bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Comprehensive Survey of the Key Determinants of Electric Vehicle Adoption: Insights and Implications for Smart Cities
Authors: Rahman Md. Mokhlesur , Thill Jean-Claude
Published: October 2024

This comprehensive state-of-the-art literature review investigates the status of electric vehicle (EV) market share and the key factors that affect EV adoption. Investigating the current scenarios of EV, this study observes a rapid increase in the number of EVs and charging stations in different parts of the world. It reports that people’s socio-economic features (e.g., age, gender, income, education, vehicle ownership, home ownership, political affiliation) significantly influence EV adoption. Moreover, factors such as high driving range, fuel economy, safety technology, financial incentives, availability of free charging stations, and the capacity of EVs to contribute to decarbonization emerge as key motivators for EV purchases. The literature also indicates that EVs are predominantly used for short-distance travel and users commonly charge their vehicles at home. Most users prefer fast chargers and maintain a high state of charge (SoC) to avoid unforeseen situations. Despite the emergent trend, there is a disparity in charging infrastructure supply compared to the growing demand. Thus, there is a pressing need for more public charging stations to meet the surging charging demand. The integration of smart charging stations equipped with advanced technologies to optimize charging patterns based on energy demand, grid capacity, and people’s demand can help policymakers to leverage smart city movement. This paper makes valuable contributions to the literature by presenting a conceptual framework articulating the factors of EV adoption, outlying their role in achieving smart cities, and proposing suggestions for future research directions.
Seizures Triggered by Systemic Administration of 4-Aminopyridine Lead to Acute Brain Glucose Hypometabolism in Rats, as Assessed by PET Molecular Imaging
Authors: Gómez-Oliver Francisca , Fernández de la Rosa Rubén , Brackhan Mirjam , Bascuñana Pablo , Pozo Miguel Angel , García-García Luis
Published: October 2024

4-aminopyridine (4-AP) is a non-selective blocker of voltage-dependent K+ channels used to im-prove walking in multiple sclerosis patients, and it may be useful in the treatment of cerebellar diseases. In animal models, 4-AP is used as a convulsant agent. Intrahippocampal 4-AP induces acute local glucose hypermetabolism and significant brain damage, while i.p. administration causes less neuronal damage. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a single i.p. admin-istration of 4-AP on acute brain glucose metabolism and to assess the short-term effects on neu-ronal viability and signs of neuroinflammation. We evaluated 4-AP-induced acute changes in brain glucose metabolism by [18F]FDG PET neuroimaging evaluated by standard volumes of interest (VOIs) and voxel-based (SPM) analyses. We show that 4-AP induces acute generalized brain glucose hypometabolism, except in the cerebellum, area that was significantly more resilient to this effect. Accordingly, to the appropriate neurohistochemical assays, 4-AP induced hippocampal astrocyte reactivity 3 days after the insult, without changes in signs of neuronal integrity or micro-glia-mediated neuroinflammation. Thus, acute brain glucose metabolic and short-term neuroin-flammatory profiles in response to 4-AP i.p. clearly differ from that reported for intracerebral administration. Our results also suggest cerebellar metabolism as a potential marker of the effects of 4-AP.
Assessment of Salivary and Serum Levels of hBD2 in Patients with Chronic Angioedema
Authors: Štrajtenberger Maja , Lugović-Mihić Liborija , Stipić-Marković Asja , Artuković Marinko , Glavina Ana , Pravica Nika Barbara , Hanžek Milena , Sušić Tamara , Kuna Andrea Tešija , Bungić Lara Nađ
Published: October 2024

Background: Human β-defensin 2 (HBD2) is a protein important in immune system activation, produced by epithelial cells, mainly as a result of contact with microorganisms or the action of various pro-inflammatory cytokines. According to previous research, it has proven to be important in chronic urticaria, leading us to research on the HBD2 in isolated chronic angioedema. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 102 participants (three groups): 33 patients with isolated chronic non-hereditary angioedema (AE); 33 patients with angioedema associated with chronic urticaria (CU+AE); and 35 healthy controls (CTRL). They provided saliva and serum samples to determine HBD2 levels using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay-ELISA. Results: Salivary HBD2 levels were significantly higher in those with CU+AE than in the CTRL (p=0.019). While salivary HBD2 values differed between those with angioedema and CTRL, the serum HBD2 values did not. Also, no correlation between the levels of HBD2 in saliva and serum was found. Conclusions: Since we found that salivary HBD2 values were significantly higher in those with CU+AE than in CTRL, this points to a possible role of the HBD2 molecule in pathogenesis of AE. Therefore, more research is needed to determine how reliabile salivary HBD2 measurement is and its significance.
Endocrine Mucin-Producing Sweat Gland Carcinoma (EMPSGC) in a Dog: Immunohistochemical Characterization and Diagnostic Approach
Authors: Tangchang Warisraporn , Jung Gi Young , Song Jun Yeop , Kumbukgahadeniya Poornima , Kwon Hyo Jung , Son Hwa-Young
Published: October 2024

