bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Data management in microservices
Authors: Laigner Rodrigo , Zhou Yongluan , Salles Marcos Antonio Vaz , Liu Yijian , Kalinowski Marcos
Published: October 2021

Microservices have become a popular architectural style for data-driven applications, given their ability to functionally decompose an application into small and autonomous services to achieve scalability, strong isolation, and specialization of database systems to the workloads and data formats of each service. Despite the accelerating industrial adoption of this architectural style, an investigation of the state of the practice and challenges practitioners face regarding data management in microservices is lacking. To bridge this gap, we conducted a systematic literature review of representative articles reporting the adoption of microservices, we analyzed a set of popular open-source microservice applications, and we conducted an online survey to cross-validate the findings of the previous steps with the perceptions and experiences of over 120 experienced practitioners and researchers.

Through this process, we were able to categorize the state of practice of data management in microservices and observe several foundational challenges that cannot be solved by software engineering practices alone, but rather require system-level support to alleviate the burden imposed on practitioners. We discuss the shortcomings of state-of-the-art database systems regarding microservices and we conclude by devising a set of features for microservice-oriented database systems.
Methotrexate related cutaneous adverse drug reactions: a systematic literature review
Authors: Zuber Mohammed , Harikrishna  , Vidhyashree  , Chhabra Manik , Venkataraman Rajesh , Kumar Sathish , Rashid Muhammed
Published: October 2021

Objectives

Recently, there is an increased number of reports being published on Methotrexate (MTX) related cutaneous manifestations. We aimed to identify and critically appraise descriptive studies describing the MTX related skin manifestations, treatment approach, and their outcomes.

Methodology

An extensive literature search was performed in the PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases from inception to April 2021 without any restrictions along with the bibliographic search of included studies, grey literature search, and a snowball search was performed in Google and Google Scholar to identify the relevant literature. Descriptive studies reporting MTX related cutaneous manifestations were considered for the review. The study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment were conducted by two independent reviewers and any disagreements were settled by consensus with the third reviewer.

Results

31 out of 8,365 descriptive studies including 38 patients (22 females and 16 males) aged between 12 and 78 years prescribed for the management of rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, and psoriasis were included in this review. Toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), papular eruption, vasculitis, erosions of psoriasis, ulcerated psoriatic plaques, local reactions, keratinocyte dystrophy, erythema multiforme, drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, Steven Johnson syndrome and photosensitive dermatitis were the majority of MTX induced cutaneous reactions. Immediate withdrawal of MTX, providing appropriate care with anti-inflammatory, topical steroids, and supplementation with folic acid were reported to be effective for the management of the MTX related cutaneous manifestations.

Conclusions

Clinicians and healthcare professionals should be aware of possible acute cutaneous drug reactions induced by MTX to avoid further consequences and fatal conditions. Immediate withdrawal of MTX and supportive care were reported as an efficacious therapeutic management of acute cutaneous drug reactions.

PROSPERO Registration number

CRD42020220038.
Carry Trade, Exchange Rates, and the Balance-of-Payments
Authors: Barbosa-Filho Nelson H.
Published: October 2021

This paper presents a partial equilibrium model that integrates interest rate arbitrage with the balance-of-payments constraint to determine the real exchange rate. The sequential logic is the following: (i) carry-trade determines the term premium, with the spot rate showing greater volatility than the forward rate, (ii) uncovered interest rate parity determines the spot rate based on the real exchange rate consistent with a financial constraint, defined as a stable ratio of foreign reserves to foreign debt; and (iii) the trade balance consistent with the financial constraint determines the long-run real exchange rate for a given ratio of domestic to foreign income.
Trypanotolerance Sheko cattle: an option for sustainable control of bovine trypanosomiasis
Authors: Robi Dereje Tulu , Hurrisa Beksisa Urge , Gelalcha Benti Deresa
Published: October 2021

Trypanosomiasis is an impediment to cattle production and other agricultural development in tsetse-infested areas. It is a severe parasitic disease that causes loss in the production and performance of cattle. Hence, the aim of this paper is to review trypanosomiasis control options with emphasis on the use of trypanotolerant Sheko cattle breed for sustainable management of bovine trypanosomiasis in tsetse infested areas. Several methods have been used to control trypanosomiasis through the use of trypanocidal drugs and the management of the vector, tsetse fly. Tsetse fly controls require expensive insecticides and have adverse environmental consequences. Trypanocidal drugs are commonly used and considered a practical trypanosomiasis control method. However, the rise in trypanocidal drug resistance has rendered this option ineffective. The possibility of developing and using a vaccine against trypanosomiasis currently remains out of reach as Trypanosoma periodically undergo antigenic variation. In the absence of a vaccine, presence of trypanocidal drug resistance, and the lack of sustainable tsetse fly control measures demand the need to use trypanotole-rant cattle breeds. The Sheko breed which is found only in southwestern Ethiopia displays considerable natural resistance to tsetse-transmitted trypanosomiasis. This genetic resource provides sustainable solution for challenges related to trypanosomiasis. These cattle have a low level of parasitemia and are able to maintain a good packed cell volume (PCV) compared to other indigenous breeds. As several trypanosomiasis control methods are ineffective, the use of trypanotolerance cattle like Sheko breed in tsetse-fly-challenged areas was suggested.
Plantarycyny – biosynteza, mechanizm działania i potencjał w zapewnianiu bezpieczeństwa żywności
Authors: Szafrańska Jagoda , Polak-Berecka Magdalena
Published: October 2021

