bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
PENERAPAN ASAS ITIKAD BAIK TERHADAP KONTRAK BAGI HASIL DENGAN SISTEM COST RECOVERY DAN GROSS SPLIT
Authors: Sundari Ayu , Muryanto Yudho Taruno
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article aims to find out the urgency of implementing good faith principles in Product Sharing Contracts with Cost Recovery systems and Gross Split. This study is based on the results of the study of descriptive normative law. The type of data used is in the form of secondary data obtained by data collection techniques in the form of library studies, which are then analyzed by implementing systematic legal interpretation. Systematic means, classifies the written legal materials, to facilitate analysis and construction work. The results of this study show the urgency of implementing the good faith principle for Production Sharing Contracts, both with the Cost Recovery system and the Gross Split system, to create fair value which is a reflection of the principle of good faith in dividing the percentage of the contract value. the principle in the Production Sharing Contract both with the Cost Recovery and Gross Split systems can provide a large income for both parties and no party is disadvantaged in the Production Sharing Contract.
Keywords: Production Sharing Contracts; Cost Recovery; Gross Split; Principle of Good Faith.

Abstrak
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui urgensi penerapan asas itikad baik dalam Kontrak Bagi Hasil (Product Sharing Contract) dengan sistem Cost Recovery dan Gross Split. Kajian ini didasarkan atas hasil kajian hukum normatif yang bersifat deskriptif. Jenis data yang digunakan berupa data sekunder yang diperoleh dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa studi kepustakaan, yang selanjutnya dianalisis dengan melaksanakan penafsiran hukum secara sistematis. Sistematis berarti, membuat klasifikasi tehadap bahan-bahan hukum tertulis tersebut, untuk memudahkan kerja analisa dan konstruksi. Hasil dari kajian ini menunjukan urgensi dari penerapan asas itikad baik terhadap Kontrak Bagi Hasil, baik dengan sistem Cost Recovery, maupun dengan sistem Gross Split yaitu untuk menciptakan nilai keadilan yang merupakan cerminan dari asas itikad baik dalam pembagian persentase dari nilai kontrak tersebut, sehingga dengan diterapkannya asas tersebut dalam Kontrak Bagi Hasil baik dengan sistem Cost Recovery maupun Gross Split dapat memberikan pemasukan yang besar bagi kedua belah pihak dan tidak ada pihak yang dirugikan dalam Kontrak Bagi Hasil.
Kata Kunci: Kontrak Bagi Hasil; Cost Recovery; Gross Split; Asas Itikad Baik.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PEMEGANG HAK ATAS MEREK ASING DI INDONESIA (Studi Putusan Mahkamah Agung Nomor 264/K/PDT.SUS-HKI/2015)
Authors: Maharani Raden Ajeng Cendikia Aurelie , Hadi Hernawan
Published: February 2021

Abstract
This article aims to legal protection for foreign brands (famous) against the removal of a foreign brand (famous) listed as well as knowing clearly study the sentence “usage” in section 74 subsection (1) of Law Number 20 year 2016 about brands and geographical indications. Legal research this is a normative penilitian or dokterial, and prescriptive in nature. The source of the legal materials that are used in the form of primary and secondary legal materials. The method of collecting the material used is the legal syllogism by using deductive thinking patterns. Based on the results of research and discussion of results that PT Inter IKEA Systems B.V. as famous foreign brands can use brand protection “right Priorities” that bersumberkan to the principles of the Paris Convention effect has been incorporated in the the Treaty of TRIPs, namely with the principle of national treatment. Last usage in section 74 subsection (1) o of Law Number 20 year 2016 about brands and geographical indications stated that the use of the brand in the production of goods or services traded. When the last usage is calculated from the last date of usage even after that the goods concerned are still circulating in the community.
Keywords: Legal Protection; Right; Famous Foreign Brands

Abstrak
Artikel ini bertujuan untuk perlindungan hukum bagi merek asing (terkenal) terhadap penghapusan merek asing (terkenal) terdaftar serta mengetahui secara jelas kajian kalimat “pemakaian terakhir” dalam Pasal 74 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2016 tentang Merek dan Indikasi Geografis. Penelitian hukum ini merupakan penilitian normatif atau dokterial, dan bersifat preskriptif. Sumber bahan hukum yang digunakan berupa bahan hukum primer dan sekunder. Tehnik pengumpulan bahan hukum yang digunakan adalah silogisme dengan menggunakan pola berfikir deduktif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan pembahasan ini dihasilkan PT Inter IKEA System BV sebagai merek asing terkenal dapat menggunakan perlindungan merek “Hak Prioritas” yang bersumberkan kepada Konvensi Paris yang asas-asasnya telah digabungkan di dalam perjanjian TRIPs yaitu dengan principle of national treatment. Pemakaian Terakhir dalam Pasal 74 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2016 tentang Merek dan Indikasi Geografis menyatakan bahwa Penggunaan merek tersebut pada produksi barang atau jasa yang diperdagangkan. Saat pemakaian terakhir tersebut dihitung dari tanggal terakhir pemakaian sekalipun setelah itu barang yang bersangkutan masih beredar di masyarakat.
Kata Kunci: Perlindungan Hukum; Hak; Merek Asing Terkenal
KEDUDUKAN DAN KEKUATAN HUKUM MeMoranduM of understanding (Mou) SEBAGAI TAHAP PRAKONTRAK (KAJIAN DARI SISI HUKUM PERIKATAN)
Authors: Setiyaningsih Devi , Budhisulistyawati Ambar
Published: February 2021

