bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
SUBACUTE NECROTISING LYMPHADENITIS:A Clinicopathologic Study
Authors: Fujimori Takahiro , Shioda Kei , Sussman Edward B. , Miura Myota , Katayama Isao
Published: August 2010

This report describes the clinical and pathologic findings of 21 patients with subacute necrotizing lymphadenitis (N.L.). Clinical features of all but 2 patients were as typically described in the literature; young age, enlargement of cervical or axillary lymph nodes, slight to moderate fever with poor response to antibiotics, and invariable spontaneous resolution. Two patients showed atypical clinical findings; remittent high fever with profound prostration in both patients, generalized lymphadenopathy in one, and being a Caucasian in the other. Systemic symptoms resolved gradually, and both patients are now doing well. One patient, however, underwent a staging laparotomy due to a misdiagnosis as unclassiflable lymphoma of the lymph node biopsy. Biopsies of the lymph nodes from all patients demonstrated the typical pathologic features of NL.; i.e., an intensive proliferation of activated lymphocytes mottled by necrotic foci in which polymorphonuclear leukocytes were characteristically absent. Bacteriologic and serologic studies were negative. We conclude that some patients with N.L. run a protracted course with remittent high fever before spontaneous resolution and that a correct pathologic diagnosis helps precluding unnecessary diagnostic or therapeutic measures on such patients.
EARLY CHANGES OF HEMATOPOIETIC TISSUES IN MICE TREATED WITH INTRAVENOUS PULSE‐DOSES OF 7,12‐DIMETHYLBENZ(a)ANTHRACENE
Authors: Uematsu Kunio
Published: August 2010

Repeated intravenous injections of 7,12‐dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (abbr. DMBA), four times weekly, induced several kinds of tumors in 26 mice (83.9%) out of 31 ddO mice, including 13 leukemias and 6 ovarian tumors. All leukemias were of lymphatic type, and 9 cases out of 13 leukemias were of thymus type. The thymus was involved by leukemic cells in 12 cases. All ovarian tumors were diagnosed as granulosa cell tumors histologically. During the treatment of DMBA, two types of changes in organs and blood were observed: one was a striking decrease of weight of organs or number of cells followed by prompt recovery as found in the spleen, red blood cells, and granulocytes in the peripheral blood; the other was moderate but long‐standing decrease with little recovery as found in the thymus, ovaries, uterus, and lymphocytes in the peripheral blood. Unlike DMBA, the weight of the thymus was strikingly decreased by predonisolone, one of corticosteroids, whereas reactions of the spleen and the lymph nodes were not remarkable. Autoradiographical studies revealed a severe reduction followed by a marked rebound of labeling index in the red pulp of the spleen, but not in the white pulps of the spleen and cortex of the thymus. From these observations, it is concluded that a mild but long standing injury was noticed in the tissues which were the main sites of the tumorigenesis in mice by DMBA, and a severe but transient injury may not be related to induction of tumors in mice by DMBA.
HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA COMBINED WITH HEPATIC SARCOMA
Authors: Shin Phyjou , Ohmi Sakuya , Sakurai Masami
Published: August 2010

An autopsy case of hepatocellular carcinoma combined with hepatic sarcoma was presented. There were three main tumor nodes in the liver. They showed necrosis due to therapeutic embolization of the hepatic artery. Histologically, one of the three was of hepatocellular carcinoma, and the other two were of spindle cell sarcomas. Extrahepatic metastases all showed characteristics of sarcoma. In the present case report, some problems concerning hepatic sarcoma and sarcomatous representation of hepatocellular carcinoma were proposed in reviewing the literatures.
THANATOPHORIC DYSPLASIA OF IDENTICAL TWINS
Authors: Sato Daiji , Hosokawa Yoshiaki , Nakamuba Yasuhiro , Mukae Toshihiko , Nakashima Teruyuki , Komatsu Yoshiharu , Kabashima Shyoichi
Published: August 2010

The autopsy cases of thanatophoric dysplasia of identical female twins were reported. These babies showed short limbs, long and narrow thoraxes, and depressed nasal roots. Disorganization of endochondral ossification and hypertrophic periosteum were recognized histologically at the epiphyseal plate of femur. The cause of death was respiratory distress caused by hypoplastic and atelectatic lungs. Their mother had no complaints except hydramnios. Female identical twins of this disease are very rare. It could be considered that the disease would be induced by some genetic disorders occurring at the earliest developmental stage.
MUCORMYCOSIS IN DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS: Role of Unbound Iron Binding Capacity of Transferrin
Authors: Abe Fumihiko , Shibuya Hiroyuki , Tateyama Miki , Ommura Yuuta , Azumi Norio , Kimura Kazuyuki
Published: August 2010

Increased susceptibility to Rhizopus oryzae in diabetes was investigated using mice in which diabetic ketoacidosis was experimentally induced. All of the diabetic mice which had developed ketoacidosis died within four days after inoculation of R. oryzae and their serum UIBCs (Unbound iron binding capacity) were significantly lower than those of the normal control mice. This study suggested that the decreased serum UIBC produced by diabetic ketoacidosis enhances the growth of R. oryzae in vivo. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 36: 1507‐1512, 1986.
PATHOLOGICAL STUDY OF SEQUELAE OF KAWASAKI DISEASE (MCLS): With Special Reference to the Heart and Coronary Arterial Lesions
Authors: Tanaka Noboru , Naoe Shiro , Masuda Hirotake , Ueno Tetsuo
Published: August 2010

