bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Emoções e violências no retorno à presencialidade na escola: uma análise configuracional nos entornos da Educação Física
Authors: Vasques Daniel Giordani , Wittizorecki Elisandro Schultz
Published: February 2023

Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar as emoções e violências manifestadas na configuração social de retorno à presencialidade na escola. Para isso, realizou-se uma incursão etnográfica que incluiu observação participante, diários de campo e entrevistas com professores. A configuração foi construída com base em três elementos. O primeiro entende a escola como normatizadora dos modos legítimos de agir e trata da reconstrução de um habitus escolar que inclui os reaprendizados dos autocontroles. O segundo analisa as emoções e a saúde mental, tendo em vista a quantidade de choros, crises, depressões e ansiedades observadas. O terceiro versa sobre o ‘mau comportamento’ e a violência dos estudantes, e relaciona-os à necessidade de um reaprendizado das etiquetas e à ascensão de um código de conduta autoritário, violento e misógino no País. Os aprendizados atitudinais e sociais de um código de conduta humanista e democrático parecem ser um caminho para tensionar essa direção descivilizadora.
IMPACT OF COVID-19: A QUALITATIVE STUDY GOLFING ACTIVITIES FOR SPORTS TOURISM MANAGEMENT IN TERENGGANU
Authors: Johari Jassmin
Published: February 2023

The aim of the study was to explore in determining safety guideline and standard operating procedures when conducting golf game activities during the Pandemic Covid-19. The goal of this exploratory study was to gain a better understanding of the lived experiences of people who play and manage golf in a pandemic situation using a qualitative approach. Four (4) people male golfers were interviewed for this study and permission were given from the Kuala Terengganu Golf Resort Management (KTGR). The semi-structured interviews were guided by a set of core questions and were designed for the golfer who are directly involved in safety guidelines and standard operating procedures. The investigation showed that golf was a playable and manageable activity throughout the Pandemic Covid-19, and that it drew ongoing involvement, resulting in social relationships and improved well-being
A STUDY ON DEVELOPING A MONITORING SYSTEM FOR THE BIMP-EAGA REGION
Authors: Md Mansur Kasim , Yusoff Remali , Bahron Arsiah , Liew-Tsonis Janie , Pengiran Bagul Awangku Hassanal Bahar , Mail Rasid , Mulok Dullah , Datu Eranza Datu Razali , Marzuki Kamarul Mizal , Asid Rozilee , Saiman Safri , Chen Hiung Andy Lee , Samsu Siti Hajar
Published: February 2023

BIMP-EAGA, which stands for Brunei Darussalam-Indonesia-Malaysia-Philippines East ASEAN Growth Area (BIMP-EAGA), is Asiaâ€™s largest regional grouping.Â  One of the main purposes of setting up BIMP-EAGA is to address the socio-economic development of the less developed and marginalized areas of the four member countries.Â  Thus, it is important to develop a poverty monitoring system for the region and thereafter, determine the progress in poverty eradication programmes.Â  However, prior to the development of a poverty monitoring system, the definition of poverty for this region has to be identified and standardized for the four countries.Â  This exploratory study will be based on qualitative research methodology given that there has not been any prior study on poverty monitoring for the BIMP-EAGA region.Â  From a total of 11 focus areas, 7 focus areas have been selected for this study.Â  Areas selected are Brunei Darussalam, Sulawesi and Kalimantan (Indonesia), Sabah and Sarawak (Malaysia), and Mindanao and Palawan (Philippines).Â  The results for incidence of poverty for the selected areas in Malaysia (between 5.3% and 19.7% in 2009) and Indonesia (between 10.1% and 17.9% in 2007) show significant improvement since 2004.Â  The results for Philippine range between 37.6% and 40.8% in 2006.Â  All available data on Brunei Darussalam show none of its citizens are living in poverty.Â
TOURISM BUSINESS PREPAREDNESS AND RESILIENCE TO CRISIS: A STUDY OF SMALL TOURISM RESORT DESTINATIONS IN SABAH COASTAL, MALAYSIA
Authors: Fabeil Noor Fzlinda , Mohtar Tini Maizura , Pusiran Arif Kamisan
Published: February 2023

This study examines small-scale tourism businesses preparedness and resilience to crisis among resort destination in the coastal area of Sabah. Limited efforts are taken by the small coastal tourism business operators in term of level of preparedness of measures in dealing with crisis faced. Although these small coastal tourism business operators have experienced crisis events, majority of them do not have crisis management plan. Therefore, this study presents empirical findings from structured interviews with 61 owner-managers of small resorts in coastal Sabah, about the level of preparedness and resilience towards crisis including natural disaster, technology failure and social threats, as well as factors influence or hinder the adoption of crisis preparedness measures into their premises. The results revealed that micro-sized resorts are less likely well-prepared and resilient to crisis, compared to medium size, specifically due to lack of operationalisation of crisis management practices and the management of human resources for crisis management. The study also found that regular security inspection on respondents‟ commercial properties area from police department and Department of Occupational Safety and Health as the most popular factor mentioned by respondents as to support the adoption of crisis preparedness measures in their premises. Meanwhile, financial constraint was mostly mentioned as the hindrance factor for not adopting the crisis preparedness measures. This study hopes to provide meaningful insights for tourism specific initiatives that complement to existing disaster management policy as well as to small resort operators to consider a formal crisis management plan for long term business sustainability
NGHIÊN CỨU ĐẶC ĐIỂM MÔ BỆNH HỌC VÀ GIAI ĐOẠN BỆNH CỦA BỆNH NHÂN UNG THƯ BÀNG QUANG ĐƯỢC ĐIỀU TRỊ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN XANH PÔN
Authors: Nguyễn Minh An , Ngô Trung Kiên
Published: February 2023

