bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Virtual Clinic application – a new solution for modern medical education
Authors: Winder Mateusz , Chmiela Tomasz , Jarosińska Agnieszka , Karczmarczyk Katarzyna , Właszczuk Adam , Wierzba Dariusz , Żółtkowski Marcin , Cacko Andrzej , Francuz Tomasz
Published: October 2024

Wprowadzenie

Nagłe przejście na nauczanie zdalne spowodowane pandemią COVID-19 jednoznacznie wskazało na konieczność wprowadzenia radykalnych zmian technologicznych i instytucjonalnych do nauczania. Programy wspomagane wirtualną rzeczywistością (virtual reality – VR) i sztuczną inteligencją (artificial intelligence – AI) stają się nowymi i skutecznymi metodami wykorzystywanymi w edukacji i szkoleniach medycznych.

Materiał i metody

Wirtualna Klinika (Virtual Clinic – VC) to nowa aplikacja internetowa opracowana przez polskie uniwersytety medyczne, które wdrażają algorytmy AI do nauki przeprowadzania wywiadu lekarskiego, w tym pozyskiwania historii choroby pacjenta, przeprowadzania badania przedmiotowego oraz diagnostyki i planowania leczenia.
W badaniu wzięło udział 164 studentów medycyny, którzy przetestowali VC i wypełnili kwestionariusz online.

Wyniki

Wyniki ankiety wykazały, że 93,9% respondentów uważa, iż VC sprawdzi się jako narzędzie edukacyjne wspomagające nauczanie na wydziałach medycznych i nauk o zdrowiu.

Wnioski

Nasze wstępne doświadczenia sugerują, że wykorzystanie programów wspomaganych AI, takich jak VC, wydaje się wysoce wyczekiwane i uzasadnione w wyższym szkolnictwie medycznym.
Diversidad específica y su estado de conservación en las Lomas de Mangomarca, Perú
Authors: Rosales Benites (†) Marina , Castro Augusto , Lleellish Miguel , Mejía Jesús A. , Amaya Pedro M. , Carrasco Judith M. , Villafani-Vega Iris , Robles Rosmary , Vega Violeta , Franco Celso J.
Published: October 2024

Se caracterizó la diversidad específica del ecosistema frágil «Lomas de Mangomarca», ubicada en el distrito de San Juan de Lurigancho (Lima, Perú), a través de la identificación de las especies de líquenes, briófitos, plantas vasculares, reptiles, aves y mamíferos. Se incidió en el estado de conservación de las especies que habitan este ecosistema, conforme a la normatividad nacional de especies amenazadas. Se evaluaron las amenazas al ecosistema de lomas, mediante la observación directa en campo y la percepción de los pobladores por medio de encuestas. Se registraron 10 especies de líquenes, 4 de briófitos y 36 plantas vasculares, las cuales fueron complementadas con datos de estudios anteriores, dando un total de 67 especies, 28 aves, 3 reptiles y 1 mamífero, de las cuales 18 son especies endémicas de Perú. El estado de conservación de las especies a nivel global presenta 40 especies en riesgo de extinción incluidas en la Lista Roja global de la IUCN y 8 especies amenazadas a nivel nacional. El principal impulsor directo de amenaza al ecosistema de las Lomas de Mangomarca es la pérdida de hábitat causada por la expansión del casco urbano, y el impulsor indirecto, la débil gobernanza en las lomas. La conservación en este ecosistema es vital para evitar la extinción a nivel local de especies claves que habitan estos ecosistemas frágiles, debido a que el 35% de las especies registradas se encuentran en riesgo de extinción a nivel global y hay una reducción de la cobertura vegetal del 49% al 2020 con referencia al año 2000.
Productivity Variables for Adaptability of Cowpea Varieties under Strip Intercropping in Three Locations in Limpopo Province, South Africa
Authors: Asiwe J.N.A.
Published: October 2024

Background: The performance of five improved cowpea varieties under strip intercropping has been conducted in specific locations to assess their yield but their adaptability has not been determined. This paper presents results that assessed the adaptability of the improved cowpea varieties under strip intercropping in three locations in Limpopo province. Methods: Five cowpea varieties (TVu 13464, IT86D-1010, Glenda, IT82E-16 and IT87K-499-35) and maize were planted under strip intercropping in three locations (UL-Farm, Bela-Bela and Ga-Thaba) and two seasons. Data were collected on maturity, grain yield, land equivalent ratio, pods plant-1, plant height and seed size and were analysed using Genstat 20.1. Result: The ranking plot of grain yield indicates that the principal components (PC1 and PC2) explained 96.33% of the total sum of square variation. The results indicate that IT86D-1010 and IT82E-16 matured early and were best yielders. The LER from IT82E-16, IT86D-1010, TVu 13464 and IT87K-499-35 exceedingly performed better that from Glenda (Control) thus indicating that they are superior in adaptation and in resource utilization. The performance and adaptation of the varieties varied across locations: IT82E-16 is adapted to UL-Farm and Bela-Bela while IT86D-1010 and IT87K-499-35 are adapted to Ga-Thaba and their production should be based on their best location(s).
Dinámicas temporales y espaciales en la reconstrucción post-desastre
Authors: Rocchio Daniele , Domingo-Calabuig Débora , Khorami Majid , Narvaez-Purtschert Sebastian , Beltrán Montalvo Adrián Patricio
Published: October 2024

