bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Knowledge graph-enhanced molecular contrastive learning with functional prompt
Authors: Fang Yin , Zhang Qiang , Zhang Ningyu , Chen Zhuo , Zhuang Xiang , Shao Xin , Fan Xiaohui , Chen Huajun
Published: May 2023

Deep learning models can accurately predict molecular properties and help making the search for potential drug candidates faster and more efficient. Many existing methods are purely data driven, focusing on exploiting the intrinsic topology and construction rules of molecules without any chemical prior information. The high data dependency makes them difficult to generalize to a wider chemical space and leads to a lack of interpretability of predictions. Here, to address this issue, we introduce a chemical element-oriented knowledge graph to summarize the basic knowledge of elements and their closely related functional groups. We further propose a method for knowledge graph-enhanced molecular contrastive learning with functional prompt (KANO), exploiting external fundamental domain knowledge in both pre-training and fine-tuning. Specifically, with element-oriented knowledge graph as a prior, we first design an element-guided graph augmentation in contrastive-based pre-training to explore microscopic atomic associations without violating molecular semantics. Then, we learn functional prompts in fine-tuning to evoke the downstream task-related knowledge acquired by the pre-trained model. Extensive experiments show that KANO outperforms state-of-the-art baselines on 14 molecular property prediction datasets and provides chemically sound explanations for its predictions. This work contributes to more efficient drug design by offering a high-quality knowledge prior, interpretable molecular representation and superior prediction performance.
Optical properties of Li-patterned graphene via a self-assembling molecular network
Authors: Abbasian Hamed
Published: May 2023

Assembly pattern of Li atoms on graphene can affect its optical properties.
Development and application of a data processing method for food metabolomics analysis
Authors: Lei Yuanluo , Chen Xiaoying , Shi Jiachen , Liu Yuanfa , Xu Yong-Jiang
Published: May 2023

Development and application of a data analysis method for food metabolomics for automating the process of analyzing the mass spectrometry data and maintaining a high level of correctness while significantly reducing the number of possible compounds.
Insight into polymorphism and dynamics of aripiprazole
Authors: Osiecka-Drewniak Natalia , Deptuch Aleksandra , Juszyńska-Gałązka Ewa , Jasiurkowska-Delaporte Małgorzata , Baran Stanisław , Dziuba Aleksandra
Published: May 2023

Aripiprazole polymorphism was studied and discussed using various methods: X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, polarized optical microscopy observation and broadband dielectric spectroscopy.
Anionic nickel and nitrogen effects in the chiral antiferromagnetic antiperovskite Mn3NiN
Authors: Triana-Ramírez E. , Ibarra-Hernandez W. , Garcia-Castro A. C.
Published: May 2023

Here, we show a theoretical study on the electronic properties associated with the nitrogen site effects on the structural, electronic, magnetic, and topological degrees of freedom and the appearance of a negative oxidation state in nickel in antiperovskites.
Dynamics study of the post-transition-state-bifurcation process of the (HCOOH)H+ → CO + H3O+/HCO+ + H2O dissociation: application of machine-learning techniques
Authors: Murakami Tatsuhiro , Ibuki Shunichi , Hashimoto Yu , Kikuma Yuya , Takayanagi Toshiyuki
Published: May 2023

The process of protonated formic acid dissociating from the transition state was studied using ring-polymer molecular dynamics (RPMD), classical MD, quasi-classical trajectory (QCT) simulations, and machine-learning analysis.
Interpreting inorganic compositional depth profiles to understand the rate-limiting step in vapor phase infiltration processes
Authors: Balogun Shuaib A. , Ren Yi , Lively Ryan P. , Losego Mark D.
Published: May 2023

Combining a reaction–diffusion model with ex situ depth profiling measurements, new approaches are demonstrated for determining whether a vapor-phase infiltration treatment is a diffusion-limited or reaction-limited process.
Enhancing sound insulation of glass interlayer films by introducing piezoelectric fibers
Authors: Chen Donghe , Zheng Shuo , Jing Mingyu , Yu Zaiqian , Zhang Jiawei , Yu Longjiao , Sun Shulin , Wang Shiwei
Published: May 2023

Enhancing the sound insulation of glass interlayer film by introducing piezoelectric fibers.
Ultrafine Pt nanoparticle-decorated multi-folded two-dimensional nanosheets for efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution
Authors: Peng Yidan , Shen Luping , Li Haiyan , He Hongwei , Cai An , Zhang Fengbao , Fan Xiaobin , Peng Wenchao , Li Yang
Published: May 2023

DA-Pt (1 : 1) exhibits enhanced HER in acidic media, owing to the abundant pore structure, uniformly dispersed ultra-small Pt NPs, and regulation of the electronic structure of Pt active sites by O in carbon supports.
Enhanced solar absorption and photoelectrochemical properties of Al-reduced TiO2/TiO2−x/CdS heterojunction nanorods
Authors: Li Xiao , Hou Jingshan , Wang Jing , Huang Yanwei , Zhao Guoying , Zhang Ganghua , Fang Yongzheng
Published: May 2023

TiO2/TiO2−x/CdS heterojunction nanorods with high PEC performance were successfully prepared by combining hydrothermal synthesis, Al-reduction and CBD techniques.
Finding activity through rigidity: syntheses of natural products containing tricyclic bridgehead carbon centers
Authors: Xu Zhi , Li Xin , Rose John A. , Herzon Seth B.
Published: May 2023