Scharakteryzowano właściwości, strukturę oraz spektrum aktywności plantarycyn wytwarzanych przez niektóre szczepy Lactobacillus. Przedstawiono ich klasyfikację, mechanizm biosyntezy, modele działania na inne bakterie oraz stabilność. Plantarycyny są dość różnorodne pod względem właściwości fizykochemicznych, struktury i spektrum aktywności przeciwdrobnoustrojowej. Szczepy Lactobacillus plantarum zdolne do syntezy plantarycyn należą do mikroorganizmów najczęściej obecnych w fermentowanych produktach spożywczych, a także w napojach i innych wyrobach z dodatkiem mleka. Budowa cząsteczek, ich stabilność oraz mechanizm działania sprawiają, że plantarycyny charakteryzują się skutecznym działaniem bakteriobójczym. Ze względu na niewielką oporność organizmów patogennych na te substancje mogą być one alternatywą dla wielu stosowanych obecnie związków o działaniu przeciwdrobnoustrojowym. Plantarycyny wpływają na zahamowanie wzrostu drobnoustrojów chorobotwórczych, a w konsekwencji na poprawę zdrowia człowieka. Z uwagi na coraz większe zainteresowanie produktami naturalnymi plantarycyny mogą w przyszłości znaleźć zastosowanie w różnych gałęziach przemysłu. Wyniki badań dotyczące ich wykorzystania mogą stać się podstawą do projektowania efektywnych preparatów probiotycznych, kultur starterowych do produkcji fermentowanej żywności czy nowych metod zabezpieczania żywności, co w konsekwencji wpłynie na poprawę zdrowia i jakości życia człowieka.
Pedagogy of gamification
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Dakhin Alexander Nikolayevich
Published: October 2021

The article deals with the issues of didactic support of students ‘ play activities that contribute to improving the effectiveness of education. Gamification is exactly the tool that ensures the motivated involvement of students in the cognitive sphere, and social, physical and communicative activity is the applied result of the introduction of this tool into the structure of both general and pedagogical education. The purpose of this article is to present the methodological grounds for the use of the game both in the organization of children’s recreation and in the didactic provision of pedagogical education that can apply gamification for pedagogical purposes. The issues raised are especially relevant in the conditions of excessive fascination of teenagers with all kinds of computer games, which causes concern for their “digital dementia”, since it is accompanied by the adoption of already programmed scenarios. Digital autism also causes alertness, which leads to physical inactivity and other somatic problems. Practice insistently requires researchers to put the modern socio-cultural phenomenon, which is gamification, at the service of modern education with an appropriate pedagogical justification.
Natural scientific literacy in biology assignments formed by the teacher
Authors:   MAOU Gymnasium No. 7 “Sibirskaya”, Pimonova Elena Yuryevna , Rybakova Tatyana Vasilevna ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
Published: October 2021

The article is devoted to the actual problem of independent construction by teachers of tasks for the formation and assessment of the formation of natural science literacy within the content of the school biology course. Natural science literacy is a component of functional literacy – the central concept of the modern approach to determining educational achievements in the world practice of research of educational systems of different countries. The purpose of the article is to present the results of the study of identifying problems and approaches to the design of tasks aimed at the formation of natural science literacy within the framework of the educational subject “biology”. For this purpose, the concepts of tasks for the formation and assessment of the formation of natural science literacy in the framework of the PISA study are considered, as well as strategies for constructing such tasks are developed. The paper provides an example of step-by-step implementation of the developed strategies, author’s tasks with detailed characteristics of the questions. Based on the results of the study, conclusions were formed that it is possible to distinguish a sequence of actions for designing tasks and the availability of these actions for teachers. The experience of designing tasks will have a positive impact on the efficiency of including tasks in the educational process.
Gamification model in a pedagogical university on the example of teaching mathematics
Authors:   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Kovshova Yuliya Nikolayevna , Sukhonosenko Marina Nikolayevna ,   Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
Published: October 2021

The purpose of the article is building a model of the future teachers’ learning process gamification, its illustration with some results of the development and implementation of games in the practice of teaching mathematics in a pedagogical university based on scientific and methodological foundations and on our own experience. The article substantiates the relevance of research in this direction and formulates a contradiction that leads to the problem of introducing gamification into the educational process of the university and the need to develop didactic and methodological materials. It presents this model in the form of a scheme and a detailed description, demonstrates the functioning of this model on specific examples of teaching mathematics to students of the Institute of Physical, Mathematical, Information and Economic Education of the Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University. The fragments of the developed games are given. According to the results of the study, it formulates the conclusions. It outline the prospects of work in the direction of using gamification in a pedagogical university.
Outdoor Education in Promoting Nature Appreciation: A Survey through Activity Enjoyment among Physical Education Students in a Public University
Authors: Mohamed Mawarni , Alpandi Siti Nurfatihah , Kamal Azlan Ahmad , Mohamed Ani Mazlina Dewi , Azwan Zaharul , Rahman Zarizi Abd , Fariduddin M. Nur , Zulkifli A. Fahim
Published: October 2021

