bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
A Critical Review on Sulphur Application in Rapeseed-mustard to Enhancing Productivity and Oil Quality
Authors: Maurya Manish Kumar , Sarma Anjan , Behera Pratishruti , Karan Nirmal , Shukla Vineet Kumar , Kumar Anshu , Kumar Gaurav , Kumar Amit
Published: October 2023

Sulfur (S) plays a vital role in determining the seed yield, oil content, quality, and resistance to various stresses in rapeseed-mustard. It is essential for chlorophyll formation, oil synthesis, seed protein, amino acids, enzymes, and glucosinolate in these plants. Sulphur also boosts mustard seed production. However, due to modern agricultural practices, including multiple cropping, the use of sulfur-free fertilizers, and limited organic manure application, soil sulfur levels are depleting rapidly in India. Indian soils typically contain between 10 to 6319 mg kg-1 of sulfur, with most agricultural soils averaging 30 to 300 mg kg-1. Adding sulfur increases mustard oil content by enhancing the activity of an enzyme called acetyl-CoA carboxylase, which is essential for oil synthesis. Sulfur also mitigates the harmful effects of heavy metal toxicity, especially from cadmium. Sulfur interacts with other nutrients in both positive and negative ways. Recommendations for sulfur fertilization in different mustard growing regions have been made based on various research programs. To maximize sulfur use efficiency, it's crucial to apply the correct amount based on soil tests and in balance with other limiting nutrients. Timing of sulfur application is also important; it's best applied at the beginning but can also be top-dressed 20-40 days after planting for optimal yield. Research suggests that mustard responds well to foliar spraying of thiourea during flowering and basal placement before sowing. This paper reviews the strategies to improve sulfur utilization through advancements in application rates, methods, and sulfur sources on rapeseed-mustard.
Influence of Different Sowing Dates and Nutrient Management on Dry Matter Accumulation and Correlation Study for Grain Yield of Wheat (Triticum aestivum. L.)
Authors: Bhagat Ravindra Kumar , Sahu Mahanand , Narayan Dev , Dhurve Rajeshwari
Published: October 2023

A field experiment was carried out during the rabi season of 2020-21 in the Instructional farm of Barrister Thakur Chhedilal College of Agriculture and Research Station, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, to study the “Influenced of different sowing date and nutrient management on dry matter accumulation and Correlation and regression equations for grain yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum. L.)”. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications with keeping four sowing dates viz., D1 (25th October), D2 (5th November), D3 (15th November) and D4 (25th November) as main plot and three fertilizer rates viz., NM1 (RFD), NM2 (150% RFD + FYM 15 t ha-1) and NM3 (150% RFD + FYM 15 t ha-1 + Growth regulators) as sub plot treatments. The crop sown on 5th November and NM3 (150% RFD + FYM 15 t ha-1 + Growth regulators) was significantly influenced by higher dry matter accumulation, CGR, RGR. Results revealed that, the maximum growth i.e. (higher dry matter accumulation, CGR and RGR), yield attributes (weight of grains per ear and test weight) and yield (grain yield) of wheat crop sown on 5th November as compared to other sowing dates. Among the fertilizer rates, maximum growth i.e. (dry matter accumulation, CGR and RGR), yield parameters (weight of grains ear-1 and test weight) were recorded the treatment NM3 (150% RFD + FYM 15 t ha-1 + Growth regulators), which was at par with NM2 (150% RFD + FYM 15 t ha-1). The data revealed that grain yield of wheat was significantly and positively correlated with biomass yield, test weight, number of grain ear-1 head, spike length, grain weight ear-1 head.
In vitro and In vivo Evaluation of Fungicides against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz. & Sacc) in Mango
Authors: Verma Sushma , Sahu Shanta , Choudhary Ajay , Panchouli Lokesh Kumar
Published: October 2023

Six fungicides were evaluated against the anthracnose pathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz. & Sacc) through poison food technique under in vitro conditions and through foliar sprays under field conditions. Under In vitro conditions carbendazim (50%) WP @ 0.1% completely inhibited mycelial growth  while carbendazim (12%) + mancozeb (63%) WP @ 0.1% was found most effective in terms of Percent Diseases Index(27.55%), Per cent Disease Control (60%) and maximum yield (122.61 kg/tree) under field conditions.
PENGARUH PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP PERFORMA FINANSIAL PADA PERUSAHAAN PROPERTI, KONSTRUKSI DAN REAL ESTATE YANG TERDAFTAR DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA
Authors: Gunawan Ronaldo Richard , Anastasia Njo
Published: October 2023

Pandemi Covid-19 telah berdampak ke Indonesia terhadap kondisi ekonomi negara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan dari performa keuangan pada masa sebelum dan sesudah pandemi Covid 19 dalam hal liquidity , leverage , profitability dan activity ratio pada perusahaan perusahaan properti, konstruksi dan real estate yang ada di Bursa Efek Indonesia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test. Hasil penelitian memberikan hasil bahwa jika hanya ditinjau sektor proper ti dan real estate saja, maka terjadi perbedaan signifikan sebelum dan sesudah Covid 19 dengan tinjauan rentang waktu 2017 2022 untuk rasio profitability dan activity ratio , sementara 2018 2021 untuk rasio profitability saja. Terakhir, jika hanya ditinjau sektor konstruksi saja, maka terjadi perbedaan signifikan sebelum dan sesudah Covid 19 dengan tinjauan rentang waktu 2017 2022 untuk rasio profitability dan activity ratio , sementara 2018 2021 untuk rasio leverage , profitability dan activity ratio.
Evaluation of stigma in access to the psychosocial care center / Avaliação do estigma no acesso ao centro de atenção psicossocial
Authors: Eslabão Adriane Domingues , De Pinho Leandro Barbosa , Dos Santos Elitiele Ortiz
Published: October 2023

