we provide evidence on alleviation of information asymmetry between innovative companies and their lenders when accounting information is more value relevant.
The growing evidence for the use of platelet‐rich plasma on diabetic chronic wounds: A review and a proposal for a new standard care
Authors: Picard Frédéric , Hersant Barbara , Bosc Romain , Meningaud Jean‐Paul
Published: May 2015

Nonhealing chronic wounds and exposed tendons, bones and joints are very challenging to cure specially for diabetic patients. Plastic surgeons have a new weapon to enhance wound healing with the use of autologous growth factors. Recently, the process of fabrication of platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) has been simplified. The goal of this literature review is to summarize the evidenced‐based body of knowledge regarding the treatment of diabetic chronic wounds by PRP. A PubMed and Cochrane search (1978–2015) was performed and all studies assessing the clinical effect of PRP on the healing of diabetic chronic wounds were included. The screening retrieved 7,555 articles and 12 studies were included. On six randomized studies included, five found significant benefits for the use of PRP on diabetic chronic foot ulcers and the sixth randomized study did not publish a statistical analysis but found favorable outcomes. The two other controlled studies included found significant benefits regarding the healing rate and the four uncontrolled studies included showed high rates of healing with the adjunction of PRP. Regarding the method of use, PRP was applied on the wound as a gel twice a week (41.7% of studies) or once a week (33.3% of studies). In conclusion, 87.5% of controlled studies found a significant benefit for the adjunction of PRP to treat chronic diabetic wounds. As PRP may be beneficial, we suggest using PRP on diabetic ulcers which remain unhealed after standard treatment.
Social Media as a Learning Tool: Sport Management Faculty Perceptions of Digital Pedagogies
Authors: Lebel Katie , Danylchuk Karen , Millar Patti
Published: May 2015

This research explored the use of social media within the sport management discipline in a North American context, specifically investigating how sport management academicians use social media as a teaching and learning tool. An online survey garnered the social media literacies of sport management faculty (N = 132). Compared with cross-discipline studies that have measured similar interests, sport management faculty appear to have a limited awareness of social media applications. Only 61% of study participants reported having incorporated social media into their course design. While a majority of faculty agreed that the use of social media in education can provide positive enhancement to both teaching and learning, in practice, participant social media teaching strategies were narrowly employed. Results suggest a potential disconnect between the digital pedagogies currently employed by sport management faculty, the expectations of students, and most importantly, the demands of the sport industry.
Engineering precision
Authors: Traverso Giovanni , Langer Robert
Published: May 2015

Engineering sciences will play a vital role in delivering precision medicine to the bedside.
Therapeutic Transcutaneous Immunization with a Band-Aid Vaccine Resolves Experimental Otitis Media
Authors: Novotny Laura A. , Clements John D. , Bakaletz Lauren O.
Published: May 2015

Transcutaneous immunization (TCI) is a noninvasive strategy to induce protective immune responses. We describe TCI with a band-aid vaccine placed on the postauricular skin to exploit the unique organization of the stratum corneum and to promote the development of immune responses to resolve active experimental otitis media due to nontypeable
Haemophilus influenzae
(NTHI). This therapeutic immunization strategy induced significantly earlier resolution of middle ear fluid and rapid eradication of both planktonic and mucosal biofilm-resident NTHI within 7 days after receipt of the first immunizing band-aid vaccine. Efficacy was ascribed to the homing of immunogen-bearing cutaneous dendritic cells to the nasal-associated lymphoid tissue, induction of polyfunctional CD4
+
T cells, and the presence of immunogen-specific IgM and IgG within the middle ear. TCI using band-aid vaccines could expand the use of traditional parenteral preventative vaccines to include treatment of active otitis media, in addition to other diseases of the respiratory tract due to NTHI.
Impaired Antigen-Specific Immune Response to Vaccines in Children with Antibody Production Defects
Authors: Szczawinska-Poplonyk Aleksandra , Breborowicz Anna , Samara Husam , Ossowska Lidia , Dworacki Grzegorz
Published: May 2015

