bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
KONVESI HAK MILIK ATAS TANAH DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG POKOK AGRARIA
Authors: Sugiarti Yayuk , Sutrisni Sutrisni
Published: June 2021

Hak milik merupakan hak yang paling kuat atas tanah, yang memberikan kewenangan kepada pemiliknya untuk memberikan kembali suatu hak lain di atas bidang tanah Hak Milik yang dimilikinya tersebut (dapat berupa Hak Guna Bangunan dan Hak Guna Usaha), yang hampir sama dengan kewennagan negara (sebagai penguasa) untuk memberikan hak atas tanah kepada warganya. Hal ini, meski tidak mutlak sama, tetapi dapat dikatakan mirip dengan eigendom atas tanah tetapi menurut Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata, yang memberikan kewenangan yang (paling) luas pada pemiliknya, dengan ketentuan harus memperhatikan ketentuan Pasal 6 Undang-Undang Pokok Agraria, yang menyatakan: Semua hak atas tanah harus mempunyai fungsi sosial.

Tidak ada pihak lain yang dapat menjadi pemegang hak milik atas tanah di Indonesia. Dengan ketentuan yang demikian berarti setiap orang tidaklah dapat dengan begitu saja melakukan pengalihan hak milik atas tanah. Ini berarti Undang-Undang Pokok Agraria memberikan pembatasan peralihan hak milik atas tanah. Agar hak milik atas tanah dapat dialihkan, maka pihak terhadap siapa hak milik atas tanah tersebut hendak dialihkan haruslah merupakan orang perorangan warga negara Indonesia tunggal, atau badan-badan hukum tertentu yang diatur dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 38 Tahun 1963 tersebut.
PEMASANGAN GIGI PALSU TANPA PENDAMPING AHLI GIGI
Authors: Sutrisni Sutrisni
Published: June 2021

Seiring dengan perkembangan zaman dan teknologi, perkembangan dibidang kesehatan semakin berkembang dengan teknologi modern, ini terbukti dengan adanya banyak praktik kesehatan yang dilakukan oleh tenaga medis ataupun pengobatan tradisional dan tidak dipungkiri banyaknya praktik kesehatan yang tanpa izin dari pemerintah yang bermunculan semakin pesat. Pemasangan gigi tiruan semakin hari semakin banyak pengguanya, hal ini akan menambah sebuah permasalahan apabila tidak ada regulasi dan pengawasan yang baik. Walaupun diketahui bahwa gigi palsu yang berfungsi untuk mengganti satu atau lebih gigi yang hilang dimana pemasangan dan pelepasannya tidak dapat dilakukan oleh pasien sendiri melainkan harus dengan bantuan dokter gigi atau ahli gigi.
PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN PENYIDIK TERHADAP TERJADINYA SALAH TANGKAP
Authors: Andyanto Hidayat
Published: June 2021

Kasus salah tangkap yang masih terjadi di Indonesia ini merupakan hal yang belum disadari sepenuhnya oleh beberapa penegak hukum di Indonesia, betapa sedih dan sakitnya kalau hak asasi manusia itu dilanggar, walau rambu-rambunya sudah diatur dalam pasal-pasal KUHAP, walaupun ada yang namanya ganti kerugian dan rehabilitasi. Merajalelanya praktek mafia yang terjadi dalam proses peradilan kasus salah tangkap yang masih terjadi di Indonesia ini juga sangat mempengarugi jalannya proses peradilan sehingga tidak lagi mengindahkan hak-hak orang lain yang memerlukan perlindungan hukum.Asas praduga tak bersalah dan akusator menempatkan tersangka/terdakwa sebagai subjek yang harus diperlakukan secara manusiawi. prosedur ganti kerugian yang diberikan terhadap korban salah tangkap telah diatur dalam pasal 95 KUHAP ayat (1) dan ayat (2) serta diketahui langkah-langkah apa saja yang harus dilakukan korban salah tangkap dalam mengajukan ke Pengadilan Negeri melalui Praperadilan, dan realita ganti kerugian yang diberikan terhadap korban salah tangkap adalah selama tahun 2008 hanya ada empat kasus mengenai tuntutan ganti kerugian, dan dari keempat kasus tersebut tidak ada satupun yang dikabulkan bahkan ada yang dinyatakan gugur.
Análisis de la participación de los militares brasileños en la crisis migratoria de Venezuela
Authors: Franca de Faria Fabio Luis , Blanco Londoño Sergio Andrés
Published: June 2021

Este artículo presenta el análisis de la participación de las Fuerzas Armadas (FF. AA.) brasileñas en la planificación y la coordinación de dos operaciones desarrolladas como respuesta a la crisis migratoria venezolana. Una operación humanitaria denominada Operación Bienvenida, que tuvo como objetivo recibir a los migrantes venezolanos que han estado ingresando a Brasil para escapar de la crisis socioeconómica y política en su país. Por lo anterior, se creó la Operación Control, enfocada en actividades de supervisión en la frontera entre Brasil y Venezuela, con el fin de combatir los delitos transfronterizos y apoyar las acciones de control de la migración. Este análisis permitió concluir que las operaciones militares en la región han permitido reorganizar la frontera y ofrecer mejores condiciones a los inmigrantes, y contribuido de esa manera a mitigar el impacto de esta crisis.
Psychological legal realism of P. V. Delarov
Authors: Gruzdev Vladimir Sergeevich
Published: June 2021