This review summarizes the syntheses of ten representative families of natural products that contain tricyclic bridgehead carbon centers (TBCCs). We organize the approaches around the five strategies shown to aid future synthetic endeavors.
Fe3N-decorated porous carbon frameworks from wheat flour with dual enzyme-mimicking activities for organic pollutant degradation
Authors: Fang Qi , Liu Quanyi , Zhang Yu , Du Yan
Published: May 2023

Fe3N decorated on porous carbon frameworksviaa one-step pyrolysis exhibited outstanding dual enzyme-mimicking activities for organic pollutant degradation and excess H2O2removal without consuming additional resources and energy.
The nanostructure of polyelectrolyte complexes of QPDMAEMA-b-POEGMA copolymers and oppositely charged polyelectrolytes, and their stability in the presence of serum albumin
Authors: Rappoport Sapir , Chrysostomou Varvara , Pispas Stergios , Talmon Yeshayahu
Published: May 2023

Different projections of hexagonal structures of QPDMAEMA-b-POEGMA/DNA complexes CR = 10 with a spacing of 3 nm, as shown in FFTs.
A perspective on catalytic production of olefinic compounds from biomass
Authors: Nakagawa Yoshinao , Yabushita Mizuho , Tomishige Keiichi
Published: May 2023

Key reactions and possible biomass resources for the synthesis of industrially important unsaturated compounds are summarized.
Electrospun TiO2/carbon composite nanofibers as effective (photo)electrodes for removal and transformation of recalcitrant water contaminants
Authors: Butzlaff Ashley Hesterberg , Jensen Madeline , Yan Chenxu , Ghanim Abdulsattar , Werth Charles , Cwiertny David , Mubeen Syed
Published: May 2023

Electrochemical (EC) and photoelectrochemical (PEC) water treatment systems are gaining popularity, necessitating new electrode materials that offer reliable performance across diverse application platforms.
Recent advances in electrospun fibers based on transition metal oxides for supercapacitor applications: a review
Authors: Pullanchiyodan Abhilash , Joy Roshny , Sreeram Pranav , Raphael Leya Rose , Das Akhila , Balakrishnan Neethu T. M. , Ahn Jou-Hyon , Vlad Alexandru , Sreejith Sivaramapanicker , Raghavan Prasanth
Published: May 2023

Recent advances in the role of electrospun nanofibers based on transition metal oxides in advanced supercapacitor applications, its challenges and progress towards the future “zero emission electric era” are highlighted in this review.
The biochemistry and physiology of long-chain dicarboxylic acid metabolism
Authors: Ranea-Robles Pablo , Houten Sander M.
Published: May 2023

Mitochondrial β-oxidation is the most prominent pathway for fatty acid oxidation but alternative oxidative metabolism exists. Fatty acid ω-oxidation is one of these pathways and forms dicarboxylic acids as products. These dicarboxylic acids are metabolized through peroxisomal β-oxidation representing an alternative pathway, which could potentially limit the toxic effects of fatty acid accumulation. Although dicarboxylic acid metabolism is highly active in liver and kidney, its role in physiology has not been explored in depth. In this review, we summarize the biochemical mechanism of the formation and degradation of dicarboxylic acids through ω- and β-oxidation, respectively. We will discuss the role of dicarboxylic acids in different (patho)physiological states with a particular focus on the role of the intermediates and products generated through peroxisomal β-oxidation. This review is expected to increase the understanding of dicarboxylic acid metabolism and spark future research.
Study on Hopf bifurcation types and dominant parameters of grid‐connected voltage source converter considering non‐linear saturation elements
Authors: Xu Yanhui , Cheng Yundan , Liu Hui , Zheng Le
Published: May 2023

Subsynchronous oscillation events of grid‐connected voltage source converter (VSC) pose a potential risk to the security and stability of power systems. It is particularly challenging to reveal the subsynchronous oscillation mechanism precisely because the grid‐connected VSC consists of non‐linear components such as saturation. The describing function and the generalized Nyquist criterion are used in this paper to investigate the bifurcation types and dominant parameters of grid‐connected VSC. First, the condition of a supercritical Hopf bifurcation is investigated, which generates subsynchronous oscillations. Then, the dominant parameters of supercritical Hopf bifurcation are deduced, including the grid strength, the active power reference, or the proportional coefficient of phase‐locked loop. Finally, it is examined how the saturation's limit value impacts the limit cycle's amplitude and stability. The findings demonstrate that a system's stability depends on whether its closed‐loop frequency characteristic curve intersects the describing function's negative reciprocal curve. When the two curves intersect, the supercritical Hopf bifurcation appears, and changing the limit value can affect the limit cycle's amplitude. However, if the two curves do not intersect, altering the limit value cannot cause the supercritical Hopf bifurcation, and the subsynchronous oscillation will not happen. Variations in grid strength, active power reference, or proportional coefficient of phase‐locked loop will significantly affect the Nyquist curve, determining if supercritical Hopf bifurcation appears.
A novel scheme based on information theory and transfer learning for multi classes motor imagery decoding
Authors: Parchami Jaber , Sarbishaei Ghazaleh
Published: May 2023