Este estudio explora la compleja interacción entre tiempo y espacio en el contexto de la reconstrucción post-desastre e introduce una perspectiva novedosa que trasciende las concepciones estáticas tradicionales asociadas con la arquitectura y la planificación urbana. A través de un análisis multiescala que integra dimensiones temporales (memoria, observación y proyección) con escalas espaciales que van desde edificaciones individuales hasta el tejido urbano más amplio, los resultados muestran que la reconstrucción no es meramente un proceso de reconstrucción física, sino también un acto de resignificar y reinterpretar el tiempo y el espacio. Se introduce el concepto de “tiempo cero” como un momento de estasis que precede a la reconstrucción, mientras que el “movimiento” se analiza como una metáfora del viaje hacia una renovada armonía espacial y social. Este artículo destaca la influencia mutua entre las prácticas de reconstrucción y las percepciones temporales y espaciales de los individuos, y sugiere enfoques de planificación que valoran la temporalidad y la flexibilidad espacial. Contribuyendo al debate sobre la resiliencia urbana, esta investigación ofrece perspectivas para enfoques de reconstrucción post-desastre sostenibles, inclusivos y arraigados en la comunidad.
Assessment of Positive Psychology Interventions for Elderly Individuals from Gerontological Perspective
Authors: Kırışık Sürer Hande , Ulusal Furkan , Borazan Nuran Gül
Published: October 2024

Studies on elderly individuals tends to focus on the problems of aging and how to deal with them. On the other hand, a limited number of studies have looked at positive emotions of elderly individuals. Positive emotions play an important role in overcoming problems when integrated with prevention, treatment and coping strategies. The positive psychology approach is closely related to positive emotions and works to understand and improve the positive aspects of life. Positive psychology interventions defined as interventions designed to develop positive emotions, cognitions and behaviors and included practices such as gratitude, forgiveness, life review therapy, reminiscence and self-management. The aim of this review is to identify the general characteristics of the interventions used in studies of positive psychology interventions and how they affect elderly people. In this context, the conceptual and methodological characteristics of the studies and their effects on elderly people were discussed by analysing the studies that directly addressed positive interventions for elderly people. In line with the findings of the analysed studies, suggestions for those working in this field are presented.
Improving Revenue Collection in Malawi. Tax Collectors’ Perspectives
Authors: Sulu Nyanyiwe , Moore Mick
Published: October 2024

Tax specialists have a great deal to say about how African tax collectors could work better. But they rarely seem to ask the tax collectors themselves. This paper reports from what we believe to be the first such survey. A random selection of 83 staff members working on domestic taxes at the Malawi Revenue Authority, equally divided between senior, supervisory, and junior categories, were asked to respond to a series of written questions to elicit their views on how the Revenue Authority could collect more revenue. The survey was an experiment. Two of the conclusions that emerge concern future research directions. One is that it is worth doing more of this kind of research, probably supplementing survey responses with more detailed focus group discussions. The other is that the perceptions of (lower ranking) tax collectors can supplement but not substitute for more expert judgements. Quite understandably, our (more junior) respondents generally answered questions about how to raise more revenue based on their often narrow and specific job roles and work experience. They are not best placed to recognise systemic problems or opportunities. For example, while senior staff identified the potential for raising more revenue from high net worth individuals (HNWIs), supervisory and junior staff saw more potential in the ‘informal sector’. The latter were also more concerned about the late filing of tax returns. The most policy-relevant conclusion concerns ways of more effectively taxing the informal sector. Our respondents pointed to a range of (lucrative) activities – like event planning and catering, used car dealers, hiring out private cars, foreign exchange trading, and moneylending – that avoid taxes because they are not run from identifiable business premises. They could, however, easily be traced and taxed because they have a significant social media presence. Finally, we were left with a tantalising suggestion from one of our more senior respondents that merits further research. It is possible that African governments raise less revenue than they could because the relationship between ministries of finance and tax collecting agencies is marked by tension and distrust. The tax collecting agencies negotiate annual collection targets that are easily achievable. When these have been achieved they trigger the payment of large bonuses to the collection staff, and these staff then have little incentive to collect more.
Characterisation of the metagenome of Peruvian Pisco grapes from Ica and Arequipa for the development of their regional identity
Authors: Sotomayor-Parian Raquel M. , Soto-Cordova Martin M. , Guzman Escudero Frank , Arakaki Mónica
Published: October 2024