A seven-year-old spayed female dog presented with multiple, small spindle-shaped masses on the abdominal skin. The excised tissue was submitted for histopathological evaluation. Routine his-tology revealed basaloid nodules with stippled chromatin and pleomorphic nuclei. Mor-pho-logically, the tumor resembled a solid papillary carcinoma of the breast or an endocrine mucin-producing sweat gland carcinoma (EMPSGC). EMPSGC is a rare neuroendo-crine-differentiated neoplasm. This study aimed to compare different immunohistochemical markers for distinguishing between canine sweat gland carcinoma (SGC) and mammary gland carcinoma (MGC). CK19 and Sox9 were useful in identifying SGC. Additionally, the tumor was positive for CK5, AE1/AE3+CK8/18, p63, vimentin, E-cadherin, and synaptophysin, while estrogen receptor staining was negative. The final diagnosis of canine EMPSGC was based on the tumor’s morphological and neuroendocrine immunohistopathological features. Our report provides the first detailed description of a canine EMPSGC, an exceedingly rare tumor in dogs.
Vitamin D Levels on Glycemic Control, Lipid Profile, and Apolipoprotein in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Pimenta Luis Felipe , Federighi Baisi Chagas Eduardo , Haber Jesselina Francisco dos Santos , Menegucci Thais , Quesada Karina , Zutin Pedro , Zutin Tereza Lais Menegucci , Cressoni Araújo Adriano , Detregiachi Cláudia Rucco Penteado , Lopes Elizandra , Laurindo Lucas Fornari , Barbalho Sandra M. , Guiguer Elen Landgraf
Published: October 2024

Background/Objectives: Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is the reduction or non-production of insulin. As T1DM increases cardiovascular risk, in addition to glycemic control, the monitoring of other risk factors, such as lipid profile, has gained attention. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with the pathophysiology of T1DM, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular diseases. This study investigated the relationship between vitamin D, glycemic control, and lipid profiles in children and adolescents with T1DM. Methods: This observational study consisted of 81 patients with T1DM. Laboratory test data were collected to determine the lipid profile. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting glucose levels assessed glycemic control. Results: A significant association was observed between serum vitamin D levels and a pubertal stage and a moderate negative correlation between vitamin D, age, and HbA1c. There is a negative correlation between vitamin D levels and age, as well as with HbA1c, and a positive correlation of HbA1c with glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, Low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c), non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL cholesterol), apolipoprotein B (apoB), and the apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A ratio. Finally, the study indicated that vitamin D levels, insulin administration method, and total cholesterol, when considered together, explained approximately 43.6% of the observed variation in HbA1c, highlighting the complex interdependence of these factors in regulating glycemia. Conclusions: Our results show that Vitamin D levels are associated with glycemic control and other biochemical parameters and its control can bring benefits to the patient with T1DM.
Assessing the Role of Coastal Ecosystems in Flood Reduction in Selected Communities of Rivers State
Authors: Onwubiko Chinomnso Chinazum , Aheto Dennis Worlanyo
Published: October 2024

Coastal ecosystems are crucial in mitigating the impact of coastal hazards on society. However, the paucity of information about the purpose of these ecosystems in reducing floods in Rivers State, Nigeria. This study aims to assess the contribution of mangrove ecosystems in protecting coastal communities from flooding using the InVEST coastal vulnerability model (version 3.10.2). The model analyzes various data inputs and assigns relative numbers, ranging from 1 to 5, indicating different levels of exposure. Data on population, bathymetry, shoreline type, land use land cover, and continental shelf were obtained from relevant websites and the InVEST model package. The findings indicate that the mangrove ecosystems in River State offer minimal protection against coastal flooding due to their degraded state caused by oil spills and over-exploitation. Additionally, sandy beaches provide little to no protection, and the socio-economic conditions in the communities contribute to increased vulnerability to flooding. The study recommends awareness programs to educate the public about the importance of mangroves for coastal protection in addition to their conservation and restoration.
Trauma-based Sexually Dimorphic Changes in the Connectome and its Association with Central Sensitisation Syndromes - A Systematic Review
Authors: Quodling Nicole , Groves Shad , Hoffman Norman , Carrick Frederick Robert , Jemni Monem
Published: October 2024

Background/Objectives: Chronic pain syndromes pose a significant global health challenge to patients and physicians with a complex relationship of biological and psychosocial factors that are only partly understood. Emerging research suggests an association between prenatal and childhood adversity and the development of somatic syndromes, particularly in females. This study aims to explore the relationship between sexual dimorphic epigenetic changes in the connectome and prenatal and early life adversity (ELA). Methods: A review of existing literature was conducted, examining studies utilising MRI to identify critical periods of environmental influence on neural phenotypes. Results: The findings indicate a significant association between prenatal and childhood adversity and the emergence of central sensitisation syndromes, particularly among females. Notably, alterations in grey matter volume and neural connectivity patterns were observed, suggesting that early adverse experiences can influence pain signalling mechanisms. Conclusions: Understanding the role of sex differences in brain circuitry is crucial for developing personalised pain management strategies. This study highlights the importance of considering both biological and psychosocial factors in addressing chronic pain, as interventions based predominantly on male subjects may be less effective for females. Further research is warranted to explore these differences and refine therapeutic approaches.
Quantitative Evaluation of Reinforced Concrete Slab Bridges Using a Novel Bridge Health Index and LSTM-Based Deterioration Models
Authors: Jeon Chi-Ho , Kwon Tae Ho , Kim Jaehwan , Jung Kyu-San , Park Ki-Tae
Published: October 2024

