bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
“Like sand through an hourglass, so are the days of our lives”: Youth, religion, and social capital in South Africa
Authors: Beukes J.
Published: January 2025

South Africa has experienced significant transformations, including the dismantling of the apartheid system and the transition to a democratic regime. Despite progress, South Africa still struggles with inequality and fostering social cohesion. Social capital refers to networks, relationships, and customs that enable collaboration. Young people’s networks and connections shape their social and economic success. Social capital helps young people establish friendships and access to resources. Religion improves social capital in many places. This article analyses the concept of social capital imposed by religious institutions and their practices in various communities, larger societies, and younger generations.It aims to investigate the distinctive role of religion in enhancing social capital in an effort to demarginalise youth. The article examines the correlation between youth, religion, and social capital in South Africa, focusing on how religious practices and beliefs can affect young people’s sense of social connectedness and community.
Karl Barth’s Christological anthropology as a basis for building an interreligious relationship
Authors: Putra Y.Y. , Himawan A. , Susanta Y.K.
Published: January 2025

This article shows that Barth’s Christological anthropology can contribute to conversations about interreligious relations. Using constructive analysis methods, this article begins with an analysis of Barth’s Christological anthropology. A thorough observation of Barth’s Christological anthropology reveals that his theology provides a potential basis for a theologicalconcept of interreligious relations. The theological concept of interreligious relations, based on Barth’s Christological anthropology, affirms that the most fundamental commonality between Christians and other religious people lie in the fact that they are God’s chosen human beings in Jesus Christ as partners of the covenant with God and with others. This theological concept of interreligious relations can guide Christians in relating to other religious groups, while they can also remain faithful to witness Jesus Christ as the centre of the message of true humanity.
African theological education and its curriculum responsiveness towards African Union’s Agenda 2063.
Authors: Naidoo M.
Published: January 2025

This article considers the development of African theological education with the new imperative to support the African Union’s Agenda 2063 and the need to engage global processes of development. By employing the strategic focus of curriculum design and content that focuses on African realities, theological education can support this transformative agenda. Expanding access to quality theological education aligns with Agenda 2063’s emphasis on quality education. However, for African theological education to remain relevant and effective, beyond denominational myopia and internal ecclesial concerns, it must gain significant traction in the political, social, and economic spheres of modern-day Africa. Atheology of transformation to prepare the Church as an agent of change can be instructive. To consider this task, this article reflects on integrative curriculum design as a means that educates for the required competencies, including ethical leadership, with an outward focus.
YouVersion verses-of-the-year in relation to Afrikaans prepositional met and van constructions expressing fear and loneliness
Authors: Bergh L. , Beelders T.
Published: January 2025

How do the 2022 YouVersion Bible verses-of-theyear reflect the way in which fear and loneliness were communicated via prepositional phrases that year? The associated objectives of this article are to compare Afrikaans met and van prepositional constructions expressing fear and loneliness in 2022 in two print books with the top 2022 YouVersion Bible verses; to establish how met and van relate to other prepositions in this regard, and to determine how these related prepositional constructions can expand a trauma-informed gradient of uses. This article considers Afrikaans met (with) and van (of) prepositional constructions expressing fear and loneliness in a subset of a corpus of such constructions produced in 2022. The Cognitive Linguistics analysis of the prepositional constructions centres on them as asymmetrical constructions on a spatiotemporal continuum of use in relation to the human body.
Dynamics of health and wellness at an African Pentecostal Churchrelated institution in Zimbabwe:
Authors: Musoni P.
Published: January 2025

The article explores the challenges faced by God’s Grace University in Zimbabwe (a pseudonym), an African Pentecostal Church-affiliated institution, due to an increase in sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among its students. As one of the pioneering African Pentecostal church-affiliated universities in Zimbabwe, it has experienced a significant surge in student enrolment, which coincides with an increase in STI incidents. The information gathered during the research highlights the frequent visits by students to the university clinic for STI treatments, an indication that the university’s exclusive dependence on premarital abstinence as a preventive measure is inadequate. To curb the escalating infection rates, the article recommends the implementation of additional STI prevention strategies. Data for the article was gathered through interviews with university administrators and students, employing a descriptive phenomenological approach and interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA). Due to ethical considerations, the names of participants and the organisation have been omitted.
Between the Pandemic, the War and the Value Conflict: Polish Ecumenism at Crossroads
Authors: Kopiec P.
Published: January 2025

Poland is still an exception on the European map of Christianity, although this exceptional position is increasingly fading away. Churches in Poland are facing the challenges known elsewhere in Europe. This matters when asking about Polish ecumenism. However, it is merely part of the picture. Global trends influence ecumenical and interconfessional relationships; nevertheless, some have a specific feature in Poland. This article attempts to map Polish ecumenism, with an emphasis on the most significant achievements and severe threats to interconfessional relationships. It also aims to bring to light what churches in Poland have in common and how they differ in their answers to the current problems.
Social Listening Reports, Health Priorities and Systemic Review of Social Listening Reports
Authors: Combrink Herkulaas , Mkungeka Phelokazi
Published: January 2025

