bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Does digital, multimedia information increase recruitment and retention in a children’s wrist fracture treatment trial, and what do people think of it? A randomised controlled Study Within A Trial (SWAT)
Authors: Moe-Byrne Thirimon , Knapp Peter , Perry Daniel , Achten Juul , Spoors Louise , Appelbe Duncan , Roche Jenny , Martin-Kerry Jacqueline M , Sheridan Rebecca , Higgins Steven
Published: July 2022

Objectives

To evaluate digital, multimedia information (MMI) for its effects on trial recruitment, retention, decisions about participation and acceptability by patients, compared with printed information.

Design

Study Within A Trial using random cluster allocation within the Forearm Fracture Recovery in Children Evaluation (FORCE) study.

Setting

Emergency departments in 23 UK hospitals.

Participants

1409 children aged 4–16 years attending with a torus (buckle) fracture, and their parents/guardian. Children’s mean age was 9.2 years, 41.0% were female, 77.4% were ethnically White and 90.0% spoke English as a first language.

Interventions

Participants and their parents/guardian received trial information either via multimedia, including animated videos, talking head videos and text (revised for readability and age appropriateness when needed) on tablet computer (MMI group; n=681), or printed participant information sheet (PIS group; n=728).

Outcome measures

Primary outcome was recruitment rate to FORCE. Secondary outcomes were Decision-Making Questionnaire (nine Likert items, analysed summatively and individually), three ‘free text’ questions (deriving subjective evaluations) and trial retention.

Results

MMI produced a small, not statistically significant increase in recruitment: 475 (69.8%) participants were recruited from the MMI group; 484 (66.5%) from the PIS group (OR=1.35; 95% CI 0.76 to 2.40, p=0.31). A total of 324 (23.0%) questionnaires were returned and analysed. There was no difference in total Decision-Making Questionnaire scores: adjusted mean difference 0.05 (95% CI −1.23 to 1.32, p=0.94). The MMI group was more likely to report the information ‘very easy’ to understand (89; 57.8% vs 67; 39.4%; Z=2.60, p=0.01) and identify information that was explained well (96; 62.3% vs 71; 41.8%). Almost all FORCE recruits were retained at the 6 weeks’ timepoint and there was no difference in retention rate between the information groups: MMI (473; 99.6%); PIS (481; 99.4%).

Conclusions

MMI did not increase recruitment or retention in the FORCE trial, but participants rated multimedia as easier to understand and were more likely to evaluate it positively.

Trial registration number

ISRCTN73136092 and ISRCTN13955395.
Universal prevention of depression at schools: dead end or challenging crossroad?
Authors: Cuijpers Pim
Published: July 2022

Universal school programmes aimed at the prevention of depression and other common mental health problems in adolescents are attractive because they are less stigmatising than targeted interventions, have a high uptake and may shift the ‘normal distribution’ of mental health problems in the positive direction. Research up to now shows small effects of these interventions, but even small effects may have a large impact because of the large number of people receiving these interventions. However, such small effects may also be related to the modest quality of the trials in this area. This means that current research has no clear indication whether universal prevention has a large public health impact or no impact at all. The MYRIAD trial is a large, fully powered, high-quality study showing that universal prevention probably is not effective, although it it is possible that other interventions or approaches do have significant effects. We should seriously consider to move to other approaches to reduce the disease burden of depression in adolescents. Indirect approaches seem to be a feasible and promising alternative approach to prevention and increase the uptake of effective interventions.
Blood eosinophil cationic protein and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin are associated with different asthma expression and evolution in adults
Authors: Granger Vanessa , Zerimech Farid , Arab Jinan , Siroux Valerie , de Nadai Patricia , Tsicopoulos Anne , Matran Régis , Akiki Zeina , Nadif Rachel
Published: July 2022

Background

Eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) and eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) are proteins released by activated eosinophils whose role in adult asthma remains unclear.

Objective

To study associations between ECP, EDN and various asthma characteristics in adults from the Epidemiological Study on the Genetics and Environment of Asthma (EGEA).

Methods

Plasma ECP and EDN levels were measured by ELISA. Cross-sectional analyses were performed in 941 adults (43±16 years old, 39% with asthma) at EGEA2 (2003–2007). Longitudinal analyses investigated the associations between EDN level at EGEA2 and changes in asthma characteristics between EGEA2 and EGEA3 (2011–2013, n=817). We used generalised estimated equations adjusted for age, sex, smoking status and body mass index to take into account familial dependence.

Results

At EGEA2, both high ECP and EDN levels were associated with current asthma (adjusted OR (aOR) (95% CI): 1.69 (1.35–2.12) and 2.12 (1.76–2.57)). Among asthmatics, high EDN level was associated with asthma attacks (aOR: 1.50 (1.13–1.99)), wheezing and breathlessness (aOR: 1.38 (1.05–1.80)), use of asthma treatments (aOR: 1.91 (1.37–2.68)) and bronchial hyper-responsiveness (aOR: 2.03 (1.38–2.97)), even after further adjustment on ECP. High ECP level was associated with high neutrophil count and tended to be associated with chronic bronchitis. High EDN level at EGEA2 was associated with persistent asthma (aOR: 1.62 (1.04–2.52)), nocturnal symptoms (aOR from 2.19 to 3.57), worsening wheezing and breathlessness (aOR: 1.97 (1.36–2.85)) and nocturnal shortness of breath (aOR: 1.44 (1.04–1.98)) between EGEA2 and EGEA3.