Objetivo: avaliar as relações do estigma com o acesso ao Centro de Atenção Psicossocial. Método: Estudo de avaliação qualitativa, tipo estudo de caso, guiado pela Avaliação de Quarta Geração. Participaram da pesquisa dez usuários, dez familiares e nove trabalhadores, para coleta de dados utilizou-se a entrevista semiestruturada, análise documental e registros em diários de campo, realizados em 2019. Para a análise dos dados utilizou-se o Método Comparativo Constante. Resultados: A vivência do estigma por pessoas em sofrimento psíquico dificulta as suas relações em sociedade e o acesso aos cuidados no Centro de Atenção Psicossocial e em outros serviços da rede. Com o uso de uma avaliação inovadora os participantes problematizaram a questão do estigma e trouxeram contribuições para o enfrentamento. Conclusão: É preciso combater o estigma em saúde mental e tornar as relações humanas mais empáticas e respeitosas, garantindo melhores distribuições de renda, acesso a saúde e educação de qualidade.
Stress Analysis and Construction Method Proposal based on Change in H-pile Spacing for Soil-Cement Mixed Wall Subjected to Lateral Earth Pressure
Authors: Kim Hyun-Gi , Kim Hyun-Ik , Kim Bum-Joon
Published: October 2023

Several improved techniques for constructing soil-cement wall (SCW) have emerged owing to the advancement of equipment. However, the increasing occurrence of safety accidents can be attributed to the lack of analysis regarding failure behavior and insufficient research on design methods. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of both domestic and international design formulas for the SCW technique in practical applications. It also delved into the theory behind the arch formation and the failure behavior due to lateral earth pressure. An excavation method that can reduce stress, decrease the strength required for on-site mixing, or widen the installation interval for the H-pile was proposed. A case study was conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The eccentric steel inclusions for soil cement wall (ESCW) method, which seeks to maximize the arch effect, could reduce stress by approximately 50% compared to the existing SCW.
Stability and Economic Evaluation of Agricultural Reservoirs with PV Systems
Authors: Son Jin-Su , Lee Jin-Young
Published: October 2023

In Korea, the majority of agricultural reservoirs have been in use for over 50 years. Hence, there is an urgent need for maintenance and reinforcement to safeguard against potential collapses caused by unforeseen natural disasters. This study assessed the stability and economic viability of applying solar panels to these agricultural reservoir embankments. The Slope/w program was used to analyze the stability of embankments fitted with solar panels, considering reinforcement techniques and the load from the photovoltaic (PV) system. The economic feasibility of the PV system was determined using the RETScreen program, factoring in the unit cost of solar modules, lifespan of solar panels, and specific climatic conditions of the target reservoir. The findings indicate that the PV system and reinforcement techniques enhanced the stability of the reservoir embankments. Furthermore, economic benefits, such as production of electricity and reduction of greenhouse gas, can be expected.
A Study on Areal Rainfall in the Han River Basin Based on Radar Data
Authors: Kwon Hyun-Han , So Byung-Jin , Cho Bong-Yeon , Kim Seok-Woo , Kim Tae-Woong
Published: October 2023

Areal rainfall is an essential factor used in the basin-scale hydrological analyses, and accurate areal rainfall is required to ensure the reliability of the associated hydrologic output. Areal rainfall is the average of the rainfall that occurs in a watershed. Areal rainfall calculation methods based on point observation networks are based on the assumption that point rainfall is representative of the entire basin. Radar can provide spatially continuous rainfall data to obtain realistic areal rainfall. In this study, radar rainfall data was used to evaluate the relationship between conventional and actual areal rainfall. Consequently, a significant difference was noted between the conventional area rainfall and the actual area rainfall because the conventional area rainfall did not reflect the distribution characteristics of rainfall in the basin and the variability of quantitative characteristics. Therefore, radar rainfall that can reflect the distribution of rainfall in the basin must be considered when analyzing the hydrological volume at the basin level, and an appropriate correction plan must be prepared based on the results of this study when using the conventional area rainfall.
Study on Fire-Resistance Performance and Heat-Discharge Characteristics Based on the Thickness of Plant Concrete Barriers
Authors: Shin Yichul , Kim Daehoi , Park Sooyoung
Published: October 2023

Fire-resistant barriers are usually installed in industrial plants to reduce the risk in fire. These barriers are installed in accordance with the guidelines stipulated in various standards applicable to the plant, but the standards for fire-resistance performance and barrier thickness are unclear. In this study, fire-resistance tests were conducted on concrete barriers installed in plants to assess their fire-resistance performance and heat-discharge characteristics. The test results were then analyzed to ensure that the fire performance specified in the relevant standards is satisfied, and the risk in fire was investigated.
Promoting longevity with less cancer: The 2022 International Conference on Aging and Cancer
Authors: Cui Yan , Wang Kai , Jiang Danli , Jiang Yizhou , Shi Dawei , DeGregori James , Waxman Samuel , Ren Ruibao
Published: October 2023

