bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
VARIETY OF GASTROINTESTINAL DUPLICATIONS IN CHILDREN: EXPERIENCE AT TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL
Authors: Perveen Shazia , Ali Sajid , Israr Shumaila
Published: April 2022

Background: Gastrointestinal duplication is a rare developmental anomaly that can be present anywhere along the GI tract, most often being found in ileum. The purpose of this study is to share our experience in evaluation of the presentation, investigations, management challenges and complications of patients with this very rare condition. Methods: This descriptive case series was conducted at the Department of Paediatric Surgery, National Institute of Child Health Karachi, Pakistan, from April 2018 to October 2019.  Data was analysed with regard to age, clinical presentation, investigations, surgical procedures, site and type of lesion, histopathology, complications and outcomes. Results: A total of five patients were managed in one and half year. The patients’ ages ranged from antenatally diagnosed foetus to 12 years old child. New-born who presented with antenatal diagnosis of abdominal cyst turned out to have duodenal duplication cyst. Among other four were thoracoabdominal duplication cyst, gastric duplication, jejunal duplication and ileal duplication, last two presented with perforation. Other presentations were abdominal pain, swelling and vomiting. Diagnosis was made on clinical ground, x-ray of abdomen, ultrasound and computed tomography. All cysts were resected successfully and patients remained asymptomatic till one year follow up except one patient who expired postoperatively due to liver failure. Conclusion: Enteric duplication can present in variety of ways depending on anatomical location. Prompt diagnosis and complete excision of cyst is the aim of treatment. However, these rare types of duplication are a challenge to operating surgeons.
INTRA-ARTICULAR PIROXICAM AND TRIAMCINOLONE IN A RAT MODEL OF OSTEOARTHRITIS; ELEVATION AND COMPARISON OF CHONDROPROTECTIVE EFFICACY
Authors: Ishaq Noaman , Ata Nausheen , Saqib Maryam , Shaheen Bushra , Zafar Ayman , Malik Ashwa
Published: April 2022

Background: Osteoarthritis is the most common chronic degenerative joint disease. Definite treatment of osteoarthritis is still undiscovered. This study was designed to evaluate and compare the chondroprotective efficacy of piroxicam and triamcinolone in rat model of osteoarthritis. Methods: This laboratory based experimental study was conducted in Pharmacology Department, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi, from April-June 2019. Osteoarthritis was induced by medial meniscectomy and anterior cruciate ligament resection in knee joints of twenty-four rats. They were divided in three groups with eight rats in each. Group I, II and III were control, piroxicam and triamcinolone groups that were treated by intra articular saline, piroxicam and triamcinolone once weekly for four weeks respectively and then gait pattern was scored. Animals were euthanized thereafter and samples were taken for histopathological analysis. Results: Comparison of gait score of control, piroxicam and triamcinolone groups exhibited a p-value of <0.01. Intergroup comparison of gait of group I and II, group I and III and group II and IV depicted p-value of <0.001,0.013 and 0.013 respectively. Likewise histopathological comparison of control, piroxicam and triamcinolone groups showed p-value of <0.01. While Intergroup histopathological comparison of group I and II, group I and III and group II and IV showed p-value of <0.001, <0.001 and 0.008 respectively. conclusion: Comparison of control group with treatment group proved chondroprotective efficacy of piroxicam and triamcinolone. On comparison of treatment groups, it was concluded that piroxicam has better chondroprotective efficacy as compared to triamcinolone.
OUTCOMES OF THE COMBINED ANTEROPOSTERIOR APPROACH FOR FOREQUARTER AMPUTATION IN SHOULDER GIRDLE TUMORS.
Authors: Khan Imran , Khan Zeeshan , Ahmad Israr , Khan Arif , Saeed Muhammad
Published: April 2022

Background: Forequarter amputation (FQA) is the surgical treatment of choice for tumours in the upper extremity and shoulder girdle that infiltrate the neurovascular bundle, shoulder joint and muscles of the shoulder girdle in non-salvageable cases. In both curative and palliative settings, FQA can serve as an effective oncological treatment for local control of tumour. Methods: All patients who underwent FQA in our unit from January 2016 till August 2019 for oncological indications were included in our study and their clinical outcomes were calculated. Results: Thirteen patients were included in the study including 8 male patients. Mean age of patients at surgery was 20 years (Range 10–53 years) with a minimum follow up of 6 months or till patient was deceased earlier. Six patients had primary osteosarcoma, 4 had Ewing’s sarcoma, 2 had Spindle cell sarcoma while 1 had Giant cell tumour. Six patients underwent surgery with curative intent. No major per operative complication was encountered in any of the cases with a mean blood loss of 350 ml and mean duration of surgery being 75 minutes. At last, follow up only 6 patients were alive, with 2 patients alive with disease (Metastasis) and undergoing palliative treatment. None of our patients had local recurrence. Mean survivorship for the whole cohort was 9.2 months (Range 3-18 months) with a mean survivorship for the deceased group was 7.1 months (Range 3–16 months) and mean survivorship for alive patients was 11.6 months (range 9–18 months). All the alive patients had phantom limb sensations and only one had a prosthesis in place only for cosmetic reasons, at last follow up. Conclusion: Although FQA is a significantly body disfiguring procedure, but in large tumours of shoulder girdle, this is a viable option for local control of the disease. Based on our study, although relatively small sample size, we propose the combined anteroposterior approach to be safe and reliable for advanced shoulder girdle tumours.
SPLIT-FACE COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MICRO-NEEDLING WITH TRANEXAMIC ACID VS VITAMIN C SERUM IN MELASMA
Authors: Raza Musarrat Hussain , Iftikhar Nadia , Anwar Ayesha , Mashhood Asher Ahmed , Tariq Shahan , Hamid Muhammad Ammar Bin
Published: April 2022

