bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
Odsetki naliczane w przypadku nieterminowej zapłaty niepodatkowych należności budżetowych
Authors: Miernik Anna
Published: August 2022

Niepodatkowe należności budżetowe to kategoria środków publicznych o niejednorodnym charakterze prawnym, normowana przepisami wielu ustaw. Konsekwencją heterogeniczności niepodatkowych należności budżetowych jest brak jednolitych regulacji prawnych w ich zakresie. W praktyce stosowania prawa finansowego powstają wątpliwości, czy odsetki z tytułu nieterminowej zapłaty niepodatkowej należności budżetowej powinny być naliczane na podstawie przepisów Ordynacji podatkowej czy Kodeksu cywilnego.
Znaczenie należytego dokumentowania kosztów uzyskania przychodów dla kształtowania podstawy opodatkowania w podatku dochodowym od osób fizycznych. Glosa do wyroku Wojewódzkiego Sądu Administracyjnego w Poznaniu z dnia 10 września 2020 r., sygn. i SA/Po 334/20
Authors: Nita Adam
Published: August 2022

W praktyce stosowania przepisów prawa podatkowego przez organy podatkowe utrwaliło się przekonanie, że warunkiem zaliczenia wydatku w poczet kosztów uzyskania przychodów jest jego należyte udokumentowanie. W konsekwencji, jeżeli zaistnieje rozbieżność pomiędzy treścią faktury potwierdzającej zakup a rzeczywistością, to nawet wtedy, gdy nie ma wątpliwości co do tego, że nabywca faktycznie poniósł wydatek i pozostaje on w związku z jego przychodami, kwestionowane jest odliczenie kosztów uzyskania przychodów. W analizowanym wyroku Wojewódzki Sąd Administracyjny przeciwstawił się temu zapatrywaniu, a autor glosy podzielił pogląd sądu. Jak wyartykułowano w glosie, brakuje podstaw do przenoszenia konstrukcji typowych dla podatku od towarów i usług na obszar podatku dochodowego jako daniny o charakterze bezpośrednim. Do celów podatku dochodowego powinność legitymowania się prawidłową fakturą jest bowiem przejawem spełnienia instrumentalnego obowiązku podatkowego. W związku z tym nie ma przeszkód, aby w razie zasygnalizowanych rozbieżności ustalać prawdę obiektywną i honorować odliczenie przez podatnika kosztu uzyskania przychodu.
Environmental assessment of rainwater harvesting and solar system for agriculture
Authors: Korkmaz Murat
Published: August 2022

As a result of increasing industrialisation and the use of machines, the demand for both energy and water are increasing. As a result, it is necessary to develop sustainable environmental structural systems in both energy production and irrigation water. This, in turn, requires the most accurate use of existing water resources and the immediate implementation of sustainable agricultural systems. Despite this, none of the agricultural enterprises are yet using systems such as rainwater harvesting and solar power techniques. The main aim of this research is to find effective results in terms of savings and to contribute to the prevention of water scarcity in the future. At the same time, the advantages of environmentally friendly zero-energy roofs and rainwater collection systems are evaluated. Elazig province of Turkey was selected for this study. When the benefits of the solar power plant to be built on the relevant farm and an average tree are compared in terms of reducing the CO2 emissions, it was found that the contribution of this plant would be equal to that of planting 113,506 trees.

 

Keywords: CO2, emissions, energy, rainwater, renewable energy, solar;
Prosecution as a “Soul Crushing” Job: Emotional Labor and Secondary Trauma in Working Sexual Assault Cases
Authors: Slovinsky Tammi , Brubaker Sarah Jane
Published: August 2022

Prosecutors who work sex crimes face considerable legal constraints, for example, the need for corroborating evidence to prove their case, as well as extra-legal factors including biases that influence decision-making across the criminal justice system. Beyond these factors, sexual assault cases, especially those involving college students, present significant emotional trauma not only for victims, but also for prosecutors. This inductive study explores the ways prosecutors handle system constraints and how they experience and manage their response to emotionally difficult cases. Qualitative interview data revealed strategies that prosecutors use to mitigate the psychological impacts of participation in the courtroom experience on survivors of sexual assault and indicators of secondary trauma. In combination, this study’s examination of legal and extra-legal factors, secondary and vicarious trauma, and emotional labor contribute to a theory of how prosecutors work campus sex crime cases, expanding our understanding of both prosecutors’ roles and emotional labor, with implications for research, policy and practice.
A NEW CONCEPT OF ZONAL AND SEGMENTAL STRUCTURE OF THE HUMAN KIDNEY
Authors: Kafarov Edgar S. , Zenin Oleg K.
Published: August 2022

