bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025 huggingface dataset:
BILANGAN INVERS DOMINASI TOTAL GRAF HELM TERTUTUP, GRAF GEAR, GRAF RODA GANDA DAN GRAF ANTIWEB-GEAR
Authors: Kusumastuti Nilamsari , Fran Fransiskus
Published: October 2022

Artikel ini membahas tentang bilangan invers dominasi total pada suatu graf  yang merupakan graf sederhana, berhingga, tak berarah dan tidak memuat simpul terasing, dengan  adalah himpunan titik dan  adalah himpunan sisi. Himpunan  adalah himpunan dominasi di  jika setiap elemen di  bertetangga sedikitnya dengan satu simpul di . Jika , maka  disebut himpunan dominasi total. Himpunan dominasi dan dominasi total tidak tunggal. Dimisalkan  merupakan himpunan dominasi total dengan kardinalitas terkecil. Jika  memuat himpunan dominasi total  maka  disebut himpunan invers dominasi total. Kardinalitas terkecil dari himpunan invers dominasi total disebut bilangan invers dominasi total yang dilambangkan . Suatu graf yang mempunyai himpunan dominasi total belum tentu memiliki himpunan invers dominasi total. Untuk kasus tersebut, bilangan invers dominasi total juga tidak dapat ditentukan. Pada artikel ini, ditentukan bilangan invers dominasi total dari beberapa kelas graf yaitu graf helm tertutup, graf gear, graf roda ganda dan graf antiweb-gear.
KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS MATEMATIS SISWA SMA PADA MATERI BANGUN RUANG SISI DATAR PASCA PEMBELAJARAN JARAK JAUH
Authors: Az Zahra Fatikhah , Hakim Dori Lukman
Published: October 2022

Pandemi COVID-19 memberikan dampak besar bagi sektor Pendidikan yakni diberlakukannya Pembelajaran Jarak Jauh (PJJ). Terbarukannya sebuah sistem tentu saja menimbulkan banyak kendala dan kekurangan yang bahkan dapat memberikan efek panjang hingga pandemi usai termasuk kemampuan siswa dalam berpikir kritis. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mendeskripsikan keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa ketika menyelesaikan soal bangun ruang sisi datar pasca pembelajaran jarak jauh. Subjek penelitian ini merupakan 15 siswa kelas X di salah satu SMA di Telukjambe Timur. Hasil jawaban siswa akan diakumulasikan dan dianalisis berdasarkan kategori tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Untuk mengukur kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa, peneliti menggunakan instrumen tes uraian sebanyak 5 soal. Artikel ini dikaji secara deskriptif dengan metode kualitatif. Aspek kemampuan berpikir kritis diukur berdasarkan bagaimana siswa mampu (1) menginterpretasikan dugaan (2) mengevaluasi, (3) menyelesaikan permasalahan, serta (4) menyimpulkan. Teknis analisis data meliputi pengumpulan data, penyajian data, reduksi data, serta penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil perhitungan memperlihatkan jika kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa pada kategori tinggi memperoleh persentase 20% sebanyak 2 siswa, kategori sedang memperoleh persentase 50% sebanyak 11 siswa dan kategori rendah memperoleh persentase 20% sebanyak 2 siswa. Sedangkan, jika ditinjau berdasarkan indikator kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa, diantaranya interpretasi sebesar 61,66% dengan kategori baik, analisis sebesar 72,9% dengan kategori baik, evaluasi sebesar 74,16% dengan kategori baik, dan inferensi sebesar 20,41% dengan kategori kurang. Oleh karena itu, berdasarkan hasil kumulatif perhitungan sehingga dapat diketaui jika kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa masih relatif sedang dengan persentase 57,29% dan pada indikator inferensi dengan kategori kurang.
EKSPLORASI ETNOMATEMATIKA DALAM SISTEM PERLADANGAN PADA BUDAYA SUKU DAYAK NANGA MAHAP
Authors: Stefvia Jeni , Risalah Dewi , Sandie Sandie , Bahri Saiful , Lestari Emi Tipuk
Published: October 2022

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan hasil eksplorasi etnomatematika dalam sistem perladangan suku Dayak Nanga Mahap. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dan jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan etnografi. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan sistem perladangan yang digunakan suku Dayak Nanga Mahap yang dalam prosesnya memuat konsep matematika dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Hasil eksplorasi menunjukkan bahwa pada sistem perladangan suku Dayak Nanga Mahap terdapat konsep matematika yang dapat dijadikan pembelajaran di sekolah sebagai pengetahuan dan pengenalan budaya pada siswa.
DESAIN DIDAKTIS PEMAHAMAN KONSEP SISWA SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA (SMP) PADA MATERI TEOREMA PYTHAGORAS
Authors: Meika Ika , Berliana Risma , Sartika Nenden Suciyati
Published: October 2022

