bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Kurzbericht zur #RKB15-Konferenz „(Retro)Digitalisate – Kommentarkultur – Big Data: Zum Stand des Digitalen in den Geisteswissenschaften“ in München
Authors: Landes Lilian , Kunz Norbert
Published: March 2016

Status Quo, Herausforderungen und Zukunftsperspektiven der digitalen Wissenschaftskultur in den Geisteswissenschaften waren die übergreifenden Themenschwerpunkte der Münchener #RKB15-Konferenz, die auf viel Resonanz beim Fachpublikum stieß: Kontroverse Diskussionen ließen Zweifel am um sich greifenden Wandel der Arbeitsmethoden ebenso zu wie realistische Blicke auf die großen Umwälzungen und neuen Rollenverteilungen im Bereich des elektronischen Publizierens oder auf die Chancen, die in nachhaltigen Digitalisierungsstrategien liegen – für Institutionen ebenso wie für einzelne Wissenschaftler.
UNGASS 2016: Prospects for Treaty Reform and UN System-Wide Coherence on Drug Policy
Authors: Jelsma Martin
Published: March 2016

This paper explores key lessons from the 1990 Special Session of the United Nations General Assembly on Drug Abuse (UNGASS 1990) and the 1998 Special Session of the United Nations General Assembly on the World Drug Problem (UNGASS 1998), and tracks subsequent policy events and trends. It discusses the wide array of increasing tensions and cracks in the “Vienna consensus,” as well as systemic challenges and recent treaty breaches. Various options for treaty reform are explored and the following questions are considered: Given policy developments around the world this past decade, what outcomes can the 2016 Special Session of the United Nations General Assembly on the World Drug Problem (UNGASS 2016) have in terms of a new political compromise? How can UNGASS 2016 contribute to more system-wide coherence where previous attempts failed? Can UNGASS 2016 realistically initiate a process of modernizing the global drug control system and breathe oxygen into a system risking asphyxiation? Finally, is there a chance that treaty reform options will be discussed at all, or do today’s political realities still block possible future regime changes?
Das Charisma der Freundschaft, oder: Wodurch eine Feier zum Fest werden kann
Authors: Sparn Walter
Published: March 2016

Ausgehend von Friedrich Hölderlins Hymne „Friedensfeier“ formuliert der Essay (1) die Hypothese, dass es der Geist der Freundschaft ist, der eine Feier, die man willentlich planen und inszenieren kann, in ein Fest verwandeln kann, das die Freunde erhoffen, dessen Glanz und Glück sie aber nicht erzeugen können. Er klärt (2) die semantischen Profile und die neuzeitliche Veränderung in der Beziehung zwischen dem inszenierten, oft sozial instrumentalisierten Feierritus und dem Fest, dessen Emergenz z. B. mit affektiven Erregung begleitet wird. Er kritisiert (3) Definitionen des „Wesens“ des Festes (Exzess vs. Besinnung) und religiös-utopische Versuche, Fest und Alltag zu verschmelzen. (4) Auch phänomenologische Definitionen des Festes als „das Andere des Alltags“ erreichen noch nicht den kulturellen Unterschied zwischen Feier und Fest. Dieser unterschied lässt sich aber idealtypisch beschreiben, wenn man die charismatische Genese außeralltäglicher kultureller Praxis analysiert. (5) identifiziert das charismatische Moment von Freundschaft und begründet die These, dass Freunde die Grenze der machbaren Feier zu selbst eintretenden Festlichkeit sowohl respektieren als sie auch bereit sind, sich dieser schöpferischen Verwandlung zu öffnen. (6) reflektiert die religionsphilosophischen und die theologischen Implikationen dieser These. Gegen christliche Verdächtigungen festlichen Überschwangs stellte ich das eschatologische Recht von Hölderlins Verknüpfung von Fest und Freundschaft heraus: Das beglückte Fest unter Freunden ist ein Versprechen auf die Epiphanie des Göttlichen, ein darstellendes Zeichen des Reiches Gottes, das ein Reich der Freundschaft ist.
The Definition of Religion, Super-empirical Realities and Mathematics
Authors: Sauchelli Andrea
Published: March 2016

Providing a precise definition of “religion” – or an analysis in terms of sufficient and necessary conditions of the concept of religion – has proven to be a difficult task, more so in light of the diverse types of practices considered religious by scholars. Here, I discuss Kevin Schilbrack’s recent definition of “religion”, elaborate it and raise several objections, one of which is based on a specific theory in philosophy of mathematics: mathematical realism.
Variability of Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity Measurements Made Using a Flexible-Wall Permeameter
Authors: Benson C. H. , Yesiller N.
Published: March 2016

A study was conducted following the procedures in ASTM E691-14 (Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method) to develop a precision statement for hydraulic conductivity measurement of fine-grained soils using Method C (falling head, rising tailwater elevation) of ASTM D5084-10 (Standard Test Methods for Measurement of Hydraulic Conductivity of Saturated Porous Materials Using a Flexible Wall Permeameter). Twelve laboratories conducted tests on three replicate specimens of three fine-grained soils (9 specimens total per laboratory) from the ASTM Reference Soils Program: Soil ML (silt), Soil CL (low plasticity clay), and Soil CH (high plasticity clay). The data indicated that the measurement variability for hydraulic conductivity is modest but not negligible, and probably contributes to the spatial variability reported in past studies of hydraulic conductivity. No systematic relationships were observed between variability in hydraulic conductivity and testing time (consolidation, permeation), backpressure, B-coefficient achieved at end of consolidation, compliance with the termination criteria, or specimen compaction conditions. Many laboratories did not comply with the test standard or the supplemental instructions, which may indicate that greater oversight of geotechnical laboratories is needed via accreditation and auditing programs. Analysis of the data indicate that hydraulic conductivity can be measured using Method C of ASTM D5084 within a factor of 2 for the 10–6 cm/s range, a factor of 1.5 for the 10–8 cm/s range, and a factor of 4 for the 10–9 cm/s range.
Explicit Finite Element Modelling as a Development Tool for New Ultrasound Testing Methodologies for Detection and Characterization of Porosity and Defects in Composites
Authors: McMillan A. J. , Holeczek K.
Published: March 2016