Aging and cancer are increasingly becoming big challenges for public health worldwide due to increased human life expectancy. Meanwhile, aging is one of the major risk factors for cancer. In December 2019, the first International Conference on Aging and Cancer was held in Haikou, Hainan province (island), China, preluding the establishment of the International Center for Aging and Cancer (ICAC) at Hainan, an institute dedicated to the research at the intersection of aging and cancer. Since then, the ICAC has hosted the annual conference each December in Hainan. The 2022 ICAC conference, with the theme of “promoting longevity with less cancer,” invited 17 internationally renowned scientists to share their new research and insights. Topics included DNA methylation in rejuvenation, development, and cellular senescence; lifespan regulation and longevity manipulation; metabolism and aging; cellular senescence and diseases; and novel therapeutics for cancer and antiaging/anticancer drug discovery. The forum highlighted the interconnectedness of aging and senescence with cancer evolution and risk. Although there is hope for preventing diseases like cancer by modulating systems that also control lifespan, attention has to be paid to the conflicting needs and competing demands in human biology.
Siting issues still prominent hurdle in planned development of OPCs
Authors: Enos Gary
Published: October 2023

Whether they're called “overdose prevention centers (OPCs),” “safe injection sites” or something else, operations that seek to combine spaces for supervised drug use with health and support services continue to elicit strong reaction in the local communities where they're proposed. A persistent lack of direction from the federal government on the legality of these operations has done nothing to quell the controversy, only fueling it further if anything.
Tuning Blood–Material Interactions to Generate Versatile Hemostatic Powders and Gels
Authors: Wang Xueru , Yuan Kai , Su Yang , Li Xiaoyue , Meng Limin , Zhao Nana , Hu Yang , Duan Feng , Xu Fu‐Jian
Published: October 2023

Polymer‐based hemostatic materials/devices have been increasingly exploited for versatile clinical scenarios, while there is an urgent need to reveal the rational design/facile approach for procoagulant surfaces through regulating blood–material interactions. In this work, degradable powders (PLPS) and thermoresponsive gels (F127‐PLPS) are readily developed as promising hemostatic materials for versatile clinical applications, through tuning blood–material interactions with optimized grafting of cationic polylysine: the former is facilely prepared by conjugating polylysine onto porous starch particle, while F127‐PLPS is prepared by the simple mixture of PLPS and commercial thermosensitive polymer. In vitro and in vivo results demonstrate that PLPS2 with the optimal‐/medium content of polylysine grafts achieve the superior hemostatic performance. The underlying procoagulant mechanism of PLPS2 surface is revealed as the selective fibrinogen adsorption among the competitive plasma‐protein‐adsorption process, which is the foundation of other blood–material interactions. Moreover, in vitro results confirm the achieved procoagulant surface of F127‐PLPS through optimal PLPS2 loading. Together with the tunable thermoresponsiveness, F127‐PLPS exhibits outstanding hemostatic utilization in both femoral‐artery‐injury and renal‐artery‐embolization models. The work thereby pioneers an appealing approach for generating versatile polymer‐based hemostatic materials/devices.
Skin‐Attachable Ink‐Dispenser‐Printed Paper Fluidic Sensor Patch for Colorimetric Sweat Analysis
Authors: Zheng Xin Ting , Goh Wei Peng , Yu Yong , Sutarlie Laura , Chen Der Ying , Tan Sherwin Chong Li , Jiang Changyun , Zhao Meng , Ba Te , Li Hongying , Su Xiaodi , Yang Le
Published: October 2023

In situ analysis of sweat biomarkers potentially provides noninvasive lifestyle monitoring and early diagnosis. Quantitative detection of sweat rate is crucial for thermoregulation and preventing heat injuries. Here, a skin‐attachable paper fluidic patch is reported for in situ colorimetric sensing of multiple sweat markers (pH, glucose, lactate, and uric acid) with concurrent sweat rate tracking. Two sets of fluidic patterns—multiplexed detection zones and a longitudinal sweat rate channel—are directly printed by an automated ink dispenser from a specially developed ceramic‐based ink. The ceramic ink thermal‐cures into an impervious barrier, confining sweat within the channels. The ceramic‐ink‐printed boundary achieves higher pattern resolution, prevents fluid leakage, attains pattern thermal stability, and resistant to organic solvents. The cellulose matrix of the detection zones is modified with nanoparticles to improve the color homogeneity and sweat sensor sensitivity. The sweat rate channel is made moisture sensitive by incorporating a metal‐salt‐based dye. The change in saturation/color of the detection zones and/or channels upon sweat addition can be visually detected or quantified by a smartphone camera. A cost‐effective way is provided to fabricate paper fluidic sensor patches, successfully demonstrating on‐body multiplexed evaluation of sweat analytes. Such skin wearables offer on‐site analysis, meaningful to an increasingly health‐conscious population.
Engineered CpG‐Loaded Nanorobots Drive Autophagy‐Mediated Immunity for TLR9‐Positive Cancer Therapy
Authors: Wang Yi , Qiao Sheng‐Lin , Wang Jie , Yu Meng‐Zhen , Wang Nan‐Nan , Mamuti Muhetaerjiang , An Hong‐Wei , Lin Yao‐Xin , Wang Hao
Published: October 2023

