bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Me preparo para prevenir la violencia y el acoso en estudiantes de medicina en México
Authors: Olivares Olivares Silvia Lizett , Gómez Zapata José Francisco , Flores Félix Cinthya Margarita , Castañeda Prado Andrés , Turrubiates Corolla Miriam Lizzeth , Esperón Hernández Ramón Ignacio , Valdez-García Jorge E.
Published: October 2021

El maltrato y acoso en estudiantes de medicina es un tema que requiere atención y prevención. Diversos estudios demuestran la necesidad de crear un ambiente de formación seguro dentro y fuera de las instituciones educativas a lo largo del programa, incluyendo escenarios clínicos y el servicio social. Una encuesta nacional distribuida en febrero de 2021 por la Asociación Mexicana de Médicos en Formación (AMMEF) y la Asociación Mexicana de Facultades y Escuelas de Medicina (AMFEM) llegó a 2,458 estudiantes de universidades públicas (74.4%) y privadas (25.6%). La última sección incluyó preguntas relacionadas con la violencia y el acoso. Como resultado el 40% de los participantes informó haber experimentado acoso sexual o violencia durante su formación médica. Se recomiendan cuatro acciones para empezar a prevenir y atender las condiciones de violencia y acoso: 1) orientar a la comunidad académica de los tipos de violencia, 2) contar con canales de denuncia confiables, 3) contar con mentoría a lo largo del programa, 4) contar con sociedades académicas. La intención de estas acciones es establecer protocolos y redes de soporte para que los alumnos cuenten con mecanismos para el autocuidado y denuncia de situaciones que pongan en peligro su salud física y emocional. Así mismo, las recomendaciones aquí planteadas buscan promover estándares que deben incorporarse en marcos de referencia de afiliación y acreditación como parte del Modelo Incremental de Calidad. No hay razón para esperar a cuidar lo más valioso de las escuelas de medicina: los estudiantes.
Production of Endoglucanases by Streptomyces thermocoprophilus CP1 using Rice Straw as a Substrate
Authors: Tingthong Suriya , Suwanakood Pitchayaporn , Rattanachaikunsopon Pongsak , Sangswan Jidapa
Published: October 2021

Rice straw is a major agricultural waste that can be used as an alternative substrate to expensive raw materials for endoglucanases (CMCase) production by microorganisms. This study aimed to search for a microorganism having the potential to produce endoglucanase from rice straw. From compost samples, 40 bacterial colonies were isolated on carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) agar. Among them, 16 isolates showed a hydrolysis zone on a CMC agar plate with hydrolysis (HC) values ranging from 1.15±0.02 to 4.40±0.52. Based on hydrolysis zone diameter and HC value, isolates CP1, CP2 and CP3 were further examined for their CMCase production in CMC broth. According to CMCase production and stability, isolate CP1 was selected for further study. The optimal pH and temperature for CMCase production of isolate CP1 were 5 and 45 °C, respectively. When using pre-treated rice straw as a substrate for semi-solid-state fermentation, the highest CMCase activity of 0.142 ± 0.008 U/mL was obtained in a medium containing pre-treated rice straw of 60 g/L. The sequence alignment analysis and phylogenetic analysis suggested that the isolate CP1 was likely to be Streptomyces thermocoprophilus. The microorganism obtained from this study may be not only industrially important but also beneficial to the environment.
Ethnobotanical Study of Underutilized Wild Edible Fruits and their Antibacterial Activity against Human Pathogens
Authors: Biswas Suresh Ch. , Dutta Pranab , Barua Purnima , Misra Tarun Kr. , Das Subrata
Published: October 2021

Nine underutilized wild edible fruits collected from four districts of Tripura, a North-Eastern state of India were studied for the antibacterial properties against five (5) human pathogens, Escherichia coli (Gram–Ve, ATCC-2522), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram–Ve, ATCC-27853), Salmonella typhi (Gram –Ve, ATCC-14028), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram +Ve, ATCC-25923) and Klebsiella pneumonia (Gram–Ve, ATCC-700603) by disk diffusion method. Besides, the folk medicinal values and their ethnobotanical importance are also reported. Out of the nine (9) wild edible fruits, C. macroptera and S. dulcis showed the least antibacterial effect against all the bacterial pathogens under the present study. On the other hand, G. gummi-gutta and A. lacucha showed considerable antibacterial effects against all of the bacterial pathogens with the highest zone of inhibition against E. coli, followed by P. aeruginosa. Selective inhibitory effect of some of the wild edible fruits was also observed against the targeted pathogens. This study paves the way for using the underutilized wild fruits of the North-Eastern region of India as a potential source of antipathogenic activity of human pathogens. Further, a detailed study may help in identifying the bioactive compound of industrial importance.
A Comparative Study of Ziehl-Neelsen Stain and Fluorescent Stain Microscopy in the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis
Authors: Masali Hajra Tasneem , Takpere Aparna , Shahapur Praveen
Published: October 2021