Background: Melasma is a very common skin problem that is much more prevalent in women. In our society, it results in many psycho-social implications and eventually leads to an impaired quality of life. Many treatment modalities have been developed for it. However, in recent years resistant forms of melasma have emerged that are unresponsive to the usual first line treatment options. Thus, this study is being conducted to explore new treatment modalities for this disease by using micro-needling with vitamin C and tranexamic acid. Methods: Thirty patients participated in this non-randomized clinical trial including 11 males and 19 females. All patients received Tranexamic acid via micro-needling on right side of the face and Vitamin C on the left side. A total of three biweekly sessions were performed. Patients’ response was evaluated at week 2, 4 and 6 on the basis of Physician Global Assessment, Patient Global Assessment, modified Melasma Area Severity Index and clinical assessment. Paired sample t-tests were used to calculate the difference in the means of two groups at 2, 4 and 6 weeks and p-value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: After first session, there was more improvement observed with tranexamic acid. At the end of 6 weeks, modified Melasma Area Severity Index, Physician Global Assessment and Patient Global Assessment showed significant improvement with both tranexamic acid and vitamin C. However, the difference between them was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: Both Tranexamic acid and Vitamin C are potent therapies for melasma as an adjuvant to micro-needling.
Physical Design, Origins And Applications Of
Iot
Authors: Thoutam Vivek Thoutam
Published: April 2022

While The Condition "Internet Of Things" Is Relatively Brand-New, The Concept Of
Integrating Pcs As Well As Added Bodies To Track As Well As Control Units Have Been Around For
Decades. Due To The Past Due 1970s, As An Example, Tools From Another Location Checking Out
Meters On The Power Platform Via Telephone Lines Were In Fact In Industrial Consumption. In The
1990s, Developments In Cord-Free Contemporary Innovation Made It Possible For "Machine-- To--
Machine" (M2m) Project As Well As Industrial Remedies For Device Tracking As Well As Likewise
Techniques To End Up Being Wide-Spread. This Paper Provides The Information About Physical
Design And Applications Of Iot.
An Overview of Clinical Trials in Chinese Medicine
Authors: Ghosh Sudipto , Ahammed Md. Tabil , Oion Md. Shariar Rahman , Debnath Sahasa
Published: April 2022

To safeguard human participants and to scientifically assess the efficacy and safety of a new medicine, a research protocol must be approved by an ethical committee before it can begin. The first point to mention is that when it comes to clinical research, there are fundamental differences between TCM and WM in three major areas: theoretical idea, practice, and technique. combos made up of different elements It is necessary to conduct a technical and ethical evaluation of the research process. These factors all influence safety concerns, non-clinical research needs, drug quality requirements, enrolment, and efficacy of clinical trials. In addition to ensuring that the medicine is lawful, a comprehensive assessment must take into consideration the attributes of the already available TCM drug.
Undergraduate Students’ Perceptions of the Use of Moodle Learning Management System in Usmanu Danfodoyo University, Sokoto
Authors: Bawa Nura , Imam Hafsat Yusuf , Bello Aishatu Jibril
Published: April 2022

This study investigated the undergraduate students’ perceptions of the use of Moodle learning management system in UsmanuDanfodoyo University, Sokoto. The study adopted descriptive survey design. The population of the study include all the undergraduate students from the University. Target population include all the 9200 students from the Faculty of Education and Extension Services. A sample of 370 students was selected as guided by the Research Advisors (2006) model for determination of sample size. A researchers’ structured instrument titled “Questionnaire Measuring Students’ Perception of the Use of Moodle for Learning” (QMSPUML) was used for data collection. To ascertain the reliability of the instrument, a pilot study was conducted and an index of 0.89 was obtained. Results from the study revealed that the undergraduate students had positive perceptions of the utilization of Moodle LMS. It was also found that some of the problems associated with the use of the platform for learning include inconsistency of power supply, technical and psychological issues. The study concluded that since the students perceived the LMS positively, it is crucial for the University to improve its ICT capacity and make available to students all necessary supports and facilities they need to excel academically.
The Effects of Ammonia Leakage, Air Pollution, and Transportation on Climate Change in the Village Environment Around Pt. Iskandar Muda Fertilizer (Pt.Pim) Dewantara District
Authors: Siska Deassy , Fithra Herman , . Sofyan , Nayan Ahmad
Published: April 2022