Smart nanorobots have emerged as novel drug delivery platforms in nanomedicine, potentially improving anti‐cancer efficacy and reducing side effects. In this study, an intelligent tumor microenvironment‐responsive nanorobot is developed that effectively delivers CpG payloads to Toll‐like receptor 9 (TLR9)‐positive tumors to induce autophagy‐mediated cell death for immunotherapy. The nanorobots are fabricated by co‐self‐assembly of two amphiphilic triblock polymer peptides: one containing the matrix metallopeptidase 2 (MMP2)‐cleaved GPLGVRGS motif to control the mechanical opening of the nanorobots and provide targeting capability for TLR‐9‐positive tumors and the other consisting of an arginine‐rich GRRRDRGRS sequence that can condense nuclear acid payloads through electrostatic interactions. Using multiple tumor‐bearing mouse models, it is investigated whether the intravenous injection of CpG‐loaded nanorobots could effectively deliver CpG payloads to TLR‐9‐positive tumors and elicit anti‐tumor immunity through TLR9 signaling and autophagy. Therefore, besides being a commonly used adjuvant for tumor vaccination, CpG‐loaded nanorobots can effectively reprogram the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment and suppress tumor growth and recurrence. This nanorobot‐based CpG immunotherapy can be considered a feasible approach to induce anti‐tumor immunity, showing great therapeutic potential for the future treatment of TLR9‐positive cancers.
In Situ Dual‐Interface Passivation Strategy Enables The Efficiency of Formamidinium Perovskite Solar Cells Over 25%
Authors: Wang Haonan , Zheng Yifan , Zhang Guodong , Wang Pengxiang , Sui Xinyuan , Yuan Haiyang , Shi Yifeng , Zhang Ge , Ding Guoyu , Li Yan , Li Tao , Yang Shuang , Shao Yuchuan
Published: October 2023

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are promising candidates for next‐generation photovoltaics owing to their unparalleled power conversion efficiencies (PCEs). Currently, approaches to further improve device efficiencies tend to focus on the passivation of interfacial defects. Although various strategies have been developed to mitigate these defects, many involve complex and time‐consuming post‐treatment processes, thereby hindering their widespread adoption in commercial applications. In this work, a concise but efficient in situ dual‐interface passivation strategy is developed wherein 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium methanesulfonate (MS) is employed as a precursor additive. During perovskite crystallization, MS can either be enriched downward through precipitation with SnO2, or can be aggregated upward through lattice extrusion. These self‐assembled MS species play a significant role in passivating the defect interfaces, thereby reducing nonradiative recombination losses, and promoting more efficient charge extraction. As a result, a PCE >25% (certified PCE of 24.84%) is achieved with substantially improved long‐term storage and photothermal stabilities. This strategy provides valuable insights into interfacial passivation and holds promise for the industrialization of PSCs.
Anion Exchange Ionomers: Design Considerations and Recent Advances ‐ An Electrochemical Perspective
Authors: Favero Silvia , Stephens Ifan E. L. , Titirci Maria‐Magdalena
Published: October 2023

Alkaline‐based electrochemical devices, such as anion exchange membrane (AEM) fuel cells and electrolyzers, are receiving increasing attention. However, while the catalysts and membrane are methodically studied, the ionomer is largely overlooked. In fact, most of the studies in alkaline electrolytes are conducted using the commercial proton exchange ionomer Nafion. The ionomer provides ionic conductivity; it is also essential for gas transport and water management, as well as for controlling the mechanical stability and the morphology of the catalyst layer. Moreover, the ionomer has distinct requirements that differ from those of anion‐exchange membranes, such as a high gas permeability, and that depend on the specific electrode, such as water management. As a result, it is necessary to tailor the ionomer structure to the specific application in isolation and as part of the catalyst layer. In this review, an overview of the current state of the art for anion exchange ionomers is provided, summarizing their specific requirements and limitations in the context of AEM electrolyzers and fuel cells.
Ultrastrong and High‐Tough Thermoset Epoxy Resins from Hyperbranched Topological Structure and Subnanoscaled Free Volume
Authors: Liu Xin , Wu Huanghu , Xu Wei , Jiang Yu , Zhang Junheng , Ye Bangjiao , Zhang Hongjun , Chen Sufang , Miao Menghe , Zhang Daohong
Published: October 2023

The strength and toughness of thermoset epoxy resins are generally mutually exclusive, as are the high performance and rapid recyclability. Experimentally determined mechanical strength values are usually much lower than their theoretical values. The preparation of thermoset epoxy resins with high modulus, high toughness, ultrastrong strength, and highly efficient recyclability is still a challenge. Here, novel hyperbranched epoxy resins (Bn, n = 6, 12, 24) with imide structures by a thiol‐ene click reaction. Bn shows an excellent comprehensive function in simultaneously improving the strength, modulus, toughness, low‐temperature resistance, and degradability of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol‐A (DGEBA). All the mechanical properties first increase and then decrease with minimization of the free volume properties. The improvement is attributable to uniform molecular holes or free volume by a molecular mixture of linear and hyperbranched topological structures. The precise measurement and controllability of the molecular free volume properties of epoxy resins is first discovered, as well as the imide structure degradation of crosslinked epoxy resins. The two conflicts are successfully resolved between strength and toughness and between high performance during service and high efficiency during degradation. These findings provide a route for designing ultrastrong, tough, and recyclable thermoset epoxy resins.
Spin Coated Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotube Patch Antenna for Breast Cancer Detection
Authors: Hasan Raja Rashidul , Jasmine Jasika , Saleque Ahmed Mortuza , Eshan Sumit Hassan , Tusher Raja Tariqul Hasan , Zabin Sadia , Nowshin Nadia , Rahman Md. Abdur , Tsang Yuen Hong
Published: October 2023

