bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Mens health 8: eating disorders, domestic abuse and self-harming
Authors: Barber Chris
Published: June 2015

An earlier article in this series ( Barber, 2014 ) focused on an area of physical health largely experienced by women, that of breast cancer. This article will highlight three additional health issues that are usually associated with women: eating disorders, such as anorexia and bulimia; self-harming, such as cutting of various parts of the body; and domestic abuse.

This article will propose that men can also experience these issues and that, due to a gender bias on the part of both society and healthcare professionals, men's healthcare needs go largely unrecognised and unmet in these areas. Ways in which HCAs can support men who experience these issues will be suggested.
Theoretical interpretations of efficiency assessment models of public relations performance
Authors: Karazijienė Žaneta , Lapėnaitė-Lapaitė Kristina
Published: June 2015

This article provides the theoretical aspects for the assessment of public relations. First of all, the concept of public relations is formulated by submitting the analysis of the main definitions and highlighting their emphasis, identifying similarities and differences. The article also analyses the models of public relations, the essence of each of them is shortly discussed together with the possibilities for their application. The importance of the public relations processes is identified as well as the public relations performance efficiency assessment models are defined, based on which the companies may assess how the communication is managed with its target audiences. The scientific problem is raised – what theoretical concepts and methodological approaches need to be assessed for the public relations performance efficiency.
Democratizing the collection: Paradigm shifts in and through museum culture
Authors: Milroy A. K. , Rozefelds A. C.
Published: June 2015

The Queensland Museum geosciences collection is vast, with over five million individual items, intriguing, and of great interest to a wide variety of audiences in Australia and overseas. Recent developments in imaging technologies, the rapid evolution of the Internet, a corresponding increase in ‘digital natives’ and expectations of greater access to virtual collections are impetuses for museums, worldwide, to digitize their collections. This trend may be considered in a democratic context, as museums strive to provide online access. Their goal, in contrast to the two-­dimensional (2D) digitization of collections in Libraries/Art galleries/Herbaria, is to provide access to three-dimensional (3D) digital objects. The Queensland Museum, like most museums, only has a small portion of the collection on display and the most scientifically significant specimens are kept in a secure, environmentally controlled type store. This is one of the essential paradoxes of museums – that in order to protect and conserve natural history collections, physical access has to be restricted. However, we argue that in response to these emerging imaging technologies the traditional, scientific research culture of the museum is evolving and adapting novel research methodologies to enhance access to the most significant specimens held by the museum. As a result, the following artist–scientist–technology ­collaboration highlights our use of digital imaging techniques; specifically photogrammetry and medical computed tomography (CT) scanning to create ‘virtual’ type specimens. Two digitized type specimens are presented here as exemplars. We consider these as exciting first steps to democratizing the Museum’s geosciences collection, as an accessible on-line resource for a diversity of end users.
Ocean monster screen stars: The impact of J. E. Williamson in Australia
Authors: Elias Ann
Published: June 2015

In the days of silent movies, J. E. Williamson became famous for filming a 1916 adaptation of Jules Verne’s novel, Twenty Thousand Leagues under the Sea (1870). It was the first underwater film ever shot – using a submarine contraption he was able to photograph under the sea and stay dry. Almost immediately, his name, films and publications received attention in the Australian press. ‘Why not bring Williamson to Australia to explore the Great Barrier Reef underwater?’ asked one newspaper report. There were reports at the Great Barrier Reef of a giant sea serpent. But Williamson was already on his way to Scotland to hunt the Loch Ness Monster. Williamson did not visit Australia, but through a strange twist of fate one of his underwater photographs taken at the Bahamas became retitled ‘The Treasure Bridge of the Australian Great Barrier Reef’ by André Breton, leader of the Surrealists. This story unfolds between the years 1914 and 1940 and is the subject of the following article. The discussion emphasizes three points: the fluid world of image culture that emerged with new printing technologies and transport systems in the early twentieth century; the way this modern era valorized the film-maker who was also explorer and showman and in the process confused the boundaries between science and fiction; and how fear and loathing engendered by the sea had dire consequences for marine animals.
La circulación de las aguas y las dificultades de avenamiento en el Corredor de Almansa
Authors: Ponce Herrero Gabino
Published: June 2015

El Corredor de Almansa constituye una comarca situada a caballo entre las cuencas vertientes del Júcar, Segura y Vinalopó, sin que ninguno de sus cursos fluviales afluya a esos ríos. Se trata, pues, de una gran área endorreica donde son frecuentes las lagunas, debido a las condiciones estructurales y morfológicas del relieve, así como a las características de su clima. La carencia de avenamiento exorreico se resuelve, con frecuencia, mediante desagüe hipogeo, lo que ha dado origen a dolinas y simas kársticas.
La floricultura valenciana ante el reto europeo
Authors: Gómez López José Daniel
Published: June 2015

El presente artículo analiza el desarrollo del cultivo de flores y planta ornamental en la Comunidad Valenciana y particularmente en la provincia de Alicante. El incremento gradual de la producción de flores se debe en gran medida a las especiales condiciones climáticas existentes en la región, lo que permite cualitativamente y cuantitativamente competir con otros países productores en la Comunidad Económica Europea. No obstante, la problemática existente en torno a la sobreexplotación del agua, los escasos recursos financieros destinados al desarrollo de la investigación agrobiológica y la excesiva parcelación de las propiedades con la consecuente atomización de la oferta, son algunos de los problemas a los que se enfrenta la floricultura valenciana ante el ingreso en la Comunidad Económica Europea.
Un intento de modelizar el comportamiento electoral: el caso de la Comunidad Valenciana entre 1983 y 1987
Authors: Albertos Puebla Juan Miguel
Published: June 2015

