bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Relationships Between Concentric and Eccentric Strength and Countermovement Jump Performance in Resistance Trained Men
Authors: Bridgeman Lee A. , McGuigan Michael R. , Gill Nicholas D. , Dulson Deborah K.
Published: July 2016

Bridgeman, LA, McGuigan, MR, Gill, ND, and Dulson, DK. Relationships between concentric and eccentric strength and countermovement jump performance in resistance trained men. J Strength Cond Res 32(1): 255–260, 2018—The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between concentric and eccentric peak force (PF) and countermovement jump (CMJ) performance in resistance trained men. Subjects were 12 men (mean ± SD; age: 25.4 ± 3.5 years; height: 177.2 ± 4.5 cm; mass: 84.0 ± 10.1 kg). The men were tested for concentric and eccentric PF using the Exerbotics squat device. Subjects then completed 3 CMJs to allow for the calculation of peak power (PP), peak ground reaction force, and jump height (JH). Correlations between the variables of interest were calculated using Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients. A large relationship was found between absolute concentric PF and absolute CMJ PP (r = 0.66, p ≤ 0.05). Absolute eccentric PF had a very large relationship with absolute CMJ PP and CMJ JH (r = 0.74, p < 0.01 and r = 0.74, p < 0.001, respectively). In addition, absolute eccentric PF was found to have a moderate relationship with relative CMJ PP (r = 0.58, p ≤ 0.05). Relative eccentric PF was had a very large relationship with relative CMJ PP and CMJ JH (r = 0.73, p < 0.001 and r = 0.79, p < 0.001, respectively). Based on these findings, strength and conditioning coaches and athletes who wish to enhance CMJ performance may wish to include exercises, which enhance lower-body eccentric strength within their training.
Thermocapillary Flow in an Annular Two-Layer Liquid System
Authors: Haiqiong Xie  , Zhong Zeng  , Liangqi Zhang  , Yuui Yokota  , Yoshiyuki Kawazoe  , Akira Yoshikawa
Published: July 2016

By means of a hybrid lattice Boltzmann method, thermocapillary flow, driven by the surface tension owing to a horizontal temperature gradient along the interface in immiscible two-layer liquid system, is simulated numerically. The dynamic behavior of the interface is captured by using phase-field theory. The dependence of flow and interface deformation on the density ratio, Capillary number and aspect ratio, is investigated.
The effect of varying intercepts on findings in sociophonetic data
Authors: Gradoville Michael S. , Brown Earl K. , File-Muriel Richard J.
Published: July 2016

Mixed-effects models have been advocated to account for the hierarchical nature of most data used in variationist studies. This study uses a corpus of eight speakers of Spanish spoken in Cali, Colombia to test the effect of two varying intercepts, one for speaker and one for word, on the fixed effects obtained for three dependent variables relevant for the study of variable s-realization. Although the inclusion of varying intercepts generally does not affect the sign of the fixed effects, results show that significance of a number of fixed effects is greatly affected by the varying intercepts, especially the word varying intercept, on which many of the fixed effects depend. The speaker varying intercept, on the other hand, only affected the significance of fixed effects whose p-value was already near the threshold of 0.05.
Cognitive and linguistic factors affecting the selection of landscapes in the Corpus of Language and Nature
Authors: Romero-Trillo Jesús , Espigares Tíscar
Published: July 2016

The present paper attempts to establish the relationship between the linguistic and cultural background of speakers of different L1 and their description of nature. Specifically, our research has an interdisciplinary foundation and investigates the relationship between language, environmental background and the contemplation of natural landscapes in the Corpus of Language and Nature (henceforth CLAN). The CLAN project is a collection of over 4,000 spoken descriptions of landscapes recorded online by 19 to 24-year-old university students from different parts of the world. The selection of the landscapes was based upon two variables: humid vs. non-humid landscapes and domesticated vs. non-domesticated landscapes. participants described 24 photographs combining the two variables, with six photographs per combination. The computer platform designed for the project presented the 24 photos in a random order and the students were instructed to freely choose the order of photos for their comments. The objective of the study is to analyze the participants’ behavior in two aspects: the selection order of the photos and the duration of the contemplation and description of the photos. The results showed that the background environment and the number of languages spoken by the participants influenced the order of photograph selection and the duration of the descriptions. In sum, our article presents for the first time the relationship between the contemplation of landscapes and emotions from a linguistic perspective, and we believe that it can open research avenues to understand the cognitive processes in the linguistic and emotional evaluation of landscapes.
Preliminary stages of a cross-cultural Brazilian Portuguese adaptation of a measurement tool for assessing public understanding of human papillomavirus
Authors: Manoel André Luciano , Traebert Jefferson , Rebello Luísa Correa , Zapelini Clávison Martinelli , Trevisol Daisson José , Schuelter-Trevisol Fabiana
Published: July 2016

Abstract: The objective of this study was to conduct the initial stages of the cross-cultural adaptation to Brazilian Portuguese of a scale to measure the level of knowledge about HPV. The stages included: translation from English into the Portuguese spoken in Brazil; synthesis of the translated version; back-translation; analysis by an expert committee; and reliability analysis based on internal consistency and reproducibility. Cronbach's α coefficient for the instrument was 0.985. Subset analysis produced only minor variations. The correlation coefficients between the individual items and the overall result showed strong positive correlations, except for three items. Reproducibility analysis showed kappa values with substantial or moderate agreement for the majority of the items. A preliminary Brazilian version was obtained with satisfactory results, but other stages are necessary in the process of validation of the Brazilian version.
Validade da estrutura fatorial da escala de capital social utilizada na linha de base no ELSA-Brasil
Authors: Souto Ester Paiva , Vasconcelos Ana Glória Godoi , Chor Dora , Reichenheim Michael E. , Griep Rosane Härter
Published: July 2016