Tuberculosis remains a global disease, killing over 2 million people each year. India accounts for two-third of the global total i.e. 26%. A good, fast, and economical test to diagnose a disease is urgently needed so that effective treatment can begin as soon as possible. Various investigations can be done for TB diagnosis and these include clinical suspicion, Chest imaging, acid-fast bacilli staining, MTB culture, serological methods and Assays for amplification of nucleic acids. For developing countries like India due to the enormous number of patients and budget restrictions, the assessment of a quick and low-cost diagnostic procedure is critical. A present prospective study was undertaken to compare Ziehl-Neelsen stain with Fluorescent stain microscopy in detecting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in TB patient’s sputum samples. Among 274 sputum samples collected from suspected TB cases, 50 (18.2%) were positive by ZN and 116 (42.3%) were positive by fluorescent microscopy. The sensitivity, specificity, Positive predictive value (PPV) & Negative predictive value (NPV) of FM microscopy was 98%, 70%, 42%, and 99% respectively. FM microscopy was superior to ZN microscopy in detecting pulmonary tuberculosis cases as it could detect 24.1% more positive cases than ZN staining. Fluorescence staining provides better sensitivity and specificity and can detect accurately more paucibacillary cases hence is of diagnostic value and can help in the early treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Molecular Docking of Anti Helicobacter pylori Antibiotics and Proton Pump Inhibitor: A Single Center Survey
Authors: Uthansingh Kanishka , Kumari Ratna , Pati Girish Kumar , Behera Manas Kumar , Sahu Mahesh Chandra , Narayan Jimmy , Patnaik Swarup Kumar , Mallick Pradeep , Sahu Manoj Kumar
Published: October 2021

Helicobacter pylorus (H. pylori) is a deadly bacterium responsible for significant worldwide Gastric Cancer (GC) related mortality. The present study aimed to screen all the anti-microbial drugs used to eradicate H .pylori infection and to identify the most efficient drug by using computational methods through molecular docking analysis. The 3-D structure of protein chorismate synthase of H. pylori was downloaded from the Protein data bank (PDB) online browser. The x-ray crystallography structures of 13 common drugs used against H.pylori infection were also downloaded from the drug bank. We screened all 13 common drugs through molecular docking to know the most efficient binding interaction between the diverse ligand-protein complexes. The results were further compared with clinical survey data from the patients with diverse gastrointestinal H. pylori infected cases. Among the screened compounds, by in-silico approach we found that fluoroquinolone (FLRQ) and tetracycline (TET) manifested more significant interactions with chorismate synthase (CS) protein along with binding energies of -9.2 and -8.1 kcal/mole respectively. Further, the drugs were also corroborated with the survey data from patients with varied gastrointestinal disorders in our study. With this computational study, we could find FLRQ and TET may be the most efficient drug for H. pylori treatment, which can be tried in case of anti H. Pylori treatment failure due to resistance. Hence, effective inter-analysis between the experimental and computational approaches is crucial to build up a strong inhibitor.
Ebusus y los monumenta romanos de las murallas renacentistas de Ibiza
Authors:   Departament de Patrimoni Històric - Consell Insular de Eivissa, Ramon Torres Joan
Published: October 2021

In the last quarter of the 16th century, the final phase of the construction of the Renaissance walls of Ibiza took place. In its main entrance, known among other names as Puerta del Mar, as well as in its interior connection point with the Upper City (Dalt Vila), a total of five Roman monuments were placed, long attributed to a fortuitous discovery, in the course of the fortification works that, thanks to the good taste of their engineers, would have come to adorn the monumental access. At the same time, its connection with the Roman city of Ebusus was always taken for granted. But an exhaustive analysis of the bibliography and other historical documents demonstrates that such belief did not arise until more than two hundred and fifty years later, supplying with fantasy what was simply ignored. On the other hand, the verification that the portal of ses Taules obeyed a completely structured symbolic and ideological planning, together with the poverty of Roman sculptural findings in Ibiza, forces us to completely rethink this vision, in the sense that these Roman monuments may have no relationship with Ebusus.
«Haremos de Valencia una Atenas». Joaquín Sorolla y la Antigüedad griega
Authors:   Université de Franche-Comté, Fauvey Jordane
Published: October 2021

El artículo establece una relación entre la cultura griega de Joaquín Sorolla y la pintura de playa que hoy en día queda todavía asociada a su nombre. El pintor estudió el arte griego durante su formación llegando a entusiasmarse por él. En opinión de Fauvey, su inclinación influyó decisivamente en sus cuadros a partir de La vuelta de la pesca (1894). En la playa, Sorolla inventó un género basándose en su propia cultura de la Antigüedad griega para dar a conocer una filiación mediterránea entre Atenas y Valencia. La playa de Sorolla no sería naturalista sino mítica.
“Science Festival” may not mean what we think it means: an analysis of how researchers and practitioners use this term
Authors: Ramsey J. Ross , Boyette Todd
Published: October 2021

The modern science festival movement has grown significantly since the Edinburgh International Science Festival launched in 1989. Hundreds of science festivals now occur annually and vary widely. This article examines how the term “science festival” is used within research and practice. We find that most research articles fail to describe the science festivals they study. A subsequent analysis of festival websites and other publicly available information confirms the wide variability of science festival formats, which suggests the need for descriptive information about science festivals in scholarly work.
Satellite and aerial imagery geo-referencing using ground features
Authors: Aksenov A.L. , Kozlov O.I.
Published: October 2021

