bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Classic Versus Type II Enteropathy-Associated T-Cell Lymphoma: Diagnostic Considerations
Authors: Arps David P. , Smith Lauren B.
Published: August 2013

Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma is a rare type of peripheral T-cell lymphoma that characteristically involves the jejunum or ileum. Awareness of the histologic and immunophenotypic features of this subtype of lymphoma is important for accurate subclassification. Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma has 2 forms, classic and type II, with different clinical and pathologic features. The 2 types will be described and discussed, with an emphasis on how to differentiate these entities in routine practice.
Locating Science Fiction
Authors: Milner Andrew
Published: August 2013

Locating Science Fiction is a ground breaking and potentially paradigm-shifting book, a major intervention into contemporary theoretical debates about SF. Academic literary criticism has tended to locate SF primarily in relation to the older genre of utopia; fan criticism primarily in relation to fantasy and SF in other media, especially film and television; popular fiction studies primarily in relation to other contemporary genres such as the romance and the thriller. This bold new synthesis relocates SF in relation to each of these other genres and media and also to the historical and geographic contexts of its emergence and development. Locating Science Fiction effects a series of vital shifts in the way SF theory and criticism has conceptualised its subject, away from prescriptively abstract dialectics of cognition and estrangement and towards the empirically grounded understanding of what is actually a messy amalgam of texts, practices and artefacts. Inspired by Raymond Williams's cultural materialism, Pierre Bourdieu's sociology of culture and Franco Moretti's application of world systems theory to literary studies, Locating Science Fiction draws on the disciplinary competences of Comparative Literature, Cultural Studies, Critical Theory and Sociology to produce a powerfully persuasive mode of analysis, engagement and argument.
Biodigestão anaeróbia com substrato formado pela combinação de esterco ovinocaprino, manipueira e biofertilizante
Authors: Silva Claudionor de Oliveira , Cezar Vicente Rodolfo Santos , Santos Marilia Batista dos , Santos Auriane Santana
Published: August 2013

A biodigestão anaeróbia é uma alternativa para o tratamento dos resíduos descartados tanto pela ovinocaprinocultura quanto pelo processo de fabricação da farinha de mandioca no estado de Alagoas, que apresentam um alto grau de poluição caracterizando-se por sua alta carga orgânica, causando impactos nos cursos d’água e solos próximos às casas de farinha. O presente estudo avaliou a biodigestão anaeróbia com substrato formado pela combinação de esterco ovinocaprino, manipueira e a adição de 25% de biofertilizante proveniente do mesmo substrato. O biodigestor utilizado foi o modelo Indiano, com capacidade útil de 80 litros e com tempo de retenção hidráulica de 50 dias, abastecido de forma contínua. O experimento foi realizado no Instituto Federal de Alagoas – Campus Marechal Deodoro, durante 130 dias, onde foram realizadas leituras de pH, análises de sólidos totais e a quantificação do biogás. Observou-se que, com o acréscimo de 25% de biofertilizante no substrato, reduziu-se a quantidade de solução alcalina usada na correção do pH, alcançando valores de pH médio entre 7,0 e 7,85, além de uma redução global de 40,85% de sólidos totais e uma produção média semanal de 5,36 litros de biogás por Kg de substrato. Assim sendo, estes resultados poderão ser utilizados como ferramenta para um melhor gerenciamento dos resíduos gerados pelas casas de farinha e/ou propriedades rurais.
La construction du Parlement du Mercosur
Authors: Dri Clarissa Franzoi
Published: August 2013

Les principes démocratiques des États occidentaux influencent de plus en plus la façon dont ceux-ci conduisent leurs relations internationales. Les acteurs parlementaires, par exemple, organisent des forums transnationaux afin de discuter de leurs perspectives sur la politique internationale. En Amérique latine, pourtant, cette tendance est limitée par la tradition présidentielle et par le caractère intergouvernemental du régionalisme. Comment donc la création d’un parlement au sein du Mercosur peut-elle être expliquée ? Cet article cherche à évaluer les raisons de la construction institutionnelle du Parlement du Mercosur au-delà du discours officiel. L’analyse, fondée sur le cadre théorique des « trois I » et sur des entretiens qualitatifs, identifie des facteurs liés aux institutions, aux intérêts et aux idées qui ont joué ensemble dans ce résultat politique.
Équilibres régionaux et stratégies des non-puissances
Authors: Chabbi Mourad , Lim Yves-Heng
Published: August 2013

Si le programme de recherche réaliste s’est largement focalisé sur les stratégies des grandes puissances, il s’est montré relativement indifférent à celles qu’ont mises en place les autres États formant le système international. En prolongeant les axiomes réalistes, ce travail montre qu’il existe une stratégie particulièrement efficace pour les non-puissances, celle-ci consistant en une forme originale d’« engagement multidirectionnel » qui vise à créer un équilibre au sein du système. Axé sur deux régions majeures du système mondial contemporain, ce travail montre que les non-puissances du Golfe et de l’Asie du Sud-Est ont mis en place de telles stratégies dans l’après-guerre froide.
Governance and social capital in the co-management of benthic resources in Chile: contributions from a network analysis to the study of small-scale artisanal fisheries
Authors: Marín Andrés , Gelcich Stefan
Published: August 2013