Early detection of breast cancer can be a life‐saving measure for many patients. The inaccessibility of X‐rays, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and other medical facilities in many resource‐constrained areas hinders the early detection of breast cancer. In this paper, the use of a rectangular patch antenna for breast cancer detection is proposed by using multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as patch material. The proposed antenna is designed by CST software which is (30 × 40 × 1.66) mm in dimension. A breast model is designed including tumor and cancerous tumors by specific tissue properties for observing the antenna performance in different cases. In free space, the return loss of the designed antenna is observed at −33.414 dB. Moreover, the S11 is examined in a normal breast, a breast including a normal tumor, and a breast including a cancerous tumor is −32.641 dB, −34.94 dB, and −35.22 dB respectively. It can be utilized on a human body phantom model due to its adaptability and reduced radiation properties. The proposed antenna is miniature in size, cost‐effective, easily portable, and eco‐friendly. It can be used as a first screening tool for breast cancer patients, particularly in resource‐constrained regions.
Thermal‐Annealing Enhanced Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence of Polymer‐Based Organic Materials
Authors: Wang Peng , Qiu Lu , Wu Jintong , Wen Tao
Published: October 2023

Polymer‐based organic room‐temperature phosphorescent (RTP) materials have recently attracted significant attention. In most of the previous works, ‘chemical approaches’ were applied to improve the performance of RTP materials, such as designing certain phosphors or selecting specific polymeric matrixes. However, enhancing triplet emission through facile ‘physical approaches’ is rarely reported. In this study, enhanced RTP emissions of phosphor‐doped polymers are reported by thermal annealing. By doping a difluoroboron β‐diketonate derivative into poly(diacetone acrylamide) (PDAAM), green RTP emissions can be obtained. After thermal annealing at 125 °C for 5 min, the afterglow duration of RTP increases from 2.6 to 5.3 s and also the brightness of RTP emission exhibits a threefold increase. Such post‐treatment is applicable for various polymeric matrixes. The mechanism underlying thermal‐annealing enhanced RTP is investigated. Moreover, it demonstrates that controlled RTP by thermal annealing can be used in information encryption and anti‐counterfeiting. This work provides new insight into the development of organic RTP materials with tunable emissions.
Highly Stretchable Textile Knitted Interdigital Sensor for Wearable Technology Applications
Authors: Yilmaz Ayse Feyza , Ahmed Ibrahim Adel Khamis , Gumus Cagatay , Ozlem Kadir , Cetin Munire Sibel , Atalay Asli Tuncay , Ince Gökhan , Atalay Ozgur
Published: October 2023

Wearable technology applications have experienced remarkable development and advancements, with soft and stretchable strain sensors playing a significant role in this progress. Despite the promising potential of combed‐shaped interdigital capacitive strain sensors in wearable electronics, several challenges exist, including limited stretchability, universal mass fabrication, and seamless integration into diverse clothing parts. This study presents a textile knitted interdigital capacitive sensor that incorporates stretchable conductive yarn, produced using textile twisting technology, to achieve stretchability and adaptability, allowing seamless conformation to human body movements and textile materials. The fabrication process involves embedding the interdigital electrodes and interconnections directly into the fabric through textile knitting technology, ensuring robust integration. Furthermore, this work presents opportunities for commercializing the stretchable interdigital strain sensor through a low‐cost and mass production strategy. Electromechanical characterization demonstrates exceptional performance with high stretchability (≈230%), excellent linearity (R2 = 0.997), a gauge factor (GF) of −0.68 representing relative capacitance change, and a rapid response time of 66 ms. To validate the usability of sensors in wearable technology, a knee brace application is employed to investigate capacitance changes during walking and cycling exercises. This approach will accelerate the accessibility of wearable stretchable interdigital sensors for all.
A Note on Bias Correction for the Standard Two‐Sided Power Distribution
Authors: Lemonte Artur J.
Published: October 2023

It is verified that the maximum likelihood (ML) estimators of the standard two‐sided power distribution (STSP) parameters introduced by van Dorp and Kotz on the interval (0,1) can be severely biased. Since the usual analytical methods of bias correction cannot be applied in such a parametric distribution, bootstrap bias correction methods are proposed. The numerical study favors a particular bootstrap estimator based on parametric resampling. Real data applications are also considered to illustrate the impact of bias correction of the usual maximum likelihood estimators of the standard two‐sided power distribution parameters when the sample size is small.
Impaired Efferocytosis Enables Apoptotic Osteoblasts to Escape Osteoimmune Surveillance During Aging
Authors: Xu Rongyao , Xie Hanyu , Shen Xin , Huang Jiadong , Zhang Hengguo , Fu Yu , Zhang Ping , Guo Songsong , Wang Dongmiao , Li Sheng , Zheng Kai , Sun Wen , Liu Laikui , Cheng Jie , Jiang Hongbing
Published: October 2023

