bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Hipertensão arterial autorreferida, uso de serviços de saúde e orientações para o cuidado na população brasileira: Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde, 2019
Authors: Malta Deborah Carvalho , Bernal Regina Tomie Ivata , Prates Elton Junio Sady , Vasconcelos Nádia Machado de , Gomes Crizian Saar , Stopa Sheila Rizzato , Sardinha Luciana Monteiro Vasconcelos , Pereira Cimar Azeredo
Published: April 2024

Resumo Objetivo: Descrever a prevalência de hipertensão arterial (HA), segundo características sociodemográficas, no Brasil, e analisar os indicadores relacionados ao acesso aos serviços de saúde e orientações para controle do agravo no país. Métodos: Estudo transversal descritivo utilizando a Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde (PNS) de 2019. Estimou-se a prevalência de HA com intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%), além das proporções dos indicadores da HA. Resultados: Foram 88.531 os entrevistados, dos quais 23,9% autorreferiram HA, mais prevalente entre o sexo feminino (26,4%) e idosos (55,0%). Entre aqueles que autorrelataram HA, 57,8% referiram atenção médica nos últimos seis meses; a maioria recebeu orientações sobre autocuidado; 66,1% foram atendidos em serviço público de saúde; e 45,8%, em unidade básica de saúde (UBS). Conclusão: A prevalência de HA na população brasileira foi alta, com a maioria das pessoas que autorreferiram o agravo sendo atendidas em serviços do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), onde receberam orientações sobre promoção da saúde
PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF MULTIPLE-INPUT/MULTIPLE-OUTPUT (MIMO) ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY-DIVISION MULTIPLEXING (OFDM) SYSTEMS USING MIMO DISCRETE MULTIWAVELET TRANSFORM CODED OFDM
Authors: Reda Sadouki Bouamama , Fayssal Menezla , Mohammed Debbal
Published: April 2024

In the present work, we proposed to modify and improve multiple-input/multiple-output (MIMO) fast Fourier transform (FFT) coded orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (COFDM) by MIMO discrete multiwavelet transform (DMWT) COFDM to reduce the interference level and increase the spectral efficiency and complexity of the system. Combining space division multiplexing with multiwavelet and error correction coding and the diversity of the orthogonal frequency division coding to improve the performance of wireless systems requires mastery of all techniques. This DMWT-COFDM system is new and has many applications in telecommunication systems. In this paper, we present the MIMO-FFT-COFDM and MIMO-DMWT-COFDM system block diagrams. Compared with the MIMO-FFT-COFDM system, the bit error rate of the system can be reduced by more than 10 dB.
Ostrich Hunting as a Form of Sporting Pursuit in the Nineteenth-Century British Press
Authors: Rozmiarek Mateusz , Włodarczyk Arkadiusz
Published: April 2024

Since ancient times, animals have been used by man for a variety of purposes. Among these were birds, including flightless birds, led by the ostriches. This article attempts to show the importance of ostrich hunting in different cultures of the world in the nineteenth century, based on publications in the British press. The historical method was used to write the article and the source material for the research was press releases published in Britain. The analysis of the sources showed that English-speaking readers were familiar with the ostrich-hunting customs of various peoples living in South American and African areas. The press materials allowed readers to learn in detail about the course of the hunt or the techniques used to carry it out, which could also indirectly contribute to the inclusion of ostriches as attractions in circus staging programmes. On the other hand, the nomenclature used by the authors of the press articles clearly indicates that ostrich hunting was described as a sport that constituted both high-class entertainment and a profitable enterprise.
Revisiting intention in food service outlet of five-star hotels: A quantitative approach based on food service quality
Authors: Talukder Mohammad Badruddoza , Kumar Sanjeev
Published: April 2024

This research looked at how food service quality impacts guest satisfaction and revisited the intention of a hotel’s food service outlet. We have collected 260 responses from restaurant patrons of 17 five-star hotels, and the proposed correlations were carried out using PLS-SEM. A questionnaire was administered to the restaurant guest of five-star hotels, resulting in evidence confirming two of the three presented hypotheses and the five-dimensional nature of DINESERV. This study examines the DINESERV application in restaurants to advance knowledge of food service quality. The research provides empirical insights regarding food service quality and guest satisfaction, being simultaneously linked with a revisiting intention. The DINESERV analysis of this study broadens knowledge within and beyond hotel management research. The output of the study has enhanced understanding of learning and thinking of the best practice in the hotel industry’s food service quality. The study assesses food service quality and answers some fundamental questions concerning the importance of guest satisfaction, its practical implications, and understanding why guests are likely to return to a five-star hotel in Bangladesh. The hotel’s food and beverage manager can apply the study findings to create a valuable experience for their hotel guests so that they would like to return, and ensure revenue.
AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR MONITORING THE GAS CONTENT AND PARAMETERS OF TEMPORARY SEALING DEVICES ON MAIN GAS PIPELINES
Authors: Yakhina Eliza N. , Sharafutdinova Gulnara M.
Published: April 2024

