bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PEMETAAN TOPOGRAFI MENGGUNAKAN TOTAL STATION PADA KOMPLEK SEKOLAH TERPADU TEUKU UMAR ACEH BARAT
Authors: Novriza Ferdiansyah , Agusmaniza Roni
Published: October 2020

Mapping is a very important part of the work in the field of development, especially in modern times. Accurate and good mapping will also produce good data, so that it can be used as a reference in the field of development both in small, medium and large scale. Therefore, in carrying out the mapping, the tools used should be able to apply the correct measurement techniques. The total station is one of the tools used in the mapping. The total station is a digital device capable of measuring distances and angles simultaneously and can record data electronically. This mapping aims to map a plot of land with the output produced in the form of a topographic map of the Teuku Umar Integrated School Complex (STTU), West Aceh Regency. The measurement method uses Sokkia Total Station Type CX 103 using a prism and data processing uses PC-CDU software, SOKKIA Link SOKKIA Tools, and Land Desktop. The measurement results obtained the original land surface elevation data with an area of 8645 m2. The lowest point of the land surface is at P9 point with an elevation of 2.01 m. This is because the area is a swampy area. While the highest ground level elevation is at the BM point with an elevation of 3.00 m. This is because the area is a hilly land surface.

Pemetaan merupakan bagian pekerjaan yang sangat penting pada bidang pembangunan, khususnya di zaman modern ini. Pemetaan yang akurat dan baik akan menghasilkan data-data yang baik pula, sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai acuan dalam bidang pembangunan baik dalam skala kecil, menengah maupun besar. Oleh karena itu, dalam melaksanakan pemetaan hendaknya menggunakan alat yang mampu mengaplikasikan teknik-teknik pengukuran yang benar. Total station merupakan salah satu alat yang digunakan dalam pemetaan tersebut. Total station merupakan alat digital yang mampu mengukur jarak dan sudut secara sekaligus dan dapat merekam data secara elektronik. Pemetaan ini bertujuan untuk memetakan suatu bidang tanah dengan output yang dihasilkan berupa peta topografi Komplek Sekolah Terpadu Teuku Umar (STTU) Kabupaten Aceh Barat. Metode pengukuran menggunakan alat Total Station Sokkia Tipe CX 103 dengan menggunakan prisma dan pengolahan data menggunakan software PC-CDU, SOKKIA Link SOKKIA Tools, dan Land Dekstop. Hasil pengukuran didapatkan data elevasi permukaan tanah asli dengan luas 8645 m2. Titik terendah permukaan tanah berada pada titik P9 dengan elevasi 2,01 m. Hal ini disebabkan pada daerah tersebut merupakan daerah rawa-rawa. Sedangkan elevasi tertinggi permukaan tanah berada pada titik BM dengan Elevasi 3,00 m. Hal ini disebabkan pada daerah tersebut merupakan permukaan tanah yang berbukit.
THE CONCEPT OF ERGONOMIC VULNERABILITY OF HUMAN - MACHINE INTERFACES
Authors: Обознов А.А. , Занковский А.Н. , Бессонова Ю.В.
Published: October 2020

В статье обосновывается необходимость введения понятия эргономической уязвимости как потенциального свойства человеко-машинных интерфейсов. Проанализированы отличия понятия эргономической уязвимости от широко используемого термина эргономические недостатки. Рассмотрены причины проявлений эргономической уязвимости интерфейсов, которые прошли процедуру эргономической экспертизы, а также направления исследований по обоснованию путей снижения риска возникновения и проявления эргономических уязвимостей человеко-машинного интерфейса Ключевые слова : спорт высших достижений (СВД), спортсмены, сфера деятельности и жизнедеятельности, психологи, феномены, социальные объекты, эволюция, эффекты саморазвития.

The article presents a justification the need for a concept of ergonomic vulnerability as a potential property of human-machine interfaces. The differences between the concept of ergonomic vulnerability and the widely used term «ergonomic shortcomings» are analyzed. The causes of the interface’s ergonomic vulnerability revealed during the ergonomic assessment have been studied, and the research areas to outline the ways to reduce the risk of ergonomic vulnerabilities of the human-machine interaction.
Katalán rendészeti igazgatás, a helyi rendészet Barcelonában
Authors: Bacsárdi József , Christián László
Published: October 2020

The authors provide an overview of the operation of Spanish law enforce­ment, in particular, the Catalan police, Mossos d'Esquadra and the municipal law enforcement in Catalonia.
Joghamonizáció vagy sem?
Authors: Kovács István
Published: October 2020

The author provides an overview of the implementation of New York Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others in Hungary.
Egyes kognitív, emberi tényezők szerepe a szakértőivélemény-alkotásban
Authors: Kovács Gábor , Czebe András
Published: October 2020

The authors provide an overview ofhow cognitive biases may affect forensic examiners, in particular in using Automated Fingerprint Identification Systems.
A Fehérgyarmati járás rendőri gyakorlata
Authors: Kovács Attila
Published: October 2020

The author provides an overview of the successful policing work in the Fehérgyarmat district in Hungary, which led to a decrease in crime.
FINANCIAL SYSTEM PERFORMANCE IN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES: DO COUNTRY’S GOVERNANCE INDICATORS MATTER?
Authors: Barbu Teodora Cristina , Boitan Iustina Alina
Published: October 2020