Unexpected sudden cardiac death among children with a history of Kawasaki disease has come to be reported in Japan. Death occurred between 2 months and 8 years after complete recovery from Kawasaki disease according to our study material. To study the lesions of Kawasaki disease sequelae we examined 61 cases of Kawasaki disease which came to autopsy. In 17 of these the deaths apparently to be due to sequelae of this disease, were characterized by cardiac insufficiency caused by ancient coronary aneurysm with or?anized thrombotic occlusion and superimposed acute ischemic myocardial de?eneration and/or necrosis. The age of the lesions appears to correlate with the interval period between complete recovery from this disease and death. Six cases succumbed incidentally of other causes: one traffic accident, one hemophilus meningitis, one chronic myeloid leukemia, one neuroblastoma, one menin?eal hemorrha?e due to rupture of basilar arterial aneurysm, and one acute lymphatic leukemia. Even in these cases, definite sequelae of arteritis were detected. A surgically resected coronary aneurysm and a ventricular aneurysm were also examined. It was disclosed by mass physical check‐up of school children that 0.1% had a history of Kawasaki disease, among which 5‐6% showed cardiac and/or coronary abnormality includin? aneurysms. The high incidence of cardiac involvement in Kawasaki disease has been proved in this study and this kind of lesion has the possibility of resulting in unexpected cardiac death of children. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 36: 1513‐1527, 1986.
ROLE OF LYSOSOMES IN CORONARY ARTERY LESIONS OF HYPERTENSIVE RATS
Authors: Suzuki Keiji , Kawaharada Umeko , Kobori Kiyohisa , Takatama Masamitsu , Ooneda Genju , Fukuda Toshio
Published: August 2010

Electron microscopically the role of acid phosphatase (acid P) positive lysosomes in the patho?enesis of intramyocardial coronary artery lesions of hypertensive rats with bilaterally constricted renal arteries was studied. At 3 postoperative weeks, acid P positive lysosomes were increased in endothelial cells of the coronary arteries, but at 5 weeks and thereafter, they were decreased in number. In the intima, intimal smooth muscle cells with acid P positive lysosomes appeared at 3 postoperative weeks, but their number remained small as late as 9 postoperative weeks. The internal elastic lamina was fra?mented into amorphous masses from 3 postoperative weeks, at 5 weeks and thereafter the fra?mentation and disruption became severer, and at 9 weeks the lamina disappeared because of marked disruption. At 3 postoperative weeks, acid P positive extracellular lysosomes were observed in the ?aps of the fra?mented internal elastic lamina. At 5 weeks and thereafter, extracellular lysosomes and attenuated processes of medial smooth muscle cells with lysosomes were seen extending through the ?aps of the fra?mented internal elastic lamina. Necrosis of these extendin? cell processes and lysosomes remainin? after the necrosis were observed. The findin?s su??ested that the fra?mentation and lytic chan?e of the internal elastic lamina observed in hypertensive rat intramyocardial coronary arteries might be induced by extracellular lysosomes dischar?ed not only from endothelial cells and intimal smooth muscle cells but also from the extendin? processes of medial smooth muscle cells into the gaps of the internal elastic lamina. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 36: 1529‐1536, 1986.
ACTIVATION OF CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTION IN IMMUNOSUPPRESSED CYNOMOLOGUS MONKEYS INOCULATED WITH VARICELLA‐ZOSTER VIRUS
Authors: Ohtaki Sachi , Kodama Hideo , Hondo Ryo , Kurata Takeshi
Published: August 2010

A systemic activated cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection was fortuitously detected in almost all monkeys which had been immunosuppressed with antithymocyte globulin (ATG), cyclophosphamide (CY), and cortisone acetate (CS) before and after experimental inoculation with varicella‐zoster virus (VZV). They developed exudative pneumonia, and the lesions in visceral organs and tissues contained cytomegalic cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies, in which viral antigens, specific for CMV, but not inoculated VZV, were detected by immunofluorescence. Serological study of paired sera from these monkeys ascertained preexisting CMV infection. Under the present experimental conditions, this infection was highly reproducible and always occurred within three, but not two, weeks of immunosuppression in monkeys inoculated with VZV. We therefore examined the host factors involved in activation of latent CMV. The immunocompetence of the host was destroyed almost completely with treatment of ATG, CY, and CS, but not with combinations of two of these agents, revealing the systemic depletion of lymphoid cells in tissues including the thymus medulla. although the role of VZV in the induction of CMV remains uncertain, the heterologous VZV inoculum may have produced some effects equivalent to the allogeneic reaction to release latent CMV. These monkeys may represents an animal model of “opportunistic” CMV infection in immunocompromised and /or allografted humans. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 36: 1537‐1552, 1986.
CLEAR CELL CHONDROSARCOMA: A Report of Two Cases and Review of Literature
Authors: Yamaguchi Hideo , Isu Kazuo , Ubayama Yuji , Yamawaki Shinya , Gotoh Mamoru , Miyagawa Akira , Minami Akio , Matsuno Takeo , Sasaki Tesuto , Nojima Takayuki
Published: August 2010

Two cases of clear cell chondrosarcoma located in the distal femur and proximal humerus are reported. Both patients were men aged 35 and 51 years. Their initial symptom was a pathologic fracture. Roentgenographically, one patient showed a purely lytic lesion and another lytic with centrally radiodensity. Microscopic examination revealed that the tumor cells have a centrally placed vesicular nucleus surrounded by a clear cytoplasm, with distinct boundaries. Their cytoplasm stained with S‐100 protein by the peroxidaseantiperoxidase method. We found 36 reported cases (including the two reported here), and delineated the clinico‐pathologic characteristics of the disease. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 36: 1577‐1585, 1986.
NEOPLASTIC NATURE OF ARGYROPHIL CELLS IN URACHAL ADENOCARCINOMA
Authors: Satake Tatsunari , Matsuyama Mutsushi
Published: August 2010

