bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Validation of an Algorithm for Semi-automated Estimation of Voice Relative Fundamental Frequency
Authors: Lien Yu-An S. , Heller Murray Elizabeth S. , Calabrese Carolyn R. , Michener Carolyn M. , Van Stan Jarrad H. , Mehta Daryush D. , Hillman Robert E. , Noordzij J. Pieter , Stepp Cara E.
Published: August 2017

Objectives:

Relative fundamental frequency (RFF) has shown promise as an acoustic measure of voice, but the subjective and time-consuming nature of its manual estimation has made clinical translation infeasible. Here, a faster, more objective algorithm for RFF estimation is evaluated in a large and diverse sample of individuals with and without voice disorders.

Methods:

Acoustic recordings were collected from 154 individuals with voice disorders and 36 age- and sex-matched controls with typical voices. These recordings were split into training and 2 testing sets. Using an algorithm tuned to the training set, semi-automated RFF estimates in the testing sets were compared to manual RFF estimates derived from 3 trained technicians.

Results:

The semi-automated RFF estimations were highly correlated ( r = 0.82-0.91) with the manual RFF estimates.

Conclusions:

Fast and more objective estimation of RFF makes large-scale RFF analysis feasible. This algorithm allows for future work to optimize RFF measures and expand their potential for clinical voice assessment.
Fostering College Readiness: An Ethnography of a Latina/o Afterschool Program
Authors: Tichavakunda Antar A.
Published: August 2017

There are two, related types of college readiness: (a) cognitive—students’ test scores and grades and (b) noncognitive—students’ academic mind-sets, behaviors, and motivation. This study uses an ethnographic approach to examine how an afterschool program for Latina/o high school youth fosters noncognitive factors of college readiness. Based on over 80 hr of participant observation and 31 semistructured interviews, this work demonstrates how an afterschool program acts as a supplement to students’ noncognitive factors of college readiness. The findings also suggest that afterschool programs for high school youth can act as hubs of behavioral nudges toward noncognitive college readiness and access.
Pushed to Teach: Pedagogies and Policies for a Black Women Educator Pipeline
Authors: Gist Conra D. , White Terrenda , Bianco Margarita
Published: August 2017

This research study examines the learning experiences of 11th- and 12th-grade Black girls participating in a precollegiate program committed to increasing the number of Teachers of Color entering the profession by viewing a teaching career as an act of social justice committed to educational equity. The pipeline functions as an education reform structure to disrupt pedagogies and policies that push Black girls out of educational spaces at disproportionate rates by instead pushing Black girls to teach. Critical race and Black feminist theories are utilized to analyze interviews from Black girls over a 5-year period of the program and composite characters are developed to spotlight key findings that allow us to (a) better understand and amplify the collective learning and social-emotional experiences of Black girls in the program, (b) highlight and critique the challenges and possibilities for positively pushing Black girls’ intellectual identities as students and future teachers via pedagogies and supports, (c) identify spaces and structures in schools that can resist and combat the marginalization of Black girls’ agency and genius, and (d) consider implications for the development of Black Women Educator pipelines.
Eliminating porosity via reformulation of a benzoxazine–epoxy resin transfer molding resin
Authors: Lo Jonathan , Zhang Xingyue , Williams Travis , Nutt Steven
Published: August 2017

Use of benzoxazine resins in composites is limited by volatile-induced porosity, which degrades the thermomechanical properties of the product. In the present study, we demonstrate how to eliminate cure-induced volatilization and volatile-induced defects in benzoxazine composite laminates, using a chemistry-based approach. Like most resins formulated for high-temperature service, benzoxazine and benzoxazine–epoxy blends generally include solvent additives. Consequently, composite parts produced with such resins exhibit higher levels of cure-induced volatile release, often leading to porosity in the final manufactured part. Here, we develop a method to eliminate porosity by analyzing volatile release and the effects of residual solvent in a pre-commercial benzoxazine–epoxy system designed for liquid molding by resin transfer molding. Utilizing thermogravimetric analysis, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and dynamic mechanical analysis, we correlate the concentration of residual solvent remaining within the final manufactured part with the Tg, degradation temperature, and dynamic modulus. Lastly, a resin synthesis method is demonstrated that eliminates residual solvent in order to produce composite parts with optimal surface finish and thermomechanical properties. The report outlines a methodology for optimizing blended resin chemistry for production of high-quality composite parts.
Role of Social Detachment in Coping With Death Anxiety
Authors: Maheshwari Saurabh , Mukherjee Tuheena
Published: August 2017

The present research examines the strength of terror management theory in an indigenous Indian context of religious fair called Magh Mela. It explores how elderly Hindu people deal with death anxiety through practicing Kalpvas in Magh Mela. The research explores the role of social detachment and self-esteem in coping with terror of death. Study 1, a field experiment on 150 Kalpvasis (practitioners of Kalpvas) confirms the significant role of social detachment as an adaptive strategy for coping with death terror. The role of self-esteem did not emerge in the study. Study 2, another field experiment on 62 Kalpvasis confirms results of study 1. Significant role of years of Kalpvas on fear of death shows importance of the religious practices in managing terror related to death. The relation of terror management theory and death anxiety thus follows a different explanation for more indigenous contexts.
Using data wisely at the system level
Authors: Lockwood Meghan , Dillman Mary , Boudett Kathryn Parker
Published: August 2017