The most important challenges of classifying Motor Imagery tasks based on the EEG signal are low signal‐to‐noise ratio, non‐stationarity, and the high subject dependence of the EEG signal. In this study, a framework for multi‐class decoding of Motor Imagery signals is presented. This framework is based on information theory and hybrid deep learning along with transfer learning. In this study, the OVR‐FBDiv method, which is based on the symmetric Kullback—Leibler divergence, is used to differentiate between features of different classes and highlight them. Then, the mRMR algorithm is used to select the most distinctive features obtained from the filters of symmetric KL divergence. Finally, a hybrid deep neural network consisting of CNN and LSTM is used to learn the spatial and temporal features of the EEG signal along with the transfer learning technique to overcome the problem of subject dependence in EEG signals. The average value of Kappa for the classification of 4‐class Motor Imagery data on BCI competition IV dataset 2a by the proposed method is 0.84. Also, the proposed method is compared with other state‐of‐the‐art methods.
EI Eridani: A star under the influence
Authors: Kriskovics L. , Kővári Zs. , Seli B. , Oláh K. , Vida K. , Henry G. W. , Granzer T. , Görgei A.
Published: May 2023

Context.Homogeneous photometric time series spanning decades provide a unique opportunity to study the long-term cyclic behavior of active spotted stars such as our target EI Eridani. In addition, with ultraprecise space photometry data, it is possible to investigate the accompanying flare activity in detail. However, the rotation period of ≈2 days for EI Eri makes it impossible to achieve time-resolved surface images from a single ground-based observing site. Therefore, for this purpose, spectroscopic data from a multi-site observing campaign are needed.

Aims.We use our photometric time series of more than 40 yr to analyze the long-term behavior of EI Eri. We investigate flare activity using photometric data obtained with the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). The MUlti-SIte Continuous Spectroscopy (MUSICOS) campaign in 1998 was designed to achieve high-resolution, multi-wavelength spectroscopic observations from many sites around the globe, which meant that uninterrupted phase coverage of EI Eri became available. We use these data to reconstruct successive surface-temperature maps of the star in order to study the changes of starspots on a very short timescale.

Methods.We used long-term seasonal period analysis of our photometric time series to study changes in the rotational period. We also applied short-term Fourier-transform to look for activity cycle-like changes. We also studied the phase and frequency distribution of hand-selected flares. We applied our multi-line Doppler imaging code to reconstruct four consecutive Doppler images. These images were also used to measure surface differential rotation with our cross-correlation technique. In addition, we carried out tests to demonstrate how Doppler imaging is affected by the fact that the data came from several different instruments with different spectral resolutions.

Results.Seasonal period analysis of the light curve reveals a smooth, significant change in period, possibly indicating the evolution of active latitudes. Temperature curves fromB−VandV−Ishow slight differences, indicating the activity of EI Eri is spot dominated. Short-term Fourier transform reveals smoothly changing cycles of between 4.5 and 5.5 yr and of between 8.9 and 11.6 yr. The time-resolved spotted surface of EI Eri from Doppler imaging enabled us to follow the evolution of the different surface features. Cross-correlating the consecutive Doppler maps reveals surface shear ofα= 0.036 ± 0.007. Our tests validate our approach and show that the surface-temperature distribution is adequately reconstructed by our method. The tests also indicate how accurately the cross-correlation method can reproduce the surface shear as a function of the spectral resolution.
Properties of the dense cores and filamentary structures in the Vela C molecular cloud
Authors: Li Xue-Mei , Zhang Guo-Yin , Men’shchikov Alexander , Li Jin-Zeng , Zhang Chang , Wu Zhong-Zu
Published: May 2023

The initial and boundary conditions of the Galactic star formation in molecular clouds are not well understood. In an effort to shed new light on this long-standing problem, we measured the properties of dense cores and filamentary structures in the Vela C molecular cloud, observed with Herschel. We used the hires algorithm to create high-resolution surface densities (11.7″) from the Herschel multiwavelength dust continuum. We applied the getsf extraction method to separate the components of sources and filaments from each other and their backgrounds before detecting, measuring, and cataloging the structures. The cores and filamentary structures constitute 40% of the total mass of Vela C; most of the material is in the low-density molecular background cloud. We selected 570 reliable cores, of which 149 are the protostellar cores and 421 are the starless cores. Almost 78% (329 of 421) of the starless cores were identified with the gravitationally bound prestellar cores. The exponent of the CMF (α = 1.35) is identical to that of the Salpeter IMF. The high-resolution surface density image helped us determine and subtract backgrounds and measure the sizes of the structures. We selected 68 filaments with at least one side that appeared not blended with adjacent structures. The filament widths are in the range from 0.15 pc to 0.63 pc, and have a median value of W = 0.3 ± 0.11 pc. The surface densities of filaments are well correlated with their contrasts and linear densities. Within uncertainties of the filament instability criterion, many filaments (39) may be both supercritical and subcritical. A large fraction of filaments (29), in which are found 94 prestellar cores, 83 protostellar cores, and only 1 unbound starless core, can definitely be considered supercritical. Taking into account the uncertainties, the supercritical filaments contain only prestellar and protostellar cores. Our findings support the idea that there is a direct relationship between the CMF and IMF and that filaments play a key role in the formation of prestellar cores, which is consistent with the previous Herschel results.
Risk evaluation of China’s coal mine production logistics system under coal supply assurance
Authors: Song Yujie , Wang Bo , Cao Le , Li Yun
Published: May 2023