Composite components frequently contain porosity or defects, which might, in some circumstances, be deemed benign. Other defects could lead to progressive or sudden failure in service; hence reliable and accurate material condition monitoring and health assessment is an important prerequisite for further design for the use of composite materials in high duty and life sensitive engineering components. The objective of this paper was to demonstrate the use of explicit finite element as an effective development tool in the development of ultrasound testing methodologies for the characterization of porosity in composites – a virtual ultrasound vibration laboratory. This would enable an improved inspection sentencing capability for as-manufactured composite structural components. It would also be of benefit in sentencing components subject to foreign object damage (FOD) in order to determine whether the component can continue in service, possibly with in-service monitoring or cosmetic repair, or must be condemned. In this work, finite element models simulating damage and porosity were presented. The models were compared with ultrasound tests on real specimens with practically relevant defects. Experimental tests, making use of wave superposition from two piezo-electric vibration sources, were shown to detect energy absorbing damage in the specimen, such as might have been created by impact or crush loads. The same piezo-electric vibration system was also used to measure the dissipated energy. Computational analysis, using simple material model variations, was able to replicate the Lamb wave generation and evolve a wave form resembling a “standing wave.” The computational material model was modified to represent porosity in composites.
ESTIMASI DAMPAK EKONOMI DARI PENCEMARAN UDARA TERHADAP KESEHATAN DI INDONESIA
Authors: Mursinto Djoko , Kusumawardani Deni
Published: March 2016

 

Abstrak

Gangguan kesehatan merupakan salah satu dampak dari pencemaran udara yang pa-ling dirasakan di negara-negara berkembang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi dampak ekonomi dari pencemaran udara terhadap kesehatan di Indonesia menggunakan data tahun 2011. Indikator pencemaran udara yang digunakan adalah benda partikulat atau particulate matter 10 (PM10). Dampak ekonomi diukur oleh besarnya biaya yang dikeluarkan akibat terjadinya gangguan kesehatan manusia, yang terdiri dari mortalitas dan morbiditas.Teknik estimasi melibatkan dua pendekatan, yaitu epidemiologi untuk menilai hubungan sebab akibat antara tingkat konsentrasi PM10 dengan risiko kesehatan, dan valuasi ekonomi untuk memberikan nilai dalam satuan moneter terhadap risiko kesehatan tersebut. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan besarnya biaya ekonomi yang ditimbulkan oleh konsentrasi PM10 terhadap kesehatan senilai Rp 373,1 triliun atau setara dengan 5,03% Produk Domestik Bruto (PDB).Dari biaya tersebut, 60,9% adalah biaya mortalitas berupa kematian dini dan 39,1% adalah biaya morbiditas dengan komponen terbesar (sekitar 50%) berupa perawatan rumah sakit akibat penyakit pernapasan. Masyarakat harus menanggung biaya pencemaran rata-rata sekitar Rp 1,53 juta atau 6,7% dari pendapatan per kapita.

Kata kunci: mortalitas, morbiditas, dose-response, value of statistical life, cost of illness

 

Abstract

This study aims to estimate the economic impact of air pollution on health in Indonesia. Air pollution indicator used is particulate matter matter 10 (PM10) which is considered as a good predictor of health with wider coverage compared to substances other air pollutants. The economic impact is measured by costs incurred due to the occurrence of human health problems, which consists of mortality and morbidity. Estimation technique involves two approaches, namely epidemiology to assess the causal relationship between the level of concentration of PM10 with health risks, and economic valuation to provide monetary value on these health risks. In this study, the epidemiological approach uses dose-response function, while the economic valuation using the value of statistical life (VSL) for mortality and cost of illness (COI) for morbidity. The result indicates the economic costs caused by the concentration of PM10 to the health are Rp 373.1 billion, equivalent to 5.03% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Of these costs, 60.9% is the cost of mortality in the form of premature death and 9.1% is morbidity which the largest component costs (approximately 50%) of hospital admission for respiratory causes. Society must bear the cost of pollution on average about Rp 1.53 million or 6.7% of per capita income

Keywords: mortality, morbidity, dose-response, value of statistical life, cost of illness
FAKTOR-FAKTOR KETERLAMBATAN PENDERITA KANKER PAYUDARA DALAM MELAKUKAN PEMERIKSAAN AWAL KE PELAYANAN KESEHATAN
Authors: Dyanti Gusti Ayu Resa , Suariyani Ni Luh Putu
Published: March 2016

Abstrak

Keterlambatan penderita kanker payudara melakukan pemeriksaan awal ke pelayanan kesehatan di Indonesia mencapai lebih dari 80%. Hal ini mengakibatkan kejadian kanker payudara banyak yang ditemukan pada stadium lanjut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang berhubungan dengan keterlambatan penderita kanker payudara dalam melakukan pemeriksaan awal ke pelayanan kesehatan. Desain penelitian menggunakan studi observasional analitik dengan desain case control yang dilaksanakan pada bulan April-Mei 2015. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan concecutive sampling dan convenient sampling dengan jumlah sampel 108 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat enam faktor yang memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan keterlambatan penderita kanker payudara dalam melakukan pemeriksaan awal ke pelayanan kesehatan yaitu tingkat pendidikan (tingkat pendidikan rendah p=0,001;OR 5,67 dan tingkat pendidikan sedang p=0,008;OR 3,65), tingkat pengetahuan (tingkat pengetahuan kurang p<0,001;OR 15,7 dan tingkat pengetahuan cukup p=0,011;OR 9,5), keterjangkauan biaya (p=0,003;OR 5,95), keterpaparan informasi/media massa (p=0,011;OR 2,75), dukungan suami/keluarga (p<0,001;OR 4,35), dan perilaku deteksi dini (tidak pernah SADARI (pemeriksaan payudara sendiri) p<0,001;OR 11,08 dan tidak rutin SADARI p=0,032;OR 5.18)).