This project involves conducting a systematic review with a focus on health intelligence derived from South African national social listening reports spanning from 2021 to 2023. These reports, totaling 91 in number, represent a comprehensive collection of data obtained through social listening platforms, capturing public discussions, perceptions, and concerns related to health, particularly amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. Using machine learning and natural language processing techniques, the review aims to extract valuable insights regarding health priorities and types of misinformation circulating within the South African population. By adopting a health intelligence perspective, the study seeks to understand the nuances of health-related discourse and misinformation dynamics, informing future public health strategies, risk communication efforts, and community engagement initiatives.
Spectral Energy Distribution Variability of the Blazar OJ 287 During 2009–2021
Authors: Zuo Wenwen , Gupta Alok C. , Gu Minfeng , Valtonen Mauri J. , Jorstad Svetlana G. , Aller Margo F. , Lähteenmäki Anne , Kiehlmann Sebastian , Kushwaha Pankaj , Aller Hugh D. , Chen Liang , Readhead Anthony C. S. , Tornikoski Merja , Yuan Qi
Published: January 2025

Using nearly simultaneous radio, near-infrared, optical, and ultraviolet (UV) data collected since 2009, we constructed 106 spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of the blazar OJ 287. These SEDs are well fitted by a log-parabolic model. By classifying the data into “flare” and “quiescent” segments, we find that the median flux at the peak frequency of the SEDs during the flare segments is 0.37 ± 0.22 dex higher compared to the quiescent segments, while no significant differences are observed in the median values of the curvature parameter b or the peak frequency

log
ν
p

. A significant bluer-when-brighter trend is confirmed through the relation between the V magnitude and B − V color index, with this trend being stronger in the flare segments. Additionally, a significant anticorrelation is detected between

log
ν
p

and b, with a slope of 5.79 in the relation between 1/b and

log
ν
p

, closer to the prediction from a statistical acceleration model than a stochastic acceleration interpretation, though a notable discrepancy persists. This discrepancy indicates that additional factors—such as deviations from idealized conditions or radiative contributions, such as the thermal emission from the accretion disk in the optical–UV range during quiescent states—may play a role in producing the observed steeper slope. Within the framework of the statistical acceleration mechanism, the lack of correlation between the change in the peak intensity and the change in the peak frequency suggests that the change in the electron energy distribution is unlikely to be responsible for the time-dependent SED changes. Instead, changes in Doppler boosting or magnetic fields may have a greater influence.
Nonthermal Velocities in a Solar Active Region Observed by SERTS
Authors: Brosius Jeffrey W.
Published: January 2025

We present measurements of coronal nonthermal Doppler velocities in NOAA Active Region 7870 observed by the Solar EUV Research Telescope and Spectrograph during its 1995 sounding rocket flight (SERTS-95). The instrument included a multilayer-coated toroidal diffraction grating that enhanced its sensitivity in second order at wavelengths between about 171 and 225 Å. Analyses of spectra from this flight were previously published but did not address the issue of nonthermal velocities; we do so here for spectra averaged over the 123

.

″

8 segment of the slit for which the brightest portion of the region observed by SERTS was recorded. All emission lines are fit with Gaussian profiles. With post-flight laboratory spectra of He ii and Ne II-IIINe we derive a first-order instrumental width (full width at half-maximum intensity) of F
inst
,1 = 50.6  ± 3.1 mÅ and a second-order instrumental width of F
inst
,2 = 25.3 ±1.5 mÅ. For emission lines of Fe x−Fe xv, formed at 6.05 ≤ log T(K) ≤ 6.35, we find nonthermal velocities between 26.1 and 35.0 km s−1, independent of temperature; this range corresponds to V
nonth = 30.6 ± 4.5 km s−1. For the two unblended Fe xii lines at 192.394 and 193.509 Å closest to the maximum sensitivity of SERTS-95, we have V
nonth = 33.7  ± 1.3 km s−1. When solar observations are used to derive or confirm instrumental widths for spectrometers in orbit, those observations should compensate for nonthermal velocities such as the ones reported here in order to extract instrumental widths that are free of nonthermal broadening.
Inner-heliospheric Signatures of Steadily Declining Solar Magnetic Fields and Their Possible Implications
Authors: Tanti Harsha Avinash , Bisoi Susanta Kumar , Datta Abhirup , Fujiki K.
Published: January 2025