Co-management or collaborative management is considered tobe a relational institution, since it places emphasis not only on the administrationof resources as such, but also on the social relations between multipleactors with diverse interests in the territory. For this reason, growing interestexists in studying comanagement using social network analysis (sna) and therelated concept of social capital. In this article, we present two applicationsfor the use of sna to understand co-management, using the Chilean systemof Management and Exploitation Areas for Benthic Resources (amerb) as acase study. sna tools are applied speci-fically to: 1) describe and analyse thegovernance network underlying the amerb system, and 2) explore the roleof fisher organizations’ social capital in co-management functioning andperformance. Based on the applications described in the article, we proposethe social network approach as a promising and complementary standpointfor the development and reformulation of more effective public policy, withgrowing participation of local communities.
CUHSO 22-1 Completo
Authors: . .
Published: August 2013

.
Cuando la escuela se transforma en un infierno: Estudio sobre el contenido de las representaciones sociales de la violencia escolar en una escuela secundaria de la Ciudad de México
Authors: Baggini Arri Iván
Published: August 2013

La violencia en la escuela se ha constituido a lo largo de los últimosaños en México en un tema prioritario en las investigaciones sociales,como asimismo en un tópico destacado en la agenda pública debido al incrementode los casos de inseguridad en el interior de los establecimientoseducativos y en su entorno, además del grado de crueldad que denotan lasacciones violentas y sus consecuencias entre otros motivos, originando unamultiplicidad de estudios que, amparados en marcos teóricos y disciplinariosdiversos, han permitido un análisis del tema desde la perspectiva educativa,social, política, psicológica y de la salud. No obstante, la limitadaliteratura disponible que escruta este problema social desde la mirada de lasrepresentaciones sociales hace que el presente escrito muestre el análisis delas narrativas que los actores de una escuela secundaria periférica de la ciudadde México tienen sobre la violencia escolar con la pretensión de conocerel contenido de las representaciones sociales. Para alcanzar este objetivo setuvo en cuenta un diseño cualitativo en donde se destaca la utilización dela entrevista, la observación y la revisión documental como las técnicas quepermiten la construcción de los datos a partir de los testimonios ofrecidos por los actores escolares de una escuela secundaria y la teoría fundamentadacomo el recurso para la reconstrucción del contenido de las representaciones.La importancia de estudiar este tema radica en la necesidad de hacervisible los significados sociales que el sentido común le atribuye a este fenómenopara entender las prácticas agresivas que se suscitan en el interior dela escuela, además de brindar insumos que ayuden a una revisión de las políticaseducativas que se implementan actualmente para la creación de ambientesescolares basados en el desarrollo de una cultura de la paz. En estesentido, consideramos que el significado de la violencia escolar es construidopor los diversos actores a partir de la conjunción de numerosos factoresde orden subjetivo y social, dando lugar a la construcción de cuatro tipos derepresentaciones que tienden a complementarse y yuxtaponerse en su interpretacióncomo orientadoras de la acción individual y colectiva, originadolos siguientes significados a saber: la violencia escolar como instrumento,la violencia como una forma de relación escolar, la violencia escolar comorasgo identitario y la violencia escolar como efecto de las transformacionessociales.
Reflexiones críticas desde los márgenes sobre la producción de conocimientos para una acción transformadora
Authors: Gimeno Martín Juan Carlos
Published: August 2013

Desde la perplejidad de un académico que habita una Europa encrisis, en este artículo se exploran, en forma de conversación, algunas perspectivascríticas que se han ido consolidando en América Latina sobre elmundo en que vivimos y sobre lo que nos ha traído hasta él, reivindicandola producción del conocimiento desde los márgenes, desde las fronteras,desde los sujetos negados por la «historia». El enfoque utilizado, que valorala existencia, la resistencia, las luchas de mujeres y hombres por conquistarun lugar en el mundo, y para construir un mundo que les reconozca en suparticularidad, parte de la convicción de que la teoría es un proceso queimplica redefinir constantemente conceptos, dejar de pensar de cierto modoy empezar a pensar de otros modos, más adecuados a nuestro contexto. Eseproceso constituye un reto para las ciencias sociales, en particular, que debieranindisciplinarse, y para las instituciones académicas y universidades,en general, cuyo papel podría redefinirse como un actor de retaguardia:responsable de la producción rigurosa de conocimiento desde múltiples lugares,y comprometido en acompañar procesos de transformación socialimpulsados en las luchas por construir un mundo humano.
Paz con la naturaleza: Una perspectiva ecológica desde la no violencia
Authors: Elizalde Hevia Antonio
Published: August 2013

El artículo se propone poner en cuestión la relación de la humanidadcon la naturaleza definida por la lógica de la dominación de la cienciamoderna. Respecto a esta «tecnoesfera» se propone dar cuenta de una seriede falacias que resulta urgente superar: nuestra vida separada del mundonatural, la desingularización como destrucción de la diversidad, la exteriorizaciónde una vida construida de apariencias y la falacia de la uniformacióny aceleración del tiempo. A partir de ello se plantea una nueva relación conla naturaleza como sujeto de derechos. Como ejemplo de ello se analizanlas propuestas del «Sumak Kawsay» y «Suma Qamaña» desarrolladas porKichwas y Aymaras, así como otras propuestas latinoamericanas que defiendenun nuevo vínculo con la naturaleza, pasando de la lógica del «recursonatural» a la de «criar la vida» en una nueva sacralidad y una nueva éticapara vincularnos con nuestro entorno.
Empirical relationships between natural vibration period and height of buildings in Singapore
Authors: Pan Tso‐Chien , Goh Key Seng , Megawati Kusnowidjaja
Published: August 2013