Mục tiêu nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu đặc điểm mô bệnh học và giai đoạn bệnh của bệnh nhân ung thư bàng quang được điều trị tại Bệnh viện Xanh Pôn. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Mô tả cắt ngang. Kết quả nghiên cứu: Tuổi trung bình của bệnh nhân là 58,7 ± 8,2 tuổi; Thời gian mắc bệnh trung bình là 3,9 + 2,5 tháng; Đặc điểm mô học: Ung thư biểu mô tế bào chuyển tiếp chiếm 91,4%, ung thư biểu mô tế bào vảy 2,9%, ung thư biểu mô tế bào tuyến 5,7%; Mức độ xâm lấn: T2 chiếm 42,9%, T3 chiếm 34,3% và T4a chiếm 22,9%; Di căn hạch: N0 chiếm 77,1%, di căn hạch N1 chiếm 20,0% và N2 2,6%; Đặc điểm giai đoạn bệnh: giai đoạn II chiếm 31,4%; giai đoạn IIIA chiếm 65,7%, Giai đoạn IIIB chiếm 2,9%. Kết luận: Kết quả nghiên cứu 35 bệnh nhân ung thư bàng quang được điều trị tại bệnh viện Xanh pôn cho thấy: Ung thư biểu mô chuyển tiếp chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất 92,1%; Xâm lấn giai đoạn T3 chiếm cao nhất 34,3% và tỷ lệ di căn hạch N0 là 77,1%. Giai đoạn bệnh IIIA chiếm 65,7%.
HIỆU QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ VIÊM TỤY CẤP DO TĂNG TRIGLYCERIDEMÁU BẰNG BIỆN PHÁP THAY THẾ HUYẾT TƯƠNG VỚI DUNG DỊCH ALBUMIN 5% TẠI BỆNH VIỆN BẠCH MAI
Authors: Hà Mạnh Hùng , Nguyễn Công Tấn
Published: February 2023

Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá hiệu quả biện pháp thay thế huyết tương với dung dịch albumin 5% trên bệnh nhân viêm tụy cấp do tăng triglyceride. Nghiên cứu can thiệp so sánh trước sau, không nhóm đối chứng đánh giá sự thay đổi của các triệu chứng lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng trên 37 bệnh nhân trước và sau những lần can thiệp từ tháng 08/2021 đến tháng 07/2022. Kết quả: Chỉ số triglyceride giảm từ 113,1 ± 200,8 mmol/l khi nhập viện xuống 13,76 ± 11,64 mmol/l sau can thiệp. Các triệu chứng cơ năng như: đau bụng, buồn nôn, nôn, bí trung đại tiện, bụng chướng và các triệu chứng thực thể gồm: điểm sườn lưng, phản ứng thành bụng, cổ chướng, cảm ứng phúc mạc giảm sau điều trị. Tỷ lệ bệnh nhân có điểm APACHE II ≥ 8 điểm giảm từ 27,03% khi nhập viện xuống 17,14% sau PEX lần 2 (p<0,05) và thang điểm SOFA ≥ 2 điểm giảm từ 64,9% xuống 35,1% sau can thiệp (p<0,05). Từ kết quả này, nghiên cứu chỉ ra biện pháp thay thế huyết tương với dung dịch albumin 5% có hiệu quả điều trị trên bệnh nhân viêm tụy cấp do tăng triglyceride
ĐẶC ĐIỂM VÀ CÁC YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN CỦA CÁC BỆNH NHÂN ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG TYP 2 KIỂM SOÁT ĐƯỜNG HUYẾT KÉM TẠI KHOA NỘI TIẾT – BỆNH VIỆN BẠCH MAI
Authors: Nguyễn Thị Lan Hương , Nguyễn Quang Bảy
Published: February 2023

Tổng quan: Đái tháo đường là bệnh lý mạn tính có nhiều biến chứng nguy hiểm. Kiểm soát đường huyết kém làm xuất hiện sớm cũng như làm nặng thêm các biến chứng, đặc biệt là các biến chứng vi mạch. Mục tiêu: Mô tả đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng và một số yếu tố liên quan của các bệnh nhân đái tháo đường typ 2 kiểm soát đường huyết kém (HbA1C ≥ 8%) tại Khoa Nội tiết – Bệnh viện Bạch Mai. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 122 bệnh nhân được chẩn đoán và điều trị Đái tháo đường type 2 ít nhất 3 tháng và lần này vào điều trị tại khoa Nội tiết Bệnh viện Bạch Mai, có xét nghiệm HbA1C ≥ 8,0% từ tháng 11/2021 đến tháng 7/2022. Kết quả: Trên tổng số 122 bệnh nhân có HbA1C ≥ 8%, tỷ lệ tuổi > 65 tuổi chiếm 54.1%. Trong đó, có thừa cân, béo phì chiếm 50.4%. Tỷ lệ đồng mắc cả 2 bệnh tăng huyết áp và rối loạn lipid máu chiếm 79.6% trong nhóm HbA1C 8-10, cao hơn so với 60.3% ở nhóm HbA1C >10, sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê, (p= 0.038). Tỷ lệ hạ đường huyết cao (60%), trong đó có 15% trường hợp hạ đường huyết nặng phải điều trị cấp cứu. Các yếu tố: chỉ số khối cơ thể cao (OR: 0.080, KTC 95%: 0.013- 0.484, p= 0.006) và tuân thủ điều trị kém (OR: 0.193, KTC 95%: 0.041- 0.901, p= 0.036), có liên quan với biến chứng vi mạch có ý nghĩa thống kê. Kết luận: Đa số bệnh nhân đái tháo đường typ 2 kiểm soát kém là những người có nhiều bệnh lý đi kèm, tỷ lệ biến chứng cao và nguyên nhân sơ bộ có thể là do thừa cân béo phì và tuân thủ điều trị kém.
MỘT SỐ ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG Ở BỆNH NHÂN CHÓNG MẶT TƯ THẾ KỊCH PHÁT LÀNH TÍNH
Authors: Nguyễn Văn Quân , Võ Hồng Khôi , Bùi Thị Liên , Khúc Huyền Trang
Published: February 2023