We examined solar photospheric magnetic fields for the solar cycles 21–25, covering the period 1975–2024. The unsigned photospheric magnetic fields at low latitudes (0°–45°), known as solar toroidal fields, showed a solar cycle variation with the total field strength being stronger during the maximum of cycle 25 than the maximum of cycle 24. However, the unsigned field strength of photospheric magnetic fields at high latitudes (45°–78°), known as solar polar fields, has shown a significant steady decline since around the mid-1990s. The unsigned field strength of solar polar fields, after an increase during 2015–2020, has declined again until 2024, continuing the declining trend for a long 30 yr. Also, we examined the solar wind microturbulence levels in the inner heliosphere (0.2–0.8 au), using interplanetary scintillation observations at 327 MHz, covering the period 1983–2022, that steadily declined since the mid-1990s and continued until 2022, synchronously with the solar polar fields. We found that the floor level in both solar toroidal fields and solar wind magnetic fields was reduced during the minimum of cycle 23 and recovered back during the minimum of cycle 24. In addition, a hemispherically asymmetric solar polar reversal was evident in the signed (axial) solar polar fields during cycles 21–25, with the reversal in cycle 25 for the northern hemisphere already completed but the same for the southern hemisphere yet to be completed. We discuss the implications of the long declining trend and other anomalies in solar cycle activity.
Reinstatement of Memecylon elegantulum (Melastomataceae) and recircumscription of Memecylon rostratum, two species endemic to Sri Lanka
Authors: Perera Amila , Jayasinghe Himesh , Gopallawa Bhathiya , Madawala Isuru , Gunatilleke Nimal , Geekiyanage Nalaka
Published: January 2025

Memecylon elegantulum Thwaites, a heterotypic synonym of M. rostratum Thwaites, is re-instated based on recent collections and field observations. The two species differ mainly in their habit, inflorescence structure, floral morphology and lamina morphology. A lectotype and an epitype are designated for Memecylon elegantulum, and a lectotype designated for M. rostratum. Both species are confined to the mixed dipterocarp rainforests of Sri Lanka’s perhumid south-western ‘wet zone’. Memecylon elegantulum appears to be restricted to a relatively small range in Ratnapura district, while M. rostratum has a wider distribution in wet zone.
The Subaltern Women Protagonists Depicted in Historical Sinhala Novels (With Special Focus on Women Authored Texts)
Authors: Kularathna S. B. A. K.
Published: January 2025

A unique feature inherent to contemporary Sinhala Women Novelists is their fascination with History. Consequently, a trend of writing historical novels based on the period of the Kandyan Kingdom and the British Colonial era has emerged. The mainstream women novelists of the new millennium focused mainly on subaltern women protagonists, the representatives of a voice-less class who live on the periphery of the nation-state. Hence, these texts conceptualise reality through the voice and experience of an underprivileged subaltern class and gender. Further, they operate within the paradigms of subaltern histories, privileging subaltern subjectivities that question and challenge the identities the elite ruling groups bestowed upon them. The woman Novelists Shrewdly reveal the hidden text of the nation in their oeuvre. Accordingly, these literary texts can be found in the context of subaltern histories. This research is intended to analyse the roles of women protagonists that give rise to issues concerning gender, social stratification, and cultural hegemony. How women Novelists were inspired and conditioned by historical and sociological sources for depicting convincing characters was examined, and an attempt was made to capture the continuing interaction among author, text and History. With a view to grasping the uniqueness of Sinhala women Novelists, creative dexterity in reconstructing the historical sources and perceiving the metamorphosis that has taken place, their Novels were compared with mainstream South Asian Women Authorised texts. It was revealed that interdisciplinary studies across customary subject divisions, including History and cultural anthropology, have a significant impact, influence and conditioning over the subaltern protagonists and their quest toward self-identity.
Systematic Literature Review on Analyzing the Impact of Prompt Engineering on Efficiency, Code Quality, and Security in Crud Application Development
Authors: Shanuka K. A. A. , Wijayanayake J. , Vidanage K.
Published: January 2025

This research investigates the impact of prompt engineering on the efficiency, code quality, and security of CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations in software development using large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT. Prompt engineering, which involves crafting specific inputs to guide AI outputs, has become crucial for code generation, debugging, and vulnerability detection tasks. The study addresses three key research questions: identifying the most influential aspects of prompt engineering on CRUD efficiency compared to traditional coding, recognising common error patterns in AI-generated code and preemptive mitigation strategies, and leveraging human-AI collaboration to optimise CRUD application development. This study evaluates 52 relevant papers from 2018 to 2023 through a systematic literature review from Google Scholar, ResearchGate, arXiv, and Sci-Hub. The findings indicate that effective, prompt engineering significantly enhances productivity, reduces development time, and improves code adaptability to complex data structures. Techniques such as role-prompting and chain-of-thought prompting are highlighted for their ability to produce high-quality code, reducing errors and enhancing overall code quality. The review revealed significant results, including identifying prompt engineering techniques that substantially improve the performance of LLMs in CRUD operations. ChatGPT, in particular, excels in generating and debugging code but struggles with more complex tasks and security vulnerabilities. The study emphasises the need for continuous human oversight to ensure security and correctness, addressing challenges such as managing programming variability and the stochastic nature of LLMs.The research concludes that integrating ChatGPT into CRUD operations significantly advances software development, improving efficiency, code quality, and security. However, it is crucial to address its limitations through better prompt engineering and continuous human involvement. Future work will involve developing a fully functional CRUD application using generative AI, further evaluating its practical applications and limitations in software development.
editor's Note
Authors: Amarasekara S. S.
Published: January 2025

No abstract available
Missed Tibialis Anterior Tendon Laceration - Case Report
Authors: Amarasekara S. S.
Published: January 2025