El presente artículo explora la posibilidad de modelizar el comportamiento electoral, tomando como caso de estudio la evolución de los municipios de más de 2.000 habitantes en la Comunidad Valenciana entre 1983 y 1987. En concreto, se confirma la posibilidad de aplicar modelos de difusión de innovaciones, al comprobarse la existencia de niveles de saturación en el voto a las distintas opciones políticas, o la transmisión de los nuevos comportamientos electorales a través del sistema de ciudades en un proceso de filtraje hacia abajo.
Da Educação Superior: Um estudo sobre a Relação Professor-Aluno à partir da Perspectiva Psicanalítica
Authors: Silva Débora Dos Santos , Costa Raul Max Lucas da
Published: June 2015

O artigo pretende abordar as vicissitudes do processo de ensino-aprendizagem na educação superior, evidenciando os principais sujeitos envolvidos em tal processo, a saber: professores e alunos.  Sendo assim, recorreu-se à abordagem qualitativa de caráter bibliográfico. Utilizou-se como base ou unidade de análise a perspectiva psicanalítica que trabalha categorias como: afetividade, transferência, desejo de saber e discurso como laço social. Trabalhou-se também com teóricos que tratam especificamente da educação superior. Neste sentido, faz-se uma interface entre educação e psicanálise no intuito de propiciar uma maior compreensão da relação professor-aluno enquanto principal instrumento para que ocorra ou não aprendizagem e para que o desejo de saber do discente possa ser desenvolvido e constituir-se em verdadeiro campo para a construção de conhecimentos científicos.
Catheter-based intraluminal optical coherence tomography: comparison with digital light microscopy of ureter wall morphometry in porcine specimens
Authors: L. Mueller-Lisse Ulrike , Bauer Margit , A. Meissner Oliver , F. Reiser Maximilian , G. Stief Christian , G. Mueller-Lisse Ullrich
Published: June 2015

Objective: Reproducibility and agreement of width estimates for urothelium, lamina propria, and muscle layer of normal porcine ureter wall ex vivo were compared between catheter-mounted, intraluminal cross-sectional optical coherence tomography (OCT), as a new destruction-free optical imaging method that could be applied clinically to examine the upper urinary tract from within if found to reliably delineate its different anatomical layers, and whole-mount low-power digital light microscopy (DLM).
Materials and Methods: Eleven ex-vivo-specimens of porcine ureter were flushed with normal saline solution prior to OCT (catheter diameter, 0.014 inch, wavelength, 1300 ± 20 nm, LightLab Imaging, Inc., Westford, MA, USA) at marked locations. Ring-shaped (3 mm) ureter specimens were fixed in 4%-formalin, cut, whole-mounted, and hematoxilin-eosin-stained. Respective thicknesses of urothelium, lamina propria, and muscle layer of the ureter wall were compared between OCT and matching DLM slides (Axioplan2, Carl-Zeiss-Corporation, Jena, Germany) by two independent observers, applying Bland-Altmann plots and paired-data-Student-T-testing at P  < 0.05.
Results: Width estimates were reproducibly higher for urothelium by a factor of about 1.4 at OCT (60 ± 9–96 ± 18 μm) compared to DLM (45 ± 12–68 ± 9 μm, P  < 0.01), similar for lamina propria (OCT, 191 ± 21–233 ± 44 μm; DLM, 189 ± 48–326 ± 58 μm), and variable for muscle layer (OCT, 355 ± 109–631 ± 42 μm; DLM, 454 ± 97–527 ± 121 μm).
Conclusions: It appears that OCT reliably delineates ureter wall layers demonstrated by DLM, and that intra-observer reproducibility of the width of urothelium and lamina propria is high for both OCT and DLM, width estimates of lamina propria are reliable at OCT, and width of urothelium is reproducibly overestimated at OCT when compared with DLM.
Forming relationships on the e-commerce market as a basis to build loyalty and create value for the customer. Empirical findings
Authors: Michałowska Mariola , Kotylak Sławomir , Danielak Wiesław
Published: June 2015

The dynamic development of information technology, especially the Internet, which has taken place in recent years has brought many new opportunities to use the Internet in business operations. The Internet has created new opportunities for the development of enterprises. It was its dynamic boom that enabled e-commerce to gain in importance, and along with it made the changes in consumer behavior in terms of place, time and purchasing conditions. The aim of the paper is to present the key aspects in the development of relationships as a basis for building loyalty and creating value for the customer. Attainment of the objective will be aided by presentation of the results of survey regarding the identification of the measures taken to maintain lasting relationships that allow to build loyalty and create value for the customer. In addition, the study will identify the actions conducive to the growth of customer loyalty, which can be helpful in conducting e-business. In the research procedure we have used the analysis of the literature, statistical data and the results of the questionnaire study on the presented issues with customers from Lubuskie voivodship.
Mechanisms for the Reactions Following Radiative Neutron Capture in Liquid Organic Halides
Authors: Milman Miriam
Published: June 2015

The available data together with some recent work done by the author, have been reconsidered with regard to establishing a unified approach to the chemistry of hot atoms. It was found that the "Impact Model", originally proposed for the hot reactions of tritium atoms in gases, can also give an adequate picture for the reactions of activated halogen atoms in liquid organic halides.
Physico-Chemical Effects of Neutron Capture in Liquid Systems
Authors: Shaw P. F. D.
Published: June 2015