Outdoor Education (OE) is usually associated with challenging activities and developing skills among students.  It also teaches learning through the interaction with the nature world which helps to educate for environmental appreciation. Is the frequency of involvement can determine the appreciation among its participants?  So, the objectives of this study are to identify the involvement of outdoor activities, its enjoyment of participation and its relationship with nature appreciation among undergraduate students in a higher learning institution in Malaysia. One hundred and sixty-nine (n=169) students who participated in this study were from a Physical and Health Education Program. Results from the study indicated high levels of participation with much pleasure from diverse outdoor activities in water and land based. Pearsonâ€™s correlation analysis was performed between each type of water and land-based activity with nature appreciation. Analyses were found to have significant relation of several activities with nature appreciation. Findings indicated a significant but weak relationship between the overall activities and nature appreciation among the students. It was suggested that integrating together new area of studies related to mother nature should be incorporated during the activities.
Constancia y fluctuaciones: una mirada al discurso de la política exterior costarricense ante la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas (2002-2015)
Authors: Cascante Segura Carlos Humberto
Published: October 2021

El artículo analiza el discurso de política exterior de Costa Rica en el Debate General de la Asamblea General de Naciones Unidas (AGONU). Para ello se recurre a una propuesta teórica basada en el comportamiento de los pequeños estados, el manejo y desarrollo del poder blando, así como el discurso como instrumento de ese tipo de poder. Metodológicamente, se emplea un método de análisis de contenido mixto, donde el componente cuantitativo se desarrolla a partir del software científico “Wordsmith 6.0”, cuyos resultados numéricos se estudian a partir del análisis cualitativo de conceptos.  A partir de ambas propuestas se establece la existencia de cuatro categorías fundamentales del discurso costarricense en ese foro: “derechos humanos”, “derecho internacional”, “desarme”, así como “protección del medio ambiente y desarrollo.” A partir de la determinación de estas se analizan los cambios y continuidades a lo largo de más de una década, lo que permite determinar que existe constancia en las categorías, pero fluctuaciones en la intensidad de su uso y en el contenido. La fluctuación, por consiguiente, es paradójicamente una constante en discurso costarricense, por lo que incluso iniciativas multilaterales vinculadas a las categorías descritas como el Consenso de Costa Rica (desarme-desarrollo) y Paz con la Naturaleza (ambiente) fueron desplazadas, pese a que su contenido continuó de alguna forma en el discurso, lo que muestra una de las debilidades del discurso de política exterior costarricense: su falta de constancia para construir entramados conceptuales más sólidos. Por otra parte, la intensidad con que se usa cada una de estas categorías se encuentra claramente vinculado con los intereses propios que tenga cada gobierno, sin que importe mucho el partido político a que este pertenezca. Se concluye, por ende, que la falta de constancia relativa en el contenido de las categorías tiende a debilitar el poder blando costarricense en tales espacios.
Prospects of Digital Dostoevsky
Authors: Zakharov Vladimir
Published: October 2021

There were several epochs in history that have altered the life of mankind. The first epoch was when the oral text was written down. The second was when the German scribe Guttenberg invented the printing press, and the handwritten text became printed. Now text is becoming digital, and there is a natural digitalization of all spheres of human activity, including the legacy of Dostoevsky. Modern information technologies create a new type of text that not only preserves the advantages of oral, handwritten and printed text, but also acquires new capabilities. The digital text expands the range of sources, the volume of information, and stimulates new methods of studying the writer's creative work. Despite the fact that electronic libraries, which currently dominate the Internet, present digital copies of Dostoevsky's printed publications, new types of electronic publications and new tools for analyzing not only handwritten and printed, but also digital text, are emerging. The idea of Digital Dostoevsky is being implemented in Petrozavodsk University projects (since 1995), the Institute of Russian Literature of the Russian Academy of Sciences (since 2016), and the University of Toronto (since 2019). Lexicographic work on Dostoevsky's vocabulary is being carried out in digital format at the Russian Language Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The article provides an overview and outlines the prospects for the development of Digital Dostoevsky. An important task of the global Digital Dostoevsky is the creation of national bibliographies and electronic libraries and publication of new sources related to the writer's life and work. It is necessary to create the conditions for optimizing and integrating the existing resources. The digital format allows to actively use new text analysis tools and information technology capabilities for research and educational purposes.
Cosmologias de antípodas
Authors: Neves Juliano C. S.
Published: October 2021

Nietzsche colocou-se como um antípoda a Platão. Mas em questões cosmológicas, o eterno retorno nietzschiano tem também alguns pontos em comum à cosmologia platônica descrita no Timeu. A finitude espacial, a ciclicidade cósmica e a ética cosmológica dizem respeito às semelhanças, já a infinitude temporal, a teleologia e a necessidade afastam os filósofos. Então, neste trabalho, aponto proximidades e afastamentos entre os dois filósofos em questões cosmológicas, além de sugerir alguma atualidade de suas concepções em relação à nossa ciência. Como veremos, a relação entre ética e cosmologia ainda se mostra atual.
Existe uma lógica jurídica?
Authors: Troster Tomás
Published: October 2021