Kata Kunci : Kanker payudara; Keterlambatan Pemeriksaan Payudara; Rumah Sakit Sanglah

 

Abstract

Almost 80% of breast cancer patients In Indonesia have delayed in breast cancer screening. The purpose of this study was to determine some factors associated with breast screening retardation of breast cancer patient. This was an analytical observational study with case control design conducted in April-May 2015. Samples were collected by consecutive sampling and convenient sampling with the number of sample  were 108. The result showed that there were six factors had a significant association with breast screening delay of breast cancer patient. Those were education level (low education level p=0,001;OR 5,67 dan moderate education level p=0,008;OR 3,65), knowledge level (low knowledge level p<0,001;OR 15,7 dan moderate knowledge level p=0,011;OR 9,5), cost affordability (p=0,003;OR 5,95), information/massa media exposure (p=0,011;OR 2,75), partner/family support (p<0,001;OR 4,35), and early detection behavior (have not had early detection p<0,001;OR 11,08 dan infrequently early detection p=0,032;OR 5.18).

Keyword : Breast cancer; Breast screening retardation; Sanglah Hospital.
Pengetahuan, Deteksi Dini dan Vaksinasi HPV sebagai Faktor Pencegah Kanker Serviks di Kabupaten Sukoharjo
Authors: Kusumawati Yuli , Nugrahaningtyas Ridhiya Wiyasa , Rahmawati Eka Nurul
Published: March 2016

Penyakit non menular yang cukup mengkhawatirkan masyarakat terutama kaum wanita adalah kanker serviks. Perjalanan penyakit kanker yang sangat lambat sebenarnya  pada stadium awal prakanker dapat diketahui dengan melakukan deteksi dini papsmear  dan dapat dicegah dengan melakukan vaksinasi. Data di rumah sakit Kabupaten Sukoharjo, mulai tahun 2011 sampai 2013 selalu terdapat kejadian kanker serviks meskipun jumlahnya berfluktuatif.

            Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan, deteksi dini papsmear dan vaksinasi HPV dengan kejadian kanker serviks. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan case control study. Populasi adalah seluruh pasien wanita  yang tercatat di bangsal VK RSUD Sukoharjo sejak bulan Januari 2012 sampai bulan September 2013 yaitu sebanyak 759 orang. Sampel kasus diambil secara total dari kasus penderita kanker serviks di RSUD Kabupaten Sukoharjo hingga bulan September 2013 sebanyak 32 orang, sedangkan sampel kontrol diambil dengan jumlah yang sama secara simple random sampling dari pasien obgyn yang berada di ruang perawatan Bougenville RSUD Kabupaten Sukoharjo. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chy square dan Fisher Exact dan estimasi nilai OR dengan bantuan program SPSS di laboratorium komputer fakultas ilmu kesehatan Univrsitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.

            Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara perilaku deteksi dini pap smear dengan kejadian kanker serviks, tidak ada hubungan antara pengetahuan dengan kejadian kanker serviks, serta tidak ada hubungan antara vaksinasi HPV dengan  kejadian kanker serviks. Perilaku deteksi dini dengan papsmear dan vaksinasi belum terbukti sebagai factor pencegah kanker serviks.

Saran bagi wanita perlu mencari informasi yang benar tentang kanker serviks sehingga dapat melakukan upaya pencegahan dengan caramenghindari faktor risiko. Bagi petugas kesehatan memberikan sosialisasi tentang kanker serviks kepada masyarakat, agar masyarakat mempunyai pemahaman yang benar, mau melakukan deteksi dini dan melakukan vaksinasi HPV pelayanan kesehatan.

 
Partisipasi Masyarakat dalam Pembentukan Peraturan Daerah Tentang Penggunaan Label Batik Pekalongan
Authors: Rose Mutia Silvia
Published: March 2016

Partisipasi masyarakat adalah perwujudan dari masyarakat di dalam negara demokrasi, dimana pemerintahan yang di dasarkan kepada rakyat merupakan tujuan utama kehidupan berpolitik, baik dalam kebijakan maupun dalam tujuan pemerintahan. Perda Label Batik Pekalongan merupakan peraturan daerah yang mengatur tentang suatu tanda yang menunjukkan identitas dan ciri batik buatan Pekalongan yang terdiri dari tiga jenis yaitu batik tulis, batik cap atau batik kombinasi tulis dan cap. Tujuan dibentuknya Perda tersebut adalah agar masyarakat dan konsumen Batik Pekalongan tidak dirugikan akibat dari salah dalam membedakan jenis batik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa partisipasi masyarakat dalam pembentukan Perda tentang penggunaan label batik Pekalongan masih bersifat elitis, karena yang mendominasi mengikuti public hearing hanya pengusaha kelas atas yaitu seseorang atau kelompok orang yang memproduksi seni batik dalam bentuk tulis, cap dan kombinasi dalam jumlah besar, sudah mempunyai nama merek yang terkenal, dan pemasarannya sudah sangat luas baik di dalam negeri maupun di luar negeri. Partisipasi masyarakat dalam pembentukan perda tentang label batik pekalongan yang masih bersifat elitis dapat berpengaruh karakteristik produk hukum yang di hasilkan yaitu lebih menguntungkan pengusaha batik kelas atas, karena dalam pembuatan label batik Pekalongan merugikan dalam segi ekonomis bagi  pengusaha kelas menengah dan bawah.