Possible physical effects produced by the heating of the liquid in the vicinity of an atom activated by neutron capture have been considered, and the results have been used to calculate the yields of bromoethane obtained in bromoethane-bromine mixtures. The effects of change of temperature upon the yields have been examined, and are in approximate agreement with those observed.
Photoproduction of Uranium-237
Authors: Akatsu Elko , Kuroyanagi Tokihiro , Ishimori Tomitaro
Published: June 2015

A mixture of uranium dioxide and boric acid (1:10) was bombarded for one hour with a 20 MeV bremsstrahlung from a linear electron accelerator. After bombardement uranium was chemically separated from fission products. The existence of uranium-237 in the purified uranium, formed by (γ, n) reaction, was proved with the aid of beta and gamma spectrometry, and decay curve measurement. The radiochemical purity of uranium-237 was 99.999% immediately after purification, and the specific activity 0.2 mC/g. It was found possible to prepare 1 mC of uranium-237 from one gram of uranium dioxide in a bombardment of several hours' duration.
Radiochemical Separation of Thallium by Amalgam Exchange
Authors: Qureshi Iqbal H. , Meinke W. Wayne
Published: June 2015

The radiochemical separation of thallium by an amalgam exchange technique has been critically evaluated for the aqueous 0.5 M sodium nitrate system. With an optimized procedure, thallium yields of more than 95% were obtained while yields of contaminants, in most cases, were less than 0.1%. The yield is relatively insensitive to interferences from mineral acids, alkalies and salts, except for halogen acids, sulphites and oxidizing agents. At room temperature the procedure requires about 6 minutes while at 50 °C it can be carried out in only 4 minutes. The application of this method to the separation of radio-thallium in the presence of fission products requires about 8 minutes. This procedure appears to have useful potential for the separation of short-lived isotopes of thallium and can readily be modified for the determination of small amounts of thallium in various samples when used in conjunction with neutron activation analysis.
Die Chemie des Promethiums
Authors: Weigel F. , Scherer V.
Published: June 2015

Promethium(III)-oxid, Pm2O3, wurde durch Verglühen von Promethium(III)-oxalat-10-Hydrat und Promethium(III)-hydroxid bei Temperaturen im Bereich von 600-1800°C dargestellt. Es existiert in allen drei für die Lanthanidenoxide bekannten polymorphen Modifikationen (A-, B- und C-Form).

C-Pm2O3 wird beim Verglühen von Promethium(III)-oxalat-10-Hydrat, Pm2(C2O4)8 • 10H2O, im Vakuum bei Temperaturen im Bereich 600-950° C erhalten. Es ist korallenrot und kristallisiert kubisch mit a = 10,99 ± 0,01 Å. Die berechnete Dichte hat den Wert 6,84 gcm-3.

B-Pm2O3 entsteht beim Verglühen des Oxalat-lO-Hydrats an der Luft bei Temperaturen oberhalb 950° C. Es ist violettrosa und kristallisiert monoklin mit a = 14,25 Å, b = 3,66 Å, c = 8,93 Å und
β
= 100° Cʹ.

Die berechnete Dichte hat den Wert 7,43 gcm-3.

A-Pm2O3 wird erhalten, wenn frisch gefälltes und getrocknetes Promethium(III)-hydroxid an Luft oder in Argonatmosphäre mehrere Stunden im Platintiegel oder Sinterkorundtiegel auf > 1600 °C erhitzt wird.

Es ist blauviolett und kristallisiert hexagonal mit a = 3,802 Å und c = 5,954 Å. Die berechnete Dichte hat den Wert 7,62 gcm-3.

Aus den Temperaturen, bei denen die einzelnen Modifikationen dargestellt wurden, lassen sich die Existenzbereiche der A-, B- und C-Form abschätzen.
The Europium Isotopes 142Eu, 143Eu and 144Eu
Authors: Malan H. P. , Münzel H. , Pfennig G.
Published: June 2015

Two short-lived activities, with half-lives 2.61 ± 0.03 min and 1.2 ± 0.2 min, were produced by (d, xn) reactions on 144Sm. On the basis of chemical separations and their genetic relationships these activities were assigned to 143Eu and 142Eu, respectively. Gamma rays of 1.11 and 1.55 MeV are associated with the decay of 148Eu, and those of 0.77 and 1.03 MeV with the decay of 142Eu. Reported data on 144Eu could not be confirmed.

The half-life of 143Sm has been re-determined as 8.84 ± 0.02 min. Analysis of the gamma ray spectra yielded a new gamma ray of 1.52 MeV.
Trainee Perspectives on Manikin Death During Mock Codes
Authors: Lizotte Marie-Hélène , Latraverse Véronique , Moussa Ahmed , Lachance Christian , Barrington Keith , Janvier Annie
Published: June 2015

BACKGROUND:

The acceptability of simulated death has been debated by experts, but there is scarce information regarding trainees' perspective.

METHODS:

Trainees in a large pediatric program were invited to perform mock codes, including pre and post questionnaires. Participants were exposed to 2 mock codes of neonates born pulseless. In the RESUSC scenario, the manikin responded to adequate resuscitation; in the DEATH scenario, the manikin remained pulseless. Mock codes were videotaped and evaluated by using the Neonatal Resuscitation Program score sheet. Debriefing was analyzed by using qualitative methodology.