Resumo: Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo estudar a estrutura fatorial da versão brasileira da escala Resource Generator (RG), utilizando dados da linha de base do Estudo Longitudinal de Saúde do Adulto (ELSA-Brasil). Realizou-se validade cruzada com três subamostras aleatórias. A análise fatorial exploratória usando modelos de equação estrutural exploratória foi realizada nas duas primeiras subamostras para diagnóstico da estrutura fatorial e, na terceira, a análise fatorial confirmatória foi utilizada para corroborar o modelo definido pelas análises exploratórias. Com base nos 31 itens iniciais, o modelo de melhor ajuste contemplou 25 itens distribuídos em três dimensões. Todas apresentaram validade convergente (valores acima de 0,50 para a variância extraída) e precisão (valores acima de 0,70 para a confiabilidade composta) satisfatórias. Todas as correlações fatoriais foram abaixo de 0,85, indicando plena validade fatorial discriminante. A escala RG apresenta propriedades psicométricas aceitáveis e pode ser utilizada em populações com características semelhantes.
Mesenchymal stem cell infusion on skin wound healing of dexamethasone immunosuppressed wistar rats
Authors: Monteiro Betânia Souza , Faria Roberta Delessa , Zanella Alessandra Rodrigues Coelho , Cruz Emanuelle Pimentel , Godoi Noely Pianca , Fiorio Wagner Alexey Back , Lenz Dominik , Fortunato Viviane Raposo
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT: To evaluate the therapeutic contribution of MSC intravenous infusion to surgical wound healing in dexamethasone-immunosuppressed rats, thirty-five rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: in the Control Group (CG), five rats received normal saline as 0.2ml subcutaneous (SC) injections every 24 hours, for 30 consecutive days and, in the Dexamethasone Group (DG), 30 rats were given 0.2mL subcutaneous dexamethasone (0.1mg kg-1) every 24 hours, for 30 consecutive days. After 30 days, all rats underwent surgery to create an experimental skin wound. The 30 animals of the DG group were divided into two equal groups, which received different treatments: the dexamethasone group (DG) received a single application of 0.5ml normal saline, via the intravenous route (IV), 48 hours after wound creation; and the Mesenchymal Stem Cells Dexamethasone group (MSCDG) received MSC transplantation at a concentration of 9x106 cells in a single IV application, 48 hours after wound creation. The surgical wounds of CG rats closed on average 14.75 days after creation and DG rats had wounds closed within 22 days; whereas, the surgical wounds of MSCDG rats were closed in 14 days. MSC infusion in dexamethasone-immunosuppressed patients contributed positively to epithelial healing in less time.
Characterization of Alternaria isolates and reaction of potato genotypes to early blight
Authors: Alvarenga Thayssa Vilela Miguel , Ribeiro Silvia Regina Rodrigues de Paula , Souza Elaine Aparecida de , Pereira Francielly de Cássia , Pinto César Augusto Brasil Pereira
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT: Early blight is one of the most important fungal diseases of potato. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro reaction of potato genotypes to the severity of early blight and compare the species Alternaria solani and Alternaria grandis , etiologic agents of disease, through the evaluation of physiological characteristics. Twenty-two genotypes of the Potato Breeding Program at UFLA, two cultivars, Aracy and Bintje, patterns of resistance and susceptibility, respectively were evaluated. For inoculation, three isolates of A. grandis and two isolates of A. solani were used. Plantlets obtained in vitro were inoculated with a 5mm diameter mycelial disk of isolates Alternaria spp. of. These were incubated in severity and classified according to the rating scale. Isolates of Alternaria spp. were evaluated for mycelial growth index (MGI) and for formation of mycelial compatibility groups (MCG). The methodology for evaluating the in vitro reaction of genotypes to severity of early blight was efficient for both isolates. The isolates of A. solani and A. grandis were similar in their aggressiveness. The isolates of A. grandis MGI's had higher, and therefore mycelium grew faster when compared to those isolated from A. solani . The occurrence of mycelial compatibility among isolates of A. solani and A. grandis indicated the possible occurrence of parasexual cycle.
The South-American rattlesnake Crotalus durissus: feeding ecology in the central region of Brazil
Authors: Hoyos María Adelaida , Almeida-Santos Selma Maria
Published: July 2016

Abstract We investigated food patterns in the diet composition of 452 specimens of Crotalus durissus from Central Brazil. Thirty-three items were recorded corresponding to four categories: rodents (75.76%), marsupials (6.06%), unidentified mammals (9.09%) and reptiles (9.09%). Adults of both sexes and some juveniles feed mostly on mammals, specifically rodents, it is the most active and abundant prey throughout the year mainly in areas from Cerrado. In addition, we observed that in C. durissus there is a trend in the diet of females could be more diverse, maybe this can be associated to sexual differences involving different strategies of the feeding biology of this rattlesnake.
GREEN MARKETING AS A MEDIATOR BETWEEN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE
Authors: Zampese Ednei Rogério de Souza , Moori Roberto Giro , Caldeira Adilson
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT Purpose: The study aims to explore and describe the mediation of green marketing in the relationship between supply chain management and corporate performance. Originality/gap/relevance/implications: The prior intention was to fill an epistemological gap about green marketing. The presence of green marketing in regression decreases the magnitude of the relationship between supply chain management and performance in Brazilian construction companies. Key methodological aspects: The study was carried out using quantitative method with exploratory and descriptive purposes. An exploratory research was conducted through in-depth interviews with ten managers working in the construction business. A descriptive survey involved the application of a questionnaire answered by a sample of 133 respondents. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, linear regression and structural equation modeling. Summary of key results: Data showed that green marketing mediates, in part, the relationship between supply chain management and corporate performance. Key considerations/conclusions: As theoretical implications, the study reinforces positive correlations between the constructs used in the surveyed sector. It resorted to models previously developed that, combined, could be reproduced or falsified, in order to obtain, finally, convergent measurement models. As a practical application, it identified the involvement of employees in environmental issues, missions and visions with explicit statements on energy and water saving and green marketing initiatives to improve the corporate image, such as obtaining environmental certifications. In conclusion, it appears that the civil construction companies have room to improve the communication and image to stimulate both the supply and consumption of green products.
Identificação de transtornos traumáticos cumulativos em portuários para o raciocínio clínico
Authors: Almeida Marlise Capa Verde de , Cezar-Vaz Marta Regina , Bonow Clarice Alves , Silva Mara Regina Santos da , Barlem Edison Luis Devos
Published: July 2016

