bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
The Communication Component of the Marketing Activities of Public Utilities as a Factor in Ensuring the Competitiveness of the City
Authors: Popova G. Yu.
Published: April 2022

The article identifies the specifics of marketing activities of utilities in the process of reforming housing and communal services of Ukraine. The relationship between the quality of public services and the level of competitiveness of the city is analyzed; the improvement of the communication component of the marketing activity of public utilities with the help of Public relations tools is proposed; the necessity of information transparency as a prerequisite for effective communications between utilities and consumers of their services is substantiated.
Kredit Bank Dan Sewa Guna Usaha Dengan Hak Opsi Sebagai Sumber Pendanaan Alternatif Atas Perolehan Aktiva Tetap Dalam Rangka Penghematan Pajak
Authors: Widyastuti Maria
Published: April 2022

Banyak cara dan metode  yang bisa dipilih  oleh perusahaan dalam  rangka  mendapatkan dana  untuk  mengembangkan usahanya antara lain dengan cara mendapatkan kredit dari  bank, pembelian aktiva  secara  angsuran, dan  menyewa guna  usaha  aktiva  dari  perusahaan sewa  guna usaha.  Pada kenyataannya, banyak   perusahaan  kecil  kesulitan   mencari   sumber   dana  melalui kredit perbankan dan pembelian aktiva  secara  angsuran sudah tidak  memungkinkan lagi. Hanya perusahaan  besar dan sudah   mempunyai  'nama'  saja  yang   mungkin   dapat   dengan   mudah mendapatkan kepercayaan baik  dari  bank sebagai  pihak  yang  memberi  pinjaman maupun dari perusahaan yang menjual  aktiva  secara  angsuran. Bagi perusahaan kecil semacam  ini, sewa guna usaha    (leasing)   merupakan   salah    satu   alternatif  yang    patut    diberi    rekomendasi   untuk memecahkan masalah  tersebut. Tujuan  penelitian ini untuk mencari  solusi  yang tepat  untuk  memperoleh modal  usaha berupa  aktiva  tetap  yang  murah  dan  tidak  membebani arus  kas  keluar  serta  dapat menghemat pembayaran pajak.  Pemilihan altematif pembiayaan kali  ini penulis  mencoba untuk membandingkan dua  pilihan  yaitu  Kredit  Bank  dengan  Sewa  Guna  Usaha  (leasing).  Teknik analisa  yang  digunakan adalah:  (1) Menentukan nilai  angsuran   (annuitas); (2)  Membebankan semua  biaya  fiskal  yang melekat  pada  aktiva  tetap; (3) Menghitung penghematan pajaknya; (4) Menghitung arus kas yang telah dikeluarkan; (5) Mengakumulasikan Net Present Value. Semakin  kecil net present value-nya maka  semakin  hemat  biaya yang dikeluarkan untuk memperoleh aktiva  tetap  tersebut. Uji Kasus  dilaksanakan pada  C.V.  Hasta  Corporation yang rencananya akan  membeli  aktiva  tetap  berupa   Web Server Mainframe Machine, dengan harga perolehan Rp  999.000.000,-. Untuk  memperoleh mesin  tersebut pihak  manajemen C.V.  Hasta Corporation  menentukan  dua   pilihan   yaitu   melalui   Kredit  Bank   atau   Sewa   Guna Usaha (leasing). Ternyata dari basil  penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  Sewa  Guna  Usaha  (leasing) lebih menguntungkan daripada Kredit  Bank,  keuntungan yang  diperoleh adalah  berupa penghematan pajak  sebesar  Rp  20.214.877,-  sehingga berakibat pada net  present value-nya menjadi  lebih kecil.
Pengaruh Produk Pelayanan, Harga Dan Lokasi Terhadap Kepuasan Tamu Di Hotel JW Marriot Surabaya
Authors: Jessica Nadia , Istiningsih Maria
Published: April 2022

Untuk mebangun loyalitas konsumennya (Brand Loyalty), Hotel JW Mariott Surabaya mengkonversikan point menginap ke dalam bentuk peningkatan pelayanan seperti pemberian welcome drink, prioritas booking saat regular guest datang sehingga hal tersebut dapat membuat para tamu senang menginap di hotel ini dan mau datang dan menginap kembali dihotel JW Marriott Surabaya. Konsumen yang loyal dapat menjadi konsumen yang lebih baik lagi dan akan menggunakan produk atau jasa secara terus menerus dari perusahaan yang sama selain itu konsumen yang loyal tidak hanya menjadi dasar kuat bagi perusahaan tetapi juga mencerminkan potensi pertumbuhan perusahaan dimasa yang akan datang. Produk, pelayanan, harga dan lokasi ini dapat terlihat dari apa yang telah dihasilkan oleh hotel untuk membuat para konsumen merasa puas dan merasa nyaman dihotel ini. Harga yang diberikan memang setara dengan gelar yang di sandang oleh hotel ini yaitu "five star hotel", tetapi produk dan pelayanan yang diberikan kepada konsumen sangat sepadan dengan harga yang ada. Selain itu, hotel ini telah berusaha memberikan yang terbaik bagi para konsumennya dengan cara memberi harga promo yang masih dapat dijangkau oleh masyarakat lain serta dengan dibuatnya member bagi para konsumen yang loyal kepada hotel ini. Berdasarkan hal - hal tersebut diatas, peneliti ingin menganalisa lebih jauh tentang pengaruh produk, pelayanan, harga dan lokasi terhadap kepuasan tamu di hotel JW Marriott Surabaya.
Agency Theory Dalam Keputusan Keuangan: Sebuah Tinjauan Teoritis
Authors: Herdinata Christian
Published: April 2022