abstract
This article aimed to find out the MoU regulation according to Indonesian Law and the binding power of  MoU according to the law contract. This research employed juridical normative approach, emphasizing on literature to obtain secondary data from primary, secondary, and tertiary law materials. The results of the research that special arrangements regarding the MoU are not found in various laws and regulations in indonesia. The basis for the entry into force of the MoU in Indonesia is based on the principle of freedom of contract, as stipulated in Article 1338 of the Civil Code. In addition, it is also subject to the provisions concerning the contract in the Civil Code which basically adheres to an open system, which means that each person is free to enter into an agreement, both which has been regulated in the Law and which has not been regulated in the Law.
Keyword: Position; Binding force; Memorandum of Understanding; Contract Law

Abstrak
Artikel ini ditulis dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaturan Memorandum of Understanding  (MoU) menurut hukum di Indonesia serta kekuatan mengikat MoU menurut hukum perikatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normatif yaitu menitikberatkan pada sumber kepustakaan untuk memperoleh data sekunder dari bahan hukum primer, bahan hukum sekunder, dan bahan hukum tersier. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengaturan khusus mengenai MoU tidak ditemukan di dalam berbagai peraturan perundang-undangan di Indonesia. Adapun dasar berlakunya MoU di Indonesia adalah didasarkan pada asas kebebasan berkontrak, sebagaimana diatur dalam Pasal 1338 KUHPerdata. Selain itu juga tunduk pada ketentuan tentang perikatan yang ada dalam KUH Perdata yang pada dasarnya menganut sistem terbuka, yaitu berarti setiap orang bebas mengadakan perjanjian, baik yang telah diatur dalam Undang-Undang maupun yang belum diatur dalam Undang-Undang.
Kata Kunci: Kedudukan; Kekuatan Mengikat; Memorandum of Understanding; Hukum Perikatan
ASSESSMENT OF THE POSSIBILITY OF USING PEAT-DIATOMITE IMPROVER IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MEASURES FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL REHABILITATION OF DISTURBED ECOSYSTEMS
Authors:   Institute of Mining of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, ANTONINOVA Natalia , USMANOV Albert ,   Ural State Mining University, SHUBINA Lyubov ,   Institute of Mining of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, SOBENIN Artem ,   Institute of Mining of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Published: February 2021

One of the main factors determining the transformation of natural technogenic complexes is the storage of large masses of industrial waste on the day surface, and their further transformation leads to a change in geochemical processes in landscapes associated with dumps. Objective. On the basis of the experimental studies performed, to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of peat-diatomite ameliorant in the development of measures for the ecological rehabilitation of disturbed ecosystems. Research methods. The content of copper ions was determined by the atomic absorption method using a Spectr AA-240 FS (Varian Optical Spectr. Instrum, Australia). Mineralization of samples to determine the gross copper content was carried out in concentrated HNO3 using a MARS 5 laboratory microwave system (CEM, USA). The mobile forms of copper were determined in extracts of 0.5 M HNO3 in a ratio of 1:25 (soil: solution). Mine waters of the former Degtyarsky mine with a copper content of 4.61 mg / L were used as a model solution. Technogenic soil for microfield experiments was selected during the summer field research. Peat-diatomite ameliorant own development of “Ekoinnovator”. Research results. According to the results of the analysis of the obtained experimental data, the tendency of the sorption process from 4.61 mg/l to 1.754 mg/l is clearly visible when using "diatomite" as a sorbent, and the introduction of a peatdiatomite meliorant in the composition of which sapropel is also Therefore, using reclamation techniques by introducing mineral and organic fertilizers, it is possible to regulate the mobility of copper ions, and the revealed nature of changes in the amount of mobile copper compounds should be taken into account in the development of environmental protection measures for the ecological rehabilitation of disturbed natural ecosystems.
INTERDISCIPLINARY ASPECTS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF MOUNTAIN TERRITORIES: THE ROLE OF SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS
Authors:   Institute of Geography of the Russian Academy of Sciences, GUNYA Alexey , KHADZARAGOVA Elena ,   North Caucasus on Mining and Metallurgy Institute (State Technological University), KHETAGUROV Valery ,   North Caucasus on Mining and Metallurgy Institute (State Technological University), KARAEV Yury ,   North Caucasus on Mining and Metallurgy Institute (State Technological University)
Published: February 2021