The study analyses the impact of country’s governance factors on the financial behaviour and performance of financial intermediaries operating in European Union countries, by covering the period 2000–2017. Empirical evidence provided by the paper relies on a set of financial and political factors that has not been previously studied. Four indicators are jointly used as proxies for capturing the various dimensions of a country’s good governance, while 21 financial indicators represent the alternative dependent variables meant to comprehensively depict the banking sector and capital market development. Each panel regression has been controlled for country’s degree of economic development and its membership to OECD and euro-zone. The findings indicated that various dimensions of political factor caused different effects on financial sector features. Control of corruption, solid political and economic stability determine significant effects on most financial variables considered (almost two-thirds of the financial indicators considered). Even after controlling for the lagged effect of governance factors the main results hold, in that monitoring corruption, maintaining political stability and designing sound economic policies still have an impact on most financial indicators considered. Another interesting conclusion supported by the results is that not all political instability indicators are detrimental for banking and stock market functioning.
A New Transition Wolf–Rayet WN/C Star in the Milky Way
Authors: Zhang Wei , Todt Helge , Wu Hong , Shi Jianrong , Hsia Chih-Hao , Wu Yuzhong , Wu Chaojian , Zhao Yongheng , Zhang Tianmeng , Hou Yonghui
Published: October 2020

We report the discovery of a new transition type Wolf–Rayet (W-R) WN/C star in the Galaxy. According to its coordinates (R.A., decl.)J2000  =

18

h

51

m

39
.ˢ
7

, −05°34′51.″1, and the distance (7.11

−
1.22

+
1.56

kpc away from Earth) inferred from the second Gaia data release, it is found that W-R 121-16 is located in the Far 3 kpc Arm, and it is 3.75 kpc away from the Galactic Center. The optical spectra obtained by the Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope and the 2.16 m telescope, both located at the Xinglong Observatory in China, indicate that this is a W-R star of the transitional WN7o/WC subtype. A current stellar mass of about

7.1

−
1.1

+
1.7

M
☉, a mass-loss rate of

M

̇

=

10

−

4.97

−
0.20

+
0.16

M

☉

yr

−
1

, a bolometric luminosity of log L/L
☉ =

4.88

−
0.15

+
0.17

, and a stellar temperature of

T

*

=

47

−
5

+
9

kK are derived by fitting the observed spectrum with a specific Potsdam W-R model. The magnitude in V-band varies between 13.95 and 14.14 mag, while no period is found. Based on the optical spectra, the time domain data, and the indices of the astrometric solution of the Gaia data, W-R 121-16 is likely a transitional WN/C single star rather than a WN+WC binary.
Two Flares with One Shock: The Interesting Case of 3C 454.3
Authors: Liodakis I. , Blinov D. , Jorstad S. G. , Arkharov A. A. , Paola A. Di , Efimova N. V. , Grishina T. S. , Kiehlmann S. , Kopatskaya E. N. , Larionov V. M. , Larionova L. V. , Larionova E. G. , Marscher A. P. , Morozova D. A. , Nikiforova A. A. , Pavlidou V. , Traianou E. , Troitskaya Yu. V. , Troitsky I. S. , Uemura M. , Weaver Z. R.
Published: October 2020

The quasar 3C 454.3 is a blazar known for its rapid and violent outbursts seen across the electromagnetic spectrum. Using γ-ray, X-ray, multiband optical, and very-long-baseline interferometric data we investigate the nature of two such events that occurred in 2013 and 2014 accompanied by strong variations in optical polarization, including a ∼230° electric vector position angle (EVPA) rotation. Our results suggest that a single disturbance was responsible for both flaring events. We interpret the disturbance as a shock propagating down the jet. Under this interpretation the 2013 flare originated most likely due to changes in the viewing angle caused by perhaps a bent or helical trajectory of the shock upstream of the radio core. The 2014 flare and optical polarization behavior are the result of the shock exiting the 43 GHz radio core, suggesting that shock crossings are one of the possible mechanisms for EVPA rotations.
Star Formation and Morphological Properties of Galaxies in the Pan-STARRS 3π Survey. I. A Machine-learning Approach to Galaxy and Supernova Classification
Authors: Baldeschi A. , Miller A. , Stroh M. , Margutti R. , Coppejans D. L.
Published: October 2020

We present a classification of galaxies in the Pan-STARRS1 (PS1) 3π survey based on their recent star formation history and morphology. Specifically, we train and test two Random Forest (RF) classifiers using photometric features (colors and moments) from the PS1 data release 2. The labels for the morphological classification are taken from Huertas-Company et al., while labels for the star formation fraction (SFF) are from the Blanton et al. catalog. We find that colors provide more predictive accuracy than photometric moments. We morphologically classify galaxies as either early- or late-type, and our RF model achieves a 78% classification accuracy. Our second model classifies galaxies as having either a low-to-moderate or high SFF. This model achieves an 89% classification accuracy. We apply both RF classifiers to the entire PS1 3π dataset, which allows us to assign two scores to each PS1 source: P
HSFF, which quantifies the probability of having a high SFF; and P
spiral, which quantifies the probability of having a late-type morphology. Finally, as a proof of concept, we apply our classification framework to supernova (SN) host galaxies from the Zwicky Transient Factory and the Lick Observatory Supernova Search samples. We show that by selecting P
HSFF or P
spiral, it is possible to significantly enhance or suppress the fraction of core-collapse SNe (or thermonuclear SNe) in the sample with respect to random guessing. This result demonstrates how contextual information can aid transient classifications at the time of first detection. In the current era of spectroscopically starved time-domain astronomy, prompt automated classification is paramount. Our table is available at 10.5281/zenodo.3990545.
Evidence for Emergent Dark Energy
Authors: Li Xiaolei , Shafieloo Arman
Published: October 2020

