bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
An Analytics Approach to Designing Combination Chemotherapy Regimens for Cancer
Authors: Bertsimas Dimitris , O’Hair Allison , Relyea Stephen , Silberholz John
Published: March 2016

Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, and advanced cancer is often treated with combinations of multiple chemotherapy drugs. In this work, we develop models to predict the outcomes of clinical trials testing combination chemotherapy regimens before they are run and to select the combination chemotherapy regimens to be tested in new phase II and phase III clinical trials, with the primary objective of improving the quality of regimens tested in phase III trials compared to current practice. We built a database of 414 clinical trials for advanced gastric cancer and use it to build statistical models that attain an out-of-sample R2 of 0.56 when predicting a trial’s median overall survival (OS) and an out-of-sample area under the curve (AUC) of 0.83 when predicting if a trial has unacceptably high toxicity. We propose models that use machine learning and optimization to suggest regimens to be tested in phase II and phase III trials. Though it is inherently challenging to evaluate the performance of such models without actually running clinical trials, we use two techniques to obtain estimates for the quality of regimens selected by our models compared with those actually tested in current clinical practice. Both techniques indicate that the models might improve the efficacy of the regimens selected for testing in phase III clinical trials without changing toxicity outcomes. This evaluation of the proposed models suggests that they merit further testing in a clinical trial setting.

This paper was accepted by Noah Gans, stochastic models and systems.
Technical Note—Approximation Algorithms for Perishable Inventory Systems with Setup Costs
Authors: Zhang Huanan , Shi Cong , Chao Xiuli
Published: March 2016

We develop the first approximation algorithm for periodic-review perishable inventory systems with setup costs. The ordering lead time is zero. The model allows for correlated demand processes that generalize the well-known approaches to model dynamic demand forecast updates. The structure of optimal policies for this fundamental class of problems is not known in the literature. Thus, finding provably near-optimal control policies has been an open challenge. We develop a randomized proportional-balancing policy (RPB) that can be efficiently implemented in an online manner, and we show that it admits a worst-case performance guarantee between 3 and 4. The main challenge in our analysis is to compare the setup costs between RPB and the optimal policy in the presence of inventory perishability, which departs significantly from the previous works in the literature. The numerical results show that the average performance of RPB is good (within 1% of optimality under i.i.d. demands and within 7% under correlated demands).
50th Anniversary Invited Article—City Logistics: Challenges and Opportunities
Authors: Savelsbergh Martin , Van Woensel Tom
Published: March 2016

Today, around 54% of the world’s population lives in urban areas. By 2050, this share is expected to go up significantly. As a result, city logistics, which focuses on the efficient and effective transportation of goods in urban areas while taking into account the negative effects on congestion, safety, and environment, is critical to ensuring continued quality of life in cities. We review and discuss a variety of current and anticipated challenges and opportunities of city logistics. We hope this helps shaping an appropriate research agenda and stimulates more researchers to enter this exciting field.
Anatomical structure and antioxidant activity of red bulb plant
Authors: KUNTORINI EVI MINTOWATI , DEWI MARIA , MISRINA MISRINA
Published: March 2016

Kuntorini EM, Dewi M, Misrina. 2016. Anatomical structure and antioxidant activity of red bulb plant (Eleutherine americana) on different plant age. Biodiversitas 17: 229-233. Eleutherine americana Merr is an medicinal herb named â€œred bulbâ€ or â€œbawang dayakâ€. Red bulb plant is commonly used as anti-breast cancer in Kalimantan, which may be linked to their bioactive naphtoquinone-derivatives properties. The aim of this study was to characterize the anatomical structure and antioxidant activity in red bulb of different ages. The anatomical structure of bulb was fixed and prepared following paraffin embedding techniques. Measurement of antioxidant activity carried out using the DDPH method. The anatomical structure of red bulb showed that the P2 = 93 ppm, but weaker than vitamin C (IC 50 = 3.03 ppm) and BHT (IC50 = 5.52 ppm)Â as a control.
Kelimpahan dan komposisi fitoplankton di perairan Teluk Kodek Pemenang Lombok Utara
Authors: Cokrowati Nunik , Amir Sadikin , Abidin Zaenal , Hari Setyono Bagus Dwi , Damayanti Ayu Adhita
Published: March 2016

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelimpahan dan komposisi fitoplankton di Teluk Kodek Pemenang Lombok Utara. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey pada 4 stasiun di perairan Teluk Kodek pada Bulan Agustus 2012 dan analisa fitoplankton dilakukan di Laboratorium Perikanan Program Studi Budidaya Perairan Universitas Mataram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan fitoplankton di perairan Teluk Kodek pada bulan Agustus 2012 adalah 6557 ind/l.  Tercatat 20 spesies  fitoplankton yang ditemukan yang dikelompokkan menjadi dua kelompok besar yaitu diatom dan dinoflagelata. Kelompok diatom terdiri 11 spesies, yaitu; Guinardia flaccida, Rhizosolenia setigera, Navicula sp., Chaetoceros sp., Thalassionema nitzschioides, Pleurosigma normanii, Planktoniella sol, Pseudo-nitzchia brasiliana, Lauderia annulata, Socphanopysis palmeriana, Oscillatoria sp., sedangkan dari kelompok dinoflagelata terdiri dari 9 spesies, yaitu; Pyrocytis noutiluca, Dinophysis cudate., Prorocentrum lima, Alexandrium tamarence, Ceratium fusus, C. incisum, C. boehmii, Torodium teredo and Odontella sinensis.  Indeks keragaman phytoplankton Teluk Kodek adalah 0,1307 dan masuk kategori keanekaragaman rendah, sedangkan indek keseragaman diperoleh nilai 0,207 dan masuk kategori keseragaman rendah. Nilai tersebut menunjukkan bahwa komunitas fitoplankton di perairan Teluk Kodek pada Bulan Agustus 2012 tidak stabil.Kata Kunci: Diatom; Dinoflagelata; Keanekaragaman; Budidaya Laut.
Distribusi patogen dan kualitas lingkungan pada budidaya perikanan laut di Provinsi Kepulauan Riau
Authors: Novriadi Romi , Agustatik Sri , Bahri Saipul , Sunantara Didi , Wijayanti Endang
Published: March 2016