The impaired synthesis of antigen-specific antibodies, which is indispensable for an adaptive immune response to infections, is a fundamental pathomechanism that leads to clinical manifestations in children with antibody production defects. The aim of this study was to evaluate the synthesis of antigen-specific antibodies following immunization in relation to peripheral blood B cell subsets in young children with hypogammaglobulinemia. Twenty-two children, aged from 8 to 61 months, with a deficiency in one or more major immunoglobulin classes participated in the study. Postvaccination antibodies against tetanus and diphtheria toxoids, the surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus, and the capsular
Haemophilus influenzae
type b polysaccharide antigen were assessed along with an immunophenotypic evaluation of peripheral blood B lymph cell maturation. A deficiency of antibodies against the tetanus toxoid was assessed in 73% of cases and that against the diphtheria toxoid was assessed in 68% of cases, whereas a deficiency of antibodies against the surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus was revealed in 59% of the children included in the study. A defective response to immunization with a conjugate vaccine with the
Haemophilus influenzae
type b polysaccharide antigen was demonstrated in 55% of hypogammaglobulinemic patients. Increased proportions of transitional B lymph cells and an accumulation of plasmablasts accompanied antibody deficiencies. The defective response to vaccine protein and polysaccharide antigens is a predominating disorder of humoral immunity in children with hypogammaglobulinemia and may result from a dysfunctional state of the cellular elements of the immune system.
Sequence-Specific Modifications Enhance the Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Response Activated by RIG-I Agonists
Authors: Chiang Cindy , Beljanski Vladimir , Yin Kevin , Olagnier David , Ben Yebdri Fethia , Steel Courtney , Goulet Marie-Line , DeFilippis Victor R. , Streblow Daniel N. , Haddad Elias K. , Trautmann Lydie , Ross Ted , Lin Rongtuan , Hiscott John
Published: May 2015

The cytosolic RIG-I (retinoic acid-inducible gene I) receptor plays a pivotal role in the initiation of the immune response against RNA virus infection by recognizing short 5′-triphosphate (5′ppp)-containing viral RNA and activating the host antiviral innate response. In the present study, we generated novel 5′ppp RIG-I agonists of varieous lengths, structures, and sequences and evaluated the generation of the antiviral and inflammatory responses in human epithelial A549 cells, human innate immune primary cells, and murine models of influenza and chikungunya viral pathogenesis. A 99-nucleotide, uridine-rich hairpin 5′pppRNA termed M8 stimulated an extensive and robust interferon response compared to other modified 5′pppRNA structures, RIG-I aptamers, or poly(I·C). Interestingly, manipulation of the primary RNA sequence alone was sufficient to modulate antiviral activity and inflammatory response, in a manner dependent exclusively on RIG-I and independent of MDA5 and TLR3. Both prophylactic and therapeutic administration of M8 effectively inhibited influenza virus and dengue virus replication
in vitro
. Furthermore, multiple strains of influenza virus that were resistant to oseltamivir, an FDA-approved therapeutic treatment for influenza, were highly sensitive to inhibition by M8. Finally, prophylactic M8 treatment
in vivo
prolonged survival and reduced lung viral titers of mice challenged with influenza virus, as well as reducing chikungunya virus-associated foot swelling and viral load. Altogether, these results demonstrate that 5′pppRNA can be rationally designed to achieve a maximal RIG-I-mediated protective antiviral response against human-pathogenic RNA viruses.

IMPORTANCE
The development of novel therapeutics to treat human-pathogenic RNA viral infections is an important goal to reduce spread of infection and to improve human health and safety. This study investigated the design of an RNA agonist with enhanced antiviral and inflammatory properties against influenza, dengue, and chikungunya viruses. A novel, sequence-dependent, uridine-rich RIG-I agonist generated a protective antiviral response
in vitro
and
in vivo
and was effective at concentrations 100-fold lower than prototype sequences or other RNA agonists, highlighting the robust activity and potential clinical use of the 5′pppRNA against RNA virus infection. Altogether, the results identify a novel, sequence-specific RIG-I agonist as an attractive therapeutic candidate for the treatment of a broad range of RNA viruses, a pressing issue in which a need for new and more effective options persists.
Global Diversity within and between Human Herpesvirus 1 and 2 Glycoproteins
Authors: Lamers Susanna L. , Newman Ruchi M. , Laeyendecker Oliver , Tobian Aaron A. R. , Colgrove Robert C. , Ray Stuart C. , Koelle David M. , Cohen Jeffrey , Knipe David M. , Quinn Thomas C.
Published: May 2015