To date, there is no single point of view on the lobar, zonal and segmental structure of the arterial tree of the kidney. There is no generally accepted approach in determining the signs by which the kidney is divided into lobes and/or segments. There is still a discussion regarding the division of the renal artery to daughter branches. The aim of the study was to establish variants of individual anatomical variability of the intra-organ arterial bed of the kidney, taking into account zonal and segmental topography. 116 corrosive preparations of the arterial system of the human kidney were studied. In 3D projections, the number of arterial vessels in the hilum of the kidney, topographic and anatomical features of the trunks of the renal arteries in the hilum of the kidney, variants of division of the renal arteries, zones of local blood supply to areas of the substance of the kidney, depending on the variants of division of the renal artery into branches of the 2nd and 3rd orders. The study was carried out using digital visualization methods, digital image processing and appropriate software. As a result, it was found that the renal artery can be divided into two (two-zonal system of blood supply to the kidney) and three (three-zone system of blood supply to the kidney) zonal arteries. In the case of a bizonal system, the renal artery divides into ventral and dorsal branches (54,2% of cases), as well as superior polar and inferior polar zonal branches (15,5% of cases). In the case of a three-zone system, the following options for the division of the renal artery have been established. The first option - on the upper polar, ventral and dorsal zonal branches (in 13,3% of cases); 2nd option - on the ventral, dorsal and lower polar zonal branches (in 9,4% of cases); 3rd variant - on two ventral and one dorsal zonal branches (in 5,1% of cases) and 4th variant on the superior pole, central and inferior pole zonal arteries (in 2,5% of cases). The results of the study convincingly indicate the need to revise the widespread idea of ​​the five-segment structure of the human kidney.
ANATOMICAL RISK FACTORS FOR THE COMPLICATED POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD IN THE SURGERY OF EXTRACEREBRAL TUMORS OF THE POSTERIOR CRANIAL FOSSA
Authors: Nikolaev Valerian G. , Rudenko Pavel G. , Shnyakin Pavel G. , Derevtsova Svetlana N. , Trubkin Aleksey V. , Milekhina Ilona E. , Usatova Irina S.
Published: August 2022

Tumors of the base of the posterior cranial fossa are among the most difficult for surgical treatment in neurosurgery. Numerous studies are being conducted on the factors that determine clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes. The aim of the study was to study the linear and angular parameters of the posterior cranial fossa in patients with extracerebral neoplasms and to evaluate their effect on the results of surgical treatment. Craniometric study of linear and angular parameters of the posterior cranial fossa was performed in 115 patients with sub-tentorial extracerebral tumors. A computer program was used to determine the longitudinal, transverse and height diameters of the head, the length, width and height of the posterior cranial fossa, the sagittal diameter of the foramen magnum, the length of the clivus, the length of the posterior part of the skull base, the basilar angle, the Boogard’s angle, the posterior angle of the base of the skull, angle of the cerebellar mantle, angle of inclination of the clivus, angle of inclination of the scales of the occipital bone and angle of convergence of the pyramids of the temporal bones. These parameters were determined on magnetic resonance tomograms in the sagittal projection on the median section and in the axial projection, on the section passing at the level of the internal auditory canals. The main group consisted of 15 patients who developed vascular complications after surgery, the second comparison group included 100 patients with uncomplicated postoperative course. The predominant head shapes according to the transverse-longitudinal index in both groups were brachycephalic (53.3 and 54%, respectively). There was no acrocephaly (high and narrow head forms) among patients with complications, while in the control group this type was registered in 12% of cases. Certain craniometric prerequisites for a complicated course of the postoperative period have been identified, allowing a more selective approach to the tactics of treating these patients. The risk group includes patients with large values ​​of the basilar angle and the angle of inclination of the scales of the occipital bone, having a narrower and elongated shape of the posterior cranial fossa.
Tindak Tutur Direktif Dalam Surah Az-Zumar (Studi Analisis Pragmatis)
Authors: Kamala Sulis Alfaini , Rohmad Rohmad
Published: August 2022

This study aims to explain the two forms and functions of directive speech acts in Surah az-zumar. The selection of verses in Surah Az-Zumar is used as the object of study because in the Surah there are verses that contain directive speech. This study uses a qualitative descriptive analysis method with the main source of research being the verses in Surah Az-Zumar. The data collection uses the critical reading method and the data analysis technique uses a content analysis approach. The results of the analysis state that the form of directive speech acts in Surah Az-Zumar includes direct speech acts found 8 utterances and indirect speech acts found 3 utterances. Meanwhile, the function of the directive speech act in Surah Az-Zumar is as follows: the directive speech act of command has 6 utterances, the speech act of the advice directive has 1 utterance, the speech act of the prohibition directive has 1 utterance, the speech act of invitation has 1 utterance, the directive speech act of request has 1 utterance , and the directive speech act of criticism has 1 utterance. With this research, it can add insight and understanding of the forms of directive speech acts in the Qur'an and understand the functions of directive speech acts in the Qur'an.

 

Abstrak

Penelitian ini mempunyai tujuan untuk menjelaskan tentang 2 bentuk dan fungsi tindak tutur direktif dalam surah az-zumar. Pemilihan ayat-ayat dalam surah az-zumar dijadikan sebagai obyek kajian karena dalam surah tersebut terdapat ayat-ayat yang mengandung tuturan direktif. penelitian ini menggunakan metode analisis deskriptif kualitatif dengan sumber utama penelitian adalah ayat-ayat dalam surah az-zumar. Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode critical reading dan teknik analisis data menggunakan pendekatan analisis isi. Hasil analisis menyatakan bahwa bentuk tindak tutur direktif dalam surah az-zumar mencakup tindak tutur langsung ditemukan 8 tuturan  dan tindak tutur tidak langsung ditemukan 3 tuturan. Sedangkan fungsi tindak tutur direktif dalam surah az-zumar sebagai berikut: tindak tutur direktif perintah ada 6 tuturan, tindak tutur direktif nasehat ada1 tuturan , tindak tutur direktif larangan ada 1 tuturan, tindak tutur ajakan ada 1 tuturan, tindak tutur direktif permintaan ada 1 tuturan, dan tindak tutur direktif kritikan ada 1 tuturan. Dengan adanya penelitian ini dapat menambah wawasan serta pemahaman tentang bentuk tindak tutur direktif dalam al-Qur’an serta memahami fungsi-fungsi tindak tutur direktif dalam al-Qur’an.
Porous Liquids Responsive to Light
Authors: Dinker Manish Kumar , Zhao Kan , Dai Zhengxing , Ding Lifeng , Liu Xiao-Qin , Sun Lin-Bing
Published: August 2022

