bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A prospective, randomised comparison of KingVision, Airtraq videolaryngoscopes and TotalTrack video intubating laryngeal mask for face-to-face intubation in morbidly obese patients
Authors: Nowak-Tim Justyna , Gaszynski Tomasz , Ratajczyk Pawel
Published: April 2022

Backgroud: Traditional endotracheal intubation demands unlimited access to the patient and possibility to stand behind his head. However, in case of difficult conditions in emergency settings we can use an alternative method. Face-to-face intubation can be performed in patients in semi-erect position, prone position and in the situation of difficult access to the head. Method: After obtaining an approval from the Local Ethics Committee Nr RNN/62/20/KE and written informed consent from the patients, we performed in 30 patients who were scheduled for planned operations, randomly divided into 3 subgroups of using KingVision or Airtraq videolaryngoscopes or TotalTrack video intubating laryngeal mask. Results: The intubation time was comparable between devices: 9.25 ±2.05 s vs 8 ±2.14 s (p=0.2322) in KingVision and Airtraq videolaryngscopes respectively and significantly longer for TotalTrack VILM: 23.5 ±3.89 sec. All three devices allowed for successful intubation in all cases. Both videolaryngoscopes appeared to deliver an optimal view of the entrance to larynx and TotalTrack worse but acceptable. All devices enable the operator to intubate with face-to-face method without any complications. Conclusions: KingVision and Airtraq videolaryngoscopes and TotalTrack VILM during face-to-face intubation allowed for front-access endotracheal intubation and ensured an good view of larynx entrance. We assume that in case of difficult access to the patient’s head or untypical position, the usage of examined video laryngoscopes, can be considered.
Can sacralization cause morphological changes in lumbar and abdominal muscles?
Authors: ÇANKAL Fatih , UÇAR İlyas , ÇINAROĞLU Selim , KARARTI Caner
Published: April 2022

Purpose
Although sacralization is one of the most common congenital anomalies of the spine, its effect on surrounding muscles is still not well known. This study was conducted to determine the size of the lumbar and abdominal muscles of the individuals with sacralization and to compare with the control group.
Methods
Eighty-five participants with sacralization phenomena and fifty-six asymptomatic participants were included in this study. Sacralization was classified according to the Castellvi classification. The cross-sectional area of the multifidus lumborum, erector spinae and rectus abdominis muscles, and the section thicknesses of external abdominal oblique, internal abdominal oblique and transversus abdominis muscles were measured bilaterally on axial computed tomography images at the L1-2 and L4-5 levels.
Results
ANCOVA revealed that there is no any significant group*side interaction effect regarding muscles sizes in terms of two groups in L1-L2 and L4-L5. In addition, ANCOVA revealed a both side effect [(p = .020; η2p = .038)] and group*side interaction effect [(p = .010; η2p = .049)] regarding length of the L5 transverse process (p˃.05).
Conclusions
Regardless of low back pain, muscle sizes are not associated with the sacralization phenomenon.
Nectin-4 promotes osteosarcoma progression and metastasis through activating PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling by down-regulation of miR-520c-3p
Authors: Liu Yongheng , Li Guanghao ,   Jinyan_feng@126.com Feng, Li Lili , Zhang Yan , Zhang Yanting , Huang Xiaoyu , Xu Yao , Zhang Jin , Wei Xianfu , Shen Yuxiang , Zhang Zhongmin , Han Xiuxin , Zhang Chao , Zhang Jin , Zhang Chao , Ma Yuling , Wang Guowen
Published: April 2022

Purpose
Nectin-4 was specifically up-regulated in various tumors, exerted crucial effects on tumor occurrence and development. Nevertheless, the role and molecular mechanism of Nectin-4 in osteosarcoma (OS) were rarely studied.
Methods
The expression of Nectin-4 and its relationship with clinical characteristics of OS were investigated using OS clinical tissues, tissue microarrays, TCGA and GEO databases. Moreover, the effect of Nectin-4 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion abilities were detected by in vitro functional assays, respectively. The RT-qPCR, Western blotting and luciferase reporter assays were performed to explore molecular mechanism which Nectin-4 mediated the expression of miR-520c-3p, thereby modulating PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling. In vivo mice models were used to validate the functional roles of Nectin-4 and miR-520c-3p.
Results
Nectin-4 displayed a higher expression in OS tissues compared with normal tissues. We also found that Nectin-4 overexpression was positively associated with tumor stage and metastasis in OS patients. Besides, the miR-520c-3p was negatively correlated with Nectin-4, and its low expression is closely related with tumor metastasis in OS patients. Functionally, Nectin-4 enhanced cells proliferation and cell mobility in vitro. Moreover, mice models with subcutaneous xenograft and lung metastasis confirmed that knockdown of Nectin-4 could suppress the tumorigenesis and tumor metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, Nectin-4 promoted epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by activating PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling through down-regulation of miR-520c-3p.
Conclusions
This study firstly clarified that Nectin-4 promoted OS progression and metastasis through activating PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling mediated by negative regulation of miR-520c-3p, which would open a novel avenue for identifying potential therapeutic target to improve patient outcomes.
A New Model in Medicine Education Smart Model Education Set
Authors: Taş Fatih , Bolatlı Güneş
Published: April 2022