Resumo Objetivo Relacionar os transtornos traumáticos cumulativos autorreferidos por trabalhadores portuários e seus condicionantes socioambientais. Métodos Estudo transversal com 232 portuários (136 em terra e 96 a bordo) com média de idade de 48,7 anos. Os transtornos traumáticos cumulativos foram autorreferidos; a intensidade foi medida pela atribuição de uma nota de 1 a 4. Foi realizada análise do coeficiente de Spearman para relacionar intensidade dos transtornos e variáveis de caracterização, e teste qui quadrado de Pearson foi usado para relacionar grupos de trabalhadores aos transtornos. Resultados Ambas as categorias de portuários destacaram lombocitalgias (36,8% em terra e 28,1% a bordo) e tendinite (27,9% em terra e 31,3% a bordo de navio). Houve correlação estatística entre a idade e tempo de trabalho com a intensidade dos adoecimentos. Conclusão A autorreferência de adoecimentos ressaltou doenças lombares e tendinosas que inferiram causalidade às doenças autorreferidas, cuja clínica deve integrar o processamento do raciocínio clínico da enfermagem.
La Pedagogía por Proyectos de Aula: una alternativa para enseñar castellano escrito a niños y niñas de primer ciclo
Authors: Soriano Lyda Solange Prieto
Published: July 2016

Resumen: En este documento se presenta el análisis de la intervención educativa llevada a cabo en estudiantes sordos del ciclo 1 del Colegio Federico García Lorca, Institución Educativa de carácter oficial de la ciudad de Bogotá. La propuesta de intervención surgió de la necesidad de documentar el trabajo realizado con los escolares con limitación auditiva en la enseñanza del castellano como su segunda lengua, debido a que en el país no se cuenta con investigaciones que den cuenta de dicho proceso. Este documento no pretende ser un recetario de cómo se debe iniciar el proceso de lectura y escritura del castellano en los niños y niñas sordos, por el contrario, presenta unas sugerencias didácticas que pueden ser de gran utilidad para los docentes que se aventuren en esa ardua tarea.
Ética na pesquisa com crianças: ausências e desafios
Authors: FERNANDES NATÁLIA
Published: July 2016

RESUMO Valendo-se da sociologia da infância, o texto discute as questões da infância, da pesquisa e da ética que devem enformar todos os procedimentos desencadeados no processo de pesquisa com crianças. Será inicialmente apresentado o estado da arte acerca das discussões que têm caraterizado esse debate, que, sendo recente, conta com uma significativa reflexão. Apresentamos, ainda, alguns desafios que são fundamentais serem enfrentados para que se consiga uma ética viável na investigação com crianças, que passam pela indispensabilidade de se pensar as questões de poder que se estabelecem entre adultos e crianças; que passam também pelo enfrentamento do desafio que decorre das hierarquias protocolares e a maneira como estas podem contribuir para a invisibilidade epistemológica das crianças na pesquisa; que passam, finalmente, por um questionamento crítico relativamente à forma como é salvaguardada a autoria, quer de crianças, quer de adultos, na análise, interpretação e produção dos dados.
A Inclusão de Pessoas com Necessidades Especiais no Ensino Superior
Authors: OLIVEIRA Ronaldo Queiroz de , OLIVEIRA Silvana Maria Barros de , OLIVEIRA Natália Almeida de , TREZZA Maria Cristina Soares Figueiredo , RAMOS Iara Barbosa , FREITAS Daniel Antunes
Published: July 2016