In order to scientifically and rationally assess the safety condition of coal mine production logistics system, this paper establishes a risk assessment model of coal mine production logistics system based on BWM-Vague set. On the basis of reviewing a large amount of literature and combining the main contributing factors of coal mine production safety accidents in practice, a relatively complete set of safety evaluation index system for coal mine production and logistics system was established, including 4 primary indexes of personnel safety, machine and equipment safety, environmental safety and management safety, and 16 secondary indexes such as the proportion of professional and technical personnel, and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was applied to evaluate the index system. Firstly, the BWM assignment method is used to determine the weights of each index, after which Vague set theory is introduced and experts are invited to evaluate and score each index, and then the two are combined to determine the final comprehensive evaluation. Finally, the model was empirically tested in the context of a coal mine enterprise in Beijing, with a view to improving the safety of the production logistics system in coal mines.
Study on risk prevention and control of third-party construction damage of underground pressure pipelines
Authors: Han Xinxing
Published: May 2023

The utilization scale of underground pressure pipelines such as gas, heat and water supply pipelines is increasing, and pipeline accidents occur frequently, among which the third-party construction damage has become one of the main factors, so it is crucial to prevent and control the risk of third-party construction damage. This paper probes into the risk prevention and control measures for the third-party construction damage of underground pressure pipelines from four aspects of management, laws and regulations, science and technology and culture. The research results show that only by taking into account the standardized management, restriction of laws and regulations, scientific and technological support, and cultural publicity, can the third-party construction damage risks of underground pressure pipelines be effectively prevented and controlled.
Synthesis and modification of corncob-based carbon as high performance negative material for supercapacitor
Authors: Li Runping , Dong Zhiwei , Zhou Qihang
Published: May 2023

Porous carbons derived from agricultural waste biomass are ideal active materials for eco-friendly and low-cost supercapacitors electrode materials. However, the challenge remains to further functional modification of biomass-based carbon to achieve high specific capacitance. Herein, PPD-modified porous carbon (MPC) was synthesized by KOH soaking coupled with facile carbonization method of natural corncob and covalently graft of p-phenylenediamine. The MPC exhibits a high specific capacitance of 393 F·g-1 at a scan rate of 5mV·s-1 in a three electrode system in a 1 M KOH aqueous electrolyte solution. MPC was expected to become promising active materials for high performance negative electrode materials.
Research on Certification and Circulation Mode of Green Electricity Environmental Value Based on Blockchain
Authors: Li Ming , Zhang Wenyu , Yang Meng , Liu Hongyong , Ren Jie , Dai Jiageng , Yao Shuailiang
Published: May 2023

In the process of green power trading, green power reflects the value of electricity energy and green environment, and green certificates aim to reduce the pressure of new energy subsidies and guide the concept of green electricity consumption. In order to promote the integration of new energy through market-oriented mechanisms, ensure the basic income of new energy projects, reflect the environmental value of green electricity, promote the sustainable development of the new energy industry, and meet the needs of users for green electricity at the same time, this paper constructs a blockchain-based green electricity environmental value authentication and circulation method by using the characteristics of blockchain centralization, distributed ledger, consensus mechanism, and smart contract.
Research on Key Factors of the Life Cycle Carbon Emission for Battery Electric Vehicles
Authors: Yao Lixin , Ma Naifeng , Liu Bin , Shi Hong
Published: May 2023

With the ever increasing energy crisis and environmental issues globally in recent years, China is enhancing the processes of automobile electrification. Compared with traditional fuel vehicles, Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) has lower carbon emission level during the whole life cycle, which is one of important technical routes for the low-carbon development of the automotive industry. Based on the main influencing factors of carbon emission for BEVs, this paper focuses on the correlation between the five key factors and carbon emission, including vehicle mileage, power grid cleaning, energy consumption level, battery energy density and utilization rate of renewable materials, and proposes development suggestions for carbon reduction ways for BEVs.
Pumped Storage Hydropower: Technological Implementation, Environmental Consideration, and Potential Growth
Authors: Lou Eddie , Song Yijin , Geng Zihan , Zhao Yunxi
Published: May 2023

Hydropower is one of the dominating renewable energy sources of the modern era, generating around 17% of the world’s total electricity. Pumped storage hydropower in particular is rapidly growing within the industry, making it a topic of interest. This report will give an overview of the history of hydropower as a whole and specifically pumped storage, examine the physical principles and current technological implementations, and discuss the environmental and economic impacts. We have concluded that despite the seemingly long-term investment, pumped storage remains a reliable and necessary form of renewable energy.
PMo12 induced MoP as hydrogen evolution electrocatalysts
Authors: Hong Guohui , Li Jiao , Li Xiao , Su Zhongmin
Published: May 2023