Conclusions

EDN and ECP were associated with different asthma expression in adults. EDN could be a potential biomarker to monitor asthma evolution in adults.
On the superiority of the $$|V_{cb}|-\gamma $$ plots over the unitarity triangle plots in the 2020s
Authors: Buras Andrzej J.
Published: July 2022

The unitarity triangle (UT) plots played already for three decades an important role in the tests of the Standard Model (SM) and the determination of the CKM parameters. As of 2022, among the four CKM parameters, $$|V_{us}|$$

|

V

us

|

and $$\beta $$
β
are already measured with respectable precision, while this is not the case of $$|V_{cb}|$$

|

V

cb

|

and $$\gamma $$
γ
. In the case of $$|V_{cb}|$$

|

V

cb

|

the main obstacle are the significant tensions between its inclusive and exclusive determinations from tree-level decays and it could still take some years before a unique value of this parameter will be known. The present uncertainty in $$\gamma $$
γ
of $$4^\circ $$

4
∘

from tree-level decays will be reduced to $$1^\circ $$

1
∘

by the LHCb and Belle II collaborations in the coming years. Unfortunately in the common UT plots $$|V_{cb}|$$

|

V

cb

|

is not seen and the experimental improvements in the determination of $$\gamma $$
γ
from tree-level decays at the level of a few degrees are difficult to appreciate. In view of these deficiencies of the UT plots with respect to $$|V_{cb}|$$

|

V

cb

|

and $$\gamma $$
γ
and the central role these two CKM parameters will play in this decade, the recently proposed plots of $$|V_{cb}|$$

|

V

cb

|

versus $$\gamma $$
γ
extracted from various processes appear to be superior to the UT plots in the flavour phenomenology of the 2020s. We illustrate this idea with $$\Delta F=2$$

Δ
F
=
2

observables $$\Delta M_s$$

Δ

M
s

, $$\Delta M_d$$

Δ

M
d

, $$\varepsilon _K$$

ε
K

and with rare decays $$B_s\rightarrow \mu ^+\mu ^-$$

B
s

→

μ
+

μ
-

, $$B_d\rightarrow \mu ^+\mu ^-$$

B
d

→

μ
+

μ
-

, $$K^+\rightarrow \pi ^+\nu \bar{\nu }$$

K
+

→

π
+

ν

ν

¯

and $$K_L\rightarrow \pi ^0\nu \bar{\nu }$$

K
L

→

π
0

ν

ν

¯

. In particular the power of $$\varepsilon _K$$

ε
K

, $$\mathcal {B}(K^+\rightarrow \pi ^+\nu \bar{\nu })$$

B
(

K
+

→

π
+

ν

ν

¯

)

and $$\mathcal {B}(K_L\rightarrow \pi ^0\nu \bar{\nu })$$

B
(

K
L

→

π
0

ν

ν

¯

)

in the determination of $$|V_{cb}|$$

|

V

cb

|

, due to their strong dependence on $$|V_{cb}|$$

|

V

cb

|

, is transparently exhibited in this manner. Combined with future reduced errors on $$\gamma $$
γ
and $$|V_{cb}|$$

|

V

cb

|

from tree-level decays such plots can better exhibit possible inconsistencies between various determinations of these two parameters, caused by new physics, than it is possible with the UT plots. This can already be illustrated on the example of the recently found $$2.7\sigma $$

2.7
σ

anomaly in $$B_s\rightarrow \mu ^+\mu ^-$$

B
s

→

μ
+

μ
-

.
Energy recovery mechanism of air injection in higher methane cut reservoir
Authors: Muhammad Noor , Ullah Saif , Khan Umair
Published: July 2022

According to new research, methane emissions contribute 25 percent more to global warming than previously assumed. Methane is a crucial precursor gas of tropospheric ozone, a dangerous air pollutant. Methane emissions are responsible for almost half of the reported growth in tropospheric ozone levels on a global scale. But it plays a vital role as an energy source, therefore, the study of methane cut reservoirs is essential. The injection of air can extract additional energy in high methane-cut reservoirs. The analysis is made to compute the theoretical potential of low air flooding in high methane-cut reservoirs. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is used to study the impact of injecting air on methane. The presence of carbon dioxide and oxygen when injected into the methane cut reservoir produces high-pressure air injection that may cause significant safety damage such as the potential for corrosion or explosion. Past field studies and reported solutions indicate that there are no insurmountable problems in the execution of high-pressure air injection. The results are harmful and need to take useful safety precautions for the engineers who are interested in experiments. The users of CFD use mathematical laws and models that exactly represent the phenomenon they are dealing with. The pressure induced by the air injection is simulated with the help of the Finite Volume Method (FVM). The velocity field near the outlet arises as higher pressure of air from the inlet is observed, whereas, the pressure near the outlet declines. The findings of this study can help for better understanding of outflow of methane from methane reservoirs.
Transformation Invariant Pashto Handwritten Text Classification and Prediction
Authors: Shabir Muhammad , Islam Naveed , Jan Zahoor , Khan Inayat
Published: July 2022