Macrophage efferocytosis of apoptotic osteoblasts (apoOBs) is a key osteoimmune process for bone homeostasis. However, apoOBs frequently accumulate in aged bone marrow, where they may mount proinflammatory responses and progressive bone loss. The reason why apoOBs are not cleared during aging remains unclear. In this study, it is demonstrated that aged apoOBs upregulate the immune checkpoint molecule CD47, which is controlled by SIRT6‐regulated transcriptional pausing, to evade clearance by macrophages. Using osteoblast‐ and myeloid‐specific gene knockout mice, SIRT6 is further revealed to be a critical modulator for apoOBs clearance via targeting CD47‐SIRPα checkpoint. Moreover, apoOBs activate SIRT6‐mediated chemotaxis to recruit macrophages by releasing apoptotic vesicles. Two targeting delivery strategies are developed to enhance SIRT6 activity, resulting in rejuvenated apoOBs clearance and delayed age‐related bone loss. Collectively, the findings reveal a previously unknown linkage between immune surveillance and bone homeostasis and targeting the SIRT6‐regulated mechanism can be a promising therapeutic strategy for age‐related bone diseases.
Continuous Condensed Triplet Accumulation for Irradiance‐Induced Anticounterfeit Afterglow
Authors: Badriyah Ende Hopsah , Hayashi Kikuya , Sk Bahadur , Takano Rina , Ishida Takayuki , Hirata Shuzo
Published: October 2023

Afterglow room‐temperature emission that is independent of autofluorescence after ceasing excitation is a promising technology for state‐of‐the‐art bioimaging and security devices. However, the low brightness of the afterglow emission is a current limitation for using such materials in a variety of applications. Herein, the continuous formation of condensed triplet excitons for brighter afterglow room‐temperature phosphorescence is reported. (S)‐(‐)‐2,2′‐Bis(diphenylphosphino)‐1,1′‐binaphthyl ((S)‐BINAP) incorporated in a crystalline host lattice showed bright green afterglow room‐temperature phosphorescence under strong excitation. The small triplet–triplet absorption cross‐section of (S)‐BINAP in the whole range of visible wavelengths greatly suppressed the deactivation caused by Förster resonance energy transfer from excited states of (S)‐BINAP to the accumulated triplet excitons of (S)‐BINAP under strong continuous excitation. The steady–state concentration of the triplet excitons for (S)‐BINAP reached 2.3 × 10−2 M, producing a bright afterglow. Owing to the brighter afterglow, afterglow detection using individual particles with sizes approaching the diffraction limit in aqueous conditions and irradiance‐dependent anticounterfeiting can be achieved.
Integrated FRET Polymers Spatially Reveal Micro‐ to Nanostructure and Irregularities in Electrospun Microfibers
Authors: Liao Xiaojian , Sychev Dmitrii , Rymsha Khrystyna , Al‐Hussein Mahmoud , Farinha José Paulo , Fery Andreas , Besford Quinn A.
Published: October 2023

A spatial view of macroscopic polymer material properties, in terms of nanostructure and irregularities, can help to better understand engineering processes such as when materials may fail. However, bridging the gap between the molecular‐scale arrangement of polymer chains and the spatially resolved macroscopic properties of a material poses numerous difficulties. Herein, an integrated messenger material that can report on the material micro‐ to nanostructure and its processes is introduced. It is based on polymer chains labeled with fluorescent dyes that feature Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) dependent on chain conformation and concentration within a host polymer material. These FRET materials are integrated within electrospun polystyrene microfibers, and the FRET is analyzed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Importantly, the use of CLSM allows a spatial view of material nanostructure and irregularities within the microfibers, where changes in FRET are significant when differences in fiber geometries and regularities exist. Furthermore, changes in FRET observed in damaged regions of the fibers indicate changes in polymer conformation and/or concentration as the material changes during compression. The system promises high utility for applications where nano‐to‐macro communication is needed for a better understanding of material processes.
Transient Loss‐Induced Non‐Hermitian Degeneracies for Ultrafast Terahertz Metadevices
Authors: He Weibao , Hu Yuze , Ren Ziheng , Hu Siyang , Yu Zhongyi , Wan Shun , Cheng Xiang'ai , Jiang Tian
Published: October 2023

Non‐Hermitian degeneracies, also known as exceptional points (EPs), have attracted considerable attention due to their unique physical properties. In particular, metasurfaces related to EPs can open the way to unprecedented devices with functionalities such as unidirectional transmission and ultra‐sensitive sensing. Herein, an active non‐Hermitian metasurface with a loss‐induced parity‐time symmetry phase transition for ultrafast terahertz metadevices is demonstrated. Specifically, the eigenvalues of the non‐Hermitian transmission matrix undergo a phase transition under optical excitation and are degenerate at EPs in parameter space, which is accompanied by the collapse of chiral transmission. Ultrafast EP modulation on a picosecond time scale can be realized through variations in the transient loss at a non‐Hermitian metasurface pumped by pulsed excitation. Furthermore, by exploiting the physical characteristics of chiral transmission EPs, a switchable quarter‐wave plate based on the photoactive metasurface is designed and experimentally verified and realized the corresponding function of polarization manipulation. This work opens promising possibilities for designing functional terahertz metadevices and fuses EP physics with active metasurfaces.
Insight into role of surface Sr‐sites in Sr/LOC‐HL catalyst for promoting low‐temperature oxidative coupling of methane
Authors: Xiong Jing , Zhang Peng , Xie Chengshu , Lian Qian , Wu Tongtong , Han Dawei , Yang Yitao , Zhao Zhen , Wei Yuechang
Published: October 2023