The method of geo-referencing satellite- and aerial imagery using reference points, linear and non-linear features, and segments of geodetic tracks as elements of a plan-altitude basis is discussed in this article. The method can be used for any mathematical model of satellite- and aerial imagery. The parametric description of the features, that can be used for the geo-referencing and various mathematical models of the above-mentioned imagery are presented. The mathematical formulation of the matter of satellite and aerial imagery geo-referencing using terrain objects and reference points is presented. A list of linear and non-linear features that can be included in a high-raised basis along with reference points is made. A generalized algorithm for geo-referencing satellite and aerial imagery using reference points and terrain features is given. The algorithm includes making a nonlinear system of equations for reference points and items, linearizing the system and solving by the sequential approximation technique according to the least squares method. An example of clarifying the satellite RPC-model and aerial imagery using reference points, linear and non-linear features is given. The advantages of the proposed method of using features created according to the measurements on satellite and aerial imagery compared with method, when the model of the feature is created according to the measurements on the ground are described.
Assessment of recommended and acceptable image quality indicators’ values, based on materials, obtained with various aerial surveying systems for mapping purposes
Authors: Anikeeva I.A.
Published: October 2021

The results of fine quality indicators assessment for images, obtained with various aerial surveying systems for mapping purposes are presented. The values of parameters that characterize technical conditions, technical parameters of airborne imaging and technologic settings for imagery postprocessing, natural conditions of aerial surveying are determined. The author presents a comparative analysis of fine quality indicators assessment both for photos, the quality of which was found to be satisfactory as production technical control results and those rejected due to some relevant indicators (haze, blurring, etc) and accepted unsuitable for creating cartographic products based on them. It is shown, that some quality indicators, such as spatial resolution, sharpness and the degree (standard deviation) of random noise, are advisable to be determined at performing factory calibration of aerial cameras and included in certificate as well as other calibration parameters as metrological characteristics of the obtained imagery. Acceptable values of fine quality indicators, obtained during joint analysis of previous theoretical researches results and experimental verification, based on images, obtained by various aerial surveying systems for mapping purposes were generalized and recommended during the research.
The well-posedness and long-time behavior of the nonlocal diffusion porous medium equations with nonlinear term
Authors: Zhang Chang , Meng Fengjuan , Liu Cuncai
Published: October 2021

In this paper, we mainly consider the well-posedness and long-time
behavior of solutions for the nonlocal diffusion porous medium equations
with nonlinear term. Firstly, we obtain the well-posedness of the
solutions in L1(Ω) for the equations. Secondly, we prove the existence
of a global attractor by proving there exists a compact absorbing set.
Finally, we apply index theory to consider the dimension of the
attractor and prove that there exists an infinite dimensional attractor
of the equations under proper conditions.
Multiple vocal fold lesions
Authors: Fernandez Secundino , Ferran Sol , Garaycochea Octavio
Published: October 2021

We report the case of a 48-year-old woman, a teacher, with recurrent
severe dysphonia and multiple and different lesions at the same time in
her vocal folds.
tDCS confers neuroprotection by regulating LAT1-isoleucine-CBFB-PTEN signaling after rat cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury
Authors: Yao Xujin , Ren Jinyang , Cui Yu , Chen Songfeng , Cheng Jing , Gao Jingchen , Huang Xiaohong , Sun Jiangdong , Xu Xiangyu , Kong Xiangyi , Hu Wenjie , Lin Tao , Che Fengyuan , Wan Qi
Published: October 2021

Background and Purpose: Isoleucine is a branched-chain amino acid
serving as an essential nutrient resource and metabolic. However， its
role in cerebral ischemic stroke remains unknown. Experimental Approach:
Middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) was used to mimic in vivo model
of stroke. Oxygen-glucose deprivation insult (OGD) was used to injure
cultured cortical neurons. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
was used to measure the level of isoleucine. A western blot assay and
immunofluorescent staining were used to measure the level of CBFB and
PTEN. TTC staining was used to measure the infarct size. Cell death and
viability were assessed by LDH and CCK8 assays. DCS was used to
stimulate cortical neurons. tDCS was used to stimulate the cortex. Key
Results: Extraneuronal isoleucine is decreased and intraneuronal
isoleucine is increased after rat cerebral I/R injury. Reducing
intraneuronal isoleucine via inhibition of its transporter, LAT1
promotes neuronal survival whereas supplementing isoleucine aggravates
neuronal damage. Isoleucine downregulates the expression of CBFB, and
that acts upstream of PTEN to mediate isoleucine-induced neuronal damage
after OGD insult. To identify the therapeutic approach that suppresses
the ischemia-induced increase of intraneuronal isoleucine, we tested the
effect of tDCS on isoleucine. Our data suggest that Cathodal tDCS can
reduce cerebral infarct size. And such neuroprotection is mediated
through reducing LAT1-dependent increase of intraneuronal isoleucine.
Conclusions and Implications: This study identifies LAT1- dependent
increase of intraneuronal isoleucine promotes neuronal death after rat
cerebral I/R injury. Our results indicate that tDCS protects against rat
cerebral I/R injury through regulating LAT1-isoleucine-CBFB-PTEN
signaling.
An Early Public Accountant's Association with West India Slavery
Authors: Lee Thomas A.
Published: October 2021