Porous liquid is a unique liquid medium that combines permanent porosity of porous solid with the fluidity of liquid, and this special characteristic makes it potential in various applications. Here we report the first photoresponsive porous ionic liquid (PPIL) by solubilizing photoresponsive metal-organic polyhedron (PMOP, constructed from dicopper and azobenzene-containing carboxylate) in polyethylene-glycol-functionalized bulky ionic liquid (IL). Owing to favorable ion interactions, bulky IL molecules encircle outside PMOP cages, and the inter cavities are maintained. The azobenzene moieties can be isomerized freely in the obtained PPILs to expose and shelter active sites upon visible and UV light irradiations. Hence, the adsorption capacity of PPILs is controllable by light irradiation, and the change in CO2 uptake is up to 30% which is different from neat IL with negligible change. This study might inspire the development of new adsorption process regulated by light instead of conventional pressure and temperature swing adsorption technologies.
Giant Enhancement of Second-Harmonic Generation in Hybrid Metasurface Coupled MoS2 with Fano-Resonance Effect
Authors: Xie Yunfei , Yang Liuli , Du Juan , Li Ziwei
Published: August 2022

Plasmonic nanostructures have been regarded as potential candidates for boosting the nonlinear up-conversion rate at the nanoscale level due to their strong near-field enhancement and inherent high design freedom. Here, we design a hybrid metasurface to realize the moderate interaction of Fano resonance and create the dual-resonant mode-matching condition to facilitate the nonlinear process of second harmonic generation (SHG). The hybrid metasurface presents dipolar and octupolar plasmonic modes near the fundamental and doubled-frequency wavelengths, respectively, further utilized to enhance the SHG of low-dimensional MoS2 semiconductors. The maximum intensity of SHG in hybrid metasurface coupled MoS2 is more than ten thousand times larger than that of other structure-units coupled MoS2. The conversion efficiency is reported to be as high as 3.27×10− 7. This work paves the way to optimize nonlinear light-matter interactions in low-dimensional structures coupled with semiconductors.
Protective Masks During the SARS-COV-2 Pandemic: Is there a Relationship with Temporomandibular Disorders? An Observational Cross-sectional Survey
Authors: d’Apuzzo Fabrizia , Rotolo Rossana Patricia , Nucci Ludovica , Simeon Vittorio , Minervini Giuseppe , Perillo Letizia , Grassia Vincenzo
Published: August 2022

Background
Wearing protective face masks has been one of the indispensable measures to prevent droplets and aerosol particles transmission during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. This observational cross-sectional survey investigated the different types and modalities of protective mask wearing and the possible association with referred temporomandibular disorders by respondents.
Methods
An online-questionnaire was developed, calibrated and administered anonymously to subjects with an age of ≥ 18 years. It consisted of different sections: demographics, type and wearing modalities of the protective masks, pain in the preauricular area, noise at the temporomandibular joints and headache. Statistical analysis was performed with R software.
Results
The questionnaire received 665 replies mainly from participants aged 18–30 years (315 males, 350 females). 37% of participants were healthcare professionals, 21.2% of them were dentists. 334 subjects (50.3%) mostly used the Filtering Facepiece 2/ Filtering Facepiece 3 (FFP2/FFP3) mask, and 578 (87%) wore the mask with two elastics behind the ears. 400 participants referred pain while wearing the mask, and 36.8% of them referred pain with a consecutive use of more than 4 hours (p = 0.042). 92.2% of participants did not report any TMJ noise. 57.7% of subjects referred headaches associated with the FFP2/FFP3 (p = 0.033).
Conclusions
This survey highlighted the increased referred presence of orofacial pain in the preauricular area and temporal headache associated with a prolonged use of protective face masks for more than 4 hours during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.
Clinical characteristics of nasolacrimal duct obstruction after iodine therapy of DTC patients
Authors: Li Na , Zhang Wanchun
Published: August 2022

Background: The aim was to analyze clinical characteristics of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction after 131I therapy and provide guidance for clinical decision-making. Methods: Thirty one DTC patients with nasolacrimal duct obstruction were retrospectively enrolled from the Nuclear Medicine Department of Shanxi Bethune Hospital during follow-up of 131I therapy between June 2018 and March 2021.Sixty one thyroid cancer patients without nasolacrimal duct obstruction after 131I therapy were also enrolled to act as a control group. Clinical characteristics, including sex, age, dose, positive anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (TGAb), metastasis and nasal uptake, were analyzed by χ2 test and logistic multifactor regression. Results: Statistically significant differences were found in patients’ nasal uptake after 131I therapy according to gender (11.8% : 38.7%), age (5.6% : 51.1%), dose (3.4% : 47.6%), stage (18.5% : 70.4%) and iodine uptake (83.3% : 30.2%). There was no significant difference in the proportion of TGAb positive and negative patients according to 131I therapy (χ2=0.27, P=0.782). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gender (2.59), age (1.45), dose (2.36), whether there was iodine uptake of metastatic foci (1.93) and whether there was nasal uptake of iodine (1.70) were all statistically significant influential factors of lacrimal discharge symptoms after iodine therapy. Conclusion: Patients who were over 50, women, had metastatic iodine uptake, received a dose > 5.55GBq and had nasal intake of 131I were more likely to have nasolacrimal duct obstruction. When determining therapeutic doses of 131I, doctors should weigh multiple factors and suggest that high risk populations be referred to the appropriate ophthalmic surgery for timely diagnosis and therapy.
PrEP knowledge and HIV testing preferences among street-based female sex workers in the United States: Implications post-COVID-19
Authors: Bouey Jennifer Z.H. , Leonard Madeline , Les Elaine , Hofley Carolyn , Gribble Rebecca , Garip Nabila Mella , Sternberg David
Published: August 2022