Singapore is a classic case of a modern metropolis with low hazard but high exposure to the seismicity in Sumatra. Because of land shortage, more than 80% of the population lives in high‐rise residential buildings. As part of the efforts to assess the seismic performance of buildings in Singapore subjected to long‐distance Sumatran earthquakes, relationships between the natural vibration period and height of high‐rise public residential buildings in Singapore are derived empirically by conducting ambient vibration tests on 116 buildings. The measured buildings have a height ranging from 4 to 30 stories. The aspect ratio of buildings in plan is found to be insignificant in affecting the natural vibration period of the first mode of the buildings. The period‐height relationships are derived using regression analysis considering the site properties of a building. It is concluded that the vibration periods estimated from the proposed period‐height relationship for buildings located at soft‐soil site are about 40% longer than the vibration periods estimated for buildings located at firm‐soil site. Measurements are also conducted to study the influence of buildings on the measured frequency of the surrounding soil. For this purpose, two buildings with 25 and 30 stories located at firm‐soil site and soft‐soil site, respectively, are selected. It is found that the distance of building influence on the measured frequency of the surrounding soil may reach up to one building height for a firm‐soil site and two building heights for a soft‐soil site. Additional data of natural vibration periods of 19 instrumented residential buildings, which have height ranging from 9 to 30 stories, were obtained from the building response recorded during the September 30, 2009 Sumatran earthquake event. The natural vibration periods of these buildings are compared with those estimated using the proposed period‐height relationships, and the absolute differences are found to be less than 12%. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Loss of p53 cooperates with K‐ras activation to induce glioma formation in a region‐independent manner
Authors: Muñoz Diana Marcela , Tung Takyee , Agnihotri Sameer , Singh Sanjay , Guha Abhijit , Zadeh Gelareh , Hawkins Cynthia
Published: August 2013

Gliomas are recognized as a heterogeneous group of neoplasms differing in their location and morphological features. These differences, between and within varying grades of gliomas, have not been explained solely on the grounds of an oncogenic stimulus. Interactions with the tumor microenvironment as well as inherent characteristics of the cell of origin are likely a source of this heterogeneity. There is an ongoing debate over the cell of origin of gliomas, where some suggest a progenitor, while others argue for a stem cell origin. Thus, it is presumed that neurogenic regions of the brain such as the subventricular zone (SVZ) containing large numbers of neural stem and progenitor populations are more susceptible to transformation. Our studies demonstrate that K‐rasG12D cooperates with the loss of p53 to induce gliomas from both the SVZ and cortical region, suggesting that cells in the SVZ are not uniquely gliomagenic. Using combinations of doxycycline‐inducible K‐rasG12D and p53 loss, we show that tumors induced by the cooperative actions of these genes remain dependent on active K‐ras expression, as deinduction of K‐rasG12D leads to complete tumor regression despite absence of p53. These results suggest that the interplay between specific combinations of genetic alterations and susceptible cell types, rather than the site of origin, are important determinates of gliomagenesis. Additionally, this model supports the view that, although several genetic events may be necessary to confer traits associated with oncogenic transformation, inactivation of a single oncogenic partner can undermine tumor maintenance, leading to regression and disease remission. GLIA 2013;61:1862–1872
Valorization of an invasive woody species, Acacia dealbata, by means of Ionic liquid pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis
Authors: Yáñez Remedios , Gómez Belén , Martínez Martina , Gullón Beatriz , Alonso José Luis
Published: August 2013

BACKGROUND

The availability of efficient pretreatments is a priority for the development of lignocellulose biorefineries. In this context, the utilization of widespread invasive raw materials and green solvents shows potential advantages. This study provides an experimental assessment on the pretreatment of Acacia dealbata with the ionic liquid 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium acetate (EMIMAc).

RESULTS

Under the selected operational conditions (150 °C for 30 min), EMIMAc pretreatment led to favorable percentages of cellulose and xylan recoveries (88% and 66%, respectively), and resulted in about a 13‐fold increase in cellulose conversion and a 20‐fold increase in xylan with respect to the untreated raw material.

CONCLUSION

The valorization of Acacia dealbata by EMIMAc pretreatments followed by enzymatic hydrolysis of the resulting solids led to high fermentable glucose yields suitable as carbon sources for the biotechnological production of chemicals and biofuels. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry
Preparation of labeled human drug metabolites and drug‐drug interaction‐probes with fungal peroxygenases
Authors: Poraj‐Kobielska Marzena , Atzrodt Jens , Holla Wolfgang , Sandvoss Martin , Gröbe Glenn , Scheibner Katrin , Hofrichter Martin
Published: August 2013

Enzymatic conversion of a drug can be an efficient alternative for the preparation of a complex metabolite compared with a multi‐step chemical synthesis approach. Limitations exist for chemical methods for direct oxygen incorporation into organic molecules often suffering from low yields and unspecific oxidation and also for alternative whole‐cell biotransformation processes, which require specific fermentation know‐how. Stable oxygen‐transferring biocatalysts such as unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) could be an alternative for the synthesis of human drug metabolites and related stable isotope‐labeled analogues. This work shows that UPOs can be used in combination with hydrogen/deuterium exchange for an efficient one‐step process for the preparation of 4’‐OH‐diclofenac‐d6. The scope of the reaction was investigated by screening of different peroxygenase subtypes for the transformation of selected deuterium‐labeled substrates such as phenacetin‐d3 or lidocaine‐d3. Experiments with diclofenac‐d7 revealed that the deuterium‐labeling does not affect the kinetic parameters. By using the latter substrate and H218O2 as cosubstrate, it was possible to prepare a doubly isotope‐labeled metabolite (4’‐18OH‐diclofenac‐d6). UPOs offer certain practical advantages compared with P450 enzyme systems in terms of stability and ease of handling. Given these advantages, future work will expand the existing ‘monooxygenation toolbox’ of different fungal peroxygenases that mimic P450 in vitro reactions. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tetraspanins are involved in Schwann cell–axon interaction
Authors: Chernousov Michael A. , Stahl Richard C. , Carey David J.
Published: August 2013