The Bridge Health Index (BHI) serves as an essential tool for assessing the structural and functional condition of bridges, calculated based on the condition of structural components and the serviceability of the bridge. Its primary purpose is to identify the most deteriorated structures in an asset inventory and prioritize those in most urgent need of repair. However, a frequently cited issue is the lack of accurate and objective data, with the determination of BHI often heavily reliant on expert opinions and engineering judgment. Furthermore, the BHI systems used in most countries are dependent on the current state of bridge components, making it challenging to use as a proactive indicator for factors such as the rate of bridge aging. To address this issue, this study introduces a novel BHI as a quantitative evaluation metric for reinforced concrete slab bridges and details the process of deriving the BHI based on deterioration models. The deterioration models are derived by preprocessing the deterioration data of reinforced concrete (RC) slab bridges, wherein the relationship between time and deterioration is directly employed for training a long short-term memory model. The BHI was validated through a case study involving six RC-slab bridges, wherein accuracies of >93% were achieved, confirming that the proposed quantitative evaluation methodology can significantly contribute to maintenance decisions for bridges.
Evolutionary Converging Functions (ECF) as a Novel Object Detection Method for Satellite Images
Authors: Alam Furqan , Mohanty Sanat , Almaghthawi Ahmed , Alnazzawi Tahani Saleh Mohammed
Published: October 2024

Low learning rates in Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for image segmentation tasks can lead to convergence issues, unstable models, large oscillations, risk of divergence, sensitivity to the initial weights, and biases of the model. All these challenges make CNNs computationally expensive and require considerable training data. In contrast, achieving a high learning rate has been a significant challenge for CNNs. In response to the abovementioned challenge, this work aims to increase the learning rate of the image segmentation process. Images of any object in the universe taken from any camera can broadly be divided into spectral and geometric properties. Both these properties are prominently visible in satellite images. Therefore, if a method can classify satellite images, it can be applied to classify any image using the same technique. In this paper, Evolutionary Convergent Functions (ECF) are proposed. They convert features' spectral and geometric properties in a satellite image into mathematical equations using a decision tree and then converge with a neural network. Different high-resolution data have been chosen to extract additional features from it. This transformation process, anchored in decision tree methodology, converges with neural networks to yield unparalleled results, all while eliminating the need for computationally intensive convolutions. The proposed method extends beyond conventional boundaries by using varied high-resolution datasets. Each dataset is carefully selected with distinctive features. This research explores the untapped potential of ECF to advance the field of automated image classification, aiming to broaden the scope of current methodologies. The synergy between spectral and geometric properties emerges as a powerful combination, endowing our methods with the ability to extract nuanced and context-rich information for image analysis. The results show a high accuracy, i.e., above 90%, in almost all objects of different shapes and spectral signatures. Additionally, in terms of prediction time, ECF is faster than U-Net, a state-of-the-art method that is evidence of ECF efficiency and speed.
Causal Relationship Between Osteoporosis, Bone Mineral Density, and Osteonecrosis: A Bidirectional Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Authors: Zhang Chao , Yu Hao , Miao Yulin , Biaofang Wei
Published: October 2024

Background
Osteonecrosis (ON) is a debilitating orthopedic condition characterized by bone cell death due to impaired blood supply, leading to structural changes and disability. Osteoporosis (OP), a systemic skeletal disease, results in reduced bone density and quality, making bones fragile and prone to fractures. Although distinct, OP and ON share several risk factors such as corticosteroid use and smoking. This study aims to investigate the causal relationships between OP, bone mineral density (BMD), and ON using a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach.
Methods
This study utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for OP from the FinnGen database, and BMD data for the lumbar spine and femoral neck from the Genetic Factors for Osteoporosis (GEFOS) consortium. ON data were also obtained from the FinnGen database. All participants were of European descent. Genetic instruments were selected based on genome-wide significance, linkage disequilibrium, and strength (F-statistic). Bidirectional MR analysis was performed using inverse-variance weighted (IVW), MR-Egger regression, and weighted median methods to assess causality. Sensitivity analyses, including Cochran's Q test and MR-PRESSO, were conducted to evaluate heterogeneity and pleiotropy.
Results
MR analysis demonstrated a positive causal effect of OP on ON using the IVW method, with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.223 (95% CI: 1.026–1.459, P = 0.025). The weighted median method also confirmed this result with an OR (95% CI) 1.290 (1.021–1.630), P = 0.033. No significant causal effects were found between BMD (lumbar spine and femoral neck) and ON. Furthermore, ON did not exhibit a causal effect on OP or BMD. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the results, showing no evidence of heterogeneity or pleiotropy.
Conclusion
This study provides evidence of a unidirectional causal relationship between OP and ON, suggesting that individuals with a genetic predisposition to OP have an increased risk of developing ON. These findings highlight the importance of early OP detection and management to potentially reduce ON incidence. The lack of a significant causal relationship between BMD and ON indicates that factors other than bone density, such as vascular health, may play a crucial role in ON development. Future research should explore these mechanisms further to inform clinical interventions.
Contrasting vector competence of three main East African Anopheles malaria vector mosquitoes for Plasmodium falciparum
Authors: Kweyamba Prisca A. , Hofer Lorenz M. , Kibondo Ummi A. , Mwanga Rehema Y. , Sayi Rajabu M. , Matwewe Fatuma , Lwetoijera Dickson W. , Tambwe Mgeni M. , Moore Sarah J.
Published: October 2024