Agency Theory bases its contractual relationships between principals and agents. Principal is the party that mandates the agency to act on behalf of the principal, while the agent is given the assignment by the principal to run the company. This study explains more about the agency theory in financial decision. Themanagement (agents )in performing the operation should give priority to the interests of the owner of the company by increasing the prosperity of the shareholders, but management will often have different interests with shareholder interests, giving rise to conflicts of interest between management and shareholders. Therefore, the necessary mechanisms to control agency conflicts that occur: first, increase company stock ownership by management and secondly,increased financing with debt; third, with monitoring by institutional investors, and the fourth, Dividend Payout Ratio via increased (DPR) or the ratio of dividends to net income are thus not enough free cash flow and forced to mancari management of external funding to finance its investment.
Pengaruh Dimensi Kualitas Pelayanan Terhadap Kepuasaan Nasabah Bank Jatim Di Surabaya
Authors: Kurniawan Gogi
Published: April 2022

Service quality dimensions give boost to customers in Surabaya, East Java Bank to establish strong bond with the services, which in turn is expected to provide satisfaction to customers. This study aimed to analyze the influence of service quality dimensions consisting of reliability, responsiveness, and empathy towards customer satisfaction Bank of East Java, Surabaya. This study used a sample of 60 respondents customers, further testing using multiple linear regression analysis, was tested by using the F-test and t-test. The results of this study indicate that simultaneous variable reliability, responsiveness and empathy has a positive and significant impact on customer satisfaction. While partially reliability, responsiveness and empathy positive and significant impact on customer satisfaction. While variable Responsiveness dominant and significant effect. Means three dimensions of service quality has an important role in helping the needs and desires of customers to receive excellent service of the best.
Pengaruh Manajemen Laba Terhadap Cost Of Equity Capital
Authors: Yuniarsih Nia
Published: April 2022

The objective of this study is to examine the influence of earings management, to cost of equity capital. This study takes sample from 47 companies in the manufacturing sector at the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), which were published in financial report from 2012-2013. The sample was determined based on the following criteria: (a) the annual report ended 31 December, and (b) book value of equity is positive. Earnings management were measured by Modified Jones Model and cost of equity capital was estimated by Capital Asset Pricing Market. The research hypotheses were tested using single regression. The results of this research show that earnings management had positive significant influence on cost of equity capital.
The time course of holistic processing is similar for face and non-face Gestalt stimuli
Authors: Curby Kim M. , Teichmann Lina
Published: April 2022

There is evidence that holistic processing of faces and other stimuli rich in Gestalt perceptual grouping cues recruit overlapping mechanisms at early processing stages, but not at later stages where faces and objects of expertise likely overlap. This has led to suggestions of dual pathways supporting holistic processing; an early stimulus-based pathway (supporting processing of stimuli rich in perceptual grouping cues) and an experience-based pathway (supporting processing of object of expertise), with both pathways supporting face processing. Holistic processing markers are present when upright faces are presented for as little as 50-ms. If the overlap between holistic processing of faces and stimuli rich in grouping cues occurs early in processing, markers of holistic processing for these Gestalt stimuli should be present as early as those for faces. In Experiment 1, we investigate the time-course of the emergence of holistic processing markers for face and non-face Gestalt stimuli. The emergence of these markers for faces and the Gestalt stimuli was strikingly similar; both emerged with masked presentations as little as 50-ms. In Experiment 2, where the stimulus presentation was not masked, thus the presentation duration, but not the post-presentation perceptual processing, was constrained, patterns of holistic processing for these stimuli still did not diverge. These findings are consistent with an early, and possibly extended, temporal locus for the overlap in the holistic processing of faces and non-face stimuli rich in grouping cues.
EMPLOYABILITY OF CLOUD COMPUTING IN THE DETECTION AND CONFIRMED OF VACCINATED POPULATION
Authors: Sehrawat Vineet
Published: April 2022

At the time of covid situation, numerous Colleges, organizations, medical clinics, and colleges have just permitted understudies who got vaccinated according to the standard of govt of India; However, checking each and everyone's covid vaccination certificate requires more resources and time. In this way, our task is to help the management of the school by giving them electronic status whether or not the understudies got the affiliations will use the vaccination Web application to get the information about Students or Employees' vaccination status Students or Employees need to enter their name, select division or enter office id, put the phone number, pick a first or second part of covid vaccination dose. Then, at that point, they need to transfer the inoculation authentication. Then, at that point, it will request that they share a new photograph of theirs without a veil. We can likewise pose them a couple of inquiries about their health status beyond a multi-month.
Asteroid Polarimetric Phase Behavior in the Near-infrared: S- and C-complex Objects
Authors: Masiero Joseph R. , Tinyanont S. , Millar-Blanchaer Maxwell A.
Published: April 2022