Purpose
Education set consisting of three-dimensional smart interactive models with audio, visual, and light features and an application program that allows learning branches of science such as anatomy and histology at the same time can bring innovation to medicine and health education. Our study aims to show contributions of this education set, which we have patented, to student academic success and medical education.
Methods
The students participating in study consisted of three groups. Students were divided into Group 1 (classical education), Group 2 (smart model education set and theoretical expression), and Group 3 (smart model education set). Pre-test, post-test, and state anxiety scale applications were made to all groups before and after education. Trait anxiety scale was administered before education. Education set used in study includes hardware and software parts.
Results
Post-education state anxiety scale in Group 1 mean was significantly higher than Group 2 and 3 mean; Group 2 mean was significantly higher than Group 3 mean. There was no significant difference between groups regarding trait anxiety levels. It was observed that there was a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test in all three groups. The increase in post-test achievement level of Group 2 and 3 was significantly higher than Group 1.
Conclusions
Smart model education set integrates basic and clinical information. Mobile application will ensure continuity of theoretical and practical education at desired place and time. Invention will bring a new breath to basic medical education by preventing inequalities in medical and health sciences education.
Multistrain Probiotic mixture VSL#3 ameliorates inflammation of Gut-Liver axis in bacterial endotoxin Lipopolysaccharide exposed mice
Authors: Babu Gyan , Mohanty Banalata
Published: April 2022

The gastrointestinal (GI) tract mucosa serves as the barrier limiting dissemination of pathogenic microbes, microbial components and other food associated toxins to reach general circulation. When this barrier disrupts in diseases such as GI tract inflammation, pathogenic bacteria, microbial components and other toxins translocate from the gut lumen in to systemic circulation. Liver is in direct vascular connection with gut through portal circulation and is highly susceptible to inflammation on exposure to these toxins. The present study demonstrated that bacterial cell wall endotoxin lipopolysaccharide/LPS induced inflammation of both gut and liver of mice. Intraperitoneal exposure of mice to LPS (1mg/kg bw/day) caused histopathological alterations of both Jejunum-ileum and colon of GI tract. Distinct histopathological alterations of liver were observed as well. Increased plasma pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α and decreased of antioxidant defence enzymes Super oxide dismutase/SOD and catalase in both gut and liver of LPS-exposed mice indicated them as the biomarkers of inflammation. Increased serum level of transaminases (ALT & AST) further indicated hepatic inflammation. Supplementation of commercial probiotic VSL#3, a combination probiotic (eight different species of bacteria belonging to three different genera, Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria and Streptococcus) for a month (4 weeks: 0.6g/kg bw/day) attenuated the inflammation decreasing the plasma pro-inflammatory cytokines, serum ALT and AST, and reducing the oxidative stress as reflected in the improved histological architecture of both gut and liver. Thus, the modulation of intestinal microbiota is critical to maintaining homeostasis of the gut-liver axis and an emerging therapeutic strategy in treatment of gut dysbiosis and hepatic pathology.
Response to PD-1 Blockers Alone or Combined with Anlotinib in Treatment of Anaplastic and Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma : A Real-world Study to Identify Best-benefited Patients
Authors: Ma Yifei , Wang Youlong , Zhu Pengfei , Zeng Jiling , Hu Ying-Ying , Wu Hao , Shi Huazheng , Fan Wei , Wang Xinjia
Published: April 2022

BackgroundAnaplastic and poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (ATC/PDTC) have poor survival outcomes. Mono-therapy with either immuno-therapy or tyrosine kinase blockers (TKI) is sparsely reported and seems not to significantly affect prognosis or survival. We sought to testify whether combined therapies have a better outcome in real-world settings. Pathological plus PET/CT volumetric biomarkers were analyzed to find crosstalk associated with response.MethodsPatients receiving PD-1 blockers alone or combined with anlotinib were recruited to undergo sequential PET/CT scanning. Propensity score-matched analysis was carried out for comparison of treatment outcomes. Structure equation modeling was carried out to investigate the crosstalk among sensitive biomarkers. A nomogram was developed and validated using the patients in the same centers.ResultsA total of 69 patients received either combined or mono-therapy with a clinical benefit rate of 88.41% (61 / 69) and tolerable adverse events, with a mean survival time of 14.64 months. The mean survival time of the combined therapy group was 15.67 months. The mean improvement of total lesion glycolysis (TLG) for the combined group was 120.07 (29.42% improved from baseline). Angiogenic marker VEGFR, FGFR, and VEGF mediate the PD-1 blockade impact on TLG improvement.ConclusionAnti-angiogenic agents anlotinib could potentiate PD-1 blockade by diminishing angiogenesis or its downstream effects. The combined treatment increased survival and responses could be better evaluated by volumetric PET/CT parameters. Pathological biomarker expression levels were associated with TLG improvement in combined treatment.
Organelle resolved proteomics reveals new chordoma cell surface markers required for proliferation and association with outcome
Authors: Khan Shahbaz , Zuccato Jeffrey , Ignatchenko Vladimir , Singh Olivia , Govindarajan Meinusha , Waas Matthew , Gao Andrew , Zadeh Gelareh , Kislinger Thomas
Published: April 2022