The use of handwritten recognition tools has increased yearly in various commercialized fields. Due to this, handwritten classification, recognition, and detection have become an exciting research subject for many scholars. Different techniques have been provided to improve character recognition accuracy while reducing time for languages like English, Arabic, Chinese and European languages. The local or regional languages need to consider for research to increase the scope of handwritten recognition tools to the global level. This paper presents a machine learning-based technique that provides an accurate, robust, and fast solution for handwritten Pashto text classification and recognition. Pashto belongs to cursive script division, which has numerous challenges to classify and recognize. The first challenge during this research is developing efficient and full-fledged datasets. The efficient recognition or prediction of Pashto handwritten text is impossible by using ordinary feature extraction due to natural transformations and handwriting variations. We propose some useful invariant features extracting techniques for handwritten Pashto text, i.e., radial, orthographic grid, perspective projection grid, retina, the slope of word trajectories, and cosine angles of tangent lines. During the dataset creation, salt and pepper noise was generated, which was removed using the statistical filter. Another challenge to face was the invalid disconnected handwritten stroke trajectory of words. We also proposed a technique to minimize the problem of disconnection of word trajectory. The proposed approach uses a linear support vector machine (SVM) and RBF-based SVM for classification and recognition.
The assignments of the bottom mesons within the screened potential model and 3P0 model
Authors: Feng Xue-Chao , Hao Wei , Liu Li-Juan
Published: July 2022

In this work, we calculate the mass spectrum of the bottom mesons with a modified nonrelativistic quark model by involving the screening effect, and explore their strong decay properties within the 3P0 model. Our results suggest that the [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] could be reasonably assigned as the [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. The more precise measurements of the excited bottom mesons are crucial to confirm these assignments.
Small-Scale Dynamic Behavior of Embedded Beams Under Moving Force in Complex Environments
Authors: Candra Agata Iwan , Patra Indrajit , Sivaraman Ramaswamy , Abed Azher Muhson , Al-Azzawi Waleed Khalid , Smitt John
Published: July 2022

Forced and free dynamic responses of nanobeams resting on a three-parameter foundation subjected to a moving force in magneto-hygro-thermal conditions are investigated based on the nonlocal strain gradient theory. Also, a detailed parametric study is conducted to identify the impact of slender ratio, axial and distributed tangential loads on the vibration characteristics and dynamic phenomena of the small-scale system. Comparative studies with existing results in the literature are performed to ensure the accuracy of the presented model and solution approach. Analytical and numerical methods are implemented to detect the effects of foundation coefficients, environmental conditions, geometrical and scale parameters on the dynamic amplification factor, critical moving force velocity, cancellation, and maximum free response mechanisms of the system. The outcomes revealed that the critical moving force velocity is enhanced by ascending the slender ratio, elastic, and shear moduli of the foundation. It is found that when the damping factor is considered for the foundation, it is feasible to prevent the occurrence of the cancellation phenomenon. Also, it is concluded that by fine-tuning scale parameters and environmental conditions, unwanted vibration of the system can be suppressed. The attained results of this study can be helpful in the vibration control of nanoscale actuators, switches, and resonators.
SECTORAL MARKET POWER IN GLOBAL PRODUCTION: A THEORETICAL AND OBSERVATIONAL STUDY
Authors: ILIOPOULOS PANAGIOTIS TAKIS , GALANIS GIORGOS , KUMAR ASHOK , POPOYAN LILIT
Published: July 2022

In a globalized world, the distribution of value-added across firms depends on a number of factors that vary across space. A key factor is related to the different types of competition on the multilayer structure of production, which are characterized by different types of (market) power. In this paper, we first argue that PageRank centrality is able to capture sectoral market power within the complex structure of global production. We then study the empirical properties of this market power measure and demonstrate a power-law relationship between sectoral PageRank centrality and relative sectoral profits. This power-law relationship has (international) political economy implications as it demonstrates the high incentives of sectors to become more central to increase their relative profits.
Consequences of isosteric replacement of benzene for pyrazine in phthalocyanines
Authors: Novakova Veronika
Published: July 2022

Tetrapyrazinoporphyrazines (TPyzPzs) likely represent the most investigated group of azaanalogs of phthalocyanines. This review highlights the author’s contributions in this field and summarizes the most important features of these interesting macrocycles with the aim of emphasizing the differences from the parent phthalocyanines. In particular, uniqueness in synthesis, spectral, photophysical and electrochemical properties are discussed. Thanks to systematic investigation of intramolecular charge transfer with TPyzPzs as electron acceptors, detailed structure-activity relationships of this ultrafast quenching process have been disclosed. This opened the door for the use of TPyzPzs as fluorescence sensors and quenchers in oligodeoxynucleotide probes, the latter being unique for TPyzPzs, which have not been investigated with phthalocyanines. These two applications seem to be much more suitable for TPyzPzs than photodynamic therapy, where the phthalocyanines typically have superior in vitro activities.
Bifurcation analysis of a discrete Phytoplankton–Zooplankton model with linear predational response function and toxic substance distribution
Authors: Khan A. Q. , Nazir F. , Almatrafi M. B.
Published: July 2022