Mục tiêu: Mô tả một số đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng ở bệnh nhân chóng mặt tư thế kịch phát lành tính (BPPV). Đối tượng nghiên cứu: 23 bệnh nhân BPPV được chẩn đoán và điều trị tại Khoa Nội Thần kinh - Bệnh viện Đa khoa Cửa Đông và Phòng Cấp cứu – Trung tâm Thần kinh Bệnh viện Bạch Mai từ tháng 2/2022 đến tháng 10/2022. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Mô tả cắt ngang. Kết quả: Tuổi trung bình của nhóm bệnh nhân nghiên cứu là 66,50±12,30 tuổi, nữ giới chiếm 78,3%, tỷ lệ bệnh nhân có những đợt tái phát trong tiền sử là 69,6%, chỉ số BMI trung bình là 22,37±1,60. Có đến 91,4% bệnh nhân BPPV là nguyên phát. Một số tiền sử và bệnh lý kèm theo thường gặp bao gồm: Rối loạn Lipid máu (60,9%), ĐTĐ týp 2 (43,5%), Tăng huyết áp (44,0%), rối loạn lo âu-trầm cảm (39,1%). Vị trí tổn thương thường gặp hơn ở bên phải (78,3%), bên trái (17,4%) và hai bên (4,3%). Đặc điểm rung giật nhãn cầu khi làm nghiệm pháp Dix-Halpike bao gồm thời gian tiềm: 3,43±1,34 giây, thời gian rung giật nhãn cầu: 9±2,71 giây. Điểm T-Score trung bình là -2,73±0,71 trong đó có đến 47,8% bệnh nhân loãng xương (T-Score: < -2,5); 43,5% bệnh nhân thưa xương (T-Score: -1 đến -2,5) và 8,7% bệnh nhân có mật độ xương bình thường (T-Score > -1). Kết luận: BPPV là một bệnh lý thường gặp đặc biệt ở nữ giới (78,3%), có 69,6% bệnh nhân đã có nhiều đợt tái phát trong tiền sử. Một số bệnh lý kèm theo thường gặp bao gồm: Tăng huyết áp, ĐTĐ, rối loạn mỡ máu, béo phì, loãng xương.
A MULTIMODAL APPROACH TO ASSESS THE RISK OF HEART FAILURE IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (PART 1). CLINICAL AND LABORATORY PREDICTORS
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, N. Tsapaeva , S. Zolotuhina ,   Belarusian State Medical University, Е. Mironova ,   Belarusian State Medical University, I. Gajdukevich ,   Belarusian State Medical University, V. Rodich ,   4th Savchenko City Clinical Hospital, Е. Burakovskaja ,   4th Savchenko City Clinical Hospital
Published: February 2023

According to the Russian epidemiological study EPOСHA-CHF (1998–2017), during a 20-year follow-up, the prevalence of chronic heart failure (CHF) increased from 6.1 to 8.2%. Arterial hypertension, coronary heart disease, atrial fibrillation, diabetes mellitus remain the main causes of CHF. At the same time, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) as a cause of heart failure increased by 3 times. The median survival time among the patients with CHF I-II functional class (FC) is 8.4 years, and 3.8 years among the patients with CHF III-IV FC, which indicates a poor prognosis of CHF of any functional class. Currently, a number of clinical, biochemical, angiographic, and imaging approaches have been proposed to stratify the risk of CHF after AMI, but only a few of them are used in routine clinical practice. Given the increasing contribution of CHF to morbidity and mortality after myocardial infarction, early multimodal risk stratification is needed to develop preventive strategies aimed at averting this complication. This report presents current ideas about the role of clinical risk factors, biochemical and genetic markers of CHF, considered as early predictors of heart failure in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
RESULTS OF ESTIMATION ARTERIAL BLOOD PRESSURE INDICES IN PATIENTS AFTER CHOLECYSTECTOMY
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, D. Herasimionak
Published: February 2023

Background. In view of the changes in the pathogenetic vector towards the study of comorbidity, searching for the ways of cardiovascular risk reduction is still relevant nowadays in specific subgroups of patients with moderate, unusual or undetectable risk levels (for example, in patients with accompanying acute surgical diseases of the abdominal cavity) Aim. Evaluation of arterial blood pressure indices in patients with acute calculous cholecystitis. Material and methods. The main group consisted of patients with acute calculous cholecystitis who underwent urgent cholecystectomy and were administered cardioprotective therapy (acetylsalicylic acid and atorvastatin). The first comparison group was formed from patients who underwent urgent cholecystectomy, but did not received cardioprotective therapy. The second comparison group was formed from patients who received cardioprotective therapy, but did not undergo cholecystectomy. Results and discussion. As a result of the study, the prevalence of patients with arterial hypertension (HTN) in the cohort was revealed. 72% of in-patients had elevated blood pressure (BP) on admission to the surgical department. Despite the positive results on the HTN control at the inpatient stage, the second follow-up revealed hypertensive BP profiles in most patients in the late postoperative period. The analysis of hospitalizations for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in the late postoperative period also revealed the predominance of hypertensive blood pressure profiles in patients in all study groups. Conclusion. Development of ACS emerged in circumstances of poor HTN control.
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF CHRONIC HEART FAILURE AND CHRONIC RESPIRATORY FAILURE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
Authors:   Main Military Clinical Medical Center of the Ministry of Defense of the Republic of Belarus, D. Lapitski
Published: February 2023