A series of Sr‐modified hedgehog‐like La2O2CO3 (Sr/LOC‐HL) catalysts were synthesized by the two‐step methods of coordination polymer induced formation and incipient wetness impregnation. Sr/LOC‐HL catalysts show the uniform nanorod morphology with width of 180 nm. The strong interaction between SrOx species and La2O2CO3 boosts the formation of active oxygen species for enhancing CH4 activation at low temperature. Sr/LOC‐HL catalysts show excellent catalytic performances for oxidative coupling of methane into C2+ hydrocarbons at low temperature (<500°C), and the selectivity is strongly dependent on the strong surface basic sites induced by the SrOLa bond. The Sr10/LOC‐HL catalyst exhibits the best catalytic performance and stability for OCM reaction at low temperature, that is, its CH4 conversion, C2+ selectivity, and yield at 450°C is 20.3%, 69.1%, and 13.2%, respectively; and its catalytic activity maintains stable during 3000 min. Insight into role of surface Sr‐sites would further improve catalytic performance at low temperature.
Sexually dimorphic traits are associated with subsistence strategy in African faces from the Sahel/Savannah belt
Authors: Kleisner Karel , Pokorný Šimon , Černý Viktor
Published: October 2023

Objectives

Previous research revealed that in some African populations, food‐production strategies are associated with facial shape. Nomadic pastoralists living in the African Sahel/Savannah belt have a different facial morphology than their sedentary neighbors. We investigated whether the lifestyle associated with a subsistence pattern has an impact on sexual dimorphism in the facial structure.

Methods

We employed several methods from geometric morphometrics and demonstrated such effect in four ethnically distinct populations that share the same geographic space.

Results

We show that the facial traits which correlate with a subsistence strategy are systematically associated with levels of facial sex‐typicality. In particular, we found that faces with more pronounced pastoralist features have on average more masculine facial traits and that this effect is more pronounced in men than in women.

Conclusions

In general, though, the magnitude of overall facial dimorphism does not differ between pastoralists and farmers. Pastoralists (in contrast to farmers) tend to have a more masculine facial morphology but facial differences between the sexes are in both groups the same.
Psychosocial factors associated with 7‐year change in cognition among middle‐aged and older Hispanics/Latinos: The Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos‐Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL‐INCA) and Sociocultural ancillary studies
Authors: Estrella Mayra L. , Tarraf Wassim , Kuwayama Sayaka , Gallo Linda C. , Wu Benson , Marquine María J. , Perreira Krista M. , Vasquez Priscilla M. , Isasi Carmen R. , Lipton Richard B. , Mattei Josiemer , González Hector M. , Daviglus Martha L. , Lamar Melissa
Published: October 2023

INTRODUCTION

Few studies have examined the associations of psychosocial factors with cognitive change in Hispanics/Latinos.

METHODS

Data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos‐Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (HCHS/SOL INCA) and Sociocultural studies were used (n = 2,155; ages ≥45 years). Psychosocial exposures included intrapersonal (ethnic identity, optimism, purpose in life), interpersonal (family cohesion, familism, social networks, social support), and social factors (ethnic discrimination, loneliness, subjective social status). Survey‐linear regression models examined associations between psychosocial exposures and 7‐year cognitive change (global cognition [GC], verbal learning, memory, word fluency [WF], and digit symbol substitution [DSS]).

RESULTS

Familism predicted decline in GC, verbal learning, and memory; family cohesion predicted DSS decline; and loneliness predicted memory decline. Ethnic identity was protective against decline in GC and memory, optimism and social support were protective against decline in memory, and purpose in life was protective against WF decline.

DISCUSSION

Psychosocial factors are differentially related to cognitive changes. Culturally relevant factors should be explored in Hispanic/Latino cognitive aging research.

Highlights

Psychosocial factors are differentially related to cognitive changes in Latinos.

Role of culturally relevant factors on cognition should be further explored.

Familism predicted decline in global cognition, verbal learning, and memory.

Ethnic identity predicted increase in global cognition and memory.
A Rapid and Dual Optical CO2‐responsive Polydimethylsiloxane Elastomer with a Fluorinated Cyanine Dye
Authors: Kani Ryunosuke , Miwa Yohei , Kubota Yasuhiro , Inuzuka Toshiyasu , Kutsumizu Shoichi , Funabiki Kazumasa
Published: October 2023

We found that our optically CO2‐responsive polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer rapidly and reversibly underwent both visible and fluorescent color changes in the presence of CO2 gas. Unlike conventional optically CO2‐responsive polymeric materials, it functions in totally dry gaseous conditions. The visible color and fluorescence of the elastomer sheet change after only 1 min of exposure to CO2, and the sheet exhibits excellent repeatability in terms of color switching that persists for at least 20 times.
Highly efficient identification of nucleocytoplasmic O‐glycosylation by the TurboID‐based proximity labeling method in living cells
Authors: Long Yunfeng , Li Zhunjie , Wang Long , Ao Xin , Zhang Zhengrong , Chen Qingjie , Zhu Dan , Liu Xinghui , Liu Ruolan , Chen Banghang , Zhu He , Su Yanting
Published: October 2023