RESULTS:

Fifty-nine of 62 trainees answered the questionnaire, and 42 performed a total of 84 mock codes. All trainees found mock codes beneficial and would appreciate being exposed to more. Most found them realistic and 78% agreed with the following statement: “During mock codes the manikin improves when adequate resuscitation steps are provided.” The scenario or order of scenario did not affect performance (RESUSC versus DEATH). Only 1 trainee stopped resuscitation after 10 minutes of asystole; 31% had not ceased resuscitation efforts by 20 minutes. During debriefing and post questionnaire, trainees found the DEATH scenario more stressful than RESUSC. Trainees all answered the following question during debriefing: “How did this go for you?” Two themes were identified in their answers: (1) the manikin does not die; and (2) death equals inadequate resuscitation.

CONCLUSIONS:

The death of the manikin was stressful, but trainees thought this was acceptable and prepared them for their future. Trainees did not state that “death disclosures” were necessary before a simulated death.
Assessment of wax coatings in postharvest preservation of the pea (Pisum sativum L.) var. Santa Isabel
Authors: Padilla T. Luis Gabriel , Zurita V. Jorge Umberto
Published: June 2015

The ‘Santa Isabel’ pea is the most sown regional variety in Colombia. In order to evaluate the postharvest behavior of ‘Santa Isabel', an experiment was conducted that subjected fresh podded peas to different edible wax-coating treatments (Taowax verduras, Ceratec, Ceratec wwd (without washing or disinfection), castor oil, and mineral oil) and compared them to treatments with the non-edible wax Cerabrix grees or without waxing (control). The peas were stored in a growth chamber for 2 weeks at a temperature of 7±2ºC and a relative humidity of 70±8%. The coating of the pods significantly decreased the loss of fresh weight in the six treatments with coatings, as compared to the control (without coatings). The wax coatings that lost less water included Cerabrix grees (7.78%) and Taowax verduras (10.65%), as compared to the control (37.79%). The pH of the grains generally decreased during the 14 days of storage; however, after 10 days, the peas coated with Ceratec and Ceratec wwd again increased the pH of the grain. Furthermore, all of the coatings demonstrated a low incidence of pathogens in the pods, with the better results occurring in the non-edible Cerabrix grees and the edible Taowax verduras; the latter wax also had a good aroma, appearance, and color.
Action verbal fluency in Parkinson’s patients
Authors: Rodrigues Inês Tello , Ferreira Joaquim J. , Coelho Miguel , Rosa Mario M. , Castro-Caldas Alexandre
Published: June 2015

We compared the performance of 31 non-demented Parkinson´s disease (PD) patients to 61 healthy controls in an action verbal fluency task. Semantic and phonemic fluencies, cognitive impairment and behavioural dysfunction were also assessed. The mean disease duration of PD was 9.8 years (standard deviation (SD) = 6.13). There were no age (U = 899.5, p = 0.616), gender(chi-square = 0.00, p = 1.00) or literacy (U = 956, p = 0.96) differences between the two groups. A significant difference was observed between the two groups in the action verbal fluency task (U = 406.5, p < 0.01) that was not found in the other fluency tasks. The education level was the only biographical variable that influenced the action (verb) fluency outcomes, irrespective of disease duration. Our findings suggest a correlation between the disease mechanisms in PD and a specific verb deficit, support the validity of the action (verb) fluency as an executive function measure and suggest that this task provides unique information not captured with traditional executive function tasks.
Dinastíneos (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Dynastinae) do parque nacional do Jaú, Amazonas, Brasil
Authors: ANDREAZZE Ricardo
Published: June 2015

Besouros dinastíneos foram coletados no Parque Nacional do Jaú, Estado do Amazonas, entre julho de 1993 a junho 1996, em dias de Lua minguante e nova, em 5 localidades diferentes, abrangendo principalmente a região dos baixos cursos dos rios Jaú, Carabinani e Unini. Utilizou-se para as coletas luz mista de mercúrio de 250 W e duas lâmpadas ultra-violeta, black-light (BL) e black-light blue (BLB), sobre um lençol branco em períodos diários de 12 horas consecutivas. Foram identificadas 34 espécies de 14 gêneros, sendo as espécies da tribo Cyclocephalini as mais representadas (19 espécies), seguidas por Oryetini (6 spp.), Phileurini (4 spp.), Pentodontini (3 spp.) e Dynastini com 2 espécies.
Composição corporal e alimentar do Matrinxã, Brycon cephalus (Günther, 1869), na Amazônia central
Authors: PIZANGO-PAIMA Emer Gloria , PEREIRA-FILHO Manoel , de OLIVEIRA-PEREIRA Maria Inêz
Published: June 2015