Control of the gas transportation process is the main direction in the operation of gas pipelines. The main specificity of the operating conditions of control systems lies in their geographical location along the main gas pipelines. As a rule, the facilities in operation are at a considerable distance from the control points, so automation should be used to control several parameters in the gas pipelines. The control of gas contamination is a complex and responsible process, the aim of which is to detect and prevent possible gas leaks that could lead to negative consequences, including fires, explosions and pollution. Continuous air monitoring includes monitoring and analysis of air composition for harmful substances. This makes it possible to quickly determine the presence and concentration of hazardous substances in the air and to take measures to prevent and minimize their impact on workers, as well as to create healthy health and hygiene conditions for staff.The article is devoted to the safety control system, which is designed to provide an automated continuous control over the gas-air medium and parameters of temporary sealing devices during work on the linear part of the main gas pipeline. Its application makes it possible to increase the level of safe working conditions of employees during work on main gas pipelines by reducing the probability of occurrence of accidents and related losses.
COMPARISON OF THE HYDROCARBON COMPOSITION AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF GASOLINE FROM GAS STATIONS IN YEMEN AND QUALITY ASSESSMENT
Authors: Saleh Ahmed Taha Abdullah Galeb , Gilmutdinov Amir T. , Al-Qadasi Omar Khaled Abduljalil Ahmed , Khanov Aidar R.
Published: April 2024

This article shows the results of determining the quality characteristics of two gasoline samples collected from gas stations in Yemen. For gasoline samples, properties such as average molecular weight, relative density, carbon, hydrogen and oxygen content, as well as octane number were determined and compared. In addition, an analysis of the group hydrocarbon composition of motor gasoline samples was carried out using the gas chromatographic method.Gasoline 95 has a higher average molecular weight and relative density compared to 91 gasoline, indicating an increased presence of heavier components. This shows that 95 gasoline is of higher quality and allows you to increase the effective power of the internal combustion engine.
Horizontes de sentido del territorio campesino e implementación del acuerdo final de paz en el suroccidente colombiano
Authors: Castaño Orozco Cristian Sebastian
Published: April 2024

Objetivo. Explorar las formas como el campesinado configura unos horizontes de sentido sobre el territorio, los cuales interpelan al proyecto territorial pensado desde los entes gubernamentales en el marco de la implementación del Acuerdo Final de Paz de La Habana. Metodología. Se realizó un estudio de caso en dos municipios del suroccidente colombiano: Pradera (Valle del Cauca) y Argelia (Cauca), donde se combinan visitas breves a los territorios, entrevistas y revisión documental. Resultados. Se reconocen unas apuestas del territorio ligadas a unas dimensiones productivas, culturales, ambientales y organizativas que les permite a las organizaciones campesinas interpelar la lógica gubernamental de “integración” de los territorios periféricos al poder centralizado. Conclusiones. Los horizontes de sentido sobre los territorios, construidos desde el campesinado, les permite demandar el reconocimiento de prácticas propias que aporten de manera significativa a la construcción y ejecución de políticas destinadas a la transformación de los territorios rurales.
Cuerpos gestantes: aspectos biopolíticos en torno al embarazo en tres películas costarricenses
Authors: Retana Camilo
Published: April 2024

El objetivo de este artículo es realizar una lectura en clave biopolítica de tres filmes costarricenses centrados en el tema del embarazo: Gestación de Esteban Ramírez (2009), Aurora de Paz Fábrega (2021) y Medea de Alexandra Latishev (2017). A nivel metodológico, el texto no se agota en una puesta en relación de la literatura y el lenguaje biopolíticos con esas tres ficciones audiovisuales, sino que busca ver en estas un fondo contra el cual interpretar las operaciones biopolíticas que la cultura opera sobre los cuerpos gestantes. Como resultado de este esfuerzo interpretativo, el artículo enseña la manera en que en las tres películas el embarazo aparece inscrito dentro de escenarios biopolíticos, pero también el modo en que las tres ficciones se posicionan narrativamente en relación con dichos escenarios, ya sea comulgando con las normas que el biopoder pone en marcha para regular la sexualidad de las mujeres o bien desdiciendo dichas normas.
IX Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad Memoria académica
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Cevallos-Robalino Lenin E. , Cárdenas-Tapia Juan Alcides
Published: April 2024

Las discusiones transformadoras y los conocimientos innovadores hacen parte de páginas de estas Memorias del IX Congreso Internacional de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación para la Sociedad o CITIS 2023. Desde las preocupaciones apremiantes sobre la sostenibilidad ambiental hasta el panorama siempre cambiante de la información y las telecomunicaciones; desde los avances en la industria hasta el futuro de la movilidad, esta antología presenta una exploración completa de los frentes de la ciencia y la tecnología. Destacados académico, investigadores y profesionales se dieron cita en este encuentro celebrado en julio de 2023 en a Universidad Politécnica Salesiana en Guayaquil, Ecuador. Su análisis y distintas visiones son testimonio del esfuerzo colectivo hacia una sociedad más inclusiva, sostenible y tecnológicamente avanzada.
Implementación de un sistema de gestión de residuos sólidos en un centro de educación inicial y una unidad educativa en el sur de la Ciudad de Quito
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), García Tumipamba Diana Elizabeth , Cuarán Sarzosa Freddy Vicente ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Flores Proaño Andrea Mishell ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Simbaña Cabezas Érika Johanna ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: April 2024