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Nesting trends of olive ridley sea turtles Lepidochelys olivacea (Testudinata: Cheloniidae) on two beaches in Northwestern Mexico after 30 and 40 years of conservation
Authors: Sosa-Cornejo Ingmar , Martín-del-Campo Rodolfo , Contreras-Aguilar Hector R. , Enciso-Saracho Fernando , González-Camacho Zuleika Beatriz , Guardado-González Jesús I. , Campista-León Samuel , Peinado-Guevara Luz I.
Published: October 2021

Introduction: Although olive ridley sea turtles (Lepidochelys olivacea) are the most abundant sea turtles in the world, quantitative information is scarce and unevenly distributed among regions. There are many management and conservation programs for this species, and assessments are necessary to identify nesting trends and effectively manage current conservation programs. PROTORMAR-UAS is a Research and Conservation program for the olive ridley turtle created by the Autonomous University of Sinaloa, Mexico. The program utilizes two biological stations: Santuario Playa Ceuta (SPC) and Playa Caimanero (PC). Objective: To evaluate the nesting trend of olive ridley turtles on two beaches in Northwestern Mexico and to predict prospective nesting trends for the next 30 years. Methods: Using annual nesting data collected over 40 years at SPC (1976-2016) and 30 years at PC (1986-2016), we evaluated nesting trends, hatching success, predation and poaching of olive ridley turtles on the two beaches in Northwestern Mexico. Then, prospective nesting estimates for the next 30 years were calculated predictive time series model. Results: A positive and significant correlation was identified between the number of annual nests and time for both beaches (rho = 0.850, P ≤ 0.01 for SPC; rho = 0.677, P ≤ 0.01 for PC); the average hatching success rates were 65.09 at SPC and 60.72 % at PC. The predictive time-series model indicated that the numbers of nests will continue to increase through 2045, increasing three-fold at SPC and six-fold at PC with respect to the last year of monitoring. Conclusions: There was a clear positive trend in the number of olive ridley sea turtle nests at both sites, which is consistent with trends found in other recent studies from the region. Therefore, we suggest that PC be designated a legally protected nesting area since it is located within the latitudinal limits of olive ridley nesting and given the need for resources for camp operation considering increased nesting and current problems with predation and poaching. Because in Mexico operating a nesting beach without any protection status implies not having a budget for its management.
GRAIN QUALITY OF MUTANT LINES INDUCED IN MALTING BARLEY VARIETIES
Authors: Dyulgerova B. , Dyulgerov N.
Published: October 2021

Forty-three mutant lines selected on the base of their high grain yield along with parent varieties Kuber, Zagorets, Asparuh, and Imeon were grown in field trials at the Institute of Agriculture – Karnobat in three consecutive years. Eight physical and chemical characteristics of grain related to the grain quality of malting barley were measured. There was considerable variation among barley mutant lines for all studied traits. Mutant lines with higher extract content, grain uniformity, 1000 grain weight, and lower protein content in grain compared to parent varieties were found. The correlations among traits showed that improvement of extract content of mutant lines was associated with increased grain uniformity, starch content, grain size, and 1000 grain weight and reduced protein content. The results from cluster analysis indicated that mutants originated from the same parent were grouped into different clusters. Therefore, the sodium azide treatment effectively induced diverse types of changes in the grain characteristics.
POTT’S PUFFY TUMOR: A CASE REPORT
Authors: Stoyanov V. , Petkov D. , Bozdukova P.
Published: October 2021

Pott’s puffy tumor (PPT) is a rare complication of sinusitis characterized by osteomyelitis of the frontal bone with subperiosteal abscess presenting as frontal swelling. It was first described by Sir Percival Pott in 1768 in relation to frontal head trauma. Later, it was established that this entity is more common in relation to frontal sinusitis (1). In this article we report a case of PPT in a 17-year-old boy. CT scan confirmed subperiosteal abscess. At surgery, the subperiosteal abscess was drained and sequestrectomy of the affected frontal bone was done. Broad-spectrum antibiotics were given for 4 weeks. The patient recovered without residual problems and has remained well. PPT is now relatively uncommon and early diagnosis and prompt treatment is necessary to avoid further intracranial complications, which can be life-threatening.
Digital L2 Writing Literacies: Directions for Classroom Practice Ana Oskoz and Idoia Elola
Authors: Link Stephanie
Published: October 2021

Digital L2 Writing Literacies: Directions for Classroom Practice Ana Oskoz and Idoia Elola Sheffield, UK, and Bristol, CT: Equinox Publishing Ltd. US $ 34.00 ISBN 9781781796924 (Hardback) 287 pages 2020
Revisiting the TESOL Technology Standards for Teachers
Authors: Hubbard Philip
Published: October 2021