In recent years, electrolytic water has become the mainstream method of producing hydrogen energy, in which the development of efficient electrocatalysts is particularly important. Herein, MoP@C was synthesized by simple hydrothermal following one-step calcination process. MoP@C shows excellent catalytic activity in acidic environment, requiring only a small overpotential (196 mV) at the current density of 10 mA cm-2 and exhibiting a small Tafel slope (91 mV dec-1). Meanwhile, MoP@C displays good stability within 24 hours. This work has a positive effect for the subsequent large-scale preparation of phosphides electrocatalysts.
Rapid Detection Technology for Performance and State of Li-ion Power Batteries
Authors: Wu Chengao , Cai Zhiduan , Chenwei Qin , Jiahao Shen
Published: May 2023

Power li-ion batteries are often used in fields such as electric vehicles due to their high energy density, long cycle life, and low self-discharge. To ensure safe, stable, and reliable operation of power li-ion batteries, accurate and effective detection of battery performance is crucial. Conventional detection methods of battery capacity, remaining life, and other battery performance parameters usually require complete charge-discharge cycle data, resulting in long detection times and low efficiency. Therefore, how to achieve rapid detection of battery performance has become a hot research topic with engineering demands. There have been certain research achievements in the rapid detection technology of power li-ion battery performance. This article elaborates on the significance of rapid detection of li-ion power battery performance, summarizes key technologies and technical characteristics related to rapid detection based on current research achievements, and provides reference to the rapid detection of li-ion power battery performance.
Mg-Doped high voltage LiCoO2 for high performance lithium-ion batteries
Authors: Li Pengyu , Wu Mengqiang , Wang Xun , Xu Caili
Published: May 2023

Further increasing the voltage is the most efficient means of acquisition to obtain lithium cobalt oxide with high specific capacity, but the irreversible phase transition of LiCoO2 at high voltage leads to poor electrochemical performance. In this paper, a 4.6V high voltage stable lithium cobalt oxide cathode material was achieved by simple high temperature solid-phase synthesis method doped with different contents of Mg elements. Under the condition of Mg content of 0.02, the specific capacity of discharge is 222.7 mAh/g at 0.5C, and the capacity retention rate is 93% after 50 cycles of 1C, showing good electrochemical performance.
Aspen plus Simulation and Analysis of Methanol Synthesis Process
Authors: Jiamin Sun , Chengcheng Yang , Lijing Zhang , Gang Tao
Published: May 2023

According to the actual situation of methanol production process, Aspen Plus software is used to build the methanol synthesis process flow model. The main and side reaction system is built in the model, which is realized by connecting the main and side reactors in series and setting the conversion rate of side reaction. Considering the model validation and process integrity, the methanol rectification system is connected in series on the basis of the methanol synthesis model, and the steady state simulation of the whole process is carried out. The methanol purity simulated is 99.74%, which shows that the model is reasonable. Through sensitivity analysis, the influence of feed flow change on the flow and purity of crude methanol and the influence of converter temperature change on the flow and purity of crude methanol were investigated. The relationship between the change of control parameters and the actual yield and equipment safety was preliminarily analyzed in order to provide reference and guidance for the development of methanol synthesis process.
Application of the reliability-centered maintenance techniques for dynamic equipment in the petrochemical ammonia-related systems
Authors: Wang Wei Hua , Bai Ning , Wang Lei , Liu Guang Kui , Qian Gong , Yang Xu
Published: May 2023

The reliability-centered maintenance (RCM) analysis method and the RCM implementation process for dynamic equipment in petrochemical ammonia-related systems were introduced. The operation situation, key roles, and potential risks were clarified through data analysis and system screening in ammonia dynamic equipment, and FMEA was used to analyze the failure mode. Then the risk of each failure mode was managed hierarchically, a suitable risk assessment standard and risk matrix were developed for the enterprise, and a suitable maintenance strategy was formulated for the risk level of each failure mode.
Development history, current situation and prospect of international vegetable oil-based hydraulic oil
Authors: Liu Xinyu , Zhao Juntao , She Yingying , Liu Yinshui
Published: May 2023

Vegetable oil-based hydraulic oil is one of the biodegradable lubricants. With the strengthening of environmental awareness, especially in the context of the increasingly serious pollution of the marine environment by mineral oil used in ships, people are increasingly aware that the pollution of mineral oil-based hydraulic oil to the environment is very serious, and many solutions have been proposed. The use of biodegradable plant-based hydraulic oil instead of traditional mineral oil-based hydraulic oil can fundamentally solve the pollution of marine hydraulic oil to the marine environment. The development of vegetable oil-based hydraulic oil in the world is systematically summarized, including its material composition, physical and chemical properties. By analysing its practical prospect and future development direction, it is concluded that vegetable oil-based hydraulic oil is the most environmentally friendly hydraulic oil in the future shipbuilding, industrial manufacturing and other industries, and it is the development trend of “green shipping” in China in the future.
Die Komposit-Injektionstechnik zur Erzielung eines
ästhetischen Ergebnisses nach kieferorthopädischer
Behandlung
Authors: Janssen Tim-Boyke , Chhatwani Sachin
Published: May 2023

Hintergrund Dieser Artikel stellt eine konservierende Methode für
die Umgestaltung von Frontzähnen nach kieferorthopädischer
Behandlung vor. So können beispielsweise Zapfenzähne,
Nichtanlagen und Diastemata trotz kieferorthopädischer Behandlung zu
ästhetisch und funktionell nachteiligen Ergebnissen führen.
Neben prothetischen und chirurgischen Lösungsansätzen
rücken durch verbesserte Materialeigenschaften vermehrt auch
Kompositaufbauten in den Mittelpunkt der Therapie.