The purpose of this work is to analyze the role of culture in the sustainable development of mountain areas in different regions and with different approaches to reflecting this topic of research in scientific publications. The analysis is based on two thematic issues of the journals Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories (SDMT) and Mountain Research and Development (MRD), which focus on the role of culture in mountains. The joint thematic issue was based on the task to reflect the contribution of cultural factors to the sustainable development of mountain areas, as well as the expansion of scientific exchange between communities speaking different languages. Last but not least, it was important to reflect the difference in approaches and methods of “visualization” of scientific thought in the West and in Russia, integration and contextualization of knowledge, which is crucial for ensuring sustainable development in the global aspect. In total, 13 articles were analyzed (4 in the SDMT and 9 in the MRD). The parameters for analysis and comparison were: thematic focuses of articles, regions covered, a set of keywords, goal formulation, concepts. 9 articles cover the mountains of Asia (Caucasus – 3, Himalayas – 2, Tibet and its eastern mountain frame – 2, Mountains of Siberia – 2), two articles each are devoted to the Alps and Andes. Comparison of the analysis of articles on the role of culture in the mountains, presented in the Russian and Swiss journals, showed both similarities in assessments of the role of culture in sustainable development and differences in approaches and depth of analysis of empirical data. The articles recognize the fundamental importance of culture for sustainable development in mountainous regions and preventing the destruction of mountain communities with unique environmental management systems. The initiative to jointly produce articles on such an important topic as the role of culture in the mountains contributes to global efforts to generate knowledge, demonstrating how to integrate the cultural component into development practice and policy. This is in line with the goals and objectives of UNESCO, in particular with efforts to develop indicators for the cultural dimension of development.
A comparative analysis of the InterVA model versus physician review in determining causes of neonatal deaths using verbal autopsy data from Nepal
Authors: Dharel Dinesh , Dawson Penny , Adeyinka Daniel , Muhajarine Nazeem , Neupane Dinesh
Published: February 2021

Background: Verbal autopsy is a common method of ascertaining the cause of neonatal death in low resource settings where majority of causes of deaths remain unregistered. We aimed to compare the causes of neonatal deaths assigned by computer algorithm-based model, InterVA (Interpreting Verbal Autopsy) with the usual standard of Physician Review of Verbal Autopsy (PRVA) using the verbal autopsy data collected by Morang Innovative Neonatal Intervention (MINI) study in Nepal. Methods: MINI was a prospective community intervention study aimed at managing newborn illnesses at household level. Trained field staff conducted a verbal autopsy of all neonatal deaths during the study period. The cause of death was assigned by two pediatricians, and by using InterVA version 5. Cohen's kappa coefficient was calculated to compare the agreement between InterVA and PRVA assigned proximate cause of death, using STATATM software version 16.1. Results: Among 381 verbal autopsies for neonatal deaths, only 311 (81.6%) were assigned one of birth asphyxia, neonatal infection, congenital anomalies or preterm-related complications as the proximate cause of death by both InterVA and PRVA, while the remaining 70 (18.4%) were assigned other or non-specific causes. The overall agreement between InterVA and PRVA-assigned cause of death categories was moderate (66.5% agreement, kappa=0.47). Moderate agreement was observed for neonatal infection (kappa=0.48) and congenital malformations (kappa=0.49), while it was fair for birth asphyxia (kappa=0.39), and preterm-related complications (kappa=0.31); but there was only slight agreement for neonatal sepsis (kappa=0.19) and neonatal pneumonia (kappa=0.16) as specific causes of death within neonatal infections. Conclusions: We observed moderate overall agreement for major categories of causes of neonatal death assigned by InterVA and PRVA. The moderate agreement was sustained for the classification of neonatal infection but poor for neonatal sepsis and neonatal pneumonia as distinct categories of neonatal infection. Further studies should investigate the comparative effectiveness of an updated version of InterVA with the current standard of assigning the cause of neonatal death through longitudinal and experimental designs.
What we need as we get older: needs assessment for the development of a community geriatrics service in an Australian context
Authors: Hohenberg Mark I. , Metri Najwa-Joelle , Firdaus Rubab , Simmons David , Steiner Genevieve Z.
Published: February 2021

Background This study aimed to develop a Community Geriatrics Service (CGS) informed by the healthcare and social requirements of community dwelling older people in an Australian context.Methods Stakeholders (N = 108) took part in a needs assessment involving 30-minute semi-structured interviews with general practitioners (GPs; N = 49), and three 2-hour community engagement meetings (N = 59) with older people, informal caregivers, allied healthcare workers, and nursing home directors. Data were transcribed and thematically coded, mapped to source and weighted to the frequency that the theme was raised across sources. Results Five themes informing CGS development and delivery emerged: active health conditions (management of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia, falls, multimorbidity, and other relevant conditions), active social challenges (patient non-compliance, need for aged care social workers, caregiver stress, elder abuse, social isolation, and stigma), referrals (availability of specialists, communication, specialist input, and advance care directives), access (lack of transport options, and inaccessibility of local geriatrics clinics and specialists), and awareness (lack of awareness, knowledge, and resources).Conclusions CGS development will need to address access, referral processes and health system navigation, which were perceived by stakeholders as significant challenges. These findings warrant the development of a CGS with an integrated approach to aged care, pertinent for the health and social needs of the elderly.
Risk and Protective Factors for Anxiety Disorder During COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Zhong Jingyi , Zhong Chenghui , Qiu Lan , Li Jiayi , Lai Jiayi , Lu Wenfeng , Wang Shuguang , Zhong Jiacai , Zhao Jing , Zhou Yun
Published: February 2021