The histological, histochemical and electron microscopic features of themetastatic tumors of an urachal adenocarcinoma, were presented. Metastatic tumor nodules in the lungs and brain as well as the primary tumor showed tubular adenocarcinoma containing many argyrophil cells. immunoperoxidase examination revealed three kind of endocrine cells which contained different endocrine hormones. Electron microscopic examination showed small, round endocrine granules in the endocrine cells and desmosome‐like complexes in between these cells and the adjacent glandular neoplastic cells. These findings suggested that the endocrine cells were neoplastic in nature and originated from primitive neoplastic cells as well as glandular neoplastic cells. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 36: 1587‐1592, 1986.
INTRA‐CHOLECYSTIC ECTOPIC LIVER
Authors: Natoei Takashi , Hawkin Shuichi , Aizawa Miki , Asai Tomihiko , Kameda Yoshiaki , Ikuyohashi Keitaro
Published: August 2010

A 56‐year‐old Japanese woman who had an ectopic liver attached to the inner surface of the gallbladder is reported. The ectopic nodule measuring 1.2 × 0.5 × 0.8 cm was found incidentally when her gallbladder was resected because of cholelithiasis. Ectopic liver tissue in reported cases war located on the serosal surface, or in the wall of the gallbladder. This report described, to our knowledge, the first case of an ectopic liver nodule attached to the mucosal surface of the gallbladder with a thin pedicle.
CYTOPLASMIC INCLUSIONS AND VIRUS‐LIKE PARTICLES IN BLAST CELLS IN ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA
Authors: Ishihara Tokuhiro , Matsumoto Noboru , Yamashita Yoshimi , Takahashi Mutsuo , Uchino Fumiya , Inoue Masamitsu , Yano Shigeru , Tanaka Hiroyuki , Shinohara Kenji , Kaneko Toshio
Published: August 2010

Cytoplasmic inclusions and virus‐like particles are described in blast cells of peripheral blood from a 16‐year‐old female with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Three kinds of inclusions were identified on electron microscopy. The first type of inclusion was single membrane‐bounded vacuoles, some of which contained virus‐like particles, the second was lysosome‐like structures, and the third appeared to be of mitochondrial origin. Virus‐like particles were round in shape and had a diameter of 26 to 58 nm. They consisted of an electrondense outer membrane and an electron‐lucent core. At the present time the exact nature and significance of these virus‐like particles still remain unclear.
IMMUNOREACTIVITY OF SURFACTANT‐APOPROTEIN IN ADENOCARCINOMAS, LARGE CELL and SMALL CELL CARCINOMAS OF THE LUNG
Authors: Kitinya James N. , Subishi Katsuo , Tanaka Kenzo , Katsuda Yasaburo
Published: August 2010

Fifty seven adenocarcinomas, 43 large cell and 30 small cell lung carcinomas were immunohistochemically examined using monospecific IgG against pulmonary surfactant apoprotein. Six peripheral adenocarcinomas and one peripheral large cell carcinoma were found to be histogenetically related to type II pneumocytes. They showed an acinar, papillary or solid growth pattern. The immunohistochemical study using anti‐surfactant apoprotein IgG gave a granular reaction product in both the cytoplasm and nucleus of tumor cells whose intensity was variable. Intranuclaer inclusions were generally the most densely stained structures. These results suggest that lung carcinomas derived from alveolar type II cells are found not only in bronchioloalveolar tumors, but are also found in other types of adenocarcinoma and in large cell carcinomas. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 36: 1271 ∼ 1278, 1986.
EOSINOPHILIC GLOBULES IN KAPOSI'S SARCOMA
Authors: Senba Masachika , Itakura Hideyo , Yamashita Hiroto , Huang Hung June
Published: August 2010

Of the 12 cases, 2 (17%) showed eosinophilic globules in the typical cutaneous type of Kaposi's sarcoma. The globules were stained with periodic acid‐Schiff (PAS), periodic acid‐Schiff reagent after diastase digestion, and phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin (PTAH), but were not stained with Mayer's mucicarmine, and alcian blue. As the results, these globules might be glycoprotein. The shape of the globules was very similar to glycoprotein globules of yolk sac tumor (endodermal sinus tumor) in the tissue of the ovary and testis. In the yolk sac tumor, similar globules are stained with alpha‐fetoprotein, beta‐subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin, and alpha‐1‐antitrypsin using immunohistochemical techniques. Immunoperoxidase investigations were done with antibodies to alpha‐fetoprotein, beta‐subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin, alpha‐1‐antitrypsin, and carcinoembryonic antigen in the eosinophilic globules of Kaposi's sarcoma, but these antigens were detected in the globules. The morphogenesis of the glycoprotein globules is not clear yet. A better understanding of the source of globules in Kaposi's sarcoma awaits further research. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 36: 1327–1333, 1986.
STRUMAL CARCINOID OF THE OVARY Ultrastructural and Immunohistochemical Study
Authors: Tsububa Airo , Sasaki Masamichi
Published: August 2010

Strumal carcinoid of the ovary with mucinous cystadenoma of borderline malignancy is reported. A colloid‐like material in the follicular structure contained thyroglobulin which was immunohistochemically demonstrated to confirm the thyroid element, whereas the carcinoid component, which showed argyrophilia and displayed neurosecretory granules, revealed an insular or trabecular structure. This confirmed the presence of colloid filled thyroid epithelium intimately admixed with the carcinoid. Electron microscopy revealed carcinoid cells expanding toward the inner layer of the follicles but thyroid epithelium almost always stretched its thin cytoplasmic processes to cover the colloidal lumen. No calcitonin was demonstrated but CEA was seen in some cells of the carcinoid. No amyloid was detected. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 36: 1383–1390, 1986.
INFANTILE MYOFIBROMATOSIS:Report of Two Cases
Authors: Mizobuchi Kohichi , Yoshino Tadashi , Ikehara Ikuko , Kawabata Kenji , Tsutsumi Akira , Ogawa Katsuo , Saku Takashi
Published: August 2010