Klinischer Fall Die klinische Situation einer Patientin nach
kieferorthopädisch erfolgtem Lückenschluss aufgrund von
Nichtanlage der lateralen Inzisiven wurde mittels Abdrucks und Modellscanner in
eine Software überführt, um ein digitales Mockup zu erstellen.
Auf Grundlage dieses Modells wurde anschließend ein durchsichtiger
Silikonschlüssel fabriziert, der nach entsprechender Vorbereitung der
Zähne intraoral positioniert und über Injektionskanäle
mit einem fließfähigen Komposit befüllt wurde.

Schlussfolgerung Für die mittelfristige und minimalinvasive
Versorgung von Frontzähnen eignet sich die Komposit-Injektionstechnik
grundsätzlich sehr gut. Dabei ermöglicht das Vorgehen auch bei
komplexen Frontzahnaufbauten ästhetisch gute und reproduzierbare
Ergebnisse.
Rechtliche Aspekte bei der Abgabe einer KFO-Praxis
Authors: Brombach Florian , Bork Alexander
Published: May 2023

Die Abgabe einer KFO-Praxis ist für den Verkäufer ein
herausfordernder Prozess, der einer sorgfältigen und
frühzeitigen Planung bedarf. Aus rechtlicher Sicht sind dabei
insbesondere die Überprüfung und ggf. Anpassung der bestehenden
Verträge der Praxis, die Durchführung der sog. Due
Diligence sowie die Erstellung und Verhandlung des Praxiskaufvertrages
von Bedeutung.
Principles for teaching sonography – current status
Authors: Bintaro Sabine , Dietrich Christoph F. , Potthoff Andrej
Published: May 2023

Since many young medical residents require sonographic skills early on during training, increased attention has been paid to including sonography classes in undergraduate medical education, among both professional societies and medical educators responsible for medical licensing exams. Medical schools worldwide have developed and implemented a variety of ultrasound teaching formats.

This article addresses evidence-based solutions to crucial challenges in planning and implementing undergraduate sonography education. In order to achieve a sustainable increase in practical sonographic competence, we suggest small-group classes with sufficient individual hands-on scanning time for each student. We recommend concentrating on a circumscribed topic and teaching it thoroughly and practically rather than superficially outlining a broad subject area. Provided that peer teachers undergo adequate training, student peer teachers are not inferior to physicians as teachers, as far as student satisfaction, theoretical knowledge and practical skills acquisition are concerned. The assessment of acquired practical skills should consist of practical examinations, such as an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) or a direct observation of procedural skills (DOPS). In contrast to using healthy volunteers as training models, simulation trainers allow the demonstration of pathological findings in authentic sonographic images, with the disadvantages of unrealistically easy image acquisition, as well as the lack of interaction with the patient.
Imaging Recommendations for Diagnosis, Staging, and Management of Penile Cancer
Authors: Sequeira Rachel , Katdare Aparna , Popat Palak , Sable Nilesh , Gala Kunal , Chandra Daksh , Agrawal Archi , Prakash Gagan , Murthy Vedang , Menon Santosh , Joshi Amit , Singh Ajaykumar , Kulkarni Suyash
Published: May 2023

Penile cancer is more common in developing countries and presents unique challenges in treatment, given the psychological impact of surgical treatment options on patients. While clinical assessment of the lesions and nodal disease is critical, imaging does play a role in initial staging, response assessment, and surveillance. This article aims to delineate the guidelines for clinical and radiological evaluation of penile cancers and the approach to disease management.
Imaging Recommendations for Diagnosis, Staging, and Management of Testicular Cancer
Authors: Katdare Aparna , Popat Palak , Sequeira Rachel , Sable Nilesh , Gala Kunal , Chandra Daksh , Agrawal Archi , Prakash Gagan , Murthy Vedang , Menon Santosh , Joshi Amit , Singh Ajaykumar , Kulkarni Suyash
Published: May 2023

The common testicular tumors affect young males in the third and fourth decades and germ cell tumors especially have excellent post-treatment outcomes. Hence, guidelines for clinical, radiological, and tumor marker assessment for diagnosis, response assessment, and surveillance of these tumors have critical impact on the management of these tumors. This article aims to discuss the current recommendations and guidelines regarding the clinical and radiological assessment and treatment pathways of testicular tumors.
Clinicodemographic Profile of Childhood Cancer in a Mining State, Odisha: A Retrospective Analysis
Authors: Samanta Dipti Rani , Avinash Ajitesh , Senapati Surendra Nath , Samal Suchitra , Dash Tapas Kumar , Sarangi Abhisekh Kumar
Published: May 2023

Introduction Pediatric malignancy represents 5% of total cancer diagnosed in India. Due to delayed diagnosis and inaccessibility to healthcare system, the overall outcome is poor in our country. The clinicodemographic profile of childhood malignancy is well described in the Western world and in certain parts of India. The incidence of pediatric malignancy in Eastern India, especially Odisha, has not yet been reported that has motivated us to conduct such a study.

Objective This study aims to evaluate the clinicodemographic profile and pattern of childhood malignancy among pediatric patients who received the treatment at a tertiary cancer institute of Odisha.