Penelitian ini dilatar belakangi oleh pentingnya kemampuan pemahaman konsep siswa terhadap materi teorema pythagoras yang bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi learning obstacle siswa pada materi teorema pythagoras dengan membuat desain didaktis (bahan ajar) berupa modul teorema pythagoras. Penelitian dilaksanakan dengan menggunakan metode Didactical Design Research (DDR). Metode ini dilakukan dengan tiga tahap, yaitu analisis situasi didaktis sebelum pembelajaran, analisis metapedadidaktik, dan analisis retrospektif. Berdasarkan hasil studi pendahuluan yang dilakukan melalui tes identifikasi learning obstacle pada materi teorema pythagoras terhadap 25 siswa kelas VIII G SMP Negeri 1 Saketi, terdapat hambatan yang dialami siswa terkait pemahaman konsep diantaranya: 1) hambatan dalam memahami konsep segitiga siku-siku; 2) hambatan dalam menerapkan teorema pythagoras, 3) hambatan dalam menentukan jenis segitiga 4) hambatan dalam memahami tripel pythagoras; dan 5) hambatan dalam menerapkan teorema pythagoras dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Untuk mengatasi hambatan siswa pada materi teorema pythagoras diperlukan rancangan pembelajaran yang dikembangkan berdasarkan analisis learning obstacle sehingga menghasilkan desain didaktis hipotesis yang memuat berbagai aktifitas siswa dan prediksi respon siswa beserta dengan antisipasinya serta menghasilkan modul pembelajaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa desain didaktis yang diberikan dapat mengantisipasi kesulitan siswa terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep siswa pada materi teorema pythagoras, hal tersebut dapat terlihat dari hasil kerja siswa pada modul.
Language, Music, Self-Representation and Claiming the Space: Artists from Limpopo Province in South Africa
Authors: Aiseng Kealeboga
Published: October 2022

It is widely accepted that popular culture is a product of the masses, for the masses. But even then, popular culture is embedded with ideologies of control, manipulation, power dynamics, exclusion and inclusion, empowerment, and disempowerment. For a long time, the South African mainstream music industry has been dominated by artists and groups from Gauteng and KwaZulu-Natal provinces. These two provinces have produced many musical artists, film productions, television shows and many other artistic personnel. Language has always been a key factor in the South African mainstream music industry. IsiZulu, isiXhosa and instances of codeswitching have dominated the songs in the country. This has left other social groups and their languages outside mainstream music. However, what happens when a culture of self-representation emerges among a social group? What happens when a social group mobilises itself and claims the space? What about the power of languages in achieving self-representation? This study is influenced by these research questions to do qualitative, textual research on how a selected group of musical artists from Limpopo, South Africa is using music to achieve self-representation.
Graceless
Authors: Carina Cristovao
Published: October 2022

Grace goes through high school living in the comfort of the shadows. Jayden is quite the opposite; he is a confident, popular boy who is adored by many. After working together on a project with Jayden, Grace finds herself in an unbelievable situation—Jayden asks her out. He is everything she ever dreamed of.  For some time they are the perfect couple—he is caring and sweet, and she falls head over heels for him. However, on the day he confesses his feelings for her, something happens that will haunt her for the rest of her life. Set in a South African high school context, this short story explores a harrowing reality that thousands of South African women and teenagers face on a daily basis.
Information systems development prospects for fire and rescue units of EMERCOM of Russia
Authors:   «LITEL» LLC, Rozhkov Aleksander G. , Khodatenko Evgeni N. ,   Deputy Director, Educational and Scientific-Technical Department  of EMERCOM of Russia, Leonovich Inna A. ,   «LITEL» LLC, PODKOSOV Sergey V. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, Lednev Mikhail S. ,   State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia, Kapralniy Yuri V. ,   All-Russian Research Institute on Problems of Civil Defense  and Emergencies of EMERCOM of Russia  (Federal Centre of Science and High Technologies)
Published: October 2022

Purpose. The article is devoted to the analysis of information systems (IS) development prospects for fire and rescue units of EMERCOM of Russia. Currently, management centers and IS of the federal, regional, local levels in the system EMERCOM of Russia have been created and are being developed. The effectiveness of their application consists of their integral efficiency and the quality of primary data obtained by such systems. Methods. The authors reviewed articles, scientific reports and materials from open sources on the Internet. In the first part of the review, connectivity factor of IS of EMERCOM of Russia is considered. Findings. The article regards the issue of the episistemic development of IS in the most general form and may serve as a starting point for in-depth research in this area. The second part of the review considers the issue of collecting and processing primary data for IS, in particular, the overview of the current state of fire telemetry systems (TS) and their role in enriching IS data is provided. Main requirements for TS are described, the overview of the layout of promising “Fire and rescue units personnel support system” of the domestic model is presented. Research application field. The obtained data can be used at the stage of strategic planning and budgeting when setting goals for the development of IS in the system of EMERCOM of Russia. Materials can also be in demand when forming requirements for a promising TS of EMERCOM of Russia to automate data collection directly from firefighters. Conclusions. The analysis carried out by the authors shows that it is necessary to alternate the stages of IS development with the stages of “stabilization”, which will increase the stability of the control system, the efficiency and speed of decision-making, and will save money on duplicate functionality within different ISs. Personal telemetry systems should become an indispensable source of data for decision-making information systems, they have great potential for preventing injuries of EMERCOM personnel and can provide data necessary for scientific and research work, as well as for updating the current regulatory framework.
Spines of dendrites
Authors: Пальцын А.А. , Свиридкина Н.Б.
Published: October 2022

Мозг осуществляет постоянное и чаще достаточно успешное приспособление организма к меняющимся условиям среды. Важнейшим структурно-функциональным проявлением этой приспособительной реакции мозга является адекватное ситуации изменение числа, внешней формы, внутреннего строения, скорости структурных перестроек, химического состава воспринимающих сигнал элементов синапсов -- дендритных шипиков. При болезни Альцгеймера патология шипиков обнаруживается раньше клинических проявлений. Первым ученым, понявшим роль шипиков был Рамон Кахаль.