District administrators who want to build capacity for data use in schools may be well-served by starting in the central office. This case study of the Boston Public Schools shows how central office administrators can leverage their own data inquiry cycles to improve the ways they support schools in using data. Using the Data Wise Improvement Process, this central office team revamped its model for supporting teachers as they identify, practice, and integrate new instructional strategies to better meet the student needs they uncovered in their data. Here’s what it looks like when inquiry facilitators “walk the walk” of continuous improvement.
Leadership
Authors: Starr Joshua P.
Published: August 2017

Being passionate about social justice is not enough. School leaders can’t make positive change unless they know how school systems really work. In this column, PDK’s CEO, a former school superintendent, describes some of the ways in which district and state policies favor the status quo on issues such as school board representation, resource allocation, and the assignment of teachers.
Under the Law
Authors: Underwood Julie
Published: August 2017

The U.S. Supreme Court ruled on a number of cases in 2017 that have a bearing on K-12 schools. Among them were cases involving special education, free speech, and access to public funds by religious schools. In addition, the court’s lack of action in a case involving a transgender student also had implications for school obligations in that arena.
Backtalk
Authors: Sevier Brian
Published: August 2017

Faculty and staff often spend a great deal of time crafting or updating their institutional mission statements. But few students are aware that those mission statements exist at all, much less that they serve as meaningful guides for teaching and learning. The author recommends regular check-ins to see whether schools are practicing what they preach.
Multiple cortical brain abscesses due to Listeria monocytogenes in an immunocompetent patient
Authors: Khan Sadia , Kumar Anil , Kale Satyajit , Kurkure Nitin , Nair Gulsiv , Dinesh Kavitha
Published: August 2017

Listeria monocytogenes is an intracellular organism which is well recognised for its ability to cause meningeal infections in neonates, immunosuppressed, debilitated and elderly individuals. 1 Other less common central nervous system (CNS) infections caused by Listeria spp. include rhomboencephalitis, cerebritis and abscesses in the brain, brain stem and spinal cord. The neuroradiological appearance of Listeria brain abscesses is similar to other types and may also mimic primary or metastatic brain tumours. 2 , 3 We report a case of Listeria brain abscesses in a patient who was being treated for atypical parkinsonism. A good clinical outcome was achieved after appropriate antimicrobial therapy.
Tracing the Political Life of Kimsacocha: Conflicts over Water and Mining in Ecuador’s Southern Andes
Authors: Velásquez Teresa A.
Published: August 2017

In 2009, farmers in the highlands of Ecuador challenged a proposed water law by staging public rituals to venerate their watershed, called Kimsacocha, as the embodiment of the Pachamama (Mother Earth). They rejected the proposed law because it allowed for mineral extraction in communal watersheds. They argued that human and nonhuman entities are interconnected and that the state should designate communal watersheds as no-mining zones to defend the right to life. While some scholars have argued that indigenous ontologies decolonize the political realm, in fact they have uneven outcomes when mobilized in contentious mining politics. Indigenous ontologies enabled farmers to build a multiethnic movement in defense of life, but this did not lead to the implementation of their demands. Instead, the state appropriated the language of the Pachamama to produce a revised water law that promoted piecemeal environmental conservation.

En 2009, agricultores de la zona montañosa de Ecuador rebatieron una propuesta de ley de aguas mediante la organización de rituales públicos dirigidos a la veneración de la cuenca conocida como Kimsacocha, la encarnación de la Pachamama (la Madre Tierra). Rechazaron la propuesta de ley dado que permitía la extracción de minerales en cuencas hidrográficas comunitarias. Argumentaron que los seres humanos se encuentran interconectados con aquellos no humanos y que el Estado debe designar las cuencas comunes como zonas libres de extracción, defendiendo así el derecho a la vida. Mientras que algunos estudiosos han argumentado que las ontologías indígenas descolonizan el espacio político, en realidad éstas tienen resultados irregulares cuando se las emplea en políticas mineras controvertidas. Las ontologías indígenas permitieron que los agricultores construyeran un movimiento multiétnico en defensa de la vida, pero esto no llevó a la implementación de sus exigencias. En lugar de eso, el Estado se apropió del lenguaje de la Pachamama para producir una ley de aguas revisada que promovía la conservación fragmentada del medio ambiente.
Did You Reject Me for Someone Else? Rejections That Are Comparative Feel Worse
Authors: Deri Sebastian , Zitek Emily M.
Published: August 2017