RESUMO: trata-se de uma revisão integrativa que objetivou analisar a produção científica sobre a educação inclusiva no ensino superior. Os dados foram coletados nas bases de dados Lilacs, Scielo, Cochrane, Medline e PubMed, entre os anos 2005 e 2014, utilizando-se os descritores controlados Special Education, Education Higher, Mainstreaming Education e Disabled Personse e os descritores não controlados Educação Especial, Educação Superior, Inclusão Educacional e Pessoas com Deficiência; Educación Superior, Propensíon Educación, Personas com Discapacidad. A amostra constituiu em 16 artigos. As publicações sobre a educação inclusiva no ensino superior têm sido tênues, demonstrando que ainda há muito a avançar nesse assunto. Conclui-se que o tema educação inclusiva é mais estudado em relação às crianças; as atenções dos estudiosos em relação a pessoas adultas com necessidades especiais envolvem mais a assistência em saúde e não a educação inclusiva no ensino superior.
Cognitive impairment in migraine:A systematic review
Authors: Araújo Caroline Martins de , Barbosa Izabela Guimarães , Lemos Stela Maris Aguiar , Domingues Renan Barros , Teixeira Antonio Lucio
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT Patients with migraine often report cognitive complaints, especially regarding attention and memory. Objective: To perform a systematic review of the studies available on cognitive evaluation in patients with migraine. Methods: We evaluated all articles containing the key words: "Migraine", "Cognition" and "Cognitive Impairment." Results: The search strategy resulted in 23 articles. Fifteen out of the 23 studies (65.3%) retrieved reported abnormalities on neuropsychological tests in migraine patients, notably tests of memory, attention and information processing speed. Most of the studies showing cognitive changes in migraine were carried out in neurological care facilities. Conversely, among community-based studies, migraine patients were less likely to present cognitive changes. Conclusion: Patients with migraine, especially those followed at neurology clinics, show an elevated risk of mild changes in several cognitive domains. Further studies with greater methodological refinement are warranted in order to clearly establish whether this cognitive dysfunction is associated with an underlying migraine pathophysiological process.
Cognitive function and carotid stenosis: review of the literature
Authors: Dutra Aurélio Pimenta
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT Stroke is a known cause of cognitive impairment but the relationship between asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis and cognitive function is not clear. The main risk factors for vascular disease are also related to carotid stenosis and cognitive impairment. The association of high-grade stenosis of the internal carotid artery with cognitive impairment is related to silent embolization and hypoperfusion, but it may also be present without evidence of infarction on magnetic resonance imaging. Carotid stenosis treatment may lead to a decline in cognitive function due to complications related to the procedures (endarterectomy or stenting). On the other hand, reperfusion may improve cognitive impairment. The best treatment choice is unclear, considering possible deterioration of cognitive function related to carotid artery stenosis. There is insufficient evidence to consider cognitive impairment an important factor in determining the therapy for carotid stenosis.
NEUROPSI battery subtest profile in subcortical vascular dementia and Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Matioli Maria Niures P.S. , Caramelli Paulo
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of subtests of the NEUROPSI battery for differentiating subcortical vascular dementia (SVaD) from Alzheimer's disease (AD). Methods: Thirteen patients with mild SVaD, 15 patients with mild probable AD, and 30 healthy controls, matched for age, education and dementia severity (in the case of patients), were submitted to the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and NEUROPSI battery. The performance of AD and SVaD groups on NEUROPSI subtests was compared. The statistical analyses were performed using Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests. The results were interpreted at the 5% significance level (p<0.05). Bonferroni's correction was applied to multiple comparisons (a=0.02). Results: SVaD and AD patients showed no statistical difference in MMSE scores (SVaD=20.8 and AD=21.0; p=1.0) or in NEUROPSI total score (SVaD=65.0 and AD=64.3; p=0.56), suggesting a similar severity of dementia. The AD group performed worse on memory recall (<0.01) and SVaD group was worse in verbal fluency subtests (p=0.02). Conclusion: NEUROPSI's memory and language subtests can be an auxiliary tool for differentiating SVaD from AD.
CADASIL: case report
Authors: Silva Julio Cesar Vasconcelos da , Gasparetto Emerson L. , Engelhardt Eliasz
Published: July 2016

ABSTRACT Cerebral Autosomal Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a hereditary cerebral arteriopathy caused by mutations in the Notch-3 gene. The diagnosis is reached by skin biopsy revealing presence of granular osmiophílic material (GOM), and/or by genetic testing for Notch-3. We report a case of a 52-year-old man with recurrent transient ischemic attacks (TIA), migraine, in addition to progressive sensory, motor and cognitive impairment. He was submitted to a neuropsychological assessment with the CERAD (Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease) battery along with other tests, as well as neuroimaging and genetic analysis for Notch-3, confirming the diagnosis. Executive function, memory, language and important apraxic changes were found. Imaging studies suggested greater involvement in the frontal lobes and deep areas of the brain.
Inhibition of Bromodomain and Extraterminal Domain Family Proteins Ameliorates Experimental Renal Damage
Authors: Suarez-Alvarez Beatriz , Morgado-Pascual José Luis , Rayego-Mateos Sandra , Rodriguez Ramon M. , Rodrigues-Diez Raul , Cannata-Ortiz Pablo , Sanz Ana B. , Egido Jesus , Tharaux Pierre-Louis , Ortiz Alberto , Lopez-Larrea Carlos , Ruiz-Ortega Marta
Published: July 2016

Renal inflammation has a key role in the onset and progression of immune– and nonimmune–mediated renal diseases. Therefore, the search for novel anti–inflammatory pharmacologic targets is of great interest in renal pathology. JQ1, a small molecule inhibitor of bromodomain and extraterminal (BET) proteins, was previously found to preserve renal function in experimental polycystic kidney disease. We report here that JQ1–induced BET inhibition modulated the in vitro expression of genes involved in several biologic processes, including inflammation and immune responses. Gene silencing of BRD4, an important BET protein, and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that JQ1 alters the direct association of BRD4 with acetylated histone–packaged promoters and reduces the transcription of proinflammatory genes (IL-6, CCL-2, and CCL-5). In vivo, JQ1 abrogated experimental renal inflammation in murine models of unilateral ureteral obstruction, antimembrane basal GN, and infusion of Angiotensin II. Notably, JQ1 downregulated the expression of several genes controlled by the NF-κB pathway, a key inflammatory signaling pathway. The RelA NF-κB subunit is activated by acetylation of lysine 310. In damaged kidneys and cytokine–stimulated renal cells, JQ1 reduced the nuclear levels of RelA NF-κB. Additionally, JQ1 dampened the activation of the Th17 immune response in experimental renal damage. Our results show that inhibition of BET proteins reduces renal inflammation by several mechanisms: chromatin remodeling in promoter regions of specific genes, blockade of NF-κB pathway activation, and modulation of the Th17 immune response. These results suggest that inhibitors of BET proteins could have important therapeutic applications in inflammatory renal diseases.
Histerie en Perversie (deel I): Enkele teoretiese opmerkings oor slagofferskap binne traumadiskoerse
Authors: van den Berg C
Published: July 2016