There are three Anopheles mosquito species in East Africa that are responsible for the majority of malaria transmission, posing a significant public health concern. Understanding the vector competence of different mosquito species is crucial for targeted and cost-effective malaria control strategies. This study investigated the vector competence of laboratory reared strains of East African An. gambiae sensu stricto, An. funestus s.s., and An. arabiensis mosquitoes towards local isolates of Plasmodium falciparum infection. Mosquito feeding assays using gametocytaemic blood from local donors revealed significant differences in both prevalence and intensity of oocyst and sporozoite infections among the three vectors. An. funestus mosquitoes presented the highest sporozoite prevalence 23.5% (95% confidence interval (CI): 17.5–29.6) and intensity of infection 6-58138 sporozoites. Relative to An. funestus, the odds ratio for sporozoites prevalence were 0.46 (95% CI: 0.25–0.85) in An. gambiae and 0.19 (95% CI: 0.07–0.51) in An. arabiensis, while the incidence rate ratio for sporozoite intensity was 0.31 (95% CI: 0.14–0.69) in An. gambiae and 0.66 (95% CI: 0.16–2.60) in An. arabiensis. Our findings indicate that all three malaria species contribute to malaria transmission in East Africa with An. funestus demonstrating superior vector competence. In conclusion, there is a need for comprehensive malaria control strategies targeting major malaria vector species, an update of malaria transmission models to consider vectoral competence and evaluation of malaria transmission blocking interventions in assays that include An. funestus mosquitoes.
Comparison of methylene blue removal efficiency of activated carbon and carbon nanosheets derived from olive stone from aquatic environment
Authors: Hariri Negar , farahmandkia zohre , Danafar Hossein , fazli Mehran Mohammadian
Published: October 2024

In recent years, the increase in population growth and the rapid development of industries have given way to a rise in the usage of natural resources and waste production. Solid waste management (SWM) is an essential component of an environmental management system. SWM approaches are being adapted to make them more practical and effective by environmental regulations and to promote sustainability through the application of the “reduce”, “reuse”, and “recycle” (3R) principles. Therefore, the present study focuses on the reuse of waste as an adsorbent agent with a low cost for removing methylene blue. To achieve such feat, olive stones were milled, pyrolyzed, and sonicated to synthesize activated carbon and carbon nanosheets. Additionally, the study investigated the impact of five parameters (dose of adsorbent, pH, primary pollutant concentration, and temperature) on the adsorption process. FESEM and TEM analyses were carried out in order to make clear what the characteristics of the adsorbent were. The isotherm assessments show that the data is quite fitting for the Langmuir model for adsorption by activated carbon and carbon nanosheets. Additionally, the adsorbent obtained through kinetic modeling indicate that the experimental data is well-matched by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model for activated carbon and carbon nanosheets. Synthesized activated carbon and carbon nanosheets from olive stones are low-cost adsorbents with good adsorption properties. They reduce solid waste generation and are efficient adsorbents when it comes to removing methylene blue that is present in aquatic environments.
Investigating the Status of the Second Victims of Error and Related Factors in Nurses: A Description Study
Authors: Shahbazzadeh Fardin , Habibi Aghil , Narimani Sajjad , Ajri-Khameslou Mehdi
Published: October 2024

Background
Errors not only affect patients as the primary victim but also have a negative impact on nurses as the secondary victim; therefore, understanding the reasons for the second victim's error, as well as the elements that contribute to this phenomenon, is critical for managing the mistake. The main purpose of this research was to determine the status of second victims of error and related factors in nurses.
Methods
This is an analytical-descriptive study conducted in Iran. five teaching hospitals affiliated with Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. The study's statistical population comprised all nurses working in the teaching hospitals of Ardabil city. A random sampling method was used. The data collection tool included a demographic characteristics questionnaire, a questionnaire on previous nursing error experience characteristics, and the Second Victim Experience and Support Tool. The collected data was analyzed in SPSS-16 software.
Results
The results obtained from this research showed that the average score of second victims of error among nurses participating in the study was 85.89 (10/17). Based on the results obtained, there was a significant relationship between the number of second victims of error phenomena with age (p < 0.01 and r = -0.179) and work experience (p < 0.01 and r = -0.156), the number of cases of errors in 12 previous months, having an error that resulted in injury in the last 12 months, the history of going to court, the way nursing errors were reported, and the way managers dealt with nurses' errors (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
The nurses under study had an average level of the phenomenon of second victims of error, and a set of individual and organizational factors were influential in the development of this phenomenon. Based on this, it was evident that there is a need to utilize the findings of this study to decrease the occurrence of second victims of errors.
Effects of hyper-awareness meditation training on psychological symptom clusters of stroke patients
Authors: Han Lingyu , An Zhaoquan , Shi Hongmei , He Yanling , Li Ruiling
Published: October 2024