We present the first results of our survey of asteroid polarization phase curves in the near-infrared J and H bands using the WIRC+Pol instrument on the Palomar 200-inch telescope. We confirm through observations of standard stars that WIRC+Pol can reach the 0.1% precision needed for asteroid phase curve characterization, and we show that C-complex asteroids could act as an alternate calibration source, as they show less wavelength variation than stellar polarized standards. Initial polarization phase curve results for S-complex asteroids show a shift in behavior as a function of wavelength from visible to near-infrared bands, extending previously observed trends. Full near-infrared polarization phase curve characterization of individual asteroids will provide a unique constraint on surface composition of these objects by probing the wavelength dependence of albedo and index of refraction of the surface material.
Psychologie sociale, communication et langage
Authors: Castel Philippe , Lacassagne Marie-Françoise
Published: April 2022

Résumé introductif L’objectif de ce chapitre est d’approfondir la notion de contrat de communication (relevant de la psychologie sociale du langage) en intégrant les apports du courant de la catégorisation sociale et de ses derniers développements en termes de partitions. En effet, l’analyse psychosociale d’une situation d’interlocution conduit obligatoirement à y repérer des phénomènes liés aux appartenances catégorielles et à interpréter les conduites comme résultant de dynamiques identitaires. Il s’agit donc en fait d’intégrer les acquis de ces deux courants en prenant en compte les notions de co-construction dialogique dans les interactions sociales et de représentations mutuelles des catégories d’appartenance dans les interactions verbales. L’idée défendue ici est que, dans la majorité des cas, l’existence de plusieurs types de relations intercatégorielles (les partitions) permet aux membres de chacun des groupes de mettre en œuvre des stratégies interlocutoires satisfaisantes au regard de leur identité sociale .
Psychologie sociale, communication et langage
Authors: Salès-Wuillemin Édith
Published: April 2022

Résumé introductif Ce chapitre réalise une présentation des travaux réalisés dans deux champs de recherche : la théorie des représentations sociales et la théorie du contrat de communication, en soulignant les lignes de convergence. L’objectif est de montrer que bien que ces deux champs de recherche se soient développés de manière autonome, une articulation théorique et méthodologique est possible, elle ouvre des perspectives intéressantes pour un enrichissement mutuel. La théorie du contrat de communication offre un cadre de recherche pour la mise en place d’un paradigme de recueil des données en raison de l’analyse des facteurs contextuels en jeu dans la situation d’expérimentation ou d’enquête. À l’inverse la théorie des représentations sociales, ouvre l’étude aux connaissances des sujets en situant les référents auxquels renvoient les mots de la langue dans un contexte social mettant en jeu des rapports intergroupes identifiés .
Psychologie sociale, communication et langage
Authors: Gauducheau Nadia , Marcoccia Michel
Published: April 2022

Résumé introductif Ce chapitre décrit les réalisations interactionnelles et le contrat de communication des échanges de soutien social en ligne, à partir de l’analyse de douze fils de discussion du forum Doctissimo. Après avoir analysé la structuration des échanges, nous avons identifié les micro-actes de langage constitutifs des messages de demandes d’aide, de soutien (apport d’aide) et des messages évaluatifs (du soutien apporté). Le contrat de communication est identifié à partir de l’observation de la régularité de certains micro-actes, de l’analyse de négociations entre les internautes lorsque le contrat ne semble pas respecté et en reliant le contrat identifié avec les conditions psycho-sociales de réussite du soutien social décrites dans la littérature. Le respect d’un contrat de communication semble particulièrement crucial pour les échanges en forum car le contexte partagé est faible (anonymat, absence d’indices non verbaux, etc.) .
Des bureaucraties poreuses ? Les interactions de la commission européenne et du secrétariat du conseil avec leur environnement, et leur influence sur leurs préférences en termes de gouvernance
Authors: Alayrac Pierre , Connolly Sara , Kassim Hussein , Vantaggiato Francesca
Published: April 2022

Les institutions européennes et les personnes qui travaillent pour elles sont souvent considérées comme repliées sur elles-mêmes et leurs ambitions : la Commission européenne est dépeinte comme une technocratie distante, et le Secrétariat du Conseil est considéré comme secret et renfermé. Cet article soumet ces hypothèses à un test empirique et va à leur encontre. S’appuyant sur deux jeux de données originaux, il cartographie les pratiques d’interaction avec les acteurs extérieurs pour ces deux parties de l’administration de l’UE. Il montre non seulement que la Commission européenne et le Secrétariat du Conseil sont en contact permanent avec des acteurs extérieurs, mais aussi que leurs préférences en termes de gouvernance sont affectées par ces contacts, quoique dans des mesures différentes.
Un regard sur l’Europe depuis la cour des comptes européenne
Authors: Lamarque Danièle
Published: April 2022

Nommée à la Cour des comptes européenne en 2014, pour un mandat de 6 ans qui clôturait ma vie professionnelle, je rejoignais l’institution après trente ans de magistrature à la Cour des comptes française et dans les chambres régionales. Je savais toutefois que cette expérience ne me serait que partiellement utile dans une institution comparable par les missions et les modalités d’exercice professionnel, mais originale parce qu’européenne. Même si j’avais assidûment fréquenté la Cour de Luxembourg dans l’exercice de mes cinq années de directrice des relations internationales rue Cambon, il me restait à découvrir l’institution de l’intérieur et à mieux comprendre, à travers elle, l’Europe.
Le personnel du secrétariat général du Conseil au prisme des réformes néomanagériales : entre désingularisation et dédifférenciation
Authors: Gilloz Oriane
Published: April 2022