Pisco grapes and their associated microbiome are the fundamental inputs for the production of Pisco; thus, knowledge of the varietal and regional differences between microbiota is of high value due to contribute to the distinctiveness and quality of the Pisco. To this end, the metagenomics can be applied for an in-depth exploration of the berry microbiome. The aim of this work was to characterise the metagenome of Peruvian Pisco grapes from Ica and Arequipa, thereby contributing to their regional identities. Sixteen composite samples of berries from the protected designation of origin regions of Ica and Arequipa were analysed for both bacteria and fungi via massive sequencing. Ralstonia, Gluconobacter, Pantoea, Tatumella, Bradyrhizobium, Komagataeibacter and some unclassified species from the Orbaceae family were identified as the predominant genera of bacteria, and Cladosporium, Starmerella, Pichia, Hanseniaspora, Wallemia, Claviceps, Alternaria and some unclassified species from the Saccharomycetales order or other orders within the Ascomycota division as the predominant fungi as well as its richness and diversity. As has been shown elsewhere in the literature regarding wine, we have proven here that the terroir of Pisco depends on the composition of the microbiome and is affected by edaphoclimatic factors and cultivation practices. These exploratory results will contribute to a better understanding of the terroir of Pisco, thus providing fundamental knowledge for its regional identity.
On the Natural Numbers that cannot be Expressed as a Sum of Two Primes
Authors: Szabó Peter
Published: October 2024

In the article, we define a sequence F: F(0) = 2, F(1) = 10, F(2) = 16, F(3) = 22, F(4) = 26, F(4) = 28, · · · , F(i) = F(i − 1) + l, where the number l ≤ 8 is defined by using prime numbers and matrix algebra. The sequence includes only even numbers and can be used to define a series of numbers F(i) + 1, the non-Goldbach sequence, that contains all numbers that cannot be written as the sum of two primes. The result is related to Goldbach’s conjecture. The famous Goldbach conjecture states that every even integer greater than 2 can be expressed as the sum of two primes.
Principles of Market Dynamics: Economic Dynamics and Standard Model (II)
Authors: Yang Yingrui
Published: October 2024

Market dynamics is based on classical electrodynamics and uses quantum electrodynamics as a reference model framework. Its construction is always based on Bourbaki structuralism. Market dynamics studies the interaction between price, demand and supply. Quantum electrodynamics studies the interaction between photons, electrons and positrons. Both belong to the category of single charge dynamics and share a symmetry group. Market dynamics introduces market charge and defines demand and supply respectively. By examining the market hesitation phenomenon, spin is introduced as the intrinsic property of demand and supply. Therefore, demand and supply can be defined by Dirac spinors. By introducing the coin cone and valence shell, virtual prices are defined; demand and supply interact by exchanging virtual prices. These interactions can be described by Feynman diagrams. The cognitive field has the function of polarizing decision-making and is described by the magnetic field. Market dynamics believes that the social economy itself is an experiment and every market participant is an observer. We established the non-commutative relationship of market observation and the market version of the uncertainty principle of observation information, and defined the quantum version of the invisible hand. On the basis of classical electrodynamics, the relationship between price field and Maxwell field is discussed, and the concept of gauge potential is introduced. Market fluctuations (including mesoscopic and quantum fluctuations) caused by high-order cognition (including gaming, decision-making and reasoning). The fluctuation phenomena inherent in various markets are the basis for understanding both the cognition of market participants and the phase transition of the market. Six components of the market wave function are defined, namely the global phase factor, global gauge potential and global gauge field strength, as well as the local phase factor, local gauge potential and local gauge field strength. Gauge transformation is a integral part of quantum electrodynamics and market dynamics. The gauge principle is then given to show that global symmetry is a necessary condition for local symmetry. Four operators are introduced, namely the Newton mean operator, the Einstein cone operator, the Schrödinger evolution operator and the Dirac field theory operator. These four operators are applied to the market wave function respectively, presenting four operator phases of the market wave function. The change of operator state is called the phase transition of the market wave function.
Visualization and Simulation of Foam-Assisted Gas Drive Mech-Anism in Surface Karst Slit-Hole Type Reservoirs
Authors: Chen Zhengbang , Wang Lei , Luo Juan , Zhang Jianpeng
Published: October 2024

Abstract: Nitrogen injection technology has become an important production technology after water injection development in the karst fracture-vuggy reservoir in Tahe oilfield. However, due to the influence of reservoir heterogeneity and high mobility of gas fluid, nitrogen is easy to form a dominant channel and gas channelling occurs, and the recovery effect time is short. Based on this, a visual surface karst model is designed and made to study nitrogen foam assisted gas drive. The results show that after gas channeling occurs in the dominant channel of nitrogen flooding, foam injection assisted gas flooding can improve oil recovery. In the longitudinal direction, foam assisted gas drive mainly displaces the remaining oil because of gravity differentiation and the reduction of oil-water interfacial tension. In the horizontal direction, foam assisted gas drive is mainly used to block the large pore cracks and dominant channels, and promote the gas to turn into the large tortuous and small cracks, and expand the swept efficiency of the gas.After forming the dominant channel, injecting 0.3pv salt-sensitive foam with a gas-liquid ratio of 2:1 in the middle of the gas channel can improve the recovery rate of the model from 4% to about 25%, and the recovery rate can be increased by about 20%, which improves the effect of gas flushing and improves the development efficiency of the oil field at the same time.
Curcumin and Piperine Nanoparticles inhibit CYP17A1 activity to Regulate Steroid Biosynthesis in Prostate Cancer
Authors: Yakubu Jibira , natsaridis evangelos , du Toit Therina , Sousa Barata Isabel , Tagit Oya , Pandey Amit
Published: October 2024