Chronic respiratory failure (CRF) has traditionally been considered to be the main cause of death in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, modern epidemiological studies have shown that the leading causes of death in patients with COPD are CHD and CHF. Aim: to study the prevalence of CRF and CHF in patients with COPD, to determine the informative value of clinical symptoms in their diagnosis, to work out an algorithm of differential diagnosis of CRF and chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods: subjects – 100 men with COPD. The median age was 67 years. We performed clinical and laboratory examinations. COPD syndrome was diagnosed upon EchoCG and NT-proBNP results. CRF syndrome was diagnosed by the results of exercise testing with simultaneous measurement of arterial blood hemoglobin oxygen saturation. Results: CHF was established in 45.0% of patients, and right ventricular failure was diagnosed in 42.0% of cases. Patients with CHF and decreased left ventricular EF, whose prognosis could be improved by evidence-based treatment developed at the present stage, comprised only 12.0%. We revealed the correlation of CHF syndrome with CRF and with disorders of arterial blood hemoglobin oxygen saturation: CHF NYHA III is associated with CRF IIIB and any disorders of arterial blood hemoglobin oxygen saturation, while CHF NYHA II and NYHA I are respectively associated with CRF IIIA and CRF IIB as well as with a decrease in arterial blood hemoglobin oxygen saturation both on exertion and at rest. The informative value of clinical symptomatology was assessed in COPD patients for the diagnosis of CHF and CRF syndromes: the probability of CHF diagnosis based on clinical symptoms is 79.0% and for CRF – 88.0%. A symptom score scale and an algorithm for the diagnosis of CHF and CRF were developed.
STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL STATE OF PROTEINS IN ERYTHROCYTE MEMBRANES OF PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Authors:   Belarusian State Medical University, E.N. Naida ,   5th Minsk City Hospital, D.S. Gerasimenok ,   Belarusian State Medical University, E.I. Slobozhanina ,   Institute of Biophysics and Cell Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, N. Mitkovskaya ,   Belarusian State Medical University,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center Cardiology
Published: February 2023

Objective. To study the structural and functional state of proteins in erythrocyte membranes of AH patients with asymptomatic brain lesions (ABL) and AH patients without brain lesions who suffered from cerebrovascular accident (CVA). Methods. The study included 47 patients diagnosed with AH. The study groups were formed based on the detected neuroimaging changes in the brain and analysis of the structural and functional state of proteins in the membranes of erythrocytes in patients with AH. The following groups were identified: 1-рatients with AH without BL 2-patients with AH and ABL 3-patients with previous cerebrovascular accident Results. A comparative analysis of abnormalities of structural and functional state of proteins in erythrocyte membranes in patients with AH without brain lesions, in patients with AH with asymptomatic brain lesions visualized by MRI, and patients who suffered from cerebrovascular accident showed the following: 1. In patients with AH with asymptomatic brain lesions, and in those suffered from cerebrovascular accident, the value of the maximum reaction rate (Vmax) of AChE in erythrocyte membranes was significantly reduced in comparison with the values of this parameter in patients with AH without brain lesions (Figure 1). 2. The value of Michaelis constant (MC) for AChE in isolated erythrocyte membranes of patients with AH without brain lesions and with asymptomatic brain lesions is increased compared with the group of patients with a history of cerebrovascular accident (Figure 2). Conclusion. In patients with hypertension, the structural and functional state of proteins in erythrocyte membranes is disturbed, depending on the severity of the damage to the brain.
THE ROLE OF INFLAMMATION IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS
Authors:   Republican Clinical Medical Center of the Administration of the President of the Republic of Belarus, M. Kazakova ,   Belarusian State Medical University, K. Vysotskaya ,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Cardiology, N. Mitkovskaya ,   Belarusian State Medical University,   Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Cardiology
Published: February 2023