Female sex workers face a disproportionately high burden of HIV infection globally, yet their knowledge and attitudes towards new HIV prevention methods are understudied in the United States. We conducted focus group discussions and in-depth interviews in a U.S. city among street-based cis- and trans- female sex workers to identify the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding PrEP and HIV testing in collaboration with a harm-reduction community service organization. We found study participants had limited knowledge of PrEP and poor communication between female sex workers and primary care physicians a barrier to HIV prevention. Participants also expressed strong preferences for HIV testing to be conducted by medical professionals compared to self-testing. Improvement in communication between urban low-income at-risk women and their primary care physicians, and culturally sensitive HIV testing strategies, are critical to the post-COVID-19 strategy on recovery of community services targeting the most vulnerable urban populations.
Kaempferide exhibits an anticancer effect via caspase dependant apoptosis against Hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Chandrababu Gopika , Varkey Merlin , Devan Aswathy R , V Anjaly M , Nath Lekshmi R
Published: August 2022

Context:
Phytochemicals have been promising candidates for cancer therapy, affecting various cancer initiation and progression stages. Kaempferide is a mono methoxy flavone that shows potent anticancer effects on multiple cancers both in vitro and in-vivo.
Materials and Methods
We evaluated the anticancer activity of Kaempferide against HCC using MTT assay. HepG2, Huh7 and N1S1 were used for preliminary in vitro studies. This is followed by an apoptosis analysis as assessed by Caspase 3 and Caspase 9 and Cell cycle analysis. The in-vivo effects of the compound were studied in N1S1 orthotopically injected SD rat model, where the animal was given Kaempferide (25mg/kg thrice a week) and Vehicle (Cremophor: Ethanol). The expression of caspase 9 and a critical tumor marker, TGF-β were assessed in both control and treatment tumor samples.
Results
Kaempferide-induced dose-dependent cytotoxicity in 3 HCC cell lines (HepG2 IC50 = 25µM, Huh7 IC50 = 18µM and N1S1 IC50 = 20 µM). Further, caspase-dependent apoptosis was also confirmed in vitro. Kaempferide exhibited S phase arrest in HepG2 cells as analysed by Cell cycle analysis. Kaempferide showed a significant reduction in tumor size and tumor volume in vivo. Histopathological evaluation by H &E staining confirmed that altered cells were significantly destroyed in the Kaempferide-treated animals, which correlates with tumor reduction compared to the vehicle-treated group. Caspase 9 levels were also found to be increased in the treatment group. TGF- β1, a crucial marker found in HCC that plays a major role in migration and proliferation of cells, was also downregulated in the treatment group (Control = 207.8 ± 22.9 pg/ml and Kaempferide-treated = 157.3 ± 13.8 pg/ml).
Conclusion
This study confirmed the potential of Kaempferide as a promising alternative against HCC.
Bilateral Psoas Haematoma Following Extracorporeal Membranous Oxygenation in a Patient with Severe COVID-19 (SARS CoV-2). A Rare Case Report and Literature Review.
Authors: Gill Simran , Fragkakis Evangelos Minas , Papworth Megan , Vasilikos Ioannis , Chiarini Stella , Bernard Jason , Bishop Timothy , Lui Darren F.
Published: August 2022

IntroductionAs the COVID-19 pandemic evolves periodically, becomes evident that although affects primarily the respiratory system, its ability to trigger a significant inflammatory response, combined with neuropathy and coagulopathy, often evolves into complex systemic responses as opposed to a purely respiratory disease. This can lead into severe respiratory distress and failure, septic shock, arrhythmia and a multiple organ dysfunction; Circumstances where first-line non-invasive medical therapies become suboptimal and advanced lifesaving intervention including, but not limited to induced coma, intubation and veno-venous extracorporeal membranous oxygenation (VV-ECMO) might be required.Case PresentationAuthors present a rare case of a 58 year old male with a rapid deterioration following COVID-19 infection, requiring immediate intubation at the Emergency Department, which escalated with transfer to a VV-ECMO unit due to unresponsiveness on all standard medical therapies. During the induced coma under VV-ECMO, a bilateral psoas haematoma (PH) insidiously developed, with subsequent lumbar plexopathy complicated by a COVID-19-related mononeuritis multiplex, diagnosed only at a later stage during rehabilitation. Early haematoma evacuation was deemed unsafe, because of his frailty. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first description of a complex bilateral PH, requiring 198 days of in-hospital stay, combined efforts of 3 Teaching hospitals and an ad-hoc multidisciplinary team, for its management.ConclusionsAs the pandemic persists more patients might require VV-ECMO, which however is not risk-free mainly due to the fine balance between COVID-19 coagulopathy and VV-ECMO anti-coagulation protocols. Authors hope to increase awareness around complications and clinical challenges, providing reflections on their early recognition and management.
Single-Atom Ru-zeolite isomerization catalysis for a bio-based route towards terephthalates from muconic acid
Authors: Khalil Ibrahim , Rigamonti Marco Giulio , Janssens Kwinten , Bugaev Aram , Donckels Thibaut , Robijns Sven , De Vos Dirk , Dusselier Michiel
Published: August 2022