Laceration of the tibialis anterior (TA) tendon is a rare injury that has been reported previously. A seemingly trivial wound may ‘mask’ a completely divided tendon. Therefore, unless the clinician is aware of the possibility of a TA tendon injury, the diagnosis can be missed.A 47-year-old lady presented for a wound review following surgery 3 days previously, for a laceration on her distal shin from a grass cutter. On clinical examination she was found unable to dorsi flex her foot, diagnostic of a cut TA tendon. Secondary exploration of the laceration confirmed the diagnosis of a divided TA tendon which was repaired.All lacerations involving the distal third of the shin, especially where there is evidence of a bony injury, should be considered to have involved the TA tendon, unless proven otherwise.
Review article Impact of phytochemical-based hydrocolloid dressings on wound healing: A comparative review
Authors: Sibanda Sipho , Razwinani Mapula , Motaung Keolebogile Shirley
Published: January 2025

Background: Wound healing is an important occurrence consisting of a myriad biochemical processes. The recent introduction of phytochemical-based dressings to expedite wound healing uses a multi-targeted approach including antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity.Aim: The review aimed to conduct an exhaustive search of the existing literature on plant-based hydrocolloid dressings for wound healing and to evaluate the dressing efficacy in comparison to standard dressings.Setting: The review offers a worldwide overview of plant-based hydrocolloid dressings and their use.Methods: A systematic search using keywords was done to identify clinical and randomised control trials from 2019 to 2024. The following databases were queried: Cochrane Library, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct and Web of Science. Data appraisal was done by an analysis of the data quality by the authors.Results: Of a total of 866 records identified, 4 qualified for further assessment. The data retrieved showed that the use of phytochemical-based hydrocolloids is more effective compared to non-plant-based hydrocolloids.Conclusion: The data analysis revealed that there are few research studies on plant-based hydrocolloids, and there is a need for further research in the area. In addition, the dressings significantly expedite wound healing offering a multifaceted approach because of the different mechanisms of action including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cell proliferation.Contribution: This study highlights the need for further studies on hydrocolloids produced from plant extracts for effective wound healing.
Evaluation of Serum and Salivary Uric Acid with and without Metabolic Syndrome Patients
Authors: Uppin Rabiya Basari , Varghese Sheeja S , Baseer Mohammad Abdul , AlHudaithi Felwa Sulaiman , Alkadhi Omar H , Mubaraki Sarah
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

Serum uric acid (UA) is linked to several medical conditions, including metabolic syndrome (MetS). This study aims to evaluate the correlation between serum and salivary UA concentration in individuals with and without MetS.

Materials and Methods:

This cross-sectional study comprised 328 subjects (without MetS [n = 164] and MetS [n = 164]) aged between 20 and 72 years seeking medical investigations in a private diagnostic laboratory. Demographic and oral health information was obtained from each participant. MetS components were recorded, and participants were classified as either MetS positive or MetS negative based on the international diabetic federation criteria. Serum and salivary samples were collected, and UA level was determined and correlated between MetS-positive and MetS-negative subjects. Descriptive statistics, Mann–Whitney U and Spearman’s tests were applied to ascertain the relationship.

Results:

Serum UA levels in MetS positive 5.8 (1.27) and MetS negative 5.5 (1) differed significantly (P = 0.003). Similarly, a significant difference was observed in salivary UA of MetS positive 5.9 (1.4) and MetS negative 5.05 (2.7), (P < 0.001) patients. In MetS-positive patients, serum and salivary UA did not reveal a significant correlation (r = 0.041, P = 0.601). However, MetS-negative participants demonstrated a significantly weak correlation between serum and salivary UA (r = −0.174, P = 0.026).

Conclusion:

Serum and salivary UA levels were elevated in patients with MetS compared to those without MetS. Salivary UA exhibited an insignificant positive correlation with serum UA in subjects with MetS.
Awareness of Therapeutic Steroid Injections for Lower Back Pain amongst the Saudi Population: A Cross-sectional Study
Authors: Alkhaldi Waleed F
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

Low back pain (LBP) is a common condition characterised by soreness or stiffness in the lower back, often associated with the disc, joint or nerve issues. It varies by duration (acute, subacute and chronic) and is more prevalent in females and high-income countries. Therapeutic steroid injections (TSIs) provide short-term relief by reducing inflammation, yet their effectiveness remains debated. This study explores awareness and misconceptions about TSI for LBP in Saudi society.

Materials and Methods:

About 222 adult patients with the chief complaint of LBP reporting to the department of orthopaedics were included in the study. The data were collected by a pre-tested and self-administered questionnaire evaluating the awareness about the TSIs for LBP amongst the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia population.

Results:

Females (54.4%) were more aware of therapeutic back injections than males (40.3%), which showed statistically significant results (P = 0.037). Steroid awareness revealed a non-significant trend towards increased awareness in older patients (P = 0.068). There was a significant association between the duration of back pain and age. Clinic visit duration was significantly associated with age (P < 0.001), with younger patients (30-40 years) going for 1–6 months (64.0%) and elderly patients (more than 60 years) attending for more than 3 years (76.0%).