Cet article esquisse une sociologie politique du personnel du Secrétariat général du Conseil de l’Union européenne (SGC). Après avoir montré que le personnel du SGC représente une déclinaison singulière du fonctionnariat européen façonnée par un triple processus d’identification, on se demande dans quelle mesure les réformes néomanagériales lancées en 2016 érodent la singularité identitaire qui caractérisait les fonctionnaires du Conseil jusqu’à présent. L’hypothèse défendue ici est que les transformations en cours s’inscrivent dans un double mouvement : un mouvement de dédifférenciation semblable à celui qui s’est opéré à la Commission et qui, à sa façon, poursuit la remise en jeu de l’autonomie partielle conquise par le champ bureaucratique européen (Georgakakis, 2019 et sa contribution dans le n o  180 de cette revue) ; et un mouvement de désingularisation qui tend à remettre sociologiquement en cause la spécificité du Conseil comme institution de type diplomatique et au service de la présidence.
On the convergence of the Crank-Nicolson method for the logarithmic Schrödinger equation
Authors: Paraschis Panagiotis , Zouraris Georgios E.
Published: April 2022

We consider an initial and Dirichlet boundary value problem for a logarithmic Schrödinger equation over a two dimensional rectangular domain. We construct approximations of the solution to the problem using a standard second order finite difference method for space discretization and the Crank-Nicolson method for time discretization, with or without regularizing the logarithmic term. We develop a convergence analysis yielding a new almost second order a priori error estimates in the discrete \begin{document}$ L_t^{\infty}(L_x^2) $\end{document} norm, and we show results from numerical experiments exposing the efficiency of the method proposed. It is the first time in the literature where an error estimate for a numerical method applied to the logarithmic Schrödinger equation is provided, without regularizing its nonlinear term.
Local indirect stabilization of same coupled evolution systems through resolvent estimates
Authors: Radhia Ayechi , Moez Khenissi
Published: April 2022

In this paper, we consider same systems of two coupled equations (wave-wave, Schrödinger-Schrödinger) in a bounded domain. Only one of the two equations is directly damped by a localized damping term (indirect stabilization). Under geometric control conditions on both coupling and damping regions (internal or boundary), we establish the energy decay rate by means of a suitable resolvent estimate. The numerical contribution is interpreted to confirm the theoretical result of a wave-wave system.
Cohort Profile: Korean Tuberculosis and Post-Tuberculosis Cohort Constructed by Linking the Korean National Tuberculosis Surveillance System and National Health Information Database
Authors: Jeong Dawoon , Kang Hee-Yeon , Kim Jinsun , Lee Hyewon , Yoo Bit-Na , Kim Hee-Sun , Choi Hongjo
Published: April 2022

We aimed to review the current data composition of the Korean Tuberculosis and Post-Tuberculosis Cohort, which was constructed by linking the Korean Tuberculosis Surveillance System (KNTSS; established and operated by the Korean Disease Control and Prevention Agency since 2000) and the National Health Information Database (NHID; established by the National Health Insurance Service in 2012). The following data were linked: KNTSS data pertaining to patients diagnosed with tuberculosis between 2011 and 2018, NHID data of patients with a history of tuberculosis and related diseases between 2006 and 2018, and data (obtained from the Statistics Korea database) on causes of death. Data from 300 117 tuberculosis patients (177 206 men and 122 911 women) were linked. The rate of treatment success for new cases was highest in 2015 (86.7%), with a gradual decrease thereafter. The treatment success rate for previously treated cases showed an increasing trend until 2014 (79.0%) and decreased thereafter. In total, 53 906 deaths were confirmed among tuberculosis patients included in the cohort. The Korean Tuberculosis and Post-Tuberculosis Cohort can be used to analyze different measurement variables in an integrated manner depending on the data source. Therefore, these cohort data can be used in future epidemiological studies and research on policy-effect analysis, treatment outcome analysis, and health-related behaviors such as treatment discontinuation.
Corps perdu d’Aimé Césaire et de Pablo Picasso, un recueil de guerres et de paix
Authors: Véron Kora
Published: April 2022

En juin 1950, un livre magnifique, Corps perdu, tiré à 220 exemplaires, paraît aux Éditions Fragrance. En page de couverture, le nom d’Aimé Césaire s’affiche en haut, mais, en-dessous, celui de Pablo Picasso est beaucoup plus grand. Comment les deux hommes en sont-ils venus à publier ce recueil ? Comment ont-ils élaboré leur œuvre commune ? Corps perdu est l’aboutissement d’une histoire tumultueuse.
Exploration iconographique des manuscrits d’André Schwarz-Bart
Authors: Margras Fanny
Published: April 2022

On connaît André Schwarz-Bart romancier : mais les dessins présents dans les manuscrits de l’écrivain sont un aspect encore méconnu de sa création. Cet article vise à présenter trois des quelques dessins d’André Schwarz-Bart retrouvés dans ses manuscrits. Ils sont tout à la fois ceux de l’écrivain happé par l’acte de créer, explorant une autre forme de dialogue avec son lecteur ; et ceux de l’écrivain lisant, donnant une forme aux pensées suggérées par sa lecture. Nous explorerons ce lien qui se tisse alors entre la lecture et la création chez André Schwarz-Bart par le biais du dessin.
Discursive Strategies in Style Guides Negotiation on GitHub
Authors: Depaz Pierre
Published: April 2022