Despite advances in the field of diagnosis and treatment of patients with coronary heart disease, the incidence of cardiovascular complications remains quite high. The main factor in the development of ischemic diseases of the cardiovascular system is atherosclerosis. Over the past three years, research findings have been obtained indicating that atherosclerosis is an inflammatory disease. It is widely accepted that both innate and adaptive immune responses are important for initiation and progression of atherosclerosis, which mainly consist of monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, T lymphocytes, and B lymphocytes. Moreover, inflammatory biomarkers such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 are known to predict future cardiovascular events, as well as conventional low-density or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Thus, current understanding of the inflammatory mechanisms of atherosclerosis have led us to explore novel therapeutic approaches that reducing vascular inflammation itself could lower the rates of critical cardiovascular events. In this review, we will first outline the mechanisms of atherosclerosis, especially focusing on their inflammatory aspects. Then we will introduce several critical inflammatory biomarkers that contribute to risk stratification of clinical cardiovascular events.
The dispersal of fluvially discharged and marine, shelf-produced particulate organic matter in the northern Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Yedema Yord W. , Sangiorgi Francesca , Sluijs Appy , Sinninghe Damsté Jaap S. , Peterse Francien
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Rivers play a key role in the global carbon cycle by transporting terrestrial organic matter (TerrOM) from land to the ocean. Upon burial in marine sediments, this TerrOM may be a significant long-term carbon sink, depending on its composition and properties. However, much remains unknown about the dispersal of different types of TerrOM in the marine realm upon fluvial discharge since the commonly used bulk organic matter (OM) parameters do not reach the required level of source- and process-specific information. Here, we analyzed bulk OM properties, lipid biomarkers (long-chain
n-alkanes, sterols, long-chain diols, alkenones, branched and isoprenoid glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs and isoGDGTs)),
pollen, and dinoflagellate cysts in marine surface sediments along two transects offshore the Mississippi–Atchafalaya River (MAR) system, as well as one along the 20 m isobath in the direction of the river plume. We use these biomarkers and palynological proxies to identify the dispersal patterns of soil–microbial organic matter (SMOM), fluvial, higher plant, and marine-produced OM in the coastal sediments of the northern Gulf of Mexico (GoM). The Branched and Isoprenoid Tetraether (BIT) index and the relative abundance of C32 1,15-diols indicative for freshwater production show high contributions of SMOM and fluvial OM near the Mississippi River (MR) mouth (BIT = 0.6, FC321,15 > 50 %), which rapidly
decrease further away from the river mouth (BIT < 0.1, FC321,15 < 20 %). In contrast, concentrations of long-chain n-alkanes and pollen grains do not show this stark decrease along the path of transport, and especially
n-alkanes are also found in sediments in deeper waters. Proxy indicators show that marine productivity is highest close to shore and reveal that marine producers (diatoms, dinoflagellates, coccolithophores) have different spatial distributions, indicating their
preferred niches. Close to the coast, where food supply is high and waters are turbid, cysts of heterotrophic dinoflagellates dominate the
assemblages. The dominance of heterotrophic taxa in shelf waters in combination with the rapid decrease in the relative contribution of TerrOM towards the deeper ocean suggest that TerrOM input may trigger a priming effect that results in its rapid decomposition upon discharge. In the open ocean far away from the river plume, autotrophic dinoflagellates dominate the assemblages, indicating more oligotrophic conditions. Our combined lipid biomarker and palynology approach reveals that different types of TerrOM have distinct dispersal patterns, suggesting that the initial composition of this particulate OM influences the burial efficiency of TerrOM on the continental margin.
The development and validation of an Inhomogeneous Wind Scheme for Urban Street
Authors: Chen Yuanhao , Liu Zhenxin , Wang Yuhang , Liu Cheng , Liu Shuhua , Liao Hong
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The layout of urban buildings shows significant heterogeneity, which leads to the significant spatial inhomogeneity of the wind field in and over the canopy of urban street canyons. However, most of the current urban canopy models do not fully consider the heterogeneity of the urban canopy. Large discrepancies thus exist between the wind speeds simulated by the current urban canopy models and those observed in the street canyon. In this study, a parameterization scheme for wind field, Inhomogeneous Wind Scheme for Urban Street (IWSUS), is developed to better characterize the heterogeneity of the urban canopy. We use a Computational Fuild Dynamics method to generate the IWSUS scheme and compare with observations of wind profile and turbulent flux in and over the street canyon for validation. In IWSUS, the wind speed vertical profiles at six representative positions located in a typical street canyon (i.e., the windward or leeward side of a long straight street, or the inflow or outflow end) are parameterized separately. The wind profile by IWSUS thus can better describe the horizontal heterogeneity of the urban near-surface wind field, e.g., the dynamic drag effect of building in the lower atmosphere layer over the urbanized land use. The validation based on observations shows that the performance of simulation results by IWSUS is better than that by logarithmic-exponential (exp-log) law widely used in the current urban schemes. As we consider typical building arrangement and specific street orientations in IWSUS for wind field simulations, which can better match the distribution characteristics of street canyons around the observation point in the street canyon. The averaged wind profiles and turbulence energy fluxes in the model grids of urban area by IWSUS are also more approach to the observation than those by exp-log law. The normalized mean errors (NME) between the simulated and the observed vertical average wind speed are 49.0 % for IWSUS and 56.1 % for exp-log law in the range from the ground to four times the average height of the building, and 70 % for IWSUS and 285.8 % for exp-log law in the street canyon (range from the ground to building top). This study proves that the accuracy of land surface process and near-grounded meteorological process simulations over urban canopy can be improved by fully considering the heterogeneity of the urban canopy layout structures and the inhomogeneous of wind field distributions in and over the street canyon. The IWSUS is expected to be coupled with mesoscale atmospheric models to improve the accuracy of the wind field, land surface energy budget, meteorological, and atmospheric chemistry simulations.
A diffusion-based kernel density estimator (diffKDE, version 1) with optimal bandwidth approximation for the analysis of data in geoscience and ecological research
Authors: Pelz Maria-Theresia , Schartau Markus , Somes Christopher J. , Lampe Vanessa , Slawig Thomas
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Probability density functions (PDFs) comprise basic information about the variability of observed or simulated variables within a system of interest. In geoscience data distributions are often expressed by a parametric estimation of their PDF, such as e.g. a Gaussian distribution. At present there is a growing attention towards the analysis of non-parametric estimation of PDFs, where no prior assumptions about the type of PDF are required. A common tool for such non-parametric estimation is a kernel density estimator (KDE). Existing KDEs are valuable but incomplete, because of the difficulty of specifying optimal bandwidths for the individual kernels. A diffusion-based KDE provides a useful approach to mitigate the difficulty in identifying bandwidths that resolve desired details of multi-modal data while being insensitive to noise. Therefore we designed and developed a new implementation of a diffusion-based KDE as an open source Python tool. We tested our implementation on artificial and real marine biogeochemical data individually and against other popular KDEs. Our estimator is able to detect relevant multiple modes and resolve boundary close data while suppressing details induced by noise and individual outliers. The convergence rate is comparable to the Gaussian estimator, but with a generally smaller error, most notably for small data sets with up to around 5000 data points. We exemplify and discuss the general applicability of such KDEs for data-model comparison in geoscience, in particular for sparse data. We also provide an example for how our approach can be efficiently utilized for the derivation of plankton size spectra in ecological research.
Comment on “Ice content and interannual water storage changes of an active rock glacier in the dry Andes of Argentina” by Halla et al. (2021)
Authors: Whalley W. Brian
Published: February 2023

Abstract. Recently published work on water preservation in Chile assumes that
“permafrost”
(cryogenic) rock glaciers are dominant. Melt pond development shows that
rock glaciers are glacier-derived (“glacigenic”) rather than of permafrost
origin.
The effects of surface roughness on the calculated, spectral, conical–conical reflectance factor as an alternative to the bidirectional reflectance distribution function of bare sea ice
Authors: Lamare Maxim L. , Hedley John D. , King Martin D.
Published: February 2023