The existence of the Company PT. Pupuk Iskandar Muda in Dewantara District, North Aceh Regency, Aceh Province, in addition to having a positive impact, also harms the environment name in the form of air pollution (ammonia gas leakage), which is surrounding community. It hoped that the air pollution could control the North Aceh Regency Government and the Company not to harm the surrounding community. However, in reality, the Regional Government has not been able to carry out air pollution control/mitigation properly. In its prevention efforts, the Company has not fully protected so that the incidence of pollution repeats itself from year to year without special handling. This phenomenon seems to be commonplace and is considered trivial by the Company, the government and the surrounding community. The smell of ammonia gas that occurs almost every day in the Dewantara District is natural. All stakeholders are not dangerous and can coexist with it. It should not be left alone, let alone decided by academics as a harmless problem. The implementation of this research uses a descriptive-analytical study wherein obtaining as much data as possible is carried out through various techniques that are arranged systematically to seek data collection from research results that follow the nature of the problem and the research objectives to obtain. This study aims to determine the extent to which the implementation of air pollution control/mitigation (ammonia gas) and to find out what obstacles are experienced by local governments and companies in carrying out control/mitigation of air pollution (ammonia gas) as a result of the operation of PT. Pupuk Iskandar Muda in Dewantara District, North Aceh Regency, Aceh Province. This research hopes that strategic steps can be taken by the Regional Government and the Company so that the chronic air pollution (ammonia gas) will be immediately resolved and will not happen again. The outputs of this research are research reports and scientific publications in accredited national journals and research books with ISBN.
Instagram influencers and brand awareness: the impact on the youth followers in Singapore
Authors: Wong Jiayan Natalie , Talib Ameen
Published: April 2022

Due to the proliferation of social media, such as Instagram and its influencers, brands have begun to leverage on the latter’s large following to generate brand awareness for their products. The objective of this study was to conduct an exploratory research to examine if Instagram influencers have any impact on brand awareness. The study employed the use of focus groups and online questionnaires to gather primary data about the users’ motivations behind following such influencers. Multiple regression techniques were used to calculate the significance of the independent variables of the study. It was found that followers were more likely to have a negative opinion of influencers, as compared to a positive opinion. Despite this, it was also found that they continue to follow them on Instagram due to the three main themes that were identified: an attractive influencer, a high number of followers, and nicely taken pictures. In addition, it was observed that the brand awareness that followers receive through an Instagram influencer’s post, does not make any significant impact on the purchase intention of that product.
Efecto de dietas extruidas en base a torta de castaña y fruto de macambo, sobre los índices de crecimiento y zootécnicos en el cultivo de pacos juveniles
Authors: Chirinos-Ochoa Natividad , Díaz-Viteri Javier , Mego-Mego Virne
Published: April 2022

El principal problema en la actividad piscícola son los altos costos que genera la alimentación, lo que conlleva a la búsqueda de nuevas fuentes alimenticias que permitan elaborar dietas balanceadas a un menor costo.  En ese sentido, el presente trabajo de investigación evaluó el crecimiento de juveniles de paco (Piaractus brachypomus), a través de los índices de crecimiento e índices zootécnicos utilizando tres dietas con diferentes niveles de inclusión de torta de Castaña (Tl=25%, T2=30% y T3=35%) e igual nivel de inclusión de macambo (pulpa+semilla) (T1=20%, T2=20% y T3=20%) frente a una dieta comercial de testigo (TT=Purigamitana 25). Se emplearon 240 juveniles con 20,21 cm de longitud total promedio y 161,75 g de peso promedio; los cuales fueron sembrados en cuatro corrales. Los resultados demostraron diferencias significativas (p<0,05) en el crecimiento en longitud y peso de los juveniles evaluados, lo que indica que la inclusión de torta de castaña y macambo en las dietas hizo efecto significativo en el crecimiento de los peces. Se concluye que el T2 presentó los mejores valores para los índices.
Cultura organizacional y el desempeño laboral de los docentes en la Escuela de Contabilidad y Finanzas de la Universidad Nacional Amazónica de Madre de Dios
Authors: Cairo-Daza Sonia , Ruiz-Márquez Ydoya , Cahuana-Cairo Yeltsin Percy
Published: April 2022

El objetivo de la investigación fue determinar la relación entre la cultura organizacional y el desempeño laboral de los docentes en la Escuela de Contabilidad y Finanzas (EPCyF) de la Universidad Nacional Amazónica de Madre de Dios (UNAMAD). El estudio tuvo un enfoque cuantitativo, descriptivo correlacional y no experimental, presentó una muestra de 24 encuestados y un muestro no probabilístico, para la recolección de información, aplicamos dos cuestionarios a los docentes de la EPCyF. Como resultados obtuvimos que las variables cultura organizacional y desempeño laboral presentan un nivel alto con una media aritmética igual a 208.83 y 170.25, y una desviación típica igual a 36.08 y 15.10 respectivamente, con una correlación de Spearman equivalente a 0,264; con una “t” 2.85; con un p valor igual a 0.212 y con un nivel de significación de 95%. Concluimos que existe correlación positiva débil entre las variables cultura organizacional y desempeño laboral de los docentes de la EPCyF de la UNAMAD.
Obtención de colágeno a partir de subproductos de Paco (Piaractus brachypomus)
Authors: Cajo-Pinche Maria Isabel , Díaz-Viteri Javier Eduardo , Vílchez-Navarro Yban , Montalvan-Apolaya Pedro Saul
Published: April 2022

Madre de Dios, departamento amazónico del Perú presenta restingas y bajiales ofreciendo oportunidades para el desarrollo de la acuicultura, sin embargo, a medida que se incremente el número de acuicultores el precio de peces disminuirá. Por ello se planteó la obtención de colágeno a partir  de la piel de paco (Piaractus brachypomus), a través de dos métodos de; extracción con ácido acético a 45 °C por 12 horas en la etapa de extracción y relación materia prima: agua: 1:10 y 1:22, obteniéndose mayor rendimiento en la relación  1:22. Para el segundo método de extracción con hidróxido de sodio, ácido sulfúrico y ácido cítrico, a 45 °C por 12 horas en la etapa de extracción, y relación de materia prima: agua: 1:10 y 1:22, mejor rendimiento con la relación 1:10; además con este segundo método las características organolépticas del colágeno son mejores.
Measuring the collaborative supply chain performance: a literature review
Authors: GOUIFERDA Fatima , MOUNIR Younes
Published: April 2022

Inter-company competition explains the increased  interest of researchers towards supply chain management, which is seen as a better way of managing logistics activities and processes from upstream to downstream. In fact, supply chain management aims to offer a better overall performance of the chain and a better return for its members by increasing consumer satisfaction.