En la actualidad la generación de residuos sólidos va creciendo notoriamente, lo que provoca que se hable de una “crisis de la basura” (Macías et al., 2018). Se busca intervenir en la gestión de los residuos sólidos desde que se generan hasta su disposición final, disminuyendo los impactos negativos que provoca la mala gestión de estos. En un sistema de gestión de residuos sólidos se considera ciertos puntos: generación de los residuos, separación y clasificación desde su origen, control en su operación y almacenamiento hasta su evacuación (Sánchez, 2017).
Análisis de la gestión de residuos de la industria textil en el Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), García Tumipamba Diana Elizabeth , Timbiano Feraud Thalía Elvira ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: April 2024

Las primeras industrias textiles principalmente utilizaban lana, hasta que en el siglo XX comenzaron con el algodón y en 1950 se fortaleció el empleo de fibras. En Ecuador, las industrias textiles usan todo tipo de fibras, algodón y sus derivados. Las industrias textiles aplican diferentes técnicas para preservar la calidad del producto a largo plazo (AITE, s. f.). En este país, la industria textil ha sido de los sectores laborales más rentables a nivel nacional. Se estima que alrededor de 50 000 y 200 000 personas trabajan en este sector (Proaño, 2011).
Efectos de la minería en América del Sur y un enfoque socioambiental para Ecuador
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Cordero Tibán Francisco Xavier , Ulloa Vaca Carlos Andrés ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: April 2024

La geología de América Latina favoreció la formación de una gran variedad de acopios minerales, por lo tanto, la explotación minera se volvió sumamente importante para el abastecimiento de materias primas, utilizándolas en la adecuación vial, infraestructura de viviendas e industria local. América Latina, en los inicios del siglo XXI, apostó por extraer los recursos naturales para poder seguir siendo el mayor proveedor de materias primas en la globalización (Gudynas, 2018).
Comportamiento de la mortalidad por exposición a material particulado en países de América del Sur en el periodo 2010-2019
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Carrión Curimilma Gabriela Fernanda , Ulloa Vaca Carlos Andrés ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: April 2024

La mortalidad por exposición a material particulado es un tema de creciente preocupación en el ámbito de la salud pública y ambiental. Las partículas suspendidas en el aire, provenientes de diversas fuentes de contaminación, representan un riesgo significativo para la salud humana. Numerosos estudios científicos han demostrado que la exposición prolongada a estas partículas está asociada con un aumento en la mortalidad prematura y el desarrollo de enfermedades respiratorias y cardiovasculares. Además, se ha observado que afecta de manera diferente a niños y adultos mayores.
Study of air activation in the first public proton therapy center planned in Spain at the Marques de Valdecilla University Hospital (HUMV) in Santander
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, España, Ratero Talavera Cristina , Cevallos-Robalino Lenin E. ,   Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, España, García-Herranz Nuria ,   Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, España, García-Fernández Gonzalo F. ,   Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, España
Published: April 2024

The main advantage of using proton beams in radiotherapy lies in the physical characteristic of protons, linked with the dose distribution pattern defined by the so-called Bragg plot. Considering these benefits, there has been a significant expansion of centers worldwide in recent years, with currently 108 proton therapy centers in operation, 33 under construction, and 38 in the planning stage(PTCOG, 2022).
Analyze Characteristic Curves of People Biomechanical Conditions with Knee Osteoarthritis using Inertial Sensors on Flat Surfaces
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Cóndor Eduardo , Condolo José ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Cabrera–Moreta Víctor H. ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: April 2024

In the past few years, there has been a rise in the utilization of inertial sensors for gait analysis. The most notable research in this field is summarized in Table 1. These studies demonstrate the effective implementation of inertial sensor systems for measuring knee osteoarthritis in patients, which has sparked even greater interest in utilizing such systems for clinical research. Patient–reported outcome measures (PROMs) and gait analysis are commonly employed methods for assessing functionality.
Design of Scada System for Zeolite Purified Water using Labview
Authors:   Instituto Superior Universitario Tecnológico Sucre, Ecuador, Simbaña Isaac , Ramírez Leonidas ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana, Ecuador, Buitrón Alexander ,   Instituto Superior Universitario Tecnológico Sucre, Ecuador, Saquinga David ,   Instituto Superior Universitario Tecnológico Sucre, Ecuador
Published: April 2024