Abstract. Increasing of aquaculture production is playing an important contribution to increase of environmental and pathological problems in several aquaculture production centers. Therefore, prevention and control of diseases are now become a top priority for the sustainability of this industry. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the distribution of fish pathogen in some mariculture production centers in Riau Islands Province. The study was conducted from Febrari 2011 to December 2013. The study showed that Nodavirus and Iridovirus as a viral disease-causing agents were commonly found in marine fish farm. While Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp. and Edwardsiella spp. were general pathogenic microorganism in marine and freshwater fish farms. Furthermore, there were also found various parasites such as Diplectanum sp., Gyrodactilus sp., Caligus sp., Trichodina sp., Rhexanella sp., Hirudinae sp., Benedenia sp.  and Cylodonela sp. in various marine and freshwater fish production centers in the Riau Islands Province. Keywords: Monitoring; Fish diseases;Parasite; Bacteria; Virus. Abstrak. Peningkatan laju produksi perikanan budidaya secara umum berperan penting dalam peningkatan masalah lingkungan dan patogen di beberapa unit produksi budidaya. Oleh karena itu, pencegahan dan pengendalian penyakit saat ini menjadi prioritas untuk menjamin keberlanjutan industri ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan monitoring dan menilai distribusi patogen pada beberapa sentra produksi perikanan laut di Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Monitoing dilakukan mulai Februari 2011 sampai Desember 2013. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Nodavirus dan Iridovirus merupakan agen penyebab penyakit virus yang umum ditemukan di budidaya ikan laut. Sementara Vibrio spp., Aeromonas spp. dan Edwardsiella spp. merupakan mikroorganisme patogen yang umum ditemukan di sentra budidaya ikan laut dan ikan air tawar. Hasil kajian monitoring juga menunjukkan bahwa Diplectanum sp., Gyrodactilus sp., Caligus sp., Trichodina sp., Rhexanella sp., Hirudinae sp., Benedenia sp. dan Cylodonela sp. merupakan parasit yang memiliki distribusi tinggi di berbagai sentra produksi ikan air laut dan tawar di Kepulauan Riau.Kata Kunci : Monitoring; penyakit ikan; ; parasit; bakteri; virus; Kepulauan Riau.
Keragaman ikan di Danau Cala, Kabupaten Musi Banyuasin Sumatera Selatan
Authors: Abu Ammar Jifi , Mukhlis Kamal Mohammad , . Sulistiono
Published: March 2016

The aim of his studi was to evaluate the fish fauna in Danau Cala in dry season, transition season, and the tide season. The survey was conducted 3 times on July 2013, October 2013 and January 2014 as representative of dry, transition and tide seasons. The fish sampling was conducted by gillnets and fish traps. A total of 35 fish species were recorded during the study; 23 species in dry season, it was dominated by tembakang fish (Helostoma temminckii) from family Helosmatidae, Sepat siam fish(Trichogaster pectoralis) from Belontiidae family, and snakehead fish (Channa striata) of Channidae family. A total of 16 species were recorded on transitional seasons where baung fish (Hemibagrus nemurus) of the family Bagridae, and seluang fish (Rasbora sp) of the family Cyprinidae were predominant. In addition, 15 fish species were recorded on tide season which was dominated by baung fish (Hemibagrus nemurus) and tendon fish (Mystus sabanus) of family Bagridae
Ekstraksi dan karakterisasi minyak dari kulit ikan patin (Pangasius hypophthalmus)
Authors: . Nurjanah , Heri Suseno Sugeng , Bagus Arifianto Titot
Published: March 2016

Catfish is playing an important role in aquaculture production; it is one of the primary commodities of inlandfisheries industry. Catfish meat has a yield of 49% and resulted in 51% of waste products. Thus catfish waste product has potency as source of fish oil which riches of omega-3. The Purpose of this study was to evaluate the suitable extaction method to obtain the high quality of fish oil from catfish skin. Based on the oxidative quality analysis data obtained extraction temperature of 60°C gives the best quality of fish oil with parameters such as peroxide value, free fatty acid, p-anisidine value, acid value and total oxidation of 38 meq/kg, 0.45%, 107,5 meq/kg, 895 mg KOH/kg and 187.5, respectively. The best yield was 18.75% which was obtained at extraction temperature of 75 °C. It was concluded that best extraction at 60°C, for 30 minutes, with solvent and sample ratio 1:1.
Karakteristik dan kandungan mineral pasir pantai Lhok Mee, Beureunut dan Leungah, Kabupaten Aceh Besar
Authors: . Saniah , Purnawan Syahrul , Karina Sofyatuddin
Published: March 2016

Abstract. The objective of this research was to determine the characteristics and mineral content of coastal sand from  Lhokmee, Beureunut, and Leungah Aceh Besar District. The sand analysis was conducted at Material Laboratory of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Faculty, Syiah Kuala University from March to April, 2014. Samples were collected using purpossive sampling method. The observed physical characteristics of this research were sand color, shape and particle size. The mineral content was analysed using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Joint Committee for Powder Diffraction Standard (JCPDS) program. The result showed that Lhok Mee coastal sand was physically characterized as white, sub-angular rounded shape and 0.21 mm of size, while Beureunut coastal sand was light brown, rounded-well rounded shape and 0.19 mm of size, then Leungah coastal sand was black, angular-well rounded shape and 0.13 mm of size. Based on  mineral content showed that Lhok Mee, Beureunut, and Leungah coastal sand were dominated by SiO3, SO3 and Fe3O4, respectively. All identified minerals at all stations were classified as volcanic minerals of lithogenous sediment. Keywords: Beach sands; Color difference; Mineral content; Shape; Particle size.
First-thinning harvesting alternatives for industrial or energy purposes based on regional Scots pine stand simulations in Finland
Authors: Karttunen Kalle , Laitila Juha , Ranta Tapio
Published: March 2016