We introduce a generalized form of an emergent dark energy model with one degree of freedom for the dark energy sector that has the flexibility to include both the ΛCDM model as well as the Phenomenologically Emergent Dark Energy (PEDE) model proposed by Li & Shafieloo as two of its special limits. The free parameter for the dark energy sector, namely Δ, has a value of 0 for the Λ case and a value of 1 for the PEDE case. Fitting the introduced parametric form to Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) data and recent H
0 results from local observations of cepheids and supernovae, we show that the Δ = 0 associated with the ΛCDM model would fall out of the 4σ confidence limits of the derived posterior of the Δ parameter. Moreover, H
0 tensions with the emergent dark energy model will be alleviated and this model can satisfy the combination of Planck CMB data and local H
0 observations with ΔDIC = −2.88 compared with the ΛCDM model.
Absorption-line Environments of High-redshift BOSS Quasars
Authors: Chen Chen , Hamann Fred , Ma Bo , Lundgren Britt , York Donald , Nestor Daniel , AlSayyad Yusra
Published: October 2020

The early stage of massive galaxy evolution often involves outflows driven by a starburst or a central quasar plus cold mode accretion (infall), which adds to the mass build-up in the galaxies. To study the nature of these infall and outflows in the quasar environments, we have examined the correlation of narrow absorption lines (NALs) at positive and negative velocity shifts to other quasar properties, such as their broad absorption-line (BAL) outflows and radio-loudness, using spectral data from SDSS-BOSS DR12. Our results show that the incidence of associated absorption lines (AALs) and outflow AALs is strongly correlated with BALs, which indicates most AALs form in quasar-driven outflows. Multiple AALs are also strongly correlated with BALs, demonstrating quasar outflows tend to be highly structured and can create multiple gas components with different velocity shifts along our line of sight. Infall AALs appear less often in quasars with BALs than quasars without BALs. This suggests that BAL outflows act on large scale in host galaxies and inhibit the infall of gas from the IGM, supporting theoretical models in which quasar outflow plays an important role in the feedback to host galaxies. Despite having larger distances, infall AALs are more highly ionized than outflow AALs, which can be attributed to the lower densities in the infall absorbers.
ALMA CO Observations of Gamma-Ray Supernova Remnant N132D in the Large Magellanic Cloud: Possible Evidence for Shocked Molecular Clouds Illuminated by Cosmic-Ray Protons
Authors: Sano H. , Plucinsky P. P. , Bamba A. , Sharda P. , Filipović M. D. , Law C. J. , Alsaberi R. Z. E. , Yamane Y. , Tokuda K. , Acero F. , Sasaki M. , Vink J. , Inoue T. , Inutsuka S. , Shimoda J. , Tsuge K. , Fujii K. , Voisin F. , Maxted N. , Rowell G. , Onishi T. , Kawamura A. , Mizuno N. , Yamamoto H. , Tachihara K. , Fukui Y.
Published: October 2020

N132D is the brightest gamma-ray supernova remnant (SNR) in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). We carried out 12CO(J = 1–0, 3–2) observations toward the SNR using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) and Atacama Submillimeter Telescope Experiment. We find diffuse CO emission not only at the southern edge of the SNR as previously known, but also inside the X-ray shell. We spatially resolved nine molecular clouds using ALMA with an angular resolution of 5″, corresponding to a spatial resolution of ∼1 pc at the distance of the LMC. Typical cloud sizes and masses are ∼2.0 pc and ∼100 M
⊙, respectively. High intensity ratios of CO J = 3–2/1–0 > 1.5 are seen toward the molecular clouds, indicating that shock heating has occurred. Spatially resolved X-ray spectroscopy reveals that thermal X-rays in the center of N132D are produced not only behind a molecular cloud but also in front of it. Considering the absence of a thermal component associated with the forward shock toward one molecular cloud located along the line of sight to the center of the remnant, this suggests that this particular cloud is engulfed by shock waves and is positioned on the near side of the remnant. If the hadronic process is the dominant contributor to the gamma-ray emission, the shock-engulfed clouds play a role as targets for cosmic rays. We estimate the total energy of cosmic-ray protons accelerated in N132D to be ∼0.5–3.8 × 1049 erg as a conservative lower limit, which is similar to that observed in Galactic gamma-ray SNRs.
Butterflies in urban parks in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region, Thailand
Authors: Jaturas Narong , Sing Kong-Wah , Wilson John-James , Dong Hui
Published: October 2020

For residents of East-Southeast Asia’s megacities, interactions with “nature” may be largely limited to interactions taking place in urban parks. Urban parks provide refuges for ecologically-important biodiversity, such as insect pollinators. While residents may be unlikely to notice small insects, butterflies are more likely to be noticed and to provide positive human-“nature” interactions. Engaging residents and city planners in promoting habitat for butterflies is valid conservation practice and has well-understood educational and well-being benefits. Surveying and monitoring is an essential activity to corroborate, improve and communicate the outcomes of conservation practices amongst city governments, scientists and other stakeholders. Here we present the data from a survey of butterflies in urban parks in the megacity of the Bangkok Metropolitan Region as part of the "Urban biodiversity and human well-being in East-Southeast Asia's megacities" project organised by the "Urban Butterflies in Asia Research Network".