Rejections differ. For those who are rejected, one important difference is whether they are rejected for someone else (comparative rejection) or no one at all (noncomparative rejection). We examined the effect of this distinction on emotional reactions to a rejection in four studies ( N = 608), one of which was fully preregistered. Our results show that comparative rejections feel worse than noncomparative rejections and that this may be because such rejections lead to an increased sense of exclusion and decreased belonging. Furthermore, we found evidence that, by default, people react to a rejection as though it were comparative—that is, in the absence of any information about whether they have been rejected for someone or no one, they react as negatively as if they were rejected for someone. Our discussion focuses on the implications of these findings, including why people often seek out information in the wake of a rejection.
Computer-Assisted Mathematics Instruction for Students With Specific Learning Disability
Authors: Stultz Sherry L.
Published: August 2017

This review was conducted to evaluate the current body of scholarly research regarding the use of computer-assisted instruction (CAI) to teach mathematics to students with specific learning disability (SLD). For many years, computers are utilized for educational purposes. However, the effectiveness of CAI for teaching mathematics to this specific group of students is unclear. First, a brief review of the diagnosis of SLD, the importance of mathematics instruction for these students, and the use of computers in the classroom is provided. Next, a review of the current body of research is presented. Finally, suggestions for future research are discussed. Since 1981, a total of 25 research studies have been published, focusing exclusively on using CAI for teaching mathematics to students with SLD. This review examines the current body of research for this area. In addition, the author provides recommendations for future research on this important subject for this category of students.
Management of Large‐Volume Subperiosteal Abscesses of the Orbit: Medical vs Surgical Outcomes
Authors: Nation Javan , Lopez Alexis , Grover Nancy , Carvalho Daniela , Vinocur Daniel , Jiang Wen
Published: August 2017

Objectives

To compare clinical variables and outcomes for children with subperiosteal abscesses of the orbit (SPAO) managed medically vs surgically to identify clinical prognosticators.

Study Design

Case series with chart review.

Setting

Tertiary children’s academic institution.

Subjects and Methods

The study included 48 children between the age of 1 month and 14 years, with SPAO from 2003 to 2013. Variables included age, sex, physical examination findings, laboratory results, computed tomography (CT) findings, hospital length of stay, length of antibiotic therapy, and placement of a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). Intended methods for comparison were the Student t test for continuous variables and Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables, and a forward stepwise multiple logistic regression.

Results

Thirty‐two (67%) children were successfully treated with antibiotic therapy only, and 16 (33%) required surgery. Abscess volume, abscess width, and the presence of gaze restriction were statistically different between the 2 groups. A multivariate analysis found abscess volume as the only predictor for surgical intervention. A subgroup analysis including only patients with an abscess volume of ≥500 mm3 (n = 26) was performed. Eleven patients were treated medically and 15 treated surgically, with the medical group having longer hospital stays (P =. 048), duration of antibiotic therapy (P =. 035), and higher incidence of PICC placement (P =. 005).

Conclusions

This is the first study to report that abscess volume has clinical implications, as children with SPAO volume ≥500 mm3 treated medically have longer inpatient admissions, antibiotic therapy durations, and PICC placement. When children present with an abscess ≥500 mm3, early surgical intervention should be strongly considered, even in the absence of other surgical criteria, to shorten duration of hospitalization and accelerate clinical improvement.
RETRACTED: Striking behavior of the rheology in heavy crude oils by adding nanoparticles
Authors: Taborda Esteban A , Franco Camilo A , Ruiz Marco A , Alvarado Vladimir , Cortés Farid B
Published: August 2017

At the request of the Publisher, the following article has been retracted for redundant publication.

Taborda EA, Franco CA, Ruiz AM, Alvarado V, Cortés FB (2017) Striking behavior of the rheology in heavy crude oils by adding nanoparticles. Adsorption Science & Technology. Epub ahead of print 29 August 2017. DOI: 10.1177/0263617417727996 .

After publication, the Adsorption Science & Technology Editorial Office became aware that this article had been simultaneously submitted to Adsorption Science & Technology, and two other journals: Chemical Engineering Communications and Energy Fuels, which resulted in the redundant publication of the above article.

The above article is near-identical to the following articles published by the same group of authors in Chemical Engineering Communications and Energy & Fuels.

Taborda EA, Franco CA, Ruiz AM, Alvarado V, Cortés FB (2017) Anomalous Heavy-Oil Rheological Thinning Behavior upon Addition of Nanoparticles: Departure from Einstein’s Theory. Chemical Engineering Communications 204(6): 648–657.