Background: COVID-19 is a global pandemic and an anxiety-provoking event. Therefore, a study was conducted to identify potential risk and protective factors related to anxiety during COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: We collected information on demographic data and lifestyles by conducting a web-based survey of 19,802 participants from 34 provinces in China during COVID-19 pandemic. Level of anxiety was evaluated using the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale. We used ordinal multivariable logistic regression to estimate the associations of anxiety level with potential risk and protective factors, and further developed a new score to simplify the assessment of anxiety disorder during COVID-19 crisis.Results: Among 19,802 participants (mean [SD] age, 25.3 [8.1], years; 10,121 [51.1%] men), we found that those who were front-line medical personnel, suffered from chronic diseases, with present symptom of SARS-CoV-2 infection or contact history had 112%, 93%, 40% and 15% increase risk of higher anxiety level; while those with knowledge about personal protective measures or wore masks had 75% and 29% lower risk of higher anxiety level respectively. We developed a risk score by calculating the sum of single score of 17 factors. Each one increase of the risk score was associated with a 297% increase in anxiety index score. In categorical analysis, low risk (the risk score between 1 to 2), the moderate risk group (the risk score of 3) and high risk group (the risk score ≥4) had a -0.40 (95% CI: -1.55, 0.76), 1.44 (95% CI: 0.27, 2.61) and 9.18 (95% CI: 8.04, 10.33) increase in anxiety index score, and a 26% (95% CI: -7%, 72%), 172% (95% CI: 100%, 270%), and 733% (95% CI: 516%, 1026%) higher risk of anxiety disorder respectively, when compared with the very low risk group (the risk score of 0). The AUC was 0.73 (95% CI: 0.72, 0.74) for the model fitted the developed risk score, with the cut-off point of 3.5.Conclusions: These findings revealed protective and risk factors associated with anxiety disorder, and propose a practical and simple method of identifying people who are at an increased risk of anxiety disorder during COVID-19 pandemic.
Less rain and rainy days - lessons from 45 years of rainfall data (1971 to 2015) in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal
Authors: Prajapati Rajaram , Talchabhadel Rocky , Silwal Priya , Upadhyay Surabhi , Ertis Brandon , Thapa Bhesh Raj , Davids Jeffrey C.
Published: February 2021

Understanding spatio-temporal variability in rainfall patterns is crucial for evaluating water balances needed for water resources planning and management. This paper investigates spatio-temporal variability in rainfall and assesses the frequency of daily rainfall observations from seven stations in the Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, from 1971–2015. Daily rainfall totals were classified into five classes, namely, A (light rain, daily rainfall < 10 mm in a day), B (between 10–50 mm), C (between 50–100 mm), D (between 100–150 mm) and E (> 150 mm). The relationship between daily rainfall and rainfall frequency of various rainfall rate classes were analysed. Kriging method was used for interpolation in interpreting seasonal and annual rainfall data and spatial maps were generated using QGIS. The Mann-Kendall (MK) test was performed to determine the temporal trends and Theil-Sen’s (TS) slope estimator was used in quantifying the magnitude of trends. Mountain stations showed a decreasing trend in rainfall for all seasons, ranging from − 8.4 mm/year at Sankhu to -21.8 mm/year at Thankot, whereas, a mixed pattern was found on the Valley floor. Mean annual rainfall in the Valley was 1610 mm. Both annual rainfall and the number of rainy days decreased in the Kathmandu Valley over the study period. The study indicated a significant reduction in rainfall after 2000. Since springs and shallow groundwater are the primary sources of water supply for residents in the Kathmandu Valley, it is apparent that decreasing rainfall will have (and is already having) an adverse impact on domestic, industrial, and agricultural water supplies, and the livelihoods of people.
Excitonic Harvestation Radiative Recombination by Analysis and Comparison of the Experimental Data Measurements and the Theoretical Data Calculations from Silvaco-TCAD
Authors: Nia Sakineh Akbari , Molamohammadi Shahriar , Jalili Yousef Seyed
Published: February 2021

Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) have developed to show many advantageous and noticeable properties including their flexibility, easy processing, very cost effective chemical technology, and easy combining of organic material, hence having optimized performance is very significant. Therefore, we have to find new methods in order to be able to use the total singlet and triplet excitons population and to achieve 100% internal efficiency. If we can extend the internal efficiency to 100%, this will lead to efficient production of OLEDs in the industry. In this work, to consider increasing excitons’ population, we have worked on the uniformity of the Electron Transport Layer (ETL) and Emissive Layer (EL) by applying argon atmosphere pressure cold jet plasma. Examining the experimental data in comparison with the theoretical data has shown us that having a better uniformity in barriers (based on AFM images) and decreasing contact angle will lead to a better injection and more exciton's population leading to an increase in the internal efficiency.
Food security status and breast cancer screening among women in the United States: Evidence from Health and Retirement Study and Health Care and Nutrition Study
Authors: Mahmood Asos , Kedia Satish , Dillon Patrick , kim Hyunmin , Arshad Hassan , Ray Meredith
Published: February 2021

Purpose: To assesses the impact of food insecurity on biennial breast cancer screenings (i.e., mammography or breast x-ray) among older women in the United States (US).Methods: Data from the 2014 and 2016 waves of the Health and Retirement Study and the 2013 Health Care and Nutrition Study were used. The analyses were limited to a nationally representative sample of 2,861 women between 50 to 74 years of age, residing in the US. We employed a propensity score weighting method to balance observed confounders between food-secure and food-insecure women and fitted a binary logistic regression to investigate population-level estimates for the association between food security and breast cancer screening.Results: Food insecurity was significantly associated with failure to obtain a mammogram or breast x-ray within the past two years. Food-insecure women had 54% lower odds of reporting breast cancer screening in the past two years (OR=0.46; 95% CI: 0.30-0.70, P-value <.001) as compared to food-secure women. Additional factors associated with a higher likelihood of receiving breast cancer screenings included greater educational attainment, higher household income, regular access to health care/advice, not smoking, and not being physically disabled or experiencing depressive symptoms.Conclusion: Results demonstrate a socioeconomic gradient existing in regard to the utilization of regular breast cancer screenings among women. Those who tend to have lower education, lower-income and lack of reliable healthcare access are more likely to be food insecure. Thus, more likely to face the financial, logistical, or environmental barriers in obtaining screening services that accompany food insecurity.
Two new species of Ceriporia (Irpicaceae, Basidiomycota) from Asia Pacific
Authors: Chen Jia-Jia , Wang Ya-Rong , Wang Chao-Ge , Dai Yu-Cheng
Published: February 2021