BackgroundChordomas are rare, clinically aggressive tumors with a median survival of 6-7 years and a high rate of disease progression despite maximal surgery and radiotherapy. Given the limited options available to prevent and treat progression and relatively poor prognosis, there remains an urgent need for the development of novel therapies to improve clinical outcomes. Cell-surface proteins are attractive therapeutic targets due to their accessible subcellular localization.MethodsHere, we used a proteomics approach to identify novel chordoma-specific cell-surface protein markers. Four established chordoma cell lines were analyzed by quantitative proteomics using a comprehensive differential ultracentrifugation organellar fractionation approach. A subtractive proteomics strategy was applied to select proteins that are plasma membrane enriched. Using commercially available antibodies, the expression profiles of these cell-surface proteins were validated across chordoma cell lines, patient surgical tissue samples, and normal tissue lysates via Western blotting. The candidates were further validated by immunohistochemical analysis in a 25-patient tissue cohort. Finally, the essentiality of these candidates for in vitro chordoma growth was evaluated.ResultsMass spectrometry-based proteomics identified 120 high-confidence cell-surface proteins in four established chordoma cell line models. Systematic data integration prioritized two chordoma-specific cell surface proteins for further interrogation. Immunohistochemistry in a richly annotated cohort of chordoma tumor tissues revealed that PLA2R1 and SLC6A12 are broadly expressed in chordoma patient samples. Higher expression of PLA2R1 correlated with poor prognosis whereas SLC6A12 expression was significantly enriched in skull-base chordomas compared to those arising in the spine. Using a siRNA-mediated knockdown of PLA2R1, we demonstrated significant inhibition of cell growth and colony-forming ability, suggesting these proteins play an essential role in chordoma biology.ConclusionWe have comprehensively elucidated the proteome of four established chordoma cell lines. Subtractive proteomics and integrative data mining revealed novel cell-surface proteins required for chordoma cell survival and associated with clinical parameters in a small chordoma tissue sample cohort.
Microcrustaceans inhabiting tropical freshwater contaminated and non contaminated with arsenic: identification of regional suitable bioindicators.
Authors: Mendoza-Chávez Yadira J. , Uc-Castillo Luis , Gutiérrez-Aguirre Martha A. , Cervantes-Martínez Adrián , Martínez-Villegas Nadia
Published: April 2022

We investigated microcustraceans inhabiting arsenic contaminated and non contaminated freshwater in order to identify those absent in arsenic contaminated water as suitable bioindicators of arsenic contamination in tropical freshwater in mining and metallurgical areas in northern Mexico. For doing so, we collected zooplankton, water and sediment samples, at five sampling points in two sampling campaigns, to determine water temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), dissolved oxygen (DO), alkalinity (Alk), salinity (Sal), and total arsenic concentration in water and sediments samples. We additionally determine arsenic mobility from sediments and its speciation. We also identified microcrustacean species and determined abundance, richness and Shannon Index. Results showed that the maximum arsenic concentration in freshwater was 53.23 mg/L, while the minimum arsenic concentration was < 0.01 mg/L. Arsenic concentration in sediments was between 10.37 mg/kg and 2472.84 mg/kg, with high arsenic mobility (up to 100%) where the arsenic leached was As(V). Nine species of microcrustaceans were found. Simocephalus punctatus, Alona glabra, Eucyclops leptacanthus, Macrocyclops albidus and Pleuroxus (Picripleuroxus) quasidenticulatus, inhabiting arsenic-free water, Latonopsis australis, Eucyclops chihuahuensis, Acanthocyclops americanus, Pleuroxus (Picripleuroxus) quasidenticulatus, Macrocyclops albidus and Paracyclops chiltoni, inhabiting moderately and highly contaminated water. Simocephalus punctatus (Orlova-Bienkowskaja, 1998) was absent in contaminated water bodies in study area, and therefore we proposed this microcustracean could serve as a bioindicator of water quality in waterbodies contaminated with arsenic in study area and northern Mexico, where arsenic contamination is common ground.
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Environmental Toxic Metals Contaminants and Risk of Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Dev Priya , Gupta Priya , Mahapatra Archisman , Cyriac Mareena , Kumar Amit , Singh Varun Kumar , Mishra Vijaya Nath , Pathak Abhishek
Published: April 2022