The search for sustainable polymers requires new ways for accessing monomers from biomass as raw materials. Cis,cis-muconic acid (ccMA), derived from glucose, stands as a potential intermediate to produce valuable monomers, including terephthalic and adipic acids. However, to access terephthalic acid through Diels-Alder cycloaddition, an additional isomerization of ccMA into ttMA (trans,trans-isomer) is required. In this work, we develop a single-atom low-loaded Ru catalyst (0.2 wt.%), supported on *BEA zeolite, that produces tt-muconate in ethanol with total conversion (to equilibrium) and selectivity >95%. We reached productivity rates of 427 mM.h-1 (≈85 g.L-1.h-1), surpassing, by an order of magnitude, the highest values reported for biobased production of 17 mM.h-1 of ccMA, thus making the latter the rate-determining step if both processes were linked. Furthermore, we demonstrate the direct production of terephthalate intermediates with high yields (78%) and selectivity (80%) in a one-pot isomerization/Diels-Alder reaction. This single atom Ru-zeolite isomerizes dienes via a hydride mechanism and could serve the isomerization of other value-added alkenes.
Hybrid AI-based iBeacon Indoor Positioning Cybersecurity Attacks and Defenses Thereof
Authors: Huang Chi-Jan , Chi Cheng-Jan , Hung Wei-Tzu
Published: August 2022

Currently, iBeacon systems have been increasingly established in public areas to position people and assist users in indoor for location navigation. People receive the services through the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) installed on their mobile phones. However, the positioning and navigation functions of a iBeacon system may be compromised when faced with cyberattacks issued by hackers. In other words, its security needs to be further considered and enhanced. This study takes the iBeacon system built in Taipei Main Station, the major transportation hub with daily traffic of at least 300 thousand passengers, as an example for exploring its potential attacks and further studying on the defense technologies under the assistance of AI techniques and human participation. Our experiments demonstrate that the prior information security planning of a iBeacon system and the rolling coding encryption on its issued messages in Taipei Main Station, are the best defense methods.
The oncogenic roles of John Cunningham virus T antigen in digestive epithelial cells with tissue specificity
Authors: Zheng Huachuan , Xue Hang , E Ying , Cui Zhengguo
Published: August 2022

Background
John Cunningham virus (JCV), a ubiquitous polyoma virus that commonly infects the human, is identified as the etiologic factor for progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy and cancers.
Methods
Here, the transgenic mice of CAG-loxp-Laz-loxp T antigen were established and T antigen expression was especially activated in gastroenterological target cells with LacZ deletion using cre-loxp system.
Results
Gastric poorly-differentiated carcinoma was observed in T antigen-activated mice using K19-cre (stem-like cells) and PGC-cre (chief cells), but not Atp-4b-cre (parietal cells) or Capn8-cre (pit cells) mice. There appeared spontaneous hepatocellular and colorectal cancers in Alb-cre (hepatocytes)/T antigen and villin-cre (intestinal cells)/T antigen transgenic mice. Gastric, colorectal and breast cancer was observed in PGC-cre/T antigen mice. Pancreatic insulinoma and ductal adenocarcinoma, gastric adenoma, and duodenal cancer were detected in Pdx1-cre/T antigen mice. There was alternative splicing of T antigen mRNA in all target organs of these transgenic mice.
Conclusions
It was suggested that JCV T antigen might induce gastroenterological carcinogenesis at a manner of cell specificity. These spontaneous tumor models provide good tools to investigate the oncogenic role of T antigen in digestive cancers.
Implanted hair-follicle-associated pluripotent (HAP) stem cells differentiating to keratinocytes, macrophages and endothelial cells accelerated cutaneous wound closure and suppressed scar formation in a mouse model
Authors: Obara Koya , Shirai Kyoumi , Hamada Yuko , Arakawa Nobuko , Hasegawa Ayami , Takaoka Nanao , Aki Ryoichi , Hoffman Robert M. , Amoh Yasuyuki
Published: August 2022

BackgroundPatients frequently experience physical, mental, and even financial distress because of acute or chronic wounds to the skin. In severe situations, the skin scars can be quite noticeable, cause persistent discomfort, restrict joint motion, or be mentally taxing. Hair-follicle-associated pluripotent (HAP) stem cells were discovered by our laboratory, in the bulge area of hair follicle; and can differentiate to neurons, glia, beating cardiomyocytes, keratinocyte and nascent vessel. In the present study, we determined if HAP stem cells can accelerate cutaneous wound healing in a mouse model.MethodsHAP stem cells which were grown from the upper part of vibrissa follicle and formed a sheet in culture were implanted to dorsal wounds in a mouse model. After HAP-stem-cell-sheet-implantation, progression of wound closure with time was evaluated. After wound closure, scar morphology, infiltration of dermal inflammatory cell such as macrophage and fibrocyte and dermal fibrosis were observed histologically. mRNA of TGF-β1, type I collagen alpha 2 (COL1A2) and type III　collagen alpha 1 (COL3A1) expression levels in the wound were measured by quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR) to assess dermal inflammation and fibrosis.ResultsHAP stem cells formed sheet which differentiated to keratinocytes, macrophages and endothelial cells in culture. After HAP-stem-cell-sheet-implantation to the dorsal wound in the mice model, it accelerated the wound closure, increased capillary-vessel-formation and suppressed macrophage and fibrocyte infiltration and collagen deposition in the dermis compared with non-implanted control mice. Also, mRNA of TGF-β1, COL1A2 and COL3A1 expression levels in the wound were decreased in the HAP-stem-cell-implanted mice compared with non-implantation control mice.ConclusionsImplantation of HAP stem cells differentiated to keratinocytes, macrophages and endothelial cells accelerated wound closure and suppressed scar formation in a mouse model, indicating clinical potential of scar-free wound healing.
Histologic evaluation of the healing potentiality of human treated dentin matrix scaffold as direct pulp capping material
Authors: Saeed Mahmoud , Grawish Mohammed
Published: August 2022