Human herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are large-genome DNA viruses that establish a persistent infection in sensory neurons and commonly manifest with recurring oral or genital erosions that transmit virus. HSV encodes 12 predicted glycoproteins that serve various functions, including cellular attachment, entry, and egress. Glycoprotein G is currently the target of an antibody test to differentiate HSV-1 from HSV-2; however, this test has shown reduced capacity to differentiate HSV strains in East Africa. Until the recent availability of 26 full-length HSV-1 and 36 full-length HSV-2 sequences, minimal comparative information was available for these viruses. In this study, we use a variety of sequence analysis methods to compare all available sequence data for HSV-1 and HSV-2 glycoproteins, using viruses isolated in Europe, Asia, North America, the Republic of South Africa, and East Africa. We found numerous differences in diversity, nonsynonymous/synonymous substitution rates, and recombination rates between HSV-1 glycoproteins and their HSV-2 counterparts. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that while most global HSV-2 glycoprotein G sequences did not form clusters within or between continents, one clade (supported at 60.5%) contained 37% of the African sequences analyzed. Accordingly, sequences from this African subset contained unique amino acid signatures, not only in glycoprotein G, but also in glycoproteins I and E, which may account for the failure of sensitive antibody tests to distinguish HSV-1 from HSV-2 in some African individuals. Consensus sequences generated in the study can be used to improve diagnostic assays that differentiate HSV-1 from HSV-2 in global populations.

IMPORTANCE
Human herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are large DNA viruses associated with recurring oral or genital erosions that transmit virus. Up to 12 HSV-1 and HSV-2 glycoproteins are involved in HSV cell entry or are required for viral spread in animals, albeit some are dispensable for replication
in vitro
. The recent availability of comparable numbers of full-length HSV-1 and HSV-2 sequences enabled comparative analysis of gene diversity of glycoproteins within and between HSV types. Overall, we found less glycoprotein sequence diversity within HSV-2 than within the HSV-1 strains studied, while at the same time, several HSV-2 glycoproteins were evolving under less selective pressure. Because HSV glycoproteins are the focus of antibody tests to detect and differentiate between infections with the two strains and are constituents of vaccines in clinical-stage development, these findings will aid in refining the targets for diagnostic tests and vaccines.
Innovations in Undergraduate Science Education: Going Viral
Authors: Hatfull Graham F.
Published: May 2015

Bacteriophage discovery and genomics provides a powerful and effective platform for integrating missions in research and education. Implementation of the Science Education Alliance Phage Hunters Advancing Genomics and Evolutionary Science (SEA-PHAGES) program facilitates a broad impact by including a diverse array of schools, faculty, and students. The program generates new insights into the diversity and evolution of the bacteriophage population and presents a model for introducing first-year undergraduate students to discovery-based research experiences.
Two cases with HSS/DRESS syndrome developing after prosthetic joint surgery: does vancomycin-laden bone cement play a role in this syndrome?
Authors: Güner Müberra Devrim , Tuncbilek Semra , Akan Burak , Caliskan-Kartal Aysun
Published: May 2015

We report two cases of hypersensitivity syndrome/drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (HSS/DRESS) syndrome following systemic and local (via antibiotic laden bone cement (ALBC)) exposures to vancomycin. Both cases developed symptoms 2–4 weeks after the initiation of treatment. They responded to systemic corticosteroid treatment and were cured completely. Various drug groups may cause HSS/DRESS syndrome, and vancomycin-related cases do not exceed 2–5% of the reported cases. Almost all of these cases developed the syndrome following systemic exposure to vancomycin. ALBC seems to be the safer antibiotic administration method, as systemic antibiotic levels did not reach a toxic threshold level. However, local administration may not always be sufficient for bone–related/joint–related infections; these infections may require systemic antibiotics as well. As HSS/DRESS syndrome can mimic infectious diseases, it must be considered during differential diagnosis before suspecting failure of treatment and initiation of a different antibiotic course.
Severe hyponatraemia with absence of hyperkalaemia in rapidly progressive Addison's disease
Authors: Thompson Michael D , Kalmar Eileen , Bowden Sasigarn A
Published: May 2015