Two cases of infantile myofibromatosis were presented. Case 1 was a 6‐month‐old girl with multiple nodular lesions in the left parietal bone, dermis of abdominal wall, chest wall, right upper arm, and bilateral femur. Case 2 was a 12‐month‐old girl with solitary nodular lesions in the left parietal bone having a tendency to enlarge. Histologically, these tumorous lesions consisted of broad bundles of well oriented spindle‐shaped cells superficially resembling smooth muscle tissue. In electron microscopy, the constituent cells combined ultrastructural characteristics of both fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells., Immunoperoxidase method showed that anti‐smooth muscle antibodies binded to the cytoplasm of the bundle forming cells. From these results, it may be concluded that the lesion consisted of pure proliferation of myofibroblasts, and its peculiar growth behavior was discussed, though the histogenesis still remains obscure. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 36: 1411–1418, 1986.
LIGHT and ELECTRON MICROSCOPIC STUDY OF MUCOEPIDERMOID TUMOR OF CLEAR CELL TYPE
Authors: Miura Kazunori , Ishimaru Yasuji , Yoshimura Teizo
Published: August 2010

A rare type of mucoepidermoid tumor of hard palate was found in a 42‐year‐old man. By light microscopic examination, the nests of the tumor consisted almost entirely of clear cells and partly of epidermoid cells observed at the periphery of the nests. In addition, only a few isolated mucous cells were dispersed in sheets of the clear cells. Transition between the epidermoid cells and clear cells was apparent, characterized by a progressive clearing of the cytoplasm. It was shown by both the PAS reaction and removal by diastase digestion that the clear cytoplasm is due to the presence of significant amount of glycogen granules. By electron microscopic examination, adhesiveness of the epidermoid cells and the clear cells was characterized by numerous des‐mosomes. There were observed bundles of cytoplasmic tonofilaments and desmosome‐tonofilament attachment complexes in these cells. There was a variable amount of amorphous lucent substance in the epidermoid and clear cells, paticularly in the clear cells. It was assumed that glycogen is lost from cytoplasm during en bloc staining with uranyl acetate and the matrix of the glycogen areas appears as the amorphous feature. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 36: 1419–1427, 1986
VIRUS‐LIKE PARTICLES IN CULTURED C3H/St MOUSE CELLS TREATED WITH A CARCINOGENIC POLYCYCLIC HYDROCARBON
Authors: Iseki Eizo , Matsumoto Yoh , Takahashi Hitoshi , Ikuta Fusahiro
Published: August 2010

Virus‐like particles with cylindrical form were found in cultured alveolar macrophages and lung fibroblasts of C3H/St mice, after treating these cells with a carcinogenic polycyclic hydrocarbon, 1, 2, 5, 6, ‐Dibenzanthracene (DBA). Their morphology looked identical to those observed in vivo in the reactive cells which engulfed DBA crystals implanted into the brain and muscle of the same mouse strain. These particles were not found in either the untreated cells of C3 H/St mice or the treated cells of BALB/c mice. In the alveolar macrophages, these particles appeared first at 3 days after DBA treatment and reached the maximum number around the 30th day. They still kept their morphology in the degenerating cells which had lost the cytoplasmic organelles. These findings suggest the possibility that DBA induced the expression of the viral genome endogeneous to C3H/St cell.
ALTERED GLOMERULAR LOCALIZATION OF HEPARAN SULFATE PROTEOGLYCAN IN EXPERIMENTAL NEPHRITIDES
Authors: Uchida Mitsue , Shibata Nobuo , Katoh Masahiro , Shigematsu Hidekazu
Published: August 2010

The distribution of heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HS‐PG) was examined electron microscopically by the high iron diamine (HID) method in puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN) nephrosis, accelerated Masugi nephritis (NTN), and serum sickness nephritis induced by bovine serum albumin (BSA nephritis) in the rat. In PAN nephrosis rats, no change was observed in the distribution of HS‐PG in the lamina rara externa (LRE) of the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) throughout the experiment. In NTN rats, however, the loss of HS‐PG was observed, and it was associated with subepithelial electron dense deposits formed possibly by serum sickness mechanism, but not with inflammatory cell infiltration. In BAS nephritis, immune deposits were seen in mesangial, subendothelial, intramembranous and subepithelial areas. The deposits in the former three areas seemed to have little reciprocity with the loss of HS‐PG and proteinuria. Urinary protein increased in accordance with the development of subepithelial deposits and the loss of HS‐PG in the area of the deposits in the LRE. These results indicate that HS‐PG could be preserved even in marked proteinuric states in morphologically Intact basement membrane, but altered and lost distribution of HS‐PG associated with subepithelial immune deposits could in turn result in the development of proteinuria.
PATHOLOGY OF KAWASAKI DISEASE IN THE HEALED STAGE Relationships between Typical and Atypical Cases of Kawasaki Disease
Authors: Fujiwara Hisayoshi , Fujiwara Takako , Kao Ta‐Chirn , Ohshio Gakuji , Hamashima Yoshihiro
Published: August 2010

To define the pathological features of Kawasaki disease (KD) in the healed stage (over 40 days of illness), 69 autopsied infants with clinically typical KD (25 in the healed stage and 38 in the acute stage) and atypical KD (four in the healed stage and two in the acute stage) were examined.