Endogenous androgens are pivotal in the development and progression of prostate cancer (PC). We investigated nanoparticle formulations of curcumin and piperine in modulating steroidogenesis within PC cells. Using multiple PC cell lines (LNCaP, VCaP, DU145 and PC3) we studied the effects of curcumin, piperine, and their nanoparticle formulations—curcumin nanoparticles, piperine nanoparticles, and curcumin-piperine nanoparticles (CPN)—on cell viability, migration, and steroid biosynthesis. Curcumin and its nanoparticle formulations significantly reduced cell viability in PC cells, with curcumin-piperine nanoparticles showing the highest efficacy. These treatments also inhibited cell migration, with CPN exhibiting the most pronounced effect. In assays for steroid biosynthesis, curcumin and its nanoparticle formulations, as well as piperine and its nanoparticles, selectively inhibited 17α-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities of cytochrome P450 17A1 (CYP17A1). Abiraterone, a CYP17A1 inhibitor, displayed a broader inhibition of steroid metabolism including cytochrome P450 21-hydroxylase activity, whereas curcumin and piperine provided a more targeted inhibition profile. Analysis of steroid metabolites by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry revealed that CPN caused significant reduction of androstenedione and cortisol, suggesting potential synergistic effects. In conclusion, nanoformulations co-loaded with curcumin and piperine offer an effective approach to targeting steroidogenesis and could be promising candidates for therapies aimed at managing androgen-dependent PC.
The Importance of Studying Infectious and Parasitic Diseases of Wild Animals in the Amazon Biome with a Focus on One Health
Authors: Salvarani Felipe Masiero , Oliveira Hanna Gabriela da Silva , Correa Letícia Yasmin Silva , Soares Aline Alessandra Lima , Ferreira Brenda Cabral
Published: October 2024

The Amazon Biome is home to an extraordinary diversity of wildlife, many of which are reservoirs or vectors for infectious and parasitic diseases that can impact not only the health of wild animals but also human and domestic animal populations. This review highlights the critical importance of studying infectious and parasitic diseases in wild animals within the Amazon, particularly in the context of the One Health approach, which recognizes the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health. The review examines key pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and parasites, that pose significant risks to wildlife conservation and public health. Through a synthesis of recent literature, the article emphasizes the need for comprehensive surveillance, research, and collaboration between veterinary, medical, and environmental sectors. The results underscore the urgent necessity for an integrated response to emerging diseases, particularly as environmental changes and human activities increasingly disrupt ecosystems in the region. The conclusions advocate for the reinforcement of One Health initiatives in the Amazon Biome to ensure the protection of biodiversity and the prevention of zoonotic disease transmission to human populations.
Nidogen 2 Overexpression Promotes Hepatosteatosis and Atherosclerosis
Authors: Kathuria Ishita , Prasad Aditi , Sharma Bal Krishan , Ofosu-Boateng Malvin , Aithabathula Ravi Varma , Gyamfi Maxwell A. , Jiang Jianxiong , Park Frank , Singh Udai P. , Singla Bhupesh
Published: October 2024

The clinical and genetic studies strongly support a significant connection between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) and identify ASCVD as the primary cause of death in NAFLD patients. Understanding the molecular factors and mechanisms regulating these diseases, is critical for developing novel therapies that target them simultaneously. Our preliminary immunoblotting experiments demonstrated elevated expression of nidogen 2 (NID2), a basement membrane glycoprotein, in human atherosclerotic vascular tissues and murine steatotic livers. Therefore, we investigated the role of NID2 in regulating hepatosteatosis and atherosclerosis utilizing Western diet-fed Apoe-/- mice with/without NID2 overexpression. Quantitative real-time PCR confirmed increased NID2 mRNA expression in multiple organs (liver, heart, kidney and adipose) of NID2-overexpressing mice. Male mice with NID2 overexpression exhibited higher liver and epididymal white adipose tissue mass, increased hepatic lipid accumulation and fibrosis. Additionally, these mice developed larger atherosclerotic lesions in the whole aortas and aortic roots, with increased necrotic core formation. Mechanistic studies showed reduced AMPK activation in the livers of NID2-overexpressing mice compared with controls, without any effects on hepatic inflammation. In conclusion, these findings suggest that NID2 plays a deleterious role in both hepatosteatosis and atherosclerosis, making it a potential therapeutic target for these conditions.
A Qualitative Descriptive Study of Rural Primary Healthcare Professionals’ Capacity for Disaster Health Management Pre- and During-COVID-19
Authors: Al qaf'an Ehmaidy , Alford Stewart , Mack Holly A , Sekhon Ravneet , Gray Samuel , Song Kiara , Willson Katie , Kelly Glynn , Lim David
Published: October 2024