Foram estudados a dieta, a composição corporal e o valor de energia bruta do conteúdo estomacal, filé e fígado, bem como alguns frutos e sementes que fazem parte da dieta do matrinxã, relacionando-se estes parâmetros com as flutuações do nível da água durante um ciclo anual. Observou-se que a espécie se alimenta de sementes, frutos, flores, restos de vegetais e insetos, apresentando hábito alimentar onívoro. Estômagos vazios foram frequentes (68,5%) nos diferentes períodos hidrológicos. As análises proximais e valor da energia bruta do filé e fígado dos peixes analisados não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os sexos (P>0,05). No entanto, observou-se diferenças entre os períodos de águas baixas e altas. As médias das composições centesimais e os valores de energia bruta do conteúdo estomacal, expressos com base na matéria seca revelaram, na enchente, um baixo teor de proteína (8,9%) e cinza (1,3%), alto valor de lipídios (70,2%) e energia (775 Kcal EB/100g). Na seca, o teor de proteína (24,9%) e cinza (6,3%) foram maiores, porém os teores de lipídios (13,2%) e de energia (416,9 Kcal EB 100g) foram mais baixos que na cheia. Foi verificado abundante depósito de gordura cavitária o ano todo, diminuindo em janeiro, mês em que o matrinxã realiza a desova.
Germinação de sementes e inoculação de mudas de Macacaúba (Platymiscium Trinitatis Benth. - Leguminosae Papilionoideae) com rizóbios em latossolo amarelo
Authors: SOUZA Luiz Augusto Gomes de , SILVA Marlene Freitas da , DANTAS Adilson Rodrigues
Published: June 2015

Foram obtidas informações silviculturais sobre a macacaúba - Platymiscium trinitatis Benth (Leguminosae Papilionoideae), abordando aspectos da germinação das sementes e do efeito da inoculação com rizóbios na formação de mudas. A semeadura foi efetuada em areia, acompanhada por 45 dias, e as plântulas repicadas para sacos com latossolo amarelo coletado após a queima da vegetação, no horizonte A (0-20 cm), distribuído em recipientes plásticos com capacidade para 2,0 kg de solo. As mudas foram submetidas a tratamentos de adubação com Ν mineral (50 kg/ha) ou a inoculação com estirpes de rizóbios da coleção do INPA/CPCA. O desenvolvimento das mudas foi acompanhado com avaliação mensal do comprimento do caule e diâmetro do colo das plantas. Aos 126 dias estas foram colhidas e avaliadas. As sementes apresentaram elevada viabilidade com 86% de germinação, iniciada aos 4 dias e distribuindo-se por 37 dias. O índice de Velocidade de Emergência foi de 21,9 (n = 200). A repicagem das plantas para sacos pode ser feita em 40 dias. Os rizóbios utilizados como inoculante formaram colônias brancas, com até 4 mm de diâmetro após a incubação, com características morfológicas e culturais bastante variadas. No viveiro as mudas apresentaram crescimento lento e não apresentaram resposta à inoculação, o que foi relacionado aos níveis elevados de matéria orgânica presentes, o que, entretanto, não favoreceu o seu desenvolvimento. O incremento mensal de comprimento do caule e diâmetro do colo das plantas foi de 2,49 cm e 0,45 mm, respectivamente.
Insetos associados à cultura da soja no estado do Acre, Brasil
Authors: THOMAZINI Marcílio José
Published: June 2015

A soja é uma cultura em expansão na região Norte e, no Estado do Acre está em fase de adaptação, o que pode levar ao surgimento de insetos e o comprometimento da produção dessa oleaginosa. Por isto, estudou-se a incidência de pragas e de seus inimigos naturais em onze cultivares de soja, em faixas de 40 χ 8m (320m2), em uma área de 3520m2. Em cada faixa monitorada, delimitou-se uma área de 80m2, onde não houve controle de pragas. Semanalmente, foram realizadas, em cada cultivar, duas amostragens na área pulverizada com inseticidas e duas em área não pulverizada, utilizando-se o método do pano de batida. Além disso, foram coletados ovos de percevejos-praga para determinação do nível de parasitoidismo dos mesmos. O principal inseto desfolhador foi Cerotoma tingomarianus Bechyné (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), que causou maior desfolha nas áreas não pulverizadas, enquanto Lebia concinna Germar (Coleoptera: Carabidae), Callida sp. (Coleoptera: Carabidae) e Tropiconabis sp. (Hemiptera: Nabidae) foram os predadores mais observados. Os percevejos sugadores de sementes mais representativos foram Piezodorus guildinii Westwood (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) e Euschistus heros Fabr. (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), que tiveram 39,9 e 53,3% de seus ovos parasitoidados, sendo 94,5 e 100,0% do parasitoidismo dos ovos desses percevejos efetuado pelo microhimenóptero Telenomus podisi Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae).
Aspectos morfológicos da germinação e do desenvolvimento Plantular em Euterpe precatoria Mart. (Açaí-do-Amazonas)
Authors: AGUIAR Madalena Otaviano , MENDONÇA Maria Sílvia de
Published: June 2015

Euterpe precatoria Mart. é uma palmeira amplamente distribuída na bacia Amazônica, em terra firme e em solos de várzea. Dos frutos obtêm-se o "vinho do açaí" e do ápice caulinar o palmito, que fazem desta palmeira um importante recurso alimentar. Neste trabalho é feita a descrição morfológica do desenvolvimento plantular durante a germinação da semente, contribuindo para o entendimento do processo e fornecendo subsídios para produção de mudas. A germinação é do tipo adjacente ligulada. A raiz primária emerge primeiro e desenvolve-se mais rapidamente que a plúmula; posteriormente, aparecem as raízes secundárias e terciárias.
Strategies of the small-scale fisheries on the Central Amazon floodplain
Authors: FREITAS Carlos Edwar de Carvalho , BATISTA Vandick da Silva , INHAMUNS Antonio José
Published: June 2015