Aim: Find a reasonable substitution for current DPC materials.Methods: The hTDM properties were evaluated by assessing its alkalinity, antibacterial activity, and potentiality to induce cell migration compared to MTA. The acute inflammatory response was evaluated 3 days after iatrogenic pulp exposure by histological examination. However, both chronic inflammatory response and dentin-pulp complex regeneration were evaluated after 3 months.Results: The results of in vitro assessment revealed high alkalinity of MTA while hTDM exhibited optimum alkalinity. Moreover, the higher antibacterial activity and potentiality of inducing cell migration than MTA. The in vivo assessment ensured the ability of hTDM in optimizing the inflammatory response and dentin-pulp complex regeneration. However, MTA prolonged the inflammatory response and induced the formation of a thick calcific bridge toward the pulp tissue.Conclusion: hTDM semi-rigid scaffold is a promising novel DPC material.
Bone Regeneration by Hydroxyapatite-Gelatinnanocomposites
Authors: Mostafa Sahar I , Abdelfattah Nesma M , Ghorab Sayed M , Osman Manal F , Elwassefy Noha A
Published: August 2022

Aim of study:
Preparation and characterization of a series of new biocompatible injectable bone paste (IBP) nanocomposites, hydroxyapatite-gelatin (HA-Gel) and hydroxyapatite-Gelatin-alendronate (HA-Gel-Ald np).
Material and methods
IBP nanocomposites were synthesized from mixing different ratios of gelatin to aqueous solutions of both Ca(NO3)2.4H2O and (NH4)2HPO4 to obtain (HA-Gel np), while the target nanocomposites, HA-Gel-Ald np, were obtained by submitting aqueous solution of alendronate (Ald) to HA-Gel np nanocomposites. These composites crystallinity were analyzed by FTIR and XRD, and their morphology were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and EDX measurements. XRD patterns, SEM and EDX presented changes in the crystal and surface structure from HA to HA-Gel np to HA-Gel-Ald np. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the nanocomposites on stem cells were assessed using MTT assay.
Results
The physico-chemical measurements, FTIR, XRD, SEM and EDX indicated the success in isolating the nanocomposites, HA-Gel np and HA-Gel-Ald np, with different ratios. Although the cytotoxicity data show significant effect of the prepared IBP nanocomposites (p = 0.00), their interaction together had no significant effect (p = 0.624).
Predictions based on different climate change scenarios: The habitat of typical locust species is shrinking in Xinjiang, China, and Kazakhstan
Authors: Wu Rui , Guan Jingyun , Wu Jianguo , Ju Xifeng , An Qinghui , Zheng Jianghua
Published: August 2022

Climate change, especially climate extremes, can increase the uncertainty of locust outbreaks. The Italian locust(Calliptamus italicus L.), Asian Migratory locust (Locusta migratoria migratoria L.), and Siberian locust(Gomphocerus sibiricus) are common pests widely distributed in the semidesert grasslands of Central Asia and its surrounding regions.Predicting locust geographic distribution changes and future habitats accounting for climate warming is essential to effectively prevent large and sudden locust outbreaks. The MaxEnt model was used in this study to identify environmental factors that impact the distribution of the three typical locust species and to display the probable appropriate regions and uncertainty of typical locust species habitats under different current and future climatic scenarios. Our results showed that soil surface sand content, slope, mean precipitation during the hottest season, and precipitation seasonality were the key environmental variables affecting locust distribution in the region. The three locust species are mainly distributed in the upstream region of the Irtysh River, the Alatao Mountain region, the northern slopes of the Tianshan Mountains, around Sayram Lake, the eastern part of the Alakol Lake region, the Tekes River region, the western part of Ulungur Lake, the Ili River, the upstream region of the Tarim River. According to several climate projections, the area of potential habitat for the three most common locust species will decrease by 3.9 x 104 − 4.6 x 104 km2 by the 2030s and by 6.4 x 104 − 10.6 x 104 km2 by the 2050s. Although the suitable area is shrinking, the climate is becoming more extreme, and the high suitability area is expanding, so the risk of infestation should be taken seriously. This study on locust habitat change under climate change provides a scientific basis for the scientific prevention and control of locust disasters and the sustainable development of the grassland environment in China and Kazakhstan in the context of global warming and intergovernmental cooperation measures.
Development and characterisation of 26 polymorphic microsatellite markers in striped catfish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus
Authors: Nguyen Loc Hong , Hellemans Bart , Nguyen Thong Hoang , Volckaert Filip A.M. , Nguyen Sang Van
Published: August 2022