In addition, collaboration in the supply chain creates a strategy-based value creation process that allows members of the chain to coordinate and  synchronize their efforts in order to optimize their activities and rationalize their resources. Hence, to reap the expected benefits of collaboration, there is a need for continuous assessment of collaborative practices in the supply chain.

In this sense, the objective of this article is to raise the main models for assessing the performance of the supply chain and particularly the collaborative aspect. However, through the analysis of the literature we realized that, despite the focus of companies on collaboration, the number of research studies on this subject remains limited.
PERFORMANCE AND STRATEGIC PROCESSES
Authors: CHBAATTOU Rhita , LANKAOUI Latifa
Published: April 2022

The aim of this paper is to clarify the complex and multidimensional notion of performance, whether in terms of definition or measurement, and its link with strategic processes. These are "sets of actions or activities organized in a network, mobilizing resources and skills to create value" and "the finalization of the intentions of the company through actions" (Lorino & Tarondeau, 2015). They can be deliberate (rational and reflected), or emerging (imposed and not reflected). The article will try to explain the deliberate or emerging origin or both at the same time of the performance. It will provide a state of the art on strategic processes and their link with strategy, performance and organizational learning. It will show that the strategic processes are constantly renewed thanks to new combinations of resources and skills giving rise to organizational learning, which itself allows the creation of value for the company and therefore performance.
Reflections around the performance of the social enterprise
Authors: Benlahcen Tlemçani Mohammed
Published: April 2022

In a social enterprise, the notion of "performance" must be understood in a broader sense than just financial profitability. Because this type of company pursues a social mission whose achievement has collective impacts, it is necessary to go beyond what the only indicators provided by the market allow.

This article thus endeavors to construct a definition of the performance of a social enterprise that is as rigorous as possible, by developing an approach defining the performance of a social enterprise not as a "yield", but as an "expanded production" in adding to the traditional definition of production “the impacts”, usually not taken into account by the market, on all the individuals concerned, whether or not they are the direct beneficiaries.

By nature, these impacts are not taken into account by the market and their measurement refers to the classic question of the valuation of non-market goods. The author therefore examines the indicators for measuring the performance of social enterprises. The aim is to identify the different techniques for monetary measurement of the value of non-market goods and to indicate whether they are likely to lead to relevant values ​​for the evaluation of the performance of a social enterprise. This reading grid is applied to the technique of social return on investment (SROI).
Pengembangan Rural Tourism Melalui Pemberdayaan Pokdarwis Menggunakan Life Skill di Kecamatan Petungkriyono Kabupaten Pekalongan
Authors: Wibowo Dwi Edi , Jannah Kamalina Din , Permanasari Pradya
Published: April 2022

Program Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat bermitra dengan Pokdarwis Desa Kasimpar Kecamatan Petungkriyono. Mitra merupakan komunitas di bidang pariwisata yang mempromosikan petungkriyono menjadi ikon Kabupaten Pekalongan. Komunitas ini dibentuk oleh warga Kecamatan Petungkriyono Desa Kasimpar sebgai bentuk tanggung jawab untuk mengembangkan pariwisata di Petungkriyono. Sebelum ada Pokdarwis pariwisata Petungkriyono tidak ada yang mengurus dan kurang promosi. Berdasarkan analisa situasi tersebut diatas, permasalahan yang dihadapi adalah pemberdayaan Pokdarwis untuk lebih diberikan pelatihan untuk mengembangkan pariwisata. Hasil dan luaran kegiatan setelah dilaksanakan program telah tercapai yaitu, anggota Pokdarwis lebih paham akan tugasnya untuk mengembangkan pariwisata di Kecamatan Petungkriyono.
Harmful Algal Blooms in the Alaskan Arctic: An Emerging Threat as the Ocean Warms
Authors:   Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Anderson Donald , Fachon Evangeline , Hubbard Katherine , Lefebvre Kathi , Lin Peigen , Pickart Robert , Richlen Mindy , Sheffield Gay , Van Hemert Caroline
Published: April 2022

Harmful algal blooms (HABs) present an emerging threat to human and ecosystem health in the Alaskan Arctic. Two HAB toxins are of concern in the region: saxitoxins (STXs), a family of compounds produced by the dinoflagellate Alexandrium catenella, and domoic acid (DA), produced by multiple species in the diatom genus Pseudo-nitzschia. These potent neurotoxins cause paralytic and amnesic shellfish poisoning, respectively, in humans, and can accumulate in marine organisms through food web transfer, causing illness and mortality among a suite of wildlife species. With pronounced warming in the Arctic, along with enhanced transport of cells from southern waters, there is significant potential for more frequent and larger HABs of both types. STXs and DA have been detected in the tissues of a range of marine organisms in the region, many of which are important food resources for local residents. The unique nature of the Alaskan Arctic, including difficult logistical access, lack of response infrastructure, and reliance of coastal populations on the noncommercial acquisition of marine resources for nutritional, cultural, and economic well-being, poses urgent and significant challenges as this region warms and the potential for impacts from HABs expands.
Dennis C. Dirkmaat, PhD, D-ABFA
Authors: Dunn Rhian , Zurek-Ost Andrea , Lynch Paige , Bohn Warren Carrie
Published: April 2022