In the medium‐sized arteries with coronary aneurysm in KD, panvasculitis was evident in the acute stages, while scar formation was noted in the healed stage. Thrombi, marked intimal thickening, marked stenosis, and recanalization were seen in the coronary arteries. In KD without aneurysm, acute inflammation was localized in the intima and the perivascular area of the coronary arteries in the acute stages, but was absent in the healed stage. Although intimal thickening was noted, marked stenosis and thrombi were not evident in KD without aneurysm. In KD with and without aneurysm, acute angiltis in small arteries and micro‐vessels and acute inflammation of various organs were noted in the acute stages, but disappeared in the healed stage. Fibrinoid necrosis of the artery was rare in the acute stages and was not noted in the healed stage. Atypical cases of KD showed the same pathological features as those in cases with clinically typical KD. The common cause of death in the healed stage was ischemic heart disease. Old myocardial infarction was noted in 80% of the cases, and acute myocardial infarction was seen In 35%. KD is an acute systemic inflammatory disease and KD without aneurysm is a disease with mild angiitis.
CARCINOSARCOMA OF THE GALLBLADDER: Report of a Case and Review of the Literature
Authors: Inoshita Shun‐ichi , Iwashita Akinori , Enjoji Munetomo
Published: August 2010

An extremely rare case of carcinosarcoma of the gallbladder is reported. The tumor presenting as a large, soft polypoid growth was microscopically characterized by an admixture of adenocarcinomatous and sarcomatous ele‐ments, the latter containing specific heterologous mesenchymal elements such as osteoid, cartilage, and rhabdomyoblasts. The cytoplasm of neoplastic rhabdomyoblasts offered unequivocal cross striations and was strongly posi‐tive for myoglobin, determined by the immunoperoxidase procedure. Metas‐tatic tumors in the liver also exhibited a dual composition of adenocarcinoma and rhabdomyosarcoma. This appears to be the second documented case of this type of neoplasm with the rhabdomyosarcomatous component. The clinical settings and morbid prognosis were similar to events in cases of carcinoma of the gallbladder.
SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF THE URACHUS A Case Report and Review of Literature
Authors: Jimi Atsuo , Munaoka Hikaru , Sato Shinichi , Iwata Yasushi
Published: August 2010

A rare case of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is reported. A cystic tumor, measuring 4X4 cm was surgically removed from the supravesical portion in a 77‐yearold woman. Macroscopically, it had a comunicating canal to the urinary bladder. Microscopically, well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma with pearl formation was noted. An aspiration biopsy was helpful for the histopathological diagnosis at operation. The patient developed purulent peritonitis because of rupture of the tumor which was vulnerable to infection. Six documented cases and the present case were reviewed. The tumors were classified into two types on morphological features: supravesical type and intramural type. Site and local extension of the tumor accounted for clinical features of each type. The authors considered that SCC cells were derived from totipotential epithelial lining of the urachal remnant.
CHARACTERISTICS OF HISTIOCYTIC LESIONS IN THE RETICULOENDOTHELIAL SYSTEM OF NZB MICE
Authors: Sadahira Yoshito , Mori Masaharu , Ozaki Michitaka , Awai Michiyasu
Published: August 2010

The so‐called Potter's lesion, previously described as preneoplastic in the lymph nodes of C58 mice, develops frequently in autoimmune NZB mice. These lesions were characterized in the present study by bands or sheets of palestaining histiocytic cells in the cortex and medulla of the lymph node, and multiple small nodules of the same cells were found in the red pulp of the spleen and the liver. Electron microscopically, the cells had pleomorphic cytoplasm with long processes, electron‐dense bodies, abundant mitochondria, and a characteristic labyrinth structure with many C‐type viruses. Mac‐1 antigen, IgG‐Fc receptor, ferritin, and ACPase activity were identified on these cells. Intraperitoneally‐injected iron colloids were found in the lesions of the spleen and liver but not in those of the lymph nodes. The lymph node lesions appeared when the mice were about 3 months of age and enlarged until the mice were around 10 months old, after which they gradually receded and were replaced by small vessels and fibroblastic cells. These data indicate that the lesions represent reactive hyperplasia of the macrophage system and may have no direct association with the development of malignant lymphoma in NZB mice.
LYSOZYME ACTIVITY OF CYSTIC MUCOSAL AND SUBMUCOSAL GLANDS IN THE STOMAL AREA OF THE GASTRIC REMNANT
Authors: Wada Ryo , Abe Hiroshi , Aze Yoshiya , Sung Muen , Ishioka Tomonori , Taki Kazuhiro , Kuwabara Noriyuki , Fukuda Yoshiro
Published: August 2010

In order to study the lysozyme activity in the cystic mucosal and sub‐ucosal glands in the stomal area of the gastric remnant, which is one of the components of gastritis cystica polyposa, we carried out a pathological and immunohistochemical examination of 55 patients with gastric remnants, including 19 with stomal carcinoma, after partial gastrectomy for benign gastro‐duodenal diseases. These stomach specimens were examined im‐munohistochemically for lysozyme. The cytoplasm of some epithelial cells of cystic mucosal and submucosal glands, which showed characteristic changes in the gastro‐intestinal stoma as well as background changes in the stomal carcinoma, showed a strongly positive reaction for lysozyme. These strongly lysozyme‐positive cells in the cystic mucosal glands appeared more frequently in the cases of stomal carcinoma than in the non‐cancerous controls.
HAIRY CELL LEUKEMIA: Electron Microscopic Observations of Two Cases
Authors: Inoue Katsumi
Published: August 2010

Electron microscopic studies were done on two cases of hairy cell leukemia. Although scanning electron microscopy did reveal typical features of hairy cells, in most abnormal cells, transmission electron microscopy clearly showed that there are two distinct types of cell populations. These two types of leukemic cells with respective lymphoid and non‐lymphoid characteristics warrant further investigation. ACTA PATHOL. JPN. 37: 1787–1796, 1987.
ULTRASTRUCTURAL MORPHOGENESIS OF MITOCHONDRIA IN ALCOHOLIC LIVER
Authors: Chang Eun Sook
Published: August 2010

Electron microscopic studies of 53 diagnostic liver biopsies from 23 patients were done. Ultrastructural study revealed most striking alteration to be in the mitochondria such as pleomorphism in shape and size, especially giant mitochondria with disorganization, crystalline inclusions and calcium‐like electron dense bodies. These ultrastructural changes might have been induced by specific bichemical abnormality in alcohol bearing condition. Diagnostic use of electron microscopy will be useful in detecting alcoholic injury in alcoholic patient who fails to demonstrate any discernible laboratory and light microscopic abnormalities.
GROWTH PROMOTION OF UROTHELIAL CELLS BY A SILK SUTURE IN THE BLADDER WALLS OF RATS
Authors: Shimamura Tetsuo
Published: August 2010