Based on morphology and phylogeny of samples from Asia Pacific, two new species of Ceriporia, C. eucalypti sp. nov. and C. sino-viridans sp. nov., are described. C. eucalypti is characterized by resupinate and snow white fresh basidiocarps, abundant crystals and oily substances present in subiculum and trama, distinct allantoid basidiospores measuring 4–4.4 ´ 1.1–1.4 µm, and growing on wood of Ecalyptus in Australia. C. sino-viridans is characterized by white to flesh-pink fresh pores, ellipsoid to lunate basidiospores measuring 3–3.5 ´ 1.7–2.2 µm, and occurring in tropical China. Phylogenetically C. eucalypti, C. sino-viridans, C. aurantiocarnescens and C. viridans are related, but they can be distinguished by size of basidiospores. A key to accepted species of Ceriporia in China is provided.
Predictors of mortality among newborns admitted with perinatal asphyxia at public hospitals in Ethiopia: A Prospective cohort study
Authors: Dessu Samuel , Dawit Zinabu , Timerga Abebe , Bafa Muluken
Published: February 2021

Introduction:

Perinatal asphyxia is a fetus or the newborn's health problem caused; due to altered breathing or inadequate inhalation and exhalation resulting in reduced oxygen perfusion to certain body tissues and organs. Irrespective of the increased progress in health care towards newborns and implementations in reductions in under-five, infant, and neonatal mortality in the past ten years, perinatal asphyxia remains as the most common severe newborn health challenge causing a high number of mortalities and morbidity and is a major public issue.
Methods

A prospective cohort longitudinal study was implemented among the predetermined 573 samples of newborns admitted with Perinatal asphyxia at public hospitals in Southern Ethiopia from 1st March 2018 to 28th February 2020. Data entry was conducted using Epi data version 3.02 statistical software and exported to SPSS Version 25 statistical software for analysis. The perinatal survival time was determined using Kaplan Meier survival curve together with a log-rank test. Variables that had a P-values less than 0.05 in the multivariable cox proportional hazard model were declared as statistically significant predictors of mortality.
Results

The cumulative proportion of survival among the newborns admitted with perinatal asphyxia was 95.21% (95%CI:91.00,97.48), 92.82% (95%CI:87.95,95.77), 92.02%(95%CI:86.84,95.22) and 90.78%(95%CI:84.82,94.48) at the end of first, second, third and fourth follow-up days respectively with the overall mean survival time of 6.55(95%CI:6.33,6.77). Cord prolapse (AHR:6.5;95%CI:1.18,36.01), history of PIH (AHR:25.4;95%CI:3.68,175.0), maternal iron deficiency anemia (AHR:5.9;95%CI:1.19,29.5) and having convulsion of the newborn (AHR:10.23;95%CI:2.24,46.54) were statistically significant in multivariable cox proportional hazard model.
Conclusion

The risk of death among newborns with perinatal asphyxia was high during the early follow-up periods after admission to the hospital and the mortality risk decreased at the later follow up periods and cord prolapse, history of PIH, maternal history of iron deficiency anemia and newborns history of convulsion were the independent predictors of mortality.
Management of Abdominal Tuberculosis in a Community-Based Hospital From a High-Income Developing Country
Authors: Mousa Hussam , Abdel-Kader Saleh , Abu-Zidan Fikri
Published: February 2021

Background: The delayed diagnosis and management of abdominal tuberculosis increases its mortality. We aimed to study the clinical presentation, management, and outcome of patients who had abdominal tuberculosis and treated at Al-Ain Hospital, Al-Ain City, United Arab Emirates.Methods: All patients who had abdominal tuberculosis and treated at Al-Ain Hospital between January 2011 and December 2018 were studied. Data were collected retrospectively using a structured protocol including demography, clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, management, and outcome. Results: Twenty-four patients having a median age of 30 years were studied with an incidence of 0.6/100,000 population. The most common symptoms were abdominal pain (95.8%) and malaise (79.2%). Fever was present only in nine patients (37.5%). Laboratory investigations, except the polymerase chain reaction immunoassay, were not helpful. Chest X-ray was abnormal in three patients (12.5%). Ultrasound and abdominal CT scan were nonspecific. Thirteen patients needed surgical intervention for diagnosis or therapy. Diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology in 15 patients (62.5%), immunological assays in 7 patients (29.2%), microbiological culture in one patient (4%), and therapeutic trial in one patient (4%). The most common type of abdominal tuberculosis was gastrointestinal in 13 patients (54.2%) followed by free wet peritonitis in five patients (20.8%). All patients had quadruple anti-tuberculous therapy for a minimum of six months. The median hospital stay was 6.5 days. None of our patients died. Conclusions: Diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis remains challenging despite advancements in medical technology and diagnostic tools. The low percentage for the need for diagnostic therapy in our study supports the benefit of PCR assay. Surgery was mainly indicated as the last option to reach the diagnosis or to treat complications.
Effect of Pr, Mn Doping on the Structure and Properties of BiFeO3
Authors: Zhou Lei , Jiang Guojian , Wu Dandan , Chen Jianbing
Published: February 2021