The subject of this research is the works of the Russian legal scholar of the second half of the XIX century P. V. Delarov, better known to his contemporaries as a collector of antiques. Since the late 1870s he wrote several essays covering the fundamental and applied topics and problems of legal science and practice. His works are poorly studied within the framework of legal disciplines of historical and philosophical-legal profiles, however represent particular interest for the history of establishment of legal thought in Russia. This particular pertains to the author’s reference to the tasks on reforming legal science into psychology of law; renewing the theoretical-methodological principles and characteristics, which allowed the Russian legal scholar to resolve the fundamental contradictions in the area of cognition and interpretation of law, associated with idealistic or realistic arguments. The scientific novelty of this research lies in the following aspects: description and analysis of the legal views of P. V. Delarov, which were not been previously studied in the history of legal thought; substantiation of the conclusions that he formulated the first theoretically mature and developed psychological concept of law within the Russian legal literature; the concept of P. V. Delarov appeared much earlier than the psychological concept of L. I. Petrażycki;. Delarov’s concept in its essence represented a variety of realistic theories that rely on the tendency of “scientification” of jurisprudence within the framework of natural-scientific worldview of the XIX century. This article also presents other generalizations and explanations of P. V. Delarov's legal views, which allow introducing significant clarifications into understanding the processes of the emergence of psychological approaches towards law in the Russian and Foreign legal literature.
Gratitude, Forgiveness and Religiosity- A Comparative Study
Authors: Sharma Mansi
Published: June 2021

India is home to diverse cultures and religious practices since time immemorial. India has been a secular state which preaches freedom of religious beliefs and keeps the cultural identity of the residents of the country intact. Psychologists and researchers who study religion want to understand what religion would mean psychologically. To study religion psychologically researchers usually rely on empirical and scientific approach. The present research is an attempt to understand that how gratitude and forgiveness affects religiosity which is a major way of leading a life in India. The present study was conducted to understand the effect of gratitude and forgiveness on religiosity with an in- depth attempt to study the differences on gratitude and forgiveness across religious groups (Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs and Christians). The sample included of 140 participants, 35 each of which belonged to Hinduism, Islam, Sikhism and Christianity. A correlational analysis was run to understand the relationship of religiosity and gratitude, religiosity and forgiveness and gratitude and forgiveness. It was found that no significant correlation was depicted among the same.
Prevalence of Work Stress among Private and Public Sector Employees in Delhi: A Differential Study
Authors: Jayeeta Biswas  , Subodh Kumar
Published: June 2021

Background: Stress is a term which is entangled with every stage of our lives — whether it is our workplace or our personal life. For the workplace, it may be the pressure to fulfill daily targets, deadline, must do project which arrives without warning, shared assignment or anything else which can generate stress. Lack of promotion, training and support from superiors lead to stress which in turn leads to higher rates of absenteeism, low productivity, low quality of product, customer dissatisfaction etc. Physical and mental health of an individual as well as organization’s effectiveness can have the effect of work stress. Hence, the current study aimed to assess the prevalence of one of the mental health issues, i.e., stress, among private and public sector employees in Delhi, India. Methods: Purposive sampling technique was used to collect data from the private (n=30) and public sector employees (n=30). The level of stress was measured using Occupational Stress Index Scale (OSI Scale) questionnaire and demographic information sheet was used to collect various demographic information which includes age, gender, type of family, marital status, duration of service, salary, type of employment, educational qualification etc. Data was analyzed using SPSS (version 20.0) software. The chi-square test was used to find the relationship between categorical variables, pearson correlation coefficient was used to find the correlation between continuous variables according to distribution of the data. A p value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: The mean age of the participants was 38.62 (SD=8.79) years. According to OSI Scale, 13.3% employees (including both sectors) had low level of stress, 75% had moderate level of stress and 11.7% had high level of stress. Further, private sector employees had more work stress than the public sector employees. The results also indicate that Role Overload, Role Ambiguity, Role Conflict, Poor Participation, Powerlessness, Intrinsic Improvement, Low Status and Strenuous Working Condition had a significant relationship with the sector of employment. Conclusion: It was found that high level of stress was prevalent among employees in both the sectors — public and private. However, private sector employees were exposed to more professional stressors, which in turn created more occupational stress for them. It would be prudential for employers to initiate some training programmes related to physical and mental well-being, which can help enhance performance of employees and improve overall productivity of the organisation.
Cross-sectional Study to Assess Psychological Impact of COVID-19 on Health Care Staff Working in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Mahale Girija , hadaney Yoshita T , Purohit Nidhi
Published: June 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic has placed an enormous strain on healthcare professionals who have been at war with the virus since a year now. It was important to understand the mental health care impacts so that timely interventions could be provided to those who were in need of support. This would provide them with the much-needed support as well as prevent them from burn out. However, understanding healthcare professionals’ innate capacities of resilience and proactive coping was important to provide a holistic picture. This project studied the stress, anxiety, resilience and proactive coping levels of 151 hospital staffers at a designated COVID-19 tertiary care teaching institution in Pune district. They were administered the four scales and it was found that most were experiencing moderate stress levels, normal levels of anxiety and scored high on resilience and proactive coping measures. A significant negative correlation between anxiety and resilience and positive correlation between resilience and coping was found. This study shows that adequate support from the hospital, innate reserves of resilience and adequate coping techniques were protective factors, preventing the distress levels from culminating into mental illness. The sample’s mean age of 34 years could have also been a positive factor. However, it is important to further study the chronic effects of stress on mental health and burnout, given the pandemic is ongoing.
Perfil clínico-funcional dos idosos de uma instituição de longa permanência
Authors: Fernandes Gisele da Silva Cardoso , Silva Maria de Fátima Cândida da , Salin Adriane Bonotto , Costa Isabele Cristina Mascarenhas , Lima Thaís Millena Cardoso de , Barreto Gabriela Aparecida Paz de Castro , Oliveira Thainá França , Santos Maria Michelle Pereira dos
Published: June 2021

Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil clínico-funcional dos idosos de uma instituição de longa permanência na região Norte do Brasil. Métodos: Tratou-se de uma pesquisa de campo com abordagem quantitativa e exploratória, obedecendo aos aspectos éticos e legais, determinado pela Resolução 466/12 do Conselho Nacional de Saúde. Foi utilizado um questionário para descrição do perfil sociodemográfico e clínico. As informações colhidas foram analisadas e tabuladas por intermédio de uma planilha eletrônica no programa Epi-info, versão 7.2.2. Resultados: A maioria dos idosos apresentaram baixa escolaridade e idade entre 70 a 79 anos (54,55%). A maioria, do sexo masculino (81,82%,), solteiro (86,36%) e sem filhos (72,73%); e (59,09%) tem mais de 5 anos que residem na instituição e 54,55% não possuem contato com o familiar; 95,45% dos idosos apresentam algum tipo de doença crônica, 90,91% três ou mais tipo de comorbidades e 40,91% utilizam mais de sete medicamentos diferentes. Conclusão: O estudo possibilitou o conhecimento do perfil clínico-funcional de alguns idosos residentes da Instituição de Longa Permanecia e irá contribuir para o planejamento de melhorias na qualidade de vida do público avaliado.
Determinan Perilaku Pacaran Pada Remaja
Authors: Cici Naency Mayren , Notoatmojo Soekidjo , Ulfa Laila
Published: June 2021

Pacaran remaja menghawatirkan ketika mengarah pada perilaku seksual sebab berdampak pada kehamilan yang tidak diinginkan, pernikahan dini, aborsi, infeksi menular seksual (IMS), HIV dan AIDS. Di SMAN 7 Singkawang periode ajaran 2019/2020 didapati 2 siswa hamil diluar nikah, dari wawancara 10 siswa laki-laki dan 10 siswa perempuan, 90% siswa laki-laki dan 100% siswa perempuan pernah berpacaran.

Tujuan penelitian adalah mempelajari dan menjelaskan determinan perilaku pacaran siswa di SMAN 07 Singkawang. Metode penelitian dengan pendekatan kuantitatif desain penelitian cross sectional. Populasi pada penelitian ini yaitu seluruh siswa SMAN 07 Singkawang tahun ajaran 2019/2020 sebanyak 495 siswa. Sampel penelitian yaitu kelas X dan XI yang berpacaran sebanyak 272 siswa, tehnik sampling purposive sampling. Analisa data univariat, bivariat dengan uji chi square dan multivariat dengan regresi logistik.

Hasil analisis bivariat diperoleh ada hubungan antara pengetahuan tentang kesehatan reproduksi (p=0,0005 OR=4,017), sikap terhadap kesehatan reproduksi (p=0,004 OR=2,910), religiusitas (p=0,011 OR=2,783), pengaruh teman sebaya (0,0005 OR=3,816), pengaruh media sosial (p=0,007 OR=3,300) dengan perilaku pacaran siswa di SMAN 07 Singkawang tahun 2020. Faktor dominan yang berhubungan dengan perilaku pacaran adalah religiusitas (p=0,004; OR=4.024; 95%CI 1,580-10,253). Kesimpulan bahwa perilaku pacaran remaja sangat besar dipengaruhi oleh tingkat religiusitas. Saran bagi sekolah dapat meningkatkan edukasi keagamaan melalui mata pelajaran agama, kegiatan-kegiatan keagamaan, mempasilitasi sarana/perlengkapan untuk kegiatan ibadah.

 

Kata kunci: Perilaku, Pacaran, Remaja
Penyelenggaraan Pos Pembinaan Terpadu Penyakit Tidak Menular Di Wilayah Puskesmas Sungai Piring Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir
Authors: Nurlian Nurlian , Saam Zulfan , Alamsyah Agus , Rany Novita , Rany Novita , Leonita Emy
Published: June 2021

Peningkatan prevalensi penyakit tidak menular menjadi ancaman yang serius dalam pembangunan, karena mengancam pertumbuhan ekonomi nasional. Puskesmas Sungai Piring salah satu distribusi Posbindu PTM terbanyak dari 28 Puskesmas di Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir, Namun skrining kesehatan di Posbindu PTM hanya sebesar 31,1% dari target program tahun 2019. Melalui Posbindu PTM, dapat dilakukan deteksi dini pencegahan faktor risiko PTM sehingga kejadian PTM di masyarakat dapat ditekan. Tujuan diketahuinya tentang kecenderungan input, proces dan output dalam penyelenggaraan Posbindu PTM di wilayah Puskesmas Sungai Piring Kabupaten Indragiri Hilir Tahun 2019. Jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik purposive sampling. Informan penelitian kepala Puskesmas, lurah, kepala desa, penanggung jawab program, petugas, kader dan pengguna Posbindu. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi dan telusur dokumen terkait dengan analisis triangulasi sumber data dan metode. Hasil penelitian dari segi input peran petugas sudah optimal, namun peran kader dan pemangku kebijakan belum optimal, kegiatan belum sesuai konsep Posbindu, tidak lanjut pemantauan faktor risiko sudah dilaksanakan petugas dan penahapan Posbindu kriteria Posbindu dasar. Evaluasi penyelenggaraan Posbindu PTM di wilayah Puskesmas Sungai Piring tahun 2019 dilihat dari segi input dan process masih ada kendala. Perlu peningkatan sosialisasi dan dukungan dari lintas sektor terkait untuk peningkatan pemanfaatan Posbindu PTM.
Efektifitas Pelatihan Kecerdasan Emosional Terhadap Peningkatan Kecerdasan Emosional Perawat di Rumah Sakit RoyalPrima Medan
Authors: Angraeni Siregar Dessy , Girsang Ermi , Nasution Sri Lestari Ramadhani , Ginting Crismis Novalinda
Published: June 2021