We recorded 51 species of butterflies from ten urban parks in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region. This was more than double the 25 species reported in Bangkok's City Biodiversity Index application. However, this was lower than that recorded in other megacities in Southeast Asia, such as Kuala Lumpur at 60 species. Most of the butterflies recorded were common and widespread species. DNA barcodes are provided for most of the butterflies sampled.
A new species of the genus Dahlica Enderlein, 1912, from Hungary (Lepidoptera, Psychidae)
Authors: Arnscheid Wilfried
Published: October 2020

In this paper a previously unknown species of the genus Dahlica Enderlein, 1912, from the subgenus Postsolenobia Meier, 1957, is described as Dahlica (Postsolenobia) weidlichisp. nov. and compared with the already known species of this subgenus. Analysis of DNA barcodes for all five validly described taxa of the subgenus Postsolenobia show an unexpected pattern of genetic diversity. Careful re-examination of morphological traits fully supports this pattern and leads to the description of a new species. In addition, the habitat of the new species is characterised and the entire distribution of the subgenus is discussed.
Immune-Metabolic Therapy of Purulent Inflammatory Diseases
Authors: Berezhnova Tatiyana A. , Dyadina Kseniya S. , Kulintsova Yana V.
Published: October 2020

Introduction: Inflammatory diseases of the female genital organs rank among the leading ones in the total number of women of reproductive age. This results from a decrease in immunity, early sexual activity, neglect of personal hygiene, abortions, birth complications, etc.

Materials and Methods: The study included 100 patients suffering from exacerbated chronic salpingo-oophoritis and its combination with bacterial vaginosis. In the study, all the patients were randomly divided into five groups, with 20 patients each. The patients were treated in the prescribed regimens and doses, according to the standards of specialized medical care. An immunomodulator immunomax and an antioxidant hypoxene were chosen as additional treatment options. Clinical and laboratory parameters were measured in all the patients before and after the treatment. The effec­tiveness of the treatment was evaluated 10-14 days later. In 18 people, the procedure was repeated after 2-3 months.

Results and Discussion: It was found that the standard therapy to treat exacerbated chronic salpingo-oophoritis re­duced inflammatory manifestations after 10-14 days; however, the risk of complications and relapse of the disease remained. Immunomax provided satisfactory second-order normalization of the immunological and metabolic parame­ters, ultimate normalization of pro-inflammatory parameters and absolutely no positive effect on the clinical parameters in patients with chronic salpingo-oophoritis in the acute stage, when compared with the standard treatment. A complex therapy of salpingo-oophoritis with bacterial vaginosis by means of immunomax and hypoxene aimed to normalize most clinical and laboratory parameters was absolutely positive; a moderate level of parameters was revealed only in cellular-humoral immunity.

Conclusion: After 10-14 days, the standard treatment of patients resulted in normalization of the pro-inflammatory and immunological parameters, rather than the clinical and metabolic parameters. The administration of immunomax con­tributed to the correction of metabolic, immunological and pro-inflammatory markers, and the complex administration of an immunomodulator with an antioxidant favorably affected all the laboratory parameters.
Rhadinoscelidia lixa sp. nov. (Hymenoptera, Chrysididae, Loboscelidiinae) found on an ant nest in Thailand
Authors: Hisasue Yu , Mita Toshiharu
Published: October 2020

Rhadinoscelidia lixasp. nov. is described from Thailand. It is the fifth species of the genus and second species from Thailand. A biological note on the species with its associated ants is provided.
A new species of Pima Hulst, 1888 from China (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae, Phycitinae), with a key to Holarctic species
Authors: Yang Linlin , Ren Yingdang
Published: October 2020

Pima tristriatasp. nov.is described as new to science based on specimens collected from the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China, andP. boisduvaliella(Guenée, 1845) is also treated here for comparison. DNA barcodes of the two species are provided, together with a neighbor-joining tree for species delimitation. A key to the Holarctic species and a distribution map of the Chinese species are presented.
Multidimensional stability of V-shaped traveling fronts in bistable reaction-diffusion equations with nonlinear convection
Authors: Niu Hui-Ling
Published: October 2020

This paper is concerned with the multidimensional stability of V-shaped traveling fronts for a reaction-diffusion equation with nonlinear convection term in $\mathbb{R}^n$ ($n\geq3$). We consider two cases for initial perturbations: one is that the initial perturbations decay at space infinity and another one is that the initial perturbations do not necessarily decay at space infinity. In the first case, we show that the V-shaped traveling fronts are asymptotically stable. In the second case, we first show that the V-shaped traveling fronts are also asymptotically stable under some further assumptions. At the same time, we also show that there exists a solution that oscillates permanently between two V-shaped traveling fronts, which means that the traveling fronts are not asymptotically stable under general bounded perturbations.
The Challenges Faced in Technology-Driven Classes During COVID-19
Authors: Sharma Sangeeta , Bumb Arpan
Published: October 2020