The brain performs constant and often quite successful adaptation to changing environmental conditions. The most important structural and functional manifestation of this adaptive reaction of the brain is an adequate change in the number, external shape, internal structure, speed of structural rearrangements, and the chemical composition of dendritic spines, the elements of synapses that perceive the signal. In Alzheimer’s disease, the pathology of spines is detected earlier than the clinical manifestations. The first scientist who understood the role of the dendritic spines was Ramon Cajal.
Sterile inflammation in preeclampsia and preterm birth
Authors: Щербаков В.И. , Поздняков И.М. , Ширинская А.В. , Волков М.В.
Published: October 2022

В обзоре обсуждаются новые данные о роли стерильного воспаления при таких ключевых осложнениях беременности, как преэклампсия и преждевременные роды. Рассмотрены молекулярные паттерны, связанные с повреждением с позиций сигналов опасности как активаторы врожденной иммунной системы. Проведен анализ недавно открытых структур инфламмaсом при беременности и их возможной роли в индукции и поддержании стерильного воспаления, играющего важную роль в нарушении нормального течения беременности, и, как следствие этого, изменения вектора развития плода. Приведены данные, доказывающие участие некоторых аларминов в индукции воспаления как при преэклампсии, так и при преждевременных родах. Подобная универсальность не исключает специфики воспаления, которая до конца пока не ясна. Обсуждаются новые подходы к терапии стерильного воспаления при рассматриваемой патологии.

This review presents new data demonstrating the importance of sterile inflammation in major complications of pregnancy, such as preeclampsia and preterm delivery. We analyzed molecular patterns related to defects with regard to danger signals, such as activators of the innate immune system. We analyzed recently discovered structures, i.e., inflammasomes, during pregnancy and their possible role in inducing and maintaining sterile inflammation. Sterile inflammation plays an important role in distorting normal pregnancy and, as a consequence, changes the direction of fetal development. Our data demonstrate that some alarmins participate in inducing inflammation, both in preeclampsia and in preterm delivery. Such universality does not exclude certain specifics of inflammation, which are still not completely clear. We discussed new ways of evaluation and treatment of sterile inflammation in such pathologies.
Postural balance after a stroke
Authors: Пальцын А.А. , Свиридкина Н.Б.
Published: October 2022

Инсульт часто осложняется нарушением постурального баланса. Дефект баланса нарушает в большей или меньшей степени созданную эволюцией вида Homo sapiens жизненно важную функцию ходьбы, снижает качество жизни и опасен вероятностью падений и травматических повреждений. Поэтому одной из ближайших задач реабилитации является восстановление постурального баланса - вторичное, после детства, обучение ходьбе. В лекции указываются некоторые современные приемы ускорения такой реабилитации: ходьба с максимальной, но не чрезмерной для индивидуума нагрузкой, по мягким и различным для правой и левой ноги поверхностям, синхронное выполнение двигательных и когнитивных нагрузок, функциональная электростимуляция, стабилометрический постуральный тренинг и контроль процесса в роботизированных механотренажерах, использование биологической обратной связи (БОС) для корректировки процесса реабилитации.

Stroke is often complicated by postural imbalance. A balance defect disrupts, to a greater or lesser extent, the vital function of walking created by the evolution of Homo sapiens, impairs the quality of life, and brings a risk of falls and traumatic injuries. Therefore, one of the immediate objectives of rehabilitation is restoration of postural balance, i.e., repeated, post-childhood, learning to walk. The lecture shows some modern techniques for facilitating such rehabilitation: walking with a maximum, but not excessive load for the individual, on soft and different surfaces for the right and left legs, synchronous performance of motor and cognitive exercises, functional electrical stimulation, stabilometric postural training and control of the process in robotic mechanical simulators, and the use of biofeedback to adjust the rehabilitation process.
Comparative characteristics of the weight moisture content of soils of the seasonally thawed layer on different landscapes in the area of Yakutsk (Kerdugen area)
Authors: НЕСТЕРЕВА А.С. , КАЛИНИЧЕВА С.В.
Published: October 2022