Dennis C. Dirkmaat, PhD, D-ABFA, is an essential figure in the discipline of forensic anthropology. He has been committed to research, as evidenced by the grants he has been awarded regarding victim recovery and outdoor crime scene interpretation. He has mentored not only hundreds of undergraduate and graduate students in his role as chair of the Applied Forensic Sciences Department at Mercyhurst University, but also countless individuals in the medicolegal system who have attended his annual forensic anthropology short courses over the past 30 years. Furthermore, he has conducted nearly 1,000 forensic cases to date and has consistently maintained his stance on the importance of the role forensic anthropologists play in outdoor crime scene recovery. His work and motto of “question everything” has surely influenced advances within the discipline of forensic anthropology, as well as encouraged his students to follow in his footsteps. Therefore, this article aims to provide insight into Dr. Dirkmaat’s life story and to present his achievements and convictions across his career.
The Impacts of Emergency Remote Learning in a CS Programming Course: a Case Study
Authors: Hauck Jean C. R. , Bardini Idalino Thaís
Published: April 2022

With the COVID-19 pandemic, universities had to close their campuses. The need to continue teaching in these circumstances has led to the adoption of an Emergency Remote Learning (ERL) model by many universities. Computer Science related courses needed to adapt to this model, adopting strategies and tools to keep teaching. Thus, this article presents an analysis of the impact of ERL adoption on the students’ learning outcomes in an object-oriented programming discipline. An Explanatory Case Study is carried out involving six classes, three from before and three after the ERL. The results indicate that there were no statistically significant impacts on the students’ learning outcomes, raising initial evidence that the adaptation strategies adopted may have been effective to minimize the impacts.
Linguagens visuais para o ensino de programação: uma revisão da literatura com foco em paradigmas de programação
Authors: Silva Marina Silva da , Ferreira Ana Paula Lüdtke
Published: April 2022

As primeiras experiências com programação determinam a atitude desenvolvida pelos aprendizes com relação ao assunto. Frustrações e dificuldades levam à desilusão com a área de Computação para estudantes do Ensino Básico e à retenção de alunos nos primeiros semestres do ensino superior. Uma das dificuldades enfrentadas é o foco em aspectos operacionais da solução de problemas, gerando excessivo esforço na correção de erros de sintaxe e menor atenção no problema a resolver. Linguagens visuais são atrativas devido ao seu aspecto lúdico e aos ambientes de desenvolvimento que facilitam a composição de operadores, estruturas e código. Este trabalho investiga, por meio do método de revisão sistemática da literatura, as linguagens visuais usadas para ensino de programação, com foco no paradigma de programação subjacente, que determina a forma de pensar e implementar a solução de um problema. A revisão mostrou a dominância do paradigma imperativo, decisão de projeto de linguagem que tem impacto tanto na forma como os programas são pensados e construídos quanto na atitude desenvolvida pelos estudantes a respeito da programação.
Análise dos Tópicos Mais Abordados em Disciplinas de Introdução à Programação em Universidades Federais Brasileiras
Authors: Silva Eryck Pedro da , Caceffo Ricardo Edgard , Azevedo Rodolfo Jardim de
Published: April 2022

O uso de intervenções metodológicas é necessário para combater os índices de retenção e evasão de disciplinas de introdução à programação na graduação (CS1), no entanto, de forma a elaborar estratégias abrangentes, é importante averiguar os maiores cenários em que o ensino ocorre. Neste trabalho foram analisadas ementas e conteúdos programáticos de 150 disciplinas de CS1, contemplando 61 Universidades Federais brasileiras, para identificar os tópicos mais abordados. Os cursos de graduação em computação analisados foram os descritos nos Referenciais de Formação organizados pela Sociedade Brasileira de Computação (SBC). Os resultados são compostos por 12 tópicos relacionados à programação estruturada, também comparados com listagens presentes em trabalhos semelhantes. Os resultados desta pesquisa reportam os tópicos mais abordados em CS1 pelas Universidades Federais brasileiras, objetivando apoiar a justificativa de futuras intervenções no ensino e aprendizagem dessas disciplinas.
Um Modelo de Ensino Virtual de Engenharia de Software Orientado por Competências, Times e Projetos
Authors: Marques Johnny , Fook Karla
Published: April 2022

Devido à pandemia COVID-19, muitas disciplinas oferecidas presencialmente em várias instituições educacionais precisaram ser repensadas para uma emergência e oferta virtual. Este trabalho apresenta um relato de experiência na aplicação de um modelo de ensino virtual de Engenharia de Software, envolvendo a seleção das Metodologias Ativas como a Aprendizagem Baseada em Projetos (PjBL), a Aprendizagem Baseada em Equipes (TBL) e a Aprendizagem Baseada em Competências (CBL), com foco em competências, equipes e projeto aplicado na disciplina Fundamentos de Engenharia de Software do Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA) no segundo semestre de 2020. O modelo apresentado contém um modelo de concepção e um modelo de execução. Também foi realizada uma análise de aderência do modelo de ensino virtual para dois importantes referenciais de ensino em Engenharia de Computação, como o Exame Nacional de Desempenho de Estudantes (ENADE) e a Sociedade Brasileira de Computação (SBC).
Compreendendo as três partes fundamentais dos algoritmos com o auxílio da Computação Desplugada: relato de experiência
Authors: Guarda Graziela Ferreira , de Rezende Sandro Miranda , Pinto Sérgio Crespo Coelho da Silva
Published: April 2022