BackgroundStroke is the second largest cause of mortality (WHO 2014) and long-lasting disability worldwide. Many risk factors are associated with stroke: age, gender, chronic illnesses, cardiovascular disease, lifestyle, and smoking. With global industrialisation, the roles of environmental contaminants and their association with stroke are still unclear and have attracted much more attention.MethodologyWe conducted a systematic review on environmental toxic metals contaminants and the risk of ischemic stroke. A comprehensive literature search was carried out till 30th June 2021 from databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Embase and Scopus. The quality of all the articles which met our inclusion criteria was assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa scaling, and four eligible studies were included for our systematic review.ResultThe serum and urine cadmium concentrations were positively associated with the risk of ischemic stroke. There is an inverse association of serum and urine concentration of Mercury (Hg), serum concentration of gold and cerium with ischemic stroke, and the serum and urine concentration of Lead (Pb) had no association with ischemic stroke risk.ConclusionThe study showed strong associations between heavy metals and ischemic strokes, but more studies are required to prove the associations.
Prediction of microvascular obstruction by coronary artery angiography score after acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction：a single-center retrospective observational study
Authors: Li Ziwen , Yin Hongbin , Wang Dehua , Zhang Yayun , Feng Yongli , Zhou Yi , Zhou Ying
Published: April 2022

Background: Some coronary artery angiography scores are associated with no-reflow phenomenon after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, quality evidence about the association between coronary artery angiography score and microvascular injury is still needed. Our study aimed to validate the ability of coronary artery angiography score in predicting microvascular obstruction (MVO) detected by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging.Methods: From October 2020 to October 2021, 141 consecutive patients with acute STEMI who underwent primary PCI and CMR were reviewed retrospectively. CMR were performed between 3 to 7 days after PCI. Patients were divided into MVO group and non-MVO group based on the CMR results. Two coronary artery angiography scores (SYNTAX score and Gensini score) were used to assess the severity of coronary artery atherosclerotic burden.Results: A total of 122 patients were included (mean age 60.6 ± 12.8 years). MVO occurred in 51 (41.8%) patients. Patients with MVO had higher SYNTAX scores (p < 0.001) and Gensini scores (p < 0.001) than those without MVO. Gensini score (r =0.580, p < 0.001) showed relative stronger correlation with infarction size than SYNTAX score (r =0.521, p < 0.001). The areas under the receiver operator characteristic curves of SYNTAX score and Gensini score for predicting MVO patients were 0.726 and 0.805. In multivariable regression analysis, peak troponin I (odd ratio [OR] = 1.196, p = 0.001), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (OR = 0.915, p = 0.021) and Gensini score (OR = 17.567, p = 0.016) were identified as independent predictors of MVO.Conclusions: In patients with acute STEMI undergoing primary PCI treatment, Gensini score showed relative stronger correlation with infarction size than SYNTAX score and Gensini score may be an independent predictor of MVO.
Human albumin administration is associated with increased in-hospital mortality in heart failure with hypoproteinaemia patients: analysis of MIMIC-III Database
Authors: Liu Xuebo , Yao Tongqing , Qian Jun , Chen Fei , Lin Hao , Lai Yan
Published: April 2022

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a growing health problem worldwide, especially in the senior. To overcome diuretic resistance in inpatients with HF and hypoproteinaemia, some doctors administer albumin combined with diuretics, though clinical studies on the use of albumin in patients with HF were rare. We aimed to clarify the effect on mortality of administering human albumin during management of HF inpatient especially with hypoproteinaemia.Methods: We extracted 6094 HF patients from Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care III (MIMIC-III) database. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to elucidate the relationship between serum albumin content and in-hospital mortality. Multivariate logistic regression models，propensity score matching (PSM) and lowess smoother curve were employed to analyze the relationship between albumin administration and clinical outcomes. The clinical outcomes contained in-hospital mortality, output at 24-hour, ICU length of stay (LOS) and hospital LOS. In addition, Kaplan-Meier (KM) curve was used to assess 90-day survival in albumin administration and non-albumin administration subgroups before and after PSM.Results: Patients with heart failure, serum albumin concentration is negatively correlated with risk of in-hospital death. Based on ROC curve, the optimal cut-off value for predicting the mortality were 2.9g/dl (area under curve (AUC)= 0.643). Albumin administration was significantly associated with increased mortality during hospitalization in the HF plus serum albumin≤2.9g/dl group (p<0.001), but no significant difference in serum albumin>2.9g/dl group (p= 0.25). After PSM in serum albumin≤2.9g/dl group, hospital LOS and ICU LOS were prolonged (p<0.001, p<0.001), output at 24-hour had no association with albumin infusion (p= 0.229), 90-day mortality was no significant difference between albumin administration and non-albumin administration patients with albumin≤2.9g/dl after PSM (p= 0.12). Conclusion: Albumin administration was associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality, as well as longer hospital LOS and ICU LOS among HF patients with hypoproteinaemia.
Finite element modelling on the effect of the height-to-diameter ratio of bilayer iron powder compact
Authors: Yusoff Syamimi Mohd , Tahir Suraya Mohd , Ariff Azmah Hanim Mohammed , Supeni Eris Elliandy , Anuar Mohd Shamsul
Published: April 2022