Community participation is the embodiment of the people in a democracy, where the government is based on the people as the ultimate goal of political life, both in policy and administration purposes. Label the Perda Batik Pekalongan local regulation of Batik Pekalongan Label is a sign which indicates the identity and characteristics of batik from Pekalongan which consists of three types of batik, batik or batik and stamp combination. Purpose of the establishment of the regulation is that the public and consumers are not harmed Batik Pekalongan result of incorrect in distinguishing the types of batik. The result of this research indicates that participation in the formation of legislation on the use of Pekalongan batik label still elitist, because that dominate following the public hearing only top-class entrepreneurs is a person or group of people who produce batik art in written form, stamp and combinations in bulk, already has a well-known brand names, and marketing has been very widely both domestically and abroad. Public participation in the formation of regulations about labeling Pekalongan batik is still elitist may influence the characteristics of a legal product that produced batik entrepreneurs are more favorable upper classes, as in the manufacture of Pekalongan batik label in terms of economic harm to employers middle and lower classes.
Pengamanan dan Penengakan Hukum di Perairan Indonesia sebagai Konsekuensi Penetapan Alur Laut Kepulauan Indonesia (ALKI)
Authors: Yustitianingtyas Levina
Published: March 2016

Posisi Indonesia sangat strategis menjadi jalur pelayaran perdangan dunia. Alur Laut Kepulauan Indonesia (ALKI) menjadi jalur pelayaran bagi perekonomian dunia rentan terhadap kriminalitas di lautan, seperti perompakan terhadap kapal-kapal dagang dan kapal yang bermuatan ekonomis lainnya. Penelitian ini mengangkat permasalahan tentang bagaimana upaya pengamanan dan penegakan hukum di perairan Indonesia terkait dengan penetapan alur laut kepulauan Indonesia. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa meskipun telah dilaksanakan kerjasama antara angkatan laut Indonesia dengan angkatan laut Negara lain, akan tetapi kasus perompakan masih sering terjadi, hal ini dikarenakan luasnya serta minimnya kapal patroli untuk menegakkan keamanan di lautan.

Indonesia strategic position that is becoming a very important shipping lanes for cruise lines and world trade. ALKI the shipping lane for the world economy makes prone to criminality in the sea. Until now prevalent crime committed by pirates against merchant vessels and ships and other economically. This research addressess the question of how the efforts of security and law enforcement in Indonesian waters associated with the establishment of archipelagic sea lanes Indonesia. The result of the research reveal taht although it has been implemented between the Indonesian navy cooperation with navies of other countries, but cases of piracy is still often the case, this is because the breadth and the lack of patrol vessels to enforce security at sea.
Kajian Undang-Undang Administrasi Pemerintahan dalam Kaitan dengan Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara
Authors: Putriyanti Ayu
Published: March 2016

Penatalaksanaan penyelenggaraan pemerintahan dan pengujian terhadap keputusan tata usaha negara dilakukan agar menjadi jelas dan memberi kepastian hukum. Dengan keluarnya UU No 30 Tahun 2014 tentang administrasi pemerintahan maka diperlukan penyelarasan dan penyesuaian atas peraturan peradilan tata usaha negara. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan undang-undang (statute approach) dan penelitian hukum doctrinal. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa batas antara Pengadilan Umum dengan Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara dalam memutus sengketa dibidang hokum dibedakan atas jenis perkaranya. Pengadilan umum memutus perkara dibidang perdata dan hokum pidana. Seangkan PTUN memutus perkara gugatan terhadapa perbuatan hokum pemerintah. Adapun penerapan prinsip-prinsip good governance dan AAUPB memiliki persamaan dan perbedaan, yang antara keduanya saling memiliki hubungan untuk mewujudkan pemerintahan yang baik dan sesuai hukum.

Management of the administration and testing of state administrative decisions made in order to become clear and provide legal certainty. With the issuance of Law No. 30 of 2014 on government administration will require alignment and adjustment to regulatory administrative courts. This research use a statute approach and doctrinal legal research. These results indicate that the boundary between the General Court to the Administrative Court to rule on the dispute in the field of law distinguished on the type of his case. General court deciding the case in the field of civil and criminal law. Seangkan administrative court deciding the case of legal action lawsuit terhadapa government. The application of the principles of good governance and Good Governance Principles have similarities and differences, which between them have a relationship with each other to realize good governance according to law.
Relevansi Hukum Pidana Adat Dalam Pembaharuan Hukum Pidana di Indonesia
Authors: Astuti Galuh Faradhilah Yuni
Published: March 2016

Penelitian ini mengkaji dua persoalan pokok. Pertama, relevansi Hukum Pidana Adat sebagai kontribusi dalam pembaharuan Hukum Pidana di Indoneisa. Kedua, penerapan hukum dalam penyelesaian tindak pidana berdasarkan Hukum Pidana Adat di Suku Tengger. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kontribusi Hukum Pidana Adat, berupa penyelesaian perkara di luar pengadilan atau mediasi penal yang dilakukan masyarakat atau masyarakat adat secara turun temurun, sudah relevan dengan pembaharuan Hukum Pidana di Indonesia. Praktik semacam ini selaras dengan nilai dan cita-cita Bangsa Indonesia, sesuai dengan sila keempat Pancasila sebagai dasar negara. Selain itu selaras dengan ide keseimbangan Hukum Pidana, teori sifat melawan hukum, pemenuhan kewajiban adat serta perluasan asas legalitas. Masyarakat Adat Suku Tengger menggunakan mediasi penal sebagai alternatif pertama dalam menyelesaikan perselisihan atau tindak  pidana yang terjadi pada daerah mereka, kemudian menyerahkan kepada pihak yang berwajib ketika mediasi penal tidak mencapai kesepakatan yang adil.