Many studies have shown that tetraspanins play important role in cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions. The repertoire and functions of tetraspanins in Schwann cells, glial cells of the peripheral nervous system have remained largely uncharacterized. This study was undertaken to identify Schwann cell tetraspanins and to elucidate their possible functions. Microarray analysis revealed the expression of numerous tetraspanins in primary culture of Schwann cells. Expression of five of them, CD9, CD63, CD81, CD82, and CD151, and of tetraspanin‐associated protein EWI‐2 was also confirmed by immunofluorescence. Localization of CD9, CD63, CD81, and EWI‐2 was largely confined to paranodes and Schmidt‐Lanterman incisures, regions of noncompact myelin. Immunoprecipitation experiments showed that these four proteins form a complex in Schwann cells. siRNA silencing of individual components of the complex did not affect Schwann cell adhesion to ECM proteins or attachment to and alignment with axons. However, suppression of both CD63 and CD81 expression together significantly inhibited extension of Schwann cell processes along axons, without affecting initial attachment of the cells to the axonal surface. Adhesion, spreading, and migration of Schwann cells on ECM proteins also were not affected by double silencing of CD63 and CD81. Suppression of CD63 and CD81 expression did not affect the ability of Schwann cells to myelinate dorsal root ganglion neurons in vitro. These findings strongly suggest that CD63 and CD81 play an important role in Schwann cell spreading along axons but seem to be dispensable for Schwann cell myelination. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
SMALL IS BEAUTIFUL? STATE OF THE DAMS AND MANAGEMENT IMPLICATIONS FOR THE FUTURE
Authors: Vedachalam S. , Riha S. J.
Published: August 2013

Dams are a critical component of water infrastructure, providing services such as water supplies, recreational opportunities and flood control. At the same time, dams alter the flow regime of rivers and the biota that inhabit them. Large dams have been the subject of many studies because of their potentially significant impacts on stream hydrology and ecosystems. However, most dams are not large and consequently have received far less attention. Data for more than 5700 dams in New York State, USA located in 17 watersheds were used to develop watershed level metrics that relate the characteristics of the dams to the hydrology and demographics of each watershed. Metrics presented, stratified by watershed, include median structure age, density, dams per stream length, persons per dam, storage per drainage area, storage per person and percent high impact dams (high hazard and large). These metrics were used to perform a simple characterization of the 17 watersheds. Considerable regional differences in these parameters suggest varying management strategies in each watershed. A new era of river management has resulted in the removal of many dams, which is driven by the high cost of maintenance and state regulations. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Cyclic ductile and brittle deformation related to coseismic thrust fault propagation: Structural record at the base of a basement nappe (Preveli, Crete)
Authors: Nüchter Jens‐Alexander , Wassmann Sara , Stöckhert Bernhard
Published: August 2013

The structural record at the base of a basement nappe (Preveli nappe, Crete, Greece) thrust upon sedimentary rocks is investigated, aimed on understanding mechanisms which result in decoupling of the thrust sheet from its original substratum. We identify several superimposed deformation stages, each with characteristic structural style and indications of episodic deformation at initially high differential stress. The final stage involves formation of a matrix supported breccia transected by pseudotachylytes, comprising the lowermost 30 m of the nappe. Brecciation and pseudotachylyte formation occurred in a single event, and structures were not modified afterward. Complete induration of breccia and composition of phengite crystallized during devitrification of pseudotachylytes place the sequence of events into the middle crust. We propose a model relating episodic deformation and cyclic stress history to propagation of a thrust fault in a limited number of seismic events. Terminal brecciation and frictional fusion record passage of the fault front beneath the site of observation and decoupling of the thrust sheet. Absence of discernible further deformation is consistent with negligible basal friction during transport as a nappe. Brecciation and pseudotachylyte formation mark the switch from a history of repeated coseismic loading and postseismic stress relaxation in the plastosphere, driven by seismic events on the approaching thrust fault, to passive transport with deformation localized in a weak thrust plane. For a sequence of superimposed ductile to brittle structures, our model provides an alternative to progressive cooling and exhumation concomitant with deformation over millions of years.
Three‐dimensional ultrasound with volume contrast imaging for preoperative assessment of myometrial invasion and cervical involvement in women with endometrial cancer
Authors: Jantarasaengaram S. , Praditphol N. , Tansathit T. , Vipupinyo C. , Vairojanavong K.
Published: August 2013

Objectives

To evaluate the accuracy of transvaginal three‐dimensional ultrasound with volume contrast imaging (VCI) for preoperative assessment of depth of myometrial invasion and cervical involvement in women with endometrial cancer.

Methods

Transvaginal volume acquisition of the uterus was performed in 60 consecutive patients with histological diagnosis of endometrial cancer who were scheduled for primary surgical treatment. Depth of myometrial invasion and presence or absence of cervical involvement were assessed using VCI in multiplanar display mode. Results were compared to final postoperative histopathological findings. Patients with histological high‐risk cell types, including Grade 3 endometrioid adenocarcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, papillary serous carcinoma and carcinosarcoma, were excluded.

Results

Forty patients were included in the analysis. The accuracy of VCI in assessing single‐stage myometrial invasion (superficial or deep) was 92.5%. In the prediction of deep myometrial invasion, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of VCI were 100%, 89.7%, 78.6% and 100%, respectively. The accuracy of VCI in assessing cervical involvement was 90.0%. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of VCI in predicting the presence of cervical involvement were 100%, 86.2%, 73.3% and 100%, respectively.