This study is to describe the reaction of urothelial cells to a silk suture placed surgically in the urinary bladder. Experimental rats have a single silk suture transmurally inserted in the wall and lumen of the bladder. The controls received sham operations. At various time intervals up to the 54th week, the sequence of morphologic events which took place in the bladder wall has been studied by gross and by light and electron microscopic examinations. The mucosal hyperplasia was the major finding for those sacrificed at weeks 2, 4, and 8. A single growth or multiple polypoid growths composed of well differentiated urothelial cells were found at weeks 16, 24, and 54. None of these growths were invasive. They exhibited little evidence of progressive morphologic change with time. Ultrastructurally, the tumor cells essentially showed characteristics of urothelial cells. None of the controls developed a similar urothelial growth. In conclusion, presence of a silk suture in the urinary bladder resulted in mucosal hyperplasia followed by noninvasive tumorous growth of well differentiated transitional cells. Exact mechanisms of this growth promotion by a silk suture and the potential of the growths becoming invasive neoplasms remain to be determined.
MYXOID SARCOMA ARISING FROM THE PULMONARY TRUNK
Authors: Atari Eio , Okudaira Masahiko
Published: August 2010

We reported a case of a myxold sarcoma of the pulmonary trunk in a 40‐year‐old women. On light and immunohistochemical studies, spindle‐shaped tumor cells revealed the nature of smooth muscle origin.
DISTRIBUTION OF KERATIN PROTEIN IN NORMAL PROSTATE AND PROSTATIC TUMORS
Authors: Kuwahara Takeichiro , Nagayama Tadao
Published: August 2010

Fifty cases (20 cases of benign hyperplasia, 30 cases of adenocarcinoma) of prostatic tissues were studied for expression of keratin. The basal cells were strongly and continuously positive in normal prostatic glands and in benign prostatic hyperplasia. The secretory cells and carcinoma cells were negative. The basal cells remained partially in intra‐ductal carcinoma, revealing keratin positive cells in a spotty pattern. These findings may be useful in differential diagnosis between benign prostatic hyperplasia and carcinoma of the prostate.
CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS AT AUTOPSY
Authors: Fukumoto Sumio , Tsemiarid Toshiro , Kinjo Mitsuru , Tanaka Kenzo
Published: August 2010

Using a computed image analyzer, coronary arteries from 50 autopsied patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were examined on the three vessels (RCA, LAD, LCX) and compared with those of age‐matched controls. The intima of coronary artery was significantly thickened much more in the case of SLE than in the case of age‐matched controls. This was statistically significant (p<0.01). Hypertension and glomerulonephritis did not but corticosteroid therapy had an influence on the development of intimal thickening ratio of the coronary arteries in SLE patients. The mean intimal thickening ratio of the coronary arteries in the patients with SLE and without corticosteroid therapy was larger than that of patients with corticosteroid therapy (p<0.1). It appears possible to conclude that inflammatory change of SLE itself is one of the promoting factors of coronary atherosclerosis.
DIFFUSE INTERSTITIAL PULMONARY FIBROSIS AND LUNG CANCER
Authors: Kawai Toshiaki , Yakumaru Kazuhiro , Suzuki Minoru , Kageyama Keizo
Published: August 2010

Forty‐two cases of lung cancer complicated with diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (DIPF) were selected from 13,056 autopsy cases. They were divided into primary (Group I and II) and secondary (Group III) DIPF, and histopathologic and clinicopathologic studies were made. The prevalence of lung cancer with primary DIPF was 17% (8/47) which was significantly (p< 0.01) higher than that without DIPF (7% or 886/13,009). All eight cases of lung cancer in Group I and II were male, and 7 had cigarette‐smoking history. The anatomical sites of lung cancer and DIPF were all peripheral in origin, and in 7 cases located primarily in the lower lobes (left: right = 6: 1). Adenocar‐cinoma was the most common type. The study suggests that male DIPF patients with long clinical history should be followed thoroughly for lung cancer.
COMPLETE AND INCOMPLETE PYLORIC GLAND METAPLASIA OF HUMAN GALLBLADDER
Authors: Tatematsu Masae , Furihata Chie , Miki Kazumasa , Ichinose Masao , Shirai Tomoyuki , Tatematsu Keiko , Ito Nobuyuki
Published: August 2010

The features of pyloric gland metaplasia in the gallbladder epithelium were studied by histochemical staining for mucin and the immunoperoxldase method for pepsinogens (Pg) I and II. Pyloric gland metaplasia was found in 48 of 72 gallbladders removed surgically. All the pyloric gland metaplastic cells contained class III mucin demonstrated by paradoxical concanavalin A (Con A) staining. Pyloric gland metaplasia was classified into complete and incomplete types on the basis of the immunohistochemical reactivities of Pgs I and II: The complete type of pyloric gland metaplasia contained neutral mucins and weak Pg I and strong Pg II activities, like normal pyloric gland cells. Almost all speciments of the incomplete type of pyloric gland metaplasia contained acid mucins and were further classified into two types: an incomplete type 1, which had Pg II but no Pg I activity, and an incomplete type 2, which had no Pg I or II activity.
SYSTEMIC AMYLOIDOSIS WITH A MESENTERIC MASS WHICH HAD THE APPEARANCE OF PROTEINACEOUS LYMPHADENOPATHY
Authors: Oyaizu Naoki , Shikata Nobuaki , Tsubura Airo , Morii Sotokichi , Taniguchi Norimichi , Miura Katsuro
Published: August 2010