In this study, finite element modelling (FEM) had been implemented to capture the changes in interfacial local relative density (RD) distribution between compressed layers of a green bilayer iron powder compact system. Validation work had been taken as an initial work before undergoing several modelling tests on different green bilayer iron compacts with specified height-to-diameter (H/D) ratios. Our proposed experimental framework with a new mapping technique was used to gather the details of RD distribution on a real green single (Sample A1) and a bilayer iron sample (Sample A2). We produced the desired experimental local RD distribution under a magnification of 100X via an optical microscope and visualization through Tecplot software. An effective prediction on local RD distribution on single green iron powder compacts allowed for further assumption in layered samples. To proceed, four kinds of H/D ratios of 1.0 (Sample A2), 1.3 (Sample B), 1.6 (Sample C) and 1.9 (Sample D) were assigned for layers with the same thickness. Via modelling, observation on the highest interfacial local RD distribution had been successfully captured for H/D ratios of 1.0, followed by 1.3 and 1.6. It had been revealed that the green bilayer iron powder compacts efficiently delivered its densification as well as minimization on its density gradient compared to the green single iron powder compact.
Exploring the Target and Molecular Mechanism of Astragalus Membranaceus in the Treatment of Vascular Cognitive Impairment Based on Systematic Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Lin Long , Chen Wei , Yao Chun , Wu Lin , Yan Qian , Cai Xiaohua , Zhu Sijing , Lao Yilin , Zhang Guangfa , Lan Xuelin , Chen Yuanliang
Published: April 2022

Astragalus membranaceus (AM) is a kind of traditional Chinese herbal medicine that is extensively utilized in vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) treatment. Nevertheless, because of its complex ingredients, the exact molecular mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), STITCH, and SwissTargetPrediction have been utilized to gather the primary active ingredients of AM. The potential therapeutic targets of VCI were collected through GeneCards, OMIM, and DisGeNET databases. Then, the interactive network was drawn. The potential mechanism of AM in VCI treatment was demonstrated by means of enrichment analysis and network topology analysis of Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathway. Subsequently, molecular docking predicted the binding properties of its potential active ingredients and targets. 20 effective compounds and 733 targets were screened from AM, among which 158 targets were identified as possible targets of AM in treating VCI. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and topology analysis revealed that MAPK3 and MMP9 were the key targets of AM intervention in VCI. Molecular docking studies indicated that calycosin and quercetin may be potential active compounds of AM in VCI treatment. Our study contributes to an in-depth understanding of the pharmacological actions of AM in VCI treatment, which also offers a scientific foundation for greater understanding of the molecular mechanism of AM in treating VCI.
Telenursing a boon for healthcare in India: A scoping Review
Authors: Sharma Maneesh , P Bhawana , Sharma Dinesh K , Parashar Anil , Sevak Sanjay , Vyas Himanshu , Kalal Nipin
Published: April 2022

Introduction: In India there is a huge disparity among percentage of healthcare professionals in rural and urban areas. Majority of population in India lives in rural areas while more than 80% doctors serve in urban areas which imply that majority of healthcare serve only 20% or even less of population. To overcome the health care scarcity to rural population telemedicine and telenursing have shown potential to improve access to healthcare in a cost-effective manner, and to allow increased health literacy and personal well-being among patients Objective: Present scoping review aim to evaluate and summarize the findings of all relevant studies which uses telenursing as a delivery of health care services across the globe. Methods: The literature search was undertaken using PubMed, Embase, Medline, Clinical Key and Ovid discovery databases. The reference list of studies published from 2000 to till April 2021 were hand searched. Result: The result showed that telenursing services were begun in early 90s in abroad however, in India its was pioneered in 1997 by Apollo hospital but the still the horizon of telenursing in India is confined especially in terms of clinical practices. India being a disaster-prone country with an extreme geographical variation with a prevailing inadequacy of healthcare especially in remote areas, telenursing is still a vision for Indian healthcare system. Few barriers application to telenursing in India were documented as policy and social barrier, Lack of infrastructure, accreditation and regulatory bodies, skilled professionals and legal and ethical issues. Conclusion: In India, health care facilities are inaccessible in certain part of the country due to geographical variations, telenursing can play a pivotal role in facilitation of health care services to these areas just by overcoming the barriers.
WITHDRAWN: Factors Influencing Employees’ Information Security Awareness in the Telework Environment
Authors: Zhen Jie , Dong Kunxiang , Xie Zongxiao , Chen Lin
Published: April 2022

This study aims to identify and examine factors influencing employees’ information security awareness (ISA) in the telework environment. Specifically, the authors identify and examine the influence factors rooted in the knowledge-attitude-behavior (KAB) model (i.e., knowledge, attitude, and behavior) and knowledge inertia theory (i.e., experience and learning inertia). This research is among pioneering studies that identify and examine the factors influencing employees’ ISA in the telework environment. Our study is also one of the first to investigate antecedents to employees’ ISA rooted in the KAB model and knowledge inertia theory in a telework environment. Results show that employees’ ISA in the telework environment is significantly influenced by their knowledge, behavior toward following security guidelines, and learning inertia, whereas attitude and experience inertia have no significant effect on employees’ ISA.
The Associations of Heart Rate Variability with Stroke Outcomes: Mediating Effects of Inflammatory Markers
Authors: Wang Mengxing , Li Changhong , Xu Wangli , Jin Aoming , Meng Xia , Li Jiejie , Lin Jinxi , Li Hao , Pan Yuesong , Wang Yongjun
Published: April 2022