In deel I van hierdie tweeledige studie word op slagofferskap as identiteitsmerker binne die konteks van traumadiskoerse gefokus. Die subjek se identiteitsvorming word vanuit 'n Lacaniaanse en Žižekiaanse perspektief omskryf en die "interpellasie" van die subjek as grondliggend tot laasgenoemde se oriëntasie binne die diskoers van die Simboliese Orde beoordeel. Histerie en perversie verteenwoordig twee reaksies van die subjek op enige toegeskrewe identiteit en indien identiteit aan slagofferskap gekoppel word, dus ook twee reaksies hierop. Waar die subjek met 'n histeriese reaksie die slagoffersidentiteit problematiseer, behels 'n perverse reaksie juis die totale verinnerliking daarvan. Deur na LaCapra se onderskeid tussen strukturele en historiese trauma te verwys, kan die verhouding tussen hierdie traumaregisters gebruik word om histerie en perversie in terme van slagofferskap toe te lig. Vervloei die twee met mekaar word 'n perverse reaksie ontlok; word die onderskeid gehandhaaf, is die reaksie eerder histeries. Die hipotese wat volg is dat die universalisering van trauma en slagofferskap in 'n hedendaagse tydsgewrig 'n klemverskuiwing vanaf histerie na perversie fasiliteer.
Deiktiese patrone in die verfilming van J.M. Coetzee se Disgrace (2008). Deel 1
Authors: van Coller H , van Jaarsveld A
Published: July 2016

In hierdie artikel word J.M. Coetzee se bekende roman Disgrace (1999) eerstens ontleed en daarna word ook die verfilming daarvan in 2008, onder die loep geneem. Coetzee self het in sy werk uit 1988, White Writing, gesaghebbend geskryf oor die Afrikaanse plaasroman en ook oor die romans van C.M. van den Heever, 'n seminale skrywer binne hierdie sub-genre. Sentrale begrippe binne die Afrikaanse plaasroman is erfopvolging, wat daarvan uitgaan dat die plaas 'n onvervreembare ruimte is wat deur erfopvolging oorgaan van vader na seun (Coetzee praat van lineal consciousness), die oorheersing van patriargale waardes en die plaas as idilliese ruimte, maar ook as hiërargies gestruktureerd met die eienaar as Middeleeuse lyfheer en al die lyfeienes op feodale wyse as onderhoriges: bywoners én arbeiders. Daar word in hierdie studie uitgegaan van verskeie hipotetiese aannames: dat Coetzee in sy roman voorkennis verwag van sy leser (ook van die aard van die Afrikaanse plaasroman) en dat sy roman inderwaarheid 'n parodie van hierdie sub-genre is. Dit word teoreties verduidelik aan die hand van teorieë van onder meer Hall, Bourdieu en Even-Zohar. Voorts word die kinematografiese narratief teoreties belig en aangevoer dat kommunikasie deikties van aard is deurdat semiotiese tekens nie gedekodeer kan word sonder bepaalde voorkennis asook kontekstuele kennis nie. Vervolgens word die film Disgrace (2008) ontleed, maar veral dan as persiflage/parodie van die plaasnarratief. Hierdie film werk met vaste topoi van die plaasroman-genre: die patriargie, erfopvolging, sosiale stratifikasie (van spesifiek eienaar en bywoners), die opposisie: plaas/stad, en die belang van die ruimtelike, maar op duidelik parodiërende wyse.
Kapasiteitsbou van informele gemeenskapsgebaseerde organisasies in die Suid-Afrikaanse welsynsektor: Die bydrae deur gevestigde maatskaplike diensorganisasies
Authors: Boshoff S , Engelbrecht L
Published: July 2016

Ná twintig jaar van demokrasie is Suid-Afrika steeds 'n verdeelde samelewing met grootskaalse armoede en hoë vlakke van kwesbaarheid. Ontwikkeling van alle sektore van die samelewing word deur die Regering as oplossing gesien. Deur middel van die Departement Maatskaplike Ontwikkeling se finansieringsbeleid (Departement van Maatskaplike Ontwikkeling 2012a) plaas die Staat druk op gevestigde maatskaplike diensorganisasies om tot kapasiteitsbou van informele gemeenskapsgebaseerde organisasies by te dra. Die doel van hierdie artikel is om begrip te ontwikkel vir die bydrae van gevestigde maatskaplike diensorganisasies tot die kapasiteitsbou van informele gemeenskapsgebaseerde organisasies (voortaan in hierdie artikel na verwys as "IGO's") ten einde grondige bevindinge en aanbevelings daarvoor te kan maak. Om hierdie doel te bereik, word die agtergrond van die onderwerp in meer detail belig, word die navorsingsmetodologie wat gevolg is, verduidelik en word die bevindinge aangebied deur middel van 'n geïntegreerde sintese van deelnemers se beskrywings van gevestigde organisasies en IGO's, hulle beskouings van suksesse behaal en hulle reflektering van verdere uitdagings in kapasiteitsboupogings.
Editorial
Authors: Costa e Silva Margot Riemann , Vieira Jeferson De Castro
Published: July 2016