Introduction: Rural areas face additional challenges in preventing, preparing for, responding to, and recovering from disasters. This study aimed to understand how rural General Practitioners PHCPs perceive their roles, involvement, and capacity in disaster health management. Methods: For this qualitative descriptive research, semi-structured interviews were carried out with convenience and purposive samples of rural PHCPs before and during the COVID pandemic. Open, axial, and selective coding were employed to analyse the data inductively. Results: five interviews were conducted pre-COVID and ten interviews during the second and third waves of COVID. Identified themes were similar between the two periods. Rural PHCPs were underutilised due to a lack of awareness of their capacity and a lack of infrastructure and support for greater involvement. Conclusion: Rural PHCPs can be better integrated and supported in readiness for a whole of system response to future disasters.
SIM Provisioning in 5G and IoT: Securing Mobile Connectivity for the Future
Authors: Bikkasani Dileesh chandra
Published: October 2024

This article explores the critical role of SIM provisioning in modern telecommunications, emphasizing its importance in ensuring secure and scalable mobile connectivity. It delves into the evolution of SIM provisioning processes, from traditional physical SIMs to eSIMs and remote provisioning. The paper discusses the technical aspects of provisioning, including unique identifier assignment and security configurations. It examines the challenges faced in scaling these systems for the growing number of connected devices. Furthermore, it explores future directions in SIM provisioning, including the integration of AI and blockchain technologies. It also considers the economic implications and relationship to emerging network technologies like 5G and IoT.
Data Science and Machine Learning for Network Management in Telecommunication Systems: Trends and Opportunities
Authors: Bikkasani Dileesh chandra
Published: October 2024

This paper examines the transformative impact of data science, machine learning (ML), and artificial intelligence (AI) on network management in telecommunications, focusing on techniques such as network monitoring, predictive maintenance, anomaly detection, automated network configuration, and self-healing mechanisms. We analyze specific methodologies, including deep learning for anomaly detection and federated learning for predictive maintenance, and address current challenges such as data quality, system integration, and model interpretability. Emerging technologies like edge computing, federated learning, and quantum computing are explored for their potential to enhance predictive maintenance and network management. The paper provides an overview of how AI-driven solutions are revolutionizing telecom networks, offering unprecedented efficiency, reliability, and performance while highlighting the need for ongoing research to tackle complex issues of explainability and privacy.
Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Cellulose from Aloe Vera Plant Residue and Preparation of CNC/PVA Hydrogels
Authors: Triantafyllou Eleni , Karydis-Messinis Andreas , Moschovas Dimitrios , Kyriakaki Christina , Vasilopoulos Konstantinos C , Giannakas Aris E. , Karakassides Michael A , Avgeropoulos Apostolos , Zafeiropoulos Nikolaos E , Salmas Constantinos E
Published: October 2024

Cellulose nanocrystals are of major research interest because of their use in biodegradable bioplastcs and food packaging, biomaterials, medical and pharmaceutical applications, cosmetics, electronics, and construction materials. This study introduces an approach combining microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of cellulose from Aloe Vera plant residue and subsequent isolation of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) utilizing sulfuric acid hydrolysis. The MAE process, characterized by its rapid heating and penetrating ability, was optimized to maximize cellulose yield from raw biomass sources under various conditions (microwave power, solvent ratio, and time). Following extraction, the purified cellulose was subjected to sulfuric acid hydrolysis under controlled conditions to yield CNCs, with the aim of preserving the intrinsic crystalline structure while enhancing the material's physicochemical properties. The search for biocompatible and biodegradable materials suitable for biomedical applications has led to significant interest in hydrogels composed of natural polymers. Among these, hydrogels synthesized from cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) have emerged as promising candidates due to their unique physical properties and compatibility with biological tissues. This study presents the formulation, characterization, and potential biomedical applications of a cellulose/PVA hydrogel. The hydrogel was synthesized to enable the formation of a semi-crystalline network that imparts the material with enhanced mechanical properties.
Review: Biocomposite Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering: Materials, Fabrication Techniques and Future Directions
Authors: Sultana Naznin , Cole Anisa Elaine , Strachan Francine
Published: October 2024

Tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary field that combines methods, materials, and biological molecules to fabricate newly formed tissues to replace or restore functional organs. Biomaterials-based scaffolds play a vital role in developing new tissue by interacting with human cells. Tissue Engineering scaffolds with ideal characteristics, namely, nontoxicity, biodegradability, and appropriate mechanical and surface properties, are vital for tissue regeneration applications. Although commonly utilized biomaterials can provide physical and chemical properties needed for tissue regeneration, inadequate biomimetic properties, as well as insufficient interactions of cells-scaffolds interaction, still need to be improved for the application of tissue engineering in vivo. Consequently, developing innovative biomaterials-based stimulus-responsive 3D scaffolds that can enhance the mediators of cell adhesion and cellular functioning and that can form functional tissues by providing structural integrity within an appropriate time is much needed. It is possible to achieve some essential features using a single material, so combining two or more materials may fulfill the requirements. In order to achieve a proper scaffold design, a suitable fabrication technique and combination of biomaterials with controlled micro or nanostructures are needed to achieve the proper biological responses. This review highlights the natural polymers, smart materials, and recent advanced techniques currently used to create emerging scaffolds for tissue regeneration applications.
In-Depth Summary of Intersected Hub-Genes Between Low-Grade and High-Grade Gliomas, from Bioinformatics and Literature Reports
Authors: AbuQeis Issam , Teeti Abeer , Zou Yu , Ajaj Monther , Teeti Amro , Wang Ting-Hua , Ba Ying-Chun
Published: October 2024