BackgroundHeart rate variability (HRV), as a sensitive index of autonomic nervous system (ANS) function, was supposed to be associated with risk of recurrent stroke and functional disability, and negatively related with inflammatory marker levels. Some studies showed that significant changes in HRV metrics might precede the development of asymptomatic or inflammatory flare. This study aimed to validate the association of HRV with stroke outcomes and inflammation, and further to investigate whether inflammatory markers were mediators of the association between HRV and stroke outcome.MethodsPatients were derived from the Third China National Stroke Registry from August 2015 to March 2018. HRV and inflammatory markers was measured at baseline. The primary outcome (ischemic stroke) and secondary outcomes (new stroke, composite vascular events, all-cause death and disability) were assessed at 1-year follow-up after stroke symptom onset. Mediation analysis was performed to estimate the mediation effect of inflammatory markers between HRV and stroke outcomes.ResultsA total of 4,592 patients were included in this analysis. The standard deviation of N-N intervals (SDNN) of HRV was negatively associated with inflammatory markers, including high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). The adjusted hazard ratio/odds ratio for the fourth vs. the first quartile of SDNN for Primary and all secondary outcomes were significant (P<0.05). The associations between SDNN and ischemic stroke, composite vascular events, all-cause death and disability at one year were mediated by hs-CRP were 3%, 4%, 7%, and 5%, respectively. The mediation proportions of association SDNN with ischemic stroke, composite vascular events, all-cause death and disability by IL-6 were 8%, 7%, 14%, and 13%, respectively. ConclusionsSDNN was an independent predictor for stroke outcomes and had a negative relationship with inflammatory markers. Inflammatory markers may partially mediate the relationship between heart rate variability and stroke outcomes at one year. However, the specific role of inflammation in HRV and stroke outcomes needs to be verified by more studies, and our results might provide clues for future studies.
Immunization and SARS-CoV-2 antibodies seroprevalence in a country with high vaccination coverage: Lessons from Chile
Authors: Aguilera Ximena , Gonzalez Claudia , Apablaza Mauricio , Rubilar Paola , Icaza Gloria , Ramirez-Santana Muriel , Perez Claudia , Cortes Lina Jimena , Núñez-Franz Loreto , Quezada-Gaete Rubén , Castillo-Laborde Carla , Correa Juan , Said Macarena , Hormazábal Juan , Vial Cecilia , Vial Pablo
Published: April 2022

Objective: Chile is among the most successful nations worldwide in COVID-19 vaccine rollout. By December 31st, 2021, 84.1% of the population was fully vaccinated, and 56.1% received booster doses using DIFFERENT TYPES OF COVID-19 VACCINES. In this context, we aimed to estimate the anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies following the infection and vaccination campaign.Study design: Population-based cross-sectional serosurvey based on a representative sample of the cities of Santiago, Coquimbo/La Serena, and Talca used in a previous study.Methods: We selected the participants using a three-stage stratified sampling. They were blood-sampled on-site and answered a questionnaire regarding COVID-19-associated variables and vaccination antecedents using Wantai SARS-CoV-2 Ab ELISA to determine seroprevalence. This research followed the generic protocol of World Health Organization Unity studies.Results: We recruited 2,198 individuals aged 7-93 between October 5th and November 25th, 2021. In our sample, 2,132 individuals received COVID-19 vaccinations (97%); 67 (3.1%) received one dose; 2,065 (93.9%) received the complete scheme; and 936 received the booster jab (42.6%). Antibody seroprevalence reached 97.3%, ranging from 40.9% among those not vaccinated to 99.8% in those with booster doses (OR=674.6, 154.8-2938.5). SARS-CoV-2 antibodies were associated with vaccination, previous COVID-19 diagnosis, age group, and city of residence. In contrast, we found no significant differences in the type of vaccine used, education, nationality, or type of health insurance.Conclusion: We found a seroprevalence close to 100% in the population aged seven years and older, primarily due to the successful vaccination program, which has a strong emphasis on universal access.
Understanding the physiological and biophysical response of urban roadside plantations for assessing adaptation and mitigation mechanisms toward vehicular emissions
Authors: Singh Hukum , Bandyopadhyay Shabnam , Kumar Amit
Published: April 2022

The plants follow various strategies for adapting and mitigating climatic and environmental stresses. This offers an opportunity to comprehend adaptation and mitigation mechanisms under changing climate and environment emerging from vehicular emissions. We deployed an approach, i.e., physiological (Phy) and biophysical (Bioph) functional traits (FTs) based approach to understand plant response for assessing adaptation and mitigation potential for offsetting long-term urban climate and environment. We investigated Phy and Bioph FTs of adaptation, especially transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (Gs) and resistance (SRes), water use efficiency (WUE), carboxylation efficiency (CE), mesophyll efficiency (ME), leaf thickness (LTh), and mitigation FTs, including CO2 assimilation rate (A), leaf dust retention efficiency (DRE), and cooling impacts (CI) of the roadside plantation (Delonix regia and Callistemon viminalis). The study reported the significant effects of the roadside urban environment on the modulation of FTs, one of the strategies that plants follow to adapt and mitigate the urban climate. The C. viminalis was reported as having a better adaptive nature with higher mitigation potential than the D. regia. It is advocated that the approach deployed in the study could be exploited for identifying more adaptive plantation species to develop urban green belts for mitigating urban climate and environments.
UNITARY STATES SUBNATIONAL LEVEL EXTERNAL RELATIONS AS AN ELEMENT OF THE EUROPEAN POLITICAL ARCHITECTURE
Authors:   National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Povalyashko Е.
Published: April 2022