Combining research into forest management stand conditions and wood supply chain processes has been missing from earlier forestry studies. There is a clear need to develop more cost-efficient small-diameter wood production, harvesting and transportation methods from first thinning, which could be used for either industrial or energy wood purposes. This study considers the total cost for small-diameter wood originating from young Scots pine ( L.) dominated stands. Pine pulpwood is the most harvested and most used roundwood assortment, use of which is expected to rise following new pulp-mill investments in Finland. In addition, utilisation of small-diameter trees directly for energy purposes has been increasing steadily in recent years. The aim of the study was to determine the cost-reduction potential of alternative forest management options and supply chains for small diameter-wood in the regional case of South Savo in eastern Finland. The total costs of three distinct scenarios were studied on the basis of forest management, first-thinning harvesting methods, and transportation: 1) industrial wood, 2) delimbed energy wood, and 3) whole trees for energy purposes. The cost-reduction potential for energy-wood supply chains from first thinning was compared to the industrial supply chain. Small-diameter delimbed wood delivered straight for energy purposes was found to be the most cost-efficient as far as the total cost of the supply chain is concerned. More cost-efficient small-diameter wood processes can be found by linking forest stand simulations with supply chain analysis.Pinus sylvestris
TORITATEJOSHI BAKARI SEBAGAI PARTIKEL LIMITATIF DAN PADANANANNYA DI DALAM BAHASA INDONESIA
Authors: Aprilani Felicia
Published: March 2016

In Japanese toritatejoshi Bakari is a particle that shows the meaning of limitation by way of highlight an element in the sentence and shows that there is only one element of the sole, while the other elements similar omitted. Meanwhile in a Indonesian Toritatejoshi Bakari has lexical meaning 'just' and 'only'. Matching of toritatejoshi Bakari in a Indonesian language included in limitedly adverb is an adverb that describes the meaning associated with the limitation. The problem in a this paper are (1) What is the structure of a sentence that uses toritatejoshi Bakari as limiting particle in a Japanese sentences and their counterparts in a Indonesian? (2) What is the meaning of a sentence that uses toritatejoshi Bakari as limiting particle in a Japanese sentences and their counterparts in a Indonesian? (3) What is the scope of toritatejoshi Bakari as limiting particle in a Japanese sentences and their counterparts in a Indonesian?. Based on the analysis conducted, it is known appropriation of both languages. In practical terms this study are expected to be useful for foreign language speakers of Japanese in the understanding toritatejoshi fueled as barrier particles so as to assist in the Japanese language proficiency both orally and in writing and helps understanding in Indonesian
TEKNIK PENERJEMAHAN TINDAK TUTUR DIREKTIF DALAM CERPEN DOKTOR SIHIR KARYA IWAYA SAZANAMI DAN LARILAH MELOS KARYA DAZAI OSAMU
Authors: Wiyatasari Reny
Published: March 2016

This paper aims to identify the technique translation of directive speech act that used in two Japanese stories of Mahou Hakushi by Iwaya Sazanami and Hashire Merosu by Dazai Osamu. Those stories are two translation works of Japanese literature in the book of Antologi Kesusastraan Anak Jepang (Nihon Jidou bungaku Senshuu). This book contains children’s literature that translated from Japanese to Indonesian by Antonius Pujo. Those two stories selected because there are many speech act in that, and the directive is considered as most interesting speech act than the other ones. This paper used descriptive qualitative method. The total number of the collected  data are 50. The result show there are seven types of translation technique with total usage frequency 72 times. Those techniques are as follow : amplification 18 times, linguistic amplification 16 times, estabilsh equivalent 15 times, literal translation 11 times, reduction 5 times, modulation 5 times, transposition 2 times.
Penerapan Sistem Agribisnis Peternakan Kambing Jawa Randu dalam Kerangka Pengembangan Wilayah Kecamatan Karangpucung, Kabupaten Cilacap
Authors: Prihatiningrum Dewi Norytyas
Published: March 2016

Kecamatan Karangpucung merupakan sentra peternakan kambing Jawa Randu yang dikembangkan oleh sebagian besar masyarakat setempat. Jenis kambing Jawa Randu merupakan hasil persilangan kambing Jawa dengan kambing Etawa, yang disebut kambing Jawa Randu. Hasil peternakan kambing Jawa Randu memiliki peminat tinggi, bukan hanya dari masyarakat lokal saja namun juga peminat dari luar daerah bahkan luar provinsi. Konsumen Kambing Jawa Randu berasal dari Banyumas, Banjarnegara, Purworejo, Kebumen, Jawa Barat dan DKI, dan sekitarnya. Namun demikian, pengembangannya selama ini hanya dilakukan dengan cara tradisional yang turun temurun bahkan sebagian masih berifat subsisten atau hanya untuk mencukupi kebutuhan sendiri,  dan  belum  berorientasi belum berorientasi pada sistem agribisnis secara keseluruhan karena masih mengalami kendala dalam melakukan subsistem hilir. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk merumuskan penerapan sistem agribisnis peternakan kambing Jawa Randu dalam kerangka pengembangan  wilayah  di  Kecamatan Karangpucung. Sasaran studi ini meliputi analisis aktivitas peternakan kambing Jawa Randu, analisis keterkaitan antar wilayah, analisis keterkaitan ke belakang dan ke depan, dan analisis penerapan sistem agribisnis  peternakan  kambing dalam kerangka pengembangan wilayah Kecamatan Karangpucung. Teknik analisis yang digunakan meliputi analisis kuantitatif dan analisis kualitatif. Analisis kuantitatif digunakan dengan menggunakan metode kalkulasi yang menghitung usaha tani serta menghitung kelayakan financial industri pengolahan kulit. Analisis kualitatif digunakan dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif serta dengan menggunakan skema yang menggambarkan kondisi eksisting aktivitas peternakan kambing Jawa Randu. Output yang dihasilkan dari penelitian ini adalah diketahuinya level penerapan sistem agribisnis peternakan kambing Jawa Randu yang baru sampai pada kegiatan hulu, budidaya, dan penunjang, sedangkan pada kegiatan hilir baru berupa pengolahan pupuk. Secara keseluruhan dapat disimpulkan bahwa jika sistem agribisnis diterapkan pada peternakan kambing Jawa Randu, maka Kecamatan Karangpucung akan bisa berkembang terkait dengan peningkatan pendapatan,  penyerapan tenaga  kerja,  penyediaan bahan  pangan,  dan pengembangan fisik Kecamatan Karangpucung.
Kajian Pengawasan Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Air Tanah di Kawasan Industri Kota Semarang
Authors: Valentino Deo
Published: March 2016