A multivariate approach was applied to data of small-scale fisheries developed in Central Amazon, using information about catch composition, environment, fishing gear and season of the hydrological cycle. The correspondence analysis demonstrated to be a good tool for the analysis related multispecies fisheries. The analysis identified patterns of use of fisheries resources by the riverine communities, showing the correlation between the environmental factors and the fishing strategy for the capture of target fish species, indicating the high level of empiric knowledge about the environment and fisheries.
Changes in the floristic composition of a Terra Firme rain forest In Brazilian Amazonia over an eight-year period In response to logging
Authors: CARVALHO João Olegário Pereira de
Published: June 2015

Changes in the floristic composition over an eight-year period in a logged area at the Tapajós National Forest in Brazilian Amazonia arc discussed. Two treatments of different intensities of logging were compared with an undisturbed (control) forest. Data were collected from permanent sample-plots. The effects of logging on floristic composition were stronger in the more heavily logged treatment. The number of species decreased immediately after logging, but started to increase before the fifth year after logging and was higher at the end of the study period than before logging. The more heavily logged plots responded more to disturbances, as judged by the increase in the number of species during the period after logging. This forest appears to recover its initial floristic composition after disturbance without intervention.
Ocorrência de Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. em broca-do-café (Hypothenemus hampei, ferrari) no estado de Rondônia, Brasil1
Authors: COSTA José Nilton Medeiros , SILVA Rachel Barbosa da , RIBEIRO Paulina de Araújo , GARCIA Alvanir
Published: June 2015

Em trabalho efetuado visando o levantamento de inimigos naturais da broca-do-café (Hypothenemus hampei, Ferrari) no estado de Rondônia, verificou-se a ocorrência do fungo Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. conforme identificação da Embrapa Rondônia. Os frutos de café foram coletados em cafezais da cultivar Conilon (Coffea canephora), nos municípios de Rolim de Moura, Ouro Preto do Oeste e Machadinho do Oeste, Rondônia, nos meses de fevereiro a março de 2000. A percentagem média de infecção de B. bassiana em frutos broqueados variou de 0,23% a 0,47%, sendo menor que em outras regiões do Brasil.
Incidence and predicting factors of falls of older inpatients
Authors: Abreu Hellen Cristina de Almeida , Reiners Annelita Almeida Oliveira , Azevedo Rosemeiry Capriata de Souza , Silva Ageo Mário Cândido da , Abreu Débora Regina de Oliveira Moura , Oliveira Adriana Delmondes de
Published: June 2015

OBJECTIVE To estimate the incidence and predicting factors associated with falls among older inpatients.METHODS Prospective cohort study conducted in clinical units of three hospitals in Cuiaba, MT, Midwestern Brazil, from March to August 2013. In this study, 221 inpatients aged 60 or over were followed until hospital discharge, death, or fall. The method of incidence density was used to calculate incidence rates. Bivariate analysis was performed by Chi-square test, and multiple analysis was performed by Cox regression.RESULTS The incidence of falls was 12.6 per 1,000 patients/day. Predicting factors for falls during hospitalization were: low educational level (RR = 2.48; 95%CI 1.17;5.25), polypharmacy (RR = 4.42; 95%CI 1.77;11.05), visual impairment (RR = 2.06; 95%CI 1.01;4.23), gait and balance impairment (RR = 2.95; 95%CI 1.22;7.14), urinary incontinence (RR = 5.67; 95%CI 2.58;12.44) and use of laxatives (RR = 4.21; 95%CI 1.15;15.39) and antipsychotics (RR = 4.10; 95%CI 1.38;12.13).CONCLUSIONS The incidence of falls of older inpatients is high. Predicting factors found for falls were low education level, polypharmacy, visual impairment, gait and balance impairment, urinary incontinence and use of laxatives and antipsychotics. Measures to prevent falls in hospitals are needed to reduce the incidence of this event.
Evolution of Reading Literacy, or The New Adventures of the Push Me Pull You
Authors: Tsukerman Galina , Kovaleva Galina , Kuznetsova Marina
Published: June 2015

The Push–Pull tool is a combination of the PIRLS and PISA tests designed to assess literacy among school students of 4–9 grades and based around informational texts. The method allows to assess the dynamics of reading literacy among individuals and groups of school students. The paper presents data from three samples of school students who answered the Push–Pull questions twice in one or two years. All the samples reveal the same regular patterns: considerable progress in literacy among those who scored low the first time, and regress among those who initially performed the best. Besides, great differences were found between the best performers of the test in Russia and their counterparts in the OECD countries, which means regress among the best reading students has nothing to do with the processes of age-related development. Instead, it is explained through the culture-specific development tools and the lack of teaching methods required to ensure further expansion of the reading elite.
Undoing Appropriateness: Raciolinguistic Ideologies and Language Diversity in Education
Authors: Flores Nelson , Rosa Jonathan
Published: June 2015

In this article, Nelson Flores and Jonathan Rosa critique appropriateness-based approaches to language diversity in education. Those who subscribe to these approaches conceptualize standardized linguistic practices as an objective set of linguistic forms that are appropriate for an academic setting. In contrast, Flores and Rosa highlight the raciolinguistic ideologies through which racialized bodies come to be constructed as engaging in appropriately academic linguistic practices. Drawing on theories of language ideologies and racialization, they offer a perspective from which students classified as long-term English learners, heritage language learners, and Standard English learners can be understood to inhabit a shared racial positioning that frames their linguistic practices as deficient regardless of how closely they follow supposed rules of appropriateness. The authors illustrate how appropriateness-based approaches to language education are implicated in the reproduction of racial normativity by expecting language-minoritized students to model their linguistic practices after the white speaking subject despite the fact that the white listening subject continues to perceive their language use in racialized ways. They conclude with a call for reframing language diversity in education away from a discourse of appropriateness toward one that seeks to denaturalize standardized linguistic categories.
University level immersion: Students' perceptions of language activities
Authors: Weinberg Alysse , Burger Sandra
Published: June 2015