Gliomas are malignant tumours arising from glial cells in the central nervous system (CNS), presenting significant clinical challenges. High-grade gliomas (HGGs) are particularly concerning as they are the primary cause of CNS cancer-related deaths. Low-grade gliomas (LGGs), which include diffuse types, represent only 15% of all glioma cases. this review aims to identify the critical hub genes associated with HGG and LGG, understand their proliferation, apoptosis, and mutation role in glioma, and their therapeutic potential as well. First, we identified the gene interaction networks by employing bioinformatics techniques, such as differential expression analysis, Venn enrichment, Cytoscape, and CytoHubba analyses. Next, we summarized the role of hub genes, addressing recent advancements and emerging evidence related to the identified hub genes to provide a comprehensive understanding. The analysis revealed ten hub genes: CCNB1, TOP2A, CENPF, NEK2, ASPM, TPX2, PBK, RRM2, KIF15, and ATAD2. Most hub genes showed elevated expression in HGG compared to LGG, and a strong positive correlation with glioma pathology. Also, might hold significant therapeutic potential, particularly CCNB1, CENPF, NEK2, and TPX2, due to their crucial biological functions and the results of gene mania analysis. This review offers an overview and comprehensive knowledge of the hub genes in glioma pathology, which may inform future research and clinical trials aimed at developing targeted therapeutic strategies.
Exploring the Influence of Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) Practices on Employees’ Pro-Environmental Behaviours in Egyptian Hospitals
Authors: Qassim Amal Abdulmajeed
Published: October 2024

This study aims to examine how Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) practices influence the development of an environmentally sustainable culture that encourages employees to exhibit pro-environmental behaviours in public and private hospitals in Egypt. A total of 491 healthcare employees were surveyed and the data was analysed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). The research identified significant positive correlations between GHRM practices, a pro-environmental psychological climate, environmental knowledge, and employees' environmentally favourable behaviours. The results emphasised the significance of tailored GHRM strategies for different sectors and showed how psychological climate and knowledge mediate the conversion of human resource management (HRM) practices into sustainable behaviours. The study extends the literature by highlighting the relevance of GHRM practices within a healthcare setting in a developing country and indicates that the success of environmental practices is closely linked to their visibility and integration into routine operations. The focus of future studies should be on the long-term effects of GHRM practices, the impact of individual differences, and comparative studies across different sectors and countries to obtain a deeper understanding of how organisational sustainability is influenced by GHRM practices.
A UAV Mission Computer Operation Modes Optimization Focusing on Computational Energy Efficiency and System Responsiveness
Authors: Liubimov Oleksandr , Turkin Ihor , Volobuyeva Lina
Published: October 2024

The rising popularity of UAVs and other autonomous control systems, coupled with real-time operating systems, has increased the complexity of developing systems with the proper robustness, performance, and reactivity. Concurrently, the growing demand for more sophisticated computational tasks, proportionally bigger payloads, battery limitations, and smaller take-off mass necessitates higher energy efficiency for all avionics and mission computers. The purpose of this paper is to develop the technology for experimental studies of indicators of reactivity and energy consumption of the computing platform for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The paper provides an experimental assessment of the ’Boryviter’ 0.1 computing platform, which is implemented on the ATSAMV71 microprocessor and operates under the open-source FreeRTOS operating system. The results obtained are the basis for developing algorithms and energy-efficient design strategies for the mission computer to solve the optimization problem. The paper provides experimental results of measurements of the energy consumed by the microcontroller and estimates of the reduction in system energy consumption due to additional time costs for suspending and resuming the computer’s operation. The results show that the ’Boryviter’ 0.1 computing platform can be used as a UAV mission computer for typical flight control tasks that require real-time computing under the influence of external factors. As the further work direction, authors plan to carry out the investigation of the proposed energy saving algorithms in scope of the planned NASA’s F’Prime software flight framework. Such an investigation that should be done with the real flight computation load for the mission computer, will help to qualify the obtained energy saving methods and their implementation results.
A Bayesian-Optimized Surrogate Model Integrating Deep Learning Algorithms for Correcting PurpleAir Sensor Measurements
Authors: Ahmed Masrur , Kong Jing , Jiang Ningbo , Duc Hiep Nguyen , Puppala Praveen , Azzi Merched , Riley Matthew , Barthelemy Xavier
Published: October 2024