Kecerdasan emosional merupakan suatu kemampuan seperti kemampuan memotivasi diri, bertahan terhadap frustrasi, mengatur suasana hati agar beban stres tidak melumpuhkan kemampuan berpikir, dan berempati. Tujuan penelitian ini menganalisis efektifitas pelatihan kecerdasan emosional terhadap peningkatan kecerdasan emosional perawat di Rumah Sakit Royal Prima Medan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen quasi dengan desain pretest-posttest. Populasi dalam penelitian adalah perawat dan sampel sebanyak 38 responden dengan ketentuan 19 untuk kelompok eksperimen dan 19 untuk kelompok kontrol. Metode analisa data yang digunakan di dalam penelitian ini adalah statistik deskriptif dan statistik inferensial. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai mean pada pre test = 9,84 dan post test = 13,58 yang menunjukkan adanya peningkatan evaluasi belajar setelah diberikan pelatihan dibandingkan sebelum diberikan pelatihan. Untuk evaluasi perilaku menunjukkan nilai mean pada pre test = 175,8947 dan setelah post test = 198,7368 artinya adanya peningkatan etelah diberikan pelatihan kecerdasan emosional dibandingkan sebelum diberikan pelatihan. Hasil uji t menunjukkan kecerdasan emosional perawat setelah diberikan pelatihan kecerdasan emosional menunjukkan adanya peningkatan atau adanya perbedaan (p=0,000). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat melakukan pelatihan kecerdasan emosional kepada semua karyawan rumah sakit.
Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Imunisasi Dasar Tidak Lengkap Di Puskesmas Sidomulyo Kota Pekanbaru
Authors: Alesia Cindy , Lapau Buchari , Harnani Yessy , Priwahyuni Yuyun , Miklon Miklon
Published: June 2021

Imunisasi dasar lengkap bila diberikan 5 macam vaksin tertentu kepada bayi; bila  satu dosis atau lebih vaksin tertentu itu tidak diberikan kepada bayi, maka terjadi imunisasi dasar tidak lengkap. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui manajemen pelaksanaan program imunisasi dasar dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi imunisasi dasar tidak lengkap di Puskesmas Sidomulyo Kota Pekanbaru tahun 2020. Jenis penelitian ini mixed methodology yang mana desain penelitian kualitatif peneliti menentukan 3 orang informan yaitu kepala puskesmas, penanggung jawab imunisasi, dan petugas imunisasi. Peneliti melakukan wawancara mendalam, observasi dan telaah dokumen, kemudian analisis data dengan reduksi data, kesimpulan, dan penyajian. Dengan desain penelitian kuantitatif studi kasus kontrol, peneliti menemukan populasi kasus 286 orang dan populasi kontrol 1.308 orang. Masing-masing sampel 205 kasus dan 205 kontrol diambil dari populasinya dengan metode systematic random sampling. Peneliti mengumpulkan data  melalui wawancara tertutup dengan kuesioner berisi pertanyaan tertutup, lalu digunakan analisis univariat, bivariat, dan multiple logistic regression. hasil penelitian kualitatif menemukan perencanaan dan pelaksanaan imunisasi berjalan dengan baik, tetapi pemantauan imunisasi dasar lengkap belum dilaksanakan. Penelitian kuantitatif menemukan hubungan sebab akibat antara perkembangan intelektual (CI 95%, OR = 3,5-10,4), sikap (CI 95%: OR =3,6-8,5), dukungan keluarga (CI 95%, OR = 2, 3-8,5), dan efek samping (CI 95%, OR=1,9-4,4) masing-masing dengan imunisasi dasar lengkap. Disimpulkan bahwa manajemen puskesmas perlu melaksanakan pemantauan program imunisasi dasar, dan menggiatkan promosi kesehatan kepada ibu-ibu berupa intervensi terutama terhadap perkembangan intelektual, sikap positif, dukungan keluarga, dan efek samping untuk kelengkapan imunisasi dasar. Peneliti mengembangkan saran-saran dari rekomendasi.
Pengelolaan Limbah Infeksius Rumah Tangga pada masa Pandemi COVID-19
Authors: Axmalia Astry , Sinanto Rendi Ariyanto
Published: June 2021