Реакция многолетнемерзлых пород, включая темпы и масштабы изменений геокриологических условий на изменение климата и хозяйственную деятельность характеризуются как весьма неодинаковые в научных трудах, опубликованных за последние 20-50 лет. Данным обстоятельством продиктовано необходимость изучения и оценки реакции геокриологических условий деятельного слоя в Центральной Якутии на потепление климата и антропогенное воздействие. В статье приводятся результаты исследований влажностных характеристик термокарстового полигона, сформировавшегося после раскорчевки смешанного березово-лиственничного леса в 1965-1985 гг. на участках распространения повторно-жильных льдов, участка пашни незатронутого термокарстовым процессом, а также, участка березовой сукцессии, образовавшегося после вырубки леса и лиственнично-березового мнимо-коренного леса. Определена весовая влажность почвогрунтов в каждом из четырех вышеприведенных типов ландшафтов посредством отбора проб с помощью ручного почвенного буро-пробоотборника из отдельных горизонтов почвы в алюминиевые бюксы в полевых условиях и последующей сушки до постоянной массы и расчета на камеральном этапе. Выявлено изменение влажностных характеристик грунтов в зависимости от изменения мерзлотно-ландшафтных условий. Установлено, что на участке березового леса весовая влажность грунта в сезонно-талом слое на глубине 0,3-1 м выше, чем в лиственнично-березовом мнимо-коренном лесу, за счет высокой сомкнутости крон и малой глубины СТС первого. На участке пашни, где произошли термопросадки влажность грунта в вертикальном горизонте 0,3-1,0 м намного выше, чем на пашне незатронутого термокарстовым процессом, что обусловливается дополнительными условиями увлажнения за счет выпавшего снега, а также, его накопления и задержания на термопросадках
History of geographical research of the northeast of the Russian island Arctic in anthroponyms
Authors: ПАХОМОВА Л.С.
Published: October 2022

В cтатье рассмотрена история географических открытий и исследований на просторах Арктики в географических названиях, совершенных первооткрывателями и исследователями в разные этапы времени. На морских просторах Арктики распространено огромное множество имён отважных и преданных мореплавателей и исследователей, которые внесли свой весомый вклад не только в историю науки, но и в хозяйственное использование холодных морей, тем самым закрепив арктические территории России, территорию страны в целом. В статье анализировано распространение антропонимов островной Арктики в пределах северо-востока Российской Арктики, охватывая периоды времени с XVIпо XVIII век. Антропоним (др.греч. ἄνθρωπος – человек и ὄνομα – имя) – единичное имя собственное или совокупность имён собственных, идентифицирующих человека. История географических исследований обобщена по работам И.П. Магидовича, В.И. Магидовича, А.Е Колесова, С.Е. Мостахова, Шириной Д.С. и др. Изучение антропонимов (имен собственных) раскрыто по топонимическим исследованиям В.К. Жучкевич, С.В. Попова, Поспелова Е.М.Цель исследования: систематизация антропонимов северо-восточных акватории островной Арктики России.Исследование антропонимов основано на методах историко-географического анализа, обобщение и выборка физико-географических названий объектов основано на картографическом методе.В результате проведена краткая систематизация антропонимов по основным географическим объектам северо-восточных территорий Российской Арктики в акватории моря Лаптевых, Восточно-Сибирского и Чукотского морей, которые не претендуют на полноту представленных антропонимов.
SERS based detection of herbicide MCPA using electrochemically synthesized 2D-silver nanodendrites functionalized with cyclodextrin
Authors: Daly Robert , Narayan Tarun , Diaz Fernando , Gutierrez Moreno Julio , Nolan Michael , O'Riordan Alan , lovera Pierre
Published: October 2022

Abstract: Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) is a powerful analytical technique that has found application in trace detection of a wide range of contaminants. In this paper we report on the fabrication of 2-D silver nanodendrites, on silicon chips, synthesized by electrochemical reduction of AgNO3 at microelectrodes. The formation of nanodendrites is tentatively explained in terms of electromigration and diffusion of silver ions. Electrochemical characterization suggests that the nanodendrites do not stay electrically connected to the microelectrode. The substrates show SERS activity with an enhancement factor on the order of 106. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations were carried out to investigate the suitability of the fabricated substrate for pesticide monitoring. These substrates can be functionalized with cyclodextrin macro molecules to help with detection of molecules with low affinity with silver surfaces. A proof of concept is demonstrated with the detection of herbicide 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid
Evidence for Oxonium Ions in Ethereal "Hydrogen Chloride"
Authors: Wagen Corin , Jacobsen Eric
Published: October 2022

Although solutions of hydrogen chloride in ethereal solvents like diethyl ether or dioxane are commonly employed in the laboratory, the solution structure of these reagents has yet to be firmly established. Here, we analyze solutions of ethereal hydrogen chloride or deuterium chloride in toluene, dichloromethane, or in the absence of cosolvent by in situ IR spectroscopy. The resulting spectra are inconsistent with free HCl or often-proposed 1:1 HCl:ether complexes, but closely match the predicted spectra of oxonium ions generated via protonation of diethyl ether. Molecular dynamics simulation of the oxonium chloride complexes provides evidence for an outer-sphere contact ion pair. These results suggest new approaches for tuning the acidity of strong Brønsted acids in organic solvents and demonstrate the importance of conducting spectroscopic measurements under reaction-relevant conditions.
Ni/Co@NDC Modulates the Highly Selective Conversion of Vanillin in Flow Reactor under Mild Conditions
Authors: liu Jianguo , Lin Shanshan , Chen Lungang , Zhang Xinghua , Zhang Qi , Ma Longlong
Published: October 2022