Conclusion

Transvaginal VCI is an uncomplicated method that is able to predict with reasonable accuracy the depth of myometrial invasion and cervical involvement in women with endometrial cancer. Copyright © 2013 ISUOG. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Coset conformal field theory and instanton counting on ℂ2/ℤ
p
Authors: Alfimov M. N. , Belavin A. A. , Tarnopolsky G. M.
Published: August 2013

Abstract

We study conformal field theory with the symmetry algebra
$ \mathcal{A}\left( {2,\ p} \right)={{{\widehat{\mathfrak{gl}}{(n)_2}}} \left/ {{\widehat{\mathfrak{gl}}{{{\left( {n-p} \right)}}_2}}} \right.} $
. In order to support the conjecture that this algebra acts on the moduli space of instantons on ℂ2/ℤ
p
, we calculate the characters of its representations and check their coincidence with the generating functions of the fixed points of the moduli space of instantons.

We show that the algebra
$ \mathcal{A}\left( {2,\ p} \right) $
can be realized in two ways. The first realization is connected with the cross-product of p Virasoro and p Heisenberg algebras:
$ {{\mathcal{H}}^p} $

× Vir
p
. The second realization is connected with:
$ {{\mathcal{H}}^p} \times \widehat{\mathfrak{sl}}{(p)_2}\times \left( {\widehat{\mathfrak{sl}}{(2)_p}\times {{{\widehat{\mathfrak{sl}}{(2)_{n-p }}}} \left/ {{\widehat{\mathfrak{sl}}{(2)_n}}} \right.}} \right) $
. The equivalence of these two realizations provides the non-trivial identity for the characters of
$ \mathcal{A}\left( {2,\ p} \right) $
.

The moduli space of instantons on ℂ2/ℤ
p
admits two different compactifications. This leads to two different bases for the representations of
$ \mathcal{A}\left( {2,\ p} \right) $
. We use this fact to explain the existence of two forms of the instanton pure partition functions.
Experimental investigation of freely falling thin disks. Part 2. Transition of three-dimensional motion from zigzag to spiral
Authors: Lee Cunbiao , Su Zhuang , Zhong Hongjie , Chen Shiyi , Zhou Mingde , Wu Jiezhi
Published: August 2013

The free-fall motion of a thin disk with small dimensionless moments of inertia (${I}^{\ast } \lt 1{0}^{- 3} $) was investigated experimentally. The transition from two-dimensional zigzag motion to three-dimensional spiral motion occurs due to the growth of three-dimensional disturbances. Oscillations in the direction normal to the zigzag plane increase with the development of this instability. At the same time, the oscillation of the nutation angle decreases to zero and the angle remains constant. The effects of initial conditions (release angle) were investigated. Two kinds of transition modes, zigzag–spiral transition and zigzag–spiral–zigzag intermittence transition, were observed to be separated by a critical Reynolds number. In addition, the solution of the generalized Kirchhoff equations shows that the small ${I}^{\ast } $ is responsible for the growth of disturbances in the third dimension (perpendicular to the planar motion).
A GENERALIZATION OF THE SWARTZ EQUALITY
Authors: POURNAKI M. R. , FAKHARI S. A. SEYED , YASSEMI S.
Published: August 2013

For a given (d−1)-dimensional simplicial complex Γ, we denote its h-vector by h(Γ)=(h0(Γ),h1(Γ),. . .,hd(Γ)) and set h−1(Γ)=0. The known Swartz equality implies that if Δ is a (d−1)-dimensional Buchsbaum simplicial complex over a field, then for every 0 ≤ i ≤ d, the inequality ihi(Δ)+(d−i+1)hi−1(Δ) ≥ 0 holds true. In this paper, by using these inequalities, we give a simple proof for a result of Terai (N. Terai, On h-vectors of Buchsbaum Stanley–Reisner rings, Hokkaido Math. J. 25(1) (1996), 137–148) on the h-vectors of Buchsbaum simplicial complexes. We then generalize the Swartz equality (E. Swartz, Lower bounds for h-vectors of k-CM, independence, and broken circuit complexes, SIAM J. Discrete Math. 18(3) (2004/05), 647–661), which in turn leads to a generalization of the above-mentioned inequalities for Cohen–Macaulay simplicial complexes in co-dimension t.
A place of pilgrimage: a proposal for the original location of the Arca of Saint Cerbone
Authors: Norman Diana
Published: August 2013

UN LUOGO DI PELLEGRINAGGIO: UNA PROPOSTA PER LA POSIZIONE ORIGINARIA DELL'ARCA DI SAN CERBONE

La sepoltura e la commemorazione dei santi nell'Italia tardomedievale è al momento al centro dell'attenzione degli storici dell'arte. L'Arca di San Cerbone, eseguita nel 1324 dallo scultore senese Goro di Gregorio, è un esempio importante di tali monumenti funebri commemorativi. Nonostante l'Arca si trovi attualmente nel coro di inizio Trecento della cattedrale di Massa Marittima, fino agli anni '50 era collocata sotto l'altare maggiore della cattedrale, posizione per la quale si riteneva fosse stata specificamente eseguita. L'articolo mette in discussione quest'opinione comune. Nel ripercorrere le vicende costruttive del monumento funebre e delle venerate reliquie di San Cerbone, l'articolo dimostra che la collocazione dell'Area al di sotto delPaltare maggiore awenne probabilmente solo negli anni '80 del quindicesimo secolo. L'analisi più dettagliata della stessa Area, insieme a quella della cattedrale e della sua storia costruttiva, indicano che l'Arca era in origine un monumento isolato, situato nella navata settentrionale della cattedrale. Tale posizione avrebbe permesso un piu facile accesso all'imponente monumento funebre da parte dei pellegrini e dei devoti di San Cerbone, e avrebbe inoltre facilitato la comprensione e l'apprezzamento del sofisticato programma di immagini scolpite sull'Arca.
Mapping Rome: urban change in the neighbourhood of Santa Caterina della Rota
Authors: Majanlahti Anthony
Published: August 2013