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O Mundo Rural na Literatura Regional de Goiás e Tocantins
Authors: De Oliveira Antonio Miranda
Published: July 2016

Resumo: o artigo objetiva apresentar o mundo rural do estado do Tocantins apartir do olhar de autores clássicos da literatura goiana e tocantinense: Hugo deCarvalho Ramos, Bernardo Élis, Carmo Bernardes, Bariani Ortêncio, Eli Brasiliensee Moura Lima. Não há pretensão de fazer uma hermenêutica de cada autore de suas obras, mas apresentar elementos chaves da constituição da realidadeespecífica do camponês tocantinense a partir da produção literária. Incialmenteo texto define e caracteriza o que vem a ser o sistema de poder do coronelismo,na sequência são trabalhados aspectos do mundo rural goiano e tocantinense talcomo retratado pelos autores da literatura regional. Nas considerações finais,aponta-se que o avanço do capitalismo no campo não eliminou as característicasseculares da exploração do camponês, apenas agregou novos contornos.Palavras-chave: Campesinato. literatura regional. coronelismo.
O Processo de Ocupação do Solo Urbano e a Política Habitacional em Goiânia/Goiás (1933-2010)
Authors: De Oliveira Eliane Alves , Costa e Silva Margot Riemann
Published: July 2016

Resumo: este artigo tem como tema a ocupação do solo urbano em Goiânia desdea fundação da cidade em 1933 até 2010, e a produção de Habitação de InteresseSocial (HIS) em Goiânia executadas pela Secretaria Municipal da Habitação,SMHAB, e da Agencia Goiana de Habitação, AGEHAB. Um compilação inédita detodos os residenciais criados de 1974 até 2012 completa o trabalho.Palavras-chave: Política de habitação. Habitação de interesse social.
Avaliação do Cumprimento dos Critérios Técnicos, Contidos na NBR-10157/87, no Aterro da Cidade de Anápolis/GO com a Utilização de Geotecnologias
Authors: De Brito Alessandro Alves , Macedo Marina Alberti , Nunes Filhos Onaldo José , De Oliveira Anna Luiza Garção , Pasqualetto Antônio
Published: July 2016

Resumo: este artigo apresenta o nível de atendimento à NBR-10.157/87, na implantação do Aterro Sanitário da cidade de Anápolis-GO. Utilizou-se ferramentasde geotecnologia para modelamento, agrupamento e disposição de dados objetivando a tomada de decisão quanto à aplicação à norma pertinente. Com base nos resultados obtidos pôde-se concluir que a maioria dos itens dispostos na normaforam atendidos, com exceção a três itens: 1) Proximidade a núcleos residenciaisurbanos; 2) Distância para lençol freático; 3) Extensão da bacia de drenagem.Estes itens não puderam ser avaliados pela ausência de dados.Palavras-chave: Resíduos Sólidos Urbanos. Geotecnologias. Aterro Sanitário.
O Estado e o Campo no Brasil 1930-1964
Authors: Pietrafesa José Paulo
Published: July 2016

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Modificação de Déficits-Excessos nas Respostas Afetivo-Sociais: Intervenção Necessária à Competência Social
Authors: Magri Maíra Ribeiro , Bueno Gina Nolêto
Published: July 2016

Resumo: este estudo objetivou identificar, a partir de procedimentos da Análise do Comportamento, déficits e excessos comportamentais nas relações sociais-afetivas-acadêmicas e intervir nesses padrões comportamentais para instalar classes de comportamentos alternativos visando consequências mais reforçadoras a participante. Foi aplicado um delineamento AB, seguido por follow-up. Os resultados apontaram alcance parcial dos objetivos. Porém, os procedimentos de intervenção parecem ter sido eficientes. Palavras-chave: Déficits e excessos comportamentais. Competências afetivas e sociais. Análise do comportamento.
Gerenciamento Sustentável dos Resíduos da Construção e Demolição
Authors: De Moraes Augusto Hilário , Baldani Carolina Soares , Amancio Fernando Ferreira Vargas , Ferraz Guilherme Lobato Ferreira , Dos Santos Nicali Bleyer
Published: July 2016

Resumo: a construção civil está em constante crescimento e juntamente com ela a produção dos resíduos gerados por este setor. Um dos grandes problemas encontrados é a falta de um gerenciamento sustentável para os resíduos da construção civil. Portanto, se faz necessário uma gestão que direcione a disposição correta destes resíduos e coloque em prática maneiras de reciclagem e reutilização. Para isto, foi realizado um estudo descritivo do tipo analítico através de dados secundários de referencia bibliográfica. No qual, o presente artigo expõe a problemática gerada por estes resíduos e as possibilidades de redução, reciclagem e reuso destes resíduos e sua correta destinação final. Além de apresentar as principais leis e normativas existentes que abordam este assunto. Palavras-chave: Construção Civil. Resíduos. Impactos. Gerenciamento Sustentável. Reciclagem.
Escola de Formação da Juventude: diversidade, trajetória, transformação e percurso de paz
Authors: Duarte José Fernando
Published: July 2016

Resumo: este artigo registra e problematiza a experiência da Escola de Formação da Juventude, vinculada ao Instituto Dom Fernando da PUC Goiás. Analisa-se a trajetória dos últimos anos no campo da garantia e cumprimento dos direitos de adolescentes e jovens da região leste de Goiânia, que encontram-se em situação de vulnerabilidade social, baixo poder aquisitivo e dificuldades de custear sua formação profissional. Palavras-chave: Juventude. Formação. Protagonismo.
Damage evaluations of oven-dried mortar subjected to one-directional fire
Authors: Rongviriyapanich Onnicha , Sato Yasuhiko , Pansuk Withit
Published: July 2016