Kawasan industri didalam berbagai aktivitasnya, membutuhkan air bersih dalam jumlah yang relatif cukup besar. Berhubung penyediaan air bersih dari PDAM tidak memadai, maka preferensi kawasan industri bergeser ke alternatif lain yaitu sumber air tanah. Pemanfaatan maupun pengawasan upaya konservasi dan pendayagunaan air tanah, belum terselenggara dengan sebagaimana mestinya. Melihat permasalahan tersebut maka diangkat research question yaitu bagaimana pengawasan pemanfaatan dan upaya konservasi air tanah di Kawasan Industri Kota Semarang? Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pengawasan pemanfaatan air tanah oleh pemerintah di kawasan industri Kota Semarang. Guna mencapai tujuan ini maka pendekatan penelitian ini menggunakan model deskriptif kuantitatif, dengan responden yaitu pengelola kawasan industri, Dinas ESDM Propinsi Jawa Tengah, Dinas PSDA Kota Semarang, BLH Kota Semarang, dan DPKD Kota Semarang. Analisisnya meliputi analisis karakteristik industri yang memanfaatkan air tanah dilihat dari jenis dan jumlah industri, volume kebutuhan, jumlah sumur dan kedalamannya, ketersediaan jaringan PDAM, dan lokasi industri. Analisis berikutnya yaitu analisis pengawasan pemanfaatan sumber daya air tanah oleh BLH Kota Semarang, ESDM propinsi Jawa Tengah, PSDA Kota Semarang, dan DPKD Kota Semarang. Berdasarkan hasil analisis penelitian ini diketahui bahwa seluruh kawasan industri memiliki kecenderungan untuk memanfaatkan air tanah dibandingkan air PDAM. Namun, banyak pengelola kawasan tidak dapat menunjukkan surat izin sumur artesis yang dioperasikan dan belum melakukan upaya konservasi. Penelitian juga menunjukkan PSDA Kota, ESDM Propinsi, dan BLH Kota belum melakukan pengawasan rutin ke unit-unit industri terkait aktivitas pemanfaatan air tanah, sehingga tingkat pengawasannya dianggap lemah. Apabila temuan penelitian ini tidak segera diperbaiki dengan sungguh-sungguh, maka potensi ancaman krisis air dapat terjadi di Kota Semarang. Dalam rangka mengantisipasi potensi dampak pemanfaatan air tanah yang tidak berlangsung dengan sebagaimana mestinya, maka penelitian ini menawarkan rekomendasi yaitu : pengelola kawasan industri perlu meningkatkan disiplin pencatatan dan pelaporan berbagai karakteristik pemanfaatan dan upaya konservasi pendayagunaan air tanah sesuai peraturan perundangan yang sudah ada; instansi terkait perlu meningkatkan mutu pengawasan pemanfaatan air tanah; peneliti/penggiat pelestarian air tanah perlu melakukan penelitian yang lebih komprehensif guna menemukan kondisi riil air tanah pada saat ini di kawasan industri Kota Semarang.

 
Pengembangan Wilayah Berbasis Subsektor Pertanian Hortikultura di Kecamatan Plaosan Kabupaten Magetan
Authors: Kuncoro Sigit Dwi
Published: March 2016

Kecamatan Plaosan merupakan salah satu kecamatan di Kabupaten Magetan yang perekonomianya ditopang oleh kegiatan sektor pertanian. Salah satu sektor pertanian yang menjadi andalan adalah pertanian hortikultura. Namun terdapat permasalahan yang mengindikasikan sektor pertanian hortikultura belum maksimal didalam peningkatan ekonomi masyarakat di Kecamatan Plaosan. Data BPS menunjukan Kecamatan Plaosan diantara 18 (delapan belas) kecamatan di Kabupaten Magetan dengan jumlah penduduk miskinnya (pra sejahtera) terbanyak kedua setelah Kecamatan Panekan, dan ada kecengerungan peningkatan penduduk miskin dari tahun 2008 s.d 2011 yang rata-rata 1,5% setiap tahunnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengembangan wilayah berbasis subsektor pertanian hortikultura di Kecamatan Plaosan Kabupaten Magetan dengan menggunakan metode kuantitatif deskriptif dengan tiga analisis. Pertama, analisis karakteristik dan potensi wilayah. Kedua, analisis faktor-faktor pendorong dan penghambat. Ketiga, analisis pengaruh kegiatan pertanian hortikultura bagi peningkatan kesejahteraan petani dan kontribusinya didalam pengembangan wilayah di Kecamatan Plaosan Kabupaten Magetan. Hasil penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut: pertama, ketersediaan lahan pertanian, tenaga kerja, masihlah sangat potensial untuk dikembangkan. Kedua, kegiatan usaha pertanian tersebut masih belum memberikan pengaruh yang sangat besar bagi kesejahteraan petani dengan indikator Nilai Tukar Petani/ NTP rata–rata di Kecamatan Plaosan adalah 100,96. Angka ini jauh dari rata-rata NTP sektor pertanian hortikultura nasional yaitu sebesar 109,34. Ketiga, faktor yang paling berpengaruh mempengaruhi hasil NTP adalah ketersediaan bahan dan alat secara lokal, dimana masih belum terpenuhinya secara maksimal bahan dan alat secara lokal tersebut. Sektor pertanian hortikultura di Kecamatan Plaosan dapat dikembangkan sebagai motor penggerak perekonomian masyarakat serta menjadi sektor unggulan yang mendorong pembangunan wilayah di Kecamatan Plaosan. Untuk itulah perlu upaya peningkatan NTP petani dan pengoptimalan kinerja sektor pertanian hortikultura melalui: (1) pembenahan subsektor hulu petanian, dalam hal ini terkait dengan penyediaan bibit unggul, pupuk, dan obat-obatan. (2) Peningkatan subsektor penunjang terkait dengan kegiatan yang menghasilkan dan menyediakan jasa yang dibutuhkan seperti pemasaran, irigasi, transportasi, penelitian pengembangan, penyuluhan dan konsultasi.
Komoditas Perkebunan Unggulan yang Berbasis Pada Pengembangan Wilayah Kecamatan di Kabupaten Banjarnegara Provinsi Jawa Tengah
Authors: Setianto Pawit , Susilowati Indah
Published: March 2016