This article examines the discursive strategies at play in style guide negotiation on GitHub. Looking at three popular guides for the JavaScript language—Standard, Airbnb, Prettier—, we highlight how source code, executable code, networks of communities and platform affordances are used as arguments of their own in the adoption and modification of theoretically immutable documents. Through discourse analysis, we show how programmers display multifaceted practices in a social context of work, modulated by technical affordances of platforms and programming languages.
Éléments pour une sociologie de l’activité de programmation
Authors: Jaton Florian
Published: April 2022

Les multiples fonctionnements numériques – algorithmes inclus – qui participent à nos actions quotidiennes se doivent de passer, d’une manière ou d’une autre, par les mains expertes de programmeur·euse·x·s capables de traduire désirs, plans et intuitions en listes d'instructions exécutables par une machine informatique. Pour autant, ce travail concret de façonnage de programmes n’a que peu fait l’objet d’études de terrain détaillées. Si l’on compare les quelques rares enquêtes, importantes mais isolées, à la massivité de la programmation en tant qu’activité située dont les produits ne cessent d’irriguer nos sociétés informatisées, le contraste est inouï : tout reste à faire, ou presque. Prenant acte de la situation, cet article propose quelques outils et analyses pour tenter de la changer. Dans un premier temps, il expose une technique d’investigation, ainsi qu’un formalisme, permettant de rester au plus près du déroulement séquentiel des situations de programmation. Dans un deuxième temps, il analyse des matériaux récoltés selon cette méthode d’enquête – nommée ici sociologie de l’activité de programmation – et suggère qu'une part importante des pratiques de codage consiste, parfois, à aligner des inscriptions afin de renseigner l’état d’entités distantes (interpréteurs, compilateurs, processeurs) et, en retour, indexer un emplacement au sein d’un document numéroté. L’article finit par discuter les perspectives nouvelles sur l‘étude sociale du code induites par cette démarche analytique.
Further Development and Piloted Simulation Evaluation of the Break Turn ADS-33 Mission Task Element
Authors: Xin Hong , Fell William C , Horn Joseph , Fegely Cody E , Ruckel Paul D , Rigsby James M , Brewer Roy L , Conway Frank P , Mulato Ray , Klyde David H , Pitoniak Sean P , Ott Carl R , Blanken Christopher L
Published: April 2022

Cofunded by the U. S. Army and industry, a Sikorsky-led team that features industry and academia developed and evaluated a set of mission task elements (MTE) to address rotorcraft high-speed handling qualities. The MTEs were designed to meet different levels of precision and aggressiveness.
The Break Turn MTE was defined for nonprecision, aggressive applications. The MTE objectives, descriptions, and performance criteria were developed via piloted simulation sessions at each team's simulator, each featuring a unique high-speed platform including a coaxial compound helicopter,
two tiltrotors, and a generic winged compound helicopter. Formal evaluations were conducted by U. S. Army test pilots. Baseline control laws were varied to achieve different handling qualities levels. Quantitative measures based on task performance and qualitative measures based on pilot ratings,
comments, and questionnaires were used to assess MTE effectiveness. It was demonstrated that the Break Turn MTE provided an effective means to discern nonprecision, aggressive handling qualities in high-speed flight.
Unbalanced Unpaid Work: Women’s Household Work and the Persistence of the Gender Pay Gap
Authors: Gloss Robin
Published: April 2022

This paper investigates the relationship between demographic, human capital, and employment variables on the unpaid labor gap in households.
Do Overseas Development Assistance and Foreign Direct Investment Impact The Carbon Dioxide Emissions Of Developing Countries?
Authors: Stauder Matthew
Published: April 2022

This paper investigates the relationship between FDI and ODA inflows to developing nations and said nations' carbon dioxide emissions.
Congenital Atresia of External Auditory Canal with Choristoma
Authors: Kumar T. Dinesh , Kanagamuthu Priya , Ramesh Gunakeerthana , Srinivasan Rajasekaran
Published: April 2022

Congenital aural atresia (CAA) is the abnormality of the auricle and/or external auditory canal where there is closure of the external auditory canal which may be associated with microtia and anomalies in the middle ear, inner ear, or temporal bone. It can be solid or membranous type of atresia. To identify the type of defect, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) temporal bone is useful. After identifying the defect, the patient can be planned for canaloplasty or atresiaplasty with split skin graft. A 6-year-old boy was brought to the otorhinolaryngology outpatient department with complaints of deformity of the left ear since birth. HRCT temporal bone showed isolated left external auditory canal atresia. Echocardiogram showed dextrocardia with situs solitus and USG abdomen revealed situs inversus of the abdominal organs with no significant abnormality. After proper evaluation of the child, after obtaining preanesthetic fitness, the child had undergone atresiaplasty with split skin graft under general anesthesia. Soft tissue that was excised from the external auditory canal was sent for histopathological examination, which revealed the presence of salivary gland tissue with lymph nodes showing reactive changes. These features were suggestive of possibility of choristoma of the left external auditory canal. CAA occurs in the defect during embryological development which may result in deformity of the auricle and external auditory canal. The surgical management of congenital external auditory canal atresia is atresiaplasty, and hearing rehabilitation (bone anchored hearing aid) should be given in case of no improvement in hearing. The surgery will be challenging because of altered anatomy of surgical landmarks. Choristoma is a tumor-like growth of normal tissue in an abnormal place. It is a benign condition, which may be found commonly in the head-and-neck region such as presence of salivary gland tissue in the middle ear, presence of gastric mucosa in the tongue and presence of osseous or cartilaginous masses in the intraoral soft tissues. Total excision can be done for small and pedunculated tumors, and care should be taken not to injure facial nerve. CAA may not necessarily present with deformities in the external ear (pinna), but Congenital aural atresia cases may not always present with deformities of the pinna, but it is crucial not to miss such cases. These patients may be evaluated by doing High Resolution Computed Tomography temporal bone and audiometric assessment such as. Pediatric evaluation is equally important to rule out for any syndromic association. Atresiaplasty or canaloplasty has shown great result for correcting the cosmetic defect. Hearing can be facilitated further using bone anchored hearing aids or cochlear implantation.
Facial Palsy Following Onyx Embolization of a Glomus Tympanicum Tumor
Authors: AlEnazi Abdulaziz , Alshawi Yazeed , Alnasser Hawra , AlAftan Mohammed , AlQahtani Munahi
Published: April 2022