Materials and Methods It was a retrospective observational study, carried out for a period of 8 years, from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2020 at a tertiary cancer center in Eastern India. A total of 759 eligible childhood malignancy patients were recruited in the study. IBM SPSS v23 was used for descriptive statistical analysis, that is, number and percentage of various clinicodemographic parameters of the above patients.

Result Childhood malignancy accounted for 1.6% of all cancers reported during the above study period. The male to female ratio was 1.8:1. Out of 759 eligible childhood cancer patients, majority of patients were suffering from leukemia (173; 22.8%) followed by malignant bone tumors (137; 18.0%), and lymphoma (122; 16%). Leukemia was predominant in the age group of 0 to 14 years; lymphoma, central nervous system neoplasms, germ cell tumors malignant bone tumors, and soft tissue sarcoma (STS) were common in the age group of 10 to 18 years; neuroblastoma, retinoblastoma, and renal and hepatic tumors were seen commonly in the age group of 0 to 9 years. The most common presentation in leukemia was fever, while lymphadenopathy was the chief complaint in lymphoma. Local swelling and pain were the presenting symptoms in malignant bone tumors, while STS patients had painless swelling.

Conclusion This study provides an overview of the burden and pattern of childhood malignancy for the state of Odisha and acts as a roadmap for the clinicians to conduct further research in the field of pediatric oncology.
Navigating the Budding Researchers through Different Study Designs in Homeopathy: Part 1 of Research Method Series
Authors: Dutta Abhijit
Published: May 2023

Homeopathy is a complementary and alternative system of medicine that has been in practice for over 200 years. Despite its widespread use, there is still debate on the effectiveness of homeopathy, and research in this area is controversial.

In the era of evidence-based healthcare, the scientific community seeks high quality evidence for informed clinical decisions. In homeopathy, research awareness is limited among the practitioners and stakeholders, which results in minimum number of studies, and mostly of compromised quality. This largely contributes to the subjected criticism against the effect of homeopathy.

Despite various existing reporting guidelines, methodological frameworks, and research literatures, the submissions of homeopathic research papers reflect serious flaws. In this article, we provide an overview of the research question, hypothesis, objectives, outcome selection and commonly used study designs in homeopathic research.

While homeopathic research can be challenging due to the individualised nature of treatment, a properly framed research question and adequately fitted study designs can help researchers investigate the effect of homeopathic treatment and provide valuable insights into multiple fascinating areas of interest.

In conclusion, this article is intended to provide the readers with a better understanding of the research process and study designs particularly relevant to homeopathy. It is hoped that this will help researchers design better studies to provide more conclusive evidence of the effects of homeopathic treatments.
Renal Cell Carcinoma in the Background of Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: Report of Two Cases and Review of Literature
Authors: Vias Poorva , Goyal Shikha , Madan Renu , Kakkar Nandita , Sood Ridhi , Periasamy Kannan , Kumar Rajender
Published: May 2023

Patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), especially those with renal failure, carry a higher risk of developing renal cell carcinoma (RCC) compared to the general population. Genetic mutations associated with ADPKD are known but a direct link associated with RCC is still controversial. We discuss the clinical course of two such patients. The first patient was diagnosed with ADPKD at the age of 10 years with an unreported tubulocystic RCC focus on his renal biopsy that was picked up on review 16 years later when he presented with vertebral metastases determined to have originated from the RCC. He was doing well on multikinase inhibitors till 4 years of diagnosis with metastatic disease when he succumbed to progressive disease after 3 lines of systemic therapy. The second patient was diagnosed with ADPKD in middle age and papillary RCC 3 years later. Within 3 months of cancer diagnosis, there was progression to metastatic disease and rapid decline despite systemic therapies. We surmise that the diagnosis of RCC may be missed in ADPKD till the advanced stages. Patients with ADPKD should be monitored regularly with imaging and biopsy if needed. Histology may be varied but once diagnosed, systemic therapies may help disease control.
Is value-based healthcare a strategy to achieve universal health coverage that includes oral health? An Australian case study
Authors: Nguyen Tan M. , Bridge Gemma , Hall Martin , Theodore Katy , Lin Clare , Scully Ben , Heredia Ruth , Le Long K.-D , Mihalopoulos Cathrine , Calache Hanny
Published: May 2023

The 2021 Resolution on Oral Health by the 74th World Health Assembly supports an important health policy direction: inclusion of oral health in universal health coverage. Many healthcare systems worldwide have not yet addressed oral diseases effectively. The adoption of value-based healthcare (VBHC) reorients health services towards outcomes. Evidence indicates that VBHC initiatives are improving health outcomes, client experiences of healthcare, and reducing costs to healthcare systems. No comprehensive VBHC approach has been applied to the oral health context. Dental Health Services Victoria (DHSV), an Australian state government entity, commenced a VBHC agenda in 2016 and is continuing its efforts in oral healthcare reform. This paper explores a VBHC case study showing promise for achieving universal health coverage that includes oral health. DHSV applied the VBHC due to its flexibility in scope, consideration of a health workforce with a mix of skills, and alternative funding models other than fee-for-service.
Comparative moral principles: justifications, values, and foundations
Authors: Ylä-Anttila Tuukka
Published: May 2023