The powders of Bi1-xPrxFeO3 (x = 0, 0.05, 0.1) and Bi0.95Pr0.05Fe1-yMnyO3 (y = 0.05, 0.1) were prepared by hydrothermal method. The effects of Pr and Mn doping content on the structure, morphology, magnetic, and photocatalytic properties of BiFeO3 (BFO) have been studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) demonstrated that the compounds are distorted rhombohedral perovskite structure without any other heterogeneity and structural transition. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) reflected that the surface of compounds is a dense, agglomerated sphere, and the morphology changes with the addition of Pr, Mn. Energy spectrum analysis (EDS) shows that the Bi0.95Pr0.05Fe0.95Mn0.05O3 sample is mainly composed of 5 elements (Bi, Fe, O, Pr, Mn), and the atomic ratio matches the formula well. Integrating the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) into the physical property measurement system (PPMS-9) shows that the introduction of Pr3+and Mn2+ ions can enhance the magnetic properties of BFO at room temperature. In addition, doping with Pr3+ and Mn2+ ions can improve the photocatalytic performance of BFO, and with the increase of Mn2+ concentration, the photocatalytic performance of BFO first rises and then decreases, and its catalytic performance is getting better and better.
Preoperative prevalence of deep vein thrombosis in patients with musculoskeletal degenerative disorders
Authors: Sato Keigo , Date Hideki , Michikawa Takehiro , Morita Mitsuhiro , Hayakawa Kazue , Kaneko Shinjiro , Fujita Nobuyuki
Published: February 2021

Background: Although the incidence of symptomatic pulmonary thromboembolism after elective surgery for musculoskeletal degenerative disorders is comparatively low, it is extremely detrimental to both patients and health-care providers. Therefore, its prevention is mandatory. We aimed to perform a cross-sectional analysis of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) before elective surgery for degenerative musculoskeletal disorders, including total knee arthroplasty (TKA), total hip arthroplasty (THA), and spinal surgery, and identify the factors associated with the incidence of preoperative DVT.Methods: The clinical data of patients aged ≥30 years who underwent TKA or THA, and spine surgery for lumbar or cervical degenerative disorders at our institution were retrospectively collected. D-dimer levels were measured preoperatively in all the patients scheduled for surgery. For the patients with D-dimer levels ≥ 1 μg/mL or who were determined by their physicians to be at high risk of DVT, the lower extremity vein was preoperatively examined for DVT on ultrasonography.Results: Overall, we retrospectively evaluated 1236 consecutive patients, including 701 men and 535 women. Of the patients, 431 and 805 had D-dimer levels ≥ 1 and < 1 μg/mL, respectively. Of 683 patients who underwent lower extremity ultrasonography, 92 had proximal (n = 7) and distal types (n = 85) of DVT. The preoperative prevalence of DVT was 7.4%. One patient (0.08%) had the incidence of postoperative symptomatic venous thromboembolism. A multivariate analysis revealed that age ≥80 years (odds ratio [OR], 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.8, 1.1–7.3), knee surgery (2.1, 1.1–4.0), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade 2 (2.8, 1.2–6.8), ASA grades 3 or 4 (3.1, 1.0–9.4), and malignancy (1.9, 1.1–3.2) were significantly associated with DVT incidence.Conclusions: This is the first study to conduct a cross-sectional analysis of preoperative DVT data of patients scheduled for elective surgery for degenerative musculoskeletal disorders. Although whether screening for preoperative DVT is needed to prevent postoperative symptomatic pulmonary thromboembolism remains to be clarified, our data suggested that DVT should be noted before surgery in the patients with advanced age, knee surgery, high ASA physical status, and malignancy.
Preferred Hierarchical Control Strategy of Non-Point Source Pollution at Regional Scale
Authors: Wen Weijia , Zhuang Yanhua , Zhang Liang , Li Sisi , Ruan Shuhe , Zhang Qinjing
Published: February 2021

Non-point source (NPS) pollution has wide range of sources. Under rainfall conditions, NPS pollution occurs mainly by overland flow, resulting in difficult governance. In this study, based on the cooperative analysis of critical periods (CPs) and critical source areas (CSAs), a preferred hierarchical control strategy of NPS pollution, which was connected with management units, was proposed in the Danjiangkou Reservoir Basin (DRB) to improve the pertinence of NPS pollution control. The practicality of the grid-based CSA identification results was improved by point density analysis (PDA). CPs, sub-CPs, and non-CPs were identified on the temporal scale; CSAs, sub-CSAs and non-CSAs were identified on the spatial scale. The results showed that CPs (July, April, and September), sub-CPs (May, March, and August), and non-CPs contributed 62.8%, 31.1%, and 6.1% of the annual TP loads, respectively. Furthermore, we proposed a hierarchical NPS pollution control strategy: class Ⅰ (CSAs in CPs) → class II (sub-CSAs in CPs, CSAs in sub-CPs) → class III (non-CPs, non-CSAs, sub- and non-CSAs in sub-CPs). Class Ⅰ covered the periods and areas with the highest NPS pollution loads, contributing 26.2% of the annual load within 14.5% of the area and 25.0% of the time. This study provides a reference for the targeted control of NPS pollution at regional scale, especially in environmental protection with limited funds.
The Solute Carrier Family 7 Genes Are Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers in Lower Grade Glioma
Authors: Liu Wentao , Ji Yu , Ren Rijun , Zhang Gentang
Published: February 2021