The embolization of a glomus tumor (GT) is a known preoperative procedure aimed at decreasing the blood supply to the tumor and reducing operative time and blood loss. Liquid embolic material is the preferable embolic agent. However, the incidence of cranial neuropathy due to denaturation with Onyx is not well established. This report seeks to illustrate the outcomes of a combined preoperative Onyx embolization of a glomus tympanicum tumor and highlight the related complications of facial palsy. A 49-year-old woman developed left-sided facial palsy following the preoperative embolization of a left-sided GT with selective transarterial embolization using ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH; Onyx 18), which was complicated with left-sided facial weakness 1 h post embolization. An additional uneventful surgical resection of the GT was performed successfully 72 h later. Embolization material poses a risk of cranial neuropathy. Further studies are recommended to support the knowledge of well-established embolization agents that will provide maximal occlusion while minimizing the risk of complications.
Bilateral Traumatic Delayed Facial Nerve Palsies
Authors: Abdullah Siti Nazira , Aziz Azliana , Nik Othman Nik Adilah
Published: April 2022

Trauma causing bilateral temporal bone fracture has a unique mechanism. The type of fracture can predict the probability of facial nerve palsy. Commonly facial nerve palsy is managed by surgery or conservative management, depending on the onset, grading, and value of the objective electrodiagnostic test. The dilemma arises in our case when the young patient presented with delayed onset, bilateral incomplete facial nerve palsy, whereby the symmetrical monotonous looking can be misleading at initial diagnosis. We discussed several options of test available to give the prognostic value in the case if there is no normal side to be compared to.
Microbial flora of mastoid cavity after canal wall down (CWD) mastoidectomy
Authors: Barati Behrouz , Ghazizadeh Matin
Published: April 2022

Introduction:

Many scientists have worked on microbial flora of the ear canal or middle ear in nonoperated patients, but it is not clear that what changes would be occurred in the flora of the mastoid cavity postoperatively. It can help the surgeons to choose the appropriate drugs in the perioperative period. The study was designed to investigate the microbial flora of the middle ear and mastoid cavities after canal wall down (CWD) mastoidectomy.

Materials and Methods:

The survey was designed as a prospective cross-sectional study. All patients with chronic otitis media who had undergone CWD mastoidectomy in a public university hospital from 2014 to 2017 were enrolled in the study. They were periodically followed up postoperatively at least for 6 months. Swab sampling from ear cavity was performed, and the samples were sent for culture and antibiogram. Each specimen was sent for bacterial and fungal analysis. If bacterial culture result was positive, the sensitivity of the cultured organisms to common antibiotics was also assessed.

Results:

Seventy-four patients entered into the survey. Twenty-six (35%) of samples were positive for bacteria, and 11 (14.5%) were positive for fungi. Furthermore, 3 (4%) of the studied ears were positive simultaneously for both bacterial and fungal culture. Among cultured bacteria, Staphylococcus epidermidis was the most common species (29%). Candida species was the most common fungal species (8%).

Conclusions:

Microbial infection is a common finding after CWD mastoidectomy. S. epidermidis and Candida species should be considered as the primary targets of treatment.
Changes of Serum Levels of Caspase-3 after Trauma and Ototoxic Damage of the Cochlea in Rabbits
Authors: Pavlidis Pavlos , Gouveris Haralampos , Nikolaidis Vasileios , Schittek Gregor Alexander
Published: April 2022

Background:

Caspase-3 is one of the most important enzymes for the regulation of apoptosis.

Aims and Objectives:

Aim of our study was to examine the changes in serum levels of this factor during apoptotic phenomena in the cochlea, caused by traumatic or ototoxic causes.

Materials and Methods:

A cohort of 24 rabbits was studied for this purpose for 31 days. Eight animals were implanted with a cochlear implant electrode (group A), 8 were treated with intramuscular amikacin for 14 days (group B) and another 8 were the control group (group C). In all groups DPOAEs and serum levels of caspase-3 were tested every second day.

Results:

Serum levels of caspase-3 rise immediately after implantation, while a 3-day latency in levels was seen in group B. Caspase-3-levels in both groups remained elevated until the 31st day of the experiment. Levels of caspase-3 showed a moderate negative correlation with DPAOE amplitudes.