Taborda EA, Franco CA, Ruiz AM, Alvarado V, Cortés FB (2017) Experimental and Theoretical Study of Viscosity Reduction in Heavy Crude Oils by Addition of Nanoparticles. Energy Fuels 31(2): 1329–1338.
Investigating auditory processing of syntactic gaps with L2 speakers using pupillometry
Authors: Fernandez Leigh , Höhle Barbara , Brock Jon , Nickels Lyndsey
Published: August 2017

According to the Shallow Structure Hypothesis (SSH), second language (L2) speakers, unlike native speakers, build shallow syntactic representations during sentence processing. In order to test the SSH, this study investigated the processing of a syntactic movement in both native speakers of English and proficient late L2 speakers of English using pupillometry to measure processing cost. Of particular interest were constructions where movement resulted in an intermediate gap between clauses. Pupil diameter was recorded during auditory presentation of complex syntactic constructions. Two factors were manipulated: syntactic movement (such that some conditions contained movement while others did not), as well as syntactic movement type (either causing an intermediate gap or not). Grammaticality judgments revealed no differences between the two groups, suggesting both were capable of comprehending these constructions. Pupil change slope measurements revealed a potential sensitivity to intermediate gaps for only native speakers, however, both native and late L2 speakers showed similar facilitation during processing of the second gap site. Acoustic analysis revealed potential acoustic cues that may have facilitated the processing of these constructions. This suggests that, contrary to the predictions of the SSH, late L2 speakers are capable of constructing rich syntactic representations during the processing of intermediate gap constructions in spoken language.
Evidence Items as Signals of Marketing Competencies and Workplace Readiness: A Practitioner Perspective
Authors: Honea Heather , Castro Iana A. , Peter Paula
Published: August 2017

Although past research has spent considerable effort identifying competencies and academic activities that are associated with workplace readiness, the literature is largely silent regarding what might best serve as evidence to employers that a graduate possesses specific marketing competencies. In the current research, we develop a comprehensive set of evidence items that serve as potential signals of specific macro and micro competencies demanded for marketing graduates’ employability. Specifically, we first systematically compile a list of evidence items and then explore what employers perceive to be compelling evidence of graduates’ competencies. To our knowledge, this is the first attempt to capture and compare multiple evidence items related to academic curriculum, standardized measures, experience-based indicators, and the social-collaborative media environment and connect them to specific competencies as signals of workplace readiness. This research provides insights regarding how marketing curriculum should be leveraged in terms of assessments and deliverables that could be used by students to signal workplace readiness to employers.
The Myth of Fibroid Degeneration in the Canine Intervertebral Disc: A Histopathological Comparison of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration in Chondrodystrophic and Nonchondrodystrophic Dogs
Authors: Hansen Tove , Smolders Lucas A. , Tryfonidou Marianna A. , Meij Björn P. , Vernooij Johannes C. M. , Bergknut Niklas , Grinwis Guy C. M.
Published: August 2017

Since the seminal work by Hans-Jörgen Hansen in 1952, it has been assumed that intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration in chondrodystrophic (CD) dogs involves chondroid metaplasia of the nucleus pulposus, whereas in nonchondrodystrophic (NCD) dogs, fibrous metaplasia occurs. However, more recent studies suggest that IVD degeneration in NCD and CD dogs is more similar than originally thought. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the histopathology of IVD degeneration in CD and NCD dogs. IVDs with various grades of degeneration (Thompson grade I–III, n = 7 per grade) from both CD and NCD dogs were used (14 CD and 18 NCD dogs, 42 IVDs in total). Sections were scored according to a histological scoring scheme for canine IVD degeneration, including evaluation of the presence of fibrocyte-like cells in the nucleus pulposus. In CD dogs, the macroscopically non-degenerated nucleus pulposus contained mainly chondrocyte-like cells, whereas the non-degenerated nucleus pulposus of NCD dogs mainly contained notochordal cells. The histopathological changes in degenerated discs were similar in CD and NCD dogs and resembled chondroid metaplasia. Fibrocytes were not seen in the nucleus pulposus, indicating that fibrous degeneration of the IVD was not present in any of the evaluated grades of degeneration. In conclusion, intervertebral disc degeneration was characterized by chondroid metaplasia of the nucleus pulposus in both NCD and CD dogs. These results revoke the generally accepted concept that NCD and CD dogs suffer from a different type of IVD degeneration, in veterinary literature often referred to as chondroid or fibroid degeneration, and we suggest that chondroid metaplasia should be used to describe the tissue changes in the IVD in both breed types.
Peace geographies
Authors: Courtheyn Christopher
Published: August 2017

The emerging peace geographies subfield has made significant contributions to peace research by showing how peace is a contested spatial process and political discourse. This article integrates peace geographies with the until now ignored trans-rational ‘many peaces’ framework’s exploration of an even wider range of peace imaginaries. Yet some forms exacerbate rather than provide alternatives to intersectional violences pervasive in today’s world. I argue for a normative framework to evaluate the ‘plurality of the peaces’ illuminated by these subfields, proposing ‘radical trans-relational peace’ – ecological dignity and solidarity through trans-community networks – as a geographically and politically situated conception to analyze the ‘many peaces’.
The End of Love
Authors: Horowitz Sarah
Published: August 2017