This study investigated the effects of hyper-awareness meditation training on psychological symptom clusters in stroke patients. A controlled clinical trial was conducted in which stroke patients were recruited and randomly assigned to a hyper-awareness meditation group and a control group. The psychological symptoms assessed included anxiety, depression, cognition and quality of life levels. Patients in the hyper-awareness meditation group received training sessions focused on this meditation technique, while the control group received standard care with no additional meditation training. A total of 200 patients participated in the study, 100 in each group. Psychological assessments were conducted at baseline, immediately after the end of the intervention, and after 10 days. The results showed that patients in the transcendental awareness meditation group showed significant improvements in psychological symptoms compared to the control group. Anxiety and depression scores decreased significantly and overall psychological well-being improved significantly; thus, hyper-awareness meditation training was found to significantly improve psychological symptoms and reduce stress responses in stroke patients. These findings suggest that incorporating hyper-awareness meditation into a rehabilitation programs for stroke patients may provide significant benefits for mental health and stress management. Further research is recommended to explore the long-term effects of these benefits and their underlying mechanisms.
Coffee consumption and skeletal muscle mass: A Cross-Sectional Study in NHANES 2011-2018
Authors: Zhang Li , Cao Dongdong , Mao Xuemei , Su Jinhong , Lang Huan , Xiao Zifan , Liao Xiaolin , Wang Shuying , Deng Aiqiong
Published: October 2024

Background
The impact of diet on people's health is indisputable. While animal and cell experiments may suggest a link between coffee intake and increased skeletal muscle mass, translating these findings to humans requires careful investigation. The aim of this research is to evaluate the correlation between adult American skeletal muscle mass and caffeine consumption.
Methods
This study was conducted among persons 20 years of age and above between 2011 and 2018, using information from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We investigated the connection between skeletal muscle mass and caffeine intake using three multiple linear regression models. Afterwards, To look into variations in the correlation between caffeine consumption and skeletal muscle mass across several demographic attributes, such as gender, age, race, and body mass index (BMI) categories, subgroup analyses were conducted.
Result
A total of 8,125 participants met the inclusion criteria. All three multiple linear regression models indicated a positive correlation between caffeine intake and skeletal muscle mass. Age-stratified analysis showed significant positive correlations for participants aged 30 to 39 and 40 to 49 years old. BMI-stratified analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between caffeine intake and muscle mass among normal and overweight individuals
Conclusions
Our study results indicate a positive correlation between caffeine intake and muscle mass. Individuals aged 30–49 years and those with a normal or overweight BMI may potentially benefit more. Future cohort studies are necessary to confirm these conclusions and to explore the underlying mechanisms.
Competitive Endogenous RNA Network Associated with Pyroptosis in the Acute Phase of Post Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Yulian Zhang , Hanhan Dang , Chuanpeng Zhang , Kun He , Pengyu Chen , Yunsheng Zhang , Zai Wang , Shuangzao Tang , Li Zhang , Yanbing Yu
Published: October 2024

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a prevalent neurosurgical condition that can lead to significant disability and mortality. This study investigates the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and pyroptosis in neuroinflammation during the acute phase post-TBI. We analyzed 58 pyroptosis-related genes through mRNA-seq in the injured brain of 33 mice subjected to controlled cortical impact (CCI), organized into 11 groups with different time points (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12, 24, 72, 148 hours), including a sham control. Notably, due to the significance of 12-hour time point in the acute inflammatory response, it was selected for whole RNA-seq to profile lncRNA expression, which revealed 540 differentially expressed mRNAs (419 upregulated, 121 downregulated) and 95 lncRNAs (42 upregulated, 53 downregulated). Four key pyroptosis genes (Casp4, Il1a, Il1b, and Il6) were significantly overexpressed. Utilizing the R package “multiMiR” and various databases (“miRDB”, “Starbase” and “LncBase v3.0”), we identified miRNA-mRNA and lncRNA-miRNA interactions, culminating in a pyroptosis-associated competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network comprising 4 lncRNAs, 16 miRNAs, and 4 mRNAs. The 4 lncRNAs and 4 mRNAs showed concordance between the targeted gene expression verified by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and the whole RNA-seq results. Our findings indicate that Casp4-mediated non-canonical pyroptosis may play a critical role during the acute phase following TBI, offering insights into potential therapeutic targets and mechanisms for TBI management.
The association between serum alpha klotho and circadian syndrome: data from NHANES 2007–2016
Authors: Fan Cheng , Huang Shiyuan , Xiang Chunhua , Song Yi
Published: October 2024