‘MAPPING ROME‘: CAMBIAMENTI URBANI NEL QUARTIERE DI SANTA CATERINA DELLA ROTA

La zona di Roma intorno Piazza Santa Caterina della Rota presenta una ricca e varia serie di archivi per lo studio del quartiere. Gli archivi del Venerabile Collegio Inglese dimostrano la presenza di inglesi e delle loro proprietà nel quartiere e indicano inoltre le tracce di un declino della comunità inglese a Roma nei due decenni precedenti la rottura di Enrico VIII con la Chiesa Cattolica. Nonostante il Collegio Inglese continuò a funzionare, la sua importanza nella zona passo da quella di un centro inglese a quella di un maggiore proprietario locale.
Vitruvian Paradigms
Authors: Clarke Georgia
Published: August 2013

PARADIGMI VITRUVIANI

Questo articolo esamina la diffusione e la conoscenza del De archittctura di Vitruvio in Italia nel quindicesimo secolo e dimostra come l'interesse verso di esso sia aumentato nel corso del secolo, come attestato dal numero di copie di manoscritti realizzato dalla metà del secolo in poi, dall'influenza vitruviana sulla scrittura e la traduzione di altri trattati di architettura, e dalla stampa del De architettura nel 1487/8. Questo tipo di attenzione va messo in relazione con il contemporaneo interesse nei confronti dell'architettura da parte di mecenati, studiosi ed architetti. Nei primi decenni del sedicesimo secolo, Vitruvio occupava di già una posizione centrale in rapporto alla teoria architettonica tanto che fu prodotta nel corso del secolo tutta una serie di edizioni del testo. In alcuni testi, ma sopratutto nella pubblicazione sull'architettura del 1537 di Sebastiano Serlio, gli ordini vennero enfatizzati come la parte più importante dell'architettura e a Vitruvio fu concessa la massima autorità. In seguito, riferimenti a Vitruvio furono usati per giustificare teorie che dipendevano sia dalle idee e formulazioni del sedicesimo secolo che dal De architettura stesso.
The 5th Earl of Exeter as Grand Tourist and Collector
Authors: Brigstocke Hugh
Published: August 2013

IL V EARL DI EXETER COME GRAN TURISTA E COLLEZIONISTA

Con questo articolo si analizzano e documentano i viaggi italiani e la collezione di quadri di John Cecil di Burghley House (1648–1700), che, dopo aver ottenuto il titolo di V Earl di Exeter nel 1678, fece una serie di grandi viaggi in Italia nel 1679–81, 1683–4 e 1699–1700, prima di morire vicino Parigi nel 1700 sulla via del ritorno a casa. Durante questi viaggi, che si estesero lungo l'intera penisola italiana, da Torino a Napoli, egli sviluppò un notevole desiderio, senza paragoni per i suoi tempi, di acquisire pitture contemporanee barocche, come estensione del suo progetto di rinnovare Burghley House, originariamente costruita tra il 1555 e il 1587. Il gusto artistico di Exeter, che abbracciò artisti come Carlo Dolci e Benedetto Gennari, così pure Calandrucci, Chiari, Gaulli, Giordano, Maratti, Preti, Recco, Ruoppolo e Trevisani, riflette per molti versi quello della corte di re Carlo II. Per la decorazione delle stanze reali a Burghley, compresa la Heaven Room e la Hell Staircase egli impiegò anche Antonio Verrio, che aveva lavorato per re Carlo a Windsor. Rimase leale alla causa Stuart per tutta la sua vita, votò contro il trasferimento del potere a William e Mary in tutte le divisioni parlamentari, e si rifiutò di presenziare come Hereditary Grand Almoner alla loro incoronazione; e avendo anche rifiutato di fare il Giuramento di Fedeltà non mise più piede nella House of Lords dopo il 13 febbraio del 1689. La disaffezione nei confronti del regime protestante ha avuto certamente un ruolo nell'ultima visita degli Exeter a Roma con i loro due figli più giovani, in occasione del Giubileo del Papa del 1699–1700.
Black-gloss wares from the acropolis of Capena (La Civitucola, provincia di Roma)
Authors: Roth Roman Ernst
Published: August 2013

CERAMICA A VERNICE NERA DALL'ACROPOLI DI CAPENA (LA CIVITUCOLA, PROVINCIA DI ROMA)

Con questo articolo si pubblica la ceramica a vernice nera scoperta durante una serie di scavi condotti alla Civitucola dal Gruppo Archeologico Romano durante i primi anni Novanta del secolo scorso. Il materiale (ca. 500 frammenti diagnostici) coprono un arco cronologico di oltre 200 anni, dagli inizi del IV al tardo II secolo a.C, con un picco di presenze durante i decenni centrali di quest'ultimo secolo. Tale aspetto riguarda sia la ceramica a vernice nera importata, sia quella destinata alla commercializzazione locale, che, piuttosto che sovrapporsi nei dettagli morfalogici, tendi a ricorrere in forme specifiche con corpo ceramico distinto. Di particolare interesse a questo riguardo è la pasta principale prodotta localmente (pasta n. I). La ceramica prodotta con questo pasta combina gli stili tradizionali di Capena con elementi comunemente riscontrati nella ceramica a vernice nera in altre parti dell'Italia centrale, ma senza copiare lo stile dei tipi principali della ceramica importata (pasta V). L'articolo conclude con il suggerimento che questi modelli, paragonabili con altre situazioni in Italia centrale, siano studiati nell'ambito del contesto della crescente diversificazione culturale a livello regionale all'interno del più ampio processo storico della romanizzazione d'Italia.
Where was the Porta Romanula?
Authors: Wiseman T. P.
Published: August 2013

DOV'ERA LA PORTA ROMANULA?