When the duc de Choiseul-Praslin, a politician and prominent member of the French aristocracy, killed his wife and then poisoned himself in August 1847, the case shook the foundations of the July Monarchy. In the wake of the affair, conservatives used the murder/suicide to argue that love was a respect for hierarchy, while those on the left saw violence and anomie as stemming from inequality. However, both sides saw women’s affections as crucial to public life and social cohesion. This article thus situates the Choiseul-Praslin affair within the politics of affection and family life in mid-nineteenth-century France.
Evaluation of mechanical behaviour of unidirectional fibre-reinforced composites considering the void morphology
Authors: Chang X , Ren MF , Li T , Guo X
Published: August 2017

Voids are one of the most common defects in fibre-reinforced composite materials. Insightful understandings of the correlation between void morphology and material properties can benefit the desired performance of industrial products. A two-level analysis method for unidirectional fibre-reinforced composites containing voids is developed based on micromechanical modelling. Representative volume cells at different levels are developed based on the description of fibre distribution and void geometry. Finite element analysis was performed on the representative volume cell to determine the effective elastic moduli. Good agreements are found among the finite element analysis results, theoretical results of Halpin–Tsai equation and experimental characterization from literature. Results show that the mechanical properties of composites are significantly affected by void morphology. Larger width–height aspect ratio leads to a less modulus reduction of in-plane modulus, but it produces larger reduction of out-of-plane modulus. Moreover, the finite element analysis results can give good explanation to the discreteness of the experimental characterization. It indicates that typical voids that are formed in the autoclave process have significant impact on the out-of-plane modulus. The study considered the temperature effect on the composite containing voids. Results show that there is no coupling effect between porosity and temperature.
An Interoperable Model for the Intelligent Content Object Based on a Knowledge Ontology and the SCORM Specification
Authors: Zhu Xin-Hua , Wu Tian-Jun , Chen Hong-Chao
Published: August 2017

Based on the sharable content object concept of advanced distributed learning, an ontology-based intelligent content object (ICO) that can automatically reason and be reused is proposed. Then, by extending the advanced distributed learning or sharable content object reference model (SCORM) specification, an interoperable model for the ICO is developed; it involves (a) adding an ontological model of general domain knowledge for intelligent tutoring systems to the SCORM specification and encapsulating the design details of the heterogeneous knowledge ontologies, (b) adding a hierarchical data structure for the current ontology element to the communication data model in the run-time environment of the SCORM specification, (c) extending the application program interface in the run-time environment of the SCORM specification to enable the ICO to query various knowledge ontologies in a consistent way, and (d) adding an Ontology section to the content aggregation model in the SCORM specification to ensure that the same ICO can be associated with different knowledge ontologies. The proposed model extends the SCORM-based courseware model from a multimedia-based structured courseware to the intelligent courseware based on a knowledge ontology and can significantly improve the overall intelligence of the learning system along the lines of the specification, thereby providing a reference for the future development of the SCORM specification.
Acculturation Profiles and Associations With Parenting Among Immigrant Latinos
Authors: Williams Lela Rankin , Ayón Cecilia , Marsiglia Flavio F. , Kiehne Elizabeth , Ayers Stephanie
Published: August 2017

Acculturation and accompanying acculturative stress affects the parenting practices of Latino immigrants. We (a) examine acculturation profiles based on heritage culture orientation, mainstream culture orientation, familismo, and acculturative stress; (b) describe how social support informs Latinos’ acculturation profiles; and (c) test how these acculturation profiles are associated with parenting behaviors (including parental involvement, monitoring, agency, and discipline self-efficacy) and family conflict. A three-step latent profile analysis revealed five profiles of acculturation: Cultural Individualism ( n = 168, 15%), Cultural Engagement ( n = 810, 71.3%), Cultural Assimilation ( n = 47, 4.3%), Cultural Disengagement ( n = 23, 2.1%), and Cultural Stress ( n = 77, 7.3%). Social support predicted the Cultural Engagement profile, which was associated with positive parenting behaviors and family functioning. The Cultural Stress profile was associated with detrimental parenting behaviors and family conflict. Recommendations include family interventions that effectively support and strengthen culturally competent coping strategies in response to acculturative stress as a means to promote positive parenting practices.
Lawyers’ Question Repetition and Children’s Responses in Scottish Criminal Courts
Authors: Andrews Samantha J. , Lamb Michael E.
Published: August 2017

This study examined the effects of repeated questions ( n = 7,968) on fifty-six 5- to 17-year-olds’ testimony in child sexual abuse cases in Scottish criminal courts. We examined transcripts of direct- and cross-examinations, categorizing how lawyers asked repeated questions in court and how children responded. Defense lawyers repeated more questions (39.6% of all questions asked) than prosecutors (30.6%) and repeated questions using more suggestive prompts (52% of their repeated questions) than prosecutors (18%) did. In response, children typically repeated or elaborated on their answers and seldom contradicted themselves. Self-contradictions were most often elicited by repeated suggestive prompts posed by defense lawyers. Younger children were asked more repeated questions than older children, but child age was not associated with the types of questions repeated or with how children responded to repetition. Questions repeated after delays elicited more self-contradictions than questions repeated immediately. Most repeated questions (69.2%) were repeated more than once, yet no “asked-and-answered” objections were ever raised. Overall, the findings suggested that lawyers frequently ask children “risky” repeated questions. Official judicial guidance and training is needed to help identify and limit the inappropriate repetition of questions.
Power and Inequality: Intimate Partner Violence Against Bisexual and Non-Monosexual Women in the United States
Authors: Coston Bethany M.
Published: August 2017