Concrete structures can be damaged by various factors in extreme service conditions. Analytical methods that can predict the strength of structural concrete after exposure to fire are needed to facilitate decisions regarding whether to repair, strengthen, or demolish fire-damaged buildings. However, appropriate and widely applicable material models have not yet been proposed. This paper presents an experimental study in which we assess damage, including changes in flexural strength, porosity and residual cement hydrates, to oven-dried mortar that has been fired and immediately cooled in the air. Mortars were made from calcareous and siliceous aggregates, and one face of each specimen (100×100×400 mm) was exposed to fire curves of ISO 834 and ASTM E119. Specimens for quantitative assessment were hewed to ten layers from the originalspecimens. Experimental results indicate that the in-depth flexural strength of a thin specimen is substantially diminished by fire exposure, especially for specimens with existing fire cracks. In addition to the loss in strength, changes in porosity and chemical properties occur. Based on the experimental evidence obtained from this study, the relationships between each property are discussed.
Estimation of concrete characteristic strength from limited data by bootstrap
Authors: Dauji Saha , Bhargava Kapilesh
Published: July 2016

Compared to point estimate, interval estimate of compressive strength of concrete from limited test data would give a better confidence on the evaluated statistics, which can be obtained with Normal approximation theory. In this study, a non-parametric methodology based on bootstrap re-sampling for interval estimate was found to be more suitable. Optimal numbers of bootstrap samples and optimal number of data in each bootstrap sample in such analysis demand attention. Using cube test results, these aspects of bootstrap re-sampling as applied to interval estimate from concrete test data are investigated in this paper. It isrecommended that for evaluation of mean or standard deviation of concrete compressive strength, optimum number of bootstrap samples should be between 1,000 and 2,000 with equal to or more than 25 data in each sample. The corresponding numbers for estimation of characteristic strength of concrete was advocated as 4,000 to 5,000 bootstrap samples, each of 30 or more data. Normal approximation theory might yield slightly higher estimate of characteristic strength, which could be detrimental in case of health evaluation or safety margin assessment of important existing structures.
SPRINT and Implications for Target Organ Protection in African Americans
Authors: Wright Jackson T. , Fine Lawrence J.
Published: July 2016

Ethn Dis. 2016;26(3):271-274; doi:10.18865/ed.26.3.271
Hypertension and Migraine in the Northern Manhattan Study
Authors: Gardener Hannah , Monteith Teshamae , Rundek Tatjana , Wright Clinton B. , Elkind Mitchell S.V. , Sacco Ralph L.
Published: July 2016

Objective: To investigate the association between migraine and hypertension in the Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS), a multiethnic community-based sample. 

Design: Cross-sectional cohort study. 

Participants:1338 NOMAS participants (mean age 68.1±9.6 years, 37% male, 15% non-Hispanic White, 19% non-Hispanic Black, 67% Hispanic). 

Setting: Northern Manhattan community. 

Intervention: Participants were assessed for migraine symptoms using a self-report questionnaire based on criteria from the International Classification of Headache Disorders. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure ≥140/90 mm Hg, the patient’s self-reported hypertension, or use of anti-hypertensive medications. Duration (≤9 years vs >9 years) and control (BP<140/90) of hypertension were examined. We estimated the association between hypertension and migraine (overall and with/without aura) using logistic regression, adjusting for sociodemographic and vascular risk factors. 

Results: The majority of participants (80%) had no migraine, 6% had migraine with aura, and 15% had migraine without aura. Hypertension was present in 76% of the study population (7% had controlled hypertension ≤9 years duration, 5% controlled hypertension >9 years duration, 41% uncontrolled hypertension ≤9 years duration, 23% uncontrolled hypertension >9 years duration). Hypertension was associated with migraine (OR: 1.76, 95% CI: 1.21-2.54), both with and without aura. This association was particularly apparent for those with uncontrolled and long duration hypertension. 

Conclusion: Hypertension, particularly uncontrolled and of long duration, is associated with migraine, both with and without aura, in a predominantly Hispanic community-based cohort. Ethn Dis. 2016;26(3):323-330; doi:10.18865/ed.26.3.323 
Heart Failure Hospitalization by Race/Ethnicity, Gender and Age in California: Implications for Prevention
Authors: Husaini Baqar A. , Levine Robert S. , Norris Keith C. , Cain Van , Bazargan Mohsen , Moonis Majaz
Published: July 2016

Objective: We examined variation in rates of hospitalization, risk factors, and costs by race/ethnicity, gender and age among heart failure (HF) patients. 

Methods: We analyzed California hospital discharge data for patients in 2007 (n=58,544) and 2010 (n=57,219) with a primary diagnosis of HF (ICD-9 codes: 402, 404, 428). HF cases included African Americans (Blacks; 14%), Hispanic/Latinos (21%), and non-Hispanic Whites (65%). Age-adjusted prevalence rates per 100,000 US population were computed per CDC methodology. 

Results: Four major trends emerged: 1) Overall HF rates declined by 7.7% from 284.7 in 2007 to 262.8 in 2010; despite the decline, the rates for males and Blacks remained higher compared with others in both years; 2) while rates for Blacks (aged ≤54) were 6 times higher compared with same age Whites, rates for Hispanics were higher than Whites in the middle age category; 3) risk factors for HF included hypertension, chronic heart disease, chronic kidney disease, atrial fibrillation, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; and 4) submitted hospitalization costs were higher for males, Blacks, and younger patients compared with other groups. 