This study examines a Scottish public accountant's association with West India slavery during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. It provides a hitherto unresearched perspective on the association of accounting and accountants with slavery and contributes to an ongoing debate about Scotland's association with slavery.
Glucagon Clearance Is Preserved in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Grøndahl Magnus F.G. , Lund Asger B. , Bagger Jonatan I. , Petersen Tonny S. , Wewer Albrechtsen Nicolai J. , Holst Jens J. , Vilsbøll Tina , Christensen Mikkel B. , Knop Filip K.
Published: October 2021

Hyperglucagonemia is a common observation in both obesity and type 2 diabetes, and the etiology is primarily thought to be hypersecretion of glucagon. We investigated whether altered elimination kinetics of glucagon could contribute to hyperglucagonemia in type 2 diabetes and obesity. Individuals with type 2 diabetes and preserved kidney function (eight with and eight without obesity) and matched control individuals (eight with and eight without obesity) were recruited. Each participant underwent a 1-h glucagon infusion (4 ng/kg/min), achieving steady-state plasma glucagon concentrations, followed by a 1-h washout period. Plasma levels, metabolic clearance rate (MCR), half-life (T1/2), and volume of distribution of glucagon were evaluated, and a pharmacokinetic model was constructed. Glucagon MCR and volume of distribution were significantly higher in the type 2 diabetes group compared with the control group, while no significant differences between the groups were found in glucagon T1/2. Individuals with obesity had neither a significantly decreased MCR, T1/2, nor volume of distribution of glucagon. In our pharmacokinetic model, glucagon MCR associated positivelywith fasting plasma glucose and negatively with body weight. In conclusion, our results suggest that impaired glucagon clearance is not a fundamental part of the hyperglucagonemia observed in obesity and type 2 diabetes.
Longitudinal Plasma Lipidome and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes in a Large Sample of American Indians With Normal Fasting Glucose: The Strong Heart Family Study
Authors: Miao Guanhong , Zhang Ying , Huo Zhiguang , Zeng Wenjie , Zhu Jianhui , Umans Jason G. , Wohlgemuth Gert , Pedrosa Diego , DeFelice Brian , Cole Shelley A. , Fretts Amanda M. , Lee Elisa T. , Howard Barbara V. , Fiehn Oliver , Zhao Jinying
Published: October 2021

OBJECTIVE

Comprehensive assessment of alterations in lipid species preceding type 2 diabetes (T2D) is largely unknown. We aimed to identify plasma molecular lipids associated with risk of T2D in American Indians.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Using untargeted liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry, we repeatedly measured 3,907 fasting plasma samples from 1,958 participants who attended two examinations (∼5.5 years apart) and were followed up to 16 years in the Strong Heart Family Study. Mixed-effects logistic regression was used to identify lipids associated with risk of T2D, adjusting for traditional risk factors. Repeated measurement analysis was performed to examine the association between change in lipidome and change in continuous measures of T2D, adjusting for baseline lipids. Multiple testing was controlled by false discovery rate at 0.05.

RESULTS

Higher baseline level of 33 lipid species, including triacylglycerols, diacylglycerols, phosphoethanolamines, and phosphocholines, was significantly associated with increased risk of T2D (odds ratio [OR] per SD increase in log2-transformed baseline lipids 1.50–2.85) at 5-year follow-up. Of these, 21 lipids were also associated with risk of T2D at 16-year follow-up. Aberrant lipid profiles were also observed in prediabetes (OR per SD increase in log2-transformed baseline lipids 1.30–2.19 for risk lipids and 0.70–0.78 for protective lipids). Longitudinal changes in 568 lipids were significantly associated with changes in continuous measures of T2D. Multivariate analysis identified distinct lipidomic signatures differentiating high- from low-risk groups.

CONCLUSIONS

Lipid dysregulation occurs many years preceding T2D, and novel molecular lipids (both baseline level and longitudinal change over time) are significantly associated with risk of T2D beyond traditional risk factors. Our findings shed light on the mechanisms linking dyslipidemia to T2D and may yield novel therapeutic targets for early intervention tailored to American Indians.
Glucagon Clearance is Preserved in Type 2 Diabetes
Authors: Grøndahl Magnus F.G. , Lund Asger , Bagger Jonatan I. , Petersen Tonny S. , Albrechtsen Nicolai J. Wewer , Holst Jens J. , Vilsbøll Tina , Christensen Mikkel B. , Knop Filip K.
Published: October 2021