While just over one in three heterosexual women will experience intimate partner violence (IPV) in her lifetime, 61% of bisexual women and 78% of non-monosexual women will. Combining previous research and theories on power, social resources, binegativity, and gender-based violence, this article analyzes the role of power and inequality in non-monosexual women’s IPV victimization. Using data from the National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey, this article first examines rates of IPV victimization for statistically significant differences between monosexual (e.g., only have dating, romantic, and sexual partners of one sex/gender) and non-monosexual (e.g., have dating, romantic, and sexual partners of multiple sexes/genders) women in the United States and, second, introduces theoretically important variables to logistic regression analyses to determine the correlates of IPV victimization among non-monosexual women (age, race ethnicity, income, education, immigration status, and indigeneity; partner gender; sexual identity). Findings indicate that non-monosexual women are more likely to experience sexual, emotional, and psychological/control violence, and intimate stalking, but have an equivalent risk of experiencing physical violence. Moreover, having an abusive partner who is a man, having a lot of relative social power, and self-identifying as “bisexual” are all significant factors in violence victimization. Importantly, this is the first study using nationally representative data that confirms non-monosexual women are particularly at risk for sexual identity-based violence at the hands of their male/man partners, suggesting binegativity and biphobia may indeed be linked to hegemonic masculinity. Suggestions for moving research forward include improving data collection efforts such that we can disentangle gender from sex and individual aggregate power from relationship inequalities, as well as more adequately account for the timing of sexual identity disclosures within relationships, relative to the timing of violent episodes.
How Novice Principals Face the Challenges of Principalship in the Arab Education System in Israel
Authors: Arar Khalid
Published: August 2017

This article discusses challenges facing novice principals (hereinafter: NPs) and the coping strategies they develop at the inception of their managerial careers. Qualitative research employed semistructured interviews with 40 principals in the Arab education system in Israel. Findings indicated that Arab NPs face conflicting demands of their communities and the state, especially demands of recent government reforms. The sharp transition from teaching to administration is beset by challenges, engendering anxiety. The new role is complex involving immense responsibility, they need to alter their role perception, and struggle to create an organizational culture complying with their vision. Cultural blocks face female NPs since principalship is traditionally an exclusively male role, attributed much respect and power in patriarchal Arab society. All NPs noted that they lacked professional assistance and emotional support. Nevertheless, professional mentors were seen as helpful. Conclusions may inform novice school principals facing similar challenges in traditional and minority societies.
Significant Publications on Infectious Diseases Pharmacotherapy in 2016
Authors: Fong Gary , Skoglund Erik W. , Phe Kady , Guastadisegni Jessica , Shea Katherine M. , McDaneld Patrick M. , Perez Katherine K. , Sofjan Amelia K.
Published: August 2017

Purpose:

This is a summary of the most important articles on infectious diseases (ID) pharmacotherapy published in peer-reviewed literature in 2016 as selected by clinical pharmacists with ID expertise.

The Houston Infectious Diseases Network (HIDN) was asked to identify articles published in peer-reviewed literature in 2016 that were believed to contribute significantly to ID pharmacotherapy, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). A list of 46 articles on general ID pharmacotherapy and 8 articles on HIV/AIDS were nominated. Members of the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists (SIDP) were surveyed to select 10 general ID articles believed to have made a significant impact on general ID pharmacotherapy and 1 article most significant to HIV/AIDS pharmacotherapy. Of 445 SIDP members surveyed, 212 (47.6%) and 95 (21.3%) members voted for general ID pharmacotherapy- and HIV/AIDS-related articles, respectively. The 11 highest-ranked papers (10 general ID-related articles and 1 HIV/AIDS-related article) are summarized here.

Conclusion:

With the large number of ID-related articles published each year, it can be challenging to stay current with the most relevant ID publications. This review of significant publications in 2016 may provide a starting point for that process.
Road Map for Research Training in the Residency Learning Experience
Authors: Personett Heather A. , Hammond Drayton A. , Frazee Erin N. , Skrupky Lee P. , Johnson Thomas J. , Schramm Garrett E.
Published: August 2017