Perencanaan pembangunan berdasarkan perwilayahan komoditas dapat mengatasi persaingan jenis komoditas antar wilayah. Identifikasi dan analisa potensi wilayah perlu dilakukan dalam rangka pengembangan ekonomi wilayah yang merupakan informasi awal dalam merumuskan atau mempersiapkan strategi pengembangan potensi yang ada. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memetakan, menganalisis dan memberikan arahan dalam pengembangan komoditas perkebunan unggulan pada masing-masing kecamatan. Metode yang digunakan diskriptif statistik dengan melakukan overlay terhadap peta-peta iklim, curah hujan, suhu dan topografi. Analisis yang dipakai adalah analisis kesesuaian lahan, Location Quotient (LQ), Shift Share dan Delphi. Komoditas unggulan perkebunan yang mempunyai prioritas tinggi untuk dikembangkan di Kabupaten Banjarnegara adalah berturut-turut  kelapa deres, teh, kopi robusta, kopi arabika, kelapa dalam, karet, dan tebu. Wilayah potensial untuk pengembangan tanaman kelapa dalam adalah Kecamatan Mandiraja dan Susukan. Sedangkan wilayah potensial untuk pengembangan tanaman kelapa deres adalah Kecamatan Bawang, Purwonegoro, Rakit, Susukan dan Wanadadi. Kopi arabika potensial di Kecamatan Pejawaran dan Pagentan. Pengembangan tanaman kopi robusta adalah Kecamatan Banjarnegara, Wanadadi dan Punggelan.  Wilayah pengembangan teh adalah Kecamatan Pagentan, dan Wanayasa. Karet bisa dikembangkan di Kecamatan Punggelan, Purwonegoro, Susukan, Rakit, Mandiraja, Purworejo Klampok dan Wanadadi. Tebu dapat dikembangkan di Kecamatan Bawang, Purwonegoro, Susukan, Mandiraja, Rakit dan Wanadadi.
Pengaruh Sektor Pariwisata Terhadap Perekonomian dan Keruangan Kota Bukittinggi (Pendekatan Analisis Input Output)
Authors: Arianti Desi
Published: March 2016

Kota Bukittinggi adalah salah satu kota yang terletak di Propinsi Sumatera Barat.  Walaupun tidak mempunyai potensi sumberdaya alam yang dapat dieksploitasi, kota Bukittinggi mempunyai potensi lain, yakni kondisi alam yang indah, udara yang sejuk, mempunyai tempat-tempat peninggalan bersejarah, serta terletak pada posisi yang strategis menjadikan kota ini berpotensi sebagai daerah kunjungan wisata.  Karena potensi tersebut sektor pariwisata dijadikan sebagai salah satu sektor unggulan di Kota Bukittinggi, yang diharapkan dapat menjadi penggerak utama perekonomian kota.  Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan analisis input output, untuk mengkaji bagaimana pengaruh sektor pariwisata dan keterkaitannya dengan sektor lain terhadap perekonomian kota Bukittinggi.  Selain itu secara spasial akan dilihat juga bagaimana pengaruh sektor pariwisata terhadap pola dan struktur ruang kota Bukittinggi. Pengaruh sektor pariwisata terhadap perekonomian kota Bukittinggi menunjukan peran sektor pariwisata terhadap total permintaan adalah 40,86% apabila lapangan usaha di kelompokan menjadi sektor pertanian & pertambangan, sektor industri, sektor pariwisata dan sektor jasa.  Keterkaitan sektor pariwisata dengan sektor lain dilihat dari indeks daya penyebaran dan derajat kepekaan, semua sektor yang terkait dengan kegiatan kepariwisataan mempunyai indeks daya penyebaran > 1. Tetapi indeks derajat kepekaan > 1 hanya terjadi pada sektor perdagangan besar & eceran dan pengangkutan, sedangkan sektor hotel, restoran dan hiburan & rekreasi mempunyai indeks <1.  Multiplier effect semua sektor yang terkait kegiatan pariwisata mempunyai pengaruh yang relatif besar terhadap dampak pengganda baik output, pendapatan rumah tangga dan tenaga kerja.  Penerapan skenario input finansial, memperlihatkan pengaruh sektor pariwisata terhadap perekonomian Kota Bukittinggi akan lebih besar apabila input finansial dialokasikan lebih besar terhadap sektor-sektor pariwisata, baik dalam bentuk pengeluaran belanja pemerintah maupun investasi.  Keberadaan objek wisata di sekitar pusat kota telah mempengaruhi struktur kota, dimana kegiatan dan usaha yang terkait dengan pariwisata tertarik untuk berlokasi mendekati objek wisata.  Namun pola perkembangan kota ke arah timur, utara dan selatan kota lebih dipengaruhi oleh keberadaan jaringan jalan.
DEVELOPMENT OF OPEN SOURCE FINITE ELEMENT SOLVER “LD-FEM’ FOR MODELING AND SIMULATION OF RUBBER MATERIALS
Authors: Waluyo Sugeng
Published: March 2016