In the wake of coronavirus pandemic, social distancing became a mandate that led to the transition from traditional classroom-based lectures to computer-based learning. This paper extensively deals with the ranking of the challenges faced by instructors and students. Primary data from 624 participants (399 students and 225 instructors) is collected through a questionnaire. To assign the ranking to the challenges, Technique of Order Preference Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) is deployed. A contextual model is developed by using Interpretive Structural Model (ISM) technique that further provides recommendations for prioritizing the challenges that need to be addressed to mitigate the problems faced in online lectures in coronavirus situation. The number of variables is reduced to simplify the interpretation by exploratory factor analysis. The study also provides the basis to formulate the strategies for policymakers and administration after identifying which challenges need to be addressed first for mitigating all the other challenges.
Direct Reduction of Limonitic Laterite Nickel Ore with Variation Type of Reducing Agents to Fe, Ni Content and Recovery by Using Coal-Dolomit Bed Method
Authors: Pintowantoro Sungging , Abdul Fakhreza , Zulyansyah Dede
Published: October 2020

The increasing demand for stainless steel and the scarcity of sulfide nickel ore affect the increase of laterite nickel ore processing. One of the processes that has been proven can be applied to process laterite nickel ore is direct reduction. In the direct reduction, the reduction atmosphere was adjusted by controlling the volume of CO and CO2 from carbon source materials, such as coal, charcoal, and green cokes. This research aims to analyze the effect of reducing agents type on nickel limonitic nickel briquettes on Ni and Fe content and recovery of Ni and Fe. The direct reduction process was conducted at 1400°C for six hours. The EDX test was conducted to analyze the elemental composition of the product, especially for Ni and Fe content. On the other hand, the XRD can be applied to analyze the compound formed in the product Greencoke will produce the highest Ni content (15.23%). The highest Ni recovery (96%) was obtained by the addition of green coke reducing agent. On the other hand, the highest Fe recovery (18.8%) was obtained by the addition of coal reducing agent.
Corrosion Behavior of a Predeformed Fe-Ni Lateritic Steel with Bainite Structure
Authors: Rohmah Miftakhur , Anwar Mochamad Syaiful , Roberto Rahadian , Citrawati Fatayalkadri
Published: October 2020

In a railway track for intermodal usage between a train station to a port, an observation on corrosion behavior of the track alloy in the coastal environment needs to be considered. In this study, Fe-Ni lateritic steel with bainite structure is observed. This alloy is developed from lateritic ores in Indonesia as an alternative to the conventionally made Fe-Ni steels. This study aims to determine the effect of cold rolling and austempering processes on the corrosion properties of the alloy. The cold-rolling reductions used are 30% and 70%, followed by an austempering process at 400°C for 30 mins with air cooling. The corrosion test was performed on four different samples-- First, a before deformation sample. Second, 30% and 70% cold-rolled samples. Third, austempered without deformation samples. Besides, fourth, deformed austempered samples. The corrosion test method implemented was the CASS Method for 2, 4, and 6 days. The highest corrosion rate obtained by 30% cold rolling, and the corrosion rate is increased as the austempering addition. The microstructures of rust are approximately porous few compact, near to voluminous coarse-grain corrosion products, and tend to crack.
Ultrasound-Guided Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Insertion: The Nurse’s Manual
Authors: Morata Lauren , Bowers Mark
Published: October 2020

Peripheral intravenous catheter placement is a skill that is used daily in the hospital. However, many nurses face the challenge of cannulating increasingly complex and difficult-to-access vasculature. Although emergency department clinicians have been using ultrasound to facilitate this procedure for the last 18 years, ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous catheter placement has not been as rapidly adopted in the critical and acute care nursing realms. Given the benefits of this procedure, including increased patient satisfaction and reduced use of central catheters, its use should be encouraged among all acute care clinicians. The aim of this article is to provide the bedside nurse with a basic understanding of the techniques involved in placing ultrasound-guided peripheral intravenous catheters in patients with difficult venous access.
Ketamine for Acute Pain Management and Sedation
Authors: Brown Kyle , Tucker Calvin
Published: October 2020

Topic

Ketamine is beneficial in clinical settings ranging from procedural sedation to the treatment of chronic pain. This article describes the clinical benefits of ketamine for treatment of acute pain and for sedation of patients undergoing mechanical ventilation.

Clinical Relevance

Ketamine causes analgesic and amnestic effects by noncompetitive inhibition of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor and activation of the opioid μ and κ receptors. Unlike other sedatives, ketamine provides analgesia and amnesia without causing hypotension or respiratory depression. Several studies have elucidated the clinical benefits of ketamine. The use of ketamine has extended beyond critical care areas such as the operating room and intensive care units. Nurses must be familiar with optimal clinical scenarios, monitoring parameters, and contraindications of ketamine.

Purpose

To highlight the clinical utility and pharmacological properties of ketamine through a literature review. Current studies of ketamine in acute pain and sedation management are summarized.

Content Covered

This narrative review describes pharmacological properties, dosing strategies, adminis­tration considerations, and adverse effects of ketamine.
Hiding in Plain Sight: Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Infections
Authors: Nickel Barb
Published: October 2020

Topic

This article presents an overview of the burden of peripheral intravenous catheter infections and current evidence-based recommendations for prevention.