Background: The solute carrier (SLC) 7 family genes are a group of cationic amino acid/glycoprotein transporters and of importance to the maintenance of amino acid nutrition and survival of tumour cells. This study was to investigate the diagnostic values of SLC7 family genes and their associations with overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) in Lower grade glioma (LGG). Methods: SLC7 family gene expression and clinical data were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas database. The expression difference of SLC7 family genes was compared between 523 LGG and 1141 normal brain tissues. The associations between gene expression, clinicopathologic factors, patients’ OS and RFS were analysed by various statistical methods in the two datasets. Results: As compared to normal brain tissues, SLC7A10 expression was significantly down-regulated, while SLC7A5, SLC7A7 expression was significantly up-regulated in LGG tissues. Multivariate analysis and validation analysis confirmed that increased SLC7A7 expression was associated with increased mortality (P≤0.001, Odd ratio [OR]:2.66, 95% Confidence interval [CI]: 1.56–4.6). While, increased SLC7A4 and SLC7A14 expression was associated with reduced mortality (P=0.02, OR:0.38, 95% CI: 0.16–0.81; P≤0.001, OR:0.38, 95% CI: 0.21–0.67; respectively). Increased SLC7A11 expression was associated with decreased RFS (P=0.01, OR:0.61, 95% CI: 0.43–0.88). Conclusion: SLC7A5, SLC7A7, SLC7A10 might serve as diagnostic biomarkers in LGG. High SLC7A4, SLC7A7 and SLC7A14 expression is significantly associated with OS. SLC7 family gene expression represents a potentially diagnostic and prognostic biomarker to predict survival in LGG.
Ultrasonographic Assessment of Renal Perfusion in Bitches With Mammary Carcinoma Treated With Long-Term Carprofen
Authors: Estrada Cristhian Vargas , Firmo Bruna Fernanda , Vela Daniele Belchior , Maronezi Marjury Cristina , Uscategui Ricardo Andrés Ramirez , Gasser Beatriz , Feliciano Marcus Antônio Rossi , Pavan Letícia , Aires Luiz Paulo Nogueira , Lima Gabriela Piovan , Nardi Andrigo Barboza De
Published: February 2021

Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate renal hemodynamics, routine clinical and laboratory parameters used to estimate renal function, and clinical evolution during six months in bitches with mammary carcinomas that underwent mastectomy and were treated (TG) or not (CG) with carprofen for three months after surgery. Methods. Twenty-six bitches with mammary neoplasia were equally distributed into TG that received carprofen 4.4 mg/kg/day for 90 days and CG that did not receive anti-inflammatory medication. Renal artery Doppler flowmetry, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) of renal parenchyma, haematological, biochemical and clinical analyses were obtained once a month. These data were compared between groups and moments via analysis of variance (ANOVA) in a completely randomized design with repeated measures (P<0.05). Results. On B-mode ultrasound, the area of the ​​renal artery was greater (P=0.0003) in the TG. Regarding laboratory findings, haematocrit and haemoglobin were similar in both groups, showing a significant and gradual increase after three months of treatment; MCV, MHC, and MCHC were increased (P<0.05) and lymphocyte and band counts decreased (P<0.05) in the TG. Regarding biochemical tests, ALT was the only parameter with a significant difference, being higher (P=0.0272) in the treated group.Conclusion. It can be concluded that the use of carprofen for 90 days causes minimal changes in renal perfusion, erythrocyte parameters and ALT activity, and reduces the proportion of blood inflammatory cells. Therefore, use of this medication can be carried out safely in patients who require auxiliary cancer treatment.
An undergraduate curriculum to study health risk factors of college students in Guam: The Pacific Islands Cohort of College Students (PICCS)
Authors: Paulino Yvette , Ada Anthony , Dizon John , Benavente Elisha-Rose J. , Campbell Katherine Mary De Luna , Cristobal Breinard , Daughtry Alexandria , Estabillo Lorenz Michael O. , Flisco Victoria Diana Cruz , Badowski Grazyna , Hattori-Uchima Margaret
Published: February 2021