“LD-FEM” is an open source computer program working on the basis of finite element method (FEM) which is aimed to model and simulate large deformation in rubber materials. The kinematics of large deformation on the basis of the Total Lagrange framework is applied to linear 4-nodes tetrahedral element and then solved with Newton-Raphson iterative scheme. Furthermore, to obtain the material tangent stiffness directly from strain energy density functions, the Gill-Murray theory of numerical second derivative is used in LD-FEM. Finally, by using the Mooney-Rivlin strain energy function, the performance of LD-FEM is addressed for uniaxial tensile, shear and torsion loading tests. The results confirm the capability of LD-FEM to capture nonlinear behavior of the large deformation either with analytical or numerical approach on the material stiffness derivation with error less than 2%.
KINERJA ROTOR SAVONIUS DENGAN MEKANISME PENGARAH DAN PENGUMPUL ALIRAN ANGIN (MPPA)
Authors: Widyanto Susilo Adi , Ismoyo Ismoyo , Cahjono Surdjanto , Nugroho Dwi
Published: March 2016

Cadangan  energi fosil dunia terus menurun, pada sisi lain kebutuhan terus meningkat dari waktu ke waktu. Disamping itu dampak pemakaian energi  fosil semakin dirasakan dengan turunnya kualitas lingkungan akibat pencemaran yang berdampak pada perubahan iklim yang semakin ekstrim. Untuk itu pemanfaatan energi yang dapat diperbaharui kian mendesak dilakukan seperti halnya energi angin. Mengacu pada kondisi geografis Indonesia, pengembangan turbin angin berkecepatan rendah  berpotensi besar untuk dapat diaplikasikan sebagai pembangkit energi listrik. Paper ini membahas kinerja rotor Savonius yang dikombinasikan dengan MPPA. Dari hasil pengujian diperoleh bahwa penggunaan MPPA efektif digunakan untuk menurunkan torsi awal (start up) rotor sehingga cocok digunakan untuk daerah dengan potensi energi angin yang rendah. Namun dari sisi yang lain MPPA memperpanjang waktu respon rotor sehingga kurang sesuai untuk lokasi dengan kondisi arah aliran angin yang berubah-ubah.
THE AERODYNAMICS ANALYSIS OF AIRFOILS FOR HORIZONTAL AXIS WIND TURBINE BLADE USING COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMIC
Authors: Mokhetar Abdulhafiz Younis , Yohana Eflita , Suryo Utomo MSK. Tony
Published: March 2016

This paper included in designing and simulating for 2D. It may use two software's called Gambit and FLUENT to generate the data from the fluid flow cases. In this research select two models NACA airfoil NACA4412 and NACA4415. Chose NACA 4412 because lift coefficient is higher than NACA4415. In this study computational flow  over an airfoil at different angles of attack  (0º, 5º,10º,15º ,20º)  using  CFD (Computational fluid dynamics) simulation two dimensional airfoil NACA 4412 and NACA4415 CFD models are  presented using ANSYS-FLUENT software. For this model Using turbulent viscosity k-epsilon (standard wall function)  near  the  wall and wind velocity 5 m/s  Here, NACA 4412 airfoil  profile  is considered  for analysis of wind turbine  blade. Geometry of airfoil is created using GAMBIT 2.4.6 and CFD analysis is carried out using FLUENT 6.3.26 at various  angles  of  attack  from  0º  to  20º. Lift and Drag forces along with the angle of attack are the important parameters in a wind turbine system. The Lift and Drag forces are calculated at different sections for angle of attack from 0o to 20o for low Reynolds number. The analysis  showed that the angle of attack of 10o has high Lift/Drag ratio. The airfoil NACA 4412 is analyzed based on computational fluid dynamics to identify its suitability for its application and good agreement is made between the results
STUDI TENTANG FENOMENA COLLAPSE DAN BUCKLING PADA RANGKA BODI MOBIL
Authors: Sugiyanto Didik
Published: March 2016

Kondisi yang sering terjadi pada rangka sebuah kendaraan khususnya pada mobil adalah benturan atau tabrakan dengan benda lain, contoh kerusakan tersebut adalah pada rangka atau casis untuk itu diperlukan desain rangka yang mampu menyerap energi benturan. Karakteristik material sangat dipengaruhi oleh nilai kekakuan dari material tersebut sehingga dalam memilih material perlu diperhatikan properties materialnya. Untuk mendapatkan propertis material yang disesuaikan dengan kondisi eksperimen dapat dilakukan uji tarik dan uji tekan. Dalam penelitian ini difokuskan pada rangka dengan sudut 150, 300, dan 450. Hal ini berdasarkan pada studi lapangan bahwa kendaran terutama mobil untuk angkutan ringan memiliki sudut rangka antara 150 sampai dengan 450. Metode penelitian meliputi desain alat, desain rangka, pengadaan bahan dan alat percobaan, pembuatan alat, pembuatan rangka uji, dan proses pengujian, Pengujian yang dilakukan adalah pengujian tekan untuk mengetahui kekuatan pada rangka. Dari pengujian ini didapatkan gaya maksimal pada sudut 150 adalah 569,76 kg pada jarak 16 mm, sudut 300 adalah 370,3 kg pada jarak 15 mm, sudut 450 adalah 391,71 kg pada jarak 28 mm. Setelah mencapai gaya maksimal maka rangka akan terjadi collapse, diikuti dengan penurunan beban pada jarak berikutnya. Maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa nilai energi regangan yang paling besar terjadi pada sudut 150. Sehingga diketahui bahwa rangka dengan sudut 150 menghasilkan tingkat keamanan yang paling baik
EFEK LOKASI INJEKTOR TERHADAP INDEKS PENCAMPURAN AMMONIA UNTUK SCR DENGAN MIXER DINAMIK
Authors: Syaiful Syaiful , Andriani Iseu
Published: March 2016