Phytoplanktons are drifting plants in an aquatic system. They provide food for marine animals and are compared to terrestrial plants in that having chlorophyll and carrying out photosynthesis. Zooplanktons are drifting animals found inside the aquatic bodies. For stable aquatic ecosystem, the growth of both Zooplankton and Phytoplankton should be in steady state but in previous eras, there has been a universal explosion in destructive Plankton or algal blooms. Many investigators used various mathematical methodologies to try to explain the bloom phenomenon. So, in this paper, a discretized two-dimensional Phytoplankton–Zooplankton model is investigated. The results for the existence and uniqueness, and conditions for local stability with topological classifications of the equilibrium solutions are determined. It is also exhibited that at trivial and semitrivial equilibrium solutions, discrete model does not undergo flip bifurcation, but it undergoes Neimark–Sacker bifurcation at interior equilibrium solution under certain conditions. Further, state feedback method is deployed to control the chaos in the under consideration system. The extensive numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate theoretical results.
Intelligent computing networks for nonlinear influenza-A epidemic model
Authors: Anwar Nabeela , Shoaib Muhammad , Ahmad Iftikhar , Naz Shafaq , Kiani Adiqa Kausar , Raja Muhammad Asif Zahoor
Published: July 2022

The differential equations having delays take paramount interest in the research community due to their fundamental role to interpret and analyze the mathematical models arising in biological studies. This study deals with the exploitation of knack of artificial intelligence-based computing paradigm for numerical treatment of the functional delay differential systems that portray the dynamics of the nonlinear influenza-A epidemic model (IA-EM) by implementation of neural network backpropagation with Levenberg–Marquardt scheme (NNBLMS). The nonlinear IA-EM represented four classes of the population dynamics including susceptible, exposed, infectious and recovered individuals. The referenced datasets for NNBLMS are assembled by employing the Adams method for sufficient large number of scenarios of nonlinear IA-EM through the variation in the infection, turnover, disease associated death and recovery rates. The arbitrary selection of training, testing as well as validation samples of dataset are utilizing by designed NNBLMS to calculate the approximate numerical solutions of the nonlinear IA-EM develop a good agreement with the reference results. The proficiency, reliability and accuracy of the designed NNBLMS are further substantiated via exhaustive simulations-based outcomes in terms of mean square error, regression index and error histogram studies.
The role of total Na in the retention of microelements in soils on marine deposits
Authors: Vodyanitskii Yuriy , Minkina Tatiana , Zamulina Inna , Bauer Tatiana , Zinicovscaia Inga
Published: July 2022

The influence of alkalinity and other factors on the content of microelements in soils developed on marine deposits is studied. Traditional indicators of exchangeable sodium percentage do not demonstrate the ability to retain microelements, but one can see a close direct correlation between the content of macroelements and the retention of microelements. The efficiency of this group is increased if we take into account the concentration of total Na. The element compositions of soil were determined by neutron activation method. The results show that the Na-related alkalinity of soil can enhance the role of the main macroelements and increase the dispersibility of particles and their aggregating capacity relative to the microelements. The microelement composition was also determined in Gleyic Solonchaks using the Zn concentration due to the anionogenic composition of gley.
Measuring the Quality of Learning in a Human–Robot Collaboration: A Study of Laparoscopic Surgery
Authors: Ferrier-Barbut Eléonore , Gauthier Philippe , Luengo Vanda , Canlorbe Geoffroy , Vitrani Marie-Aude
Published: July 2022

Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Surgery (RALS) is now prevalent in operating rooms. This situation requires future surgeons to learn Classic Laparoscopic Surgery (CLS) and RALS simultaneously. Therefore, along with the investigation of the differences in performance between the two techniques, it is essential to study the impact of training in RALS on the skills mastered in CLS. In this article, we study comanipulated RALS (Co-RALS), one of the two designs for RALS, where the human and the robot share the execution of the task. We use a rarely used in Human–Robot Interaction measuring tool: gaze tracking and time recording to measure for the acquisition of skills in CLS when training in Co-RALS or in CLS and time recording to compare the learning curves between Co-RALS and CLS. These metrics allow us to observe differences in Co-RALS and CLS. Training in Co-RALS develops slightly better but not significantly better hand–eye coordination skills and significantly better timewise performance compared with training in CLS alone. Co-RALS enhances timewise performance in laparoscopic surgery on specific types of tasks that require precision rather than depth perception skills compared with CLS. The results obtained enable us to further define the Human–Robot Interaction quality in Co-RALS.
Exponentially Faster Shortest Paths in the Congested Clique
Authors: Dory Michal , Parter Merav
Published: July 2022

We present improved deterministic algorithms for approximating shortest paths in the
Congested Clique
model of distributed computing. We obtain poly(log log
n
)-round algorithms for the following problems in unweighted undirected
n
-vertex graphs:

( 1 +
ϵ
)-approximation of multi-source shortest paths (MSSP) from
O
(√
n
) sources.

(2 +
ϵ
)-approximation of all pairs shortest paths (APSP).

(1 +
ϵ
, β)-approximation of APSP where
β
=
O
(log log
n
/
ϵ
)

log log
n

.