This article revisits the TESOL Technology Standards for Teachers (TTST) and discusses the potential for their continued relevance 13 years after they were first promulgated (TESOL, 2008). To provide a historical backdrop, I first cover the development of the standards from the inside perspective of one of the six members of the team that created them. I next review some key literature relating to the influence of the TESOL standards on teacher education and professional development. I then discuss a multi-year project, in which the TTST were first introduced into an existing CALL course and then integrated throughout the eight units of the course. I describe how the TTST as presented in the two TESOL publications—TESOL (2008) and Healey et al. (2011)—can provide a somewhat problematic set of expectations for the pre-service teacher candidates in that course. Input from participants led to a restructuring of the course and a reformulation of the Healey et al.’s (2011) “can do” statements to better serve those who have not yet begun their teaching career. I conclude with speculation about the value of the TTST in the present and near future, particularly in light of the recent expansion of online teaching brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic.
CALL Teacher Training—Considerations for Low-Resource Environments
Authors: Karatay Yasin , Hegelheimer Volker
Published: October 2021

The pandemic in 2020 has profoundly impacted millions of people all around the world. We have experienced intense disruption in our daily lives. We have lost loved ones, jobs, motivation, and precious time that could have been used more productively. The pandemic did not distinguish between borders, race, or gender. It affected everyone but not equally, unveiling socioeconomic differences within and across countries in access to robust health care, tolerable working environments, and other basic needs. Inevitably, the pandemic has also disrupted the normal course of the way we teach and learn, especially in English for Foreign Languages (EFL) contexts. Administrators and teachers needed to suddenly reconfigure their in-person classes for online teaching while students had to adjust to this new way of language learning. As Godwin-Jones (2020) envisaged, this widespread switch to distance learning seems likely to be the new normal rather than a one-time occurrence. Considering Hubbard and Levy’s (2006) concern that “both language teachers in training and practicing teachers will find themselves at a disadvantage if they are not adequately proficient in computer-assisted language learning,” it is now even more crucial for language teachers to develop skills, knowledge, and understanding of technology use in language teaching. As Oskoz and Smith (2020) pointed out, this new era in language teaching and learning provides a unique opportunity to investigate the affordances of technology and harmonize these affordances with learner, teacher, and curricular objectives. Thus, taking a fresh look at teacher training for computer-assisted language learning (CALL) in order to see how these affordances can be better implemented, especially in low-resource contexts, seems like a perfect place to start. In this article, we first discuss some critical issues in CALL teacher education. Then we introduce an online CALL teacher education (CTE) course by explaining how these issues have been implemented in designing the course. We conclude by providing practical guidelines on how to design online professional development courses in the language teaching field.
Teasing and claims to non-serious intent in Chinese talk shows
Authors: Chang Wei-Lin Melody , Haugh Michael
Published: October 2021

While teasing can sometimes cause offence, the limits of what counts as acceptable teasing is a function of the localised sequential environment and broader socio cultural context in which it occurs. In this article, we examine the sequential and moral implications of claims to non-serious intent in teasing sequences arising in television talk shows. Drawing from an analysis of over 28 hours of variety shows broadcast in Mainland China and Taiwan, we examined 25 sequences involving claims by participants to be ‘kidding’ (kaiwanxiao). From this analysis it emerged that claims to be ‘kidding’ are used in these contexts to: (1) disclaim any (potential) offence caused through teasing, (2) signal a return to serious talk following teasing, (3) reproach the other for teasing that is construed as going too far, (4) and boost the humorous impact of self-boasting in response to teasing. While the first two are consistent with the usage of equivalent expressions in other languages, the latter two have not been identified in studies to date, thereby underscoring the importance of studying jocular forms of teasing in different linguistic and sociocultural contexts.
The indexical regimentation of a male youth style in Japanese
Authors: Nakamura Momoko
Published: October 2021

This study explores how metapragmatic discourse denies the potential of a set of linguistic features to be recognised as a legitimate polite style. Examining the ways male students employ a new Japanese speech style involving su, the shortened form of the polite copula desu, and lay people’s evaluations of the style on a Q&A website, I demonstrate that the style’s multiple social meanings in local interactions are reduced in the mediatised website discourse. The analysis shows two main approaches to refuting the politeness of the style. One approach narrows the meanings of the style by positioning the style and its speakers as inferior to the polite style and polite speakers. The other approach reduces the style’s politeness by assigning it a humorous stance through stylised mocking. The findings suggest that the metapragmatic discourse serves to manage two culturally important boundaries between the polite/plain styles and hegemonic/subordinate masculinities.
Kidney Injury in Children Infected with HIV, Followed at the Teaching Hospital of Borgou (Benin)
Authors: Ahoui Séraphin , Agbeille Falilatou , Kpanidja Gerard , Noudamadjo Alphonse , Agboton Toutche Bruno Leopold , Eteka Evariste , Vigan Jacques , Adedemy Julien Didier , Agossou Joseph
Published: October 2021