Diesel engines many are used as transportation mode in the land and sea compared with gasoline engines due to their high efficiency and durability. However, diesel engine releases much more NOx and soot emissions than that of gasoline engine. NOx is formed from a reaction of Nitrogen and Oxygen at high temperature. If these emissions are breathed into human body resulting respiratory disorders such as emphysema and bronchitis as well as lungs tissue damage. Therefore, NOx emissions controll is required to reduce them reaching under a threshold level. An effective method for controlling NOx emissions produced by the diesel engines is by injecting ammonia obtained from urea into selective catalytic reduction (SCR method) system. Ammonia by means of catalyst reacts with NOx forming Nitrogen (N2) and Water (H2O). Therefore, a chance of each ammonia particle to react with each NOx particle is required to consider. A reaction quality between ammmonia and NOx particles can be increased by improving a mixing index. One of the methods to increase the mixing index is by using a dynamic mixer.There are several factors which influence the increase of mixing index. One of these factors is a location of ammonia injector. Since this work is focused on investigating the effect of ammonia injector location on the mixing index of ammonia to diesel engine exhaust gases which content of NOx emissions
PENGARUH VARIABEL PEMOTONGAN TERHADAP KEAUSAN ELEKTRODA DAN BENDA KERJA PADA PROSES EDM
Authors: Londa Petrus
Published: March 2016

Keausan elektroda pada proses EDM die sinking adalah peristiwa yang tidak dapat di hindari, namun dengan mengatur variabel pemotongan yang sesuai, diharapkan keausan yang terjadi se-minim mungkin sehingga dapat menjamin tingkat akurasi ukuran pada benda kerja yang di hasilkan. Pada penelitian ini di pilih metode Taguchi untuk menentukan variabel pemotongan yang optimum pada elektroda tembaga dan benda kerja dari bahan K460 (amutit S). Taguchi L9 orthogonal array, signal-to-noise ratio (S/N ratio) dan analysis of variance (ANOVA) dapat menentukan performa variabel proses EDM (PON, POFF, QDON dan GAP) dengan parameter yang di teliti adalah Electrode Wear Rate (EWR) dan Material Removal Rate (MRR). Hasil dari eksperimen tersebut di tampilkan dalam bentuk tabel-tabel dan grafik
Pemanfaatan Ruang Bersama di Rusunawa Kaligawe, Semarang
Authors: Dewi Zuyyina Laksita , Yuliastuti Nany
Published: March 2016

Rusunawa Kaligawe merupakan salah satu hunian vertikal yang dibangun di  wilayah timur Kota Semarang. Perubahan pola permukiman dari horisontal (kampung) ke arah vertikal (rumah susun) membatasi pergerakan masyarakat dalam bersosialisasi. Rumah susun sebagai bentukan baru dari hunian seharusnya dapat mengakomodasi kebutuhan sosial masyarakat yaitu untuk berkumpul dan berinteraksi dengan sesama. Ruang publikdi dalam suatu hunian rumah susun seharusnya yang dapat menampung pergaulan masyarakat sehingga meningkatkan kebersamaan di antara penghuni. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola pemanfaatan ruang-ruang bersama yang ada di Rusunawa Kaligawe sebagai wadah interaksi sosial dan faktor apa sajakah yang mempengaruhi pemanfaatan ruang-ruang bersama. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik analisis statistik deskriptif dan analisis faktor dengan sampel 126 unit rumah tangga. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik analisis dekriptif komparatif. Pola pemanfaatan ruang bersama menunjukkan bahwa ruang yang dekat dengan hunian warga, seperti selasar depan hunian (koridor) lebih sering dikunjungi dan digunakan untuk berinteraksi sedangkan ruang bersama yang terletak di lantai dasar kurang diminati. Pemanfaatan ruang bersama di Rusunawa Kaligawe tidak hanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor fisik ruang, tetapi juga faktor nonfisik yaitu karakteristik masyarakat sebagai pengguna dari ruang tersebut.
A protocol for matched unrelated donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantations for severe combined immunodeficiency
Authors: Kim Vy Hong-Diep
Published: March 2016

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using HLA-mismatched related donors for the treatment of severe combined immunodeficiency has led to disappointing outcomes at our institution. This created an impetus to consider other donor sources when an HLA-matched related donor was not available. In 1988, a new protocol using HLA-matched unrelated donors was developed at our institution and continues to be used to date. This has contributed to improved outcomes and change in practice for patients with severe combined immunodeficiency.

Statement of novelty: This report describes in detail the protocol for hematopoietic stem cell transplantations using HLA-matched unrelated donors for patients with severe combined immunodeficiency at our institution. This protocol is published for those centres wishing for guidance in setting up procedures for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Bird ringing in Slovenia in 2014 and results of the first telemetry study of an African migrant
Authors: Vrezec Al , Fekonja Dare , Denac Katarina
Published: March 2016

In 2014, 162 bird species were recorded during the bird ringing activities in Slovenia. Of 155 species, 62,275 birds were ringed, and 107 recoveries of birds ringed in Slovenia and found abroad, 148 foreign recoveries in Slovenia and 1395 local recoveries were recorded. The most frequently ringed species were Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla and Great Tit Parus major. As far as ringed nestlings are concerned, Great Tits and Barn Swalllows Hirundo rustica predominated. Considering the recoveries ringed of found birds abroad, the commonest were Black-headed Gulls Chroicocephalus ridibundus and Mute Swans Cygnus olor. The farthest recovery was a Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica found in the Democratic Republic of Congo (5171 km away). Among the more interesting finds was also the so far southernmost recovery of a Sand Martin Riparia riparia found in Israel. Let us also mention the first recovery of a Corncrake Crex crex, which bred and was ringed in 2013 at Planinsko polje (central Slovenia) and was found in the 2014 breeding season in the Czech Republic. Among rare species, two Little Buntings Emberiza pusilla were caught and ringed. After nine years, the Roller Coracias garrulus bred again in Slovenia in 2014 and its nestlings were ringed. The paper also brings the description of the migration route of the first African migrant, the Black Stork Ciconia nigra, marked with a GPS/GSM telemetric device, which migrated across the Adriatic Sea, Sicily and Sahara to Nigeria.
Analysis, adaptive control and circuit simulation of a novel finance system with dissaving
Authors: Tacha Ourania I. , Volos Christos K. , Stouboulos Ioannis N. , Kyprianidis Ioannis M.
Published: March 2016