These bounds improve
exponentially
over the state-of-the-art poly-logarithmic bounds due to [Censor-Hillel et al., PODC19]. It also provides the first nearly-additive bounds for the APSP problem in sub-polynomial time. Our approach is based on distinguishing between short and long distances based on some distance threshold
t = O
(
β
/
ϵ
) where
β
=
O
(log log
n
/
ϵ
)

log log
n

. Handling the long distances is done by devising a new algorithm for computing a sparse (1 +
ϵ
,
β
) emulator with
O
(
n
log log
n
) edges. For the short distances, we provide
distance-sensitive
variants for the distance tool-kit of [Censor-Hillel et al., PODC19]. By exploiting the fact that this tool-kit should be applied only on local balls of radius
t
, their round complexities get improved from poly (log
n
) to poly (log
t
).

Finally, our deterministic solutions for these problems are based on a derandomization scheme of a novel variant of the hitting set problem, which might be of independent interest.
Using Pattern of On-Off Routers and Links and Router Delays to Protect Network-on-Chip Intellectual Property
Authors: Biswas Arnab Kumar
Published: July 2022

Intellectual Property (IP) reuse is a well known practice in chip design processes. Nowadays, network-on-chips (NoCs) are increasingly used as IP and sold by various vendors to be integrated in a multiprocessor system-on-chip (MPSoC). However, IP reuse exposes the design to IP theft, and an attacker can launch IP stealing attacks against NoC IPs. With the growing adoption of MPSoC, such attacks can result in huge financial losses. In this article, we propose four NoC IP protection techniques using fingerprint embedding: ON-OFF router-based fingerprinting (ORF), ON-OFF link-based fingerprinting (OLF), Router delay-based fingerprinting (RTDF), and Row delay-based fingerprinting (RWDF). ORF and OLF techniques use patterns of ON-OFF routers and links, respectively, while RTDF and RWDF techniques use router delays to embed fingerprints. We show that all of our proposed techniques require much less hardware overhead compared to an existing NoC IP security solution (square spiral routing) and also provide better security from removal and masking attacks. In particular, our proposed techniques require between 40.75% and 48.43% less router area compared to the existing solution. We also show that our solutions do not affect the normal packet latency and hence do not degrade the NoC performance.
The Excited State Calculation of Two-Dimensional MoSi2N4 layered Material Doped with P Respectively for Visible Light Absorption by Gaussian
Authors: Liu Boxun , Yao Huilu , Wan Lingyu , Liang Chuangjian , Li Yasi , Su Zihan , Li Yongsheng
Published: July 2022

The two-dimensional MoSi2N4 monolayer as a representative material in the MA2Z4 system has excellent light absorption properties. This article uses first-principles calculations to explore the effect of Z-site atoms on material properties. The study found that the lattice structure of MoSi2N4 monolayer did not change significantly after doping with P atoms at the Z site. After doping with 25% of P atoms, the light absorption performance is slightly reduced, and the absorption peak moves in the direction of ultraviolet light. When we replaced all the N atoms in the material with P atoms, the number of excited states of the material in the visible light region is greatly increased. Moreover, compared with the MoSi2N4 single layer, the light absorption performance of the MoSi2P4 single layer is greatly enhanced, and the peak light absorption intensity is 2.74 times higher than that before doping.
Multidigit tactile perception I: motion integration benefits for tactile trajectories presented bimanually
Authors: Arslanova Irena , Takamuku Shinya , Gomi Hiroaki , Haggard Patrick
Published: July 2022

Object manipulation involves encoding spatially and temporally extended tactile signals, yet most studies emphasize minimal units of tactile perception (e.g., selectivity). Instead, we asked participants to average two tactile motion trajectories delivered simultaneously to two different fingerpads. Our results show strong integration between multiple tactile inputs, but subject to limitations for inputs delivered within a hand. As such, the present study establishes a paradigm for studying unified experience of touch despite distinct stimulus elements.
The Application Trend of Digital Finance and Technological Innovation in the Development of Green Economy
Authors: Zhou Ya
Published: July 2022

Based on the perspective of digital finance and technological innovation, this paper analyzes its application in economic development, green economy, and sustainable development. With the continuous development of technological economy, methods such as artificial intelligence, Internet of Things, big data, and cloud computing become increasingly mature. Economic development is inseparable from the empowerment of technology. In this paper, firstly, we introduce the basic concepts and main forms of digital finance and technological economy and list the cutting‐edge technologies including blockchain, VR, sharing economy, and other modes. Then, we analyze the application trend of technology economy. Finally, we analyze the examples of digital finance and technological innovation in detail, including tourism economy, digital marketing, sharing economy, smart city, digital healthcare, and personalized education, three hot topics of technology intersection and integration. In the end, we put forward prospects for the development of a digital economy, digital finance, and technological innovation.
Load Balancing of SDN Controller for Migration Optimization Based on Metaheuristics
Authors: Min Congcong
Published: July 2022

With the existing power SDN network architecture, the improved switches migration algorithm is put forward. Through the advantages of the ant colony algorithm and genetic algorithm fusion, the migration process is optimized, and the fusion algorithm in switches uses the operation, such as restrictions in advance and pruning algorithm efficiency to eventually apply migration under multiple controllers to the switch. The efficiency and stability of switch migration under multicontroller are improved, and the performance of the RYU controller is compared with other algorithms. The results of the algorithm and performance comparison test show that the improved ant colony algorithm is reduced by 12.5% and 1.5%, which is a comparison of response delay; the accuracy of the migration operation of the algorithm can make full use of the resources of the controller and achieve the purpose of improving the migration efficiency and load balancing among multiple controllers.
Occupational Therapy for People with Early Parkinson’s Disease: A Retrospective Program Evaluation
Authors: Sadural Alan , MacDonald Jillian , Johnson Joelle , Gohil Kavita , Rafferty Miriam
Published: July 2022