Water is an essential resource for life, however, due to the constant worldwide population growth, this consumption also increases every time (García-Loor et al., 2020). Previously, civilizations used water from natural sources, such as rivers or lakes, but the pollution generated by globalization has caused the presence of physical, chemical, and microbiological agents in these sources. Water is used in agriculture, industry, and consumption by 70, 19, and 11 %, respectively (Bernabé-Crespo et al., 2021). An alternative to this problem was to provide drinking water, organizing storage and distribution systems for this resource. Guarantee the quality of water for human intake has become a challenge, because it is exposed to harmful substances and microorganisms that affect the health of people if they consume it directly (Simbaña et al., 2022). There are several scenarios related to this problem, such as the discontinuity of the service, and the conditions of the domestic distribution lines, among others.
Transgenic seeds in Ecuador: Technological innovation or destruction of agriculture in Ecuador? A bioethical perspective
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Lizano Acevedo Ronnie Xavier , Guamán Pozo Jessica Michelle ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: April 2024

Ecuador is one of the most megadiverse countries in the world, has almost 18 million inhabitants, 20 % of the population in Ecuador is focused on the agricultural sector and it is estimated that 54 % is carrying out agricultural activities (INEC, 2020). For decades, the green revolution has been putting forward the discourse of ending hunger in the world, giving rise to the genetic revolution, which aims, through transgenic crops, to continue the trend of blind productivism that does not see the social and environmental impact.
Proposal of an Insulated System for Recharging Electric Vehicles and Lighting
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Villarreal Berrones Jonathan , Cuji Cuji Cristian ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: April 2024

This document presents the results of a highly efficient standalone system implementation proposal with multipurpose applications along the road. It involves an isolated photovoltaic system that requires a comprehensive analysis of the energy resource in the study area using the Glover and McCulloch method. The lighting poles are deployed according to specific standards and parameters for each type of road, and it is verified using DiaLux software to ensure proper lighting parameters. A photovoltaic design is performed based on the irradiation data obtained from the energy resource analysis, followed by a load analysis and battery bank behavior.
Enhancing Autonomous Vehicle Safety: using Convolutional Neural Networks for Police Detection
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Dután Denys A. , Valladolid Juan D. ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Ortiz Juan P. ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Espinoza Fabricio ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: April 2024

According to the World Health Organization, Ecuador experiences a significant number of road accidents, resulting in numerous deaths, both among vehicle occupants and pedestrians. To address this issue and reduce fatalities, the country is actively working on implementing Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) on its streets. Unfortunately, this technology is far from perfect such is the case of Waymo in which it’s vehicle’s failed to respond to a law enforcement officer’s command to yield, highlighting the need for improvement in AV technology. To tackle this challenge, we have applied computer vision and artificial
Effect of Post-Heating on SMAW-Welded A-42 Grade Steel Rods
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Leiva-González Cristian , Muñoz-Paredes Jorge ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Celi-Jiménez Steven ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Quitiaquez-Sarzosa William ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: April 2024

Within the construction field, several methods are used for joining structural steel rods, one of them is welding, this study AWS D1.4 standard is use. The problems in welding A-42 rods are cracks in the area affected by heat, the structural rods have a low carbon content and the presence of elements such as Manganese, Silicon, Molybdenum, Chromium, Vanadium, Nickel, and Copper in their chemical composition. Low carbon steels have a percentage lower or equal to 0.41 % of Carbon Equivalent affecting the rod weldability since the carbon content is inversely proportional to the weldability of a material due to the fact that a martensitic structure was generate since when developing the weld bead, heat treatment temperatures are reached, which changes its microstructure (Niebles et al., 2014), (Rabiey et al., 2022). The austenite will transform into martensite, increasing the cracking in the weld bead, which occurs due to the hydrogen introduction, the martensitic structure will increase the hardness of the material at the expense of a reduction of its ductility, it which is detrimental to a structural application.
The Presence of Microplastics in Mass Consumption Food
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Arévalo Moyano Mishell , Pazmiño Pacheco Alexandra ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: April 2024

At present, the use of plastic has increased disproportionately, since it is considered a material of easy handling, high durability and low production values. However, these characteristics have become one of the main problems of large-scale pollution around the planet, since the environmental factors to which they are exposed during their manufacturing and distribution line generate the fragmentation of the material, causing the start of microplastics. These structures are of synthetic origin and have a diameter of less than five millimeters, a characteristic that makes them imperceptible to the naked eye and difficult to extract. (Bollaín & Vicente, 2019a)
Toxicological Effects of Dioxins in Latin America, a Critical Review
Authors:   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador), Escobar Montenegro Paz , Pazmiño Pacheco Karina ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: April 2024

Dioxins are chemical compounds. They are not synthesized by humans but may appear as residues produced by various chemical processes. Dioxins originate naturally in volcanic emissions and forest embers, but unfortunately the main focus of concern is found in human actions such as civil waste cremation, fungicide production, insecticide production, high temperature alloy processing, polyvinyl chloride production, and others (Montoya, 2001)
Singularidades Un manifiesto a favor de la ciencia territorial popular hecha en la praxis decolonial y contrahegemónica
Authors:   Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Saquet Marcos Aurelio ,   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador),   Universidad Politécnica Salesiana (Ecuador)
Published: April 2024