An autopsy case of systemic amyloidosis in a 46‐year‐old Japanese female who had M component in sera but no manifestations of myeloma is described. Autopsy revealed massive milky ascites and a large mesenteric mass, which showed histologically perivascular concentric deposition of eosinophilic materials with mixture of residual follicles and scattered plasma cells. These morphological findings closely resembled those seen in proteinaceous lymphadenopathy, and the material in the mesenteric mass proved to be an amyloid AA protein. Subsequent immunohistochemical observations strongly suggested that this mass lesion was a “burnt‐out” plasmacytic dyscrasia.
MULTIPLE MYELOMA, IgA x TYPE, ACCOMPANYING CRYSTAL‐STORING HISTIOCYTOSIS AND AMYLOIDOSIS
Authors: Takahashi Kiyoshi , Naito Makoto , Takatsuki Kiyoshi , Kono Fumio , Chitose Masami , Ooshima Shuichi , Mori Naoyoshi , Sakuma Hideo , Uchino Fumiya
Published: August 2010

An autopsy case of multiple myeloma, IgA x type, accompanying systemic crystal‐storing histiocytosis and generalized amyloidosis, is reported. Besides multiple destructive lesions in the skeletal bones, nodular myeloma cell infiltrates were scattered in the liver, spleen, and both kidneys. Not only in these lesions but also in the reticuloendothelial organs, crystal‐storing macro‐phages appeared dispersively or in clusters. Electron microscopically, numerous crystalline inclusions contained in the cytoplasm of macrophages were membrane‐bound and of variable configuration, comprising of a homogeneous electron‐lucid material. Enzyme cytochemically, almost all of the inclusions showed acid phosphatase activity. On the basis of the results obtained from the immunohistochemical, immunofluorescent and immunoelectron microscopic studies, it was considered that the crystalline inclusions stored in the macrophages were derived from IgA x immunoglobulin secreted from the myeloma cells and were formed within secondary lysosomes by crystallization during lysosomal digestion and degradation of the ingested immunoglobulin by macrophages. Generalized amyloidosis developed in different sites from those of the crystal‐storing histiocytosis and were proven immunohisto‐chemically to belong to AL amyloidosis probably derived from a certain group of A x precursor protein.
Effects of Monensin on Subcellular Structure, Thyroglobulin Secretion and Peroxidase Activity of Cultured Thyroid Cells Obtained from Patients with Hyperthyroidism
Authors: Yamashita Hiroto , Noguchi Shiro , Murakami Nobuo , Kato Ryouji , Adachi Mitsuo , Kato Sigeru , Inoue Souichi , Nakayama Iwao , Mannen Kazuaki , Mifune Kumato
Published: August 2010

The effects of monensin on subcellular structure, release of thyroglobulin (TG) and peroxidase (PO) activity were investigated using primary cultures of thyroid cells obtained from patients with Basedow's disease (Basedow's cells). TG concentration in the culture medium was measured by a sandwich enzyme immunoassay and the amount of TG in cultured cells was measured with an identical sandwich enzyme immunoassay after lysis of the cells with Triton X‐100. PO activity of cultured cells was measured by a biochemical method. Addition of TSH (10 mU/ml/day) to the culture medium increased the synthesis and release of TG. When monensin (1 μm/l) was added to the medium on the last day of a 3‐day incubation with TSH, the Golgi complex showed vacuolative change ultrastructurally, and the amount of intracellular TG was increased, whereas the amount of TG in the culture medium and PO activity became lower than those in the control group. These results suggest that in cultured Basedow's cells, TG is secreted through the Golgi complex, and that the activity of PO is elevated after processing in the Golgi complex. Acta Pathol Jpn 40: 181‐186, 1990.
An Immunohistochemical Study of Calcitonin–containing Cells in Benign and Malignant Thyroid Lesions
Authors: Inoue Souichi , Yokoyama Shigeo , Nakayama Iwao , Noguchi Shiro
Published: August 2010

Parafollicular cells (C‐cells) in benign and malignant thyroid lesions were studied immunohistochemically with a polyclonal anti‐calcitonin (CT) antibody. The C‐cells were seen most frequently in the middle third of the lateral lobes in the thyroid gland of normal individuals and patients with Graves' disease and chronic thyroiditis, although in the latter the number of such cells was significantly decreased (p< 0.05). In adenomatous goiter, C‐cells were present in nodular lesions from an early stage of nodule development (frequency about 19%), whereas in the later stage these cells were rarely observed inside type 1 nodules, which were generally characterized by an admixture of follicles with considerably different sizes. However, C‐cells were not observed inside type 2 nodules, which were composed of similar‐sized follicles, or in the parenchyma of 56 cases of benign and malignant thyroid tumors. These findings suggest that since C‐cells are present in nodular lesions, the histogenesis of adenomatous goiter is quite different from that of follicular adenoma; thyroid neoplasms generally contain no C‐cells in the parenchyma. Acta Pathol Jpn 40: 187‐192, 1990.
Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma. A Clinicopathologic and Immunohistochemical Study of 12 Cases
Authors: Matsuno Yoshihiro , Mukai Kiyoshi , Itabashil Masayuki , Yamauchi Yuko , Hirota Teruyuki , Nakajima Takashi , Shimosato Yukio
Published: August 2010

Twelve cases of alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS) were reviewed. Seven of them arose primarily in the lower extremities, three i n the head and neck region, and two in other parts. ASPSs in the head and neck region occurred in children before 10 years of age, whereas ASPSs in the other regions occurred in rather older patients. Moreover, ASPSs of the head and neck were relatively small in size, and were diagnosed earlier than those in other regions. Histologically, six cases (including all the head and neck cases) contained considerable area of small and indistinct alveolar structures. Four cases showed remarkable cellular pleomorphism. lmmunohistochemical demonstration of vimentin, desmin, the β‐subunit of enolase and the MM isozyme of creatine kinase, together with the absence of immunoreactive cytokeratin, supported the myogenic nature of this rare tumor. A small number of S‐100 protein‐positive tumor cells were also observed. Followup data for these cases disclosed that the tumors containing considerable area of small alveoli and uniform small tumor cells formed distant metastases at an early stage. Acta Pathol Jpn 40: 199‐205, 1990.
Malignant Schwannoma Arising in the Intracranial Trigeminal Nerve. A Report of an Autopsy Case and a Review of the Literature
Authors: Horie Yasushi , Akagi Seiji , Taguchi Kohji , Yoshino Tadashi , Hayashi Kazuhiko , Takahashi Kiyoshi , Akagi Tadaatsu
Published: August 2010