The history of kidney disease associated with HIV infection dates back to the years of HIV breakthrough. The objective was to study kidney damage in children infected with HIV at the Teaching Hospital of Borgou (Benin) in 2019. This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, analytical, matching-type study carried out from June 1, 2019 to September 30, 2019 at the pediatrics department of Teaching Hospital of Borgou (Benin). The study included HIV-positive children, followed in consultations, and whose parents gave their consent. The biological markers were demon-strated with urine dipstick. Glomerular filtration rate was calculated using the Schwartz test and classified according to stages. The dependent variable was the presence of at least one impairment (biological or functional). Sample size was determined by Schwartz’s method on the basis of one case for two controls. Sociodemographic, clinical, biological, and therapeutic data were collected. Comparisons were made using the Chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test. The identification of associated factors was possible using a multiple logistic regression model at 5% threshold. In total, we included 117 children, including 39 HIV-positive children. The average age was 8 ± 4.81 years and the gender ratio was 1:17. The frequency of kidney damage was 76.5%. Permanent proteinuria and at least two crosses on urine dipstick were present in 20.5%, leukocyturia in 2.6%, and proximal tubular dysfunction in 5.1%. Glomerular hyperfiltration was found in 38.5%, acute kidney injury in 38.5%, and chronic kidney injury in 5.1%. Associated factors were age (P = 0.004), presence of opportunistic infections (P = 0.00), and treatment adherence (P = 0.004). Kidney damage is common in HIV-positive children. Careful follow-up is necessary to avoid complications.
Damage detection of offshore platforms using dispersion analysis in Hilbert–Huang transform
Authors: Beheshti Aval Seyed Bahram , Maldar Mohammad , Darvishan Ehsan , Gholipour Bahareh , Mansouri Nejad Nakisa , Asgarian Behrouz
Published: October 2021

A novel approach to damage detection based on dispersion analysis and signal processing methods is described. The proposed method was used on a scaled experimental model of a jacket-type offshore platform. A forced vibration test was conducted on the platform to acquire the acceleration signals. The frequency spectrum of the first intrinsic mode function of the recorded signals was obtained by the Hilbert transform (HT); it was found that damage engendered dispersion in the extracted frequencies. A novel damage index, capable of accurate damage detection and based on the Mahalanobis distance dispersion of the HT frequency spectrum was thus developed. The results of this work show that the proposed index can determine the location and severity of damage with acceptable accuracy.
Novel composites made of natural and waste rubber loaded with lead nanoparticles for gamma radiation shielding
Authors: El-Khatib Ahmed M , Doma Ahmed S , Abu-Rayan Asmaa E , Aly Nor S , Abbas Mahmoud I
Published: October 2021

A high-energy ball mill was used to prepare lead (Pb) nanoparticles (NPs) using polyvinyl chloride as a process control agent to prevent metal-to-metal contact and agglomeration. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform infrared and thermal gravimetric analysis were used to characterise the produced Pb NPs. The results show that Pb NPs are successfully prepared by high-energy ball milling with an average size of 32 nm. Pb NPs were added to natural rubber (NR)–waste rubber (WR) 50:50 blend. A good dispersion of Pb NPs in a polymer matrix is recorded with scanning electron microscope images. A composite containing bulk Pb was fabricated as a reference material. Both nano- and micro-composites were characterised for their mechanical and electrical properties and gamma ray shielding performance. The introduction of WR into an NR matrix decreased the tensile strength, the elastic modulus at 100% and the elongation at breakage but enhanced hardness, thermal stability, electrical conductivity and shielding parameters. Results further reveal that nano-composites show better improvement in the mechanical, electrical and shielding properties as compared to reference micro-composites.
Evaluation of the genotoxic potential of water impacted by acid mine drainage from a coal mine in Mpumalanga, South Africa, using the Ames test and Comet assay
Authors: Oluwafikemi T Iji  , Emmanuel Mfotie Njoya  , Balungile Madikizela  , Jan G Myburgh  , Lyndy J McGaw
Published: October 2021

Several potential genotoxins found in water samples arise from anthropogenic activities. Acid mine effluent resulting from coal mining poses serious environment concerns all over the world. The use of toxicity tests to evaluate the quality of streams add value by providing site-specific toxicological data. Treatment systems such as the use of natural wetlands (passive) or conventional physical and chemical pH-neutralised processes (active) are employed mainly to meet certain water quality guidelines. Nonetheless, potential genotoxins or residues remain which influence the quality of discharged effluents. The objective of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic potential of acid mine drainage (AMD) released into a natural stream following treatment by passive and active methods. This study aimed to identify the extent of AMD mutagenicity and genotoxicity to African Vero monkey kidney cell line and a fish gill cell line (RTgill-W1) using two assays, the Ames test, and the comet assay, as a rapid and effective screening tool. The Ames test performed without metabolic activation using Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 strains showed no indication of mutagenicity in the water samples tested. Differing results were however obtained for the comet assay using the African Vero monkey kidney cell line and a fish gill cell line (Rtgill-W1), which revealed DNA fragmentation and variations in morphologies indicative of genotoxicity in the water samples following the two treatment processes. A significant reduction in DNA damage was observed in water samples following active treatment of the AMD, evidenced by reduced damage frequency and a lowered comet score. This bioassay confirms the urgency of integrating high-throughput screening in aquatic toxicity assessment at genetic levels, giving further evidence that in-vitro bioassays can be incorporated for use in short-term genotoxicity assays. The result suggests that the comet assay proved sensitive at detecting genotoxicity, supporting the integration of this into environmental monitoring frameworks targeted at AMD-contaminated sites.
Desafios preponderantes na proteção dos mananciais no extremo Oeste Paulista
Authors: Cristofoli Giovanna Rocha , Silva Lucas Cunha da , Benini Sandra Medina
Published: October 2021

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Avaliação dos parâmetros de processos de compostagem/ vermicompostagem para resíduos orgânicos com inserção de embalagens oxibiodegradáveis
Authors: Fonseca Stéphanie , Barcia Maiza Karine , Veiga Tatiane Bonametti
Published: October 2021