This article first presents a brief historical overview of immersion and a summary of research at the university level as well as the qualitative methodology used in our present research. It then describes the results of our study on immersion pedagogy at the post-secondary level: participants included 22 immersion students registered in four lower- and higher-level adjunct classes at the University of Ottawa in Canada, two in psychology and two in political sciences. Through focus group discussions these students described the different language activities and gave their perceptions of the usefulness of the activities for mastering both the content of the discipline course and the required language skills as well as how enjoyable they found them. Results reveal that students did mostly the same language activities based on reading, listening, writing, speaking, and vocabulary building. Students distinguished between the usefulness of an activity for mastering content course material and for learning the second language. They may or may not have enjoyed doing the activity regardless of how useful they found it. In general the lower-level students tended to be slightly more positive about their activities than the higher-level students.
Donner une voix aux Inuit urbains : « Photovoice » comme une pratique de multilittératie dans la construction d’identité et de savoirs transfrontaliers
Authors: Budach Gabriele , Patrick Donna
Published: June 2015

Cet article présente des résultats d’un projet de recherche ethnographique et collaboratif s’intéressant aux pratiques multimodales de littératie auprès de la communauté Inuit urbaine à Ottawa. Conçue comme un projet de recherche-action l’étude a été menée par des chercheurs universitaires en collaboration avec le programme de littératie familiale attaché au centre d’enfants Inuit à Ottawa (OICC). Cette recherche porte sur la méthode « Photovoice » et sa mise en pratique dans le contexte de la communauté Inuit urbaine. Notre recherche poursuit deux objectifs. Le premier consiste à explorer la façon dont « Photovoice » a été appropriée par la communauté Inuit urbaine comme un moyen de stimuler la réflexion sur l’expérience de migration transfrontalière et la création d’identités Inuit urbaines. Le deuxième cherche à reconnaître la méthode « Photovoice » comme une pratique sociale de littératie et à évaluer sa place comme méthodologie de recherche au sein des New Literacy Studies. Nos résultats de recherche suggérons que « Photovoice » en tant que méthode promouvant la multilittératie peut servir d’outil de réflexion et d’apprentissage dans le contexte communautaire des Inuits urbains ainsi que dans d’autres contextes.
La signification du plurilinguisme et la voix de jeunes Italo-canadiens
Authors: Byrd Clark Julie
Published: June 2015

Dans les systèmes éducatifs dans lesquels le plurilinguisme est en voie de devenir la norme, cet article vise à mieux comprendre l’impact des politiques linguistiques sur la construction identitaire, en définissant ce quiconstitue l’identité d’un Canadien plurilingue à travers la voix de jeunes Italo-canadiens qui sont des étudiants inscrits à un programme de formation des maîtres à Toronto et qui se destinent à devenir professeurs de français langue seconde (FLS). L’article est basé sur une recherche ethnographique interdisciplinaire de deux ans. Les analyses proposéesici proviennent d’une ethnographie sociolinguistique et interdisciplinaire de deux ans qui repose sur des travaux post-structuralistes portant sur la construction discursive des identités multiples et imbriquées combinés avec l’analyse du discours. Nos données dévoilent comment les pratiquessociales et langagières de ces jeunes rendent les processus de catégorisation sociale plus difficiles. Elles soulignent également des voix et des positionnements multiples au moyen d’un va-et-vient constant, ainsi que la façon dont les participants manient leur agency, c’est-à-dire leur capacitéde réaction face à une interaction non prédéterminée. Or, leurs discours révèlent la manière dont ils adhèrent, et répondent aux discours de langue, de pouvoir et de représentation. Les résultats nous permettent de repensernos conceptualisations du plurilinguisme tout en prenant en compte les dimensions complexes qui ce que signifie être et devenir plurilingue et qui font émerger de nouvelles pratiques de catégorisation sociale davantage plurielles et mouvantes.
Multidimensionality of assessment in the Common European Framework of Reference for languages (CEFR)
Authors: Piccardo Enrica
Published: June 2015

This article intends to discuss complexity of assessment by presenting its several layers and dimensions as they are conceptualized in the Common European Framework of Reference for languages (CEFR) and to show how the CEFR advocates an inclusive vision of assessment able to integrate several perspectives. After presenting the CEFR perspective of the nature and role of assessment, the article investigates some challenges practitioners are facing and their needs as to the assessment process. It also aims at casting light on the actual and potential impact of the CEFR on assessment cultures in different contexts. The data presented in this article, collected within the ECEP (Encouraging the Culture of Evaluation among Professionals) project of the Council of Europe and within its extension in the Canadian context, will help to understand why the CEFR can be seen as a relevant awareness-raising tool in the domain of assessment and beyond.
L’apprentissage du français L2 par l’expérience et par l’intégration du contenu à la langue : en route vers le changement à Glendon
Authors: Mougeon Françoise
Published: June 2015