O presente estudo apresenta uma experiência lúdica denominada “CookingData” que foi realizada em formato “mão na massa”. Trata-se de uma atividade de Computação Desplugada com intuito de auxiliar na capacidade de resolução de problemas, tomadas de decisões sistemáticas e incentivo do trabalho colaborativo. A experiência foi realizada junto a alunos do 4° e 5° anos do Ensino Fundamental. Neste sentido, a atividade explorou as três partes fundamentais dos algoritmos: entrada, processamento e saída com foco nas abstrações em nível de dados. Os resultados foram considerados exitosos e o método estimulante por ser uma atividade atrativa e não tradicional aos padrões de ensino.
A Utilização do APP Bitmoji na Criação de Personagens de Histórias em Quadrinhos sobre Computação
Authors: Costa Junior Almir de O. , Guedes Andrey de Jesus , Souza Gabriel Gonçalves de , Rivera José Anglada
Published: April 2022

Este trabalho apresenta um relato de experiência sobre o processo de utilização do aplicativo Bitmoji na criação de personagens de histórias em quadrinhos sobre a computação. Tal experiência foi desenvolvida por acadêmicos do curso de licenciatura em computação, participantes do Programa Institucional de Bolsas de Iniciação à Docência – PIBID. Além do aplicativo Bitmoji, foram utilizados o Software PowerPoint, Google Docs, Google Meet, bancos de imagens gratuitas e o Editor de imagens GIMP. Ao final da experiência, foram produzidas 14 HQs que abordaram diversos objetos de conhecimento sugeridos pelas Diretrizes para o Ensino de Computação na Educação Básica da SBC. Além disso, destacase que os acadêmicos de licenciatura em computação puderam vivenciar experiências práticas, desenvolvendo ações de planejamento educacional, seleção de conteúdo, definição de habilidades e competências, na perspectiva de elaborar as histórias em quadrinhos para transpor didaticamente os conceitos da computação.
Prática do Pensamento Computacional e da Língua Inglesa utilizando o Scratch: uma sequência didática
Authors: Silva Reinildo Souza da , Pereira Claudia Pinto
Published: April 2022

É crescente o número de iniciativas de Pensamento Computacional (PC) na escola em diversos países. Entretanto, o Brasil ainda carece de ações que implementem tal prática. O ensino de programação e da língua inglesa, já inclusos no currículo da educação básica, podem ser uma alternativa para a prática do PC. Este trabalho apresenta uma sequência didática de aulas de programação em Inglês, com Scratch, para estudantes do Ensino Fundamental I, aplicando a metodologia de Ensino de Segunda Língua Baseado em Conteúdo. Este design de experimento foi resgatado dos planos de aula de 2018, que foram reestruturados e reclassificados de acordo com a Taxonomia de Bloom, para a proposição de uma sequência didática. A partir dela e de sua reestruturação, foi possível analisar a evolução dos níveis hierárquicos do domínio cognitivo e da complexidade dos projetos desenvolvidos, além de mostrar que é possível praticar uma segunda língua ou qualquer outro conteúdo enquanto se aprende programação.
Processo de Construção do Currículo de Referência em uma Instituição de Ensino
Authors: Matos Jussara Pimenta , Martins Teresa Helena Buscato
Published: April 2022

Este artigo apresenta o processo de construção de um currículo de referência que será adotado como base para reformulação dos cursos oferecidos por uma instituição de ensino. Oportunizar aos futuros profissionais a apropriação de novos conhecimentos, com estímulo constante à pesquisa, a construção de sua própria formação e no uso da inteligência criativa e sensibilidade na interação com outros são pilares fundamentais na elaboração de um currículo que atenda os anseios do atual mundo em constante mudança. Estabelecer relações cooperativas entre as diferentes instituições de ensino, tanto nacionais quanto internacionais, bem como as demais organizações, abertos a um ambiente globalizado, favorecendo assim a existência de um campo de aplicação direta das aprendizagens absorvidas. Diante dessa perspectiva, têm-se como desafio a construção de um currículo que atenda tanto as orientações governamentais, tendo em vista a necessidade de alterações curriculares que surgem devido às reformas na legislação e nas políticas públicas, quanto à formação do egresso, aos objetivos de um curso específico, e em atendimento às exigências do mundo do trabalho, dos conselhos regionais, ainda considerando as competências de áreas, tais como, da engenharia e da computação. Os resultados apresentados têm como base a identificação do conjunto mínimo de grupos de conhecimentos essenciais exigidos pela instituição, de modo a maximizar o atendimento às diretrizes apresentadas no perfil do egresso e objetivo dos cursos, oriundos das diretrizes curriculares e catálogo nacional de cursos. A continuidade de uma instituição educacional perpassa por um acreditar constante na transformação de realidades, na importância da educação para o desenvolvimento sadio e integral do ser humano, no investimento em vidas.
Ferramenta interativa para o ensino de compiladores
Authors: Graciano Junior Wagner , Grossert Iara Tavares da Silva , Castello Branco Neto Wilson , Avila Alex Junior
Published: April 2022