We present a case of rapidly progressing Addison's disease in adrenal crisis with severe hyponatraemia and absence of hyperkalaemia in a 10-year-old girl. She presented with 2 weeks of vomiting, fatigue and weight loss. Her serum electrolytes obtained 1 week prior to presentation were normal, except for mild hyponatraemia at 131 mmol/L, which dropped to 112 mmol/L on admission. She had normal serum potassium, low-serum osmolality, with elevated urine sodium and osmolality, indistinguishable from syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Subsequently, Addison's disease was diagnosed on the basis of gingival hyperpigmentation and undetectable cortisol on adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test. She rapidly responded to stress dose hydrocortisone, followed by hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone replacement therapy. The absence of hyperkalaemia in the presence of severe hyponatraemia cannot rule out Addison's disease in children. The mechanism of hypo-osmolar hyponatraemia in primary adrenal insufficiency and clinical clues to differentiate it from SIADH are discussed.
One-dimensional quantum pump simulated by cold atoms
Authors: Xiao Yun-Chang , Zhu Ming-Han , Liu Zheng-Qin
Published: May 2015

Quantum pump set up in one-dimensional (1D) channel was proposed by the cold atom simulation. The target pumping system is driven by the double time-dependent potentials. We investigated that the system can be achieved via the study of the cold atoms simulation. And by using the Floquet scattering method and the related transport theories in the mesoscopic systems, simulations of the pumping processes were presented in detail.
Research on mesoscopic inductance–capacitance coupling circuit employing an unitary operator and the IWOP technique
Authors: Wang Xiu-Xia
Published: May 2015

Employing a special unitary operator and the virtue of the technique of integration within an ordered product (IWOP), we research on the quantum effects for an inductance–capacitance coupling double L–C circuit. It is found that it is convenient to research on the mesoscopic circuit with such an operator. First, eliminating the coupling term of Hamiltonian becomes easier than other methods. Second, the system’s ground state can be easily generalized into a two-mode squeezed state. Thus, the quantum fluctuations of the circuit and the variances of current in each loop are calculated, the charge-current uncertainty relation is revealed. As a result, both the uncertainty relation and fluctuation of the current in each loop become larger when [Formula: see text] is larger or [Formula: see text] is smaller.
PPAR-Alpha Agonist Used at the Acute Phase of Experimental Ischemic Stroke Reduces Occurrence of Thrombolysis-Induced Hemorrhage in Rats
Authors: Gautier Sophie , Ouk Thavarak , Pétrault Maud , Pétrault Olivier , Bérézowski Vincent , Bordet Régis
Published: May 2015

The impact of fenofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-α) agonist, on the risk of thrombolysis-induced hemorrhage during the acute phase of stroke in a rat model of stroke was studied. One-hour middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator was made in rats receiving either fenofibrate or vehicle for 72 h after stroke. Evaluation of infarct, hemorrhage, middle cerebral artery vasoreactivity, and immunochemistry (CD11b for microglial activation, myeloperoxidase, and ICAM-1 for neutrophil infiltration) was performed. The PPAR-alpha agonist significantly reduced the risk of hemorrhage after thrombolysis in parallel with a decrease in the infarct volume and in the stroke-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction. These effects are concomitant with a reduction in microglial activation and neutrophil infiltration in infarct area. Our results strengthen the idea that using drugs such as fenofibrate, with pleiotropic properties due to PPAR-alpha agonism, may be of value to reduce thrombolysis-induced hemorrhage during acute stroke.
Catalytic Rapid Pyrolysis of Quercus variabilis over Nanoporous Catalysts
Authors: Kang Hyeon Koo , Lee In-Gu , Lee Kyong-Hwan , Kim Beom-Sik , Jo Tae Su , Chea Kwang-Seok , Park Sung Hoon , Jung Sang-Chul , Park Young-Kwon
Published: May 2015

Catalytic rapid pyrolysis of Quercus variabilis, a Korean native tree species, was carried out using Py‐GC/MS. Mesoporous MFI, which has both nanopores and micropores, and three nanoporous materials, Al‐MCM‐41, Al‐SBA‐15, and γ‐Al2O3, were used as the catalyst. The acid sites of mesoporous MFI were strong Brønsted acid sites, whereas those of nanoporous materials were mostly weak acid sites. The composition of the product bio‐oil varied greatly depending on the acid characteristics of the catalyst used. Phenolics were the most abundant species in the bio‐oil, followed by acids and furanics, obtained over Al‐MCM‐41 or Al‐SBA‐15 with weak acid sites, whereas aromatics were the most abundant species produced over mesoporous MFI with strong acid sites, followed by phenolics. Aromatics, phenolics, and furanics are all important chemicals contributing to the improvement of bio‐oil quality.