Abstract. The conical–conical reflectance factor (CCRF) has been calculated as an alternative to the bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) for three types of bare sea ice with varying surface roughness (σ= 0.1–10) and ice thicknesses (50–2000 cm) over an incident solar irradiance wavelength range of 300–1400 nm. The comprehensive study of the CCRF of sea ice presented here is paramount for interpreting sea ice measurements from satellite imagery and inter-calibrating space-borne sensors that derive albedo from multiple multi-angular measurements. The calculations performed by a radiative-transfer code (PlanarRad) show that the CCRF of sea ice is sensitive to realistic values of surface roughness. The results presented here show that surface roughness cannot be considered independently of sea ice thickness, solar zenith angle and wavelength. A typical CCRF of sea ice has a quasi-isotropic reflectance over the hemisphere, associated with a strong forward-scattering peak of photons. Surface roughness is crucial for the location, size and intensity of the forward-scattering peak. As the surface roughness increases, a spreading of the CCRF peak is observed. The hemisphere was split in to 216 quadrangular regions or quads. The peak remains specular for the smaller surface roughnesses (σ=0.001 to σ=0.01), whereas for larger surface roughness features (above σ=0.05), the peak spreads out over multiple quads with a lower intensity than for smaller roughness features, and the highest value is displaced further out on the solar principal plane. Different types of sea ice have a similar pattern with wavelength: the CCRF increases by 30 % from first-year sea ice to multi-year sea ice at 400 nm and up to 631 % at 1100 nm, 32 % from melting sea ice to multi-year sea ice at 400 nm and a maximum of 98 % at 900 nm, and 11 % from melting sea ice to first-year sea ice at 400 nm and up to 86 % at 800 nm.
The CCRF calculations presented in this study form the first set of complete CCRF values as an approximation of the BRDF for bare sea ice with a wide range of configurations.
Variations of ice thickness in a reservoir along Irtysh River: field measurement and regression analysis
Authors: Han Chuntan , Kang Chao , Zhao Chengxian , Luo Jianhua , Chen Rensheng
Published: February 2023

Abstract. This paper presents the analysis results of temperatures collected at three monitoring stations which were used to study ice freezing and thawing processes on a reservoir along Irtysh River. The measured temperatures were comprehensively analyzed and correlated with air temperature measured at a meteorological station. The results showed that air temperature was closely related to temperature at the ice surface, e.g., T40, T20 and T0, and temperatures in ice almost increased linearly with depth. In addition, ice thicknesses were calculated based on measured temperatures along arrays of temperature and compared with that calculated using a simplified Stefan’s model. The results indicated that ice thickness varied spatially and temporally, and Stefan’s model overestimated the ice thicknesses with a maximum discrepancy of 12 cm. Moreover, the calculated ice thickness was correlated with temperatures, variations of temperature and accumulated freezing degree days (AFDD) based on Pearson correlation analysis, showing that ice thickness was proportional to AFDD with a coefficient of 0.89, and negatively correlated with T0, T−3, and Tice(c) with coefficients of −0.69, −0.73 and −0.62, respectively. Therefore, linear and non-linear models were proposed, which were validated using datasets from three stations in Russia and Finland, demonstrating that the linear model incorporating AFDD and T0 can capture local ice freezing and thawing processes with a relatively minor discrepancy, and the results were consistent at different stations. The paper provides an approach to comprehensively study the ice formation process and a practical model to calculate local ice thickness.
طيف المحبوبة في الشعر الأندلسي
Authors: ياسر رشيد حمد
Published: February 2023

تسعى هذه الدراسة الى الكشف عن مواطن الابداع في طيف المرأة الحبيبة في الشعر الاندلسي وبيان مدى اهتمام الشعراء بهذا الجانب فقد كانت وسيلةً للتعبير عن مشاعرهم والبوحِ بأحاسيسهم، اتجاه من يحبون، فكان ذلك نتاجاً للولع بالحبيب.لقد جاءت الدراسة بمقدمة ومحورين:1. المحور النظري: تضمن الحديث عن الطيف في اللغة والاصطلاح ومفهومه الأدبي عند عدد من النقاد القدامى والمحدثين، ثم بيان مدى اهميته في نفوس الشعراء.2. المحور التطبيقي: تضمن الدراسة العلمية للطيف ومفهومه في الشعر الاندلسي، وبيان أهميته ومدى انعكاسه عند الشعراء.بيَّنت الدراسة ان الطيف لم يكن موضوعاً اندلسياً خالصاً انما كان امتداداً لنتاج ادبي طويل وصلت اليه العقلية الادبية العربية، اذ كان يلجأ الشاعر العربي وما زال الى التخييل والشعور بالمرأة والحبيبة للتخفيف والترويح عن نفسه، وفي لقاء الطيف وسيلة وجدانية تعوض غياب الأحبة وفراقهم، فلم يكن لجوء الشاعر الى هذا النمط راغباً وإنما تعويضاً عن عدم القدرة في الوصول واللقاء.
تأثير الشائعات في مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي على التطعيم ضد فايروس كورونا - دراسة ميدانية على النخبة الأكاديمية في جامعة تكريت
Authors: مريم مهند نسيم  , جمال عسكر مضحي
Published: February 2023

يتناول هذا البحث الشائعات التي انتشرت على مواقع التواصل الاجتماعي وأثرت على التطعيم ضد فايروس كورونا وتناقلتها المواقع وما هو تأثير الشائعات على النخبة الاكاديمية وتمحورت مشكلة البحث حول تساؤل رئيسي مفاده: ما دور شبكات التواصل الاجتماعي في نشر الشائعات وتأثيرها في التردد بالتطعيم ضد فايروس كورونا؟ولتحقيق اهداف البحث والاجابة عن تساؤلاته، تم استخدام المنهج الوصفي المسحي والاستعانة بأداة الاستبانة.التي تم توزيعها على عينة من النخبة الاكاديمية في جامعة تكريت للمدة 1/11/2021 - 1/12/2021 إذ تم أخذ عينة من الكليات الانسانية متمثلة بكلية الآداب وكلية من الكليات العلمية متمثلة بكلية الزراعة.وتوصلت الدراسة الى عدد من النتائج، اهمها:1. جاء موقع الفيس بوك بالمرتبة الاولى في المواقع التي تروج للشائعات وهذا يدل على أن الفيس بوك يستخدمه أغلب المبحوثين وله أهمية كبيرة لديهم وبذلك فهم يتابعونه ويتعرضون له وللمعلومات والقضايا التي ينشرها الموقع.2. عدم وجود ورقابة على مواقع التواصل هو سبب رئيسي لانتشار الشائعات وترويجها.3. حازت التأثيرات السلوكية على المرتبة الاولى بفئة الوعي الشخصي والمعلومات الرصينة شجعني لأخذ اللقاح.4. اهم ما يجب ان تلجأ له الجهات المعنية لمعالجة الشائعات والحد من انتشارها من خلال الشرح والتفسير والمحاضرات المستمرة من قبل المختصين.5. أن الوضوح في طرح الارقام والاحصائيات وبشكل دقيق يؤدي الى التخفيف من تأثير الشائعات.
التخطيط للبرامج الحوارية في القنوات العراقية
Authors: عمر حميد عبود  , عبد الرحمن محمود محمد
Published: February 2023