Conclusion:

Our study found a lack of accurate knowledge and comprehension regarding TSI. Therefore, orthopaedic clinics should enhance patients’ awareness, understanding and support concerning TSI.
Study on antifungal usage in patients with vaginal itching and discharge at a private hospital in Kolkata using the National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers and the World Health Organization prescribing criteria
Authors: Roy Ankita , Ganguly Arpan , Pal Soumyajit , Bhowmick Subhrojyoti , Das Nina
Published: January 2025

Introduction:

One in every 10 women presents with abnormal vaginal discharge in Gynaecology and Obstetrics Department, with the most common cause being candidiasis. Irrational use of antifungal for treatment of this condition leads to antifungal resistance and increase morbidity.

Materials and Methods:

This retrospective study was conducted at the Department of Pharmacology in collaboration of Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of the private medical college hospital in Kolkata. One hundred and forty outpatient department prescriptions were screened and included in this study from March 2024 to April 2024, and the prescriptions of the previous 6 months were collected.

Results:

The average number of drugs per prescription was 1.1. Antifungals were prescribed in 89.3%, out of which only 8.6% were in accordance with the standard treatment guidelines of management of vaginal candidiasis. The dose of the drug was written in 11.5% of the prescriptions while the duration of treatment was written in 84.9% of the prescriptions. The fungal culture and sensitivity testing was documented in only 10.7% of the prescriptions. 29.5% of the prescriptions had the generic name of the medicines whereas the complete diagnosis was written in only 13.7% of the prescriptions.

Conclusion:

This study highlights the commonly encountered errors in prescribing of antifungal drugs in a tertiary care teaching hospital. These errors may lead to irrational prescribing of antifungal and development of antifungal resistance in the long run. Active surveillance in the form of regular prescription audit and organizing regular training workshop for the prescribers will improve the prescribing practice.
2-classifiers via dense generators and Hofmann–Streicher universe in stacks
Authors: Mesiti Luca
Published: January 2025

We expand the theory of 2-classifiers, that are a 2-categorical generalization of subobject classifiers introduced by Weber. The idea is to upgrade monomorphisms to discrete opfibrations. We prove that the conditions of 2-classifier can be checked just on a dense generator. The study of what is classified by a 2-classifier is similarly reduced to a study over the objects that form a dense generator. We then apply our results to the cases of prestacks and stacks, where we can thus look just at the representables. We produce a 2-classifier in prestacks that classifies all discrete opfibrations with small fibres. Finally, we restrict such 2-classifier to a 2-classifier in stacks. This is the main ingredient of a proof that Grothendieck 2-topoi are elementary 2-topoi. Our results also solve a problem posed by Hofmann and Streicher when attempting to lift Grothendieck universes to sheaves.
Bloch–Floquet band gaps for water waves over a periodic bottom
Authors: Lacave Christophe , Ménard Matthieu , Sulem Catherine
Published: January 2025

A central object in the analysis of the water wave problem is the Dirichlet–Neumann operator. This paper is devoted to the study of its spectrum in the context of the water wave system linearized near equilibrium in a domain with a variable bottom, assumed to be a

C^{2}

periodic function. We use the analyticity of the Dirichlet–Neumann operator with respect to the bottom variation and combine it with general properties of elliptic systems and spectral theory for self-adjoint operators to develop a Bloch–Floquet theory and describe the structure of its spectrum. We find that, under some conditions on the bottom variations, the spectrum is composed of bands separated by gaps, with explicit formulas for their sizes and locations.
Von Neumann entropy of the angle operator between a pair of intermediate subalgebras
Authors: Bakshi Keshab Chandra , Guin Satyajit , Pal Biplab
Published: January 2025

Given a pair of intermediate

C^{*}

-subalgebras of a unital inclusion of simple

C^{*}

-algebras equipped with a conditional expectation of finite Watatani index, we discuss the corresponding ‘angle operator’ and its Fourier transform. We provide a calculable formula for the von Neumann entropy of the (Fourier) dual angle operator for a large class of quadruples of simple

C^{*}

-algebras.
One-nodal Fano threefolds with Picard number one
Authors: Kuznetsov Alexander Gennad'evich , Prokhorov Yuri Gennadievich
Published: January 2025

We classify all 1-nodal degenerations of smooth Fano threefolds with Picard number 1 (both nonfactorial and factorial) and describe their geometry. In particular, we describe a relation between such degenerations and smooth Fano threefolds of higher Picard rank and with unprojections of complete intersection varieties.
Критерий слабой непрерывности представлений топологических групп в дуальных пространствах Фреше
Authors: Shtern Alexander Isaakovich
Published: January 2025

Получены достаточные условия слабой непрерывности представлений
топологических групп в дуальных пространствах Фреше сопряженными операторами.
О тензорных инвариантах для интегрируемых случаев движения твeрдого тела
Эйлера, Лагранжа и Ковалевской
Authors: Tsiganov Andrey Vladimirovich
Published: January 2025