This study examines two key issues. First, the relevance of Criminal Customary Law as a contribution to the renewal of Criminal Law at Indoneisa. Second, application of the law in the resolution of a criminal offense under the Criminal Customary Law in Tengger tribe. These results indicate that the contribution of Criminal Customary Law, in the form of settling disputes out of court or penal mediation conducted community or indigenous peoples from generation to generation, it is relevant to the Criminal Law reform in Indonesia. Such practices are aligned with the values and ideals of the Indonesian nation, according to the fourth principle of Pancasila as the state. Moreover tune with the idea of the balance of the Criminal Law, the theory of nature against the law, customary obligations fulfillment and expansion of the principle of legality. Indigenous Peoples Tengger tribe using penal mediation as the first alternative in resolving disputes or criminal acts that occur in their area, and then handed over to the authorities when the penal mediation does not reach a fair deal.
PRIVATE ISSUES IN PESAT IN LATE COLONIAL JAVA
Authors: Amini Mutiah
Published: March 2016

Pesat was a local newspaper in Semarang published in the 1940s during the late colonial era. The establishment of Pesat could not be separated from the couple of I.M. Sajoeti and S.K. Trimurti, the owners of the newspaper, who were best-known as activitists of Political Party and senior journalists in Semarang at that time. As a local newspaper, the content of this publication differed considerably from the other local newspaper which mostly focused on news and advertisements. Pesat continuously published some information that had not been addressed by the media anywhere before. Pesat published transparently on the problems of family life and household. In particular, Pesat pointed the problems of marriage which placed women in domestic area in which they were not permitted to speak about the problems they were facing to other people in the public domain. This meant that a matter concerning the life of household which was previously considered private space was now published as news available to newspaper readers.

Keywords: Pesat, private, colonial, Semarang, Java.

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Pesat adalah sebuah koran lokal di Semarang yang diterbitkan pada 1940-an selama era kolonial akhir. Pembentukan Pesat tak lepas dari pasangan IM Sajoeti dan SK Trimurti, pemilik surat kabar, yang dikenal sebagai aktifis Partai Politik dan wartawan senior di Semarang pada waktu itu. Sebagai koran lokal, isi dari publikasi ini berbeda jauh dari koran lokal lainnya yang berfokus pada berita dan iklan. Pesat terus menerbitkan beberapa informasi yang belum ditangani oleh media manapun sebelumnya. Dalam publikasi mereka, Pesat dipublikasikan secara transparan pada kehidupan masalah keluarga dalam rumah tangga. Secara khusus, diangkat masalah seputar pernikahan yang menempatkan perempuan dalam ruang domestik dan perempuan tidak diperbolehkan untuk berbicara tentang masalah yang mereka hadapi kepada orang lain dalam domain publik. Ini berarti bahwa masalah yang berkenaan dengan kehidupan rumah tangga yang sebelumnya dianggap ruang pribadi yang ada di luar keluarga diizinkan untuk tahu tentang itu sekarang telah diterbitkan sebagai berita tersedia bagi pembaca surat kabar.

Kata kunci: Pesat, pribadi, kolonial, Semarang, Jawa.

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Successful weight loss maintenance includes long-term increased meal responses of GLP-1 and PYY3–36
Authors: Iepsen Eva W , Lundgren Julie , Holst Jens J , Madsbad Sten , Torekov Signe S
Published: March 2016

Objective

The hormones glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), peptide YY3-36(PYY3–36), ghrelin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon have all been implicated in the pathogenesis of obesity. However, it is unknown whether they exhibit adaptive changes with respect to postprandial secretion to a sustained weight loss.

Design

The study was designed as a longitudinal prospective intervention study with data obtained at baseline, after 8 weeks of weight loss and 1 year after weight loss.

Methods

Twenty healthy obese individuals obtained a 13% weight loss by adhering to an 8-week very low-calorie diet (800kcal/day). After weight loss, participants entered a 52-week weight maintenance protocol. Plasma levels of GLP-1, PYY3–36, ghrelin, GIP and glucagon during a 600-kcal meal were measured before weight loss, after weight loss and after 1 year of weight maintenance. Area under the curve (AUC) was calculated as total AUC (tAUC) and incremental AUC (iAUC).

Results

Weight loss was successfully maintained for 52 weeks. iAUC for GLP-1 increased by 44% after weight loss (P<0.04) and increased to 72% at week 52 (P=0.0001). iAUC for PYY3–36increased by 74% after weight loss (P<0.0001) and by 36% at week 52 (P=0.02). tAUC for ghrelin increased by 23% after weight loss (P<0.0001), but at week 52, the increase was reduced to 16% compared with before weight loss (P=0.005). iAUC for GIP increased by 36% after weight loss (P=0.001), but returned to before weight loss levels at week 52. Glucagon levels were unaffected by weight loss.