Esta obra —divida en siete capítulos— contribuye a comprender el potencial social que posee la filosofía popular que contiene en su interior el aprendizaje, el conocimiento, la complejidad y el pensamiento (normalmente no teorizado). En estas páginas se explora la filosofía contenida en los saberes populares construidos en una praxis de la vida cotidiana a través de procesos cognitivos propios del mundo rural y urbano. En este libro existen, por tanto, “visiones del mundo” (re)creadas dentro y fuera de las escuelas en diferentes niveles de (in)formación. También es una interpretación territorial y popular en la que se argumenta a favor de la unidad de la objetividad-subjetividad, lo concreto-abstracto, la sociedad-naturaleza, la universidad-sociedad, lo local-territorio, hacia una concepción hecha para la praxis popular de la liberación pluridimensional, transmultiescalar y transtemporal, en el que la investigación y la acción se realicen de manera participativa y solidaria a partir de la vida de los sujetos más vulnerables, sus reglas, posibilidades, necesidades, urgencias, oportunidades, (re)acciones y criterios.
Serum C-reactive protein to albumin ratio as a reliable marker of diabetic neuropathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus
Authors: Aktas Gulali
Published: April 2024

In various diseases characterized by inflammation, the C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) serves as a marker of inflammation. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is frequently complicated by diabetic neuropathy (DN) and timely diagnosis is crucial for treatment and potential reversal of this complication. Since both DN and T2DM are associated with chronic, low-grade inflammation, our study aimed to evaluate CAR levels in type 2 diabetic subjects with DN and compare them to those in subjects without DN. Patients presenting to our institutional outpatient clinics were divided into two groups based on the presence of DN. Data on characteristics and laboratory measures, including CAR,were compared between the DN and non-DN groups. The median CAR in the DN and non-DN groups was 2.19% (range 0.2%–49%) and 0.56% (range 0.02%–5.8%), respectively (P < 0.001). CAR showed significant positive correlations with weight (r = 0.19, P = 0.01), body mass index (BMI) (r = 0.11, P = 0.03), waist circumference (r = 0.10, P = 0.046), fasting glucose (r = 0.14, P = 0.004), serum creatinine (r = 0.25, P < 0.001), triglyceride (r = 0.17, P < 0.001), and LDL-cholesterol (r = 0.13, P = 0.001) levels, and an inverse correlation with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (r = −0.16, P < 0.001). Additionally, CAR demonstrated a sensitivity of 78% and specificity of 73% for predicting DN at a threshold of 1.02% (area under curve [AUC] 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.82–0.87, P < 0.001). High CAR levels were independently associated with an increased risk of DN (odds ratio [OR] 1.34, 95% CI 1.08–1.62, P < 0.001). Elevated CAR levels may thus be considered a potential marker for DN in T2DM patients.
Redefining GCM’s resistance to cryptanalysis with offset mechanisms
Authors: Muhammad Faisal Nawaz , Yasir Nawaz
Published: April 2024

The research paper proposes an enhancement to the Galois/Counter Mode (GCM) of authenticated encryption by introducing an “offset” mechanism. This modification aims to improve privacy and resist differential cryptanalysis without significantly impacting the mode’s efficiency and simplicity. The improved GCM maintains its original features, such as minimal block cipher invocations, the use of a single cryptographic key, and efficient offset computation. It provides a detailed analysis of the operational framework, including the integration and calculation of offsets in encryption and decryption processes. By complicating the predictability of differential cryptanalysis through unique offsets, the paper asserts this enhancement significantly increases GCM’s security within a concrete security model. The discussion emphasizes the benefits of the offset-enhanced GCM over other modes, highlighting its suitability for high-speed, parallelizable cryptographic applications while bolstering resistance against cryptanalytic attacks.
La poesía en el aula de español como lengua extranjera. Propuesta didáctica para el nivel avanzado de EE OO II a partir de un poema de Antonio Colinas / Poetry in the classroom of Spanish as a foreign language. Didactic proposal for the advanced level of
Authors: Sánchez García Remedios , Lanseros Sánchez Raquel
Published: April 2024

Resumen:

El objetivo del presente artículo es fomentar el uso didáctico de la poesía en el aula de español como lengua extranjera, resaltando su cuádruple vertiente lingüística (fonética, gramatical, léxica y cultural), junto con su versatilidad de aplicación en el contexto de enseñanza-aprendizaje de idiomas. Para ello, hemos seleccionado un poema de Antonio Colinas, contenido en su libro Sepulcro en Tarquinia, uno de los referentes de la poesía española en el último cuarto del siglo XX. A partir de este poema, hemos elaborado una propuesta didáctica concreta que busca potenciar en los alumnos el desarrollo de las cuatro destrezas comunicativas, así como la comprensión del fenómeno poético y el conocimiento del universo de Antonio Colinas. Se proporciona asimismo a los docentes una serie de herramientas básicas de evaluación, con las cuales podrán definir el progreso de los alumnos y su comprensión e interpretación del texto poético.

Palabras clave: Poesía; ELE; Antonio Colinas; nivel avanzado de EEOOII; educación literaria.