S’inspirant du résultat d’une étude menée en 2010 par un groupe d’étudiantes en linguistique sur les perceptions et attitudes des étudiants de français langue seconde inscrits en premier cycle dans une université bilingue, un nouveau programme d’apprentissage du français langue seconde a été conçu sur une base intégrative de la langue et du contenu disciplinaire ciblé. Ce programme propose des apprentissages diversifiés pertinents à l’usage quasi-immédiat de la langue seconde en milieu universitaire. Ses éléments-clés incluent un module préparatoire à l’apprentissage des langues secondes visant à promouvoir une conscience métalinguistique chez les apprenants, un curriculum basé sur l’accomplissement de tâches pertinentes à leur spécialité, un système évaluatif s’appuyant sur des indicateurs de performance liés à l’accomplissement de telles tâches, ainsi que sur des possibilités d’apprentissage en classe et hors de classe grâce à l’intégration dans le curriculum de l’expérience pratique de l’usage de la langue en milieu naturel.
Fracture Characterization Using Flowback Salt-Concentration Transient
Authors: Zolfaghari Ashkan , Dehghanpour Hassan , Ghanbari Ebrahim , Bearinger Doug
Published: June 2015

As observed in many shale-gas operations, salt concentration of flowback water increases with time. Usually, the shape of salt-concentration/load-recovery plots is different from one well to another. We hypothesize that the shape of the salinity profile during the flowback process provides useful information about the complexity of the fracture network. In this study, we propose a model to describe the relationship between salinity and cumulative water production. We also compare the model results and flowback-salinity data to characterize the fracture network.

Flowback-salinity data are collected from three multifractured horizontal wells completed in the three shale members [Muskwa (Mu), Otter-Park (OP), and Evie (Ev)] of the Horn River Basin. The salinity profiles for the Mu and OP wells initially increase and finally reach a plateau, whereas the salinity profile for the Ev well shows a continuous increase and does not show a plateau. We hypothesize that the early water with lower salt concentration at the onset of the flowback process is mainly produced from the primary fractures with larger aperture size. Also, we believe that the fractures with smaller aperture size become more important as the flowback process progresses, and therefore, the high-salinity water produced at later times is mainly produced from secondary fractures. We also propose a model to describe the salinity-profile behaviors. The model presents the aperture-size distribution (ASD) of the fracture network. A comparative analysis of the model results and the flowback-salinity data indicates that the Ev well with a steady increase in its salinity profile has a wider ASD compared with the Mu and OP wells with a plateau in their salinity profiles. This suggests that the fracture network is more complex in Ev compared with those in Mu and OP. More-complex fracture network in Ev is also in agreement with its higher gas and lower water recovery during the flowback process as opposed to the lower gas and higher water recovery in Mu and OP.

The presented model for describing the behavior of the salinity profile during the flowback process and its meaningful relationship to the fracture-network complexity provide an alternative approach for reservoir characterization. This study encourages the industry to manage the flowback operations carefully and to monitor the water chemistry.
A New Test Rig for Experimental Studies of Drillstring Vibrations
Authors: Westermann H.. , Gorelik I.. , Rudat J.. , Moritz Christoph , Neubauer M.. , Wallaschek J.. , Höhn O..
Published: June 2015

The investigation of oilwell-drillstring dynamics is essential for understanding the complex behavior of downhole-vibration phenomena. Experimental test rigs allow a reproduction of critical vibrations in a laboratory environment with defined boundary conditions. Furthermore, measurements of mechanical quantities become possible, allowing a closer insight into the complex mechanisms of drillstring dynamics.

This article presents a new scaled rig for analyzing drillstring vibrations. A review of existing test rigs is given, and the new laboratory rig is presented. The experimental system consists of a rotating shaft representing a section of the bottomhole assembly between two stabilizers. It is capable of reproducing lateral drillstring vibrations with and without contact. Particularly, one can investigate the vibration phenomena of stick/slip, forward whirl, backward whirl, and snaking. The shaft is positioned horizontally and supported with a fixed and a floating bearing. An electric drive provides the required rotational speed. To induce an axial force into the shaft and to simulate the weight on bit, the test rig is composed of an axial-force module. The borehole/drillstring interaction is realized with a contact module that is positioned at the shaft's center. This contact module is equipped with two eddy-current sensors to measure the lateral deflection of the rotating shaft and three force sensors to determine the normal and tangential contact forces.

The paper provides a comparison of the new scaled rig to existing test setups and points out differences. Unique features of the new test rig are the application of mechanical similarity laws for the test-rig design as well as the possibility to measure the contact forces. Measurements of vibration phenomena with and without contact are shown to outline the potential of the new scaled rig.
Assessing public perception of odours in a community: case of Ayigya Zongo, an urban poor community in Ghana
Authors: Afful Kobina , Oduro-Kwarteng Sampson , Awuah Esi
Published: June 2015

Malodour has been identified as a barrier to utilization of sanitation facilities. It is generally recognized that for effective odour control measures to be implemented, the problem must first be quantified. With today's increasing levels of development, odour nuisance has become a major environmental issue. Citizen complaints about and reaction to odours caused by landfills (including refuse dump sites), waste water treatment plants (most of which are non-functional), public (communal) toilets, industrial processes, and other sources have made it difficult to secure sites for such facilities. Current trends show a community impact approach based on citizen involvement. This paper discusses a rapid baseline survey carried out as part of a community odour annoyance study conducted in Ayigya Zongo, an urban poor community in the Kumasi Metropolis in Ghana. The study quantified the public perception (impact) of all odours in the community through a face-to-face interview survey utilizing a structured questionnaire protocol. Responses from the survey were analysed with SPSS software program (version 20.0). Methods, results, and conclusions of the study are each discussed.