Conclusions

Meal responses of GLP-1 and PYY3–36remained increased 1 year after weight maintenance, whereas ghrelin and GIP reverted toward before-weight loss values. Thus, an increase in appetite inhibitory mechanisms and a partly decrease in appetite-stimulating mechanisms appear to contribute to successful long-term weight loss maintenance.
Wnt/Wingless Pathway Activation Is Promoted by a Critical Threshold of Axin Maintained by the Tumor Suppressor APC and the ADP-Ribose Polymerase Tankyrase
Authors: Wang Zhenghan , Tacchelly-Benites Ofelia , Yang Eungi , Thorne Curtis A , Nojima Hisashi , Lee Ethan , Ahmed Yashi
Published: March 2016

Wnt/β-catenin signal transduction directs metazoan development and is deregulated in numerous human congenital disorders and cancers. In the absence of Wnt stimulation, a multiprotein “destruction complex,” assembled by the scaffold protein Axin, targets the key transcriptional activator β-catenin for proteolysis. Axin is maintained at very low levels that limit destruction complex activity, a property that is currently being exploited in the development of novel therapeutics for Wnt-driven cancers. Here, we use an in vivo approach in Drosophila to determine how tightly basal Axin levels must be controlled for Wnt/Wingless pathway activation, and how Axin stability is regulated. We find that for nearly all Wingless-driven developmental processes, a three- to fourfold increase in Axin is insufficient to inhibit signaling, setting a lower-limit for the threshold level of Axin in the majority of in vivo contexts. Further, we find that both the tumor suppressor adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and the ADP-ribose polymerase Tankyrase (Tnks) have evolutionarily conserved roles in maintaining basal Axin levels below this in vivo threshold, and we define separable domains in Axin that are important for APC- or Tnks-dependent destabilization. Together, these findings reveal that both APC and Tnks maintain basal Axin levels below a critical in vivo threshold to promote robust pathway activation following Wnt stimulation.
Conditional oscillation of Euler type half-linear differential equations with unbounded coefficients
Authors: Jaroš Jaroslav , Veselý Michal
Published: March 2016

The oscillatory properties of half-linear second order Euler type differential equations are studied, where the coefficients of the considered equations can be unbounded. For these equations, we prove an oscillation criterion and a non-oscillation one. We also mention a corollary which shows how our criteria improve the known results. In the corollary, the criteria give an explicit oscillation constant.
Felvetések a Budapesti történeti gyárépületek homlokzati kialakításával kapcsolatban
Authors: Pilsitz Martin
Published: March 2016

Míg a történeti gyárépületek alaprajzi kialakítása és az egyes épületek telephelyen belüli elhelyezése alapvetően a célszerűség elvét követte, az építmények homlokzati megoldásai számos esetben ettől eltérően kerültek kialakításra, amivel kapcsolatban már eddig is számos elmélet és értelmezés született. A budapesti történeti gyárépületek példáján keresztül vázolom fel, hogy milyen – a műszaki szükségszerűségen túlmutató – tényezők befolyásolták a történeti gyárépületek külső kialakítását. Az adott építési helyszínek építészeti sajátosságai mellett ezek közé a tényezők közé sorolom a korszakban megrendezett ipari kiállításokat is, amelyek véleményem szerint a fokozottan reprezentatív megjelenés iránti növekvő igény felkeltésével komoly befolyással bírtak a történeti gyárépületek külső kialakítására. A Feszl Frigyes életművének fontos részét képező, 1860-ban épült kőbányai Dreher Sörfőzde homlokzatát is elemzem. Fontos szempontként vizsgálom, hogy miként gyakoroltak befolyást a 19. században megjelenő és egyre népszerűbbé váló ipari kiállítások a korabeli budapesti gyárépületek homlokzati kialakítására. A Zwack Likőrgyár építészeti fejlődéstörténetének vizsgálata keretében kitérek a korszak történeti gyárépületeinek városi térben megjelenő homlokzatai és a környező köztér között feszülő kölcsönhatás izgalmas szempontjaira is. Egyúttal újabb szemponttal bővítem azoknak a feltételeknek a körét, amelyek teljesülése esetén a történeti ipari épületek homlokzatai napjainkban műemléknek tekinthetők.
Komárom Duna-partjának várostörténete a kezdetektől 1945-ig
Authors: Tamáska Máté
Published: March 2016

A tanulmány célja, hogy Komárom városfejlődésén keresztül bemutassa a város és a Duna-part, illetve a Duna két partjának történeti kapcsolatrendszerét. Komárom szerkezetének sajátossága kiemelt hadászati jelentősége, amelyet elsőként, mint török kori végvár élt meg. Ebben az időben a Duna túlpartján feltehetően már korábban létező településkezdeményezések elpusztultak. A 18. században, mint kereskedőváros, jelentős fejlődést tudhat magáénak, ám gazdasági jelentősége ellenére városképe egyszerű maradt. A 19. századtól ismét erőd jellege válik a meghatározóvá, a Duna-part stratégiai hídfőit elfoglalják a katonai létesítmények. Csupán a 20. század első évtizedeiben kerül sor a déli és az északi part egybekapcsolására, ami nemcsak a hidat jelenti, hanem az északi hídfő körül akkoriban kiépülő reprezentatív teresedést és parkot is. A két világháború között a frissen egyesített várost határ szeli ketté. A közös városi zónát, így mindenekelőtt a hídfők környékét, illetve általában a Duna-partokat elfoglalják az ipari létesítmények. A két város közé ékelődő ipari zóna azóta is meghatározó szerkezeti eleme a városnak.
The Balaton region as an experimental territory. Positions of architecture in the emergence of regional planning for recreation in Hungary
Authors: Wettstein Domonkos
Published: March 2016