Background: The striped catfish,Pangasionodon hypophthalmus, is one of the most important cultured fish species worldwide. Although genetic management and improvement based on molecular approaches have a high potential, few applications are available due to the lack of genomic resources.Methods and results: We used a draft genome of striped catfish to develop 26 polymorphic DNA microsatellite markers. Markers were validated on 62 individuals from three wild populations. The 26 loci were highly polymorphic, with 7 to 21 alleles per locus for a total of 342 alleles. Null alleles were observed at 6 of the 26 loci. Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) values pointed to a high level of polymorphism (PIC>0.5) at all tested loci. Observed and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.532 to 0.919 and 0.584 to 0.891, respectively. The Tonlé Sap and Lower Mekong samples were similar and differed from the Kratié sample.Conclusions:The 26 microsatellite markers represent an additional and valuable source for population genetic studies, parentage assignment, the estimation of genetic parameters for broodstock management and marker assisted selection in striped catfish.
Quantitative analysis and survey of contamination 9,10-anthraquinone in Chinese Liupao tea during aging
Authors: Liang Jianfeng , Li Ya , Bin Yuejing , Qiao Ruying , Ke Lijian , Zhong Shuiqiao , liang yanni
Published: August 2022

Recently, 9,10-anthraquinone(AQ) contamination in Chinese Liupao tea has attracted much attention because the tea for exportation must meet the EU limit(20 µg·kg-1). In this study, the sample pretreatment methods were optimized from the aspects of extraction reagent and purification column filler. Finally, n-hexane acetone was selected as the optimal extraction agent. When the content of Florisil in the purification column was 1.0 g, the purification effect was the best. The new method reduces the limit of quantification (LOQs) of AQ to 10 μg·kg-1, and the detection accuracy has also been further improved. The recovery of 9,10-anthraquinone-fortified tea samples (20-100 μg·kg-1) was 94.51-100.44%, and the relative standard deviation (RSD) was less than 1.31%. In this study, 98 Liupao tea samples on the market were tested by the new method. It was found that 61 samples were positive (occurrence rate 63.3%), and the AQ content of 55 positive samples was higher than the EU limit (20 µg·kg-1). This study also found that the pollution of AQ in Liupao tea increased with the growth of aging time. The source of AQ in the aging process of Liupao tea will be the focus of further research.
Oblique electrostatic waves in a dusty plasma with (r; q) distributed electrons for Saturn’s magnetosphere
Authors: shumaila Shumaila , Jahangir R. , Saba Faiza
Published: August 2022

The linear and nonlinear propagation characteristics of dust ion acoustic waves (DIAWs) are investigated in a collisionless, magnetized dusty plasma. The system is composed of (r; q) distributed electrons with warm ions and stationary dust and propagation of the wave is taken in the x-z plane. The linear properties of the system are studied for the plasma parameters of Saturn magnetosphere are studied by the dispersion relation. The characteristics of oblique propagation of dust ion acoustic solitary waves (DIASWs) are studied by deriving Korteweg de Vries (KdV) equation and the critical point is determined at which the nature of solitons changes. The infuence of various parameters, namely, obliqueness, magnetic field, densities, temperatures, and spectral indices of the (r; q) distributed electrons on DIASWs is investigated for Saturn’s magnetosphere. The DIASWs of (r; q) distributed electrons are also compared with Maxwellian electrons. The present work might be helpful to study other astrophysical and space systems where dusty plasmas and (r; q) distribution are predicted.
Eavaluation on performance of Eco-friendly Engineered Cementitious Composite for Sustainability Management
Authors: Chowdary Muppalla Venkata Sai Surya Pratap , Asadi SS.
Published: August 2022

Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC) is one of the versatile building components. The characteristics of materials and curing period are major factors that will influence the eco-friendly nature, and performance of the composite. In this experimental analysis, the impact of alkaline treated sisal fibres with different combinations of Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibres (Mix-1 is 2% Sisal fibres, Mix-2 is 0.5% Sisal fibres + 1.5% PVA fibres) on the characteristics of Indian Zone II fine aggregates (50% river sand + 50% Manufactured sand) based ECC analyzed. For this, high fly ash to Cement dosage (f/c) of 1.4 is considered. These sisal fibres and f/c ratio are responsible for reduction in the disposal (or) environmental problems. The compressive strength of composite slightly improved from Mix-1 to Mix-2 at 28days with the decreased content of sisal fibres. But the split tensile and flexural characteristics highly increased by 8.33%, 5.45% from Mix-1 to Mix-2, respectively. These characteristics highly improved with the increased curing period (28days to 120days). The durability of the composite significantly influenced from 28days to 56days, but slightly improved with the decreased content of sisal fibres. To analyze these characteristics, SEM and XRD analysis are performed. Portlandite and quartz content was highly reduced (formation of C-S-H gel) from 28days to 56days due to hydration of unhydrated fly ash, fine aggregates, and other materials. The microstructure of both the mixes is densified with this gel. Mix-2 is more densified than Mix-1 due to the properties and arrangement of sisal fibres. These fibres are appropriately arranged in the partial replacement of PVA fibres compared to full dosage.
Composition-Designed High Entropy Perovskite Oxides for Oxygen Evolution Catalysis
Authors: Okazaki Yuichi , Fujita Yushi , Murata Hidenobu , Masuyama Naoki , Nojima Yusuke , Ikeno Hidekazu , Yagi Shunsuke , Yamada Ikuya
Published: August 2022

Oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts play an essential role in energy-conversion electrochemical reactions. High entropy oxides (HEOs) were recently investigated as promising candidates to realize highly active and cost-effective OER catalysts. The vast composition space for HEOs needs considerable efforts to find possible catalysts, which disturbs the further development beyond simple chemical compositions like equimolar ones. In this study, we conducted the fast and efficient design of the perovskite HEOs of La(Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni)O3 with high OER catalytic activity using Bayesian optimization and elucidated the relationship between chemical compositions and OER catalytic activities. The HEOs with optimized compositions exhibited much higher activities than equimolar LaCr1/5Mn1/5Fe1/5Co1/5Ni1/5O3, which was previously reported as an active catalyst. Bayesian optimization adjusted the concentrations of OER active elements of Fe, Co, and Ni to enhance the catalytic activities and provided the insight that inactive elements (Cr and Mn) in HEOs even promoted the OER activities. These findings suggest the solution of data-based predictions to improve catalytic performances in multi-element transition metal oxides.
Novel synthesis of metal-organic-framework-based film with enhanced mechanical properties, biodegradability and antibacterial performance for packaging applications
Authors: Ananthi P. , Hemkumar K. , Subasini S. , Pius Anitha
Published: August 2022

Bio-nanocomposite-based packaging materials have gained interest due to their possible applications in food packaging. Cellulose acetate (CA) is a biopolymer obtained by acetylation of cellulose and has characteristics such as biocompatibility, biodegradability and high transparency. Introducing Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) offer good mechanical strength, unique surface area and both chemical and thermally stable, making them great supporting materials in the development of polymer-based packaging materials. Among them, Fe-MIL-88A an iron-based MOF, integrated with CA and spinach extract was added to the prepared material in different compositions and cast as a film. The Spinach loaded, Fe-MIL-88A integrated cellulose acetate film significantly enhanced the tensile strength, water vapour permeability, and anti-microbial activity. The prepared film is then characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transforms infrared spectrometer (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Further, studies on mechanical properties, degradation test and real-time applications of the prepared films were carried out.
Hybrid Closed Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy Maintains the Leg Length after Surgery Compared to Open Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy
Authors: Takagawa Shu , Kobayashi Naomi , Yukizawa Yohei , Hirata Yasuhide , Honda Hideki , Inaba Yutaka
Published: August 2022

Background: Hybrid closed wedge high tibial osteotomy (h-CWHTO) is an improved surgical technique compared with conventional CWHTO that can help reduce the amount of bone block removed. To our best knowledge, there are no reports on changes in leg length after h-CWHTO. This study aimed to assess the change in leg length after open wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) and h-CWHTO and verify whether the change in leg length was associated with preoperative radiographic factors and the opening or closing of bone distance.Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the data of patients treated via OWHTO and h-CWHTO between 2016 and 2019. Data from 57 cases of OWHTO and 31 cases of h-CWHTO were included in the analysis. Standing full-length anteroposterior radiographs were obtained preoperatively and one year postoperatively. Changes in the lower leg and tibial length were measured using radiography, and the opening or closing of the bone distance was decided via operative planning. Flexion contracture was examined preoperatively and one year postoperatively using a goniometer, and the correlation factors and changes in leg length were analyzed using Spearman’s rank correlation.Results: In the OWHTO group, the lower leg was significantly longer by a mean of length of 6.0±8.7 mm; however, a significant difference was not observed in the h-CWHTO group (mean, -0.56±11.6 mm). Additionally, flexion contracture significantly improved from -7.1±7.0 degrees to -4.7±6.2 degrees in the h-CWHTO group alone. There were no radiographic factors or bone opening or closing distances associated with changes in leg length.Conclusion: While OWHTO extended the lower leg, h-CWHTO could maintain the leg length after surgery. The changes in leg length after OWHTO and h-CWHTO were not predictable based on the preoperative factors.Level of Evidence: Level Ⅲ Retrospective Cohort Study
Diagnostic models for fever of unknown origin based on 18F-FDG PET/CT: A prospective study in China
Authors: Chen Jia , Xing MingYou , Xu Dong , Xie NaNa , Zhang WenCong , Ruan QiuRong , Song JianXin
Published: August 2022

Background: This study aims to analyze the PET/CT characteristics of different causes of fever of unknown origin (FUO) and identify independent predictors to develop a suitable diagnostic model for distinguishing between these causes. A total of 524 patients with classical FUO who underwent PET/CT were prospectively studied. The diagnostic performance of PET/CT imaging was analyzed, and relevant clinical parameters that could improve diagnostic efficacy were identified. The model was established using the data of 369 patients and the other 155 patients comprised the validation cohort for verifying the diagnostic performance of the model.Results: The metabolic characteristics of the “hottest” lesion, the spleen, bone marrow, and lymph nodes, were different among the various causes. The addition of clinical parameters could improve the diagnostic efficacy of PET/CT in diagnosing FUO. In the testing cohort, the AUCs of the infection prediction model, the malignancy diagnostic model, and the noninfectious inflammatory disease (NIID) prediction model were 0.89 (0.86-0.92), 0.94 (0.92-0.97), and 0.95 (0.93-0.97), respectively. The results with the validation cohort were similar; the corresponding AUCs were 0.88 (0.82-0.93), 0.93 (0.89-0.98), and 0.95 (0.92-0.99), respectively.Conclusions: 18F-FDG PET/CT has a certain level of sensitivity and accuracy in diagnosing FUO, which can be further improved by combining it with clinical parameters. Diagnostic models based on PET/CT show excellent performance and can be used as a reliable tool to discriminate the cause of FUO.Trial registration: This study (A two-step method apparently improved the physicians’ level of diagnosis decision-making for adult patients with FUO) was registered on the website http://www.clinical-trials.gov on January 14, 2014, with registration number NCT02035670.