Nel corso dell'articolo ‘The Scalae (ex Graecae) above the Nova Via’, Papers of the British School at Rome 74 (2006), 237–91, Henry Hurst ha posto l'attenzione su una ‘presunta struttura muraria spoliata, collocata entro un taglio del substrato sterile’ che egli cautamente suggerisce ‘potrebbe essersi originata come parte della Porta Romanula all'interno delle fortificazioni palatine ‘romulee’’ (pp. 241, 243). Il suggerimento è basato sul ‘consensus’ che la Porta Romanula, cui fa riferimento Varrone, era situata ‘all'angolo nord-ovest del Palatino nelle vicinanze del presente sito’ (p. 274). Cio che Varrone realmente dice è che la Porta Romanula era situata vicino a due siti nel Velabrum, in qualche modo legata all'uscita alla noua uia, e che il Velabrum era stato una volta uno sbarco per il traghetto dall'Aventino. Il supposto consensus implica che i traghetti dall'Aventino di cui parla Varrone approdavano presso il vicino Tempio di Vesta, il che è altamente improbabile. Nel presente articolo si argomenta (a) che il Velabrum era un toponimo specifico sul la strada che andava dal Foro al Circo Massimo (l'area di San Giorgio in Velabro), (b) che la narrazione del percorso di Otho dal Tempio di Apollo al milliarium aureum nel 69 d.C. non offre nessun supporto alla teoria del consensus, e pertanto (c) che non c'è nessuna ragione per supporre che la struttura spoliata di Hurst avesse qualcosa a che vedere con la Porta Romanula.
The excavation of the Villa Pigneto Sacchetti
Authors: Perkins P. , Schafer S.
Published: August 2013

LO SCAVO DELLA VILLA PIGNETO SACCHETTI

I resti della Villa Pigneto Sacchetti, progettata da Pietro da Cortona, sono stati localizzati e parzialmente scavati nel 1992. Lo scavo ha rivelato che il Casino è sopravvissuto appena sopra il livello di fondazione e che anche le parti più interne del ninfeo e della grotta sono sopravvissute. I risultati dello scavo consentono una rivalutazione della correttezza delle piante del XVIIII secolo. Due fasi di sviluppo sono state riconosciute — inizialmente una piccola fontana, e successivamente una villa di più grandi dimensioni con un ninfeo e una grotta. La villa è risultata essere di progetto originale e non una ristrutturazione di un edificio gia esistente, come creduto in precedenza. L'analisi dei resti archeologici e dei documenti che sono sopravvissuti consente una rivalutazione della datazione della costruzione, con una prima fase risalente alia metà del 1637 ed una seconda ad un periodo che va dal 1638 al 1644. I reperti archeologici sono pochi, ma la presenza di una serie di vasi da fiori con disegni araldici papali è degna di nota.
Ipotesi sull'evoluzione del calendario arcaico di Roma
Authors: Pedroni L.
Published: August 2013

A REASSESSMENT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ARCHAIC CALENDAR OF ROME

In the pre-Julian Roman calendar there were two cycles of festivals to mark the end of the year, in December and in February, and also residual elements of the decimal scansion of Roman metrology. Together, these elements confirm the traditional hypothesis of a year composed of ten months (the so-called ‘Romulian’ year) prior to that of twelve months (the so-called ‘Numan’ year). The ‘Romulian’ calendar was modified quite considerably during the times of the first Etruscan kings, associated with profound socio-political, and perhaps also metrological, reforms. From then, the two ‘missing’ months in the ‘decimal’ calendar, periods in which work would have been concentrated within the home rather than outside, with the exchange of the surpluses which had been accumulated, were incorporated. The new months were calledMercedonius(?) andFebruarius, the latter being the last month of the year. A radical revision of the calendar, which resulted in the last two months becoming the first two, appears to have occurred at the time of the dramatic move to the Republic, as the old festival was too closely related to the figure of therex.It can be concluded that the archaic calendar of Rome reflects a stratified series of various religious, political and ideological elements evolving over the centuries.
The lost will and testament of Cardinal Francesco Todeschini Piccolomini (1439–1503)
Authors: Richardson Carol
Published: August 2013

IL TESTAMENTO PERDUTO DEL CARDINALE FRANCESCO TODESCHINI PICCOLOMINI

L'esistenza di un testamento risalente al 1493 del cardinale Francesco Piccolomini è stata per lungo tempo riconosciuta, sebbene il documento stesso non fosse stato più visto dopo il diciottesimo secolo. Tuttavia, in anni recenti il testamento e stato riscoperto a Roma. Il documento non solo contribuisce con importanti riferimenti alla comprensione di alcuni progetti artistici del tardo quindicesimo secolo a Roma e Siena, ma getta anche nuova luce su un'importante ma trascurata figura rinascimentale ed aggiunge interessante materiale per lo studio del protocollo nella corte papale. Quale cardinale di Siena e nipote di Pio II, il testamento rivela che attraverso il suo patronaggio Francesco Piccolomini aveva cercato di mantenere viva la memoria della sua vita così come quella dello zio ed aveva cercato di proteggerre la reputazione della famiglia.