Este artigo apresenta uma ferramenta didática para auxiliar no processo de ensino-aprendizagem da disciplina de Compiladores, por meio de explicações teóricas e da visualização do processo prático das etapas de análise léxica e sintática. A ferramenta consiste em uma aplicação web responsiva que, além do estudo dos conceitos teóricos, permite que o usuário digite e acompanhe o processo e o resultado da análise do seu próprio código-fonte. Ela apresenta o passo a passo detalhado com explicações do processamento de acordo com a interação do usuário, facilitando a compreensão dos conceitos envolvidos nas duas primeiras etapas do processo de compilação. Os códigos analisados devem ser escritos em pseudolinguagem para possibilitar que qualquer pessoa com conhecimentos de programação possa usá-la, independente de uma linguagem específica.
Jogo digital educacional para desenvolvimento do Pensamento Computacional para crianças com Deficiência Intelectual
Authors: Dutra Taynara Cerigueli , Ferreira André , Gasparini Isabela , Maschio Eleandro
Published: April 2022

O Pensamento Computacional (PC) é uma importante habilidade intelectual requerida para o atual contexto da sociedade. Crianças com Deficiência Intelectual (DI) podem se beneficiar do PC para desenvolver e aprimorar habilidades cognitivas. Os jogos digitais educacionais são uma das oportunidades para trabalhar o PC com crianças tanto neurotípicas quanto com DI, desde que contenham elementos de acessibilidade e sejam projetados observando as necessidades de seus usuários. Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar um jogo digital educacional criado para desenvolver o PC, de maneira intrínseca, em crianças neurotípicas e com DI, tendo como temática o processo de lavagem de roupa. O jogo é constituído de 3 fases com 4 níveis cada, em que cada fase aborda um pilar do PC de modo primário. O processo de desenvolvimento do jogo foi fundamentado em diretrizes de acessibilidade e apoiado por especialistas em Computação, Educação, Atendimento Educacional Especializado e em DI.
Lack of Diversity: Are you part of the problem or its solution?
Authors: Moro Mirella M.
Published: April 2022

Do Computing courses properly prepare students for dealing with diversity, equity and inclusion? This essay delves into such a question by presenting a survey taken by Computing educators, and discussing issues, solutions and challenges within different Computing areas. It is also a call to action, because when dealing with such matters, there is no being on the fence: a person is either part of the problem or working towards its solution.
"Fui contratado para ensinar Computação!": Um olhar sobre a suposta neutralidade político-pedagógica do professor universitário de Computação no Brasil
Authors: Bispo Jr. Esdras L. , Abranches Sérgio P. , Carvalho Ana Beatriz G. , Santos Simone C.
Published: April 2022

O propósito deste ensaio é lançar luzes (e algumas provocações) à discussão sobre a suposta neutralidade político-pedagógica do professor e seus impactos na educação superior de computação. É apresentado um pouco do contexto brasileiro em relação à temática da neutralidade político-pedagógica e suas problematizações. Também são expostos tanto alguns esforços em compreender as potenciais agendas implícitas de discursos supostamente neutros, quanto à importância de admitir uma intencionalidade na prática docente no ensino superior de computação. O ensaio ainda propõe um caminho possível para a construção da(s) identidade(s) docente(s) a partir de um pluralismo moderado. Lançamos mão de alguns autores para contribuir com o aprofundamento dessa discussão como Freire (1996), Skovsmose (2006), Saviani (1994), Hall (2006) e Biesta (2018).
Systematic map and review of Google Classroom usage during the Covid-19 pandemic: an analysis by data clustering approach
Authors: Lima Danielli Araújo , Isotani Seiji
Published: April 2022

The Covid-19 pandemic brought changes in people's lives and in various sectors of the economy, including the education sector. In this context, students and teachers were able, through digital technologies, to continue their academic activities even in these difficult times. Many of these digital technologies were used to bridge the gap between instructors and students. Thus, in this work we reviewed the literature to better understand the usage of one of the widely known tools adopted by several schools: the Google Classroom (GC). For a more conclusive analysis, we used a systematic literature review to obtain relevant articles (N=25), and then, we grouped them by similarity using clustering algorithms to facilitate data analysis and summarization. The best clustering algorithm among the three compared was the k-medoids, as it generated clusters with better data separation. In our research, 56% of papers were published in 2020 and 44% of papers were published in 2021. Most of the articles reported positive reviews (72%) of using Google Classroom during the pandemic due to its good usability and the possibility of browsing through hyperlinks. Nevertheless, some weaknesses were found in 28% of papers (negative or neutral review) when teachers or students faced instability in the network. In addition, some authors have presented solutions to get around the problem about the GC usage during pandemic, such as the use of other networks to support learning and the use of tools that allow synchronous communication between teacher and student.
Computer Security by Hardware-Intrinsic Authentication
Authors: Hoffman Caio , Aranha Diego F. , Côrtes Mario Lúcio , Araújo Guido Costa Souza de
Published: April 2022

The Internet of Things (IoT) has brought evident security concerns. New solutions in security for IoT will need to reduce the dependency on nonvolatile memory for key storage, promote easier means to uniquely identify billions of devices, etc. Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) have been adopted as the future for key derivation and hardware fingerprinting. This work presents CSHIA: a new computer architecture that takes into account limitations and strengths of PUFs to provide code and data integrity and authenticity in a seamless design that does not demand changes in processors microarchitecture or software. We describe and analyze a full-fledged FPGA deployment of the architecture and consider attack scenarios, including side-channel attacks on PUFs.
Towards Reliable Intrusion Detection in High Speed Networks
Authors: Viegas Eduardo K. , Santin Altair O.
Published: April 2022