 

Abstract:

The aim of this article is to promote the didactic use of poetry in the classroom of Spanish as a foreign language, highlighting its fourfold linguistic nature (phonetic, grammatical, lexical and cultural), together with its versatility of application in the context of teaching and learning languages. For this purpose, we have selected a poem by Antonio Colinas, contained in his book Sepulcro en Tarquinia, one of the referents of Spanish poetry in the last quarter of the twentieth century. Based on this poem, we have elaborated a concrete didactic proposal that seeks to foster in the students the development of the four communicative skills, as well as the understanding of the poetic phenomenon and the knowledge of the universe of Antonio Colinas. Teachers are also provided with a series of basic assessment tools, with which they will be able to define the students' progress and their understanding and interpretation of the poetic text.

Key words: Poetry; Spanish as a foreign language; Antonio Colinas; advanced level of Official Schools of Languages; literary education.
Parálisis oculomotoras, un reporte de caso de neuropatía diabética craneal combinada o múltiple
Authors:   Universidad de Antioquia, Villegas-Parra Arnulfo Alexander , Londoño-Cossio Sandra Catalina ,   Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia, Medellín
Published: April 2024

Las parálisis oculomotoras múltiples son una condición infrecuente que por lo general se presentan con ptosis, diplopía y función pupilar conservada. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 65 años con antecedentes de diabetes e hipertensión arterial, quien acude en principio con cefalea, posteriormente presenta diplopía, ptosis palpebral izquierda progresiva y respuesta pupilar fluctuante. Se le diagnosticó parálisis unilateral de los nervios craneales III y IV. Se realizaron estudios de extensión y, finalmente, el Departamento de Neurología diagnosticó isquemia microvascular por diabetes. Se realizó ajuste al control metabólico y antihipertensivo; dos meses después tuvo recuperación completa. La parálisis oculomotora múltiple es un desafío diagnóstico en la consulta del médico general. La respuesta pupilar fluctuante, o anisocoria, puede ser causada por una neoplasia o un aneurisma en la arteria comunicante posterior. Estas condiciones pueden tener consecuencias devastadoras. Por ello, es importante un ejercicio clínico juicioso para el diagnóstico etiológico y el tratamiento correcto.
Presentación
Authors:   Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalde Peñalver Elena , Santamaría-Urbieta Alexandra ,   Universidad Internacional de la Rioja, Ramírez Giraldo Juan G. ,   Universidad de Antioquia
Published: April 2024

El crecimiento exponencial de la automatización en procesos relacionados con la traducción y la interpretación ha generado un vivo interés en el área, que se refleja en la agenda de eventos y publicaciones recientes. Las necesidades y transformaciones que genera este advenimiento en la práctica profesional no han escapado a la reflexión y a la investigación por parte de académicos de diferentes latitudes y filiaciones. Específicamente, en el área de la formación, esta preocupación se ha sumado a investigaciones más tradicionales que exploran la forma en que la academia ha respondido y debe responder a las necesidades sociales y del mercado. Presentamos en este número de Mutatis Mutandis. Revista Latinoamericana de la Traducción un abanico de estudios sobre la forma en que estas realidades están siendo abordadas, o deberían serlo, desde la perspectiva de los docentes de traducción.
Professional Identity Construction of Novice Translator Trainers in Iran: An Ecological Study
Authors:   University of Birjand, Ameri Saeed
Published: April 2024

Teacher professional identity, understood as the ways in which teachers perceive themselves as teachers, their professional roles and practices, has received enough scholarly attention in education. However, translator trainer identity is a relatively understudied area in translation studies. Acknowledging this research gap, the paper explores the factors involved in constructing Iranian early career translator trainers’ professional identity using Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory. Data on the experiences of five Iranian translator trainers in their first five years of teaching were gathered through narratives and semi-structured interviews. Using MAXQDA, a qualitative software program, the data were subjected to thematic analysis to identify patterns and themes. Findings revealed that various factors, such as students’ and department expectations, multiple professional identities, socioeconomic issues, educational policies, and the socio-cultural context, negatively or positively (re)shape translator trainers’ identity, affecting their professional development and performance. The paper concludes by arguing that training programs should provide prospective trainers with practical experiences and individual and group reflection to prepare them for the complexities of university teaching and help them develop a positive and effective professional identity.
Experiencias de voluntariado y desarrollo de la identidad profesional en traductores e intérpretes de Perú
Authors:   Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Santa Cruz Estela Huamaní , Ampuero Castilla Ellen Marisa ,   Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas
Published: April 2024