Background Circadian syndrome (CircS) is characterized by disrupted circadian rhythm. α-klotho, an anti-aging protein, has garnered particular attention recently. The study aimed to assess the associations of serum alpha klotho and CircS.
Methods Data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2016 were analyzed. CircS further encompasses sleep disorders and depression, in addition to the components of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Multivariate logistic regression, subgroup analysis and restricted cubic spline plot were used to analyze the associations.
Results We found a negative relationship between circulating α-klotho and the risk of CircS. Using multivariate logistic regression models, we assessed the association between α-klotho and CircS while adjusting for potential confounders. Compared to the first quartile of klotho, the second quartile group showed 16% decrease in CirS risk (OR=0.84, 95%CI = 0.74-0.96, P = 0.012), and the third quartile group exhibited 21% decrease in CirS risk (OR=0.79, 95%CI = 0.69-0.91, p<0.001) after adjusting all demographic and lifestyle variables. Subgroup analyses revealed significant interactions between α-klotho and alcohol consumption (p=0.008). Additionally, we observed inverse association between α-klotho and odds ratio of CirS in a restricted cubic spline plot.
Conclusion In this large cross-sectional study, our results suggest that higher serum α-klotho levels are significantly associated with a reduced likelihood of circadian syndrome in U.S. adults. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings and elucidate the underlying mechanisms..
Assessing the Rapid Urbanization in Tertiary City of Bangladesh by Land Use and Land Cover Change Detection from 2000 to 2024 through NDVI Based Classification and future forecasting for 2032 by Cellular Automata (CA) model in Meherpur District
Authors: Hossain Md. Ibrahim , Rahman Md. Mostafizur
Published: October 2024

Understanding Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) changes is vital for environmental sustainability, particularly in areas undergoing rapid urban and agricultural transformations. In Meherpur District, Bangladesh, limited research has integrated LULC mapping with predictive models, resulting in a gap in knowledge regarding future land use patterns in this fast-changing region. This study addresses that gap by analyzing LULC changes from 2000 to 2024 using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and the Cellular Automata (CA) model for predictive analysis. The study reveals significant LULC changes over the 24-year period, including an 18% decrease in vegetation cover, a 6% reduction in agricultural land, and a 4% increase in built-up areas. These trends align with global patterns of urban expansion, often at the expense of agricultural and natural land. Additionally, increases in fallow land (7%) and water bodies (8%) indicate changing land use driven by population growth and infrastructure development. The loss of vegetation, in particular, poses risks to biodiversity, climate regulation, and food security. An innovative aspect of this research is the use of the CA model with the MOLUSCE plugin in QGIS, enabling simulations of future LULC changes up to 2032. This predictive approach offers insights into the impacts of ongoing urbanization, unlike previous studies in Bangladesh that mainly focused on historical LULC changes. The study suggests several future research directions, including investigating the socio-economic drivers of LULC changes, expanding the geographic scope to neighboring regions, and incorporating advanced remote sensing and machine learning techniques to enhance the accuracy of predictions. In conclusion, this research fills a critical gap in LULC studies in Meherpur by combining historical analysis with predictive modeling, offering valuable insights for policymakers to guide sustainable land use planning amidst ongoing urbanization and agricultural development.
Determining Factors of Echocardiographic Changes in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: a Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Costa Elton Arruda , Silva Gabriel Nunes da , Junior Miguel Luciano Rodrigues da Silva , Lima Matheus Oliveira Assuncao , Silva Lyncoln Eduardo Alves , de Souza Odylon Kleber Pereira , Tozetto David José Oliveira
Published: October 2024

Introduction:
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects multiple organs. Its pathogenesis involves a dysregulated immune response, but the complete mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Chronic inflammation associated with Lupus increases the risk of premature atherosclerosis, leading to cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and stroke, which reinforces the importance of preventive strategies to mitigate these risks.
Objectives
This study aimed to identify echocardiographic changes in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, considering the duration of the disease, the use of medications and comorbidities .
Method
The cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2023 to June 2024, with 22 volunteer patients from the Pará Rheumatic Patients Group (GARPA). Participants completed questionnaires on socioeconomic data and disease history, including time since diagnosis, comorbidities, and medication use. Subsequently, they underwent echocardiographic examinations performed by a single examiner. Statistical analysis was conducted using Fisher's exact test to associate clinical and socioeconomic variables with the observed cardiac changes, with significance set at p ≤ 0.05.
Result
Of the 22 patients studied, 90.9% were women, with a mean age of 40.82 ± 10.79 years. The majority (63.6%) were married, and 54.5% had completed high school. Regarding access to health care, 63.6% used the SUS. The most frequent comorbidities included systemic arterial hypertension (10.7%) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (7.1%), while 35.7% had no comorbidities. The mean time since diagnosis of the disease was 7.0 ± 4.34 years. In terms of medications, the most commonly used were hydroxychloroquine (25%) and prednisone (16.6%). Echocardiograms revealed pulmonary hypertension, mild mitral and aortic insufficiency, in addition to structural alterations such as left ventricular hypertrophy and interatrial septal aneurysm.
Conclusion
The duration of the disease and autoimmune, cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and neurological comorbidities are the main determinants of echocardiographic changes in patients with SLE. On the other hand, the main lines of treatment (antimalarials, corticosteroids and immunosuppressants) were not related to the outcomes.
Knowledge, Attitude and Perception of Sickle Cell Disease, on Premarital Genotype Screening, Among Undergraduate of Al-Hikmah University Ilorin. Nigeria.
Authors: Imam-Fulani Abdulmumeen
Published: October 2024