A destinação inadequada dos resíduos sólidos urbanos no Brasil ainda é uma atividade habitual, uma vez que, na maioria dos municípios, cerca de metade dos resíduos coletados é composto de matéria orgânica, sendo que a maior parte desses resíduos são destinados para aterros e “lixões”, sem tratamento prévio. O presente estudo propôs a avaliação da compostabilidade de embalagens oxibiodegradáveis com restos de alimentos e podas de árvore. Para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa foram montadas duas composteiras domésticas, com as seguintes proporções: 70% de materiais secos, 25% de orgânicos e 5% de embalagens oxibiodegradáveis. O monitoramento foi realizado por um período de 100 dias, segundo os parâmetros: temperatura, pH, umidade e matéria orgânica. Durante a compostagem e a vermicompostagem, as composteiras não alcançaram a fase termofílica, o pH, em ambas, foi neutralizado, a umidade, ao final do processo, permaneceu próximo de 55% nas duas composteiras, conforme é recomendado na literatura e a eficiência de remoção de matéria orgânica no final do experimento foi, aproximadamente, 50% e 52% para compostagem e vermicompostagem, respectivamente. As embalagens não apresentaram boa descaracterização, portanto tem-se a necessidade de maiores estudos relacionados à decomposição de embalagens oxibiodegradáveis por meio da compostagem e da vermicompostagem.
A System for Detecting Anomalous Observations
in Data on Healthcare Services
Authors: Blyumin S. L. , Scheglevatykh R. V. , Naydenov A. A. , Sysoev A. S.
Published: October 2021

A description of the mathematical model of a neural network classifier of data on healthcare in the institutions of the Lipetsk region is given in order to identify atypical (abnormal) records. Anomaly detection refers to the problem of finding data that is inconsistent with some expected process behavior or metric occurring in the system. Due to the large number of inputs to the neural network model, the time it takes to process the incoming information also increases. To assess what factors should
be transmitted to the input of the neural network classifier, an approach to the reduction of the neural network model based on sensitivity analysis is proposed. The description of a set of software tools for solving the problem is presented.
The Comparison of Thermal Characteristics of Polystyrene Foam
and Mineral Wool under Atmospheric Impact
Authors: Yartsev V. P. , Kryukova A. A.
Published: October 2021

In the ArchiCAD 19 software, on the basis of design documentation for the space-planning solution of buildings, a study of the distribution of temperature fields and energy flows passing through enclosing structures with insulation from expanded polystyrene and mineral wool during operation was conducted.
ANALYSIS OF SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTION ABOUT DRUGS OF ABUSE IN FORENSIC TOXICOLOGY
Authors: Guimarães Monique Malafaia , Caetano Rebecca Leal , César Carriço César , Barbosa Júlio Vianna , Soares da Silva Deborah Paredes , Pinto Zeneida Teixeira
Published: October 2021

A toxicologia forense é uma ferramenta essencial que auxilia nas investigações, identificando os agentes tóxicos, com a finalidade de esclarecer as questões que ocorram em procedimento legal, ela é empregada com o objetivo de detectar, reconhecer, identificar e quantificar quando existe o contato com certos agentes como por exemplo: álcool, maconha, cocaína e LSD, que são consideradas drogas de abuso. O objetivo do estudo foi analisar a produção científica nacional, dos últimos 10 anos, sobre drogas de abuso na toxicologia forense. Para o levantamento dos artigos utilizou-se os descritores: toxicologia forense, drogas de abuso, álcool, cocaína, maconha e LSD no Google Acadêmico. Para a seleção das produções científicas, foram utilizados os seguintes critérios de inclusão: artigos publicados no período de 2008 a 2018, disponíveis na íntegra e online. Foram encontrados dezenove artigos publicados sobre o tema em quinze periódicos analisados no período de 2008 a 2018. Os anos com o maior número de publicações foram 2009, 2014 e 2015, com três publicações cada um e o ano de menor publicação foi 2008, onde nenhum artigo foi encontrado. A Revista Revinter apresentou o maior número de produções na área da Toxicologia Forense. Com relação aos tipos de drogas de abuso utilizadas nos estudos, a cocaína aparece como a mais estudada seguida pela maconha. Já o álcool e o LSD aparecem como as drogas de abuso menos estudadas. Diversas técnicas de análise foram utilizadas para a identificação das drogas de abuso. O resultado da análise da produção científica sobre drogas de abuso na toxicologia forense, mostrou o quão importante e indispensáveis as metodologias de análises na toxicologia forense. A cada droga que se cria há um método eficiente que possui um amplo grau de precisão para sua identificação. Isso demonstra uma preocupação dessa área em identificar e quantificar essas drogas com precisão, sensibilidade e especificidade, em amostras cada vez menos invasivas visando a proteção do sujeito e da sociedade.
OCORRÊNCIA DE Hypanus americanus (Hildebrand & Schroeder, 1928) e Pseudobatos percellens (Walbaum, 1792) COMO DESCARTE DAS PESCAS ARTESANAIS DA PRAIA GRANDE DA ILHA DE ITACURUÇÁ, RIO DE JANEIRO, BRASIL
Authors: Guimarães Natalia , Da Costa Fábio Moraes , De Oliveira Fabiano Paschoal , De Alcantara Alessandra Araujo , Viana de Matos João Gabriel Menezes
Published: October 2021