The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists residency accreditation standards require all postgraduate residency training programs to teach and evaluate a resident’s ability to advance practice through project development and presentation, underscoring the importance of conducting research in today’s professional climate. Although many residents express strong interest in research participation and contributing to the medical literature, many obstacles to publication have been identified. We aim to illustrate a deliberate approach to teaching this material and structuring the longitudinal experience in a way that maximizes resources to overcome these barriers. Such efforts should aid residents, advisors, and program directors in establishing curriculum which leads to successful completion and publication of pharmacy resident’s research projects.
Construction process of a three-dimensional roadway geometry map for autonomous driving
Authors: Jo Kichun , Lee Minchul , Kim Chansoo , Sunwoo Myoungho
Published: August 2017

This paper presents a construction process of the three-dimensional roadway geometry map for an autonomous driving system. The presented process focuses on the post-processing and the three-dimensional roadway geometry modelling algorithms. The post-processing algorithm refines the raw Global Positioning System position data by combining the novel three-dimensional roadway geometry model which originated from the construction engineering of roadways and vehicle motion data from onboard sensors using a Rauch–Tung–Striebel smoother. The three-dimensional geometry modelling algorithm approximates the road geometry information described in three-dimensional point clouds into a mathematical curve model based on the B-spline. An adaptive curve refinement method using dominant points was applied to the road modelling algorithm. This dominant-point-based refinement method can reduce the number of knots and the number of control points of the B-spline road model while maintaining the desired accuracy of the roadway map. Also, since the dominant-point refinement method considers a road shape factor, such as the curvature and the arc length, for the road modelling, it is more efficient than the previous B-spline road modelling algorithms. The proposed map generation algorithm was verified and evaluated through experiments in various test conditions. The experimental results show that the presented construction process of the three-dimensional roadway geometry map can provide sufficient accuracy, reliability and efficiency for applications of autonomous driving systems in comparison with those of other roadway map construction processes.
Non-linear dynamic modelling of a switching valve driven by pulse width modulation in the hydraulic braking system of a vehicle
Authors: Gao Xiang , Yang Yiyong , Zhao Xun , Li Chenfeng
Published: August 2017

Fast-switching valves driven by puse width modulation have been widely used in the hydraulic braking systems (such as anti-lock braking systems or electric stability control systems) of vehicles, because of their lower cost and their functions which are similar to those of proportional valves. However, proportional valves have been widely investigated, whereas there is significantly less literature on the switching valves of the hydraulic control units in the braking systems of vehicles. In order to investigate the controllability of pressure, construction of an accurate theoretical model is the key to attaining this. Based on theoretical analysis and finite element analysis, this paper presents a non-linear dynamics model of a typical fast-switching valve. The non-linear model is composed of three submodels: a mechanical submodel, an electromagnetic submodel and a fluid dynamics submodel. The fluid momentum theorem combined with the simulation curve-fitting method is used to model accurately the fluid dynamics which are due to the varying flow field. The hydraulic force acting on the spool can be obtained directly from this model. Finally, the feasibility of the response time and the pressurization performance of the non-linear dynamics model is proved by comparing the simulation results from MATLAB/Simulink with the experimental results obtained on a test bench. The study shows that the model can be regarded as a predictive tool for future investigation.
Complexity in decision making: Determining university library opening hours
Authors: Ravenwood Clare , Walton Graham , Stephens Derek
Published: August 2017

Making decisions on academic library opening hours is complex with many pressures on managers. This research surveys senior academic library managers from the UK, using a questionnaire to reveal views on library opening hours, the decision-making process, and the pressures which influenced their decisions. A variety of factors were found, in particular satisfying undergraduate demands. The research also revealed the sources of information important in making decisions on opening hours and the influence of ‘political’ issues in the decision-making process. Some institutions remove complexity by utilising 24/7 opening, though this is not an option for many.
Faculty perceptions of teaching information literacy to first-year students: A phenomenographic study
Authors: Dawes Lorna
Published: August 2017

This study examines faculty perceptions of teaching information literacy and explores the influence of these perceptions on pedagogy. The study adopted an inductive phenomenographic approach, using 24 semi-structured interviews with faculty teaching first-year courses at an American public research university. The results of the study reveal four qualitative ways in which faculty experience teaching information use to first year students that vary within three themes of expanding awareness. The resulting outcome space revealed that faculty had two distinct conceptions of teaching information literacy: (1) Teaching to produce experienced consumers of information, and (2) Teaching to cultivate intelligent participants in discourse communities. When information experiences are intentional, and involve using and teaching information use while learning the discipline content, this becomes “informed learning”, which is a pedagogical construct developed by Christine Bruce (Bruce and Hughes, 2010) that involves experiencing information in new ways while learning disciplinary information behaviors and content. This study gives new insight into the nature of this “informed learning” in first-year college courses and reveals that faculty create cultures of inquiry in their classes and, in so doing, treat information literacy as central to their disciplines. In addition to providing a more substantial understanding of faculty perceptions of teaching information use, the study indicates that the new ACRL Framework for Information Literacy and the changes to SCONUL Framework reflect an approach to teaching information literacy that will be welcomed in the college classroom.
Flexible Bayesian P-splines for smoothing age-specific spatio-temporal mortality patterns
Authors: Goicoa T , Adin A , Etxeberria J , Militino AF , Ugarte MD
Published: August 2017