يُعد إعداد البرامج وتنفيذها من الوظائف المهمة لشبكات التلفزيون المحلية وشبكات التلفزيون والعالمية بشكل عام، إذ تُعد العمود الفقري لأي برنامج تلفزيوني، وتترجم هذه العناصر ما هو مكتوب على الورق إلى واقع مرئي، وسنتناول في هذا البحث التخطيط والاعداد للبرامج الحوارية والمراحل التي يمر بها البرنامج حتى يصل الى الجمهور.وهناك أنواع معينة من البرامج الحوارية التي تعتمد كليا على الضيف الذي يقدمه المعد أو كاتب الحوار، ولكن هناك أنواع أخرى يختار فيها المُعد الموضوع للمشاركين، ويتواصل معهم محاولا اقناعهم بالمشاركة، ويتفق معهم في جميع الخطوات وجدولة الأسئلة وصياغتها لكي يستخدمها المتحدثون في المحادثات مع ضيوف البرامج، وتلخيص عدد من النقاط المهمة التي توضح عملية المتحدث، لذا قبل البدء في الكتابة، يفكر الكاتب أولاً في كيفية ظهور ما يكتبه على الشاشة، ويجب أن يكون لدى مقدم البرنامج فهم جيد لعناصر كتابة الرسائل التلفزيونية وكيفية توظيفها واستخدامها، لأن هذه العناصر هي الكلمات التي تصوغ لغتها التليفزيونية، والتي يعبر من خلالها عن أفكاره ورسائله ومشاعره وكل ما يريد أن ينقله للجمهور.إن الصورة ومكوناتها وزاوية عرضها وشكلها وحجمها والإضاءة والملابس والمكياج وحركات وإيماءات الشخصيات كلها عناصر يجب على الكاتب تحديدها في النص الذي يكتبه في شكل جدول، ومنها الأسئلة الشائعة، واستخدام العناصر والمكونات الصوتية والتعبير عنها في النص، كل هذه العناصر المرئية والصوتية توضح الأساسيات الفنية لفرق الإنتاج والتلفزيون مثل الكاميرات وغرف التحكم وأجهزة التحكم وموقع الإنتاج والقيود التي تفرضها وكيف يتم إنتاجها وما إذا كان يتم إنتاجها أو تسجيلها أو عرضها بشكل مباشر، كل هذه المكونات تشكل فن إعداد البرنامج.
دراسة تقييمية لتجربة التعليم الالكتروني في ظل جائحة كورونا - كلية الآداب، جامعة تكريت أنموذجا
Authors: سهامه غفوري علي
Published: February 2023

لقد أثرت جائحة Covid-19 بشكل كبير في تجربة التدريس والتعلم في الجامعات والمدارس العراقية ومنها جامعة تكريت. ومن أجل استمرار حصول الطلاب على أفضل مستوى ممكن من نتائج التعليم والتعلم. فالبحث الحالي يهدف الى اجراء تقييم فعال لتجربة التعليم في جامعة تكريت / كلية الآداب – قسم اللغة العربية بهدف معرفة أهم المعوقات والمشاكل التي تواجه الأساتذة والطلبة على حد سواء فضلا عن أهم الجوانب الايجابية للتعليم الالكتروني المعتمد على استخدام منصة Google Classroom، تم استخدام منهج دراسة الحالة إذ أظهرت النتائج أن استخدام تطبيق Google Classroom سيكون له تأثير في تحسين جودة أداء الأساتذة في العراق لمواكبة التطورات التكنولوجية والعلمية ويجب على مؤسسات التعليم العالي إعادة النظر في جهودها ونهجها لتحسين جودة التعلم الإلكتروني ونتائج التعلم التي تم تحقيقها. على سبيل المثال، البنية التحتية لتكنولوجيا المعلومات والوصول إلى الإنترنت.
Diálogos rioplatenses. Buenos Aires, Montevideo y la creación de una academia moderna a comienzos del siglo XX
Authors: Murace Giulia
Published: February 2023

En los procesos de modernización de los sistemas del arte argentino y uruguayo que se dieron en el cambio de siglo se pueden reconocer algunas dinámicas comunes y peculiares respecto del resto de América Latina. Es fructuoso, por lo tanto, estudiar el surgimiento de las instituciones estatales destinadas a la educación artística en Buenos Aires y Montevideo en una óptica regional, que incluye en los términos de análisis el diálogo cultural que permeó las fronteras políticas. A esta, es útil unir una perspectiva transnacional, que reflexiona sobre aspectos ligados a la circulación y a los contactos entre ideas, modelos y personas. Este enfoque habilita a reconocer la comunidad artística rioplatense de principio del siglo XX como interconectada. En el artículo se pone énfasis en la educación artística como esfera privilegiada para sostener esta hipótesis, apuntando a subrayar una singularidad que diferenció los dos países en el contexto latinoamericano. Específicamente, se ahonda en los procesos de creación y consolidación de dos instituciones, la Academia Nacional de Bellas Artes en Buenos Aires y el Círculo Fomento de Bellas Artes en Montevideo, resaltando analogías y diferencias de sus propuestas educativas para poner manifiestas las posibilidades de promover proyectos modernos desde las periferias.
The Effectiveness of Development Digital Picture Story Books to Improve Science Learning Outcomes on 5th Grade Elementary School Students
Authors: Nurseptyani Riski , Saptono Sigit
Published: February 2023