Hyperglucagonemia is a common observation in both obesity and type 2
diabetes, and the etiology is primarily thought to be hypersecretion of
glucagon. We investigated whether altered elimination kinetics of glucagon
could contribute to the hyperglucagonemia in type 2 diabetes and obesity. Individuals with type 2 diabetes and
preserved kidney function (8 with and 8 without obesity) and matched control individuals
(8 with and 8 without obesity) were recruited. Each participant underwent a 1-hour
glucagon infusion (4 ng/kg/min), achieving steady-state plasma glucagon concentrations,
followed by a 1-hour wash-out period. Plasma levels, the metabolic clearance
rate (MCR), half-life (T½) and volume of distribution of glucagon were evaluated and a
pharmacokinetic model was constructed. Glucagon
MCR and volume of distribution were significantly higher in the type 2 diabetes
group compared to the control group, while no significant differences between
the groups were found in glucagon T½. Individuals with obesity had neither a significantly
decreased MCR, T½, nor volume of distribution of glucagon. In our pharmacokinetic model,
glucagon MCR associated positively with fasting plasma glucose and negatively
with body weight. In conclusion, our results suggest that impaired glucagon
clearance is not a fundamental part of the hyperglucagonemia observed in obesity
and type 2 diabetes.
Anodik Oksidasyonun AA7050-T7451 Alaşımının Yorulma Performansına Etkisi
Authors: AKYILDIZ Ufuk , POYRAZOĞLU Oğuz , DEMİREL Mehmet Yasin
Published: October 2021

Alüminyum alaşımlarının, olumsuz çalışma koşullarında daha iyi korozyon direnci sergileyebilmesi için uygulanan anotlama işlemi, malzemenin mekanik özelliklerini etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada, AA7050-T7451 alaşımının yorulma dayanımına anotlama işleminin etkileri deneysel olarak araştırılmıştır. 2-5 μm arasında değişen kaplama kalınlığına sahip kromik asitle anotlanmış (CAA) ve anodize olmayan (ASM) numuneler 90 Hz’lik bir frekansta ve R -1 gerilim genliğinde bir dizi eksenel yorulma testine tabi tutulmuştur. Test verileri ve Weibull denklemi yardımıyla oluşturulan S-N yorulma grafikleri anodik işlemin alaşımın yorulma performansını önemli ölçüde etkilendiğini göstermiştir. ASM ve CAA numuneler karşılaştırıldığında, anodik filmin düşük çevrimlerde yorulma mukavemetini etkilemediği ancak 103 – 107 çevrim döngüleri arasında AA7050-T7451 alaşımının yorulma performansını giderek azalttığı gözlemlenmiştir.
3D reconstruction of structured light based on infrared MEMS
Authors: Huang Huiming , Liu Guihua , Duan Kangrong , Yuan Jianyin
Published: October 2021

The traditional 3D reconstruction process of structured light is based on a DLP visible light grating projection method; the DLP method has many flaws, including great bulk, and harmful to human eyes caused by visible light and so on. In this article, we propose a method based on infrared micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) instead of DLP to generate programmable coded structured light. First, MEMS emits a laser beam by using a point-beam laser. Then, the laser beam is modulated by the optical system and transformed into a laser line, which is reflected by MEMS and projected onto the object to be measured. The grating pattern can be a square wave or a sinusoidal wave for different needs. Due to the speckle characteristics of the infrared laser, the phase error obtained by the traditional four-step phase-shifting method is very large. Therefore, an eight-step phase-shifting method based on the Gaussian filter is proposed to improve the decoding accuracy of the grating. An improved calibration method based on phase space is used to calibrate the monocular system. Finally, the 3D data of the object are obtained according to this method, and the 3D reconstruction accuracy is better than 0.1 mm.
Un modelo de negocios especial: la franquicia social
Authors: León Medina Máximo Eduardo , González Pérez Cándido
Published: October 2021

El propósito de las siguientes líneas es reseñar el libro Migrantes exitosos: la franquicia social como modelo de negocios, editado por la Universidad de Guadalajara, donde se compilan seis excelentes trabajos elaborados con alta rigurosidad. La compilación de la obra está a cargo de Patricia Arias. Sus principales características son su fortaleza teórica y el haber sido escrita principalmente por mujeres. Además, las descripciones del trabajo de campo realizado en cada uno de los casos son claras y metodológicamente correctas. Con este libro se abre un nuevo abanico para el análisis de los modelos de negocios en el área de las ciencias sociales.
Statistics as a discipline: A brief look to the past, the present and the future
Authors: Ojeda Ramírez Mario Miguel , Behar Gutiérrez Roberto , Grima Cintas Pere
Published: October 2021

La estadística ha adquirido especial importancia en la era de la información y el conocimiento. Los profesionales y científicos, y también los ciudadanos, reconocen que ayuda a la recopilación, organización y análisis de datos, y que sus principios apoyan la interpretación y comunicación  de los resultados obtenidos. Se acepta que es una metodología para obtener conocimiento, y así mismo una tecnología, que respalda diagnósticos, intervenciones y la toma de decisiones      en contextos de incertidumbre. Este ensayo presenta una conceptualización amplia y justa de esta disciplina. También hace una caracterización de su misión y revisa brevemente su historia, tendencias y estado actual. Al final se presenta  una breve visión de las perspectivas para el futuro.
Development of Mobile Facilities of Neuro-like Cryptographic Encryption and Decryption of Data in Real Time
Authors:   Lviv Polytechnic National University, Tsmots Ivan , Rabyk Vasyl ,   Lviv National University of Ivan Franko, Lukashchuk Yurii ,   Lviv Polytechnic National University
Published: October 2021