Glycosylation is a ubiquitous posttranslational modification and plays an important role in many processes, such as protein stability, folding, processing, and trafficking. Among glycosylation types, O‐glycosylation is difficult to analyze due to the complex glycan composition, low abundance and lack of glycosidases to remove the O‐glycans. Many methods have been applied to analyze the O‐glycosylation of membrane glycoproteins and secreted glycoproteins since the synthesis of O‐glycosylation occurred in the Golgi apparatus. In recent years, some O‐glycosylation has been reported in the nucleus. In this work, we present a proximity labeling strategy based on TurboID by combining core 1 β1‐3 galactosyltransferase (C1GalT1), which has been reported in the nucleus, to characterize nucleocytoplasmic O‐glycosylation in living HeLa cells. The O‐glycosylated protein C1GalT1 was biotinylated by the proximity labeling method in living HeLa cells overexpressing C1GalT1 fused by TurboID and enriched by streptavidin‐coated beads. Following digestion with trypsin and mass spectrometry analysis, 68 high‐confidence and 298 putative O‐glycosylated sites were identified on 366 peptides mapped to 267 proteins. These results indicated that the proximity labeling method is a highly efficient technique to identify O‐glycosylation. Furthermore, the finding of abundant O‐glycosylation from nucleocytoplasmic proteins indicates a new pathway of O‐glycosylation synthesis in cells.
Indium‐based Catalysts for CO2 Hydrogenation to Methanol: Key Aspects for Catalytic Performance
Authors: Wesner Anne , Kampe Philipp , Herrmann Nick , Eller Sebastian , Ruhmlieb Charlotte , Albert Jakob
Published: October 2023

CO2 hydrogenation utilizing sustainably produced hydrogen and CO2 derived from industrial exhaust gas represents a pivotal technology for chemical energy storage and climate change mitigation. This work aims to identify the best combination of catalyst support, synthesis method and promotor for In2O3/ZrO2 catalysts in a typical fixed‐bed configuration. Intense characterization using ICP‐OES, XRD, XPS, N2‐physisorption, CO2‐TPD, H2‐TPR and SEM‐EDX provide molecular insights into the different effects caused by various synthesis methods and doping elements. Doping the most promising In2O3/ZrO2 (M‐SG) catalyst with 0.7 wt. % NiO by wetness impregnation using an ethanol/water mixture as a solvent, an increased methanol production rate of 0.497 gMeOH ⋅
 ⋅ h−1 could already be achieved at 250 °C. Hereby, the low amount of highly dispersed NiO promotes H2 activation via hydrogen spillover, leading to sustained catalytic activity for 100 hours of time‐on‐stream.
ChemInform Abstract: Oxidation of α‐Sulfonyl Selenides: Formation of Selenolesters.
Authors: Yi Jae Sang , Kim Kyongtae
Published: October 2023

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.
An automatic reduction method of 3D bone fragments based on a novel section contour point descriptor
Authors: Zhang Song , Wang Qifeng , Cao Qiming , Li Zhe , Yang Liang , Liu Bin
Published: October 2023

Comminuted fractures are orthopedic traumas with greater surgical difficulty. In clinical treatment, a great challenge is precise reduction of multiple broken bone fragments; Another great challenge is personalized and precise internal fixation after reduction. For these two issues, we designed an automated method framework for precise reduction and internal fixation of comminuted fractures. First, the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) is used to distinguish section points and noise points in a broken bone model; Second, ellipse fitting is carried out to achieve section points matching and a descriptor is proposed to describe the section features; Then, the Convolution Auto‐Encoder (CAE) and genetic algorithm are used to extract feature vectors; Finally, after broken bone models registration, internal fixed plate can be reconstructed. Three verification experiments for comminuted bone fracture show this method has high accuracy and good efficiency. It can provide support for minimally invasive treatment for comminuted fractures.
Enhancing the Catalytic Activity of Pd Nanocrystals towards Suzuki Cross‐Coupling by g‐C3N4 Photosensitization
Authors: Mondal Sanjit , Sahoo Lipipuspa , Banoo Maqsuma , Vaishnav Yuvraj , Prabhakaran Vinod Chathakudath , Gautam Ujjal K.
Published: October 2023

Developing renewable means of activating molecules over traditional catalysts for C−C bond formation is desirable for industrial applications. Herein, we report a strategy to improve the efficiency of Pd nanoparticles (NPs) for the Suzuki cross‐coupling reactions by visible‐light irradiation using g‐C3N4 nanosheets (NSs) as photosensitizer. Pd NPs mounted on g‐C3N4 become electron‐rich under visible‐light due to generation of excited electrons in g‐C3N4 and thereby accelerate the rate‐determining step. Remarkable photocatalytic activity was accomplished utilizing Pd/g‐C3N4 for the Suzuki cross‐coupling reaction in environmentally benign aqueous settings under room temperature conditions. The activity remarkably improves (~2.5 times) upon light irradiation, yielding one of the highest known turnover frequencies (TOF) of 1858 h−1 and confirming the photosensitizer role of g‐C3N4. The TOF for coupling of aryl bromides is also significantly high (~356 h−1). We establish that the low‐energy/long‐lived excitons preferencially transfer to Pd, paving a way for rational designing photocatalysts for various C−C coupling reactions.