Vanillin is currently the most abundant aromatic molecule produced from lignin on an industrial scale and one of the few renewable resources that can be readily catalyzed to obtain alkanes. The hydrogenation of vanillin as a lignin model has been a hot research topic in the catalytic community. Vanillin has the potential to be upgraded to value-added compounds by catalytic hydrogenation, and its valuable hydrogenation products are usually vanillinol (VA) and 4-methylguaiacol (MMP). The difficulty of this reaction lies in the selectivity control of the hydrogenation products. Complete conversion of both products cannot be achieved with either noble or non-precious metal catalysts in the same catalytic system. For the hydrogenation of vanillin, the usual catalysts can achieve complete conversion of one product or partial conversion of both products. In our work, we developed a novel bimetallic catalyst encapsulated in nitrogen-rich carbon to achieve, for the first time, the selective and regulated conversion of two products, i.e., 96.06% vanillin and 99.99% MMP, in the same system. The use of nitrogen-doped carbon (NDC) as a carrier for Ni nanoparticles allows the charge transfer from Ni to the carrier, i.e., NDC, resulting in the oxidation potential is corrected. Combined with the more favorable deoxidation activity of Co, our catalysts are inexpensive, simple to prepare, stable in performance, easy to separate, high in activity, and have the advantage of being tunable to the target product. Due to the synergistic effect of Ni and Co bimetals, the vanillin hydrogenation reaction can be almost completely stopped at the step of VA generation and the catalytic activity of the active center can be adjusted by controlling the temperature in a continuous flow to achieve the conversion of the other product MMP at 99.99%, which has never been reported before.
Heterogeneity in Cation Exchange Ag+ Doping of CdSe Nanocrystals
Authors: Freyer Abigail R , Tumiel Trevor , Smeaton Michelle , Savitzky Benjamin H , Kourkoutis Lena F , Krauss Todd D
Published: October 2022

Cation exchange is becoming extensively used for nanocrystal (NC) doping in order to produce NCs with unique optical and electronic properties. However, despite its ever-increasing use, the relationships between the cation exchange process, its doped NC products, and the resulting NC photophysics are not well characterized. For example, similar doping procedures on NCs with the same chemical compositions have resulted in quite different photophysics. Through a detailed single molecule investigation of a post-synthesis Ag+ doping of CdSe NCs, a number of species were identified within a single doped NC sample, suggesting the differences in the optical properties of the various synthesis methods are due to the varied contributions of each species. Electrostatic force microscopy (EFM), electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) mapping, and single molecule photoluminescence (PL) studies were used to identify four possible species resulting from the Ag+-CdSe cation exchange doping process. The heterogeneity of these samples shows the difficulty in controlling a post-synthesis cation exchange method to produce homogenous samples needed for use in any potential application. Additionally, the heterogeneity in the doped samples demonstrates that significant care must be taken in describing the ensemble or average characteristics of the sample.
NHPyOx as a Chem-Bio Model for the Synergistic Discovery of Novel Ligands Facilitating Pharmaceutical Science
Authors: Yang Juan , Lai Jixing , Sun Shengxin , Li Weixing , Li Shengkun
Published: October 2022

Amino-pyridine-oxazoline (NH-PyOx) was conceived as a proof-of-concept of a chem-bio model (CBM) for function-oriented synergistic optimization. It culminated in the discovery of novel ligands showing much better performance in Hayashi-Miyaura coupling or antifungal performance than that of PyOx and boscalid, respectively.
Children, Partiality, and Equality
Authors: O'Brien David
Published: October 2022

It is a precept of commonsense morality that parents have permissions to be partial toward their own children in various ways: they are permitted to act in a variety of ways that favor the interests of (only) their own children. But how are such permissions to be reconciled with more general principles of justice? In this article, I discuss this question as it arises for one kind of liberal egalitarian theory of justice. Given their robust commitment to an ideal of equality, such theories face prima facie difficulties in accommodating the commonsense permissions of parental partiality. After sketching the contours of the apparent conflict between equality and parental partiality (§2), I survey some of the ways in which some writers have attempted to reconcile equality and parental partiality, and I criticize these reconciliation proposals, which in different ways subordinate a concern for equality to a concern for parental partiality (§3). I then suggest a different direction for reconciliation, which (conversely) subordinates a concern for partiality to a concern for equality (§4). This alternative reconciliation strategy, I argue, deserves to be taken seriously by liberal egalitarians; whether it is the most plausible way to reconcile equality and parental partiality depends on one’s view about the moral weight of people’s interest in parenting.
Observatorios sociales nacionales y regional de tuberculosis en ocho países de Latinoamérica y el Caribe
Authors: Ramírez-Koctong Oscar , Colorado Alberto , Cruzado-Castro Lourdes , Marin-Samanez Helen , Lecca Leonid
Published: October 2022

Poner fin a la tuberculosis (TB) requiere de un enfoque y participación multisectorial, incluyendo a la sociedad civil organizada. Entonces con el apoyo de un proyecto regional financiado por el Fondo Mundial (OBSERVA TB), desde el año 2019 se conformaron observatorios sociales de tuberculosis en 8 países de Latinoamérica y el Caribe (LAC) (Bolivia, Colombia, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haití, México, Perú y República Dominicana) y un Observatorio Social Regional de TB, como expresión de la implementación del enfoque ENGAGE-TB impulsado por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Este artículo presenta el modelo de implementación, los avances y los desafíos de los observatorios sociales de tuberculosis. A diciembre de 2021, se incluyeron 135 organizaciones de la sociedad civil de LAC en los 8 observatorios implementados, espacios que sirven como plataformas para la vigilancia social, la incidencia política y el monitoreo social de las respuestas nacionales contra la TB, además de contribuir a los indicadores del ENGAGE-TB relacionados a la detección de casos TB y a los apoyos durante el tratamiento. Por ello, recomendamos la consolidación y expansión de los observatorios existentes, así como la participación de otros países de la región LAC.
Does Religiosity Reduce Tax Evasion? Empirical Research Based on Gender and Education
Authors: Kurnianingsih Widiyanti , Atmoko Alfriadi Dwi
Published: October 2022