The requirements are formed, the method is chosen and the main stages of development of mobile means of neuro-like cryptographic encryption and real-time data decryption are considered. It is shown that the development of mobile means of neuro-like cryptographic encryption and decryption of real-time data with high efficiency of equipment is reduced to minimize hardware costs while providing a variety of requirements, characteristics and limitations. The tabular-algorithmic method of calculating the scalar product has been improved. Namely, the ability to work with floating-point operands has been added and it is focused on hardware and software implementation. Developed on the basis of a universal processor core, supplemented by specialized modules, mobile means of neuro-like cryptographic encryption and data decryption. Which due to the combination of universal and specialized approaches, software and hardware provides effective implementation of algorithms for cryptographic encryption and decryption of data in real time. It is proposed to use a multioperand approach, tables of macroparticle products and bases of elementary arithmetic operations to achieve high technical and economic indicators in the implementation of specialized modules of neuro-like cryptographic encryption and real-time data decryption. Specialized modules of neuro-like cryptographic encryption and data decryption have been implemented using the VHDL hardware programming language and the Quartus II development environment (version 13.1) on the FPGA. The evaluation of hardware and time parameters of the developed specialized module of neurosimilar cryptographic data decryption is carried out.
Easy-to-use TV guide for older people
Authors: Rantakangas Konsta , Halonen Raija
Published: October 2021

The increasing number of the older people is a global phenomenon, and this challenge is also seen in Finland. With the vast development of web-based services, the older people have faced a need to adapt new services as the traditional ‘at-desk’ services are getting rarer and less available. Due to their special needs compared to younger generations, the older people have more challenges to learn and use the modern services available to them. This situation has produced additional requirements to be noted when designing new solutions for the increasing amount of older user groups. The current paper presents an example of such a targeted solution with building a web-based solution for the older people to see what is shown on TV. The solution consists of a mobile application, and special attention was paid on the requirements related to the older people and their age-related restrictions. The output is a prototype, which was built by applying design science research. The age-related requirements for the solution were based on a literature review, and the prototype was planned to be used by the older people watching TV, having enough skills to use a mobile phone, and a television device that was controlled by a remote device.
Exploring the Postcolonial Concept through the Eye of European Expansionism and Imperialism
Authors: Hamad Waleed
Published: October 2021

The Postcolonial study has become very popular—it deals with colonial issues, cultural hegemony, imperialist subjects, and subservient topics. The postcolonial analysis mainly mostly involves Africa, America, Asia, and the Middle East. The imperial forces like England and France were the prominent actors in this venture. Thus, the postcolonial began after these imperial forces had left their former colonies. The formerly colonized countries were given political independence, and they began to govern themselves. However, the postcolonial study began to gain significant attention from Edward Said’s Orientalism (1978), in which he explains how Africa, the Middle East, and Asia were established on the western Imperialist structure. Edward Said explains exclusively that Orientalism vehemently accentuates the disparity between the west, their theories, social orders, literary pieces, the orient political history, tradition, norms, ideology, religion, and destiny. It dramatically reflects how the colonized adapted the cultural identity of their colonizers. The postcolonialism has been used to remember a set of conjectures and practices—and it also explains how colonialism has become a prominent and constant record. This article explores the postcolonial study, delineates the available resources that present the idea of postcolonialism, colonialism, and the effect of the Western imperialist system on the former colonies. The article also reflects Homi Bhabha’s cultural hybridity; he explains how mimicry plays a significant role in making the colonized adopt the culture of their colonizers.
Análisis comparativo de la formación de los docentes de idiomas en la educación superior ecuatoriana: la importancia de la Psicología
Authors: Narváez Carrión César Rafael , Pazmiño Calero Lucy Marina
Published: October 2021

La formación universitaria en el Ecuador ha sufrido varios cambios en diversos ámbitos que incluyen el desarrollo curricular. El análisis de necesidades en la formación de profesionales en Pedagogía de la Enseñanza de los Idiomas  Nacionales y Extranjeros ha incorporado diferentes componentes de carácter  metodológico, tecnológico y social. Actualmente, dichos profesionales trabajan hacia la incorporación del aspecto psicológico. Todo ello, en vista de su  importancia para la formación de los futuros profesionales, aunque no sea una  tendencia absoluta. Es importante ratificarlo al tiempo que se analiza la base de  las preferencias en materia metodológica y social de las diferentes prácticas de  la docencia. El presente estudio se desprende del análisis efectuado para el  diseño de la carrera de pedagogía de los idiomas nacionales y extranjeros en la  Universidad Estatal de Bolívar. Como metodología se propone un análisis  comparativo de las mallas curriculares de la universidad pública y privada para  evaluar el grado de inclusión del componente psicológico y concluir con un  análisis cuantitativo de la percepción de los docentes en cuanto al aporte de los  profesionales en enseñanza del idioma inglés. En este aspecto se abordan  específicamente los campos psicopedagógicos y de neurociencias. El estudio se respalda por una etapa de investigación bibliográfica con base en las consideraciones de las mallas curriculares. Los resultados muestran diferencias significativas del estudio de la psicología y sus afines entre la universidad pública y la privada, así como una apreciación de falta de relevancia de los aportes de los profesionales de idiomas en este campo.
Two new species of Caligonellidae (Acari: Raphignathoidea) from Crimea
Authors: Khaustov Alexander
Published: October 2021