Рассматриваются тензорные инварианты уравнений движения твeрдого тела в интегрируемых случаях Эйлера, Лагранжа и Ковалевской компоненты которых являются неоднородными полиномами третьей степени по переменным фазового пространства. Доказано существование тензорных инвариантов которые не выражаются через базовые инварианты с помощью внешнего дифференцирования и тензорного произведения.
Influence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi Infection on Child Growth: A Secondary Analysis of the MAL-ED Birth Cohort Study
Authors: Haque Md Ahshanul , Islam Shaumik , Bashar Syed Jayedul , Rahman Abu Sayem Mirza Md. Hasibur , Faruque A. S. G. , Ahmed Tahmeed , Mahfuz Mustafa
Published: January 2025

Malnutrition in the early days of life is a global public health concern that affects children’s growth. It results from a variety of factors, including pathogenic infections. Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a microsporidian parasite that can cause diarrhea and malnutrition in children. The study aimed to assess the impact of E. bieneusi on child growth. The MAL-ED study, a multicountry birth cohort research project, investigated the relationship between enteric infections and malnutrition in participating children from eight countries. A customized real-time polymerase chain reaction-based TaqMan array card was used in this study to identify enteropathogens from stool samples, where E. bieneusi was one of the target pathogens. The impacts of E. bieneusi infection on growth measures were assessed. Mixed-effect linear models were used to investigate the relationship between E. bieneusi and growth outcomes, including length-for-age (LAZ), weight-for-age (WAZ), and weight-for-length (WLZ) Z scores. At the endpoint (last month of measurement), the infected group had significantly lower scores than the noninfected group for all outcomes. The adjusted difference-in-difference (D-in-D) values were −0.53 (95% CI: −0.67 to −0.38) for LAZ, −0.38 (95% CI: −0.52 to −0.23) for WAZ, and −0.22 (95% CI: −0.38 to −0.06) for WLZ. Enterocytozoon bieneusi infection has been identified as a factor associated with reduced linear growth, weight gain, and weight gain relative to linear growth in children, underscoring the importance of treating this infection.
Review of Mechanical Properties of Basalt Fibre-Reinforced Polymer
Composites for Automotive Applications
Authors: Chidambaranathan Bibin , Raghavan Sheeja , Soundararajan Gopinath , Arunkumar S. , Ashok Kumar R. , Rajesh K.
Published: January 2025

The industrial world focuses on developing eco-friendly, natural fibres such as
reinforcing lightweight, inexpensive compounds in modern days. Basalt, a rare
phenomenon, derives its origins from molten volcanic rocks, which is essential
for their cost-effectiveness and offers different glass fibre properties. High
mechanical strength, outstanding wear resistance, and exceptional durability in
a variety of environmental conditions are all displayed by basalt fibres. These
fibres are ideal for reinforcing polymer composites because of their mechanical
properties at high temperatures. Furthermore, basalt fibres are appropriate for
long-term applications because they resist corrosion and degradation while
maintaining structural integrity over time. This article provides a brief
overview of basalt fibres as a substitute for glass fibres and as composite
materials. Additionally, attempts are being made to draw attention to the
expanding field of basalt fibre research. In the review, studies conclude by
discussing the evolution of mechanical properties derived from the industrial
use of reinforced basalt fibre compounds.
Exploring the Future of Sustainable Fuels: Experimental and
Predictive Insights on Engine Performance and Emissions Using Algae Biodiesel
Blends
Authors: Senthilkumar D. , Murugesan Sivanesan , Bhadrinath P. , Shamitha G. , Adityasree R.
Published: January 2025

This study investigates the potential of biodiesel derived from Azolla algae as
an alternative fuel for conventional diesel. The performance and emissions
characteristics of various biodiesel blends were evaluated experimentally. The
physicochemical properties of pure diesel (D100), and blends with Azolla
biodiesel at 5% (BD5), 10% (BD10), 15% (BD15), 20% (BD20), and 100% (B100) were
analyzed. It is observed that the amount of fuel consumed is higher at higher
loads when fuel is blended with biodiesels. Hydrocarbon emissions were reduced
with biodiesel blends at full load and the reduction is higher with increase in
blend concentration. A significant difference of 85 ppm NOx was
observed between BD20 and D100 at full load. CO emissions decreased with higher
biodiesel concentrations, with BD20 resulted less CO emissions than D100, making
BD20 a more environmentally viable fuel. Artificial neural networks (ANN) were
employed for predictive modeling, achieving approximately 95% accuracy.
Pearson’s correlation coefficients (0.9770 to 1.000) and root mean square errors
(0.01048 to 0.0804) for all the output parameters indicate the model’s high
efficiency and accuracy, closely matching experimental values.
Microstructure and Strength of Zinc-Molybdenum Steel Joints Brazed
with Nickel-Chromium-Zinc Filler Metal
Authors: Babu Chellam B Ashok Kumar , Vimal Raja M. , Dhiyaneswaran J. , Selvaraj Malathi , Sangeeth Kumar M.
Published: January 2025