In this paper a novel 3-D nonlinear finance chaotic system consisting of two nonlinearities with negative saving term, which is called ‘dissaving’ is presented. The dynamical analysis of the proposed system confirms its complex dynamic behavior, which is studied by using wellknown simulation tools of nonlinear theory, such as the bifurcation diagram, Lyapunov exponents and phase portraits. Also, some interesting phenomena related with nonlinear theory are observed, such as route to chaos through a period doubling sequence and crisis phenomena. In addition, an interesting scheme of adaptive control of finance system’s behavior is presented. Furthermore, the novel nonlinear finance system is emulated by an electronic circuit and its dynamical behavior is studied by using the electronic simulation package Cadence OrCAD in order to confirm the feasibility of the theoretical model.
Palaeopathology and its relevance to understanding health and disease today: the impact of the environment on health, past and present
Authors: Roberts Charlotte Ann
Published: March 2016

This paper considers the discipline of palaeopathology, how it has developed, how it is studied, and what limitations present challenges to analysis. The study of disease has a long history and has probably most rapidly developed over the last 40-50 years with the development of methods, and particularly ancient pathogen DNA analysis. While emphasizing that palaeopathology has close synergies to evolutionary medicine, it focuses then on three ‘case studies’ that illustrate the close interaction people have had with their environments and how that has impacted their health. Upper and lower respiratory tract disease has affected sinuses and ribs, particularly in urban contexts, and tuberculosis in particular has been an ever present disease throughout thousands of years of our existence. Ancient DNA methods are now allowing us to explore how strains of the bacteria causing TB have changed through time. Vitamin D deficiency and ‘phossy jaw’ are also described, both potentially related to polluted environments, and possibly to working conditions in the industrial period. Access to UV light is emphasized as a preventative factor for rickets and where a person lives is important (latitude). The painful stigmatizing ‘phossy jaw’ appears to be a condition related to the match making industries. Finally, thoughts for the future are outlined, and two key concerns: a close consideration of ethical issues and human remains, especially with destructive analyses, and thinking more about how palaeopathological research can impact people beyond academia.
Association of FTO and TMEM18 polymorphisms with overweight and obesity in the population of Polish children
Authors: Rosset Iwona , Strapagiel Dominik , Sitek Aneta , Majewska Małgorzata , Ostrowska-Nawarycz Lidia , Żądzińska Elżbieta
Published: March 2016

The objective of the study was to verify whether or not FTO rs9939609, rs9926289 and TMEM18 rs4854344, rs6548238, rs2867125 variants are important risk factors for overweight and/or obesity in Polish children aged 6-16 (n=283). FTO rs 9939609 and rs9926289 exhibited a strong codominant obesity-predisposing effect of genotypes homozygous for minor alleles (OR=5.42, 95% CI: 2.04-14.39, p=0.0006). The important finding of the study is increased risk of overweight (OR=5.03, 95% CI: 1.15-21.93, p=0.0306) in individuals homozygous for the minor alleles rs4854344, rs6548238 and rs2867125 in the recessive inheritance model, while no other significant associations between TMEM18 variants and risk of obesity were found. Given the identified interaction TMEM18 genotype × BMI category (p=0.0077), it seems that the effect of homozygous for the minor alleles may be compared to a “weight guard”, which significantly increases the risk of overweight, but not of obesity, because it promotes weight gain only up to the threshold of obesity. Conclusion: The proposed hypothetical effect (“weight guard”) of homozygous for the minor alleles in the TMEM18 based on a rather small sample is a possible explanation of the effects of minor alleles, which minimize the risk of obesity.
Two cases of osteoid osteoma in skulls dating from the 13–14th centuries from St. Elisabeth’s Church in Wrocław, Poland
Authors: Gawlikowska-Sroka Aleksandra , Kwiatkowska Barbara , Szczurowski Jacek , Gronkiewicz Stanisław , Dąbrowski Paweł
Published: March 2016

In the study two human skulls recovered from archaeological excavations at St. Elizabeth’s Church in Wrocław, dating from the 13-14th centuries were assessed. Direct measurements of each skull were recorded, and X-ray images in P-A, lateral and basal projections were taken. The skulls represented adult males. Large, bony, lobular tumours were found on the palatine bones of both skulls. X-ray examination identified these tumours as osteoid osteomas, which are benign bone tumours that may originate in the periosteum or may be located inside the bone, distorting the maxilla or mandible. However, osteoid osteoma of the palatine is very rare. This study extends our knowledge regarding the health and diseases of historical populations.
Approximation of Vehicle Trajectory with B-Spline Curve
Authors: Páleš Dušan , Váliková Veronika , Antl Ján , Tóth František
Published: March 2016

In this contribution, we present the description of a B-spline curve. We deal with creation of its basis function as well as with creation of the curve itself from entered control points. Following the literature, we formed an algorithm for B-spline modelling and we used it for the planar and spatial curve. The planar curve is made of chosen points. The spatial curve approximates the trajectory of a real vehicle, which trajectory was obtained by the set of measured points. The modelled curve very exactly describes the polygon created from the linked control points. With the lowering degree of the curve, this one is more clamping to the given polygon and for the extreme case it is transformed to the polygon itself. The advantage of the B-spline curve use is, for example in comparison with a Bézier curve, high adaptability, which is expressed in its parameters - besides entered control points, these are knots generated on the curve and degree of the curve.
Performance Evaluation of Throatless Gasifier Using Pine Needles as a Feedstock for Power Generation
Authors: Dhaundiyal Alok , Tewari Pramod Chandra
Published: March 2016

This paper deals with the performance evaluation of a throatless gasifier TG-SI-10E. Evaluation of the throatless gasifier was done in three streams, which were the thermal, design and economic aspects. It was tested with pine needles, derived from the Himalayan chir pine (Pinus roxburghii). A non-isokinetic sampling technique was used for measuring the tar and dust contents. The carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide emission at the exhaust of engine was in the range of 12.8% and 0.1-0.5% respectively. The maximum temperature of producer gas measured at the outlet of the gasifier was 505 °C. The specific biomass consumption rate of pine needles was calculated to be 1.595 kg/kWh (electrical). Specific gasification rate for the given design was found to be 107 kg/m2h. Economic evaluation was based on direct tax incidence.