Female and larva of Caligonella quinqueocellata n. sp. and female, larva and protonymph of Molothrognathus tauricus n. sp. (Caligonellidae) are described from moss on the sandy soil from northern part of Crimea.
Sensitivity analysis of design parameters of envelope enclosure performance in the dry-hot and dry-cold areas
Authors: Ni Pingan , Wang Wanjiang , Zheng Hanjie , Ji Wensi
Published: October 2021

In a bid to quantify the sensitivity of envelope enclosure’s design parameters in the dry-hot and dry-cold areas and to provide a reference for the local building performance design, this paper uses ANN modelling which combined with the improved Garson algorithm to calculate the connection weight sensitivity (CWS), the first-order sensitivity (RBD-S1 and DMIM-S1) and the global sensitivity (DMIM-delta) of the design parameters. These parameters were calculated by using different methods in SALib. Through the verification and analysis of the sensitive result, the applicability of the CWS and DMIM-delta was confirmed. Among the design parameters involved in this study, the sum of the sensitive values of S-D, S-N and S-A exceeds 60% in each performance label, and the sum of the sensitive values of WWR_S and WWR_N exceeds 20%. The performance design of envelope enclosure in this area requires applying reasonable shading components and appropriate optimisation of the North and South of WWR. After the sensitivity analysis process, the calculation efficiency of the model can be improved as far as possible without reducing the accuracy of the model in the later simplified calculation and multi-objective optimisation. The building performance simulation model has a high degree of non-linearity, and the interpretability of the model can be enhanced through the sensitivity analysis process. Although the internal calculation process is unknowable, the perception of the results caused by the input parameters is significantly enhanced.
Comparison of movement velocity and force-velocity parameters using a free video analysis software and a linear position transducer during unilateral and bilateral ballistic leg press
Authors: Martinopoulou Klimentini , Tsoukos Athanasios , Donti Olyvia , Katsikas Christos , Terzis Gerasimos , Bogdanis Gregory C.
Published: October 2021

Study aim: This study compared movement velocity and force-velocity profile parameters measured by a free video analysis software program, with the use of a high-speed video recording, and a validated linear position transducer (LPT).

Material and methods: Ten team-sports athletes performed double-leg and single-leg ballistic lower limb extensions on a leg press machine against a wide range of resistive loads. Each repetition was recorded by the LPT a high-speed camera (300 fps), and later analysed with a free video analysis software program.

Results: Mean and peak movement velocity presented high reliability (ICC: 0.990 and 0.988, p < 0.001) and agreement between the two measuring systems (systematic bias: –0.06 ± 0.04 and –0.01 ± 0.03 m/s, respectively). Force-velocity profile parameters were also similar: maximum velocity at zero load (Vo: 1.79 ± 0.15 vs. 1.78 ± 0.12 m/s, p = 0.64), slope (b: –1585 ± 503 vs. –1562 ± 438 N · s/m, p = 0.43), maximum force at zero velocity (Fo: 2835 ± 937 vs. 2749 ± 694 N, p = 0.41) and maximum power (1274 ± 451 vs 1214 ± 285 W, p = 0.38). Both measuring systems could similarly detect the individual force or velocity deficit (p=0.91).

Conclusion: In conclusion, a free video analysis software combined with a high-speed camera was shown to be a reliable, accurate, low bias and cost-effective method in velocity-based testing.
The impact of the covid-19 crisis on higher education
Authors: Luchian Ivan
Published: October 2021

The current pandemic crisis is unique in its kind, becoming a global cataclysm with a multilateral impact and an extended spread over time. Affecting all aspects of human activity, this crisis has inevitably affected the higher education system, and its consequences are manifesting both locally and internationally. The purpose of this paper was to establish the influence of crisis on the economic situation of higher education institutions. After studying of different institutions reports, analytical presentations of authors from different countries, as well as the author's communication with colleagues from different educational institutions during online academic meetings, it became possible to compile a complex picture of economic consequences of the COVID-19 crisis on higher education system. The research results showed an extremely uneven spread of the economic effects of the pandemic crisis. Thus, the least COVID-19 crisis has affected universities in industrially developed countries and the disastrous impact will manifested in developing countries. In addition, a dependence of evolution of economic situation of educational institutions of a complex of important factors was detected. It is about of change in living standard of the population, the capacity of the local authorities to manage the consequences of the pandemic, the changes in higher education policies, presiding students to do higher education, managerial ability to manage the economic and financial status of higher education institutions and others. Likewise, certain ways of solving economic problems have been outlined.
Politics and Eschatology in Iran
Authors: Cossiga Anna Maria , Figus Alessandro
Published: October 2021