Penanganan limbah infeksius merupakan perhatian global yang besar terhadap kesehatan masyarakat dan kelestarian lingkungan jika ditanganai secara tidak tepat. Alat pelindung diri, masker bekas, sarung tangan adalah kontribusi utama volume limbah. Tujuan studi literatur ini adalah untuk membahas cara penanganan limbah infeksius dan rumah tangga pada masa pandemi covid-19. Metode yang digunakan adalah literatur review. Literatur berupa jurnal Nasional yang diterbitkan dari tahun 2020 sampai 2021. Pengumpulan literatur menggunakan database google scholar dan http://garuda.ristekbrin.go.id/ dengan kata kunci “limbah infeksius covid-19”, “dampak covid-19” dan “limbah rumah tangga”. Hasil pencarian diperoleh 21 artikel sesuai kata kunci. Setelah disaring menggunakan kriteria inklusi diperoleh 8 artikel yang di review. Hasil review menunjukkan Pada masa pandemi Covid-19 belum sepenuhnya dilakukan sesuai persyaratan terutama pada praktik penyimpanan limbah B3. Masyarakat masih belum sepenuhnya mengetahui dan belum melakukan pengolahan limbah infeksius rumah tangga, minimnya infomasi mengenai timbulan limbah medis dan efektivitas penanganan limbah infeksius salah satu faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap penanganan limbah B3 Covid-19. Penanganan limbah dapat dilakukan dengan beberapa langkah yang mudah secara umum yaitu pemilahan, pewadahan, desinfeksi dan pelabelan. Kemudian penanganan lanjutan limbah infeksius yang telah melalui beberapa tahapan perlakuan disumbernya. Memberikan informasi kepada masyarakat dengan cara mengeedukasi masyarakat melalui penyuluhan lingkungan merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam pengolaan sampah.

 

Kata Kunci: Covid-19, Limbah B3, Limbah infeksius rumah tangga, Pengelolaan limbah
Analisis Mutu Penyelenggaraan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Kesehatan Oleh UPT Bapelkes Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Riau
Authors: Islamiyah Islamiyah , Muryanto Irwan , Hamid Abdurrahman , Yunita Jasrida , Renaldi Reno
Published: June 2021

Kemampuan UPT Balai Pelatihan Kesehatan Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Riau selama dalam memberikan pendidikan dan pelatihan kesehatan dihadapkan pada beberapa masalah.Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis mutu penyelenggaraan pendidikan dan pelatihan kesehatan oleh UPT Bapelkes Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Riau.Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif.Triangulasi yang digunakan adalah triangulasi sumber, metode dan data. Hasil penelitian dimensi tangible sarana dan prasarana masih kurang baik, SDM dan penampilan staf sudah cukup baik. Reliability sudah cukup baik.Responsiveness sudah cukup baik.Assurances sudah baik dan empathy  sudah baik. Saran bagi UPT Bapelkes Provinsi Riau untuk melengkapi sarana dan prasarana serta melakukan quality assurance dan quality safety.
Modern vector in treatment of patients with lung cancer: tyrosine kinase inhibitors in epidermal growth factor receptor mutations (literature review)
Authors: Smorodska O.M. , Moskalenko Yu.V. , Vynnychenko I.O. , Vynnychenko O.I. , Kostuchenko V.V.
Published: June 2021

Tumor molecular profiling in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is used to identify driver mutations, which lead to premature carcinogenesis in more than 80% of adenocarcinoma cases, including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. Identification of specific somatic aberrations allows to personalize treatment. Personalization of treatment resulted in improvement of NSCLC outcomes. The aim of our study was to consider scientific data on modern concepts of treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer with previously detected oncogenic mutations, especially EGFR mutation. In our study we analyzed scientific papers and data of international scientific literature on the problem of lung cancer treatment. Methods used: scientific research, analytical and generalizing. Different drugs are used in treatment of lung cancer. Choice of treatment scheme depends on type and presence of mutations. Patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer and detected mutation in the EGFR can be treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Nowadays three first generation drugs are recommended by FDA: afatinib, erlotinib, gefitinib. They showed good clinical benefit. Most patients with metastatic NSCLC typically show disease progression after approximately 9 to 13 months of erlotinib, gefitinib, or afatinib therapy. The first and only commercially available third-generation EGFR TKI is оsimertinib - an oral drug, which selectively inhibits both EGFR-TKI and EGFR T790M resistance mutations. Nowadays scientists are in active investigation of mechanisms of acquired resistance to TKIs, but little is known yet. Clinical success can be observed in patients who were treated with TKIs. EGFR T790M is a mutation that leads to acquired resistance to EGFR TKI therapy. Its incidence is approximately 60% after disease progression on TKI drugs (erlotinib, gefitinib, or aphatinib). Third-generation EGFR TKIs demonstrate high efficacy, but acquired resistance development cannot be avoided. Mechanisms of acquired resistance to these agents are still investigated.
Influence of ICG-technology on the results of surgical treatment of early forms of breast cancer
Authors: Masia J. , Savenkov O.Y.
Published: June 2021

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common causes of death in women up to 50 years old. For today the choice of an adequate methods of surgical intervention and the need for an adequate surgical adjuvant therapy, quality of life of patients after surgeryis are important. The aim of our study was to select the volume of surgery for breast cancer using the technique of intraoperative identification of the sentinel lymph node (intraoperative ICG technology) and to evaluate the results of its urgent histological examination. It was shown that the most common method of surgery in patients who underwent intraoperative ICG technology was quadrantectomy, which was performed in 27 cases (54%), rarely subcutaneous mastectomy was performed (30%) and radical mastectomy (by Madden) – 16%. In the control group, priority was given to radical removal of the breast (63.2% of cases); partial resection (by U. Veronesi) was performed in 33.3% of patients, and subcutaneous mastectomy – in 3.5%. Pathomorphological examination of the sentinel lymph node during its intraoperative imaging using ICG-technology established metastatic lesion in 10 of 50 cases (20%) in the main group. The obtained results of the assessment of the regional lymph dissection size in the main group indicate its adequate nature to ensure the radicality of surgical treatment. In our opinion, this is one of the important preliminary conclusions of this study, because to assess the clinical significance of signal lymph node (SLN) analysis as a marker of regional tumor spread, firstly it is necessary to be sured that existing surgical techniques provide radical tumor removal.
Problems of diagnosis and treatment of chronic ischaemic heart disease combined with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease according to retrospective analysis
Authors: Potabashnii V.A. , Kniazieva O.V. , Markova O.Ya.
Published: June 2021