Clinical Relevance

Peripheral intravenous catheters are ubiquitous in most health care settings, fostering an acceptance of the peripheral intravenous catheter as benign and inevitable. This device, however, is far from benign, with reported failure rates as high as 90% from complications such as infection and phlebitis. Although reported rates of bloodstream infection related to peripheral intravenous catheters are much lower than those attributed to central venous catheters, the exponentially higher use of peripheral intravenous catheters indicates that the absolute number of peripheral venous catheter–related bloodstream infections is likely as high as and may surpass the number of central venous catheter–related bloodstream infections, with significant associated morbidity and mortality.

Purpose of Paper

Sustained improvements in outcomes related to peripheral intravenous catheters will depend on recognition of the root causes of failure and increased commitment to practice patterns consistent with infusion therapy standards of practice, effective education about peripheral intravenous catheters, accurate documentation of all aspects of peripheral intravenous catheter management, and consistent surveillance of patient outcomes related to peripheral intravenous catheters.

Content Covered

This article reviews the significant burden of peripheral intravenous catheter infections, barriers to effective peripheral intravenous catheter management, and current evidence-based recommendations to prevent this source of patient harm.
Perspectives of Pediatric Providers on Patients With Complex Chronic Conditions: A Mixed-Methods Sequential Explanatory Study
Authors: Kobussen Taylor A. , Hansen Gregory , Brockman Rebecca J. , Holt Tanya R.
Published: October 2020

Background

Children with complex chronic conditions present unique challenges to the pediatric intensive care unit, including prolonged length of stay, complex medical regimens, and complicated family dynamics.

Objectives

To examine perspectives of pediatric intensive care unit health care providers regarding pediatric patients with complex chronic conditions, and to explore potential opportunities to improve these patients’ care.

Methods

A prospective mixed-methods sequential explanatory study was conducted in a tertiary medical-surgical pediatric intensive care unit using surveys performed with REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture) followed by semistructured interviews.

Results

The survey response rate was 70.6% (77 of 109). Perspectives of health care providers did not vary with duration of work experience. Ten semistructured interviews were conducted. Eight overarching themes emerged from the interviews: (1) the desire for increased formal education specific to pediatric complex chronic care patients; (2) designation of a primary intensivist; (3) modifying delivery of care to include a discrete location for care provision; (4) establishing daily, short-term, and long-term goals; (5) monitoring and documenting care milestones; (6) strengthening patient and family communications with the health care team; (7) optimizing discharge coordination and planning; and (8) integrating families into care responsibilities.

Conclusions

Pediatric intensive care unit health care providers’ perspectives of pediatric patients with complex chronic conditions indicated opportunities to refine the care provided by establishing daily goals, coordinating discharge planning, and creating occasions for close communication between patients, families, and providers.
Caspase-4: A Therapeutic Target for Peptic Ulcer Disease
Authors: Zaslona Zbigniew , Flis Ewelina , Nulty Ciara , Kearney Jay , Fitzgerald Rebecca , Douglas Atiyekeogbebe R , McNamara Deirdre , Smith Sinead , O’Neill Luke A J , Creagh Emma M
Published: October 2020

Peptic ulcers are caused by the interaction between bacterial and host factors. This study demonstrates enhanced expression of caspase-4 in peptic ulcer patient biopsies, indicating that pyroptosis and noncanonical inflammasome activity may be processes involved in peptic ulcer disease. We show that primary murine macrophages infected with Helicobacter pylori upregulate caspase-11 (the ortholog of human caspase-4), activate caspase-1, and secrete IL-1β. We demonstrate that misoprostol (a stable PGE1 analogue) decreased IL-1β secretion and delayed lethality in vivo in a murine peritonitis model. PGE2 was shown to inhibit caspase-11–driven pyroptosis and IL-1β secretion in macrophages. Overall, we provide evidence for a pathological role of caspase-4/11 in peptic ulcer disease and propose that targeting caspase-4 or inhibiting pyroptosis may have therapeutic potential in the management of peptic ulcers.
TSAd Plays a Major Role in Myo9b-Mediated Suppression of Malignant Pleural Effusion by Regulating TH1/TH17 Cell Response
Authors: Yi Feng-Shuang , Zhang Xin , Zhai Kan , Huang Zhong-Yin , Wu Xiu-Zhi , Wu Min-Ting , Shi Xin-Yu , Pei Xue-Bin , Dong Shu-Feng , Wang Wen , Yang Yuan , Du Juan , Luo Zeng-Tao , Shi Huan-Zhong
Published: October 2020