Conclusion:

Caspase-3 rises after traumatic and ototoxic causes and moderately correlates with cochlear outer hair cell function in rabbits. Therefore, serum caspase-3 levels should be tested as a surrogate marker of structural integrity of the cochlea after trauma or administration of ototoxic drugs in humans as well.
Factors Affecting Compliance to Quarantine and its Psychological Effects during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Chauhan Amanjot Kaur , Singh Abhishek , Ranjan Rajesh , Gupta Vikas , Goel Pawan Kumar
Published: April 2022

Background:

COVID-19 has caused pandemic during 2019–2020 and has presented with illnesses ranging from the usual mild flu to serious respiratory problems/complications, even leading to considerable mortality. Recent literatures have suggested that the health (especially psychological) impacts of quarantine are substantial and can be long lasting.

Aim:

The purpose of this study was to assess the mental health status (psychological distress) of experienced quarantine and compliance to quarantine during the outbreak of COVID-19 in Nuh district.

Methods:

The study included 543 subjects (adults aged 18 years or more) who were sent for quarantine at home or state-run facilities and included “Flu corner” screened patient and health-care staff working in COVID-19 outpatient and wards. The psychological impact was assessed using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). Categorical data were presented as percentages (%), and bivariable logistic regression was applied to find out the association, and it was considered significant if the P < 0.05.

Results:

The doctors and nursing staff were among two-fifth of the subjects (217/543, 40.1%), and only 11.6% of quarantined subjects (63/543) were compliant with all protective measures. The mean score obtained on Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10) subjects was 18.69 ± 4.88, whereas out of 543 subjects, 152 (27.9%) had a score of 20 or more, and it has a significant association with the elderly age group, female gender, and workplace as exposure setting (P < 0.05).

Conclusion:

Given the developing situation with coronavirus pandemic, policymakers urgently need evidence synthesis to produce guidance for the public. Thus, the outcomes of this study will positively help authorities, administrators, and policymakers to apply quarantine measures in a better way.
Convalescent Plasma for Coronavirus Disease 2019
Authors: Kutikuppala L V Simhachalam , Deka Nijora , Farooq Mohd Umar , Gaffar Aisha Abeer Abdul , Jose Anna Mary
Published: April 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic emergence has re-evaluated the functionality of the notable convalescent plasma transfusion (CPT). It is a source of neutralising antibodies, which when transfused into severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infected patients are believed to employ an antiviral effect, suppressing the replication of virus before the patients regain their own effective humoral immune responses. The major accepted mode of action of the CPT therapy is viremia clearance, that happens mostly between 10 and 14 days after infection. Hence, CPT has been administered to the recipients typically after the emergence of early symptoms for anticipating maximize the efficacy of the therapy. CPT has been used in treating viral diseases including measles, mumps, poliomyelitis, and influenza in the pre-vaccine era. More recently, it has been used as a treatment approach for influenza, Ebola virus disease, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus epidemics, with varying success. The available evidence till date suggests that convalescent plasma which is collected from the COVID 19 survivors contains “receptor binding domain specific antibodies” possessing potent antiviral activity. Multicentred and well-designed clinical trial studies in establishing the efficacy of CPT among COVID-19 patients are being conducted globally. PubMed, EMBASE, and Medline databases were screened till November 01, 2020. This is an attempt to review studies of convalescent plasma on clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19. From the outcomes of some of the completed studies, it is suggested that CPT therapy among COVID-19 patients seems to be safe and clinically efficacious to some extent.
Medical Profession in the 21st Century. Is it Still Alluring??
Authors: Bansal Savita , Aneja Prachi Saffar , Aneja Manish , Bansal Ravi , Arora Jyoti
Published: April 2022

Introduction:

The world, particularly India, is in the midst of one of the worst pandemics ever. The second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic has hit the country like a tsunami, taking a toll on life. A robust health-care industry with competent, productive, and positive manpower is needed like never before. The productivity of doctors is directly related to the fulfillment they experience in their jobs.

Aims and Objectives:

The study will try to explore the satisfaction level of doctors working in Haryana. It will also delve into major determinants of satisfaction and dissatisfaction.

Materials and Methods:

The cross-sectional survey-based analysis was conducted in FMHS SGTU on doctors employed in Haryana. The prevalidated questionnaire was administered via Google Forms.

Results:

A total of 515 filled pro forma were obtained. 71.6% of doctors were found to be satisfied in their chosen profession.

Discussion:

The discontentment among doctors is now globally acknowledged. It stems from a wide array of issues such as the growing incidents of workplace violence, lack of security measures, deteriorating doctor–patient relationship, erratic work hours, monumental workload in stressful environment, inadequate infrastructure, and pitiful pay.

Conclusion:

There is marked diminution in doctors' morale who regret being in this profession more and more. However, with the joint efforts of society and competent authorities, this grim situation can be rectified. Steps should be taken to build a strong doctor–patient relationship based on trust and boost infrastructure so that medical profession can be made alluring in the 21st century.
Evaluation of Pulmonary Function Tests in Allergic Rhinitis Patients Attending a Rural Tertiary Care Hospital in South India
Authors: Waheeda S , Ali S Syed Liyakath , Sathyamurthy K
Published: April 2022

Background:

Pulmonary function tests (PFTs) include a variety of tests such as spirometry, the volume of lung measurement, and diffusing capacity of lung quantification. Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a kind of rhinitis related to complex symptomatology characterized by rhinorrhea, obstruction of the nasal cavity, attacks of sneezing, and irritation of the nose, palate, and eyes. PFT could be deranged in AR patients, as they sustain anomalous airway function, determined by obstruction. Hence, assessing PFT's are a crucial part of the patient workup with AR.