As raias fazem parte da megafauna marinha, com aproximadamente 633 espécies marinhas ou dulcícolas no mundo das quais 55 ocorrem no Brasil. O sudeste brasileiro possui características favoráveis para reprodução e alimentação das raias. O presente estudo tem como objetivo catalogar as raias resultante de descarte das pescas artesanais, coletadas na praia Grande da Ilha de Itacuruçá, no Rio de Janeiro. As espécies encontradas foram transportadas para o Laboratório de Biologia Marinha, da Universidade Castelo Branco, RJ, onde em seguida foram tomados os dados merísticos e morfométricos para identificação taxonômica dos indivíduos coletados. Ao total foram identificados onze indivíduos de raias pertencentes a duas famílias, Dasyatidae, com 5 indivíduos identificados da espécie Hypanus americanus; e Rhinobatidae, com 6 indivíduos da espécie Pseudobatos percellens. A megafauna marinha de raias está cada vez mais ameaçada devido as pescas artesanais, de arrasto e de espera; uma vez que estão presentes como fauna acompanhante. Dessa forma, o presente estudo procurou agregar informações sobre as lacunas existentes, sobre o estado atual das espécies de raias recorrentes na Ilha de Itacuruçá, RJ.
SERVIÇO SOCIAL E MATRICIAMENTO NO NÚCLEO DE APOIO À SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA
Authors: Silva França Camila Chagas , Pereira Ana Paula Cunha , Machado Flávio Vaz , Guidoreni Angela Schächter , Couto Alexis Aragão , Da Silva Ilda Cecília Moreira
Published: October 2021

O presente artigo versa sobre o papel do Serviço Social no Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família. O estudo parte do pressuposto de que outras profissões da saúde podem apreender das dimensões constitutivas da competência profissional do Assistente Social.  O objetivo desde estudo é refletir sobre o papel do Serviço Social no matriciamento do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família e as possibilidades na consolidação da intervenção social conjunta com a Estratégia de Saúde da Família. Entende-se que a prática da saúde não pode ser alienante na interpretação pedagógica. Assim, torna-se possível pensar e propor projetos que proporcionam a execução do processo de ensino-aprendizagem de modo a alcançar a crianças, adolescentes, adultos, gestantes, idosos e deficientes.
RISCOS DE EXPOSIÇÃO À RADIAÇÃO IONIZANTE
Authors: Da Silva Luando Santos , Palmeira Odete Alves , Silva Rodrigo Batista dos Santos , Guidoreni Angela Schächter , Machado Flávio Vaz , Miki Abel Jorge Luiz Alves da Graça , Moreira da Silva Ilda Cecília
Published: October 2021

O objetivo do presente estudo é avaliar o conhecimento de enfermeiros acerca do atendimento a vítimas de acidente com material radioativo. Para alcançar o objetivo foi realizada uma pesquisa quantitativa, descritiva e exploratória com profissionais de enfermagem que atuam nos hospitais e unidades básicas de saúde do município de Angra dos Reis, sul do estado do Rio de Janeiro, cujas unidades ficam dentro do raio das zonas de planejamento emergencial da central nuclear. A coleta de dados foi realizada por intermédio de questionário eletrônico utilizando a plataforma do GOOGLE FORMS. Evidenciou-se um déficit no município relacionado ao treinamento e capacitação permanente da equipe atuante nas proximidades da usina, despertando um questionamento central com enfoque em provocar mudanças. Concluiu-se que os enfermeiros reconhecem a importância dos  treinamentos e protocolos para abordagem de pacientes vítimas de acidentes causados por materiais radioativos, cabendo ao município promover esta capacitação.
Venous access for parenteral nutrition: Changes in Europe and North America over the past 12 years
Authors: Kurmukov Ildar A. , Obukhova Olga A.
Published: October 2021

This article provides an overview of the significant changes in clinical practices since the publication of the European Association for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism guidelines on providing vascular access for parenteral nutrition regarding the choice of vascular access and prevention and treatment of the most common and important complications of long-term venous access, the catheter-associated bloodstream infection, and internal lumen obstruction of catheters.
The preferred vascular access for parenteral nutrition for medium- to long-term parenteral nutrition is the tunneled central venous catheter, peripherally inserted central catheter, or a fully implantable port system, which is now largely determined by the underlying disease, near-term prognosis and patient comfort, and short-term parenteral nutrition in a hospital that largely depends on the capabilities of a particular medical institution. Strict adherence to modern standard measures for infection control and care of venous access and infusion lines, hand hygiene, and appropriate training of medical personnel, patients, and their caregivers are currently the most reliable and effective methods to prevent catheter-associated bloodstream infection. Taurolidine catheter lock is used as an additional measure.
In most cases, the occlusion of the inner canal of the catheter can be eliminated by drug methods; however, its effectiveness directly depends on the correspondence of the chosen drug to the cause of the occlusion. Generally, changes in recent years have significantly reduced the incidence and risk of parenteral nutrition complications associated with vascular access.