Low-cost sensors are widely used for air quality monitoring due to their affordability, portability and easy maintenance. However, the performance of such sensors, such as PurpleAir Sensors (PAS), is often affected by changes in environmental (e.g., temperature and humidity) or emission conditions, and hence the resulting measurements require corrections to ensure accuracy and validity. Traditional correction methods, like those developed by the US-EPA, have limitations, particularly for applications to geographically diverse settings and sensors with no collocated referenced monitoring stations available. This study introduces BaySurcls, a Bayesian-optimised surrogate model integrating deep learning (DL) algorithms to improve the PurpleAir sensors PM2.5 (PAS2.5) measurement accuracy. The framework incorporates environmental variables such as humidity and temperature alongside aerosol characteristics, to refine sensor readings. The BaySurcls model corrects the PAS2.5 data for both collocated and non-collocated monitoring scenarios. A case study showed that BaySurcls outperforms all tested standalone models (DL or classical machine learning based) and the US-EPA correction method in terms of reducing root mean square errors in PAS2.5 data and enhancing correlations with the reference data, under both the collocation and non-collocation monitoring scenarios. This improvement is evident across multiple locations in New South Wales, Australia, demonstrating the model's adaptability. The findings confirm BaySurcls as a promising solution for improving the reliability of low-cost sensor data, thus facilitating its valid use in air quality research, impact assessment, and environmental management.
Mapping Land Use Land Cover Changes to Explore the Role of Nature-Based Solutions in the Restoration and Protection of Urban Green Infrastructure: The Case of Mzuzu City, Malawi
Authors: Luka Loudon , Manda Mtafu
Published: October 2024

Mzuzu city is Malawi’s fastest growing city but this has brought with it degradation of its urban green infrastructure (UGI) which has contributed to the city’s increased vulnerability to climate change-related hazards such as flooding. Mzuzu’s major UGI, the Lunyangwa River basin (LR) and the Mzuzu Botanic Gardens (MBG), are particularly affected. Nature-based solutions (NBS), interventions that improve the flow of ecosystem services (ES) to enhance and strengthen urban resilience and sustainability at multiple scales, contribute to the restoration, protection and management of ecosystems to address ecological degradation. This study maps land use land cover changes (LULC) to explore the role of NBS interventions in addressing the city’s climate change adaptation and mitigation challenges. The study used remote sensing data obtained from satellite imagery to map spatio-temporal changes in LULC in Mzuzu city in general and the LR basin and MBG ecosystems in particular, over a period of 34 years from 1986 to 2020. The study found that the LR basin and MBG have undergone both formal and informal urban encroachment in some sections and that in these areas urban communities are more affected by flood-related disasters than in those where there has been little or no encroachment. The study concludes that mapping and quantifying urbanisation-driven LULC provides a spatial framework for identifying and targeting NBS interventions which involve urban green infrastructure restoration and protection to address the city’s vulnerability to climate change impacts such as flooding and mudslides.
Evaluating Lean Six Sigma's Impact on Operational Efficiency in Small and Medium-Sized Manufacturing Enterprises: A Systematic Review
Authors: Mavhunga Tatenda , Jantjie Luvuyo , Thango Bonginkosi
Published: October 2024

The increasing demand for operational efficiency in small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises (SMEs) has sparked interest in Lean Six Sigma (LSS) methodologies. LSS integrates Lean’s waste elimination focus with Six Sigma’s variability reduction, offering a comprehensive framework for process improvement. Despite its potential, SMEs face unique challenges in implementing LSS, such as financial limitations and resistance to change. This systematic review evaluates the application of LSS in SMEs, analyzing its impact on operational, financial, and quality performance across different industries and geographical regions. The study identifies key success factors, barriers, and research gaps while proposing regression models to predict financial gains associated with LSS adoption. The review followed PRISMA guidelines, sourcing literature from SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Google Scholar published between 2014 and 2024. The inclusion criteria targeted studies involving LSS implementation in manufacturing SMEs. Data extraction included study characteristics, methodologies, and outcomes. A risk of bias assessment was conducted using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. The synthesis involved descriptive statistics, effect measures, and sensitivity analyses. Out of 150 initially identified studies, 109 met the inclusion criteria. The findings demonstrate that LSS implementation significantly improves operational performance, with 77.98% of studies showing reductions in cycle time and defect rates. Financial outcomes, including cost savings and ROI, showed moderate to large effects, with 63.58% of the reviewed studies reporting cost reductions. Quality improvements were noted across studies, particularly in First Pass Yield, with 67% of studies demonstrating enhanced quality metrics. The geographic distribution indicated strong research activity in India (23.85%), the United States (6.42%), and Europe (5.50%). Both developed (46.79%) and developing (45.87%) economies contributed extensively. Key barriers included resource constraints (reported in 45% of studies) and resistance to change (noted in 31%). LSS offers substantial benefits for SMEs, driving process efficiency, cost reduction, and quality improvements. However, challenges such as limited resources and organizational resistance must be addressed for successful adoption. This review provides insights into best practices, highlights research gaps, and suggests areas for future investigation, emphasizing the need for customized LSS strategies tailored to the unique contexts of SMEs.
Insights into the Behaviour of Phosphorylated DNA Breaks from Molecular Dynamic Simulations
Authors: Zhang Li , Lampela Outi , Lehtiö Lari , Juffer André
Published: October 2024