Los estudios de traducción e interpretación han analizado la construcción de la identidad profesional en contextos institucionales, laborales y formativos. Sin embargo, se ha prestado poca atención al impacto que tienen los voluntariados en el desarrollo de la identidad profesional, una actividad que resulta frecuente en la comunidad de traductores e intérpretes. Esta investigación buscó explorar la influencia que la participación en voluntariados de traducción e interpretación genera en el desarrollo de la identidad profesional. Para ello, se aplicó una metodología cualitativa, mediante entrevistas a 16 traductores e intérpretes peruanos (8 estudiantes de últimos ciclos y 8 profesionales). Los estudiantes sostuvieron que el voluntariado les brindó oportunidades como la inserción laboral y la integración a la comunidad, mientras que los profesionales valoraron sobre todo el aprendizaje continuo y la posibilidad de reflexionar acerca del aporte social de su trabajo. Los resultados ayudan a comprender el voluntariado como una experiencia de desarrollo profesional de los traductores e intérpretes en distintas etapas de su carrera, que facilita la articulación entre la formación y la actividad profesional, así como el posicionamiento del grupo profesional dentro de la sociedad.
Se busca lingüista computacional: ¿qué necesitan saber los formadores de traducción sobre la situación actual de la profesión?
Authors:   Universidad Internacional de la Rioja, Santamaría Urbieta Alexandra , Alcalde Peñalver Elena ,   Universidad de Alcalá
Published: April 2024

La actividad del traductor se desarrolla en un mercado dinámico y cambiante, en el que la evolución de la tecnología supone la adaptación a nuevos requisitos y necesidades en la profesión. Una formación de calidad en el ámbito universitario que propicie la empleabilidad de los egresados tiene que reflejar estos cambios, pero la carrera académica del profesor universitario en España, país en el que se centra este trabajo, no siempre permite un contacto directo y constante con el mercado. Por ello, en este artículo se pretende examinar el mercado laboral actual de la traducción para determinar cuáles podrían ser las nuevas profesiones a las que optarían los futuros egresados en el grado en Traducción e Interpretación, y a partir de los resultados que se obtengan, exponer lo que necesitan saber los formadores de traductores para responder a dicho mercado y al subsiguiente. Con este fin, se llevó a cabo un estudio de ofertas de trabajo siguiendo una metodología de corpus, lo que permite obtener información sobre los requisitos actuales del mercado y debatir sobre cómo reflejar estas nuevas necesidades en la formación en traducción a nivel universitario.
Propuesta consensuada (Delphi) de prácticas docentes para la adquisición de la competencia traductora
Authors:   Universidad Internacional de La Rioja, Brufau Alvira Nuria
Published: April 2024

El planteamiento principal del aprendizaje por competencias es que los estudiantes deben egresar con un saber, un saber hacer y un saber ser. Desde hace décadas, la traductología busca determinar cuáles son los conocimientos, las capacidades y las actitudes que un traductor debe aprender. Si bien son varios los modelos que existen y que, pese a sus divergencias, coinciden en la creciente complejidad de la competencia traductora, no son tantos los estudios sobre cómo se adquiere esta competencia ni las guías para conseguirlo. Al mismo tiempo, el mercado de la traducción avanza a pasos agigantados, sobre todo a raíz de la introducción de las herramientas de traducción asistida por ordenador, la traducción automática o, más recientemente, la inteligencia artificial. En este contexto, resulta pertinente reflexionar sobre qué y de qué manera enseñar en Traducción. Este artículo presenta un listado de prácticas docentes consensuadas entre un conjunto de expertos anónimos, que incluye profesores, traductores en activo y otros con cargos de responsabilidad en empresas de traducción, a través de la metodología Delphi. Además del listado propuesto por la investigadora, creado a partir de las conceptualizaciones de distintos autores, modificado y enriquecido por dichos expertos, y de las discrepancias detectadas entre las valoraciones sobre las prácticas, se presentan las conclusiones, que apuntan a la conveniencia de establecer una mayor coordinación entre asignaturas de traducción en los grados, así como a la pertinencia de lograr una colaboración entre expertos de las tres categorías para aprovechar mejor su sabiduría colectiva.
Liver condemnation due to bovine and buffalo fasciolosis in Antioquia province, Colombia
Authors:   Universidad de Antioquia, Quiroga-Robayo Mayra A. , Uruburu Mónica ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Loaiza-Echeverri Erica T. ,   Corporación Universitaria Remington, Badel-Mogollon Jaime ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Correa-Valencia Nathalia M. ,   Universidad de Antioquia, Carrillo-Bonilla Lina ,   Universidad de Antioquia
Published: April 2024