Genetic compatibility needs to be carefully considered in an effort to lessen the frequency of sickle cell disease (SCD), especially in Nigeria and other African where the disease has a high burden with morbidity and mortality. It has been demonstrated that knowledge of premarital genotype screening PMS, educates individuals about SCD. The descriptive study was aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and perception of SCD on PMS on selected university student participants. The population for the study are undergraduates, the multi-stage sampling technique was used in sample selection of the 341 respondents, and data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire. Findings indicate 88.3% fell within age range of 18–25 years, 70.1% were female and single, representing 93.5% and a significant proportion. 76% have heard understand SCD and are generally familiar with the complications of SCD. Only 56% have good knowledge of PMS as the cheapest prevention, While 63% don’t know about premarital sickle cell counselling. Only 56% knew their Hemoglobin genotype, however 12% knew Hemoglobin genotype of their fiancés and 69% are of the opinion of terminate relationship if the genotype result is incompatible. 68% support mandatory PMS and the establishment of laws prohibiting marriage in cases of PMS incompatibility. The statistical analysis given that P-value is 0.000, which is < alpha level of 0.05, therefore null hypothesis rejected, It was concluded that knowledge of genetic composition and the potential threat of SCD was robust, mandatory PMS with better counselling strategies, laws to regulate genetic diseases and willingness in advocating PMS to intending couples was confirmed. Recommendations, carrier identification and genetic counselling enlightenment on SCD and PMS testing through mass media and screening centers should be made by the government and religious institutions
Effect of Structured Pre-dialysis Education on the Clinical Outcomes of Kidney Patients
Authors: AYDIN Zehra , OZCAN Seyda
Published: October 2024

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pre-dialysis education on clinical, laboratory, quality of life and self-care ability of patient started dialysis treatment.
Methods: In this observational study we recruited 202 patients. 108 of them were patients who received systematic pre-dialysis education-(education group), 94 patients who were started on dialysis without education (non-education group). Quality of life, self-care, ability, psychological/depressive status, biochemical parameters were evaluated and compared between groups.
Results: The education group had a significantly higher selfcare score (98.3 ± 8.5) (82.4 ± 21.5, p<0.001). The depressive symptoms were lower in the education group (2,8%, 0.9%, and 0.9%; respectively) compared with the non-education group (31.9%,20.2%,2.8%; respectively, p<0.001). Quality of life scale results were significantly higher in the education group than those in the non-education group (p<0.001 for each). Phosphate, parathormone, BUN and residual renal function level was significantly lower (p<0.01) and hemoglobin was significantly higher (p<0.01) in the education group compared to those in the non-education group.
Conclusion: Our study shows that systematic education practices in the pre-dialysis period appear to a associated with improved quality of life, increased self-care ability, increased psychosocial well-being and positive effects on clinical outcomes in dialysis patients.
Evaluating the impact of an educational self-care intervention on the empowerment of primigravida pregnant women covered by family medicine program in the Estahban City—an application of the Pender's health promotion model
Authors: Rezaei Zahra , Asadollahi Abdolrahim , Yazdanpanahi Zahra , Ghahramani Leila
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Pregnancy and childbirth are stages in a woman's life that are associated with many different changes. These changes make normal pregnancy stressful and, if not adequately attended to, can have various irreparable effects on the fetus and the mother. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effect of an educational self-care intervention on the empowerment of primigravida pregnant women in the GP program in the city of Estahban. Materials and Methods: The present study was a randomized controlled trial. The sample included 80 pregnant primigravida women with a gestational age of 14–28 weeks. The samples were randomly selected and divided into an intervention group (n = 40) and a control group (n = 40). Six sessions were held for the intervention group; however, the control group received no training. A posttest was conducted 1 month after the educational intervention for both the intervention and control groups. The data were analyzed via 3 questionnaires (demographic data, Kameda Empowerment of Pregnant Women and Self-Assessed Self-Care Empowerment in Pregnancy (SSAP)) and SPSS version 27 as well as chi-square tests, independent t-tests and paired t-tests. Results: One month after the intervention, a significant difference was observed in all the constructs of the Pender health promotion model and empowerment subscales compared to with those of the control group (p < 0.001). In the in-group comparison in the intervention group, although no significant differences were observed in the interpersonal influence structure and future image, social support or joy in addition to the family subscales, the mean scores increased. Conclusion: Self-care interventions based on Pender's health promotion model can increase the ability of pregnant primigravida women to address common problems during pregnancy and thus improve pregnancy outcomes. To achieve significant changes in the interpersonal influence structure and future image, social support and the joy of an addition to the family subscales, more educational sessions, together with their trusted supporters, including their husbands, are emphasized. Trial Id: 73547 IRCT Id: IRCT20131014015015N23
HA198 Mutations in H9N2 Avian Influenza: Molecular Dynamics Insights into Receptor Binding
Authors: Zhu Rui , Wu Jie , Chen Ruiying , Zhou Mo , Cao Shinuo , Wu Zhi , Wang Ligang , Zhang Lei , Zhu Shanyuan
Published: October 2024