Conclusion: Health inequality in HF persists as hospitalization rates for Blacks remain higher compared with Whites and Hispanics. These findings reinforce the need to determine whether increased access to providers, or implementing proven hypertension and diabetes preventive programs among minorities might reduce subsequent hospitalization for HF in these populations. Ethn Dis. 2016;26(3):345-354; doi:10.18865/ed.26.3.345 
Capacity-Building for Career Paths in Public Health and Biomedical Research for Undergraduate Minority Students: A Jackson Heart Study Success Model
Authors: White Wendy Brown , Srinivasan Asoka , Nelson Cheryl , Fahmy Nimr , Henderson Frances
Published: July 2016

Objective: This article chronicles the building of individual student capacity as well as faculty and institutional capacity, within the context of a population-based, longitudinal study of African Americans and cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this article is to present preliminary data documenting the results of this approach. 

Design: The JHS Scholars program is designed, under the organizational structure of the Natural Sciences Division at Tougaloo College, to provide solid preparation in quantitative skills through: good preparation in mathematics and the sciences; a high level of reading comprehension; hands-on learning experiences; and mentoring and counseling to sustain the motivation of the students to pursue further studies. 

Setting: This program is on the campus of a private Historically Black College in Mississippi. 

Participants: The participants in the program are undergraduate students. 

Main Outcome Measures: Data, which included information on major area of study, institution attended, degrees earned and position in the workforce, were analyzed using STATA 14. 

Results: Of 167 scholars, 46 are currently enrolled, while 118 have graduated. One half have completed graduate or professional programs, including; medicine, public health, pharmacy, nursing, and biomedical science; approximately one-fourth (25.4 %) are enrolled in graduate or professional programs; and nearly one tenth (9.3%) completed graduate degrees in law, education, business or English. 

Conclusions: These data could assist other institutions in understanding the career development process that helps underrepresented minority students in higher education to make career choices on a path toward public health, health professions, biomedical research, and related careers. Ethn Dis. 2016;26(3):399-406; doi:10.18865/ed.26.3.399 
Awareness Campaign for the Early Detection of Growth Disorders in Public School Children in North Lebanon
Authors: Hayek Femia , Berro Bouchra , Fayad Wissam
Published: July 2016

Objectives: To detect and screen growth anomaly among children in North Lebanon, raise awareness on the importance of regular height check, and establish recommendations for the authorities. 

Design: 18-month campaign. 

Setting: 230 public schools in North Lebanon. 

Participants: 41,347 children, aged 5-15 years. 

Interventions: Weight was measured using a standardized stadiometer and compared with French curves of height-for-age. Awareness was raised by promoting early detection of growth disorders in Lebanon. The follow-up phase was intended to secure referral and treatment of the detected short stature children. 

Main outcome measures: Age, sex, height, societal issues. 

Results: 40,023 students were recruited from 228 schools; of these, 63.7% of the screened children were aged 5-10 years. Four percent (1,631 children) of the screened population presented short stature, of whom 50% were aged 5-10 years and 41% were more severely affected and referred to specialists; 59% were first directed to the school physician/pediatrician. The follow-up phase was not achieved because of the patients’ low socioeconomic level. We also found that many children were too old for the attended level at school, mainly because of low socioeconomic levels and educational backwardness. 

Conclusions: Our screening campaign confirms the need for more awareness on the importance of early detection of growth retardation in Lebanon. It highlights the need for making efforts to reduce poverty and its consequences in North Lebanon. Our future goal is to expand our campaign throughout Lebanon and cooperate with health authorities to lower the cost of work-up on the patient. Ethn Dis. 2016;26(3):417-426; doi:10.18865/ed.26.3.417 
Racial and Insurance Status Disparities in Patient Safety Indicators among Hospitalized Patients
Authors: Shen Jay J. , Cochran Christopher R. , Mazurenko Olena , Moseley Charles B. , Shan Guogen , Mukalian Robin , Neishi Scott
Published: July 2016

Objective: To examine the association between patient race/ethnicity, insurance status, and their interaction with patient safety indicators among hospitalized patients. 

Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were extracted from the 2009 National Inpatient Sample. A total of 3,052,268 patient safety indicator-related discharges were identified. Dependent variables were 11 patient safety indicators (PSI) whereas independent variables included race/ethnicity and insurance status. 

Results: As compared with White patients, African American patients were more likely to experience pressure ulcer, postoperative hemorrhage or hematoma, and post-operative pulmonary embolism (PE) or deep vein thrombosis (DVE); Asian/Pacific Islander patients were more likely to experience pressure ulcer, post-operative PE or DVT, and two obstetric care PSIs; whereas Hispanic/Latino patients were more likely to experience post-operative physiometabolic derangement and accidental puncture/ laceration. As compared with patients with private insurance, Medicaid patients were more likely to experience pressure ulcer, post-operative physiological metabolic derangement, post-operative PE or DVT, post-operative respiratory failure, post-operative wound dehiscence, and death among surgeries. However, both obstetric care PSIs showed that African Americans, Hispanics, and uninsured patients were less likely to incur them in comparison with their respective counterparts. Furthermore, strong interactive effects between African American and Medicaid on PSIs were detected. 

Conclusions: Although mixed findings in disparities in PSIs were observed in our study, Asian/Pacific Islander patients and Medicaid patients seem to be the most vulnerable. Further, interactive effects between African American and Medicaid indicate that poverty may be a key factor related to disparities in health care. Future research is merited to identify underlying factors that are related to PSIs among Asian/Pacific Islander patients. Strategies are needed to improve PSIs among Medicaid patients, especially during the current Medicaid program expansion due to the implementation of the Affordable Care Act. Ethn Dis. 2016; 26(3):443-452; doi:10.18865/ed.26.3.443 