Elementary school students need direct experience and learning objects that can drive the pace of their cognitive development. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of the development of digital picture storybooks integrated with videos and worksheets on the learning outcomes of elementary school students. The development model used in this research is ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluate). This study involved fifth-grade students at SDN 3 Krack as research subjects. Based on the results of the material valiator and media validation test, scores of 84.44% and 80% were obtained in the appropriate category. The product was tested on a small scale and obtained an average pre-test science learning result of 50.66 and a post-test of 72.33 with an n-gain of 0.43 in the medium category, and the results of the t-test obtained count 20.05 ≥ t-table 2.306. In the large-scale trial, the average pre-test in science learning outcomes was 60.5 and 76.33 in the post-test with an n-gain of 0.40 in the medium category, and the t-test obtained tcount 31.25 ≥ ttable 2.069. The researcher concluded that the developed digital picture storybooks were effective in improving the science learning outcomes of elementary school students.

Keywords: digital picture story books, science learning outcomes
A Step toward Sustainable Health: The Influence of Health Indicators, Paramedical Workers, and Health Expenditure on Economic Growth in Emerging Economies
Authors: Rehman Saeed Ur , Zia Ur Rahman  , Maryam Ibrahim
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Worldwide, nations spend much of their budget on health to develop human capital, labor productivity, and growth. In developed countries, life expectancy, natural birth, and numbers of health care centers are high, and the availability of doctors and the paramedical staff-to-patient ratio are also very high. Therefore, emerging economies are also trying to allocate more finance to their health sector. To achieve the objective, data were collected (1961 to 2019) and analyzed with the assistance of modern econometric techniques. The study finds that health indicators, paramedical staff, and public health expenditures are significantly playing their role in influencing economic growth. It is seen that a one percent increase in health expenditures, number of hospitals, health indicators, and paramedical persons, growth rate influenced by 0.006, 0.0053, 1.0521, and 0.0003%, respectively. Moreover, the diagnostic test shows that the model's parameters are credible, stable, and reliable in the current form. Furthermore, if the health expenses are employed in the health care facilities and the establishment of new health centers, it will positively contribute to the growth process. The study also suggests that hospital management should be in the hands of management personnel, not doctors because a doctor may be good at diagnosing but in management control, they have no capacity.
PREVENTION OF DENTAL CARIES IN CARIES-ACTIVE INDIVIDUALS BY GASEOUS OZONE
Authors:   Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria., Kirilova Janet , Kirov Dimitar ,   Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Published: February 2023

Introduction: The action of ozone is associated with the prevention of dental plaque formation, and the reduction of bacterial development supports the prevention of dental caries. This paper aims to establish the effect of gaseous ozone on developing new caries lesions two years after its application for caries-active patients. Material and Methods: Patients aged 30 to 50 were selected with no common diseases. They all have five or more caries on the teeth, without missing teeth. Patients were divided into two groups of 10 participants. One group had ozonation of all teeth, and another is a control group without ozonation. Results: After two years, the number of caries lesions in the group without prophylactic ozonation is more significant. The results showed that the patients in the ozonation group had significantly fewer primary caries than those in the control group( p≤0.0001). Conclusions: Repeated ozonation of all teeth according to the applied methodology (10 times, distributed twice a week by 24 seconds exposure to ozone in a gaseous state) has a caries-protective effect against new caries lesions.
DOES CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE AFFECT THE CLINICAL COURSE OF HEART FAILURE?
Authors:   Department of Cardiology, Sector Internal Medicine, UMHAT ", Gospodinov Konstantin D. ,   Dr Georgi Stranski",   , Medical Faculty, Medical University Pleven, Bulgaria., Todorova Yoana M, ,   Department of Cardiology, Sector Internal Medicine, UMHAT "Dr Georgi Stranski", Medical Faculty, Medical University Pleven, Bulgaria., Stancheva Nadia ,   Department of Cardiology, Sector Internal Medicine, UMHAT "Dr Georgi Stranski", Medical Faculty, Medical University Pleven, Bulgaria., Glogovska Pavlina ,   Department of Pulmonology, Sector Internal Medicine, UMHAT "Dr Georgi Stranski", Medical Faculty, Medical University Pleven, Bulgaria., Tisheva Snezhanka T. ,   Department of Cardiology, Sector Internal Medicine, UMHAT "Dr Georgi Stranski", Medical Faculty, Medical University Pleven, Bulgaria.
Published: February 2023

Heart failure (HF) is the final syndrome in the evolution of many heart diseases. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) syndrome is an important part of the clinical evolution of many parenchymal and vascular lung diseases. It is known that the downward curve of HF evolution and survival is being broken by many cardiac and non-cardiac comorbidities. Very often, there are patients who suffer from both heart and lung disease. The aim of our study was to find out whether COPD has an impact on morbidity, mortality rate and life quality of patients with diagnosed heart failure. The study comprised 256 patients admitted into our cardiology clinic in the period February 2014 –23rd of December, 2015. The patients were included depending on whether they comply or don't with certain criteria. They are divided into groups: HF with COPD and HF without COPD, as well as into functional classes (FC). Quite often, COPD coexists with HF, and they do share several risk factors. Patients with HF belonging to 2nd and 3rd FC and patients with COPD have relatively lower survival level and higher mortality level than patients only with HF in the same FC. Greater collaboration between cardiologists and pulmonologists is necessary in order to identify and manage HF and COPD at the same time.
Application of competitive attractiveness, sustainability and balance's assessments of the regions for monitoring and strategic planning
Authors:   Institute of Regional Economics Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Grinchel Boris M. , Nazarova Evgeniya A. ,   Institute of Regional Economics Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2023

The paper considers the characteristics of the quality of competitive development of regions in the context of internal and external challenges and risks. Indicators for assessing the level of sustainability and interfactor balance of regional development are proposed. Analysis of the calculation results by the Russian regions by statistics of 2019-2020 and causal comparisons of the level of regional development by social-economic factors allows to positively verify the proposed methods and conclusions that were made.