The article studies the Iranian political society, starting from the analysis of the Iranian Constitution, the only one in the world characterized by “eschatological” components. The authors retrace the history of the birth of the Islamic Republic of Iran, which is fundamental to ensure an interpretation of the politics of that country that takes into account religious and cultural factors and clarifies possible future developments. Furthermore, they address the problem relative to the symbolic system on which the configuration of the Iranian Republic theoretically rests, which must necessarily come to terms with pragmatic reality. In fact, to have a following in his revolutionary project, Khomeini used the “symbolic spring”, in which the politics of Iran in these years have demonstrated the necessity of realism with a parallel with the concept of agnosticism, which thus becomes natural, in opposition to theories that are often more subjective than objective. Finally, the authors go so far as to say that today is the time for a change, even if in a country like Iran, everything proceeds slowly. Young Iranians will have to obtain a role, reorganize and rekindle from below. The involvement of the young people themselves can increase hope in a process that promises to be complex and articulated, which sees the theocratic model as opposed to the model of Muslim politics in a purely eschatological context, which to most, especially in the West, appears anachronistic, but this is not always the case.
Calibration of NMR Receiver using Spectrometer Characteristics
Authors: Andris Peter , Dermek Tomáš , Frollo Ivan
Published: October 2021

This article describes the measurement of the relation between input and output signals using two techniques: with a signal generator and with the thermal noise of a known resistance. Each of the techniques has its advantages and disadvantages. Both methods are tested and the results are compared. The input signal of the receiver is known in volts, while the output signal is in ADC (analogue-to-digital converter) units. It is the main difference versus the gain. Knowledge of the relation enables recalculation of the output signal into the input of the receiver or vice versa. It is important in some experiments. The method with the harmonic signal requires a suitable NMR spectroscopic console, generator of the harmonic signal and an attenuator, the method with the noise requires only the NMR console. It indicates that both methods are simple and cheap. The measured data are processed on a standard PC using common programs.
Passivity and Activity in the Heideggerian Description of Moods
Authors: Telo Hélder
Published: October 2021

This article considers the simultaneously passive and active character of moods (Stimmungen) in Heidegger, focussing on two different periods of his thought: the end of the 1920s and the middle of the 1930s. Through the study of the language used by Heidegger, I show that the ideas of passivity and activity are expressed in three different levels of his description of moods: the more concrete level of one’s experience of a mood, the level of philosophical analysis insofar as it is based on moods and deals with moods, and the transcendental or constitutive level of experience. Moreover, I show that in each of these levels passivity and activity are constitutively intertwined and that Heidegger’s conception of moods both in the 1920s and the 1930s can only be understood if we take into consideration the three levels and the way each of them is characterized by both passivity and activity.
Otherness and Affectivity - in Dialogue with Being and Time
Authors: Pacheco Maria Adelaide
Published: October 2021

In Sein und Zeit, the Dasein, thrown in the world by Geworfenheit and relaunched by Entwurf (projection) into the future, experiences itself as a “Self”. This exercise of existence cannot escape the critique of solipsism. However, paragraph 29 — about the existentiale of Befindlichkeit — opens an access way to the Other, which later will be ceaselessly explored by Heidegger, after having found the Stimmungen of the Greek beginning in Holderlin’s poetry and the Grund Stimmungen of “the night of the gods” and of the forgetfulness of being of our time. Not until the fifties and the mystical experience of the fourfold (das Geviert) will Heidegger find the possibility of transmuting the experience of the Other from a πόλεμος into a being-in-harmony (stimmen). This unique path of affectivity, asserted in paragraph 29 of Sein und Zeit, will enable Heidegger to reach an essential way of working out the question of Otherness, that only right now we may be starting to understand.
Enriching Human-Robot Interaction with Mobile App in Interventions of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Authors: Zorcec Tatjana , Ilijoski Bojan , Simlesa Sanja , Ackovska Nevena , Rosandic Monika , Popcevic Klara , Robins Ben , Nitzan Noa , Cappel Dana , Blum Rachel
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of complex lifelong neurodevelopmental disorders, characterized by difficulties in social communication and stereotyped behaviours. Due to the increasing number of children with ASD, it is important to continue developing interventions as well as invent new ones. Human-robot interaction can contribute to better outcomes for these children. There are several robots such as Nao, Kaspar, ZENO, Probo, ZECA, etc. which are used in autism interventions. Many mobile and web applications are in constant growth, too. They target skills such as collaboration, social skills, language skills, social competence, and communication.

Aim: To explore the usability of the humanoid robot Kaspar and a complementary app in interventions of children with ASD.

Sample: 20 children with ASD, aged between 23 and 76 months old.

Method: As an added intervention for this group of children, we used the robot Kaspar and its complementary app. Kaspar is a child-sized humanoid robot that uses bodily expressions, facial expressions, gestures, and pre-recorded speech to interact with a human.

Results: This intervention achieved certain positive shifts in eight of the eleven measured developmental domains, such as communication functions and means, turn taking, imitation, language skills, play, attention and daily life skills. The three categories that had inconsiderable improvement are vocalization and speech, cause and effect and coping skills.

Conclusion: Based on the measurements before and after the use of Kaspar and its complementary app, there is improvement, primarily in the domains of language, imitation and communication skills and attention.