Ischaemic Heart Disease (IHD) and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) are common diseases that rank highest in the Global Burden of Disease Study (2019). IHD and COPD are often combined, making diagnosis and treatment of patients difficult in actual clinical practice. The aim of the study was to identify problems in the diagnosis and treatment of patients with a combination of chronic IHD and COPD, based on a retrospective analysis of medical records. Patient’s adherence to treatment was also assessed with the Morisky Scale (MMAS-8). The analysis of 108 inpatient charts with a combination of chronic IHD and COPD was carried out. The quality of diagnosis and treatment of IHD was evaluated in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine N152 dated March 02 2016, considering the recommendations of the European Society of Cardiology (2019). It was found that smoking history was in 23.1% of patients, a body mass index (BMI) was calculated in 51,9%, and a carotid ultrasound examination was carried out in 7.4% of cases. The total cholesterol level was determined in 59.2% of patients, while the level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was determined in only 43.5%. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) was performed in 62.9 % of patients, but stress-echocardiography and exercise ECG were not performed. Daily ECG monitoring was performed in 60.2% of cases. The levels of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) or N-terminal proBNP (NT-proBNP) were not detrmined to precise etiology of dyspnea. It was also found that beta-blockers (29.6% of patients), ivabradine (11.1% of patients) and statins (65.7% of patients) are seldom administered to patients with IHD and COPD. The targeted doses of these drugs are not reached. Fixed combinations of long-term bronchodilalarors were insufficiently used in therapy of COPD. However, patients' adherence to basic IHD and COPD therapy is weak. 45.4 % of patients were non-adherent to treatment, 43.5% were medium-adherent, and only 11.1% of patients were adherent to treatment.
The role of immunocytochemical biomarkers in diagnostics of precancerous pathology of cervix
Authors: Gladchuk I.Z. , Rozhkovska N.M. , Kashtalian N.M.
Published: June 2021

The last decades showed the worldwide tendency to finding consensus between diagnostics improvement and constant increase of cost of medical services in conditions of restricted financing. The aim of the article was to analyze the diagnostic value of p16 and Ki-67 biomarkers in diagnostics of precancerous diseases of cervix. Data of 80 patients with cervical dysplasia of varying degree who received excisional treatment were analyzed. It was shown that cytological study has a high sensitivity (79.17%) for the diagnosis of CIN 2-3, but low specificity (53.57%). The p16 immunocytochemical biomarker has a high sensitivity for the diagnosis of CIN 2 (0.92; 95% CI: 0.76-0.98) with good specificity (0.78; 95% CI: 0.67-0.82), for the diagnosis of CIN 3 both sensitivity (0.93; 95% CI: 0.82-0.98) and specificity (0.93; 95% CI: 0.82-0.98) is high. The immuno­cytochemical biomarker Ki-67 has a high sensitivity for CIN 2 (0.92; 95% CI: 0.65-0.99), but insufficient specificity (0.62; 95% CI: 0.54-0.64), for the diagnosis of CIN 3 the sensitivity is very high (0.96; 95% CI: 0.80-0.99) as well as specificity (0.78; 95% CI: 0.69-0.81). The combined use of p16 and Ki-67 biomarkers can significantly increase the diagnostic accuracy of the diagnosis of high-grade precancerous pathology of cervix and justify timely surgical intervention. Such an approach for the differential diagnosis of severe dysplasia, on the one hand, may contribute to a decrease in the risk of developing cervical cancer, and on the other hand, it will allow to avoid unnecessary operations and preserve reproductive function of women, reduce the economic costs of treatment.
Orthodontic treatment of secondary deformations in adult patients with defects of dentition
Authors: Mirchuk B.M. , Maksymov Y.V.
Published: June 2021

In the presence of dentition defects there is a complex of morphological, aesthetic and functional changes that significantly complicate the process of diagnosis and treatment of this pathology. Dentition defects, combined with various dental anomalies and deformations very often impede rational prosthetics and at times make it impossible at all. The aim is to increase the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment of secondary deformations in patients with dentition defects by using primary dental implants as an additional skeletal support. For clinical evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment of secondary deformations in 20 patients with partial dentition defects there was performed orthodontic treatment using a straight arc technique with metal braces of the Roth system and primary detailed one-component implants as an additional skeletal support. On the diagnostic models of the jaws, the meso-distal dimensions of the lost teeth and their possible position in the dentition were determined, the shape of the dentition by methods of Pon and Korkhaus, the position of the teeth in the area of dentition defects was analyzed and the jigs of occlusion according to Andrews were defined. The use of primary dental implants as an additional skeletal support in the area of dentition defects makes it possible to control the rotation of the teeth and at the same time to use orthodontic forces of different intensity during their distal or mesial movement. As a result of orthodontic treatment of secondary deformations, we managed to achieve positive changes in the normalization of angles of dental inclination that limit the defect in patients with dentition defects. Along with the normalization of the angles of dental inclination (torque and angulation) which limit dentition defects we have noticed an increase in the distance between these teeth, which allows to restore dentition defect with dentures, better corresponding to the size of the lost teeth. Important, in our opinion, is the possibility, when using a primary dental implant as an additional skeletal support, to use the technique of segmental braces. The use of primary dental implants in the area of the dentition defect as an additional skeletal support makes it possible to restore angulation and torque of the teeth, which limit the defect, using orthodontic forces of different intensity. As a result of orthodontic treatment of secondary deformations, the distance between teeth limiting dentition defects on the upper jaw increased on average by 2.39 mm (p<0.001) and on the lower jaw – by 2.57 mm (p<0.001).
The association of sarcopenia and osteoporosis and their role in falls and fractures (literature review)
Authors: Povoroznyuk V.V. , Dedukh N.V. , Bystrytska M.A. , Dzerovych N.I. , Shapovalov V.S.
Published: June 2021

The progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength leads to sarcopenia in elderly people. A new geriatric syndrome has been revealed – osteosarcopenia (osteosarcoporosis), which combines low bone mineral density with reduced muscle mass, strength and functional activity. The review presents data on the peculiarities of manifestation of these syndromes, the mechanisms of which are multifactorial and continue to be investigated. They are associated with genetic factors, lifestyle – lack of physical activity and malnutrition. The pathogenesis of sarcopenia involves mechanisms of chronic inflammation, changes in endocrine function, disturbance of neuromuscular connections and low reparation level. Sarcopenia correlates with low quality of life, disability, and death. The review analyzes the prevalence of sarcopenia which increases with age. However, there are conflicting results in the populations, which may be related to different clinical conditions, patient area, lifestyle and the use of different assessment criteria. The analysis of sarcopenia prevalence in men and women showed ambiguous results related to the studied population, involvement of different age groups of patients, different evaluation methods. Metabolic disorders in muscular and bone tissues were summarized on the basis of the analysis of the cross-influence of regulatory factors and metabolism products of these tissues; a close metabolic and functional association between them was shown. Fat infiltration of atrophied muscles and bone marrow is common in patients with sarcopenia and osteosarcoporosis, which affects muscle and bone tissue. Lipotoxicity and local inflammation stimulate the biosynthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Literature analysis has shown controversial data on the association of sarcopenia and osteosarcopenia with falls and fractures, but based on meta-analysis data, which include an extensive body of information, it should be noted that individuals with sarcopenia and osteosarcopenia are more at risk of falls and fractures and require special special attention. The most common fracture in osteosarcopenia is the hip fracture.
Performance results of the improved working classification of superficial mycoses of the skin in carrying out their clinical and epidemiological monitoring
Authors: Akhmedova S.
Published: June 2021

The results of testing of the improved working classification of superficial mycoses of the skin and its appendages (SMS) in the Republic of Azerbaijan for the period of 2012-2016 are presented. Given the variety of classifications of fungal skin diseases, many years of clinical experience have shown that none of them fully meets the requirements of a practicing physician. The author has developed and improved the classification of mycoses of the skin and its appendages, which will facilitate the diagnosis and the appointment of therapy, since this classification takes into account the tissue and topographic localization of the mycotic process, which greatly facilitates the diagnosis by dermatovenerologists, and will also reveal the true prevalence of mycotic pathology. Based on the traditional form No. 9, among 246 cases of superficial mycoses of the skin and its appendages identified in the city of Baku for the period of 2012-2016, the largest number of patients (79.44±2.6%) were diagnosed with mycoses of the scalp – 32, 52±1.21%, smooth skin mycoses – 30.08%±1.28 multi-colored lichen – 14.80%±1.01, which corresponds to the frequency of occurrence of these forms of SMS at the age of 11-20 years (44.01±3,1%) and 0-10 years (39.08±3.1%), leaders in the age line of groups with SMS in Baku. A reliable statistical difference was revealed in the detection of superficial mycoses of the skin and its appendages in the city of Baku during the study period. Based on the developed working classification, the nosological structure of the incidence of SMS in the city of Baku for the period 2012-2016 is represented by the following – 1919 episodes: mycoses of the scalp – 675 patients (35.17±1.1%); mycoses of smooth skin – 638 patients (33.25±1.1%); multi-colored lichen – 264 patients (13.76±0.8%); combined mycoses of smooth skin and scalp – 134 patients (6.98±0.6%); onychomycoses – 97 patients (5.05±0.5%); purulent-infiltrative form of mycoses – 66 patients (3.44±0.4%); skin candidiasis – 19 patients (0.99±0.2%); feet of the mycoses – 19 patients (0.99±0.2%); inguinal epidermophytosis – 7 patients (0.36±0.1%). The prevalence of nosologies preserved in the largest number of patients (1578 patients – 82.23±0.9%), mycoses of the scalp – 35.17±1.1% (675 patients), smooth skin mycoses – 33.25±1.1% (638 patients), multicolored lichen – 13.76%±0.8 (264 patients). The greatest number of patients with SMS was also detected in the age group of 11-20 years (42.12±3.1%) and 0-10 years (40.32±3.1%). The data of a comparative analysis of the results of the developed and improved classification of superficial mycoses of the skin and its appendages with the data of the traditional reporting form, made it possible to expand the scope of the analyzed nosologies and increase the objectivity of statistical data for assessing the epidemiological situation in the study region.
Evaluation of the quality of medical care in cases of death from acute blood loss (according to data of forensic-medical examinations)
Authors: Pletenetska A.O. , Demchenko I.S. , Ergard N.M.
Published: June 2021