Background: Fasciola hepatica affects cattle and buffaloes, causing decreased production and liver condemnation at the slaughterhouse level. Objective: To determine liver condemnation frequency, temporal distribution, and associated factors, as well as the spatial distribution and economic impact of F. hepatica infection, based on post mortem inspection in cattle and buffaloes processed between 2010 and 2019 in one of the main slaughterhouses in Colombia. Methods: An observational, descriptive, and cross37 sectional study was carried out, with a convenience non-probability sampling. The temporal distribution of the frequency of liver condemnations was analyzed, the Pearson ꭕ2 test was used to determine the association between the dependent variable (i.e. presence/absence of adult parasites of F. hepatica) and the frequency rates between months and years, and the monthly rainfall data was compared with the accumulated monthly frequency. The association between the dependent variable and the type of production (i.e. industrial-type bovine cattle—intended for milk production, commercial44 type bovine cattle —intended for meat production), weight, and sex (odds ratios, OR and confidence intervals, 95%CI) was explored. Descriptive maps of the municipalities that presented at least one positive case of F. hepatica in 2019 and of the weighted prevalences, both for bovines and buffaloes, were designed. Only losses due to liver condemnation between 2010 and 2019 were considered for the analysis of the economic impact. Results: A total of 1,947,233 animals were processed during the study period, with an overall frequency of fasciolosis of 3.1%. Industrial-type cattle presented a 7.4% higher risk of developing F. hepatica compared to commercial-type cattle (OR=0.074; 95%CI: 0.07-0.08). Likewise, male cattle presented 3.88 times more risk compared to females (OR=3.88; 95%CI: 3.49-4.33). Economic losses due to liver condemnation were estimated at US$1,129,660 for the study period. Conclusion: The frequency of condemnations in Colombia occurs throughout the year, although it increases in the rainy season. The economic losses, only estimated by liver condemnation due to fasciolosis, are important. However, it is necessary to explore such losses considering other productive indicators and in larger animal populations. Fasciola hepatica was reported for the first time in the country in buffaloes. This work demonstrates the importance of systematizing the information generated by animal slaughterhouses.
Nurturing Hero or Villain: BAKAMLA as the Indonesian Coast Guard
Authors: Afriansyah Arie , Imanuel Christou , Darmawan Aristyo Rizka
Published: April 2024

Maritime security governance is crucial for Indonesia, the world’s largest archipelago spread across a vast water area about the size of the United States. The existence of several law enforcement institutions to uphold Indonesian laws made governance and authority fractured and weak. Consequently, BAKAMLA was established to improve Indonesian maritime security governance by synergising and monitoring law enforcement at sea. Despite being supported politically by Indonesian President Joko Widodo, institutionally, BAKAMLA remains underperforming. This article discusses whether the existence of BAKAMLA fulfils Indonesia’s political and security needs to have an integrated coast guard institution. The article considers relevant literature and the research phase employed in-depth interviews with stakeholders of Indonesia’s law enforcement officers at sea. This article concludes that BAKAMLA is still relevant if significant adjustments are made to institutional empowerment by revising and harmonising relevant laws. Such revision reflects the aspirations of political support and will from the Indonesian government to BAKAMLA.
Climate Guardians: Navigating the Future in the 2021 German Climate Verdict and Constitutional Landscape
Authors: Hartwig Manuela G.
Published: April 2024

In the realm of intergenerational justice, green constitutionalism underscores the necessity for present generations to make choices that do not jeopardize the capacity of future generations to fulfill their needs independently. The climate verdict defending the rights of future generations by the German Federal Constitutional Court (Bundesverfassungsgericht) of March 2021 was a game changer in that regard. For the first time in Germany’s climate litigation, the fundamental rights of future generations were subject to constitutional claim and enforceable. They were no longer just a normative claim. Constitutional courts can be seen as defenders of the fundamental rights of future generations where constitutions include such normative perspectives. While the Court upheld the infringement of the fundamental rights of the adolescent plaintiffs in the future, the representation of not-yet-born generations remains unclear. This article examines how the 2021 German climate verdict and constitutional provisions address the representation and protection of the interests of future generations represented by the plaintiffs concerning climate change on the one hand and discusses the potential of protecting the fundamental rights of not-yet-born future generations. The article considers the implications for intergenerational justice and explores how these legal frameworks provided by the Constitution may contribute to the formulation of sustainable policies aimed at ensuring the long-term well-being of future generations. There is an urgent need to develop an institutional regime where the needs and rights of future generations are being considered and included in decision-making processes.
Drivers and Limits of the Geoeconomic Turn in EU Infrastructure Policy
Authors: Abels Joscha , Bieling Hans-Jürgen
Published: April 2024

In recent years, the EU has increasingly applied state-interventionist practices to initiate and implement infrastructure policy projects. This stands in stark contrast to a phase of liberalization of infrastructure networks and services accompanying European integration and fiscal consolidation and infrastructure decay during the euro crisis. This article argues that the new state interventionism is strongly driven by the changing global constellation of a “new triad competition” where the EU is increasingly competing over infrastructures with the US and China. As a consequence, EU infrastructure policy undergoes a geoeconomic turn that aims to control transnational value chains and related political-economic spaces. Drawing on concepts of critical geography and international political economy, the article outlines the core features of this geoeconomic design logic of infrastructures and contrasts it with complementary or competing ones. The article substantiates these arguments by analyzing EU decision-making on two cases of high-tech infrastructure in the fields of communication and energy: the federated data infrastructure Gaia-X and the Hydrogen Strategy. Both cases provide evidence for the geoeconomic turn in EU infrastructure policy. Yet, the analysis also highlights that the turn is at times supported but also hampered by a capitalist logic that is reflected in the positioning of European and non-European businesses, as well as the EU’s reliance on private action. Furthermore, it illustrates that an ecological and a social-integrative design logic to key infrastructures are largely subordinated. The conclusions reflect on the discrepancy between the EU’s geoeconomic agenda and its less far-reaching implementation.