The H9N2 avian influenza virus is widely disseminated in poultry and poses a zoonotic threat, despite vaccination efforts. Mutations at residue 198 of hemagglutinin (HA) are critical for antigenic variation and receptor-binding specificity, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study explores the molecular mechanisms by which mutations at the HA 198 site affect the antigenicity, receptor specificity, and binding affinity of the H9N2 virus. Using the sequence of the A/Chicken/Jiangsu/WJ57/2012 strain, we constructed recombinant H9N2 viruses, including rWJ57, rWJ57/HA198A, and rWJ57/HA198T, using reverse genetics. These variants were analyzed through hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assays, solid-phase receptor binding assays, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Additionally, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to further dissect the atomic-level interactions between HA and sialic acids (SA). The results showed that HA198V and HA198T mutations enhanced viral binding to human α2,6-linked SA, while HA198A exhibited a preference for avian α2,3 SA. These mutations altered interactions with non-neutralizing antibodies but did not affect neutralizing antibodies, potentially contributing to immune evasion. MD simulations revealed that HA198V/T formed stable complexes with the α2,6 SA, mediated by specific residues and water bridges, whereas HA198A formed stable complexes with the α2,3 SA. Interestingly, residue 198 interacted with the α2,6 SA via water bridges but had minimal direct interaction with the α2,3 SA. This study provides new insights into the molecular basis of receptor specificity, binding affinity, and antigenic drift in H9N2 viruses, highlighting the critical role of HA 198 mutations in regulating host adaptation. These findings are of great significance for H9N2 virus surveillance, vaccine development, and zoonotic transmission risk assessment.
Prediction of Land Use Land Cover Change Using a Coupled CA-ANN modeling in Dhanusha district of Nepal
Authors: Mishra Om , Khatiwada Namrata , Joshi Dinesh , Gharti Sandesh , Khatri Binod
Published: October 2024

Land cover refers to the physical cover that is visible on the surface of the earth, whereas land use refers to how individuals use the land. Remote sensing (RS) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are proven tools for assessing the LULC change. We used Landsat 5, 8, and 9 satellite images and employed the Maximum Likelihood Supervised Classification algorithm to identify the LULC types and detect changes in the Dhanusha district of Nepal. The change prediction was done using the QGIS 2.18 version MOLUSCE plugin. The four criteria, namely elevation, slope, distance from the road, and built-up were used as spatial variable maps in the learning processes in CA-ANN to predict the LULC of 2033. We assessed five major LULC classes viz. Forest, Water, Cultivated land, Settlement, and barren land. We discovered that the Dhanusha district lost 173.4ha and 300.9ha of its forests, 1381.55ha and 1864.84ha of its cultivated land, and 303.21ha and 452.04ha of its water bodies over 20 years, from 2003 to 2013 and 2013 to 2023 respectively. Significant losses were absorbed by growing urbanized areas and barren land, which expanded by 1157.19ha and 700.95ha in 2003–2013 and by 1674.03ha and 943.8ha in 2013–2023 respectively. By 2033, forest cover is predicted to drop to 22.67%, water bodies to 0.6%, and barren land to 3.16%, with urbanized areas rising to 6.08%. Urban planners are recommended to incorporate nature nature-based solutions for adaptation and mitigation plans for cities that are supported by reliable funding and policy.
MVSM-CLP: Multi view synthesis method for Chinese landscape painting based on depth estimation
Authors: Peng Xianlin , Zhou Wanlin , Hu Qiyao , Li Tengfei , Zhang Dong , Cao Rui
Published: October 2024

This paper addresses the challenging task of novel view synthesis for traditional Chinese landscape paintings, which typically offer only a single perspective and lack clear depth information. To overcome the limitations of existing methods that rely on multi-view input and depth estimation, we propose a multi-view synthesis method for Chinese landscape paintings, termed MVSM-CLP. The proposed CLPDepth Module employs a high-low resolution fusion mechanism to enhance detail expression while preserving the original scene structure. We introduce an image restoration technique guided by landscape ink lines, termed LInpainting, to improve edge extraction and the accuracy of painting restoration. Additionally, our method tackles the issue of scarce 3D data in current view synthesis efforts by constructing multi-view data from a single ancient painting. Our approach effectively bridges the gap between 2D art and 3D visualization, creating vivid and realistic virtual environments while preserving the traditional style and essence of Chinese paintings. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our method in achieving high-quality multi-view synthesis, offering new possibilities for the digital preservation of cultural heritage.