Intermetallic Zn-Mo to steel induction brazing was performed in an induction
furnace at 1260 degrees Celsius for 0.8 thousand seconds utilising Ni-Cr-Zn
filler metal. Base metal atoms such as zinc, molybdenum, and nickel are stated
to diffuse to the contact and aggressively react with the filler metal during
brazing. This is backed by microstructural research. The reaction layer near
Zn-Mo, which is composed of Ni-Cr-Zn compounds and Ni-based solid solutions; the
interface's centre zone, which is composed of Ni-based solid solutions with
distributed Ni-Cr eutectic phases; and the NiC reaction layer near the steel.
The interface is made up of all of these components. The best values for the
induction brazing parameters may be calculated by analysing the association
between the brazing parameters and the tensile strength of the joints. The joint
has a tensile strength of 348 MPa after being brazed at a temperature of 1260
degrees Celsius for 0.8 thousand seconds.
Steel Sheet, Strip, and Plate, Low Alloy, Heat-Resistant 0.65Si - 1.25Cr - 0.50Mo - 0.25V (0.27 - 0.33C) [17-22A(S)] Aircraft Quality
Authors:   AMS E Carbon and Low Alloy Steels Committee
Published: January 2025

This specification covers an aircraft-quality, low-alloy steel in the form of sheet, strip, and plate.
Rewriting (personal) history – portrayal of Emilio Aguinaldo and Booker T. Washington in adventure stories and articles in “Bōken Sekai” (The World of Adventure) magazine
Authors: Sztafiej Przemysław
Published: January 2025

Artykuł poświęcony jest analizie sposobu reprezentacji i funkcjonalnego wykorzystania dwóch „niebiałych” postaci, Emilio Aguinaldo oraz Bookera T. Washingtona w artykułach publikowanych w japońskim czasopiśmie młodzieżowym „Bōken Sekai” z późnego okresu Meiji i wczesnego Taishō. Analizowane teksty pochodzą z okresu, gdy redaktorami naczelnymi byli kolejno Oshikawa Shunrō (pionier japońskiej powieści przygodowej oraz SF) oraz Abu Tenpū (również autor powieści przygodowo-militarnych). W ramach kontekstu przedstawiona jest również historia recepcji postaci Aguinaldo i Washingtona oraz jej ideologiczne implikacje dla modernizującej się i zmierzającej ku budowie własnego imperium Japonii. Poprzez skupienie się na elementach retorycznych stanowiących lokalne adaptacje zachodniocentrycznych hierarchii rasowo-cywilizacyjnych możliwe jest wykazanie z jednej strony prób ich podważania poprzez postulowanie idei solidarności lub nawet sojuszu „kolorowych ras”, ale też i ideologiczne zaplątanie się, uniemożliwiające pełne wydostanie się autorów z paradygmatów misji cywilizacyjnej czy darwinizmu społecznego z ideą przetrwania najsilniejszego.
Znaczenie folklorystyki Yanagity w badaniach historycznych w Japonii
Authors: Splisgart Jacek
Published: January 2025

Yanagita Kunio is considered one of the leading representatives of Japanese cultural studies. This thinker, poet, and folklorist created in the twentieth century a new academic discipline that was to be Japan’s answer to Western hegemony in cultural studies. This article explores the relationship of Japanese folklore studies (Yanagita minzokugaku) with both anthropological and historical studies. The following part of the article examines Yanagita’s views on culture, history, the importance of folklore in historical research, and the role of Japanese scholars in the development of global cultural studies.
Tradycja, religia, presja społeczna i fanatyzm – ewolucja percepcji zbrodni i kary w Japonii
Authors: Czernichowska-Kramarz Linda
Published: January 2025

An article written by an “observer”, who, in accordance with the saying from the traditional Japanese game of go that “observers see more than players”, attempts to analyze the causes and methods of imposing penalties in Japan. The topic of the article is the evolution of the approach to crime and punishment from the Edo period (1603–1868) to modern times and the analysis of Japanese specifi city in this field. Direct observation of contemporary Japan shows that the approach to crime and punishment is strongly infl uenced by tradition, religion, social pressure, and fanaticism.

In the process of imposing punishment, apology (shazai), resolution to make amends (hansei), and compensation (tsugunai) are still important. One can effectively atone for one’s offenses by offering a sincere and sufficiently humble apology. In addition to referring to religion, which infl uenced the understanding of the essence of crime and the social attitude towards crime and punishment in Japan, this article focuses on the unique social and cultural factors that most provide most insight into a society, such as the binary oppositions of individualism-collectivism and tightness-looseness, and other features of the Japanese context. Taking into account the factor of fanaticism, the article raises the issue of religious sects in the 1990s and their contemporary consequences.

To achieve a goal and save face, the Japanese have been sacrificing individuals for the common good for centuries. Penalties were applied in such a way that they always took into account family and loved ones, and responsibility was understood collectively (rentai sekinin). The death penalty is still in force in Japan, but errors in its application are rarely exposed. Although life is not always lost, the punishment is a disgrace because it involves loss of face and no further prospects, even though modern legislation tries to provide opportunities for reintegration into society. Tradition, religion, social pressure, and fanaticism infl uence today’s generation in terms of predisposition to specifi c crimes, methods of imposing punishment, and articulating social condemnation.