The social and professional role of the 1957 Balaton Regional Outline Plan became a reference within the Hungarian architectural community, despite its numerous contradictions in methodology and the contemporary planning history context. Evaluation of the planning process becomes possible by accessing the legacy of chief architect Tibor Farkas. The goal of the study is to put the development of the Balaton region into the context of planning history. This is a chance to outline the characteristics of the pragmatic development by comparing the method of the plan to the traditions of regional aesthetics and ecological methods rooted in Patrick Geddes, and also to the contemporary planning models, with special emphasis on the defining role of architects in planning and implementation. Even though regional planning in the international practice is a multidisciplinary field, the Hungarian practice heavily relied on the involvement of architects and urban planning experts who have made an effective connection among different styles by striving to achieve the synthesis of landscape aesthetics. This was an innovative approach even by international standards, given the importance of the landscape of the recreation area. The importance of the plan is further emphasized by the early successes in the implementation, which were made possible by its institutional background having such a wide scope of authorities. The study examines the work of architects in different positions during the implementation phase, focusing mainly on Tibor Farkas, whose coordinating role and personal influence were keys to the success of the plan. Even though the plan was made considering pragmatic views and scarce funding, it is evident from the publications that the international community took interest, especially the Team X by the project participant architect Charles Polónyi and finally in 1965 the plan was awarded the UIA international grand prize.
Rasionalitas Gerakan Kewirausahaan Organisasi Tarekat Siddîqîyah di Jombang
Authors: Munir Misbahul
Published: March 2016

This article aims to reveal the values of local wisdom explored from the teachings of the Siddîqîyah order which drives the emergence of high spirit of entrepreneur-ship. The article demonstrates that the spirit of entrepreneur-ship within the Siddîqîyah order is strongly related to its teachings, doctrines and culture, such as that of the unity between faith and humanity, the eight points of readiness for the Siddîqîyah membership, and the doctrine of ‘santri’ (disciple). In attempts to earn living, they run business enterprise through promoting the principle of hard-work and good business management, in addition to implementing spiritual and social capital in achieving success in business. They believe in and feel the strength of prayer (du‘â’), certain rituals, and the importance of belief and harmony to achieve success in business. The teachings, doctrines and culture of the Siddîqîyah order influence the understanding towards the meaning of wealth or property, and occupy an important position in the life of the Siddîqîyah followers. For them, property or wealth has double meaning; it is not only meant in economic context, but also understood in other meanings, i.e., social, spiritual, cultural, and philosophical.
Where to Turn for Second-Line Cytoreduction After Hydroxyurea in Polycythemia Vera?
Authors: Nazha Aziz , Gerds Aaron T.
Published: March 2016

The goals of therapy in patients with polycythemia vera (PV) are to improve disease-related symptoms, prevent the incidence or recurrence of thrombosis, and possibly delay or prevent the transformation into myelofibrosis or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Cytoreductive therapies have been used in older patients and those with a history of thrombosis to achieve these goals. Hydroxyurea (HU) remains the first-line cytoreductive choice; however, up to one in four patients treated with HU over time will develop resistance or intolerance to HU. More importantly, patients who fail HU have a 5.6-fold increase in mortality and a 6.8-fold increase risk of transformation to myelofibrosis or AML; therefore, alternative therapies are needed for these patients. Interferon-α has been used in PV and has shown significant activity in achieving hematologic responses and decreasing JAK2 V617F mutation allele burden. JAK inhibition has also been investigated and recently garnered regulatory approval for this indication. In this review, we will discuss the current treatment options that are available for patients after HU and the novel therapies that are currently under investigation.
Financial Burden of Cancer Clinical Trial Participation and the Impact of a Cancer Care Equity Program
Authors: Nipp Ryan D. , Lee Hang , Powell Elizabeth , Birrer Nicole E. , Poles Emily , Finkelstein Daniel , Winkfield Karen , Percac-Lima Sanja , Chabner Bruce , Moy Beverly
Published: March 2016

Introduction.

Cancer clinical trial (CT) participation rates are low and financial barriers likely play a role. We implemented a cancer care equity program (CCEP) to address financial burden associated with trial participation. We sought to examine the impact of the CCEP on CT enrollment and to assess barriers to participation.

Methods.

We used an interrupted time series design to determine trends in CT enrollment before and after CCEP implementation. Linear regression models compared trial enrollment before and after the CCEP. We also compared patient characteristics before and after the CCEP and between CCEP and non-CCEP participants. We surveyed CCEP and non-CCEP participants to compare pre-enrollment financial barriers.

Results.

After accounting for increased trial availability and the trends in accrual for prior years, we found that enrollment increased after CCEP implementation (18.97 participants per month greater than expected; p < .001). A greater proportion of CCEP participants were younger, female, in phase I trials, lived farther away, had lower incomes, and had metastatic disease. Of 87 participants who completed the financial barriers survey, 49 CCEP and 38 matched, non-CCEP participants responded (63% response rate). CCEP participants were more likely to report concerns regarding finances (56% vs. 11%), medical costs (47% vs. 14%), travel (69% vs. 11%), lodging (60% vs. 9%), and insurance coverage (43% vs. 14%) related to trial participation (all p < .01).

Conclusion.