Tax evasion in Indonesia there are still many cases, even though the law clearly regulates taxation procedures, there are still many taxpayers who do not carry out their obligations by taking tax evasion measures. The purpose of this study was to empirically examine the effect of money ethics on tax evasion and the interaction effect of religiosity on the relationship between money ethics and tax evasion. This study also aims to test empirically the differences in the levels of the three variables based on the perspective of gender and education level. This research method uses simple regression analysis and used moderated regression analysis to test the effects of interaction and to test differences in gender perspectives and education levels on these three variables using independent sample t-test analysis. The results of this study are that money ethics has a positive effect on tax evasion, there is an interaction effect on the relationship between money ethics and tax evasion, there are differences in religiosity and tax evasion from a gender perspective, there is no difference in money ethics from a gender perspective and there is no difference in money ethics, religiosity and, tax evasion from the perspective of education level.
Political Connection and The Readability of The MD&A Disclosure
Authors: Harymawan Iman , Roiston Tubagus Algan
Published: October 2022

This research examined the relationship between politically connected companies and the readability of the company's MD&A. Our results show that in the Indonesian setting, the experience of parliamentarians (DPR, MPR), regional heads and local government officials at the company executive level plays an important role in the readability of a company's Management Discussion & Analysis (MD&A). Based on self-presentation theory, we suspect that companies with political connections make it possible to make the disclosures on the company's MD&A easy to read because the management with political connections puts forward their image in the stakeholders' eyes. The narrative that is conveyed is easier to understand as a result. Besides this, management who come from the political circle have the talent and expertise of managing their image in the public eye, thus enabling the management to convey the narrative on MD&A in a way that is easy to read for reasons of concealing the company performance or maintaining their image. We also tested the endogeneity effect using Coarsened Exact Matching Regression (CEM) to confirm our findings and obtained the same result as our previous assumption - that politically connected companies have an MD&A that is easy to read.
The regulation of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs). (c2022)
Authors:   ,   Lebanese American University, El Hajjar Ornina
Published: October 2022

Throughout the years, the world have witnessed many milestones that re-wrote history. From the industrial revolution to the creation of the first computer, every technological invention drastically changed our way of life. Each change is followed by a new law, as a way of protecting citizens. Today, we witness yet again a new revolution. The traditional internet is exceeded by the emergence of Web 3.0 and its components. New types of currencies and assets are seeing light and little or no regulations are present, which leaves a big portion of online users at threat. One of the biggest misunderstood asset is the Non-Fungible Token (NFT). First introduced as an art token, it has become one of the most prominent proof of ownership on the blockchain. Therefore, our research’s purpose is to introduce NFTs into law. It will first set forth a presentation of the new digital revolution by explaining several concepts that are crucial for the understanding of the NFT. We will then research the legal framework that can potentially be applicable to NFTs, with a focus on intellectual property as the main source for artists’ protection, and an attempt to figure out the legal aspect of NFTs according to its uses. Moreover, the research will also identify several traditional use-cases in addition to the most recent ones regarding NFTs in hope to identify where the legal standards for NFTs are heading. Finally, we will set up recommendations for a unified regulation or guideline in order to update our legal systems and keep up with the new digital uprising.
Severity analysis of fruit plant diseases based on leaf symptoms using ImageJ software
Authors: Qurrahmah An Nissa Falaq , Mutfidasari Umi , Aisyah Putri Inayah , Butar-Butar Irene Putri Pricillia , Rosadi Imam , Oktavianingsih Linda
Published: October 2022

Diseases in plants are abnormal and detrimental physiological processes plants. Plant organs commonly affected by the disease are leaves, roots, fruit, and stems. Diseases in plants can generally be caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses, and algae that cause diplodia, red rust patches/spots, scabies, and downy mildew. This study aims to determine the severity of disease in fruit plants using ImageJ and plantix. Based on the results of the study, found five types of fruit plants were used, namely grape vines (Vitis vinifera), sapodilla (Manilkara zapota), mango (Mangifera indica), rambutan (Nephelium sp.), and lime plants (Citrus aurantifolia) with different severity of plant diseases. The highest severity of the disease was found in rambutan leaves (43.73%) caused by fungi, and the lowest severity was found in lime leaves (16.12%) caused by fungi.
The potency of water leaves extract of bay (Syzygium polyanthum) and papaya (Carica papaya) as larvacides to filaria vector Culex queinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae)
Authors: Rohmayani Vella , Arimurti Anindita Riesti Retno , Samsudin Rinza Rahmawati
Published: October 2022