The article discusses criminogenic factors, crimes committed over the years, and the relationship between crime and punishment, including the death penalty, from a unique insider’s perspective, deepened by studies on this topic from Western and Japanese sources. On this basis, the specifi cs of the perception of crime and punishment in Japan are formulated.
Intra-Party Democracy: Patterns of Change
Authors: Sobolewska-Myślik Katarzyna
Published: January 2025

The paper presents the main trends in the evolution of intra-party democracy (IPD) since the mid-20th century, when parties criticized for becoming elitist and distant from their members and voters, started to introduce reforms in their internal organization. The changes, aimed at more inclusive solutions, were referred to as ‘democratization’. In this paper, the development of the patterns of IPD is discussed not in terms of ‘democratization’ in the sense of ameliorating the democratic performance but as a search for more effective models of democracy, beyond the representative one. The latest cases of development of IPD based on the Internet and online platforms and the possibilities they offer are also included. Apart from changes introduced by parties, the results and consequences of those reforms are also discussed.
Party Membership Research: Methodological Changes and Challenges
Authors: Wincławska Maria , Pacześniak Anna
Published: January 2025

The decline in party membership across many democracies has raised significant concerns within numerous political parties. In response, established parties have introduced organisational innovations aimed at enhancing their appeal to potential members. At the same time, the political newcomers often reject traditional party structures in favour of movement-based models, which they perceive as a means to rejuvenate political engagement. However, despite their reluctance to offer conventional memberships, these new political movements actively engage individuals. This article reviews the research methods employed in the study of party membership. Utilising, to some degree, a database created from articles published in “Party Politics”, we examine whether changes in the subject matter and the status of party membership within organisations are reflected in the adaptation of established research methods and techniques. We evaluate whether new methods and techniques provide a deeper understanding of the phenomenon under investigation or if they merely represent superficial innovations or attractive ‘sprinkles’ that do not substantially contribute to generating new knowledge.
Cartel Parties and Beyond: What Characterizes Danish Parties?
Authors: Kosiara-Pedersen Karina
Published: January 2025

The cartel party model was published almost 30 years ago, and in this seminal article, Richard S. Katz and Peter Mair argued that Denmark was a most likely case for cartel party tendencies due to the collaborative nature of lawmaking with broad policy coalitions. Research at the time indicated that Danish parties only had cartel party traits at the party level, not at the party system level. However, since then, several new parties have been formed, and established parties have changed. Hence, the purpose here is to show whether six established and six new Danish parties are cartel parties at both the party and system level. The conclusion is that across established and new parties, and the party and system levels, there is increased cartelization in combination with traits from other party types.
A New Hybrid Algorithm Based on Ant Colony Optimization and Recurrent Neural Networks with Attention Mechanism for Solving the Traveling Salesman Problem
Authors: Soh Mathurin , Nguetoum Likeufack Anderson
Published: January 2025

In this paper, we propose a hybrid approach for solving the symmetric traveling salesman problem. The proposed approach combines the ant colony algorithm (ACO) with neural networks based on the attention mechanism. The idea is to use the predictive capacity of neural networks to guide the behaviour of ants in choosing the next cities to visit and to use the prediction results of the latter to update the pheromone matrix, thereby improving the quality of the solutions obtained. In concrete terms, attention is focused on the most promising cities by taking into account both distance and pheromone information thanks to the attention mechanism, which makes it possible to assign weights to each city according to its degree of relevance. These weights are then used to predict the next towns to visit for each city. Experimental results on instancesTSP from the TSPLIB library demonstrate that this hybrid approach is better compared to the classic ACO.

Dans cet article, nous proposons une approche hybride pour résoudre le problème du voyageur de commerce symétrique. L'approche proposée combine l'algorithme des colonies de fourmis (ACO) avec des réseaux neuronaux basés sur le mécanisme d'attention. L'idée est d'utiliser la capacité prédictive des réseaux neuronaux pour guider le comportement des fourmis dans le choix des prochaines villes à visiter et d'utiliser les résultats de la prédiction de ces dernières pour mettre à jour la matrice de phéromones, améliorant ainsi la qualité des solutions obtenues. Concrètement, l'attention est portée sur les villes les plus prometteuses en tenant compte à la fois des informations de distance et de phéromone grâce au mécanisme d'attention qui permet d'attribuer des poids à chaque ville en fonction de son degré de pertinence. Ces poids sont ensuite utilisés pour prédire les prochaines villes à visiter pour chaque ville. Résultats expérimentaux sur des instancesTSP de la bibliothèque TSPLIB démontrent que cette approche hybride est meilleure que l'ACO classique.
Diversity of Answers to Conjunctive Queries
Authors: Merkl Timo Camillo , Pichler Reinhard , Skritek Sebastian
Published: January 2025

Enumeration problems aim at outputting, without repetition, the set of solutions to a given problem instance. However, outputting the entire solution set may be prohibitively expensive if it is too big. In this case, outputting a small, sufficiently diverse subset of the solutions would be preferable. This leads to the Diverse-version of the original enumeration problem, where the goal is to achieve a certain level d of diversity by selecting k solutions. In this paper, we look at the Diverse-version of the query answering problem for Conjunctive Queries and extensions thereof. That is, we study the problem if it is possible to achieve a certain level d of diversity by selecting k answers to the given query and, in the positive case, to actually compute such k answers.