Purpose. Clinical practice guidelines establish that occupational therapy (OT) services are indicated for people with early Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, OT is uncommon compared to other rehabilitation services. This study describes the development and evaluation of a proactive, consultative OT program for people with early PD as a part of an integrated care approach. Materials and Methods. The program was developed by an occupational therapist adapting practice guidelines for people with early PD. Retrospective program evaluation occurred at an outpatient rehabilitation clinic. The consultative OT program for early PD includes a 90-minute evaluation with instruction in self-management techniques, individually tailored exercises, and follow-up recommendations. The program was evaluated with the RE-AIM framework. Postprogram semistructured interviews provided patient-reported program effectiveness and satisfaction. Results. In 2018, 23 individuals used OT out of 77 people with early PD who attended the proactive rehabilitation program. Most individuals (n = 16, 69.6%) were within Hoehn and Yahr stages 1-2 and were seen within 3 years of PD diagnosis. Participants presented with deficits in hand strength (60.0 ± 23.4 pounds) and dexterity (right hand 30.0 ± 8.0 seconds) and reported complaints about basic and/or instrumental activities of daily living (n = 15, 65.2%). Semistructured interviews (n = 16) revealed that most individuals (75%) reported high satisfaction. Of the 10 who recalled a home exercise program, 60% reported continued adherence. Consultative OT was delivered with fidelity in 22/23 individuals (96%). After one year, only two occupational therapists at one clinic had adopted the program, and the program is maintained in the organization. Conclusion. Occupational therapists reached people in the early stages of PD when a specific program was tailored to evaluate and target their specific needs. Motor activity deficits noted in individuals with early PD support future scaling and sustainability efforts of OT within this population. Quality improvement suggestions are discussed for future implementation and clinical trials.
A Study on Trauma Mechanisms and Injury Sites in Patients with Blunt Abdominal Trauma
Authors: Choi YoungUn , Kim SuHyun , Ko JiWool , Kim MyoungJun , Shim Hongjin , Han JaeHun , Lim JiHye , Kim Kwangmin
Published: July 2022

Background. Although blunt abdominal trauma is sometimes readily identified in patients with trauma, its diagnosis and treatment can be delayed due to various limitations including unconsciousness or unstable vital functions, which may cause shock due to blood loss and sepsis. Confirming the correlation between the specific damage of the abdominal organ and the recommended surgical intervention will allow for predicting abdominal damage based on the specific underlying trauma mechanisms. Objectives. This study aimed to assess the proportion of patients with blunt trauma resulting from intraabdominal injury who received surgical intervention (surgery and angioembolization [A/E]), stratified by trauma mechanism and to examine which organs were damaged per different trauma incident. Methods. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics of 2,291 patients in a tertiary trauma center. Clinical characteristics included age, sex, injury severity score, trauma mechanism (car, motorcycle, pedestrian, bicycle, ship or train accident, fall, slipping or rolling down, bumping, crush injury, explosion burn, and others), abdominal surgical intervention, damaged organ, and A/E site. Results. One-fourth of the patients with blunt trauma required surgical intervention in the abdomen. In particular, the mesentery or bowel was the main injured area for abdominal surgery in all mechanisms, and the spleen or liver was the main damaged organ subjected to A/E. Therefore, we should consider that a substantial proportion of patients with trauma do require abdominal surgery. In particular, repeated physical examination and imaging tests are necessary when the patients are unconscious or their vital functions are unstable for accurate confirmation of injury.
Reliability Analysis of the High-Voltage Power Battery System Based on the Polymorphic Fuzzy Fault Tree
Authors: Jiang Haonan , Lin Changbo , Feng Gaoshan , Xu Enyong , Zheng Weiguang
Published: July 2022

Accidents caused by the failure of high-voltage power battery systems are rising with the increase of pure electric commercial vehicles. The fault tree analysis method based on traditional reliability is no longer suitable for quantitative evaluation of polymorphic systems. In this paper, the polymorphic fuzzy fault tree of the high-voltage power battery system for pure electric commercial vehicles is established and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively based on a combined theory of the polymorphic theory, fuzzy mathematical theory, group decision theory, and fault tree analysis theory. The results showed that the multistate reliability-analysis method of the fuzzy fault tree could describe the various fault states of the high-voltage power battery system. Through quantitative evaluation of the reliability of system, the low-temperature environment and CAN high and low reverse connection were the weakest links of the system, and the problem of the occurrence probability of each state of the unknown polymorphic bottom event in the sub-fault tree of the deteriorated-state mode was solved quickly using group decision-making to deal with fuzzy probability. It provides theoretical reference for system design and detection process, which has important practical significance for the improvement of high-voltage power battery system.
Statistical Analysis Based on Progressive Type‐I Censored Scheme from Alpha Power Exponential Distribution with Engineering and Medical Applications
Authors: Abo-Kasem O. E. , Ibrahim Omnia , Aljohani Hassan M. , Hussam Eslam , Kilai Mutua , Aldallal Ramy
Published: July 2022