Culex quenquefasciatus is a mosquito that acts as a vector of filariasis disease. In Indonesia filariasis is still one of the endemic diseases. This proves that the handling of vector Culex quenquefasciatus is still not done optimally. One way that can be done to control mosquito vectors one of them is to use larvacide. Larvacide which is widely used today is still synthetic. Although very efficient in causing mosquito mortality, larvacide synthesis harms the environment and can cause vectors resistance. Then another larvacide alternative is needed that is effective and does not cause negative effects. Plants can be a choice of larvacide from nature. The study aims to find out the potential of the water extract of bay leaves and papaya leaves in killing the larvae of the Cx. quenquefasciatus mosquito as well as the value of LC50 after 24-hour observation. The type of research used is experimental research. The concentration of the water extract of bay leaves and papaya leaves used is 10%, 30%, 50%, 70%, and 90% with trhee times replication. LC50 is calculated using the Finney formula (1971), the calculation is carried out using application SPSS statistical version 26. Based on the research conducted, the value of bay leaf water extract LC50 = 62.89 g/ml and papaya leaf water extract LC50 = 45.10 g/ml. So based on the LC50 value, ita can be concluded that papaya leaf water extract is more effective in causing mortality Cx. quenquefasciatus compared with bay leaf water extract.
Family medicinal plants (toga) in Tanap village Sanggau regency and their utilization by the Dayak Muara ethnic for the treatment of digestive system disorders
Authors: Yusro Fathul , Wardenaar Evy , Mariani Yeni
Published: October 2022

Medicinal plants are used for various kinds of health care, one of which is to treat problems in the digestive system. This research aimed to analyze the utilization of family medicinal plants (TOGA) by the ethnic of Dayak Muara in Tanap village in handling digestive system disorders. This study was conducted by survey method with a purposive sampling technique. This research was initiated by conducting interviews with the people of Tanap village who came from the Dayak Muara, then continued with identifying the medicinal plants mentioned. The data obtained were then analyzed with an ethnobotanical index in the form of Use Value (UV), Informant Consensus Factor (ICF), and Fidelity Level (FL). The Dayak Muara ethnic in Tanap Village uses 22 species of TOGA to handle digestive system disorders. The highest families used were Zingiberaceae and Amaryllidaceae. The dominant plant parts used, processing method, administration method, and remedies form for the handling of digestive system disorders are leaves (36%), boiled processing (43%), drinking (44%), and single herb form (67%). Plants with high use value (UV=1) are jambu biji (Psidium guajava) and kunyit (Curcuma longa). The digestive system disorder categories with the highest ICF included sprue (1), nausea and vomiting (0.98), intestinal worms, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and constipation (0.97). Plant that had the highest FL value (100%) included cocor bebek (Bryophyllum pinnatum), patah tulang (Euphorbia tirucalli), and putri malu (Mimosa pudica) for the treatment of toothache. Entawak (Artocarpus anisophyllus) for stomachache, pinang (Areca catechu) for constipation, lidah buaya (Aloe vera) for hemorrhoids, and sawo (Manilkara zapota) for stomachache.
Antibacterial activity test of solid soap with torch ginger's (Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M.sm.) flower extract
Authors: Sari Melia , Sari Mayang , Aswi Cut Nurul
Published: October 2022

Ethanol extract of torch ginger’s flower (Etlingera elatior) is rich in active compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and saponins, steroids. Flavonoids are bioactive compounds that serve as antioxidants and antibacterials. This study aims to find the antibacterial activity of solid soap with torch ginger’s flower extract against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. This study includes the preparation of simplicia, extracts, moisture content, total ash levels, insoluble acid ash levels, water soluble extract levels. The first evaluation includes organoleptic test, pH, irritation, and stability. The formulation of the tested soap preparations was 5%, 7.5%, 10%. The data analysis was performed with ANOVA. The results of this study revealed that its ethanolic extract had a moderate category of bacterial resistance against S.aureus where in FI (5%) has a clear zone with 7 mm in diameter, FII (7.5%) 8.3 mm and FIII (10%) 10.4 mm.Furthermore,for P.aeruginosa, it has a moderate clear zone with diameter in FI (5%) is 8.86 mm, FII (7.5%) is 9.73 mm, and FIII is 10.6 mm. Torch ginger’s flower ethanolic extract had anantibacterial activity against S.aureus and P.aeruginosa with the widestclear zone is in the FIII (10%, v/v) in the number of 10.4 mm against S.aureus and 10.6 mm against P.aeruginosa with moderate resistance category.
dicurso urbano
Authors: Morgan Tonatiuh
Published: October 2022

La creación de espacios de exclusividad social en áreas públicas por medio de intervenciones políticas, son una muestra de la inserción de una visión hegemónica de la ciudad. Ello, genera representaciones, discursos y prácticas que, establecen significados con respecto al lugar. El objetivo de esta investigación es mostrar cómo las acciones políticas construyen fronteras, físicas y simbólicas, de sentido territorial en espacios de convivencia social. Un contexto donde se simboliza a un actor social, el otro, quien es expulsado del espacio público. Los resultados muestran cómo la representación política de la ciudad genera otro tipo de discurso, uno que emerge del espacio urbano, donde el actor expulsado, a través de sus relatos, diálogos y narrativas da vida un adversario político. El discurso del expulsado es importante para la investigación social, porque muestra: un proceso invisible, un actor anónimo y un proceso histórico que son parte de la ciudad.
Pola Sebaran dan Keterpusatan Fasilitas Pendidikan sebagai Pelayanan Publik di Kota Pontianak
Authors: Muazir Syaiful , Lestari  , Nurhamsyah Muhammad , Alhamdani Muhammad Ridha , Rudiyono
Published: October 2022