Intrusion detection schemes must be able to detect intrusion attempts at a high network bandwidth, besides having to deal with the lack of realistic training/testing data, changes traffic behavior, unreliable classifications over time and adversarial settings. In this work a new intrusion detection model, namely reliable intrusion detection, is introduced, whose main characteristic is the usage of both batch and stream learning algorithms coupled together. The proposed model advances the state-of-the-art in intrusion detection, providing reliable detection even in the presence of network traffic behavior changes and lack of model updates. The work relevance was recognized in the publication of 5 top-tier journals, 10 international and national conference papers, and 1 registered patent, being cited almost 200 times in current works in the literature.
Blockchain-Based Academic Record System
Authors: Palma Lucas M. , Vigil Martín A. G. , Martina Jean E.
Published: April 2022

Blockchains oferecem propriedades como descentralização, transparência, pseudo-anonimização e integridade de dados. Combinadas com contratos inteligentes, elas permitem o desenvolvimento de aplicativos e acordos descentralizados sem a necessidade de terceiros confiáveis. Elas também podem funcionar como ferramentas para a melhoria de processos de governança. Destacam-se os trabalhos que utilizam blockchain na automação e aprimoramento da emissão de certificados de graduação. Esses trabalhos variam de uma simples prova de existência de certificados de graduação até propostas mais sofisticadas, que incluem o registro de créditos obtidos em um sistema de ensino superior. Neste trabalho, propõe-se um modelo automatizado, transparente, auditável e seguro para registrar créditos e emitir certificados de graduação utilizando blockchain. Os principais objetivos são minimizar a burocracia dos processos envolvidos, facilitar a auditoria e reduzir a falsificação de certificados de graduação. O modelo proposto considera a existência de uma agência reguladora pública de ensino superior e instituições educacionais independentes. Diferentemente de trabalhos relacionados, esta proposta abrange toda a trajetória dos estudantes de graduação, desde o registro até a emissão do seu certificado de graduação. Apresenta-se um protótipo e uma análise de custos considerando dados oficiais do sistema de ensino superior brasileiro e a plataforma de blockchain do Ethereum.
Controle da Disseminação em Agrupamentos Dinâmicos de Dados Para Rede IoT Densa Contra o Ataque de Injeção de Dados Falsos
Authors: Pedroso Carlos , Santos Aldri
Published: April 2022

O crescimento da IoT vem possibilitando a criação de serviços cada vez mais personalizados, entre eles destacam-se os serviços que lidam com massiva quantidade de dados. Entre as ameaças às IoT densas estão os ataques de injeção de dados falsos (IDF) por serem um dos mais agressivos sobre o serviço de agrupamento de dados. Esta dissertação propôs um mecanismo de detecção de intrusão contra ataques IDF, chamado CONFINIT, sobre o serviço de disseminação de dados em IoT densa. Ele combina estratégias de vigilância watchdog e consenso colaborativo para a detecção de atacantes, garantindo a autenticidade dos dados coletados pelos dispositivos. Uma avaliação no simulador NS-3 demonstrou que o CONFINIT alcança 99% de taxa de detecção de atacantes IDF, uma acurácia média de 0,84, e baixas taxas de falsos negativos e positivos. Além disso, ele aumentou em até 30% a capacidade de agrupamentos formados, comprovando sua eficácia para apoiar a disponibilidade do serviço.
Ferramenta PPCensor: detecção de pornografia em tempo real no streaming de vídeo
Authors: Mallmann Jackson , Santin Altair O. , Viegas Eduardo K. , Santos Roger R. dos , Geremias Jhonatan
Published: April 2022

Este artigo apresenta a ferramenta Private Parts Censor (PPCensor) para detecção de objetos de natureza pornográfica implementado como um proxy. Para tanto, a ferramenta efetua a análise em tempo real de maneira transparente dos frames de vídeos que estão sendo visualizados por usuários. Para a detecção dos objetos pornográficos, um detector de objetos é previamente treinado com a PPO (Private Parts Object Dataset). Quando PPCensor identifica um frame contendo partes íntimas (objetos), o conteúdo é ocultado do vídeo em exibição sem a necessidade de iteração ou a exigência de processamento no dispositivo do usuário. Os resultados da avaliação mostram que PPCensor é capaz de detectar partes íntimas em tempo real durante transmissões de vídeo.
hashify: Uma Ferramenta para Visualização de Hashes com Animações
Authors: Ribeiro Jorge Miguel , Batista Daniel Macêdo , Pina José Coelho de
Published: April 2022

Comparar hashes é uma operação importante em segurança digital, porém tediosa e propensa a erros quando os hashes estão na forma de strings hexadecimais. Esse artigo apresenta um novo software de visualização de hashes com animações. O software, nomeado hashify, utiliza 4 caracteres e 4 ícones SVG para gerar animações de 2 segundos que transmitem por volta de 48 bits de uma sequência derivada do hash original. Ele foi implementado como uma biblioteca JavaScript e foi embutido em um protótipo de extensão do Firefox, que utiliza a biblioteca para mostrar uma estampa do certificado HTTPS utilizado em uma página web. A probabilidade de colisão e os resultados de uma pesquisa feita com usuários atestam a eficácia do hashify.