Emerging evidence indicates that Myo9b is a cancer metastasis–related protein and functions in a variety of immune-related diseases. However, it is not clear whether and how Myo9b functions in malignant pleural effusion (MPE). In this study, our data showed that Myo9b expression levels correlated with lung cancer pleural metastasis, and nucleated cells in MPE from either patients or mice expressed a lower level of Myo9b than those in the corresponding blood. Myo9b deficiency in cancer cells suppressed MPE development via inhibition of migration. Myo9b deficiency in mice suppressed MPE development by decreasing TH1 cells and increasing TH17 cells. CD4+ naive T cells isolated from Myo9b−/− mouse spleens exhibited less TH1 cell differentiation and more TH17 cell differentiation in vitro. mRNA sequencing of nucleated cells showed that T cell–specific adaptor protein (TSAd) was downregulated in Myo9b−/− mouse MPE, and enrichment of the H3K27me3 mark in the TSAd promoter region was found in the Myo9b−/− group. Naive T cells purified from wild type mouse spleens transfected with TSAd-specific small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) also showed less TH1 cell differentiation and more TH17 cell differentiation than those from the siRNA control group. Furthermore, downregulation of TSAd in mice using cholesterol-conjugated TSAd-specific siRNA suppressed MPE development, decreased TH1 cells, and increased TH17 cells in MPE in vivo. Taken together, Myo9b deficiency suppresses MPE development not only by suppressing pleural cancer metastasis but also by regulating TH1/TH17 cell response via a TSAd-dependent pathway. This work suggests Myo9b and TSAd as novel candidates for future basic and clinical investigations of cancer.
Sclerosing Encapsulating Carcinomatous Peritonitis
Authors: Alshomimi Saeed , Hassan Ali , Faisal Zainab , Mohammed Afnan , Al Dandan Omran , Alsaif Hind S.
Published: October 2020

Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis (SEP) is a rare clinical condition characterized by the formation of a thick, fibrous membrane encasing the intestines, which may lead to intestinal obstruction. The pathogenesis is not completely understood, but various risk factors are well established. However, there are only few reported cases of SEP associated with peritoneal carcinomatosis. Herein, we report a case of a 69-year-old male patient who presented clinically with acute intestinal obstruction 2 years after undergoing a resection procedure for gastric cancer. An abdominal computed tomography revealed findings typical of SEP. Consequently, the patient underwent exploratory laparoscopy, which confirmed the diagnosis of SEP and established the etiology as peritoneal metastases. The patient was managed conservatively, and his symptoms showed some improvement. The patient was at an advanced stage of the disease, and thus remained on palliative care and passed away 1 month later. Although very rare, physicians should consider SEP in their differential diagnoses of intestinal obstruction in patients, particularly in those with a history of intra-abdominal malignancies.
Endoscopic Management of Post-Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy Leakage and Stenosis Using Fully Covered Stent
Authors: Aljahdli Emad S. , Aldabbagh Ammar , Salah Fatima , Alsahafi Majid , Maghrabi Ashraf A.
Published: October 2020

Background:

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is the most commonly performed surgery to treat morbid obesity. Post-LSG leak and stenosis are serious complications that can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality.

Objective:

The objective was to report the efficacy and safety profile of using specifically designed fully covered self-expandable metallic stent for the treatment of post-LSG complications.

Methods:

This retrospective study included adult patients who underwent placement of a fully covered esophagogastric, self-expandable metallic stent for post-LSG leak or stenosis. The procedure was carried out at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, between September 2017 and May 2019. Data regarding demographics, indication for stenting, size of the stent, procedural success and poststenting adverse events were collected.

Results:

A total of 14 patients met the inclusion criteria, with indication for endoscopic stenting being post-LSG leak in 11 patients and stenosis in 3 patients. The technical success rate of self-expandable metallic stent placement was 100%, and the clinical success was 85.7% (12 of 14 patients). Nausea (71.4%) and vomiting (85.7%) were the most frequent mild adverse events reported. Stent-induced esophageal stricture was the only major adverse event reported in two patients.

Conclusion:

Placement of specifically designed self-expandable metallic stent for the treatment of post-LSG leak and stenosis is an effective and safe approach. Further studies with larger cohorts are needed to assess the optimal duration needed to treat such complications.
Quantum function algebras from finite-dimensional Nichols algebras
Authors: Farinati Marco Andrés , García Gastón Andrés
Published: October 2020

We describe how to find quantum determinants and antipode formulas from braided vector spaces using the FRT-construction and finite-dimensional Nichols algebras. It improves the construction of quantum function algebras using quantum grassmanian algebras. Given a finite-dimensional Nichols algebra

\mathfrak B

, our method provides a Hopf algebra

H

such that

\mathfrak B

is a braided Hopf algebra in the category of

H

-comodules. It also serves as source to produce Hopf algebras generated by cosemisimple subcoalgebras, which are of interest for the generalized lifting method. We give several examples, among them quantum function algebras from Fomin–Kirillov algebras associated with the symmetric group on three letters.
Samuel Dickstein and his publication on Ignacy Domeyko’s master’s dissertation (thesis) at University in Vilna
Authors: Banionis Juozas
Published: October 2020

Samuel Dickstein founded the journal Wiadomości Matematyczne in Warszaw, of which he edited and published 47 volumes in the years 1897–1939. One of them (volume XXV, 1921) presented the scientific work (thesis) of the famous 19th century scholar and teacher – Ignacy Domeyko (1802–1889). It was written in 1822 to obtain a master’s degree in philosophy at University of Vilna (Wilno, now Vilnius). The original manuscript of I. Domeyko is has not been preserved. This report reveals the circumstances and content of the master’s dissertation written by I. Domeyko.
Tadeusz Konrad Przypkowski (1905–1977) – gnomonik z Jędrzejowa
Authors: Zaczkowski Rafał
Published: October 2020

Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia biografię naukową Tadeusza Konrada Przypkowskiego (1905–1977), wybitnego eksperta w dziedzinie gnomoniki – jest to pierwsze w literaturze tak obszerne opracowanie tego tematu. Był on z wykształcenia historykiem sztuki i nauki, doktoryzował się w 1929 roku na podstawie pracy o XVII-wiecznym rzeźbiarzu małopolskim Janie Pfisterze, a habilitował w 1965 roku na podstawie pracy Naukowe pojęcie deklinacji magnetycznej w Polsce. Od najmłodszych lat interesował się gnomoniką, rekonstruował i tworzył nowe zegary słoneczne, restaurował zabytkowe. Prowadził badania, publikując na ten temat artykuły w czasopismach naukowych i popularnonaukowych. Jego pasja, którą była gnomonika, sprawiła, że stał się wybitnym specjalistą znanym i cenionym w kraju i na świecie. Wielokrotnie pełnił rolę konsultanta i wykonawcy zegarów słonecznych. Brał udział w sympozjach i konferencjach naukowych, na których wygłaszał odczyty, entuzjastycznie przyjmowane przez uczestników. Do dnia dzisiejszego jego prace można oglądać i podziwiać w wielu miastach w Polsce i za granicą. Tadeusz Konrad Przypkowski (1905–1977) – a gnomonist from Jędrzejów (Poland) This article presents the scientific biography of Tadeusz Konrad Przypkowski (1905–1977), an outstanding expert in the field of gnomonics. This is the first such comprehensive study of this subject in literature. T.K. Przypkowski was a historian of art and science, and obtained his doctorate in 1929 based on the work of Jan Pfister, a 17th century sculptor, and he received a tenure in 1965 based on the work Scientific concept of magnetic declination in Poland. From an early age, he was interested in gnomonics, and would reconstruct and create new sundials, as well as restore antique ones. He conducted research, published articles in scientific and popular scientific journals. His passion for gnomonics made him an outstanding specialist known and appreciated at home and in the world. He was a consultant and a sundial maker many times. He participated in symposia and scientific conferences at which he delivered papers enthusiastically received by participants. To this day his works can be sees and admired in many cities in Poland and abroad.
W obliczu zagrożenia. Próba powołania w 1950 r. interdyscyplinarnego Instytutu Badań nad Człowiekiem Polskiej Akademii Umiejętności
Authors: Skrzyński Tomasz
Published: October 2020

Większość ze zgłoszonych w latach 1945–1950 oddolnych propozycji reform Polskiej Akademii Umiejętności (PAU) miała na celu dostosowanie Akademii do pogłębiającej się specjalizacji w świecie nauki. Omawiana w artykule, nieznana dotąd, inicjatywa filozofa Romana Ingardena miała charakter odmienny. Projektowany przez niego Instytut miał być ośrodkiem służącym stałej współpracy naukowej między uczonymi reprezentującymi nauki przyrodnicze i humanistyczne. Korzystając ze źródeł archiwalnych i publikacji, omówiono również okoliczności powstania tego pomysłu. Opisano także powody, dla których inicjatywa ta nie została wdrożona. Ingarden uważał, że badania prowadzone w ramach pracowni eksperymentalnych Instytutu powinny objąć podstawowe zagadnienia praktyczne, zarówno odnośnie do całych zbiorowości, jak i poszczególnych ludzi. Miały dotyczyć m.in. natury człowieka, jego roli na świecie, odrębności i pokrewieństwa w stosunku do innych istot żywych. Ingarden proponował także przetestowanie w ramach Instytutu nowych metod badań i wyszkolenie w ich stosowaniu licznych naukowców. W praktyce idea powołania Instytutu Nauk o Człowieku PAU była sprzeczna z ówczesną polityką władz państwowych. In the face of threat. The Attempt to appoint in 1950. interdisciplinary Institute of Human Research of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences Most of the proposals for reforms at the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences, submitted in 1945–1950, concerned the adaptation of the Academy to further specialization in the world of science. Discussed in the article, the previously unknown, initiative of the eminent philosopher Roman Ingarden was of a different nature. The institute, he was designing, was to be the center of permanent scientific cooperation between scientists from natural and humanities sciences. Using the archive sources and publications, the circumstances of this idea creation were also discussed. The reasons why this initiative was not implemented were also described. Ingarden believed that research conducted as part of the Institute’s experimental labs should cover basic practical issues both for entire communities and individual people. They were to concern, i.a. the nature of man, his role in the world; separateness and kinship to other living beings. The philosopher also proposed testing new research methods at the Institute and training numerous scientists in their application. In practice, the idea of establishing the Institute of Human Sciences of the Polish Academy of Arts and Sciences was contrary to the policy of the state authorities at that time.
Spotkania Andrzeja Pelczara (1937–2010) z historią i filozofią nauki
Authors: Kokowski Michał
Published: October 2020

Artykuł przedstawia postać Andrzeja Pelczara (1937–2010): jego rodowód genealogiczny, szkicową biografię naukową, listę pełnionych funkcji publicznych oraz dorobek z historii i filozofii nauki na tle dokonań krakowskiego środowiska matematycznego, a także uaktualnia informacje na temat stanu liczbowego krakowskiego środowiska matematycznego i matematycznej szkoły warszawskiej. Andrzej Pelczar’s (1937–2010) meetings with the history and philosophy of science The article presents the character of Andrzej Pelczar (1937–2010): his genealogical pedigree, sketchy scientific biography, list of performed public functions, achievements in the history and philosophy of science against the achievements of the Kraków mathematical environment, and also it updates the information on the numerical state of the Kraków mathematical environment and Warsaw mathematical school.