Background: The non-communicable disease epidemic among Pacific Islanders prompted the Pacific Island Health Officers Association to declare a health emergency throughout the United States-Affiliated Pacific Islands (Resolution #48-01). Subsequently, the University of Guam Health Science Program initiated the Pacific Islands Cohort of College Students (PICCS). The purpose here is to (1) describe the PICCS development and (2) estimate 2016 baseline health indicators of participants enrolled in PICCS. Methods: Research theory and application were incorporated in undergraduate core courses. Student researchers led data collection, analysis, and dissemination of a cross-sectional study of 417 college students conducted September–December 2016. Self-reported information on demographics, health risk behaviors, and awareness were ascertained. Height and weight were measured to estimate weight status. Mean (standard deviation) for ratio variables and frequency (percentages) for categorical variables were calculated. Results: The PICCS curriculum resulted in multiple successes: 22 abstracts, one manuscript, five acceptances to health leadership programs, four travel awards, and one federal grant. Mean age of the 2016 PICCS research participants was 22.5 (3.6) years. Majority was female (55%). The predominant race/ethnic groups were single-race Asians (49%) and Pacific Islanders (31%) followed by Other/Mixed Ethnicity (20%). Majority reported health risk behaviors: inadequate sleep (63%), high stress (66%), frequent fast-food consumption (63%), infrequent fruit/vegetable intake (81%), and sedentary lifestyle (64%). Overweight and obesity (49%) were also a concern. Conclusion: The PICCS curriculum produced multiple research successes. Integration in an undergraduate program will sustain the monitoring of college student health risk behaviors and informing of targeted intervention strategies.
Conductivity Optimization of Mg, Zn and Ag doped TiO2 as Electron Transport Layer for Perovskite Solar Cell
Authors: Sharma Sameeksha , Soleimanioun Nazilla , Rani Mamta , Tripathi Surya Kant
Published: February 2021

We report on the modification of structural, optical, electrical and dielectric properties of the electron transport layer (ETL) of Perovskite solar cell (PSC) i.e. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) by adding Magnesium (Mg), Zinc (Zn) and Silver (Ag) impurities in it through Sol-gel method. Modified parameters are studied with the help of X-Ray diffraction (XRD), UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, electrical and dielectric measurements by two probe method respectively. Fascinating results have been obtained in modified Mg-TiO2, Zn-TiO2 and Ag-TiO2 such as enhanced transmittance (T), reduction in refractive index (n), extinction coefficient (k), Urbach energy (EU), an increase in DC conductivity, dielectric constant (ϵ) and AC conductivity. The conductivity in modified TiO2 follows the order Ag-TiO2 > Zn-TiO2 > Mg-TiO2 > TiO2. The prepared samples are utilized in PSC device fabrication and the increased efficiency following the same order as conductivity suggests the idea of doping in ETL successful in solar cell application.
Protection Induced By Ginsenoside Rb1 in Alzheimer’s Disease Model is Associated With Redressing The Neuronal Hyperexcitability Which is Regulated By Nav1.2 and Nav1.6
Authors: li shan , Lu Min-Nan , Wang Qian , Yuan Yun , Zhang Xiao-Min , Zhao Hao-Ran , Ding Wan-Hai , Gao Wen-Wei , Chen Shi-Wen , Wang Xu-Yang , Dong Xiao-Han , Yan Guo-Ji , xiyang yanbin
Published: February 2021

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a neurodegenerative disease showing multiple complex pathomechanism alterations, has affected the normal life of many old people. It is urgent to find an effective medicine for AD. Ginsenoside Rb1 (Rb1) is the main component of panax notoginseng saponins, a famous Chinese herbal medicine, and is expected to be a useful drug in the treatment of AD. This study mainly explored the potential effects of Rb1 in model of AD in vivo and in vitro, and investigated the possible mechanisms. Materials and methods: We studied the neuroprotective effect of Rb1 in transgenic mouse animal model and cell AD model in vitro. The cognitive function of APP/PS1 mice was measured in Morris water maze and Novel Object Recognition. Electrophysiological patch clamp recording and electrophysiology were used to nerve excitability. Further, the expression of proteins of Nav1.2 and Nav1.6 were used by Western blot. Results: We found that Rb1 treatment significantly improved the cognitive and memory loss, and reversed the hyperexcitability by altering the expressions of Nav1.2 and Nav1.6 of APP/PS1 mice. Further, Rb1 improved the hyperexcitability induced by Aβ1-42-injured neurons, which might be associated with alteration of the expressions of Nav1.2 and Nav1.6. As we expect, Rb1 attenuated Aβ1-42-induced injury in primary neurons. Conclusion: Our data showed that Rb1 played a critical role in improvement of the cognitive deficit and abnormal excitability of AD by regulating Nav1.2 and Nav1.6 expressions. Thus, Rb1 shows protective effects on AD models and may be a potential candidate for AD treatment.
A retrospective analysis of non-sharps related injuries in a dental school setting’’
Authors: Jeon Soyeon , Chong Mark Jeffrey , Jin Gwanghyun , Walsh Laurence , Zachar Jessica Joanna , Zafar Sobia
Published: February 2021

Background

Workplace non-sharps injuries are a common occurrence in a dental school setting. In dentistry, the importance of preventing non-sharps injuries is often overlooked due to emphasis on sharps-related injuries in clinical and laboratory settings. To analyse the incidences of non-sharps injuries over a 10 year period in a dental school to identify trends and the possible causative factors for these injuries.
Methods

Injury reports lodged with the UQ Workplace Health and Safety databases between 2009 and 2019 were categorised and analysed.
Results

Of 1156 incidents reported, 35.7% (n = 413) were non-sharps injuries, the most common type of non-sharps injury was general incidents (48.4%, n = 200). The most common body site for injury was the hands (19.4%, n = 80) and the most common location where an injury occurred was when working in clinical patient care (53.8%, n = 222). The personnel type most at risk of a non-sharps injury fluctuated between students and staff throughout the study period.
Conclusions

All personnel, including students and staff, are at similar risk of experiencing a non-sharps injury within a dental school setting. The equipment and facilities of a dental clinic as well as adherence to safe working procedures and correct protocols are contributing factors. Continuous quality improvement is essential for minimising these injuries.