In the second half of the XX century the researches have started to perceive regions both as a level of governance and as actors in the political process (I. Duhachek, M. Keating, etc.). A distinctive feature of the modern period is the active involvement of unitary subnational regions in political activity, which is especially evident in the example of the European Union. The objective of the research is to consider the external relations of the subnational regions of the unitary EU member-states as an element of the political architecture of this integration entity. A systematic and structural-functional approach is used to analyze the reasons for the development of external relations at the subnational level within the framework of integration unification, systematize these relations by groups and consider the degree of their embeddedness in the political architecture. The entire complex of external relations of subnational-level regions is divided into four groups depending on the number and level of actors. The analysis of these reasons, taking into account the groups of external relations, allowed us to confirm the hypothesis that the external relations of subnational regions of unitary countries (both asymmetric and symmetrical) within the EU can be considered as part of the EU political architecture. The embeddedness analysis of these links in the EU decision-making process allowed us to conclude that the external relations of the subnational regions of the unitary EU member-states have become part of the EU political architecture
DIRECTIONS OF REGIONAL POLICY TO IMPROVE THE STANDARD OF LIVING OF THE POPULATION (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF THE ALTAI REPUBLIC)
Authors:   Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Novosibirsk, Glotko A. , Shelkovnikov S. ,   Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Novosibirsk, Kuznetsova I. ,   Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, Novosibirsk, Klyueva I. ,   Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Novosibirsk
Published: April 2022

The article is devoted to improving state policy to improve the living standards of the population at the regional level and the mechanism for developing state policy in this area. The mechanism of implementation and the powers of the authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in the implementation of state policy to improve the standard of living of the population at the regional level has been studied. The effectiveness of the implementation of the regional policy to improve the standard of living of the population in the constituent entity of the Russian Federation has been determined. Problems were identified and recommendations were developed to improve the efficiency of the development and implementation of regional policies to improve the living standards of the population in the constituent entity of the Russian Federation
EMIGRATION OF THE POPULATION OF MONGOLIA: QUESTIONS AND ANALYSIS
Authors:   Department University of Finance and Economic, Ulaanbaatar, Imideeva I.
Published: April 2022

The work examines the processes of emigration of Mongolian citizens and their problems, including the author studied and analyzed the reasons for emigration. It should be noted that not so many decades have passed since the Mongols began to freely travel abroad, and therefore the relevance of the study carried out is to study the emigration process of Mongolian citizens and find out the nature of the reasons for the departure of citizens to other countries. The analysis of the emigration of the population was facilitated by various reasons, such as environmental, political, economic, social, cultural and others. In the methodological part, methods of sampling, collection and analysis of data, as well as methods of empirical research were used. The object of study is the emigration of the Mongolian population, the subject of the study is the study of the emigration process of Mongolian citizens in the context of different periods. The purpose of studying this direction is to study and identify the main difficulties and problems of the emigration process in Mongolia and present a comprehensive analysis. The methodological part of the study included the use of sampling methods, the use of methods for collecting and analyzing data, as well as empirical research. In the years before the pandemic, the number of Mongols, living and working in other countries, was constantly growing, but due to a number of reasons, including the pandemic, some citizens began to return to their homeland. The government of Mongolia has taken a number of measures to return its citizens to their homeland over the past and this year. A generation of young people aged 25-44 remains permanently. Studies have shown that India, Russia, China, Japan, Australia, Germany and Ireland are preferred for study, with the largest number of people going to South Korea, the Czech Republic and Hungary to work under labour contracts. In terms of the ratio of men and women over the years, a larger percentage falls on women according to the gender survey and indicates that the number of women living abroad exceeds the number of men. Thus, it is time to decide the need to form a single transparent system for the formal collection of information on external migration, including information on working and living conditions, on the consequences of migration, therefore, it will be easier to accurately determine the goals of the emigration outflow and one of the ways to find a solution to this issue. considered due to external emigration
STRUCTURE OF A PLUME CHANNEL FORMING IN A FLAT LAYER (MODELING OF A PLUME IN A SUBDUCTION ZONE)
Authors:   Sobolev Institute of Geology and Мineralogy SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Kirdyashkin A. , Kirdyashkin A. ,   Sobolev Institute of Geology and Мineralogy SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Distanov V. ,   Sobolev Institute of Geology and Мinerаlоgу SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Gladkov I. ,   V.S. Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Nepogodina Yu. ,   V.S.Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, Novosibirsk
Published: April 2022