An autopsy case of malignant schwannoma arising in the intracranial trigeminal nerve is reported. The tumor involved the right cerebellopontine angle of the brain stem in an 18‐year‐old man. The spindle‐shaped tumor cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm proliferated in fascicles and exhibited hypercellularity, pleomorphisrn, increased mitotic activity and invasive growth. Ultrastructurally, inter‐digitating cytoplasmic processes and a few fragmented basal lamina‐like structures were observed. Immunohistochemically, some tumor cells were reactive with conventional anti‐S‐100 protein antibody, but negative for β subunit. Most tumor cells were positive for LY subunit of S‐100 protein. This is the eighth reported case of malignant schwannoma arising in the intracranial trigeminal nerve. Acta Pathol Jpn 40: 219‐225, 1990.
Pathology of Soft Tissue Sarcomas
Authors: Enjoji Munetomo , Hashimoto Hiroshi
Published: August 2010

Soft tissue sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of malignant tumors with a wide range of clinical presentation, morphologic features and biologic behavior. During the past two decades, many acceptable new entities have been proposed, and the diagnosis and classification of these tumors have been modified. This paper reviews several current issues that are considered worthy of note for the histologic diagnosis of soft tissue sarcomas. Acta Pathol Jpn 40: 863 870, 1990.
Leukocytic Fragments in Blood Smears
Authors: Hirokawa Mitsuyoshi , Manabe Toshiaki , Ishimatsu Shinichi , Yokotani Yukio
Published: August 2010

We retrospectively reviewed blood smears from patients with septic shock and/or disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in order to determine whether the appearance of leukocytic fragments on blood smears has any clinical significance. Leukocytic fragments were seen in six of twelve cases with septic shock but in none of three cases of DIC without sepsis. All six cases with leukocytic fragments also showed fragmented erythrocytes. The fact that five of these six cases died and that four were dead within two days after the leukocytic fragments were noted may indicate that this appearance heralds a severe and terminal condition of sepsis. Although the exact reason for the appearance of these fragments is unclear, it seems to be related either to mechanical shearing through microangiopathic fibrin strands, which may also cause erythrocytic fragments, or to a complex alteration in the cell membrane due to bacteria, endotoxin, or other factors. We would like to stress that the presence of leukocytic fragments on blood smears provides an important clue to the patient's prognosis. Acta Pathol Jpn 40: 908–912, 1990.
Tenascin in Tissue Perturbation Repair
Authors: Sakakura Teruyo , Kusano Itsuo
Published: August 2010

Tenascin is an extracellular matrix glycoprotein consisting of six disulfide‐linked subunits with molecular masses of 190‐250 kDa. The cDNAs of chicken, mouse and human tenascins were cloned and their amino acid sequences were determined. Molecular analysis of the tenascin gene revealed that it contains a region homologous to the fibrinogen gene, and repetitive sequences of the type III fibronectin and epidermal growth factor genes. Several isoforms of the tenascin gene as splicing variants have also been found. Culture studies have shown that tenascin has multiple functions including cell attachment and detachment, promotion and inhibition of neural crest cell migration, cell growth stimulation and hemagglutination. Immunohistochemistry of a variety of tissues, both normal and abnormal, from various animals has shown that the distribution of tenascin is characteristic, and spatially and chronologically restricted. lmmunoreactive tenascin was demonstrated in the dense mesenchyme present around growing epithelia during embryogenesis and oncogenesis. Besides its oncofetal expression, tenascin was also found in many tissues with inflammation such as healing wounds, regenerating tissue and irritated tissue. These findings suggest that tenascin probably functions as a homeostatic factor in the repair of tissue perturbation. Acta Pathol Jpn 41: 247‐258, 1991.
Human Helper T Cell Lines Established by Coculture of Normal Human Cord Leukocytes with an HTLV‐Il‐infected Rabbit Leukocyte Cell Line (Ra‐IIA)
Authors: Hayashi Kazuhiko , Ohara Nobuya , Fujiwara Kotaro , Aoki Hiroyuki , Takahashi Kiyoshi , Jeon Ho Jong , Akagi Tadaatsu , Miyamoto Kanji , Ohtsuki Yuji
Published: August 2010

Three helper T cell lines, designated CR ‐IIA (CR‐IIA‐1, CR‐IIA‐ 2, and CR‐IIA‐3), were established by coculturing nor mal human cord leukocytes with a lethally irradiated HTLV II (human T lymphotropic virus type II)‐ infected rabbit leukocyte cell line (Ra‐IIA). CR IIA had a normal human karyotype and expressed the surface markers CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(‐), CD19(‐), CD25(+) and HLA‐ DR(+), confirming their helper T cell nature. CR‐ IIA cells were all free of Epstein‐ Barr virus nuclear antigen and were im‐muno reactive with serum samples from HTLV‐ I‐ or HTLV‐Il‐ infected patients and with anti HTLV‐ I, p19 or p24 anti body. The provirus genome of HTLV‐II was detected in these cell lines by the polymerase chain reaction combined with a digoxigenin‐ enzyme‐ linked immunosorbent assay. Electron microscopy of CR‐IIA‐1 cells revealed a few im mature type C virus particles. These results suggest that HTLV‐ II was transmitted from the infected rabbit leukocyte cell line to human cord helper T lymphocytes with the development of immortalized HTLV ‐ II‐ producing T cell lines. Acta Pathol Jpn 42: 347–352, 1992.