In this paper age–space–time models based on one and two-dimensional P-splines with B-spline bases are proposed for smoothing mortality rates, where both fixed relative scale and scale invariant two-dimensional penalties are examined. Model fitting and inference are carried out using integrated nested Laplace approximations, a recent Bayesian technique that speeds up computations compared to McMC methods. The models will be illustrated with Spanish breast cancer mortality data during the period 1985–2010, where a general decline in breast cancer mortality has been observed in Spanish provinces in the last decades. The results reveal that mortality rates for the oldest age groups do not decrease in all provinces.
“You need to do your research”: Vaccines, contestable science, and maternal epistemology
Authors: Carrion Melissa L.
Published: August 2017

Individuals who refuse vaccines are often painted as anti-science or ill-informed. However, drawing from interviews with 50 mothers who refused one or more vaccines ( n = 50), results from this study suggest that such depictions lack nuance and may detract from the ability of communication efforts to effectively address concerns. In particular, participants’ explanations for vaccine refusal relied on paradoxical arguments about science and expertise. On one hand, participants defended the ideal of science but criticized existing research for failing to meet requisite standards. On the other hand, they suggested that maternal experience could supplant the ways of knowing that give rise to such claims. Collectively, these explanations reflected critical, postmodern, and feminist perspectives on science and knowledge production and can help explain the persistence of the controversy surrounding childhood vaccines in the United States.
Dynamics of Territorial Justification
Authors: Dar Latief Ahmad
Published: August 2017

Territorial conflicts have been among the most important fallouts of the modern nation states, with the states advancing different kinds of justifications to claim the territory in conflict. These justifications play an important role in shaping the actions of the states and the solutions thereof. The states propound their claims on ethnic, strategic, geographic proximity, economic and religious considerations. As a result, there is an acute need to study the territory in conflict, not in terms of objective attributes but as outcome of a dynamic relationship that exists between an area, social processes and ideologies that give it meaning. This dynamic relationship is visible in the territorial justifications that Pakistan has raised over Kashmir. The justifications put forward by Pakistan are not grounded in a particular claim like the two-nation theory, but they have varied with time to hide underlying economic, geostrategic and other related motives in changing global and domestic context. Shifting the claims from religious to strategic or economic basis affects the nature of the solutions envisioned. The solutions in context of changing claims go beyond Pakistan’s officially held position of United Nations sponsored plebiscite.
The Income and Demographic Determinants of Physical Activity Intensity: Evidence from a Developing Country
Authors: Cheah Yong Kang , Azahadi Mohd , Phang Siew Nooi , Hazilah Noor
Published: August 2017

Estimating the factors affecting participation decisions of physical activity has continuously received significant research attention. However, the effects of income and demographic factors on physical activity intensity have seldom been studied thoroughly, especially in developing countries. To fill this research gap, the income and demographic determinants of the time spent on both vigorous- and moderate-intense physical activities among Malaysian adults are estimated using a censored regression model. The results are comparable to those in developed countries, such as the USA and Australia, which show that income, age, education level and being unemployed are negatively associated with the time spent on both vigorous- and moderate-intense physical activities. Compared to females, males spend more time on vigorous-intense physical activity but less time on moderate-intense physical activity. The present study suggests that acquiring a better understanding of the factors that can affect physical activity intensity is important for policy development.

JEL Classification: D01, I10, I12
RNA editing of AZIN1 induces the malignant progression of non-small-cell lung cancers
Authors: Hu Xueda , Chen Jingyi , Shi Xiaoshun , Feng Fenglan , Lau King Wai , Chen Yaoqi , Chen Yusong , Jiang Long , Cui Fei , Zhang Yalei , Xu Xin , Li Jin
Published: August 2017

RNA editing is a widespread post-transcriptional mechanism that confers specific and reproducible nucleotide changes in selected RNA transcripts and plays a critical role in many human cancers. However, little is known about how RNA editing operates in non-small-cell lung cancers. Here, we measured the sequence and expression level of genes of antizyme inhibitor 1 and adenosine deaminase acting on RNA family in 30 non-small-cell lung cancer patient samples and 13 cell lines and revealed RNA editing S367G in antizyme inhibitor 1 is a high-frequent molecular events. We determined overexpression of antizyme inhibitor 1 with RNA editing, implying the oncogenic function of this alteration. We also detected the association of adenosine deaminase acting on RNA overexpression with RNA editing occurred in antizyme inhibitor 1. Furthermore, the RNA editing could cause a cytoplasmic-to-nuclear translocation of antizyme inhibitor 1 protein and conferred the malignant phenotype of non-small-cell lung cancer cells. The in vivo experiment confirmed that this RNA editing confers higher capacity of tumor migration as well. In conclusion, antizyme inhibitor 1 RNA editing and its involvement in tumorigenesis of non-small-cell lung cancer pave a new way for potential clinical management of non-small-cell lung cancer.