Si tratta di un esteso documento che viene qui presentato, dopo una breve introduzione, nella sua interezza, comprensivo della licenza papale e di note esplicative.
The Roman road station of Aquaviva, southern Etruria
Authors: Potter T.W. , Reynolds J.M. , Walker Susan
Published: August 2013

LA STAZIONE STRADALE ROMANA DI ACQUAVIVA, ETRURIA MERIDIONALE

Acquaviva era una piccola stazione stradale romana sulla via Flaminia a nord di Roma. Ricognizione intrapreso nel 1967–8 rivelò che in epoca repubblicana ed alto imperiale l'insediamento si addensava intorno ad un importante nodo stradale; nella parte bassa, a sud, fu identificato un altro complesso, con un notevole mausoleo alto imperiale che conteneva un'iscrizione. Nel periodo tardo-romano quest’area divenne il centro dell'insediamento principale, che può essere associato ad una diocesi di cui è nota l'esistenza nel periodo che va dal 465 al 502 d.C, ma non susseguentemente.
Fragments of Roman Historical Reliefs in the Lateran and Vatican Museums
Authors: Wace A. J. B.
Published: August 2013

The views expressed by Wickhoff upon Roman Art have been widely accepted, as far as concerns monuments whose Roman origin was undoubted. Riegl has approved the ‘shadow theory’ and explained it in his own peculiar art dialect. Petersen alone has combated it; and with such effect as practically to destroy all belief in this theory, which is Wickhoff's main principle in the appreciation of Roman reliefs, especially those of the Flavian period. Since the relief fragments to be discussed in this paper are attributed to the Flavian period, it is necessary to state Wickhoff's views, and their refutation.

Wickhoff remarks that the artist of the Ara Pacis who, he considers, broke with Greek tradition and made a new departure in relief style, ‘allowed the figures in high relief of the front row [of the procession] to cast their shadows on a back row of figures, which were worked so flat on the ground that they could no longer cast any shadows, but stood like silhouettes against the sky.’ …‘When the shadows of the front row of figures fell on them and they themselves cast no shadow, the illusion was created that their shadow fell on the earth behind them, and thus the background vanished behind them.’
An Ivory Statuette
Authors: Yeames A. H. S.
Published: August 2013

The department of Graeco-Roman Antiquities in the British Museum possesses among its ivories, which deserve perhaps more attention than has hitherto been paid to them, a small statue representing a hunchback (Fig. 1).

The figure is three inches in height, and is placed on a circular moulded base, which is also of ivory and antique. The ivory has flaked and is worn away in places, but it is, as a whole, in good preservation, and nothing of importance has been lost. No information exists as to the provenance of the statuette, but it forms part of the Townley Collection, which was acquired by the Museum in 1805. That collection was made in Italy, and it may be presumed that the ivory was bought and probably found in the same country.
The Early Iron Age in South Italy
Authors: Peet T. E.
Published: August 2013

To theorize with regard to the development of South Italy in prehistoric times is at once easy and dangerous: easy because the ascertained facts to be accounted for are few, dangerous because the chance of new and disconcerting discoveries is greatest in an unexplored territory. At the same time the theory which is at present most widely held with regard to the early iron age in South Italy is not entirely convincing. Until recently the history of South Italy in pre-Roman times was almost a complete blank, no explanation being possible because there were no facts to be explained. But the discoveries at Torre del Mordillo, Spezzano Calabrese, Piedimonte d'Alife, Cuma, Suessola, and other places have lately provided a certain basis for construction. Very few attempts, however, have been made to supply the explanation of these data; indeed archaeologists were already well employed upon the far more copious material of Northern and Central Italy. But in 1899 interest in the south of the Peninsula was heightened by Quagliati's discovery of a terramara at Tarentum. To anyone who has examined the immense mass of material from this site there can be no particle of doubt that the terramara of Scoglio del Tonno at Tarentum is exactly identical in type with the terremare of the Po valley.
Forgotten Fragments of Ancient Wall-Paintings in Rome. II.–The House in the Via de' Cerchi
Authors: Strong Arthur
Published: August 2013

This second series of the neglected wall-paintings of ancient Rome follows on that published in the last number of these Papers (vol. vii. 1914, p. 121 ff.). As before, the coloured plates are from water-colour drawings by Mr. F. G. Newton executed in the summer of 1913. The paintings, now reproduced on Plates III.–IX., adorn certain rooms in a private house in the Via de' Cerchi, the back of which is built against the southern slope of the Palatine, while the front abuts almost on the structures of the north-east end of the Circus Maximus; its vestibule, indeed, must have touched the northern line of the road that ran between the outer walls of the Circus and the hill, coinciding practically with the modern street.
Hygieia on Acropolis and Palatine
Authors: Ashmole Bernard
Published: August 2013

There is in the Acropolis Museum at Athens a battered and mutilated fragment of the head of a woman, which has twice been published as part of the Parthenon sculptures (Pls. I. and II.). The remains of its fine surface and dark brown patina, resembling those which one finds in the Helios of the East pediment and other of the pediment figures, have, together with its high quality, allowed its claim to belong to that building to pass unquestioned. But it has no connection with the Parthenon, for its scale is too large for the metopes and too small for the pediments. It must, then, be judged and assigned to a school by other means.