The article compares three influential theories used in sociology and psychology to categorize types of morality—Luc Boltanski & Laurent Thévenot’s justification theory, Shalom H. Schwartz’s basic human values theory, and Jonathan Haidt’s moral foundations theory—to simplify the complexity presented by three different categorizations, while retaining necessary nuance, and to translate the concepts of each into the language of the other two. A comparative table is presented to evaluate which categories of the three theories correspond to each other and where do theories make distinctions that are lacking from the other two. This summary framework of Comparative Moral Principles (CMP) consists of eight principles to compare, explain, and interpret practices of moral motivation and meaning-making: Liberty, Inspiration, Safety, Community, Care, Equality, Deservingness, and Competition.
Topic detection with recursive consensus clustering and semantic enrichment
Authors: De Leo Vincenzo , Puliga Michelangelo , Bardazzi Marco , Capriotti Filippo , Filetti Andrea , Chessa Alessandro
Published: May 2023

Extracting meaningful information from short texts like tweets has proved to be a challenging task. Literature on topic detection focuses mostly on methods that try to guess the plausible words that describe topics whose number has been decided in advance. Topics change according to the initial setup of the algorithms and show a consistent instability with words moving from one topic to another one. In this paper we propose an iterative procedure for topic detection that searches for the most stable solutions in terms of words describing a topic. We use an iterative procedure based on clustering on the consensus matrix, and traditional topic detection, to find both a stable set of words and an optimal number of topics. We observe however that in several cases the procedure does not converge to a unique value but oscillates. We further enhance the methodology using semantic enrichment via Word Embedding with the aim of reducing noise and improving topic separation. We foresee the application of this set of techniques in an automatic topic discovery in noisy channels such as Twitter or social media.
Hierarchies and decision-making in groups: experimental evidence
Authors: Bessey Donata
Published: May 2023

While individual decision-making is a principal research area in theoretical and experimental economics, many decisions are actually made by groups, and not by individuals. In addition, groups are often characterized by hierarchical organizational structures, but little is known about their possible effects on outcomes in economic experiments. This exploratory study investigates differences in decision-making outcomes for individuals and groups under different hierarchies using data from an incentivized economic experiment using a sample of South Korean college students and Bayesian hypothesis testing, frequentist regression analysis, and analysis of predicted probabilities for “ideal types”. It compares the choices of groups of three in lottery choices and intellective tasks under five different hierarchy types: a group without hierarchy, a hierarchy by age, by merit, by chance, and by election. A within-subjects comparison of choices as individuals and as leaders allows to control for individual differences that might matter for choices beyond the hierarchy type. Regression results show that there are no differences in the number of safe choices between the different hierarchy types, but groups with a leader assigned based on merit perform better in intellective tasks, compared to leaders assigned based on a vote, age, or a random mechanism. These findings suggest that the type of hierarchy and its perceived legitimacy might matter for the quality of outcomes in intellective tasks, with no effects found for risk attitude.
A universal model for continuous “one-to-two” high-efficient droplet generation in digital microfluidics
Authors: Hu Chenxuan , Jin Kai , Ma Hanbin
Published: May 2023

High-efficient droplet generation is crucial in microfluidics platforms in bio-applications. Among the microfluidic techniques, digital microfluidics, although with the capability of programmatically manipulating the droplets, is less effective in high-throughput droplets generation. In this Letter, a continuous “one-to-two” droplet generation strategy on digital microfluidics platform is achieved with an exponential generation efficiency, while overcoming the restriction on the droplet geometries (aspect ratio) in a wide range. An energy-based sub-droplet generation model is also proposed, as an expansion to the previous Laplace pressure-based geometrical model. The electrical parameters are taken into computing the sub-droplet generation on digital microfluidics from the aspect of energy. The proposed continuous “one-to-two” droplet generation strategy can generate sub-droplets with a minimized electrodes' number while with a higher energy input in each operation. The exponential efficiency will open the era for high-throughput droplets' application developments in digital microfluidics.
Ternary B–C–N compounds layered materials with regulated electronic properties and ultrawide bandgaps
Authors: Xu Baoyin , Du Haozhe , Yang Bin , Ding Zhanhui , Wang Xiancheng , Wang Yanchao , Li Ziheng , Li Yongfeng , Yao Bin , Ma Hong-An , Lan Yucheng
Published: May 2023

The exploration of novel ultrawide bandgap (UWBG) semiconductors is becoming a challenging and compelling research focus on semiconductor physics, materials, and device applications. Ternary B–C–N compounds have attracted much attention because their electronic structure and semiconductor properties are quite different depending on the chemical composition and atomic arrangement of boron, carbon, and nitrogen elements in the lattice. However, the lack of well-controlled high-quality B–C–N crystals has limited their potential as UWBG devices. In this study, B–C–N compounds are synthesized in bulks from graphite and hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) using ball milling and high-pressure high temperature technique. The synthesized B–C–N compounds produced are highly crystallized layered-materials with intercalated graphene layers in C-doped h-BN layers. The doped carbon atoms occupy boron sites and nitrogen sites of the h-BN layers unbalanced, giving rise to the n-type conductivity of the B-C-N layered compounds. The measured optical bandgaps range from 3.4 to 6.0 eV, which can be regulated by the carbon content. Their electronic properties are also tunable. Our work is expected to initiate potential applications of the B–C–N material as UWBG semiconductors.