Using a progressive Type‐I censoring technique, this article will explore how to estimate unknown parameters of the alpha power exponential distribution (APED) (Type‐I PCS). The squared error loss function and the LINEX loss function are used to get the maximum likelihood estimate as well as the Bayesian estimation of the unknown parameters, respectively. It was our intention to use the Markov chain Monte Carlo method in conjunction with the Bayes estimation strategy. We are able to calculate the approximately accurate confidence intervals for the parameters whose values are unknown. In addition to this, we discussed the estimation challenges of reliability and the hazard rate function of the APED while using Type‐I PCS, as well as the approximate confidence intervals that relate to these problems. In the last step, the theoretical findings that were acquired are evaluated and compared with the distributions of all of its rivals by making use of two actual datasets that represent the disciplines of engineering and medicine.
Analysis of Two-Level Mesh Method for Partial Integro-Differential Equation
Authors: Tang Quan , Luo Ziyang , Zhang Xindong , Liu Juan
Published: July 2022

In this paper, we present two-level mesh scheme to solve partial integro-differential equation. The proposed method is based on a finite difference method. For the first step, we use finite difference method in time and global radial basis function (RBF) finite difference (FD) in space. For the second step, we use the finite difference method to solve the proposed problem. This two-level mesh scheme is obtained by combining the radial basis function with finite difference. We prove the stability and convergence of scheme and show that the convergence order is

O

τ

2

+

h

2

, where

τ

and

h

are the time step size and space step size, respectively. The results of numerical examples are compared with analytical solutions to show the efficiency of proposed scheme. The numerical results are in good agreement with theoretical ones.
Design Method of Intelligent Touchpoint: Intelligent Auto-Loading Cargo Transport Vehicle for Automobile Passenger Transportation
Authors: Li Wanqiang , Hu Hong , Zhou Jie
Published: July 2022

The integration of passenger and cargo transportation has become a new profit development point in the transformation of automotive passenger transport services, and cargo vehicles are a major service touchpoint for the integrated passenger and cargo transport system. This study presents a set of intelligent service touchpoint design principles with intelligent perception, connection, analysis, decision-making, and execution, to innovate the integrated intelligent service system of automobile passenger and cargo transportation, and intelligent self-loading and unloading cargo transport. Based on the field data of cargo transport services of five automobile passenger stations in China, the problems are analyzed and summarized from the aspects of service facilities, content, price, and process, and ultimately form an intelligent service system integrating automobile passenger and cargo transportation. Next, the proposed system is analyzed and compared with five existing intelligent consignment products, and target tasks and requirements of cargo transport vehicles are extracted. The system realizes the usability evaluation of the functional prototype through the combination of open-source hardware, Arduino platform, and mechanical transmission structure, and verifies the availability of the design principles of intelligent service touchpoints.
A Comparative Analysis of Fractional Space-Time Advection-Dispersion Equation via Semi-Analytical Methods
Authors: Aljahdaly Noufe H. , Shah Rasool , Naeem Muhammed , Arefin Mohammad Asif
Published: July 2022

The approximate solutions of the time fractional advection-dispersion equation are presented in this article. The nonlocal nature of solute movement and the nonuniformity of fluid flow velocity in the advection-dispersion process lead to the formation of a heterogeneous system, which can be modeled using a fractional advection-dispersion equation, which generalizes the classical advection-dispersion equation and replaces the time derivative with the fractional Caputo derivative. Researchers use a variety of numerical techniques to study such fractional models, but the nonlocality of the derivative having fractional order leads to high computation complexity and complex calculations, so the task is to find an efficient technique that requires less computation and provides greater accuracy when numerically solving such models. A innovative techniques, homotopy perturbation method and new iteration method, are used in connection with the Elzaki transform to solve the “fractional advection-dispersion equation” which provides the solution in the convergent series form. When the homotopy perturbation method is used with the Elzaki transform, fast convergent series solutions can be obtained with less computation. By solving some cases of time-fractional advection-dispersion equation with varied initial conditions with the help of new iterative transform method and homotopy perturbation transform method demonstrates the usefulness of the proposed methods.
Enterprise Financial and Tax Risk Management Methods under the Background of Big Data
Authors: Ouyang Shaojuan , Fang Ying
Published: July 2022

Taking enterprise tax risk management as the research object, it analyzes the specific management mode and countermeasures by combining the current big data background. Taking enterprise A as an example, a tax risk assessment model is constructed. Through the AHP-entropy weight method, the tax risk of enterprise A is quantitatively analyzed and the tax risk is analyzed. And the evaluation model is extended to the tax risk evaluation of the whole industry. The results show that enterprises have faced greater tax risks in recent years. Since 2019, tax risk has been higher than the industry level, which is closely related to enterprise A’s neglect of tax risk. The tax risk of enterprise A in 2022 will be greatly alleviated, and the tax risk will be 0.63% higher than the industry level. This is roughly in line with industry risk. This is inseparable from the fact that with the gradual deepening of society’s understanding of tax risks, the enterprise is also inclined to control tax risks in daily operations and corporate decision-making. According to the results of risk assessment, an effective strategy for enterprise tax risk management in the era of big data is proposed. It is expected that this tax risk assessment method will be extended to the whole industry.
Chrysophanol from the Roots of Kniphofia Insignis and Evaluation of Its Antibacterial Activities
Authors: Tadesse Asnakew Amare , Muhammed Beshir Legas , Zeleke Moges Abebe
Published: July 2022