Single-stranded breaks (SSBs) are the most frequent DNA lesions threatening genomic integrity-understanding how DNA sensor proteins recognize certain SSB types is crucial for studies of the DNA repair pathways. During repair of damaged DNA the final SSB that is to be ligated contains a 5'-phosphorylated end. The present work employed molecular simulation (MD) of DNA with a phosphorylated break in solution to address multiple questions regarding the dynamics of the break site. How does the 5'-phosphate group behave before it initiates a connection with other biomolecules? What is the conformation of the SSB site when it is likely to be recognized by DNA repair factors once the DNA repair response is triggered? And how is the structure and dynamics of DNA affected by the presence of a break? For this purpose, a series of MD simulations of 20 base pair DNAs, each with either a pyrimidine-based or purine-based break, were completed at a combined length of over 20,000 ns simulation time and compared with intact DNA of the same sequence. An analysis of the DNA forms, translational and orientational helical parameters, local break site stiffness, bending angles, 5’-phosphate group orientation dynamics, and the effects of the protonation state of the break site phosphate group provides insights into the mechanism for the break site recognition.
The Role of Environmental Certifications in the Hospitality Industry: Assessing Sustainability, Consumer Preferences and Economic Impact
Authors: Velaoras Konstantinos , Menegaki Angeliki N. , Polyzos Serafeim , Gotzamani Katerina
Published: October 2024

Hotel certifications have become increasingly vital in promoting sustainability within the hospitality industry, providing frameworks that guide hotels toward reducing their environmental footprint, enhancing operational efficiency and gaining a competitive edge in the marketplace. This review explores the development, types and impacts of hotel certifications, with a focus on prominent schemes such as ISO 14001, LEED, Green Key, and EarthCheck. Through an analysis of case studies from globally recognized hotels, we highlight how certifications contribute to significant reductions in energy and water use, improved waste management and enhanced biodiversity protection, while also delivering economic benefits through cost savings and increased guest loyalty. The paper also examines consumer perceptions of certifications and their willingness to pay (WTP) for certified hotels. Findings suggest that eco-conscious travelers, particularly younger generations, are willing to pay a premium for hotels that demonstrate a commitment to sustainability, though consumer awareness of certification schemes remains limited. The barriers to adopting certifications, such as high initial costs, resource limitations and management resistance, are also discussed, along with the challenges posed by greenwashing and the proliferation of certification schemes. Looking to the future, this review identifies key trends that will shape the evolution of hotel certifications, including increased transparency, the integration of smart technologies, the expanding role of social responsibility and alignment with global sustainability goals such as the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Hotel certifications are not only crucial for environmental sustainability, but also serve as a powerful tool for enhancing the economic viability of hotels in an increasingly competitive and sustainability-driven market.
Baseline Knowledge of Peripheral Arterial Disease and Factors Influencing Learning Material Preferences in the San Francisco Chinese-Speaking Community: A Survey Analysis
Authors: Shih Chia-Ding , Lee Tiffany , Hassan Sarah , Chau Hoanganh , Brooks Brandon M. , Zhang Ben , Rosario Emily R.
Published: October 2024

Background: Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) affects tens of millions of Americans, and is characterized by the accumulation of plaque within arteries in the arms and legs. Advanced age is a risk factor for PAD, and early recognition through health literacy is imperative to mitigate limb loss. The influence of health literacy on PAD outcomes remains poorly understood, particularly in minoritized communities. The objective of this study is to examine understanding of PAD within San Francisco’s Chinese-speaking population, while discerning preferences regarding PAD educational methods.
Material and Methods: An anonymous 14-question survey in Mandarin and English was designed to gauge basic knowledge of PAD and preferred methods for obtaining health information. It was distributed at San Francisco Chinatown health fairs on May 6 and October 14, 2023. Inferential analysis was concentrated on the associations between age, self-reported gender and English proficiency versus PAD baseline knowledge as well as preferred methods to obtain health information.
Results: Combining the two surveyed cohorts, 32% of the survey population (29/91) reported prior knowledge about PAD. individuals aged 65-74 were the most prevalent age group. 29/91 had prior knowledge of PAD. While many survey respondents thought that diabetes was a leading cause for PAD (47/76) and arthritis was thought to be the leading symptom related to PAD (32/65). Half of respondents (44/88) expressed a preference for consulting a family doctor for foot wounds, followed by a podiatrist (27/88) and a general surgeon (19/88). The two cohorts that were surveyed had similar and suboptimal understanding of PAD and its complications which confirmed a health literacy gap among the Chinese-speaking population. The top three methods to receive health information were radio, television and newspaper. Interestingly, 65 years old and above (OR 0.124, 95% CI [0.021- 0.0728]) as well as participants who were proficient in English (OR 0.078; 95% CI [0.012-0.52]) were less preferred using radio to receive health information. Male gender was statistically significant to use newspapers to receive health information as opposed to female (p=0.003, OR 5.26; 95% CI [1.76-15.69]).
Discussion:
Conclusion: The two cohorts that were surveyed had similar and suboptimal understanding of PAD and its complications, which confirmed a health literacy gap among the Chinese-speaking population in San Francisco. To address this gap, factors such as age, education level, and gender need to be better understood in their relation to the impact of learning methods in this population.