Aim:

The current study evaluated the variations in pulmonary function among AR patients.

Materials and Methods:

A sum of 100 people were included in the study, of which 50 people were with AR meeting inclusion criteria, whereas the same age- and gender-matched 50 persons were regarded as a “control group.” PFTs were performed after getting informed consent from both groups. Data were charted and analyzed for statistical significance by the Student's t-test.

Results:

P value of maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) has been observed to be the most significant, pointing toward a marked reduction of MVV in the AR patients in comparison to the control group. The P value of forced expiratory volume 1 (FEV1) is moderately significant, depicting a mild decrease in FEV1 among the study group. The P value of FEV1% has been highly significant, pointing toward a marked decrease in FEV1% among the study group participants. The P value of peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) has been highly significant, denoting a substantial decrease in PEFR in the study group.

Conclusion:

Alterations in the pulmonary function were evaluated by applying the PFT's among the AR patients of Salem. It was observed that PFT values such as “FEV1, FEV1%, MVV, and PEFR” demonstrated a notable reduction in the allergic patients compared to control.
A Study of Type of Aphasia in Cortical and Subcortical Strokes
Authors: Misri Zulkifli , Jhawar Amruta A , Bhat Jayashree , Monteiro Berton Craig , Ahmed Safwan
Published: April 2022

Context:

In the elderly stroke or stroke-related injury often results in cortical dysfunction termed as aphasia. This affects language usage and multiple aspects of communication. Comparative studies between cortical and subcortical lesions in aphasia are lacking.

Aim:

To study the type of aphasia in cortical and subcortical strokes.

Settings and Design:

Prospective observational.

Subjects and Methods:

Subjects with cortical and subcortical strokes of the dominant cerebral hemisphere were included in the study and divided into various aphasia types. Bedside language tests and distribution according to educational qualifications were performed. The subjects were assessed for aphasia scores and its association was performed with other baseline characteristics.

Statistical Analysis Used:

Data was expressed as a percentage and mean ± standard deviation. Kolmogorov-Smirnov analysis and Fischer's exact test or Chi-square test were used.

Results:

Significant difference was noted between the type of aphasia and age group in study subjects (P < 0.001). A severe form of language dysfunction like global aphasia was noted in subjects with a comparatively low level of education, with subcortical bleed, or those with left perisylvian infarcts. Subjects with diabetes and dyslipidemia had a higher risk of developing anomic aphasia (P = 0.02).

Conclusions:

This study showed the type of aphasia in subjects with cortical and subcortical strokes and it revealed that age at onset, level of education, and site of the lesion were associated with the outcome of patients of aphasia.
Inclusion of Sexual Health-Related Competencies in Undergraduate Medical Education
Authors: Shrivastava Saurabh RamBihariLal , Shrivastava Prateek Saurabh
Published: April 2022

Sexual health has been recognized as an essential component of the overall health of humans. The purpose of current review is to explore the need and opportunities for the incorporation of sexual health-related competencies in the undergraduate medical curriculum. An extensive search of all materials related to the topic was carried out in the PubMed search engine, and a total of 9 articles were selected based upon the suitability with the current review objectives and analyzed. Keywords used in the search include sexual health and medical education in the title alone only. In general, the health professionals are not ready for this role on their own, and this establishes the need that undergraduate medical students should be exposed to competencies pertaining to sexual health during their training period. In the current setup, we cannot ignore the fact that not many teaching hours are assigned to sexual health, there is absence of standard competencies, lack of plans for teaching-learning or assessment of the same, and the discomfort among both doctors and patients to openly talk about the same. The competencies for sexual health should be formulated, and subsequently, a thorough curriculum mapping should be done. In conclusion, regardless of the specialty branch which an undergraduate medical student might opt in the future, there is an indispensable need to expose them to competencies pertaining to the maintenance of sexual health and well-being.
Clinicopathological Spectrum of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
Authors: Govindaraman Padmanaban Krishnan , Aravindan U , Michael Rajiv
Published: April 2022

Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) is the most common primary mesenchymal neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract, and they are potentially malignant tumors with varied biological behavior. The objective of this study was to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of GISTs in our institution. Medical records of nine cases of GISTs diagnosed during January 2018 to March 2021 were reviewed. Details of patient demographics, clinical presentation, treatment details, and gross and histopathological features were noted. GISTs were commonly seen in stomach in 50–60-year age group with slight male preponderance. Abdominal pain was the most common symptom. Other sites encountered were colon, mesentery, peritoneum, and omentum. Most of the gastric GISTs were in low-risk group. Mean size of the tumor was 9.3 cm. Spindle cell type was the most common histological pattern with diffuse hypercellularity subtype. All cases were positive for CD117 (c-kit). One case was inoperable due to dissemination in abdominal cavity, surgery was done in all other cases, and imatinib therapy was given for high-risk cases postoperatively. GIST is uncommon with diverse clinical presentation. CD117 is a very sensitive marker for making a diagnosis of GIST. Successful management of GISTs requires complete surgical resection and adjuvant imatinib therapy for intermediate- and high-risk patient.