Experimental studies of a plume forming in a flat paraffin layer above a local heat source are presented. The experiments were performed on an installation with a transparent front wall. The flat payer is inclined two degrees with respect to the gravity vector. The thermal power transferred from the plume conduit under conditions of stationary thermal conduction is determined. The structure of the plume conduit and the structure of free-convective flows are determined for different plume thermal power values. Free-convection flows along the conduit height are cellular ones. The cellular structure occurs due to unstable stratification along the height of the plume conduit. The ascending flow in the plume conduit is a localized jet stream; the descending flow exists along the perimeter of the conduit. The cell boundaries correspond to narrowings of the plume conduit, formed due to cooling of the descending flow to a temperature close to the melting point. The cell parameters are determined for different values of relative thermal power (Ka criterion).The free-convection flow structure in the cells of the plume conduit is elucidated. The modes of reaching the surface for plumes forming in a flat layer are determined in relation to Ka criterion. When the relative power Ka exceeds 1.14, the model plume reaches the surface with the formation of a mushroom-shaped head. This case may correspond to plumes responsible for the formation of batholiths in the Andean subduction zone. Experiments have shown that the structure of the plume conduit in a flat layer corresponds to the plume structure formed in a solid massif above a local heat source. Distinctions in the thermal and hydrodynamic structure for a flat layer are observed due to the solid surfaces bounding the layer.
CLASSIFICATION OF ORE FORMATIONS OF STRELTSOVSKY TYPE URANIUM DEPOSITS
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Chita, Ovseychuk V.
Published: April 2022

Based on the results of geological exploration and operational work on the uranium deposits of the Streltsovsky ore field, extensive material on their geological structure has been obtained. This material served as the basis for the analysis of the ore situation in deposits belonging to the hydrothermal type [2; 5]. The deposits are confined to the subsidence caldera and have similar mining and geological characteristics. The use of systems approach during the analysis of the received information has allowed to discharge three bunches of criterions of classification of ore objects: geologic, mining-and-geological and quality. The structural and morphological characteristics of ore formations, elements of their occurrence are classified as geological [3]. As mining and geological features, the following are considered: fracturing of rocks and ores, strength coefficient, stability, average power, variability of ore contours, complexity of ore objects. The qualitative characteristics include the content of uranium in ores, the share of metal reserves in technological grades of ores. In the course of research, the relationships between various classification features that can be expressed by mathematical formulas are obtained. Knowing the quantitative characteristics of ore formations, it is possible to predict the parameters of ore bodies, the use of various geotechnologies for the development of these ore objects. The analysis of all combination of performances hydrothermal uranium ores of the deposits Streltsovsky allows to divide all variety of ore educations into three types: I - powerful, II - medium power, III - low power. The combination of personal performances, inherent in each phylum, enables to justify original technologies of mining for each type of ore educations. Is established, that defining performances of classification of ore educations is the value of a mean power, thus character the convergence of reserves of ore on classes of power for each type is original, mean contents of uranium in ore object and character of convergence of reserves of metal in each class of the contents. Auxiliary performances of ore educations are a parameter of variability of an ore circuit, quotient of complication of ore body, quotient of dispersion of ore bodies in reservoir, the ore circuits1 confirmability from a section to a section. In practical and methodological terms, the proposed classification of ore objects makes it possible: to make a forecast of the development conditions at the stage of geological exploration; to use the regularities and characteristics inherent in each type of ore formations individually when justifying technical solutions
EAST TRANSBAIKAL ASTROBLEME
Authors:   Transbaikal State University, Chita, Pavlenko, Yu.
Published: April 2022

In comparison with the largest astroblem on the planet Vredeford (50 km2) the East Transbaikal astroblem (90 km2) is presented. The study of astroblems continues for respectively 135 and 345 years. The relevance of the research is the feasibility of the development of the original scientific problem - the trigger factor of endogenous mineralization of a large mining region of Russia. The object of the study is the Earth's crust of South-Eastern Transbaikalia to a depth of 15-20 km, the ring-block structure of which directly indicates the formation of impaction structure, and the subject - the features of the deep structure of ore-bearing structure. The aim of the study is genetic types of mineralization, and the main task to be solved is the regularities of spatial location of ore objects of different ranks. Both impact Proterozoic structures are comparable in size, represented by unique uranium-gold hydrothermal-metasomatic deposits of the Vitvatersrand Province and numerous multi-metal deposits of 45 ore formations of South-Eastern Transbaikalia - derivatives of respectively impact-hydrothermal (Vitvatersrand) and impact-magmatic, impact-hydrothermal, impact-metamorphic genetic types. Significant differences of ore provinces are due to the peculiarities of the geological structure of the regions and manifestation in Transbaikalia of the processes of Mesozoic oceanization of the Earth's crust, with which the main ore mineralization is associated. The system of 9 fluid-permeable zones developed on the basis of impact fractures is ore-bearing in the Transbaikal astroblem. Abnormally high depth and permeability for ore-bearing solutions are areas of intersection, junction zones. They contain localized mineralization in the rank of ore districts (structures of the fourth order), ore knots (structures of the fifth order), ore fields and deposits (structures of the sixth and seventh orders, respectively)