In accordance with the objectives of the Pontianak City Spatial Plan, the development orientation is emphasized in the trade and services sector. In terms of essential services, Educational facilities are means to develop human resources. Along with population growth, Educational facilities and their distribution need to be improved. This article aims to examine the distribution and centralization of Educational facilities as an evaluation for the arrangement of the distribution of services. Besides, it can be a case study for other cities in managing the distribution of facilities. The distribution of access and Educational facilities is assessed through network analysis consisting of calculations of degree, closeness, betweenness, and eigenvector. From the results obtained, South Pontianak District and East Pontianak District are the areas with the highest or largest scores, especially in measuring closeness, betweenness, and eigenvector. It is indicated that the two districts tend to be the most central areas. Meanwhile, for the superimposition between access and distribution of facilities, it is found that Higher Education facilities tend to be facilities with a "centralized" position in the network configuration. In addition, elementary schools were also foundto be the most accessible in each area or district.
Determinants of Regency/City Typology Based on HDI Indicators: Case from West Java, Indonesia
Authors: Hendajany Nenny , Riyadi Deden Rizal
Published: October 2022

West Java is the most populated province in Indonesia, housing 18% of the total population, and its Gini Ratio shows the prevalence of income inequality. Previous studies have shown a relationship between education and income inequality, partly derived from inequality in education. This study explores the condition of education in regencies/cities in West Java by mapping based on agriculture/non-agriculture classifications, length of the school and life expectancy in 4 quadrants. Significant factors that determine a region in a particular quadrant are explored. Quadrant I is a region of non-agricultural basis, and the average education has graduated junior high. Quadrant III is also a non-agricultural base characterized by elementary school graduates. Quadrant IV is an agricultural base with graduates from elementary school. There is no region in quadrant II, a rural base with junior high graduates. With secondary data from 2017, multinomial logit regression was used for analysis. The result showed life expectancy in quadrants I and III was greater than in IV. Population and gender empowerment index characterize an area in quadrants I and III rather than IV. This is clearer when one looks at the marginal effect where the variable population growth and the development of the gender empowerment index significantly reduce the area's chances of being in quadrant IV. Based on the typology results, we suggest that the government pay more attention to areas in quadrant IV so that educational inequality in West Java can be reduced.
Dampak Investasi Pariwisata terhadap Fungsi Permukiman di Ubud Bali: Transformasi Keruangan, Sosial dan Ekonomi
Authors: Juniawati Gaek Raka
Published: October 2022

The entry of tourism to Bali because it has a stunning natural beauty is no exception Ubud. Tourism provides many changes. Based on local sources, as well as the results of in-depth interviews with Ubud community leaders, the initial entry of tourism was because Ubud has an interesting culture. In addition, the initial capital attracts tourists to come to Ubud through its social values, invites tourists to participate in social activities, provides opportunities for tourists to become part of Ubud itself. This causes the development of tourism to increase, and encourages people to rent out their houses which we usually call homestays. Seeing this opportunity, investors began to offer funds to develop residential areas for local communities. However, the increase in tourism, of course, will affect the arrangement of settlements in Ubud. In view of this, the research aims to analyze the transformations that arise and provide an overview of changes in settlements in Ubud. The phenomena found in the field that investment has an impact on space, economy and social. This study uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach with data collection by field observations, in-depth interviews, and field analysis. The results of the study, which are in the form of macro and micro mapping images of the changes that occur, are expected to be able to provide a picture of changes in the functioning that occur in the Ubud Area in a spatial, socio-cultural, and economic manner properly.
Pengembangan Desa Wisata Berkelanjutan: Studi Kasus di Desa Paccekke, Kabupaten Barru, Indonesia
Authors: Junaid Ilham , Dewi Wa Ode , Said Aristisia , Hanafi Hamsu
Published: October 2022

This study analyses the actual condition of a tourism village from a sustainable tourism perspective. There is limited study on the implementation of sustainable tourism in tourism villages. This study aims to 1) identify the supporting and inhibiting factors in implementing sustainable tourism; 2) analyse the steps or efforts in achieving sustainable tourism villages. Qualitative research has guided the researchers in collecting data in Paccekke Village, Barru Regency, in 2021. The results reveal supporting and inhibiting factors for implementing sustainable tourism villages. The supporting factors are the natural and cultural potential of the village; sustainable natural conditional; positive attitude of the community towards tourism and the culture of collaborative work (gotong royong); the existence of cultural events; and commitment of local stakeholders. The inhibiting factors are limited facilities and infrastructure, weak planning in the tourism sector, extreme accessibility; weak internet network; and the low awareness and ability of the community in managing tourism potential. This study recommends the importance of utilising the existence of tourist villages in the Barru Regency as a whole in order to improve the quality of tourist visits. Utilising social media as a promotional tool, anticipating the impact of massive visits on environmental quality, and collaborating with various stakeholders for community involvement are strategies to implement sustainable tourism villages. This study provides an overview of the factual conditions of a village, not only from a positive perspective but also obstacles that require solutions or strategies for a sustainable tourism village.