CT participation increased following implementation of the CCEP and the program enrolled patients experiencing greater financial burden. These findings highlight the need to address the financial burden associated with CT participation.
A new attempt to discover the covert recognition of faces
Authors: Meshcheryakov B.G. , Nazarov A.I. , Chesnokova L.G. , Yushchenkova D.V.
Published: March 2016

The article describes an experiment which used a new methodological approach to the study of covert recognition of faces by means of registration electro-dermal activity under short-term exposure of familiar and unfamiliar faces and the backward facelike masking stimulus. In contrast to previous studies the control of stimulus awareness allows us to evaluate not just the correct recognitions, but false alarms too. We used as the familiar faces not faces of the well-known persons, but faces of persons from the inner circle of subjects, including the subject’s own face. We confirmed the hypothesis that the characteristics of the electro-dermal reactions in response to familiar and unfamiliar faces will not be different in subjects with a high level of false alarms. However, for the group of subjects with practically zero false alarm rate and zero discriminability of familiar and unfamiliar faces an analysis of electro-dermal reactions have been mixed. On the one hand, as analysis on a group level showed, nor electrocutaneous reactions frequency, nor their amplitudes were not significantly different for the familiar and unfamiliar faces. On the other hand, it is clearly that these individual median and mean values of the amplitudes of subject's reactions are in average more than 2 times stronger when viewed familiar faces than viewed unfamiliar ones. These results leave a good chance to prove the effect of covert identification of faces in further experimentation with other groups of subjects
Perception of health by photos of children faces
Authors: Nikitina E.A.
Published: March 2016

This work is devoted to study of the perception and recognition of features and characteristics of a human face that determine such important characteristic of man, as his health. However, the ambiguity of the interpretation of the term “health” in psychological literature leads to certain difficulties in operationalization of this concept and formalization of criteria of its assessment. The results of the study indicate the need for the study of perception, not only concerning the permanent characteristics of the human face, but also the importance of taking into account the variable parameters - facial expressions and complexion
Microdynamics of perceptual trustworthiness in perception of facial expressions
Authors: Diveev D.A. , Demidov A.A.
Published: March 2016

The article discusses the phenomenon of «perceptual trust» and its formation in micro intervals of time. The results of two empirical studies of trust’s perceptual estimates by human faces in various aspects of time exposure was revealed. In the first study, the following values of the time exposure used: 100,250 and 1000 ms. It is shown that the value for adequacy of perceptual trust are the highest exposure at 250 ms, and the least at 1000 ms. It is suggested that the evaluation of perceptual trust depends not only on the time of the demonstration of human facial expressions, sex, but also on the expression of human face. Wider range of exposure time values was used in the second study, 100, 300, 500, 1000 and 3000 to 1000 ms. As of stimulus images were made by representatives of persons Caucasoid, Mongoloid and Negroid racial groups. As the subjects were made by representatives of the Mongoloid racial group. The relationship between the adequacy of the perceptual trust evaluations and race of subjects and models are tested and evaluated models was revealed. The main result of the research can be considered a lack of empirical fixation unambiguous relationship between the level of trust in the person being evaluated and the duration of the perception of his face.
Finisterra. Biografia de uma revista de geografia (1966-2015)
Authors: Alcoforado Maria João Alcoforado , Alegria Maria Fernanda , Queirós Margarida , Garcia Ricardo A. C. , Morgado Paulo , Vieira Rute
Published: March 2016

Com a publicação do número 100, celebram-se os 50 anos de Finisterra. Revista Portuguesa de Geografia (1966-2015). Neste texto biográfico, depois de um breve enquadramento, que situa o nascimento da revista, reconstitui-se o percurso das suas estruturas organizativas desde o primeiro número, analisam-se os tipos de textos publicados ao longo do tempo e faz-se uma análise minuciosa e ilustrada dos artigos durante os 50 anos de existência (autores, espaços e temas tratados, idiomas, ilustrações). As principais fases do percurso da revista replicam de algum modo aspectos evolutivos da Geografia. A fase de lançamento (1966-1975) da Finisterra, concebida desde início como uma publicação internacional, acompanhou o aumento do número de geógrafos, bem como o confronto de ideias e de correntes de pensamento contemporâneo. No período seguinte, de consolidação (1976-1994), iniciaram-se alterações nas estruturas organizativas e no aspecto gráfico, ao mesmo tempo que se divulgavam novos temas de investigação geográfica. No período de alterações estruturais (1995-1999) criaram-se outros órgãos consultivos externos, novas normas de publicação e diferentes formas de apresentação dos textos. Pode dizer-se que se lançaram as bases para a fase seguinte, estandardização de procedimentos, internacionalização e difusão em acesso aberto (2000-2015). Nestes anos mantiveram-se as preocupações com o controlo de qualidade dos textos e o aumento da difusão da revista, agora facilitada pela era digital. Em todas as fases, foi determinante o papel dos revisores científicos, cujo empenho silencioso, anónimo e gracioso nos apraz destacar nesta celebração dos 100 números da Finisterra. Parafraseando Ruben A. “o geógrafo não cansa, avança”: são estas as perspectivas para a nova fase, que se iniciará em 2016.
Um Espaço que não é
Authors: Calapez Pedro
Published: March 2016

Um Espaço que não é
Três conversas de espaço
Authors: Nóvoa António , Nóvoa André
Published: March 2016

O melhor é voltar atrás, ao começo de tudo. Há mil anos (ou mais),
alguém repara atentamente numa garrafa cheia de água e
descobre a primeira objectiva. Lá está a imagem da realidade,
quando os raios solares passam através da água.
Carlos de Oliveira
O espaço global de que fazemos parte
Authors: Lago Teresa
Published: March 2016

Aqui, será o “espaço” físico, o objecto. Para ir direita ao assunto, proponho: numa noite límpida e sem luar deite-se na relva, num local não poluído pela iluminação; olhe bem para o “céu” profundo, esmagador, nos milhares de objectos cintilantes. Contemple a sua beleza. E lembre-se que ocupa uma “nave” que se desloca, nesse espaço, a cerca de 29,8 km/s, em torno de uma estrela (como tantas outras…), o Sol. Mas tenha em conta que, em simultâneo, também ele (e todo o sistema solar) rodam a cerca de 220 km/s em torno do centro da Via Láctea, que pode vislumbrar sobre si, deslumbrante.