Sequential extraction of the roots of Kniphofia insignis using cold maceration techniques and column chromatographic separation leads to the isolation of one monomeric anthraquinone, chrysophanol (1). The structure of the compound was established using spectroscopic analyses including NMR (1H and 13C-NMR, infrared) and comparison with reported literature. The in vitro antibacterial activities of the crude extracts and the isolated compounds were evaluated against four bacterial strains (S. aureus ATCC 25923, B. subtilis ATCC 6633, E. coli ATCC 35218, and P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853). Among them, the crude extract, acetone extract, has shown substantial antibacterial activity with the highest activity against E. coli (22.3 mm). However, compound 1 has a better zone of inhibition with 19.3 mm against P. aeruginosa.
Identification of APC Mutation as a Potential Predictor for Immunotherapy in Colorectal Cancer
Authors: Feng Fen , Sun Huake , Zhao Zhikun , Sun Chao , Zhao Yongtian , Lin Hanqing , Yang Jie , Xiao Yajie , Wang Wei , Wu Dongfang
Published: July 2022

To date, anticancer immunotherapy has presented some clinical benefits to most of advanced mismatch repair deficient (dMMR)/microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. In addition to MSI status, we aimed to reveal the potential predictive value of adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene mutations in CRC patients. A total of 238 Chinese CRC patients was retrospectively identified and analyzed for clinical features and gene alternations in APC-mutant type (MT) and APC-wild-type (WT) groups. Clinical responses were then evaluated from the public TCGA database and MSKCC immunotherapy database. Although programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) level, MSI status, loss of heterogeneity at the human leukocyte antigen (HLA LOH), and tumor neoantigen burden (TNB) level were not statistically different between the APC-MT group and APC-WT group, tumor mutation burden (TMB) level was significantly higher in APC-MT patients (

P
<
0.05

). Furthermore, comutation analysis for APC mutations revealed co-occurring genomic alterations of PCDHB7 and exclusive mutations of CTNNB1, BRAF, AFF3, and SNX25 (

P
<
0.05

). Besides, overall survival from MSKCC-CRC cohort was longer in the APC-WT group than in the APC-MT group (HR 2.26 (95% CI 1.05–4.88),

P
<
0.05

). Furthermore, most of patients in the APC-WT group were detected as high-grade immune subtypes (C2–C4) comparing with those in the APC-MT group. In addition, the percentages of NK T cells, Treg cells, and fibroblasts cells were higher in APC-WT patients than in APC-MT patients (

P
<
0.05

). In summary, APC mutations might be associated with poor outcomes for immunotherapy in CRC patients regardless of MSI status. This study suggested APC gene mutations might be a potential predictor for immunotherapy in CRC.
Study on Optimization of WEDM Process Parameters on Stainless Steel
Authors: Natarajan K. , Ramakrishnan H. , Gacem Amel , Vijayan V. , Karthiga K. , Ali H. Elhosiny , Prakash B. , Mekonnen Addisalem
Published: July 2022

Stainless steel is a material which has high corrosive resistance and oxidation resistance at high temperature with the combination of chromium, nickel, and niobium as a primary constituent. This material which is difficult to machine with complex shape is taken by using wire cut electric discharge machining. Wire electrical discharge machining is a nontraditional process widely taken for cutting and machining for complex shapes. This review paper involves wire cut EDM optimization parameters. Pulse interval, pulse duration, wire feed, voltage, and mean current are the operational parameters. The Taguchi orthogonal array method, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and grey relation analysis (GRA) methods are taken for different kinds of machining various kinds of materials, and different kinds of result with best material removal rate (MRR) and surface roughness (SR) are analyzed. This work suggests the most influencing process parameters and best optimization method for various steel materials.
Complex Dynamics and Effects of Memristive Load Using Current‐Mode‐Controlled in Buck Converter
Authors: Tewa Kammogne Alain Soup , Kengne Edwige Mache , Vaidyanathan Sundarapandian , Bertrand Fotsin Hilaire , Tatietse Tamo Thomas
Published: July 2022

Electronic power converters are in a state of exhibiting some complex features which can be influenced by the converter’s structure parameters and load, as well as its pulse period. In this paper, we propose to investigate these phenomena occurring in the dc/dc buck converter by carrying out the dynamics of the said system when it exhibits the fingerprints of frequency‐dependent pinched hysteresis loops. The essential part of this study is consecrated to the nonlinear dynamics when the converter load is memristive. Under two kinds of switch states, the independent nonlinear models and equations are derived which provide a complete dynamics description of the system under investigation. The dynamics analysis is performed by making use of bifurcation tools, phase portraits, and two parameters Lyapunov diagrams showing that the system depicts very rich and striking behaviors such as periodic orbits, period‐doubling bifurcation, quasiperiodicity, chaos, and pinched hysteresis loops of the memristive load. Finally, the numerical simulation results are in almost perfect agreement with the analog result obtained with PSIM. The results obtained in this work have not yet been reported in the literature to the best of our knowledge and thus deserve dissemination.