The peculiarities and specificity of the medical field complicate not only the assessment of quality and timeliness of medical care, but also the correctness of the choice of the method of treatment and diagnosis of the disease. The number of forensic medical examinations in «medical cases» has the tendency to increase, and experts in this case face difficulties with forensic medical assessment of medical care provision. Forensic medical analysis of the medical care provision to patients who died of acute blood loss, based on examinations of different forensic medical bureaus of Ukraine has been analyzed. The aforementioned examinations related to the corpses of people who died as a result of acute blood loss, including shock (150 from the total number of 6129 medical examinations were selected). This cause of a death was chosen as one of the leading causes of death in trauma (including a combination with shock). When evaluating gross medical care defects that were found during the examinations that influenced the result, 40.0% (60) – in the form of improper provision (action) were noted in 10 cases (the case of incorrect diagnosis made by the doctors due to underestimation of examination data), defects in the form of non-provision of medical care (inactivity) – in 83.3% (15 cases). In the statistical analysis of defects in the provision of medical care, the majority of cases were connected with delayed provision of medical care – 41,7%. Defects in cases of blood loss were under the following conditions: a) lack of instrumental research, medical treatment and surgery, b) lack of medical treatment and surgery by indications (each of 3,3%). When considering the reasons that led to defects in cases of blood loss, the isolated underestimation of the examination data was in 16,7% (25), a combination of reasons: a) underestimation of the examination data together with the underestimation of additional research data – 16,7% (25); b) underestimation of the examination data together with the negligent attitude to the patient who had a sloppy appearance – 6,7%. The unprofessional nature of the medical staff was in 16,7% of acute blood loss. When providing medical care in cases of death from acute blood loss, defects in the provision of medical care are made by experienced medical professionals in city hospitals (especially large cities of Ukraine), where there are adequate conditions for the provision of medical care, more qualified specialists of different profiles, and there are protocols for providing medical care in acute blood loss.
Doctor of Medical Science, Professor, Honoured Scientist of Ukraine Sukmansky Oleh Ivanovych (to his 90th birthday)
Authors: Khudiakov et al. O.E.
Published: June 2021

Doctor of Medical Science, Professor, Honoured Scientist of Ukraine Sukmansky Oleh Ivanovych(to his 90th birthday)
Features of small holder goat farming from Chitwan district of Bagmati province in Nepal
Authors: Dhakal Alok , Regmi Sujit , Pandey Meena , Chapagain Teknath , Kaphle Krishna
Published: June 2021

An assessment was done to analyze the status of small scale goat production system in Chitwan, Nepal. A semi-structured questionnaire having both open ended and close ended questions were interviewed to 147 farmers (69 males, 78 females). The average goat holding was 5.48±0.15 head with female: male ratio of 6: 5. Mainly women folks in the household were involved in husbandry of the raised goats. In this research, we realized that goats were a valuable commodity for the community in the survey area. Grazing in public forest, fallow lands, tree leaves, shrubs and bushes were the main sources of feed for goats throughout the year. When inquired about vaccination, 92.51% of the farmers did not vaccinate their goats and were not aware about its importance. The high index obtained was for health care constraints, followed by feeding constraints, breeding constraints, miscellaneous and marketing constraints. The findings of this survey are not very encouraging as even from one of the developed parts of the country, small scale farmers raising small small scale farmers raising goats seem to be struggling both in terms of technical and logistic inputs. There is need of awareness on improved care and management practices of goat.
Coffee income and its determinants: A case of Deusa village, Nepal
Authors: Banjade Navin , Atreya Kishor
Published: June 2021

Understanding economic contribution of coffee production and influencing socioeconomic and environmental factors for coffee income are vital for its promotion. The primary aim of this study was therefore to assess the contribution of coffee income to the household total cash income and identify influencing socioeconomic and environmental factors for coffee income in Deusa, Solukhumbu district of Nepal. A semi-structured questionnaire survey gather data from 55 coffee-growing households. We used Ordinary Least Square regressions (OLS) for identifying influencing factors for coffee income. Household annual gross income, from farm and off-farm income sources, estimated was around NPR 161 thousand, and the median value was 57.4 thousand. On average, coffee farming contributed almost 9% of the total household income in the study area. The OLS regression showed that sufficient labor availability (p<0.05), access to coffee-related trainings (p<0.05), and access to irrigation facilities (p<0.05) significantly increased coffee earnings. Likewise, environmental variables - elevation (negatively, p<0.05) and shade trees availability for coffee farming (positively, p<0.05) also influenced earnings from the coffee farming. We recommend provisions of trainings, improved irrigation facilities and tree saplings for shade management for sustainable coffee production in the study area.
Does adoption of agroforestry increase farm production and dietary diversity in the hills of Nepal?
Authors: Kattel Kanchan , Byanju Rejina Maskey , Atreya Kishor
Published: June 2021

There are few studies on the influence of agroforestry intervention in the farming and food system. We thus conducted this study to assess farm production diversity and household dietary diversity in the coffee-based agroforestry in Deusa village, Solukhumbu district, Nepal. This study collected data through questionnaire survey, food diary checklist for 24 hours diet recall, transect walk, focus group discussions, and key informant interviews. We compared farm production diversity and household dietary diversity scores between two agroforestry types - traditional and coffee-based. We used Pearson’s Chi-Square and Fisher’s Exact tests to assess the association between agroforestry type and 16 food groups wise consumption. Results showed that the farm production diversity is positively associated with the household dietary diversity. Among 16 food groups, households under coffee-based agroforestry system were more likely to consume dark green leafy vegetables (Chi square- 5.385; df=1; p<0.05), and descriptive statistics showed relatively higher consumption for most of the other food groups. It indicates that agroforestry intervention can be beneficial to improve farm production diversity and household dietary diversity in the longer run. Thus, agroforestry promotion is not only important in enhancing biodiversity and farm income but also equally vital in improving food and nutrition security for smallholders.